cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transcription of a story about the establishment of the Hoopa Valley Reservation
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-051210-04: Transcription of a story about life in the old days and the establishment of the Hoopa Valley Reservation (file VP-110510-13), from the beginning of the story to 1:08.
Supp A: Multi-element geochemical analyses on ultrafine soils in Western Australia – towards establishing abundance ranges in mineral exploration settings
Creators: name: Henne, Anicia
name: Noble, Ryan R. R. P.
name: Williams, Morgan
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Data A
The Rich Structure of Minkowski Space
Creators: name: Giulini, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83A05, 14R10

description: Minkowski Space is the simplest four-dimensional Lorentzian Manifold, being topologically trivial and globally flat, and hence the simplest model of spacetime--from a General-Relativistic point of view. But this does not mean that it is altogether structurally trivial. In fact, it has a very rich structure, parts of which will be spelled out in detail in this contribution. This will contain elementary aspects of affine spaces, various paths to the Poincare group, the lattices of causally and chronologically complete regions, and last but not least, the Noether-Herglotz theorem.
description: 55 pages, 3 figures
Electromagnetic Sensor and Actuator Attacks on Power Converters for Electric Vehicles
Creators: name: Dayanikli, Gokcen Y.
name: Hatch, Rees R.
name: Gerdes, Ryan M.
name: Wang, Hongjie
name: Zane, Regan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Alleviating range anxiety for electric vehicles (i.e., whether such vehicles can be relied upon to travel long distances in a timely manner) is critical for sustainable transportation. Extremely fast charging (XFC), whereby electric vehicles (EV) can be quickly recharged in the time frame it takes to refuel an internal combustion engine, has been proposed to alleviate this concern. A critical component of these chargers is the efficient and proper operation of power converters that convert AC to DC power and otherwise regulate power delivery to vehicles. These converters rely on the integrity of sensor and actuation signals. In this work the operation of state-of-the art XFC converters is assessed in adversarial conditions, specifically against Intentional Electromagnetic Interference Attacks (IEMI). The targeted system is analyzed with the goal of determining possible weak points for IEMI, viz. voltage and current sensor outputs and gate control signals. This work demonstrates that, with relatively low power levels, an adversary is able to manipulate the voltage and current sensor outputs necessary to ensure the proper operation of the converters. Furthermore, in the first attack of its kind, it is shown that the gate signal that controls the converter switches can be manipulated, to catastrophic effect; i.e., it is possible for an attacker to control the switching state of individual transistors to cause irreparable damage to the converter and associated systems. Finally, a discussion of countermeasures for hardware designers to mitigate IEMI-based attacks is provided.
description: Accepted by IEEE S&P Workshop on the Internet of Safe Things 2020
The spin state transition in LaCoO$_{3}$; revising a revision
Creators: name: Haverkort, M. W.
name: Hu, Z.
name: Cezar, J. C.
name: Burnus, T.
name: Hartmann, H.
name: Reuther, M.
name: Zobel, C.
name: Lorenz, T.
name: Tanaka, A.
name: Brookes, N. B.
name: Hsieh, H. H.
name: Lin, H. -J.
name: Chen, C. T.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism at the Co-$L_{2,3}$ edge we reveal that the spin state transition in LaCoO$_{3}$ can be well described by a low-spin ground state and a triply-degenerate high-spin first excited state. From the temperature dependence of the spectral lineshapes we find that LaCoO$_{3}$ at finite temperatures is an inhomogeneous mixed-spin-state system. Crucial is that the magnetic circular dichroism signal in the paramagnetic state carries a large orbital momentum. This directly shows that the currently accepted low-/intermediate-spin picture is at variance. Parameters derived from these spectroscopies fully explain existing magnetic susceptibility, electron spin resonance and inelastic neutron data.
