cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparative Advantage of the Primary Oilseeds Industry in South Africa
Creators: name: Jooste, A.
name: Van Schalkwyk, H. D.
name: Jooste, A.
name: Van Schalkwyk, H. D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Given South Africa's poor resource endowments coupled with the ongoing deregulation and liberalisation of agriculture, it is of the utmost importance that resources are used in the most optimal manner to ensure international competitiveness. Since oilseeds constitute one of the most important field crops in South Africa, the comparative economic advantages (CEA) of sunflower seeds, groundnuts and soya-beans were calculated for different regions classified as low yielding, high yielding and irrigation areas. The results show that (a) the extent of developing new cultivars with improved yield potential will largely determine the comparative advantage of oilseeds in areas where agro-ecological conditions are poor; (b) distortionary policies on the input side is one of the main factors influencing the comparative advantage of the primary oilseeds industry; (c) the introduction of a water rate will have serious implications far irrigated oilseeds; and (d) increased efficiency fanns the basis far being competitiveness.
A Tetrameric Assembly of Saposin A: Increasing Structural Diversity in Lipid Transfer Proteins
Creators: name: Shamin, Maria
name: Spratley, Samantha J.
name: Graham, Stephen C.
name: Deane, Janet E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original Research
saposin
SapA
lipoprotein
nanodiscs

description: Saposins are lipid transfer proteins required for the degradation of sphingolipids in the lysosome. These small proteins bind lipids by transitioning from a closed, monomeric state to an open conformation exposing a hydrophobic surface that binds and shields hydrophobic lipid tails from the aqueous environment. Saposins form a range of multimeric assemblies to encompass these bound lipids and present them to hydrolases in the lysosome. This lipid-binding property of human saposin A has been exploited to form lipoprotein nanodiscs suitable for structural studies of membrane proteins. Here we present the crystal structure of a unique tetrameric assembly of murine saposin A produced serendipitously, following modifications of published protocols for making lipoprotein nanodiscs. The structure of this new saposin oligomer highlights the diversity of tertiary arrangement that can be adopted by these important lipid transfer proteins.
A Comprehensive Study on Identifying the Structural and Functional SNPs of Human Neuronal Membrane Glycoprotein M6A (GPM6A)
Creators: name: Khalid, Zoya
name: Sezerman, Osman Ugur
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Glycoprotein M6A, a stress related gene, plays an important role in synapse and filopodia formation. Filopodia formation is vital for development, immunity, angiogenesis, wound healing and metastasis. In this study, structural and functional analysis of high risk SNPs associated with Glycoprotein M6-A were evaluated using six different bioinformatics tools. Results classified T210I, T134I, Y153H, I215T, F156L, T160I, I226T, R247W, R178C, W159R, N157S and P151L as deleterious mutants that are crucial for the structure and function of the protein causing malfunction of M6-a and ultimately leads to disease development. The 3D structure of wild type M6-a and mutant M6-a were also predicted. Furthermore, the effect of high risk substitutions were also analyzed with interaction with Valproic Acid. Based on structural models obtained, the binding pocket of ligand bound glycoprotein M6-A structure showed few core interacting residues which are different in the mutant models. Among all substitutions, F156L showed complete loss of binding pocket when interacting with valproic acid as compared to the wild type model. Up to the best of our knowledge this is the first comprehensive study where GPM6A mutations were analyzed. The mechanism of action of GPM6A is still not fully defined which limits the understanding of functional details encoding M6-A. Our results may help enlighten some molecular aspects underlying glycoprotein M6-A.
Redheffer-type inequalities for generalized trigonometric functions
Creators: name: Ozawa, Shimpei
name: Takeuchi, Shingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Famous Redheffer's inequality is generalized to a class of anti-periodic functions. We apply the novel inequality to the generalized trigonometric functions and establish several Redheffer-type inequalities for these functions.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Elastica catastrophe machine: theory, design and experiments
Creators: name: Cazzolli, Alessandro
name: Misseroni, Diego
name: Corso, Francesco Dal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory, the design and the experimental validation of a catastrophe machine based on a flexible element are addressed for the first time. A general theoretical framework is developed by extending that of the classical catastrophe machines made up of discrete elastic systems. The new formulation, based on the nonlinear solution of the elastica, is enhanced by considering the concept of the universal snap surface. Among the infinite set of elastica catastrophe machines, two families are proposed and investigated to explicitly assess their features. The related catastrophe locus is disclosed in a large variety of shapes, very different from those generated by the classical counterpart. Substantial changes in the catastrophe locus properties, such as convexity and number of bifurcation points, are achievable by tuning the design parameters of the proposed machines towards the design of very efficient snapping devices. Experiments performed on the physical realization of the elastica catastrophe machine fully validate the present theoretical approach. The developed model can find applications in mechanics at different scales, for instance, in the design of new devices involving actuation or hysteresis loop mechanisms to achieve energy harvesting, locomotion, and wave mitigation.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures
Measuring the Returns to Public Sector Crop R&D in Tanzania, 1970-99
Creators: name: Lwezaura, D. N.
