cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Differential Effects of Methylphenidate on Problem Solving in Adults With ADHD
Creators: name: Tucha, Lara
name: Tucha, Oliver
name: Sontag, Thomas A.
name: Stasik, Dorota
name: Laufkötter, Rainer
name: Lange, Klaus W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: ADHD, adulthood, problem solving, Tower of London, verbal fluency, methylphenidate
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Objective: Two studies were performed to assess both divergent and convergent thinking in adults with ADHD. Method: The first study compared the problem-solving abilities of healthy participants (N = 144) and unmedicated adults with ADHD (N = 144). In the second study, problem-solving abilities of adults with diagnosed ADHD (N = 22) were examined twice, that is, on and off methylphenidate (MPH), and compared with the performance of a healthy control group (N = 22). Convergent thinking was measured using a Tower of London task, whereas divergent thinking was assessed using verbal fluency tasks. Results: Adults with ADHD off MPH displayed marked deficits of both divergent and convergent thinking. MPH treatment resulted in a marked improvement of convergent thinking, while no effect of medication was found regarding divergent thinking. Conclusion: Pharmacological treatment of adults with ADHD revealed a differential effect of MPH on problem solving abilities.
The F5 Criterion revised
Creators: name: Arri, Alberto
name: Perry, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.1.2; F.2.1
subject: 13P10 (Primary), 68W30

description: The purpose of this work is to generalize part of the theory behind Faugere's "F5" algorithm. This is one of the fastest known algorithms to compute a Groebner basis of a polynomial ideal I generated by polynomials f_{1},...,f_{m}. A major reason for this is what Faugere called the algorithm's "new" criterion, and we call "the F5 criterion"; it provides a sufficient condition for a set of polynomials G to be a Groebner basis. However, the F5 algorithm is difficult to grasp, and there are unresolved questions regarding its termination. This paper introduces some new concepts that place the criterion in a more general setting: S-Groebner bases and primitive S-irreducible polynomials. We use these to propose a new, simple algorithm based on a revised F5 criterion. The new concepts also enable us to remove various restrictions, such as proving termination without the requirement that f_{1},...,f_{m} be a regular sequence.
description: Originally submitted by Arri in 2009, with material added by Perry since 2010. The 2016 editions correct typographical issues not caught in previous editions bring the theory of the body into conformity with the published version of the paper
TWIST1 Promotes the Odontoblast-like Differentiation of Dental Stem Cells
Creators: name: Li, Y.
name: Lu, Y.
name: Maciejewska, I.
name: Galler, Kerstin M.
name: Cavender, A.
name: D’Souza, R. N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: TWIST1, RUNX2, dental stem cells, gene transfer, odontoblast, tooth development
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Stem cells derived from the dental pulp of extracted human third molars (DPSCs) have the potential to differentiate into odontoblasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and neural cells when provided with the appropriate conditions. To advance the use of DPSCs for dentin regeneration, it is important to replicate the permissive signals that drive terminal events in odontoblast differentiation during tooth development. Such a strategy is likely to restore a dentin matrix that more resembles the tubular nature of primary dentin. Due to the limitations of culture conditions, the use of ex vivo gene therapy to drive the terminal differentiation of mineralizing cells holds considerable promise. In these studies, we asked whether the forced expression of TWIST1 in DPSCs could alter the potential of these cells to differentiate into odontoblast-like cells. Since the partnership between Runx2 and Twist1 proteins is known to control the onset of osteoblast terminal differentiation, we hypothesized that these genes act to control lineage determination of DPSCs. For the first time, our results showed that Twist1 overexpression in DPSCs enhanced the expression of DSPP, a gene that marks odontoblast terminal differentiation. Furthermore, co-transfection assays showed that Twist1 stimulates Dspp promoter activity by antagonizing Runx2 function in 293FT cells. Analysis of our in vitro data, taken together, suggests that lineage specification of DPSCs can be modulated through ex vivo gene modifications.
Coherent control of three-spin states in a triple quantum dot
Creators: name: Gaudreau, L.
name: Granger, G.
name: Kam, A.
name: Aers, G. C.
name: Studenikin, S. A.
name: Zawadzki, P.
name: Pioro-Ladrière, M.
name: Wasilewski, Z. R.
