cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Børnefamilieydelser og børnetilskud
Creators: Danmarks Statistik
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med statistikken om børneydelser er at belyse antal modtagere af børnefamilieydelse og børnetilskud samt beløbene modtaget i ydelse. Modtagere og beløb er opdelt i forskellige grupper (efter arten af ydelse, enlige/samboende familier, antal børn, amter og kommuner (indtil 2006) - fra 2007 regioner, landsdele og kommuner).

Børnetilskudsstatistikken trådte i kraft for skatteåret 1957/58, men er udarbejdet i sin nuværende form siden 1987. Statistikken hviler på den til enhver tid gældende lovgivning, og statistikken er offentliggjort i Statistiske Efteretninger
i serien Sociale forhold, sundhed og retsvæsen med titlen Børnefamilieydelse og børnetilskud. 4.kvt.

I Statistiske Efterretninger 1957:86 er omtalt en lovændring (lov nr. 89 af 29. marts 1957) i børnetilskudsordningen. Man forstår, at ordningen minder meget om tidligere års, og at tilskudet er gradueret efter indtægtens størrelse. Der er dog sparsomt med tal i artiklen.

Lov nr. 443 af 6. juli 1973 om børnetilskud og andre familieydelser var grundlag for statistikken i en årrække. Senere blev grundlaget Lov nr. 609 af 29. november 1978 om børnetilskud og andre familieydelser.

1. juli 1987 blev loven ændret til den form, vi kender i dag. Før 1. juli 1987 havde børnetilskudsarterne en anden form end nu og betingelserne for at modtage børnetilskud var lidt anderledes.

Den seneste lovgivning er
1. Børnefamilieydelse: Skatteministeriets bekendtgørelse af lov om en børnefamilieydelse nr. 846 af 4. september 2000 og bekendtgørelse nr. 1029 af 24. oktober 2005 om udbetaling af børnefamilieydelse til personer, der ikke er fuldt skattepligtige efter kildeskattelovens § 1 m.v., og de komunnale revisorers revision af børnefamilieydelse.
2. Børnetilskud: Socialministeriets bekendtgørelse af lov om børnetilskud og forskudsvis udbetaling af børnebidrag lovbekendtgørelse nr. 909 af 3. september 2004.
Complexity Classes of Equivalence Problems Revisited
Creators: name: Fortnow, Lance
name: Grochow, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.3; F.1.2; F.1.m

description: To determine if two lists of numbers are the same set, we sort both lists and see if we get the same result. The sorted list is a canonical form for the equivalence relation of set equality. Other canonical forms arise in graph isomorphism algorithms, and the equality of permutation groups given by generators. To determine if two graphs are cospectral (have the same eigenvalues), however, we compute their characteristic polynomials and see if they are the same; the characteristic polynomial is a complete invariant for the equivalence relation of cospectrality. This is weaker than a canonical form, and it is not known whether a polynomial-time canonical form for cospectrality exists. Note that it is a priori possible for an equivalence relation to be decidable in polynomial time without either a complete invariant or canonical form. Blass and Gurevich (SIAM J. Comput., 1984) ask whether these conditions on equivalence relations -- having an FP canonical form, having an FP complete invariant, and simply being in P -- are in fact different. They showed that this question requires non-relativizing techniques to resolve. Here we extend their results, and give new connections to probabilistic and quantum computation.
description: 21 pages
title: Department of Transportation News Releases for October 1973
Creators: name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1973
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88891
subject: Transportation policy
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96618
subject: History
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88537
subject: Management
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91975
subject: Organizations
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97447
subject: News

description: Department of Transportation News Releases for October 1973.
title: Department of Transportation News Releases for November 1973
Creators: name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1973
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88891
subject: Transportation policy
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96618
subject: History
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88537
subject: Management
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91975
subject: Organizations
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97447
subject: News

description: Department of Transportation News Releases for November 1973.
Quantum Bounds on Bell inequalities
Creators: name: Pál, K. F.
name: Vértesi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have determined the maximum quantum violation of 241 tight bipartite Bell inequalities with up to five two-outcome measurement settings per party by constructing the appropriate measurement operators in up to six-dimensional complex and eight-dimensional real component Hilbert spaces using numerical optimization. Out of these inequalities 129 has been introduced here. In 43 cases higher dimensional component spaces gave larger violation than qubits, and in 3 occasions the maximum was achieved with six-dimensional spaces. We have also calculated upper bounds on these Bell inequalities using a method proposed recently. For all but 20 inequalities the best solution found matched the upper bound. Surprisingly, the simplest inequality of the set examined, with only three measurement settings per party, was not among them, despite the high dimensionality of the Hilbert space considered. We also computed detection threshold efficiencies for the maximally entangled qubit pair. These could be lowered in several instances if degenerate measurements were also allowed.
description: 12 pages, 4 tables; corrected Table I and modified Table III to comply with Table I; more detailed results are available at http://www.atomki.hu/atomki/TheorPhys/Bell_violation/
title: Department of Transportation News Releases for December 1973
Creators: name: United States Department of Transportation
Publisher: name: United States Department of Transportation
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02xfw2e90
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1973
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88891
subject: Transportation policy
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/96618
subject: History
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88537
subject: Management
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91975
subject: Organizations
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97447
subject: News

