cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gravitational Waves From Dark Sectors, Oscillating Inflatons, and Mass Boosted Dark Matter
Creators: name: Bhoonah, Amit
name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Nerval, Simran
name: Song, Ningqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves signatures from dynamical scalar field configurations provide a compelling observational window on the early universe. Here we identify intriguing connections between dark matter and scalars fields that emit gravitational waves, either through a first order phase transition or oscillating after inflation. To study gravitational waves from first order phase transitions, we investigate a simplified model consisting of a heavy scalar coupled to a vector and fermion field. We then compute gravitational wave spectra sourced by inflaton field configurations oscillating after E-Model and T-Model inflation. Some of these gravitational wave signatures can be uncovered by the future Big Bang Observatory, although in general we find that MHz-GHz frequency gravitational wave sensitivity will be critical for discovering the heaviest dark sectors. Intriguingly, we find that scalars undergoing phase transitions, along with E-Model and T-Model potentials, can impel a late-time dark matter mass boost and generate up to Planck mass dark matter. For phase transitions and oscillating inflatons, the largest dark matter mass boosts correspond to higher amplitude stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds.
description: Manuscript updated to reflect published version
Realization of Heavy Local Fermi Liquid and Non-Fermi Liquid in f$^2$ Crystalline-Electric-Field Singlet-Triplet Configuration
Creators: name: Hattori, Kazumasa
name: Miyake, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the numerical renormalization group method, we investigate an extended Anderson model, in which correlated electrons with the $Γ_1$(singlet)-$\Gamma4$(triplet) f$^2$ crystalline-electric-field (CEF) configuration hybridize with conduction electrons of $Γ_7$(doublet) and $Γ_8$ (quartet) under cubic $O_h$ symmetry, from a strong spin-orbit interaction limit. For the case of the parameters relevant to PrFe4P12, the system is under competition between the CEF singlet fixed point and the multichannel Kondo non-Fermi liquid fixed point arising from the quadrupolar coupling between the impurity with pseudospin 1 and the conduction electron with pseudospin 3/2 . We consider that this result reveals the origin of the heaviness of the effective mass and non-Fermi liquid behavior of the Pr- based filled skutterudite compounds.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Perspektywy sprzedaży ekologicznych owoców i warzyw w Lublinie w świetle opinii detalistów
PROSPECTS TO THE SALE OF ORGANIC FRUIT AND VEGETABLES IN LUBLIN IN THE OPINION OF RETAILERS
Creators: name: Pawlak, Joanna
name: Paszko, Dariusz
name: Wróblewska, Wioletta
name: Pawlak, Joanna
name: Paszko, Dariusz
name: Wróblewska, Wioletta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: ekologiczne owoce i warzywa
subject: sprzedaż detaliczna

description: The study identified prospects to the sale of organic fruits and vegetables in the opinion of retailers on the example of the city of Lublin. The study was conducted in 50 retail stores including organic food, “Healthy food”, fruit and vegetables as well as grocery shops and market stalls. More than half of the respondents (retailers) believe that the sales of organic fruits and vegetables will increase in the next years in Lublin. The most important factors conditioning the sales growth of organic fruits and vegetables in the opinion of Lublin retailers were: price reduction and broadening the scope of promotion campaigns. According to retailers, the greatest obstacle to the growth of retail sales of organic fruits and vegetables in shop is limited availability of these products.
PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS & NOVEL BIOMARKERS IN FIBROMYALGIA
Creators: name: Okoye, Tricia
name: Silverman, Rosalind
name: Silverman, Lorelei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320905
subject: Neurology and neuromuscular diseases
classificationCode: 320903
subject: Central nervous system
classificationCode: 320906
subject: Peripheral nervous system
classificationCode: 320902
subject: Cellular nervous system

