cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Controlling polymer translocation and ion transport via charge correlations
Creators: name: Buyukdagli, Sahin
name: Ala-Nissila, Tapio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a correlation-corrected transport theory in order to predict ionic and polymer transport properties of membrane nanopores in physical conditions where mean-field electrostatics breaks down. The experimentally observed low KCl conductivity of open alpha-Hemolysin pores is quantitatively explained by the presence of surface polarization effects. Upon the penetration of a DNA molecule into the pore, these polarization forces combined with the electroneutrality of DNA sets a lower boundary for the ionic current, explaining the weak salt dependence of blocked pore conductivities at dilute ion concentrations. The addition of multivalent counterions into the solution results in the reversal of the polymer charge and the direction of the electroosmotic flow. With trivalent spermidine or quadrivalent spermine molecules, the charge inversion is strong enough to stop the translocation of the polymer and to reverse its motion. This mechanism can be used efficiently in translocation experiments in order to improve the accuracy of DNA sequencing by minimizing the translocation velocity of the polymer.
description: Accepted for publication in Langmuir
Disorder dependence of the ferromagnetic quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Sang, Y.
name: Belitz, D.
name: Kirkpatrick, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantitatively discuss the influence of quenched disorder on the ferromagnetic quantum phase transition in metals, using a theory that describes the coupling of the magnetization to gapless fermionic excitations. In clean systems, the transition is first order below a tricritical temperature T_tc. Quenched disorder is predicted to suppress T_tc until it vanishes for residual resistivities rho_0 on the order of several microOhmcm for typical quantum ferromagnets. We discuss experiments that allow to distinguish the mechanism considered from other possible realizations of a first-order transition.
description: 5pp, 1 figure; additional references
Analysis of microsatellite mutations in the mitochondrial DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Petes, T. D.
name: Butler, C. A.
name: Dominska, M.
name: Greenwell, P.
name: Sia, E. A.
name: Fox, T. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: In the nuclear genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, simple, repetitive DNA sequences (microsatellites) mutate at rates much higher than nonrepetitive sequences. Most of these mutations are deletions or additions of repeat units. The yeast mitochondrial genome also contains many microsatellites. To examine the stability of these sequences, we constructed a reporter gene (arg8m) containing out-of-frame insertions of either poly(AT) or poly(GT) tracts within the coding sequence. Yeast strains with this reporter gene inserted within the mitochondrial genome were constructed. Using these strains, we showed that poly(GT) tracts were considerably less stable than poly(AT) tracts and that alterations usually involved deletions rather than additions of repeat units. In contrast, in the nuclear genome, poly(GT) and poly(AT) tracts had similar stabilities, and alterations usually involved additions rather than deletions. Poly(GT) tracts were more stable in the mitochondria of diploid cells than in haploids. In addition, an msh1 mutation destabilized poly(GT) tracts in the mitochondrial genome.
Properties of Green Valley Galaxies at Redshift of z < 0.1 in Relation to their Selection Criteria
Creators: name: B. Nyiransengiyumva,
name: M. Povic
name: P. Nkundabakura
name: A. Mahoro
name: T. Mutabazi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: galaxies: active, galaxies :star formation, galaxies : evolution,

description: The bi-modality in the distribution of galaxies usually obtained from colour-colour or colour-mass diagrams has been studied to show the difference between the “blue cloud” and “red sequence” galaxies and define the green valley region (transitional region), galaxies in it are expected to give clues in the understanding of the morphological and evolutional transformation of galaxies from late-types to early-types. In this research, we study how different green valley selection criteria used in previous works affect the final results and conclusions. We analyse the distribution of stellar mass, SFR and sSFR; classify galaxies spectroscopically and morphologically in different green valley samples. We found that by selecting the green valley galaxies based on UV or optical data, we obtain different types of galaxies
 in terms of their stellar masses, luminosities, SFRs, morphological and spectroscopic classes..
Instantaneous band gap collapse in photoexcited monoclinic VO$_2$ due to photocarrier doping
Creators: name: Wegkamp, Daniel
name: Herzog, Marc
name: Xian, Lede
name: Gatti, Matteo
name: Cudazzo, Pierluigi
name: McGahan, Christina L.
name: Marvel, Robert E.
name: Haglund, Richard F.
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Wolf, Martin
name: Stähler, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy we demonstrate that photoexcitation transforms monoclinic VO$_2$ quasi-instantaneously into a metal. Thereby, we exclude an 80 femtosecond structural bottleneck for the photoinduced electronic phase transition of VO$_2$. First-principles many-body perturbation theory calculations reveal a high sensitivity of the VO$_2$ bandgap to variations of the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction, supporting a fully electronically driven isostructral insulator-to-metal transition. We thus conclude that the ultrafast band structure renormalization is caused by photoexcitation of carriers from localized V 3d valence states, strongly changing the screening \emph{before} significant hot-carrier relaxation or ionic motion has occurred.
