cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Big-Bounce as a phenomenology of RQM in the Mini-superspace
Creators: name: Franco, S. Lo
name: Montani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the emergence of a quantum Big-Bounce in the context of an isotropic Universe, filled by a self-interacting scalar field, which plays the role of a physical clock. The bouncing cosmology is the result of a scattering process, driven by the scalar field potential, which presence breaks down the frequency separation of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, treated in strict analogy to a relativistic quantum system. Differently from previous analyses, we consider a really perturbative self-interaction potential, affecting the dynamics in a finite range of the time labeled by the scalar clock (and in particular we remove the divergent character previously allowed). The main result of the present analysis is that, when the Relativistic Quantum Mechanics formalism is properly implemented in the Mini-superspace analogy, the probability amplitude for the bounce is, both in the standard and polymerized case, characterized by a maximum in correspondence of the quasi-classical condition of a Universe minimum volume.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Electronic state unfolding for plane waves: energy bands, Fermi surfaces and spectral functions
Creators: name: Dirnberger, David
name: Kresse, Georg
name: Franchini, Cesare
name: Reticcioli, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern computing facilities grant access to first-principles density-functional theory study of complex physical and chemical phenomena in materials, that require large supercell to properly model the system. However, supercells are associated to small Brillouin zones in the reciprocal space, leading to folded electronic eigenstates that make the analysis and interpretation extremely challenging. Various techniques have been proposed and developed in order to reconstruct the electronic band structures of super cells, unfolded into the reciprocal space of an ideal primitive cell. Here, we propose an efficient unfolding scheme embedded directly in the Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP), that requires modest computational resources and allows for an automatized mapping from the reciprocal space of the supercell to primitive cell Brillouin zone. This algorithm can computes band structures, Fermi surfaces and spectral functions, by using an integrated post-processing tool (bands4vasp). The method is here applied to a selected variety of complex physical situations: the effect of doping on the band dispersion in the BaFe$_{\rm 2(1-x)}$Ru$_{\rm 2x}$As$_2$ superconductor, the interaction between adsorbates and polaronic states on the TiO$_2$(110) surface, and the band splitting induced by non-collinear spin fluctuations in EuCd$_2$As$_2$.
Density of states of a two dimensional XY model from Wang-Landau algorithm
Creators: name: Xu, Jun
name: Ma, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Wang-landau algorithm combined with analytic method, the density of states of two dimensional XY model on square lattices of sizes $16\times16$, $24\times24$ and $32\times32$ is accurately calculated. Thermodynamic quantities, such as internal energy, free energy, entropy and specific heat are obtained from the resulted density of states by numerical integration. From the entropy curve symptoms of phase transition is observed. A general method of calculation of the density of states of continuous models by simulation combined with analytical method is proposed.
description: 11 pages, 7figures
Superfluid properties of an ultracold Fermi gas with an orbital Feshbach resonance in the BCS-BEC crossover region
Creators: name: Kamihori, Taro
name: Kagamihara, Daichi
name: Ohashi, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate superfluid properties of a two-band gas of $^{173}$Yb Fermi atoms with an orbital Feshbach resonance (OFR). To describe the BCS-BEC crossover region, we include superfluid fluctuations caused by inter-band and intra-band pairing interactions associated with OFR, by extending the strong-coupling theory developed by Nozières and Schmitt-Rink to the two-band case below the superfluid phase transition temperature; however, effects of an experimentally inaccessible deep bound state are removed, to model a real $^{173}$Yb Fermi gas near OFR. We show that the condensate fraction in the upper closed channel gradually becomes smaller than that in the lower open channel, as one moves from the strong- to the weak-coupling regime, because the OFR-pairing mechanism tunes the interaction strengths by adjusting the energy difference between the two bands. However, even when the closed-channel band is much higher in energy than the open-channel band in the weak-coupling regime, the magnitude of the superfluid order parameter in the closed channel is found to be still comparable to that in the open channel. As the reason for this, we point out a pair-tunneling effect by the OFR-induced inter-band interaction. Besides these superfluid quantities, we also examine collective modes, such as the Goldstone mode, Schmid (Higgs) mode, as well as Leggett mode, to clarify how they appear in the spectral weights of pair-correlation functions in each band. Since the realization of a multi-band superfluid Fermi gas is a crucial issue in cold Fermi gas physics, our results would contribute to the basic understanding of this type of Fermi superfluid in the BCS-BEC crossover region.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Parametric instability of the helical dynamo
Creators: name: Peyrot, Marine
name: Plunian, Franck
name: Normand, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamo threshold of a helical flow made of a mean (stationary) plus a fluctuating part. Two flow geometries are studied, either (i) solid body or (ii) smooth. Two well-known resonant dynamo conditions, elaborated for stationary helical flows in the limit of large magnetic Reynolds numbers, are tested against lower magnetic Reynolds numbers and for fluctuating flows (zero mean). For a flow made of a mean plus a fluctuating part the dynamo threshold depends on the frequency and the strength of the fluctuation. The resonant dynamo conditions applied on the fluctuating (resp. mean) part seems to be a good diagnostic to predict the existence of a dynamo threshold when the fluctuation level is high (resp. low).
description: 37 pages, 8 figures
The collapse transition on superhydrophobic surfaces
Creators: name: Kusumaatmaja, H.
name: Blow, M. L.
name: Dupuis, A.
name: Yeomans, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transition between the Cassie-Baxter and Wenzel states of a slowly evaporating, micron-scale drop on a superhydrophobic surface. In two dimensions analytical results show that there are two collapse mechanisms. For long posts the drop collapses when it is able to overcome the free energy barrier presented by the hydrophobic posts. For short posts, as the drop loses volume, its curvature increases allowing it to touch the surface below the posts. We emphasise the importance of the contact line retreating across the surface as the drop becomes smaller: this often preempts the collapse. In a quasi-three dimensional simulation we find similar behaviour, with the additional feature that the drop can de-pin from all but the peripheral posts, so that its base resembles an inverted bowl.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Staff nurses’ attitudes toward power
