cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Finite element analysis of viscous flow and rigid body interaction
Creators: name: Irani, Mehernosh Boman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A finite element method is developed to analyse the interaction of a two-dimensional viscous fluid and an elastically supported rigid body. The stream function form of the Navier-Stokes equations is discretized using 18 degree of freedom C¹ triangular elements. For each fluid element in contact with the body consistent surface traction vectors are derived in terms of the nodal variables to represent the force coupling terms in the equations of motion of the body. Thus a system of nonlinear differential equations is obtained for the coupled fluid-mass system. For the first order solution of the nonlinear problem by the perturbation method, the equations are linearized and the linear problem is solved. In the present study results for the linear problem only are presented, which are valid for "zero" Reynolds number or very slow flow. The problem of a square shaped mass which is excited by a harmonic force in otherwise still fluid and supported by an elastic spring in the direction of its motion is studied. A simple dimensional analysis shows that the response is a function of three basic non-dimensional parameters, namely, (a) the effective viscosity, (b) the ratio of the forcing frequency to the natural frequency of the spring-mass system in vacua, and, (c) the mass to fluid density ratio. A parametric study of the response in terms of these basic non-dimensional parameters is carried out. The influence of the fluid on the response of the mass, represented as added mass and effective damping, is also studied as a function of the frequency Reynolds number. The effect of the fluid, in the form of added mass and damping, is clearly evident in the shift of the resonance peaks of the amplitude response curves of the mass. In the absence of known results no quantitative estimate of the accuracy of the method could be made. But the values of the added mass obtained at high frequencies came to within ten per cent of the predictions by inviscid flow theory. This indicates good accuracy at least in this limiting case.
A possible optical counterpart to the old nearby pulsar J0108-1431
Creators: name: Mignani, R. P.
name: Pavlov, G. G.
name: Kargaltsev, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-wavelength study of old (>100 Myr) radio pulsars holds the key to understanding the long-term evolution of neutron stars, including the advanced stages of neutron star cooling and the evolution of the magnetosphere. Optical/UV observations are particularly useful for such studies because they allow one to explore both thermal and non-thermal emission processes. In particular, studying the optical/UV emission constrains temperature of the bulk of the neutron star surface, too cold to be measured in X-ray observations.Aim of this work is to identify the optical counterpart of the very old (166 Myr) radio pulsar J0108-1431. We have re-analyzed our original VLT observations (Mignani et al. 2003), where a very faint object was tentatively detected close to the radio position, near the edge of a field galaxy. We found that the backward extrapolation of the PSR J0108-1431 proper motion recently measured by CHANDRA(Pavlov et al. 2008) nicely fits the position of this object. Based on that, we propose it as a viable candidate for the optical counterpart to PSR J0108-1431. The object fluxes (U =26.4+/-0.3; B =27.9; V >27.8) are consistent with a thermal spectrum with a brightness temperature of 9X10^4 K (for R = 13 km at a distance of 130 pc), emitted from the bulk of the neutron star surface. New optical observations are required to confirm the optical identification of PSR J0108-1431 and measure its spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to A&A
Ti-Zr-Nb-(V) refractory alloy coatings deposited by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering: Structure, mechanical properties, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability
Creators: name: Fraile, A.
name: Cavaleiro, D.
name: Bondarev, Andrey
name: C. Middleburgh, S.
name: E. Lee, W.
name: Fernandes, F.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: A series of TiZrNb(V) high entropy alloy-based metallic coatings have been deposited using high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), with variable V concentrations and constant ratios among the other metals. The coatings were analyzed regarding their composi?tion, surface and cross-sectional morphologies, microstructure, roughness, mechanical properties, oxidation resistance, and thermal stability. The structure of the deposited coatings reveals a transition from the bcc crystal structure to an amorphous phase as the V concentration increases. The addition of V also led to a decrease in roughness Ra and an improvement in adhesion, while it did not affect hardness, which remained at ∼10–11 GPa for all samples. Annealing under a protective atmosphere at 400 °C caused structural ordering, which was followed by an increase in mechanical properties. The purpose of the present paper is, therefore, to present a study on the deposition of TiZrNb coat?ings with increasing V concentration prepared by HiPIMS and to understand the role of V concentration on their structure, chemical com?position, mechanical properties, and oxidation resistance. Comparison of the results with those achieved for a reference TiZrNb coating is presented too.
