cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Field-Induced Transversely Isotropic Shear Response of Ellipsoidal Magnetoactive Elastomers
Creators: name: Chougale, Sanket
name: Romeis, Dirk
name: Saphiannikova, Marina
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Magnetic torque
subject: Magneto-rheological effect
subject: Magnetoactive elastomers
subject: Shear deformations
subject: 600

description: Magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) claim a vital place in the class of field-controllable materials due to their tunable stiffness and the ability to change their macroscopic shape in the presence of an external magnetic field. In the present work, three principal geometries of shear deformation were investigated with respect to the applied magnetic field. The physical model that considers dipole-dipole interactions between magnetized particles was used to study the stress-strain behavior of ellipsoidal MAEs. The magneto-rheological effect for different shapes of the MAE sample ranging from disc-like (highly oblate) to rod-like (highly prolate) samples was investigated along and transverse to the field direction. The rotation of the MAE during the shear deformation leads to a non-symmetric Cauchy stress tensor due to a field-induced magnetic torque. We show that the external magnetic field induces a mechanical anisotropy along the field direction by determining the distinct magneto-mechanical behavior of MAEs with respect to the orientation of the magnetic field to shear deformation.
Context Diversity and Implicit Interethnic Biases: Comparisons Across Geographic Entities and Tasks
Creators: name: Devos, Thierry
name: Sadler, Melody
name: Somo, Angela
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: automatic
subject: diversity
subject: ethnicity
subject: iat
subject: implicit

description: Dimensions of context ethnic diversity -- minority representation, variety, and integration -- have been shown to differentially relate to distinct implicit associations. A systematic examination of four implicit associations (Black-White evaluation, Black-White weapon, Asian-European American, Native-European American) was conducted across 747 counties and 341 metropolitan areas to rule out methodological variations as an explanation for these differences. Black people were evaluated more positively and were less associated with weapons in contexts with higher variety or higher integration combined with lower minority representation. Asian and Native Americans were more strongly associated with the American identity in contexts with higher minority representation and higher variety. Context diversity effects were largely consistent across context type, were seldom moderated by participant ethnicity, and held when controlling context-level education, median income, economic inequalities, proportion of U.S. citizens, and population density. Thus, the specificity of context diversity to implicit association is not attributable to methodological variations.
The Skyrme Tensor Force in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Stevenson, P. D.
name: Suckling, E. B.
name: Fracasso, S.
name: Barton, M. C.
name: Umar, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: [elided for arXiv character count] Purpose: With the advancement of computational power it is now possible to undertake TDHF calculations without any symmetry assumptions and incorporate the major strides made by the nuclear structure community in improving the energy density functionals used in these calculations. In particular, time-odd and tensor terms in these functionals are naturally present during the dynamical evolution, while being absent or minimally important for most static calculations. The parameters of these terms are determined by the requirement of Galilean invariance or local gauge invariance but their significance for the reaction dynamics have not been fully studied. This work addresses this question with emphasis on the tensor force. Method: The full version of the Skyrme force, including terms arising only from the Skyrme tensor force, is applied to the study of collisions within a completely symmetry-unrestricted TDHF implementation. Results: We examine the effect on fusion thresholds with and without the tensor force terms and find an effect on the fusion threshold energy of the order several MeV. Details of the distribution of the energy within terms in the energy density functional is also discussed. Conclusions: Terms in the energy density functional linked to the tensor force can play a non-negligible role in dynamic processes in nuclei, including those in which the terms do not affect ground state properties.
