cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crises and chaotic scattering in hydrodynamic pilot-wave experiments
Creators: name: Choueiri, George
name: Suri, Balachandra
name: Merrin, Jack
name: Serbyn, Maksym
name: Hof, Björn
name: Budanur, Nazmi Burak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical foundations of chaos have have been predominantly laid out for finite-dimensional dynamical systems, such as the three-body problem in classical mechanics and the Lorenz model in dissipative systems. In contrast, many real-world chaotic phenomena, e.g. weather, arise in systems with many (formally infinite) degrees of freedom, which limits direct quantitative analysis of such systems using chaos theory. In the present work, we demonstrate that the hydrodynamic pilot-wave systems offer a bridge between low- and high-dimensional chaotic phenomena by allowing for a systematic study of how the former connects to the latter. Specifically, we present experimental results which show the formation of low-dimensional chaotic attractors upon destabilization of regular dynamics and a final transition to high-dimensional chaos via the merging of distinct chaotic regions through a crisis bifurcation. Moreover, we show that the post-crisis dynamics of the system can be rationalized as consecutive scatterings from the nonattracting chaotic sets with lifetimes following exponential distributions.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Central soft production of hadrons in $pp$ collisions
Creators: name: Donnachie, A.
name: Landshoff, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-energy behaviour of soft scattering observables such as total cross sections, elastic scattering at small momentum transfer, diffractive dissociation and central production have been described successfully in the context of Regge theory, with the same basic structure holding as energies have increased. For elastic scattering and diffraction dissociation the defining energies were those of the ISR, the $Sp\bar{p}S$ collider and the Tevatron. The elastic scattering data from the LHC demonstrate the continuing applicability of Regge theory. Preliminary data on diffraction dissociation promise to add to our understanding and now, for the first time, we can expect to test fully these concepts in central production. Although the latter is the principal objective of this discussion, understanding the first two is an essential prerequisite as they define the formalism and establish parameters.
description: to be published in IJMPA
$β$-nuclear-recoil correlation from $^6$He decay in a laser trap
Creators: name: Müller, P.
name: Bagdasarova, Y.
name: Hong, R.
name: Leredde, A.
name: Bailey, K. G.
name: Fléchard, X.
name: García, A.
name: Graner, B.
name: Knecht, A.
name: Naviliat-Cuncic, O.
name: O'Connor, T. P.
name: Sternberg, M. G.
name: Storm, D. W.
name: Swanson, H. E.
name: Wauters, F.
name: Zumwalt, D. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first precise measurement of a $β$-recoil correlation from a radioactive noble gas ($^6{\rm He}$) confined via a magneto-optical trap. The measurement is motivated by the search for exotic tensor-type contributions to the charged weak current. Interpreted as tensor currents with right-handed neutrinos, the measurements yield: $|C_T/C_A|^2\le 0.022$ (90\% C.L.). On the other hand, for left-handed neutrinos the limits are $0.007< C_T/C_A <0.111$~(90\%\ C.L.). The sensitivity of the present measurement is mainly limited by experimental uncertainties in determining the time response properties and the distance between the atom cloud and the micro-channel plate used for recoil ion detection.
Global DNA Methylation, Measured by the Luminometric Methylation Assay (LUMA), Associates with Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in Non-Obese and Physically Active Women
Creators: name: Eng, Sybil M.
name: Hibshoosh, Hanina
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: White, Alexandra J.
name: Garbowski, Gail
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Xu, Xinran
name: Cho, Yoon Hee
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: McCullough, Lauren E.
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Chen, Jia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Introduction: Little is known about how modifiable lifestyle factors interact with the epigenome to influence disease. Body mass index (BMI, weight kg/height m2) and physical activity are associated with postmenopausal breast cancer, but the mechanisms are not well-understood. We hypothesized that BMI or physical activity may modify the association between markers of global DNA methylation and postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
Exploring Modulated Detection Transformer as a Tool for Action Recognition in Videos
Creators: name: Crisol, Tomás
name: Ermantraut, Joel
name: Rostagno, Adrián
name: Aggio, Santiago L.
