cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bericht über die Gemeinschaftstagung „Neue Aspekte für eine langfristige Torfgewinnung in Niedersachsen“ der Sektion II der DGMT mit der Historisch-Ökologischen Bildungsstätte Emsland in Papenburg e.V. (HÖB) am 29. und 30. Juni 2001 in Papenburg
Report on the Joint Workshop “New Aspects for a longterm Peatexcavation1n Lower Saxony” by the Section II DGMT and the Historisch-Ökologische Bildungsstätte Emsland1n Papenburg e. V. (HOB)1n Papenburg, June, 29 - 30, 2001
Creators: name: Falkenberg, Hartmut
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2001

description: Die Torfgewinnung in Niedersachsen ist vor dem Hintergrund der „überschaubar“ gewordenen Lagerstättensituation an technisch und wirtschaftlich nutzbaren Weißtorf- und Schwarztorfvorräten an einem Punkt angelangt, der eine sorgfältige und kritische Betrachtung und Diskussion aller maßgeblichen Fakten, Ansprüche und Aspekte erfordert. Es kommt eine z.T. sehr restriktive Haltung in Politik und Verwaltung gegenüber der Torfgewinnung hinzu, da bezüglich der Notwendigkeit der Nutzung des Rohstoffes Torf für die Herstellung von Kultursubstraten für den Erwerbsgartenbau und Pflanz- und Blumenerden für den Hobbygärtner unterschiedliche Auffassungen bestehen; wohl auch deshalb werden die Belange des Moor- bzw. Naturschutzes in der Regel höher eingestuft als die der Rohstoffvorsorge und -gewinnung.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: conference
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS, DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS AND PHYSICAL HEALTH OVER TIME IN WOMEN WITH INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE
Creators: name: Thestrup, Maria
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The current study examined the associations between post-traumatic stress, depression symptoms and physical health in the context of a larger longitudinal study of battered women's experiences over time. Two hundred and forty-nine help-seeking women who had experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) within the last year were interviewed. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analyses examined how battered women's mental health symptoms predicted health outcomes and vice versa. Common experiences reported by women with IPV were controlled for including severity of violence, substance use and childhood violence. Results obtained suggest different outcomes for concurrent and short and long-term longitudinal analyses. Concurrent results show that PTSD was uniquely associated with physical health. Short-term analyses (4-6 months) revealed an association between depression symptoms and physical health outcomes whereas long-term analyses (1.5 years) suggest that physical health is most influenced by the underlying distress shared by PTSD and depression symptoms. These differential findings suggest that the passage of time may be influential when examining the complex relationship between mental health symptoms and physical health in an IPV population.
Das Forschungsprojekt: „Torfmoose (Sphagnum) als nachwachsender Rohstoff: Etablierung von Torfmoosen – Optimierung der Wuchsbedingungen“
The research project: “Peat mosses (Sphagnum) as a renewable resource: establishment of peat mosses – optimising growth conditions”
Creators: name: Gaudig, Greta
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2002

description: Abstract: The stocks of white peat (slightly humified Sphagnum-peat) in Western and Central Europe are nearly depleted. Alternatives for this raw material in professional horticulture are absent. The pressure on pristine bogs increases. The sustainable cultivation of peat mosses (Sphagnum) seems a sensible solution ensuring a lasting supply of white peat as raw material. Sphagnum material looses more and more of its original mass with increasing age. Early harvesting would therefore maximise the annual crop. Whether fresh Sphagnum biomass is structurally suited or whether the material needs a certain degree of decomposition (Sphagnum peat) has to be tested. Furthermore it must be analysed, which abiotic conditions enable optimal productivity. For obtaining Sphagnum peat, the cultivation of hummock species under “hollow conditions” is optimal. The establishment of peat mosses constitutes a further focus in the research programme. A literature study from 2001 is presented in detail and a resulting research programme.
