cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adopting GM crops? A social Multi' Criteria Evaluation for the case of Cotton Farming in Turkey
Creators: name: Aydin, Cem Iskender
name: Ozkaynak, Begum
name: Ozertan, Gokhan
name: Aydin, Cem Iskender
name: Ozkaynak, Begum
name: Ozertan, Gokhan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Genetically Modified Organisms
subject: Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation
subject: Cotton
subject: Turkey
subject: Agricultural Policy

description: This paper uses social multi-criteria evaluation (SMCE) as a powerful, transparent and pluralistic methodology for analyzing a complex and conflicting problem: the decision about the approval and adoption of GM cotton farming in Turkey. At this aim, four cotton farming alternatives including business as usual (BAU), ecological farming (ECO), GMO farming (GM) and good agricultural practice (GAP) are evaluated using a set of environmental, social and economic criteria chosen based on an extensive review of cotton and GMO literatures and several in-depth interviews with key stakeholders and experts. Such an analysis showing the socioeconomic and environmental implications of different farming practices and their consequences for different constituencies provide a rich background for policymaking within a multi-layered system of governance. The paper also offers insights to public decision-makers of other potential GMO adopting countries regarding the adoption of GM crops and the allocation of public funds among alternative agricultural practices.
Managing Opportunism in Value-Added Supply Chains:
Creators: name: Baker, Andrew
name: Smyth, Stuart
name: Baker, Andrew
name: Smyth, Stuart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: opportunism
subject: supply chains
subject: organics
subject: cheating
subject: fraud
subject: value-added

description: In recent years there has been an increasing demand for specific characteristics in food products pertaining to origin, quality, health and environmental factors. This demand creates value-added opportunities, but requires differentiation and vertical integration of the supply chain. Due to the credence nature of many products, it is difficult to determine if products reflect the traits under which they are marketed. Cheating through misrepresentation and unauthorized practices presents a threat to the development of identity preserved production and marketing (IPPM). In Canada, value-added IPPM systems have not been highly formalized except for the organics sector, but new traits from biotechnology may lead to greater market segmentation. Fraud is always a potential problem when there exists an incentive for opportunism, but there is a general lack of direct research applied to identity preserved production. Through interviews with organic supply chain stakeholders in the organics sector, we will achieve a better understanding of the efficacy of formalized quality-control regulation. By understanding which characteristics of these supply chains are susceptible to opportunism, future research will determine how to incorporate more effective regulatory mechanisms within the constraints of the high enforcement costs of complete information required for new value-added production.
QSES's and the Quantum Jump
Creators: name: Salgado, D.
name: Sanchez-Gomez, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stochastic methods in Hilbert space have been used both from a fundamental and a practical point of view. The result we report here concerns only the idea of applying these methods to model the evolution of quantum systems and does not enter into the question of their fundamental or practical status. It can be easily stated as follows: Once a quantum stochastic evolution scheme is assumed, the incompatibility between the Markov property and the notion of quantum jump is rapidly established.
description: LaTeX2e, 3 pages, no figures. Included in the Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Mysteries, Puzzles and Paradoxes in Quantum Mechanics, Gargnano, Italy, September 17-23, 2000
'Better Butter' Opportunities for Local Food and Entrepreneurship
Creators: name: Jablonski, Becca B.R.
name: Jablonski, Becca B.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: local food
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: pasture-raised dairy
subject: butter
subject: supply chain

description: Kriemhild Dairy Farms, started in New York by Bruce and Nancy Rivington in 2010, has expanded rapidly in response to changing market conditions spurred by growing demand for ‘local’ and ‘pasture-raised’ products. Kriemhild’s entrepreneurial strategy for producing and marketing its pasture-raised butter takes advantage of the company’s ability to leverage alternative (local food system) and conventional resources and infrastructure. The Kriemhild example highlights the importance of: 1) the farm’s scale of operation; 2) the existence of local processing, warehousing, and distribution infrastructure; and 3) the ability to navigate between and capitalize on conventional and ‘alternative’ supply chains.
