cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing between Rooted and Rootless Detachments: A Case Study from the Mormon Mountains of Southeastern Nevada
Creators: name: Anders, Mark H.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Walker, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Environmental geology
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Rooted detachment faults and detachments beneath rootless slide blocks exhibit many similar structural characteristics. However, while rooted detachments are thought to penetrate into the midcrust and to accommodate significant crustal extension, rootless detachments break to the surface downdip and are not directly involved in such extension. Distinguishing between these two mechanically different kinds of structure is central to the assessment of extension magnitude. Here we examine deformation along the Mormon Peak detachment, a feature that has been cited as an example of both a rooted and a rootless structure. Located in the Mormon Mountains of southeastern Nevada, this detachment has been interpreted as one of three low‐angle normal faults of regional scale that together are thought to have accommodated more than 50 km of Basin and Range extension. For the most part, however, the Mormon Peak detachment is expressed as a series of isolated exposures where Paleozoic rocks are in brittle fault contact with nonmylonitized underlying rocks. Individual blocks contain high‐angle normal faults that terminate downward at their respective detachment surfaces, yielding a geometry common to both modes of emplacement. In order to test between these competing interpretations, we studied deformational characteristics close to the detachment surface, reasoning that a seismogenic fault ought to differ fundamentally from a surficial slide block, particularly if the slide block was emplaced in a single event rather than by protracted or episodic creep. An examination of the contact mapped as the Mormon Peak detachment reveals that the character of deformation is indistinguishable from that of known gravity‐driven slide blocks and is fundamentally different from that associated with seismically cycled faults. Moreover, the orientation of kinematic indicators observed at detachment surfaces is consistently close to the downdip direction, which in many places diverges strongly from the expected direction of movement in the rooted detachment model. We conclude that outcrops of the inferred upper plate of the Mormon Peak detachment represent an assemblage of individual rootless gravity‐driven slide blocks and not the erosional remnants of a formerly contiguous extensional allochthon. If similar misidentifications have been made elsewhere in the Basin and Range Province, total Cenozoic extension may have been significantly overestimated. Implications for the interpretation of extensional geology in general are far‐reaching.
The quarterly demand for Australian imports : a simple quarterly econometric model of Australia to explain imports
Creators: name: Jessup, RMB
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this thesis is to establish the significance of the factors that determine the volume of Australian imports. An econometric model is constructed which is simple in form as it does not include price or income equations for the economy. All estimating equations are linear and all variables aggregates. Results are obtained by the simple single equation least squares method from 30 quarterly observations covering the period 1958/59 to the second quarter of 1965/66. The relatively small number of Observations is a limiting factor but they cover the end of a boom, a recession and a recovery of the economy. They also cover a number of periods when artificial limitations were imposed on the demand for imports. These were in the form of import licensing controls. Such a diversity of conditions is rarely found in the space of only 30 quarters. Although the number of periods is rather small for the purposes of statistical estimation the conclusions are based on data that covers a wide variety of circumstances. Therefore it will be unlikely that the results of the study will be biased through the prolonged existence of one set of economic conditions. The final import function enables the conclusion to be reached that 96.4% of the variation in the total imports of goods and services in any quarter to be explained by the independent variables in the function.
Evolution and spread of Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex alphavirus in the Americas
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Americas
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Culex
Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine
Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine
Evolution, Molecular
Horse Diseases
Horses
Humans
Insect Vectors
Phylogeny

description: © 2017 The Library of Science. All Rights Reserved. Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphaviruses are important re-emerging arboviruses that cause life-threatening disease in equids during epizootics as well as spillover human infections. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of VEE complex alphaviruses by sequencing the genomes of 94 strains and performing phylogenetic analyses of 130 isolates using complete open reading frames for the nonstructural and structural polyproteins. Our analyses confirmed purifying selection as a major mechanism influencing the evolution of these viruses as well as a confounding factor in molecular clock dating of ancestors. Times to most recent common ancestors (tMRCAs) could be robustly estimated only for the more recently diverged subtypes; the tMRCA of the ID/IAB/IC/II and IE clades of VEE virus (VEEV) were estimated at ca. 149–973 years ago. Evolution of the IE subtype has been characterized by a significant evolutionary shift from the rest of the VEEV complex, with an increase in structural protein substitutions that are unique to this group, possibly reflecting adaptation to its unique enzootic mosquito vector Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus. Our inferred tree topologies suggest that VEEV is maintained primarily in situ, with only occasional spread to neighboring countries, probably reflecting the limited mobility of rodent hosts and mosquito vectors.
title: Detection of Abnormal Milk with Impedance Microbiology Instrumentation
Creators: name: Khayat, Fahad Ali Abdulghany
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1986

