cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: case series
Creators: name: ELVIRA RUIZ, PASCUAL
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Acute
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe predisposing factors and neurological manifestations related to PRES. To elucidate the main hypothesis regarding PRES pathophysiology. To distinguish the different image patterns and atypical imagen findings described in PRES. To report...
Competition of a nectar-robbing bumble bee with a legitimate forager and its consequences for female reproductive success of Fuchsia magellanica
Creators: name: Rosenberger, Nick Martin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: competition
subject: mutualism
subject: Pollination
subject: nectar robbing
subject: antagonism
subject: density-dependence
subject: Invasive species
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In pollination systems, competition can cause floral visitors to adopt behaviors at high densities that may antagonize floral reproduction. I evaluated the density-dependence of nectar robbing by a short-tongued bumble bee, Bombus terrestris, and its consequences for both competition with an effective pollinator, Bombus dahlbomii, and female reproduction by the shrub Fuchsia magellanica. Daily sampling documented an abrupt, density-dependent transition from no robbing to almost exclusive robbing by B. terrestris. Robbing facilitated flower visitation by B. terrestris while aggravating its competition with B. dahlbomii. Nectar depletion and flower damage caused by robbing reduced pollen receipt by F. magellanica flowers, depressed pollen-tube success and reduced fruit quantity and quality. This research demonstrates that by modifying floral conditions to suit their foraging needs nectar robbers can gain a competitive advantage over effective pollinators, possibly promoting their long-term decline, while also compromising reproduction by the affected plant species.
A New Route to Fluorescent SWNT/Silica Nanocomposites: Balancing Fluorescence Intensity and Environmental Sensitivity
Creators: name: Duque, Juan G.
name: Gupta, Gautam
name: Cognet, Laurent
name: Lounis, Brahim
name: Doorn, Stephen K.
name: Dattelbaum, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship between photoluminescence (PL) intensity and environmental sensitivity of surfactant-wrapped single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). SWNTs were studied under a variety of conditions in suspension as well as encapsulated in silica nanocomposites, which were prepared by an efficient chemical vapor into liquids (CViL) sol-gel process. The dramatically improved silica encapsulation process described here has several advantages, including fast preparation and high SWNT loading concentration, over other encapsulation methods used to prepare fluorescent SWNT/silica nanocomposites. Further, addition of glycerol to SWNT suspensions prior to performing the CViL sol-gel process allows for the preparation of freestanding fluorescent silica xerogels, which to the best of our knowledge is the first report of such nanocomposites. Our spectroscopic data on SWNTs suspended in aqueous surfactants or encapsulated in silica show that achieving maximum PL intensity results in decreased sensitivity of SWNT emission response to changes imparted by the local environment. In addition, silica encapsulation can be used to "lock-in" a surfactant micelle structure surrounding SWNTs to minimize interactions between SWNTs and ions/small molecules. Ultimately, our work demonstrates that one should consider a balance between maximum PL intensity and the ability to sense environmental changes when designing new SWNT systems for future sensing applications.
From scalar fields on quantum spaces to blobbed topological recursion
Creators: name: Branahl, Johannes
name: Grosse, Harald
name: Hock, Alexander
name: Wulkenhaar, Raimar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the construction of the $λϕ^4$-model on noncommutative geometries via exact solutions of Dyson-Schwinger equations and explain how this construction relates via (blobbed) topological recursion to problems in algebraic and enumerative geometry.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures. Contribution to "Noncommutativity in Physics" (special volume initiated by CORFU2021)
Weighted Raft and its Application to Geographically Distributed Servers
Creators: name: Liu, Xi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Raft Consensus Algorithm
subject: Geographically Distributed System
subject: Cost Optimization
subject: Computer Science

description: Modern application are usually deployed in a distributed architecture where several servers are involved in providing service to users. Distributed systems offer fault tolerance and increased availability. In some cases, the servers are distributed in different geographic locations to reduce latency and provide better service to end users. Keeping data consistent across servers is a fundamental problem. Raft consensus algorithm has been prepared to achieve data consistency in the presence of server failure. In Raft, servers elect a leader server that manages client-side requests and updates the data files. Each server has the same chance to becoming a leader. Although typical Raft servers are in a local cluster, in many natural applications, Raft can be used in a geographically distributed setting to ensure data consistency. In such a setting, it is natural to allow the “closest” server to a user to respond to the user request. The notation of “closeness” could capture not only geographic location but also network connectivity and capacity. Motivated by the above challenge, we propose Geo-Raft which is the application of Raft protocol in geographically distributed systems. To reduce the performance cost, we add weights to servers’ election timeout to enable the most suitable server to be elected as the leader and serve the users. We propose a model to optimize Geo-Raft performance and present an approach to determine Raft timeouts for a given set of weights. We discuss our results and directions for future work.
