cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structure preserving integration and model order reduction of skew-gradient reaction-diffusion systems
Creators: name: Karasözen, Bülent
name: Küçükseyhan, Tuğba
name: Uzunca, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K57, 65M60, 35B36

description: Activator-inhibitor FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) equation is an example for reaction-diffusion equations with skew-gradient structure. We discretize the FHN equation using symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (SIPG) method in space and average vector field (AVF) method in time. The AVF method is a geometric integrator, i.e. it preserves the energy of the Hamiltonian systems and energy dissipation of the gradient systems. In this work, we show that the fully discrete energy of the FHN equation satisfies the mini-maximizer property of the continuous energy for the skew-gradient systems. We present numerical results with traveling fronts and pulses for one dimensional, two coupled FHN equations and three coupled FHN equations with one activator and two inhibitors in skew-gradient form. Turing patterns are computed for fully discretized two dimensional FHN equation in the form of spots and labyrinths. Because the computation of the Turing patterns is time consuming for different parameters, we applied model order reduction with the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The nonlinear term in the reduced equations is computed using the discrete empirical interpolation (DEIM) with SIPG discretization. Due to the local nature of the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method, the nonlinear terms can be computed more efficiently than for the continuous finite elements. The reduced solutions are very close to the fully discretized ones. The efficiency and accuracy of the POD and POD-DEIM reduced solutions are shown for the labyrinth-like patterns.
Axonal Fiber Terminations Concentrate on Gyri
Creators: name: Yap, Pew Thian
name: Jiang, Xi
name: Hu, Xintao
name: Guo, Cong
name: Li, Kaiming
name: Li, Longchuan
name: Liu, Tianming
name: Sabatinelli, Dean
name: Platt, Simon
name: Chen, Guojun
name: Zhang, Tuo
name: Wang, Yonghua
name: Hu, Xiaoping
name: Shen, Ping
name: Nie, Jingxin
name: Miller, L. Stephen
name: Yuan, Yixuan
name: Faraco, Carlos
name: Han, Junwei
name: Deng, Fan
name: Zhang, Degang
name: Huang, Ling
name: Chen, Hanbo
name: Xu, Bingqian
name: Zhu, Dajiang
name: Lv, Jinglei
name: Li, Gang
name: Zhao, Qun
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Guo, Lei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Convoluted cortical folding and neuronal wiring are 2 prominent attributes of the mammalian brain. However, the macroscale intrinsic relationship between these 2 general cross-species attributes, as well as the underlying principles that sculpt the architecture of the cerebral cortex, remains unclear. Here, we show that the axonal fibers connected to gyri are significantly denser than those connected to sulci. In human, chimpanzee, and macaque brains, a dominant fraction of axonal fibers were found to be connected to the gyri. This finding has been replicated in a range of mammalian brains via diffusion tensor imaging and high–angular resolution diffusion imaging. These results may have shed some lights on fundamental mechanisms for development and organization of the cerebral cortex, suggesting that axonal pushing is a mechanism of cortical folding.
title: Suspected intracranial venous sinus thrombosis post Astra-Zeneca vaccine – the paradox of radiological investigation
Creators: name: Shin, Seong Hwan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Haematologic
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Complications
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The emergence of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic progressed to a highly efficient worldwide development of vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, European Medicines Agency (EMA)...
Longitudinal Development of Cortical and Subcortical Gray Matter from Birth to 2 Years
Creators: name: Knickmeyer, Rebecca C.
name: Hamer, Robert M.
name: Lin, Weili
name: Woolson, Sandra L.
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Short, Sarah J.
name: Styner, Martin
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Shi, Feng
name: Shen, Dinggang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Very little is known about cortical development in the first years of life, a time of rapid cognitive development and risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. We studied regional cortical and subcortical gray matter volume growth in a group of 72 children who underwent magnetic resonance scanning after birth and at ages 1 and 2 years using a novel longitudinal registration/parcellation approach. Overall, cortical gray matter volumes increased substantially (106%) in the first year of life and less so in the second year (18%). We found marked regional differences in developmental rates, with primary motor and sensory cortices growing slower in the first year of life with association cortices growing more rapidly. In the second year of life, primary sensory regions continued to grow more slowly, while frontal and parietal regions developed relatively more quickly. The hippocampus grew less than other subcortical structures such as the amygdala and thalamus in the first year of life. It is likely that these patterns of regional gray matter growth reflect maturation and development of underlying function, as they are consistent with cognitive and functional development in the first years of life.
