cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rectification in a mixture of active and passive particles subject to a ratchet potential
Creators: name: Derivaux, Jean-François
name: Jack, Robert L.
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study by simulation a mixture of active (run-and-tumble) and passive (Brownian) particles with repulsive exclusion interactions in one dimension, subject to a ratchet (smoothed sawtooth) potential. Such a potential is known to rectify active particles at one-body level, creating a net current in the `easy direction'. This is the direction in which one encounters the lower maximum force en route to the top of a potential barrier. The exclusion constraint results in single-file motion, so the mean velocities of active and passive particles are identical; we study the effects of activity level, Brownian diffusivity, particle size, initial sequence of active and passive particles, and active/passive concentration ratio on this mean velocity (i.e., the current per particle). We show that in some parameter regimes the sign of the current is reversed. This happens when the passive particles are at high temperature and so would cross barriers relatively easily, and without rectification, except that they collide with `cold' active ones, which would otherwise be localized near the potential minima. In this case, the reversed current arises because hot passive particles push cold active ones preferentially in the direction with the lower spatial separation between the bottom and top of the barrier. A qualitatively similar mechanism operates in a mixture containing passive particles of two very different temperatures, although there is no quantitative mapping between that case and the systems studied here.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Synthesis of Chiral Benzofuran-Derived β-Amino Esters Induced by N-tert-Butanesulfinamide
Creators: name: Zhao, Yun-Hui
name: Liu, Han-Wen
name: Ren, Xin-Fang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

description: The benzofuran skeleton is commonly found in a wide variety of natural products that display a wide range of biological activities. For this reason, benzofuran has a high potential for use as a scaffold in both chemical and pharmaceutical syntheses of natural products. This work describes the development of a novel asymmetric synthetic method of benzofuran-derived β-amino esters via K2CO3-promoted domino reactions of ortho-hydroxyl aromatic N-tert-butylsulfinyl imines and diethyl bromomalonate. A small library of target compounds was prepared under optimized reaction conditions in moderate to good yields with high distereoselective and enantioselective properties. The newly-generated chiral carbon-center was of an (S)-configuration as determined by X-ray diffraction.
Dynamics of Li deposition on epitaxial graphene/Ru(0001) islands
Creators: name: Prieto, J. E.
name: González-Barrio, M. A.
name: García-Martín, E.
name: Soria, G. D.
name: de la Garza, L. Morales
name: de la Figuera, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Li metal has been deposited on the surface of a Ru(0001) single crystal containing patches of monolayer-thick epitaxial graphene islands. The use of low-energy electron microscopy and diffraction allowed us to {\em in situ} monitor the process by measuring the local work function as well as to study the system in real and reciprocal space, comparing the changes taking place on the graphene with those on the bare Ru(0001) surface. It is found that Li deposition decreases the work function of the graphene islands but to a much smaller degree than of the Ru(0001) surface, as corresponds to its intercalation below the graphene overlayer. Finally, the diffusion process of Li out of the graphene islands has been monitored by photoelectron microscopy using a visible-light laser.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Applied Surface Science
Synthesis, Characterization, Drug Delivery, and Splinting Activity of Folic Acid Bridged Poly(ɛ-caprolactone-co-tetrahydrofuran)
Creators: name: S. Kailash
name: B. Meenarathi
name: S. Palanikumar
name: R. Anbarasan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Pharmacology
Medicine
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: Synthesis of a material for drug delivery application is a fascinating field of research. Folic acid (FA) is an anticancer drug and is used as an initiator for the ring opening polymerization of ϵ-caprolactone (CL) at 160°C for 2 h under N2 atmosphere. The FA end-capped PCL (P1) was used as an effective initiator for the ring opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the presence of phthalic anhydride (PAH) as a comonomer (P2) at 45°C for 48 h under inert atmospheric condition with mild stirring. The obtained polymers were characterized by FTIR, NMR, DSC, TGA, FESEM, GPC, SEM, UV-visible spectrometry, and EDAX. Appearance of a peak at 1595 cm−1 confirmed the formation of copolymer through tetrahydrofuronium ion. The copolymer structure can be confirmed by noting a peak at 7.6 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectrum. The increase in weight average molecular weight of P2 confirmed the copolymer formation. The previously synthesized polymer was tested toward the splitting application and further confirmed by determining the tensile strength. The drug delivery study was also conducted. P1 and P2 exhibited the Hixson-Crowell and Higuchi model drug release mechanisms, respectively. The water contact angle measurement also confirmed the conversion of hydrophobic in to hydrophilic during the copolymer formation.