name: Iparraguirre, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During recent years transformers architectures have been growing in popularity. Modulated Detection Transformer (MDETR) is an end-to-end multi-modal understanding model that performs tasks such as phase grounding, referring expression comprehension, referring expression segmentation, and visual question answering. One remarkable aspect of the model is the capacity to infer over classes that it was not previously trained for. In this work we explore the use of MDETR in a new task, action detection, without any previous training. We obtain quantitative results using the Atomic Visual Actions dataset. Although the model does not report the best performance in the task, we believe that it is an interesting finding. We show that it is possible to use a multi-modal model to tackle a task that it was not designed for. Finally, we believe that this line of research may lead into the generalization of MDETR in additional downstream tasks.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 results chart
Capacitively-coupled resonators for terahertz planar-Goubau-line filters
Creators: name: Cabello-Sánchez, Juan
name: Drakinskiy, Vladimir
name: Stake, Jan
name: Rodilla, Helena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-loss planar Goubau lines show promising potential for terahertz applications. However, a single-wire waveguide exhibits less design freedom than standard multi-conductor lines, which is a significant constraint for realizing standard components. Existing filters for planar Goubau line lack clear design procedures preventing the synthesis of an arbitrary filter response. In this work, we present a design for a bandpass/bandstop filter for planar Goubau line by periodically loading the line with capacitively coupled λ/2 resonators, which can be easily tuned by changing their electrical length. The filter's working principle is explained by a proposed transmission-line model. We designed and fabricated a passband filter centered at 0.9 THz on a 10-μm silicon-membrane substrate and compared measurement results between 0.5 THz and 1.1 THz to electromagnetic simulations, showing excellent agreement in both S11 and S21. The measured passband has an insertion loss of 7 dB and a 3-dB bandwidth of 31 %. Overall, the proposed filter design has good performance while having a simple design procedure.
Knockdown of hTERT and Treatment with BIBR1532 Inhibit Cell Proliferation and Invasion in Endometrial Cancer Cells
Creators: name: Chen, Jiao
name: Bae-Jump, Victoria L.
name: Song, Dan
name: Kong, Weimin
name: Roque, Dario R.
name: Jiao, Simeng
name: Wysham, Weiya Z.
name: Lv, Nenan
name: Zhang, Tongqing
name: Zhou, Chunxiao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Telomerase activity and expression of the catalytic protein hTERT are associated with cell proliferation and advanced stage in endometrial cancer. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of inhibition of hTERT by siRNA and BIBR1532 on cell growth, apoptosis and invasion in endometrial cancer cells. Knockdown of hTERT or treatment of the cells with BIBR1532 decreased telomerase activity, inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and reduced cell invasion in Ishikawa and ECC-1 cells. Either hTERT siRNA or BIBR1532 in combination with paclitaxel promoted a synergistic inhibitory effect on cell growth through induction of Annexin V expression and a remarkable reduction in cell invasion through reduction of protein expression of MMP9, MMP2, and MMP3. Increased telomerase activity and hTERT protein expression by transfections enhanced the protein expression of MMPs and increased the cell invasion ability. BIBR1532 significantly antagonized cell invasion induced by increased hTERT expression. These findings suggest that telomerase and hTERT facilitate cell invasion via MMP family in human endometrial cancer cells.
An Edge-Based Interface-Tracking Method for Multiphase Flows
Creators: name: Chirco, Leonardo
name: Zaleski, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel class of Edge-Based Interface-Tracking (EBIT) methods in the field of multiphase flows for advecting the interface. The position of the interface is tracked by marker points located on the edges of the underlying grid, making the method flexible with respect to the choice of spatial discretization and suitable for parallel computation. In this paper we present a simple EBIT method based on two-dimensional Cartesian grids and on a linear interface representation.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Heavy Neutrinos at the FCC-hh in the $U(1)_{B-L}$ Model
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Kulkarni, Suchita
name: Deppisch, Frank F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential of the 100 TeV future circular collider (FCC-hh) to probe heavy neutrinos. We concentrate in particular on heavy neutrino production via a $U(1)_{B-L}$ $Z'$ gauge boson and contrast the resulting limits with that mediated by Standard Model weak currents. We consider heavy neutrino decays to semi-leptonic as well as fully leptonic final states, particularly with muon flavour, and we show the importance of considering searches both in prompt and displaced decays of the heavy neutrinos. For prompt final states, semi-leptonic modes are more promising due to smaller background and larger yields, and TeV-scale heavy neutrinos with active-sterile mixing compatible with light neutrino mass generation in a seesaw scenario can be probed for a 5 TeV $Z'$ and gauge coupling as low as $g_{B-L} = 10^{-2}$. Displaced vertex searches can extend this range to heavy neutrino masses as low as 10 GeV.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, fixed typos in the bibliography
HI intensity mapping with MeerKAT: power spectrum detection in cross-correlation with WiggleZ galaxies
Creators: name: Cunnington, Steven
name: Li, Yichao
name: Santos, Mario G.
name: Wang, Jingying
name: Carucci, Isabella P.
name: Irfan, Melis O.
name: Pourtsidou, Alkistis
name: Spinelli, Marta
name: Wolz, Laura
name: Soares, Paula S.
