cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Excess Distribution of Sums of Random Variables in Bivariate EV Models
Creators: name: Falk, Michael
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: Let (U,V ) be a random vector following a bivariate extreme value distribution (EVD) with reverse exponential margins. It is known that the excess distribution Fc(t) = P(U+V >ct | U+V > c) of U+V converges to F(t)= t2 as the threshold c increases if U,V are independent, and to F(t) = t, t ∈ [0, 1], elsewhere. We investigate the limit of the excess distribution of aU + bV in case of an EVD with arbitrary margins and with arbitrary scale parameters a,b > 0. It turns out that the limiting excess df may have a different behavior. For Fr´echet margins, independence of U,V does not affect the limit excess distribution, whereas for Gumbel and reverse Weibull margins it does. Unless for Gumbel margins, the limit excess distribution is independent of a,b. Interpreting a,b as weights and U,V as risks, aU + bV can be viewed as a (short) linear portfolio. The fact that the limiting excess distribution of aU + bV does not depend on a,b, unless for Gumbel margins, implies that risk measures such as the expected shortfall E (aU + bV | aU + bV < c) might fail for multivariate extreme value models.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 2 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Penalized Trimmed Squares and a Modification of Support Vectors for Unmasking Outliers in Linear Regress
Creators: name: Zioutas, G.
name: Avramidis, A.
name: Pitsoulis, L.
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: We consider the problem of identifying multiple outliers in linear regression models. We propose a penalized trimmed squares (PTS) estimator, where penalty costs for discarding outliers are inserted into the loss function. We propose suitable penalties for unmasking the multiple high-leverage outliers. The robust procedure is formulated as a Quadratic Mixed Integer Programming (QMIP) problem, computationally suitable for small sample data. The computational load and the effectiveness of the new procedure are improved by using the idea of ǫ-insensitive loss function from support vector machines regression. The small errors are ignored, and the mathematical formula gains the sparseness property. The good performance of the PTS estimator allows identification of multiple outliers avoiding masking effects.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Application of Robust Statistics to Asset Allocation Models
Creators: name: Welsch, Roy E.
name: Zhou, Xinfeng
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: Many strategies for asset allocation involve the computation of the expected value and the covariance matrix of the returns of financial instruments. How much of each instrument to own is determined by an attempt to minimize risk — the variance of linear combinations of investments in these financial assets — subject to various constraints such as a given level of return, concentration limits, etc. The covariance matrix contains many parameters to estimate and two main problems arise. First, the data will very likely have outliers that will seriously affect the covariance matrix. Second, with so many parameters to estimate, a large number of return observations are required and the nature of markets may change substantially over such a long period. In this paper we discuss using robust covariance procedures, FAST-MCD, Iterated Bivariate Winsorization and Fast 2-D Winsorization, to address the first problem and penalization methods for the second. When back-tested on market data, these methods are shown to be effective in improving portfolio performance. Robust asset allocation methods have great potential to improve risk-adjusted portfolio returns and therefore deserve further exploration in investment management research.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
De-Biasing Weighted MLE Via Indirect Inference: The Case of Generalized Linear Latent Variable Models
Creators: name: Victoria-Feser, Maria-Pia
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: In this paper we study bias-corrections to the weighted MLE (Dupuis and Morgenthaler, 2002), a robust estimator simply defined through a weighted score function. Indeed, although the WMLE is relatively simple to compute, for most models it is not consistent and hence not very helpful. For example, the model we consider in this paper is the generalized linear latent variable model (GLLVM) proposed in Moustaki and Knott (2000) (see also Moustaki, 1996, Sammel, Ryan, and Legler, 1997 and Bartholomew and Knott, 1999). The score functions of this model are very complicated. They contain integrals that need to be evaluated. Moreover, they are highly nonlinear in the parameters which makes the use of complicated robust estimator quite impossible in practice. Moustaki and Victoria-Feser (2006) propose to use a weighted MLE and develop indirect inference (Gouri´eroux, Monfort, and Renault, 1993, Gallant and Tauchen, 1996 and also Genton and de Luna, 2000, Genton and Ronchetti, 2003) to remove the bias. It can be computed in a simple iterative fashion. In this paper, we actually focus on indirect inference for bias correction in general. We rely heavily on the findings of Moustaki and Victoria-Feser (2006).
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Combination of Genome-Scale Models and Bioreactor Dynamics to Optimize the Production of Commodity Chemicals
Creators: name: Lázaro, Jorge
name: Jansen, Giorgio
name: Yang, Yiheng
name: Torres-Acosta, Mario A
name: Lye, Gary
name: Oliver, Stephen G
name: Júlvez, Jorge
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Molecular Biosciences
flexible nets
modeling formalisms
model integration
multi-scale models
genome-scale models
commodity chemicals
continuous culture
citramalate production