Health practitioner experience of Health and Disability Commissioner investigations
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Jillian
name: Marshall, Christopher
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified

description: INTRODUCTION: The New Zealand Health and Disability Commissioner (HDC) Act 1994 was designed to protect the rights of consumers and provide a fair, simple, speedy, and efficient resolution to complaints. No recent studies have been published about the health practitioner experience of HDC investigations following a patient complaint, and none that include nurses and midwives. AIM: To use a restorative inquiry framework to understand the impacts and needs of health practitioners arising from an event that led to an investigation by the HDC during the last 10 years. METHODS: A descriptive qualitative approach was used with data collected using semi-structured interviews with doctors, nurses, and midwives (n = 13). The data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Participants worked in primary care, aged care, and services provided by public hospitals. The emotional impacts arising from the event and investigation were profound, with long-lasting effects on participants' sense of self, reputation, and how, or if, they continued to practice. Participants indicated a need for support from colleagues and employers, a fair and relational investigation process, and a meaningful way of connecting to put things right. DISCUSSION: A shift to a restorative approach whereby people involved in a complaint come together to speak truthfully about what happened and its impact on their lives, offers hope for a process that repairs relationships and improves health services. Restorative approaches clarify accountabilities and could lead to more satisfactory outcomes for all parties. This study contributes to emerging thinking about the use of restorative approaches in health-care contexts.
Anatomy of a proficient enzyme: The structure of orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase in the presence and absence of a potential transition state analog
Creators: name: Milburn, M. V.
name: Miller, B. G.
name: Short, S. A.
name: Hassell, A. M.
name: Wolfenden, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Orotidine 5′-phosphate decarboxylase produces the largest rate enhancement that has been reported for any enzyme. The crystal structure of the recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae enzyme has been determined in the absence and presence of the proposed transition state analog 6-hydroxyuridine 5′-phosphate, at a resolution of 2.1 Å and 2.4 Å, respectively. Orotidine 5′-phosphate decarboxylase folds as a TIM-barrel with the ligand binding site near the open end of the barrel. The binding of 6-hydroxyuridine 5′-phosphate is accompanied by protein loop movements that envelop the ligand almost completely, forming numerous favorable interactions with the phosphoryl group, the ribofuranosyl group, and the pyrimidine ring. Lysine-93 appears to be anchored in such a way as to optimize electrostatic interactions with developing negative charge at C-6 of the pyrimidine ring, and to donate the proton that replaces the carboxylate group at C-6 of the product. In addition, H-bonds from the active site to O-2 and O-4 help to delocalize negative charge in the transition state. Interactions between the enzyme and the phosphoribosyl group anchor the pyrimidine within the active site, helping to explain the phosphoribosyl group's remarkably large contribution to catalysis despite its distance from the site of decarboxylation.
Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
Creators: name: Unkn
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
description: Bd. 73, 1917
A mutli-thread tabu search algorithm
Creators: name: Connor, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a novel refinement to a Tabu search algorithm that has been implemented in an attempt to improve the robustness of the search when applied to particularly complex problems. In this approach, two Tabu searches are carried out in parallel. Each search thread is characterised by it's own short term memory which forces that point out of local optima. However, the two search threads share an intermediate term memory so allowing a degree of information to be passed between them. Results are presented for both unconstrained and constrained numerical functions as well as a problem in the field of hydraulic circuit optimization. Simulation of hydraulic circuit performance is achieved by linking the optimization algorithm to the commercial simulation package Bathfp.
Drug Discovery for Parasitic Diseases: Powered by Advanced Technology and Enabled Pharmacology
Creators: name: 1Varsha kukashwal*, 1Aditi Malviya, 1 G. Ramya Bharathi, 1Geetanjali
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: This article explores the latest breakthroughs in drug discovery for parasitic diseases, highlighting how cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence and high-throughput screening are revolutionizing the field. From identifying new drug targets to streamlining clinical trials, these innovations are helping scientists develop more effective treatments faster. Despite these advancements, challenges like drug resistance and limited resources persist, making ongoing research and collaboration essential to combating these widespread diseases and improving global health.
