cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mean flow generation by three-dimensional non-linear internal wave beams
Creators: name: Beckebanze, F.
name: Raja, K.
name: Maas, L. R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generation of strong mean flow by weakly non-linear internal wave beams. With a perturbational expansion, we construct analytic solutions for 3D internal wave beams, exact up to first order accuracy in the viscosity parameter. We specifically focus on the subtleties of wave beam generation by oscillating boundaries, such as wave makers in laboratory set-ups. The exact solutions to the linearized equations allow us to derive an analytic expression for the mean vertical vorticity production term, which induces a horizontal mean flow. Whereas mean flow generation associated with viscous beam attenuation - known as streaming - has been described before, we are the first to also include a peculiar inviscid mean flow generation in the vicinity of the oscillating wall, resulting from line vortices at the lateral edges of the oscillating boundary. Our theoretical expression for the mean vertical vorticity production is in good agreement with earlier laboratory experiments, for which the previously unrecognized inviscid mean flow generation mechanism turns out to be significant.
Enhanced symbolic execution for patch testing and document recovery
Creators: name: Kuchta, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Software plays an important role in everyday life, from consumer applications to mission-critical systems. This richness of functionality, however, comes at the price of complexity. Even though software systems are developed manually, they are increasingly too complex to be fully understood by any single programmer. As a consequence, software bugs, which are often the result of programming errors, are commonplace. In this thesis we present two techniques based on dynamic symbolic execution which address the problem of software reliability from two angles: testing software patches and recovering an incorrect program input. We present shadow symbolic execution, a technique that generates test inputs exercising the new program behaviours introduced by a software patch. The old and the new version are executed in the same symbolic execution instance, with the old version shadowing the new one. Whenever the versions diverge at a branch point, we generate an input exercising the divergence and comprehensively test the new behaviours of the new version. We evaluate our technique on a set of incorrect patches from GNU Coreutils for which it generates inputs that exercise newly added behaviours and expose some of the regression bugs. We also present Docovery, a novel document recovery technique that makes it possible to fix broken documents without any knowledge of the file format. Starting from the code path executed when processing a broken document, Docovery explores alternative paths that avoid the error, and makes small changes to the document in order to force the application to follow one of these alternative paths. We evaluate Docovery on files processed by several popular applications: the e-mail client pine, the pagination tool pr and the binary file utilities dwarfdump and readelf. The thesis also includes a motivational large-scale study on the correctness of PDF documents and document readers.
A comparative study of neural activity of the vermis and the lateral areas of the mouse cerebellum during a locomotion task
Creators: name: Mitolo, Susanna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Evidence gathered across various animal models suggests that in the cerebellum, sensory and motor coding integrate. I therefore aimed to characterise the activity of cerebellar vermis neurons in mice performing a task involving both motor and sensory learning. I used multi-electrode-arrays to record from populations of cerebellar neurons in head-fixed mice running in a virtual reality (VR) environment. I show that cerebellar vermis neurons modulate their activity according to the speed of locomotion, having either a positive or negative relationship with increasing speed or responding maximally to a given speed. Moreover, some neurons tune their firing rate to the stepping frequency; this relationship becomes more distinct with increasing speed. I then demonstrate that a subset of neurons can detect the initiation and the termination of locomotion. I also show that a minority of neurons display preferred responses to either clockwise or counter-clockwise yaw direction, suggesting that some neurons receive lateralised proprioceptive information. Finally, I compare the cerebellar vermis neural responses with the activity of neurons recorded from the lateral cerebellum of mice performing the same behavioural task. I show that neurons from both cerebellar areas are able to encode locomotion-related kinematic parameters, but the differences in the way they do so is indicative of their efferent and afferent connections with the rest of the nervous system. This work is the first to characterize a population of lateral cerebellum neurons in a VR environment, providing new data for sensorimotor integration and navigation models. In the future, population recordings, further characterization of the functional connectivity of the lateral cerebellum, and targeted behavioural tasks can improve understanding of how the different areas of the cerebellum work together to achieve sensorimotor control and learning.
Phasianus gallus subsp. cristatus Linnaeus, 1758, subspec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Galliformes
Phasianidae
Phasianus
Phasianus gallus
Phasianus gallus subsp. cristatus

description: Phasianus gallus subsp. cristatus [subspec. nov.]
