cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Opportunities for underground geological storage of CO2 in New Zealand : report CCS-08/1, Waikato and onshore Taranaki overview
Creators: name: Funnell, Robert H.
name: King, Peter R.
name: Edbrooke, Steve W.
name: Higgs, Karen E.
name: Strogen, Dominic P.
name: Arnot, Malcolm J.
name: Bland, Kyle J.
name: Field, Brad D.
Publisher: name: GNS Science
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03vaqfv64
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2009

description:  A summary and ranking of geological storage options for CO2 in the Waikato region and potential reservoirs in the onshore Taranaki Basin is presented herein, based on a series of reports delivered as part of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) research programme. The scope of this report comprises: 1) A background review of CO2 sequestration or storage, some current projects overseas, and an overview of the natural properties of CO2. 2) A review of generic geological CO2 storage options including: deep unmineable coal seams, and abandoned underground coal mines; deep, saline formations; depleted or near-depleted oil and gas fields, including discussion on enhanced oil and enhanced gas recovery (EOR and EGR) using CO2 injection. 3) Summary of storage options in the Waikato region. 4) Summary of storage options in the onshore Taranaki Basin reservoirs. 5) Summary comments and recommendations. (auth)
Identification of a Novel OX40L+ Dendritic Cell Subset That Selectively Expands Regulatory T-Cells
Creators: name: Marinelarena, Alejandra
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been demonstrated to play a protective role in autoimmune disease through the dendritic cell-mediated expansion of regulatory T-cells (Tregs). We have previously shown that GM-CSF derived bone-marrow dendritic cells (G-BMDCs) can induce expansion of Tregs through the surface-bound molecule OX40L; however, the physiological relevance of this ex vivo derived DC subset remained to be elucidated. We determined OX40L+G-BMDCs, and not OX40L-G-BMDCs, were responsible for the selective expansion of Tregs expressing functionally suppressive markers. Phenotypic characterization of OX40L+G-BMDCs revealed higher expression levels of co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules, CD80, CD86, and PDL2. Furthermore, OX40L+CD11c+ cells, phenotypically and functionally similar to OX40L+G-BMDCs, were identified in the spleen, brachial lymph nodes and liver of GM-CSF treated mice, but absent in the thymus. Concordantly, the percentage of functionally suppressive Tregs was increased in the spleen, brachial lymph nodes, and liver, of GM-CSF treated mice, but not the thymus, implying a role for OX40L+ DCs in peripheral Treg expansion. Microarray analysis of OX40L+G-BMDCs and OX40L-G-BMDCs revealed significant differences in the expression of PDL2, IL33, CCL17, and CCL22 molecules which could play important roles in the tolerogenic function of OX40L+CD11c+ DCs. Comparing the transcriptome data from OX40L+ G-BMDCs to that of all immune cell types from the ImmGen database revealed OX40L+ G-BMDCs to be distinct from steady-state immune cells. These findings suggest that OX40L+CD11c+ DCs represent a unique tolerogenic DC subset which may play an essential role in maintaining Treg homeostasis and suppressing autoimmunity.
The effects of British Columbia hospital closures on delivery of health care services and the population's health
Creators: name: Panagiotoglou, Dimitra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Background: In 2002, British Columbia (BC) began redistributing its hospital services. Existing facilities closed, were downsized or became specialized. Reasons for these changes included the centralization of the health authorities and subsequently the redistribution of services, along with safety concerns regarding small units, difficulties recruiting and retaining staff, and policy changes in the province’s Standards of Accessibility. At the same time, innovations in service delivery, such as inter-hospital transfer practices and telehealth initiatives (e.g. telestroke), modified how health care is provided. Effective health service delivery is a complex matter. Over a decade since redistribution began, there has been no evaluation of the changes in service distribution and their impact on patient health. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all adult (18 years and over) acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, and severe trauma events that occurred within the province between April 1 1999 and March 31 2013. Using administrative data, segmented regression and hierarchical hazards modelling techniques, this study examines the effect of service redistribution on patients’ mortality outcomes. Results: The interrupted time series models found service redistribution was not associated with changes in 30-day mortality outcomes, and was likely a response to facility underutilization. Although there was extensive variation in patient access to care (travel burden) across health authorities, the hierarchical Cox proportional hazards models showed that long travel time (>30 mins) was not associated with patient short term mortality after controlling for appropriateness and quality of care along with compensating mechanisms such as inter-hospital transfers, and telehealth services. Conclusion: This work demonstrates that efficiencies in health system delivery can be gained by eliminating underutilized acute care services but also identifies challenges in ensuring equitable access to care.
