cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Voronoi based Fuzzy Recurrent Controllers
Creators: name: Kavka, Carlos
name: Roggero, Patricia
name: Schoenauer, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fuzzy controller is usually designed by formulating the knowledge of a human expert into a set of linguistic variables and fuzzy rules. Among the most successful methods to automate the fuzzy controllers development process are evolutionary algorithms. In this work, we propose the Recurrent Fuzzy Voronoi (RFV) model, a representation for recurrent fuzzy systems. It is an extension of the FV model proposed by Kavka and Schoenauer that extends the application domain to include temporal problems. The FV model is a representation for fuzzy controllers based on Voronoi diagrams that can represent fuzzy systems with synergistic rules, fulfilling the $ε$-completeness property and providing a simple way to introduce a priory knowledge. In the proposed representation, the temporal relations are embedded by including internal units that provide feedback by connecting outputs to inputs. These internal units act as memory elements. In the RFV model, the semantic of the internal units can be specified together with the a priori rules. The geometric interpretation of the rules allows the use of geometric variational operators during the evolution. The representation and the algorithms are validated in two problems in the area of system identification and evolutionary robotics.
Optimization-Based Visual-Inertial SLAM Tightly Coupled with Raw GNSS Measurements
Creators: name: Liu, Jinxu
name: Gao, Wei
name: Hu, Zhanyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unlike loose coupling approaches and the EKF-based approaches in the literature, we propose an optimization-based visual-inertial SLAM tightly coupled with raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, a first attempt of this kind in the literature to our knowledge. More specifically, reprojection error, IMU pre-integration error and raw GNSS measurement error are jointly minimized within a sliding window, in which the asynchronism between images and raw GNSS measurements is accounted for. In addition, issues such as marginalization, noisy measurements removal, as well as tackling vulnerable situations are also addressed. Experimental results on public dataset in complex urban scenes show that our proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art visual-inertial SLAM, GNSS single point positioning, as well as a loose coupling approach, including scenes mainly containing low-rise buildings and those containing urban canyons.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. Accepted by ICRA 2021
Single spin asymmetries in hadron-hadron collisions
Creators: name: Bacchetta, A.
name: Bomhof, C. J.
name: Mulders, P. J.
name: Pijlman, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study weighted azimuthal single spin asymmetries in hadron-hadron scattering using the diagrammatic approach at leading order and assuming factorization. The effects of the intrinsic transverse momenta of the partons are taken into account. We show that the way in which $T$-odd functions, such as the Sivers function, appear in these processes does not merely involve a sign flip when compared with semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, such as in the case of the Drell-Yan process. Expressions for the weighted scattering cross sections in terms of distribution and fragmentation functions folded with hard cross sections are obtained by introducing modified hard cross sections, referred to as gluonic pole cross sections.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures; minor text modifications and some additional references
Dataupload.xlsx
Creators: name: Liu, Quancheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510899
subject: Quantum physics not elsewhere classified

description: The data for the article Floquet Parity-Time Symmetry in Integrated Photonics, Figs. 2(c,d,f) and Fig. 4(b).
Effects of Alloying Elements on Surface Oxides of Hot-Dip Galvanized Press Hardened Steel
Creators: name: Gaderbauer, Wolfgang
name: Arndt, Martin
name: Truglas, Tia
name: Steck, Thomas
name: Klingner, Nico
name: Stifter, David
name: Faderl, Josef
name: Groiss, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of steel alloying elements on the formation of the surface oxide layer of hot-dip galvanized press hardened steel after austenitization annealing were examined with various advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. The main oxides on top of the original thin Al2O3 layer, originating from the primary galvanizing process, are identified as ZnO and (Mn,Zn)Mn2O4 spinel. For some of the investigated steel alloys, a non-uniform, several nanometer thick Cr enriched, additional film was found at the Al2O3 layer. At a sufficiently high concentration, Cr can act as a substitute for Al during annealing, strengthening and regenerating the original Al2O3 layer with Cr2O3. Further analysis with secondary ion mass spectrometry allowed a reliable distinction between ZnO and Zn(OH)2.
HEALTH TRADEOFFS IN PESTICIDE REGULATION
Creators: name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Sunding, David L.
name: Zilberman, David
name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Sunding, David L.