description: The current production of a number of commodity chemicals relies on the exploitation of fossil fuels and hence has an irreversible impact on the environment. Biotechnological processes offer an attractive alternative by enabling the manufacturing of chemicals by genetically modified microorganisms. However, this alternative approach poses some important technical challenges that must be tackled to make it competitive. On the one hand, the design of biotechnological processes is based on trial-and-error approaches, which are not only costly in terms of time and money, but also result in suboptimal designs. On the other hand, the manufacturing of chemicals by biological processes is almost exclusively carried out by batch or fed-batch cultures. Given that batch cultures are expensive and not easy to scale, technical means must be developed to make continuous cultures feasible and efficient. In order to address these challenges, we have developed a mathematical model able to integrate in a single model both the genome-scale metabolic model for the organism synthesizing the chemical of interest and the dynamics of the bioreactor in which the organism is cultured. Such a model is based on the use of Flexible Nets, a modeling formalism for dynamical systems. The integration of a microscopic (organism) and a macroscopic (bioreactor) model in a single net provides an overall view of the whole system and opens the door to global optimizations. As a case study, the production of citramalate with respect to the substrate consumed by E. coli is modeled, simulated and optimized in order to find the maximum productivity in a steady-state continuous culture. The predicted computational results were consistent with the wet lab experiments.
Comparative Performance of Several Robust Linear Discriminant Analysis Methods
Creators: name: Todorov, Valentin
name: Pires, Ana M.
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: The problem of the non-robustness of the classical estimates in the setting of the quadratic and linear discriminant analysis has been addressed by many authors: Todorov et al. [19, 20], Chork and Rousseeuw [1], Hawkins and McLachlan [4], He and Fung [5], Croux and Dehon [2], Hubert and Van Driessen [6]. To obtain high breakdown these methods are based on high breakdown point estimators of location and covariance matrix like MVE, MCD and S. Most of the authors use also one step re-weighting after the high breakdown point estimation in order to obtain increased efficiency. We propose to use M-iteration as described by Woodruff and Rocke [22] instead, since this is the preferred means of achieving efficiency with high breakdown. Further we experiment with the pairwise class of algorithms proposed by Maronna and Zamar [10] which were not used up to now in the context of discriminant analysis. The available methods for robust linear discriminant analysis are compared on two real data sets and on a large scale simulation study. These methods are implemented as R functions in the package for robust multivariate analysis rrcov.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Estimating Spectral Density Functions Robustly
Creators: name: Spangl, Bernhard
name: Dutter, Rudolf
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: We consider in the following the problem of robust spectral density estimation. Unfortunately, conventional spectral density estimators are not robust in the presence of additive outliers (cf. [18]). In order to get a robust estimate of the spectral density function, it turned out that cleaning the time series in a robust way first and calculating the spectral density function afterwards leads to encouraging results. To meet these needs of cleaning the data we use a robust version of the Kalman filter which was proposed by Ruckdeschel ([26]). Similar ideas were proposed by Martin and Thomson ([18]). Both methods were implemented in R (cf. [23]) and compared by extensive simulation experiments. The competitive method is also applied to real data. As a special practical application we focus on actual heart rate variability measurements of diabetes patients.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Role of mHealth applications for emergency medical system activation in reducing mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol.
Creators: name: Griswold, Dylan
name: Rubiano, Andres M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health services research
1506
1704
accident & emergency medicine
trauma management
health policy