Top LHCb Physics
Creators: name: Kagan, Alexander L.
name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Stone, Sheldon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that top physics can be studied at the LHCb experiment, and that top production could be observed. Since LHCb covers a large pseudorapidity region in the forward direction, it has unique abilities to probe new physics in the top sector. Furthermore, we demonstrate that LHCb may be able to measure a t\bar t production rate asymmetry, and thus indirectly probe an anomalous forward backward t\bar t asymmetry in the forward region; a possibility suggested by the enhanced forward-backward asymmetry reported by the CDF experiment.
description: References added, checked that the Wt background is negligible
From laboratory experiments to LISA Pathfinder: achieving LISA geodesic motion
Creators: name: Antonucci, F
name: Armano, M
name: Audley, H
name: Auger, G
name: Benedetti, M
name: Binetruy, P
name: Boatella, C
name: Bogenstahl, J
name: Bortoluzzi, D
name: Bosetti, P
name: Brandt, N
name: Caleno, M
name: Cavalleri, A
name: Cesa, M
name: Chmeissani, M
name: Ciani, G
name: Conchillo, A
name: Congedo, G
name: Cristofolini, I
name: Cruise, M
name: Danzmann, K
name: De Marchi, F
name: Diaz-Aguilo, M
name: Diepholz, I
name: Dixon, G
name: Dolesi, R
name: Dunbar, N
name: Fauste, J
name: Ferraioli, L
name: Fertin, D
name: Fichter, W
name: Fitzsimons, E
name: Freschi, M
name: Marin, A García
name: Marirrodriga, C García
name: Gerndt, R
name: Gesa, L
name: Giardini, D
name: Gibert, F
name: Grimani, C
name: Grynagier, A
name: Guillaume, B
name: Guzmán, F
name: Harrison, I
name: Heinzel, G
name: Hewitson, M
name: Hollington, D
name: Hough, J
name: Hoyland, D
name: Hueller, M
name: Huesler, J
name: Jeannin, O
name: Jennrich, O
name: Jetzer, P
name: Johlander, B
name: Killow, C
name: Llamas, X
name: Lloro, I
name: Lobo, A
name: Maarschalkerweerd, R
name: Madden, S
name: Mance, D
name: Mateos, I
name: McNamara, P W
name: Mendestì, J
name: Mitchell, E
name: Monsky, A
name: Nicolini, D
name: Nicolodi, D
name: Nofrarias, M
name: Pedersen, F
name: Perreur-Lloyd, M
name: Perreca, A
name: Plagnol, E
name: Prat, P
name: Racca, G D
name: Rais, B
name: Ramos-Castro, J
name: Reiche, J
name: Perez, J A Romera
name: Robertson, D
name: Rozemeijer, H
name: Sanjuan, J
name: Schleicher, A
name: Schulte, M
name: Shaul, D
name: Stagnaro, L
name: Strandmoe, S
name: Steier, F
name: Sumner, T J
name: Taylor, A
name: Texier, D
name: Trenkel, C
name: Tombolato, D
name: Vitale, S
name: Wanner, G
name: Ward, H
name: Waschke, S
name: Wass, P
name: Weber, W J
name: Zweifel, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a quantitative assessment of the performance of the upcoming LISA Pathfinder geodesic explorer mission. The findings are based on the results of extensive ground testing and simulation campaigns using flight hardware and flight control and operations algorithms. The results show that, for the central experiment of measuring the stray differential acceleration between the LISA test masses, LISA Pathfinder will be able to verify the overall acceleration noise to within a factor two of the LISA requirement at 1 mHz and within a factor 6 at 0.1 mHz. We also discuss the key elements of the physical model of disturbances, coming from LISA Pathfinder and ground measurement, that will guarantee the LISA performance.
