cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Word Analysis Approach to NFL Draft Projection and Its Impact on Team Performance
Creators: name: Kang, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In this paper, the NFL draft process at an individual and team level will be investigated
using multiple approaches. At the player level, this paper will seek to find which player level
characteristics have the most significant impact in determining where a player is to be picked and
how he performs in the NFL. With the inclusion of word characteristics from scouting reports,
the paper aims to approach the player analysis through combining both quantitative and
qualitative factors. A player level panel data set is constructed so that change in player
performance could be tracked over time. In addition to the individual player analysis, the paper
conducts a team level analysis that aims to determine the exact impact of player inputs separated
by position from both the offensive and defensive side of the ball. The paper will also explore the
impact that the drafting ability of teams on both sides of the ball have on their respective
performance. The use of player scouting reports and language processing in the context of
quantitative analysis has not been done in previous literature and will be the main contribution of
this research.
Quantitative, Comparable Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Spectroscopy: Correcting Errors in Phase Retrieval
Creators: name: Camp, Charles H.
name: Lee, Young Jong
name: Cicerone, Marcus T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy has demonstrated significant potential for biological and materials imaging. To date, however, the primary mechanism of disseminating CARS spectroscopic information is through pseudocolor imagery, which explicitly neglects a vast majority of the hyperspectral data. Furthermore, current paradigms in CARS spectral processing do not lend themselves to quantitative sample-to-sample comparability. The primary limitation stems from the need to accurately measure the so-called nonresonant background (NRB) that is used to extract the chemically-sensitive Raman information from the raw spectra. Measurement of the NRB on a pixel-by-pixel basis is a nontrivial task; thus, reference NRB from glass or water are typically utilized, resulting in error between the actual and estimated amplitude and phase. In this manuscript, we present a new methodology for extracting the Raman spectral features that significantly suppresses these errors through phase detrending and scaling. Classic methods of error-correction, such as baseline detrending, are demonstrated to be inaccurate and to simply mask the underlying errors. The theoretical justification is presented by re-developing the theory of phase retrieval via the Kramers-Kronig relation, and we demonstrate that these results are also applicable to maximum entropy method-based phase retrieval. This new error-correction approach is experimentally applied to glycerol spectra and tissue images, demonstrating marked consistency between spectra obtained using different NRB estimates, and between spectra obtained on different instruments. Additionally, in order to facilitate implementation of these approaches, we have made many of the tools described herein available free for download.
description: Body: 13 pages, 5 figures. Supplemental: 21 pages, 16 figures
ChatGPT's Achilles Heel: "Schrödinger Facts" – truth and untruth superimposed
Creators: name: Steipe, Boris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sentient Syllabus
Artificial Intelligence
Higher Education
ChatGPT

description: Newsletter analysis for the Sentient Syllabus Project. Published on the Sentient Syllabus Substack site; the direct link is here.
Adaptation, Immigration, and Identity: The Tensions of American Jewish Food Culture
Creators: name: Moss, Mariauna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: While Holocaust survivor food culture did not change as a result of the Holocaust,
American Jewish food culture did. As Jewish holidays and their accompanying food
rituals became less linked to religion and more to culture, American Jews incorporated
modern, secular events into their holiday food rituals. The narrative of the Holocaust met
American Jewish food culture through the insertion of Holocaust memorials into
Passover haggadot, the instruction manual for the Passover seder. By linking the
memorials to religious precepts, the Holocaust became a legitimate Jewish event.
Chapter 1 explains how American Jewish food culture developed, by following
the food journeys of incoming immigrant waves and their American-born children from
1820-1939, just before the outbreak of the Second World War. Using both Jewish
cookbooks published in the United States and Jewish immigrant narratives, it argues that
with subsequent American-born generations and their food acculturation, American
Jewish identity became linked to Jewish food, most specifically Jewish holiday food,
because of its connection to both the old world and an ancestral past.
Chapter 2 follows the lives of three Holocaust survivors who migrated to the
United States in the late 1940’s, after World War II. Using oral histories to evaluate how
their food culture changed in light of migration, and how their first-generation status
influenced their perception of “American food” and American-born Jews, it argues that
Holocaust refugees who migrated to the United States after the Holocaust did embrace
elements of American Jewish food culture, but could not attribute their Jewish identity to
food because they experienced an old world, religious-based Judaism first hand. They
did not need to link their Jewish identity to food because their Judaism was inherently
connected to the “authentic” old world.
Chapter 3 turns back to American Jewish food culture, analyzing how American
Jews altered Jewish food ritual in light of the Holocaust. Using Passover haggadot
written by Reform, Reconstructionist, and non-denominational congregations, it argues
that American Jews inserted Holocaust memorials into the Passover seder by making it a
redemptive event, linking it back to religion by citing it as part of God’s original promise
to Abraham. Linking the memorials to religious precepts gave them legitimacy and
served as yet another link to the ancient past. Thus, the incorporation of these memorials
into Jewish holiday food ritual exemplifies the link between American Jewish food
culture and identity by linking the secular to the religious in order to ensure the longevity
of Holocaust memory.