description: INTRODUCTION: Prehospital care is an essential component in reducing mortality for patients presenting with emergency medical conditions. Prehospital systems tend to be underdeveloped or non-existent in these areas, with less than 1% of low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) populations served by an organised prehospital system. Mobile health apps for activation of Emergency Medical System (EMS) have been shown to decrease mortality, but there has yet to be a systematic review and meta-analysis performed to clarify the role that these apps play in reducing mortality in LMICs. The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile health apps for EMS activation versus traditional EMS dispatches in survival and transport time in patients with emergency medical conditions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The proposed systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised controlled trials (NRCTs) will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness evidence. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and EBSCO will be searched from January 2005 to March 2021. The search results will be presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram. Primary outcomes will include mortality and transport time. Critical appraisal will be assessed using the JBI SUMARI Risk-of-Bias Tool for RCTs, and Risk-of-Bias In Non-Randomised Studies tool for NRCTs. A narrative synthesis will be conducted for all included studies. If sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted. I2 statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity and identify their potential sources. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No ethical approval will be required, as this review is based on already published data and does not involve interaction with human subjects. The plan for dissemination, however, is to publish the findings of the review in a peer-reviewed journal and present findings at high-level international conferences that engage the most pertinent stakeholders. Any amendments to this protocol will be documented in the final review. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021243041.
Supplementary document for Ultrasound liquid-crystal lens with a variable focus in the radial direction for image stabilization - 5508734.pdf
Creators: name: Onaka, Jessica
name: Iwase, Takahiro
name: Emoto, Akira
name: Koyama, Daisuke
name: Matsukawa, Mami
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Some Thoughts About the Design of Loss Functions
Creators: name: Hennig, Christian
name: Kutlukaya, Mahmut
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: The choice and design of loss functions is discussed. Particularly when computational methods like cross-validation are applied, there is no need to stick to “standard” loss functions such as the L2-loss (squared loss). Our main message is that the choice of a loss function in a practical situation is the translation of an informal aim or interest that a researcher may have into the formal language of mathematics. The choice of a loss function cannot be formalized as a solution of a mathematical decision problem in itself. An illustrative case study about the location of branches of a chain of restaurants is given. Statistical aspects of loss functions are treated, such as the distinction between applications of loss functions to prediction and estimation problems and the direct definition of estimators to minimize loss functions. The impact of subjective decisions to the design of loss functions is also emphasized and discussed.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Breakdown Point — Examples and Counterexamples
Creators: name: Davies, P.L.
name: Gather, U.
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2007

description: The breakdown point plays an important though at times controversial role in statistics. In situations in which it has proved most successful there is a group of transformations which act on the sample space and which give rise to an equivariance structure. For equivariant functionals, that is those functionals which respect the group structure, a non-trivial upper bound for the breakdown point was derived in Davies and Gather (2005). The present paper briefly repeats the main results of Davies and Gather (2005) but is mainly concerned with giving additional insight into the concept of breakdown point. In particular, we discuss the attainability of the bound and the dependence of the breakdown point on the sample or distribution and on the metrics used in its definition.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2007): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Extremes of Periodic Integer-Valued Sequences with Exponential Type Tails
Creators: name: Hall, Andreia
name: G. Scotto, Manuel
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2006

description: This paper aims to analyze the extremal properties of periodic integer-valued sequences with marginal distribution belonging to a particular class defined by Anderson [1970. J. Appl. Probab. 7, 99–113] where the tail decays exponentially. An expression for calculating the extremal index of sequences satisfying certain local conditions, similar to those introduced by Chernick et al. [1991. Adv. Appl. Prob. 6, 711–731] is obtained. An application to infinite moving averages and max-autoregressive sequences is included. These results generalize the ones obtained for the stationary case.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2006): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Structural modeling and ground motion selection for risk assessment of pre-Northridge welded steel moment frames
Creators: name: Galvis, F. A.
name: Deierlein, G. G.
name: Molina Hutt, Carlos
name: Issa, O.
name: Baker, J. W.
name: Zsarnóczay, A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Nonlinear response history analyses are the most reliable tool for quantifying the earthquake performance of structures and inform risk management decisions like acquiring insurance or planning a structural retrofit. Constructing these models requires assumptions about the structure and its earthquake hazard that are normally made based on a limited number of analyses or expert opinions. This paper summarizes a sensitivity study that systematically evaluates the effects of the most common assumptions for modeling pre-Northridge welded steel moment frames (WSMF) on robust risk metrics. These assumptions include choosing a connection modeling approach and defining the target parameters for ground motion selection and scaling. The results of this sensitivity study support practical recommendations for applying the full performance-based earthquake engineering framework as implemented in FEMA P58 to tall WSMF buildings.
The effectiveness of follow-up process of drug addicts rehabilitated by psychological immunization Bangragum District, Phitsanulok Province
Creators: name: Attar Purakom
name: Watchsree Cheythong
name: Tanom Pomgasn
name: Siriporn Tumtrarrumg
Publisher: name: Department of Mental Health Thailand
Year: 2006
Subjects: drug addicts rehabilitated,rehabilitation follow-up,psychological immunization

