cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of the tight-binding model on Cayley Trees and comparison with Bethe Lattices
Creators: name: Ostilli, M.
name: Bezerra, Claudionor G.
name: Viswanathan, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.2.2, F.2.1

description: There are few exactly solvable lattice models and even fewer solvable quantum lattice models. Here we address the problem of finding the spectrum of the tight-binding model (equivalently, the spectrum of the adjacency matrix) on Cayley trees. Recent approaches to the problem have relied on the similarity between Cayley tree and the Bethe lattice. Here, we avoid to make any ansatz related to the Bethe lattice due to fundamental differences between the two lattices that persist even when taking the thermodynamic limit. Instead, we show that one can use a recursive procedure that starts from the boundary and then use the canonical basis to derive the complete spectrum of the tight-binding model on Cayley Trees. Our resulting algorithm is extremely efficient, as witnessed with remarkable large trees having hundred of shells. We also shows that, in the thermodynamic limit, the density of states is dramatically different from that of the Bethe lattice.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
On the nature and physical conditions of the luminous Lya emitter CR7 and its rest-frame UV components
Creators: name: Sobral, David
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Alegre, Lara
name: Rottgering, Huub
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Darvish, Behnam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new HST/WFC3 observations and re-analyse VLT data to unveil the continuum, variability and rest-frame UV lines of the multiple UV clumps of the most luminous Ly$α$ emitter at z=6.6, CR7. Our re-reduced, flux calibrated X-SHOOTER spectra of CR7 reveal a HeII emission line in observations obtained along the major axis of Lyman-alpha (Lya) emission with the best seeing conditions. HeII is spatially offset by +0.8'' from the peak of Lya emission, and it is found towards clump B. Our WFC3 grism spectra detects the UV continuum of CR7's clump A, yielding a power law with $β=-2.5^{+0.6}_{-0.7}$ and $M_{UV}=-21.87^{+0.25}_{-0.20}$. No significant variability is found for any of the UV clumps on their own, but there is tentative (~2.2$σ$) brightening of CR7 in F110W as a whole from 2012 to 2017. HST grism data fail to robustly detect rest-frame UV lines in any of the clumps, implying fluxes <2x10$^{-17}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ (3 $σ$). We perform CLOUDY modelling to constrain the metallicity and the ionising nature of CR7. CR7 seems to be actively forming stars without any clear AGN activity in clump A, consistent with a metallicity of ~0.05-0.2 Z$_{\odot}$. Component C or an inter-clump component between B and C may host a high ionisation source. Our results highlight the need for spatially resolved information to study the formation and assembly of early galaxies.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Reduced data used in the paper will be available with the final published paper in MNRAS
soziale Herkunft der Taleban
Creators: name: Abou Zahab, Mariam
name: Ruttig, Jan
name: Ruttig, Thomas
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2024

description: Südasien, Bd. 17 Nr. 2 (1997): Indien: Dalit-Frauen: Die Ärmsten der Armen
Nonperturbative Analysis of the Electroweak Phase Transition in the Two Higgs Doublet Model
Creators: name: Andersen, Jens O.
name: Gorda, Tyler
name: Helset, Andreas
name: Niemi, Lauri
name: Tenkanen, Tuomas V. I.
name: Tranberg, Anders
name: Vuorinen, Aleksi
name: Weir, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a nonperturbative study of the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) by deriving a dimensionally reduced high-temperature effective theory for the model, and matching to known results for the phase diagram of the effective theory. We find regions of the parameter space where the theory exhibits a first-order phase transition. In particular, our findings are consistent with previous perturbative results suggesting that the primary signature of a first-order EWPT in the 2HDM is $m_{A_0} > m_{H_0} + m_Z$.
description: 13 pages, v2: references added, two loop scan results and discussion of dimension 6 operators added; v3: corrected minor errors in scanning, added discussion of model constraints; v4: title changed, further minor changes to body, added plot of effective potential, published in PRL
Additional file 1 of Capsule-LPI: a LncRNA–protein interaction predicting tool based on a capsule network
Creators: name: Li, Ying
name: Sun, Hang
name: Feng, Shiyao
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Han, Siyu
name: Du, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials for Capsule-LPI Contains: S1. Dataset for Capsule-LPI; S2. The details of motifs; S3. The architecture of Capsule-LPI; S4. Features of LncADeep used in architecture comparison section; S5. Samples of the architectures of Capsule-LPI for different number of feature combination; S6. The potential lncRNA-disease association results.