description: Fibromyalgia imposes significant economic, global, and mental health burdens worldwide. This condition also presents a diagnostic challenge due to its overlapping symptoms that mimic those of various musculoskeletal, rheumatological, and psychiatric conditions, leading to controversies surrounding its nature, definition, and diagnosis. As its diagnosis relies on clinical judgment, treatment remains primarily symptomatic. This study aims to address this challenge by exploring avenues for earlier detection, enhanced diagnosis, and advanced treatment of fibromyalgia through biomarkers discovery, aiming to alleviate the burdens associated with the condition.Our research systematically investigates fibromyalgia-related proteomics, employing bioinformatics tools such as STRING, PANTHER, and the Human Protein Atlas to unveil proteins associated with the disease, focusing on BDNF. The analysis has revealed compelling biomarker findings that hold the potential to facilitate earlier detection, improve management, and enhance the prognosis of fibromyalgia. This article underscores the importance of robust research integrating these discoveries to establish validated and reproducible diagnostic tools. Such tools can play a crucial role in mitigating its social, economic, and health impacts, thereby contributing to a more productive approach to the challenges posed by this disease.
Physics-informed learning of governing equations from scarce data
Creators: name: Chen, Zhao
name: Liu, Yang
name: Sun, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harnessing data to discover the underlying governing laws or equations that describe the behavior of complex physical systems can significantly advance our modeling, simulation and understanding of such systems in various science and engineering disciplines. This work introduces a novel physics-informed deep learning framework to discover governing partial differential equations (PDEs) from scarce and noisy data for nonlinear spatiotemporal systems. In particular, this approach seamlessly integrates the strengths of deep neural networks for rich representation learning, physics embedding, automatic differentiation and sparse regression to (1) approximate the solution of system variables, (2) compute essential derivatives, as well as (3) identify the key derivative terms and parameters that form the structure and explicit expression of the PDEs. The efficacy and robustness of this method are demonstrated, both numerically and experimentally, on discovering a variety of PDE systems with different levels of data scarcity and noise accounting for different initial/boundary conditions. The resulting computational framework shows the potential for closed-form model discovery in practical applications where large and accurate datasets are intractable to capture.
description: 46 pages; 1 table, 6 figures and 3 extended data figures in main text; 2 tables and 12 figures in supplementary information
The angular power spectrum of NVSS radio galaxies
Creators: name: Blake, Chris
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
name: Borrill, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the angular power spectrum of radio galaxies in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) using two independent methods: direct spherical harmonic analysis and maximum likelihood estimation. The results are consistent and can be understood using models for the spatial matter power spectrum and for the redshift distribution of radio galaxies at mJy flux-density levels. A good fit to the angular power spectrum can only be achieved if radio galaxies possess high bias with respect to mass fluctuations; by marginalizing over the other parameters of the model we derive a 68% confidence interval 1.53 < b_0 sigma_8 < 1.87, where b_0 is the linear bias factor for radio galaxies and sigma_8 describes the normalization of the matter power spectrum. Our models indicate that the majority of the signal in the NVSS angular power spectrum is generated at low redshifts. Individual redshifts for the NVSS sources are thus required to alleviate projection effects and probe directly the matter power spectrum on large scales.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplemental Material and methods from Allocation of gene products to daughter cells is determined by the age of the mother in single Escherichia coli cells
Creators: name: Shi, Chao
name: Chao, Lin
name: Proenca, Audrey Menegaz
name: Qiu, Andrew
name: Chao, Jasper
name: Rang, Camilla U.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Deconvolution of fluorescence images
Morphology and ecological setting of the basal echinoid genus Rhenechinus from the early Devonian of Spain and Germany
Creators: name: Smith, Andrew
name: Reich, Mike
name: Zamora, Samuel
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2012

description: ased on new material from Germany and Spain, the echinoid “Lepidocentrus” ibericus from the Early Devonian (Emsian) of northern Spain is shown to be congeneric with Rhenechinus from the Hunsrück Slate of south−western Germany. New information on the lantern, pedicellariae and internal structure of the theca is provided, and confirms this genus as a member of the Echinocystitidae–Proterocidaridae clade and the most primitive of all Devonian echinoids. The two environmental settings in which Rhenechinus is found are very different: the Spanish specimens come from a relatively shallow−water bryozoan meadow setting while the German specimens are preserved in a deep−water setting. We deduce that the rare echinoid specimens from the Hunsrück Slate are all allochthonous, whereas the Spanish material is preserved in situ.
Local correlations in a strongly interacting 1D Bose gas
Creators: name: Gangardt, D. M.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytical method for calculating local correlations in strongly interacting 1D Bose gases, based on the exactly solvable Lieb-Liniger model. The results are obtained at zero and finite temperatures. They describe the interaction-induced reduction of local many-body correlation functions and can be used for achieving and identifying the strong-coupling Tonks-Girardeau regime in experiments with cold Bose gases in the 1D regime.
description: 8 pages, REVTeX4, published in the New Journal of Physics
Coherence scale of the two-dimensional Kondo Lattice model
Creators: name: Assaad, F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A doped hole in the two-dimensional half-filled Kondo lattice model with exchange J and hopping t has momentum (pi,pi) irrespective of the coupling J/t. The quasiparticle residue of the doped hole, Z_{(π, π)}, tracks the Kondo scale, T_K, of the corresponding single impurity model. Those results stem from high precision quantum Monte Carlo simulations on lattices up to 12 X 12. Accounting for small dopings away from half-filling within a rigid band approximation, this result implies that the effective mass of the charge carriers at the Fermi level tracks 1/T_K or equivalently that the coherence temperature T_{coh} \propto T_K. This results is consistent with the large-N saddle point of the SU(N) symmetric Kondo lattice model.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Higher subsoil carbon storage in species-rich than species-poor temperate forests
Creators: name: Schleuß, Per-Marten
name: Heitkamp, Felix
name: Leuschner, Christoph
name: Fender, Ann-Catrin
name: Jungkunst, Hermann F.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2014