description: Mastitic milk was detected by obtaining conductance measurements using an impedance microbiology Bactometer® 120 SC instruments. Conductance readings taken after 30 min at 25'C separated normal and abnormal milks when readings differed by more than 3% from the variance among instrument module wells. Samples blended from four quarters of a cow indicated milk from one quarter was abnormal if the salt level in the abnormal quarter raised the blend conductivity above that of normal samples and variance among the wells. Either solid or liquid substrates that contained bacterial stimulants could be used to accelerate bacterial acid production or to reduce impedance detection times, each without adversely affecting the ability to detect abnormal milk. However, measurements with liquid substrates varied with the volume of sample in the well. Results suggested that a fixed volume of one ml be used. Such a volume would allow simultaneous detection of abnormal milk and bacterial load on the same sample.
Universality and chaoticity in ultracold K+KRb chemical reactions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
0307 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry

description: © The Author(s) 2017. A fundamental question in the study of chemical reactions is how reactions proceed at a collision energy close to absolute zero. This question is no longer hypothetical: quantum degenerate gases of atoms and molecules can now be created at temperatures lower than a few tens of nanokelvin. Here we consider the benchmark ultracold reaction between, the most-celebrated ultracold molecule, KRb and K. We map out an accurate ab initio ground-state potential energy surface of the K2Rb complex in full dimensionality and report numerically-exact quantum-mechanical reaction dynamics. The distribution of rotationally resolved rates is shown to be Poissonian. An analysis of the hyperspherical adiabatic potential curves explains this statistical character revealing a chaotic distribution for the short-range collision complex that plays a key role in governing the reaction outcome.
Studies in radical theory for restricted classes of rings
Creators: name: McConnell, N R
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is a study of radical ideals in restricted domains of associative rings. The first chapter introduces a generalisation of the concept of strictness, and studies, for a given radical class, the class of rings for which the radical is hereditary and/or strict (in the general sense). This leads to some results on embedding radical classes in generalised strict radical classes, and on degrees of hereditariness of radical classes. In the second chapter, the ideals of a ring which can be radical ideals are studied, with characterisations being given for Dedekind domains and some of their extension rings. This characterises radical ideals for a fairly wide class of integral domains, and thus goes some way toward characterising supernilpotent radical ideals of commutative rings. In the third chapter, a study is made of radical classes of commutative rings, with a characterisation being given of the strongly hereditary strict radicals, and the implications of restricting to commutativity are considered for some other results and problems. There is also an investigation of the permanent radical ‚ÄövÑvÆ that is, the part of the radical of a ring which remains as part of the radical of any extension ‚ÄövÑvÆ for more general classes of rings. The thesis thus gives an insight into the behaviour of radical classes within single rings rather than globally, which gives us more information about the nature of radical classes.
Terminology of Geological Time: Establishment of a Community Standard
Creators: name: Aubry, Marie-Pierre
name: Van Couvering, John A.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Landing, Ed
name: Pratt, Brian R.
name: Owen, Donald E.
name: Ferrusquía-Villafranca, Ismael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: History
subject: Paleontology

description: It has been recommended that geological time be described in a single set of terms and according to metric or SI (“Système International d’Unités”) standards, to ensure “worldwide unification of measurement”. While any effort to improve communication in scientific research and writing is to be encouraged, we are also concerned that fundamental differences between date and duration, in the way that our profession expresses geological time, would be lost in such an oversimplified terminology. In addition, no precise value for ‘year’ in the SI base unit of second has been accepted by the international bodies.Under any circumstances, however, it remains the fact that geological dates – as points in time – are not relevant to the SI. Known dates may define durations, just as known durations may define dates, or dates may simply be punctual references that support historical narratives, but dates are not quantities. Furthermore, dates, as datum points, belong to a specific type of guiding information that is in constant use not only by the disciplines that explore the unwritten past, but in the physical sciences and engineering as well. Accordingly, we recommend a new standardization of the distinction between geohistorical date, in years before present expressed in ‘annus’, symbol ‘a’,with the multiples ‘ka’, ‘Ma’, and ‘Ga’ for thousands, millions and billions of years ago, according to a convention that has been very widely adopted during the last 30 years, and geohistorical duration, expressed in ‘year’, symbol ‘yr’, with multiples ‘kyr’, ‘Myr’ and ‘Gyr’, respectively, as the most appropriate among the various formats in the current literature. Agreement on these two sets of terms throughout the wide community that deals with paleochronology would remove a false impression of improvisation and uncertainty as to appropriate terminology, and would lead to more effective communication in areas where a simplified but needlessly SI-conisistent terminology would be less, not more useful.
Characterizing the malaria rural-to-urban transmission interface: The importance of reactive case detection
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Adolescent
Adult
Animals
Anopheles
Child
Colombia
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Female
Genetic Variation
Genotype
Humans
Interviews as Topic
Malaria
Male
Microscopy
Middle Aged
Molecular Epidemiology
Mosquito Vectors
Plasmodium
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Rural Population
Urban Population
Young Adult