name: Sachrajda, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin qubits involving individual spins in single quantum dots or coupled spins in double quantum dots have emerged as potential building blocks for quantum information processing applications. It has been suggested that triple quantum dots may provide additional tools and functionalities. These include the encoding of information to either obtain protection from decoherence or to permit all-electrical operation, efficient spin busing across a quantum circuit, and to enable quantum error correction utilizing the three-spin Greenberger-Horn-Zeilinger quantum state. Towards these goals we demonstrate for the first time coherent manipulation between two interacting three-spin states. We employ the Landau-Zener-Stückelberg approach for creating and manipulating coherent superpositions of quantum states. We confirm that we are able to maintain coherence when decreasing the exchange coupling of one spin with another while simultaneously increasing its coupling with the third. Such control of pairwise exchange is a requirement of most spin qubit architectures but has not been previously demonstrated.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, and 2 tables
Syntheses, crystal structures, reactivity, and photochemistry of gold(III) bromides bearing N-heterocyclic carbenes
Creators: name: Hirtenlehner, C.
name: Krims, C.
name: Hölbling, J.
name: List, M.
name: Zabel, Manfred
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Gold(I) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) of the type (NHC)AuBr (3a/3b) [NHC = 1-methyl-3-benzylimidazol-2-ylidene (= MeBnIm), and 1,3-dibenzylimidazol-2-ylidene (= Bn2Im)] are prepared by transmetallation reactions of (tht)AuBr (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) and (NHC)AgBr (2a/2b). The homoleptic, ionic complexes [(NHC)2Au]Br (6a/6b) are synthesized by the reaction with free carbene. Successive oxidation of 3a/3b and 6a/6b with bromine gave the respective (NHC)AuBr3 (4a/4b) and [(NHC)2AuBr2]Br (7a/7b) in good overall yields as yellow powders. All complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Reactions of the Au(III) complexes towards anionic ligands like carboxylates, phenolates and thiophenolates were investigated and result in a complete or partial reduction to a Au(I) complex. Irradiation of the Au(III) complexes with UV light yield the Au(I) congeners in a clean photo-reaction.
Deterministic methods to find primes
Creators: name: Polymath, D. H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y11

description: Given a large positive integer $N$, how quickly can one construct a prime number larger than $N$ (or between $N$ and 2N)? Using probabilistic methods, one can obtain a prime number in time at most $\log^{O(1)} N$ with high probability by selecting numbers between $N$ and 2N at random and testing each one in turn for primality until a prime is discovered. However, if one seeks a deterministic method, then the problem is much more difficult, unless one assumes some unproven conjectures in number theory; brute force methods give a $O(N^{1+o(1)})$ algorithm, and the best unconditional algorithm, due to Odlyzko, has a run time of $O(N^{1/2 + o(1)})$. In this paper we discuss an approach that may improve upon the $O(N^{1/2+o(1)})$ bound, by suggesting a strategy to determine in time $O(N^{1/2-c})$ for some $c>0$ whether a given interval in $[N,2N]$ contains a prime. While this strategy has not been fully implemented, it can be used to establish partial results, such as being able to determine the \emph{parity} of the number of primes in a given interval in $[N,2N]$ in time $O(N^{1/2-c})$.
description: 15 pages, no figures. A reference added. (Note also that the published version lists the main contributors to the project as authors, at the insistence of the journal.)
A novel method for in situ measurement of solubility via impedance scanning quartz crystal microbalance studies
Creators: name: Stock, Christoph
name: Moosbauer, Dominik Johann
name: Zugmann, Sandra
name: Simbeck, Tobias
name: Amereller, Marius
name: Gores, Heiner Jakob
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: We introduce here a novel in situmeasurement method for solubility of solids in various liquids. Without any calibration the saturation point can be obtained in a relative manner. We exemplified the new method at four systems including water, organic carbonates and an ionic liquid as the solvents and various salts as dissolved solids.
MPEC 2023-X140 : 2023 XT3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XT3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Universal quantum state merging
Creators: name: Bjelaković, Igor
name: Boche, Holger
name: Janßen, Gisbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the optimal entanglement rate of quantum state merging when assuming that the state is unknown except for its membership in a certain set of states. We find that merging is possible at the lowest rate allowed by the individual states. Additionally, we establish a lower bound for the classical cost of state merging under state uncertainty. To this end we give an elementary proof for the cost in case of a perfectly known state which makes no use of the "resource framework". As applications of our main result, we determine the capacity for one-way entanglement distillation if the source is not perfectly known. Moreover, we give another achievability proof for the entanglement generation capacity over compound quantum channels.
description: 35 pages, 0 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Math. Phys
Tailoring drug release profile of low-molecular-weight hydrogels by supramolecular co-assembly and thiol–ene orthogonal coupling
Creators: name: Díaz Díaz, David
name: Morin, Emmanuelle
name: Schön, Eva M.
name: Budin, Ghyslain
name: Wagner, Alain
name: Remy, Jean-Serge
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: We describe a general user-friendly platform for fine-tuning the drug release properties of low-molecular-weight hydrogels by a combination of supramolecular co-assembly of complementary molecular structures and controlled photochemical thiol–ene cross-linking. Other critical features such as thermomechanical stability and morphology of the nanostructured hydrogels are also tailored by this approach.
