cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Vertex Trigger based on Cylindrical Multiwire Proportional Chambers
Creators: name: Becker, J.
name: Bösiger, K.
name: Lindfeld, L.
name: Müller, K.
name: Robmann, P.
name: Schmitt, S.
name: Schmitz, C.
name: Steiner, S.
name: Straumann, U.
name: Szeker, K.
name: Truöl, P.
name: Urban, M.
name: Vollhardt, A.
name: Werner, N.
name: Baumeister, D.
name: Löchner, S.
name: Hildebrandt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article describes the technical implementation and the performance of the z-vertex trigger (CIP2k), which is part of the H1-experiment at HERA.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A
ImSig: Conserved immune cell signatures for deconvolution of complex blood and tissue transcriptomic data
Creators: name: Nirmal, Ajit Johnson
name: Regan, Tim
name: Sims, Andy
name: Freeman, Tom
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Transcriptomics data is a valuable resource for understanding a system’s response to disease or other perturbation.  Frequently, pathological states are associated with the recruitment of immune cells to the site of disease and/or changes in the relative numbers or activation state of other cell types. Identifying these alterations are key to the correct interpretation of data derived from clinical samples. In order to identify the presence of immune cells in a sample, previous studies have attempted to identify modules of cell type-specific gene signatures. Our analysis of these signatures suggest that the gene sets identified by these studies are less effective on mixtures with unknown content like, blood and tissues. We therefore aimed to generate immune cell type-specific gene signatures using a network-based approach based on co-expression of genes. Performing an extensive meta-analysis of 39 datasets containing 276 samples of different human immune cell populations and by extracting the most cell-specific clusters from these data and examining their co-expression across eight blood and four tissue datasets, we defined and validated a conserved blood and tissue specific expression signature for B cells, macrophages/dendritic cells, monocytes, T cells, neutrophils, NK cells and platelets.
Thermoresponsivity of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels in water-trehalose solution and its relation to protein behavior
Creators: name: Rosi, Benedetta Petra
name: Tavagnacco, Letizia
name: Comez, Lucia
name: Sassi, Paola
name: Ricci, Maria
name: Buratti, Elena
name: Bertoldo, Monica
name: Petrillo, Caterina
name: Zaccarelli, Emanuela
name: Chiessi, Ester
name: Corezzi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypotheses: Additives are commonly used to tune macromolecular conformational transitions. Among additives, trehalose is an excellent bioprotectant and among responsive polymers, PNIPAM is the most studied material. Nevertheless, their interaction mechanism so far has only been hinted without direct investigation, and, crucially, never elucidated in comparison to proteins. Detailed insights would help understand to what extent PNIPAM microgels can effectively be used as synthetic biomimetic materials, to reproduce and study, at the colloidal scale, isolated protein behavior and its sensitivity to interactions with specific cosolvents or cosolutes. Experiments: The effect of trehalose on the swelling behavior of PNIPAM microgels was monitored by dynamic light scattering; Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations were used to explore changes of solvation and dynamics across the swelling-deswelling transition at the molecular scale. Findings: Strongly hydrated trehalose molecules develop water-mediated interactions with PNIPAM microgels, thereby preserving polymer hydration below and above the transition while drastically inhibiting local motions of the polymer and of its hydration shell. Our study, for the first time, demonstrates that slowdown of dynamics and preferential exclusion are the principal mechanisms governing trehalose effect on PNIPAM microgels, at odds with preferential adsorption of alcohols, but in full analogy with the behavior observed in trehalose-protein systems.
The Orion Radio All-Stars: Radio census and proper motions with the VLA and nonthermal variability with ALMA and the VLBA
Creators: name: Vargas-González, Jaime
name: Forbrich, Jan
name: Dzib, Sergio
name: Bally, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Young stars
radio continuum: stars
stars: protostars
stars: coronae
proper motions
instrumentation: high angular resolution
stars: variables: T Tauri, HerbigAe/Be

description: We are presenting a follow-up of our deep VLA radio survey in the central part of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) at cm-wavelengths, now expanded to the outskirts of the cluster. We find strong evidence of the effect that the high-mass stars in the Trapezium have on the radio properties of nearby sources which most likely show free-free radio emission from external photoevaporation. We also compare our two sensitive VLA epochs of the central cluster, with a time baseline of just a few years, to measure fast proper motions of faint features related to the OMC1 explosion. In our continued variability study there are no new cases of extreme events (variability greater than an order of magnitude on short timescales), however it is within the expectations for these new and shorter observations. In addition to this analysis we expand our study of nonthermal YSO radio variability using ALMA and the VLBA, conducting a systematic monitoring in the millimeter range to constrain the occurrence of synchrotron flares which could have implications in disk mass measurements of insufficiently spatially resolved protoplanetary discs. The VLBA allows us to filter out any thermal emission making possible the study of the exclusively nonthermal population in the ONC at centimeter-wavelengths for which we present its variability in a greater detail.
