cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimized Multiple Quantum MAS Lineshape Simulations in Solid State NMR
Creators: name: Brouwer, William J.
name: Davis, Michael C.
name: Mueller, Karl T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of nuclei available for study in solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance have half-integer spin $I > 1/2 $, with corresponding electric quadrupole moment. As such, they may couple with a surrounding electric field gradient. This effect introduces anisotropic line broadening to spectra, arising from distinct chemical species within polycrystalline solids. In Multiple Quantum Magic Angle Spinning (MQMAS) experiments, a second frequency dimension is created, devoid of quadrupolar anisotropy. As a result, the center of gravity of peaks in the high resolution dimension is a function of isotropic second order quadrupole and chemical shift alone. However, for complex materials, these parameters take on a stochastic nature due in turn to structural and chemical disorder. Lineshapes may still overlap in the isotropic dimension, complicating the task of assignment and interpretation. A distributed computational approach is presented here which permits simulation of the two-dimensional MQMAS spectrum, generated by random variates from model distributions of isotropic chemical and quadrupole shifts. Owing to the non-convex nature of the residual sum of squares (RSS) function between experimental and simulated spectra, simulated annealing is used to optimize the simulation parameters. In this manner, local chemical environments for disordered materials may be characterized, and via a re-sampling approach, error estimates for parameters produced.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 5 of Comparison of carbohydrate ABC importers from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Creators: name: De la Torre, Lilia I.
name: Vergara Meza, José G.
name: Cabarca, Sindy
name: Costa-Martins, André G.
name: Balan, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Amino acid sequence alignment of the M. tuberculosis H37Rv sugar binding proteins and structural information. A Alignment of UgpB, Rv2041c, LpqY and UspC obtained with the Expresso program in the T-coffee server ( http://tcoffee.crg.cat/apps/tcoffee/do:expresso ). Amino acids that form the ligand-binding pocket are highlighted in green. The region of the three subsites is shown. B Three-dimensional structure of UgpB in cartoon showing the five regions with highest conservation (left). The putative function of each region is represented in the structure in color surface (right).
Role of coherence in resistance quantization
Creators: name: Buttiker, Markus
name: Nigg, Simon E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantization of resistances in the quantum Hall effect and ballistic transport through quantum point contacts is compared with the quantization of the charge relaxation resistance of a coherent mesoscopic capacitor. While the former two require the existence of a perfectly transmitting channel, the charge relaxation resistance remains quantized for arbitrary backscattering. The quantum Hall effect and the quantum point contact require only local phase coherence. In contrast quantization of the charge relaxation resistance requires global phase coherence.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
On-the-Fly, Sample-Tailored Optimisation of NMR Experiments
Creators: name: Yong, Jonathan R. J.
name: Foroozandeh, Mohammadali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: NMR experiments, indispensable to chemists in many areas of research, are often run with generic, unoptimised experimental parameters. This approach makes robust and automated acquisition on different samples and instruments extremely challenging. Here, we introduce NMR-POISE (Parameter Optimisation by Iterative Spectral Evaluation), the first demonstration of on-the-fly, sample-tailored, and fully automated optimisation of a wide range of NMR experiments. We illustrate how POISE maximises spectral sensitivity and quality with a diverse set of 1D and 2D examples, ranging from HSQC and NOESY experiments to ultrafast and pure shift techniques. Our Python implementation of POISE has an interface integrated into Bruker's TopSpin software, one of the most widely used platforms for NMR acquisition and automation, allowing NMR optimisations to be run without direct user supervision. We predict that POISE will find widespread usage in academia and industry, where sample-specific and automated experiment optimisation is mandatory.
description: Main text contains 8 pages/8 figures; supplementary information contains 98 pages/13 figures. This document is an early version of a work published in Analytical Chemistry (copyright American Chemical Society) after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work, see https://pubs.acs.org/articlesonrequest/AOR-5NUENKARQPBXK47GR88H
Quantum Density Fluctuations in Classical Liquids
Creators: name: Ford, L. H.
name: Svaiter, N. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the density fluctuations of a fluid due to zero point motion. These can be regarded as density fluctuations in the phonon vacuum state. We assume a linear dispersion relation with a fixed speed of sound and calculate the density correlation function. We note that this function has the same form as the correlation function for the time derivative of a relativistic massless scalar field, but with the speed of light replaced by the speed of sound. As a result, the study of density fluctuations in a fluid can be a useful analog model for better understanding fluctuations in relativistic quantum field theory. We next calculate the differential cross section for light scattering by the zero point density fluctuations, and find a result proportional to the fifth power of the light frequency. This can be understood as the product of fourth power dependence of the usual Rayleigh cross section with the linear frequency dependence of the spectrum of zero point density fluctuations. We give some estimates of the relative magnitude of this effect compared to the scattering by thermal density fluctuations, and find that it can be of order 0.5% for water at room temperature and optical frequencies. This relative magnitude is proportional to frequency and inversely proportional to temperature. Although the scattering by zero point density fluctuation is small, it may be observable.
