cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 5 of Prognostic and predictive value of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: risk-stratified analysis from a prospective observational cohort of pediatric septic shock
Creators: name: Atreya, Mihir R.
name: Cvijanovich, Natalie Z.
name: Fitzgerald, Julie C.
name: Weiss, Scott L.
name: Bigham, Michael T.
name: Jain, Parag N.
name: Schwarz, Adam J.
name: Lutfi, Riad
name: Nowak, Jeffrey
name: Allen, Geoffrey L.
name: Thomas, Neal J.
name: Grunwell, Jocelyn R.
name: Baines, Torrey
name: Quasney, Michael
name: Haileselassie, Bereketeab
name: Alder, Matthew N.
name: Goldstein, Stuart L.
name: Stanski, Natalja L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Classification of patients with high- and intermediate- PERSEVERE-II mortality risk in the validation cohort (n=84) according to the PERSEVEREnce SA-AKI Risk model without any modifications.
Tangle-tree duality in abstract separation systems
Creators: name: Diestel, Reinhard
name: Oum, Sang-il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C83, 05C40, 05C05

description: We prove a general width duality theorem for combinatorial structures with well-defined notions of cohesion and separation. These might be graphs and matroids, but can be much more general or quite different. The theorem asserts a duality between the existence of high cohesiveness somewhere local and a global overall tree structure. We describe cohesive substructures in a unified way in the format of tangles: as orientations of low-order separations satisfying certain consistency axioms. These axioms can be expressed without reference to the underlying structure, such as a graph or matroid, but just in terms of the poset of the separations themselves. This makes it possible to identify tangles, and apply our tangle-tree duality theorem, in very diverse settings. Our result implies all the classical duality theorems for width parameters in graph minor theory, such as path-width, tree-width, branch-width or rank-width. It yields new, tangle-type, duality theorems for tree-width and path-width. It implies the existence of width parameters dual to cohesive substructures such as $k$-blocks, edge-tangles, or given subsets of tangles, for which no width duality theorems were previously known. Abstract separation systems can be found also in structures quite unlike graphs and matroids. For example, our theorem can be applied to image analysis by capturing the regions of an image as tangles of separations defined as natural partitions of its set of pixels. It can be applied in big data contexts by capturing clusters as tangles. It can be applied in the social sciences, e.g. by capturing as tangles the few typical mindsets of individuals found by a survey. It could also be applied in pure mathematics, e.g. to separations of compact manifolds.
description: To appear in Adv.Math
Role of Inorganic Cations in the Excitonic Properties of Lead Halide Perovskites
Creators: name: Wierzbowska, Małgorzata
name: Meléndez, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate lead iodide perovskites of general formula APbI$_3$ for a series of metallic cations (namely Cs$^+$, Rb$^+$, K$^+$, Na$^+$ and Li$^+$) by means of the density functional theory, GW method and Bethe-Salpeter equation including spin-orbit coupling. We demonstrate that the low-energy edges (up to 1.3 eV) of the absorption spectra are dominated by weakly bound excitons, with binding energies $E_b$ $\sim$ 30-80~meV, and the corresponding intensities grow as metallic %A$^+$ cations become lighter. The middle parts of the spectra (1.8-2.4 eV), on the other hand, contain optical dipole transitions comprising more strongly bound excitons ($E_b$ $\sim$ 150-200~meV) located at PbI$_3$. These parts of the spectra correspond to the optical-gain wavelengths which are experimentally achieved in optically-pumped perovskite lasers. Finally, the higher energy parts, from about 2.8~eV (LiPbI$_3$) to 4.3 eV (CsPbI$_3$), contain optical transitions with very strongly bound excitons ($E_b$ $\sim$ 220-290~meV) located at the halide atoms and the empty states of the metallic cations.
