cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Upgradation of The Energy Content of Rice Husk Through Chemical Treated Torrefaction
Creators: name: Dejene, Mandefro
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Despite all its advantages biomass has some shortcomings that often create difficulties in its wide scale use as an energy source. Compared to the other fuels like coal, biomass has a higher oxygen content, lower calorific value, lower energy density, lower bulk density, higher hygroscopic nature, and higher moisture content. Thus, biomass faces some technical challenges in the energy conversion systems. Torrefaction process is the partial pyrolysis of biomass carried out under atmospheric pressure in a narrow temperature range of 200 º C to 300 iv º C, under an inert environment which yields higher solid yield than the pyrolysis. Torrefaction of biomass significantly changes its physical and chemical properties like moisture content, density, grinding ability, pelletability, hydrophobicity, Calorific value, proximate and ultimate composition, and storage. The objective of this study is to examine the torrefaction process of lignocelluloses biomass the rice husk produced in Ethiopia by chemical treated torrefaction process. Three torrefaction temperatures 200ºC, 250ºC and 300ºC, three holding times 20, 40 and 60min and three acid concentrations 0.75, 1.50 and 2.25g/l will be considered from the literature value 0.25 -2.5% concentration of sulfuric acid. Design-Expert 7.0.0 three-level-threefactor BBD was applied for experimental design and statistical analysis of results. The result showed a significant net reduction of the volatile matter content, mass yield, moisture content, bulk density and atomic oxygen content with the increasing torrefaction temperature and reaction time, the atomic carbon content, higher heating value, fixed carbon content and energy density were found to increase with higher torrefaction temperatures and time in both dry and chemical treatment . Torrefaction temperature and holding time had a significant effect on torrefaction process of the rice husk. From the thermo gravimetric analysis, torrefaction peaks were observed at temperatures between 200ºC-300ºC.The FTIR shows peaks appearance of a result of the degradation of the rice husk functional group. Therefore, the torrefied biomass becomes is found to lie a significant fuel sources which has the potential to replace the fossil fuel. The chemical treated torrefaction yields better result and increase the energy density.
Activation of N-heterocyclic carbenes by inorganic molecules
Creators: name: Iversen, Kalon Jake
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Submission note: Submitted in total fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Victoria.

Thesis with publications.

The use of N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as stabilising ligands in inorganic chemistry is of great current interest. NHCs have been shown to provide strong complexation with various species as well as the ability to activate small molecules and behave as spectator ligands in catalysis reactions. However, recently several independent studies have observed NHCs undergoing endocyclic ring expansion pathways when interacting with element hydride species. This degradation pathway involves a main group hydride activating the C–N bond, which results in endocyclic ring expansion and subsequent element hydride insertion. This pathway results in the NHC transitioning from the initial five-membered ring to a six-membered ring. Our theoretical studies investigated the insertion pathway using an N-methyl substituted NHC and various isolable molecules, replicating experimental conditions. Definitive trends amongst each of the hydride groups were identified, for which a general degradation pathway was observed, consisting of (1) formation of an adduct between NHC and the hydride, (2) first hydrogen migration from the element hydride to the carbenic carbon of the NHC, (3) elongation of the carbene C–N bond to allow insertion, (4) secondary hydrogen migration to the carbonic carbon to produce a stable six-membered ring with the main group element having inserted adjacent to the carbenic carbon. Our calculations also determined that formation of C-H bonds was the driving force behind this reported insertion. We also investigated the effect of the electronic structure of the NHC, including unsaturated, saturated and benzimidazole NHCs that are typically utilised in synthesis. The effect on reaction thermodynamics and kinetic barriers was able to be rationalised by the aromatic behaviour of the NHCs. Finally, an investigation of the insertion mechanism for groups 12, 13, 14 and 16 element hydrides suggested further possibilities of experimental observation of NHC insertion reactivity.
Searching for pulsars with phase characteristics
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
name: Hu, Qian-Chen
name: Li, Qiang
name: Qian, Lei
name: Dong, Xiao-Bo
name: Peng, Shi-Lin
name: Wang, Ze-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method by using the phase characteristics of radio observation data for pulsar search and candidate identification. The phase characteristics are relations between the pulsar signal and the phase correction in the frequency-domain, and we regard it as a new search diagnostic characteristic. Based on the phase characteristics, a search method is presented: calculating DM (dispersion measure) -- frequency data to select candidate frequencies, and then confirming of candidates by using the broadband characteristics of pulsar signals. Based on this method, we performed a search test on short observation data of M15 and M71, which were observed by Five-hundred-meter Aperture spherical radio Telescope (FAST), and some of the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot survey (GPPS) data. Results show that it can get similar search results to PRESTO (PulsaR Exploration and Search TOolkit) while having a faster processing speed.
