Phasmatocoris catarinae Gil-Santana, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gil-Santana, Hélcio R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Phasmatocoris
Phasmatocoris catarinae

description: Phasmatocoris catarinae sp. nov.
(Figs. 17–42)
Diagnosis. Total length: 22.2 (female)–24.0 (male). General coloration testaceous with conspicuous pale clear, reddish and darkened markings or portions as follows (Figs. 17–22, 24–25, 39–41): reddish markings on head, including a medial dorsal spot on its post-ocular portion; lateral portions of pronotum, mesopleura, metapleura and a longitudinal subtriangular medial band on hind lobe of pronotum brownish; fore femur with a large pale, whitish to yellow-whitish ring on apical third, followed by a subapical darkened, almost blackish narrower ring; mid and hind femora and tibiae dark reddish; mid and hind femorotibial joints largely whitish; adjacent to the whitish portion, an indistinctly defined subapical and subbasal blackish ring on femora and tibiae, respectively; forewings testaceous with darkened markings and some veins reddish (Fig. 22). Fore lobe of pronotum approximately 1.4 times longer than hind lobe; anterior projections of collar rounded (Fig. 18); humeral angles rounded and somewhat elevated (Fig. 18). Scutellum with a thin, shallow, smooth medial carina, distally (Fig. 19). Metanotum blunt, rounded (Fig. 19). Ventral surface of fore femura with only slender spine-like setae in two series, posteroventral and anteroventral, apically transformed into short teeth; anteroventral series interrupted at base, not connected to posteroventral series, one isolated seta basal to interruption (Fig. 20); longer setae on posteroventral series, in which length approximately equals the value of maximum width of fore femur; spine-like setae not attaining base of this latter by a distance about three times length of fore tarsus. Fore tibiae ventrally with a single series of denticles. Forewing with subbasal cell longer than basal cell (Fig. 22). Process of pygophore spine-like, narrowing apically and very curved in distal third on lateral view (Figs. 26–27). Parameres elongated, somewhat enlarged to the apex, with a sharp ridge on upper margin of apical portion, ending as small teeth distally (Figs. 28–29). Phallus (Fig. 30): basal plates shorter than phallosoma, strongly divergent, connected by a narrow and short basal bridge (Figs. 30, 33); basal plate extension elongate, widened towards apex, which is almost square and has an apical flat enlarged sclerite with acute borders basally and rounded borders apically (Fig. 34); struts fused (Fig. 34); phallosoma wall not sclerotized (Fig. 30). Endosoma wall minutely spiny (Fig. 30); endosoma with five individualized processes: an elongated darkened flat lateral process, which is present on one side only (Figs. 30, 35); an enlarged dorsal subrectangular rough medial process, which has sclerotized teeth on apical margin (Fig. 36); another densely filamentous medial process between the dorsal medial process and the ventral pair (Fig. 37); a ventral pair of somewhat large sclerotized slightly asymmetrical plates with several curved rows of teeth; the plates are united at median portion (Fig. 38).
