cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Stakeholder perceptions of prisoner learning
Creators: name: Oxford, MA
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: This study focussed on prisoner learning within Tasmanian adult prisons. This thesis was undertaken to explore understandings and perceptions from various stakeholder groups in order to provide rich data from a range of perspectives. The major focus of this thesis was on both formal and informal learning and explored the issue of what prisoners reportedly learn from the lived experience of prison; from other prisoners, staff and service providers and seeks to understand and report stakeholders' views of what learning is 'valued'. Stakeholders who participated in this case study ranged from those in relevant institutional positions, such as Police, Community Corrections Officers, through to formerly incarcerated persons, to employees of organisations who work with prisoners in education and support services, and related groups such as members of the legal profession and politicians. Participants were chosen through purposive and snowball sampling. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured questions using both telephone and face-to-face interviews of approximately one hour. The data indicate that despite the difficulties, there are lives which are changed in positive ways; however, unfortunately for others the experience of prison is damaging, harmful and leads to increased anti-social behaviours. The experience of incarceration through the social, organisational, environmental, individual and learning systems all have a significant impact on what prisoners learn during incarceration. Often the skills required to survive the current prison regime work against prisoners leading pro-social lives once released. Ensuring prisoners spend their time engaged in pro-social activities, facilitating community interaction and family contact, along with improving the social environment of prison are all important elements of supporting personal change. This thesis will be of interest for those involved in prisoner rehabilitation and learning, policy makers and politicians, court authorities, and members of the community who wish to be informed of how those involved in this important activity perceive the present situation.
Unusual sellar lesions mimicking a pituitary neuroendocrine tumour (PitNET)
Creators: name: Pizzimenti, Cristina
name: Franchina, Mariausilia
name: Fiorentino, Vincenzo
name: Cannavò, Salvatore
name: Ferraù, Francesco
name: Ieni, Antonio
name: Fadda, Guido
name: Tuccari, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti - Classe di Scienze Medico-Biologiche
Year: 2022
Subjects: PitNET; sellar lesions; hypophysitis; meningioma

description: Sellar region hosts a wide range of different types of lesions. Most of these lesions present with mass effect symptoms and, often, with symptoms related to hormonal disturbances, mimicking a pituitary neuroendocrine tumour (PitNET). We report two cases of sellar lesions with clinical and radiological features suggestive for PitNET. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis led to a diagnosis respectively for lymphocytic hypophysitis (LH) and meningioma.
description: Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti - Classe di Scienze Medico-Biologiche, V. 110, N. 2 (2022)
Thermal-error regime in high-accuracy gigahertz single-electron pumping
Creators: name: Zhao, R.
name: Rossi, A.
name: Giblin, S. P.
name: Fletcher, J. D.
name: Hudson, F. E.
name: Möttönen, M.
name: Kataoka, M.
name: Dzurak, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-electron pumps based on semiconductor quantum dots are promising candidates for the emerging quantum standard of electrical current. They can transfer discrete charges with part-per-million (ppm) precision in nanosecond time scales. Here, we employ a metal-oxide-semiconductor silicon quantum dot to experimentally demonstrate high-accuracy gigahertz single-electron pumping in the regime where the number of electrons trapped in the dot is determined by the thermal distribution in the reservoir leads. In a measurement with traceability to primary voltage and resistance standards, the averaged pump current over the quantized plateau, driven by a \mbox{$1$-GHz} sinusoidal wave in the absence of magnetic field, is equal to the ideal value of $ef$ within a measurement uncertainty as low as $0.27$~ppm.
Quantum impurity with 2/3 local moment in 1D quantum wires: an NRG study
Creators: name: Almeida, P. A.
name: Manya, M. A.
name: Figueira, M. S.
name: Ulloa, S. E.
name: Anda, E. V.
