cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transgenic expression of IL15 improves antiglioma activity of IL13Rα2-CAR T cells but results in antigen loss variants
Creators: name: Liu, H.
name: Balyasnikova, I.V.
name: Dotti, G.
name: Yi, Z.
name: Wu, M.-F.
name: Prinzing, B.L.
name: Krenciute, G.
name: Gottschalk, S.
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults and is virtually incurable with conventional therapies. Immunotherapy with T cells expressing GBM-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) is an attractive approach to improve outcomes. Although CAR T cells targetingGBMantigens, such as IL13 receptor subunit α2 (IL13Rα2), HER2, and EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), have had antitumor activity in preclinical models, early-phase clinical testing has demonstrated limited antiglioma activity. Transgenic expression of IL15 is an appealing strategy to enhance CAR T-cell effector function. We tested this approach in our IL13Rα2-positive glioma model in which limited IL13Rα2-CAR T-cell persistence results in recurrence of antigenpositive gliomas. T cells were genetically modified with retroviral vectors encoding IL13Rα2-CARs or IL15 (IL13Rα2-CAR.IL15 T cells). IL13Rα2-CAR.IL15 T cells recognized glioma cells in an antigen-dependent fashion, had greater proliferative capacity, and produced more cytokines after repeated stimulations in comparison with IL13Rα2-CAR T cells. No autonomous IL13Rα2-CAR. IL15 T-cell proliferation was observed; however, IL15 expression increased IL13Rα2-CAR T-cell viability in the absence of exogenous cytokines or antigen. In vivo, IL13Rα2-CAR.IL15 T cells persisted longer and had greater antiglioma activity than IL13Rα2-CAR T cells, resulting in a survival advantage. Gliomas recurring after 40 days after T-cell injection had downregulated IL13Rα2 expression, indicating that antigen loss variants occur in the setting of improved T-cell persistence. Thus, CAR T cells for GBM should not only be genetically modified to improve their proliferation and persistence, but also to target multiple antigens. Summary: Glioblastoma responds imperfectly to immunotherapy. Transgenic expression of IL15 in T cells expressing CARs improved their proliferative capacity, persistence, and cytokine production. The emergence of antigen loss variants highlights the need to target multiple tumor antigens. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(7); 571-81.
(4130) Hannah Thackrey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Redo hypospadias repair by a single surgeon after failed hypospadias surgeries: Experience from a developing country
Creators: name: Md. Abdullah Al Farooq
name: M A Mushfiqur Rahman
name: Chowdhury, Tanvir Kabir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Diseases

description: experience of Redo hypospadias repairs
Dopant-mediated structural and magnetic properties of TbMnO3
Creators: name: Sharma, Vinit
name: McDannald, A.
name: Staruch, M.
name: Ramprasad, R.
name: Jain, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural and magnetic properties of the doped terbium manganites (Tb,A)MnO3 (A = Gd, Dy and Ho) have been investigated using first-principles calculations and further confirmed by subse- quent experimental studies. Both computational and experimental studies suggest that compared to the parent material, namely, TbMnO3 (with a magnetic moment of 9.7 /muB for Tb3+) Dy- and Ho- ion substituted TbMnO3 results in an increase in the magnetic moment (< 10.6/muB for Dy3+ and Ho3+). The observed spiral-spin AFM order in TbMnO3 is stable with respect to the dopant substitutions, which modify the Mn-O-Mn bond angles and lead to stronger the ferromagnetic component of the magnetic moment. Given the fact that magnetic ordering in TbMnO3 causes the ferroelectricity, this is an important step in the field of the magnetically driven ferroelectricity in the class of magnetoelectric multiferroics, which traditionally have low magnetic moments due to the predominantly antiferromagnetic order. In addition, the present study reveals important insights on the phenomenological coupling mechanism in detail, which is essential in order to design new materials with enhanced magneto-electric effects at higher temperatures.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Cosmo-local work: Organisational practices for equitable and sustainable living
Creators: name: Giotitsas, Chris
name: Exarchopoulos, Nikos
name: Pazaitis, Alex
name: Kostakis, Vasilis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: peer-to-peer
cosmolocal work
commons
peer production
design global manufacture local (DGML)
Farm Hack
L' atelier paysan
Sensorica
Enspiral

description: Deliverable under COSMOLOCALISM project (Task T1.1), handbook, in a codied manner and enriched with visual content, of best
 organisational practices from existing DGML business models.
Innovative Therapy, Monoclonal Antibodies and Beyond
Creators: name: Di Nicola, M.
name: Bellone, M.
name: Anichini, A.
name: Pupa, S.M.
name: Dotti, G.
name: Colombo, M.P.
name: Del Vecchio, M.
name: Hiscott, J.
name: Muscolini, M.
name: Apetoh, L.
name: Ferrone, S.
name: Braud, F.D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2017

