cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Depolarization of backscattered linearly polarized light
Creators: name: Rojas-Ochoa, L. F.
name: Lacoste, D.
name: Lenke, R.
name: Schurtenberger, P.
name: Scheffold, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a quantitative description of backscattered linearly polarized light using an extended photon diffusion formalism taking explicitly into account the scattering anisotropy parameter g of the medium. From diffusing wave spectroscopy measurements the characteristic depolarization length for linearly polarized light is deduced. We investigate the dependance of this length on the scattering anisotropy parameter g spanning an extended range from -1 (backscattering) to 1 (forward scattering). Good agreement is found with Monte Carlo simulations of multiply scattered light.
SU(4) Chiral Quark Model with Configuration Mixing
Creators: name: Dahiya, Harleen
name: Gupta, Manmohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral quark model with configuration mixing and broken SU(3)\times U(1) symmetry has been extended to include the contribution from c\bar c fluctuations by considering broken SU(4) instead of SU(3). The implications of such a model have been studied for quark flavor and spin distribution functions corresponding to E866 and the NMC data. The predicted parameters regarding the charm spin distribution functions, for example, Δc, \frac{Δc}{ΔΣ}, \frac{Δc}{c} as well as the charm quark distribution functions, for example, \bar c, \frac{2\bar c}{(\bar u+\bar d)}, \frac{2 \bar c}{(u+d)} and \frac{(c+ \bar c)}{\sum (q+\bar q)} are in agreement with other similar calculations. Specifically, we find Δc=-0.009, \frac{Δc}{ΔΣ}=-0.02, \bar c=0.03 and \frac{(c+ \bar c)}{\sum (q+\bar q)}=0.02 for the \chiQM parameters a=0.1, α=0.4, β=0.7, ζ_{E866}=-1-2 β, ζ_{NMC}=-2-2 βand γ=0.3, the latter appears due to the extension of SU(3) to SU(4).
description: 10 RevTeX pages. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Optimal Resource Utilization in Hyperledger Fabric: A Comprehensive SPN-Based Performance Evaluation Paradigm
Creators: name: Melo, Carlos
name: Gonçalves, Glauber
name: Silva, Francisco A.
name: Feitosa, Leonel
name: Fé, Iure
name: Soares, André
name: Choi, Eunmi
name: Nguyen, Tuan Anh
name: Min, Dugki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperledger Fabric stands as a leading framework for permissioned blockchain systems, ensuring data security and auditability for enterprise applications. As applications on this platform grow, understanding its complex configuration concerning various blockchain parameters becomes vital. These configurations significantly affect the system's performance and cost. In this research, we introduce a Stochastic Petri Net (SPN) model to analyze Hyperledger Fabric's performance, considering variations in blockchain parameters, computational resources, and transaction rates. We provide case studies to validate the utility of our model, aiding blockchain administrators in determining optimal configurations for their applications. A key observation from our model highlights the block size's role in system response time. We noted an increased mean response time, between 1 to 25 seconds, due to variations in transaction arrival rates.
Rural America At A Glance, 2012 Edition
Creators: name: Kusmin, Lorin D.
name: Kusmin, Lorin D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Rural indicators
subject: population
subject: employment
subject: rural unemployment
subject: nonmetropolitan
subject: nonmetro
subject: rural economy
subject: metro
subject: rural America
subject: census data
subject: population growth
subject: poverty
subject: recession
subject: demographics

description: Rural America At A Glance, 2012 Edition highlights the most recent indicators of social and economic conditions in rural areas for use in developing policies and programs to assist rural areas. This year's edition focuses on the U.S. rural economy, including employment trends, poverty, and population trends.