description: Forest soils contribute ca. 70% to the global soil organic carbon (SOC) pool and thus are an important element of the global carbon cycle. Forests also harbour a large part of the global terrestrial biodiversity. It is not clear, however, whether tree species diversity affects SOC. By measuring the carbon concentration of different soil particle size fractions separately, we were able to distinguish between effects of fine particle content and tree species composition on the SOC pool in oldgrowth broadleaved forest plots along a tree diversity gradient (1, 3and 5species). Variation in clay content explained part of the observed SOC increase from monospecific to mixed forests, but we show that the carbon concentration per unit clay or fine silt in the subsoil was by 30–35% higher in mixed than monospecific stands indicating a significant species identity or species diversity effect on C stabilization. Underlying causes may be differences in fine root biomass and turnover, in leaf litter decomposition rate among the tree species, and/or speciesspecific rhizosphere effects on soil. Our findings may have important implications for forestry offering management options through preference of mixed stands that could increase forest SOC pools and mitigate climate warming.
description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2014
Wartość produkcji ziemniaków jadalnych w zależności od rodzaju nawożenia naturalnego i organicznego
PRODUCTION VALUE OF TABLE POTATOES AS AFFECTED BY TYPE OF NATURAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZATION
Creators: name: Płaza, Anna
name: Makarewicz, Artur
name: Gąsiorowska, Barbara
name: Cybulska, Anna
name: Płaza, Anna
name: Makarewicz, Artur
name: Gąsiorowska, Barbara
name: Cybulska, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: ziemniaki
subject: nawożenie
subject: plon
subject: wartość produkcji
subject: bezpośrednie koszty produkcji
subject: nadwyżka bezpośrednia

description: The paper is based on field research conducted in 2007-2010 at the Zawady Experimental Farm which owned by Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of manuring with undersown catch crops on yields and cultivation profitability of table potato as compared to farmyard manure. The total yield of potato tubers were determined at harvest. In addition, production value, direct production cost and gross margin were calculated. The study determined that highest potato tuber yields were harvested from persian clover/westerwolds ryegrass-manured plots. Also yields of persian clover-manured potato tubers differ significantly from yield harvest from farmyard manure-treated plots. The higherst production value was obtained when table potato cultivation included manuring with persian clover or a persian clover/westerwolds ryegrass mixture.
Eigenproblem for Jacobi matrices: hypergeometric series solution
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Vadim B.
name: Sklyanin, Evgeny K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58F07

description: We study the perturbative power-series expansions of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a general tridiagonal (Jacobi) matrix of dimension d. The(small) expansion parameters are being the entries of the two diagonals of length d-1 sandwiching the principal diagonal, which gives the unperturbed spectrum. The solution is found explicitly in terms of multivariable (Horn-type) hypergeometric series of 3d-5 variables in the generic case, or 2d-3 variables for the eigenvalue growing from a corner matrix element. To derive the result, we first rewrite the spectral problem for a Jacobi matrix as an equivalent system of cubic equations, which are then resolved by the application of the multivariable Lagrange inversion formula. The corresponding Jacobi determinant is calculated explicitly. Explicit formulae are also found for any monomial composed of eigenvector's components.
description: Latex, 20 pages; v2: corrected typos, added section with examples
Unconventional Superconductivity and Electron Correlations in Cobalt Oxyhydrate Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_{2}$$\cdot y$H$_{2}$O
Creators: name: Fujimoto, T.
name: Zheng, G. -q.
name: Kitaoka, Y.
name: Meng, R. L.
name: Cmaidalka, J.
name: Chu, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a precise $^{59}$Co nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) measurement on the recently discovered cobalt oxyhydrate Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_{2}$$\cdot y$H$_{2}$O superconductor from $T$=40 K down to 0.2 K. We find that in the normal state the spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_1$ follows a Curie-Weiss type temperature ($T$) variation, $1/T_1T=C/(T-θ)$, with $θ$=-42 K, suggesting two-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin correlations. Below $T_c$=3.9 K, $1/T_1$ decreases with no coherence peak and follows a $T^n$ dependence with $n\simeq$2.2 down to $\sim$2.0 K but crosses over to a $1/T_1\propto T$ variation below $T$=1.4 K, which suggests non s-wave superconductivity. The data in the superconducting state are most consistent with the existence of line nodes in the gap function.
description: submitted for publication in June '03
Cutting cakes and kissing circles
Creators: name: Müller-Hermes, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To divide a cake into equal sized pieces most people use a knife and a mixture of luck and dexterity. These attempts are often met with varying success. Through precise geometric constructions performed with the knife replacing Euclid's straightedge and without using a compass we find methods for solving certain cake-cutting problems exactly. Since it is impossible to exactly bisect a circular cake when its center is not known, our constructions need to use multiple cakes. Using three circular cakes we present a simple method for bisecting each of them or to find their centers. Moreover, given a cake with marked center we present methods to cut it into n pieces of equal size for n=3,4 and 6. Our methods are based upon constructions by Steiner and Cauer from the 19th and early 20th century.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Simplified proof of main result
Zmiany sytuacji demograficznej województwa podkarpackiego w latach 2004-2014
CHANGES IN DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION OF PODKARPACKIE PROVINCE IN THE YEARS 2004-2014
Creators: name: Pomianek, Iwona
name: Pomianek, Iwona
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: gminy
subject: potencjał demograficzny
subject: rozwój lokalny

