cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Role of a Novel Probiotic in Immune Homeostasis, Microbiome and MicroRNAs' Modulation at the Gut and Brain Levels
Creators: name: Yahfoufi, Nour
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Probiotic
mucosal immunity
immuno-modulation
microbiome
depression
cytokines
inflammation
puberty
neuroinflammation
anxiety
hippocampus
serotonine
miRNAS
LPS
5HT1A
mental health
Raphé-nuclei
gastro-intestinal tolerance
Behaviour

description: Numerous studies have focused on identifying novel probiotic-based treatment options for immune homeostasis maintenance and favorable modulation of the gut microbiota which acts as a key regulator of the gut-brain axis. Recently, probiotics interventions are gaining interest as effective approaches to treat neuropsychiatric disorders through the gut-brain axis. However, there is limiting knowledge about probiotics' effects during puberty on the developing brain and immune responses. Probiotic intake could offer a strategy to counteract the immune, microbial and behavioral disturbances induced by inflammatory LPS. Thus, we hypothesized that the intake of a novel probiotic bacterium Rouxiella badensis subsp. acadiensis would modulate the immune response and that pubertal administration could mitigate LPS- induced inflammation and prevent enduring behavioral changes later in life. We investigated the interaction of the probiotic with the intestinal mucosa and its ability of modulating the gut mucosal immunity (Article 1). Next, we examined the ability of pubertal treatment with R. badensis subsp. acadiensis to alleviate LPS-induced anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors in adult male and female mice and to affect the expression of 5HT1A receptors in specific brain areas of adult mice (Article 2). We finally studied the ability of R. badensis subsp. acadiensis treatment during puberty to mitigate the effects of LPS on the immune system and on the gut microbiome composition (Article 3). These studies have demonstrated the ability of R. badensis subsp. acadiensis to survive the gastrointestinal conditions, interact with the gut epithelium and modulate the intestinal homeostasis. Pubertal use of the bacterium was associated with sex-specific effects on the acute immune response, microbiome structure, enduring neurobehavioral outcomes and the expression of 5HT1A receptors in specific brain areas, later in life. This dissertation emphasizes on the importance of puberty as a window of opportunities during which probiotic use can alleviate the long-term neural, behavioral, immunological and microbiome alterations induced by stress.
Numerical simulations of quiet Sun magnetism: On the contribution from a small-scale dynamo
Creators: name: Rempel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a series of radiative MHD simulations addressing the origin and distribution of mixed polarity magnetic field in the solar photosphere. To this end we consider numerical simulations that cover the uppermost 2-6 Mm of the solar convection zone and we explore scales ranging from 2 km to 25 Mm. We study how the strength and distribution of magnetic field in the photosphere and subsurface layers depend on resolution, domain size and boundary conditions. We find that 50% of the magnetic energy at the τ=1 level comes from field with the less than 500 G strength and that 50% of the energy resides on scales smaller than about 100 km. While probability distribution functions are essentially independent of resolution, properly describing the spectral energy distribution requires grid spacings of 8 km or smaller. The formation of flux concentrations in the photosphere exceeding 1 kG requires a mean vertical field strength greater than 30-40 G at τ=1. The filling factor of kG flux concentrations increases with overall domain size as magnetic field becomes organized by larger, longer lived flow structures. A solution with a mean vertical field strength of around 85 G at τ=1 requires a subsurface RMS field strength increasing with depth at the same rate as the equipartition field strength. We consider this an upper limit for the quiet Sun field strength, which implies that most of the convection zone is magnetized close to equipartition. We discuss these findings in view of recent high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations of quiet Sun magnetism.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A Semi-blind PCA-based Foreground Subtraction Method for 21 cm Intensity Mapping
Creators: name: Zuo, Shifan
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Mao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method are widely used for foreground subtraction in 21 cm intensity mapping experiments. We show their equivalence, and point out that the condition for completely clean separation of foregrounds and cosmic 21 cm signal using the PCA/SVD is unrealistic. We propose a PCA-based foreground subtraction method, dubbed "Singular Vector Projection (SVP)" method, which exploits a priori information of the left and/or right singular vectors of the foregrounds. We demonstrate with simulation tests that this new, semi-blind method can reduce the error of the recovered 21 cm signal by orders of magnitude, even if only the left and/or right singular vectors in the largest few modes are exploited. The SVP estimators provide a new, effective approach for 21 cm observations to remove foregrounds and uncover the physics in the cosmic 21 cm signal.
