cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mixture effects of co-formulants and two plant protection products in a liver cell line
Creators: name: Feiertag, Katreece
name: Karaca, Mawien
name: Fischer, Benjamin
name: Heise, Tanja
name: Bloch, Denise
name: Opialla, Tobias
name: Tralau, Tewes
name: Kneuer, Carsten
name: Marx-Stoelting, Philip
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: mixture effects
plant protection product
liver toxicity
co-formulants
Cytochrome P450 enzymes

description: Plant protection products (PPPs) consist of one or more active substances and several co-formulants. Active substances provide the functionality of the PPP and are consequently evaluated according to standard test methods set by legal data requirements before approval, whereas co-formulants’ toxicity is not as comprehensively assessed. However, in some cases mixture effects of active substances and co-formulants might result in increased or different forms of toxicity. In a proof-of-concept study we hence built on previously published results of Zahn et al. (2018) on the mixture toxicity of Priori Xtra® and Adexar® to specifically investigate the influence of co-formulants on the toxicity of these commonly used fungicides. Products, their respective active substances in combination as well as some co-formulants were applied to human hepatoma cell line (HepaRG) in several dilutions. Cell viability analysis, mRNA expression, abundance of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and intracellular concentrations of active substances determined by LC-MS/MS analyses demonstrated that the toxicity of the PPPs is influenced by the presence of co-formulants in vitro. PPPs were more cytotoxic than the mix of their active substances. Gene expression profiles of cells treated with the PPPs were similar to those treated with their respective mixture combinations with marked differences. Co-formulants can cause gene expression changes on their own. LC-MS/MS analyses revealed higher intracellular concentrations of active substances in cells treated with PPPs compared to those treated with the respective active substances’ mix. Proteomic data showed co-formulants can induce ABC transporters and CYP enzymes. Co-formulants can contribute to the observed increased toxicity of PPPs compared to their active substances in combination due to kinetic interactions, necessitating a more comprehensive evaluation approach.
description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc221; ISSN 1611-2156
(102237) Catherine de Courey Simes Brooking
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Limit of vanishing regulator in the functional renormalization group
Creators: name: Baldazzi, Alessio
name: Percacci, Roberto
name: Zambelli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-perturbative functional renormalization group equation depends on the choice of a regulator function, whose main properties are a "coarse-graining scale" $k$ and an overall dimensionless amplitude $a$. In this paper we shall discuss the limit $a\to0$ with $k$ fixed. This limit is closely related to the pseudo-regulator that reproduces the beta functions of the $\overline{\text{MS}}\,$ scheme, that we studied in a previous paper. It is not suitable for precision calculations but it appears to be useful to eliminate the spurious breaking of symmetries by the regulator, both for nonlinear models and within the background field method.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Updated to match the published version
Implementation Framework for Open Knowledge Activities
Creators: name: Pata, Kai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open knowledge activities; public engagement; co-creation; co-design; evaluation; active participatory citizenship; design criteria; open data; knowledge creation

description: The document corresponds to O3A1 of the INOS Project. This framework elaborates the literature on how to conduct open knowledge activities, and particularly focuses on the organizational aspects of how to create open knowledge activities between the higher education institutions and external stakeholders engaging the wider public. The framework proposes the model for implementing, evaluating and reporting open knowledge activities in O3A2.