ISSUES OF OPTIMIZING THE ATTRACTION OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS TO THE ECONOMY OF UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Ibragimov, Husan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Attracting foreign direct investment plays a crucial role in the modernization and development of the economy of Uzbekistan. By bringing in capital, technology, and management expertise from overseas, foreign investment can help accelerate industrialization, boost exports, create jobs, and transfer valuable skills to the domestic workforce. However, there are still several issues that need to be addressed to optimize the attraction of foreign capital and maximize its benefits for the country. This article will examine some of the key challenges and propose policy recommendations to make Uzbekistan a more attractive destination for international investors.
Development of a highly sensitive biotin–streptavidin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting diethyl phthalate based on a specific polyclonal antibody
Creators: name: Ruiyan Sun
name: Huisheng Zhuang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: An indirect competitive biotin–streptavidin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BA-ELISA) has been established for the determination of diethyl phthalate (DEP) in wine samples. A highly sensitive and specific polyclonal antibody (pAb-DEP) targeting DEP was prepared. Under optimized conditions, good linearity was achieved within a range of 0.021–9.512 μg·L−1. The limit of detection (IC10) was 0.0079 μg·L−1 and the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.443 μg·L−1. Besides, the BA-ELISA was highly selective, with low cross-reactivity values with DEP analogs (below 5%). Finally, the concentrations of DEP in wine samples ranged from 5.93 μg·L−1 to 59.15 μg·L−1 by BA-ELISA. Satisfactory recoveries (89.19–112.33%) and variation coefficient values (5.81–9.43%) were successfully obtained. The consistency between the results of BA-ELISA and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was 97.48%, which further confirmed that the proposed BA-ELISA immunoassay is reliable, rapid, sensitive, and accurate for monitoring DEP in wine samples.
Investigating the migration of immiscible contaminant fluid flow in homogeneous and heterogeneous aquifers with high-precision numerical simulations
Creators: name: Feo, Alessandra
name: Celico, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical modeling of the migration of three-phase immiscible fluid flow in variably saturated zones is challenging due to the different behavior of the system between unsaturated and saturated zones. This behavior results in the use of different numerical methods for the numerical simulation of the fluid flow depending on whether it is in the unsaturated or saturated zones. This paper shows that using a high-resolution shock-capturing conservative method to resolve the nonlinear governing coupled partial differential equations of a three-phase immiscible fluid flow allows the numerical simulation of the system through both zones providing a unitary vision (and resolution) of the migration of an immiscible contaminant problem within a porous medium. In particular, using different initial scenarios (including impermeable 'lenses' in heterogeneous aquifers), three-dimensional numerical simulation results are presented on the temporal evolution of the contaminant migration following the saturation profiles of the three-phases fluids flow in variably saturated zones. It is considered either light nonaqueous phase liquid with a density less than the water, or dense nonaqueous phase liquid, which has densities greater than the water initially released in unsaturated dry soil. Our study shows that the fate of the migration of immiscible contaminants in variably saturated zones can be accurately described, using a unique mathematical conservative model, with different evolution depending on the value of the system's physical parameters, including the contaminant density, and accurately tracking the evolution of the sharp (shock) contaminant front.