Overcoming the effect of pupil distortion in multiconjugate adaptive optics
Creators: name: van Dam, Marcos A.
name: Hernando, Yolanda Martín
name: Cagigal, Miguel Núñez
name: Montoya, Luzma M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems have the potential to deliver diffraction-limited images over much larger fields of view than traditional single conjugate adaptive optics systems. In MCAO, the high altitude deformable mirrors (DMs) cause a distortion of the pupil plane and lead to a dynamic misregistration between the DM actuators and the wavefront sensors (WFSs). The problem is much more acute for solar astronomy than for night-time observations due to the higher spatial sampling of the WFSs and DMs, and the fact that the science observations are often made through stronger turbulence and at lower elevations. The dynamic misregistration limits the quality of the correction provided by solar MCAO systems. In this paper, we present PropAO, the first AO simulation tool (to our knowledge) to model the effect of pupil distortion. It takes advantage of the Python implementation of the optical propagation library PROPER. PropAO uses Fresnel propagation to propagate the amplitude and phase of an incoming wave through the atmosphere and the MCAO system. The resulting wavefront is analyzed by the WFSs and also used to evaluate the corrected image quality. We are able to reproduce the problem of pupil distortion and test novel non-linear reconstruction strategies that take the distortion into account. PropAO is shown to be an essential tool to study the behavior of the wavefront reconstruction and control for the European Solar Telescope.
Manifestations of Poland in nineteenth-century French culture
Creators: name: Devitt Tremblay, Mary Lucie Maeve
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: History of France
History of Poland
Cultural History
Nineteenth-century French History
Cultural Appropriation
Cultural Hybridity
French culture

description: This dissertation looks at manifestations of Poland in nineteenth-century France and how perceptions of Poland and Polish people evolved throughout the century. This evolution was a result of political changes in France as well as an increasing awareness and understanding of Poland. The Great Emigration, a migration of thousands of Polish exiles to France during the nineteenth century, changed French perceptions of Poland. The more Polish migrants entered France and settled into Parisian society, the more representations became realistic. Hence, stereotypes changed and evolved as a result of political changes and increased factual awareness. Moreover, this dissertation suggests that culture and politics were inherently intertwined and illustrates how the French used Poland as a trope to promote their own political interests. Although the appropriation of Poland in France was prolific in the nineteenth century, it is a topic that has been neglected by scholars. This dissertation addresses this gap through a study of culture, particularly popular media. I have used a variety of primary source materials including costume books, caricatures, vaudevilles, melodramas, cookbooks, music sheets, and dance manuals to retrieve references to Pologne, polonais, and à la polonaise. The concept of the nation plays a vital role, as the sources under consideration demonstrate how representations of Poland within France helped propagate the idea of an existing Polish nation over a century where Poland was difficult to locate. It is argued that the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was considered ‘near-exotic’, it was removed; it was a ‘periphery’- a frontier between the non-exotic and the exotic. Its peripheral European status meant that it was considered an ‘other’ in France. There are four chapters in this dissertation: one pertains to theatre, a second to images, the third concerns food and the fourth examines song, music, and dance. These chapters investigate some of the most common cultural forms through which Poland was manifested, particularly focusing on the public sphere.
description: Cambridge Trust
Intriguing microstructures of five-dimensional neutral Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole
Creators: name: Wei, Shao-Wen
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analytically study the phase structure and construct the Ruppeiner geometry in the extended phase space for the five-dimensional neutral Gauss-Bonnet AdS black hole. Through calculating the scalar curvature of the Ruppeiner geometry and combining the phase transition, we show that the attractive interaction is dominant in the microstructure of the black hole system. More significantly, there is an intriguing property that the normalized scalar curvature has the same expression for the saturated small and large black hole curves. This implies that although the microstructure is different before and after the small-large black hole phase transition, the interaction between the microscopic constituents keeps unchanged. These results are quite valuable on further understanding the microstructure of the AdS black hole in modified gravity.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table
title: Does Inter-Municipal Cooperation Help Improve Local Economic Performance? - Evidence from Poland
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Banaszewska, Monika
name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Kaczynska, Aneta
name: Wolfschütz, Eva
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: marginal structural models
Inter-municipal cooperation
Poland
Economics
Wirtschaft
population decline
local business development

description: This paper aims at testing whether inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) in policies to promote local business development has a positive impact on local economic performance. We apply two-way fixed effects as well as marginal structural models to a panel data set covering 1,849 Polish municipalities between 2007 and 2014. We use the unemployment rate and the rate of population growth as a proxy for local economic performance. Our results show a systematic effect of IMC on local economic performance. However, the results are contradictory. While IMC causes higher rates of population growth, they also cause higher rates of unemployment.
