cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplemental nutrients stimulate the amplification of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) in a sink drain in vitro biofilm reactor model
Creators: name: Burgos-Garay, María L.
name: Santiago, Ariel J.
name: Kartforosh, Leila
name: Kotay, Shireen
name: Donlan, Rodney M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Liquid wastes (LW) disposed in hospital handwashing sinks may affect colonization of sink P-traps by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP), causing CPKP dispersal into the patient care environment. This study aimed to determine the effect of LW on biofilm formation and CPKP colonization in a P-Trap model (PTM). PTMs containing polymicrobial biofilms grown in autoclaved municipal tap water (ATW) supplemented with 5% dextrose in water (D5W), nutritional shake (Shake), sugar-based soft drink (Soda), or ATW were inoculated with K. pneumoniae ST258 KPC+ (ST258) or K. pneumoniae CAV1016 (CAV1016) and sampled after 7, 14, and 21 d. Biofilm bio-volume, mean thickness, and heterotrophic plate counts were significantly reduced and roughness coefficient significantly increased by Soda compared with D5W, Shake, or ATW. CPKP were significantly reduced by Soda but significantly amplified by D5W (ST258; CAV1016, 7 d) and Shake (ST258) suggesting that reducing LW disposal in sinks may reduce CPKP dispersal into patient care environments.
Role of Intestinal Mucosal Integrity in HIV Transmission to Infants Through Breast-feeding: The BAN Study
Creators: name: Flax, Valerie
name: Ellington, Sascha
name: Wiener, Jeffrey
name: Tegha, Gerald
name: Kumwenda, Jacob
name: Chasela, Charles
name: Kamwendo, Deborah
name: Kourtis, Athena P.
name: King, Caroline C.
name: Van Der Horst, Charles
name: Kacheche, Zebrone
name: Kaur, Surinder P.
name: Jamieson, Denise J.
name: Kayira, Dumbani
name: Ibegbu, Chris C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Background. Increased intestinal permeability may be one of the mechanisms of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to infants through breast-feeding. Intestinal permeability correlates with microbial translocation, which can be measured through quantification of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Safety and Efficacy of Dolutegravir in Treatment-Experienced Subjects With Raltegravir-Resistant HIV Type 1 Infection: 24-Week Results of the VIKING Study
Creators: name: Morlat, Philippe
name: Poizot-Martin, Isabelle
name: Soriano, Vincent
name: Livrozet, Jean Michel
name: Yeo, Jane
name: Vittecoq, Daniel
name: Richmond, Gary
name: LaMarca, Anthony
name: Min, Sherene
name: Lalezari, Jacob P.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Katlama, Christine
name: Reynes, Jacques
name: DeJesus, Edwin
name: Vavro, Cindy
name: Cox, Joseph
name: Young, Benjamin
name: Ait-Khaled, Mounir
name: DeVente, Jerome
name: Fujiwara, Tamio
name: Hawkins, Trevor
name: Sloan, Louis A.
name: Kumar, Princy
name: Walmsley, Sharon L.
name: Fernández, Pompeyo Viciana
name: Clotet, Bonaventura
name: Lazzarin, Adriano
name: McCurdy, Lewis H.
name: Huang, Jenny
name: Gatell, Jose M.
name: Durant, Jacques
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Background. Dolutegravir (DTG; S/GSK1349572), a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitor, has limited cross-resistance to raltegravir (RAL) and elvitegravir in vitro. This phase IIb study assessed the activity of DTG in HIV-1–infected subjects with genotypic evidence of RAL resistance.Methods. Subjects received DTG 50 mg once daily (cohort I) or 50 mg twice daily (cohort II) while continuing a failing regimen (without RAL) through day 10, after which the background regimen was optimized, when feasible, for cohort I, and at least 1 fully active drug was mandated for cohort II. The primary efficacy end point was the proportion of subjects on day 11 in whom the plasma HIV-1 RNA load decreased by ≥0.7 log10 copies/mL from baseline or was <400 copies/mL.Results. A rapid antiviral response was observed. More subjects achieved the primary end point in cohort II (23 of 24 [96%]), compared with cohort I (21 of 27 [78%]) at day 11. At week 24, 41% and 75% of subjects had an HIV-1 RNA load of <50 copies/mL in cohorts I and II, respectively. Further integrase genotypic evolution was uncommon. Dolutegravir had a good, similar safety profile with each dosing regimen.Conclusion. Dolutegravir 50 mg twice daily with an optimized background provided greater and more durable benefit than the once-daily regimen. These data are the first clinical demonstration of the activity of any integrase inhibitor in subjects with HIV-1 resistant to RAL.