(102236) Thomas Jarman Cuff
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Transmission Failure Analysis of Multi-Protection Routing in Data Center Networks with Heterogeneous Edge-Core Servers
Creators: name: Li, Xiao-Yan
name: Lin, Wanling
name: Chang, Jou-Ming
name: Jia, Xiaohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recently proposed RCube network is a cube-based server-centric data center network (DCN), including two types of heterogeneous servers, called core and edge servers. Remarkably, it takes the latter as backup servers to deal with server failures and thus achieve high availability. This paper first points out that RCube is suitable as a candidate topology of DCNs for edge computing. Three transmission types are among core and edge servers based on the demand for applications' computation and instant response. We then employ protection routing to analyze the transmission failure of RCube DCNs. Unlike traditional protection routing, which only tolerates a single link or node failure, we use the multi-protection routing scheme to improve fault-tolerance capability. To configure a protection routing in a network, according to Tapolcai's suggestion, we need to construct two completely independent spanning trees (CISTs). A logic graph of RCube, denoted by $L$-$RCube(n,m,k)$, is a network with a recursive structure. Each basic building element consists of $n$ core servers and $m$ edge servers, where the order $k$ is the number of recursions applied in the structure. In this paper, we provide algorithms to construct $\min\{n,\lfloor(n+m)/2\rfloor\}$ CISTs in $L$-$RCube(n,m,k)$ for $n+m\geqslant 4$ and $n>1$. From a combination of the multiple CISTs, we can configure the desired multi-protection routing. In our simulation, we configure up to 10 protection routings for RCube DCNs. As far as we know, in past research, there were at most three protection routings developed in other network structures. Finally, we summarize some crucial analysis viewpoints about the transmission efficiency of DCNs with heterogeneous edge-core servers from the simulation results.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Embryonic Synthesis of the Inner Limiting Membrane and Vitreous Body
Creators: name: Dong, Sucai
name: Schurer, Barbara
name: Cole, Gregory
name: Ring, Colleen
name: Halfter, Willi
name: Eller, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: PURPOSE. The inner limiting membrane (ILM) and the vitreous body (VB) are major parts of the extracellular matrix of the eye. The present study was undertaken to investigate the synthesis and turnover of the ILM and VB in chick and human embryonic and postembryonic eye development. METHODS. The abundance of ILM and VB proteins was determined by Western blot analysis using samples from chick and human VB of different ages. The mRNA expression of the ILM proteins in lens was determined by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. RESULTS. Based on the abundance of mRNA expression, the prominent sources of ILM and VB proteins in chick eyes are the lens and ciliary body. In chick, ILM and VB matrix proteins were most abundant in embryonic VB, and their concentration declined precipitously after hatching. Most ILM and VB proteins were no longer detectable in the adult VB. In humans, a similar developmentally regulated expression of ILM and VB proteins in VB was detected: The highest concentrations of ILM and VB proteins were detected in fetal VB, the lowest in the adult VB. The decline in ILM and VB protein synthesis occurred within the first 2 years of life. CONCLUSIONS. The abundance of ILM and VB proteins in the embryonic VB, their sharp decline at postembryonic stages, and their very low abundance in the adult VB show that ILM and VB are assembled during embryogenesis and are maintained throughout life with minimum turnover.
(102232) Jane [Wilkinson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Computational Model of the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework
Creators: name: Montes, Nieves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework is a conceptual toolbox put forward by Elinor Ostrom and colleagues in an effort to identify and delineate the universal common variables that structure the immense variety of human interactions. The framework identifies rules as one of the core concepts to determine the structure of interactions, and acknowledges their potential to steer a community towards more beneficial and socially desirable outcomes. This work presents the first attempt to turn the IAD framework into a computational model to allow communities of agents to formally perform what-if analysis on a given rule configuration. To do so, we define the Action Situation Language -- or ASL -- whose syntax is hgighly tailored to the components of the IAD framework and that we use to write descriptions of social interactions. ASL is complemented by a game engine that generates its semantics as an extensive-form game. These models, then, can be analyzed with the standard tools of game theory to predict which outcomes are being most incentivized, and evaluated according to their socially relevant properties.
Differentially Empirical Risk Minimization under the Fairness Lens
Creators: name: Tran, Cuong
name: Dinh, My H.
name: Fioretto, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differential Privacy (DP) is an important privacy-enhancing technology for private machine learning systems. It allows to measure and bound the risk associated with an individual participation in a computation. However, it was recently observed that DP learning systems may exacerbate bias and unfairness for different groups of individuals. This paper builds on these important observations and sheds light on the causes of the disparate impacts arising in the problem of differentially private empirical risk minimization. It focuses on the accuracy disparity arising among groups of individuals in two well-studied DP learning methods: output perturbation and differentially private stochastic gradient descent. The paper analyzes which data and model properties are responsible for the disproportionate impacts, why these aspects are affecting different groups disproportionately and proposes guidelines to mitigate these effects. The proposed approach is evaluated on several datasets and settings.
