cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Economic Impact Analysis of Automated Mines in Australia
Creators: name: Tzameret  Rubin
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: According to the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), in 2011 the value of resource exports rose by 16%, accounting for 2 percentage points of the 5.5% growth in nominal GDP over the year to December (RBA, 2012). While the volume of export capacity did not change significantly (only increasing by 1%), the prices of minerals have steadily increased in the last 30 years. This gap between the value and volume of export growth can be addressed by technological solutions to increase productivity. Any technological solution that can increase mining production volume would yield a significant increase in value, which in turn would increase Australia’s GDP.Our findings suggest that in 2013, if 3% of Australian mines had started the process of fully automating their mines, over the next 20 years, every year on average, mining revenues would increase by nearly AUD$436 million for coal, AUD$724 million for iron ore, AUD$291 million for bauxite and AUD$105 million for copper
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 169.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 30.07.1985, 08:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Foliation, jet bundle and quantization of Einstein gravity
Creators: name: Park, I. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In \cite{Park:2014tia} we proposed a way of quantizing gravity with the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian analyses in the ADM setup. One of the key observations was that the physical configuration space of the 4D Einstein-Hilbert action admits a three-dimensional description, thereby making gravity renormalization possible through a metric field redefinition. Subsequently, a more mathematical and complementary picture of the reduction based on foliation theory was presented in \cite{Park:2014qoa}. With the setup of foliation the physical degrees of freedom have been identified with a certain leaf. Here we expand the work of \cite{Park:2014qoa} by adding another mathematical ingredient - an element of jet bundle theory. With the introduction of the jet bundle, the procedure of identifying the true degrees of freedom outlined therein is made precise and the whole picture of the reduction is put on firm mathematical ground.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures, sections restructured and two appendices added, comments on loop quantum gravity added, refs added, version to appear in Frontiers in Physics
Acute kidney injury in group A streptococcal bacteraemia: incidence, outcome and predictive value of C-reactive protein
Creators: name: Vilhonen, Johanna
name: Koivuviita, Niina
name: Vahlberg, Tero
name: Vuopio, Jaana
name: Oksi, Jarmo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: A ubiquitous human pathogen, Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, GAS) causes infections from mild pharyngitis to severe septic infections. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition of prompt decline of renal function. The aim of the present study was to report the incidence and outcome of AKI in GAS bacteraemia and to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum C-reactive protein as an indicator of AKI. All adult patients with GAS bacteraemia treated at Turku University Hospital from 2007 to 2018 were identified and their patient records were scrutinised. Of 195 included patients, 38 (19.5%) had AKI stage 1, 20 (10.3%) AKI stage 2 and 26 (13.3%) AKI stage 3 and 111 (56.9%) did not have AKI. The adjusted seven-day mortality was significantly higher in AKI stages 2 and 3 compared to the non-AKI group (15% and 19% vs. 3.6%; p = .046 and .006, respectively). Of the survivors, 95.8% met the criteria of renal recovery at discharge. The higher the AKI stage, the higher was the mean serum CRP level on admission. The optimal cut-off for CRP to identify patients with AKI stage 2 or 3 was ≥244 mg/l (sensitivity 82.6% and specificity 75.8%). AKI is common in patients with GAS bacteraemia and the severity of AKI correlates with the CRP level on admission. The mortality of patients with GAS bacteraemia and AKI is significantly higher than of patients without AKI. Most survivors, however, show renal recovery. AKI is common in group A Streptococcal bacteraemia and increases mortality compared to bacteraemia alone. However, renal recovery is also common. A high CRP level on admission correlates significantly positively with the degree of severity of AKI.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 118.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.06.1985, 07:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
A review on the clinical pharmacokinetics of hydralazine
Creators: name: Qamar, Asma Shahzad
name: Zamir, Ammara
name: Khalid, Sundus
name: Ashraf, Waseem
name: Imran, Imran
name: Hussain, Iltaf
name: Rehman, Anees Ur
name: Saeed, Hamid
name: Majeed, Abdul
name: Alqahtani, Faleh
name: Rasool, Muhammad Fawad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Hydralazine is a vasodilator used to treat hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and heart failure. The current article reviews the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of hydralazine, which can be useful for clinicians in optimizing its dose and dosing frequency to avoid adverse effects and unexpected interactions that could risk patients’ lives. This review has summarized the PK parameters for hydralazine after performing an extensive literature search. It includes 20 publications that were selected after applying eligibility criteria out of a pool of literature that was searched using Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and EBSCO databases. The included studies consisted of concentration vs. time profiles of hydralazine. If the PK data were not tabulated in the given study, the concentration vs. time profiles were scanned for the extraction of the PK data. The PK parameters were calculated by applying a non-compartmental analysis (NCA). The current review will aid clinicians in understanding hydralazine PK in different disease populations. This clinical PK data might also be helpful in the development of a pharmacokinetic model of hydralazine.