description: The article presents the characteristics of changes in the demographic situation in the communes of Podkarpackie Province in the years 2004-2014, using Hellwig’s measure of development. Problem areas include poviats: brzozowski, lubaczowski, strzyżowski and leski, where a significant share of the communes remained in classes of low or very low demographic potential. Areas with very high and high demographic potential were concentrated mostly near the area of the Special Economic Zone Euro-Park Mielec, including the cities of Rzeszów, Mielec, Dębica and Jarosław as well as near Jasło and Przemyśl.
Local Heavy Quasiparticle in Four-Level Kondo Model
Creators: name: Hattori, Kazumasa
name: Hirayama, Yosuke
name: Miyake, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An impurity four-level Kondo model, in which an ion is tunneling among 4-stable points and interacting with surrounding conduction electrons, is investigated using both perturbative and numerical renormalization group methods. The results of numerical renormalization group studies show that it is possible to construct the ground state wavefunction including the excited ion states if we take into account the interaction between the conduction electrons and the ion. The resultant effective mass of quasiparticles is moderately enhanced. This result offers a good explanation for the enhanced and magnetically robust Sommerfeld coefficient observed in SmOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$, some other filled-skutterudites, and clathrate compounds.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Added references and "Note added"
Topological electronic structure and Weyl points in nonsymmorphic hexagonal materials
Creators: name: González-Hernández, Rafael
name: Tuiran, Erick
name: Uribe, Bernardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using topological band theory analysis we show that the nonsymmorphic symmetry operations in hexagonal lattices enforce Weyl points at the screw-invariant high-symmetry lines of the band structure. The corepresentation theory and connectivity group theory show that Weyl points are generated by band crossings in accordion-like and hourglass-like dispersion relations. These Weyl points are stable against weak perturbations and are protected by the screw rotation symmetry. Based on first-principles calculations we found a complete agreement between the topological predicted energy dispersion relations and real hexagonal materials. Topological charge (chirality) and Berry curvature calculations show the simultaneous formation of Weyl points and nodal-lines in 4d transition-metal trifluorides such as AgF3 and AuF3. Furthermore, a large intrinsic spin-Hall conductivity was found due to the combined strong spin-orbit coupling and multiple Weyl-point crossings in the electronic structure. These materials could be used to the spin/charge conversion in more energy-efficient spintronic devices.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Stability assessment of sandstones from the St. Servatius Church in Quedlinburg (UNESCO’s World Heritage Site, Germany)
Creators: name: Siegesmund, S.
name: Friedel, C.-H.
name: Vogel, J.
name: Mosch, S.
name: Naumann, D.
name: Peter, A.
name: Giesen, H.
Publisher: name: Springer-Verlag
Year: 2010

