cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ausgestaltung der Ökoregelungen in Deutschland - Stellungnahmen für das BMEL : Band 6 - Abschätzung der Kosten und Inanspruchnahme nicht-produktiver Flächen
Creators: name: Röder, Norbert
name: Krämer, Christine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: CAP post 2020
subject: Green Architecture
subject: payments for the environment

description: With the current reform of the Common agricultural policy (CAP), the EU aims to increase in particular the contribution of the agricultural sector to the protection of the climate, the environment and biodiversity in addition to income support. Therefore, the income support of the first pillar will be linked to compliance with “extended conditionalities” and supplementary Eco-schemes will be introduced in the CAP’s first pillar from 01.01.2023 on. Farmers will receive additional payments if they participate voluntarily in the Eco-schemes. Furthermore, the EU wants to increase the flexibility of the agricultural policy and tailor it better to the needs of the different member states. For this purpose, the member states have to develop national CAP strategic plans and specify, among other, the Eco-schemes. The BMEL in consultation with the federal states and stakeholders has developed the national strategic plan including proposals for the design of the Eco-schemes. During the preparation of the draft for the German CAP strategic plan, the Thünen Institute was commissioned to assess the economic implications of the Eco-schemes. Beside the question of implementation costs on farm level, this includes especially the analyses of the potential uptake and budgetary implications of the different measures given varying payment levels. For the evaluation of the ecological impacts of the proposed Eco-schemes, the Institut für Ländliche Strukturforschung (IflS) lead consortium in charge of the ex-ante evaluation of the German CAP strategic plan was consulted. The ex-ante evaluation was understood as an accompanying and supporting process during the development of the national strategic plan. The subject of the evaluation is derived from the specific objectives set out in Art. 6 No. 1 (d), (e) and (f) of the CAP Strategic Plan Regulation. Furthermore, questions of effectiveness, efficiency and consistency are addressed in the context of the overall Green Architecture. In this volume 6 of the Thünen Working Paper 180, an estimate is made of the expected regional take-up of support for fallow land and unmown grass stripes depending on the payment levels and the conditions. Furthermore, a qualitative classification of the options listed in the BLAG paper on the "Further development of the CAP" of 08.04.2020 (BMEL, 2020) for the design of the eco-regulations is made. This paper reflects the state of discussion in September 2020.
description: DOI:10.3220/WP1690887437000
Probing the disc-jet coupling in S4 0954+65, PKS 0903-57, & 4C +01.02 with $γ$-rays
Creators: name: Sharma, Ajay
name: Kamaram, Sushanth Reddy
name: Prince, Raj
name: Khatoon, Rukaiya
name: Bose, Debanjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive variability study on three blazars, S4 0954+65, PKS 0903-57, and 4C +01.02 covering a mass range of log(M/M$_{\odot}$) = 8--9, by using $\sim$15 years-long $γ$-ray light curves from \textit{Fermi}-LAT. The variability level is characterized by the fractional variability amplitude which is higher for $γ$-rays compared to optical/UV and X-rays emissions. A power spectral density (PSD) study and damped random walk (DRW) modeling are done to probe the characteristic timescale. The PSD is fitted with a single power-law (PL) and bending power-law models and the corresponding success fraction was estimated. In the case of PKS 0903-57, We observed a break in the $γ$-ray PSD at 256 days which is comparable to the viscous timescale in the accretion disc suggesting a possible disk-jet coupling. The non-thermal damping timescale from the DRW modeling is compared with the thermal damping timescale for AGNs including our three sources. Our sources lie on the best-fit of the $\mathrm{τ^{rest}_{damping}} - M_{BH}$ plot derived for AGN suggesting a possible accretion disc-jet connection. If the jet's variability is linked to the disc's variability, we expect a log-normal flux distribution, often connected to the accretion disc's multiplicative processes. Our study observed a double log-normal flux distribution, possibly linked to long and short-term variability from the accretion disk and the jet. In summary, PSD and DRW modeling results for these three sources combined with blazars and AGNs studied in literature favor a disc-jet coupling scenario. However, more such studies are needed to refine this understanding.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Extracting $pΛ$ scattering lengths from heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Shapoval, V. M.
name: Erazmus, B.
name: Lednicky, R.
