cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Notions of Centralized and Decentralized Opacity in Linear Systems
Creators: name: Ramasubramanian, Bhaskar
name: Cleaveland, Rance
name: Marcus, Steven I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We formulate notions of opacity for cyberphysical systems modeled as discrete-time linear time-invariant systems. A set of secret states is $k$-ISO with respect to a set of nonsecret states if, starting from these sets at time $0$, the outputs at time $k$ are indistinguishable to an adversarial observer. Necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure that a secret specification is $k$-ISO are established in terms of sets of reachable states. We also show how to adapt techniques for computing under-approximations and over-approximations of the set of reachable states of dynamical systems in order to soundly approximate k-ISO. Further, we provide a condition for output controllability, if $k$-ISO holds, and show that the converse holds under an additional assumption. We extend the theory of opacity for single-adversary systems to the case of multiple adversaries and develop several notions of decentralized opacity. We study the following scenarios: i) the presence or lack of a centralized coordinator, and ii) the presence or absence of collusion among adversaries. In the case of colluding adversaries, we derive a condition for nonopacity that depends on the structure of the directed graph representing the communication between adversaries. Finally, we relax the condition that the outputs be indistinguishable and define a notion of $ε$-opacity, and also provide an extension to the case of nonlinear systems.
description: Provisionally accepted to the IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Cryptocheilus discolor
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, E.
name: Schmid, C.
name: Wahis, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Cryptocheilus
Cryptocheilus discolor

description: Cryptocheilus discolor (FABRICIUS)
R e c o r d s: female Khorasan: daregaz, Tandureh, 600m, 4.VIII.1971, leg. Ayatolahi / Pazuki (col. Tehran), female Khorasan: Sarakhs, Bezangan, Daryacheh-e Kolbibi, 200m., 8.IV.1997, leg. V. Nazari (col. Tehran); female Kordestan: Bijar, 9.VII.1967, leg. Dezfulian (col. Tehran); female Khorasan,?, 1942, (col. Tehran); female Khorasan, Mashhad, Torogh, 8.IV.1973, Ayatolahi (col. Tehran) - female 50 km S Koramant (Schmid-Egger in prep.)
 R e m a r k: The female is not distinguishable from Cryptocheilus semicastaneus MORAWITZ, males can be recognized by a different propodeal structure. Both taxa are separated by distribution pattern: Cryptocheilus discolor occurs in the Mediterranean area and Turkey, Cryptocheilus semicastaneus is restricted to Central Asia east of the Caspian Sea. Until now, we could not examine males of these species from Iran, so the true identity of these findings in Iran is not verified. Iran represents the transition area between Cryptocheilus semicastaneus and Cryptocheilus discolor.
description: Published as part of Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C. & Wahis, R., 2008, New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran, pp. 1435-1442 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1438, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431148
Ga-doped 3D ordered porous SnO2 with an ultrasmall pore size for enhanced formaldehyde sensitivity
Creators: name: Sun, Dan
name: Tang, Xiaonian
name: Tian, Xi-ang
name: Liu, Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Pure and Ga-doped 3 D ordered porous SnO2 (3DOPS) and SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared. The 3DOPS/3% Ga-based sensor exhibits an improved response (61/50 ppm) to formaldehyde (HCHO), and the response is 3 times higher than pure 3DOPS (21/50 ppm) at low temperature (220 °C). However, the response of SnO2 NPs/3% Ga (10/50 ppm) is only 1.25 times that of the pure SnO2 NPs (8/50 ppm). Regardless of the SnO2 morphology, doping with Ga can improve its response. However, after the 3 D ordered porous structure of SnO2 doped with Ga element, its response is improved more obviously than that of the particle structure of SnO2. This may be attributed to the combined effect of the construction of the three-dimensional ordered porous structure and the doping elements. A well-organized 3D ordered porous SnO2 nanostructure with an ultrasmall pore size (about 55 nm)
Phortica (Phortica) gombakana
Creators: name: Chen, Hong-Wei
name: Toda, Masanori J.
name: Lakim, Maklarin B.
name: Mohamed, Maryati B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Phortica
Phortica gombakana

description: Phortica (Phortica) gombakana (Takada & Momma, 1975)
 Amiota (Phortica) gombakana Takada & Momma, 1975: 14.
  Diagnosis. –  Vertical process of gonopods with spinules apicomedially; aedeagus with 2 pairs of bridges, of which the ventral pair is strongly sclerotized.
  Material examined. –  Holotype male, MALAYSIA: Gombak, near Kuala Lumpur, coll. H. Takada, 4 Jul.1972 (SEHU); Ulu Senagang, Crocker Range, Sabah, 1 male, coll. M. J. Toda, 18 Oct.1999 (KPSP).