description: 7 pages
Critical current of spin transfer torque-driven magnetization dynamics in magnetic multilayers
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
name: Imamura, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical current of the spin transfer torque-driven magnetization dynamics was studied by taking into account both spin pumping and the finite penetration depth of the transverse spin current. We successfully reproduced the recent experimental results obtained by Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 74}, 144408 (2006)] and found that the critical current remains finite even in the zero-thickness limit of the free layer. We showed that the remaining value of the critical current is determined mainly by spin pumping.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Picovoltmeter for probing vortex dynamics in a single weak-pinning Corbino channel
Creators: name: Heitmann, T. W.
name: Yu, K.
name: Song, C.
name: DeFeo, M. P.
name: Plourde, B. L. T.
name: Hesselberth, M. B. S.
name: Kes, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a picovoltmeter using a Nb dc Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) for measuring the flux-flow voltage from a small number of vortices moving through a submicron weak-pinning superconducting channel. We have applied this picovoltmeter to measure the vortex response in a single channel arranged in a circle on a Corbino disk geometry. The circular channel allows the vortices to follow closed orbits without encountering any sample edges, thus eliminating the influence of entry barriers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments
Additional file 1 of Expression of the human molecular chaperone domain Bri2 BRICHOS on a gram per liter scale with an E. coli fed-batch culture
Creators: name: Schmuck, Benjamin
name: Chen, Gefei
name: Pelcman, Josef
name: Kronqvist, Nina
name: Rising, Anna
name: Johansson, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Summary of key parameters for the expression and purification of NT*-Bri2 BRICHOS. Figure S1. SDS PAGE of NT*-Bri2 BRICHOS IMAC eluates. Figure S2-3. Estimation of the NT*-Bri2 BRICHOS expression level using SDS-PAGE. Figure S4. Native PAGE and SDS-PAGE of rh Bri2 BRICHOS.
Clifford Algebra of Nonrelativistic Phase Space and the Concept of Mass
Creators: name: Zenczykowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prompted by a recent demonstration that the structure of a single quark-lepton generation may be understood via a Dirac-like linearization of the form p^2+x^2, we analyze the corresponding Clifford algebra in some detail. After classifying all elements of this algebra according to their U(1) x SU(3) and SU(2) transformation properties, we identify the element which might be associated with the concept of lepton mass. This element is then transformed into a corresponding element for a single coloured quark. It is shown that - although none of the three thus obtained individual quark mass elements is rotationally invariant - the rotational invariance of the quark mass term is restored when the sum over quark colours is performed.
description: 30 pages
The minimal degree of plane models of double covers of smooth curves
Creators: name: Shin, Dongsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H45; 14C20

description: If $X$ is a smooth curve such that the minimal degree of its plane models is not too small compared with its genus, then $X$ has been known to be a double cover of another smooth curve $Y$ under some mild condition on the genera. However there are no results yet for the minimal degrees of plane models of double covers except some special cases. In this paper, we give upper and lower bounds for the minimal degree of plane models of the double cover $X$ in terms of the gonality of the base curve $Y$ and the genera of $X$ and $Y$. In particular, the upper bound equals to the lower bound in case $Y$ is hyperelliptic. We give an example of a double cover which has plane models of degree equal to the lower bound.
description: 13 pages; Sharpened the main result (Theorem 3.8); Corrected some errors (Theorem 4.1); Final version to appear in JPAA
The B3-VLA CSS sample. VII: WSRT Polarisation Observations and the Ambient Faraday Medium Properties Revisited
Creators: name: Rossetti, A.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: Fanti, C.
name: Fanti, R.
name: Mack, K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new polarisation observations at 13 cm, acquired using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT), of 65 sources, from the B3-VLA sample of Compact Steep-Spectrum sources. These new data are combined with our VLA polarisation data, at 3.6, 6 and, 21 cm, presented in a previous paper. Due to the multi-channel frequency capabilities of the WSRT, these new 13 cm observations enable a more reliable determination of integrated Rotation Measures, and of depolarisation behaviour with wavelength. The new data are inconsistent with the depolarisation models that we used earlier, and we propose an alternative model which seems to work properly. We also revise our previous model for the external Faraday screen, and its dependence on the source redshift.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Composite non-clinical interventions for a safe cesarean section rate reduction: results of a pre-post interventional study
Creators: name: Fruscalzo, A.
name: Reinecke, K.
name: Londero, A. P.
name: Gantert, M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. The Robson Classification (According to “Robson Classification: Implementation Manual”. Geneva: WHO; 2017. Licence: CCBY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO).