description: Added publication info and funding support
Ocular Gene Transfer with Self-Complementary AAV Vectors
Creators: name: Zhang, H. Steve
name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Yokoi, Katsutoshi
name: Campochiaro, Peter
name: Spratt, S. Kaye
name: Gregory, Philip
name: Kachi, Shu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: PURPOSE. Self-complementary AAV (scAAV) vectors have been developed to circumvent rate-limiting second-strand synthesis in single-stranded AAV vector genomes and to facilitate robust transgene expression at a minimal dose. In this study, the authors investigated the effects of intraocular injections of type 2 scAAV.GFP in mice. METHODS. Dose-response experiments were performed to compare conventional single-strand AAV type 2 (ssAAV2) vectors with scAAV2 vectors encoding an identical expression cassette. RESULTS. Subretinal injection of 5 X 108viral particles (vp) of scAAV.CMV-GFP resulted in green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in almost all retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells within the area of the small detachment caused by the injection by 3 days and strong, diffuse expression by 7 days. Expression was strong in all retinal cell layers by days 14 and 28. In contrast, 3 days after subretinal injection of 5 X 108vp of ssAAV.CMV-GFP, GFP expression was detectable in few RPE cells. Moreover, the ssAAV vector required 14 days for the attainment of expression levels comparable to those observed using scAAV at day 3. Expression in photoreceptors was not detectable until day 28. Dose-response experiments confirmed that onset of GFP expression was more rapid and robust after subretinal injection of scAAV.CMV-GFP than of ssAAV.CMV-GFP, resulting in pronounced expression in photoreceptors and other retinal neurons. Similar results were obtained for intravitreous injections. CONCLUSIONS. These data suggest that scAAV vectors may be advantageous for ocular gene therapy, particularly in retinal diseases that require rapid and robust transgene expression in photoreceptor cells.
Ενιαίος ευρωπαϊκός χώρος : αποτίμηση, προοπτικές και προκλήσεις. Η περίπτωση των αερομεταφορών
Creators: name: Καλύβα, Μαρία-Δέσποινα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση
subject: Αερομεταφορές
subject: Ενιαίος ευρωπαϊκός χώρος
subject: Πρόγραμμα Sesar
subject: Αεροναυτιλία

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά την ολοκληρωμένη ενοποίηση του εναέριου χώρου της Ε.Ε. μέσω της πρωτοβουλίας του Ενιαίου Ευρωπαϊκού Ουρανού και του προγράμματος SESAR. Η μελέτη εμβαθύνει στα νομοθετικά και θεσμικά πλαίσια που στηρίζουν την εξέλιξη της Ε.Ε., αναδεικνύοντας τους κεντρικούς ρόλους των κρατών μελών και της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής. Η ενοποίηση της Ε.Ε. και του εναέριου χώρου των κρατών μελών της μπορεί να οδηγήσει στην αποκόμιση σπουδαίων οικονομικών ωφελειών, συμπεριλαμβανομένου του μειωμένου λειτουργικού κόστους για τις αεροπορικές εταιρείες και τη βελτίωση της ανταγωνιστικότητας της ευρωπαϊκής αεροπορικής βιομηχανίας. Επιπροσθέτως, η περιβαλλοντική βιωσιμότητα ενισχύεται μέσω βελτιστοποιημένων διαδρομών πτήσης και μείωσης των εκπομπών έχοντας σαν βάση τους στόχους της Πράσινης Συμφωνίας της ΕΕ. Η ενσωμάτωση ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών και λύσεων που βασίζονται σε δεδομένα στη διαχείριση του εναέριου χώρου προσδιορίζεται ως βασικός τομέας για μελλοντικές νομοθετικές πρωτοβουλίες, μαζί με την προώθηση βιώσιμων αεροπορικών καυσίμων και μέτρων ανθεκτικότητας έναντι των παγκόσμιων προκλήσεων που ανακύπτουν, Η μελέτη υπογραμμίζει τη σημασία της συνεχούς δέσμευσης και συνεργασίας για την αξιοποίηση του πλήρους δυναμικού του ενοποιημένου ευρωπαϊκού εναέριου χώρου, διασφαλίζοντας ένα βιώσιμο και ευημερούν μέλλον για την ήπειρο
(102231) Robert Wilkinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Η στρατηγική της Ελλάδας και της Τουρκίας και οι ελληνοτουρκικές σχέσεις στο πέρασμα των χρόνων
Creators: name: Κλειτσογιάννη, Ηλιάνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ελληνοτουρκικά
subject: Στρατηγική
subject: Ελλάδα
subject: Τουρκία
subject: Υφαλοκρηπίδα
subject: ΑΟΖ

