cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New candidate GHz Peaked Spectrum and Compact Steep Spectrum Sources
Creators: name: Edwards, P. G.
name: Tingay, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from a recent Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) program of multi-frequency, multi-epoch monitoring of 202 active galactic nuclei with declinations < +10 degrees have been searched for GHz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) radio sources. Supplementary data at higher and lower frequencies, where available, have been used to further examine the spectral properties of previously reported and new candidate GPS and CSS sources. The ATCA monitoring program has allowed the variability and polarization properties of sources previously reported as GPS and CSS sources, and the majority of new GPS and CSS candidates, to be investigated, confirming that these are useful diagnostics in discriminating genuine GPS and CSS sources from variable sources that display similar spectra only temporarily. GPS sources are confirmed to be generally more compact, and less polarized, than CSS sources, although CSS sources show evidence for being somewhat less variable than GPS sources at 1.4 and 2.5GHz. In addition, the widths of GPS spectra are examined, and a significant difference is found in the GPS sample of Snellen et al. (2000) between sources with compact double (CD) or compact symmetric object (CSO) morphologies and sources with other morphologies, in that CD and CSO sources have generally narrower spectra. Possible reasons for this difference are considered.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Relationship Quality and Innovation Capacity of Chains: The Case of the Traditional Food Sector in the EU
Creators: name: Gellynck, Xavier
name: Kuhne, Bianka
name: Weaver, Robert D.
name: Gellynck, Xavier
name: Kuhne, Bianka
name: Weaver, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Innovation capacity
subject: Chain relationship quality
subject: Traditional food products
subject: SMEs

description: The purpose of the paper is to explore how the perceived relationship quality is related to the innovation capacity in chains of the traditional food sector. Based on suggestions from theory and previous studies, empirical evidence is drawn from a survey of 90 traditional food chains including 270 companies from 3 European countries in 6 traditional food product categories. Heterogeneity across these chains is first examined based on cluster analysis that identifies three distinct clusters interpreted as reflecting three levels of intensity in innovation capacity: high, medium, and low. Next, we define measures of the chain relationship quality through characteristics such as trust, conflict and reputation. The quality of the chain relationship is then shown for each innovation capacity cluster and compared among the clusters. Results suggest that measures of the chain relationship quality may be important factors in providing both an institutional foundation and a member motivation for innovation. As chain relationship quality fosters sharing of resources necessary for innovation as well as sharing incentives, these results further strengthen the emerging conclusion from the literature that innovation can be catalyzed by policies encouraging firms to build strong relationships.
Building Supply‐Systems from Scratch: The Case of Biodiesel Chain in Brazil
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kassia
name: Zylbersztajn, Decio
name: Watanabe, Kassia
name: Zylbersztajn, Decio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Transplant of agro‐industrial systems
subject: bio‐energy production

description: The purpose of this article is to study the transplantation of complex agro‐industrial systems. The main focus is the analysis of the biodiesel system in Brazil using the Agro‐Chain System approach (AGS). The AGS analysis considers the institutional and organizational environments and verifies how a governance structure evolves as the institutional environment changes. The methodology used is a case study of the biodiesel chain system in the State of Minas Gerais – Brazil. This local system developed as a result of governmental incentives. The present study’s contribution is that it identifies the main obstacles to implementing agro chains and networks involving regions and actors that do not have previous history of productive organizations.
Lyman-αabsorption beyond the disk of simulated spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Röttgers, Bernhard
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Cernetic, Miha
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Borthakur, Sanchayeeta
name: Foidl, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the origin and properties of the circum-galactic medium (CGM) in a suite of 11 cosmological zoom simulations resembling present day spiral galaxies. On average the galaxies retain about 50\% of the cosmic fraction in baryons, almost equally divided into disc (interstellar medium) gas, cool CGM gas and warm-hot CGM gas. At radii smaller than 50 kpc the CGM is dominated by recycled warm-hot gas injected from the central galaxy, while at larger radii it is dominated by cool gas accreted onto the halo. The recycled gas typically accounts for one-third of the CGM mass. We introduce the novel publicly available analysis tool \textsc{pygad} to compute ion abundances and mock absorption spectra. For Lyman-$α$ absorption we find good agreement of the simulated equivalent width (EW) distribution and observations out to large radii. Disc galaxies with quiescent assembly histories show significantly more absorption along the disc major axis. By comparing the EW and HI column densities we find that CGM Lyman-$α$ absorbers are best represented by an effective line-width $b\approx 50 - 70$ km s$^{-1}$ that increases mildly with halo mass, larger than typically assumed.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures
On the interaction between quasilinear elastodynamics and the Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Coutand, Daniel
name: Shkoller, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35M10; 35Q30;35Q72

description: The interaction between a viscous fluid and an elastic solid is modeled by a system of parabolic and hyperbolic equations, coupled to one another along the moving material interface through the continuity of the velocity and traction vectors. We prove the existence and uniqueness (locally in time) of strong solutions in Sobolev spaces for quasilinear elastodynamics coupled to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations along a moving interface. Unlike our approach for the case of linear elastodynamics, we cannot employ a fixed-point argument on the nonlinear system itself, and are instead forced to regularize it by a particular parabolic artificial viscosity term. We proceed to show that with this specific regularization, we obtain a time interval of existence which is independent of the artificial viscosity; together with a priori estimates, we identify the global solution (in both phases), as well as the interface motion, as a weak limit in srong norms of our sequence of regularized problems.
