cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Binding and metabolism of platelet-activating factor by human neutrophils.
Creators: name: Jacobson, D
name: O'Flaherty, J T
name: Piantadosi, C
name: Redman, J
name: Wykle, R L
name: Surles, J R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: Human polymorphonuclear neutrophils rapidly incorporated radiolabeled platelet-activating factor, 1-O-[hexadecyl-9, 10-3H2]-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ([3H]PAF), and then metabolized it into its sn-2-fatty acyl derivative. Fractionation of radiolabel-pretreated cells over Percoll gradients revealed that virtually all of the intact [3H]PAF was located in nongranule membranes that were enriched with alkaline phosphatase and cell surface glycoproteins. While still membrane associated, the ligand was rapidly converted to its acyl derivative and then more slowly transferred to specific granules and, to a lesser extent, azurophilic granules. In contrast, neutrophils did not metabolize [3H]PAF at 4 degrees C but rather gradually accumulated it in their alkaline phosphatase-enriched membrane subfractions. These same subfractions contained receptors for the ligand, as determined by their capacity to bind [3H]PAF specifically. Binding was readily saturated, partially reversible, and fit a two receptor model; dissociation constant (Kd) values for high and low affinity sites were 0.2 and 500 nM, respectively. Receptors with similar affinities were detected in whole cells. Furthermore, the potencies of several structural analogues in inhibiting binding of [3H]PAF to membranes correlated closely with their respective potencies in stimulating degranulation responses. Finally, quantitative studies suggested all or most of the cell's receptors were membrane associated. We conclude that PAF rapidly enters cellular membranes to bind with specific receptors that trigger function. The intramembranous ligand is also deacetylated, acylated, and then transferred to granules. This metabolism may be sufficiently rapid to limit ligand-receptor binding and distort quantitative analyses of receptors.
Inferring network properties from time series using transfer entropy and mutual information: validation of multivariate versus bivariate approaches
Creators: name: Novelli, Leonardo
name: Lizier, Joseph T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Functional and effective networks inferred from time series are at the core of network neuroscience. Interpreting their properties requires inferred network models to reflect key underlying structural features; however, even a few spurious links can distort network measures, challenging functional connectomes. We study the extent to which micro- and macroscopic properties of underlying networks can be inferred by algorithms based on mutual information and bivariate/multivariate transfer entropy. The validation is performed on two macaque connectomes and on synthetic networks with various topologies (regular lattice, small-world, random, scale-free, modular). Simulations are based on a neural mass model and on autoregressive dynamics (employing Gaussian estimators for direct comparison to functional connectivity and Granger causality). We find that multivariate transfer entropy captures key properties of all networks for longer time series. Bivariate methods can achieve higher recall (sensitivity) for shorter time series but are unable to control false positives (lower specificity) as available data increases. This leads to overestimated clustering, small-world, and rich-club coefficients, underestimated shortest path lengths and hub centrality, and fattened degree distribution tails. Caution should therefore be used when interpreting network properties of functional connectomes obtained via correlation or pairwise statistical dependence measures, rather than more holistic (yet data-hungry) multivariate models.
Cultured fibroblast monolayers secrete a protein that alters the cellular binding of somatomedin-C/insulinlike growth factor I.
Creators: name: D'Ercole, A J
name: Elgin, R G
name: Clemmons, D R
name: Han, V K
name: Casella, S J
name: Van Wyk, J J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: We studied somatomedin-C/insulinlike growth factor (Sm-C/IGF-I) binding to human fibroblasts in both adherent monolayers and in suspension cultures. The addition of Sm-C/IGF-I in concentrations between 0.5 and 10 ng/ml to monolayers cultures resulted in a paradoxical increase in 125I-Sm-C/IGF-I binding and concentrations between 25 and 300 ng/ml were required to displace the labeled peptide. The addition of unlabeled insulin resulted in no displacement of labeled Sm-C/IGF-I from the adherent cells. When fibroblast suspensions were used Sm-C/IGF-I concentrations between 1 and 10 ng/ml caused displacement, the paradoxical increase in 125I-Sm-C/IGF-I binding was not detected, and insulin displaced 60% of the labeled peptide. Affinity cross-linking to fibroblast monolayers revealed a 43,000-mol wt 125I-Sm-C-binding-protein complex that was not detected after cross-linking to suspended cells. The 43,000-mol wt complex was not detected after cross-linking to smooth muscle cell monolayers, and binding studies showed that 125I-Sm-C/IGF-I was displaced greater than 90% by Sm-C/IGF-I using concentrations between 0.5 and 10 ng/ml. Because fibroblast-conditioned medium contains the 43,000-mol wt complex, smooth muscle cells were incubated with conditioned medium for 24 h prior to initiation of the binding studies. 125I-Sm-C/IGF-I-binding increased 1.6-fold compared to control cultures and after cross-linking the 43,000-mol wt complex could be detected on the smooth muscle cell surface. Human fibroblast monolayers secrete a protein that binds 125I-Sm-C/IGF-I which can be transferred to the smooth muscle cell surface and alters 125I-Sm-C/IGF-I binding.