description: {"references": ["Bally et al. 2015, A&A, 579, 130. Decouple software associated to arXiv:1502.04711.", "Bally & Zinnecker 2005, AJ, 129, 2281. Decouple software associated to arXiv:astro-ph/0502485.", "Bower et al. 2003, ApJ, 598, 1140. Decouple software associated to arXiv:astro-ph/0308277.", "Dzib et al. 2017, ApJ, 834, 139. Decouple software associated to arXiv:1611.03767.", "Dzib et al. 2021, ApJ, 906, 24. Decouple software associated to arXiv:2011.09331.", "Forbrich et al. 2016, ApJ, 822, 93. Decouple software associated to arXiv:1603.05666.", "Forbrich et al. 2017, ApJ, 844, 109. Decouple software associated to arXiv:1706.05562.", "Forbrich et al. 2021. ApJ, 906, 23. Decouple software associated to arXiv:2011.09329.", "Getman et al. 2005, ApJS, 160, 319. Decouple software associated to arXiv:astro-ph/0410136.", "Massi, et al. 2006, A&A, 453, 959. Decouple software associated to arXiv:astro-ph/0604124.", "Rodr\u00edguez et al. 2005, ApJ, 627, 65. Decouple software associated to arXiv:astro-ph/0504134.", "Vargas-Gonz\u00e1lez et al. 2021 (submitted)."]}
Safe Learning-based Gradient-free Model Predictive Control Based on Cross-entropy Method
Creators: name: Zheng, Lei
name: Yang, Rui
name: Wu, Zhixuan
name: Pan, Jiesen
name: Cheng, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a safe and learning-based control framework for model predictive control (MPC) is proposed to optimize nonlinear systems with a non-differentiable objective function under uncertain environmental disturbances. The control framework integrates a learning-based MPC with an auxiliary controller in a way of minimal intervention. The learning-based MPC augments the prior nominal model with incremental Gaussian Processes to learn the uncertain disturbances. The cross-entropy method (CEM) is utilized as the sampling-based optimizer for the MPC with a non-differentiable objective function. A minimal intervention controller is devised with a control Lyapunov function and a control barrier function to guide the sampling process and endow the system with high probabilistic safety. The proposed algorithm shows a safe and adaptive control performance on a simulated quadrotor in the tasks of trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance under uncertain wind disturbances.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Quantum Annealing Effect on Entropic Slowing Down in Frustrated Decorated Bond System
Creators: name: Tanaka, Shu
name: Miyashita, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that the importance of the quantum annealing procedure to find the ground state of frustrated decorated bond systems where 'entropic slowing down' happens due to peculiar density of states. Here, we use the time dependent Schrödinger equation to analyze the real time dynamics of the process. It is found that the quantum annealing is very efficient comparing to the thermal annealing for searching the ground state of the systems. We analyze the mechanism of quantum annealing from a view point of adiabatic process.
description: 2 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of ICM2006
COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses VII. Time delays and the Hubble constant from WFI J2033-4723
Creators: name: Vuissoz, C.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Sluse, D.
name: Meylan, G.
name: Chantry, V.
name: Eulaers, E.
name: Morgan, C.
name: Eyler, M. E.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Coles, J.
name: Saha, P.
name: Magain, P.
name: Falco, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitationally lensed quasars can be used to map the mass distribution in lensing galaxies and to estimate the Hubble constant H0 by measuring the time delays between the quasar images. Here we report the measurement of two independent time delays in the quadruply imaged quasar WFI J2033-4723 (z = 1.66). Our data consist of R-band images obtained with the Swiss 1.2 m EULER telescope located at La Silla and with the 1.3 m SMARTS telescope located at Cerro Tololo. The light curves have 218 independent epochs spanning 3 full years of monitoring between March 2004 and May 2007, with a mean temporal sampling of one observation every 4th day. We measure the time delays using three different techniques, and we obtain Dt(B-A) = 35.5 +- 1.4 days (3.8%) and Dt(B-C) = 62.6 +4.1/-2.3 days (+6.5%/-3.7%), where A is a composite of the close, merging image pair. After correcting for the time delays, we find R-band flux ratios of F_A/F_B = 2.88 +- 0.04, F_A/F_C = 3.38 +- 0.06, and F_A1/F_A2 = 1.37 +- 0.05 with no evidence for microlensing variability over a time scale of three years. However, these flux ratios do not agree with those measured in the quasar emission lines, suggesting that longer term microlensing is present. Our estimate of H0 agrees with the concordance value: non-parametric modeling of the lensing galaxy predicts H0 = 67 +13/-10 km s-1 Mpc-1, while the Single Isothermal Sphere model yields H0 = 63 +7/-3 km s-1 Mpc-1 (68% confidence level). More complex lens models using a composite de Vaucouleurs plus NFW galaxy mass profile show twisting of the mass isocontours in the lensing galaxy, as do the non-parametric models. As all models also require a significant external shear, this suggests that the lens is a member of the group of galaxies seen in field of view of WFI J2033-4723.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, published in A&A
Efficiently determining aggregrate proximity relationships in spatial data mining
Creators: name: Knorr, Edwin M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis deals with a nearest-neighbour problem. Specifically, we identify proximity relationships between a cluster of points and nearby features (polygons). Since points are often non-uniformly distributed within a cluster, and since the shapes and sizes of clusters and features may vary greatly, aggregate proximity is the level of expressiveness we need. Additionally, we require that our algorithm be scalable and incremental. The main contribution of this thesis is the development of Algorithm CRH which uses encompassing circles, isothetic rectangles, and convex hulls to efficiently determine proximity relationships via successive convex approximations. Pointwise operations are then performed to compute the aggregate proximity statistics, and to rank the features. Our case study shows that an implementation of Algorithm CRH can examine over 50,000 features and their spatial relationships with a given cluster in less than 1 second of CPU time, delivering expressiveness and scalability. We also show that by using memoization techniques, Algorithm CRH provides for extremely efficient incremental processing.