  Distribution. –  Malaysia (Malaya, Sabah).
description: Published as part of Chen, Hong-Wei, Toda, Masanori J., Lakim, Maklarin B. & Mohamed, Maryati B., 2007, The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia, pp. 23-41 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 55 (1) on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5333042
Ctenagenia ozbeki WAHIS
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, E.
name: Schmid, C.
name: Wahis, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Ctenagenia
Ctenagenia ozbeki

description: Ctenagenia ozbeki WAHIS
R e c o r d s: female Fars, Dasht-e Arjan, 1900m., 14.IX.1974, Abai (col. Tehran).
R e m a r k: The species was recently described from southeastern Turkey, Afghanistan and Pakistan (WAHIS 2002).
description: Published as part of Ebrahimi, E., Schmid, C. & Wahis, R., 2008, New records of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran, pp. 1435-1442 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1439, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431148
Odd-frequency superconductivity induced by non-magnetic impurities
Creators: name: Triola, Christopher
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing body of literature suggests that odd-frequency superconducting pair amplitudes can be generated in normal metal-superconductor junctions. The emergence of odd-frequency pairing in these systems is often attributed to the breaking of translation invariance. In this work, we study the pair symmetry of a one-dimensional $s$-wave superconductor in the presence of a single non-magnetic impurity and demonstrate that translation symmetry breaking is not sufficient for inducing odd-frequency pairing. We consider three kinds of impurities: a local perturbation of the chemical potential, an impurity possessing a quantum energy level, and a local perturbation of the superconducting gap. Surprisingly, we find local perturbations of the chemical potential do not induce any odd-frequency pairing, despite the fact that they break translation invariance. Moreover, although odd-frequency can be induced by both the quantum impurity and the perturbation of the gap, we find these odd-frequency amplitudes emerge from entirely different kinds of scattering processes. The quantum impurity generates odd-frequency pairs by allowing one of the quasiparticles belonging to an equal-time Cooper pair to tunnel onto the impurity state and then back to the superconductor, giving rise to odd-frequency amplitudes with a temporal broadening inversely proportional to the energy level of the impurity. In contrast to this, the perturbation of the gap leads to odd-frequency pairing by "gluing-together" normal state quasiparticles from different points in space and time, leading to odd-frequency amplitudes which are very localized in the time domain.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Linear and Order Statistics Combiners for Pattern Classification
Creators: name: Tumer, Kagan
name: Ghosh, Joydeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.1 ; I.2.6

description: Several researchers have experimentally shown that substantial improvements can be obtained in difficult pattern recognition problems by combining or integrating the outputs of multiple classifiers. This chapter provides an analytical framework to quantify the improvements in classification results due to combining. The results apply to both linear combiners and order statistics combiners. We first show that to a first order approximation, the error rate obtained over and above the Bayes error rate, is directly proportional to the variance of the actual decision boundaries around the Bayes optimum boundary. Combining classifiers in output space reduces this variance, and hence reduces the "added" error. If N unbiased classifiers are combined by simple averaging, the added error rate can be reduced by a factor of N if the individual errors in approximating the decision boundaries are uncorrelated. Expressions are then derived for linear combiners which are biased or correlated, and the effect of output correlations on ensemble performance is quantified. For order statistics based non-linear combiners, we derive expressions that indicate how much the median, the maximum and in general the ith order statistic can improve classifier performance. The analysis presented here facilitates the understanding of the relationships among error rates, classifier boundary distributions, and combining in output space. Experimental results on several public domain data sets are provided to illustrate the benefits of combining and to support the analytical results.
description: 31 pages
Machine Learning Phase Transitions with a Quantum Processor
Creators: name: Uvarov, Alexey
name: Kardashin, Andrey
name: Biamonte, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning has emerged as a promising approach to study the properties of many-body systems. Recently proposed as a tool to classify phases of matter, the approach relies on classical simulation methods$-$such as Monte Carlo$-$which are known to experience an exponential slowdown when simulating certain quantum systems. To overcome this slowdown while still leveraging machine learning, we propose a variational quantum algorithm which merges quantum simulation and quantum machine learning to classify phases of matter. Our classifier is directly fed labeled states recovered by the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm, thereby avoiding the data reading slowdown experienced in many applications of quantum enhanced machine learning. We propose families of variational ansatz states that are inspired directly by tensor networks. This allows us to use tools from tensor network theory to explain properties of the phase diagrams the presented method recovers. Finally, we propose a nearest-neighbour (checkerboard) quantum neural network. This majority vote quantum classifier is successfully trained to recognize phases of matter with $99\%$ accuracy for the transverse field Ising model and $94\%$ accuracy for the XXZ model. These findings suggest that our merger between quantum simulation and quantum enhanced machine learning offers a fertile ground to develop computational insights into quantum systems.