description: Comments welcome
Mapping out the glassy landscape of a mesoscopic elastoplastic model
Creators: name: Kumar, Dheeraj
name: Patinet, Sylvain
name: Maloney, Craig E.
name: Regev, Ido
name: Vandembroucq, Damien
name: Mungan, Muhittin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a mesoscopic model to study the plastic behavior of an amorphous material under cyclic loading. The model is depinning-like and driven by a disordered thresholds dynamics which are coupled by long-range elastic interactions. We propose a simple protocol of "glass preparation" which allows us to mimic thermalisation at high temperature, as well as aging at vanishing temperature. Various levels of glass stabilities (from brittle to ductile) can be achieved by tuning the aging duration. The aged glasses are then immersed into a quenched disorder landscape and serve as initial configurations for various protocols of mechanical loading by shearing. The dependence of the plastic behavior upon monotonous loading is recovered. The behavior under cyclic loading is studied for different ages and system sizes. The size and age dependence of the irreversibility transition is discussed. A thorough characterization of the disorder-landscape is achieved through the analysis of the transition graphs, which describe the plastic deformation pathways under athermal quasi-static shear. In particular, the analysis of the stability ranges of the strongly connected components of the transition graphs reveals the emergence of a phase-separation like process associated with the aging of the glass. Increasing the age and hence stability of the initial glass, results in a gradual break-up of the landscape of dynamically accessible stable states into three distinct regions: one region centered around the initially prepared glass phase, and two additional regions, characterized by well-separated ranges of positive and negative plastic strains, each of which is accessible only from the initial glass phase by passing through the stress peak in the forward, respectively, backward shearing directions.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, including supplemental material
Global Search Trends: Geographic and Temporal Disparities in the Relative Search Volume for Orofacial Pain Types
Creators: name: Dalanon, Junhel
name: Waskitho, Arief
name: Chavan, Parimal
name: Lakshmi, Swarna
name: Matsuka, Yoshizo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Google Trends
Trend Analysis
Time Series
Orofacial Pain

description: Background and Aims In the information era, seeking health information from search engines is not uncommon. These search trends or relative search volumes (RSV) have been used in the past to evaluate and forecast epidemics. This study aimed to evaluate the variations of the searches for orofacial pain types from 197 countries in a decade using Google Trends (GT). Methods A search query was done with the parameters Worldwide as location, January 1, 2010-December 31, 2019 as time range, Health as category, Web Search as database, and the search terms tooth pain (TP), jaw pain (JP), face pain (FP), head pain (HP), and mouth pain (MP) were used. Comma-separated value files were downloaded from the internet and analyzed. Search trends were expressed as RSV or the maximum popularity rate in a given search term, place, and time. Results The results of a two-way ANOVA found substantial differences on the RSV for types of pain, F (26, 1215) = 39.47, p< 0.001. Out of the 27 countries that elicited a response, HP was found to be significantly higher than any other orofacial pain type in India, Ireland, Kenya, Pakistan and South Africa. A Brown-Forsythe and Welch ANOVA found considerable disparities in search trends for various types of pain, F (4, 21) = 40.86, p< 0.001. A Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test revealed that the RSV for JP (29.2±2.1, p< 0.001), FP (14.8±1.0, p< 0.001) and MP (16.4±1.3, p< 0.001) were significantly lower than TP (65.8±6.6). There was no statistically significant difference between TP and HP (p >0.999). Conclusions This study revealed an increasing interest in orofacial pain over a period of a decade. The use of GT may offer an invaluable insight into global information-seeking behavior in terms of orofacial pain.
Classical $n$-body system in volume variables. II. Four-body case
Creators: name: Escobar-Ruiz, A. M.