Properties of a sweeping jet emitted from a fluidic oscillator
Creators: name: Ostermann, Florian
name: Woszidlo, Rene
name: Nayeri, Christian Navid
name: Paschereit, Christian Oliver
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 532 Mechanik der Fluide, Mechanik der Flüssigkeiten
subject: sweeping jet
subject: fluid oscillator
subject: fundamental flow field
subject: fluidischer Oszillator
subject: fundamentales Strömungsfeld

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: This experimental study investigates the flow field and properties of a sweeping jet emitted from a fluidic oscillator into a quiescent environment. The aspect ratio of the outlet throat is 1. Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry is employed to measure the velocity field plane-by-plane. Simultaneously acquired pressure measurements provide a reference for phase correlating the individual planes yielding three-dimensional, time-resolved velocity information. Lagrangian and Eulerian visualization techniques illustrate the phase-averaged flow field. Circular head vortices, similar to the starting vortex of a steady jet, are formed repetitively when the jet is at its maximum deflection. The quantitative jet properties are determined from instantaneous velocity data using a cylindrical coordinate system that takes into account the changing deflection angle of the jet. The jet properties vary throughout the oscillation cycle. The maximum jet velocity decays much faster than that of a comparable steady jet indicating a higher momentum transfer to the environment. The entrainment rate of the spatially oscillating jet is larger than for a steady jet by a factor of 4. Most of the mass flow is entrained from the direction normal to the oscillation plane, which is accompanied by a significant increase in jet depth compared to a steady jet. The high entrainment rate results from the enlarged contact area between jet and ambient fluid due to the spatial oscillation. The jet’s total force exceeds that of an idealized steady jet by up to 30 %. The results are independent of the investigated oscillation frequencies in the range from 5 to 20 Hz.
title: An Exploratory Study of Graduate Employability in the Kurdistan Region – Iraq
Creators: name: Whiteside, Victoria
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This case study explores graduate employability within the Kurdistan Region-Iraq (KRI). A region whose government adopted a rentier style of governance and which until 2014 placed thousands of graduates of public higher educational institutions (HEIs) into public sector employment, thereby masking true unemployment rates. In 2014, the government introduced a public sector hiring freeze. Four years later, the youth unemployment rate for those with a high school diploma or higher stood at 15 percent (KRSO, 2018). A UNESCO (2019) labour market report shows that employers in KRI are dissatisfied with local graduates’ foreign language skills and specialised knowledge as well as other complaints that sometimes results in a preference for hiring foreign workers over local workers. The results of the UNESCO report allude to the need for higher education students in KRI to upskill themselves while at university. However, are graduates truly in control over their graduate employability or are there other factors external to graduates that negatively impact it? Using Bourdieu’s (1977, 1986, 2002) theories of habitus and capital and Freire’s (1970/2014) critical pedagogy to conceptualise the data, this study explores why some graduates are more employable than others, which stakeholders are considered responsible for graduate employability, what policies and practices external to graduates impact their graduate employability, and finally, how HEIs in KRI can improve their students’ employability. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals who represent four stakeholders, namely private sector employers, government ministry employees, academic and administrative staff of private and public HEIs, and training providers. The overall picture from the findings show that graduates of private HEIs are more employable than graduates of public HEIs, that policies and practices external to graduates impact their employability positively and negatively, and that improvements in pedagogy, the internship programme, and degree programmes offered could improve graduate employability.
