cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ELGAR -- a European Laboratory for Gravitation and Atom-interferometric Research
Creators: name: Canuel, B.
name: Abend, S.
name: Amaro-Seoane, P.
name: Badaracco, F.
name: Beaufils, Q.
name: Bertoldi, A.
name: Bongs, K.
name: Bouyer, P.
name: Braxmaier, C.
name: Chaibi, W.
name: Christensen, N.
name: Fitzek, F.
name: Flouris, G.
name: Gaaloul, N.
name: Gaffet, S.
name: Alzar, C. L. Garrido
name: Geiger, R.
name: Guellati-Khelifa, S.
name: Hammerer, K.
name: Harms, J.
name: Hinderer, J.
name: Junca, J.
name: Katsanevas, S.
name: Klempt, C.
name: Kozanitis, C.
name: Krutzik, M.
name: Landragin, A.
name: Roche, I. Làzaro
name: Leykauf, B.
name: Lien, Y. -H.
name: Loriani, S.
name: Merlet, S.
name: Merzougui, M.
name: Nofrarias, M.
name: Papadakos, P.
name: Pereira, F.
name: Peters, A.
name: Plexousakis, D.
name: Prevedelli, M.
name: Rasel, E.
name: Rogister, Y.
name: Rosat, S.
name: Roura, A.
name: Sabulsky, D. O.
name: Schkolnik, V.
name: Schlippert, D.
name: Schubert, C.
name: Sidorenkov, L.
name: Siemß, J. -N.
name: Sopuerta, C. F.
name: Sorrentino, F.
name: Struckmann, C.
name: Tino, G. M.
name: Tsagkatakis, G.
name: Viceré, A.
name: von Klitzing, W.
name: Woerner, L.
name: Zou, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational Waves (GWs) were observed for the first time in 2015, one century after Einstein predicted their existence. There is now growing interest to extend the detection bandwidth to low frequency. The scientific potential of multi-frequency GW astronomy is enormous as it would enable to obtain a more complete picture of cosmic events and mechanisms. This is a unique and entirely new opportunity for the future of astronomy, the success of which depends upon the decisions being made on existing and new infrastructures. The prospect of combining observations from the future space-based instrument LISA together with third generation ground based detectors will open the way towards multi-band GW astronomy, but will leave the infrasound (0.1 Hz to 10 Hz) band uncovered. GW detectors based on matter wave interferometry promise to fill such a sensitivity gap. We propose the European Laboratory for Gravitation and Atom-interferometric Research (ELGAR), an underground infrastructure based on the latest progress in atomic physics, to study space-time and gravitation with the primary goal of detecting GWs in the infrasound band. ELGAR will directly inherit from large research facilities now being built in Europe for the study of large scale atom interferometry and will drive new pan-European synergies from top research centers developing quantum sensors. ELGAR will measure GW radiation in the infrasound band with a peak strain sensitivity of $4.1 \times 10^{-22}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ at 1.7 Hz. The antenna will have an impact on diverse fundamental and applied research fields beyond GW astronomy, including gravitation, general relativity, and geology.
Bright common envelope formation requires jets
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I compared with each other and with observations three energy sources to power intermediate luminosity optical transients (ILOTs) and conclude that only jets can power bright ILOTs with rapidly rising lightcurves. I present an expression for the power of the jets that a main sequence secondary star launches as it enters a common envelope evolution (CEE) with a primary giant star. The expression includes the Keplerian orbital period on the surface of the primary star, its total envelope mass, and the ratio of masses. I show that the shock that the secondary star excites in the envelope of the primary star cannot explain bright peaks in the lightcurves of ILOTs, and that powering by jets does much better in accounting for rapidly rising, about 10 days and less, peaks in the lightcurves of ILOTs than the recombination energy of the ejected mass. I strengthen previous claims that jets powered the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, which was a luminous variable major eruption, and the luminous red novae (LRNe) V838 Mon and V1309 Scorpii. I therefore predict that the ejecta (nebula) of V1309 Scorpii will be observed in a decade or two to be bipolar. My main conclusion is that only jets can power a bright peak with a short rising time of ILOTs (LRNe) at CEE formation.
description: Accepted for publication in the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Ilias Chrissochoidis, Music Works, Sketches, and Exercises, 1988-1999
Creators: name: Chrissochoidis, Ilias
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2026
Subjects: subject: Music
subject: Music exams
subject: Musical sketches

description: Manuscripts of complete and unfinished music works and sketches. Thessaloniki, 1988-1992. University of Liverpool, 1992-1994. King's College London, 1994-1996. Stanford University, 1996-1999.