description: Proceedings of the 8th LISA Symposium. To appear Class. Quantum Grav. 28 (2011)
Watching outside while under a carpet cloak of invisibility
Creators: name: Zhao, Jin-Zhu
name: Wang, De-Lin
name: Peng, Ru-Wen
name: Wang, Mu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate in this letter a unique approach for watching outside while hiding in a carpet cloaking based on transformation optics. Unlike conventional carpet cloaking, which screens all the incident electromagnetic waves, we break the cloak and allow incident light get into the carpet. Hence outside information is detected inside the cloak. To recover the invisible cloaking, complementary techniques are applied in the broken space. Consequently, a hiding-inside-and-watching-outside (HIWO) carpet cloak is sewed, which works as a perfectly invisible cloaking and allows surveillance of the outside at the same time. Our work provides a strategy for ideal cloak with "hiding" and "watching" functions simultaneously.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures. This is the second version of arXiv:1009.2849, which was submitted on Sept.15, 2010
The Art of Governing Well: Freedom and the Practice of Government in Modern India
Creators: name: Aviral Pathak
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This dissertation studies political development and transformation in modern India. It stresses the impact of Indian political thought in shaping governmental practice since the 1940s. The theoretical emphasis is placed on freedom and, in particular, how Indians have thought themselves as free and in how this thought has inspired practices of government in a range of sectors including the family, and the private and public sectors. Two important moments in Indian political thinking around freedom since the mid-twentieth century are identified and elaborated. Between the 1940s and 1960s, the theory of freedom was framed in a juridico-political register where the rights of the newly independent Indian subject both defined the individual’s freedom and the parameters of governmental practice. Through their juridically secured rights, the Indian subject-citizen was at once made free and obliged to a nation-building project. And government governed well when it respected the rights of each and all as it pursued the urgent task of forming a composite nation. By the 1970s, this theory of freedom is critiqued and gives way to a theory framed in a more politico-economic register where the utility-maximizing choices of free individuals both define their freedom and governmental practice. The new Indian subject of choice is thought of as responsible for securing their personally defined future rather than a future nation. Accordingly, the nation-building project is largely estranged from governmental discourse. Now government governs well when it maximizes the choices of free individuals. This shift from a rights-based to a choice-based theory of freedom is detailed in the family and the problem of governing youth, in the private sector and the rise of market research, and in the public sector and the challenges of urban planning. Child psychologists, market researchers, and urban planners not only revise how they think and know the individual as free, they also recommend governmental practice adjust to better align with the interests of Indians as free choosers. Moreover, these changes in governmental thought and practice also speak to and resonate with traditional class, gender, and social relations in India.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ATHLETES’ RECOVERY AFTER SUB-MAXIMAL PHYSICAL LOADS
Creators: name: Fudin, N.A.
name: Klassina S.Ya.
Publisher: name: Theory and Practice of Physical Culture
Year: 2021
Subjects: SUB-MAXIMAL PHYSICAL LOAD TO FAILURE
RECOVERY
LOCAL RHYTHMIC THERMAL EFFECTS

description: Objective of the study was to identify the specific features of recovery of the functional status of a person under rest conditions and using the local rhythmic thermal effects after performing sub-maximal physical loads to failure. Methods and structure of the study. The study involved 19 male amateur athletes aged 18-20 years. Each testee was examined twice, when they were to do physical exercise to failure on a cycle ergometer. During the first examination, the athletes recovered after the exercise in a state of rest (passive recovery), and during the second - against the local rhythmic thermal effects synchronized with the respiratory rhythm. The athletes’ functional status was evaluated based on the ECG and pneumogram data, external respiration rates, and level of subjective well-being. Before and after the examination, we measured the subjects’ arterial blood pressure and hemodynamic indices. Results and conclusions. The local rhythmic thermal effects synchronized with the respiratory rhythm activated the vasomotor center in the medulla oblongata and shifted the autonomic balance towards the parasympathetic nervous system. As a result, the vessel lumen increased, which led to a decrease in the cardiac output and contributed to the normalization of hemodynamics. With the increase in the parasympathetic effects, there occurred a bronchial narrowing, which led to a downward trend in lung ventilation. As a result, there were fewer shifts in the vegetative values relative to their initial background, which suggested an almost complete recovery of the functional status of the testees. This clearly proves the effectiveness of recovery based on the local rhythmic thermal effects.
Forward-Backward t tbar Asymmetry from Anomalous Stop Pair Production
Creators: name: Isidori, Gino
name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a simple Standard Model (SM) extension with only two new light fields: a scalar partner of the top (stop) (with mass above m_t) and a light neutral fermion chi^0 (with mass of a few GeV), coupled to SM quarks via a Yukawa interaction. We show that such model can lead to a significant enhancement of the forward-backward asymmetry in t tbar production at the Tevatron via the additional t tbar pairs produced from (stop anti-stop) decays. The model satisfies existing constraints on new-physics searches both at low and high energies, and could even address the cosmological dark-matter abundance. The implications for future searches at the LHC are briefly outlined.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; few typos and numerical errors corrected; extended phenomenological discussions; added note on the possible impact in W+jj; conclusions unchanged
Seeing like monks : strife and order at Kōyasan temple, Japan, fourteenth to seventeenth centuries
Creators: name: Okawa, Eiji
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This study reassesses the politics of religious institutions from the late medieval to the early Tokugawa era in Japan. It suggests that the dominant discourse on the topic has been constrained by a theoretical tension between religion and the state as the main framing device. What has been overlooked is the interplay between geographical manifestations of religion and politics. This study examines documents of the Kōyasan Buddhist temple, to learn how monks overcame tensions at the contested space of the temple from the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries. It was found that in the late medieval period (fourteenth to the late sixteenth centuries), the numinous power of the temple was exploited by monks to transform themselves into regional overlords. Monks controlled land through the medium of a sacred landscape and governed the region in unison with deities. This changed with the emergence in the late sixteenth century of the unified state of early modern Japan. The state curtailed the potential of the sacred to give rise to autonomous power, all the while consolidating its hold by ritually tapping the numinous power of a national landscape. It also entrenched its power at the heart of the temple society by issuing land grants. Accompanying this shift was an epochal change in the manner by which the temple space was organized. In the medieval period, monks forged a ritualized unity to overcome conflict and impose order. The unitive impulse was broken inadvertently by the state with its land grants. Internal divisions hardened and it no longer became possible to overcome differences. Divided groups then tapped the state’s judicature to rebuild their society. From the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries, the source of order at the temple shifted from the sacred to the state. For monks, both authorities were higher powers that they needed to contain the fluidity of their contested space.