Additional file 4: of The impact of a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign on routine primary health service provision and health workers in Tanzania: a controlled before and after study
Creators: name: Gallagher, Katherine
name: Tusajigwe Erio
name: Baisley, Kathy
name: Lees, Shelley
name: Watson-Jones, Deborah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. Ratios, and 95% confidence intervals, of mean counts of the four activity indicators in intervention facilities compared with control facilities in the weeks before, during and after HPV vaccine delivery. Results are stratified by the proportion of the clinical workforce that was absent during the campaign. Ratios, and 95% confidence intervals, of mean counts of the four activity indicators in intervention facilities compared with control facilities in the weeks before, during and after HPV vaccine delivery. Results are stratified by the proportion of the clinical workforce that was absent during the campaign estimated by the negative binomial regression model adjusted for district, facility type (dispensary or health centre), catchment population, total clinical staff per 1000 catchment population per facility, timing of other campaigns. OPD: outpatient care consultations for children under 5Â years; ANC: antenatal care consultations; EPI: routine immunisation consultations; FP: family planning consultations. (PDF 769Â kb)
Der Grüne Traum: Umweltschutz in Pakistan
Creators: name: Khan, Zaffaruallah
name: Clemens, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2024

description: Südasien, Bd. 17 Nr. 2 (1997): Indien: Dalit-Frauen: Die Ärmsten der Armen
A Physically-informed Graph-based Order Parameter for the Universal Characterization of Atomic Structures
Creators: name: Chapman, James
name: Goldman, Nir
name: Wood, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new graph-based order parameter is introduced for the characterization of atomistic structures. The order parameter is universal to any material/chemical system, and is transferable to all structural geometries. Three sets of data are used to validate both the generalizability and accuracy of the algorithm: (1) liquid lithium configurations spanning up to 300 GPa, (2) condensed phases of carbon along with nanotubes and buckyballs at ambient and high temperature, and (3) a diverse set of aluminum configurations including surfaces, compressed and expanded lattices, point defects, grain boundaries, liquids, nanoparticles, all at non-zero temperatures. The aluminum configurations are also compared to existing characterization methods for both speed and accuracy. Our order parameter uniquely classifies every configuration and outperforms all crystalline order parameters studied here, opening the door for its use in a multitude of complex application spaces that can require fine configurational characterization of materials.
Suppressed carrier density for the patterned high mobility two-dimensional electron gas at gamma-Al2O3/SrTiO3 heterointerfaces
Creators: name: Niu, W.
name: Gan, Y. L.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Christensen, D. V.
name: von Soosten, M.
name: Wang, X. F.
name: Xu, Y. B.
name: Zhang, R.
name: Pryds, N.
name: Chen, Y. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the non-isostructural interface between spinel gamma-Al2O3 and perovskite SrTiO3 is featured by a record electron mobility among complex oxide interfaces in addition to a high carrier density up to the order of 1E15 cm-2. Herein, we report on the patterning of 2DEG at the gamma-Al2O3/SrTiO3 interface grown at 650 °C by pulsed laser deposition using a hard mask of LaMnO3. The patterned 2DEG exhibits a critical thickness of 2 unit cells of gamma-Al2O3 for the occurrence of interface conductivity, similar to the unpatterned sample. However, its maximum carrier density is found to be approximately 3E13 cm-2, much lower than that of the unpatterned sample (1E15 cm-2). Remarkably, a high electron mobility of approximately 3,600 cm2V-1s-1 was obtained at low temperatures for the patterned 2DEG at a carrier density of 7E12 cm-2, which exhibits clear Shubnikov-de Hass quantum oscillations. The patterned high-mobility 2DEG at the gamma-Al2O3/SrTiO3 interface paves the way for the design and application of spinel/perovskite interfaces for high-mobility all-oxide electronic devices.