description: 6 pages
A Detection of Gas Associated with the M 31 Stellar Stream
Creators: name: Koch, Andreas
name: Danforth, Charles W.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Ibata, Rodrigo
name: Keeney, Brian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed studies of stellar populations in the halos of the Milky Way and the Andromeda (M 31) galaxies have shown increasing numbers of tidal streams and dwarf galaxies, attesting to a complicated and on-going process of hierarchical structure formation. The most prominent feature in the halo of M 31 is the Giant Stellar Stream, a structure ~4.5 degrees in extent along the sky, which is close to, but not coincident with the galaxy's minor axis. The stars that make up this stream are kinematically and chemically distinct from the other stars in the halo. Here, we present HST/COS high-resolution ultraviolet absorption spectra of three Active Galactic Nuclei sight lines which probe the M 31 halo, including one that samples gas in the main southwestern portion of the Giant Stream. We see two clear absorption components in many metal species at velocities typical of the M 31 halo and a third, blue-shifted component which arises in the stream. Photoionization modeling of the column density ratios in the different components shows gas in an ionization state typical of that seen in other galaxy halo environments and suggests solar to slightly super-solar metallicity, consistent with previous findings from stellar spectroscopy.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Marketing for Social Good—An Ethical Perspective
Creators: name: Hermann, Erik
Publisher: name: Dordrecht : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Ethics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Social good
subject: Well-being
subject: 300
subject: 330

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is (re)shaping strategy, activities, interactions, and relationships in business and specifically in marketing. The drawback of the substantial opportunities AI systems and applications (will) provide in marketing are ethical controversies. Building on the literature on AI ethics, the authors systematically scrutinize the ethical challenges of deploying AI in marketing from a multi-stakeholder perspective. By revealing interdependencies and tensions between ethical principles, the authors shed light on the applicability of a purely principled, deontological approach to AI ethics in marketing. To reconcile some of these tensions and account for the AI-for-social-good perspective, the authors make suggestions of how AI in marketing can be leveraged to promote societal and environmental well-being.
Selected Decisions from Court.
Creators: name: Chane, Gizachew Silesh
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: These are selected decisions from the Federal Supreme Court  Cassation Bench and Amhara Supreme Court Cassation Bench
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 10 No 2 (2020): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Using Astronomical Photographs to Investigate Misconceptions about Galaxies and Spectra: Question Development for Clicker Use
Creators: name: Lee, Hyunju
name: Schneider, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many topics in introductory astronomy at the college or high-school level rely implicitly on using astronomical photographs and visual data in class. However, students bring many preconceptions to their understanding of these materials that ultimately lead to misconceptions, and research about students' interpretation of astronomical images has been scarcely conducted. In this study we probed college students' understanding of astronomical photographs and visual data about galaxies and spectra, and developed a set of concept questions based on their common misconceptions. The study was conducted mainly in three successive surveys: 1) open-ended questions looking for students' ideas and common misconceptions, 2) combined multiple-choice and open-ended questions seeking to explore student reasoning and to improve concept questions for clickers, and 3) a finalized version of the concept questions used to investigate the strength of each misconception among the students in introductory astronomy courses. This study reports on the procedures and the development of the concept questions with the investigated common misconceptions about galaxies and spectra. We also provide the set of developed questions for teachers and instructors seeking to implement in their classes for the purpose of formative assessment with the use of classroom response systems. These questions would help them recognize the gap between their teaching and students' understanding, and ultimately improve teaching of the concepts.
description: published in PRST-PER (July 13, 2015)
Natural mentoring as an effective public health intervention to promote positive adolescent development among adolescents: A Review Paper
Creators: name: Sadur, Melanie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The following literature review is a review of natural mentoring in the United States, and its association with numerous adolescent developmental outcomes. Natural or informal mentoring relationships are relationships in which mentors and mentees are connected through pre-existing social networks and communities. The role of natural mentoring is a relatively new area of research, and a variety of scholars have conducted studies to investigate the effects natural mentoring has on adolescents' academic, emotional, psychological, and health outcomes. The following literature review presents a review of 20 articles with a focus on natural mentoring among adolescents, and demonstrates the association between natural mentoring and academic and psycho-emotional health outcomes. The review concludes with implications for the field of public health.
Bombus lapidarius
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus lapidarius

description: Bombus lapidarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
 25.VI.2014, prairie fleurie du mess, Centaurea sp., 129, Centaurea cyanus, 139; 25.VI.2014, prairie fleurie du parc, fauchoir, 49.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 89, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
The unusual radio afterglow of the ultra-long gamma-ray burst GRB 130925A
Creators: name: Horesh, Assaf
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Hallinan, Gregg
name: Bellm, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 130925A is one of the recent additions to the growing family of ultra-long GRBs (T90$ \gtrsim 1000$ s). While the X-ray emission of ultra-long GRBs have been studied extensively in the past, no comprehensive radio dataset has been obtained so far. We report here the early discovery of an unusual radio afterglow associated with the ultra-long GRB 130925A. The radio emission peaks at low-frequencies ($\sim 7$ GHz) at early times, only $2.2$ days after the burst occurred. More notably, the radio spectrum at frequencies above $10$ GHz exhibits a rather steep cut-off, compared to other long GRB radio afterglows. This cut-off can be explained if the emitting electrons are either mono-energetic or originate from a rather steep, $dN/dE \propto E^{-4}$, power-law energy distribution. An alternative electron acceleration mechanism may be required to produce such an electron energy distribution. Furthermore, the radio spectrum exhibits a secondary underlying and slowly varying component. This may hint that the radio emission we observed is comprised of emission from both a reverse and a forward shock. We discuss our results in comparison with previous works that studied the unusual X-ray spectrum of this event and discuss the implications of our findings on progenitor scenarios.