description: 37 pages, 18 figures. Typos corrected. References added. Results unchanged. Accepted for publication in PLOS ONE
Time-dependent extension of the self-consistent band theory for neutron star matter: Anti-entrainment effects in the slab phase
Creators: name: Sekizawa, Kazuyuki
name: Kobayashi, Sorataka
name: Matsuo, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: In the solid crust of neutron stars, a variety of crystalline structure may exist. Recently the band theory of solids has been applied to the inner crust of neutron stars and significance of the entrainment between dripped neutrons and the solid crust was advocated. Since it influences interpretations of various phenomena of neutron stars, it has been desired to develop deeper understanding of the microphysics behind. Purpose: The purpose of the present article is to propose a fully self-consistent microscopic framework for describing time-dependent dynamics of neutron star matter, which allows us to explore diverse properties of nuclear matter, including the entrainment effect. Results: As the first application of the time-dependent self-consistent band theory for nuclear systems, we investigate the slab phase of nuclear matter with various proton fractions. From a dynamic response of the system to an external force, we extract the collective mass of a slab, associated with entrained neutrons as well as bound nucleons. We find that the extracted collective mass is smaller than a naive estimation based on a potential profile and single-particle energies. We show that the reduction is mainly caused by "counterflow" of dripped neutrons towards the direction opposite to the motion of the slabs. We interpret it as an "anti-entrainment" effect. As a result, the number of effectively bound neutrons is reduced, indicating an enhancement of the number density of conduction neutrons. We demonstrate that those findings are consistent with a static treatment in the band theory of solids. *shortened due to the arXiv's word limit.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; v2 - A figure (Fig. 10) has been added. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Monotonic Quantile Regression with Bernstein Polynomials for Stochastic Simulation
Creators: name: Tan, Matthias H.Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Quantile regression is an important tool to determine the quality level of service, product, and operation systems via stochastic simulation. It is frequently known that the quantiles of the output distribution are monotonic functions of certain inputs to the simulation model. Because there is typically high variability in estimation of tail quantiles, it can be valuable to incorporate this information in quantile modeling. However, the existing literature on monotone quantile regression with multiple inputs is sparse. In this paper, we propose a class of monotonic regression models, which consists of functional ANOVA (FANOVA) decomposition components modeled with Bernstein polynomial bases for estimating quantiles as a function of multiple inputs. The polynomial degrees of the bases for the model and the FANOVA components included in the model are selected by a greedy algorithm. Real examples demonstrate the advantages of incorporating the monotonicity assumption in quantile regression and the good performance of the proposed methodology for estimating quantiles.
A Robust Description of Hadronic Decays in Light Vector Mediator Models
Creators: name: Foguel, Ana Luisa
name: Reimitz, Peter
name: Funchal, Renata Zukanovich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abelian U(1) gauge group extensions of the Standard Model represent one of the most minimal approaches to solve some of the most urgent particle physics questions and provide a rich phenomenology in various experimental searches. In this work, we focus on baryophilic vector mediator models in the MeV-to-GeV mass range and, in particular, present, for the first time, gauge vector field decays into almost arbitrary hadronic final states. Using only very little theoretical approximations, we rigorously follow the vector meson dominance theory in our calculations. We study the effect on the total and partial decay widths, the branching ratios, and not least on the present (future) experimental limits (reach) on (for) the mass and couplings of light vector particles in different models. We compare our results to current results in the literature. Our calculations are publicly available in a python package to compute various vector particle decay quantities in order to describe leptonic as well as hadronic decay signatures for experimental searches.
description: 43 pages, 22 figures; DeLiVeR code available at https://github.com/preimitz/DeLiVeR ; v2: minor modifications, inclusion of error estimate section, new limits and references; matches version accepted for publication in JHEP
How well do we know the gluon polarization in the proton?
Creators: name: Zhou, Y.
name: Sato, N.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the first simultaneous global QCD analysis of spin-averaged and spin-dependent parton distribution functions (PDFs), including single jet production data from unpolarized and polarized hadron collisions. We critically assess the impact of SU(3) flavor symmetry and PDF positivity assumptions on the quark and gluon helicity PDFs, and find strong bias from these, particularly on the gluon polarization. The simultaneous analysis allows for the first time extraction of individual helicity-aligned and antialigned PDFs with a consistent treatment of uncertainties.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures
Synthesis, spectral characterization, crystal structures of lanthanide(III) pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complexes and their catalytic activity
Creators: name: Ponnuchamy Pitchaimani
name: Lo, Kong Mun
name: Kuppanagounder P. Elango
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A series of lanthanide(III) pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complexes [Ln(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)] {Pyrrol-Dtc = pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; Ln = La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Dy(III), Er(III)} have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The molecular structures of [La(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)], [Pr(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)], [Sm(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)], and [Dy(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)] have been confirmed using single crystal XRD studies. The results reveal that in these complexes, the central Ln(III) ion is coordinated to three Pyrrol-Dtc and one Phen and possesses a distorted dodecahedron geometry. Catalytic activity of these complexes in trimethylsilylcyanation reaction has been studied.