Photoproduction of the scalar mesons $f_0(500)$ and $f_0(980)$ off the nucleon
Creators: name: Lee, Je-Hee
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
name: Kim, Sang-Ho
name: Ryu, Hui-Young
name: Yu, Byung-Geel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate photoproduction of the scalar mesona off the nucleon, using the effective Lagrangians and the Regge approach. We first study $f_0(980)$ photoproduction, replacing the Feynman propagator with the Regge ones for the $ρ$-meson exchange in the $t$-channel. The model parameters are fixed by reproducing the experimental data on the differential cross section. We then apply the same method to $f_0(500)$ or $σ$ photoproduction with the same parameters for the Regge propagator. Since the threshold energy of the $f_0(500)$ production is rather low, $N^*$ resonances, which can decay into the nucleon and two pions in the isoscalar and scalar state, can come into play in the $s$-channel. To examine the effects of the $N^*$ resonances, we set up two models to look into the respective contribution of the $N^*$ resonances. We find that in particular $N^*(1440)$ and $N^*(1680)$ play important roles in $f_0(500)$ photoproduction. We discuss the physical implications of the present results.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Final version accepted for publication in PTEP
Circularly polarized electroluminescence from a single-crystal organic microcavity light-emitting diode based on photonic spin-orbit interactions
Creators: name: Jia, Jichao
name: Cao, Xue
name: Ma, Xuekai
name: De, Jianbo
name: Yao, Jiannian
name: Schumacher, Stefan
name: Liao, Qing
name: Fu, Hongbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circularly polarized (CP) electroluminescence from organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has aroused considerable attention for their potential in future display and photonic technologies. The development of CP-OLEDs relies largely on chiral-emitters, which not only remain rare owing to difficulties in design and synthesis but also limit the performance of electroluminescence. When the polarization (pseudospin) degrees of freedom of a photon interact with its orbital angular momentum, photonic spin-orbit interaction (SOI) emerges such as Rashba-Dresselhaus (RD) effect. Here, we demonstrate a chiral-emitter-free microcavity CP-OLED with a high dissymmetry factor (gEL) and high luminance by embedding a thin two-dimensional organic single crystal (2D-OSC) between two silver layers which serve as two metallic mirrors forming a microcavity and meanwhile also as two electrodes in an OLED architecture. In the presence of the RD effect, the SOIs in the birefringent 2D-OSC microcavity result in a controllable spin-splitting with CP dispersions. Thanks to the high emission efficiency and high carrier mobility of the OSC, chiral-emitter-free CP-OLEDs have been demonstrated exhibiting a high gEL of 1.1 and a maximum luminance of about 60000 cd/m2, which places our device among the best performing CP-OLEDs. This strategy opens a new avenue for practical applications towards on-chip microcavity CP-OLEDs.
Estimation of Solar Observations with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)
Creators: name: Qian, Lei
name: Pan, Zhichen
name: Liu, Hongfei
name: Gan, Hengqian
name: Yu, Jinglong
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Lu, Jiguang
name: Sun, Cun
name: Yan, Jingye
name: Jiang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the estimation of the solar observation with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). For both the quite Sun and the Sun with radio bursts, when pointing directly to the Sun, the total power received by FAST would be out of the safe operational range of the signal chain, even resulting in the damage to the receiver. As a conclusion, the Sun should be kept at least $\sim 2^{\circ}$ away from the main beam during the observing at $\sim 1.25 {\ \rm GHz}$. The separation for lower frequency should be larger. For simplicity, the angular separation between the FAST beam and the Sun is suggested to be $\sim 5^{\circ}$ for observations on 200 MHz or higher bands.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted by RAA
In vivo assessment of ventricular-arterial coupling and determinants of coronary blood flow
Creators: name: Narayan, Om
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The interaction between the contracting left ventricle and the conduit arterial tree is of fundamental relevance to cardiovascular functioning, yet remains incompletely characterized. This interaction determines the central aortic blood pressure (CBP) waveform, left ventricular systolic load, coronary perfusion and load on the conduit vascular tree with important implications in a range of disease states including arterial hypertension, heart failure and myocardial ischaemia. The overarching goal of this compendium of work was to investigate ventricular-vascular interaction as manifested by the CBP waveform, with particular attention to its measurement, morphological characteristics, interaction with coronary blood flow and relationship to cardiovascular outcomes. The findings presented in this compendium of work provide further insights into the influence of ventricular vascular interaction on the CBP waveform and coronary blood flow. The following principal conclusions may be drawn: • Non-invasive measurement of CBP is highly device dependent. Errors introduced by calibration to brachial blood pressures may result in significant output error. • Parameters derived from the CBP waveform are predictive of cardiovascular outcome and provide incremental value in risk prediction • Left ventricular systolic motion is temporally associated with morphological features of the CBP waveform, indicating a role for ventricular-vascular interactions in influencing this waveform. • Early diastolic suction generated within the myocardial microcirculation is a critical determinant of coronary blood flow and the response to increased myocardial oxygen consumption. • The presence of an epicardial coronary artery stenosis attenuates the transmission of the two major accelerative waves, in systole and diastole. Restoration of early diastolic suction wave intensity may represent the principal mode by which PCI enhances coronary blood flow
title: Patientenkasuistik Fusarienkeratisis
Creators: name: Weigel, M.