Contextual challenges for implementing strategic environmental assessment in the Global South: insights from a case study in Mexico
Creators: name: Gutierrez, Marco
name: Hernandez-Santin, Cristina
name: Bekessy, Sarah A.
name: Gordon, Ascelin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: An increasing number of countries are implementing strategic environmental assessment (SEA) to support the development of environmentally sustainable policies, plans and programs. However, some Global South countries are yet to legislate for SEA and research is needed to understand the contextual challenges to implementing SEA effectively in these jurisdictions. Here, we examine Mexico’s first attempt at applying SEA to assess the potential impacts of urban development plans on a city-wide scale, including those on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Using stakeholder interviews and reflexive thematic analysis, we identify and discuss key factors to consider when formally implementing SEA in Mexico for it to achieve its intended objectives. We relate our findings to existing studies on SEA in Global South countries and discuss contextual challenges that may be shared by these jurisdictions, namely: limited knowledge and experience with SEA, low trust in public institutions, and limited institutional capacity of environmental agencies. We then provide recommendations for addressing these shared challenges, which may also prove useful for countries experiencing difficulties with the application of SEA.
(401487) Clara Alice Halstead
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
2020 KIT ALVO SOJA International Journal of Pest Management.docx
Creators: name: Luiz Garcia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70302 Agronomy
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se as barras aerodinâmicas e de arrasto diferem do pulverizador convencional de barra terrestre no controle de doenças e na promoção da produtividade da cultura da soja. O experimento foi instalado no Paraná (Brasil) em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições. Os tratamentos foram os seguintes: 1) controle, aplicação de fungicida em plantas de soja com 2) pulverizadores convencionais de barra terrestre, 3) barras assistidas por ar e 4) pulverizadores de barras de arrasto. As seguintes variáveis ​​foram analisadas nos anos-safra de 2013-2014: deposição de calda, incidência e severidade de doenças, características fisiológicas da planta e componentes do rendimento. A tecnologia de aplicação com lança móvel deslocou os cartões hidrossensíveis das plantas em que estavam fixados, impossibilitando a avaliação desta variável. As doenças não afetaram significativamente as características fisiológicas. Plantas que não receberam tratamento químico apresentaram maior ocorrência de doenças, o que reduziu o potencial produtivo. O uso das tecnologias de aplicação de pesticidas avaliadas (barra de arrasto e barra assistida por ar) não aumentou significativamente os parâmetros de rendimento da cultura em comparação com o pulverizador de barra terrestre convencional.
title: Complications of CT-Guided percutaneous transthoracic procedures: could we do better?
Creators: name: Pérez Torán, Manuel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: Management
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Biopsy
subject: Complications
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To point out and briefly explain the principal procedures radiologists perform on the chest region. To describe the different radiological findings that can be observed in patients with complications of such interventional procedures. To compare the...