description: © 2017 Molina Gómez et al. Background: Reported urban malaria cases are increasing in Latin America, however, evidence of such trend remains insufficient. Here, we propose an integrated approach that allows characterizing malaria transmission at the rural-to-urban interface by combining epidemiological, entomological, and parasite genotyping methods. Methods/Principal findings: A descriptive study that combines active (ACD), passive (PCD), and reactive (RCD) case detection was performed in urban and peri-urban neighborhoods of Quibdó, Colombia. Heads of households were interviewed and epidemiological surveys were conducted to assess malaria prevalence and identify potential risk factors. Sixteen primary cases, eight by ACD and eight by PCD were recruited for RCD. Using the RCD strategy, prevalence of 1% by microscopy (6/604) and 9% by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (52/604) were found. A total of 73 houses and 289 volunteers were screened leading to 41 secondary cases, all of them in peri-urban settings (14% prevalence). Most secondary cases were genetically distinct from primary cases indicating that there were independent occurrences. Plasmodium vivax was the predominant species (76.3%, 71/93), most of them being asymptomatic (46/71). Urban and peri-urban neighborhoods had significant sociodemographic differences. Twenty-four potential breeding sites were identified, all in peri-urban areas. The predominant vectors for 1,305 adults were Anopheles nuneztovari (56,2%) and An. Darlingi (42,5%). One An. nuneztovari specimen was confirmed naturally infected with P. falciparum by ELISA. Conclusions: This study found no evidence supporting the existence of urban malaria transmission in Quibdó. RCD strategy was more efficient for identifying malaria cases than ACD alone in areas where malaria transmission is variable and unstable. Incorporating parasite genotyping allows discovering hidden patterns of malaria transmission that cannot be detected otherwise. We propose to use the term “focal case” for those primary cases that lead to discovery of secondary but genetically unrelated malaria cases indicating undetected malaria transmission.
Bounds for the ratio of two gamma functions--From Gautschi's and Kershaw's inequalities to completely monotonic functions
Creators: name: Qi, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A48, 26A51, 26D07, 26D20, 33B15, 33D05, 65R10

description: In this expository and survey paper, along one of main lines of bounding the ratio of two gamma functions, we look back and analyse some inequalities, the complete monotonicity of several functions involving ratios of two gamma or $q$-gamma functions, the logarithmically complete monotonicity of a function involving the ratio of two gamma functions, some new bounds for the ratio of two gamma functions and divided differences of polygamma functions, and related monotonicity results.
description: 19 pages
How to guide: Public Dialogue
Creators: name: Martinez-Sanchez Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Public dialogue, open science, public engagement

description: A public dialogue is a qualitative research process during which public audiences interact with a variety of experts to deliberate on issues relevant to future strategy or policy decisions. A public dialogue provides an opportunity for organisations to gather public views to inform their activities so that they are aligned with society, particularly relevant for publicly funded research organisations. They should provide a balanced view of the topic, include factual information, and space to discuss opinions and societal/ethical considerations. Dialogues give everyone the chance to speak, to question and be questioned, to develop their own views and opinions, allowing in- depth discussions and offer insight into the reasoning behind people’s decisions.
Synchronous Deglacial Overturning and Water Mass Source Changes
Creators: name: Roberts, Natalie L.
name: Piotrowski, Alexander M.
name: McManus, Jerry F.
name: Keigwin, Lloyd D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Ocean circulation
subject: Climatic changes

description: Understanding changes in ocean circulation during the last deglaciation is crucial to unraveling the dynamics of glacial-interglacial and millennial climate shifts. We used neodymium isotope measurements on postdepositional iron-manganese oxide coatings precipitated on planktonic foraminifera to reconstruct changes in the bottom water source of the deep western North Atlantic at the Bermuda Rise. Comparison of our deep water source record with overturning strength proxies shows that both the deep water mass source and the overturning rate shifted rapidly and synchronously during the last deglacial transition. In contrast, any freshwater perturbation caused by Heinrich event 1 could have only affected shallow overturning. These findings show how changes in upper-ocean overturning associated with millennial-scale events differ from those associated with whole-ocean deglacial climate events.
Precisely tuneable energy transfer system using peptoid helix-based molecular scaffold
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biomimetics
Energy Transfer
Metalloporphyrins
Methylene Chloride
Molecular Structure
Peptoids
Photosynthesis
Porphyrins
Toluene
Ultraviolet Rays