description: Σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας είναι να εξετάσει τη στρατηγική της Ελλάδας και της Τουρκίας σχετικά με τις ελληνοτουρκικές σχέσεις στο πέρασμα των χρόνων. Στην προσπάθεια απάντησης του ερευνητικού της ερωτήματος χρησιμοποιούνται δευτερογενή ποιοτικά δεδομένα από ελληνόγλωσση και ξενόγλωσση βιβλιογραφία. Επιπλέον, χρησιμοποιούνται δευτερογενή ποσοτικά δεδομένα κυρίως από εκθέσεις του ελληνικού Υπουργείου Εξωτερικών. Αναλύεται το σύμπλεγμα των ελληνοτουρκικών διενέξεων με παρουσίαση των εκατέρωθεν επιχειρημάτων όπως έχουν διαμορφωθεί έως και σήμερα. Η παρουσίαση των διενέξεων γίνεται και παραστατικά με τη χρήση χαρτών, όπου αποτυπώνονται χωροταξικά οι διενέξεις σε όλο τους το φάσμα. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, γίνεται αναφορά στις διενέξεις σχετικά με την αιγιαλίτιδα ζώνη, τον εναέριο χώρο, το καθεστώς κυριαρχίας και αποστρατικοποίησης επί ορισμένων νησιών του Αιγαίου αλλά και τη νομική διαφορά περί οριοθέτησης της υφαλοκρηπίδας. Συμπεραίνεται πως, οι ελληνοτουρκικές διαφορές στο σύνολό τους ταλανίζουν τις διμερείς σχέσεις των χωρών ως αποτέλεσμα του ανταγωνισμού τους σχετικά με την κατανομή ισχύος τους στην περιοχή. Σε κάθε περίπτωση, όσο δεν επιλύονται, θα αποτελούν τροχοπέδη σε όποια συνεργασία, η οποία μέχρι τώρα όπως θα αποδειχθεί στην εργασία περιορίζεται σε μικρή οικονομική έκταση.
Demystifying Reachability in Vector Addition Systems
Creators: name: Leroux, Jérôme
name: Schmitz, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: More than 30 years after their inception, the decidability proofs for reachability in vector addition systems (VAS) still retain much of their mystery. These proofs rely crucially on a decomposition of runs successively refined by Mayr, Kosaraju, and Lambert, which appears rather magical, and for which no complexity upper bound is known. We first offer a justification for this decomposition technique, by showing that it computes the ideal decomposition of the set of runs, using the natural embedding relation between runs as well quasi ordering. In a second part, we apply recent results on the complexity of termination thanks to well quasi orders and well orders to obtain a cubic Ackermann upper bound for the decomposition algorithms, thus providing the first known upper bounds for general VAS reachability.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of LICS 2015
Predicted Light Scattering from Particles Observed in Human Age-Related Nuclear Cataracts Using Mie Scattering Theory
Creators: name: Johnsen, Sönke
name: Freel, Christopher
name: Costello, M. Joseph
name: Gilliland, Kurt
name: Fowler, W. Craig
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: PURPOSE. To employ Mie scattering theory to predict the light-scattering from micrometer-sized particles surrounded by lipid shells, called multilamellar bodies (MLBs), reported in human age-related nuclear cataracts. METHODS. Mie scattering theory is applicable to randomly distributed spherical and globular particles separated by distances much greater than the wavelength of incident light. With an assumed refractive index of 1.40 for nuclear cytoplasm, particle refractive indices from 1.33 to 1.58 were used to calculate scattering efficiencies for particle radii 0.05 to 3 μm and incident light with wavelengths (in vacuo) of 400, 550, and 700 nm. RESULTS. Surface plots of scattering efficiency versus particle radius and refractive index were calculated for coated spherical particles. Pronounced peaks and valleys identified combinations of particle parameters that produce high and low scattering efficiencies. Small particles (<0.3 μm radius) had low scattering efficiency over a wide range of particle refractive indices. Particles with radii 0.6 to 3 μm and refractive indices 0.08 to 0.10 greater (or less) than the surrounding cytoplasm had very high scattering efficiencies. This size range corresponds well to MLBs in cataractous nuclei (average MLB radius, 1.4 μm) and, at an estimated 4000 particles/mm3of tissue, up to 18% of the incident light was scattered primarily within a 20° forward cone. CONCLUSIONS. The calculated size of spherical particles that scatter efficiently was close to the observed dimensions of MLBs in cataractous nuclei. Particle refractive indices only 0.02 units different from the surrounding cytoplasm scatter a significant amount of light. These results suggest that the MLBs observed in human age-related nuclear cataracts may be major sources of forward light scattering that reduces contrast of fine details, particularly under dim light.