A Circumplanetary Disk Around PDS70c
Creators: name: Benisty, Myriam
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Keppler, Miriam
name: Teague, Richard
name: Isella, Andrea
name: Kurtovic, Nicolas T.
name: Perez, Laura M.
name: Sierra, Anibal
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Carpenter, John
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Dominik, Carsten
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Menard, Francois
name: Pinilla, Paola
name: Zurlo, Alice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PDS70 is a unique system in which two protoplanets, PDS70b and c, have been discovered within the dust-depleted cavity of their disk, at $\sim$22 and 34au respectively, by direct imaging at infrared wavelengths. Subsequent detection of the planets in the H$α$ line indicates that they are still accreting material through circumplanetary disks. In this Letter, we present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the dust continuum emission at 855$μ$m at high angular resolution ($\sim$20mas, 2.3au) that aim to resolve the circumplanetary disks and constrain their dust masses. Our observations confirm the presence of a compact source of emission co-located with PDS70c, spatially separated from the circumstellar disk and less extended than $\sim$1.2au in radius, a value close to the expected truncation radius of the cicumplanetary disk at a third of the Hill radius. The emission around PDS70c has a peak intensity of $\sim$86$\pm$16 $μ\mathrm{Jy}~\mathrm{beam}^{-1}$ which corresponds to a dust mass of $\sim$0.031M$_{\oplus}$ or $\sim$0.007M$_{\oplus}$, assuming that it is only constituted of 1 $μ$m or 1 mm sized grains, respectively. We also detect extended, low surface brightness continuum emission within the cavity near PDS70b. We observe an optically thin inner disk within 18au of the star with an emission that could result from small micron-sized grains transported from the outer disk through the orbits of b and c. In addition, we find that the outer disk resolves into a narrow and bright ring with a faint inner shoulder.
description: ApJ Letters, in press; 19 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Electrocardiographic abnormalities in COVID-19 patients visiting the emergency department: a multicenter retrospective study
Creators: name: De Carvalho, Hugo
name: Leonard-Pons, Lucas
name: Segard, Julien
name: Goffinet, Nicolas
name: Javaudin, François
name: Martinage, Arnaud
name: Cattin, Guillaume
name: Tiberghien, Severin
name: Therasse, Dylan
name: Trotignon, Marc
name: Arabucki, Fabien
name: Ribes, Simon
name: Le Bastard, Quentin
name: Montassier, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Details of the multivariate model performed
Magnetic Fluctuations and Turbulence in the Venus Magnetosheath and Wake
Creators: name: Vörös, Z.
name: Zhang, T. L.
name: Leubner, M. P.
name: Volwerk, M.
name: Delva, M.
name: Baumjohann, W.
name: Kudela, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent research has shown that distinct physical regions in the Venusian induced magnetosphere are recognizable from the variations of strength and of wave/fluctuation activity of the magnetic field. In this paper the statistical properties of magnetic fluctuations are investigated in the Venusian magnetosheath, terminator, and wake regions. The latter two regions were not visited by previous missions. We found 1/f fluctuations in the magnetosheath, large-scale structures near the terminator and more developed turbulence further downstream in the wake. Location independent short-tailed non-Gaussian statistics was observed.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
title: Quantum symmetry
Creators: name: Caspers, Martijn
Publisher: name: Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach
Year: 2020

description: The symmetry of objects plays a crucial role in many branches of mathematics and physics. It allowed, for example, the early prediction of the existence of new small particles. “Quantum symmetry” concerns a generalized notion of symmetry. It is an abstract way of characterizing the symmetry of a much richer class of mathematical and physical objects. In this snapshot we explain how quantum symmetry emerges as matrix symmetries using a famous example: Mermin’s magic square. It shows that quantum symmetries can solve problems that lie beyond the reach of classical symmetries, showing that quantum symmetries play a central role in modern mathematics.