description: The seventh Edition of “Innovative Therapy, Monoclonal Antibodies and Beyond” Meeting took place in Milan, Italy, on January 27, 2017. The two sessions of the meeting were focused on: 1) Preclinical assays and novel biotargets; and 2) monoclonal antibodies, cell therapies and targeted molecules. Between these two sessions, a lecture entitled “HLA-antigens modulation and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy” was also presented. Despite the impressive successes in cancer immunotherapy in recent years, the response to immune based interventions occurs only in a minority of patients (∼20%). Several basic and translational mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) were discussed during the meeting: 1. the impact of tumor microenvironment on the activity of immune system; 2. strategies to inhibit the cross-talk between extracellular matrix and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in the preclinical setting; 3. microRNA expression as a biomarker and as a target of therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); 4. the significance of complement activation pathways in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors; 5. the immunosuppressive activity of the microbiota by inducing IL-17 producing cells; and 6. modulation of HLA antigens as possible markers of response to ICB therapy. In order to overcome the deficiency in active anti-tumor T cells, several clinically applicable combination strategies were also discussed: 1. strategies to enhance the anticancer effects of immunogenic cell death inducing-chemotherapy; 2. the use of CAR T-cells in solid tumors; 3. the use of combination strategies involving oncolytic viruses and ICBs; 4. combinations of new ICBs with anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 therapy; and 4. combinations of targeted therapies and ICBs in melanoma. Overall, this conference emphasized the many novel strategies that are being investigated to improve the overall patient response to cancer immunotherapy. Optimization of biomarkers to accurately select patients who will respond to immunotherapy, coupled with combination strategies to improve long term patient survival remain critical challenges in the immuno-oncology field.
CoArA Action Plan University of South-Eastern Norway
Creators: name: Røsdal, Trude
name: Strøm, Herman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The University of Southeast-Norway (USN) signed The Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment (ARRA) in November 2022. A project group was established in early 2023, and a project mandate was prepared and finally decided on by the USN Rectorate and Deans in spring of 2024. The project group consist of employees from the Research department, the HR-department, rector’s staff, and academic staff with different backgrounds with regards to field of research and career stages. During the project period great emphasis will be put on co-creation and dissemination activities such as open dialogue meetings and workshops with individual researchers and research groups. In line with most of the other HE-institutions in Norway, USN has embraced the Norwegian Career Assessment Matrix (NOR-CAM), developed by Universities Norway (UHR – a cooperative body for HE-institutions in Norway). NOR-CAM represents a toolbox for assessment on an individual level, and the principles by which research is evaluated, complies with the principles described in ARRA. The NOR[1]CAM network consists of representatives from all HE-institutions in Norway and is recognized as a National Chapter by CoARA.
Semillas Resilientes de Covunco Abajo
Creators: name: Alejandro, Gallardo
name: Rodrigo, Navedo
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2021
Subjects: ARG
Organic farming
Seed system
Conservation
Local communities
Family farming
ITPGRFA-BSF
PR-154
Adaptation
Farmers
Crop diversity
Maize
Beans
Resilience
Potato
Breeding
Native varieties
Production

description: The protagonists of this study are a group of market gardeners of Covunco Abajo (a small valley of 200 ha under irrigation) which is made up of seven families who are dedicated to goat, cattle, fodder and vegetable production. They are located on the banks of the Covunco stream (Mapuche for ‘hot waters’) in the central part of Neuquén Province.

 In this group, the predominant type of production is horticulture, in which they carry out agroecological management. They use fertilizers such as home compost and goat, sheep or chicken manure and also to use genetic resources adapted to local climatic conditions. In the same line of work, the fundamental and strategic role played by local genetic resources was analysed, as detailed in this paper.

The experiences generated through the workshops, exchanges, the seed house and the surveys of local available species, allowed the agro-biodiversity existing in the groups and in the area to be valued, achieving diversified production systems, using local genetic resources that are adapted to the climatic conditions, generating self sufficiency within the group. A gene pool of 82 horticultural varieties within 7 farming families represents a remarkable cultural capital.