description: Department of Transportation News Releases for December 1973.
How the Cosmological Constant Affects Gravastar Formation
Creators: name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: Rocha, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we generalized a previous model of gravastar consisted of an internal de Sitter spacetime, a dynamical infinitely thin shell with an equation of state, but now we consider an external de Sitter-Schwarzschild spacetime. We have shown explicitly that the final output can be a black hole, a "bounded excursion" stable gravastar, a stable gravastar, or a de Sitter spacetime, depending on the total mass of the system, the cosmological constants, the equation of state of the thin shell and the initial position of the dynamical shell. We have found that the exterior cosmological constant imposes a limit to the gravastar formation, i.e., the exterior cosmological constant must be smaller than the interior cosmological constant. Besides, we have also shown that, in the particular case where the Schwarzschild mass vanishes, no stable gravastar can be formed, but we still have formation of black hole.
description: 36 pages and 23 figures, correcting some typos and clarifying some points, accepted for publication in JCAP
I concerti per due violini di Vivaldi (con edizione di RV 513, 521, 528, 764 e ricostruzione di RV 520, 526)
Creators: name: Ammetto, Fabrizio <1965>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: L-ART/07 Musicologia e storia della musica

description: In the whole of Europe the most important composer of concertos for two violins is indubitably Vivaldi (1678-1741), who produced almost thirty works of this type during almost the full length of his creative career. The dissertation examines this particular side of Vivaldi’s activity, starting with an examination of the concerto in Rome, Bologna, and Venice at the turn of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The aspects investigated include the ‘conceptual’ origins of the double concerto for two violins in Vivaldi, the nature, distribution and interrelationship of their sources (particular attention being given to compositional revisions in the autograph manuscripts) and an analysis of the works themselves that takes in form, tonal structure, technical-instrumental character and performance practice. The concertos that have come down in particularly problematic non-autograph sources are discussed in detail and presented in critical editions. A reconstruction is offered of the two works (RV 520 and 526) that have survived only in incomplete form, lacking the part of the first soloist. The concertos for two violins composed in Germany by Telemann and J. S. Bach, the contemporaries of Vivaldi who paid greatest attention to the double concerto genre, are then described and analysed. The thesis ends with a complete list of modern editions of Vivaldi’s concertos for two violins and a select discography.
Profili giuridici del coordinamento tra sistemi reddituali nell'Unione Europea
Income tax systems' co-ordination in the European Union
Creators: name: Marzano, Michele <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: IUS/12 Diritto tributario

description: Il coordinamento tra sistemi impositivi è una questione originaria e tipica del diritto comunitario. La tesi ne esplora le conseguenze sotto più aspetti.
description: Income tax systems' co-ordination is a relatively recent issue in the globalizing economy. 
In fact, a tendence to tax co-ordination begins, essentially, with the EU Law.
Since 2006, European Institutions feel the urgence to solve problem of double imposition and non imposition phenomena left unsolved by the member states themselves, or by means of Double Taxation Conventions (DTCs). 
The tax co-ordination envisages means to do so. 
The theme is firstly envisaged by the unilateral and bilateral perspective, underlining the deficiencies of sovereignity methods in fronting the economies' integration problems.
The theme is then pointed out by the perspective of EU Law. 
At a first level, by considering tax systems co-ordination methods envisaged by the Directives in matter of group-taxation.
Then, monitoring the outgoing of co-ordination considered by three EU Communications dated 19 December 2006 (respectively targeted to the general problem of tax co-ordination, to the co-ordination between member states upon exit taxation, to the co-ordination upon consideraton of intra-EU losses).
The issue is also considered by the point of view of the European Court of Justice. 
In this perspective, it's relevant to estabilish whether the ECJ has the power to compel the member states to structure each other their income tax systems, based on the application of the EU freedoms, with a view – in particular – to exit taxation policies, to intra-EU losses: a theme strictly linked to the view that is optioned out for the interpretation of EU non-discrimination clause (an overall approach facing the opposite per-country approach).
Literaturas no Atlântico Sul:
o caso da formação da literatura em São Tomé (e
seus refluxos no Brasil).
Literatures in the South Atlantic:
the case of the formation of literature in Sao Tome (and
its flows to Brazil).
Creators: name: Magalhães De Paula, Marcela <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: L-LIN/08 Letteratura portoghese e brasiliana

