cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strain-induced stacking transition in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Georgoulea, Nina C.
name: Power, Stephen R.
name: Caffrey, Nuala M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain, both naturally occurring and deliberately engineered, can have a considerable effect on the structural and electronic properties of 2D and layered materials. Uniaxial or biaxial heterostrain modifies the stacking arrangement of bilayer graphene (BLG) which subsequently influences the electronic structure of the bilayer. Here, we use Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the interplay between an external applied heterostrain and the resulting stacking in BLG. We determine how a strain applied to one layer is transferred to a second, 'free' layer and at what critical strain the ground-state AB-stacking is disrupted. To overcome limitations introduced by periodic boundary conditions, we consider an approximate system consisting of an infinite graphene sheet and an armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR). We find that above a critical strain of ~1%, it is energetically favourable for the free layer to be unstrained, indicating a transition between uniform AB-stacking and non-uniform mixed stacking. This is in agreement with a simple model estimate based on the individual energy contributions of strain and stacking effects. Our findings suggest that small levels of strain provide a platform to reversibly engineer stacking order and Moiré features in bilayers, providing a viable alternative to twistronics to engineer topological and exotic physical phenomena in such systems.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
The RMS Survey: Near-IR Spectroscopy of Massive Young Stellar Objects
Creators: name: Cooper, H. D. B.
name: Lumsden, S. L.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: Hoare, M. G.
name: Clarke, A. J.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Mottram, J. C.
name: Moore, T. J. T.
name: Davies, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-infrared H- and K-band spectra are presented for 247 objects, selected from the Red MSX Source (RMS) survey as potential young stellar objects (YSOs). 195 (~80%) of the targets are YSOs, of which 131 are massive YSOs (L_BOL > 5x10^3 L_solar), M > 8M_solar. This is the largest spectroscopic study of massive YSOs to date, providing a valuable resource for the study of massive star formation. In this paper we present our exploratory analysis of the data. The YSOs observed have a wide range of embeddedness (2.7 < A_V < 114), demonstrating that this study covers minimally obscured objects right through to very red, dusty sources. Almost all YSOs show some evidence for emission lines, though there is a wide variety of observed properties. The most commonly detected lines are Brgamma, H_2, fluorescent FeII, CO bandhead, [FeII] and HeI 2-1 2^1S-2^1P, in order of frequency of occurrence. In total, ~40% of the YSOs display either fluorescent FeII 1.6878um or CO bandhead emission (or both), indicative of a circumstellar disc; however, no correlation of the strength of these lines with bolometric luminosity was found. We also find that ~60% of the sources exhibit [FeII] or H_2 emission, indicating the presence of an outflow. Three quarters of all sources have Brgamma in emission. A good correlation with bolometric luminosity was observed for both the Brgamma and H_2 emission line strengths, covering 1 L_solar< L_BOL < 3.5x10^5 L_solar. This suggests that the emission mechanism for these lines is the same for low-, intermediate-, and high-mass YSOs, i.e. high-mass YSOs appear to resemble scaled-up versions of low-mass YSOs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Collision of localized shocks in AdS$_5$ as a series expansion in transverse gradients
Creators: name: Waeber, Sebastian
name: Yaffe, Laurence G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a computational framework to more efficiently calculate the collision of localized shocks in five dimensional asymptotically Anti-de Sitter space. We expand the Einstein equations in transverse gradients and find that our numerical results agree well with exact solutions already at first order in the expansion. Moreover, the Einstein equations at first order in transverse gradients can be decoupled into two sets of differential equations. The bulk fields of one of these sets has only a negligible contribution to boundary observables, such that the computation on each time slice can be simplified to the solution of several planar shockwave equations plus four further differential equations for each transverse plane `pixel'. At the cost of errors of $\lesssim 10 \%$ at the hydrodynamization time and for low to mid rapidities, useful numerical solutions can be sped up by roughly one order of magnitude.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
Powerful and efficient energy harvester with resonant-tunneling quantum dots
Creators: name: Jordan, Andrew N.