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Health Economics and Policy

description: EPA has the authority to ban pesticides to reduce health risks to consumers from food residues. Such bans influence the price of fruits and vegetables, and the resulting consumption shifts impact consumer health. We develop a framework to compare the direct and indirect health effects of pesticide regulation, and investigate the distribution of these effects across social groups. Under some plausible scenarios, the increased incidence of disease from reduced fruit and vegetable consumption outweigh the direct benefits of regulation. Furthermore, high income consumers receive the greatest direct health benefit from pesticide cancellations, whereas low and medium income consumers are most hurt by the resulting dietary changes.
Quantum-classical correspondence on compact phase space
Creators: name: Horvat, Martin
name: Prosen, Tomaz
name: Esposti, Mirko Degli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to study the $L^2$-norm distance between classical and quantum phase space distributions, where for the latter we choose the Wigner function, as a global phase space indicator of quantum-classical correspondence. For example, this quantity should provide a key to understand the correspondence between quantum and classical Loschmidt echoes. We concentrate on fully chaotic systems with compact (finite) classical phase space. By means of numerical simulations and heuristic arguments we find that the quantum-classical fidelity stays at one up to Ehrenfest-type time scale, which is proportional to the logarithm of effective Planck constant, and decays exponentially with a maximal classical Lyapunov exponent, after that time.
description: 26 pages. 9 figures (31 .epz files), submitted to Nonlinearity
Band-selective third-harmonic generation in superconducting MgB$_2$: Possible evidence for Higgs amplitude mode in the dirty limit
Creators: name: Kovalev, Sergey
name: Dong, Tao
name: Shi, Li-Yu
name: Reinhoffer, Chris
name: Xu, Tie-Quan
name: Wang, Hong-Zhang
name: Wang, Yue
name: Gan, Zi-Zhao
name: Germanskiy, Semyon
name: Deinert, Jan-Christoph
name: Ilyakov, Igor
name: van Loosdrecht, Paul H. M.
name: Wu, Dong
name: Wang, Nan-Lin
name: Demsar, Jure
name: Wang, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on time-resolved linear and nonlinear terahertz spectroscopy of the two-band superconductor MgB$_2$ with the superconducting transition temperature $T_c \approx 36$ K. Third-harmonic generation (THG) is observed below $T_c$ by driving the system with intense narrowband THz pulses. For the pump-pulse frequencies $f=$ 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 THz, temperature-dependent evolution of the THG signals exhibits a resonance maximum at the temperatures with the resonance conditions $2f=2Δ_π(T)$ fulfilled, for the dirty-limit superconducting gap $2Δ_π$. In contrast, for $f=$ 0.6 and 0.7 THz with $2f>2Δ_π(T\rightarrow0)=1.03$ THz, the THG intensity increases monotonically with decreasing temperature. Moreover, for $2f<2Δ_π(T\rightarrow0)$ the THG is found nearly isotropic with respect to the pump-pulse polarization. These results suggest a predominant contribution of the driven Higgs amplitude mode of the dirty-limit $π$-band superconducting gap, pointing to the importance of scattering for observation of the Higgs mode in superconductors.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
DOES GENERIC ADVERTISING WRAP DEMAND CURVATURE?
Creators: name: Weaver, Robert D.
name: Chin, Ming-Chin
name: Weaver, Robert D.
name: Chin, Ming-Chin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper reconsiders the impacts of generic advertising on commodity prices that may be induced through demand effects. Rather than considering a simple demand shift, we consider the possibility that advertising leads to a change in the curvature of the demand curve. In this case, generic advertising is shown to affect both the level of market prices as well as their volatility. Based on parametric tests, we find that the demand elasticity appears to be affected by the intensity of generic advertising. In addition, we find evidence that generic advertising affects the curvature of the demand curve. We examine the implications of these findings for the price of beef. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that generic advertising enhances price level, while reducing price volatility. The latter result follows from evidence generic advertising increases the convexity of the demand curve with respect to price. The result suggests that generic advertising may provide a mechanism for stabilizing prices. The results also suggest that at any point in time, the effects of generic advertising can be decomposed into a shift and "twist" or curvature change. We present this decomposition and note that it implies the existence of a threshold price. At prices above this threshold, generic advertising will decrease the price elasticity of demand, while below this threshold, generic advertising will increase the price elasticity. This result suggests clearly that the demand effects of generic advertising are price dependent. The extent of this effect deserves further examination though findings in this paper strongly motivate further study.