Eilenberg-MacLane mapping algebras and higher distributivity up to homotopy
Creators: name: Baues, Hans-Joachim
name: Frankland, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55S20 (Primary) 55P20, 55S10, 18G55 (Secondary)

description: Primary cohomology operations, i.e., elements of the Steenrod algebra, are given by homotopy classes of maps between Eilenberg--MacLane spectra. Such maps (before taking homotopy classes) form the topological version of the Steenrod algebra. Composition of such maps is strictly linear in one variable and linear up to coherent homotopy in the other variable. To describe this structure, we introduce a hierarchy of higher distributivity laws, and prove that the topological Steenrod algebra satisfies all of them. We show that the higher distributivity laws are homotopy invariant in a suitable sense. As an application of $2$-distributivity, we provide a new construction of a derivation of degree $-2$ of the mod $2$ Steenrod algebra.
description: v3: Minor changes. Final version
Additional file 1 of The effect of widowhood on depression of caregivers
Creators: name: Pang, Jiahui
name: Liang, Dachuan
name: Wu, Yuanyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Light-field imaging from position-momentum correlations
Creators: name: Giannella, Davide
name: Massaro, Gianlorenzo
name: Stoklasa, Bohumil
name: D'Angelo, Milena
name: Pepe, Francesco V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlation plenoptic imaging (CPI) is a light-field imaging technique employing intensity correlation measurements to simultaneously detect the spatial distribution and the propagation direction of light. Compared to standard methods, in which light-field images are directly encoded in intensity, CPI provides a significant enhancement of the volumetric reconstruction performance in terms of both achievable depth of field and 3D resolution. In this article, we present a novel CPI configuration where light-field information is encoded in correlations between position and momentum measurements, namely, points on a given object plane and points of the Fourier plane of the imaging lens. Besides the fundamental interest in retrieving the properties of position-momentum correlation, the proposed scheme overcomes practical limitations of previously proposed setups, providing higher axial homogeneity and robustness with respect to the identification of reference planes.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Self-similar accretion in thin disks around near-extremal black holes
Creators: name: Compère, G.
name: Oliveri, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-maximally spinning black holes display conformal symmetry in their near-horizon region, which is therefore the locus of critical phenomena. In this paper, we revisit the Novikov-Thorne accretion thin disk model and find a new self-similar radiation-dominated solution in the extremely high spin regime. Motivated by the self-consistency of the model, we require that matter flows at the sound speed at the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). We observe that, when the disk pressure is dominated by radiation at the ISCO, which occurs for the best-fitting Novikov-Thorne model of GRS 1915+105, the Shakura-Sunyaev viscosity parameter can be expressed in terms of the spin, mass accretion rate and radiative efficiency. We quantitatively describe how the exact thin disk solution approaches the self-similar solution in the vicinity of the ISCO and for increasing spins.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; v2 matches published version in MNRAS; v3: typos fixed, results unchanged
Amikacin treatment in urinary tract infection patients: evaluating the risk of acute kidney injury – a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Dagan, Avner
name: Epstein, Danny
name: Neuberger, Ami
name: Isenberg, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The rise in ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections is alarming. Aminoglycosides remain attractive for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, aminoglycosides-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) raises concerns, especially in patients with underlying renal impairment. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the risk of AKI in patients with UTI empirically treated with amikacin. Among 395 patients (median age 41.9 years [IQR 28.3–67.1], 342 [86.6%] female), 162 (41.0%) received amikacin and 233 (59.0%) were empirically treated with other antibiotics. AKI incidence was low (5.6%) and not associated with amikacin exposure (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.22–1.43, p = 0.23), even in those with pre-existing renal impairment or AKI on admission. The clinical outcomes (including cure by the third day, AKI, maximal creatinine, length of stay, mortality, and readmission) did not differ between the groups. Once-daily amikacin may offer a safe UTI treatment option amid increasing multi-drug resistance.
simmer: Discrete-Event Simulation for R
Creators: name: Ucar, Iñaki
name: Smeets, Bart
name: Azcorra, Arturo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The simmer package brings discrete-event simulation to R. It is designed as a generic yet powerful process-oriented framework. The architecture encloses a robust and fast simulation core written in C++ with automatic monitoring capabilities. It provides a rich and flexible R API that revolves around the concept of trajectory, a common path in the simulation model for entities of the same type.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Improving device-aware Web services and their mobile clients through an aspect-oriented, model-driven approach
Creators: name: Ortiz, Guadalupe
name: Garcia-de-Prado, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: Mobile devices have become an essential element in our daily lives, even for connecting to the Internet. Consequently, Web services have become extremely important when offering services through the Internet. However, current Web services are very inflexible as regards their invocation from different types of device, especially if we consider the need for them to be adaptable when being invoked from mobile devices. Objective: In this paper, we provide an approach for the creation of flexible Web services which can be invoked transparently from different device types and which return subsequent responses, as well as providing the client's adaptation as a result of the particular device characteristics and end-user preferences in a completely decoupled way. Method: Aspect-Oriented Programming and model-driven development have been used to reduce both the impact of service and client code adaptation for multiple devices as well as to facilitate the developer's task. Results: A model-driven methodology can be followed from system models to code, providing the Web service developer with the option of marking which services should be adapted to mobile devices in the UML models, and obtaining the decoupled adaptation code automatically from the models. Conclusion: We can conclude that the approach presented in this paper provides us with the possibility of following the development of mobile-aware Web services in an integrated platform, benefiting from the use of aspect-oriented techniques not only for maintaining device-related code completely decoupled from the main functionality one, but also allowing a modularized non-intrusive adaptation of mobile clients to the specific device characteristics as well as to final user preferences.
