cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nanomechanical Resonators and Their Applications in Biological/Chemical Detection: Nanomechanics Principles
Creators: name: Eom, Kilho
name: Park, Harold S.
name: Yoon, Dae Sung
name: Kwon, Taeyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) such as nanomechanical resonators, which have recently received significant attention from the scientific community. This has not only been for their capability for the label-free detection of bio/chemical-molecules at single-molecule (or atomic) resolution for future applications such as the early diagnostics of diseases such as cancer, but also for their unprecedented ability to detect physical quantities such as molecular weight, elastic stiffness, surface stress, and surface elastic stiffness for adsorbed molecules on the surface. Most experimental works on resonator-based molecular detection have been based on the principle that molecular adsorption onto a resonator surface increases the effective mass, and consequently decreases the resonant frequencies of the nanomechanical resonator. However, this principle is insufficient to provide fundamental insights into resonator-based molecular detection at the nanoscale; this is due to recently proposed novel nanoscale detection principles including various effects such as surface effects, nonlinear oscillations, coupled resonance, and stiffness effects. Therefore, our objective in this review is to overview the current attempts to understand the underlying mechanisms in nanoresonator-based detection using physical models coupled to computational simulations and/or experiments. Specifically, we will focus on issues of special relevance to the dynamic behavior of nanoresonators and their applications in biological/chemical detection. We additionally provide extensive discussion regarding potentially fruitful future research directions coupling experiments and simulations in order to develop a fundamental understanding of the basic physical principles that govern NEMS and NEMS-based sensing applications.
M. Meisenheimer, Das Totenritual, geprägt durch Jenseitsvorstellungen und Gesellschaftsrealität. Theorie des Totenrituals eines kupferzeitlichen Friedhofs zu Tiszapolgär-Basatanya (Ungarn).
Creators: name: Petrasch, Jörg
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: M. Meisenheimer, Das Totenritual, geprägt durch Jenseitsvorstellungen und Gesellschaftsrealität. Theorie des Totenrituals eines kupferzeitlichen Friedhofs zu Tiszapolgär-Basatanya (Ungarn). BAR Internat. Series 475. Oxford 1989. ISBN 0-86054-621-8. 171 Seiten mit 10 Tafeln, 40 Karten und 17 Tabellen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 70 Nr. 1 (1992)
Bell inequalities for Continuous-Variable Measurements
Creators: name: He, Q. Y.
name: Cavalcanti, E. G.
name: Reid, M. D.
name: Drummond, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tests of local hidden variable theories using measurements with continuous variable (CV) outcomes are developed, and a comparison of different methods is presented. As examples, we focus on multipartite entangled GHZ and cluster states. We suggest a physical process that produces the states proposed here, and investigate experiments both with and without binning of the continuous variable. In the former case, the Mermin-Klyshko inequalities can be used directly. For unbinned outcomes, the moment-based CFRD inequalities are extended to functional inequalities by considering arbitrary functions of the measurements at each site. By optimising these functions, we obtain more robust violations of local hidden variable theories than with either binning or moments. Recent inequalities based on the algebra of quaternions and octonions are compared with these methods. Since the prime advantage of CV experiments is to provide a route to highly efficient detection via homodyne measurements, we analyse the effect of noise and detection losses in both binned and unbinned cases. The CV moment inequalities with an optimal function have greater robustness to both loss and noise. This could permit a loophole-free test of Bell inequalities.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Index bounds and existence results for minimal surfaces and harmonic maps
Creators: name: Sargent, Pam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: In this work, we focus on three problems. First, we give a relationship between the eigenvalues of the Hodge Laplacian and the eigenvalues of the Jacobi operator for a free boundary minimal hypersurface of a Euclidean convex body. We then use this relationship to obtain new index bounds for such minimal hypersurfaces in terms of their topology. In particular, we show that the index of a free boundary minimal surface in a convex domain in ℝ³ tends to infinity as its genus or the number of boundary components tends to infinity. Second, we consider the relationship between the kth normalized eigenvalue of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map (the kth Steklov eigenvalue) and the geometry of rotationally symmetric Möbius bands. More specifically, we look at the problem of finding a metric that maximizes the kth Steklov eigenvalue among all rotationally symmetric metrics on the Möbius band. We show that such a metric can always be found and that it is realized by the induced metric on a free boundary minimal Möbius band in B⁴. Third, we consider the existence problem for harmonic maps into CAT(1) spaces. If Σ is a compact Riemann surface, X is a compact locally CAT(1) space and φ : Σ → X is a continuous finite energy map, we use the technique of harmonic replacement to prove that either there exists a harmonic map u : Σ → X homotopic to φ or there exists a conformal harmonic map v : S² → X. To complete the argument, we prove compactness for energy minimizers and a removable singularity theorem for conformal harmonic maps.
