cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dressing Up the Kink
Creators: name: Bergner, Y.
name: Bettencourt, Luis M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many quantum field theoretical models possess non-trivial solutions which are stable for topological reasons. We construct a self-consistent example for a self-interacting scalar field--the quantum (or dressed) kink--using a two particle irreducible effective action in the Hartree approximation. This new solution includes quantum fluctuations determined self-consistently and nonperturbatively at the 1-loop resummed level and allowed to backreact on the classical mean-field profile. This dressed kink is static under the familiar Hartree equations for the time evolution of quantum fields. Because the quantum fluctuation spectrum is lower lying in the presence of the defect, the quantum kink has a lower rest energy than its classical counterpart. However its energy is higher than well-known strict 1-loop results, where backreaction and fluctuation self-interactions are omitted. We also show that the quantum kink exists at finite temperature and that its profile broadens as temperature is increased until it eventually disappears.
description: 13 pages, latex, 3 eps figures; revised with yet additional references, minor rewording
MOESM1 of Can a relational mindset boost analogical retrieval?
Creators: name: Goldwater, Micah
name: Jamrozik, Anja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1. Encoding and retrieval stories.
N=2 Super Yang-Mills and the XXZ spin chain
Creators: name: Di Vecchia, P.
name: Tanzini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the renormalisation properties of composite operators of scalar fields in the N=2 Super Yang-Mills theory. We compute the matrix of anomalous dimensions in the planar limit at one-loop order in the 't Hooft coupling, and show that it corresponds to the Hamiltonian of an integrable XXZ spin chain with an anisotropy parameter Delta>1. We suggest that this parameter could be related to the presence of non-trivial two-form fluxes in the dual supergravity background. We find that the running of the gauge coupling does not affect the renormalization group equations for these composite operators at one-loop order, and argue that this is a general property of gauge theories which is not related to supersymmetry.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures; v2: references added, misprints corrected
COMPASS: An Upper Limit on CMB Polarization at an Angular Scale of 20 arc minutes
Creators: name: Farese, Philip C.
name: Dall'Oglio, Giorgio
name: Gundersen, Joshua O.
name: Keating, Brian G.
name: Klawikowski, Slade
name: Knox, Lloyd
name: Levy, Alan
name: Lubin, Philip M.
name: O'Dell, Chris W.
name: Peel, Alan
name: Piccirillo, Lucio
name: Ruhl, John
name: Timbie, Peter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: COMPASS is an on-axis 2.6 meter telescope coupled to a correlation polarimeter operating at a wavelength of 1 cm. The entire instrument was built specifically for CMB polarization studies. We report here on observations of February 2001 - April 2001 using this system. We set an upper limit on E-mode polarized anisotropies of 33.5 uK (95% confidence limit) in the l-range 200-600.
description: Submitted to ApJ 8/19/2003
On representations of the rotation group and magnetic monopoles
Creators: name: Nesterov, Alexander I.
name: de la Cruz, F. Aceves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently (Phys. Lett. A302 (2002) 253, hep-th/0208210; hep-th/0403146) employing bounded infinite-dimensional representations of the rotation group we have argued that one can obtain the consistent monopole theory with generalized Dirac quantization condition, $2κμ\in \mathbb Z$, where $κ$ is the weight of the Dirac string. Here we extend this proof to the unbounded infinite-dimensional representations.
