cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Turtle Evolution Symposium 2018 Japan
Creators: name: Hirayama, Ren
name: Kuratani, Shigeru
name: Takahashi, Akio
name: Nakajima, Yasuhisa
name: Sonoda, Teppei
name: Nishioka, Yuichiro
name: Yoshida, Masataka
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolution , Entstehung und Geschichte der Lebewesen , Entwicklung , Fossil , Fossilien , Schildkröten
subject: 000
subject: 570

description: Abstract and Program of the Turtle Evolution Symposium 2018 in Tokyo, Japan
Parental influences on adolescent physical activity: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Ornelas, India J
name: Perreira, Krista
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Physical inactivity is increasing among adolescents in the U.S., especially among girls. Despite growing evidence that parents are an important influence on adolescent health, few longitudinal studies have explored the causal relationship between parental influence and physical activity. This study examines how the relationships between parental influences and adolescent physical activity differ by gender and tests whether these relationships are mediated by adolescents' self-esteem and depression. Methods Data are from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The sample includes 13,246 youth, grades 7 to 12, interviewed in 1995 and again 1 year later. Logit models were used to evaluate parental influences on achieving five or more bouts of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week [MVPA] and whether the relationship between parental influence and MVPA was mediated by adolescents' level of self-esteem and depression. Results Family cohesion, parent-child communication and parental engagement positively predicted MVPA for both genders one year later (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for females, 1.09 [1.05–1.12], 1.13 [1.07–1.19], 1.25 [1.17–1.33] and males, 1.08 [1.04–1.11], 1.14 [1.07–1.23], 1.23 [1.14–1.33], respectively); however, parental monitoring did not (odds ratio and confidence intervals for females and males, 1.02 [.97–1.07]). For both females and males, self-esteem mediated the relationship between parental influence and physical activity. Depressive symptoms were only a mediator among males. Females reported higher levels of parent-child communication and lower family cohesion compared with males. There were no gender differences in levels of parental monitoring and engagement. Females had significantly lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of depressive symptoms than males. Conclusion Strategies to promote physical activity among adolescents should focus on increasing levels of family cohesion, parental engagement, parent-child communication and adolescent self-esteem.
Generation of high-energy electron-positron beams in the collision of a laser-accelerated electron beam and a multi-petawatt laser
Creators: name: Lobet, Mathieu
name: Davoine, Xavier
name: d'Humières, Emmanuel
name: Gremillet, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of antimatter via the multiphoton Breit-Wheeler process in an all-optical scheme will be made possible on forthcoming high-power laser facilities through the collision of wakefield-accelerated GeV electrons with a counter-propagating laser pulse with $10^{22}$-$10^{23}$ $\mathrm{Wcm}^{-2}$ peak intensity. By means of integrated 3D particle-in-cell simulations, we show that the production of positron beams with 0.1-1 nC total charge, 100-400 MeV mean energy and 0.01-0.1 rad divergence is within the reach of soon-to-be-available laser systems. The variations of the positron beam's properties with respect to the laser parameters are also examined.
Trends in gastroenteritis-associated mortality in the United States, 1985–2005: variations by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes
Creators: name: Smith, Genee S
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background Trends in gastroenteritis-associated mortality are changing over time with development of antibiotic resistant strains of certain pathogens, improved diagnostic methods, and changing healthcare. In 1999, ICD-10 coding was introduced for mortality records which can also affect trends. We assess trends in gastroenteritis-associated mortality and changes associated with coding. Methods Trends in gastroenteritis-associated mortality rates in the United States were examined using the National Center for Health Statistics Multiple Cause-of-Death Mortality databases for 1985–2005. All deaths with the underlying cause or any contributing cause included gastroenteritis were included. Cases were selected based on ICD9 (pre-1999) and ICD10 (1999–2005) codes and all analyses were stratified by ICD usage. Annual trends in age adjusted mortality rates were assessed using linear regression spline analysis. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Poisson regression adjusted for age group, sex, race, and region. Results There were a total of 190,674 deaths related to gastroenteritis in the U.S. from 1985–2005 with an average of 9,080 per year. During this time the percent of deaths related to gastroenteritis more than tripled, increasing from 0.25% to 0.80% of all deaths. Though the time periods varied in length, we demonstrate a significant increase in slope from a 0.0054% annual increase during the period 1985–1998, when ICD-9 coding was used, to a 0.0550% annual increase during 1999–2005, when ICD-10 coding was used. For both time periods, the oldest age group (75+ years) demonstrated the highest risk of death due to gastroenteritis. Additionally, males demonstrated higher risk than females and blacks were at higher risk than whites for death due to gastroenteritis. Conclusions This analysis demonstrates the public health burden of gastroenteritis-associated mortality in the United States and changes in trends due to change from ICD-9 to ICD-10 coding. The overall rate of gastroenteritis-associated mortality has more than tripled over the 21-year period from 1985 to 2005 and the primary burden of deaths due to gastroenteritis is in the elderly population.