Maximising organ donation and transplantation through the use of organs from increased risk donors
Creators: name: Trotter, Patrick Bernard
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Organ Donation
subject: Infection
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Registry

description: Organ transplantation remains the best treatment for many patients with end organ disease. However, there is a discrepancy between organ supply and demand. Many donor organs are not used for transplantation because of risk attributes in the deceased donor ranging from infectious risks to specific risks associated with the cause of death. The aims of this thesis were to identify the number of deceased donors with risk attributes and then quantify the risks associated with using organs from such donors. This information was then used to provide evidence to the transplant community on which to base their decisions on using organs from such donors. This thesis used data in the UK Transplant Registry, which prospectively collects data on the clinical characteristics and follow-up of all donors and transplant recipients in the UK, and the Potential Donor Audit, which is a prospectively populated registry including all patients who die in UK critical care units of donation age. The main findings of this thesis were that there are a large number of deceased donors with risk attributes, in particular donors with increased risk behaviour for blood borne viral disease or with hepatitis C virus infection, whose organs are currently not used for transplantation, but that could safely be used. The thesis also describes that the transmission of meningitis/encephalitis from deceased donors to transplant recipients is a rare but serious complication of transplantation, but that transplantation of usually excellent organs from such donors should not be contraindicated. Different transplant centres display marked variations in practice in using organs from donors with different risk attributes, but centres that display greater risk appetite in using organs from higher risk donors do not have worse transplant outcomes compared to centres with lower risk appetites. Transplantation of organs from higher risk donors can result in excellent transplant outcomes. Wide variations in practice are seen across the UK, and to address this the UK aide memoire has been developed.
description: NHS Blood and Transplant
Revitalizing Rural Indiana: Lone Pine Farms Moody Meats Inc.
Creators: name: Ellett, Jodee
name: Einterz, Frances
name: Wilcox, Michael D.
name: Ellett, Jodee
name: Einterz, Frances
name: Wilcox, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: local food
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: social capital
subject: meat marketing
subject: Indiana rural development

description: Lone Pine Farms Moody Meats Inc. (Moody Meats) is a vertically-integrated farm-to-retail business operating in the central Indiana local food system. Adam Moody, a farmer turned serial entrepreneur, is highly responsive to place-based market dynamics. He employs common sense and tested business strategies with social capital to expand operations—a formula which has made him a recognized leader, with a successful model for improving Indiana agriculture and rural revitalization.
Supplementary document for High-performance All-inorganic CsPbBr₃ Quantum Dots with a Low-Threshold Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Lasing - 6182416.pdf
Creators: name: Ning, Shuya
name: Duan, Fan
name: zhang, naming
name: Dai, Kang
name: He, Jiajia
name: Liu, Zhihui
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Zhang, Fanghui
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Clean supporting information:Figure S1,PLQY.Figure S2, Emission spectra
Observations of Mira stars with the IOTA/FLUOR interferometer and comparison with Mira star models
Creators: name: Hofmann, K. -H.
name: Beckmann, U.
name: Bloecker, T.
name: Foresto, V. Coude du
name: Lacasse, M.
name: Mennesson, B.
name: Millan-Gabet, R.
name: Morel, S.
name: Perrin, G.
name: Pras, B.
name: Ruilier, C.
name: Schertl, D.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Scholz, M.
name: Shenavrin, V.
name: Traub, W.
name: Weigelt, G.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Yudin, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present K'-band observations of five Mira stars with the IOTA interferometer. The interferograms were obtained with the FLUOR fiber optics beam combiner, which provides high-accuracy visibility measurements in spite of time-variable atmospheric conditions. For the M-type Miras X Oph, R Aql, RU Her, R Ser, and the C-type Mira V CrB we derived the uniform-disk diameters 11.7mas, 10.9mas, 8.4mas, 8.1mas, and 7.9mas (+/- 0.3mas), respectively. Simultaneous photometric observations yielded the bolometric fluxes. The derived angular Rosseland radii and the bolometric fluxes allowed the determination of effective temperatures. For instance, the effective temperature of R Aql was determined to be 2970 +/- 110 K. A linear Rosseland radius for R Aql of (250 +100/-60) Rsun was derived from the angular Rosseland radius of 5.5mas +/- 0.2mas and the HIPPARCOS parallax of 4.73mas +/- 1.19mas. The observations were compared with theoretical Mira star models of Bessel et al. (1996) and Hofmann et al. (1998). The effective temperatures of the M-type Miras and the linear radius of R Aql indicate fundamental mode pulsation.