description: References added
title: Schemi di pagamento e valute virtuali (Payment schemes and virtual currencies)
Creators: name: Bonaiuti, Gianni
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bitcoin, Payment system, Cryptocurrencies
subject: E40, E42

description: Il lavoro inquadra il possibile utilizzo delle monete digitali all’interno di sistemi di pagamento privati non regolamentati, fondati su registri decentralizzati, senza l’intervento di banche centrali o altri intermediari. Con riferimento all’esperienza del Bitcoin, si discute se possa essere una valida alternativa ai mezzi di scambio tradizionali, mettendo in evidenza alcuni aspetti critici dello schema che ne permette la circolazione. Il recente andamento di questa criptovaluta sembra legato più a motivi finanziari che non ad esigenze transattive, in contrasto con le finalità originarie. The paper deals with digital currencies and their use in private, not regulated, payment systems. These are based on a decentralized ledger, free from central banks or other financial intermediaries. With regard to the Bitcoin, one wonders if it could be an alternative to the existing means of exchange, highlighting some critical aspects of its transfer scheme. Recent developments suggest that this cryptocurrency meets financial motives rather than payment needs, conflicting with its initial purposes. JEL codes: E40, E42
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 72, N. 288 (2019): Dicembre
Variability of the near-infrared extinction curve towards the Galactic centre
Creators: name: Nogueras-Lara, Francisco
name: Schödel, Rainer
name: Najarro, Francisco
name: Gallego-Calvente, Aurelia Teresa
name: Gallego-Cano, Eulalia
name: Shahzamanian, Banafsheh
name: Neumayer, Nadine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the extreme extinction towards the Galactic centre ($A_{V} \sim 30$ mag), its stellar population is mainly studied in the near-infrared (NIR) regime. Therefore, a proper analysis of the NIR extinction curve is necessary to fully characterise the stellar structure and population of the inner part of the galaxy. We studied the dependence of the extinction index ($α_λ$) in the NIR on the line of sight, wavelength, and extinction. We used the GALACTICNUCLEUS imaging survey, a high angular resolution catalogue ($0.2''$) for the inner part of the Galaxy in $JHK_s$, and studied the spatial variation in the extinction index. We also applied two independent methods based on red clump stars to compute the extinction index between different bands and its variation with wavelength. We did not detect any significant line-of-sight or extinction variation in $α$ within the studied region in the nuclear stellar disc. The extinction index between $JH$ and $HK_s$ differs by $0.19 \pm 0.05$. We obtained mean values for the extinction indices $α_{JH} = 2.43\pm0.03$ and $α_{HK_s} = 2.23\pm0.03$. The dependence of the extinction index on the wavelength could explain the differences obtained for $α_λ$ in the literature since it was assumed constant for the NIR regime.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 5 pages, 5 figures
A CS J=5-4 Mapping Survey Towards High-mass Star Forming Cores Associated with Water Masers
Creators: name: Shirley, Yancy L.
name: Evans, Neal J
name: Young, Kaisa E.
name: Knez, Claudia
name: Jaffe, Daniel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have mapped 63 regions forming high-mass stars in CS J=5-4 using the CSO. The CS peak position was observed in C34S J=5-4 towards 57 cores and in 13CS J=5-4 towards the 9 brightest cores. The sample is a subset of a sample originally selected toward water masers; the selection on maser sources should favor sources in an early stage of evolution. The integrated intensity of CS J=5-4 correlates very well with the dust continuum emission at 350 microns. The distributions of size, virial mass, surface density, and luminosity are all peaked with a few cores skewed towards much larger values than the mean. We find a weak correlation between C34S linewidth and size, consistent with Dv ~ R^{0.3}. The linewidths are much higher than would be predicted by the usual relations between linewidth and size determined from regions of lower mass. These regions are very turbulent. The derived virial mass agrees within a factor of 2 to 3 with mass estimates from dust emission at 350 microns after corrections for the density structure are accounted for. The resulting cumulative mass spectrum of cores above 1000 solar masses can be approximated by a power law with a slope of about -0.9, steeper than that of clouds measured with tracers of lower density gas and close to that for the total masses of stars in OB associations. The median turbulent pressures are comparable to those in UCHII regions, and the pressures at small radii are similar to those in hypercompact-HII regions (P/k ~ 10^{10} K cm^{-3}). The filling factors for dense gas are substantial, and the median abundance of CS is about 10^{-9}. The ratio of bolometric luminosity to virial mass is much higher than the value found for molecular clouds as a whole, and the correlation of luminosity with mass is tighter. (Abridged).
description: Figure converted to .gif format for astro-ph. Please download high-res version from http://www.aoc.nrao.edu/~yshirley/papers.html
title: I fondamenti morali dell’economia di mercato. La pedagogia economica di Luigi Einaudi e Ludwig Erhard (On the moral foundations of the market economy. The economic pedagogy of Luigi Einaudi and Ludwig Erhard)
Creators: name: Farese, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: liberalism, moral values, social market economy
subject: A13, B29, B31

description: Ludwig Erhard, nell’ambito di una più ampia discussione su contenuti, usi e abusi, dell’economia sociale di mercato. Più che su specifici indirizzi di politica economica, in gran parte condivisi, Einaudi ed Erhard convergono nel mettere in luce l’importanza dell’acquisizione della cultura mediante l’istruzione, la formazione del carattere, l’esercizio della virtù, la pratica della libertà come imprescindibili fondamenti morali dell’economia di mercato. Dunque economia morale (non sociale) di mercato. Ci si chiede, in conclusione, se sia possibile condividere questi fondamenti senza necessariamente aderire alle ricette dell’economia sociale di mercato. The paper illustrates the convergence of ideas between Luigi Einaudi’s and Ludwig Erhard’s liberalisms, in the context of a wider discussion on the meaning, the uses and misuses, of “social market economy”. Beside shared views on policy issues, they both stress the importance of the acquisition of culture through education, the formation of indvidual character, the practice of freedom and of virtue as fundamental moral underpinnings of the market economy. Therefore, a moral (not social) market economy. The point is whether one has to agree with the policies of the social market economy to support these values. JEL codes: A13, B29, B31
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 72, N. 288 (2019): Dicembre
Trichopeltis watsoni Pocock 1895
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Microthyriales
Trichothyriaceae
Trichopeltis
Trichopeltis watsoni

description: Trichopeltis watsoni Pocock, 1895
 Published record. Chittagong Div., Chittagong Dist., Lohagara Upazila, “Shishgk Valley, Chittagong Hills Tract,” exact location uncertain but apparently near National Medical Hall east of Chittagong itself (Attems 1936, 1940).
