Gyrocotyle discoveryi Bray &amp; Waeschenbach &amp; Littlewood &amp; Halvorsen &amp; Olson 2020, n. sp.
Creators: name: Bray, Rodney A.
name: Waeschenbach, Andrea
name: Littlewood, D. Timothy J.
name: Halvorsen, Odd
name: Olson, Peter D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Cestoda
Gyrocotylidea
Gyrocotylidae
Gyrocotyle
Gyrocotyle discoveryi

description: <i>Gyrocotyle discoveryi</i> n. sp. <i>Type-host</i>: <i>Hydrolagus mirabilis</i> (Collett) (Chimaeriformes: Chimaeridae), large-eyed rabbitfish. <i>Type-locality</i>: Goban Spur, North-East Atlantic. <i>Other localities</i>: Porcupine Seabight (51°09 <i> 0</i> N, 11°55 <i> 0</i> W, depth 1,200 m, 30.xi.2002, RRS <i>Discovery</i> Cruise, No. 15048-14, 15); Goban Spur (49°49 <i> 0</i> N, 11°44 <i> 0</i> W, depth 1,175–1,250 m, 27.iv.2001, RRS <i>Discovery</i> Cruise 252, No. 13963/17, 20, 24, 72; 49°41 <i> 0</i> N, 11°53 <i> 0</i> W, depth 1,053–1,077 m, 23.iv.2001, RRS <i>Discovery</i> Cruise 252, No. 13962/4; 49°47 <i> 0</i> N, 11°58 <i> 0</i> W, depth 1,240–1,360 m, 19.x.2002, RRS <i>Discovery</i> Cruise D 266, No. 15066-124, 125; 51°09 <i> 0</i> N, 11°55 <i> 0</i> W, depth 1200 m, 30.ix.2002, RRS <i>Discovery</i> Cruise D 266, No. 15063-103), North-East Atlantic. <i>Type-material</i>: Holotype (NHMUK 2019.11.21.3), paratypes (NHMUK.2019.11.21.4-13 from Goban Spur; NHMUK.2019.11.21.14-19 from Porcupine Sea Bight).). <i>Site in host</i>: Spiral intestine. <i>Representative DNA sequences</i>: MN655879 and MN655881 (<i>ssrDNA</i>); MN657003-MN657005, MN657007- MN657009, MN657011 (<i>lsrDNA</i>, domains D1-D3). <i>ZooBank registration</i>: The Life Science Identifier (LSID) for <i>Gyrocotyle discoveryi</i> n. sp. is urn:lsid:- zoobank.org:act:7B028A0B-B8EB-495E-A9F1- F29DDB60B89A. <i>Etymology:</i> The species is named after the RRS <i>Discovery</i>, the NERC research vessel on which the specimens were collected. Description [Based on 17 specimens; Figs. 4–6.] With characters of the order. Body relatively squat, with deeply crenulated margins, 8,634 –17,586 X 4,996 –8,439 (12,071 X 6,676), width 36–98 (60)% of length. Anterior sucker distinct, 1,149 –1,621 (1,347) long, 596–1,022 (771) wide. Uterus large, in central part of body, 1,546 –2,996 (2,232) from anterior extremity, 2,453 –6,226 (4,533) long, 35–43 (38)% of body length. Rosette distinct, fairly complex, 1,797 –3,092 (2,575) long, junction with soma not clear. Eggs tanned, operculate, 85– 97 X 39–56 (89 X 49). Diagnosis <i>Gyrocotyle discoveryi</i> n. sp. can be diagnosed from other congeners on the basis of unique nucleotide characters in our rDNA alignments (listed as alignment position-nucleotide): <i>ssrDNA</i>: 176-G, 782-G, 862-G, 973-C; <i>lsrDNA</i>: 573-A, 800-T, 1,245-C, 1,246- C, 1,247-G, 1,360-T, 1,369-T, 1,375-C, 1,379-G, 1,382-G, 1,391-A, 1,449-T, 1,468-T, 1,477-T. Remarks Mauchline &amp; Gordon (1984) reported a ‘‘cestode’’ in <i>Hy. mirabilis</i> from the Rockall Trough off NW Scotland, which is, as far as we are aware, the only possible record of a <i>Gyrocotyle</i> from this host. Two species of <i>Gyrocotyle</i>, <i>G. major</i> van der Land &amp; Templeman, 1968 and <i>G. abyssicola</i> van der Land &amp; Templeman, 1968, have been reported from its congener, the small-eyed rabbit fish <i>Hydrolagus affinis</i> (de Brito Capello) on the edges of the continental shelf off the eastern coast of Newfoundland (van der Land &amp; Templeman, 1968). These two species are illustrated as much more elongate than our specimens, with less complex lateral wrinkling and small rosettes. The