cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AN OPTIMIZED PNEUMATIC SPRAY BASED SOLID SET CANOPY DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR EFFICIENT AGROCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS IN MODERN APPLE ORCHARDS
Creators: name: Sahni, Ramesh Kumar
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological efficacy
Fixed spray system
Off-target drift
Spray coverage
Spray deposition
SSCDS

description: The overall goal of this dissertation was to optimize the pneumatic spray delivery (PSD) based solid set canopy delivery system (SSCDS) for efficient chemical application in tall spindle modern apple orchards typical in Washington state. For a fully functional PSD based SSCDS, the existing reservoir module needed to be redesigned for larger capacity per liner spray length and minimal to no post-spray losses. Thus, as objective I, the reservoir module was reengineered and evaluated with three sizes (1X [370 ml]), 2X [740 ml], and 3X [1,140 ml]) in five SSCDS configurations. The configurations having separate outlet from reservoirs provided lower pressure drop and better spray uniformity. Field trials further confirmed suitability of the 2X and 3X reservoirs with separate outlet configurations. The PSD based SSCDS with 2X reservoir showed comparable spray deposition to airblast sprayer with no significant difference in different canopy zones. However, spray coverage was significantly higher for airblast sprayer potentially due to presence of air-assist. This air-assist may also have contributed to significantly higher spray losses to the ground and aerial drift in airblast sprayer. For PSD based SSCDS, the ground drift was mostly confined within 4.1 m downwind of the sprayed row.
description: In objective II of this dissertation, biological efficacy of PSD based SSCDS was evaluated towards control of obliquebanded leafroller (OBLR) and codling moth. The studies were conducted using leaf and fruit bioassays using plant tissues collected from the sprayed orchards in a commercial setting. These results were contrasted against an axial-fan airblast sprayer and an untreated control. Similar OBLR and codling moth larval mortality was observed on leaf and fruit bioassays for both the spray systems which was higher than control. Overall, reengineered reservoir module integrated PSD based SSCDS has potential to be adopted in large scale commercial apple orchards. Furthermore, it would potentially reduce the installation and maintenance cost with improved spray performance compared to the prior system.
General Anesthetic Binding Sites in Human α4β3δ γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors (GABAARs)*
Creators: name: Chiara, David C
name: Jounaidi, Youssef
name: Zhou, Xiaojuan
name: Savechenkov, Pavel Y
name: Bruzik, Karol
name: Miller, Keith W
name: Cohen, Jonathan B
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Extrasynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs),which contribute generalized inhibitory tone to the mammalian brain, are major targets for general anesthetics. To identify anesthetic binding sites in an extrasynaptic GABAAR, we photolabeled human α4β3δ GABAARs purified in detergent with [3H]azietomidate and a barbiturate, [3H]R-mTFD-MPAB, photoreactive anesthetics that bind with high selectivity to distinct but homologous intersubunit binding sites in the transmembrane domain of synaptic α1β3γ2 GABAARs. Based upon 3H incorporation into receptor subunits resolved by SDS-PAGE, there was etomidate-inhibitable labeling by [3H]azietomidate in the α4 and β3 subunits and barbiturate-inhibitable labeling by [3H]R-mTFD-MPAB in the β3 subunit. These sites did not bind the anesthetic steroid alphaxalone, which enhanced photolabeling, or DS-2, a δ subunit-selective positive allosteric modulator, which neither enhanced nor inhibited photolabeling. The amino acids labeled by [3H]azietomidate or [3H]R-mTFD-MPAB were identified by N-terminal sequencing of fragments isolated by HPLC fractionation of enzymatically digested subunits. No evidence was found for a δ subunit contribution to an anesthetic binding site. [3H]azietomidate photolabeling of β3Met-286 in βM3 and α4Met-269 in αM1 that was inhibited by etomidate but not by R-mTFD-MPAB established that etomidate binds to a site at the β3+-α4- interface equivalent to its site in α1β3γ2 GABAARs. [3H]Azietomidate and [3H]R-mTFD-MPAB photolabeling of β3Met-227 in βM1 established that these anesthetics also bind to a homologous site, most likely at the β3+-β3- interface, which suggests a subunit arrangement of β3α4β3δβ3.