name: Martins, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Kondo state that is strongly influenced by its proximity to an w^-1/2 singularity in the metallic host density of states. This singularity occurs at the bottom of the band of a 1D chain, for example. We first analyze the non-interacting system: A resonant state e_d, located close to the band singularity, suffers a strong `renormalization', such that a bound state is created below the bottom of the band in addition to a resonance in the continuum. When e_d is positioned right at the singularity, the spectral weight of the bound state is 2/3, irrespective of its coupling to the conduction electrons. The interacting system is modeled using the Single Impurity Anderson Model, which is then solved using the Numerical Renormalization Group method. We observe that the Hubbard interaction causes the bound state to suffer a series of transformations, including level splitting, transfer of spectral weight, appearance of a spectral discontinuity, changes in binding energy (the lowest state moves farther away from the bottom of the band), and development of a finite width. When e_d is away from the singularity and in the intermediate valence regime, the impurity occupancy is lower. As e_d moves closer to the singularity, the system partially recovers Kondo regime properties, i.e., higher occupancy and lower Kondo temperature T_K. The impurity thermodynamic properties show that the local moment fixed point is also strongly affected by the existence of the bound state. When e_d is close to the singularity, the local moment fixed point becomes impervious to charge fluctuations (caused by bringing e_d close to the Fermi energy), in contrast to the local moment suppression that occurs when e_d is away from the singularity. We also discuss an experimental implementation that shows similar results to the quantum wire, if the impurity's metallic host is an armchair graphene nanoribbon.
description: 15 pages, 24 figures
(500488) John Watson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Theory of the n=2 levels in muonic helium-3 ions
Creators: name: Franke, Beatrice
name: Krauth, Julian J.
name: Antognini, Aldo
name: Diepold, Marc
name: Kottmann, Franz
name: Pohl, Randolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present knowledge of Lamb shift, fine-, and hyperfine structure of the 2S and 2P states in muonic helium-3 ions is reviewed in anticipation of the results of a first measurement of several $\mathrm{2S\rightarrow2P}$ transition frequencies in the muonic helium-3 ion, $\mathrm{μ^3He^+}$. This ion is the bound state of a single negative muon $μ^-$ and a bare helium-3 nucleus (helion), $\mathrm{^3He^{++}}$. A term-by-term comparison of all available sources, including new, updated, and so far unpublished calculations, reveals reliable values and uncertainties of the QED and nuclear structure-dependent contributions to the Lamb shift and the hyperfine splitting. These values are essential for the determination of the helion rms charge radius and the nuclear structure effects to the hyperfine splitting in $\mathrm{μ^3He^+}$. With this review we continue our series of theory summaries in light muonic atoms; see Antognini et al., Ann. Phys. 331, 127 (2013), Krauth et al., Ann.Phys. 366, 168 (2016), and Diepold et al., ArXiv 1606.05231 (2016).
description: 27 pages, continues series of theory summaries from muonic hydrogen up to muonic helium-4, revised manuscript, updated numbers
title: Humanitarianism, imperial commerce, and colonial hegemony : Quaker ‘testimonials to suffering’ in Tahiti and Hawaii in the 1830s ‘age of reform’
Creators: name: Peyper, AJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: This thesis examines Quaker humanitarian concern for Pacific peoples in the early nineteenth century through interrogation of the published and archival material of the prominent British Quaker Daniel Wheeler. Wheeler and his son Charles travelled on a humanitarian ‘voyage of concern’ through the Pacific from 1833-1838, and acted within an established Quaker religious and publishing tradition, and offer a historically unique moment in Pacific reportage during the 1830s ‘age of reform’. Through examination of this rare archival and published material, this thesis argues that humanitarian endeavour and capitalist expansion operated as coproductive forces of imperial cultural hegemony in Indigenous Pacific kingdoms, which were subject to nascent forms of European imperialism in the 1830s. This study utilises the rich archival material of Daniel and Charles Wheeler, which is to date understudied by modern historians, to advance understandings of British and American Quaker humanitarianism in the 1830s and its relationship with empire and commerce relating to whaling in Tahiti and sugar plantations in Hawaii. Methodologically, this thesis takes an innovative transnational approach through engaging a synthesis of discursive analysis of Quaker humanitarian texts with economic materialist theoretical frameworks. Building upon important scholarly research into imperial and humanitarian networks in settler-colonial regions and the ideological function of capitalist ‘modernity’ in non-Western societies, this thesis demonstrates the importance of dialectic positioning of historical sources towards postcolonial objectives of exposing critical questions about the origins of racial and cultural inequities in the absence of formal imperial structures. This thesis is the first critical examination of Daniel and Charles Wheelers’ Quaker ‘testimonials to suffering’ from Tahiti and Hawaii in 1835 and 1836, and argues for the indispensable nature of these rich historical sources for our understanding of Pacific and imperial history. It offers a new perspective on the key themes of exploitative trade and unfreedom in plantation labour towards interrogating the imperial role of mercantilist trade, land acquisition, and labour policy in the 1830s Pacific.