name: Walter, S.
name: Thieme, H.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Im dargestellten Fall einer jungen, kontaktlinsentragenden Patientin, deren Krankheitsverlauf mit einer Bagatellverletzung der Hornhaut durch einen Zweig begann, wurde nach der anfänglichen Arbeitsdiagnose einer (unspezifischen) Pilzkeratitis mit Fluconazol-AT initial ambulant therapiert. Mithilfe[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 23. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens
Análisis de la actividad alergénica de rBlo t 13, un alergeno recombinante del ácaro blomia tropicalis
Creators: name: Donado Rangel, Karen Lorena
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2021
Subjects: Alergia
Blomia tropicalis
Ácaros
Inflamación - Alérgica

description: Tesis (Magíster en Inmunología). -- Universidad de Cartagena, Instituto de Investigaciones Inmunológicas, 2021
description: Los ácaros del polvo doméstico son desencadenantes de manifestaciones alérgicas. Entre estos, Blomia tropicalis es una de las especies más abundantes en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales. Pocos de sus alergenos se han caracterizado completamente. La frecuencia de sensibilización IgE se ha utilizado como referente para establecer la importancia clínica de los alergenos sin considerar otros aspectos que pueden ser importantes para el desarrollo de una respuesta inflamatoria alérgica. El objetivo de esta tesis fue analizar la actividad alergénica de la proteína recombinante Blo t 13 (rBlo t 13) derivada del ácaro B. tropicalis. Para esto rBlo t 13 se produjo en E. coli, se purificó mediante cromatografía de afinidad con resina de níquel y se obtuvo con bajos niveles de endotoxina. La actividad alergénica de rBlo t 13 se analizó mediante la asociación entre la frecuencia de reactividad IgE y la presentación de asma en un estudio de casos y controles, pruebas de activación de basófilos indirecta, evaluación de la inflamación de las vías respiratorias en ratones Balb/c mediante la reactividad bronquial al reto con metacolina, análisis del contenido de células inflamatorias en lavado broncoalveolar e histología del tejido pulmonar, determinación de anticuerpos IgG1, IgG2a e IgE contra rBlo t 13 y la prueba de anafilaxia cutánea pasiva en ratones Balb/c. En este estudio no se encontró asociación entre la frecuencia de reactividad IgE a rBlo t 13 y la presentación de asma. No se observó hiperreactividad bronquial al reto con metacolina en los ratones tratados con rBlo t 13. Sin embargo, en estos ratones el número de eosinófilos en el lavado broncoalveolar (BAL), el infiltrado inflamatorio pulmonar, la producción de moco por las células caliciformes y la producción de anticuerpos IgG1 e IgE específicos fueron significativamente mayor a lo observado en los ratones tratados con buffer fosfato salino (PBS). La prueba de anafilaxia cutánea pasiva fue negativa. Este estudio sugiere que rBlo t 13 tiene capacidad de inducir inflamación de tipo Th2, lo cual sustenta que tiene actividad alergénica
Silver Recovery and Optimization from Waste X-Ray Photographic Film Using Sodium Hydroxide Stripping
Creators: name: Demelash, Mekurialem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Silver is a depleted precious resource and in the near future it all be used up. In addition to this, our country is not produced the metal at this moment. Extracting silver from enough silver-containing wastes like used X-ray photographic film will considerably save the foreign currency to import this metal. This work reports on a novel, simple, fast and cheap method to utilize waste x-ray film for recovering silver using sodium hydroxide stripping. In this study, the silver recovery was optimized against the stripping temperature, stripping time and sodium hydroxide concentration. Firstly, the film was washed, dried, cut and weighed. Then, the silver was stripped at three different factor's level i.e. sodium hydroxide concentration (0.5M, 1.5M and 2.5M), temperature (50 oC, 70 oC and 90oC) and time (1 min, 10.5 min and 20 min.). Finally, silver was recovered by precipitation using sodium sulphide. The yield or recovery was then determined using XRF. A maximum silver recovery of 54% w/w and a purity level of 98.02% were obtained. The experimental results were then analyzed using Design Expert Software (version 7.0.0) to determine the optimum operating conditions. The optimum operating conditions found to be a stripping temperature of 70.81oc, stripping time of 10.90 minute and NaOH concentration of 1.46M. It is concluded that waste x-ray photographic film can be stripped by NaOH and precipitated by Na2S successfully and in most economical way. Keywords: Silver recovery, waste photographic film, sodium hydroxide.