name: Blake, Chris
name: Bull, Philip
name: Engelbrecht, Brandon
name: Fonseca, José
name: Grainge, Keith
name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detection of correlated clustering between MeerKAT radio intensity maps and galaxies from the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey. We find a $7.7σ$ detection of the cross-correlation power spectrum, the amplitude of which is proportional to the product of the HI density fraction ($Ω_{\rm HI}$), HI bias ($b_{\rm HI}$) and the cross-correlation coefficient ($r$). We therefore obtain the constraint $Ω_{\rm HI} b_{\rm HI} r\,{=}\,[0.86\,{\pm}\,0.10\,({\rm stat})\,{\pm}\,0.12\,({\rm sys})]\,{\times}\,10^{-3}$, at an effective scale of $k_{\rm eff}\,{\sim}\,0.13\,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. The intensity maps were obtained from a pilot survey with the MeerKAT telescope, a 64-dish pathfinder array to the SKA Observatory (SKAO). The data were collected from 10.5 hours of observations using MeerKAT's L-band receivers over six nights covering the 11hr field of WiggleZ, in the frequency range $1015-973\,{\rm MHz}$ (0.400$\,{<}\,z\,{<}\,$0.459 in redshift). This detection is the first practical demonstration of the multi-dish auto-correlation intensity mapping technique for cosmology. This marks an important milestone in the roadmap for the cosmology science case with the full SKAO.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. See Fig.5 for the main result, showing the cross-power spectrum between MeerKAT and WiggleZ, revealing the 7.7\sigma detection. v2 is the version accepted for publication by MNRAS. The main changes from v1 were in introducing the radio intensity mapping data
Promoter Hypermethylation in White Blood Cell DNA and Breast Cancer Risk
Creators: name: Chen, Jia
name: McCullough, Lauren E.
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
name: Cho, Yoon Hee
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Wang, Qiao
name: Zhang, Yu-Jing
name: Xu, Xinran
name: Wu, Hui-Chen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The role of gene-specific methylation in white blood cells (WBC) as a marker of breast cancer risk is currently unclear. We determined whether promoter hypermethylation in blood DNA of candidate tumor suppressor genes frequently methylated in breast tumors can be used as a surrogate biomarker for breast cancer risk. Promoter methylation of BRCA1, CDH1 and RARβ was analyzed in WBC DNA from a population-based sample of 1,021 breast cancer patients and 1,036 controls by the MethyLight assay. Gene-specific promoter methylation in the DNA of 569 tumor tissue samples was also analyzed to determine the correlation of methylation levels with blood from the same individual. Hypermethylation of BRCA1 (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.98-1.75) in WBC was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer when positive methylation was defined as ≥0.1% methylated. There was lack of concordance between tumor tissue and paired WBC DNA methylation. These results provide limited support that hypermethylation of BRCA1 in WBC DNA may be useful for determination of breast cancer risk. Additional studies with larger numbers of genes are needed to fully understand the relationship between WBC methylation and breast cancer risk.
Survivorship Care Plans: Prevalence and Barriers to Use
Creators: name: Mayer, Deborah K.
name: Weiner, Bryan J.
name: Birken, Sarah A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Survivorship care plans (SCPs) are intended to educate survivors and providers about survivors’ transition from cancer treatment to follow-up care. Using a survey of 23 cancer programs in the South Atlantic United States, we (1) describe the prevalence and barriers to SCP use and (2) assess relationships between SCP use and (a) barriers and (b) cancer program characteristics. Most cancer programs (86%) reported some SCP use; however, less than a quarter of cancer programs’ providers had ever used an SCP. The majority (61%) began using SCPs because of professional societies’ recommendations. Key barriers to SCP use were insufficient organizational resources (75%) and systems for SCP use. We found patterns in SCP use across location, program type and professional society membership. Most cancer programs have adopted SCPs, but use remains inconsistent. Efforts to promote SCP use should address barriers, particularly in cancer programs that are susceptible to barriers to SCP use.
First Radar -- CubeSat Transionospheric HF Propagation Observations: Suomi 100 Satellite and EISCAT HF Facility
Creators: name: Kallio, Esa
name: Kero, Antti
name: Harri, Ari-Matti
name: Kestilä, Antti
name: Aikio, Anita
name: Fontell, Mathias
name: Jarvinen, Riku
name: Kauristie, Kirsti
name: Knuuttila, Olli
name: Koskimaa, Petri
name: Loyala, Jauaries
name: Lukkari, Juha-Matti
name: Modabberian, Amin
name: Niittyniemi, Joonas
name: Rynö, Jouni
name: Vanhamäki, Heikki
name: Varberg, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio waves provide a useful diagnostic tool to investigate the properties of the ionosphere because the ionosphere affects the transmission and properties of High Frequency (HF) electromagnetic waves. We have conducted a transionospheric HF-propagation research campaign with a nanosatellite on a low-Earth polar orbit and the EISCAT HF transmitter facility in Tromsø, Norway, in December 2020. In the active measurement, the EISCAT HF facility transmitted sinusoidal 7.953 MHz signal which was received with the HEARER radio spectrometer onboard 1 Unit (size: 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm) Suomi 100 space weather nanosatellite. Data analysis showed that the EISCAT HF signal was detected with the satellite's radio spectrometer when the satellite was the closest to the heater along its orbit. Part of the observed variations seen in the signal was identified to be related to the heater's antenna pattern and to the transmitted pulse shapes. Other observed variations can be related to the spatial and temporal variations of the ionosphere and its different responses to the used transmission frequencies and to the transmitted O- and X-wave modes. Some trends in the observed signal may also be associated to changes in the properties of ionospheric plasma resulting from the heater's electromagnetic wave energy. This paper is, to authors' best knowledge, the first observation of this kind of "self-absorption" measured from the transionospheric signal path from a powerful radio source on the ground to the satellite-borne receiver.