name: Turbiner, Alexander V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is evident that the positions of 4 bodies in $d>2$ dimensional space can be identified with vertices of a tetrahedron. Square of volume of the tetrahedron, weighted sum of squared areas of four facets and weighted sum of squared edges are called the volume variables. A family of translation-invariant potentials which depend on volume variables alone is considered as well as solutions of the Newton equations which solely depend on volume variables. For the case of zero angular momentum $L=0$ the corresponding Hamiltonian, which describes these solutions, is derived. Three examples are studied in detail: (I) the (super)integrable 4-body closed chain of harmonic oscillators for $d>2$ (the harmonic molecule), (II) a generic, two volume variable dependent potential whose trajectories possess a constant moment of inertia ($d>1$), and (III) the 4-body anharmonic oscillator for $d \geq 1$. This work is the second of the sequel: the first one [IJMPA 36, No. 18 (2021)] was dedicated to study the 3-body classical problem in volume variables.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, to appear in IJMPA
The Effect of Diversification on Firm Performance in Emerging Markets: Evidence from A-Share Listed Companies in China
Creators: name: Shi, Anqi
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Industrial diversification
International diversification
Firm performance
Emerging markets

description: In recent years, diversification has become a common strategy used by companies in emerging markets. It is believed that diversification operations could help firms get better performance and gain higher profits from a larger internal market. However, contradictory results reveal that diversification empirically hurts firm value and other studies show the relationship between diversification and firm performance is complicated that should be studied in separate industries. The opinion is inconclusive on this topic. This study developed a performance index to see how diversification impact on various perspectives of firm performance. Conclusions as follow. International diversification has a positive correlation with firm performance in several aspects whereas industrial diversification helps firms’ developing ability. However, due to the unavailability of long-term data, we can not rule out the possibility that well-performed firms go for international diversification. Besides, The relationship between diversification and firm performance affected by different industries. The agricultural and natural resource firms tend to exceed manufacturing firms in the efficiency aspects whereas manufacturing companies tend to have advantages in the sustainability aspect compared to service firms. There is also evidence showing that the largest shareholders’ holdings rates have a positive impact on firm performance and state-owned rate has a negative relation with firm performance.
How to enhance the dynamic range of excitatory-inhibitory excitable networks
Creators: name: Pei, Sen
name: Tang, Shaoting
name: Yan, Shu
name: Jiang, Shijin
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Zheng, Zhiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collective dynamics of excitatory-inhibitory excitable networks in response to external stimuli. How to enhance dynamic range, which represents the ability of networks to encode external stimuli, is crucial to many applications. We regard the system as a two-layer network (E-Layer and I-Layer) and explore the criticality and dynamic range on diverse networks. Interestingly, we find that phase transition occurs when the dominant eigenvalue of E-layer's weighted adjacency matrix is exactly one, which is only determined by the topology of E-Layer. Meanwhile, it is shown that dynamic range is maximized at critical state. Based on theoretical analysis, we propose an inhibitory factor for each excitatory node. We suggest that if nodes with high inhibitory factors are cut out from I-Layer, dynamic range could be further enhanced. However, because of the sparseness of networks and passive function of inhibitory nodes, the improvement is relatively small compared tooriginal dynamic range. Even so, this provides a strategy to enhance dynamic range.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Sugar reduction in baked goods systems
Creators: name: Woodbury, Travest J
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Food chemistry and food sensory science
Food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The research in this dissertation explored the impact of different sugar reducing agents [SRAs: sugars, sugar alcohols, oligosaccharides (OS), and polymers] on the thermal properties of starch (gelatinization, pasting, and retrogradation) and the baking performance of a model baked goods system (wire-cut cookies). The overconsumption of added sugar and underconsumption of dietary fiber have been linked to increased developmental risks for obesity and related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and colorectal cancer. Some SRAs, such as non-digestible oligosaccharides (OS), are considered soluble dietary fiber and could help offset the health detriments from excess sugar and low fiber intake, while also providing similar functionality (texture and structure) to that of sucrose in baked goods systems that rely on the control of phase and state changes in starch. The gelatinization temperature (Tgel) of wheat starch in the presence of SRA solutions at various concentrations (10% to 60% w/w) was measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and was best explained by SRA plasticization properties [solvent effective volume fraction (feff,w)], solution viscosity, and size (based on the previously proposed starch granule size limit of 1,000 g/mol). The paste viscosity parameters of starch in SRA solutions were measured with a routine rapid visco analyzer (RVA); and were increased in monosaccharide solutions and decreased in 6-carbon sugar alcohol and OS solutions as solution concentration was increased. Differences in starch paste response variables were explained by SRAs either promoting or restricting amylose leaching during heating. The recrystallization of amylopectin over time was promoted in monosaccharide solutions (glucose, fructose, allulose) and in many OS solutions, and was explained in terms of SRA hydrogen bonding interactions with water and/or starch chains. The appearance attributes of wire-cut cookies containing OS were similar to a sucrose control formulation; however, differences were found in cookie texture attributes which were linked to OS effects on solution viscosity and moisture retention during baking. Cookies made with allulose and erythritol were the least similar to the sucrose control across all quality attributes, and therefore these two SRAs would not be recommended as sugar replacers in low-moisture baked goods. The findings from this dissertation could be helpful to food researchers and product developers seeking to reduce or replace added sugars in starch-containing food systems with healthier alternatives.