On the Public Communication Needed to Achieve SK Capacity in the Multiterminal Source Model
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Manuj
name: Kashyap, Navin
name: Sankarasubramaniam, Yogesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The focus of this paper is on the public communication required for generating a maximal-rate secret key (SK) within the multiterminal source model of Csisz{á}r and Narayan. Building on the prior work of Tyagi for the two-terminal scenario, we derive a lower bound on the communication complexity, $R_{\text{SK}}$, defined to be the minimum rate of public communication needed to generate a maximal-rate SK. It is well known that the minimum rate of communication for omniscience, denoted by $R_{\text{CO}}$, is an upper bound on $R_{\text{SK}}$. For the class of pairwise independent network (PIN) models defined on uniform hypergraphs, we show that a certain "Type $\mathcal{S}$" condition, which is verifiable in polynomial time, guarantees that our lower bound on $R_{\text{SK}}$ meets the $R_{\text{CO}}$ upper bound. Thus, PIN models satisfying our condition are $R_{\text{SK}}$-maximal, meaning that the upper bound $R_{\text{SK}} \le R_{\text{CO}}$ holds with equality. This allows us to explicitly evaluate $R_{\text{SK}}$ for such PIN models. We also give several examples of PIN models that satisfy our Type $\mathcal S$ condition. Finally, we prove that for an arbitrary multiterminal source model, a stricter version of our Type $\mathcal S$ condition implies that communication from \emph{all} terminals ("omnivocality") is needed for establishing a SK of maximum rate. For three-terminal source models, the converse is also true: omnivocality is needed for generating a maximal-rate SK only if the strict Type $\mathcal S$ condition is satisfied. Counterexamples exist that show that the converse is not true in general for source models with four or more terminals.
description: Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1504.00629
Broadly, independent-tunable, dual-wavelength mid-infrared ultrafast optical parametric oscillator
Creators: name: Jin, Yuwei
name: Cristescu, Simona M.
name: Harren, Frans J. M.
name: Mandon, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a two-crystal mid-infrared dual-wavelength optical parametric oscillator, synchronously pumped by a high power femtosecond Yb:fiber laser. The singly-resonant ring cavity, containing two periodically poled lithium niobate crystals, is capable of generating two synchronized idler wavelengths, independently tunable over 30 THz in the 2.9 - 4.2 μm wavelength region, due to the cascaded quadratic nonlinear effect. The independent tunability of the two idlers makes the optical parametric oscillator a promising source for ultrafast pulse generation towards the THz wavelength region, based on different frequency generation. In addition, the observed frequency doubled idler within the crystal indicates the possibility to realize a broadband optical self-phase locking between pump, signal, idler and higher order generated parametric lights.
Ultra-Structure database design methodology for managing systems biology data and analyses
Creators: name: Giddings, Morgan C.
name: Maier, Christopher W
name: Hemminger, Bradley M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Background Modern, high-throughput biological experiments generate copious, heterogeneous, interconnected data sets. Research is dynamic, with frequently changing protocols, techniques, instruments, and file formats. Because of these factors, systems designed to manage and integrate modern biological data sets often end up as large, unwieldy databases that become difficult to maintain or evolve. The novel rule-based approach of the Ultra-Structure design methodology presents a potential solution to this problem. By representing both data and processes as formal rules within a database, an Ultra-Structure system constitutes a flexible framework that enables users to explicitly store domain knowledge in both a machine- and human-readable form. End users themselves can change the system's capabilities without programmer intervention, simply by altering database contents; no computer code or schemas need be modified. This provides flexibility in adapting to change, and allows integration of disparate, heterogenous data sets within a small core set of database tables, facilitating joint analysis and visualization without becoming unwieldy. Here, we examine the application of Ultra-Structure to our ongoing research program for the integration of large proteomic and genomic data sets (proteogenomic mapping). Results We transitioned our proteogenomic mapping information system from a traditional entity-relationship design to one based on Ultra-Structure. Our system integrates tandem mass spectrum data, genomic annotation sets, and spectrum/peptide mappings, all within a small, general framework implemented within a standard relational database system. General software procedures driven by user-modifiable rules can perform tasks such as logical deduction and location-based computations. The system is not tied specifically to proteogenomic research, but is rather designed to accommodate virtually any kind of biological research. Conclusion We find Ultra-Structure offers substantial benefits for biological information systems, the largest being the integration of diverse information sources into a common framework. This facilitates systems biology research by integrating data from disparate high-throughput techniques. It also enables us to readily incorporate new data types, sources, and domain knowledge with no change to the database structure or associated computer code. Ultra-Structure may be a significant step towards solving the hard problem of data management and integration in the systems biology era.
