cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving estimates for discrete polynomial averages
Creators: name: Han, Rui
name: Kovač, Vjekoslav
name: Lacey, Michael
name: Madrid, José
name: Yang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a polynomial $P$ mapping the integers into the integers, define an averaging operator $A_{N} f(x):=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{k=1}^N f(x+P(k))$ acting on functions on the integers. We prove sufficient conditions for the $\ell^{p}$-improving inequality \begin{equation*} \|A_N f\|_{\ell^q(\mathbb{Z})} \lesssim_{P,p,q} N^{-d(\frac{1}{p}-\frac{1}{q})} \|f\|_{\ell^p(\mathbb{Z})}, \qquad N \in\mathbb{N}, \end{equation*} where $1\leq p \leq q \leq \infty$. For a range of quadratic polynomials, the inequalities established are sharp, up to the boundary of the allowed pairs of $(p,q)$. For degree three and higher, the inequalities are close to being sharp. In the quadratic case, we appeal to discrete fractional integrals as studied by Stein and Wainger. In the higher degree case, we appeal to the Vinogradov Mean Value Theorem, recently established by Bourgain, Demeter, and Guth.
description: 10 pages. This version combines arXiv:1910.12448 by J. Madrid with arXiv:1910.14630v1 by the remaining four authors. To appear in JFAA
Exploring the Importance of PREX Proteins in Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Signalling
Creators: name: Tsonou, Elpida
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: PREX
GEF
Glucose metabolism
Insulin signalling

description: PREX protein family (PREX1 and PREX2) guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) activate the small G protein Rac. They are important in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including inflammation, neuronal plasticity, cancer progression and metastasis, with an exciting new role in metabolic processes currently emerging. PREX1 was shown to regulate the thermogenic capacity and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes, whereas PREX2 was reported to mediate glucose tolerance, possibly through its adaptor function as an inhibitor of the tumour suppressor PTEN. The aims of this project were to explore the importance of PREX proteins in glucose homeostasis and insulin signalling, and to assess the significance of PREX Rac-GEF activity in these processes. Western blotting showed that both Prex proteins are expressed in brain, liver and brown adipose tissue, whereas Prex1 is also expressed white adipose tissue. Prex1 deficient mice had small livers, with reduced glycogen storage, eosinophilia in brown adipose tissue and reduced fasting plasma levels of adiponectin. Surprisingly, Prex1 deficiency lowered fasting blood glucose levels and protected mice from age-related glucose intolerance, in a diet- and sex-dependent manner. Bone marrow transplantation revealed that hematopoietic Prex1 deficiency was sufficient for the improved glucose tolerance. In contrast, Prex2 deficiency only affected glucose homeostasis in mice on high-fat diet, causing glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in old age. The phenotype of Prex1/Prex2 double-deficient mice suggested limited sex- and diet-dependent redundancy between both Prex proteins, as well as compensation by other regulators of glucose homeostasis. Overexpression of wild type or catalytically-inactive PREX1 and PREX2 in HepG2 cells caused increased insulin-stimulated Akt activity, suggesting that both PREX proteins can mediate insulin signalling at least in part through adaptor functions. Therefore, catalytically-inactive Prex1 and Prex2 mouse strains were generated and the metabolic phenotype of the catalytically-inactive Prex2 strain was assessed. In contrast to the Prex2 KO mice, catalytically-inactive Prex2 mice had reduced fasting blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance, both on chow and high fat diet. Taken together, these finding indicate that Prex1 and Prex2 have unexpected, important and divergent physiological roles in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, and that some of these roles are through adaptor functions. My work suggests that the development of therapeutics to target PREX activity may be a new avenue for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
Supplementary Materials. from Temporal stability of chimpanzee social culture
Creators: name: Van Leeuwen, Edwin J. C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary methods and results.
Star Formation in the ISO Atlas of Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Bendo, George J.
name: Joseph, Robert D.
name: Wells, Martyn
name: Gallais, Pascal
name: Haas, Martin
name: Heras, Ana M.
name: Klaas, Ulrich
name: Laureijs, Rene J.
name: Leech, Kieron
name: Lemke, Dietrich
name: Metcalfe, Leo
name: Rowan-Robinson, Michael
name: Schulz, Bernhard
name: Telesco, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate star formation along the Hubble sequence using the ISO Atlas of Spiral Galaxies. Using mid-infrared and far-infrared flux densities normalized by K-band flux densities as indicators of recent star formation, we find several trends. First, star formation activity is stronger in late-type (Sc - Scd) spirals than in early-type (Sa - Sab) spirals. This trend is seen both in nuclear and disk activity. These results confirm several previous optical studies of star formation along the Hubble sequence but conflict with the conclusions of most of the previous studies using IRAS data, and we discuss why this might be so. Second, star formation is significantly more extended in later-type spirals than in early-type spirals. We suggest that these trends in star formation are a result of differences in the gas content and its distribution along the Hubble sequence, and it is these differences that promote star formation in late-type spiral galaxies. We also search for trends in nuclear star formation related to the presence of a bar or nuclear activity. The nuclear star formation activity is not significantly different between barred and unbarred galaxies. We do find that star formation activity appears to be inhibited in LINERs and transition objects compared to HII galaxies. The mean star formation rate in the sample is 1.4 Msun/yr based on global far-infrared fluxes. Combining these data with CO data gives a mean gas consumption time of 6.4 x 10^8 yr, which is ~5 times lower than the values found in other studies. Finally, we find excellent support for the Schmidt Law in the correlation between molecular gas masses and recent star formation in this sample of spiral galaxies.
description: Accepted by The Astronomical Journal, 20 pages, 14 figures
Should We Ban Unconventional Oil Extraction to Reduce Global Warming?
Creators: name: Carrara, Samuel
name: Massetti, Emanuele
name: Carrara, Samuel
name: Massetti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Unconventional Oil
subject: Climate Mitigation
subject: Energy Policy
subject: European Union