Modelle von Radikalisierungsverläufen : Einflussfaktoren auf Mikro-, Meso- und Makroebene
Creators: name: Bögelein, Nicole
name: Meier, Jana
name: Neubacher, Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017

description: akzeptierte Manuskriptversion
description: Manuskriptversion weicht in der Seitenzählung vom Original ab
(605) Janet McLelland
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Local free-fall Temperature of modified Schwarzschild black hole in rainbow spacetime
Creators: name: Kim, Yong-Wan
name: Park, Young-Jai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a (5+1)-dimensional global flat embedding of modified Schwarzschild black hole in rainbow gravity. We show that local free-fall temperature in rainbow gravity, which depends on different energy $ω$ of a test particle, is finite at the event horizon for a freely falling observer, while local temperature is divergent at the event horizon for a fiducial observer. Moreover, these temperatures in rainbow gravity satisfy similar relations to those of the Schwarzschild black hole except overall factor $g(ω)$, which plays a key role of rainbow functions in this embedding approach.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, version to appear in MPLA
In vitro polymicrobial inter-kingdom three-species biofilm model: influence of hyphae on biofilm formation and bacterial physiology
Creators: name: Ruiz-Sorribas, Albert
name: Poilvache, Hervé
name: Kamarudin, Nur Hidayatul Nazirah
name: Braem, Annabel
name: Van Bambeke, Françoise
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Biofilms are an important medical burden, notably for patients with orthopaedic device-related infections. When polymicrobial, these infections are more lethal and recalcitrant. Inter-kingdom biofilm infections are poorly understood and challenging to treat. Here, an in vitro three-species model including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans was developed, to represent part of the diversity observed in orthopaedic infections or other clinical contexts. The importance of fungal hyphae for biofilm formation and virulence factor expression was explored. Two protocols were set up, allowing, or not, for hyphal formation. Culturable cells and biomass were characterised in both models, and biofilms were imaged in bright-field, confocal and electron microscopes. The expression of genes related to virulence, adhesion, exopolysaccharide synthesis and stress response was analysed in early-stage and mature biofilms. It was found that biofilms enriched in hyphae had larger biomass and showed higher expression levels of genes related to bacterial virulence or exopolysaccharides synthesis.
Electric dipole moments of superheavy elements - A case study on copernicium
Creators: name: Radžiūtė, Laima
name: Gaigalas, Gediminas
name: Jönsson, Per
name: Bieroń, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method was employed to calculate atomic electric dipole moments (EDM) of the superheavy element copernicium (Cn, $Z=112$). The EDM enhancement factors of Cn, here calculated for the first time, are about one order of magnitude larger than those of Hg. The exponential dependence of enhancement factors on atomic number $Z$ along group 12 of the periodic table was derived from the EDMs of the entire homolog series, $^{69}_{30}$Zn, $^{111}_{\phantom{1}48}$Cd, $^{199}_{\phantom{1}80}$Hg, $^{285}_{112}$Cn, and $^{482}_{162}$Uhb. These results show that superheavy elements with sufficiently large half-lives are good candidates for EDM searches.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Undisclosed Antiretroviral Drug Use in a Multinational Clinical Trial (HIV Prevention Trials Network 052)
Creators: name: Mudhune, Victor O.
name: Cohen, Myron S.
name: Chen, Ying
name: Wang, Lei
name: Eshleman, Susan H.
name: McCauley, Marybeth
name: Fogel, Jessica M.
name: Gamble, Theresa
name: Sanne, Ian
name: Hendrix, Craig W.
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Grinsztejn, Beatriz
name: Bumpus, Namandjé N.
name: Makhema, Joseph
name: Mayer, Kenneth H.
name: Piwowar-Manning, Estelle
name: Chariyalertsak, Suwat
name: Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran
name: Parsons, Teresa L.
name: Hakim, James G.
name: Panchia, Ravindre
name: Santos, Breno R.
name: Ou, San San
name: Pilotto, Jose
name: Kumwenda, Johnstone
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 study enrolled serodiscordant couples. Index participants infected with human immunodeficiency virus reported no prior antiretroviral (ARV) treatment at enrollment. ARV drug testing was performed retrospectively using enrollment samples from a subset of index participants. ARV drugs were detected in 45 of 96 participants (46.9%) with an undetectable viral load, 2 of 48 (4.2%) with a low viral load, and 1 of 65 (1.5%) with a high viral load (P < .0001); they were also detected in follow-up samples from participants who were not receiving study-administered treatment. ARV drug testing may be useful in addition to self-report of ARV drug use in some clinical trial settings.
