cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Deterministic Filter for Inertial Navigation and Bias Estimation with Guaranteed Performance
Creators: name: Ludher, Ajay Singh
name: Tawhid, Marium
name: Hashim, Hashim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Unmanned vehicle navigation concerns estimating attitude, position, and linear velocity of the vehicle the six degrees of freedom (6 DoF). It has been known that the true navigation dynamics are highly nonlinear modeled on the Lie Group of $\mathbb{SE}_{2}(3)$. In this paper, a nonlinear filter for inertial navigation is proposed. The filter ensures systematic convergence of the error components starting from almost any initial condition. Also, the errors converge asymptotically to the origin. Experimental results validates the robustness of the proposed filter.
description: 24th International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference
Semantic Preserving Bijective Mappings of Mathematical Formulae between Document Preparation Systems and Computer Algebra Systems
Creators: name: Cohl, Howard S.
name: Schubotz, Moritz
name: Youssef, Abdou
name: Greiner-Petter, André
name: Gerhard, Jürgen
name: Saunders, Bonita V.
name: ~McClain, Marjorie A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Document preparation systems like LaTeX offer the ability to render mathematical expressions as one would write these on paper. Using LaTeX, LaTeXML, and tools generated for use in the National Institute of Standards (NIST) Digital Library of Mathematical Functions, semantically enhanced mathematical LaTeX markup (semantic LaTeX) is achieved by using a semantic macro set. Computer algebra systems (CAS) such as Maple and Mathematica use alternative markup to represent mathematical expressions. By taking advantage of Youssef's Part-of-Math tagger and CAS internal representations, we develop algorithms to translate mathematical expressions represented in semantic LaTeX to corresponding CAS representations and vice versa. We have also developed tools for translating the entire Wolfram Encoding Continued Fraction Knowledge and University of Antwerp Continued Fractions for Special Functions datasets, for use in the NIST Digital Repository of Mathematical Formulae. The overall goal of these efforts is to provide semantically enriched standard conforming MathML representations to the public for formulae in digital mathematics libraries. These representations include presentation MathML, content MathML, generic LaTeX, semantic LaTeX, and now CAS representations as well.
description: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics (CICM)
title: A seamless filter for daily to seasonal forecasts, with applications to Iran and Brazil
Creators: name: Bürger, Gerd
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: A digital filter is introduced which treats the problem of predictability versus time averaging in a continuous, seamless manner. This seamless filter (SF) is characterized by a unique smoothing rule that determines the strength of smoothing in dependence on lead time. The rule needs to be specified beforehand, either by expert knowledge or by user demand. As a result, skill curves are obtained that allow a predictability assessment across a whole range of time-scales, from daily to seasonal, in a uniform manner. The SF is applied to downscaled SEAS5 ensemble forecasts for two focus regions in or near the tropical belt, the river basins of the Karun in Iran and the Sao Francisco in Brazil. Both are characterized by strong seasonality and semi-aridity, so that predictability across various time-scales is in high demand. Among other things, it is found that from the start of the water year (autumn), areal precipitation is predictable with good skill for the Karun basin two and a half months ahead; for the Sao Francisco it is only one month, longer-term prediction skill is just above the critical level.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1214
Quantum oscillations in graphene in the presence of disorder and interactions
Creators: name: Goswami, Pallab
name: Jia, Xun
name: Chakravarty, Sudip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum oscillations in graphene is discussed. The effect of interactions are addressed by Kohn's theorem regarding de Haas-van Alphen oscillations, which states that electron-electron interactions cannot affect the oscillation frequencies as long as disorder is neglected and the system is sufficiently screened, which should be valid for chemical potentials not very close to the Dirac point. We determine the positions of Landau levels in the presence of potential disorder from exact transfer matrix and finite size diagonalization calculations. The positions are shown to be unshifted even for moderate disorder; stronger disorder, can, however, lead to shifts, but this also appears minimal even for disorder width as large as one-half of the bare hopping matrix element on the graphene lattice. Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations of the conductivity are calculated analytically within a self-consistent Born approximation of impurity scattering. The oscillatory part of the conductivity follows the widely invoked Lifshitz-Kosevich form when certain mass and frequency parameters are properly interpreted.
