cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMING VACANT LOTS: INVESTIGATING AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO REDUCING FEAR OF CRIME
Creators: name: De Biasi, Alaina Marie
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Public policy
subject: Urban planning
subject: CPTED
subject: Experiment
subject: Fear of Crime
subject: Images
subject: Urban Greening
subject: Vacant Lots

description: Vacant lots deserve criminological attention insofar as their disorderly conditions create opportunities for a host of negative outcomes including “fear of crime.” The present study considers whether incorporating fundamental standards of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) into traditional urban greening practices of vacant lots provides added value with regard to fear of crime above and beyond the traditional endeavor. This study conducted an experiment (N=523) from a sample of undergraduate students.  Research participants were asked to report their level of fear of crime in regards to one of three randomly assigned computer-adjusted images: 1) A disorderly lot; 2) A traditional greened lot; and 3) A CPTED lot. This study found that on average participants who viewed a CPTED lot had lower levels of fear of crime than all other participants. This study discusses the implications of this finding for future research.
PHENIX results on charged hadron azimuthal anisotropies in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energies from 39 to 200 GeV
Creators: name: Shimomura, Maya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm17
phenix
au+au
hadron
azimuthal
anisotropy
cu+au
forward-rapidity
backward-rapidity
mid-rapidity
flow
multiplicity

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2017 conference
Non(anti) commutativity for open superstrings
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Biswajit
name: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan
name: Hazra, Arindam Ghosh
name: Scholtz, Frederik G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non(anti)commutativity in an open free superstring and also one moving in a background anti-symmetric tensor field is investigated. In both cases, the non(anti)commutativity is shown to be a direct consequence of the non-trivial boundary conditions which, contrary to several approaches, are not treated as constraints. The above non(anti)commutative structures lead to new results in the algebra of super constraints which still remain involutive, indicating the internal consistency of our analysis.
description: 10 pages Latex, To appear in Physics Letters B
WHAT IT MEANS TO CARE: A MEANING-FOCUSED EXPRESSIVE WRITING INTERVENTION FOR FAMILY CAREGIVERS
Creators: name: Fuhrmann, Amy Carr
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Caregivers
subject: Expressive Writing
subject: Well-being

description: Over 67 million adults in the U.S. provide informal or unpaid care to a loved one facing a health challenge, but caregivers often feel underprepared and isolated in this challenging role. There is a dearth of interventions to improve quality of life for caregivers. One hundred caregivers wrote three expressive writing essays about their experience in one of three randomly-assigned conditions: caregiver time-management, emotional expression, and meaning of caregiving. This study had two primary aims: 1) to investigate effects of writing among the three writing conditions on outcomes of depression, caregiver burden, intrusiveness, satisfaction with life, worldview violation, and meaning in life and 2) to assess whether meaning in life serves as a mediator for outcomes. Results indicated that some positive effects of expressive writing can be explained by the discovery of, but not simply the search for, meaning. Implications about understanding of the psychological experience of caregivers are discussed.
Where the rubber hits the road: Biodiversity conservation incentives in theory and practice
Creators: name: Coggan, Anthea
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Coggan, Anthea
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biodiversity
subject: incentives
subject: private land

description: The lack of appropriate incentives through conventional markets is a major cause of deterioration of biodiversity on private land. In response, governments often intervene through changing the incentives faced by landholders. There are, however, potentially many ways that the incentives to private landholders could encourage improved conservation of native vegetation on private lands. These policies and incentives leverage change in different ways and are suited to differing opportunities and objectives and incur different costs. Our goal in this paper is to provide some guidance to support incentive selection and design decisions. We initially develop a framework for incentive decision, design and implementation. The framework is supported and illustrated using a number of case studies of pragmatic incentive delivery. Some common themes that emerge from this analysis are: the importance of understanding the biodiversity and institutional issue; methods to optimise opportunities or work within constraints; and the importance of incentive review and revision.