description: Zusammenfassung: Die Vorräte an Weißtorf (schwach zersetzter Sphagnum-Torf) sind in West- und Mitteleuropa nahezu verschwunden. Alternativen für diesen Rohstoff im Erwerbsgartenbau fehlen. Der wirtschaftliche Druck auf die noch existierenden wachsenden Hochmoore wächst. Für eine langfristige und dauerhafte Sicherung von Weißtorf als Rohstoff erscheint die nachhaltige Kultivierung von Torfmoosen (Sphagnum) als sinnvolle Lösung Sphagnum-Material verliert mit zunehmenden Alter immer mehr seiner ursprünglich gebildeten Masse, weshalb eine frühe Ernte zu maximalen Erträgen führen würde. Ob aber Sphagnum-Frischmasse pflanzenbaulich geeignet ist oder das Material einen bestimmten Zersetzungsgrad aufweisen muss (Sphagnum-Torf), gilt es zu prüfen. Des weiteren muss getestet werden, welche abiotischen Standortfaktoren eine optimale Produktivität ermöglichen. Für die Produktion von Sphagnum-Torf scheint die Kultivierung von Bultarten unter „Schlenkenbedingungen“ optimal. Die Etablierung der Torfmoose stellt einen weiteren Schwerpunkt der Forschungen dar. Hier werden die Ergebnisse einer im Jahr 2001 durchgeführten Literaturstudie ausführlicher dargestellt, welche die Forschungsschwerpunkte für das Projekt festlegt.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
Temperature Effects on Microbial Communities of Sea Fan Coral as an Indicator of Disease Susceptibility
Creators: name: Timme, Walker
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Coral reefs are in decline due to increases in coral disease. We suspect that one of the main sources of coral immunity is the strength the residential, native microbiota. Based on vertebrate models I suspect that disturbing the normal microbial community will lead to disease. The goal of this study is to use the coral-microbiota-disease hypothesis as a tool to establish how an increase in sea surface temperature leads to disease. I tested this by first exposing cuttings of sea fan coral (Gorgonia ventalina) to average summer sea surface temperature as well as to higher than average temperatures. Then, I analyzed the microbial community structure using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Finally, I identified individual bands through sequencing. I found that there were not significant differences in the microbial communities due to changes in temperature. However, the microbial community structures varied greatly when comparing coral on reefs and those in aquaria.
Mass prediction for the last discovered member of the axial-vector nonet with quantum numbers J$^{PC}=1^{+-}$
Creators: name: Chizhov, Mihail
name: Naydenov, Momchil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we have shown that the novel mass relation among the vector states, $ϕ(1020)$ and $ϕ(1680)$, with quantum numbers J$^{PC}=1^{--}$ and axial-vector strangeonium state $h_1(s\bar{s})$ with quantum numbers $1^{+-}$ is also valid for nonzero current quark mass. This relation predicts the mass of recently discovered $h_1(s\bar{s})$ state by the Collaboration BESIII within experimental accuracy.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Temperature Effects on Microbial Communities of Sea Fan Coral as an Indicator of Disease Susceptibility
Creators: name: Timme, Walker
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Coral reefs are in decline due to increases in coral disease. We suspect that one of the main sources of coral immunity is the strength the residential, native microbiota. Based on vertebrate models I suspect that disturbing the normal microbial community will lead to disease. The goal of this study is to use the coral-microbiota-disease hypothesis as a tool to establish how an increase in sea surface temperature leads to disease. I tested this by first exposing cuttings of sea fan coral (Gorgonia ventalina) to average summer sea surface temperature as well as to higher than average temperatures. Then, I analyzed the microbial community structure using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Finally, I identified individual bands through sequencing. I found that there were not significant differences in the microbial communities due to changes in temperature. However, the microbial community structures varied greatly when comparing coral on reefs and those in aquaria.
Spontaneous Non-Hermiticity in Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Cortijo, Alberto
name: Ruggieri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the physical consequences of a scenario when the standard Hermitian Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model spontaneously develops a non-Hermitian PT-symmetric ground state via dynamical generation of an anti-Hermitian Yukawa coupling. We demonstrate the emergence of a noncompact non-Hermitian (NH) symmetry group which characterizes the NH ground state. We show that the NH group is spontaneously broken both in weak- and strong-coupling regimes. In the chiral limit at strong coupling, the NH ground state develops inhomogeneity, which breaks the translational symmetry. At weak coupling, the NH ground state is a spatially uniform state, which lies at the boundary between the PT-symmetric and PT-broken phases. Outside the chiral limit, the minimal NJL model does not possess a stable non-Hermitian ground state.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor corrections, clarifications and references added; published version
Separation of three ephedra alkaloids using GC-MS
Creators: name: Tokarz, Kira
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Ephedra, a plant extract, is known to contain six alkaloids--ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, methylephedrine, and methylpseudoephedrine. Of these six alkaloids, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are present in the highest concentrations. When consumed, the effects of ephedrine include increased heart rate and blood pressure, stimulation of the central nervous system, and dilation of the bronchial tubes. The effects of pseudoephedrine include insomnia, excitability and anxiety. Using GC-MS, this study is designed to analyze the alkaloids in Ephedra from two sources to determine if Ephedra alkaloids are present and if so, which ones.