description: Appendix A was removed, as the content of it is already contained in Ref. 17. Thanks to M. A. H. Vozmediano
title: In vivo assembly of a Dictyostelium lamin mutant induced by light, mechanical stress, and pH
Creators: name: Grafe, Marianne
name: Hofmann, Phillip
name: Batsios, Petros
name: Meyer, Irene
name: Gräf, Ralph
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: We expressed Dictyostelium lamin (NE81) lacking both a functional nuclear localization signal and a CAAX-box for C-terminal lipid modification. This lamin mutant assembled into supramolecular, three-dimensional clusters in the cytosol that disassembled at the onset of mitosis and re-assembled in late telophase, thus mimicking the behavior of the endogenous protein. As disassembly is regulated by CDK1-mediated phosphorylation at serine 122, we generated a phosphomimetic S122E mutant called GFP-NE81-S122E-∆NLS∆CLIM. Surprisingly, during imaging, the fusion protein assembled into cytosolic clusters, similar to the protein lacking the phosphomimetic mutation. Clusters disassembled again in the darkness. Assembly could be induced with blue but not green or near ultraviolet light, and it was independent of the fusion tag. Assembly similarly occurred upon cell flattening. Earlier reports and own observations suggested that both blue light and cell flattening could result in a decrease of intracellular pH. Indeed, keeping the cells at low pH also reversibly induced cluster formation. Our results indicate that lamin assembly can be induced by various stress factors and that these are transduced via intracellular acidification. Although these effects have been shown in a phosphomimetic CDK1 mutant of the Dictyostelium lamin, they are likely relevant also for wild-type lamin.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1213
Linear aggregation beyond isodesmic symmetry
Creators: name: Henderson, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exactly solvable models of linear aggregation have been known since Ising's seminal one-dimensional model. This model is defined by a unique nearest-neighbour bond strength that is independent of the length of the cluster; known as isodesmic symmetry. Linear aggregation in real systems has often been associated with broken isodesmic symmetry. Here we show that important examples can be mapped to a class of one-dimensional models that are also exactly solvable.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary document for Flexible focal array engineering with binary array vector optical field - 7219469.pdf
Creators: name: Gao, Xu-Zhen
name: Li, Qing-Lu
name: Zhao, Tian-Fei
name: Kong, Ya-Ning
name: Tan, Guo-Dong
name: Pan, Yue
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The values of the parameters in Figs. 3-6
title: Surface etching of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) with NaOH: a systematic approach
Creators: name: Schneider, Matthias
name: Fritzsche, Nora
name: Puciul-Malinowska, Agnieszka
name: Balis, Andrzej
name: Mostafa, Amr
name: Bald, Ilko
name: Zapotoczny, Szczepan
name: Taubert, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The article describes a systematic investigation of the effects of an aqueous NaOH treatment of 3D printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA) scaffolds for surface activation. The PLA surface undergoes several morphology changes and after an initial surface roughening, the surface becomes smoother again before the material dissolves. Erosion rates and surface morphologies can be controlled by the treatment. At the same time, the bulk mechanical properties of the treated materials remain unaltered. This indicates that NaOH treatment of 3D printed PLA scaffolds is a simple, yet viable strategy for surface activation without compromising the mechanical stability of PLA scaffolds.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1212
Using strong electromagnetic fields to control x-ray processes
Creators: name: Young, Linda
name: Buth, Christian
name: Dunford, Robert W.
name: Ho, Phay J.
name: Kanter, Elliot P.
name: Krässig, Bertold
name: Peterson, Emily R.
name: Rohringer, Nina
name: Santra, Robin
name: Southworth, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploration of a new ultrafast-ultrasmall frontier in atomic and molecular physics has begun. Not only is is possible to control outer-shell electron dynamics with intense ultrafast optical lasers, but now control of inner-shell processes has become possible by combining intense infrared/optical lasers with tunable sources of x-ray radiation. This marriage of strong-field laser and x-ray physics has led to the discovery of methods to control reversibly resonant x-ray absorption in atoms and molecules on ultrafast timescales. Using a strong optical dressing field, resonant x-ray absorption in atoms can be markedly suppressed, yielding an example of electromagnetically induced transparency for x rays. Resonant x-ray absorption can also be controlled in molecules using strong non-resonant, polarized laser fields to align the framework of a molecule, and therefore its unoccupied molecular orbitals to which resonant absorption occurs. At higher laser intensities, ultrafast field ionization produces an irreversible change in x-ray absorption. Finally, the advent of x-ray free electron lasers enables first exploration of non-linear x-ray processes.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, RevTeX4, submitted to Revista Mexicana de Fisica
Formation and characterization of an Al-rich metastable phase in Al-B phase diagram
Creators: name: Malkin, A. I.
name: Chernyshev, V. V.
name: Ryazantseva, A. A.
name: Vasiliev, A. L.
name: Nickolsky, M. S.