Locating Hidden Exoplanets in ALMA Data Using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Terry, Jason
name: Hall, Cassandra
name: Abreau, Sean
name: Gleyzer, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Exoplanets in protoplanetary disks cause localized deviations from Keplerian velocity in channel maps of molecular line emission. Current methods of characterizing these deviations are time consuming, and there is no unified standard approach. We demonstrate that machine learning can quickly and accurately detect the presence of planets. We train our model on synthetic images generated from simulations and apply it to real observations to identify forming planets in real systems. Machine learning methods, based on computer vision, are not only capable of correctly identifying the presence of one or more planets, but they can also correctly constrain the location of those planets.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to ApJ
Shortcuts to isothermality and nonequilibrium work relations
Creators: name: Li, Geng
name: Quan, H. T.
name: Tu, Z. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In conventional thermodynamics, it is widely acknowledged that the realization of an isothermal process for a system requires a quasi-static controlling protocol. Here we propose and design a strategy to realize a finite-rate isothermal transition from an equilibrium state to another one with same temperature, which is named shortcut to isothermality~(STI). By using STI, we unexpectedly derive three nonequilibrium work relations, including an identity between the free energy difference and the mean work due to the potential of the original system, a generalized Jarzynski equality, and the inverse relationship between the irreversible work and the total driving time. We numerically confirm these three relations by considering the motion of a Brownian particle trapped in a harmonic potential and dragged by a time-dependent force.
description: accepted by Phys. Rev. E
Growing the First Galaxies' Merger Trees
Creators: name: Nadler, Ethan O.
name: Benson, Andrew
name: Driskell, Trey
name: Du, Xiaolong
name: Gluscevic, Vera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modelling the growth histories of specific galaxies often involves generating the entire population of objects that arise in a given cosmology and selecting systems with appropriate properties. This approach is highly inefficient when targeting rare systems such as the extremely luminous high-redshift galaxy candidates detected by JWST. Here, we present a novel framework for generating merger trees with branches that are guaranteed to achieve a desired halo mass at a chosen redshift. This method augments extended Press Schechter theory solutions with constrained random processes known as Brownian bridges and is implemented in the open-source semi-analytic model $\texttt{Galacticus}$. We generate ensembles of constrained merger trees to predict the growth histories of seven high-redshift JWST galaxy candidates, finding that these systems most likely merge $\approx 2~\mathrm{Gyr}$ after the observation epoch and occupy haloes of mass $\gtrsim 10^{14}~M_{\mathrm{\odot}}$ today. These calculations are thousands of times more efficient than existing methods, are analytically controlled, and provide physical insights into the evolution of haloes with rapid early growth. Our constrained merger tree implementation is publicly available at http://github.com/galacticusorg/galacticus.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Updated to published version
Características emprendedoras de los estudiantes de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad del Atlántico y la Universidad del Magdalena
Creators: name: Barrios Gómez, Kevin
name: García Verheslt, Diana
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2016
Subjects: Emprendimiento Empresarial
Actitud creadora

description: Tesis (Administrador de Empresas).--Universidad de Cartagena. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Programa de Administración de Empresas, 2016
description: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar las características ejecutoras emprendedoras delos estudiantes del programa Administración de Empresas de la Universidad del Atlántico y la Universidad del Magdalena.
Stress, anxiety, and depression: psychosocial and physical impacts and interactions with subthreshold autism traits and visual perceptual processing
Creators: name: Shilton, Alexandra Louise
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Submission note: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology to the College of Science, Health and Engineering, School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University, Victoria.
Extraction and Characterization of Essential Oil From Pumpkin Seed
Creators: name: Meseret, Ethiopia
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: The objective of this thesis is extraction and characterization of essential oil from pumpkin seed cucurbita pepo variety using ethanol as solvent. The extraction was carried out using Soxhlet method and separated from solvents by using rotary evaporator. Pumpkin seeds were analyzed for proximate analysis and found to; 5.21 + 0.12% ,22.5+ 0.31%, 50.5+ 0.112%, 7+0.09%, 4.5+ 0.19% and 10.37+0.079% of moisture, crude proteins, crude fat, crude fiber, ash content, carbohydrate respectively. A full factorial design was applied to pumpkin seed cucurbita pepo variety, and 30 experimental runs were performed followed by optimization of pumpkin seed oil. This work was deals with random experimental design consisted of extraction time from 2 to 6 hours, average particle size from 0.25 to 2 mm, solvent to pumpkin seed meal ratio from 0.05 to 0.1mg/ml under constant temperature (80 c) was done and it was conducted with six center points and three replications. Physiochemical property of extracted oil were specific gravity, pH, kinematic viscosity, density moisture and volatile contents, refractive index, free fatty acid, iodine, acid value and saponification value were: 0.91178, 5.16 + 0.1, 35, 911.78, 0.07, 1.468, 0.62+0.61, 97.5 I g/100g oil, 1.23+ 0.23mg KOH/g oil and 189.8+0.31mg KOH/g oil respectively which are in range of literature. FT-IR analysis shows the presence functional group of carbohydrate, carbonyl, alkene, aromatic, alkane, aliphatic amine, carbocyclic, alcohol and methyl ester which is close to essential oil reported in literature. Gas - chromatography-Mass spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of five major free fatty acids linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and miystiric acid, with respective value 57.5%, 20.2%, 19.1%, 2.97% and 0.23%. The pumpkin seed oil also showed good antimicrobial activity against both S. aureus and E.coli with maximum zone of inhibition 15.5+0.23 mm and13.5+0.51 mm respectively. Therefore, it is feasible to be used as edible oil, antimicrobial and other applications.
Effects of improved street lighting on crime
Creators: name: Welsh, Brandon C.
name: Farrington, David P.
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Straßenbeleuchtung , Kriminalität , Bekämpfung , Überwachung
subject: 360
subject: street lighting
subject: crime
subject: effects
subject: review

description: Improved street lighting serves many functions and is used in both public and private settings. The prevention of personal and property crime is one of its objectives in public space, which is the main focus of this review. There are two main theories of why improved street lighting may cause a reduction in crime. The first suggests that improved lighting leads to increased surveillance of potential offenders (both by improving visibility and by increasing the number of people on the street) and hence to increased deterrence of potential offenders. The second suggests that improved lighting signals community investment in the area and that the area is improving, leading to increased community pride, community cohesiveness, and informal social control. The first theory predicts decreases in crime especially during the hours of darkness, while the second theory predicts decreases in crime during both daytime and nighttime. Results of this review indicate that improved street lighting significantly reduces crime. This lends support for the continued use of improved street lighting to prevent crime in public space. The review also found that nighttime crimes did not decrease more than daytime crimes. This suggests that a theory of street lighting focusing on its role in increasing community pride and informal social control may be more plausible than a theory focusing on increased surveillance and increased deterrence. Future research should be designed to test the main theories of the effects of improved street lighting more explicitly, and future lighting schemes should employ high quality evaluation designs with long-term followups.
Optical Activity of Solids from First Principles
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoming
name: Yan, Yanfa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of independent particle approximation, the optical activity tensor of solids is formulated as from different contributions: the magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole, and band dispersion terms. The first two terms have similar counterparts in the theory of finite systems, while the last term is unique for crystals. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole transition moments are calculated with a sum-over-states formulation. We apply the formulation to calculate and analyze the optical rotation of elemental tellurium and the circular dichroism of $(6,4)$ carbon nanotube. Decomposed optical activity into different contributions are discussed. The calculated spectra agree well with experiments. As a showcase of achiral crystals, we calculate the optical activity of wurtzite GaN.
description: 8 pages; 7 figures
Dominance of Bursty over Steady Heating of the 4--8 MK Coronal Plasma in a Solar Active Region: Quantification using Maps of Minimum, Maximum, and Average Brightness
Creators: name: Tiwari, Sanjiv K.
name: Wilkerson, Lucy A.
name: Panesar, Navdeep K.
name: Moore, Ronald L.