Creators: name: Groves, Mona Mary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This descriptive study was designed to explore and describe attitudes of staff nurses toward the meaning of power as measured by the Power Orientation Scale (Goldberg, Cavanaugh, & Larson, 1983). The purpose was to provide empirical descriptive data on nurses' attitudes to facilitate clarification of the issue of power versus powerlessness and to promote a clearer understanding of the concept of power in relation to professional nursing practice. Data were collected by means of a mail survey. The sample consisted of112 randomly selected registered nurses employed as staff nurses in acute care hospital settings in British Columbia. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. According to the findings, staff nurses value power as a positive force, desirable and essential to nursing practice; recognize power as essential for the possession and control of resources, reflecting insight into the value of resources; support the need to be skilled in the political process; reflect an awareness of the potential for power to elicit emotional responses in others; and support belief in power as a means of establishing control while maintaining personal independence and autonomy. There was no evidence to support an association between nurse characteristics, personal or professional, and attitudes toward power. Implications for nurses and the nursing profession are discussed and recommendations for further study are presented.
Electric field dependence of Raman-active modes in single-wall carbon nanotube thin films
Creators: name: Fanchini, Giovanni
name: Unalan, Husnu Emrah
name: Chhowalla, Manish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on electrical Raman measurements in transparent and conducting single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) thin films. Application of external electric field results in downshifts of the D and G modes and in reduction of their intensity. The intensities of the radial breathing modes increase with electric field in metallic SWNTs, while decreasing in semiconducting SWNTs. A model explaining the phenomenon in terms of both direct and indirect (Joule heating) effects of the field is proposed. Our work rules out the elimination of large amounts of metallic SWNTs in thin film transistors using high field pulses. Our results support the existence of Kohn anomalies in the Raman-active optical branches of metallic graphitic materials [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 185503].
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Graph Chain-of-Thought: Augmenting Large Language Models by Reasoning on Graphs
Creators: name: Jin, Bowen
name: Xie, Chulin
name: Zhang, Jiawei
name: Roy, Kashob Kumar
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Li, Zheng
name: Li, Ruirui
name: Tang, Xianfeng
name: Wang, Suhang
name: Meng, Yu
name: Han, Jiawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models (LLMs), while exhibiting exceptional performance, suffer from hallucinations, especially on knowledge-intensive tasks. Existing works propose to augment LLMs with individual text units retrieved from external knowledge corpora to alleviate the issue. However, in many domains, texts are interconnected (e.g., academic papers in a bibliographic graph are linked by citations and co-authorships) which form a (text-attributed) graph. The knowledge in such graphs is encoded not only in single texts/nodes but also in their associated connections. To facilitate the research of augmenting LLMs with graphs, we manually construct a Graph Reasoning Benchmark dataset called GRBench, containing 1,740 questions that can be answered with the knowledge from 10 domain graphs. Then, we propose a simple and effective framework called Graph Chain-of-thought (Graph-CoT) to augment LLMs with graphs by encouraging LLMs to reason on the graph iteratively. Each Graph-CoT iteration consists of three sub-steps: LLM reasoning, LLM-graph interaction, and graph execution. We conduct systematic experiments with three LLM backbones on GRBench, where Graph-CoT outperforms the baselines consistently. The code is available at https://github.com/PeterGriffinJin/Graph-CoT.
description: 21 pages. Code: https://github.com/PeterGriffinJin/Graph-CoT
Time-frequency mapping of two-colour photoemission driven by harmonic radiation
Creators: name: Moio, Bruno
name: Dolso, Gian Luca
name: Inzani, Giacomo
name: Di Palo, Nicola
name: Borrego-Varillas, Rocío
name: Nisoli, Mauro
name: Lucchini, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of few-femtosecond, extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses, produced by high-order harmonic generation, in combination with few-femtosecond infrared (IR) pulses in pump-probe experiments has great potential to disclose ultrafast dynamics in molecules, nanostructures and solids. A crucial prerequisite is a reliable characterization of the temporal properties of the XUV and IR pulses. Several techniques have been developed. The majority of them applies phase reconstruction algorithms to a photoelectron spectrogram obtained by ionizing an atomic target in a pump-probe fashion. If the ionizing radiation is a single harmonic, all the information is encoded in a two-color two-photon signal called sideband (SB). In this work, we present a simplified model to interpret the time-frequency mapping of the SB signal and we show that the temporal dispersion of the pulses directly maps onto the shape of its spectrogram. Finally, we derive an analytical solution, which allows us to propose a novel procedure to estimate the second-order dispersion of the XUV and IR pulses in real time and with no need for iterative algorithms.
Universal properties from local geometric structure of Killing horizon
Creators: name: Koga, Jun-ichirou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider universal properties that arise from a local geometric structure of a Killing horizon. We first introduce a non-perturbative definition of such a local geometric structure, which we call an asymptotic Killing horizon. It is shown that infinitely many asymptotic Killing horizons reside on a common null hypersurface, once there exists one asymptotic Killing horizon. The acceleration of the orbits of the vector that generates an asymptotic Killing horizon is then considered. We show that there exists the $\textit{diff}(S^1)$ or $\textit{diff}(R^1)$ sub-algebra on an asymptotic Killing horizon universally, which is picked out naturally based on the behavior of the acceleration. We also argue that the discrepancy between string theory and the Euclidean approach in the entropy of an extreme black hole may be resolved, if the microscopic states responsible for black hole thermodynamics are connected with asymptotic Killing horizons.
description: 14 pages, v2. minor corrections
L’insegnamento dell'italiano L2 ad allievi migranti con bisogni speciali
Creators: name: Basso, Elisabetta
name: Daloiso, Michele
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description: Second language teaching to foreign pupils with special needs is a research area which has received little attention so far, although in Italian schools there is an increasing number of foreign students with disabilities or learning difficulties. The attempt to build a theoretical framework suggests a traditional methodology such as Total Physical Response as potentially beneficial when a pathology is present. A case study based on the use of Total Physical Response with a foreign child suffering from Sturge Weber Syndrome provides evidence on a linguistic, cognitive and interactional level during the early stages of second language learning.
description: EL.LE
UV-C light inactivation of penicillium expansum on pear surfaces: Influence on physicochemical and sensory quality during storage
Creators: name: Syamaladevi, Roopesh M.; Lupien, Shari L.; Bhunia, Kanishka; Sablani, Shyam S.; Dugan, Frank; Rasco, Barbara; Killinger, Karen; Dhinga, Amit; Ross, Carolyn
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2014