name: Sinyukov, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The source radii, previously extracted by STAR Collaboration from the $p-Λ\oplus \bar{p}-\barΛ$ and $\bar{p}-Λ\oplus p-\barΛ$ correlation functions measured in 10% most central Au+Au collisions at top RHIC energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, differ by a factor of 2. The probable reason for this is the neglect of residual correlation effect in the STAR analysis. In the present paper we analyze baryon correlation functions within Lednicky and Lyuboshitz analytical model, extended to effectively account for the residual correlation contribution. Different analytical approximations for such a contribution are considered. We also use the averaged source radii extracted from the hydrokinetic model (HKM) simulations to fit the experimental data. In contrast to the STAR experimental study, the calculations in HKM show both $pΛ$ and $p\barΛ$ radii to be quite close, as expected from theoretical considerations. Using the effective Gaussian parametrization of residual correlations we obtain a satisfactory fit to the measured baryon-antibaryon correlation function with the HKM source radius value 3.28 fm. The baryon-antibaryon spin-averaged strong interaction scattering length is also extracted from the fit to the experimental correlation function.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Graph Convolutional Neural Networks based on Quantum Vertex Saliency
Creators: name: Bai, Lu
name: Jiao, Yuhang
name: Rossi, Luca
name: Cui, Lixin
name: Cheng, Jian
name: Hancock, Edwin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a new Quantum Spatial Graph Convolutional Neural Network (QSGCNN) model that can directly learn a classification function for graphs of arbitrary sizes. Unlike state-of-the-art Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) models, the proposed QSGCNN model incorporates the process of identifying transitive aligned vertices between graphs, and transforms arbitrary sized graphs into fixed-sized aligned vertex grid structures. In order to learn representative graph characteristics, a new quantum spatial graph convolution is proposed and employed to extract multi-scale vertex features, in terms of quantum information propagation between grid vertices of each graph. Since the quantum spatial convolution preserves the grid structures of the input vertices (i.e., the convolution layer does not change the original spatial sequence of vertices), the proposed QSGCNN model allows to directly employ the traditional convolutional neural network architecture to further learn from the global graph topology, providing an end-to-end deep learning architecture that integrates the graph representation and learning in the quantum spatial graph convolution layer and the traditional convolutional layer for graph classifications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed QSGCNN model in relation to existing state-of-the-art methods. The proposed QSGCNN model addresses the shortcomings of information loss and imprecise information representation arising in existing GCN models associated with the use of SortPooling or SumPooling layers. Experiments on benchmark graph classification datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed QSGCNN model.
Fast and accurate CMB computations in non-flat FLRW universes
Creators: name: Lesgourgues, Julien
name: Tram, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for calculating CMB anisotropies in a non-flat Friedmann universe, relying on a very stable algorithm for the calculation of hyperspherical Bessel functions, that can be pushed to arbitrary precision levels. We also introduce a new approximation scheme which gradually takes over in the flat space limit, and significant speeds-up calculations. Our method is implemented in the Boltzmann code CLASS. It can be used to benchmark the accuracy of the CAMB code in curved space, which is found to match expectations. For default precision settings, corresponding to 0.1% for scalar temperature spectra and 0.2% for scalar polarisation spectra, our code is two to three times faster, depending on curvature. We also simplify the temperature and polarisation source terms significantly, so the different contributions to the $C_\ell$'s are easy to identify inside the code.
description: 30 pages and 27 figures, prepared for submission to JCAP. Code available at http://class-code.net
Multi Parameter Admittance Spectroscopy of MOSFETs with 2D MoS$_{2}$ Channels
Creators: name: Reato, Eros
name: Engström, Olof
name: Wang, Zhenxing
name: Grundmann, Annika Olivia
name: Heuken, Michael
name: Kalisch, Holger
name: Vescan, Andrei
name: Lemme, Max C.
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2021

description: 2021 Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop : June 13, 2021, all virtual, Japan : workshop abstracts / 2021 VLSI Technology Symposium Kyoto, [the Japan Society of Applied Physics], Electron Devices Society 26th Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop, SNW2021, online, 13 Jun 2021 - 13 Jun 2021; [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE S7-7, 81-82 (2021).
description: Published by IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ]
Reconstructing past temperatures from natural proxies and estimated climate forcings using short- and long-memory models
Creators: name: Barboza, Luis
name: Li, Bo
name: Tingley, Martin P.
