cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testbeam studies of a TORCH prototype detector
Creators: name: Brook, Nicholas
name: García, Lucia Castillo
name: Conneely, Thomas
name: Cussans, David
name: van Dijk, Maarten
name: Föhl, Klaus
name: Forty, Roger
name: Frei, Christoph
name: Gao, Rui
name: Gys, Thierry
name: Hancock, Thomas
name: Harnew, Neville
name: Lapington, Jon
name: Milnes, James
name: Piedigrossi, Didier
name: Rademacker, Jonas
name: García, Ana Ros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TORCH is a novel time-of-flight detector that has been developed to provide charged-particle identification between 2 and 10 GeV/c momentum. TORCH combines arrival times from multiple Cherenkov photons produced within a 10 mm-thick quartz radiator plate, to achieve a 15 ps time-of-flight resolution per incident particle. A customised Micro-Channel Plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT) and associated readout system utilises an innovative charge-sharing technique between adjacent pixels to obtain the necessary 70 ps time resolution of each Cherenkov photon. A five-year R\&D programme has been undertaken, culminating in the construction of a small-scale prototype TORCH module. In testbeams at CERN, this prototype operated successfully with customised electronics and readout system. A full analysis chain has been developed to reconstruct the data and to calibrate the detector. Results are compared to those using a commercial Planacon MCP-PMT, and single photon resolutions approaching 80 ps have been achieved. The photon counting efficiency was found to be in reasonable agreement with a GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation of the detector. The small-scale demonstrator is a precursor to a full-scale TORCH module (with a radiator plate of $660\times1250\times10~{\rm mm^3}$), which is currently under construction.
description: Accepted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
БУГУНГИ КУНДА АРХИТЕКТУРА ЁДГОРЛИКЛАРИНИ     РЕСТАВРАЦИЯ ҚИЛИШ  ЖАРАЁНИДАГИ МУАММОЛАР
Creators: name: Раҳбар: Тожиев Инъомжон Илҳомович  (Бино ва иншоотлар қурилиши кафедраси мудири, доцент) 506-21 БИҚ гуруҳи талабаси:  Жумақулов Комилжон  Ҳамроқулович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ўзбекистон бир неча асрли тарихга, ўзининг моддий ва маънавий бойликларига шу билан биргаликда махобатли меъморий ёдгорликларига эга юртдир. Мамлакатимизда моддий маданий мерос объектлари сони 7476 тани ташкил этиб, уларнинг 4308 таси археология,  2079 таси архитектура, 694 таси махобатли санъат объектлари, 395 таси диққатга сазовор жойлар бўлиб, шундан  Бухоро вилояти ҳудудида 287 та археология ёдгорлиги, 504 та архитектура ёдгорлиги, 18та диққатга сазовор жойлар, 17 та монументал санъат ёдгорликлари мавжуд.  Мустақиллик йилларида  уларни муҳофаза қилиш давлат сиёсати даражасига кўтарилди. “ Маданий мерос объектлари халқнинг бебаҳо бойлиги, уларни асраш ва авлодларга безавол етказиш барчамизнинг бурчимиздир”.
Search for low instability strip variables in the young open cluster NGC 2516
Creators: name: Zerbi, F. M.
name: Mantegazza, L.
name: Campana, S.
name: Antonello, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we revise and complete the photometric survey of the instability strip of the southern open cluster NGC 2516 published by Antonello and Mantegazza (1986). No variable stars with amplitudes larger than $0^m.02$ were found. However by means of an accurate analysis based on a new statistical method two groups of small amplitude variables have been disentangled: one with periods $< 0^d.25$ (probably $δ$ Scuti stars) and one with periods $>0^d.025$. The position in the HR diagram and the apparent time-scale may suggest that the stars of the second group belong to a recently discovered new class of variables, named $γ$ Dor variables. They certainly deserve further study. We also present a comparison between the results of the photometric survey and the available pointed ROSAT observations of this cluster.
description: 7 pages, 2 ps figures. Accepted for P.A.S.P
Asymmetric nuclear matter and neutron star properties
Creators: name: Engvik, L.
name: Bao, G.
name: Hjorth-Jensen, M.
name: Osnes, E.
name: Oestaard, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we calculate the total mass, radius, moment of inertia, and surface gravitational redshift for neutron stars using various equations of state (EOS). Modern meson-exchange potential models are used to evaluate the $G$-matrix for asymmetric nuclear matter. We calculate both a non-relativistic and a relativistic EOS. Of importance here is the fact that relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations for symmetric nuclear matter fit the empirical data, which are not reproduced by non-relativistic calculations. Relativistic effects are known to be important at high densities, giving an increased repulsion. This leads to a stiffer EOS compared to the EOS derived with a non-relativistic approach. Both the non-relativistic and the relativistic EOS yield moments of inertia and redshifts in agreement with the accepted values. The relativistic EOS yields, however, too large mass and radius. The implications are discussed.