Thermohaline Mixing: Does It Really Govern the Atmospheric Chemical Composition of Low-Mass Red Giants?
Creators: name: Denissenkov, Pavel A.
name: Merryfield, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First results of our 3D numerical simulations of thermohaline convection driven by 3He burning in a low-mass RGB star at the bump luminosity are presented. They confirm our previous conclusion that this convection has a mixing rate which is a factor of 50 lower than the observationally constrained rate of RGB extra-mixing. It is also shown that the large-scale instabilities of salt-fingering mean field (those of the Boussinesq and advection-diffusion equations averaged over length and time scales of many salt fingers), which have been observed to increase the rate of oceanic thermohaline mixing up to one order of magnitude, do not enhance the RGB thermohaline mixing. We speculate on possible alternative solutions of the problem of RGB extra-mixing, among which the most promising one that is related to thermohaline mixing is going to take advantage of the shifting of salt-finger spectrum towards larger diameters by toroidal magnetic field.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ Letters
Mechanical Characterization of Amyloid Fibrils Using Coarse-Grained Normal Mode Analysis
Creators: name: Yoon, Gwonchan
name: Kwak, Jinhak
name: Kim, Jae In
name: Na, Sungsoo
name: Eom, Kilho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental studies have shown that amyloid fibril formed by aggregation of β peptide exhibits excellent mechanical properties comparable to other protein materials such as actin filaments and microtubules. These excellent mechanical properties of amyloid fibrils are related to their functional role in disease expression. This indicates the necessity to understand how an amyloid fibril achieves the remarkable mechanical properties through self-aggregation with structural hierarchy, highlighting the structure-property-function relationship for amyloids, whereas such relationship still remains elusive. In this work, we have studied the mechanical properties of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) with respect to its structural hierarchies and structural shapes by coarse-grained normal mode analysis. Our simulation shows that hIAPP fibril can achieve the excellent bending rigidity via specific aggregation pattern such as antiparallel stacking of β peptides. Moreover, we have found the length-dependent mechanical properties of amyloids. This length-dependent property has been elucidated from Timoshenko beam model that takes into account the shear effect on the bending of amyloids. In summary, our study sheds light on the importance of not only the molecular architecture, which encodes the mechanical properties of the fibril, but also the shear effect on the mechanical (bending) behavior of the fibril.
Direct Spectroscopic Identification of the Origin of 'Green Fuzzy' Emission in Star Forming Regions
Creators: name: De Buizer, James M.
name: Vacca, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Green fuzzies" or "extended green objects" were discovered in the recent Spitzer GLIMPSE survey data. These extended sources have enhanced emission in the 4.5um IRAC channel images (which are generally assigned to be green when making 3-color RGB images from Spitzer data). Green fuzzies are frequently found in the vicinities of massive young stellar objects, and it has been established that they are in some cases associated with outflows. Nevertheless, the spectral carrier(s) of this enhanced emission is still uncertain. Although it has been suggested that Br Alpha, H2, [Fe II], and/or broad CO emission may be contributing to and enhancing the 4.5um flux from these objects, to date there have been no direct observations of the 4-5um spectra of these objects. We report here on the first direct spectroscopic identification of the origin of the green fuzzy emission. We obtained spatially resolved L and M band spectra for two green fuzzy sources using NIRI on the Gemini North telescope. In the case of one source, G19.88-0.53, we detect three individual knots of green fuzzy emission around the source. The knots exhibit a pure molecular hydrogen line emission spectrum, with the 4.695um v=0-0 S(9) line dominating the emission in the 4-5um wavelength range, and no detected continuum component. Our data for G19.88-0.53 prove that green fuzzy emission can be due primarily to emission lines of molecular hydrogen within the bandpass of the IRAC 4.5um channel. However, the other target observed, G49.27-0.34, does not exhibit any line emission and appears to be an embedded massive young stellar object with a cometary UC HII region. We suggest that the effects of extinction in the 3-8um wavelength range and an exaggeration in the color stretch of the 4.5um filter in IRAC RGB images could lead to embedded sources such as this one falsely appearing "green".
