title: Ð¤Ð¸Ð»ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸Ð¶Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð°
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The development of a low-pass filter for an electronic stethoscope
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐ»Ð¸Ð½, ÐÑÑÑÐ¼
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¿
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ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ñ
electronic stethoscope
Sallen-Key filter
imitation of inductance
pseudoresistor
negative impedance converter
nonlinear distortion
noise characteristic
integrated circuit topology

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description: Ðn assessment of the current state of the scientific and technical problem being solved was conducted and the initial data were identified. The development and modeling of a fourth-order Sallen-Key filter and a low-pass filter with the imitation of inductors by an active circuit based on operational amplifiers and pseudo-resistors were compared. It was found that it is more suitable to use a low-pass filter with the imitation of inductors in an electronic stethoscope due to its advantages over the Sallen-Key filter, such as less ripples in the bandwidth, greater attenuation at the band stop frequency, sharper decrease in frequency response in the transition region, better noise response, and larger dynamic range. The filter with the imitation of inductors has less nonlinear distortion and is operable over a range of temperatures and component values, especially in the frequency range that contains the main peaks of heart and lung sounds. The power consumption and hardware cost of this filter are comparable to similar parameters in other filters used for electronic stethoscopes.