description: 12 pages, 4 postscript figures
Towards Zero-shot Sign Language Recognition
Creators: name: Bilge, Yunus Can
name: Cinbis, Ramazan Gokberk
name: Ikizler-Cinbis, Nazli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper tackles the problem of zero-shot sign language recognition (ZSSLR), where the goal is to leverage models learned over the seen sign classes to recognize the instances of unseen sign classes. In this context, readily available textual sign descriptions and attributes collected from sign language dictionaries are utilized as semantic class representations for knowledge transfer. For this novel problem setup, we introduce three benchmark datasets with their accompanying textual and attribute descriptions to analyze the problem in detail. Our proposed approach builds spatiotemporal models of body and hand regions. By leveraging the descriptive text and attribute embeddings along with these visual representations within a zero-shot learning framework, we show that textual and attribute based class definitions can provide effective knowledge for the recognition of previously unseen sign classes. We additionally introduce techniques to analyze the influence of binary attributes in correct and incorrect zero-shot predictions. We anticipate that the introduced approaches and the accompanying datasets will provide a basis for further exploration of zero-shot learning in sign language recognition.
MOESM3 of Agricultural management and plant selection interactively affect rhizosphere microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling
Creators: name: Schmidt, Jennifer
name: Kent, Angela
name: Brisson, Vanessa
name: AmÃ©Lie Gaudin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. This file contains Table S2: ANOSIM pairwise comparisons of microbial community composition.
Gangs, Race, and ‘the Street’ in Prison: An Inductive Analysis
Creators: name: Maitra, Dev Rup
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Gangs
subject: Prisons
subject: Organised Crime
subject: Youth Violence
subject: Race
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: This thesis investigates the practices and compositions of gangs in Greater Manchester, England. Primarily drawing from qualitative data gathered in two adult, men’s prisons, it explores gang members’ activities, how these practices develop on ‘the street’, and how they are later affected by imprisonment. The thesis also explores the links between race, geographical area and gang affiliation, analysing how a gang member’s racial background and area of origin may relate to his gang. The results show the strong influence of gangs at the sample prisons, and how gangs affect the ways in which prisoners negotiate the carceral space: violent practices, gang allegiances and rivalries developed on ‘the street’ are regularly transplanted into prison. These high levels of gang ‘importation’ into the sample prisons result in the social and cultural significance of street gangs often penetrating prison walls. Area of origin and shared racial background are strong unifying ‘banners’ under which many prison gangs operate, and violence is an integral part of life in ‘the gang’. However, reflecting the academic literature, gang members often contest the terminology around ‘gangs’, showing the polarized discourse around these topics. The thesis attempts to resolve some of these debates by presenting a comprehensive gang typology shaped by theory and prisoners’ testimonies.
description: Fully-funded ESRC PhD Scholar (2013-2016)
title: Macroeconomic Surprises and the Demand for Information about Monetary Policy
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: central bank communication
Economics
Wirtschaft
macroeconomic announcements
nonfarm payroll
attention, event study

description: This paper studies the demand for information about monetary policy,
while the literature on central bank transparency and communication typically
studies the supply of information by the central bank or the reception
of the information provided. We use a new data set on the number of views
of the Federal Reserve's website to measure the demand for information. We
show that exogenous news about the state of the economy as reflected in U.S. macroeconomic news surprises raise the demand for information about
monetary policy. Surprises trigger an increase in the number of views of the
policy-relevant sections of the website, but not the other sections. Hence, market participants do not only revise their policy expectations after a surprise, but actively acquire new information. We also show that attention to the Fed matters: a high number of views on the day before the news release weakens the high-frequency response of interest rates to macroeconomic surprises.