Origins of the 1/4 keV Soft X-Ray Background
Creators: name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Vaillancourt, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Snowden and coworkers have presented a model for the 1/4 keV soft X-ray diffuse background in which the observed flux is dominated by a ~ 10^6 K thermal plasma located in a 100-300 pc diameter bubble surrounding the Sun, but has significant contributions from a very patchy Galactic halo. Halo emission provides about 11% of the total observed flux and is responsible for half of the H I anticorrelation. The remainder of the anticorrelation is presumably produced by displacement of disk H I by the varying extent of the local hot bubble (LHB). The ROSAT R1 and R2 bands used for this work had the unique spatial resolution and statistical precision required for separating the halo and local components, but provide little spectral information. Some consistency checks had been made with older observations at lower X-ray energies, but we have made a careful investigation of the extent to which the model is supported by existing sounding rocket data in the Be (73-111 eV) and B bands (115-188 eV) where the sensitivities to the model are qualitatively different from the ROSAT bands. We conclude that the two-component model is well supported by the low-energy data. We find that these combined observations of the local component may be consistent with single-temperature thermal emission models in collisional ionization equilibrium if depleted abundances are assumed. However, different model implementations give significantly different results, offering little support for the conclusion that the astrophysical situation is so simple.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
THE DESIGN AND PRICING OF FIXED AND MOVING WINDOW CONTRACTS: AN APPLICATION OF ASIAN-BASKET OPTION PRICING METHODS TO THE HOG FINISHING SECTOR
Creators: name: Shao, Renyuan
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Shao, Renyuan
name: Roe, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Asian-Basket type moving window contracts are an increasingly used risk management tool in US hog sector. The moving window contract is decomposed into a portfolio of a long Asian-Basket put and a short Asian-Basket call option. A projected breakeven price is used to determine the floor price, and then Monte Carlo simulation methods are used to price both a moving and a fixed window contract. These methods provide unbiased pricing of fixed and moving window hog finishing contracts of one-year duration.
Söderblom, Nathan, Der lebendige Gott im Zeugnis der Religionsgeschichte
Creators: name: Krüger
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 16 Nr. 4 (1967): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 16, Heft 4
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF JOINT DECISION ON FOOD STAMP PROGRAM, TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES AND LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
Creators: name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: This study examines the interactions between participation in the Food Stamp program (FSP) and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) with respect to participation, provides a model of joint decisions made by households on FSP, TANF, and labor force participation, and explains why the households choose different alternatives.
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSACTIONS COSTS, AND MARKETED SURPLUS IN KENYA
Creators: name: Renkow, Mitch
name: Hallstrom, Daniel G.
name: Karanja, Daniel David
name: Renkow, Mitch
name: Hallstrom, Daniel G.
name: Karanja, Daniel David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We develop a conceptual framework for quantifying fixed transactions costs facing semisubsistence households. Using household survey data from a sample of 324 Kenyan maize farmers, we generate estimates of household supply and demand schedules, as well as the price bands that they face. Our econometric results indicate that on average the ad valorem tax equivalent of the fixed transactions costs facing the households in our sample is 28%. Additional analysis indicates that both remoteness and infrastructure quality have significant impacts on the size of the transactions costs facing farm households. To the best of our knowledge, ours are the first empirical estimates of the magnitude of transactions costs.
Orbital and spin variability of the Intermediate Polar BG CMi
Creators: name: Kim, Y. G.
name: Andronov, I. L.
name: Park, S. S.
name: Jeon, Y. -B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of a CCD study of the variability of the cataclysmic variable BG CMi obtained at the Korean 1.8m telescope in 2002-2005 are presented. The "multi-comparison star" method had been applied for better accuracy estimates. The linear ephemeris based on 19 mean maxima for 2002--2005 is HJD 2453105.31448(6)+0.01057257716(198)(E-764707). The period differs from that predicted by the quadratic ephemeris by Pych et al. (1996) leading to a possible cycle miscount. The statistically optimal ephemeris is a fourth-order polynomial, as a quadratic or even a cubic ephemeris leads to unaceptably large residuals: Min.HJD=$ 2445020.28095(28)+0.0105729609(57)E -1.58(32)\cdot10^{-13}E^2-5.81(64)\cdot10^{-19}E^3+4.92(41)\cdot10^{-25}E^4.$ Thus the rate of the spin-up of the white dwarf is decreasing. An alternative explanation is that the spin-up has been stopped during recent years. The deviations between the amplutudes of the spin variability in V and R, as well as between phases are not statistically significant. However, the orbital light curves exhibit distinct difference; the corresponding color index shows a nearly sinusoidal shape with a maximum at orbital phase $\sim0.2.$ The variations of the amplitude of spin waves shows a short maximum at the phase of the orbital dip. The corrected ephemeris for orbital minima is Min.HJD=$2448368.7225(12)+0\fd13474841(6)\cdot(E-24849)$ with a narrow dip occuring 0.07P later. The rate of the spin period variation seems to be changed, justifying the necessity of regular observations of intermediate polars.