Benchmark scenarios for the NMSSM
Creators: name: Djouadi, A.
name: Drees, M.
name: Ellwanger, U.
name: Godbole, R.
name: Hugonie, C.
name: King, S. F.
name: Lehti, S.
name: Moretti, S.
name: Nikitenko, A.
name: Rottlaender, I.
name: Schumacher, M.
name: Teixeira, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss constrained and semi--constrained versions of the next--to--minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (NMSSM) in which a singlet Higgs superfield is added to the two doublet superfields that are present in the minimal extension (MSSM). This leads to a richer Higgs and neutralino spectrum and allows for many interesting phenomena that are not present in the MSSM. In particular, light Higgs particles are still allowed by current constraints and could appear as decay products of the heavier Higgs states, rendering their search rather difficult at the LHC. We propose benchmark scenarios which address the new phenomenological features, consistent with present constraints from colliders and with the dark matter relic density, and with (semi--)universal soft terms at the GUT scale. We present the corresponding spectra for the Higgs particles, their couplings to gauge bosons and fermions and their most important decay branching ratios. A brief survey of the search strategies for these states at the LHC is given.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Urban Water Options Contracts - Rural to Urban Water Trade
Creators: name: Page, Sharon
name: Hafi, Ahmed
name: Beare, Stephen
name: Page, Sharon
name: Hafi, Ahmed
name: Beare, Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Most urban centres across Australia are facing water shortages. In part, these water shortages are due to the variability of supply and demand caused by variable climatic conditions. Permanent supply augmentation to meet periodic water shortages can be costly. Water trade between rural and urban areas, through urban water options contracts, may be a less costly way to meet variability. Urban water options could be used to improve system reliability and may reduce costs by delaying investment and reducing the frequency and severity of water shortages. This paper investigates the potential to use urban water options contracts, and develops a methodology for evaluation.
Factorization of alternating sums of Virasoro characters
Creators: name: Mukhin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: G. Andrews proved that if $n$ is a prime number then the coefficients $a_k$ and $a_{k+n}$ of the product $(q,q)_\infty/(q^n,q^n)_\infty=\sum_k a_kq^k$ have the same sign, see [A1]. We generalize this result in several directions. Our results are based on the observation that many products can be written as alternating sums of characters of Virasoro modules.
description: Latex, 17 pages. Several formulas and references added
Hybrid Imitation Learning for Real-Time Service Restoration in Resilient Distribution Systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Yichen
name: Qiu, Feng
name: Hong, Tianqi
name: Wang, Zhaoyu
name: Li, Fangxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-healing capability is one of the most critical factors for a resilient distribution system, which requires intelligent agents to automatically perform restorative actions online, including network reconfiguration and reactive power dispatch. These agents should be equipped with a predesigned decision policy to meet real-time requirements and handle highly complex $N-k$ scenarios. The disturbance randomness hampers the application of exploration-dominant algorithms like traditional reinforcement learning (RL), and the agent training problem under $N-k$ scenarios has not been thoroughly solved. In this paper, we propose the imitation learning (IL) framework to train such policies, where the agent will interact with an expert to learn its optimal policy, and therefore significantly improve the training efficiency compared with the RL methods. To handle tie-line operations and reactive power dispatch simultaneously, we design a hybrid policy network for such a discrete-continuous hybrid action space. We employ the 33-node system under $N-k$ disturbances to verify the proposed framework.
The Doha Agricultural Market Access Negotiations: Remaining Conceptual, Practical, and Technical Issues
Creators: name: Wainio, John
name: Podbury, Troy
name: Wainio, John
name: Podbury, Troy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Before the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations can be concluded negotiators will need to agree on a host of market access issues, including the size of tariff cuts, a methodology for opening tariff quotas in the case of products exempted from applying full tariff cuts, and the amount of flexibility to be provided under special and differential treatment for developing countries. Each of these issues harbours a number of complex problems that will have to be addressed. How these are resolved could have significant impacts on the actual level of market access created by the final agreement. This paper analyses the extensive inventory of outstanding issues yet to be resolved if an effective outcome is to be reached.