description: © 2017 The Author(s). The energy flow during natural photosynthesis is controlled by maintaining the spatial arrangement of pigments, employing helices as scaffolds. In this study, we have developed porphyrin-peptoid (pigment-helix) conjugates (PPCs) that can modulate the donor-acceptor energy transfer efficiency with exceptional precision by controlling the relative distance and orientation of the two pigments. Five donor-acceptor molecular dyads were constructed using zinc porphyrin and free base porphyrin (Zn(i + 2)-Zn(i + 6)), and highly efficient energy transfer was demonstrated with estimated efficiencies ranging from 92% to 96% measured by static fluorescence emission in CH2Cl2 and from 96.3% to 97.6% using femtosecond transient absorption measurements in toluene, depending on the relative spatial arrangement of the donor-acceptor pairs. Our results suggest that the remarkable precision and tunability exhibited by nature can be achieved by mimicking the design principles of natural photosynthetic proteins.
The intrinsic load-resisting capacity of kinesin
Creators: name: Zheng, Wenwei
name: Fan, Dagong
name: Feng, Min
name: ZhisongWang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional kinesin is a homodimeric motor protein that is capable of walking unidirectionally along a cytoskeletal filament. While previous experiments indicated unyielding unidirectionality against an opposing load up to the so-called stall force, recent experiments also observed limited processive backwalking under superstall loads. This theoretical study seeks to elucidate the molecular mechanical basis for kinesin's steps over the full range of external loads that can possibly be applied to the dimer. We found that kinesin's load-resisting capacity is largely determined by a synergic ratchet-and-pawl mechanism inherent in the dimer. Load susceptibility of this inner molecular mechanical mechanism underlies kinesin's response to various levels of external loads. Computational implementation of the mechanism enabled us to rationalize major trends observed experimentally in kinesin's stalemate and consecutive back steps. The study also predicts several distinct features of kinesin's load-affected motility, which are seemingly counterintuitive but readily verifiable by future experiment.
description: 44 pages, 6 figures
Lidar Monitoring of Phytoplankton and Organic Matter in the Inner Seas of Europe
Creators: name: Chekalyuk, Alexander M.
name: Demidov, A. A.
name: Fadeev, V. V.
name: Gorbunov, M. Yu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry, Organic

description: A condensed review of applications of lidar-fluorosensor technique in the European inner seas is presented in the paper. The main objects of lidar monitoring were phytoplankton and organic matter ("yellow substance" and oil pollutions). The general principles of the oceanographic lidar technique and instrumentation are discussed, and results of profiling and mapping in the Baltic, Mediterranean and Black Seas (1980 - 1991) are analyzed. The advantages of lidars are defined by their capacity for active remote high-frequency sampling at space/time scales intermediate between satellite and shipboard observation.
COMPLETE ACTIVITY ANALYSIS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT ASSET THEORY
Creators: name: Nurmanov, Ulugbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: It is devoted to problems describing the aspects related to the comparative analysis of fixed asset analysis, the method of forming fixed asset, the full use of fixed asset in the business unit and the management of the asset, and the management models of fixed assets. As a result of the type of economic change that is growing in the country, significant changes are occurring, and in turn, the globalization of  Uzbekistan is increasing its impact on the economy. As a result, the influence of the joint venture capital and other economic joint ventures on capital value and working capital is changing.
Maternal depression attenuates newborn vitamin D concentrations in winter-spring: a prospective population-based study
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Adult
Depression
Female
Fetal Blood
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Prospective Studies
Seasons
Vitamin D

description: We aimed to investigate whether the newborns of mothers with maternal depression (MD) had lower vitamin D levels than newborns of non-MD (NMD) mothers and identify the potential mechanism underlying this association. Maternal depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and concentrations of cord blood 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured in 1491 mother-infant pairs. Data on maternal sociodemographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle and birth outcomes were prospectively collected. For infants born in winter-spring, the infants of MD mothers had significantly reduced concentrations of 25(OH) D (adjusted β = -3.51 nmol/L; 95% CI: -6.19, -0.84; P = 0.010) and lower birth weight (3267 ± 470 g vs 3348 ± 598 g, F = 4.64, P = 0.031), compared with the infants of NMD mothers. A significant, inverse linear relationship was noted between maternal depression scores and the concentration of 25(OH)D for infants born in winter-spring (adjusted β = -0.158; 95% CI: -0.259, -0.057). The significant, inverse linear relationship between maternal depression scores and fetomaternal ratios of 25(OH) D was also observed among the infants born in winter-spring (adjusted β = -0.005; 95% CI: -0.008, -0.003). MD appears to significantly attenuate the vitamin D concentrations and birth weight of infants born in winter-spring. A decreased fetomaternal ratio of 25(OH)D might be involved in this biological pathway.
Volcanism: Eruptions and Extinctions
Creators: name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Paleontology
subject: Paleoclimatology