name: Shiryaev, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum heat treatment of mechanically-alloyed powders of boron and aluminum leads to formation of a metastable Al-rich phase, which can be quenched. Its structure, composition, and thermal stability are established. With chemical formula Al1.28B the rhombohedral phase is unusually rich in Al. Parameters of the unit cell determined from X-ray powder diffraction are: a=18.3464(19) Å, c=8.9241(9) Å, 2601.3(6) Å3, space group R-3. It is stable at heating up to 630 °C. It is suggested that this phase is an important intermediate step in formation of AlB2 and, eventually, of other borides and its nucleation and thermal stability are explained by high elastic energy hindering formation of equilibrium phases at low temperatures.
description: Accepted to Journal of Applied Crystallography
Non-equilibrium processes: driven lattice gases, interface dynamics, and quenched disorder effects on density profiles and currents
Creators: name: de Queiroz, S. L. A.
name: Stinchcombe, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP), and their connection with the dynamical scaling of moving interfaces described by a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation are investigated. With periodic boundary conditions, scaling of interface widths (the latter defined via a discrete occupation-number-to-height mapping), gives the exponents $α=0.500(5)$, $z=1.52(3)$, $β=0.33(1)$. With open boundaries, results are as follows: (i) in the maximal-current phase, the exponents are the same as for the periodic case, and in agreement with recent Bethe ansatz results; (ii) in the low-density phase, curve collapse can be found to a rather good extent, with $α=0.497(3)$, $z=1.20(5)$, $β=0.41(2)$, which is apparently at variance with the Bethe ansatz prediction $z=0$; (iii) on the coexistence line between low- and high- density phases, $α=0.99(1)$, $z=2.10(5)$, $β=0.47(2)$, in relatively good agreement with the Bethe ansatz prediction $z=2$. From a mean-field continuum formulation, a characteristic relaxation time, related to kinematic-wave propagation and having an effective exponent $z^\prime=1$, is shown to be the limiting slow process for the low density phase, which accounts for the above-mentioned discrepancy with Bethe ansatz results. For TASEP with quenched bond disorder, interface width scaling gives $α=1.05(5)$, $z=1.7(1)$, $β=0.62(7)$. From a direct analytic approach to steady-state properties of TASEP with quenched disorder, closed-form expressions for the piecewise shape of averaged density profiles are given, as well as rather restrictive bounds on currents. All these are substantiated in numerical simulations.
title: Performance analysis and science mapping of institutional entrepreneurship research
Creators: name: Tiberius, Victor
name: Rietz, Meike
name: Bouncken, Ricarda B.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Institutional entrepreneurship comprises the activities of agents who disrupt existing social institutions or create new ones, often to enable diffusion, especially of radical innovations, in a market. The increased interest in institutional entrepreneurship has produced a large number of scholarly publications, especially in the last five years. As a consequence, the literature landscape is somewhat complex and scattered. We aim to compile a quantitative overview of the field within business and management research by conducting bibliometric performance analyses and science mappings. We identified the most productive and influential journals, authors, and articles with the highest impact. We found that institutional entrepreneurship has stronger ties to organization studies than to entrepreneurship research. Additionally, a large body of literature at the intersection of institutions and entrepreneurship does not refer to institutional entrepreneurship theory. The science mappings revealed a distinction between theoretical and conceptual research on one hand and applied and empirical research on the other hand. Research clusters reflect the structure–agency problem by focusing on the change agent’s goals and interests, strategies, and specific implementation mechanisms, as well as the relevance of public agents for existing institutions, and a more abstract process rather than agency view.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe; 145
Black holes as antimatter factories
Creators: name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Dolgov, Alexander D.
name: Petrov, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider accretion of matter onto a low mass black hole surrounded by ionized medium. We show that, because of higher mobility of protons than electrons, the black hole would acquire positive electric charge. If the black hole's mass is about or below $10^{20}$ g, the electric field at the horizon can reach the critical value which leads to vacuum instability and electron--positron pair production by the Schwinger mechanism. Since the positrons are ejected by the emergent electric field, while electrons are back--captured, the black hole operates as an antimatter factory which effectively converts protons into positrons.
description: 5 pages, no figure. v2: with discussion section not included in the refereed version
Labour Productivity Superstatistics
Creators: name: Aoyama, Hideaki
name: Yoshikawa, Hiroshi
name: Iyetomi, Hiroshi
name: Fujiwara, Yoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss superstatistics theory of labour productivity. Productivity distribution across workers, firms and industrial sectors are studied empirically and found to obey power-distributions, in sharp contrast to the equilibrium theories of mainstream economics. The Pareto index is found to decrease with the level of aggregation, {\it i.e.}, from workers to firms and to industrial sectors. In order to explain these phenomenological laws, we propose a superstatistics framework, where the role of the fluctuating temperature is played by the fluctuating demand.