description: Snapshots of modern mathematics from Oberwolfach;2020/09
HEMET: A Homomorphic-Encryption-Friendly Privacy-Preserving Mobile Neural Network Architecture
Creators: name: Lou, Qian
name: Jiang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is used to implement Privacy-Preserving Neural Networks (PPNNs) that perform inferences directly on encrypted data without decryption. Prior PPNNs adopt mobile network architectures such as SqueezeNet for smaller computing overhead, but we find naïvely using mobile network architectures for a PPNN does not necessarily achieve shorter inference latency. Despite having less parameters, a mobile network architecture typically introduces more layers and increases the HE multiplicative depth of a PPNN, thereby prolonging its inference latency. In this paper, we propose a \textbf{HE}-friendly privacy-preserving \textbf{M}obile neural n\textbf{ET}work architecture, \textbf{HEMET}. Experimental results show that, compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) PPNNs, HEMET reduces the inference latency by $59.3\%\sim 61.2\%$, and improves the inference accuracy by $0.4 \% \sim 0.5\%$.
Planetary Transits and Tidal Evolution
Creators: name: Jackson, Brian
name: Barnes, Rory
name: Greenberg, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting planets are generally close enough to their host stars that tides may govern their orbital and thermal evolution of these planets. We present calculations of the tidal evolution of recently discovered transiting planets and discuss their implications. The tidal heating that accompanies this orbital evolution can be so great that it controls the planet's physical properties and may explain the large radii observed in several cases, including, for example, TrES-4. Also because a planet's transit probability depends on its orbit, it evolves due to tides. Current values depend sensitively on the physical properties of the star and planet, as well as on the system's age. As a result, tidal effects may introduce observational biases in transit surveys, which may already be evident in current observations. Transiting planets tend to be younger than non-transiting planets, an indication that tidal evolution may have destroyed many close-in planets. Also the distribution of the masses of transiting planets may constrain the orbital inclinations of non-transiting planets.
description: submitted 2008 Jul 3 to Proc. IAU Symp. No. 253, "Transiting Planets", eds. F. Pont et al., May 19-23, 2008, Cambridge, MA [13 pages]
Additional file 1 of Assessment of various efficacy outcomes using ERIVANCE-like criteria in patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma receiving sonidegib: results from a preplanned sensitivity analysis
Creators: name: Gutzmer, Ralf
name: Robert, Caroline
name: Loquai, Carmen
name: Schadendorf, Dirk
name: Squittieri, Nicholas
name: Arntz, Ramon
name: Martelli, Serena
name: Dummer, Reinhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The distribution of Pearson residuals in generalized linear models
Creators: name: Cordeiro, Gauss M.
name: Simas, Alexandre B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In general, the distribution of residuals cannot be obtained explicitly. We give an asymptotic formula for the density of Pearson residuals in continuous generalized linear models corrected to order $n^{-1}$, where $n$ is the sample size. We define corrected Pearson residuals for these models that, to this order of approximation, have exactly the same distribution of the true Pearson residuals. Applications for important generalized linear models are provided and simulation results for a gamma model illustrate the usefulness of the corrected Pearson residuals.
Search for and Identification of Young Compact Galactic Supernova Remnants Using THOR
Creators: name: Ranasinghe, S.
name: Leahy, D.
name: Stil, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young Supernova remnants (SNRs) with smaller angular sizes are likely missing from existing radio SNR catalogues, caused by observational constraints and selection effects. In order to find new compact radio SNR candidates, we searched the high angular resolution (25") THOR radio survey of the first quadrant of the galaxy. We selected sources with non-thermal radio spectra. HI absorption spectra and channel maps were used to identify which sources are galactic and to estimate their distances. Two new compact SNRs were found: G31.299$-$0.493 and G18.760$-$0.072, of which the latter was a previously suggested SNR candidate. The distances to these SNRs are 5.0 $\pm$ 0.3 kpc and 4.7 $\pm$ 0.2 kpc, respectively. Based on the SN rate in the galaxy or on the statistics of known SNRs, we estimate that there are 15$-$20 not yet detected compact SNRs in the galaxy and that the THOR survey area should contain three or four. Our detection of two SNRs (half the expected number) is consistent with the THOR sensitivity limit compared with the distribution of integrated flux densities of SNRs.
description: 22 pages, 12 Figures
Gravitational Wave Production by Collisions: More Bubbles
Creators: name: Huber, Stephan J.