name: Amadi, J. N.
name: Thirtle, C.
name: Lwezaura, D. N.
name: Amadi, J. N.
name: Thirtle, C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper is the first attempt at a Malmquist total factor productivity_(1:F P) index for maize and wheat production in Tanzania, for the period 1970-1999. Productivity grew at 1.4 % per annum, due ta improvements in efficiency of 2.5% per annum, combined with technological regression at -1 % per year over the period. An evaluation of the effectiveness of public sector R&D investment in wheat and maize productivity shows that R&D investment has had a rate of return (ROR) of between 57 and 64% for both crops aver the period.
Leadership exponent in the pursuit problem for 1-D random particles
Creators: name: Molchan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G15 (primary), 60G22 (secondary)

description: For n + 1 particles moving independently on a straight line, we study the question of how long the leading position of one of them can last. Our focus is the asymptotics of the probability p(T,n) that the leader time will exceed T when n and T are large. It is assumed that the dynamics of particles are described by independent, either stationary or self-similar, Gaussian processes, not necessarily identically distributed. Roughly, the result for particles with stationary dynamics of unit variance is as follows: L= -log p(T,n) /(Tlog n)=1/d+o(1), where d/(2pi) is the power of the zero frequency in the spectrum of the leading particle, and this value is the largest in the spectrum. Previously, in some particular models, the asymptotics of L was understood as a sequential limit first over T and then over n. For processes that do not necessarily have non-negative correlations, the limit over T may not exist. To overcome this difficulty, the growing parameters T and n are considered in the domain clog T1 . The Lamperti transform allows us to transfer the described result to self-similar processes with the normalizer of log p(T,n) becoming log T log n.
description: corrected and extended version of arxiv:2003.01550;18 pages
Chandra Phase-Resolved Spectroscopy of the Crab Pulsar
Creators: name: Weisskopf, Martin C.
name: O'Dell, Stephen L.
name: Paerels, Frits
name: Becker, Werner
name: Tennant, Allyn F.
name: Swartz, Douglas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first phase-resolved study of the X-ray spectral properties of the Crab Pulsar that covers all pulse phases. The superb angular resolution of the Chandra X-ray Observatory enables distinguishing the pulsar from the surrounding nebulosity, even at pulse minimum. Analysis of the pulse-averaged spectrum measures interstellar X-ray extinction due primarily to photoelectric absorption and secondarily to scattering by dust grains in the direction of the Crab Nebula. We confirm previous findings that the line-of-sight to the Crab is underabundant in oxygen, although more-so than recently measured. Using the abundances and cross sections from Wilms, Allen & McCray (2000) we find [O/H] = (3.33 +/-0.25) x 10**-4. Analysis of the spectrum as a function of pulse phase measures the low-energy X-ray spectral index even at pulse minimum -- albeit with large statistical uncertainty -- and we find marginal evidence for variations of the spectral index. The data are also used to set a new (3-sigma) upper limit to the temperature of the neutron star of log T(infinity) < 6.30.
description: 20 Pages including 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
MarcelBigger/demo-repo-today: v1.0
Creators: name: Bigger, Marcel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: What's Changed add some demo notes to branch example-1 by @MarcelBigger in https://github.com/MarcelBigger/demo-repo-today/pull/1 New Contributors @MarcelBigger made their first contribution in https://github.com/MarcelBigger/demo-repo-today/pull/1 Full Changelog: https://github.com/MarcelBigger/demo-repo-today/commits/v1.0
Hoe Efficient are African Smallholders? A Case Study in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Creators: name: Ngqangweni, S. S.
name: Kirsten, J. F.
name: Degado, C. L.
name: Ngqangweni, S. S.
name: Kirsten, J. F.