Quantum engine efficiency bound beyond the second law of thermodynamics
Creators: name: Niedenzu, Wolfgang
name: Mukherjee, Victor
name: Ghosh, Arnab
name: Kofman, Abraham G.
name: Kurizki, Gershon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the second law, the efficiency of cyclic heat engines is limited by the Carnot bound that is attained by engines that operate between two thermal baths under the reversibility condition whereby the total entropy does not increase. Quantum engines operating between a thermal and a squeezed-thermal bath have been shown to surpass this bound. Yet, their maximum efficiency cannot be determined by the reversibility condition, which may yield an unachievable efficiency bound above unity. Here we identify the fraction of the exchanged energy between a quantum system and a bath that necessarily causes an entropy change and derive an inequality for this change. This inequality reveals an efficiency bound for quantum engines energised by a non-thermal bath. This bound does not imply reversibility, unless the two baths are thermal. It cannot be solely deduced from the laws of thermodynamics.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Family history and breast cancer risk for Asian women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Heran
name: MacInnis, Robert J.
name: Li, Shuai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Sanctioning Outside Support for Rebel Groups: the Resulting Effects on Civilian Death Toll and Conflict Duration
Creators: name: Kolesnichenko, Darya
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Control Direct Effect
subject: Civil Conflict
subject: Rebel Groups
subject: Sanctions

description: Contemporary research attempts to uncover what drives civilian casualties and conflict duration in civil wars. This thesis employs the controlled direct effect (CDE) method to detect whether sanctions placed on states providing support to foreign rebel groups have potential to reduce civilian deaths and reduce conflict duration using a cross-national quantitative analysis. The findings suggest that while sanctions might be effective in reducing the duration of the conflict, the resulting cessation of support does not generate higher civilian casualties. The findings are then subject to a qualitative evaluation based on Russian support for separatist rebels in Georgia and Ukraine, also upholding only some arguments of the paper.
Particle states of Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Kapoyannis, A. S.
name: Panagiotou, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the degeneracy factor and the average particle mass of particles that produce the Lattice QCD pressure and specific entropy at zero baryon chemical potential. The number of states of the gluons and the quarks are found to converge above $T=$230 MeV to almost constant values, close to the number of states of an ideal Quark-Gluon Phase, while their assigned masses retain high values. The number of states and the average mass of a system containing quarks in interaction with gluons are found to decrease steeply with increase of temperature between $T \sim 150$ and 160 MeV, a region contained within the region of the chiral transition. The minimum value of the number of states within this temperature interval indicates that the states are of hadronic nature.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures
An Empirical Analysis of Feature Engineering for Predictive Modeling
Creators: name: Heaton, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models, such as neural networks, decision trees, random forests, and gradient boosting machines, accept a feature vector, and provide a prediction. These models learn in a supervised fashion where we provide feature vectors mapped to the expected output. It is common practice to engineer new features from the provided feature set. Such engineered features will either augment or replace portions of the existing feature vector. These engineered features are essentially calculated fields based on the values of the other features. Engineering such features is primarily a manual, time-consuming task. Additionally, each type of model will respond differently to different kinds of engineered features. This paper reports empirical research to demonstrate what kinds of engineered features are best suited to various machine learning model types. We provide this recommendation by generating several datasets that we designed to benefit from a particular type of engineered feature. The experiment demonstrates to what degree the machine learning model can synthesize the needed feature on its own. If a model can synthesize a planned feature, it is not necessary to provide that feature. The research demonstrated that the studied models do indeed perform differently with various types of engineered features.