AdaptOver: Adaptive Overshadowing Attacks in Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Erni, Simon
name: Kotuliak, Martin
name: Leu, Patrick
name: Roeschlin, Marc
name: Capkun, Srdjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In cellular networks, attacks on the communication link between a mobile device and the core network significantly impact privacy and availability. Up until now, fake base stations have been required to execute such attacks. Since they require a continuously high output power to attract victims, they are limited in range and can be easily detected both by operators and dedicated apps on users' smartphones. This paper introduces AdaptOver - a MITM attack system designed for cellular networks, specifically for LTE and 5G-NSA. AdaptOver allows an adversary to decode, overshadow (replace) and inject arbitrary messages over the air in either direction between the network and the mobile device. Using overshadowing, AdaptOver can cause a persistent ($\geq$ 12h) DoS or a privacy leak by triggering a UE to transmit its persistent identifier (IMSI) in plain text. These attacks can be launched against all users within a cell or specifically target a victim based on its phone number. We implement AdaptOver using a software-defined radio and a low-cost amplification setup. We demonstrate the effects and practicality of the attacks on a live operational LTE and 5G-NSA network with a wide range of smartphones. Our experiments show that AdaptOver can launch an attack on a victim more than 3.8km away from the attacker. Given its practicability and efficiency, AdaptOver shows that existing countermeasures that are focused on fake base stations are no longer sufficient, marking a paradigm shift for designing security mechanisms in cellular networks.
(102230) Ellinor Wilkinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Regulation of IGF-I Signaling in Retinal Endothelial Cells by Hyperglycemia
Creators: name: Maile, Laura
name: Clemmons, David
name: Capps, Byron
name: Miller, Emily
name: Sanghani, Ravi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: PURPOSE. To investigate the role of hyperglycemia in regulating the proliferative response of retinal endothelial cells (RECs) to insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I. METHODS. The regulation of IGF-I signaling by glucose concentration was assessed by biochemical analysis of primary RECs grown in media containing normal (5 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose. Cell counting was used to asses the proliferative response to IGF-I. RESULTS. Glucose (25 mM) enhanced the proliferative response of RECs to IGF-I. Phosphorylation of the adaptor protein She (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 1) was increased in RECs grown in high glucose. For She to be phosphorylated, it must be recruited to the cytoplasmic domain of the transmembrane protein SHPS-1 (SHP substrate-1). She recruitment to SHPS-1 was increased when RECs were grown in high glucose. The difference in She recruitment to SHPS-1 was attributable to a difference in SHPS-1 phosphorylation that is required for She recruitment. This, in turn, was attributable to an increase in SHPS-1 association with integrin-associated protein (IAP), which is necessary for SHPS-1 phosphorylation. The difference in response under the two different glucose conditions appeared to be attributable to changes in the activation of the integrin αVβ3, since blocking αVβ3 in high glucose inhibited the response to IGF-I, whereas addition of the active region of vitronectin to RECs grown in normal glucose enhanced their response. CONCLUSIONS. This study demonstrates that hyperglycemic conditions enhance the response of RECs to IGF-I by increasing the association of IAP with SHPS-1 permitting the formation of the SHPS-1-Shc signaling complex, which is required for the proliferative response to IGF-I.
(102229) Maggie Jane Kyle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Library Games (éd. 2) : un escape game pour découvrir la bibliothèque d'une autre manière
Creators: name: Meunier, Sophie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Cette édition de nos Library Games vous donne pour mission de retrouver nos jobistes. "Nos jobistes sont introuvables. Plus aucune trace d'eux depuis qu'ils étaient en train de faire du rangement dans un rayonnage… On vient de recevoir un courrier de leur part assez énigmatique. Aidez-nous à les retrouver avant la fermeture de la bibliothèque !" Vous trouverez ici le guide du maître du jeu, personnalisé pour notre bibliothèque (BFLT, UCLouvain). Si vous désirez adapter le jeu, merci de contacter Sophie Meunier qui vous donnera le fichier word ainsi que tous les autres éléments du jeu.