Diffusion in confined geometries
Creators: name: Burada, P. Sekhar
name: Hanggi, Peter
name: Marchesoni, Fabio
name: Schmid, Gerhard
name: Talkner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive transport of particles or, more generally, small objects is a ubiquitous feature of physical and chemical reaction systems. In configurations containing confining walls or constrictions transport is controlled both by the fluctuation statistics of the jittering objects and the phase space available to their dynamics. Consequently, the study of transport at the macro- and nanoscales must address both Brownian motion and entropic effects. With this survey we report on recent advances in the theoretical and numerical investigation of stochastic transport occurring either in micro-sized geometries of varying cross section or in narrow channels wherein the diffusing particles are hindered from passing each other (single file diffusion). For particles undergoing biased diffusion in static suspension media enclosed by confining geometries, transport exhibits intriguing features such as (i) a decrease of nonlinear mobility with increasing temperature or, also, (ii) a broad excess peak of the effective diffusion above the free diffusion limit. These paradoxical aspects can be understood in terms of entropic contributions resulting from the restricted dynamics in phase space. If, in addition, the suspension medium is subjected to external, time-dependent forcing, rectification or segregation of the diffusing Brownian particles becomes possible. Likewise, the diffusion in very narrow, spatially modulated channels gets modified via contact particle-particle interactions, which induce anomalous sub-diffusion. The effective sub-diffusion constant for a driven single file also develops a resonance-like structure as a function of the confining coupling constant.
description: 15 pages; mini-review
Effective potentials, thermodynamics, and twisted mass quarks
Creators: name: Creutz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using effective Lagrangian arguments, I explore the qualitative behavior expected at finite temperature for two flavor lattice QCD formulated with Wilson fermions and a twisted mass term. A rather rich phase structure is predicted, exhibiting Aoki's parity violating phase along with a deconfinement region forming a conical structure in the space of coupling, hopping parameter, and twisted mass variables.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Bounds for the counting function of the Jordan-Pólya numbers
Creators: name: De Koninck, Jean-Marie
name: Doyon, Nicolas
name: Razafindrasoanaivolala, A. Arthur Bonkli
name: Verreault, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B65 (Primary) 11A41, 11A51, 11N05 (Secondary)

description: A positive integer $n$ is said to be a Jordan-Pólya number if it can be written as a product of factorials. We obtain non-trivial lower and upper bounds for the number of Jordan-Pólya numbers not exceeding a given number $x$.
description: 12 pages
The parton model
Creators: name: Greenberg, O. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give a brief review of the parton model.
description: 6 pages, to appear in Compendium of Quantum Physics, ed. F. Weinert, et al. Misprints corrected, references added, minor changes, additional references added
The dynamics of internal working surfaces in MHD jets
Creators: name: De Colle, Fabio
name: Raga, Alejandro
name: Esquivel, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical effects of magnetic fields in models of radiative, Herbig-Haro (HH) jets have been studied in a number of papers. For example, magnetized, radiative jets from variable sources have been studied with axisymmetric and 3D numerical simulations. In this paper, we present an analytic model describing the effect of a toroidal magnetic field on the internal working surfaces that result from a variability in the ejection velocity. We find that for parameters appropriate for HH jets the forces associated with the magnetic field dominate over the gas pressure force within the working surfaces. Depending on the ram pressure radial cross section of the jet, the magnetic field can produce a strong axial pinch, or, alternatively, a broadening of the internal working surfaces. We check the validity of the analytic model with axisymmetric numerical simulations of variable, magnetized jets.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. ApJ in press
ПРОБЛЕМЫ В СИСТЕМЕ ШКОЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ЕЁ РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Чумакова Виктория Евгеньевна
name: Бориско О.А.
Publisher: name: Кронос: психология и педагогика
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА
ДОСТУПНОСТЬ
ВАРИАТИВНОСТЬ
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

description: В работе выделяются главные проблемы в системе школьного образования, которые можно наблюдать в последнее время; определена сущность главных тенденций в развитии системы образования. Мы говорим об образовании, как одном из самых главных условий развития человечества.
BU CMi as a quadruple doubly eclipsing system
Creators: name: Volkov, I. M.
name: Kravtsova, A. S.