Absence of Putative Artemisinin Resistance Mutations Among Plasmodium falciparum in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Molecular Epidemiologic Study
Creators: name: DeConti, Derrick K.
name: Taylor, Steve M.
name: Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar
name: Williams, John
name: Parobek, Christian M.
name: Bailey, Jeffrey A.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Gutman, Julie
name: Mårtensson, Andreas
name: Moormann, Ann M.
name: Njie, Fanta
name: Bojang, Kalifa
name: Desai, Meghna
name: Mathanga, Don P.
name: ter Kuile, Feiko O.
name: Vulule, John M.
name: Greenwood, Brian M.
name: Kariuki, Simon
name: Rosenthal, Philip J.
name: Conrad, Melissa D.
name: Tagbor, Harry
name: Ngasala, Billy
name: Kayentao, Kassoum
name: Tshefu, Antoinette K.
name: Juliano, Jonathan J.
name: Doumbo, Ogobara K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Plasmodium falciparum parasites that are resistant to artemisinins have been detected in Southeast Asia. Resistance is associated with several polymorphisms in the parasite's K13-propeller gene. The molecular epidemiology of these artemisinin resistance genotypes in African parasite populations is unknown. We developed an assay to quantify rare polymorphisms in parasite populations that uses a pooled deep-sequencing approach to score allele frequencies, validated it by evaluating mixtures of laboratory parasite strains, and then used it to screen P. falciparum parasites from >1100 African infections collected since 2002 from 14 sites across sub-Saharan Africa. We found no mutations in African parasite populations that are associated with artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asian parasites. However, we observed 15 coding mutations, including 12 novel mutations, and limited allele sharing between parasite populations, consistent with a large reservoir of naturally occurring K13-propeller variation. Although polymorphisms associated with artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum in Southeast Asia are not prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, numerous K13-propeller coding polymorphisms circulate in Africa. Although their distributions do not support a widespread selective sweep for an artemisinin-resistant phenotype, the impact of these mutations on artemisinin susceptibility is unknown and will require further characterization. Rapid, scalable molecular surveillance offers a useful adjunct in tracking and containing artemisinin resistance.
Facile deposition of biogenic silver nanoparticles on porous alumina discs, an efficient antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antifouling strategy for functional contact surfaces
Creators: name: Nwabor, Ozioma Forstinus
name: Singh, Sudarshan
name: Wunnoo, Suttiwan
name: Lerwittayanon, Kowit
name: Voravuthikunchai, Supayang Piyawan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Surface modification is an emerging strategy for the design of contact materials. Fabricated alumina discs were functionalized by deposition of biogenic silver nanoparticles. The surfaces were characterized for physico-chemical, antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against microbial pathogens. The surface demonstrated improved hydrophobicity and a surface silver nanoparticle content of 6.4 w%. A reduction of more than 99.9% in CFU mL−i was observed against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested, with >90% reduction of the fungal isolate. After 4 h, microbial adhesion was reduced by >99.9 and 90% for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs further revealed a biofilm reduction. Cell viability tests indicated a bioincompatibility higher than 80% with Caco-2 and HaCaT cell lines after 48 h contact. The results suggest that deposition of biogenic silver nanoparticles on the surface of contact materials could be employed as a strategy to prevent biofilm formation.
L'ADAPTATION CHROMATIQUE CHEZ LES NATANTIA (CRUSTACÉS DÉCAPODES)
Creators: name: CHASSARD-BOUCHAUD, Colette
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1965

description: These investigations present evidence for new data concerning natantian colour changes.
1) Detailed descriptions of col our patterns are given for each of the .five species: Athanas nitescens Leach, Leander serratus (Pennant), 'Leander squilla (Linnaeus) Crangon crangon (Linnaeus) and Hippolyte varians Leach. '
2) Physiological colour changes in response to background are demonstrated, within the live species, to be closely associated with internai and basic functions:
a) intermoult cycle: during stages A1 (just after exuviation) and D.'' (just before exuviation), pigments fail to concentrate; the full concentration is to be found during D1 ' sta.ge;
b) sex: males always assume a more pel'fect and rapid white background adaptation than do females;
c) reproduction: egg-carrying fern ales show a reduced and slower ability to adapt themselves to coloured backgrounds •when compared to the unbreeding ones;
d) the whole pigments are fully concentrated on a white background in young animals only.
3) Crangon crangon exhibits a very peculiar behavior: when severa! animals are kept together on a white illuminated background, colour changes are not induced by the background. colour, but by both the colour of the surrounding individuals
and the incident light intensity; Crangon crangon undergoes and brings about at the same time, a mutual colour action for which I propose the name of "reciprocal effect" .
4) Morphological colour changes in response to background are shown for the first time to occur within the five species:
a) they involve changes in the chromatophore number (increase or decrease) and in the pigment amounts (production or destruction). Consequently, the chromatophore system is shown to undergo changes to a large extent: the most striking ex ample being given by Hippolyte varians;
b) sexual differences in morphological colour changes have been demonstrated.