Deciphering Lyman $α$ blob 1 with deep MUSE observations
Creators: name: Herenz, Edmund Christian
name: Hayes, Matthew
name: Scarlata, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Lyman $α$ blobs (LABs) are large-scale radio-quiet Lyman $α$ (Ly$α$) nebula at high-$z$ that occur predominantly in overdense proto-cluster regions. Especially the prototypical SSA22a-LAB1 at $z=3.1$ has become an observational reference for LABs across the electromagnetic spectrum. Aims: We want to understand the powering mechanisms that drive the LAB to gain empirical insights into galaxy formation processes within a rare dense environment at high-$z$. Methods: LAB 1 was observed for 17.5h with the VLT/MUSE integral-field spectrograph. We produced optimally extracted narrow band images in Ly$α$ $\lambda1216$ and HeII $\lambda1640$. By using a moment based analysis we mapped the kinematics of the blob. Results: We detect Ly$α$ emission to surface-brightness limits of $10^{-19}$erg s$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$arcsec$^{-2}$. At this depth we reveal a bridge between LAB 1 and its northern neighbour LAB 8, as well as a shell-like filament towards the south of LAB 1. We find a coherent large scale east-west $\sim$1000 km s$^{-1}$ velocity gradient that is aligned perpendicular to the major axis of the blob. We detect HeII emission in three distinct regions, but we can only provide upper limits for CIV. Conclusions: Various gas excitation mechanisms are at play in LAB 1: Ionising radiation and feedback effects dominate near the embedded galaxies, while Ly$α$ scattering is contributing at larger distances. However, HeII/Ly$α$ ratios combined with upper limits on CIV/Ly$α$ can not discriminate between AGN ionisation and feedback driven shocks. The alignment of the angular momentum vector parallel to the morphological principal axis appears odds with the predicted norm for high-mass halos, but likely reflects that LAB\,1 resides at a node of multiple intersecting filaments of the cosmic web. (Abridged)
description: Revised version. Accepted for publication in A&A
Helicenoid-based bis-1,2,3-triazole tweezer: Synthesis and selective iodide sensing
Creators: name: Siddharth B. Kamble
name: Gawade, Prashant M.
name: Purav M. Badani
name: Karnik, Anil V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Novel helicenoid based 1,2,3-triazole tweezer 4 was synthesized using a multistep synthetic protocol with high yields from 2,7-Dihydroxynaphtlene 3 as a precursor. This helicenoid-based bis-1,2,3-triazole tweezer 4 selectively causes non-covalent interaction with iodide anion. The UV-vis absorption exhibited enhancement while fluorescence spectra exhibited significant quenching. 1H NMR titration showed shift of 1,2,3-triazole C-H signal with an increase in iodide concentration. Association constant of 3.818 × 104 M−1 was recorded for the host interaction with iodide ions. This value of association constant for iodide sensing using 1,2,3-triazole is the best reported so far for hosts with 1,2,3-triazole moiety and suggests that the helicenoid geometry is responsible for this remarkable behavior.
Assessing Potential Technical Enhancements to the U.S. Household Food Security Measures
Creators: name: Nord, Mark
name: Nord, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: food security
subject: food security measurements
subject: food insecurity
subject: Rasch model
subject: item response theory

description: The statistical measures used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture since 1995 to monitor the food security of the Nation’s households—the extent to which they can consistently acquire adequate food for active healthy living—are based on a single-parameter logistic latent-trait measurement model (the Rasch model). A panel convened, at USDA’s request, by the Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) of the National Academies in 2003-06 recommended that USDA explore five potential technical enhancements to that model. USDA has adopted one CNSTAT panel recommendation, which corrects the methods used to model the frequency-of-occurrence followup questions in the food security scale. This study examines the implications of that change and assesses the other four potential enhancements and the extent to which they would affect USDA’s published food security statistics. The study findings suggest that introducing the more complex statistical models would improve measurement of food security little, if at all, while making results and methods more difficult to explain to policy officials and the public.
THE FEED ADDITIVES EFFECTIVENESS FOR THE FIRST-BORN COWS IN ORDER TO PREVENT KETOSIS AND MASTITIS
Creators: name: Ovsiienko, S.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: milk thistle
acanthus thistle
first-born cows
ketosis
mastitis
productivity.

description: The article highlights the research results on the effectiveness of feed additives additionally introduced into the diets of heifers who were nine months pregnant and first-born cows up to 1.0 kg per head per day in the form of pellets to create conditions for physiological prevention of ketosis and mastitis. It was found that the level of ketone bodies did not exceed the reference value on the 21st day after calving and was by 21.8 and 20.2% lower in the second and third experimental groups compared with the control. In addition, the use of feed additives in the feeding of first-born cows prevent the development of ketosis in the body of first-born cows and udder pathology, i.e., mastitis. The productive effect of dietary feed on milk synthesis for a period of 42 days in first-born cows, it was found that feeding feed additives had a positive effect on milk productivity, physical and chemical composition of milk.