description: feedback welcome; 10 pages; 10 figures; RevTex
Legumain protease-sheddable PEGylated, tuftsin-modified nanoparticles for selective targeting to tumour-associated macrophages
Creators: name: Liang, De-Sheng
name: Wen, Zu-Jun
name: Wang, Jia-Hui
name: Zhu, Fang-Fang
name: Guo, Feng
name: Zhou, Jian-Liang
name: Xu, Jian-Jun
name: Zhong, Hai-Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent an attractive cell target for anticancer therapy. However, selective and efficient targeting of TAMs remains difficult. Here, we constructed a novel dually functionalised nanoparticle platform (s-Tpep-NPs) by surface co-modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with tuftsin (Tpep) and legumain protease-sheddable polyethylene glycol 5k (PEG5k) to achieve selective targeted delivery to TAMs. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiment and in vitro cellular uptake assay confirmed that s-Tpep-NPs can responsively shed PEG5k and transform into active Tpep-NPs upon the cleavage of legumain that is overexpressed on TAM surfaces, which then promotes TAM phagocytosis through Fc receptor-mediated pathways. Owing to the shielding effect by legumain-sheddable PEG5k, s-Tpep-NPs can effectively decrease the Tpep-induced non-specific accumulation in mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) organs during systemic circulation. Moreover, s-Tpep-NPs can significantly enhance the tumoural accumulation and improve the specificity and efficiency of targeting to TAMs, as compared with both controls of Tpep-NPs and non-sheddable ns-Tpep-NPs. Overall, this study provides a robust nanoplatform with a novel avenue for improved selectivity of targeted delivery to TAMs.
Notes on the Super Nambu Bracket
Creators: name: Sakakibara, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a super Nambu-Poisson algebra over a super manifold. A super Nambu bracket does not satisfy the usual skew-symmetric property, and we propose another skew-symmetric property. We show that the divergence of super Nambu-Hamiltonian vector fields leads to a generalization of the Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra.
description: 9 pages, no figures, AMS-LaTeX, ptptex.cls, some errors corrected, version to appear in PTP
A Provably Communication-Efficient Asynchronous Distributed Inference Method for Convex and Nonconvex Problems
Creators: name: Ren, Jineng
name: Haupt, Jarvis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80M50

description: This paper proposes and analyzes a communication-efficient distributed optimization framework for general nonconvex nonsmooth signal processing and machine learning problems under an asynchronous protocol. At each iteration, worker machines compute gradients of a known empirical loss function using their own local data, and a master machine solves a related minimization problem to update the current estimate. We prove that for nonconvex nonsmooth problems, the proposed algorithm converges with a sublinear rate over the number of communication rounds, coinciding with the best theoretical rate that can be achieved for this class of problems. Linear convergence is established without any statistical assumptions of the local data for problems characterized by composite loss functions whose smooth parts are strongly convex. Extensive numerical experiments verify that the performance of the proposed approach indeed improves -- sometimes significantly -- over other state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of total communication efficiency.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, preliminary version appeared in the proceedings of the 2018 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP 2018)
An Introduction to Quantum Computing for Non-Physicists
Creators: name: Rieffel, Eleanor G.
name: Polak, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Literature (cs.GL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Richard Feynman's observation that quantum mechanical effects could not be simulated efficiently on a computer led to speculation that computation in general could be done more efficiently if it used quantum effects. This speculation appeared justified when Peter Shor described a polynomial time quantum algorithm for factoring integers. In quantum systems, the computational space increases exponentially with the size of the system which enables exponential parallelism. This parallelism could lead to exponentially faster quantum algorithms than possible classically. The catch is that accessing the results, which requires measurement, proves tricky and requires new non-traditional programming techniques. The aim of this paper is to guide computer scientists and other non-physicists through the conceptual and notational barriers that separate quantum computing from conventional computing. We introduce basic principles of quantum mechanics to explain where the power of quantum computers comes from and why it is difficult to harness. We describe quantum cryptography, teleportation, and dense coding. Various approaches to harnessing the power of quantum parallelism are explained, including Shor's algorithm, Grover's algorithm, and Hogg's algorithms. We conclude with a discussion of quantum error correction.
description: 45 pages. To appear in ACM Computing Surveys. LATEX file. Exposition improved throughout thanks to reviewers' comments
Asymptotics of polynomials and eigenfunctions
Creators: name: Zelditch, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P20, 30C15, 32A25, 58J40, 60D05, 81S10, 14M25

description: We review some recent results on asymptotic properties of polynomials of large degree, of general holomorphic sections of high powers of positive line bundles over Kahler manifolds, and of Laplace eigenfunctions of large eigenvalue on compact Riemannian manifolds. We describe statistical patterns in the zeros, critical points and L^p norms of random polynomials and holomorphic sections, and the influence of the Newton polytope on these patterns. For eigenfunctions, we discuss L^p norms and mass concentration of individual eigenfunctions and their relation to dynamics of the geodesic flow.
