Amazhomidia ducke Cipola, Morais & Bellini, 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cipola, Nikolas Gioia
name: Morais, José Wellington De
name: Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Entomobryidae
Amazhomidia
Amazhomidia ducke

description: Amazhomidia ducke sp. nov. Cipola & Bellini
Figs 1–42
Type material. Holotype female on slide N° COLLE 057/ INPA: Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, 02°59’S; 59°55’W, 23.ix–04.xi.2014, pitfall-traps, T Vicente coll. Paratypes on slides N° COLLE 057A–E/ INPA, 4 males and 1 female, same data as holotype.
Paratypes on slides N° COLLE 057F–H/ INPA, 2 males, 1 female and 12 specimens in alcohol, same data as holotype, except 15.ix–20.v.2006, JLP Souza coll. Paratype on slide N° COLLE 057I/ INPA, 1 male, same data as holotype, except 25–27.iii.2013, dish trap, NG Cipola & MB Graça coll.
Additional examined material: on alcohol, 1 specimen, Experimental farm of the Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 02°39'11"S; 60°06'08"W), 06–18.viii.2010, pitfall traps, C Brito & JLP Souza coll.
Description. Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 2.51 mm. Habitus typically entomobryid (Figs 1, 11). Specimen with dark blue pigment covering the distal half of Ant. IV and Ant. III, head, thorax and Abd. I–IV (except lateral Abd. III and anterior part of Abd. IV), slight lighter in middle of trunk, legs (except the articulations of femora with tibiotarsi and distal tibiotarsi) and manubrium, dorsal Th. II–Abd. III with irregular unpigmented areas (Figs 1, 11). Heavily striate apically pointed scales covering dorsum of the head, thorax and abdomen (Fig. 2). Antennae, legs, collophore and furcula without scales.
Head. Antennae subequal to the length of body, antennal ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.4–1.7: 1.07–1.29: 2–2.21, holotype 1: 1.15: 1.18: 2.07 (Fig. 1). Ant. IV annulated, without apical bulb, with at least three types of chaetae: sblunt sensilla, ciliated and smooth chaetae (Figs 10, 15). Ant. III sense organ with 2 rods and 3 surrounding guard sensilla, with more 3 near s-blunt sensilla (Fig. 16). Ant. I dorsal face with 11 mac and three basal spiny smooth mic; ventral face with two mac (Fig. 17). Eyes 8+8, G and H smaller, other subequal, with 4 interocular chaetae, p as mac, q, r and s mic. Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 13: antennal series ‘An’ with 10–11 chaetae; anterior series ‘A’ with 5 chaetae, A0, A3 and A5 as mac; medio-ocellar series ‘M’ with 4 chaetae, M2 and M3 as mac; sutural series ‘S’ with 8 mac (S0–7); post-sutural series ‘Ps’ with 2 mac (Ps2–3); postoccipital internal series ‘Pi’ with 1 mac (Pi1); postoccipital anterior series ‘Pa’ with 5 chaetae, Pa1–3 and P5 as mac, Pa6 as bothriotrichum); postoccipital media series ‘Pm’ with 3 mac (Pm1, Pm2?, Pm3); postoccipital posterior ‘Pp’ series with 4 mac (Pp1–3, Pp5); postoccipital external series ‘Pe’ with 2 mac (Pe2–3). Clypeus with 16 ciliated chaetae: 5 mac, 5 mes, and 6 mic. Four prelabral chaetae, internal pair with bifurcated chaetae, external pair smooth or bifurcated. Labral papilla absent. Labral formula 4, 5, 5, all smooth chaetae, four anterior (a1–2), five median (m0–2) and five posterior (p0–2) (Fig. 14). Labial palp with five papillae (A–E), and with 0, 5, 0, 5, 4 guard chaetae, respectively; papilla E with lateral process (l.p.) finger-shaped with tip not reaching; H (main hypostomal chaeta) with two accessorial hypostomal chaetae (Fig. 18). Labium with five smooth proximal chaetae (Figs 18–19). Labial region with smooth chaeta (a1–5, m, R (r), e, l1–2), chaetae r smaller, ciliated, smooth or absent (Fig. 19). Cephalic groove with 1+1 scale-like chaeta and 10 ciliated chaetae; chaetae on posterior labium ciliated and subequal in size, with exception of four anterior smaller chaetae (Fig. 20). Maxillary out lobe with one apical, one subapical chaetae and 3 sublobal hairs on sublobal plate, subapical chaeta larger than apical one (Fig. 21).
Thorax. Th. II chaetotaxy as in Fig. 22; anterior series with about 30 mac; medial series ‘m’ with 5–6 central mac (m 4i present or absent) and 3 lateral mac (m6?) and two unnamed); posterior series ‘p’ with 9 to 16 mac, p 1i, p1p, p1e, p2p3, p2ea, p2ep and p4 present or absent. Tergite laterally with numerous chaetae, one ms, one anterolateral sens (al), and one accessory sens (acc.p6), both type I. Th. III chaetotaxy as in Fig. 23; series ‘a’ with 2 to 4 mac, a3 and a5 present or absent; series ‘m’ with 2 mac (m5–5p); series ‘p’ with 7 to 10 mac, p1p2, p2p and p4 present or absent. Numerous mes on the side of tergite plus one anterolateral sens (al) and one accessory sens (acc.p6), both type I. Legs with subcoxa I with a row of two mac and two pseudopores; subcoxa II with one row of six mac and three mes, anteriorly with one mac plus four mes and 16 mic, posteriorly with four mac plus three mes and four pseudopores; subcoxa III with a row of 9 mac, anteriorly with 10 mes plus two mic, posteriorly with two pseudopores (Figs 29–31). Trochanteral organ with approximately 33 spine-like chaetae; anterior face with about 10 extra spine-like chaetae (Fig. 32). Unguis with three inner teeth, one paired basal and one unpaired medial; and a basal pair of large laterodorsal teeth. Unguiculi I–II weakly truncate, unguiculus III acuminate, all with one small proximal external tooth. Tenent hairs capitate with smooth edges (Figs 33–35). Tibiotarsus III with a smooth inner distal chaeta, near the empodium (Fig. 34).