description: Fossils from southern China provide evidence for a mass extinction during middle Permian time, 260 million years ago. The close association of this event with an outpouring of lava, initially into the sea, indicates that explosive volcanism may have been the cause.
title: Nutritional Intake and Physical Activity of an Adult Population with Diabetes Mellitus Using the Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Pump
Creators: name: Matheny, Teresa Jean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1987

description: This study described three days of dietary intake, physical activity, and glycemic control in 14 female and eight male adult diabetics using Continuos Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII). Changes in weight after initiation of CSII were also described.
Dietary intakes were analyzed using the NUTREDFO computer program then compared to established standards. Both sexes had mean intakes of zinc, folate, vitamin B6, and magnesium below the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA, 1980) for age and sex. Female consumption of iron and total calories consumed were also below recommendations. When dietary intakes were analyzed on a nutrient per 1,000 kcal basis men had intakes of zinc and folate below recommended levels, but met suggested allowances for other nutrients. Women still had suboptimal intakes of zinc, folate, iron, and, to a lesser extent, vitamin B6 and magnesium.
Mean protein intake was within the recommendation range outlined by the American Diabetes Association (ADA, 1979), but above levels suggested in a 1987 (ADA) update. Intake of total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and cholesterol were above and carbohydrate was below recommended levels (ADA, 1987).
No significant differences between the mean dietary intake of an age and sex matched group of females from this study and the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II, 1983) were noted.
When variability in caloric and carbohydrate intake was examined no significant differences between days were found.
Mean energy expenditures were higher than estimated levels for the general population. Activities were often reported in fairly large blocks of time, thus changes in activity on a minute to minute basis nay not have been accurately described.
Mean blood glucose was near normal on all three days of the study. However, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, done within two months of the study period, were elevated in seven out of 18 subjects.
Weight gain is often reported after initiation of CSII. The women in this study showed a net increase of 3.13 lbs after changing to CSII. However, men lost an average of 1.79 lbs after starting pump therapy.
To the extent that this population is indicative of CSII users as a whole it was concluded that education, directed at increasing dietary intake of foods rich in zinc, folate, magnesium, and vitamin B6 for both sexes and iron intake for females, would be beneficial. Information on appropriate ways to comply with the dietary recommendations of the ADA (1987) and to offset the weight gain often associated with CSII may also be useful to the pump wearer.
Timing observations of the Vela pulsar, PSR0833-45
Creators: name: Klekociuk, AR
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The analysis is presented of pulse arrival time measurements of the Vela pulsar, PSR0833-45, obtained principally from near-daily observations conducted at the Llanherne Radiophysics Observatory (LRO) between October, 1981, and September, 1986. During this interval, the secular decrease in the rotation rate of the pulsar was interrupted by glitch events which occurred in October, 1981, August, 1982, and July, 1985. Each glitch was accompanied by an abrupt change in rotation frequency of fractional magnitude Aviv -2x10‚ÄövÖ¬™‚ÄövÖ‚àÇ of which less than 10% decayed within a subsequent interval of one year. The characteristics of these events were similar to those reported for the four previous glitches of the Vela pulsar. However, because of the regularity of the LRO observations, sufficient post-jump data were obtained to allow the reappraisal of the existing glitch models. The timing obtained immediately prior to each glitch were found to be completely devoid of any distinctive precursor signatures above the level of measurement noise, even to within one hour of the July, 1985, glitch. In addition, there were no significant changes in the characteristics of the radio emission about the time of each glitch. The timing signature of each glitch was investigated in terms of the existing viable models. The two-component model was rejected on the grounds of its inability to account for the long term relaxation behaviour. In addition, there was no evidence of the decoupling time predicted by the vortex creep model. The phase noise on timescales less than 6 hours was found to exhibit excess power in comparison with the expectation from measurement uncertainties. There was no evidence for any significant systematic behaviour of the autocorrelation function of the phase fluctuations with respect to time lag. Evidence was found that the excess noise has a power-law dependence on observing frequency, which may be a result of magnetospheric processes. Dual frequency measurements made between March and September, 1986, have for the first time enabled the character of short timescale variations in the dispersion delay along the path to the pulsar to be determined. The measurements are consistent with the motion of the line-of-sight through a region of inhomogeneous plasma located within the Gum Nebula.
Relation between stress heterogeneity and aftershock rate in the rate-and-state model
Creators: name: Helmstetter, Agnès
name: Shaw, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mechanics
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: We estimate the rate of aftershocks triggered by a heterogeneous stress change, using the rate-and-state model of Dieterich. We show that an exponential stress distribution Pτ(τ) ~ exp(−τ/τ0) gives an Omori law decay of aftershocks with time ~ 1/tp, with an exponent p = 1 − Aσn/τ0, where A is a parameter of the rate-and-state friction law and σn is the normal stress. Omori exponent p thus decreases if the stress “heterogeneity” τ0 decreases. We also invert the stress distribution Pτ(τ) from the seismicity rate R(t), assuming that the stress does not change with time. We apply this method to a synthetic stress map, using the (modified) scale invariant “k2” slip model (Herrero and Bernard). We generate synthetic aftershock catalogs from this stress change. The seismicity rate on the rupture area shows a huge increase at short times, even if the stress decreases on average. Aftershocks are clustered in the regions of low slip, but the spatial distribution is more diffuse than for a simple slip dislocation. Because the stress field is very heterogeneous, there are many patches of positive stress changes everywhere on the fault. This stochastic slip model gives a Gaussian stress distribution but nevertheless produces an aftershock rate which is very close to Omori's law, with an effective p ≤ 1, which increases slowly with time. We obtain a good estimation of the stress distribution for realistic catalogs when we constrain the shape of the distribution. However, there are probably other factors which also affect the temporal decay of aftershocks with time. In particular, heterogeneity of Aσn can also modify the parameters p and c of Omori's law. Finally, we show that stress shadows are very difficult to observe in a heterogeneous stress context.
Community-based human-elephant conflict mitigation: The value of an evidence-based approach in promoting the uptake of effective methods
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Agriculture
Animals
Conservation of Natural Resources
Elephants
Human Activities
Humans
Indonesia

