cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Snapshot-based detection of $\frac{1}{2}$-Laughlin states: coupled chains and central charge
Creators: name: Palm, Felix A.
name: Mardazad, Sam
name: Bohrdt, Annabelle
name: Schollwöck, Ulrich
name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental realizations of topologically ordered states of matter, such as fractional quantum Hall states, with cold atoms are now within reach. In particular, optical lattices provide a promising platform for the realization and characterization of such states, where novel detection schemes enable an unprecedented microscopic understanding. Here we show that the central charge can be directly measured in current cold atom experiments using the number entropy as a proxy for the entanglement entropy. We perform density-matrix renormalization-group simulations of Hubbard-interacting bosons on coupled chains subject to a magnetic field with $α=\frac{1}{4}$ flux quanta per plaquette. Tuning the inter-chain hopping, we find a transition from a trivial quasi-one dimensional phase to the topologically ordered Laughlin state at magnetic filling factor $ν=\frac{1}{2}$ for systems of three or more chains. We resolve the transition using the central charge, on-site correlations, momentum distributions and the many-body Chern number. Additionally, we propose a scheme to experimentally estimate the central charge from Fock basis snapshots. The model studied here is experimentally realizable with existing cold atom techniques and the proposed observables pave the way for the detection and classification of a larger class of interacting topological states of matter.
description: 6 + 7 pages, 4 + 10 figures; accepted for publication as letter in PRB
Life cycle insurance, bequest motives and annuity loads
Creators: name: Arandjelović, Aleksandar
name: Kingston, Geoffrey
name: Shevchenko, Pavel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate insurance purchases when bequest motives are age-varying and life insurance and life annuities both carry loads. The existing life cycle literature assumes bequests are normal goods without being either necessities or luxuries. Much of the literature also assumes implicitly that life annuity loads are negative. A key finding of the literature is that the demand for life insurance and the demand for life annuities are symmetrical. It is optimal to buy life-contingent insurance throughout life, even under loads. A life annuity phase backs directly onto a life insurance phase. We find that realistic examples with positive loads on both products reveal up to two distinct periods of non-participation, one in midlife and the other adjoining the maximum age. We highlight examples with necessity bequests during child-rearing years and luxury bequests thereafter. This set of assumptions explains why a substantial demand for life insurance during child-rearing years can co-exist with negligible demand for life annuities later on. A realistic 18% load on both products generates this outcome.
description: To appear in Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control
Constraining neutron star properties with a new equation of state insensitive approach
Creators: name: Biswas, Bhaskar
name: Datta, Sayak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instead of parameterizing the pressure-density relation of a neutron star (NS), one can parameterize its macroscopic properties such as mass ($M$), radius ($R$), and dimensionless tidal deformability ($Λ$) to infer the equation of state (EoS) combining electromagnetic and gravitational wave (GW) observations. We present a new method to parameterize $R(M)$ and $Λ(M)$ relations, which approximate the candidate EoSs with accuracy better than 5\% for all masses and span a broad region of $M-R-Λ$ plane. Using this method we combine the $M-Λ$ measurement from GW170817 and GW190425, and simultaneous $M-R$ measurement of PSR J0030+0451 and PSR J0740+6620 to place joint constraints on NS properties. At 90 \% confidence, we infer $R_{1.4}=12.05_{-0.87}^{+0.98}$ km and $Λ_{1.4}=372_{-150}^{+220}$ for a $1.4 M_{\odot}$ NS, and $R_{2.08}=12.65_{-1.46}^{+1.36}$ km for a $2.08 M_{\odot}$ NS. Furthermore, we use the inferred values of the maximum mass of a nonrotating NS $M_{\rm max}=2.52_{-0.29}^{+0.33} M_{\odot}$ to investigate the nature of the secondary objects in three potential neutron star-black hole merger (NSBH) system.
description: Published in PRD
Photonic Quantum Logic with Narrowband Light from Single Atoms
Creators: name: Holleczek, Annemarie
name: Barter, Oliver
name: Rubenok, Allison
name: Dilley, Jerome
name: Nisbet-Jones, Peter B. R.
name: Langfahl-Klabes, Gunnar
name: Marshall, Graham D.
name: Sparrow, Chris
name: O'Brien, Jeremy L.