title: Institutionalised Criminalisation: Black and Minority Ethnic Children and Looked After Children in the Youth Justice System in England and Wales
Creators: name: Hunter, KE
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2019

description: This thesis is concerned with the overrepresentation of black and minority ethnic (BME) children and looked after children, in the youth justice system in general and the secure state in particular, in England and Wales. In the period 1993 to 2008, youth justice was characterised by a process of extensive penal expansion. Since 2008, however, the child prison population has fallen dramatically. The decline has been linked to pragmatic cost reduction as well as an increase in diversionary measures which keep children out of the system altogether. However, BME children and looked after children have not benefited from this decline to the same extent as white children and non-looked after children. The contraction in the system has served to intensify existing inequalities. This thesis interrogates the nature and extent of the overrepresentation of these groups. It employs a mixed-methods approach which involves analyses of secondary data and in-depth interviews with 27 national youth justice and children’s services professionals. This thesis builds upon and extends previous research, it determines that BME children are criminalised through ‘institutional racialisation’ which operates on micro, meso and macro levels. The thesis signals policing as having a particularly powerful influence on the levels of BME children in the system. The weight of these findings lie precisely in the fact that they are so longstanding. The thesis highlights that the precise nature and extent of the overrepresentation of looked after children is less clear as a result of insufficient official data. It determines that looked after children are disadvantaged in myriad ways, but that individualised explanations alone cannot account for overrepresentation. Principally, this thesis draws attention to failings in the care system which both increase the risk of youth justice contact and influence trajectories through the youth justice system. The research also considers the intersections between ethnicity, looked after status and youth justice involvement. It establishes that BME looked after children experience compounded disadvantage in the youth justice system. The thesis concludes that the broader landscape of economic austerity and crises within the youth justice system make it even more imperative that such injustices are acknowledged and addressed.
Transcription of a story about gathering huckleberry brush
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-051210-03: Transcription of a story about gathering huckleberry brush (file VP-070309-04), from 2:50 to the end of the story.
Ergodicity and Slowing Down in Glass-Forming Systems with Soft Potentials: No Finite-Temperature Singularities
Creators: name: Eckmann, Jean-Pierre
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to discuss some basic notions regarding generic glass forming systems composed of particles interacting via soft potentials. Excluding explicitly hard-core interaction we discuss the so called `glass transition' in which super-cooled amorphous state is formed, accompanied with a spectacular slowing down of relaxation to equilibrium, when the temperature is changed over a relatively small interval. Using the classical example of a 50-50 binary liquid of N particles with different interaction length-scales we show that (i) the system remains ergodic at all temperatures. (ii) the number of topologically distinct configurations can be computed, is temperature independent, and is exponential in N. (iii) Any two configurations in phase space can be connected using elementary moves whose number is polynomially bounded in N, showing that the graph of configurations has the `small world' property. (iv) The entropy of the system can be estimated at any temperature (or energy), and there is no Kauzmann crisis at any positive temperature. (v) The mechanism for the super-Arrhenius temperature dependence of the relaxation time is explained, connecting it to an entropic squeeze at the glass transition. (vi) There is no Vogel-Fulcher crisis at any finite temperature T>0
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRE
SGR 0755$-$2933: a new High Mass X-ray binary with the wrong name
Creators: name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Santangelo, Andrea
name: Tsygankov, Sergey
name: Ji, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft gamma-ray repeater candidate SGR 0755$-$2933 was discovered in 2016 by Swift/BAT, which detected a short ($\sim$30 ms) powerful burst typical of magnetars. To understand the nature of the source, we present here an analysis of follow-up observations of the tentative soft X-ray counterpart of the source obtained with Swift/XRT, NuSTAR and Chandra. From our analysis we conclude that, based on the observed counterpart position and properties, it is actually not a soft gamma ray repeater but rather a new high mass X-ray binary. We suggest to refer to it as 2SXPS J075542.5$-$293353. We conclude, therefore, that the available data do not allow us to confirm existence and identify the true soft X-ray counterpart to the burst event. Presence of a soft counterpart is, however, essential to unambiguously associate the burst with a magnetar flare, and thus we conclude that magnetar origin of the burst and precise burst location remain uncertain and require further investigation.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted in A&A
Summer forage crops: Options for a drystock farm based on a Waikato case study
Creators: name: Dale, Tracy
name: Weir, Phil
name: Tozer, Katherine
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3002
subject: Agriculture, land and farm management

description: Options are required for drystock farmers to fill the summer feed gap.
As part of the 'Summer-safe multi-species cattle pasture' project funded by the Our Land and Water National Science Challenge, a 0.07 ha plot study and two case study paddocks were established in September 2021 on a drystock finishing property at Te Pahu, Waikato, New Zealand.
We compared a range of simple four-species mixtures and hyper-diverse mixtures containing over ten species, with a brassica monoculture.
Key performance indicators included herbage production, metabolisable energy (ME), weed incursion and production costs.
Key findings:
• Simple mixtures provided a viable alternative to a brassica monoculture based on energy yield and energy costs. The most promising option was a simple rape-dominant mixture which
contained rape, plantain and a cereal. It had a high energy yield, low weed abundance and a low metabolisable energy cost.
• Hyper-diverse mixtures did not provide energy yield or energy cost advantages when compared to a simple mixture.
