cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The problem of ultracompact rotating gravastars
Creators: name: Rutkowski, Mieszko
name: Rostworowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of authors provided arguments that a rotating gravastar is a good candidate for a source of the Kerr metric. These arguments were based on the second order perturbation analysis. In the following paper, we construct a perturbative solution of the rotating gravastar up to the third perturbation order and show that it cannot be continuously matched with the Kerr spacetime.
description: 11 pages, revised version
Southeast Asian Agriculture Returns to Scale: Inferences from Cumulative Rolling Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Zhen
name: Tu, Wen
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Xu, Zhen
name: Tu, Wen
name: Shaik, Saleem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Southeast Asian countries
subject: Agriculture sector
subject: Time-varying betas or input elasticities and returns to scale
subject: Panel data
subject: 1960-2002

description: In this paper, we estimate the time-varying betas or input elasticities and returns to scale in a stochastic frontier cumulative rolling regression analysis framework using FAO data of Southeast Asian countries from 1960-2002. Empirical results indicated returns to scale are overestimated by pooled and panel models relative to stochastic frontier models without accounting for technical inefficiencies. Second, the time-varying estimates of betas or input elasticities and returns to scale indicate variations not only between the models but also over time.
Sugawara and vertex operator constructions for deformed Virasoro algebras
Creators: name: Arnaudon, D.
name: Avan, J.
name: Frappat, L.
name: Ragoucy, E.
name: Shiraishi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R10, 17B37, 17B69

description: From the defining exchange relations of the A_{q,p}(gl_{N}) elliptic quantum algebra, we construct subalgebras which can be characterized as q-deformed W_N algebras. The consistency conditions relating the parameters p,q,N and the central charge c are shown to be related to the singularity structure of the functional coefficients defining the exchange relations of specific vertex operators representations of A_{q,p}({gl_{N}) available when N=2.
description: 23 pages
Estimating Potential Economic Net Carbon Flux from U.S. Agriculture Using a High Resolution Integrated Socioeconomic-Biogeophysical Model.
Creators: name: Hellwinckel, Chad M.
name: Torre Ugarte, Daniel De La
name: West, Tristram O.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Nelson, Richard G.
name: Travis, John
name: Brandt, Craig
name: Wilson, Bradley
name: Hellwinckel, Chad M.
name: Torre Ugarte, Daniel De La
name: West, Tristram O.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Nelson, Richard G.
name: Travis, John
name: Brandt, Craig
name: Wilson, Bradley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Accurate estimation of the carbon abatement potential of a national carbon market upon U.S agricultural lands is needed by climate analysts, policy makers and carbon market organizers. A high resolution integrated socioeconomic-biogeophysical model is created by overlaying soils data and satellite land use data using GIS. The economic component of the model has been disaggregated to the county level, where, in each county, cropping activities have been expanded to include conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage operations. The model is used to test changes in net carbon flux induced by conservation tillage incentives on existing U.S. cropland in the eight major crops. The maximum technical potential reduction in net carbon flux is estimated to be 34 million metric tons (MMT) below baseline. The economic potential reduction in net carbon flux at incentives below $500 per ton carbon is estimated to be 21 MMT below baseline, and only 4.9 MMT at incentives below $25 per ton carbon. These estimates are considerably less than those previously estimated. High resolution data indicate that the northern corn belt, Red River Valley and Mississippi Delta have the greatest economic potential for carbon abatement. Application of incentives based on gross soil sequestration potential and not net carbon flux leads to leakage in regions where land is reallocated from low input production to higher input carbon sequestering practices.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/19/07.
Forecasting Housing Prices under Different Submarket Assumptions
Creators: name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Poudyal, Neelam C.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Poudyal, Neelam C.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Clustering
subject: Forecasting
subject: Hedonic price
subject: Housing Submarket

description: This research evaluated forecasting accuracy of hedonic price models based on a number of different submarket assumptions. Using home sale data for the City of Knoxville and vicinities merged with geographic information, we found that forecasting housing prices with submarkets defined using expert knowledge and by school district and combining information conveyed in different modeling strategies are more accurate and efficient than models that are spatially aggregated, or with submarkets defined by statistical clustering techniques. This finding provided useful implications for housing price prediction in an urban setting and surrounding areas in that forecasting models based on expert knowledge of market structure or public school quality and simple model combining techniques may outperform the models using more sophisticated statistical techniques.
Food Away from Home Consumption and Obesity: An Analysis by Service Type and by Meal Occasion
Creators: name: Kyureghian, Gayaneh
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Davis, George C.
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Kyureghian, Gayaneh
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Davis, George C.
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Food away from home is recognized as one of the reasons behind recent overweight and obesity surge. The relationship between Body Mass Index and the distributional effects of food consumed at home and away from home at different levels of aggregation, along with demographic profile covariates are modeled. Demographic variables have the expected effects on BMI established by other studies. Food away from home has a significant positive effect on BMI. The effects of food away from home split into foods at Full- and Quick-service restaurants also affect BMI in the predicted way, with the latter effect being disproportionately larger. Lunch away from home has huge positive effect on BMI.
Growth and Technological Leadership in US Industries: A Spatial Econometric Analysis at the State Level, 1963-1997
Creators: name: Pede, Valerien O.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
name: De Groot, Henri L.F.
name: Pede, Valerien O.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
name: De Groot, Henri L.F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: regional economic growth
subject: convergence
subject: industry level
subject: technological leadership
subject: spatial econometrics

description: For several decades, cross-country analyses have dominated the literature on economic growth. Recently, these analyses have been extended to include sectoral variation as well as spatial variation across sub-national regions. This paper investigates economic growth and potential determinants of the process of catch-up to technology leaders for several economic sectors, using data for the lower 48 US states from 1963 through 1997. We analyze the potential influence of factors such as human capital, and geographical distance to the technology leader. A spatially explicit growth model in which technological progress is endogenously determined is used to model productivity growth in nine US industries, ranging from mining to government, and including a combined sector of totals. The results indicate that none of the sectors exhibits convergence, but they all show strong evidence of convergence with a convergence club pattern that is apparent for the wholesale/retail sector. The catch-up effect to the technology leader dominates the growth process in almost all sectors, and it works through the interaction with human capital.
Nominal and Real Exchange Rate Change by China: Global Impacts on Agricultural Prices
Creators: name: MacDonald, Stephen
name: Seeley, Ralph
name: MacDonald, Stephen
name: Seeley, Ralph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: China's exchange rate policy has become an important factor in world agricultural trade. The renminbi, while no longer fixed in U.S. dollar terms, is subject to significant intervention, and is widely regarded as undervalued. In the long run, an undervalued exchange rate is self-correcting, as increases in the money supply raise inflation, revaluing the currency in real terms. Adjusting a real exchange rate through inflation has different consequences for China's economy compared with an adjustment in the nominal exchange rate. The consequences for world agricultural production and trade are also different. To capture these differences, a static, partial equilibrium model was extended to include macro-economic effects. Parameter values for the model were derived from USDA's Country Linker System (CLS) for 39 regions and 24 agricultural commodities, and from the literature on exchange rate pass-through to inflation and output. The results illustrate how standard partial equilibrium analysis overstates the impact of China's nominal exchange rate adjustment by overlooking the impacts on inflation.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 06/15/07.
Arnold, Walter (hrsg.): Evangelisation im ökumenischen Gespräch
Creators: name: Szobries, Heinz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 24 Nr. 2 (1975): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 24, Heft 2
A Possible Rossby Wave Instability Origin for the Flares in Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Tagger, Michel
name: Melia, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, near-IR and X-ray flares have been detected from the Galaxy's central radio point source, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), believed to be a \~3.10^6 solar masses supermassive black hole. In some cases, the transient emission appears to be modulated with a (quasi-)periodic oscillation (QPO) of ~ 17-20 minutes. The implied ~ 3 r_S size of the emitter (where r_S = 2GM/c^2 is the Schwarzschild radius) points to an instability - possibly induced by accretion - near the Marginally Stable Orbit (MSO) of a slowly spinning object. But Sgr A* is not accreting via a large, `standard' disk; instead, the low density environment surrounding it apparently feeds the black hole with low angular momentum clumps of plasma that circularize within ~ 10-300 r_S and merge onto a compact, hot disk. In this Letter, we follow the evolution of the disk following such an event, and show that a Rossby wave instability, particularly in its magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) form, grows rapidly and produces a period of enhanced accretion lasting several hours. Both the amplitude of this response, and its duration, match the observed flare characteristics rather well.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Electroweak corrections to hadronic photon production at large transverse momenta
Creators: name: Kuhn, Johann H.
name: Kulesza, A.
name: Pozzorini, S.
name: Schulze, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of electroweak radiative corrections on direct production of photons with high transverse momenta at hadron colliders. Analytic results for the weak one-loop corrections to the parton scattering reaction $\bar q q \to γg$ and its crossed variants are presented. For the high-energy region, where the corrections are strongly enhanced by logarithms of $\hat s/M_W^2$, we derive simple asymptotic expressions which approximate the exact one-loop results with high precision. The dominant two-loop electroweak contributions are also calculated. Numerical results are presented for the LHC and the Tevatron. The corrections are negative and their size increases with transverse momentum. For the LHC, where transverse momenta of 2 TeV or more can be reached, the size of the one- and two-loop effects amounts up to -17% and +3%, respectively. At the Tevatron, with transverse momenta up to 400 GeV, the one-loop corrections do not exceed -4% and the two-loop effects are negligible. Finally we compare the cross sections for hadronic production of photons and Z bosons and find that the electroweak corrections have an important impact on their ratio.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Transmutation of protons in a strong electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Wistisen, Tobias N.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
name: Di Piazza, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of turning a proton into a neutron, positron and electron-neutrino in a strong plane-wave electromagnetic field is studied. This process is forbidden in vacuum and is seen to feature an exponential suppression factor which is non-perturbative in the field amplitude. The suppression is alleviated when the proton experiences a field strength of about ten times the Schwinger critical field in its rest frame or larger. Around this threshold the lifetime of the proton, in its rest frame, is comparable to the conventional neutron decay lifetime. As the field strength is increased, the proton lifetime becomes increasingly short. We investigate possible scenarios where this process may be observed in the laboratory using an ultra-intense laser and a high-energy proton beam with the conclusion, however, that it would be very challenging to observe this effect in the near future.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the Focus issue "Strong Field Quantum Electrodynamics with high power lasers and particle beams" of New Journal of Physics
Tractors on eBay: Differences between Internet and In-Person Auctions
Creators: name: Diekmann, Florian
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Batte, Marvin T.
name: Diekmann, Florian
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Batte, Marvin T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: auctions
subject: electronic commerce
subject: eBay
subject: farm equipment
subject: hedonic models

description: Internet auction platforms are changing the face of transactions in many business sectors, including agriculture. We provide one of the first systematic examinations of the differences between internet and in-person auctions in agricultural input markets. A hedonic model estimated with used tractor transactions from Midwestern sellers pooled between eBay and in-person auctions reveals statistically distinct price surfaces for the two auction venues and predicts significantly lower prices for comparable equipment sold on eBay, though this difference is attenuated for tractors fully covered by eBay's buyer protection program and is fully absent for the most frequently traded tractor. An endogenous venue-selection model reveals that larger, more-valuable tractors are less likely to be offered on eBay, a choice that should enhance seller revenues. Furthermore, sellers in states with more valuable stocks of machinery, more frequent tractor sales, and a lower propensity to use the internet for agricultural marketing are more likely to offer tractors for sale via in-person auctions than on eBay.
Optimal Detection Strategies for an Established Invasive Forest Pest
Creators: name: Horie, Tetsuya
name: Homans, Frances R.
name: Horie, Tetsuya
name: Homans, Frances R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: When it comes to invasive species management, economists have focused on the trade-off between prevention of potential invasions and management of established populations. The intermediate step-detection of established populations on the landscape so that management can commence-has only recently received attention in the economics literature. A recent paper (Mehta et al., 2007) explores how biological and economic parameters affect optimal detection spending, recognizing that greater expenditures on detection can lead to smaller and more manageable population sizes upon detection because populations are discovered early. We build upon this framework by considering the optimal spatial allocation of detection effort when it is impossible to stop the advance of the main front of an invasive species, yet it is beneficial to detect and control sub-populations of the species that erupt ahead of the front. Our approach recognizes that the duration of management of sub-populations is constrained by the amount of time remaining before the main front arrives. Locations close to the front have less time remaining than locations that are more distant. These differences imply different levels of potential benefit from early detection; in particular, shorter management horizons translate into lower benefits from intervention. The optimal intensity of detection effort varies over space along with this variation in the benefits from management.
Effects of metallicity, star formation conditions and evolution in B and Be stars. I: Large Magellanic Cloud, field of NGC 2004
Creators: name: Martayan, Christophe
name: Fremat, Yves
name: Hubert, Anne-Marie
name: Floquet, Michele
name: Zorec, Jean
name: Neiner, Coralie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic observations of hot stars belonging to the young cluster LMC-NGC 2004 and its surrounding region were carried out with the VLT-GIRAFFE facilities in MEDUSA mode. We determine fundamental parameters (Teff, logg, vsini, and radial velocity), for all B and Be stars in the sample thanks to a code developed in our group. The effect of fast rotation (stellar flattening and gravitational darkening) are taken into account in this study. We also determine the age of observed clusters. We compare the mean vsini obtained for field and cluster B and Be stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) with the ones in the Milky Way (MW). We find, in particular, that Be stars rotate faster in the LMC than in the MW, in the field as well as in clusters. We discuss the relations between vsini, metallicity, star formation conditions and stellar evolution by comparing the LMC with the MW. We conclude that Be stars begin their Main Sequence life with an initial rotational velocity greater than the one of B stars. It is probable that only part of the B stars, with a sufficient initial rotational velocity, can become Be stars. This result may explain the differences in the proportion of Be stars in clusters with similar ages.
description: Accepted by A&A
The effect of boron nitride on the rheology and processability of molten polymers
Creators: name: Yip, Franky Kam Yin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Experiments were carried out using capillary, sliding plate, and parallel plate rheometer and a blow moulding machine in order to assess the effect of boron nitride (BN) powders on the rheology and processability of a metallocene polyethylene, a Teflon FEP polymer and a polypropylene. In particular, to assess the processability of these resins in the presence of BN or not, the critical conditions for the onset of melt fracture is determined. The influence of the average size of boron nitride particles, its agglomeration if present, its concentration in the resins and the quality of the attained dispersion on the melt fracture of the metallocene polyethylene was particularly investigated. For this a number of boron nitride powders were examined having various characteristics, i.e. agglomeration, different particle size etc. It was found that for BN to be efficient in eliminating surface and gross melt fracture, the particle size should be about 10-20 microns in size, and free of agglomeration. Concentration was also found to be a critical factor, with the optimum value to fall in the range between 200 and lOOOppm. The mechanism by which BN acts to eliminate melt fracture was also investigated. Six different capillary dies with various entrance angles were used to study the entrance effect. A new apparatus was also designed during the course of this study in order to visualize the flow patterns developed at the entrance of the capillary. It was found that BN changes the entrance flow pattern of a PP by eliminating the onset of unstable flow. This is done by providing the condition for a smoother transfer of momentum from a polymer layer to the next. The effect of BN type on two blow molding grade high-density polyethylene was also studied by using a blow moulding machine. It was found that BN can eliminate the surface melt fracture of blow moulding grade HDPE depending on the properties of resins.
Práticas infocomunicacionais em podcast como infoproduto da Ciência Aberta: o caso do Biblioquê? Podcast
Creators: name: Lima Junior, Carlos
name: de Oliveira Batista, Ana Cristina
name: Oliveira Inomata, Danielly
name: Pereira Silva, Kamilla
name: Faneco Rabelo, Levi Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão “O meu Póster em 1 minuto”, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Spin-polarized surface states close to adatoms on Cu(111)
Creators: name: Lazarovits, B.
name: Szunyogh, L.
name: Weinberger, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of surface states close to 3d transition metal adatoms (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) on a Cu(111) surface in terms of an embedding technique using the fully relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method. For each of the adatoms we found resonances in the s-like states to be attributed to a localization of the surface states in the presence of an impurity. We studied the change of the s-like densities of states in the vicinity of the surface state band-edge due to scattering effects mediated via the adatom's d-orbitals. The obtained results show that a magnetic impurity causes spin-polarization of the surface states. In particular, the long-range oscillations of the spin-polarized s-like density of states around an Fe adatom are demonstrated.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRB
HJB and Fokker-Planck equations for river environmental management based on stochastic impulse control with discrete and random observation
Creators: name: Yoshioka, H.
name: Tsujimura, M.
name: Hamagami, K.
name: Yaegashi, Y.
name: Yoshioka, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We formulate a new two-variable river environmental restoration problem based on jump stochastic differential equations (SDEs) governing the sediment storage and nuisance benthic algae population dynamics in a dam-downstream river. Controlling the dynamics is carried out through impulsive sediment replenishment with discrete and random observation/intervention to avoid sediment depletion and thick algae growth. We consider a cost-efficient management problem of the SDEs to achieve the objectives whose resolution reduces to solving a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. We also consider a Fokker-Planck (FP) equation governing the probability density function of the controlled dynamics. The HJB equation has a discontinuous solution, while the FP equation has a Dirac's delta along boundaries. We show that the value function, the optimized objective function, is governed by the HJB equation in the simplified case and further that a threshold-type control is optimal. We demonstrate that simple numerical schemes can handle these equations. Finally, we numerically analyze the optimal controls and the resulting probability density functions.
description: Accepted manuscript
title: Bridging the gap between physical health and mental health; innovative mind-body interventions within Health Psychology
Creators: name: Field, L
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: This portfolio provides evidence submitted towards the fulfilment of the five competencies for the Health Psychology Doctorate. Whilst undertaking the Doctorate, a work placement as an Activity Coordinator for a private mental health hospital in the North West was undertaken. Behaviour Change Interventions (BCI): A face-to-face, one-to-one, stress management BCI was completed with a nurse at a private mental health clinic. Secondly, a six-week group BCI was delivered for staff at work who aspired to reduce or quit smoking. Consultancy: A case study was completed with a manager from a private Wellbeing clinic in the North West of England who requested a stress management training workshop. Teaching and Training: A smoking reduction training programme for the development of new applications and understanding in Health Psychology was completed at the work placement for inpatients at a private mental health hospital. A Teaching and Training Diary is also included that demonstrates the author’s development as a teacher/trainer. Research: Three research projects were completed for the portfolio. A systematic review was conducted which examined Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRVB) intervention studies within a variety of psychiatric conditions. In addition, a quantitative and qualitative research project explored Heart Rate Variability (HRV) coherence interventions for individuals with Gastrointestinal Disorders (GID). A reflective commentary on all the three research projects is also provided. Professional skills: A reflective report is presented which validates skill development, meta-reflection, working with clients and respecting them, following ethical guidelines, laws and codes of conduct as a Health Psychologist in Training. An reflective diary is included which was maintained throughout the whole period of completing the course. Conclusions The one-to-one BCI showed ways to control high levels of burnout and compassion fatigue in healthcare professionals. The group BCI smoking reduction programme was very successful; having been trailed on one ward it was then successfully rolled out on two 5 additional wards. The research revealed some promising conclusions for the effectiveness of Heart Rate Variability interventions in the respect of both patients with gastrointestinal disorders, and within the psychiatric population, as evidenced from the systematic review.
Some Algebraic Aspects of the Inhomogeneous Six-Vertex Model
Creators: name: Bazhanov, Vladimir V.
name: Kotousov, Gleb A.
name: Koval, Sergii M.
name: Lukyanov, Sergei L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inhomogeneous six-vertex model is a 2$D$ multiparametric integrable statistical system. In the scaling limit it is expected to cover different classes of critical behaviour which, for the most part, have remained unexplored. For general values of the parameters and twisted boundary conditions the model possesses ${\rm U}(1)$ invariance. In this paper we discuss the restrictions imposed on the parameters for which additional global symmetries arise that are consistent with the integrable structure. These include the lattice counterparts of ${\cal C}$, ${\cal P}$ and ${\cal T}$ as well as translational invariance. The special properties of the lattice system that possesses an additional ${\cal Z}_r$ invariance are considered. We also describe the Hermitian structures, which are consistent with the integrable one. The analysis lays the groundwork for studying the scaling limit of the inhomogeneous six-vertex model.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures; minor typos fixed, references added, published version
Finite Source Effects in Strong Lensing: Implications for the Substructure Mass Scale
Creators: name: Dobler, Gregory
name: Keeton, Charles R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flux ratio `anomalies' in quadruply-imaged gravitational lenses can be explained with galactic substructure of the sort predicted by CDM, but the strength and uniqueness of that hypothesis needs to be further assessed. A good way to do that is to use the physical scale associated with the size of the source quasar, and its dependence on wavelength. We develop an analytic toy model to study finite source effects in substructure lensing and identify general principles. We find that image positions and magnifications are basically independent of source size until the source is large enough to intersect a substructure caustic. Even sources that are much larger than the substructure Einstein radius can be perturbed at a detectable level. A tremendous amount could be learned by comparing image positions and magnifications at wavelengths that correspond to different source sizes. In a separate analysis, we carefully study four observed radio lenses to determine which of the images are anomalous. In B0712+472, if the flux ratio anomaly is real it is probably in image C. In B1422+231, the anomaly is in image A. Interestingly, B2045+265 and B1555+375 both appear to have two anomalous images. It remains to be seen whether CDM predicts enough substructure to explain multiple anomalies in multiple lenses. When we join our modeling results and substructure theory, we obtain lower bounds on the masses of the substructures responsible for the observed anomalies. The mass bounds are broadly consistent with expectations for CDM. Perhaps more importantly, we outline various systematic effects in the mass bounds; poor knowledge of whether the substructure lies within the main lens galaxy or elsewhere along the line of sight appears to be the dominant systematic. [Abridged]
description: submitted to MNRAS
title: Henné
Creators: name: Naïm, Samia
Publisher: name: Pangloss
Year: 2024
Subjects: Linguistique
Yemeni Arabic (Sanaa dialect)

description: L'enregistrement porte sur des modes de préparation du henné. L'informatrice est une jeune yéménite de Sanaa âgée de 16 ans (en 1989). Le henné est très apprécié partout au Yémen en tant que produit cosmétique. Il relève également de la pharmacopée traditionnelle.
Stability of isometric maps in the Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Arcozzi, Nicola
name: Morbidelli, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17

description: In this paper we prove some approximation results for biLipschitz maps in the Heisenberg group. Namely, we show that a biLipschitz map with biLipschitz constant close to one can be pointwise approximated, quantitatively on any fixed ball, by an isometry. This leds to an approximation in BMO norm for the map's Pansu derivative. We also prove that a global quasigeodesic can be approximated by a geodesic in any fixed segment.
Performance Report on Application of Wire Mesh Reinforcement to Asphaltic Concrete Pavement Overlays
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Florence, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: During the past two decades an increasing mileage of portland cement concrete pavements has been resurfaced with bituminous concrete. This has generally proven to be a satisfactory and economical method of restoring, improving and enhancing the traffic service life of the highways. After a short period, however, cracks often begin to appear over the joints and cracks of the underlying concrete pavement. This condition is commonly referred to as "reflection cracking".  The presence of these reflection cracks are undesirable for a number of reasons. The open crack that develops may permit water to penetrate, often causing rave ling of the bituminous overlay as well as the disintegration of the concrete or the softening of the subgrade. The cracks do present an unsightly appearance and may widen and deepen sufficiently to cause a decrease in riding quality as welt as an increase in road noise. The maintenance of these cracks also presents special problems.
Performance Survey of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culverts
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Hughes, Ronald D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Methods of installation and design criteria have tended to restrict the usefulness of rigid pipe culverts. With the increased mileage of highways which meet high standards, there has been an increase in the number of pipe culverts installed under high fills. This, of course, has accented the need for criteria for the proper design and installation of rigid pipe to obtain the maximum utilization of the pipe strength and to minimize the possible steelements that may occur in the road surface near the pipe installation or in the flow line of the pipe culvert.  In order to provide for an efficient utilization of rigid pipe, the Department of Highways issued Standard Drawings and Amendments No. 15 and 16 to the 1956 Edition of Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction specifying the bedding details and strength of pipe required for the various heights of fill. These standards were developed from the criteria set by the Bureau of Public Roads· The BPR criteria had been developed in co-operation with the American Concrete Pipe Association and was an attempt to bring together and simplify the prevailing methods of computing the necessary pipe strengths for the various classes of bedding commonly in use. Included in the Kentucky Standards was a provision permitting the use of the imperfect trench type of construction. Kentucky is, thus, one of thirteen states which permits this type of bedding, or a modification thereof.  In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the design and construction criteria, the Bureau of Public Roads has requested that a number of reinforced concrete pipe installations be selected for periodic inspections. The data reported herein are a summary of the design and construction data for the pipes selected for study and a report of the condition of the pipes as observed during the first field inspection.
Economics of Antibiotic Resistance: A Theory of Optimal Use
Creators: name: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
name: Brown, Gardner M.
name: Laxminarayan, Ramanan
name: Brown, Gardner M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: antibiotics
subject: disease
subject: externality

description: In recent years bacteria have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, leading to a decline in the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating infectious disease. This paper uses a framework based on an epidemiological model of infection in which antibiotic effectiveness is treated as a nonrenewable resource. In the model presented, bacterial resistance (the converse of effectiveness) develops as a result of selective pressure on nonresistant strains due to antibiotic use. When two antibiotics are available, the optimal proportion and timing of their use depends precisely on the difference between the rates at which bacterial resistance to each antibiotic evolves and on the differences in their pharmaceutical costs. Standard numerical techniques are used to illustrate cases for which the analytical problem is intractable.
Effects of Carbon Policies and Technology Change
Creators: name: MacAuley, Molly K.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: MacAuley, Molly K.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: carbon emissions control
subject: electricity generation
subject: technological change
subject: consumer welfare

description: We develop and estimate an index-based measure of expected consumer welfare under various carbon emissions control policies in the electricity generation sector. This approach estimates welfare effects by a somewhat less data intensive methodology than econometric approaches or more complex modeling. We include anticipated technological change in the production of renewable and nonrenewable power generation during the next two decades. We estimate welfare improvements from 2000 to 2020 as renewable energy technologies continue to be improved and gradually adopted, compared with a counterfactual scenario allowing for continual improvement of nonrenewable generation technology. We formally incorporate uncertainty. We evaluate the model under alternative carbon emissions control policies, including policies that create incentives through price mechanisms and policies that mandate the composition of the generation portfolio. We focus on three countries that differ widely in their power fuel mix: India, Germany, and the United States.
ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF CREATION OF A FAVORABLE FOREIGN INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Khoshimov, Takhirjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In order to create the most favorable investment environment for attracting direct investments in the Republic of Uzbekistan, liberalize the economy, reform public administration, limit interference in the activities of business entities, reduce licensing and permitting procedures, and wide-scale measures have been taken to simplify, provide free access to goods (works and services), as well as create the necessary infrastructure in the regions. Develop ways to increase the role of the capital market in creating a favorable investment environment in our country main directions set, in our republic work on ways to increase the role of the capital market in creating a favorable investment environment work on the way out and can be used in scientific research devoted to statistical analysis.
Gretchen S. Hillard Papers on the Central Pomo Language
Creators: name: Bartlett Alcantra, Salome
name: Hillard, Gretchen S.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015

description: The Papers document Gretchen Hillard's research on Central Pomo and other Pomoan languages, including field notes from work with Central Pomo consultant Salome Bartlett Alcantara in 1975-1976. The collection also includes secondary materials such as vocabulary file slips and Hillard's notes on Central Pomo grammar.
How Large Are the Welfare Gains from Technological Innovation Induced by Environmental Policies?
Creators: name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Fischer, Carolyn
name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Fischer, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: innovation
subject: welfare
subject: regulation
subject: endogenous
subject: technological
subject: change
subject: R&D

description: This paper examines whether the welfare gains from technological innovation that reduces future abatement costs are larger or smaller than the "Pigouvian" welfare gains from optimal pollution control. The relative welfare gains from innovation depend on three key factors - the initially optimal level of abatement, the speed at which innovation reduces future abatement costs, and the discount rate. We calculate the welfare gains from innovation under a variety of different scenarios. Mostly they are less than the Pigouvian welfare gains. To be greater, innovation must reduce abatement costs substantially and quickly and the initially optimal abatement level must be fairly modest.
Optimal Investment in Clean Production Capacity
Creators: name: Fischer, Carolyn
name: Toman, Michael
name: Withagen, Cees
name: Fischer, Carolyn
name: Toman, Michael
name: Withagen, Cees
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: pollution accumulation
subject: clean technology
subject: capacity investment

description: For the mitigation of long-term pollution threats, one must consider that both the process of environmental degradation and the switchover to new and cleaner technologies are dynamic. We develop a model of a uniform good that can be produced by either a polluting technology or a clean one; the latter is more expensive and requires investment in capacity. We derive the socially optimal pollution stock accumulation and creation of nonpolluting production capacity, weighing the tradeoffs among consumption, investment and adjustment costs, and environmental damages. We consider the effects of changes in the pollution decay rate, the capacity depreciation rate, and the initial state of the environment on both the steady state and the transition period. The optimal transition path looks quite different with a clean or dirty initial environment. With the former, investment is slow and the price of pollution may overshoot the long-run optimum before converging. With the latter, capacity may overshoot.
StoqMA meets distribution testing
Creators: name: Liu, Yupan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: $\mathsf{StoqMA}$ captures the computational hardness of approximating the ground energy of local Hamiltonians that do not suffer the so-called sign problem. We provide a novel connection between $\mathsf{StoqMA}$ and distribution testing via reversible circuits. First, we prove that easy-witness $\mathsf{StoqMA}$ (viz. $\mathsf{eStoqMA}$, a sub-class of $\mathsf{StoqMA}$) is contained in $\mathsf{MA}$. Easy witness is a generalization of a subset state such that the associated set's membership can be efficiently verifiable, and all non-zero coordinates are not necessarily uniform. This sub-class $\mathsf{eStoqMA}$ contains $\mathsf{StoqMA}$ with perfect completeness ($\mathsf{StoqMA}_1$), which further signifies a simplified proof for $\mathsf{StoqMA}_1 \subseteq \mathsf{MA}$ [BBT06, BT10]. Second, by showing distinguishing reversible circuits with ancillary random bits is $\mathsf{StoqMA}$-complete (as a comparison, distinguishing quantum circuits is $\mathsf{QMA}$-complete [JWB05]), we construct soundness error reduction of $\mathsf{StoqMA}$. Additionally, we show that both variants of $\mathsf{StoqMA}$ that without any ancillary random bit and with perfect soundness are contained in $\mathsf{NP}$. Our results make a step towards collapsing the hierarchy $\mathsf{MA} \subseteq \mathsf{StoqMA} \subseteq \mathsf{SBP}$ [BBT06], in which all classes are contained in $\mathsf{AM}$ and collapse to $\mathsf{NP}$ under derandomization assumptions.
description: 24 pages. v2: mostly adds corrections and clarifications. v3: add a connection between eStoqMA and Guided Stoquastic Hamiltonian Problem
Once-and-for-All Costs and Exhaustible Resource Markets
Creators: name: Fischer, Carolyn
name: Fischer, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: natural resources
subject: setup costs
subject: shutdown costs
subject: nonconvexities
subject: competitive equilibrium

description: This paper analyzes the impact on exhaustible resource markets of setup or shut-down costs, a sparsely analyzed category of nonconvex production technologies. This paper proves that, even under idealized circumstances for competition, a competitive equilibrium will fail to exist in the presence of setup costs, for any utility and cost functions such that a planner would exploit exhaustible resource pools sequentially.
Designing a Cost-Effective Marine Reserve Network: A Bioeconomic Metapopulation Analysis
Creators: name: Sanchirico, James N.
name: Sanchirico, James N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: limited-entry
subject: marine reserve networks
subject: spatial management

description: Marine reserves are gaining attention around the world as a tool to both conserve ocean resources and improve the productivity of fisheries. Using simulation analysis, we investigate in a limited-entry fishery comprising nine subpopulations the inherent bioeconomic trade-offs associated with cost-effective designs of marine reserve networks' that is, the trade-offs between the degree of connectedness of a site and the biological and economic heterogeneity. We find in many cases that closing two low-value patches can result in larger biological gains and lower costs than closing one high-value patch. We also simulate biological productivity effects after creation of a reserve and find that under special conditions, aggregate sustainable rents are maximized with the closing of a portion of the fishable habitat. Finally, we find that the biological gains of implementing a more rationalized management system can outweigh the gains from closing multiple subpopulations under open access.
Carbon Mitigation Costs for the Commercial Sector: Discrete-Continuous Choice Analysis of Multifuel Energy Demand
Creators: name: Newell, Richard G.
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Newell, Richard G.
name: Pizer, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: commercial energy demand
subject: carbon policy
subject: climate change
subject: discrete choice

description: We estimate a carbon mitigation cost curve for the U.S. commercial sector based on econometric estimation of the responsiveness of fuel demand and equipment choices to energy price changes. The model econometrically estimates fuel demand conditional on fuel choice, which is characterized by a multinomial logit model. Separate estimation of end uses (e.g., heating, cooking) using the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey allows for exceptionally detailed estimation of price responsiveness disaggregated by end use and fuel type. We then construct aggregate long-run elasticities, by fuel type, through a series of simulations; own-price elasticities range from -0.9 for district heat services to -2.9 for fuel oil. The simulations form the basis of a marginal cost curve for carbon mitigation, which suggests that a price of $20 per ton of carbon would result in an 8% reduction in commercial carbon emissions, and a price of $100 per ton would result in a 28% reduction.
Catherine A. Callaghan Papers on Miwok Languages
Creators: name: Ballard, Sarah
name: McCauley, Aza
name: Callaghan, Catherine A.
name: Harrington, John Peabody
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015

description: The Papers document a small portion of Catherine Callaghan's research on the Miwok language of California. The collection includes vocabulary sheets for several Miwok languages prepared by Callaghan while a graduate student at U.C. Berkeley, an early inventory of the papers of John Peabody Harrington.