5) Eyestalk removal induces several long term colour changes:
a) in Hippolyte varians: eyestalk removal leads to the heterogenous colour pat
Acquisition and Persistence of Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) and HPV-18 Among Men With High-HPV Viral Load Infections in a Circumcision Trial in Kisumu, Kenya
Creators: name: Senkomago, Virginia
name: Backes, Danielle M.
name: Agot, Kawango
name: Poole, Charles
name: Bailey, Robert C.
name: Moses, Stephen
name: Meijer, Chris J. L. M.
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Hesselink, Albertus T.
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Schlecht, Nicolas F.
name: Snijders, Peter J. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Background. Circumcision and lower human papillomavirus (HPV) viral loads in men are possibly associated with a reduced risk of HPV transmission to women. However, the association between male circumcision and HPV viral load remains unclear.
Two new species and a new record of Cymothoid Isopods from the Red Sea
Creators: name: TRILLES, Jean-Paul
name: COLORNI, Angelo
name: GOLANI, Daniel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1999

description: Two new species of cymothoid isopods, Ceratothoa marisrubri sp. nov. and Livoneca papernea sp. nov., are
 described from the Red Sea coast of Israel and the Sinai peninsula. A third isopod, Nerocila sigani, is reported again from
 the Gulf of Eilat. A part of the specimens live as parasites on fish caught in recent years in the Gulf of Eilat; another part
 were recovered from the National Fish Collection of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Preexisting Neutralizing Antibody Responses Distinguish Clinically Inapparent and Apparent Dengue Virus Infections in a Sri Lankan Pediatric Cohort
Creators: name: Tissera, Hasitha
name: de Silva, Aravinda M.
name: Katzelnick, Leah
name: Amerasinghe, Ananda
name: Corbett, Kizzmekia S.
name: de Silva, Aruna Dharshan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Dengue viruses (DENVs) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses that infect humans. The clinical presentation of DENV infection ranges from inapparent infection to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. We analyzed samples from a pediatric dengue cohort study in Sri Lanka to explore whether antibody responses differentiated clinically apparent infections from clinically inapparent infections. In DENV-naive individuals exposed to primary DENV infections, we observed no difference in the quantity or quality of acquired antibodies between inapparent and apparent infections. Children who experienced primary infections had broad, serotype–cross-neutralizing antibody responses that narrowed in breadth to a single serotype over a 12-month period after infection. In DENV immune children who were experiencing a repeat infection, we observed a strong association between preexisting neutralizing antibodies and clinical outcome. Notably, children with preexisting monospecific neutralizing antibody responses were more likely to develop fever than children with cross-neutralizing responses. Preexisting DENV neutralizing antibodies are correlated with protection from dengue disease.
Optical freezing of charge motion in an organic conductor
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Takahiro
name: Sagae, Yuto
name: Naitoh, Yota
name: Kawakami, Yohei
name: Itoh, Hirotake
name: Yamamoto, Kaoru
name: Yakushi, Kyuya
name: Kishida, Hideo
name: Sasaki, Takahiko
name: Ishihara, Sumio
name: Tanaka, Yasuhiro
name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
name: Iwai, Shinichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical localization, i.e., reduction of the intersite electronic transfer integral t by an alternating electric field, E(omega) , is a promising strategy for controlling strongly correlated systems with a competing energy balance between t and the Coulomb repulsion energy. Here we describe a charge localization induced by the 9.3 MV/cm instantaneous electric field of a 1.5 cycle (7 fs) infrared pulse in an organic conductor alpha-(bis[ethylenedithio]-tetrathiafulvelene)_2I_3. A large reflectivity change of > 25% and a coherent charge oscillation along the time axis reflect the opening of the charge ordering gap in the metallic phase. This optical freezing of charges, which is the reverse of the photoinduced melting of electronic orders, is attributed to the 10% reduction of t driven by the strong, high-frequency (omega>t/h_bar) electric field.
description: 20 pages, 6 figure
Additional file 1 of Molecular epidemiology of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates in South Omo, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wondale, Biniam
name: Keehwan, Kwon
name: Girmay Medhin
name: Takele Teklu
name: Temesgen Mohammed
name: Tolosa, Samuel
name: Aboma Zewude
name: Friehiwot Amsalu
name: Pieper, Rembert
name: Gobena Ameni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Phylogenetic tree for 155 isolates was constructed based on 24 locus MIRU-VNTR. The dendrogram was calculated using neighbor-joining clustering algorithms.
Some records of Bryozoans from NW Spain
Creators: name: REVERTER-GIL, Oscar
name: FERNÁNDEZ-PULPEIRO, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1999

description: Data on 12 species of Cheilostomatous Bryozoan collected from the NW of the Iberian Peninsula are included.