It is important to highlight the seed selection processes that these seven families have carried out over the years, seeking to meet not only food needs, but also health, culinary and cultural tastes associated with horticultural practice. The revaluation of their seeds also brought strength to the group, leading to the construction of their own seed house for community use in the area.The local seed made it possible to collectively build their own identity and recover species and stories associated with their seeds that seemed to have been lost in the area forever.
(4132) Mary [Nichol]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Redirecting T cells to glypican-3 with 4-1BB zeta chimeric antigen receptors results in Th1 polarization and potent antitumor activity
Creators: name: Rathi, P.
name: Dotti, G.
name: Liu, H.
name: Wu, M.-F.
name: Gao, X.
name: Guo, L.
name: Heczey, A.
name: Gottschalk, S.
name: Marinova, E.
name: Metelitsa, L.S.
name: Li, W.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2017

description: T cells engineered to express CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have shown breakthrough clinical successes in patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancies. However, similar therapeutic efficacy of CAR T cells in solid tumors is yet to be achieved. In this study we systematically evaluated a series of CAR constructs targeting glypican-3 (GPC3), which is selectively expressed on several solid tumors. We compared GPC3-specific CARs that encoded CD3σ (Gz) alone or with costimulatory domains derived from CD28 (G28z), 4-1BB (GBBz), or CD28 and 4-1BB (G28BBz). All GPC3-CARs rendered T cells highly cytotoxic to GPC3-positive hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and malignant rhabdoid tumor cell lines in vitro. GBBz induced the preferential production of Th1 cytokines (interferon γ/granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor) while G28z preferentially induced Th2 cytokines (interleukin-4/interleukin-10). Inclusion of 4-1BB in G28BBz could only partially ameliorate the Th2-polarizing effect of CD28. 4-1BB induced superior expansion of CAR T cells in vitro and in vivo. T cells expressing GPC3-CARs incorporating CD28, 4-1BB, or both induced sustained tumor regressions in two xenogeneic tumor models. Thus, GBBz CAR endows T cells with superior proliferative potential, potent antitumor activity, and a Th1-biased cytokine profile, justifying further clinical development of GBBz CAR for immunotherapy of GPC3-positive solid tumors.
(4129) Charles Chadwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Clinical and immunological responses after CD30-specific chimeric antigen receptor-redirected lymphocytes
Creators: name: Dotti, G.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Gee, A.P.
name: Bilgi, M.
name: Dakhova, O.
name: Chang, B.H.
name: Mei, Z.
name: Brenner, M.K.
name: Heslop, H.E.
name: Rooney, C.M.
name: Grilley, B.
name: Liu, H.
name: Ballard, B.
name: Savoldo, B.
name: Ramos, C.A.
name: Bollard, C.M.
name: Wu, M.-F.
Publisher: name: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND. Targeting CD30 with monoclonal antibodies in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has had profound clinical success. However, adverse events, mainly mediated by the toxin component of the conjugated antibodies, cause treatment discontinuation in many patients. Targeting CD30 with T cells expressing a CD30- specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) may reduce the side effects and augment antitumor activity. METHODS. We conducted a phase I dose escalation study in which 9 patients with relapsed/refractory HL or ALCL were infused with autologous T cells that were gene-modified with a retroviral vector to express the CD30-specific CAR (CD30. CAR-Ts) encoding the CD28 costimulatory endodomain. Three dose levels, from 0.2 - 108 to 2 - 108 CD30.CAR-Ts/m2, were infused without a conditioning regimen. All other therapy for malignancy was discontinued at least 4 weeks before CD30. CAR-T infusion. Seven patients had previously experienced disease progression while being treated with brentuximab. RESULTS. No toxicities attributable to CD30.CAR-Ts were observed. Of 7 patients with relapsed HL, 1 entered complete response (CR) lasting more than 2.5 years after the second infusion of CD30.CAR-Ts, 1 remained in continued CR for almost 2 years, and 3 had transient stable disease. Of 2 patients with ALCL, 1 had a CR that persisted 9 months after the fourth infusion of CD30.CAR-Ts. CD30.CAR-T expansion in peripheral blood peaked 1 week after infusion, and CD30.CAR-Ts remained detectable for over 6 weeks. Although CD30 may also be expressed by normal activated T cells, no patients developed impaired virus-specific immunity. CONCLUSION. CD30.CAR-Ts are safe and can lead to clinical responses in patients with HL and ALCL, indicating that further assessment of this therapy is warranted.
Sheldon H.Lu and Jiayan Mi, eds., Chinese Ecocinema In the Age of Environmental Challenge.
Creators: Lupke, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2011

