cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal X-ray emissivity of the stellar population in early-type galaxies: unresolved X-ray sources in NGC 3379
Creators: name: Revnivtsev, M.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Sazonov, S.
name: Forman, W.
name: Jones, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use deep Chandra observations to measure the emissivity of the unresolved X-ray emission in the elliptical galaxy NGC 3379. After elimination of bright, low-mass X-ray binaries with luminosities >10^{36 erg/sec, we find that the remaining unresolved X-ray emission is characterized by an emissivity per unit stellar mass L_x/M_stars ~8.2x10^{27} erg/s/M_sun in the 0.5-2 keV energy band. This value is in good agreement with those previousely determined for the dwarf elliptical galaxy M32, the bulge of the spiral galaxy M31 and the Milky Way, as well as with the integrated X-ray emissivity of cataclysmic variables and coronally active binaries in the Solar neighborhood. This strongly suggests that i) the bulk of the unresolved X-ray emission in NGC 3379 is produced by its old stellar population and ii) the old stellar populations in all galaxies can be characterized by a universal value of X-ray emissivity per unit stellar mass or per unit K band luminosity.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Effective sample size: a measure of individual uncertainty in predictions
Creators: name: Thomassen, Doranne
name: Cessie, Saskia le
name: van Houwelingen, Hans
name: Steyerberg, Ewout
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clinical prediction models are estimated using a sample of limited size from the target population, leading to uncertainty in predictions, even when the model is correctly specified. Generally, not all patient profiles are observed uniformly in model development. As a result, sampling uncertainty varies between individual patients' predictions. We aimed to develop an intuitive measure of individual prediction uncertainty. The variance of a patient's prediction can be equated to the variance of the sample mean outcome in n* hypothetical patients with the same predictor values. This hypothetical sample size n* can be interpreted as the number of similar patients n_eff that the prediction is effectively based on, given that the model is correct. For generalised linear models, we derived analytical expressions for the effective sample size. In addition, we illustrated the concept in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In model development, n_eff can be used to balance accuracy versus uncertainty of predictions. In a validation sample, the distribution of n_eff indicates which patients were more and less represented in the development data, and whether predictions might be too uncertain for some to be practically meaningful. In a clinical setting, the effective sample size may facilitate communication of uncertainty about predictions. We propose the effective sample size as a clinically interpretable measure of uncertainty in individual predictions. Its implications should be explored further for the development, validation and clinical implementation of prediction models.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Protocol validation via reachability analysis : an implementation
Creators: name: Hui, Daniel Hang-Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Reachability analysis is one of the earliest and most common techniques for protocol validation. It is well suited to checking the protocol syntactic properties since they are a direct consequence of the structure of the reachability tree. However, validations of unbounded protocols via reachability analysis always lead to the "state explosion" problem. To overcome this, a new approach in reachability analysis has been proposed by Vuong et al [Vuong 82a, 83a]. While not loosing any information on protocol syntactic properties, the Teachability tree constructed by the new approach for all non-FIFO and for a particular set of FIFO protocols (called well-ordered protocols) will become finite. This thesis is concerned with the implementation of an integrated package called VALIRA (VALIdation via Reachability Analysis) which bases on both the proposed technique and the conventional technique. Details and implementation of the various approaches used in VALIRA are presented in order to provide an insight to the package. Various features of the package are demonstrated with examples on different types of protocols, such as the FIFO, the non-FIFO, and the priority protocols. The use of VALIRA was found to be practical in general, despite some limitations of the package. Further enhancements on the VALIRA are also suggested.
Fast and Slow Rotators: The build-up of the Red Sequence
Creators: name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Cappellari, Michele
name: Krajnovic, Davor
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Bacon, R.
name: Bureau, M.