name: Winebarger, Amy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A challenge in characterizing active region (AR) coronal heating is in separating transient (bursty) loop heating from the diffuse background (steady) heating. We present a method of quantifying coronal heating's bursty and steady components in ARs, applying it to FeXVIII (hot94) emission of an AR observed by SDO/AIA. The maximum, minimum, and average brightness values for each pixel, over a 24 hour period, yield a maximum-brightness map, a minimum-brightness map, and an average-brightness map of the AR. Running sets of such three maps come from repeating this process for each time step of running windows of 20, 16, 12, 8, 5, 3, 1 and 0.5 hours. From each running window's set of three maps, we obtain the AR's three corresponding luminosity light curves. We find: (1) The time-averaged ratio of minimum-brightness-map luminosity to average-brightness-map luminosity increases as the time window decreases, and the time-averaged ratio of maximum-brightness-map luminosity to average-brightness-map luminosity decreases as the window decreases. (2) For the 24-hour window, the minimum-brightness map's luminosity is 5% of the average-brightness map's luminosity, indicating that at most 5% of the AR's hot94 luminosity is from heating that is steady for 24 hours. (3) This upper limit on the fraction of the hot94 luminosity from steady heating increases to 33% for the 30-minute running window. This requires that the heating of the 4--8 MK plasma in this AR is mostly in bursts lasting less than 30 minutes: at most a third of the heating is steady for 30 minutes.
description: ApJ, in press
Understanding Cd phytoextraction by Australian native Cd accumulator
Creators: name: Cheng, Miaomiao
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Submission note: A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora.

This thesis was a recipient of the Nancy Millis Award for theses of exceptional merit.
Directional Statistics of Preferential Orientations of Two Shapes in Their Aggregate and Its Application to Study Preferential Attachment of Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Sikaroudi, Ali Esmaieeli
name: Welch, David A.
name: Woehl, Taylor
name: Faller, Roland
name: Evans, James E.
name: Browning, Nigel D.
name: Park, Chiwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nanoscientists have long conjectured that adjacent nanoparticles aggregate with one another in certain preferential directions during a chemical synthesis of nanoparticles, which is referred to the oriented attachment. For the study of the oriented attachment, the microscopy and nanoscience communities have used dynamic electron microscopy for direct observations of nanoparticle aggregation and have been so far relying on manual and qualitative analysis of the observations. We propose a statistical approach for studying the oriented attachment quantitatively with multiple aggregation examples in imagery observations. We abstract an aggregation by an event of two primary geometric objects merging into a secondary geometric object. We use a point set representation to describe the geometric features of the primary objects and the secondary object, and formulated the alignment of two point sets to one point set to estimate the orientation angles of the primary objects in the secondary object. The estimated angles are used as data to estimate the probability distribution of the orientation angles and test important hypotheses statistically. The proposed approach was applied for our motivating example, which demonstrated that nanoparticles of certain geometries have indeed preferential orientations in their aggregates.
description: 28 pages; 7 Figures; 2 Tables
Effects of Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback on Cold Gas Depletion and Quenching of Central Galaxies
Creators: name: Ma, Wenlin
name: Liu, Kexin
name: Guo, Hong
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Jones, Michael G.
name: Wang, Jing
name: Zhang, Le
name: Dave, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback on the galaxy cold gas content and its connection to galaxy quenching in three hydrodynamical simulations of Illustris, IllustrisTNG and SIMBA. By comparing to the observed atomic and molecular neutral hydrogen measurements for central galaxies, we find that Illustris over-predicts the cold gas masses in star-forming galaxies and significantly under-predicts them for quenched galaxies. IllustrisTNG performs better in this comparison than Illustris, but quenched galaxies retain too much cold gas compared with observations. SIMBA shows good agreement with observations, by depleting the global cold gas reservoir for quenched galaxies. We find that the discrepancies in IllustrisTNG are caused by its weak kinetic AGN feedback that only redistributes the cold gas from the inner disks to the outer regions and reduces the inner cold gas densities. It agrees with observations much better when only the cold gas within the stellar disk is considered to infer the star formation rates. From dependences of cold gas reservoir on the black hole mass and Eddington ratio, we find that the cumulative energy release during the black hole growth is the dominant reason for the cold gas depletion and thus the galaxy quenching. We further measure the central stellar surface density within 1 kpc ($Σ_1$) for the high-resolution run of IllustrisTNG and find a tight correlation between $Σ_1$ and black hole mass. It suggests that the observed decreasing trend of cold gas mass with $Σ_1$ is also a reflection of the black hole growth.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Effects of closed circuit television surveillance on crime
Creators: name: Welsh, Brandon C.
name: Farrington, David P.