Description. Male. MEASUREMENTS: Total length: 24.0; head: length: 2.3; maximum width across the eyes: 1.4; ante-ocular length: 1.1; post-ocular length: 0.65; interocular space: 0.4; distance from apex of antenniferous tubercle to anterior border of eye: 0.65; eye length: 0.6; antennal segments length: I: 18.0; II: 18.5; III: 1.5; IV: 3.5; labial segments length: II [first visible]: 0.4; III: 0.6; IV: 1.4. Thorax: pronotum: fore lobe length: 3.4; hind lobe length: 2.4; width at posterior margin: 2.1; forewing length: 14.7. Legs length: fore legs: coxa: 7.5; femur: 9.6, maximum width: 0.45; tibia: 4.2; tarsus: 1.0; middle legs: femur: 19.5; tibia: 29.0; tarsus: 0.9; hind legs: femur: 25.0; tibia: 40.0; tarsus: 1.0. Abdomen: length: 14.8. COLORATION: general coloration testaceous with pale, reddish and darkened markings or portions (Figs. 17–22, 24–25). Head with subtle reddish tinge adjacent to the eye on anteocular portion, anteriorly; a suboval reddish medial spot on postocular portion, dorsally (Fig. 18); eyes blackish; first antennal segment brownish, becoming darkened to apical portion, which is almost blackish; other antennal segments blackish; joint and apex of segment IV somewhat paler. Thorax: lateral portions of pronotum, mesopleura, metapleura and a longitudinal subtriangular medial band on hind lobe of pronotum brownish (Figs. 17–19); this latter band does not reach the posterior border of the segment, which is all pale-colored in dorsal view (Figs. 18–19); posterior border of mesopleura, above acetabula, pale-colored, somewhat whitish. Scutellum darkened, mainly on distal portion medially (Fig. 19). Fore legs: coxa testaceous; basal half of trochanter somewhat reddish; femur somewhat darkened at midportion, with a large pale, whitish to yellow-whitish ring on apical third, followed by a subapical darkened, almost blackish narrower ring, with apex reddish (Figs. 17, 20–21); tibia brownish (Fig. 21); tarsus brownish black (Fig. 21). Mid and hind legs: coxae with a longitudinal dorsal brownish stripe; trochanters darkened; femora and tibiae dark reddish; hind femora somewhat pale at basal portion, ventrally; apical portion of femora and basal portion of tibiae whitish, somewhat more extensively so on hind pair of legs (Fig. 24); adjacent to the whitish portion, an ill-defined subapical and subbasal blackish ring on femora and tibiae, respectively (Fig. 24); the basal extremity of these latter, somewhat reddish dorsally; tarsi brownish. Forewings testaceous; basal medial portion, darkened; an irregular dark spot that lies inside posterior portion of basal cell and anterior portion of the discal cell; another three irregular darkened spots beside this, internally and posteriorly to the discal cell, these latter on its lateral and distal portions, in which the veins in the same area of these spots are darkened too; a paler to yellowish spot inside the basal cell; veins forming subbasal cells, outer veins of basal and discal cells, and R distal to this latter, to some extent reddish (Fig. 22). Hind wings hyaline. Abdomen testaceous; anterior portion of first visible sternite brownish; last three segments with greenish tinge; apex of last tergite, including its tongue-shaped prolongation darkened, red brownish (Fig. 25); connexivum brownish with anterior pale, yellow whitish bands, in each segment, which extend anteriorly for a short distance, including the intersegmental suture and a small posterior portion of each segment. Pygophore brownish. VESTITURE: body integument with a very short yellowish to golden pubescence, with a few scattered longer straight fine yellowish setae. Head with more numerous longer somewhat curved setae on dorsal and ventral surfaces, mainly on clypeus and also on ventral portion of first visible segment of labium; antennal segments covered with very fine, short, curved dark setae. Thorax: setae more sparse on pronotum, mainly on hind lobe, in which on the mid portion there are only sparse but longer curved setae, dorsally; on posterior border of hind lobe of pronotum, a tuft of golden setae beside the scutellum base (Fig. 19). On mesopleura, a glabrous suboval darkened area just below the humeral angle; the lateral portion of mesosternum is glabrous too. Scutellum with somewhat numerous setae, mainly on lateral portions. Wings glabrous. Legs covered with fine, golden to yellowish setae, somewhat longer on distal half of mid and hind tibiae. Ventral surface of fore femur with slender spine-like setae in two series, posteroventral and anteroventral, apically transformed into short teeth; anteroventral series interrupted at base, not connected to posteroventral series, one isolated seta