description: 27 pages, 10 images
Determinants of Survivorship Care Plan Use in US Cancer Programs
Creators: name: Birken, Sarah A.
name: Mayer, Deborah K.
name: Deal, Allison M.
name: Weiner, Bryan J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Cancer programs are increasingly required to use survivorship care plans (SCPs). Compliance with SCP use requirements will be evaluated at the cancer program level. Cancer program-level determinants of SCP use may suggest strategies for compliance. The objective of this study was to describe SCP use and identify its cancer program-level determinants.
Light-Cone Sum Rules Analysis of $Ξ_{QQ^{\prime}q}\toΣ_{Q^{\prime}}^{*}$ Weak Decays
Creators: name: Hu, Xiao-Hui
name: Shi, Yu-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the semi-leptonic weak decays of spin-1/2 doubly-heavy baryons $Ξ_{QQ^{\prime}}$ into spin-3/2 singly-heavy baryons $Σ_{Q^{\prime}}^*$ within light-cone sum rules. Using the parallel components of the light-cone distribution amplitudes of $Σ_{Q^{\prime}}^*$, the transition form factors for these decays are calculated both analytically and numerically. The numerical results for these semi-leptonic weak decays widths and branching ratios are also predicted, which are compared with the same predictions by other theoretical approaches in the literatures. These phenomenology predictions can be tested by the experiments in the future.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables
Observation of the Surface Layer of Lithium Metal using In Situ Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Seo, Ambrose
name: Meyer, Andrew
name: Shrestha, Sujan
name: Wang, Ming
name: Xiao, Xingcheng
name: Cheng, Yang-Tse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the surface of lithium metal using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and optical spectroscopic ellipsometry. Even if we prepare the surface of lithium metal rigorously by chemical cleaning and mechanical polishing inside a glovebox, both spectroscopic investigations show the existence of a few tens of nanometer-thick surface layers, consisting of lithium oxides and lithium carbonates. When lithium metal is exposed to room air (~50% moisture), in situ real-time monitoring of optical spectra indicates that the surface layer grows at a rate of approximately 24 nm/min, presumably driven by an interface-controlled process. Our results hint that surface-layer-free lithium metals are formidable to achieve by a simple cleaning/polishing method, suggesting that the initial interface between lithium metal electrodes and solid-state electrolytes in fabricated lithium metal batteries can differ from an ideal lithium/electrolyte contact.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Binarity of the LBV HR Car
Creators: name: Rivinius, Th.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: de Wit, W. J.
name: Mehner, A.
name: Martayan, Ch.
name: Guieu, S.
name: Bouquin, J. -B. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: VLTI/AMBER and VLTI/PIONIER observations of the LBV HR Car show an interferometric signature that could not possibly be explained by an extended wind, more or less symmetrically distributed around a single object. Instead, observations both in the Br$γ$ line and the H-band continuum are best explained by two point sources (or alternatively one point source and one slightly extended source) at about 2 mas separation and a contrast ratio of about 1:5. These observations establish that HR Car is a binary, but further interpretation will only be possible with future observations to constrain the orbit. Under the assumption that the current separation is close to the maximum one, the orbital period can be estimated to be of the order of 5 years, similar as in the $η$ Car system. This would make HR Car the second such LBV binary.
description: Contributed paper to appear in Proc. IAU307: New windows on massive stars: asteroseismology, interferometry, and spectropolarimetry, Editors: G. Meynet, C. Georgy, J.H. Groh & Ph. Stee, 2 pages, 1 figure
Following Through: The Consistency of Survivorship Care Plan Use in United States Cancer Programs
Creators: name: Weiner, Bryan J.
name: Birken, Sarah A.
name: Deal, Allison M.
name: Mayer, Deborah K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The Institute of Medicine suggests that consistent survivorship care plan (SCP) use involves developing and delivering SCPs to all cancer survivors and their primary care providers (PCPs). We describe the consistency of SCP use in US cancer programs and assess its relationship with cancer program-level determinants.