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication by AJ
Building and Destroying Symmetry in 1-D Elastic Systems
Creators: name: Flores, J.
name: Monsivais, G.
name: Mora, P.
name: Morales, A.
name: Méndez-Sánchez, R. A.
name: Díaz-de-Anda, A.
name: Gutiérrez, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Locally periodic rods, which show approximate invariance with respect to translations, are constructed by joining $N$ unit cells. The spectrum then shows a band spectrum. We then break the local periodicity by including one or more defects in the system. When the defects follow a certain definite prescription, an analog of the Wannier-Stark ladders is gotten; when the defects are random, an elastic rod showing Anderson localization is obtained. In all cases experimental values match the theoretical predictions.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, Accepted in Proceedings of "Symmetries in Nature", Symposium in Memoriam Marcos Moshinsky
Light Higgs Boson, Light Dark Matter and Gamma Rays
Creators: name: Barger, Vernon
name: Gao, Y.
name: McCaskey, Mathew
name: Shaughnessy, Gabe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A light Higgs boson is preferred by $M_W$ and $m_t$ measurements. A complex scalar singlet addition to the Standard Model allows a better fit to these measurements through a new light singlet dominated state. It then predicts a light Dark Matter (DM) particle that can explain the signals of DM scattering from nuclei in the CoGeNT and DAMA/LIBRA experiments. Annihilations of this DM in the galactic halo, $AA\rightarrow b\bar{b}, c\bar{c}, τ^+τ^-$, lead to gamma rays that naturally improve a fit to the Fermi Large Area Telescope data in the central galactic regions. The associated light neutral Higgs boson may also be discovered at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Inclusive production of π^0 in pp collisions at 0.9 and 7 TeV and perspectives for heavy-ion measurements with the ALICE calorimeters
Creators: name: Kharlov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusive spectrum of π^0 production has been measured in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 900 GeV and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment. The preliminary results of these measurements are presented, and perspectives for π^0 measurements with heavy ions are discussed.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the 6-th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark-Gluon Plasma, 6-10 December 2010, Goa, India. 4 pages, 3 figures
Humani generis :Encyclical letter of Pope Pius XII : concering some false opinions which threaten to undermine the foundations of Catholic doctrine : Issued August 12, 1950.
Creators: name: Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII) Humani Generis. (12 Aug. 1950) English.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Cover title.
 Issued August 12, 1950.
 Outlines prepared by Rev. Joseph C. Fenton: (pages 20-23).
Turbulence in Global Simulations of Magnetized Thin Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Beckwith, Kris
name: Armitage, Philip J.
name: Simon, Jacob B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a global magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a geometrically thin accretion disk to investigate the locality and detailed structure of turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI). The model disk has an aspect ratio $H / R \simeq 0.07$, and is computed using a higher-order Godunov MHD scheme with accurate fluxes. We focus the analysis on late times after the system has lost direct memory of its initial magnetic flux state. The disk enters a saturated turbulent state in which the fastest growing modes of the MRI are well-resolved, with a relatively high efficiency of angular momentum transport $< < α> > \approx 2.5 \times 10^{-2}$. The accretion stress peaks at the disk midplane, above and below which exists a moderately magnetized corona with patches of superthermal field. By analyzing the spatial and temporal correlations of the turbulent fields, we find that the spatial structure of the magnetic and kinetic energy is moderately well-localized (with correlation lengths along the major axis of $2.5H$ and $1.5H$ respectively), and generally consistent with that expected from homogenous incompressible turbulence. The density field, conversely, exhibits both a longer correlation length and a long correlation time, results which we ascribe to the importance of spiral density waves within the flow. Consistent with prior results, we show that the mean local stress displays a well-defined correlation with the local vertical flux, and that this relation is apparently causal (in the sense of the flux stimulating the stress) during portions of a global dynamo cycle. We argue that the observed flux-stress relation supports dynamo models in which the structure of coronal magnetic fields plays a central role in determining the dynamics of thin-disk accretion.