Spatial data modeling by means of Gibbs Markov random fields based on a generalized planar rotator model
Creators: name: Žukovič, Milan
name: Hristopulos, Dionissios T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a Gibbs Markov random field for spatial data on Cartesian grids which is based on the generalized planar rotator (GPR) model. The GPR model generalizes the recently proposed modified planar rotator (MPR) model by including in the Hamiltonian additional terms that better capture realistic features of spatial data, such as smoothness, non-Gaussianity, and geometric anisotropy. In particular, the GPR model includes up to infinite number of higher-order harmonics with exponentially vanishing interaction strength, directional dependence of the bilinear interaction term between nearest grid neighbors, longer-distance neighbor interactions, and two types of an external bias field. Hence, in contrast with the single-parameter MPR model, the GPR model features five additional parameters: the number $n$ of higher-order terms and the parameter $α$ controlling their decay rate, the exchange anisotropy parameter $J^{nn}$, the further-neighbor interaction coupling $J^{fn}$, and the external field (bias) parameters $K$ (or $K'$). We present numerical tests on various synthetic data which demonstrate the effects of the respective terms on the model's prediction performance and we discuss these results in connection with the data properties.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Finite-key analysis for quantum key distribution with discrete phase randomization
Creators: name: Wang, Rui Qiang
name: yin, Zhen Qiang
name: Wang, Rong
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Guo, Guang can
name: Han, Zhen fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution(QKD) allows two remote parties to share information-theoretic secret keys. Many QKD protocols assume the phase of encoding state can be continuous randomized from 0 to 2 pi, which, however, may be questionable in experiment. This is particularly the case in the recently proposed twin-field(TF) QKD, which has received a lot of attention, since it can increase key rate significantly and even beat some theoretical rate-loss limits. As an intuitive solution, one may introduce discrete phase-randomization instead of continuous one. However, a security proof for a QKD protocol with discrete phase-randomization in finite-key region is still missing. Here we develop a technique based on conjugate measurement and quantum state distinguishment to ana-lyze the security in this case. Our result shows that TF-QKD with reasonable number of discrete random phases, e.g. 8 phases from {0, pi/4, pi/2, ..., 7pi/4}, can achieve satisfactory performance. More importantly, as a the first proof for TF-QKD with discrete phase-randomization in finite-key region, our method is also applicable in other QKD protocols.
description: 1 figures,20 pages
Construction of Entangled Many-body States via the Higgs Mechanism
Creators: name: Noh, Pureum
name: Moon, Eun-Gook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a guiding principle to generate entanglement of quantum many-body states by applying key ideas of the Higgs mechanism to systems without gauge structures. Unitary operators associated with the Higgs mechanism are constructed, named as mean-operators, and employed to prepare entangled many-body states out of a trivial state. We uncover a symmetry-protectedtopological state with two Ising symmetries on a square lattice and find entangled states with different symmetries and lattices. Plausible applications to quantum simulators such as Rydberg atoms and trapped ions, are also discussed, interpreting the mean-operators as the Ising coupling gates.