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Falcon-Barroso, Jesus
name: Kuntschner, Harald
name: McDermid, Richard
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Bosch, Remco C. E. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the unique dataset obtained within the course of the SAURON project, a radically new view of the structure, dynamics and stellar populations of early-type galaxies has emerged. We show that galaxies come in two broad flavours (slow and fast rotators), depending on whether or not they exhibit clear large-scale rotation, as indicated via a robust measure of the specific angular momentum of baryons. This property is also linked with other physical characteristics of early-type galaxies, such as: the presence of dynamically decoupled cores, orbital structure and anisotropy, stellar populations and dark matter content. I here report on the observed link between this baryonic angular momentum and a mass sequence, and how this uniquely relates to the building of the red sequence via dissipative/dissipationless mergers and secular evolution.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symposium 245 "Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges", Eds M. Bureau, E. Athanassoula, and B. Barbuy
Constraints between entropy production and its fluctuations in nonthermal engines
Creators: name: Acciai, Matteo
name: Tesser, Ludovico
name: Eriksson, Jakob
name: Sánchez, Rafael
name: Whitney, Robert S.
name: Splettstoesser, Janine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a mesoscopic conductor autonomously performing a thermodynamically useful task, such as cooling or producing electrical power, in a part of the system -- the working substance -- by exploiting another terminal or set of terminals -- the resource -- that contains a stationary nonthermal (nonequilibrium) distribution. Thanks to the nonthermal properties of the resource, on average no exchange of particles or energy with the working substance is required to fulfill the task. This resembles the action of a demon, as long as only average quantities are considered. Here, we go beyond a description based on average currents and investigate the role of fluctuations in such a system. We show that a minimum level of entropy fluctuations in the system is necessary, whenever one is exploiting a certain entropy production in the resource terminal to perform a useful task in the working substance. For concrete implementations of the demonic nonthermal engine in three- and four-terminal electronic conductors in the quantum Hall regime, we compare the resource fluctuations to the entropy production in the resource and to the useful engine output (produced power or cooling power).
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Helicity-selective Raman scattering from in-plane anisotropic α-MoO$_3$
Creators: name: Ali, Shahzad Akhtar
name: Irfan, Abdullah
name: Mazumder, Aishani
name: Balendhran, Sivacarendran
name: Ahmed, Taimur
name: Walia, Sumeet
name: Ulhaq, Ata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperbolic crystals like α-MoO$_3$ can support large wavevectors and photon density as compared to the commonly used dielectric crystals, which makes them a highly desirable platform for compact photonic devices. The extreme anisotropy of the dielectric constant in these crystals is intricately linked with the anisotropic character of the phonons, which along with photon confinement leads to the rich physics of phonon polaritons. However, the chiral nature of phonons in these hyperbolic crystals have not been studied in detail. In this study, we report our observations of helicity selective Raman scattering from flakes of α-MoO$_3$. Both helicity-preserving and helicity-reversing Raman scattering are observed. We observe that helical selectivity is largely governed by the underlying crystal symmetry. This study shed light on the chiral character of the high symmetry phonons in these hyperbolic crystals. It paves the way for exploiting proposed schemes of coupling chiral phonon modes into propagating surface plasmon polaritons and for compact photonic circuits based on helical polarized light.
description: The following article has been submitted to Applied Physics Letters
Additional file 9 of Development of dendrite polarity in Drosophila neurons
Creators: name: Kargbo-Hill, Sarah E
name: Parmar, Manpreet
name: Gheres, Kyle W
name: Guignet, Michelle A
name: Huang, Yanmei
name: Jackson, F Rob
name: Rolls, Melissa M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Authors’ original file for figure 1
Malgorzata Sobecki, Janusz Korczak neu entdeckt. Pädologe und Erziehungsreformer
Creators: name: Pehnke, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2012

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012)
Dirac neutrino mass from the beta decay end-point modified by the dynamics of a Lorentz-violating equation of motion
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a generalized procedure for obtaining the equation of motion of a propagating fermionic particle, we examine previous claims for a lightlike preferred axis embedded in the framework of Lorentz-invariance violation with preserved algebra. In a high energy scale, the corresponding equation of motion is reduced to a conserving lepton number chiral (VSR) equation, and in a low energy scale, the Dirac equation for a free is recovered. The new dynamics introduces some novel ingredients (modified cross section) to the phenomenology of the tritium beta decay end-point.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Global Software Engineering in the Age of GitHub and Zoom
Creators: name: Herbsleb, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Much has changed since the inaugural ICGSE conference in 2006. Tools have improved, awareness of cultural differences is widespread, and developments such as the foregrounding of open source have all enhanced our ability to work across geographic divides. But the pervasive and profound impact of software in the world -- especially for societal scale systems such as social media -- forces new and deeply challenging responsibilities on both developers and academics. We must find better ways of incorporating ethics into our development practices and pay far more attention to harmful unintended consequences as deployed systems interact with and often disrupt crucial social systems.