Abstract
La dimensione fisica dell’apprendimento
Creators: name: Maugeri, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description: Phenomenology and practice of teaching a foreign language are reflected in the physical dimension of learning. This definition includes learning environments and techniques as agents of specific criteria and forms of thought directed to the language acquisition. If spaces suggest the social aptitudes of the pupils, technique expresses the philosophical approach below and fulfils, at an operational level, the methodology of language teaching. Logical and conceptual elements like environment and technique not only have a pedagogical validity as they refer to a person and to a conscious cognitive act.
description: EL.LE
Exchange constants for local spin Hamiltonians from tight-binding models
Creators: name: Streib, Simon
name: Szilva, Attila
name: Borisov, Vladislav
name: Pereiro, Manuel
name: Bergman, Anders
name: Sjöqvist, Erik
name: Delin, Anna
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
name: Eriksson, Olle
name: Thonig, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the mapping of tight-binding electronic structure theory to a local spin Hamiltonian, based on the adiabatic approximation for spin degrees of freedom in itinerant-electron systems. Local spin Hamiltonians are introduced in order to describe the energy landscape of small magnetic fluctuations, locally around a given spin configuration. They are designed for linear response near a given magnetic state and in general insufficient to capture arbitrarily strong deviations of spin configurations from the equilibrium. In order to achieve this mapping, we include a linear term in the local spin Hamiltonian that, together with the usual bilinear exchange tensor, produces an improved accuracy of effective magnetic Weiss fields for non-collinear states. We also provide examples from tight-binding electronic structure theory, where our implementation of the calculation of exchange constants is based on constraining fields that stabilize an out-of-equilibrium spin configuration. We check our formalism by means of numerical calculations for iron dimers and chains.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Gluino zero-modes for non-trivial holonomy calorons
Creators: name: Perez, Margarita Garcia
name: Gonzalez-Arroyo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We couple fermion fields in the adjoint representation (gluinos) to the SU(2) gauge field of unit charge calorons defined on R^3 x S_1. We compute corresponding zero-modes of the Dirac equation. These are relevant in semiclassical studies of N=1 Super-symmetric Yang-Mills theory. Our formulas, show that, up to a term proportional to the vector potential, the modes can be constructed by different linear combinations of two contributions adding up to the total caloron field strength.
description: 17 pages, 3 Postscript figures, latex
La dimensione valutativa dell’apprendimento linguistico del greco antico
Creators: name: Ricucci, Marco
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