This is a review of Sheldon Lu and Jiayan Mi's edited volume on Chinese ecocinema. It briefly highlights important features in the large number of pithy essays contained in this volume.
CAR T Cells Administered in Combination with Lymphodepletion and PD-1 Inhibition to Patients with Neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Tashiro, H.
name: Gee, A.
name: Heczey, A.
name: Grilley, B.
name: Dotti, G.
name: Louis, C.U.
name: Mei, Z.
name: Mahmood, N.
name: Wu, M.F.
name: Rooney, C.M.
name: Dakhova, O.
name: Mehta, B.
name: Heslop, H.E.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Brenner, M.K.
name: Liu, H.
name: Savoldo, B.
name: Durett, A.
Publisher: name: American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy
Year: 2017

description: Targeting disialoganglioside (GD2) on neuroblastoma (NB) with T cells expressing a first-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) was safe, but the cells had poor expansion and long-term persistence. We developed a third-generation GD2-CAR (GD2-CAR3) and hypothesized that GD2-CAR3 T cells (CARTs) would be safe and effective. This phase 1 study enrolled relapsed or refractory NB patients in three cohorts. Cohort 1 received CART alone, cohort 2 received CARTs plus cyclophosphamide and fludarabine (Cy/Flu), and cohort 3 was treated with CARTs, Cy/Flu, and a programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor. Eleven patients were treated with CARTs. The infusions were safe, and no dose-limiting toxicities occurred. CARTs were detectable in cohort 1, but the lymphodepletion induced by Cy/Flu increased circulating levels of the homeostatic cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 (p = 0.003) and increased CART expansion by up to 3 logs (p = 0.03). PD-1 inhibition did not further enhance expansion or persistence. Antitumor responses at 6 weeks were modest. We observed a striking expansion of CD45/CD33/CD11b/CD163+ myeloid cells (change from baseline, p = 0.0126) in all patients, which may have contributed to the modest early antitumor responses; the effect of these cells merits further study. Thus, CARTs are safe, and Cy/Flu can further increase their expansion.
A melanin-mediated cancer immunotherapy patch
Creators: name: Ye, Y.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Bellotti, A.
name: Liu, Q.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Huang, L.
name: Dotti, G.
name: Gu, Z.
name: Wen, D.
name: Hu, Q.
name: Wang, C.
name: Milligan, J.
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2017

description: Melanin is capable of transforming 99.9% of the absorbed sunlight energy into heat, reducing the risk of skin cancer. We here develop a melanin-mediated cancer immunotherapy strategy through a transdermal microneedle patch. B16F10 whole tumor lysate containing melanin is loaded into polymeric microneedles that allow sustained release of the lysate upon insertion into the skin. In combination with the near-infrared light irradiation, melanin in the patch mediates the generation of heat, which further promotes tumor-antigen uptake by dendritic cells, and leads to enhanced antitumor vaccination. We found that the spatiotemporal photoresponsive immunotherapy increases infiltration of polarized T cells and local cytokine release. These immunological effects increase the survival of mice after tumor challenge and elicited antitumor effects toward established primary tumor and distant tumor. Collectively, melanin generates local heat, boosts T cell activities by transdermal vaccines, and promotes antitumor immune responses.
Tofacitinib in ulcerative colitis: a profile of its use
Creators: name: Young-A Heo
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards Disclosure: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.Conflict of interest: Young-A Heo is an employee of Adis International Ltd./Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no conflicts of interest.Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here
Abstract
Oral tofacitinib (Xeljanz®) is a irst-in-class, small molecule janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis in adults who have inadequately responded to, or are intolerant of, conventional therapy or a biological agent in the EU and in adults who have inadequately responded to, or are intolerant of, a tumour necrosis factor antagonist in the USA. In the pivotal phase 3 trials, tofacitinib induction (10 mg twice daily) and maintenance (5 or 10 mg twice daily) treatment signiicantly improved clinical and endoscopic indings of ulcerative colitis and health-related quality of life relative to placebo, with clinical beneits maintained longer term with lexible dosing strategy. Tofacitinib had a manageable tolerability proile in ulcerative colitis patients that was consistent with that established in rheumatoid arthritis patients and longer-term safety data revealed no new safety signals.
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
(4131) Robert Nichol
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Absence of Spin Liquid in the Hubbard model on the Honeycomb Lattice
Creators: name: Yamada, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible emergence of a spin liquid phase in the half-filled Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice; a simple model of graphene, is studied using the variational cluster approximation. We found that the critical interaction strength of a magnetic transition is slightly lower than that of the non-magnetic metal-to-insulator transition. Thus a semi-metallic state becomes a magnetic insulator as the interaction strength increases and a non-magnetic insulating state does not occur. Therefore a spin liquid state characterized by an insulating state without long range order, is not realized in this system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, typo corrected
Cooperative unmanned aerial and surface vehicles for extended coverage in maritime environments
Creators: name: Santos, Matheus
name: Bartlett, Ben
name: E. Scheider, Vincent
name: Ó. Brádaigh, Fiachra
name: Blanck, Benjamin
name: Santos, Phillipe
name: Trslic, Petar
name: Riordan, James
name: Dooly, Gerard
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description:
Maritime operations, such as ship hull inspections, infrastructure assessments, and rapid response to emergencies, often expose humans to hazardous environments. The deployment of unmanned vehicles offers a potential solution to mitigate risks and reduce operational costs in such scenarios. Collaborative efforts between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) can enhance mission endurance and portability. This paper introduces a cooperative UAV-USV system designed to expand the operational coverage area. It leverages off-the-shelf satellite-based technology to establish robust communication links between UAVs, USVs, and the ground station. This connection facilitates the development of an autonomous launch and recovery system, relying on GPS and visual servoing. Furthermore, the system incorporates a Battery Hot Swap-system (BHS) on the USV, allowing the UAV to resume its mission within 3 minutes. The effectiveness of this proposed solution was demonstrated through successful inspection trials conducted at the port of Hamburg, Germany.
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells for B-cell malignancies
Creators: name: Dotti, G.
name: Lichtman, E.I.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2017