description: 24 pages and 25 figures. MNRAS in press. Version with high resolution figures available from http://jila.colorado.edu/~krb3u/Thin_Disk/thin_disk_turbulence.pdf
Recession flow prediction in gauged and ungauged basins by just considering past discharge information
Creators: name: Chillara Reddyvaraprasad
name: Swagat Patnaik
name: Basudev Biswal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two contrasting methods have been proposed recently to predict the recession flow coefficient using past discharge information only. This study proposes a new method that attempts to obtain past discharge information that is minimally influenced by non-subsurface storage-controlled flows. The existing and new methods were tested using data from 324 US Geological Survey basins, and the new method was found to be superior to both existing methods in 265 basins. Furthermore, this study for the first time used past discharge-derived coefficients to predict recession discharge. The model performance was found to be satisfactory (NSE > 0.5) in 244 basins. Our results also show that the new framework may be useful in certain regions for predicting recession discharge in totally ungauged basins using past discharge information from nearby gauged basins. Overall, this study advances the idea that recession discharge can be predicted by just using past discharge data.
A Comparative Study of the Valence Electronic Excitations of N_2 by Inelastic X-ray and Electron Scattering
Creators: name: Bradley, J. A.
name: Seidler, G. T.
name: Cooper, G.
name: Vos, M.
name: Hitchcock, A. P.
name: Sorini, A. P.
name: Schlimmer, C.
name: Nagle, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bound state, valence electronic excitation spectra of N_2 are probed by nonresonant inelastic x-ray and electron scattering. Within the usual theoretical treatments, dynamical structure factors derived from the two probes should be identical. However, we find strong disagreements outside the dipole scattering limit, even at high probe energies. This suggests an unexpectedly important contribution from intra-molecular multiple scattering of the probe electron from core electrons or the nucleus. These effects should grow progressively stronger as the atomic number of the target species increases.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Letters April 27, 2010. 12 pages including 2 figure pages.
Disconnected contributions to hadronic structure
Creators: name: Collins, Sara
name: Bali, Gunnar
name: Nobile, Andrea
name: Schafer, Andreas
name: Nakamura, Yoshifumi
name: Zanotti, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update of an on-going project to determine the disconnected contributions to hadronic structure, specifically, the scalar matrix element and the quark contribution to the spin of the nucleon.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, talk given at 28th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2010), Villasimius, Italy, 14-19 June 2010
Neurophysiological characteristics of apathy in Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Zhu, Maria Jianrong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Apathy in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often resistant to therapy, difficult to quantify and poorly understood. It is commonly characterized by a lack of motivation and emotional blunting. Neural responses recorded using electroencephalography (EEG), such as neural oscillations and event-related potentials (ERPs), are often associated with motivated behaviour and emotion processing, but few studies have examined how these characteristics are affected in apathetic PD patients. To examine the behavioural and neural oscillatory characteristics of motivated movement in apathetic PD patients, we used an incentivized motor task, in which subjects could win money based on the amount of effort they produced on a hand grip. We demonstrated that PD patients with lower apathy scores could modulate their effort production to increasing rewards, whereas patients with more severe apathy could not. EEG results showed that apathetic PD patients exhibited a higher resting power in the alpha and theta frequency bands compared to non-apathetic PD subjects and healthy subjects. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between absolute resting alpha power and relative alpha power during squeezing. These two factors were able to predict patient apathy scores, irrespective of age or disease severity. The same was true for absolute resting theta power and relative theta power during squeezing. To explore emotion processing in PD, we investigated ERPs from EEG recordings as subjects viewed emotionally evocative visual stimuli. We employed a data-driven approach to separate unique ERP time courses from one another called multiset canonical correlation analysis (MCCA). Results showed that the late positive potential (LPP), an ERP that responds to emotional stimuli, had a blunted amplitude in response to negative visual stimuli compared to healthy subjects. Interestingly, there was also a greater centro-parietal topographical representation of the LPP in PD subjects compared to healthy subjects, suggesting the presence of potential compensatory mechanisms for blunted neural reactivity to emotional stimuli in PD patients. This work lays the foundation for further understanding apathy and provides a quantitative test to measure apathy in people living with Parkinson’s.