Gallina crista in vertice plumosa densissima. Raj. av. 51.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 158, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Understanding the wetting of transition metal dichalcogenides from an ab initio perspective
Creators: name: Li, Siheng
name: Liu, Keyang
name: Klimeš, Jiří
name: Chen, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a class of two-dimensional (2D) materials been widely studied for emerging electronic properties. In this work, we use computational simulations to examine the water adsorption on TMDs systematically and the wetting property of WSe2 specifically. We start with density functional theory (DFT) based random phase approximation (RPA), assessing the performance of exchange-correlation functionals and comparing water adsorption on various TMDs. We also perform \textit{ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations on tungsten diselenide (WSe$_2$), from which we find that the distribution of interfacial water is sensitive to the exchange-correlation functional selected and a reasonable choice leads to a diffusive contact layer where water molecules prefer the "flat" configuration. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of water droplets on surfaces using appropriately parameterized water-surface interaction further confirm the dependence of water contact angle on the interaction and the interfacial water structure reproduced by different DFT functionals. Our study highlights the sensitivity of wetting to the water-substrate interaction and provides a starting point for a more accurate theoretical investigation of water-TMD interfaces.
X-Ray Evidence for Multiphase Hot Gas with Solar Abundances in the Brightest Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Buote, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine whether isothermal models of the hot gas can successfully describe the ASCA and ROSAT spectra of NGC 1399, NGC 4472, NGC 4636, and NGC 5044. Broad-band spectral fitting of the ASCA SIS and GIS data accumulated within a radius of ~5 arcmin for each galaxy shows that isothermal models are unable to fit the SIS data near 1 keV. In addition, these isothermal models typically fail to produce the large equivalent widths of the K-alpha line blends of the H-like and He-like ions of Si and S which are measured independently of the Fe L emission lines. Two-temperature models provide excellent broad-band fits to both the SIS and GIS data of each galaxy with the relative abundances (except for NGC 4636) fixed at their solar values. A simple multiphase cooling flow model fits nearly as well as the two-temperature model for NGC 1399, NGC 4472, and NGC 5044. The multiphase models also predict more accurately the Si and S equivalent widths and the ratios of Si XIV/XIII and S XVI/XV than the isothermal models. Using various approaches we find that the temperature gradients inferred from the ROSAT PSPC data of these galaxies, especially for NGC 1399 and NGC 5044, are inconsistent with the isothermal models derived from fitting the ASCA data within a single-aperture but are very consistent with the multiphase models. Therefore, models which assume isothermal gas within r ~5 arcmin are inconsistent with both the ASCA and ROSAT PSPC data of these elliptical galaxies. Simple two-temperature models and multiphase cooling flows provide good descriptions of these data sets with Fe abundances of ~1-2 solar and (except for NGC 4636) relative abundances fixed at their solar values. We discuss the implications of these nearly solar abundances. (Abridged)
description: To Appear in MNRAS. Most notable changes from original version appear in sections 3.2 and 5.3
The Universe at extreme magnification
Creators: name: Diego, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme magnifications of distant objects by factors of several thousand have recently become a reality. Small very luminous compact objects, such as supernovae (SNe), giant stars at z=1-2, Pop III stars at z>7 and even gravitational waves from merging binary black holes near caustics of gravitational lenses can be magnified to many thousands or even tens of thousands thanks to their small size. We explore the probability of such extreme magnifications in a cosmological context including also the effect of microlenses near critical curves. We show how a natural limit to the maximum magnification appears due to the presence of microlenses near critical curves. We use a combination of state of the art halo mass functions, high-resolution analytical models for the density profiles and inverse ray tracing to estimate the probability of magnification near caustics. We estimate the rate of highly-magnified events in the case of SNe, GW and very luminous stars including Pop III stars. Our findings reveal that future observations will increase the number of events at extreme magnifications opening the door not only to study individual sources at cosmic distances but also to constrain compact dark matter candidates.