description: 43 pages, to appear in Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis
Weak Annihilation Topologies and Final State Interactions in D -> PP Decays
Creators: name: Lai, Jr-Hau
name: Yang, Kwei-Chou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-body D -> PP decays, assuming that each decay process go through the bare amplitude followed by elastic SU(3) rescattering, where the bare amplitude consists of (i) the color-allowed and color-suppressed factorization amplitudes and (ii) the short-distance weak annihilation amplitudes. We have performed the χ^2 fit on 14 branching ratios of D -> PP decays in the formalism of the above mentioned model. The final state interactions can be well accounted for by the short-distance annihilation topologies and SU(3) rescatterings. The two SU(3) rescattering phase differences are δ\equiv δ_{27}-δ_{8} \simeq -46^\circ and σ\equiv δ_{27}-δ_{1} \simeq -21^\circ, where δ_{27}, δ_{8} and δ_{1}are the rescattering phases of final states corresponding to the representations 27, 8 and 1, respectively. We find that the D^0 -> K^0 \bar{K}^0 decay occurs mainly due to the nonzero short-distance weak annihilation effects, originating from SU(3) symmetry-breaking corrections to the distribution amplitudes of the final-state kaons, but receives tiny effects from other modes via SU(3) rescattering. Our results are in remarkable accordance with the current data.
description: 27 pages; v3: some formulas corrected, the statement corrected in footnote 3 where the solution with "positive" a_1^K is stressed, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Investment Decision in Vegetable Oil Extraction Plants in North of Minas Gerais – Brazil: An Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process in a Biodiesel Production Chain
Creators: name: Da Silva Junior, Aziz Galvao
name: Perez, Ronaldo
name: Boratto, Metheus
name: Da Silva Junior, Aziz Galvao
name: Perez, Ronaldo
name: Boratto, Metheus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: biodiesel
subject: oil extraction
subject: AHP
subject: North of Minas

description: In line with the social objectives of the PNPB (Brazilian Program of Production and Use of Biodiesel) and its “Social Seal” Framework, PETROBRAS has set up a 57 million liter/year biodiesel plant in the semi‐arid region of North of Minas Gerais State, where the socioeconomics indicators are very unfavorable. Despite the potential to boost the agricultural and agro‐industrial sector, the biodiesel plant is using mainly soybean oil from other regions. Funded by the Minas Gerais Government, the ongoing project aims to contribute to the development of oilseed supply chain in the North of Minas Gerais. To deal with these socioeconomic complex decisions, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used. Organization models were proposed for the following production chain : i) castor seed, ii) jatropha, iii) sunflower seed, iv) cotton seed, v) macaw palm and vi) soybean. For each chain, investment alternatives were analysed using the software BiodieselFAO. The organizational models and economic results will be discussed with the stakeholder in a workshop, when the alternatives will be selected. Partial results of the project demonstrate that the lack of trust between the stakeholders is the main challenge to the organization of the production chains. The AHP methodology has been proved to be adequate to accomplish the project objectives. Further researches on production chain modeling and building are, especially for the bioenergy sector, highly opportune.