Six High-Precision Transits of OGLE-TR-113b
Creators: name: Adams, E. R.
name: Lopez-Morales, M.
name: Elliot, J. L.
name: Seager, S.
name: Osip, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present six new transits of the hot Jupiter OGLE-TR-113b observed with MagIC on the Magellan Telescopes between January 2007 and May 2009. We update the system parameters and revise the planetary radius to R_p=1.084 pm 0.029 R_J, where the error is dominated by stellar radius uncertainties. The new transit midtimes reveal no transit timing variations from a constant ephemeris of greater than 13 pm 28 seconds over two years, placing an upper limit of 1-2 M_Earth on the mass of any perturber in a 1:2 or 2:1 mean-motion resonance with OGLE-TR-113b. Combining the new transit epochs with five epochs published between 2002 and 2006, we find hints that the orbital period of the planet may not be constant, with the best fit indicating a decrease of dP/dt=-60 pm 15 milliseconds per year. If real, this change in period could result from either a long-period (more than 8 years) timing variation due to a massive external perturber, or more intriguingly from the orbital decay of the planet. The detection of a changing period is still tentative and requires additional observations, but if confirmed it would enable direct tests of tidal stability and dynamical models of close-in planets.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; accepted by ApJ
Hydrological impacts of climate change on rice cultivated riparian wetlands in the Upper Meghna River Basin (Bangladesh and India)
Creators: name: Rahman, Mohammed M.
name: Thompson, Julian R.
name: Flower, Roger J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Riparian depressional wetlands (haors) in the Upper Meghna River Basin of Bangladesh are invaluable agricultural resources. They are completely flooded between June and November and planted with Boro rice when floodwater recedes in December. However, early harvest period (April/May) floods frequently damage ripening rice. A calibrated/validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool for riparian wetland (SWATrw) model is perturbed with bias free (using an improved quantile mapping approach) climate projections from 17 general circulation models (GCMs) for the period 2031–2050. Projected mean annual rainfall increases (200–500 mm or 7–10%). However, during the harvest period lower rainfall (21–75%) and higher evapotranspiration (1–8%) reduces river discharge (5–18%) and wetland inundation (inundation fraction declines of 0.005–0.14). Flooding risk for Boro rice consequently declines (rationalized flood risk reductions of 0.02–0.12). However, the loss of cultivable land (15.3%) to increases in permanent haor inundation represents a major threat to regional food security.
Demand Models With Random Partitions
Creators: name: Smith, Adam N.
name: Allenby, Greg M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Many economic models of consumer demand require researchers to partition sets of products or attributes prior to the analysis. These models are common in applied problems when the product space is large or spans multiple categories. While the partition is traditionally fixed a priori, we let the partition be a model parameter and propose a Bayesian method for inference. The challenge is that demand systems are commonly multivariate models that are not conditionally conjugate with respect to partition indices, precluding the use of Gibbs sampling. We solve this problem by constructing a new location-scale partition distribution that can generate random-walk Metropolis–Hastings proposals and also serve as a prior. Our method is illustrated in the context of a store-level category demand model, where we find that allowing for partition uncertainty is important for preserving model flexibility, improving demand forecasts, and learning about the structure of demand. Supplementary materials for this article, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work, are available as an online supplement.
The use of vernacular at Mass. Bishops' Commission on the Liturgical Apostolate.
Creators: name: National Catholic Welfare Conference. Bishops' Commission On The Liturgical Apostolate.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Cover title.
 Understanding liturgical texts in the vernacular -- Reading and praying in the vernacular -- Extent of liturgical use of English -- Directives concerning the use of the vernacular at Mass -- Positions of the faithful at Holy Mass -- Positions of the faithful at Low Mass: Liturgy of the Word, Liturgy of the Eucharist.
Angular Momentum and Gravimagnetization of the ${\cal N}=2$ SYM vacuum
Creators: name: Gorsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we discuss the gravimagnetization of the ${\cal N}=2$ SYM vacuum in the $Ω$-background. It is argued that the Seiberg-Witten prepotential is related to the vacuum density of the angular momentum in the Euclidean $R^4$ space. The possible role of the dyonic instantons as the microscopic angular momentum carriers which could yield the spontaneous vacuum gravimagnetization is conjectured. We interpret the dyonic instanton as a kind of the Euclidean bounce in $R^4$ similar to one responsible for the Schwinger pair creation. The induced angular momentum in $R^4$ is also briefly considered in the dual Liouville formulation of $SU(2)$ theory via AGT relation.
description: 20 pages
Sensitivity Analysis for Unmeasured Confounding in Meta-Analyses
Creators: name: Mathur, Maya B.