A fast nonstationary iterative method with convex penalty for inverse problems in Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Jin, Qinian
name: Lu, Xiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider the computation of approximate solutions for inverse problems in Hilbert spaces. In order to capture the special feature of solutions, non-smooth convex functions are introduced as penalty terms. By exploiting the Hilbert space structure of the underlying problems, we propose a fast iterative regularization method which reduces to the classical nonstationary iterated Tikhonov regularization when the penalty term is chosen to be the square of norm. Each iteration of the method consists of two steps: the first step involves only the operator from the problem while the second step involves only the penalty term. This splitting character has the advantage of making the computation efficient. In case the data is corrupted by noise, a stopping rule is proposed to terminate the method and the corresponding regularization property is established. Finally, we test the performance of the method by reporting various numerical simulations, including the image deblurring, the determination of source term in Poisson equation, and the de-autoconvolution problem.
description: To appear in Inverse Problems
Model transition for representations of metaplectic type
Creators: name: Lapid, Erez
name: Mao, Zhengyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70

description: We study the interplay between different models of the same irreducible representation of the $F$-points of a reductive group over a local field.
description: With Appendix C by Marko Tadic
A note on the degree-diameter problem for arc-transitive graphs
Creators: name: Zhou, Sanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C35, 05C25

description: We give two lower bounds on the largest order of an arc-transitive graph of diameter two and a given degree.
description: This is the version published in: Bull. of the ICA 68 (2013), 102-105
The origin of the plateau and late rebrightening in the afterglow of GRB 120326A
Creators: name: Hou, S. J.
name: Geng, J. J.
name: Wang, K.
name: Wu, X. F.
name: Huang, Y. F.
name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Lu, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 120326A is an unusual gamma-ray burst (GRB) which has a quite long plateau and a very late rebrightening both in X-ray and optical bands. The similar behavior of the optical and X-ray light curves suggests that they maybe have a common origin. The long plateau starts from several hundred seconds and ends at tens of thousands seconds. The peak time of the late rebrightening is about 30000 s. We analyze the energy injection model by means of numerical and analytical solutions, considering both the wind environment and ISM environment for GRB afterglows. We especially study the influence of the injection starting time, ending time, stellar wind density (or density of the circumburst environment), and injection luminosity on the shape of the afterglow light curves, respectively. We find that the light curve is largely affected by the parameters in the wind model. There is a "bump" at the late time only in the wind model too. In the wind case, it is interesting that the longer the energy injected, the more obvious the rebrightening will be. We also find the peak time of bump is determined by the stellar wind density. We use the late continuous injection model to interpret the unusual afterglow of GRB 120326A. The model can well fit the observational data, however, we find that the time scale of the injection must be larger than ten thousands seconds. This implies that the time scale of the central engine activity must be more than ten thousands seconds. This can give useful constraints on the central engine of GRBs. We consider a new born millisecond pulsar with strong magnetic field as the central engine. On the other hand, our results suggest that the circumburst environment of GRB 120326A is very likely a stellar wind.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, accpeted for publication in ApJ
Circuit Complexity in an interacting quenched Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
name: Gharat, Rakshit Mandish
name: Mandal, Saptarshi
name: Pandey, Nilesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore the effects of a quantum quench on the circuit complexity for a quenched quantum field theory having weakly coupled quartic interaction. We use the invariant operator method, under a perturbative framework, for computing the ground state of this system}. We give the analytical expressions for specific reference and target states using the ground state of the system. Using a particular cost functional, we show the analytical computation of circuit complexity for the quenched and interacting field theory. Further, we give a numerical estimate of circuit complexity with respect to the quench rate, $δt$ for two coupled oscillators. The parametric variation of the unambiguous contribution of the circuit complexity for an arbitrary number of oscillators has been studied with respect to the dimensionless parameter $(t/δt$). We comment on the variation of circuit complexity for different values of coupling strength, different number of oscillators, and even in different dimensions.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Revised version, Accepted for publication in Symmetry (section: Physics and Symmetry/Asymmetry, Special issue: "Symmetry and Asymmetry in Quantum Mechanics")
Variational optimization of tensor-network states with the honeycomb-lattice corner transfer matrix
Creators: name: Lukin, I. V.