description: © 2017 Gunaryadi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Human-elephant conflict (HEC) is a serious threat to elephants and can cause major economic losses. It is widely accepted that reduction of HEC will often require community-based methods for repelling elephants but there are few tests of such methods. We tested community-based crop-guarding methods with and without novel chili-based elephant deterrents and describe changes in farmers' willingness to adopt these methods following our demonstration of their relative effectiveness. In three separate field-trials that took place over almost two years (October 2005-May 2007) in two villages adjacent to Way Kambas National Park (WKNP) in Indonesia, we found that community-based crop-guarding was effective at keeping Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) out of crop fields in 91.2% (52 out of 57), 87.6% (156 out of 178), and 80.0% (16 out of 20) of attempted raids. Once the method had been shown to be effective at demonstration sites, farmers in 16 villages around WKNP voluntarily adopted it during the July 2008 to March 2009 period and were able to repel elephants in 73.9% (150 out of 203) of attempted raids, with seven villages repelling 100% of attempted raids. These 16 villages had all experienced high levels of HEC in the preceding years; e.g. they accounted for >97% of the 742 HEC incidents recorded for the entire park in 2006. Our work shows, therefore, that a simple evidence-based approach can facilitate significant reductions in HEC at the protected area scale.
Ultrastructure of Diplophrys parva, a New Small Freshwater Species, and a Revised Analysis of Labyrinthulea (Heterokonta)
Creators: name: Anderson, O. Roger
name: Cavalier-Smith, Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology

description: We describe Diplophrys parva n. sp., a freshwater heterotroph, using fine structural and sequence evidence. Cells are small (L = 6.5 ± 0.08, W = 5.5 ± 0.06 µm; mean ± SE) enclosed by an envelope/theca of overlapping scales, slightly oval to elongated-oval with rounded ends, (1.0 × 0.5–0.7 µm), one to several intracellular refractive granules (~ 1.0–2.0 µm), smaller hyaline peripheral vacuoles, a nucleus with central nucleolus, tubulo-cristate mitochondria, and a prominent Golgi apparatus with multiple stacked saccules (~ 10). It is smaller than published sizes of Diplophrys archeri (~ 10–20 µm), modestly less than Diplophrys marina (~ 5–9 µm), and differs in scale size and morphology from D. marina. No cysts were observed. We transfer D. marina to a new genus Amphifila as it falls within a molecular phylogenetic clade extremely distant from that including D. parva. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence, Labyrinthulea are revised to include six new families, including Diplophryidae for Diplophrys and Amphifilidae containing Amphifila. The other new families have distinctive morphology: Oblongichytriidae and Aplanochytriidae are distinct clades on the rDNA tree, but Sorodiplophryidae and Althorniidae lack sequence data. Aplanochytriidae is in Labyrinthulida; the rest are in Thraustochytrida; Labyrinthomyxa is excluded.
title: Manufacture of White Soft Cheese from Ultrafiltered Whole Milk Retentate
Creators: name: Shammet, Khalid Mohamed
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1986