description: 13 pages, 9figures, accepted in 2005 issue of Astronomy and Astrophysics
A Precise Photometric Ratio via Laser Excitation of the Sodium Layer II: Two-photon Excitation Using Lasers Detuned from 589.16 nm and 819.71 nm Resonances
Creators: name: Albert, J.
name: Budker, D.
name: Chance, K.
name: Gordon, I. E.
name: Bustos, F. Pedreros
name: Pospelov, M.
name: Rochester, S. M.
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is the second in a pair of articles on the topic of the generation of a two-color artificial star (which we term a "laser photometric ratio star," or LPRS) of de-excitation light from neutral sodium atoms in the mesosphere, for use in precision telescopic measurements in astronomy and atmospheric physics, and more specifically for the calibration of measurements of dark energy using type Ia supernovae. The two techniques respectively described in both this and the previous article would each generate an LPRS with a precisely 1:1 ratio of yellow (589/590 nm) photons to near-infrared (819/820 nm) photons produced in the mesosphere. Both techniques would provide novel mechanisms for establishing a spectrophotometric calibration ratio of unprecedented precision, from above most of Earth's atmosphere, for upcoming telescopic observations across astronomy and atmospheric physics. The technique described in this article has the advantage of producing a much brighter (specifically, brighter by approximately a factor of 1000) LPRS, using lower-power (<30 W average power) lasers, than the technique using a single 500 W average power laser described in the first article of this pair. However, the technique described here would require polarization filters to be installed into the telescope camera in order to sufficiently remove laser atmospheric Rayleigh backscatter from telescope images, whereas the technique described in the first article would only require more typical wavelength filters in order to sufficiently remove laser Rayleigh backscatter.
description: The first article in this pair of articles is at arXiv:2001.10958 . This article has 15 pages and 3 figures. Both articles are published in MNRAS
Revenue Insurance and Chemical Input Use Rates
Creators: name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Using farm level data and a simultaneous probit model we evaluate the input use and environmental effects of revenue insurance. A priori, the moral hazard effect on input use is indeterminate and this study empirically assesses the input use impact of the increasingly popular, and federally subsidized, risk management instrument of revenue insurance. We conclude that the moral hazard effect of federally subsidized revenue insurance products induces U.S. wheat farmers to increase expenditures on pesticides and reduce expenditures on fertilizers.
Performance of an anaerobic–oxic–anoxic (AOA) system in the simultaneous removal of nutrients and triclosan and bacterial community
Creators: name: Franzoni, Ruana Mendonça
name: Bernardelli, Jossy Karla Brasil
name: Silveira, Daniele Damasceno
name: Gomes, Simone Damasceno
name: Lapolli, Flávio Rubens
name: de Carvalho, Karina Querne
name: Passig, Fernando Hermes
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The constant presence of triclosan (TCS) in surface water and wastewater has been verified due to its application in several pharmaceutical and personal care products. Thus, removing this emerging contaminant is essential to minimize the contamination of water bodies. The anaerobic–aerobic-anoxic (AOA) system is an innovative alternative that combines the removal of nutrients and triclosan. This study focuses on the simultaneous removal of carbonaceous matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and triclosan in a continuous pilot-scale AOA system from synthetic wastewater. The upflow system, in series, was operated at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 h and a flowrate of 2.40 L h−1. Glucose (190 mg L−1) was added to the anoxic reactor as the external carbon source. Besides that, bacterial community structure was investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing in each reactor. The system achieved average removal efficiencies of 96% (14.03 g d−1) for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 85% (2.64 g d−1) for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), 88% (1.40 g d−1) for Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN), 20% (0.12 g d−1) for Total Phosphorus (TP), and 93% (1.87 μg d−1) for Triclosan (TCS). The phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi were found in greater abundance. The main genera identified were Anaeromusa, Aeromonas, Azospira, Clostridium, and Lactococcus. The organisms related to phylum and genus corroborate the involved processes and the removal performance achieved. In addition, Lactococcus, Thermomonas, Ferruginibacter, and Dechloromonas were involved in triclosan biodegradation. The anaerobic-oxic–anoxic system successfully removed carbonaceous, nitrogenous matter, and triclosan, with glucose increasing the denitrifying activity.