name: Poulios, Konstantinos
name: Kuhn, Axel
name: Matthews, Jonathan C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Increasing control of single photons enables new applications of photonic quantum-enhanced technology and further experimental exploration of fundamental quantum phenomena. Here, we demonstrate quantum logic using narrow linewidth photons that are produced under nearly perfect quantum control from a single ^87Rb atom strongly coupled to a high-finesse cavity. We use a controlled- NOT gate integrated into a photonic chip to entangle these photons, and we observe non-classical correlations between events separated by periods exceeding the travel time across the chip by three orders of magnitude. This enables quantum technology that will use the properties of both narrowband single photon sources and integrated quantum photonics, such as networked quantum computing, narrow linewidth quantum enhanced sensing and atomic memories.
description: 5 pates, 3 figures
Non-commutativity of the central sequence algebra for separable non-type I C$^{\ast}$-algebras
Creators: name: Ando, Hiroshi
name: Kirchberg, Eberhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that if $A$ is a separable, simple and non-type I C$^{\ast}$ algebra, then for every properly infinite hyperfinite von Neumann algebra $M$ with separable predual, its Ocneanu ultrapower $M'\cap M^ω$ arises as a sub-quotient of the central sequence algebra $F(A)$ defined by the second named author. In particular, this answers affirmatively the question of the second named author (Abel Symposium '04): the central sequence C$^{\ast}$-algebra of the reduced free group C$^{\ast}$-algebra $C_{\rm{red}}^*(\mathbb{F}_2)$ is non-commutative.
description: 15 pages, same as the published version. We added Ozawa's proof (using Kishimoto-Ozawa-Sakai Theorem) of non-commutativity of F(A) in Appendix
Universal Properties of Anisotropic Dipolar Bosons in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Sánchez-Baena, J.
name: Ardila, L. A. Peña
name: Astrakharchik, G.
name: Mazzanti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy of ultra-dilute quantum many-body systems is known to exhibit a universal dependence on the gas parameter $x=n a_0^d$, with $n$ the density, $d$ the dimensionality of the space ($d=1,2,3$) and $a_0$ the $s$-wave scattering length. The universal regime typically extends up to $x\approx 0.001$, while at larger values specific details of the interaction start to be relevant and different model potentials lead to different results. Dipolar systems are peculiar in this regard since the anisotropy of the interaction makes $a_0$ depend on the polarization angle $α$, so different combinations of $n$ and $α$ can lead to the same value of the gas parameter $x$. In this work we analyze the scaling properties of dipolar bosons in two dimensions as a function of the density and polarization dependent scattering length up to very large values of the gas parameter $x$. Using Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods we study the energy and the main structural and coherence properties of the ground state of a gas of dipolar bosons by varying the density and scattering length for fixed gas parameter. We find that the dipolar interaction shows relevant scaling laws up to unusually large values of $x$ that hold almost to the boundaries in the phase diagram where a transition to a stripe phase takes place.
Resolving diverse oxygen transport pathways across Sr-doped lanthanum ferrite and metal-perovskite heterostructures
Creators: name: Taylor, Sandra D.
name: Yano, Kayla H.
name: Sassi, Michel
name: Matthews, Bethany E.
name: Lambeets, Sten V.
name: Neumann, Sydney
name: Schreiber, Daniel K.
