cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A general maximum entropy principle for self-gravitating perfect fluid
Creators: name: Gao, Sijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a self-gravitating system consisting of perfect fluid with spherical symmetry. Using the general expression of entropy density, we extremize the total entropy $S$ under the constraint that the total number of particles is fixed. We show that extrema of $S$ coincides precisely with the relativistic Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation of hydrostatic equilibrium. Furthermore, we apply the maximum entropy principle to a charged perfect fluid and derive the generalized TOV equation. Our work provides a strong evidence for the fundamental relationship between general relativity and ordinary thermodynamics.
description: 13 pages, no figure. The arguments have been improved so that the assumption p=p(\rho) is no longer needed
HRI Theme Study: Robotic performance of emotion in theatre
Creators: name: Norman, D'Arcy
Publisher: name: Computer Science
Year: 2017
Subjects: human-robot interaction
robots
theatre
performance

description: A theme study developed in April 2017 as part of CPSC 701.21 - Human-Robot Interaction. This document explores the connections between theatre and performance, and the ways in which these robot performances can convey emotions.
Time Evolution of the Radial Perturbations and Linear Stability of Solitons and Black Holes in a Generalized Skyrme Model
Creators: name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
name: Stefanov, Ivan Zh.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of the radial perturbation for self-gravitating soliton and black-hole solutions in a generalized Skyrme model in which a dilaton is present. The background solutions were obtained recently by some of the authors. For both the solitons and the black holes two branches of solutions exist which merge at some critical value of the corresponding parameter. The results show that, similar to the case without a scalar field, one of the branches is stable against radial perturbations and the other is unstable. The conclusions for the linear stability of the black holes in the generalized Skyrme model are also in agreement with the results from the thermodynamical stability analysis based on the turning point method.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures; v2: typos corrected, comments added
Generalised likelihood profiles for models with intractable likelihoods
Creators: name: Warne, David J.
name: Maclaren, Oliver J.
name: Carr, Elliot J.
name: Simpson, Matthew J.
name: Drovandi, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62M20 (Primary) 62-08, 62F40 (Secondary)

description: Likelihood profiling is an efficient and powerful frequentist approach for parameter estimation, uncertainty quantification and practical identifiablity analysis. Unfortunately, these methods cannot be easily applied for stochastic models without a tractable likelihood function. Such models are typical in many fields of science, rendering these classical approaches impractical in these settings. To address this limitation, we develop a new approach to generalising the methods of likelihood profiling for situations when the likelihood cannot be evaluated but stochastic simulations of the assumed data generating process are possible. Our approach is based upon recasting developments from generalised Bayesian inference into a frequentist setting. We derive a method for constructing generalised likelihood profiles and calibrating these profiles to achieve desired frequentist coverage for a given coverage level. We demonstrate the performance of our method on realistic examples from the literature and highlight the capability of our approach for the purpose of practical identifability analysis for models with intractable likelihoods.
Additional file 12: of Downregulation of miR-133a-3p promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis via activating PI3K/AKT signaling
Creators: name: Tang, Yubo
name: Pan, Jincheng
name: Huang, Shuai
name: Peng, Xinsheng
name: Zou, Xuenong
name: Luo, Yongxiang
name: Ren, Dong
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Li, Ronggang
name: He, Peiheng
name: Wa, Qingde
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Figure S4. (A and B) Real-time PCR of NANOG, BMI-1, SOX2 and OCT4 in the indicated cells. Transcript levels were normalized by U6 expression. Error bars represent the mean ± s.d. of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05. (C) Histograms show the mean tumor weights of each group. *P < 0.05. (D) The number of tumor formation initiated by different amounts of PC-3 cells in nude mice. n = 6 per group. (PDF 104 kb)
Probing Majorana fermions in spin-orbit coupled atomic Fermi gases
Creators: name: Liu, Xia-Ji
name: Jiang, Lei
name: Pu, Han
name: Hu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine theoretically the visualization of Majorana fermions in a two-dimensional trapped ultracold atomic Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling. By increasing an external Zeeman field, the trapped gas transits from non-topological to topological superfluid, via a mixed phase in which both types of superfluids coexist. We show that the zero-energy Majorana fermion, supported by the topological superfluid and localized at the vortex core, is clearly visible through (i) the core density and (ii) the local density of states, which are readily measurable in experiment. We present a realistic estimate on experimental parameters for ultracold $^{40}$K atoms.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