name: Konstandin, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reexamine the production of gravitational waves by bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition. The spectrum of the gravitational radiation is determined by numerical simulations using the "envelope approximation". We find that the spectrum rises as f^3.0 for small frequencies and decreases as f^-1.0 for high frequencies. Thus, the fall-off at high frequencies is significantly slower than previously stated in the literature. This result has direct impact on detection prospects for gravity waves originating from a strong first-order electroweak phase transition at space-based interferometers, such as LISA or BBO. In addition, we observe a slight dependence of the peak frequency on the bubble wall velocity.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures; some comments added, published version
Additional file 1 of The impact of Taiwan’s implementation of a nationwide harm reduction program in 2006 on the use of various illicit drugs: trend analysis of first-time offenders from 2001 to 2017
Creators: name: Chen, Wei J.
name: Chen, Chi-Ya
name: Wu, Shang-Chi
name: Wu, Kevin Chien-Chang
name: Jou, Susyan
name: Tung, Yu-Chi
name: Lu, Tzu-Pin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Number of illicit drug offences (in events), from schedule I to IV, and offenders (in persons), aged 18–69, 2001–2017, Taiwan. Table S2. Number of first-time illicit drug offenders in Taiwan, 2001–2017, stratified by sex and age groups. Table S3. Time series modeling with segmented regression that contains four parameters of age-standardized first-time offence rates (per 100,000) for heroin, methamphetamine, and ecstasy, respectively, from 2001 to 2017 in Taiwan. Table S4. Age-standardized first-time offence rate for hierarchically classified illicit drugs in Taiwan, 2001–2017, stratified by age groups: (a) 18–24 years old; (b) 25–29 years old; (c) 30–39 years old; (d) 40–49 years old; and (e) 50–59 years old.
Study of reconnection-associated multi-scale fluctuations with Cluster and Double Star
Creators: name: Vörös, Z.
name: Nakamura, R.
name: Sergeev, V.
name: Baumjohann, W.
name: Runov, A.
name: Zhang, T. L.
name: Volwerk, M.
name: Takada, T.
name: Jankovičová, D.
name: Lucek, E.
name: Rème, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The objective of the paper is to asses the specific spectral scaling properties of magnetic reconnection associated fluctuations/turbulence at the Earthward and tailward outflow regions observed simultaneously by the Cluster and Double Star (TC-2) spacecraft on September 26, 2005. Systematic comparisons of spectral characteristics, including variance anisotropy and scale-dependent spectral anisotropy features in wave vector space were possible due to the well-documented reconnection events, occurring between the positions of Cluster (X = -14--16 $R_e$) and TC-2 (X = -6.6 $R_e$). Another factor of key importance is that the magnetometers on the spacecraft are similar. The comparisons provide further evidence for asymmetry of physical processes in Earthward/tailward reconnection outflow regions. Variance anisotropy and spectral anisotropy angles estimated from the multi-scale magnetic fluctuations in the tailward outflow region show features which are characteristic for magnetohydrodynamic cascading turbulence in the presence of a local mean magnetic field. The multi-scale magnetic fluctuations in the Earthward outflow region are exhibiting more power, lack of variance and scale dependent anisotropies, but also having larger anisotropy angles. In this region the magnetic field is more dipolar, the main processes driving turbulence are flow breaking/mixing, perhaps combined with turbulence ageing and non-cascade related multi-scale energy sources.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures
The evolution of merger fraction of galaxies at z < 0.6 depending on the star formation mode in the AKARI NEP Wide field
Creators: name: Kim, Eunbin
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Jeong, Woong-Seob
name: Kim, Seong Jin
name: Burgarella, Denis
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Hashimoto, Tetsuya
name: Jo, Young-Soo
name: Lee, Jong Chul
name: Malkan, Matthew
name: Pearson, Chris
name: Shim, Hyunjin
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Ho, Simon C. -C.
name: Santos, Daryl Joe
name: Ikeda, Hiroyuki
name: Kim, Helen K.