Viscous properties of hot and dense QCD matter in the presence of a magnetic field
Creators: name: Rath, Shubhalaxmi
name: Patra, Binoy Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the effect of strong magnetic field on the viscous properties of hot QCD matter at finite chemical potential by calculating the shear ($η$) and bulk ($ζ$) viscosities. The viscosities are calculated using kinetic theory in the relaxation time approximation. The interactions are incorporated through the quasiparticle masses of partons at strong magnetic field and finite chemical potential. From this study, one can understand the effects of strong magnetic field and chemical potential on the sound attenuation through the Prandtl number (Pl), on the nature of the flow by the Reynolds number (Rl), and on the relative behavior between shear viscosity and bulk viscosity through the ratio $ζ/η$. We have found that, $η$ and $ζ$ get increased in a strong magnetic field and the additional presence of chemical potential further enhances their magnitudes. With the increase of temperature, $η$ increases in a strong magnetic field as well as in the absence of magnetic field, whereas $ζ$ decreases with the temperature, contrary to its increase in the absence of magnetic field. We have observed that, the Prandtl number gets increased in the presence of strong magnetic field and chemical potential as compared to the isotropic one, but it always remains larger than 1, thus the momentum diffusion largely affects the sound attenuation in the medium. The Reynolds number gets lowered than 1 in a strong magnetic field and it becomes further decreased in an additional presence of chemical potential, so the kinematic viscosity dominates over the characteristic length scale of the system. Finally, $ζ/η$ becomes larger than 1, contrary to its value in the absence of magnetic field and chemical potential where it is less than 1, so the bulk viscosity prevails over the shear viscosity for the hot and dense QCD matter in the presence of a strong magnetic field.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures
Helium adsorption in silica aerogel near the liquid-vapor critical point
Creators: name: Herman, Tobias
name: Day, James
name: Beamish, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the adsorption and desorption of helium near its liquid-vapor critical point in silica aerogels with porosities between 95% and 98%. We used a capacitive measurement technique which allowed us to probe the helium density inside the aerogel directly, even though the samples were surrounded by bulk helium. The aerogel's very low thermal conductivity resulted in long equilibration times so we monitored the pressure and the helium density, both inside the aerogel and in the surrounding bulk, and waited at each point until all had stabilized. Our measurements were made at temperatures far from the critical point, where a well defined liquid-vapor interface exists, and at temperatures up to the bulk critical point. Hysteresis between adsorption and desorption isotherms persisted to temperatures close to the liquid-vapor critical point and there was no sign of an equilibrium liquid-vapor transition once the hysteresis disappeared. Many features of our isotherms can be described in terms of capillary condensation, although this picture becomes less applicable as the liquid-vapor critical point is approached and it is unclear how it can be applied to aerogels, whose tenuous structure includes a wide range of length scales.
description: 15 Pages, 17 Figures
Security analysis of quantum key distribution with small block length and its application to quantum space communications
Creators: name: Lim, Charles Ci-Wen
name: Xu, Feihu
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
name: Ekert, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The security of real-world quantum key distribution (QKD) critically depends on the number of data points the system can collect in a fixed time interval. To date, state-of-the-art finite-key security analyses require block lengths in the order of 1E4 bits to obtain positive secret keys. This requirement, however, can be very difficult to achieve in practice, especially in the case of entanglement-based satellite QKD systems, where the overall channel loss can go up to 70 dB or more. Here, we provide an improved finite-key security analysis which can reduce the block length requirement by 14% to 17% for standard channel and protocol settings. In practical terms, this reduction could save entanglement-based satellite QKD weeks of measurement time and resources, thereby bringing space-based QKD technology closer to reality. As an application, we use the improved analysis to show that the recently reported Micius QKD satellite is capable of generating positive secret keys with a $1E-5$ security level.
description: Revised draft; 5 pages, 1 figure. We warmly welcome comments/corrections, as well as suggestions for additional areas to study
Modelling Corruption in a Cobb-Douglas Production Function Framework
Creators: name: Farida, Moe
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
name: Farida, Moe
name: Ahmadi-Esfahani, Fredoun Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Corruption
subject: economic growth
subject: investment
subject: government expenditure
subject: foreign aid

description: In this paper, we extend the Solow growth model to include corruption as a determinant of the multifactor productivity using a Cobb-Douglas production function framework. In addition to the classical components of any growth model (output, labor, capital), we incorporate corruption as a determinant of government expenditure, investment and foreign aid. It is proposed that output and growth are influenced by the level of corruption. This model is to be tested empirically to trace the corruptive behaviour in Lebanon based on the available time series data.
New Zealand's land based sectors' relative export performance 1990 to 2004
Creators: name: Austin, Darran
name: Gardiner, Peter
name: Austin, Darran
name: Gardiner, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade performance
subject: New Zealand
subject: shift-share
subject: productivity

description: Between 1990 and 2004 the value of world trade increased by 110% whereas the value of exports from New Zealand's land based sectors expanded by only 51%. This paper examines New Zealand's performance using shift share analysis. According to this framework, the main cause of this slow export performance is that international trade in agricultural and forestry commodities has been growing slowly. Countering this, New Zealand has been improving its competitiveness within these commodities, especially since 2000.