name: Chochol, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We found that the known spectroscopic binary and variable BU~CMi = HD65241 ($V$=6.4-6.7 mag, Sp~=~A0~V) is a quadruple doubly eclipsing 2+2 system. Both eclipsing binaries are detached systems moving in an eccentric orbits: pair "A" with the period $P_A$~=~$2^{d}.94$($e$=0.20) and pair "B" with the period $P_B$~=~$3^{d}.26$ ($e$=0.22). All four components have nearly equal sizes, temperatures and masses in the range $M$~=~3.1--3.4 M$_\odot$ and $A0$ spectra. We derived the mutual orbit of both pairs around the system barycenter with a period of 6.54 years and eccentricity $e$ = 0.71. We detected in pairs "A" and "B" the fast apsidal motion with the periods $U_A$~=~25.0 years and $U_B$~=~25.2 years, respectively. The orbit of each pair shows small nutation-like oscillations in periastron longitude. The age of the system estimated as 200 mln. years. The photometric parallax calculated from the found parameters coincides perfectly with the $GAIA~DR2$ $π$=$0.00407"\pm0.00006"$.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 9 tables
ТРИЗ КАК МЕТОД АКТИВИЗАЦИИ ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ УЧАЩИХСЯ НА УРОКАХ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Creators: name: Каунова Екатерина Викторовна
Publisher: name: Кронос: психология и педагогика
Year: 2020
Subjects: ТЕОРИЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ИЗОБРЕТАТЕЛЬСКИХ ЗАДАЧ (ТРИЗ)
МЕТОД
ПРИЕМ
КРИТИЧЕСКОЕ МЫШЛЕНИЕ
МОЗГОВОЙ ШТУРМ
СИНЕКТИКА
МЕТОД МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО АНАЛИЗА
МЕТОД ФОКАЛЬНЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ
МЕТОД СИСТЕМНОГО АНАЛИЗА
МЕТОД РОБИНЗОНА КРУЗО
THEORY OF INVENTIVE PROBLEM SOLVING (TRIZ)
METHOD
TECHNIQUE
CRITICAL THINKING
BRAINSTORMING
SYNECTICS
METHOD OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
METHOD OF FOCAL OBJECTS
METHOD OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS
ROBINSON CRUSOE METHOD

description: В статье рассмотрены особенности применения технологии ТРИЗ на уроках русского языка. Описываются приемы, которые позволяют активизировать познавательную деятельность учащихся в процессе обучения. Даются методические рекомендации по использованию некоторых методов ТРИЗ.
Soft particle model for block copolymers
Creators: name: Eurich, F.
name: Karatchentsev, A.
name: Baschnagel, J.
name: Dieterich, W.
name: Maass, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A soft particle model for diblock (AB) copolymer melts is proposed. Each molecule is mapped onto two soft spheres built by Gaussian A- and B-monomer distributions. An approximate analytical expression for the joint distribution function for the distance between both spheres and their radii of gyration is derived, which determines the entropic contribution to the intramolecular free energy. Adding a mean-field expression for the intermolecular interactions, we obtain the total free energy of the system. Based on this free energy, Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to study the kinetics of microphase ordering in the bulk and its effect on molecular diffusion. This is followed by an analysis of thin films with emphasis on pattern transfer from walls with a periodic structure. It is shown that the level of coarse graining in the soft particle model is suitable to describe structural and kinetic properties of copolymers on mesoscopic scales.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
Non linear elastic undrained stress-strain model for anisotropicaly consolidated clay
Creators: name: Samarasekera, Lal
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A nonlinear elastic model for normally consolidated clays which accounts for the influence of initial stress anisotropy and stress system change during shear, is presented herein. The analysis of a number of K₀ normally consolidated stress-strain results(published triaxial compression and extension) of different clay, revealed that, all the stress-strain curves could be adequately represented by hyperbolas, when the deviator stress is measured relative to its initial value. However, the writer believes(although not investigated) that the above finding holds true even for over consolidated clays and therefore, the proposed model is believed to be applicable for over consolidated clays too. The model was incorporated in an incremental linear finite element method of analysis programme. Utilizing the parameters from K₀ consolidated triaxial tests, the programme was used to predict other laboratory stress-strain behaviour such as plane strain and simple shear. The predicted strains were in excellent agreement with the measured values in the working range of strains. In an effort to compare the predictions of the proposed model and widely used isotropic hyperbolic models (Duncan et al., 1970) a load deformation analysis of a strip foundation was performed. Isotropic models always overestimated settlements and in some cases by as much as ten times that of the proposed model predictions. The isotropic model predictions of the ultimate bearing stresses were generally higher than those of its counterpart. The anisotropic model yielded shallower and wider failure zones than those produced by the isotropic model for the same loading conditions. A large number of published data on normally consolidated clays were analysed and correlative trends were found between the model parameters, soil index properties and coefficient of earth pressure at rest, K₀. These correlations can provide valuable tools in judging the reasonableness of the parameters obtained from laboratory tests or they can be used to obtain parameters when such test results are unavailable.