Interplay between Non-Markovianity of Noise and Dynamics in Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Kurt, Arzu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-Markovianity of open quantum system dynamics is often associated with the bidirectional interchange of information between the system and its environment, and it is thought to be a resource for various quantum information tasks. We have investigated the non-Markovianity of the dynamics of a two-state system driven by continuous time random walk-type noise, which can be Markovian or non-Markovian depending on its residence time distribution parameters. Exact analytical expressions for the distinguishability as well as the trace distance and entropy-based non-Markovianity measures are obtained and used to investigate the interplay between the non-Markovianity of the noise and that of dynamics. Our results show that, in many cases, the dynamics are also non-Markovian when the noise is non-Markovian. However, it is possible for Markovian noise to cause non-Markovian dynamics and for non-Markovian noise to cause Markovian dynamics but only for certain parameter values.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Вопросы устойчивого развития общества,Выпуск 13 МКВСС 2023
Creators: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Publisher: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Year: 2023

description: Вопросы устойчивого развития общества,Выпуск 13 МКВСС 2023
Binge Alcohol Consumption Does Not Induce IL-10 Immune Response in the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse Brain
Creators: name: Daji, Akshay
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The goal of this study was to determine the effects of binge ethanol consumption on the levels of expression of IL-10 in the VTA of the mesolimbic pathway utilizing the DID protocol. In this study an immunohistochemical assessment is used to measure IL-10 expression in the VTA. A lack of an IL-10 anti-inflammatory immune response or a decrease in basal IL-10 levels in the VTA could be a possible factor intensifying the inflammation of the mesolimbic reward pathway that underlies the behavioral maladaptations that lead to alcoholism.
A Case for Electron-Astrophysics.
Creators: name: Verscharen, Daniel
name: Wicks, Robert T
name: Alexandrova, Olga
name: Bruno, Roberto
name: Burgess, David
name: Chen, Christopher HK
name: D'Amicis, Raffaella
name: De Keyser, Johan
name: De Wit, Thierry Dudok
name: Franci, Luca
name: He, Jiansen
name: Henri, Pierre
name: Kasahara, Satoshi
name: Khotyaintsev, Yuri
name: Klein, Kristopher G
name: Lavraud, Benoit
name: Maruca, Bennett A
name: Maksimovic, Milan
name: Plaschke, Ferdinand
name: Poedts, Stefaan
name: Reynolds, Christopher S
name: Roberts, Owen
name: Sahraoui, Fouad
name: Saito, Shinji
name: Salem, Chadi S
name: Saur, Joachim
name: Servidio, Sergio
name: Stawarz, Julia E
name: Štverák, Štěpán
name: Told, Daniel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Electrons
Voyage 2050
plasma astrophysics
solar wind
space missions
space plasma

description: The smallest characteristic scales, at which electron dynamics determines the plasma behaviour, are the next frontier in space and astrophysical plasma research. The analysis of astrophysical processes at these scales lies at the heart of the research theme of electron-astrophysics. Electron scales are the ultimate bottleneck for dissipation of plasma turbulence, which is a fundamental process not understood in the electron-kinetic regime. In addition, plasma electrons often play an important role for the spatial transfer of thermal energy due to the high heat flux associated with their velocity distribution. The regulation of this electron heat flux is likewise not understood. By focussing on these and other fundamental electron processes, the research theme of electron-astrophysics links outstanding science questions of great importance to the fields of space physics, astrophysics, and laboratory plasma physics. In this White Paper, submitted to ESA in response to the Voyage 2050 call, we review a selection of these outstanding questions, discuss their importance, and present a roadmap for answering them through novel space-mission concepts.
Electronic, magnetic and transport properties of Fe intercalated 2H-TaS$_2$ studied by means of the KKR-CPA method
Creators: name: Mankovsky, S.
name: Chadova, K.
name: Ködderitzsch, D.
name: Bensch, W.
name: Ebert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic, magnetic and transport properties of Fe intercalated 2H-TaS$_2$ have been investigated by means of the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) method. The non-stoichiometry and disorder in the system has been accounted for using the Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA) alloy theory. A pronounced influence of disorder on the spin magnetic moment has been found for the ferro-magnetically ordered material. The same applies for the spin-orbit induced orbital magnetic moment and magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy. The temperature-dependence of the resistivity of disordered 2H-Fe$_{0.28}$TaS$_2$ investigated on the basis of the Kubo-Středa formalism in combination with the alloy analogy model has been found in very satisfying agreement with experimental data. This also holds for the temperature dependent anomalous Hall resistivity $ ρ_{\rm xy}(T) $. The role of thermally induced lattice vibrations and spin fluctuations for the transport properties is discussed in detail.