name: Viens, Frederi G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We produce new reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere annually averaged temperature anomalies back to 1000 AD, and explore the effects of including external climate forcings within the reconstruction and of accounting for short-memory and long-memory features. Our reconstructions are based on two linear models, with the first linking the latent temperature series to three main external forcings (solar irradiance, greenhouse gas concentration and volcanism), and the second linking the observed temperature proxy data (tree rings, sediment record, ice cores, etc.) to the unobserved temperature series. Uncertainty is captured with additive noise, and a rigorous statistical investigation of the correlation structure in the regression errors is conducted through systematic comparisons between reconstructions that assume no memory, short-memory autoregressive models, and long-memory fractional Gaussian noise models. We use Bayesian estimation to fit the model parameters and to perform separate reconstructions of land-only and combined land-and-marine temperature anomalies. For model formulations that include forcings, both exploratory and Bayesian data analysis provide evidence against models with no memory. Model assessments indicate that models with no memory underestimate uncertainty. However, no single line of evidence is sufficient to favor short-memory models over long-memory ones, or to favor the opposite choice. When forcings are not included, the long-memory models appear to be necessary. While including external climate forcings substantially improves the reconstruction, accurate reconstructions that exclude these forcings are vital for testing the fidelity of climate models used for future projections.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS785 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Energy Efficiency Optimization for Subterranean LoRaWAN Using A Reinforcement Learning Approach: A Direct-to-Satellite Scenario
Creators: name: Lin, Kaiqiang
name: Ullah, Muhammad Asad
name: Alves, Hirley
name: Mikhaylov, Konstantin
name: Hao, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The integration of subterranean LoRaWAN and non-terrestrial networks (NTN) delivers substantial economic and societal benefits in remote agriculture and disaster rescue operations. The LoRa modulation leverages quasi-orthogonal spreading factors (SFs) to optimize data rates, airtime, coverage and energy consumption. However, it is still challenging to effectively assign SFs to end devices for minimizing co-SF interference in massive subterranean LoRaWAN NTN. To address this, we investigate a reinforcement learning (RL)-based SFs allocation scheme to optimize the system's energy efficiency (EE). To efficiently capture the device-to-environment interactions in dense networks, we proposed an SFs allocation technique using the multi-agent dueling double deep Q-network (MAD3QN) and the multi-agent advantage actor-critic (MAA2C) algorithms based on an analytical reward mechanism. Our proposed RL-based SFs allocation approach evinces better performance compared to four benchmarks in the extreme underground direct-to-satellite scenario. Remarkably, MAD3QN shows promising potentials in surpassing MAA2C in terms of convergence rate and EE.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, paper accepted for publication in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
Model fitting in Multiple Systems Analysis for the quantification of Modern Slavery: Classical and Bayesian approaches
Creators: name: Silverman, Bernard W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple systems estimation is a key approach for quantifying hidden populations such as the number of victims of modern slavery. The UK Government published an estimate of 10,000 to 13,000 victims, constructed by the present author, as part of the strategy leading to the Modern Slavery Act 2015. This estimate was obtained by a stepwise multiple systems method based on six lists. Further investigation shows that a small proportion of the possible models give rather different answers, and that other model fitting approaches may choose one of these. Three data sets collected in the field of modern slavery, together with a data set about the death toll in the Kosovo conflict, are used to investigate the stability and robustness of various multiple systems estimate methods. The crucial aspect is the way that interactions between lists are modelled, because these can substantially affect the results. Model selection and Bayesian approaches are considered in detail, in particular to assess their stability and robustness when applied to real modern slavery data. A new Markov Chain Monte Carlo Bayesian approach is developed; overall, this gives robust and stable results at least for the examples considered. The software and datasets are freely and publicly available to facilitate wider implementation and further research.
description: 31 pages. Version 3. (Original version July 2018)
title: Σχεδιασμός συστημάτων αφαλάτωσης με παροχή ισχύος από ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας και λειτουργία στο πλαίσιο έξυπνων δικτύων
title: Design of desalination systems power-supplied by renewable energy sources, operating within the framework of smart grids

Creators: name: Μαλισοβας Αθανασιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Η αφαλάτωση νερού σε συνδυασμό με τις Ανανεώσιμες Πηγές Ενέργειας (ΑΠΕ) αποτελεί μια φιλική προς το περιβάλλον προσέγγιση για την αντιμετώπιση του προβλήματος της έλλειψης του πόσιμου νερού. Σε αυτή την εργασία παρουσιάζεται μια νέα μεθοδολογία για τον υπολογισμό της βέλτιστης δομής των συστημάτων αφαλάτωσης τα οποία τροφοδοτούνται από ΑΠΕ και συνεργάζονται με έξυπνα ηλεκτρικά δίκτυα. Η τεχνική που αναπτύχθηκε λαμβάνει υπόψη την αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ τριών εναλλακτικών βαθμών ελευθερίας στη λειτουργία του συνόλου της εγκατάστασης αφαλάτωσης, δηλαδή τις μπαταρίες αποθήκευσης ενέργειας, την αποθήκευση νερού και τη δυναμική ανταλλαγή ενέργειας με το έξυπνο ηλεκτρικό δίκτυο. Τα σχεδιαστικά αποτελέσματα πιστοποιούν ότι οι οικονομικά βέλτιστες δομές που προκύπτουν από την εφαρμογή αυτής της μεθόδου είναι ικανές να καλύψουν τις απαιτήσεις των καταναλωτών σε νερό και να υποστηρίξουν τη λειτουργία του ηλεκτρικού δικτύου, διαθέτοντας σε αυτό το πλεόνασμα ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας που έχει παραχθεί από τις ΑΠΕ. Επίσης, παρουσιάζονται αριθμητικά αποτελέσματα, τα οποία δείχνουν ότι η εφαρμογή της προτεινόμενης μεθοδολογίας επιτρέπει τη σημαντική μείωση του συνολικού κόστους ζωής της εγκατάστασης αφαλάτωσης σε σχέση με την αποκλειστική χρήση ηλεκτρική ενέργειας από το ηλεκτρικό δίκτυο.