• Plantain contributed little to total dry matter in mid-summer but provided forage at the end of February for a second grazing.
• The cereal established rapidly and reduced weed ingress in the rape-dominant mixture harvested in mid-summer.
• A diverse mix may have lower weed ingress, but herbicide options are also limited.
• Further research is required to validate these preliminary findings by comparing crop mixture performance at a range of sites over several years. Crop and livestock production data are required.
Large $N$ Weinberg-Tomozawa interaction and spin-flavor symmetry
Creators: name: Garcia-Recio, C.
name: Nieves, J.
name: Salcedo, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of an extended version of the Weinberg-Tomozawa Lagrangian, in which baryons and mesons form spin-flavor multiplets, is reviewed and some of its properties discussed, for an arbitrary number of colors and flavors. The coefficient tables of spin-flavor irreducible representations related by crossing between the $s$-, $t$- and $u$-channels are explicitly constructed.
description: 3 pages, no figures. Presented at the IVth International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics, Madrid, June 5th-10th 2006
Deconfined Quantum Phase Transition of a Higher-Order Symmetry-Protected Topological State
Creators: name: Peng, Chen
name: Zhang, Long
name: Lu, Zhong-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A higher-order (HO) symmetry-protected topological (SPT) state can be realized in a plaquette-modulated square lattice antiferromagnet, which hosts a spin-$1/2$ degenerate mode on each corner of the lattice with open boundaries. In this work, we show with the field-theoretic analysis and quantum Monte Carlo simulations that the plaquette modulation can drive a direct topological quantum phase transition from the HOSPT to a trivial disordered phase across the deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP) between the antiferromagnetic (AF) order and the valence bond solid (VBS) order, thus the DQCP is a multicritical point bridging both the AF-VBS transition and the topological transition of the HOSPT phase. Our work thus reveals the ubiquitous duality between topological transitions of SPT phases and DQCPs.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Study of air-core vortical flow structure induced by a plughole vortex
Creators: name: Ahmed, Rayhan
name: Lim, Heechang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a study of the generation of a plughole vortex and its consequences in a drainpipe during drainage of water from a stationary rectangular tank. The critical and minimum depths of water above the inlet of the drainpipe, where a surface dip starts to develop for drainpipes of various diameters, were examined parametrically. This study explored the following naturally occurring phenomena arising from a plughole vortex. (i) A plughole vortex initially causes a surface dip to develop towards the inlet of the drainpipe and as the surface dip approaches the inlet of the drainpipe it creates a droplet-shaped air bubble. (ii) A unique bubble transformation, i.e., from a droplet-shaped to a donut-shaped bubble ring, occurs just after the separation of the droplet-shaped air bubble from the surface dip. (iii) The donut-shaped bubble ring flows with the drain water and initially causes bubbly flow in the drainpipe. (iv) As the water head above the inlet of the drainpipe decreases, the droplet-shaped bubble size increases, and consequently, the bubble ring size increases and causes slug flow in the drainpipe. (v) As the slugs combine, the flow of the draining water eventually becomes annular flow in the drainpipe. Sounds, such as that of instantaneous fizz and bubble sink draining, were observed to be produced as a result of the bubble formation process. Temporal changes in the shape and size of the air bubbles were studied. Within the range of 0.45 to 0.6, the ratio of the bubble diameter to the bubble length was found to be linearly proportional to the ratio of the water depth to the diameter of the drainpipe. Several drainage cases were simulated numerically to observe the physics of these naturally occurring phenomena. The shapes and sizes of the vortices induced by plugholes have been visualised and analysed using the vortex core method.
description: Accepted in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics
The soft X-ray properties of AGN from the CJF sample; A correlation analysis between soft X-ray and VLBI properties
Creators: name: Britzen, S.
name: Brinkmann, W.
name: Campbell, R. M.
name: Gliozzi, M.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Browne, I. W. A.