Low-temperature thermal transport in moiré superlattices
Creators: name: Krisna, Lukas P. A.
name: Kawakami, Takuto
name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the phonon thermal conductivity of various moiré bilayer systems using a continuum approach and the semiclassical transport theory. When the twist angle is close to 0, we observe a significant reduction of thermal conductivity in a particular low-temperature regime. This reduction is attributed to a moiré-induced reconstruction of acoustic phonon bands and associated decrease of the group velocity. Conversely, in the zero temperature limit, the thermal conductivity is enhanced by moiré effect, surpassing the original values in non-moiré counterparts. These changes result in a characteristic temperature dependence which deviates from the quadratic behavior in intrinsic two-dimensional systems.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
title: Produktveränderungen in der Lebensversicherung und Auswirkungen der Wirtschaftskrise 2008
Creators: name: Wissgott, Andreas
Year: 2010

description: Ziel dieser Magisterarbeit ist es, zu untersuchen, ob in Österreich in einem längeren Zeitraum Veränderungen beim Abschluss von Lebensversicherungsprodukten zu erkennen sind und ob in den Bilanzen von Versicherungen Auswirkungen der Wirtschaftskrise 2008 festzustellen sind. Dazu werden die wichtigsten Produkte der Lebensversicherung beschrieben und ihre Kalkulationsgrundlagen und die Ermittlung der Gewinnbeteiligung dargestellt. Eine Untersuchung des Lebensversicherungsmarktes der Jahre 2000 bis 2008 ergibt, dass es eine starke Verschiebung von der klassischen Lebensversicherung zur fonds- und indexgebundenen Lebensversicherung gibt. In diesem Zeitraum haben sich auch die gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen deutlich verändert. Um eventuelle Auswirkungen der Wirtschaftskrise erkennen zu können, werden die Bilanzen der acht größten Lebensversicherungsgesellschaften von 2004 bis 2008 detailliert analysiert. Damit eine bessere Vergleichbarkeit gegeben ist, wird eine größere Anzahl unterschiedlicher Kennziffern erarbeitet. Die Auswirkungen der Wirtschaftskrise 2008 sind in den Bilanzen der Gesellschaften unterschiedlich stark aber deutlich zu erkennen. Im Gegensatz zu den Banken benötigt aber kein österreichisches Lebensversicherungsunternehmen eine staatliche Unterstützung.
Tomography of a single-atom-resolved detector in the presence of shot-to-shot number fluctuations
Creators: name: Allemand, Maxime
name: Jannin, Raphael
name: Dupuy, Géraud
name: Bureik, Jan-Philipp
name: Pezzè, Luca
name: Boiron, Denis
name: Clément, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tomography of single-particle-resolved detectors is of primary importance for characterizing particle correlations with applications in quantum metrology, quantum simulation and quantum computing. However, it is a non-trivial task in practice due to the unavoidable presence of noise that affects the measurement but does not originate from the detector. In this work, we address this problem for a three-dimensional single-atom-resolved detector where shot-to-shot atom number fluctuations are a central issue to perform a quantum detector tomography. We overcome this difficulty by exploiting the parallel measurement of counting statistics in sub-volumes of the detector, from which we evaluate the effect of shot-to-shot fluctuations and perform a local tomography of the detector. In addition, we illustrate the validity of our method from applying it to Gaussian quantum states with different number statistics. Finally, we show that the response of Micro-Channel Plate detectors is well-described from using a binomial distribution with the detection efficiency as a single parameter.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Large anomalous Nernst effect in the ferromagnetic Fe3Si polycrystal
Creators: name: Wang, Yangming
name: Minami, Susumu
name: Sakai, Akito
name: Chen, Taishi
name: Feng, Zili
name: Nishio-Hamane, Daisuke
name: Nakatsuji, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-throughput calculation predicts that the Fe-based cubic ferromagnet Fe$_3$Si may exhibit a large anomalous Nernst effect (ANE). Here, we report our experimental observation of the large Nernst coefficient $S_{yx}\sim$2 $μ$V/K and the transverse thermoelectric coefficient $-α_{yx}$ $\sim$ 3 Am$^{-1}$K$^{-1}$ for Fe$_3$Si polycrystal at room temperature. The large $-α_{yx}$ indicates that the large ANE originates from the intrinsic Berry curvature mechanism. The high Curie temperature of 840 K and the most abundant raw elements of Fe and Si make Fe$_3$Si a competitive candidate for Nernst thermoelectric generations.