name: Degado, C. L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: One of the aims of the South African government is to create higher income opportunities for the previously disadvantaged black community. In agriculture, this would involve reestablishing and supporting diverse forms of successful black agriculture. The main objective of this paper is to debate the issue of opportunity cost assumptions in the calculation of comparative advantage indicators for smallholders. This study reveals that these farmers can produce efficiently, even when subjected to opportunity cost assumptions that apply to their traditionally white commercial counterparts. Given additional prospects for strong linkages with the rest of the rural economy, speedy implementation of public investment programmes is warranted so as to level the playing field in the agricultural and rural economy
title: Linguistic Landscape: A Case Study of Signs in Major Transport Hubs in Thailand
Creators: name: Ngampramuan, Wipapan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2010

description: This research paper is about linguistic landscape centred on the role of English as a global language for wider communication by Thai people in three major transport hubs in Thailand as case studies. Based on Kachru’s (1989) concentric circle model, Thailand is regarded as one of the Expanding Circle countries where English is taught and learnt as a foreign language, although English seems to play an increasingly important communication role across the country. This research investigates signs at Suvamabhumi airport in Samut Prakam, Don Muang airport in Bangkok and Barommaratchachonnani bus terminal, known as Southern bus terminal, in Bangkok as case studies to find out the role of English as a foreign language on Thai signs. Methodologically, the research is used quantitative methods for presenting results, while qualitative methods are used to inform the broadly sociolinguistic data analysis approach. The signs are categorised based on 1) the sense of ownership, namely, official and commercial to see the leading roles of Thai and English languages and on both official signs and commercial signs, 2) the purpose of use, namely, information and advertising to see which language is frequently used for giving information and for advertisement, and 3) the languages they display, namely, monolingual, bilingual, trilingual and multilingual to see the role of foreign language(s) on Thai signs in these transport hubs. The results point to two key issues, firstly, that English is becoming a dominant foreign language on signs in the main transport hubs in Thailand and, secondly, that the existence of English on signs is associated with the intended target audience and the number of international visitors at each data collection site.
Pachycerianthus Roule 1904
Creators: name: Stampar, Sérgio N.
name: Mills, V. Sadie
name: Keable, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Ceriantharia
Cerianthidae
Pachycerianthus

description: Genus Pachycerianthus Roule, 1904
 Type species. Pachycerianthus multiplicatus Carlgren, 1912 (see details in Kelly & Keegan, 2000).
 Diagnosis (sensu Arai, 1965). Cerianthidae with second couple of protomesenteries short and sterile. Arrangement of mesenteries in each quartette M,B,m,b (1,3,2,4), more or less distinct.
 Distribution. This genus is distributed worldwide.
description: Published as part of Stampar, Sérgio N., Mills, V. Sadie & Keable, Stephen J., 2020, Ceriantharia (Cnidaria) from Australia, New Zealand and Antarctica with Descriptions of Four New Species, pp. 81-100 in Records of the Australian Museum 72 (3) on page 83, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.72.2020.1762, http://zenodo.org/record/4654407
An Investigation into Implementing a Campus-Wide Styrofoam Recycling Program
Creators: name: Bharaj, Jennie
name: Jiwa, Alim
name: Patikiriarachchi, Sanduni
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Suppression of superconductivity by non-magnetic disorder in the organic superconductor (TMTSF)2(ClO4)(1-x)(ReO4)x
Creators: name: Joo, Nada
name: Auban-Senzier, Pascale
name: Pasquier, Claude
name: Monod, Philippe
name: Jerome, Denis
name: Bechgaard, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the superconducting properties (Tc and Hc2) in the solid solution (TMTSF)2(ClO4)(1-x)(ReO4)x with a ReO-4 nominal concentration up to x = 6%. The dramatic suppression of Tc when the residual resistivity is increased upon alloying with no modification of the Fermi surface is the signature of non-conventional superconductivity . This behaviour strongly supports p or d wave pairing in quasi one dimensional organic superconductors. The determination of the electron lifetime in the normal state at low temperature confirms that a single particle Drude model is unable to explain the temperature dependence of the conductivity and that a very narrow zero frequency mode must be taken into account for the interpretation of the transport properties.
description: Received 26 January 2004 / Received in final form 17 June 2004 / Published online 3 August 2004
Institutional Transformation of Small-Scale Irrigation Farming in South Africa
Creators: name: Hedden-Dunkhorst, B.