Aortic wall damage in mice unable to synthesize ascorbic acid
Creators: name: Wilder, J.
name: Nakata, Y.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Hagihara, H.
name: Reddick, R.
name: Hiller, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: By inactivating the gene for l-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase, a key enzyme in ascorbic acid synthesis, we have generated mice that, like humans, depend on dietary vitamin C. Regular chow, containing about 110 mg/kg of vitamin C, is unable to support the growth of the mutant mice, which require l-ascorbic acid supplemented in their drinking water (330 mg/liter). Upon withdrawal of supplementation, plasma and tissue ascorbic acid levels decreased to 10–15% of normal within 2 weeks, and after 5 weeks the mutants became anemic, began to lose weight, and die. Plasma total antioxidative capacities were approximately 37% normal in homozygotes after feeding the unsupplemented diet for 3–5 weeks. As plasma ascorbic acid decreased, small, but significant, increases in total cholesterol and decreases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. The most striking effects of the marginal dietary vitamin C were alterations in the wall of aorta, evidenced by the disruption of elastic laminae, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and focal endothelial desquamation of the luminal surface. Thus, marginal vitamin C deficiency affects the vascular integrity of mice unable to synthesize ascorbic acid, with potentially profound effects on the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Breeding the vitamin C-dependent mice with mice carrying defined genetic mutations will provide numerous opportunities for systematic studies of the role of antioxidants in health and disease.
Fluctuation effects in bidirectional cargo transport
Creators: name: Klein, Sarah
name: Appert-Rolland, Cécile
name: Santen, Ludger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We discuss a theoretical model for bidirectional cargo transport in biological cells, which is driven by teams of molecular motors and subject to thermal fluctuations. The model describes explicitly the directed motion of the molecular motors on the filament. The motor-cargo coupling is implemented via linear springs. By means of extensive Monte Carlo simulations we show that the model describes the experimentally observed regimes of anomalous diffusion, i.e. subdiffusive behavior at short times followed by superdiffusion at intermediate times. The model results indicate that subdiffuse regime is induced by thermal fluctuations while the superdiffusive motion is generated by correlations of the motors' activity. We also tested the efficiency of bidirectional cargo transport in crowded areas by measuring its ability to pass barriers with increased viscosity. Our results show a remarkable gain of efficiency for high viscosities.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Synthesis of Novel C/D Ring Modified Bile Acids
Creators: name: Aponte, RA Landaeta
name: Luxenburger, Andreas
name: Cameron, Scott
name: Weymouth-Wilson, A
name: Furneaux, Richard
name: Harris, Lawrence
name: Compton, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Organic Chemistry

description: Bile acid receptors have been identified as important targets for the development of new therapeutics to treat various metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The synthesis of new bile acid analogues can help elucidate structure–activity relationships and define compounds that activate these receptors selectively. Towards this, access to large quantities of a chenodeoxycholic acid derivative bearing a C-12 methyl and a C-13 to C-14 double bond provided an interesting scaffold to investigate the chemical manipulation of the C/D ring junction in bile acids. The reactivity of this alkene substrate with various zinc carbenoid species showed that those generated using the Furukawa methodology achieved selective α-cyclopropanation, whereas those generated using the Shi methodology reacted in an unexpected manner giving rise to a rearranged skeleton whereby the C ring has undergone contraction to form a novel spiro–furan ring system. Further derivatization of the cyclopropanated steroid included O-7 oxidation and epimerization to afford new bile acid derivatives for biological evaluation.
Weltall-Mechanik. Rede bei der akademischen Feier des Geburtstages Seiner Majestät des Königs i. J. 1917
Creators: name: Kriemler, Karl
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
description: Bd. 73, 1917
Über besonders merkwürdige Färbungsvarietäten der Kreuzotter, nebst ergänzenden Mitteilungen über das Vorkommen und die Verbreitung derselben in Württemberg, sowie über das Naturell der Giftschlangen
Creators: name: Buchner, Otto
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
description: Bd. 73, 1917
BRG-1 is required for RB-mediated cell cycle arrest
Creators: name: DeCristofaro, M. F.
name: Weissman, B. E.
name: Strobeck, M. W.
name: Knudsen, E. S.
name: Knudsen, K. E.
name: Fribourg, A. F.
name: Imbalzano, A. N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The antiproliferative action of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB, is disrupted in the majority of human cancers. Disruption of RB activity occurs through several disparate mechanisms, including viral oncoprotein binding, deregulated RB phosphorylation, and mutation of the RB gene. Here we report disruption of RB-signaling in tumor cells through loss of a critical cooperating factor. We have previously reported that C33A cells fail to undergo cell cycle inhibition in the presence of constitutively active RB (PSM-RB). To determine how C33A cells evade RB-mediated arrest, cell fusion experiments were performed with RB-sensitive cells. The resulting fusions were arrested by PSM-RB, indicating that C33A cells lack a factor required for RB-mediated cell cycle inhibition. C33A cells are deficient in BRG-1, a SWI/SNF family member known to stimulate RB activity. Consistent with BRG-1 deficiency underlying resistance to RB-mediated arrest, we identified two other BRG-1-deficient cell lines (SW13 and PANC-1) and demonstrate that these tumor lines are also resistant to cell cycle inhibition by PSM-RB and p16ink4a, which activates endogenous RB. In cell lines lacking BRG-1, we noted a profound defect in RB-mediated repression of the cyclin A promoter. This deficiency in RB-mediated transcriptional repression and cell cycle inhibition was rescued through ectopic coexpression of BRG-1. We also demonstrate that 3T3-derived cells, which inducibly express a dominant-negative BRG-1, arrest by PSM-RB and p16ink4a in the absence of dominant-negative BRG-1 expression; however, cell cycle arrest was abrogated on induction of dominant-negative BRG-1. These findings demonstrate that BRG-1 loss renders cells resistant to RB-mediated cell cycle progression, and that disruption of RB signaling through loss of cooperating factors occurs in cancer cells.