Bayesian Low Rank Tensor Ring Model for Image Completion
Creators: name: Long, Zhen
name: Zhu, Ce
name: Liu, Jiani
name: Liu, Yipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low rank tensor ring model is powerful for image completion which recovers missing entries in data acquisition and transformation. The recently proposed tensor ring (TR) based completion algorithms generally solve the low rank optimization problem by alternating least squares method with predefined ranks, which may easily lead to overfitting when the unknown ranks are set too large and only a few measurements are available. In this paper, we present a Bayesian low rank tensor ring model for image completion by automatically learning the low rank structure of data. A multiplicative interaction model is developed for the low-rank tensor ring decomposition, where core factors are enforced to be sparse by assuming their entries obey Student-T distribution. Compared with most of the existing methods, the proposed one is free of parameter-tuning, and the TR ranks can be obtained by Bayesian inference. Numerical Experiments, including synthetic data, color images with different sizes and YaleFace dataset B with respect to one pose, show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art ones, especially in terms of recovery accuracy.
Highly Dilute Gas Flows Through A Non-Isothermal Planar Micro-Channel
Creators: name: Cai, Shiying
name: Cai, Chunpei
name: Li, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports theoretical and numerical investigations on free molecular gas flows through micro-channels. Both diffusely and specularly reflective channel surfaces are considered. Gaskinetic methods are adopted to develop the analytical solutions for surface and flowfield properties. The crucial steps include constructing the velocity distribution functions (VDFs) for points at the plate surfaces and inside flowfield, and then completing the integration over the related velocity phases. For diffusely reflective surfaces, the VDFs are related to the densities and temperatures at the two exits and the plate temperatures. For surfaces with specular reflections, the VDFs at the plate surface and inside the flowfield are identical, and independent of the surface temperature ratio and the geometric aspect ratio. Based on the VDFs and velocity phases, surface property coefficients (e.g., C_p, C_f, and C_q) and flowfield properties (e.g., density, velocity components, and temperature) are obtained. For the diffusely reflective surface scenario, the mass flow rate can be approximated and the results include four non-dimensional parameters: the aspect ratio, the density ratio, and two temperature ratios. For specularly reflective surface scenario, the surface and flowfield properties are uniform everywhere, the channel aspect ratio and plate temperatures do not have any influence. Particle simulations with the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method are performed, and essentially identical results validate the theoretical work. This work is heuristic and can be used to investigate less rarefied micro-channel gaseous flows, for example, aid experimental measurement design for thermal transpiration flows.
RISK MANAGEMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT: IMPACTS AT THE INTENSIVE AND EXTENSIVE MARGINS
Creators: name: Soule, Meredith J.
name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Mullarkey, Daniel J.
name: Soule, Meredith J.
name: Nimon, R. Wesley
name: Mullarkey, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Risk management programs, such as subsidized crop insurance, affect production decisions at both the intensive (input use) and extensive(land use) margins. The production decisions in turn affect the environment. This paper reviews and synthesizes the literature linking risk management policies and environmental outcomes and points to future research needs.
STOCHASTIC PRODUCTION AND HETEROGENEOUS RISK PREFERENCES: COMMERCIAL FISHERS' GEAR CHOICE
Creators: name: Eggert, Hakan
name: Tveteras, Ragnar
name: Eggert, Hakan
name: Tveteras, Ragnar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: As long as total effort cannot be completely controlled, a more thorough understanding of fishers' supply response decisions will be beneficial for fisheries managers. In this paper, we present a model of fishers' gear choice, which is empirically estimated on a panel of Swedish demersal trawlers. The approach allows for heterogeneity both in production technology and in risk preferences. Stochastic revenue functions with fixed effects are estimated and used to predict expected revenue and standard deviation for each trip. We employ a linear utility function in the mean-standard deviation framework and then analyze the gear choices, using the predicted values together with vessel capacity and lagged variables for the previous trip in a random parameters- logit model, which allow for heterogeneous preferences. The results indicate that fishers have a strong tendency to choose the same gear used on the previous trip, while in general they react to changes in economic and biological conditions by responding positively to increases in expected landing and negatively to increases in the variability of the expected landing values, indicating risk aversion.