title: Αναστοχαστική εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία: Πρακτικές ενδυνάμωσης του παιδαγωγικού έργου Προσχολικής Αγωγής
title: Reflective educational process: Practices for strengthening the pedagogical project of Preschool Education
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Νίνη, Ευθαλία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Επαγγελματική ανάπτυξη
Αναστοχαστικό ημερολόγιο
Παιδαγωγικό έργο
Αναστοχασμός

description: Οι παιδαγωγοί προσχολικής αγωγής που εργάζονται με παιδιά ηλικίας 0-4 ετών θα πρέπει να έχουν επαρκείς γνώσεις, καθώς αρκετές είναι οι υποχρεώσεις που αντιμετωπίζουν κατά τη διάρκεια της επαγγελματικής τους σταδιοδρομίας, τις οποίες υποχρεούνται να φέρουν εις πέρας άμεσα και αποτελεσματικά. Ο παιδαγωγός πρέπει να παρουσιάζει καινοτομίες στο εκπαιδευτικό του πρόγραμμα, να εξελίσσεται σε ένα στοχαστικό-αναστοχαστικό επαγγελματία και μέσα από την αυτοπαρατήρηση να διερευνά τις ανάγκες των μαθητών του, με τις κατάλληλες τεχνικές μάθηση και με βάση την αναγκαιότητα του ίδιου να καθοδηγεί την επαγγελματική του εξέλιξη. Κατά τη διάρκεια της επαγγελματικής ανάπτυξης, ο παιδαγωγός λαμβάνει μέρος ενεργά στη μάθηση, διαχειρίζεται τις παιδαγωγικές δραστηριότητες, τις αναστοχάζεται και πειραματίζεται με τη δική του πρακτική. Η παρούσα εργασία στοχεύει στη διερεύνηση νέων παιδαγωγικών μεθόδων, ώστε να ενισχύσει την αποτελεσματικότητα των επαγγελματικών πρακτικών και να συμβάλει στο παιδαγωγικό έργο. Ως Μέθοδος χρησιμοποιήθηκε η βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση και η ποιοτική έρευνα με τη μέθοδο μελέτης περίπτωσης του έργου ενός Παιδαγωγού Προσχολικής Αγωγής. Στην έρευνα αξιοποιήθηκε η χρήση ενός αναστοχαστικού ημερολογίου, μέσα από το οποίο η παιδαγωγός καταγράφει εντυπώσεις, παρατηρήσεις, συναισθήματα και αναστοχάζεται για το παιδαγωγικό της έργο. Στα αποτέλεσμα της εργασίας αναδεικνύονται, ότι μέσω της επαγγελματικής ανάπτυξης, οι παιδαγωγοί αναπτύσσουν νέες δεξιότητες, αξιοποιούν μεθόδους και τεχνικές, για το σωστό σχεδιασμό και την παιδαγωγική δράση που συμβάλει σε ευκαιρίες μάθησης και ανάπτυξης στα παιδιά.
Weak approximation over function fields
Creators: name: Hassett, Brendan
name: Tschinkel, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G25

description: We prove that rationally connected varieties over the function field of a complex curve satisfy weak approximation for places of good reduction.
description: 22 pages
Endogenous Matching and Contractual Choice between Agricultural Processors and Farmers in China
Creators: name: Abler, David G.
name: Yu, Xiaohua
name: Chen, Danhong
name: Abler, David G.
name: Yu, Xiaohua
name: Chen, Danhong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: China
subject: contractual design
subject: endogenous matching
subject: farms
subject: food processing

description: Contracts are widely used by agricultural processors for purchasing inputs not only in developed countries but also in developing countries such as China. The total number of formal, written contracts between farmers and food processors is increasing rapidly in China, and the formal contracts that exist are becoming more complex. Contractual design in China is evolving from simple price-quantity contracts toward more complicated arrangements known as cooperation contracts or joint-stock cooperation contracts, designed to share risk and mitigate opportunistic behaviors by the contracting parties. Due to small farm sizes, the contracted amount in the typical contract in China is very small compared with Western countries, and each processor usually has a large number of contracted farmers. This paper uses data from a 2003 survey of food processing firms by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture to analyze the determinants of contractual choices between these firms and farmers and the number of farmers that each firm contracts with. An important issue identified in the literature in analyzing the determinants of contractual choices is endogenous matching between parties to a contract and the effects of this endogenous matching on contract choice. We find strong evidence to support endogenous matching. In particular, our results indicate that firms which contract with a larger number of farms are more likely to use cooperation contracts than relational contracts.
Additional file 2 of An at-sea assessment of Argos location accuracy for three species of large whales, and the effect of deep-diving behavior on location error
Creators: name: Irvine, Ladd M.
name: Winsor, Martha H.
name: Follett, Tomas M.
name: Mate, Bruce R.
name: Palacios, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Empirically calculated Argos location error by location class for three free-ranging whale species.
Additional file 3 of An at-sea assessment of Argos location accuracy for three species of large whales, and the effect of deep-diving behavior on location error
Creators: name: Irvine, Ladd M.
name: Winsor, Martha H.
name: Follett, Tomas M.
name: Mate, Bruce R.
name: Palacios, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Argos location error ellipses by location class for three free-ranging whale species.
Relaxation time of $L$-reversal chains and other chromosome shuffles
Creators: name: Cancrini, N.
name: Caputo, P.