Intrinsic Nanoscale Inhomogeneities in Transition Metal Oxides
Creators: name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Argyriou, D. N
name: Ren, Y.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Mukovskii, Y. M.
name: Shulyatev, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron elastic, inelastic and high energy x-ray scattering techniques are used to explore the nature of the polaron order and dynamics in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3. Static polaron correlations develop within a narrow temperature regime as the Curie temperature is approached from low temperatures, with a nanoscale correlation length that is only weakly temperature dependent. The static nature of these short-range polaron correlations indicates the presence of a glass-like state, similar to the observations for the bilayer manganite in the metallic-ferromagnetic doping region. In addition to this elastic component, inelastic scattering measurements reveal dynamic correlations with a comparable correlation length, and with an energy distribution that is quasielastic. The elastic component disappears at a higher temperature T*, above which the correlations are purely dynamic. The overall behavior bears a remarkable resemblance to the magnetic fluctuation spectrum recently observed in underdoped cuprates.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
On cyclotomic schemes over finite near-fields
Creators: name: Bagherian, J.
name: Ponomarenko, Ilia
name: Barghi, A. Rahnamai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E30, 12K05, 20B20

description: We introduce a concept of cyclotomic association scheme C over a finite near-field. It is proved that if C is nontrivial, then Aut(C)
Entrectinib: A Review in NTRK+ Solid Tumours and ROS1+ NSCLC
Creators: name: Frampton, James E.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Acknowledgments During the peer review process, the manufacturer of entrectinib was also offered an opportunity to review this article. Changes resulting from comments received were made on the basis of scientific and editorial merit.
 Declarations
 Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Authorship and Conflict of interest J. E. Frampton is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.
Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract Entrectinib (Rozlytrek®) is an orally active, CNS-penetrant, small-molecule, selective inhibitor of the tropomyosin receptor tyrosine kinases TRKA/B/C [encoded by the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) genes NTRK1/2/3, respectively], the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS1 (ROS1) and the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK). It is approved for the treatment of adults and paediatric patients aged ≥ 12 years with NTRK fusion-positive (NTRK+) solid tumours and adults with ROS1 fusion-positive (ROS1+) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In trials in adults, entrectinib induced clinically meaningful and durable systemic responses in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-naïve patients with locally-advanced or metastatic NTRK+ solid tumours or ROS1+ NSCLC, irrespective of the presence or absence of CNS metastases at baseline. Moreover, entrectinib demonstrated substantial intracranial efficacy in patients with baseline CNS metastases. Entrectinb efficacy in paediatric patients was established on the basis of extrapolation of clinical trial data from adults with NTRK+ solid tumours and children and adolescents aged NTRK+ CNS/solid tumours. Entrectinib was generally well tolerated, with a manageable safety profile. Thus, entrectinib expands the range of treatment options for advanced NTRK+ solid tumours and ROS1+ NSCLC, and may be of particular value in patients with existing CNS metastases and those who are at risk of developing CNS metastases
Video Abstract, Script and Slides
 The video abstract, script and slide deck of images from the video, which have been peer reviewed and were uploaded to Figshare after the Entrectinib in NTRK+ Solid Tumours and ROS1+ NSCLC Adis Drug Evaluation was published, are sponsored by F. Hoffmann-La Roche.
The script and slide deck can be found here.