Penrose Inequality for Asymptotically AdS Spaces
Creators: name: Itkin, Igor
name: Oz, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity, the Penrose inequality relates the mass and the entropy associated with a gravitational background. If the inequality is violated by an initial Cauchy data, it suggests a creation of a naked singularity, thus providing means to consider the cosmic censorship hypothesis. We propose a general form of Penrose inequality for asymptotically locally AdS spaces.
description: 4 pages, Latex, ref. added
In Context We Trust: A Social-Cognitive Theory of Trust
Creators: name: Carsel, Timothy S
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Interpersonal trust is an important facet of relationships, but current theories and research paradigms on interpersonal trust may be incomplete. Trust has traditionally been studied as either a trait of the individual or a facet of a specific relationship between two people. Although both approaches highlight different and important aspects of the psychology of trust, both approaches are limited in their ability to uncover more minute dynamics. In this paper, I proposed and tested a goal-specific theory of interpersonal trust, the Interdependent Goal Model of Interpersonal Trust (IGM). I argued that the trust between two people varies across the interdependent goals that are shared within a relationship and that this variability is important for understanding interpersonal relationships. If trust does vary meaningfully within a given relationship, then trait and relationship paradigms of interpersonal trust will be inappropriate to investigate this variability. Testing the hypotheses derived from the IGM required a methodology sensitive to the idiosyncratic goals and relationships of the participants. To this end, I employed a novel and ideographically-tailored survey in which participants described their current goals and best friend. After participants described their goals and best friend, they were asked to what extent they would trust their best friend across some of their most and least important goals. In line with my hypotheses, participants’ reported trust in their best friend varied across goals, and the degree to which participants’ best friend’s strength was relevant to the goal predicted the trust my participants reported placing in their best friend. In contrast to my hypotheses, participants reported greater trust in their best friend for more, relative to less, important goals, and the relevance of the best friends’ weaknesses to the goal was not predictive of trust. The IGM and associated research paradigm is a promising orientation to interpersonal trust. Intra-relational trust varies across the interdependent goals that are shared within a relationship, and this variability is predictable. More research is needed to better understand how trust operates within a relationship.
Time reversal non-invariant non-Abelian topological order in non-centrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Ghosh, Parag
name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Tewari, Sumanta
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-dimensional non-centrosymmetric superconductors, where the order parameter is a mixture of s-wave and p-wave parts, in the presence of an externally induced Zeeman splitting. We derive the conditions under which the system is in a non-Abelian phase. By considering the non-degenerate zero-energy Majorana solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) equations for a vortex and by constructing a topological invariant, we show that the condition for the non-Abelian phase to exist is completely independent of the triplet pairing amplitude. The existence condition for the non-Abelian phase derived from the real space solutions of the BdG equations involves the Pfaffian of the BdG Hamiltonian at k = 0, which is completely insensitive to the magnitude of the p-wave component of the order parameter. We arrive at the same conclusion by using the appropriate topological invariant for this case. This is in striking contrast to the analogous condition for the time-reversal invariant topological phases, in which the amplitude of the p-wave component must be larger than the amplitude of the s-wave piece of the order parameter. As a by-product, we establish the intrinsic connection between the Pfaffian of the BdG Hamiltonian at k = 0 (which arises at the BdG approach) and the relevant Z topological invariant.