Time Scales in Epidemiological Analysis: An Empirical Comparison
Creators: name: Chalise, Prabhakar
name: Chicken, Eric
name: McGee, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Cox proportional hazards model is routinely used to analyze time-to-event data. To use this model requires the definition of a unique well-defined time scale. Most often, observation time is used as the time scale for both clinical and observational studies. Recently after a suggestion that it may be a more appropriate scale, chronological age has begun to appear as the time scale used in some reports. There appears to be no general consensus about which time scale is appropriate for any given analysis. It has been suggested that if the baseline hazard is exponential or if the age-at-entry is independent of covariates used in the model, then the two time scales provide similar results. In this report we provide an empirical examination of the results using the two different time scales using a large collection of data sets to examine the relationship between systolic blood pressure and coronary heart disease death (CHD death). We demonstrate, in this empirical example that the two time-scales can lead to differing results even when these two conditions appear to hold.
Conformal invariance in three dimensional percolation
Creators: name: Gori, G.
name: Trombettoni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the paper is to present numerical results supporting the presence of conformal invariance in three dimensional statistical mechanics models at criticality and to elucidate the geometric aspects of universality. As a case study we study three dimensional percolation at criticality in bounded domains. Both on discrete and continuous models of critical percolation, we test by numerical experiments the invariance of quantities in finite domains under conformal transformations focusing on crossing probabilities. Our results show clear evidence of the onset of conformal invariance in finite realizations especially for the continuum percolation models. Finally we propose a simple analytical function approximating the crossing probability among two spherical caps on the surface of a sphere and confront it with the numerical results.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, references added
Ferro Carril Do Prata: reflexões sobre a documentação e preservação do patrimônio ferroviário na Amazônia Brasileira
Creators: name: de Fatima Farias da Rosa, Larisse
name: Olegário Palácios, Flávia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O Ramal de Santo Antônio do Prata foi uma das linhas de extensão da antiga Estrada de Ferro de Bragança (EFB) (1884-1965), a primeira ferrovia construída na Amazônia brasileira. A linha férrea foi implantada para facilitar o acesso ao Instituto de Santo Antônio do Prata, sediado na cidade Igarapé-Açú no Estado do Pará. A instituição foi fundada no período da Proclamação da Primeira República Brasileira (1889), por José Paes de Carvalho. A entidade tinha como missão cuidar de crianças órfãs, sendo dirigida pela Ordem religiosa dos Capuchinhos. Após a realização de estudos referentes às demandas do Instituto e dos habitantes das regiões próximas, iniciaram a construção de um dos ramais mais extensos da ferrovia. O intitulado Ferro Carril do Prata foi composto por técnicas construtivas interessantes, entre essas, a Arquitetura do Ferro. A presente pesquisa visa elencar os componentes arquitetônicos remanescentes do antigo Ramal de Santo Antônio do Prata, que documentam técnicas construtivas de um período, que ao longo do tempo foram sendo esquecidas, principalmente no que tange o patrimônio de procedência industrial e ferroviário. A documentação trata-se de uma das etapas de suma importância para o processo de conservação e restauro de um bem cultural, tendo em vista que, antes de qualquer intervenção no patrimônio cultural se faz necessário estudo detalhado de dados históricos e desenvolvimento de dados documentais. Assim, a metodologia foi baseada no uso de fontes primárias: Relatórios Oficiais da Província, periódicos, entre outras obras da época (início do século XX), tais dados são importantes para subsidiar a etapa de documentação dos itens remanescentes do antigo Ferro Carril do Prata. No tocante ao alcance da pesquisa, estima-se contribuir para a o processo de documentação dos itens remanescentes do Ferro Carril do Prata, que foi um ramal ferroviário relevante para a primeira ferrovia implantada na Amazônia brasileira a EFB. Portanto, conclui-se a importância de pesquisas desenvolvidas no interior da Amazônia brasileira para subsidiar intervenções restaurativas adequadas para os bens culturais da região.
Network Coding-based Routing and Spectrum Allocation in Elastic Optical Networks for Enhanced Physical Layer Security
Creators: name: Savva, Giannis
name: Manousakis, Konstantinos
name: Ellinas, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, an eavesdropping-aware routing and spectrum allocation approach is proposed utilizing network coding (NC) in elastic optical networks (EONs). To provide physical layer security in EONs and secure the confidential connections against eavesdropping attacks using NC, the signals of the confidential connections are combined (XOR-ed) with other signals at different nodes in their path, while transmitted through the network. The combination of signals through NC significantly increases the security of confidential connections, since an eavesdropper must access all individual signals, traversing different links, in order to decrypt the combined signal. A novel heuristic approach is proposed, that solves the combined network coding and routing and spectrum allocation (NC-RSA) problem, that also takes into account additional NC constraints that are required in order to consider a confidential connection as secure. Different routing and spectrum allocation strategies are proposed, aiming to maximize the level of security provided for the confidential demands, followed by an extensive performance evaluation of each approach in terms of the level of security provided, as well as the spectrum utilization and blocking probability, under different network parameters. Performance results demonstrate that the proposed approaches can provide efficient solutions in terms of network performance, while providing the level of security required for each demand.