description: Revtex, 16 pages, 6 figures included
GenMap: fast and exact computation of genome mappability
Creators: name: Pockrandt, Christopher
name: Alzamel, Mai
name: Iliopoulos, Costas
name: Reinert, Knut
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The (k, e)-frequency counts the number of occurrences of each k-mer with up to e errors in a sequence. We present a fast and exact method GenMap to compute the (k, e)-mappability, which is the elementwise multiplicative inverse of the (k, e)-frequency. It can also be computed on multiple genomes for marker sequences computation or probe design by identifying approximate k-mers that are unique or present in all genomes.
Exacum trinervium Druce
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Gentianaceae
Exacum
Exacum trinervium

description: Chironia trinervia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 189. 1753.
"Habitat in Zeylona." RCN: 1513.
Lectotype (Cramer in Dassanayake & Fosberg, Revised Handb. Fl. Ceylon 3: 58. 1981): Herb. Hermann 3: 26, No. 90 (BM-000594668).
Current name: Exacum trinervium (L.) Druce (Gentianaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 412, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
INFERNO: Inference-Aware Neural Optimisation
Creators: name: de Castro, Pablo
name: Dorigo, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex computer simulations are commonly required for accurate data modelling in many scientific disciplines, making statistical inference challenging due to the intractability of the likelihood evaluation for the observed data. Furthermore, sometimes one is interested on inference drawn over a subset of the generative model parameters while taking into account model uncertainty or misspecification on the remaining nuisance parameters. In this work, we show how non-linear summary statistics can be constructed by minimising inference-motivated losses via stochastic gradient descent such they provided the smallest uncertainty for the parameters of interest. As a use case, the problem of confidence interval estimation for the mixture coefficient in a multi-dimensional two-component mixture model (i.e. signal vs background) is considered, where the proposed technique clearly outperforms summary statistics based on probabilistic classification, which are a commonly used alternative but do not account for the presence of nuisance parameters.
description: Code available at https://github.com/pablodecm/paper-inferno . Version updates: - v2: fixed typos, improve text, link to code and a better synthetic experiment
Additional file 4: of Using transcriptomics to enable a plethodontid salamander (Bolitoglossa ramosi) for limb regeneration research
Creators: name: GĂłmez, Claudia Arenas
name: Woodcock, Ryan
name: Jeramiah Smith
name: Voss, Randal
name: Delgado, Jean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: BUSCO Analysis of Transcriptome Completeness. (DOCX 11 kb)
Reminiscences of Jeanne Hays Beaman 1979
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Dancers
Modern dance
Dance music

description: Studies of music dance technique at Bennington Summer School, 1938, especially as related to ballet background; impressions of Doris Humphrey, Hanya Holm, and other students; impact of Bennington on later development of modern dance.
Additional file 1 of Comparative study on main compounds and hypoglycemic effects of dispensing granules of Coptidis Rhizoma and Scutellaria–Coptis herb couple with traditional decoction
Creators: name: Yu, Huanhuan
name: Tang, Huilan
name: Hu, Guang
name: Chen, Zhu
name: Guo, Mudan
name: Jiang, Bo
name: Zhang, En
name: Hu, Changhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed information of dispensing granules and corresponding decoction pieces; Table S2. Extraction rates of CR and SR samples (%); Table S3. Contents of main alkaloids in CR samples (mg/g decoction pieces); Table S4. Contents of main flavonoids in SR samples (mg/g decoction pieces).
MOESM2 of Automated microscopy for routine malaria diagnosis: a field comparison on Giemsa-stained blood films in Peru
Creators: name: Torres, Katherine
name: Bachman, Christine
name: Delahunt, Charles
name: Jhonatan Alarcon Baldeon
name: Alava, Freddy
name: Dionicia Gamboa Vilela
name: Stephane Proux
name: Courosh Mehanian
name: McGuire, Shawn
name: Thompson, Clay
name: Ostbye, Travis
name: Liming Hu
name: Mayoore Jaiswal
name: Hunt, Victoria
name: Bell, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Autoscope diagnostic performance vs. PCR for slides withâ >â 600 WBC (i.e., at Autoscopeâ s design specifications), separated by clinic.