description: Main text: 5 pages, 1 figure, Supplemental material: 6 pages
Classifying the non-time-local and entangling dynamics of an open qubit system
Creators: name: Prudhoe, Sean
name: Shandera, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study families of dynamical maps generated from interactions with varying degrees of symmetry. For a family of time-independent Hamiltonians, we demonstrate the relationship between symmetry, strong-coupling, perfect entanglers, non-Markovian features, and non-time-locality. We show that by perturbing the initial environment state, effective time-local descriptions can be obtained that are non-singular yet capture essential non-unitary features of the reduced dynamics. We then consider a time-dependent Hamiltonian that changes the degree of symmetry by activating a dormant degree of freedom. In this example we find that the one-qubit reduced dynamics changes dramatically. These results can inform the construction of effective theories of open systems when the larger system dynamics is unknown.
description: 29 pages, 5 figure
Computable lower bounds on the entanglement cost of quantum channels
Creators: name: Lami, Ludovico
name: Regula, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of lower bounds for the entanglement cost of any quantum state was recently introduced in [arXiv:2111.02438] in the form of entanglement monotones known as the tempered robustness and tempered negativity. Here we extend their definitions to point-to-point quantum channels, establishing a lower bound for the asymptotic entanglement cost of any channel, whether finite or infinite dimensional. This leads, in particular, to a bound that is computable as a semidefinite program and that can outperform previously known lower bounds, including ones based on quantum relative entropy. In the course of our proof we establish a useful link between the robustness of entanglement of quantum states and quantum channels, which requires several technical developments such as showing the lower semicontinuity of the robustness of entanglement of a channel in the weak*-operator topology on bounded linear maps between spaces of trace class operators.
description: 24 pages. Technical companion paper to [arXiv:2111.02438], now published as [Nat. Phys. 19, 184-189 (2023)]. In v2, which is close to the published version, we improved the presentation and corrected a few typos
Nothing to see here: Failed supernovae are faint or rare
Creators: name: Byrne, Robert
name: Fraser, Morgan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of Type IIP core-collapse supernovae arising from progenitors above 17 solar masses suggests the existence of another evolutionary path by which massive stars end their lives. The direct collapse of a stellar core to a black hole without the production of a bright, explosive transient is expected to produce a long-lived, dim, red transient known as a failed supernova. Despite the detection of a number of candidates for disappearing massive stars in recent years, conclusive observational evidence for failed supernovae remains elusive. A custom-built pipeline designed for the detection of faint transients is used to re-analyse 10 years of observations of 231 nearby galaxies from the PTF/ZTF surveys. This analysis recovers known supernovae, and yields a number of interesting transients. However, none of these are consistent with a failed supernova. Through Monte Carlo tests the recovery efficiency of our pipeline is quantified. By assuming failed supernovae occur as a Poissonian process with zero detections in the data set, 95 per cent upper limits to the rate of failed supernovae are calculated as a function of failed supernova absolute magnitude. We estimate failed supernovae to be less than 0.61, 0.33, 0.26, or 0.23 of the core-collapse SN rate for absolute magnitudes of $-11$, $-12$, $-13$, and $-14$ respectively. Finally, we show that if they exist, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory will find 1.7 - 3.7 failed SNe per year for an absolute bolometric luminosity of $\sim 6 \times 10^{39} \textrm{ erg s}^{-1}$ out to distances of 33 - 43 Mpc, depending on their assumed spectral energy distribution.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, submitted to MNRAS
SnowApp - Climate service prototype co-designed for ski resorts in Northern Finland (H2020 Blue-Action project)
Creators: name: Mettiäinen, Ilona
name: Coath, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: climate service
ski resort
winter tourism
climate adaptation
snowmaking

description: Presentation at the PROSNOW (H2020) "Climate services relevant to ski tourism" webinar on September 28, 2020 14h-17h CEST. Abstract: Arctic Centre at the University of Lapland and Ruka Ski Resort have co-designed a climate service for winter tourism in Northern Finland within the within the Blue-Action: Arctic Impact on Weather and Climate project (2016-2021) (EU Horizon 2020). The climate service prototype offers a seasonal forecast on snowmaking conditions. The climate service called SnowApp provides a reliable forecast on the conditions for 4 weeks and is hence a decision-support tool for the ski resort management. SnowApp is particularly useful in the critical condititions in the early skiing season and for anticipating exceptionally warm periods exceeding 3-4 days weather forecast. The prototype designed with a real end-user will be made available also for new uptakers within the ski industry in Finland and abroad.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 68.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.04.1985, 08:30, erstellt von Michele Bianda, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