worms were recovered from frozen hosts, so the gross morphology may well not be of significance in differentiating these species. Subsequently, these two taxa have been reported from the same host species off south-western Greenland by Karlsbakk et al. (2002) and, puzzlingly, from a rhinochimaerine species, the straight-nosed rabbit fish <i>Rhinochimaera atlantica</i> Holt &amp; Byrne, off the Scotian Shelf by Hogans &amp; Hurlbut (1984). In the North-East Atlantic, <i>R. atlantica</i> has not been found harbouring <i>Gyrocotyle</i>, but it does harbour the strobilate tapeworm <i>Chimaerocestos prudhoei</i> Williams &amp; Bray, 1984 and a congeneric host, the Pacific spookfish <i>R. pacifica</i> (Mitsukuri, 1895) also harbours a species of <i>Chimaerocestos</i> Williams &amp; Bray, 1984 (see Caira et al., 1999, 2014). Other records of <i>Gyrocotyle</i> spp. from <i>Hydrolagus</i> spp. are from the Pacific Ocean (see Bandoni &amp; Brooks, 1987). There are no reliable morphological characters to differentiate this species or indeed any of the gyrocotylidean species circumscribed by molecular means. Therefore, the species is diagnosed by its relatively marked sequence divergence from those of recognised species.
description: Published as part of <i>Bray, Rodney A., Waeschenbach, Andrea, Littlewood, D. Timothy J., Halvorsen, Odd &amp; Olson, Peter D., 2020, Molecular circumscription of new species of Gyrocotyle Diesing, 1850 (Cestoda) from deep-sea chimaeriform holocephalans in the North Atlantic, pp. 285-296 in Systematic Parasitology 97</i> on pages 292-293, DOI: 10.1007/s11230-020-09912-w, http://zenodo.org/record/4623814
description: {"references": ["Mauchline, J., &amp; Gordon, J. D. M. (1984). Incidence of parasitic worms in stomachs of pelagic and demersal fish of the Rockall Trough, northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Fish Biology, 24, 281 - 285.", "van der Land, J., &amp; Templeman, W. (1968). Two new species of Gyrocotyle (Monogenea) from Hydrolagus affinis (Brito Capello) (Holocephali). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 11, 2365 - 2385.", "Karlsbakk, E., Aspholm, P. E., Berg, V., Hareide, N. R., &amp; Berland, B. (2002). Some parasites of the small-eyed rabbitfish, Hydrolagus affinis (Capello, 1867) (Holocephali), caught in deep waters off SW Greenland. Sarsia, 87, 179 - 184.", "Hogans, W. E., &amp; Hurlbut, T. R. (1984). Parasites of the knifenose chimaera, Rhinochimaera atlantica, from the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Canadian Field-Naturalist, 98, 365.", "Williams, H. H., &amp; Bray, R. A. (1984). Chimaerocestos prudhoei gen. et sp. nov., representing a new family of tetraphyllideans and the first record of strobilate tapeworms from a holocephalan. Parasitology, 88, 105 - 116.", "Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., &amp; Healy, C. J. (1999). On the phylogenetic relationships among tetraphyllidean, lecanicephalidean and diphyllidean tapeworm genera. Systematic Parasitology, 42, 77 - 151.", "Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Waeschenbach, A., Olson, P. D., &amp; Littlewood, D. T. J. (2014). Orders out of chaos - molecular phylogenetics reveals the complexity of shark and stingray tapeworm relationships. International Journal for Parasitology, 44, 55 - 73.", "Bandoni, S. M., &amp; Brooks, D. R. (1987). Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Gyrocotylidea Poche, 1926 (Platyhelminthes: Cercomeria: Cercomeromorpha). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65, 2369 - 2389."]}