Associations between online and offline social functioning in emerging adults
Creators: name: Khalis Bin Abdul Karim, Adri
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: More so than any other age demographic, emerging adults are using social networking sites (SNS) such as Facebook, in addition to face-to-face interactions, to establish and maintain social relationships. Yet, despite a growing reliance on SNS, there is a dearth of research overall regarding the nature of online social interactions and how they may relate to face-to-face social functioning in emerging adulthood. Further, although psychopathology has been found to impact the face-to-face social functioning of emerging adults, it is unclear as to whether online social functioning may be similarly impacted. The current study documents different aspects of Facebook interactions and explores the associations between such aspects of Facebook interactions and important constructs in face-to-face relationships. In addition, I investigate the associations between these dimensions of online social functioning and common psychopathology, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxious- depressive symptoms. Participants were 240 international or Aboriginal first-year university students who attended a 2-week orientation program. Participants’ Facebook profiles and activity were observationally coded. Sociometric procedures within the orientation program indexed participants’ face-to-face social acceptance and reciprocated friendships. Participants also reported on their ADHD and anxious-depressive symptomatology. Results revealed four aspects that constitute emerging adults’ Facebook activity: Facebook Involvement, Positive Facebook Interactions, Negative Facebook Interactions, and Narcissistic Self-Presentation. Emerging adults who reported more ADHD symptomatology had greater Facebook Involvement but more Negative Facebook Interactions. Emerging adults who had more reciprocated friendships displayed greater Facebook Involvement and Narcissistic Self- Presentation. In contrast, more acceptance by peers predicted less Narcissistic Self-Presentation. Findings from the current study suggest that online social interactions on Facebook are multi-faceted, with each facet uniquely associated with face-to-face peer relationships. Some of these facets may also represent social phenomena that only emerge in online environments. Psychopathology in emerging adulthood may also be associated with a greater degree of negativity in online social interactions. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Renormalized Energies of Superfluorescent Bursts from an Electron-Hole Magneto-plasma with High Gain in InGaAs Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Kim, J. -H.
name: Lee, J.
name: Noe, G. T.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wójcik, A. K.
name: McGill, S. A.
name: Reitze, D. H.
name: Belyanin, A. A.
name: Kono, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study light emission properties of a population-inverted 2D electron-hole plasma in a quantizing magnetic field. We observe a series of superfluorescent bursts, discrete both in time and energy, corresponding to the cooperative recombination of electron-hole pairs from different Landau levels. The emission energies are strongly renormalized due to many-body interactions among the photogenerated carriers, exhibiting red-shifts as large as 20 meV at 15 T. However, the magnetic field dependence of the lowest Landau level emission line remains excitonic at all magnetic fields. Interestingly, our time-resolved measurements show that this lowest-energy burst occurs only after all upper states become empty, suggesting that this excitonic stability is related to the `hidden symmetry' of 2D magneto-excitons expected in the magnetic quantum limit.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Luminescent ruthenium probe for the determination of acetyl phosphate in complex biological matrices
Creators: name: Steiner, Mark-Steven
name: Dürkop, Axel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A new optical sensing microplate was developed for rapid screening for the presence of biogenic amines (BAs) in seafood samples with high sensitivity. The deposition of a sensing spot (containing a chameleon dye (Py-1) in a polymeric cocktail) on the bottom of the wells of a standard microplate renders the plate a new sensing tool for a rapid and parallel detection of up to 96 (real) samples. This sensing microplate enables (1) a semi-quantitative readout of analyte concentration by eye-vision, (2) a rapid fluorescence readout of 96 samples with standard instrumentation in less than two minutes (unlike chromatographic and electrophoretic methods), (3) a statistically robust data evaluation (with 8–12 replicates) and (4) a rapid parallel sample preparation with standard 8 or 12-channel micropipettes. On reaction with biogenic amines, the dye shows a significant visible color change from blue over green to red color. The appearance of red color favorably coincides with the concentration of BAs that can induce symptoms of poisoning. The linear ranges of fluorescence calibration data for six biogenic amines cover the clinical toxicological relevant range of BAs that is too low to be detected by the human nose. The LODs range from 0.16 to 0.56 μg mL−1, with correlation coefficients (r2) between 0.985 and 0.999. Finally, the evolution of spoilage of four fish samples (monitored by determination of their BA status) and the increase of their total amine content were found to agree well with previous data on time-dependent evolution of BAs in fish.
