cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Profitti, rischi e capital ratios: come sviluppare una vigilanza prudenziale neutrale al risk-appetite delle banche (Profits, risk, and capital ratios: how to design a prudential supervision neutral with respect to banks’ risk appetite)
Creators: name: Esposito, Lorenzo
name: Mastromatteo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: prudential regulation, profitability, crisis
subject: G28

description: La crisi finanziaria del 2008 ha determinato un ripensamento di molti aspetti della vigilanza prudenziale. È, in particolare emerso che la ponderazione degli attivi non era in grado di coglierne l’effettiva rischiosità, che era calcolata in via indiretta, ad esempio attraverso il rating. Ciò ha favorito il circolo vizioso tra crescita dei volumi creditizi e crescita della loro rischiosità. Si propone un metodo alternativo di ponderazione (“profit weighted assets”) usando il profitto effettivo di un determinato attivo, individuando anche una condizione di neutralità della ponderazione rispetto alla rischiosità, in grado di evitare incentivi regolamentari distorti alle banche. Si discutono le modalità di creazione operativa e possibili sviluppi dello strumento. The 2008 financial crisis led to a rethinking of many aspects of prudential supervision. In particular, it emerged that the weighting of the assets was not able to grasp the effectiveness of their risk, which was measured indirectly, for example through their rating. This has favored the vicious circle between the growth of credit volumes and the growth of their riskiness. We propose an alternative weighting method (“profit-weighted assets”) using the actual profit of a given asset, also identifying a condition of neutrality of risk weighting, able to avoid distorted regulatory incentives to banks. We also discuss how to develop concretely the tool and its possible refinements. JEL codes: G28
description: Moneta e Credito, Vol 73, No 290 (2020): Giugno
Ontology Enrichment by Extracting Hidden Assertional Knowledge from Text
Creators: name: Booshehri, Meisam
name: Malekpour, Abbas
name: Luksch, Peter
name: Zamanifar, Kamran
name: Shariatmadari, Shahdad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68Txx

description: In this position paper we present a new approach for discovering some special classes of assertional knowledge in the text by using large RDF repositories, resulting in the extraction of new non-taxonomic ontological relations. Also we use inductive reasoning beside our approach to make it outperform. Then, we prepare a case study by applying our approach on sample data and illustrate the soundness of our proposed approach. Moreover in our point of view current LOD cloud is not a suitable base for our proposal in all informational domains. Therefore we figure out some directions based on prior works to enrich datasets of Linked Data by using web mining. The result of such enrichment can be reused for further relation extraction and ontology enrichment from unstructured free text documents.
description: 9 pages, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security
Simulation of a hump structure in the optical scattering rate within a generalized Allen formalism and its application to copper oxide systems
Creators: name: Hwang, Jungseek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a possible way to simulate a hump structure in the optical scattering rate. The optical scattering rate of correlated charge carriers can be defined within an extended Drude model formalism. When some electron and hole doped copper oxide systems are in the spin density or charge density wave phases they show hump structures in their optical scattering rates. The hump structures have not yet been simulated and understood clearly. We are able to simulate the hump structure by using a peak followed by a dip feature in the normalized density of states within a generalized Allen formalism. We observe that reversing the order of the dip and peak gives completely different features in the optical scattering rate; a peak-dip (dip peak) results in a hump (a valley) in the scattering rate. We also obtain the real part of the optical conductivity and reflectance spectra from the simulated optical scattering rate and compare them with published experimental spectra. From these comparisons we conclude that the peak-dip order can give the hump structure, which is observed experimentally in copper oxide systems. Finally we fit two published optical spectra with our new model and discuss our results and the possible origin of the dip or peak features in the normalized density of states.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
New bicyclic [3.2.1] octane neolignan derivative from Aniba firmula
Creators: name: Santos, Mario F. C.
name: dos R. Feliciano, Cristiane
name: Neto, Albert K.
name: de Paula, Daniela A. Chagas
name: Soares, Marisi G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: bicyclic [3.2.1] octane neolignans have garnered increasing interest, because of their unique structural features and biological activities. This study describes the isolation and identification of a new bicyclic octane neolignan 1 obtained through fractionation of the crude extract of the stem of Aniba firmula (Lauraceae family). The structure of bicyclic octane neolignan 1 was determined through NMR analysis and mass spectrometry data.