description: 22 pages and 11 figures. Matches accepted versiion in A&A
Polyelectrolyte nanocapsules: continuous fabrication of multipurpose containment materials
Creators: name: Elizarova, Iuliia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The layer-by-layer approach is a highly versatile technique for fabrication of multi-layered structures of various shapes by consecutive deposition of oppositely charged materials (polyelectrolytes) onto selected substrates. This technique allows for control over size, shape, composition and thickness of the fabricated films. One of the main applications of this technique is the preparation of loadable multi-layered capsules that can be used in a variety of fields including drug delivery, self-healing materials, wastewater treatment, and others. The widely used classic layer-by-layer procedure for preparation of such capsules involves mixing of substrate particles with a saturated polyelectrolyte solution, waiting for the polyelectrolyte to adsorb onto the particles, and removing excess polyelectrolyte from the system by washing. This procedure has to be repeatedly performed for each successive layer. This leads to long production times, high labour intensity and significant losses of both construction and produced materials. This thesis addresses the aforementioned issues and describes the design and execution of the advanced flow-based capsule fabrication technique termed "continuous layer-by-layer approach" capable of producing hundreds of milligrams of multi-layered capsules per hour. Polyelectrolyte multi-layering occurs in tubing where templates are mixed with polyelectrolyte solution of choice resulting in the formation of polyelectrolyte layer around them. Newly coated templates are then passed into the next tubing segment to be mixed with a second polyelectrolyte solution of the opposite charge. This procedure can be repeated continuously until the desired number of layers is achieved. The main principle behind this method, which allows for elimination of intermediate washing steps, is using just enough polyelectrolyte to ensure the fabrication of a stable layer around templates while keeping the amount of unadsorbed polyelectrolyte present in the solution to a minimum. The developed method has been successfully used for fabrication of several types of hollow nano-capsules and functional multi-layered emulsions.
Spatially covariant gravity with velocity of the lapse function: the Hamiltonian analysis
Creators: name: Gao, Xian
name: Yao, Zhi-Bang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a large class of gravity theories that respect spatial covariance, and involve kinetic terms for both the spatial metric and the lapse function. Generally such kind of theories propagate four degrees of freedom, one of which is an unwanted scalar mode. Through a detailed Hamiltonian analysis, we find that the condition requiring the kinetic terms to be degenerate is not sufficient to evade the unwanted scalar mode in general. This is because the primary constraint due to the degeneracy condition does not necessarily induce a secondary constraint, if the mixing terms between temporal and spatial derivatives are present. In this case, the second condition that we dub as the consistency condition must be imposed in order to ensure the existence of the secondary constraint and thus to remove the unwanted mode. We also show how our formalism works through an explicit example, in which the degeneracy condition is not sufficient and thus the consistency condition must be imposed.
description: 37 pages; v4, matching the JCAP version
title: Основы промышленной робототехники
title: Учебное пособие для СПО
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Кравцов А.Г.
name:  Марусич К.В.
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2019

description: В учебном пособии представлены основные сведения о промышленных роботах, рассмотрена их структура. Описаны конструктивные особенности и основные компоновки промышленных роботов. Приведены общие сведения о конструкциях и принципах конструирования отдельных элементов промышленных роботов, а также о захватывающих устройствах. Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по профессии 15.01.30 «Слесарь» и изучающих дисциплину «Основы промышленной робототехники». Может быть полезно учащимся специальностей 15.02.07 «Автоматизация технологических процессов и производств», 15.02.08 «Технология машиностроения» и 15.02.11 «Техническая эксплуатация и обслуживание роботизированного производства» при изучении дисциплин «Технология узловой сборки и пусконаладки промышленных роботов» и «Инженерное творчество в робототехнике».
Value of flexibility options in transition to lower carbon natural gas and power systems
Creators: name: Ameli, Hossein
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The growing interdependencies between natural gas and power systems, driven by gas-fired generators and gas compressors supplied by electricity, necessitates detailed investigation of the interactions between these vectors, particularly in the context of growing penetration of renewable energy sources. In this research, the role of an integrated approach against a decoupled approach for operating natural gas and power systems is assessed. Then, a decomposition method based on outer approximation with equality relaxation approach is proposed to solve the mixed integer non-linear problem of integrated operation of natural gas and power systems, which significantly increased the efficacy of the optimisation achieving nearly 40% reduction in computation time. The value of flexibility options such as battery storage, demand side response, gas-fired generators, power-to-gas, and flexible gas compressors in the operation of integrated gas and electricity systems in GB 2030 energy scenarios is quantified for different levels of penetration of renewable generation. The modelling demonstrates that the flexibility options will enable cost savings in the annual operational costs of natural gas and power systems (up to 2.3%) and reductions in corresponding emissions. On the other hand, the analysis carried out indicates that deployment of flexibility technologies will reduce the interaction value between power and natural gas systems. Finally, an integrated expansion planning strategy for natural gas and power systems with consideration of investments on flexibility options is proposed. The results indicate that the flexibility options could play an important role in meeting the emission targets in the future. However, the investment costs of these options highly impact the future generation mix as well as type of reinforcements in the natural gas system infrastructure. In low investment costs of the flexibility options, up to £24.2b annual cost savings in planning and operation of natural gas and power systems could be achieved, compared to the case that no flexibility option is considered.