Anomalous scaling at non-thermal fixed points of Burgers' and Gross-Pitaevskii turbulence
Creators: name: Mathey, Steven
name: Gasenzer, Thomas
name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling in the dynamical properties of complex many-body systems has been of strong interest since turbulence phenomena became the subject of systematic mathematical studies. In this article, dynamical critical phenomena far from equilibrium are investigated with functional renormalisation group equations. The focus is set on scaling solutions of the stochastic driven-dissipative Burgers equation and their relation to solutions known in the literature for Burgers and Kardar-Parisi-Zhang dynamics. We furthermore relate superfluid as well as acoustic turbulence described by the Gross-Pitaevskii model to known analytic and numerical results for scaling solutions. In this way, the canonical Kolmogorov exponent 5/3 for the energy cascade in superfluid turbulence is obtained analytically. We also get first results for anomalous exponents of acoustic and quantum turbulence. These are consistent with existing experimental data. Our results should be relevant for future experiments with, e.g., exciton-polariton condensates in solid-state systems as well as with ultra-cold atomic gases.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, Published version
Gravity as a four dimensional algebraic quantum field theory
Creators: name: Etesi, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a family of indefinite unitary representations of the diffeomorphism group of an oriented smooth $4$-manifold, a manifestly covariant $4$ dimensional and non-perturbative algebraic quantum field theory formulation of gravity is exhibited. More precisely among the bounded linear operators acting on these representation spaces we identify algebraic curvature tensors hence a net of local quantum observables can be constructed from $C^*$-algebras generated by local curvature tensors and vector fields. This algebraic quantum field theory is extracted from structures provided by an oriented smooth $4$-manifold only hence possesses a diffeomorphism symmetry. In this way classical general relativity exactly in $4$ dimensions naturally embeds into a quantum framework. Several Hilbert space representations of the theory are found. First a "tautological representation" of the limiting global $C^*$-algebra is constructed allowing to associate to any oriented smooth $4$-manifold a von Neumann algebra in a canonical fashion. Secondly, influenced by the Dougan--Mason approach to gravitational quasilocal energy-momentum, we construct certain representations what we call "positive mass representations" with unbroken diffeomorphism symmetry. Thirdly, we also obtain "classical representaions" with spontaneously broken diffeomorphism symmetry corresponding to the classical limit of the theory which turns out to be general relativity. Finally we observe that the whole family of "positive mass representations" comprise a $2$ dimensional conformal field theory in the sense of G. Segal.
description: LaTeX, 22 pp, no figures. The final, revised and published version
Graphene Photodetector Enhanced by a Planar Yagi-Uda Antenna
Creators: name: Torabi, N.
name: Mubashar, M. A.
name: Suckow, S.
name: Otto, M.
name: Parhizkar, S.
name: Giesecke, A. L.
name: Lemme, Max C.
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2021

description: 2021 Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop : June 13, 2021, all virtual, Japan : workshop abstracts / 2021 VLSI Technology Symposium Kyoto, [the Japan Society of Applied Physics], Electron Devices Society 26th Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop, SNW2021, online, 13 Jun 2021 - 13 Jun 2021; [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE S7-5, 77-78 (2021).
description: Published by IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ]
Resistive Switching in Memristors Based on Artificially Stacked Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Hexagonal-Boron Nitride
Creators: name: Völkel, Lukas
name: Braun, Dennis
name: Belete, Melkamu Adgo
name: Kataria, Satender
name: Wahlbrink, Thorsten
name: Lemme, Max C.