Stress Tensor of Single Rigid Dumbbell by Virtual Work Method
Creators: name: Uneyama, Takashi
name: Oishi, Tatsuma
name: Ishida, Takato
name: Doi, Yuya
name: Masubuchi, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the stress tensor of a rigid dumbbell by using the virtual work method. In the virtual work method, we virtually apply a small deformation to the system, and relate the change of the energy to the work done by the stress tensor. A rigid dumbbell consists of two particles connected by a rigid bond of which length is constant (the rigid constraint). The energy of the rigid dumbbell consists only on the kinetic energy. Also, only the deformations which do not violate the rigid constraint are allowed. Thus we need the dynamic equations which is consistent with the rigid constraint to apply the virtual deformation. We rewrite the dynamic equations for the underdamped SLLOD-type dynamic equations into the forms which are consistent with the rigid constraint. Then we apply the virtual deformation to a rigid dumbbell based on the obtained dynamic equations. We derive the stress tensor for the rigid dumbbell model from the change of the kinetic energy. Finally, we take the overdamped limit and derive the stress tensor and the dynamic equation for the overdamped rigid dumbbell. We show that the Green-Kubo type linear response formula can be reproduced by combining the stress tensor and the dynamic equation at the overdamped limit.
description: 14 pages,to appear in Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi (J. Soc. Rheol. Jpn.)
Fisa descriere si cheie de identificare pentru specia Asclepias syriaca
Creators: name: Pioarca-Ciocanea, C.M.
name: Manolache, A.S.
name: Anastasiu, P.
name: Rozylowicz, L.
name: Manta, N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: specii invazive
invasive species
alien species
invasive alien species
asclepias syriaca
ceara albinei

description: Fisa descriere si cheie de identificare pentru specia Asclepias syriaca
description: Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din România, în conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea și gestionarea introducerii și răspândirii speciilor alogene invazive, POIM 2014+ 120008, 2018-2022. http://invazive.ccmesi.ro/
Phytochemical investigation and biological activity of Doronicum pardalianches L. roots against Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Manayi, Azadeh
name: Rastegari, Arezoo
name: Heydarian, Bita
name: Vahedi-Mazdabadi, Yasaman
name: Khanavi, Mahnaz
name: Akbarzadeh, Tahmineh
name: Saeedi, Mina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The methanol extract of Doronicum pardalianches L. was fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate to evaluate their cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory activity via modified Ellman’s method. It was perceived that only the ethyl acetate fraction was active toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50 value of 172.21 µg/mL. Also, all fractions showed no butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate fraction was also investigated for its neuroprotectivity and metal chelating ability (Zn2+, Fe2+, and Cu2+) which demonstrated desired activity. Phytochemical analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction led to isolation and identification of formononetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside which has not been previously reported for this plant.
A Penrose-type inequality with angular momenta for black holes with 3-sphere horizon topology
Creators: name: Alaee, Aghil
name: Kunduri, Hari K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish a Penrose-type inequality with angular momenta for four dimensional, biaxially symmetric, maximal, asymptotically flat initial data sets $(M,g,k)$ for the Einstein equations with fixed angular momenta and horizon inner boundary associated to a 3-sphere outermost minimal surface. Moreover, equality holds if and only if the initial data set is isometric to a canonical time slice of a stationary Myers-Perry black hole.
description: 23 pages, v2: minor corrections, agrees with published version
Initial validation of a virtual-reality learning environment for prostate biopsies: realism matters!
Creators: name: Fiard, Gaelle
name: Selmi, Sonia-Yuki
name: Promayon, Emmanuel
name: Vadcard, Lucile
name: Descotes, Jean-Luc
name: Troccaz, Jocelyne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: : Introduction-objectives: A virtual-reality learning environment dedicated to prostate biopsies was designed to overcome the limitations of current classical teaching methods. The aim of this study was to validate reliability, face, content and construct of the simulator. Materials and methods: The simulator is composed of a) a laptop computer, b) a haptic device with a stylus that mimics the ultrasound probe, c) a clinical case database including three dimensional (3D) ultrasound volumes and patient data and d) a learning environment with a set of progressive exercises including a randomized 12-core biopsy procedure. Both visual (3D biopsy mapping) and numerical (score) feedback are given to the user. The simulator evaluation was conducted in an academic urology department on 7 experts and 14 novices who each performed a virtual biopsy procedure and completed a face and content validity questionnaire. Results: The overall realism of the biopsy procedure was rated at a median of 9/10 by non-experts (7.1-9.8). Experts rated the usefulness of the simulator for the initial training of urologists at 8.2/10 (7.9-8.3), but reported the range of motion and force feedback as significantly less realistic than novices (p=0.01 and 0.03 respectively). Pearson's r correlation coefficient between correctly placed biopsies on the right and left side of the prostate for each user was 0.79 (p<0.001). The 7 experts had a median score of 64% (59-73), and the 14 novices a median score of 52% (43-67), without reaching statistical significance (p=0,19). Conclusion: The newly designed virtual reality learning environment proved its versatility and its reliability, face and content were validated. Demonstrating the construct validity will require improvements to the realism and scoring system used.