 Remarks. Trichopeltis watsoni, a widespread Asian species whose type locality is the North Chin Hills, Chin State, Myanmar, has a convoluted nomenclatural history (Golovatch et al. 2010). Pocock (1895) originally assigned it to this genus, but Cook (1896) designated it the type species of his new genus, Otodesmus. Attems (1914) repeated this assignment though he earlier (Attems 1899) cited watsoni under both Trichopeltis and Otodesmus. Attems (1936) reported it from the Chittagong Hills among other localities but mistakenly named the genus, Trichodesmus; four years later, he (Attems 1940) correctly cited it in combination with Trichopeltis. Hoffman (1973, 1980), the latter by implication, returned watsoni to Otodesmus where it remained until material of related cryptodesmids required Golovatch et al. (2010) to place Otodesmus in synonymy under Trichopeltis.
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M., 2014, A summary of the milliped faunas of Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Kashmir (Arthropoda: Diplopoda), pp. 1-7 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (368) on page 5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5179305
MOESM3 of Choices and services related to contraception in the Gaza strip, Palestine: perceptions of service users and providers
Creators: name: BÃ¶Ttcher, Bettina
name: Mysoon Abu-El-Noor
name: Abu-El-Noor, Nasser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. List of questions put to healthcare professionals for discussion in semi-structured interviews.
Decay H^+ -> W^+ gamma in a nonlinear R_xi-gauge
Creators: name: Hernandez-Sanchez, J.
name: Perez, M. A.
name: Tavares-Velasco, G.
name: Toscano, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new evaluation of the charged Higgs boson decay $H^+ -> W^+γ$ is presented in the context of the general two-Higgs doublet model. A nonlinear $R_ξ$-gauge which considerably simplifies the calculation is introduced and simple expressions are obtained for the fermionic and bosonic contributions. The $H^+ -> W^+γ$ branching ratio is analyzed for several values of the parameters of the model. Although this decay can have a branching fraction as large as $10^{-4}$ in a certain region of the parameter space, it is found that such a region is disfavored by the most recent constraints on $b -> sγ$, $g-2$ of the muon, $Z -> b \bar b$, and the $ρ$ parameter, along with the exclusions from direct searches at the CERN $e^-e^+$ LEP collider. The possibility of detecting this decay at future colliders is discussed.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Ochodaeus grandiceps Fairmaire
Creators: name: Paulsen, M. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ochodaeidae
Ochodaeus
Ochodaeus grandiceps

description: The true Ochodaeus grandiceps Fairmaire
 Fairmaire (1897) clearly and carefully described Ochodaeus grandiceps, with a type locality of Sichuan, China. He stated that the specimen was remarkable for its large head and produced clypeus with two distinct tubercles; he also described the dark spots on the elytra and base of the pronotum (Fairmaire 1897). Because the MNHN type specimen matches the description perfectly there is no doubt that it is the type (Fig. 1). These characters together with the trapezoidal interlocking mechanism of the propygidium identify it as a representative of the Asian genus Nothochodaeus Nikolajev, 2005. The species must be transferred to that genus, resulting in the new combination N. grandiceps (Fairmaire).
 Further complicating matters, Nikolajev (2009) based a new genus, Mimochodaeus, on what was purported to be O. grandiceps Fairmaire from Sichuan. The species illustrated, however, is not O. grandiceps, and it is not immediately clear which species is actually depicted. After receiving images of the holotype of O. grandiceps from me, Nikolajev (in litt.) has indicated that he will publish a correction concerning Mimochodaeus in the near future.