An Investigation of Local Microarchitecture Topology Changes in Long-Duration Spaceflight
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Conrad
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomedical Engineering
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: Bone
subject: Space Health
subject: Space Medicine
subject: Astronaut
subject: Trabecular Bone
subject: Topology
subject: Medical Imaging
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Microgravity-related bone loss presents a challenge to astronauts undergoing long-duration spaceflight. Astronauts undergo a period of substantial bone apposition upon return to Earth, which provides a unique opportunity to examine the mechanisms of bone remodeling. The objective of this study was to detect new trabecular bone connections in the form of topological bridging and quantify anisotropy changes in astronaut bone returning from the International Space Station (ISS). Seventeen United States Orbital Segment (USOS) astronauts participating in ISS missions of varying lengths (3.5-7 months) had their distal tibia and radius imaged using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) before spaceflight, at landing (R+0M), and at 12 months post-flight (R+12M). Bone images were three-dimensionally rigid registered (3DR) longitudinally. A skeletonization decomposed the R+12M images to their underlying structure, allowing superimposition to the R+0M image where the difference highlighted areas of bone apposition during recovery. Anisotropy changes were tracked using mean intercept length (MIL). To compare the sensitivity of topology and anisotropy changes in astronauts, a reference was established using same-day repeat HR-pQCT distal tibia (n=90) and radius (n=89) images from control participants. The topology and anisotropy difference significance was assessed using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test between astronauts and control, while the anisotropic precision was determined from control scan root-mean-square coefficient of variation (RMSCV%). Astronauts’ group median apposition site average size was 1.2 times larger in the tibia and the same in the radius when compared to controls (p<0.01, p=0.64 respectively). Qualitatively examining the astronaut apposition sites revealed instances of bone bridging the space between two adjacent structures, indicating trabecular topological reconnection. Estimated precision for anisotropy measures from the control scans ranged from 0.9 to 1.3%, while the astronauts’ change in anisotropy ranged from -2.9 to 6.4% (group median -0.02%) during in-flight loss and -5.0 to 6.8% (group median 0.1%) during post-flight recovery. Bone resorption and apposition varied considerably between astronauts, with evidence of new topological connections across all participants. Several astronauts demonstrated a substantial change in anisotropy, suggesting directional alterations are concurrent with topology adaptation that occurs upon recovery on Earth.
The elusive Heisenberg limit in quantum enhanced metrology
Creators: name: Demkowicz-Dobrzanski, Rafal
name: Kolodynski, Jan
name: Guta, Madalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide efficient and intuitive tools for deriving bounds on achievable precision in quantum enhanced metrology based on the geometry of quantum channels and semi-definite programming. We show that when decoherence is taken into account, the maximal possible quantum enhancement amounts generically to a constant factor rather than quadratic improvement. We apply these tools to derive bounds for models of decoherence relevant for metrological applications including: dephasing,depolarization, spontaneous emission and photon loss.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, presentation imporved, implementation of the semi-definite program finding the precision bounds added
Isometrically deforming cloth with simultaneous collision handling
Creators: name: Wang, Zheng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: We propose an isometrically deforming cloth model for physics-based simulation, which works with a conforming triangle mesh yet doesn’t suffer from locking. This in itself is an important step forward for cloth animation, as many common materials essentially do not stretch, yet the only prior method capable of handling this regime used a non-conforming mesh which considerably complicated collision handling. We further introduce a general integration scheme for constrained dynamics with additional potential energy terms and frictional contact, all fully and implicitly coupled together rather than staggered in time. Shells with stiff bending forces greatly benefit from the simultaneous coupling. Moreover, we show that solving for one time step in this scheme can be transformed to solving a Newton sequence of unconstrained linear least-squares problems, resulting only in sparse, symmetric positive definite matrices which can be handled particularly efficiently.