Hamiltonian Analysis of 1+1 dimensional Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Kluson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the Hamiltonian analysis of 1+1 dimensional non-linear massive gravity studied in arXiv:1107.3820. We find the constraint structure of given theory and perform the counting of the physical degrees of freedom.
description: 10 pages
Making the Web work for science
Creators: name: Thaney, Kaitlin
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2015
Subjects: Mozilla
Mozilla science lab
open science
open source
open data

description: Presented at the National data integrity conference: enabling research: new challenges & opportunities held on May 7-8, 2015 at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Researchers, administrators and integrity officers are encountering new challenges regarding research data and integrity. This conference aims to provide attendees with both a high level understanding of these challenges and impart practical tools and skills to deal with them. Topics will include data reproducibility, validity, privacy, security, visualization, reuse, access, preservation, rights and management.
description: Kaitlin Thaney is the Director, Mozilla Science Lab and on the Board of Directors, DataKind UK. Kaitlin is a technologist, open advocate, and data enthusiast - working to make scientific research more efficient. She has a keen interest in open science, data sharing and digital infrastructure, and works with policymakers, officials, institutions and researchers in a number of ways to help achieve that vision.
description: PowerPoint presentation given on May 7, 2015.
A Narrative Inquiry of Teacher Perceptions of Autonomy During Emergency Remote Teaching
Creators: name: Carter, Leisje
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Teacher Autonomy
subject: Covid-19
subject: Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT)
subject: Google Classroom/Google Meet
subject: In-Person Learning
subject: Digital Platform
subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction

description: Research indicates that professional autonomy plays an important role in determining overall levels of teacher job satisfaction (Johnson & Spector, 2007), leads to increased teacher retention rates (LaCoe, 2006), and positively impacts student achievement (Preedy, Bennett, & Wise, 2012). A study conducted by Hyslop-Margison & Sears (2001) established a link between educational quality and teacher autonomy, with researchers indicating that “the quality of education is undermined when teachers are held accountable to an external authority rather than to themselves, their colleagues, and their professional associations” (p. 1). Similarly, Preedy, Bennett, & Wise (2012) established the presence of positive impacts on student achievement when educational goals were established by teachers themselves rather than by external agents in the education process. With evidence to suggest that professional autonomy is mutually beneficial for both students and teachers, classroom-based educators continue to report dissatisfaction with overall levels of autonomy, while teachers’ perceptions of professional autonomy continues to decline (Walker, 2016). Set in the context of emergency remote teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic, my work will uncover factors identified as negating or promoting teacher autonomy, while identifying how some educators appear more successful in attaining autonomy over others under similar environmental and social conditions. A qualitative narrative inquiry methodology is undertaken to identify and explore the understandings and experiences of educators as they navigate their need for autonomy in Alberta’s current educational climate. Semi-structured interviews, observations, and field notes used during the data collection stage, are analyzed to derive answers to questions about participants’ experiences with and perspectives on teacher autonomy.
title: Imaging pictorial of lipomas in atypical locations – checklist for young radiologist
Creators: name: DESPA, ANA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Pathology
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Retroperitoneum
subject: Mediastinum
subject: CNS
subject: Head and Neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To ilustate the uncommon locations of...
Data Brief: The Generations and Gender Survey second round (GGS-II)
Creators: name: Gauthier, Anne H.
name: Kong, Siyang
name: Grünwald, Olga
name: Bujard, Martin
name: Caporali, Arianna
name: Deimantas, Vytenis Juozas
name: Emery, Tom
name: Jablonski, Wojciech
name: Koops, Judith
name: Rijken, Arieke
name: Schumann, Almut
Publisher: name: GGP Technical Paper Series
Year: 2023

description: People's choices and life trajectories have changed considerably in recent decades resulting in more complex life course and family dynamics. In turn, these changes have raised important societal and scientific challenges regarding low fertility, gender equality, work-life balance, and uncertainty (among others). Data from the second round of the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS-II) provides key information to address these pressing societal and scientific challenges. GGS-II is a longitudinal survey that collects information on individuals between the age of 18 to 79 and covers a wide range of topics, such as union formation, family and partnership histories, household dynamics, work, wellbeing and gender role attitudes. As such, the GGS-II represents a valuable data resource that can aid researchers and policy makers in conducting advanced empirical research and developing evidence-based policies on family, fertility and gender. This paper focuses on the baseline wave (wave 1) of the GGS-II. It demonstrates the uniqueness of GGS-II in terms of the wide geographical coverage and a mixed-mode of data collection, as well as the innovations in the survey content of the baseline questionnaire.