description: The adoptive transfer of T-lymphocytes modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-Ts) has produced impressive clinical responses among patients with B-cell malignancies. This has led to a rapid expansion in the number of clinical trials over the past several years. Although CD19-specific CAR-Ts are the most extensively evaluated, CAR-Ts specific for other B-cell–associated targets have also shown promise. However, despite this success, toxicities associated with CAR-T administration remain a significant concern. There continues to be substantial heterogeneity among CAR-T products, and differences in both CAR designs and CAR-T production strategies can substantially affect clinical outcomes. Ongoing clinical studies will further elucidate these differences and many other innovative approaches are being evaluated at the preclinical level. In this review, we will discuss the background and rationale for the use of CAR-Ts, provide an overview of advances in the field, and examine the application of CAR-Ts to the treatment of B-cell malignancies, including a summary of clinical trials published to date.
Utilizing cell-based therapeutics to overcome immune evasion in hematologic malignancies
Creators: name: Dotti, G.
name: Savoldo, B.
name: Sun, C.
Publisher: name: American Society of Hematology
Year: 2016

description: Hematologic malignancies provide a suitable testing environment for cell-based immunotherapies, which were pioneered by the development of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. All types of cell-based therapies, from donor lymphocyte infusion to dendritic cell vaccines, and adoptive transfer of tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, have been clinically translated for hematologic malignancies. The recent success of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T lymphocytes in B-cell malignancies has stimulated the development of this approach toward other hematologic tumors. Similarly, the remarkable activity of checkpoint inhibitors as single agents has created enthusiasm for potential combinations with other cell-based immune therapies. However, tumor cells continuously develop various strategies to evade their immune-mediated elimination. Meanwhile, the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells and the release of inhibitory factors contribute to the development of a tumor microenvironment that hampers the initiation of effective immune responses or blocks the functions of immune effector cells. Understanding how tumor cells escape from immune attack and favor immunosuppression is essential for the improvement of immune cell-based therapies and the development of rational combination approaches.
Surface States Engineering of Metal/MoS2 Contacts Using Sulfur Treatment for Reduced Contact Resistance and Variability
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Shubhadeep
name: Ganapathi, Kolla Lakshmi
name: Nath, Digbijoy N.
name: Bhat, Navakanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variability and lack of control in the nature of contacts between metal/MoS2 interface is a major bottleneck in the realisation of high-performance devices based on layered materials for several applications. In this letter, we report on the reduction in Schottky barrier height at metal/MoS2 interface by engineering the surface states through sulphur treatment. Electrical characteristics for back-gated MoS2 field effect transistor structures were investigated for two high work-function metal contacts Ni and Pd. Contacts on MoS2 treated with sulphur exhibited significant improvements in Ohmic nature with concomitant reduction in variability compared to those on untreated MoS2 films leading to a 2x increase in extracted mobility. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, Raman Spectroscopy and comparison of threshold voltages indicated absence of additional doping or structural changes due to sulphur treatment. The Schottky barrier heights were extracted from temperature-dependent transfer characteristics based on the thermionic current model. A reduction in barrier height of 80 and 135 meV extracted for Ni/MoS2 and Pd/MoS2 contacts respectively is hence attributed to the increase in surface states (or stronger Fermi level pinning) due to sulphur treatment. The corresponding charge neutrality levels at metal/MoS2 interface, were extracted to be 0.16 eV (0.17 eV) below the conduction band before (after) Sulphur treatment. This first report of surface states engineering in MoS2 leading to superior contacts is expected to significantly benefit the entire class of devices based on layered 2D materials.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Spin-1 Particles with Light-Front Approach
Creators: name: de Melo, J. P. B. C.
name: da Silva, Anacé N.
name: Mello, Clayton S.
name: Frederico, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the vector sector, i.e, mesons with spin-1, the electromagnetic form factors and anothers observables are calculated with the light-front approach. However, the light-front quantum field theory have some problems, for example, the rotational symmetry breaking. We solve that problem added the zero modes contribuition to the matrix elements of the electromagnetic current, besides the valence contribuition. We found that among the four independent matrix elements of the plus component in the light-front helicity basis only the $0\to 0$ one carries zero mode contributions.
description: 5 pages. 3 Figures, use latex and EPJ style
Emergent applications of machine learning for diagnosing and managing appendicitis: a state-of-the-art review
Creators: name: Bhandarkar, Shaan Ram
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Appendicitis is one of the most common surgically treated diseases, with more than 300,000 appendectomies being performed in the United States annually. Despite its common nature, appendicitis can be difficult to diagnose at times even with the established criteria of systems like the Alvarado Score. Atypical presentations and poor predictive value of laboratory tests complicate diagnoses and decisions for surgical intervention. CT imaging improves sensitivity and specificity of diagnoses, however this tool bears the drawbacks of high operator dependency and needless radiation exposure. The need for a framework that can inform the selective use of CT scans, especially for equivocally-scored cases of appendicitis, warrants the use of machine learning. Machine learning is a rapidly evolving field with increasing applications in healthcare at-large. This artificial intelligence approach uses historical data to train a model that captures existing patterns in data to predict outcomes. The aim of this review is to classify these novel uses of various machine learning algorithms in the context of appendicitis management and examine their potential to reshape pre-operative and post-operative decision-making.
(4126) Ellen [Lacey]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A novel TCR-like CAR with specificity for PR1/HLA-A2 effectively targets myeloid leukemia in vitro when expressed in human adult peripheral blood and cord blood T cells
Creators: name: Tallis, E.
name: Alatrash, G.
name: Ding, X.
name: Clise-Dwyer, K.
name: Molldrem, J.J.
name: Wood, M.S.
name: Ma, Q.
name: John, L.S.
name: Lu, S.
name: Dotti, G.
name: Rezvani, K.
name: Sergeeva, A.
name: Garber, H.R.
name: Shpall, E.J.
name: Ruisaard, K.
name: He, H.
name: Salvado, B.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2016