description: 13 pages including figures
SNe and their impact during the early evolution of Type I Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Jiménez, Santiago
name: Tenorio-Tagle, Guillermo
name: Silich, Sergiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iron composition of globular clusters (GCs) is homogeneous in all but a few massive clusters, despite the presence of multiple stellar populations. Hence, most if not all the supernovae (SN) ejecta was not used to form stars. Here by means of semi-analytic and numerical studies we address this issue considering both stellar winds and supernovae feedback during the early evolution of proto-globular clusters. We calculate the ability of stellar winds to form a global wind that removes the gas left over from star formation. The innermost radius from which such a global wind can be formed, the superwind radius $R_{SW}$, is a function of the cloud parameters and the star formation efficiency. In the case of complete gas expulsion ($R_{\textrm{SW}}=0$), the SN ejecta merge with shock-heated winds and exit the cluster. On the other hand, when $R_{\textrm{SW}}>0$, supernova remnants (SNRs) become pressure-confined if evolving within a critical radius $R_{\textrm{blow}}$, and mix their products with the residual gas. However, outside of this central zone the SNRs experience blowout. In such cases, the thermalized ejecta escapes the cluster, making the SN products unavailable for the formation of new stars. We estimated the metallicity enhancement ($Δ\textrm{[Fe/H]}$) of the leftover gas and discuss the conditions required to produce secondary stellar populations with $Δ\textrm{[Fe/H]}$ in the range observed in the majority of GCs.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in in MNRAS
title: Source pools and disharmony of the world’s island floras
Creators: name: König, Christian
name: Weigelt, Patrick
name: Taylor, Amanda
name: Stein, Anke
name: Dawson, Wayne
name: Essl, Franz
name: Pergl, Jan
name: Pyšek, Petr
name: Kleunen, Mark van
name: Winter, Marten
name: Chatelain, Cyrille
name: Wieringa, Jan J.
name: Krestov, Pavel
name: Kreft, Holger
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Island disharmony refers to the biased representation of higher taxa on islands compared to their mainland source regions and represents a central concept in island biology. Here, we develop a generalizable framework for approximating these source regions and conduct the first global assessment of island disharmony and its underlying drivers. We compiled vascular plant species lists for 178 oceanic islands and 735 mainland regions. Using mainland data only, we modelled species turnover as a function of environmental and geographic distance and predicted the proportion of shared species between each island and mainland region. We then quantified the over- or under-representation of families on individual islands (representational disharmony) by contrasting the observed number of species against a null model of random colonization from the mainland source pool, and analysed the effects of six family-level functional traits on the resulting measure. Furthermore, we aggregated the values of representational disharmony per island to characterize overall taxonomic bias of a given flora (compositional disharmony), and analysed this second measure as a function of four island biogeographical variables. Our results indicate considerable variation in representational disharmony both within and among plant families. Examples of generally over-represented families include Urticaceae, Convolvulaceae and almost all pteridophyte families. Other families such as Asteraceae and Orchidaceae were generally under-represented, with local peaks of over-representation in known radiation hotspots. Abiotic pollination and a lack of dispersal specialization were most strongly associated with an insular over-representation of families, whereas other family-level traits showed minor effects. With respect to compositional disharmony, large, high-elevation islands tended to have the most disharmonic floras. Our results provide important insights into the taxon- and island-specific drivers of disharmony. The proposed framework allows overcoming the limitations of previous approaches and provides a quantitative basis for incorporating functional and phylogenetic approaches into future studies of island disharmony.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1211
Statistical mechanics of a dielectric polymer chain in the force ensemble
Creators: name: Grasinger, Matthew
name: Dayal, Kaushik
name: deBotton, Gal
name: Purohit, Prashant K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constitutive modeling of dielectric elastomers has been of long standing interest in mechanics. Over the last two decades rigorous constitutive models have been developed that couple the electrical response of these polymers with large deformations characteristic of soft solids. A drawback of these models is that unlike classic models of rubber elasticity they do not consider the coupled electromechanical response of single polymer chains which must be treated using statistical mechanics. The objective of this paper is to compute the stretch and polarization of single polymer chains subject to a fixed force and fixed electric field using statistical mechanics. We assume that the dipoles induced by the applied electric field at each link do not interact with each other and compute the partition function using standard techniques. We then calculate the stretch and polarization by taking appropriate derivatives of the partition function and obtain analytical results in various limits. We also perform Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations using the Metropolis and umbrella sampling methods, as well as develop a new sampling method which improves convergence by exploiting a symmetry inherent in dielectric polymer chains. The analytical expressions are shown to agree with the Monte Carlo results over a range of forces and electric fields. Our results complement recent work on the statistical mechanics of electro-responsive chains which obtains analytical expressions in a different ensemble.