description: The extraction and processing of unconventional oil is more energy intensive and has larger negative environmental impacts than the extraction of conventional oil. The European Union (EU) estimates that oil sands lead to 22% more emissions than conventional oil. The EU is very concerned by the potential climate and environmental impacts and has considered introducing a tax on imported unconventional oil in order to discourage its production. This study shows that a global ban on the use of unconventional oil substantially reduces global carbon dioxide emissions, but the policy is not efficient. A unilateral ban of the EU on unconventional oil has no climate benefits and it is expensive for Europe.
A Random-Line-Graph Approach to Overlapping Line Segments
Creators: name: Böttcher, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study graphs that are formed by independently-positioned needles (i.e., line segments) in the unit square. To mathematically characterize the graph structure, we derive the probability that two line segments intersect and determine related quantities such as the distribution of intersections, given a certain number of line segments $N$. We interpret intersections between line segments as nodes and connections between them as edges in a spatial network that we refer to as random-line graph (RLG). Using methods from the study of random-geometric graphs, we show that the probability of RLGs to be connected undergoes a sharp transition if the number of lines exceeds a threshold $N^*$.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Clinical Applications of Neuromonitoring Following Acute Brain Injury
Creators: name: Calviello, Leanne Alexis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: traumatic brain injury
cerebral autoregulation
neurocritical care
transcranial Doppler ultrasound
neurosurgery
neuromonitoring
intracranial pressure
cerebral hemodynamics

description: Various invasive and non-invasive cranial monitoring techniques can be applied clinically to describe the extent to which cerebral hemodynamics and subsequently, patient outcome, have been impacted following acute brain injury (ABI). This Ph.D. thesis examines both prospective and retrospective patient data in both neurocritical and general intensive care patients. Thirty neurotrauma patients and forty general intensive care patients with neurological complications were prospectively monitored after ABI. Retrospective patient data was harvested from a database of 1,023 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with invasive intracranial pressure (ICP), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) recordings. Data analysis focused on ICP microsensor accuracy, compensatory reserve, the pulsatility of brain signals (ICP and TCD), and cerebral arterial blood volume (CaBV) based on TCD. The main results are summarized below: I. Intracranial hypertension has a profound negative influence on cerebrovascular parameters and patient outcome. II. ICP microsensor accuracy is limited, with an average error of approximately ± 6.0 mm Hg. III. ICP weighted with the compensatory reserve better predicts outcome than mean ICP alone. IV. ICP and TCD pulsatility are functions of mean ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). V. Continuous blood flow forward (CFF) and pulsatile blood flow forward (PFF) models can approximate CaBV with derived TCD signals; CFF best models TCD pulsatility. VI. The pressure reactivity index (PRx) and the pulse amplitude index (PAx) can be estimated non-invasively using slow waves of TCD estimated by CaBV with similar outcome-predictive power. VII. Multi-parametric TCD-based monitoring of general intensive care patients is clinically feasible; the joint estimation of autoregulation, dysautonomia, non-invasive ICP, and critical closing pressure is possible. The culmination of these projects should have an impact on current monitoring practices in ABI patients, emphasizing the continued validation and refinement of TCD methodology in clinical neurosciences.
Risk of bias assessment (Human stem cells for decompensated cirrhosis in adults)
Creators: name: Aung, Htar
name: Naing, Cho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321104
subject: Cancer therapy (excl. chemotherapy and radiation therapy)