Purifying teleportation
Creators: name: Roszak, Katarzyna
name: Korbicz, Jarosław K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling to the environment typically suppresses quantum properties of physical systems via decoherence mechanisms. This is one of the main obstacles in practical implementations of quantum protocols. In this work we show how decoherence effects can be reversed/suppressed during quantum teleportation in a network scenario. Treating the environment quantumly, we show that under a general pure dephasing coupling, performing a second teleportation step can probabilistically reverse the decoherence effects if certain commutativity conditions hold. This effect is purely quantum and most pronounced for qubit systems, where in 25 % of instances the decoherence can be reversed completely. As an example, we show the effect in a physical model of a qubit register coupled to a bosonic bath. We also analyze general $d$-dimensional systems, identifying all instances of decoherence suppression. Our results are proof-of-concept but we believe will be relevant for the emerging field of quantum networks as teleportation is the key building block of network protocols.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Characterizing the chemical pathways for water formation -- A deep search for hydrogen peroxide
Creators: name: Parise, B.
name: Bergman, P.
name: Menten, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2011, hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) was observed for the first time outside the solar system (Bergman et al., A&A, 2011, 531, L8). This detection appeared a posteriori quite natural, as HOOH is an intermediate product in the formation of water on the surface of dust grains. Following up on this detection, we present a search for HOOH in a diverse sample of sources in different environments, including low-mass protostars and regions with very high column densities, such as Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs). We do not detect the molecule in any other source than Oph A, and derive 3$σ$ upper limits for the abundance of HOOH relative to H$_2$ lower than in Oph A for most sources. This result sheds a different light on our understanding of the detection of HOOH in Oph A, and shifts the puzzle to why this source seems to be special. Therefore we rediscuss the detection of HOOH in Oph A, as well as the implications of the low abundance of HOOH, and its similarity with the case of O$_2$. Our chemical models show that the production of HOOH is extremely sensitive to the temperature, and favored only in the range 20$-$30 K. The relatively high abundance of HOOH observed in Oph A suggests that the bulk of the material lies at a temperature in the range 20$-$30 K.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, invited refereed paper at the Faraday Discussion 168
The Role of Strong Magnetic Fields in Stabilizing Highly Luminous, Thin Disks
Creators: name: Mishra, Bhupendra
name: Fragile, P. Chris
name: Anderson, Jessica
name: Blankenship, Aidan
name: Li, Hui
name: Nalewajko, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a set of three-dimensional, global, general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations of thin, radiation-pressure-dominated accretion disks surrounding a non-rotating, stellar-mass black hole. The simulations are initialized using the Shakura-Sunyaev model with a mass accretion rate of $\dot{M} = 3 L_\mathrm{Edd}/c^2$ (corresponding to $L=0.17 L_\mathrm{Edd}$). Our previous work demonstrated that such disks are thermally unstable when accretion is driven by an $α$-viscosity. In the present work, we test the hypothesis that strong magnetic fields can both drive accretion through the magneto-rotational instability and restore stability to such disks. We test four initial magnetic field configurations: 1) a zero-net-flux case with a single, radially extended set of magnetic field loops (dipole); 2) a zero-net-flux case with two radially extended sets of magnetic field loops of opposite polarity stacked vertically (quadrupole); 3) a zero-net-flux case with multiple radially concentric rings of alternating polarity (multi-loop); and 4) a net-flux, vertical magnetic field configuration (vertical). In all cases, the fields are initially weak, with the gas-to-magnetic pressure ratio $\gtrsim 100$. Based on the results of these simulations, we find that the dipole and multi-loop configurations remain thermally unstable like their $α$-viscosity counterpart, in our case collapsing vertically on the local thermal timescale and never fully recovering. The vertical case, on the other hand, stabilizes and remains so for the duration of our tests (many thermal timescales). The quadrupole case is intermediate, showing signs of both stability and instability. The key stabilizing criteria is, $P_\mathrm{mag} \gtrsim 0.5P_\mathrm{tot}$ with strong toroidal fields near the disk midplane. We also report a comparison of our models to the standard Shakura-Sunyaev disk.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Capturing membrane structure and function in lattice Boltzmann models
Creators: name: McClure, James E.
name: Li, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a mesoscopic approach to model the non-equilibrium behavior of membranes at the cellular scale. Relying on lattice Boltzmann methods, we develop a solution procedure to recover the Nernst-Planck equations and Gauss's law. A general closure rule is developed to describe mass transport across the membrane, which is able to account for protein-mediated diffusion based on a coarse-grained representation. We demonstrate that our model is able to recover the Goldman equation from first principles and show that hyper-polarization occurs when membrane charging dynamics are controlled by multiple relaxation timescales. The approach provides a promising way to characterize non-equilibrium behaviors that arise due to the role of membranes in mediating transport based on realistic three-dimensional cell geometries.