Quark structure of the $X(3872)$ and $χ_b(3P)$ resonances
Creators: name: Ferretti, J.
name: Galatà, G.
name: Santopinto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the nature of the $χ_b(3P)$ and $X(3872)$ mesons: Are the $χ_b(3P)$'s standard $b \bar b$ mesons or $b \bar b$ states with a significative continuum component? Is the $X(3872)$ a $c \bar c$ state with continuum coupling effects or a meson-meson molecule? To do that, we compare quark model and unquenched quark model results for the mass barycenter and splittings of the $χ_b(3P)$ multiplet. Future and more precise experimental results will discriminate between the two interpretations. In the case of the $X(3872)$, we interpret it a $c \bar c$ core plus higher Fock components due to the coupling to the meson-meson continuum, thus we think that it is compatible with the meson $χ_{c1}(2P)$, with $J^{PC} = 1^{++}$. The $J^{PC} = 1^{++}$ quantum numbers are in agreement with the experimental results found by the LHCb collaboration. In our view, the $X(3872)$'s mass is lower than the quark model's predictions because of self energy shifts. We also provide an estimation of the open charm/bottom strong decay modes of the $X(3872)$ and $χ_b(3P)$ mesons, such as $X(3872) \rightarrow D \bar D^*$ and $χ_{b2}(3P) \rightarrow B \bar B$, and radiative transitions.
One Possible Reason for Double-Peaked Maxima in Solar Cycles: Is a Second Maximum of Solar Cycle 24 Coming?
Creators: name: Kilcik, Ali
name: Ozguc, Atila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate solar activity by focusing on double maxima in solar cycles and try to estimate the shape of the current solar cycle (Cycle 24) during its maximum. We analyzed data for Solar Cycle 24 by using Learmonth Solar Observatory sunspot group data since 2008. All sunspot groups (SGs) recorded during this time interval were separated into two groups: The first group includes small SGs [A, B, C, H, classes by the Zurich classification], and the second group consists of large SGs [D, E, and F]. We then calculated small and large sunspot group numbers, their sunspot numbers [SSN] and Zurich numbers [Rz] from their daily mean numbers as observed on the solar disk during a given month. We found that the temporal variations for these three different separations behave similarly. We also analyzed the general shape of solar cycles from Cycle 1 to 23 by using monthly International Sunspot Number [ISSN] data and found that the durations of maxima were about 2.9 years. Finally, we used ascending time and SSN relationship and found that the maximum of the Cycle 24 should be later than 2011. Thus, we conclude that i) one possible reason for a double maximum in solar cycles is the different behavior of large and small sunspot groups, and ii) a double maximum is coming for Solar Cycle 24.
description: Accepted by Solar Physics
Delineating the magnetic field line escape pattern and stickiness in a poloidally diverted tokamak
Creators: name: Martins, Caroline G. L.
name: Roberto, M.
name: Caldas, I. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a Hamiltonian model with five wire loops that delineates the magnetic surfaces of the tokamak ITER, including a similar safety factor profile and the X-point related to the presence of a poloidal divertor. Non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbations are added by external coils, similar to the correction coils installed at the tokamak DIII-D and those that will be installed at ITER. To show the influence of magnetic perturbations on the field line escape, we integrate numerically the field line differential equations and obtain the footprints and deposition patterns on the divertor plate. Moreover, we show that the homoclinic tangle describes the deposition patterns in the divertor plate, agreeing with results observed in sophisticated simulation codes. Additionally, we show that while chaotic lines escape to the divertor plates, some of them are trapped, for many toroidal turns, in complex structures around magnetic islands, embedded in the chaotic region, giving rise to the so called stickiness effect characteristic of chaotic Hamiltonian systems. Finally, we introduce a random collisional term to the field line mapping to investigate stickiness alterations due to particle collisions. Within this model, we conclude that, even reduced by collisions, stickiness still influences the field line transport.