Spinor-helicity formalism for massive and massless amplitudes in five dimensions
Creators: name: Chiodaroli, Marco
name: Gunaydin, Murat
name: Johansson, Henrik
name: Roiban, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Five-dimensional gauge and gravity theories are known to exhibit striking properties. D=5 is the lowest dimension where massive tensor states appear naturally, providing a testing ground for perturbative insights into six-dimensional tensor theories. Five-dimensional supergravities are highly constrained and admit elegant geometric and algebraic formulations, with global symmetries manifest at the Lagrangian level. In this paper, we take a step towards the systematic investigation of amplitudes in five dimensions, and present a five-dimensional version of the spinor-helicity formalism, applicable to massless, massive and supersymmetric states. We give explicit representations for on-shell spinor and polarization variables such that the little-group symmetry and gauge redundancy are manifest. Massive self-dual tensor states are discussed in some detail, as well as all the on-shell supermultiplets that can appear in matter-coupled gauge and supergravity theories. As a byproduct of considering supersymmetry in the presence of central charge, we obtain massless ten-dimensional Majorana-Weyl spinors as products of five-dimensional massive spinors. We present compact expressions for superamplitudes at multiplicity three and four, including several novel superamplitudes that either do not straightforwardly uplift to six dimensions, or have not appeared in the six-dimensional literature. We discuss several examples of five-dimensional double-copy constructions in the context of gravitational theories with massive vectors and tensors, illustrating that the formalism we construct can also be used to considerably streamline the double-copy construction of N=2 Maxwell-Einstein supergravities.
description: PDFLaTex, 54 pages
The Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment: from photon indistinguishability to continuous variables quantum computing
Creators: name: Fabre, Nicolas
name: Amanti, Maria
name: Baboux, Florent
name: Keller, Arne
name: Ducci, Sara
name: Milman, Pérola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extensively discuss the Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment taking an original phase-space-based perspective. For this, we analyze time and frequency variables as quantum continuous variables in perfect analogy with position and momentum of massive particles or with the electromagnetic field's quadratures. We discuss how this experiment can be used to directly measure the time-frequency Wigner function and implement logical gates in these variables. We also briefly discuss the quantum/classical aspects of this experiment providing a general expression for intensity correlations that explicit the differences between a classical Hong-Ou-Mandel like dip and a quantum one. Throughout the manuscript, we will often focus and refer to a particular system based on AlGaAs waveguides emitting photon pairs via spontaneous parametric down-conversion, but our results can be extended to other analogous experimental systems and to different degrees of freedom.
Implementing a One-on-One Peer Support Program for Cancer Survivors Using a Motivational Interviewing Approach: Results and Lessons Learned
Creators: name: Carr, Carol
name: Allicock, Marlyn
name: Gellin, Mindy
name: Lawrence, Mary
name: Smith, Rosie
name: Kaye, Leanne
name: Manning, Michelle
name: Johnson, La-Shell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Peer Connect matches cancer survivors and caregivers (guides) with those currently experiencing cancer-related issues seeking support (partners). Motivational interviewing (MI)-based communication skills are taught to provide patient-centered support. There is little guidance about MI-based applications with cancer survivors who may have multiple coping needs. This paper addresses the results and lessons learned from implementing Peer Connect. Thirteen cancer survivors and two caregivers received a 2-dayMI, DVD-based training along with six supplemental sessions. Nineteen partners were matched with guides and received telephone support. Evaluation included guide skill assessment (Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity Code) and 6-month follow-up surveys with guides and partners. Guides demonstrated MI proficiency and perceived their training as effective. Guides provided on average of five calls to each partner. Conversation topics included cancer fears, family support needs, coping and care issues, and cancer-related decisions. Partners reported that guides provided a listening ear, were supportive, and nonjudgmental. Limited time availability of some guides was a challenge. MI can provide support for cancer survivors and caregivers without specific behavioral concerns (e.g., weight and smoking). An MI support model was both feasible and effective and can provide additional support outside of the medical system.