title: Ανίχνευση κοινοτήτων σε γραφήματα
title: Community detection in graphs
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τσότρας, Αναστάσιος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Γράφημα
subject: Κοινότητες
subject: Αλγόριθμοι
subject: Κόμβος
subject: Betweenness
subject: Συντομότερο μονοπάτι
subject: Αναζήτηση κατά πλάτος
subject: Αρθρωτότητα
subject: Ετικέτα
subject: Κλίκα
subject: Διαμέριση
subject: Υποσύνολο
subject: Στοχαστική μοντελοποίηση
subject: Graph
subject: Communities
subject: Algorithms
subject: Node
subject: Shortest path
subject: Breadth-first search
subject: Modularity
subject: Label
subject: Clique
subject: Cut
subject: Subset
subject: Stochastic block modelling

description: Διαθέσιμο μετά τις 31/12/2025
description: Το πρόβλημα της ανίχνευσης κοινοτήτων σε γραφήματα είναι μείζονος σημασίας στην πληροφορική καθώς τα γραφήματα χρησιμοποιούνται σε μεγάλο βαθμό. Η ανίχνευση κοινοτήτων είναι μια περίπλοκη διαδικασία και έχουν αναπτυχθεί πολλές μέθοδοι για την εκτέλεσή της. Στην παρούσα εργασία δίδονται βασικές έννοιες σχετικές με τα γραφήματα και εν συνεχεία παρουσιάζονται και μελετώνται μερικοί από τους αλγορίθμους που χρησιμοποιούνται για την ανίχνευση κοινοτήτων σε γραφήματα.
A Survey on Data Augmentation for Text Classification
Creators: name: Bayer, Markus
name: Kaufhold, Marc-André
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data augmentation, the artificial creation of training data for machine learning by transformations, is a widely studied research field across machine learning disciplines. While it is useful for increasing a model's generalization capabilities, it can also address many other challenges and problems, from overcoming a limited amount of training data, to regularizing the objective, to limiting the amount data used to protect privacy. Based on a precise description of the goals and applications of data augmentation and a taxonomy for existing works, this survey is concerned with data augmentation methods for textual classification and aims to provide a concise and comprehensive overview for researchers and practitioners. Derived from the taxonomy, we divide more than 100 methods into 12 different groupings and give state-of-the-art references expounding which methods are highly promising by relating them to each other. Finally, research perspectives that may constitute a building block for future work are provided.
description: 44 pages, 5 figures, 9 tables
Time-Reversal-Symmetric Single-Photon Wave Packets for Free-Space Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Trautmann, Nils
name: Alber, Gernot
name: Agarwal, Girish S.
name: Leuchs, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Readout and retrieval processes are proposed for efficient, high-fidelity quantum state transfer between a matter qubit, encoded in the level structure of a single atom or ion, and a photonic qubit, encoded in a time-reversal-symmetric single-photon wave packet. They are based on controlling spontaneous photon emission and absorption of a matter qubit on demand in free space by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. As these processes do not involve mode selection by high-finesse cavities or photon transport through optical fibers, they offer interesting perspectives as basic building blocks for free-space quantum-communication protocols.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Free representations of outer automorphism groups of free products via characteristic abelian coverings
Creators: name: Marchand, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E36, 20E08, 20E06

description: Given a free product $G$, we investigate the existence of faithful free representations of the outer automorphism group $\text{Out}(G)$, or in other words of embeddings of $\text{Out}(G)$ into $\text{Out}\left(F_m\right)$ for some $m$. This is based on a work of Bridson and Vogtmann in which they construct embeddings of $\text{Out}\left(F_n\right)$ into $\text{Out}\left(F_m\right)$ for some values of $n$ and $m$ by interpreting $\text{Out}\left(F_n\right)$ as the group of homotopy equivalences of a graph $X$ of genus $n$, and by lifting homotopy equivalences of $X$ to a characteristic abelian cover of genus $m$. Our construction for a free product $G$, using a presentation of $\text{Out}(G)$ due to Fuchs-Rabinovich, is written as an algebraic proof, but it is directly inspired by Bridson and Vogtmann's topological method and can be interpreted as lifting homotopy equivalences of a graph of groups. For instance, we obtain a faithful free representation of $\text{Out}(G)$ when $G=F_d\ast G_{d+1}\ast\cdots\ast G_n$, with $F_d$ free of rank $d$ and $G_i$ finite abelian of order coprime to $n-1$.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. v3: the section on groups acting on trees was removed and the rest of the paper was reorganised. To appear in J. Group Theory
Type-based Enforcement of Infinitary Trace Properties for Java
Creators: name: Erbatur, Serdar
name: Schöpp, Ulrich
name: Xu, Chuangjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1
subject: 68Q60

description: A common approach to improve software quality is to use programming guidelines to avoid common kinds of errors. In this paper, we consider the problem of enforcing guidelines for Featherweight Java (FJ). We formalize guidelines as sets of finite or infinite execution traces and develop a region-based type and effect system for FJ that can enforce such guidelines. We build on the work by Erbatur, Hofmann and Zălinescu, who presented a type system for verifying the finite event traces of terminating FJ programs. We refine this type system, separating region typing from FJ typing, and use ideas of Hofmann and Chen to extend it to capture also infinite traces produced by non-terminating programs. Our type and effect system can express properties of both finite and infinite traces and can compute information about the possible infinite traces of FJ programs. Specifically, the set of infinite traces of a method is constructed as the greatest fixed point of the operator which calculates the possible traces of method bodies. Our type inference algorithm is realized by working with the finitary abstraction of the system based on Büchi automata.
