cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
K-theory and exceptional holonomy in string theory
Creators: name: Braun, Volker Friedrich
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: D-Branen
subject: K-Theorie
subject: Gepner Modelle
subject: Exeptionelle Holonomie
subject: D-branes
subject: K-theory
subject: Gepner models
subject: Exceptional holonomy
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 29 Physik, Astronomie
subject: UO 4065

description: In dieser Arbeit beschreibe ich verschiedene Aspekte der Kompaktifizierung der String Theorie, insbesondere auf nichttrivialen Mannigfaltigkeiten. Im ersten Teil betrachte ich K-Theorie und ihre Anwendung in der Untersuchung von D-Branen. Es handelt sich um eine verallgemeinerte Kohomologietheorie welche die möglichen Ladungen für eine gegebene Raumzeitmannigfaltigkeit klassifiziert. Eine natürliche Fragestellung ist inwiefern sich diese Beschreibung von der üblichen mit (de Rahm) Kohomologie/Homologie unterscheidet. Hierzu gebe ich eine Calabi-Yau Mannigfaltigkeit an die den Unterschied illustriert. Anstatt der Kompaktifizierung auf einer komplizierten glatten Mannigfaltigkeit kann man auch Orbifolds von einfachen Mannigfaltigkeiten studieren um interessante Kompaktifizierungen zu erhalten. Dies wird mit äquivarianter K-Theorie beschrieben. Um dies mit physikalischen vorhersagen zu vergleichen berechne ich alle KO_{Z_2}(R^{p,q}). Darueberhinaus kann man Orientifolds betrachten, diese führen auf die Definition von neuen K-Theorien. Ich beschreibe einfache Eigenschaften dieser Theorien. Im zweiten Teil präsentiere ich Kompaktifizierungen auf G_2 und Spin(7) Mannigfaltigkeiten und ihre Beschreibung als Gepner Modelle. Die SCFT und die geometrische Beschreibung unterscheiden sich, und ich gebe eine Erklärung für dieses Phänomen.
description: In this thesis I consider various aspects of string theory compactifications, especially for nontrivial internal manifolds. The first part is dedicated to the application of K-theory to the study of D-branes. It is the generalized cohomology theory which classifies the possible charges on a given spacetime. A natural question is whether there is any difference between K-theory and the usual description via (de Rahm) cohomology/homology. For this I present a Calabi-Yau manifold which illustrates this difference. Instead of compactifying on a complicated smooth manifold one can also consider orbifolds of simple manifolds to get interesting compactifications. These are described by equivariant K-theory. To be able to compare this with the physical prediction I calculate all KO_{Z_2}(R^{p,q}). Furthermore one can consider orientifolds, which suggests the definition of new K-theories. I investigate simple properties of these. In the second part I present compactifications on G_2 and Spin(7) manifolds and their description as Gepner models. The SCFT and the geometric description disagree. An explanation for this phenomenon is offered.
title: 2-D Simulation of Flow Structures Over Dunes for Flow Characteristics Estimation
Creators: name: Sharifi, Mohammad
name: Majdzadeh Tabatabai, Mohammad Reza
name: Ghoreishi Najafabadi, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Rivers have undulated beds, which are called bedforms. Depending on the hydraulic conditions, the bedforms have different types that cause resistance in the flow. Despite various research and experiments on bedforms, the topic is still debatable and requires further research. The present study is mainly focused on simulating the flow motion numerically on dunes in open channels to evaluate the effect of dune geometry on flow structure. Twenty-nine simulations were conducted to study the effect of the geometry of five types of dunes with different angles and heights under different hydraulic conditions and bed roughnesses. RANS and DES turbulence models were used to simulate small and large-scale dunes, respectively. The results of the numerical model were compared with the experimental results of previous researchers to validate the work, indicating the appropriate accuracy of the numerical model. Then, an empirical equation was adopted to evaluate the effect of dune geometry on flow hydraulics by considering the equations of previous researchers. Finally, sensitivity analyses were carried out to determine the dependence of each parameter in this equation.
‘What are people for?’
Creators: name: Kei, Yat Shun
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: This article revisits previously overlooked exchanges between pre-eminent figures in British architecture and ecology, William Holford, Julian Huxley, and Max Nicholson, which were incorporated in one of the earliest uses of the term ‘built environment’ in 1964. By examining how an energy-entropy interpretation of the ecosystem had shaped their views on the natural, human-made, and psychosocial milieu, I will consider the way cybernetics conditioned the articulation of the built environment. Contextualising their exchanges in the socio-cultural climate of the early 1960s, I trace an almost concurrent environmental turn made by architecture and ecology. Moreover, the exchange between architecture and ecology has engendered an environmental conception that prioritised the transformative and reciprocal relationship between humans and what surrounds them. In this effort, I pay particular attention to a co-evolutionary view of the technosphere, biosphere, and political sphere formulated by Nicholson. I also discuss the infiltration of eugenic and technocratic views in this reconceptualisation of the environment. Despite the peculiarities of these theories, their conceptualisation of the environment had pointed towards an important question in employing the ecosystemic metaphor: what are people for?