Separation of three ephedra alkaloids using GC-MS
Creators: name: Tokarz, Kira
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Ephedra, a plant extract, is known to contain six alkaloids--ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, methylephedrine, and methylpseudoephedrine. Of these six alkaloids, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are present in the highest concentrations. When consumed, the effects of ephedrine include increased heart rate and blood pressure, stimulation of the central nervous system, and dilation of the bronchial tubes. The effects of pseudoephedrine include insomnia, excitability and anxiety. Using GC-MS, this study is designed to analyze the alkaloids in Ephedra from two sources to determine if Ephedra alkaloids are present and if so, which ones.
EXPLOITING A NEGATIVE SUPPLY SHOCK TO UNDERSTAND BETTER MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS IN THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY
Creators: name: Tracy, Brandon Shane
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: In 2001 the Brazilian government implemented a national electricity rationing program that lasted nine months and mandated the reduction of electricity consumption by 20 percent. The rationing program received much blame when the economy grew only one percent in 2001. This dissertation motivates the questions: What were the effects of the rationing program on the Brazilian economy? Were existing economic relationships altered by the rationing program? And, What role did substitution play in allowing the economy to adjust to the reduced electricity consumption?Uni-variate and multivariate forecasting techniques are used with monthly data to estimate the impact of the rationing program. During the intervention period, industrial electricity consumption was 16.4 percent below trend values and commercial electricity consumption was 25.2 below trend values; GDP was 3.1 percent below trend values. Economic relationships, as indicated by Granger causality, do change between the pre-intervention and post-intervention periods. Elasticities of substitution, calculated from the parameters of a translog cost function using annual data, are quite stable during the intervention. Fuel substitution does not appear to be the primary means of adjusting to the input shock.
EXPLOITING A NEGATIVE SUPPLY SHOCK TO UNDERSTAND BETTER MACROECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS IN THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY
Creators: name: Tracy, Brandon Shane
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In 2001 the Brazilian government implemented a national electricity rationing program that lasted nine months and mandated the reduction of electricity consumption by 20 percent. The rationing program received much blame when the economy grew only one percent in 2001. This dissertation motivates the questions: What were the effects of the rationing program on the Brazilian economy? Were existing economic relationships altered by the rationing program? And, What role did substitution play in allowing the economy to adjust to the reduced electricity consumption?Uni-variate and multivariate forecasting techniques are used with monthly data to estimate the impact of the rationing program. During the intervention period, industrial electricity consumption was 16.4 percent below trend values and commercial electricity consumption was 25.2 below trend values; GDP was 3.1 percent below trend values. Economic relationships, as indicated by Granger causality, do change between the pre-intervention and post-intervention periods. Elasticities of substitution, calculated from the parameters of a translog cost function using annual data, are quite stable during the intervention. Fuel substitution does not appear to be the primary means of adjusting to the input shock.
Suspended graphene membranes with attached silicon proof masses as piezoresistive NEMS accelerometers
Creators: name: Fan, Xuge
name: Forsberg, Fredrik
name: Smith, Anderson D.
name: Schröder, Stephan
name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Östling, Mikael
name: Lemme, Max C.
name: Niklaus, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene is an atomically thin material that features unique electrical and mechanical properties, which makes it an extremely promising material for future nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Recently, basic NEMS accelerometer functionality has been demonstrated by utilizing piezoresistive graphene ribbons with suspended silicon proof masses. However, the proposed graphene ribbons have limitations regarding mechanical robustness, manufacturing yield and the maximum measurement current that can be applied across the ribbons. Here, we report on suspended graphene membranes that are fully-clamped at their circumference and that have attached silicon proof masses. We demonstrate their utility as piezoresistive NEMS accelerometers and they are found to be more robust, have longer life span and higher manufacturing yield, can withstand higher measurement currents and are able to suspend larger silicon proof masses, as compared to the previously graphene ribbon devices. These findings are an important step towards bringing ultra-miniaturized piezoresistive graphene NEMS closer towards deployment in emerging applications such as in wearable electronics, biomedical implants and internet of things (IoT) devices.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.07115
Additional file 1 of Economic costs analysis of uncomplicated malaria case management in the Peruvian Amazon
Creators: name: Moreno-Gutierrez, Diamantina
name: Rosas-Aguirre, Angel
name: Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro
name: Bilcke, Joke
name: Barboza, José Luis
name: Hayette, Marie-Pierre
name: Contreras-Mancilla, Juan
name: Kristhian Aguirre
name: Dionicia Gamboa
name: Rodriguez, Hugo
name: Speybroeck, Niko
name: Beutels, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Knowledge of household heads on malaria. Table S2. Attitudes of household heads on malaria. Table S3. Malaria prevention practices among household heads. Table S4. Malaria episodes and household by basin. Table S5. Direct cost from the provider perspective for uncomplicated malaria by P. vivax in Mazan district 2017 (US$). Table S6. Direct cost from the provider perspective for uncomplicated malaria by P. falciparum in Mazan district 2017 (US$). Table S7. Direct and indirect costs from the patient perspective for uncomplicated malaria by P. vivax in Mazan district 2017 (US$). Table S8. Direct and indirect costs from the patient perspective for uncomplicated malaria by P. falciparum in Mazan district 2017 (US$).