Solving the container pre-marshalling problem using variable length genetic algorithms
Creators: name: Gheith, Mohamed
name: Eltawil, Amr B.
name: Harraz, Nermine A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In container terminals, the yard area consists of a set of blocks, which consists of a set of bays. Each bay consists of a set of stacks, which consists of a set of tiers. In the container pre-marshalling problem, an initial layout of a bay is converted to a final desired layout. The final layout follows the given loading schedule of this bay. This has a direct impact on the most important container terminal performance measure: the vessel loading time. The deviation between the current layout and the desired layout is expressed by the value of the mis-overlays. The objective of the pre-marshalling problem is to eliminate the mis-overlays with the minimum number of container movements. In this article, a variable chromosome length genetic algorithm was applied to solve the problem. The results of the new solution approach were compared against benchmark instances and the results were remarkably better.
EP-PQM: Efficient Parametric Probabilistic Quantum Memory with Fewer Qubits and Gates
Creators: name: Khan, Mushahid
name: Faye, Jean Paul Latyr
name: Mendes, Udson C.
name: Miranskyy, Andriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) classification tasks can be carried out on a quantum computer (QC) using Probabilistic Quantum Memory (PQM) and its extension, Parameteric PQM (P-PQM) by calculating the Hamming distance between an input pattern and a database of $r$ patterns containing $z$ features with $a$ distinct attributes. For accurate computations, the feature must be encoded using one-hot encoding, which is memory-intensive for multi-attribute datasets with $a>2$. We can easily represent multi-attribute data more compactly on a classical computer by replacing one-hot encoding with label encoding. However, replacing these encoding schemes on a QC is not straightforward as PQM and P-PQM operate at the quantum bit level. We present an enhanced P-PQM, called EP-PQM, that allows label encoding of data stored in a PQM data structure and reduces the circuit depth of the data storage and retrieval procedures. We show implementations for an ideal QC and a noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) device. Our complexity analysis shows that the EP-PQM approach requires $O\left(z \log_2(a)\right)$ qubits as opposed to $O(za)$ qubits for P-PQM. EP-PQM also requires fewer gates, reducing gate count from $O\left(rza\right)$ to $O\left(rz\log_2(a)\right)$. For five datasets, we demonstrate that training an ML classification model using EP-PQM requires 48% to 77% fewer qubits than P-PQM for datasets with $a>2$. EP-PQM reduces circuit depth in the range of 60% to 96%, depending on the dataset. The depth decreases further with a decomposed circuit, ranging between 94% and 99%. EP-PQM requires less space; thus, it can train on and classify larger datasets than previous PQM implementations on NISQ devices. Furthermore, reducing the number of gates speeds up the classification and reduces the noise associated with deep quantum circuits. Thus, EP-PQM brings us closer to scalable ML on a NISQ device.
description: Clarification edits
Synthesis, spectral characterization, crystal structures of lanthanide(III) pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complexes and their catalytic activity
Creators: name: Ponnuchamy Pitchaimani
name: Lo, Kong Mun
name: Kuppanagounder P. Elango
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A series of lanthanide(III) pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate complexes [Ln(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)] {Pyrrol-Dtc = pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate; Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; Ln = La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Dy(III), Er(III)} have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The molecular structures of [La(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)], [Pr(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)], [Sm(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)] and [Dy(Pyrrol-Dtc)3(Phen)] have been confirmed using single crystal XRD studies. The results reveal that in these complexes the central Ln(III) ion is coordinated to three Pyrrol-Dtc and one Phen and possesses a distorted dodecahedron geometry. Catalytic activity of these complexes in trimethylsilyl cyanation reaction has been studied.