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Issue # 28 | Spring/ Summer 2021 | All is in Formation: Architecture, Cybernetics, Ecology
Cyberneticisation as a Theory and Practice of Matter
Creators: name: Hughes, Rolf
name: Armstrong, Rachel
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: The ecological implementation of cybernetic ideas in architecture requires a material theory and practice that enables their propositions to be tested. The need for approaches that move from simulation to cybernetic reality is a documented limitation of cybernetics recognised by Stafford Beer with his pond ecology experiments and Gordon Pask through electrochemical devices. While both experimented with adaptive material platforms as embodiments of designed cybernetic systems, their approaches were limited by the available toolsets. This article considers an ecological trajectory of cybernetisation by revisiting notions of biological computation as a generative material practice. In particular, the growing fields of biodesign and living architecture go beyond notions of biological analogues that inform modern architecture by directly incorporating living systems into the very fabric of buildings as designed expressions of ecology.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Issue # 28 | Spring/ Summer 2021 | All is in Formation: Architecture, Cybernetics, Ecology
Nodal sets of Laplace eigenfunctions: polynomial upper estimates of the Hausdorff measure
Creators: name: Logunov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\mathbb{M}$ be a compact $C^\infty$-smooth Riemannian manifold of dimension $n$, $n\geq 3$, and let $φ_λ: Δ_M φ_λ+ λφ_λ= 0$ denote the Laplace eigenfunction on $\mathbb{M}$ corresponding to the eigenvalue $λ$. We show that $$H^{n-1}(\{ φ_λ=0\}) \leq C λ^α,$$ where $α>1/2$ is a constant, which depends on $n$ only, and $C>0$ depends on $\mathbb{M}$ . This result is a consequence of our study of zero sets of harmonic functions on $C^\infty$-smooth Riemannian manifolds. We develop a technique of propagation of smallness for solutions of elliptic PDE that allows us to obtain local bounds from above for the volume of the nodal sets in terms of the frequency and the doubling index.
title: Effect of Diameter and Inlet-Depth on Hydro-Suction Performance of a Suction Pipe
Creators: name: Jaiswal, A.
name: Ahmad, Z.
name: Mishra, S. K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Sedimentation in rivers and reservoirs leads to inundation of surrounding areas, topsoil degradation, low depth for navigation, loss of reservoir capacity, etc. Hydro-suction is a process of sediment removal in which sediment is sucked along with water using a suction pipe placed vertically on/above/below the sediment bed. This paper deals with the effect of diameter and inlet-depth of suction pipe on performance of hydro-suction. A series of experiments are performed using five suction pipes of diameter of 5.08×10-2 m, 7.62×10-2 m, 10.16×10-2 m, 12.70×10-2 m, and 15.24×10-2 m, placed at inlet depth of 0.015 m and 0.03 m, under discharge ranging from 0.5×10-3 m3/s to 3×10-3 m3/s and median sediment size of 0.33 mm. Hydro-suction performance is evaluated by the sediment volume removed, which is calculated from the experimental data of scour profile. The investigation inferred that for a constant diameter, hydro-suction performance decreases with an increase in suction inlet depth. An increase in hydro-suction performance is seen up to suction pipe diameter of 10.16×10-2 m, and any further increase in suction pipe diameter decreases the hydro-suction performance.
Electrical stimulation to improve proprioception in the normal knee
Creators: name: Collins, Amber Taylor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Proprioception is the conscious and unconscious perception of joint position and movement in space. Deficits in knee proprioception are known to occur after specific knee injuries and may increase the risk of acute knee injury. These deficits have also been shown to have a role in the progression of knee osteoarthritis. Stochastic resonance electrical stimulation may be a novel way of improving knee proprioception by increasing the output of sensory systems. This study was designed to demonstrate whether any differences exist in proprioception in the normal knee when subject to the combination of subthreshold electrical stimulation and a neoprene knee sleeve. We found that joint position sense was best during the sleeve/stimulation condition in the partial weight bearing task and best during the sleeve/no stimulation condition in the nonweight bearing task. These results are promising for future applications of subthreshold electrical stimulation therapy in osteoarthritis patients.