description: Diferencialmente conjugando a combinação de três contextos de análise: Brasil, Portugal e África. Esta tese aborda a relação criada entre os espaço histórico-políticos do "Atlântico Sul e suas formas de representação nos diferentes contextos nacionais que envolvem o desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas teóricas de investigação interdisciplinar, entre a literatura e história, especialmente nos espaços da geografia e literatura de São Tomé e Príncipe e Brasil.
description: Coniugando differenzialmente tre contesti analitici: il Brasile, il Portogallo e l'Africa. Questa tesi risulta dell'analisi fra i rapporti creati tra il spazio storico-politico del' Atlantico Sud e le forme rappresentazione dei diversi contesti nazionali che esso coinvolge, mettendo a punto le nuove prospettive anche teoriche di indagine interdisciplinare, tra letteratura e storia, sopratutto os espaços di San Tome e Principe ed il Brasile.
description: Differentially combining three analytical contexts: Brazil, Portugal and Africa. This thesis is the analysis between the relationship created between the historical-political space of the 'South Atlantic and forms of representation of the different national contexts that it involves developing new theoretical perspectives also interdisciplinary investigation, between literature and history, especially os espaços of San Tome and Principe and Brazil.
Parallel Opportunistic Routing in Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Shin, Won-Yong
name: Chung, Sae-Young
name: Lee, Yong H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study benefits of opportunistic routing in a large wireless ad hoc network by examining how the power, delay, and total throughput scale as the number of source- destination pairs increases up to the operating maximum. Our opportunistic routing is novel in a sense that it is massively parallel, i.e., it is performed by many nodes simultaneously to maximize the opportunistic gain while controlling the inter-user interference. The scaling behavior of conventional multi-hop transmission that does not employ opportunistic routing is also examined for comparison. Our results indicate that our opportunistic routing can exhibit a net improvement in overall power--delay trade-off over the conventional routing by providing up to a logarithmic boost in the scaling law. Such a gain is possible since the receivers can tolerate more interference due to the increased received signal power provided by the multi-user diversity gain, which means that having more simultaneous transmissions is possible.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, Under Review for Possible Publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Fixed point loci of moduli spaces of sheaves on toric varieties
Creators: name: Kool, Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14M25

description: Extending work of Klyachko and Perling, we develop a combinatorial description of pure equivariant sheaves of any dimension on an arbitrary nonsingular toric variety $X$. Using geometric invariant theory (GIT), this allows us to construct explicit moduli spaces of pure equivariant sheaves on $X$ corepresenting natural moduli functors (similar to work of Payne in the case of equivariant vector bundles). The action of the algebraic torus on $X$ lifts to the moduli space of all Gieseker stable sheaves on $X$ and we express its fixed point locus explicitly in terms of moduli spaces of pure equivariant sheaves on $X$. One of the problems arising is to find an equivariant line bundle on the side of the GIT problem, which precisely recovers Gieseker stability. In the case of torsion free equivariant sheaves, we can always construct such equivariant line bundles. As a by-product, we get a combinatorial description of the fixed point locus of the moduli space of $μ$-stable reflexive sheaves on $X$. As an application, we show in a sequel how these methods can be used to compute generating functions of Euler characteristics of moduli spaces of $μ$-stable torsion free sheaves on nonsingular complete toric surfaces.
description: 55 pages. Published version
The RN/CFT Correspondence Revisited
Creators: name: Chen, Chiang-Mei
name: Sun, Jia-Rui
name: Zou, Shou-Jyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsidered the quantum gravity description of the near horizon extremal Reissner-Nordstrøm black hole in the viewpoint of the AdS$_2$/CFT$_1$ correspondence. We found that, for pure electric case, the right moving central charge of dual 1D CFT is $6 Q^2$ which is different from the previous result $6 Q^3$ of left moving sector obtained by warped AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ description. We discussed the discrepancy in these two approaches and examined novel properties of our result.
description: revtex4, 16 pages, sign mistakes corrected, references included
Visualizing Event Sequence Data for User Behavior Evaluation of In-Vehicle Information Systems
Creators: name: Ebel, Patrick
name: Lingenfelder, Christoph
name: Vogelsang, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With modern IVIS becoming more capable and complex than ever, their evaluation becomes increasingly difficult. The analysis of large amounts of user behavior data can help to cope with this complexity and can support UX experts in designing IVIS that serve customer needs and are safe to operate while driving. We, therefore, propose a Multi-level User Behavior Visualization Framework providing effective visualizations of user behavior data that is collected via telematics from production vehicles. Our approach visualizes user behavior data on three different levels: (1) The Task Level View aggregates event sequence data generated through touchscreen interactions to visualize user flows. (2) The Flow Level View allows comparing the individual flows based on a chosen metric. (3) The Sequence Level View provides detailed insights into touch interactions, glance, and driving behavior. Our case study proves that UX experts consider our approach a useful addition to their design process.
description: 13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Genomic and proteomic approaches in pig meat quality research field
Creators: name: Bigi, Mila <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: AGR/17 Zootecnica generale e miglioramento genetico