description: main part (14 pages) published at PPDP'21; arXiv version contains an appendix on the FJ operational semantics and the extension to support exception handling (15 pages total)
The Importance of Bcl-x L in the Survival of Human RPE Cells
Creators: name: Kole, Ryszard
name: Peairs, James
name: Zhang, Nanfei
name: Jaffe, Glenn
name: Roberts, Jennifer
name: Yang, Ping
name: Tyrrell, Jillian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: PURPOSE: In normal eyes and in diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell survival is critically important. Bcl-x(L) has been shown to be among the most highly expressed survival factors in cultured human RPE cells. In the current study the effect of Bcl-x(L) blockade on human RPE cell survival was determined under normal conditions and after induced oxidative stress. METHODS: Cultured human RPE cells from three different donors were transfected with modified, 2'-O-methoxyethoxy Bcl-x(L)-mismatched control antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), Bcl-x(L)-specific ASOs, and Bcl-x(L) splice switching oligonucleotides (SSOs), which shift the splicing pattern of Bcl-x pre-mRNA from Bcl-x(L) into Bcl-x(S), a proapoptotic factor. RNA and protein were harvested at various time points after transfection. Bcl-x(L) and Bcl-x(S) mRNA transcript levels were analyzed using gene-specific primers with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Bcl-x(L) protein levels were analyzed using Western blot. Cell viability was measured by WST-1 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. The mode of cell death was determined with a cell death ELISA and an M30 assay. To study the effects of oxidative stress, the cells were stimulated after transfection with various concentrations of H(2)O(2.) Cell viability was analyzed by WST-1 (Roche, Indianapolis, IN) and LDH assays RESULTS: After Bcl-x(L)-specific ASO and SSO transfections, Bcl-x(L) mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced. Bcl-x(S) levels were increased after transfection with SSO. By day 8 after plating, the cells transfected with Bcl-x(L)-specific ASO had significantly decreased viability, which was further reduced by day 10. The SSO had an even more potent effect. Cell viability was reduced on day 4 after plating and by day 10, less than 10% of the cells were viable. Apoptotic cell death occurred as early as day 4 after plating. H(2)O(2), used as a model oxidant, further enhanced cell death induced by Bcl-x(L)-specific ASO and SSO. CONCLUSIONS: Bcl-x(L) plays an important role in human RPE cell survival under normal conditions and when cells are exposed to oxidative stress. Treatment strategies that enhance Bcl-x(L) expression and/or prevent conversion of Bcl-x(L) to Bcl-x(S) may be useful in preventing RPE cell death in AMD. Treatments that reduce Bcl-x(L) and enhance Bcl-x(S) may be useful in inhibiting unwanted RPE cell proliferation in PVR.
(102228) John Alexander Kyle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A persistent homology-based topological loss for CNN-based multi-class segmentation of CMR
Creators: name: Byrne, Nick
name: Clough, James R
name: Valverde, Isra
name: Montana, Giovanni
name: King, Andrew P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-class segmentation of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images seeks a separation of data into anatomical components with known structure and configuration. The most popular CNN-based methods are optimised using pixel wise loss functions, ignorant of the spatially extended features that characterise anatomy. Therefore, whilst sharing a high spatial overlap with the ground truth, inferred CNN-based segmentations can lack coherence, including spurious connected components, holes and voids. Such results are implausible, violating anticipated anatomical topology. In response, (single-class) persistent homology-based loss functions have been proposed to capture global anatomical features. Our work extends these approaches to the task of multi-class segmentation. Building an enriched topological description of all class labels and class label pairs, our loss functions make predictable and statistically significant improvements in segmentation topology using a CNN-based post-processing framework. We also present (and make available) a highly efficient implementation based on cubical complexes and parallel execution, enabling practical application within high resolution 3D data for the first time. We demonstrate our approach on 2D short axis and 3D whole heart CMR segmentation, advancing a detailed and faithful analysis of performance on two publicly available datasets.