Separating cyclic subgroups in graph products of groups
Creators: name: Berlai, Federico
name: Ferov, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the property of being cyclic subgroup separable, that is having all cyclic subgroups closed in the profinite topology, is preserved under forming graph products. Furthermore, we develop the tools to study the analogous question in the pro-$p$ case. For a wide class of groups we show that the relevant cyclic subgroups - which are called $p$-isolated - are closed in the pro-$p$ topology of the graph product. In particular, we show that every $p$-isolated cyclic subgroup of a right-angled Artin group is closed in the pro-$p$ topology, and we fully characterise such subgroups.
description: 37 pages, revised following referee's comments, to appear in Journal of Algebra
Simultaneous Multicolor Detection of Faint Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field
Creators: name: Szalay, A. S.
name: Connolly, A. J.
name: Szokoly, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel way to detect objects when multiband images are available. Typically, object detection is performed in one of the available bands or on a somewhat arbitrarily co-added image. Our technique provides an almost optimal way to use all the color information available. We build up a composite image of the N passbands where each pixel value corresponds to the probability that the given pixel is just sky. By knowing the probability distribution of sky pixels (a chi-square distribution with N degrees of freedom), the data can be used to derive the distribution of pixels dominated by object flux. From the two distributions an optimal segmentation threshold can be determined. Clipping the probability image at this threshold yields a mask, where pixels unlikely to be sky are tagged. After using a standard connected-pixel criterion, the regions of this mask define the detected objects. Applying this technique to the Hubble Deep Field data, we find that we can extend the detection limit of the data below that possible using linearly co-added images. We also discuss possible ways of enhancing object detection probabilities for certain well defined classes of objects by using various optimized linear combinations of the pixel fluxes (optimal subspace filtering).
description: 8 pages, 5 figures (4 postscript, 1 JPEG). To be published in AJ
Nanoparticle Mediated Delivery and Small Molecule Triggered Activation of Proteins in the Nucleus
Creators: name: Hsin-Yi Chiu
name: Bates, Jack A.
name: Helma, Jonas
name: Engelke, Hanna
name: Harz, Hartmann
name: Bein, Thomas
name: Leonhardt, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Protein transfection is a versatile tool to study or manipulate cellular processes and also shows great therapeutic potential. However, the repertoire of cost effective techniques for efficient and minimally cytotoxic delivery remains limited. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are multifunctional nanocarriers for cellular delivery of a wide range of molecules, they are simple and economical to synthesize and have shown great promise for protein delivery. In this work we present a general strategy to optimize the delivery of active protein to the nucleus. We generated a bimolecular Venus based optical sensor that exclusively detects active and bioavailable protein for the performance of multi-parameter optimisation of protein delivery. In conjunction with cell viability tests we maximized MSN protein delivery and biocompatibility and achieved highly efficient protein transfection rates of 80%. Using the sensor to measure live-cell protein delivery kinetics, we observed heterogeneous timings within cell populations which could have a confounding effect on function studies. To address this problem we fused a split or dimerisation dependent protein of interest to chemically induced dimerisation (CID) components, permitting control over its activity following cellular delivery. Using the split Venus protein we directly show that addition of a small molecule dimerizer causes synchronous activation of the delivered protein across the entire cell population. This combination of cellular delivery and triggered activation provides a defined starting point for functional studies and could be applied to other protein transfection methods.
Impacts of climate change, weather extremes and alternative strategies in managed forests
Creators: name: Narayanan Subramanian
name: Nilsson, Urban
name: Mossberg, Magnus
name: Bergh, Johan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The growth rate of most tree species in boreal forests will increase with changing climate. This increase is counterbalanced by an increased risk of damage due to extreme weather events. It is believed that the risk of storm damage will increase over time, especially if forests continue to be managed as they are today. In this study, a new landscape-level hybrid forest growth model 3PG-Heureka was developed and simulations were performed to predict the damage caused by storm events in Kronoberg county, over a period of 91 years (2010–2100) with different alternative management regimes under various climatic scenarios (historic, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results indicate that damage caused by storm events could drastically reduce the annual volume increment and annual net revenue obtained from forest landscapes if current forest management regimes are used. These problems can be reduced by adopting alternative management strategies involving avoiding thinning, shorter rotation periods and planting alternative tree species. Alternative management strategies could potentially improve annual volume increments and net revenue obtained while reducing storm-felling. Planting Scots pine instead of Norway spruce across the landscape to minimize storm damage is predicted to be less effective than reducing rotation periods.