name: Sotnikov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method of variational optimization of the infinite projected entangled pair states on the honeycomb lattice. The method is based on the automatic differentiation of the honeycomb-lattice corner transfer matrix renormalization group. We apply the approach to the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1/2 and ferromagnetic Kitaev models on the honeycomb lattice. The developed formalism gives quantitatively accurate results for the main physical observables and has a necessary potential for further extensions.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, published version
UAV and multimodal image analysis for power line monitoring
Creators: name: Bacco, Manlio
name: Benassi, Antonio
name: Berton, Andrea
name: Gotta, Alberto
name: Bushra, Jalil
name: La Rosa, Davide
name: Leone, Giuseppe Riccardo
name: Martinelli, Massimo
name: Moroni, Davide
name: Pascali, Maria Antonietta
name: Salvetti, Ovidio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: UAV
Swarm
CNN
Image analysis
Data fusion
Multimodal image analysis
Power lines
Drones
Wire detection

description: In this presentation (delivered at DREIS held in Rome on April 17, 2018) we show the activities carried out at CNR-ISTI concerning the use of UAVs and multimodal image analysis for power line inspection. The work here presented has been partially supported by "SCIADRO", a project funded by the Tuscany Region under the PAR FAS program.
Inference-Based Quantum Sensing
Creators: name: Alderete, C. Huerta
name: Gordon, Max Hunter
name: Sauvage, Frederic
name: Sone, Akira
name: Sornborger, Andrew T.
name: Coles, Patrick J.
name: Cerezo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a standard Quantum Sensing (QS) task one aims at estimating an unknown parameter $θ$, encoded into an $n$-qubit probe state, via measurements of the system. The success of this task hinges on the ability to correlate changes in the parameter to changes in the system response $\mathcal{R}(θ)$ (i.e., changes in the measurement outcomes). For simple cases the form of $\mathcal{R}(θ)$ is known, but the same cannot be said for realistic scenarios, as no general closed-form expression exists. In this work we present an inference-based scheme for QS. We show that, for a general class of unitary families of encoding, $\mathcal{R}(θ)$ can be fully characterized by only measuring the system response at $2n+1$ parameters. This allows us to infer the value of an unknown parameter given the measured response, as well as to determine the sensitivity of the scheme, which characterizes its overall performance. We show that inference error is, with high probability, smaller than $δ$, if one measures the system response with a number of shots that scales only as $Ω(\log^3(n)/δ^2)$. Furthermore, the framework presented can be broadly applied as it remains valid for arbitrary probe states and measurement schemes, and, even holds in the presence of quantum noise. We also discuss how to extend our results beyond unitary families. Finally, to showcase our method we implement it for a QS task on real quantum hardware, and in numerical simulations.
description: 7+13 pages, 3+7 figures
Data sharing in the Covid-19 era: challenges and opportunities for Italy. Second edition
Creators: name: Pesole, Graziano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science
Open Data
COVID-19
FAIR data
Open Access

description: Presentation given during the second edition of the webinar "Covid-19 e condivisione dei dati: perché in Italia si fa troppo poco?" belonging to the event series "Open Science e Covid-19. Collaborare per contrastare la pandemia", on November 16th 2020. Presentation outline: EOSC RDA ELIXIR and ELIXIR-IT SARS-Cov-2 Data Covid-19 data portal The European Covid-19 data platform Data sharing for Covid-19 research Open Data for fact checking SARS-Cov-2 genome sequencing, in Italy
MOJAVE. XX. Persistent Linear Polarization Structure in Parsec-scale AGN Jets
Creators: name: Pushkarev, A. B.
name: Aller, M. F.
name: Aller, H. D.
name: Homan, D. C.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Lister, M. L.
name: Pashchenko, I. N.
name: Savolainen, T.
name: Zobnina, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analysed the parsec-scale linear polarization properties of 436 active galactic nuclei (AGN) based on 15 GHz polarimetric Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations. We present polarization and total intensity images averaged over at least five epochs since 1996 January 19 through 2019 August 4. Stacking improves the image sensitivity down to $\sim$30 $μ$Jy/beam and effectively fills out the jet cross-section both in total intensity and linear polarization. It delineates the long-term persistent magnetic field configuration and its regularity by restoring spatial distributions of the electric vector position angle (EVPA) and fractional polarization, respectively. On average, about ten years of stacking period is needed to reveal the stable and most-complete polarization distribution of a source. We find that the degree of polarization significantly increases down and across the jet towards its edges, typically manifesting U or W-shaped transverse profiles, suggesting a presence of a large-scale helical magnetic field associated with the outflow. In some AGN jets, mainly BL Lacs, we detect quasi-constant fractional polarization profiles across the jet, accompanied by EVPAs that closely follow the outflow. BL Lacs show higher fractional polarization values in their cores and jets than those in quasars up to hectoparsec de-projected scales, while on larger scales, they become comparable. High-synchrotron-peaked BL Lac jets are found to be less polarized than intermediate and low-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. The spatial distribution of the EVPAs in BL Lacs tend to align with the local jet direction, while quasars show an excess of orthogonal polarization orientation.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables; accepted by MNRAS; full electronic tables, animated movie and all Figure Set plots are available as ancillary files
oeg-upm/devops-infra: First official version
Creators: name: Corcho, Oscar
name: Chaves-Fraga, David
name: Toledo, Jhon
name: Arenas-Guerrero, Julián
name: Badenes-Olmedo, Carlos
name: Mingxue Wang
name: Peng, Hu
name: Burrett, Nicholas
name: Mora, José
name: Puchao Zhang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ontology, devops

description: First official release of this Ontology Network for the representation of a DevOps infrastructure. It consists of 10 interrelated ontologies, which represent different aspects of such an infrastructure. This release also includes a set of 16 SKOS concept schemes, with their corresponding SKOS concepts, and several HTML files for the publication of the catalogue of ontologies and thesauri.