basal to interruption (Fig. 20); distance between this latter and the first seta of the series, 0.75 mm; distance from base of fore femur to insertion of first spiniform seta of anteroventral series, 5.0 mm, and from apex of fore trochanter, 4.4 mm. Distance from base of fore femur to insertion of first spiniform seta in posteroventral series, 3.7 mm, and from apex of fore trochanter somewhat longer than length of fore tarsus, 3.0 mm. Longer setae in posteroventral series, with length about the same value of maximum width of fore femur. Fore tibiae with straight medium-sized stiff obliquely inclined pale to golden setae on distal half, dorsally (Fig. 21); these setae are more numerous above and somewhat on the depressed area of this portion (Fig. 21); an auxiliary row of nine parallel lateral straight longer setae along apical two thirds, dorsally; numerous straight short setae close beside medial series of denticles, ventrally; inner surface on distal quarter with dense short adpressed golden pubescence and a small comb on mid-portion of this area; apex with a dense cluster of stiff setae, ventrally. Fore tarsi with scattered long and fine pale setae and numerous shorter somewhat thicker setae ventrally. Abdomen: tongue-shaped prolongation of last tergite with longer numerous setae. STRUCTURE: Integument moderately shiny. Head elongated, approximately 1.6 times as long as wide across eyes; anteocular portion longer than postocular; transversal (interocular) sulcus deep (Fig. 18); distance from apex of antenniferous tubercle to anterior border of eye in lateral view slightly longer than length of this latter; eyes globose, projecting laterally, somewhat prominent in dorsal view, reaching ventral margin of head; antenna inserted somewhat closer to the apex of head; antennal segments straight, very slender; labium somewhat double curved on lateral view. Thorax: fore lobe of pronotum approximately 1.4 times longer than hind lobe, subrectangular in dorsal view, anterior projections of collar rounded (Fig. 18); a very thin and shallow longitudinal medial furrow; transverse interlobar sulcus deep. Hind lobe of pronotum with fine irregular transverse striations; rugous on medial portion, where there is a dark spot; humeral angles rounded and somewhat elevated. Scutellum with a thin, shallow, smooth medial carina distally (Fig. 19). Metanotum blunt, rounded (Fig. 19). Fore coxae and fore femora elongated, the latter somewhat enlarged at mid-portion (Fig. 17); fore tibia less than half the length of fore femur, somewhat curved, dorsally depressed at basal portion of distal half of the segment, ventrally with a single series of hook-like denticles, which are smaller at basal portion of the segment; inner surface on distal quarter somewhat flattened. Fore right tarsus of holotype two-segmented, left tarsus three-segmented, both slender. Mid and hind legs very long and slender; tarsi three segmented. Forewings approaching apex of abdomen by approximately 2 millimeters, pygophore and almost all tongue-shaped prolongation of last tergite exposed in dorsal view. Wing venation as in Figs. 22–23. Abdomen slender, sides parallel; last tergite with a tongue-shaped prolongation posteriorly, which is rounded apically, wider at base, ending at level of approximately basal third of pygophore (Fig. 25). Male genitalia (Figs. 25–38): Pygophore subrectangular in dorsal view; process of pygophore spine-like, narrowing apically and very curved in distal third on lateral view (Figs. 26–27). Parameres symmetrical, curved, elongated, somewhat enlarged to the apex, densely setose, except on basal fourth, which is glabrous; a sharp ridge on upper margin of apical portion, ending as small teeth distally (Figs. 28–29). Phallus (Fig. 30): basal plates shorter than phallosoma, strongly divergent, connected by a narrow and short basal bridge (Figs. 30, 33); basal plate extension elongate, widened towards apex, which is almost square and has an apical flat enlarged sclerite with acute borders basally and rounded borders apically (Fig. 34); struts fused (Fig. 34); phallosoma wall not sclerotized (Fig. 30). Endosoma wall minutely spiny (Fig. 30); endosoma with five individualized processes: an elongated darkened flat lateral process, which is present on one side only (Figs. 30, 35); an enlarged dorsal subrectangular rough medial process, which has sclerotized teeth on apical margin (Fig. 36); another densely filamentous medial process between the dorsal medial process and the ventral pair (Fig. 37); a ventral pair of somewhat large sclerotized slightly asymmetrical plates with several curved rows of teeth; the plates are united at median portion (Fig. 38).