description: 1, 14, Journal of Mental Health of Thailand
Gender und Nachhaltigkeit - institutionalisierte Gleichstellungsarbeit und Gender Mainstreaming im Umweltbundesamt
Creators: name: Sauer, Arn
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Öffentliche Verwaltung
Geschlecht
Gender Mainstreaming

description: Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die institutionalisierteGleichstellungsarbeit im Umweltbundesamt.
Er zeigt ihre gesetzlichen Grundlagenund historische Entwicklung auf undbeleuchtet ihre Akteur_innen1, Aufgaben,Maßnahmen und Instrumente. Der Beitragkommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die bestehendenStrategien und Instrumente grundsätzlichzielführend sind, wenn auch Gleichstellungnoch nicht überall erreicht ist. Zudemwerden eine Diversifi zierung von Gleichstellungsthemenund die erhöhte Komplexität inden Anforderungen an die Gleichstellungsakteur_innen attestiert. Insbesondere derAnsatz des GM hat gut zehn Jahre nach seinerEinführung im Rahmen des Nachhaltigkeitsverständnissesdes Umweltbundesamtes
gerade erst begonnen, sein innovatives Potenzialzu entfalten.Quelle: GENDER Heft 1 | 2014, S. 26-43
Das Göteborg-Protokoll
Creators: name: Appelhans, Johanna
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genfer Luftreinhaltekonvention
subject: Luft

description: Das Übereinkommen über weiträumige grenzüberschreitende Luftverunreinigung (engl. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) der UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, dt. Wirtschaftskommission der UN für Europa), auch bekannt als Genfer Luftreinhaltekonvention, wurde am 13. November 1979 in Genf beschlossen. 51 Parteien haben die Konvention unterzeichnet, u.a. alle EU-Mitgliedstaaten, die EU-Kommission, viele osteuropäische und zentralasiatische Staaten sowie die USA und Kanada. Das Übereinkommen wurde durch acht Protokolle konkretisiert. Quelle: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/
description: Das Übereinkommen über weiträumige grenzüberschreitende Luftverunreinigung (engl. Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution) der ⁠UNECE⁠ (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, dt. Wirtschaftskommission der ⁠UN⁠ für Europa), auch bekannt als Genfer Luftreinhaltekonvention, wurde am 13. November 1979 in Genf beschlossen. 51 Parteien haben die Konvention unterzeichnet, u.a. alle EU-Mitgliedstaaten, die EU-Kommission, viele osteuropäische und zentralasiatische Staaten sowie die USA und Kanada. Das Übereinkommen wurde durch acht Protokolle konkretisiert.
Supplementary document for Ultrasound liquid-crystal lens with a variable focus in the radial direction for image stabilization - 5508734.pdf
Creators: name: Onaka, Jessica
name: Iwase, Takahiro
name: Emoto, Akira
name: Koyama, Daisuke
name: Matsukawa, Mami
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Failure analysis of signaling Failure analysis of signaling system of Addis Ababa- system of Addis Ababa-Light Rail Transit Light Rail Transit Light Rail Transit
Creators: name: Bekele, Yosef
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Failure analysis of signaling Failure analysis of signaling 