Assessing, Creating and Using Knowledge Graph Restrictions
Creators: name: Lieber, Sven
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: RDF
subject: Knowledge Graph
subject: Linked Data
subject: Semantic Web
subject: OWL
subject: SHACL
subject: Data Shapes
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: BESOCIAL
subject: Montolo
subject: FAIR
subject: Axioms
subject: Constraints
subject: social media archiving
subject: Visual notations
subject: ShapeUML
subject: ShapeVOWL
subject: ShapeViBe

description: The presentation of my public PhD defense on March 10, 2022. The related video is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NofQSwc3Svk

 This doctoral thesis tackles the support of users when assessing, creating and using Knowledge Graph restrictions.
 More concretely, in this dissertation the FAIR Montolo statistics are contributed, supporting users in assessing existing Knowledge Graphs based on used restrictions.
 The two visual notations ShapeUML and ShapeVOWL are presented and evaluated: they represent all constraint types of the Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) and thus advance the state of the art.
 Finally, the use of restrictions to represent formal meaning and to assess data quality is demonstrated for a social media archiving use case in the BESOCIAL project of the Royal Library of Belgium (KBR).
Additional file 2 of Family history and breast cancer risk for Asian women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Heran
name: MacInnis, Robert J.
name: Li, Shuai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
Agile Effort Estimation: Comparing the Accuracy and Efficiency of Planning Poker, Bucket System, and Affinity Estimation methods
Creators: name: Poženel, Marko
name: Fürst, Luka
name: Vavpotič, Damjan
name: Hovelja, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.9
subject: 68U99

description: Published studies on agile effort estimation predominantly focus on comparisons of the accuracy of different estimation methods, while efficiency comparisons, i.e. how much time the estimation methods consume was not in the forefront. However, for practical use in software development, the time required can be a very important cost factor for enterprises, especially when the accuracy of different agile effort estimations is similar. In this study, we thus try to advance the current standard accuracy comparison between methods by introducing efficiency i.e. time it takes to use a method as an additional dimension of comparison. We conduct this comparison between three agile effort estimation methods that were not yet compared in the literature, namely Planning Poker, Bucket System and Affinity Estimation. For the comparison, we used eight student teams with 29 students that had to use all the effort estimation methods during the course where they had to finish a programming project in 3 weeks. The results indicate that after the students get used to using the different methods the accuracy between them is not statistically significantly different, however, the efficiency is. On average Bucket System and Affinity Estimation methods take half as much time as Planning Poker.
Reconstructing the metric of the local Universe from number counts observations
Creators: name: Vallejo, Sergio Andres
name: Romano, Antonio Enea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Number counts observations available with new surveys such as the Euclid mission will be an important source of information about the metric of the Universe. We compute the low red-shift expansion for the energy density and the density contrast using an exact spherically symmetric solution in presence of a cosmological constant. At low red-shift the expansion is more precise than linear perturbation theory prediction. We then use the local expansion to reconstruct the metric from the monopole of the density contrast. We test the inversion method using numerical calculations and find a good agreement within the regime of validity of the red-shift expansion. The method could be applied to observational data to reconstruct the metric of the local Universe with a level of precision higher than the one achievable using perturbation theory.
description: 18 pages,5 figures
Superexchange interactions and magnetic anisotropy in MnPSe$_3$ monolayer
Creators: name: Wang, Guangyu
name: Yang, Ke
name: Ma, Yaozhenghang
name: Liu, Lu
name: Lu, Di
name: Zhou, Yuxuan
name: Wu, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional van der Waals magnetic materials are of great current interest for their promising applications in spintronics. In this work, using density functional theory calculations in combination with the maximally localized Wannier functions method and the magnetic anisotropy analyses, we study the electronic and magnetic properties of MnPSe$_3$ monolayer. Our results show that it is a charge transfer antiferromagnetic (AF) insulator. For this Mn$^{2+}$ $3d^5$ system, although it seems straightforward to explain the AF ground state using the direct exchange, we find that the near 90$^\circ$ Mn-Se-Mn charge transfer type superexchange plays a dominant role in stabilizing the AF ground state. Moreover, our results indicate that although the shape anisotropy favors an out-of-plane spin orientation, the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) leads to the experimentally observed in-plane spin orientation. We prove that the actual dominant contribution to the magnetic anisotropy comes from the second-order perturbation of the SOC, by analyzing its distribution over the reciprocal space. Using the AF exchange and anisotropy parameters obtained from our calculations, our Monte Carlo simulations give the Néel temperature $T_{\rm N}=47$ K for MnPSe$_3$ monolayer, which agrees with the experimental 40 K. Furthermore, our calculations show that under a uniaxial tensile (compressive) strain, Néel vector would be parallel (perpendicular) to the strain direction, which well reproduces the recent experiments. We also predict that $T_{\rm N}$ would be increased by a compressive strain.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
A fitted scheme for a Caputo initial-boundary value problem
Creators: name: Gracia, J. L.