Electronic correlations in Fe at Earth's inner core conditions: effect of doping with Ni
Creators: name: Vekilova, O. Yu.
name: Pourovskii, L. V.
name: Abrikosov, I. A.
name: Simak, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the body-centered cubic (bcc), face-centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phases of Fe alloyed with 25 at. % of Ni at Earth's core conditions using an ab initio local density approximation + dynamical mean-field theory (LDA+DMFT) approach. The alloys have been modeled by ordered crystal structures based on the bcc, fcc, and hcp unit cells with minimum possible cell size allowing for the proper composition. Our calculations demonstrate that the strength of electronic correlations on the Fe 3d shell is highly sensitive to the phase and local environment. In the bcc phase the 3d electrons at the Fe site with Fe only nearest neighbors remain rather strongly correlated even at extreme pressure-temperature conditions, with the local and uniform magnetic susceptibility exhibiting a Curie-Weiss-like temperature evolution and the quasi-particle lifetime Γ featuring a non-Fermi-liquid temperature dependence. In contrast, for the corresponding Fe site in the hcp phase we predict a weakly-correlated Fermi-liquid state with a temperature-independent local susceptibility and a quadratic temperature dependence of Γ. The iron sites with nickel atoms in the local environment exhibit behavior in the range between those two extreme cases, with the strength of correlations gradually increasing along the hcp-fcc-bcc sequence. Further, the inter-site magnetic interactions in the bcc and hcp phases are also strongly affected by the presence of Ni nearest neighbors. The sensitivity to the local environment is related to modifications of the Fe partial density of states due to mixing with Ni 3d-states.
description: 10 figures, appendix
FG Sge: new multicolor photometry and short-term dust shell clearing in 2019
Creators: name: Arkhipova, V. P.
name: Ikonnikova, N. P.
name: Shenavrin, V. I.
name: Burlak, M. A.
name: Tatarnikov, A. M.
name: Tsvetkov, D. Yu.
name: Belinskii, A. A.
name: Pavlyuk, N. N.
name: Shugarov, S. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a new stage of the long-term photometric study of FG Sge which is a quickly evolving central star of the planetary nebula Hen 1-5. Our new observations carried out on the SAI MSU telescopes in the optical ($BVR_CI_C$) and infrared (IR) ($JHKLM$) regions in 2008-2021 and 2013-2021, respectively, allowed us to trace the evolution of the star's brightness in recent years. The most significant observations were performed in 2019 when the star suffered a short clearing of the dust shell and became visible in $BVR_C$. Based on the spectral energy distribution of FG Sge in the 0.4-5 $μ$m wavelength range we derived the dust shell parameters: the size of dust grains $a=0.01μ$m, the inner radius temperature $T_{\text{dust}}=900$ K, optical depth $τ(K)=0.5$ ($τ(V)=4.5$), the total mass of dust $M_{\text{dust}}=7\cdot10^{-5} M_{\odot}$. After the short-term clearing of the dust shell in 2019, another dust structure was ejected that resulted in the star fading in all the observed bands. Based on the IR brightness and color curves, we estimated the dust depth growth in 2019-2020.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Enabling direct kinetic simulation of dense plasma plume expansion for laser ablation plasma thrusters
Creators: name: Chan, Wai Hong Ronald
name: Boyd, Iain D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser ablation plasma thrusters are an emerging space propulsion concept that provides promise for lightweight payload delivery. Predicting the lifetime and performance of these thrusters hinges on a comprehensive characterization of the expansion dynamics of the ablated plasma plume. While state-of-the-art techniques for simulating plasmas are often particle-based, a grid-based direct kinetic solver confers advantages in such a transient and inhomogeneous problem by eliminating statistical noise. A direct kinetic solver including interparticle collisions is employed on a plume expansion model problem spanning one dimension each in configuration and velocity space. The high degree of thermodynamic nonequilibrium inherent in plume expansion is characterized, justifying the need for a kinetic rather than a hybrid or fluid solver. Thruster-relevant metrics such as the momentum flux are also computed. The plume dynamics are observed to be highly inhomogeneous in space with insufficient time for thermalization in the region preceding the expansion front, and the theoretical possibility of reducing the local grid resolution by up to two orders of magnitude at the far end of the domain is established. These grid-point requirements are verified via the employment of nonuniform grids of various expansion ratios, several of which also employ coarsening in velocity space. Longer domain lengths are explored to characterize thruster-scale phenomena and larger ambient pressures are simulated as a testbed to probe facility effects due to collisions with background particles.
description: Please see also IEPC Article Repository at https://www.electricrocket.org/index.php?page=iepc-article-repository
Antiphase boundaries in III-V semiconductors: Atomic configurations, band structures and Fermi levels
Creators: name: Chen, L.
name: Pedesseau, L.
name: Léger, Y.
name: Bertru, N.
name: Even, J.
name: Cornet, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we comprehensively investigate the atomic structures and electronic properties of different antiphase boundaries in III-V semiconductors with different orientations and stoichiometries, including {110}, {100}, {111}, {112} and {113} ones, based on first-principle calculations. Especially, we demonstrate how the ladder or zigzag chemical bond configuration can lead for the different cases to a gapped semiconducting band structure, to a gapped metallic band structure or to a non-gapped metallic band structure. Besides, we evidence that the ladder APB configurations impact more significantly the Fermi energy levels than the zigzag APB configurations. We finally discuss how these different band structures can have some consequences on the operation of monolithic III-V/Si devices for photonics or energy harvesting.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures and 1 table
Vlasov simulations of Kinetic Alfvén Waves at proton kinetic scales
Creators: name: Vasconez, C. L.