description: The St. Servatius Church in Quedlinburg (UNESCO’s World Heritage Site, Germany) is characterised by long-standing stability problems and structural damages, which have been known over the last several centuries. The monotonous Cretaceous sandstone with its poor lithification is considered to be the main factor. The sandstone is characterised by a high porosity of around 30 Vol.% (max. ca. 35 Vol.%) and a corresponding high w-value. The porosity and the degree of cementation are responsible for the very low compressive strength of around 8 MPa at maximum, whereas under moisture these values are significantly reduced up to 40%. The freeze–thaw tests indicate a very poor resistance to frost weathering, which may explain the near-surface softening of the sandstone. Direct shear experiments with an approximate 60° angle of friction on the sandstone clearly demonstrate the safety margins. Initial geotechnical modelling does not favour the hypothesis that a landslide of the hill parallel to the southward dipping bedding planes (i.e. shear failure along weak zones) can occur. A prominent clay layer (also with a southward dip) below the entire castle hill is monitored to determine the possible amount of movement with respect to the geological discontinuities (e.g. joints, fractures). At present, a combination of foundation problems are being considered for the stability situation at the church. These include construction deficiencies due to deformation or softening of the foundation of the forerunner churches and missing or faulty connections from building additions. Geological factors responsible for the stability problems include the softening of the sandstone by the influence of weathering and penetrating water as well as the presence of possible shear planes and joints.
Hoiho tracking: 21 January - 20 February 2020
Creators: name: Mattern, Thomas
name: Young, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)
subject: Marine Biology

description: Tracking of hoiho during the post-guard stage had ended in mid-February. In this report we present the data that was recorded at Long Point, Catlins and Papanui Beach, Otago Peninsula; additionally, we provide an update on obtained dive data from a hoiho that was tracked via satellite in winter 2019. Two post-guard birds from Oamaru have been fitted with devices that transmit data through the cell phone network; however, recovery of these devices is still pending, we will report on these data in March. In the Catlins, four penguins from two active nests in Seal Bay, Long Point were successfully tracked in early January 2020 using GPS dive loggers. GPS data show that the sea regions to the Southeast of Long Point play an important role for the penguins. Diving behaviour in all birds showed substantial pelagic activity suggesting favourable mid-water foraging conditions. This may be related to the prevailing lower than average ocean temperatures this season creating massive swarms or Munida and krill. Similarly, five hoiho tracked in late January at Papanui Beach, Otago Peninsula showed some affinity for pelagic foraging. This behaviour was unrelated to the sea regions visited suggesting a patchy distribution of mid-water prey as it is common in swarming or schooling species. Foraging directions were somewhat variable although three of the five birds foraged in a distinct region stretching northeast from Papanui. The deepest dive – 129.1 m – recorded in hoiho from the Otago Peninsula has occurred during these deployments.
NMR-based gap behavior related to the quantum size effect
Creators: name: Okuno, Tomonori
name: Manago, Masahiro
name: Kitagawa, Shunsaku
name: Ishida, Kenji
name: Kusada, Kohei
name: Kitagawa, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted$^{195}$Pt-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on various-diameter Pt nanoparticles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone in order to detect the quantum size effect and the discrete energy levels in the electron density of states, both of which were predicted by Kubo more than 50 years ago. We succeeded in separating the signals arising from the surface and interior regions and found that the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates in both regions show the metallic behavior at high temperatures. Surprisingly, the magnetic fluctuations in both regions exhibited anomalous behavior below the same temperature $T^*$, which points to a clear size dependence and is well scaled with $δ_\mathrm{Kubo}$. These results suggest that a size-tunable metal-insulator transition occurs in the Pt nanoparticles as a result of the Kubo effect.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, including supplemental materials, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B as a Rapid Communication
Hoiho tracking: 21 February - 20 March 2020
Creators: name: Mattern, Thomas
name: Young, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: 60205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)
subject: Marine Biology