description: Pig meat and carcass quality is a complex concept determined by environmental and genetic factors concurring to the phenotypic variation in qualitative characteristics of meat (fat content, tenderness, juiciness, flavor,etc).
This thesis shows the results of different investigations to study and to analyze pig meat and carcass quality focusing mainly on genomic; moreover proteomic approach has been also used. The aim was to analyze data from association studies between genes considered as candidate and meat and carcass quality in different pig breeds.
The approach was used to detect new SNP in genes functionally associated to the studied traits and to confirm as candidate other genes already known. 
Five polymorphisms (one new SNP in Calponin 1 gene and four additional polymorphism already known in other genes) were considered on chromosome 2 (SSC2). Calponin 1 (CNN1) was associated to the studied traits and furthermore the results reported confirmed the data already known for Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), Low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), Myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1) e Ubiquitin-like 5 (UBL5), in Italian Large White pigs. Using an in silico search it was possible to detect on SSC2 a new SNP of Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) gene partially overlapping with WD repeat domain 83 (WDR83) gene and significant for the meat pH variation in Italian Large White (ILW) pigs. Perilipin 1 (PLIN1) mapping on chromosome 7 and Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) mapping on chromosome 1 were studied and the results obtained in Duroc breed have shown significant associations with carcass traits. Moreover a study of protein composition of porcine LD muscle, indicated an effect of temperature treatment of carcass, on proteins of the sarcoplasmic fraction and in particular on PGM1 phosphorylation. Future studies on pig meat quality should be based on the integration of different experimental approaches (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, etc).
Localization Properties of the Chalker-Coddington Model
Creators: name: Asch, Joachim
name: Joye, Alain
name: Bourget, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chalker Coddington quantum network percolation model is numerically pertinent to the understanding of the delocalization transition of the quantum Hall effect. We study the model restricted to a cylinder of perimeter 2M. We prove firstly that the Lyapunov exponents are simple and in particular that the localization length is finite; secondly that this implies spectral localization. Thirdly we prove a Thouless formula and compute the mean Lyapunov exponent which is independent of M.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure. New section added in which simplicity of the Lyapunov spectrum and finiteness of the localization length are proven. To appear in Annales Henri Poincare
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ ПРАВООТНОШЕНИЙ И МЕТАВСЕЛЕННОЙ: ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Махамадхужаева, Мунисахон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В настоящем научном тезисе автор рассматривает особенности формирования виртуальной среды в гражданских правоотношениях, а также развитие последних с позиции метавселенной, ввиду чего приходит к выводу о необходимости дальнейшего развития правовой науки в данном направлении, и в скором принятии нового, модернизированного законодательства, регламентирующего цифровые аспекты взаимодействия в гражданских правоотношениях.
Enabling Reproducible Analysis of Complex Workflows on the Edge-to-Cloud Continuum
Creators: name: Rosendo, Daniel
name: Costan, Alexandru
name: Antoniu, Gabriel
name: Valduriez, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed digital infrastructures for computation and analytics are now evolving towards an interconnected ecosystem allowing complex applications to be executed from IoT Edge devices to the HPC Cloud (aka the Computing Continuum, the Digital Continuum, or the Transcontinuum). Understanding end-to-end performance in such a complex continuum is challenging. This breaks down to reconciling many, typically contradicting application requirements and constraints with low-level infrastructure design choices. One important challenge is to accurately reproduce relevant behaviors of a given application workflow and representative settings of the physical infrastructure underlying this complex continuum. We introduce a rigorous methodology for such a process and validate it through E2Clab. It is the first platform to support the complete experimental cycle across the Computing Continuum: deployment, analysis, optimization. Preliminary results with real-life use cases show that E2Clab allows one to understand and improve performance, by correlating it to the parameter settings, the resource usage and the specifics of the underlying infrastructure.
Rural governance and livelihoods systems diversification in the Western Balkans: comparative case studies of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia
Creators: name: Berjan, Sinisa <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: AGR/01 Economia ed estimo rurale