description: To evaluate the benefits and harms of human stem cell treatment in adults with decompensated cirrhosis.
MOESM1 of More comprehensively measuring quality of life in life-threatening illness: the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire â Expanded
Creators: name: S. Cohen
name: Russell, Lara
name: Leis, Anne
name: Shahidi, Javad
name: Porterfield, Pat
name: Kuhl, David
name: Gadermann, Anne
name: Sawatzky, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Research ethics committees.
Electron space charge effect on spin injection into semiconductors
Creators: name: Yu, Yue
name: Li, Jinbin
name: Chui, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider spin polarized transport in a ferromagnet-insulator/semiconductor/insulator-ferromagnet (F1-I-S-I-F2) junction. We find that the spin current is strongly dependent on the spin configurations, the doping and space charge distribution in the semiconductor. When the ferromagnet-semiconductor interface resistance is comparable to the semiconductor resistance, the magnetoresistance ratio of this junction can be greatly enhanced under appropriate doping when the space charge effect in the nonequilibrium transport processes is taken into consideration.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. B
Domestic Support of Livestock Production in Ukraine
Creators: name: Dibrova, Anatolii
name: Dibrova, Larysa
name: Krylov, Yaroslav
name: Dibrova, Anatolii
name: Dibrova, Larysa
name: Krylov, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: domestic support
subject: agrarian policy
subject: livestock products
subject: Ukraine

description: Livestock plays an important role in food supplying. However, this industry is today in Ukraine in a difficult situation. A gradual reduction of livestock numbers affected both the output and the changes in the structure and range of livestock production. In recent years, there has been a tendency to a reduction of meat and milk consumption in the Ukraine’s domestic market due to the low purchasing power of individuals, which therefore causes difficulties for the country’s food security. In the structure of livestock production in Ukraine, the dominant place belongs to farms. However, small-scale production is not able to provide high quality products and volumes necessary to meet domestic demand. With significant available resources of Ukraine, the country instead of exporting the livestock products has become an importer. The Ukrainian allocations to supporting the livestock production are quite significant, due to budgetary payments and subsidies or rebates in the value added tax (VAT). However, this does not significantly influence either the output or the performance indicators of improvement in the livestock production. All this testifies to the imperfection of mechanism of state support for the livestock production in Ukraine. The global financial crisis has reduced the financial capacity of the state support for the livestock industry. Therefore, under these conditions, there is an urgent need of an efficient use of budgetary resources and of an improvement of the mechanism of support for the livestock production in Ukraine.
Construction of quantum Dirac observables and the emergence of WKB time
Creators: name: Chataignier, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method of construction of gauge-invariant operators (Dirac observables or ``evolving constants of motion'') from the knowledge of the eigenstates of the gauge generator in time-reparametrization invariant mechanical systems. These invariant operators evolve unitarily with respect to an arbitrarily chosen time variable. We emphasize that the dynamics is relational, both in the classical and quantum theories. In this framework, we show how the ``emergent Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin time'' often employed in quantum cosmology arises from a weak-coupling expansion of invariant transition amplitudes, and we illustrate an example of singularity avoidance in a vacuum Bianchi I (Kasner) model.
description: v2: references updated, minor typos corrected, title slightly changed, conceptual clarifications added, published in Physical Review D
Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Cocoa Livelihoods Program in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Tsiboe, Francis
name: Nalley, Lawton Lanier
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Popp, Jennie S.
name: Luckstead, Jeff
name: Tsiboe, Francis
name: Nalley, Lawton Lanier
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Popp, Jennie S.
name: Luckstead, Jeff
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Cocoa
subject: Cost-Benefit-Analysis
subject: Farmer Training
subject: Cocoa Livelihoods Program
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa

description: Billions of dollars flow into low-income countries each year to help alleviate poverty. Assessing the effectiveness of these dollars is necessary to measure program success and to allocate such funds among competing projects. This study measures the impact of the first phase of the Cocoa Livelihood Program (CLPI), a current World Cocoa Foundation project sponsored by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The project seeks to improve the livelihood of over 200,000 small cocoa producers in Sub-Saharan Africa via training, crop diversification and farmer based organizations. Using data collected from 2,048 pre and post CLPI interviews of cocoa producers in Ghana, Cote d’ivoire, Nigeria and Cameroon, the economic impact of the CLPI program can be estimated. The results show that yield enhancements attributable to CLPI are 36%, 38%, 49% and 24% in Ghana, Côte D’Ivoire, Nigeria and Cameroon, respectively. Using a total program cost of $158-$200 per beneficiary and estimated annual benefits of $86-$152 per beneficiary over 25 years, the benefit- cost ratios were estimated to range from $13 to $22 for every dollar spent on human capital development.
Cerebral vasomotor reactivity in migraine: effect of patent foramen ovale and aerogenic microembolism
Creators: name: Khasiyev, Farid
name: Arsava, Ethem Murat
name: Topcuoglu, Mehmet Akif
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The first data on the effect of presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) with high-volume right-to-left shunt (RLS) on cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVMR) in migraineurs are herein presented. In addition, the immediate effect of air microbubbles on CVMR has been determined. Breath-holding index (BHI) and percent velocity decrease during hyperventilation (HPV) tests were performed before and after agitated saline injections in bilateral middle and posterior cerebral arteries (MCA and PCA) in 38 migraineurs (19 with aura) and 18 control subjects. Presence of PFO correlated with a significant decrease of MCA BHI (1.43 ± 0.39 vs 1.04 ± 0.67, p = 0.032) and marginal reduction of PCA BHI (1.25 ± 0.46 vs. 1.01 ± 0.39, p = 0.090) in migraineurs. After agitated saline injection, PCA BHI significantly decreased from 1.03 to 0.78 (p = 0.007) in patients with PFO, from 1.15 to 0.91 (p = 0.014) in those without PFO, and from 1.01 to 0.76 (p = 0.023) in subjects with migraine and PFO. No significant MCA BHI difference was noted soon after bubble injection. The presence of high grade RLS is associated with reduced vasodilatory CVMR in migraineurs. Further decrease of CVMR of PCA upon aerogenic microemboli passage may support the mechanism of ‘facilitation with subclinical cerebral ischemia caused by microembolism’, hypothesis explaining the onset of migraine. BHI: Breath-holding index; BHT: Breath Holding Test; CVMR: Cerebral vasomotor reactivity; EDV: End-diastolic velocity; HIT-6: Headache Impact Test; HPV: Hyperventilation; MCA: Middle cerebral artery; MIDAS: migraine disability Assessment score; PCA: Posterior cerebral artery; PFO: Patent foramen ovale; PI: Pulsatility index; PSV: Peak systolic velocity; RLS: Right-to-left shunt; TCD: Transcranial Doppler; Vmean: Mean velocity.
Brullaea Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Brullaea

description: 77. Brullaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 773.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Brullaea ocypteroidea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (as “ Brullaea ocypteroïdea, R.-D.”).
 TYPE SPECIES: Brullaea ocypteroidea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 (as “ Brullaea ocypteroïdea, R.-D.”), by monotypy.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 422)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
 [Buquetia] Robineau-Desvoidy, 1846a: 107.
 CURRENT STATUS: Unavailable name; proposed without description or included species; treated under Buquetia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847 [teste this work].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 50
Quantum Effects in Matter-Wave Diffraction
Creators: name: Hegerfeldt, Gerhard C.
name: Koehler, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in micro-technology of the last years have made it possible to carry optics textbooks experiments over to atomic and molecular beams, such as diffraction by a double slit or transmission grating. The usual wave-optical approach gives a good qualitative description of these experiments. However, small deviations therefrom and sophisticated quantum mechanics yield new surprising insights on the size of particles and on their interaction with surfaces.
description: 6 pages, 3 Postscript figures. To appear in the Proceedings of Quantum Theory and Symmetry, Cracow, July 2001, edited by E. Kapuscik and A. Horzela, World Scientific
Moving with Words, 1950s–1980s: Language, Notation, Choreography
Creators: name: Van Hensbergen, Rosa
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Notation
Choreography
Score
Japanese avant-garde performance
butoh
Samuel Beckett
Yvonne Rainer
Hijikata Tatsumi