 Five of them are cited for the first time from this area; revision of collection samples confirms the presence of six other
 species, previously cited under different names. One species (Smittina jordii) is new to science. The record of Escharella
 praealta extends its geographical and bathymetrical range. Upgrading of Bugula neritina sessilis to species level is proposed,
 placing it in the genus Dendrobeania.
(600) Catherine Watson Annandale
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Rifaximin has a Marginal Impact on Microbial Translocation, T-cell Activation and Inflammation in HIV-Positive Immune Non-responders to Antiretroviral Therapy – ACTG A5286
Creators: name: Chan, Ellen S.
name: Read, Sarah W.
name: Jacobson, Jeffrey M.
name: Landay, Alan L.
name: Taiwo, Babafemi
name: Wilson, Cara C.
name: Macatangay, Bernard J. C.
name: Yesmin, Suria
name: Margolis, David M.
name: Tenorio, Allan R.
name: Bosch, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Background. Rifaximin, a nonabsorbable antibiotic that decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in cirrhotics, may decrease the elevated levels of microbial translocation, T-cell activation and inflammation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive immune nonresponders to antiretroviral therapy (ART).
On the fundamental role of dynamics in quantum physics
Creators: name: Hofmann, Holger F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum theory expresses the observable relations between physical properties in terms of probabilities that depend on the specific context described by the "state" of a system. However, the laws of physics that emerge at the macroscopic level are fully deterministic. Here, it is shown that the relation between quantum statistics and deterministic dynamics can be explained in terms of ergodic averages over complex valued probabilities, where the fundamental causality of motion is expressed by an action that appears as the phase of the complex probability multiplied with the fundamental constant hbar. Importantly, classical physics emerges as an approximation of this more fundamental theory of motion, indicating that the assumption of a classical reality described by differential geometry is merely an artefact of an extrapolation from the observation of macroscopic dynamics to a fictitious level of precision that does not exist within our actual experience of the world around us. It is therefore possible to completely replace the classical concepts of trajectories with the more fundamental concept of action phase probabilities as a universally valid description of the deterministic causality of motion that is observed in the physical world.
description: More compact version set in RevTex (15 pages), overview of the paper added to the introduction, along with additional explanations of the relation between statistics and the action of deterministic transformations in section II. Final version for publication in The European Physical Journal D
Additional file 2 of Oral health behavior among school children aged 11–13 years in Saveh, Iran: an evaluation of a theory-driven intervention
Creators: name: Karimy, Mahmood
name: Higgs, Peter
name: Shaghaygh Solayman Abadi
name: Armoon, Bahram
name: Araban, Marzieh
name: Rouhani, Mohammad Reza
name: Zamani-Alavijeh, Fereshteh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. English language version of the questionnaire.
Momentum transport in Taylor-Couette flow with vanishing curvature
Creators: name: Brauckmann, Hannes J.
name: Salewski, Matthew
name: Eckhardt, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study turbulent Taylor-Couette flow (TCF) between two independently rotating cylinders and the transition to rotating plane Couette flow (RPCF) in the limit of infinite radii. By using the shear Reynolds number $Re_S$ and rotation number $R_Ω$ as dimensionless parameters, the transition from TCF to RPCF can be studied continuously without singularities. Already for radius ratios $η\geq0.9$ we find that the simulation results for various radius ratios and for RPCF collapse as a function of $R_Ω$, indicating a turbulent behaviour common to both systems. We observe this agreement in the torque, mean momentum transport, mean profiles, and turbulent fluctuations. Moreover, the central profiles in TCF and RPCF for $R_Ω>0$ are found to conform with inviscid neutral stability. Intermittent bursts that have been observed in the outer boundary layer and have been linked to the formation of a torque maximum for counter-rotation are shown to disappear as $η\rightarrow 1$. The corresponding torque maximum disappears as well. Instead, two new maxima of different origin appear for $η\geq0.9$ and RPCF, a broad and a narrow one, in contrast to the results for smaller $η$. The broad maximum at $R_Ω=0.2$ is connected with a strong vortical flow and can be reproduced by streamwise invariant simulations. The narrow maximum at $R_Ω=0.02$ only emerges with increasing $Re_S$ and is accompanied by an efficient and correlated momentum transport by the mean flow. Since the narrow maximum is of larger amplitude for $Re_S=2\cdot10^4$, our simulations suggest that it will dominate at even higher $Re_S$.