system of Addis Ababa- system of Addis Ababa-Light Rail Transit Light Rail Transit Light Rail Transit
Words in Context: Memorization Techniques Applied to Word Identification
Creators: name: Stevenson, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to determine if a word context strategy could improve accuracy and fluency of word identification in a first grade classroom. The "word in context" strategy was added in parallel with a flashcard method already employed. The study used a pretest and posttest to measure recognition of a list of sight words that first graders find difficult because they cannot use their emerging phonemic word attack skills. Half the students received the exposure to the "word in context" strategy to improve memorization. Posttest scores showed improvement but not enough to be statistically significant from the control group. This was due to high motivation and achievement by students in both groups, even on the pretest evaluation, as well as unexpected interest and effort by the control group to learn the words. The "word in context" strategy is an additional tool if the classroom teacher has time to add it to curriculum, but a more careful study is needed to determine its true effects in a broader population of early readers.
The Effect of Using Goal Setting in Reducing the Pre-Competitive Anxiety of Division I College Female Lacrosse Athletes
Creators: name: Sweet, Aaron D.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to examine whether goal setting could reduce the pre-competitive anxiety of college female lacrosse athletes. This was a quasi-experimental study, which follows the pre-test, post-test design for a control and experimental group. The measurement tool was the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory Revised (CSAI-2R). The ten participants in this study were Division I female lacrosse players from Loyola University, ranging in age from eighteen to twenty two years old. Five players were conveniently chosen by the coach to receive goal setting as their treatment over four-weeks and five players were chosen to be in the control group receiving no treatment. At the conclusion of the four-week study, a two-tailed independent samples t-test was conducted to determine if the mean differences in somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence between the control and experimental groups were statistically significant. Results indicated that the differences between those means were not statistically significant, but both groups' self-confidence levels did increase as a result of the study.
Intrinsic Motivation in Female Athletes
Creators: name: Raffo, Whitney
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a goal setting intervention and autonomy – supportive coaching, would help increase the level of intrinsic motivation in female athletes. The measurement tool was the Sports Motivation Scale. This study involved the use of a pretest/posttest design to compare data from February 2011 (before the intervention was administered) to data from April of 2011 (after the intervention was nearly complete). Overall, there were little significant change between the pretest and posttest. The research showed that while there was little significance presented, one may see a positive change if the intervention was give over a longer period of time. This research should be conducted with a greater sample size and longer time for an intervention.
A Summary of Current Ideas on Synethesia
Creators: name: Davis, Megan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Research -- Periodicals.
Humanities -- Research -- Periodicals.
Social sciences -- Research -- Periodicals.

description: From the Faculty Nominator: Megan Davis wrote this paper for my seminar, Psychology 380, Case studies in cognition. For that class, students select a topic they are interested in, write a review paper, and report on the topic to the class. Megan selected Synesthesia for her topic and then felt like she had to do a really super job, since I do research on the topic myself. She did an outstanding job: This is one of the best papers I have ever gotten in that class.
description: I wrote this paper on synesthesia for my seminar in Cognitive Psychology with professor Carol Mills. Had it occurred to me, upon choosing my topic, that she herself conducts research on this phenomenon I might have reconsidered. However, I was intrigued when I learned that there could be an interconnection between our distinct senses. Having read Luria’s The Mind of a Mnemonist in class, I found synesthete S. fascinating. His descriptions of a male voice as crumbly yellow and of a loud tone as tasting of briny pickle with a rough unpleasant feel that could hurt your hand seemed simply unimaginable. I was envious and wanted to experience these percepts, but of course I could not. It seemed that the next best thing would be to understand them, and so I set out to do so.
description: Carol Mills
description: http://blogs.goucher.edu/verge/4-2/
The Effects of a Positive Behavior Intervention System on Elementary School Office Referrals and Suspensions
Creators: name: Royce, Kristin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: A Positive Behavior Intervention System is one which is implemented in order to teach and
reward desirable student behaviors as well as train the school staff on the expected behaviors. It
also aims to create a more harmonious school environment by decreasing the number of negative
infractions by students, in turn lowering office referral and suspension rates. This study took
place in a lower middle-class elementary school during the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 school
years. The study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the implementation
of a Positive Behavior Intervention System and student office referral data. Student referral data
from the 2010-2011 school year was compared to office referral and suspension data from the
2009-2010 school year. While there was a significant decrease in both violent and nonviolent
office referrals in the 2010-2011 school year and year one of the Positive Behavior Intervention
System at this school, there was a significant increase in suspension rates.
The Effect of Pre-K and Other Prior Experiences on Early Literacy and Reading Success in Kindergarten
Creators: name: Schafer, Colleen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in experiences prior to kindergarten have an impact on children’s early literacy and reading success in kindergarten. Students came from a convenience sample and were not randomly assigned to prior experience groups, which included public Pre-Kindergarten (Pre-K), private preschool or nursery school, childcare or daycare center, or home-based care. The DIBELS was used to determine children’s level of success in several areas of early literacy both in the beginning and the middle of the 2010-2011 school year. In the beginning of the year, children were administered the Letter Naming Fluency and Initial Sound Fluency subtests. In the middle of the year, children were administered the same subtests in addition to the Phoneme Segmentation Fluency and Nonsense Word Fluency subtests. No significant differences were found in any subtest between children of different prior experience groups. Therefore, the null hypothesis failed to be rejected. This paper discusses practical and theoretical implications, such as the value of public Pre-K in reducing the early achievement gap for at-risk children, as well as threats to validity. This researcher makes recommendations for future research, including the ideas that research be conducted over a longer period of time and that children be tested in other areas using different testing instruments.
Perceptually motivated loss functions for computer generated holographic displays
Creators: name: Yang, Fan
name: Kadis, Andrew
name: Mouthaan, Ralf
name: Wetherfield, Benjamin
name: Kaczorowski, Andrzej
name: Wilkinson, Timothy D
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/639/624/1075/146
/639/624/1107/510
article