description: Agriculture is still important for socio-economic development in rural areas of Bosnia, Montenegro and Serbia (BMS). However, for sustainable rural development rural economies should be diversified so attention should be paid also to off-farm and non-farm income-generating activities. Agricultural and rural development (ARD) processes and farm activity diversification initiatives should be well governed. The ultimate objective of this work is to explore linkages between ARD governance and rural livelihoods diversification in BMS. The thesis is based on an extended secondary data analysis and surveys. Questionnaires for ARD governance and coordination were sent via email to public, civil society and international organizations. Concerning rural livelihood diversification, the field questionnaire surveys were carried out in three rural regions of BMS. Results show that local rural livelihoods are increasingly diversified but a significant share of households are still engaged in agriculture. Diversification strategies have a chance to succeed taking into consideration the three rural regions’ assets. However, rural households have to tackle many problems for developing new income-generating activities such as the lack of financial resources. Weak business skills are also a limiting factor. Fully exploiting rural economy diversification potential in BMS requires many interventions including improving rural governance, enhancing service delivery in rural areas, upgrading rural people’s human capital, strengthening rural social capital and improving physical capital, access of the rural population to finance as well as creating a favourable and enabling legal and legislative environment fostering diversification. Governance and coordination of ARD policy design, implementation and evaluation is still challenging in the three Balkan countries and this has repercussions also on the pace of rural livelihoods diversification. Therefore, there is a strong and urgent need for mobilization of all rural stakeholders and actors through appropriate governance arrangements in order to foster rural livelihoods diversification and quality of life improvement.
Constrained Superfields and Standard Realization of Nonlinear Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Luo, Hui
name: Luo, Mingxing
name: Zheng, Sibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A constrained superfield formalism has been proposed recently to analyze the low energy physics related to Goldstinos. We prove that this formalism can be reformulated in the language of standard realization of nonlinear supersymmetry. New relations have been uncovered in the standard realization of nonlinear supersymmetry.
description: 8+1 pages, Latex, expanded discussions on scalar and vector fields
Effect of Peculiar Motion in Weak Lensing
Creators: name: Bonvin, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of peculiar motion in weak gravitational lensing. We derive a fully relativistic formula for the cosmic shear and the convergence in a perturbed Friedmann Universe. We find a new contribution related to galaxies peculiar velocity. This contribution does not affect cosmic shear in a measurable way, since it is of second order in the velocity. However, its effect on the convergence (and consequently on the magnification, which is a measurable quantity) is important, especially for redshifts z < 1. As a consequence, peculiar motion modifies also the relation between the shear and the convergence.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; v2: discussion on the reduced shear added (5.C), additional references, version accepted in PRD; v3: mistakes corrected in eqs. (26), (31), (33) and (44); results unchanged
Gravity assisted solution of the mass gap problem for pure Yang-Mills fields
Creators: name: Kholodenko, Arkady L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1979 Louis Witten demonstrated that stationary axially symmetric Einstein field equations and those for static axially symmetric self-dual SU(2) gauge fields can both be reduced to the same (Ernst) equation. In this paper we use this result as point of departure to prove the existence of the mass gap for quantum source-free Yang-Mills (Y-M) fields. The proof is facilitated by results of our recently published paper, JGP 59 (2009) 600-619. Since both pure gravity, the Einstein-Maxwell and pure Y-M fields are described for axially symmetric configurations by the Ernst equation classically, their quantum descriptions are likely to be interrelated. Correctness of this conjecture is successfully checked by reproducing (by different methods) results of Korotkin and Nicolai, Nucl.Phys.B475 (1996) 397-439, on dimensionally reduced quantum gravity. Consequently, numerous new results supporting the Faddeev-Skyrme (F-S) -type models are obtained. We found that the F-S-like model is best suited for description of electroweak interactions while strong interactions require extension of Witten's results to the SU(3) gauge group. Such an extension is nontrivial. It is linked with the symmetry group SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) of the Standard Model. This result is quite rigid and should be taken into account in development of all grand unified theories. Also, the alternative (to the F-S-like) model emerges as by-product of such an extension. Both models are related to each other via known symmetry transformation. Both models possess gap in their excitation spectrum and are capable of producing knotted/linked configurations of gauge/gravity fields. In addition, the paper discusses relevance of the obtained results to heterotic strings and to scattering processes involving topology change. It ends with discussion about usefulness of this information for searches of Higgs boson.
description: 66 pages, version 2, fully revised and updated
CIFRA National Survey: Uruguay August 2010
Creators: name: CIFRA, In Bogliaccini, Juan, And Queirolo Rosario Laboratorio De Opinión Pública And Redes Sociales En Uruguay Collection (Social Networks And Public Opinion Lab Collection)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Family economic situation; purchasing appliances and furniture; the economy; Intendent job approval; industry vs. environment; opinion of increased industrial activity; forest industry/pulp production; agrochemical industry; open pit mining; main problems in Uruguay; health; education; taxes; unemployment; public safety/crime; drugs/drug trafficking; poverty; inflation; the economy; corruption; prison conditions; feeling toward political leaders; José (Pepe) Mujica; Jorge Larrañaga; Pedro Bordaberry; Danilo Astori; Luis Alberto Lacalle; Tabaré Vazquez; Julio Mari a Sanguinetti; party sympathies; better off than previous generation; confidence in large national companies; confidence in large international companies; President José Mujica job approval; unions; public sector vs. private sector labor conditions; economic situation of union workers relative to 5 years ago; Minister of Economy Fernando Lorenzo job approval; Defense Minister Luis Rosadilla job approval; Minister of the Interior Eduardo Bonomi job approval; Minister of Education Ricardo Ehrlich job approval; Minister of Health Daniel Olesker job approval; distribution of contraceptions and condoms; Pereira Rosell Hospital abortion counseling; education funding; new housing construction plan; prison decongestion project; juvenile offender records; relations with Argentina; Law on the Expiration of the Punitive Claims of the State (Expiry Law); 2009 general election; vote for or against parties; Frente Amplio (a leftist political coalition); National Party; Colorado Party; Independent Party; vote for or against candidates. National Agency for Research and Innovation (ANII) Collection.
Inter and intraspecific behaviour of Eumetopias Jubatus and Zalophus Californianus on a winter haulout area
Creators: name: Brenton, Clayton Mearle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An ethogram of 37 behaviour patterns is used to describe inter and intraspecific interactions of five age-sex classes of Eumetopias jubatus and two age-sex classes of Zalophus californianus on a winter haulout area. Larger-older sea lions are dominant to smaller-younger ones, with male E. jubatus dominant to female E. jubatus and male Z. californianus. The behavioural sequences which are used for establishment and maintenance of dominance, and which are important for energy conservation on the breeding rookery, are learned on the non-breeding haulout areas-Challenging and interacting with dominants affords subordinates the opportunity to "move up" the hierarchy relationship and to expand their behavioural repertoire. Older males predominantly use non-body contact displays during interactions. Younger males use more physical body contact behaviour than display behaviour. The majority of extended Z. californianus interactions are in water a few meters deep, whereas E. jubatus males generally joust on land or in water less than one meter deep. When Z. californianus males mimic E. jubatus males during an interaction, an increase in physical aggression is observed for the Z. californianus partner. A lack of metacommunication between the two species was observed on several occasions. As a result of an energy "trade-off", older E. jubatus males occupy a slightly less environmentally preferred area than do other male classes. Females are forced from the environmentally preferred areas by harassment from young E. jubatus males. Zalophus californianus classes are influenced by weather to a greater extent than are E. jubatus classes and do not haul out in areas exposed to chilling winds. The reduced aggressive level of Z. californianus males, as opposed to E. jubatus males, allows individuals of the former species to crowd together and retain body heat during cold weather. Females appear to induce territorial behaviour in old bulls. Pups appear to induce territorial behaviour in lactating females.
Data-driven elastoplastic constitutive modelling with physics-informed RNNs using the Virtual Fields Method for indirect training
Creators: name: Andrade-Campos, António
name: Lourenço, Rúben
name: Georgieva, Petia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Data-driven constitutive model
Recurrent neural networks