Exploring the Carbon Footprint of Hugging Face's ML Models: A Repository Mining Study
Creators: name: Castaño, Joel
name: Martínez-Fernández, Silverio
name: Franch, Xavier
name: Bogner, Justus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rise of machine learning (ML) systems has exacerbated their carbon footprint due to increased capabilities and model sizes. However, there is scarce knowledge on how the carbon footprint of ML models is actually measured, reported, and evaluated. In light of this, the paper aims to analyze the measurement of the carbon footprint of 1,417 ML models and associated datasets on Hugging Face, which is the most popular repository for pretrained ML models. The goal is to provide insights and recommendations on how to report and optimize the carbon efficiency of ML models. The study includes the first repository mining study on the Hugging Face Hub API on carbon emissions. This study seeks to answer two research questions: (1) how do ML model creators measure and report carbon emissions on Hugging Face Hub?, and (2) what aspects impact the carbon emissions of training ML models? The study yielded several key findings. These include a stalled proportion of carbon emissions-reporting models, a slight decrease in reported carbon footprint on Hugging Face over the past 2 years, and a continued dominance of NLP as the main application domain. Furthermore, the study uncovers correlations between carbon emissions and various attributes such as model size, dataset size, and ML application domains. These results highlight the need for software measurements to improve energy reporting practices and promote carbon-efficient model development within the Hugging Face community. In response to this issue, two classifications are proposed: one for categorizing models based on their carbon emission reporting practices and another for their carbon efficiency. The aim of these classification proposals is to foster transparency and sustainable model development within the ML community.
description: Accepted at the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM)
Algebraic description of G-flux in F-theory: new techniques for F-theory phenomenology
Creators: name: Braun, A. P.
name: Collinucci, A.
name: Valandro, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a global algebraic description of the four-form flux in F-theory. We present how to compute its D3-tadpole and how to calculate the number of four-dimensional chiral states at the intersection of 7-branes directly in F-theory. We check that, in the weak coupling limit, we obtain the same results as using perturbative type IIB string theory. We develop these techniques in full generality. However, they can be readily applied to concrete models, as we show in an explicit example.
description: 7 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the "XVII European Workshop on String Theory 2011", Padova, Italy, 5-9 September 2011; to appear in Fortschritte der Physik, v2 refs added
The VAST Survey -- II. Orbital motion monitoring of A-type star multiples
Creators: name: De Rosa, Robert J.
name: Patience, Jenny
name: Vigan, Arthur
name: Wilson, Paul A.
name: Schneider, Adam
name: McConnell, Nicholas J.
name: Wiktorowicz, Sloane J.
name: Marois, Christian
name: Song, Inseok
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: Graham, James R.
name: Bessell, Michael S.
name: Doyon, Rene
name: Lai, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a part of our ongoing Volume-limited A-Star (VAST) adaptive optics survey, we have obtained observations of 26 binary systems with projected separations <100 AU, 13 of which have sufficient historical measurements to allow for refinement of their orbital elements. For each system with an estimated orbit, the dynamical system mass obtained was compared with the system mass estimated from mass-magnitude relations. Discrepancies between the dynamical and theoretical system mass can be explained by the presence of a previously unresolved spectroscopic component, or by a non-solar metallicity of the system. Using this approach to infer the presence of additional companions, a lower limit to the fraction of binaries, triples, and quadruples can be estimated as 39, 46, and 15 per cent, for systems with at least one companion within 100 AU. The fraction of multiple systems with three or more components shows a relative increase compared to the fraction for Solar-type primaries resolved in previous volume-limited surveys. The observations have also revealed a pair of potentially young ($
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables. Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; minor corrections to manuscript as noted during proof
The p-wave polaron
Creators: name: Levinsen, Jesper
name: Massignan, Pietro
name: Chevy, Frédéric
name: Lobo, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the properties of a single impurity immersed in a Fermi sea close to an interspecies p-wave Feshbach resonance. We calculate its dispersion and spectral response to a radiofrequency pulse. In the presence of a magnetic field, dipolar interactions split the resonance and lead to the appearance of two novel features with respect to the s-wave case: a third polaron branch in the excitation spectrum, in addition to the usual attractive and repulsive ones; and an anisotropic dispersion of the impurity characterized by different effective masses perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field. The anisotropy can be tuned as a function of the field strength and the two effective masses may have opposite signs, or become smaller than the bare mass.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Leveraging static quantum many-body scars into period-doubled responses
Creators: name: Deng, Wentai
name: Yang, Zhi-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme that generates period-doubled responses via periodically driving certain Hamiltonians hosting quantum many-body scars, akin to recent experimental observations in driven Rydberg atom arrays. Our construction takes advantage of an su(2) spectrum generating algebra associated with the static quantum-scarred Hamiltonian, which enacts a $π$-rotation within the scar subspace after one period of time evolution with appropriately chosen driving parameters. This yields period-doubled (subharmonic) responses in local observables for any choice of initial state residing in the scar subspace. The quasienergy spectrum features atypical $π$-paired eigenstates embedded in an otherwise fully thermal spectrum.The protocol requires neither a large driving frequency nor a large driving amplitude, and is thus distinct from the prethermalization physics in previous investigations of the driven PXP model. We demonstrate our scheme using several spin-1/2 and spin-1 quantum scarred models possessing an exact su(2) spectrum generating algebra, as well as a symmetry-deformed PXP model, where the su(2) algebra is only approximate. Our results extend the class of models hosting quantum many-body scars that can be leveraged to yield time-crystalline behaviors under periodic driving.