description: Submitted to ApJ, 8 pages, 3 figures
Facebook Idio-Culture: How Personalisation Puts the Me in Social Media
Creators: name: Richards, Paul
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2017

description: The aim of this study is to examine the extent to which cultural preferences in music in the UK have changed as a result of personalised social media. It is an exploration of the extent to which the boundaries of musical subcultures, and other such cultural groupings have been smudged by a customised Internet, and by the quotidian routine of using social media sites led by influential algorithms, designed to offer us an experience tailored to our own tastes. It also investigates the ways in which a person’s need to use their taste as an outward display of identity or subcultural capital (Thornton 2006) has altered, now that every aspect of life can be advertised on Facebook, Twitter and other such websites. With the rise of technologies such as ‘online recommenders’ this research evaluates whether the new technology, rather than helping, has hindered our ability to predict the tastes of an individual, and instead, whether it shepherds us through the abundance of data now readily available to us at the touch of a button. It examines, also how the filtering of accessible information, deemed relevant for us by such technologies affects our tastes and behaviour. In terms of primary research, an Investigation is conducted, focussing on a target group of individuals linked by a Facebook fan Page, following a mixed methods approach, consisting of an in-depth, self-completion questionnaire designed to collate quantitative data on the demographic, an observation by means of analytical tracking software, written specifically for this thesis examining the online behaviour of the participants as they create and recommend a musical playlist, and also a series of more open, qualitative interviews. The thesis concludes by acknowledging that musical taste is affected both implicitly by our habitus (Bourdieu 1984) and explicitly by means of algorithmic personalisation in a pincer movement, narrowing our tastes and channelling our musical choices.
Ethiopian Law on Arbitral Interim Measures: Towards Dispelling the Ambivalence
Creators: name: Tizazu, Nigussie
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: The recognition and application interim measures amidst litigation proceedings could help the proper protection of the rights of the parties and increase the efficacy of process. This holds true for arbitration proceeding as well. Traditionally, the power to order interim and precautionary measures in arbitration proceedings have been exercised by regular courts virtually in all jurisdictions. Nowadays, that jurisprudence has changed in several jurisdictions. International institutions such as the UNCITRAL have facilitated the development of trends that vests arbitral tribunals more legitimacy, trust and power including the power to order interim measures. UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (hereinafter UNCITRAL Model Law) provides the baseline rules for arbitration in general. These rules vest arbitral tribunals the power to order interim measure. The model law has influenced several jurisdictions and it is shaping the rules regarding the power to order interim measures. The Civil Procedure Code (CPC) of Ethiopia which deals with arbitration does not seem to specifically address interim measures to be granted by tribunals. The implication of such legal silence on the exercise of the power to order interim measures by tribunals has not been researched well so far. This work examined legal stance and the practice of arbitration tribunals to order arbitral interim measures in Ethiopia. To this end, the study employed a qualitative research method focusing on reviewing documents (such as relevant laws, arbitral awards, case files, and related literature) and conducting a series of interviews. The analysis of Ethiopian law, arbitrators’ practices, and decisions of courts showed that arbitrators have the power to grant interim measures but the legal discourse and the practice suffered uncertainties. This author argued for a bold step, in Ethiopia, to assure arbitral tribunals unquestionable power to order interim measures.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 10 No 2 (2020): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Differences in optical properties of males and females pupae of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Creators: name: Mundstock Jahnke, Simone
name: Gebbers, Robin
name: Capella Zanotta, Daniel
name: Intreβ, Joachim
Publisher: name: Bogotá : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Anastrepha fraterculus
subject: Diptera
subject: Image analyses
subject: Insect mass production
subject: Insect rearing
subject: Sterile insect technique
subject: Tephritidae
subject: 590