Hiring in the substance use disorder treatment related sector during the first five years of Medicaid expansion
Creators: name: Scrivner, Olga
name: Nguyen, Thuy
name: Simon, Kosali
name: Middaugh, Esmé
name: Taska, Bledi
name: Börner, Katy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Effective treatment strategies exist for substance use disorder (SUD), however severe hurdles remain in ensuring adequacy of the SUD treatment (SUDT) workforce as well as improving SUDT affordability, access and stigma. Although evidence shows recent increases in SUD medication access from expanding Medicaid availability under the Affordable Care Act, it is yet unknown whether these policies also led to a growth in the changes in the nature of hiring in SUDT related workforce, partly due to poor data availability. Our study uses novel data to shed light on recent trends in a fast-evolving and policy-relevant labor market, and contributes to understanding the current SUDT related workforce and the effect of Medicaid expansion on hiring attempts in this sector. We examine attempts over 2010-2018 at hiring in the SUDT and related behavioral health sector as background for estimating the causal effect of the 2014-and-beyond state Medicaid expansion on these outcomes through "difference-in-difference" econometric models. We use Burning Glass Technologies (BGT) data covering virtually all U.S. job postings by employers. Nationally, we find little growth in the sector's hiring attempts in 2010-2018 relative to the rest of the economy or to health care as a whole. However, this masks diverging trends in subsectors, which saw reduction in hospital based hiring attempts, increases towards outpatient facilities, and changes in occupational hiring demand shifting from medical personnel towards counselors and social workers. Although Medicaid expansion did not lead to any statistically significant or meaningful change in overall hiring attempts, there was a shift in the hiring landscape.
description: 7 figures, 20 pages
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking on the Brane
Creators: name: Brax, Ph.
name: Chatillon, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the low energy description of five dimensional models of supergravity with boundaries comprising a vector multiplet and the universal hypermultiplet in the bulk. We analyse the spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry induced by the vacuum expectation value of superpotentials on the boundary branes. When supersymmetry is broken, the moduli corresponding to the radion, the zero mode of the vector multiplet scalar field and the dilaton develop a potential in the effective action. We compute the resulting soft breaking terms and give some indications on the features of the corresponding particle spectrum. We consider some of the possible phenomenological implications when supersymmetry is broken on the hidden brane.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, final version, two appendices added and typos corrected
Multi-scale simulations of electron and ion dynamics in self-irradiated silicon
Creators: name: Lee, Cheng-Wei
name: Stewart, James A.
name: Foiles, Stephen M.
name: Dingreville, Rémi
name: Schleife, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of energetic ions with the electronic and ionic system of target materials is an interesting but challenging multi-scale problem and understanding of the early stages after impact of heavy, initially charged ions is particularly poor. At the same time, energy deposition during these early stages determines later formation of damage cascades. We address the multi-scale character by combining real-time time-dependent density functional theory for electron dynamics with molecular dynamics simulations of damage cascades. Our first-principles simulations prove that core electrons affect electronic stopping and have an unexpected influence on the charge state of the projectile. We show that this effect is absent for light projectiles, but dominates the stopping physics for heavy projectiles. By parameterizing an inelastic energy loss friction term in the molecular dynamics simulations using our first-principles results, we also show a qualitative influence of electronic stopping physics on radiation-damage cascades.
description: 9 figures
Relativistic theory of inverse beta-decay of polarized neutron in strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Shinkevich, Sergey
name: Studenikin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic theory of the inverse beta-decay of polarized neutron, $ν_{e} + n \to p + e ^{-}$, in strong magnetic field is developed. For the proton wave function we use the exact solution of the Dirac equation in the magnetic filed that enables us to account exactly for effects of the proton momentum quantization in the magnetic field and also for the proton recoil motion. The effect of nucleons anomalous magnetic moments in strong magnetic fields is also discussed. We examine the cross section for different energies and directions of propagation of the initial neutrino accounting for neutrons polarization. It is shown that in the super-strong magnetic field the totally polarized neutron matter is transparent for neutrinos propagating antiparallel to the direction of polarization. The developed relativistic approach can be used for calculations of cross sections of the other URCA processes in strong magnetic fields.