(401489) Hamilton Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Thickness-shear Vibration Frequencies of an Infinite Plate with a Generalized Material Property Grading along the Thickness
Creators: name: Wang, Ji
name: Zhang, Wenliang
name: Huang, Dejin
name: Ma, Tingfeng
name: Du, Jianke
name: Yi, Lijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For quartz crystal resonators of thickness-shear type, the vibration frequency and mode shapes, which are key features of resonators in circuit applications, reflect the basic material and structural properties of the quartz plate and its variation with time under various factors such as erosive gases and liquids that can cause surface and internal damages and degradation of crystal blanks. The accumulated effects eventually will change the surface conditions in terms of elastic constants and stiffness and more importantly, the gradient of such properties along the thickness. This is a typical functionally graded materials (FGM) structure and has been studied extensively for structural applications under multiple loadings such as thermal and electromagnetic fields in recent years. For acoustic wave resonators, such studies are equally important and the wave propagation in FGM structures can be used in the evaluation and assessment of performance, reliability, and life of sensors based on acoustic waves such as the quartz crystal microbalances (QCM). Now we studied the thickness-shear vibrations of FGM plates with properties of AT-cut quartz crystal varying along the thickness in a general pattern represented by a trigonometric function with both sine and cosine functions of the thickness coordinate. The solutions are obtained by using Fourier expansion of the plate deformation. We also obtained the frequency changes of the fundamental and overtone modes which are strongly coupled for the evaluation of resonator structures with property variation or design to take advantages of FGM in novel applications.
description: Paper for the proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and the European Frequency and Time Forum, Denver, CO, USA. April 12-16, 2015
Brexit, COVID-19 and climate change: mapping the impact of the ‘triple challenge’ on health and well-being in wales
Creators: name: Green, Liz
name: Ashton, Kathryn
name: Azam, Sumina
name: Clemens, Timo
name: Bellis, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Brexit, COVID-19 and climate change pose challenges of national and global importance. They continue to have impacts across the economy, society, health, and the environment, all of which are determinants of health and well-being. Between 2018 and 2021, Public Health Wales undertook three Health Impact Assessments (HIA) in relation to the impact of the challenges in Wales. Based on these, work has been carried out to map the synergies across the ‘Triple Challenge’. This paper highlights the commonalities in the impact of the three challenges for Wales, discusses the process carried out, learns from it and proposes actions that can be taken to mitigate harm. Results indicate the three components of the Triple Challenge must not be viewed as separate silos as they have cumulative multi-faceted impacts. This affects some population groups more negatively than others and present a ‘Triple Challenge’ to nation states in the UK and Europe. A HIA approach can enable a range of stakeholders to critically view similar challenges not just as single issues but as a holistic whole to mobilise action.
title: Essential Pharmacology for Radiologist: Spinal Blockages (facet joints, epidural, foraminal)
Creators: name: Barrera, Adriana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Education
subject: Puncture
subject: Drugs / Reactions

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review The Pharmacology Bases Of Agents Used In Spinal Blockages (Facet Joint, Epidural, Foraminal) Guided By CT Or Fluoroscopy Expose Intraprocedural Images Of Spinal Blockages by...
The Eighth Wonder of the World in New Zealand- the Black Terrace Discovery
Creators: name: Bunn, A Rex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This research to locate the lost Black Terrace was motivated by scientific, lay, and indigenous tourism interest in the Taupō
Volcanic Zone in New Zealand, wherein lies buried a lost Eighth Wonder of the World, the Pink, Black and White Terraces. The Black
Terrace was undocumented until 2017 and its location was unknown. This paper compiles evidence to relocate the Black Terrace
site, so that site investigation may be undertaken, to recover siliceous sinter terrace material for chemical and textural analysis. This
research triangulates the location, relative to the companion Pink and White Terraces; via spatial, georeferencing, survey resection,
Mātauranga Māori, photogrammetric-optical, trigonometric, cartographic, and topographic evidence; over Google Earth™. The
evidence triangulates with the Black Terrace lying beneath a forestry road, providing sub-surface imaging, drilling, and excavation
access. Given the 2021 ownership change of the site and the nearby tourism projects; this research has considerable significance
for the new indigenous owners of the Black Terrace. It has broader implications for investigating and potentially recovering the
Pink and White Terrace sites.
title: Idiopathic Calcinosis Cutis Universalis
Creators: name: Campos, Nuno
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: An elderly male patient referred for a body computed tomography (CT) after incidental findings in the chest radiography that revealed unusual cutaneous calcifications. He had no specific complaints prior or at the moment of the CT. The laboratory data showed normal serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and muscle enzyme levels.

description: 77 years, male
title: The Role of Dual-Energy CT in Gangrenous Cholecystitis.