description: Published as part of Paulsen, M. J., 2014, Correction of the misidentifications and confusion surrounding Ochodaeus grandiceps Fairmaire, 1897 (Coleoptera: Ochodaeidae), and the description of a new species of ochodaeid from Cuba, pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (369) on pages 1-2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5179307
title: Il contratto con il consumatore nell’UE fra ordoliberalismo e altri neoliberalismi (The contract with consumers in the EU between Ordoliberalism and other Neoliberalisms)
Creators: name: Maugeri, Marisaria
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: contract law, ordoliberalism, neoliberalism
subject: K12, K21, K15

description: Il pensiero ordoliberale è stato oggetto di grande attenzione negli ultimi anni. I cultori del diritto antitrust hanno distinto fra l’ordoliberalismo e altri tipi di neoliberalismi, con riferimento alle possibili limitazioni da imporre all’autonomia dei privati. L’articolo è dedicato in primo luogo all’analisi del modo in cui i primi ordoliberali hanno affrontato la questione delle condizioni generali di contratto, e all’impatto della tesi di tali studiosi sulla successiva disciplina tedesca ed europea. Ci si sofferma sulla differenza, nella trattazione del tema, fra l’approccio europeo e quello statunitense. Ancora oggi il neoliberalismo d’Oltreoceano porta a un intervento minore sul contratto rispetto a quello che si registra in Europa, riconducibile alla cultura ordoliberale. Ordoliberalism has been recently the object of many studies. Antitrust lawyers distinguish between ordoliberalism and other kinds of neoliberalism, with reference to limitations on private parties’ autonomy. This paper focuses on the way in which ordoliberals treated the question of general terms and conditions of contracts. Focus is made also on the difference between the European and the US approaches on the topic. It is found that still today the US neoliberal approach affects contracts less than the European ordoliberal one. JEL codes: K12, K21, K15
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 72, N. 288 (2019): Dicembre
title: Il principio dell’indipendenza della banca centrale e la stabilità dei prezzi come obiettivo della politica monetaria: quale influenza dell’ordoliberalismo in Germania e nell’Unione Europea? (The principle of central bank independence and price stability as monetary policy goal: which influence of ordoliberalism in Germany and the European Union?)
Creators: name: Pace, Lorenzo F.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ordoliberalism; Economic and Monetary Union; Reichsbank; Euro crisis
subject: B52; E52; E58; N13; N14; O52

description: Nell’evoluzione giuridica e istituzionale dell’Unione Europea un ruolo importante è stato svolto dall’ordoliberalismo. Una delle ‘battaglie’ per cui l’ordoliberalismo è conosciuto è quella sui principi della politica monetaria e dell’organizzazione istituzionale della banca centrale. Al fine di comprendere il ‘pensiero’ ordoliberale, tale tema è utile, innanzitutto, per apprezzare le basi storiche e teoriche dell’ordoliberalismo. Inoltre, tale tema è utile per illustrare la specifica influenza che l’ordoliberalismo ha svolto (indirettamente) a livello dell’Unione. La prima parte dell’articolo approfondisce il tema dell’indipendenza della banca centrale e della finalità della politica monetaria in Germania (dalla Reichsbank alla Bundesbank), La seconda parte affronta il tema dell’indipendenza della banca centrale e dell’obiettivo della politica monetaria nell’Unione Europea, indagando se e in quale modo l’ordoliberalismo abbia svolto in questo un’influenza. In the legal and institutional evolution of the European Union a particularly important role has been played by ordoliberalism. One of the ‘battles’ for which ordoliberalism is known is that of the basic principles of monetary policy and of the institutional set up of central banks. In order to better understand the ordoliberal ‘thought’, this subject can usefully be used to appreciate the historical and theoretical bases of ordoliberalism. Secondly, this subject can be useful to illustrate the influence that the ordoliberalism has played at the EU. The first part of this article aims to investigate the issue of central banks independence and the goal of monetary policy in Germany (from Reichsbank to Bundesbank). In the second part, the issue of central bank independence and the objective of monetary policy in the EU will be addressed, trying to understand if and in which way ordoliberalism has played its influence. JEL codes: B52; E52; E58; N13; N14; O52
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 72, N. 288 (2019): Dicembre
Backreaction and the rolling tachyon -- an effective action point of view
Creators: name: Demasure, Yves
name: Janik, Romuald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the decay of an unstable D9 brane in type IIA string theory including backreaction effects using an effective field theory approach. The open string tachyon on the brane is coupled consistently to the space-time metric, the dilaton and the RR 9-form. The purpose of this note is to address the fate of the open string energy density, which remains constant if no interaction with the closed string modes is included. Our computations show that taking only into account the coupling to the massless closed strings the total energy stored in the open string sector vanishes asymptotically, independently how small one chooses g_s. We find also the large time behaviour of the fields in the Einstein and string frames.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added
Perspective: Exciton polarons in two-dimensional hybrid metal-halide perovskites
Creators: name: Kandada, Ajay Ram Srimath
name: Silva, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While polarons --- charges bound to a lattice deformation induced by electron-phonon coupling --- are primary photoexcitations at room temperature in bulk metal-halide hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIP), excitons --- Coulomb-bound el\-ectron-hole pairs --- are the stable quasi-particles in their two-dimensional (2D) analogues. Here we address the fundamental question: are polaronic effects consequential for excitons in 2D-HIOPs? Based on our recent work, we argue that polaronic effects are manifested intrinsically in the exciton spectral structure, which is comprised of multiple non-degenerate resonances with constant inter-peak energy spacing. We highlight our own measurements of population and dephasing dynamics that point to the apparently deterministic role of polaronic effects in excitonic properties. We contend that an interplay of long-range and short-range exciton-lattice couplings give rise to exciton polarons, a character that fundamentally establishes their effective mass and radius, and consequently, their quantum dynamics. Finally, we highlight opportunities for the community to develop the rigorous description of exciton polarons in 2D-HIOPs to advance their fundamental understanding as model systems for condensed-phase materials in which lattice-mediated correlations are fundamental to their physical properties.