Multiple CO Outflows in Circinus: The Churning of a Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Bally, John
name: Reipurth, Bo
name: Lada, Charles J.
name: Billawala, Youssef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a millimeter wave study of a cluster of bipolar CO outflows embedded in the western end of the Circinus molecular cloud complex, G317-4, that is traced by very high optical extinction. For an assumed distance of 700 pc, the entire Circinus cloud is estimated to have a mass of about 5E4 solar masses. The opaque western portion that was mapped in this study has a mass of about 10E3 solar masses, contains a number of embedded infrared sources and various compact 1.3 mm continuum sources, and has a remarkable filamentary structure with numerous cavities which appears to be the fossil remnants of past star formation activity. The profusion of outflows in this region are disentangled and linked to driving IRAS sources. Thus, the mapped portion of Circinus contains at least 10 CO emitting molecular outflows. Assuming that star formation has continued at a steady rate for the last several hundred thousand years, the Circinus cloud is expected to have produced dozens of young stars. Their outflows have severely altered the structure and kinematics of this cloud as evidenced by the multitude of prominent cavities and dust filaments that outline their boundaries. This level of star formation activity is consistent with the numerous post-outflow phase H-alpha emission line stars that have been found in this region. The Circinus cloud complex is an archetypical case where star formation activity may have profoundly affected the structure of a molecular cloud, producing its strikingly filamentary and cavitated appearance and providing further evidence that star formation may be a self regulated process.
description: 30 pages of text including tables, 17 figures, to appear in the Astronomical Journal
Phasianus gallus subsp. ecaudatus Linnaeus, 1758, subspec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Galliformes
Phasianidae
Phasianus
Phasianus gallus
Phasianus gallus subsp. ecaudatus

description: Phasianus gallus subsp. ecaudatus [subspec. nov.]
Gallina cauda s. uropygio carens. Raj. av. 51.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 158, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The dysregulation of lipid metabolism caused by hepatitis C virus
Creators: name: Burch, Charles
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The life cycle of HCV involves a dysregulation in host lipid metabolism that may precede metabolic complications such as insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and hepatic steatosis which are often associated with chronic infection. Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP), a host factor that is induced by oxidative stress, and associated with disturbances in host lipid and glucose metabolism, has been reported to be overexpressed during HCV infection where its siRNA-mediated knockdown resulted in a significant impairment of virus replication. This study investigated the mechanisms by which HCV may bring about the overexpression of TXNIP by examining the unfolded protein response (UPR) and mitochondrial dysfunction in HCV gt2a infection models. These pathways were tested in HCV SGR- and JFH-1 infected Huh7 cells by targeting inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE-1α) activity and mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) oscillation, and the effects on TXNIP expression, lipid metabolism, and virus replication were measured. The data from this work indicate that the UPR is more relevant to HCV SGR replication, whilst ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction appears to restore glucose metabolism, downregulate lipogenic gene transcription, inhibit lipid droplet (LD) biogenesis, and reduce JFH-1 RNA replication.
Mapping Twisted Light into and out of a Photonic Chip
Creators: name: Chen, Yuan
name: Gao, Jun
name: Jiao, Zhi-Qiang
name: Sun, Ke
name: Shen, Wei-Guan
name: Qiao, Lu-Feng
name: Tang, Hao
name: Lin, Xiao-Feng
name: Jin, Xian-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted light carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) provides an additional degree of freedom for modern optics and an emerging resource for both classical and quantum information technologies. Its inherently infinite dimensions can potentially be exploited by using mode multiplexing to enhance data capacity for sustaining the unprecedented growth in big data and internet traffic, and can be encoded to build large-scale quantum computing machines in high-dimensional Hilbert space. While the emission of twisted light from the surface of integrated devices to free space has been widely investigated, the transmission and processing inside a photonic chip remain to be addressed. Here, we present the first laser-direct-written waveguide being capable of supporting OAM modes and experimentally demonstrate a faithful mapping of twisted light into and out of a photonic chip. The states OAM$_{0}$, OAM$_{-1}$, OAM$_{+1}$ and their superpositions can transmit through the photonic chip with a total efficiency up to 60% with minimal crosstalk. In addition, we present the transmission of quantum twisted light states of single photons and measure the output states with single-photon imaging. Our results may add OAM as a new degree of freedom to be transmitted and manipulated in a photonic chip for high-capacity communication and high-dimensional quantum information processing.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
The peculiar motions of early-type galaxies in two distant regions - V. The Mg-sigma relation, age and metallicity
Creators: name: Colless, Matthew
name: Burstein, David
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: McMahan, Robert K.