Die Mollusken des schwäbischen Lösses in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart
Creators: name: Geyer, David
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
description: Bd. 73, 1917
Clonogenic hepatoblasts, common precursors for hepatocytic and biliary lineages, are lacking classical major histocompatibility complex class I antigen
Creators: name: Kubota, H.
name: Reid, L. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: An in vitro colony-forming assay and flow cytometry were used to identify rat hepatoblasts as being classical MHC class I, RT1Al-, OX18low intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)+. Inducible differentiation toward biliary lineage was observed in most colonies derived from single RT1Al- progenitors, proving their bipotentiality. These findings demonstrate the antigenic profile of clonogenic hepatoblasts and proof of their bipotency. Furthermore, whereas colony formation of adult hepatocytes required epidermal growth factor, clonal growth of hepatoblasts was potentiated without epidermal growth factor. The adult hepatic colonies consisted of RT1Al+OX18+ICAM-1++ cells. These results indicate that hepatoblasts possess unique characteristics as compared with adult hepatocytes harboring significant proliferative activity. The phenotypic identity of hepatoblasts and the clonal culture system have relevance for identifying hepatic stem cells from adults, for studying liver development, and for cell therapy based on hepatic progenitors.
Über mediterrane Oniscoideen, namentlich Porcellioniden. 23. Isopoden-Aufsatz.
Creators: name: Verhoeff, Karl W.
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg : zugl. Jahrbuch d. Staatlichen Museums für Naturkunde in Stuttgart
description: Bd. 73, 1917
Observation of Small-scale Anisotropy in the Arrival Direction Distribution of TeV Cosmic Rays with HAWC
Creators: name: Abeysekara, A. U.
name: Alfaro, R.
name: Alvarez, C.
name: Álvarez, J. D.
name: Arceo, R.
name: Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.
name: Solares, H. A. Ayala
name: Barber, A. S.
name: Baughman, B. M.
name: Bautista-Elivar, N.
name: Belmont, E.
name: BenZvi, S. Y.
name: Berley, D.
name: Rosales, M. Bonilla
name: Braun, J.
name: Caballero-Mora, K. S.
name: Carramiñana, A.
name: Castillo, M.
name: Cotti, U.
name: Cotzomi, J.
name: de la Fuente, E.
name: De León, C.
name: DeYoung, T.
name: Hernandez, R. Diaz
name: Díaz-Vélez, J. C.
name: Dingus, B. L.
name: DuVernois, M. A.
name: Ellsworth, R. W.
name: Fiorino, D. W.
name: Fraija, N.
name: Galindo, A.
name: Garfias, F.
name: González, M. M.
name: Goodman, J. A.
name: Gussert, M.
name: Hampel-Arias, Z.
name: Harding, J. P.
name: Hüntemeyer, P.
name: Hui, C. M.
name: Imran, A.
name: Iriarte, A.
name: Karn, P.
name: Kieda, D.
name: Kunde, G. J.
name: Lara, A.
name: Lauer, R. J.
name: Lee, W. H.
name: Lennarz, D.
name: Vargas, H. León
name: Linnemann, J. T.
name: Longo, M.
name: Luna-García, R.
name: Malone, K.
name: Marinelli, A.
name: Marinelli, S. S.
name: Martinez, H.
name: Martinez, O.
name: Martínez-Castro, J.
name: Matthews, J. A. J.
name: McEnery, J.
name: Torres, E. Mendoza
name: Miranda-Romagnoli, P.
name: Moreno, E.
name: Mostafá, M.
name: Nellen, L.
name: Newbold, M.
name: Noriega-Papaqui, R.
name: Oceguera-Becerra, T.
name: Patricelli, B.
name: Pelayo, R.
name: Pérez-Pérez, E. G.
name: Pretz, J.
name: Rivière, C.
name: Rosa-González, D.
name: Ruiz-Velasco, E.
name: Ryan, J.
name: Salazar, H.
name: Greus, F. Salesa
name: Sandoval, A.
name: Schneider, M.