name: Wang, Le
name: Du, Yingge
name: Spurgeon, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perovskite structured transition metal oxides are important technological materials for catalysis and solid oxide fuel cell applications. Their functionality often depends on oxygen diffusivity and mobility through complex oxide heterostructures, which can be significantly impacted by structural and chemical modifications, such as doping. Further, when utilized within electrochemical cells, interfacial reactions with other components (e.g. Ni- and Cr-based alloy electrodes and interconnects) can influence the perovskite's reactivity and ion transport, leading to complex dependencies that are difficult to control in real-world environments. Here we use isotopic tracers and atom probe tomography to directly visualize oxygen diffusion and transport pathways across perovskite and metal-perovskite heterostructures, i.e. (Ni-Cr coated) Sr-doped lanthanum ferrite (LSFO). Annealing in 18O2(g) results in elemental and isotopic redistributions through oxygen exchange (OE) in the LSFO while Ni-Cr undergoes oxidation via multiple mechanisms and transport pathways. Complementary density functional theory (DFT) calculations at experimental conditions provide rationale for OE reaction mechanisms and reveal a complex interplay of different thermodynamic and kinetic drivers. Our results shed light on the fundamental coupling of defects and oxygen transport in an important class of catalytic materials.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures
IgG4 autoantibodies are inhibitory in the autoimmune disease bullous pemphigoid
Creators: name: Culton, Donna
name: Evangelista, Flor
name: Zuo, Yagang
name: Li, Ning
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Guilabert, Antonio
name: Lin, Lin
name: Diaz, Luis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The IgG4 subclass of antibodies exhibits unique characteristics that suggest it may function in an immunoregulatory capacity. The inhibitory function of IgG4 has been well documented in allergic disease by the demonstration of IgG4 blocking antibodies, but similar functions have not been explored in autoimmune disease. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease characterized by autoantibodies directed against BP180 and an inflammatory infiltrate including eosinophils and neutrophils. Animal models have revealed that the NC16A region within BP180 harbors the critical epitopes necessary for autoantibody mediated disease induction. BP180 NC16A-specific IgG belong to the IgG1, IgG3, and IgG4 subclasses. The purpose of this study was to determine effector functions of different IgG subclasses of NC16A-specific autoantibodies in BP. We find that IgG4 anti-NC16A autoantibodies inhibit the binding of IgG1 and IgG3 autoantibodies to the NC16A region. Moreover, IgG4 anti-NC16A blocks IgG1 and IgG3 induced complement fixation, neutrophil infiltration, and blister formation clinically and histologically in a dose-dependent manner following passive transfer to humanized BP180-NC16A mice. These findings highlight the inhibitory role of IgG4 in autoimmune disease and have important implications for the treatment of BP as well as other antibody mediated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Going Beyond the Cookie Theft Picture Test: Detecting Cognitive Impairments using Acoustic Features
Creators: name: Braun, Franziska
name: Erzigkeit, Andreas
name: Lehfeld, Hartmut
name: Hillemacher, Thomas
name: Riedhammer, Korbinian
name: Bayerl, Sebastian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Standardized tests play a crucial role in the detection of cognitive impairment. Previous work demonstrated that automatic detection of cognitive impairment is possible using audio data from a standardized picture description task. The presented study goes beyond that, evaluating our methods on data taken from two standardized neuropsychological tests, namely the German SKT and a German version of the CERAD-NB, and a semi-structured clinical interview between a patient and a psychologist. For the tests, we focus on speech recordings of three sub-tests: reading numbers (SKT 3), interference (SKT 7), and verbal fluency (CERAD-NB 1). We show that acoustic features from standardized tests can be used to reliably discriminate cognitively impaired individuals from non-impaired ones. Furthermore, we provide evidence that even features extracted from random speech samples of the interview can be a discriminator of cognitive impairment. In our baseline experiments, we use OpenSMILE features and Support Vector Machine classifiers. In an improved setup, we show that using wav2vec 2.0 features instead, we can achieve an accuracy of up to 85%.
description: Accepted at the 25th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue (TSD 2022)
Volume-shear coupling in a mesoscopic model of amorphous materials
Creators: name: Jagla, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-dimensional mesoscopic model of a yield stress material that includes the possibility of local volume fluctuations coupled to shear, in such a way that the shear strength of the material decreases as the local density decreases. The model reproduces a number of effects well known in the phenomenology of this kind of materials. Particularly, we find that: the volume of the sample increases as the deformation rate increases; shear bands are no longer oriented at 45 $^\circ$ with respect to the principal axis of the applied stress (as in the absence of volume-shear coupling); homogeneous deformation becomes unstable at low enough deformation rates if volume-shear coupling is strong enough. We also analyze the implications of this coupling in the context of out of equilibrium shear bands appearing for instance in metallic glasses.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Investigating the mass-ratio dependence of the prompt-collapse threshold with numerical-relativity simulations
Creators: name: Kölsch, Maximilian
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Ujevic, Maximiliano
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next observing runs of advanced gravitational-wave detectors will lead to a variety of binary neutron star detections and numerous possibilities for multi-messenger observations of binary neutron star systems. In this context a clear understanding of the merger process and the possibility of prompt black hole formation after merger is important, as the amount of ejected material strongly depends on the merger dynamics. These dynamics are primarily affected by the total mass of the binary, however, the mass ratio also influences the postmerger evolution. To determine the effect of the mass ratio, we investigate the parameter space around the prompt-collapse threshold with a new set of fully relativistic simulations. The simulations cover three equations of state and seven mass ratios in the range of $1.0 \leq q \leq 1.75$, with five to seven simulations of binary systems of different total mass in each case. The threshold mass is determined through an empirical relation based on the collapse-time, which allows us to investigate effects of the mass-ratio on the threshold mass and also on the properties of the remnant system. Furthermore, we model effects of mass ratio and equation of state on tidal parameters of threshold configurations.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures, 16 tables
The Functional Equations of Langlands Eisenstein Series for $SL(n,\mathbb Z)$
Creators: name: Goldfeld, Dorian
name: Stade, Eric
name: Woodbury, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F55, 11F72

description: This paper presents a very simple explicit description of Langlands Eisenstein series for ${\rm SL}(n,\mathbb Z)$. The functional equations of these Eisenstein series are heuristically derived from the functional equations of certain divisor sums and certain Whittaker functions that appear in the Fourier coefficients of the Eisenstein series. We conjecture that the functional equations are unique up to a real affine transformation of the $s$ variables defining the Eisenstein series and prove the uniqueness conjecture in certain cases.