Parameter conditioning with a noisy Monte Carlo genetic algorithm for estimating effective soil hydraulic properties from space
Creators: name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Mohanty, Binayak P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The estimation of effective soil hydraulic parameters and their uncertainties is a critical step in all large-scale hydrologic and climatic model applications. Here a scale-dependent (top-down) parameter estimation (inverse modeling) scheme called the noisy Monte Carlo genetic algorithm (NMCGA) was developed and tested for estimating these effective soil hydraulic parameters and their uncertainties. We tested our method using three case studies involving a synthetic pixel (pure and mixed) where all modeling conditions are known, and with actual airborne remote sensing (RS) footprints and a satellite RS footprint. In the synthetic case studies under pure (one soil texture) and mixed-pixel (multiple soil textures) conditions, NMCGA performed well in estimating the effective soil hydraulic parameters even with pixel complexities contributed by various soil types and land management practices (rain-fed/irrigated). With the airborne and satellite remote sensing cases, NMCGA also performed well for estimating effective soil hydraulic properties so that when applied in forward stochastic simulation modeling it can mimic large-scale soil moisture dynamics. The results also suggest a possible scaling down of the effective soil water retention curve  (h) at the larger satellite remote sensing pixel compared with the airborne remote sensing pixel. However, it did not generally imply that all effective soil hydraulic parameters should scale down like the soil water retention curve. The reduction of the soil hydraulic parameters was most profound in the saturated soil moisture content (  sat) as we relaxed progressively the soil hydraulic parameter search spaces in our satellite remote sensing studies. Overall, the NMCGA framework was found to be very promising in the inverse modeling of remotely sensed near-surface soil moisture for estimating the effective soil hydraulic parameters and their uncertainties at the remote sensing footprint/climate model grid.
title: The child is limping, but the MRI is normal, or is it - how to address ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) in children
Creators: name: Hebar, Timea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Congenital
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Discuss the importance of correlation between clinical and imaging findings in ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) Demonstrate the conventional radiograph, ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in IFI in children Discuss the role...
Accumulation on the boundary for one-dimensional stochastic particle system
Creators: name: Malyshev, V. A.
name: Zamyatin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider infinite particle system on the positive half-line moving independently of each other. When a particle hits the boundary it immediately disappears, and the boundary moves to the right on some fixed quantity (particle size). We study the speed of the boundary movement (growth). Possible applications - dynamics of the traffic jam growth, growth of thrombus, epitaxy. Nontrivial mathematics is related to the correlation between particle dynamics and boundary growth.
description: 12 pages
RESEARCH OF BEHAVIOR OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Tolipov, Bahtiyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Currently, mentally developed, creatively gifted, inquisitive youth are a huge source of forces driving the scientific and technological progress of society, which in the future will have to integrate with the world community in all spheres. In this regard, the search for young talented specialists, their correct orientation, and the formation of knowledge and skills are one of the highest goals.
Near-surface soil moisture assimilation for quantifying effective soil hydraulic properties using genetic algorithms: 2. Using airborne remote sensing during SGP97 and SMEX02
Creators: name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Mohanty, Binayak P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Hydrology

description: Pixel-based effective soil hydraulic parameters are crucial inputs for large-scale hydroclimatic modeling. In this paper, we extend/apply a genetic algorithm (GA) approach for estimating these parameters at the scale of an airborne remote sensing (RS) footprint. To estimate these parameters, we used a time series of near-surface RS soil moisture data to invert a physically based soil-water-atmosphere-plant (SWAP) model with a (multipopulated) modified-microGA. Uncertainties in the solutions were examined in two ways: (1) by solving the inverse problem under various combinations of modeling conditions in a respective way; and (2) the same as the first method but the inverse solutions were determined in a collective way aimed at finding the robust solutions for all the modeling conditions (ensembles). A cross validation of the derived soil hydraulic parameters was done to check their effectiveness for all the modeling conditions used. For our case studies, we considered three electronically scanned thinned array radiometer (ESTAR) footprints in Oklahoma and four polarimetric scanning radiometer (PSR) footprints in Iowa during the Southern Great Plains 1997 (SGP97) Hydrology Experiment and Soil Moisture Experiment 2002 (SMEX02) campaigns, respectively. The results clearly showed the promising potentials of near-surface RS soil moisture data combined with inverse modeling for determining average soil hydrologic properties at the footprint scale. Our cross validation showed that parameters derived by method 1 under water table (bottom boundary) conditions are applicable also for free-draining conditions. However, parameters derived under free-draining conditions generally produced too wet near-surface soil moisture when applied under water table conditions. Method 2, on the other hand, produced robust parameter sets applicable for all modeling conditions used. These results were validated using distributed in situ soil moisture and soil hydraulic properties measurements, and texture-based data from the UNSODA database. In this study, we conclude that inverse modeling of RS soil moisture data is a promising approach for parameter estimation at large measurement support scale. Nevertheless, the derived effective soil hydraulic parameters are subject to the uncertainties of remotely sensed soil moisture data and from the assumptions used in the soil-water-atmosphere-plant modeling. Method 2 provides a flexible framework for accounting these sources of uncertainties in the inverse estimation of large-scale soil hydraulic properties. We have illustrated this flexibility by combining multiple data sources and various modeling conditions in our large-scale inverse modeling.
