cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Adult mortality and its impact on children in two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya
Creators: name: Ziraba, AK
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2013

description: This thesis examines the impact of adult deaths on children in two slums in Nairobi city. Over the last two decades, there has been a marked increase in adult mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Data on adult mortality in the region are scanty and this makes assessment of its impact on child well-being hard. The thesis analyses data from a longitudinal demographic surveillance system that monitors births, migration, and deaths and identifies causes of death using verbal autopsy. Other data collected include: household characteristics, schooling and health care utilisation. It investigates: i) levels, trends and causes of adult deaths; ii) the impact of adult deaths on children’s household circumstances, and iii) the impact of adult deaths on children’s health and social outcomes. Measures of adult mortality were estimated using life-table and survival analysis techniques. Regression techniques were used to assess impact of adult death on children’s migration, living arrangements, survival, immunisation and schooling. Life expectancy in the two slum populations was low. Adult mortality was higher in women than men. Ethnicity, gender, wealth status were associated with the risk of adult death. Overall, HIV/AIDS was the leading cause of adult death, followed by injuries and tuberculosis. The risk of death from HIV/AIDS was highest in Korogocho slum and the Luo ethnic group. Child mobility in the slums was high. After death of a mother, the risk of child out-migration increased. Death of a father increased average household size while death of a mother resulted in a reduction in household size. Households that experienced adult deaths were more likely to be headed by an older person. Death of a mother, especially from HIV/AIDS, but not that of a father, increased the risk of child death. The risk was highest in the 6 months before and after maternal death. The effect of adult deaths on children’s education depended on slum of residence. While Viwandani children had better educational outcomes overall, death of a mother in Viwandani resulted into poorer schooling outcomes. Interventions aimed at the leading causes of adult deaths need to be scaled up. The results here confirm that adult deaths negatively impact child well-being in this urban setting. Child survival can benefit from scaling up existing interventions, while mitigation of social impacts may require a mix of family and institution-based support for orphaned and vulnerable children.
The robustness of the vacuum wave function and other matters for Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Karabali, Dimitra
name: Nair, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of this paper, we present a set of simple arguments to show that the two-dimensional gauge anomaly and the (2+1)-dimensional Lorentz symmetry determine the leading Gaussian term in the vacuum wave function of (2+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. This is to highlight the robustness of the wave function and its relative insensitivity to the choice of regularizations. We then comment on the correspondence with the explicit calculations done in earlier papers. We also make some comments on the nature of the gauge-invariant configuration space for Euclidean three-dimensional gauge fields (relevant to (3+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills theory).
description: 18 pages
Measuring Career Aspirations in Korean College Women
Creators: name: Kim, Young Hwa
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Counseling psychology
subject: Career aspirations
subject: Confirmatory factor analysis
subject: Cross-cultural psychology
subject: Korean
subject: Translation
subject: Women's career

description: The purpose of this study was to translate and evaluate the Korean version of the Career Aspirations Scale Revised (K-CASR). The American version of the Career Aspirations Scale-Revised (Gregor & O'Brien, 2013) was translated into Korean using multiple translation strategies. The psychometric properties of the K-CASR were examined with data from 377 college women in Korea. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 18-item version of the K-CASR had good model fit with the hypothesized three factor structure (achievement aspirations; leadership aspirations, educational aspirations). The K-CASR also exhibited moderately high internal consistency and stability. Convergent validity was supported by positive correlations with achievement motivation, career orientation, and career goal engagement. Implications for future research and counseling were discussed.
Diluting Identity: Applying a Goal Systemic Theory of Group Identification
Creators: name: Dugas, Michelle
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social psychology
subject: Dilution
subject: Equifinality
subject: Goal Systems
subject: Group Identification

description: A goal systemic perspective of group identification that conceptualizes groups as means to goals is proposed. Four studies investigate the effect of equifinality set size (i.e., the number of alternative means available for a given goal) on group identification. Greater equifinality set sizes are hypothesized to dilute the perceived instrumentality of a given means, which is proposed to have implications for group identification. Studies 1 and 2 found evidence that accessibility of multiple groups facilitating the same goal weakens identification with a target group. Study 3 investigated this in the context of optimal distinctiveness paradigm, finding evidence that larger equifinality set sizes dilute identification with minority but not majority groups. Study 4 illustrated that the presence of alternative means to reduce uncertainty lessens identification with extreme groups, and that this effect was mediated by perceived instrumentality. Theoretical and practical implications of the proposed framework are discussed.
