Australonura neotropica Queiroz & Deharveng 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Queiroz, G. C.
name: Deharveng, L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Neanuridae
Australonura
Australonura neotropica

description: Australonura neotropica sp. nov.   
(Figures 1, 2; Tables 1, 2)   Type material   
Holotype: male (#1992 CM / MNRJ), 15 March 2011, Queiroz G.C. leg. Deposited at MNRJ in Brazil. Paratype: 1 male (same data as holotype) slide MNHN-EA011507 deposited at MNHN in Paris, France.   Type locality   
 Parque Nacional de Itatiaia (ICMBio), Itatiaia municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. 2400 m asl Coordinates: 22°22 ʹ 58.26 ʺ S, 44°40 ʹ 0.49 ʺ W. Leaf litter and soil of ‘campos de altitude’.   
 Description. Length 0.9–1.0 mm. Colour white in ethanol. Anterior eyes 1 + 1, their diameter 1.7–1.8 times the length of Ocm socket diameter; posterior eyes not clearly seen. Habitus typical of the genus (Figure 1). Weak cryptopygy. Head and tergite tubercles well developed, with tertiary granulation differentiated in bosses rising from the integument. Dorso-internal tubercles of Th. I to Abd. IV with 3–4 elementary tubercles. No reticulations. No plurichaetosis. No buttonhole structures on tergites.   
 Dorsal chaetotaxy constituted of ordinary chaetae and S-chaetae. Ordinary chaetae differentiated in macrochaetae of similar length and morphology, rather long, with strong serrations covering more than two-thirds of its length (from the base and almost till the apex), distally sheathed, rounded apically, mesochaetae similar in shape, but smaller than macrochaetae (details of Figure 1); one mesochaeta of CL, four mesochaetae of L + So, one mesochaeta of each lateral tubercle from Abd. I to III, several on tubercle L of Abd. IV and all three of Abd. V smooth and acuminate; microchaetae, thinner, shorter, bent, acuminate, smooth. S-chaetae thinner, half the length of closest macrochaetae.   
Antennae shorter than head, less than two times as long as basis length. Ant. I with seven chaetae, Ant. II with 11 chaetae; dorsally the chaetae are serrated and some tertiary granulation can be seen on Ant. I and II (Figure 1). Ant. III with 18 ordinary chaetae and the five S-chaetae of Ant. III organ, whose guard chaetae Sgd and Sgv are slightly longer and slender than S-chaetae of Ant. IV. Ant. IV organite as a very small rod, almost entirely buried in the integument; apical bulb slightly trilobed, fused to Ant. IV tip (Figure 2A, B). Eight subequal S-chaetae (S1–S8) on Ant. IV (Figure 2A). Ventral chaetotaxy of Ant. IV without one miA of cp group of chaetae (Figure 2B).  
Buccal cone moderately elongated. Maxilla styliform, mandible thin and probably tridentate. Labrum rounded apically, elongate, labral formula?/?2,4. Labium with four basal, three distal and three lateral chaetae; two x-papillae visible (Figure 2C).  
 Head chaetotaxy as in Table 1, with nine chaetal groups: CL, Af + 2Oc, (Di + Di), 2 (De), 2 DL, 2 (L + So). Tubercles well developed, Af fused to Oc, forming a central tubercle separated from CL. Central area with A, B, D, G, H, Ocm and Ocp (Oca, C, E, F and O absent; D free). Tubercles Di fused, constituted of six elementary tubercles (four anterior and two posterior), with 1 + 1 chaetae Di1.   
Tergite chaetotaxy illustrated on Figure 1. Tubercles well developed, especially laterally from head to Abd. VI. Chaeta Di present on Th. I as a me. Tubercles Di very close from Th. II to Abd. IV. Tubercle Di of Th. II–III with two chaetae (Di3 absent). Tubercle De of Th. II–III with two chaetae (De1 M and De2 me) and one Schaeta. Tubercles De and DL separate on Abd. IV. Abd. V with tubercles Di fused or at least adjacent on the axis, separated from De. Three chaetae DL and L located ventrally, without tubercle. Tubercle Di of Abd. V with Di1 M, Di 2 mi and Di3 absent. Abd. VI bilobed. S-chaetotaxic formula: 2 + ms, 2/11111.  
Tita without chaeta M and with B4–B5 not longer than other chaetae of the Tita (Figure 2D). Claw untoothed, not striated in its basal part, and devoid of secondary granulation.  
Ventral chaetotaxy of Abd. II– VI and VT as in Figure 2E. Furcal rest with three or four chaetae, devoid of mi. Male genital plate as in Figure 2F. Postcephalic chaetotaxy summarised in Table 2.  
 Derivatio nominis. In a reference to the biogeographic region where the species was found.   
 Discussion. As for the tubercle arrangement on the head, the new species is more similar to A. quarta Greenslade and Deharveng 1990 and A. sanguisugarum Greenslade and Deharveng 1990, as they all present a fusion of the Af and the two Oc tubercles, forming a single central tubercle separated from CL. Differential characters between the three species are summarised in Table 5. In addition, A. neotropica sp. nov. has its three chaetae Di on Th. II and III arranged like in A. grossi (Yosii, 1966), while the other two have only two chaetae, in an arrangement of the sanguisugarum type sensu Greenslade and Deharveng (1990).
description: Published as part of Queiroz, G. C. & Deharveng, L., 2014, New Australonura Cassagnau 1980 (Neanuridae: Neanurinae) from Brazil, pp. 2293-2305 in Journal of Natural History 48 (37 - 38) on pages 2294-2298, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.908972, http://zenodo.org/record/4607661