description: Minor changes - discussions expanded and figure added
An investigation of the SCOZA for narrow square-well potentials and in the sticky limit
Creators: name: Pini, Davide
name: Parola, Alberto
name: Colombo, Jader
name: Reatto, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the self consistent Ornstein-Zernike approximation (SCOZA) for square-well (SW) potentials of narrow width delta. The main purpose of this investigation is to elucidate whether in the limit delta --> 0, the SCOZA predicts a finite value for the second virial coefficient at the critical temperature B2(Tc), and whether this theory can lead to an improvement of the approximate Percus-Yevick solution of the sticky hard-sphere (SHS) model due to Baxter [R. J. Baxter, J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2770 (1968)]. For SW of non vanishing delta, the difficulties due to the influence of the boundary condition at high density already encountered in an earlier investigation [E. Schoell-Paschinger, A. L. Benavides, and R. Castaneda-Priego, J. Chem. Phys. 123, 234513 (2005)] prevented us from obtaining reliable results for delta < 0.1. In the sticky limit this difficulty can be circumvented, but then the SCOZA fails to predict a liquid-vapor transition. The picture that emerges from this study is that for delta --> 0, the SCOZA does not fulfill the expected prediction of a constant B2(Tc) [M. G. Noro and D. Frenkel, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 2941 (2000)], and that for thermodynamic consistency to be usefully exploited in this regime, one should probably go beyond the Ornstein-Zernike ansatz.
description: 40 pages, 13 figures. Previous Sec. 2 on the Yukawa potential has been removed. Only the square-well potential is considered in this version
Particle size and phase equilibria in classical logarithmic fluid
Creators: name: Lasich, M.
name: Zloshchastiev, K. G.
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90403 Chemical Engineering Design
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: An interparticle interaction potential has been recently proposed in studies of condensate-like systems described by logarithmically nonlinear equations, such as the superfluid helium-4 and Korteweg-type melts. It has the shape of a Gaussian multiplied by a linear function and can switch between the attraction and repulsion regimes as the distance varies. We consider a classical fluid model with a discretized version of this potential in Monte Carlo molecular simulations in the Gibbs ensemble. We demonstrate a two-phase system consisting of a dense “liquid” phase in coexistence with a significantly less dense “vapour” phase. For computations, the particle size term in the potential was varied to determine its effect on both the phase envelope and the critical point of the system. It is found that the logarithm of the dimensionless critical temperature decreases in a sigmoid fashion with increasing particle size, while the critical density may be directly proportional to the particle size.
Dust and the type II-Plateau supernova 2004dj
Creators: name: Meikle, Peter
name: Kotak, Rubina
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Mattila, Seppo
name: van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: Andersen, Anja C.
name: Fesen, Rob
name: Filippenko, Alex V.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Fransson, Claes
name: Gerardy, Christopher L.
name: Hoeflich, Peter A.
name: Lundqvist, Peter
name: Pozzo, Monica
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy of a Type II-plateau supernova, SN 2004dj, obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope, spanning 106--1393 d after explosion. MIR photometry plus optical/near-IR observations are also reported. An early-time MIR excess is attributed to emission from non-silicate dust formed within a cool dense shell (CDS). Most of the CDS dust condensed between 50 d and 165 d, reaching a mass of 0.3 x 10^{-5} Msun. Throughout the observations much of the longer wavelength (>10 microns) part of the continuum is explained as an IR echo from interstellar dust. The MIR excess strengthened at later times. We show that this was due to thermal emission from warm, non-silicate dust formed in the ejecta. Using optical/near-IR line-profiles and the MIR continua, we show that the dust was distributed as a disk whose radius appeared to be slowly shrinking. The disk radius may correspond to a grain destruction zone caused by a reverse shock which also heated the dust. The dust-disk lay nearly face-on, had high opacities in the optical/near-IR regions, but remained optically thin in the MIR over much of the period studied. Assuming a uniform dust density, the ejecta dust mass by 996 d was 0.5 +/- 0.1) x 10^{-4} Msun, and exceeded 10^{-4}Msun by 1393 d. For a dust density rising toward the center the limit is higher. Nevertheless, this study suggests that the amount of freshly-synthesized dust in the SN 2004dj ejecta is consistent with that found from previous studies, and adds further weight to the claim that such events could not have been major contributors to the cosmic dust budget.
description: ApJ in press; minor changes c.f. v1
Novel technique for supernova detection with IceCube
Creators: name: Demiroers, L.
name: Ribordy, M.