description: 4.5+5 pages, 3 figures
Understanding the Path to Sub-Clinical Anxiety Among Female Adolescents: The Role of Caregiver Anxiety and Peer Rejection
Creators: name: Purcell, Victoria
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: anxiety
subject: path analysis
subject: females
subject: adolescents
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Anxiety has been identified as one of the most common groups of mental health concerns among adolescents worldwide. Experts have pointed to a number of possible explanations related to the origins of anxiety; however, issues concerning anxiety’s risk factors continue to be tempered by often unsystematic and fragmented models related to adolescent anxiety. Although valuable, these findings fail to capture the dynamic interactions among multiple risk factors that may characterize the frequency of anxiety symptoms, potentially negating early-intervention supports. To address this gap, the current study examined the interaction and path among individual (e.g., physical health complaints, avoidance) and environmental (e.g., parent/caregiver anxiety, peer rejection) contributing factors of anxiety symptoms in 167 adolescent girls between 11 and 18 years of age without a history of a previous or current mental health disorder (SD= 2.01; M = 14.70) and their primary caregiver. Analysis of the full model revealed a relatively poor model fit, with the CFI only demonstrating acceptable model fit indices 2 (df = 3) 17.58, p = 0.001; CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.84 RMSEA = 0.17 SRMR = 0.06. The current study offers initial evidence that supports theoretical assumptions suggesting that many anxiety risk factors are interconnected, and how together, a range of vulnerabilities and their relation among one another are associated to anxiety. Further implications of the findings, as well as recommendations for future research, are included.
Metal Oxide-Mediated Transformations of Small Molecules for Chemical Synthesis and Energy Storage
Creators: name: Jimenez Villegas, Santiago
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Electrocatalysis
subject: Metal oxide
subject: Density functional theory
subject: Amorphous materials
subject: Oxygen reduction reaction
subject: Water electrolysis
subject: Thin film deposition
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Materials Science

description: To date, the ever-increasing global demands for energy and chemicals have been met primarily by utilizing fossil fuel resources. With the increase consumption of fossil resources, major concerns have been raised in terms of its detrimental impacts on the climate and public health. Accordingly, development of sustainable technologies are crucial to relieve the heavy dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate its adverse effects. This thesis focuses on such sustainable technologies involving electrochemical transformations of small molecules (e.g., O2 and H2O) for the production of H2, a storable chemical fuel, and H2O2, a valuable chemical oxidant. Using a combination of experimental and computational approaches, metal oxide electrocatalysts are investigated. In the first section (chapter 3), the effects of the synthetic route on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance are explored using amorphous RuOx electrocatalysts; a benchmark catalyst for acidic OER. Structural, electrochemical, and spectroscopic analyses revealed a significant impact in performance by the deposition method, whereas the precursor used in the preparation of the catalyst had little influence. In the second section (chapter 4), the effects of heteroatom doping on the catalytic activity were explored via density functional theory. TiO2, a cost-effective, durable catalyst was doped with various amounts of Mn. DFT calculations showed optimal binding of reaction intermediates on the surface of the Mn-doped TiO2. As a result, the OER catalytic onset potential was decreased. The enhanced OER performance was corroborated by experimental studies, wherein a 370 mV reduction in onset potential was achieved through optimal amounts of Mn doping. Lastly, bifunctional catalysts to promote H2O2 production via the anodic two-electron water oxidation (2e-WOR) and cathodic two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) were studied in the third section (chapter 5). Using DFT calculations, the catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability of SnO2-supported single atom catalysts were assessed. W:SnO2 was identified as a promising candidate for the 2e-ORR, while Ti:SnO2, Fe:SnO2, and Mn:SnO2 for the 2e-WOR. This thesis is another step in the collective effort to transition away from fossil fuels and creating economically-attractive, sustainable technologies for the future of clean energy and chemical production.