description: One alternative to pesticide-based control of important fruit fly (Tephritidae) species is the sterile insect technique (SIT). SIT is based on mass releases of sterile males (subjected to radiation) to control a given pest population. For several important species such as Rhagoletis pomonella, Bractocera oleae and Anastrepha fraterculus, a technical challenge is to differentiate males from females in the pupal stage. Although for some species sterile females are released in the field, it is not desirable to release females from Anastrepha spp. as puncture damage may occur. Therefore, we investigated hyperspectral and RGB imaging to classify the sex in A. fraterculus pupae. We aimed to discriminate, through the description of RGB spectra and hyperespectral profiles, males and females in different stages of pupal development. Images of pupae of different degree-day (DD) development times were obtained. The hyperspectral profiles pupae of 288, 345 and 403 DD showed differences, indicating that pupal hue is altered throughout the development. In the NIR spectrum (800 to 1,700 nm), a higher reflectance between 1,100 and 1,400 nm was observed. In these bands differences in the spatial standard deviation of reflectance between males and females occur. As for the RGB images we observed differences in radiometric variation angle from the top to the basal part of the pupae. For females the radiometric variation angle was greater (26°) than for the males (15°). Thus, it is possible to determine discriminatory characteristics using the spectral profiles, imaging techniques and data analysis to discriminate the sexes.
Impact of Axions on Confinement in Three and Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Anber, Mohamed M.
name: Shifman, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss well-known three- and two-dimensional models with confinement, namely, the Polyakov compact electrodynamics in 3D and two-dimensional CP(N-1) sigma model, and reveal changes in the confining regimes of these model upon adding the axion field. In both cases the addition of axion has a drastic impact. In the CP(N-1) model the axion-induced deconfinement was known previously, but we discuss a new feature not considered in the previous publication.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
3D Quantification of Vascular-Like Structures in z Stack Confocal Images
Creators: name: Bonda, Ulrich
name: Jaeschke, Anna
name: Lighterness, Anthony
name: Baldwin, Jeremy
name: Werner, Carsten
name: De-Juan-Pardo, Elena M.
name: Bray, Laura J.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell culture
subject: Microscopy
subject: Tissue Engineering
subject: 600

description: Optical slice microscopy is commonly used to characterize the morphometric features of 3D cellular cultures, such as in vitro vascularization. However, the quantitative analysis of those structures is often performed on a single 2D maximum intensity projection image, limiting the accuracy of data obtained from 3D cultures. Here, we present a protocol for the quantitative analysis of z stack images, utilizing Fiji, Amira, and WinFiber3D. This protocol facilitates the in-depth examination of vascular-like structures within 3D cell culture models.
Frequency-Dependent Selection at Rough Expanding Fronts
Creators: name: Kuhr, Jan-Timm
name: Stark, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Microbial colonies are experimental model systems for studying the colonization of new territory by biological species through range expansion. We study a generalization of the two-species Eden model, which incorporates local frequency-dependent selection, in order to analyze how social interactions between two species influence surface roughness of growing microbial colonies. The model includes several classical scenarios from game theory. We then concentrate on an expanding public goods game, where either cooperators or defectors take over the front depending on the system parameters. We analyze in detail the critical behavior of the nonequilibrium phase transition between global cooperation and defection and thereby identify a new universality class of phase transitions dealing with absorbing states. At the transition, the number of boundaries separating sectors decays with a novel power law in time and their superdiffusive motion crosses over from Eden scaling to a nearly ballistic regime. In parallel, the width of the front initially obeys Eden roughening and, at later times, passes over to selective roughening.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Bombus pascuorum
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Bombus
Bombus pascuorum

description: Bombus pascuorum (Scopoli, 1793)
25.VI.2014, prairie fleurie du parc, fauchoir, 109.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 89, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
Cain as the Demonic Procreative by-product of Original Sin and his Role in the Destiny of Humanity: A Rabbinic and Kabbalistic Understanding of The Forbidden Fruit from the Garden of Eden (with Special Doomsday Gallery)
Creators: name: Clark, Tamah Jada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Studies in religious traditions (excl. Eastern, Jewish, Christian and Islamic traditions)
Religion, society and culture
Other human society not elsewhere classified
History of religion

description: Nearly every adult is familiar with the story of Adam and Eve, and the Garden of Eden: a newly created being wonders off from her husband and lands herself, and all of Humanity, in a lot of trouble. On the advice of a garroulous serpent, she partakes of a fruity botanical substance that somehow causes her to immediately feel ashamed of her reproductive organs, receive a death sentence, and be exiled from her home. But since when is hunger a crime? And why was the punishent thereof so severe? These are questions that have baffled many and led to the belief that the story is either purely allegorical, or inexplicably nonsensical. However, adequate consideration for Jewish orthodoxy and mysticism will reveal a truth hidden in the Bible for thousands of years, and explain how the events of the Garden will lead the world to the Battle of Armageddon.