The "True" Column Density Distribution in Star-Forming Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Schnee, Scott L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the COMPLETE Survey's observations of the Perseus star-forming region to assess and intercompare three methods for measuring column density in molecular clouds: extinction mapping (NIR); thermal emission mapping (FIR); and mapping the intensity of CO isotopologues. The structures shown by all three tracers are morphologically similar, but important differences exist. Dust-based measures give similar, log-normal, distributions for the full Perseus region, once careful calibration corrections are made. We also compare dust- and gas-based column density distributions for physically-meaningful sub-regions of Perseus, and we find significant variations in the distributions for those regions. Even though we have used 12CO data to estimate excitation temperatures, and we have corrected for opacity, the 13CO maps seem unable to give column distributions that consistently resemble those from dust measures. We have edited out the effects of the shell around the B-star HD 278942. In that shell's interior and in the parts where it overlaps the molecular cloud, there appears to be a dearth of 13CO, likely due either to 13CO not yet having had time to form in this young structure, and/or destruction of 13CO in the molecular cloud. We conclude that the use of either dust or gas measures of column density without extreme attention to calibration and artifacts is more perilous than even experts might normally admit. And, the use of 13CO to trace total column density in detail, even after proper calibration, is unavoidably limited in utility due to threshold, depletion, and opacity effects. If one's main aim is to map column density, then dust extinction seems the best probe. Linear fits amongst column density tracers are given, quantifying the inherent uncertainties in using one tracer (when compared with others). [abridged]
description: Accepted in ApJ. 13 pages, 6 color figures. It includes small changes to improve clarity. For a version with high-resolution figures see http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/COMPLETE/papers/Goodman_ColumnDensity.pdf
LGBTQ-AI? Exploring Expressions of Gender and Sexual Orientation in Chatbots
Creators: name: Edwards, Justin
name: Clark, Leigh
name: Perrone, Allison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Chatbots are popular machine partners for task-oriented and social interactions. Human-human computer-mediated communication research has explored how people express their gender and sexuality in online social interactions, but little is known about whether and in what way chatbots do the same. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 5 text-based conversational agents to explore this topic Through these interviews, we identified 6 common themes around the expression of gender and sexual identity: identity description, identity formation, peer acceptance, positive reflection, uncomfortable feelings and off-topic responses. Chatbots express gender and sexuality explicitly and through relation of experience and emotions, mimicking the human language on which they are trained. It is nevertheless evident that chatbots differ from human dialogue partners as they lack the flexibility and understanding enabled by lived human experience. While chatbots are proficient in using language to express identity, they also display a lack of authentic experiences of gender and sexuality.
Scattering in the adjoint sector of the c = 1 Matrix Model
Creators: name: Karczmarek, Joanna L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closed string tachyon emission from a traveling long string in Liouville string theory is studied. The exact collective field Hamiltonian in the adjoint sector of the c=1 matrix model is computed to capture the interaction between the tip of the long string and the closed string tachyon field. The amplitude for emission of a single tachyon quantum is obtained in a closed form using the chiral formalism.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
title: Are we good friends?
title: Friendship preferences and the quantity and quality of mutual friendships
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Lisa
name: Wilbert, Jürgen
name: Lehofer, Mike
name: Schwab, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Empirical studies already examined various facets of the friendship construct. Building on this, the present study examines the questions of how the number of friendships and their quality differ between students with and without SEN and whether a homophily-effect can be identified. The sample consists of 455 fourth-graders from 28 inclusive classes in Austria. The results indicate that students with SEN have fewer friends than students without SEN. Furthermore, students without SEN preferred peers without SEN as a friend. This homophily-effect was shown for students with SEN, too. However, students with and without SEN rated the quality of their friendships similarly and no interactions between the SEN status of oneself or of the friend was found for the quality of the friendship. The results show that, in the context of inclusion, the issue of friendship needs to be increasingly addressed to improve the situation of students with SEN.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 732
On the K-theory of truncated polynomial algebras over the integers
Creators: name: Angeltveit, Vigleik
name: Gerhardt, Teena
name: Hesselholt, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19D55, 55Q91

description: We show that the K_{2i}(Z[x]/(x^m),(x)) is finite of order (mi)!(i!)^{m-2} and that K_{2i+1}(Z[x]/(x^m),(x)) is free abelian of rank m-1. This is accomplished by showing that the equivariant homotopy groups of the topological Hochschild spectrum THH(Z) are finite, in odd degrees, and free abelian, in even degrees, and by evaluating their orders and ranks, respectively.