Critical Technics in Architecture
Creators: name: Mellas, Zach
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: In this article, I posit that for the field of architecture to come to a distinctly architectural application of computational technologies it requires the elaboration of a concept of critical technics. This is premised on a systems-view of technical development, which highlights the importance of time and situatedness for any consideration of change, genesis or becoming. In order to then construct an architectural technicity that can grapple with the external character of technical development, I argue – using the philosophy of technology of Gilbert Simondon and Stafford Beer’s management cybernetics – that what is needed for this is a radical opening-up of the architectural process in the form of a democratisation, to augment architecture’s capacity for producing alternate futurity.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Issue # 28 | Spring/ Summer 2021 | All is in Formation: Architecture, Cybernetics, Ecology
A Unified Learning Platform for Dynamic Frequency Scaling in Pipelined Processors
Creators: name: Ajirlou, Arash Fouman
name: Partin-Vaisband, Inna
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Engineering
Electronics, sensors and digital hardware
Information and computing sciences
Electrical engineering

description: A machine learning (ML) design framework is proposed for dynamically adjusting clock frequency based on propagation delay of individual instructions. A Random Forest model is trained to classify propagation delays in real-time, utilizing current operation type, current operands, and computation history as ML features. The trained model is implemented in Verilog as an additional pipeline stage within a baseline processor. The modified system is simulated at the gate-level in 45 nm CMOS technology, exhibiting a speed-up of 68% and energy reduction of 37% with coarse-grained ML classification. A speed-up of 95% is demonstrated with finer granularities at additional energy costs.
Teacher Labor Markets, School Competition, and Educational Outcomes- Evidence from Chile
Creators: name: Nadal Fernandez, Josep Maria
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation examines three reforms impacting teacher labor markets in Chile to shed light on how teacher labor markets influence educational outcomes in a context of school competition. The first chapter measures the impact of increased employment protection for teachers in public schools, focusing on a policy change that granted permanent status to some temporary teachers based on seniority. Employing a difference-in-differences approach, the study finds a significant increase in teacher retention following the policy implementation. The retention effects are particularly salient in schools with lower family incomes and higher levels of school competition, which had previously experienced higher teacher turnover rates. The policy is associated with an immediate negative effect on students' test scores. Yet, the decline in performance is primarily observed among teachers in high socioeconomic status schools. The second chapter investigates the effects of two bonus retirement policies targeted at public school teachers in Chile. Utilizing a difference-in-discontinuities approach, the study reveals that these retirement bonus initiatives significantly increase the likelihood of teachers leaving the school near the eligibility cutoff, even two years after the policy implementation. The departure of bonus-eligible teachers led to substantial vacancies, mainly filled by less experienced teachers under temporary contracts. Over the post-implementation period, an increase in teachers rated as low-performing is observed, predominantly driven by new teachers, as well as a decline in standardized test scores- particularly associated with one of the bonus policies. The study identifies heterogeneity effects on test scores, with low socioeconomic status schools in more competitive areas showing no decline in test performance. The third chapter explores whether the returns of school competition were more pronounced following the adoption of a full-day school (FDS) reform. Using an event study analysis and leveraging the gradual adoption of the FDS reform, the study investigates how institutional differences and the level of school competition influence the expansion of school inputs. The study also uses municipal exposure to FDS, finding that the increases in test scores associated with FDS adoption are more pronounced in areas characterized by higher levels of school competition. Lower returns to FDS adoption are estimated in areas with a higher concentration of lower socioeconomic status (SES) students and when adjacent communities also adopt the reform.
Transformations between Jordan and Einstein frames: Bounces, antigravity, and crossing singularities
Creators: name: Kamenshchik, Alexander Yu.
name: Pozdeeva, Ekaterina O.
name: Vernov, Sergey Yu.
name: Tronconi, Alessandro
name: Venturi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between the Jordan-Einstein frame transition and the possible description of the crossing of singularities in flat Friedmann universes, using the fact that the regular evolution in one frame can correspond to crossing singularities in the other frame. We show that some interesting effects arise in simple models such as one with a massless scalar field or another wherein the potential is constant in the Einstein frame. The dynamics in these models and in their conformally coupled counterparts are described in detail, and a method for the continuation of such cosmological evolutions beyond the singularity is developed. We compare our approach with some other, recently developed, approaches to the problem of the crossing of singularities.