name: Martinelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J27, 92D10 (Primary)

description: We prove tight bounds on the relaxation time of the so-called $L$-reversal chain, which was introduced by R. Durrett as a stochastic model for the evolution of chromosome chains. The process is described as follows. We have $n$ distinct letters on the vertices of the ${n}$-cycle (${\mathbb{Z}}$ mod $n$); at each step, a connected subset of the graph is chosen uniformly at random among all those of length at most $L$, and the current permutation is shuffled by reversing the order of the letters over that subset. We show that the relaxation time $τ(n,L)$, defined as the inverse of the spectral gap of the associated Markov generator, satisfies $τ(n,L)=O(n\vee \frac{n^3}{L^3})$. Our results can be interpreted as strong evidence for a conjecture of R. Durrett predicting a similar behavior for the mixing time of the chain.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051606000000295 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The variation of load diffusion and ballast bed deformation with loading condition: an experiment study
Creators: name: Fu, Longlong
name: Tian, Zhekan
name: Zheng, Yuexiao
name: Ye, Weitao
name: Zhou, Shunhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Ballast bed deformation is significantly influenced by its internal stress state. However, investigations concerning ballast bed deformation focus mainly on the deformation behaviour under various external loading conditions or ballast states, where the influence of load diffusion variation has rarely been considered directly. In this work, a full-scale model test was established to obtain simultaneously the external deformation and the internal stress of ballast bed, with respect to various loading conditions (equivalent axle load 14–30 t, 3–6 Hz). The results show that both average stress and stress ratio on ballast increase with loading magnitude. Meanwhile, a larger proportion of vertical load concentrates within the sleeper projection area. Accordingly, the plastic (elastic) deformation is more (less) sensitive to the load variation at larger wheel–rail load. Besides, the dynamic stiffness increases gradually with loading amplitude while showing a small drop as loading frequency increases.
The function and the mechanism of agonist-induced asynchronous wave-like [Ca²⁺]i oscillations in the in situ smoothe muscle cells of the rabbit inferior vena cava
Creators: name: Lee, Cheng-Han
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Background: [Ca²⁺][sub i] imaging studies of in situ vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in agoniststimulated arterial blood vessels have revealed asynchronous wave- like [Ca²⁺][sub i] oscillations as an important signaling mechanism. However, the functions and the mechanisms of these asynchronous wave-like [Ca²⁺][sub i] oscillations remain poorly defined. Given the importance of [Ca²⁺][sub i] in determining vascular tone, understanding the functions and the mechanisms of this particular type of [Ca²⁺][sub i] oscillations is crucial to our understanding of excitation-contraction coupling in vascular smooth muscle (VSM). Methods: Confocal [Ca²⁺][sub i] imaging of in situ VSMC from endothelium-denuded rabbit inferior vena cava (IVC) was employed to examine the subcellular Ca²⁺ responses to drugs. This was compared at times with whole-vessel spectrophotometric [Ca²⁺][sub i] measurement which assessed the averaged Ca²⁺ response from hundreds of VSMC. Isometric contraction studies were performed in parallel to examine the contractile effects of the same series of drugs. RT-PCR studies were utilized to verify the expression of implicated molecules. Furthermore, whenever applicable, parallel electron microscopy (EM) studies were also performed in parallel to correlate the disruption of VSMC ultrastructure to disruption in Ca²⁺ signaling. Results & Conclusions: The rabbit IVC is a large capacitance vessel that displays typical contractile dose-response curves for caffeine and PE. We observed that both caffeine and phenylephrine (PE) initially elicited Ca²⁺ waves in individual in situ VSMC of the IVC. The [Ca²⁺][sub i] in cells challenged with caffeine subsequently returned to baseline while the [Ca²⁺][sub i] in cells challenged with PE exhibited repetitive asynchronous Ca²⁺ waves. The lack of synchronicity of the wave-like [Ca²⁺][sub i] oscillations between VSMC can explain the observed tonic contraction at the whole-tissue level. The nature of these Ca²⁺ waves was further characterized. For caffeine the amplitude was all-or-none in nature, with individual cells differing in sensitivity, leading to their recruitment at different concentrations of the agonist. This concentration-dependency of recruitment appears to form the basis for the concentration-dependency of caffeine-induced contraction. Furthermore, the speed of Ca²⁺ waves correlated positively with the concentration of caffeine. In the case of PE, we observed the same characteristics with respect to wave speed, amplitude and recruitment. Increasing concentrations of PE enhance the frequency of the [Ca²⁺][sub i] oscillations. We therefore concluded that PE stimulates wholetissue contractility through differential recruitment of VSMCs and enhancement of the 9-tfrequency of asynchronous wave-like [Ca²⁺][sub i] oscillations once the cells are recruited. [the rest of the abstract can be found in the attached PDF file]
Chinese higher education-based physical education teacher educators’ professional learning needs for involvement in research activities
Creators: name: Gong, Yueying
name: Mac Phail, Ann
name: Young, Ann-Marie
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise
classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Research activity is one of the key professional learning needs noted by teacher educators working in higher education. The purpose of this study is to explore what research activities Chinese higher education-based physical education teacher educators (PETEds) prioritised and, in turn, expressed their aligned research-related professional learning needs. A sample of 15 Chinese higher education-based PETEds was interviewed. The results conveyed that Chinese PETEds had a strong desire to avail of research-related professional learning activities, with the majority prioritising peer-review publication. The motives for PETEds to be involved in research tend to be extrinsic to the individual and include pressures aligned to the evaluation of their academic position and institute requirements. PETEds who entered teacher education with a PhD were expected and supported to do research, while PETEds without a PhD requested opportunities to undertake a PhD abroad. While it was easier for PETEds to undertake collaborative research with a research group within their faculty/department, there was a lack of collaborative research external to the faculty/department as well as a lack of international collaboration.