Energy Extraction from Higher Dimensional Black Holes and Black Rings
Creators: name: Nozawa, Masato
name: Maeda, Kei-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the energy extraction by the Penrose process in higher dimensions. Our result shows the efficiency of the process from higher dimensional black holes and black rings can be rather high compared with than that in four dimensional Kerr black hole. In particular, if one rotation parameter vanishes, the maximum efficiency becomes infinitely large because the angular momentum is not bounded from above. We also apply a catastrophe theory to analyze the stability of black rings. It indicates a branch of black rings with higher rotational energy is unstable, which should be a different type of instability from the Gregory-Laflamme's one.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
An Economic Comparison of Sheep Grazing Systems on the Northern Tablelands of NSW
Creators: name: Scott, J. Fiona
name: Scott, J. Fiona
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: sheep
subject: grazing systems
subject: pastures
subject: whole farm analysis

description: Three 54ha "farmlets" were established in 2000 near Uralla, NSW to trial high input, moderate input and intensive rotational grazing systems. A representative farm approach was used to interpret the profitability results of the trial from July 2000 to June 2005 at a commercial scale level to make research results more relevant to farmers. At the gross margin level, the high input farmlet had the highest annual gross margins, but this farmlet had the worst whole farm performance. These contrasting results support the claim that annual activity gross margins cannot alone indicate the profitability of an investment. This demonstrates that whole farm analysis is the most suitable method to assess different grazing systems.
The observability of plasmoid-powered $γ$-ray flares with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Meyer, Manuel
name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Christie, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact mechanism for the production of fast $γ$-ray variability in blazars remains debated. Magnetic reconnection, in which plasmoids filled with relativistic particles and magnetic fields are formed, is a viable candidate to explain the broadband electromagnetic spectrum and variability of these objects. Using state-of-the-art magnetic reconnection simulations, we generate realistic $γ$-ray light curves that would be observed with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. A comparison with observed $γ$-ray flares from flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) reveals that magnetic reconnection events lead to comparable flux levels and variability patterns, in particular when the reconnection layer is slightly misaligned with the line of sight. Emission from fast plasmoids moving close to the line of sight could explain fast variability on the time scales of minutes for which evidence has been found in observations of FSRQs. Our results motivate improvements in existing radiative transfer simulations as well as dedicated searches for fast variability as evidence for magnetic reconnection events.
description: 19 pages, 6 Figures. Accepted in ApJ. Matches published version
New structures on the tangent bundles and tangent sphere bundles
Creators: name: Munteanu, Marian Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B35; 53C07; 53C25; 53C55

description: In this paper we study a Riemanian metric on the tangent bundle $T(M)$ of a Riemannian manifold $M$ which generalizes Sasaki metric and Cheeger Gromoll metric and a compatible almost complex structure which together with the metric confers to $T(M)$ a structure of locally conformal almost Kählerian manifold. This is the natural generalization of the well known almost Kählerian structure on $T(M)$. We found conditions under which $T(M)$ is almost Kählerian, locally conformal Kählerian or Kählerian or when $T(M)$ has constant sectional curvature or constant scalar curvature. Then we will restrict to the unit tangent bundle and we find an isometry with the tangent sphere bundle (not necessary unitary) endowed with the restriction of the Sasaki metric from $T(M)$. Moreover, we found that this map preserves also the natural almost contact structures obtained from the almost Hermitian ambient structures on the unit tangent bundle and the tangent sphere bundle, respectively.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX2e 4.17
Out of the pot and into the money: Managing the Western Rock Lobster Fishery by ITE's or ITQ's?
Creators: name: McLeod, Paul
name: Lindner, Robert K.
name: Nicholls, John
name: McLeod, Paul
name: Lindner, Robert K.
name: Nicholls, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: rock lobster
subject: quotas
subject: ITQs
subject: Western Australia
subject: bioeconomic
subject: economic benefits

description: The West Coast Rock Lobster fishery is Australia's most valuable commercial fishery. Around 550 vessels harvest an average of 10,500 tonnes of lobster per annum. The industry has an enviable track record of biological management based on a variety of input controls, although three significant pot reduction interventions have been necessary in recent years. An evaluation of a range of possible future management regimes is reported in this paper. The results were derived from a purpose built bio-economic model three separate biological zones in the fishery using non linear optimization to produce ten year steady state solutions for alternative management options. Management options included the current pot control system, and versions of variable transferable catch quota. Key outputs for each scenario include: net economic benefits, breeder biomass index, annual catch, annual pot lifts, number of pots and vessel numbers. The results indicate significant potential net economic gains from moving away from the current input control regime. The range of scenarios modelled illustrated some of the tradeoffs between maximising net economic returns and minimizing biological risks, as well as quantifying the impact of changes such as improved pot design and extended fishing seasons. The results will inform consideration by the industry about a possible new management system.