name: Valentini, F.
name: Camporeale, E.
name: Veltri, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic Alfvén waves represent an important subject in space plasma physics, since they are thought to play a crucial role in the development of the turbulent energy cascade in the solar wind plasma at short wavelengths (of the order of the proton inertial length $d_p$ and beyond). A full understanding of the physical mechanisms which govern the kinetic plasma dynamics at these scales can provide important clues on the problem of the turbulent dissipation and heating in collisionless systems. In this paper, hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell simulations are employed to analyze in detail the features of the kinetic Alfvén waves at proton kinetic scales, in typical conditions of the solar wind environment. In particular, linear and nonlinear regimes of propagation of these fluctuations have been investigated in a single-wave situation, focusing on the physical processes of collisionless Landau damping and wave-particle resonant interaction. Interestingly, since for wavelengths close to $d_p$ and proton plasma beta $β$ of order unity the kinetic Alfvén waves have small phase speed compared to the proton thermal velocity, wave-particle interaction processes produce significant deformations in the core of the particle velocity distribution, appearing as phase space vortices and resulting in flat-top velocity profiles. Moreover, as the Eulerian hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell algorithm allows for a clean almost noise-free description of the velocity space, three-dimensional plots of the proton velocity distribution help to emphasize how the plasma departs from the Maxwellian configuration of thermodynamic equilibrium due to nonlinear kinetic effects.
Resonators with tailored optical path by cascaded-mode conversions
Creators: name: Ginis, Vincent
name: Benea-Chelmus, Ileana-Cristina
name: Lu, Jinsheng
name: Piccardo, Marco
name: Capasso, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical resonators enable the generation, manipulation, and storage of electromagnetic waves. They are widely used in technology and fundamental research, in telecommunications, lasers and nonlinear optics, ultra-sensitive measurements in cavity optomechanics, and the study of light-matter interactions in the context of cavity QED. The physics underlying their operation is determined by the constructive interference of electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies, giving rise to the resonance spectrum. This mechanism causes the limitations and trade-offs of resonator design, such as the difficulty of confining waves larger than the resonator and the fixed relationship between free spectral range, modal linewidth, and the resonator's refractive index and size. Here, we introduce a new class of optical resonators, generating resonances by designing the optical path through transverse mode coupling in a cascaded process created by mode-converting mirrors. The generalized round-trip phase condition leads to resonator characteristics that are markedly different from Fabry-Perot resonators and can be tailored over a wide range, such as the largest resonant wavelength, the free spectral range, the linewidth, and the quality factor. We confirm the existence of these modes experimentally in an integrated waveguide cavity with mode converters coupling two transverse modes into one supermode. The resonance signature of the cascaded-mode resonator is a spectrum resulting from the coherent superposition of the coupled transverse modes. We also demonstrate a transverse mode-independent transmission through the resonator and show that its engineered spectral properties agree with theoretical predictions. Cascaded-mode resonators introduce properties not found in traditional resonators and provide a mechanism to overcome the existing trade-offs in the design of resonators in various application areas.
Comparing Hume's Principle, Basic Law V and Peano Arithmetic
Creators: name: Walsh, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F35, 03C60 03D65 03F25

description: This paper presents new constructions of models of Hume's Principle and Basic Law V with restricted amounts of comprehension. The techniques used in these constructions are drawn from hyperarithmetic theory and the model theory of fields, and formalizing these techniques within various subsystems of second-order Peano arithmetic allows one to put upper and lower bounds on the interpretability strength of these theories and hence to compare these theories to the canonical subsystems of second-order arithmetic. The main results of this paper are: (i) there is a consistent extension of the hyperarithmetic fragment of Basic Law V which interprets the hyperarithmetic fragment of second-order Peano arithmetic, and (ii) the hyperarithmetic fragment of Hume's Principle does not interpret the hyperarithmetic fragment of second-order Peano arithmetic, so that in this specific sense there is no predicative version of Frege's Theorem.
Evaluating a Community-Partnered Cancer Clinical Trials Pilot Intervention with African American Communities
Creators: name: Michaels, Margo
name: Odulana, Adebowale A.
name: Blakeney, Natasha
name: Taylor, Yhenneko J.
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: Richmond, Alan
name: Isler, Malika Roman
name: Long, Debra G.
name: Green, Melissa A.
name: Robinson, William S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Cancer Clinical Trial (CCT) accrual and retention rates remain disproportionately low among African Americans. Awareness and access to trials are crucial facilitators of trial participation. Strategies developed within a community-based participatory framework (CBPR) are potential solutions to increase awareness and access to CCTs. In this study, we describe the pilot phase of three innovative community-centered modules to improve basic CCT knowledge, awareness of locations to access CCT information, and opportunities to participate in CCTs.