description: 41 pages in LaTex including 11 figures in PostScript, discussion on nucleons AMM interaction with magnetic field is added
title: Systematic Development Approach for a Hybrid Electric Powertrain Using Fuel-Cell-in-the-Loop Test Methodology
Creators: name: Steindl, Christoph
name: Hofmann, Peter
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hybrid Electric Powertrain
PEM Fuel Cell
Hardware in the Loop
Test Methodology

description: A promising approach for defossilization in the transport sector is using the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as an energy converter for propulsion in combination with green hydrogen. Furthermore, hybridization can bring an additional gain in efficiency. In a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrain, including FCHEV, at least two power sources (e.g., an FC system (FCS) with a hydrogen storage system and a high-voltage battery (HVB)) provide the required propulsion power. Thus, the powertrain topology and the energy management strategy (EMS) of an FCHEV are more complex than those of a conventional powertrain. To ensure a cost- and time-efficient development process, the FCHEV powertrain concept and its functions must be verified and evaluated early. To this end, this study presents the design and setup of an FC-in-the-Loop (FCiL) test platform as a tool for the systematic development of an FCHEV powertrain under realistic operating conditions. Hence, a medium size FCHEV is modeled with quasistatic sub-models of the powertrain components. The full-vehicle model is validated against measurement data of a commercially available FCHEV on a 4-wheel chassis dynamometer in a driving cycle. Based on the FCiL test methodology, the sizing of the FCS and HVB is demonstrated. It is found that for a low-load driving cycle such as the WLTC, a 110 kW FCS, and a 1.6 kWh HVB can achieve a good result regarding low hydrogen consumption. Furthermore, two different EMS schemes, the power follower strategy (PFS) and the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS), are implemented and evaluated. With the ECMS, hydrogen consumption can be reduced by 1.6 % compared to the PFS. Moreover, the trade-off behavior between minimum hydrogen consumption and reduced dynamics of the FCS is investigated. Reducing the dynamic operation of the FCS by one-third results in an additional hydrogen consumption of only about 0.8 %.
The MACHO Project Large Magellanic Cloud variable star inventory. XI. Frequency analysis of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars
Creators: name: Alcock, C.
name: Alves, D. R.
name: Becker, A.
name: Bennett, D.
name: Cook, K. H.
name: Drake, A.
name: Freeman, K.
name: Geha, M.
name: Griest, K.
name: Kovács, G.
name: Lehner, M.
name: Marshall, S.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Nelson, C.
name: Peterson, B.
name: Popowski, P.
name: Pratt, M.
name: Quinn, P.
name: Rodgers, A.
name: Stubbs, C.
name: Sutherland, W.
name: Vandehei, T.
name: Welch, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have frequency analyzed 6391 variables classified earlier as fundamental mode RR Lyrae (RR0) stars in the MACHO database on the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The overwhelming majority of these variables have been proved to be indeed RR0 stars, whereas the remaining ones have fallen in one of the following categories: single- and double-mode Cepheids, binaries, first overtone and double-mode RR Lyrae stars and non-classified variables. Special attention has been paid to the Blazhko stars. We found altogether 731 Blazhko variables showing either a doublet or an equidistant triplet pattern at the main pulsation component in their frequency spectra. The incidence rate of the Blazhko variables among the RR0 stars in the LMC is 11.9%, which is three times higher than their rate among the first overtone RR Lyrae stars. From the frequency spectra we found that variables with larger modulation amplitudes at the higher frequency side of the main pulsation component are three times more frequent than the ones showing the opposite amplitude pattern. A search made for a modulation component with the Blazhko period in the average brightness of the individual variables showed the existence of such a modulation with an overall amplitude of ~0.006 mag. On the other hand, a similar search for quadruple modulation patterns around the main pulsation component have failed to clearly detect such components at the ~0.004 mag level. This means that the amplitudes of the quadruple components should be, on the average, at least ten times smaller than those of the triplet components. This finding and the existence of Blazhko variables with highly asymmetric modulation amplitudes not only question the validity of the magnetic oblique rotator model, but also puts stringent constraints on models based on mode coupling theories.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables, to appear in ApJ (Vol. 598, November 20, 2003)
Varanus komodoensis Ouwens 1912
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Varanidae
Varanus
Varanus komodoensis

description: Varanus komodoensis Ouwens, 1912 — Erroneous.
Komodo Dragon
Singapore records.
“commodore dragon”—N. Koh, 1986: 2.
Remarks. Varanus komodoensis is endemic to four islands in Komodo National Park and one island in Flores, Indonesia (Ciofi & De Boer 2004). Koh (1986) erroneously listed it as occurring in Singapore in a newspaper article, stating that “thankfully it is rare in Singapore ”.
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. No specimens.
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
Suborder Serpentes Linnaeus, 1758 (9 species)
Family Colubridae Oppel, 1811 (7 species)
Subfamily Calamariinae Bonaparte, 1840 (2 species)
Genus Calamaria H. Boie in F. Boie, 1827 (1 species)
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on page 285, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
Silene nocturna subsp. nocturna Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Bacchetta, Gianluigi
name: Carta, Angelino
name: Paradis, Guilhan
name: Piazza, Carole
name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Silene
Silene nocturna
Silene nocturna linnaeus (1753: 416) subsp. nocturna

description: Silene nocturna Linnaeus (1753: 416) subsp. nocturna
 Type (lectotype designated by Ghafoor 1978: 91):—PENNSYLVANIA. [Silene] nocturna 4 HU [Horto Upsaliensis] [on verso:] e semine D. Kalmii ex America, Herb. Linn. No. 583.8 (LINN!).