Top-down holography in an asymptotically flat spacetime
Creators: name: Costello, Kevin
name: Paquette, Natalie M.
name: Sharma, Atul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a holographic duality for a four dimensional WZW model with target manifold $\mathrm{SO}(8)$, coupled to scalar-flat Kähler gravity on an asymptotically flat, four dimensional background known as the Burns metric. The holographic dual is a two dimensional chiral algebra built out of gauged beta-gamma systems with $\mathrm{SO}(8)$ flavor. We test the duality by matching two-point correlators of soft gluon currents with two-point gluon amplitudes, and their leading OPE coefficients with collinear limits of three-point gluon amplitudes.
description: 12 pages
Na+ transport in cystic fibrosis respiratory epithelia. Abnormal basal rate and response to adenylate cyclase activation.
Creators: name: Knowles, M R
name: Gatzy, J T
name: Boucher, R C
name: Cantley, L
name: Stutts, M J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: The transepithelial potential difference (PD) of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelium is abnormally raised and the Cl- permeability is low. We studied the contribution of active Na+ absorption to the PD and attempted to increase the Cl- permeability of CF epithelia. Nasal epithelia from CF and control subjects were mounted in Ussing chambers and were short-circuited. The basal rate of Na+ absorption was raised in CF polyps compared with control tissues. Whereas beta agonists induced Cl- secretion in normal and atopic epithelia, beta agonists further increased the rate of Na+ absorption in CF epithelia without inducing Cl- secretion. This unusual effect is not due to an abnormal CF beta receptor because similar effects were induced by forskolin, and because cAMP production was similar in normal and CF epithelia. We conclude that CF airway epithelia absorb Na+ at an accelerated rate. The abnormal response to beta agonists may reflect a primary abnormality in a cAMP-modulated path, or a normal cAMP-modulated process in a Cl- impermeable epithelial cell.
Revisiting CoRoT RR Lyrae stars: detection of period doubling and temporal variation of additional frequencies
Creators: name: Szabó, R.
name: Benkő, J. M.
name: Paparó, M.
name: Chapellier, E.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Baglin, A.
name: Weiss, W. W.
name: Kolenberg, K.
name: Guggenberger, E.
name: Borgne, J. -F. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for signs of period doubling in CoRoT RR Lyrae stars. The occurrence of this dynamical effect in modulated RR Lyrae stars might help us to gain more information about the mysterious Blazhko effect. The temporal variability of the additional frequencies in representatives of all subtypes of RR Lyrae stars is also investigated. We pre-process CoRoT light curves by applying trend and jump correction and outlier removal. Standard Fourier technique is used to analyze the frequency content of our targets and follow the time dependent phenomena. The most comprehensive collection of CoRoT RR Lyrae stars, including new discoveries is presented and analyzed. We found alternating maxima and in some cases half-integer frequencies in four CoRoT Blazhko RR Lyrae stars, as clear signs of the presence of period doubling. This reinforces that period doubling is an important ingredient to understand the Blazhko effect - a premise we derived previously from the Kepler RR Lyrae sample. As expected, period doubling is detectable only for short time intervals in most modulated RRab stars. Our results show that the temporal variability of the additional frequencies in all RR Lyrae sub-types is ubiquitous. The ephemeral nature and the highly variable amplitude of these variations suggest a complex underlying dynamics of and an intricate interplay between radial and possibly nonradial modes in RR Lyrae stars. The omnipresence of additional modes in all types of RR Lyrae - except in non-modulated RRab stars - implies that asteroseismology of these objects should be feasible in the near future (Abridged).