name: Wilkinson, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: We present the soft X-ray properties obtained in the ROSAT All-Sky survey and from pointed PSPC observations for the AGN in the complete flux-density limited Caltech-Jodrell Bank flat spectrum sample (hereafter CJF). CJF is a VLBI survey (VLBA observations at 5 GHz) of 293 AGN with detailed information on jet component motion. Aims: We investigate and discuss the soft X-ray properties of this AGN sample and examine the correlations between X-ray and VLBI properties, test beaming scenarios, and search for the discriminating properties between the sub-samples detected and not detected by ROSAT. Methods: Comparing the observed and the predicted X-ray fluxes by assuming an Inverse Compton (IC) origin for the observed X-rays, we compute the beaming or Doppler factor and contrast the Doppler factors with other beaming indicators derived from the VLBI observations, such as the value of the expansion velocity, and the observed and intrinsic brightness temperature. In addition, we investigate the large-scale radio structure of the AGN and the difference between the pc- and kpc-scale structure (misalignment) with regard to the X-ray observations.Results: We find a nearly linear relation between X-ray and radio luminosities, and a similar but less stringent behaviour for the relation between optical and X-ray luminosities. The quasars detected by ROSAT have a different $β_{\rm app}$-redshift relationship compared to the non-detected ones. ROSAT-detected sources tend to reveal extended large-scale radio structures more often. Conclusions: We conclude that beaming alone cannot explain the observed dichotomy of ROSAT detection or non-detection and assume that the large-scale jet structure plays a decisive role.
title: FRAMING SURVIVOR SPEECH: LOCATING THE VICTIM/SURVIVOR IN MEDIA ACCOUNTS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE
Creators: name: De Sacco, EM
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: This thesis evaluates the role of survivor speech in discussions of sexual violence taking place in the media. By undertaking a case study analysis of the media coverage of three cases of ‘stranger rape’, child sexual exploitation and historic child sexual abuse respectively, the discursive contexts within which victim/survivors are giving their account of the experience are examined. The study focused on a selected set of discursive parameters which establish the specific contexts in which the voices of victims/survivors are presented to media audiences. These parameters are collated as discursive frames, within which each victim’s/survivor’s experience is formulated by the voices partaking in the conversation on sexual violence in the media. The identification of the frames of sexual violence was preceded by an analysis of the naming processes employed by these voices. Analysis of the case studies was focused on multimodal texts from print and broadcast media which offered input in the form of the voices of victims/survivors. Texts were sampled mostly from genres of current affairs and news features. This thesis also reviews the suitability of existing epistemologies and research methodologies for the examination of media-based conversations of sexual violence, focusing on distinctly feminist approaches of discourse analysis. By uncovering the discursive contexts which victims/survivors have to negotiate each time they speak out about their experience in the media, the analysis in this thesis is able to contribute a media studies-based perspective to debates about the process of surviving sexual violence and the corresponding positionality of the terms ‘victim’ and ‘survivor’.
Orientation and Alignment Dynamics of Polar Molecule Driven by Shaped Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Nautiyal, Vijit V.
name: Devi, Sumana
name: Tyagi, Ashish
name: Vidhani, Bhawna
name: Maan, Anjali
name: Prasad, Vinod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review on the theoretical status of intense laser orientation and alignment. The evolution of the rotational wave packet and its dynamics leading to orientation and alignment is the topic of the present discussion. The major part of the article basically presents an overview on recent theoretical progress in controlling the orientation and alignment dynamics of a molecule by means of shaped laser pulses. The various theoretical approaches that lead to orientation and alignment ranging from static electrostatic field in combination with laser field(s), combination of orienting and aligning field, combination of aligning fields, combination of orienting fields, application of train of pulses etc. are discussed. The orientation and alignment both can occur in adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions with the rotational period of the molecule into consideration. The discussion is mostly limited to non-adiabatic rotational excitation (NAREX). A particular focus is put on the so called half-cycle pulse (HCP) and square pulse (SQP). The effect of ramped pulses is also under focus. The effect of collision on the various laser parameters is also given concern. We summarize the current discussion by presenting a consistent theoretical approach for describing the action of such pulses on movement of molecules. The impact of a particular pulse shapes on the post-pulse dynamics is calculated and analysed. The concept of alignment is extended from one-dimensional alignment to three-dimensional alignment with the proper choice of molecule and the polarised light. We conclude the article by discussing the potential applications of intense laser orientation and alignment.
description: Total number of Pages: 81, Figures :2
The impact of Coulomb diffusion of ions on the pulsational properties of DA white dwarfs
Creators: name: Althaus, Leandro G.
name: Córsico, Alejandro H.