description: 4 figures
Hierarchical Plug-and-Play Voltage/Current Controller of DC Microgrid Clusters with Grid-Forming/Feeding Converters: Line-independent Primary Stabilization and Leader-based Distributed Secondary Regulation
Creators: name: Han, Renke
name: Tucci, Michele
name: Soloperto, Raffaele
name: Martinelli, Andrea
name: Ferrari-Trecate, Giancarlo
name: Guerrero, Josep M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Considering the structure of dc Microgrids (MGs) composed of grid-forming/feeding converters, a hierarchical Plug-and-Play (PnP) voltage/current control architecture for MG clusters is proposed. In the primary level, a PnP voltage/current controller is proposed to achieve simultaneous voltage support and current feeding function according to local references. In addition, stabilizing controller is characterized by explicit inequalities which are only related to local parameters of a MG. In the secondary level, for the system with interconnection of MGs, a leader-based voltage/current distributed controller is proposed to achieve both voltage and current regulation without specifying the individual setpoints for each MG. The proposed controller requires a communication network and each controller exchanges information with its communication neighbors only. With the proposed controller, each MG can plug-in/out of the system seamlessly, irrespectively of the power line parameters and models of other MGs . The proof of the MG cluster closed-loop stability exploits structured Lyapunov functions, the LaSalle invariance theorem and properties of graph Laplacians. Theoretical results are validated by hardware-in-loop (HiL) tests.
description: 37 pages, 10 figures
Constraining baryon annihilation in the hadronic phase of heavy-ion collisions via event-by-event fluctuations
Creators: name: Savchuk, Oleh
name: Vovchenko, Volodymyr
name: Koch, Volker
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the variance of net-baryon distribution normalized by the Skellam distribution baseline, $κ_2[B-\bar{B}]/\langle B+\bar{B}\rangle$, is sensitive to the possible modification of (anti)baryon yields due to $B\bar{B}$ annihilation in the hadronic phase. The corresponding measurements can thus place stringent limits on the magnitude of the $B\bar{B}$ annihilation and its inverse reaction. We perform Monte Carlo simulations of the hadronic phase in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC via the recently developed subensemble sampler + UrQMD afterburner and show that the effect survives in net-proton fluctuations, which are directly accessible experimentally. The available experimental data of the ALICE Collaboration on net-proton fluctuations disfavors a notable suppression of (anti)baryon yields in $B\bar{B}$ annihilations predicted by the present version of UrQMD if only global baryon conservation is incorporated. On the other hand, the annihilations improve the data description when local baryon conservation is imposed. The two effects can be disentangled by measuring $κ_2[B+\bar{B}]/\langle B+\bar{B}\rangle$, which at the LHC is notably suppressed by annihilations but virtually unaffected by baryon number conservation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Robust Clustering with Subpopulation-specific Deviations
Creators: name: Stephenson, Briana
name: Herring, Amy
name: Olshan, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) is a case-control study of birth defects conducted across 10 U.S. states. Researchers are interested in characterizing the etiologic role of maternal diet, collected using a food frequency questionnaire. Because diet is multi-dimensional, dimension reduction methods such as cluster analysis are often used to summarize dietary patterns. In a large, heterogeneous population, traditional clustering methods, such as latent class analysis, used to estimate dietary patterns can produce a large number of clusters due to a variety of factors, including study size and regional diversity. These factors result in a loss of interpretability of patterns that may differ due to minor consumption changes. Based on adaptation of the local partition process, we propose a new method, Robust Profile Clustering, to handle these data complexities. Here, participants may be clustered at two levels: (1) globally, where women are assigned to an overall population-level cluster via an overfitted finite mixture model, and (2) locally, where regional variations in diet are accommodated via a beta-Bernoulli process dependent on subpopulation differences. We use our method to analyze the NBDPS data, deriving pre-pregnancy dietary patterns for women in the NBDPS while accounting for regional variability.
description: 45 pages, 6 figures
Mean ergodic composition operators on spaces of smooth functions and distributions
Creators: name: Kalmes, Thomas
name: Santacreu, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B33, 47B38, 47A35

description: We investigate (uniform) mean ergodicity of weighted composition operators on the space of smooth functions and the space of distributions, both over an open subset of the real line. Among other things, we prove that a composition operator with a real analytic diffeomorphic symbol is mean ergodic on the space of distributions if and only if it is periodic with period 2. Our results are based on a characterization of mean ergodicity in terms of Cesàro boundedness and a growth property of the orbits for operators on Montel spaces which is of independent interest.