name: Miyaji, Takamitsu
name: Matsuhara, Hideo
name: Oi, Nagisa
name: Takagi, Toshinobu
name: Wang, Ting-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the galaxy merger fraction and its dependence on star formation mode in the5.4 square degrees of the North Ecliptic Pole-Wide field. We select 6352 galaxies withAKARI 9μm detections, and identify mergers among them using the Gini coefficientand M20derived from the Subaru/HSC optical images. We obtain the total infraredluminosity and star formation rate of galaxies using the spectral energy distributiontemplates based on one band, AKARI 9μm. We classify galaxies into three differentstar formation modes (i.e. starbursts, main sequence, and quiescent galaxies) andcalculate the merger fractions for each. We find that the merger fractions of galaxiesincrease with redshift atz<0.6. The merger fractions of starbursts are higher thanthose of main sequence and quiescent galaxies in all redshift bins. We also examinethe merger fractions of far-infrared detected galaxies which have at least one detectionfromHerschel/SPIRE. We find thatHerscheldetected galaxies have higher mergerfraction compared to non-Herscheldetected galaxies, and bothHerscheldetected andnon-Herscheldetected galaxies show clearly different merger fractions depending onthe star formation modes.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Reinforcement learning: a control approach for reducing component damage in mobile machines
Creators: name: Brinkschulte, Lars
name: Graf, Marina
name: Geimer, Marcus
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)
Year: 2020
Subjects: 12. IFK
Verstärkungslernen
aktive Schwingungsdämpfung
Schadensreduzierung
Radlader
Ganzheitliche Radladersimulation
12th International Fluid Power Conference
Reinforcement Learning
Active Vibration Damping
Damage Reduction
Wheel Loader
Holistic Wheel Loader Simulation

description: This paper presents an active component damage reducing control approach for driving manoeuvres of a wheel loader. For this purpose, the front and rear axle loads will be manipulated by force pulses induced into the machine chassis via the lifting cylinders of the function drive. The associated control approach is based on the principles of Reinforcement Learning. The essential advantage of such methods against linear control approaches is that no descriptive system properties are required, but the algorithm automatically determines the system behaviour. Due to the high number of necessary training runs, the algorithm is designed and taught using a validated wheel loader simulation model. After over 850 training runs, an optimal strategy for damping the axle loads could not yet be determined. In spite of the unprecedented convergence, initial improvements of the damage values have already been achieved on tracks that deviate from the training track. Some of these results show a 4.9 % lower component damage compared to a machine setting with no damping system. The results and limits of this strategy are discussed due to a comparison with other scientific active vibration damping approaches. Currently, a linear control method (P-PI-controller) has a higher damage reduction potential, but it is expected that further training runs and another learning algorithm could make the reinforcement learning approach even more effective. Coupling the linear control method with the selflearning approach shows the highest potential for the axle damage reduction.
PV Cep and V350 Cep: stars on the way between FUors AND EXors
Creators: name: Andreasyan, H. R.
name: Magakian, T. Yu.
name: Movsessian, T. A.
name: Moiseev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on new observations during 2015-2020 and published data, the unusual eruptive variables PV Cep and V350 Cep are examined. It is shown that PV Cep underwent a regular outburst followed by a drop in brightness that lasted overall from 2011 to 2019 and is still in a deep minimum. The outburst was accompanied by substantial changes in the intensity and profiles of a number of lines, including Ha, [SII], and [OI]. The forbidden lines generally have negative radial velocities and can be divided into four components, with variable velocities and relative intensities. V350 Cep essentially is at a maximum brightness level over the entire time and its spectrum is practically unaltered. The available data suggest that the pronounced P Cyg profile of the Ha line in the spectrum of V350 Cep appeared several years after the luminosity rise, in 1986. The luminosities of the stars in the current state are estimated to be 20 L(sun) and 3.3 L(sun), respectively. It is concluded that both stars may represent a so-called intermediate objects between the FUor and EXor classes.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Onchocercidae Leiper
Creators: name: Santos, Cláudia Portes
name: Gibson, David I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Secernentea
Spirurida
Onchocercidae

description: Family Onchocercidae Leiper   1. Buccal cavity long, tubular, with thick walls; vulva postoesophageal or at level of oesophagus....... Litomosoides Chandler Species: L. artibei Esslinger, 1973; L. brasiliensis Almeida, 1936; L. caliensis Esslinger, 1973; L. carolliae venezuelensis Rodrigo, 1964; L. chandleri Esslinger, 1973; L. colombiensis Esslinger, 1973; L. hamletti Sandground, 1934; L. molossi Esslinger, 1973; L. salazari Notarnicola, Jiménez Ruíz & Gardner, 2010; L. serpicula (Molin, 1858); L. solarii Guerrero, Martin, Gardner & Bain, 2002; L. teshi Esslinger, 1973; L. yutajensis Guerrero, Martin & Bain, 2003; Litomosoides sp.