name: Mathonzi, T. M.
name: Mphahlele, E. R.
name: Hedden-Dunkhorst, B.
name: Mathonzi, T. M.
name: Mphahlele, E. R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Farm Management

description: The paper outlines recent developments in small-scale irrigation fanning in South Africa, particularly in terms of various institutional changes. In an attempt to put the South African situation in a broader context, institutional arrangements related to credit provision to small­-scale farmers in Ghana, Tanzania and Pakistan are described. For two case studies from South Africa, regression models are used to estimate the impact of credit, extension and land tenure arrangements on small-scale farmers' net income. The findings confirm the positive impact of access to institutions on farmers' performance. We conclude by stressing the importance of institutions in small-scale irrigation fanning and suggest that more emphasis should be put on the development of effective institutions in policy, program implementation and research.
Electric heating and angular momentum transport in laminar models of protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Béthune, William
name: Latter, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vertical temperature structure of a protoplanetary disk bears on several processes relevant to planet formation, such as gas and dust grain chemistry, ice lines and convection. The temperature profile is controlled by irradiation from the central star and by any internal source of heat such as might arise from gas accretion. We investigate the heat and angular momentum transport generated by the resistive dissipation of magnetic fields in laminar disks. We use local one-dimensional simulations to obtain vertical temperature profiles for typical conditions in the inner disk (0.5 to 4 au). Using simple assumptions for the gas ionization and opacity, the heating and cooling rates are computed self-consistently in the framework of radiative non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics. We characterize steady solutions that are symmetric about the midplane and which may be associated with saturated Hall-shear unstable modes. We also examine the dissipation of electric currents driven by global accretion-ejection structures. In both cases we obtain significant heating for a sufficiently high opacity. Strong magnetic fields can induce an order-unity temperature increase in the disk midplane, a convectively unstable entropy profile, and a surface emissivity equivalent to a viscous heating of $α\sim 10^{-2}$. These results show how magnetic fields may drive efficient accretion and heating in weakly ionized disks where turbulence might be inefficient, at least for a range of radii and ages of the disk.
description: 19 pages, 21 figures, published in MNRAS; the previous version used an incorrect gas density to compute the opacity (2.5x lower than indicated) and ionization fraction
Description of the asymmetric to symmetric fission transition in the neutron-deficient Thoriums -- Role of the tensor force
Creators: name: Bernard, Remi
name: Pillet, Nathalie
name: Robledo, Luis
name: Anguiano, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present study, we have investigated the impact of the tensor force on fission paths, in particular the symmetric and asymmetric barriers in 230 Th, 226 Th, 222 Th and 216 Th isotopes which display an asymmetric to symmetric fission transition. This analysis has been performed within the HFB approach with (Q 20 ,Q 30 ,Q 40 ) as collective variable constraints, using the D1ST2a Gogny+tensor term interaction and comparing to the standard D1S Gogny interaction results. The effects from the tensor term on the potential energy surface landscape, and especially on barrier heights and its topology by opening a new valley in agreement with experimental data, are found to be crucial in the description of exotic actinide fission. We conclude that a tensor term should be integrated to the long range part of the effective interaction for a better description of the fission.
description: 24 pages, accepted in Phys. Rev. C
RNA knockdown by synthetic peptidyl-oligonucleotide ribonucleases: behavior of recognition and cleavage elements under physiological conditions
Creators: name: Mengisteab Gebrezgiabher
name: Zalloum, Waleed A.
name: Clarke, David J.
name: Miles, Steven M.
name: Fedorova, Antonina A.
name: Zenkova, Marina A.