description: 13 pages
Additional file 3: of The impact of a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign on routine primary health service provision and health workers in Tanzania: a controlled before and after study
Creators: name: Gallagher, Katherine
name: Tusajigwe Erio
name: Baisley, Kathy
name: Lees, Shelley
name: Watson-Jones, Deborah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Ratios, and 95% confidence intervals, of mean counts of the four activity indicators during dose 2 delivery, comparing the weeks before and after the vaccine campaign with week 5 (HPV vaccine campaign week), or the equivalent time periods in control facilities. Ratios, and 95% confidence intervals, of mean counts of the four activity indicators during dose 2 delivery, comparing the weeks before and after the vaccine campaign with week 5 (HPV vaccine campaign week), or the equivalent time periods in control facilities estimated by the negative binomial regression model adjusted for district, facility type (dispensary or health centre), catchment population, total clinical staff per 1000 catchment population per facility, timing of other campaigns. OPD: outpatient care consultations for children under 5Â years; ANC: antenatal care consultations; EPI: routine immunisation consultations; FP: family planning consultations. (PDF 544Â kb)
Quasiparticle tunneling as a probe of Josephson junction barrier and capacitor material in superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Kurter, C.
name: Murray, C. E.
name: Gordon, R. T.
name: Wymore, B. B.
name: Sandberg, M.
name: Shelby, R. M.
name: Eddins, A.
name: Adiga, V. P.
name: Finck, A. D. K.
name: Rivera, E.
name: Stabile, A. A.
name: Trimm, B.
name: Wacaser, B.
name: Balakrishnan, K.
name: Pyzyna, A.
name: Sleight, J.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Rodbell, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-equilibrium quasiparticles are possible sources for decoherence in superconducting qubits because they can lead to energy decay or dephasing upon tunneling across Josephson junctions (JJs). Here, we investigate the impact of the intrinsic properties of two-dimensional transmon qubits on quasiparticle tunneling (QPT) and discuss how we can use quasiparticle dynamics to gain critical information about the quality of JJ barrier. We find the tunneling rate of the nonequilibrium quasiparticles to be sensitive to the choice of the shunting capacitor material and their geometry in qubits. In some devices, we observe an anomalous temperature dependence of the QPT rate below 100 mK that deviates from a constant background associated with non-equilibrium quasiparticles. We speculate that this behavior is caused by high transmission sites/defects within the oxide barriers of the JJs, leading to spatially localized subgap states. We model this by assuming that such defects generate regions with a smaller effective gap. Our results present a unique in situ characterization tool to assess the uniformity of tunnel barriers in qubit junctions and shed light on how quasiparticles can interact with various elements of the qubit circuit.
Reconstructing a $f(R)$ theory from the $α$-Attractors
Creators: name: Miranda, T.
name: Fabris, J. C.
name: Piattella, O. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show an analogy at high curvature between a $f(R) = R + aR^{n - 1} + bR^2$ theory and the $α$-Attractors. We calculate the expressions of the parameters $a$, $b$ and $n$ as functions of $α$ and the predictions of the model $f(R) = R + aR^{n - 1} + bR^2$ on the scalar spectral index $n_{\rm s}$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. We find that the power law correction $R^{n - 1}$ allows for a production of gravitational waves enhanced with respect to the one in the Starobinsky model, while maintaining a viable prediction on $n_{\rm s}$. We numerically reconstruct the full $α$-Attractors class of models testing the goodness of our high-energy approximation $f(R) = R + aR^{n - 1} + bR^2$. Moreover, we also investigate the case of a single power law $f(R) = γR^{2 - δ}$ theory, with $γ$ and $δ$ free parameters. We calculate analytically the predictions of this model on the scalar spectral index $n_{\rm s}$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and the values of $δ$ which are allowed from the current observational results. We find that $-0.015 < δ< 0.016$, confirming once again the excellent agreement between the Starobinsky model and observation.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. V2: full numerical reconstruction in the appendix. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Erneuter Machtwechsel in Nepal: Analyse und Perspektiven
Creators: name: Krämer, Karl-Heinz
name: Pradhan, Ram
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2024

description: Südasien, Bd. 17 Nr. 2 (1997): Indien: Dalit-Frauen: Die Ärmsten der Armen
From Strangeness Enhancement to Quark-Gluon Plasma Discovery
Creators: name: Koch, Peter
name: Müller, Berndt
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a short survey of signatures and characteristics of the quark-gluon plasma in the light of experimental results that have been obtained over the past three decades. In particular, we present an in-depth discussion of the strangeness observable, including a chronology of the experimental effort to detect QGP at CERN-SPS, BNL-RHIC, and CERN-LHC.