description: Accepted to Proceedings of the 15th Asia Pacific Physics Conference (APPC 15), Springer Nature
MICROCYSTIN-LR HEPATIC AND RENAL TOXICITY IN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Creators: name: Arman, Tarana
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Carcinogenesis
Chronic kidney disease
Fibrosis
Microcystin
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Biology

description: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. Up to 54% of patients with a severe form of NAFLD, called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), also have chronic kidney disease (CKD). NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of liver pathologies including steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocellular ballooning, and is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. CKD is defined by proteinuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate. NAFLD and CKD share multiple risk factors including obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension. In addition, various environmental toxicants are implicated in pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD and CKD. This dissertation presents work on the role of microcystin-LR (MCLR) in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and CKD. Microcystin-LR is produced by blue-green algae that is found in surface water, and it is a well-known liver and kidney toxin. The central hypothesis defended in this dissertation is that MCLR irreversibly exacerbates the hepatic and renal manifestations of NASH. Exacerbation (Specific Aim 1) and irreversibility (Specific Aim 2) of the NASH phenotype by MCLR were tested in a diet-induced rodent NASH model. It was found that sub-chronic MCLR exposure induced a burnt-out NASH hepatic phenotype, characterized by loss of steatosis and increased fibrosis. It was also found that MCLR increased proteinuria and renal tubule cast formation in the rodent NASH model. Burnt-out NASH is a risk factor for mortality in NAFLD patients, and our findings suggest that MCLR exacerbates liver disease and increases the risk of death in NASH patients and be a risk factor for CKD in humans. Reversibility of MCLR toxicity was examined next. In NASH animals, MCLR-induced fibrosis persisted at least 4 weeks after toxin exposure discontinuation. Gene expression profiling (RNA-seq) further showed persistent overexpression of cancer-related genes 4 weeks post exposure. The data suggest the toxin has a long-lasting impact on the liver, that has the potential to increase the risk for hepato-cellular carcinoma in NASH patients. Collectively, the studies confirmed that MCLR exacerbates hepatic and renal pathology in NASH and confirmed partial irreversibility of the toxin action and the potential for short-term exposure to increase the risk for long-term adverse consequences.
Piezoresistivity as a Fingerprint of Ferroaxial Transitions
Creators: name: Day-Roberts, Ezra
name: Fernandes, Rafael M.
name: Birol, Turan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the understanding of the collective behavior of electrons and ions have revealed new types of ferroic orders beyond ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, such as the ferroaxial state. The latter retains only rotational symmetry around a single axis and reflection symmetry with respect to a single mirror plane, both of which are set by an emergent electric toroidal dipole moment. Due to this unusual symmetry-breaking pattern, it has been challenging to directly measure the ferroaxial order parameter, despite the increasing attention this state has drawn. Here, we show that off-diagonal components of the piezoresistivity tensor (i.e., the linear change in resistivity under strain) transform the same way as the ferroaxial moments, providing a direct probe of such order parameters. We identify two new proper ferroaxial materials through a materials database search, and use first-principles calculations to evaluate the piezoconductivity of the double-perovskite CaSnF$_6$, revealing its connection to ferroaxial order and to octahedral rotation modes.
Additional file 4 of Targeting mTOR and survivin concurrently potentiates radiation therapy in renal cell carcinoma by suppressing DNA damage repair and amplifying mitotic catastrophe
Creators: name: Rachamala, Hari K.
name: Madamsetty, Vijay S.
name: Angom, Ramcharan S.
name: Nakka, Naga M.
name: Dutta, Shamit Kumar
name: Wang, Enfeng
name: Mukhopadhyay, Debabrata
name: Pal, Krishnendu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 4
Fully Reversing the Shoebox Image Source Method: From Impulse Responses to Room Parameters
Creators: name: Sprunck, Tom
name: Deleforge, Antoine
name: Privat, Yannick
name: Foy, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm that fully reverses the shoebox image source method (ISM), a popular and widely used room impulse response (RIR) simulator for cuboid rooms introduced by Allen and Berkley in 1979. More precisely, given a discrete multichannel RIR generated by the shoebox ISM for a microphone array of known geometry, the algorithm reliably recovers the 18 input parameters. These are the 3D source position, the 3 dimensions of the room, the 6-degrees-of-freedom room translation and orientation, and an absorption coefficient for each of the 6 room boundaries. The approach builds on a recently proposed gridless image source localization technique combined with new procedures for room axes recovery and first-order-reflection identification. Extensive simulated experiments reveal that near-exact recovery of all parameters is achieved for a 32-element, 8.4-cm-wide spherical microphone array and a sampling rate of 16~kHz using fully randomized input parameters within rooms of size 2X2X2 to 10X10X5 meters. Estimation errors decay towards zero when increasing the array size and sampling rate. The method is also shown to strongly outperform a known baseline, and its ability to extrapolate RIRs at new positions is demonstrated. Crucially, the approach is strictly limited to low-passed discrete RIRs simulated using the vanilla shoebox ISM. Nonetheless, it represents to our knowledge the first algorithmic demonstration that this difficult inverse problem is in-principle fully solvable over a wide range of configurations.