 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Hλεκτρονικό Εμπόριο - Ηλεκτρονικά καταρτιζόμενη σύμβαση πώλησης:
Creators: name: Καμάκα, Ρωξάνη Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Διαδίκτυο
Εμπόριο
Σύμβαση
Internet
E - commerce
Contract

description: Ο πιο σύγχρονος τρόπος πραγματοποίησης συμβάσεως από απόσταση είναι οι συμβάσεις που πραγματοποιούνται μέσω διαδικτύου, οι οποίες αποτελούν επίτευγμα της καλπάζουσας εξέλιξης της ηλεκτρονικής τεχνολογίας και της απελευθέρωσης των τηλεπικοινωνιών και προσδιορίζονται με τον γενικότερο όρο «Ηλεκτρονικό Εμπόριο». Ηλεκτρονικό Εμπόριο, επομένως, είναι το εμπόριο που πραγματοποιείται με την ηλεκτρονική μετάδοση δεδομένων, που περιλαμβάνουν κείμενο, ήχο και εικόνα. Καθώς οι τεχνικές εφαρμογές της πληροφορικής και των τηλεπικοινωνιών καθιστούν δυνατή τη διαβίβαση δεδομένων μέσω δικτύων ηλεκτρονικών υπολογιστών και τα δεδομένα αυτά μπορεί να συνίστανται μεταξύ άλλων σε δήλωση βούλησης, δηλαδή σε πρόταση για κατάρτιση σύμβασης και σε αποδοχή της, είναι δυνατή η μέσω δικτύων ηλεκτρονικών υπολογιστών κατάρτιση συμβάσεων, των λεγόμενων «Hλεκτρονικών Συμβάσεων». Προφανώς το δίκαιο δεν είναι δυνατόν να συμβαδίζει με τους ταχύτατους ρυθμούς ανάπτυξης της τεχνολογίας, για αυτό και από την πραγματοποίηση συμβάσεων από απόσταση μέσω διαδικτύου δημιουργούνται πολλά νομικά προβλήματα. Τα προβλήματα αυτά θα προσπαθήσουμε να αναπτύξουμε με την παρούσα εργασία.
description: The most modern way of contracting from a distance are the contracts signed through Internet, an achievement of the electronic technology and the liberation of telecommunications and are identified with the general term of «E- Commerce». E- Commerce is the commerce which is conducted through electronic data transfer, consisting of text, sound and image. As computer and telecommunication applications make possible data transferring, these data can consist, amongst others, in a declaration of intent, is a legal offer and the acceptance of the offeree, making possible the establishment through computer networks of legal agreements, the so called «E- Contract». Obviously, law cannot keep up with the rapid pace of technological advance, therefore, many legal issues are presented. These legal issues we will attempt to present with this essay.
Design for testability of communication protocols
Creators: name: Loureiro, Antonio Alfredo Ferreira
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is growing consensus that some design principles are needed to overcome the ever increasing complexity in verifying and testing software in order to build more reliable systems. Design for testability (DFT) is the process of applying techniques and methods during the design phase in order to reduce the effort and cost in testing its implementations. In this thesis, the problem of design for testability of communication protocols is studied. A framework that provides a general treatment to the problem of designing communication protocols with testability in mind and some basic design principles are presented. Following the protocol engineering life cycle we have identified and discussed in detail issues related to design for testability in the analysis, design, implementation, and testing phases. We discuss two important aspects that affect the testing of communication protocols: testing taking the environment into consideration and distributed testing. We present a novel algorithm and the corresponding design principles for tackling an important class of faults caused by an unreliable environment, namely coordination loss, that are very difficult to catch in the testing process. These design principles can be applied systematically in the design of self-stabilizing protocols. We show that conformance relations that are environment independent are not adequate to deal with errors caused by the environment such as coordination loss. A more realistic conformance relation based on external behavior as well as a "more testable" relation for environments which exhibit coordination loss are introduced. We also present a novel algorithm and the corresponding design principles for checking dynamic unstable properties during the testing process. The method proposed can be used in distributed testing of communication protocols and distributed programs in general. This technique can also be used in normal execution of the protocol implementation to tackle the problems of state build-up and exception handling when a fault is detected. A specific type of communication protocol, namely 3-way handshake protocols, is used to show it is possible to check general properties using this algorithm. A comprehensive survey of testability and design for testability in the software domain is also included in the thesis.