Ferro Carril Do Prata: Reflexões Sobre A Documentação E Preservação Do Patrimônio Ferroviário Na Amazônia Brasileira
Creators: name: Larisse de Fatima Farias da Rosa
name: Flávia Olegário Palácios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O Ramal de Santo Antônio do Prata foi uma das linhas de extensão da antiga Estrada de Ferro de Bragança (EFB) (1884-1965), a primeira ferrovia construída na Amazônia brasileira. A linha férrea foi implantada para facilitar o acesso ao Instituto de Santo Antônio do Prata, sediado na cidade Igarapé-Açú no Estado do Pará. A instituição foi fundada no período da Proclamação da Primeira República Brasileira (1889), por José Paes de Carvalho. A entidade tinha como missão cuidar de crianças órfãs, sendo dirigida pela Ordem religiosa dos Capuchinhos. Após a realização de estudos referentes às demandas do Instituto e dos habitantes das regiões próximas, iniciaram a construção de um dos ramais mais extensos da ferrovia. O intitulado Ferro Carril do Prata foi composto por técnicas construtivas interessantes, entre essas, a Arquitetura do Ferro. A presente pesquisa visa elencar os componentes arquitetônicos remanescentes do antigo Ramal de Santo Antônio do Prata, que documentam técnicas construtivas de um período, que ao longo do tempo foram sendo esquecidas, principalmente no que tange o patrimônio de procedência industrial e ferroviário. A documentação trata-se de uma das etapas de suma importância para o processo de conservação e restauro de um bem cultural, tendo em vista que, antes de qualquer intervenção no patrimônio cultural se faz necessário estudo detalhado de dados históricos e desenvolvimento de dados documentais. Assim, a metodologia foi baseada no uso de fontes primárias: Relatórios Oficiais da Província, periódicos, entre outras obras da época (início do século XX), tais dados são importantes para subsidiar a etapa de documentação dos itens remanescentes do antigo Ferro Carril do Prata. No tocante ao alcance da pesquisa, estima-se contribuir para a o processo de documentação dos itens remanescentes do Ferro Carril do Prata, que foi um ramal ferroviário relevante para a primeira ferrovia implantada na Amazônia brasileira a EFB. Portanto, conclui-se a importância de pesquisas desenvolvidas no interior da Amazônia brasileira para subsidiar intervenções restaurativas adequadas para os bens culturais da região.
RSpell: Retrieval-augmented Framework for Domain Adaptive Chinese Spelling Check
Creators: name: Song, Siqi
name: Lv, Qi
name: Geng, Lei
name: Cao, Ziqiang
name: Fu, Guohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Chinese Spelling Check (CSC) refers to the detection and correction of spelling errors in Chinese texts. In practical application scenarios, it is important to make CSC models have the ability to correct errors across different domains. In this paper, we propose a retrieval-augmented spelling check framework called RSpell, which searches corresponding domain terms and incorporates them into CSC models. Specifically, we employ pinyin fuzzy matching to search for terms, which are combined with the input and fed into the CSC model. Then, we introduce an adaptive process control mechanism to dynamically adjust the impact of external knowledge on the model. Additionally, we develop an iterative strategy for the RSpell framework to enhance reasoning capabilities. We conducted experiments on CSC datasets in three domains: law, medicine, and official document writing. The results demonstrate that RSpell achieves state-of-the-art performance in both zero-shot and fine-tuning scenarios, demonstrating the effectiveness of the retrieval-augmented CSC framework. Our code is available at https://github.com/47777777/Rspell.
Engineering polar discontinuities in honeycomb lattices
Creators: name: Gibertini, Marco
name: Pizzi, Giovanni
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unprecedented and fascinating phenomena have been recently observed at oxide interfaces between centrosymmetric cubic materials, such as LaAlO$_3$ and SrTiO$_3$, where a polar discontinuity across the boundary gives rise to polarization charges and electric fields that drive a metal-insulator transition, with the appearance of free carriers at the interface. Two-dimensional analogues of these systems are possible, and honeycomb lattices could offer a fertile playground, thanks to their versatility and the extensive on-going experimental efforts in graphene and related materials. Here we suggest different realistic pathways to engineer polar discontinuities across interfaces between honeycomb lattices, and support these suggestions with extensive first-principles calculations. Two broad approaches are discussed, that are based on (i) nanoribbons, where a polar discontinuity against the vacuum emerges, and (ii) selective functionalizations, where covalent ligands are used to engineer polar discontinuities by selective or total functionalization of the parent system. All the cases considered have the potential to deliver innovative applications in ultra-thin and flexible solar-energy devices and in micro- and nano-electronics.