name: Sothmann, Björn
name: Sánchez, Rafael
name: Büttiker, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a nanoscale heat engine that utilizes the physics of resonant tunneling in quantum dots in order to transfer electrons only at specific energies. The nanoengine converts heat into electrical current in a multiterminal geometry which permits one to separate current and heat flows. By putting two quantum dots in series with a hot cavity, electrons that enter one lead are forced to gain a prescribed energy in order to exit the opposite lead, transporting a single electron charge. This condition yields an ideally efficient heat engine. The energy gain is a property of the composite system rather than of the individual dots. It is therefore tunable to optimize the power while keeping a much larger level spacing for the individual quantum dots. Despite the simplicity of the physical model, the optimized rectified current and power is larger than any other candidate nano-engine. The ability to scale the power by putting many such engines into a two-dimensional layered structure gives a paradigmatic system for harvesting thermal energy at the nanoscale. We demonstrate that the high power and efficiency of the layered structure persists even if the quantum dots exhibit some randomness.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Strain-induced thermoelectricity in pentacene
Creators: name: Mondal, Kallol
name: Ganguly, Sudin
name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work discusses a non-synthetic strategy to achieve a favorable thermoelectric response in pentacene via strain. It is found that a uni-axial strain is capable of inducing spatial anisotropy in the molecule. As a result, the transmission spectrum becomes highly asymmetric under a particular strained scenario, which is the primary requirement to get a favorable thermoelectric response. Different thermoelectric quantities are computed for the strain-induced pentacene using Green's function formalism following the Landauer-Buttiker prescription. Various scenarios are considered to make the present work more realistic, such as the effects of substrate, coupling strength between the molecule and electrodes, dangling bonds, etc. Such a scheme to enhance the thermoelectric performance in pentacene is technologically intriguing and completely new to the best of our knowledge.
Including fringe fields from a nearby ferromagnet in a percolation theory of organic magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Harmon, Nicholas J.
name: Macià, Ferran
name: Wang, Fujian
name: Wohlgenannt, Markus
name: Kent, Andrew D.
name: Flatté, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random hyperfine fields are essential to mechanisms of low-field magnetoresistance in organic semiconductors. Recent experiments have shown that another type of random field --- fringe fields due to a nearby ferromagnet --- can also dramatically affect the magnetoresistance. A theoretical analysis of the effect of these fringe fields is challenging, as the fringe field magnitudes and their correlation lengths are orders of magnitude larger than that of the hyperfine couplings. We extend a recent theory of organic magnetoresistance to calculate the magnetoresistance with both hyperfine and fringe fields present. This theory describes several key features of the experimental fringe-field magnetoresistance, including the applied fields where the magnetoresistance reaches extrema, the applied field range of large magnetoresistance effects from the fringe fields, and the sign of the effect.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communications
Exclusive Lepton Pair Production at the Electron-Ion Collider -- A Powerful Research Tool
Creators: name: Chwastowski, Janusz J.
name: Piotrzkowski, Krzysztof
name: Przybycien, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-photon exclusive production of lepton pairs at the Electron-Ion Collider will open interesting research directions thanks to a very high luminosity and clean experimental conditions. A survey of the scientific potential of such studies is reported. In particular, we consider unique measurements of the proton elastic electromagnetic form-factors and a possibility of studying the anomalous electromagnetic dipole moments of $τ$ leptons.
description: 8 pages; 6 figures
Modelling the light competition between crops and weeds
Creators: name: Röhrig, Manfred
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Light competition
subject: simulation model
subject: cauliflower
subject: Chenopodium album
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Utilizing weak pump depletion to stabilize squeezed vacuum states
Creators: name: Denker, T.
name: Schütte, D.
name: Wimmer, M.H.
name: Wheatley, T.A.
name: Huntington, E.H.
name: Heurs, Michèle
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : The Optical Society
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optical parametric oscillators
subject: Parametric oscillators
subject: Experimental realizations
subject: Locking technique
subject: Nonlinear interactions
subject: Phase difference
subject: Phase information
subject: Pump depletion
subject: Squeezed state
subject: Squeezed vacuum state
subject: Locks (fasteners)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We propose and demonstrate a pump-phase locking technique that makes use of weak pump depletion (WPD) - an unavoidable effect that is usually neglected - in a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO). We show that the phase difference between seed and pump beam is imprinted on both light fields by the non-linear interaction in the crystal and can be read out without disturbing the squeezed output. In our experimental setup we observe squeezing levels of 1.96±0.01 dB, with an anti-squeezing level of 3.78±0.02dB (for a 0.55mW seed beam at 1064nm and 67.8 mW of pump light at 532 nm). Our new locking technique allows for the first experimental realization of a pump-phase lock by reading out the pre-existing phase information in the pump field. There is no degradation of the detected squeezed states required to implement this scheme. © 2015 Optical Society of America.