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Videoüberwachung , Kriminalität , Prävention
subject: 360
subject: closed circuit television surveillance
subject: crime
subject: review

description: Closed circuit television (CCTV) surveillance cameras serve many functions and are used in both public and private settings. The prevention of personal and property crime is among the primary objectives in public space, which is the main focus of this review. CCTV is viewed as a technique of “formal surveillance” and in this regard it is seen to enhance or take the place of security personnel. Results of this review indicate that CCTV has a modest but significant desirable effect on crime, is most effective in reducing crime in car parks, is most effective when targeted at vehicle crimes (largely a function of the successful car park schemes), and is more effective in reducing crime in the United Kingdom than in other countries. These results lend support for the continued use of CCTV to prevent crime in public space, but suggest that it be more narrowly targeted than its present use would indicate. Future CCTV schemes should employ high-quality evaluation designs with long follow-up periods.
Assessment of Project Monitoring and Evaluation Practices of Ethiopian Airport Enterprise and Factors that Affect Its Effectiveness
Creators: name: Kelemework, Habtamu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: The main purpose of the study was to assess project M&E practices of Ethiopian Airport Enterprise and factors that affect its effectiveness. The assessment was basically focused on identifying the enterprise's project M&E system, project M&E practices and factors that affect effectiveness of the enterprise's project M&E. A descriptive research method was used in order to achieve the intended purpose of the study. Questionnaire, interview and review of secondary data sources were used for the purpose of collecting required data for the study. The primary data sources were collected from the enterprise's employees who are directly involved on project M&E practice. The target populations were 30 employees who aretechnique was employed in selecting the samples. Ninety percent of the questionnaires were returned out of 30 questionnaires which were distributed to the respondents. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, percentage and mean score. Multiple response analysis was used to analyze questionnaire items with multiple responses. The study found out that the enterprise has no separate project M&E plan document and its project M&E lesson learning and documentation practice is poor. The study also indicated that the majority of project M&E process items (monitoring and controlling project work, integrated change control, scope control, schedule control, budget control, quality control and performance reporting) are applied during project M&E practice of the enterprise. It was also found out that most of the time project M&E is undertaken monthly, tools/techniques like observation, document review and checklist were mainly used and project M&E results mainly used for project improvement, decision making and budget allocation. Furthermore, the study revealed that lack of human resource capacity, management support and stakeholder engagement are the major factors that negatively affect the enterprise's project M&E effectiveness. Therefore, based on the findings, it is suggested that the enterprise should produce project M&E plan document that guides its M&E practice. On the other hand the enterprise's management should increase its commitment for project M&E; prepared a continuous project M&E related training, motivational scheme and project M&E best practice sharing mechanisms to enhance the enterprise's project M&E human resource capacity; and devise the mechanism that increases the engagement of stakeholders on project M&E activities in order to improve the enterprise's project M&E effectiveness.
Interventions for children, youth, and parents to prevent and reduce cyber abuse
Creators: name: Mishna, Faye
name: Cook, Charlene
name: Saini, Michael
name: Wu, Meng-Jia
name: MacFadden, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cyber-Mobbing , Prävention , Bekämpfung , Internetkriminalität
subject: 360
subject: cyber abuse
subject: prevention
subject: review

description: The Internet has created a new communication tool, particularly for young people whose use of e-mail, websites, instant messaging, web cams, chat rooms, social networking sites and text messaging is exploding worldwide. While there are many benefits that result from electronic based communication, the Internet is, however, concurrently a potential site for abuse and victimization, whereby young people can fall victim to sexual perpetrators, stalkers, exploiters, and peers who bully online. Interventions regarding cyber abuse have been developed in response to a growing emphasis on protecting children and youth from online dangers. Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of cyber abuse interventions in increasing Internet safety knowledge and decreasing risky online behaviour.