In the teaching of Ancient Greek and Latin, the method of contextual induction can be used instead of the traditional grammar translation method. The method of contextual induction aims at reproducing the natural way children learn their native language. The two methods were put to the test in analogous classes of two Italian school adopting the one or the other approach. A cloze test and a multiple choice test were administered. The method of contextual induction seems to ensure a better learning outcome, since it leads the student to feel the language as a living context.

description: EL.LE
ПРОНИКНОВЕНИЕ ДИСТАНЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В СФЕРУ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И ВАЖНЫЕ ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Авалова, Гулшод
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Система образования столкнулась с проблемой срочного и масштабного перевода образовательного процесса в онлайн-формат, что выявило новые проблемы, одновременно дало «толчок» развитию дистанционного образования в сфере высшего и профессионального образования. В статье рассматриваются проблемы инновационного образования, а также проблемы дистанционного обучения, выявленные в процессе реализации образовательных программ в онлайн-формате в период пандемии и поиск направлений их решения.
Superoperator master equations for depolarizing dynamics
Creators: name: Teretenkov, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S22 (Primary) 81Q05, 81Q15 (Secondary)

description: The work is devoted to superoperator master equations. Namely, the superoperator master equations in the case of the twirling hyperprojector with respect to the whole unitary group are derived. To be consistent with such a hyperprojector the free dynamics is assumed to be depolarizing. And it is perturbed by the arbitrary Gorini--Kossakowski--Sudarshan--Lindblad generator. The explicit form of the second order master equations are presented in this case.
Si può osare?
Creators: name: Mezzadri, Marco
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

Between the end of 2011 and 2012 a research was conducted by the Laboratorio di Glottodidattica of the University of Parma on a sample of 111 secondary school students, who attended courses in Italian language for study purposes managed by qualified L2 teachers. The main purpose of the study was to verify the possibility of managing the passato remoto and the passive form by non-native students of Italian at an A2 and a B1 level of competence, starting from school-type texts (expository texts dealing with historical topics). The research stemmed from a premise in the morphosyntactic syllabus used in the University of Parma’s Italstudio certificate, the premise being that the study of the passive form and the passato remoto be done earlier than in similar reference frameworks, namely that the two forms be introduced at the A2 level in terms of comprehension and B1 in terms of production.

description: EL.LE
The Motivation of Adolescent Pupils to Learn English as a Foreign Language
Creators: name: Bier, Ada
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

An investigation was carried out on pupils who attend classes in rural secondary middle schools in the north of the province of Pordenone in order to determine their motivation in language learning. It was a mixed-method research, since quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews have been adopted in order to collect the data. The research is interpretative in nature because the data have been interpreted only through the use of descriptive statistical methods. Four aspects have emerged from the study. First, lack of interest in the English course seems to be the main problem regarding the pupils’ language learning motivation. Second, pupils are not exposed to English sufficiently in their everyday lives. Third, the position of Second Year pupils, who represent a sort of grey area, would appear to be the most critical of the Middle School pupils. Lastly, the position of the female pupils who, in general, tend to be more demanding than the male pupils.