name: Salathe, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current supernova detection technique used in IceCube relies on the sudden deviation of the summed photomultiplier noise rate from its nominal value during the neutrino burst, making IceCube a $\approx 3$ Megaton effective detection volume - class supernova detector. While galactic supernovae can be resolved with this technique, the supernova neutrino emission spectrum remains unconstrained and thus presents a limited potential for the topics related to supernova core collapse models. The paper elaborates analytically on the capabilities of IceCube to detect supernovae through the analysis of hits in the detector correlated in space and time. These arise from supernova neutrinos interacting in the instrumented detector volume along single strings. Although the effective detection volume for such coincidental hits is much smaller ($\gtrsim 35\,$kton, about the scale of SuperK), a wealth of information is obtained due to the comparatively low coincidental noise rate. We demonstrate that a neutrino flux from a core collapse supernova will produce a signature enabling the resolution of rough spectral features and, in the case of a strong signal, providing indication on its location. We further discuss the enhanced potential of a rather modest detector extension, a denser array in the center of IceCube, within our one dimensional analytic calculation framework. Such an extension would enable the exploration of the neutrino sky above a few GeV and the detection of supernovae up to a few 100's of kilo parsec. However, a $3-4\,$Mpc detection distance, necessary for routine supernova detection, demands a significant increase of the effective detection volume and can be obtained only with a more ambitious instrument, particularly the boosting of sensor parameters such as the quantum efficiency and light collection area.
description: 12 p., 10 fig
A Contextual Theory on the Generation Effect
Creators: name: McCurdy, Matthew P
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The generation effect is the memory benefit for information that is self-generated compared to information that is read. Several boundary conditions have been identified for this effect, suggesting the memory benefit for generating is not universal, but instead depends on certain experimental factors. Although several theories have been proposed to account for the generation effect throughout the study of this memory phenomenon, the existing theories often only apply under a specific set of experimental conditions, limiting their explanatory power. Based on principles of contextualism, I develop and empirically test a contextual theory of the generation effect that flexibly accounts for variations in the generation effect by considering interactions among four key experimental factors: encoding task, materials, memory test, and subject (abilities). To test the theory, I compared the size of the generation effect across 16 different experimental contexts (representing variation in how these four experimental factors interact with one another). The results of this study confirm that the generation effect is strongly influenced by the experimental context under which it is studied, revealing that the generation effect (i.e., the memory benefit over reading) varied from a 10% to 20% increase for a free recall memory test and from a 22% to 36% increase for a recognition memory test across the different experimental contexts. Further, analyses showed a four-way interaction between each of the four factors included in the theory, suggesting that these factors uniquely influence the outcomes of generation effect studies. The overall pattern of results, however, did not fully align with the predictions of the contextual theory, highlighting that more research is needed to refine the theory. The data from this project can be used as a guide for future investigations on the interactions among the four key factors to inform future theoretical work and advance understanding of the generation effect.
Supplemental Material from Refutation of traumatic insemination in the Drosophila bipectinata species complex
Creators: name: Polak, Michal
name: McEvey, Shane F.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary Materials and Methods, Table S1, Figures S1-S3, and Supplementary References
Physical and magnetic properties of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ single crystals
Creators: name: Thaler, A.
name: Ni, N.
name: Kracher, A.
name: Yan, J. Q.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$)$_2$As$_2$, $x<0.37$, have been grown and characterized by structural, magnetic and transport measurements. These measurements show that the structural/magnetic phase transition found in pure BaFe$_2$As$_2$ at 134 K is suppressed monotonically by Ru doping, but, unlike doping with TM=Co, Ni, Cu, Rh or Pd, the coupled transition seen in the parent compound does not detectably split into two separate ones. Superconductivity is stabilized at low temperatures for $x>0.2$ and continues through the highest doping levels we report. The superconducting region is dome like, with maximum T$_c$ ($\sim16.5$ K) found around $x\sim 0.29$. A phase diagram of temperature versus doping, based on electrical transport and magnetization measurements, has been constructed and compared to those of the Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$TM$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ (TM=Co, Ni, Rh, Pd) series as well as to the temperature-pressure phase diagram for pure BaFe$_2$As$_2$. Suppression of the structural/magnetic phase transition as well as the appearance of superconductivity is much more gradual in Ru doping, as compared to Co, Ni, Rh and Pd doping, and appears to have more in common with BaFe$_2$As$_2$ tuned with pressure; by plotting $T_S/T_m$ and $T_c$ as a function of changes in unit cell dimensions, we find that changed in the $c/a$ ratio, rather than changes in $c$, $a$ or V, unify the $T(p)$ and $T(x)$ phase diagrams for BaFe$_2$As$_2$ and Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ respectively.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Matone's relation of N=2 super Yang-Mills and spectrum of Toda chain
Creators: name: He, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In N=2 super Yang-Mills theory, the Matone's relation relates instanton corrections of the prepotential to instanton corrections of scalar field condensation < Trϕ^2 >. This relation has been proved to hold for Omega deformed theories too, using localization method. In this paper, we first give a case study supporting the relation, which does not rely on the localization technique. Especially, we show that the magnetic expansion also satisfies a relation of Matone's type. Then we discuss implication of the relation for the spectrum of periodic Toda chain, in the context of recently proposed Nekrasov-Shatashvili scheme.