Characteristics of nitrogen flow and its environmental effects in the Yellow River Basin, China
Creators: name: Zhao, Yongqiang
name: Yang, Shuoguo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: In large river basins, the nitrogen (N) cycle is largely regulated by complicated interactions between human and natural elements. Nevertheless, the origins, fate and driving forces of reactive nitrogen (Nr) flows in the basins are still not clear. An estimation model of N flux was established for evaluating the Nr flow and its environmental effects in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province (HYRB) by means of material flow analysis. Total N input and output of HYRB were calculated at 4090.9 and 3948.8 Gg N yr−1, causing 142.0 Gg yr−1 of N stored in the basin. Industry, cropland and residential activities, respectively occupied for 42.2%, 23.2% and 12.3% of the whole input, as well as 43.6%, 25.1% and 12.3% of the whole output, which were central to HYRB’s N cycle. Anthropogenic activities regulated above 95.0% of total inputs, and 49.5% of N outputs was emitted into the air and 4.5% into hydrosphere. High N input, energy intensive, imperfect sewage disposal facilities and low N utilization efficiency were the main reasons of contaminate. How to effectively regulate the input of high-strength N pollutant associated with insufficient N cycling and Nr elimination is the main issue in the Yellow River Basin. In present research also put forward corresponding control measures according to the evaluation of N flow and Nr release of HYRB. The research can supply science foundation for coordinating the human–environment relationship in large basins, and also has important reference significance for the formulation of Nr emission reduction strategies.
Observation of Macroscopic Structural Fluctuations in bcc Solid 4He
Creators: name: Pelleg, O.
name: Shay, M.
name: Lipson, S. G.
name: Polturak, E.
name: Bossy, J.
name: Marmeggi, J. C.
name: Kentaro, H.
name: Farhi, E.
name: Stunault, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report neutron diffraction studies of low density bcc and hcp solid 4He. In the bcc phase, we observed a continuous dynamical behaviour involving macroscopic structural changes of the solid. The dynamical behaviour takes place in a cell full of solid, and therefore represents a solidsolid transformation. The structural changes are consistent with a gradual rotation of macroscopic grains separated by low angle grain boundaries. We suggest that these changes are triggered by random momentary vibrations of the experimental system. An analysis of Laue diffraction patterns indicates that in some cases these structural changes, once initiated by a momentary impulse, seem to proceed at a constant rate over times approaching an hour. The energy associated with these macroscopic changes appears to be on the order of kT. Under similar conditions (temperature and pressure), these effects were absent in the hcp phase.
description: 14 pages, 6 figure, accepted for PRB
Advanced Python Performance Monitoring with Score-P
Creators: name: Gocht, Andreas
name: Schöne, Robert
name: Frenzel, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Within the last years, Python became more prominent in the scientific community and is now used for simulations, machine learning, and data analysis. All these tasks profit from additional compute power offered by parallelism and offloading. In the domain of High Performance Computing (HPC), we can look back to decades of experience exploiting different levels of parallelism on the core, node or inter-node level, as well as utilising accelerators. By using performance analysis tools to investigate all these levels of parallelism, we can tune applications for unprecedented performance. Unfortunately, standard Python performance analysis tools cannot cope with highly parallel programs. Since the development of such software is complex and error-prone, we demonstrate an easy-to-use solution based on an existing tool infrastructure for performance analysis. In this paper, we describe how to apply the established instrumentation framework \scorep to trace Python applications. We finish with a study of the overhead that users can expect for instrumenting their applications.
Influence of permeating ions on Kv1.5 channel block by nifedipine
Creators: name: Lin, Shunping
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Nifedipine antagonizes current flow through both cardiovascular L-type Ca2+ channels and voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels. Work from our lab has shown that nifedipine blocks human heart Kv1.5 current when channels are expressed in HEK cells, and an open channel block mechanism was suggested. Here, the potency of nifedipine block of K+, Rb+, and Cs+ currents was investigated, and found to be different with Kd's of 7.3, 16.0, and 26.9 µM, respectively, when internal and external K+ were replaced with equimolar Rb+ or Cs+ . The voltage-dependence of block was unaffected and block with all three ions conformed to a single binding site block model. Varying ion species at the intracellular and extracellular sides of the channel, and using a non-conducting W472F-Kv1.5 mutant, demonstrated that block was conditioned by the ion permeating the pore, and to a lesser extent by the extracellular ion species alone. In Kv1.5 the outer pore mutant R487V reduced nifedipine potency close to that of Kv4.2, and other Kv channels with an equivalent valine. Although changing this residue can affect C-type inactivation of Kv channels, the normalized reduction and time course of currents blocked by nifedipine in 5, 135, and 300 mM K+0 was the same. Similarly, a mean recovery time constant from nifedipine block of 316 ms was unchanged (332 ms) after 5 s prepulses to allow C-type inactivation. This is consistent with the conclusion that nifedipine block and C-type inactivation in the Kv1.5 channel can coexist, but are mediated by distinct mechanisms coordinated by outer pore conformation. [Scientific formulae used in this abstract could not be reproduced.]