First light of a holographic aperture mask: Observation at the Keck OSIRIS Imager
Creators: name: Doelman, David S.
name: Wardenier, Joost P.
name: Tuthill, Peter
name: Fitzgerald, Michael P.
name: Lyke, Jim
name: Sallum, Steph
name: Norris, Barnaby
name: Warriner, N. Zane
name: Keller, Christoph
name: Escuti, Michael J.
name: Snik, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the design, construction, and commissioning of a prototype aperture masking technology implemented at the Keck OSIRIS Imager: the holographic aperture mask. Holographic aperture masking (HAM) aims at (i) increasing the throughput of sparse aperture masking (SAM) by selectively combining all subapertures across a telescope pupil in multiple interferograms using a phase mask, and (ii) adding low-resolution spectroscopic capabilities. Using liquid-crystal geometric phase patterns, we manufacture a HAM mask that uses an 11-hole SAM design as the central component and a holographic component comprising 19 different subapertures. Thanks to a multilayer liquid-crystal implementation, the mask has a diffraction efficiency higher than 96% from 1.1 to 2.5 micron. We create a pipeline that extracts monochromatic closure phases from the central component as well as multiwavelength closure phases from the holographic component. We test the performance of the HAM mask in the laboratory and on-sky. The holographic component yields 26 closure phases with spectral resolutions between R$\sim$6.5 and R$\sim$15. On April 19, 2019, we observed the binary star HDS 1507 in the Hbb filter ($λ_0 = 1638$ nm and $Δλ= 330$ nm) and retrieved a constant separation of 120.9 $\pm 0.5$ mas for the independent wavelength bins, which is in excellent agreement with literature values. For both the laboratory measurements and the observations of unresolved reference stars, we recorded nonzero closure phases -- a potential source of systematic error that we traced to polarization leakage of the HAM optic. We propose a future upgrade that improves the performance, reducing this effect to an acceptable level. Holographic aperture masking is a simple upgrade of SAM with increased throughput and a new capability of simultaneous low-resolution spectroscopy that provides new differential observables.
description: 17 pages, 21 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
LOCATING CHARGING STATIONS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN RURAL AND URBAN NETWORKS
Creators: name: Roshan Zamir, Kiana
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Transportation planning

description: Using new alternative fuels for motorized transportation vehicles has become increasingly popular with the growing concerns on the limitation of fossil fuels and environmental degradation. Introduction of numerous models of electric vehicles in the 21 century raised hope for replacing conventional internal combustion engine vehicles with these vehicles; however several barriers has adversely impacted the widespread adoption of these vehicles. Providing adequate number of charging stations and planning the layout of their infrastructure will help overcome some of the existing challenges. In this thesis, two formulations are presented for the optimal layout of these stations in rural and urban networks and the models are applied on two networks.  For the rural model, the results indicate the solution is highly sensitive to the assumptions about the range of vehicles for which we are designing the layout. In the urban context, the decision about number and location of chargers is highly dependent on the probability threshold we choose for satisfying the demand.
Unusual decoherence in qubit measurements with a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Sokolovski, D.
name: Gurvitz, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an electrostatic qubit located near a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of noninteracting bosons in a double-well potential, which is used for qubit measurements. Tracing out the BEC variables we obtain a simple analytical expression for the qubit's density-matrix. The qubit's evolution exhibits a slow ($\propto1/\sqrt{t}$) damping of the qubit's coherence term, which however turns to be a Gaussian one in the case of static qubit. This stays in contrast to the exponential damping produced by most classical detectors. The decoherence is, in general, incomplete and strongly depends on the initial state of the qubit.
description: 5 pages, additional explanations related to experimental realization are added, typos corrected, Phys. Rev. A, in press
LMonad: Information Flow Control for Haskell Web Applications
Creators: name: Parker, James Lee
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Information Flow Control
subject: Programming Languages
subject: Security

description: Many web applications adhere to privacy policies for users and offer rich access control policies. It can be difficult to enforce these policies because applications can be complex, large, and involve multiple developers. Information Flow Control (IFC) can address this difficulty by guaranteeing that policies are enforced.

This thesis presents LMonad, an IFC system designed to enforce IFC policies in Haskell web applications. LMonad generalizes LIO, previous work that offers IFC for Haskell programs. Specifically, LMonad provides a monad transformer to enforce IFC, in LIO's style, over any existing computation. In addition, LMonad offers label annotations to specify policies, and it guarantees that database interactions adhere to the policies.

To evaluate LMonad, we developed an example website with various IFC policies and converted a large, existing web application to include LMonad policies. Results indicate that LMonad has low runtime overhead and is feasible to use in terms of programmer effort.