Creators: name: Rodríguez Castro, José
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Observer performance
subject: Inflammation
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Kv imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the main findings of gangrenous cholecystitis on ultrasound and CT . Assess the role of dual-energy CT in the diagnosis of gangrenous cholecystitis...
title: Inflammation or tumor? A case report of primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma
Creators: name: Yu, Mengru
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Cancer
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 27-year-old woman with two children presented to the hospital with a cough, blood-stained sputum and a fever for one month. The patient reported that she had regular menstruation, and there were no hereditary diseases in her family.

description: 27 years, female
Bounds on genus and configurations of embedded surfaces in 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Konno, Hokuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For several embedded surfaces with zero self-intersection number in 4-manifolds, we show that an adjunction-type genus bound holds for at least one of the surfaces under certain conditions. For example, we derive certain adjunction inequalities for surfaces embedded in $m\mathbb{CP}^2\# n(-\mathbb{CP}^2)$ ($m, n \geq 2$). The proofs of these results are given by studying a family of Seiberg-Witten equations.
description: 25pages, 2figures. v3: Section 2 is divided into two parts: Subsection 2.1 and Subsection 2.2
(401491) Albert Latimer Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
DICCCOL: Dense Individualized and Common Connectivity-Based Cortical Landmarks
Creators: name: Wang, Lihong
name: Guo, Lei
name: Miller, L. Stephen
name: Zhang, Degang
name: Li, Lingjiang
name: Faraco, Carlos
name: Zhang, Tuo
name: Chen, Hanbo
name: Deng, Fan
name: Jin, Changfeng
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Jiang, Xi
name: Yuan, Yixuan
name: Liu, Tianming
name: Hu, Xintao
name: Zhu, Dajiang
name: Hu, Xiaolei
name: Lv, Peili
name: Wee, Chong Yaw
name: Duan, Lian
name: Li, Kaiming
name: Yin, Yan
name: Han, Junwei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Is there a common structural and functional cortical architecture that can be quantitatively encoded and precisely reproduced across individuals and populations? This question is still largely unanswered due to the vast complexity, variability, and nonlinearity of the cerebral cortex. Here, we hypothesize that the common cortical architecture can be effectively represented by group-wise consistent structural fiber connections and take a novel data-driven approach to explore the cortical architecture. We report a dense and consistent map of 358 cortical landmarks, named Dense Individualized and Common Connectivity–based Cortical Landmarks (DICCCOLs). Each DICCCOL is defined by group-wise consistent white-matter fiber connection patterns derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. Our results have shown that these 358 landmarks are remarkably reproducible over more than one hundred human brains and possess accurate intrinsically established structural and functional cross-subject correspondences validated by large-scale functional magnetic resonance imaging data. In particular, these 358 cortical landmarks can be accurately and efficiently predicted in a new single brain with DTI data. Thus, this set of 358 DICCCOL landmarks comprehensively encodes the common structural and functional cortical architectures, providing opportunities for many applications in brain science including mapping human brain connectomes, as demonstrated in this work.
Human cerebellar organoids as an in vitro 3D model of Group 3 Medulloblastoma
Creators: name: Anderle, Marica
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2020

description: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a heterogeneous tumor that represents the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. It stands as a cause for a high percentage of morbidity and mortality among cancer patients. Thanks to genome-wide analyses, MB can be divided into four significant subgroups, different from each other for diagnosis, prognosis, and metastatic recurrence. WNT subtype has the best prognosis; SHH subtype has an intermediate prognosis; Group 3 subtype is characterized by a high percentage of metastases and worst prognosis; Group 4 MB is the most common subtype, but the less understood. Willing to increase the knowledge about the aggressiveness of the Group3 subtype, this work will focus on developing a reliable Human Group 3 MB model based on cerebellar organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems have gained increasing interest in modeling, drug discovery, and tissue engineering due to their evident advantages in providing more reliable information and more predictive data before in vivo tests. The field of cell development, differentiation, and cell organization was the first to make use of cerebellar organoids, but these 3D structures are starting to be a novelty in the cancer field. One of the innovative points of this work is the setup of a new way to modify wild type human cerebellar organoids, electroporating them with strong Group 3 MB inducers, derived from in vivo patient-specific NGS data screen. We validate that Gfi1/c-Myc and Otx2/c-Myc oncogenes give rise to MB-like organoids, which (in nude mice) can develop tumors harboring a DNA methylation signature that clusters specifically with human patient Group 3 tumors. Moreover, we identify Smarca4 as an oncosuppressor gene and discover that treatment with an EZH2 specific inhibitor, called Tazemetostat, reduces Otx2/c-Myc tumorigenicity in human organoids. We speculate that our Medulloblastoma 3D culture system holds great promises for applications in infant tumor research, cancer cell biology, and drug discovery, being a novel human 3D reliable tool for developing personalized therapies.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging–Based Characterization of Brain Neurodevelopment in Primates
Creators: name: Knickmeyer, Rebecca C.