 Specimina visa (besides those listed in Peruzzi & Carta, 2013):— FRANCE. Corsica: Grotta di u banditu (Farinole), 12 June 2013, C. Piazza s.n. (PI!, three stheets).
description: Published as part of Bacchetta, Gianluigi, Carta, Angelino, Paradis, Guilhan, Piazza, Carole & Peruzzi, Lorenzo, 2014, Further insights into the taxonomy of the Silene nocturna species complex (Caryophyllaceae): a systematic survey of the taxa from Sardinia and Corsica, pp. 37-44 in Phytotaxa 175 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5145086
An Empirical Study of Community Detection Algorithms on Social and Road Networks
Creators: name: Nawaz, Waqas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q25, 68W01, 68W40

description: Community detection in social networks is a problem with considerable interest, since, discovering communities reveals hidden information about networks. There exist many algorithms to detect inherent community structures and recently few of them are investigated on social networks. However, it is non-trivial to decide the best approach in the presence of diverse nature of graphs, in terms of density and sparsity, and inadequate analysis of the results. Therefore, in this study, we analyze and compare various algorithms to detect communities in two networks, namely social and road networks, with varying structural properties. The algorithms under consideration are evaluated with unique metrics for internal and external connectivity of communities that includes internal density, average degree, cut ratio, conductance, normalized cut, and average Jaccard Index. The evaluation results revealed key insights about selected algorithms and underlying community structures.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, The Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, https://jesc.iu.edu.sa/Main/DownloadIssue?IssueId=55&DocFileId=1424
Testing a theory of gravity in celestial mechanics: a new method and its first results for a scalar theory
Creators: name: Arminjon, Mayeul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of post-Newtonian approximation (PNA) for weak gravitational fields is presented together with its application to test an alternative, scalar theory of gravitation. The new method consists in defining a one-parameter family of systems, by applying a Newtonian similarity transformation to the initial data that defines the system of interest. This method is rigorous. Its difference with the standard PNA is emphasized. In particular, the new method predicts that the internal structure of the bodies does have an influence on the motion of the mass centers. The translational equations of motion obtained with this method in the scalar theory are adjusted in the solar system, and compared with an ephemeris based on the standard PNA of GR.
description: v2: links to quoted arXiv papers. LaTeX, 28 pages including 2 figures. This is a revised version of a lecture given at the 8th. Conf. ``Physical Interpretations of Relativity Theory'' (London, September 2002), organized by the British Society for the Philosophy of Sciences. The initial version will appear in the proceedings of that conference (M. C. Duffy, ed.)
QCD Form Factors and Hadron Helicity Non-Conservation
Creators: name: Ralston, John P.
name: Jain, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent data for the ratio $R(Q)= QF_{2}(Q^{2})/F_{1}(Q^{2})$ shocked the community by disobeying expectations held for 50 years. We examine the status of perturbative QCD predictions for helicity-flip form factors. Contrary to common belief, we find there is no rule of hadron helicity conservation for form factors. Instead the analysis yields an inequality that the leading power of helicity-flip processes may equal or exceed the power of helicity conserving processes. Numerical calculations support the rule, and extend the result to the regime of laboratory momentum transfer $Q^{2}$. Quark orbital angular momentum, an important feature of the helicity flip processes, may play a role in all form factors at large $Q^{2}$, depending on the quark wave functions.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Profit Gap Analysis on the Small Scale Production of Shallot: A Case Study in a Small Village in East Java Province of Indonesia
Creators: name: Sujarwo
name: Saghaian, Sayed H.
name: Sujarwo
name: Saghaian, Sayed H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Shallot production
subject: double-log production
subject: polynomial cost function
subject: efficient input allocation
subject: profit gap

description: This study attempts to contribute to poverty alleviation through increasing efficiency of input allocation which can raise profit of the small scale farmers without changing the technology they use. Accordingly, this study addresses the problem of allocative inefficiency and profit gap of the farmer’s shallot production. Double-log production function and polynomial cost function are applied to measure the profit gap analysis. The empirical results from double-log production function confirm that land, labor, fertilizer, and pesticide are allocated by farmers inefficiently. Furthermore, three simulations for efficient inputs allocation and profit gap analysis are taken into account based on the costs level spent by the farmers. The result shows that profit gaps are 4.72 percent, 13.96 percent and 17.92 percent for low, middle, and high input costs level, respectively.