description: Journal of Topology (to appear)
Asymptomatic Infection of Marburg Virus Reservoir Bats Is Explained by a Strategy of Immunoprotective Disease Tolerance
Creators: name: Guito, Jonathan C.
name: Prescott, Joseph B.
name: Arnold, Catherine E.
name: Amman, Brian R.
name: Schuh, Amy J.
name: Spengler, Jessica R.
name: Sealy, Tara K.
name: Harmon, Jessica R.
name: Coleman-McCray, JoAnn D.
name: Kulcsar, Kirsten A.
name: Nagle, Elyse R.
name: Kumar, Raina
name: Palacios, Gustavo
name: Sanchez-Lockhart, Mariano
name: Towner, Jonathan S.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: filovirus
subject: Marburg virus
subject: bat
subject: reservoir host
subject: emerging zoonotic pathogen
subject: immune response
subject: disease tolerance
subject: virus-host interaction
subject: gene expression
subject: monocyte
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Marburg virus (MARV) is among the most virulent pathogens of primates, including humans. Contributors to severe MARV disease include immune response suppression and inflammatory gene dysregulation (“cytokine storm”), leading to systemic damage and often death. Conversely, MARV causes little to no clinical disease in its reservoir host, the Egyptian rousette bat (ERB). Previous genomic and in vitro data suggest that a tolerant ERB immune response may underlie MARV avirulence, but no significant examination of this response in vivo yet exists. Here, using colony-bred ERBs inoculated with a bat isolate of MARV, we use species-specific antibodies and an immune gene probe array (NanoString) to temporally characterize the transcriptional host response at sites of MARV replication relevant to primate pathogenesis and immunity, including CD14+ monocytes/macrophages, critical immune response mediators, primary MARV targets, and skin at the inoculation site, where highest viral loads and initial engagement of antiviral defenses are expected. Our analysis shows that ERBs upregulate canonical antiviral genes typical of mammalian systems, such as ISG15, IFIT1, and OAS3, yet demonstrate a remarkable lack of significant induction of proinflammatory genes classically implicated in primate filoviral pathogenesis, including CCL8, FAS, and IL6. Together, these findings offer the first in vivo functional evidence for disease tolerance as an immunological mechanism by which the bat reservoir asymptomatically hosts MARV. More broadly, these data highlight factors determining disparate outcomes between reservoir and spillover hosts and defensive strategies likely utilized by bat hosts of other emerging pathogens, knowledge that may guide development of effective antiviral therapies.
Eliciting Spoken Interruptions to Inform Proactive Speech Agent Design
Creators: name: Edwards, Justin
name: Janssen, Christian
name: Gould, Sandy
name: Cowan, Benjamin R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current speech agent interactions are typically user-initiated, limiting the interactions they can deliver. Future functionality will require agents to be proactive, sometimes interrupting users. Little is known about how these spoken interruptions should be designed, especially in urgent interruption contexts. We look to inform design of proactive agent interruptions through investigating how people interrupt others engaged in complex tasks. We therefore developed a new technique to elicit human spoken interruptions of people engaged in other tasks. We found that people interrupted sooner when interruptions were urgent. Some participants used access rituals to forewarn interruptions, but most rarely used them. People balanced speed and accuracy in timing interruptions, often using cues from the task they interrupted. People also varied phrasing and delivery of interruptions to reflect urgency. We discuss how our findings can inform speech agent design and how our paradigm can help gain insight into human interruptions in new contexts.
DiNNO: Distributed Neural Network Optimization for Multi-Robot Collaborative Learning
Creators: name: Yu, Javier
name: Vincent, Joseph A.
name: Schwager, Mac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a distributed algorithm that enables a group of robots to collaboratively optimize the parameters of a deep neural network model while communicating over a mesh network. Each robot only has access to its own data and maintains its own version of the neural network, but eventually learns a model that is as good as if it had been trained on all the data centrally. No robot sends raw data over the wireless network, preserving data privacy and ensuring efficient use of wireless bandwidth. At each iteration, each robot approximately optimizes an augmented Lagrangian function, then communicates the resulting weights to its neighbors, updates dual variables, and repeats. Eventually, all robots' local network weights reach a consensus. For convex objective functions, we prove this consensus is a global optimum. We compare our algorithm to two existing distributed deep neural network training algorithms in (i) an MNIST image classification task, (ii) a multi-robot implicit mapping task, and (iii) a multi-robot reinforcement learning task. In all of our experiments our method out performed baselines, and was able to achieve validation loss equivalent to centrally trained models. See \href{https://msl.stanford.edu/projects/dist_nn_train}{https://msl.stanford.edu/projects/dist\_nn\_train} for videos and a link to our GitHub repository.