 - Buccal cavity not long and tubular, without thick walls; vulva pre-oesophageal........... Migonella Lent, Freitas & Proença Species: M. fracchiai Lent, Freitas & Proença, 1946
description: Published as part of Santos, Cláudia Portes & Gibson, David I., 2015, Checklist of the Helminth Parasites of South American Bats, pp. 471-499 in Zootaxa 3937 (3) on page 473, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3937.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/240106
Flipped SU(5) GUT Phenomenology: Proton Decay and $g_μ-2$
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Evans, Jason L.
name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
name: Olive, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider proton decay and $g_μ- 2$ in flipped SU(5) GUT models. We first study scenarios in which the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters are constrained to be universal at some high scale $M_{in}$ above the standard GUT scale where the QCD and electroweak SU(2) couplings unify. In this case the proton lifetime is typically $\gtrsim 10^{36}$~yrs, too long to be detected in the foreseeable future, and the supersymmetric contribution to $g_μ- 2$ is too small to contribute significantly to resolving the discrepancy between the experimental measurement and data-driven calculations within the Standard Model. However, we identify a region of the constrained flipped SU(5) parameter space with large couplings between the 10- and 5-dimensional GUT Higgs representations where $p \to e^+ π^0$ decay may be detectable in the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment now under construction, though the contribution to $g_μ-2$ is still small. A substantial contribution to $g_μ- 2$ is possible, however, if the universality constraints on the soft supersymmetry-breaking masses are relaxed. We find a `quadrifecta' region where observable proton decay co-exists with a (partial) supersymmetric resolution of the $g_μ- 2$ discrepancy and acceptable values of $m_h$ and the relic LSP density.
description: 25 pages, 23 figures
Entanglement of Solitons in the Frenkel-Kontorova Model
Creators: name: Marcovitch, Samuel
name: Reznik, Benni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate entanglement of solitons in the continuum-limit of the nonlinear Frenkel-Kontorova chain. We find that the entanglement of solitons manifests particle-like behavior as they are characterized by localization of entanglement. The von-Neumann entropy of solitons mixes critical with noncritical behaviors. Inside the core of the soliton the logarithmic increase of the entropy is faster than the universal increase of a critical field, whereas outside the core the entropy decreases and saturates the constant value of the corresponding massive noncritical field. In addition, two solitons manifest long-range entanglement that decreases with the separation of the solitons more slowly than the universal decrease of the critical field. Interestingly, in the noncritical regime of the Frenkel-Kontorova model, entanglement can even increase with the separation of the solitons. We show that most of the entanglement of the so-called internal modes of the solitons is saturated by local degrees of freedom inside the core, and therefore we suggest using the internal modes as carriers of quantum information.
description: 16 pages, 22 figures
Parallel time integration using Batched BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) routines
Creators: name: Herb, Konstantin
name: Welter, Pol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach for integrating the time evolution of quantum systems. We leverage the computation power of graphics processing units (GPUs) to perform the integration of all time steps in parallel. The performance boost is especially prominent for small to medium-sized quantum systems. The devised algorithm can largely be implemented using the recently-specified batched versions of the BLAS routines, and can therefore be easily ported to a variety of platforms. Our PARAllelized Matrix Exponentiation for Numerical Time evolution (PARAMENT) implementation runs on CUDA-enabled graphics processing units.
description: 8 pages including source of the integration core in pseudo C code
Detection of C3O in the low-mass protostar Elias 18
Creators: name: Palumbo, M. E.
name: Leto, P.
name: Siringo, C.
name: Trigilio, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed new laboratory experiments which gave us the possibility to obtain an estimate of the amount of carbon chain oxides (namely C3O2, C2O, and C3O) formed after irradiation (with 200 keV protons) of pure CO ice, at 16 K. The analysis of laboratory data indicates that in dense molecular clouds, when high CO depletion occurs, an amount of carbon chain oxides as high as 2-3x10^-3 with respect to gas phase carbon monoxide can be formed after ion irradiation of icy grain mantles. Then we have searched for gas phase C2O and C3O towards ten low-mass young stellar objects. Among these we have detected the C3O line at 38486.891 MHz towards the low-mass protostar Elias 18. On the basis of the laboratory results we suggest that in dense molecular clouds gas phase carbon chain oxides are formed in the solid phase after cosmic ion irradiation of CO-rich icy mantles and released to the gas phase after desorption of icy mantles. We expect that the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), thanks to its high sensitivity and resolution, will increase the number of carbon chain oxides detected in dense molecular clouds.
description: 19 Pages, 5 figures, Accepted to ApJ
Quintessential Kination and Thermal Production of Gravitinos and Axinos
Creators: name: Gomez, M. E.
name: Lola, S.
name: Pallis, C.