Solving the container pre-marshalling problem using variable length genetic algorithms
Creators: name: Gheith, Mohamed
name: Eltawil, Amr B.
name: Harraz, Nermine A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In container terminals, the yard area consists of a set of blocks, which consists of a set of bays. Each bay consists of a set of stacks, which consists of a set of tiers. In the container pre-marshalling problem, an initial layout of a bay is converted to a final desired layout. The final layout follows the given loading schedule of this bay. This has a direct impact on the most important container terminal performance measure: the vessel loading time. The deviation between the current layout and the desired layout is expressed by the value of the mis-overlays. The objective of the pre-marshalling problem is to eliminate the mis-overlays with the minimum number of container movements. In this article, a variable chromosome length genetic algorithm was applied to solve the problem. The results of the new solution approach were compared against benchmark instances and the results were remarkably better.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Canada
Creators: name: Doorey, David J.
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Employment Law; Income support; Leaves of absence; Canadian Emergency Response Benefit (CERB); Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy (CEWS)

description: Canadian governments have responded to COVID-19 in a number of ways. The federal government has responded primarily in the form of a massive stimulus package that includes: (1) the CanadianEmergency Response Benefit, which provides $500 per week to qualified workers who lose income due to COVID-19; and (2) the Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidyprogram, which covers up to 75 percent of wages for eligible private sector employers. The provinces have responded principally by introducing extended job protected leave entitlements to protect the jobs of employees forced to stop working due to COVID-19 related reasons.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
The Controlled Thermodynamic Integral for Bayesian Model Evidence Evaluation
Creators: name: Oates, Chris J.
name: Papamarkou, Theodore
name: Girolami, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Approximation of the model evidence is well known to be challenging. One promising approach is based on thermodynamic integration, but a key concern is that the thermodynamic integral can suffer from high variability in many applications. This article considers the reduction of variance that can be achieved by exploiting control variates in this setting. Our methodology applies whenever the gradient of both the log-likelihood and the log-prior with respect to the parameters can be efficiently evaluated. Results obtained on regression models and popular benchmark datasets demonstrate a significant and sometimes dramatic reduction in estimator variance and provide insight into the wider applicability of control variates to evidence estimation. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Multicomponent Domino Process for the Synthesis of Some Novel Benzo[a]chromenophenazine Fused Ring Systems Using H2SO4, Phosphotungstic Acid, and [NMP]H2PO4
Creators: name: M. Rajeswari
name: Khanna, Garima
name: Ankita Chaudhary
name: Jitender M. Khurana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

description: Efficient, mild, and quantitative procedures for the synthesis of functionalized benzo[c]chromeno[2,3-a]phenazine derivatives by one-pot, four-component condensation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione, 1,2-phenylenediamines, aromatic aldehydes, and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds have been developed using catalytic amounts of H2SO4 and phosphotungstic acid in EtOH/H2O (1:1) under reflux and also with [NMP]H2PO4, which acts as catalyst and medium at 80 °C. The reaction avoids tedious workup procedure due to the direct precipitation of products from the reaction medium. The present finding provides promising synthetic strategies for the synthesis of libraries with functional group diversity.
AirPose: Multi-View Fusion Network for Aerial 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation
Creators: name: Saini, Nitin
name: Bonetto, Elia
name: Price, Eric
name: Ahmad, Aamir
name: Black, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, we present a novel markerless 3D human motion capture (MoCap) system for unstructured, outdoor environments that uses a team of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with on-board RGB cameras and computation. Existing methods are limited by calibrated cameras and off-line processing. Thus, we present the first method (AirPose) to estimate human pose and shape using images captured by multiple extrinsically uncalibrated flying cameras. AirPose itself calibrates the cameras relative to the person instead of relying on any pre-calibration. It uses distributed neural networks running on each UAV that communicate viewpoint-independent information with each other about the person (i.e., their 3D shape and articulated pose). The person's shape and pose are parameterized using the SMPL-X body model, resulting in a compact representation, that minimizes communication between the UAVs. The network is trained using synthetic images of realistic virtual environments, and fine-tuned on a small set of real images. We also introduce an optimization-based post-processing method (AirPose$^{+}$) for offline applications that require higher MoCap quality. We make our method's code and data available for research at https://github.com/robot-perception-group/AirPose. A video describing the approach and results is available at https://youtu.be/xLYe1TNHsfs.