description: 12+epsilon pages, 6 figures
A robust broadband fat suppressing phaser T2 preparation module for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 3T
Creators: name: Arn, Lionel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud B
name: Stuber, Matthias
name: Bastiaansen, Jessica AM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: Designing a new T2 preparation (T2-Prep) module in order to simultaneously provide robust fat suppression and efficient T2 preparation without requiring an additional fat suppression module for T2-weighted imaging at 3T. Methods: The tip-down RF pulse of an adiabatic T2 preparation (T2-Prep) module was replaced by a custom-designed RF excitation pulse that induces a phase difference between water and fat, resulting in a simultaneous T2 preparation of water signals and the suppression of fat signals at the end of the module (now called a phaser adiabatic T2-Prep). Using numerical simulations, in vitro and in vivo ECG-triggered navigator gated acquisitions of the human heart, the blood, myocardium and fat signal-to-noise ratio and right coronary artery (RCA) vessel sharpness using this approach were compared against previously published conventional adiabatic T2-Prep approaches Results: Numerical simulations predicted an increased fat suppression bandwidth and decreased sensitivity against transmit magnetic field inhomogeneities using the proposed approach, while preserving the water T2 preparation capabilities. This was confirmed by the tissue signals acquired on the phantom and the in vivo MRA, which show similar blood and myocardium SNR and CNR and significantly reduced fat SNR compared to the other methods tested. As a result, the RCA conspicuity was significantly increased and the motion artifacts were visually decreased. Conclusion: A novel fat-suppressing T2-preparation method was developed and implemented that demonstrated robust fat suppression and increased vessel sharpness compared with conventional techniques, while preserving its T2 preparation capabilities.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Generation of two-giant-atom entanglement in waveguide-QED systems
Creators: name: Yin, Xian-Li
name: Liao, Jie-Qiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generation of quantum entanglement between two giant atoms coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. Since each giant atom interacts with the waveguide at two separate coupling points, there exist three different coupling configurations in the two-atom waveguide system: separated, braided, and nested couplings. Within the Wigner-Weisskopf framework for single coupling points, the quantum master equations governing the evolution of the two giant atoms are obtained. For each coupling configuration, the entanglement dynamics of the two giant atoms is studied, including the cases of two different atomic initial states: single- and double-excitation states. It is shown that the generated entanglement depends on the coupling configuration, phase shift, and atomic initial state. For the single-excitation initial state, there exists steady-state entanglement for these three couplings due to the appearance of the dark state. For the double-excitation initial state, an entanglement sudden birth is observed via adjusting the phase shift. In particular, the maximal entanglement for the nested coupling is about one order of magnitude larger than those of separate and braided couplings. In addition, the influence of the atomic frequency detuning on the entanglement generation is studied. This work can be utilized for the generation and control of atomic entanglement in quantum networks based on giant-atom waveguide-QED systems, which have wide potential applications in quantum information processing.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2303.14746
Presentation of "Signs of Life" tool by CoNSeRT in Researcher's Night 2022 in Athens
Creators: name: Patrikakis Charalampos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Article on the participation and presentation of "Signs of Life" tool (https://consert.eee.uniwa.gr/2022/10/10/consert-in-researchers-night/)
The standard map: From Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics to Tsallis statistics
Creators: name: Tirnakli, Ugur
name: Borges, Ernesto P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As well known, Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics is the correct way of thermostatistically approaching ergodic systems. On the other hand, nontrivial ergodicity breakdown and strong correlations typically drag the system into out-of-equilibrium states where Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics fails. For a wide class of such systems, it has been shown in recent years that the correct approach is to use Tsallis statistics instead. Here we show how the dynamics of the paradigmatic conservative (area-preserving) standard map exhibits, in an exceptionally clear manner, the crossing from one statistics to the other. Our results unambiguously illustrate the domains of validity of both Boltzmann-Gibbs and Tsallis statistics.
title: Research Activity to Tackle the Challenges in Combustion for Aerospace Propulsion
Creators: name: Dupoirieux, Francis
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2016
Subjects: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION
ROCKET PROPULSION
COMBUSTION
RESEARCH IN COMBUSTION
COMBUSTION FACILITIES
COMBUSTION MODELING

description: The use of combustion for aerospace propulsion is inescapable for the long term. The improvement of the energetic efficiency, safety and reliability, and the compliance with increasingly stringent environmental rules require the enhancement of existing technologies and/or a breakthrough in propulsion devices. A vigorous research activity must be pursued in the field of combustion to meet these goals. This issue of AerospaceLab gives the reader an overview of this intense activity, ranging from experimental to theoretical and numerical work.
description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 11, June 2016; ISSN: 2107-6596
Exact Path Integral for 3D Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Iizuka, Norihiro
name: Tanaka, Akinori
name: Terashima, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three dimensional Euclidean pure gravity with a negative cosmological constant can be formulated in terms of the Chern-Simons theory, classically. This theory can be written in a supersymmetric way by introducing auxiliary gauginos and scalars. We calculate the exact partition function of this Chern-Simons theory by using the localization technique. Thus, we obtain the quantum gravity partition function, assuming that it can be obtained non-perturbatively by summing over partition functions of the Chern-Simons theory on topologically different manifolds. The resultant partition function is modular invariant, and in the case in which the central charge is expected to be 24, it is the J-function, predicted by Witten.
description: 5 pages. v2: boundary fermion argument added. v3: shorter version for Physical Review Letters
Motions of a connected subgraph representing a swarm of robots inside a graph of work stations
Creators: name: Atilano, Aarón
name: Bejos, Sebastian
name: Rubio-Montiel, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C40, 05E18, 94C15

description: Imagine that a swarm of robots is given, these robots must communicate with each other, and they can do so if certain conditions are met. We say that the swarm is connected if there is at least one way to send a message between each pair of robots. A robot can move from a work station to another only if the connectivity of the swarm is preserved in order to perform some tasks. We model the problem via graph theory, we study connected subgraphs and how to motion them inside a connected graph preserving the connectivity. We determine completely the group of movements.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures
Voucher Abuse Detection with Prompt-based Fine-tuning on Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Wen, Zhihao
name: Fang, Yuan
name: Liu, Yihan
name: Guo, Yang
name: Hao, Shuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Voucher abuse detection is an important anomaly detection problem in E-commerce. While many GNN-based solutions have emerged, the supervised paradigm depends on a large quantity of labeled data. A popular alternative is to adopt self-supervised pre-training using label-free data, and further fine-tune on a downstream task with limited labels. Nevertheless, the "pre-train, fine-tune" paradigm is often plagued by the objective gap between pre-training and downstream tasks. Hence, we propose VPGNN, a prompt-based fine-tuning framework on GNNs for voucher abuse detection. We design a novel graph prompting function to reformulate the downstream task into a similar template as the pretext task in pre-training, thereby narrowing the objective gap. Extensive experiments on both proprietary and public datasets demonstrate the strength of VPGNN in both few-shot and semi-supervised scenarios. Moreover, an online deployment of VPGNN in a production environment shows a 23.4% improvement over two existing deployed models.
description: 7 pages, Accepted by CIKM23 Applied Research Track
Investigation of M1 transitions of the ground-state configuration of In-like Tungsten
Creators: name: Li, W.
name: Xiao, J.
name: Shi, Z.
name: Fei, Z.
name: Zhao, R.
name: Brage, T.
name: Huldt, S.
name: Hutton, R.
name: Zou, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three visible lines of M1 transitions from In-like W were recorded using the Shanghai permanent magnet electron beam ion trap. The experimental wavelengths were measured as 493.84 $\pm$ 0.15, 226.97 $\pm$ 0.13 and 587.63 $\pm$ 0.23 nm (vacuum wavelengths). These results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions obtained using large-scale Relativistic Many-Body Perturbation Theory, in the form of the Flexible Atomic Code.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
A mirror theorem for multi-root stacks and applications
Creators: name: Tseng, Hsian-Hua
name: You, Fenglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a smooth projective variety $X$ with a simple normal crossing divisor $D:=D_1+D_2+...+D_n$, where $D_i\subset X$ are smooth, irreducible and nef. We prove a mirror theorem for multi-root stacks $X_{D,\vec r}$ by constructing an $I$-function, a slice of Givental's Lagrangian cone for Gromov--Witten theory of multi-root stacks. We provide three applications: (1) We show that some genus zero invariants of $X_{D,\vec r}$ stabilize for sufficiently large $\vec r$. (2) We state a generalized local-log-orbifold principle conjecture and prove a version of it. (3) We show that regularized quantum periods of Fano varieties coincide with classical periods of the mirror Landau--Ginzburg potentials using orbifold invariants of $X_{D,\vec r}$.
description: 30 pages, to appear in Selecta Mathematica
The bright blue side of the night sky: Spectroscopic survey of bright and hot (pre-) white dwarfs
Creators: name: Reindl, Nicole
name: Islami, Ramazan
name: Werner, Klaus
name: Kepler, S. O.