A ML-LLM pairing for better code comment classification
Creators: name: Akl, Hanna Abi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The "Information Retrieval in Software Engineering (IRSE)" at FIRE 2023 shared task introduces code comment classification, a challenging task that pairs a code snippet with a comment that should be evaluated as either useful or not useful to the understanding of the relevant code. We answer the code comment classification shared task challenge by providing a two-fold evaluation: from an algorithmic perspective, we compare the performance of classical machine learning systems and complement our evaluations from a data-driven perspective by generating additional data with the help of large language model (LLM) prompting to measure the potential increase in performance. Our best model, which took second place in the shared task, is a Neural Network with a Macro-F1 score of 88.401% on the provided seed data and a 1.5% overall increase in performance on the data generated by the LLM.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, accepted for the Information Retrieval in Software Engineering track at the Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation 2023
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 83.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.04.1985, 08:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 5.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Hearing health collaboration (James et al., 2017)
Creators: name: James, Jerald
name: Chappell, Rachel
name: Mercante, Donald E.
name: Gunaldo, Tina Patel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Purpose: To enhance audiology and physician assistant (PA) student appreciation for collaboration/team-based care through an interprofessional educational activity focused on hearing assessments.Method: A total of 18 students from Louisiana State University Health–New Orleans’s audiology and PA programs participated in an optional interprofessional education learning opportunity, which included a demonstration of hearing assessments. To assess student perspectives regarding interprofessional learning, the students completed pre- and post-surveys.Results: Eighteen students completed a survey, including 5 questions using a Likert scale and 1 open-ended question. Both audiology and PA students demonstrated significant statistical improvement in 2 interprofessional competencies: roles/responsibilities and interprofessional communication. Students also reported increased awareness and knowledge in the skills of the opposite professions as related to hearing assessments.Conclusion: Integrating interprofessional education experiences within an audiology program promotes collaborative practice patterns and supports new educational accreditation standards.
Supplemental Material S1. The interprofessional education session document outlining information regarding the case, time schedule, learning objectives, demonstration activities, and stimulus questions.
James, J., Chappell, R., Mercante, D. E., & Gunaldo, T. P. (2017). Promoting hearing health collaboration through an interprofessional education experience. American Journal of Audiology, 26, 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_AJA-17-0040
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 127.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.06.1985, 12:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Living in a mosaic of Brazilian Atlantic Forest and plantations: spatial ecology of five bushmaster Lachesis muta (Viperidae Crotalinae)
Creators: name: Padrón, Diego F.
name: Mebert, Konrad
name: Pareja-Mejía, Daniela
name: Bauer, Arthur
name: Vasconcelos, Laise D. Fernandes
name: Correia, Diego
name: Giné, Gastón A. Fernandez
name: Solé, Mirco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: This is the first multiple months study on home range and habitat use by a small group of bushmaster (Lachesis spp.). Five snakes (natives and translocated) were intensively radio tracked in a mosaic of plantations and small fragments of Atlantic Forest in the Reserva Ecologica Michelin in Bahia, Brazil. The average home range was 9.47 ha (MCP 95%) and 44.11 (Kernel 95%) for bushmasters tracked for more than 6 months. The macrohabitats used were primarily composed of disturbed primary (partially logged) and secondary (originally cleared) forests, but also of rubber tree plantations with a dense understory vegetation. Activity centres were closer to the forest edge (~ 22 m) than the core of the small forest fragments. The snakes mainly occupied wooded microhabitats with complex vegetation structures, around 50% under- and mid-story cover. Nocturnal ambush differed from diurnal resting microhabitats on the surface mainly by being significantly closer to mammal trails and a more open understory space. While mammal burrows and refuges under roots and rocks have been used, diurnal resting was primarily on the forest floor (75%). Translocation from sites > 20 km outside the study site has produced little evidence of negative effect, as all individuals grew impressively, continued an apparently normal life and established a home range similar to native bushmasters.