name: O'Riordan, E.
name: Stynes, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider an initial-boundary value problem with a Caputo time derivative of order $α\in(0,1)$. The solution typically exhibits a weak singularity near the initial time and this causes a reduction in the orders of convergence of standard schemes. To deal with this singularity, the solution is computed with a fitted difference scheme on a graded mesh. The convergence of this scheme is analysed using a discrete maximum principle and carefully chosen barrier functions. Sharp error estimates are proved, which show an enhancement in the convergence rate compared with the standard L1 approximation on uniform meshes, and also indicate an optimal choice for the mesh grading. This optimal mesh grading is less severe than the optimal grading for the standard L1 scheme. Furthermore, the dependence of the error on the final time forms part of our error estimate. Numerical experiments are presented which corroborate our theoretical results.
Reconstructing Close Human Interactions from Multiple Views
Creators: name: Shuai, Qing
name: Yu, Zhiyuan
name: Zhou, Zhize
name: Fan, Lixin
name: Yang, Haijun
name: Yang, Can
name: Zhou, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the challenging task of reconstructing the poses of multiple individuals engaged in close interactions, captured by multiple calibrated cameras. The difficulty arises from the noisy or false 2D keypoint detections due to inter-person occlusion, the heavy ambiguity in associating keypoints to individuals due to the close interactions, and the scarcity of training data as collecting and annotating motion data in crowded scenes is resource-intensive. We introduce a novel system to address these challenges. Our system integrates a learning-based pose estimation component and its corresponding training and inference strategies. The pose estimation component takes multi-view 2D keypoint heatmaps as input and reconstructs the pose of each individual using a 3D conditional volumetric network. As the network doesn't need images as input, we can leverage known camera parameters from test scenes and a large quantity of existing motion capture data to synthesize massive training data that mimics the real data distribution in test scenes. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach significantly surpasses previous approaches in terms of pose accuracy and is generalizable across various camera setups and population sizes. The code is available on our project page: https://github.com/zju3dv/CloseMoCap.
description: SIGGRAPH Asia 2023
Anatomically Constrained Neural Networks (ACNN): Application to Cardiac Image Enhancement and Segmentation
Creators: name: Oktay, Ozan
name: Ferrante, Enzo
name: Kamnitsas, Konstantinos
name: Heinrich, Mattias
name: Bai, Wenjia
name: Caballero, Jose
name: Cook, Stuart
name: de Marvao, Antonio
name: Dawes, Timothy
name: O'Regan, Declan
name: Kainz, Bernhard
name: Glocker, Ben
name: Rueckert, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incorporation of prior knowledge about organ shape and location is key to improve performance of image analysis approaches. In particular, priors can be useful in cases where images are corrupted and contain artefacts due to limitations in image acquisition. The highly constrained nature of anatomical objects can be well captured with learning based techniques. However, in most recent and promising techniques such as CNN based segmentation it is not obvious how to incorporate such prior knowledge. State-of-the-art methods operate as pixel-wise classifiers where the training objectives do not incorporate the structure and inter-dependencies of the output. To overcome this limitation, we propose a generic training strategy that incorporates anatomical prior knowledge into CNNs through a new regularisation model, which is trained end-to-end. The new framework encourages models to follow the global anatomical properties of the underlying anatomy (e.g. shape, label structure) via learned non-linear representations of the shape. We show that the proposed approach can be easily adapted to different analysis tasks (e.g. image enhancement, segmentation) and improve the prediction accuracy of the state-of-the-art models. The applicability of our approach is shown on multi-modal cardiac datasets and public benchmarks. Additionally, we demonstrate how the learned deep models of 3D shapes can be interpreted and used as biomarkers for classification of cardiac pathologies.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (Aug 2017)
Resolved Spectrophotometric Properties of the Ceres Surface from Dawn Framing Camera Images
Creators: name: Schröder, S. E.