A Predictor-Corrector Type Algorithm for the Pseudospectral Abscissa Computation of Time-Delay Systems
Creators: name: Gumussoy, Suat
name: Michiels, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The pseudospectrum of a linear time-invariant system is the set in the complex plane consisting of all the roots of the characteristic equation when the system matrices are subjected to all possible perturbations with a given upper bound. The pseudospectral abscissa is defined as the maximum real part of the characteristic roots in the pseudospectrum and, therefore, it is for instance important from a robust stability point of view. In this paper we present an accurate method for the computation of the pseudospectral abscissa of retarded delay differential equations with discrete pointwise delays. Our approach is based on the connections between the pseudospectrum and the level sets of an appropriately defined complex function. The computation is done in two steps. In the prediction step, an approximation of the pseudospectral abscissa is obtained based on a rational approximation of the characteristic matrix and the application of a bisection algorithm. Each step in this bisection algorithm relies on checking the presence of the imaginary axis eigenvalues of a complex matrix, similar to the delay free case. In the corrector step, the approximate pseudospectral abscissa is corrected to any given accuracy, by solving a set of nonlinear equations that characterize extreme points in the pseudospectrum contours.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.04737
Shadow Colony: Refugees and the Pursuit of the Liberian-American Dream
Creators: name: Trapp, Micah M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation is about the people living at the Buduburam Liberian refugee camp in Ghana and how they navigate their position within a social hierarchy that is negotiated on a global terrain. The lives of refugees living in Ghana are constituted through vast and complex social relations that span across the camp, Ghana, West Africa and nations further afield such as the United States, Canada and Australia. The conditions under which these relations have developed and continue to unfold are mediated by structural forces of nation-state policies, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the international governing body for refugees, and the global political economy. Situated within the broader politics of protracted refugee situations and the question of why people stay in long-term camps, this research is a case study of one refugee camp and how its people access resources, build livelihoods and struggle with power. In particular, this dissertation uses concepts of the Liberian-American dream and the shadow colony to explore the historic and contemporary terms and circumstances through which Liberian refugees experience and evaluate migratory prospects and restrictions.
How do medical educators think about capacity building through graduate medical educational programs?
Creators: name: Cohen, Richard David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Medical education in the twenty first century is a complex undertaking and is occurring in a setting of rapidly increasing change. Training students and residents to the point of clinical proficiency requires educational skills and knowledge that are rarely taught to most physicians. Academic health centers are increasingly part of a 'healthindustrial complex' which often places their educational missions in conflict with the revenue-generating requirements of patient care and research. The increasing role of commercial forces in medicine poses threats to the societal obligations of physicians such as patient and healthcare advocacy. Neither has medical education escaped the forces of globalization that have radically transformed much of the planet. Medical educational leaders are therefore going to require skills and knowledge to respond to these challenges. These are capacities that go beyond the scope of most faculty development programs, which usually provide minimal instruction in educational theory and research. Graduate programs in medical education can however satisfy many of these leaders' educational needs. The capacities that these programs will require to address these needs were conceptualized in a framework having outcomes at four levels: 1) individual 2) institutional 3) societal and 4) global. Three focus groups of North American medical educators were asked to discuss these capacities in the context of this framework. Data were also obtained from the mission statements of 21 English-language masters programs in medical education. The focus groups confirmed the importance of graduate educational training for physician-educators, emphasizing topics with individual and institutional implications such as curriculum planning, student assessment, program evaluation and educational research. There was minimal discussion about the societal and global ramifications of medical education. The only significant references to these notions emanated from the mission statements of the minority of medical educational programs located in faculties of education. When characterizing what capacities were important for graduate programs in medical education to develop, medical educators adopted an approach best understood via a framework derived from the adult educational program planning literature. They were reluctant to embrace the broader societal and global notions that have informed adult education over the past few decades.