Strong-to-Weak Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Mixed Quantum States
Creators: name: Lessa, Leonardo A.
name: Ma, Ruochen
name: Zhang, Jian-Hao
name: Bi, Zhen
name: Cheng, Meng
name: Wang, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry in mixed quantum states can manifest in two distinct forms: strong symmetry, where each individual pure state in the quantum ensemble is symmetric with the same charge, and weak symmetry, which applies only to the entire ensemble. This paper explores a novel type of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) where a strong symmetry is broken to a weak one. While the SSB of a weak symmetry is measured by the long-ranged two-point correlation function, the strong-to-weak SSB (SW-SSB) is measured by the fidelity correlator. We prove that SW-SSB is a universal property of mixed-state quantum phases, in the sense that the phenomenon of SW-SSB is robust against symmetric low-depth local quantum channels. We also show that the symmetry breaking is "spontaneous" in the sense that the effect of a local symmetry-breaking measurement cannot be recovered locally. We argue that a thermal state at a nonzero temperature in the canonical ensemble (with fixed symmetry charge) should have spontaneously broken strong symmetry. Additionally, we study non-thermal scenarios where decoherence induces SW-SSB, leading to phase transitions described by classical statistical models with bond randomness. In particular, the SW-SSB transition of a decohered Ising model can be viewed as the "ungauged" version of the celebrated toric code decodability transition. We confirm that, in the decohered Ising model, the SW-SSB transition defined by the fidelity correlator is the only physical transition in terms of channel recoverability. We also comment on other (inequivalent) definitions of SW-SSB, through correlation functions with higher Renyi indices.
description: 17+6 pages, 4 figures
Probabilistic Forward Modeling of Galaxy Catalogs with Normalizing Flows
Creators: name: Crenshaw, John Franklin
name: Kalmbach, J. Bryce
name: Gagliano, Alexander
name: Yan, Ziang
name: Connolly, Andrew J.
name: Malz, Alex I.
name: Schmidt, Samuel J.
name: Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evaluating the accuracy and calibration of the redshift posteriors produced by photometric redshift (photo-z) estimators is vital for enabling precision cosmology and extragalactic astrophysics with modern wide-field photometric surveys. Evaluating photo-z posteriors on a per-galaxy basis is difficult, however, as real galaxies have a true redshift but not a true redshift posterior. We introduce PZFlow, a Python package for the probabilistic forward modeling of galaxy catalogs with normalizing flows. For catalogs simulated with PZFlow, there is a natural notion of "true" redshift posteriors that can be used for photo-z validation. We use PZFlow to simulate a photometric galaxy catalog where each galaxy has a redshift, noisy photometry, shape information, and a true redshift posterior. We also demonstrate the use of an ensemble of normalizing flows for photo-z estimation. We discuss how PZFlow will be used to validate the photo-z estimation pipeline of the Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC), and the wider applicability of PZFlow for statistical modeling of any tabular data.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, submitted to AJ
Transitioning to adulthood: An investigation of developmental predictors of work experiences among high-risk status youth
Creators: name: Smith, Mashonda
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: job-preparedness
job-readiness
justice-involved youth
transition to adulthood
workforce development
youth employment
Public Policy

description: Study Purpose: The primary goal of this study is to empirically identify common developmental factors that are most likely to influence public workforce development programs targeting high-risk status youths’ successful outcomes, specifically their transition(s) into adulthood and thus the world of work.
description: Methodology:To systematically review and identify research literature and studies in the area(s) of high-risk status youths’ preparedness and/or readiness to successfully participate in public workforce development programs as indicated by their previous work experience(s) and to identify existing empirically derived research data and findings within this area of research in order to inform the development and implementation of future public workforce development programs. Logistic Regression analysis was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 package.
description: Results:Logistic Regression, using the enter method, was conducted to determine whether the following commonly identified developmental factors can predict past work experience(s) among a group of justice-involved, high-risk status youth: age, grade, family income, school behavior, substance treatment, and delinquency history. Assessment of the regression coefficients demonstrated that of all the included predictor variables, three were found to be statistically significant (p<.05): age, having an annual family income of between $15k - $35K, and being in grade nine was significantly associated with having prior work experience and/or exposure.
description: Conclusion:Overall, the study analyses demonstrate that common child developmental factors such as family income, age (i.e. level of maturation) and academic achievement (i.e. highest grade completed) are important contributors and indicators of a young person’s transitional status into adulthood, particularly in the adult role of “Worker”.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF DIETARY BIOACTIVE COMPOUND ON INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND COLORECTAL CANCER
Creators: name: Tian, Qiyu
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023

description: The industrial revolution is associated with a surge in the number of cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in western countries. In recent years, the incidence of IBD is continuously rising in newly industrialized countries. Additionally, the risk of colorectal cancer significantly increased in IBD patients. Diet plays an important role in IBD development, especially for diet with high amounts of processed food and unsaturated fat, but low amounts of vegetables. In this dissertation, the effects of bioactive compounds on inflammatory bowel diseases and colitis associated colorectal cancer were examined by a series of studies. In the first study, mice were subjected to azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment for inducing colorectal cancer. Grape pomace (GP) supplementation decreased tumor number, tumor size and pathological scores. Inflammatory response was also suppressed by dietary GP associated with inhibition of epithelial cell proliferation. Dietary GP protected DNA hypermethylation in the promoter of cdx2, a master regulator in intestinal epithelial differentiation.