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Process Chain-Oriented Design Evaluation of Multi-Material Components by Knowledge-Based Engineering
Creators: name: Herrmann, Kevin
name: Plappert, Stefan
name: Gembarski, Paul Christoph
name: Lachmayer, Roland
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: design for manufacturing
subject: knowledge based engineering
subject: constraint satisfaction problem
subject: tailored forming
subject: process chain
subject: product development
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: The design of components suitable for manufacturing requires the application of knowledge about the manufacturing process chain with which the component is to be manufactured. This article presents an assistance system for decision support in the context of design for manufacturing. The assistance system includes explicit manufacturing process chain knowledge and has an inference engine that can automatically evaluate the manufacturability of a component design based on a given manufacturing process chain and resolve emerging manufacturing conflicts by making adjustments on the component or resource side. A link with a CAD system additionally enables the three-dimensional representation of derived manufacturing stages and manufacturing resources. Within the assistance system, a manufacturing process chain is understood as a configurable design object and is implemented via a constraint satisfaction problem. Furthermore, the required abstraction of manufacturing processes within finite domains can be reduced to the extent that necessary modeling resolution is achieved by incorporating empirical or simulative surrogate models into the CSP. The assistance system was conceptually validated on a tailored forming process chain for the production of a multimaterial shaft and provides added value, as valuable manufacturing information for component designs is automatically derived and made available in explicit form during the component development.
All-electrical valley filtering in graphene systems (I): A path to integrated electro-valleytronics
Creators: name: Chen, Feng-Wu
name: Lue, Nin-Yuan
name: Chou, Mei-Yin
name: Wu, Yu-Shu G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing and controlling the valley degree of freedom in graphene systems by transport measurements has been a major challenge to fully exploit the unique properties of this two-dimensional material. In this theoretical work, we show that this goal can be achieved by a quantum-wire geometry made of gapped graphene that acts as a valley filter with the following favorable features: i) all electrical gate control, ii) electrically switchable valley polarity, iii) robustness against configuration fluctuation, and iv) potential for room temperature operation. This valley filtering is accomplished by a combination of gap opening in either bilayer graphene with a vertical electrical field or single layer graphene on h-BN, valley splitting with a horizontal electric field, and intervalley mixing by defect scattering. In addition to functioning as a building block for valleytronics, the proposed configuration makes it possible to convert signals between electrical and valleytronic forms, thus allowing for the integration of electronic and valleytronic components for the realization of electro-valleytronics.
Optimal Collocation Nodes for Fractional Derivative Operators
Creators: name: Fatone, Lorella
name: Funaro, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Spectral discretizations of fractional derivative operators are examined, where the approximation basis is related to the set of Jacobi polynomials. The pseudo-spectral method is implemented by assuming that the grid, used to represent the function to be differentiated, may not be coincident with the collocation grid. The new option opens the way to the analysis of alternative techniques and the search of optimal distributions of collocation nodes, based on the operator to be approximated. Once the initial representation grid has been chosen, indications on how to recover the collocation grid are provided, with the aim of enlarging the dimension of the approximation space. As a results of this process, performances are improved. Applications to fractional type advection-diffusion equations, and comparisons in terms of accuracy and efficiency are made. As shown in the analysis, special choices of the nodes can also suggest tricks to speed up computations.
The Einasto model for dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Baes, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The Einasto model has become one of the most popular models for describing the density profile of dark matter haloes. There have been relatively few comprehensive studies on the dynamical structure of the Einasto model, mainly because only a limited number of properties can be calculated analytically. Aims: We want to systematically investigate the photometric and dynamical structure of the family of Einasto models over the entire model parameter space. Methods: We used the SpheCow code to explore the properties of the Einasto model. We systematically investigated how the most important properties change as a function of the Einasto index $n$. We considered both isotropic models and radially anisotropic models with an Osipkov-Merritt orbital structure. Results: We find that all Einasto models with $n<\tfrac12$ have a formal isotropic or Osipkov-Merritt distribution function that is negative in parts of phase space, and hence cannot be supported by such orbital structures. On the other hand, all models with larger values of $n$ can be supported by an isotropic orbital structure, or by an Osipkov-Merritt anisotropy, as long as the anisotropy radius is larger than a critical value. This critical anisotropy radius is a decreasing function of $n$, indicating that less centrally concentrated models allow for a larger degree of radial anisotropy. Conclusions: Studies of the structure and dynamics of models for galaxies and dark matter haloes should not be restricted to completely analytical models. Numerical codes such as SpheCow can help open up the range of models that are systematically investigated. This applies to the Einasto model discussed here, but also to other proposed models for dark matter haloes, including different extensions to the Einasto model.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Snap buckling of bistable beams under combined mechanical and magnetic loading
Creators: name: Abbasi, Arefeh
name: Sano, Tomohiko G.