name: De Gerónimo, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Element diffusion is a key physical process that substantially impacts the superficial abundances, internal structure, pulsation properties, and evolution of white dwarfs. We study the effect of Coulomb separation of ions in the cooling times of evolving white dwarfs, their chemical profiles, the Brunt-Väisälä (buoyancy) frequency, and the pulsational periods at the ZZ Ceti instability strip. We follow the full evolution of white-dwarf models derived from their progenitor history on the basis of a time-dependent element diffusion scheme that incorporates the effect of gravitational settling of ions due to Coulomb interactions at high densities. We find that Coulomb sedimentation profoundly alters the chemical profiles of ultra-massive ($M_*> 1 M_{sun}$) white dwarfs along their evolution, preventing helium from diffusing inward toward the core, and thus leading to much narrower chemical transition zones. As a result, significant changes in the $g$-mode pulsation periods as high as $15 \%$ are expected for ultra-massive ZZ Ceti stars. This should be taken into account in detailed asteroseismological analyses of such stars. For less-massive white dwarfs, the impact of Coulomb separation is much less noticeable, inflicting period changes in ZZ Ceti stars that are below the period changes that result from uncertainties in progenitor evolution, albeit larger than typical uncertainties of observed periods.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
QPOs in microquasars: the spin problem
Creators: name: Torok, Gabriel
name: Abramowicz, Marek A.
name: Stuchlik, Zdenek
name: Sramkova, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Galactic microquasars with double peak kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), the ratio of the two frequencies is 3:2. This supports the suggestion that double peak kHz QPOs are due to a non-linear resonance between two modes of accretion disk oscillations. For the microquasars with known mass, we briefly compare the black hole spin estimates based on the orbital resonance model with the recently reported spin predictions obtained by fitting the spectral continua. Results of these two approaches are not in good agreement. We stress that if the spectral fit estimates are accurate and can be taken as referential (which is still questionable), the disagreement between the predicted and referential values would represent a rather generic problem for any relativistic QPO model, as no spin influence would appear in the observed 1/M scaling of the QPO frequencies. The epicyclic frequencies relevant in these models are often considered to be equal to those of a test particle motion. However modifications of the frequencies due to the disc pressure or other non-geodesic effects may play an important role, and the inaccuracy introduced in the spin estimates by the test particle approximation could be crucial.
description: 3 pages, proceedings of the IAU XXVIth General Assembly
Preferential imbibition in a dual-permeability pore network
Creators: name: Gu, Qingqing
name: Liu, Haihu
name: Wu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deep understanding of two-phase displacement in porous media with permeability contrast is essential for the design and optimisation of enhanced oil recovery processes. In this paper, we investigate the forced imbibition behaviour in two dual-permeability geometries that are of equal permeability contrast. First, a mathematical model is developed for the imbibition in a pore doublet, which shows that the imbibition dynamics can be fully described by the viscosity ratio $λ$ and capillary number $Ca_m$ which creatively incorporates the influence of channel width and length. Through the finite difference solution of the mathematical model, a $λ-Ca_m$ phase diagram is established to characterise the imbibition preference in the pore doublet. We then investigate the imbibition process in a dual-permeability pore network using a well-established lattice Boltzmann method, focusing on the competition between the viscous and capillary forces. Like in the pore doublet, the preferential imbibition occurs in high permeability zone at high $Ca_{m}$ but in low permeability zone at low $Ca_{m}$. When $Ca_m$ is not sufficiently high, an oblique advancing pattern is observed which is attributed to non-trivial interfacial tension. Thanks to the newly defined capillary number, the critical $Ca_{m}$ curve on which the breakthrough simultaneously occurs in both permeability zones, is found to match perfectly with that from the pore doublet and it is the optimal condition for maximising the imbibition efficiency in the entire pore network.
description: 11 figures, 21 pages
Non-trivial retardation effects in dispersion forces: From anomalous distance dependence to novel traps
Creators: name: Fiedler, Johannes
name: Berland, Kristian
name: Spallek, Fabian
name: Brevik, Iver
name: Persson, Clas
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
name: Boström, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of dispersion forces, nonretarded, retarded and thermal asymptotes with their distinct scaling laws are regarded as cornerstone results governing interactions at different separations. Here, we show that when particles interact in a medium, the influence of retardation is qualitatively different, making it necessary to consider the non-monotonous potential in full. We discuss different regimes for several cases and find an anomalous behaviour of the retarded asymptote. It can change sign, and lead to a trapping potential.