description: In the second study, dietary aKG alleviated mucosal damage and macrophage infiltration into colonic tissue induced by DSS, consistent with suppressed gut inflammation and Wnt signaling. Dietary aKG enhanced M1 to M2 macrophage polarization and improved intestinal barrier function. Additionally, aKG supplementation led to elevated colonic aKG levels while decreasing 2-hydroxyglutarate levels suggesting lower glycolytic metabolism.
description: In the third study, the protective effects of dietary glucoraphanin (GRP) on inflammation and oxidative stress were examined in an acute colitis mouse model induced by DSS. Dietary GRP prevented DSS-induced body weight loss and colon shortening, which was associated with decreased inflammatory cytokines. Dietary GRP activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in the colonic tissues of DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, GRP supplementation prevented mice from oxidative damage of the colon.
description: In conclusion, this project used DSS and AOM/DSS animal models to demonstrate the beneficial effects of bioactive compounds on IBD and colorectal cancer prevention. Importantly, these studies identified possible molecular targets for the beneficial effects of different bioactive compounds.
Huygens Synchronization of Three Aligned Clocks
Creators: name: Buescu, Jorge
name: D'Aniello, Emma
name: Oliveira, Henrique M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D06, 37E30

description: This study examines the synchronization of three identical oscillators arranged in an array and coupled by small impacts, wherein each oscillator interacts solely with its nearest neighbor. The synchronized state, which is asymptotically stable, is characterized by phase opposition among alternating oscillators. We analyze the system using a non-linear discrete dynamical system based on a difference equation derived from the iteration of a plane diffeomorphism. We illustrate these results with the application to a system of three aligned Andronov clocks, showcasing their applicability to a broad range of oscillator systems.
description: 19 Pages
Computable entanglement cost under positive partial transpose operations
Creators: name: Lami, Ludovico
name: Mele, Francesco Anna
name: Regula, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information theory is plagued by the problem of regularisations, which require the evaluation of formidable asymptotic quantities. This makes it computationally intractable to gain a precise quantitative understanding of the ultimate efficiency of key operational tasks such as entanglement manipulation. Here we consider the problem of computing the asymptotic entanglement cost of preparing noisy quantum states under quantum operations with positive partial transpose (PPT). By means of an analytical example, a previously claimed solution to this problem is shown to be incorrect. Building on a previous characterisation of the PPT entanglement cost in terms of a regularised formula, we construct instead a hierarchy of semi-definite programs that bypasses the issue of regularisation altogether, and converges to the true asymptotic value of the entanglement cost. Our main result establishes that this convergence happens exponentially fast, thus yielding an efficient algorithm that approximates the cost up to an additive error $\varepsilon$ in time $\mathrm{poly}(D,\,\log(1/\varepsilon))$, where $D$ is the underlying Hilbert space dimension. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an asymptotic entanglement measure is shown to be efficiently computable despite no closed-form formula being available.
description: 8+23 pages, no figures. In v2 we corrected several typos and changed the title to match the published version, to which v2 is very close
Advances in Robust Federated Learning: A Survey with Heterogeneity Considerations
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan
name: Liao, Tianchi
name: Deng, Xiaojun
name: Wu, Zihou
name: Huang, Sheng
name: Zheng, Zibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the field of heterogeneous federated learning (FL), the key challenge is to efficiently and collaboratively train models across multiple clients with different data distributions, model structures, task objectives, computational capabilities, and communication resources. This diversity leads to significant heterogeneity, which increases the complexity of model training. In this paper, we first outline the basic concepts of heterogeneous federated learning and summarize the research challenges in federated learning in terms of five aspects: data, model, task, device, and communication. In addition, we explore how existing state-of-the-art approaches cope with the heterogeneity of federated learning, and categorize and review these approaches at three different levels: data-level, model-level, and architecture-level. Subsequently, the paper extensively discusses privacy-preserving strategies in heterogeneous federated learning environments. Finally, the paper discusses current open issues and directions for future research, aiming to promote the further development of heterogeneous federated learning.