description: Manufacture of white soft cheese from ultrafiltered whole cows• milk involved acidification of pasteurized homogenized whole milk to pH 6.0 with phosphoric or citric acid. The preacidified milk was ultrafiltered at 54 °C until 60% of original milk weight was removed as permeate, diafiltered with deionized water equal to 38.5% of the original milk and concentrated by UF (4.8 fold) to pre-cheese (38% total solid). The pre-cheese was heated to 76.7°C/16 sec, 71 .l°C/l6 sec (HTST) and 7l.l°C/l5 min (controlled water bath), inoculated with 2% starter culture (Streptococcus cremoris), renneted (10 ml/100 lb retentate) and placed in one pound plastic containers in which coagulation took place (8-10 min). Salt (1 .5%) was added on the top of parchment paper placed under the lid, and the curd was incubated at 85°F. The most acceptable cheese was from ultrafiltered retentate heated for 16 sec at 76.7°C before cheese making. Organoleptic tests showed that samples highest in calcium content ranked highest in acceptability. Acidification with citric acid removed more calcium than phosphoric acid and resulted in softer cheese than the control cheese (non-acidified). Slight bitterness was observed when excessive starter and low salt (NaCl) concentration were used. Addition of salt to the retentate prior to heating caused thickening of the retentate before 70°C was reached. Extending the heating time increased the tendency toward mealiness in the cheese.
Infinitely many symmetries and conservation laws for quad-graph equations via the Gardner method
Creators: name: Rasin, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of the Gardner method for generation of conservation laws to all the ABS equations is considered. It is shown that all the necessary information for the application of the Gardner method, namely Bäcklund transformations and initial conservation laws, follow from the multidimensional consistency of ABS equations. We also apply the Gardner method to an asymmetric equation which is not included in the ABS classification. An analog of the Gardner method for generation of symmetries is developed and applied to discrete KdV. It can also be applied to all the other ABS equations.
Gustave Planche's art criticism and his role in the contemporary critique of the Academie des beaux arts, the Ecole des beaux arts (Paris and Rome), and the Salon during the July monarchy
Creators: name: Holmes, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: I would particularly like to thank my supervisor, Professor Barry Rose, and Professor Michael Roe of the Department of History, University of Tasmania, for their generous and patient support during the time this thesis took to write. Dr Fred Levine, School of Art, University of Tasmania, read the thesis in its first draft and also offered me a number of valuable suggestions regarding the re-organisation of its structure for which I have been most grateful. The bulk of the research, particularly for Chapters 1, 4, 5 and 6, was carried out during a three-month visit to Paris in 1988, for which I would like to thank Mr Geoff Parr, Director, Tasmanian School of Art. I received a great deal of assistance from the staff of the Departement des Estampes at the Bibliotheque Nationale during the stay in Paris. Back in Hobart, the Centre for the Arts Library staff, particularly Mrs Meg Taylor and Ms Gill Ward, have been extremely generous with their time and on numerous occasions provided bibliographical assistance. Finally, Suzette Holmes not only read the text critically but helped to solve several difficult translation problems. I must claim authorship of the translated quotes with all of their faults, however she offered many suggestions for which I am very grateful.
The Taylor-Spence Drive theory on a competitive versus noncompetitive paired-associate learning task
Creators: name: Wood, Earle William Harold
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Taylor-Spence Drive (D) theory was investigated by comparing performance of high anxiety (HA), medium anxiety (MA) and low anxiety (LA) Ss, as measured by the Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, on the test list of both a response-equivalence paradigm (A-B, A-C) and a control paradigm (D-B, A-C). The Ss were 60 grade six boys. The paired-associate learning tasks were designed to detect the debilitating effects of associative-stage competition in the experimental group for HA, MA and LA Ss respectively. A two (experimental conditions) by three (anxiety levels) by six (repeated trials) analysis of variance was performed on the data. There is a significant difference in performance between experimental and control groups on the test list (A-C), p < .0005. There are several trends favourable to the Taylor-Spence D theory but chance factors could have been involved since none of the hypotheses generated from the theory reached the .05 significance level. The first favourable trend is that HA and MA Ss' performance tends to be superior to LA Ss' in the control group on the test list (A-C). Also, HA Ss' performance is inferior to LA Ss' in the experimental group on the test list (A-C) giving support to the interaction hypothesis.
Additional file 1 of Ribosomal protein RPL5 regulates colon cancer cell proliferation and migration through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway
Creators: name: Zhang, Huahua
name: Liu, Junli
name: Dang, Qingqing
name: Wang, Xueru
name: Chen, Jie
name: Lin, Xiaoyin
name: Yang, Na
name: Du, Juan
name: Shi, Haiyan
name: Liu, Yong
name: Han, Jiming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
title: Ultrafiltration: Retentate-Permeate Partitioning of Milk Constituents
Creators: name: Bastian, Eric Douglas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1987