Abdomen. Abd. I chaetotaxy as in Fig. 24; series ‘m’ with 4–5 mac, m 4i present or absent; series ‘p’ with 4 mes (p6 and three unnamed); one ms and one accessory sens (acc.p6) (ms external to sens). Abd. II chaetotaxy as in Fig. 25; series ‘a’ with 3 chaetae, a6? as mac, a3 as mac or mic, a5 as bothriotrichum with 8 accessory chaetae; series ‘m’ with 4–5 chaetae, m3, m3ep, m3e (present or absent) and m5 as mac, m2 as bothriotrichum with 8 accessory chaetae; series ‘p’ with 1 mac (p6?). Two sensilla present, one anterosubmedial (as) and one accessory (acc.p6), both type I. Abd. III chaetotaxy as in Fig. 26; series ‘a’ with 2 chaetae, am6 as mac, a5 as bothriotrichum with 5 accessory chaetae; series ‘m’ with 4 chaetae, m3 and pm6 as mac, m2 and m5 as bothriotricha, respectively with 7 and 4 accessory chaetae; series ‘p’ with one mac (p6). Two sensilla present, one anterosubmedial (as) and one accessory (acc.p6), both type I, plus one ms. Nine unnamed lateral mes present. Abd. IV chaetotaxy as in Fig.
27; anterior central region with two transverse rows of 6 and 4 mac respectively; 1 median central mac; posterior central with 12–16 mac, B4–6 and 13 unnamed (four unnamed present or absent); series ‘T’ with 2 bothriotricha (T2 and T4) and 8 surrounding accessory chaetae; lateral region with 10–11 mac and 20 mes. Two sensilla type I (as and ps), 12 sensilla type II, and 20 mes on posterior margin present. Abd. V chaetotaxy as in Fig. 28; series ‘a’ with 1 mac (a6); series ‘m’ with 3 mac (m2–3, m5); posteroanterior series ‘pa’ with 2 mes (p6ai and p6ae); series ‘p’ with 2–3 mac (p1, p3, p5), p3 present or absent. Three sens as type I, one anterosubmedial (as) and two accessory sensilla (acc.p4 and acc.p5).
Collophore. All chaetae ciliated; one side of anterior face with 28 chaetae; 3 as mac, line connecting proximal (Pr) and external-distal (Ed) mac oblique to medial furrow; lateral face with approximately 12 chaetae; posterior face with about 38 chaetae, one of them longer (Fig. 36). Tenaculum. With 4+4 teeth and 1 large, striated basal chaeta (Fig. 37). Genital plate. Male papillate with 5+5 surrounding ciliated chaetae and 1+1 inner smooth chaetae (Fig. 38). Furcula. Manubrium with ciliate chaetae; ventral side with 3 subapical chaetae, distal region with approximately 38 chaetae; lateral side with 5 long distal mac; manubrial plate (dorsal side) with 2 mac, 5 mes, 4 mic and 2 pseudopores (Figs 39–40). Dens dorsally with about 38 striated spines in an irregular row (Fig. 41). Mucro bidentate with a basal spine slightly longer than apex of the proximal tooth (Fig. 42).
Etymology. The new species is named after the type locality, " Ducke Reserve", Amazonas, Brazil.
Distribution and habitat. The new species was found in the Amazon Rainforest phytogeographic domain, Amazon state, Brazil, Good’s biogeographic zone 26, Neotropical Region, Highlands of Eastern Brazil: North Brazilian (Good 1974). The climate of the area following the Köppen-Geiger system is "Am" tropical wet (or monsoon) climate, characterized by wet and dry seasons (Kottek et al. 2006).
The specimens were found in different land units between 60 and 140 m asl in the “Reserva Ducke ”, most commonly in low-lying areas on wet litter, in the warmer times of the year (April to September) (Baccaro et al. 2008). Amazhomidia ducke sp. nov. was not found in other regions sampled from Brazilian Amazon, so it is possibly a locally species to this region.
Remarks. The dorsal chaetotaxy of A. ducke sp. nov. possesses several unique characters compared to its closest taxon, Sinhomidia bicolor (Yosii, 1965). The new species has Ps3 mac and several extra mac in posterior region of head (absent in S. bicolor), absence of p5 mac on Th. II (present in S. bicolor), presence of m5 mac on Abd. I (absent in S. bicolor), and two extra lateral mac a6? and p6? on Abd. II (absent in S. bicolor), absence of m7 mac on Abd. III (present in S. bicolor) and a different number and arrangement of mac on Abd. IV, with a second row of median-anterior mac (absent in S. bicolor), high number of median-posterior mac (up to 16 vs. 8 in S. bicolor) and low number of latero-anterior mac above T2 bothriotrichum (1 vs. 9 in S. bicolor). Additional differences between the species are listed on the first two paragraphs of Amazhomidia gen nov. ‘ remarks’ and Table I.
description: Published as part of Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, Morais, José Wellington De & Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, 2016, A new genus of Entomobryinae (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from Brazilian Amazon with body scales and dental spines, pp. 261-273 in Zootaxa 4105 (3) on pages 266-271, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/255669