description: Funder: The Cambridge Trust
description: Funder: The China Scholarship Council
description: Funder: Richard Norman Scholarship
description: Funder: VividQ Ltd.
description: Abstract: Understanding and improving the perceived quality of reconstructed images is key to developing computer-generated holography algorithms for high-fidelity holographic displays. However, current algorithms are typically optimized using mean squared error, which is widely criticized for its poor correlation with perceptual quality. In our work, we present a comprehensive analysis of employing contemporary image quality metrics (IQM) as loss functions in the hologram optimization process. Extensive objective and subjective assessment of experimentally reconstructed images reveal the relative performance of IQM losses for hologram optimization. Our results reveal that the perceived image quality improves considerably when the appropriate IQM loss function is used, highlighting the value of developing perceptually-motivated loss functions for hologram optimization.
Supplementary document for Deep learning-based method for continuous detection of heart rate in signals from a multi-fiber Bragg grating sensor compatible with magnetic resonance imaging - 5508900.pdf
Creators: name: Krej, Mariusz
name: Osuch, Tomasz
name: Anuszkiewicz, Alicja
name: Stopinski, Stanislaw
name: Anders, Krzysztof
name: Matuk, Krzysztof
name: Weigl, Andrzej
name: Tarasow, Eugeniusz
name: Piramidowicz, Ryszard
name: Dziuda, Lukasz
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Description for the source code
Considerations on the Revision of the Air Quality Directive 2008/50 EU
Creators: name: Dauert, Ute
name: Wichmann-Fiebig, Marion
name: Geupel, Markus
name: Hellack, Bryan
name: Langner, Marcel
name: Moravek, Alexander
name: Richter, Simone
name: Schütze, Gudrun
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: EU-Richtlinie
subject: Immissionsüberwachung
subject: Schwebstaub
subject: EU Directive
subject: air quality standards
subject: air quality monitoring
subject: chemical transport model
subject: particulate matter
subject: ecosystems
subject: risk to human health
subject: Air

description: In preparation for the upcoming revision the German Environment Agency (UBA) from a scientific point of view has assessed the possibility to meet the proposed WHO Guidelines Levels, the applicability of improved chemical transport models and advanced monitoring methods for air quality assessment as well as concepts for a better protection of ecosystems from air pollutants. In the following we propose criteria for binding and non-binding air quality standards as well as a monitoring strategy beyond compliance checking. The considerations are based on the German situation but may be extrapolated to many other European Member States. Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: In preparation for the upcoming revision the German Environment Agency (⁠UBA⁠) from a scientific point of view has assessed the possibility to meet the proposed ⁠WHO⁠ Guidelines Levels, the applicability of improved chemical transport models and advanced monitoring methods for air quality assessment as well as concepts for a better protection of ecosystems from air pollutants. In the following we propose criteria for binding and non-binding air quality standards as well as a monitoring strategy beyond compliance checking. The considerations are based on the German situation but may be extrapolated to many other European Member States.
Evaluation of CMIP5 and CMIP6 global climate models in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, atmosphere and surface ocean
Creators: name: Agosta, Cécile
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Large efforts are engaged to model climate-ice sheet interactions in order to estimate the contribution of Antarctica and Greenland to sea level in the next decades to centuries. Here we present a first-order evaluation of CMIP5 and CMIP6 climate models over both polar regions. We focus on large-scale atmospheric fields and surface ocean variables only. Our goal is to provide a first overview of climate model biases in polar regions, in order to use their outputs on an informed basis. We particularly target climate model outputs relevant for driving ice-sheet models and regional climate models.