description: The increasing demand for accurate material behaviour data in engineering simulations has exposed the limitations of traditional constitutive models. Although recent advances in fullfield measurement techniques provide more detailed material characterization, conventional approaches still heavily rely on explicit assumptions and labour-intensive experimentation. This paper revisits the indirect training methodology introduced by the authors [1], which integrates Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) with Gated-Recurrent Units (GRUs) and the Virtual Fields Method (VFM) to model material behaviour without labelled data. The earlier study demonstrated the feasibility of training a GRU-based RNN using only global force and strain data through the VFM. Building on those findings, this work presents a more robust approach featuring an improved network architecture, with residual connections to enhance gradient flow and training stability, while also incorporating physics-based constraints.Extensive hyperparameter tuning was conducted to optimize the model and a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the impact of the virtual fields on the accuracy and training dynamics. The models were validated using additional heterogeneous mechanical tests and the Reconstructed Axial Force Ratio (RAFR), as a key performance indicator, to further assess the physical correctness. The results show enhanced predictive accuracy and improved forcereconstruction when larger sets of virtual fields are employed. Additionally, normalizing the VFM loss contributed to more consistent predictions and force reconstruction across all time stages. Stress contour plots further confirm the model’s ability to accurately predict stress distributions, which are in good agreement with the reference, with low median and average absolute errors.
On the use of physics-based constraints and validation KPI for data-driven elastoplastic constitutive modelling
Creators: name: Andrade-Campos, António
name: Lourenço, Rúben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Constitutive modelling based on machine learning (ML) approaches has surged in the last couple of decades due to novel and more robust model architectures and computational power. The dependency of these models on large amounts of training data can be mitigated by imposing some phenomenological knowledge as constraints, which also helps maintain the quality of learning. This paper highlights the importance of physics-based constraints in elastoplasticdata-driven constitutive modelling and focuses on model validation methods. Specifically, seven constraints applied to elastoplastic behaviour are identified that can be used during the model training process. To study the effects of these constraints, a set of recurrent neural network (RNN) models is trained using data from virtual mechanical experiments, based on a biaxial cruciform specimen. The models’ ability to accurately learn and predict the fundamental constitutive behaviour is then assessed using the different validation checkpoints, which include (i) statistical metrics, (ii) tests on previously unseen data, from virtual experiments based on different heterogeneous mechanical specimens, (iii) external key performance indicators (KPI) and (iv) single-element finite element analysis (FEA) tests. It was observed that thebenefits of adding constraints to the training process were three-fold, resulting in (i) improved model predictive capacity, as well as (ii) enhanced extrapolation capabilities when tested on different mechanical specimens and (iii) overall improved training speed and stability. The use of independent validation KPI for data-driven constitutive modelling is highlighted and suggested as standard practice in future researches in the field.
A Review in Recent Development of Network Threats and Security Measures
Creators: name: Dastres, Roza
name: Soori, Mohsen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computer Engineering