name: Saglia, R. P.
name: Wegner, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the Mg-sigma relation for early-type galaxies in the EFAR sample and its dependence on cluster properties. A maximum likelihood fit gives global Mg-sigma relations of Mgb'=0.131log(sigma)-0.131 and Mg2=0.257log(sigma)-0.305, with intrinsic scatter of 0.016 mag in Mgb' and 0.023 mag in Mg2. The zeropoint for cD galaxies is higher than for E/S0 galaxies, implying cDs are older and/or more metal-rich than E/S0s with the same sigma. Mg-sigma zeropoint variations between clusters are consistent with the number of galaxies observed per cluster and the global intrinsic scatter in Mg-sigma. We find no significant correlation between the Mg-sigma zeropoint and the cluster velocity dispersion, X-ray luminosity or X-ray temperature over a wide range in cluster mass. We compare the intrinsic scatter in the Mg-sigma and Fundamental Plane (FP) relations with stellar population models to constrain the dispersion in ages, metallicities and M/L ratios for early-type galaxies at fixed sigma. Variations in age alone or metallicity alone cannot explain the measured intrinsic scatter in both Mg-sigma and the FP. We derive the joint constraints on the dispersion in age and metallicity implied by the scatter in the Mg-sigma and FP relations for a simple Gaussian model. We find upper limits on the dispersions at fixed sigma of 32% in dt/t and 38% in dZ/Z if variations in age and metallicity are uncorrelated; only strongly anti-correlated variations lead to significantly higher upper limits. The joint distribution of residuals from the Mg-sigma and FP relations is only marginally consistent with a model having no correlation between age and metallicity, and is better-matched by a model in which age and metallicity variations are moderately anti-correlated, with younger galaxies being more metal-rich. (Abridged)
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Functionalised gold nanoparticles for theranostics
Creators: name: Chabloz, Nicolas Gregory
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: New contrast agents based on the DO3A and DOTAGA moieties can be synthesised and attached to the surface of small spherical gold nanoparticles, with a core diameter of around 2-4 nm. This is achieved through the use of a dithiocarbamate tether to robustly anchor these complexes to the surface. In addition to the stronger attachment to the nanoparticles, the dithiocarbamate severely reduces the rotation of the paramagnetic species. This restriction of rotation is further optimised through the use of a piperazine linker that enforces a ‘double locking’ mechanism, through the amide and the dithiocarbamate. The DO3A derivative is first described in Chapter 2, in which its synthesis, stability towards transmetallation and relaxivity are investigated. It is revealed that the compound can be synthesised in a relatively large scale (>1g) and has an extremely good stability, as almost no transmetallation occurs after 45h even in the presence of 10 equivalents of zinc. The compound forms complexes with three separate metals to generate mono-, bi- and tri-gadolinium species which produce up to a 6.5-fold increase in the overall relaxivity for the tri-gadolinium complex. Both new contrast agents are anchored to the surface of gold nanoparticles through a straightforward ‘one-pot’ synthetic route, generating stable and monodisperse particles. A dramatic boost in relaxivity is achieved through this attachment, from 4.5 mM-1 s-1 to 34.3 mM-1 s-1 for the first generation surface units and 5.0 mM-1 s-1 to 31.7 mM-1 s-1, at 10 MHz and 37 ºC. The incorporation of additional surface units, to achieve a stealth character (PEG), higher cellular uptake (thioglucose) and targeting (folic acid), is achieved in a straightforward and flexible way utilising the same ‘one-pot’ synthetic route. These additional surface units display little negative impact on the relaxivity or stability of these non-cytotoxic particles. Increased cellular uptake occurs when these surface units are combined and the cellular internalisation behaviour is confirmed through the use of a BODIPY derivative. The use of a lipoic acid derivative of a zinc porphyrin allows the addition of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the assembly. In the absence of light, no cytotoxicity is noted with these nanoparticles but close to 80% cell death is achieved after only 30 min irradiation with a laser. The relaxivity of these particles at high magnetic field (127.8 MHz) is 1.5-fold higher than that of commercially utilised Dotarem®, making these non-cytotoxic, theranostic agents suitable for in vivo investigations.
title: Programme de la conférence de Elisabetta Rosa
Creators: name: TELEMME (UMR 7303)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: Programme de la conférence de Elisabetta Rosa, post-doctorante LabexMed 2014 accueillie à TELEMME, le 20 novembre 2015
description: Relation: http://labexmed.hypotheses.org/1663
title: Промышленные роботы
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Кравцов А.Г.
name:  Марусич К.В.