Chemical abundances in spiral and irregular galaxies. O and N abundances derived from global emission--line spectra
Creators: name: Pilyugin, L. S.
name: Contini, T.
name: Vilchez, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of oxygen and nitrogen abundances derived from the global emission-line spectra of galaxies via the P-method has been investigated using a collection of published spectra of individual HII regions in irregular and spiral galaxies. The conclusions of Kobulnicky, Kennicutt & Pizagno (1999) that global emission-line spectra can reliably indicate the chemical properties of galaxies has been confirmed. It has been shown that the comparison of the global spectrum of a galaxy with a collection of spectra of individual HII regions can be used to distinguish high and low metallicity objects and to estimate accurate chemical abundances in a galaxy. The oxygen and nitrogen abundances in samples of UV-selected and normal nearby galaxies have been determined. It has been found that the UV-selected galaxies occupy the same area in the N/O -- O/H diagram as individual HII regions in nearby galaxies. Finally, we show that intermediate-redshift galaxies systematically deviate from the metallicity -- luminosity trend of local galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Zakat Produktif Sebagai Penggerak Ekonomi Rakyat
Creators: name: Warto A.S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 169903 Studies of Asian Society
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: In community and state life there are circles whose existence and potential are not maximized. So that it continues to be a problem that has no solution, namely the existence of the poor people whose potential is not empowered. Zakat should be a source of capital for them to move the economy, impeached from their role. There are many mistakes in understanding the meaning of zakat and misdirection in distribution. Zakat is only distributed consumptively. So that this kind of way makes the potential of the dhuafa tend to be passive and make their living conditions never change from their position as mustahiq. So this requires an effort to restore the function and role of zakat in its correct position, in accordance with the objectives of the Shari'a, namely to make the mustahiq, change, grow and develop into muzakki.
Di dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara ada kalangan yang eksistensi dan potensinya tidak dimaksimalkan. Sehingga terus menjadi persoalan yang tidak ada solusinya, yaitu eksistensi kaum dhuafa yang potensi mereka tidak diberdayakan. Zakat yang seharusnya menjadi sumber modal bagi mereka untuk menggerakkan ekonomi, dimakzulkan dari perannya. Banyak kekeliruan dalam memahami makna zakat dan salah sasaran dalam pendistribusian. Zakat hanya didistribusikan secara konsumtif. Sehingga cara semacam ini menjadikan potensi kaum dhuafa cenderung pasif dan membuat kondisi kehidupan mereka tak kunjung berubah dari posisinya sebagai mustahiq. Maka ini perlu upaya untuk mengembalikan fungsi dan peran zakat pada posisinya yang benar, sesuai tujuan syariat yaitu menjadikan para mustahiq, berubah, tumbuh dan berkembang menjadi muzakki.
Crater-ray formation through mutual collisions of hypervelocity-impact induced ejecta particles
Creators: name: Kadono, Toshihiko
name: Suzuki, Ayako I.
name: Matsumura, Rintaro
name: Naka, Junta
name: Suetsugu, Ryo
name: Kurosawa, Kosuke
name: Hasegawa, Sunao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the patterns observed in ejecta curtain induced by hypervelocity impact (2-6 km/s) with a variety of the size and shape of target particles. We characterize the patterns by an angle, defined as the ratio of the characteristic length of the pattern obtained by Fourier transformation to the distance from the impact point. This angle is found to be almost the same as that obtained by the reanalysis of the patterns in the previous study at lower impact velocities (Kadono et al., 2015, Icarus 250, 215-221), which are consistent with lunar crater-ray systems. Assuming that the pattern is formed by mutual collision of particles with fluctuation velocity in excavation flow, we evaluate an angle at which the pattern growth stops and show that this angle is the same in the order of magnitude as the ratio of the fluctuation velocity and the radial velocity. This relation is confirmed in the results of experiments and numerical simulations. Finally, we discuss the dependence of the patterns on impact conditions. The experiments show no dependence of the angle on impact velocity. This indicates that the ratio between the fluctuation and radial velocity components in excavation flow does not depend on impact velocity. Moreover, the independences on particle size and particle shape suggest that the angle characterizing the structure of the patterns does not depend on cohesive force. Since cohesive forces should be related with elastic properties of particles, the structure does not depend on elastic properties, though inelastic collisions are important for the persistence and contrast of the patterns.