Sphex stadelmanni subsp. integer
Creators: name: Dollfuss, H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Sphex
Sphex stadelmanni
Sphex stadelmanni integer (arnold 1928)

description: Sphex stadelmanni integer (ARNOLD 1928) 8, 13
N o t e: The males of this species are characterized by the shape of genitalia and are easy to determine, the females can be only hypothethically assigned to this species.
K e n y a:1, Taita Hills Wundanyi, 5.-10.IV.1997, leg. Ma. Halada.
M a l a w i: 2, 85 km SE Lilongwe Dezda, 5.-12.I.2002, leg. J. Halada.
R S A:1, 2, Mpumalanga, 20 km NW Nelspruit, 26.XI.2003, leg. J. Halada; 1, Kwaza Zulu Natal-NE, 20 km S Emanguzi, 3.XII.2002, leg. Ma. Halada; 1, 1, Kwaza Zulu Natal, Mbazwana, 6.XII.2002, leg. Ma. Halada.
V a r i a t i o n: The legs of these females and males are dark-reddish, but male genitales are identically shaped like the specimens obove.
K e n y a:1, 6, Taita Hills Wundanyi, 5.-10.IV.1997, leg. Ma. Halada; 2, 3, Taita Hills Wundanyi, 18.-22.III.1997, leg. Ma. Halada.
description: Published as part of Dollfuss, H., 2008, The Sphecini Wasps of the Genera Chilosphex BOHART & MENKE, Isodontia PATTON, Palmodes KOHL, Prionyx VANDER LINDEN and Sphex LINNAEUS of the " Biologiezentrum Linz " - Collection in Linz, Austria, (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Sphecidae), pp. 1399-1434 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1432, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431130
Sorting Methods and Adaptive Thresholding for Histogram Based Reversible Data Hiding
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Ammar
name: Nakhkash, Mansour
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a histogram based reversible data hiding (RDH) scheme, which divides image pixels into different cell frequency bands to sort them for data embedding. Data hiding is more efficient in lower cell frequency bands because it provides more accurate prediction. Using pixel existence probability in some pixels of ultra-low cell frequency band, another sorting is performed. Employing these two novel sorting methods in combination with the hiding intensity analysis that determines optimum prediction error, we improve the quality of the marked image especially for low embedding capacities. In effect, comparing to existent RDH algorithms, the hiding capacity is increased for a specific level of the distortion for the marked image. Experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm outperforms state of the art ones.
Chlaeniellus tristis
Creators: name: Kesdek, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Chlaeniellus
Chlaeniellus tristis

description: Chlaeniellus tristis (SCHALLER 1783)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Bingöl:Karlıova, Aşağıelmalı, 1680 m, 10.VIII.2005,. Erzurum: 1850 m, 15.VII.1997,. Iğdır: Tuzluca, Çincevat, 1050 m, 16.V.2005,.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: North-West Africa, Middle Asia, Europe, Caucasia, Ciscaucasia, Siberia, Armenia, China, Iran, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Tadjikistan, Turkey, Ukraine and Uzbekistan (CSIKI 1931; GUÉORGUIEV & GUÉORGUIEV 1995; KRYZHANOVSKIJ et al. 1995; CASALE & TAGLIANTI 1999; NECULISEANU & MATALIN 2000).