description: My thesis concerns the use of language to notate movement from the 1950s to 1980s. During this period, traditional forms of pictographic movement notation get replaced in avant-garde communities by experimental language scores. These emerge within the context of a widespread and international turn towards notation that leaves its mark on philosophy, theory, and architecture as well as performance. My first chapter traces the development of language scores in New York in the 1950s–60s as exemplary of this wider notational turn. These scores, as privileged instances of language being made to do something, ask for new interpretative frameworks and procedures, and for reconstructions of language-use. My thesis brings together archival research, interviews with dancers, and close readings of published materials to reconstruct these lines of notational use between language and movement. Chapters Two to Seven are centred on three artists who both write for the page and notate movement for the stage: Hijikata Tatsumi, Samuel Beckett, and Yvonne Rainer. In Chapter Two, I read Hijikata’s notational language of the 1970s as producing a resistance to quotable gesture, in that it refuses the interruption that would make discrete movements visible. In Chapter Three, I ask whether the quality of Hijikata’s dance, characterized as a dissolving of figures into grounds, is a result of the proximity between his notational language and his poetic-prose text, Ailing Dancer. In Chapter Four, I treat Beckett’s language notation for Footfalls as a reflection on the betweenness of choreographic or directorial voice—a voice that writes into itself the imagination of another. In Chapter Five, I take the language notation of Quad to articulate a concern of contemporaneous choreographic works by Lucinda Childs and Anne Theresa de Keersmaeker. In Chapter Six, I look at works by Rainer and Childs to theorise the emergence of recording-as-notation from the 1960s–70s—first with recording as writing or note- taking, and then with recording using video and audio. In Chapter Seven, I consider Rainer’s juxtaposition of language and movement in film in terms of a politics of attention, that draws on Rainer’s own reading of feminist and poststructuralist theory.
description: I was funded by Emmanuel College and a GB Sasakawa Foundation Fund. My research was additionally supported by an Aoi Global Research Fund, a JSPS Pre-doctoral Fellowship, and a Getty Research Institute Library Grant.
The Far East and Oceania Agricultural Situation: Review of 1966 and Outlook for 1967
Creators: name: Far East Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
name: Far East Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Includes: Australia, Burma, Ceylon, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia and Singapore, Mainland China, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, South Korea, South Viet Nam, Taiwan, and Thailand
Buquetia Robineau-Desvoidy 1847
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Buquetia

description: 78. Buquetia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847: 286.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Buquetia musca Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847.
 TYPE SPECIES: Buquetia musca Robineau-Desvoidy, 1847, by monotypy.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 191)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 50
MAMLAKAT EKSPORT SALOHIYATINI OSHIRISHNING ISTIQBOLLI YO'NALISHLARI
Creators: name: Fayzullayev, Sardor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu ilmiy tezisda mamlakatning eksport salohiyatini oshirishning istiqbolli yo‘nalishlari tahlil qilinadi. Mamlakatlarning iqtisodiy o‘sish va barqarorligini ta'minlashda eksportning o‘rni katta bo‘lib, u milliy iqtisodiyotning raqobatbardoshligini oshirishga, tashqi bozorlarda mamlakat mahsulotlariga talabni yaratishga xizmat qiladi. Tezisda eksport salohiyatini oshirish uchun innovatsion texnologiyalarni joriy etish, iqtisodiy diplomatiya, qishloq xo‘jaligi va energiya resurslaridan foydalanish, transport va logistika infratuzilmasini rivojlantirish, shuningdek, xalqaro hamkorlikni kengaytirish kabi muhim yo‘nalishlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Mavzu orqali eksportni rivojlantirishda davlat siyosati va xalqaro aloqalarni optimallashtirishning zarurligi ta'kidlanadi. Yangi yo‘nalishlar yordamida mamlakatning eksport salohiyati kuchaytirilishi va iqtisodiy barqarorligi oshirilishi mumkin.
Do Rydberg chains yield Fibonacci anyons?
Creators: name: Chandran, Anushya
name: Burnell, Fiona J.
name: Sondhi, Shivaji L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have focused attention on the properties of chains of atoms in which the atoms are either in their ground states or in highly excited Rydberg states which block similar excitations in their immediate neighbors. As the low energy Hilbert space of such chains is isomorphic to that of a chain of Fibonacci anyons, they have been proposed as a platform for topological quantum computation and for simulating anyon dynamics. We show that generic local operators in the Rydberg chain correspond to non-local anyonic operators that do not preserve a topological symmetry of the physical anyons. Consequently, we argue that Rydberg chains do not yield Fibonacci anyons and quantum computation with Rydberg atoms is not topologically protected.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Deconstructing Scalar QED at Zero and Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Sakamoto, Kenji
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effective potential for the WLPNGB in a world with a circular latticized extra dimension. The mass of the WLPNGB is calculated from the one-loop quantum effect of scalar fields at zero and finite temperature. We show that a series expansion by the modified Bessel functions is useful to calculate the one-loop effective potentials.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. RevTeX4
What are the barriers to adopting carbon farming practices?
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Blackmore, Louise
name: Capon, Timothy
name: Robinson, Cathy J.
name: Torabi, Nooshin
name: Wilson, Kerrie A.
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Blackmore, Louise
name: Capon, Timothy
name: Robinson, Cathy J.
name: Torabi, Nooshin
name: Wilson, Kerrie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land management
subject: Policy adoption
subject: Climate change mitigation
subject: Farmer surveys