Genomic sketching with HyperLogLog
Creators: name: Langmead, Benjamin T.
name: Baker, Daniel
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Sketch data structures can be used to distill huge genomics datasets into small summaries. Sketches can then be compared to find, for example, the degree of k-mer similarity between two datasets. This is the basis for a growing number of bionformatics tools that solve an array of problems, e.g. clustering genomes, searching for datasets with certain sequence content, accelerating the overlapping step in genome assemblers, or mapping sequencing reads.

I will discuss the basic problems addressed by sketches, with a focus on MinHash and HyperLogLog. I will suggest a unified way of thinking about these, which are often described in different terms (e.g. "ordered" versus "bit-pattern observable"). I will further relate these structures to Bloom filters, which have found many applications in bioinformatics.

Finally, I will discuss how HyperLogLog is used in the new Dashing software tool, which tackles a similar set of sequence-similarity problems as Mash and BinDash. I will show how HyperLogLog helps address a major issue with MinHash, namely its lower accuracy in cases where one of the sets being compared is much smaller than the other. Finally, I will discuss how the ability to create sketches efficiently enables further accuracy improvements, for example, by making it easier to sketch across an array of k-mer sizes.
MIGRATSIYA  JARAYONIGA OID ASOSIY TUSHUNCHALAR
Creators: name: G'oyibov, Jo'rabek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezisda migratsiya jarayoniga oid asosiy tushunchalar va ularning mohiyati haqida fikr yuritilgan. Tezisning ahamiyatli jihati shundaki, migratsiya jarayoni yo‘nalishi, sabablari, vaqti, amalga oshirish shakllari izohlangan. Shuningdek, xalqaro  va mahalliy migratsiya jarayoni statistikasi berilgan.
Jeans instability of interstellar gas clouds in the background of weakly interacting massive particles
Creators: name: Tsiklauri, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Criterion of the Jeans instability of interstellar gas clouds which are gravitationally coupled with weakly interacting massive particles is revisited. It is established that presence of the dark matter always reduces the Jeans length, and in turn, Jeans mass of the interstellar gas clouds. Astrophysical implications of this effect are discussed.
description: version accepted in ApJ, Nov. 1, 1998 issue, vol. 507
Three flavour Quark matter in chiral colour dielectric model
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Phatak, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of quark matter at finite density and temperature using the nonlinear chiral extension of Colour Dielectric Model (CCM). Assuming that the square of the meson fields devlop non- zero vacuum expectation value, the thermodynamic potential for interacting three flavour matter has been calculated. It is found that $$ and $$ remain zero in the medium whereas $$ changes in the medium. As a result, $u$ and $d$ quark masses decrease monotonically as the temperature and density of the quark matter is increased.In the present model, the deconfinement density and temperature is found to be lower compared to lattice results. We also study the behaviour of pressure and energy density above critical temperature.
description: Latex file. 5 figures available on request. To appear in Phys. Rev. C
Reminiscences of Jere Osgood 1986
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Woodworkers
Woodwork
Furniture making

description: Childhood, early influences on his work, education at University of Illinois, School for American Craftsmen, Rochester Institute of Technology, and in Denmark; teaching at Crafts Students League, Philadelphia College of Arts, Rochester Institute of Technology and in the Woodworking and Furniture Design Department at the Boston University Program in Artisanry; influences of other wood artists; discussion of various techniques and the current direction of his designs.
Reminiscences of Jeffrey S. Robbins 1988
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Lawyers

description: Personal reminiscences of Allard Lowenstein; early political involvement; participation in Lowenstein's reelection campaigns, 1970, 1972, 1974; Lowensteins̀ effect on young people; Lowenstein as mentor; assassination of Robert F. Kennedy; Lowenstein's personal relationships with Robert F. Kennedy and William F. Buckley
The structure of ultrafine entanglement witnesses
Creators: name: Gachechiladze, Mariami
name: Wyderka, Nikolai
name: Gühne, Otfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An entanglement witness is an observable with the property that a negative expectation value signals the presence of entanglement. The question arises how a witness can be improved if the expectation value of a second observable is known, and methods for doing this have recently been discussed as so-called ultrafine entanglement witnesses. We present several results on the characterization of entanglement given the expectation values of two observables. First, we explain that this problem can naturally be tackled with the method of the Legendre transformation, leading even to a quantification of entanglement. Second, we present necessary and sufficient conditions that two product observables are able to detect entanglement. Finally, we explain some fallacies in the original construction of ultrafine entanglement witnesses [F. Shahandeh et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 110502 (2017)].
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, v2: small changes, final version
Lobularia maritima Desv.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Lobularia
Lobularia maritima

description: Clypeola maritima Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 652. 1753.