Pilot ignited high pressure direct injection of natural gas fueling of diesel engines
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Silviu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Measurements of performance and emissions of a Diesel engine fueled with natural gas have been made with high-pressure direct-injection (HPDI). Natural gas is injected late in the compression cycle preceded by an injection of diesel pilot. Tests were performed on a DDC 1-71 Diesel engine with electronic controls. Influence of several physical parameters has been investigated in light of the results obtained by other researchers through 3-dimensional numerical simulation of the combustion process using a modified KTVA code. These were: natural gas injection pressure, absolute beginning of injection (BOI) and relative timing between injection of pilot diesel and natural gas (RBOI). It was found that, on the range of 100 to 160 bar, combustion rate and NO₂ emissions increase with gas injection pressure. Best thermal efficiency results were obtained for a gas pressure of 130 bar. With HPDI fueling of a diesel engine, injection timing delay has proven to be an effective way of reducing NO₂ emissions. By appropriately adjusting beginning of injection, NO₂ reduction of up to 60 % over the diesel baseline could be obtained, while preserving conventional diesel efficiency. Over the BOI and load range of study, a longer relative injection delay appears to give lower NO₂ emissions and improved thermal efficiency. KTVA 2 simulations indicate that the interlace angle (defined as the angle between the diesel and gas plumes as viewed in the direction of the cylinder axis), which changes during engine operation, has a significant effect on combustion rate and NO₂ emissions. Experimentally it was observed that with an equal number (6) of nozzle holes for both natural gas and diesel pilot there was instability in engine operation at low load and wide scatter in emission measurements. Guided by the simulation results it was found experimentally that data reproduciblity and engine operating stability could both be much improved by choosing a different number of jets for injection of natural gas. An arrangement of 7 natural gas and 6 diesel holes has proven to give better results of engine stability, thermal efficiency and exhaust emissions. KTVA 2 simulations indicate attachment of the gas jets to the fire deck for inclination angles less than about 20 degrees. The reduced contact area between the flame and oxygen lead to somewhat lower combustion rate and NO₂ emissions.
Pure-state transformations and catalysis under operations that completely preserve positivity of partial transpose
Creators: name: Matthews, William
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the desire to better understand the class of quantum operations on bipartite systems that preserve positivity of partial transpose (PPT operations) and its relation to the class LOCC (local operations and classical communication), we present some results on deterministic bipartite pure state transformations by PPT operations. Restricting our attention to the case where we start with a rank K maximally entangled state, we give a necessary condition for transforming it into a given pure state, which we show is also sufficient when K is two and the final state has Schmidt rank three. We show that it is sufficient for all K and all final states provided a conjecture about a certain family of semidefinite programs is true. We also demonstrate that the phenomenon of catalysis can occur under PPT operations and that, unlike LOCC catalysis, a maximally entangled state can be a catalyst. Finally, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the possibility of transforming a rank K maximally entangled state to an arbitrary pure state by PPT operations assisted by some maximally entangled catalyst.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. v2: Journal version; Typos fixed
Ab initio construction of the energy density functional for electron systems with the functional-renormalization-group-aided density functional theory
Creators: name: Yokota, Takeru
name: Naito, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show an $\textit{ab initio}$ construction of the energy density functional (EDF) for electron systems using the functional renormalization group. The correlation energies of the homogeneous electron gas given in our framework reproduce the exact behavior at high density and agree with the Monte-Carlo data in a wide range of densities. Our analytic technique enables us to get the correlation energies efficiently for various densities, which realizes the determination of EDF in the local density approximation (LDA) without any fitting for physically relevant densities. Applied to the Kohn-Sham calculation for the noble gas atoms, our EDF shows comparable results to those of other conventional ones in LDA.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, v4: Fig. 3 and 4 modified, minor corrections in sentences, information of a reference updated
Explicitly Modeling Syntax in Language Models with Incremental Parsing and a Dynamic Oracle
Creators: name: Shen, Yikang
name: Tan, Shawn
name: Sordoni, Alessandro
name: Reddy, Siva
name: Courville, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Syntax is fundamental to our thinking about language. Failing to capture the structure of input language could lead to generalization problems and over-parametrization. In the present work, we propose a new syntax-aware language model: Syntactic Ordered Memory (SOM). The model explicitly models the structure with an incremental parser and maintains the conditional probability setting of a standard language model (left-to-right). To train the incremental parser and avoid exposure bias, we also propose a novel dynamic oracle, so that SOM is more robust to wrong parsing decisions. Experiments show that SOM can achieve strong results in language modeling, incremental parsing and syntactic generalization tests, while using fewer parameters than other models.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Equivalence of topological dynamics without well-posedness
Creators: name: Suda, Tomoharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The notion of topological equivalence plays an essential role in the study of dynamical systems of flows. However, it is inherently difficult to generalize this concept to systems without well-posedness in the sense of Hadamard. In this study, we formulate a notion of "topological equivalence" between such systems based on the axiomatic theory of topological dynamics proposed by Yorke, and discuss its relation with the usual definition. During this process, we generalize Yorke's theory to the action of topological groups.