Formation of S0 galaxies through mergers: Explaining angular momentum and concentration change from spirals to S0s
Creators: name: Querejeta, Miguel
name: Eliche-Moral, M. Carmen
name: Tapia, Trinidad
name: Borlaff, Alejandro
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Lyubenova, Mariya
name: Martig, Marie
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Méndez-Abreu, Jairo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CALIFA team has recently found that the stellar angular momentum and concentration of late-type spiral galaxies are incompatible with those of lenticular galaxies (S0s), concluding that fading alone cannot satisfactorily explain the evolution from spirals into S0s. Here we explore whether major mergers can provide an alternative way to transform spirals into S0s by analysing the spiral-spiral major mergers from the GalMer database that lead to realistic, relaxed S0-like galaxies. We find that the change in stellar angular momentum and concentration can explain the differences in the $λ_\mathrm{Re}$--$R_{90}/R_{50}$ plane found by the CALIFA team. Major mergers thus offer a feasible explanation for the transformation of spirals into S0s.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in A&A
Confined Flares in Solar Active Region 12192 from 2014 October 18 to 29
Creators: name: Chen, Huadong
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Ma, Suli
name: Yang, Shuhong
name: Li, Leping
name: Huang, Xin
name: Xiao, Junmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), we investigate six X-class and twenty-nine M-class flares occurring in solar active region (AR) 12192 from October 18 to 29. Among them, thirty (including six X- and twenty-four M-class) flares originated from the AR core and the other five M-flares appeared at the AR periphery. Four of the X-flares exhibited similar flaring structures, indicating they were homologous flares with analogous triggering mechanism. The possible scenario is: photospheric motions of emerged magnetic fluxes lead to shearing of the associated coronal magnetic field, which then yields a tether-cutting favorable configuration. Among the five periphery M-flares, four were associated with jet activities. The HMI vertical magnetic field data show that the photospheric fluxes of opposite magnetic polarities emerged, converged and canceled with each other at the footpoints of the jets before the flares. Only one M-flare from the AR periphery was followed by a coronal mass ejection (CME). From October 20 to 26, the mean decay index of the horizontal background field within the height range of 40-105 Mm is below the typical threshold for torus instability onset. This suggests that a strong confinement from the overlying magnetic field might be responsible for the poor CME production of AR 12192.
Online Learning for Monitoring and Evaluation: A Report Prepared for MEASURE Evaluation
Creators: name: Bernadotte, Christina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Objective: MEASURE Evaluation works to increase the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) capacity of the global public health workforce and is expanding their online learning portfolio. This study aims to identify background characteristics of those who have completed MEASURE Evaluation’s first online course M&E Fundamentals; determine satisfaction with- and future interest in online M&E courses; establish accessibility and identify barriers to online learning; and provide recommendations as MEASURE Evaluation expands their online learning portfolio. Methods: An online survey was sent to 2,225 people who completed the online M&E Fundamentals course using Qulatrics survey software. Data was collected over three weeks, and results were analyzed. Results: The majority of the respondents are young professionals with some graduate education, have consistent internet access, and respond positively to future online M&E courses. Barriers were limited, but include frequent internet “time-outs”. Recommendations include developing courses at different learning levels, providing content area certificates, updating courses regularly, providing printable materials, increasing use of case studies, and developing feedback systems between students and instructors. Conclusion: MEASURE Evaluation is well positioned to increase M&E capacity globally by expanding the online learning portfolio.