Automated machine learning for secure key rate in discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-Ping
name: Zhou, Min-Gang
name: Liu, Wen-Bo
name: Li, Chen-Long
name: Gu, Jie
name: Yin, Hua-Lei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) with discrete modulation has attracted increasing attention due to its experimental simplicity, lower-cost implementation and compatibility with classical optical communication. Correspondingly, some novel numerical methods have been proposed to analyze the security of these protocols against collective attacks, which promotes key rates over one hundred kilometers of fiber distance. However, numerical methods are limited by their calculation time and resource consumption, for which they cannot play more roles on mobile platforms in quantum networks. To improve this issue, a neural network model predicting key rates in nearly real time has been proposed previously. Here, we go further and show a neural network model combined with Bayesian optimization. This model automatically designs the best architecture of neural network computing key rates in real time. We demonstrate our model with two variants of CV QKD protocols with quaternary modulation. The results show high reliability with secure probability as high as $99.15\%-99.59\%$, considerable tightness and high efficiency with speedup of approximately $10^7$ in both cases. This inspiring model enables the real-time computation of unstructured quantum key distribution protocols' key rate more automatically and efficiently, which has met the growing needs of implementing QKD protocols on moving platforms.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Atomistic simulations of magnetoelastic effects on sound velocity
Creators: name: Nieves, P.
name: Tranchida, J.
name: Nikolov, S.
name: Fraile, A.
name: Legut, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we leverage atomistic spin-lattice simulations to examine how magnetic interactions impact the propagation of sound waves through a ferromagnetic material. To achieve this, we characterize the sound wave velocity in BCC iron, a prototypical ferromagnetic material, using three different approaches that are based on the oscillations of kinetic energy, finite-displacement derived forces, and corrections to the elastic constants, respectively. Successfully applying these methods within the spin-lattice framework, we find good agreement with the Simon effect including high order terms. In analogy to experiments, morphic coefficients associated with the transverse and longitudinal waves propagating along the [001] direction are extracted from fits to the fractional change in velocity data. The present efforts represent an advancement in magnetoelastic modelling capabilities which can expedite the design of future magneto-acoustic devices.
Online antioxidant activity and ultra-performance LC-electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry for chemical fingerprinting of Indian polyherbal formulations
Creators: name: Kumar, Neeraj
name: Khan, Shahid M.
name: Bhutani, Kamlesh K.
name: Pamita Bhandari
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: A HPLC–DAD–DPPH method was developed for evaluating the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity of ethylacetate extracts of different polyherbal formulations (draksarista, draksava, lohasava and arvindasava) by using RP-18e column. The ethylacetate extract from polyherbal, ‘draksarista’ exhibited maximum free radical scavenging activity (99.9 ± 0.38%) followed by draksava (99.8 ± 0.34%), lohasava (98.5 ± 0.30%) and arvindasava (42.3 ± 0.34%) at 100 μg mL− 1. Simultaneously, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) was used to study chemical composition of the ethylacetate extracts of formulations. The characteristic electrospray mass ionisation reveals the dominance of polyphenols and their glycosides in the four polyherbal formulations.
Attosecond dispersion as a diagnostics tool for solid-density laser-generated plasmas
Creators: name: Sundström, Andréas
name: Pusztai, István
name: Eng-Johnsson, Per
name: Fülöp, Tünde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme-ultraviolet pulses can propagate through ionised solid-density targets, unlike optical pulses and, thus, have the potential to probe the interior of such plasmas on sub-femtosecond timescales. We present a synthetic diagnostic method for solid-density laser-generated plasmas based on the dispersion of an extreme-ultraviolet attosecond probe pulse, in a pump--probe scheme. We demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of this approach through calculating the dispersion of an extreme-ultraviolet probe pulse propagating through a laser-generated plasma. The plasma dynamics is calculated using a particle-in-cell simulation, whereas the dispersion of the probe is calculated with an external pseudo-spectral wave solver, allowing for high accuracy when calculating the dispersion. The application of this method is illustrated on thin-film plastic and aluminium targets irradiated by a high-intensity pump pulse. By comparing the dispersion of the probe pulse at different delays relative to the pump pulse, it is possible to follow the evolution of the plasma as it disintegrates. The high-frequency end of the dispersion provides information on the line-integrated electron density, whereas lower frequencies are more affected by the highest density encountered along the path of the probe. In addition, the presence of thin-film interference could be used to study the evolution of the plasma surface.