description: Here we report on tracking data recorded during the pre-moult period of hoiho from North Otago and the Catlins. At Bushy Beach, we used novel GSM loggers that submit data frequently via the mobile phone network. As these units are equipped with solar panels, long term deployments are possible. Two non-breeding male penguins from Bushy Beach were fitted with these devices. At Bobby’s Head/Tavora and Haywards Point in the Catlins, the standard AxyTrek GPS dive loggers were used on four additional birds. At all sites, penguins showed foraging ranges the are comparable to those recorded during breeding. Foraging ranges seldom exceeded 20 km. Interestingly, all birds showed primarily benthic foraging behaviour. This stands in contrast to the data that was recorded between November 2019 and January 2020 when several birds were found to also forage pelagically. This could be an indication that the sea conditions which facilitated pelagic foraging have subsided so that the penguins have now reverted to a benthic foraging strategy that is common in hoiho from the mainland. Judging from the weights of the birds at the end of the device deployments (6+ kg) foraging success remains high despite this change in strategy.
Quantum Entangled-Probe Scattering Theory
Creators: name: Irfan, Abu Ashik Md
name: Blackstone, Patrick
name: Pynn, Roger
name: Ortiz, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an entangled-probe scattering theory, including quantum detection, that extends the scope of standard scattering approaches. We argue that these probes may be revolutionary in studying entangled matter such as unconventional phases of strongly correlated systems. Our presentation focuses on a neutron beam probe that is mode-entangled in spin and path as is experimentally realized in [1], although similar ideas also apply to photon probes. We generalize the traditional van Hove theory [2] whereby the response is written as a properly-crafted combination of two-point correlation functions. Tuning the probe's entanglement length allows us to interrogate spatial scales of interest by analyzing interference patterns in the differential cross-section. Remarkably, for a spin dimer target we find that the typical Young-like interference pattern observed if the target state is un-entangled gets quantum erased when that state becomes maximally entangled.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Published in New Journal of Physics
Children with atypical phonological development : assessment profiles and rates of change
Creators: name: Erickson, Kristin Heather
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Children with protracted phonological development (PPD) require an assessment that reflects factors associated with their speech delay, in order to formulate maximally effective intervention goals. This study examined issues relating to the assessment and classification of children with PPD, as having a perceptual or motoric basis, and factors or patterns of performance that might be predictive of severity or change in PPD. Thirteen English-speaking preschool children (4;0 to 5;6) with moderate to severe PPD participated in this study. All children had normal oral structures, hearing and vocabulary comprehension. Data were collected in an initial assessment and again 3-5 months later. Tasks at assessment included the Computerized Articulation and Phonology Evaluation System (CAPES, Masterson & Bernhardt, 2001), the Speech Assessment and Interactive Learning System (SAILS, AVAAZ, 1994) perceptual test, the Prereading Inventory of Phonological Awareness (PIPA , Dodd, Crosbie, Mcintosh, Teitzel & Ozanne, 2003), maximum performance tasks (MPTs) using monosyllabic and trisyllabic sequences, and the gross and fine motor subscales from the Child Development Inventory (CDI, Ireton,1992) parent questionnaire. The follow-up assessment consisted of CAPES, a subset of SAILS, a selection of MPTs, and a parent version of the Speech Participation and Activity of Children (SPAA-C, McLeod, 2004) questionnaire. At follow-up, all children showed improvement in phonology. Analysis of the initial assessment tasks did not clearly reveal motoric or perceptual bases for the PPD or factors that were predictive of gain in phonology 3-5 months later. Descriptive comparisons of children's performance patterns on the initial assessment tasks suggested that phonemic perception might be correlated to severity and/or change in phonology.
Natural variability or anthropogenically-induced variation? Insights from 15 years of multidisciplinary observations at the arctic marine LTER site HAUSGARTEN
Creators: name: Soltwedel, Thomas
name: Bauerfeind, Eduard
name: Bergmann, Melanie
name: Bracher, Astrid
name: Budaeva, Nataliya
name: Busch, Kathrin
name: Cherkasheva, Alexandra
name: Fahl, Kirsten
name: Grzelak, Katarzyna
name: Hasemann, Christiane
name: Jacob, Marianne
name: Kraft, Angelina
name: Lalande, Catherine
name: Metfies, Katja
name: Nöthig, Eva-Maria
name: Meyer, Kirstin
name: Quéric, Nadia-Valérie
name: Schewe, Ingo
name: Włodarska-Kowalczuk, Maria
name: Klages, Michael
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2016

description: Time-series studies of arctic marine ecosystems are rare. This is not surprising since polar regions arelargely only accessible by means of expensive modern infrastructure and instrumentation. In 1999, theAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) established the LTER(Long-Term Ecological Research) observatory HAUSGARTEN crossing the Fram Strait at about 79◦N.Multidisciplinary investigations covering all parts of the open-ocean ecosystem are carried out at a totalof 21 permanent sampling sites in water depths ranging between 250 and 5500 m. From the outset,repeated sampling in the water column and at the deep seafloor during regular expeditions in summermonths was complemented by continuous year-round sampling and sensing using autonomous instru-ments in anchored devices (i.e., moorings and free-falling systems). The central HAUSGARTEN stationat 2500 m water depth in the eastern Fram Strait serves as an experimental area for unique biologicalin situ experiments at the seafloor, simulating various scenarios in changing environmental settings.Long-term ecological research at the HAUSGARTEN observatory revealed a number of interesting tem-poral trends in numerous biological variables from the pelagic system to the deep seafloor. Contrary tocommon intuition, the entire ecosystem responded exceptionally fast to environmental changes in theupper water column. Major variations were associated with a Warm-Water-Anomaly evident in sur-face waters in eastern parts of the Fram Strait between 2005 and 2008. However, even after 15 years ofintense time-series work at HAUSGARTEN, we cannot yet predict with complete certainty whether thesetrends indicate lasting alterations due to anthropologically-induced global environmental changes of thesystem, or whether they reflect natural variability on multiyear time-scales, for example, in relation todecadal oscillatory atmospheric processes.
Hoiho tracking: 21 December 2019 - 20 January 2020
Creators: name: Mattern, Thomas
name: Young, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology

description: In late December 2019 the chick-guard phase of the current hoiho breeding season has come to an end. Throughout chick-guard, penguins from Bobby Head’s/Tavora and Aramoana in North Otago, Mahaka and Long Point in the Catlins, and the Bravo Group, Rakiura/Stewart Island have been successfully tracked with GPS dive loggers. A detailed account of the Rakiura data has been given in last month’s report. This report focuses on device deployments that occurred during the chick-guard stage along the various mainland sites. At Bobby’s Head/Tavora, three GPS dive loggers were deployed on birds from the only two active nests. One bird was re-deployed after a device it had been carrying proved to be malfunctioning. A total of 12 foraging trips were recorded during which both birds foraged towards the east and south east within a 10 km radius of the colony. Predominantly benthic dives were recorded. At Aramoana, one male and two females from active nests were fitted with devices and performed 17 foraging trips. One female exhibited varying foraging ranges and stayed within 10 km of the colony on some trips while foraging up to 30 km away on others. The longer trips brought the birds into the same region that was utilized during the non-breeding and incubation periods underlining the importance of the continental shelf region between Karitane and Shag Point for North Otago hoiho. The second female’s unit failed to record any GPS data; it was subsequently removed from our diminishing pool of reliably working devices. Only one nest is active at Mahaka. We managed to deploy a GPS dive logger on the female penguin and obtain tracking and dive data for one foraging trip during which the penguin foraged southeast to deeper waters some 16 km from the colony during which it mainly foraged pelagically at depths around 60m. At Long Point, penguins from the two nests in Seal Bay were fitted with GPS dive loggers and cameras in late November 2019. One bird preened off the camera while at sea, the other camera only recorded footage during the night. On the eight foraging trips recorded by the GPS dive loggers during chick-guard, the penguins tended to forage mainly to the South in an area also visited by the Mahaka bird. Benthic foraging at depths exceeding 100 m dominated their behaviour.
Radion Stabilization by Stringy Effects in General Relativity
Creators: name: Patil, Subodh P.
name: Brandenberger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of a gas of closed strings (treated quantum mechanically) on a background where one dimension is compactified on a circle. After we address the effects of a time dependent background on aspects of the string spectrum that concern us, we derive the energy-momentum tensor for a string gas and investigate the resulting space-time dynamics. We show that a variety of trajectories are possible for the radius of the compactified dimension, depending on the nature of the string gas, including a demonstration within the context of General Relativity (i.e. without a dilaton) of a solution where the radius of the extra dimension oscillates about the self-dual radius, without invoking matter that violates the various energy conditions. In particular, we find that in the case where the string gas is in thermal equilibrium, the radius of the compactified dimension dynamically stabilizes at the self-dual radius, after which a period of usual Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology of the three uncompactified dimensions can set in. We show that our radion stabilization mechanism requires a stringy realization of inflation as scalar field driven inflation invalidates our mechanism. We also show that our stabilization mechanism is consistent with observational bounds.
description: New section on the phenomonological implications of and bound on the model has been added
Detecting Black Hole Occultations by Stars with Space Interferometric Telescopes
Creators: name: Christian, Pierre
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the occultation of Sagittarius A* by stars can be detected with space-based or space-ground very-long-baseline-interferometers (SVLBIs), with an expected event rate that is high due to relativistic precession. We compute the tell-tale signal of an occultation event, and describe methods to flag non-occultation events that can masquerade as the signal.
description: Matches accepted version
Is the strong-interaction proton-proton scattering length renormalization scale dependent in effective field theory?
Creators: name: Gegelia, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the strong-interaction ${}^1S_0$ proton-proton scattering length in very low-energy effective field theory does not depend on the renormalization scale, if the electromagnetic interaction is "switched off" consistently.
description: 9 pages, no figures, ReVTEX 4
Steady-state visual evoked potentials and phase synchronization in migraine
Creators: name: Angelini, L.
name: De Tommaso, M.
name: Guido, M.
name: Hu, K.
name: Ivanov, P. Ch.
name: Marinazzo, D.
name: Nardulli, G.
name: Nitti, L.
name: Pellicoro, M.
name: Pierro, C.
name: Stramaglia, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate phase synchronization in EEG recordings from migraine patients. We use the analytic signal technique, based on the Hilbert transform, and find that migraine brains are characterized by enhanced alpha band phase synchronization in presence of visual stimuli. Our findings show that migraine patients have an overactive regulatory mechanism that renders them more sensitive to external stimuli.
description: 4 pages
A New Symmetric Expression of Weyl Ordering
Creators: name: Fujii, Kazuyuki
name: Suzuki, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the creation operator $\adag $ and the annihilation operator $a$ of a harmonic oscillator, we consider Weyl ordering expression of $(\adag a)^n$ and obtain a new symmetric expression of Weyl ordering w.r.t. $\adag a \equiv N$ and $a\adag =N+1$ where $N$ is the number operator. Moreover, we interpret intertwining formulas of various orderings in view of the difference theory. Then we find that the noncommutative parameter corresponds to the increment of the difference operator w.r.t. variable $N$. Therefore, quantum (noncommutative) calculations of harmonic oscillators are done by classical (commutative) ones of the number operator by using the difference theory. As a by-product, nontrivial relations including the Stirling number of the first kind are also obtained.
description: 15 pages, Latex2e, the title before replacement is "Orderings of Operators in Quantum Physics", new proofs by using a difference operator added, some references added, to appear in Modern Physics Letters A
Small scale controls of greenhouse gas release under elevated N deposition rates in a restoring peat bog in NW Germany
Creators: name: Glatzel, S.
name: Forbrich, I.
name: Krüger, C.
name: Lemke, S.
name: Gerold, G.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2008