Constitutional Design in Divided Societies: the Ethiopian approachConstitutional Design in Divided Societies
Creators: name: Ayele, Gosaye
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: One of the biggest challenges divided societies, in which identity conflicts spill over into political or become political, face is how to manage conflict that arise from or are based on ethnic, linguistic, religious differences. Among a variety of responses, constitutional design is one. Two of the most prominent writers on the issue, ArentdtLijphart and Donald Horwitz, though they agree on the impropriety of Western Majoritarian democracy for countries with divided societies; they disagree on the alternative constitutional design for these countries. They have presented a competing constitutional design. Lijphart advocates consociationalism, Horowitz centriptalism. The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) Constitution, designed with the spirit of addressing these challenges, does not comport with these alternative constitutional designs offered. Centriptalism is out of the equation of the makers of the constitution. Though the Constitution exhibits certain elements of the features of consociationalism, it has overlooked the central features of consociationalism such as the proportional representation electoral system and executive power sharing, among others. If the prospect for peace and democracy in divided societies is as suggested by these models, Ethiopia does not have a proper constitutional design that addresses the challenges of divided societies.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 7 No 1 (2016): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
title: Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences
Creators: name:   Liesch , Tanja
name:   Broda , Stefan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: With its successful application in diverse disciplines, Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially Machine Learning, has recently also become more and more popular in geosciences, particularly in the advent of increasingly affordable high performance computational power and the open source mentality of the AI community. The applications range from spatial classification and regression tasks, time-series forecasting, image/signal processing, anomaly detection, event classification, bias correction, and many others, and include for example artificial neural networks, support vector machines, self-organizing maps, decision trees, random forests, or genetic programming. Particular topics of interest of this session include but are not limited to: 1) Novel application examples of AI models in geosciences, e.g. intelligent reservoir characterization, seismic and remote sensing data processing, well logging, rainfall-runoff modelling, forecasts of environmental time series etc., 2) novel theory or advanced model types for geoscience applications, including integrating physical constraints, 3) comparison between AI/ML algorithms and that of physically-based or statistically-based models, 4) explainable AI, and 5) machine learning-assisted data analytics.
The Electroweak Vacuum Angle at Finite Temperature and Implications for Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Long, Andrew J.
name: Patel, Hiren H.
name: Trodden, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate a study of cosmological implications of sphaleron-mediated CP-violation arising from the electroweak vacuum angle under the reasonable assumption that the semiclassical suppression is lifted at finite temperature. In this article, we explore the implications for existing scenarios of baryogenesis. Many compelling models of baryogenesis rely on electroweak sphalerons to relax a $(B+L)$ charge asymmetry. Depending on the sign of the CP-violating parameter, it is shown that the erasure of positive $(B+L)$ will proceed more or less quickly than the relaxation of negative $(B+L)$. This is a higher order effect in the kinetic equation for baryon number, which we derive here through order $n_{B+L}^2$. Its impact on known baryogenesis models therefore seems minor, since phenomenologically $n_{B+L}$ is much smaller than the entropy density. However, there remains an intriguing unexplored possibility that baryogenesis could be achieved with the vacuum angle alone providing the required CP-violation.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Nomada flava Panzer 1798
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Nomada
Nomada flava

description: Nomada flava Panzer, 1798 (Panzer, 1798)
24.IV.2013, au sol, 2J.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 89, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631
A Literature Review on the Conceptualization of Women’s Empowerment
Creators: name: Arnoff, Elly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This literature review starts out by discussing the relevancy of women’s empowerment as an approach to address gender inequality in societies. It then goes on to illustrate three strong models of women’s empowerment in contemporary development literature, breaking down the process by fundamental concepts and phases. The frameworks serve to educate development actors on how to better measure the process and identify programs and policies that promote the empowerment approach. After looking at the frameworks, the review addresses key measurement considerations, such as dimensions of women’s empowerment and levels of data aggregation, as well as cross-cultural concerns in utilizing a universal empowerment approach.