description: Background aims The PR1 peptide, derived from the leukemia-associated antigens proteinase 3 and neutrophil elastase, is overexpressed on HLA-A2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We developed a T-cell receptor (TCR)-like monoclonal antibody (8F4) that binds the PR1/HLA-A2 complex on the surface of AML cells, efficiently killing them in vitro and eliminating them in preclinical models. Humanized 8F4 (h8F4) with high affinity for the PR1/HLA-A2 epitope was used to construct an h8F4- chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that was transduced into T cells to mediate anti-leukemia activity. Methods Human T cells were transduced to express the PR1/HLA-A2-specific CAR (h8F4-CAR-T cells) containing the scFv of h8F4 fused to the intracellular signaling endo-domain of CD3 zeta chain through the transmembrane and intracellular costimulatory domain of CD28. Results Adult human normal peripheral blood (PB) T cells were efficiently transduced with the h8F4-CAR construct and predominantly displayed an effector memory phenotype with a minor population (12%) of central memory cells in vitro. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) T cells could also be efficiently transduced with the h8F4-CAR. The PB and UCB-derived h8F4-CAR-T cells specifically recognized the PR1/HLA-A2 complex and were capable of killing leukemia cell lines and primary AML blasts in an HLA-A2-dependent manner. Conclusions Human adult PB and UCB-derived T cells expressing a CAR derived from the TCR-like 8F4 antibody rapidly and efficiently kill AML in vitro. Our data could lead to a new treatment paradigm for AML in which targeting leukemia stem cells could transfer long-term immunity to protect against relapse.
Proximity-free enhancement of anomalous Nernst effects in metallic multilayers
Creators: name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
name: Kikkawa, Takashi
name: Seki, Takeshi
name: Oyake, Takafumi
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
name: Takanashi, Koki
name: Saitoh, Eiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) has been investigated in alternately-stacked multilayer films comprising paramagnetic and ferromagnetic metals. We found that the ANE is enhanced with increasing the number of the paramagnet/ferromagnet interfaces with keeping the total thickness of the films constant, and that the enhancement appears even in the absence of magnetic proximity effects; similar behavior was observed not only in Pt/Fe multilayers but also in Au/Fe and Cu/Fe multilayers free from proximity ferromagnetism. This universal enhancement of the ANE in the metallic multilayers suggests the presence of unconventional interface-induced thermoelectric conversion in the Fe films attached to the paramagnets.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Selection bias: Maintaining less-differentiated T cells for adoptive immunotherapy
Creators: name: Xu, Y.
name: Dotti, G.
Publisher: name: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Year: 2016