title: Orgelwerke und Prospektgestaltung in Thüringer Schlosskapellen - Visualisierung sakraler Musikinstrumente im höfischen Kontext
Creators: name: Buchstab, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: Sakrale Musikinstrumente
Music
Musik
Kirchengeschichte
Orgel
Schlosskapellen
Kirchenmusik
Musikinstrumente

description: Orgelwerke und Prospektgestaltung in Thüringer Schlosskapellen : Visualisierung sakraler Musikinstrumente im höfischen Kontext.
title: Imaging Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis in Children
Creators: name: Rueda Mejía, Angelica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Abscess
subject: Complications
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Bones

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Osteomyelitis in pediatric patients is an important disease, because children are constantly growing and if the infection reaches the physis and epiphysis(because of the delayed diagnosis),serious sequelae may appear. Some of them are growth...
title: Labor Market Shocks and Monetary Policy
Creators: name: Birinci, Serdar
name: Karahan, Fatih
name: Mercan, Yusuf
name: See, Kurt
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2023

description: We develop a heterogeneous-agent New Keynesian model featuring a frictional labor market with on-the-job search to quantitatively study the positive and normative implications of employer-to-employer (EE) transitions for inflation. We find that EE dynamics played an important role in shaping the differential inflation dynamics observed during the Great Recession and COVID-19 recoveries, with the former exhibiting subdued EE transitions and inflation despite both episodes sharing similar unemployment dynamics. The optimal monetary policy prescribes a strong positive response to EE fluctuations, implying that central banks should distinguish between recovery episodes with similar unemployment but different EE dynamics.
description: Nous mettons au point un modèle néokeynésien à agents hétérogènes intégrant un marché du travail frictionnel avec recherche d’emploi en cours d’emploi. Notre objectif est d’étudier de façon quantitative les implications positives et normatives des transitions d’employeur à employeur pour l’inflation. Nous constatons que ces transitions ont contribué de façon importante aux différentes dynamiques d’inflation observées durant les reprises qui ont suivi la Grande Récession et la pandémie de COVID-19. Bien que la dynamique du chômage ait été similaire dans les deux cas, les transitions d’employeur à employeur et l’inflation ont été moins marquées pendant la reprise post-pandémie. La politique monétaire optimale exige une forte réponse positive face aux fluctuations des transitions d’employeur à employeur. Par conséquent, les banques centrales devraient aborder différemment les reprises durant lesquelles la dynamique de ces transitions diffère malgré une dynamique de chômage similaire.
Ten years of the Hunter Outcome Survey (HOS): insights, achievements, and lessons learned from a global patient registry
Creators: name: Muenzer, Joseph
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II; Hunter syndrome; OMIM 309900) is a rare lysosomal storage disease with progressive multisystem manifestations caused by deficient activity of the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase. Disease-specific treatment is available in the form of enzyme replacement therapy with intravenous idursulfase (Elaprase®, Shire). Since 2005, the Hunter Outcome Survey (HOS) has collected real-world, long-term data on the safety and effectiveness of this therapy, as well as the natural history of MPS II. Individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of MPS II who are untreated or who are receiving/have received treatment with idursulfase or bone marrow transplant can be enrolled in HOS. A broad range of disease- and treatment-related information is captured in the registry and, over the past decade, data from more than 1000 patients from 124 clinics in 29 countries have been collected. Evidence generated from HOS has helped to improve our understanding of disease progression in both treated and untreated patients and has extended findings from the formal clinical trials of idursulfase. As a long-term, global, observational registry, various challenges relating to data collection, entry, and analysis have been encountered. These have resulted in changes to the HOS database platform, and novel approaches to maximize the value of the information collected will also be needed in the future. The continued evolution of the registry should help to ensure that HOS provides further insights into the burden of the disease and patient care and management in the coming years.