name: Coe, Christopher L.
name: Niethammer, Marc
name: Short, Sarah J.
name: Styner, Martin A.
name: Shi, Yundi
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Wang, Jiaping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Primate neuroimaging provides a critical opportunity for understanding neurodevelopment. Yet the lack of a normative description has limited the direct comparison with changes in humans. This paper presents for the ﬁrst time a cross-sectional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study characterizing primate brain neurodevelopment between 1 and 6 years of age on 25 healthy undisturbed rhesus monkeys (14 male, 11 female). A comprehensive analysis including region-of-interest, voxel-wise, and ﬁber tract–based approach demonstrated signiﬁcant changes of DTI properties over time. Changes in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) exhibited a heterogeneous pattern across different regions as well as along ﬁber tracts. Most of these patterns are similar to those from human studies yet a few followed unique patterns. Overall, we observed substantial increase in FA and AD and a decrease in RD for white matter (WM) along with similar yet smaller changes in gray matter (GM). We further observed an overall posterior-to-anterior trend in DTI property changes over time and strong correlations between WM and GM development. These DTI trends provide crucial insights into underlying age-related biological maturation, including myelination, axonal density changes, ﬁber tract reorganization, and synaptic pruning processes.
Superspace Unitary Operator in QED with Dirac and Complex Scalar Fields: Superfield Approach
Creators: name: Shukla, D.
name: Bhanja, T.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the strength of the superspace (SUSP) unitary operator to obtain the results of the application of the horizontality condition (HC) within the framework of augmented version of superfield formalism that is applied to the interacting systems of Abelian 1-form gauge theories where the U(1) Abelian 1-form gauge field couples to the Dirac and complex scalar fields in the physical four (3 + 1)-dimensions of spacetime. These interacting theories are generalized onto a (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold that is parametrized by the four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D) spacetime variables and a pair of Grassmannian variables. To derive the (anti-)BRST symmetries for the matter fields, we impose the gauge invariant restrictions (GIRs) on the superfields defined on the (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold. We discuss various outcomes that emerge out from our knowledge of the SUSP unitary operator and its hermitian conjugate. The latter operator is derived without imposing any operation of hermitian conjugation on the parameters and fields of our theory from outside. This is an interesting observation in our present investigation.
description: LaTeX file, 11 pages, journal version
title: Ultrasound Artifacts: to be or not to be?
Creators: name: Fiannacca, Martina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Instrumentation
subject: Physics
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Artifacts

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the main artifacts generated during ultrasound (US) examination and their clinical...
title: Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) with High Attenuation Mucus (HAM)
Creators: name: .R, Remya
name: Shankar, Sai
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Normal variants
subject: Obstetrics
subject: Varices
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 64-year-old female presented to the outpatient department with a history of breathlessness and cough for the last 1 week. No history of fever, haemoptysis, or weight loss. She is a known case of bronchial asthma on medication for the past 28 years. Her vitals were stable and had bilateral wheeze on auscultation. 