The SL synchronous language, revisited
Creators: name: Amadio, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We revisit the SL synchronous programming model introduced by Boussinot and De Simone (IEEE, Trans. on Soft. Eng., 1996). We discuss an alternative design of the model including thread spawning and recursive definitions and we explore some basic properties of the revised model: determinism, reactivity, CPS translation to a tail recursive form, computational expressivity, and a compositional notion of program equivalence.
Constraining age and metallicity of bulges embedded in low surface brightness galaxies
Creators: name: Galaz, G.
name: Infante, L.
name: Villalobos, A.
name: Dalcanton, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from deep Magellan and VLT long slit optical spectroscopy for a sample of 19 face-on low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) selected from the sample of Galaz et al. (2002). In particular, we compute Lick/IDS indices for the light emitted by the bulges hosted by these galaxies. Similar procedure is performed for a sample of 14 face-on high surface brightness sample from the sample of Peletier & Balcells (1996). Results indicate that bulges of LSBGs are metal poorer, compared to those hosted by HSBGs, supporting the hypothesis that stellar formation rates have been stable low during the lifetime of these galaxies. We compare our results with those of Bergmann, Jorgensen & Hill (2003).
description: 4 pages. To appear in the proceedings of: "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas-Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data", Heidelberg, 4-8 Oct. 2004, eds. C.C. Popescu and R.J. Tuffs, AIP Conf. Ser., in press
Performance of an anaerobic-oxic-anoxic (AOA) system in the simultaneous removal of nutrients and triclosan and bacterial community
Creators: name: Franzoni, Ruana Mendonça
name: Bernardelli, Jossy Karla Brasil
name: Silveira, Daniele Damasceno
name: Gomes, Simone Damasceno
name: Lapolli, Flávio Rubens
name: de Carvalho, Karina Querne
name: Passig, Fernando Hermes
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The constant presence of triclosan (TCS) in surface water and wastewater has been verified due to its application in several pharmaceutical and personal care products. Thus, removing this emerging contaminant is essential to minimize the contamination of water bodies. The anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic (AOA) system is an innovative alternative that combines the removal of nutrients and triclosan. This study focuses on the simultaneous removal of carbonaceous matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and triclosan in a continuous pilot-scale AOA system from synthetic wastewater. The upflow system, in series, was operated at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 h and a flowrate of 2.40 L h-1. Glucose (190 mg L-1) was added to the anoxic reactor as the external carbon source. Besides that, bacterial community structure was investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing in each of the reactors. The system achieved average removal efficiencies of 96% (14.03 g d-1) for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 85% (2.64 g d-1) for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), 88% (1.40 g d-1) for Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN), 20% (0.12 g d-1) for Total Phosphorus (TP), and 93% (1.87 μg d-1) for Triclosan (TCS). The phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi were found in greater abundance. The main genera identified were Anaeromusa, Aeromonas, Azospira, Clostridium, and Lactococcus. The organisms related to phylum and genus corroborate the involved processes and the removal performance achieved. In addition, Lactococcus, Thermomonas, Ferruginibacter, and Dechloromonas were involved in triclosan biodegradation. The anaerobic-oxic–anoxic system successfully removed carbonaceous, nitrogenous matter, and triclosan, with glucose increasing the denitrifying activity.
Calibration of Elastoplastic Constitutive Model Parameters from Full-field Data with Automatic Differentiation-based Sensitivities
Creators: name: Seidl, Daniel Thomas
name: Granzow, Brian Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a framework for calibration of parameters in elastoplastic constitutive models that is based on the use of automatic differentiation (AD). The model calibration problem is posed as a partial differential equation-constrained optimization problem where a finite element (FE) model of the coupled equilibrium equation and constitutive model evolution equations serves as the constraint. The objective function quantifies the mismatch between the displacement predicted by the FE model and full-field digital image correlation data, and the optimization problem is solved using gradient-based optimization algorithms. Forward and adjoint sensitivities are used to compute the gradient at considerably less cost than its calculation from finite difference approximations. Through the use of AD, we need only to write the constraints in terms of AD objects, where all of the derivatives required for the forward and inverse problems are obtained by appropriately seeding and evaluating these quantities. We present three numerical examples that verify the correctness of the gradient, demonstrate the AD approach's parallel computation capabilities via application to a large-scale FE model, and highlight the formulation's ease of extensibility to other classes of constitutive models.