Fluctuation-enhanced frequency mixing in a nonlinear micromechanical oscillator
Creators: name: Chan, H. B.
name: Stambaugh, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study noise-enhanced frequency mixing in an underdamped micromechanical torsional oscillator. The oscillator is electrostatically driven into bistability by a strong, periodic voltage at frequency $ω_d$. A second, weak ac voltage is applied at a frequency $ω$ close to $ω_d$. Due to nonlinearity in the system, vibrations occur at both $ω$ and $2ω_d-ω$. White noise is injected into the excitation, allowing the system to occasionally overcome the activation barrier and switch between the two states. At the primary drive frequency where the occupations of the two states are approximately equal, we observe noise-induced enhancement of the oscillation amplitudes at both $ω$ and the down-converted frequency $2ω_d-ω$, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Such enhancement occurs as a result of the noise-induced interstate transitions becoming synchronous with the beating between the two driving frequencies.
description: 4 pages 5 figures
Untangling the Galaxy
Creators: name: Kounkel, Marina
name: Covey, Kevin
name: Stassun, Keivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Gaia DR2 provides unprecedented precision in measurements of the distance and kinematics of stars in the solar neighborhood. Through applying hierarchical clustering on 5D data set (3D position + 2D velocity), we identify a number of clusters, associations, and comoving groups within 3 kpc. Through leveraging machine learning techniques, we can estimate the ages of these stars with pseudo-isochrone fitting. Furthermore, supervised learning then allows for identification of isolated pre-main sequence stars that cannot be recovered through clustering. With these efforts combined, we can produce to date the largest catalog of stars with known ages, allowing for investigation of star formation history of the solar neighborhood. Most of the young stars are commonly found to be filamentary or string-like populations, oriented in parallel to the Galactic plane, and some span hundreds of parsec in length. Most likely, these strings are primordial, tracing the morphology of filamentary clouds that produced them, rather than the result of tidal stripping or dynamical processing. The youngest strings (<100 Myr) tend to be orthogonal to the Local Arm. Stars in a string tend to persist as comoving for time scales of ~300 Myr, after which most dissolve into the Galaxy. These data shed a new light on the local galactic structure and a large-scale cloud collapse.
$β$-NMR of Isolated $^{8}$Li$^{+}$ Implanted into a Thin Copper Film
Creators: name: Salman, Z.
name: Mansour, A. I.
name: Chow, K. H.
name: Beaudoin, M.
name: Fan, I.
name: Jung, J.
name: Keeler, T. A.
name: Kiefl, R. F.
name: Levy, C. D. P.
name: Ma, R. C.
name: Morris, G. D.
name: Parolin, T. J.
name: Wang, D.
name: MacFarlane, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depth-controlled $β$-NMR was used to study highly spin-polarized $^8$Li in a Cu film of thickness 100 nm deposited onto a MgO substrate. The positive Knight Shifts and spin relaxation data show that $^8$Li occupies two sites at low temperatures, assigned to be the substitutional ($S$) and octahedral ($O$) interstitial sites. Between 50 to 100 K, there is a site change from $O$ to $S$. The temperature dependence of the Knight shifts and spin-lattice relaxation rates at high temperatures, i.e. when all the Li are in the $S$ site, is consistent with the Korringa Law for a simple metal.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Graphene on Graphite
Creators: name: Li, Guohong
name: Luican, Adina
name: Andrei, Eva Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report low temperature high magnetic field scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of graphene flakes on graphite that exhibit the structural and electronic properties of graphene decoupled from the substrate. Pronounced peaks in the tunneling spectra develop with field revealing a Landau level sequence that provides a direct way to identify graphene and to determine the degree of its coupling to the substrate. The Fermi velocity and quasiparticle lifetime, obtained from the positions and width of the peaks, provide access to the electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions.
Preparation and Determination of Spin-Polarized States in Multi-Zeeman-sublevel Atoms
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Han, Yanxu
name: Xiao, Jintao
name: Yang, Xudong
name: Zhang, Chunhong
name: Wang, Hai
name: Xiao, Min
name: Peng, Kunchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a simple technique to prepare and determine the desired internal quantum states in multi-Zeeman-sublevel atoms. By choosing appropriate coupling and pumping laser beams, atoms can be easily prepared in a desired Zeeman sublevel with high purity or in any chosen ground-state population distributions. The population distributions or state purities of such prepared atomic states can be determined by using a weak, circularly-polarized probe beam due to differences in transition strengths among different Zeeman sublevels. Preparing well-defined internal quantum states in multi-Zeeman-sublevel atoms (or spin-polarized quantum-state engineering) will be very important in demonstrating many interesting effects in quantum information processing with multi-level atomic systems.
description: 17pages, 4figures, Submit to Physical Review Letters
Dedica votiva di Aristeis
Creators: name: Maniglia, Francesco
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

A quadrangular silver plaque from Francavilla Marittima (Sybaris), the inscription is bustrophedic and consists in a private votive offering commissioned by Aristeis, a woman, to an unknown deity. The structure of the text and the graphic peculiarities of the letters bring to a chronology about late 7th-early 6th century.