description: EL.LE
Free-falling motion of an elastic rigid rod towards a Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Machado, Luís
name: Natário, José
name: Silva, Jorge Drumond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74K10, 83C55, 83C57

description: We study the motion of an elastic rigid rod which is radially free-falling towards a Schwarzschild black hole. This is accomplished by reducing the corresponding free-boundary PDE problem to a sequence of ODEs, which we integrate numerically. Starting with a rod at rest, we show that it is possible to choose its initial compression profile so that its midpoint falls substantially faster, or slower, than a free-falling particle with the same initial conditions. This seems to be a purely kinematic effect, since on average there is no net transfer of elastic to mechanical energy.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; v2: more details added, now 12 pages and 7 figures, matches final published version
An Integrated Approach to Providing Feedback in a Blended Course of Academic Writing
Creators: name: Newbold, David
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

An exploration of ways of providing feedback was conducted in a blended course of academic writing for postgraduate (PhD) students in history, geography and anthropology. The online resources of the Moodle Platform were used to provide initial, colour-coded feedback, which proved simple to use (for the teacher) and easy to interpret (for the students). The redrafted versions made as a result of this feedback were then subjected to peer revision and a final teacher overview in a follow-up workshop. The study concludes by suggesting that an integrated approach to feedback, using online and traditional resources, can enhance a process-oriented approach to teaching writing, while addressing the issue of time management of feedback which has been identified as a major concern of teachers of writing.

description: EL.LE
The Constraint of H0from Galaxy clusters and Hubble parameter data
Creators: name: Huang, Hai
name: Huang, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using comoving distance $d_c$ and angular diameter distance $d_A$, we recalculate parameters describing kinematical state of the universe, still combining the kinematical model of universe but not relying on dynamical equations for gravity. Comoving distance $d_c$ comes from Hubble data H(z) and is more reliable. Angular diameter distance $d_A$ comes from SZE (Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect) and X-ray data, and needs calibration. In low redshift case, we use expansion of relation between luminosity distance and redshift about redshift $z$; in high redshift case, we take variable substitution $y=1/(1+z)$, and expand the relation between luminosity distance and redshift about variable $y$ in order to reduce computational errors. Finally we get the more precise value of Hubble parameter $H_0=69.13\pm 0.24{\kern 1pt} km{\kern 1pt} \cdot {s^{ - 1}} \cdot Mp{c^{ - 1}}$, corresponding to 0.4\% uncertainty in $68.3\%$ confidence region, also deceleration factor $q_0=-0.57\pm0.04 $ and acceleration rate $j_0=1.28\pm0.33$, and their statistical values and probability graph. We compare the values of ${H_0}$, ${q_0}$, ${j_0}$ with those obtained from other observation data and model.
Effect of chemical freeze out on identified particle spectra at 200AGeV Au-Au Collisions at RHIC using SPheRIO
Creators: name: Qian, Wei-Liang
name: Andrade, Rone
name: Grassi, Frederique
name: Socolowski, Otavio
name: Kodama, Takeshi
name: Hama, Yogiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of chemical freeze-out on identified particle spectra at 200AGeV Au-Au Collisions at RHIC, by utilizing a full three-dimensional hydrodynamical calculation. The hydrodynamical code SPheRIO we employed is based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamic algorithm. In order to describe the spectra of strange hadrons, the code has been further improved by explicitly incorporating the strangeness conservation and a chemical freeze-out mechanism. In our model, strange hadrons such as Lambda, Xi, Omega and phi undergo the chemical freeze-out immediately after the hadronization, and their multiplicities are fixed thereafter. At a lower temperature the thermal freeze-out takes place for all the particles. It is shown that the present model provides a reasonably good description for the spectra of identified particles, in particular, considerable improvement is observed for those of strange hadrons.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
LLM-Based Test-Driven Interactive Code Generation: User Study and Empirical Evaluation
Creators: name: Fakhoury, Sarah
name: Naik, Aaditya
name: Sakkas, Georgios
name: Chakraborty, Saikat
name: Lahiri, Shuvendu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in automating significant aspects of coding by producing natural code from informal natural language (NL) intent. However, given NL is informal, it does not lend easily to checking that the generated code correctly satisfies the user intent. In this paper, we propose a novel interactive workflow TiCoder for guided intent clarification (i.e., partial formalization) through tests to support the generation of more accurate code suggestions. Through a mixed methods user study with 15 programmers, we present an empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of the workflow to improve code generation accuracy. We find that participants using the proposed workflow are significantly more likely to correctly evaluate AI generated code, and report significantly less task-induced cognitive load. Furthermore, we test the potential of the workflow at scale with four different state-of-the-art LLMs on two python datasets, using an idealized proxy for a user feedback. We observe an average absolute improvement of 45.97% in the pass@1 code generation accuracy for both datasets and across all LLMs within 5 user interactions, in addition to the automatic generation of accompanying unit tests.
description: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 50, no. 09, pp. 2254-2268, 2024
La Fondazione Russkiy Mir
Creators: name: Zanetti, Amerigo
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