An examination on alternative methods of community development/design
Creators: name: Laurien, Jeff
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The prevailing development pattern of sprawling suburbs prevents sustainability and can no longer be tolerated . Since the end of WWII the "American Dream" to own a single - family home on a large lot away from the blight of downtowns has greatly reduced the quality of life of North Americans. To reverse this trend sustainable development/ sustainability must be society’s goal. This means that the actions of society - particularly where community development/design is concerned - must promote environmental integrity, economic vitality , and social well - being . The recent New Urbanism Movement which focuses on community development/design makes this important realization . In doing so, it has fostered a series of alternative methods of community development/design which promote environmental integrity , economic vitality , and social well-being. The most prominent examples are Traditional Neighbourhood Development, Transit Oriented Development, and, more recently in Canada, the Metropolitain Purlieu . However, these concepts are not panaceas to sustainability and can gain further insight from earlier development/design projects such as Village Homes in California . By combining the best of the ideas from these concepts and supplementing them with further ideas a concept which further enhances environmental integrity , economic vitality , and social well - being is developed. However, such a concept is only useful if it can be successfully implemented. Thus, prominent barriers to sustainable community development/design such as uncertainty over cost and marketability , and inadequate regulations / guidelines to allow for or promote alternative methods of development/design must be overcome. One method of achieving this is through the use of the performance point system which is devised here. Regardless of the method of implementation used to enhance the environmental integrity , economic vitality , and social well-being of a community, it is clear that immediate action is required . Without it, the quality of life of North Americans will continue to deteriorate and sustainability will not be realized .
Z2-Symmetric Thick Brane with Specific Warp Function
Creators: name: Hendi, S. H.
name: Riazi, N.
name: Sajadi, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate a new warped five-dimensional, Z2-symmetric thick brane solution in the presence of a real scalar field. We examine the different geometric aspects of the model. We discuss the stability of the solution under gravitational fluctuations and study both the graviton ground state and the continuum of Kaluza-Klein modes to find a correction to Newtons law. Then, we study the quantum version of the model by deriving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and looking for the corresponding solution. Finally, the cosmology of the brane is studied.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in PRD
The dynamical structure of dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Ascasibar, Yago
name: Gottloeber, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to the ever increasing computational power and the development of more sophisticated algorithms, numerical N-body simulations are now uncovering several phenomenological relations between the physical properties of dark matter haloes in position and velocity space. It is the aim of the present work to investigate in detail the dynamical structure of dark matter haloes, as well as its possible dependence on mass and its evolution with redshift up to z=5. We use high-resolution cosmological simulations of individual objects to compute the radially-averaged profiles of several quantities, scaled by the radius Rmax at which the circular velocity attains its maximum value, Vmax. No systematic dependence on mass or cosmic epoch are found within Rmax, and all the different radial profiles are well fit by simple analytical models. However, our results suggest that several properties are not `universal' outside this radius. [Abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (10 pages, 8 figures)
Enhancement of anomalous Nernst effect in Ni/Pt superlattice
Creators: name: Seki, T.
name: Sakuraba, Y.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Miura, A.
name: Tsujikawa, M.
name: Uchida, K.
name: Kubota, T.
name: Miura, Y.
name: Shirai, M.
name: Takanashi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an enhancement of the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in Ni/Pt (001) epitaxial superlattices. The transport and magneto-thermoelectric properties were investigated for the Ni/Pt superlattices with various Ni layer thicknesses (${\it t}$). The anomalous Nernst coefficient was increased up to more than 1 $μ$V K$^{-1}$ for 2.0 nm ${\leq}$ ${\it t}$ ${\leq}$ 4.0 nm, which was the remarkable enhancement compared to the bulk Ni. It has been found that the large transverse Peltier coefficient ($α$$_{xy}$), reaching $α$$_{xy}$ = 4.8 A K$^{-1}$ m$^{-1}$ for ${\it t}$ = 4.0 nm, plays a prime role for the enhanced ANE of the Ni/Pt (001) superlattices.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Viscoelasticity and Lévy processes
Creators: name: Bouleau, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 73Fxx, 60J30, 47D07

description: We show that the linear viscoelastic materials, and more generally the physical phenomena to which Biot's relaxation theory is relevant, can be put in correspondance with the laws of processes with independent increments. In the one dimensional case this correspondence is one to one with subordinators and gives rise naturally to a conjugation relation on subordinators.
Transcription of a description of material culture items
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-051210-02: Transcription of Verdena's description of material culture items in her home (file VP-101010-02), from 3:45 to 5:00.