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2021

description: 2021 Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop : June 13, 2021, all virtual, Japan : workshop abstracts / 2021 VLSI Technology Symposium Kyoto, [the Japan Society of Applied Physics], Electron Devices Society 26th Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop, SNW2021, online, 13 Jun 2021 - 13 Jun 2021; [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE S7-6, 79-80 (2021).
description: Published by IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ]
Topological Classifications and Bifurcations of Periodic Orbits in the Potential Field of Highly Irregular-shaped Celestial Bodies
Creators: name: Jiang, Yu
name: Yu, Yang
name: Baoyin, Hexi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the distribution of characteristic multipliers, the structure of submanifolds, the phase diagram, bifurcations and chaotic motions in the potential field of rotating highly irregular-shaped celestial bodies (hereafter called irregular bodies). The topological structure of the submanifolds for the orbits in the potential field of an irregular body is shown to be classified into 34 different cases, including 6 ordinary cases, 3 collisional cases, 3 degenerate real saddle cases, 7 periodic cases, 7 period-doubling cases, 1 periodic and collisional case, 1 periodic and degenerate real saddle case, 1 period-doubling and collisional case, 1 period-doubling and degenerate real saddle case, and 4 periodic and period-doubling cases. The different distribution of the characteristic multipliers has been shown to fix the structure of the submanifolds, the type of orbits, the dynamical behaviour and the phase diagram of the motion. Classifications and properties for each case are presented. Moreover, tangent bifurcations, period-doubling bifurcations, Neimark-Sacker bifurcations and the real saddle bifurcations of periodic orbits in the potential field of an irregular body are discovered. Submanifolds appear to be Mobius strips and Klein bottles when the period-doubling bifurcation occurs.
description: Nonlinear Dynamics (2015) 1-22
Three-Slit Interference: A Duality Relation
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Mohd Asad
name: Qureshi, Tabish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issue of interference and which-way information is addressed in the context of 3-slit interference experiments. A new path distinguishability ${\mathcal D_Q}$ is introduced, based on Unambiguous Quantum State Discrimination (UQSD). An inequality connecting the interference visibility and path distinguishability, ${\mathcal V} + {2{\mathcal D_Q}\over 3- {\mathcal D_Q}} \le 1$, is derived which puts a bound on how much fringe visibility and which-way information can be simultaneously obtained. It is argued that this bound is tight. For 2-slit interference, we derive a new duality relation which reduces to Englert's duality relation and Greenberger-Yasin's duality relation, in different limits.
description: Published version
Hysteresis analysis of MoS$_{2}$ Field Effect Transistors
Creators: name: Toral-Lopez, Alejandro
name: Schneider, Daniel
name: Reato, Eros
name: Marin, Enrique G.
name: Pasadas, Francisco
name: Wang, Zhenxing
name: Lemme, Max C.
name: Godoy, Andres
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2021

description: 2021 Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop : June 13, 2021, all virtual, Japan : workshop abstracts / 2021 VLSI Technology Symposium Kyoto, [the Japan Society of Applied Physics], Electron Devices Society 26th Silicon Nanoelectronics Workshop, SNW2021, online, 13 Jun 2021 - 13 Jun 2021; [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE S7-3, 73-74 (2021).
description: Published by IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ]
John Bell's varying interpretations of quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Zeh, H. Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various interpretations of quantum mechanics, favored (or neglected) by John Bell in the context of his non-locality theorem, are compared and discussed.
description: 17 pages - v2-v8: minor changes, comments and references added; v7: published
Learning Fitness Functions for Machine Programming
Creators: name: Mandal, Shantanu
name: Anderson, Todd A.
name: Turek, Javier S.
name: Gottschlich, Justin
name: Zhou, Shengtian
name: Muzahid, Abdullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of automatic software generation is known as Machine Programming. In this work, we propose a framework based on genetic algorithms to solve this problem. Although genetic algorithms have been used successfully for many problems, one criticism is that hand-crafting its fitness function, the test that aims to effectively guide its evolution, can be notably challenging. Our framework presents a novel approach to learn the fitness function using neural networks to predict values of ideal fitness functions. We also augment the evolutionary process with a minimally intrusive search heuristic. This heuristic improves the framework's ability to discover correct programs from ones that are approximately correct and does so with negligible computational overhead. We compare our approach with several state-of-the-art program synthesis methods and demonstrate that it finds more correct programs with fewer candidate program generations.
Bounding quantum correlations with indefinite causal order
Creators: name: Brukner, Caslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causal inequalities are bounds on correlations obtained when operations take place in a causal sequence, i.e. in which the background time or definite causal structure pre-exists such that every operation is either in the future, in the past or space-like separated from any other operation. Recently, a framework was developed where quantum theory is assumed to be valid in local laboratories, but where no reference is made to any global causal relations between the operations in the laboratories. The framework was shown to allow for correlations that violate a bipartite causal inequality. Here we prove that the maximal violation of the causal inequality is upper bounded (analogously to the "Tsirelson bound") under a restricted set of local operations involving traceless binary observables. The bound is lower than what is algebraically possible.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, close to the published version
N = 2 SUSY symmetries for a moving charged particle under influence of a magnetic field: Supervariable approach
Creators: name: Krishna, S.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the supersymmetric invariant restrictions (SUSYIRs) on the supervariables to derive the nilpotent N = 2 SUSY transformations for the supersymmetric quantum mechanical model of the motion of a charged particle in the X-Y plane (where the magnetic field (B_z) is applied along the Z-direction). The supervariables are defined on a (1, 2)-dimensional supermanifold parametrized by a bosonic "time" variable t and a pair of Grassmannian variables θand \barθ(with θ^2 = {\barθ}^2 = 0, θ\barθ+ \barθθ= 0). We take the (anti-)chiral supervariables for our purpose so that the nilpotency property of the N = 2 SUSY symmetry transformations could be captured within the framework of supervariable approach. We express the Lagrangian as well as supercharges in terms of the supervariables (that are obtained after the application of the appropriate SUSYIRs) and provide geometrical basis, within the framework of our supervariable approach, for (i) the nilpotency property of the above SUSY transformations, and (ii) the SUSY invariance of the Lagrangian.