Virtuality and Transverse Momentum Dependence of Pion Distribution Amplitude
Creators: name: Radyushkin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe basics of a new approach to transverse momentum dependence in hard exclusive processes. We develop it in application to the transition process γ^* γ-> π^0 at the handbag level. Our starting point is coordinate representation for matrix elements of operators (in the simplest case, bilocal O (0,z) ) describing a hadron with momentum p. Treated as functions of (pz) and z^2, they are parametrized through virtuality distribution amplitudes (VDA) Φ(x, σ), with x being Fourier-conjugate to (pz) and σLaplace-conjugate to z^2. For intervals with z^+=0, we introduce the transverse momentum distribution amplitude (TMDA) Ψ(x, k_\perp), and write it in terms of VDA Φ(x, σ). The results of covariant calculations, written in terms of Φ(x, σ) are converted into expressions involving Ψ(x, k_\perp). Starting with scalar toy models, we extend the analysis onto the case of spin-1/2 quarks and QCD. We propose simple models for soft VDAs/TMDAs, and use them for comparison of handbag results with experimental (BaBar and BELLE) data on the pion transition form factor. We also discuss how one can generate high-k_\perp tails from primordial soft distributions.
description: 34 pages, a few typos fixed
title: Initial phantom study comparing image quality in computed tomography using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V)
Creators: name: Kwon, Hee Jin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Computer applications
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: * Introduction The recent computed tomography (CT) has raised concern about the increased risk for patient radiation exposure. Dose reduction have limited by increased image noise and degraded image quality with using tradiational reconstruction...
title: Retroperitoneal masses
Creators: name: Dutra, Sofia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: History
subject: Localisation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Abscess
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this poster is to review various retroperitoneal masses of our institution and the imaging features, with emphasis on CT imaging findings. The anatomy of the retroperitoneal space is briefly...
Heavy metal ions removal from oil wastewater using highly enhanced Chitosan membrane technology: a response surface methodology study
Creators: name: Fundji, Wato N.
name: Igberase, Ephraim
name: Osifo, Peter O.
name: Kabuba, John
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: This paper investigates the removal of heavy metal ions from oily wastewater using enhanced Chitosan Membrane. Cellulose and gelatin have been used successfully to modify chitosan. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X - Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize chitosan. We looked at the impacts of pH solution and conductivity. To eliminate the heavy metals, adsorption study was conducted. Results showed removal percentages higher than 90% especially when the initial pH is 7.50 and the volume of Hexane is 12 mL. Conductivities of wastewater were positive and negative depending on whether the medium is acidic and basic respectively and values higher than +260 mV and lower than –340 mV were observed. Experiments were designed employing Central Composite Design (CCD) of the Response Surface Methodology to examine the effects of experimental conditions (RSM). R2 values for analysis of variances of Cu2+, Fe2+, and Pb2+ were all almost the same at 0.99. The quadratic models appeared significant and adequate in evaluating the experimental results. The differences in experimental and projected % Removal values were negligible for all models. The 3D response surface plots that resulted permitted paired analysis of variable impacts on each response model.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 51 (2022)
German language questionnaires for assessing implementation constructs and outcomes of psychosocial and health-related interventions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Schultes, Marie-Therese
name: Kien, Christina
name: Szelag, Monika
name: Gartlehner, Gerald
name: Schoberberger, Rudolf
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Over the past years, implementation science has gained more and more importance in German-speaking countries. Reliable and valid questionnaires are needed for evaluating the implementation of evidence-based practices. On an international level, several initiatives focused on the identification of questionnaires used in English-speaking countries but limited their search processes to mental health and public health settings. Our aim was to identify questionnaires used in German-speaking countries measuring the implementation of interventions in public health and health care settings in general and to assess their psychometric properties.
                Methods
                We searched five different bibliographic databases (from 1985 to August 2017) and used several other search strategies (e.g., reference lists, forward citation) to obtain our data. We assessed the instruments, which were identified in an independent dual review process, using 12 psychometric rating criteria. Finally, we mapped the instruments’ scales and subscales in regard to the constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Implementation Outcome Framework (IOF).