title: Numerical and experimental analysis of the wind forces acting on a high-speed catamaran
Creators: name: Amani, S
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: The influence of wind on a ship’s manoeuvring performance has always been an important issue, particularly in harbour environments, and during the ship’s docking or disembarking. Strong wind can force a ship to drift from its intended course of travel which could end in a dramatic accident. The effect of wind loads is even more noticeable on high-speed catamarans which are in general much lighter than conventional ships of a similar size. These types of ships have a relatively shallow draft and a smaller cross-sectional area below the waterline compared with their above waterline area. Therefore, the motion of high-speed wave piercing catamarans due to wind forces can be significant. This research presents 3D steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stocks (RANS) CFD simulations of wind loads on a high speed wave piercing catamaran and validation of the CFD analysis against a new wind tunnel experimental test. It demonstrates, how Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experimental methods can be used to complement each other in quantifying the magnitude and effects of wind loading on a high-speed catamaran. For the validation, CFD simulations are performed to replicate the experimental test which were performed in the University of Tasmania’s wind tunnel. This experiment were carried out on a scale model of a 112m catamaran. The geometrical features of the CFD computational domain were made to be precisely the same as the dimensions of the wind tunnel test section. Preliminary CFD analysis was conducted to determine how the atmospheric boundary layer could be best generated in the experimental test. It was determined the model should be placed on a raised platform allowing the boundary layer profile to be controlled by varying the distance between the model and the leading edge of the platform. This also removed any blockage effects caused by the domain boundaries of the wind tunnel. The experiment was followed by an extensive set of CFD analyses to replicate the experiment. The three-dimensional steady equations were solved with the commercial CFD code Star CCM+. It is shown that the results from the wind tunnel experiment correspond well with the CFD computations. From the analysis results, the required coefficients of wind loading on the 112m high speed wave piercing catamaran were determined which can be used in station keeping analysis of the ship. Agreement between the experiment and CFD simulations shows that CFD is a viable tool for the calculation of wind loading on a full-scale high-speed wave piercing catamaran.
title: Centaurs, sophists and satire : hybridity in the works of Lucian of Samosata
Creators: name: Abel, MC
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: The following dissertation assesses the works of Lucian of Samosata, a satirist writing during the Second Century AD. It is proposed that in his satires, Lucian uses the theme of hybridity in order to critique contemporary philosophical ideals and practices, framing the philosopher-sophists of the period as hybrids through their unsuccessful melding of the virtues of philosophy with the power of rhetoric. The theme of hybridity is explored in multiple ways, and this dissertation recognises Lucian’s own hybridity, both in terms of his ethnicity and of his use of the serio-comic genre. Lucian, in a number of his works, underscores what a true hybrid and a false hybrid is, and the motif of the centaur serves to illustrate his point well, being simultaneously an admired figure through the mythical tradition surrounding Cheiron, while also being a source of violence and uncivilised behaviour, as evident in tales of the Centauromachy. It is proposed that Lucian, rather than dismissing his hybridity, acknowledges (Bis. Acc. 33) and utilises it to create a more informed critique of the philosopher-sophists, establishing a series of works that serve to address both elite and non-elite concerns simultaneously. This is explored through an Aesopic framework, as it reveals how many of the tensions of high and low culture are present throughout the fable, and within tradition surrounding Aesop himself. Using this framework, the theme of hybridity is explored through various examples of the human-animal hybrid; exploring physical hybridity through the centaur, while also discussing hybrid wisdom through modes of speech, and the capacity for hybridity to stretch across multiple spheres. In doing so, it is shown that Lucian frames the philosopher-sophists as hybrids who, through their concerted effort to appear as a source of wisdom, have in fact failed to reach such heights, merely becoming a source of corrupted, false wisdom.