Analytical Relation between Quark Confinement and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in QCD
Creators: name: Suganuma, Hideo
name: Doi, Takahiro M.
name: Iritani, Takumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between quark confinement and spontaneous chiral-symmetry breaking directly in QCD. In lattice QCD formalism, we derive an analytical gauge-invariant relation between the Polyakov loop $\langle L_P \rangle$ and the Dirac eigenvalues $λ_n$, i.e., $\langle L_P \rangle \propto \sum_n λ_n^{N_t -1} \langle n|\hat U_4|n \rangle$, on a temporally odd-number lattice, where the temporal lattice size $N_t$ is odd. Here, $|n \rangle$ denotes the Dirac eigenmode, i.e., $\not D|n \rangle=iλ_n|n \rangle$, and $\hat U_4$ the temporal link-variable operator. We here use an ordinary square lattice with the normal periodic boundary condition for link-variables $U_μ(s)$ in the temporal direction. Because of the factor $λ_n^{N_t -1}$ in the analytical relation, the contribution of low-lying Dirac modes to the Polyakov loop is negligibly small in both confined and deconfined phases, while the low-lying Dirac modes are essential for chiral symmetry breaking. Also, in lattice QCD simulations, we numerically confirm the analytical relation, non-zero finiteness of $\langle n|\hat U_4|n \rangle$ for each Dirac mode, and negligibly small contribution of low-lying Dirac modes to the Polyakov loop. Thus, we conclude that low-lying Dirac modes are not essential for confinement, which indicates no direct one-to-one correspondence between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD.
description: 5 pages, Proc. of Hadron 2013. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1311.3838, arXiv:1401.2414
Can coarse measurements reveal macroscopic quantum effects?
Creators: name: Wang, Tian
name: Ghobadi, Roohollah
name: Raeisi, Sadegh
name: Simon, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been conjectured that detecting quantum effects such as superposition or entanglement for macroscopic systems always requires high measurement precision. Analyzing an apparent counter-example involving macroscopic coherent states and Kerr non-linearities, we find that while measurements with coarse outcomes can be sufficient, the phase control precision of the necessary non-linear operations has to increase with the size of the system. This suggests a refined conjecture that either the {\it outcome precision} or the {\it control precision} of the measurements has to increase with system size.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Detector Requirements for Model-Independent Measurements of Ultrahigh Energy Neutrino Cross Sections
Creators: name: Esteban, Ivan
name: Prohira, Steven
name: Beacom, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultrahigh energy range of neutrino physics (above $\sim 10^{7} \, \mathrm{GeV}$), as yet devoid of detections, is an open landscape with challenges to be met and discoveries to be made. Neutrino-nucleon cross sections in that range - with center-of-momentum energies $\sqrt{s} \gtrsim 4 \, \mathrm{TeV}$ - are powerful probes of unexplored phenomena. We present a simple and accurate model-independent framework to evaluate how well these cross sections can be measured for an unknown flux and generic detectors. We also demonstrate how to characterize and compare detector sensitivity. We show that cross sections can be measured to $\simeq ^{+65}_{-30}$% precision over $\sqrt{s} \simeq$ 4-140 TeV ($E_ν= 10^7$-$10^{10}$ GeV) with modest energy and angular resolution and $\simeq 10$ events per energy decade. Many allowed novel-physics models (extra dimensions, leptoquarks, etc.) produce much larger effects. In the distant future, with $\simeq 100$ events at the highest energies, the precision would be $\simeq 15\%$, probing even QCD saturation effects.
description: 8 pages + Appendices. v2: minor changes, matches published version. v3: error in one of the target cross sections corrected. Results and conclusions unaffected
Universal mechanical response of metallic glasses during strain-rate-dependent uniaxial compression
Creators: name: Jin, Weiwei
name: Datye, Amit
name: Schwarz, Udo D.
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental data on the compressive strength $σ_{\rm max}$ versus strain rate ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$ for metallic glasses undergoing uniaxial compression shows significantly different behavior for different alloys. For some metallic glasses, $σ_{\rm max}$ decreases with increasing ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$, for others, $σ_{\rm max}$ increases with increasing ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$, and for others $σ_{\rm max}$ versus ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$ is nonmonotonic. Using numerical simulations of metallic glasses undergoing uniaxial compression at nonzero strain rate and temperature, we show that they obey a universal relation for the compressive strength versus temperature, which determines their mechanical response. At low ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$, increasing strain rate leads to increases in temperature and decreases in $σ^*_{\rm max}$, whereas at high ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$, increasing strain rate leads to decreases in temperature and increases in $σ^*_{\rm max}$. This non-monotonic behavior of $σ^*_{\rm max}$ versus temperature causes the nonmonotonic behavior of $σ^*_{\rm max}$ versus ${\dot \varepsilon}_{\rm eng}$. Variations in the internal dissipation change the characteristic strain rate at which the nonmonotonic behavior occurs. These results are general for a wide range of metallic glasses with different atomic interactions, damping coefficients, and chemical compositions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Creation and revival of ring dark solitons in a toroidal Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Toikka, L. A.