name: Yan, Dong
name: Reis, Pedro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mechanics of bistable, hard-magnetic, elastic beams, combining experiments, finite element modeling (FEM), and a reduced-order theory. The beam is made of a hard magneto-rheological elastomer, comprising two segments with antiparallel magnetization along the centerline, and is set into a bistable curved configuration by imposing an end-to-end shortening. Reversible snapping is possible between these two stable states. First, we experimentally characterize the critical field strength for the onset of snapping, at different levels of end-to-end shortening. Second, we perform 3D FEM simulations using the Riks method to analyze high-order deformation modes during snapping. Third, we develop a reduced-order centerline-based beam theory to rationalize the observed magneto-elastic response. The theory and simulations are validated against experiments, with an excellent quantitative agreement. Finally, we consider the case of combined magnetic and mechanical-indentation loading, examining how the applied field affects the bistability and quantifying the maximum load-bearing capacity. Our work provides a set of predictive tools for the rational design of one-dimensional, bistable, magneto-elastic structural elements.
Complex Modulation of Rapidly Rotating Young M Dwarfs: Adding Pieces to the Puzzle
Creators: name: Günther, Maximilian N.
name: Berardo, David A.
name: Ducrot, Elsa
name: Murray, Catriona A.
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Olah, Katalin
name: Bouma, L. G.
name: Rappaport, Saul
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Feinstein, Adina D.
name: Matthews, Elisabeth C.
name: Sebastian, Daniel
name: Rackham, Benjamin V.
name: Seli, Bálint
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Gillen, Edward
name: Levine, Alan M.
name: Demory, Brice-Olivier
name: Gillon, Michaël
name: Queloz, Didier
name: Ricker, George
name: Vanderspek, Roland K.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Latham, David W.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Brasseur, C. E.
name: Colón, Knicole D.
name: Daylan, Tansu
name: Delrez, Laetitia
name: Fausnaugh, Michael
name: Garcia, Lionel J.
name: Jayaraman, Rahul
name: Jehin, Emmanuel
name: Kristiansen, Martti H.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Pedersen, Peter Philmann
name: Pozuelos, Francisco J.
name: Rodriguez, Joseph E.
name: Wohler, Bill
name: Zhan, Zhuchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New sets of young M dwarfs with complex, sharp-peaked, and strictly periodic photometric modulations have recently been discovered with Kepler/K2 (scallop shells) and TESS (complex rotators). All are part of star-forming associations, are distinct from other variable stars, and likely belong to a unified class. Suggested hypotheses include star spots, accreting dust disks, co-rotating clouds of material, magnetically constrained material, spots and misaligned disks, and pulsations. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview and add new observational constraints with TESS and SPECULOOS Southern Observatory (SSO) photometry. We scrutinize all hypotheses from three new angles: (1) we investigate each scenario's occurrence rates via young star catalogs; (2) we study the features' longevity using over one year of combined data; and (3) we probe the expected color dependency with multi-color photometry. In this process, we also revisit the stellar parameters accounting for activity effects, study stellar flares as activity indicators over year-long time scales, and develop toy models to simulate typical morphologies. We rule out most hypotheses, and only (i) co-rotating material clouds and (ii) spots and misaligned disks remain feasible - with caveats. For (i), co-rotating dust might not be stable enough, while co-rotating gas alone likely cannot cause percentage-scale features; and (ii) would require misaligned disks around most young M dwarfs. We thus suggest a unified hypothesis, a superposition of large-amplitude spot modulations and sharp transits of co-rotating gas clouds. While the complex rotators' mystery remains, these new observations add valuable pieces to the puzzle going forward.
description: Accepted in The Astronomical Journal, 23 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. This is the authors' version of the manuscript
Realization of an advanced super-mirror solid-state neutron polarizer for the instrument PF1B at the Institut Laue-Langevin
Creators: name: Petoukhov, A. K.
name: Nesvizhevsky, V. V.
name: Bigault, T.
name: Courtois, P.
name: Devishvili, A.
name: Jullien, D.
name: Soldner, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this last of a series of three papers on the development of an advanced solid-state neutron polarizer, we present the final construction of the polarizer and the results of its commissioning. The polarizer uses spin-selective reflection of neutrons by interfaces coated with polarizing super-mirrors. The polarizer is built entirely in-house for the PF1B cold neutron beam facility at the Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin (ILL). It has been installed in the PF1B casemate and tested at real conditions. The average transmission for the "good" spin component is measured to be >30 %. The polarization averaged over the capture spectrum reaches a record value of Pn ~ 0.997 for the full angular divergence in the neutron beam, delivered by the H113 neutron guide, and the full wavelength band lambda of 0.3-2.0 nm. This unprecedented performance is due to a series of innovations in the design and fabrication in the following domains: choice of the substrate material, super-mirror and anti-reflecting multilayer coatings, magnetizing field, assembling process. The polarizer is used for user experiments at PF1B since the last reactor cycle in 2020.