description: 15 pages, v2: title changed, presentation improved, references added, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Environments (out) of Control
Creators: name: Vass, Lorinc
name: Cloutier, Roy
name: Sylvia, Nicole
name: Contingent Collective
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: This article examines the contradictory circuits of (neo)cybernetics in contemporary architectural and urbanistic discourse by reframing them within the ‘environmentalitarian’ epoch. Cybernetics is today simultaneously exalted as a liberatory mechanism for designing emergence, complexity and open-endedness, and constitutive of an indiscernible mode of decentralised, environmentally modulated control. The history of cyberneticisation has received renewed attention as the key catalyst for environmentalisation, and as the predominant control paradigm underlying late-capitalist Environmentality. Given the profound spatial implications of this trajectory, understanding architecture’s own cybernetic entanglements is a much-needed step towards a critical revaluation of environmentality. The article thus maps the cybernetic imaginary ‘at large’ across architecture – alongside landscape architecture and urbanism – under various guises such as adaptation, responsiveness, cultivation, resilience or conversation. By probing the salient characteristics of these approaches, their problematic proximity to the logic of cybernetic capitalism is contextualised in relation to the broader ontological and ontopolitical questions of the Anthropocene era. The article concludes by tracing possible conceptual trajectories amid and beyond the restrictive circuits of Environmentality: from adaptation to contingency, via Yuk Hui’s proposal for a cosmopolitics grounded in affirmative fortuity; and from responsiveness to response-ability, via Donna Haraway’s experimental material-semiotics of sympoiesis.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Issue # 28 | Spring/ Summer 2021 | All is in Formation: Architecture, Cybernetics, Ecology
title: Bed Load Computation for Gravel Particles in Gravel-Silt Mixture
Creators: name: Singh, U. K.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Ahmad, Z.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Fluvial hydraulics deals with the process of erosion, transportation, and deposition of sediment in channels by the action of flowing water. This paper presents experimental results on bed load transport rate of gravel particles transported from mobile channel bed made of gravel-silt mixture. Gravel and sand particles were observed transported as bed load due to their coarser size while silt transported as suspended load. Bed load was collected at regular time interval of like 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, etc. Bed surface profile and water surface profile were measured spatially at an interval of 50 cm at the center line of the test section along the flow. It was observed that collected bed load decreases with the time passes and the run was continued till the equilibrium condition i.e., low amount of bed load collected for a long duration and simultaneously bed surface profile and water surface profile come into nearly stable state. This condition is here treated as equilibrium condition as there is no feeding of sediment in the channel and test section also tends to in stable condition with nearly no outflow of sediment. At the end of run, layer of gravel particles was found on the top surface of the channel bed in the mixture of gravel-silt; however, high degradation was observed towards the upstream of test section. A relationship has been developed to compute the total bed load which found in good agreement with the observed data.
Nodal sets of Laplace eigenfunctions: estimates of the Hausdorff measure in dimension two and three
Creators: name: Logunov, Alexander
name: Malinnikova, Eugenia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Δ_M$ be the Laplace operator on a compact $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifold without boundary. We study the zero sets of its eigenfunctions $u:Δu + λu =0$. In dimension $n=2$ we refine the Donnelly-Fefferman estimate by showing that $H^1(\{u=0 \})\le Cλ^{3/4-β}$, $β\in (0,1/4)$. The proof employs the Donnelli-Fefferman estimate and a combinatorial argument, which also gives a lower (non-sharp) bound in dimension $n=3$: $H^2(\{u=0\})\ge cλ^α$, $α\in (0,1/2)$. The positive constants $c,C$ depend on the manifold, $α$ and $β$ are universal.
Trading Zones and the Stickiness of Ideas
Creators: name: Williams Goldhagen, Sarah
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2020

description: Following up on her description of architecture as a discourse, or a long and complex conversation sustained by a multitude of professionals, Sarah Williams Goldhagen elaborates on the way this discourse has evolved over the decades, shifting from style as conveyor of meaning, to climate and technique as central concerns of the contemporary architect. Ranging from current historiography and its role in pedagogy, to the different agendas that inform architecture practice and the architecture competition in our time, this conversation provides a series of powerful leads for further investigation.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Issue # 26 | Spring / Summer 2020 | The Architecture Competition as Contact Zone: Towards a Historiography of Cross-Cultural Exchanges
Architecture as Exchange
Creators: name: Mejía Hernández, Jorge
name: Nuijsink, Cathelijne
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2020

description: The editorial introduction to this issue of Footprint follows a double trajectory. On the one hand, it describes an ambition for architecture historiography. The social sciences have long recognised the need for more comprehensive and inclusive methods for writing history. Among them, comparative literature scholar Mary Louise Pratt’s ‘contact zone’ appears as a useful framework for writing new histories of architecture that recognise the many interrelations that characterise the discipline of architecture. On the other hand the introduction explains why, among many possible contact zones, focus has been set on the architecture competition. A short description of key aspects from the different contributions shows how, seen as a contact zone, the architecture competition emerges as fertile ground for the production of disciplinary knowledge, resulting from exchanges between different cultures. Acknowledging the diverse nature of these cultures, together with the recognition of institutions, legislation and other conceptual frameworks as key elements of architecture as contact zone offers fresh theoretical insight, but also poses unexpected communicative challenges.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Issue # 26 | Spring / Summer 2020 | The Architecture Competition as Contact Zone: Towards a Historiography of Cross-Cultural Exchanges
The motivations and challenges of living simply in a consuming society
Creators: name: Chi, Kelly Rae
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Voluntary simplicity, a cultural movement that focuses on buying less and working less, blossomed in the mid-1990s as increasing numbers of Americans voiced dissatisfaction with excessive consumerism and working long hours. While the movement is not formalized today, many Americans do live simply, according to some of the simplicity literature. Practices range from buying only environmentally friendly products, following religious guidelines, or living in communal settings. Though the weakening U.S. economy makes simplicity an attractive or necessary way of life, the daily lives of simplifiers are underreported in the mainstream media. Since 2003, newspaper articles on simplicity have diminished, and existing articles lack context on the varied motivations and challenges of the simplicity movement and how some Americans live simply. This thesis and its series of articles aims to fill that gap by looking at simplicity research as well as the stories of local people in family and community settings.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 1 (100)]
Creators: name: Molendinarius
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1186
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Molendinarius, praepositus der Kathedrale von Cremona, investiert mit Zustimmung weiterer Kanoniker Bernardus de Sollarolo mit einem Stück Land, gelegen in Tetarengo, gegen die Entrichtung einer festgesetzten jährlichen Abgabe.