"Habitat in G. Narbonensi." RCN: 4747.
Lectotype (Borgen in Cafferty & Jarvis in Taxon 51: 533. 2002): [icon] " Thlaspi Narbonense Centumculi angusti folio " in Tabernaemontanus, Eicones Pl.: 461. 1590. - Epitype (Borgen in Cafferty & Jarvis in Taxon 51: 533. 2002): Herb. Linn. No. 830.3 (LINN).
Current name: Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. (Brassicaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 430, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
On the Learning of Deep Local Features for Robust Face Spoofing Detection
Creators: name: de Souza, Gustavo Botelho
name: Papa, João Paulo
name: Marana, Aparecido Nilceu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Biometrics emerged as a robust solution for security systems. However, given the dissemination of biometric applications, criminals are developing techniques to circumvent them by simulating physical or behavioral traits of legal users (spoofing attacks). Despite face being a promising characteristic due to its universality, acceptability and presence of cameras almost everywhere, face recognition systems are extremely vulnerable to such frauds since they can be easily fooled with common printed facial photographs. State-of-the-art approaches, based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), present good results in face spoofing detection. However, these methods do not consider the importance of learning deep local features from each facial region, even though it is known from face recognition that each facial region presents different visual aspects, which can also be exploited for face spoofing detection. In this work we propose a novel CNN architecture trained in two steps for such task. Initially, each part of the neural network learns features from a given facial region. Afterwards, the whole model is fine-tuned on the whole facial images. Results show that such pre-training step allows the CNN to learn different local spoofing cues, improving the performance and the convergence speed of the final model, outperforming the state-of-the-art approaches.
Pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis to prevent visceral leishmaniasis relapse in HIV infection
Creators: name: Ermias Diro Ejara
name: Ritmeijer, Koert
name: Boelaert, Marleen
name: Alves, Fabiana
name: Rezika Mohammed
name: Abongomera, Charles
name: Ravinetto, Raffaella
name: Crop, Maaike De
name: Fikre, Helina
name: Cherinet Adera
name: Coleblunders, Robert
name: Loen, Harry Van
name: Menten, Joris
name: Lut Lynen
name: Asrat Hailu
name: Griensven, Johan Van
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in HIV-infected population leads to profound immunosuppression and high relapse rate. A single-arm, open-label trial was conducted in northwest Ethiopia to evaluate effectiveness of pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis. After VL was cured, HIV-infected patients were given monthly infusions of 4mg/kg pentamidine-isethionate for 12months. All received antiretroviral therapy. Among 74 patients included, the probability of relapse-free survival at 12months was 71%. There was statistically, higher relapse rate among patients with CD4+cell count < 50/µl, 5/7 (71.4%) as compared to those above 200/µl, 2/12 (16.7%), (p=0.005). There was more than 50% reduction in VL relapse rate when pentamidine was used as secondary prophylaxis compared to what was retrospectively known, close to 70% relapse in the first year after VL treatment. Low CD4 count is a risk factor for relapse despite secondary prophylaxis and early diagnosis and prompt treatment is important.
Reminiscences of Jerome Clarke Hunsaker 1960
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Aeronautical engineers
Aeronautics, Military--Research
Airships
Aircraft carriers
Seaplanes

description: Naval Academy, 1904-08; naval architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; research in Europe, stability analysis and wind tunnels; Navy duty, World War I: flying boat, Material Division; first aircraft carrier, 1922; non-rigid air ships; Zeppelins; Goodyear, 1929-30; coordinator of research for Navy, 1940; impressions of General William Mitchell, Admiral William Moffett.
Exploring the Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Shafique Ahmed Awan
name: Muazzam A. Khan Khattak
name: Abdullah Ayub Khan
name: Haleem Farman
name: Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil Alsayaydeh
name: Mohd Faizal Bin Yusof
name: Safarudin Gazali Herawan
name: Moustafa M. Nasralla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The swift growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has changed many industries perspectives and influenced how societies function, communicate, and change over time. But in addition to its creative promise, AI has serious ethical drawbacks that need careful consideration. The ethical implications of the AI ecosystem are examined in this comprehensive analysis, with a particular emphasis on contemporary concerns about bias, transparency, protection, fairness, and human involvement. This study investigates how the growth of AI affects societal structures, exacerbates inequality, and raises issues of accountability in decision-making, particularly in autonomous environments, through a critical assessment of recent work. While encouraging the ethical application of AI, the paper evaluates which legislative frameworks, and the involvement of stakeholders are contributing to its negative impacts' mitigation. Through the application of insights from a variety of domains, such as business & finance, law enforcement, healthcare, and transportation, this research emphasizes the need for sophisticated governance mechanisms to guarantee that AI serves human equity and its responsibilities. As a result of the study, this paper highlights the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advancement in tackling ethical issues related to artificial intelligence. Furthermore, it seeks to gradually achieve a balance between innovation and societal well-being in a society driven by artificial intelligence.
