Settlement Dynamics on a Transitional Landscape: Investigations of Cultural Resources for the State Route 77 - Snowflake Passing Lanes Project, Navajo County, Arizona
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: Desert Archaeology, Inc.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Navajo (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3901/navajo-county
subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: State Route 77
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/78869/state-route-77
subject: Interstitial Zone F
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84325/interstitial-zone-f
subject: Ancestral Puebloan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/19/ancestral-puebloan
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Huhugam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8166/huhugam
subject: Hopi
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/7591/hopi
subject: Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8/archaic
subject: Zuni
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/40/zuni
subject: Middle Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/10/middle-archaic
subject: AZ P:8:63 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104944/az-p863-asm
subject: AZ P:8:66 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104946/az-p866-asm
subject: AZ P:8:65 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104945/az-p865-asm
subject: AZ P:8:61 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104948/az-p861-asm
subject: AZ P:8:93 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104947/az-p893-asm
subject: AZ BB:2:78 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104950/az-bb278-asm
subject: AZ P:8:62 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104949/az-p862-asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Burial Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/307/burial-pit
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Hearth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/343/hearth
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Burned Rock Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/348/burned-rock-midden
subject: Trash Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/351/trash-midden
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Storage Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/358/storage-pit
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Post Hole / Post Mold
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/359/post-hole-post-mold
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Dating Sample
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3/dating-sample
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Building Materials
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/8/building-materials
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Mineral
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/12/mineral
subject: Ethnographic Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/14/ethnographic-research
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Records Search / Inventory Checking
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/8/records-search-inventory-checking
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: Settlement Dynamics on a Transitional Landscape: Investigations of Cultural Resources for the State Route 77 - Snowflake Passing Lanes Project, Navajo County, Arizona describes the results of investigations of seven prehistoric and historic sites along State Route 77 north of Snowflake, in Navajo County, Arizona. Between August 2009 and June 2012, fieldwork was conducted in three phases in advance of the construction of passing lanes and culvert extensions. Seven sites, with artifacts or features dating between the Middle Archaic and A.D. 1978 were investigated. These include: AZ P:8:61 (ASM); AZ P:8:62 (ASM); Five Mile Draw, AZ P:8:63 (ASM); Beethoven, AZ P:8:65 (ASM); Spider Hill, AZ P:8:66 (ASM); Go Go, AZ P:8:93 (ASM); and State Route 77, AZ BB:2:78 (ASM). The goal of the research was to more fully understand the human history of the southern margins of the Colorado Plateau along the Silver Creek corridor. Archaeological, ethnographic, and historical methods were used to explore this dynamic cultural landscape. Further, the new investigations provided an opportunity to incorporate previously underpublished archaeological work from the 1973 and 1974 Snowflake Field School, an effort that added temporal depth to project data, and when consistent patterns were identified, strengthened interpretations. A major contribution of the State Route 77 - Snowflake Passing Lanes project is a study of how farming peoples began to create enduring settlements as population began to grow in the region (and the Southwest more generally) in the seventh century A.D. Project sites also show that settlement trajectory reached its maximum spatial extent in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. While occupation by Hopi and Zuni ancestors continued thereafter, it was outside the project area. Sites and features also provided information about the development of the modern rural economies. State Route 77 is just the most recent of the many pre-Hispanic and historic corridors through the region. The remains of the corridors themselves and the features that developed alongside provided a glimpse into the Mormon, Basque, and Apache history in this area from the years after the Civil War until A.D. 1946.