Biased cosmological parameter estimation with galaxy cluster counts in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianities
Creators: name: Trindade, A. M. M.
name: Avelino, P. P.
name: Viana, P. T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift dependence of the abundance of galaxy clusters is very sensitive to the statistical properties of primordial density perturbations. It can thus be used to probe small deviations from Gaussian initial conditions. Such deviations constitute a very important signature of many inflationary scenarios, and are thus expected to provide crucial information on physical processes which took place in the very early Universe. We have determined the biases which may be introduced in the estimation of cosmological parameters by wrongly assuming the absence of primordial non-Gaussianities. Although we find that the estimation of the present-day dark energy density using cluster counts is not very sensitive to the non-Gaussian properties of the density field, we show that the biases can be considerably larger in the estimation of the dark energy equation of state parameter $w$ and of the amplitude of the primordial density perturbations. Our results suggest that a significant level of non-Gaussianity at cluster scales may be able to reconcile the constraint on the amplitude of the primordial perturbations obtained using galaxy cluster number counts from the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalog with that obtained from the primary Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies measured by the Planck satellite.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Molecular analysis of the GPI-deficient clonal hematopoiesis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Creators: name: Lyakisheva, Anna V.
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
subject: EGR-1
subject: TAXREB107
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Superconducting properties of pseudobinary telluride Chevrel Phase Mo$_4$Re$_2$Te$_8$
Creators: name: Kataria, A.
name: Agarwal, T.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Ali, A.
name: Singh, R. S.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconventional superconductivity in the Chevrel phase offers a wide structural aspect to understand the superconducting ground state. A detailed investigation on the superconducting properties of Re based pseudobinary telluride Chevrel phase Mo$_4$Re$_2$Te$_8$ is reported. It crystallizes in a trigonal structure with the space group $R\bar{3}H$ having superconducting transition temperature at $T_C$ = 3.26(3) K. Specific heat measurements suggests a fully gapped superconducting state; however, the proximity of upper critical field value from the Pauli limiting field can be attributed to unconventional nature.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Tunneling in rippled graphene superlattice with spin dependence and a mass term
Creators: name: El-hassouny, Jaouad
name: Jellal, Ahmed
name: Atmani, El Houssine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The insertion of the band gap $Δ$ in the rippled graphene superlattice leads to new outcomes, as demonstrated. The essential thing is the appearance of opposite-spin transmissions, which increase with $Δ$ and vanish without it. Furthermore, compared to the $Δ=0$ scenario, the duration of the suppression of the transmission with the same spin is longer, with many peaks. The maximum value of transmissions with the same spin declines and remains around unity. Furthermore, for particular energy values, a shift in the behavior of the transmission channels is found. As a result, we demonstrate that with $Δ$, transmission filtering becomes crucial. Finally, as a result of the band gap, distinct variations in total conductance are discovered.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Event shape Engineering analysis of D meson in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Sambataro, Maria Lucia
name: Sun, Yifeng
name: Minissale, Vincenzo
name: Plumari, Salvatore
name: Greco, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the propagation of charm quarks in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) by means of an event-by-event transport approach. In our calculations the non-perturbative interaction between heavy quarks and light quarks has been taken into account through a quasi-particle approach with thermal light quark masses tuned to reproduce lQCD thermodynamics. We found that the flow observables $v_2$ and $v_3$ of D mesons are comparable with the experimental measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 ATeV in different ranges of centrality selections. The results are analyzed with Event-Shape Engineering technique. The comparison of the anisotropic flow coefficients $v_n$ with experimental data show a quite well agreement with experimental data for different flow vector $q_2$ selections, which confirms the strong coupling between charm quarks and light quarks in the QCD matter. Furthermore, we present here a novel study of the event-by-event correlations between flow harmonics of $D$ mesons and soft hadrons at LHC energy with the Event-Shape Engineering technique that can put further constraints on heavy quark transport coefficients toward a solid comparison between the phenomenological determination and the lattice QCD calculations.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Sieversia montana
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. montana X vosagiaca Cat. 104. l: Finhaut (Coquoz 1926). - 3: Mayens-de-Sion (Paiche in herb. de Palézieux; ob sicher? Verf.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Spin fields for the spinning particle
Creators: name: Boffo, E.
name: Sachs, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an analogue of spin fields for the relativistic RNS-particle in 4 dimensions, in order to describe Ramond-Ramond states as "two-particle" excitations on the world line. On a natural representation space we identify a differential whose cohomology agrees with RR-fields equations. We then discuss the non-linear theory encoded in deformations of the latter by background fields. We also formulate a sigma model for this spin field from which we recover the RNS-formulation by imposing suitable constraints.