A versatile and narrow linewidth infra-red radiation source for ro-vibration state selected preparation of molecules in molecular beams
Creators: name: Kumar, Avinash
name: Singh, Saurabh Kumar
name: Shirhatti, Pranav R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design and characterization of a versatile pulsed (5 ns, 10 Hz repetition rate) optical parametric oscillator and amplifier system capable of generating single longitudinal mode, narrow linewidth (0.01 cm$^{-1}$) radiation in the wavelength range of 680 - 870 nm and 1380 - 4650 nm. Using a combination of power-normalized photoacoustic signal and a Fizeau interferometer-based wavemeter, we are able to actively stabilize the output wavenumber to within 0.005 cm$^{-1}$ (3$σ$) over a timescale longer than 1000 seconds. We demonstrate an application of this system by performing ro-vibration state-selected preparation of CO in v = 2 state, via direct overtone excitation (v = 0 $\rightarrow 2$ at 2346 nm) and subsequent state-selected detection in an internally cold molecular beam.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures + supplementary information
Scalar curvature as moment map in generalized Kahler geometry
Creators: name: Goto, Ryushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D18, 53C25, 53D20

description: It is known that the scalar curvature arises as the moment map in Kahler geometry. In pursuit of this analogy, we introduce the notion of a moment map in generalized Kahler geometry which gives the definition of a generalized scalar curvature on a generalized Kahler manifold. From the viewpoint of the moment map, we obtain the generalized Ricci form which is a representative of the first Chern class of the anticanonical line bundle. It turns out that infinitesimal deformations of generalized Kahler structures with constant generalized scalar curvature are finite dimensional on a compact manifold. Explicit descriptions of the generalized Ricci form and the generalized scalar curvature are given on a generalized Kahler manifold of type $(0,0)$. Poisson structures constructed from a Kahler action of $T^m$ on a Kahler-Einstein manifold give intriguing deformations of generalized Kahler-Einstein structures. In particular, the anticanical divisor consists of three lines on $C P^2$ in general position yields nontrivial examples of generalized Kahler-Einsein structures
description: to appear in JSG, More commentary on the framework of the moment map, a brief explanation about the generalized Hamiltonian
Complete mitochondrial genome of the edible mushroom Singerocybe alboinfundibuliformis (Clitocybaceae, Agaricales)
Creators: name: Xu, Nuo
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Yong-Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Singerocybe alboinfundibuliformis (Seok et al.) Yang, Qin & Takah 2014 is an edible mushroom distributed in several East or Southeast Asian countries. Herein, we report the mitochondrial genome of S. alboinfundibuliformis based on Illumina sequencing data. The overall length of the mitochondrial genome is 64,279 bp, with a GC content of 29.0%. It contains 14 typical protein-coding genes, 27 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and 13 intergenic ORFs. Most of these genes (39 out of 56) are transcribed at the forward strand, and few (17 out of 56) are transcribed at the reverse strand. Among these genes, only the rnl gene is invaded by an intron, and all other genes are intron-free. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial amino acid sequences supports the phylogenetic position of S. alboinfundibuliformis in Clitocybaceae, being close to Lepista sordida (Schumach.) Singer 1951. This study serves as a springboard for future investigation on fungal evolution in Clitocybaceae.
Generation of Probabilistic Synthetic Data for Serious Games: A Case Study on Cyberbullying
Creators: name: Pérez, Jaime
name: Castro, Mario
name: Awad, Edmond
name: López, Gregorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synthetic data generation has been a growing area of research in recent years. However, its potential applications in serious games have not been thoroughly explored. Advances in this field could anticipate data modelling and analysis, as well as speed up the development process. To try to fill this gap in the literature, we propose a simulator architecture for generating probabilistic synthetic data for serious games based on interactive narratives. This architecture is designed to be generic and modular so that it can be used by other researchers on similar problems. To simulate the interaction of synthetic players with questions, we use a cognitive testing model based on the Item Response Theory framework. We also show how probabilistic graphical models (in particular Bayesian networks) can be used to introduce expert knowledge and external data into the simulation. Finally, we apply the proposed architecture and methods in a use case of a serious game focused on cyberbullying. We perform Bayesian inference experiments using a hierarchical model to demonstrate the identifiability and robustness of the generated data.