                Results
                We identified 31 unique instruments available for the assessment of implementation science constructs. Hospitals and other health care settings were the ones most often investigated (23 instruments), while education and childcare settings, workplace settings, and community settings lacked published instruments. Internal consistency, face and content validity, usability, and structural validity were the aspects most often described. However, most studies did not report on test-retest reliability, known-groups validity, predictive criterion validity, or responsiveness. Overall, the majority of studies did not reveal high-quality instruments, especially regarding the psychometric criteria internal consistency, structural validity, and criterion validity. In addition, we seldom detected instruments operationalizing the CFIR domains intervention characteristics, outer setting, and process, and the IOF constructs adoption, fidelity, penetration, and sustainability.
                Conclusions
                Overall, a sustained and continuous effort is needed to improve the reliability and validity of existing instruments to new ones. Instruments applicable to the assessment of implementation constructs in public health and community settings are urgently needed.
                Trial registration
                The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO on October 19, 2017, under the following number:
                    CRD42017075208
                  .
title: Cavitary Lung Lesions - A diagnostic approach
Creators: name: Dutra, Sofia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Abscess
subject: Localisation
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognize the imaging findings characteristics of the cavitary lung lesions, in the several imaging methods, focusing on chest computed tomography with a review of the several conditions that are included in the differential diagnosis and...
Distribution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia on the cervix in Chinese women: pooled analysis of 19 population based screening studies
Creators: name: Smith, Jennifer
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background Controversy remains whether a pattern of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia exists on the cervix. Our study aims at determining if the prevalence of histologically proven lesions differs by cervical four-quadrant location or by 12 o'clock surface locations of diagnosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective, histopathological study of 19 different population based cervical cancer screening studies from 1999 to 2010 by Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The Institutional Review Board for human research subjects at CHCAMS approved all of the studies. During the colposcopy procedure, participant received either 4-quadrant biopsy or directed biopsy with/without endocervical curettage. Data of all samples were stratified by the methods of sampling. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine overall distribution of normal/CIN1, CIN2 and CIN3+ on the cervix. Results In total, 53,088 cervical samples were included in distribution analysis. 66.9 % samples were obtained by random biopsy, 16.1 % were by directed biopsy, and 17.0 % were by endocervical curettage. 95.9%of the biopsied samples were diagnosed as normal/CIN1, 2.0 % were CIN2, and 2.1 % were CIN3 + . CIN2 and CIN3+ were most often found in quadrants 2 and 3 (χKW2 = 46.6540, p < 0.0001) and at the 4- and 7-o'clock positions by directed biopsy (ORCIN2 = 2.572, 1.689, ORCIN3+ = 3.481, 1.678, respectively), and at the 5-, 6-, 7-, 9- and 12-o’clock positions by random biopsy. CIN3+ was least often found at the 11-o’clock position by directed biopsy (OR = 0.608). Conclusions Our results suggest a predisposition of specific locations on the cervix to CIN occurrence. Quadrants 2 and 3, especially the 4- and 7-o’clock positions should be preferentially targeted during biopsy. The decision for random biopsy should be reconsidered in future studies.
Language Informativity: Lexical information in the representation of categories
Creators: name: Djalal, Farah
name: Voorspoels, Wouter
name: Heyman, Tom
name: Storms, Gert
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: In the present study, we will examine whether people’s representations of classes of objects in the world, are influenced by the language they speak. For example, in English, a sunflower is a type of flower, a bumblebee is closely related to bees, a goldfish is a type of fish and a blackbird is a type of bird. In what follows, we will refer to this as “lexical information”, that is, information regarding the meaning of a word that follows from the word itself, because the word is a combination of constituents of which at least one has a meaning in the language.
title: A new predictive index for back muscle degeneration and sagittal alignment associated with aging
Creators: name: Takayama, Kazushi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: It is widely accepted that maintaining both lumbar lordosis and paraspinal muscle function is important in the prevention of low back pain. However, age-related sarcopenia is becoming a common problem in aging societies. It has been reported that...