title: Quotenrenner "People-Magazine"
Creators: name: Rauchenberger, Verena
Year: 2010

description: Das Thema „People-Magazine“ birgt ein umfassendes, noch weitgehend unerforschtes Feld innerhalb der Kommunikationswissenschaft. Nicht nur ist es interessant zu ergründen, worin das Erfolgsrezept dieses Konzepts liegt, besonders wissenswert sind hier die Ansichten der RezipientInnen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beleuchtet den medienpsychologischen Aspekt des Genres und konzentriert sich dabei vor allem auf die ZuschauerInnen. Die forschungsleitende Frage lautet: Aus welchen Gründen rezipieren ZuseherInnen „People-Magazine“? Welche Motive sind dazu ausschlaggebend? Zunächst wird das Genre der „People-Magazine“ näher erklärt und die beiden untersuchten Sendungen „Seitenblicke“ und „Hi Society“ beschrieben. Anschließend wird das Phänomen Prominenz nach mehreren Aspekten wie etwa Aufmerksamkeit, Narzissmus und Inszenierung beleuchtet. Ein weiteres Kapitel zeigt die für diese Untersuchung relevanten kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Theorien Uses-and-Gratifications-Approach und Parasoziale Bezugnahmen sowie Prominenzpublikums-Einteilungen nach Gamson und Thiele-Dohrmann. Im Anschluss werden die in dieser Arbeit untersuchten Motivdimensionen im Detail erklärt. Der empirische Teil der Arbeit enthält ein detailliertes Untersuchungsdesign, eine umfassende Auswertung, eine Interpretation der Ergebnisse sowie eine abschließende Zusammenfassung. Im Anhang befinden sich zudem das Untersuchungsinstrument - der Fragebogen, sowie wesentliche Tabellen.
A Classification-by-Retrieval Framework for Few-Shot Anomaly Detection to Detect API Injection Attacks
Creators: name: Aharon, Udi
name: Dubin, Ran
name: Dvir, Amit
name: Hajaj, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Application Programming Interface (API) Injection attacks refer to the unauthorized or malicious use of APIs, which are often exploited to gain access to sensitive data or manipulate online systems for illicit purposes. Identifying actors that deceitfully utilize an API poses a demanding problem. Although there have been notable advancements and contributions in the field of API security, there remains a significant challenge when dealing with attackers who use novel approaches that don't match the well-known payloads commonly seen in attacks. Also, attackers may exploit standard functionalities unconventionally and with objectives surpassing their intended boundaries. Thus, API security needs to be more sophisticated and dynamic than ever, with advanced computational intelligence methods, such as machine learning models that can quickly identify and respond to abnormal behavior. In response to these challenges, we propose a novel unsupervised few-shot anomaly detection framework composed of two main parts: First, we train a dedicated generic language model for API based on FastText embedding. Next, we use Approximate Nearest Neighbor search in a classification-by-retrieval approach. Our framework allows for training a fast, lightweight classification model using only a few examples of normal API requests. We evaluated the performance of our framework using the CSIC 2010 and ATRDF 2023 datasets. The results demonstrate that our framework improves API attack detection accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) unsupervised anomaly detection baselines.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
GW with hybrid functionals for large molecular systems
Creators: name: Allen, Tucker
name: Nguyen, Minh
name: Neuhauser, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A low-cost approach for stochastically sampling static exchange during TDHF-type propagation is presented. This enables the use of an excellent hybrid DFT starting point for stochastic GW quasiparticle energy calculations. Generalized Kohn-Sham molecular orbitals and energies, rather than those of a local-DFT calculation, are used for building the Green's function and effective Coulomb interaction. The use of an optimally tuned hybrid diminishes the starting point dependency in one-shot stochastic GW, effectively avoiding the need for self-consistent GW iterations.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 2 of Epigenetic differences between wild and cultivated grapevines highlight the contribution of DNA methylation during crop domestication
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Izquierdo, Alberto
name: Carrasco, David
name: Anand, Lakshay
name: Magnani, Roberta
name: Catarecha, Pablo
name: Arroyo-Garcia, Rosa
name: Rodriguez Lopez, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2.
sj-docx-1-sen-10.1177_02670844231214689 - Supplemental material for Enhanced corrosion resistance of CoCrMo by laser-based surface modification
Creators: name: Vidyasagar, K. E. Ch.
name: Kalyanasundaram, Dinesh
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-sen-10.1177_02670844231214689 for Enhanced corrosion resistance of CoCrMo by laser-based surface modification by K. E. Ch. Vidyasagar and Dinesh Kalyanasundaram in Surface Engineering
A generalized $Λ$CDM model with parameterized Hubble parameter in particle creation, viscous and $f(R)$ model framework
Creators: name: Singh, G. P.
name: Garg, Romanshu
name: Singh, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we construct a theoretical framework based on the generalized Hubble parameter form which may arise within the particle creation, viscous and $f(R)$ gravity theory. The Hubble parameter is scrutinized for its compatibility with the observational data relevant to the late-time universe. By using Bayesian statistical techniques based on $χ^{2}$ minimization method, we determine model parameters's best fit values for the cosmic chronometer and supernovae Pantheon datasets. For the best fit values, the cosmographic and physical parameters are analyzed to understand the cosmic dynamics in model. We also analyze the model section criterion in comparison to the $Λ$ cold dark matter model.