The orbifold cohomology of moduli of genus 3 curves
Creators: name: Pagani, Nicola
name: Tommasi, Orsola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10, 14N35

description: In this work we study the additive orbifold cohomology of the moduli stack of smooth genus g curves. We show that this problem reduces to investigating the rational cohomology of moduli spaces of cyclic covers of curves where the genus of the covering curve is g. Then we work out the case of genus g=3. Furthermore, we determine the part of the orbifold cohomology of the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space of genus 3 curves that comes from the Zariski closure of the inertia stack of M_3.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures. Minor changes, to appear in Manuscripta Math
High-throughput sensing microtiter plate for determination of biogenic amines in seafood using fluorescence or eye-vision
Creators: name: Azab, H. A.
name: El-Korashy, S. A.
name: Anwar, G. M.
name: Steiner, Mark-Steven
name: Dürkop, Axel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A new optical sensing microplate was developed for rapid screening for the presence of biogenic amines (BAs) in seafood samples with high sensitivity. The deposition of a sensing spot (containing a chameleon dye (Py-1) in a polymeric cocktail) on the bottom of the wells of a standard microplate renders the plate a new sensing tool for a rapid and parallel detection of up to 96 (real) samples. This sensing microplate enables (1) a semi-quantitative readout of analyte concentration by eye-vision, (2) a rapid fluorescence readout of 96 samples with standard instrumentation in less than two minutes (unlike chromatographic and electrophoretic methods), (3) a statistically robust data evaluation (with 8–12 replicates) and (4) a rapid parallel sample preparation with standard 8 or 12-channel micropipettes. On reaction with biogenic amines, the dye shows a significant visible color change from blue over green to red color. The appearance of red color favorably coincides with the concentration of BAs that can induce symptoms of poisoning. The linear ranges of fluorescence calibration data for six biogenic amines cover the clinical toxicological relevant range of BAs that is too low to be detected by the human nose. The LODs range from 0.16 to 0.56 μg mL−1, with correlation coefficients (r2) between 0.985 and 0.999. Finally, the evolution of spoilage of four fish samples (monitored by determination of their BA status) and the increase of their total amine content were found to agree well with previous data on time-dependent evolution of BAs in fish.
Coarse abstractions make Zeno behaviours difficult to detect
Creators: name: Herbreteau, Frédéric
name: Srivathsan, B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; F.1.3; F.1.1

description: An infinite run of a timed automaton is Zeno if it spans only a finite amount of time. Such runs are considered unfeasible and hence it is important to detect them, or dually, find runs that are non-Zeno. Over the years important improvements have been obtained in checking reachability properties for timed automata. We show that some of these very efficient optimizations make testing for Zeno runs costly. In particular we show NP-completeness for the LU-extrapolation of Behrmann et al. We analyze the source of this complexity in detail and give general conditions on extrapolation operators that guarantee a (low) polynomial complexity of Zenoness checking. We propose a slight weakening of the LU-extrapolation that satisfies these conditions.
Rare variants in the ATM gene and risk of breast cancer
Creators: name: Goldgar, D. E.
name: Healey, S.
name: Dowty, J. G.
name: Da Silva, L.
name: Chen, X.
name: Spurdle, A. B.
name: Terry, M. B.
name: Daly, M. J.
name: Buys, S. M.
name: Southey, M. C.
name: Andrulis, I.
name: John, E. M.
name: Khanna, K. K.
name: Hopper, J. L.
name: Oefner, Peter J.
name: Lakhani, S.
name: Chenevix-Trench, G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: INTRODUCTION: The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene (MIM ID 208900) encodes a protein kinase that plays a significant role in the activation of cellular responses to DNA double-strand breaks through subsequent phosphorylation of central players in the DNA damage-response pathway. Recent studies have confirmed that some specific variants in the ATM gene are associated with increased breast cancer (BC) risk. However, the magnitude of risk and the subset of variants that are pathogenic for breast cancer remain unresolved. METHODS: To investigate the role of ATM in BC susceptibility, we studied 76 rare sequence variants in the ATM gene in a case-control family study of 2,570 cases of breast cancer and 1,448 controls. The variants were grouped into three categories based on their likely pathogenicity, as determined by in silico analysis and analyzed by conditional logistic regression. Likely pathogenic sequence variants were genotyped in 129 family members of 27 carrier probands (15 of which carried c.7271T > G), and modified segregation analysis was used to estimate the BC penetrance associated with these rare ATM variants. RESULTS: In the case-control analysis, we observed an odds ratio of 2.55 and 95% confidence interval (CI, 0.54 to 12.0) for the most likely deleterious variants. In the family-based analyses, the maximum-likelihood estimate of the increased risk associated with these variants was hazard ratio (HR) = 6.88 (95% CI, 2.33 to 20.3; P = 0.00008), corresponding to a 60% cumulative risk of BC by age 80 years. Analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 18 breast tumors from women carrying likely pathogenic rare sequence variants revealed no consistent pattern of loss of the ATM variant. CONCLUSIONS: The risk estimates from this study suggest that women carrying the pathogenic variant, ATM c.7271T > G, or truncating mutations demonstrate a significantly increased risk of breast cancer with a penetrance that appears similar to that conferred by germline mutations in BRCA2.