Bridging over p-wave pi-production and weak processes in few-nucleon systems with chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Nakamura, Satoshi X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I study an aspect of chiral perturbation theory (χPT) which enables one to ``bridge'' different reactions. That is, an operator fixed in one of the reactions can then be used to predict the other. For this purpose, I calculate the partial wave amplitude for the p-wave pion production (pp\to pnπ^+) using the pion production operator from the lowest and the next nonvanishing orders. The operator includes a contact operator whose coupling has been fixed using a matrix element of a low-energy weak process (pp\to de^+ν_e). I find that this operator does not reproduce the partial wave amplitude extracted from experimental data, showing that the bridging over the reactions with significantly different kinematics is not necessarily successful. I study the dependence of the amplitude on the various inputs such as the NN potential, the πNΔcoupling, and the cutoff. I argue the importance of a higher order calculation. In order to gain an insight into a higher order calculation, I add a higher order counter term to the operator used above, and fit the couplings to both the low-energy weak process and the pion production. The energy dependence of the partial wave amplitude for the pion production is described by the operator consistently with the data. However, I find a result which tells us to be careful about the convergence of the chiral expansion for the pp\to pnπ^+ reaction.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, figures changed, compacted text
Improved Nuclear Physics Near $A=61$ Refines Urca Neutrino Luminosities in Accreted Neutron Star Crusts
Creators: name: Meisel, Zach
name: Hamaker, Alec
name: Bollen, G.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Eibach, M.
name: Gulyuz, K.
name: Izzo, C.
name: Langer, C.
name: Montes, F.
name: Ong, W. -J
name: Puentes, D.
name: Redshaw, M.
name: Ringle, R.
name: Sandler, R.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Schwarz, S.
name: Sumithrarachchi, C. S.
name: Valverde, A. A.
name: Yandow, I. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a Penning trap mass measurement of $^{61}{\rm Zn}$ at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and NuShellX calculations of the $^{61}{\rm Zn}$ and $^{62}{\rm Ga}$ structure using the GXPF1A Hamiltonian to obtain improved estimates of the $^{61}{\rm Zn}(p,γ)^{62}{\rm Ga}$ and $^{60}{\rm Cu}(p,γ)^{61}{\rm Zn}$ reaction rates. Surveying astrophysical conditions for type-I X-ray bursts with the code MESA, implementing our improved reaction rates, and taking into account updated nuclear masses for $^{61}{\rm V}$ and $^{61}{\rm Cr}$ from the recent literature, we refine the neutrino luminosity from the important mass number $A=61$ urca cooling source in accreted neutron star crusts. This improves our understanding of the thermal barrier between deep heating in the crust and the shallow depths where extra heat is needed to explain X-ray superbursts, as well as the expected signature of crust urca neutrino emission in light curves of cooling transients.
description: Submitted
Come on In(clusion): How to Build and Support a Diverse Student Workforce
Creators: name: Saia, Anthony
name: Reher, Alex
name: Sheffield, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Reher, A., Saia, A., & Sheffield, S. (2020). Come on In(clusion): How to Build and Support a Diverse Student Workforce. Presentation given at the Cooperating Raleigh Colleges Library Workshop, Raleigh, NC.
A combined experimental/numerical study on the scaling of impact strength and toughness in composite laminates for ballistic applications
Creators: name: Signetti, Stefano
name: Bosia, Federico
name: Ryu, Seunghwa
name: Pugno, Nicola M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the impact behaviour of composite laminates is investigated, and their potential for ballistic protection assessed, as a function of the reinforcing materials and structures for three representative fibre-reinforced epoxy systems involving carbon, glass, or para-aramid fibre reinforcements, respectively. A multiscale coupled experimental/numerical study on the composite material properties is performed, starting from single fibre, to fibre bundles (yarns), to single composite ply, and finally at laminate level. Uniaxial tensile tests on single fibres and fibre bundles are performed, and the results are used as input for non-linear Finite Element Method (FEM) models for tensile and impact simulation on the composite laminates. Mechanical properties and energy dissipation of the single ply and multilayer laminates under quasi-static loading are preliminarily assessed starting from the mechanical properties of the constituents and subsequently verified numerically. FEM simulations of ballistic impact on multilayer armours are then performed, assessing the three different composites, showing good agreement with experimental tests in terms of impact energy absorption capabilities and deformation/failure behaviour. As result, a generalized multiscale version of the well-known Cuniff criterion is provided as a scaling law, which allows to assess the ballistic performance of laminated composites, starting from the tensile mechanical properties of the fibres and fibre bundles and their volume fraction. The presented multiscale coupled experimental-numerical characterization confirms the reliability of the predictions for full-scale laminate properties starting from the individual constituents at the single fibre scale.
title: Performing Object Consolidation on the Semantic Web Data Graph
Creators: name: Hogan, Aidan
name: Harth, Andreas
name: Decker, Stefan
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algorithms
subject: Design
subject: Semantic Web
subject: Uniform Resource Identifiers
subject: Computer algorithms
subject: Information storage and retrieval systems
subject: Latent semantic indexing
subject: Indexing

description: An important aspect of Semantic Web technologies is the issue of identity and uniquely identifying resources, which is essential for integrating data across sources. Currently, there is poor agreement on the use of common URIs for the same instances across sources and as a result a naively in- tegrated dataset might miss associations between resources. To solve the problem, we present a method for performing large-scale object consolidation to merge identifiers of equivalent instances occurring across data sources; the algorithm is based on the analysis of defined inverse functional properties: properties which have values unique to an instance. We apply our object consolidation algorithm to a dataset of over 72M instances collected from more than 3M Web doc- uments, and o¿er evaluation and discussion on the resulting integrated graph.