description: Submitted to IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (with conference ICRA)
Light Charged and CP-odd Higgses in MSSM-like Models
Creators: name: Dermisek, Radovan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Higgs sector of supersymmetric models containing two Higgs doublets with a light MSSM-like CP odd Higgs, $m_A \lesssim 10$ GeV, and $\tan β\lesssim 2.5$. In this scenario all Higgses resulting from two Higgs doublets: light and heavy CP even Higgses, $h$ and $H$, the CP odd Higgs, $A$, and the charged Higgs, $H^\pm$, could have been produced at LEP or the Tevatron, but would have escaped detection because they decay in modes that have not been searched for or the experiments are not sensitive to. Especially $H \to ZA$ and $H^\pm \to W^{\pm \star} A$ with $A \to c \bar c, τ^+ τ^-$ present an opportunity to discover some of the Higgses at LEP, the Tevatron and also at B factories. In addition, the $2.8 σ$ excess of the branching ratio $W \to τν$ with respect to the other leptons measured at LEP correlates well with the existence of the charged Higgs with properties typical for this scenario. Dominant $τ$- and $c$-rich decay products of all Higgses require modified strategies for their discovery at the LHC.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, talk presented at SUSY 2008 and ICHEP 2008
Non-uniform Braneworld Stars: an Exact Solution
Creators: name: Ovalle, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first exact interior solution to Einstein's field equations for a static and non-uniform braneworld star with local and non-local bulk terms is presented. It is shown that the bulk Weyl scalar ${\cal U}(r)$ is always negative inside the stellar distribution, in consequence it reduces both the effective density and the effective pressure. It is found that the anisotropy generated by bulk gravity effect has an acceptable physical behaviour inside the distribution. Using a Reissner-Nördstrom-like exterior solution, the effects of bulk gravity on pressure and density are found through matching conditions.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, version to be published in International Journal of Modern Physics D (IJMPD)
title: Pre-registration: Multigroup RI-CLPM of the associations between Ambivalent Sexism and Psychological Entitlement across women and men
Creators: name: Hammond, Matthew
name: Sibley, Chris G
name: Overall, Nickola
name: Lilly, Kieren James
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: NZAVS
subject: New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study
subject: Statistical Syntax
subject: Supplementary Materials
subject: Technical Documentation

description: The goal of this study is to use NZAVS data to examine the longitudinal within-person associations between psychological entitlement and ambivalent sexism, as well as how these associations vary by gender.
title: Managing phase purities and crystal orientation for high-performance and photostable cesium lead halide perovskite solar cells
Creators: name: Wang, Qiong
name: Smith, Joel A.
name: Skroblin, Dieter
name: Steele, Julian A.
name: Wolff, Christian M.
name: Caprioglio, Pietro
name: Stolterfoht, Martin
name: Köbler, Hans
name: Turren-Cruz, Silver-Hamill
name: Li, Meng
name: Gollwitzer, Christian
name: Neher, Dieter
name: Abate, Antonio
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Inorganic perovskites with cesium (Cs+) as the cation have great potential as photovoltaic materials if their phase purity and stability can be addressed. Herein, a series of inorganic perovskites is studied, and it is found that the power conversion efficiency of solar cells with compositions CsPbI1.8Br1.2, CsPbI2.0Br1.0, and CsPbI2.2Br0.8 exhibits a high dependence on the initial annealing step that is found to significantly affect the crystallization and texture behavior of the final perovskite film. At its optimized annealing temperature, CsPbI1.8Br1.2 exhibits a pure orthorhombic phase and only one crystal orientation of the (110) plane. Consequently, this allows for the best efficiency of up to 14.6% and the longest operational lifetime, T-S80, of approximate to 300 h, averaged of over six solar cells, during the maximum power point tracking measurement under continuous light illumination and nitrogen atmosphere. This work provides essential progress on the enhancement of photovoltaic performance and stability of CsPbI3 - xBrx perovskite solar cells.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1210
Spin injection from Fe into Si(001): ab initio calculations and role of the Si complex band structure
Creators: name: Mavropoulos, Phivos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of spin injection from Fe into Si(001), using the Schottky barrier at the Fe/Si contact as tunneling barrier. Our calculations are based on density-functional theory for the description of the electronic structure and on a Landauer-Buttiker approach for the current. The current-carrying states correspond to the six conduction band minima of Si, which, when projected on the (001) surface Brillouin zone (SBZ), form five conductance hot spots: one at the SBZ center and four symmetric satellites. The satellites yield a current polarization of about 50%, while the SBZ center can, under very low gate voltage, yield up to almost 100%, showing a zero-gate anomaly. This extremely high polarization is traced back to the symmetry mismatch of the minority-spin Fe wavefunctions to the conduction band wavefunctions of Si at the SBZ center. The tunneling current is determined by the complex band structure of Si in the [001] direction, which shows qualitative differences compared to that of direct-gap semiconductors. Depending on the Fermi level position and Schottky barrier thickness, the complex band structure can cause the contribution of the satellites to be orders of magnitude higher or lower than the central contribution. Thus, by appropriate tuning of the interface properties, there is a possibility to cut off the satellite contribution and to reach high injection efficiency. Also, we find that a moderate strain of 0.5% along the [001] direction is sufficient to lift the degeneracy of the pockets so that only states at the zone center can carry current.