Drug pharmacokinetics in the obese population: challenging common assumptions on predictors of obesity-related parameter changes
Creators: name: Zhang, Tan
name: Krekels, Elke H.J.
name: Smit, Cornelis
name: Knibbe, Catherijne A.J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Obesity is associated with many physiological changes. We review available evidence regarding five commonly accepted assumptions to a priori predict the impact of obesity on drug pharmacokinetics (PK). The investigated assumptions are: 1) lean body weight is the preferred descriptor of clearance and dose adjustments; 2) volume of distribution increases for lipophilic, but not for hydrophilic drugs; 3) CYP-3A4 activity is suppressed and UGT activity is increased, implying decreased and increased dose requirements for substrates of these enzyme systems, respectively; 4) glomerular filtration rate is enhanced, necessitating higher doses for drugs cleared through glomerular filtration; 5) drug dosing information from obese adults can be extrapolated to obese adolescents. Available literature contradicts, or at least limits the generalizability, of all five assumptions. Clinical studies should focus on quantifying the impact of duration and severity of obesity on drug PK in adults and adolescents, and also include oral bioavailability and pharmacodynamics in these studies. Physiologically based PK approaches can be used to predict PK changes for individual drugs but can also be used to define in general terms based on patient characteristics and drug properties, when certain assumptions can or cannot be expected to be systematically accurate.
Association patterns in a high-elevation chimpanzee community in Rwanda
Creators: name: Grueter, Cyril C.
name: Ridley, Amanda R.
name: Kaplin, Beth A.
name: Matthews, Jaya K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Investment in social interaction and affiliative behaviour is often related to variation in sex-specific dispersal patterns among species but can also vary within species in response to local environmental conditions and feeding competition. Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) association patterns have been studied primarily in low and mid-elevation tropical forests. This study adds to our understanding of association patterns in chimpanzees by presenting the first data on association patterns in a high-elevation population at Nyungwe in equatorial Rwanda. Using data on co-occurrence in social parties (party association) and calculating gregariousness indices, we quantified levels of associations among age-sex classes relative to food (fruit) distribution and the presence of oestrous females. Overall, adult females in Nyungwe are less gregarious than males. Female but not male gregariousness increased when feeding on clumped foods, indicating that resource characteristics impact female association tendencies more intensely than males. Despite high elevation forests representing a habitat with relatively fewer fruit resources for chimpanzees, at an edge of range location, we found that gregariousness patterns were driven by similar factors as those in mid and low elevation chimpanzee populations. – We quantified association patterns in a high elevation population of chimpanzees at Nyungwe (Rwanda)– Adult females were less gregarious than males– Female but not male gregariousness increased when feeding on clumped foods, indicating that resource characteristics impact female association tendencies more intensely than males – We quantified association patterns in a high elevation population of chimpanzees at Nyungwe (Rwanda) – Adult females were less gregarious than males – Female but not male gregariousness increased when feeding on clumped foods, indicating that resource characteristics impact female association tendencies more intensely than males
Broadband Squeezed Microwaves and Amplification with a Josephson Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifier
Creators: name: Qiu, Jack Y.
name: Grimsmo, Arne
name: Peng, Kaidong
name: Kannan, Bharath
name: Lienhard, Benjamin
name: Sung, Youngkyu
name: Krantz, Philip
name: Bolkhovsky, Vladimir
name: Calusine, Greg
name: Kim, David
name: Melville, Alex
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Yoder, Jonilyn
name: Schwartz, Mollie E.
name: Orlando, Terry P.
name: Siddiqi, Irfan
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: O'Brien, Kevin P.