Extensive sequence duplication in Arabidopsis revealed by pseudo-heterozygosity.
Creators: name: Jaegle, Benjamin
name: Pisupati, Rahul
name: Soto-Jiménez, Luz Mayela
name: Burns, Robin
name: Rabanal, Fernando A
name: Nordborg, Magnus
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: GWAS
Gene duplication
Methylation
SNP calling
Structural variation
Humans
Arabidopsis
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Genome-Wide Association Study
DNA Copy Number Variations
Genome, Plant
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

description: BACKGROUND: It is apparent that genomes harbor much structural variation that is largely undetected for technical reasons. Such variation can cause artifacts when short-read sequencing data are mapped to a reference genome. Spurious SNPs may result from mapping of reads to unrecognized duplicated regions. Calling SNP using the raw reads of the 1001 Arabidopsis Genomes Project we identified 3.3 million (44%) heterozygous SNPs. Given that Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) is highly selfing, and that extensively heterozygous individuals have been removed, we hypothesize that these SNPs reflected cryptic copy number variation. RESULTS: The heterozygosity we observe consists of particular SNPs being heterozygous across individuals in a manner that strongly suggests it reflects shared segregating duplications rather than random tracts of residual heterozygosity due to occasional outcrossing. Focusing on such pseudo-heterozygosity in annotated genes, we use genome-wide association to map the position of the duplicates. We identify 2500 putatively duplicated genes and validate them using de novo genome assemblies from six lines. Specific examples included an annotated gene and nearby transposon that transpose together. We also demonstrate that cryptic structural variation produces highly inaccurate estimates of DNA methylation polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that most heterozygous SNP calls in A. thaliana are artifacts and suggest that great caution is needed when analyzing SNP data from short-read sequencing. The finding that 10% of annotated genes exhibit copy-number variation, and the realization that neither gene- nor transposon-annotation necessarily tells us what is actually mobile in the genome suggests that future analyses based on independently assembled genomes will be very informative.
Gravitational Rutherford scattering and Keplerian orbits for electrically charged bodies in heterotic string theory
Creators: name: Villanueva, J. R.
name: Olivares, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the motion of electrically charged particles in the background of the Gibbons-Maeda-Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger (GMGHS) black hole is presented in this paper. Radial and angular motion are studied analytically for different values of the fundamental parameter. Therefore, gravitational Rutherford scattering and Keplerian orbits are analysed in detail. Finally, this paper complements previous work by Fernando for null geodesics (Phys. Rev. D 85: 024033, 2012), Olivares & Villanueva (Eur. Phys. J. C 73: 2659, 2013) and Blaga (Automat. Comp. Appl. Math. 22, 41 (2013); Serb. Astron. J. 190, 41 (2015)) for time-like geodesics.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Glycan masking of a non-neutralising epitope enhances neutralising antibodies targeting the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
Creators: name: Carnell, George W
name: Billmeier, Martina
name: Vishwanath, Sneha
name: Suau Sans, Maria
name: Wein, Hannah
name: George, Charlotte L
name: Neckermann, Patrick
name: Del Rosario, Joanne Marie M
name: Sampson, Alexander T
name: Einhauser, Sebastian
name: Aguinam, Ernest T
name: Ferrari, Matteo
name: Tonks, Paul
name: Nadesalingam, Angalee
name: Schütz, Anja
name: Huang, Chloe Qingzhou
name: Wells, David A
name: Paloniemi, Minna
name: Jordan, Ingo
name: Cantoni, Diego
name: Peterhoff, David
name: Asbach, Benedikt
name: Sandig, Volker
name: Temperton, Nigel
name: Kinsley, Rebecca
name: Wagner, Ralf
name: Heeney, Jonathan L
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 antibody
glycan masking
neutralising antibodies
pseudotype neutralisation
receptor binding domain (RBD)
Humans
Epitopes
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
COVID-19 Vaccines
Polysaccharides
Antibodies, Neutralizing

description: Peer reviewed: True
description: The accelerated development of the first generation COVID-19 vaccines has saved millions of lives, and potentially more from the long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most successful vaccine candidates have used the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as an immunogen. As expected of RNA viruses, new variants have evolved and quickly replaced the original wild-type SARS-CoV-2, leading to escape from natural infection or vaccine induced immunity provided by the original SARS-CoV-2 spike sequence. Next generation vaccines that confer specific and targeted immunity to broadly neutralising epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein against different variants of concern (VOC) offer an advance on current booster shots of previously used vaccines. Here, we present a targeted approach to elicit antibodies that neutralise both the ancestral SARS-CoV-2, and the VOCs, by introducing a specific glycosylation site on a non-neutralising epitope of the RBD. The addition of a specific glycosylation site in the RBD based vaccine candidate focused the immune response towards other broadly neutralising epitopes on the RBD. We further observed enhanced cross-neutralisation and cross-binding using a DNA-MVA CR19 prime-boost regime, thus demonstrating the superiority of the glycan engineered RBD vaccine candidate across two platforms and a promising candidate as a broad variant booster vaccine.