description: LaTeX file, 16 pages, published version
title: Linear viskoelastisches Materialverhalten teilkristalliner Zwischenschichten
Creators: name: Schuster, Miriam
name: Schneider, Jens
Publisher: name: Wiley (Ernst & Sohn)
Year: 2022

description: Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA)‐ und Ionoplastfolien finden immer mehr Anwendung in Verbundgläsern. Im Gegensatz zur Polyvinylbutyral‐Folie, besitzen EVA und Ionoplaste jedoch teilkristalline Bereiche, welche beim Erreichen der Schmelztemperatur schmelzen. Wird die Schmelze abgekühlt, so werden die Kristallite wieder gebildet. Der Schmelz‐ und der Kristallisationsprozess unterscheiden sich erheblich voneinander. Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht die teilkristalline Struktur am Beispiel einer Ionoplastfolie mithilfe von Differenzkalorimetrie‐Messungen bei verschiedenen Heiz‐ und Kühlraten. Mithilfe von Dynamisch‐Mechanisch‐Thermischen Analysen wird gezeigt, dass das viskoelastische Materialverhalten durch den Kristallisationsgrad beeinflusst wird.
Characterization of Sesamum indicum proteins and its immunogenic activity
Creators: name: Vemuri, Praveen Kumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Background: Allergic reactions induced by ingestion of foods containing sesame seeds are a well-recognized cause of severe food-induced anaphylaxis. Aim: The objective of the present study was to isolate, purify, and identify allergenic proteins of sesame seeds. Materials and Methods: Extract was obtained by the use of isoelectric precipitation, with 96.7% protein content of the product. Purified allergens were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), high-performance liquid chromatography, immunoblotting, and proteomics approach for amino acid sequence determination. Results: Seed proteins revealed that molecular sizes of all the reduced fractions were about 15–50 KDa by SDS-PAGE. Purified allergen was able to inhibit the immunoglobulin E binding to seeds extract in up to 90% of the responses. The identified tryptic peptide, AIFALPQAKIA of Black sesame and VQLAIHTLKSG of white sesame respectively, was commonly found in garden pea legumin. Conclusion: Majority of sesame proteins are minor allergens in regard to the prevalence and allergenic potency.
Transient temperature phenomena during sublimation growth of silicon carbide single crystals
Creators: name: Klein, Olaf
name: Philip, Peter
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Temperature evolution
subject: heating stage
subject: sublimation growth
subject: physical vapor transport
subject: modified Lely method
subject: SiC single crystal
subject: SiC powder source
subject: temperature difference
subject: transient modeling
subject: numerical simulation
subject: 80A20
subject: 65C20
subject: 65Z05
subject: 81.10.Bk
subject: 44.05.+e
subject: 02.60.Cb

description: In this article, we use numerical simulation to investigate transient temperature phenomena during sublimation growth of SiC single crytals via physical vapor transport (also called the modified Lely method). We consider the evolution of temperatures at the SiC source and at the SiC seed crystal, which are highly relevant to the quality of the grown crystals, but inaccessible to direct measurements. The simulations are based on a transient mathematical model for the heat transport, including heat conduction, radiation, and radio frequency (RF) induction heating. Varying the position of the induction coil as well as the heating power, it is shown that the measurable temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the growth apparatus can usually not be used as a simple indicator for the respective temperature difference between SiC source and seed. Moreover, it is shown that there can be a time lack of 1.5 hours between the heating of the temperature measuring points and the heating of the interior of the SiC source.