Open Science strength and its cooperation method in the current pandemic context. Second edition
Creators: name: Lazzeri, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science
Open Access
COVID-19
Research Data Management
FAIR data
Open Data

description: Presentation given during the second edition of the webinar "Covid-19 e condivisione dei dati: perché in Italia si fa troppo poco?" belonging to the event series "Open Science e Covid-19. Collaborare per contrastare la pandemia", on November 16th 2020. Presentation outline: - How does Science work today?
 - Why do we need to share research data?
 - Open Science
 - Research data management
 - European initiatives for effectively share COVID-19 research results
Deliverable 2.2 -Optimized KPI quality markers
Creators: name: Moutou Katerina
name: Tsipourlianos Andreas
name: Tzioga Lamprini
name: Power Deborah
name: Soraia, Santos
name: Najafpour Babak
name: Lisen, Li
name: Patricia, Pinto
name: Cardoso João
name: Koumoundouros Giorgos
name: Fragkoulis Stefanos
name: Kourkouta Chara
name: Galeotti Marco
name: Pacorig Valentina
name: Beraldo Paola
name: Volpatti Donatella
name: Byadgi Omkar Vijay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Over 1 billion juveniles of European sea bass (BSS) and gilthead sea bream (SBG) are produced every year in hatcheries across the Mediterranean (FEAP, production report). The quality of the juveniles and the feeding regime are the two critical determinants of the outcome of the on-growing phase of production. Deliverable 2.2 was directed at identifying, optimizing and validating robust indicators of larval and juvenile quality (KPIs) for commercial hatcheries by testing multiple batches of eggs and larvae classified as “Good” and “Bad” based on the KPIs of incidence of skeletal malformation and length growth and variability. To maximise the scope and success of the developed tool a suite of methodologies were utilised; histology, tissue and organ histopathology, proteomics and molecular biology. The outcome was two tools, one, a multiparametric semiquantitative scoring system (MSSS) composed of 18 descriptors belonging to 6 organ districts: gills, liver, anterior intestine, posterior intestine, pancreas and adipose tissue and excretory system. The MSSS does not have predictive utility but can be used to monitor production quality and give an early warning of production quality allowing timely corrective measures. The second tool is based on molecular markers and multi-tier statistical analysis. The analytical approach acts as a filter to identify and validate markers linked to quality. The application of the multi-tier statistical approach to the BSS larval samples reveals good correlation with juvenile quality when multiple markers are used. The analytical approach developed and the filtered and selected genes (UTH so far but further are being added, CCMAR and UNIUD) are the basis of a predictive quality monitoring system for BSS that will be extended to SBG. New knowledge generated and of importance for hatchery managers is that several identified skeletal malformations identified in juveniles are corrected during grow-out. This is the first time that this has been clearly demonstrated and provides the basis for rational management of juvenile selection for grow-out bringing positive benefits for health and welfare and hatchery KPIs.