Thermal Stress Tensor Correlators, OPE and Holography
Creators: name: Karlsson, Robin
name: Parnachev, Andrei
name: Prilepina, Valentina
name: Valach, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In strongly coupled conformal field theories with a large central charge important light degrees of freedom are the stress tensor and its composites, multi-stress tensors. We consider the OPE expansion of two-point functions of the stress tensor in thermal and heavy states and focus on the contributions from the stress tensor and double-stress tensors in four spacetime dimensions. We compare the results to the holographic finite temperature two-point functions and read off conformal data beyond the leading order in the large central charge expansion. In particular, we compute corrections to the OPE coefficients which determine the near-lightcone behavior of the correlators. We also compute the anomalous dimensions of the double-stress tensor operators.
description: 47 pages
Microbial and physical-chemical properties as influenced by land use change in the conversion of cassava into rubber tree plantation system
Creators: name: Phrueksa Lawongsa
Publisher: name: Research and Technology Transfer Affairs Division.Khon Kaen University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Land use change, cassava, rubber tree, soil respiration, microbial biomass

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 21, 3, 36-43
On Codimension-one Vacua and String Theory
Creators: name: Raucci, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate codimension-one vacua arising from low energy effective actions inspired by string theory, with an eye to their consistency when localized sources are allowed in the equations of motion. We draw some inspiration from Sugimoto's USp(32) model, the simplest setting for brane supersymmetry breaking, and from the 0'B model, with their Dudas-Mourad solutions. Although the sources that one can thus identify do not have a clear role in string theory, this type of investigation is naturally suggested by the singularities that appear at the endpoints of internal intervals. We also discuss the introduction of sources in deformed D8-like solutions in type IIA, pointing out an analogy with one of the non-supersymmetric models. Finally, we show that an appropriate choice of frame can simplify computations in models with tadpole potentials.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX; typos corrected, references added
CO luminosity - line width correlation of sub-millimeter galaxies and a possible cosmological application
Creators: name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Toft, Sune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. A possible correlation between CO luminosity (L_CO ) and its line width (FWHM) has been suggested and denied in the literature. Such claims were often based on a small, or heterogeneous sample of galaxies, and thus inconclusive. Aims. We aim to prove or dis-prove the L_CO -FWHM correlation. Methods. We compile a large sample of submm galaxies at z>2 from the literature, and investigate the L_CO-FWHM relation. Results. After carefully evaluating the selection effects and uncertainties such as inclination and magnification via gravitational lensing, we show that there exist a weak but significant correlation between L_CO and FWHM. We also discuss a feasibility to measure the cosmological distance using the correlation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. A related video is at https://youtu.be/scWMFurOJi8
Effects of storage duration at low temperature on hatchability and post-hatch performances of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica)
Creators: name: Watchara Laenoi
Publisher: name: Research and Technology Transfer Affairs Division.Khon Kaen University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Japanese quails, hatchability, incubation, low temperature storage

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 21, 3, 44-50
Cavity-mediated superconductor$\unicode{x2013}$ferromagnetic insulator coupling
Creators: name: Janssønn, Andreas T. G.
name: Hugdal, Henning G.