description: The clinical application of T cell immunotherapy depends on ex vivo modification and expansion of T cells for adoptive transfer. In preclinical models, the use of a purified, naive T cell subset enhances persistence and antitumor immunity; however, the majority of clinical studies rely on modification of mixed populations of T cells that contain only a small subset of highly functional T cells with less-differentiated phenotype. In this month's issue of the JCI, Klebanoff and colleagues uncover a Fas-mediated interaction between naive T cells and antigen-experienced T cells that drives differentiation and impairs adoptive immunotherapy. Further, they show that blockade of Fas signaling enhances antitumor immunity and increases survival in a mouse model of melanoma. Their work supports a growing body of evidence that the use of naive T cells enhances the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy and suggests a new therapeutic strategy for preserving less-differentiated T cell populations.
(4128) Osborne Reynolds
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quantum State Synthesis of Superconducting Resonators
Creators: name: Sharma, Roshan
name: Strauch, Frederick W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of different methods to synthesize entangled states of two superconducting resonators. These methods use experimentally demonstrated interactions of resonators with artificial atoms, and offer efficient routes to generate nonclassical states. We analyze the theoretical structure of these algorithms and their average performance for arbitrary states and for deterministically preparing NOON states. Using a new state synthesis algorithm, we show that NOON states can be prepared in a time linear in the desired photon number and without any state-selective interactions.
Refractive X-ray beam shaping
Creators: name: Markus, Otto Thomas
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: X-ray optics
X-ray lens
X-ray prism lens
Kinform lens
Fresnel lens
X-ray microscopy
X-ray beam shaping

description: This work introduces new refractive illumination optics in the hard X-ray region and describes a method for overcoming fabrication limitations of X-ray depth lithography. In particular, the problem of high aspect ratio in X-ray prism lenses was addressed. The refractive X-ray optics are developed for the photon energy range 8-100 keV. In the following, we report the development of a principal new focusing optics with large aperture, an illumination condenser for full-field X-ray microscopy and a so-called beam shaping optics to overcome the limitation of the field of view at 3rd and 4th generation synchrotron sources. To reduce the absorption of X-rays in the material of the optical systems, the approach of X-ray prism lenses was pursued. Here, the optics consist of rows of micro prisms with an edge length of about 20 µm, which deflect the incident rays. This improves the ratio of the refractive power of the optics to the volume of the absorbing lens material. The mechanical stability of the fragile, very tall micro prisms is achieved by exposing thin, stabilizing support planes. In order to achieve focal sizes smaller than the prism edge lengths, double parabolic biconcave micro-lenses were added to the prism rows. A similar arrangement with biconvex micro-lenses was used to achieve beam expansion while simultaneously homogenizing the illumination of the image field of a full-field X-ray microscope. Beam shaping optics consisting of kinoform Fresnel lens elements were developed for vertical beam expansion at high brilliance synchrotron sources. In all cases, the theory is based on geometrical optics and ray tracing simulations. The optics were produced via deep X-ray lithography using the synchrotron radiation source at KIT at the LIGA I and II beamlines. The lens material is the negative resist mr-X, an epoxy resin-based polymer of type SU-8. The lenses were characterized at PETRA III, DESY in Hamburg and at ESRF in Grenoble.
FALCON: An entity and relation linking framework over DBpedia
Creators: name: Sakor, Ahmad
name: Singh, Kuldeep
name: Vidal, Maria-Esther
Publisher: name: Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Background Knowledge
subject: English morphology
subject: Entity Linking
subject: NLP
subject: Relation Linking
subject: Morphology
subject: Back-ground knowledge
subject: Fundamental principles
subject: Knowledge graphs
subject: Rule based
subject: Rule-based approach
subject: Short texts
subject: HTTP
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: We tackle the problem of entity and relation linking and present FALCON, a rule-based tool able to accurately map entities and relations in short texts to resources in a knowledge graph. FALCON resorts to fundamental principles of the English morphology (e.g., compounding and headword identification) and performs joint entity and relation linking against a short text. We demonstrate the benefits of the rule-based approach implemented in FALCON on short texts composed of various types of entities. The attendees will observe the behavior of FALCON on the observed limitations of Entity Linking (EL) and Relation Linking (RL) tools. The demo is available at https://labs.tib.eu/falcon/.
A bispecific chimeric antigen receptor molecule enhances T cell activation through dual immunological synapse formation and offsets antigen escape in glioblastoma
Creators: name: Brawley, V.
name: Orange, J.
name: Wakefield, A.
name: Grada, Z.
name: Gottschalk, S.
name: Bielamowicz, K.
name: Wels, W.S.
name: Fousek, K.
name: Chow, K.
name: Mukherjee, M.
name: Ahmed, N.
name: Baker, M.
name: Hegde, M.
name: Byrd, T.
name: Pignata, A.
name: Dotti, G.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2015

description: Background
Antigen escape tumor cell variants prevail in tumors recurring after treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells with a single specificity. Recurrent tumors preserve alternative non-targeted tumor associated antigens.