USER: A Unified Information Search and Recommendation Model based on Integrated Behavior Sequence
Creators: name: Yao, Jing
name: Dou, Zhicheng
name: Xie, Ruobing
name: Lu, Yanxiong
name: Wang, Zhiping
name: Wen, Ji-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: Search and recommendation are the two most common approaches used by people to obtain information. They share the same goal -- satisfying the user's information need at the right time. There are already a lot of Internet platforms and Apps providing both search and recommendation services, showing us the demand and opportunity to simultaneously handle both tasks. However, most platforms consider these two tasks independently -- they tend to train separate search model and recommendation model, without exploiting the relatedness and dependency between them. In this paper, we argue that jointly modeling these two tasks will benefit both of them and finally improve overall user satisfaction. We investigate the interactions between these two tasks in the specific information content service domain. We propose first integrating the user's behaviors in search and recommendation into a heterogeneous behavior sequence, then utilizing a joint model for handling both tasks based on the unified sequence. More specifically, we design the Unified Information Search and Recommendation model (USER), which mines user interests from the integrated sequence and accomplish the two tasks in a unified way.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, CIKM 2021
Latency-Memory Optimized Splitting of Convolution Neural Networks for Resource Constrained Edge Devices
Creators: name: Jain, Tanmay
name: Avaneesh
name: Verma, Rohit
name: Shorey, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increasing reliance of users on smart devices, bringing essential computation at the edge has become a crucial requirement for any type of business. Many such computations utilize Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) to perform AI tasks, having high resource and computation requirements, that are infeasible for edge devices. Splitting the CNN architecture to perform part of the computation on edge and remaining on the cloud is an area of research that has seen increasing interest in the field. In this paper, we assert that running CNNs between an edge device and the cloud is synonymous to solving a resource-constrained optimization problem that minimizes the latency and maximizes resource utilization at the edge. We formulate a multi-objective optimization problem and propose the LMOS algorithm to achieve a Pareto efficient solution. Experiments done on real-world edge devices show that, LMOS ensures feasible execution of different CNN models at the edge and also improves upon existing state-of-the-art approaches.
Stochastic Electron Acceleration in Shell-Type Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Liu, Siming
name: Fan, Zhong-Hui
name: Fryer, Christopher L.
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stochastic electron acceleration by fast mode waves in the turbulent downstream of weakly magnetized collisionless astrophysical shocks. The acceleration is most efficient in a dissipative layer, and the model characteristics are determined by the shock speed, density, magnetic field, and turbulence decay length. The model explains observations of shell-type supernova remnants RX J1713.7-3946 and J0852.0-4622 and can be tested by observations in hard X-rays with the HXMT and NuSTAR or gamma-rays with the GLAST.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by ApJL
Quench calculation for the CBM Dipole magnet
Creators: name: Kurilkin, P.
name: Szwangruber, P.
name: Floch, E.
name: Toral, F.
name: Malakhow, A.
name: Ladygin, V.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Rotating Black Branes in Brans-Dicke-Born-Infeld Theory
Creators: name: Hendi, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a new class of charged rotating black brane solutions in the higher dimensional Brans-Dicke-Born-Infeld theory and investigate their properties. Solving the field equations directly is a non-trivial task because they include the second derivatives of the scalar field. We remove this difficulty through a conformal transformation. Also, we find that the suitable Lagrangian of Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton gravity is not the same as presented in \cite{DHSR}. We show that the given solutions can present black brane, with inner and outer event horizons, an extreme black brane or a naked singularity provided the parameters of the solutions are chosen suitably. These black brane solutions are neither asymptotically flat nor (anti)-de Sitter. Then we calculate finite Euclidean action, the conserved and thermodynamic quantities through the use of counterterm method. Finally, we argue that these quantities satisfy the first law of thermodynamics, and the entropy does not follow the area law.
description: to be appear in JMP
The duration of load effect in tension perpendicular to the grain for Douglas fir
Creators: name: McDowall, Bruce J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The duration of load problem in wood subjected to stresses in tension perpendicular to the grain is studied both analytically and experimentally. Analytically, viscoelastic models derived from the principles of fracture mechanics are developed and discussed with respect to their application to the failure mechanism of wood in tension and bending. To assess the accuracy of the predictions of these models, they are compared against the experimental results from duration of load tests carried out on Douglas fir in tension perpendicular to the grain. This failure mode is hypothesised as representative of the critical failure initiating mode of commercial material. A specimen design was developed which proved very successful in keeping the coefficient of variation of the short term strength quite low for wood, approximately 10%. This low variability enabled the tests to be carried out with sample sizes much smaller than those used in the duration of load testing of commercial material.