description: Axon
First Results from the POKEMON Speckle Survey of Nearby M-dwarfs
Creators: name: Clark, Catherine
name: Belle, Gerard Van
name: Horch, Elliott
name: Braun, Kaspar Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: M-dwarf
Binary
Speckle Imaging

description: We present the first results from the POKEMON (Pervasive Overview of Kompanions of Every M-dwarf in Our Neighborhood) survey, the largest speckle survey of stellar multiplicity ever produced for the objects that comprise over 70% of the stars in our galaxy: the M-dwarfs. We have conducted a volume-limited survey through M9 that inspected, at diffraction-limited resolution, every M-dwarf out to 15pc, with additional brighter targets to 25pc. POKEMON utilized the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI) at the 4.3m Lowell Discovery Telescope, along with the NN-Explore Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager (NESSI) on the 3.5-m WIYN telescope. We report the discovery of 30+ new companions to these nearby M-dwarfs. Given the priority these targets have for exoplanet studies with TESS, and in the future JWST – and the degree to which initially undetected multiplicity has skewed Kepler results – a comprehensive survey of our nearby low-mass neighbors provides a homogeneous, complete catalog of fundamental utility. Prior knowledge of secondary objects – or robust non-detections, as captured by this survey – immediately clarify the nature of exoplanet transit detections from these current and upcoming missions.
Monumento con dedica di Callimaco di Afidna
Creators: name: Lanzillo, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

The inscription, written on two continuous lines in the two fluting cuts of an Ionic column, is a dedicatory epigram and consists of five hexameters. The dedication is attributed to Kallimachos of Aphidna, the Athenian polemarch who died at Marathon in 490 BC, according to Herodotus. The reconstruction of his name was made possible starting with the demotic Ἀφιδναῖο[ς] (l. 1) and the term πολέ]μαρχος (l. 3): it leads to the conclusion that the writing of the dedication took place likely in two moments: when Kallimachos was still alive (lines 1-2) and after his death (lines 3-5). The state of conservation is fragmentary: hence the multiple restitutions of the text proposed by scholars.

description: Axon
Systematic exploration of guide-tree topology effects for small protein alignments
Creators: name: Sievers, Fabian
name: Hughes, Graham
name: Higgins, Des
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Guide-trees are used as part of an essential heuristic to enable the calculation of multiple sequence alignments. They have been the focus of much method development but there has been little effort at determining systematically, which guide-trees, if any, give the best alignments. Some guide-tree construction schemes are based on pair-wise distances amongst unaligned sequences. Others try to emulate an underlying evolutionary tree and involve various iteration methods.
Dark Matter in Draco: new considerations of the expected gamma flux in IACTs
Creators: name: Sanchez-Conde, Miguel A.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Lokas, Ewa L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new revision of the gamma flux that we expect to detect in Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) from SUSY dark matter annihilation in the Draco dSph is presented using the dark matter density profiles compatible with the latest observations. This revision takes also into account the important effect of the Point Spread Function (PSF) of the Cherenkov telescope. We show that this effect is crucial in the way we will observe and interpret a possible signal profile in the telescope. Given these new considerations, some light can be shed on the recent signal excess reported by the CACTUS experiment.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the workshop "The dark side of the Universe", Madrid, June 20-24, 2006
Regolamento ateniese per la protezione degli alberi sacri ad Apollo Erithaseos
Creators: name: Gubbiotti, Sara
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

The inscription is a religious regulation found in a suburb to the north-east of Athens, dated to the second half of the 4th century BC. The place of discovery corresponds to the location of an ancient attic deme. The purpose of the regulation was to protect the sacred grove of Apollo Erithaseos from cutting trees and collecting dead branches or leaves, and more generally from damaging plant elements. The punishment for the violators is different for slaves and for free men. The priest, together with the demarchos, has the legal right to impose a fine and perhaps, through the delivery of the name, the judicial procedure against the guilty continued according to the laws of the polis.

description: Axon
A Meta-embedding-based Ensemble Approach for ICD Coding Prediction
Creators: name: Rajendran, Pavithra
name: Zenonos, Alexandros
name: Spear, Josh
name: Pope, Rebecca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: International Classification of Diseases (ICD) are the de facto codes used globally for clinical coding. These codes enable healthcare providers to claim reimbursement and facilitate efficient storage and retrieval of diagnostic information. The problem of automatically assigning ICD codes has been approached in literature as a multilabel classification, using neural models on unstructured data. Our proposed approach enhances the performance of neural models by effectively training word vectors using routine medical data as well as external knowledge from scientific articles. Furthermore, we exploit the geometric properties of the two sets of word vectors and combine them into a common dimensional space, using meta-embedding techniques. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach for a multimodal setting, using unstructured and structured information. We empirically show that our approach improves the current state-of-the-art deep learning architectures and benefits ensemble models.