description: 26 pages, matches the published version
Hadronic medium effects on $Z_{cs} (3985)^-$ production in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Abreu, L. M.
name: Navarra, F. S.
name: Vieira, H. P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the interactions of the multiquark state $Z_{cs} (3985)^-$ with light mesons in a hot hadron gas. Using an Effective Lagrangian framework, we estimate the vacuum cross sections as well as the thermal cross sections of the production processes $ \bar{D}_{s}^{(*)} D_{s}^{(*)} \rightarrow Z_{cs}^- X \, (X=π, K, η) $ and the corresponding inverse reactions. The results indicate that the considered processes have sizeable cross sections. Most importantly, the thermal cross sections for $Z_{cs}$ annihilation are much larger than those for production. This feature might produce relevant effects on some observables, such as the final $Z_{cs}$ multiplicity, measured in heavy ion collisions.
description: 8 pages; 6 figures
Axially symmetric static scalar solitons and black holes with scalar hair
Creators: name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Subagyo, Bintoro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct static, asymptotically flat black hole solutions with scalar hair. They evade the no-hair theorems by having a scalar potential which is not strictly positive. By including an azimuthal winding number in the scalar field ansatz, we find hairy black hole solutions which are static but axially symmetric only. These solutions possess a globally regular limit, describing scalar solitons. A branch of axially symmetric black holes is found to possess a positive specific heat.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Regular frequency patterns in the young delta Scuti star HD 261711 observed by the CoRoT and MOST satellites
Creators: name: Zwintz, K.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Guenther, D. B.
name: Ryabchikova, T.
name: Baglin, A.
name: Themessl, N.
name: Barnes, T. G.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Auvergne, M.
name: Bohlender, D.
name: Chaintreuil, S.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Rowe, J. F.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Weiss, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We concentrate on an asteroseismological study of HD 261711, a rather hot delta Scuti type pulsating member of the young open cluster NGC 2264 located at the blue border of the instability region. HD 261711 was discovered to be a pre-main sequence delta Scuti star using the time series photometry obtained by the MOST satellite in 2006. High-precision, time-series photometry of HD 261711 was obtained by the MOST and CoRoT satellites in 4 separate new observing runs that are put into context with the star's fundamental atmospheric parameters obtained from spectroscopy. With the new MOST data set from 2011/12 and the two CoRoT light curves from 2008 and 2011/12, the delta Scuti variability was confirmed and regular groups of frequencies were discovered. The two pulsation frequencies identified in the data from the first MOST observing run in 2006 are confirmed and 23 new delta Scuti-type frequencies were discovered using the CoRoT data. Weighted average frequencies for each group are related to l=0 and l=1 p-modes. Evidence for amplitude modulation of the frequencies in two groups is seen. The effective temperature was derived to be 8600$\pm$200 K, log g is 4.1$\pm$0.2, and the projected rotational velocity is 53$\pm$1km/s. Using our Teff value and the radius of 1.8$\pm$0.5 Rsun derived from SED fitting, we get a log L/Lsun of 1.20$\pm$0.14 which agrees well to the seismologically determined values of 1.65 Rsun and, hence, a log L/Lsun of 1.13. The radial velocity of 14$\pm$2 km/s we derived for HD 261711, confirms the star's membership to NGC 2264. Our asteroseismic models suggest that HD 261711 is a delta Scuti-type star close to the zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) with a mass of 1.8 to 1.9Msun. HD 261711 is either a young ZAMS star or a late PMS star just before the onset of hydrogen-core burning.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, A&A accepted
The BV action of 3D twisted R-Poisson sigma models
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
name: Ikeda, Noriaki
name: Šimunić, Grgur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the solution to the classical master equation for a 3D topological field theory with Wess-Zumino term and an underlying geometrical structure of a twisted R-Poisson manifold on its target space. The graded geometry of the target space departs from the usual QP structure encountered in the AKSZ construction of topological sigma models, the obstruction being attributed to the presence of the Wess-Zumino 4-form. Due to the inapplicability of the AKSZ construction in this case, we set up the traditional BV/BRST formalism for twisted R-Poisson sigma models in any dimension, which feature an open gauge algebra and constitute multiple stages reducible constrained Hamiltonian systems. An unusual feature of the theories is that it exhibits non-linear openness of the gauge algebra, in other words products of the equations of motion appear in it. Nevertheless, we find the BV action in presence of the 4-form twist in 3D, namely for a specific 4-form twisted (pre-)Courant sigma model. Moreover, we provide a complete set of explicit formulas for the off-shell nilpotent BV operator for untwisted R-Poisson sigma models in any dimension.