Oscillations in the Primordial Bispectrum: Mode Expansion
Creators: name: Meerburg, P. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the presence of oscillations in the primordial bispectrum, inspired by three different cosmological models; features in the primordial potential, resonant type non-Gaussianities and deviation from the standard Bunch Davies vacuum. In order to put constraints on their bispectra, a logical first step is to put these into factorized form which can be achieved via the recently proposed method of polynomial basis expansion on the tetrahedral domain. We investigate the viability of such an expansion for the oscillatory bispectra and find that one needs an increasing number of orthonormal mode functions to achieve significant correlation between the expansion and the original spectrum as a function of their frequency. To reduce the number of modes required, we propose a basis consisting of Fourier functions orthonormalized on the tetrahedral domain. We show that the use of Fourier mode functions instead of polynomial mode functions can lead to the necessary factorizability with the use of only 1/5 of the total number of modes required to reconstruct the bispectra with polynomial mode functions. Moreover, from an observational perspective, the expansion has unique signatures depending on the orientation of the oscillation due to a resonance effect between the mode functions and the original spectrum. This effect opens the possibility to extract informa- tion about both the frequency of the bispectrum as well as its shape while considering only a limited number of modes. The resonance effect is independent of the phase of the reconstructed bispectrum suggesting Fourier mode extraction could be an efficient way to detect oscillatory bispectra in the data.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Matches published version
Genome Expression Pathway Analysis Tool--analysis and visualization of microarray gene expression data under genomic, proteomic and metabolic context
Creators: name: Weniger, M.
name: Engelmann, Julia C.
name: Schultz, J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background Regulation of gene expression is relevant to many areas of biology and medicine, in the study of treatments, diseases, and developmental stages. Microarrays can be used to measure the expression level of thousands of mRNAs at the same time, allowing insight into or comparison of different cellular conditions. The data derived out of microarray experiments is highly dimensional and often noisy, and interpretation of the results can get intricate. Although programs for the statistical analysis of microarray data exist, most of them lack an integration of analysis results and biological interpretation. Results We have developed GEPAT, Genome Expression Pathway Analysis Tool, offering an analysis of gene expression data under genomic, proteomic and metabolic context. We provide an integration of statistical methods for data import and data analysis together with a biological interpretation for subsets of probes or single probes on the chip. GEPAT imports various types of oligonucleotide and cDNA array data formats. Different normalization methods can be applied to the data, afterwards data annotation is performed. After import, GEPAT offers various statistical data analysis methods, as hierarchical, k-means and PCA clustering, a linear model based t-test or chromosomal profile comparison. The results of the analysis can be interpreted by enrichment of biological terms, pathway analysis or interaction networks. Different biological databases are included, to give various information for each probe on the chip. GEPAT offers no linear work flow, but allows the usage of any subset of probes and samples as a start for a new data analysis. GEPAT relies on established data analysis packages, offers a modular approach for an easy extension, and can be run on a computer grid to allow a large number of users. It is freely available under the LGPL open source license for academic and commercial users at http://gepat.sourceforge.net. Conclusion GEPAT is a modular, scalable and professional-grade software integrating analysis and interpretation of microarray gene expression data. An installation available for academic users can be found at http://gepat.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de.