ASIAN-AMERICAN IMMIGRANT PARENTS’ BELIEFS ABOUT HELPFUL STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH CONCERNS
Creators: name: Frese, Kristen Marie
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: School counseling
subject: Asian-American
subject: Immigrant
subject: Mental health literacy
subject: Parent
subject: School mental health services
subject: School psychology

description: The present exploratory, mixed-methods study explores Asian-American immigrant parents’ beliefs about helpful strategies for addressing youth mental illness (i.e., depression and eating disorders). Nineteen Asian-American immigrant parents (M=46.1 years, SD=3.9) completed closed-ended surveys and semi-structured interviews. Frequency counts were collected from the surveys on parents’ attitudes toward mental health services, products, and providers for the prevention and intervention of adolescent mental illnesses. The interviews were coded for themes using thematic analysis in order to explore parents’ beliefs about helpful strategies for addressing youth mental illness. Five primary strategies for addressing youth mental health concerns emerged: Providing social support; providing strategies to improve mental health; teaching adolescents about mental health; seeking help from professionals; and identifying the cause or diagnosing the problem. The roles that the school and culture play in each of those strategies is discussed. Implications are given for school-based mental health providers.
Surrealism: A Marvelous Freedom, An Outside In Exaltation of Surrealism
Creators: name: Dukes, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: My thesis research analyzes the capacity an Afro-Surrealist methodology has to create meaningful connections and experiences for Black gallery and museum visitors. Generally speaking, Afro-Surrealism as a movement is the creative analysis of Black life. Afro-Surrealist work unearths the joy, pain, absurdity, humor, and artistry of the everyday experience of Blackness. As outlined in D. Scot Miller’s Afro-Surrealist Manifesto, Afro-Surrealism posits the present tense action emotion of being when sharing and experiencing art. My research draws from both Afro-Pessimist, Black Feminist, and Afro-Surrealist discourse in art, literature, and film and applies these theories to gallery and museum work. Expanding on Suzanne Césaire’s definition of Black Surrealism as freedom, a return to ourselves, and a “blossoming outwards in all directions”, my thesis presents a unique contribution to the museology field by exploring the application of art theory to practical gallery and museum work. Afro-Surrealism is a broad concept that describes the creative response to the everyday experience of Blackness. This thesis proposal assumes that art holds the spiritual capacity to shift our understanding of ourselves and our position within the world, therefore, Afro-Surrealism is a necessary tool to create a memorable and emotional experience within the exhibition space for Black visitors. As a museological approach, Afro-Surrealism counters exhibitions that center static representations of Black life by producing narratives that are either traumatizing, overly academic, or overly optimistic or aspirational. An Afro-Surrealist framework does not deny the validity of these narratives, but instead enhances the power of the artwork by cultivating a relationship between the work, the Black visitor, and the artist. This “spiritual” connection is commonly lost in exhibition spaces for the sake of the institution and its majority non-Black patronage. An exhibition that leverages Afro-Surrealism places the experience of the most marginalized Black museum visitor at the forefront and considers the creative connections necessary to generate resonances for this visitor. An Afro-Surrealist framework (across an array of creative methods) abstracts the present moment by depicting Black life as it is- peculiar, yet beautiful. The discussion of Black life as odd is one that is explored throughout Afro-Pessimist theory which suggests that Black life is defined and confined to the ruptures of the transatlantic slave trade and thus global anti-blackness. Afro-Surrealism within my definition, is the beauty that emerges from the social death of Black life as defined by Jared Sexton; put otherwise, Afro-Surrealism is the creative response that is only unearthed from the position of what Franz Fanon describes as the nonbeing.
Additional file 6 of HEnRY: a DZIF LIMS tool for the collection and documentation of biomaterials in multicentre studies
Creators: name: Heinen, Stephanie
name: Schulze, Nick
name: Franke, Bernd
name: Klein, Florian
name: Lehmann, Clara
name: Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T.
name: Gloistein, Claas
name: Stecher, Melanie
name: Vehreschild, Jörg Janne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 6. Supplementary material 6: Use case with user rights
Density Fluctuations as Signature of a Non--Equilibrium First Order Phase Transition
Creators: name: Sasaki, C.
name: Friman, B.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the presence of spinodal instabilities which develop at a first order phase transition, the fluctuations of conserved charges can be as strong as those at the critical end point (CEP). In particular, the net baryon number susceptibility diverges as the system crosses the isothermal spinodal lines. This indicates that charge density fluctuations can be used not only to probe the CEP but also the non--equilibrium first order chiral phase transition in heavy ion collisions.