description: 64 years, female
(401488) Thomas Halstead
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Non-vital Tooth Bleaching in a root canal retreated tooth - A Case Report
Creators: name: Ashwini KS
name: Mahalakshmi AC
name: Nagaveni NB
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: A beautiful smile often starts with well-maintained white teeth. Tooth discoloration can occur for various reasons including extrinsic or intrinsic and understanding the underlying cause is key to determining the appropriate treatment. Non-vital tooth bleaching is a procedure used to lighten a tooth that has undergone a root canal treatment and has become discolored. Unlike vital bleaching, which is done on vital teeth, non-vital bleaching carried out in teeth that are no longer alive due to the removal of the nerve tissue. This case report describes a non-vital tooth bleaching in a discolored tooth and root canal retreatment showing good prognosis and high-quality esthetic results.
Mapping Region-Specific Longitudinal Cortical Surface Expansion from Birth to 2 Years of Age
Creators: name: Li, Gang
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Shi, Feng
name: Nie, Jingxin
name: Lin, Weili
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Wang, Li
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The human cerebral cortex develops rapidly and dynamically in the first 2 years of life. It has been shown that cortical surface expansion from term infant to adult is highly nonuniform in a cross-sectional study. However, little is known about the longitudinal cortical surface expansion during early postnatal stages. In this article, we generate the first longitudinal surface-based atlases of human cortical structures at 0, 1, and 2 years of age from 73 healthy subjects. On the basis of the surface-based atlases, we study the longitudinal cortical surface expansion in the first 2 years of life and find that cortical surface expansion is age related and region specific. In the first year, cortical surface expands dramatically, with an average expansion of 1.80 times. In particular, regions of superior and medial temporal, superior parietal, medial orbitofrontal, lateral anterior prefrontal, occipital cortices, and postcentral gyrus expand relatively larger than other regions. In the second year, cortical surface still expands substantially, with an average expansion of 1.20 times. In particular, regions of superior and middle frontal, orbitofrontal, inferior temporal, inferior parietal, and superior parietal cortices expand relatively larger than other regions. These region-specific patterns of cortical surface expansion are related to cognitive and functional development at these stages.
The $ν={1\over2}$ Landau level: Half-full or half-empty?
Creators: name: Murthy, Ganpathy
name: Shankar, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show here that an extension of the Hamiltonian theory developed by us over the years furnishes a composite fermion (CF) description of the $ν=\frac{1}{2}$ state that is particle-hole (PH) symmetric, has a charge density that obeys the magnetic translation algebra of the lowest Landau level (LLL), and exhibits cherished ideas from highly successful wave functions, such as a neutral quasi-particle with a certain dipole moment related to its momentum. We also a provide an extension away from $ν=\frac{1}{2}$ which has the features from $ν=\frac{1}{2}$ and implements the the PH transformation on the LLL as an anti-unitary operator ${\cal T}$ with ${\cal T}^2=-1$. This extension of our past work was inspired by Son, who showed that the CF may be viewed as a Dirac fermion on which the particle-hole transformation of LLL electrons is realized as time-reversal, and Wang and Senthil who provided a very attractive interpretation of the CF as the bound state of a semion and anti-semion of charge $\pm {e\over 2}$. Along the way we also found a representation with all the features listed above except that now ${\cal T}^2=+1$. We suspect it corresponds to an emergent charge-conjugation symmetry of the $ν=1$ boson problem analyzed by Read.
description: 10 pages, no figures. Two references and a section on HF added
title: A novel presentation of Berylliosis treated with bronchial artery embolisation
Creators: name: Rozwadowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Interventional radiology
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Embolisation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 78-year-old male was referred to the respiratory clinic after presenting to his GP with progressive haemoptysis and expectorating metallic fragments. He worked as a dental technician milling Beryllium compounds for 10 years in his youth without personal protective equipment. There was no recollection of an acute respiratory illness. Oxygen saturations were 90-92%. Blood tests showed anaemia, Hb 86g/l.