description: 32 pages
Molecular components involved in the inhibitory responses and Ca2+ clearance from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons
Creators: name: Delgado Arriagada, Ricardo Alfonso
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Olfactory receptor neurons
subject: excitatory response
subject: inhibitory response
subject: patch clamp
subject: whole cell recording
subject: CNG
subject: eAMP
subject: caged-cAMP
subject: Ca2+-dependent Cl- channels
subject: Ca2+-dependent K+ channels
subject: NCX
subject: PMCA
subject: Olfaktorisches Rezeptorneuron
subject: erregende Rezeptorantwort
subject: inhibierende Rezeptorantwort
subject: Ca2+-aktivierte Cl- Kanäle
subject: Ca2+-aktivierte K+ Kanäle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Safety Assistance Systems for Bicyclists: Toward Empirical Studies of the Dooring Problem
Creators: name: Dressler, Falko
name: Banh, Ngoc Chi
name: Stratmann, Lukas
name: Scharlau, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: OS and Networks
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Experimental data and videos from our study on the effect of the risk of dooring on cyclists’ visual attention capacity in a visually rich simulation.
The molecular yo-yo method: Live jump detection improves throughput of single-molecule force spectroscopy for out-of-equilibrium transitions
Creators: name: Mack, A. H.
name: Schlingman, D. J.
name: Kamenetska, M.
name: Collins, Robert
name: Regan, L.
name: Mochrie, S. G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: By monitoring multiple molecular transitions, force-clamp and trap-position-clamp methods have led to precise determinations of the free energies and free energy landscapes for molecular states populated in equilibrium at the same or similar forces. Here, we present a powerful new elaboration of the force-clamp and force-jump methods, applicable to transitions far from equilibrium. Specifically, we have implemented a live jump detection and force-clamp algorithm that intelligently adjusts and maintains the force on a single molecule in response to the measured state of that molecule. We are able to collect hundreds of individual molecular transitions at different forces, many times faster than previously, permitting us to accurately determine force-dependent lifetime distributions and reaction rates. Application of our method to unwinding and rewinding the nucleosome inner turn, using optical tweezers reveals experimental lifetime distributions that comprise a statistically-meaningful number of transitions, and that are accurately single exponential. These measurements significantly reduce the error in the previously measured rates, and demonstrate the existence of a single, dominant free energy barrier at each force studied. A key benefit of the molecular yoyo method for nucleosomes is that it reduces as far as possible the time spent in the tangentially-bound state, which minimizes the loss of nucleosomes by dissociation.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Improved Theory Predictions and Global Analysis of Exclusive $\boldsymbol{b\to sμ^+μ^-}$ Processes
Creators: name: Gubernari, Nico
name: Reboud, Méril
name: van Dyk, Danny
name: Virto, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide improved Standard Model theory predictions for the exclusive rare semimuonic processes $B\to K^{(*)}μ^+μ^-$ and $B_s\toϕμ^+μ^-$. Our results are based on a novel parametrization of the non-local form factors, which manifestly respects a recently developed dispersive bound. We critically compare our predictions to those obtained in the framework of QCD factorization. Our predictions provide, for the first time, parametric estimates of the systematic uncertainties due to non-local contributions. Comparing our predictions within the Standard Model to available experimental data, we find a large tension for $B\to Kμ^+μ^-$. A simple model-independent analysis of potential effects beyond the Standard Model yields results compatible with other approaches, albeit with larger uncertainties for the $B\to K^*μ^+μ^-$ and $B_s\to ϕμ^+μ^-$ decays. Our approach yields systematically improvable predictions, and we look forward to its application in further analyses beyond the Standard Model.
description: 54 pages, 7 figures, 9 ancillary files
Role of the Ionic Potential in High Harmonic Generation
Creators: name: Shafir, D.
name: Fabre, B.
name: Higuet, J.
name: Soifer, H.
name: Dagan, M.
name: Descamps, D.
name: Mevel, E.
name: Petit, S.
name: Worner, H. J.
name: Pons, B.
name: Dudovich, N.