description: In many environmental and conservation policy contexts, gaps are observed between policy objectives and implementation outcomes. Carbon farming policies are designed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, but policy success depends on the participation of land managers and their adoption of alternative land management practices. We surveyed Western Australian farmers to gauge their knowledge of carbon farming, their current adoption of carbon farming practices, and identified the drivers and barriers to adoption. Drivers for adoption included knowledge and perception of co-benefits (for yield, productivity, and the environment); beliefs and attitudes about climate change and its causes. Key barriers to the adopting carbon farming practices included policy and political uncertainty, and on-farm characteristics. We conclude that, to increase participation, the productivity benefits of carbon farming practices must be actively promoted and practices must be easy to integrate into existing farming systems.
Fractal dust model of the Universe based on Mandelbrot's Conditional Cosmological Principle and General Theory of Relativity
Creators: name: Mittal, A. K.
name: Lohiya, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fractal dust model of the Universe based on Mandelbrot's proposal to replace the standard Cosmological Principle by his Conditional Cosmological Principle within the framework of General Theory of Relativity. This model turns out to be free from the de-Vaucouleurs paradox and is consistent with the SNe1a observations. The expected galaxy count as a function of red-shift is obtained for this model. An interesting variation is a steady state version, which can account for an accelerating scale factor without any cosmological constant in the model.
description: Latex2e,18 pages, one postscript figure
Cephalemya Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Oestridae
Cephalemya

description: 90. Cephalemya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 26.
 CURRENT STATUS: Unjustified emendation of Cephalemyia Latreille, 1818; junior synonym of Oestrus Linnaeus, 1758, n. syn.
FAMILY: OESTRIDAE.
REMARKS: Made available as an emendation by virtue of similar spelling changes for two or more names from “myia to “mya” in the same work.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 53
Evolution of the food retail trade in Poland
Creators: name: Ciechomski, Wiesław
name: Ciechomski, Wiesław
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food trade
subject: FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) market

description: The food retail trade in Poland is undergoing significant structural changes. The changes basically consist in a dynamic increase in the number of large-format stores, and also in the processes of integration and concentration of trade. In the food trade there are also qualitative changes taking place, in the form of implementing innovations and modern methods of managing the stores. These questions are brought up in this article.
Treslin and its role in the assembly of the replicative DNA helicase
Creators: name: Jatikusumo, Vincentius Aji
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Treslin
DNA replication
CryoEM
Biochemistry
CMG Helicase
MCM
Cdc45
DNA replication initiation
Replisome