Longitudinal fluid dynamics for ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Satarov, L. M.
name: Mishustin, I. N.
name: Merdeev, A. V.
name: Stoecker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model for central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by implementing finite-size profiles for the initial energy density. The calculated rapidity distributions of pions, kaons and antiprotons in central Au+Au collisions at the c.m. energy 200 AGeV are compared with experimental data of the BRAHMS Collaboration. The sensitivity of the results to the choice of the equation of state, the parameters of initial state and the freeze-out conditions is investigated. Experimental constraints on the total energy of produced particles are used to reduce the number of model parameters. The best fits of experimental data are obtained for soft equations of state and Gaussian-like initial profiles of the energy density. It is found that initial energy densities required for fitting experimental data decrease with increasing critical temperature of the phase transition.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures; 4 figures and 12 references added
title: Process Intensification for the Recovery of Hydrogen Cyanide in the Andrussow Process
Creators: name: Lehrich, Luca
name: Adiche, Chafika
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: The aim of this work was to determine a cost‐optimal design of the distillation unit of the Andrussow process. For this purpose, a feed with a mass flow rate of 121 t h⁻¹ and a concentration of ca. 2 wt % hydrogen cyanide (HCN) was considered. An approach for a cost‐optimal process intensification was developed with the goal to achieve the desired product qualities, while minimizing the organonitrile accumulation in the column. For this purpose, the simple distillation column of the established cost‐optimal design of the base case was extended to a configuration with a side stripper with taking into consideration heat integration in the process. It was found that this new configuration allows a much smaller accumulation of organonitriles in the main column; reducing thereby the operation issues of the process while decreasing considerably the total annual cost of the distillation unit by 61 % as compared to that of the base case design.
title: The syntax of exceptives and exclamatives in Arabic
Creators: name: Albataineh, Hussein Hamid
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: This thesis examines the syntax of exceptive constructions and exclamative constructions in Arabic. The study of both types of constructions is significant as it raises questions for case theory, word order, agreement, negation, and the syntax-semantics interface. However, contra previous studies, this thesis argues that both exceptives and exclamatives are nonsentential phrases (i.e., ExP ‘Exceptive Phrases’ and ExclP ‘Exclamative Phrases’), and there is no evidence to analyze them as TPs or CPs; in fact, there is compelling counter-evidence. The morphosyntactic complexities in Arabic exceptives cast doubts on the adequacy of previous proposals in the literature and lead the thesis to argue for more principled accounts in which exceptive particles are the lexicalization of the functional head Ex which exists in two distinct environments. The first involves the full-fledged exP in which there are two different sources for theta-role and case assignment, and the second includes the functionally impoverished ExP in which one single source is available for both theta-role and case assignment. The thesis explains that the Ex-complement is assigned the accusative case only when the ExP is projected as a full-fledged exP. In the functionally impoverished ExP, a particular case is assigned on both the ExP-associate and the ExP-complement by PF-concord mechanism (i.e., Morphological Feature Copying). Furthermore, the thesis shows that free exceptives cannot include any maximal projection and cannot have greater distributional freedom than connected exceptives, contra previous studies. In brief, the thesis argues against an analysis in the light of coordination and ellipsis and maintains that Arabic exceptives are nonsententials. In a similar vein, the thesis argues that Arabic exclamatives (Excls) are also nonsententials; they are largely temporally deictic to the here and now, and they are anchored by the context rather than Tense (i.e., they lack the TP layer). Based on this assumption, the thesis argues that Excls are asymmetrical small clauses projected as ExclPs. This analysis accounts for the peculiarities and intricacies of the three types of Arabic Excls (i.e., Wh-Excls, vocative Excls, and verbal Excls) such as their inflexible word order, case alternation on the referent, and the presence of some particles and affixes although not semantically required. The analysis of Excls as nonsententials is argued to be more adequate as it is more closely associated with the defining properties of Excls (i.e., evaluation and referentiality), and also to be more convincing since even the presence of the copula kān ‘was’ cannot be considered as counterevidence. The thesis argues that it is the realization of the Excl head, rather than an auxiliary verb in V or T, as evidenced by its distinctive semantic and distributional properties.
Child-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices: Recent Works, New Dataset, and Age Detection
Creators: name: Tolosana, Ruben
name: Ruiz-Garcia, Juan Carlos
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Herreros-Rodriguez, Jaime
name: Romero-Tapiador, Sergio
name: Morales, Aythami
name: Fierrez, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article provides an overview of recent research in Child-Computer Interaction with mobile devices and describe our framework ChildCI intended for: i) overcoming the lack of large-scale publicly available databases in the area, ii) generating a better understanding of the cognitive and neuromotor development of children along time, contrary to most previous studies in the literature focused on a single-session acquisition, and iii) enabling new applications in e-Learning and e-Health through the acquisition of additional information such as the school grades and children's disorders, among others. Our framework includes a new mobile application, specific data acquisition protocols, and a first release of the ChildCI dataset (ChildCIdb v1), which is planned to be extended yearly to enable longitudinal studies. In our framework children interact with a tablet device, using both a pen stylus and the finger, performing different tasks that require different levels of neuromotor and cognitive skills. ChildCIdb is the first database in the literature that comprises more than 400 children from 18 months to 8 years old, considering therefore the first three development stages of the Piaget's theory. In addition, and as a demonstration of the potential of the ChildCI framework, we include experimental results for one of the many applications enabled by ChildCIdb: children age detection based on device interaction.