description: 78 years, male
Defining the ABC of gene essentiality in streptococci
Creators: name: Charbonneau, Amelia RL
name: Forman, Oliver P
name: Cain, Amy K
name: Newland, Graham
name: Robinson, Carl
name: Boursnell, Mike
name: Parkhill, Julian
name: Leigh, James A
name: Maskell, Duncan John
name: Waller, Andrew S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017

description: Background Utilising next generation sequencing to interrogate saturated bacterial mutant libraries provides unprecedented information for the assignment of genome-wide gene essentiality. Exposure of saturated mutant libraries to specific conditions and subsequent sequencing can be exploited to uncover gene essentiality relevant to the condition. Here we present a barcoded transposon directed insertion-site sequencing (TraDIS) system to define an essential gene list for Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, the causative agent of strangles in horses, for the first time. The gene essentiality data for this group C Streptococcus was compared to that of group A and B streptococci. Results Six barcoded variants of pGh9:ISS1 were designed and used to generate mutant libraries containing between 33,000-66,000 unique mutants. TraDIS was performed on DNA extracted from each library and data were analysed separately and as a combined master pool. Gene essentiality determined that 19.5% of the S. equi genome was essential. Gene essentialities were compared to those of group A and group B streptococci, identifying concordances of 90.2% and 89.4%, respectively and an overall concordance of 83.7% between the three species. Conclusions The use of barcoded pGh9:ISS1 to generate mutant libraries provides a highly useful tool for the assignment of gene function in S. equi and other streptococci. The shared essential gene set of group A, B and C streptococci provides further evidence of the close genetic relationships between these important pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the ABC of gene essentiality reported here provides a solid foundation towards reporting the functional genome of streptococci.
Microwave Remote Sensing for soil moisture estimation and vegetation characterization with Physics-Informed Machine Learning
Creators: name: Duan, Ting
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open data
soil moisture
vegetation mapping
microwave remote senting
machine learning

description: Soil moisture and vegetation parameters are essential elements in understanding the land-atmosphere interactions. Traditional method such as in-situ measurements are confined in the spatial and temporal domains for monitoring purposes, and generally they are time- and labor-consuming. Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) and microwave radiometers have been successfully applied in estimating soil moisture and vegetation properties, due to their sensitivities to soil moisture and plant growth and their working capabilities irrespective of cloud and day/night conditions. The research aims of this study are: To develop an emulator and carry out backscattering coefficient at C-band and Brightness Temperature at L-band forward simulations using machine learning algorithm, evaluate the accuracy of the forward modeling via comparisons to ground-based and satellite-based observation, To retrieve the soil moisture and vegetation parameters including LAI, VWC, AGB and plant height using multi-target regression method and microwave signal simulation as input, evaluate the performance of the regression model against the in-situ measurements and inter-compare the soil moisture and vegetation parameters estimation with other global products. To evaluated the applicability and performance of these methods in some specific study areas.
Polysialylated NCAM and EphrinA/EphA Regulate Synaptic Development of GABAergic Interneurons in Prefrontal Cortex
Creators: name: Maness, Patricia F.
name: Brennaman, Leann H.
name: Demyanenko, Galina P.
name: Zhang, Xuying
name: Guan, Hanjun
name: Brown, Arthur
name: Manis, Paul B.
name: Landmesser, Lynn
name: Triplett, Jason W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A novel function for the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was identified in ephrinA/EphA-mediated repulsion as an important regulatory mechanism for development of GABAergic inhibitory synaptic connections in mouse prefrontal cortex. Deletion of NCAM, EphA3, or ephrinA2/3/5 in null mutant mice increased the numbers and size of perisomatic synapses between GABAergic basket interneurons and pyramidal cells in the developing cingulate cortex (layers II/III). A functional consequence of NCAM loss was increased amplitudes and faster kinetics of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in NCAM null cingulate cortex. NCAM and EphA3 formed a molecular complex and colocalized with the inhibitory presynaptic marker vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) in perisomatic puncta and neuropil in the cingulate cortex. EphrinA5 treatment promoted axon remodeling of enhanced green fluorescent protein–labeled basket interneurons in cortical slice cultures and induced growth cone collapse in wild-type but not NCAM null mutant neurons. NCAM modified with polysialic acid (PSA) was required to promote ephrinA5-induced axon remodeling of basket interneurons in cortical slices, likely by providing a permissive environment for ephrinA5/EphA3 signaling. These results reveal a new mechanism in which NCAM and ephrinAs/EphA3 coordinate to constrain GABAergic interneuronal arborization and perisomatic innervation, potentially contributing to excitatory/inhibitory balance in prefrontal cortical circuitry.