description: The effect of ultrafiltration, diafiltration, and preacidification of milk on the partition of specific milk components between retentate and permeate was studied. Percent retention (for any component Y) was determined as:
[ l - (%Y in soln. permeate/%Y in soln. retentate)] X 100 where %Y in soln. = [%Y/(%Y + %H 20)]
Simultaneous samples of retentate and permeate were taken at several points during each process. Percent retention of total solids, fat, total protein, rennet clottable nitrogen, lactose, total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, phosphorous, and riboflavin was determined at each sampling point. Percent retention of β-carotene, vitamin B12, retinol, and zinc was determined at different stages of ultrafiltration only.
As UF proceeded, percent retention of total solids, total protein, total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, phosphorous, and riboflavin increased. Percent retention of lactose was not affected and was 0-4%. Percent retention of fat, rennet clottable nitrogen, zinc, retinal, β-carotene, and vitamin B12 was 99-100%. As diafiltration proceeded, percent retention of total solids, lactose, total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, phosphorous, and riboflavin increased. Percent retention of these nutrients was increased when compared to ultrafiltration alone.
Milks with lower pH values (resulting from preacidification) also had lower percent retention of total calcium and phosphorous than milks with normal pH values. Percent retention of sodium was lower during ultrafiltration and diafiltration of acidified milk when compared to ultrafiltration and diafiltration of normal milk. Percent retention of other nutrients was not affected by acidification.
Loss of whey proteins into permeate resulted in a lower recovery of total protein after diafiltration than ultrafiltration alone and ultrafiltration of acidified milk. These proteins were determined to be α-lactogobulin and β-lactogobulin.
Finger narrowing under local perturbations in the Saffman-Taylor problem
Creators: name: Zocchi, Giovanni
name: Shaw, Bruce E.
name: Libchaber, Albert
name: Kadanoff, Leo P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Physics
Mechanics

description: We present an experimental study and a numerical simulation of the effect of time-independent, localized perturbations applied to the interface in the Saffman-Taylor fingering problem. When the perturbation is applied at a specific spot near the tip of the finger, the selection of the steady-state shape is drastically changed. In particular, one can obtain fingers with a width well below λ=1/2. A perturbation applied far away from the tip has no effect. We observe the same behavior in the simulation and in the experiment.
ÇOCUK GELİŞİMİ BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN GECİKMİŞ DİL VE KONUŞMA FARKINDALIĞININ BELİRLENMESİ
Creators: name: KARABULUT, NİSA NUR
name: KIRBAŞ, HİLAL
name: BEKİRCAN, SELİN
name: NACAK, EMEL BENGÜ
name: ÇİFTÇİOĞLU, NESİBE RUMEYSA
name: TİTREK, MELİKE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: speech and language therapy
dil ve konuşma terapisi
delayed speech
gecikmiş konuşma
çocuk gelişimi
child development

description: Araştırma modeli olarak anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacına uygun olması ve kısa zamanda geniş bir örnekleme ulaşabilmesi nedeniyle bu araştırma modeli tercih edilmiştir. Katılımcılar İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Çocuk Gelişimi Bölümünde okuyan lisans öğrencileridir. Otuz bir sorudan oluşan farkındalık anketi katılımcılarla yüz yüze yapılmıştır. Anketlerin her biri yaklaşık on beş dakika sürecek şekilde yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak anket çalışma grubundaki altı kişi tarafından hazırlanan gecikmiş dil ve konuşma farkındalık anketi uygulanmıştır.
title: Effects of Starter Cultures on Short-to Medium-Chain Free Fatty Acid Content and Sensory Properties of Mutton Summer Sausage
Creators: name: Essiaw-Quayson, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1987

description: The effects of starter cultures on short- to medium-chain free fatty acid contents am sensory attributes of different batches of summer sausages were determined. The summer sausages were from range ram mutton, and formulated after grinding to contain 23% fat. Commercial starter cultures from different sources, including Micrococcus varians or Micrococcus species and Lactobacillus plantarum, commercial microbial lipase, an indigenous Micrococcus isolate or encapsulated lactic acid were used to prepare the summer sausages. Three batches were made, each batch receiving six different treatments.
Three consumer panels evaluated the sausages for acceptability and a trained screened panel evaluated the products using the flavor profile test. Encapsulated lactic acid treatment significantly improved the sensory acceptability of the sausages. Presence of mutton flavor was not detected in indigenous Micrococcus isolate and L. plantarum treatment.
Gas chromatography was used to quantify all short- to medium-chain fatty acids from the sausages. Common fatty acids, C6 through C12, were identified by retention data. Increased C6 and C8 levels due to addition of lipase were associated with increase in mutton and rancidity flavors of the product. The relationships among the level of major fatty acids and the sensory parameters were mostly negative.