description: Corrected author name in V2
Pseudospectra of semi-classical (pseudo)differential operators
Creators: name: Dencker, Nils
name: Sjoestrand, Johannes
name: Zworski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P99

description: The purpose of this note is to show how some results from the theory of partial differential equations apply to the study of pseudo-spectra of non-self-adjoint operators, which is a topic of current interest in applied mathematics.
description: AMS-LaTeX, 22 pages
MOESM2 of Choices and services related to contraception in the Gaza strip, Palestine: perceptions of service users and providers
Creators: name: BÃ¶Ttcher, Bettina
name: Mysoon Abu-El-Noor
name: Abu-El-Noor, Nasser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. List of questions put to the focus groups for discussion.
Thermal behavior induced by vacuum polarization on causal horizons in comparison with the standard heat bath formalism
Creators: name: Schroer, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modular theory of operator algebras and the associated KMS property are used to obtain a unified description for the thermal aspects of the standard heat bath situation and those caused by quantum vacuum fluctuations from localization. An algebraic variant of lightfront holography reveals that the vacuum polarization on wedge horizons is compressed into the lightray direction. Their absence in the transverse direction is the prerequisite to an area (generalized Bekenstein-) behavior of entropy-like measures which reveal the loss of purity of the vacuum due to restrictions to wedges and their horizons. Besides the well-known fact that localization-induced (generalized Hawking-) temperature is fixed by the geometric aspects, this area behavior (versus the standard volume dependence) constitutes the main difference between localization-caused and standard thermal behavior.
description: 15 page Latex, dedicated to A. A. Belavin on the occasion of his 60th birthday
The discovery of novel proteins involved in cell polarity and the PAR complex in c. elegans
Creators: name: Koh, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Polarity
c. elegans
PAR
RNAi
pulldown

description: Cell polarity is a phenomenon that occurs within nearly all organisms. Characterized by the localization of different proteins to different ends of a cell, this process is extremely important for proper biological development. Although studying this mutually antagonistic binding is a growing field of study, cell polarity as a process is still immensely complex and how exactly it is established is still not well known. However, by focusing on known proteins involved in the polarity process, mainly the PAR protein system, other proteins that interact with the PAR complex can be studied for individual effects on cell polarity. The PAR complex was first discovered in c. elegans Multiple experiments were conducted on multiple polarity proteins to identify new potential binding partners to the proteins in the PAR complex. These experiments stem from the cell polarity proteins in the PAR complex, which include aPKC, PAR-6, and PAR-3. A list of proteins from that interact with aPKC was compiled using mass spectrometry pull down. These proteins were studied using RNAi to knock out the gene in C. elegans, and the effects on cell polarity in developing embryos were observed. These genes were then genetically engineered to be injected into worms using Gibson assembly and CRISPR-Cas9 to look for further effects. Furthermore, tests were conducted on strains involving PAR-6. Results show that perhaps the nematode database does not account for an extra intron portray protein sequence, which could lead to further development on the functions of PAR-6, and thus, cell polarity. Finally, mass spectrometry pull down was done on PAR-3 monomer strains due to previous research showing potential of these PAR-3 monomers in having an essential function in C. elegans. This resulted in a list of pulled-down novel proteins, ultimately in which some could potentially affect polarity in new and unknown ways.
Auto-localization in de-Sitter space
Creators: name: Karch, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that gravity on dS_n gives rise to a localized graviton on dS_{n-1}. This way one can derive a recursion relation for the entropy of dS spaces, which might have interesting implications for dS holography. In the same spirit we study domain walls interpolating between dS spaces with different cosmological constant. Our observation gives an easy way to calculate what fraction of the total entropy can be accessed by an observer stuck on the bubble wall.
description: 10 pages, Latex; v2: references added
Additional file 2 of Identification and characterization of tumor and stromal derived liquid biopsy analytes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Götze, Julian
name: Meißner, Kira
name: Pereira-Veiga, Thais
name: Belloum, Yassine
name: Schneegans, Svenja
name: Kropidlowski, Jolanthe
name: Gorgulho, Joao
name: Busch, Alina
name: Honselmann, Kim Christin
name: Schönrock, Martin
name: Putscher, Arne
name: Peine, Sven
name: Nitschke, Christine
name: Simon, Ronald
name: Spindler, Volker
name: Izbicki, Jakob Robert
name: Hackert, Thilo
name: Bokemeyer, Carsten
name: Pantel, Klaus
name: Uzunoglu, Faik Güntaç
name: Sinn, Marianne
name: Wikman, Harriet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 2.