Additional file 1 of ABLE: blockwise site frequency spectra for inferring complex population histories and recombination
Creators: name: Champak R. Beeravolu
name: Hickerson, Michael J.
name: Frantz, Laurent A. F.
name: Lohse, Konrad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figures S1â S15. Supplementary figures. (PDF 1193 kb)
Bunching-antibunching crossover in harmonically trapped few-body Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Chen, J.
name: Schurer, J. M.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground state of a few-body Bose-Fermi mixture in a one-dimensional harmonic trap with varying interaction strengths and mass ratio. A bunching-antibunching crossover of the bosonic species for increasing interspecies' repulsion is observed within our fully correlated \textit{ab~initio} studies. Interestingly, this crossover is suppressed if the bosonic repulsion exceeds a critical value which strongly depends on the mass ratio. In order to unveil the physical origin of this crossover, we employ different levels of approximations: while a species mean-field approach can account for the antibunching, only the inclusion of the interspecies correlations can lead to the bunching. We show that these correlations effectively create an induced bosonic interaction, which in turn elucidates the occurrence of the bosonic bunching. Finally, we derive a two-site extended Bose-Hubbard model which reveals the low-energy physics of the bosons for the case of much heavier fermions.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Using decentralized automatic machine technology for last mile menstrual health delivery
Creators: name: Suhani Mohan
name: Shivali Bagayatkar
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: At Saral Designs, we have developed a decentralised model for menstrual health delivery that focuses on 4As - Affordability, Accessibility, Awareness and Advocacy. Our innovation called SWACHH is world’s first low-cost fully automatic sanitary napkin making machine. Automation reduces cost of production and local production increases access to sanitary napkin where multinational products have limited or no reach. With strong focus on open sourcing of information, we help partners with awareness programs on MHM, sales and distribution. Our business in a box model works for entrepreneurs and NGOs in tier-2,3 towns who get end-to-end support to produce pads, promote safe reproductive health practices and provide livelihood opportunities in their respective regions.

We have potential of impacting 21 million women and girls through 600 machines in each district of India, employing 90,000 health workers for product and knowledge delivery on menstruation and providing jobs to 3600 men and women in production.
Heavy neutrino ball as a possible solution to the "blackness problem" of the Galactic center
Creators: name: Tsiklauri, David
name: Viollier, Raoul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently shown (Tsiklauri & Viollier, 1998a) that the matter concentration inferred from observed stellar motion at the galactic center (Eckart & Genzel, 1997, MNRAS, 284, 576 and Genzel et al., 1996, ApJ, 472, 153) is consistent with a supermassive object of $2.5 \times 10^6$ solar masses, composed of self-gravitating, degenerate heavy neutrinos. It has been furthermore suggested (Tsiklauri & Viollier, 1998a) that the neutrino ball scenario may have an advantage that it could possibly explain the so-called "blackness problem" of the galactic center. Here, we present a quantitative investigation of this statement, by calculating the emitted spectrum of Sgr A$^*$ in the framework of standard accretion disk theory.
description: version 2, MNRAS style, submitted to MNRAS
Solid-state dewetting on curved substrates
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Wang, Yan
name: Srolovitz, David J.
name: Bao, Weizhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the thermodynamic variation to the free energy functional, we propose a sharp-interface model for simulating solid-state dewetting of thin films on rigid curved substrates in two dimensions. This model describes the interface evolution which occurs through surface diffusion-controlled mass transport and contact point migration along the curved substrate. Furthermore, the surface energy anisotropy is easily included into the model, and the contact point migration is explicitly described by the relaxed contact angle boundary condition. We implement the mathematical model by a semi-implicit parametric finite element method to study several interesting phenomena, such as "small" particle migration on curved substrates and templated solid-state dewetting on a pre-patterned substrate. Based on ample numerical simulations, we demonstrate that, the migration velocity of a "small" solid particle is proportional to the substrate curvature gradient $\hatκ'$ and inversely proportional to the square root of the area of the particle $\sqrt{A}$, and it decreases when the isotropic Young angle $θ_i$ increases. In addition, we also observe four periodic categories of dewetting on a pre-patterned sinusoidal substrate. Our approach can provide a convenient and powerful tool to exploring how to produce well-organized nanoparticles by making use of template-assisted solid-state dewetting.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Role of Hyperon Negative Energy Sea in Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Ellis, P. J.