Shadow Colony: Refugees and the Pursuit of the Liberian-American Dream
Creators: name: Trapp, Micah M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This dissertation is about the people living at the Buduburam Liberian refugee camp in Ghana and how they navigate their position within a social hierarchy that is negotiated on a global terrain. The lives of refugees living in Ghana are constituted through vast and complex social relations that span across the camp, Ghana, West Africa and nations further afield such as the United States, Canada and Australia. The conditions under which these relations have developed and continue to unfold are mediated by structural forces of nation-state policies, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the international governing body for refugees, and the global political economy. Situated within the broader politics of protracted refugee situations and the question of why people stay in long-term camps, this research is a case study of one refugee camp and how its people access resources, build livelihoods and struggle with power. In particular, this dissertation uses concepts of the Liberian-American dream and the shadow colony to explore the historic and contemporary terms and circumstances through which Liberian refugees experience and evaluate migratory prospects and restrictions.
The Entropic Principle and Asymptotic Freedom
Creators: name: Gukov, Sergei
name: Saraikin, Kirill
name: Vafa, Cumrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent developments about the Hartle-Hawking wave function associated to black holes, we formulate an entropy functional on the moduli space of Calabi-Yau compactifications. We find that the maximization of the entropy is correlated with the appearance of asymptotic freedom in the effective field theory. The points where the entropy is maximized correspond to points on the moduli which are maximal intersection points of walls of marginal stability for BPS states. We also find an intriguing link between extremizing the entropy functional and the points on the moduli space of Calabi-Yau three-folds which admit a `quantum deformed' complex multiplication.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, harvmac, v.2: sign error in the large complex structure example corrected
Multiplicity dependence of J/$ψ$ production at midrapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the inclusive J/$ψ$ yield as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density ${\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/\rm{d}η$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with ALICE at the LHC are reported. The J/$ψ$ meson yield is measured at midrapidity ($|y|<0.9$) in the dielectron channel, for events selected based on the charged-particle multiplicity at midrapidity ($|η|<1$) and at forward rapidity ($-3.7
description: 22 pages, 7 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 17, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/6220
Transnational Migrant Brazilian Women in "Pink Collar Collar Jobs" in the Greater Washington DC Area
Creators: name: Tremura, Lucilia V.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The study of transnational migrant Brazilian women in "pink collar jobs" in Washington D.C. metropolitan area comprises thirty-four Brazilian women who chose the United States as their place to be called home. It is termed transnational because of the permanent ties connecting these women to their country of origin, Brazil, and their country of adoption, the United States. The expression "pink collar jobs" indicates low paid jobs, mainly performed by women, no expertise necessary, in the service sector. The Washington D.C. metropolitan area has become a new destination for immigrants with a large concentration of Latin Americans. Brazilian presence is among these diverse groups of immigrants, with an increasing participation on the market. This research focuses on transnational migration in women's context, with all the nuances that involve the process of migration and incorporation into the labor market. Three research questions explore the topic: 1. Why do Brazilian women engage in transnational migration from Brazil to the United States? 1. a. How do social networks affect their transnational migration? 2. How does the social construction of gender and ethnicity influence the occupational choices of this group of Brazilian women, in light of their backgrounds and the job perspectives they anticipated?3. In what ways do pink collar jobs shape their identity, social interaction and job satisfaction? The answers to these questions delineate the main characteristics, aspirations and satisfactions of these migrant workers as they embrace the United States as their new home. Furthermore, they emphasize the role of social networks facilitating their transnational migration which proves a continuous interaction of people and places. The findings are significant to policy makers in sending and receiving countries, to immigrant women and those interested in studying them. Brazilians are many times considered as part of the "panethnic" category of Hispanics. This argument raises discussions about Brazilian ethnic identity which differs from the people of Latin America. They are proud of their "Brazilianess" and see themselves as unique. Immigration shapes much of political debate in the United States. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of diversity in a country founded by immigrants.