How Complex Is a Fractal? Head/tail Breaks and Fractional Hierarchy
Creators: name: Jiang, Bin
name: Ma, Ding
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fractal bears a complex structure that is reflected in a scaling hierarchy, indicating that there are far more small things than large ones. This scaling hierarchy can be effectively derived using head/tail breaks - a clustering and visualization tool for data with a heavy-tailed distribution - and quantified by an ht-index, indicating the number of clusters or hierarchical levels, a head/tail breaks-induced integer. However, this integral ht-index has been found to be less precise for many fractals at their different phrases of development. This paper refines the ht-index as a fraction to measure the scaling hierarchy of a fractal more precisely within a coherent whole, and further assigns a fractional ht-index - the fht-index - to an individual data value of a data series that represents the fractal. We developed two case studies to demonstrate the advantages of the fht-index, in comparison with the ht-index. We found that the fractional ht-index or fractional hierarchy in general can help characterize a fractal set or pattern in a much more precise manner. The index may help create intermediate map scales between two consecutive map scales. Keywords: Ht-index, fractal, scaling, complexity, fht-index
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Combining stochastic density functional theory with deep potential molecular dynamics to study warm dense matter
Creators: name: Chen, Tao
name: Liu, Qianrui
name: Liu, Yu
name: Sun, Liang
name: Chen, Mohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In traditional finite-temperature Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KSDFT), the well-known orbitals wall restricts the use of first-principles molecular dynamics methods at extremely high temperatures. However, stochastic density functional theory (SDFT) can overcome the limitation. Recently, SDFT and its related mixed stochastic-deterministic density functional theory, based on the plane-wave basis set, have been implemented in the first-principles electronic structure software ABACUS [Phys. Rev. B 106, 125132(2022)]. In this study, we combine SDFT with the Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) method to investigate systems with temperatures ranging from a few tens of eV to 1000 eV. Importantly, we train machine-learning-based interatomic models using the SDFT data and employ these deep potential models to simulate large-scale systems with long trajectories. Consequently, we compute and analyze the structural properties, dynamic properties, and transport coefficients of warm dense matter. The abovementioned methods offer a new approach with first-principles accuracy to tackle various properties of warm dense matter.
(500490) William Johnson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quasigluon lifetime and confinement from first principles
Creators: name: Siringo, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass and the lifetime of a gluon are evaluated from first principles at finite temperature across the deconfinement transition of pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory, by a direct calculation of the pole of the propagator in the complex plane, using the finite temperature extension of a massive expansion in the Landau gauge. Even at T=0 the quasigluon lifetime is finite and the gluon is canceled from the asymptotic states, yielding a microscopic proof of confinement from first principles. Above the transition the damping rate is a linear increasing function of temperature as predicted by standard perturbation theory.
description: Final published version
SAM3D: Zero-Shot 3D Object Detection via Segment Anything Model
Creators: name: Zhang, Dingyuan
name: Liang, Dingkang
name: Yang, Hongcheng
name: Zou, Zhikang
name: Ye, Xiaoqing
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Bai, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the development of large language models, many remarkable linguistic systems like ChatGPT have thrived and achieved astonishing success on many tasks, showing the incredible power of foundation models. In the spirit of unleashing the capability of foundation models on vision tasks, the Segment Anything Model (SAM), a vision foundation model for image segmentation, has been proposed recently and presents strong zero-shot ability on many downstream 2D tasks. However, whether SAM can be adapted to 3D vision tasks has yet to be explored, especially 3D object detection. With this inspiration, we explore adapting the zero-shot ability of SAM to 3D object detection in this paper. We propose a SAM-powered BEV processing pipeline to detect objects and get promising results on the large-scale Waymo open dataset. As an early attempt, our method takes a step toward 3D object detection with vision foundation models and presents the opportunity to unleash their power on 3D vision tasks. The code is released at https://github.com/DYZhang09/SAM3D.
description: Accepted by Science China Information Sciences (SCIS)
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Hypecoum erectum L. (Papaveraceae)
Creators: name: Mano, Haruto
name: Boltenkov, Eugeny V.
name: Marchuk, Elena A.
name: Nakamura, Koh
name: Yoichi, Watanabe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Hypecoum erectum L., a widespread species in northern Eurasia, is a valuable medicinal plant, but its chloroplast genome has not previously been reported. We determined its complete chloroplast genome using a high-throughput sequencing technique. Its total length was 169,241 bp, consisting of a large single-copy region of 93,301 bp and a small single-copy region of 17,316 bp, separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions of 29,312 bp. A total of 140 genes were annotated, including 91 protein coding genes, 41 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis shows that H. erectum and H. zhukanum of the subfamily Hypecoideae are monophyletic with the highest support.