Polarized radiative transfer: two Monte Carlo codes versus integral equations
Creators: name: Freimanis Juris
name: Pezenkovs, Romans
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Post main sequence cool stars
radiative transfer
polarization
Monte Carlo

description: While modelling astronomical objects in general, and dust envelopes of cool stars in particular, only numerical solutions of radiative transfer equation (RTE) can give correct physical pictures of real, asymmetric objects. Naturally Monte Carlo method is the most frequently used technique for radiative transfer modelling, and there exist many various Monte Carlo radiative transfer codes within the astronomical community. We created our own Monte Carlo code for polarized radiative transfer modelling. Besides, we created computer code solving exact Fredholm integral equations for polarized source functions in homogeneous sphere with Rayleigh scattering and concentric spherical star inside it. We compared the modelled image of outcoming radiation (intensity, polarization degree and position angle) for three codes: our Monte Carlo code, RADMC3D by C.Dullemond et al., and the code based on integral equations. For optical radius of the scattering sphere being up to about 10, all three codes give similar results for single scattering albedo being in the interval from 0.466 to 1.0. The differences between codes slowly grow with growing optical radius. For single scattering albedo being very close to unity and optical radius equal to 10, statistical noise of polarization degree enhances in the central region of the observable disk, due to very small values of the polarization itself. If the optical radius of the scattering sphere exceeds 10 then the statistical noise of our code becomes too large for realistic total number of photon packages (about 10^9) and the corresponding computing time on our computer system. In such cases RADMC3D uses code acceleration through the diffusion approximation.
description: {"references": ["C.Dullemond. RADMC3D release 2.0. August 29, 2020. https://www.ita.uni-heidelberg.de/~dullemond/software/radmc-3d/", "M..I.Mishchenko, L.D.Travis, A.A.Lacis. Scattering, Absorption, and Emission of Light by Small Particles. \u2013 Cambridge University Press, 2002.", "M.Baes et al., Ap.J.Suppl., 2011, vol. 196, p.22.", "N.MacDonald, \"Galaxies\", 2016, vol. 4, Issue 4, p.50.", "D.V.Cotton et al., arXiv:1605.07742, 2016.", "P.Kervella et al., \"Astron. & Astrophys.\", 2015, vol. 578, A77."]}
Spectral Broadening of Radiation from Relativistic Collapsing Objects
Creators: name: Frolov, V.
name: Kim, K.
name: Lee, H. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study light curves and the spectral broadening of the radiation emitted during the finite interval of time by a surface of a collapsing object. We study a simplified model of monochromatic radiations from a spherical surface which is assumed to be falling freely. We discuss the possible way how to infer the physical parameters, such as the mass and radii of emission, from the light curves and spectral broadenings.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Typos are corrected and substantial parts of main text are rephrased for more better presentation. 1 reference is added
Emulating the impact of additional proton-proton interactions in the ATLAS simulation by pre-sampling sets of inelastic Monte Carlo events
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate simulation of additional interactions at the ATLAS experiment for the analysis of proton-proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider presents a significant challenge to the computing resources. During the LHC Run (2015-2018) there were up to 70 inelastic interactions per bunch crossing, which need to be accounted for in Monte Carlo (MC) production. In this document, a new method to account for these additional interactions in the simulation chain is described. Instead of sampling the inelastic interactions and adding their energy deposits to a hard-scatter interaction one-by-one, the inelastic interactions are presampled, independent of the hard scatter, and stored as combined events. Consequently, for each hard-scatter interaction only one such presampled event needs to be added as part of the simulation chain. For the Run 2 simulation chain, with an average of 35 interactions per bunch crossing, this new method provides a substantial reduction in MC production CPU needs of around 20%, while reproducing the properties of the reconstructed quantities relevant for physics analyses with good accuracy.
description: 52 pages in total, author list starting page 33, 18 figures, 0 tables, published by Computing and Software for Big Science. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SIMU-2020-01/
Oracolo di Dodona per Corciresi e Oricii
Creators: name: Intrieri, Maria
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

The lamella, found in the oracular sanctuary of Dodona, contains a public enquiry addressed by Corcyreans and Oricians to Zeus Naios and Diona. The enquiry belongs to the most widespread typology of requests in Dodona: those aimed at obtaining the indication of the divinities to whom it was better to offer prayers in order to obtain protection or support. It is not clear whether this was a periodic practice linked to the attention paid to obtain divine help in the domain of ritual action or to a specific decision matured by the two poleis while facing some adversity. It suggests, however, the existence of a close relationship – perhaps a sympoliteia – between Corcira and Orikos.

description: Axon