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Jacobsen, Sol H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent proof of concept showed that cavity photons can mediate superconducting (SC) signatures to a ferromagnetic insulator (FI) over a macroscopic distance [Phys. Rev. B, 102, 180506(R) (2020)]. In contrast with conventional proximity systems, this facilitates long-distance FI$\unicode{x2013}$SC coupling, local subjection to different drives and temperatures, and studies of their mutual interactions without proximal disruption of their orders. Here we derive a microscopic theory for these interactions, with an emphasis on the leading effect on the FI, namely, an induced anisotropy field. In an arbitrary practical example, we find an anisotropy field of $14 \unicode{x2013} 16$ $μ$T, which is expected to yield an experimentally appreciable tilt of the FI spins for low-coercivity FIs such as Bi-YIG. We discuss the implications and potential applications of such a system in the context of superconducting spintronics.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Spintronics with graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Droth, Matthias
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to its intrinsic ability to preserve spin coherence, graphene is a prime material for spintronics. In this review article, we summarize recent achievements related to spintronics in graphene quantum dots and motivate this field from a spintronics and a materials science point of view. We focus on theory but also discuss recent experiments. The main sources of spin decoherence are interactions with lattice excitations and the hyperfine interaction with present nuclear spins. We explain effective spin-phonon coupling in detail and present a generic power law for the spin relaxation time T1 as a function of the magnetic field. For specific cases, we discuss spin relaxation in detail. The Heisenberg exchange interaction is paramount for coherent spin qubit operation and addressed in the context of magnetism in graphene nano flakes. Nuclear spins in the host and surrounding material can be considered by several means and the influence of 13C nuclei has been studied in detail. Impressive advances in general spintronics and the fabrication of graphene devices are likely to spark significant advances in spintronics with graphene quantum dots in the near future.
description: 15 pages, 1 abstract figure, 8 body figures
Shedding Flavor on Dark via Freeze-in: $U(1)_{B-3L_i}$ Gauged Extensions
Creators: name: Barman, Basabendu
name: Ghosh, Purusottam
name: Ghoshal, Anish
name: Mukherjee, Lopamudra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a singlet fermionic dark matter (DM) $χ$ in a gauged $U(1)_{B-3L_i}$ extension of the Standard Model (SM), with $i\in e\,,μ\,,τ$, and derive bounds on the allowed parameter space, considering its production via freeze-in mechanism. The DM communicates with the SM only through flavorful vector-portal $Z_\text{B3L}$ due to its non-trivial charge $x$ under $U(1)_{B-3L_{i}}$, which also guarantees the stability of the DM over the age of the Universe for $x\neq\{\pm 3/2,\pm 3\}$. Considering $Z_\text{B3L}$ to lie within the mass range of a few MeV up to a few GeV, we obtain constraints on the gauge coupling $g_\text{B3L}$ from the requirement of producing right relic abundance. Taking limits from various (present and future) experimental facilities, e.g., NuCal, NA64, FASER, SHiP into account, we show that the relic density allowed parameter space for the frozen in DM can be probed with $g_\text{B3L}\gtrsim 10^{-8}$ for both $m_χ
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 1 Table. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Essays on the effectiveness of KAM disclosure in auditor's reports
Creators: name: Rematzki, Johanna
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Key Audit Matters
subject: Auditor's report
subject: Investors' behavior
subject: Audit expectation gap
subject: Financial reporting environment
subject: 330
subject: Prüfungsbericht
subject: Anlageverhalten
subject: Finanzberichterstattung
subject: Offenlegung

description: This cumulative dissertation examines the effectiveness of key audit matters (KAMs) in the auditor’s report. The first paper investigates whether KAMs contribute to the audit expectation gap. While standard setters and regulators suggest that the expanded auditor's report will be a lot clearer when KAM disclosure is included, researchers believe that the audit expectation gap is rather an educational gap which exists because financial statement users are not aware of auditor’s responsibilities, even in the presence of KAMs. Our results reveal that KAM disclosure may not serve as a beneficial tool to narrow the audit expectation gap. The second paper examines the effect of linguistic characteristics in KAM disclosure on investors’ behavior in two ways: investors’ tendency to scrutinize managerial decision-making and investors' willingness to invest. While our findings show no significant differences for investors’ tendency to scrutinize managerial judgment making, we find that investors receiving an auditor's report with firm-specific information are less willing to invest in the company than investors who received an auditor’s report with standardized language. The third paper examines whether KAM disclosure influences managerial decision-making. We provide evidence that managers engage less in earnings management activities when the level of transparency in the auditor’s report increases. The fourth paper analyzes expanded auditor’s reports of CDAX listed companies in Germany. Our results show that the auditor identifies a wide variety of accounting matters in KAM disclosure which increases the informational value of the “new” auditor’s report. However, we also find that boilerplate and standardized language still exists. Taken together, the dissertation sheds light on the potential costs and benefits of KAM disclosure in the auditor’s report.