description: 22 pages and 7 figures, accepted for publication in Icarus
Identifying Factor Productivity from Micro-data: The case of EU agriculture
Creators: name: Petrick, Martin
name: Kloss, Mathias
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Kloss, Mathias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Factor Productivity
subject: Factor Markets

description: The classical problem of agricultural productivity measurement has regained interest owing to recent price hikes in world food markets. At the same time, there is a new methodological debate on the appropriate identification strategies for addressing endogeneity and collinearity problems in production function estimation. We examine the plausibility of four established and innovative identification strategies for the case of agriculture and test a set of related estimators using farmlevel panel datasets from seven EU countries. The newly suggested control function and dynamic panel approaches provide attractive conceptual improvements over the received ‘within’ and duality models. Even so, empirical implementation of the conceptual sophistications built into these estimators does not always live up to expectations. This is particularly true for the dynamic panel estimator, which mostly failed to identify reasonable elasticities for the (quasi-) fixed factors. Less demanding proxy approaches represent an interesting alternative for agricultural applications. In our EU sample, we find very low shadow prices for labour, land and fixed capital across countries. The production elasticity of materials is high, so improving the availability of working capital is the most promising way to increase agricultural productivity.
Calamaria pavimentata Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril 1854
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Colubridae
Calamaria
Calamaria pavimentata

description: Calamaria pavimentata Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854 — Erroneous.
Collared Reed Snake
Singapore records.
Calamaria pavimentata —Chan-ard et al., 2015: 184.
Remarks. Chan-ard et al. (2015) listed Singapore as part of the distribution for C. pavimentata, but we are unsure where they acquired the record from since there are no publications reporting it from Singapore. The distribution of C. pavimentata covers southern Myanmar east to Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, southeastern China, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, south to central Peninsular Malaysia (Wallach et al. 2014).
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. No specimens.
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
Genus Collorhabdium Smedley, 1932 (1 species)
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on pages 285-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
Can Neutrino Mixings Arise from the Charged Lepton Sector?
Creators: name: Altarelli, Guido
name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
name: Masina, Isabella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutrino mixing matrix U is in general of the form U=U_e^+ U_nu, where U_e arises from the diagonalization of charged leptons and U_nu is from the neutrino sector. We discuss the possibility that U_nu is nearly diagonal (in the lagrangian basis) and the observed mixing arises with good accuracy from U_e. We find that the fact that, in addition to the nearly maximal atmospheric mixing angle theta_{23}, the solar angle theta_{12} is definitely also large while at the same time the third mixing angle theta_{13} is small, makes the construction of a natural model of this sort considerably more complicated. We present an example of a natural model of this class. We also find that the case that U_nu is exactly of the bimixing type is severely constrained by the bound on theta_{13} but not excluded. We show that planned experimental searches for theta_{13} could have a strong impact on bimixing models.
description: v1: 16 pages, 3 figures; v2: added references and corrected misprints
HADITS KHILAFAH DAN RELEVANSINYA DALAM KONTEKS KEINDONESIAAN
Creators: name: Warto A.S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 169903 Studies of Asian Society
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The notion of Islamic caliphate has presented various debates and discussions which continue to this day. Some people think that khilafah is an ideal form of religious and state life. However, on the other hand many argue that the Khilafah is no longer relevant to the lives of people in Indonesia. This study aims to find out how the khilafah system is in Islam? Is the khilafah part of a religion that must be practiced? Are there other options besides the Khilafah system for Muslims? To find out this it is necessary to study the Islamic literature, especially in view of the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with the Hadith approach. The results of this study indicate that in fact the text that mentions the issue of the Khilafah is uncertain about the necessity of the Khilafah model as a government system, but it is obligatory for Muslims to realize government without restricting the form of government. Besides it is obligatory for Muslims to obey their leaders. In the text of the hadith, although it is not enough for the foundation of the mandatory khilafah, but at least, enough to be a foothold ijma which requires the khilafah.
Kieslingia Faundez, Saldivia, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Saldivia, Patricio
name: Faúndez, Luis
name: Marticorena, Alicia
name: Panero, José L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Kieslingia

description: Kieslingia Faúndez, Saldivia & A.E.Martic., gen. nov.
 Type: — Kieslingia chilensis Faúndez, Saldivia & A. E.Martic.
 Frutices foliis alternis, tripartitis, hirtis, resinaceis. Capitula homogama, hemisphaerica, in apice ramorum solitaria, breviter pedunculata. Involucri phylla in 4–5 seriebus. Receptaculum epaleaceum, alveolatum. Flores hermaphroditi. Pappus setis in seriebus duabus dispositis, externis brevibus, internis corollarum apices attingentibus. Antherae basi obtusae, apice ovato-lanceolatae. Styli filiformes, bifurcati, ramis longis paulo claviformibus, in dimidio superiore breviter papillosis, longe exserti. Cypselae dense pubescentes.