name: Bichenkova, Elena V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Sequence-specific protein-based ribonucleases are not found in nature. Absolute sequence selectivity in RNA cleavage in vivo normally requires multi-component complexes that recruit a guide RNA or DNA for target recognition and a protein–RNA assembly for catalytic functioning (e.g. RNAi molecular machinery, RNase H). Recently discovered peptidyl-oligonucleotide synthetic ribonucleases selectively knock down pathogenic RNAs by irreversible cleavage to offer unprecedented opportunities for control of disease-relevant RNA. Understanding how to increase their potency, selectivity and catalytic turnover will open the translational pathway to successful therapeutics. Yet, very little is known about how these chemical ribonucleases bind, cleave and leave their target. Rational design awaits this understanding in order to control therapy, particularly how to overcome the trade-off between sequence specificity and potency through catalytic turnover. We illuminate this here by characterizing the interactions of these chemical RNases with both complementary and non-complementary RNAs using Tm profiles, fluorescence, UV-visible and NMR spectroscopies. Crucially, the level of counter cations, which are tightly-controlled within cellular compartments, also controlled these interactions. The oligonucleotide component dominated interaction between conjugates and complementary targets in the presence of physiological levels of counter cations (K+), sufficient to prevent repulsion between the complementary nucleic acid strands to allow Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding. In contrast, the positively-charged catalytic peptide interacted poorly with target RNA, when counter cations similarly screened the negatively-charged sugar-phosphate RNA backbones. The peptide only became the key player, when counter cations were insufficient for charge screening; moreover, only under such non-physiological conditions did conjugates form strong complexes with non-complementary RNAs.
Ankersquilla Ahyong & Porter & Caldwell 2020, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Porter, Megan L.
name: Caldwell, Roy L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Stomatopoda
Eurysquillidae
Ankersquilla

description: Ankersquilla gen. nov.
http: //zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 3724004A-0FF7-41CC-8CB3-6A213641E825
 Type species. Ankersuilla pardus sp. nov.
 Diagnosis. Cornea bilobed, set transversely on stalk, with 6 mid-band rows of ommatidia. Rostral plate simple, apex rounded. Antennular somite not elongated, shorter than twice length of rostral plate. Raptorial claw dactylus with 3 teeth on occlusal margin; propodus occlusal margin fully pectinate; carpus with single dorsal spine. Pleopod 1 endopod with lateral lobe on distal ‘endite’. Body dorsoventrally flattened. Abdominal somites 5–6, telson and proximal surface of uropodal protopod densely spinose, obscuring dorsal sculpture. Telson transversely ovate, wider than long, primary spines short, acute, dorsal outline obscured by dorsal spination of telson; submedian denticles absent; intermediate and lateral denticles without dorsal lobe. Uropodal protopod inner primary spine longer than outer; inner margin spinose.
 Etymology. Named after Arthur Anker, our friend and colleague who collected the type material. Gender: feminine.
description: Published as part of Ahyong, Shane T., Porter, Megan L. & Caldwell, Roy L., 2020, The Leopard Mantis Shrimp, Ankersquilla pardus, a New Genus and Species of Eurysquillid from Indo-West Pacific Coral Reefs, pp. 1-8 in Records of the Australian Museum 72 (1) on page 2, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.72.2020.1758, http://zenodo.org/record/4654284
Supplementary Material for ESCMID 2025 Scientific Presentations
Creators: name: Fadel, Suki
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Congress materials may include information for investigational products or for which the product is not approved and/or inconsistent with the product uses described in the Prescribing Information. Regulatory approval of investigational products or uses is dependent on the completion of the study programs and review by regulatory authorities. Pfizer does not suggest or recommend the use of Pfizer Products in any manner other than as described in the Prescribing Information. The clinical trial information is available at www.clinicaltrials.gov. This information is current as of February 2025.
The Social Benefits of Land Redistribution in South Africa: Case Studies
Creators: name: Bonti-Ankomah, S.
name: Bonti-Ankomah, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper ascertains the feasibility of transferring land to potential beneficiary households. It looks at the cost and benefits of land transfer in three selected case studies in Mpumalanga. The results indicate that it is socially beneficial to transfer land in all the case studies. The net present values were all significant but sensitive to changes in product price, input prices and the discount rate. Although the analysis shows negative net present values for the state, the positive net present value for the potential beneficiaries and the rest of society far outweighs the cost to the state. The paper concludes that transfer of land to potential beneficiaries in the three case studies will significantly reduce the level of poverty among the potential beneficiaries and improve their livelihoods. If it is in the interest of the state to alleviate poverty, particularly in rural areas, then land reform should be taken seriously.