description: Version accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
(102227) John Chidlow
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Ο ακροδεξιός λόγος για την Εκπαίδευση και την Αγωγή : η περίπτωση του Λαϊκού Ορθόδοξου Συναγερμού
Creators: name: Κυμπρικτσή, Χαρίκλεια Πέτρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ακροδεξιά
Λόγος
Εκπαίδευση
Far-right
Discourse
Education

description: Η ανησυχητική ενίσχυση των ακροδεξιών κομμάτων στην Ευρώπη, φέρνει στο προσκήνιο κρίσιμα ζητήματα που αγγίζουν θεμελιώδεις πτυχές της κοινωνίας, όπως η εκπαίδευση. Η μελέτη εστιάζει στον Λαϊκό Ορθόδοξο Συναγερμό, το πρώτο ακροδεξιό κόμμα που εισήλθε στο ελληνικό κοινοβούλιο κατά την Μεταπολίτευση, και ερευνά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο διαμόρφωσε και προώθησε τον ακροδεξιό λόγο γύρω από τα ζητήματα της εκπαίδευσης και της αγωγής. Στο πρώτο μέρος η εργασία στηρίζεται σε βιβλιογραφικές πηγές που αφορούν την διερεύνηση της έννοιας της ακροδεξιάς και της ιστορικής εξέλιξής της. Προσδιορίζονται τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά, οι ιδεολογικές τάσεις και εξετάζεται η διαχρονική πορεία της ακροδεξιάς στην Ευρώπη και την Ελλάδα και τα βασικά αίτια ανόδου. Στο δεύτερο μέρος διερευνάται ο επίσημος κοινοβουλευτικός λόγος του Λαϊκού Ορθόδοξου Συναγερμού καθώς επίσης και ο γραπτός λόγος των οργανώσεων της Νεολαίας και του Φοιτητικού κινήματος, με σκοπό την αποκάλυψη των ιδεολογικών θεμελίων, των θέσεων και των προτάσεων που πρεσβεύει η ακροδεξιά σε θέματα εκπαίδευσης και αγωγής. Τέλος, με βάση τα συμπεράσματα προτείνονται κατευθύνσεις για περαιτέρω εμβάθυνση σε ό,τι αφορά στις θέσεις της ακροδεξιάς στην εκπαίδευση.
description: The alarming rise of far-right parties in Europe brings to the forefront critical issues that affect fundamental aspects of society, such as education. This study focuses on LAOS, the first far-right party to enter the Greek Parliament after the restoration of Democracy, and examines how it shaped and promoted far-right discourse on education. In the first part, the work is based on bibliographic sources that explore the concept of the far-right and its historical evolution. The basic characteristics, ideological trends, and the diachronic course of the far-right in Europe and Greece are identified, as well as the main causes of its rise. In the second part, the official parliamentary discourse as well as the written discourse of the Youth and Student Movement organizations are explored with the aim of revealing the ideological foundations, positions, and proposals that the far-right advocates on education. Finally, based on the conclusions, directions are proposed for further research into the impact of the far-right on education.
(102226) Christine Kirkhouse Chidlow
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Toward Robust Autotuning of Noisy Quantum Dot Devices
Creators: name: Ziegler, Joshua
name: McJunkin, Thomas
name: Joseph, E. S.
name: Kalantre, Sandesh S.
name: Harpt, Benjamin
name: Savage, D. E.
name: Lagally, M. G.
name: Eriksson, M. A.
name: Taylor, Jacob M.
name: Zwolak, Justyna P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The current autotuning approaches for quantum dot (QD) devices, while showing some success, lack an assessment of data reliability. This leads to unexpected failures when noisy or otherwise low-quality data is processed by an autonomous system. In this work, we propose a framework for robust autotuning of QD devices that combines a machine learning (ML) state classifier with a data quality control module. The data quality control module acts as a "gatekeeper" system, ensuring that only reliable data are processed by the state classifier. Lower data quality results in either device recalibration or termination. To train both ML systems, we enhance the QD simulation by incorporating synthetic noise typical of QD experiments. We confirm that the inclusion of synthetic noise in the training of the state classifier significantly improves the performance, resulting in an accuracy of 95.0(9) % when tested on experimental data. We then validate the functionality of the data quality control module by showing that the state classifier performance deteriorates with decreasing data quality, as expected. Our results establish a robust and flexible ML framework for autonomous tuning of noisy QD devices.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
(102224) Enid Mary Chidlow
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.