description: Published as part of Kesdek, M., 2008, Contribution to the knowledge of Carabidae fauna of Turkey. Part 9: Callistini and Licinini (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Callistinae), pp. 1579-1584 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1580, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431640
Perturbative Corrections to Heavy Quark-Diquark Symmetry Predictions for Doubly Heavy Baryon Hyperfine Splittings
Creators: name: Mehen, Thomas
name: Mohapatra, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doubly heavy baryons $\left(QQq\right)$ and singly heavy antimesons $\left(\bar{Q}q\right)$ are related by the heavy quark-diquark (HQDQ) symmetry because in the $m_Q \to \infty$ limit, the light degrees of freedom in both the hadrons are expected to be in identical configurations. Hyperfine splittings of the ground states in both systems are nonvanishing at $O(1/m_Q)$ in the heavy quark mass expansion and HQDQ symmetry relates the hyperfine splittings in the two sectors. In this paper, working within the framework of Non-Relativistic QCD (NRQCD), we point out the existence of an operator that couples four heavy quark fields to the chromomagnetic field with a coefficient that is enhanced by a factor from Coulomb exchange. This operator gives a correction to doubly heavy baryon hyperfine splittings that scales as $1/m_Q^2 \times α_S/r$, where $r$ is the separation between the heavy quarks in the diquark. This correction can be calculated analytically in the extreme heavy quark limit in which the potential between the quarks in the diquark is Coulombic. In this limit, the correction is $O(α_s^2/m_Q)$ and comes with a small coefficient. For values of $α_s$ relevant to doubly charm and doubly bottom systems, the correction to the hyperfine splittings in doubly heavy baryons is only a few percent or smaller. We also argue that nonperturbative corrections to the prediction for the hyperfine splittings are suppressed by $Λ^2_{\rm QCD}/m_Q^2$ rather than $Λ_{\rm QCD}/m_Q$. Corrections should be $\approx 10\%$ in the charm sector and smaller in heavier systems.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, Added Section III and updated references and author name. Journal version
Nonparametric Methods with Total Variation Type Regularization
Creators: name: Veeranjaneyulu Sadhanala
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We consider two special cases of the classical nonparametric regression problem of estimating a function f : Rd --> R given n noisy observations at inputs x1, ..., xn E Rd  . In the first case, the input points correspond to nodes on a d-dimensional regular lattice (having equal side lengths n1=d). We defi ne two new higher-order TV classes with signals which are allowed to exhibit different amounts of smoothness at different regions in the lattice, and derive lower bounds on their minimax estimation errors. We analyze two naturally associated estimators and show that they are rate optimal over the appropriate
classes. Linear smoothers are shown to be minimax suboptimal over these TV classes.
In the second case, we consider additive models built with kth order trend fi lters resulting in kth degree piecewise polynomial components. We derive fast error rates for additive trend filtering and prove that these rates are minimax optimal when the underlying function is
itself additive and has component functions whose derivatives have bounded kth order TV.
We show that such rates are unattainable by additive models built from linear smoothers. We also study an extension of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) two-sample test, which can be more sensitive to differences in the tails. Our test statistic is an integral probability metric (IPM) de ned over a higher-order total variation ball, recovering the original KS test as its simplest case.
Sinoflavonoids NJ and NK, anti-inflammatory prenylated flavonoids from the fruits of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle
Creators: name: Wang, Junyang
name: Li, Han
name: Li, Yanhui
name: Yang, Aiping
name: Bao, Sheng
name: Zhang, Yuntian
name: Du, Qing
name: Zheng, Zongping
name: Wang, Xiachang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Two new prenylated flavonoids named sinoflavonoids NJ and NK (1–2), along with ten known compounds were isolated from the fruits of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle. The chemical structures were determined through NMR spectroscopic data and MS analysis. Sinoflavonoid NJ (1) with an unusual 5,11-dioxabenzo[b]fluoren-10-one skeleton was firstly reported from Berberidaceae. The isolated flavonoids were tested with LPS-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages model for their anti-inflammatory activity. Sinoflavonoid NJ (1) showed the most potent inhibition on nitric oxide production with IC50 value as 0.06 μM.
title: Australia, Taiwan and the PRC: Evolving Relations
Creators: name: Papadimos, Andrew
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Australia
subject: Taiwan
subject: People's republic of China
subject: International relations

description: In December 1972 the Australian government recognised the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) at the cost of breaking off all official contacts with Taiwan. Despite the initial shock to Australia-Taiwan relations of derecognition, trade contacts between Australia and Taiwan have continued to flourish, and in recent years, political relations between the two have also been improving. This thesis examines reasons behind the recent improvements in Australia-Taiwan relations and ways in which such improvements have been implemented - given the constraints that Australia has no official contacts with Taiwan. With its main focus as trade, this thesis shows that Taiwan's importance to Australia has been slowly evolving such that Taiwan is at present a more important and reliable trading partner to Australia than is the PRC. Improvements have been occurring in Australia-Taiwan political relations, therefore, primarily as a consequence of Taiwan's growing importanÃ©e in the Australian marketplace.
Some new results in random matrices over finite fields
Creators: name: Luh, Kyle
name: Meehan, Sean
name: Nguyen, Hoi H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we give various characterizations of random walks with possibly different steps that have relatively large discrepancy from the uniform distribution modulo a prime p, and use these results to study the distribution of the rank of random matrices over F_p and the equi-distribution behavior of normal vectors of random hyperplanes. We also study the probability that a random square matrix is eigenvalue-free, or when its characteristic polynomial is divisible by a given irreducible polynomial in the limit n to infinity in F_p. We show that these statistics are universal, extending results of Stong and Neumann-Praeger beyond the uniform model.
description: 39 pages, typos corrected, title changed
Notes on LR Parser Design
Creators: name: Samuelsson, Christer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design of an LR parser based on interleaving the atomic symbol processing of a context-free backbone grammar with the full constraints of the underlying unification grammar is described. The parser employs a set of reduced constraints derived from the unification grammar in the LR parsing step. Gap threading is simulated to reduce the applicability of empty productions.