Detection of the extended $γ$-ray emission from the high Galactic latitude Calvera's SNR candidate
Creators: name: Xin, Yuliang
name: Guo, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the extended GeV $γ$-ray emission that spatially associated with the high Galactic latitude supernova remnant (SNR) candidate - Calvera's SNR with the Pass 8 data recorded by the {\em Fermi} Large Area Telescope. The $γ$-ray spectrum of Calvera's SNR between 100 MeV and 1 TeV shows an evident ($\sim$ 3.4$σ$) spectral curvature at several tens of GeV. The multi-wavelength data can be fitted with either a leptonic model or a hadronic one. However, the leptonic model exhibits the inconsistent between the flat radio spectrum and the hard GeV $γ$-ray spectrum of Calvera's SNR. For the hadronic model, the spectral index of protons should be harder than 1.6. And the total energy of protons is fitted to be more than one order of magnitude higher than the explosion energy of a typical supernova, which also challenges the hadronic model. The evident spectral curvature and the absence of non-thermal X-ray emission from Calvera's SNR makes it to be an interesting source bridging young-aged SNRs with bright non-thermal X-ray emission and old-aged SNRs interacting with molecular clouds.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Effects of prenatal nicotine and inflammation on respiratory function and structure in the newborn
Creators: name: Samarasinghe, Ayabaddage Thilini Damsarani
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis was broadly directed at understanding how maternal inflammation and smoking have a deleterious impact on the development of the fetus and newborn. The studies outlined in this thesis showed that the two insults harm the fetus and newborn by reducing growth, by increasing the likelihood of preterm birth, and by adversely affecting lung development and the control of breathing by increasing the propensity for unstable breathing patterns and apnea in surviving pups. When the dose of nicotine given to pregnant mice matched that present in the blood of a heavy smoker, almost all the offspring died on the day of delivery. Alarmingly, maternal infection and smoking are common in Australia affecting approximately 25,000 pregnancies each year. There is currently no published evidence that establishes how nicotine could produce the lethal effect we have observed in newborn mice; thus, to our knowledge, our animal data are a world first. By confirming one of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to lethality in newborn mice; our work cautions against smoking or the use of NRT during pregnancy.
title: Identification and characterization of citrullinated antigen-specific B cells in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Kerkman, Priscilla
name: Fabre, Emeline
name: Van Der Voort, Ellen
name: Rombouts, Yoann
name: Baeten, Dominique
name: Huizinga, Tom
name: Toes, René
name: Scherer, Hans Ulrich
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Introduction: Immunity to citrullinated antigens is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We set out to elucidate the biology of this disease-specific immune response by identifying and characterizing citrullinated antigen-specific B cells in peripheral blood of RA patients. Methods: Differentially[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: 43. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh); 29. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädische Rheumatologie (DGORh); 25. wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie (GKJR)
Testability of evolutionary game dynamics models based on experimental economics data
Creators: name: Wang, Yijia
name: Chen, Xiaojie
name: Wang, Zhijian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the dynamic processes of a real game system requires an appropriate dynamics model, and rigorously testing a dynamics model is non-trivial. In our methodological research, we develop an approach to testing the validity of game dynamics models that considers the dynamic patterns of angular momentum and speed as measurement variables. Using Rock-Paper-Scissors (RPS) games as an example, we illustrate the geometric patterns in the experiment data. We then derive the related theoretical patterns from a series of typical dynamics models. By testing the goodness-of-fit between the experimental and theoretical patterns, we show that the validity of these models can be evaluated quantitatively. Our approach establishes a link between dynamics models and experimental systems, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the most effective and rigorous strategy for ascertaining the testability of evolutionary game dynamics models.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables (accepted for publication in Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 4/24/2017)
Real-time analysis at the LHC: how to make the most of the data
Creators: name: Doglioni, Caterina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: real-time analysis, DARKJETS, dark matter

description: The Large Hadron Collider collides protons up to 30 million times a second, and provides its experiments with an enormous amount of data. The trigger systems of each experiment quickly analyse and decide whether to retain each of those collision events from the LHC for further analysis, on a timescale of the order of milliseconds. In this seminar, I will presents an overview of the tools and real-time analysis techniques employed within these trigger systems, focusing on the ATLAS, CMS and LHCb experiments. It also presents physics cases that use novel techniques to make the most of LHC data and achieve unprecedented statistical power, such as measurements and searches with physics objects reconstructed and analyzed directly within the trigger system. I will explain how physics searches for dark matter-related particles can be enabled by those techniques.
 Finally, I will give an overview of the interconnections of these real-time analysis techniques to other fields of research and industry.
description: (Virtual) PPD seminar at Rutherford Appleton Lab (UK), 24/06/2020
Diseño y desarrollo de objetos virtuales de aprendizaje como estrategia académica de apoyo a los programas de deserción en las áreas de cálculo y matemáticas
Creators: name: Pacheco Escalante, Paula Andrea
name: Vásquez Reyes, Carlos Arturo
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2016
Subjects: Realidad virtual
Objetos virtuales de aprendizaje
Realidad Virtual en Educación

description: Tesis (Ingeniero de Sistemas).--Universidad de Cartagena. Facultad de Ciencias E Ingenierías. Programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas, 2016
description: El presente estudio tiene por objeto diseñar y desarrollar objetos virtuales de aprendizaje, haciendo uso de tecnologías web 2.0, como estrategia académica que permita apoyar los programas de deserción de la universidad de Cartagena en las áreas de cálculo y matemáticasydesarrollar los OVA a partir de los requerimientos identificados anteriormente haciendo uso de las herramientas web 2.0.