Einsatz racemischer Gemische bei der Spiegelevolution
Creators: name: Hollmann, Susanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1999
Subjects: aptamers, spiegelmers, synthetic biology, in vitro selection

description: In recent years a variety of functional nucleic acids have been identified from combinatorial  RNA- or DNA-Libraries. The selected molecules were rendered stable against nuclease degradation through mirror-design. The limitation of this approach, however, is its dependence on the availability of mirror image targets. These mirror image targets must be obtained via chemical synthesis and the cumbersome separation of enantiomers from racemic mixtures. A major objective of this thesis was to establish a racemic selection procedure to bypass the necessity of  pure enantiomeric targets.

A racemic mixture of the amino acid Cysteine was employed as a model system. Through in vitro selection against a racemic mixture, RNA molecules  were identified that bind the enantiomer D-Cysteine with high affinity and specificity. The affinities of identified RNA molecules were determined.  The dissociation constants for binding D-Cysteine were in the µM-range. RNA molecule 096 had the highest affinity with an apparent dissociation constant of 2.9 µM. The molecule was further examined according to its chiral specificity. It shows a 7.4-fold higher affinity  for D-Cysteine than for L-Cysteine. This RNA molecule supplies the blueprint for a mirror image RNA, a spiegelmer, that would bind to the natural L-Cysteine with high affinity and specificity. The present study thus demonstrates the validity of racemic selections as a proof of concept.

A second independent objective of the thesis was to optimize the crystallization of oligoribonucleotides  for high-resolution structure analysis via X-ray diffraction. The knowledge of three-dimensional structures at atomic resolution helps to better understand the functions of RNA molecules. The acceptor stem helices of an Arginyl- and a Selenocysteinyl-tRNA were investigated.  Crystals of tRNAArg could be obtained that allowed to collect a complete data set with a maximum resolution of 1.6 Å. In addition, a complete data set of crystals of  the tRNASec–microhelix were collected at 1.9Å. The structrure of  the tRNASec-helix could be solved at atomic resolution.
Large deviation principles for renewal-reward processes
Creators: name: Zamparo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60K05, 60K35

description: We establish a sharp large deviation principle for renewal-reward processes, supposing that each renewal involves a broad-sense reward taking values in a real separable Banach space. In fact, we demonstrate a weak large deviation principle without assuming any exponential moment condition on the law of waiting times and rewards by resorting to a sharp version of Cramér's theorem. We also exhibit sufficient conditions for exponential tightness of renewal-reward processes, which leads to a full large deviation principle.
The Heegner point Kolyvagin system
Creators: name: Howard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Perrin-Riou has formulated a form of the Iwasawa main conjecture, which relates Heegner points to the Selmer group of an elliptic curve as one goes up the anticyclotomic Z_p extension of a quadratic imaginary field K. Building on the earlier work of Bertolini on this conjecture, and making use of the recent work of Mazur and Rubin on Kolyvagin's theory of Euler systems, we prove one divisibility of Perrin-Riou's conjectured equality. As a consequence, one obtains an upper bound on the rank of the Mordell-Weil group E(K) in terms of Heegner points.