Transnational Migrant Brazilian Women in "Pink Collar Collar Jobs" in the Greater Washington DC Area
Creators: name: Tremura, Lucilia V.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The study of transnational migrant Brazilian women in "pink collar jobs" in Washington D.C. metropolitan area comprises thirty-four Brazilian women who chose the United States as their place to be called home. It is termed transnational because of the permanent ties connecting these women to their country of origin, Brazil, and their country of adoption, the United States. The expression "pink collar jobs" indicates low paid jobs, mainly performed by women, no expertise necessary, in the service sector. The Washington D.C. metropolitan area has become a new destination for immigrants with a large concentration of Latin Americans. Brazilian presence is among these diverse groups of immigrants, with an increasing participation on the market. This research focuses on transnational migration in women's context, with all the nuances that involve the process of migration and incorporation into the labor market. Three research questions explore the topic: 1. Why do Brazilian women engage in transnational migration from Brazil to the United States? 1. a. How do social networks affect their transnational migration? 2. How does the social construction of gender and ethnicity influence the occupational choices of this group of Brazilian women, in light of their backgrounds and the job perspectives they anticipated?3. In what ways do pink collar jobs shape their identity, social interaction and job satisfaction? The answers to these questions delineate the main characteristics, aspirations and satisfactions of these migrant workers as they embrace the United States as their new home. Furthermore, they emphasize the role of social networks facilitating their transnational migration which proves a continuous interaction of people and places. The findings are significant to policy makers in sending and receiving countries, to immigrant women and those interested in studying them. Brazilians are many times considered as part of the "panethnic" category of Hispanics. This argument raises discussions about Brazilian ethnic identity which differs from the people of Latin America. They are proud of their "Brazilianess" and see themselves as unique. Immigration shapes much of political debate in the United States. Moreover, the study underscores the importance of diversity in a country founded by immigrants.
Non-equilibrium steady states
Creators: name: Eckmann, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C22, 60H15

description: The mathematical physics of mechanical systems in thermal equilibrium is a well studied, and relatively easy, subject, because the Gibbs distribution is in general an adequate guess for the equilibrium state. On the other hand, the mathematical physics of {\em non-equilibrium} systems, such as that of a chain of masses connected with springs to two (infinite) heat reservoirs is more difficult, precisely because no such {\em a priori} guess exists. Recent work has, however, revealed that under quite general conditions, such states can not only be shown to exist, but are {\em unique}, using the Hörmander conditions and controllability. Furthermore, interesting properties, such as energy flux, exponentially fast convergence to the unique state, and fluctuations of that state have been successfully studied. Finally, the ideas used in these studies can be extended to certain stochastic PDE's using Malliavin calculus to prove regularity of the process.
Naturschutzorientierte Flachabtorfungen in Kalkflachmooren – ein Erfahrungsbericht aus Nord-Brandenburg
Conservation focused topsoil removal in calcareous fens – field experiences from northern Brandenburg
Creators: name: Schumann, Martin
name: Mauersberger, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2009

description: Abstract: The natural park „Uckermärkische Seen“ is outstanding due to precious brownmoss dominated calcareous fens. None of them are undisturbed or virgin. Even in the remote areas of northern Brandenburg peatlands suffer from permanent water shortage. They have been drained or show considerable deficiency of water due to human influences in catchment areas. To counteract succession expensive management is implemented since several decades, but necessary funds are threatened to run dry. As a further step to create small scale hideaways for endangered species conservation was focused on topsoil removal within two peatlands. This report presents practical experiences and offers first impressions of vegetation development within these newly developed sites. Two years after the measures altogether 87 vascular plant species and 9 moss species were recorded in the peat cutting areas. The numbers of species within those sites were between 15 and 50. The most frequent species were Phragmites australis, Carex rostrata, C. elata, Juncus articulatus, Utricularia minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Chara vulgaris und C. intermedia.