Conformal bridge transformation, $\mathcal{PT}$- and super- symmetry
Creators: name: Inzunza, Luis
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric extensions of the 1D and 2D Swanson models are investigated by applying the conformal bridge transformation (CBT) to the first order Berry-Keating Hamiltonian multiplied by $i$ and its conformally neutral enlargements. The CBT plays the role of the Dyson map that transforms the models into supersymmetric generalizations of the 1D and 2D harmonic oscillator systems, allowing us to define pseudo-Hermitian conjugation and a suitable inner product. In the 1D case, we construct a $\mathcal{PT}$-invariant supersymmetric model with $N$ subsystems by using the conformal generators of supersymmetric free particle, and identify its complete set of the true bosonic and fermionic integrals of motion. We also investigate an exotic $N=2$ supersymmetric generalization, in which the higher order supercharges generate nonlinear superalgebras. We generalize the construction for the 2D case to obtain the $\mathcal{PT}$-invariant supersymmetric systems that transform into the spin-1/2 Landau problem with and without an additional Aharonov-Bohm flux, where in the latter case, the well-defined integrals of motion appear only when the flux is quantized. We also build a 2D supersymmetric Hamiltonian related to the "exotic rotational invariant harmonic oscillator" system governed by a dynamical parameter $γ$. The bosonic and fermionic hidden symmetries for this model are shown to exist for rational values of $γ$.
description: 38 pages. The relation of the construction with the Swanson model and Dyson map is clarified, and the relationship of our basic PT-symmetric Hamiltonian with the Berry-Keating Hamiltonian and Hilbert-Polya conjecture is indicated
Orobanche canescens C. Presl, Delic.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Orobanchaceae
Orobanche
Orobanche canescens

description: Orobanche canescens C.Presl, Delic. Prag.: 72(–73). 1822. [July 1822]
 Ind. Loc.:—“in pascuis et pratis siccis Panormi Siciliae”. SIC
 Type (lectotype designated by Domina & Stepanek 2009: 32):— ITALY. “ Orobanche canescens Presl del. I. 72., O. minor Presl fl. sic. XXXIV nec Smith. In pascuis et pratis siccis ad Panormum Siciliae. May 1817, [Manu C. Presl]” (PRC 450908). Epitype (designated by Domina & Stepanek 2009: 32):— ITALY. Orobanche canescens C.Presl on Carlina sicula, San Martino delle Scale (Palermo, Sicily), 38°06’15,35’’N 13°16’ 11,45’’ E, 375 m a.s.l., 26 April 2004, G. Domina s.n. (PAL 56362).
 Compiled by:— G. Domina
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Metaball-Imaging Discrete Element Lattice Boltzmann Method for fluid-particle system of complex morphologies with settling case study
Creators: name: Zhao, Yifeng
name: Zhang, Pei
name: Lei, Liang
name: Galindo-Torres, S. A.
name: Li, Stan Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fluid-particle systems are highly sensitive to particle morphologies. While many attempts have been made on shape descriptors and coupling schemes, how to simulate the particle-particle and particle-fluid interactions with a balance between accuracy and efficiency is still a challenge, especially when complex-shaped particles are considered. This study presents a Metaball-Imaging (MI) based Discrete Element Lattice Boltzmann Method (DELBM) for fluid simulations with irregular shaped particles. The major innovation is the MI algorithm to capture the real grain shape for DELBM simulations,where the Metaball function is utilized as the mathematical representation due to its versatile and efficient expressiveness of complex shapes.The contact detection is tackled robustly by gradient calculation of the closest point with a Newton-Raphson based scheme. And the coupling with LBM is accomplished by a classic sharp-interface scheme. As for refiling, a local refiling algorithm based on the bounce back rule is implemented. Validations on three settling experiments of irregular-shaped natural cobblestones indicate the proposed model to be effective and powerful in probing micromechanics of irregular-shaped granular media immersed in fluid systems. The potential of this model on studies of shape-induced physical processes is further investigated with numerical examples on the "drafting, kissing and tumbling" phenomenon of pair particles in various shapes.