Constructing Sanctity in the Long Twelfth Century: The Miracles of St. Anselm, St. Bernard and St. Francis
Creators: name: Fletcher, Sam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Miracles were a key feature of the religious life of the High Middle Ages. As such they played an important role in constructing, creating and enacting medieval notions of sanctity. This thesis analyzes the ways in which three different saints – St. Anselm, St. Bernard and St. Francis – performed miracles. It aims to show how their miracles differed, what claims the saints made about their own sanctity through their miracles, and more broadly what the miracles show concerning the religious movements of which the three saints were emblematic figures. The key question is: How did the miraculous contribute to the sanctity of St. Anselm, St. Bernard and St. Francis? This thesis intersects with a number of different areas of scholarship. Primarily it is a study
of sanctity but viewed through the lens of the miraculous. To analyze the miracles, the idea of performativity will be drawn on, and finally, because each of the saints this thesis deals with are significant enough to warrant their own fields of study, it intersects with the biographical work on Anselm, Bernard and Francis. The novelty of this study primarily derives from the fact that no historians have applied the ideas developed by Judith Butler to the study of traditional – Great-Men – figures of history.
A multilayer shallow model for dry granular flows with the $μ(I)$ rheology: Application to granular collapse on erodible beds
Creators: name: Fernández-Nieto, Enrique D.
name: Garres-Díaz, José
name: Mangeney, Anne
name: Narbona-Reina, Gladys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 86, 68, 76

description: In this work we present a multilayer shallow model to approximate the Navier-Stokes equations with hydrostatic pressure and the $μ(I)$-rheology. The main advantages of this approximation are (i) the low cost associated with the numerical treatment of the free surface of the modelled flows, (ii) exact conservation of mass and (iii) the ability to compute 3D profiles of the velocities in the directions along and normal to the slope. The derivation of the model follows [14] and introduces a dimensional analysis based on the shallow flow hypothesis. The proposed first order multilayer model fully satisfies a dissipative energy equation. A comparison with an analytical solution with a non-constant normal profile of the downslope velocity demonstrates the accuracy of the numerical model. Finally, by comparing the numerical results with experimental data, we show that the proposed multilayer model with the $μ(I)$-rheology reproduces qualitatively the effect of the erodible bed on granular flow dynamics and deposits, such as the increase of runout distance with increasing thickness of the erodible bed. We show that the use of a constant friction coefficient in the multilayer model leads to the opposite behaviour. This multilayer model captures the different normal profiles of the downslope velocity during the different phases of the flow (acceleration, stopping, etc.) including the presence of static and flowing zones within the granular column.
title: Environmental impacts of heating and cooling upgrades, considering the decarbonisation of the electricity grid
Creators: name: Peukes, Ina Eileen
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03zjvnn91
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Rising temperatures and higher energy costs have created the imperative for Australian households to reduce energy consumption via more efficient heating and cooling systems. These energy efficient systems could lower the overall environmental impacts as heating and cooling accounts for around 20 % to 50 % of total energy usage of residential buildings. Nonetheless, the often overlooked aspect of efficiency upgrades pertains to the embodied energy and whether it is offset by operational savings as well as decarbonisation of the electricity grid. This research endeavours to determine the environmental impacts of 61 ducted gas heating to more efficient ducted gas heating upgrades and 59 gas heating to electric reverse cycle air conditioning upgrades via a life cycle assessment. A reference ducted gas heater, gas heater and air conditioner were deconstructed and assessed on their material composition. The operational energy savings of one year prior and after were collected for all upgrades.
The results showed that there were differences between the chosen impact assessment methods and that for the ducted gas heating upgrades the operational energy savings had offset the embodied energy for all assessed impact categories except freshwater ecotoxicity and human toxicity (non-cancer). For the gas heating to reverse cycle air conditioning, the following impact categories were offset: climate change (short-term), fossil and nuclear energy use, mineral resources use and ozone layer depletion. However, climate change (long-term), photochemical oxidant formation, human toxicity (cancer) freshwater and terrestrial acidification, marine eutrophication, particulate matter formation, ionising radiation, water scarcity, land occupation and transformation (biodiversity) could only be offset with the decarbonisation of the electricity grid. Not-withstanding, human toxicity (non-cancer), freshwater ecotoxicity and eutrophication was not offset even with a complete decarbonisation of the electricity grid, as the impacts from the production stage were too high. Notwithstanding the limited effectiveness of full decarbonisation, it is worthwhile considering the materials used in the appliance to further lower the environmental impact.