Abnormal apical cell membrane in cystic fibrosis respiratory epithelium. An in vitro electrophysiologic analysis.
Creators: name: Boucher, R C
name: Cotton, C U
name: Stutts, M J
name: Knowles, M R
name: Gatzy, J T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: La réduction de la conductance de Cl−de la membrane cellulaire apicale et l'augmentation de la conductance du Na+semblent contribuer à la fonction anormale de l'épithélium respiratoire des malades atteints de mucoviscidose.
Blow up in a periodic semilinear heat equation
Creators: name: Fasondini, Marco
name: King, John R.
name: Weideman, J. A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 34M35, 65M70

description: Blow up in a one-dimensional semilinear heat equation is studied using a combination of numerical and analytical tools. The focus is on problems periodic in the space variable and starting out from a nearly flat, positive initial condition. Novel results include various asymptotic approximations that are, in combination, valid over the entire space and time interval right up to and including the blow-up time. Preliminary results on continuing a numerical solution beyond the singularity are also presented.
Many-body bound states and induced interactions of charged impurities in a bosonic bath
Creators: name: Astrakharchik, Grigory E.
name: Ardila, Luis A. Peña
name: Jachymski, Krzysztof
name: Negretti, Antonio
Publisher: name: [London] : Nature Publishing Group UK
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Monte Carlo analysis
subject: quantum mechanics
subject: simulation
subject: computer simulation
subject: Monte Carlo method
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: Induced interactions and bound states of charge carriers immersed in a quantum medium are crucial for the investigation of quantum transport. Ultracold atom-ion systems can provide a convenient platform for studying this problem. Here, we investigate the static properties of one and two ionic impurities in a bosonic bath using quantum Monte Carlo methods. We identify three bipolaronic regimes depending on the strength of the atom-ion potential and the number of its two-body bound states: a perturbative regime resembling the situation of a pair of neutral impurities, a non-perturbative regime that loses the quasi-particle character of the former, and a many-body bound state regime that can arise only in the presence of a bound state in the two-body potential. We further reveal strong bath-induced interactions between the two ionic polarons. Our findings show that numerical simulations are indispensable for describing highly correlated impurity models.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (98)]
Creators: name: Bartolomeus De Bonicis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1441
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Bartolomeus de Bonicis, decretorum doctor des magisters des Hospitals St. Jacobi von Altopascio im Bistum Lucca sowie cubicularius, Kämmerer, auditor des Generalkämmerers des Papstes und auditor causarum specialiter deputatus des Papstes, erteilt dem Vincentius, Abt des Benediktinerlosters St. Thomae in Cremona, die Absolution.
Stochastic control of anti-Sm autoantibodies in MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mice.
Creators: name: Cohen, P L
name: Eisenberg, R A
name: Warren, R W
name: Craven, S Y
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: La possibilité de fabriquer des anticorps anti-Sm est sous régulation génétique mais l'expression de cette capacité chez un animal donné est régie par des mouvements stochastiques. Ces processus aléatoires peuvent faire intervenir l'expression de gènes particuliers d'immunoglobulines à région variable combinée à des mécanismes de mutation somatique étendue ou d'amplification par auto-régulation positive, qui transformerait une réponse monoclonale initiale en une réponse polyclonale finale.
More hidden heavy quarkonium molecules and their discovery decay modes
Creators: name: Li, Gang
name: Liu, Xiao Hai
name: Zhou, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To validate the molecular description of the observed $Z_b(10610)/Z_b(10650)$ and $Z_c(3900)/Z_c(4025)$, it is valuable to investigate their counterparts, denoted as $Z_{QV}^{(\prime)}$ in this work, and the corresponding decay modes. In this work, we present an analysis of the $Z_{QV}^{(\prime)}$ using flavor symmetry. We also use the effective Lagrangian based on the heavy quark symmetry to explore the rescattering mechanism and calculate the partial widths for the isospin conserved channels $Z_{QV}^{(\prime)} \to η_Q V$. The predicted partial widths are of an order of MeV for $Z_{QV} \to η_Q V$, which correspond to branching ratios of the order of $10^{-2}\sim 10^{-1}$. For $Z_{QV}^\prime \to η_Q V$, the partial widths are a few hundreds of keV and the branching ratios are about $10^{-3}$. Future experimental measurements can test our predictions on the partial widths and thus examine the molecule description of heavy quarkoniumlike exotic states.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures; accepted by Phys. Rev. D
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (106)]
Creators: name: Eugen, IV.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1443
Subjects: subject: Papsturkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Papst Eugen IV. beauftragt den Abt des Klosters von Leno im Bistum Brescia, der Eingabe des Marsilius de Bottis, Kanoniker der Kathedrale von Cremona, stattzugeben, in der gefordert wird, den Bonaventura del Marno wieder als Pfründner der Kathedrale einzusetzen, nachdem dieser widerrechtlich von seiner Position abgesetzt worden war.
FunMap: Efficient Execution of Functional Mappings for Knowledge Graph Creation
Creators: name: Jozashoori, Samaneh
name: Chaves-Fraga, David
name: Iglesias, Enrique
name: Vidal, Maria-Esther
name: Corcho, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data has exponentially grown in the last years, and knowledge graphs constitute powerful formalisms to integrate a myriad of existing data sources. Transformation functions -- specified with function-based mapping languages like FunUL and RML+FnO -- can be applied to overcome interoperability issues across heterogeneous data sources. However, the absence of engines to efficiently execute these mapping languages hinders their global adoption. We propose FunMap, an interpreter of function-based mapping languages; it relies on a set of lossless rewriting rules to push down and materialize the execution of functions in initial steps of knowledge graph creation. Although applicable to any function-based mapping language that supports joins between mapping rules, FunMap feasibility is shown on RML+FnO. FunMap reduces data redundancy, e.g., duplicates and unused attributes, and converts RML+FnO mappings into a set of equivalent rules executable on RML-compliant engines. We evaluate FunMap performance over real-world testbeds from the biomedical domain. The results indicate that FunMap reduces the execution time of RML-compliant engines by up to a factor of 18, furnishing, thus, a scalable solution for knowledge graph creation.
Higher-order corrections to the spin-orbit and spin-spin tensor interactions in HD$^+$
Creators: name: Haidar, Mohammad
name: Korobov, Vladimir I.
name: Hilico, Laurent
name: Karr, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved values of hyperfine coefficients related to the electronic spin-orbit and electron-nucleus spin-spin tensor interactions in the HD$^+$ molecular ion are obtained through numerical calculation of relativistic corrections at the $mα^6$ order and radiative corrections at the $mα^7\ln(α)$ order. The theoretical accuracy is improved by more than one order of magnitude. Some deviations with recent high-precision ro-vibrational spectroscopy experiments are observed, in contrast with the good agreement obtained in H$_2^+$.
Autoantibodies to the heat-shock protein hsp90 in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Creators: name: Minota, S
name: Yahara, I
name: Koyasu, S
name: Winfield, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop multiple autoantibodies to self-antigens. Analysis of autoantibody systems in this and related autoimmune disorders can provide information of etiologic and pathogenetic significance. We report here a previously unrecognized autoantibody to the 90,000-D heat-shock protein, hsp90, a molecule thought to have important functions in the cellular response to stress, virus-induced transformation, steroid hormone receptor action, and cellular activation. Autoantibodies to hsp90 were exclusively of the IgG class, and were detected in approximately 50% of unselected patients with SLE and 2/6 patients with idiopathic polymyositis. Anti-hsp90 antibodies were not detected in sera from 10 normal subjects, 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, or 7 patients with scleroderma. The identity of this major intracytoplasmic antigen was established by its specific removal from nonionic detergent cell lysates following immunoabsorption with monospecific rabbit anti-hsp90, and by demonstration of increased synthesis following a 10-min 45 degrees C heat shock. These data define the frequent occurrence of a novel autoantibody to a major heat-shock protein in patients with SLE.
Die sittlichen Grenzen der ärztlichen Forschungs- und Behandlungsmethoden
Creators: name: Pius XII., Papst
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 7 Nr. 2 (1952): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 7, Heft 2
Higher Spin Currents in Wolf Space: Part II
Creators: name: Ahn, Changhyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 16 lowest higher spin currents of spins (1, 3/2, 3/2, 2), (3/2, 2, 2, 5/2 ), (3/2, 2, 2, 5/2) and (2, 5/2, 5/2, 3) in terms of N=2 WZW affine currents were obtained in the N=4 superconformal Wolf space coset SU(5)/[SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1)] previously. By calculating the operator product expansions (OPEs) between the above higher spin currents which are contained in an extension of large N=4 nonlinear superconformal algebra, the next 16 higher spin currents of spins (2, 5/2, 5/2, 3), (5/2, 3, 3, 7/2 ), (5/2, 3, 3, 7/2) and (3, 7/2, 7/2, 4) are determined from the right hand sides of these OPEs. Moreover, the composite fields consisting of both the 11 currents in the large N=4 nonlinear superconformal algebra and the above 16 lowest higher spin currents also occur in the right hand sides of these OPEs. The latter appears quadratically (and linearly) in the fusion rules together with large N=4 nonlinear superconformal family of the identity operator.