On the minimum output entropy of random orthogonal quantum channels
Creators: name: Fukuda, Motohisa
name: Nechita, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider sequences of random quantum channels defined using the Stinespring formula with Haar-distributed random orthogonal matrices. For any fixed sequence of input states, we study the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of the outputs through tensor powers of random channels. We show that the input states achieving minimum output entropy are tensor products of maximally entangled states (Bell states) when the tensor power is even. This phenomenon is completely different from the one for random quantum channels constructed from Haar-distributed random unitary matrices, which leads us to formulate some conjectures about the regularized minimum output entropy.
description: minor modifications
The Phase Transition of Non-minimal Yang-Mills AdS Black Brane
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Mehdi
name: Rahmani, Faramaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we shall study the phase transition of non-minimal coupling of Einstein-Hilbert gravity and electric field of Yang-Mills type in AdS space-time. We couple the Ricci scalar to the Yang-Mills invariant to obtain a modified theory of gravity. A black brane solution is introduced up to the first order of the term $RF^{(a)}_{μα}F^{(a)μα} $ in this model. Then, the phase transition of this solution will be investigated in canonical ensemble. Our investigation shows that only the second order phase transition behavior is seen in this model. Also, due to the coupling of the Yang-Mills field and Ricci scalar, there are differences with the phase transitions of the usual minimal models. We shall show that in the absence of non-minimal coupling there is no any phase transition.
description: 17 Pages, 11 figures, to appear in IJMPA
title: Expanding the scope of phenanthroline-based copper(I) complexes in photoredox catalysis
Creators: name: Nicholls, TP
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: Recently, research concerning photoredox catalysis has enjoyed renewed interest. Photoredox catalysis provides a mode of small molecule activation that takes advantage of the ability of several transition metal complexes to absorb visible light which facilitates single electron transfer (SET) processes with organic substrates. This mild approach has broad applicability across a vast range of chemical transformations. While ruthenium- and iridium-based photoredox-catalysed transformations have received considerable attention, copper-based complexes remain underexplored in this area. This thesis reports on the development of new synthetic methodology with the broad objective of exploring the scope, limitations, and reactivity of copper-based complexes in photoredox catalysis. In particular, the preparation and study of a library of novel and previously reported copper complexes was conducted. This involved an investigation into the synthesis of homoleptic bis(phenanthroline)copper(I) complexes and heteroleptic phenanthroline-containing copper(I) complexes. Extensive characterisation of their structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties was conducted. Both direct and indirect methods were utilised to characterise the fundamental properties of these complexes including an examination of their reactivity in distinctive atom-transfer radical addition (ATRA) processes. The development of new synthetic methodology began with a proof of concept study in which the weak oxidising power of the prototypical copper-based photoredox catalyst, [Cu(dap)\(_2\)]Cl, was utilised to catalyse Povarov-type reactions of N,N dialkylanilines/ N-aryltetrahydroisoquinolines with electron deficient olefins to produce a range of annulated products. This transformation represents the first example of the weak oxidising power of a copper-based photoredox catalyst being exploited to facilitate the oxidation of amines that are ultimately incorporated into synthetic targets. Intriguingly, the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the reaction was found to be essential to facilitate an efficient reaction. An investigation into the role of TFA suggested that the aerobic quenching of putative photoexcited copper(I) species is mediated by TFA. A copper photoredox catalysed dual α-amino C–H/ C–F bond functionalisation reaction was subsequently developed to enable the synthesis of a library of perfluorinated aromatic compounds. During the development of this protocol it was found that a pulsed irradiation strategy provided enhanced yields and significant rate increases when compared to continuous irradiation. This methodology allows for the rapid synthesis of a broad range of fluorinated arenes under mild conditions. This is the first study identifying the potential of pulsed irradiation in photoredox-catalysis.