description: 24 pages, to appear in Topology and its Applications
Tunneling Spectroscopy of Two-level Systems Inside Josephson Junction
Creators: name: Martin, I.
name: Bulaevskii, L.
name: Shnirman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-level (TL) system with energy level separation Omega_0 inside a Josephson junction. The junction is shunted by a resistor R and is current I (or voltage V = RI) biased. If the TL system modulates the Josephson energy and/or is optically active, it is Rabi driven by the Josephson oscillations in the running phase regime near the resonance 2eV = Omega_0. The Rabi oscillations, in turn, translate into oscillations of current and voltage which can be detected in noise measurements. This effect provides an option to fully characterize the TL systems and to find the TL's contribution to the decoherence when the junction is used as a qubit.
description: 4 pages
$U(1)_{B_3-L_2}$ Explanation of the Neutral Current $B-$Anomalies
Creators: name: Allanach, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a speculative short-distance force, proposed to explain discrepancies observed between measurements of certain neutral current decays of $B$ hadrons and their Standard Model predictions. The force derives from a spontaneously broken, gauged $U(1)_{B_3-L_2}$ extension to the Standard Model, where the extra quantum numbers of Standard Model fields are given by third family baryon number minus second family lepton number. The only fields beyond those of the Standard Model are three right-handed neutrinos, a gauge field associated with $U(1)_{B_3-L_2}$ and a Standard Model singlet complex scalar which breaks $U(1)_{B_3-L_2}$, a `flavon'. This simple model, via interactions involving a TeV scale force-carrying $Z^\prime$ vector boson, can successfully explain the neutral current $B-$anomalies whilst accommodating other empirical constraints. In an ansatz for fermion mixing, a combination of up-to-date $B-$anomaly fits, LHC direct $Z^\prime$ search limits and other bounds rule out the domain 0.15 TeV$< M_{Z^\prime}
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, v4 has a discussion of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. v3 was version accepted for publication. v4 fixes errors in (21),(22) which makes slight changes to trident bound in Figs. 8,9
Single production of the gauge boson $W$ via polarized $e^{-}γ$ collisions in the littlest Higgs model
Creators: name: Yue, Chong-Xing
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Wang, Li-Na
name: Zhou, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the littlest Higgs($LH$) model, we study single production of the standard model($SM$) gauge boson $W_{s}^{-}$ and the heavy gauge boson $W_{H}^{-}$ via polarized $e^{-}γ$ collisions. We find that the corrections of the $LH$ model to the cross section $σ(W_{s}^{-})$ might be observed only for the scale parameter $f\leq 1.5TeV$ and the mixing parameter $c'\geq 0.4$ in future high energy linear $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider($LC$) experiment with the center-of-mass($CM$) energy $\sqrt{S}=500GeV$ and a yearly integrated luminosity $£=100fb^{-1}$. However, with a suitably chosen polarization of the initial electron and position beams, the possible signals of the heavy gauge boson $W_{H}^{-}$ can be easily detected via $e^{-}γ$ collisions in future $LC$ experiment with $\sqrt{S}=3TeV$ and $£=500fb^{-1}$.
description: Latex files,18 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. D
Statistical Computations with AstroGrid and the Grid
Creators: name: Nichol, Robert C
name: Smith, Garry
name: Miller, Christopher J
name: Genovese, Chris
name: Wasserman, Larry
name: Bryan, Brent
name: Gray, Alexander
name: Schneider, Jeff
name: Moore, Andrew W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline our first steps towards marrying two new and emerging technologies; the Virtual Observatory (e.g, AstroGrid) and the computational grid. We discuss the construction of VOTechBroker, which is a modular software tool designed to abstract the tasks of submission and management of a large number of computational jobs to a distributed computer system. The broker will also interact with the AstroGrid workflow and MySpace environments. We present our planned usage of the VOTechBroker in computing a huge number of n-point correlation functions from the SDSS, as well as fitting over a million CMBfast models to the WMAP data.