Supplementary document for (IMEC) Photonic Metamaterial with Sub-Wavelength Electrode Pattern - 6259051.pdf
Creators: name: Croes, Guillaume
name: Puybaret, Renaud
name: Bogdanowicz, Janusz
name: Celano, Umberto
name: Gehlhaar, Robert
name: Genoe, Jan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 20501 Classical and Physical Optics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Revised Supplemental document
High-order compact schemes for parabolic problems with mixed derivatives in multiple space dimensions
Creators: name: Düring, Bertram
name: Heuer, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a high-order compact finite difference approach for a class of parabolic partial differential equations with time and space dependent coefficients as well as with mixed second-order derivative terms in $n$ spatial dimensions. Problems of this type arise frequently in computational fluid dynamics and computational finance. We derive general conditions on the coefficients which allow us to obtain a high-order compact scheme which is fourth-order accurate in space and second-order accurate in time. Moreover, we perform a thorough von Neumann stability analysis of the Cauchy problem in two and three spatial dimensions for vanishing mixed derivative terms, and also give partial results for the general case. The results suggest unconditional stability of the scheme. As an application example we consider the pricing of European Power Put Options in the multidimensional Black-Scholes model for two and three underlying assets. Due to the low regularity of typical initial conditions we employ the smoothing operators of Kreiss et al. to ensure high-order convergence of the approximations of the smoothed problem to the true solution.
description: 24 pages
Identification of Bacterial Operons Required During  The Plant Immune Response using a RB-TnSeq Approach
Creators: name: Getzen, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Today, the majority of agrochemicals used to increase agricultural output have adverse effects on the environment, and the developments of more sustainable approaches that utilize plant-growth promoting bacteria are needed 1. In order to benefit the plants, these microbes must be able to colonize the plant root in mixed environmental microbial communities that induce immune responses from the plant. Toward understanding the genetic basis of root colonization by plant-growth promoting microbes, a randomly barcoded transposon insertion library sequencing method (Bar-Seq) was utilized to identify genes that protect bacteria from the plant-immune response. Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 and two mutants deficient in immune responses were grown for 5 weeks in liquid media and then an immune response was induced for 1 day using flg22 flagellin peptide. Exudates containing anti-microbial chemicals produced by the plants were collected. Bar-Seq libraries of four different plant-associated bacteria were grown in each exudate and the transposon barcodes corresponding to interrupted genes were sequenced. First, the genes are assigned fitness scores by comparing barcode abundance to input. Then, the fitness scores are compared (mutant vs. wild-type, + flg22 vs. – flg22) to identify genes required for growth during the immune response. These results will assist in the efforts to achieve higher crop yields in a more sustainable way, and provide insight into the genetic interactions between bacteria and their hosts.
A study to classify the fine needle aspirates of breast lumps as per  the IAC Yokohama system for reporting breast cytopathology  along with histopathological correlation
Creators: name: Jyoti Brahmaiah
name: S Bhavadeep
name: V Hemanth Kumar
name: Swarnabala Malapaka
name: T Govardhan
name: Satyanarayana Rentala
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: The burden of breast cancer is growing all over the world. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is an important diagnostic test in the early diagnosis of breast lesions. The IAC Yokohama classification for reporting breast cytopathology cases have five standard categories namely Insufficient (C1), Benign (C2), Atypical (C3) , Suspicious of malignancy (C4) and Malignant (C5).

Aims and Objectives: To classify the breast cytopathology cases as per the IAC Yokohama system of reporting breast cytopathology and to calculate the Risk of Malignancy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value.

Materials and Methods: The cytopathological diagnoses of breast lesions were categorized as per the IAC Yokohama system for reporting breast cytopathology. With histopathology as gold standard, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative predictive value (NPV), Risk of malignancy (ROM) and diagnostic accuracy were also calculated using standard formulae.

Results: A total of 223 cases of FNACs of breast lesions were done in this study of which 105 had histopathological correlation. The number of cases in each IAC Yokohama category are C1 (6), C2 (174), C3(13), C4(8),C5(22). The ROM malignancy in each of these categories was C1(0%), C2 (3.84%), C3(55.55%), C4(100%), C5(100%).

Conclusion: FNAC will continue to play an important role in early diagnosis of breast cancers. The IAC Yokohama system of breast cytopathology reporting helps in standardizing the reports of these cases.
Magic in Japanese Popular Culture
Creators: name: Balser, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This thesis examines the depiction of magic in Japanese popular media in order to find out how certain forms of popular media reflect societal views regarding national identity, youth, and gender. Through this examination, I aim to explain the context surrounding the cultural ideas being exported through Japanese popular media and their global influence. Various primary sources of Japanese popular media were analyzed, namely anime, manga and light novels. These works were analyzed under the theoretical frameworks provided by a number of anthropologists and Japanese popular culture scholars. By combining the disciplines of pop culture studies and anthropology, this analysis of magical Japanese popular media examines not only what the kinds of cultural messages are being expressed through magic in popular media, but who benefits from the popularity of magical power fantasies, and what effects these messages and fantasies have on Japanese society.
A global synthesis of high-resolution stable isotope data from benthic foraminifera of the last deglaciation.