description: Published in Journal of Plasma Physics
The controlled thermodynamic integral for Bayesian model evidence evaluation
Creators: name: Oates, Chris J.
name: Papamarkou, Theodore
name: Girolami, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: Approximation of the model evidence is well-known to be challenging. One promising approach is based on thermodynamic integration, but a key concern is that the thermodynamic integral can suffer from high variability in many applications. This paper considers the reduction of variance that can be achieved by exploiting control variates in this setting. Our methodology applies whenever the gradient of both the log-likelihood and the log-prior with respect to the parameters can be efficiently evaluated. Results obtained on regression models and popular benchmark datasets demonstrate a significant and sometimes dramatic reduction in estimator variance and provide insight into the wider applicability of control variates to evidence estimation.
The generalized first law for more general matter
Creators: name: Chen, Hong Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous work, a first law of generalized entropy was derived from semiclassical gravitational dynamics around thermal setups using an assumed relation between the matter modular Hamiltonian and the gravitational stress tensor. Allowing for non-minimal coupling between curvature and any tensor matter fields, we show however, that the modular Hamiltonian of thermal states is given by the integrated bulk Noether current associated to time translation plus a spacetime boundary term. One generally cannot express this in terms of gravitational stress tensor components. Still, working with the correct expression for the modular Hamiltonian, we are able to recover a first law of generalized entropy, with added benefits over the previous result. Firstly, any Wald-Dong contributions to generalized entropy resulting from non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature are included. Secondly, in gravitational equations of motion, we allow for a non-vanishing stress tensor expectation value in the unperturbed background and state, and account for background field perturbations as part of its variation. Finally, the quantum matter is allowed to contribute nontrivially to asymptotic energy, e.g. as is necessary, even for a minimally coupled Maxwell field, to recover the expected thermodynamic first law of charged black holes.
description: 82 pages, 4 figures; references added, v2 published to JHEP
Dark matter from torsion in Friedmann cosmology
Creators: name: Pereira, S. H.
name: Vicente, A. M.
name: Jesus, J. F.
name: Holanda, R. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological model in an Einstein-Cartan framework endowed with torsion is studied. For a torsion function assumed to be proportional to Hubble expansion function, namely $ϕ=-αH$, the contribution of torsion function as a dark matter component is studied in two different approaches. In the first one, the total matter energy density is altered by torsion coupling $α$, giving rise to an effective dark matter and cosmological constant terms that reproduce quite well the flat cosmic concordance model. In the second approach, starting with just standard baryonic matter plus a cosmological constant term, it is obtained that the coupling of torsion with baryons and cosmological constant term naturally gives rise to a dark matter contribution, together a modified cosmological term. In this model the dark matter sector can be interpreted as an effective coupling of the torsion function with the ordinary baryonic matter and cosmological constant. Finally, it is shown that both models are totally compatible with recent cosmological data from Supernovae and Hubble parameter measurements.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Relicts of the Pleistocene Po Plain on the Western and Southern slopes of Turin Hill (NW Italy)
Creators: name: M. Gabriella Forno
name: Lucchesi, Stefania
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A detailed geological survey of the Southern slope of Turin Hill reveals a Pleistocene terraced fluvial succession consisting of flat surfaces separated by scarps with associated fluvial clayey–silty and gravelly sediments. This succession is not linked to the present N–S hilly streams, but is instead related to major Pleistocene W–E rivers. The collected regional data suggest an ancient trend of the Po River flowing across Turin Hill, prior to its present course to the north of the hill. The Pleistocene terraced fluvial succession of the Western slope of Turin Hill is also mapped, based on a previous survey to allow a full reconstruction of the ancient rivers. The collected regional data and the petrographic analysis show that this succession is related to an ancient tributary of the Po River (Dora Riparia River). Wide saddles of the same river have been mapped on the main watershed between the two slopes of Turin Hill. The capping of soils less evolved with decreasing elevation over the fluvial sediments and landforms indicates that the whole terraced succession covers a large time range (Middle–Upper Pleistocene). The reported geologic successions and the current morphology of the relief result from the uplift and deformation of the Pleistocene Po Plain and the Dora Riparia Plain that were shaped at the south of Turin Hill. The proposed age/elevation relationships for the mapped terraces suggest a remarkable uplift of Turin Hill during the late Quaternary.