description: 17 pages; v2 minor changes, references added; v3 more material added in 2nd section, clarification in 4th section
Focusing and Compression of Ultrashort Pulses through Scattering Media
Creators: name: Katz, Ori
name: Bromberg, Yaron
name: Small, Eran
name: Silberberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light scattering in inhomogeneous media induces wavefront distortions which pose an inherent limitation in many optical applications. Examples range from microscopy and nanosurgery to astronomy. In recent years, ongoing efforts have made the correction of spatial distortions possible by wavefront shaping techniques. However, when ultrashort pulses are employed scattering induces temporal distortions which hinder their use in nonlinear processes such as in multiphoton microscopy and quantum control experiments. Here we show that correction of both spatial and temporal distortions can be attained by manipulating only the spatial degrees of freedom of the incident wavefront. Moreover, by optimizing a nonlinear signal the refocused pulse can be shorter than the input pulse. We demonstrate focusing of 100fs pulses through a 1mm thick brain tissue, and 1000-fold enhancement of a localized two-photon fluorescence signal. Our results open up new possibilities for optical manipulation and nonlinear imaging in scattering media.
Period tripling causes rotating spirals in agitated wet granular layers
Creators: name: Huang, Kai
name: Rehberg, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pattern formation of a thin layer of vertically agitated wet granular matter is investigated experimentally. Rotating spirals with three arms, which correspond to the kinks between regions with different colliding phases, are the dominating pattern. This preferred number of arms corresponds to period tripling of the agitated granular layer, unlike predominantly subharmonic Faraday crispations in dry granular matter. The chirality of the spatiotemporal pattern corresponds to the rotation direction of the spirals.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Shear Viscosity from the Effective Coupling of Gravitons
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Nie, Zhang-Yu
name: Sun, Ya-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the progress in the holographic calculation of shear viscosity for strongly coupled field theories. We focus on the calculation of shear viscosity from the effective coupling of transverse gravitons and present some explicit examples.
description: 10 pages, invited presentation for the 9th Asia-Pacific International Conference On Gravitation And Astrophysics (ICGA 9), June 28-July 2, 2009, Wuhan, China; for the proceedings to be published by World Scientific
Feminist critical human security : women's (in) security and smuggling on Ecuador's borders
Creators: name: Donoso, Claudia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The study addresses the following central research question: What comprises the web of power relations that have led to women’s insecurity in Ecuador’s border provinces, El Oro, Carchi and Sucumbíos? A web of power relationships in those provinces has perpetuated intersectional inequalities that lead women to become smugglers. This web is supported by systems of oppression based on gender, class, race and geographical location that foster unequal access to education, paid work, health services and domestic violence, thereby aggravating women’s insecurity. Customs control, police and military subsumed under national and border security aggravate women’s security conditions. To complement this militarized response, the government of Rafael Correa launched Plan Ecuador and the Sovereign Energy Plan in 2007 and the Comprehensive Security Plan in 2011. These plans sought to confront the involvement of Ecuadorians in activities considered illegal by the security forces. While Plan Ecuador and the Integral Security Plan incorporated a multidimensional approach and a human security discourse to complement national security, they did not recognize the diversity of women's experiences of insecurity and roles at border provinces. To address this empirical case, this dissertation advances the concept of “feminist critical human security” to examine women’s security in Ecuador’s border zones, specifically in El Oro, Sucumbíos and Carchi provinces. Drawing on Black feminism’s idea of intersectionality and matrix of domination and on feminist critiques of national security, this research establishes women smugglers as referents of security rather than as criminals, as the border security discourse views them. By using a feminist critical human security lens that take into account the intersections of gender, race, class and geographical location and that includes the voices of women and their conceptions of local development and security, this research will enhance the ability of governments to improve their planning and policies related to increasing the security of women in border zones.
Systematic study of multi-fragmentation in asymmetric colliding nuclei
Creators: name: Kaur, Varinderjit
name: Kumar, Suneel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete systematically theoretical study of multifragmentation for asymmetric colliding nuclei for heavy-ion reactions in the energy range between 50 MeV/nucleon and 600 MeV/nucleon by using soft and hard equations of state. This study is performed within an isospindependent quantum molecular dynamics model. To see the effect of mass asymmetry, simulations are carried out in the absence of Coulomb interactions. Coulomb interactions enhances the production of fragments by about 20%. We envision an interesting outcome for large asymmetric colliding nuclei. Although nearly symmetric nuclei depict a well known trend for rising and falling with a peak around E= 100 MeV/nucleon, this trend, however, is completely missing for large asymmetric nuclei. Therefore, experiments are needed to verify this prediction.