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2019

description: В учебном пособии представлены основные сведения о промышленных роботах. Рассмотрены проблемы и задачи роботизации производства. Описаны конструктивные особенности и основные компоновки промышленных роботов. Приведены общие сведения о конструкциях и принципах конструирования отдельных элементов промышленных роботов. Подготовлено в соответствии с требованиями, предъявляемыми Федеральными государственными образовательными стандартами высшего образования к изучению дисциплин «Транспортно-накопительные системы и промышленные роботы», «Проектирование машиностроительных производств», «Проектирование гибких производственных систем» и «Гибкие производственные системы». Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки 15.03.05, 15.04.05 «Конструкторско-технологическое обеспечение машиностроительных производств», 15.03.06 «Мехатроника и робототехника» и 15.03.04 «Автоматизация технологических процессов и производств». Может быть рекомендовано для обучающихся технологических и конструкторских специальностей машиностроительных вузов.
Dark Matter and Gas Concentrations in the NGC 4532 / DDO 137 System
Creators: name: Hoffman, G. L.
name: Lu, N. Y.
name: Salpeter, E. E.
name: Connell, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral hydrogen synthesis mapping of NGC 4532 and DDO 137, a pair of Sm galaxies on the edge of the Virgo cluster, is used to determine rotation curves for each of the galaxies and to resolve the structure and kinematics of three distinct HI concentrations embedded in an extended envelope of diffuse HI discovered in earlier Arecibo studies of the system. The HI masses of the three concentrations do not appear to be sufficient for them to be self-gravitating; however, their HImasses and dynamical masses are very similar to those of faint Im galaxies in the Virgo cluster. The peak HI column density of each of the clouds is close to the star formation threshold, but CCD images in B and R reveal no trace of stars nor star formation. If the system is gravitationally bound and in Virial equilibrium, we find its total mass to be ten times that within the outermost HI contours of the individual galaxies and clouds. Thirty-seven percent of the total HI lies outside the boundaries of the individual galaxies as determined by the VLA mapping; 28% cannot be ascribed to either galaxy nor to the discrete concentrations. One possible way to account for the velocity field and the large quantity of diffuse gas is to assume that DDO 137, the gas concentrations and other apparent tidal features are due to gas infall into clumps within the dark matter potential of the group, and that prior to the interaction the group consisted of an irregular galaxy (NGC 4532) and a large, star-poor HI cloud like HI 1225+01 (Giovanelli et al. 1991).
description: 20 pages, 5 tables, 14 Figures, Fig. 11 available at http://www.lafayette.edu/faculty/hoffmang, to appear in AJ February 1999
Nancay blind 21cm line survey of the Canes Venatici group region
Creators: name: Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.
name: van Driel, W.
name: Briggs, F.
name: Binggeli, B.
name: Mostefaoui, T. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A radio spectroscopic driftscan survey in the 21cm line with the Nancay Radio Telescope of 0.08 steradians of sky in the direction of the constellation Canes Venatici covering a heliocentric velocity range of -350 < V_hel < 2350 km/s produced 53 spectral features, which was further reduced to a sample of 33 reliably detected galaxies by extensive follow-up observations. With a typical noise level of rms = 10 mJy after Hanning smoothing, the survey is -- depending on where the detections are located with regard to the center of the beam -- sensitive to M(HI)=1-2x10^8 Msun at 23 Mpc and to M(HI)=4-8x10^7 Msun throughout the CVn Groups (Ho=100). The survey region had been previously examined on deep optical plates by Binggeli et al. 1990 and contains loose groups with many gas-rich galaxies as well as voids. No galaxies that had not been previously identified in these deep optical surveys were uncovered in our HI survey, neither in the groups nor the voids. The implication is that no substantial quantity of neutral hydrogen contained in gas-rich galaxies has been missed in these well-studied groups. All late-type members of our sample are listed in the Fisher and Tully (1981b) optically selected sample of nearby late-type galaxies; the only system not contained in Fisher and Tullys' Catalog is the S0 galaxy NGC 4203. Within the well--sampled CVn group volume with distances corrected for flow motions, the HI mass function is best fitted with the Zwaan et al. (1997) HI mass function (alpha=-1.2) scaled by a factor of f=4.5 in account of the locally overdense region.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 18 pages, 6 tables and 7 encapsulated ps-figures (Fig.1 in reduced format only)
Revealing the dynamics of immune cells in humans: mechanistic modelling of deuterium labelling data
Creators: name: Lahoz Beneytez, Julio Jose
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Reliable estimates of lymphocyte turnover are important for understanding the immune response in health and disease. Deuterium labelling techniques have paved the way for the estimation of these parameters in vivo in humans. However, its interpretation has proven to be notoriously complicated. It seems that a complete understanding of this technique and its interpretation has been lacking so far. To address this issue I formulated the following question: Can the understanding of deuterium labelling data be enhanced by a physiological interpretation of the system of study? This thesis aims to tackle the former question by the use of mathematical modelling, a detailed interpretation of the biological system of interest, and the use of interdisciplinary approaches borrowed from pharmacometrics research. On doing this, the work presented here confirms the recently disputed short blood half-life of a neutrophil, estimates the average half-life of T cell immunological memory to be around two years in the absence of re-stimulation, confirms the proliferative capability of late-stage differentiated memory T cells, and rejects the hypothesis that pointed at issues in estimating the deuterium availability as the underlying reason for the reported discrepancies in T cell turnover estimates. Overall, this thesis provides a better understanding of the interpretation of deuterium labelling experiments and sets the framework for the implementation of more mechanistic models that may be parametrized by the combination of deuterium labelling data, other turnover markers, and data already available in the literature.