Hardware supported Software and Control Flow Integrity
Creators: name: de Clercq, Ruan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Bugs are prevalent in a large amount of deployed software. These bugs often introduce vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers to make programs misbehave. Many devices rely on software that needs security, such as medical implants, sensor networks, RFID tags, automotive controllers. Softwareshould do what it is asked to do, and should not misbehave by delivering the wrong drug dosages, by stealing information, by spying on the user, by disabling the brakes on a car, or by attacking other computers. The central topic of this thesis is the development of hardware-based mechanisms to prevent software from misbehaving. We focus on enhancing the security of microprocessors to detect runtime attacks, prevent malicious modification of software, and develop support for isolating software from malware. The main contributions of this thesis are two-fold. First, we analyse existing hardware-based Control Flow Integrity (CFI) architectures. This includes a detailed description and comparison of each architecture's policies, security, hardware cost, performance, and suitability for widespread deployment. Second, we design several new hardware-based security architectures. This includes developing the first known Control Flow Integrity architecture based on instruction-set randomisation, that also enforces software integrity through modifications to a processor. We further design the first known hardware-based software integrity architecture that is realised as a standalone IP core that connects to the bus via standard interfaces. Finally, we develop an architectural feature which provides interrupt support for a program counter-based Protected Module Architectures (PMAs) by means of processor modifications. All the architectures developed in this thesis are evaluated on FPGA, which allows us to accurately determine the hardware cost and the performance overhead of running the software on the architecture.
Validity of Winkler's mattress model for thin elastomeric layers: Beyond Poisson's ratio
Creators: name: Chandler, Thomas G. J.
name: Vella, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Winkler's mattress model is often used as a simplified model to understand how a thin elastic layer, such as a coating, deforms when subject to a distributed normal load: the deformation of the layer is assumed proportional to the applied normal load. This simplicity means that the Winkler model has found a wide range of applications from soft matter to geophysics. However, in the limit of an incompressible elastic layer the model predicts infinite resistance to deformation, and hence breaks down. Since many of the thin layers used in applications are elastomeric, and hence close to incompressible, we consider the question of when the Winkler model is appropriate for such layers. We formally derive a model that interpolates between the Winkler and incompressible limits for thin elastic layers, and illustrate this model by detailed consideration of two example problems: the point indentation of a coated elastomeric layer and self-sustained lift in soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication. We find that the applicability (or otherwise) of the Winkler model is not determined by the value of the Poisson ratio alone, but by a compressibility parameter that combines the Poisson ratio with a measure of the layer's slenderness that depends on the problem under consideration.
Particle Motion and Electromagnetic Fields of Rotating Compact Gravitating Objects with Gravitomagnetic Charge
Creators: name: Abdujabbarov, A. A.
name: Ahmedov, B. J.
name: Kagramanova, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact solution for the electromagnetic field occuring when the Kerr-Taub-NUT compact object is immersed (i) in an originally uniform magnetic field aligned along the axis of axial symmetry (ii) in dipolar magnetic field generated by current loop has been investigated. Effective potential of motion of charged test particle around Kerr-Taub-NUT gravitational source immersed in magnetic field with different values of external magnetic field and NUT parameter has been also investigated. In both cases presence of NUT parameter and magnetic field shifts stable circular orbits in the direction of the central gravitating object. Finally we find analytical solutions of Maxwell equations in the external background spacetime of a slowly rotating magnetized NUT star. The star is considered isolated and in vacuum, with monopolar configuration model for the stellar magnetic field.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, new results in section 2 added, section 3 is revised, 3 references are added
D1.2: Stakeholders and user group needs
Creators: name: Coger, Jean-Baptiste
name: Bonic, Laurent
name: Bracquemond, Annie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This deliverable “Stakeholders and user group needs” is presenting the results of the work carried out during the task 1.2. In order to identify and collect the needs of stakeholders and user groups, a series of interviews and surveys carried out on the following topics: Use cases and Scenarios, Safety Assessment, Testing, Certification/ Type approval (tools, procedures), Consumer testing and Testing goal for KETs.
Hadronic Production of the Doubly Charmed Baryon $Ξ_{cc}$ with Intrinsic Charm
Creators: name: Chang, Chao-Hsi
name: Ma, Jian-Ping
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of the intrinsic charm on the hadronic production of $Ξ_{cc}$ are studied. By taking reasonable intrinsic charm component into account, the change of the theoretical prediction on the production of $Ξ_{cc}$ for LHC and Tevatron is small, but in contrast it may enhance significantly for SELEX. The reason is that the collision energy at LHC and Tevatron is so large that the gluon-gluon fusion sub-process, which is irrelevant to intrinsic charm, becomes dominant. But the situation for SELEX is quite different. Our numerical results for SELEX show that by considering all the contributions from various sub-processes, the predicted cross-section may be enhanced by a factor so big as $10^2$ due to a modulating intrinsic charm being taken into account. Therefore, the hadronic production of $Ξ_{cc}$ at SELEX may be sensitive enough in observing the intrinsic charm inside the incident hadrons.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. More discussions are added
Pricing Cryptocurrency Options
Creators: name: Hou, Ai Jun
name: Wang, Weining
name: Chen, Cathy Y. H.