We consider 9 (non-independent) variables : 850 hPa and 700 hPa annual and summer temperature, annual integrated water vapor, annual sea level pressure, annual 500hPa geopotential height, summer sea surface temperature, and winter sea ice concentration; over the Arctic (> 50°N) and the Antarctic (<40°S) regions. We use the ERA5 reanalysis as a reference, but we also consider 5 other reanalyses in the intercomparison to account for observational uncertainty. We define two sets of metrics. The first set of metrics, called “scaled rmse”, is the spatial root mean square error (RMSE) of time-mean variables for each region, that we divide by the median RMSE among all CMIP models. The second set of metrics, called “implausible fraction”, is the portion of the region where the difference between time-mean CMIP model and time-mean ERA5 is greater than three times the local interannual standard deviation. We find a strong relationship between the two sets of metrics. In addition, using the implausible fraction, we find that CMIP variables are significantly more implausible in the Antarctic than in the Arctic. It might be because of badly resolved processes or because of higher decadal variability in the South. Further work should include estimates of decadal variability in the implausibility computation.
Supplementary document for Deep learning-based method for continuous detection of heart rate in signals from a multi-fiber Bragg grating sensor compatible with magnetic resonance imaging - 5508900.pdf
Creators: name: Krej, Mariusz
name: Osuch, Tomasz
name: Anuszkiewicz, Alicja
name: Stopinski, Stanislaw
name: Anders, Krzysztof
name: Matuk, Krzysztof
name: Weigl, Andrzej
name: Tarasow, Eugeniusz
name: Piramidowicz, Ryszard
name: Dziuda, Lukasz
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Description for the source code
The Effect of Self-Monitoring on Calling Out Behaviors in Third Grade Students, Including Those with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
Creators: name: Marsh, Breanne
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a self-monitoring strategy in
reducing calling out behavior in a classroom of third grade students (n = 8) with a high
proportion of students with ADHD. The subjects were from a convenience sample and served
as their own controls. The self-monitor form and the observer evaluation form used in this study
were created by the investigator. The frequency of calling out behaviors per student was
recorded on these forms. The self-monitor form was a post-it note on students’ desks. The mean
number of call-outs per child was significantly less during the four week intervention period
(Mean = 8.38, SD = 9.74) than during the (weighted) two week baseline period (Mean = 20.75,
SD = 22.75) [t(7) = 2.49, p < .05 ]. Therefore, the results support the efficacy of self-monitoring
checklists to reduce disruptive behaviors among students with ADHD and similar behavioral
characteristics. Other implications and ideas for future research are discussed.
The Effect of Instruction in Vocabulary Development on the The Reading Comprehension of Third Graders
Creators: name: McLendon, Melissa
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: This study examined the effect of instruction in vocabulary development on student
comprehension. In this study, third grade students received the vocabulary intervention of
semantic mapping to improve their reading comprehension. The researcher hypothesized that the
overall reading comprehension skills of third grade students who received instruction in semantic
mapping would improve as a result of receiving this instruction. Results from the study
supported the hypothesis that the students’ vocabulary development would increase from pre test
to the post test. The results indicated a slightly greater increase in vocabulary acquisition among
male student participants when compared to results for female students. The scores revealed that
the majority of the third graders within the study began the school year achieving below grade
level in vocabulary. However, after receiving the intervention of semantic mapping, the majority
of the students’ scores significantly increased significantly.
Combining Methods in Supervised Classification: a Comparative Study on Discrete and Continuous Problems
Creators: name: Brito, Isabel
name: Celeux, Gilles
name: Sousa Ferreira, Ana
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2006