description: 4 pageg, 1 figure; to appear in the proceedings of 20th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions: Quark Matter 2008 (QM2008), Jaipur, India, Feb 4-10, 2008
Optical charge injection into a gallium arsenide acoustic charge transport device
Creators: name: Beggs, Bruce Cameron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There is a need for monolithic devices capable of spatial resolution in imaging and ionizing radiation detection. In this thesis, a GaAs acoustic charge transport device (ACT) was studied for this purpose. A new method of charge injection has been demonstrated for the ACT. Using near-infrared optical pulses incident through thin semi-transparent chromium windows, electron-hole-pairs were separated by the electric field in a depleted n-type channel region of the device. For light penetration less than the depth of the electron potential minimum, and for small injection levels, calculations indicated that electrons and holes were separated at their saturation velocities. Holes moving toward the surface of the substrate could recombine with electrons at an evaporated Schottky metal plate. Electrons moving toward the channel centre were bunched and transported by the electric field coupled to a <110> propagating surface acoustic wave (SAW) on (100) cut GaAs. Quantum efficiency, defined as the number of electrons collected at the output per incident photon on the GaAs surface, was greater than 9% at an optical wavelength of 730 nm. When compensation was made for the loss and reflection due to the chromium windows, the quantum efficiency was in excess of 24%. Charge transfer efficiency was greater than 0.992 with the ACT clocked at 360 MHz. The demonstrated optical injection technique may be of use in future ACT imaging devices.
Magnetic Ordering and Negative Thermal Expansion in PrFeAsO
Creators: name: Kimber, S. A. J.
name: Argyriou, D. N.
name: Yokaichiya, F.
name: Habicht, K.
name: Gerischer, S.
name: Hansen, T.
name: Chatterji, T.
name: Klingeler, R.
name: Hess, C.
name: Behr, G.
name: Kondrat, A.
name: Buechner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the structure and magnetism of PrOFeAs, one of the parent phases of the newly discovered Fe-As superconductors, as measured by neutron powder diffraction. In common with other REOFeAs materials, a tetragonal-orthorhombic phase transition is found on cooling below 136 K and striped Fe magnetism with $k =$(1,0,1) is detected below $\sim$ 85 K. Our magnetic order parameter measurements show that the ordered Fe moment along the a axis reaches a maximum at $\sim$ 40 K, below which an anomalous expansion of the c axis sets in, which results in a negative thermal volume expansion of 0.015 % at 2 K. We propose that this effect, which is suppressed in superconducting samples, is driven by a delicate interplay between Fe and Pr ordered moments.
Toward N to Nπ matrix elements from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Barca, Lorenzo
name: Bali, Gunnar S.
name: Collins, Sara
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: QCD matrix elements of axial and vector currents between nucleons are required for the Monte Carlo reconstruction of the energy of neutrinos that are detected in long baseline oscillation experiments in the quasielastic regime. The cleanest approach for determining the axial matrix elements is lattice QCD. However, the extraction of these from the corresponding correlation functions is complicated by very large excited state contributions, that are related to transitions from the nucleon to a nucleon-pion pair. In this pilot study with a pion mass mπ=429  MeV, we demonstrate for the first time that these contributions can be removed by including five-(anti)quark operators into the basis of interpolators used to create the nucleon. The same techniques will be needed to compute transition matrix elements between the nucleon and nucleon-pion scattering states that are relevant in the resonance production regime.