description: 5 pages, uuncoded, gzipped PostScript
Using Machine Learning for Time Series to Elucidate Sentence Processing in the Brain
Creators: name: Rafidi, Nicole
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Language comprehension is a crucial human ability, but many questions remain unanswered about the processing of sentences. Specifically, how can sentences that are structured differently, e.g. “The woman helped the man.” and “The man was helped by the woman.” map to the same proposition? High temporal resolution neuroimaging,
coupled with machine learning can potentially provide answers. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) we can measure the activity of many neurons at a rate of 1kHz while humans read sentences. With machine learning, we can decode sentence attributes from the neural activity and gain insight into the inner computations of the brain during sentence comprehension. We collected data from subjects reading active and passive voice sentences in two experiments: a pilot and a confirmation set The pilot set constituted a testbed for optimizing the application of machine learning to MEG data, and was used for
exploratory analysis to generate data-driven hypotheses. The confirmation set allowed for confirmation of these hypotheses via replication. Through exploration of the pilot data set, we are able to make several concrete
recommendations on the optimal application of machine learning to MEG data. Specifically, we demonstrate that by combining data from multiple human subjects
as additional features, classifier performance is significantly improved, even without additional data samples. Furthermore we show that while test set signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is critical for classifier performance, training set SNR has limited impact on performance. We achieve near-perfect classification accuracy on a wide range of decoding tasks from neural activity. We also explored a non-machine learning technique, representational similarity analysis (RSA) that is quite popular for analyzing neuroimaging data, and show that by combining data across subjects we can again greatly improve performance. We examine how sentence processing differs between active and passive sentences by showing the information flow over time during the reading of each type of sentence. We additionally explore post-sentence wrap-up activity that carries information about syntax and integrated semantics of the sentence being read. We compare the ability of models that separate syntax, semantics, and integration to explain
neural activity during the post-sentence time period. Our results provide converging evidence that after a sentence is read, its syntactic structure is processed, followed by
a semantic integration of sentence meaning. These results refine previous theories of sentence processing as a purely incremental process by revealing the existence of
a post-sentence wrap-up period.
Gauging permutation symmetries as a route to non-Abelian fractons
Creators: name: Prem, Abhinav
name: Williamson, Dominic J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the procedure for gauging on-site $\mathbb{Z}_2$ global symmetries of three-dimensional lattice Hamiltonians that permute quasi-particles and provide general arguments demonstrating the non-Abelian character of the resultant gauged theories. We then apply this general procedure to lattice models of several well known fracton phases: two copies of the X-Cube model, two copies of Haah's cubic code, and the checkerboard model. Where the former two models possess an on-site $\mathbb{Z}_2$ layer exchange symmetry, that of the latter is generated by the Hadamard gate. For each of these models, upon gauging, we find non-Abelian subdimensional excitations, including non-Abelian fractons, as well as non-Abelian looplike excitations and Abelian fully mobile pointlike excitations. By showing that the looplike excitations braid non-trivially with the subdimensional excitations, we thus discover a novel gapped quantum order in 3D, which we term a "panoptic" fracton order. This points to the existence of parent states in 3D from which both topological quantum field theories and fracton states may descend via quasi-particle condensation. The gauged cubic code model represents the first example of a gapped 3D phase supporting (inextricably) non-Abelian fractons that are created at the corners of fractal operators.
description: Submission to SciPost. Author order is swappable. v3: minor clarifications added
Identifying Vocal-Motor Behaviors of Joint Engagement in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Parents
Creators: Yamane, Natasha M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Children with autism spectrum disorders
Parent and child
Motor ability
Dyadic analysis (Social sciences)
Clinical psychology
Counseling psychology

description: Impairments in joint engagement (JE), the triadic arrangement between a parent and a child around a shared object or event, have been vastly studied as a hallmark of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, a majority of existing work on JE has used primarily global measures of social behaviors derived from prior work on joint attention skills. To address this limitation, we developed the Vocal-Motor Coding System (VMCS), a novel coding system that integrates motoric variables of Proximity, Orientation, and Object–Touch, as well as vocal variables of Loudness and Rhythmicity (i.e., vocalization, pause, and switching pause). The VMCS was applied to code a joint-attention task completed by 20 parent-child dyads, including 10 with typical development (TD) and 10 with ASD. The criterion validity of the VMCS was assessed against an established coding system for JE, revealing a number of significant correlations (p < 0.05) between motoric behaviors and child engagement states and between vocal behaviors and parental attention-directing strategies. Although no significant differences were found between vocal-motor behaviors of dyads with TD and ASD, we found strong, positive associations within the ASD group among the frequencies and durations of dyadic motoric behaviors with parental vocal behaviors. Specifically, close proximity was strongly related to parental loudness (ρ = –0.90) and switching pauses of parents (ρ = 0.89) and children (ρ = 0.93). Findings support the viability of the VMCS as an instrument for coding JE using discrete vocal-motor measures, and point toward its utility in characterizing strategies used by parents to achieve JE with their children.