name: Kärki, O.
name: Suominen, K. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol for the simultaneous controlled creation of multiple concentric ring dark solitons in a toroidally trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. The decay of these solitons into a vortex-antivortex necklace shows revivals of the soliton structure, but eventually becomes an example of quantum turbulence.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Cause Identification from Aviation Safety Incident Reports via Weakly Supervised Semantic Lexicon Construction
Creators: name: Abedin, Muhammad Arshad Ul
name: Ng, Vincent
name: Khan, Latifur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Aviation Safety Reporting System collects voluntarily submitted reports on aviation safety incidents to facilitate research work aiming to reduce such incidents. To effectively reduce these incidents, it is vital to accurately identify why these incidents occurred. More precisely, given a set of possible causes, or shaping factors, this task of cause identification involves identifying all and only those shaping factors that are responsible for the incidents described in a report. We investigate two approaches to cause identification. Both approaches exploit information provided by a semantic lexicon, which is automatically constructed via Thelen and Riloffs Basilisk framework augmented with our linguistic and algorithmic modifications. The first approach labels a report using a simple heuristic, which looks for the words and phrases acquired during the semantic lexicon learning process in the report. The second approach recasts cause identification as a text classification problem, employing supervised and transductive text classification algorithms to learn models from incident reports labeled with shaping factors and using the models to label unseen reports. Our experiments show that both the heuristic-based approach and the learning-based approach (when given sufficient training data) outperform the baseline system significantly.
The 2,3-epoxy naphthoquinol produced by endophyte Arthrinium marii M-211
Creators: name: Sofian, Ferry Ferdiansyah
name: Suzuki, Takuma
name: Supratman, Unang
name: Harneti, Desi
name: Maharani, Rani
name: Salam, Supriatno
name: Abdullah, Fajar Fauzi
name: Yoshida, Jun
name: Ito, Yoshiaki
name: Koseki, Takuya
name: Shiono, Yoshihito
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: A novel 2,3-epoxy naphthoquinol, named (6R,7R,8R)-theissenone A (1), possessing an oxatricyclo[5.4.0.03,5]undeca-trien-2-one skeleton, together with two known compounds, (6S,7R,8R)-theissenone (2) and arthrinone (3), were produced by an endophytic fungus, Arthrinium marii M-211, which was isolated from mangrove plants. The structure of 1, including the absolute stereochemistry, was elucidated by analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) data and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Additionally, the absolute structure of 2 was deduced as a diastereomer of 1 using ECD spectral data analysis. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 exhibited cytotoxic activity against the H4IIE rat hepatoma cells, with IC50 values of 67.5, 46.6 and 13.4 µM, respectively.
Combinatorial symmetry of line arrangements and applications
Creators: name: Amram, Meirav
name: Cohen, Moshe
name: Sun, Hao
name: Teicher, Mina
name: Ye, Fei
name: Zarkh, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N20, 52C35

description: We introduce an algorithm that exploits a combinatorial symmetry of an arrangement in order to produce a geometric reflection between two disconnected components of its moduli space. We apply this method to disqualify three real examples found in previous work by the authors from being Zariski pairs. Robustness is shown by its application to complex cases, as well.
description: 9 figures
Local momentum space: Scalar field and gravity
Creators: name: Panda, Sukanta
name: Tinwala, Abbas Altafhussain
name: Vidyarthi, Archit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the local momentum space technique to obtain an expansion of the Feynman propagators for scalar field and graviton up to first order in the background curvature. The expressions for the propagators are cross-checked with the past literature as well as with the expressions for the traced heat kernel coefficients. The propagators so obtained are used to compute one-loop divergences in the Vilkovisky-Dewitt's effective action for a scalar field non-minimally coupled with gravity for an arbitrary spacetime metric background. The Vilkovisky-DeWitt effective action is then compared with the standard effective action in the limit $κ=0$, where $κ= 2/M_P$ in terms of the Planck mass. The comparison yields the important result that taking the limit $κ=0$ after computing the Vikovisky-DeWitt effective action is not equivalent to computing the Vikovisky-DeWitt effective action for the same theory in the absence of gravity.