Coherent electronic transfer in quantum dot systems using adiabatic passage
Creators: name: Greentree, Andrew D.
name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Hamilton, A. R.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a scheme for using an all-electrical, rapid, adiabatic population transfer between two spatially separated dots in a triple-quantum dot system. The electron spends no time in the middle dot and does not change its energy during the transfer process. Although a coherent population transfer method, this scheme may well prove useful in incoherent electronic computation (for example quantum-dot cellular automata) where it may provide a coherent advantage to an otherwise incoherent device. It can also be thought of as a limiting case of type II quantum computing, where sufficient coherence exists for a single gate operation, but not for the preservation of superpositions after the operation. We extend our analysis to the case of many intervening dots and address the issue of transporting quantum information through a multi-dot system.
description: Replaced with (approximately) the published version
Additional file 1 of The role of accountability in the performance of Jazia prime vendor system in Tanzania
Creators: name: Kuwawenaruwa, August
name: Tediosi, Fabrizio
name: Obrist, Brigit
name: Metta, Emmy
name: Chiluda, Fiona
name: Wiedenmayer, Karin
name: Wyss, Kaspar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Categories of respondents at the regional, district and facility level. Table S2. Respondents at the national, regional, and district level. Box S1. Jazia Prime Vendor System (Jazia PVS).
Analogy between free electron laser and channeling by crystal planes
Creators: name: Artru, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trapping of electrons in the ponderomotive potential wells, which governs a free electron laser or inverse free electron laser at high gain, is analogous to the channeling of charged particles by atomic planes of a crystal. A bent crystal is analogous to a period-tapered free electron laser. This analogy is different from the well-known one between channeling and undulator radiations.
Health Claims Regulation and Welfare
Creators: name: Huang, Rui
name: Bonanno, Alessandro
name: Huang, Rui
name: Bonanno, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Health claims regulation
subject: EFSA
subject: welfare
subject: random coefficients
subject: MPEC.

description: Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006, 20 December 2006, requires functional foods manufacturers operating in Europe to provide evidence that the health claims reported on the packaging are truthful. However, most applications reviewed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have been rejected, leaving food manufacturers with the option of either selling products deprived of their claims or discontinuing their production. This paper analyzes changes in welfare (both producers’ and consumers’) that would occur if the implementation of Reg. (EC) No 1924/2006 resulted in a large-scale health-claim de-labeling of functional food products. To that end, we use one year (2007) of monthly scanner data of sales of conventional and functional yogurt in the Italian market and a discrete-choice random coefficient logit demand model which accounts for consumers’ heterogeneity using the MPEC algorithm developed by Dube et al. (2009) to improve numerical efficiency and accuracy, to assess the issue. Preliminary results show that both producers and consumers can be severely impacted if reporting health-claims on functional products is not allowed; as our results indicate that consumers’ welfare losses are twice as large than producers’ a loosening of EFSA’s requirements might be required to avoid such losses.
title: Τεχνητή νοημοσύνη και αξιοποίηση της προς όφελος της τεχνολογίας και του ανθρώπου
title: Artificial intelligence ant its utilization for the benefit of technology and human
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τζωρτζής, Βασίλειος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Τεχνητή νοημοσύνη
Φυσικές καταστροφές
Πολιτική προστασία
Προσφυγικό

description: Ο άνθρωπος εδώ και αρκετές 10ετίες με τις προσπάθειες ανάπτυξης του κλάδου της πληροφορικής, στην ουσία προσπαθεί να αναπτύξει ευφυείς ηλεκτρονικές μηχανές που θα αναλάβουν πολλά από τα καθήκοντα του, τόσο της καθημερινής ρουτίνας, όσο και πιο δύσκολες και πολύπλοκες εργασίες. Με τα χρόνια και την ανάπτυξη της επιστήμης των υπολογιστών, αναπτύχθηκαν και διάφοροι κλάδοι σε αυτή, ανάλογα με το είδος των εργασιών που καλούνται να περατώσουν, και έτσι αναπτύχθηκε και ο κλάδος της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης, δηλαδή εκείνος ο τομές της πληροφορικής που προσπαθεί να προσδώσει στις πληροφορικές εφαρμογές ευφυή στοιχεία που προσομοιάζουν με την ανθρώπινη νοημοσύνη. Έτσι ένας επίσημος ορισμός του όρου τεχνητή νοημοσύνη έχει προέλθει από τον John McCarthy το μακρινό 1956, που όριζε τον κλάδο αυτό, ως εκείνον που σκοπό έχει την ανάπτυξη ευφυών συστημάτων, δηλαδή συστημάτων που σκέπτονται και ενεργούν όπως ο άνθρωπος. Η τεχνητή νοημοσύνη όμως εκτός από κλάδος της πληροφορικής δανείζεται πολλά χαρακτηριστικά και άλλων επιστημών, όπως της ψυχολογίας, της φιλοσοφίας, της λογικής κ.