Surveying an Energy Landscape
Creators: name: Schnabel, Stefan
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a formula that expresses the density of states of a system with continuous degrees of freedom as a function of microcanonical averages of squared gradient and Laplacian of the Hamiltonian. This result is then used to propose a novel flat-histogram Monte Carlo algorithm, which is tested on a three-dimensional system of interacting Lennard-Jones particles, the O(n) vector spin model on hypercubic lattices in D = 1 to 5 dimensions, and the O(3) Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice featuring frustration effects.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
On the leading OPE corrections to the ghost-gluon vertex and the Taylor theorem
Creators: name: Boucaud, Ph.
name: Dudal, D.
name: Leroy, J. P.
name: Péne, O.
name: Rodríguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This brief note is devoted to a study of genuine non-perturbative corrections to the Landau gauge ghost-gluon vertex in terms of the non-vanishing dimension-two gluon condensate. We pay special attention to the kinematical limit which the bare vertex takes for its tree-level expression at any perturbative order, according to the well-known Taylor theorem. Based on our OPE analysis, we also present a simple model for the vertex, in acceptable agreement with lattice data.
description: Final version published in JHEP
Lower Limits on $μ\to e γ$ from new Measurements on $U_{e3}$
Creators: name: Chakrabortty, Joydeep
name: Ghosh, Pradipta
name: Rodejohann, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New data on the lepton mixing angle $θ_{13}$ imply that the $eμ$ element of the matrix $m_νm_ν^\dagger$, where $m_ν$ is the neutrino Majorana mass matrix, cannot vanish. This implies a lower limit on lepton flavor violating processes in the $eμ$ sector in a variety of frameworks, including Higgs triplet models or the concept of minimal flavor violation in the lepton sector. We illustrate this for the branching ratio of $μ\to e γ$ in the type II seesaw mechanism, in which a Higgs triplet is responsible for neutrino mass and also mediates lepton flavor violation. We also discuss processes like $μ\to e\bar{e}e$ and $μ\to e$ conversion in nuclei. Since these processes have sensitivity on the individual entries of $m_ν$, their rates can still be vanishingly small.
description: 9 pages, 4 .eps figures; Discussions, 2 new figures and references added, Abstract and text modified, matches with the published version in Physical Review D
The Frobenius-Euler function and its applications
Creators: name: Araci, Serkan
name: Gao, Deyao
name: Acikgoz, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we deal with Fourier-transformation of Frobenius-Euler polynomials. We shall give its applications by using infinite series. Our applications possess interesting properties which we state in this paper.
description: 7 pages, submitted
Using Virtual Reality to Develop Clinical Educators' Skills of Facilitating Challenging Conversations with Students
Creators: name: Ibbotson, Hannah
Publisher: name: Nursing
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: clinical educators
subject: communication
subject: faculties
subject: professional development
subject: virtual reality
subject: Education--Teacher Training
subject: Education--Technology
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Facilitating challenging conversations with struggling nursing students can be a stressful experience for clinical educators (CEs). By addressing identified issues in a timely manner, CEs ensure competent patient care while providing students with an opportunity to improve performance. With little to no opportunity to practice facilitating challenging conversations until the actual interactions, CEs are often unprepared to navigate these conversations. This study aimed to gain CEs’ perspectives on the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in facilitating faculty development in navigating these conversations. A mixed-methods approach using a survey with demographic items, open- and close-ended questions, and interviews were implemented at the beginning and end of the Fall 2020 teaching semester with CEs teaching small groups (6-8 students) in the Faculty of Nursing. Data analysis included frequency distribution and thematic analysis. The study found that CEs perceived the VR experience as a beneficial tool to develop their skills. While providing a safe and positive learning environment to practice necessary skills, the VR experience prompted CEs to be actively engaged in their learning as well as enhance their confidence level in how they manage challenging student interactions. CEs suggested that the VR experience could be utilized for both new and experienced educators by incorporating it as a part of orientation and ongoing professional development sessions, respectively. Also, CEs shared that receiving feedback on their performance and making the experience more interactive may further enhance their learning. Gaining CEs’ perspective on the usefulness of the VR experience for faculty development could be beneficial in better supporting CEs in their roles to provide quality learning for the students. With this insight, there is potential to implement the use of VR as a means to support faculty and develop additional learning experiences to build their capabilities as educators.