Planning for missing middle housing: an alternative option for combating housing crisis in Jeddah city
Creators: name: Almaimani, Ayad
name: Rahaman, Khan
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has been experiencing a rapid urban growth in the recent decades with intense demand on housing. Government policies are trying to revise strategies to supply more housing units in order to meet the exerting pressure of housing demand, and enhancing the living standard for the urbanites in Jeddah city. In doing so, increasing the population density in missing middle housing units at neighborhoods in Jeddah can be critical to enhance livability index of the city. This study, emphasizes the need of introducing missing middle housing units in Jeddah city upon consulting the residents. In doing so, we have adopted a scientific research method to obtain information from the urbanites by conducting an online survey to the local residents of Jeddah (n = 116). Results demonstrate that 87% of the respondents are Saudi citizens in comparison to 13% Non-Saudis. Also, preferences are given to the courtyard types of building by the residents of Jeddah for their future investments in buying or renting a housing unit. Furthermore, this study may provide the choices of residents regarding missing-middle types of housing units and relevant organizations may introduce policies and strategies to meet up the growing housing demand in Jeddah city.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 51 (2022)
Giant permanent dipole moment of 2D excitons bound to a single stacking fault
Creators: name: Karin, Todd
name: Linpeng, Xiayu
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Durnev, M. V.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Harvey, Sarah
name: Rai, Ashish K.
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Fu, Kai-Mei C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magneto-optical properties of excitons bound to single stacking faults in high-purity GaAs. We find that the two-dimensional stacking fault potential binds an exciton composed of an electron and a heavy-hole, and confirm a vanishing in-plane hole $g$-factor, consistent with the atomic-scale symmetry of the system. The unprecedented homogeneity of the stacking-fault potential leads to ultra-narrow photoluminescence emission lines (with full-width at half maximum ${\lesssim 80~μ\text{eV} }$) and reveals a large magnetic non-reciprocity effect that originates from the magneto-Stark effect for mobile excitons. These measurements unambiguously determine the direction and magnitude of the giant electric dipole moment (${\gtrsim e \cdot 10~\text{nm}}$) of the stacking-fault exciton, making stacking faults a promising new platform to study interacting excitonic gases.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures plus supplement
The more Product Complexity, the more Actual Effort? An Empirical Investigation into Software Developments
Creators: name: Li, Zheng
name: O'Brien, Liam
name: Yang, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: [Background:] Software effort prediction methods and models typically assume positive correlation between software product complexity and development effort. However, conflicting observations, i.e. negative correlation between product complexity and actual effort, have been witnessed from our experience with the COCOMO81 dataset. [Aim:] Given our doubt about whether the observed phenomenon is a coincidence, this study tries to investigate if an increase in product complexity can result in the abovementioned counter-intuitive trend in software development projects. [Method:] A modified association rule mining approach is applied to the transformed COCOMO81 dataset. To reduce noise of analysis, this approach uses a constant antecedent (Complexity increases while Effort decreases) to mine potential consequents with pruning. [Results:] The experiment has respectively mined four, five, and seven association rules from the general, embedded, and organic projects data. The consequents of the mined rules suggested two main aspects, namely human capability and product scale, to be particularly concerned in this study. [Conclusions:] The negative correlation between complexity and effort is not a coincidence under particular conditions. In a software project, interactions between product complexity and other factors, such as Programmer Capability and Analyst Capability, can inevitably play a "friction" role in weakening the practical influences of product complexity on actual development effort.
title: MRI characteristics of posterior cranial fossa malformations.
Creators: name: Cabaj, Astra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental disease
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: A wide spectrum of congenital anomalies affects posterior cranial fossa structures. The purpose of this exhibit is to demonstrate developmental pathologies of the posterior cranial...