Lettre de Francesco Veronese et Comp. à Jean-François Séguier, 1742-03-01
Creators: name: Veronese et Comp., Francesco
name: Comp., Francesco Veronese Et
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: [transcription] Primo marzo 1742. Verona

Sono L duecento quindeci soldi 12 che riceviamo noi sottoscritti dall'Ill.mo Sr. Gio. Francesco Seguier, e queste per conto del Sr. Alvise Fiorio di Riva, e per ordine del detto Filippo Argelati di Milano diecimo

L 215.12

Francesco Veronese e comp.
description: [personnes citées] Alvise Fiorio, Filippo Argelati
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 311_2, fol. 8v
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b10015656q
Cooperative manipulation of highly articulated and continuum surgical robots in confined spaces
Creators: name: Leibrandt, Konrad Marek Gunter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Robotic assisted surgery has been adopted for many minimally invasive procedures. In particular master-slave systems have proven to make surgical procedures more ergonomic and reduce cognitive burden for the surgeon. Manipulation with currently used tools is dependent on pivoting motion at the insertion point which makes them difficult to reach deep seated pathologies through confined spaces. For these procedures alternative instrument designs with increased articulation at the distal end of the tool enable dexterous motion even if the access of the tools needs to be performed through natural orifices in parallel or is constrained to specific access pathways. This thesis investigates intuitive manipulation of novel robotic instruments such as highly articulated tendon-driven tools and concentric tube robots. The developed algorithms ensure that the operator is in full control of the complex surgical systems with a high number of Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF). These algorithms simplify complex system control and enable intuitive manipulation. Constraints of the surgical robot such as motion limits, unstable configurations and collision with the anatomy are safely handled or transparently fed back to the operator. Workspace analysis, path-planning and collision avoidance techniques are combined into a collaborative control and guidance scheme, also known as Active Constraints and Virtual Fixtures, which informs the user about the robots capabilities, and anatomical constraints. It provides haptic and visual cues and can suggest in complex situations alternative access paths. The concept of Implicit Constraints was proposed to algorithmically define guidance based on limited user input, which makes it suitable to be integrated in the normal surgical work-flows. A control architecture was also developed for highly articulated tendon-driven instruments of different DoFs. The instrument control included compensation for non-linear transmission behaviour and was verified through both ex-vivo tissue and in-vivo animal trials. The collaborative manipulation algorithms for concentric tube robots were implemented in a real-time simulation environment and were validated in detailed, realistic user experiments.
Radio Identification of Sub-mm Sources in the Hubble Deep Field
Creators: name: Richards, Eric. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determination of the epoch dependent star-formation rate of field galaxies is one of the principal goals of modern observational cosmology. Recently, Hughes et al. (1998) using the SCUBA instrument on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, report the detection of a new population of heavily dust enshrouded, star-forming galaxies at high redshifts (z > 2), dramatically altering the picture of galaxy evolution. However, we show that this interpretation must be treated with caution because of ambiguities in the identification of the host galaxies. Based on our deep, high resolution 1.4 GHz obervations of the Hubble Deep Field, we suggest alternate identifications to the sub-mm detections. These identifications argue for a substantially lower redshift to the sub-mm population with a consequential lowering of the z > 2 sub-mm/far infrared luminosity density and global star-formation rate.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJ, new radio images available at http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~jkempner/vla-hdf/