name: Sinnis, G.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Woodle, K. Sparks
name: Springer, R. W.
name: Taboada, I.
name: Toale, P. A.
name: Tollefson, K.
name: Torres, I.
name: Ukwatta, T. N.
name: Villaseñor, L.
name: Weisgarber, T.
name: Westerhoff, S.
name: Wisher, I. G.
name: Wood, J.
name: Yodh, G. B.
name: Younk, P. W.
name: Zaborov, D.
name: Zepeda, A.
name: Zhou, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory is sensitive to gamma rays and charged cosmic rays at TeV energies. The detector is still under construction, but data acquisition with the partially deployed detector started in 2013. An analysis of the cosmic-ray arrival direction distribution based on $4.9\times 10^{10}$ events recorded between June 2013 and February 2014 shows anisotropy at the $10^{-4}$ level on angular scales of about $10^\circ$. The HAWC cosmic-ray sky map exhibits three regions of significantly enhanced cosmic-ray flux; two of these regions were first reported by the Milagro experiment. A third region coincides with an excess recently reported by the ARGO-YBJ experiment. An angular power spectrum analysis of the sky shows that all terms up to $\ell=15$ contribute significantly to the excesses.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
title: Mass Spectrometric Studies of Oxygen Isotope Exchange Reactions with Oxide Surfaces
Creators: name: Allen, Gayle J.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1984

description: Isotopic exchange reactions with the surface of amorphous silica and crystalline quartz were studied mass spectrometrically. A mixture of approximately 2%18o2 in neon was used as the test gas, and was passed over the surface of the oxides. Measurements were taken as a function of temperature and residence time, for kinetic studies.

These studies clearly show a second order rate law for the surfaces examined. The rate constant on amorphous silica was 2.2xl02L/mol/sec. The energy of activation was 35.3 kcal/mol and the frequency factor was l.35xl09L/mol/sec. On the crystalline quartz the rate constant was 2.0xl02L/mol/sec. The energy of activation was 65.2 kcal/mol and the frequency factor was 4.52xl02L/mol/sec.

The postulated mechanism for a bimolecular reaction would occur at temperatures above that required for dehydroxylation. This allows chemisorption of a molecule of 18o2 to form a bridged six-membered ring upon which a subsequent collision of a second 18o2 molecule results in an oxygen isotope exchange.
Differential quantal release of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine from mast cells of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 knockout mice
Creators: name: Wang, Y.-M.
name: Caron, M. G.
name: Travis, E. R.
name: Wightman, R. M.
name: Michael, D. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The recent availability of mice lacking the neuronal form of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) affords the opportunity to study its roles in storage and release. Carbon fiber microelectrodes were used to measure individual secretory events of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) from VMAT2-expressing mast cells as a model system for quantal release. VMAT2 is indispensable for monoamine storage because mast cells from homozygous (VMAT2−/−) mice, while undergoing granule-cell fusion, do not release monoamines. Cells from heterozygous animals (VMAT2+/−) secrete lower amounts of monoamine per granule than cells from wild-type controls. Investigation of corelease of histamine and 5-HT from granules in VMAT2+/− cells revealed 5-HT quantal size was reduced more than that of histamine. Thus, although vesicular transport is the limiting factor determining quantal size of 5-HT and histamine release, intragranular association with the heparin matrix also plays a significant role.
Evidence for regulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor by a membrane-localized multi-PDZ domain containing scaffold protein MAGI-2
Creators: name: Kaye, M. B.
name: Hepner, K.
name: Sawyers, C. L.
name: Wood, J.
name: Yuan, X.-J.
name: Castelino-Prabhu, S.
name: Do, D.
name: Ross, C.
name: Whang, Y. E.
name: Wu, X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene mutated in human cancers. Although many mutations target the phosphatase domain, others create a truncated protein lacking the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif or a protein that extends beyond the PDZ-binding motif. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we isolated a membrane-associated guanylate kinase family protein with multiple PDZ domains [AIP-1 (atrophin interacting protein 1), renamed MAGI-2 (membrane associated guanylate kinase inverted-2)]. MAGI-2 contains eight potential protein–protein interaction domains and is localized to tight junctions in the membrane of epithelial cells. PTEN binds to MAGI-2 through an interaction between the PDZ-binding motif of PTEN and the second PDZ domain of MAGI-2. MAGI-2 enhances the ability of PTEN to suppress Akt activation. Furthermore, certain PTEN mutants have reduced stability, which is restored by adding the minimal PDZ-binding motif back to the truncated protein. We propose that MAGI-2 improves the efficiency of PTEN signaling through assembly of a multiprotein complex at the cell membrane.