name: Mairesse, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recollision processes provide direct insight into the structure and dynamics of electronic wave functions. However, the strength of the process sets its basic limitations - the interaction couples numerous degrees of freedom. In this Letter we decouple the basic steps of the process and resolve the role of the ionic potential which is at the heart of a broad range of strong field phenomena. Specifically, we measure high harmonic generation from argon atoms. By manipulating the polarization of the laser field we resolve the vectorial properties of the interaction. Our study shows that the ionic core plays a significant role in all steps of the interaction. In particular, Coulomb focusing induces an angular deflection of the electrons before recombination. A complete spatiospectral analysis reveals the influence of the potential on the spatiotemporal properties of the emitted light.
title: Polynomial Bundles and Generalised Fourier Transforms for Integrable Equations on A.III-type Symmetric Spaces
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Gerdjikov, Vladimir
name: Grahovski, Georgi
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2011

description: A certain class of integrable nonlinear differential equations related to A.III-type symmetric spaces and having additional reductions is analysed via the Inverse Scattering Method (ISM). The class contains systems of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) associated with a Lax operator (for the time-evolution) polynomial in the spectral parameter. Using the Wronskian relations, the mapping between the potential and the minimal sets of scattering data is constructed. Furthermore, completeness relations for the `squared solutions' (generalised exponentials) are derived. Next, expansions of Q and its variation are obtained. This demonstrates that the interpretation of the inverse scattering method as a generalized Fourier transform holds true. Next, by using the (generating) recursion operator (derived here via Gurses-Karasu-Sokolov method and via "squared solutions") all fundamental properties of the class of NLEE are described: the class of NLEE related to a given Lax operator, the infinite set of integrals of motion (conserved quantities). Finally, the Hamiltonian structures of these generalised multi-component Heisenberg Ferromagnetic (MHF) type integrable models on A.III-type symmetric spaces are briefly analysed.
Dispersion relation, propagation length and mode conversion of surface plasmon polaritons in silver double-nanowire systems
Creators: name: Sun, Shulin
name: Chen, Hung-Ting
name: Zheng, Wei-Jin
name: Guo, Guang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the surface plasmon modes in a silver double-nanowire system by employing the eigenmode analysis approach based on the finite element method. Calculated dispersion relations, surface charge distributions, field patterns and propagation lengths of ten lowest energy plasmon modes in the system are presented. These ten modes are categorized into three groups because they are found to originate from the monopole-monopole, dipole-dipole and quadrupole-quadrupole hybridizations between the two wires, respectively. Interestingly, in addition to the well studied gap mode (mode 1), the other mode from group 1 which is a symmetrically coupled charge mode (mode 2) is found to have a larger group velocity and a longer propagation length than mode 1, suggesting mode 2 to be another potential signal transporter for plasmonic circuits. Scenarios to efficiently excite (inject) group 1 modes in the two-wire system and also to convert mode 2 (mode 1) to mode 1 (mode 2) are demonstrated by numerical simulations.
Causality, unitarity and stability in quantum gravity: a non-perturbative perspective
Creators: name: Platania, Alessia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resumming quantum fluctuations at the level of the gravitational path integral is expected to result in non-local effective actions and thus in a non-trivial momentum dependence of the propagator. Which properties the (dressed) graviton propagator has to satisfy and whether they can all be met are key open questions. In this work we present criteria and conditions for the momentum dependence of a graviton propagator which is consistent with unitarity, causality, and stability in a non-perturbative setting. To this end, we revisit several aspects of these conditions, highlighting some caveats and subtleties that got lost in recent discussions, and spelling out others that to our best knowledge have not been studied in detail. We discuss the consequences of these concepts for the properties of the graviton propagator. Finally, we provide examples of propagators satisfying unitarity and causality, while avoiding tachyonic and vacuum instabilities, and allowing for an analytic Wick rotation.
description: 66 pages (56+refs), 23 figures (77 plots). v2: typos corrected in section 6, some references added
Grand Color Axion
Creators: name: Valenti, Alessandro
name: Vecchi, Luca
name: Xu, Ling-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model that solves the strong CP problem via an axion parametrically heavier than the standard one. Within this picture the Standard Model quarks are embedded into a larger non-abelian Grand Color group that at high scales splits into ordinary QCD and an additional confining dynamics under which exotic chiral fermions are charged. Crucially, the vacuum expectation value of the axion is automatically relaxed to zero because the only renormalizable source of explicit CP violation, beyond those encoded in the topological angles, is contained in the Standard Model Yukawa couplings, and is therefore very suppressed. The axion potential is controlled by the scale of the new confining group and is much larger than the QCD contribution, such that its dynamics is less exposed to the so-called "axion quality problem". Potentially observable corrections to the effective topological angle can also arise, in our model as well as in a large class of heavy axion scenarios, from non-renormalizable Peccei-Quinn-conserving interactions, which introduce a new "heavy axion quality problem". Our model has a very minimal field content, it relies entirely on gauge invariance and does not require the introduction of additional symmetries beyond the usual one postulated by Peccei and Quinn. The phenomenology is very rich and can be tested at colliders as well as via cosmological observations. A particularly interesting portion of parameter space predicts a visible axion of mass above the GeV and decay constant larger than a few TeV.