An Approach Detecting the Event Horizon of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Miyoshi, Makoto
name: Kameno, Seiji
name: Ishituka, Jose K.
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
name: Takahashi, Rohta
name: Horiuchi, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging the vicinity of a black hole is one of the ultimate goals of VLBI astronomy. The closest massive black hole, Sgr A*, located at the Galactic center, is the leading candidate for such observations. Combined with recent VLBI recording technique and submillimeter radio engineering, we now have sufficient sensitivity for the observations. Here we show performance simulations of submillimeter VLBI arrays for imaging Sgr A*. Good images are obtained from submillimeter VLBI arrays in the southern hemisphere composed of more than 10 stations. We also note that even with a small array, we can estimate the shadow size and then the mass of the black hole from visibility analysis. Now, all we need is to construct a submillimeter VLBI array in the southern hemisphere if we wish to unveil the black hole environment of Sgr A*. Key words: black hole, event horizon, Sgr A*, submillimeter
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The MBHBM$^{\star}$ Project -- II. Molecular Gas Kinematics in the Lenticular Galaxy NGC 3593 Reveal a Supermassive Black Hole
Creators: name: Nguyen, Dieu D.
name: Bureau, Martin
name: Thater, Sabine
name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Brok, Mark den
name: Cappellari, Michelle
name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Neumayer, Nadine
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Izumi, Takuma
name: Kawamuro, Taiki
name: Baba, Shunsuke
name: Nguyen, Phuong M.
name: Iguchi, Satoru
name: Tsukui, Takafumi
name: T., Lam N.
name: Ho, Than
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of the Measuring Black Holes in Below Milky Way-mass (M$^\star$) galaxies (MBHBM$^\star$) Project, we present a dynamical measurement of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass in the nearby lenticular galaxy NGC 3593, using cold molecular gas $^{12}$CO(2-1) emission observed at an angular resolution of $\approx0''.3$ ($\approx10$ pc) with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Our ALMA observations reveal a circumnuclear molecular gas disc (CND) elongated along the galaxy major axis and rotating around the SMBH. Using dynamical modelling, the molecular gas kinematics allow us to infer a SMBH mass $M_{\rm BH}=2.40_{-1.05}^{+1.87}\times10^6$ M$_\odot$ (only statistical uncertainties at the $3σ$ level). We also detect a massive core of cold molecular gas (CMC) of mass $M_{\rm CMC}=(5.4\pm1.2)\times10^6$ M$_\odot$ and effective (half-mass) radius $r_{\rm CMC,e}=11.2\pm2.8$ pc, co-spatial with a nuclear star cluster (NSC) of mass $M_{\rm NSC}=(1.67\pm0.48)\times10^7$ M$_\odot$ and effective radius $r_{\rm NSC,e}=5.0\pm1.0$~pc (or $0''.15\pm0''.03$). The mass profiles of the CMC and NSC are well described by Sérsic functions with indices $1-1.4$. Our $M_{\rm BH}$ and $M_{\rm NSC}$ estimates for NGC 3593 agree well with the recently compiled $M_{\rm BH}$-$M_{\rm NSC}$ scaling relation. Although the $M_{\rm NSC}$ uncertainty is twice the inferred $M_{\rm BH}$, the rapid central rise of the rotation velocities of the CND (as the radius decreases) clearly suggests a SMBH. Indeed, our dynamical models show that even if $M_{\rm NSC}$ is at the upper end of its allowed range, the evidence for a black hole does not vanish, but remains with a lower limit of $M_{\rm BH}>3\times10^5$ M$_\odot$.
description: 27 pages, 18 Figures, 8 Tables. Accepted to MNRAS