description: 30 pages, about 20 figures; Dedicated to our mentor Walter Greiner; to be published in the memorial volume edited by Peter O. Hess
Innovative Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung von Kinderarbeit
Creators: name: Bailey-Wiebecke, Ilka
name: Rahman, Wahidur
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2024

description: Südasien, Bd. 17 Nr. 2 (1997): Indien: Dalit-Frauen: Die Ärmsten der Armen
Subtropical Satisfiability
Creators: name: Fontaine, Pascal
name: Ogawa, Mizuhito
name: Sturm, Thomas
name: Vu, Xuan Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantifier-free nonlinear arithmetic (QF_NRA) appears in many applications of satisfiability modulo theories solving (SMT). Accordingly, efficient reasoning for corresponding constraints in SMT theory solvers is highly relevant. We propose a new incomplete but efficient and terminating method to identify satisfiable instances. The method is derived from the subtropical method recently introduced in the context of symbolic computation for computing real zeros of single very large multivariate polynomials. Our method takes as input conjunctions of strict polynomial inequalities, which represent more than 40% of the QF_NRA section of the SMT-LIB library of benchmarks. The method takes an abstraction of polynomials as exponent vectors over the natural numbers tagged with the signs of the corresponding coefficients. It then uses, in turn, SMT to solve linear problems over the reals to heuristically find suitable points that translate back to satisfying points for the original problem. Systematic experiments on the SMT-LIB demonstrate that our method is not a sufficiently strong decision procedure by itself but a valuable heuristic to use within a portfolio of techniques.
description: Accepted into Proc. FROCOS 2017
Distribution of the order parameter in strongly disordered superconductors: An analytic theory
Creators: name: Khvalyuk, Anton V.
name: Feigel'man, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed an analytic theory of inhomogeneous superconducting pairing in strongly disordered materials, which are moderately close to superconducting-insulator transition. Single-electron eigenstates are assumed to be Anderson-localized, with a large localization volume. Superconductivity develops due to coherent delocalization of originally localized pre-formed Cooper pairs. The key assumption of the theory is that each such pair is coupled to a large number $Z\gg1$ of similar neighboring pairs. We derived integral equations for the probability distribution $P\left(Δ\right)$ of local superconducting order parameter $Δ\left(\boldsymbol{r}\right)$ and analyzed their solutions in the limit of small dimensionless Cooper coupling constant $λ\ll1$. The shape of the order-parameter distribution is found to depend crucially upon the effective number of nearest neighbors $Z_{\text{eff}}=2ν_{0}Δ_{0}Z$. The solution we provide is valid both at large and small $Z_{\text{eff}}$; the latter case is nontrivial as the function $P\left(Δ\right)$ is heavily non-Gaussian. The discovery of a broad parameter range where the distribution function $P\left(Δ\right)$ is non-Gaussian but also non-critical (in the sense of SIT criticality) is one of our key findings. The analytic results are supplemented by numerical data, and good agreement between them is observed.
description: 20 pages with 7 Figures of the Main Text and extra 43 pages with 7 Appendices and 7 more Figures of Supplementary Materials
Distortion-free Golden-Hadamard Codebook Design for MISO Systems
Creators: name: Sarker, Md. Abdul Latif
name: Kader, Md. Fazlul
name: Lee, Moon Ho
name: Han, Dong Seog
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, a novel Golden-Hadamard codebook (GHC) scheme is proposed to improve the performance of the traditional precoded Alamouti coding for multiple-input and single-output systems. Although the traditional discrete Fourier transform codebook (DFTC) performs satisfactorily with Alamouti coding and offers numerous benefits for the Rayleigh fading channel, this scheme inherently generates huge codeword distortion, which leads to a lower minimum chordal distance (MCD). Furthermore, the uncertain format of all prior versions of codebooks results in poorer minimum determinant (MD) values. Hence, the proposed GHC scheme successfully deals with the issues of traditional DFTC to achieve a better codebook format that completely overcome both MCD and MD problems. The effectiveness of the proposed GHC scheme is confirmed, in terms of bit-error-rate through Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 4 pages,4 figures,2 table, Published (Early Access) in IEEE Communications Letters
MOESM2 of Seroprevalence and determinants of transfusion transmissible infections among voluntary blood donors in Homabay, Kisumu and Siaya counties in western Kenya
Creators: name: Calleb Onyango
name: Ogonda, Lilian
name: Guyah, Bernard
name: Okoth, Peter
name: Shiluli, Clement
name: Humwa, Felix
name: Vallarie Opollo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Pre-donation questionnaire.