Axial Anomaly and Index of the Overlap Hypercube Operator
Creators: name: Adams, David H.
name: Bietenholz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overlap hypercube fermion is constructed by inserting a lattice fermion with hypercubic couplings into the overlap formula. One obtains an exact Ginsparg-Wilson fermion, which is more complicated than the standard overlap fermion, but which has improved practical properties and is of current interest for use in numerical simulations. Here we deal with conceptual aspects of the overlap hypercube Dirac operator. Specifically, we evaluate the axial anomaly and the index, demonstrating that the correct classical continuum limit is recovered. Our derivation is non-perturbative and therefore valid in all topological sectors. At the non-perturbative level this result had previously only been shown for the standard overlap Dirac operator with Wilson kernel. The new techniques which we develop to accomplish this are of a general nature and have the potential to be extended to overlap Dirac operators with even more general kernels.
description: 21 pages, no figures, final version to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
CBIR using features derived by Deep Learning
Creators: name: Maji, Subhadip
name: Bose, Smarajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) System, the task is to retrieve similar images from a large database given a query image. The usual procedure is to extract some useful features from the query image, and retrieve images which have similar set of features. For this purpose, a suitable similarity measure is chosen, and images with high similarity scores are retrieved. Naturally the choice of these features play a very important role in the success of this system, and high level features are required to reduce the semantic gap. In this paper, we propose to use features derived from pre-trained network models from a deep-learning convolution network trained for a large image classification problem. This approach appears to produce vastly superior results for a variety of databases, and it outperforms many contemporary CBIR systems. We analyse the retrieval time of the method, and also propose a pre-clustering of the database based on the above-mentioned features which yields comparable results in a much shorter time in most of the cases.
description: 18 pages, 31 figures
The range of multiplicative functions on C[x], R[x] and Z[x]
Creators: name: Sinclair, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83 (primary), 11J71, 37A45, 60G10 (secondary)

description: Mahler's measure is generalized to create the class of {\it multiplicative distance functions}. These functions measure the complexity of polynomials based on the location of their zeros in the complex plane. Following work of S.-J. Chern and J. Vaaler in \cite{chern-vaaler}, we associate to each multiplicative distance function two families of analytic functions which encode information about its range on \C[x] and \R[x]. These {\it moment functions} are Mellin transforms of distribution functions associated to the multiplicative distance function and demonstrate a great deal of arithmetic structure. For instance, we show that the moment function associated to Mahler's measure restricted to real reciprocal polynomials of degree 2N has an analytic continuation to rational functions with rational coefficients, simple poles at integers between -N and N, and a zero of multiplicity 2N at the origin. This discovery leads to asymptotic estimates for the number of reciprocal integer polynomials of fixed degree with Mahler measure less than T as $T \to \infty$. To explain the structure of this moment functions we show that the real moment functions of a multiplicative distance function can be written as Pfaffians of antisymmetric matrices formed from a skew-symmetric bilinear form associated to the multiplicative distance function.
description: 41 pages, 2 figures. To be published in Proc. London Math. Soc. This revision includes a change of the title, minor changes suggested by the referee and a change in format consistent with the journal
Positive correlation between transcriptomic stemness and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling scores in breast cancer, and a counterintuitive relationship with PIK3CA genotype.
Creators: name: Madsen, Ralitsa R
name: Erickson, Emily C
name: Rueda Palacio, Oscar
name: Robin, Xavier
name: Caldas, Carlos
name: Toker, Alex
name: Semple, Robert K
name: Vanhaesebroeck, Bart
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Medicine and health sciences
Biology and life sciences
Research and analysis methods

description: Funder: pten research foundation
description: Funder: cancer research uk; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000289
description: A PI3Kα-selective inhibitor has recently been approved for use in breast tumors harboring mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding p110α. Preclinical studies have suggested that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway influences stemness, a dedifferentiation-related cellular phenotype associated with aggressive cancer. However, to date, no direct evidence for such a correlation has been demonstrated in human tumors. In two independent human breast cancer cohorts, encompassing nearly 3,000 tumor samples, transcriptional footprint-based analysis uncovered a positive linear association between transcriptionally-inferred PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling scores and stemness scores. Unexpectedly, stratification of tumors according to PIK3CA genotype revealed a "biphasic" relationship of mutant PIK3CA allele dosage with these scores. Relative to tumor samples without PIK3CA mutations, the presence of a single copy of a hotspot PIK3CA variant was associated with lower PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and stemness scores, whereas the presence of multiple copies of PIK3CA hotspot mutations correlated with higher PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and stemness scores. This observation was recapitulated in a human cell model of heterozygous and homozygous PIK3CAH1047R expression. Collectively, our analysis (1) provides evidence for a signaling strength-dependent PI3K-stemness relationship in human breast cancer; (2) supports evaluation of the potential benefit of patient stratification based on a combination of conventional PI3K pathway genetic information with transcriptomic indices of PI3K signaling activation.