Lepton Flavor Violating Photoleptonic Effect
Creators: name: Carquin, Edson
name: Ivanov, Yuri
name: Kovalenko, Sergey
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study lepton flavor violating analogs of the photoelectric effect, with a final $μ$ or $τ$ instead of an electron: $γe\to μ$ and $γe\to τ$. On the basis of the general parametrization of the matrix element of the electromagnetic current we estimate the upper limits for the cross sections and event rates of these processes, imposed by the current experimental bounds on $μ\to e γ$ and $τ\to e γ$ decays.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 4
Theorizing the Brave: Black Girlhood, Affect, and Performance in Kirsten Childs's The Bubbly Black Girl Sheds Her Chameleon Skin
Creators: name: Ealey, Jordan Alexandria
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Theater
subject: African American studies
subject: Women's studies
subject: Black Feminist Theory
subject: Black Girlhood
subject: Black Musical Theatre
subject: Kirsten Childs

description: “Theorizing the Brave” is a critical study of Kirsten Childs’s musical, The Bubbly Black Girl Sheds Her Chameleon Skin (2000). Through a textual analysis of the musical’s book and lyrics as well as a thorough consideration of the musical’s historical context and implications, this thesis investigates the overarching question: How does Bubbly Black Girl interrogate the precarious political position of Black girls and women in the theatre? Specifically, how does Childs’s musical challenge and reframe notions of Blackness, girlhood, womanhood, and sexuality? By critically engaging The Bubbly Black Girl Sheds Her Chameleon Skin, this thesis project employs theoretical frameworks of Black feminist theory, critical race theory, and affect theory to examine how Childs interrogates and reformulates the discourse around Black girls and women in the American theatre, thereby also challenging the constrictive scripting of Black girlhood and womanhood in everyday life.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ АНАЭРОБНОГО ГЛЮКОЗНОГО ОБМЕНА В СПИННОМОЗГОВОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ
Creators: name: Мирзаева, Сарвиноз
name: Хусанов, Темурбек
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Данная обзорная статья посвящена актуальным методам оценки анаэробного глюкозного обмена в спинномозговой жидкости (СМЖ). Исследования анаэробного глюкозного метаболизма в центральной нервной системе (ЦНС) имеют важное значение для диагностики и мониторинга неврологических расстройств.
Coacervate-Based Protocells: Integration of Life-Like Properties in a Droplet
Creators: name: Haren, Merlijn Van
name: Nakashima, Karina
name: Spruijt, Evan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30505 Physical Organic Chemistry
subject: 30406 Proteins and Peptides
subject: Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: The formation of compartments with life-like properties from abiotic origins is one of the most drastic, yet least-understood transitions in the emergence of cellular life. Similarities between the protoplasm of modern cells and liquid droplets formed by condensation of oppositely charged macromolecules led Oparin to postulate in the 1930s that primitive protocells might have formed by coacervation. However, in order to proliferate, protocells must be stable, preserve their identity, and be capable of fuelled growth and division. At the time, it was not clear how passive coacervate droplets made from large polymers could fulfil these requirements. Recent advances in systems chemistry and physics of active droplets have revived the idea that various life-like properties could be integrated in a single droplet. The challenges on the way for coacervates to become viable protocells are being addressed one by one, and coacervate systems with increasing complexity and emergent properties are being developed. Here, we review the recent developments aimed at providing coacervates with the characteristics required to become self-sustained. Our discussion includes the incorporation of genetic material
in coacervates, their stabilization by interfacial membrane assembly, and ways to achieve growth and division by fuelled reactions. From a distance, coacervates may be far from the complexity of modern cells, but they represent a promising systems chemistry approach to create protocells with properties beyond the sum of their parts [1].
Elastoplasticity Mediates Dynamical Heterogeneity Below the Mode-Coupling Temperature
Creators: name: Chacko, Rahul N.
name: Landes, François P.
name: Biroli, Giulio
name: Dauchot, Olivier
name: Liu, Andrea J.
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As liquids approach the glass transition temperature, dynamical heterogeneity emerges as a crucial universal feature of their behavior. Dynamic facilitation, where local motion triggers further motion nearby, plays a major role in this phenomenon. Here we show that long-range, elastically-mediated facilitation appears below the mode-coupling temperature, adding to the short-range component present at all temperatures. Our results suggest deep connections between the supercooled liquid and glass states, and pave the way for a deeper understanding of dynamical heterogeneity in glassy systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. SM included as ancillary
Dynamics of domain wall networks with junctions
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Menezes, J.
name: Menezes, R.
name: Oliveira, J. C. R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a combination of analytic tools and an extensive set of the largest and most accurate three-dimensional field theory numerical simulations to study the dynamics of domain wall networks with junctions. We build upon our previous work and consider a class of models which, in the limit of large number $N$ of coupled scalar fields, approaches the so-called `ideal' model (in terms of its potential to lead to network frustration). We consider values of $N$ between N=2 and N=20, and a range of cosmological epochs, and we also compare this class of models with other toy models used in the past. In all cases we find compelling evidence for a gradual approach to scaling, strongly supporting our no-frustration conjecture. We also discuss the various possible types of junctions (including cases where there is a hierarchy of them) and their roles in the dynamics of the network. Finally, we revise the Zel'dovich bound and provide an updated cosmological bound on the energy scale of this type of defect network: it must be lower than $10 {\rm keV}$.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Computer image based scaling of logs
Creators: name: Finnighan, Grant Adam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Individual log scaling for the forest industry is a time consuming operation. Presented here are the design and prototype test results of an automated technique that will improve on the current speed of this operation, while still achieving the required accuracy. This is based on a technique that uses a television camera and graphics monitor to enable the operator to spot logs in images, which an attached processor can automatically scale. The system must be first calibrated however. Additional to the time savings are the advantages that the accuracy will be maintained, if not improved, and the operation may now be performed from a sheltered location.