description: Accepted Manuscript, 19 pages, 10 figures,
Metrological usefulness of entanglement and nonlinear Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Imai, Satoya
name: Smerzi, Augusto
name: Pezzè, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central task in quantum metrology is to exploit quantum correlations to outperform classical sensitivity limits. Metrologically useful entanglement is identified when the quantum Fisher information (QFI) exceeds a separability bound for a given parameter-encoding Hamiltonian. However, so far, only results for linear Hamiltonians are well-established. Here, we characterize metrologically useful entanglement for nonlinear Hamiltonians, presenting separability bounds for collective angular momenta. Also, we provide a general expression for entangled states maximizing the QFI, which can be written as the superposition between the GHZ-like and singlet states. Finally, we compare the metrological usefulness of linear and nonlinear cases, in terms of entanglement detection and random symmetric states.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
LiteNeXt: A Novel Lightweight ConvMixer-based Model with Self-embedding Representation Parallel for Medical Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Tran, Ngoc-Du
name: Tran, Thi-Thao
name: Nguyen, Quang-Huy
name: Vu, Manh-Hung
name: Pham, Van-Truong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of deep learning techniques has advanced the image segmentation task, especially for medical images. Many neural network models have been introduced in the last decade bringing the automated segmentation accuracy close to manual segmentation. However, cutting-edge models like Transformer-based architectures rely on large scale annotated training data, and are generally designed with densely consecutive layers in the encoder, decoder, and skip connections resulting in large number of parameters. Additionally, for better performance, they often be pretrained on a larger data, thus requiring large memory size and increasing resource expenses. In this study, we propose a new lightweight but efficient model, namely LiteNeXt, based on convolutions and mixing modules with simplified decoder, for medical image segmentation. The model is trained from scratch with small amount of parameters (0.71M) and Giga Floating Point Operations Per Second (0.42). To handle boundary fuzzy as well as occlusion or clutter in objects especially in medical image regions, we propose the Marginal Weight Loss that can help effectively determine the marginal boundary between object and background. Additionally, the Self-embedding Representation Parallel technique is proposed as an innovative data augmentation strategy that utilizes the network architecture itself for self-learning augmentation, enhancing feature extraction robustness without external data. Experiments on public datasets including Data Science Bowls, GlaS, ISIC2018, PH2, Sunnybrook, and Lung X-ray data show promising results compared to other state-of-the-art CNN-based and Transformer-based architectures. Our code is released at: https://github.com/tranngocduvnvp/LiteNeXt.
description: This manuscript has been accepted by Biomedical Signal Processing and Control
Additional file 5 of Epigenetic differences between wild and cultivated grapevines highlight the contribution of DNA methylation during crop domestication
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Izquierdo, Alberto
name: Carrasco, David
name: Anand, Lakshay
name: Magnani, Roberta
name: Catarecha, Pablo
name: Arroyo-Garcia, Rosa
name: Rodriguez Lopez, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 5.
Correlation effects in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene: An auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhi-Yu
name: Zhang, Shiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) presents a fascinating platform for investigating the effects of electron interactions in topological flat bands. The Bistritzer-MacDonald (BM) model provides a simplified quantitative description of the flat bands. Introducing long-range Coulomb interactions leads to an interacting BM (IBM) Hamiltonian, a momentum-space continuum description which offers a very natural starting point for many-body studies of MATBG. Accurate and reliable many-body computations in the IBM model are challenging, however, and have been limited mostly to special fillings, or smaller lattice sizes. We employ state-of-the-art auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) method to study the IBM model, which constrains the sign problem to enable accurate treatment of large system sizes. We determine ground-state properties and quantify errors compared to mean-field theory calculations. Our calculations identify correlated metal states and their competition with the insulating Kramers inter-valley coherent state at both half-filling and charge neutrality. Additionally, we investigate one- and three-quarter fillings, and examine the effect of many-body corrections beyond single Slater determinant solutions. We discuss the effect that details of the IBM Hamiltonian have on the results, including different forms of double-counting corrections, and the need to establish and precisely specify many-body Hamiltonians to allow more direct and quantitative comparisons with experiments in MATBG.