description: Networks are vulnerable devices due to their basic feature of facilitating remote access and data communication. The information in the networks needs to be kept secured and safe in order to provide an effective communication and sharing device in the web of data. Due to challenges and threats of the data in networks, the network security is one of the most important considerations in information technology infrastructures. As a result, the security measures are considered in the network in order to decrease the probability of accessing the secured data by the hackers. The purpose of network security is to protect the network and its components from unauthorized access and abuse in order to provide a safe and secured communication device for the users. In the present research work a review in recent development of network threats and security measures is presented and future research works are also suggested. Different attacks to the networks and security measured against them are discussed in order to increase security in the web of data. So, new ideas in the network security systems can be presented by analyzing the published papers in order to move forward the research field.
Boligstøttestatistikken
Creators: Danmarks Statistik
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med statistikken om boligstøtte er at belyse antal modtagere af boligsikring og boligydelse samt beløbene modtaget i støtte.
Boligstøttestatistikken er udarbejdet tilbage i tiden; først som huslejetilskud, senere som boligsikring og siden er boligydelse til pensionister kommet til. De første artikler udkom i Statistiske Efterretninger i 1963 og i 1969.
AI Based Waste classifier with Thermo-Rapid Composting
Creators: name: behera, Saswati kumari
name: Y, Aouthithiye Barathwaj SR
name: L, Vasundhara
name: G, Saisudha
name: C, Haariharan N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Waste management is a certainly a very complex and difficult process especially in very large cities. It needs immense man power and also uses up other resources such as electricity and fuel. This creates a need to use a novel method with help of latest technologies. Here in this article we present a new waste classification technique using Computer Vision (CV) and deep learning (DL). To further improve waste classification ability, support machine vectors (SVM) are used. We also decompose the degradable waste with help of rapid composting. In this article we have mainly worked on segregation of municipal solid waste (MSW). For this model, we use YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once) a computer vision-based algorithm popularly used to detect objects which is developed based on Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) which is a machine learning (ML) based tool. They are extensively used to extract features from a data especially image-oriented data. In this article we propose a waste classification technique which will be faster and more efficient. And we decompose the biodegradable waste by Berkley Method of composting (BKC)
description: 4 pages, 8 figures, conference
The monodromy pairing and discrete logarithm on the Jacobian of finite graphs
Creators: name: Shokrieh, Farbod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C50, 14H40, 11Y99