Building crystalline topological phases from lower-dimensional states
Creators: name: Huang, Sheng-Jie
name: Song, Hao
name: Huang, Yi-Ping
name: Hermele, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the classification of symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases with crystalline symmetry (cSPT phases). Focusing on bosonic cSPT phases in two and three dimensions, we introduce a simple family of cSPT states, where the system is comprised of decoupled lower-dimensional building blocks that are themselves SPT states. We introduce a procedure to classify these block states, which surprisingly reproduces a classification of cSPT phases recently obtained by Thorngren and Else using very different methods, for all wallpaper and space groups. The explicit constructions underlying our results clarify the physical properties of the phases classified by Thorngren and Else, and expose additional structure in the classification. Moreover, the states we classify can be completely characterized by point group SPT (pgSPT) invariants and related weak pgSPT invariants that we introduce. In many cases, the weak invariants can be visualized in terms of translation-symmetric stacking of lower-dimensional pgSPT states. We apply our classification to propose a Lieb-Shultz-Mattis type constraint for two-dimensional spin systems with only crystalline symmetry, and establish this constraint by a dimensional reduction argument. Finally, the surprising matching with the Thorngren-Else classification leads us to conjecture that all SPT phases protected only by crystalline symmetry can be built from lower-dimensional blocks of invertible topological states. We argue that this conjecture holds if we make a certain physically reasonable but unproven assumption.
description: 18+14 pages. S.-J.H. and H.S. are co-first-authors. v2: published version
title: From ‘barbarous relics’ to an ‘emphasis on cure’? : Suicide in Tasmania 1868‐1943
Creators: name: Atkinson, M
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2019

description: Secular understandings of suicide began to emerge in western Europe during the late-seventeenth century. Two hundred years later, in a British colony on the other side of the world, secular approaches had also become well established as the primary way in which Tasmanians understood suicidal behaviour. Witnesses at inquests would invariably point to mental ill health and challenging personal circumstances when attempting to account for the suicides of their friends and family members. The coroners and jury members to whom they recounted these explanations took their responsibilities as investigators seriously, and did not seek to impose moral judgements on the corpses that lay before them. Newspapers similarly eschewed ethical judgements, instead producing detailed, factual, and morally neutral coverage. Official opposition to suicide from Tasmania’s major religions had little influence in public debates or the actions of religious ministers, nor any practical manifestations such as the denial of burials in church grounds. The dominance of secular understandings had profound consequences for the practices, policies and institutions that Tasmania developed to try to manage and prevent suicidal behaviour from 1868. This thesis explores these implications in the areas of the law, the coronial system, inquests, newspaper coverage, psychiatric care, and religion to 1943.
Entropically Damped Artificial Compressibility for SPH
Creators: name: Ramachandran, Prabhu
name: Puri, Kunal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the Entropically Damped Artificial Compressibility (EDAC) formulation of Clausen (2013) is used in the context of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method for the simulation of incompressible fluids. Traditionally, weakly-compressible SPH (WCSPH) formulations have employed artificial compressiblity to simulate incompressible fluids. EDAC is an alternative to the artificial compressiblity scheme wherein a pressure evolution equation is solved in lieu of coupling the fluid density to the pressure by an equation of state. The method is explicit and is easy to incorporate into existing SPH solvers using the WCSPH formulation. This is demonstrated by coupling the EDAC scheme with the recently proposed Transport Velocity Formulation (TVF) of Adami et al. (2013). The method works for both internal flows and for flows with a free surface (a drawback of the TVF scheme). Several benchmark problems are considered to evaluate the proposed scheme and it is found that the EDAC scheme gives results that are as good or sometimes better than those produced by the TVF or standard WCSPH. The scheme is robust and produces smooth pressure distributions and does not require the use of an artificial viscosity in the momentum equation although using some artificial viscosity is beneficial.
description: 41 pages, 31 figures
Threshold factorization of the Drell-Yan quark-gluon channel and two-loop soft function at next-to-leading power
Creators: name: Broggio, Alessandro
name: Jaskiewicz, Sebastian
name: Vernazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a factorization theorem of the partonic Drell-Yan off-diagonal processes $g\bar{q}\,(qg) \to γ^* + X$ in the kinematic threshold regime $z=Q^2/\hat{s} \to 1$ at general subleading powers in the $(1-z)$ expansion. Focusing on the first order of the expansion (next-to-leading power accuracy with respect to the leading power $q \bar{q}$ channel), we validate the bare factorization formula up to $\mathcal{O}(α^2_s)$. This is achieved by carrying out an explicit calculation of the generalized soft function in $d$-dimensions using the reduction to master integrals and the differential equations method. The collinear function is a universal object which we compute from an operator matching equation at one-loop level. Next, we integrate the soft and collinear functions over the convolution variables and remove the remaining initial state collinear singularities through PDF renormalization. The resulting expression agrees with the known cross section in the literature.