description: Often in discriminant analysis several models are estimated but based on some validation criterion, a single model is selected. In the purpose of taking profit from several potential models, classification rules combining models are considered in this article. More precisely two ways of combining models are considered: a serial combining method and a hierarchical combining method. Serial combining is a convex linear combination of a finite number of models. Hierarchical combining method leads to nested models structured in a binary tree. In this paper, several combining methods resorting from both points of view are presented and their performances are assessed on discrete and continuous classification problems.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2006): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
A Methodology to Leverage Seismic Risk Assessments to Inform Seismic Policy Development, the Case of the City of Vancouver
Creators: name: Hilt, M.
name: Molina Hutt, Carlos
name: Hobbs, T. E.
name: Wen, F.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Seismic risk reduction planning for existing buildings must begin with a quantitative account of risk, and it must contain an objective basis grounding the various policy options considered within it. This work proposes one methodology for generating that objective policy basis, leveraging seismic risk modelling outputs to detail the benefits of various policy options to reduce risk in Vancouver’s 90,000 existing, privately held buildings. This methodology considers risk in terms of casualties, building damage, disrupted occupants, and direct financial losses, creating a process to model the reduction across each risk metric for cohorts of buildings. These cohorts are ranked by their impact upon the desired metrics, allowing for identification of efficient policy strategies from a test set. In effect, it allows municipal staff and decision makers to understand the potential for risk reduction and make informed policy decisions, including risk reduction targets, to advance citywide seismic resilience.
The Impact of a Professional Development Approach on the Implementation of Technology in the Science Classroom
Creators: name: Hughes, Amy B.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of different approaches to professional development on the implementation of technology in the science classroom. The measurement tool used in this study was an electronic survey that was emailed to participants after the training sessions were conducted. The study was a descriptive study aimed at determining if there was a difference in the implementation of the technology in the classroom, based upon the type of professional development provided. Results indicated that participants who attended the training that included additional independent practice time with the technology were more likely to implement the technology in their classrooms. Research in the area of technology professional development should continue due to the increased types of technology available for instructional use.
The Effect of the Check-In, Check-Out System On Student Disruptions in the Classroom Setting
Creators: name: Johnson, Isaphine
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the check-in, check-out component of the Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) program was effective in reducing student disciplinary disruptions in the classroom setting. The PBIS program is a proactive, systems-level approach that enables schools to effectively and efficiently support student behavior and achievement through positive reinforcement measures. This study used the causal comparative research design, focused on a single group, pre-test/post-test method. Data analysis for the study utilized the school-wide information system (SWIS) to retrieve and compare major school referrals for the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 school years. The results from the study partially supported the null hypothesis. The data revealed that the check-in, check-out system was influential in reducing disruption in the primary grades; the check-in, check-out system did not have that effect with the intermediate students.
Effect of Enrollment in the “Passing the English HSA” Class on Scores on the Maryland High School Assessment in English
Creators: name: Lawlor, Patricia
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: To see paper in its entirety contact archives@goucher.edu or call (410)337-6075.
description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether students enrolled in the “Passing the HSA” English intervention course passed the Maryland High School Assessment in English more frequently (readily) than those students who did not take the course. The January administration of the Maryland High School Assessment in English was the measurement tool. This study used a pre-test/post-test intervention, quasi-experimental design. Students in the course had previously failed the HSA multiple times. The pre-test was the student score on the May 2010 HSA administration in English. Students then enrolled in the Passing the HSA course during the first semester (August 2010 – January 2011). At the conclusion of the course, the post-test given was the January 2011 HSA administration.
Limit Distribution for The Weighted Rank Correlation Coefficient, rw
Creators: name: Pinto Da Costa, Joaquim F.
name: A.C. Roque, Luís
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2006

description: A weighted rank correlation coefficient, inspired by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, has been proposed recently by Pinto da Costa & Soares [5]. Unlike Spearman’s coefficient, which treats all ranks equally, rW weights the distance between two ranks using a linear function of those ranks, giving more importance to top ranks than lower ones. In this work we prove that rW has a gaussian limit distribution, using the methodology employed in [7].
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2006): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Decompositions of Symmetry Model into Marginal Homogeneity and Distance Subsymmetry in Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories
Creators: name: Tomizawa, Sadao
name: Miyamoto, Nobuko
name: Ouchi, Masami
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2006

description: For square contingency tables with ordered categories, this paper proposes some distance subsymmetry models. The one model indicates that the cumulative probability that an observation will fall in row category i or below and column category i + k (k ≥ 2) or above, is equal to the probability that it falls in column category i or below and row category i+k or above. This paper also gives the decomposition of the symmetry model into the marginal homogeneity model and some distance subsymmetry models. The father-son occupational mobility data in Britain and the women’s unaided vision data in Britain are analyzed.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 4 No. 2 (2006): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
New Dependence Condition for Time Series and the Extremal Index of Higher-Order Markov Chains
Creators: name: Ferreira, Helena
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2006

description: We present a new dependence condition for time series and extend the extremal types theorem. The dependence structure of a stationary sequence is described by a sequence of extremal functions. Under a stability condition for the sequence of extremal functions, we obtain the asymptotic distribution of the sample maximum. As a corollary, we derive a surprisingly simple method for computing the extremal index through a limit of a sequence of extremal coefficients. The results may be used to determine the asymptotic distribution of extreme values from stationary time series based on copulas. We illustrate it with the study of the extremal behaviour of d th-order stationary Markov chains in discrete time with continuous state space. For such sequences we present a way to compute the extremal index from the upper extreme value limit for its joint distribution of d + 1 consecutive variables.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 4 No. 2 (2006): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal