cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First working version of the mobile application and software for the selfscanning application
Creators: name: De Wilde, Thomas
name: Francken, Yannick
name: Axl Fran¸Cois
name: Jorge, Jorge Nino Castaneda
name: Chatzilari, Elisavet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: body matching
avatar morphing
3D modelling
human body models
serverless architecture
SDK

description: In this deliverable, we describe the work put into the development of the first version of the Software Development Kit (SDK). This version will be used for end-to-end testing of the rigged, animatable 3D avatars and the integration with the eTryOn apps. Specifically, the integration of the SDK with the MagicMirror mobile application and the DressMeUp web application. We will have a look at the user interface (UI) of the scan component within the SDK and explain how the SDK, APIs and clouds communicate.
 We explain that the SDK will make use of several micro-services running in an Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud environment. These services are part of a new asynchronous scan architecture and take care of individual steps of the processing pipeline. This
 pipeline takes a front and side picture with accompanying metadata as input. The result of this body matching process is an as accurate as possible 3D representation of the scanned person. We will use the newly adopted STAR body model in order to help the
 3D reconstruction problem of capturing humans to create avatars from the very limited data input. We will go over the basic concepts of the new architecture and provide you with some insights on deployment.
 We also present our newly developed and improved techniques for finding the best matching STAR body parameters. First, we describe our new silhouette-based 3D model morphing technique to produce 3D models that better match with the extracted body
 measurements. The prior information needed for the body matching is described. We have also improved the human chest reconstruction and have performed an analysis of the sensitivity to deviations of the estimated camera parameters. We look at how we determine the camera position, and make suggestions on how to improve the camera pose estimate in the future.
Hidden Worlds: Dynamical Architecture Predictions of Undetected Planets in Multi-planet Systems and Applications to TESS Systems
Creators: name: Dietrich, Jeremy
name: Apai, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-planet systems produce a wealth of information for exoplanet science, but our understanding of planetary architectures is incomplete. Probing these systems further will provide insight into orbital architectures and formation pathways. Here we present a model to predict previously undetected planets in these systems via population statistics. The model considers both transiting and non-transiting planets, and can test the addition of more than one planet. Our tests show the model's orbital period predictions are robust to perturbations in system architectures on the order of a few percent, much larger than current uncertainties. Applying it to the multi-planet systems from TESS provides a prioritized list of targets, based on predicted transit depth and probability, for archival searches and for guiding ground-based follow-up observations hunting for hidden planets.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, accepted to Astronomical Journal
Economic Analysis of the Standard Reinsurance Agreement
Creators: name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Miranda, Mario J.
name: Dismukes, Robert
name: Glauber, Joseph W.
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Miranda, Mario J.
name: Dismukes, Robert
name: Glauber, Joseph W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The paper presents an economic analysis of the Standard Reinsurance Agreement (SRA), the contract that governs the relationship between the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and the private insurance companies that deliver crop insurance products to farmers. The paper outlines provisions of the SRA and describes the modeling methodology behind the SRA simulator, a computer program developed to assist crop insurers and policymakers in assessing the economic impact of the Agreement. The simulator is then used to analyze how the SRA affects returns from underwriting crop insurance at various levels of aggregation.
JWST Transit Spectra I: Exploring Potential Biases and Opportunities in Retrievals of Tidally-locked Hot Jupiters with Clouds and Hazes
Creators: name: Lacy, Brianna I.
name: Burrows, Adam S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the exoplanets for which we can obtain the highest SNR transit spectra are tidally locked. The atmospheres on tidally-locked planets likely exhibit large differences between the day and night side of the planet, the poles, and the morning versus evening terminators. In this paper, we illustrate how the combined effects of aerosols and day-night temperature gradients shape transit spectra of tidally-locked exoplanets when full 3D structures are taken into account and evaluate the implications for retrievals of atmospheric properties. To do this, we have developed a new code, METIS, which can compute transit spectra for an arbitrary longitude-latitude-altitude grid of temperatures and pressures. Using METIS, we pair flexible treatments of clouds and hazes with simple parameterized day-night temperature gradients to compute transit spectra and perform retrieval experiments across a wide array of possible exoplanet atmospheric properties. Our key findings are that: (1) the presence of aerosols typically increases the effects of day-night temperature gradients on transit spectra; (2) ignoring day-night temperature gradients when attempting to perform Bayesian parameter estimation will still return biased results when aerosols are present, as has already been shown for clear atmospheres in the literature; (3) when a day-night temperature gradient is present and accounted for in the retrieval model, some transit spectra can provide sufficient information to constrain temperatures and the width of the transition from day to night. The presence of clouds and hazes can actually tighten such constraints, but also weaken constraints on metallicity. This paper represents a step towards the larger goal of developing models and theory of adequate complexity to match the superior quality data that will soon be available.
description: 35 pages, 23 figures, 3 tables
Real-time estimation of the optically detected magnetic resonance shift in diamond quantum thermometry
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Masazumi
name: Dohms, Alexander
name: Suto, Ken
name: Nishimura, Yushi
name: Oshimi, Keisuke
name: Teki, Yoshio
name: Cai, Kai
name: Benson, Oliver
name: Shikano, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the real-time estimation protocols for the frequency shift of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs). Efficiently integrating multipoint ODMR measurements and ND particle tracking into fluorescence microscopy has recently demonstrated stable monitoring of the temperature inside living animals. We analyze the multipoint ODMR measurement techniques (3-, 4-, and 6-point methods) in detail and quantify the amount of measurement artifact owing to several systematic errors derived from instrumental errors of experimental hardware and ODMR spectral shape. We propose a practical approach to minimize the effect of these factors, which allows for measuring accurate temperatures of single NDs during dynamic thermal events. We also discuss integration of noise filters, data estimation protocols, and possible artifacts for further developments in real-time temperature estimation. The present study provides technical details of quantum diamond thermometry and discusses factors that may affect the temperature estimation in biological applications.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables
REAL OPTIONS ANALYSIS FOR INVESTMENT IN ORGANIC WHEAT AND BARLEY PRODUCTION IN SOUTH CENTRAL NORTH DAKOTA USING PRECISION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY
Creators: name: Ehmke, Mariah D.
name: Golub, Alla A.
name: Harbor, Anetra L.
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Ehmke, Mariah D.
name: Golub, Alla A.
name: Harbor, Anetra L.
name: Boehlje, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: organic wheat production
subject: real options theory
subject: precision agriculture technology

description: Real options theory is employed to measure the value of investing in organic wheat production using precision agriculture technology. Results reveal that an option to wait until market uncertainty is resolved is valuable. Information obtained via precision agriculture technology is also valuable to producers seeking organic certification.
Determining neutralino parameters in Left-Right Supersymmetric Models
Creators: name: Alvarez-Moraga, Nibaldo
name: de Ona, Artorix de la Cruz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report exact analytical expressions relating the fundamental parameters describing the neutralino sector in the context of the left-right supersymmetric model. The method used for such a effects is the projector formalism deduced without take into account the Jarlskog's projector formulae. Also, expressions for the neutralino masses and the neutralino mixing matrix are determined . The results are compared with numerical and analytical ones obtained in similar scenarios in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model.
description: 34 pages, 23 figures
THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF PRICE INSURANCE TO IMPROVE WELFARE OF HONDURAN COFFEE PRODUCERS
Creators: name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Sun, Yan
name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Sun, Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Coffee is the major export crop in Honduras, but the export price is relatively low. This paper investigates the potential role for a coffee price insurance product - based on the use of the coffee future market - to increasing producer welfare by reducing coffee price risk faced by individual farmers. By constructing a typology of six different types of coffee farmers and developing a forecasting model, the authors show that more risk-averse farmers would prefer to buy the insurance contract than those with lower risk aversion. The subjective assessments analysis also show that Honduran coffee producers have optimistic expectations for coffee prices and appear to underestimate the variability of coffee prices.
Majorana corner pairs in a two-dimensional $s$-wave cold atomic superfluid
Creators: name: Wu, Ya-Jie
name: Luo, Xi-Wang
name: Hou, Junpeng
name: Zhang, Chuanwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to prepare Majorana pairs at the corners of imprinted defects on a two-dimensional cold atom optical lattice with $s$-wave superfluid pairing. Different from previous proposals that manipulate the effective Dirac masses, our scheme relies on the sign flip of the spin-orbit coupling at the corners, which can be tuned in experiments by adjusting the angle of incident Raman lasers. The Majorana corner pairs are found to be located at the interface between two regimes with opposite spin orbit coupling strengths in an anticlockwise direction and are robust against certain symmetry-persevered perturbations. Our work provides a new way for implementing and manipulating Majorana pairs with existing cold-atom techniques.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Leaving the Fullerene Road: Presence and Stability of sp Chains in sp2 Carbon Clusters and Cluster-Assembled Solids
Creators: name: Bogana, M.
name: Ravagnan, L.
name: Casari, C. S.
name: Zivelonghi, A.
name: Baserga, A.
name: Bassi, A. Li
name: Bottani, C. E.
name: Vinati, S.
name: Salis, E.
name: Piseri, P.
name: Barborini, E.
name: Colombo, L.
name: Milani, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental and theoretical investigation of the growth and of the structure of large carbon clusters produced in a supersonic expansion by a pulsed microplasma source. The absence of a significant thermal annealing during the cluster growth causes the formation of disordered structures where sp2 and sp hybridizations coexist for particles larger than roughly 90 atoms. Among different structures we recognize sp2 closed networks encaging sp chains. This "nutshell" configuration can prevent the fragmentation of sp species upon deposition of the clusters thus allowing the formation of nanostructured films containing carbynoid species, as shown by Raman spectroscopy. Atomistic simulations confirm that the observed Raman spectra are the signature of the sp/sp2 hybridization characteristic of the isolated clusters and surviving in the film and provide information about the structure of the sp chains. Endohedral sp chains in sp2 cages represent a novel way in which carbon nanostructures may be organized with potential interesting functional properties.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
QANDLI DIABETGA OLIB KELADIGAN JARAYONLAR.
Creators: name: Anvarjonov, Axrorbek
name: Yo'ldasheva, Zuxraxon
name: Husanboyeva, Sarvinoz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada bugungi kunda inson hayoti uchun xavf solayotgan kasalliklardan biri bo’lgan Qandli Diabet va uning kelib chiqish sabablari haqida ma’lumot berilgan.
Interpretation of the Radio/X-ray Knots of AGN Jets within the Internal Shock Model Framework
Creators: name: Sahayanathan, S.
name: Misra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of relativistically moving blobs ejected out of a central AGN, are considered. It is assumed that the collision between two blobs are completely inelastic, such that the bulk kinetic energy lost in the collision is used to energize electrons to relativistic energies via acceleration in internal shocks which are formed due to the collision. These high energy electrons which are produced on a time-scale corresponding to the collision time-scale, cool by radiative losses due to synchrotron and Inverse Compton processes. The model is applied to the radio/X-ray knots of several AGN. For three of these sources we have analyzed long (> 40 ksec) Chandra observations and report on constrains on the X-ray spectral indices. In the framework of this model the AGN are inferred to sporadically eject relativistic blobs on time-scales ranging from 10^{11} to 10^{12} secs for different sources. It is shown that the collision time-scales can be longer than the age of the knot and, hence, non-thermal electrons are continuously being injected into the system. This continuous injection, in contrast to an instantaneous one time injection, gives rise to a characteristic spectral break, rather than a high-energy cutoff in the spectrum.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Speeding Up Particle Slowing using Shortcuts to Adiabaticity
Creators: name: Bartolotta, John P.
name: Reilly, Jarrod T.
name: Holland, Murray J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for slowing particles by laser fields that potentially has the ability to generate large forces without the associated momentum diffusion that results from the random directions of spontaneously scattered photons. In this method, time-resolved laser pulses with periodically modified detunings address an ultranarrow electronic transition to reduce the particle momentum through repeated absorption and stimulated emission cycles. We implement a shortcut to adiabaticity approach that is based on Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant theory. This affords our scheme the advantages of adiabatic transfer, where there can be an intrinsic insensitivity to the precise strength and detuning characteristics of the applied field, with the advantages of rapid transfer that is necessary for obtaining a short slowing distance. For typical parameters of a thermal oven source that generates a particle beam with a central velocity on the order of meters per second, this could result in slowing the particles to near stationary in less than a millimeter. We compare the slowing scheme to widely-implemented slowing techniques that rely on radiation pressure forces and show the advantages that potentially arise when the excited state decay rate is small. Thus, this scheme is a particularly promising candidate to slow narrow-linewidth systems that lack closed cycling transitions, such as occurs in certain molecules.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL REFORM AND U.S. AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT CAPACITY
Creators: name: Hanson, Kenneth
name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Hopkins, Jeffrey W.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Hanson, Kenneth
name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Hopkins, Jeffrey W.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper focuses on U.S. agriculture response to policy reform. A growing body of empirical literature describes the potential aggregate gains for the U.S. markets if global agricultural tariffs and subsidies can be further reduced (USDA, 2001; World Bank, GEP 2002; Tokarick, 2003). These gains are based on an aggregation of expected responses at the micro-level, by firms and households, to changing market conditions. Some of them will be "gainers" whose current economic activities and assets will benefit from the new opportunities presented by policy reform. Some will be "losers" who are adversely affected by the reduction or loss of subsidies or import protection.
Spectroscopy of a Cooper-Pair box in the Autler-Townes configuration
Creators: name: Griffith, E. J.
name: Ralph, J. F.
name: Greentree, Andrew D.
name: Clark, T. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical spectroscopic analysis of a microwave driven superconducting charge qubit (Cooper-pair box coupled) to an RLC oscillator model is performed. By treating the oscillator as a probe through the backreaction effect of the qubit on the oscillator circuit, we extract frequency splitting features analogous to the Autler-Townes effect from quantum optics, thereby extending the analogies between superconducting and quantum optical phenomenology. These features are found in a frequency band that avoids the need for high frequency measurement systems and therefore may be of use in qubit characterization and coupling schemes. In addition we find this frequency band can be adjusted to suit an experimental frequency regime by changing the oscillator frequency.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. v2: Revised version after referee comments. Accepted for publication by Physical Review B
Hat das Ergebnis des Abendmahlsgesprächs ökumenische Bedeutung?
Creators: name: Meyer, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 8 Nr. 1 (1959): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 8, Heft 1
Venturing from Vancouver? : the changing significance of location for traders, underwriters, and brokers of junior financial equities
Creators: name: Sledge, Rachael N.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis responds to Richard O'Brien's pronouncement that geography is rapidly losing purchase as an explanation of the structure of global financial markets. I suggest that O'Brien is in error. Drawing on the work of Gordon Clark and Kevin O'Connor, I argue that financial products have logical, geographical outcomes, predicated on different informational requirements. 1 consider one particular financial product, venture capital. Interviews with financial professionals in Vancouver demonstrate that venture capital has a distinctly local geography of production. Market participants cluster in Vancouver to maximise access to, and interpretation of, information regarding venture companies. Contrary to the obliteration of geography, I argue for its continued importance, represented by the existence of smaller financial hubs, such as Vancouver, and which act as information niches for specific financial products. Further, the thesis suggests that the services involved in the production of venture capital also have distinct geographies. Services have logical locations, dictated by their informational requirements. I consider three services involved in the production of venture equities: trading, corporate finance, and sales. Contrasting the periods 1970-1990, and 1990 to the present, I argue that, because of their informational compositions, the three services had divergent experiences of technological and regulatory change. In the period 1970-1990, all three functions were informationally bound to the city. Traders and salespeople required up-to-the-minute market data, and this demanded a presence near the Vancouver Stock Exchange. Financiers prioritised information about promoters and directors of venture companies, and assembled this through face-to-face interaction in Vancouver. Since 1990, however, the geographies of trading, corporate finance, and sales have been re-made. As up-to-the minute market information was automated and rendered almost ubiquitous, trading and sales functions benefited from increased locational flexibility. Traders centralised, while salespeople decentralised, locating closer to their clients. The location of financiers, by contrast, changed very little. Still dependent upon interaction with directors of venture companies, financiers find a Vancouver location most convenient.
Additional file 2 of Large-scale discovery of male reproductive tract-specific genes through analysis of RNA-seq datasets
Creators: name: Robertson, Matthew J.
name: Kent, Katarzyna
name: Tharp, Nathan
name: Nozawa, Kaori
name: Dean, Laura
name: Mathew, Michelle
name: Grimm, Sandra L.
name: Zhifeng Yu
name: Légaré, Christine
name: Fujihara, Yoshitaka
name: Ikawa, Masahito
name: Sullivan, Robert
name: Coarfa, Cristian
name: Matzuk, Martin M.
name: Garcia, Thomas X.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Genes that passed the TPM and FDR filters in at least one of the measured reproductive tissues or cells were visualized using a heatmap of the RUVr batch corrected log2 CPM gene expression values for the human (A) and mouse (B) samples.
Convergence of spherical averages for actions of free groups
Creators: name: Bufetov, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A30; 47A35

description: Convergence of non-uniform spherical averages is obtained for measure-preserving actions of free groups. This result generalizes theorems of Grigorichuk, Nevo and Stein [in particular, a simpler proof of the Nevo-Stein theorem about uniform spherical averages is obtained.] The proof uses the Markov operator approach, first proposed by R.I. Grigorchuk. To a measure-preserving action of a free group and a matrix of weights, a Markov operator is assigned in such a way that convergence of spherical averages with corresponding weights is equivalent to convergence of powers of the Markov operator. That last is obtained using Rota's "Alternierende Verfahren"; the 0-2 law for Markov operators in the form of Kaimanovich; and a suitable maximal inequality.
description: 16 pages, published version
Differences among Watershed Sub-Populations in Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvements: The Impact of TMDL Development
Creators: name: D'Souza, Gerard E.
name: Collins, Alan R.
name: Benson, Matt
name: Borisova, Tatiana
name: D'Souza, Gerard E.
name: Collins, Alan R.
name: Benson, Matt
name: Borisova, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Opequon watershed is located in northern Virginia (VA) and the eastern panhandle of West Virginia (WV). In both states, Opequon Creek is classified as impaired based on violations of bacteria, benthic and biologic standards. Both VA and WV are using Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plans to improve water quality within Opequon Creek. However, these TMDL plans are at different stages with VA being completed and WV still in progress. As part of the TMDL process in VA, this research is based on a contingent valuation survey which was developed to measure the expected monetary benefits of TMDL implementation throughout the Opequon watershed. On the basis of log-likelihood tests of grouped tobit models to explain willingness-to-pay (WTP) for watershed clean-up, VA, WV, and VA riparian landowner respondents were found to consist of different populations. Riparian landowners had the highest median annual WTP at $64, VA respondents the next highest ($49), and WV the lowest ($32). These medians were found to be statistically different from each other. When valuing out-of-state clean-up, however, VA and WV respondents were found to be similar populations with a one-time median WTP of $28. Results show that the TMDL process did impact VA respondent WTP for in-state clean-up.
Stability and collisions of quantum droplets in PT -symmetric dual-core couplers
Creators: name: Zhou, Zheng
name: Zhu, Bo
name: Wang, Haibin
name: Zhong, Honghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of the interplay between parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry and optical lattice (OL) potential on dynamics of quantum droplets (QDs) forming in a binary bosonic condensate trapped in a dual-core system. It is found that the stability of symmetric QDs in such non-Hermitian system depends critically on the competition of gain and loss $γ$, inter-core coupling $κ$, and OL potential. In the absence of OL potential, the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric QDs are unstable against symmetry-breaking perturbations with the increase of the total condensate norm $N$, and they retrieve the stability at larger $N$, in the weakly-coupled regime. As expected, the stable region of the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric QDs shrinks when $γ$ increases, i.e., the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry is prone to break the stability of QDs. There is a critical value of $κ$ beyond which the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric QDs are entirely stable in the unbroken $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric phase. In the presence of OL potential, the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric on-site QDs are still stable for relatively small and large values of $N$. Nevertheless, it is demonstrated that the OL potential can assist stabilization of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric on-site QDs for some moderate values of $N$. On the other hand, it is worth noting that the relatively small $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric off-site QDs are unstable, and only the relatively large ones are stable. Furthermore, collisions between stable $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric QDs are considered too. It is revealed that the slowly moving $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric QDs tend to merge into breathers, while the fast-moving ones display quasi-elastic collision and suffer fragmentation for small and large values of $N$, respectively.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Role of Disk models in Indentifying Astrophysical Black Holes
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how disk models may limit the scope of identifying astrophysical black holes. We show that the standard Keplerian thin disk model, the thick disk model, slim disks, ADAFs etc. are fundamentally limited. We present the most complete solution to date called the advective accretion disk and discuss how it has the scope to address every observational aspects of a black hole. Though the magnetic field is not fully self-consistently taken care of yet, the details with which the present model can handle various issues successfully are astounding. We present some of the examples.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, To be published in the Proceedings of 10th Marcel Grossman Meeting, Ed. R. Ruffini et al. (World Scientific: Singapore)
On polynomial digraphs
Creators: name: Brunat, Josep M.
name: Montes, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C75; 14H99; 14H05

description: Let $Φ(x,y)$ be a bivariate polynomial with complex coefficients. The zeroes of $Φ(x,y)$ are given a combinatorial structure by considering them as arcs of a directed graph $G(Φ)$. This paper studies some relationship between the polynomial $Φ(x,y)$ and the structure of $G(Φ)$.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, See also http://www-ma2.upc.edu/~montes/
CP^1+U(1) Lattice Gauge Theory in Three Dimensions: Phase Structure, Spins, Gauge Bosons, and Instantons
Creators: name: Takashima, Shunsuke
name: Ichinose, Ikuo
name: Matsui, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a 3D lattice spin model of CP$^1$ Schwinger-bosons coupled with dynamical compact U(1) gauge bosons. The model contains two parameters; the gauge coupling and the hopping parameter of CP$^1$ bosons. At large (weak) gauge couplings, the model reduces to the classical O(3) (O(4)) spin model with long-range and/or multi-spin interactions. It is also closely related to the recently proposed "Ginzburg-Landau" theory for quantum phase transitions of $s=1/2$ quantum spin systems on a 2D square lattice at zero temperature. We numerically study the phase structure of the model by calculating specific heat, spin correlations, instanton density, and gauge-boson mass. The model has two phases separated by a critical line of second-order phase transition; O(3) spin-ordered phase and spin-disordered phase. The spin-ordered phase is the Higgs phase of U(1) gauge dynamics, whereas the disordered phase is the confinement phase. We find a crossover in the confinement phase which separates dense and dilute regions of instantons. On the critical line, spin excitations are gapless, but the gauge-boson mass is {\it nonvanishing}. This indicates that a confinement phase is realized on the critical line. To confirm this point, we also study the noncompact version of the model. A possible realization of a deconfinement phase on the criticality is discussed for the CP$^N$+U(1) model with larger $N$.
description: Discussion of finite size scaling, O(4) spin correlation added
Superconductivity mystery turns 25
Creators: name: Armitage, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1994, an unconventional form of superconductivity was detected in strontium ruthenate. The discovery has shed light on the mechanism of unconventional superconductivity at high temperatures. "The great tragedy of Science [is] the slaying of a beautiful hypothesis by an [experimental] fact." - T.H. Huxley, Biogenesis and abiogenesis, (1884)
description: 3 pages, 1 figure; In Retrospect - News and View; Historical commentary on the discovery of superconductivity in Sr2RuO4
An Analysis of Financing Innovation and Commercialization in Canada's Functional Food and Nutraceutical Sector
Creators: name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Herath, Deepananda P.B.
name: Henson, Spencer J.
name: Sparling, David
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Herath, Deepananda P.B.
name: Henson, Spencer J.
name: Sparling, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Growing consumer interest in functional foods and nutraceuticals has been seen as a significant business opportunity for the agri-food sector. Many of the new firms in this sector are small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). These SMEs often face difficulties in obtaining financing for their functional food and nutraceutical innovation activities. We develop and implement two models to show what factors affect a firm's decision to seek external financing and the level of financing obtained. Firm size, being privately held and engaging in contractual arrangements, have negative impacts on the likelihood of a firm seeking external funding, while firms which are intensively involved in the functional food and nutraceutical sector, with greater prospects for business expansion and/or are involved in partnerships are more likely to seek external financing. Larger firms and those involved in functional food and nutraceutical research and development receive a greater amount of capital when they decided to raise capital. However, firms focused on functional foods and nutraceuticals, as opposed to more diversified firms, and those involved in product development and concept scale-up receive less capital. Our findings highlight the importance of public support in addressing the capital requirements of functional food and nutraceutical firms and underscore the considerable burden in this respect borne by smaller sized firms.
RNA expression profiles of the human ABC transporter family in patient-derived leukemia cell lines and in HL60 cells exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs
Creators: name: Pahl, Allison B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Poor outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is associated with the elevated expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and the Multidrug-Associated Resistance Protein (MRP1), members of the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) protein superfamily. However, a proportion of A M L patient blasts demonstrates drug-efflux that is not correlated with Pgp or MRP1 expression. The AML1, 2 and 3 cell lines, derived from AML patient blasts at relapse, exhibit ATP-dependent daunorubicin accumulation with no Pgp and low MRP1 expression. This evidence strongly suggests the presence of energy-dependent processes distinct from Pgp that contribute to daunorubicin efflux. The large number of human ABC proteins (>50) and the complex nature of drug efflux in Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR) deems it reasonable to expect that currently uncharacterized ABC proteins may contribute to drug efflux in AML. Our laboratory has developed a Competitive-Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (C-RT-PCR) assay to examine global mRNA expression of 40 human A BC transcripts to evaluate their contribution to MDR in cancer cell lines. This assay uses RNA competitors for each transcript and the fluorescently labeled PCR products are detected using an automated DNA sequencer. Surprisingly, C-RT-PCR expression profiles of the AML cell lines revealed that the majority of ABC transcripts examined were detectable (75%) and that considerable patient heterogeneity was evident, providing no clear indication of which ABCs might be relevant to MDR. To address this issue, we examined whether chemotherapeutic drugs could induce expression of ABC genes. The human HL60 leukemic cell line was exposed for 24 hours to individual chemotherapeutic drugs at low drug concentrations. Using C-RT-PCR, significant expression changes were detected with only 2% of the transcripts examined. Among these, a 6.2 ± 1.1-fold increase in MRP7 (p<0.01), a novel member of the Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein subfamily of ABC transporters, was observed with daunorubicin treatment (1/2 IC ₅₀). Efforts then focused on generating a MRP7 cDNA construct to be used in drug resistance assays of transfected cells. The absence of significant expression changes in response to drug exposure might suggest that induction of ABC gene expression may not play a significant role in the development of drug resistance in HL60 cells.
Fedosov's formal symplectic groupoids and contravariant connections
Creators: name: Karabegov, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A22; 53D05

description: Using Fedosov's approach we give a geometric construction of a formal symplectic groupoid over any Poisson manifold endowed with a torsion-free Poisson contravariant connection. In the case of Kaehler-Poisson manifolds this construction provides, in particular, the formal symplectic groupoids with separation of variables. We show that the dual of a semisimple Lie algebra does not admit torsion-free Poisson contravariant connections.
description: 29 pages
Additional file 1 of Large-scale discovery of male reproductive tract-specific genes through analysis of RNA-seq datasets
Creators: name: Robertson, Matthew J.
name: Kent, Katarzyna
name: Tharp, Nathan
name: Nozawa, Kaori
name: Dean, Laura
name: Mathew, Michelle
name: Grimm, Sandra L.
name: Zhifeng Yu
name: Légaré, Christine
name: Fujihara, Yoshitaka
name: Ikawa, Masahito
name: Sullivan, Robert
name: Coarfa, Cristian
name: Matzuk, Martin M.
name: Garcia, Thomas X.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Tables S1, S2, S11, S12, S13, and S14. Table S1. Summary of Human RNA-seq datasets. This table contains the SRA value for each previously published human RNA-seq dataset that was reanalyzed as part of this study. The GEO accession number for each new human RNA-seq dataset generated and subsequently analyzed in this study is also included. Table S2. Summary of Mouse RNA-seq datasets. This table contains the SRA value for each previously published mouse RNA-seq dataset that was reanalyzed as part of this study. The GEO accession number for each new mouse sample generated and subsequently analyzed in this study is also included. Table S11. Single-guide RNAs targeting the genes’ upstream (U) and downstream (D) regions used for generating knockout mice. Efficiency of embryo transplantation was presented using the number of total pups delivered by pseudopregnant mice divided by the number of total embryos used for oviduct transplantation (Total pups/embryos transplanted). Efficiency of genome editing was determined by the number of pups carrying enzymatic mutations divided by the number of pups subjected to genotyping (GM pups/pups genotyped). Table S12. Sanger sequencing of detailed genotype of mutant DNA sequences in all the five mouse lines. Table S13. Primers and PCR conditions used for genotyping the mutant alleles of the knockout mouse lines. Table S14. Human and mouse RT-PCR primer sequences used for verification of reproductive tract-specificity.
Legal knowledge and economic development: The case of land rights in Uganda
Creators: name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Ali, Daniel Ayalew
name: Yamano, Takashi
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Ali, Daniel Ayalew
name: Yamano, Takashi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Mixed evidence on the impact of formal title in much of Africa is often used to question the relevance of dealing with land policy issues in this continent. We use data from Uganda to assess the impact of a disaggregated set of rights on investment, productivity, and land values and to test the hypothesis that individuals' lack of knowledge of the new law reduces their tenure security. Results point towards strong and positive effects of greater tenure security and transferability. Use of exogenous knowledge of its provisions as a proxy for the value of the land law suggests that this piece of legislation had major economic benefits that remain to be fully realized.
Incorporating User Micro-behaviors and Item Knowledge into Multi-task Learning for Session-based Recommendation
Creators: name: Meng, Wenjing
name: Yang, Deqing
name: Xiao, Yanghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Session-based recommendation (SR) has become an important and popular component of various e-commerce platforms, which aims to predict the next interacted item based on a given session. Most of existing SR models only focus on exploiting the consecutive items in a session interacted by a certain user, to capture the transition pattern among the items. Although some of them have been proven effective, the following two insights are often neglected. First, a user's micro-behaviors, such as the manner in which the user locates an item, the activities that the user commits on an item (e.g., reading comments, adding to cart), offer fine-grained and deep understanding of the user's preference. Second, the item attributes, also known as item knowledge, provide side information to model the transition pattern among interacted items and alleviate the data sparsity problem. These insights motivate us to propose a novel SR model MKM-SR in this paper, which incorporates user Micro-behaviors and item Knowledge into Multi-task learning for Session-based Recommendation. Specifically, a given session is modeled on micro-behavior level in MKM-SR, i.e., with a sequence of item-operation pairs rather than a sequence of items, to capture the transition pattern in the session sufficiently. Furthermore, we propose a multi-task learning paradigm to involve learning knowledge embeddings which plays a role as an auxiliary task to promote the major task of SR. It enables our model to obtain better session representations, resulting in more precise SR recommendation results. The extensive evaluations on two benchmark datasets demonstrate MKM-SR's superiority over the state-of-the-art SR models, justifying the strategy of incorporating knowledge learning.
Vibration-Enhanced Spin-Selective Transport of Electrons in DNA Double Helix
Creators: name: Du, Gui-Fang
name: Fu, Hua-Hua
name: Wu, Ruqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-selective transport through helical molecules has been a hot topic in condensed matter physics, because it develops a new research direction in spintronics, \emph{i.e.}, chiro-spintronics. Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules have been considered as promising candidates to study this topic, since the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in dsDNA was observed in experiment. Considering that the dsDNA molecules are usually flexible in mechanical properties, vibration may be one of important factors to influence the CISS effect. Here, we investigate the influences of electron-vibration interaction (EVI) on the spin-selective transport in dsDNA molecules. We uncover that the EVI not only enhances the CISS effect and the spin polarization ($P_s$) in dsDNA, but also induces a series of new spin-splitting transmission modes. More interesting, these vibration-induced transmission spectra tend to host the same $P_s$ values as those of the original spin-splitting transmission modes, making the $P_s$ spectra to display as a continuous platform even in the energy gap. Our work not only provides us a deep understanding into the influence of vibrations on the CISS effect in helical molecules, {but also puts forwards a feasible route to detect the vibration-induced spin-polarized transport in low-dimensional molecular systems
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Precessions in Relativity
Creators: name: Sigismondi, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From Mercury's perihelion precession (open question from 1845 to 1915) to Gravity Probe-B satellite (first proposal in 1959, launch in 2004), General Relativity had to deal with precession phenomena. Perihelion advancement precession (Einstein), geodetic (de Sitter), gravitomagnetic (Lense-Thirring) and spin-spin (Pugh-Schiff) precession are compared with all Newtonian terms in cases of weak and strong gravitational fields. Qualitative models and order of magnitude estimates from classical papers are presented.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of X Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, July 20-26, 2003
Is Individual Behavior Oriented to Self-interest, Other-interest or both? Empirical Evidence from a Case Study of Social Capital
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenyu
name: Lynne, Gary D.
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
name: Lynne, Gary D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: social capital
subject: self-interest
subject: other-interest
subject: motivation

description: While social capital is becoming mainstreamed in social science, much remains to be done to better understand its' nature. This is especially true for "What motivates the investment in social capital, and what affects the level of social capital?" An earlier paper by Robison, Schmid and Siles ( 2002) suggests that social capital is motivated by sympathy, and thus in some sense it is sympathy. The empirical testing herein suggests that the formation of social capital may well be motivated in part by an empathetic, sympathetic tendency toward pursuing a shared other-interest. Data used in the test is from a mid-western U.S.A. rural community we refer to herein as "Nirvana" as it was identified in Cordes et al. (2003). The evidence shows Nirvana residents value social capital as a means of reaching self-interested ends as conditioned by shared other-interest. There appears to be a kind of symbiosis at work between the two interests, self-interest and other-interest, which likely explains the development success of this community. The question on what degree of orientation from strict attention to self-interest leads to greater viability in communities like Nirvana remains unresolved, and to answer the question explicitly requires further research on comparison of communities at different levels of economic viability and social capital.
Dynamical stability of two-dimensional metals in the periodic table
Creators: name: Ono, Shota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical stability of elemental two-dimensional (2D) metals from Li to Pb by calculating the phonon band structure from first principles, where 2D structures are assumed to be planer hexagonal, buckled honeycomb, and buckled square lattice structures. We show the relationship between the stability of 2D structures and that of three-dimensional structures. This provides a material design concept for alloys, where the similarity with regard to the stable 2D structures, rather than the energetic stability of alloy, is important to yield dynamically stable alloys.
description: 14 pages, 57 figures
Farm Financial Performance from Borrower and Lender Perspectives
Creators: name: Durguner, Sena
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Katchova, Ani L.
name: Durguner, Sena
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Katchova, Ani L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This study answers how profitability changes from a lender and borrower perspective. Using the FBFM data for periods from 1995 to 2004, we find that the variables that explain the profitability of a lender and borrower differ. Further, doing the regression according to categories, gives us different results in the significance of the explanatory variables.