Structure of the preconditioned system in various preconditioned conjugate gradient squared algorithms
Creators: name: Itoh, Shoji
name: Sugihara, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A06, 65F10

description: An improved preconditioned conjugate gradient squared (PCGS) algorithm has recently been proposed, and it performs much better than the conventional PCGS algorithm. In this paper, the improved PCGS algorithm is verified as a coordinative to the left-preconditioned system, and it has the advantages of both the conventional and the left-PCGS; this is done by comparing, analyzing, and executing numerical examinations of various PCGS algorithms, including another improved one. We show that the direction of the preconditioned system for the CGS method is determined by the operations of $α_k$ and $β_k$ in the PCGS algorithm. By comparing the logical structures of these algorithms, we show that the direction of the preconditioned system can be switched by the construction and setting of the initial shadow residual vector.
Relaying Memory through a Generated Environment
Creators: name: Beydoun, Ahmad
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: Abstract: Khiam Detention Centre (KDC), a detention camp established by Israel in South Lebanon in 1985, is currently under heavy political interference that aims to manipulate and monopolise the writing of its burdened history. The preservation of memory of events that took place in this prison needs to be urgently addressed in the face of multiple attempts of its erasure and biased revisions. This study surveys three types of media sources that contain the memory of KDC: 1) interviews conducted with former prisoners; 2) the data-archives of a radio programme called Nahnu Bikhayr Taminuna Ankom(We are alive, tell us if you are) and 3) the built environment mapped with a sonic device. The extracted memories are then transcluded to a generated environment that virtually relays the mnemonic site of KDC. This project was done out of an urgent need to preserve KDC’s media imprints that are prone to erasure and modification. KDC is situated on the border of South Lebanon, a territory whose land and electromagnetic field have been occupied by state and non-state political actors. Since the claims of technological sovereignty inside the territory are tenuous and rife with the risk of political manipulation, I chose the space of the internet as provisionally more inclusive environment to host the virtual environment of KDC. Through three media sources, the generated environment allows users to experiment with the limitations and imposition of sound, allowing the critical recreation of the KDC site. Keywords: Reconstruction of memory, technological occupation, border territories, electronic surveillance.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Issue # 27 | Autumn / Winter 2020 | Conflict Mediations
Understanding the Paradoxical Experiences of Indigeneity In Izalco, El Salvador
Creators: name: Melara Pineda, Juan Gualberto
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: indigenous politics
mestizaje
El Salvador
coloniality

description: The town of Izalco in El Salvador has recently become the site of indigenous revival. This development is occurring in the midst of numerous narratives at the national and local levels which assert that the indigenous Náhuat-Pipil people have disappeared from El Salvador. The causal assumption is that indigenous people were massacred during a peasant uprising in 1932 and since then, the remaining few assimilated into the dominant mestizo culture through the adoption of ladino language, dress and traditions. The purpose of this dissertation is therefore to analyze this apparent paradox, where indigeneity oscillates between presence and absence. Using an interpretivist political ethnographic framework, this dissertation deepens our understanding of indigeneity by identifying hidden practices and discourses, across everyday social contexts in Izalco, which give meaning to indigeneity. Rather than beginning with set ‘ethnic’ criteria aimed at examining how a pre-established group of indigenous people experience indigeneity, I focus my analysis on four areas where indigeneity surfaced: as part of cultural celebrations (during Día de la Cruz), in stories and storytelling practices, through visual representations of ‘Indians’, and within the context of the global tourism industry. My research therefore moves beyond the tendencies of negating an indigenous presence because of the perceived absence of essentialist ethnic identifiers in El Salvador. In approaching the study of indigeneity in such a manner, I demonstrate the pervasiveness of hegemonic colonial representations through which people give meaning to indigeneity. Across the sites of analysis presented in this dissertation, expressions of indigeneity (that is, when people speak, in images, spaces, religious rituals, and social interactions) consistently reproduce colonial power relations, in which the Indian is positioned as inferior in relation to mestizos. Such a characterization also suggests that it is indigeneity, rather than simply indigenous people, which has been subject to coloniality.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 2 (1)]
Creators: name: Peregrinus Pensafolia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1200
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Peregrinus Pensafolia aus Casalbuttano belehnt Petrus, archipresbyter der Kathedrale von Cremona, im Namen der canonica mit Gütern in Casalbuttano.