On the computation of edit distance functions
Creators: name: Martin, Ryan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C35, 05C80

description: The edit distance between two graphs on the same labeled vertex set is the size of the symmetric difference of the edge sets. The edit distance function of the hereditary property, $\mathcal{H}$, is a function of $p\in[0,1]$ and is the limit of the maximum normalized distance between a graph of density $p$ and $\mathcal{H}$. This paper uses the symmetrization method of Sidorenko in order to compute the edit distance function of various hereditary properties. For any graph $H$, ${\rm Forb}(H)$ denotes the property of not having an induced copy of $H$. We compute the edit distance function for ${\rm Forb}(H)$, where $H$ is any split graph, and the graph $H_9$, a graph first used to describe the difficulties in computing the edit distance function.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Lattice Codes for the Wiretap Gaussian Channel: Construction and Analysis
Creators: name: Oggier, Frédérique
name: Solé, Patrick
name: Belfiore, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the Gaussian wiretap channel, where two legitimate players Alice and Bob communicate over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, while Eve is eavesdropping, also through an AWGN channel. We propose a coding strategy based on lattice coset encoding. We analyze Eve's probability of decoding, from which we define the secrecy gain as a design criterion for wiretap lattice codes, expressed in terms of the lattice theta series, which characterizes Eve's confusion as a function of the channel parameters. The secrecy gain is studied for even unimodular lattices, and an asymptotic analysis shows that it grows exponentially in the dimension of the lattice. Examples of wiretap lattice codes are given. Interestingly, minimizing Eve's probability of error involves the same optimization of the theta series as does the flatness factor, another newly defined code design that characterizes lattice codes that achieve strong secrecy.
description: 43 pages, 16 figures, submitted to IEEE Trans. on Inform. Theory
Applying Evaluations While Building the Artifact - Experiences from the Development of Process Model Complexity Metrics
Creators: name: Braunnagel, Daniel
name: Leist, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik

description: The Design Science Research method is decisive for the quality of the resulting solution. Thus, many discussions focus the evaluation of the solution at the end of the Design Science cycle. But design, implementation and evaluation of artifacts are laborious and need to be repeated if the artifact does not meet the evaluation criteria. Thus, recent works have proposed to conduct additional evaluations early in the Design Science process to po ssibly reduce the number of repetitions of the research process. However, such early evaluations may also be an unnecessary burden. Therefore, this work presents a case where these additional evaluations are applied ex-post in a practical research project which developed process model complexity metrics and the outcomes are compared. Once compared, benefits and limitations of early evaluations are discussed.
Recent applications of birch reduction in total synthesis of natural products
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: V.Fard, Mahdiyeh
name: Faghihi, Zeinab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: The Birch reduction is unique, in synthetic approaches, due to the adaptable substitution patterns of the substituted cyclohexa-1,4- and 1,3-dienes, particularly enol ethers. Birch reduction as a key and sometimes as the only reduction tool has found several applications in total synthesis of several natural occurring compounds. This name reduction is very important and quite useful for reduction of aromatic and none-aromatic moieties. It is particularly useful in aromatic compounds due to its selectivity of reduction of certain double bonds, which are present in one of the starting materials in multi-step total synthesis. It is also applicable when further reduction of nonaromatic moieties as a part of natural product structures, is required. In this report, we try to highlight the applications of this reaction as a key step in the total synthesis of natural products. It covers the applications of Birch reduction in total synthesis of naturally occurring compounds from 2003 till date.
Tracking ethnicity-language co-occurrences among 10-month-old bilingual infants
Creators: name: Hu, Shun-Fu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: It is known that bilingual infants can separate languages based on linguistic cues and silent faces. It is also argued by Kandhadai, Danielson and Werker (2014) that bilinguals track the co-occurrences between language and other contextual cues. Given these findings, the current study asks if ethnicity of faces, as the contextual cue, selectively activates the discrimination of sound in the language most frequently experienced with that ethnicity. Specifically, we ask if 10-month-old Chinese-English learning bilinguals activate Chinese sound discrimination to a greater extent when primed with East Asian faces than when primed with Caucasian faces, and conversely, if Caucasian priming activates English sound discrimination to a greater extent than East Asian faces in bilinguals. To test this hypothesis, we recruited 48 bilinguals and 67 English learning monolingual 10-month-olds. Both groups were first shown static images of either Caucasian or East Asian faces to prime them with the ethnicity associated with one of their languages. Next, in the habituation phase, they were repeatedly presented with either one Chinese (non-English) or English (non-Chinese) syllable accompanied with a visual stimulus. After the infants’ looking time dropped significantly, the 2-trial test phase began: the “same” trial comprised the same syllables as in the previous phase, while the “switch” trial comprised a minimally-contrastive syllable in the same language. Infants’ discriminatory ability was inferred from the increased looking time to the “switch” trial from the “same” trial. The results for Chinese provided support for our hypothesis: bilinguals discriminated the Chinese contrast better when primed with East Asian faces than in the Caucasian priming condition. The results for English are more difficult to interpret: Caucasian faces did not facilitate English discrimination by the bilinguals, but even English monolingual learning infants failed to discriminate the English contrast. Analyses in the priming and habituation phase collectively suggest that the absence of an effect for English could be due to the paucity of exposure to Caucasian faces, or to the difficulty of the English contrast, but not to the inability to track language-ethnicity co-occurrences. The meaning of these results is discussed.