name: VanderWeele, Tyler J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Random-effects meta-analyses of observational studies can produce biased estimates if the synthesized studies are subject to unmeasured confounding. We propose sensitivity analyses quantifying the extent to which unmeasured confounding of specified magnitude could reduce to below a certain threshold the proportion of true effect sizes that are scientifically meaningful. We also develop converse methods to estimate the strength of confounding capable of reducing the proportion of scientifically meaningful true effects to below a chosen threshold. These methods apply when a “bias factor” is assumed to be normally distributed across studies or is assessed across a range of fixed values. Our estimators are derived using recently proposed sharp bounds on confounding bias within a single study that do not make assumptions regarding the unmeasured confounders themselves or the functional form of their relationships with the exposure and outcome of interest. We provide an R package, EValue, and a free website that compute point estimates and inference and produce plots for conducting such sensitivity analyses. These methods facilitate principled use of random-effects meta-analyses of observational studies to assess the strength of causal evidence for a hypothesis. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Finite Size Effect on Nanomechanical Mass Detection: Role of Surface Elasticity
Creators: name: Dai, Mai Duc
name: Kim, Chang-Wan
name: Eom, Kilho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanomechanical resonators have recently been highlighted because of their remarkable ability to perform the sensing and detection. Since the nanomechanical resonators are characterized by large surface-to-volume ratio, it is implied that the surface effect plays a substantial role on not only the resonance but also the sensing performance of nanomechanical resonators. In this work, we have studied the role of surface effect on the detection sensitivity of a nanoresonator that undergoes either harmonic vibration or nonlinear oscillation based on the continuum elastic model such as beam model. It is shown that surface effect makes an impact on both harmonic resonance and nonlinear oscillations, and that the sensing performance is dependent on the surface effect. Moreover, we have also investigated the surface effect on the mechanical tuning of resonance and sensing performance. It is interestingly found that the mechanical tuning of resonance is independent of surface effect, and that the mechanical tuning of sensing performance is determined by surface effect. Our study sheds light on the importance of surface effect on the sensing performance of nanoresonators.
The Backreaction of Anti-M2 Branes on a Warped Stenzel Space
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Giecold, Gregory
name: Halmagyi, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the superpotential governing the supersymmetric warped M-theory solution with a transverse Stenzel space found by Cvetic, Gibbons, Lu and Pope in hep-th/0012011, and use this superpotential to extract and solve the twelve coupled equations underlying the first-order backreacted solution of a stack of anti-M2 branes in this space. These anti-M2 branes were analyzed recently in a probe approximation by Klebanov and Pufu, who conjectured that they should be dual to a metastable vacuum of a supersymmetric 2+1 dimensional theory. We find that the would-be supergravity dual to such a metastable vacuum must have an infrared singularity and discuss whether this singularity is acceptable or not. Given that a similar singularity appears when placing anti-D3 branes in the Klebanov-Strassler solution, our work strengthens the possibility that anti-branes in warped throats do not give rise to metastable vacua.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX
Theology and Form: Contemporary Orthodox Architecture in America
Creators: name: Denysenko, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: How do space and architecture shape liturgical celebrations within a parish? In _Theology and Form: Contemporary Orthodox Architecture in America_, Nicholas Denysenko profiles seven contemporary Eastern Orthodox communities in the United States and analyzes how their ecclesiastical identities are affected by their physical space and architecture. He begins with an overview of the Orthodox architectural heritage and its relation to liturgy and ecclesiology, including topics such as stational liturgy, mobility of the assembly, the symbiosis between celebrants and assembly, placement of musicians, and festal processions representative of the Orthodox liturgy. Chapters 2-7 present comparative case studies of seven Orthodox parishes. Some of these have purchased their property and built new edifices; Denysenko analyzes how contemporary architecture makes use of sacred space and engages visitors. Others are mission parishes that purchased existing properties and buildings, posing challenges for and limitations of their liturgical practices. The book concludes with a reflection on how these parish examples might contribute to the future trajectory of Orthodox architecture in America and its dialogical relationship with liturgy and ecclesial identity.
Ball Covariance: A Generic Measure of Dependence in Banach Space
Creators: name: Pan, Wenliang
name: Wang, Xueqin
name: Zhang, Heping
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Zhu, Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Technological advances in science and engineering have led to the routine collection of large and complex data objects, where the dependence structure among those objects is often of great interest. Those complex objects (e.g., different brain subcortical structures) often reside in some Banach spaces, and hence their relationship cannot be well characterized by most of the existing measures of dependence such as correlation coefficients developed in Hilbert spaces. To overcome the limitations of the existing measures, we propose Ball Covariance as a generic measure of dependence between two random objects in two possibly different Banach spaces. Our Ball Covariance possesses the following attractive properties: (i) It is nonparametric and model-free, which make the proposed measure robust to model mis-specification; (ii) It is nonnegative and equal to zero if and only if two random objects in two separable Banach spaces are independent; (iii) Empirical Ball Covariance is easy to compute and can be used as a test statistic of independence. We present both theoretical and numerical results to reveal the potential power of the Ball Covariance in detecting dependence. Also importantly, we analyze two real datasets to demonstrate the usefulness of Ball Covariance in the complex dependence detection. Supplementary materials for this article are avaiable online.