Anisotropic magnetocaloric effect of CrI$_{3}$: A theoretical study
Creators: name: Tran, Hung Ba
name: Momida, Hiroyoshi
name: Matsushita, Yu-ichiro
name: Shirai, Koun
name: Oguchi, Tamio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CrI$_{3}$ is considered to be a promising candidate for spintronic devices and data storage. We derived the Heisenberg Hamiltonian for CrI$_{3}$ from density functional calculations using the Liechtenstein formula. Moreover, the Monte--Carlo simulations with the Sucksmith--Thompson method were performed to analyze the effect of magnetic anisotropy energy on the thermodynamic properties. Our method successfully reproduced the negative sign of isothermal magnetic entropy changes when a magnetic field was applied along the hard plane. We found that the temperature dependence of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy is not negligible at temperatures slightly above the Curie temperature. We clarified that the origin of this phenomenon is attributed to anisotropic magnetic susceptibility and magnetization anisotropy. The difference between the entropy change of the easy axis and the hard plane is proportional to the temperature dependence of the magnetic anisotropy energy, implying that the anisotropic entropy term is the main source of the temperature dependence of the free energy difference when magnetizing in a specific direction other than the easy axis. We also investigated the magnetic susceptibility that can be used for the characterization of the negative sign of the entropy change in the case of a hard plane. The competition of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy and external magnetic field at low temperature and low magnetic field region causes a high magnetic susceptibility as the fluctuation of magnetization. Meanwhile, the anisotropy energy is suppressed at a sufficient magnetic field applied along the hard axis, the magnetization is fully rotated to the direction of the external magnetic field.
title: What the radiologist should know about mediastinum: from anatomy to imaging
Creators: name: Mazzamurro, Lucia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest
subject: Anatomy
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Cancer
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the radiological anatomy of the mediastinum; To describe imaging findings of mediastinal...
National data integrity conference: remarks
Creators: name: Burns, Patrick J.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Big data

description: Presented at the National data integrity conference: enabling research: new challenges & opportunities held on May 7-8, 2015 at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Researchers, administrators and integrity officers are encountering new challenges regarding research data and integrity. This conference aims to provide attendees with both a high level understanding of these challenges and impart practical tools and skills to deal with them. Topics will include data reproducibility, validity, privacy, security, visualization, reuse, access, preservation, rights and management.
description: Patrick Burns is the Vice President for Information Technology and Dean of Libraries, Colorado State University. Dr. Burns is responsible for oversight of administrative computing, academic computing and networking services, instructional technology infrastructure, and institutional research. Burns also currently serves as the Dean of Libraries. A professor of Mechanical Engineering at Colorado State University, Dr. Burns' formal education and teaching experience is in Mechanical Engineering in the areas of heat and mass transfer, alternative energies, and large-scale Monte Carlo simulation of particle transfer in complex enclosures. He joined the Mechanical Engineering department at Colorado State University in 1978. He has served as Coordinator of Supercomputing at CSU and was formerly the Director of the Westnet regional network from 1986 through 1996. He has also conducted several large networking technology projects with K-12 and public libraries.
description: PowerPoint presentation given on May 8, 2015.
Quantum Superinductor with Tunable Non-Linearity
Creators: name: Bell, M. T.
name: Sadovskyy, I. A.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
name: Kitaev, A. Yu.
name: Gershenson, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the realization of a superinductor, a dissipationless element whose microwave impedance greatly exceeds the resistance quantum. The design of the superinductor, implemented as a ladder of nanoscale Josephson junctions, enables tuning of the inductance and its nonlinearity by a weak magnetic field. The Rabi decay time of the superinductor-based qubit exceeds 1 microsecond. The high kinetic inductance and strong nonlinearity offer new types of functionality, including the development of qubits protected from both flux and charge noises, fault tolerant quantum computing, and high-impedance isolation for electrical current standards based on Bloch oscillations.
description: text 4 pages, supplementary materials 6 pages
Separate Compilation for Synchronous Modules
Creators: name: Zeng, Jia
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Synchronous models are useful for designing real-time embedded systems because they provide timing control and deterministic concurrency. However, the semantics of such models usually require an entire system to be compiled at once to analyze the dependencies among modules. The alternative is to write modules that can respond when the values of some of their inputs are unknown, a tedious and error-prone process. We present a compilation technique that allows a programmer to describe synchronous modules without having to consider undefined inputs. Our algorithm transforms such a description into code that does as much as it can with undefined inputs, allowing modules to be compiled separately and assembled later. We implemented our technique in a compiler for the Esterel language and present results that show the technique does not impose a substantial overhead.