More Level
Creators: name: Hurley, Mason Van Alstyne
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fine arts

description: More Level is an exhibition of sculptures in The University of Maryland Art Gallery. The three sculptural works explore ideas in form, craft, space, and time. In the following, I describe my processes, personal experiences and thought patterns as I create art. I also provide descriptions of the work in the show.
THE ROLE OF AUDIT COMMITTEE DILIGENCE IN ENHANCING FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY AMONG NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Creators: name: Udo E., Akpa
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Audit Committee Diligence, Financial Reporting Quality, Corporate Governance, Sub-Saharan Africa, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)

description: The study aims to address the inconsistency and unreliability of financial Reports among listed firms in Sub-Saharan Africa, attributed to insufficient audit committee diligence, lack of expertise, and limited oversight resources. By examining the impact of audit committee diligence on financial Reporting quality, the study seeks to enhance understanding of corporate governance mechanisms in the unique context of Sub-Saharan Africa. The main finding highlights the significant positive effect of audit committee diligence on financial Reporting quality. The study employed a panel dynamic regression analysis, using secondary data sourced from annual Reports of 235 non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group, Johannesburg Stock Exchange, and Nairobi Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) regression model was utilized to account for endogeneity and heteroscedasticity issues, ensuring robust and reliable results. The analysis reveals that audit committee diligence, particularly the frequency and effectiveness of meetings, significantly enhances the quality of financial Reporting. The results indicate a positive relationship between the number of audit committee meetings and financial Reporting quality, as measured by Jones Discretionary Accrual, with a significant coefficient (0.041, p < 0.05). This underscores the crucial role of diligent audit committees in improving financial transparency and reliability. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the importance of audit committee diligence in the context of SubSaharan Africa, a region that has been largely overlooked in previous research. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and stakeholders, emphasizing the need for robust governance mechanisms to enhance financial Reporting quality and foster economic growth. The study also lays the groundwork for future research to explore other dimensions of audit committee effectiveness.
ความพึงพอใจของนักศึกษามหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลสุวรรณภูมิที่มีต่อการเรียนการสอนปรับพื้นฐานวิชาคณิตศาสตร์
Creators: name: มนตรี สังข์ทอง
name: ประภาส กลับนวล
name: วรรณภรณ์ สุทนต์
name: อเนก พุทธิเดช
name: จินดาพร คงเดช
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2556
Subjects: การเรียนการสอนปรับพื้นฐาน, การปรับพื้นฐานวิชาคณิตศาสตร์

description: 3, 18, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
Wide-field Survey around Local Group Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Leo II: Spatial Distribution of Stellar Content
Creators: name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Doi, Mamoru
name: Furusawa, Hisanori
name: Hamabe, Masaru
name: Imi, Katsumi
name: Kimura, Masahiko
name: Miyazaki, Satoshi
name: Nakata, Fumiaki
name: Okada, Norio
name: Okamura, Sadanori
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Sekiguchi, Maki
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Yasuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out a wide-field V, I imaging survey of the Local Group dwarf spheroidal galaxy Leo II using the Subaru Prime Focus Camera on the 8.2-m Subaru Telescope. The survey covered an area of 26.67 x 26.67 arcmin^2, far beyond the tidal radius of Leo II (8.63 arcmin), down to the limiting magnitude of V ~26, which is roughly 1 mag deeper than the turn-off point of the main sequence stars of Leo II. Radial number density profiles of bright and faint red giant branch (RGB) stars were found to change their slopes at around the tidal radius, and extend beyond the tidal radius with shallower slopes. A smoothed surface brightness map of Leo II suggests the existence of a small substructure of globular cluster luminosity beyond the tidal radius. We investigated the properties of the stellar population by means of the color-magnitude diagram. The horizontal branch (HB) morphology index shows a radial gradient in which red HB stars are more concentrated than blue HB stars, which is common to many Local Group dwarf spheroidal galaxies. The color distribution of RGB stars around the mean RGB sequence shows a larger dispersion at the center than in the outskirts, indicating a mixture of stellar populations at the center and a more homogeneous population in the outskirts. Based on the age estimation using subgiant branch (SGB) stars, we found that although the major star formation took place ~8 Gyr ago, a considerable stellar population younger than 8 Gyr is found at the center; such a younger population is insignificant in the outskirts.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
อิทธิพลของภาวะผู้นำการเปลี่ยนแปลง การจัดการความรู้และนวัตกรรมที่มีต่อผลการดำเนินงานของธนาคารพาณิชย์
Creators: name: ชารวี บุตรบำรุง
name: ธนสุวิทย์ ทับหิรัญรักษ์
name: สมภูมิ แสวงกุล
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2556
Subjects: ภาวะผู้นำการเปลี่ยนแปลง การจัดการความรู้ นวัตกรรม ผลการดำเนินงานธนาคารพาณิชย์

description: 3, 18, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
Higgs boson decay into bottom quarks and uncertainties of perturbative QCD predictions
Creators: name: Kataev, A. L.