description: 8 pages, two figures. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process (2021)
Experimental continuation of periodic orbits through a fold
Creators: name: Sieber, J.
name: Gonzalez-Buelga, A.
name: Neild, S. A.
name: Wagg, D. J.
name: Krauskopf, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a continuation method that enables one to track or continue branches of periodic orbits directly in an experiment when a parameter is changed. A control-based setup in combination with Newton iterations ensures that the periodic orbit can be continued even when it is unstable. This is demonstrated with the continuation of initially stable rotations of a vertically forced pendulum experiment through a fold bifurcation to find the unstable part of the branch.
description: 4 pages
Grenzen ziehen und überschreiten. Ärzte und das Jüdische im Königreich Polen während der Choleraepidemie 1892/93
Creators: name: Kreuder-Sonnen, Katharina
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 3 (2015): Transpolonität? Gesellschaftliche Eliten in den polnischen Gebieten um 1900 jenseits der Nationalgeschichte(n)
Temporal Knowledge Consistency for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning
Creators: name: Feng, Weixin
name: Wang, Yuanjiang
name: Ma, Lihua
name: Yuan, Ye
name: Zhang, Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The instance discrimination paradigm has become dominant in unsupervised learning. It always adopts a teacher-student framework, in which the teacher provides embedded knowledge as a supervision signal for the student. The student learns meaningful representations by enforcing instance spatial consistency with the views from the teacher. However, the outputs of the teacher can vary dramatically on the same instance during different training stages, introducing unexpected noise and leading to catastrophic forgetting caused by inconsistent objectives. In this paper, we first integrate instance temporal consistency into current instance discrimination paradigms, and propose a novel and strong algorithm named Temporal Knowledge Consistency (TKC). Specifically, our TKC dynamically ensembles the knowledge of temporal teachers and adaptively selects useful information according to its importance to learning instance temporal consistency. Experimental result shows that TKC can learn better visual representations on both ResNet and AlexNet on linear evaluation protocol while transfer well to downstream tasks. All experiments suggest the good effectiveness and generalization of our method.
description: To appear in ICCV 2021
Challenges in Quasinormal Mode Extraction: Perspectives from Numerical solutions to the Teukolsky Equation
Creators: name: Zhu, Hengrui
name: Ripley, Justin L.
name: Cárdenas-Avendaño, Alejandro
name: Pretorius, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intricacies of black hole ringdown analysis are amplified by the absence of a complete set of orthogonal basis functions for quasinormal modes. Although damped sinusoids effectively fit the ringdown signals from binary black hole mergers, the risk of overfitting remains, due to initial transients and nonlinear effects. In light of this challenge, we introduce two methods for extracting quasinormal modes in numerical simulations and qualitatively study how the transient might affect quasinormal mode fitting. In one method, we accurately fit quasinormal modes by using their spatial functional form at constant time hypersurfaces, while in the other method, we exploit both spatial and temporal aspects of the quasinormal modes. Both fitting methods leverage the spatial behavior of quasinormal eigenfunctions to enhance accuracy, outperforming conventional time-only fitting techniques at null infinity. We also show that we can construct an inner product for which the quasinormal eigenfunctions form an orthonormal (but not complete) set. We then conduct numerical experiments involving linearly perturbed Kerr black holes in horizon penetrating, hyperboloidally compactified coordinates, as this setup enables a more precise isolation and examination of the ringdown phenomenon. From solutions to the Teukolsky equation, describing scattering of an ingoing gravitational wave pulse, we find that the contributions from early-time transients can lead to large uncertainties in the fit to the amplitudes of higher overtones ($n\geq 3$). While the methods we discuss here cannot be applied directly to data from merger observations, our findings underscore the persistence of ambiguities in interpreting ringdown signals, even with access to both temporal and spatial information.