MANUAL MUNICIPAL MAIS MÉDICOS PELO BRASIL
Creators: name: MONTEIRO, Brenda Beatriz Silva
name: VIEIRA, Evelyn Laís Santos
name: SOARES, Thainara Braga
name: LIMA, Vitor Nina
name: PEREIRA, Camilo Eduardo Almeida
name: LEAL, Tamilis Feitosa
name: SANTOS, Felipe Valino dos
name: SILVA, André Vilhena
name: OLIVEIRA, Manuela Furtado Veloso de
name: NASCIMENTO, Márcio Ricardo Luz do
name: FERNANDES, Samara Costa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Este é um manual voltado para o programa mais médicos pelo Brasil
Transmutations from the Covariant Transform on the Heisenberg Group and an Extended Umbral Principle
Creators: name: Kisil, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A40, 34B30, 35S50, 43A85, 44A35, 47G30

description: We discuss several seemingly assorted objects: the umbral calculus, generalised translations and associated transmutations, symbolic calculus of operators. The common framework for them is representations of the Weyl algebra of the Heisenberg group by ladder operators. Transporting various properties between different implementations we review some classic results and new opportunities.
description: 16 pages, RevTex; v2: add a footnote on Fock-Segal-Bargmann transform (post publication)
The effects of pre- and perinatal nicotine exposure and genetic background on histological and behavioural phenotypes
Creators: name: Balsevich, Georgia Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Approximately 11% of pregnant woman in Canada continue to use tobacco during pregnancy. Maternal tobacco use increases the risk of complications in pregnancy and also the risk of adverse foetal outcomes. Although tobacco smoke contains over 4000 compounds, studies have established nicotine as the principal component of tobacco smoke that leads to the majority of negative reproductive outcomes associated with maternal tobacco use. It appears the neuroteratogenicity of nicotine is mediated by complex gene-environment interactions. Genetic background contributes to individual differences in nicotine-related phenotypes. The aim of the current study was to investigate the interaction between pre- and perinatal nicotine exposure and genetic background on histological and behavioural measures using DBA/2J (D2) and C57BL/6J (B6) inbred mice. Alterations in neuronal cell populations, regional brain volumes, and behaviour - open field (OF) activity, novel object recognition (NOR), elevated plus maze (EPM), and passive avoidance (PA) - were evaluated on postnatal day (PN) 24 and PN75, following early exposure to nicotine solution (200 μg/ml)starting from 30 days before pregnancy up to pups weaning. Data revealed no difference between treatment groups of dams in gestational weight gain or pup mortality. Histological data showed that early nicotine exposure resulted in decreased striatal volume among preadolescent females and reduced neuronal number within the striatum of preadolescent B6 mice. In the hippocampus the effects of early nicotine exposure appeared more subtle, in which only the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus in D2 preadolescents was afflicted. Behavioural data showed that early nicotine exposure promoted hyperactivity in D2 female mice and disrupted NOR and PA memory. Specifically, NOR deficits were significant amongst adult male mice whereas PA deficits were unconditional. These data suggest that pre- and perinatal nicotine affects regional brain morphology and leads to neurobehavioural alterations. The observed treatment interactions suggest that genetic background, developmental stage, and sex interact with nicotine to influence nicotine-related phenotypes.
A method for determining the mod-$2^k$ behaviour of recursive sequences, with applications to subgroup counting
Creators: name: Kauers, Manuel
name: Krattenthaler, Christian
name: Müller, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E06 (Primary) 05A15, 05E99, 11A07, 20E07, 33F10, 68W30 (Secondary)

description: We present a method to obtain congruences modulo powers of 2 for sequences given by recurrences of finite depth with polynomial coefficients. We apply this method to Catalan numbers, Fuß-Catalan numbers, and to subgroup counting functions associated with Hecke groups and their lifts. This leads to numerous new results, including many extensions of known results to higher powers of 2.
description: AmS-LaTeX; 76 pages; substantial revision: an appendix added which enhances the presented method, many errors and typos corrected; to appear in Electron. J. Combin
Free subgroups within the images of quantum representations
Creators: name: Funar, Louis
name: Kohno, Toshitake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M07, 20F36, 20F38, 57N05

description: We prove that, except for a few explicit roots of unity, the quantum image of any Johnson subgroup of the mapping class group contains an explicit free non-abelian subgroup.