Core-collapse supernova inside the core of a young massive star cluster: 3D MHD simulations
Creators: name: Badmaev, D. V.
name: Bykov, A. M.
name: Kalyashova, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young massive stars in compact stellar clusters could end their evolution as core-collapse supernovae a few million years after the cluster was built. The blast wave of a supernova propagates through the inner cluster region with multiple stellar winds of young luminous stars. We present the results of 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the plasma flows produced by a supernova event inside a cluster with a population of massive stars similar to that in Westerlund 1. We followed its evolution over a few thousand years (i.e. a few shock crossing times). The plasma temperature, density and magnetic field, which are highly disturbed by supernova event, relax to values close to the initial over the studied period. The relaxation time of a cluster is a few thousand years, which is a sizeable fraction of the period between the successive supernova events for a massive cluster of a few million years age. The spectra of the cluster diffuse X-ray emission simulated here should be representative for the galactic and extragalactic young massive clusters. The resultant magnetic fields are highly intermittent, so we derived the volume filling factors for a set of magnetic field ranges. Highly amplified magnetic fields of magnitude well above 100 $μ$G fill in a few per cent of the cluster volume, but still dominate the magnetic energy. The structure of the magnetic fields and high velocity plasma flows with shocks in the system are favorable for both proton and electron acceleration to energies well above TeV.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures; accepted to MNRAS
title: Sonographic findings of Ledderhose’s disease
Creators: name: Sousa Mota, Cristina
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 65-year-old healthy woman presented with a 3-month history of a palpable painful nodule in the left foot. She felt discomfort while walking. There was no family history of similar nodules or history of trauma. The patient was taking no medication. 

description: 65 years, female
Combinatorics of diagrams of permutations
Creators: name: Lewis, Joel Brewster
name: Morales, Alejandro H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A15, 05A19, 05A30

description: There are numerous combinatorial objects associated to a Grassmannian permutation $w_λ$ that index cells of the totally nonnegative Grassmannian. We study several of these objects and their $q$-analogues in the case of permutations $w$ that are not necessarily Grassmannian. We give two main results: first, we show that certain acyclic orientations, rook placements avoiding a diagram of $w$, and fillings of a diagram of $w$ are equinumerous for all permutations $w$. Second, we give a $q$-analogue of a result of Hultman-Linusson-Shareshian-Sjöstrand by showing that under a certain pattern condition the Poincaré polynomial for the Bruhat interval of $w$ essentially counts invertible matrices avoiding a diagram of $w$ over a finite field. In addition to our main results, we include at the end a number of open questions.
description: v3: 29 pages, 11 figures. Addressed minor suggestions from referees, typos fixed, and updated references. v2: 29 pages, 11 figures. Part of the proof of Theorem 2.1 has been replaced by an elegant argument by Axel Hultman, which is now included as Appendix A. v1: 31 pages, 11 figures
Near-field interferometry of a free-falling nanoparticle from a point-like source
Creators: name: Bateman, James
name: Nimmrichter, Stefan
name: Hornberger, Klaus
name: Ulbricht, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter-wave interferometry performed with massive objects elucidates their wave nature and thus tests the quantum superposition principle at large scales. Whereas standard quantum theory places no limit on particle size, alternative, yet untested theories---conceived to explain the apparent quantum to classical transition---forbid macroscopic superpositions. Here we propose an interferometer with a levitated, optically cooled, and then free-falling silicon nanoparticle in the mass range of one million atomic mass units, delocalized over more than 150 nm. The scheme employs the near-field Talbot effect with a single standing-wave laser pulse as a phase grating. Our analysis, which accounts for all relevant sources of decoherence, indicates that this is a viable route towards macroscopic high-mass superpositions using available technology.
description: Main: 4 pages, 3 figs; Supplementary: 12 pages, 5 figs
interface_model_geometries.tar.gz
Creators: name: Varella, Márcio T Do N
name: Stojanovic, Ljiljana
name: Vuong, Van Quan
name: Irle, Stephan
name: Niehaus, Thomas A.
name: Barbatti, Mario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: Molecular Physics
subject: 30304 Physical Chemistry of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Geometry (xyz) files of the donor:acceptor interface models based on PTBTBTz dimers, Once uncompressed, the file names follow the same convention explained in the main text.
Efimov states in Li-Cs mixtures within a minimal model
Creators: name: Zinner, N. T.
name: Nygaard, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a minimal zero-range model for describing the bound state spectrum of three-body states consisting of two Cesium and one Lithium atom. Using a broad Feshbach resonance model for the two-body interactions, we show that recent experimental data can be described surprisingly well for particular values of the three-body parameter that governs the short-range behavior of the atomic potentials and is outside the scope of the zero-range model. Studying the spectrum as a function of the three-body parameter suggests that the lowest state seen in experiment could be influenced by finite range corrections. We also consider the question of Fermi degeneracy and corresponding Pauli blocking of the Lithium atoms on the Efimov states.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revised version
Search strategies-Characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of avoidant personality disorder- A systematic review of case report and case series.