description: DNA replication is an essential biochemical process that underlies genetic inheritance. In eukaryotic cells, this process is carried out by a multi-subunit protein complex called replisome. The core of replisome is made up of six-subunit protein ring Mcm2–7, which contains weak DNA helicase activity. In order to fully activate the helicase activity, protein co-activators of Cdc45 and GINS have to be recruited to assemble a replicative DNA helicase called the CMG (Cdc45-Mcm2–7-GINS) complex. The active CMG subsequently unwinds the parental DNA duplex to provide single-stranded DNA templates for replicative DNA polymerases. The precise mechanism for CMG assembly and activation is still poorly understood. Recent studies using model organisms suggested the importance of protein called Sld3/Treslin for CMG assembly. The aim of the project was to understand in detail how human Treslin participates in the assembly of the CMG helicase. The interactions of Treslin with Cdc45, Mcm2–7, and DNA were characterised by a series of biochemical, biophysical, and structural biology experiments. Cdc45–Treslin interaction was shown to be conserved from budding yeast to human, in which it is mediated by a domain called Sld3/Treslin Homology Domain (SHD). However, human Treslin contains an additional Cdc45-binding site—next to the C-terminus of SHD— in an intrinsically disordered region referred to as Treslin ’extension’ (Treslinext). Treslinext was also demonstrated to interact with Mcm2–7 ring and DNA. S-phase Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (S-CDK) appeared to regulate Treslin’s interaction with Cdc45 and Mcm2–7, in which it targets a number of potential S-CDK phosphorylation sites present in Treslinext. As a part of this project, low-resolution Cdc45–Treslin and medium-resolution of MCM single hexamer 3D maps were obtained through single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analyses. The results provide molecular basis for Treslin’s role in the assembly of the CMG complex. Treslin acts as a molecular chaperone for Cdc45 recruitment to the DNA-bound Mcm2-7 ring. Treslin’s role during CMG assembly may involve its binding ability to the Mcm2–7 and DNA. Furthermore, the regulatory role of S-CDK in Treslin’s interactions with Cdc45 and Mcm2–7 suggests a link of the CMG assembly control to the cell cycle in human.
description: Gates Cambridge Scholarship
Multifilamentary character of anticorrelated capacitive and resistive switching in memristive structures based on (CoFeB)x(LiNbO3)100-x nanocomposite
Creators: name: Martyshov, M. N.
name: Emelyanov, A. V.
name: Demin, V. A.
name: Nikiruy, K. E.
name: Minnekhanov, A. A.
name: Nikolaev, S. N.
name: Taldenkov, A. N.
name: Ovcharov, A. V.
name: Presnyakov, M. Yu.
name: Sitnikov, A. V.
name: Vasiliev, A. L.
name: Forsh, P. A.
name: Granovskiy, A. B.
name: Kashkarov, P. K.
name: Kovalchuk, M. V.
name: Rylkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistive and capacitive switching in capacitor metal/nanocomposite/metal (M/NC/M) structures based on (CoFeB)x(LiNbO3)100-x NC fabricated by ion-beam sputtering with metal content x $\approx$ 8-20 at. % is studied. The peculiarity of the structure synthesis was the use of increased oxygen content ($\approx$ 2*10^-5 Torr) at the initial stage of the NC growth. The NC films, along with metal nanogranules of 3-6 nm in size, contained a large number of dispersed Co (Fe) atoms (up to ~10^22 cm^-3). Measurements were performed both in DC and AC (frequency range 5-13 MHz) regimes. When switching structures from high-resistance (Roff) to low-resistance (Ron) state, the effect of a strong increase in their capacity was found, which reaches 8 times at x $\approx$ 15 at. % and the resistance ratio Roff/Ron $\approx$ 40. The effect is explained by the synergetic combination of the multifilamentary character of resistive switching (RS) and structural features of the samples associated, in particular, with the formation of high-resistance and strongly polarizable LiNbO3 layer near the bottom electrode of the structures. The proposed model is confirmed by investigations of RS of two-layer nanoscale M/NC/LiNbO3/M structures as well as by studies of the magnetization of M/NC/M structures in the pristine state and after RS.
Early permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: does a lower rate of nosocomial meningitis outweigh the risk of delayed cerebral vasospasm related morbidity?
Creators: name: Croci, Davide Marco
name: Dalolio, Martina
name: Aghlmandi, Soheila
name: Taub, Ethan
name: Rychen, Jonathan
name: Chiappini, Alessio
name: Zumofen, Daniel
name: Guzman, Raphael
name: Mariani, Luigi
name: Roethlisberger, Michel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Objective: Early permanent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion for hydrocephalus during the first 2 weeks after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) shortens the duration of external ventricular drainage (EVD) and reduces EVD-associated infections (EVDAI). The objective of this study was to detect any association with symptomatic delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS), or delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) by the time of hospital discharge. Methods: We used a single-center dataset of aSAH patients who had received a permanent CSF diversion. We compared an ‘early group’ in which the procedure was performed up to 14 days after the ictus, to a ‘late group’ in which it was performed from the 15th day onward. Results: Among 274 consecutive aSAH patients, 39 (14%) had a permanent CSF diversion procedure with a silver-coated EVD. While the blood clot burden was similarly distributed, patients with early permanent CSF diversion (20 out of 39; 51%) had higher levels of consciousness on admission. Early permanent CSF diversion was associated with less colonized catheter, a shorter duration of extracorporeal CSF diversion (OR 0.73, 95%CI 0.58–0.92 per EVD day), and a lower rate of EVDAI (OR 0.08, 95%CI 0.01–0.80). The occurrence of CSF diversion device obstruction, the rate of symptomatic DCVS or detected DCI on computed tomography and the likelihood of a poor outcome at discharge did not differ between the two groups. Discussion: Early permanent CSF diversion lowers the occurrence of catheter colonization and infectious complication without affecting DCVS-related morbidity in good-grade aSAH patients. These findings need confirmation in larger prospective multicenter cohorts. Abbreviations: aSAH: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; BNI: Barrow Neurological Institute Scale; CSF: Cerebrospinal fluid; DCVS: Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm; DCI: Delayed Cortical Ischemia; EKNZ: Ethik-Kommission Nordwest Schweiz; EVD: External ventricular drain; EVDAI: External ventricular drain-associated infections; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; IRB: Institutional Review Board; IVH: Inraventricular hemorrhage; mRS: Modified Rankin Scale; SOS: Swiss Study of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Registry; WFNS: World Federation Neurological-Surgeon Scale
Holes as Dipoles in a Doped Antiferromagnet and Stripe Instabilities
Creators: name: Kou, Su-Peng
name: Weng, Zheng-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on an effective model of a doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulator, we show that a doped hole will induce a dipole-like spin configuration in a spin ordered phase at low doping. The kinetic energy of doped holes is severely frustrated and a hole-dipole object is actually localized or self-trapped in space. Without a balance from the kinetic energy, the long-range dipole-dipole interaction between doped holes will dominate the low-energy physics, leading to an inhomogeneity instability as hole-dipoles collapse into stripes. Both antiphase metallic stripes of quarter-filling and antiphase insulating stripes along a diagonal direction are discussed as composed of hole-dipoles as elementary building blocks. Stripe melting and competing phases are also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, revised version with reference updates, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
USIA Poll # 1989-I89040: Post Nato Summit Survey
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Opinion of political leaders (1); Mikhail Gorbachev job performance (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Francois Mitterrand job performance (1); George Bush job performance (1); NATO and nuclear weapons (3); US military leaders (1).
The representation and re-imagining of the city in mainstream American animated feature films
Creators: name: Tang, Rui
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: American feature animation
city representation
children's literature