Exploring Users Pointing Performance on Large Displays with Different Curvatures in Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Ullah, A K M Amanat
name: Delamare, William
name: Hasan, Khalad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large curved displays inside Virtual Reality environments are becoming popular for visualizing high-resolution content during analytical tasks, gaming or entertainment. Prior research showed that such displays provide a wide field of view and offer users a high level of immersion. However, little is known about users' performance (e.g., pointing speed and accuracy) on them. We explore users' pointing performance on large virtual curved displays. We investigate standard pointing factors (e.g., target width and amplitude) in combination with relevant curve-related factors, namely display curvature and both linear and angular measures. Our results show that the less curved the display, the higher the performance, i.e., faster movement time. This result holds for pointing tasks controlled via their visual properties (linear widths and amplitudes) or their motor properties (angular widths and amplitudes). Additionally, display curvatures significantly affect the error rate for both linear and angular conditions. Furthermore, we observe that curved displays perform better or similar to flat displays based on throughput analysis. Finally, we discuss our results and provide suggestions regarding pointing tasks on large curved displays in VR.
description: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (2023)
Engineering a heat engine purely driven by quantum coherence
Creators: name: Aimet, Stefan
name: Kwon, Hyukjoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of whether quantum coherence is a resource beneficial or detrimental to the performance of quantum heat engines has been thoroughly studied but remains undecided. To isolate the contribution of coherence, we analyze the performance of a purely coherence-driven quantum heat engine, a device that does not include any heat flow during the thermodynamic cycle. The engine is powered by the coherence of a multiqubit system, where each qubit is charged via interaction with a coherence bath using the Jaynes-Cummings model. We demonstrate that optimal coherence charging and hence extractable work is achieved when the coherence bath has an intermediate degree of coherence. In our model, the extractable work is maximized when four copies of the charged qubits are used. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the engine, given by the extractable work per input coherence flow, is optimized by avoiding the coherence being stored in the system-bath correlations that is inaccessible to work. We numerically find that the highest efficiency is obtained for slightly lower temperatures and weaker system-bath coupling than those for optimal coherence charging.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Experimental Analysis of Functional Variation within Protein Families: Receiver Domain Autodephosphorylation Kinetics
Creators: name: Page, Stephani C.
name: Miller, Thane H.
name: Immormino, Robert M.
name: Bourret, Robert B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: ABSTRACT Plants and microorganisms use two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs) to mediate responses to environmental stimuli. TCSs mediate responses through phosphotransfer from a conserved histidine on a sensor kinase to a conserved aspartate on the receiver domain of a response regulator. Typically, signal termination occurs through dephosphorylation of the receiver domain, which can catalyze its own dephosphorylation. Despite strong structural conservation between receiver domains, reported autodephosphorylation rate constants ( k dephos ) span a millionfold range. Variable receiver domain active-site residues D + 2 and T + 2 (two amino acids C terminal to conserved phosphorylation site and Thr/Ser, respectively) influence k dephos values, but the extent and mechanism of influence are unclear. We used sequence analysis of a large database of naturally occurring receiver domains to design mutant receiver domains for experimental analysis of autodephosphorylation kinetics. When combined with previous analyses, k dephos values were obtained for CheY variants that contained D + 2/T + 2 pairs found in 54% of receiver domain sequences. Tested pairs of amino acids at D + 2/T + 2 generally had similar effects on k dephos in CheY, PhoB N , or Spo0F. Acid or amide residues at D + 2/T + 2 enhanced k dephos . CheY variants altered at D + 2/T + 2 exhibited rate constants for autophosphorylation with phosphoramidates and autodephosphorylation that were inversely correlated, suggesting that D + 2/T + 2 residues interact with aspects of the ground or transition states that differ between the two reactions. k dephos of CheY variants altered at D + 2/T + 2 correlated significantly with k dephos of wild-type receiver domains containing the same D + 2/T + 2 pair. Additionally, particular D + 2/T + 2 pairs were enriched in different response regulator subfamilies, suggesting functional significance. IMPORTANCE One protein family, defined by a conserved domain, can include hundreds of thousands of known members. Characterizing conserved residues within a conserved domain can identify functions shared by all family members. However, a general strategy to assess features that differ between members of a family is lacking. Fully exploring the impact of just two variable positions within a conserved domain could require assessment of 400 (i.e., 20 × 20) variants. Instead, we created and analyzed a nonredundant database of receiver domain sequences. Five percent of D + 2/T + 2 pairs were sufficient to represent 50% of receiver domain sequences. Using protein sequence analysis to prioritize mutant choice made it experimentally feasible to extensively probe the influence of positions D + 2 and T + 2 on receiver domain autodephosphorylation kinetics.