Discourses on Internationally-Educated Tradespeople in Calgary
Creators: name: Hilman, Brianna Irene
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Critical Discourse Analysis
subject: internationally-educated tradespeople
subject: difference politics
subject: Education--Vocational
subject: Economics--Labor

description: My goal is to examine the ideologies and discourses on internationally educated workers, that is, what people say and how what they say influences the lives of tradespeople in particular, as well as others. What are the ideologies represented and recreated in discourse that surround internationally-educated tradespeople in Calgary, Alberta? How do these ideologies and discourses affect how they are treated in the workplace? To explore these questions, I conducted semi-structured interviews of 36 construction workers and management personnel and used critical discourse analysis on a case study viewed through the lens of difference politics.
Tits-type alternative for certain groups acting on algebraic surfaces
Creators: name: Arzhantsev, Ivan
name: Zaidenberg, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 14R20, 14L30, 14E07, 22F50

description: A theorem of Cantat and Urech says that an analog of the classical Tits alternative holds for the group of birational automorphisms of a compact complex Kaehler surface. We established in our previous paper the following Tits-type alternative: if X is a toric affine variety and G is a subgroup of Aut(X) generated by a finite set of unipotent subgroups normalized by the acting torus then either G contains a nonabelian free subgroup or G is a unipotent affine algebraic group. In the present paper we extend the latter result to any group G of automorphisms of a complex affine surface generated by a finite collection of unipotent algebraic subgroups. It occurs that either G contains a nonabelian free subgroup or G is a metabelian unipotent algebraic group.
description: 16 pages; extended by an alternative, short proof of the main theorem valid over any algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. To appear in: Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
title: Contrast-enhanced MR perfusion analysis of brain tumors: Applications, pearls, and pitfalls
Creators: name: Coulson, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the basic technical principles of dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MRI acquisition Describe the clinical applications of perfusion imaging in the analysis of brain tumors including diagnostic lesion characterization and...
Translating climate forecasts into agricultural terms: advances and challenges
Creators: name: Hansen, James W.
name: Challinor, Andrew
name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Wheeler, Tim
name: Moron, Vincent
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Atmosphere

description: Seasonal climate prediction offers the potential to anticipate variations in crop production early enough to adjust critical decisions. Until recently, interest in exploiting seasonal forecasts from dynamic climate models (e.g. general circulation models, GCMs) for applications that involve crop simulation models has been hampered by the difference in spatial and temporal scale of GCMs and crop models, and by the dynamic, nonlinear relationship between meteorological variables and crop response. Although GCMs simulate the atmosphere on a sub-daily time step, their coarse spatial resolution and resulting distortion of day-to-day variability limits the use of their daily output. Crop models have used daily GCM output with some success by either calibrating simulated yields or correcting the daily rainfall output of the GCM to approximate the statistical properties of historic observations. Stochastic weather generators are used to disaggregate seasonal forecasts either by adjusting input parameters in a manner that captures the predictable components of climate, or by constraining synthetic weather sequences to match predicted values. Predicting crop yields, simulated with historic weather data, as a statistical function of seasonal climatic predictors, eliminates the need for daily weather data conditioned on the forecast, but must often address poor statistical properties of the crop-climate relationship. Most of the work on using crop simulation with seasonal climate forecasts has employed historic analogs based on categorical ENSO indices. Other methods based on classification of predictors or weather types can provide daily weather inputs to crop models conditioned on forecasts. Advances in climate-based crop forecasting in the coming decade are likely to include more robust evaluation of the methods reviewed here, dynamically embedding crop models within climate models to account for crop influence on regional climate, enhanced use of remote sensing, and research in the emerging area of 'weather within climate.'