Creators: name: Muglia, Juan
name: Mulitza, Stefan
name: Repschläger, Janne
name: Schmittner, Andreas
name: Lembke-Jene, Lester
name: Lisiecki, Lorraine
name: Mix, Alan
name: Saraswat, Rajeev
name: Sikes, Elizabeth
name: Waelbroeck, Claire
name: Gottschalk, Julia
name: Lippold, Jörg
name: Lund, David
name: Martinez-Mendez, Gema
name: Michel, Elisabeth
name: Muschitiello, Francesco
name: Naik, Sushant
name: Okazaki, Yusuke
name: Stott, Lowell
name: Voelker, Antje
name: Zhao, Ning
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Seawater
Foraminifera
Carbon Isotopes
Carbon
Oxygen

description: Acknowledgements: J.M. acknowledges funding from Conicet and FONCyT (PICT-2019-04147), Argentina, NSF’s Marine Geology and Geophysics and Chemical Oceanography Program (grants 1634719 and 1924215), USA, and the Past Global Changes (PAGES) project through its Data Stewardship Scholarship program. This study was undertaken by OC3, a working group of the PAGES project. R.S. acknowledges the financial support from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India. L.L.J. acknowledges funding by the German BMBF through grant no. 03F0785A NOPAWAC.
description: Funder: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (National Scientific and Technical Research Council); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002923
description: Funder: Past Global Changes (PAGES); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100010439
description: We present the first version of the Ocean Circulation and Carbon Cycling (OC3) working group database, of oxygen and carbon stable isotope ratios from benthic foraminifera in deep ocean sediment cores from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 23-19 ky) to the Holocene (<10 ky) with a particular focus on the early last deglaciation (19-15 ky BP). It includes 287 globally distributed coring sites, with metadata, isotopic and chronostratigraphic information, and age models. A quality check was performed for all data and age models, and sites with at least millennial resolution were preferred. Deep water mass structure as well as differences between the early deglaciation and LGM are captured by the data, even though its coverage is still sparse in many regions. We find high correlations among time series calculated with different age models at sites that allow such analysis. The database provides a useful dynamical approach to map physical and biogeochemical changes of the ocean throughout the last deglaciation.
Secure and Decentralized Messaging with the Matrix Chat Protocol - Enhancing Communication and Collaboration in Life Sciences Research through Matrix Integration with ELIXIR Federated Authentication
Creators: name: Saker, Halima
name: Krüger, Jens
name: Baleghi, Amir
name: Gauza, Holger
name: Kirbis, Alexander
name: Jalali, Hamed
name: Thangaraj, Suvasini
name: Pirkl, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Matrix chat protocol is an open-source and decentralized communication protocol that enables secure messaging across platforms. It offers a versatile framework for real-time messaging, suitable for individual messaging, group chats, and large-scale collaborations. Matrix clients provide a diverse range of options, including web-based applications, desktop clients, and mobile apps, catering to different preferences and needs. These clients support end-to-end encryption and encourage innovation through their open-source nature. In this project, Element is chosen as the default client for its robustness and user-friendly interface. It offers seamless messaging and collaboration capabilities with support for end-to-end encryption. Additionally, integrating Matrix with the ELIXIR federated authentication system can benefit life sciences research by creating a secure platform for data exchange and collaboration. Keycloak, an open-source identity and access management solution, can provide the necessary features such as single sign-on, multi-factor authentication, and user management for seamless integration. This integration enhances user experience, simplifies user management, and ensures secure access within the ELIXIR network. Leveraging Keycloak's capabilities with Matrix enables a robust and secure communication and collaboration platform for life sciences research.
Connecting the evolution of thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars to the chemistry in their circumstellar envelopes -- I. The case of hydrogen cyanide
Creators: name: Marigo, Paola
name: Ripamonti, Emanuele
name: Nanni, Ambra
name: Bressan, Alessandro
name: Girardi, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the inner circumstellar envelopes of thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars. A dynamic model for periodically shocked atmospheres, which includes an extended chemo-kinetic network, is for the first time coupled to detailed evolutionary tracks for the TP-AGB phase computed with the COLIBRI code. We carried out a calibration of the main shock parameters (the shock formation radius and the effective adiabatic index) using the circumstellar HCN abundances recently measured for a populous sample of pulsating TP-AGB stars. Our models recover the range of the observed HCN concentrations as a function of the mass-loss rates, and successfully reproduce the systematic increase of HCN moving along the M-S-C chemical sequence of TP-AGB stars, that traces the increase of the surface C/O ratio. The chemical calibration brings along two important implications: i) the first shock should emerge very close to the photosphere, and ii) shocks are expected to have a dominant isothermal character in the denser region close to the star (within ~ 3-4 R), implying that radiative processes should be quite efficient. Our analysis also suggests that the HCN concentrations in the inner circumstellar envelopes are critically affected by the H-H2 chemistry during the post-shock relaxation stages.
description: 27 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Multiphoton excited singlet/triplet mixed self-trapped exciton emission.