Scattering of charmed baryons on nucleons
Creators: name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Krein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral effective field theory is utilized for extrapolating results on the $Λ_c N$ interaction, obtained in lattice QCD at unphysical (large) quark masses, to the physical point. The pion-mass dependence of the components that constitute the $Λ_c N$ potential up to next-to-leading order (pion-exchange diagrams and four-baryon contact terms) is fixed by information from lattice QCD simulations. No recourse to SU(3) or SU(4) flavor symmetry is made. It is found that the results of the HAL QCD Collaboration for quark masses corresponding to $m_π= 410$--$570$ MeV imply a moderately attractive $Λ_c N$ interaction at $m_π= 138$ MeV with scattering lengths of $a\approx -1$ fm for the $^1S_0$ as well as the $^3S_1$ partial waves. For such an interaction the existence of a charmed counterpart of the hypertriton is unlikely but four- and/or five-baryons systems with a $Λ_c$ baryon could be indeed bound.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; table added, several comments added
Embedding Deep Networks into Visual Explanations
Creators: name: Qi, Zhongang
name: Khorram, Saeed
name: Li, Fuxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel Explanation Neural Network (XNN) to explain the predictions made by a deep network. The XNN works by learning a nonlinear embedding of a high-dimensional activation vector of a deep network layer into a low-dimensional explanation space while retaining faithfulness i.e., the original deep learning predictions can be constructed from the few concepts extracted by our explanation network. We then visualize such concepts for human to learn about the high-level concepts that the deep network is using to make decisions. We propose an algorithm called Sparse Reconstruction Autoencoder (SRAE) for learning the embedding to the explanation space. SRAE aims to reconstruct part of the original feature space while retaining faithfulness. A pull-away term is applied to SRAE to make the bases of the explanation space more orthogonal to each other. A visualization system is then introduced for human understanding of the features in the explanation space. The proposed method is applied to explain CNN models in image classification tasks. We conducted a human study, which shows that the proposed approach outperforms single saliency map baselines, and improves human performance on a difficult classification tasks. Also, several novel metrics are introduced to evaluate the performance of explanations quantitatively without human involvement.
Formalizing the Execution Context of Behavior Trees for Runtime Verification of Deliberative Policies
Creators: name: Colledanchise, Michele
name: Cicala, Giuseppe
name: Domenichelli, Daniele E.
name: Natale, Lorenzo
name: Tacchella, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we enable automated property verification of deliberative components in robot control architectures. We focus on formalizing the execution context of Behavior Trees (BTs) to provide a scalable, yet formally grounded, methodology to enable runtime verification and prevent unexpected robot behaviors. To this end, we consider a message-passing model that accommodates both synchronous and asynchronous composition of parallel components, in which BTs and other components execute and interact according to the communication patterns commonly adopted in robotic software architectures. We introduce a formal property specification language to encode requirements and build runtime monitors. We performed a set of experiments, both on simulations and on the real robot, demonstrating the feasibility of our approach in a realistic application and its integration in a typical robot software architecture. We also provide an OS-level virtualization environment to reproduce the experiments in the simulated scenario.
description: Accepted version of IROS2021 conference
Preconditioning a coupled model for reactive transport in porous media
Creators: name: Amir, Laila
name: Kern, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study numerical methods for solving reactive transport problems in porous media that allow a separation of transport and chemistry at the software level, while keeping a tight numerical coupling between both subsystems. After recalling how each individual subsystem can be solved, we give a formulation that eliminates the local chemical concentrations, and keeps the total concentrations as unknowns. The block structure of the model is exploited both at the nonlinear level, by eliminating some unknowns, and at the linear level by using block Gauss-Seidel or block Jacobi preconditioning. The methods are applied to the easy 1D case of the MoMaS benchmark.
Flavour anomalies and the muon $g-2$ from feebly interacting particles
Creators: name: Darmé, Luc
name: Fedele, Marco
name: Kowalska, Kamila
name: Sessolo, Enrico Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a phenomenological analysis of simplified models of light, feebly interacting particles~(FIPs)that can provide a combined explanation of the anomalies in $b\to s l^+ l ^-$ transitions at LHCb and the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Different scenarios are categorised according to the explicit momentum dependence of the FIP coupling to the $b-s$ and $μ-μ$ vector currents and they are subject to several constraints from flavour and precision physics. We show that viable combined solutions to the muon $g-2$ and flavour anomalies exist with the exchange of a vector FIP with mass larger than $4 \,\textrm{GeV}$. Interestingly, the LHC has the potential to probe this region of the parameter space by increasing the precision of the $Z\to 4μ$ cross-section measurement. Conversely, we find that solutions based on the exchange of a lighter vector, in the $m_V < 1\,\textrm{GeV}$ range, are essentially excluded by a combination of $B\to K +\textrm{invisible}$ and $W$-decay precision bounds.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures. Typos corrected, published version
Topological Semantic Mapping by Consolidation of Deep Visual Features
Creators: name: Sousa, Ygor C. N.