MOESM1 of Neutral genomic signatures of host-parasite coevolution
Creators: name: živković, Daniel
name: John, Sona
name: Verin, Mélissa
name: Stephan, Wolfgang
name: Tellier, Aurélien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 In the Supplementary Information, we provide additional methodological details as well as analytical and computational results.
Particle Composition at High p_T in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Chujo, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the recent results of proton and anti-proton yields as a function of centrality and p_T in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV, measured by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. In central collisions at intermediate transverse momenta (1.5 < p_T < 4.5 GeV/c) a significant fraction of all produced particles is protons and anti-protons. They show a different scaling behavior from that of pions. The pbar/pi and p/pi ratios are enhanced compared to peripheral Au+Au, p+p and e+e- collisions. This enhancement is limited to p_T < 5 GeV/c as deduced from the ratio of charged hadrons to pi^0 measured in the range 1.5 < p_T < 9 GeV/c.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, roceedings of CIPANP 2003, New York City, May 19-24, 2003
MOESM1 of Choices and services related to contraception in the Gaza strip, Palestine: perceptions of service users and providers
Creators: name: BÃ¶Ttcher, Bettina
name: Mysoon Abu-El-Noor
name: Abu-El-Noor, Nasser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. The 16-item questionnaire used for quantitative data collection.
On the quantum stress tensor for extreme 2D Reissner-Nordstrom black holes
Creators: name: Balbinot, Roberto
name: Fagnocchi, Serena
name: Fabbri, Alessandro
name: Farese, Sara
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contrary to previous claims, it is shown that the expectation values of the quantum stress tensor for a massless scalar field propagating on a two-dimensional extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black hole are indeed regular on the horizon.
description: 5 pages, revtex, 1 figure
Time Course of Brain Metabolic Changes after Transcranial Infrared Laser Stimulation
Creators: name: Venkat, Sindhu
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Transcranial infrared laser stimulation
low-level laser light therapy
transcranial photobiomodulation
cytochrome oxidase
brain metabolism
functional connectivity

description: Cognitive impairment is defined as the transition state between healthy memory decline due to aging and dementia. Cognitive impairment affects 16 million Americans and is four times as common as dementia. Low-level laser light therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive procedure that has been used to treat several psychological disorders, including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and neurological disorders. LLLT works by sending photons to activate the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome oxidase, increasing its activity and expression. Cytochrome oxidase activity directly correlates with brain metabolic activity. Increases in cytochrome oxidase activity have the greatest effect in neurons involves high energy processes like cognitive processing. Thus, increases in this enzyme’s activity indicate cognitive enhancement. Subsequently, cytochrome oxidase stimulation via LLLT is a potential treatment for cognitive impairment. Present research analyzes the duration of cognitive effects following a single LLLT treatment in a rat model. Predicted results suggest that LLLT causes a significant increase in cytochrome oxidase activity in rat brains 1 day after LLLT treatment, a modest increase in activity 2 weeks after treatment, and no change 4 weeks after treatment. Additionally, effects of functional connectivity in the brain are expected to be limited to 1 day after treatment, with no discernible effect on functional connectivity 2 weeks and 4 weeks post-treatment.
Converting Faraday rotation into magnetization in europium chalcogenides
Creators: name: van Kooten, S. C. P.
name: Usachev, P. A.
name: Gratens, X.
name: Naupa, A. R.
name: Chitta, V. A.
name: Springholz, G.
name: Henriques, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple semiclassical model to sustain that in europium chalcogenides (EuX), Faraday rotation (FR) in the transparency gap is proportional to the magnetization of the sample, irrespective of the material's magnetic phase, temperature, or applied magnetic field. The model is validated by FR and magnetization measurements in EuSe in the temperature interval 1.7-300K, covering all EuSe magnetic phases (paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic type I or type II, ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic). Furthermore, by combining the semiclassical model with the explicit electronic energy structure of EuX, the proportionality coefficient between magnetization and FR is shown to be dependent only on the wavelength and the band gap. Due to its simplicity, the model has didactic value, moreover, it provides a working tool for converting FR into magnetization in EuX. Possible extension of the model to other intrinsic magnetic semiconductors is discussed.