name: Parendo, S. B.
name: Prakash, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the contribution of the filled negative energy sea of hyperons to the energy/particle in nuclear matter at the one and two loop levels. While this has the potential to be significant, we find a strong cancellation between the one and two loop contributions for our chosen parameters so that hyperon effects can be justifiably neglected.
description: 12 pages, latex, 1 simple figure attached at end (regular postscript)
Dynamical spin effects in the holographic light-front wavefunctions of light pseudoscalar mesons
Creators: name: Ahmady, Mohammad
name: Mondal, Chandan
name: Sandapen, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the importance of dynamical spin effects in the holographic light-front wavefunctions of the pion, kaon, $η$ and $η^\prime$. Using a universal AdS/QCD scale and constituent quark masses, we find that such effects are maximal in the pion where they lead to an excellent simultaneous description of a wide range of data: the decay constant, charge radius, spacelike EM and transition form factors, as well as, after QCD evolution, both the parton distribution function and the parton distribution amplitude data from Fermilab. These dynamical spin effects lead up to a $30\%$ chance of finding the valence quark and antiquark with aligned spins in the pion. The situation is very different for the kaon, where a simultaneous description of the available data (decay constant, radius and spacelike EM form factor) prefer no dynamical spin effects at all. The situation is less clear for the $η$ and $η^\prime$: while their radiative decay widths data are consistent with dynamical spin effects only in $η^\prime$, the data on their spacelike transition form factors clearly favor maximal dynamical spin effects in both mesons.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, and 5 tables: Section III on condensates removed and references for spin structure added. Version accepted for publication in PRD
Reminiscences of Jerome New Frank, 1952
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lawyers
New Deal, 1933-1939
Practice of law

description: Education at the University of Chicago; law practice in Chicago and New York, N.Y., general counsel of Agricultural Adjustment Administration; National Recovery Administration; impressions of Henry A. Wallace, Chester Davis, George Peek, Rexford G. Tugwell, Harry Hopkins, Alger Hiss, and Hugh Johnson
Dark matter concentration in the galactic center
Creators: name: Tsiklauri, David
name: Viollier, Raoul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the matter concentration observed through stellar motion at the galactic center (Eckart & Genzel, 1997, MNRAS, 284, 576 and Genzel et al., 1996, ApJ, 472, 153) is consistent with a supermassive object of $2.5 \times 10^6$ solar masses composed of self-gravitating, degenerate heavy neutrinos, as an alternative to the black hole interpretation. According to the observational data, the lower bounds on possible neutrino masses are $m_ν\geq 12.0$ keV$/c^2$ for $g=2$ or $m_ν\geq 14.3$ keV$/c^2$ for $g=1$, where $g$ is the spin degeneracy factor. The advantage of this scenario is that it could naturally explain the low X-ray and gamma ray activity of Sgr A$^*$, i.e. the so called "blackness problem" of the galactic center.
description: ApJ, 500, 591 (1998), AASTEX, aasms4.sty, v2 reference added
Hollowness in $pp$ and $p \bar p$ scattering in a Regge model
Creators: name: Broniowski, Wojciech
name: Jenkovszky, László
name: Arriola, Enrique Ruiz
name: Szanyi, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proton-proton and proton-antiproton inelasticity profiles in the impact parameter display very interesting and sensitive features which cannot be deduced solely from the current large body of high-energy scattering data. In particular, phenomenological studies exhibit a link between the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the elastic scattering amplitude at a finite momentum transfer, and the corresponding change of character of the inelastic processes from central to peripheral collisions. We describe how a theoretical model, accommodating the existing data, based on the Regge hypothesis including both the Pomeron and odderon as double poles, and $ω$ and $f$ mesons as single poles in the complex-$J$ plane, generates a hollow in the inelasticity at low impact parameters. The hollowness effect, which generally may be sensitive to model details, does unequivocally take place both for $pp$ and $p \bar p$ collisions within the applied Regge framework, indicating inapplicability of inelasticity-folding geometric approaches.
description: Error propagation analysis added, updated references, 11 pages, 12 figures
Intrinsic timing jitter and latency in superconducting single photon nanowire detectors
Creators: name: Allmaras, Jason P.
name: Kozorezov, Alexander G.
name: Korzh, Boris A.
name: Berggren, Karl K.