description: Zusammenfassung: Der Naturpark „Uckermärkische Seen“ zeichnet sich durch wertvolle, für Brandenburg bedeutsame, von Braunmoosen geprägte Kalkflachmoore aus. Keines dieser Moore blieb jedoch ungestört oder naturnah. Sie wurden entwässert oder weisen aufgrund des gestörten Landschaftswasserhaushaltes erhebliche Wasserdefizite auf. Durch aufwendige Pflege wird der Sukzession auf ausgewählten Flächen seit Jahrzehnten entgegengewirkt. Die finanziellen Mittel hierfür drohen jedoch bald zu versiegen. Um zumindest kleinflächig sichere Refugien für bedrohte Arten zu schaffen, wurden je drei Flachabtorfungen á 1000 m² in zwei Mooren angelegt. In diesem Beitrag werden praktische Erfahrungen und erste Eindrücke zur Vegetationsentwicklung auf den sechs zunächst vegetationsfreien Flächen wiedergegeben. Nach zwei Jahren wurden in den neu angelegten Flächen insgesamt 87 Samenpflanzen- und 9 Moosarten festgestellt. Die Artenzahl der Gefäßpflanzen lag dabei zwischen 15 und 50. Die höchste Stetigkeit erreichten Phragmites australis, Carex rostrata, C. elata, Juncus articulatus, Utricularia minor, Menyanthes trifoliata, Chara vulgaris und C. intermedia.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
title: Shifting sands: students' understanding of the roles of variables in 'A' level mathematics
Creators: name: Bills, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1997

description: The move from GCSE to 'A' level mathematics in schools in England and Wales can be, at least partly, characterised by an increase in abstraction and sophistication associated with the introduction of more variables. I have described as 'second variable' situations those in which letters were used in roles that went beyond the single unknown value or the dependent and independent variable, for example - the equation y = mx + c as a general equation of a straight line - the use of (a, b) to describe a general point. This thesis attempts to describe the experiences of students in meeting these situations. The data which I present are drawn from a variety of sources, but come chiefly from a year spent teaching and observing two 'A' level mathematics classes in two different schools. Other sources are my own mathematical work and that of colleagues, in particular two groups of teachers with whom I met to discuss my research. I also refer to my teaching of other groups of students. My conclusions - distinguish between structural and empirical generalisation - identify the shifts in the roles of literal symbols which take place in the solving of some types of problem - describe how stereotyping affects students' treatment of literal symbols and assists in or interferes with solving of problems - list some components of 'second variable thinking'. My research method is qualitative rather than quantitative. It draws on my teaching experience and makes a virtue of the subjectivity of both the researcher and the reader. I offer a number of mathematical exercises to the reader and intend that he should draw on his experience of these exercises in interpreting the thesis. I expect the validity of the thesis to be judged by its coherence and by its capacity to inform the future practice of myself and of readers.
Caffeine-Induced Taste Aversions In Lewis And Fischer Rat Strains: Differential Sensitivity To The Aversive Effects of Drugs
Creators: name: Vishwanath, Janani M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Lewis (LEW) and Fischer 344 (F344) rat strains have been reported to differ in the aversive effects induced by a number of drugs. The present studies extended this previous work and examined the ability of caffeine to induce taste aversions in the two strains. Specifically, LEW and F344 rats were given access to saccharin and injected with varying doses of caffeine (0, 0.32, 1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg - Experiment 1; 0, 10, 18 and 32 mg/kg - Experiment 2). Additionally, the effects of caffeine on locomotor activity were examined in Experiment 2. At low doses (Experiment 1), caffeine failed to induce taste aversions in either strain. At higher doses (Experiment 2), aversions were induced that were strain dependent. Specifically, caffeine induced taste aversions in both strains at 32 mg/kg, while 18 mg/kg caffeine was effective in inducing aversions only in the LEW strain. Caffeine increased activity in both strains with no strain difference. This demonstration adds to the growing list of drugs on which the LEW and F344 strains differ in relation to their affective properties. Given that drug use and abuse is a function of the balance of the rewarding and aversive effects of drugs, understanding such strain differences may provide insight into the biological (and genetic) factors impacting abuse vulnerability.
Novel Entity Discovery from Web Tables
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Meij, Edgar
name: Balog, Krisztian
name: Reinanda, Ridho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When working with any sort of knowledge base (KB) one has to make sure it is as complete and also as up-to-date as possible. Both tasks are non-trivial as they require recall-oriented efforts to determine which entities and relationships are missing from the KB. As such they require a significant amount of labor. Tables on the Web, on the other hand, are abundant and have the distinct potential to assist with these tasks. In particular, we can leverage the content in such tables to discover new entities, properties, and relationships. Because web tables typically only contain raw textual content we first need to determine which cells refer to which known entities---a task we dub table-to-KB matching. This first task aims to infer table semantics by linking table cells and heading columns to elements of a KB. Then second task builds upon these linked entities and properties to not only identify novel ones in the same table but also to bootstrap their type and additional relationships. We refer to this process as novel entity discovery and, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first endeavor on mining the unlinked cells in web tables. Our method identifies not only out-of-KB (``novel'') information but also novel aliases for in-KB (``known'') entities. When evaluated using three purpose-built test collections, we find that our proposed approaches obtain a marked improvement in terms of precision over our baselines whilst keeping recall stable.