description: Invited talk to appear in "Proceedings of PHYSTAT05: Statistical Problems in Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology"
Charting the Galactic acceleration field I. A search for stellar streams with Gaia DR2 and EDR3 with follow-up from ESPaDOnS and UVES
Creators: name: Ibata, Rodrigo
name: Malhan, Khyati
name: Martin, Nicolas
name: Aubert, Dominique
name: Famaey, Benoit
name: Bianchini, Paolo
name: Monari, Giacomo
name: Siebert, Arnaud
name: Thomas, Guillaume F.
name: Bellazzini, Michele
name: Bonifacio, Piercarlo
name: Caffau, Elisabetta
name: Renaud, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present maps of the stellar streams detected in the Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) and Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) catalogs using the STREAMFINDER algorithm. We also report the spectroscopic follow-up of the brighter DR2 stream members obtained with the high-resolution CFHT/ESPaDOnS and VLT/UVES spectrographs as well as with the medium-resolution NTT/EFOSC2 spectrograph. Two new stellar streams that do not have a clear progenitor are detected in DR2 (named Hrid and Gunnthra), and seven are detected in EDR3 (named Gaia-6 to Gaia-12). Several candidate streams are also identified. The software also finds very long tidal tails associated with the 15 globular clusters NGC 288, NGC 1261, NGC 1851, NGC 2298, NGC 2808, NGC 3201, M 68, $ω$Cen, NGC 5466, Palomar 5, M 5, NGC 6101, M 92, NGC 6397 and NGC 7089. These stellar streams will be used in subsequent contributions in this series to chart the properties of the Galactic acceleration field on $\sim$ 100 pc to $\sim$ 100 kpc scales.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication at ApJ. The revision extends the EDR3 maps to |b|=10 degrees, and reports several new stream detections
Avoiding the gauge heirarchy problem with see-sawed neutrino masses
Creators: name: Foot, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the see-saw neutrino mass mechanism can coexist naturally with an extended gauge symmetry (i.e. without any gauge heirarchy problem) provided that the gauge symmetry contains gauged lepton number differences. The simplest such `natural' see-saw models are constructed and their implications for neutrino anomalies discussed.
description: about 6 pages
Luchterhandt, Otto: Der Sowjetstaat und die russisch-orthodoxe Kirche
Creators: name: Felmy, K. Christian
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 1 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 1
Full Counting Statistics as the Geometry of Two Planes
Creators: name: Sherkunov, Y. B.
name: Pratap, A.
name: Muzykantskii, B.
name: d'Ambrumenil, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Provided the measuring time is short enough, the full counting statistics (FCS) of the charge pumped across a barrier as a result of a series of voltage pulses are shown to be equivalent to the geometry of two planes. This formulation leads to the FCS without the need for the usual non-equilibrium (Keldysh) transport theory or the direct computation of the determinant of an infinite-dimensional matrix. In the particular case of the application of N Lorentzian pulses, we show the computation of the FCS reduces to the diagonalization of an N x N matrix. We also use the formulation to compute the core-hole response in the X-ray edge problem and the FCS for a square wave pulse-train for the case of low transmission.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Twistor spaces on foliated manifolds
Creators: name: Mohseni, Rouzbeh
name: Wolak, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C12, 53C28

description: The theory of twistors on foliated manifolds is developed and the twistor space of the normal bundle is constructed. It is demonstrated that the classical constructions of the twistor theory lead to foliated objects and permit to formulate and prove foliated versions of some well-known results on holomorphic mappings. Since any orbifold can be understood as the leaf space of a suitable defined Riemannian foliation we obtain orbifold versions of the classical results as a simple consequence of the results on foliated mappings.
Half-skyrmion picture of single hole doped high-T_c cuprate
Creators: name: Morinari, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The single hole doped CuO_2 plane is studied by the O(3) non-linear σmodel and its CP^1 representation. It is argued that the spin configuration around a Zhang-Rice singlet is described by a half-skyrmion. The form of the excitation spectrum of the half-skyrmion is the same as that in the π-flux phase.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure;added some references and corrected a minor error
STUDY OF MINIMAL HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE
Creators: name: Dr. Anish Garg
name: Dr. Esha Singhal
name: Dr. Brinder Mohan Singh Lamba
name: Dr. Nikhil Gupta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Liver Disease, Hepatic Encephalopathy, MHE, CTP, MELD, Psychometric Testing.