Asymptotic v-numbers of graded (co)homology modules involving powers of an ideal
Creators: name: Ghosh, Dipankar
name: Pramanik, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D07, 13A02, 13A15

description: Let $R$ be a Noetherian $\mathbb{N}$-graded ring. Let $L$, $M$ and $N$ be finitely generated graded $R$-modules with $N \subseteq M$. For a homogeneous ideal $I$, and for each fixed $k \in \mathbb{N}$, we show the asymptotic linearity of v-numbers of the graded modules $ {\rm Ext}_R^{k}(L,{I^{n}M}/{I^{n}N})$ and ${\rm Tor}_k^{R}(L,{I^{n}M}/{I^{n}N})$ as functions of $n$. Moreover, under some conditions on ${\rm Ext}_R^k(L,M)$ and ${\rm Tor}_k^R(L,M)$ respectively, we prove similar behaviour for v-numbers of ${\rm Ext}_R^{k}(L,{M}/{I^{n}N})$ and $ {\rm Tor}_k^{R}(L,{M}/{I^{n}N})$. The last result is obtained by proving the asymptotic linearity of v-number of $(U+I^{n}V)/I^{n}W$, where $U$, $V$ and $W$ are graded submodules of a finitely generated graded $R$-module such that $W \subseteq V$ and $(0:_{U}I) = 0$.
description: 11 pages, Comments and suggestions are welcome
Equality between two general ridge estimators and equivalence of their residual sums of squares
Creators: name: Mukasa, Hirai
name: Tsukuda, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62J05, 62F10, 62J07

description: General ridge estimators are typical linear estimators in a general linear model. The class of them includes some shrinkage estimators in addition to classical linear unbiased estimators such as the ordinary least squares estimator and the weighted least squares estimator. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions under which two general ridge estimators coincide. In particular, two noteworthy conditions are added to those from previous studies. The first condition is given as a seemingly column space relationship to the covariance matrix of the error term, and the second one is based on the biases of general ridge estimators. Another problem studied in this paper is to derive an equivalence condition such that equality between two residual sums of squares holds when general ridge estimators are considered.
description: 19 pages
title: Euro-Islam?
Creators: name: Gassner, Christoph
Year: 2010

description: Diese Arbeit beginnt mit einem Versuch die Säkularisierung in Europa zu analysieren. Anhand von Umfrageergebnissen und der Debatte über eine mögliche Verankerung von Gott in der Präambel der EU-Verfassung soll die Bedeutung der Religion für die europäischen Gesellschaften herausgearbeitet werden. Nach einem Blick auf die Migrationsströme nach Europa werden die neuen Problemfelder, die durch eine größere islamische Präsenz entstanden, untersucht. Als große Hindernisse für die Integration werden die Ideologie des Multikulturalismus sowie die konservativen muslimischen Eliten, deren Ziel das Erzeugen einer Neo-Ethnizität darstellt, kritisiert. Im Anschluss daran werden die Weltanschauungen von Tariq Ramadan, Bassam Tibi und Hizb ut-Tahrir analysiert, um mögliche Entwicklungsrichtungen eines europäischen Islam, oder Euro-Islam, nachvollziehen zu können und daraus die Vereinbarkeit der jeweiligen Ideologie mit den europäischen Gesellschaften und westlichen Werten herauslesen zu können.
Additional file 6 of Epigenetic differences between wild and cultivated grapevines highlight the contribution of DNA methylation during crop domestication
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Izquierdo, Alberto
name: Carrasco, David
name: Anand, Lakshay
name: Magnani, Roberta
name: Catarecha, Pablo
name: Arroyo-Garcia, Rosa
name: Rodriguez Lopez, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 6.
Particle creation using the classical stochastic method
Creators: name: Hirayama, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the particle creation of a harmonic oscillator using the classical stochastic method. This recently constructed method reproduces all the vacuum expectation values in quantum theory. We prepare the vacuum state at the initial time and evolve it over time using Langevin equations of motion. By averaging over the ensemble, we compute the energy of the state at the final time and determine the amount of particles created. We verify that the particle creation agrees with predictions from quantum theory and thus give an evidence that this method can really compute the quantum dynamics.
description: 9 pages; v2, clarification and references added; v3, published version
Reflections on the experience of initiation Twenty-two testimonies of Freemasons AASR ritual: extracts concerning initiation Masonic song, opus 4, n ° 1, "When I was in the cave."
Creators: name: sebök, Ferenc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Initiation is a unique experience in the life of a Freemason. Indeed, being received a Freemason goes through a Masonic ritual, in a lodge, during which the candidate receives the light.This is the symbolic pathway of profane life to death, including a cave or a Chamber of reflection, and concerning his initiation, then making three journeys. The candidate thus goes from death to life by receiving light and thus becoming an initiate. He becomes a new brother recognized as such by his brothers, joining the universal chain of existing brothers on the surface of the earth. It is interesting to try to know the feeling of a newly initiated brother, to collect the testimony concerning the experience of initiation.This research work concerns testimonies from Freemasons to whom three questions were asked:Is the experience of your initiation communicable?What was your feeling during your initiation?How did you experience the initiation?