$1/f^α$ noise and generalized diffusion in random Heisenberg spin systems
Creators: name: Agarwal, Kartiek
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Martin, Ivar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the `flux noise' spectrum of random-bond quantum Heisenberg spin systems using a real-space renormalization group (RSRG) procedure that accounts for both the renormalization of the system Hamiltonian and of a generic probe that measures the noise. For spin chains, we find that the dynamical structure factor $S_q(f)$, at finite wave-vector $q$, exhibits a power-law behavior both at high and low frequencies $f$, with exponents that are connected to one another and to an anomalous dynamical exponent through relations that differ at $T = 0$ and $T = \infty$. The low-frequency power-law behavior of the structure factor is inherited by any generic probe with a finite band-width and is of the form $1/f^α$ with $0.5 < α< 1$. An analytical calculation of the structure factor, assuming a limiting distribution of the RG flow parameters (spin size, length, bond strength) confirms numerical findings. More generally, we demonstrate that this form of the structure factor, at high temperatures, is a manifestation of anomalous diffusion which directly follows from a generalized spin-diffusion propagator. We also argue that $1/f$-noise is intimately connected to many-body-localization at finite temperatures. In two dimensions, the RG procedure is less reliable; however, it becomes convergent for quasi-one-dimensional geometries where we find that one-dimensional $1/f^α$ behavior is recovered at low frequencies; the latter configurations are likely representative of paramagnetic spin networks that produce $1/f^α$ noise in SQUIDs.
description: 22 pages, 21 figures
Constraining the parameters of the pulsar wind nebula DA 495 and its pulsar with Chandra and XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Karpova, A.
name: Zyuzin, D.
name: Danilenko, A.
name: Shibanov, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectral and timing analyses of the X-ray emission from the pulsar wind nebula DA 495 and its central object, J1952.2+2925, suggested to be the pulsar, using archival Chandra and XMM-Newton data. J1952.2+2925 has a pure thermal spectrum which is equally well fitted either by the blackbody model with a temperature of $\approx 215$ eV and an emitting area radius of $\approx 0.6$ km or by magnetized neutron star atmosphere models with temperatures of 80-90 eV. In the latter case the thermal emission can come from the entire neutron star surface which temperature is consistent with standard neutron star cooling scenarios. We place also an upper limit on the J1952.2+2925 nonthermal flux. The derived spectral parameters are generally compatible with published ones based only on the Chandra data, but they are much more accurate due to the inclusion of XMM-Newton data. No pulsations were found and we placed an upper limit for the J1952.2+2925 pulsed emission fraction of 40 per cent. Utilizing the interstellar absorption-distance relation, we estimated the distance to DA 495, which can be as large as 5 kpc if J1952.2+2925 emission is described by the atmosphere models. We compiled possible multi-wavelength spectra of the nebula including radio data; they depend on the spectral model of the central object. Comparing the results with other pulsar plus wind nebula systems we set reasonable constraints on the J1952.2+2925 spin-down luminosity and age. We suggest that the Fermi source 3FGL J1951.6+2926 is the likely $γ$-ray counterpart of J1952.2+2925.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A possible geometrical origin of the accelerated expansion of the universe
Creators: name: Montiel, Ariadna
name: Bretón, Nora
name: Cordero, Rubén
name: Rojas, Efraín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modified geodetic brane cosmology (MGBC) is tested with observational data. The MGBC is derived from the geodetic brane gravity action corrected by the extrinsic curvature of the braneworld. The density parameter coming from this additional term produces an accelerated expansion of geometrical origin. Subject to the Supernovae Ia, Observable Hubble parameter, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmic Microwave Background probes, the obtained fit provides enough evidence in the sense that the extrinsic curvature effect is able to reproduce the accelerated expansion of the universe without need of invoking dark energy, exotic matter or cosmological constant. Moreover the MGBC is free of the problems present in other braneworld models.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Ethiopian Parole Laws and Their Enforcement in Bahir Dar Prison
Creators: name: Ejigu, Belayneh Admasu
name: Feleke, Alemu Dagnew
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: In Ethiopia, a court may, upon the recommendation of a prison, order that an inmate shall be, after serving two-third of the sentence of the imprisonment and securing good characteristic, conditionally released from the prison and s/he will serve the remaining one-third of the imprisonment within the society. Despite common and long time implementation of the laws, the Inmates of the prison grumble that critical legal and practical challenges exist there in. With the main objective of scientifically identifying the challenges, the study employed a qualitative research method to enquire the concerns and methodologically analyze the tremendous data collected from informants. In conclusion, it ascertained the existence of the legal gaps and practical challenges encumbering effective implementation of parole laws in the prison.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 7 No 1 (2016): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
On infinitesimal Einstein deformations
Creators: name: Kroencke, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study infinitesimal Einstein deformations on compact flat manifolds and on product manifolds. Moreover, we prove refinements of results by Koiso and Bourguignon which yield obstructions on the existence of infinitesimal Einstein deformations under certain curvature conditions.