Particle creation: Schwinger + Unruh + Hawking
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the interconnection between the Schwinger pair creation in electric field, Hawking radiation and particle creation in the Unruh effect. All three processes can be described in terms of the entropy and temperature. These thermodynamic like processes can be combined. We consider the combined process of creation of charged and electrically neutral particles in the electric field, which combine the Schwinger and Unruh effects. We also consider the creation of the charged black and white holes in electric field, which combines the Schwinger effect and the black hole entropy. The combined processes obey the sum rules for the entropy and for the inverse temperature. Some contributions to the entropy and to the temperature are negative, which reflects the quantum entanglement between the created objects.
description: 5 pages, no figures, accepted in JETP Letters
Review On Deep Learning Technique For Underwater Object Detection
Creators: name: Dakhil, Radhwan Adnan
name: Khayeat, Ali Retha Hasoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.0; I.4.10; I.4.6

description: Repair and maintenance of underwater structures as well as marine science rely heavily on the results of underwater object detection, which is a crucial part of the image processing workflow. Although many computer vision-based approaches have been presented, no one has yet developed a system that reliably and accurately detects and categorizes objects and animals found in the deep sea. This is largely due to obstacles that scatter and absorb light in an underwater setting. With the introduction of deep learning, scientists have been able to address a wide range of issues, including safeguarding the marine ecosystem, saving lives in an emergency, preventing underwater disasters, and detecting, spooring, and identifying underwater targets. However, the benefits and drawbacks of these deep learning systems remain unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the dataset that has been utilized in underwater object detection and to present a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithms employed for this purpose.
description: 15 pages, with 9 figures,3rd International Conference on Data Science and Machine Learning (DSML 2022)
Strong light-matter interactions between gap plasmons and two-dimensional excitons at ambient condition in a deterministic way
Creators: name: Yang, Longlong
name: Xie, Xin
name: Yang, Jingnan
name: Xue, Mengfei
name: Wu, Shiyao
name: Xiao, Shan
name: Song, Feilong
name: Dang, Jianchen
name: Sun, Sibai
name: Zuo, Zhanchun
name: Chen, Jianing
name: Huang, Yuan
name: Zhou, Xingjiang
name: Jin, Kuijuan
name: Wang, Can
name: Xu, Xiulai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong exciton-plasmon interaction between the layered two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and gap plasmons shows a great potential to implement cavity quantum-electrodynamics in ambient condition. However, achieving a robust plasmon-exciton coupling with nanocavity is still very challenging, because the layer area is usually small with conventional approaches. Here, we report on a robust strong exciton-plasmon coupling between the gap mode of bowtie and the excitons in MoS$_2$ layers with gold-assisted mechanical exfoliation and the nondestructive wet transfer techniques for large-area layer. Benefiting from the ultrasmall mode volume and strong in-plane field, the estimated effective exciton number contributing to the coupling is largely reduced. With a corrected exciton transition dipole moment, the exciton numbers are extracted with 40 for the case of monolayer and 48 for 8 layers. Our work paves a way to realize the strong coupling with 2D materials with few excitons at room temperature.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
A Cryogenic Torsion Balance Using a Liquid-Cryogen Free, Ultra-Low Vibration Cryostat
Creators: name: Fleischer, S. M.
name: Ross, M. P.
name: Venkateswara, K.
name: Hagedorn, C. A.
name: Shaw, E. A.
name: Swanson, E.
name: Heckel, B. R.
name: Gundlach, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a liquid-cryogen free cryostat with ultra-low vibration levels which allows for continuous operation of a torsion balance at cryogenic temperatures. The apparatus uses a commercially available two-stage pulse-tube cooler and passive vibration isolation. The torsion balance exhibits torque noise levels lower than room temperature thermal noise by a factor of about four in the frequency range of 3-10mHz, limited by residual seismic motion and by radiative heating of the pendulum body. In addition to lowering thermal noise below room-temperature limits, the low-temperature environment enables novel torsion balance experiments. Currently, the maximum duration of a continuous measurement run is limited by accumulation of cryogenic surface contamination on the optical elements inside the cryostat.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Association of health beliefs and colonoscopy use among survivors of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Weinberger, Morris
name: Salz, Talya
name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Weiner, Bryan J.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Clinical practice guidelines recommend ongoing testing (surveillance) for colorectal cancer survivors because they remain at risk for both local recurrences and second primary tumors. However, survivors often do not receive colorectal cancer surveillance. We used the Health Belief Model (HBM) to identify health beliefs that predict intentions to obtain routine colonoscopies among colorectal cancer survivors.