Strings for Quantumchromodynamics
Creators: name: Schomerus, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the last ten years, intriguing dualities between gauge and string theory have been found and explored. They provide a novel window on strongly coupled gauge physics, including QCD-like models. Based on a short historical review of modern string theory, we shall explain how so-called AdS/CFT dualities emerged at the end of the 1990s. Some of their concrete implications and remarkable recent progress are then illustrated for the simplest example, namely the multicolor limit of \N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. We end with a few comments on existing extensions to more realistic models and applications, in particular to strongly coupled quark gluon plasmas. This text is meant as a non-technical introduction to gauge/string dualities for (particle) physicists.
description: 11 pages; Presented at 33rd International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP 06), Moscow, Russia, 26 Jul - 2 Aug 2006
title: From Online Community Data to RDF
Creators: name: Bojars, Uldis
name: Breslin, John
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computer network resources
subject: Blogs
subject: Online chat groups
subject: Metadata
subject: RDF (Document markup language)

description: Large amounts of data are created within online community sites (forums, blogs, etc.). These can serve as a valuable source of information for web users, and usually contain rich meta-information. Most of this information is stored in relational databases, but unfortunately remains locked into these databases and cannot be used by other applications. The SIOC project is aimed at providing guidelines for making this information available on the Web and for using this information for connecting online community sites together. SIOC aims to let other sites know more about the structure and contents of online communities, and to make more use of tagging and semantic metadata in these sites. This position paper describes the approach we have adopted for making online community site data available in RDF from many applications, and we will illustrates it through the example of a SIOC export tool for b2evolution blog engine. As opposed to extracting data directly from a relational database, we attempt to tie our RDF data producers into the associated application logic for each system and reuse built-in functions and APIs where possible to generate RDF data.
Magnetic reconnection and the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the solar corona
Creators: name: Howson, Thomas
name: De Moortel, Ineke
name: Pontin, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The magnetic Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) has been proposed as a means of generating magnetohy- drodynamic turbulence and encouraging wave energy dissipation in the solar corona, particularly within transversely oscillating loops. Aims. Our goal is to determine whether the KHI encourages magnetic reconnection in oscillating flux tubes in the solar corona. This will establish whether the instability enhances the dissipation rate of energy stored in the magnetic field. Methods. We conducted a series of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the KHI excited by an oscillating velocity shear. We investigated the effects of numerical resolution, field line length, and background currents on the growth rate of the KHI and on the subsequent rate of magnetic reconnection. Results. The KHI is able to trigger magnetic reconnection in all cases, with the highest rates occurring during the initial growth phase. Reconnection is found to occur preferentially along the boundaries of Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices, where the shear in the velocity and magnetic fields is greatest. The estimated rate of reconnection is found to be lowest in simulations where the KHI growth rate is reduced. For example, this is the case for shorter field lines or due to shear in the background field. Conclusions. In non-ideal regimes, the onset of the instability causes the local reconnection of magnetic field lines and enhances the rate of coronal wave heating. However, we found that if the equilibrium magnetic field is sheared across the Kelvin-Helmholtz mixing layer, the instability does not significantly enhance the rate of reconnection of the background field, despite the free energy associated with the non-potential field.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures
title: Modulation of pain by stress or negative affect: Role of the endocannabinoid system
Creators: name: Bourke, Stephanie
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology and Therapeutics
subject: pain
subject: neuropathic pain
subject: stress
subject: endocannabinoid
subject: anxiety

description: No abstract available
Cephalapholis nigri
Creators: name: Heemstra, P. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1991
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Perciformes
Serranidae
Cephalapholis
Cephalapholis nigri

description: Cephalapholis nigri (GÜNTHER, 1859)
Fig. 2
Serranus nigri GÜNTHER, 1859: 112 (type locality, mouth of the River Niger; holotype at the BMNH). STEINDACHNER, 1867: 517; 1879: 172; 1882: 21.
Serranas lineo-ocellatus GUICHENOT, in DUMÉRIL., 1861: 244 (type locality, Gabon, Gorée; syntypes MNHN 7370 (118 mm.) Gabon, MNHN 7371 (159 mm.) Goreé); STEINDACHNER, 1870: 582.
Epinephelus nigri BLEEICER, 1863: 45; BOULENGER, 1895: 178, Pl. 3, Fig. A; PELLEGRIN, 1914: 38; MONOD, 1927: 686; CADENAT, 1935: 391, Fig. 6 (copied from BOULENGER, 1895); Serranus cruentatus (non LACEPÈDE): PETERS: 1877: 244, Pl. 1, Fig. 1.