name: Pritzkuleit, Max
name: Dawson, Harry
name: Dorsch, Matti
name: Istrate, Alina
name: Pelisoli, Ingrid
name: Geier, Stephan
name: Uzundag, Murat
name: Provencal, Judith
name: Justham, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the spectroscopic confirmation of 68 new bright ($G=13.5-17.2$ mag) and blue (pre-)white dwarfs (WDs). This finding has allowed us to almost double the number of the hottest ($T_{\mathrm{eff}} \geq 60$kK) known WDs brighter than $G=16$ mag. We increased the number of known ultra-high excitation (UHE) WDs by 20%, found one unambiguous close binary system consisting of one DA WD with an irradiated low-mass companion, one DAO, and one DOA WD that are likely in their transformation phase of becoming pure DA WDs, one rare, naked O(H) star, two DA and two DAO WDs with $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ possibly in excess of 100kK, three new DOZ WDs, and three of our targets are central stars of (possible) planetary nebulae. Using non-local thermodynamic equilibrium models, we derived the atmospheric parameters of these stars and by fitting their spectral energy distribution we derived their radii, luminosities, and gravity masses. In addition, we derived their masses in the Kiel and Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). We find that Kiel, HRD, and gravity mass agree only in half of the cases. This is not unexpected and we attribute this to the neglect of metal opacities, possibly stratified atmospheres, as well as possible uncertainties of the parallax zero point determination. Furthermore, we carried out a search for photometric variability in our targets using archival data, finding that 26% of our targets are variable. This includes 15 new variable stars, with only one of them being clearly an irradiation effect system. Strikingly, the majority of the variable stars exhibit non-sinusoidal light-curve shapes, which are unlikely explained in terms of close binary systems. We propose that a significant fraction of all (not just UHE) WDs develop spots when entering the WD cooling phase. We suggest that this could be related to the on-set of weak magnetic fields and possibly diffusion.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 7: Figure S6. of Several steps of lateral gene transfer followed by events of ‘birth-and-death’ evolution shaped a fungal sorbicillinoid biosynthetic gene cluster
Creators: name: Druzhinina, Irina
name: Kubicek, Eva
name: Kubicek, Christian
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Gene structure of the 3′ end of supercontig 46 of the C. graminicola genome sequence (http://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Colgr1/Colgr1.home.html). No further genes are located 3′ of Colgr1:8017. (PDF 219 kb)
Microwave Spin Control of a Tin-Vacancy Qubit in Diamond
Creators: name: Rosenthal, Eric I.
name: Anderson, Christopher P.
name: Kleidermacher, Hannah C.
name: Stein, Abigail J.
name: Lee, Hope
name: Grzesik, Jakob
name: Scuri, Giovanni
name: Rugar, Alison E.
name: Riedel, Daniel
name: Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar
name: Ahn, Geun Ho
name: Van Gasse, Kasper
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The negatively charged tin-vacancy (SnV-) center in diamond is a promising solid-state qubit for applications in quantum networking due to its high quantum efficiency, strong zero phonon emission, and reduced sensitivity to electrical noise. The SnV- has a large spin-orbit coupling, which allows for long spin lifetimes at elevated temperatures, but unfortunately suppresses the magnetic dipole transitions desired for quantum control. Here, by use of a naturally strained center, we overcome this limitation and achieve high-fidelity microwave spin control. We demonstrate a pi-pulse fidelity of up to 99.51+/0.03%$ and a Hahn-echo coherence time of T2echo = 170.0+/-2.8 microseconds, both the highest yet reported for SnV- platform. This performance comes without compromise to optical stability, and is demonstrated at 1.7 Kelvin where ample cooling power is available to mitigate drive induced heating. These results pave the way for SnV- spins to be used as a building block for future quantum technologies.
description: Final published version
Evolution of complex organic molecules in hot molecular cores: Synthetic spectra at (sub-)mm wavebands
Creators: name: Choudhury, Rumpa
name: Schilke, Peter
name: Stéphan, Gwendoline
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Möller, Thomas
name: Schmiedeke, Anika
name: Zernickel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot molecular cores (HMCs) are intermediate stages of high-mass star formation and are also known for their rich emission line spectra at (sub-)mm wavebands. The observed spectral feature of HMCs such as total number of emission lines and associated line intensities are also found to vary with evolutionary stages. We developed various 3D models for HMCs guided by the evolutionary scenarios proposed by recent empirical and modeling studies. We then investigated the spatio-temporal variation of temperature and molecular abundances in HMCs by consistently coupling gas-grain chemical evolution with radiative transfer calculations. We explored the effects of varying physical conditions on molecular abundances including density distribution and luminosity evolution of the central protostar(s). The time-dependent temperature structure of the hot core models provides a realistic framework for investigating the spatial variation of ice mantle evaporation as a function of evolutionary timescales. With increasing protostellar luminosity, the water ice evaporation font ($\sim$100K) expands and the spatial distribution of gas phase abundances of these COMs also spreads out. We simulated the synthetic spectra for these models at different evolutionary timescales to compare with observations. A qualitative comparison of the simulated and observed spectra suggests that these self-consistent hot core models can reproduce the notable trends in hot core spectral variation within the typical hot core timescales of 10$^{5}$ year. These models predict that the spatial distribution of various emission line maps will also expand with evolutionary time. The model predictions can be compared with high resolution observation that can probe scales of a few thousand AU in high-mass star forming regions such as from ALMA.[Abridged]
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Hate Crimes in India; What makes lynching special_faheem muhammed.pdf
Creators: name: M.P, Faheem Muhammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 180102 Access to Justice
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: 160504 Crime Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 169903 Studies of Asian Society
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: India has seen a rigorous rise in the hate crimes towards minority communities in the last 5 years. Muslims and Dalits constituted a major share of the victims of religious hate crimes. Being a Secular, Democratic, Republic, the responses from the state administration and machinery are contradicting the constitutional safeguards. Apart from that, leaders of the ruling political party and their affiliated organizations have played a crucial role in polarizing the country and further accelerating the hatred and violence. Later on, the fairness and credibility of state apparatuses have been questioned due to its partial interventions in the hate crime cases. This article is aimed to analyze the religious hate crimes in India further focusing on the mob lynchings in the last five years. The paper brings into limelight the discourse of hate and power in the context of communalism in India.