Croatia’s Difficult Political Trajectory after the Disintegration of Yugoslavia
Creators: name: Zatezalo, Jasmina Nina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This paper explores the main reasons for Croatia's laggardness in political and economic reforms after the disintegration of Yugoslavia in 1991. While Slovenia experienced a relatively smooth economic and political transition thanks to the country's pre-war legacy of legitimate governments, the absence of violent conflict with Serbia, and the presence of institutional reforms even before membership talks with the EU, Croatia faced Tudjman's nationalist and isolationist rule, the war both in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, the spread of fear and the exploitation of the media, and, finally, the lack of cooperation of the 2000 government with the ICTY. In other words, all these factors contributed to Croatia's dismal political and economic performance of the 1990s. Croatia's journey towards Europe began only after 2000 when the more EUfriendly Social-Democrats came to power. Nevertheless, problems remain and further reforms are needed if Croatia is to join the EU by 2009.
title: River Aggradation-Degradation Under Sand Mining: Experimental and Numerical Studies
Creators: name: Abdullahi, Nejib H.
name: Ahmad, Zulfequar
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Sand mining from the river for different purposes is a common cause of the failure of hydraulic structures. Its presence in a river causes intense bedload transport, which is crucial for designing and operating hydraulic structures. The flow characteristics and aggradation-degradation phenomenon in the vicinity of the sand mining pit have been analyzed with experimental and numerical approaches. The bed level evolution in the vicinity of the pit was measured using a pointer gauge for different temporal and equilibrium stage conditions. A numerical simulation was done using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model, Flow-3D, which was used to compute the bedload transport deposited in the pit and to estimate the spacetime dynamics of the bed evolution of the pit. The volume of fluid (VOF) equation is used to confirm the application of boundary conditions at the free surface in a numerical method. The turbulence formed in the vicinity of the pit was predicted using the turbulence model k-ε with re-normalization group (RNG) extensions. Different bedload transport equations and mesh grid sizes were tried to identify the best fit for aggradation-degradation simulation around sand mining pit. The total volume of bedload transported from the upstream section was deposited in a pit since a pit was used as a bedload trap. The experimental and numerical results showed a close agreement which verified the efficiency of the Flow-3D model.
The dissipation tensor $\varepsilon_{ij}$ in wall turbulence
Creators: name: Gerolymos, G. A.
name: Vallet, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper investigates the dissipation tensor $\varepsilon_{ij}$ in wall turbulence. Available DNS data are examined to illustrate the differences in the anisotropy of the dissipation tensor $\varepsilon_{ij}$ with respect to the anisotropy of the Reynolds-stresses $r_{ij}$. The budgets of the transport equations of the dissipation tensor $\varepsilon_{ij}$ are studied using novel DNS data of low-Reynolds-number turbulent plane channel flow with spatial resolution sufficiently fine to accurately determine the correlations of products of 2-derivatives of fluctuating velocities $u_i'$ and pressure $p'$ which appear in various terms. Finally, the influence of the Reynolds number on the diagonal components of $\varepsilon_{ij}$ ($\varepsilon_{xx}$, $\varepsilon_{yy}$, $\varepsilon_{zz}$) and on the various terms in their transport equations is studied using available DNS data of Vreman and Kuerten (Phys. Fluids 26 (2014) 085103).
title: Introduction and Investigation of a Large-Scale Piano Key Weir Fabricated Via Rapid Prototyping
Creators: name: Oertal, M.
name: Belay, B.
name: Shen, X.