name: Härdle, Wolfgang Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin (BTC), which comprise a new digital asset class, have drawn extraordinary worldwide attention. The characteristics of the cryptocurrency/BTC include a high level of speculation, extreme volatility and price discontinuity. We propose a pricing mechanism based on a stochastic volatility with a correlated jump (SVCJ) model and compare it to a flexible co-jump model by Bandi and Renò (2016). The estimation results of both models confirm the impact of jumps and co-jumps on options obtained via simulation and an analysis of the implied volatility curve. We show that a sizeable proportion of price jumps are significantly and contemporaneously anti-correlated with jumps in volatility. Our study comprises pioneering research on pricing BTC options. We show how the proposed pricing mechanism underlines the importance of jumps in cryptocurrency markets.
Structural and magnetic dimers in the spin-gapped system CuTe2O5
Creators: name: Deisenhofer, J.
name: Eremina, R. M.
name: Pimenov, A.
name: Gavrilova, T.
name: Berger, H.
name: Johnsson, M.
name: Lemmens, P.
name: von Nidda, H. -A. Krug
name: Loidl, A.
name: Lee, K. -S.
name: Whangbo, M. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the magnetic properties of the system CuTe2O5 by susceptibility and electron spin resonance measurements. The anisotropy of the effective g-factors and the ESR linewidth indicates that the anticipated structural dimer does not correspond to the singlet-forming magnetic dimer. Moreover, the spin susceptibility of CuTe2O5 can only be described by taking into account interdimer interactions of the same order of magnitude than the intradimer coupling. Analyzing the exchange couplings in the system we identify the strongest magnetic coupling between two Cu ions to be mediated by super-super exchange interaction via a bridging Te ligand, while the superexchange coupling between the Cu ions of the structural dimer only results in the second strongest coupling.
The young population of the Chamaeleon II dark cloud
Creators: name: Spezzi, Loredana
name: Alcala', Juan M.
name: Covino, Elvira
name: Frasca, Antonio
name: Gandolfi, Davide
name: Oliveira, Isa
name: Chapman, Nicholas
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Huard, Tracy L.
name: Jørgensen, Jes K.
name: Merín, Bruno
name: Stapelfeldt, Karl R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the results of the optical spectroscopic follow-up of pre-main sequence (PMS) objects and candidates selected in the Chamaeleon II dark cloud based on data from the Spitzer Legacy survey "From Molecular Cores to Planet Forming Disks" (c2d) and from previous surveys. Our sample includes both objects with infrared excess selected according to c2d criteria and referred to as Young Stellar Objects and other cloud members and candidates selected from complementary optical and near-infrared data. We characterize the sample of objects by deriving their physical parameters. The vast majority of objects have masses < 1 solar mass and ages < 6 Myr. Several of the PMS objects and candidates lie very close to or below the Hydrogen-burning limit. A first estimate of the slope of the Initial Mass Function in Cha II is consistent with that of other T associations. The star formation efficiency in the cloud (1-4%) is consistent with our own estimates for Taurus and Lupus, but significantly lower than for Cha I. This might mean that different star-formation activities in the Chamaeleon clouds may reflect a different history of star formation. We also find that the Cha II cloud is turning some 8 solar masses into stars every Myr, which is less than the star formation rate in the other c2d clouds. However, the star formation rate is not steady and evidence is found that the star formation in Cha II might have occurred very rapidly. The H_alpha emission of the Cha II PMS objects, as well as possible correlations between their stellar and disk properties, are also investigated.
description: 51 pages, 14 figures
Letter from J.E. [John Edgar] McAllister to James Goldie, September 9, 1931
Creators: name: McAllister, John Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from J.E. [John Edgar] McAllister, dated September 9, 1931, regarding the water shortage, irrigation, and the 1930 crop returns.
Reproduction of Subdivision Map of Cape Gardiner, East Hampton, Suffolk County, N. Y., Thomas A. Clark Estate Sale, July 31,1935
Creators: name: Halsey, Wallace H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1935
Subjects: Springs
East Hampton
Maps
Gardiner's Bay
Harbors
Estates
Real estate development

description: This Reproduction copy of map shows the subdivision of Cape Gardiner during the Estate sale of Thomas A. Clarke by the Bank of Manhattan Company and Edward S. Kehoe, Executors. The auction was done by J. Edward Breuer, Auctioneer. This map was created on July 31, 1935 by Wallace H. Halsey.
description: This material was lent to the Long Island Collection by the Springs Historical Society Library for digitization purposes.