Shrubs with persistent leaves, alternate, tripartite, hirsute, resinous. Capitula discoid, homogamous, hemispheric, solitary, shortly pedunculate, terminal on little branches with few leaves, these gradually reduced in size towards the capitulum. Phyllaries in 4–5 series. Receptacles epaleate, alveolate. Florets hermaphrodite; pappus of numerous bristles, flattened, scabrid, arranged in two series; external series much shorter than the corolla tube, internal series several times longer than the external series and reaching the corolla apices in anthesis. Corollas tubular, infundibuliform, actinomorphic, with five lobes, reflexed to upcurved in maturity, with thickened margins. Androecium synantherous, five anthers easily separable, with an obtuse base and ovate lanceolate appendages. Ovary inferior, flattened, pilose. Styles filiform with two long linear branches slightly claviform, densely covered with short papillae on the upper half of each branch, long exserted from the corolla. Cypsela densely pubescent.
description: Published as part of Saldivia, Patricio, Faúndez, Luis, Marticorena, Alicia & Panero, José L., 2014, Kieslingia chilensis (Asteraceae: Astereae), a new genus and species from northern Chile, pp. 280-290 in Phytotaxa 177 (5) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.177.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5144963
Classical and quantum time crystals in a levitated nanoparticle without drive
Creators: name: Huang, Yi
name: Guo, Qihao
name: Xiong, Anda
name: Li, Tongcang
name: Yin, Zhang-qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time crystal is defined as a phase of matter spontaneously exhibiting a periodicity in time. Previous studies focused on discrete quantum time crystals under periodic drive. Here, we propose a time crystal model based on a levitated charged nanoparticle in a static magnetic field without drive. Both the classical time crystal in thermal equilibrium and the quantum time crystal in the ground state can emerge in the spin rotational mode, under the strong magnetic field or the large charge-to-mass ratio limit. Besides, for the first time, the \emph{time polycrystal} is defined and naturally appears in this model. Our model paves a way for realizing time crystals in thermal equilibrium.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Collorhabdium williamsoni Smedley 1932
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Colubridae
Collorhabdium
Collorhabdium williamsoni

description: Collorhabdium williamsoni Smedley, 1932 — Erroneous.
Williamson’s Reed Snake
Singapore records.
Collorhabdium williamsoni —Wallach et al., 2014: 173.
Remarks. Wallach et al. (2014) listed Singapore as part of the distribution for C. williamsoni, but they did not discuss it in detail and we are unable to trace any other publications reporting it from Singapore. Furthermore, they stated that C. williamsoni only occurs at elevations between 1,465 –1,860 m, which is not found in Singapore.
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens. No specimens.
Additional Singapore museum specimens. No specimens.
Subfamily Colubrinae Oppel, 1811 (4 species)
Genus Boiga Fitzinger, 1826 (2 species)
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on page 286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
The Market for Tractors in the EU: Price Differences and Convergence
Creators: name: Jorgensen, Christian
name: Persson, Morten
name: Jorgensen, Christian
name: Persson, Morten
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Tractors
subject: Price differences
subject: Convergence
subject: Factor Markets

description: This study evaluates the degree of segmentation of the market for agricultural machinery and equipment in the EU. We focus on agricultural tractors, the most common and biggest investment in machinery and equipment in the agricultural sector. By using country price data for individual tractor models, we test the law of one price, i.e. the existence of a common price for tractors across EU member states. We find that significant price differences exist, yet unlike most other studies we find that large price deviations are penalised within a short time. The study also shows that transport costs are an important source of price differences, as domestic production leads to lower prices on the domestic market and as price convergence is negatively correlated with distance. Finally, price differences should not solely be understood from a geographical perspective, as evidence supports the idea that farmers’ buying power is significant in explaining price differences within countries.
Polar Codes' Simplicity, Random Codes' Durability
Creators: name: Wang, Hsin-Po
name: Duursma, Iwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over any discrete memoryless channel, we build codes such that: for one, their block error probabilities and code rates scale like random codes'; and for two, their encoding and decoding complexities scale like polar codes'. Quantitatively, for any constants $π,ρ>0$ such that $π+2ρ<1$, we construct a sequence of error correction codes with block length $N$ approaching infinity, block error probability $\exp(-N^π)$, code rate $N^{-ρ}$ less than the Shannon capacity, and encoding and decoding complexity $O(N\log N)$ per code block. The putative codes take uniform $ς$-ary messages for sender's choice of prime $ς$. The putative codes are optimal in the following manner: Should $π+2ρ>1$, no such codes exist for generic channels regardless of alphabet and complexity.
description: 55 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables