cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The changing or persistent nature of work: the challenges of post-bureaucratic organizing, workplace technologies, and navigating boundary crossing knowledge work in a dynamic high-tech organization
Creators: name: Sung, Seo Yoon
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: This study investigates how teams in a fast-changing, dynamic high-tech organization in a volatile setting engage in knowledge sharing practices and navigate existing boundaries of work, technologies, and teams. It shows that members’ collaborative practices are shaped by, and at the same time, reinforce the distinct ways of working and organizing in a post-bureaucratic organization. I support this thesis through my fieldwork at a large technology organization, employing field observations, interviews, and archives. Specifically, this study shows that an organizational infrastructure characterized by innovation, flexibility, and technological and structural dynamism creates two distinct cultural mechanisms: 1) change-prone tech culture, and 2) localized communication and decision-making processes. While these conditions facilitate quicker decision making and changes needed to continuously innovate, they also carry constraints where team members experience two distinct challenges regarded as silos – practice misalignment and poor information streaming.To address these challenges, this study finds that members engage in what I call synchronizing practices. Some of their efforts involve leveraging existing post- bureaucratic elements through the tools and culture of grassroot changes and decisions, while others include experimenting with conventional bureaucratic practices – introducing hierarchical, top-down channeling of information and establishing development standards in a post-bureaucratic culture of work. Here, I highlight the tension between the current organizational configurations, which are largely associated with a flexible and informal culture of tech, and the workers’ desired practices and processes of work which the same tech culture intends to discard. Drawing on these tensions, I argue that by the very principles of flexibility and locality, traditional organizing principles may be recognized for their values, desired or even adopted, as they are configured to fit the current milieu of the organization. It unveils nuanced understanding of the traditional and new forms of organizing typically understood with a deterministic lens. The knowledge gained sheds light into the discussion on the “changing nature of work” and the “future of work”.
Crystallographic Interacting Topological Phases and Equivariant Cohomology: To assume or not to assume
Creators: name: Sheinbaum, Daniel
name: Camarena, Omar Antolín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For symmorphic crystalline interacting gapped systems we derive a classification under adiabatic evolution. This classification is complete for non-degenerate ground states. For the degenerate case we discuss some invariants given by equivariant characteristic classes. We do not assume an emergent relativistic field theory nor that phases form a topological spectrum. We also do not restrict to systems with short-range entanglement, stability against stacking with trivial systems nor assume the existence of quasi-particles as is done in SPT and SET classifications respectively. Using a slightly generalized Bloch decomposition and Grassmanians made out of ground state spaces, we show that the $P$-equivariant cohomology of a $d$-dimensional torus gives rise to different interacting phases, where $P$ denotes the point group of the crystalline structure. We compare our results to bosonic symmorphic crystallographic SPT phases and to non-interacting fermionic crystallographic phases in class A. Finally we discuss the relation of our assumptions to those made for crystallographic SPT and SET phases.
description: Stronger results. Included examples in section 6. Accepted for publication in JHEP
Key takeaways from the WEF 2024 Top 10 Emerging Technologies panel
Creators: name: Policy Labs, Frontiers
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2024
Subjects: Science Policy
Research, Science and Technology Policy

description:  
In June, the World Economic Forum (WEF) and Frontiers unveiled the awaited Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2024 report. Now in its 12th year, the report continues to spotlight groundbreaking technologies that are poised to influence society and address critical global challenges. This year's report is the culmination of extensive research and collaboration among leading experts and innovators, broadening the scope and deepening the analysis of the findings. It showcases technologies that are not only innovative but also have the potential to drive sustainable development and economic growth within the next three to five years. From revolutionizing connectivity to pioneering new applications of artificial intelligence (AI), the 2024 report offers a comprehensive overview of the technologies set to shape our future. 

For the Full Context Please Click Here
Additional file 1 of Substance P enhances the local activation of NK1R-expressing c-kit+ cardiac progenitor cells in right atrium of ischemia/reperfusion-injured heart
Creators: name: Jeong, Yun-Mi
name: Cheng, Xian Wu
name: Lee, Kyung Hye
name: Lee, Sora
name: Haneul Cho
name: Kim, Weon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The effects of SP on I/R-injured heart. Fig. S2. RA1 day I/R EDCs and RA1 day SP + I/R EDCs did not show cTnl expression. Fig. S3. Characterization of NK1R-expressing c-Kit+ CPCs. Fig. S4. NK1R inhibitor blocks SP-stimulated the cell proliferation, migration, and cardiosphere formation of RA c-Kit+ CPCs. Fig. S5. NK1R inhibitor blocks SP-stimulated the cardiomyocyte differentiation of RA c-Kit+ CPCs.
Optical and near-infrared properties of submillimetre galaxies
Creators: name: Pope, Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We present a new sub-mm 'Super-map' in the HDF-North region, containing 40 statistically robust sources at 850 μm. This map contains new data, and several new sources (including one of the brightest extragalactic sub-mm sources ever detected). We have used ACS HST images and ground-based near-IR observations to study these sources. With the depth achieved by this survey, optical counterparts have been found for all the radio-detected sub-mm sources. We have used the colours, morphologies and photometric redshifts of these secure identifications to help identify counterparts to the radioundetected sub-mm sources, finding that certain combinations of optical properties can be used to successfully identify the counterpart. 74% of our sources have a unique optical counterpart using our new techniques for counterpart identification, and an additional 18% have more than one possibility that meet our criteria in the ACS images. Thus only ~ 8% of our sources lack a plausible optical/near-IR counterpart, meaning that we have the first sample of SCUBA sources which is nearly completely identified in the optical. We have found a much higher ERO rate than other sub-mm surveys, due to the increased depth in the optical images. The median photometric redshift (and quartile range), from optical and near-infrared data, is 1.7 (1.3-2.3) for the radio-detected sub-mm sources, and rises to 2.3 (1.3-2.9) for the radio-undetected sub-sample. We find interesting correlations between the 850 μm flux and both the i775 magnitude, and the photometric redshift. While the quantitative morphologies span a range of values, in general the sub-mm galaxies show larger sizes and a higher degree of asymmetry than other galaxy populations at the same redshifts. We also discuss several improvements in our data analysis procedure, including methods of testing for source reliability.
Are Agri-Food Trade Issues Changing?
Creators: name: Viju, Crina
name: Viju, Crina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO
subject: Doha Development Round
subject: three pillars
subject: new trade issues

description: Agriculture has been one of the least successful aspects of the WTO negotiations, and it was no surprise that the Doha Development Round collapsed in July 2008 over issues pertaining to agricultural trade. The current agenda for negotiations is focused on the three pillars (market access, export subsidies and domestic support) that were established during the Uruguay Round. However, new trade issues have come to the fore and need to be addressed in future WTO negotiations. This special edition of the Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy focuses on different aspects of these new trade issues and represents one step in understanding the dynamics of the global market.
Role of autophagy in LKB1-deficient Kras-driven non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Bhatt, Vrushank Dharmesh
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Tumor suppressor liver kinase B1 (LKB1) activates 5’-adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) and maintains energy homeostasis in response to energy crises. LKB1 and KRAS are the third most frequent co-mutations detected in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), causing aggressive tumor growth. Treatment with RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitors have minimal therapeutic efficacy in LKB1-mutant Kras-driven NSCLC but can form the basis for lung cancer combination therapies. Autophagy is a lysosomal-mediated self-cannibalization process that seizes, digests and metabolizes subcellular and macromolecules cellular organelles. We have previously reported that autophagy compensates for Lkb1 loss for Kras-driven lung tumorigenesis; loss of an autophagy essential gene Atg7 dramatically impaired tumor initiation and tumor growth in KrasG12D/+;Lkb1-/- (KL) lung tumors. This is in sharp contrast to Lkb1 wild-type (WT) (KrasG12D/+;p53-/- (KP)) tumors that are less sensitive to autophagy gene ablation. We further found that autophagy deficiency causes defective intracellular recycling, which limits amino acids (AAs) to support mitochondrial energy production in starved cancer cells and causes autophagy-deficient cells to be more dependent on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) for energy production, leading to reduced lipid reserve and energy crisis. Our findings strongly suggest that autophagy inhibition could be a strategy for treating LKB1-deficient lung tumors. However, targeting autophagy alone might be insufficient for the development of a potent cancer agent. We designed the concept of using a combination therapy of autophagy together with MEK inhibition as a strategy to developing potent lung cancer agents. The combination therapy displays synergistic anti-proliferative effects in KL TDCLs, but not in KP TDCLs. Similarly, we found that LKB1-mutant human lung cancer cell lines were much more sensitive to the combination treatment than LKB1 WT cells. Treatment with ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 rescued the cell death induced by the combination treatment. Furthermore, in vivo studies using allograft mouse models and GEMMs showed anti-tumor synergistic effects of the combination treatment in KL tumor growth, with no such effect in KP tumor growth. Taken together, our observations suggest that autophagy upregulation in Lkb1-deficient tumors cause resistance to Trametinib treatment by maintaining energy homeostasis and inhibiting ferroptosis to support KL cell survival. Therefore, a combination of autophagy and MEK inhibition could be a novel therapeutic strategy to specifically treat LKB1-deficient NSCLC.
First order phase transition in the quark matter
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Masaharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate chiral phase transition of the first order in the quark matter. Using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model, an equation of state of the quark matter which is similar to the van der Waals' one is obtained. Moreover the specific heat and the compressibility are calculated. It is shown that they are enhanced in the symmetry broken phase, in particular diverge near the tricritical point.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Public and Private Standards for Food Safety and Quality: International Trade Implications
Creators: name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food safety
subject: GLOBALGAP
subject: HACCP
subject: mandatory standards
subject: private standards

description: This article examines the implications for the international trade environment of public and private standards for food safety and food quality. Public (mandatory) standards are a response to a perceived market failure and include mandatory risk assessment procedures, restrictions on harmful products, and labelling requirements. Disparate public standards create challenges for international trading partners and are dealt with through the WTO SPS and TBT Agreements. Private standards for food safety and quality are becoming a prominent feature of international food markets and include proprietary, consensus and third-party standards. The WTO has no jurisdiction over private standards. Key questions include whether private standards divert or reduce trade or whether they can be trade enhancing, and under what conditions. The implications for the WTO are discussed, and future trade policy research needs pertaining to the co-existence of public and private standards for food safety and quality are identified.
Additional file 1 of Validation of the Arabic version of the breastfeeding behavior questionnaire among Lebanese women
Creators: name: Charafeddine, Lama
name: Saadieh Masri
name: Shamsedine, Lama
name: Ghandour, Lilian
name: Tamim, Hani
name: Khoury, Nathalie El
name: Zahraa Hachem
name: Nabulsi, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. English BBQ.
Labour Standards as a Justification for Trade Barriers: Consumer Concerns, Protectionism and the Evidence
Creators: name: Bakhshi, Samira
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Bakhshi, Samira
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: consumers
subject: food processing
subject: labour standards
subject: preferential trade agreements
subject: trade distortion

description: In this article, justifications by producers (economic protectionism), consumers and social advocates (humanitarian motives) for including labour standards in international trade agreements are discussed. To date, little work has been undertaken to determine empirically whether low labour standards lead to trade distortions. This article provides some empirical evidence pertaining to this question. Consumer groups, social advocates and traditional vested interests such as labour unions have attempted to have labour standards included in WTO disciplines. In the absence of success at the WTO, the relationship between labour standards and international trade has, however, been evolving in the areas of private standards and preferential trade agreements. Given the leading role that preferential trade agreements sometimes take in establishing future directions in multilateral trade agreements and the increasing dissatisfaction with the WTO’s treatment of consumer issues in general, in the future labour standards may well work their way into multilateral trade agreements. The empirical results show that low labour standards could potentially lead to trade distortions, but more empirical work is required before a legitimate case might be made to have labour standards considered in multilateral trade negotiations.
Efficient Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling in Stan
Creators: name: Merkle, Edgar C.
name: Fitzsimmons, Ellen
name: Uanhoro, James
name: Goodrich, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Structural equation models comprise a large class of popular statistical models, including factor analysis models, certain mixed models, and extensions thereof. Model estimation is complicated by the fact that we typically have multiple interdependent response variables and multiple latent variables (which may also be called random effects or hidden variables), often leading to slow and inefficient MCMC samples. In this paper, we describe and illustrate a general, efficient approach to Bayesian SEM estimation in Stan, contrasting it with previous implementations in R package blavaan (Merkle & Rosseel, 2018). After describing the approaches in detail, we conduct a practical comparison under multiple scenarios. The comparisons show that the new approach is clearly better. We also discuss ways that the approach may be extended to other models that are of interest to psychometricians.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
High-fidelity multistate STIRAP assisted by shortcut fields
Creators: name: Vitanov, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multistate stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a process which allows for adiabatic population transfer between the two ends of a chainwise-connected quantum system. The process requires large temporal areas of the driving pulsed fields (pump and Stokes) in order to suppress the nonadiabatic couplings and thereby to make adiabatic evolution possible. To this end, in the present paper a variation of multistate STIRAP, which accelerates and improves the population transfer, is presented. In addition to the usual pump and Stokes fields it uses shortcut fields applied between the states, which form the dark state of the system. The shortcuts cancel the couplings between the dark state and the other adiabatic states thereby resulting (in the ideal case) in a unit transition probability between the two end states of the chain. Specific examples of five-state systems formed of the magnetic sublevels of the transitions between two degenerate levels with angular momenta $J_g=2$ and $J_e=1$ or $J_e=2$ are considered in detail, for which the shortcut fields are derived analytically. The proposed method is simpler than the usual "shortcuts to adiabaticity" recipe, which prescribes shortcut fields between all states of the system, while the present proposal uses shortcut fields between the sublevels forming the dark state only. The results are of potential interest in applications where high-fidelity quantum control is essential, e.g. quantum information, atom optics, formation of ultracold molecules, cavity QED, etc.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Labour Standards as a Justification for Trade Barriers: Consumer Concerns, Protectionism and the Evidence: Technical Annex
Creators: name: Bakhshi, Samira
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Bakhshi, Samira
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: consumers
subject: food processing
subject: labour standards
subject: preferential trade agreements
subject: trade distortion

description: In this article, justifications by producers (economic protectionism), consumers and social advocates (humanitarian motives) for including labour standards in international trade agreements are discussed. To date, little work has been undertaken to determine empirically whether low labour standards lead to trade distortions. This article provides some empirical evidence pertaining to this question. Consumer groups, social advocates and traditional vested interests such as labour unions have attempted to have labour standards included in WTO disciplines. In the absence of success at the WTO, the relationship between labour standards and international trade has, however, been evolving in the areas of private standards and preferential trade agreements. Given the leading role that preferential trade agreements sometimes take in establishing future directions in multilateral trade agreements and the increasing dissatisfaction with the WTO’s treatment of consumer issues in general, in the future labour standards may well work their way into multilateral trade agreements. The empirical results show that low labour standards could potentially lead to trade distortions, but more empirical work is required before a legitimate case might be made to have labour standards considered in multilateral trade negotiations.
On the cavity size in circumbinary discs
Creators: name: Hirsh, Kieran
name: Price, Daniel J
name: Gonzalez, Jean-François
name: Ubeira-Gabellini, M. Giulia
name: Ragusa, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How does the cavity size in circumbinary discs depend on disc and binary properties? We investigate by simulating disc cavities carved by binary companions using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). We find that a cavity is quickly opened on the dynamical time, while the cavity size is set on the viscous time. In agreement with previous findings, we find long term cavity sizes of 2-5 times the binary semi-major axis, increasing with eccentricity and decreasing with disc aspect ratio. When considering binaries inclined with respect to the disc we find three regimes: i) discs that evolve towards a coplanar orbit have a large cavity, slightly smaller than that of an initially coplanar disc; ii) discs that evolve towards a polar orbit by breaking have a small cavity, equal in size to that of an initially polar disc; iii) discs that evolve towards a polar orbit via warping have an intermediate-sized cavity. We find typical gas depletions inside the cavity of $\gtrsim 2$ orders of magnitude in surface density.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Multilateral Trade Liberalisation and FDI: An Analytical Framework for the Implications for Trading Blocs
Creators: name: Ghazalian, Pascal L.
name: Cardwell, Ryan T.
name: Ghazalian, Pascal L.
name: Cardwell, Ryan T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: foreign direct investment
subject: incentives
subject: multilateral trade liberalisation
subject: regional integration agreements

description: The proliferation of regional integration agreements (RIAs) over the past several years has led to significant changes in the global configuration of trade and investment activity. Multinational enterprises now face the prospect of multilateral trade liberalisation that could significantly affect the foreign direct investment (FDI) incentive structures that were established within the range of current RIAs. RIAs that provide preferential market access to member countries modify firms’ incentives to undertake FDI activities and can lead to various permutations of trade and investment creation and diversion. This article provides an analytical framework for understanding the implications of multilateral trade liberalisation for the incentive structures of firms to conduct FDI and discusses how multilateral liberalisation could undo many of the FDI activities that were initiated in response to previous RIAs.
Semi-Device-Independent Heterodyne-based Quantum Random Number Generator
Creators: name: Avesani, Marco
name: Tebyanian, Hamid
name: Villoresi, Paolo
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Randomness is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, which is an invaluable resource for both classical and quantum technologies. Practical quantum random number generators (QRNG) usually need to trust their devices, but their security can be jeopardized in case of imperfections or malicious external actions. In this work, we present a robust implementation of a Semi-Device-Independent QRNG that guarantees both security and fast generation rates. The system works in a prepare and measure scenario where measurement and source are untrusted, but a bound on the energy of the prepared states is assumed. Our implementation exploits heterodyne detection, which offers increased generation rate and improved long-term stability compared to alternative measurement strategies. In particular, due to the tomographic properties of heterodyne measurement, we can compensate for fast phase fluctuations via post-processing, avoiding complex active phase stabilization systems. As a result, our scheme combines high security and speed with a simple setup featuring only commercial-off-the-shelf components, making it an attractive solution in many practical scenarios.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Sovereign pleasures: comic play in antebellum America
Creators: name: Banta, Emily Margaret
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Sovereign Pleasures argues that comic performance was central to the imperfectly democratizing public formations of the early United States. In a period when democratic culture was defined less by the promise of expanding suffrage than it was by the politics of popular assembly, an evolving panoply of comic amusement fostered various kinds of public gathering in which competing formulations of the sovereignty of “the people” could find momentary and provisional articulation. While early American literary studies has increasingly turned to the long-neglected materials of theater and performance to expand critical approaches to the democratic public sphere, such scholarship seldom recognizes the laughter that so often propels public assembly and breathes life into popular culture. Beyond simply insisting that we take antebellum theater and performance cultures seriously, my dissertation asks what can be gained by attending to the pleasures of their unserious enterprises. At playhouses and pleasure-gardens, at lyceums and museums, in taprooms and dance halls, at the marketplace and in the streets, publics gathered in the pursuit of fun and enjoyment, embodying a popular culture that imagined itself (with no small measure of ambivalence) to be democratic. Sovereign Pleasures delineates these ludic pursuits and the fraught, dissonant forms of collective feeling they engendered. Individual chapters feature Washington Irving theorizing the comic sociality of early national democracy from the pit of a riotous playhouse; star comedians Thomas Wignell, Sol Smith, and Anna Cora Mowatt appealing to the sovereignty of their local audiences with winking forms of ironized address; virtuoso dancer William Henry Lane, the first widely successful African American minstrel player on the commercial stage, contending with the racist structures of blackface comedy; and Henry “Box” Brown resurrecting the politics of the antebellum carnivalesque with his abolitionist theatrics. Engaging with scholarship on early American performance culture, critical studies of the democratic public sphere, and theories of comedy and play, I chart a cultural history of pleasure that enriches our understanding of the shape and limits of early U.S. democracy.
Additional file 1 of What scans we will read: imaging instrumentation trends in clinical oncology
Creators: name: Beyer, Thomas
name: Bidaut, Luc
name: Dickson, John
name: Kachelriess, Marc
name: Kiessling, Fabian
name: Leitgeb, Rainer
name: Jingfei Ma
name: Sundar, Lalith Kumar Shiyam
name: Theek, Benjamin
name: Mawlawi, Osama
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. A list of the key performance characteristics of the different detector material that are currently used commercially, NaI is used as a reference scintillator. Table S2. Important parameters of state-of-the-art premium CT systems today, including the way how the systems realize dual energy CT. Table adopted with permission from reference [241]. Figure S1. Consensus perspective of the co-authors on the use of the key imaging modalities reviewed here for the different stages of cancer patient work-up. Here, diagnosis is the image-led process of identifying cancer. Staging is the image-supported process of assessing the extent of the disease, incl. Metastatic spread. Restaging is the image-led attempt to find out the amount or spread of cancer in the body as the disease returns or intensifies after treatment. Restaging may also be done to find out how the cancer responded to treatment. Follow-up describes the image-supported monitoring process of a person’s health over time after treatment. For example, CT imaging is used extensively across all four pillars of cancer patient management while Optical Imaging (OI) plays a significant role primarily during diagnosis and follow-up. Figure S2. Key challenges for PET imaging relate to image quality (partial volume effects, image data / noise, randoms, scatter, motion, etc). These challenges were mentioned first in the late 1980s (centre bars, [16–23]). Since then, multiple technological and methodological advances have been made that help address these challenges. TX = Transmission, recon = image reconstruction. Here, the thickness of the connectors describes the magnitude of the cross-correlation.
Additional file 1 of Extracellular vesicles in diabetes mellitus induce alterations in endothelial cell morphology and migration
Creators: name: Wu, Sharon F.
name: Hooten, Nicole Noren
name: Freeman, David W.
name: Mode, Nicolle A.
name: Zonderman, Alan B.
name: Evans, Michele K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1 Cell area of endothelial cells treated with EVs from euglycemic or diabetic individuals.
The self regulating star formation of gas rich dwarf galaxies in quiescent phase
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Masakazu A. R.
name: Kamaya, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expected episodic or intermittent star formation histories (SFHs) of gas rich dwarf irregular galaxies (dIrrs) are the longstanding puzzles to understand their whole evolutional history. Solving this puzzle, we should grasp what physical mechanism causes the quiescent phase of star formation under the very gas rich condition after the first starburst phase. We consider that this quiescent phase is kept by lack of H2, which can be important coolant to generate the next generation of stars in the low-metal environment like dIrrs. Furthermore, in dIrrs, H2 formation through gas-phase reactions may dominate the one on dust-grain surfaces because their interstellar medium (ISM) are very plentiful and the typical dust-to-gas ratio of dIrrs (D_dIrrs = 1.31 x 10^-2 D_MW, where D_MW is its value for the local ISM) is on the same order with a critical value D_cr ~ 10^-2 D_MW. We show that the lack of H2 is mainly led by H- destruction when gas-phase H2 formation dominates since H- is important intermediary of gas-phase H2 formation. H- is destroyed by the radiation from all stars born in the previous starburst phase because H- destroying infrared photon can penetrate the whole ISM of dIrrs. Considering the physical process which timescale is the longest as main process in regulating global star formation, we can show this lack of H2 leads the quiescent phase of star formation. Hence, we can say that the stellar radiation which destroys H- and leads low H2 abundance should be properly treated in studying SFHs of dIrrs.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
Tariff-Rate Quotas, Rent-Shifting and the Selling of Domestic Access
Creators: name: Larue, Bruno
name: Lapan, Harvey E.
name: Gervais, Jean-Philippe
name: Larue, Bruno
name: Lapan, Harvey E.
name: Gervais, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Political Economy

description: Tariff-rate quotas (TRQs) have replaced quotas at the end of the Uruguay Round. We analyze TRQs when a foreign firm competes against a domestic firm in the latter’s market. Our benchmark is the strategic rent-shifting tariff. We show that the domestic price-equivalent TRQ is a better instrument welfare-wise, as it can extract all of the rents from the foreign firm. We show that different pairs of within-quota tariff and quota can support full rent extraction. The implication is that reduction of the former and enlargement of the latter, holding the above-quota tariff constant, may have no liberalizing effects. The first-best TRQ and the strategic tariff generate different prices. When firms have identical and constant marginal cost, the first-best TRQ entails selling a subsidy to the foreign firm and forcing the exit of the domestic firm.
Additional file 3 of Enablers of psychosocial recovery in pediatric burns: perspectives from the children, parents and burn recovery support staff
Creators: name: Niekerk, Ashley Van
name: Jacobs, Roxanne
name: Hornsby, Nancy
name: Singh-Adriaanse, Robyn
name: Sengoelge, Mathilde
name: Laflamme, Lucie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3:. Parent and Legal Guardian Focus Group Discussion Interview Schedule
From Kyoto to Copenhagen: Meeting the Climate Change Challenge
Creators: name: Gaisford, James D.
name: Gaisford, James D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Clean Development Mechanism
subject: Copenhagen Accord
subject: greenhouse gas emissions
subject: Kyoto Protocol

description: In spite of some superficial success in achieving its overall global target, there has been much disillusionment with the progress on climate change since the Kyoto Protocol was negotiated in 1997. The key problems in addressing GHG emissions under the Kyoto Protocol have been the incomplete coverage across countries and lack of credibility. While significantly more onerous reduction commitments should be expected and required of developed countries in the name of economic fairness, GHG emissions must also be capped effectively in developing countries.
Tunneling spectroscopy studies of aluminum oxide tunnel barrier layers
Creators: name: Mather, P. G.
name: Perrella, A. C.
name: Tan, E.
name: Read, J. C.
name: Buhrman, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report scanning tunneling microscopy and ballistic electron emission microscopy studies of the electronic states of the uncovered and chemisorbed-oxygen covered surface of AlOx tunnel barrier layers. These states change when chemisorbed oxygen ions are moved into the oxide by either flood gun electron bombardment or by thermal annealing. The former, if sufficiently energetic, results in locally well defined conduction band onsets at ~1 V, while the latter results in a progressively higher local conduction band onset, exceeding 2.3 V for 500 and 600 C thermal anneals.
The Apparent Non-Variable Stars from the Kepler Mission
Creators: name: Paunzen, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The analysis of non-variable stars are mostly neglected in the literature. However such objects are not only needed for many calibration purposes, but also for testing pulsational models, for example. The photometric time-series of the Kepler satellite mission are still the most accurate available and excellently suited to search for non-variable stars. We analysed all Long Cadence light curves for stars not reported as variable so far from the Kepler satellite mission. Using the known characteristics and flaws of these data sets, we defined three different frequency ranges in which we searched for nonvariability. We used the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and the False-Alarm probability (FAP) to analyse the cleaned data sets of 138 451 light curves. We then used log FAP ≥ −2 for defining a star not being variable in the ranges of below 0.1 c/d, 0.1 to 2.0 c/d, and 2.0 to 25.0 c/d, respectively. Furthermore, we also calculated the standard deviation of the mean light curve to provide another parameter. In total, we found 14 154 stars which fulfil the set criteria. These objects are mainly cooler than 7000K populating the whole Main Sequence to the Red Giant Branch.
Peasant Households Strategies in the Andes and Potential Users of Climate Forecasts: El Nino of 1997-1998
Creators: name: Valdivia, Corinne
name: Jette, Christian
name: Quiroz, Roberto
name: Gilles, Jere L.
name: Materer, Susan M.
name: Valdivia, Corinne
name: Jette, Christian
name: Quiroz, Roberto
name: Gilles, Jere L.
name: Materer, Susan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Variability
subject: El Nino
subject: Coping Strategies
subject: Rural Livelihoods
subject: Climate Forecasts

description: Production strategies pursued by households and individuals in a peasant community of the Bolivian Altiplano are shaped by access to resources, social networks and institutions, wealth, and the ability to develop urban rural linkages. In times of climatic stress such as the low rainfall of 1995, the household economic portfolio shifts to activities less vulnerable to climate. The ability to shift is conditioned by access to resources, social capital, stage in the life cycle and wealth. Atypology developed to understand how strategies take shape during a drought is used to evaluate access to information during el Nino (1997-98) and impacts on potato production in 1998-99. The relationship between diversification and use of climate forecasts (local and modern) is evaluated. The study proposes that diversification and use of forecasts may go hand in hand, and should be considered in the profile of potential users.
Additional file 6 of Association between variation of circulating 25-OH vitamin D and methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Boughanem, Hatim
name: Cabrera-Mulero, Amanda
name: Hernández-Alonso, Pablo
name: Clemente-Postigo, Mercedes
name: Casanueva, Felipe F.
name: Tinahones, Francisco José
name: Morcillo, Sonsoles
name: Crujeiras, Ana B.
name: Macias-Gonzalez, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. General data, clinical and biochemical variables of control and CRC patients.