name: Mottola, S.
name: Carsenty, U.
name: Ciarniello, M.
name: Jaumann, R.
name: Li, J. -Y.
name: Longobardo, A.
name: Palmer, E.
name: Pieters, C.
name: Preusker, F.
name: Raymond, C. A.
name: Russell, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global spectrophotometric characterization of the Ceres surface using Dawn Framing Camera (FC) images. We identify the photometric model that yields the best results for photometrically correcting images. Corrected FC images acquired on approach to Ceres were assembled into global maps of albedo and color. Generally, albedo and color variations on Ceres are muted. The albedo map is dominated by a large, circular feature in Vendimia Planitia, known from HST images (Li et al., 2006), and dotted by smaller bright features mostly associated with fresh-looking craters. The dominant color variation over the surface is represented by the presence of "blue" material in and around such craters, which has a negative spectral slope over the visible wavelength range when compared to average terrain. We also mapped variations of the phase curve by employing an exponential photometric model, a technique previously applied to asteroid Vesta (Schröder et al., 2013b). The surface of Ceres scatters light differently from Vesta in the sense that the ejecta of several fresh-looking craters may be physically smooth rather than rough. High albedo, blue color, and physical smoothness all appear to be indicators of youth. The blue color may result from the desiccation of ejected material that is similar to the phyllosilicates/water ice mixtures in the experiments of Poch et al. (2016). The physical smoothness of some blue terrains would be consistent with an initially liquid condition, perhaps as a consequence of impact melting of subsurface water ice. We find red terrain (positive spectral slope) near Ernutet crater, where De Sanctis et al. (2017) detected organic material. The spectrophotometric properties of the large Vendimia Planitia feature suggest it is a palimpsest, consistent with the Marchi et al. (2016) impact basin hypothesis. The central bright area in Occator crater, Cerealia...
description: 42 pages, 18 figures
Additional file 3 of Family history and breast cancer risk for Asian women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Heran
name: MacInnis, Robert J.
name: Li, Shuai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3.
On codimension two embeddings up to link-homotopy
Creators: name: Audoux, Benjamin
name: Meilhan, Jean-Baptiste
name: Wagner, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider knotted annuli in 4-space, called 2-string-links, which are knotted surfaces in codimension two that are naturally related, via closure operations, to both 2-links and 2-torus links. We classify 2-string-links up to link-homotopy by means of a 4-dimensional version of Milnor invariants. The key to our proof is that any 2-string link is link-homotopic to a ribbon one; this allows to use the homotopy classification obtained in the ribbon case by P. Bellingeri and the authors. Along the way, we give a Roseman-type result for immersed surfaces in 4-space. We also discuss the case of ribbon k-string links, for $k\geq 3$.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; v2: appendix added; v3:rank formula corrected; to appear in Journal of Topology
Robin's inequality for new families of integers
Creators: name: Hertlein, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Robin's criterion states that the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) is true if and only if Robin's inequality $σ(n):=\sum_{p|n}p 5040$, where $γ$ denotes the Euler-Mascheroni constant. We show that if the 2-adic order of n is big enough in comparison to the odd part of n then Robin's inequality is satisfied. We also show that if an positive integer $n$ satisfies either $ν_2(n) \leq 19$, $ν_3(n) \leq 12$,$ν_5(n) \leq 7$, $ν_7(n) \leq 6$, $ν_{11}(n) \leq 5$ then Robin's inequality is satisfied, where $ν_p(n)$ is the p-adic order of $n$. In the end we show that $σ(n)/n < 1.0000005645 e^γ\log \log n$ holds unconditionally for $n > 5040$.