name: Bassani, Hansenclever F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many works in the recent literature introduce semantic mapping methods that use CNNs (Convolutional Neural Networks) to recognize semantic properties in images. The types of properties (eg.: room size, place category, and objects) and their classes (eg.: kitchen and bathroom, for place category) are usually predefined and restricted to a specific task. Thus, all the visual data acquired and processed during the construction of the maps are lost and only the recognized semantic properties remain on the maps. In contrast, this work introduces a topological semantic mapping method that uses deep visual features extracted by a CNN (GoogLeNet), from 2D images captured in multiple views of the environment as the robot operates, to create, through averages, consolidated representations of the visual features acquired in the regions covered by each topological node. These representations allow flexible recognition of semantic properties of the regions and use in other visual tasks. Experiments with a real-world indoor dataset showed that the method is able to consolidate the visual features of regions and use them to recognize objects and place categories as semantic properties, and to indicate the topological location of images, with very promising results.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Confinement Effects on an Electron Transfer Reaction in Nanoporous Carbon Electrodes
Creators: name: Li, Zhujie
name: Jeanmairet, Guillaume
name: Méndez-Morales, Trinidad
name: Burbano, Mario
name: Haefele, Matthieu
name: Salanne, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoconfinement generally leads to drastic effect on the physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids. Here we investigate how the electrochemical reactivity in such media may be impacted inside nanoporous carbon electrodes. To this end, we study a simple electron transfer reaction using molecular dynamics simulations. The electrodes are held at constant electric potential by allowing the atomic charges on the carbon atoms to fluctuate. We show that the $\mathrm{Fe^{3+}}/\mathrm{Fe^{2+}}$ couple dissolved in an ionic liquid exhibits a deviation with respect to Marcus theory. This behavior is rationalized by the stabilization of a solvation state of the Fe$^{3+}$ cation in the disordered nanoporous electrode that is not observed in the bulk. The simulation results are fitted with a recently proposed two solvation state model, which allows us to estimate the effect of such a deviation on the kinetics of electron transfer inside nanoporous electrodes.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
A cluster analysis of cold-season atmospheric river tracks over the North Atlantic and their linkages to extreme precipitation and winds
Creators: name: Li, Chuxuan
name: Kamae, Youichi
name: Mei, Wei
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Using reanalysis and high-resolution ensemble simulations, we characterize cold season (December−March) North Atlantic (NA) atmospheric river (AR) tracks by grouping them into four distinct clusters; then for each cluster, we link the year-to-year variations in track count to large-scale climate variability and examine the climatological effects of the cluster on extreme precipitation and winds. The four clusters share similar prevailing AR track orientation, but differ in AR genesis locations and dominate over different regions. Cluster 1, with the longest average track of the four clusters, originates near the U.S. East Coast during La Niña and positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) years and produces extreme precipitation and winds primarily over the eastern coast of North America. Cluster 2, which is weak in intensity and short-lived, forms north of 30°N of the open ocean during positive NAO years and contributes to more than 25% of the precipitation and wind extremes along the coasts of Northwestern Europe. Cluster 3, with the strongest intensity and longest duration among the four clusters, is generated surrounding the Gulf of Mexico during El Niño and negative NAO years and produces respectively more than 50% and 40% of the extreme precipitation and wind events over the eastern U.S. Cluster 4, the smallest and weakest among the four clusters, is favored under negative NAO conditions and generates roughly 25% of the extreme precipitation and winds along the coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The similarities and discrepancies between reanalysis and model simulations and among different member simulations are also discussed.
Additional file 5 of Comparative analysis of powdery mildew resistant and susceptible cultivated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) varieties to reveal the metabolic responses to Sphaerotheca fuliginea infection
Creators: name: Zhang, Peng
name: Zhu, Yuqiang
name: Zhou, Shengjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S1 Analysis of several quality parameters of the metabolomes.