description: Mainstream American animated feature films are a form of art and entertainment especially popular among children. However, the genre has been understood in a limited way as being sentimental, didactic and bound to certain ideologies. These films have demonstrated a growing investment in stories which take place in city settings and draw attention to significant issues and problems concerning urban society and life. Nonetheless, little research has been carried out to examine and evaluate the representation and re-imagining of cities in animated films. This study aims to explore how American feature animations engage with the city and what the implications of this are for the audience, based on a close reading of several groups of exemplar film texts. It aims to challenge to some degree the view that animated films lack subtlety and complexity, and applies Leo Braudy’s theorisation of popular culture to explore the potentially contradictory values that these films project in the particular context of modern urban identities. The study also explores how to conceptualise the various ways that these animations respond to the experience of the city. It addresses this question by adapting and applying Jenny Bavidge’s modes of representations of the city in children’s literature, accordingly classifying film texts into three categories: the nostalgic, the transformative and the disruptive. Moreover, it aims to investigate the way that the medium of animation contributes distinctively to the filmic representation and re-imagining of the city by examining the realistic aesthetic and anthropomorphism in animation. The main findings of this study will suggest that mainstream American animated feature films can have subtle and complex dimensions, and articulate unresolved contradictions in public attitudes while providing playful experiences that can keep young audiences focused and happy when informing them of serious ideas. Moreover, these films display a variety of approaches to staging the city, which imply different attitudes in response to tensions and changes in city life. The realistic aesthetic and anthropomorphism in animation, in addition, play important roles in enhancing affective power and creativity. Overall, this study suggests that mainstream American animated features can provide a way of renewing public attention to issues and tensions in relation to city life, and potentially bring young audiences greater awareness of its various aspects in an affective manner.
description: China Scholarship Council
Discovery of Hidden Blazars
Creators: name: Ma, Feng
name: Wills, Beverley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A blazar is believed to exist in every radio-loud quasar. This is expected in a unified scheme where the differences in both optical and radio observations of radio-loud quasars are the result of different viewing angles. We have predicted that blazars may be detected using emission line ratio variations caused by variable illumination of gas clouds in the broad emission line region. In a spectroscopic search of 62 quasars at a redshift of about 2, we have discovered large (>20%) variations of the emission line ratios, CIV/CIII] or CIV/Ly$α$, when compared with historical data taken over 10 years ago. This result is consistent with our prediction, and thus supports the unification scheme for radio-loud quasars.
description: 8 pages with 1 color figure; to appear in Science on June 15, 2001; press embargo until 2:00 p.m. on June 14
Corporate Social Responsibility in the agri-food sector: the case of GMOs
Creators: name: Heyder, Matthias
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Heyder, Matthias
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: corporate social responsibility
subject: GMOs
subject: agri-food sector

description: Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are handled differently in different countries. Whereas global acreage of GMOs jumped to 134 million hectares in 2009 [Cultivation... 2010], in many European countries opposition to GMOs is still strong, and their acreage is very small. This situation poses a difficult situation for many companies and their corporate social responsibility [CSR] strategies. Against this background, we conducted an online survey of 170 agribusiness firms in order to shed some light on how companies handle the conflict between, on the one hand, the growing use of GMOs worldwide and, on the other, the rejection of GMOs by European consumers. The empirical results show that many agribusiness firms perceive the use of GMOs as a highly relevant management issue that shapes their CSR strategies. All in all, agribusiness firms apply a wide spectrum of CSR activities; furthermore, CSR is considered a top management responsibility. GMOs are of above- average relevance in firms that have been criticized for their attitudes towards and use of GMOs. The empirical results have interesting implications for the management of CSR and legitimacy in the agribusiness sector.