Adaptive two-regime method: application to front propagation
Creators: name: Robinson, Martin
name: Flegg, Mark
name: Erban, Radek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Adaptive Two-Regime Method (ATRM) is developed for hybrid (multiscale) stochastic simulation of reaction-diffusion problems. It efficiently couples detailed Brownian dynamics simulations with coarser lattice-based models. The ATRM is a generalization of the previously developed Two-Regime Method [Flegg et al, Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2012] to multiscale problems which require a dynamic selection of regions where detailed Brownian dynamics simulation is used. Typical applications include a front propagation or spatio-temporal oscillations. In this paper, the ATRM is used for an in-depth study of front propagation in a stochastic reaction-diffusion system which has its mean-field model given in terms of the Fisher equation [Fisher, Annals of Eugenics, 1937]. It exhibits a travelling reaction front which is sensitive to stochastic fluctuations at the leading edge of the wavefront. Previous studies into stochastic effects on the Fisher wave propagation speed have focused on lattice-based models, but there has been limited progress using off-lattice (Brownian dynamics) models, which suffer due to their high computational cost, particularly at the high molecular numbers that are necessary to approach the Fisher mean-field model. By modelling only the wavefront itself with the off-lattice model, it is shown that the ATRM leads to the same Fisher wave results as purely off-lattice models, but at a fraction of the computational cost. The error analysis of the ATRM is also presented for a morphogen gradient model.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Journal of Chemical Physics
Local foliations by critical surfaces of the Hawking energy and small sphere limit
Creators: name: Diaz, Alejandro Penuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local foliations of area constrained Willmore surfaces on a 3-dimensional Riemannian manifold were constructed by Lamm, Metzger and Schulze, and Ikoma, Machiodi and Mondino, the leaves of these foliations are, in particular, critical surfaces of the Hawking energy in case they are contained in a totally geodesic spacelike hypersurface. We generalize these foliations to the general case of a non-totally geodesic spacelike hypersurface, constructing a unique local foliation of area constrained critical surfaces of the Hawking energy. A discrepancy when evaluating the so called small sphere limit of the Hawking energy was found by Friedrich. He studied concentrations of area constrained critical surfaces of the Hawking energy and obtained a result that apparently differs from the well established small sphere limit of the Hawking energy of Horowitz and Schmidt, this small sphere limit in principle must be satisfied by any quasi local energy. We independently confirm the discrepancy and explain the reasons for it to happen. We also prove that these surfaces are suitable to evaluate the Hawking energy in the sense of Lamm, Metzger and Schulze, and we find an indication that these surfaces may induce an excess in the energy measured.
HATS-4b: A Dense Hot-Jupiter Transiting a Super Metal-Rich G Star
Creators: name: Jordán, A.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Bakos, G. Á.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Penev, K.
name: Hartman, J. D.
name: Zhou, G.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Mohler-Fischer, M.
name: Ciceri, S.
name: Sato, B.
name: Csubry, Z.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Suc, V.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Bhatti, W.
name: de Val-Borro, M.
name: Buchhave, L.
name: Csák, B.
name: Henning, T.
name: Schmidt, B.
name: Tan, T. G.
name: Noyes, R. W.
name: Béky, B.
name: Butler, R. P.
name: Shectman, S.
name: Crane, J.
name: Thompson, I.
name: Williams, A.
name: Martin, R.
name: Contreras, C.
name: Lázár, J.
name: Papp, I.
name: Sári, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery by the HATSouth survey of HATS-4b, an extrasolar planet transiting a V=13.46 mag G star. HATS-4b has a period of P = 2.5167 d, mass of Mp = 1.32 Mj, radius of Rp = 1.02 Rj and density of rho_p = 1.55 +- 0.16 g/cm^3 ~ 1.24 rhoj. The host star has a mass of 1.00 Msun, a radius of 0.92 Rsun and a very high metallicity [Fe/H]= 0.43 +- 0.08. HATS-4b is among the densest known planets with masses between 1-2 Mj and is thus likely to have a significant content of heavy elements of the order of 75 Mearth. In this paper we present the data reduction, radial velocity measurement and stellar classification techniques adopted by the HATSouth survey for the CORALIE spectrograph. We also detail a technique to estimate simultaneously vsini and macroturbulence using high resolution spectra.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to AJ
A Note on the Quickest Minimum Cost Transshipment Problem
Creators: name: Skutella, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: Klinz and Woeginger (1995) prove that the minimum cost quickest flow problem is NP-hard. On the other hand, the quickest minimum cost flow problem can be solved efficiently via a straightforward reduction to the quickest flow problem without costs. More generally, we show how the quickest minimum cost transshipment problem can be reduced to the efficiently solvable quickest transshipment problem, thus adding another mosaic tile to the rich complexity landscape of flows over time.
Model Implementation Report (II): Statistical Model Selection and Implementation Report
Creators: name: Álvarez, Jacobo De Uña
name: Nieves, Paula Saavedra
name: Fuente, Manuel Oviedo De La
name: Pateiro, Beatriz
name: Al-Najjar, Basim
name: Algabroun, Hatem
name: Kjellberg, Henrik
name: Jonsson, Mikael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The PreCoM system will consist of different modules, namely the PreCoM sense module for data collection, pre-processing and communication, PreCoM AI for further data analysis and predictive analytics, PreCoM AR/PLIV for supporting the maintenance actions by applying innovative augmented reality technology and PreCoM connect for integrating all before mentioned modules into production planning and maintenance planning.