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Squeezing of the electromagnetic vacuum is an essential metrological technique used to reduce quantum noise in applications spanning gravitational wave detection, biological microscopy, and quantum information science. In superconducting circuits, the resonator-based Josephson-junction parametric amplifiers conventionally used to generate squeezed microwaves are constrained by a narrow bandwidth and low dynamic range. In this work, we develop a dual-pump, broadband Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier that combines a phase-sensitive extinction ratio of 56 dB with single-mode squeezing on par with the best resonator-based squeezers. We also demonstrate two-mode squeezing at microwave frequencies with bandwidth in the gigahertz range that is almost two orders of magnitude wider than that of contemporary resonator-based squeezers. Our amplifier is capable of simultaneously creating entangled microwave photon pairs with large frequency separation, with potential applications including high-fidelity qubit readout, quantum illumination and teleportation.
Phylogeographic investigation of the bladder grasshopper Bullacris unicolor (Orthoptera Pneumoroidea) in South Africa
Creators: name: Sathyan, Rekha
name: Engelbrecht, Adriaan
name: Couldridge, Vanessa C.K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: There are several factors, such as genetic drift, gene flow and migration that affect the population genetic structure and phylogeographic distribution of genetic lineages within single species. Previous studies of the bladder grasshoppers, Bullacris unicolor of South Africa, showed divergence in mitochondrial CO1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) haplotype diversity and significant genetic structure. In this study, we revisit these findings adding more samples from different locations and using mitochondrial CO1 and Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences. We tested the hypothesis that the western, northern and eastern distribution ranges of B. unicolor show different population genetic patterns, corresponding with isolation-by-distance. Mitochondrial CO1 and ITS data were collected for 99 individuals from 12 localities across the Western, Northern and Eastern sides of South Africa. Overall, significant variation in genetic structure was found across the localities as indicated by FST analyses. Haplotype and phylogeographical analyses suggested that restricted gene flow played a role in shaping current genetic patterns, although isolation-by-distance was not supported, as confirmed by Mantel tests. Phylogenetic trees of both genetic sequences revealed two major clades, with western and northern sides. Also, the major clades exhibit a few sub-clades within the localities, showing other factors shaping the genetic structure of B. unicolor include the geographical barriers, and most likely due to changes in habitat specificity and habitat fragmentation. Taken together, this study aims to contribute information on the population structure and genetic diversity of B. unicolor populations across South Africa.
title: BIPOLARITY OF MALADAPTIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS IN THE ALTERNATIVE MODEL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS
Creators: name: Hines, Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.1
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: It has been posited that extremely high or extremely low levels of any personality trait in the Five Factor Model of Personality can be maladaptive. However, the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) in Section III of the DSM-5 is composed almost exclusively of unipolar maladaptive traits. The lack of maladaptively low neuroticism and high extraversion fails to fully cover psychopathy; the lack of maladaptively high extraversion fails to cover histrionic personality disorder (HPD); the lack of maladaptively high agreeableness fails to cover dependent personality disorder (DPD); and the lack of maladaptively high conscientiousness fails to cover obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). The goal of the present study was to discern whether Five Factor Model Personality Disorder (FFMPD) scales demonstrate incremental validity over the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in capturing variance in symptom measures of each of these personality disorders. A combined sample of N = 733 completed an online questionnaire battery that included the PID-5 and FFMPD scales for psychopathy, HPD, DPD, and OCPD, along with symptom measures for each of these conditions. A series of hierarchical regression models was conducted in which each symptom measure was regressed on the PID-5 (entered in Step 1) and the corresponding FFMPD measure (entered in Step 2). Results suggest that adding the FFMPD measure to the models accounted for significantly more variance in its corresponding symptom measure than the PID-5 alone. Taken together, these results suggest that maladaptive variants of personality traits that are often considered healthy (e.g., high extraversion, low neuroticism) confer important information about personality disorder symptoms and functioning and should be included in the AMPD.