Influence of the Yarkovsky force on Jupiter Trojan asteroids
Creators: name: Hellmich, Stephan
name: Mottola, Stefano
name: Hahn, Gerhard
name: Kührt, Ekkehard
name: de Niem, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We investigate the influence of the Yarkovsky force on the long-term orbital evolution of Jupiter Trojan asteroids. Methods. Clones of the observed population with different sizes and different thermal properties were numerically integrated for 1 Gyr with and without the Yarkovsky effect. The escape rate of these objects from the Trojan region as well as changes in the libration amplitude, eccentricity, and inclination were used as a metric of the strength of the Yarkovsky effect on the Trojan orbits. Results. Objects with radii $R\leq$1 km are significantly influenced by the Yarkovsky force. The effect causes a depletion of these objects over timescales of a few hundred million years. As a consequence, we expect the size-frequency distribution of small Trojans to show a shallower slope than that of the currently observable population ($R$ $\gtrsim$ 1 km), with a turning point between $R$ = 100 m and $R$ = 1 km. The effect of the Yarkovsky acceleration on the orbits of Trojans depends on the sense of rotation in a complex way. The libration amplitude of prograde rotators decreases with time while the eccentricity increases. Retrograde rotators experience the opposite effect, which results in retrograde rotators being ejected faster from the 1:1 resonance region. Furthermore, for objects affected by the Yarkovsky force, we find indications that the effect tends to smooth out the differences in the orbital distribution between the two clouds.
Generation of galactic disc warps due to intergalactic accretion flows onto the disc
Creators: name: Lopez-Corredoira, M.
name: Betancort-Rijo, J.
name: Beckman, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is developed to calculate the amplitude of the galactic warps generated by a torque due to external forces. This takes into account that the warp is produced as a reorientation of the different rings which constitute the disc in order to compensate the differential precession generated by the external force, yielding a uniform asymptotic precession for all rings. Application of this method to gravitational tidal forces in the Milky Way due to the Magellanic Clouds leads to a very low amplitude of the warp. If the force were due to an extragalactic magnetic field, its intensity would have to be very high, to generate the observed warps. An alternative hypothesis is explored: the accretion of the intergalactic medium over the disk. A cup-shaped distortion is expected, due to the transmission of the linear momentum; but, this effect is small and the predominant effect turns out to be the transmission of angular momentum, i.e. a torque giving an integral-sign shape warp. The torque produced by a flow of velocity ~100 km/s and baryon density \~10^{-25} kg/m^3 is enough to generate the observed warps and this mechanism offers quite a plausible explanation. First, because this order of accretion rate is inferred from other processes observed in the Galaxy, notably its chemical evolution. The inferred rate of infall of matter, ~1 solar-mass/yr, to the Galactic disc that this theory predicts agrees with the quantitative predictions of this chemical evolution resolving key issues, notably the G-dwarf problem. Second, because the required density of the intergalactic medium is within the range of values compatible with observation. By this mechanism, we can explain the warp phenomenon in terms of intergalactic accretion flows onto the disk of the galaxy.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted to be published in A&A
Limehouse Produce: A Unique Wholesaler of Locally Sourced Produce
Creators: name: Hughes, David W.
name: Crissy, Harry
name: Boys, Kathryn
name: Hughes, David W.
name: Crissy, Harry
name: Boys, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: local food system marketing channels
subject: entrepreneurs
subject: and partners
subject: overcoming local food barriers

description: Despite their growth and desirability, several major barriers preclude the development of Local Food Systems (LFS) including the reluctance of wholesale operators to deal with LFS suppliers. We examine the contribution of Limehouse Produce to the development of the Charleston, S.C. LFS. Survey results indicated that both supplying farmers and buyers (such as restaurants) had a positive view of the firm and felt it was a major contributor to growth of the Charleston LFS. Limehouse Produce also supports local entrepreneurs through a farm incubator and Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) certification efforts and provides support for a variety of philanthropic causes.