Towards Institutional Arrangements to Ensure Optimal Allocation and Security of South Africa's Water Resources
Creators: name: Gakpo, E. F. Y.
name: Du Plessis, L. A.
name: Viljoen, M. F.
name: Gakpo, E. F. Y.
name: Du Plessis, L. A.
name: Viljoen, M. F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Public Economics

description: The ever-increasing pressure on the nation's water resources challenges water management institutions to be constantly changing in order to serve the changing needs. The institutional development of the water industry had been characterised by restrictions and inequitable distribution hence inefficient use of water from a total welfare perspective. The current institutional arrangement since the new democratic dispensation makes ample provisions to correct the deficiencies of the past. Despite the progress, water allocation is still supply-side dominated, the Minister holds the power, decision support and management tools are lacking or inadequate to help the proposed CMAs and WUAs to allocate water optimally and efficiently. In an effort to close this gap, an alternative institutional framework, Capacity Sharing (CS), to augment the current institutional arrangement is therefore proposed to address such issues. A strategy to drive water a/location through efficient pricing hence achieving water security under CS is suggested.
Lung function in oil spill responders 4-6 years after the Deepwater Horizon disaster
Creators: name: Lawrence, Kaitlyn G.
name: Keil, Alexander P.
name: Garantziotis, Stavros
name: Umbach, David M.
name: Stewart, Patricia A.
name: Stenzel, Mark R.
name: McGrath, John A.
name: W. Braxton Jackson
name: Kwok, Richard K.
name: Curry, Matthew D.
name: Engel, Lawrence S.
name: Sandler, Dale P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Oil spill response and clean-up (OSRC) workers were exposed to hazardous airborne chemicals following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster. The aim of this study was to evaluate lung function in workers 4–6 years following the disaster using a prospective cohort. Participants who completed two spirometry test sessions 1–3 years, and 4–6 years after the spill (N = 1,838) were included and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1; ml), forced vital capacity (FVC; ml), and ratio (FEV1/FVC; %) determined. Linear mixed models were utilized to estimate relationships between OSRC exposures and lung function 4–6 years after the spill and changes since the prior measurement. Despite suggestive reduced lung function at 1–3 years, at the 4–6-year exam workers with total hydrocarbon (THC) exposure 1–2.99 ppm and ≥3 ppm compared to those with ≤0.29 ppm exhibited higher FEV1 (β: 108 ml, 95% CI: 17, 198) and (β: 118 ml, 95% CI: 5, 232), respectively. Compared with support workers, those in higher exposed jobs displayed greater improvement in FEV1 between visits: cleanup on water (β: 143 ml, 95% CI: 35, 250), operations (β: 132 ml, 95% CI: 30, 234) and response (β: 149 ml, 95% CI: 43, 256). Greater FEV1 improvement was also associated with higher versus the lowest level THC exposure: 1–2.99 ppm (β: 134 ml, 95% CI: 57, 210) and ≥3 ppm (β: 205 ml, 95% CI: 109, 301). Lung function decrements seen shortly after the spill were no longer apparent 4–6 years later, with the greatest improvement among those with the highest exposures.
The Need for Agricultural Information and Data: Researchers and Policy Makers
Creators: name: Frick, A.
name: Groenewald, J. A.
name: Frick, A.
name: Groenewald, J. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
International Relations/Trade
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Mail surveys were used to analyse the needs of policy makers and researchers of agricultural information and data. A 56% response was achieved with the policy makers. Policy makers showed a high degree of interest in information and data concerning imports and exports, yields, volume of production, producers' prices, stocks and areas planted annually to field crops. In terms of horticultural crops, volume of production, quantities and value of trade and areas of annual crops are required by most. These statistics are mostly desired quarterly. The livestock statistics desired by most policy makers involve quantities and value of imports and exports, abattoir slaughter volumes and producer prices, mostly monthly. Policy makers also express interest in forecasts of the important crops and livestock. In terms of basic statistics, policy makers showed interest in information on marketing methods and income from farm activities. Scant interest was shown for data regarding employment. A disappointing response rate of 28% was obtained from researchers. Among those who responded, there was a high level of interest in statistics concerning planted areas, imports and exports, producer prices, volume of production, consumer prices, yields and areas harvested of field crops. Researchers showed a lower level of interest in horticultural crops. In the case of livestock, interest centred mainly on livestock numbers, imports and exports, producer prices and costs of production, mostly on an annual basis. The only basic statistics for which over 60% of the researchers showed much interest, was the income from farming activities.