description: 176 pages
String shoving effects on jets in p-p collisions
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Smita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Di-jet observables are excellent probes to study the effect of jets in dense systems. Interacting Lund strings will affect jet observables and suggests a new common mechanism responsible for jet modification in p-A and A-A. In this proceeding, we present our new implementation of the string shoving mechanism in PYTHIA8 which lets us study the effects on jet observables in p-p and nuclear collisions. We also present preliminary results showing the effects in hadron-jet correlation studies.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Prepared for publication in the proceedings for 10th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions, 1-5th June 2020, Austin, Texas
Heavy quark radiative energy loss in nuclei within the improved high-twist approach
Creators: name: Du, Yi-Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceedings, we review our recent work on the heavy quark radiative energy loss in nuclei due to multiple parton scattering within the recently improved high-twist approach, where gauge invariance can be ensured by a delicate setup of the initial partons' transverse momenta. Our new result is consistent with the previous calculations of light quark energy loss in the massless limit and heavy quark energy loss in the soft gluon radiation limit, respectively. We show numerically the correction to the heavy quark energy loss as compared with previous result and with soft gluon radiation approximation. The necessity to go beyond soft gluon radiation limit is demonstrated for a global description of light and heavy flavor data in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 10th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions (Hard Probes 2020)
Enzymatic amplification of platelet-specific messenger RNA using the polymerase chain reaction.
Creators: name: Cretney, C J
name: White, G C
name: Aster, R H
name: Newman, P J
name: Gidwitz, S
name: Gorski, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: Human platelets are derived from megakaryocytes as anucleate cells, and thus contain only vestigial amounts of RNA capable of being transcribed into protein. This has greatly hampered efforts to study directly platelet-specific gene products and their associated polymorphisms. In this report, we describe direct amplification, using the polymerase chain reaction, of platelet-derived mRNA in amounts sufficient to permit detailed analysis, such as restriction mapping and nucleotide sequencing. The ability to generate large amounts of cDNA from platelet-specific mRNA sequences should make possible direct molecular characterization of normal platelet proteins, and facilitate the investigation of a wide variety of inherited platelet disorders.
Deep Large Binocular Camera r-band Observations of the GOODS-N Field
Creators: name: Ashcraft, Teresa A.
name: McCabe, Tyler
name: Redshaw, Caleb
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Jansen, Rolf A.
name: Cohen, Seth H.
name: Carleton, Timothy
name: Ganzel, Kris
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Ryan, Russell E.
name: Nonino, Mario
name: Paris, Diego
name: Grazian, Andrea
name: Fontana, Adriano
name: Giallongo, Emanuele
name: Speziali, Roberto
name: Testa, Vincenzo
name: Boutsia, Konstantina
name: O'Connell, Robert W.
name: Rutkowski, Michael J.
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Teplitz, Harry I.
name: Wang, Xin
name: Rafelski, Marc
name: Grogin, Norman A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained 838 Sloan r-band images (~28 hrs) of the GOODS-North field with the Large Binocular Camera (LBC) on the Large Binocular Telescope in order to study the presence of extended, low surface brightness features in galaxies and investigate the trade-off between image depth and resolution. The individual images were sorted by effective seeing, which allowed for optimal resolution and optimal depth mosaics to be created with all images with seeing FWHM < 0.9" and FWHM < 2.0", respectively. Examining bright galaxies and their substructure as well as accurately deblending overlapping objects requires the optimal resolution mosaic, while detecting the faintest objects possible (to a limiting magnitude of $m_{AB}$ ~ 29.2 mag) requires the optimal depth mosaic. The better surface brightness sensitivity resulting from the larger LBC pixels, compared to those of extant WFC3/UVIS and ACS/WFC cameras aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) allows for unambiguous detection of both diffuse flux and very faint tidal tails. We created azimuthally-averaged radial surface brightness profiles for the 360 brightest galaxies in the mosaics. We find little difference in the majority of the light profiles from the optimal resolution and optimal depth mosaics. However, $\lesssim$ 15% of the profiles show excess flux in the galaxy outskirts down to surface brightness levels of $μ^{AB}_{r} $ $\simeq$ 31 mag arcsec $^{-2}$. This is relevant to Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) studies as diffuse light in the outer regions of galaxies are thought to be a major contribution to the EBL. While some additional diffuse light exists in the optimal depth profiles compared to the shallower, optimal resolution profiles, we find that diffuse light in galaxy outskirts is a minor contribution to the EBL overall in the r-band.
description: 30 pages, 25 figures, submitted to PASP