description: 2023 Alexandra Hines
Field-Controlled Electrical Switch with Liquid Metal
Creators: name: Wissman, James
name: Dickey, Michael D.
name: Majidi, Carmel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: When immersed in an electrolyte, droplets of Ga-based liquid metal (LM) alloy can be manipulated in ways not possible with conventional electrocapillarity or electrowetting. This study demonstrates how LM electrochemistry can be exploited to coalesce and separate droplets under moderate voltages of ~1–10 V. This novel approach to droplet interaction can be explained with a theory that accounts for oxidation and reduction as well as fluidic instabilities. Based on simulations and experimental analysis, this study finds that droplet separation is governed by a unique limit-point instability that arises from gradients in bipolar electrochemical reactions that lead to gradients in interfacial tension. The LM coalescence and separation are used to create a field-programmable electrical switch. As with conventional relays or flip-flop latch circuits, the system can transition between bistable (separated or coalesced) states, making it useful for memory storage, logic, and shape-programmable circuitry using entirely liquids instead of solid-state materials.
Strong instability of standing waves for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a delta potential
Creators: name: Ohta, Masahito
name: Yamaguchi, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study strong instability (instability by blowup) of standing wave solutions for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with an attractive delta potential and $L^2$-supercritical power nonlinearity in one space dimension. We also compare our sufficient condition on strong instability with some known results on orbital instability.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Unsteady thermal transport in an instantly heated semi-infinite free end Hooke chain
Creators: name: Liazhkov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider unsteady ballistic heat transport in a semi-infinite Hooke chain with free end and arbitrary initial temperature profile. An analytical description of the evolution of the kinetic temperature is proposed in both discrete (exact) and continuum (approximate) formulations. By comparison of the discrete and continuum descriptions of kinetic temperature field, we reveal some restrictions to the latter. Specifically, the far-field kinetic temperature is well described by the continuum solution, which, however, deviates near and at the free end (boundary). We show analytically that, after thermal wave reflects from the boundary, the discrete solution for the kinetic temperature undergoes a jump near the free end. A comparison of the descriptions of heat propagation in the semi-infinite and infinite Hooke chains is presented. Results of the current paper are expected to provide insight into non-stationary heat transport in the semi-infinite lattices.
Excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran
Creators: name: Gohari, Milad Ahmadi
name: Chegeni, Maryam
name: Haghdoost, Ali Akbar
name: Mirzaee, Firoozeh
name: White, Lisa
name: Kostoulas, Polychronis
name: Mirzazadeh, Ali
name: Karamouzian, Mohammad
name: Jahani, Yunes
name: Sharifi, Hamid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The actual number of deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to be higher than the reported deaths. We aimed to estimate the number of deaths in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic from December 22, 2019 to March 20, 2022. We compared the number of age- and sex-specific deaths reported by Iran’s Bureau of Vital Statistics with the predicted deaths estimated using an improved Lee-Carter model. We estimated the number of all-cause excess deaths in three scenarios, including the baseline scenario (without any undercounting of deaths) and 4% and 8% undercounting of all-cause deaths. We estimated 282,378 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 225,439; 341,951) excess deaths in the baseline model. This number was 303,148 (95% CI: 246,417; 357,823) and 308,486 (95% CI: 250,607; 364,417) in the 4% and 8% scenarios, respectively. During the same period, Iran reported 139,610 deaths as being directly related to COVID-19. The ratio of reported COVID-19 deaths to total excess deaths ranged from 45.2% to 49.4% in the various scenarios. Most excess deaths occurred in the baseline scenario in males (157,552 [95% CI: 125,142; 191,265]) and those aged ≥75 years (102,369 [95% CI: 93,894; 111,188]). The reported number of COVID-19 deaths was less than half of Iran’s estimated number of excess deaths. The results of this study will be helpful for health policymakers’ planning, and call for strengthening the timeliness and accuracy of Iran’s death registration systems, planning for more accurate monitoring of epidemics, and planning to provide support services for survivors’ families.