τ.λ. προκειμένου να ολοκληρώσει το έργο του. Ακριβώς όπως η ανθρώπινη νοημοσύνη έχει πολλές μορφές έτσι και η τεχνητή νοημοσύνη προσπαθεί να τις μιμηθεί, στους ανάλογους τομείς, που εξέθεσα στην προηγούμενη παράγραφο, και θα αναλύσω διεξοδικά στις ενότητες αυτής της εργασίας. Αξίζει να αναφερθεί επίσης ότι ο κλάδος της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης ακριβώς επειδή έχει ένα ανεξάντλητο πεδίο εφαρμογών, χωρίζεται και αυτός σε πολλούς υπό κλάδους, γνωστότεροι από τους οποίους είναι σήμερα η επιχειρηματική ευφυΐα (business intelligence), η ανάλυση δεδομένων και μεγάλων σετ δεδομένων (data science & big data analysis), η μηχανική μάθηση (machine learning), και οπωσδήποτε η λίστα δεν εξαντλείται σε αυτούς τους λίγους αλλά γνωστούς σήμερα τομείς της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης.
Additional file 1 of An at-sea assessment of Argos location accuracy for three species of large whales, and the effect of deep-diving behavior on location error
Creators: name: Irvine, Ladd M.
name: Winsor, Martha H.
name: Follett, Tomas M.
name: Mate, Bruce R.
name: Palacios, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The percentage of all Fastloc GPS locations that were calculated with five or more satellites.
Additional file 4 of The origin and underlying driving forces of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
Creators: name: Shu-Miaw Chaw
name: Jui-Hung Tai
name: Shi-Lun Chen
name: Chia-Hung Hsieh
name: Sui-Yuan Chang
name: Shiou-Hwei Yeh
name: Wei-Shiung Yang
name: Pei-Jer Chen
name: Wang, Hurng-Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. Comparison of dN, dS, and dN/dS in the coding regions of SARS-CoV-2 with singleton between different episodes. Supplementary Table 4. Comparison of dN, dS, and dN/dS in the coding regions of SARS-CoV-2 without singleton between episode Ia and Ib.
Neutrinos from the Galactic Center in the Light of its Gamma-Ray Detection at TeV Energy
Creators: name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Melia, Fulvio
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-evaluate the event rate expected in km^3-scale detectors for neutrinos from the direction of the Galactic Center (GC) in light of recent spectral measurements obtained by the HESS instrument for ~TeV gamma-radiation from this direction. In the most plausible scenario the re-evaluated event rate is smaller than that previously calculated--and here re-calculated--on the basis of EGRET data. However, the GC TeV gamma-ray detections by the Whipple, CANGAROO, and HESS instruments, together with the strong indications for an overabundance of cosmic rays coming from the GC at EeV energies, strengthen the expectation for a detectable, TeV-PeV GC neutrino signal from proton-proton interactions in that region. If the TeV gamma-ray--EeV cosmic ray anisotropy connection is correct, this signal will be detectable within a year and half for km^3-scale neutrino detectors in the Northern Hemisphere at super-TeV energies and, significantly, should also be detectable in 1.6 years by the South Polar IceCube detector at energies > 10^14 eV. The GC neutrino signal should also produce a detectable signal from neutrino showering and resonant W^- production by anti-electron-neutrinos in the volume of a km^3-scale detector.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure. Version accepted to ApJ Letters. Minor amendments
The Impacts of Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreaks on the Brazilian Meat Market
Creators: name: Costa, Rafael F.
name: Bessler, David A.
name: Rosson, C. Parr
name: Costa, Rafael F.
name: Bessler, David A.
name: Rosson, C. Parr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: foot and mouth disease
subject: Brazilian meat market
subject: vector autoregression model
subject: historical decomposition
subject: directed acyclic graphs.

description: This study uses unrestricted vector autoregression method and historical decomposition with directed acyclic graphs to quantity the impacts of the foot and mouth disease outbreak on the Brazilian meat market for different levels of the industry (export, wholesale and farm). The imposition of an import ban by Russia on Brazilian meat exports is also analyzed. Results show that beef, pork, and chicken export prices all decreased after the FMD outbreak. More importantly, our findings indicate that all prices ended up recovering after the removal of the import ban by Russia in December 2007. As for the price margins in both beef and pork meat supply chains, the export-to-farm and export-to-wholesale margins were found to be very close to each other. On the other hand, the chicken price margin at the export level relative to the farm and wholesale levels had opposing directions trend movements. Finally, the historical decomposition of analysis of the export beef price revealed that the removal of the Russian ban on Brazilian meat imports had a very drastic positive influence on the beef industry supply chain in general.