The Temperature, Electron, and Pressure Characteristics of Switchbacks: Parker Solar Probe Observations
Creators: name: Huang, Jia
name: Kasper, Justin C.
name: Larson, Davin E.
name: McManus, Michael D.
name: Whittlesey, Phyllis
name: Livi, Roberto
name: Rahmati, Ali
name: Romeo, Orlando M.
name: Liu, Mingzhe
name: Jian, Lan K.
name: Verniero, J. L.
name: Velli, Marco
name: Badman, Samuel T.
name: Rivera, Yeimy J.
name: Niembro, Tatiana
name: Paulson, Kristoff
name: Stevens, Michael L.
name: Case, Anthony W.
name: Bowen, Trevor A.
name: Pulupa, Marc
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Halekas, Jasper S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observes unexpectedly prevalent switchbacks, which are rapid magnetic field reversals that last from seconds to hours, in the inner heliosphere, posing new challenges to understanding their nature, origin, and evolution. In this work, we investigate the thermal states, electron pitch angle distributions, and pressure signatures of both inside and outside switchbacks, separating a switchback into spike, transition region (TR), and quiet period (QP). Based on our analysis, we find that the proton temperature anisotropies in TRs seem to show an intermediate state between spike and QP plasmas. The proton temperatures are more enhanced in spike than in TR and QP, but the alpha temperatures and alpha-to-proton temperature ratios show the opposite trends, implying that the preferential heating mechanisms of protons and alphas are competing in different regions of switchbacks. Moreover, our results suggest that the electron integrated intensities are almost the same across the switchbacks but the electron pitch angle distributions are more isotropic inside than outside switchbacks, implying switchbacks are intact structures but strong scattering of electrons happens inside switchbacks. In addition, the examination of pressures reveals that the total pressures are comparable through an individual switchback, confirming switchbacks are pressure-balanced structures. These characteristics could further our understanding of ion heating, electron scattering, and the structure of switchbacks.
description: published in ApJ
The Resistive-WELL detector: a compact spark-protected single amplification-stage MPGD
Creators: name: Bencivenni, G.
name: De Oliveira, R.
name: Morello, G.
name: Lener, M. Poli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a novel idea for a compact spark-protected single amplification stage Micro-Pattern Gas Detector (MPGD). The detector amplification stage, realized with a structure very similar to a GEM foil, is embedded through a resistive layer in the readout board. A cathode electrode, defining the gas conversion/drift gap, completes the detector mechanics. The new structure, that we call Resistive-WELL (R-WELL), has some characteristics in common with previous MPGDs, such as C.A.T. and WELL, developed more than ten years ago. The prototype object of the present study has been realized in the 2009 by TE-MPE-EM Workshop at CERN. The new architecture is a very compact MPGD, robust against discharges and exhibiting a large gain ($\sim$6$\times$10$^3$), simple to construct and easy for engineering and then suitable for large area tracking devices as well as huge calorimetric apparata.
From unexceptional to doubly exceptional surface waves
Creators: name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
name: Mackay, Tom G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exceptional surface wave can propagate in an isolated direction, when guided by the planar interface of two homogeneous dielectric partnering mediums of which at least one is anisotropic, provided that the constitutive parameters of the partnering mediums satisfy certain constraints. Exceptional surface waves are distinguished from unexceptional surface waves by their localization characteristics: the fields of an exceptional surface wave in the anisotropic partnering medium decay as a combined linear-exponential function of distance from the interface, whereas the decay is purely exponential for an unexceptional surface wave. If both partnering mediums are anisotropic then a doubly exceptional surface wave can exist for an isolated propagation direction. The decay of this wave in both partnering mediums is governed by a combined linear-exponential function of distance from the interface.
Homonuclear tris-dithiocarbamato ruthenium(III) complexes as single-molecule precursors for the synthesis of ruthenium(III) sulfide nanoparticles
Creators: name: Mbese, Johannes Z.
name: Ajibade, Peter A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Tris(N-phenyldithiocarbamato) ruthenium(III) complexes, [Ru(L1)3] (1); tris(N-(4-methylphenyl)dithiocarbamato)) ruthenium(III), [Ru(L2)3] (2); and tris(N-(4-methoxyphenyl)dithiocarbamato)) ruthenium(III), [Ru(L3)3] (3) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR, UV–VIS and NMR spectroscopy. TGA analyses show major degradation of all complexes in the range 120–350°C, leading to the formation of residual weight corresponding to ruthenium (III) sulfides. The 1H-NMR spectra of the ligands and complexes are in agreement with the proposed structures. FTIR studies confirmed that the ligands coordinate the Ru3+ ion in a bidentate chelating mode. The complexes were thermolysed at 180°C to prepare hexadecylamine-capped Ru2S3 nanoparticles. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of hexagonal-phase Ru2S3 nanoparticles with average crystallite sizes ranging from 8.3 to 9.5 nm. TEM images showed the crystalline clusters with shapes ranging from square to hexagonal, while SEM images elucidated that the particles were agglomerated. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectra confirmed the presents of Ru2S3 nanoparticles.
Radical-free hyperpolarized MRI using endogenously-occurring pyruvate analogues and UV-induced nonpersistent radicals
Creators: name: Zanella, Claudia C
name: Capozzi, Andrea
name: Yoshihara, Hikari AI
name: Radaelli, Alice
name: Arn, Lionel P
name: Gruetter, Rolf
name: Bastiaansen, Jessica AM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was demonstrated that nonpersistent radicals can be generated in frozen solutions of metabolites such as pyruvate by irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light, enabling radical-free dissolution DNP. Although pyruvate is endogenous, an excess of additional pyruvate may perturb metabolic processes, making it potentially unsuitable as a polarizing agent when studying fatty acids or carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, the aim of the study was to characterize solutions containing endogenously-occurring alternatives to pyruvate as UV-induced nonpersistent radical precursors for in vivo hyperpolarized MRI. The metabolites alpha-ketovalerate (AKV) and alpha-ketobutyrate (AKB) are analogues of pyruvate and were chosen as potential radical precursors. Sample formulations containing AKV and AKB were studied with UV-visible spectroscopy, irradiated with UV light, and their nonpersistent radical yields were quantified with ESR and compared to pyruvate. The addition of 13C labeled substrates to the sample matrix altered the radical yield of the precursors. Using AKB increased the 13C-labeled glucose liquid state polarization to 16.3 +/- 1.3% compared with 13.3 +/- 1.5% obtained with pyruvate, and 8.9 +/- 2.1% with AKV. For [1-13C]butyric acid, polarization levels of 12.1 +/- 1.1% for AKV and 12.9 +/- 1.7% for AKB were achieved. Hyperpolarized [1-13C]butyrate metabolism in the heart revealed label incorporation into [1-13C]acetylcarnitine, [1-13C]acetoacetate, [1-13C]butyrylcarnitine, [5-13C]glutamate and [5-13C]citrate. This study demonstrates the potential of AKV and AKB as endogenous polarizing agents for in vivo radical-free hyperpolarized MRI. UV-induced, nonpersistent radicals generated in endogenous metabolites enable high polarization without requiring radical filtration, thus simplifying the quality-control tests in clinical applications.
description: 38 pages, 5 Tables, 8 Figures, Submitted to NMR in Biomedicine
Superresonance Phenomenon from Acoustic Black Holes in Neo-Newtonian theory
Creators: name: Salako, Ines. G.
name: Jawad, Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of the acoustic analogue of a super-radiance like phenomenon, i.e., the amplification of a sound wave by reflection from the ergo-region of a rotating acoustic black hole in the fluid draining bathtub model in the presence of the pressure be amplified or reduced in agreement with the value of the parameter $\left(γ=1+ \frac{knρ_0^{n-1} }{c^2}\right)$. We remark that the interval of frequencies depend upon the neo-newtonian parameter $γ$\, ($\barΩ_H = \frac{2 }{1+γ}\;Ω_{H}$)\textbf{ and becomes narrow in this work}. As a consequence, the tuning of the neo-newtonian parameter $\left(γ=1+ \frac{knρ_0^{n-1} }{c^2}\right)$ changes the rate of loss of the acoustic black hole mass.
description: 9 pages; 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1101.2891