description: 6 pages
Brill-Noether theory for curves of a fixed gonality
Creators: name: Jensen, David
name: Ranganathan, Dhruv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H51, 14T05

description: We prove a generalization of the Brill-Noether theorem for the variety of special divisors $W^r_d(C)$ on a general curve $C$ of prescribed gonality. Our main theorem gives a closed formula for the dimension of $W^r_d(C)$. We build on previous work of Pflueger, who used an analysis of the tropical divisor theory of special chains of cycles to give upper bounds on the dimensions of Brill--Noether varieties on such curves. We prove his conjecture, that this upper bound is achieved for a general curve. Our methods introduce logarithmic stable maps as a systematic tool in Brill-Noether theory. A precise relation between the divisor theory on chains of cycles and the corresponding tropical maps theory is exploited to prove new regeneration theorems for linear series with negative Brill-Noether number. The strategy involves blending an analysis of obstruction theories for logarithmic stable maps with the geometry of Berkovich curves. To show the utility of these methods, we provide a short new derivation of lifting for special divisors on a chain of cycles with generic edge lengths, proved using different techniques by Cartwright, Jensen, and Payne. A crucial technical result is a new realizability theorem for tropical stable maps in obstructed geometries, generalizing a well-known theorem of Speyer on genus one curves to arbitrary genus.
description: 35 pages, 10 TikZ figures. v2: Minor corrections. Final version to appear in Forum of Mathematics, Pi
Additional file 1 of Addressing health disparities using multiply imputed injury surveillance data
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Wolkin, Amy F.
name: Kresnow, Marcie-jo
name: Schroeder, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The Supplementary Material for this article can be found.
Invariance of topological indices under Hilbert space truncation
Creators: name: Huang, Zhoushen
name: Zhu, W.
name: Arovas, Daniel P.
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
name: Balatsky, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the topological index of a wavefunction, computed in the space of twisted boundary phases, is preserved under Hilbert space truncation, provided the truncated state remains normalizable. If truncation affects the boundary condition of the resulting state, the invariant index may acquire a different physical interpretation. If the index is symmetry protected, the truncation should preserve the protecting symmetry. We discuss implications of this invariance using paradigmatic integer and fractional Chern insulators, $Z_2$ topological insulators, and Spin-$1$ AKLT and Heisenberg chains, as well as its relation with the notion of bulk entanglement. As a possible application, we propose a partial quantum tomography scheme from which the topological index of a generic multi-component wavefunction can be extracted by measuring only a small subset of wavefunction components, equivalent to the measurement of a bulk entanglement topological index.
description: 11 pages including supplementary. v2: Minor text change, reference correction and update. v3: Text and SM update. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Onset of hydrodynamics for a quark-gluon plasma from the evolution of moments of distribution functions
Creators: name: Blaizot, Jean-Paul
name: Yan, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pre-equilibrium evolution of a quark-gluon plasma produced in a heavy-ion collision is studied in the framework of kinetic theory. We discuss the approach to local thermal equilibrium, and the onset of hydrodynamics, in terms of a particular set of moments of the distribution function. These moments quantify the momentum anisotropies to a finer degree than the commonly used ratio of longitudinal to transverse pressures. They are found to be in direct correspondence with viscous corrections of hydrodynamics, and provide therefore an alternative measure of these corrections in terms of the distortion of the momentum distribution. As an application, we study the evolution of these moments by solving the Boltzmann equation for a boost invariant expanding system, first analytically in the relaxation time approximation, and then numerically for a quark-gluon plasma within the small angle approximation to the collision kernel.
description: updated version, with corrected discussions
On distilling secure key from reducible private states and (non)existence of entangled key-undistillable states
Creators: name: Horodecki, K.
name: Ćwikliński, P.
name: Rutkowski, A.
name: Studziński, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hereunder, we study the class of irreducible private states that are private states from which all the secret content is accessible via measuring their key part. We provide the first protocol which distills key not only from the key part, but also from the shield if only the state is reducible. We prove also a tighter upper bound on the performance of that protocol, given in terms of regularized relative entropy of entanglement instead of relative entropy of entanglement previously known. This implies in particular that the irreducible private states are all strictly irreducible if and only if the entangled but key-undistillable states ("entangled key-undistilable states") exist. In turn, all the irreducible private states of the dimension $4\otimes 4$ are strictly irreducible, that is, after an attack on the key part they become separable. Provided the bound key states exist, we consider different subclasses of the irreducible private states and their properties. Finally we provide a lower bound on the trace norm distance between key-undistillable states and private states, in sufficiently high dimensions.
description: 11+12 pages, 3 figures, close to published version, comments welcome
Ground-state blockade of Rydberg atoms and application in entanglement generation
Creators: name: Shao, X. Q.
name: Li, D. X.
name: Ji, Y. Q.