Phase ordering after a deep quench: the stochastic Ising and hard core gas models on a tree
Creators: name: Caputo, Pietro
name: Martinelli, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a low temperature stochastic Ising model in the phase coexistence regime with Markov semigroup $P_t$. A fundamental and still largely open problem is the understanding of the long time behavior of $\d_\h P_t$ when the initial configuration $\h$ is sampled from a highly disordered state $ν$ (e.g. a product Bernoulli measure or a high temperature Gibbs measure). Exploiting recent progresses in the analysis of the mixing time of Monte Carlo Markov chains for discrete spin models on a regular $b$-ary tree $\Tree^b$, we tackle the above problem for the Ising and hard core gas (independent sets) models on $\Tree^b$. If $ν$ is a biased product Bernoulli law then, under various assumptions on the bias and on the thermodynamic parameters, we prove $ν$-almost sure weak convergence of $\d_\h P_t$ to an extremal Gibbs measure (pure phase) and show that the limit is approached at least as fast as a stretched exponential of the time $t$. In the context of randomized algorithms and if one considers the Glauber dynamics on a large, finite tree, our results prove fast local relaxation to equilibrium on time scales much smaller than the true mixing time, provided that the starting point of the chain is not taken as the worst one but it is rather sampled from a suitable distribution.
description: 35 pages
Psittacanthus robustus subsp. using Marloth
Creators: name: Souza, Marcelo Claro de
name: Scalon, Marina Corrêa
name: Poschenrieder, Charlotte
name: Tolrà, Roser
name: Venâncio, Tiago
name: Teixeira, Simone Pádua
name: Costa, Fernando Batista Da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Santalales
Loranthaceae
Psittacanthus
Psittacanthus robustus

description: 4.3. Forms of Al on leaves of P. robustus using 27 Al-NMR
 Intact mature-fresh-leaves were cut into small pieces, inserted in a 4 mm zirconia rotor and sealed with a Kel-F cap. The 27 Al-NMR spectra were recorded using a spinning speed of 10000 Hz on a prototype MAS 4 mm, at 104.21 MHz (Bruker Avance III - 400 NMR spectrometer, Germany) with 1024 scans and repetition delay time of 1s per 1 scan. Al (NO 3) 3 was used as an external reference for calibration of the chemical shift (0.0 ppm) (Sanz et al., 1988). A pulse sequence described by a single 5 μs pulse followed by an acquisition time (34 ms) was used to acquire the NMR spectra. Identification of the forms of Al on leaves of mistletoes was based on literature reports (Morita et al., 2008; Souza et al., 2018b).    4.4. Localization of Al on leaves of P. robustus
The leaves were fixed in buffered formaldehyde (Lillie, 1965), dehydrated in an ethanol series, and stored in 70% ethanol (Johansen, 1940). Consecutively-sliced cross sections were made manually with a razor blade. Cuts were immersed for 45 min in acidic deionized water (pH 4.0) before staining, stained for 45 min (at room temperature) in Chrome Azurol S solution (50% purity) at final concentration of 8.3 mM in pH 4.0, washed thrice (15 min each) in acidic deionized water (pH 4.0), mounted between a glass slide and cover slip, and observed under a Leica DM 500 B light microscope coupled to a digital camera (Leica DFC295) (Bressan et al., 2016). Al was stained in purple, while phenolic compounds were stained in dark red.