Entanglement Patterns in Mutually Unbiased Basis Sets for N Prime-state Particles
Creators: name: Lawrence, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A few simply-stated rules govern the entanglement patterns that can occur in mutually unbiased basis sets (MUBs), and constrain the combinations of such patterns that can coexist (ie, the stoichiometry) in full complements of p^N+1 MUBs. We consider Hilbert spaces of prime power dimension (as realized by systems of N prime-state particles, or qupits), where full complements are known to exist, and we assume only that MUBs are eigenbases of generalized Pauli operators, without using a particular construction. The general rules include the following: 1) In any MUB, a particular qupit appears either in a pure state, or totally entangled, and 2) in any full MUB complement, each qupit is pure in p+1 bases (not necessarily the same ones), and totally entangled in the remaining p^N-p. It follows that the maximum number of product bases is p+1, and when this number is realized, all remaining p^N-p bases in the complement are characterized by the total entanglement of every qupit. This "standard distribution" is inescapable for two qupits (of any p), where only product and generalized Bell bases are admissible MUB types. This and the following results generalize previous results for qubits and qutrits. With three qupits there are three MUB types, and a number of combinations (p+2) are possible in full complements. With N=4, there are 6 MUB types for p=2, but new MUB types become possible with larger p, and these are essential to the realization of full complements. With this example, we argue that new MUB types, showing new entanglement characteristics, should enter with every step in N, and when N is a prime plus 1, also at critical p values, p=N-1. Such MUBs should play critical roles in filling complements.
description: 27 pages, one figure, to be submitted to Physical Review
"Cracking the Council": Intraprofessional Change in the Sociology Teaching and Learning Movement
Creators: name: Lovis, Rachel E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A historical imbalance in the prestige structure of the profession was identified by a small group of sociologists in the 1970s, who undertook efforts to improve the quality of instruction in the undergraduate classroom. Using a combination of qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews and archival documents, this dissertation documents the history of intraprofessional change efforts from 1972-2012. This case study contributes to research on intraprofessional change using the theoretical lens of field theory. Markers of institutionalization included the creation and dissemination of teacher training materials, the creation of a standardized set of curriculum guidelines, and myriad training conferences. However, the path of reinstitutionalization fell short of achieving the soft goal of professional identity change such that teaching is embraced as an equally valued professional task to that of research and scholarship. I demonstrate that this inability to diffuse the movement’s goal of transforming the professional identity of sociologists was due to the social positioning of change agents. Although movement leadership gained access to the council of the American Sociological Association, the lower prestige of skilled movement actors hindered their ability disseminate a new professional identity to incumbent sociologists.
Characterization of Tumor Cells Resistant to Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in 3D Melanoma Cultures
Creators: name: Fredericks, Brian
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Oncolytic viruses have become a viable cancer treatment modality for various malignancies in recent years. The main objective of this study was to gain insight into mechanisms of tumor resistance to viral oncolytic therapy mediated by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) using an in vitro 3D model. Previous work found that multicellular spheroids formed by uveal melanoma cells in 3D cultures have increased resistance against HSV-1. The goal of this project was to characterize tumor cells forming HSV-1 resistant spheroids in 3D cultures for tumor cell growth (spheroid size, number of tumor cells per spheroid) and HSV-1 infection [HSV-1 protein and latency associated (LAT) RNA expression] to gain insight into mechanisms of tumor resistance to viral oncolytic therapy. 3D cultures were either infected with K26GFP (an HSV-1 strain expressing green fluorescent protein upon replication), were infected with K26GFP and treated with acyclovir, or were mock infected. Cultures were maintained for seventeen days and observed for fluorescence. On the seventeenth day, cultures were fixed, paraffin embedded, sectioned, analyzed for spheroid morphology, expression of HSV-1 proteins and LAT. We found that HSV-1 infection of 3D melanoma cultures caused the destruction of many tumor cells and was associated with a decrease of the number of multicellular spheroids. Surprisingly, residual HSV-1 resistant spheroids demonstrated increased size and cell numbers relative to mock-infected controls indicating that HSV-1 infection enhanced the growth of a subpopulation of tumor cells. We found that enlarged melanoma spheroids in HSV-1-infected 3D melanoma cultures were mostly negative for HSV-1 protein expression and for HSV-1 LAT expression in spite of HSV-1 infected cells with viral protein and LAT expression were present in the cultures. Future studies will need to further define the mechanisms by which some tumor cells escape HSV-1-mediated destruction in 3D cultures and to determine mechanisms by which HSV-1 induces increased growth in a subpopulation of melanoma cells in 3D cultures.