name: Willems, H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Piano key weirs (PKW) are novel hydraulic structures, characterized by an increased discharge capacity, compared to regular weirs. Through the last decades, experimental studies have mainly focused on efficiency aspects and design regulations. Therefore, often small scaled experiments were conducted in hydraulics laboratories in which model geometries were produced with materials like acrylic glass. But also in recent practices, 3D printing techniques are being used to plot small-scaled piano key weir configurations up to 30 or 40 cm width. The present investigation focuses on a large-scale 3D printed PKW with a total width of 1 m featuring quarter round crest shape in upstream direction. The weight of the printed structure is approximately 30 kg and 8 days continuous plotting process were necessary to produce the weir – consequently, it is the largest 3D printed PKW up-to-date. The plotted PKW was installed at Helmut-Schmidt-University’s new hydraulics laboratory within a 20 m long and 1 m wide flume. Discharges ranging from 20 to 330 L/s were used to investigate the hydraulic performance of this printed PKW with a height of 4 cm. Results depict that the scale difference between models of 30 cm and 40 cm in height is not significant if the objective is to study discharge coefficients. 30 cm models can reproduce similar flow properties at a relatively smaller cost and less preparation time. Moreover, patterns of nape detachment were observed at the downstream crest lip, indicating the influence of the printing layer height in inducing undesired flow separation for relative upstream heads above 0.33 that could likely affect the nape trajectory.
The Spatial Extensions of the Right to Seek Asylum
Creators: name: Philippou, Melina
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: Abstract: The spatial extensions of the right to seek asylum is a project to investigate the first response of the European mainland to the humanitarian refugee crisis of 2015 through critical mapping. The site of exploration is the Eastern Mediterranean Route (EMR), a passage expanding from Greece to Germany through the Balkans, used for many years as an entry path into Europe. During the first quarter of 2015, the European Union temporarily formalised the EMR. It was the first time after the Second World War that Europe addressed statelessness in its territory. This essay discusses the spatial articulations of the EMR political reality through the analytical frame of the ethics of admissions. It unfolds its institutional geography, infrastructure, programme, and strategies and unveils the EMR territory as a transnational space of exception with its own rules and principles. Keywords: Syrian Refugee Crisis, Eastern Mediterranean Route, Ethics of Admissions, Critical Cartography, Border Management, Camp
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Issue # 27 | Autumn / Winter 2020 | Conflict Mediations
Site-Archive-Medium
Creators: name: Keller, Eliyahu
name: Jarzombek, Mark
name: Mann, Eytan
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: Abstract: The Palestinian village of Lifta, located beneath the western entrance to the city of Jerusalem, holds a deep history within its site. Evacuated by the newly established Israeli military forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war – or the Nakba (‘The Catastrophe’) as it is referred to by the Palestinian population – the village and its remains are a unique locus of conflicted histories, archaeology and landscape, and of collective memories. This article presents the work conducted during an experimental design research workshop within the MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Taking Lifta’s site, as well as it historical and archaeological complexity, both real and imagined, as its archive, students developed their thematics following site-visits, interviews and research, and designed virtual experiences of the village, its multiple histories and narratives. The efforts provide epistemological and experiential cross-sections through the problematics of the site’s complex history. In the process of designing a possible platform for a critical historiography of Lifta, the projects aim to further the potential of immersive technologies as a pedagogical tool. Keywords: Architecture, History, Lifta, Israel-Palestine, Virtual Reality
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Issue # 27 | Autumn / Winter 2020 | Conflict Mediations
Meromorphic vector fields with single-valued solutions on complex surfaces
Creators: name: Guillot, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34M05, 34M45, 37F75

description: We study ordinary differential equations in the complex domain given by meromorphic vector fields on Kähler compact complex surfaces. We prove that if such an equation has a maximal single valued solution with Zariski-dense image (in particular, if it has an entire one) then, up to a bimeromorphic transformation, either the vector field is holomorphic or it preserves a fibration.