name: Wu, J. H.
name: Yi, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism of ground-state blockade between two $N$-type Rydberg atoms in virtue of Rydberg-antiblockade effect and Raman transition. Inspired by the quantum Zeno effect, the strong Rydberg antiblockade interaction plays a role in frequently measuring one ground state of two, leading to a blockade effect for double occupation of the corresponding quantum state. By encoding the logic qubits into the ground states, we efficiently avoid the spontaneous emission of the excited Rydberg state, and maintain the nonlinear Rydberg-Rydberg interaction at the same time. As applications, we discuss in detail the feasibility of preparing two-atom and three-atom entanglement with ground-state blockade in closed system and open system, respectively, which shows that a high fidelity of entangled state can be obtained with current experimental parameters.
On the volume of Anti-de Sitter maximal globally hyperbolic three-manifolds
Creators: name: Bonsante, Francesco
name: Seppi, Andrea
name: Tamburelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the volume of maximal globally hyperbolic Anti-de Sitter manifolds containing a closed orientable Cauchy surface $S$, in relation to some geometric invariants depending only on the two points in Teichmüller space of $S$ provided by Mess' parameterization - namely on two isotopy classes of hyperbolic metrics $h$ and $h'$ on $S$. The main result of the paper is that the volume coarsely behaves like the minima of the $L^1$-energy of maps from $(S,h)$ to $(S,h')$. The study of $L^p$-type energies had been suggested by Thurston, in contrast with the well-studied Lipschitz distance. A corollary of our result shows that the volume of maximal globally hyperbolic Anti-de Sitter manifolds is bounded from above by the exponential of (any of the two) Thurston's Lipschitz asymmetric distances, up to some explicit constants. Although there is no such bound from below, we provide examples in which this behavior is actually realized. We prove instead that the volume is bounded from below by the exponential of the Weil-Petersson distance. The proof of the main result uses more precise estimates on the behavior of the volume, which is proved to be coarsely equivalent to the length of the (left or right) measured geodesic lamination of earthquake from $(S,h)$ to $(S,h')$, and to the minima of the holomorphic 1-energy.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures. Final version
Additional file 1 of The impact of enhanced screening for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in an acute care hospital in South Korea
Creators: name: Park, Sun Hee
name: Yi, Yunmi
name: Suh, Woosuck
name: Ji, Seul Ki
name: Han, Eunhee
name: Shin, Soyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 60506
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Bit Partitioning Schemes for Multicell Zero-Forcing Coordinated Beamforming
Creators: name: Agrawal, Pranav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we have studied the bit partitioning schemes for the multicell multiple-input and single-output (MISO) infrastructure. Zero forcing beamforming is used to null out the interference signals and the random vector quantization, quantizes the channel vectors. For minimal feedback period (MFP), the upper bound of rate loss is calculated and optimal bit partitioning among the channels is shown. For adaptive feedback period scheme (AFP), joint optimization schemes of feedback period and bit partitioning are proposed. Finally, we compare the sum rate efficiency of each scheme and conclude that minimal feedback period outperforms other schemes.
description: Accepted and presented in IEEE-ICIIS 2016
A mechanism for discovering semantic relationships among agent communication protocols
Creators: name: Berges, Idoia
name: Bermúdez, Jesús
name: Goñi, Alfredo
name: Illarramendi, Arantza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One relevant aspect in the development of the Semantic Web framework is the achievement of a real inter-agents communication capability at the semantic level. Agents should be able to communicate with each other freely using different communication protocols, constituted by communication acts. For that scenario, we introduce in this paper an efficient mechanism presenting the following main features: - It promotes the description of the communication acts of protocols as classes that belong to a communication acts ontology, and associates to those acts a social commitment semantics formalized through predicates in the Event Calculus. - It is sustained on the idea that different protocols can be compared semantically by looking to the set of fluents associated to each branch of the protocols. Those sets are generated using Semantic Web technology rules. - It discovers the following types of protocol relationships: equivalence, specialization, restriction, prefix, suffix, infix and complement_to_infix.
description: The final published version of this paper can be found in Idoia Berges, Jes\'us Berm\'udez, Alfredo Go\~ni, Arantza Illarramendi. 2011. A mechanism for discovering semantic relationships among agent communication protocols. Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems 23(3): 453-485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10458-010-9154-1. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2401.11841