name: Kim, V. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different methods for treating the results of higher-order perturbative QCD calculations of the decay width of the Standard Model Higgs boson into bottom quarks are discusssed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the $M_H$ dependence of the decay width $Γ(H\to \bar{b}b})$ in the cases when the mass of b-quark is defined as the running parameter in the $\bar{MS}$-scheme and as the quark pole mass. The relation between running and pole masses is taken into account in the order $α_s^4$-approximation. Some special features of applications of Analytical Perturbation Theory (APT) are commented.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, misprints corrected, 2 references added
The dynamics of early-type galaxies as a tool to understand their hot coronae and their IMF
Creators: name: Posacki, Silvia <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: FIS/05 Astronomia e astrofisica

description: Dynamical models of galaxies are a powerful tool to study and understand several astrophysical problems related to galaxy formation and evolution. This thesis is focussed on a particular type of dynamical models, that are widely used in literature, and are based on the solution of the Jeans equations. By means of a numerical Jeans solver code, developed on purpose and able to build state-of-the-art advanced axisymmetric galaxy models, two of the main currently investigated issues in the field of research of early-type galaxies (ETGs) are addressed. The first topic concerns the hot and X-ray emitting gaseous coronae that surround ETGs. The main goal is to explain why flat and rotating galaxies generally exhibit haloes with lower gas temperatures and luminosities with respect to rounder and velocity dispersion supported systems. The second astrophysical problem addressed concerns instead the stellar initial mass function (IMF) of ETGs. Nowadays, this is a very controversial issue due to a growing number of
works on ETGs, based on different and independent techniques, that show evidences of a systematic variation of the IMF normalization as a function of galaxy velocity
dispersion or mass. These studies are changing the previous opinion that the IMF of ETGs was the same as that of spiral galaxies, and hence universal throughout the whole large family of galaxies.
A pharmacoeconomic evaluation of the pharmacotherapeutic options for painful diabetic neuropathy
Creators: name: Zhu, Jiejin
name: Li, Wanshu
name: Shi, Changcheng
name: Li, Qingyu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a high incidence and severe complication of diabetes mellitus, significantly compromising patients’ quality of life and causing tremendous economic burden. Considering drug costs becomes part of treatment decisions, with the growing choice of monotherapy or combination treatment strategies for PDN treatment. This systematic review aims to identify the cost-effectiveness of pharmacotherapies in PDN, summarize key findings, and assess the quality of studies to inform healthcare resource allocation decisions and future research. Economic evaluations were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and health technology assessment (HTA) databases, as well as screening reference lists of previously identified studies. Relevant data was extracted, and the CHEERS checklist was used to assess the quality of the studies. Collectively, the findings indicate that more pharmacoeconomics research is urgently needed to directly compare high-quality research for PDN combination medication/sequential treatment, and which is performed from a societal perspective. Simultaneously, to strengthen the reliability of the analysis, metrics such as adherence, incidence of adverse drug reactions, and pain levels utility value should be examined to verify the robustness of the basic results.
Towards a standardised strategy to collect and distribute application software artifacts
Creators: name: Laurenson, Thomas
name: MacDonell, Stephen
name: Wolfe, Hank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reference sets contain known content that are used to identify relevant or filter irrelevant content. Application profiles are a type of reference set that contain digital artifacts associated with application software. An application profile can be compared against a target data set to identify relevant evidence of application usage in a variety of investigation scenarios. The research objective is to design and implement a standardised strategy to collect and distribute application software artifacts using application profiles. An advanced technique for creating application profiles was designed using a formalised differential analysis strategy. The design was implemented in a live differential forensic analysis tool, LiveDiff, to automate and simplify data collection. A storage mechanism was designed based on a previously standardised forensic data abstraction. The design was implemented in a new data abstraction, Application Profile XML (APXML), to provide storage, distribution and automated processing of collected artifacts.