title: Foam Control and In-line Cell Density Monitoring in a Laboratory-Scale Bioreactor
Creators: name: Klausser, Robert
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: foam
subject: defoaming
subject: impeller
subject: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
subject: cell density
subject: PAT
subject: chemostat
subject: in-line
subject: kla
subject: 3D-printing

description: To design a feasible bioprocess for modern manufacturing a multitude of process parameters must be considered. One of these parameters is the cell density, which is usually aimed to be increased to achieve high space-time-yields. This often results in excessive foaming, which can have disastrous consequences for the fermentation.Since chemical anti-foaming agents can be detrimental for cell growth and product quality, mechanical solutions for foamy fermentations are demanded. However, commercially designed mechanical foam breakers are not suitable for lab-scale applications due to their spatial and energetic demands. In the first chapter of this thesis, the approach of mechanically breaking foam using an impeller mounted to the main stirrer shaft is critically investigated. 3D-printing is used to prototype and compare different foam breaker designs. We show that this method of defoaming leads to a decrease in bubble size, which stabilizes the foam and can promote foam build-up. Therefore, an alternative approach focussed on foam mitigation is proposed where an alternative submerse impeller configuration is used to keep oxygen transfer high despite reduced agitation and aeration. It is shown that the use of a downward pumping axial impeller close to the surface can improve the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, especially for low agitation and high temperature conditions.As a determining parameter for the foam build-up, and as a key performance indicator for bioprocesses in general, the concentration of biomass needs to be adequately monitored. In the second chapter of this thesis, we investigate optical and dielectric spectroscopy methods to measure cell density in-line, during continuous cultivations of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. This organism thrives at high temperatures and low pH values. Thus, the performance of three commercially available sensors is examined under these extreme conditions.
Functional redundancy of cryptochromes and classical photoreceptors for nonvisual ocular photoreception in mice
Creators: name: Van Gelder, R. N.
name: Selby, C. P.
name: Thompson, C.
name: Sancar, A.
name: Schmitz, T. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The daily light–dark (LD) cycle exerts a powerful influence on the temporal organization of behavior and physiology. Much of this influence is preserved in behaviorally blind retinally degenerate mice; the photoreceptors underlying this nonvisual phototransduction are unknown. The mammalian eye contains at least two classes of photoactive pigments, the vitamin A-based opsins and the vitamin B2-based cryptochromes. To genetically define the roles of these pigments in light modulation of behavior, we generated rd/rd;mCry1−/mCry1−;mCry2−/mCry2− mutant mice lacking rods and most cones as well as both cryptochrome proteins. The response of the mutant mouse to photic input was analyzed at both behavioral and molecular levels. Behaviorally, mice lacking either classical photoreceptors or cryptochromes exhibited strongly rhythmic locomotor responses to 10 and 100 lux daily LD 12 h/12-h cycles; however, triple mutant mice carrying both cryptochrome and retinal degenerate mutations were nearly arrhythmic under both LD cycles and in constant darkness. At the molecular level, the light induction of c-fos transcription in the suprachiasmatic nucleus was markedly reduced in the triple mutant mouse compared with either rd/rd or cryptochrome mutant mice. These data indicate that classical opsins and cryptochromes serve functionally redundant roles in the transduction of light information to behavioral modulation and suggest a pleomorphic role for cryptochromes in both photoreception and central clock mechanism.
Proceedings Eleventh Workshop on User Interfaces for Theorem Provers
Creators: name: Benzmüller, Christoph
name: Paleo, Bruno Woltzenlogel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The UITP workshop series brings together researchers interested in designing, developing and evaluating user interfaces for automated reasoning tools, such as interactive proof assistants, automated theorem provers, model finders, tools for formal methods, and tools for visualising and manipulating logical formulas and proofs. The eleventh edition of UITP took place in Vienna, Austria, and was part of the Vienna Summer of Logic, the largest ever joint conference in the area of Logic. This proceedings contains the eight contributed papers that were accepted for presentation at the workshop as well as the two invited papers.
Schwarzschild black hole in dark energy background
Creators: name: Ishwarchandra, Ngangbam
name: Ibohal, Ng.
name: Singh, K. Yugindro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an exact solution of Einstein's field equations describing the Schwarzschild black hole in dark energy background. It is also regarded as an embedded solution that the Schwarzschild black hole is embedded into the dark energy space producing Schwarzschild-dark energy black hole. It is found that the space-time geometry of Schwarzschild-dark energy solution is non-vacuum Petrov type $D$ in the classification of space-times. We study the energy conditions (like weak, strong and dominant conditions) for the energy-momentum tensor of the Schwarzschild-dark energy solution. We also find that the energy-momentum tensor of the Schwarzschild-dark energy solution violates the strong energy condition due to the negative pressure leading to a repulsive gravitational force of the matter field in the space-time. It is shown that the time-like vector field for an observer in the Schwarzschild-dark energy space is expanding, accelerating, shearing and non-rotating. We investigate the surface gravity and the area of the horizons for the Schwarzschild-dark energy black hole.