Costs and benefits of changing sampling methods in long-term monitoring of marine protected areas
Creators: name: Fujii, Iwao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: To confirm their effectiveness, long-term monitoring of marine protected areas (MPAs) is critical. Such longitudinal sampling can, however, pose problems of methodology, particularly as more preferred tools may evolve over time. My research sought to understand how two commonly used methods, line intercept transect (LIT) and photoquadrat (PQ), which were used sequentially in MPA monitoring, estimated percent coral cover in a series of MPAs in the central Philippines. It can be difficult to reconcile data from LIT and PQ because their different parameters and sample sizes can generate contradicting results. I specifically addressed the issues of (i) small sample sizes of LIT data because of a challenge in maintaining fixed transects and (ii) possible spatial autocorrelation of PQ data owing to a decision to place transects close together. The data also faced other problems, including numerous missing data points and inconsistent data labeling. Analyzing three years of data when both LIT and PQ were applied, I found that LIT estimated higher mean percent coral cover than PQ. However, subsampling LIT data – and thus increasing sample sizes – improved comparison of estimates by these two methods. This finding demonstrated that PQ data, with larger sample sizes from wider spatial ranges, detected significant temporal patterns of coral cover whereas LIT data did not. This result confirmed that more observations and a wider spatial extent of sampling increase the power to detect statistical significance. I also found that PQ data did not exhibit significant spatial autocorrelation, eliminating one of concerns in analyses. Two other aspects of monitoring also stand out in their importance for better assessment of coral cover. The first is the need for frequent communication between field biologists and researchers / analysts to assure the proper execution of sampling procedures and reporting of any changes to field methods. The second is the vital need to minimize errors by ensuring the accuracy of data encoding and use of standardized labeling systems over time. The quality of the data determines the accuracy of coral cover estimates, especially when different methods are used in MPA monitoring.
NGC 4102: High Resolution Infrared Observations of a Nuclear Starburst Ring
Creators: name: Beck, Sara C.
name: Lacy, John H.
name: Turner, Jean L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composite galaxy NGC 4102 hosts a LINER nucleus and a starburst. We mapped NGC 4102 in the 12.8 micron line of [NeII], using the echelon spectrometer TEXES on the NASA IRTF, to obtain a data cube with 1.5" spatial and 25 km/s spectral, resolution. Combining near-infrared, radio, and the [NeII] data shows that the extinction to the starburst is substantial, more than 2 magnitudes at K band, and that the neon abundance is less than half solar. We find that the star formation in the nuclear region is confined to a rotating ring or disk of 4.3" (~300 pc) diameter, inside the Inner Lindblad Resonance. This region is an intense concentration of mass, with a dynamical mass of ~3 x 10^9 solar masses, and of star formation. The young stars in the ring produce the [NeII] flux reported by Spitzer for the entire galaxy. The mysterious blue component of line emission detected in the near-infrared is also seen in [NeII]; it is not a normal AGN outflow.
description: submitted to ApJ
Arboricity, h-Index, and Dynamic Algorithms
Creators: name: Lin, Min Chih
name: Soulignac, Francisco J.
name: Szwarcfiter, Jayme L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present a modification of a technique by Chiba and Nishizeki [Chiba and Nishizeki: Arboricity and Subgraph Listing Algorithms, SIAM J. Comput. 14(1), pp. 210--223 (1985)]. Based on it, we design a data structure suitable for dynamic graph algorithms. We employ the data structure to formulate new algorithms for several problems, including counting subgraphs of four vertices, recognition of diamond-free graphs, cop-win graphs and strongly chordal graphs, among others. We improve the time complexity for graphs with low arboricity or h-index.
