Tetralicia eriogonum
Creators: name: Ellenrieder, Natalia Von
name: Gill, Raymond J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Tetralicia
Tetralicia eriogonum

description: Tetralicia eriogonum (Carapia-Ruiz, 2020)
Figs 8, 82–88
Aleuropleurocelus eriogonum Carapia-Ruiz, 2020a: 270.
Tetralicia eriogonum: Valencia & Evans 2024: 217.
Material examined. 53 puparia: U.S.A., California; 50 slide mounted: San Diego County: 2, Tecate, on wild buckwheat, 20.iii.1961, Klopfer coll. [USNM]; 3, Jamul, on Eriogonum sp., 1.iv.1958, Klopfer & Close coll. [USNM]; Riverside County: 2, Murrieta, on Eriogonum fasciculatum, 5.iii.1971, Paddock coll. [USNM]; 2, Corona, on Eriogonum, 26.viii.1971, J.L. & E.R. Miller coll. [USNM]; San Bernardino County: 3, E Highland, on inner end of leaf and twig of Eriogonum sp., 11.xii.1957, Laird coll. [USNM]; 13, Highway 91 to Las Vegas, 17.7 mi E of Baker, desert mesa, on Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. polifolium, 8.v.1962, T.C. Fuller coll., CDA Herbarium 0022596 [CSCA]; 2, 0.1 mi E of Highway 66, 5 mi NW of San Bernardino, on Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. polifolium, 6.vi.1962, T.C. Fuller coll., CDA Herbarium 0022593 [CSCA]; Los Angeles County: 7, 3 mi S of Gorman, Highway 99, on Eriogonum fasciculatum, 3.vii.1953, A.C. Browne coll., CDA Herbarium 0022588 [CSCA]; 7, Monrovia, 152 m, on Eriogonum fasciculatum, 20.viii.1915, Phillipson coll., CDA Herbarium 0022584 [CSCA]; 1, chaparral near summit of Mount Wilson, 34°13' N, 118°05' W, 1500 m, on Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. polifolium, 28.xii.1989, A. Overturf coll., CDA Herbarium 0022596 [CSCA]; San Joaquin County: 3, 7 mi SW of Tracy, on Eriogonum sp., 25.i.1968, T.R. Haig coll. [CSCA]; 5, Tracy, 25.i.1968, on Eriogonum, T.R. Haig coll. [USNM]; 3 dry mounted: San Joaquin County, 7 mi SW of Tracy, on Eriogonum sp., 25.i.1968, T.R. Haig coll. [CSCA].
Hosts. Polygonaceae: California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum, Eriogonum sp.).
Characterization.
Field characteristics. Puparium oval-rounded, black, elevated, in older pupae with one longitudinal band of dorsal wax on each side and with amorphous lateral wax on true margin directed dorsally covering deflexed portion of submargin laterally (Fig. 8); submargin arched dorsally, with right and left sides of apparent margin sometimes almost touching each other over dorsal disc.
Slide-mounted characters. TMS ending at apparent margin, not lined with tubercles (Figs 82, 83); longitudinal molting suture lined with tubercles from TMS to level of mouthparts (Figs 82, 83); eyespots absent; Ce setae absent; T2 and T3 setae present, T3 setae arising well behind anterior margin of metanotum (Figs 82, 83); medial area lacking tubercles, with short longitudinal striations on abdomen (Fig. 86); anterolateral depressions indistinct (Figs 86, 87); with pores on each side of submedial area of head (2–4), T2 (2), T3 (2), A1 (1–2), A2 (0), A3 (2), A4 (0–2), A5 (0–2), A6 (0–2), A7 (2), and A8 (2); dorsal disc with rounded tubercles along lateral margins (Fig. 82); with pairs of pores along sides of dorsal disc; dorsal submargin with transverse bands of paired rounded tubercles turning into crescent imbrications towards apparent margin (Figs 82, 83, 87); deflexed submargin smooth, lacking granulations, with pores (Fig. 85); marginal glandular teeth subquadrangular, with tips smoothly rounded (Figs 84, 85); VO subcordate, inset from posterior margin by about its own length to slightly more (Figs 82, 87, 88); operculum cordate, its dorsal surface with longitudinal and transverse ridges and wavy striations in between, with microspinulae across distal third to fourth; lingula concealed by operculum; VO ring subcordate to subcircular and wide (Figs 82, 87, 88), with dorsal setae of A8 arising from anterolateral corners, anterior to level of anterior margin of operculum (Figs 87, 88); bases of caudal setae close together, within level of operculum lateral margins; with four membranous ventral sacs medially to bases of mesothoracic and metathoracic legs (Fig. 84); tegument of venter smooth, lacking spinulae medial to bases of legs (Fig. 84).