Additional file 3 of Transcriptomic and functional analysis of the Anopheles gambiae salivary gland in relation to blood feeding
Creators: name: Suchismita Das
name: Radtke, Andrea
name: Young-Jun Choi
name: Mendes, Antonio M
name: Valenzuela, Jesus G
name: Dimopoulos, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Gene silencing efficiency of the 10 selected genes. The gene transcript abundance in GFP dsRNA treated mosquitoes was set to 1.0, and the corresponding percentage silencing was determined by qRT-PCR. The AgS7 gene was used for normalization of cDNA templates. The standard error values are shown. (DOC 36 KB)
Properties of the Center of Gravity as an Algorithm for Position Measurements
Creators: name: Landi, Gregorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The center of gravity $x_{g}= \sum_{i}E_{i} x_{i}/\sum_{i} E_{i}$ as an algorithm for position measurements is carefully analyzed. Many mathematical consequences of discretization are extracted. The origin of the systematic error of the algorithm is shown to be connected to the absence of band limits in the Fourier Transform of the signal distributions, which, owing to the intrinsic properties of the measuring devices, must have a finite supports. However, special signal distributions exist among the finite support functions which are free from the discretized error. In the presence of crosstalk, it is proved that some crosstalk spreads are able to eliminate the discretization error for any shape ({\em ideal detector}). For all other cases, analytical expressions and prescriptions are given to correct the error and to efficiently simulate various experimental situations.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures,useful for handling the lucky-model of arXiv:1808.06708
Investigating Conserved Hsp70 Phosphorylation in Yeast Ssa1 and Bacterial DnaK
Creators: name: Kim, Min Jun
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Chaperones
Hsp70
DnaK
yeast
bacteria
phosphorylation

description: Under physiological conditions, proteins are constantly at risk of misfolding and/or unfolding, whether due to protein dynamics or also environmental stressors. Because proper folding is critical for protein function, these misfolds can lead to loss of critical activity as well as formation of harmful aggregates that lead to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s. Chaperone proteins counter this protein volatility by assisting proteins in reaching their native fold, regulating cellular stress responses, and preventing/disassembling aggregates. Specifically, in this study, the chaperone heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is investigated. Hsp70s are ubiquitous and involved in the aforementioned chaperone refolding processes as well as general cellular housekeeping activities; they are also conserved across all species, suggesting their evolutionary significance. Like other chaperones, Hsp70s are subject to post-translational modifications, of which phosphorylation is the most prominent. While phosphorylation has been implicated in several Hsp70 functions, its precise effects and locations remain to be further studied. Given this uncertainty, here we examine phosphorylation at a conserved serine residue (S151) on yeast Ssa1, which is a yeast homolog of Hsp70. Comparing yeast expressing wild-type Ssa1 to those expressing a phospho-null mutant of Ssa1 (S151A, alanine) and a phospho-mimetic mutant (S151D, aspartate), we found that phosphorylated Ssa1 leads to decreased chaperone activity (less thermal stability, cochaperone interactions, refolding efficiency), but also serves to suppress prion propagation. Furthermore, while prokaryotes have mostly evolved an alanine at this site, we discovered several species with an aspartate or serine at the corresponding site in bacterial DnaK (the bacterial Hsp70 homolog). Given the decreased chaperone efficiency and heat shock response associated with the phosphomimetic form at this residue, we have begun to study this site in DnaK further. Specifically, we propose to generate an evolutionary tree focused in regards to this site in an attempt to identify co-chaperones or factors that have evolved along with this residue. An initial sort and mapping of species with the aspartate residue on a microbial tree revealed several independent occurrences of the phosphomimetic residue having arisen.
Diagnostics of ultra-intense laser pulses using tunneling ionization
Creators: name: Ciappina, M. F.