Pedogeochemical assessment of wetland soils in Hadejia- Jama’are river basin in the Nigerian Sahel savanna
Creators: name: Aliyu, Murabbi
name: Nuhu, Okomoni Isa
name: Saminu, Abdulrahman Ibrahim
name: Azare, Isa Magaji
name: Abdurkadir, Mustapha
name: Abdu, Nafiu
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: Understanding the pedo-geochemical assessment of wetland soils in the Hadejia/Jama`are river basin in the Sahel savannah of Nigeria is paramount for efficiently planning the long-term sustainable use of the wetlands and is paramount for reliably estimating soil contamination. Namely, five (5) different wetland sites were selected; Masama 1 and 2, Sinamu 1 and 2, and Tandanu while one from the Drylands of Tandanu. A pit was excavated to a depth of 1.5 m at each site, except where there is an elevated water table or impenetrable stratum, and soil samples were collected from three identifiable horizons (Bt2, Bt1, and Ap, respectively). The results of principal component and cluster analysis showed that total and labile Pb, total Zn, and labile Cr were considered the most influential heavy elements for identifying pedogenic and sedimentological processes in the wetlands of the study area. It also showed that Pb, Zn, and Cr came from the same source in all soils examined. Therefore, we concluded that the soils in all the wetlands studied are at high risk of toxic effects from Pb and Zn contamination. It is strongly recommended that heavy metals be decontaminated at all surveyed sites before further use for agricultural purposes.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 51 (2022)
Opportunities and challenges associated with municipal solid waste disposal: A case study of Malawian cities
Creators: name: Njewa, Joel
name: Majamanda, James
name: Biswick, Timothy Tiwonge
name: Mpeketula, Placid Mike Gabriel
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: Malawi, as a developing country, faces serious environmental and health challenges associated with waste generation, transportation and disposal. Currently, available waste services rendered to the public are not sufficient to accommodate all residents in all cities due to rapid urban population growth. This paper highlights challenges that hinder effective municipal solid waste handling in Malawi. The literature survey has shown that existing dumping sites are in a bad state and do not meet the required standards, thereby posing danger to the diversity, ecological systems, environment and public health. Waste reduction through recycling of organic wastes into farmyard manure, plastic and metals exist on a small scale among some households and they are getting income. The challenges associated with municipal waste management are inadequate funding, lack of disposal infrastructure, weak enforcement of rules and regulations and the use of inappropriate vehicles for waste transportation. The activities such as the conversion of waste to energy, civic educating of residents, promoting recycling activities, expanding waste collection services to all residents and opening new engineered landfills and sufficient funding of municipalities would upscale waste management process.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 51 (2022)
Extended temporal Lugiato-Lefever equation and the effect of conjugate fields in optical resonator frequency combs
Creators: name: Loures, Cristian Redondo
name: Faccio, Daniele
name: Biancalana, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the infinite-dimensional Ikeda map, we derive an extended temporal Lugiato-Lefever equation that may account for the effects of the conjugate electromagnetic fields (also called `negative frequency fields'). In the presence of nonlinearity in a ring cavity, these fields lead to new forms of modulational instability and resonant radiations. Numerical simulations based on the new extended Lugiato-Lefever model show that the negative-frequency resonant radiations emitted by ultrashort cavity solitons can impact Kerr frequency comb formation in externally pumped temporal optical cavities of small size. Our theory is very general, is not based on the slowly-varying envelope approximation, and the predictions are relevant to all kinds of resonators, such as fiber loops, microrings and microtoroids.
title: Comparison of MRI features of psoas muscles in patients with/without paraspinal muscle atrophy
Creators: name: Kita, Teruo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geriatrics
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: We have already reported that the cross-sectional area (CSA) of paraspinal muscles tends to decrease with age, that our new index (the T-back value: depth of the groove between paraspinal muscles relative to the length of the body of the muscles at...
The ethics of talking about ‘HIV cure’
Creators: name: Tucker, Joseph
name: Rennie, Stuart
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background In 2008, researchers reported that Timothy Brown (the ‘Berlin Patient’), a man with HIV infection and leukemia, received a stem-cell transplant that removed HIV from his body as far as can be detected. In 2013, an infant born with HIV infection received anti-retroviral treatment shortly after birth, but was then lost to the health care system for the next six months. When tested for HIV upon return, the child (the ‘Mississippi Baby’) had no detectable viral load despite cessation of treatment. These remarkable clinical developments have helped reinvigorate the field of ‘HIV cure’ research. Discussion Although this research field is largely in a pre-clinical phase, talk about curing HIV has become a regular feature in the global mass media. This paper explores the language of HIV cure from philosophical, ethical and historical perspectives. Examination of currently influential definitions of ‘functional’ and ‘sterilizing’ HIV cure reveal that these conceptualizations are more complicated than they seem. Cure is often understood in narrowly biomedical terms in isolation from the social and psychological dimensions of illness. Contemporary notions of HIV cure also inherit some of the epistemic problems traditionally associated with cures for other health conditions, such as cancer. Efforts to gain greater conceptual clarity about cure lead to the normative question of how ‘HIV cure research’ ought to be talked about. Summary We argue that attention to basic concepts ethically matter in this context, and identify advantages as well as potential pitfalls of how different HIV/AIDS stakeholders may make use of the concept of cure. While concepts other than cure (such as remission) may be appropriate in clinical contexts, use of the word cure may be justified for other important purposes in the struggle against HIV/AIDS.