description: 19 pages, no figures
Ab initio prediction of magnetically dead layers in freestanding $γ$-Ce(111)
Creators: name: Asadabadi, S. Jalali
name: Kheradmand, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the surface of nonmagnetic $α$-Ce is magnetically ordered, i.e., $γ$-like. One then might conjecture, in agreement with previous theoretical predictions, that the $γ$-Ce may also exhibit at its surfaces even more strongly enhanced $γ$-like magnetic ordering. Nonetheless, our result shows that the (111)-surfaces of magnetic $γ$-Ce are neither spin nor orbitally polarized, i.e., $α$-like. Therefore, we predict, in contrast to the nonmagnetic $α$-phase which tends to produce magnetically ordered $γ$-like thin layers at its free surfaces, the magnetic $γ$-phase has a tendency to form $α$-like dead layers. This study, which explains the suppressed (promoted) surface magnetic moments of $γ$-Ce ($α$-Ce), shows that how nanoscale can reverse physical properties by going from bulk to the surface in isostructural $α$- and $γ$-phases of cerium. We predict using our freestanding surface results that a typical unreactive and non-diffusive substrate can dramatically influence the magnetic surface of cerium thin films in contrast to most of the uncorrelated thin films and strongly correlated transition metals. Our result implies that magnetic surface moments of $α$-Ce(111) can be suddenly disappeared by increasing lattice mismatch at the interface of a typical unreactive and non-diffusive substrate with cerium overlayers.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Nonlinear dynamo action in a precessing cylindrical container
Creators: name: Nore, C.
name: Léorat, J.
name: Guermond, J. -L.
name: Luddens, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is numerically demonstrated by means of a magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code that precession can trigger the dynamo effect in a cylindrical container. This result adds credit to the hypothesis that precession can be strong enough to be one of the sources of the dynamo action in some astrophysical bodies.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures including subfigures
Debiased Inference on Treatment Effect in a High-Dimensional Model
Creators: name: Wang, Jingshen
name: He, Xuming
name: Xu, Gongjun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This article concerns the potential bias in statistical inference on treatment effects when a large number of covariates are present in a linear or partially linear model. While the estimation bias in an under-fitted model is well understood, we address a lesser-known bias that arises from an over-fitted model. The over-fitting bias can be eliminated through data splitting at the cost of statistical efficiency, and we show that smoothing over random data splits can be pursued to mitigate the efficiency loss. We also discuss some of the existing methods for debiased inference and provide insights into their intrinsic bias-variance trade-off, which leads to an improvement in bias controls. Under appropriate conditions, we show that the proposed estimators for the treatment effects are asymptotically normal and their variances can be well estimated. We discuss the pros and cons of various methods both theoretically and empirically, and show that the proposed methods are valuable options in post-selection inference. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Cyanoacetylene in IC 342: An Evolving Dense Gas Component with Starburst Age
Creators: name: Meier, David S.
name: Turner, Jean L.
name: Schinnerer, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first images of the J=5-4 and J=16-15 lines of the dense gas tracer, cyanoacetylene, HC_3N, in an external galaxy. The central 200 pc of the nearby star-forming spiral galaxy, IC 342, was mapped using the VLA and the Plateau de Bure Interferometer. HC_3N(5-4) line emission is found across the nuclear mini-spiral, but is very weak towards the starburst site, the location of the strongest mid-IR and radio emission. The J=16-15 and 10-9 lines are also faint near the large HII region complex, but are brighter relative to the 5-4 line, consistent with higher excitation. The brightest HC_3N emission is located in the northern arm of the nuclear minispiral, 100 pc away from the radio/IR source to the southwest of the nucleus. This location appears less affected by ultraviolet radiation, and may represent a more embedded, earlier stage of star formation. HC_3N excitation temperatures are consistent with those determined from C^{18}O; the gas is dense, 10^{4-5}/cc, and cool, T_K ~< 40 K. So as to not violate limits on the total H_2 mass determined from C^{18}O, at least two dense components are required to model IC 342's giant molecular clouds. These observations suggest that HC_3N(5-4) is an excellent probe of the dense, quiescent gas in galaxies. The high excitation combined with faint emission towards the dense molecular gas at the starburst indicates that it currently lacks large masses of very dense gas. We propose a scenario where the starburst is being caught in the act of dispersing or destroying its dense gas in the presence of the large HII region. This explains the high star formation efficiency seen in the dense component. The little remaining dense gas appears to be in pressure equilibrium with the starburst HII region.
description: Accepted, AJ. 12 pages, 5 figures