description: 18 pages plus appendix, 1 figure. v2: minor corrections. Accepted for publication in JHEP
Ising model on a 2D additive Small-World Network
Creators: name: Dumer, R. A.
name: Godoy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.6
subject: 82M31

description: In this article, we have employed Monte Carlo simulations to study the Ising model on a two-dimensional additive small-world network (A-SWN). The system model consists of a LxL square lattice where each site of the lattice is occupied for a spin variable that interacts with the nearest neighbor and has a certain probability p of being additionally connected at random to one of its farther neighbors. The system is in contact with a heat bath at a given temperature T and it is simulated by one-spin flip according to the Metropolis prescription. We have calculated the thermodynamic quantities of the system, such as, the magnetization per spin m, magnetic susceptibility chi, and the reduced fourth-order Binder cumulant U as a function of T for several values of lattice size L and additive probability p. We also have constructed the phase diagram for the equilibrium states of the model in the plane T versus p showing the existence of a continuous transition line between the ferromagnetic F and paramagnetic P phases. Using the finite-size scaling (FSS) theory, we have obtained the critical exponents for the system, where varying the parameter p, we have observed a change in the critical behavior from the regular square lattice Ising model to A-SWN.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables
Photogalvanic transport in fluctuating Ising superconductors
Creators: name: Parafilo, A. V.
name: Boev, M. V.
name: Kovalev, V. M.
name: Savenko, I. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a two-dimensional noncentrosymmetric Ising superconductor in the fluctuating regime under the action of a uniform external electromagnetic field there emerge two contributions to the photogalvanic effect due to the trigonal warping of the valleys. The first contribution stems from the current of the electron gas in its normal state, while the second contribution is of Aslamazov-Larkin nature: it originates from the presence of fluctuating Cooper pairs when the ambient temperature approaches (from above) the temperature of superconducting transition in the sample. The way to lift the valley degeneracy is the application of a weak out-of-plane external magnetic field producing a Zeeman effect. The Boltzmann equations approach for the electron gas in the normal state and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations for the fluctuating Cooper pairs allow for the study of the photogalvanic current in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide Ising superconductors.
Higgs-mass prediction in the NMSSM with heavy BSM particles
Creators: name: Bagnaschi, Emanuele
name: Goodsell, Mark
name: Slavich, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the prediction for the mass of the SM-like Higgs boson in NMSSM scenarios where all BSM particles, including the singlets, have masses at the TeV scale. We provide a full one-loop computation of the matching condition for the quartic Higgs coupling in the NMSSM, supplemented with the two-loop contributions that involve the strong gauge coupling. We discuss the impact of the one- and two-loop corrections that are specific to the NMSSM on the prediction for the Higgs mass, and propose a method to estimate of the uncertainty associated with the uncomputed higher-order terms. Finally, we illustrate how the measured value of the Higgs mass can be used to constrain some yet-unmeasured parameters of the NMSSM.
description: 23 pages, 4 PDF figures; v2: eq.(13) added, version published in EPJC
Probing Disorder in 2CzPN using Core and Valence States
Creators: name: Fernando, Nathalie K.
name: Stella, Martina
name: Dawson, William
name: Nakajima, Takahito
name: Genovese, Luigi
name: Regoutz, Anna
name: Ratcliff, Laura E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecules which exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) show great promise for use in efficient, environmentally-friendly OLEDs, and thus the design of new TADF emitters is an active area of research. However, when used in devices, they are typically in the form of disordered thin films, where both the external molecular environment and thermally-induced internal variations in parameters such as the torsion angle can strongly influence their electronic structure. In this work, we use density functional theory and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the impact of disorder on both core and valence states in the TADF emitter 2CzPN. By simulating gas phase molecules displaying varying levels of disorder, we assess the relative sensitivity of the different states to factors such as varying torsion angle. The theoretical results for both core and valence states show good agreement with experiment, thereby also highlighting the advantages of our approach for interpreting experimental spectra of large aromatic molecules, which are too complex to interpret based solely on experimental data.