Qubits with electrons on liquid helium
Creators: name: Dykman, M. I.
name: Platzman, P. M.
name: Seddighrad, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dissipation effects for electrons on the surface of liquid helium, which may serve as qubits of a quantum computer. Each electron is localized in a 3D potential well formed by the image potential in helium and the potential from a submicron electrode submerged into helium. We estimate parameters of the confining potential and characterize the electron energy spectrum. Decay of the excited electron state is due to two-ripplon scattering and to scattering by phonons in helium. We identify mechanisms of coupling to phonons and estimate contributions from different scattering mechanisms. Even in the absence of a magnetic field we expect the decay rate to be $\alt 10^4$ s$^{-1}$. We also calculate the dephasing rate, which is due primarily to ripplon scattering off an electron. This rate is $\alt 10^2$ s$^{-1}$ for typical operation temperatures.
description: 15 pages, including 7 figures
title: What’s on the ECB’s Mind?- Monetary Policy Before and After the Global Financial Crisis
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Zahner, Johannes
name: Gross, Jonas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: European Central Bank
Bayesian Model Averaging
Model Uncertainty
Economics
Wirtschaft
Taylor Rule

description: This paper analyzes the interest rate setting of the European Central Bank (ECB) both before and after the outbreak of the global financial crisis. In the current monetary policy literature, researchers typically select one Taylor rule-based model in order to analyze the interest rate setting of central banks, but neglect uncertainty about the choice of this respective model. We apply a Bayesian model averaging (BMA) approach to extend the standard Taylor rule to account for model uncertainty driven by heterogeneity in the ECB decision-making body, the governing council. Our results suggest the following: First, the ECB acts according to its official mandate to maintain price stability and therefore to focus its decisions on the inflation rate. Second, economic activity measures have been in the focus of the ECB before the financial crisis broke out. Third, over the last decade, the role of economic activity for ECB monetary policy has decreased so that inflation seems to be the main driver of monetary policy decisions. Fourth, central bankers appear to consider more than one model when they decide about monetary policy measures.
‘And eall worulde gesceaft’: Re-Reading the Natural World in Old English Biblical Poetry
Creators: name: Knowles, Emma Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Old English biblical poetry
junius 11
ecocriticism
Genesis A
Exodus
Daniel

description: This study argues that the hybrid nature of Old English biblical poetry is evident in its complex representation of the natural world — which is shaped by a mesh of traditions including biblical source material, Old English poetics and Latin biblical epic. Throughout this thesis the main insights come from close-reading; these are considered in the context of ecocritical and ecotheological approaches to literature which seek to challenge and reframe pre-existing assumptions about the representation of the natural world. Using this framework to examine Azarias and the poems found in the Junius 11 manuscript contributes to a better understanding of whether these texts present a literal or allegorical approach to the biblical material. It also demonstrates additional connections between Genesis A, Exodus and Daniel which help to justify their bringing together in the Junius 11 manuscript. These links, which are less evident in Christ and Satan, imply a closer connection between the Old Testament versifications, and demonstrate the ways in which the translation context of Genesis A, Exodus and Daniel leads to a closely related version of the natural world. Through this examination this study reveals that biblical source material contributes to an unacknowledged complexity in the representation of the natural world in Old English biblical poetry, and that reconsidering nature in these texts provides significant insights not just into the natural world, but the relationships between these poems and their wider context. The introductory chapter positions my work in the context of recent developments in ecocritical and ecotheological approaches to literature. Three chapters then consider Old English biblical poetry in detail. Chapter Two, focused on Genesis A but also discussing Genesis B, establishes the importance of the relationship between God, human and nature for the texts considered in this thesis, and examines the role of nature as God’s enforcer. Chapter Three considers how Exodus amplifies this idea of nature as God’s assistant in punishing disobedience. Chapter Four considers both Daniel and Azarias and highlights the importance of biblical source material in shaping Anglo-Saxon attitudes towards the natural world. The concluding chapter draws together the threads of my discussion by comparing these examples of Old Testament biblical versification with other Old English religious poetry. It suggests that Christ and Satan has a distinct approach to the natural world from the texts that precede it in the Junius 11 manuscript, and questions the ways in which the phenomena discussed in this dissertation are applicable beyond biblical poetry.
description: Gates Cambridge
title: Folktale Narratives and Economic Behavior
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Asanov, Igor
name: Heinisch, Dominik P.
name: Luong, Nhat
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Narratives – stories – prevail in social life, however little is known about their
relation to economic behavior and outcomes. We shed light on this issue by
studying the association between folktales’ motifs and economic behavior across the world. First, we explore possible relations between the prevalence of narratives and the observed behavior in economic experiments by connecting the Berezkin (2015) collection of narratives with individual choices in experiments performed across the world. Second, we construct a motif distance index that approximates the cultural distance between countries. Third, we provide evidence that motif distance is associated with economic performance.
