OS CANUDOS PLÁSTICOS E SUAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE REGULAMENTAÇÃO NOS PAÍSES AMERICANOS
Creators: name: Mailes Neto, Arnaldo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91209 Polymers and Plastics
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 160507 Environment Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180111 Environmental and Natural Resources Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 160605 Environmental Politics

description: Plastic straws represent a small portion among the waste disposed by the population. However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among the 10 most collected objects in clean-up activities. Since 2017, they have become amatter of worldwide concern and repercussion, to the point that legislations limiting or prohibiting them. However, these are still poorly documented in the scientific literature. The objective of this paper was to investigate, categorize, analyze and compare existing regulations in the American continent, so that best practices are proposed to assist in future decision making. Moreover, complementarily, technically analyze the materials of different drinking straws. An investigation was conducted from official government sources resulting in 240 regulations from different locations across the American continent (from Vancouver to Ushuaia), they were categorized and analyzed from 13 developed issues. We also technically analyzed three types of drinking straws from three scientific tests (DSC, TGA and FTIR). The results of the regulatory analysis found that most policies do not use technical standards in their legal obligations (82% of those related to biodegradability), were adopted in the period 2018/2019 (96%) and have no accessibility options (72%). Greater inclusion of academia is needed in environmental public policy making and a broader discussion for inclusion. The solution for plastic pollution goes far beyond specific solutions and needs to be broad, such as improving Urban Solid Waste management, acting in circular economy and environmental awareness.Plastic straws represent a small portion among the waste disposed by the population. However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among the 10 most collected objects in clean-up activities. Since 2017, they have become amatter of worldwide concern and repercussion, to the point that legislations limiting or prohibiting them. However, these are still poorly documented in the scientific literature. The objective of this paper was to investigate, categorize, analyze and compare existing regulations in the American continent, so that best practices are proposed to assist in future decision making. Moreover, complementarily, technically analyze the materials of different drinking straws. An investigation was conducted from official government sources resulting in 240 regulations from different locations across the American continent (from Vancouver to Ushuaia), they were categorized and analyzed from 13 developed issues. We also technically analyzed three types of drinking straws from three scientific tests (DSC, TGA and FTIR). The results of the regulatory analysis found that most policies do not use technical standards in their legal obligations (82% of those related to biodegradability), were adopted in the period 2018/2019 (96%) and have no accessibility options (72%). Greater inclusion of academia is needed in environmental public policy making and a broader discussion for inclusion. The solution for plastic pollution goes far beyond specific solutions and needs to be broad, such as improving Urban Solid Waste management, acting in circular economy and environmental awareness. Plastic straws represent a small portion among the waste disposed by the population. However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among the 10 most collected objects in clean-up activities. Since 2017, they have become amatter of worldwide concern and repercussion, to the point that legislations limiting or prohibiting them. However, these are still poorly documented in the scientific literature. The objective of this paper was to investigate, categorize, analyze and compare existing regulations in the American continent, so that best practices are proposed to assist in future decision making. Moreover, complementarily, technically analyze the materials of different drinking straws. An investigation was conducted from official government sources resulting in 240 regulations from different locations across the American continent (from Vancouver to Ushuaia), they were categorized and analyzed from 13 developed issues. We also technically analyzed three types of drinking straws from three scientific tests (DSC, TGA and FTIR). The results of the regulatory analysis found that most policies do not use technical standards in their legal obligations (82% of those related to biodegradability), were adopted in the period 2018/2019 (96%) and have no accessibility options (72%). Greater inclusion of academia is needed in environmental public policy making and a broader discussion for inclusion. The solution for plastic pollution goes far beyond specific solutions and needs to be broad, such as improving Urban Solid Waste management, acting in circular economy and environmental awareness. Plastic straws represent a small portion among the waste disposed by the population. However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among the 10 most collected objects in clean-up activities. Since 2017, they have become a However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among the 10 most collected objects in clean-up activities. Since 2017, they have become amatter of worldwide concern and repercussion, to the point that legislations limiting or or However, they represent a significant portion of marine and coastal waste, being among the 10 most collected objects in clean-up activities. Since 2017, they have become amatter of worldwide concern and repercussion, to the point that legislations limiting or prohibiting them. However, these are still poorly documented in the scientific literature. ture. The objective of this paper was to investigate, categorize, analyze and compare existing regulations in the American continent, so that best practices are proposed to assist in future decision making. Moreover, complementarily, technically analyze the materials of different drinking straws. An investigation was conducted from official government sources resulting in 240 regulations from different locations across the American continent (from Vancouver to Ushuaia), they were categorized and analyzed from 13 developed issues. We also technically analyzed three types of drinking straws from three scientific tests (DSC, TGA and FTIR). The results of the regulatory analysis found that most policies do not use technical standards in their legal obligations (82% of those related to biodegradability), were adopted in the period 2018/2019 (96%) and have no accessibility options (72%). Greater inclusion of academia is needed in environmental public policy making and a broader discussion for inclusion. The solution for plastic pollution goes far beyond specific solutions and needs to be broad, such as improving Urban Solid Waste management, acting in circular economy and environmental awareness.