Measurements. Puparium length: 686 ± 64; maximum width (between level of T2/T3 suture and A1): 446 ± 45; length/maximum width: 1.6 ± 0.1; width at level of anterior margin of operculum: 261 ± 37; maximum width/width at anterior margin of operculum: 1.7 ± 0.1; deflexed submargin/body radius: 0.8 ± 0.1; Ce setae: absent; T2 setae: missing; T3 setae: 10; dorsal A8 setae: 10; caudal setae 55 ± 26; anterior marginal setae: 23 ± 15; posterior marginal setae: 19; ventral A8 setae: 34; VO ring length: 47 ± 4; VO ring width: 50 ± 6; VO ring length/width: 1 ± 0.1; caudal seta/VO ring length: 0.8; caudal seta/operculum length: 1.4; VO length: 33 ± 2; VO width: 33 ± 5; VO length/width: 1 ± 0.1; operculum length: 30 ± 3; operculum/VO length: 0.9 ± 0.05 (see Table 1 for ranges).
Similar species. Puparia that do not display dorsal wax are superficially similar to other species with rounded-oval shape in California, such as T. abnormis and T. agrifoliae, and puparia with dorsal wax (Fig. 8) resemble T. ornata and T. salsolae (Figs 25–28).
Diagnosis. Wax pattern of mature pupae with amorphous lateral wax directed upwards from true margin covering deflexed portion of submargin laterally is unique among California species (Fig. 8); microscopically, T. eriogonum can be distinguished from other California species with TMS reaching apparent lateral margin and longitudinal suture lined with tubercles (T. ceanothi, T. coachellensis, T. laingi, T. lantanae, T. oblanceolata, T. ornata) by its distinctly more elevated puparium, with deflexed submargin as wide as 0.7–1.0 of body radius, cephalothorax longer than abdomen (1.1–1.3), medial area of A1–A7 with short longitudinal striations (Fig. 86), and absence of spinulae or spines medially to leg bases (Fig. 84) [versus deflexed submargin as wide as 0.4–0.7 of body radius; cephalothorax shorter than to almost as long as abdomen (0.7–1.0), medial area of A1–A7 lacking longitudinal striations (Figs 56–58, 75–77, 132, 137, 169, 182, 205), and presence of spinulae or spines medially to leg bases, Figs 62, 73, 130, 138, 171, 180, 204].
Remarks. The original description of this species was based on specimens devoid of dorsal wax, displaying only a narrow ring of lateral wax around true margin (Carapia-Ruiz 2020a). However, we examined specimens with and without dorsal wax occurring on the same host in herbarium samples, all matching the diagnostic microscopic characters of this species when slide mounted. We believe that the dorsal wax will be absent in young pupae which have not yet secreted it and could be lost in old puparia exposed to the environment for a long time.
Distribution. Described from Baja California in Mexico; in California found in Los Angeles, Riverside, San Diego, San Joaquin, and San Bernardino Counties.
description: Published as part of Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Gill, Raymond J., 2024, The genus Tetralicia Harrison (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) in California, U. S. A., with the description of five new species and a redescription of Tetralicia granulata Sampson & Drews, 1941, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 5527 (1) on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5527.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14021823