Hypothesis
A bispecific CAR will mitigate antigen escape enhancing the antitumor activity of T cells.

Methods and results
HER2 and IL13Rα2 are currently targeted in Phase I glioblastoma (GBM) trials using CAR T cells. We created a bispecific CAR molecule with a HER2-specific scFv joined in tandem to an IL13Rα2-binding moiety in the CAR exodomain (Tandem CAR) and a CD28.ζ signaling endodomain. We used computational modeling to interrogate this design. GBM patients' Tandem CAR T cells showed distinct binding to soluble HER2 and IL13Rα2 and killed primary autologous GBM cells. Three-dimensional reconstitution and quantification of confocal images of the Tandem CAR T cell/tumor interface revealed enhanced bifunctional immunological synapses compared to conventional CARs. Further, Tandem CAR T cells exhibited significantly enhanced inexhaustible activation dynamics when compared to conventional HER2 or IL13Rα2 CAR T cells and better controlled established GBM in an orthotopic murine model by offsetting both HER2 and IL13Rα2 escape.

Conclusion
Tandem chimeric antigen receptors enhance T cell activation and mitigate antigen escape through bifunctional immunological synapse formation in GBM.
Ophiocordyceps xifengensis G. X. Fei & X. Zou, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Fei, Gang-Xiang
name: Guan, Jing-Qiang
name: Tian, Hui-Ling
name: Zhou, Ye-Ming
name: Qu, Jiao-Jiao
name: Xu, Zhongshun
name: Zou, Xiao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Hypocreales
Ophiocordycipitaceae
Ophiocordyceps
Ophiocordyceps xifengensis

description: Ophiocordyceps xifengensis G.X. Fei & X. Zou, sp. nov.
MycoBank No: 571609
 Etymology. Referring to the locality of the specimen collected, Xifeng (Lat.‘Xifengensis’).
 Holotype. China, Liaoning Province, Tieling City, Xifeng County, at 42°63′ N, 124°87′ E, 05 November 2022. on a Lepidoptera pupa buried in fallen leaves, (holotype, GZUIRF 2022–Z11; ex–type, GZUIR–Z11).
 Teleomorph: The locule emerging from pupal thorax, single dark, either unbranched or branched, clavate, woody, and ranges in color from yellow to dark brown, with a length of 9.0 cm. The stalk is cylindrical, measuring 7.5 cm in length and 0.28–1.76 mm in width, with tip of infertile portion, measuring 2.2 mm in length and 0.3 mm in width. Fertile portion possessing slightly protruding Perithecia, 0.38–0.43 (x̄ = 0.40) mm long, 0.16–0.19 mm wide. The fertile part possesses a slightly protruding Perithecia, 0.38–0.43 mm long, 0.16–0.19 mm wide, which are inclined and semi–submerged, conical, yellow in color, and densely covered in the upper and middle part of the locule and sparsely arranged in the lower part of the locule. Asci hyaline, cylindrical, septum inconspicuous, 164.8–178.9 × 7.4–10.2 μm, apical cap prominent, orange–valved, 6.36–10.7 × 5.1–7.5 μm. Ascospores filiform, complete, multi–septate, 99.1–164.2 × 2.1–2.8 μm.
 Anamorph: The colony grows slowly on PDA, incubated at constant temperature at 18°C in about 6 weeks, the diameter of the colony was 32–54 mm, warts in the middle of the colony, slightly protruding, powdery, hard texture, brownish–yellow to light–white color from the center to the edge of the colony. Reverse side light brown to grayish white. Mycelium hyaline, septate, 3.6–4.4 μm wide, Conidiogenous cells were present on single pedicels, pedicels of two types A and B: type A pedicels columnar, base not markedly expanded, 16.0–35.7 × 1.6–4.2 μm, type B pedicels basally expanded, 16.0–35.7 × 1.6–4.2 μm, and type B pedicels basally expanded. Conidiophores, hyaline, long fusiform or long ellipsoid, 8.0–18.7 × 3.8–6.7 (x̄ = 2.4) μm. 10.7 × 3.8–6.7 μm, individual conidia encapsulated in lemon–shaped mucilaginous sheaths 2–3 μm thick.
 Host. Lepidoptera pupae
 Distribution. China.
description: Published as part of Fei, Gang-Xiang, Guan, Jing-Qiang, Tian, Hui-Ling, Zhou, Ye-Ming, Qu, Jiao-Jiao, Xu, Zhongshun & Zou, Xiao, 2024, A new entomopathogenic fungus, Ophiocordyceps xifengensis sp. nov., from Liaoning, China, pp. 211-224 in Phytotaxa 642 (3) on page 216, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.642.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13214343