description: 44 pages, 8 figures. Matches published version
Self-Organization of Dragon Kings
Creators: name: Lin, Yuansheng
name: Burghardt, Keith
name: Rohden, Martin
name: Noël, Pierre-André
name: D'Souza, Raissa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanisms underlying cascading failures are often modeled via the paradigm of self-organized criticality. Here we introduce a simple model where nodes self-organize to be either weak or strong to failure which captures the trade-off between degradation and reinforcement of nodes inherent in many network systems. If strong nodes cannot fail, this leads to power law distributions of failure sizes with so-called "Black Swan" rare events. In contrast, if strong nodes fail once a sufficient fraction of their neighbors fail, this leads to "Dragon Kings", which are massive failures caused by mechanisms distinct from smaller failures. In our model, we find that once an initial failure size is above a critical value, the Dragon King mechanism kicks in, leading to piggybacking system-wide failures. We demonstrate that the size of the initial failed weak cluster predicts the likelihood of a Dragon King event with high accuracy and we develop a simple control strategy which also reveals that a random upgrade can inadvertently make the system more vulnerable. The Dragon Kings observed are self-organized, existing throughout the parameter regime.
description: 6 pages, 20 figures; Corrected typos, added new theory, and added clarifications throughout the paper
Characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Vernonia volkameriifolia DC. 1836 (Asteraceae)
Creators: name: Yong, Li
name: Liu, Ze
name: Chen, Haimei
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Vernonia volkameriifolia DC. 1836, is a woody shrub of the subfamily Vernonioideae within the family Asteraceae. The complete chloroplast genome of V. volkameriifolia spans 152,934 bp, comprising four subregions: a large single-copy region (84,035 bp), a small single-copy region (18,543 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (25,178 bp). Within the chloroplast genome of V. volkameriifolia, 114 unique genes were identified, including 80 unique protein-encoding genes, four ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genome of six related taxa in the Vernonieae tribe indicates that V. volkameriifolia show closer relationships with Vernonia parishii and Strobocalyx arborea. The first chloroplast genome of V. volkameriifolia was reported in this work, contributing to the enrichment of genomic data for the genus Vernonia.
(500491) John Finlaw Johnson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Design Frameworks for Hyper-Connected Social XRI Immersive Metaverse Environments
Creators: name: Guan, Jie
name: Morris, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The metaverse refers to the merger of technologies for providing a digital twin of the real world and the underlying connectivity and interactions for the many kinds of agents within. As this set of technology paradigms - involving artificial intelligence, mixed reality, the internet-of-things and others - gains in scale, maturity, and utility there are rapidly emerging design challenges and new research opportunities. In particular is the metaverse disconnect problem, the gap in task switching that inevitably occurs when a user engages with multiple virtual and physical environments simultaneously. Addressing this gap remains an open issue that affects the user experience and must be overcome to increase overall utility of the metaverse. This article presents design frameworks that consider how to address the metaverse as a hyper-connected meta-environment that connects and expands multiple user environments, modalities, contexts, and the many objects and relationships within them. This article contributes to i) a framing of the metaverse as a social XR-IoT (XRI) concept, ii) design Considerations for XRI metaverse experiences, iii) a design architecture for social multi-user XRI metaverse environments, and iv) descriptive exploration of social interaction scenarios within XRI multi-user metaverses. These contribute a new design framework for metaverse researchers and creators to consider the coming wave of interconnected and immersive smart environments.
On a class of generating vector fields for the extremum seeking problem: Lie bracket approximation and stability properties
Creators: name: Grushkovskaya, Victoria
name: Zuyev, Alexander
name: Ebenbauer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we describe a broad class of control functions for extremum seeking problems. We show that it unifies and generalizes existing extremum seeking strategies which are based on Lie bracket approximations, and allows to design new controls with favorable properties in extremum seeking and vibrational stabilization tasks. The second result of this paper is a novel approach for studying the asymptotic behavior of extremum seeking systems. It provides a constructive procedure for defining frequencies of control functions to ensure the practical asymptotic and exponential stability. In contrast to many known results, we also prove asymptotic and exponential stability in the sense of Lyapunov for the proposed class of extremum seeking systems under appropriate assumptions on the vector fields.