 This deliverable describes and illustrates data-driven statistical models to improve the diagnosis and prediction in the presence of uncertainty (different types of machines or components, working conditions, etc.).
 We present the statistical model and we validate it by conducting a proof of concept with two well-known databases: MIMOSA and Mill-NASA.
 For the MIMOSA database, two software tools will be introduced. First tool is PreVib, a software module which implements a mechanistic model for predicting the vibration level, when using vibration-based maintenance (VBM). Its aim is to detect deviations in the condition of a component at an early stage in order to act for keeping the probability of failure of machine/significant component low until a condition-based replacement is done. The second software tool is ProLife, an implementation of a probabilistic approach. The goal of ProLife is to assess the probability of failure of a component/equipment and the residual lifetime of a component/equipment when its condition monitoring level, e.g. vibration level is significantly high. These two software modules will be used in PreCoM for rotating components.
 For the Mill-NASA dataset, we develop statistical models using two approaches. The first model is based in time series analysis (TSA). TSA can predict the time when a variable of interest (target parameter such as vibration in a critical component, such as a cutting tool) overcomes a specific threshold. This event may suggest tool replacement or a specific maintenance action because of an excessive wear or changes in product quality. The second model is based in lifetime data analysis (LTA) techniques, such as proportional hazard (PH) models or accelerated failure time (AFT) models. We apply these models to estimate relevant parameters like, for instance, the mean residual lifetime (MRL) depending on working conditions and the probability of failure at some future time. We also apply LTA methods to predict the remaining operation time of the machine. Both LTA and TSA approaches will be used for non-rotating components.
 The proof of concept illustrates how the proposed statistical models can be applied to real data. The statistical models should be evaluated on the data gathered at the demonstration companies of the PreCoM project as soon as they become available.
Bekenstein-Hawking entropy in expanding universes from black hole theorems
Creators: name: Viaggiu, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the use of suitable theorems for black hole formation in Friedmann expanding universes leads to a modification of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. By adopting an argument similar to the original Bekenstein one, we write down the expression for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy suitable for non-static isotropic expanding universes together with the equation of state of a black hole. This equation can be put in a form similar to the one of an ideal gas but with a factor depending on the Hubble radius. Moreover, we give some argument on a possible relation between our entropy expression and the Cardy-Verlinde one. Finally, we explore the possibility that primordial inflation is due to black hole evaporation in our context.
description: Accepted for publication in Mod. Phys. Lett A Vol. 29, Issue 17 (2014)
Firewall black holes and echoes from an action principle
Creators: name: Abedi, Jahed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often said that there is no gravity theory based on local action principles giving rise to firewall black hole solutions. Additionally, Guo and Mathur 2022 (2205.10921) have cast doubt on the observability of firewall echoes due to closed trapped surface produced by backreaction of macroscopic in-falling wave packets. In this paper, we bring Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton action as a toy model that serves as counterexample to these assertions. Actions with Maxwell and dilaton fields emerge from several fundamental theories, such as the low energy limit of (super) string theory or Kaluza-Klein compactifications. In these systems, the black hole solution has two curvature singularities. We will show that the outer singularity inside the event horizon can cause significant change to the outside, close to the extremal limit, making a macroscopic reflective barrier near the event horizon that would lead to "observable" gravitational wave echoes in this toy model. Additionally, we also call into question the argument by Guo et al. 2017 (1711.01617) claiming that a very small fraction of the backscattered photons will be able to escape back to infinity from the firewall using these black holes as counterexample.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Discussion about dynamical black holes added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Quantum speed of evolution of neutral mesons
Creators: name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Paulson, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum-mechanical time-evolution speed limit for neutral $K$ and $B$ mesons, both single as well as correlated, within the framework of open quantum systems. The role of coherence--mixing, a crucial feature of the open system evolution of the underlying quantum systems (here, the mesons), on the quantum-mechanical time-evolution speed limit is studied. The impact of decoherence and CP (charge conjugation parity) symmetry violation on quantum-mechanical time-evolution speed limit is also investigated. The quantum-mechanical time-evolution speed limit increases with the evolution time for the single mesons, a signature of the underlying open system dynamics of the evolution being semi-group in nature. The evolution of the correlated mesons slows down for an evolution time of approximately one-fourth of the lifetime, after which it is sped up. An overall pattern that emerges is that correlated mesons evolve faster as compared to their uncorrelated counterparts, suggesting that quantum correlations can speed up evolution.