Orobanche caryophyllacea Sm., Trans. Linn. Soc. London
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Orobanchaceae
Orobanche
Orobanche caryophyllacea

description: Orobanche caryophyllacea Sm., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 4: 169(–172). 1798. [24 May 1798]
 Ind. Loc.:—“Gathered on shrubby hills near Valcimara at the foot of the Apennines, in April 1787. Tour on the Continent, vol. ii 308. Linnaeus received the same from Siberia”. MAR
 Type (lectotype designated by Foley 2001: 230):— ITALY. Hill behind the inn at Valcimara, 29 April 1787, Herb. Smith 1087.23 (LINN).
 Compiled by:— L. Peruzzi
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Dipole dynamics in the point vortex model
Creators: name: Lydon, Karl
name: Nazarenko, Sergey V.
name: Laurie, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the very heart of turbulent fluid flows are many interacting vortices that produce a chaotic and seemingly unpredictable velocity field. Gaining new insight into the complex motion of vortices and how they can lead to topological changes of flows is of fundamental importance in our strive to understand turbulence. Our aim is form an understanding of vortex interactions by investigating the dynamics of point vortex dipoles interacting with a hierarchy of vortex structures using the idealized point vortex model. Motivated by its close analogy to the dynamics of quantum vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates, we present new results on dipole size evolution, stability properties of vortex clusters, and the role of dipole-cluster interactions in turbulent mixing in 2D quantum turbulence. In particular, we discover a mechanism of rapid cluster disintegration analogous to a time-reversed self-similar vortex collapse solution.
description: 57 pages (40 pages + appendix), 22 figures
Exploring Collaborative Game Play with Robots to Encourage Good Hand Hygiene Practises among Children
Creators: name: Pasupuleti, Devasena
name: Sasidharan, Sreejith
name: Sharma, Rajesh
name: Manikutty, Gayathri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a novel collaborative educational game titled "Land of Hands", involving children and a customized social robot that we designed (HakshE). Through this gaming platform, we aim to teach proper hand hygiene practises to children and explore the extent of interactions that take place between a pro-social robot and children in such a setting. We blended gamification with Computers as Social Actors (CASA) paradigm to model the robot as a social actor or a fellow player in the game. The game was developed using Godot's 2D engine and Alice 3. In this study, 32 participants played the game online through a video teleconferencing platform Zoom. To understand the influence a pro-social robot's nudges has on children's interactions, we split our study into two conditions: With-Nudges and Without-Nudges. Detailed analysis of rubrics and video analyses of children's interactions show that our platform helped children learn good hand hygiene practises. We also found that using a pro-social robot creates enjoyable interactions and greater social engagement between the children and the robot although learning itself wasn't influenced by the pro-sociality of the robot.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot & Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2022)
Euclidean and Lorentzian Actions of the Classicalized Holographic Tensor Network
Creators: name: Konishi, Eiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In three spacetime dimensions, we propose a generally covariant Lorentzian action of the classicalized holographic tensor network (cHTN) as the holographic reduction of the Einstein-Hilbert action of gravity in the presence of a negative cosmological constant. In this article, first, we investigate the properties of this Lorentzian action in the ground state. Next, based on the Euclidean action of the cHTN, we derive the gravity perturbation induced by a massive particle at rest in the cHTN as the Unruh effect. Finally, we view our holographic formulation of spacetime as a non-equilibrium second law subject to general covariance.
description: v2: 6 pages, revtex