description: revised version 14p., 4 figures. We removed the sections containing applications of the largeness results presented here to finite index subgroups of mapping class groups, as the proofs in the former version have a gap. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0907.0568
An integrated investigation of Froude-supercritical turbidity current dynamics and products in deep-water slope systems
Creators: name: Englert, Rebecca Gail
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Deep-water settings represent one of the most poorly understood sedimentary environments, largely due to a lack of direct observations from modern systems. Technological advancements have recently enabled high-resolution seafloor mapping and water column monitoring that have incited interest in supercritical (Froude number >1) flow dynamics. Inspired by novel seafloor findings, this doctoral research applies an integrated approach to investigate the occurrence and depositional products of Froude-supercritical turbidity currents in sandy submarine slope channels and intraslope lobes. It uses a combination of numerical (computational fluid dynamic models), modern (repeat bathymetry from the Squamish prodelta, Canada, and Monterey Canyon, USA), and ancient (outcrop characterization from the Nanaimo Group, Canada, and Tres Pasos Formation, Chile) datasets to elucidate turbidity current bedform development and downslope flow evolution in these settings. Numerical simulations reveal the morphodynamic processes associated with decameter-scale upstream-migrating bedforms, comparable to those commonly observed in sandy submarine slope channels and lobes on the seafloor. Results confirm that these bedforms are formed by Froude-supercritical turbidity currents with denser basal layers and can be classified as upper-flow-regime bedforms called cyclic steps. Three-dimensional architectural characterization of modern and ancient strata demonstrate that cyclic step migration produces backstepping asymmetric lenses, which are meters to tens of meters long and <1 m thick. Bedform distribution on the seafloor and the identification of analogous lenses in outcropping slope strata provide insight into the downstream evolution of flows and influence of topographic features. Collectively, the results in this thesis support the ubiquitous importance of Froude-supercritical conditions in turbidity current sediment transport across a range of depths and positions on deep-water slopes. Incorporation of new modern datasets provide robust support for the establishment of process-to-product relationships, previously lacking in deep-water sedimentological investigations. This research contributes to the understanding of flow processes associated with bedforms and topographic interactions, which is important for predicting modern turbidity current hazards where similar features occur on the seafloor. As well, it informs paleoenvironmental interpretations of sedimentary structures in ancient deep-water successions that hold critical records of events in Earth history.
Extending Explainable Boosting Machines to Scientific Image Data
Creators: name: Schug, Daniel
name: Yerramreddy, Sai
name: Caruana, Rich
name: Greenberg, Craig
name: Zwolak, Justyna P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the deployment of computer vision technology becomes increasingly common in science, the need for explanations of the system and its output has become a focus of great concern. Driven by the pressing need for interpretable models in science, we propose the use of Explainable Boosting Machines (EBMs) for scientific image data. Inspired by an important application underpinning the development of quantum technologies, we apply EBMs to cold-atom soliton image data tabularized using Gabor Wavelet Transform-based techniques that preserve the spatial structure of the data. In doing so, we demonstrate the use of EBMs for image data for the first time and show that our approach provides explanations that are consistent with human intuition about the data.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Decoherence control: Universal protection of two-qubit states and two-qubit gates using continuous driving fields
Creators: name: Chaudhry, Adam Zaman
name: Gong, Jiangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A field configuration utilizing local static and oscillating fields is constructed to achieve universal (but low-order) protection of two-qubit states. That is, two-qubit states can be protected against arbitrary system-environment coupling if the driving field frequency, as compared with the cutoff frequency of the environment, is sufficiently large. Equally important, we show that it is possible to construct driving fields to protect two-qubit entangling gates against decoherence, without assuming any particular form of system-environment coupling. Using a non-Markovian master equation, we further demonstrate the effectiveness of our continuous dynamical decoupling fields in protecting entanglement and the excellent performance of protected two-qubit gates in generating entanglement. The results are complementary to current studies of entanglement protection using universal dynamical decoupling pulse sequences.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures (improved introduction, made connections with early studies of dynamically corrected quantum gates)
Coherent control of atomic spin currents in a double well
Creators: name: Ng, H. T.
name: Chu, Shih-I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experimental feasible method for controlling the atomic currents of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in a double well by applying an external field to the atoms in one of the potential wells. We study the ground-state properties of the system and show that the directions of spin currents and net-particle tunneling can be manipulated by adiabatically varying the coupling strength between the atoms and the field. This system can be used for studying spin and tunneling phenomena across a wide range of interaction parameters. In addition, spin-squeezed states can be generated. It is useful for quantum information processing and quantum metrology.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, minor revision
Training a HyperDimensional Computing Classifier using a Threshold on its Confidence
Creators: name: Smets, Laura
name: Van Leekwijck, Werner
name: Tsang, Ing Jyh
name: Latre, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) has become popular for light-weight and energy-efficient machine learning, suitable for wearable Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and near-sensor or on-device processing. HDC is computationally less complex than traditional deep learning algorithms and achieves moderate to good classification performance. This article proposes to extend the training procedure in HDC by taking into account not only wrongly classified samples, but also samples that are correctly classified by the HDC model but with low confidence. As such, a confidence threshold is introduced that can be tuned for each dataset to achieve the best classification accuracy. The proposed training procedure is tested on UCIHAR, CTG, ISOLET and HAND dataset for which the performance consistently improves compared to the baseline across a range of confidence threshold values. The extended training procedure also results in a shift towards higher confidence values of the correctly classified samples making the classifier not only more accurate but also more confident about its predictions.