PLANT ENTRY AND EXIT FROM THE MEATPACKING INDUSTRY DURING PATHOGEN REDUCTION AND HACCP IMPLEMENTATION
Creators: name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Karns, Shawn A.
name: Muth, Mary K.
name: Anderson, Donald W.
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Karns, Shawn A.
name: Muth, Mary K.
name: Anderson, Donald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Implementation of the Pathogen Reduction and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (PR/HACCP) regulations has now occurred across all U.S. meat and poultry plants. Using databases of plants under federal inspection, we estimate a probit model to determine which factors have affected the probability of exit of meat slaughtering plants during implementation of the regulations.
Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum gravity is expected to be necessary in order to understand situations where classical general relativity breaks down. In particular in cosmology one has to deal with initial singularities, i.e. the fact that the backward evolution of a classical space-time inevitably comes to an end after a finite amount of proper time. This presents a breakdown of the classical picture and requires an extended theory for a meaningful description. Since small length scales and high curvatures are involved, quantum effects must play a role. Not only the singularity itself but also the surrounding space-time is then modified. One particular realization is loop quantum cosmology, an application of loop quantum gravity to homogeneous systems, which removes classical singularities. Its implications can be studied at different levels. Main effects are introduced into effective classical equations which allow to avoid interpretational problems of quantum theory. They give rise to new kinds of early universe phenomenology with applications to inflation and cyclic models. To resolve classical singularities and to understand the structure of geometry around them, the quantum description is necessary. Classical evolution is then replaced by a difference equation for a wave function which allows to extend space-time beyond classical singularities. One main question is how these homogeneous scenarios are related to full loop quantum gravity, which can be dealt with at the level of distributional symmetric states. Finally, the new structure of space-time arising in loop quantum gravity and its application to cosmology sheds new light on more general issues such as time.
description: 104 pages, 10 figures; online version, containing 6 movies, available at http://relativity.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrr-2005-11/
AN ANALYSIS OF CONGESTION MEASURES AND HETEROGENEOUS ANGLER PREFERENCES IN A RANDOM UTILITY MODEL OF RECREATIONAL FISHING
Creators: name: Schuhmann, Peter W.
name: Schwabe, Kurt A.
name: Easley, James E.
name: Schuhmann, Peter W.
name: Schwabe, Kurt A.
name: Easley, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The potential importance of congestion effects on the management and rationing of recreational facilities and services in the presence of heterogeneous preferences were highlighted nearly twenty-five years ago by Freeman and Haveman (1977). While there have been a number of theoretical models extending and expanding upon this work (McConnell 1988; Anderson 1993), empirical research evaluating such impacts are limited. Evidence of the potential impacts of congestion on resource usage is of obvious importance, especially for natural resource managers who understand that congestion can be an effective rationing device and because users likely differ in both their preferences for use and aversion to congestion. It is the objective of this research to compare alternative measures of congestion for explaining site choice within a random utility modeling framework. Furthermore, we investigate how these congestion measures impact site choice and per trip willingness to pay for stock enhancements when anglers are perceived to differ in their fishing objectives.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCE: THE CASE OF SKIPJACK FISHERY IN THE WESTERN-CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN
Creators: name: Naito, Toyokazu
name: Naito, Toyokazu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A dynamic Cournot game model is used to predict the strategic behavior of harvesters engaged in a non-cooperative fishery on a common property resource. The model predicts that an increase in the current number of harvesters in a common property fishery will reduce both the equilibrium harvest level and the current resource rent for the individual harvester. Also, an increase in the future number of harvesters increases both two equilibrium levels. These predictions are tested using data from the Japanese skipjack fishery in the Western-central Pacific Ocean. The empirical results on the effect of changes in the current and future numbers of harvesters on the individual harvest rates and resource rent are consistent with theory.
THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVE MANURE MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS ON HOG FARMS IN THE HEARTLAND: AN INDIVIDUAL-FARM ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Magleby, Richard S.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Magleby, Richard S.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A whole-farm modeling approach applied to survey data was used to assess the economic impacts on Heartland hog farms of alternative manure management regulations on manure application. Results showed differential economic impacts on the hog operations. Many large farms (over 2,500 hogs) had to lease additional land to meet restrictions on manure phosphorous application, with reductions in net crop returns exceeding those of medium size operations (750-2,500 hogs). Feeding hogs a phytase diet to lessen phosphorous in manure reduced the additional land needed and moderated the increase in manure application costs, but net crop returns still dropped for most operations.