Additional file 1 of Population structure and pharmacogenomic risk stratification in the United States
Creators: name: Shashwat Deepali Nagar
name: Conley, Andrew B.
name: Jordan, I. King
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1, Figures S1–4.
title: Transcontinental retroarc sediment routing controlled by subduction geometry and climate change (Central and Southern Andes, Argentina)
Creators: name:  Garzanti , Eduardo
name:  Capaldi , Tomas
name:  Vezzoli , Giovanni
name:  Limonta , Mara
name:  Sosa , Numa
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Central Argentina from the Pampean flat-slab segment to northern Patagonia (27-41°S) represents a classic example of a broken retroarc basin with strong tectonic and climatic control on fluvial sediment transport. In this provenance study, we combine framework petrography and heavy-mineral data to trace multistep dispersal of volcaniclastic detritus first eastwards across central Argentina for up to ~1500 km and next northwards for nearly another 1000 km along the Atlantic coast. Compositional signatures reflect different tectono-stratigraphic levels of the orogen uplifted along strike in response to varying subduction geometry as well as a different character and crystallization condition of arc magmas through time and space. In the presently dry climate, fluvial discharge is drastically reduced to the point that even the Desaguadero trunk river has become endorheic and orogenic detritus is dumped in the retroarc basin, reworked by winds, and temporarily accumulated in dune fields. At Pleistocene to early Holocene times, instead, much larger amounts of water were released by melting of the Cordilleran ice sheet or during pluvial events. The sediment-laden waters of the Desaguadero and Colorado rivers then rushed from the tract of the Andes with greatest topographic and structural elevation, fostering alluvial fans inland and flowing in much larger valleys than today toward the Atlantic Ocean. Sand and gravel supply to the coast was high enough not only to promote rapid progradation of large deltaic lobes but also to feed a cell of littoral sediment transport extending as far north as the Río de la Plata estuary.
title: The concurrent validity of the Child and Adult Relationship Observational tool (CARO) for mothers with additional health and social care needs and Clinical Research Portfolio
Creators: name: Drummond, Julie
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: mother-infant interaction, validity; measure, Child and Adult Relationship Observational tool, CARE-index, mother and baby unit, systematic review, psychological outcomes, postnatal mental health, quality assessment, mothers.

description: Background: Mother-infant interactions, especially in the first two years of a child’s life, have been consistently linked to a wide variety of developmental outcomes for children. Depression is commonly associated with less sensitive mother-infant interactions. Currently, most systems used to assess such interactions are complex and are therefore not a helpful aid to primary care mental health professionals who wish to monitor mother-infant relationships. Aims: The primary aim was to establish how the Child and Adult Relationship Observation tool (CARO), corresponds with another measure of mother-infant interaction (CARE-Index), which has known predictive validity, in a sample of mothers identified as having additional health and social care needs in pregnancy and who score highly on depression six months post-partum. The relationship between maternal sensitivity and depression, measured using the subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D; Bjelland et al., 2002), was also explored. Method: This study used the data from 30 mothers from the THRIVE trial (Trial of healthy relationship initiatives for the very early years).Ten of the highest scoring mothers on depression at follow-up (six months post-partum) from each of the three study arms were selected. Videos of 3-5 minutes in length, which had already been rated using the CARE-index, were analysed using CARO. Concurrent validity with the CARE-Index, and any relationship between depression and the two tools used to assess mother-infant interaction, was explored using Spearman’s correlations. Results: The association between CARO and the CARE-Index was non-significant ((rs)=.119; p=.530).There was a moderate, positive relationship between CARE-Index and depression scores ((rs)= .407; p=.026) and no significant relationship between CARO and depression scores ((rs)= .221; p=.241). Conclusion: CARO does not have good concurrent validity with the CARE-index. Other psychometric properties of CARO require to be assessed to establish the extent of its clinical utility.
Lage und Zukunft der Kriminologie - Fragen und Antworten
Creators: name: Neubacher, Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2013

description: akzeptierte Manuskriptversion
description: Titel der Manuskriptversion: Die Zukunft der Kriminologie
description: Manuskriptversion weicht in der Seitenzählung vom Original ab
The Epidemiology, Management, Outcomes and Areas for Improvement of Burn Care in Central Malawi: An Observational Study
Creators: name: Charles, AG
name: Campbell, ELP
name: Samuel, JC
name: Mjuweni, S
name: Cairns, BA
name: Muyco, AP
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This report describes the epidemiology of burn injuries and quantifies the appropriateness of use of available interventions at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi, between July 2008 and June 2009 (370 burn patients). Burns accounted for 4.4% of all injuries and 25.9% of all burns presenting to the hospital were admitted. Most patients (67.6%) were < 15 years old and 56.2% were male. The most frequent cause was scalding (51.4%). Burns occurred most frequently in the cool, dry season and in the evening. The mean burn surface area (second/third degree) was 14.1% and most burns (74%) presented within 8 h. The commonest procedure was debridement and/or amputation. The mean hospital stay was 21.1 days, in-hospital mortality was 27% and wound infection rate was 31%. Available interventions (intravenous fluids, nutrition therapy, physiotherapy) were misapplied in 59% of cases. It is concluded that primary prevention should address paediatric and scald burns, and secondary prevention should train providers to use available interventions appropriately.