Esatblished in 2007, Russkiy Mir Foundation is a joint project of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education and Science and is supported by both public and private funds. It aims at promoting the Russian language, as Russia’s national heritage and a significant aspect of Russian and world culture, and supporting Russian language teaching programs abroad.

description: EL.LE
Additional file 1 of Assessment of the efficiency of synergistic photocatalysis on penicillin G biodegradation by whole cell Paracoccus sp
Creators: name: Wang, Peng
name: Liu, Shouxin
name: Wang, Xiaochun
name: Cong, Qinqin
name: Lu, Jialin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Degradation capability of Penicillin G by different strain species as reported from previous literatures and this study. Fig. S1a-c: Structure of the identified metabolites of peak Nos. 2 (a), 3 (a), 4 (b), and 5 (c) by LC–MS analysis. Peak Nos. 2 and 3 in HPLC: Potassium 2-(carboxy(2-phenylacetamido)methyl)-5,5-dimethylthiazolidine-4-carboxylate and potassium 2-(4-carboxy-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-2-yl)-2-(2-phenylacetamido) acetate. Peak No. 4 in HPLC: Phenylacetic acid. Peak No. 5 in HPLC: Mixture of two isomers, 2-(amino(carboxyl)methyl)-5,5-dimethylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid. Fig. S2a-b: 1H NMR (a) and 13C NMR (b) spectra of potassium 2-(carboxy(2-phenylacetamido)methyl)-5,5-dimethylthiazolidine-4-carboxylate and potassium 2-(4-carboxy-5,5-dimethylthiazolidin-2-yl)-2-(2-phenylacetamido) acetate. 1H NMR (500 MHz, D2O) δ:7.34–7.45 (m, 10H); 5.07–5.06 (d, J = 3 Hz, 1H); 5.05–5.06 (d, J = 6 Hz, 1H); 4.79–4.78 (d, J = 3 Hz, 2H), 4.25–4.24 (d, J = 6 Hz, 1H); 3.81–3.80 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H); 3.72–3.70 (d, J = 12 Hz, 1H); 3.43–3.42 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 2H); 1.57 (s, 3H); 1.51 (s, 3H); 1.23 (s,3H); 1.05 (s, 3H).13C NMR (125 MHz, D2O) δ:176.17, 175.58, 175.24, 174.93, 174.86, 174.30, 135.01, 134.50, 129.65(2C), 129.49(2C), 129.27(2C), 129.04(2C), 127.61, 127.42, 75.84, 75.28, 67.00, 66.02, 60.01, 58.61, 58.45, 55.24, 42.51, 42.46, 27.98, 27.75, 26.75, 26.33. LC–MS (m/z): 391.3[M + 1]+ (cald. For C16H19KN2O5S, 390.1), 353.2[M` + 1]+ (cald for C16H20N2O5S, 352.1). Fig. S3a-b: 1H NMR (a) and 13C NMR (b) spectra of phenylacetic acid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, D2O) δppm: 7.42–7.32 (m, 5H); 3.73 (s, 2H).13CNMR (125 MHz, D2O) δppm: 177.01, 134.17, 129.38(2C), 128.79(2C), 127.27, 40.54. LC–MS (m/z): 137.3[M + 1]+ (cald. For C8H8O2, 136.05). Fig. S4a-b: 1H NMR (a) and 13C NMR (b) spectra of 5,5-dimethylthiazolidine. 1H NMR (500 MHz, D2O) δ: 5.06–5.05 (d, J = 4.5 Hz, 1H); 4.85–4.83 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H); 3.97–3.96 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1H); 3.64–3.62 (d, J = 10.0 Hz, 1H); 3.56 (s, 2H); 3.47 (s, 1H); 3.19 (s,1H); 1.45 (s, 3H); 1.44 (s, 3H); 1.19 (s, 3H); 1.13(s, 3H). 13C NMR (125 MHz, D2O) δ: 176.34, 174.38, 171.85, 171.20, 74.47, 74.00, 63.59, 63.29, 59.31, 58.68, 56.80, 56.39, 29.29, 26.06, 26.02, 25.94. LC–MS (m/z): 235.1 [M + 1]+ (cald for C8H14N2O4S, 234.07).
Il Quadro comune europeo di riferimento per le lingue in Mozambico: 2008-2013
Creators: name: Rizza, Anna
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

Between 2008 and 2011 Mozambique saw increasing debates on the introduction of European didactic models as defined in the Bologna Process. Five seminars dedicated to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages have highlighted some important elements: the international vocation of Mozambique and the essential role of foreign languages; the stimulus, coming from the Framework, to work in conformity with competencies; the importance of information and communications technologies for autonomous learning; the priority of oral ability and communication skills.

description: EL.LE
Axion star condensation around primordial black holes and microlensing limits
Creators: name: Yin, Ziwen
name: Visinelli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel findings concerning the parameter space of axion stars, extended object forming in dense dark matter environments through gravitational condensation. We emphasize their formation within the dense minihalos that potentially surround primordial black holes and in axion miniclusters. Our study investigates the relation between the radius and mass of an axion star in these dense surroundings, revealing distinct morphological characteristics compared to isolated scenarios. We explore the implications of these results when applied to the bound state between a primordial black hole and an axion star and the gravitational microlensing from extended objects, leading to insights on the observational constraints from such ``halo'' axion stars. We provide a constraint on the fraction of the galactic population of axion stars from their contribution to the microlensing events from the EROS-2 survey, using the numerical resolution of the Schrödinger-Poisson equation.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures. Part of COST actions CA21106 and CA21136
Incremental Stability and Performance Analysis of Discrete-Time Nonlinear Systems using the LPV Framework
Creators: name: Koelewijn, Patrick J. W.
name: Tóth, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The dissipativity framework is widely used to analyze stability and performance of nonlinear systems. By embedding nonlinear systems in an LPV representation, the convex tools of the LPV framework can be applied to nonlinear systems for convex dissipativity based analysis and controller synthesis. However, as has been shown recently in literature, naive application of these tools to nonlinear systems for analysis and controller synthesis can fail to provide the desired guarantees. Namely, only performance and stability with respect to the origin is guaranteed. In this paper, inspired by the results for continuous-time nonlinear systems, the notion of incremental dissipativity for discrete-time nonlinear systems is proposed, whereby stability and performance analysis is done between trajectories. Furthermore, it is shown how, through the use of the LPV framework, convex conditions can be obtained for incremental dissipativity analysis of discrete-time nonlinear systems. The developed concepts and tools are demonstrated by analyzing incremental dissipativity of a controlled unbalanced disk system.
description: Accepted to 4th IFAC Workshop on Linear Parameter-Varying Systems
Kondo flow invariants, twisted K-theory and Ramond-Ramond charges
Creators: name: Monnier, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take a worldsheet point of view on the relation between Ramond-Ramond charges, invariants of boundary renormalization group flows and K-theory. In compact super Wess-Zumino-Witten models, we show how to associate invariants of the generalized Kondo renormalization group flows to a given supersymmetric boundary state. The procedure involved is reminiscent of the way one can probe the Ramond-Ramond charge carried by a D-brane in conformal field theory, and the set of these invariants is isomorphic to the twisted K-theory of the Lie group. We construct various supersymmetric boundary states, and we compute the charges of the corresponding D-branes, disproving two conjectures on this subject. We find a complete agreement between our algebraic charges and the geometry of the D-branes.
description: 58 pages. V4 : Problem with the bibliography corrected
A policy on hold : regulating telephones in Canada
Creators: name: Hall, Nichola Malim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: In February, 1992, a new Telecommunications Act was tabled in the Canadian House of Commons. This bill has been awaited, with varying degrees of eagerness, by the industry, policy analysts and community groups, for more than14 years. However it has not answered what was for most people the burning question: will the telephone industry be deregulated, and competition to the dominant regional monopolies be permitted in the long distance voice market? The regulatory agency, after nearly a decade of denying applicants such competitive entry, is still struggling with this question with regard to yet another application, and a decision is not anticipated until the summer. In the meantime the United States regulator, after breaking up the monopoly telephone company AT&T more than a decade ago, has allowed competition into all viable sectors of the industry. A multitude of new products and systems has emerged, long distance rates have dropped (although with the corollary that local rates have risen), and Canadian businesses are threatening to bypass the Canadian system if the same advantages cannot be obtained here. The objective of this thesis is to explain why the Canadian government, despite its Conservative ideology, has found it so difficult to grasp the nettle and follow the United States down the deregulation road. Barriers to change have been erected by provincial governments, consumer groups, unions, and social welfare advocates, all of whom see the telephone as an instrument of social policy, and consider that deregulation would be a threat to universal accessibility and affordability. This study explains the complexities of the telephone industry, especially the way in which the long-distance and local calling systems are linked so that cross-subsidization of customers has been possible. It discusses the problems that such linkage causes for fair and accurate allocation of costs, and the effect that this has had on the debate about deregulation. It also looks at the various statist, pluralist and political culture explanations for the prolonged procrastination of the Canadian government, with emphasis on the opportunity which both policy-makers and interest groups have had to learn from the American experience. In addition to an examination of explanatory factors, the argument is made that the regulated status quo has many advantages for Canada, despite the costs it may impose on the business sector. The telephone is an integral part of the daily lives of all Canadian citizens, and changes in regulatory policy will affect every one. This thesis analyses the development of such policy in Canada and explores the opportunity costs for all sectors of our society.
2-nerves for bicategories
Creators: name: Lack, Stephen
name: Paoli, Simona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05, 18G30

description: We describe a Cat-valued nerve of bicategories, which associates to every bicategory a simplicial object in Cat, called the 2-nerve. We define a 2-category NHom whose objects are bicategories and whose 1-cells are normal homomorphisms of bicategories, in such a way that the 2-nerve construction becomes a full embedding of NHom in the 2-category of simplicial objects in Cat. This embedding has a left biadjoint, and we characterize its image. The 2-nerve of a bicategory is always a weak 2-category in the sense of Tamsamani, and we show that NHom is biequivalent to a certain 2-category whose objects are Tamsamani weak 2-categories.
description: 23 pages
Solar prominence diagnostics from non-LTE modelling of Mgii h&k line profiles
Creators: name: Peat, Aaron W.
name: Labrosse, Nicolas
name: Schmieder, Brigitte
name: Barczynski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We investigate a new method to for obtaining the plasma parameters of solar prominences observed in the Mgii h&k spectral lines by comparing line profiles from the IRIS satellite to a bank of profiles computed with a one-dimensional non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative transfer code. Methods: Using a grid of 1007 one-dimensional non-LTE radiative transfer models we carry out this new method to match computed spectra to observed line profiles while accounting for line core shifts not present in the models. The prominence observations were carried out by the IRIS satellite on 19 April 2018. Results: The prominence is very dynamic with many flows. The models are able to recover satisfactory matches in areas of the prominence where single line profiles are observed. We recover: mean temperatures of 6000 to 50,000K; mean pressures of 0.01 to 0.5 dyne cm$^{-2}$; column masses of 3.7$\times10^{-8}$ to 5$\times10^{-4}$ g cm$^{-2}$; a mean electron density of 7.3$\times10^{8}$ to 1.8$\times10^{11}$ cm$^{-3}$; and an ionisation degree ${n_\text{HII}}/{n_\text{HI}}=0.03 - 4500$. The highest values for the ionisation degree are found in areas where the line of sight crosses mostly plasma from the PCTR, correlating with high mean temperatures and correspondingly no H$α$ emission. Conclusions: This new method naturally returns information on how closely the observed and computed profiles match, allowing the user to identify areas where no satisfactory match between models and observations can be obtained. Regions where satisfactory fits were found were more likely to contain a model encompassing a PCTR. The line core shift can also be recovered from this new method, and it shows a good qualitative match with that of the line core shift found by the quantile method. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach to line core shifts in the new method.
description: 16 pages, 21 figures, 1 table
The Murder of Some Witches (Fragment)
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: “When I have Donned My Crest of Stars” (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 208 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
AI-Generated Faces in the Real World: A Large-Scale Case Study of Twitter Profile Images
Creators: name: Ricker, Jonas
name: Assenmacher, Dennis
name: Holz, Thorsten
name: Fischer, Asja
name: Quiring, Erwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in the field of generative artificial intelligence (AI) have blurred the lines between authentic and machine-generated content, making it almost impossible for humans to distinguish between such media. One notable consequence is the use of AI-generated images for fake profiles on social media. While several types of disinformation campaigns and similar incidents have been reported in the past, a systematic analysis has been lacking. In this work, we conduct the first large-scale investigation of the prevalence of AI-generated profile pictures on Twitter. We tackle the challenges of a real-world measurement study by carefully integrating various data sources and designing a multi-stage detection pipeline. Our analysis of nearly 15 million Twitter profile pictures shows that 0.052% were artificially generated, confirming their notable presence on the platform. We comprehensively examine the characteristics of these accounts and their tweet content, and uncover patterns of coordinated inauthentic behavior. The results also reveal several motives, including spamming and political amplification campaigns. Our research reaffirms the need for effective detection and mitigation strategies to cope with the potential negative effects of generative AI in the future.
description: International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses (RAID), 2024