description: Published as part of Souza, Marcelo Claro de, Scalon, Marina Corrêa, Poschenrieder, Charlotte, Tolrà, Roser, Venâncio, Tiago, Teixeira, Simone Pádua & Costa, Fernando Batista Da, 2018, Aluminium detoxification in facultative (Passovia ovata (Pohl ex DC.) Kuijt and Struthanthus polyanthus Mart. - Loranthaceae) and dependent (Psittacanthus robustus (Mart.) Marloth - Loranthaceae) Al-accumulating mistletoe species from the Brazilian savanna, pp. 58-63 in Phytochemistry 153 on page 61, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.05.020, http://zenodo.org/record/10483922
Narrations déviantes : représentations littéraires de l’amitié féminine au XVIIe siècle en France
Creators: name: Legault, Marianne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines various literary discourses on the question of female friendship in Ancien Régime texts of both a philosophical and literary nature. It takes as its premise the view of many feminist thinkers, such as the philosopher Janice Raymond, who assert that, contrary to men, women have been denied same sex friendship for centuries. From this basis, I explore the effect of this homosocial and homopriviledged heritage on the deployment of female friendship as a thematical narrative in the works of both male and female writers in seventeenth-century France. In Part One, I give a broad historical and feminist overview of the absence of women in the context of friendship theory as developed and revered by a long tradition of male thinkers from Antiquity to the Renaissance. Examples taken from Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Pierre De Blois, and Montaigne all confirm an increasing pessimism in regards to the possibility of female friendship, a belief that culminates in Montaigne's essay "De l'amitié." I then look at seventeenth-century moralists such as Nicole, La Rochefoucauld, and La Bruyère who follow this tradition by perpetuating discourses that refuse female friendships and limit women to a hetero-relational existence. In Part Two, relying on feminist and lesbian studies approaches, I examine literary discourses on female friendship as constructed by the male imaginary in the seventeenth century. I analyse two comedies, Molière's "Les Précieuses ridicules" and Isaac de Benserade's "Iphis et Ianthe", as well as a pastoral novel, Honoré d'Urfé's "L'Astrée", and expose their collective fearful narratives in relation to women's intimate relationships, a fear that often hides under the more obvious narratorial phantasmes of women loving women. In Part Three, based on lesbian literary history and criticisms, I explore the realms of female friendship in women's fiction. First I look at Scudéry's life-long choice to clearly refuse the patriarchal insistence on the primacy of homosocial and heterorelational bonds by elaborating her own female-centered discourse. I then begin my exploration into women's intimate worlds by looking at homoerotic narratives in Scudéry's "Mathilde (d'Aguilar)" and La Force's "Plus Belle que Fée", two texts which, I argue, expand the erotic possibilities of female friendships.
Signatures of spin-charge separation in scanning probe microscopy
Creators: name: Ussishkin, Iddo
name: Glazman, Leonid I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of an auxiliary scatterer, such as the potential of a scanning tip, on the conductance of an interacting one-dimensional electron system. We find that the differential conductance for tunneling into the end of a semi-infinite quantum wire reflects the separation of the elementary excitations into spin and charge modes. The separation is revealed as a specific pattern in the dependence of the conductance on bias and on the position of the scatterer.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; published version
A new determination of the $γπ\to ππ$ anomalous amplitude via $π^- e^- \to π^- e^- π^{0}$ data
Creators: name: Giller, I.
name: Ocherashvili, A.
name: Ebertshauser, T.
name: Moinester, M. A.
name: Scherer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the reaction $π^- e^- \to π^- e^- π^{0}$ with the purpose of obtaining information on the $γπ\to ππ$ anomalous amplitude ${\cal F}_{3π}$. We compare a full calculation at ${\cal O}(p^6)$ in chiral perturbation theory and various phenomenological predictions with the existing data of Amendolia {\em et al}. By integrating our theory results using Monte Carlo techniques we obtain $σ= 2.05 $ nb at ${\cal O}(p^6)$ and $σ= 2.17 $ nb after including the dominant electromagnetic correction. Both results are in good agreement with the experimental cross section of $σ= (2.11 \pm 0.47)$ nb. On the basis of the ChPT results one would extract from the the experimental cross section as amplitudes ${\cal F}_{3π}^{(0)\rm extr} = (9.9 \pm 1.1)$ GeV$^{-3}$ and ${\cal F}_{3π}^{(0)\rm extr} = (9.6 \pm 1.1)$ GeV$^{-3}$, respectively, which have to be compared with the low-energy theorem ${\cal F}_{3π}=e/(4π^2 F_π^3)=9.72 {GeV}^{-3}$. We emphasize the need for new data to allow for a comparison of experimental and theoretical distributions and to obtain ${\cal F}_{3π}$ with smaller uncertainty.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, discussion of the ChPT calculation extended
Using Matching Estimators to Evaluate the Effect of Unit-Based Pricing on Municipal Solid Waste Disposal
Creators: name: Wright, Christopher
name: Halstead, John M.
name: Wright, Christopher
name: Halstead, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Propensity score matching
subject: unit-based pricing
subject: pay-as-you-throw
subject: municipal solid waste

description: The delivery of municipal services for the collection, transfer, and disposal of household solid waste is often provided by local governmental units; typically at the town or city level. Unit-based pricing, also known as pay-as-you-throw (PAYT), is a residential solid waste collection program requiring households to pay a fee per bag of trash disposed. Unit-based pricing represents a significant departure from the historical practice of financing solid waste service from property tax revenues in which the marginal cost to a household for disposing solid waste is effectively zero. Local governments are motivated to adopt unit-based pricing for the purpose of creating a financial incentive for households to reduce the quantity of solid waste disposed and concurrently increasing the level of recycled materials. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of unit-based pricing of household solid waste disposal. A counter-factual model is used to estimate the program effect. The study area for this paper consists of the 234 incorporated towns and cities in the state of New Hampshire. As of 2008, 40 towns had adopted a form of unit-based pricing of household solid waste. Results from propensity score matching suggest there is an average annual reduction of 466 pounds of household solid waste due to unit-based pricing.