description: 13+6 pages, 12 figures. V2: Minor changes to match the published version
Gauging the twisted Poincare symmetry as noncommutative theory of gravitation
Creators: name: Chaichian, M.
name: Oksanen, M.
name: Tureanu, A.
name: Zet, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's Theory of General Relativity was formulated as a gauge theory of Lorentz symmetry by Utiyama in 1956, while the Einstein-Cartan gravitational theory was formulated by Kibble in 1961 as the gauge theory of Poincare transformations. In a noncommutative space-time with canonical commutation relations between the coordintes, Lorentz symmetry is violated and field theories constructed on such space-times have instead the so-called twisted Poincare invariance. In this paper a gauge theory formulation of noncommutative gravity is proposed based on the twisted Poincare symmetry together with the requirement of covariance under the general coordinate transformations, an essential ingredient of the theory of general relativity. The advantages of such a formulation as well as the related problems are discussed and possible ways out are outlined.
description: 21 pages
Julia Anna Riedel, Bildungsreform und geistliches Ordenswesen im Ungarn der Aufklärung. Die Schulen der Piaristen unter Maria Theresia und Joseph II.
Creators: name: Gőzsy, Zoltán
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)
Tempered fractional Brownian motion on finite intervals
Creators: name: Vojta, Thomas
name: Miller, Zachary
name: Halladay, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive transport in many complex systems features a crossover between anomalous diffusion at short times and normal diffusion at long times. This behavior can be mathematically modeled by cutting off (tempering) beyond a mesoscopic correlation time the power-law correlations between the increments of fractional Brownian motion. Here, we investigate such tempered fractional Brownian motion confined to a finite interval by reflecting walls. Specifically, we explore how the tempering of the long-time correlations affects the strong accumulation and depletion of particles near reflecting boundaries recently discovered for untempered fractional Brownian motion. We find that exponential tempering introduces a characteristic size for the accumulation and depletion zones but does not affect the functional form of the probability density close to the wall. In contrast, power-law tempering leads to more complex behavior that differs between the superdiffusive and subdiffusive cases.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures included. Final version as published
Additional file 10 of Development of dendrite polarity in Drosophila neurons
Creators: name: Kargbo-Hill, Sarah E
name: Parmar, Manpreet
name: Gheres, Kyle W
name: Guignet, Michelle A
name: Huang, Yanmei
name: Jackson, F Rob
name: Rolls, Melissa M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Authors’ original file for figure 2
Negative capacitance in organic semiconductor devices: bipolar injection and charge recombination mechanism
Creators: name: Ehrenfreund, E.
name: Lungenschmied, C.
name: Dennler, G.
name: Neugebauer, H.
name: Sariciftci, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report negative capacitance at low frequencies in organic semiconductor based diodes and show that it appears only under bipolar injection conditions. We account quantitatively for this phenomenon by the recombination current due to electron-hole annihilation. Simple addition of the recombination current to the well established model of space charge limited current in the presence of traps, yields excellent fits to the experimentally measured admittance data. The dependence of the extracted characteristic recombination time on the bias voltage is indicative of a recombination process which is mediated by localized traps.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letters
Existence of an infinite particle limit of stochastic ranking process
Creators: name: Hattori, Kumiko
name: Hattori, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C22; 60K35; 91B02

description: We study a stochastic particle system which models the time evolution of the ranking of books by online bookstores (e.g., Amazon). In this system, particles are lined in a queue. Each particle jumps at random jump times to the top of the queue, and otherwise stays in the queue, being pushed toward the tail every time another particle jumps to the top. In an infinite particle limit, the random motion of each particle between its jumps converges to a deterministic trajectory. (This trajectory is actually observed in the ranking data on web sites.) We prove that the (random) empirical distribution of this particle system converges to a deterministic space-time dependent distribution. A core of the proof is the law of large numbers for {\it dependent} random variables.