Are you a Zombie? A Supervised Learning Method to Classify Unviable Firms and Identify the Determinants
Creators: name: De Martiis, Angela
name: Heil, Thomas
name: Peter, Franziska
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Poster: Are you a Zombie? A Supervised Learning Method to Classify Unviable Firms and Identify the Determinants
Multi-level Second-order Few-shot Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongguang
name: Li, Hongdong
name: Koniusz, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a Multi-level Second-order (MlSo) few-shot learning network for supervised or unsupervised few-shot image classification and few-shot action recognition. We leverage so-called power-normalized second-order base learner streams combined with features that express multiple levels of visual abstraction, and we use self-supervised discriminating mechanisms. As Second-order Pooling (SoP) is popular in image recognition, we employ its basic element-wise variant in our pipeline. The goal of multi-level feature design is to extract feature representations at different layer-wise levels of CNN, realizing several levels of visual abstraction to achieve robust few-shot learning. As SoP can handle convolutional feature maps of varying spatial sizes, we also introduce image inputs at multiple spatial scales into MlSo. To exploit the discriminative information from multi-level and multi-scale features, we develop a Feature Matching (FM) module that reweights their respective branches. We also introduce a self-supervised step, which is a discriminator of the spatial level and the scale of abstraction. Our pipeline is trained in an end-to-end manner. With a simple architecture, we demonstrate respectable results on standard datasets such as Omniglot, mini-ImageNet, tiered-ImageNet, Open MIC, fine-grained datasets such as CUB Birds, Stanford Dogs and Cars, and action recognition datasets such as HMDB51, UCF101, and mini-MIT.
description: IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
MOESM2 of Agricultural management and plant selection interactively affect rhizosphere microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling
Creators: name: Schmidt, Jennifer
name: Kent, Angela
name: Brisson, Vanessa
name: AmÃ©Lie Gaudin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. This file contains Table S1: Soil properties.
ViTBIS: Vision Transformer for Biomedical Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Sagar, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel network named Vision Transformer for Biomedical Image Segmentation (ViTBIS). Our network splits the input feature maps into three parts with $1\times 1$, $3\times 3$ and $5\times 5$ convolutions in both encoder and decoder. Concat operator is used to merge the features before being fed to three consecutive transformer blocks with attention mechanism embedded inside it. Skip connections are used to connect encoder and decoder transformer blocks. Similarly, transformer blocks and multi scale architecture is used in decoder before being linearly projected to produce the output segmentation map. We test the performance of our network using Synapse multi-organ segmentation dataset, Automated cardiac diagnosis challenge dataset, Brain tumour MRI segmentation dataset and Spleen CT segmentation dataset. Without bells and whistles, our network outperforms most of the previous state of the art CNN and transformer based models using Dice score and the Hausdorff distance as the evaluation metrics.
description: Published at Clinical Image-Based Procedures, Distributed and Collaborative Learning, Artificial Intelligence for Combating COVID-19 and Secure and Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning workshop at MICCAI 2021
Cost Economies and Market Power: The Case of the U.S Meat Packing Industry
Creators: name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Increasing size of establishments and resulting concentration in US industries may stem from various types of cost economies. In particular, scale economies arising from technological factors embodied in plant and equipment may be a driving force for such market structure changes. In this case typical market power measures like Lerner indexes can be misleading; if scale (cost) economies prevail, cost efficiencies rather than market deficiencies may actually underlie the observed patterns. In this study I provide measures of scale economies and market power for the US meat packing industry, where increased consolidation and concentration have raised great concern in policy circles. The results suggest that this trend has been motivated by cost economies, but that little excess profitability exists, and on the margin the potential for taking further advantage of such economies has become minimal.
title: Evaluating the Link between Attendance and Performance in Higher Education – the Role of Classroom Engagement Dimensions
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Büchele, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Does attendance matter? This question is not only the title of several re- search papers on this topic but has still not been answered conclusively yet. In general, studies _nd positive but mostly weak correlations between atten- dance and performance. However, due to technological changes in learning, attendance in higher education seems to lose its importance since students do not have to attend class to get access to course material. The question that arises is whether information on purely descriptive attendance is su_cient to prove positive e_ects of attendance on performance. This study takes a closer look at the link between attendance and performance, examining classroom engagement dimensions as mediating factors. The results suggest that it does not matter if but rather how students attend class.