MSM lag time cannot be used for variational model selection
Creators: name: Husic, Brooke E.
name: Pande, Vijay S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variational principle for conformational dynamics has enabled the systematic construction of Markov state models through the optimization of hyperparameters by approximating the transfer operator. In this note we discuss why lag time of the operator being approximated must be held constant in the variational approach.
Additional file 2: of The impact of a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaign on routine primary health service provision and health workers in Tanzania: a controlled before and after study
Creators: name: Gallagher, Katherine
name: Tusajigwe Erio
name: Baisley, Kathy
name: Lees, Shelley
name: Watson-Jones, Deborah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S4. Key informant interview topic guide for health workers who remained at the health facility during the HPV vaccination campaign. The interview topic guide used for key informant interviews with health workers who remained at the health facility during the HPV vaccination campaign activities. (PDF 23Â kb)
Doreen Jameson: Wartime Memories of South Shields
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Doreen Jameson was born in 1934 and was five when the war started. She remembers when the air raids sirens started at her home in Leighton Street, South Shields. She would go to the shelter with her "pixie hat" to keep her warm. An older boy used to play the piano until the "all clear" siren went.Her mother would not go in the shelter and one time a policemen came to the door forcing her to go to the shelter as all the front windows of the house had been blown out by the bomb blast!Her air raid shelter was a wash house in the back yard with a concrete roof. Air raids were regular in South Shields. (249 in total, source Amy Flagg)She remembers the main road to the beach had concrete blocks across it called "tank traps" to prevent the Germans advancing.A German pilot parachuted out of his plane and was trapped in telephone wires other kids were very excited about this. (February 15th 1941, source Amy Flagg)She remembers her school having an air raid shelter in the basement, barrage balloons on the local football pitches (the Dragon), the Home Guard practising with wooden rifles and having to carry her gas mask in a cardboard box.She could have been evacuated, but she was not. She does not know why they were not evacuated.
Factoring Variants of Chebyshev Polynomials with Minimal Polynomials of $\cos(\frac{2π}{d})$
Creators: name: Wolfram, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 12E10, Secondary 12D05

description: We solve the problem of factoring polynomials $V_n(x) \pm 1$ and $W_n(x) \pm 1$ where $V_n(x)$ and $W_n(x)$ are Chebyshev polynomials of the third and fourth kinds. The method of proof is based on previous work by Wolfram [12] for factoring variants of Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kinds, $T_n(x) \pm 1$ and $U_n(x) \pm 1$. We also show that, in general, there are no factorizations of variants of Chebyshev polynomials of the fifth and sixth kinds, $X_n(x) \pm 1$ and $Y_n(x) \pm 1$ using minimal polynomials of $\cos(\frac{2π}{d})$.
description: 9 pages
Distill-and-Compare: Auditing Black-Box Models Using Transparent Model Distillation
Creators: name: Tan, Sarah
name: Caruana, Rich
name: Hooker, Giles
name: Lou, Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Black-box risk scoring models permeate our lives, yet are typically proprietary or opaque. We propose Distill-and-Compare, a model distillation and comparison approach to audit such models. To gain insight into black-box models, we treat them as teachers, training transparent student models to mimic the risk scores assigned by black-box models. We compare the student model trained with distillation to a second un-distilled transparent model trained on ground-truth outcomes, and use differences between the two models to gain insight into the black-box model. Our approach can be applied in a realistic setting, without probing the black-box model API. We demonstrate the approach on four public data sets: COMPAS, Stop-and-Frisk, Chicago Police, and Lending Club. We also propose a statistical test to determine if a data set is missing key features used to train the black-box model. Our test finds that the ProPublica data is likely missing key feature(s) used in COMPAS.
description: Camera-ready version for AAAI/ACM AIES 2018. Data and pseudocode at https://github.com/shftan/auditblackbox. Previously titled "Detecting Bias in Black-Box Models Using Transparent Model Distillation". A short version was presented at NIPS 2017 Symposium on Interpretable Machine Learning
MOESM1 of Seroprevalence and determinants of transfusion transmissible infections among voluntary blood donors in Homabay, Kisumu and Siaya counties in western Kenya
Creators: name: Calleb Onyango
name: Ogonda, Lilian
name: Guyah, Bernard
name: Okoth, Peter
name: Shiluli, Clement
name: Humwa, Felix
name: Vallarie Opollo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Participantsâ distribution.