AN INTEGRATED CULTURAL MANAGEMENT APPROACH FOR BROWN PATCH DISEASE SUPPRESSION IN TALL FESCUE LAWNS
Creators: name: Powlen, Jada S
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Horticultural crop protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)
Horticultural crop growth and development
Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)
Crop and pasture nutrition

description: Brown patch (caused by various Rhizoctonia and Rhizoctonia-like species) is one of the major summer diseases of tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort., nom. cons.]. Fungicides are available to suppress brown patch; however, there is increasing interest to reduce lawn pesticide inputs. Excessive summer nitrogen (N) applications and extended periods of leaf wetness have been suggested to enhance brown patch. Five projects were conducted from 2020 to 2022 to evaluate individual and various combinations of cultural management practices to improve brown patch management strategies through reducing chemical inputs and promoting environmentally sound integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Brown patch host resistance of 15 tall fescue cultivars was evaluated in a controlled environment study and various morphological characteristics were correlated to brown patch severity. A 45% reduction in brown patch was observed with a resistant cultivar, and cultivars with faster growth rates, wider sheath widths and shorter sheath length correlated with reduced brown patch resistance. A field study evaluated five cultivars fertilized with urea-N from April to July, totaling 73.5 or 245.0 kg N ha-1. A resistant cultivar had the greatest influence on reducing disease, and N-rate generally did not influence disease severity. Differences in seasonal brown patch was compared in a three-year field study for various natural organic fertilizers. Feather-bone meal and soybean meal-based products decreased disease compared to non-fertilized turf. Chemical suppression of leaf-wetness was studied using different surfactant chemistries applied on a 14 to 21-d application frequency and some chemistries reduced disease. When evaluating the various interactions of cultivar, N rate, and surfactant compared to a granular fungicide, the greatest impact was achieved when planting a resistant cultivar, reducing disease severity by 68%. Additionally, the combination of a resistant cultivar and application of a surfactant had the same seasonal brown patch compared to a susceptible cultivar with fungicide applications during year two of evaluation. In summary, these studies demonstrate significant reductions in brown patch can be achieved when utilizing the aforesaid best management practices which can substantially reduce the need for frequent lawn fungicides.
Bi-Modal Deep Neural Network for Gait Emotion Recognition
Creators: name: Bhatia, Yajurv
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Deep Learning
subject: Cognitive Systems
subject: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
subject: Affective Computing
subject: Emotion Recognition
subject: Situation Awareness
subject: Gait
subject: Remote Visual Technology
subject: Motion Capture Sensor
subject: Human Motion
subject: Handcrafted Features
subject: Feature Fusion
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science
subject: Robotics
subject: Psychology--Behavioral
subject: Psychology--Physiological

description: Emotion Recognition systems can be used for autonomous tasks such as video gaming experiences, medical diagnosis, adaptive education, and smart homes. Several biometric modalities, including face, hands, and voice have been successfully used for emotion recognition tasks. Gait Emotion Recognition (GER) is an emerging domain of research that is focused on identifying the emotional state of a person from gait biometric, which represents the person’s manner of walking. In comparison to the other modalities, gait provides a non-intrusive method to collect data remotely without an expert’s supervision. Moreover, unlike facial expression-based emotion recognition, it does not require high-resolution data for inference. Early works in GER produced limited feature sets and used classical machine learning methodologies to infer emotions, but could not achieve high performance. This thesis proposes powerful architectures based on deep-learning to accurately identify emotions from human gaits. The proposed Bi-Modal Deep Neural Network (BMDNN) architecture utilizes robust handcrafted features that are independent of dataset size and data distribution. The network is based on Long Short-Term Memory units and Multi-Layered Perceptrons to sequentially process raw gait sequences and facilitate feature fusion with the handcrafted features. Lastly, the proposed Bi-Modular Sequential Neural Network (BMSNN) has a low number of parameters and a low inference time, hence making it suitable for deployment in real world applications. The proposed methodologies were evaluated on the Edinburgh Locomotive MoCap Dataset and outperformed all recent state-of-the-art methods.