title: Claus Dobiat, Susanne Sievers und Thomas Stöllner (Hrsg.), Dürrnberg und Manching: Wirtschaftsarchäologie im ostkeltischen Raum
Creators: name: Wells, Peter S.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Claus Dobiat, Susanne Sievers und Thomas Stöllner (Hrsg.), Dürrnberg und Manching: Wirtschaftsarchäologie im ostkeltischen Raum. Römisch-Germanische Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Kolloquien zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte, Band 7. Dr. Rudolf Habelt, Bonn 2002. 382 Seiten, 187 Abbildungen, 6 Tafeln.
Fabrication of a monolithic lab-on-a-chip platform with integrated hydrogel waveguides for chemical sensing
Creators: name: Torres-Mapa, Maria Leilani
name: Singh, Manmeet
name: Simon, Olga
name: Mapa, Jose Louise
name: Machida, Manan
name: Günther, Axel
name: Roth, Bernhard
name: Heinemann, Dag
name: Terakawa, Mitsuhiro
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 3D printing
subject: Fluorescence
subject: Hydrogels
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Waveguide
subject: 3D printers
subject: Biocompatibility
subject: Chemical sensors
subject: Electrochemical sensors
subject: Fluidic devices
subject: Lab-on-a-chip
subject: Monolithic integrated circuits
subject: Optical properties
subject: Waveguides
subject: Wearable technology
subject: 3-D printing
subject: Fluorescence emission
subject: Fluorescence signals
subject: Lab-on-a-chip devices
subject: Micro-fluidic devices
subject: Microfluidic channel
subject: Polyethylene glycol diacrylate
subject: Waveguiding properties
subject: Optical waveguides
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Hydrogel waveguides have found increased use for variety of applications where biocompatibility and flexibility are important. In this work, we demonstrate the use of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) waveguides to realize a monolithic lab-on-a-chip device. We performed a comprehensive study on the swelling and optical properties for different chain lengths and concentrations in order to realize an integrated biocompatible waveguide in a microfluidic device for chemical sensing. Waveguiding properties of PEGDA hydrogel were used to guide excitation light into a microfluidic channel to measure the fluorescence emission profile of rhodamine 6G as well as collect the fluorescence signal from the same device. Overall, this work shows the potential of hydrogel waveguides to facilitate delivery and collection of optical signals for potential use in wearable and implantable lab-on-a-chip devices.
Rosa obtusifolia
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. obtusifolia X pendulina - Eine anscheinend hierher zu stellende Pflanze:3: Vissoie (Gaillard 1921).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Molecular magnetic switches : synthesis and characterisation of novel iron spin crossover compounds
Creators: name: Krüger, Christoph
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Molecular switches
subject: iron(III) coordination compounds
subject: spin crossover
subject: Schiff base
subject: ligand design
subject: pseudohalide
subject: square complex
subject: Molekulare Schalter
subject: Eisen(III)-Koordindationsverbindungen
subject: Schiff'sche Base
subject: Ligandendesign
subject: Pseudohalid
subject: Square-Komplex
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Cavity cooling of free silicon nanoparticles in high-vacuum
Creators: name: Asenbaum, Peter
name: Kuhn, Stefan
name: Nimmrichter, Stefan
name: Sezer, Ugur
name: Arndt, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser cooling has given a boost to atomic physics throughout the last thirty years since it allows one to prepare atoms in motional states which can only be described by quantum mechanics. Most methods, such as Doppler cooling, polarization gradient cooling or sub-recoil laser cooling rely, however, on a near-resonant and cyclic coupling between laser light and well-defined internal states. Although this feat has recently even been achieved for diatomic molecules, it is very hard for mesoscopic particles. It has been proposed that an external cavity may compensate for the lack of internal cycling transitions in dielectric objects and it may thus provide assistance in the cooling of their centre of mass state. Here, we demonstrate cavity cooling of the transverse kinetic energy of silicon nanoparticles propagating in genuine high-vacuum (< 10^8 mbar). We create and launch them with longitudinal velocities even down to v < 1 m/s using laser induced thermomechanical stress on a pristine silicon wafer. The interaction with the light of a high-finesse infrared cavity reduces their transverse kinetic energy by more than a factor of 30. This is an important step towards new tests of recent proposals to explore the still speculative non-linearities of quantum mechanics with objects in the mass range between 10^7 and 10^10 amu.