Phonitons as a sound-based analogue of cavity quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Soykal, O. O.
name: Ruskov, Rusko
name: Tahan, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum mechanical superposition of a long-lived, localized phonon and a matter excitation is described. We identify a realization in strained silicon: a low-lying donor transition (P or Li) driven solely by acoustic phonons at wavelengths where high-Q phonon cavities can be built. This phonon-matter resonance is shown to enter the strongly coupled regime where the "vacuum" Rabi frequency exceeds the spontaneous phonon emission into non-cavity modes, phonon leakage from the cavity, and phonon anharmonicity and scattering. We introduce a micropillar distributed Bragg reflector Si/Ge cavity, where Q=10^5-10^6 and mode volumes V<=25*lambda^3 are reachable. These results indicate that single or many-body devices based on these systems are experimentally realizable.
description: Published PRL version. Note that the previous arXiv version has more commentary, figures, etc. Also see http://research.tahan.com/
SU(2/1) gauge-Higgs unification
Creators: name: Loginov, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a question whether the observed Weinberg angle and Higgs mass are calculable in the formalism based on a construction in which the electroweak gauge group $SU(2)\times U(1)_{Y}$ is embedded in the graded Lie group $SU(2/1)$. Here we follow original works of Ne'eman and Fairlie believing that bosonic fields take their values in the Lie superalgebra and fermionic fields take their values in its representation space. At the same time, our approach differs significantly. The main one is that while for them the gauge symmetry group is $SU(2/1)$, here we consider only symmetries generated by its even subgroup, i.e., symmetries of the standard electroweak model. The reason is that such formalism fixes the quartic Higgs coupling and at the same time removes the sign and statistics problems. The main result is that the presented model predicts values of the Weinberg angle and the Higgs mass correctly up to the two-loop level. Moreover, the model sets the unification scale coinciding with the electroweak scale and automatically describes the fermions correctly with the correct quark and lepton charges.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
A low‐temperature atomic force/scanning tunneling microscope for ultrahigh vacuum
Creators: name: Giessibl, Franz J.
name: Gerber, Christoph
name: Binnig, Gerd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We have built an ultrahigh vacuum atomic force/scanning tunneling microscope that works at 4.2 K. The microscope is incorporated into a very small chamber (100 ml) which can be evacuated and baked to UHV within a few hours by a specially designed valve. The instrument is about 20×20×70 mm3 in size and sturdy enough to operate without vibration isolation. The deflection of a microfabricated cantilever is detected by electron tunneling. Preliminary results show atomic resolution of HOPG in the STM mode and steps in KBr that range from one to four lattice constants in height at UHV conditions and 4.2 K.
Identification of a Novel Compound Heterozygous Variant in the ALPL Gene Linked to Hypophosphatasia in a Chinese Family
Creators: name: Lu, Rongmei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 320208
subject: Endocrinology

description: In our research, two missense variants, c.269A > G and c.787T > C, and one intronic variant, c.182-9C > T, were identified in the ALPL gene of the proband. ESA assays revealed that c.269A > G and c.182-9C > T exhibited reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, whereas no significant change was observed for c.787T > C. Co-transfection experiments with wild-type and mutant (c.269A > G or c.182-9C > T) TNSALP revealed that both c.269A > G and c.182-9C > T have DNE. In conclusion, the compound heterozygous variant comprised of c.269A > G and c.182-9 > C in the ALPL gene may contribute to decreased ALP activity and the consequent disease phenotype of the proband.
Some Properties of Rényi Entropy over Countably Infinite Alphabets
Creators: name: Kovačević, Mladen
name: Stanojević, Ivan
name: Šenk, Vojin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.1
subject: 94A17

description: In this paper we study certain properties of Rényi entropy functionals $H_α(\mathcal{P})$ on the space of probability distributions over $\mathbb{Z}_+$. Primarily, continuity and convergence issues are addressed. Some properties shown parallel those known in the finite alphabet case, while others illustrate a quite different behaviour of Rényi entropy in the infinite case. In particular, it is shown that, for any distribution $\mathcal P$ and any $r\in[0,\infty]$, there exists a sequence of distributions $\mathcal{P}_n$ converging to $\mathcal{P}$ with respect to the total variation distance, such that $\lim_{n\to\infty}\lim_{α\to{1+}} H_α(\mathcal{P}_n) = \lim_{α\to{1+}}\lim_{n\to\infty} H_α(\mathcal{P}_n) + r$.
description: 13 pages (single-column)
Theory for an electrostatic imaging mechanism allowing atomic resolution of ionic crystals by atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Giessibl, Franz J.
name: Binnig, Gerd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: An electrostatic imaging mechanism is presented which allows atomic resolution of the surface of ionic crystals by atomic force microscopy (AFM). In the x-y plane the electrostatic field due to the ion charges reflects the periodicity of the surface lattice. If the tip of the AFM stylus is polarizable, an attractive force between tip and sample will exist and allow imaging of the surface in a noncontact mode. It is shown that the decay length of the electrostatic interaction in the z direction is sufficiently short for atomic resolution to be achieved not only with a hypothetical tip consisting of only one atom but also by a more realistic tip of parabolic shape with a radius of 30 nm. The theory is applied to the (001) surface of KBr.