Free and constrained symplectic integrators for numerical general relativity
Creators: name: Richter, Ronny
name: Lubich, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider symplectic time integrators in numerical General Relativity and discuss both free and constrained evolution schemes. For free evolution of ADM-like equations we propose the use of the Stoermer-Verlet method, a standard symplectic integrator which here is explicit in the computationally expensive curvature terms. For the constrained evolution we give a formulation of the evolution equations that enforces the momentum constraints in a holonomically constrained Hamiltonian system and turns the Hamilton constraint function from a weak to a strong invariant of the system. This formulation permits the use of the constraint-preserving symplectic RATTLE integrator, a constrained version of the Stoermer-Verlet method. The behavior of the methods is illustrated on two effectively 1+1-dimensional versions of Einstein's equations, that allow to investigate a perturbed Minkowski problem and the Schwarzschild space-time. We compare symplectic and non-symplectic integrators for free evolution, showing very different numerical behavior for nearly-conserved quantities in the perturbed Minkowski problem. Further we compare free and constrained evolution, demonstrating in our examples that enforcing the momentum constraints can turn an unstable free evolution into a stable constrained evolution. This is demonstrated in the stabilization of a perturbed Minkowski problem with Dirac gauge, and in the suppression of the propagation of boundary instabilities into the interior of the domain in Schwarzschild space-time.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures; This version contains minor clarifications and corrections
Simulation of fluid flow in hydrophobic rough microchannels
Creators: name: Kunert, Christian
name: Harting, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface effects become important in microfluidic setups because the surface to volume ratio becomes large. In such setups the surface roughness is not any longer small compared to the length scale of the system and the wetting properties of the wall have an important influence on the flow. However, the knowledge about the interplay of surface roughness and hydrophobic fluid-surface interaction is still very limited because these properties cannot be decoupled easily in experiments. We investigate the problem by means of lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulations of rough microchannels with a tunable fluid-wall interaction. We introduce an ``effective no-slip plane'' at an intermediate position between peaks and valleys of the surface and observe how the position of the wall may change due to surface roughness and hydrophobic interactions. We find that the position of the effective wall, in the case of a Gaussian distributed roughness depends linearly on the width of the distribution. Further we are able to show that roughness creates a non-linear effect on the slip length for hydrophobic boundaries.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Search for dark matter annihilation signals from the Galactic Center with the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey
Creators: name: Montanari, A.
name: Moulin, E.
name: Malyshev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of dark matter (DM) is suggested by a wealth of astrophysical and cosmological measurements. However, its underlying nature is yet unknown. Among the most promising candidates are weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs): particles with mass and coupling strength at the electroweak scale and thermally produced in the early universe have a present relic density consistent with that observed today. WIMP self-annihilation would produce Standard Model particles including gamma-rays, which have been long-time recognized as a prime messenger to indirectly detect dark matter signals. The centre of the Milky Way is predicted as the brightest source of DM annihilations. The H.E.S.S. collaboration is currently performing a survey of the inner region of the Milky Way, the Inner Galaxy Survey (IGS), intended to achieve the best sensitivity to faint and diffuse emissions in a region of several degrees around the Galactic Centre. We analyzed 2014-2020 observations taken with the five-telescope array to search for a DM annihilation signal. With the current dataset of about 550 hours, we found no significant excess and therefore derived strong constraints on the velocity-weighted annihilation cross-section. TeV thermal WIMPs can be probed in different annihilation channels.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021)
บทบาทผู้บริหารโรงเรียนในการส่งเสริมการทำวิจัยในชั้นเรียนของครูช่วงชั้นที่ 1-2 สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษามหาสารคาม เขต 2
Creators: name: สุริยงค์ ศรีนอก
name: ทองม้วน นาเสงี่ยม
name: รังสรรค์ สิงหเลิศ
name: จริยาภรณ์ รุจิโมระ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2007
Subjects: การวิจัยในชั้นเรียน, บทบาทผู้บริหาร, สถานศึกษาช่วงชั้นที่ 1-2

description: 2, 1, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
Neue Quellen zur Geschichte der Deutschbalten. Zu Archivalien in der Universitätsbibliothek in Thorn (Toruń)
Creators: name: Mycio, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2011

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 60 Nr. 3 (2011)
Robust entanglement by continuous dynamical decoupling of the J-coupling interaction
Creators: name: Valahu, C. H.