description: 21 pages
One new constituent from the stem bark of Chrysophyllum lacourtianum De Wild. (sapotaceae)
Creators: name: Talla, Rostan Mangoua
name: Jouda, Jean-Bosco
name: Mawabo, Isabelle Kamga
name: Tegasne, Catherine
name: Happi, Gervais Mouthé
name: Kapche, Gilbert Deccaux Wabo Fotso
name: Lenta, Bruno Ndjakou
name: Sewald, Norbert
name: Wandji, Jean
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the stem bark of Chrysophyllum lacourtianum led to the isolation and characterization of one new secondary metabolite, lacourtianal (1), together with eight known compounds. Compounds 2; 3; 5; 6; 7 and 9 were reported for the first time from Chrysophyllum genus. The structures of compounds 1–9 were elucidated on the basis of 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data as well as comparison with the literature. The antibacterial activity of the methanol extract, fractions and compounds 1–9 were evaluated against bacterial strains. The methanol extract exhibited moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus NR4674 with MIC values of 500 µg/mL. The n-hexane fraction showed moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300 and ATCC 25923) with MIC values of 125 µg/mL and ursolic acid (5) exhibited strong activity against Enterobacter aerogenes CPC and Escherichia coli ATCC 25322 with MIC values of 7.8 and 3.9 µg/mL respectively.
Magnetic Field Line Stickiness in Tokamaks
Creators: name: Martins, Caroline G. L.
name: Roberto, M.
name: Caldas, I. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulated figures of the diverted magnetic field lines of the tokamak ITER, obtained by numerically integrating a Hamiltonian model with electrical currents in five wire loops and control coils. We show evidences of a sticky island embedded in the chaotic region near the divertor plates, which traps magnetic field lines for many toroidal turns increasing their connection lengths to these plates.
Integral closure of rings of integer-valued polynomials on algebras
Creators: name: Peruginelli, Giulio
name: Werner, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 13F20, Secondary: 13B25, 13B22 11C20

description: Let $D$ be an integrally closed domain with quotient field $K$. Let $A$ be a torsion-free $D$-algebra that is finitely generated as a $D$-module. For every $a$ in $A$ we consider its minimal polynomial $μ_a(X)\in D[X]$, i.e. the monic polynomial of least degree such that $μ_a(a)=0$. The ring ${\rm Int}_K(A)$ consists of polynomials in $K[X]$ that send elements of $A$ back to $A$ under evaluation. If $D$ has finite residue rings, we show that the integral closure of ${\rm Int}_K(A)$ is the ring of polynomials in $K[X]$ which map the roots in an algebraic closure of $K$ of all the $μ_a(X)$, $a\in A$, into elements that are integral over $D$. The result is obtained by identifying $A$ with a $D$-subalgebra of the matrix algebra $M_n(K)$ for some $n$ and then considering polynomials which map a matrix to a matrix integral over $D$. We also obtain information about polynomially dense subsets of these rings of polynomials.
description: Keywords: Integer-valued polynomial, matrix, triangular matrix, integral closure, pullback, polynomially dense set. accepted for publication in the volume "Commutative rings, integer-valued polynomials and polynomial functions", M. Fontana, S. Frisch and S. Glaz (editors), Springer 2014
Cladamide: a new ceramide from the endophytic fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides
Creators: name: Sallam, Amal
name: El-Metwally, Mohamed
name: Sabry, Mohamed A.
name: Elsbaey, Marwa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: A new ceramide, named cladamide (1), in addition to cinnamic acid (2), para-coumaric acid (3), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4), and uracil (5), was isolated from the white beans culture of Cladosporium cladosporioides, a marine-derived endohpytic fungus isolated from the leaves of the mangrove, Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. Structure elucidation of compound 1 was established on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques in combination with HR-ESI-MS. The ability of the isolated compounds to inhibit acetylcholine esterase was evaluated. Compound 3 showed the highest acetylcholine esterase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.057 ± 0.003 µM), followed by compound 4 (IC50 = 0.068 ± 0.003 µM) and compound 1 (IC50 = 0.099 ± 0.005 µM) compared to donepezil, the positive control, (IC50 = 0.044 ± 0.002 µM). Compounds 2 and 5 showed lower activity (IC50 = 0.182 ± 0.009 and 0.236 ± 0.012 µM, respectively). The results were further validated by molecular docking study.