Creators: name: Zhou, Rui
name: Sui, Laizhi
name: Liu, Xinbao
name: Liu, Kaikai
name: Guo, Dengyang
name: Zhao, Wenbo
name: Song, Shiyu
name: Lv, Chaofan
name: Chen, Shu
name: Jiang, Tianci
name: Cheng, Zhe
name: Meng, Sheng
name: Shan, Chongxin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Article
/639/624/399/354
/639/301/357/354
/123
/132
/128
article

description: Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62075198, 11974317, 12274378), Outstanding Youth Foundation of Henan (Grant Nos. 222300420087).
description: Multiphoton excited luminescence is of paramount importance in the field of optical detection and biological photonics. Self-trapped exciton (STE) emission with self-absorption-free advantages provide a choice for multiphoton excited luminescence. Herein, multiphoton excited singlet/triplet mixed STE emission with a large full width at half-maximum (617 meV) and Stokes shift (1.29 eV) has been demonstrated in single-crystalline ZnO nanocrystals. Temperature dependent steady state, transient state and time-resolved electron spin resonance spectra demonstrate a mixture of singlet (63%) and triplet (37%) mixed STE emission, which contributes to a high photoluminescence quantum yield (60.5%). First-principles calculations suggest 48.34 meV energy per exciton stored by phonons in the distorted lattice of excited states, and 58 meV singlet-triplet splitting energy for the nanocrystals being consistent with the experimental measurements. The model clarifies long and controversial debates on ZnO emission in visible region, and the multiphoton excited singlet/triplet mixed STE emission is also observed.
Who’s in charge now? Coral functional group shifts along the Belizean Barrier Reef over 20 years
Creators: name: Locklear, Zachary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Having diverse functions within ecosystems helps increase ecosystem health, yet maintaining that functionality can prove difficult when conditions are stressful or functional redundancy fails. To test whether or not functional diversity has been altered, coral reef functional group abundances were tracked over three decades along the Belizean Barrier Reef System and modeled against human impacts and protection status to see if localized impacts were having an effect. Competitive, stress-tolerant, and weedy corals based on Grime’s C-S-R framework were grouped and tracked through time. Stress-tolerant species experienced a strong decline, while weedy and competitive species had a much smaller decline. These shifts have led to a historically unprecedented co-dominance between stress-tolerant species and weedy species in Belize, which has decreased the functional diversity of the reef through the loss of the key reef-building taxa Orbicella. Localized impacts were not found to be important for any functional groups, and future work should include regional and global factors such as sea surface temperature and temperature anomalies to understand what might have driven this shift in functional diversity.
Warped products admitting a curvature bound
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephanie B.
name: Bishop, Richard L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper completes a fundamental construction in Alexandrov geometry. Previously we gave a new construction of metric spaces with curvature bounds either above or below, namely warped products with intrinsic metric space base and fiber, and with possibly vanishing warping functions -- thereby extending the classical cone and suspension constructions from interval base to arbitrary base, and furthermore encompassing gluing constructions. This paper proves the converse, namely, all conditions of the theorems are necessary. Note that in the cone construction, both the construction and its converse are widely used. We also show that our theorems for curvature bounded above and below, respectively, are dual. We give the first systematic development of basic properties of warped products of metric spaces with possibly vanishing warping functions, including new properties..
description: 28 pages. Minor corrections, plus: Continuous warping function not sufficient (see Remark 4.10). To appear in Advances in Math
AIMapper: discovery of novel ATG8 targets in plant autophagy-pathogen interactions via a custom AlphaFold-Multimer pipeline
Creators: name: Posbeyikian, Andrés
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

Autophagy is a crucial cellular process in eukaryotes that maintains intracellular balance and defends against pathogens through interactions involving cargo receptors, adaptors, and the ATG8/LC3 protein family. These interactions hinge on a conserved sequence known as the ATG8/LC3 interacting motif/region (AIM/LIR),which is found in various autophagy-related proteins and pathogenic virulence factors. Identifying functional AIM/LIR motifs, however, is complicated by their redundant short nature and widespread presence across proteins. To overcome this, we introduce AIMmapper, an innovative in silico pipeline that utilizes outputs from AlphaFold2-multimer (AFM), a leading machine learning algorithm for predicting protein structures and interactions (Ibrahim et al. PMID: 36753519 2023). AIMmapper specifically identifies ATG8-interacting proteins by detecting AIM contacts at critical pockets of the ATG8 docking site and calculating an average predicted alignment error (PAE) score for each pocket. Hosted on a user-friendly Google Colaboratory interface, AIMmapper is adaptable for analyzing autophagy in plants and other systems, helping researchers quickly identify and validate potential ATG8-interaction partners and novel AIM motifs. This tool marks a significant step forward in studying autophagy and pathogen interactions, expediting both the discovery and functional analysis of these proteins.