description: Every graph has a canonical finite abelian group attached to it. This group has appeared in the literature under a variety of names including the sandpile group, critical group, Jacobian group, and Picard group. The construction of this group closely mirrors the construction of the Jacobian variety of an algebraic curve. Motivated by this analogy, it was recently suggested by Norman Biggs that the critical group of a finite graph is a good candidate for doing discrete logarithm based cryptography. In this paper, we study a bilinear pairing on this group and show how to compute it. Then we use this pairing to find the discrete logarithm efficiently, thus showing that the associated cryptographic schemes are not secure. Our approach resembles the MOV attack on elliptic curves.
Collider Signatures of Minimal Flavor Mixing from Stop Decay Length Measurements
Creators: name: Hiller, Gudrun
name: Kim, Jong Soo
name: Sedello, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospects to extract supersymmetric couplings from a decay length measurement at the LHC. Specifically, we exploit the opportunity of a light and long-lived stop which is pair-produced through gluinos in association with like-sign top quarks. Any observed finite value of the stop decay length strongly supports models in which flavor is broken in a minimal way solely by the Standard Model Yukawa couplings. We find that a 1 picosecond stop lifetime, dominated by t~ -> c chi^0 decays, yields macroscopic transverse impact parameters of about 180 microns. If the lightest neutralino is predominantly higgsino or very close in mass to the light stop, the stop lifetime even increases and allows to observe stop tracks and possibly secondary vertices directly. Measuring squark flavor violation with the stop decay length works also with a gravitino LSP if the neutralino is the NLSP. For this case, opportunities from t~ -> c chi^0 -> c gamma G~ decays for very light gravitinos with mass <= keV are pointed out.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures; references and minor clarifications added
Optical pulse propagation with minimal approximations
Creators: name: Kinsler, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation equations for optical pulses are needed to assist in describing applications in ever more extreme situations -- including those in metamaterials with linear and nonlinear magnetic responses. Here I show how to derive a single first order propagation equation using a minimum of approximations and a straightforward "factorization" mathematical scheme. The approach generates exact coupled bi-directional equations, after which it is clear that the description can be reduced to a single uni-directional first order wave equation by means of a simple "slow evolution" approximation, where the optical pulse changes little over the distance of one wavelength. It also also allows a direct term-to-term comparison of an exact bi-directional theory with the approximate uni-directional theory.
description: 14 pages, v4 submitted to Phys. Rev. A, v5 include magnetic effects, v6 published in Phys. Rev. A, v7 minor corrections
Adaptive wireless multimedia communication systems
Sistemi di comunicazione multimediali wireless
Creators: name: Toni, Laura <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: ING-INF/03 Telecomunicazioni

description: In recent years, due to the rapid convergence of multimedia services, Internet and wireless communications, there has been a growing trend of heterogeneity (in terms of channel bandwidths, mobility levels of terminals, end-user quality-of-service (QoS) requirements) for emerging integrated wired/wireless networks. Moreover, in nowadays systems, a multitude of users coexists within the same network, each of them with his own QoS requirement and bandwidth availability. In this framework, embedded source coding allowing partial decoding at various resolution is an appealing technique for multimedia transmissions. This dissertation includes my PhD research, mainly devoted to the study of embedded multimedia bitstreams in heterogenous networks, developed at the University of Bologna, advised by Prof. O. Andrisano and Prof. A. Conti, and at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), where I spent
eighteen months as a visiting scholar, advised by Prof. L. B. Milstein and Prof. P. C. Cosman. In order to improve the multimedia transmission quality over wireless channels, joint source and channel coding optimization is investigated in a 2D time-frequency resource block for an
OFDM system. We show that knowing the order of diversity in time and/or frequency domain can assist image (video) coding in selecting optimal channel code rates (source and channel code rates). Then, adaptive modulation techniques, aimed at maximizing the spectral efficiency, are investigated as another possible solution for improving multimedia transmissions. For both slow and fast adaptive modulations, the effects of imperfect channel estimation errors are evaluated, showing that the fast technique, optimal in ideal systems, might be outperformed by the slow adaptive modulation, when a real test case is considered. Finally, the effects of co-channel interference and approximated bit error probability (BEP) are evaluated in adaptive modulation techniques, providing new decision regions concepts, and showing how the widely used BEP
approximations lead to a substantial loss in the overall performance.