Petrometopon nigri: FOWLER, 1936: 747, POLL, 1954. 45, Fig. 11.
Diagnosis: Dorsal fin IX, 14- 15; anal fin III,8-9; pectoral fin rays 17- 18; lateral--line scales 45 -50; lateral scale series 73-80; gill-rakers 8- 10 + 14- 17; 5 or 6 rudiments on each limb. Body depth distinctly less than head length, contained 2.8-3.0 times in SL (for fish 11 - 15 cm. SL); head length 2.5 -2.6 times in SL; pectoral ﬁns 1.4- 1.7 times in head length; pelvic fins reach anus, 1.6 - 1.9 times in head length. Caudal fm rounded; dorsal ﬁn membranes distinctly indented between the spines. Eye diameter greater than interorbital width, 4.6-5.5 times in head length. Interorbital area flat; preopercle rounded, finely serrate, the lower edge ﬂeshy; subopercle and interopercle smooth; upper edge of operculum convex. Maxilla scaly, reaching well past eye. Lateral body scales ctenoid, without auxiliary scales.
Colour: Dark brownish, with 3 or 4 indistinct dark bars on body (extending onto dorsal fin) and 2 more on caudal peduncle; belly reddish; sides of head with close-set reddish spots forming a reticulated pattern of dark lines; pelvic and anal fins dusky, with small pale (silvery?) spots; tips of interspinous dorsal fin membranes black.
Maximum total length: 30 cm.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
Tropical eastern Atlantic from Sénégal to Lobito, Angola.
REMARKS
Cephalopholis nigri occurs on mud, sand and rock bottoms from shore to depths of 50 (?) m. It is occasionally found in estuaries.
MATERIAL EXAMINED
LIBERIA: CAS/SU 15900 (2, 110- 152 mm.). CAMEROUN: CAS/SU 55618 (111 mm.). GABON: MNHN 7370 (116 mm., holotype of Serranus lineo-acellatus GUICHENOT). ANGOLA: Lobito: RUSI 2704 (156 mm.); SAM 24988 (3, 101- 185 mm.); UMML 30494 (2, 78- 116 mm.); Baia Farta: MB 154 (233 mm.).
description: Published as part of Heemstra, P. C., 1991, A Taxonomic Revision Of The Eastern Atlantic Groupers (Pisces: Serranidae), pp. 5-71 in Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 43 (226) on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12168227
Elastic and magnetoelastic properties of TbMnO3 single crystal by nanosecond time resolved acoustics and first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Hemme, Pierre
name: Djemia, Philippe
name: Rovillain, Pauline
name: Gallais, Yann
name: Sacuto, Alain
name: Forget, Anne
name: Colson, Dorothée
name: Charron, Eric
name: Perrin, Bernard
name: Belliard, Laurent
name: Cazayous, Maximilien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time resolved pump and probe acoustics and first-principles calculations were employed to assess elastic properties of the TbMnO3 perovskite manganite having orthorhombic symmetry. Measuring sound velocities of bulk longitudinal and shear acoustic waves propagating along at least two different directions in the high symmetry planes (100), (010) and (001), provided a powerful mean to selectively determine the six diagonal elastic constants C11= 227 GPa, C22= 349 GPa, C33= 274 GPa, C44= 71 GPa, C55= 57 GPa, C66= 62 GPa. Among the three remaining off-diagonal ones, C23= 103 GPa was determined with a bissectrice direction. Density functional theory calculations with colinear spin-polarized provided complementary insights on their optical, elastic and magnetoelastic properties.