description: This paper has 8 pages, typed in LaTex. There is no figure and no table. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0903.3134
Urban Biomimicry for Flood Mitigation Using an Ecosystem Service Assessment Tool in Central Wellington, New Zealand
Creators: name: MacKinnon, Maggie
name: Zari, Maibritt Pedersen
name: Brown, Daniel
name: Benavidez, Rubianca
name: Jackson, Bethanna
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Many cities are vulnerable to flooding due to their high proportion of impervious surfaces and lack of vegetated land cover. This vulnerability will often be exacerbated by changing rainfall and storm patterns due to climate change. Using the principles of urban biomimicry, this study aims to show an ecosystem service-based approach to designing an urban green infrastructure network for stormwater management in densely built areas that more closely emulates natural hydrology processes. Nature Braid (next-generation LUCI) is an ecosystem services assessment tool that was used to simulate flood mitigation ecosystem services in a 13.7 km2 urban water catchment in Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand. The simulation results revealed that 59% of the catchment does not contain or benefit from flood-mitigating land cover features. Adding 0.6 km2 (4% of the catchment) of green roofs alongside major stormwater flow paths resulted in a nearly three-fold decrease (11%) in the unmitigated flooding area. These results suggest that green roofs could help manage stormwater and mitigate flooding in the densely built areas of the catchment. Using ecosystem service assessment tools, like Nature Braid, can inform the design of more regenerative and resilient urban green infrastructure networks that help mitigate climate change impacts on urban residents.
Efficient optimisation of structures using tabu search
Creators: name: Connor, Andy M.
name: Seffen, Keith A.
name: Parks, Geoffrey T.
name: Clarkson, P. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach to the optimisation of structures using a Tabu search (TS) method. TS is a metaheuristic which is used to guide local search methods towards a globally optimal solution by using flexible memory cycles of differing time spans. Results are presented for the well established ten bar truss problem and compared to results published in the literature. In the first example a truss is optimised to minimise mass and the results compared to results obtained using an alternative TS implementation. In the second example, the problem has multiple objectives that are compounded into a single objective function value using game theory. In general the results demonstrate that the TS method is capable of solving structural optimisation problems at least as efficiently as other numerical optimisation approaches.
Sustainable Erasmus+ Travel - Green Skills Repository
Creators: name: Paiva, Ana
name: Dermati, Salome
Publisher: name: SET project consortium
Year: 2024
Subjects: Green Erasmus
Sustainable Mobility
Student Mobility
Competences/Skills
Sustainable Erasmus+ Travel
Erasmus+

description: The long-term aspiration of the Sustainable Erasmus+ Travel (SET) project is to improve students' opportunities to engage in more environmentally sustainable habits during their mobility and to change their mindset regarding the trip to the mobility destination as a transformative experience in itself.

In the framework of the project, among other activities, we aim to develop a prototype to recognise green soft skills. This report complements the Green competencies online repository, which presents in an interactive and innovative way the comprehensive list of the green transversal skills applied and/or acquired by students when travelling sustainably.

The document at hand provides information on the methodology undertaken to materialise the repository, elaborates on the categorisation of all 19 competencies, and concludes with some initial takeaways and future actions.
Gene content phylogeny of herpesviruses
Creators: name: Montague, M. G.
name: Hutchison, C. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Clusters of orthologous groups [COGs; Tatusov, R. L., Koonin, E. V. & Lipman, D. J. (1997) Science 278, 631–637] were identified for a set of 13 completely sequenced herpesviruses. Each COG represented a family of gene products conserved across several herpes genomes. These families were defined without using an arbitrary threshold criterion based on sequence similarity. The COG technique was modified so that variable stringency in COG construction was possible. High stringencies identify a core set of highly conserved genes. Varying COG stringency reveals differences in the degree of conservation between functional classes of genes. The COG data were used to construct whole-genome phylogenetic trees based on gene content. These trees agree well with trees based on other methods and are robust when tested by bootstrap analysis. The COG data also were used to construct a reciprocal tree that clustered genes with similar phylogenetic profiles. This clustering may give clues to genes with related functions or with related histories of acquisition and loss during herpesvirus evolution.