Public Infrastructure Investments, Costs, and Inter- State Spatial Spillovers in U.S. Manufacturing: 1982-1996
Creators: name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Public Economics

description: The size and significance of public infrastructure investment impacts on costs and productivity of private enterprise, and thus on economic health and growth, has proven nebulous to empirically substantiate. Various studies using alternative theoretical and econometric methodologies, and for different time periods, sectors, and countries, have tentatively established that such a productive impact exists and is statistically significant. It also seems smaller and more variable over time, space, and sector than was implied by initial studies on the “public capital hypothesis”. One piece of the puzzle that has received little attention, however, is the role of spatial spillovers in driving infrastructure investment benefits. Such spillovers are not only conceptually important, but could also shed light on discrepancies between studies for different data, and particularly aggregation levels. In this study we apply a cost-based model to state-level U.S. manufacturing data, for capital, production and non-production labor, and materials inputs, and for the 1982-96 time period, in an attempt to untangle the private cost-saving contributions of inter- and intra-state public infrastructure investment. We carry out two kinds of spatial adaptations – a spatial autocorrelation adjustment and a spatial spillover theoretical modification – to the estimating system consisting of a Generalized Leontief cost function and input demand equations, to address this issue. We find that intra-state public infrastructure benefits appear larger in magnitude when inter-state spillovers are directly recognized, as well as being invariably statistically significant. Inter-state spillovers are also directly beneficial to manufacturing firms, although their contribution appears smaller in size when temporal serial correlation is recognized in addition to spatial correlation.
Supplementary document for Plasmonic lithography fast imaging model based on decomposition machine learning method - 6182808.pdf
Creators: name: Ding, Huwen
name: Liu, Lihong
name: Li, Ziqi
name: Dong, Lisong
name: Wei, Yayi
name: Ye, Tian-Chun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Revised Supplement
title: The Substitutability between Brick-and-Mortar Stores and e-Commerce – The Case of Books
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Götz, Georg
name: Herold, Daniel
name: Klotz, Phil-Andrian
name: Schäfer, Jan Thomas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Experience goods
Retailing
e-Commerce
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: We analyze the substitutability between brick-and-mortar stores and e-Commerce. Using a novel data set on the German book market we find that between 26 and 55% of the decrease in book sales from 2014- 2017 can be explained by the decrease in the number of bookstores. This indicates that brick-and-mortar stores and e-Commerce are imperfect substitutes. One explanation could be that some consumers prefer to purchase books online because of the service provision in brick-and-mortar stores (e.g., advice, atmosphere, presentation, saleseffort, etc.). We also find that the degree of substitutability differs between different types of books. When a bookshop closes the decrease in sales of fiction titles is more than 2 times larger than the decrease in sales of non-fiction titles. Our findings indicate that regulatory measures and vertical restraints that increase the number of bookstores can have a positive effect on the demand for books even in the presence of e-Commerce
Agglomeration Economies and Industry Location Decisions: The Impacts of Vertical and Horizontal Spillovers
Creators: name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Production Economics

description: Economic analysis of production processes and performance typically neglects consideration of spatial and industry inter-dependencies that may affect economic performance, although there is increasing theoretical recognition that such linkages may be both substantive and expanding. In particular, thick market or agglomeration effects may arise due to knowledge or other types of spillovers associated with own-industry (horizontal), and supply-side or demand-driven (vertical), externalities. In this paper we provide a conceptual and empirical framework for measuring and evaluating such spillovers, which allows us both to quantify their cost-effects, and to evaluate their contribution to location decisions. We focus on the U.S. food manufacturing sector, and the spillovers that may occur across states within the sector and from agricultural production (supply) and consumer buying power (demand). And we find substantive total and marginal cost-impacts in both spatial and industry dimensions, which appear to be motivating forces for regional concentration patterns of the U.S. food manufacturing industries.