Globular Cluster Intrinsic Iron Abundance Spreads: II. Protocluster Metallicities and the Age-Metallicity Relations of Milky Way Progenitors
Creators: name: Bailin, Jeremy
name: von Klar, Ryker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic iron abundance spreads in globular clusters, although usually small, are very common, and are signatures of self enrichment: some stars within the cluster have been enriched by supernova ejecta from other stars within the same cluster. We use the Bailin (2018) self enrichment model to predict the relationship between properties of the protocluster -- its mass and the metallicity of the protocluster gas cloud -- and the final observable properties today -- its current metallicity and the internal iron abundance spread. We apply this model to an updated catalog of Milky Way globular clusters where the initial mass and/or the iron abundance spread is known to reconstruct their initial metallicities. We find that with the exception of the known anomalous bulge cluster Terzan 5 and three clusters strongly suspected to be nuclear star clusters from stripped dwarf galaxies, the model provides a good lens for understanding their iron spreads and initial metallicities. We then use these initial metallicities to construct age-metallicity relations for kinematically-identified major accretion events in the Milky Way's history. We find that using the initial metallicity instead of the current metallicity does not alter the overall picture of the Milky Way's history, since the difference is usually small, but does provide information that can help distinguish which accretion event some individual globular clusters with ambiguous kinematics should be associated with, and points to potential complexity within the accretion events themselves.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Machine readable full version of Table 1 will be uploaded to CDS once full volume/page number is known; until then it is available at http://simulated-galaxies.ua.edu/gcsigpred_table1.txt
Boundary metrics on soliton moduli spaces
Creators: name: Sutcliffe, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geodesic approximation is a powerful method for studying the dynamics of BPS solitons. However, there are systems, such as BPS monopoles in three-dimensional hyperbolic space, where this approach is not applicable because the moduli space metric defined by the kinetic energy is not finite. In the case of hyperbolic monopoles, an alternative metric has been defined using the abelian connection on the sphere at infinity, but its relation to the dynamics of hyperbolic monopoles is unclear. Here this metric is placed in a more general context of boundary metrics on soliton moduli spaces. Examples are studied in systems in one and two space dimensions, where it is much easier to compare the results with simulations of the full nonlinear field theory dynamics. It is found that geodesics of the boundary metric provide a reasonable description of soliton dynamics.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Human Systems Integration, Human Machine Cooperation and Human Systems Exploration in Industry 4.0: Activities at RWTH Aachen University
Creators: name: Flemisch, Frank Ule
name: Meyer, Nils Ronald
name: Baier, Ralph Oliver
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human Systems Integration
Human Machine Cooperation
Human Systems Exploration
Industry 4.0
Internet of Production
Exploration
Horse-Metaphor

description: Workshop on Human and Industry 4.0, Valenciennes, France, 25 Apr 2019 - 25 Apr 2019; Aachen (2019).
description: Published by Aachen
Nonvariational and singular double phase problems for the Baouendi-Grushin operator
Creators: name: Bahrouni, Anouar
name: Rădulescu, Vicenţiu D.
name: Repovš, Dušan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J70, 35P30, 76H05

description: In this paper we introduce a new double phase Baouendi-Grushin type operator with variable coefficients. We give basic properties of the corresponding functions space and prove a compactness result. In the second part, using topological argument, we prove the existence of weak solutions of some nonvariational problems in which this new operator is present. The present paper extends and complements some of our previous contributions related to double phase anisotropic variational integrals.
Generalized Second Law and phantom Cosmology: accreting black holes
Creators: name: Pacheco, J. A. de Freitas
name: Horvath, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion of phantom fields by black holes within a thermodynamic context is addressed. For a fluid violating the dominant energy condition, case of a phantom fluid, the Euler and Gibbs relations permit two different possibilities for the entropy and temperature: a situation in which the entropy is negative and the temperature is positive or vice-versa. In the former case, if the generalized second law (GSL) is valid, then the accretion process is not allowed whereas in the latter, there is a critical black hole mass below which the accretion process occurs. In a universe dominated by a phantom field, the critical mass drops quite rapidly with the cosmic expansion and black holes are only slightly affected by accretion. All black holes disappear near the big rip, as suggested by previous investigations, if the GSL is violated.
description: 8 pp., no figures
The radio loudness of SDSS quasars from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: ubiquitous jet activity and constraints on star formation
Creators: name: Macfarlane, C.
name: Best, P. N.
name: Sabater, J.
name: Gurkan, G.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
name: Baldi, R. D.
name: Rivera, G. Calistro
name: Duncan, K. J.
name: Morabito, L. K.
name: Prandoni, I.
name: Retana-Montenegro, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the distribution of radio emission from ~42,000 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, as measured in the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). We present a model of the radio luminosity distribution of the quasars that assumes that every quasar displays a superposition of two sources of radio emission: active galactic nuclei (jets) and star-formation. Our two-component model provides an excellent match to the observed radio flux density distributions across a wide range of redshifts and quasar optical luminosities; this suggests that the jet-launching mechanism operates in all quasars but with different powering efficiency. The wide distribution of jet powers allows for a smooth transition between the 'radio-quiet' and 'radio-loud' quasar regimes, without need for any explicit bimodality. The best-fit model parameters indicate that the star-formation rate of quasar host galaxies correlates strongly with quasar luminosity and also increases with redshift at least out to z~2. For a model where star-formation rate scales as $SFR \propto L_{bol}^α(1+z)^β$, we find $α= 0.47 \pm 0.01$ and $β= 1.61 \pm 0.05$, in agreement with far-infrared studies. Quasars contribute ~0.15 per cent of the cosmic star-formation rate density at z=0.5, rising to 0.4 per cent by z=2. The typical radio jet power is seen to increase with both increasing optical luminosity and black hole mass independently, but does not vary with redshift, suggesting intrinsic properties govern the production of the radio jets. We discuss the implications of these results for the triggering of quasar activity and the launching of jets.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 21 pages