description: 17 papers. This paper contains parts of arXiv:1311.6749v1 which did not appear in the published version
Legal Practice Experience for an Engaged Scholarship
Creators: name: Beyene, Temesgen Sisay
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: Theoretical and practical experience of law instructors is very essential to handle practice- oriented and clinical courses in law schools. Unless theory is integrated with practical experience, quality education may be compromised. This article explores the relationship between legal practical experience of law instructors and quality legal education in law schools. In doing so, the writer examined the legal regime in Ethiopia that regulates the licensing and registration of advocates to practice law in Ethiopian courts vis-à-vis the curriculum of law schools and proves that there is no law that permits law instructors to access advocates’ licenses. Moreover, it examined the experiences of selected countries. The findings of this article revealed that, the delivery of clinical and practice-oriented courses in Ethiopian law schools were managed by instructors with no practical legal experience, and quality of instruction is compromised. To ensure quality education through an engaged scholarship, access to advocate’s license for law instructors needs an immediate response and the law should be revised to pave the way for law instructors to deliver an engaged scholarship in their career.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 7 No 1 (2016): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
title: Geodynamic and its influence on topography evolution in Central and Northern Europe: From the Past to the Present
Creators: name:   Guillocheau , Francois
name:   Krob , Florian
name:   Bunge , Hans-Peter
name:   Francois Guillocheau , Francois
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Central and Northern Europe has experienced several stages of geodynamic evolution leading to significant changes of topography in the past. Whereas the Caledonian and Variscan topographic evolution is caused by the collision of different plates at their borders the topographic and sedimentological evolution over the last 100 Myr in Central Europe occurs within the plate. Historically, fare field effects of the Alpine orogeny and the rotation of Spain are taken as the geodynamic cause for the change of the Central European Lithosphere. Nevertheless, the initial state and topography of the Central European Lithosphere at 100 Myr is important to understand the Post-100 Myr evolution. Significant exhumation, local subsidence and magmatic activities are key players during the last 100 Myr. Newly dated tectonic movements shed a new light on the multiple structural evolution during this time interval. As salt layers are important throughout the European lithosphere their influence on all processes have to be considered and understood. To unravel the geodynamic causes for the topographic evolution within the Central European plate various data sets have to be combined. Therefore, the session seeks for contributions from Central to Northern Europe including the Alpine Orogeny by using tomography, seismic interpretations, thermochronology, structural interpretations, isotopic dating, sedimentology, salt deposits magmatic and metamorphic petrology and map interpretations. We would appreciate contributions describing the Early Mesozoic geodynamic evolution of Central Europe as well.
Supporting North Carolina Families Facing Cancer: A Community-Engaged Exploration of Assets, Barriers, and Needs
Creators: name: Doernberg, Alison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Objective: Families dealing with the cancer diagnosis of a parent face complex psychosocial challenges. Using an engaged, sustainable approach, this project aimed to explore the assets and needs of families, identify barriers to resource utilization, and enable Cancer Services, a nonprofit organization in Winston Salem, NC, to more effectively support families facing cancer. Methods: The project involved two components: 1) an abbreviated needs assessment including focus groups, an online client survey, key informant interviews, and other outreach to identify the assets and needs of families facing cancer and the strengths and gaps in Cancer Services' current offerings for families, and 2) guided by needs assessment findings and evidence-based practices in cancer support for families, development of a comprehensive, updated family resource kit, including paper and online materials, that reflects the needs of Cancer Services clients. Results: Identified areas of challenge for families facing cancer included family communication, finances and logistics of daily living, and emotional and behavioral health. Structural and psychosocial barriers to resource access were discussed. Six dimensions of successful family navigation of cancer were identified: connection, positivity, adaptability, control, acceptance, and resilience. Conclusions: Beyond the local context of Cancer Services, these findings have broad implications for maternal and child health research and practice. Future study of the characteristics of families who thrive in the face of cancer will facilitate development of interventions that enable family resilience.
Hylaeus brevicornis Nylander 1852
Creators: name: Pauly, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Colletidae
Hylaeus
Hylaeus brevicornis

description: Hylaeus brevicornis Nylander, 1852
 19.VI.1999, Heracleum mantegazzianum, 1J.
description: Published as part of Pauly, Alain, 2019, Contribution à l'inventaire des abeilles sauvages de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et de la Forêt de Soignes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 1-160 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 79 on page 93, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13692631