Trianguline lifts of global mod $p$ Galois representations
Creators: name: Fakhruddin, Najmuddin
name: Khare, Chandrashekhar
name: Patrikis, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that under a suitable oddness condition, irreducible mod $p$ representations of the absolute Galois group of an arbitrary number field have characteristic zero lifts which are unramified outside a finite set of primes and trianguline at all primes of $F$ dividing $p$. We also prove variants of this result for representations valued in connected reductive groups.
description: The main theorem is now phrased in a more natural degree of generality, for any number field. Comments welcome
Current status and new developments in sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor antagonism: fingolimod and more
Creators: name: Constantinescu, Victor
name: Akgün, Katja
name: Ziemssen, Tjalf
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Fingolimod was the first oral disease-modifying treatment approved for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) that serves as a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) agonist. The efficacy is primarily mediated by S1PR subtype 1 activation, leading to agonist-induced down-modulation of receptor expression and further functional antagonism, blocking the egression of auto-aggressive lymphocytes from the lymph nodes in the peripheral compartment. The role of S1P signaling in the regulation of other pathways in human organisms through different S1PR subtypes has received much attention due to its immune-modulatory function and its significance for the regeneration of the central nervous system. The more selective second-generation S1PR modulators have improved safety and tolerability profiles. This review has been carried out based on current data on S1PR modulators, emphasizing the benefits of recent advances in this emergent class of immunomodulatory treatment for MS. Ongoing clinical research suggests that S1PR modulators represent an alternative to first-line therapies in selected cases of MS. A better understanding of the relevance of selective S1PR pathways and the ambition to optimize selective modulation has improved the safety and tolerability of S1PR modulators in MS therapy and opened new perspectives for the treatment of other diseases.
Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction in Weyl semimetals with tilted energy dispersion
Creators: name: Kundu, Anirban
name: Jalil, M. B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) is an essential long range magnetic interaction between magnetic impurities or magnetic layered structures, the magnitude of which oscillates with the distance ($\mathrm{R}$) between them. We have investigated the RKKY interaction between two magnetic impurities in both time-reversal and inversion symmetry broken Weyl semimetals (WSMs) where the energy dispersion is tilted in momentum space and the momentum of the conduction electron is locked with the pseudo-spin. Two important features are revealed, firstly, at the small tilt limit, we show that the RKKY coupling varies quadratically with the tilt parameter and strikingly, at large separation distance $\mathrm{R}$, the coupling decays as $1/\mathrm{R}$ compared to the conventional of $1/\mathrm{R}^{3}$ dependence exhibited by WSMs with non-tilted dispersion. The slower decay by two orders i.e. ($1/\mathrm{R}$ as opposed to $1/\mathrm{R}^{3}$) of the RKKY coupling is significant for maintaining long range RKKY coupling. Secondly, the RKKY coupling exhibits an anisotropy with respect to the angle between the tilt direction ($\mathbf{w}$) and the separation direction $\mathbf{R}$ unlike the case of non-tilted WSMs which exhibit isotropic RKKY coupling. Consequently, the RKKY coupling in tilted WSMs alternately favours ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic orders and vice-versa with the change of the angle. Our results are derived analytically and verified by numerical calculations based on realistic parameter values.
Exploratory applications of the Fröhlich-Morchio-Strocchi mechanism in quantum gravity
Creators: name: Maas, Axel
name: Markl, Markus
name: Müller, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A manifestly diffeomorphism-invariant approach to canonical quantum gravity requires to use composite operators. These can be considered to be bound states of matter and/or gravitons, intrinsically non-perturbative objects. An analytical approach to determine the properties of such bound states could be the Fröhlich-Morchio-Strocchi mechanism. We explore the necessary technology by applying it to various $n$-point functions, including geon propagators and black-hole-particle vertices.
description: 27 pages