name: Rodriguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of a kination-dominated phase generated by a quintessential exponential model on the thermal abundance of gravitinos and axinos is investigated. We find that their abundances become proportional to the transition temperature from the kination to the radiation era; since this temperature is significantly lower than the initial ("reheating") temperature, the abundances decrease with respect to their values in the standard cosmology. For values of the quintessential energy-density parameter close to its upper bound, at the eve of nucleosynthesis, we find the following: (i) for unstable gravitinos, the gravitino constraint is totally evaded; (ii) If the gravitino is stable, its thermal abundance is not sufficient to account for the cold dark matter of the universe; (iii) the thermal abundance of axinos can satisfy the cold dark matter constraint for values of the initial temperature well above those required in the standard cosmology. A novel calculation of the axino production rate by scatterings at low temperature is also presented.
description: Published Version
Morality and the amoral agent
Creators: name: Durward, Gregory William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The thesis is an exploration of the possibility and rationality of amoral agency. A characterization of the moral agent and his mode of practical deliberation is developed, taking as central the objectivity or impersonal validity of moral judgments and principles, and the concern of morality with the welfare of persons in general. This provides the framework for a discussion of two main forms of amorality. A person may qualify as an amoral agent either because he has little or no concern for other persons' well-being and recognizes no valid claim on him to thus concern himself, or because he operates with a radically subjectivist view of practical reasons and principles of action. As an interesting and widely discussed example of the former sort of amoralism, a number of forms of egoism are discussed and it is argued that, while ethical egoism is untenable, there are individualistic egoistic theories which avoid the most serious anti-egoist arguments. The more interesting sort of amorality, from a philosophical point of view, is the subjectivist one and some effort is made to outline a subjectivist theory of practical reasoning. Subjectivist metamoral theories are considered and rejected as accounts of the ordinary moral consciousness. The possibility of treating such theories as revisionistic in nature is discussed and the conclusion is that, while they may underwrite an outlook which can plausibly be regarded as moral, the subjectivist moral agent can maintain his position only with difficulty. This is because there is a natural drift from moral thinking to an objectivist posture and vice versa.
Influence of the atomic-scale inhomogeneity of the pair interaction on extracted from the STM spectra characteristics of high-$T_c$ superconductors
Creators: name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the atomic-scale inhomogeneities of the pairing interaction strength on the superconducting order parameter and the conductance spectra measurable by STM is studied in the framework of weak-coupling BCS-like theory for two-dimensional lattice model. First of all, it is found that the inhomogeneity having the form of atomic-scale regions of enhanced pair interaction increases the ratio of the local low-temperature gap in differential conductance spectra to the local temperature of vanishing the gap $2Δ_g/T_p$. Even in the framework of mean-field treatment this ratio is shown to be larger than the one corresponding to the homogeneous case. It is shown that the effect of thermal phase fluctuations of the superconducting order parameter can further increase this ratio. Taking them into account in the framework of a toy model we obtained the ratio $2Δ_g/T_p$ to be $\sim 7-8$. It is found that the additional atomic-scale hopping element disorder and weak potential scatterers, which can also take place in cuprate materials, have no considerable effect on the statistical properties of the system, including the distribution of the gaps, $T_p$ and the ratio $2Δ_g/T_p$. The second consequence of the atomic-scale order parameter inhomogeneity is the anticorrelation between the low-temperature gap and the high-temperature zero-bias conductance. The obtained results could bear a relation to recent STM measurements.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Traveling waves and Compactons in Phase Oscillator Lattices
Creators: name: Ahnert, Karsten
name: Pikovsky, Arkardy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study waves in a chain of dispersively coupled phase oscillators. Two approaches -- a quasi-continuous approximation and an iterative numerical solution of the lattice equation -- allow us to characterize different types of traveling waves: compactons, kovatons, solitary waves with exponential tails as well as a novel type of semi-compact waves that are compact from one side. Stability of these waves is studied using numerical simulations of the initial value problem.
description: 22 pages, 25 figures
Luminescence Properties of a Fibonacci Photonic Quasicrystal
Creators: name: Passias, Vasilios
name: Valappil, Nikesh
name: Shi, Zhou
name: Deych, Lev
name: Lisyansky, Alexander
name: Menon, Vinod M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the realization of an active one-dimensional Fibonacci photonic quasi-crystal via spin coating. Manipulation of the luminescence properties of an organic dye embedded in the quasi-crystal is presented and compared to theoretical simulations. The luminescence occurs via the pseudo-bandedge mode and follows the dispersion properties of the Fibonacci crystal. Time resolved luminescence measurement of the active structure shows faster spontaneous emission rate, indicating the effect of the large photon densities available at the bandedge due to the presence of critically localized states. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with the theoretical calculations.
description: PDF file, 14 pages 4 figures