Additional file 1 of Alterations of gut microbiota are associated with blood pressure: a cross-sectional clinical trial in Northwestern China
Creators: name: Lv, Jing
name: Wang, Jihan
name: Yu, Yan
name: Zhao, Mengyao
name: Yang, Wenjuan
name: Liu, Junye
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Yang, Yanjie
name: Wang, Guodong
name: Guo, Lei
name: Zhao, Heping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1  Correlations between gut microbiota taxa and blood pressure levels in female subjects. Table S2 Correlations between gut microbiota taxa and blood pressure levels in male subjects. Fig. S1 Relative abundances and comparative analysis of the annotated KEGG functions of gut microbiota in female and male subjects. The KEGG functions with significant differences between groups are presented by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. #P < 0.1, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
A liquid xenon TPC for a medical imaging Compton telescope
Creators: name: Oger, T.
name: Chen, W-T.
name: Cussonneau, J-P.
name: Donnard, J.
name: Duval, S.
name: Lamblin, J.
name: Lemaire, O.
name: Hadi, A. F. Mohamad
name: Ray, P. Le
name: Morteau, E.
name: Lavina, L. Scotto
name: Stutzmann, J-S.
name: Thers, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new technique for medical imaging, "3γ imaging", is studied by our group at SUBATECH for few years. A small liquid xenon time projection chamber prototype has been built in order to demonstrate the feasibility of this technique. With an ultra-low-noise front-end electronics, the energy deposit and resolution of 511 keV γ-ray as a function of drift electric field (E) is measured with high precision. 500 μm of z resolution is estimated by measuring the charge carriers drift velocity and time resolution.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, Proceeding of 6th international conference on New Developments In Photodetection, Lyon, 4-8 July 2011
Van Hove tuning of AV3Sb5 kagome metals under pressure and strain
Creators: name: Consiglio, Armando
name: Schwemmer, Tilman
name: Wu, Xianxin
name: Hanke, Werner
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Sangiovanni, Giorgio
name: Di Sante, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From first-principles calculations, we investigate the structural and electronic properties of the kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = Cs, K, Rb) under isotropic and anisotropic pressure. Charge ordering patterns are found to be unanimously suppressed, while there is a significant rearrangement of p-type and m-type van Hove point energies with respect to the Fermi level. Already for moderate tensile strain along the V plane and compressive strain normal to the V layer, we find that a van Hove point can be shifted to the Fermi energy. Such a mechanism provides an invaluable tuning knob to alter the correlation profile in the kagome metal, and suggests itself for further experimental investigation. It might allow to reconcile possible multi-dome superconductivity in kagome metals not only from phonons, but also from the viewpoint of unconventional pairing.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
SED fitting with MCMC: methodology and application to large galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Acquaviva, Viviana
name: Gawiser, Eric
name: Guaita, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present GalMC (Acquaviva et al 2011), our publicly available Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for SED fitting, show the results obtained for a stacked sample of Lyman Alpha Emitting galaxies at z ~ 3, and discuss the dependence of the inferred SED parameters on the assumptions made in modeling the stellar populations. We also introduce SpeedyMC, a version of GalMC based on interpolation of pre-computed template libraries. While the flexibility and number of SED fitting parameters is reduced with respect to GalMC, the average running time decreases by a factor of 20,000, enabling SED fitting of each galaxy in about one second on a 2.2GHz MacBook Pro laptop, and making SpeedyMC the ideal instrument to analyze data from large photometric galaxy surveys.
description: Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 284, "The Spectral Energy Distribution of galaxies"; typos fixed; refs added
A Secure PLAN
Creators: name: Hicks, Michael W.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Smith, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: Active networks, being programmable, promise greater flexibility than current networks. Programmability, however, may introduce safety and security risks. This correspondence describes the design and implementation of a security architecture for the active network PLANet. Security is obtained with a two-level architecture that combines a functionally restricted packet language, PLAN, with an environment of general-purpose service routines governed by trust management. In particular, a technique is used which expands or contracts a packet's service environment based on its level of privilege, termed namespace-based security. The design and implementation of an active-network firewall and virtual private network is used as an application of the security architecture. Measurements of the system show that the addition of the firewall imposes an approximately 34% latency overhead and as little as a 6.7% space overhead to incoming packets.
Optimality of Lindblad unfolding in measurement phase transitions
Creators: name: Kolodrubetz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement phase transitions in hybrid quantum circuits describe individual quantum trajectories rather than the measurement-averaged ensemble, despite the fact that results of measurements are not conventionally used for feedback. Here, we numerically demonstrate that a class of generalized measurements with identical measurement-averaged dynamics give different phases and phase transitions. We show that measurement-averaged destruction of Bell state entanglement is a useful proxy for determining which hybrid circuit yields the lowest-entanglement dynamics. We use this to argue that no unfolding of our model can avoid a volume law phase, which has implications for simulation of open quantum systems.
description: Published version