(401483) Emma [Simpson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Synchronization within and Interaction between the Default and Dorsal Attention Networks in Early Infancy
Creators: name: Gao, Wei
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Lin, Weili
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Smith, Jeffery Keith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: An anticorrelated interaction between the dorsal attention and the default-mode networks has been observed, although how these 2 networks establish such relationship remains elusive. Behavioral studies have reported the emergence of attention and default network–related functions and a preliminary competing relationship between them at early infancy. This study attempted to test the hypothesis—resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging will demonstrate not only improved network synchronization of the dorsal attention and the default networks, respectively, during the first 2 years of life but also an anticorrelated network interaction pattern between the 2 networks at 1 year which will be further enhanced at 2 years old. Our results demonstrate that both networks start from an isolated region in neonates but evolve to highly synchronized networks at 1 year old. Paralleling the individual network maturation process, the anticorrelated behaviors are absent at birth but become apparent at 1 year and are further enhanced during the second year of life. Our studies elucidate not only the individual maturation process of the dorsal attention and default networks but also offer evidence that the maturation of the individual networks may be needed prior exhibiting the adult-like interaction patterns between the 2 networks.
A call for help list for Australian general practice registrars
Creators: name: Ingham, Gerard
name: Kayty Plastow
name: Kippen, Rebecca
name: White, Nicky
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111717 Primary Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The 3 attached documents are: the research paper published in the Australian Journal of General Practice, and the 'call for help' list in .doc and .pdf formats.
Australian general practice registrars are expected to only manage patients they are competent to manage. This list sets out situations where a registrar should call their supervisor for help. These include clinical situations, new or challenging consultations, professional and legal consultations, and situations that indicate registrar uncertainty.
This list should be reviewed early in each training term, potentially allowing removal of items from the list. This should be done cautiously, as hospital or prior clinical experience in a specific area may not translate to competence in a general practice environment. Where a practice has a special interest or serves a particular patient demographic, items may need to be added to the list.
The registrar should call their supervisor for items on the list until the supervisor determines that this is no longer necessary. This will be either through supervision of registrar clinical work, or by the issue being satisfactorily covered during an in-practice teaching session. It is likely that many items will remain on the list throughout the term, particularly the uncertainty flags and those that relate to situations that are high risk for all doctors.
title: Revisiting Cyanotic Congenital Heart diseases: A Pictorial Review
Creators: name: Sharma, Smily
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To discuss the systematic chest radiographic and segmental cross-sectional imaging-based approach to cyanotic congenital heart diseases 2. To illustrate cardinal features and highlight the signature patterns of various Cyanotic heart diseases...
Free and nearly free surfaces in $P^3$
Creators: name: Dimca, Alexandru
name: Sticlaru, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define the nearly free surfaces in $P^3$ and show that the Hilbert polynomial of the Milnor algebra of a free or nearly free surface in $P^3$ can be expressed in terms of the exponents. An analog of Saito's criterion of freeness in the case of nearly free divisors is proven and examples of irreducible free and nearly free surfaces are given.
description: v6: Question 5.16 is replaced by Example 5.17 containing examples kindly provided by Aldo Conca. Question 5.17 is replaced by Remark 5.18. Section 6 is discarded and the references are updated
title: Zinner syndrome- Incidental imaging findings in patient with cystitis
Creators: name: Kayastha, Rumita
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 24-year-old male patient presented to Emergency Department with acute onset of suprapubic pain. Routine urine microscopy examination showed pyuria and the sample was sent for culture and sensitivity. Ultrasound findings showed multiple seminal vesical collection with diffusely thickened urinary bladder wall filled with debris.

description: 24 years, male