Additional file 1 of Advanced NGS analysis of cell-free tumor DNA supports clonal relation to primary high-grade B-cell lymphoma lesion and CNS relapse despite MRI negativity
Creators: name: Navrkalova, Veronika
name: Mareckova, Andrea
name: Porc, Jakub
name: Hricko, Samuel
name: Hrabcakova, Viera
name: Kissova, Jarmila
name: Kundova, Sona
name: Jarosova, Marie
name: Pospisilova, Sarka
name: Kotaskova, Jana
name: Janikova, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
STADES LARVAIRES ET JUVÉNILES DE TRITODYNAMIA ATLANTICA (TH. MONOD) (= ASTHENOGNATHUS ATLANTICUS TH. MONOD) ET POSITION SYSTÉMATIQUE DE CE CRABE
Creators: name: BOCQUET, Charles
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1965

description: The larval development of the crab Tritodgnamia atlantica consists of 5 zoeal stages and 1 megalopal stage. The principal differential characteristics of these stages are described here. An understanding of these larvae makes it necessary to withdraw T. atlantica from the Pinnotheridae and to refer it to the Gonepla- cidae ; it possibly belongs in the subfamily Rhizopinae.
Nonequilibrium localization and the interplay between disorder and interactions
Creators: name: Mascarenhas, Eduardo
name: Braganca, Helena
name: Drumond, R.
name: Aguiar, M. C. O.
name: Santos, M. Franca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonequilibrium interplay between disorder and interactions in a closed quantum system. We base our analysis on the notion of dynamical state-space localization, calculated via the Loschmidt echo. Although real-space and state-space localization are independent concepts in general, we show that both perspectives may be directly connected through a specific choice of initial states, namely, maximally localized states (ML-states). We show numerically that in the noninteracting case the average echo is found to be monotonically increasing with increasing disorder; these results are in agreement with an analytical evaluation in the single particle case in which the echo is found to be inversely proportional to the localization length. We also show that for interacting systems, the length scale under which equilibration may occur is upper bounded and such bound is smaller the greater the average echo of ML-states. When disorder and interactions, both being localization mechanisms, are simultaneously at play the echo features a non-monotonic behaviour indicating a non-trivial interplay of the two processes. This interplay induces delocalization of the dynamics which is accompanied by delocalization in real-space. This non-monotonic behaviour is also present in the effective integrability which we show by evaluating the gap statistics.
description: 6 figures, appendix, improved version
Choline Availability During Embryonic Development Alters Progenitor Cell Mitosis in Developing Mouse Hippocampus
Creators: name: Mar, Mei-Heng
name: Song, Jiannan
name: Zeisel, Steven H.
name: Craciunescu, Corneliu N.
name: Albright, Craig D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Previously, we reported that dietary choline influences development of the hippocampus in fetal rat brain. It is important to know whether similar effects of choline occur in developing fetal mouse brain because interesting new experimental approaches are now available using several transgenic mouse models. Timed-pregnant mice were fed choline-supplemented (CS), control (CT) or choline-deficient (CD) AIN-76 diet from embryonic day 12 to 17 (E12–17). Fetuses from CD dams had diminished concentrations of phosphocholine and phosphatidylcholine in their brains compared with CT or CS fetuses (P < 0.05). When we analyzed fetal hippocampus on day E17 for cells with mitotic phase–specific expression of phosphorylated histone H3, we detected fewer labeled cells at the ventricular surface of the ventricular zone in the CD group (14.8 ± 1.9) compared with the CT (30.7 ± 1.9) or CS (36.6 ± 2.6) group (P < 0.05). At the same time, we detected more apoptotic cells in E17 hippocampus using morphology in the CD group (11.8 ± 1.4) than in CT (5.6 ± 0.6) or CS (4.2 ± 0.7) group (P < 0.05). This was confirmed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin anti-digoxigenin fluorescein conjugate antibody nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and activated caspase-3 immunoreactivity. We conclude that the dietary availability of choline to the mouse dam influences progenitor cell proliferation and apoptosis in the fetal brain. J. Nutr. 133: 3614–3618, 2003.