description: post-referee version
I will not find this image beautiful I will not find this image beautiful I will not find this image beautiful (An unfinished monument)
Creators: name: Mismar, Omar
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2021

description: Abstract During the summer of 2014, I scrolled through the images of the Israeli bombings of Gaza, mesmerized behind the computer screen by their beauty. They were stunning and my engagement with them, so far away from the event, was based on purely flat aesthetic grounds– which is uncannily perverse. Attempting to deface the image, I insert the names of the victims of the attack into its script code. Each name typed into the script alters the photograph and leaves its mark. While trying to defile the visual, to escape from the beauty of this violence, a different aesthetic transpires, that of the glitch. With naming the dead, the notion of a monument emerges, reinforced by the sculptural quality of the smoke cloud. The resulting video is entitled I will not find this image beautiful, I will not find this image beautiful, I will not find this image beautiful (An unfinished monument) (11h 43min). Keywords Aesthetics, conflict, Palestine, glitch, monument
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Issue # 27 | Autumn / Winter 2020 | Conflict Mediations
A Time-Space Trade-off for Computing the k-Visibility Region of a Point in a Polygon
Creators: name: Bahoo, Yeganeh
name: Banyassady, Bahareh
name: Bose, Prosenjit
name: Durocher, Stephane
name: Mulzer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let $P$ be a simple polygon with $n$ vertices, and let $q \in P$ be a point in $P$. Let $k \in \{0, \dots, n - 1\}$. A point $p \in P$ is $k$-visible from $q$ if and only if the line segment $pq$ crosses the boundary of $P$ at most $k$ times. The $k$-visibility region of $q$ in $P$ is the set of all points that are $k$-visible from $q$. We study the problem of computing the $k$-visibility region in the limited workspace model, where the input resides in a random-access read-only memory of $O(n)$ words, each with $Ω(\log{n})$ bits. The algorithm can read and write $O(s)$ additional words of workspace, where $s \in \mathbb{N}$ is a parameter of the model. The output is written to a write-only stream. Given a simple polygon $P$ with $n$ vertices and a point $q \in P$, we present an algorithm that reports the $k$-visibility region of $q$ in $P$ in $O(cn/s+c\log{s} + \min\{\lceil k/s \rceil n,n \log{\log_s{n}}\})$ expected time using $O(s)$ words of workspace. Here, $c \in \{1, \dots, n\}$ is the number of critical vertices of $P$ for $q$ where the $k$-visibility region of $q$ may change. We generalize this result for polygons with holes and for sets of non-crossing line segments.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures; a preliminary version appeared in WALCOM 2017; this revision fixes a mistake in the proof of Theorem 4.4 in the published version, the statement of the theorem remains unchanged
Architecture Competitions as Pedagogical Tools
Creators: name: Ortiz, Federico
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2020

description: Architecture competitions are considered an essential part of the profession. But when entering the realm of pedagogy, can competitions be understood and used as tools to expand architectural practice and intertwine its professional and pedagogical strands? In this article I question and examine the sites of knowledge production that bridge the gap between academic and professional practice, and explore the idea that architecture competitions can become tools for interconnecting the traditionally separated ways of producing architecture. I explore a case study in which a pedagogical unit and a professional architecture office come together by using professional architecture competitions as pedagogical tools. Following the first ten years of Elia Zenghelis’s simultaneous pedagogical and professional practice at the Architectural Association’s Diploma Unit 9 and the Office for Metropolitan Architecture, I trace the original premises and the outcomes of this fruitful relationship. Four architecture competitions that were part of both the academic exercises of the Unit and the professional practice of the Office are explored in detail using archival documents from the Architectural Association. Examining the shifting nature of roles, viewpoints and ideas in this historical account, the professional mechanism of architecture competitions is seen as a crucial tool for collective knowledge production in the space of architecture education, and vice versa. This essay explores a case study in which a pedagogical Unit and a professional architecture Office come together by using professional architecture competitions as pedagogical tools. Following the first ten years of simultaneous architecture pedagogical and professional practice of Elia Zenghelis at the Architectural Association’s Diploma Unit 9 and the Office for Metropolitan Architecture, this article traces original premises and the outcomes of this fruitful relationship. Four architecture competitions that were part of both the academic exercises of the Unit and the professional practice of the Office are explored in detail using archival documents from the Architectural Association. Examining the shifting nature of roles, viewpoints and ideas in this historical account, the professional mechanism of architecture competitions is seen as a crucial tool for collective knowledge production in the space of architecture education, and vice versa.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Issue # 26 | Spring / Summer 2020 | The Architecture Competition as Contact Zone: Towards a Historiography of Cross-Cultural Exchanges
Pools, Carparks and Ball-pits
Creators: name: Lonergan, Hamish
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2020

description: The first restoration proposals to emerge after fire destroyed Notre Dame Cathedral’s roof and spire were jokes. The more serious schemes that followed Prime Minister Edouard Philippe’s announcement of a competition – many markedly similar, recreating what was lost in glass– were collected on mainstream design media websites like Dezeen where they attracted an unusually high volume of angry comments, accusing the architects of insensitivity. Soon after, Ulf Mejergren Architects’ proposal to replace Notre Dame’s roof with a meditative pool was edited into a carpark. It sparked a series of increasingly outlandish edits – first a multi-story carpark, then a ball pit – before the French Senate declared that there would be no competition after all. This at times absurd online interest might be new for architectural competitions, but it is easily explained through meme theory, as conceived of by scholars like Limor Shifman and Ryan Milner: systems of interconnected units of cultural exchange operating on both wider cultural and specific sub-cultural levels. In this essay I contend that meme theory can be used, in reverse, to analyse reactions to, and similarities between, even the most serious Notre Dame proposals. In applying this framework, we can begin to understand how competitions operate more broadly as part of a complex network online and how they relate to traditional competition conditions.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Issue # 26 | Spring / Summer 2020 | The Architecture Competition as Contact Zone: Towards a Historiography of Cross-Cultural Exchanges