name: Lawrence, A. M.
name: Weidt, S.
name: Hensinger, W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a $σ_z\otimes σ_z$ laser-free entangling gate which uses the intrinsic J-coupling of ions in a static magnetic gradient. Dephasing of the interaction is suppressed by means of continuous dynamical decoupling using pairs of microwave fields. The gate is virtually insensitive to common amplitude noise of the microwave fields and enables high fidelities despite qubit frequency fluctuations, while the J-coupling interaction's inherent robustness to motional decoherence is retained. Errors far below the fault-tolerant threshold can be achieved at high initial temperatures, negating the requirement of sideband cooling below the Doppler temperature. By adjusting the powers of the continuous microwave fields, the J-coupling interaction can be tuned and can be used to implement parallel entangling gates within an ion chain.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Václav Průcha u.a., Hospodářské a sociální dějiny Československa 1918-1992. 2. Díl: Období 1945-1992
Creators: name: Alexander, Manfred
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2012

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012)
Origin and control of high-temperature ferromagnetism in semiconductors
Creators: name: Kuroda, Shinji
name: Nishizawa, Nozomi
name: Takita, Koki
name: Mitome, Masanori
name: Bando, Yoshio
name: Osuch, Krzysztof
name: Dietl, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extensive experimental and computational search for multifunctional materials has resulted in the development of semiconductor and oxide systems, such as (Ga,Mn)N, (Zn,Cr)Te, and HfO2, which exhibit surprisingly stable ferromagnetic signatures despite having a small or nominally zero concentration of magnetic elements. Here, we show that the ferromagnetism of (Zn,Cr)Te, and the associated magnetooptical and magnetotransport functionalities, are dominated by the formation of Cr-rich (Zn,Cr)Te metallic nanocrystals embedded in the Cr-poor (Zn,Cr)Te matrix. Importantly, the formation of these nanocrystals can be controlled by manipulating the charge state of Cr ions during the epitaxy. The findings provide insight into the origin of ferromagnetism in a broad range of semiconductors and oxides, and indicate possible functionalities of these composite systems. Furthermore, they demonstrate a bottom-up method for self-organized nanostructure fabrication that is applicable to any system in which the charge state of a constituent depends on the Fermi-level position in the host semiconductor.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures (incl. Supplementary Information)
Foundations of Relational Particle Dynamics
Creators: name: Anderson, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relational particle dynamics include the dynamics of pure shape and cases in which absolute scale or absolute rotation are additionally meaningful. These are interesting as regards the absolute versus relative motion debate as well as discussion of conceptual issues connected with the problem of time in quantum gravity. In spatial dimension 1 and 2 the relative configuration spaces of shapes are n-spheres and complex projective spaces, from which knowledge I construct natural mechanics on these spaces. I also show that these coincide with Barbour's indirectly-constructed relational dynamics by performing a full reduction on the latter. Then the identification of the configuration spaces as n-spheres and complex projective spaces, for which spaces much mathematics is available, significantly advances the understanding of Barbour's relational theory in spatial dimensions 1 and 2. I also provide the parallel study of a new theory for which positon and scale are purely relative but orientation is absolute. The configuration space for this is an n-sphere regardless of the spatial dimension, which renders this theory a more tractable arena for investigation of implications of scale invariance than Barbour's theory itself.
description: Minor typos corrected; references updated
Theory of non-Hermitian fermionic superfluidity on a honeycomb lattice: Interplay between exceptional manifolds and van Hove Singularity
Creators: name: Takemori, Soma
name: Yamamoto, Kazuki
name: Koga, Akihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-Hermitian fermionic superfluidity subject to dissipation of Cooper pairs on a honeycomb lattice, for which we analyze the attractive Hubbard model with a complex-valued interaction. Remarkably, we demonstrate the emergence of the dissipation-induced superfluid phase that is anomalously enlarged by a cusp on the phase boundary. We find that this unconventional phase transition originates from the interplay between exceptional lines and van Hove singularity, which has no counterpart in equilibrium. Moreover, we demonstrate that the infinitesimal dissipation induces the nontrivial superfluid solution at the critical point. Our results can be tested in ultracold atoms with photoassociation techniques by postselcting special measurement outcomes with the use of quantum-gas microscopy and can lead to understanding the NH many-body physics triggered by exceptional manifolds in open quantum systems.