(601) Robert McLelland
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of A plant endophytic bacterium Burkholderia seminalis strain 869T2 increases plant growth under salt stress by affecting several phytohormone response pathways
Creators: name: Hwang, Hau-Hsuan
name: Huang, Yu-Ting
name: Chien, Pei-Ru
name: Huang, Fan-Chen
name: Wu, Chih-Lin
name: Chen, Liang-Yu
name: Hung, Shih-Hsun Walter
name: Pan, I-Chun
name: Huang, Chieh-Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
ความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพและการจัดการตนเองในผู้สูงอายุโรคปอดอุดกั้นเรื้อรัง
Creators: name: สุพัตรา ใจแก้ว
Publisher: name: สถาบันบำราศนราดูร
Year: 2565
Subjects: ความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพ
การจัดการตนเอง
ผู้สูงอายุโรคปอดอุดกั้นเรื้อรัง

description: วารสารสถาบันบำราศนราดูร, 16, 2, 48-59
Deformed integrable $σ$-models, classical $R$-matrices and classical exchange algebra on Drinfel'd doubles
Creators: name: Vicedo, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a unifying framework for the systematic construction of integrable deformations of integrable $σ$-models within the Hamiltonian formalism. It applies equally to both the `Yang-Baxter' type as well as `gauged WZW' type deformations which were considered recently in the literature. As a byproduct, these two families of integrable deformations are shown to be Poisson-Lie T-dual of one another.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures
Looking below the floor: constraints on the AGN radio luminosity functions at low power
Creators: name: Capetti, Alessandro
name: Raiteri, Claudia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the behavior of the radio luminosity function (RLF) of two classes of active galactic nuclei (AGN) namely AGN of low radio power (LRP) and BL Lac objects. The extrapolation of the observed steep RLFs to low power predicts a space density of such objects that exceeds that of the sources that can harbor them and this requires a break to a shallower slope. For LRP AGN we obtain P_br,LRP > 10^20.5 W/Hz at 1.4 GHz to limit their density to be smaller than that of elliptical galaxies with black hole masses M_BH > 10^7.5 solar masses. By combining this value with the limit derived by the observations the break must occur at P_br,LRP~10^20.5-10^21.5 W/Hz. For BL Lacs we find P_br,BLLAC > 10^23.3 W/Hz otherwise they would outnumber the density of weak-lined and compact radio sources, while the observations indicate P_br,BLLAC < 10^24.5 W/Hz. In the framework of the AGN unified model a low luminosity break in the RLF of LRP AGN must correspond to a break in the RLF of BL Lacs. The ratio between P_br,LRP and P_br,BLLAC is ~10^3, as expected for a jet Doppler factor of ~10.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS letters
Scalable and CMOS-compatible catalyst assisted chemical etch
Creators: name: Mallavarapu, Akhila
name: 0000-0001-9145-8102
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Metal assisted chemical etch
Scalable
CMOS-compatible
Silicon nanostructures
Catalyst

description: The ability to reliably and repeatably control the geometry of high aspect ratio silicon nanostructures over large areas is essential for a variety of applications in electronics, energy, point-of-use healthcare and sensing. For about five decades, Moore’s Law consistently delivered computing devices with improved performance, lower power consumption and enhanced functionality, transitioning from 2D scaling to 3D device geometries. However, this transition to 3D has led to unique challenges in deep etching of nanoscale geometries by plasma etch, which limits creation of small and deep features. Metal Assisted Chemical Etching (MACE or MacEtch), an electroless catalyst-based wet etch discovered in 2000, has superior etch anisotropy and sidewall profile and can improve fabrication of high aspect ratio nanostructures. However, MACE literature has not demonstrated wafer-scale etch uniformity, lacks compatibility with CMOS fabrication due to the use of Au as a catalyst, and has limited exploration of complex geometries. Solving these challenges enables a MACE process that can be deployed broadly for a wide variety of CMOS and non-CMOS devices that require precise, high throughput, high yield nanofabrication. This thesis has demonstrated scalable solutions to address MACE challenges, with a focus on adoption in high volume nanomanufacturing. To that end, first, wafer-scale reliable and repeatable fabrication of high aspect ratio silicon nanostructures is presented, based on integrating nanoimprint lithography, metal assisted chemical etching, and spectroscopic scatterometry. Next, a precise experimental technique to study the onset of Si-NW collapse is discussed. This approach resulted in unprecedented ultrahigh aspect ratio Si-NWs for oversized wires separated by sub-50nm gaps. A new nanostructure collapse avoidance methodology was developed using these results. Further, with respect to CMOS-compatibility of the MACE process, a replacement for gold was explored. For the first time, a Ruthenium MACE process that is comparable in quality to Au MACE is reported here. This result is significant because Ruthenium is not only CMOS-compatible but has also already been introduced in the semiconductor fab as an interconnect material. Finally, this research has explored complicated geometries that are specific to CMOS devices such as FinFETs and DRAM cells, and provided MACE-based process flow details to further demonstrate the potential of this technology for next-generation nanodevices. The results in this thesis thus remove a significant barrier to adoption of MACE for scalable fabrication of ultrahigh aspect ratio semiconductor nanostructures, and provide new directions of research for creation of 3D semiconductor nanodevices