Grass Roots Development Strategy with Local Development Organizations
Creators: name: Malizia, Emil E.
name: Rubin, Sarah
name: Malizia, Emil E.
name: Rubin, Sarah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Small cities and rural areas have few guidelines on how to organize and plan for local development without large infusions of outside money. This article may help change that situation. The authors identify characteristics of successful local development organizations, their strategies, and how State government can help. Their findings and examples are based on interviews with State officials, local development organization staffs, and business development consultants.
CACTUS: A depleted monolithic active timing sensor using a CMOS radiation hard technology
Creators: name: Degerli, Yavuz
name: Guilloux, Fabrice
name: Guyot, Claude
name: Meyer, Jean-Pierre
name: Ouraou, Ahmimed
name: Schwemling, Philippe
name: Apresyan, Artur
name: Heller, Ryan E.
name: Meraj, Mohd
name: Pena, Christian
name: Xie, Si
name: Hemperek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The planned luminosity increase at the Large Hadron Collider in the coming years has triggered interest in the use of the particles' time of arrival as additional information in specialized detectors to mitigate the impact of pile-up. The required time resolution is of the order of tens of picoseconds, with a spatial granularity of the order of 1 mm. A time measurement at this precision level will also be of interest beyond the LHC and beyond high energy particle physics. We present in this paper the first developments towards a radiation hard Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (DMAPS), with high-resolution time measurement capability. The technology chosen is a standard high voltage CMOS process, in conjunction with a high resistivity detector material, which has already proven to efficiently detect particles in tracking applications after several hundred of Mrad of irradiation.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
title: Scribe Marks at Fuselage Joints: Determination of Residual Stress and Effects of Fatigue Loading Using Nanoindentation and Snychrotron X-Ray Diffraction
Creators: name: Khan, Muhahmmad Kashif
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2010

description: Empirical understanding of fatigue crack growth from small defects is of tremendous importance and of significant concern for structural integrity of aerospace structures. In fatigue, a crack initiates from a stress concentration location and causes premature failure. In principle fatigue life for scribes and scratches is function of the stress concentration around the root which depends upon the depth and root radius of the scribe, the associated microstructure, the residual stress field, work hardening from plastic deformation during scribing and relaxation or redistribution of these residual stresses in fatigue. The scope of the present work is on determination of the residual stress field around scribe marks of different geometries and the effect of fatigue loading on the residual stress field. The determination of a local residual stress field in a small area of 100 μm x 100 μm around shallow scribes (<150 μm deep) is a very challenging engineering problem. Additionally, the large grain size of A1 2024-T351 (-20 μm), anisotropy between grains and texture makes further difficulties. The residual stress field associated with scribes of different geometries produced by different tools has been measured using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. It was found that some tools produce a severe tensile stress field and work hardening around the root of scribe as compared to the other tools which also produce a tensile residual stress field but without work hardening. Additionally, a method of extraction of residual stress has been developed using the nanoindentation load-displacement data. The method has been applied to extract residual stresses while taking into account the plastic deformation around scribe roots. The residual stress field of twenty nine scribes of different geometries produced from different tools has been determined from the nanoindentation method. Depending upon the tool and root radius, residual stresses were different in magnitude and were found in the range of +100MPa to +200MPa. The effect of fatigue loading on the relaxation of pre-existing residual stresses was studied. It was found that stress field around scribes is not affected by fatigue loading. It was concluded that fatigue life of these scribes should be examined with consideration of residual stresses. Any crack initiation and propagation model without consideration of residual stress fields may predict more conservative lives in fatigue.
Properties of Gutzwiller wave-functions for multi-band models
Creators: name: Attaccalite, Claudio
name: Fabrizio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Mott transition in multi-band Hubbard models with the inclusion of multiplet exchange splittings as it arises in infinite dimensions by using the generalized Gutzwiller wave-function introduced by Bünemann, Weber and Gebhard [Phys. Rev. B 57, 6896 (1998)]. We also present an extension of that variational wave-function to account for broken-symmetry phases, which still allows an exact analytical treatment. Our analysis reveals some drawbacks of the variational wave-function, which, in our opinion, imply that Gutzwiller-type of wave-functions do not properly capture quasi-particle properties close to a Mott transition.
description: 29 pages