description: Conference paper, 6 pages, 3 tables, 4 figures
Performance evaluation of the movable-slot TDM protocol and its application in metropolitan area networks
Creators: name: Hon, Lenny Kwok-Ming
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Movable-slot time-division multiplexing (MSTDM) is a medium access control protocol for the integration of voice and data in local area networks. In this thesis, the performance of this protocol is evaluated through mathematical analysis and simulation. Its application in metropolitan area networks is also studied. For the performance evaluation, a non-pre-emptive priority queuing model is first proposed for analysing the mean data delay characteristic of the slotted non-persistent carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) protocol. Then this analytical approach is extended to the slotted MSTDM protocol with non-persistent data packet transmission, and its mean data delay performance is obtained. Numerical results from the analysis are shown and discussed. Moreover, simulation study of the MSTDM protocol is performed. Through the simulation results, the effects of this protocol on the general delay performances of voice and data are discussed. It is found that if first voice packets, which are generated at the beginning of talkspurts, are given a shorter retransmission delay than data packets, the channel-acquisition delay for voice sources can be reduced without sacrificing the data delay performance significantly. The simulation results are also used to verify the analytical results. As the comparisons show, the accuracy of the analysis is high although it is based on a simple approximate model. For the application of MSTDM in metropolitan area networks, a scheme which alleviates the distance and transmission rate constraints associated with this protocol is described. The approach is to divide the stations in a large area into regional groups, each operating in a different frequency band. Each group forms a sub-network which is part of the metropolitan area network. An access protocol is proposed for interconnecting these sub-networks. Also an analysis which finds the optimum number of sub-networks for interconnection is presented. The criterion is to minimize the mean data delay for communications in a sub-network.
Hardware-efficient random circuits to classify noise in a multi-qubit system
Creators: name: Kim, Jin-Sung
name: Bishop, Lev S.
name: Corcoles, Antonio D.
name: Merkel, Seth
name: Smolin, John A.
name: Sheldon, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we extend a multi-qubit benchmarking technique known as the Binned Output Generation (BOG) in order to discriminate between coherent and incoherent noise sources in the multi-qubit regime. While methods exist to discriminate coherent from incoherent noise at the single and few-qubit level, these methods scale poorly beyond a few qubits or must make assumptions about the form of the noise. On the other end of the spectrum, system-level benchmarking techniques exist, but fail to discriminate between coherent and incoherent noise sources. We experimentally verify the BOG against Randomized Benchmarking (RB) (the industry standard benchmarking technique) in the two-qubit regime, then apply this technique to a six qubit linear chain, a regime currently inaccessible to RB. In this experiment we inject an instantaneous coherent Z-type noise on each qubit and demonstrate that the measured coherent noise scales correctly with the magnitude of the injected noise, while the measured incoherent noise remains unchanged as expected. This demonstrates a robust technique to measure coherent errors in a variety of hardware.
Impact on functionality of the paliperidone palmitate three-month formulation in patients with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia: a real-world observational prospective study
Creators: name: Garcia-Portilla, Maria Paz
name: Ruiz, Adolfo Benito
name: Robina, Felisa Gómez
name: Dorado, Marta García
name: Rengel, Paola María López
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: : Information on the effect of the paliperidone palmitate three-month (PP3M) formulation on functionality in patients in the early stages of psychosis is lacking. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of PP3M on functionality in patients recently diagnosed with schizophrenia. : This was an observational, multicenter, and prospective study in patients with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia undergoing treatment with PP3M. Evaluations included the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale, the Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia (CGI-Sch), the Medication Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire. : A total of 101/110 evaluable patients (91.8%) completed the study and were included in the efficacy analyses. The total PSP score increased from a mean of 68.5 (15.3) at baseline to a mean of 72.1 (15.4) at month 6 and 74.8 (16.7) at month 12 with a before-and-after difference of 3.6 (95% CI, 1.6 to 5.5, p<0.001) at month 6 and 6.2 (95% CI, 4.2 to 8.3, p<0.001) at month 12. CGI-Sch severity significantly decreased from a mean score of 2.8 (1.1) at baseline to a score of 2.2 (1.1) at month 12 with a before-and-after difference of -0.6 (95% CI, 0.8 to -0.4, p<0.001). : Early introduction of PP3M in the course of schizophrenia is associated with a meaningful benefit in social functioning and at least maintains clinical stability.