description: In Central Europe, most bogs have a history of drainage and many of them are currently being restored. Success of restoration as well as greenhouse gas exchange of these bogs is influenced by environmental stress factors as drought and atmospheric nitrogen deposition. We determined the methane and nitrous oxide exchange of sites in the strongly decomposed center and less decomposed edge of the Pietzmoor bog in NW Germany in 2004. Also, we examined the methane and nitrous oxide exchange of mesocosms from the center and edge before, during, and following a drainage experiment as well as carbon dioxide release from disturbed unfertilized and nitrogen fertilized surface peat. In the field, methane fluxes ranged from 0 to 3.8 mgm−2 h−1 and were highest from hollows. Field nitrous oxide fluxes ranged from 0 to 574μgm−2 h−1 and were elevated at the edge. A large Eriophorum vaginatum tussock showed decreasing nitrous oxide release as the season progressed. Drainage of mesocosms decreased methane release to 0, even during rewetting. There was a tendency for a decrease of nitrous oxide release during drainage and for an increase in nitrous oxide release during rewetting. Nitrogen fertilization did not increase decomposition of surface peat. Our examinations suggest a competition between vascular vegetation and denitrifiers for excess nitrogen. We also provide evidence that the von Post humification index can be used to explain nitrous oxide release from bogs, if the role of vascular vegetation is also considered. An assessment of the greenhouse gas release from nitrogen saturated restoring bogs needs to take into account elevated release from fresh Sphagnum peat as well as from sedges growing on decomposed peat. Given the high atmospheric nitrogen deposition, restoration will not be able to achieve an oligotrophic ecosystem in the short term.
Hoiho tracking: 25 September - 21 October 2019
Creators: name: Mattern, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)
subject: Marine Biology

description: Field activities in the past month were limited to two more attempts to recover the last satellite tag as well as assisting with nest searches in Aramoana, Papanui and Mahaka. There have been not further satellite transmissions of the second Penguin Bay penguin since 18 September so that it can now be assumed that the device was lost. This also means that we will not be able to access the dive data allowing us to reconstruct the birds’ foraging movement more accurately than what can be gleaned from the satellite data (see September 2019 report). One bird at Aramoana was fitted with a GPS dive logger on 18 October 2019.
Ballet building
Creators: name: Font Palma, Guadalupe Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Dance and architecture have much in common; both involve the experiential movement of the human body through space, and both convey meaning through form. In ballet there are two kinds of meanings, the metaphorical and the literal, but the meanings are important as forms. In architecture, the forms are important when they respond to a use. In a ballet building, where the main use is the dance itself, how can the design of such a building be expressive of its function? How can ballet be analyzed and interpreted to give meaning to a building? Can architecture help to give new meanings to dance? Through the study and interpretation of the elements of ballet, this thesis explores the development of a language that links ballet and architecture and its application in the design methodology of a ballet building.
Covariance matrices of self-affine measures
Creators: name: Zajkowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 60A10

description: In this paper we derive a formula for a covariance matrix of any self-affine measure.
description: 6 pages