The effect of stoichiometric variations on performance in CIGS solar cells measured using X-ray microscopy
Creators: name: Pyrlik, Niklas
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020

description: Bachelorarbeit, Universität Hamburg, 2020; 1-66 (2020). = Bachelorarbeit, Universität Hamburg, 2020
description: Scanning X-ray microscopy measurements are an indespensible tool of solar cell research to-day, and the compatibility with complementary measurement modes is a particular strength. This Bachelor’s thesis investigates a series of thin-film solar cells with a Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS) absorber layer that differ in their overall ratio of gallium to indium, resulting in a varyingbandgap. Additionally, CIGS solar cells suffer from local fluctuations in the elemental con-centration which are of special interest in CIGS research, as they can be both beneficial anddetrimental to the solar cell performance. X-ray beam induced current (XBIC) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were assessed subsequentlyas a measure for the charge collection efficiency and elemental distribution, respectively, the first measurement being optimized for X-ray beam induced current and the second for X-rayfluorescence. Image registration served as a tool to align the two-dimensional datasets from XBIC and XRF measurements at nanoscale. The Enhanced Correlation Coefficient(ECC) maximization method was utilized and the results were evaluated with respect to the effect of Gaussian filters, resultingin an optimal alignment of two-dimensional maps for each solar cell of interest. This allowedfor the examination of the impact of stoichiometric variations on the solar cellperformance, employingk-means clustering and point-by-point correlation. As a result, a higher gallium-to-indium ratio and an increased concentration ofrubidium werefound to be locally present in low-performance regions of the solar cells, regardless of their over-all gallium-to-indium ratio. Regions with similar gallium-to-indium ratio can be high- or low-performing depending on the overall gallium-to-indium ratio the solar cell was produced with. Rubidium accumulates alongside grain boundaries and mitigates recombination losses.
Design, synthesis of new phenyl acetylene and isoxazole analogues of arjunolic acid as potent tyrosinase and alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Creators: name: Olanipekun, Bolatito Eunice
name: Ponnapalli, Mangala Gowri
name: Patel, Hemendra Kumar
name: Munipalle, Kiran
name: Shaik, Karimulla
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: A series of new phenyl acetylene and isoxazole analogues of arjunolic acid were designed, synthesized and evaluated (3–8) for their tyrosinase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory potential. All the tested analogues exhibited stronger inhibitory activity than the standard drug or parent compound. Of these, compound (7) displayed the most potent tyrosinase inhibitory action with IC50 (14.3 ± 7.6) of about three folds more than the standard drug, kojic acid (41.5 ± 1.0). Further, compound (8) (14.5 ± 0.15) possessed the potent alpha glucosidase inhibitory action with IC50 value comparable to that of standard, acarbose (10.4 ± 0.06). Henceforth, compounds (7) and (8) are promising candidates for further studies.
title: The Effect of Intensity of Aerobic Training on Insulin Sensitivity
Creators: name: Grieco III, Carmine Richard
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2008

description: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing. It is estimated that I 0. 7% of adults over the age of 20 years and 23.1 % of adults over the age of 60 years have diabetes (NIH, 2007). Individuals with type 2 diabetes are 2-4 times more likely to die from heart disease than those without diabetes and twice as likely to die of all-cause mortality (CDC, 2005). Additionally Mokdad et al. (2000) report that the prevalence of diabetes increased 33% between 1990 and 1998. Furthermore it has been estimated that nearly 26% of the adult U.S. population has impaired glucose tolerance (NIH, 2007). While there exists a strong correlation between moderate intensity cardiovascular exercise and increased insulin sensitivity (Mayer-Davis et al., 1998; Henriksen, 2002; Al-Mahmood et al., 2007; Hasbum et al., 2006; Potteiger et al., 2003; Oshida et al., 1989), the relationship between higher exercise intensities and increased insulin sensitivity are unclear. In order to evaluate the effect of various levels of cardiovascular intensity on insulin sensitivity, college-aged males and females were recruited for this study. Forty-five healthy subjects were matched for age, gender and VO2max, and randomly assigned to a moderate-intensity, vigorous-intensity, maximal-intensity or a non-exercising control group. The weekly duration of training varied according to level of intensity in order to ensure equivalent energy expenditure across all groups. Subjects completed a six-week training protocol on a stationary bicycle ergometer. Significant increases occurred following training in VO2max in both the vigorous (15.4%) and maximal (14.2%) intensity groups. However, there were no significant changes in insulin sensitivity in any of the exercising groups or the non-exercising control group. Although there was no effect of training on insulin sensitivity, a slight trend for an effect between VO2max and insulin sensitivity was observed across all subjects in post-test data (p = 0.17) and for change of VO2max versus change in insulin sensitivity (p = 0.21 ). The lack of a significant demonstrable effect of training upon insulin sensitivity is likely attributable to the limitations of the assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2) and/or the baseline level of fitness within the study population.