Types of biomass burning in South East Asia and its impact on health
Creators: name: Chaturvedi, Sadashiv
name: Mansi
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2022

description: The frequency and severity of forest fires in Southeast Asia (SEA) have increased significantly since the 1960s, and particularly since the 1980s. Due to climate change and land - use changes, biomass burning have become more ubiquitous. Biomass burning (BB) is a significant issue of the Earth system that profoundly affects and being affected by global climate patterns, vegetation cover, and anthropogenic activities, and this is a major contributor of air pollution at numerous scales, from the local to the global. SEA fires are results from a variety of factors of both natural, the El Niño southern oscillation weather pattern and anthropogenic factors. It has been observed that the frequency and severity of BB episodes, such as excessive pollution, and haze, increase rapidly in ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) years, 1997/1998, 2006, 2009 and 2015 are some the examples in which such changes were witnessed. Rice straw open burning contributed the most to total crop residue open burning emissions, accounting for 19-97% which varies from species to species, which is responsible for episodic regional haze events in various parts of SEA. Peat swamp forest has been intensively logged and drained for monoculture cultivation, production of tree crops such as oil palm and Acacia species, and for farming and agribusinesses on both commercial and small scales. As a consequence, a drastic fall has been witnessed in the Southeast Asian peatland forest cover between 1990 to 2015 it has declined from 76% in 1990 to 29% in 2015. Despite the region’s high incidence of fires, there has been lack of scientific research on biomass burning and its impacts in SEA than other parts of the world. This review focuses on biomass burning related issues in Southeast Asia, focusing on the types of fires that occur and the natural and human factors that cause them.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 50 (2022)
Global vs local energy dissipation: the energy cycle of the turbulent von Kármán flow
Creators: name: Kuzzay, Denis
name: Faranda, Davide
name: Dubrulle, Bérengère
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the relations between global and local energy transfers in a turbulent von Kármán flow. The goal is to understand how and where energy is dissipated in such a flow and to reconstruct the energy cycle in an experimental device where local as well as global quantities can be measured. We use PIV measurements and we model the Reynolds stress tensor to take subgrid scales into account. This procedure involves a free parameter that is calibrated using angular momentum balance. We then estimate the local and global mean injected and dissipated power for several types of impellers, for various Reynolds numbers and for various flow topologies. These PIV estimates are then compared with direct injected power estimates provided by torque measurements at the impellers. The agreement between PIV estimates and direct measurements depends on the flow topology. In symmetric situations, we are able to capture up to 90% of the actual global energy dissipation rate. However, our results become increasingly inaccurate as the shear layer responsible for most of the dissipation approaches one of the impellers, and cannot be resolved by our PIV set-up. Finally, we show that a very good agreement between PIV estimates and direct measurements is obtained using a new method based on the work of Duchon and Robert which generalizes the Kármán-Howarth equation to nonisotropic, nonhomogeneous flows. This method provides parameter-free estimates of the energy dissipation rate as long as the smallest resolved scale lies in the inertial range. These results are used to evidence a well-defined stationary energy cycle within the flow in which most of the energy is injected at the top and bottom impellers, and dissipated within the shear layer. The influence of the mean flow geometry and the Reynolds number on this energy cycle is studied for a wide range of parameters.
The progress and prospect of environmental impact assessment system in India: from 1994 to 2020 notification
Creators: name: Islam, Ziaul
name: Wang, Shuwei
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2022

description: In this short communication, we review the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) law of India from the 1994 to 2020 amendments. Our study shows that the EIA system of India is undergoing a transitional period. In the 1994 EIA Notification, public hearings are included that ensure the voice of the general people in decision-making for sustainable development. A reverse scenario has been seen in the EIA Notification of 2006 and 2020, respectively, where public participation is almost overlooked, and the high interests of the proponents are taken into consideration. Issues like post-facto clearance and limiting public consultations regarding the proposed projects are the biggest obstacles in EIA Notification 2020. Our study also reveals that although the recent amendment quickens obtaining the Environmental Clearance (EC), it brings forth other problems like corruption, lack of transparency, false and fabricated data, poor monitoring etc that hinder the way of effective EIA system in India.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 50 (2022)
Odd partitions in Young's lattice
Creators: name: Ayyer, Arvind
name: Prasad, Amritanshu
name: Spallone, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A17, 05E10, 20C30

description: We show that the subgraph induced in Young's graph by the set of partitions with an odd number of standard Young tableaux is a binary tree. This tree exhibits self-similarities at all scales, and has a simple recursive description.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, available from http://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~slc/wpapers/s75prasad.html