Solving the issues of multicomponent diffusion in an equiatomic NiCoFeCr medium entropy alloy
Creators: name: Dash, Anuj
name: Esakkiraja, Neelamegan
name: Paul, Aloke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimating the diffusion coefficients experimentally in a four-component inhomogeneous alloy following the conventional diffusion couple method by intersecting three couples at the same composition is difficult unless a small composition range of constant diffusivity is identified. Additionally, the intrinsic diffusion coefficients of the components cannot be estimated in a system with more than two components. To solve these issues, we have followed the pseudo-binary and pseudo-ternary diffusion couple methods for estimating the diffusion coefficients at the equiatomic composition of NiCoFeCr medium entropy alloy. Along with the pseudo-binary interdiffusion coefficients, we have estimated the intrinsic diffusion coefficients of all the components by designing the pseudo-binary couples such that Ni and Co develop the diffusion profiles keeping Fe and Cr constant in one couple and Fe and Cr develop the diffusion profiles keeping Ni and Co constant in another couple. Subsequently, we have proposed the relations for calculating the tracer diffusion coefficients utilizing the thermodynamic details. We have found a good match with the data estimated directly following the radiotracer method at the equiatomic composition. Following, we have produced three pseudo-ternary diffusion couples intersecting at the compositions close to the equiatomic composition. The main pseudo-ternary interdiffusion coefficients of Fe are found to be higher than Ni and Co. Therefore, we have estimated different types of diffusion coefficients highlighting the complex diffusion process in the four-component NiCoFeCr medium entropy alloy.
A Real Options Framework for Analyzing Program Participation as Human Capital Investments: The Case of the Average Crop Revenue Election (ACRE) Program
Creators: name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Rejesus, Roderick M.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Knight, Thomas O.
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Rejesus, Roderick M.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Knight, Thomas O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Policy
subject: Commodity Programs
subject: Farm Bill
subject: Multinomial Logit
subject: Real Options Theory
subject: Subsidy

description: We develop a real options framework to model producer participation in a subsidy program as a human capital investment to learn how the stochastic subsidy affects returns and how to adapt production activities to new program incentives, formally linking the framework to a multinomial logit specification for empirical applications. Analysis of farmer intentions for participation in the ACRE program created by the 2008 Farm Bill finds that reluctance to participate was driven largely by risk aversion and perceptions about income risk from yield and price variability, consistent with the theory that uncertainty creates an option value discouraging human capital investments.
Pauli spin blockade in cotunneling transport through a double quantum dot
Creators: name: Liu, H. W.
name: Fujisawa, T.
name: Hayashi, T.
name: Hirayama, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin correlation in a double quantum dot containing a few electrons in each dot (around 10). Clear current rectification with negative differential conductance is observed in the cotunneling regime, which is well explained by a Pauli spin blockade. The current feature is discussed in connection with exchange singlet-triplet splitting based on two simple models, one of which takes coherent interdot coupling and the other incoherent interdot coupling into account.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5 of Association between variation of circulating 25-OH vitamin D and methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Boughanem, Hatim
name: Cabrera-Mulero, Amanda
name: Hernández-Alonso, Pablo
name: Clemente-Postigo, Mercedes
name: Casanueva, Felipe F.
name: Tinahones, Francisco José
name: Morcillo, Sonsoles
name: Crujeiras, Ana B.
name: Macias-Gonzalez, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Data of CpG analyzed and primer sequences of selected promoter
Indigenous Knowledge Systems: Characteristics and Importance to Climatic Uncertainty
Creators: name: Materer, Susan M.
name: Valdivia, Corinne
name: Gilles, Jere L.
name: Materer, Susan M.
name: Valdivia, Corinne
name: Gilles, Jere L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper details the importance of indigenous knowledge systems in developing countries around the world. Farmers, communities and households that live in risky environments, have developed intricate systems of diversification that help secure income and food consumption. An integral part of these systems are the knowledge systems that help households plan for future events and decrease uncertainty. Recently indigenous knowledge systems have been given more attention as their importance is addressed in development projects. Unfortunately acknowledgment and understanding of how knowledge systems are used is still not a basic part of all research. This is especially important in the recent advancement of climate and weather forecasting. Scientific advancements can aid poor countries only if knowledge systems are accessed and understood. Also forecast techniques will not improve welfare if they do not first address what households, farmers and communities need, want and lack.