name: Shaw, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the origin of the intrinsic timing jitter in superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) in terms of fluctuations in the latency of the detector response, which is determined by the microscopic physics of the photon detection process. We demonstrate that fluctuations in the physical parameters which determine the latency give rise to the intrinsic timing jitter. We develop a general description of latency by introducing the explicit time dependence of the internal detection efficiency. By considering the dynamic Fano fluctuations together with static spatial inhomogeneities, we study the details of the connection between latency and timing jitter. We develop both a simple phenomenological model and a more general microscopic model of detector latency and timing jitter based on the solution of the generalized time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations for the 1D hotbelt geometry. While the analytical model is sufficient for qualitative interpretation of recent data, the general approach establishes the framework for a quantitative analysis of detector latency and the fundamental limits of intrinsic timing jitter. These theoretical advances can be used to interpret the results of recent experiments measuring the dependence of detection latency and timing jitter on photon energy to the few-picosecond level.
RHOFI
Creators: name: NAUDIN Jean-Jacques
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2001

description: Etude 3D de la zone de dilution du Rhône à partir de 2 grilles de 24 stations espacées de 5 miles (carte jointe) en terme de courantométrie, hydrologie, biogéochime et biologie et dans le cadre de conditions de vent et de débit du Rhône bien identifiées. Etude de la diversité et de la distribution des populations microbiennes et zooplanctoniques en liaison avec les caractéristiques hydrologiques et les processus biogéochimiques de régénération et de consommation de l'azote et du carbone selon un gradient Est-Ouest de 6 stations. Le projet de rattachement est PNEC, Chantier Golfe du Lion.
In-silico design of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against onchocerciasis and related filarial diseases
Creators: name: Shey, Robert
name: Muyanui Manka'a Fri
name: Emmaculate Ntang Yaah
name: Cabirou Mounchili Shintouo
name: Neba, Derrick Nebangwa
name: Esoh, Kum Kevin
name: Ebai, Joel Nguve
name: Akwelle, Roland Ngwese
name: Nkemngo, Francis Nongley
name: Asa, Bertha Fru
name: Njume, Ferdinand Ngale
name: Vanhamme, Luc
name: Souopgui, Jacob
name: Ghogomu, Stephen Mbigha
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: This is work is focused on the rational design of an epitope-based vaccine for onchocerciasis. Onchocerciasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus which is transmitted by blackflies of the genus Simulium. The flies usually breed around fast-flowing streams, the reason why the disease is also called river blindness. Previous control strategies have focused on eliminating the vector through aerial sprays of riverine areas with insecticides or targetting the parasite through chemotherapeutic agents with ivermectin (IVM) being the mainstay to chemotherapy. Though IVM has helped in eliminating the disease in some countries in Central America, control measures in Africa have faced numerous challenges; from drug resistance, through severe adverse effects of the drug in cases of co-endemicity with loiasis, another parasitic disease.
Though the global health goal for onchocerciasis recently shifted from control to elimination, there has been a reiteration that onchocerciasis will not be eliminated using current tools. Vaccines which are the most cost-effective interventions in health systems have been proposed for onchocerciasis. The feasibility of protective immunity for onchocerciasis is based on hard evidence from humans and animal models. Several antigens have been tested in the context of vaccine development for onchocerciasis but none is at the moment commercialized due to limitation in the generated protective immunity.
This work is based on an immunoinformatics approach to the development of an epitope-based for onchocerciasis. This approach has been reported to offer the potential for more robust protective responses. Therefore 6 previously reported vaccine candidates were subjected to analyses for prediction of linear-B cells, CD4+ T epitopes, and CD8+ T cell epitopes based on the correlates of immune protection that have been reported. The predicted epitopes were fused using appropriate linkers and subjected to various analyses to predict allergenicity, antigenicity and other. The protein was also subject to an immune simulation to predict its immunogenicity.
Results indicated that the protein was more antigenic thank the protein candidates planned for clinical development, Ov-RAL-2, and Ov103. It was also predicted to be non-allergenic and simulated responses that correlated to protective immunity. This indicates that the designed protein candidate could be further investigated for vaccine development.