Theory of the plasma-wave photoresponse of a gated graphene sheet
Creators: name: Tomadin, Andrea
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoresponse of graphene has recently received considerable attention. The main mechanisms yielding a finite dc response to an oscillating radiation field which have been investigated include responses of photovoltaic, photo-thermoelectric, and bolometric origin. In this Article we present a fully analytical theory of a photoresponse mechanism which is based on the excitation of plasma waves in a gated graphene sheet. By employing the theory of relativistic hydrodynamics, we demonstrate that plasma-wave photodetection is substantially influenced by the massless Dirac fermion character of carriers in graphene and that the efficiency of photodetection can be improved with respect to that of ordinary parabolic-band electron fluids in semiconductor heterostructures.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 appendix
Interference dynamics of matter-waves of SU($N$) fermions
Creators: name: Chetcuti, Wayne J.
name: Osterloh, Andreas
name: Amico, Luigi
name: Polo, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the two main physical observables related to the momenta of strongly correlated SU($N$) fermions in ring-shaped lattices pierced by an effective magnetic flux: homodyne (momentum distribution) and self-heterodyne interference patterns. We demonstrate how their analysis allows us to monitor the persistent current pattern. We find that both homodyne and self-heterodyne interference display a specific dependence on the structure of the Fermi distribution and particles' correlations. For homodyne protocols, the momentum distribution is affected by the particle statistics in two distinctive ways. The first effect is a purely statistical one: at zero interactions, the characteristic hole in the momentum distribution around the momentum $\mathbf{k}=0$ opens up once half of the SU($N$) Fermi sphere is displaced. The second effect originates from interaction: the fractionalization in the interacting system manifests itself by an additional `delay' in the flux for the occurrence of the hole, that now becomes a depression at $\mathbf{k}=0$. In the case of self-heterodyne interference patterns, we are not only able to monitor, but also observe the fractionalization. Indeed, the fractionalized angular momenta, due to level crossings in the system, are reflected in dislocations present in interferograms. Our analysis demonstrate how the study of the interference fringes grants us access to both number of particles and number of components of SU($N$) fermions.
description: 35 revtex pages, 21 figures
A novel γ-lactone isolated from the leaves of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. and its xanthine oxidase activity
Creators: name: Wichaidit, Watsika
name: Thongyoo, Panumart
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A novel 3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(methylamino)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1) was isolated for the first time from the leaves of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth., along with kaempferol (2) and kaempferol-3-rhamnoside (3). It demonstrated a promising xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 79.0, 0.38, and 70.4 μg/mL (allopurinol = 0.4 µg/mL). This is the first paper to describe the presence of 3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(methylamino)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1) in the Fabaceae family. The structure elucidation of 3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(methylamino)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1), kaempferol (2), and kaempferol-3-rhamnoside (3) was determined primarily based on the analyses of MS and NMR results.
Simultaneous Enantiomer-Resolved Ramsey Spectroscopy Scheme for Chiral Molecules
Creators: name: Erez, Itay
name: Wallach, Eliana Ruth
name: Shagam, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically introduce a scheme to perform Ramsey spectroscopy on a racemic mixture of chiral molecules, simultaneously extracting the transition frequencies of the left- and right-handed molecules, known as enantiomers. By taking the difference between the enantio-specific frequencies, we isolate the weak force parity violation (PV) shift, which is predicted to break the symmetry between enantiomers. To perform the scheme, we design a pulse sequence that creates enantio-specific superpositions in a three-level system using the enantiomer-dependent sign of the electric-dipole moment components' triple product. A delayed second pulse sequence completes the Ramsey interrogation sequence, enabling readout of the phase evolution for each enantiomer's transition through a separate quantum state. Our technique overcomes the need to alternate between enantio-pure samples to measure PV. We describe the advantages of the proposed method for precision metrology.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, added 2 appendix sections
On Lévy's Brownian motion indexed by the elements of compact groups
Creators: name: Baldi, Paolo
name: Rossi, Maurizia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 43A35

description: We investigate positive definiteness of the Brownian kernel K(x,y)=1/2(d(x,x_0) + d(y,x_0) - d(x,y)) on a compact group G and in particular for G=SO(n).
description: Accepted for publication. 10 pages