name: Popruzhenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit a recently proposed scheme [M.F. Ciappina et al 2019 Phys. Rev. A 99 043405] for accurate measurement of electromagnetic radiation intensities in a focus of high-power laser beams. The method is based on the observation of multiple sequential tunneling ionization of atoms and suggests the determination of the peak intensity value from the appearance in the focal area ions with a certain charge number. Here we study the sensitivity of the approach to two essential factors: the focal volume effect and the tunneling ionization model chosen to calculate ionization rates. We show, on the one hand, that the results appear almost model-independent for ionization of helium- and hydrogen-like ions and, on the other hand, that the focal averaging leaves the intensity-dependent features visible. Our findings are in favor to a practical implementation of the atomic diagnostics of extreme laser intensities.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
V(WF)S: Very Wide Field WaveFront Sensor for GLAO
Creators: name: Lai, Olivier
name: Chun, Mark
name: Kuiper, Stefan
name: Doelman, Niek
name: Carbillet, Marcel
name: N'diaye, Mamadou
name: Martinache, Frantz
name: Abe, Lyu
name: Rivet, Jean-Pierre
name: Schmidt, Dirk
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
ASTROPHOTOGRAPHY
WAVEFRONT SENSING
TELESCOPES

description: Adaptive optics is an advanced technique developed for and mostly used on large telescopes. It turns out to be challenging for smaller telescopes (0.5~2m) due to the small isoplanatic angle, small subapertures and high correction speeds needed at visible wavelengths, requiring bright stars for guiding, severely limiting the sky coverage. Natural guide star (NGS) SCAO (Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics) is ideal for planetary objects but remains limited for general purpose observing. The approach we consider is a compromise between image quality gain and sky coverage: our proposition is that it is better to partially improve the image quality anywhere in the sky than to be limited by diffraction around a few thousand bright stars. We therefore suggest a new solution based on multiple fundamental AO concepts brought together to enable a whole new field of application: The principle is based on a rotating Foucault test, like the first AO concept proposed by Horace Babcock in 1953, on the Ground Layer Adaptive Optics (GLAO), proposed by Rigaut and Tokovinin in the early 2000s, and on the idea of Layer-oriented MCAO and the pupil-plane wavefront analysis by Roberto Ragazzoni. We propose to combine these techniques to use all the light available in a large field to measure the ground layer turbulence and enable thehigh angular resolution imaging of regions of the sky (e.g., nebulas, galaxies) inaccessible to traditional SCAO systems. The motivation to develop compact and robust AO system for small telescopes is two-fold: On the one hand, schools and universities often have access to small telescopes as part of their education programs. Also, researchers in countries with fewer resources could also benefit from well-engineered and reliable adaptive optics system on smaller telescopes for research and education purposes. On the other hand, amateur astronomers and enthusiasts want improved image quality for visual observation and astrophotography. Implementing readily accessible adaptive optics in astronomy clubs would also likely have a significant impact on citizen science.
Additional file 1 of Progress in regulating ecosystem services research: an implication for the Karst World Heritage sites
Creators: name: Mu, Yating
name: Xiong, Kangning
name: Zhai, Qian
name: Xie, Qingqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Materials
Xystodesmidae Cook 1895
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
name: Smith, Jamie M.
name: Ross, Deren J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Polydesmida
Xystodesmidae

description: Family Xystodesmidae Cook, 1895   Subfamily Xystodesminae Cook, 1895
 Tribe Xystocheirini Hoffman, 1980
 Hoffman (1999) mistakenly attributed tribal authorship to Cook without a date, perhaps because he confused this name with Xystodesmidae /inae, which Cook (1895) did author, or because Cook (1904) subsequently authored the genus. However, the first usage of Xystocheir at the family-group level was by Hoffman (1980), as he then noted, and authorship is properly attributed to him.
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M., Smith, Jamie M. & Ross, Deren J., 2014, Variation and pigmentation in the milliped, Xystocheir brachymacris Shelley, 1996, from the northern Sierra Nevada foothills, California, USA (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Xystocheirini), pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (371) on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5179327
Transport of Ionizing Radiation in Terrestrial-like Exoplanet Atmospheres
Creators: name: Smith, David S.
name: Scalo, John
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: (Abridged) The propagation of ionizing radiation through model atmospheres of terrestrial-like exoplanets is studied for a large range of column densities and incident photon energies using a Monte Carlo code we have developed to treat Compton scattering and photoabsorption. Incident spectra from parent star flares, supernovae, and gamma-ray bursts are modeled and compared to energetic particles in importance. We find that terrestrial-like exoplanets with atmospheres thinner than about 100 g cm^-2 transmit and reprocess a significant fraction of incident gamma-rays, producing a characteristic, flat surficial spectrum. Thick atmospheres (>~ 100 g cm^-2) efficiently block even gamma-rays, but nearly all incident energy is redistributed into diffuse UV and visible aurora-like emission, increasing the effective atmospheric transmission by many orders of magnitude. Depending on the presence of molecular UV absorbers and atmospheric thickness, up to 10% of the incident energy can reach the surface as UV reemission. For the Earth, between 2 x 10^-3 and 4 x 10^-2 of the incident flux reaches the ground in the biologically effective 200--320 nm range, depending on O_2/O_3 shielding. Finally, we suggest that transient atmospheric ionization layers can be frequently created at low altitudes. We conclude that these events can produce frequent fluctuations in atmospheric ionization levels and surficial UV fluxes on terrestrial-like planets.
description: 59 pages, 15 figures; in press in Icarus; minor edits, no results changed