description: Abstract

Introduction: Chronic liver disease has a significant disease burden which contributes to both long term mortality and morbidity in patients. This cross-sectional observational study entitled “STUDY OF MINIMAL HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE” was conducted after clearance from board of studies and ethical committee in Department of General Medicine, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised of 52 patients with CLD.  A detailed history, complete general physical examination. Routine and appropriate investigations. All patients enrolled in study underwent psychometric testing. The standardized test battery included NCT-A, NCT-B, the line trace test (LTT), the serial-dotting test (SDT) and DST. MELD and CTP were calculated. Results: MHE was found among 19 (36.5%) subjects. Among 19 CLD patients with MHE only 1 (5.26%) patient belonged to CTP class A, 13 (68.42%) patients belonged to CTP class B and 5 (26.31% patient belonged to CTP class C. Among 19 CLD patients with MHE, patients with MHE had a MELD score of less than 10 and 11-18. There was a significant positive correlation of CTP and MELD score with NCT A, NCT B, SDT and DST showing a linear positive association i.e., CLD patients with higher CTP and MELD score took more time to complete these psychometric tests. Conclusions: MHE is frequent in patients with CLD, manifested even in patients with child Pugh class A CLD. Timely diagnosis and intervention in a patient with MHE can help to prevent development of overt HE and also improve quality of life. Psychometric tests are simple, bed-side test which can be used to diagnose MHE. CTP score, MELD score, SGPT and SGOT can be used to predict MHE or identify patients at higher risk of developing HE.
Kinematics of arbitrary spin matter fields in loop quantum gravity
Creators: name: Mansuroglu, Refik
name: Sahlmann, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loop quantum gravity envisions a small scale structure of spacetime that is markedly different from that of the classical spacetime continuum. This has ramifications for the excitation of matter fields and for their coupling to gravity. There is a general understanding of how to formulate scalar fields, spin $\frac{1}{2}$ fields and gauge fields in the framework of loop quantum gravity. The goal of the present work is to investigate kinematical aspects of this coupling. We will study implications of the Gauß and diffeomorphism constraint for the quantum theory: We define and study a less ambiguous variant of the Baez-Krasnov path observables, and investigate symmetry properties of spin network states imposed by diffeomorphism group averaging. We will do this in a setting which allows for matter excitations of spin $\frac{1}{2}$ and higher. In the case of spin $\frac{1}{2}$, we will also discuss extensions of it by introducing an electromagnetic field and antiparticles. We finally discuss in how far the picture with matter excitations of higher spin can be obtained from classical actions for higher spin fields.
description: 21 pages v2: Minor changes and rearrangements of the text, removed various typos. Version essentially identical to the one published in PRD
Dissipative dynamics of coupled quantum dots under quantum measurement
Creators: name: Ouyang, Shi-Hua
name: Lam, Chi-Hang
name: You, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the dissipative dynamics of a solid-state qubit with an extra electron confined to either one of two coupled quantum dots. Previous theoretical work based on Bloch-type rate equations gave an unphysical uniform occupation probability of the electron in the quantum dots even for non-identical dots. We show that this is due to neglecting higher order interactions in the analysis. By including higher order terms, we obtain expected asymmetric occupation probabilities for non-identical dots. Our work demonstrates that the high order interaction terms can lead to important qualitative impacts on the operation of the qubit.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Barberini, Giovanni, Stöhr, Martin, Weingärtner, Erich: Kirchen im Sozialismus
Creators: name: Heidingsfeld, Uwe-Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 1 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 1
Quasiparticle excitations in relativistic quantum field theory
Creators: name: Arteaga, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the particle-like excitations arising in relativistic field theories in states different than the vacuum. The basic properties characterizing the quasiparticle propagation are studied using two different complementary methods. First we introduce a frequency-based approach, wherein the quasiparticle properties are deduced from the spectral analysis of the two-point propagators. Second, we put forward a real-time approach, wherein the quantum state corresponding to the quasiparticle excitation is explicitly constructed, and the time-evolution is followed. Both methods lead to the same result: the energy and decay rate of the quasiparticles are determined by the real and imaginary parts of the retarded self-energy respectively. Both approaches are compared, on the one hand, with the standard field-theoretic analysis of particles in the vacuum and, on the other hand, with the mean-field-based techniques in general backgrounds.
description: 53 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in Ann. Phys