description: Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020 (WWW '20), 2020
Caffeine-Induced Taste Aversions In Lewis And Fischer Rat Strains: Differential Sensitivity To The Aversive Effects of Drugs
Creators: name: Vishwanath, Janani M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Lewis (LEW) and Fischer 344 (F344) rat strains have been reported to differ in the aversive effects induced by a number of drugs. The present studies extended this previous work and examined the ability of caffeine to induce taste aversions in the two strains. Specifically, LEW and F344 rats were given access to saccharin and injected with varying doses of caffeine (0, 0.32, 1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg - Experiment 1; 0, 10, 18 and 32 mg/kg - Experiment 2). Additionally, the effects of caffeine on locomotor activity were examined in Experiment 2. At low doses (Experiment 1), caffeine failed to induce taste aversions in either strain. At higher doses (Experiment 2), aversions were induced that were strain dependent. Specifically, caffeine induced taste aversions in both strains at 32 mg/kg, while 18 mg/kg caffeine was effective in inducing aversions only in the LEW strain. Caffeine increased activity in both strains with no strain difference. This demonstration adds to the growing list of drugs on which the LEW and F344 strains differ in relation to their affective properties. Given that drug use and abuse is a function of the balance of the rewarding and aversive effects of drugs, understanding such strain differences may provide insight into the biological (and genetic) factors impacting abuse vulnerability.
Theme Overview: Beer, Policy, and a Changing Global Market
Creators: name: Berning, Joshua
name: McCullough, Michael P.
name: Berning, Joshua
name: McCullough, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Beer and brewing is a fundamental economic and now cultural component of society that has evolved significantly over time. This theme explores aspects of the global beer market, including the role of globalization and complex regulatory systems in economic growth, structural changes in the brewing industry, and beer’s emergence as a component of food culture.
Aktuelle Zahlen zur Verbreitung der organischen Böden inklusive Moore in Deutschland sowie der darin gespeicherten Menge an organischem Kohlenstoff
Actual dataset on the distribution and carbon stocks of organic soils in Germany
Creators: name: Zeitz, Jutta
name: Fell, Holger
name: Roßkopf, Niko
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2015

description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
Additional file 1 of Osteoarthritis Preoperative Package for care of Orthotics, Rehabilitation, Topical and oral agent Usage and Nutrition to Improve ouTcomes at a Year (OPPORTUNITY); a feasibility study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: A. Hamish R. W. Simpson
name: Howie, Colin R.
name: Kinsella, Elaine
name: Hamilton, David F.
name: Conaghan, Philip G.
name: Hankey, Catherine
name: Simpson, Sharon Anne
name: Bell-Higgs, Anna
name: Craig, Peter
name: Clement, Nicholas D.
name: Keerie, Catriona
name: Kingsbury, Sarah R.
name: Leeds, Anthony R.
name: Ross, Hazel M.
name: Pandit, Hemant G.
name: Tuck, Chris
name: Norrie, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Appropriate Statistical Analysis for Two Independent Groups of Likert-Type Data
Creators: name: Warachan, Boonyasit
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The objective of this research was to determine the robustness and statistical power of three different methods for testing the hypothesis that ordinal samples of five and seven Likert categories come from equal populations. The three methods are the two sample t-test with equal variances, the Mann-Whitney test, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In additional, these methods were employed over a wide range of scenarios with respect to sample size, significance level, effect size, population distribution, and the number of categories of response scale. The data simulations and statistical analyses were performed by using R programming language version 2.13.2. To assess the robustness and power, samples were generated from known distributions and compared. According to returned p-values at different nominal significance levels, empirical error rates and power were computed from the rejection of null hypotheses.Results indicate that the two sample t-test and the Mann-Whitney test were robust for Likert-type data. Also the t-test performed the best to control of Type I error for both 5-point and 7-point Likert scale. For the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Type I error rate was not controlled for all circumstances. This means the testing procedure computed from R was not robust for the ordinal Likert-type data because the Type I error rate of this test was lower than the minimum of the robustness criteria. Therefore, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was quite conservative. For the statistical power of the test, the Mann-Whitney test was the most powerful for most of the distributions, especially under highly skewed and bimodal distributions. The t-test obtained high statistical power or close to the power from the Man-Whitney test under the uniform, moderate skewed or symmetric distribution with large location shift.
Additional file 2 of Clinical pictures, treatments, and resource use of norovirus gastroenteritis in long-term care facilities: a survey with a chart review in Japan
Creators: name: Fujiki, Saori
name: Tatsuro Ishizaki
name: Nakayama, Takeo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Questionnaires of Surveys II.