Gender, Sex, and Power: The Public Health Implications of Excluding Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in HIV Programming
Creators: Morse-Karzen, Bridget Audrey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Reproductive health
Sexual health
Sex workers
HIV (Viruses)--Transmission--Prevention
Public health
Public health--Education

description: Female sex workers (FSW) are one of the five populations identified by UNAIDS as being at highest risk for HIV. Due to this increased risk, HIV interventions targeted at FSW are common practice in national-level HIV prevention efforts. While these efforts appropriately work to provide FSW with comprehensive sexual health education, access to reproductive technologies, and social support, they fail to address a critical component of their everyday lives: male clientele. Male clients of FSW are a key bridging population, meaning that they play a crucial role in transmitting HIV from high-risk core groups to non-core groups, such as their wives, girlfriends, or other sexual partners. Despite this, male clients of FSW are rarely targeted by HIV interventions. Focusing all HIV programmatic energy on FSW and excluding male clients is a misstep that places a dual burden on female sex workers; not only are FSW expected to learn safe sex practices, they are also deemed responsible for ensuring that these safe sex practices are followed by their male clientele. These negotiations frequently occur in social environments where male clients hold more power than FSW due to gender norms that shape the policies, economic opportunities, healthcare access, and social support sex workers receive. In order to more effectively decrease the transmission of HIV, the male clients of FSW need to be targeted by HIV interventions. This is especially needed in Eastern and Southern Africa, which is home to 54% of individuals living with HIV globally, despite having only 6% of the world’s population. Overall, the most successful HIV interventions will target male clients and FSW, and will also work to support the communities that these individuals are a part of. HIV interventions should be holistic and employ a broad, multi-pronged approach that addresses the medical, financial, social and legal factors that contribute to creating an environment that heightens HIV transmission between FSW and their male clients.
Blindfolded monkeys or financial analysts: who is worth your money? New evidence on informational inefficiencies in the U.S. stock market
Creators: name: Pernagallo, Giuseppe
name: Torrisi, Benedetto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The efficient market hypothesis has been considered one of the most controversial arguments in finance, with the academia divided between who claims the impossibility of beating the market and who believes that it is possible to gain over the average profits. If the hypothesis holds, it means, as suggested by Burton Malkiel, that a blindfolded monkey selecting stocks by throwing darts at a newspaper's financial pages could perform as well as a financial analyst, or even better. In this paper we use a novel approach, based on confidence intervals for proportions, to assess the degree of inefficiency in the S&P 500 Index components concluding that several stocks are inefficient: we estimated the proportion of inefficient stocks in the index to be between 12.13% and 27.87%. This supports other studies proving that a financial analyst, probably, is a better investor than a blindfolded monkey.
Emerging Issues in Sexual Health: Mycoplasma Genitalium and ‘Stealthing’
Creators: name: LATIMER, ROSIE LOUISE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine

description: This thesis examines two emerging issues in sexual health; Mycoplasma genitalium, a relatively recently discovered STI, and ‘stealthing’, a recently discussed sexual practice. Overall, the thesis has contributed to the international literature on the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium, and its contribution to clinical presentations in men and women, including PID and co-infection, and provides the first estimates of ‘stealthing’ in a large population of sexual health attendees.
Periodically Driven Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev Models
Creators: name: Kuhlenkamp, Clemens
name: Knap, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodically driven quantum matter can realize exotic dynamical phases. In order to understand how ubiquitous and robust these phases are, it is pertinent to investigate the heating dynamics of generic interacting quantum systems. Here we study the thermalization in a periodically-driven generalized Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK)-model, which realizes a crossover from a heavy Fermi liquid (FL) to a non-Fermi liquid (NFL) at a tunable energy scale. Developing an exact field theoretic approach, we determine two distinct regimes in the heating dynamics. While the NFL heats exponentially and thermalizes rapidly, we report that the presence of quasi-particles in the heavy FL obstructs heating and thermalization over comparatively long time scales. Prethermal high-frequency dynamics and possible experimental realizations of non-equilibrium SYK physics are discussed as well.
description: 6+4 pages, 4+3 figures; expanded and revised version
Phortica (Phortica) pasohensis Chen & Toda 2007, new species
Creators: name: Chen, Hong-Wei
name: Toda, Masanori J.
name: Lakim, Maklarin B.
name: Mohamed, Maryati B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Phortica
Phortica pasohensis

description: Phortica (Phortica) pasohensis Chen & Toda, new species
(Figs. 50–53)
  Diagnosis.  – Aedeagal median rod subbasally with single, apically symmetrically bifurcated process (Fig. 53); aedeagal ventral bridge distally expanded (Fig. 53); aedeagal basal bridge with small flap bearing 2 acute projections anteriorly and medioventrally (Fig. 53).
