Using an active phase cancellation and multipair design for in-vivo focal temporal interference electrical brain stimulation: Towards focal non-invasive electrical brain stimulation
Creators: name: Savvateev, Iurii
name: Missey, Florian
name: Beliaeva, Valeriia
name: Kindler, Diana
name: Razansky, Daniel
name: Markicevic, Marija
name: Cassara, Antonino
name: Neufeld, Esra
name: Williamson, Adam
name: Polania, Rafael
name: Zerbi, Valerio
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Engineering
subject: fMRI BOLD
subject: brain stimulation
subject: Animals
subject: Temporal Interferece
subject: Multipair Temporal Interference
subject: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/570
subject: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/500
subject: Life sciences
subject: Natural sciences
subject: FOS: Natural sciences

description: Temporal Interference Stimulation (TI) (1) represents a novel technique for deep brain stimulation, aiming to integrate the depth characteristic of conventional deep brain stimulation protocols with the non-invasive nature of transcranial electric and magnetic stimulations (tACS and TMS). Recent publications in both mice and humans explicitly demonstrated that deep brain areas including the hippocampus and the striatum could be stimulated using TI (2, 3). However, whereas TI stimulation is set to be focused on a specific region of interest (ROI), other off-target areas may still be stimulated due to the field propagation. This is a major concern when TI is employed at high stimulation amplitudes, as off-target stimulations have a potential to cause unwanted side effects such as epileptic convulsions (2).
description: In the present study, we used a computational modelling approach to identify electrode locations for targeting prelimbic/infralimbic cortex (PL/IL) in mice. Using in-vivo electrophysiological recordings (Ephys) and functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) we verified the presence of TI stimulation in the PL/IL but also identified several off-target stimulated areas. We then tested a new configuration with three electrode pairs, one of which has an active phase shift of 180 degrees in relation to the other two TI-inducing pairs. The usage of the phase-shifted field allowed us to cancel TI in a predefined brain area, and we further characterized this TI cancellation effect with Ephys and fMRI. Finally, using Ephys, we demonstrated that an additional phase-shifted cancellation field can be used to improve the focality of TI by reducing off-target stimulations without significantly affecting the TI field in ROI.
description: References:
1. Grossman N, Bono D, Dedic N, Kodandaramaiah SB, Rudenko A, Suk HJ, et al. Noninvasive Deep Brain Stimulation via Temporally Interfering Electric Fields. Cell. 2017;169(6):1029-41 e16.
2. Missey F, Rusina E, Acerbo E, Botzanowski B, Trebuchon A, Bartolomei F, et al. Orientation of Temporal Interference for Non-invasive Deep Brain Stimulation in Epilepsy. Front Neurosci. 2021;15:633988.
3. Wessel MJ, Beanato E, Popa T, Windel F, Menoud P, Beliaeva V, et al. Evidence for temporal interference (TI) stimulation effects on motor striatum. Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation. 2021;14(6):1684