Female. Total length: 22.2; head: length: 2.3; maximum width across the eyes: 1.3; ante-ocular length: 1.2; postocular length: 0.5; interocular space: 0.55; distance from apex of antenniferous tubercle to anterior border of eye: 0.6; eye length: 0.6; antennal segments length: I: 17.5; II: 17.7; III: 1.4; IV: absent; labial segments length: II [first visible]: 0.4; III: 0.6; IV: 1.5. Thorax: pronotum: fore lobe length: 3.3; hind lobe length: 2.4; width at posterior margin: 2.0; forewing length: 15.4. Legs length: fore legs: coxa: 6.8; femur: 9.8, maximum width: 0.45; tibia: 4.4; tarsus: 1.0; middle legs: femur: 19.5; tibia: 29.0; tarsus: 0.9; hind legs: femur: 25.0; tibia: 40.0; tarsus: 1.0. Abdomen: length: 13.0. Similar to male (Fig. 39). Reddish markings more extensive: clypeus reddish; small reddish spot at antennifer tubercle, laterally; a fine reddish medial stripe on ante-ocular portion of head, which is somewhat larger anteriorly, where it splits in two reddish fine lines which runs to the antennifer tubercles, forming a Y shape anteriorly; a rounded pale reddish spot around anterior portion of eyes; the medial dorsal reddish spot on post-ocular portion is oval, reaching the transverse sulcus anteriorly and basal portion of head, posteriorly; a thin reddish median stripe on longitudinal median furrow of fore lobe of pronotum, which is fainter on anterior third; ventral portion of fore lobe of pronotum and lateral portions of mesothorax and metathorax with reddish tinge; apical portions of fore coxae, mid and hind coxae, and basal portion of trochanters with reddish tinge or partially reddish; mid and hind femora with general color reddish to red brownish; whitish portions of adjacent areas of femorotibial joints of mid and hind legs with reddish tinge, more extensive on mid legs (Figs. 40–41); the apical extremities of mid and hind femora and basal extremities of mid and hind tibiae reddish, whereas these markings on mid legs are larger (Figs. 40–41); reddish veins of forewing more strongly or extensively colored; scattered reddish small markings or portions with reddish tinge on abdomen. VESTITURE: Distance between the basal single seta and the first seta of the anteroventral series, 0.8 mm; distance from base of fore femur to insertion of first spiniform seta of anteroventral series, 5.2 mm, and from apex of fore trochanter, 4.7 mm. Distance from base of fore femur to insertion of first spiniform seta in posteroventral series, 4.0 mm, and from apex of fore trochanter, longer than length of fore tarsus, 3.4 mm. Setae in posteroventral series longer, approximately as long as the maximum width of fore femur. STRUCTURE: head approximately 1.7 times as long as wide across eyes; fore tibia less than half the length of fore femur; forewings almost attaining apex of abdomen, with the genital segments only partially exposed on dorsal view. All tarsi three-segmented. Posterior margin of last tergite without prolongation. Last sternite somewhat acute at median portion of apex. Lateral view of external genitalia as in Fig. 42.
Distribution. Brazil, state of Minas Gerais.
Etymology. The new species is named in honor of the Brazilian entomologist, Catarina Macedo Lopes, for her great contribution to medical entomology.
Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais, Mariana, cave “GS-41”, 06–16.VI.2011, Bessi et al. leg., holotype, 1 male, [MNRJ]; Rio Acima, cave “qdf_cpmt_ca3_cav0007”, 29.III–01.IV.2011, Andrade et al. leg., paratype, 1 female.
Discussion. Phasmatocoris catarinae sp. nov. can be readily separated from other species of the genus by its larger size: while length of other Phasmatocoris species ranges from 6 to 20 mm (Wygodzinsky 1966, Gil-Santana et al. 2007, Pape 2013), the total length of P. catarinae sp. nov. is 22.2–24.0 mm. The conspicuous markings of the body (Figs. 17–22, 24, 39–41) is another feature that readily distinguishes P. catarinae sp. nov. from all other congeners.
description: Published as part of Gil-Santana, Hélcio R., 2015, Two new species of Phasmatocoris Breddin from Brazil, and description of the male of Phasmatocoris borgmeieri (Wygodzinsky) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae), pp. 51-70 in Zootaxa 4059 (1) on pages 57-62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/239754