  Material examined. –  Holotype male, MALAYSIA: Pasoh, Selangor, Malaya, coll. N. Osawa, 2–9 May.1995 (FRIM).
  Decription. –  Male. Thorax: Orange yellow. Scutellum with trifurcate brown patch, pale yellow on tip.
Wing: Hyaline.
Legs: All femora partly brown. Midleg tibia subapically with 2-4 longer setae on anterior surface.
Abdomen: First to fifth tergites yellow; second tergite with brown patches submedially; third to fifth tergites each with medially slightly protruded, brown band on posterior margin and 1 pair of yellow patches laterally; sixth tergite nearly entirely dark except yellow medial line, with expanded lobe on lateral margin.
Male terminalia: Epandrium pubescent anteroventrally and dorsomedially, with ca. 12 setae on dorsal to posterolateral portion per side (Fig. 50). Surstylus with pubescence basally and several wedge-shaped prensisetae on apical margin to inner surface (Fig. 51). Additional plate between cerci and 10th sternite pubescent, medially connected to 10th sternite (Fig. 52). Posterolateral lobe of hypandrium undeveloped. Paramere expanded distally, pubescent between medial and proximal processes; apical process with 1 sensillum; medial process with 1 sensillum and 2 teeth (Fig. 53). Vertical process of gonopods apically with 4-5 sclerotized projections per side (Fig. 53). Aedeagus with 2 pairs of bridges (Fig. 53).
Female: Unknown.
Measurements: BL = 3.47 mm in holotype; ThL = 1.76 mm; WL = 2.60 mm; WW = 1.24 mm.
Indices: arb = 5-6/3-4, avd = 0.60, adf = 1.80, flw = 1.70, FW/HW = 0.38, ch/o = 0.06, prorb = 1.10, rcorb = 0.45, vb = 0.45, dcl = 0.65, presctl = 0.70, sctl = 1.05, sterno = 0.85, orbito = 1.40, dcp = 0.23, sctlp = 1.10, C = 1.90, 4c = 1.67, 4v = 2.67, 5x = 1.33, ac =4.00, M = 0.67, C3F = 0.70.
  Etymology. –  Pertaining to the type locality.
  Distribution.  – Malaysia (Malaya).
  Remarks.  – This species is very similar to P. (P.) expansa in the morphology of male terminalia, but can be distinguished from it by the diagnostic characters.
description: Published as part of Chen, Hong-Wei, Toda, Masanori J., Lakim, Maklarin B. & Mohamed, Maryati B., 2007, The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia, pp. 23-41 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 55 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5333042
title: Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds from Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants with a Focus on Novel Anticancer Compounds
Creators: name: Akter, Raushanara
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Bangladeshi medicinal plants
subject: Novel Anticancer Compounds
subject: Blumera lacera
subject: Avicennia alba
subject: Caesalpinia pulcherrima
subject: Diospyros peregrina
subject: Ecbolium viride
subject: Jasminum sambac
subject: Clitoria terantea
subject: Saraca asoca.
subject: Plant cytotoxicity

description: The present study describes the bioactivity guided isolation and structural elucidation of novel anticancer compounds from the Bangladeshi medicinal plant Blumera lacera. At the outset nineteen Bangladeshi medicinal plants were selected and collected from different parts of Bangladesh. Plants underwent preliminary cytotoxicity screening based on their traditional medicinal uses, limited previous research on them, and their availability. The selected plants were extracted with methanol and screened for their cytotoxic potential using the MTT assay against two healthy cell lines (mouse fibroblast (NIH3T3), a healthy monkey kidney (VERO)) and four cancer cell lines namely, gastric (AGS), colon (HT-29), two breast (estrogen-dependent: MCF-7 and estrogen non-dependent: MDA-MB-231). Preliminary cytotoxicity assessment led to the identification of seven plants with significant cytotoxic potential, having IC50 < 1.0 mg/mL against a minimum of one cancer cell line. The identified plants were: Avicennia alba, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Diospyros peregrina, Ecbolium viride, Jasminum sambac, Clitoria terantea, and Saraca asoca. The bioactivity detected correlated with their traditional uses as anticancer agents. Comparing cytotoxicity effects of the selected plants with that of Blumea lacera which was previously screened for cytotoxic potential in our research lab, Blumea lacera was found to be more cytotoxic and thus selected for bioassay-guided isolation of constituents.