Chaos vs. Linear Instability in the Vlasov Equation: A Fractal Analysis Characterization
Creators: name: Atalmi, A.
name: Baldo, M.
name: Burgio, G. F.
name: Rapisarda, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we discuss the most recent results concerning the Vlasov dynamics inside the spinodal region. The chaotic behaviour which follows an initial regular evolution is characterized through the calculation of the fractal dimension of the distribution of the final modes excited. The ambiguous role of the largest Lyapunov exponent for unstable systems is also critically reviewed.
description: 10 pages, RevTeX, 4 figures not included but available upon request
Additional file 1 of Lactoferrin deficiency during lactation increases the risk of depressive-like behavior in adult mice
Creators: name: Wang, Wenli
name: Cheng, Zhimei
name: Wang, Xiong
name: An, Qin
name: Huang, Kunlun
name: Dai, Yunping
name: Meng, Qingyong
name: Zhang, Yali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Paneth cell numbers in the colon of 18-day-old mice and representative images of fluorescence red tartar yellow stained colonic sections. Fig. S2. Analysis of species difference at intestinal microbial genus level between DSS enteritis mice and normal mice. Fig. S3. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of immune related differential genes in 18-day-old mice small intestinal. Fig. S4. The abundance of phylm Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Desulfobacterota in 18-day-old mice, 9-week-old mice, DSS model mice and CUMS depression mice. Fig. S5. The abundance of Bifidobacterium in CUMS mice. Fig. S6. Expression of Cldn2 in the hippocampus RNAseq of 18-day-old mice. Fig. S7. Expression of genes encode FKBP5 and HSP70 in 18-day-old small intestinal RNAseq. Table. S1. The R value of Fig.2L. Table. S2. The P value of Fig.2L. Table. S3. The summary of gut microbiota results in our study. Table. S4. Chronic unpredictable mild stress schedule.
Kernera saxatilis Sweet
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Kernera
Kernera saxatilis

description: Cochlearia saxatilis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 648. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Helvetiae, Monspelii." RCN: 4661.
Basionym of: Myagrum saxatile (L.) L. (1759).
Lectotype (Kit Tan in Cafferty & Jarvis in Taxon 51: 533. 2002): Herb. Linn. No. 819.13 (LINN).
Current name: Kernera saxatilis (L.) Sweet (Brassicaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 431, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Physics of Active Emulsions
Creators: name: Weber, Christoph A.
name: Zwicker, David
name: Jülicher, Frank
name: Lee, Chiu Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase separating systems that are maintained away from thermodynamic equilibrium via molecular processes represent a class of active systems, which we call active emulsions. These systems are driven by external energy input for example provided by an external fuel reservoir. The external energy input gives rise to novel phenomena that are not present in passive systems. For instance, concentration gradients can spatially organise emulsions and cause novel droplet size distributions. Another example are active droplets that are subject to chemical reactions such that their nucleation and size can be controlled and they can spontaneously divide. In this review we discuss the physics of phase separation and emulsions and show how the concepts that governs such phenomena can be extended to capture the physics of active emulsions. This physics is relevant to the spatial organisation of the biochemistry in living cells, for the development novel applications in chemical engineering and models for the origin of life.
description: Review article about passive and active emulsions
The difference between the narrow line region of Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies
Creators: name: Schmitt, Henrique R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a comparative study of emission line ratios of the Narrow Line Region (NLR) of Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies. It includes a literature compilation of the emission line fluxes [OII]3727A, [NeIII]3869A, [OIII]5007A and [NeV]3426A, as well as 60mum continuum flux, for a sample of 52 Seyfert 1's and 68 Seyfert 2's. The distribution of the emission line ratios [OII]/[NeIII] and [OII]/[NeV] shows that Seyfert 1's and Seyfert 2's are statistically different, in the sense that Seyfert 1's have values smaller than those of Seyfert 2's, indicating a higher excitation spectrum. These and other emission line ratios are compared with sequences of models which combine different proportions of matter and ionization bounded clouds and also sequences of models which vary only the ionization parameter. This comparison shows that the former models reproduce better the overall distribution of emission line ratios, indicating that Seyfert 1's have a smaller number of ionization bounded clouds than Seyfert 2's. This difference, together with other results available in the literature, are interpreted from the point of view of four different scenarios. The most likely scenario assumes that Seyfert 1's have NLR's smaller than those of Seyfert 2's, possibly due to a preferential alignment of the torus axis close to the host galaxy plane axis in Seyfert 1's.
description: 13 pages, 9 postscript figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Statistical Properties of Fermionic Molecular Dynamics
Creators: name: Schnack, J.
name: Feldmeier, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical properties of Fermionic Molecular Dynamics are studied. It is shown that, although the centroids of the single--particle wave--packets follow classical trajectories in the case of a harmonic oscillator potential, the equilibrium properties of the system are the quantum mechanical ones. A system of weakly interacting fermions as well as of distinguishable particles is found to be ergodic and the time--averaged occupation probabilities approach the quantum canonical ones of Fermi--Dirac and Boltzmann statistics, respectively.
description: 16 pages, several postscript figures, uses 'epsfig.sty'. More information is available at http://www.gsi.de/~schnack/fmd.html