On the Nature of $a^{*}_{k}a_{k}$ and the Emergence of the Born's Rule
Creators: name: Assis, Armando V. D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is intended to show that a review in the concept of the game theoretical utility, the revised utility to be applied to the definition of the utility of a wave function representing an object subsystem relative to its observer subsystem, both within an isolated system, leads to the emergence of the Max Born's rule as a profit under a von Neumann's good measure game.
description: Author required. Copyright reasons
Investigation of the (001) cleavage plane of potassium bromide with an atomic force microscope at 4.2 K in ultra-high vacuum
Creators: name: Giessibl, Franz J.
name: Binnig, Gerd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We have imaged the (001) surface of KBr with a UHV atomic force microscope at 4.2 K and 300 K. The sample was prepared by cleaving it in UHV along the (001) plane. We achieved atomic resolution at 4.2 K and resolved both the potassium and the bromium ions. We show atomically resolved images of flat terraces as large as 25 nm by 25 nm. Force-versus-distance measurements were taken, and the influence of the loading force acting between sample and cantilever on the appearance of friction effects and sample damage was studied.
Gate-controlled conductance enhancement from quantum Hall channels along graphene p-n junctions
Creators: name: Tóvári, Endre
name: Makk, Péter
name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Rickhaus, Peter
name: Kovács-Krausz, Zoltán
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Schönenberger, Christian
name: Csonka, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The formation of quantum Hall channels inside the bulk of graphene is studied using various contact and gate geometries. p-n junctions are created along the longitudinal direction of samples, and enhanced conductance is observed in the case of bipolar doping due to new conducting channels forming in the bulk, whose position, propagating direction and, in one geometry, coupling to electrodes are determined by the gate-controlled filling factor across the device. This effect could be exploited to probe the behavior and interaction of quantum Hall channels protected against uncontrolled scattering at the edges.
Maximizing Expected Utility for Stochastic Combinatorial Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Deshpande, Amol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the stochastic versions of a broad class of combinatorial problems where the weights of the elements in the input dataset are uncertain. The class of problems that we study includes shortest paths, minimum weight spanning trees, and minimum weight matchings, and other combinatorial problems like knapsack. We observe that the expected value is inadequate in capturing different types of {\em risk-averse} or {\em risk-prone} behaviors, and instead we consider a more general objective which is to maximize the {\em expected utility} of the solution for some given utility function, rather than the expected weight (expected weight becomes a special case). Under the assumption that there is a pseudopolynomial time algorithm for the {\em exact} version of the problem (This is true for the problems mentioned above), we can obtain the following approximation results for several important classes of utility functions: (1) If the utility function $\uti$ is continuous, upper-bounded by a constant and $\lim_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\uti(x)=0$, we show that we can obtain a polynomial time approximation algorithm with an {\em additive error} $ε$ for any constant $ε>0$. (2) If the utility function $\uti$ is a concave increasing function, we can obtain a polynomial time approximation scheme (PTAS). (3) If the utility function $\uti$ is increasing and has a bounded derivative, we can obtain a polynomial time approximation scheme. Our results recover or generalize several prior results on stochastic shortest path, stochastic spanning tree, and stochastic knapsack. Our algorithm for utility maximization makes use of the separability of exponential utility and a technique to decompose a general utility function into exponential utility functions, which may be useful in other stochastic optimization problems.
description: 31 pages, Preliminary version appears in the Proceeding of the 52nd Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 2011), This version contains several new results ( results (2) and (3) in the abstract)
Isocausal spacetimes may have different causal boundaries
Creators: name: Flores, J. L.
name: Herrera, J.
name: Sanchez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C75, 53C50, 83C20

description: We construct an example which shows that two isocausal spacetimes, in the sense introduced by García-Parrado and Senovilla, may have c-boundaries which are not equal (more precisely, not equivalent, as no bijection between the completions can preserve all the binary relations induced by causality). This example also suggests that isocausality can be useful for the understanding and computation of the c-boundary.
description: Minor modifications, including the title, which matches now with the published version. 12 pages, 3 figures