The Irony of a handshake of Friendship with the West A Reflection on Oyono-s HiuseBoy and The Oldman and the Medal.pdf
Creators: name: Kalu, Kalu  Obasi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470501
subject: African literature

description: The African proverb that 'a set of white teeth does not indicate a pure heart' aptly illustrates the relationship that exists between Africa and the West. Colonization, which is the image of friendship with the White man, turns out to be a curse rather than a blessing. The Africans in their brotherhood temperament happily offer a handshake with the White man with the hope of fostering a good relationship, only to discover that the kind gesture is tainted with bad omen by his guest. The advancement of the White man was a happy thing to the Africans ,who assumed it to usher in a good relationship between the West and the Africans. But it rather turned out to be a curse. Though belaboured in literary criticism, this paper attempts to look at the irony of the handshake as a symbolic image, exposing the White man's wicked impressions as against the good intentions of the Africans. To do this, Oyono's Houseboy and The Old Man and the Medal are used for this study. The paper examines the degree of acceptance by the Africans and the humane acceptance of the White man and his eventual exploitative attitude toward the same people who happily accepted them. The White man's use of violence to oppress, subjugate and assault his hosts. The paper explores the ridiculing nature of colonialism and provides insight to view the psychology of both the White man and his African host. Allusion is also made of other texts that express the same themes.
Role of Gauss-Bonnet corrections in a DGP brane gravitational collapse
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Yaser
name: Ardabili, Ahad K.
name: Bouhmadi-López, Mariam
name: Moniz, Paulo Vargas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An Oppenheimer-Snyder (OS)-type collapse is considered for a Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) brane, whereas a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term is provided for the bulk. We study the combined effect of the DGP induced gravity plus the GB curvature, regarding any modification of the general relativistic OS dynamics. Our paper has a twofold objective. On the one hand, we investigate the nature of singularities that may arise at the collapse end state. It is shown that all dynamical scenarios for the contracting brane would end in one of the following cases, depending on conditions imposed: either a central shell-focusing singularity or what we designate as a "sudden collapse singularity." On the other hand, we also study the deviations of the exterior spacetime from the standard Schwarzschild geometry, which emerges in our modified OS scenario. Our purpose is to investigate whether a black hole always forms regarding this brane world model. We find situations where a naked singularity emerges instead.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures (version published in PRD)
Assessing Optical Properties and Refractive Index of Combustion Aerosol Particles Through Combined Experimental and Modeling Studies
Creators: name: J. Kim
name: H. Bauer
name: T. Dobovičnik
name: R. Hitzenberger
name: D. Lottin
name: D. Ferry
name: A. Petzold
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biophysics

description: The variability of optical properties of combustion particles generated from a propane diffusion flame under varying fuel-to-air (C/O) ratios was studied with a three-wavelength nephelometer, a particle soot absorption photometer, and an integrating sphere photometer. Information on particle size distribution, morphology, and elemental carbon to total carbon (EC/TC) ratios were obtained from scanning mobility particle sizer measurements, transmission electron microscopy analyses, and thermal-optical analyses. Particles generated under a low C/O ratio (0.22) showed high elemental carbon fraction (EC/TC = 0.77) and low brown carbon to equivalent black carbon (BrC/EBC) ratio (0.01), and were aggregates composed of small primary particles. Rayleigh–Debye–Gans theory reproduced experimental single-scattering albedo, ω, absorption, and scattering Ångström exponents within 56, 3, and 18%, respectively. In contrast, particles produced under a high C/O ratio (0.60) showed low elemental carbon fraction (EC/TC = 0.09) and high BrC/EBC ratio >100, and were smaller and spherical in shape. Their optical properties were better modeled with Mie theory. By minimizing the difference between calculated and measured ω and Ångström exponents, refractive indices of OC at three visible wavelengths were deduced. Contrary to the widely accepted assumption that refractive index of BC is wavelength independent, BC-rich particles exhibited absorption Ångström exponent >1.0 which implies some degree of wavelength dependence.Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research