Peak in the critical current density in (CaxSr1-x)3Rh4Sn13 tuned towards the structural quantum critical point
Creators: name: Liu, X
name: Zhang, W
name: Lai, KT
name: Moriyama, K
name: Tallon, Jeffery
name: Yoshimura, K
name: Goh, SK
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: (CaxSr1-x)3Rh4Sn13 is a rare system that has been shown to display an interesting interplay between structural quantum criticality and superconductivity. A putative structural quantum critical point, which is hidden beneath a broad superconducting dome, is believed to give rise to optimized superconducting properties in (CaxSr1-x)3Rh4Sn13. However, the presence of the superconducting dome itself hinders the examination of the quantum critical point through electrical transport, as the transport coefficients vanish in the superconducting state. Here, we use critical current density to explore within the superconducting dome. Our measurements reveal a large enhancement of the critical current density at the zero-temperature limit when the system is tuned towards the structural quantum critical point.
Islam und Aufklärung - augeklärter Islam - Islam als Aufklärung
Creators: name: Borgman, Erik
name: Valkenberg, Pim
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 41 Nr. 5 (2005): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 41, Heft 5
Gene correction in hematopoietic progenitor cells by homologous recombination
Creators: name: Kirby, S.
name: Hatada, S.
name: Nikkuni, K.
name: Smithies, O.
name: Bentley, S. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Homologous recombination (gene targeting) has many desirable features for gene therapy, because it can precisely correct mutant genes and restore their normal expression, and random nonhomologous integration of DNA is infrequent in cells in which homologous recombination has occurred. There are, however, no reports of attempts to use homologous recombination to correct mutant genes in normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are prime cells for therapy of a variety of hematological and other conditions, presumably because of their low abundance and uncertainty that homologous recombination can occur at a usable frequency in these cells. The experiments reported here encourage optimism in this respect by demonstrating targeted correction of a defective hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene in hematopoietic progenitor cells that can form colonies in methylcellulose culture. These clonogenic cells are in the same lineage as HSCs but are more abundant and more mature and so less pluripotent. Corrected colonies were identified by their survival in selective medium after electroporation of correcting DNA into unfractionated mouse bone marrow cells and were confirmed by reverse transcription–PCR and sequencing. The observed frequency (4.4 ± 3.3 × 10−5 per treated clonogenic cell) is the same as in embryonic stem cells (2.3 ± 0.4 × 10−5) with the same DNA and mutation. These data suggest that gene targeting to correct mutant genes eventually will prove feasible in HSCs capable of long-term bone marrow reconstitution.
Das Zweite Vatikanische Konzil zwischen Mythenbildung und historischer Erforschung
Creators: name: Leugers-Scherzberg, August Hermann
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 41 Nr. 4 (2005): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 41, Heft 4
Analysis of Beta-Decay Rates for Ag108, Ba133, Eu152, Eu154, Kr85, Ra226 And Sr90, Measured at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt from 1990 to 1996
Creators: name: Sturrock, Peter A.
name: Fischbach, Ephraim
name: Jenkins, Jere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of an analysis of measurements of the beta-decay rates of Ag108, Ba133, Eu152, Eu154, Kr85, Ra226, and Sr90 acquired at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt from 1990 through 1995. Although the decay rates vary over a range of 165 to 1 and the measured detector current varies over a range of 19 to 1, the detrended and normalized current measurements exhibit a sinusoidal annual variation with amplitude in the small range 0.068% to 0.088% (mean 0.081%, standard deviation 0.0072%, an 11σ rejection of the zero-amplitude hypothesis) and phase-of-maximum in the small range 0.062 to 0.083 (January 23 to January 30). In comparing these results with those of other related experiments that yield different results, it may be significant that this experiment, at a standards laboratory, seems to be unique in using a 4π detector. These results are compatible with a solar influence, and appear not to be compatible with an experimental or environmental influence. It is possible that Ba133 measurements are subject also to a non-solar (possibly cosmic) influence.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
The Solomons-China 2022 security deal: extraterritoriality and the perils of militarisation in the Pacific Islands
Creators: name: Fraenkel, Jonathan
name: Smith, G
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160599 Policy and Administration not elsewhere classified

description: A security deal struck between the Solomon Islands and China in April 2022 has been depicted as the precursor to the establishment of a Chinese naval base in the Pacific. Fed by the proximity of an Australian federal election, these fears have stimulated lurid images in the Australian press of Beijing's aircraft carriers being stationed off Brisbane's coast creating a Pacific version of the 1962 Cuban missile crisis. In this paper, we examine the provisions of the ‘framework agreement’, explore its rationale and consider the likelihood that the predicted naval base eventuates. We also investigate Chinese extraterritoriality on the global stage and Chinese commercial activity in the Solomons since the switch in diplomatic recognition from Taipei to Beijing in 2019. We argue that Solomon Islands Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare signed the deal primarily in response to domestic pressures, in particular the danger of a repeat of major riots that took place in the capital in November 2021. The most pressing risk is not Chinese warships or nuclear missiles stationed in Honiara, but repression to handle urban unrest without the restraint required of Australian, Papua New Guinean, Fijian or New Zealand police officers.