Creators: name: Muñoz, Jenifer
name: Núñez, Shaden
name: Gualotuña, Cinthya
name: Castillo Correa, Anthony Armando
name: Llerena Guevara, Leandro Gabriel
name: Espinosa, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mental health services

description: Avoidant personality disorder (APD) is a psychiatric disorder that is defined by feelings of inferiority, sensitivity to rejection and social inhibition. People with this disorder avoid social situations and close relationships for fear of criticism, embarrassment or rejection. Due to feelings of inferiority and severe lack of self-esteem, they tend to avoid work or social activities, prefer isolation and close relationships, and have anxious feelings at social events.
Characterising circular-arc contact $B_0$-VPG graphs
Creators: name: Bonomo-Braberman, Flavia
name: Galby, Esther
name: Gonzalez, Carolina Lucía
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A contact $B_0$-VPG graph is a graph for which there exists a collection of nontrivial pairwise interiorly disjoint horizontal and vertical segments in one-to-one correspondence with its vertex set such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding segments touch. It was shown by Deniz et al. that Recognition is $\mathsf{NP}$-complete for contact $B_0$-VPG graphs. In this paper we present a minimal forbidden induced subgraph characterisation of contact $B_0$-VPG graphs within the class of circular-arc graphs and provide a polynomial-time algorithm for recognising these graphs.
Perturbation theory of observable linear systems
Creators: name: Fedorov, Aleksey
name: Ovseevich, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B05, 93B07, 93B52

description: The present work is motivated by the asymptotic control theory for a system of linear oscillators: the problem is to design a common bounded scalar control for damping all oscillators in asymptotically minimal time. The motion of the system is described in terms of a canonical system similar to that of the Pontryagin maximum principle. We consider the evolution equation for adjoint variables as a perturbed observable linear system. Due to the perturbation, the unobservable part of the state trajectory cannot be recovered exactly. We estimate the recovering error via the $L_1$-norm of perturbation. This allows us to prove that the control makes the system approach the equilibrium state with a strictly positive speed.
description: 7 pages; the subject of the present paper has grown out of study arXiv:1308.6090 (see Appendix V); published version
Signature of biased range in the non-dynamical Chern-Simons modified gravity and its measurements with satellite-satellite tracking missions: Theoretical studies
Creators: name: Qiang, Li-E
name: Xu, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Having great accuracy in the range and range rate measurements,he GRACE mission and the planed GRACE Follow On mission can in principle be employed to place strong constraints on certain relativistic gravitational theories. In this paper, we work out the range observable of the non-dynamical Chern-Simons modified gravity for the Satellite-to-Satellite Tracking (SST) measurements. We find out that a characteristic time accumulating range signal appears in non-dynamical Chern-Simons gravity, which has no analogue found in the standard parity-preserving metric theories of gravity. The magnitude of this Chern-Simons range signal will reach a few times of $χcm$ for each free flight of these SST missions, here $χ$ is the dimensionless post-Newtonian parameter of the non-dynamical Chern-Simons theory. Therefore, with the 12 years data of the GRACE mission, one expects that the mass scale $M_{CS}=\frac{4\hbar c}{χa}$ of the non-dynamical Chern-Simons gravity could be constrained to be larger than $1.9\times10^{-9}eV$. For the GRACE FO mission that scheduled to be launched in 2017, the much stronger bound that $M_{CS}\geq5\times10^{-7}eV$ is expected.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
title: The Structural and Mechanical Basis for Passive‐Hydraulic Pine Cone Actuation
Creators: name: Eger, Carmen J.
name: Horstmann, Martin
name: Poppinga, Simon
name: Sachse, Renate
name: Thierer, Rebecca
name: Nestle, Nikolaus
name: Bruchmann, Bernd
name: Speck, Thomas
name: Bischoff, Manfred
name: Rühe, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2022

description: The opening and closing of pine cones is based on the hygroscopic behavior of the individual seed scales around the cone axis, which bend passively in response to changes in environmental humidity. Although prior studies suggest a bilayer architecture consisting of lower actuating (swellable) sclereid and upper restrictive (non‐ or lesser swellable) sclerenchymatous fiber tissue layers to be the structural basis of this behavior, the exact mechanism of how humidity changes are translated into global movement are still unclear. Here, the mechanical and hydraulic properties of each structural component of the scale are investigated to get a holistic picture of their functional interplay. Measurements of the wetting behavior, water uptake, and mechanical measurements are used to analyze the influence of hydration on the different tissues of the cone scales. Furthermore, their dimensional changes during actuation are measured by comparative micro‐computed tomography (µ‐CT) investigations of dry and wet scales, which are corroborated and extended by 3D‐digital image correlation‐based displacement and strain analyses, biomechanical testing of actuation force, and finite element simulations. Altogether, a model allowing a detailed mechanistic understanding of pine cone actuation is developed, which is a prime concept generator for the development of biomimetic hygromorphic systems.