title: Διαδικασία άπληστης τυχαιοποιημένης προσαρμοστικής αναζήτησης για το πρόβλημα ταυτόχρονης δρομολόγησης και αποθεματοποίησης
Creators: name: Τριμας Δημητριος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Ο σκοπός αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η επίλυση ενός προβλήματος ταυτόχρονης δρομολόγησης οχημάτων και αποθεματοποίησης με χρήση του αλγορίθμου GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure). Ουσιαστικά πρόκειται για ένα σύνθετο πρόβλημα βελτιστοποίησης κόστους και χρόνου, στο οποίο τον έλεγχο της ανατροφοδότησης, καθώς και της δρομολόγησης την έχει ο προμηθευτής και όχι ο πελάτης. Τέτοιου είδους προβλήματα συναντιόνται για παράδειγμα σε τροφοδοσίες πρατηρίων καυσίμων, καθώς είναι υψίστης σημασίας να μη μείνει χωρίς καύσιμα το πρατήριο αλλά ταυτόχρονα να μην είναι μονίμως πλήρες οι αποθήκες του. Στη συγκεκριμένη εργασία, για την αποθεματοποίηση δε χρησιμοποιείται κάποια συγκεκριμένη πολιτική αποθεματοποίησης. Επιπλέον, υπάρχει συγκεκριμένος αριθμός τροφοδοτικών οχημάτων καθώς και καθορισμένος χρόνος διεκπεραίωσης. Ο αλγόριθμος GRASP που χρησιμοποιείται είναι μια επαναληπτική διαδικασία, με σκοπό την εύρεση προσεγγιστικών λύσεων. Κάθε επανάληψη σημαίνει και πιθανή λύση, ενώ κάθε επανάληψη χωρίζεται σε δύο φάσεις. Στην  πρώτη φάση κατασκευάζεται μια άπληστη τυχαιοποιημένη αρχική λύση μέσω χρήσης της “λίστας περιορισμού των υποψηφίων” (restricted canditate list) και στη δεύτερη φάση εφαρμόζεται τοπική αναζήτηση προκειμένου να βελτιωθεί η λύση. Όσον αφορά τη λίστα περιορισμού, περιέχει τους επόμενους πιθανούς προορισμούς από τους οποίους επιλέγεται ο επόμενος προορισμός με τυχαίο τρόπο. Τέλος, κρατάμε σαν λύση το καλύτερο αποτέλεσμα από όλες τις επαναλήψεις.
A longitudinal study of the top 1% toxic Twitter profiles
Creators: name: Qayyum, Hina
name: Zhao, Benjamin Zi Hao
name: Wood, Ian D.
name: Ikram, Muhammad
name: Kaafar, Mohamed Ali
name: Kourtellis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Toxicity is endemic to online social networks including Twitter. It follows a Pareto like distribution where most of the toxicity is generated by a very small number of profiles and as such, analyzing and characterizing these toxic profiles is critical. Prior research has largely focused on sporadic, event centric toxic content to characterize toxicity on the platform. Instead, we approach the problem of characterizing toxic content from a profile centric point of view. We study 143K Twitter profiles and focus on the behavior of the top 1 percent producers of toxic content on Twitter, based on toxicity scores of their tweets availed by Perspective API. With a total of 293M tweets, spanning 16 years of activity, the longitudinal data allow us to reconstruct the timelines of all profiles involved. We use these timelines to gauge the behavior of the most toxic Twitter profiles compared to the rest of the Twitter population. We study the pattern of tweet posting from highly toxic accounts, based on the frequency and how prolific they are, the nature of hashtags and URLs, profile metadata, and Botometer scores. We find that the highly toxic profiles post coherent and well articulated content, their tweets keep to a narrow theme with lower diversity in hashtags, URLs, and domains, they are thematically similar to each other, and have a high likelihood of bot like behavior, likely to have progenitors with intentions to influence, based on high fake followers score. Our work contributes insight into the top 1 percent of toxic profiles on Twitter and establishes the profile centric approach to investigate toxicity on Twitter to be beneficial.
Sex differences in misperceptions of sexual interest can be explained by sociosexual orientation and men projecting their own interest onto women.
Creators: name: Lee, Anthony
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Sex differences in misperceptions of sexual interest have been well documented; however, it is unclear whether this cognitive bias could be explained by other factors. In the current study, 1226 participants (578 men, 630 women) participated in a speed-dating study, where participants rated their sexual interest in each other as well as the sexual interest they perceived from their partners. Consistent with previous findings, we found that men tended to overperceive sexual interest from their partners, while women tended to underperceive sexual interest. However, this sex difference becomes negligible when considering potential mediators, such as the raters’ sociosexual orientation, and raters projecting their own levels of sexual interest onto their partners. These findings challenge the popular notion that sex differences in misperceptions in sexual interest have evolved as a specialised adaptation due to different selection pressures in men and women.