description: 7+7 pages, 4+6 figures
Transpolonität? Gesellschaftliche Eliten in den polnischen Gebieten um 1900 jenseits der Nationalgeschichte(n)
Creators: name: Dyroff, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 3 (2015): Transpolonität? Gesellschaftliche Eliten in den polnischen Gebieten um 1900 jenseits der Nationalgeschichte(n)
TESS observations of flares and quasi-periodic pulsations from low mass stars and potential impact on exoplanets
Creators: name: Ramsay, Gavin
name: Kolotkov, Dmitrii
name: Doyle, J. Gerry
name: Doyle, Lauren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a search for flares and Quasi-Periodic Pulsations (QPPs) from low mass M dwarf stars using TESS 2 min cadence data. We find seven stars which show evidence of QPPs. Using Fourier and Empirical Mode Decomposition techniques, we confirm the presence of 11 QPPs in these seven stars with a period between 10.2 and 71.9 min, including an oscillation with strong drift in the period and a double-mode oscillation. The fraction of flares we examined which showed QPPs (7 percent) is higher than other studies of stellar flares, but is very similar to the fraction of Solar C-class flares. Based on the stellar parameters taken from the TESS Input Catalog, we determine the lengths and magnetic field strengths of the flare coronal loops using the period of the QPPs and various assumptions about the origin of the QPPs. We also use a scaling relationship based on flares from Solar and Solar-type stars and the observed energy, plus the duration of the flares, finding that the different approaches predict loop lengths which are consistent to a factor of $\sim$2. We also discuss the flare frequency of the seven stars determining whether this could result in ozone depletion or abiogenesis. Three of our stars have a sufficiently high rate of energetic flares which are likely to cause abiogenesis. However, two of them are also in the range where ozone depletion is likely to occur. We speculate on the implications for surface life on these stars and the effects of the loop lengths and QPPs on potential exoplanets in the habitable zone.
description: Accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Implementation of the Cambridge ring protocols on the sun workstation
Creators: name: Chan, Linda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: As Local Area Networks gain momentum in recent Computer Science research, implementation is generally characterized by various factors such as efficiency, reliability, error recovery, and synchronism; however, how well the above issues can be achieved is heavily dependent on the facilities available in an implementation environment. Due to the recent popularity of message passing and concurrent processes, the UNIX 4.2bsd operating system with its interprocess communication facility is chosen to be the implementation environment for the Cambridge Ring's Basic Block and Byte Stream Protocols. Basic Block Protocol, implemented as a device driver in the system kernel, is the lowest level protocol which provides an unreliable datagram service, while the Byte Stream Protocol, implemented using multi-concurrent processes in the user space, provides a reliable, full-duplex virtual circuit service based on the service provided by the Basic Block Protocol. This thesis describes the protocol implementation on a 68000 based SUN workstation, and discusses results learnt from the experiment. The multi-concurrent processes approach is found to work adequately well for a small number of clients, but incur high overhead when the number of clients is large.
Possible inconsistency between phenomenological and theoretical determinations of charge symmetry breaking in nuclear energy density functionals
Creators: name: Naito, Tomoya
name: Colò, Gianluca
name: Hatsuda, Tetsuo
name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Roca-Maza, Xavier
name: Sagawa, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the recent progress on the determination of the charge symmetry breaking term of nuclear energy density functionals. We point out that the strength of the term determined theoretically is remarkably smaller than that determined phenomenologically, which is still an open question.
description: The 7th International Conference on Collective Motion in Nuclei under Extreme Conditions (COMEX7)
Thermoelectric properties of the bismuth telluride nanowires in the constant-relaxation-time approximation
Creators: name: Bejenari, I.
name: Kantser, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic structure of bismuth telluride nanowires with the growth directions [110] and [015] is studied in the framework of anisotropic effective mass method using the parabolic band approximation. The components of the electron and hole effective mass tensor for six valleys are calculated for both growth directions. For a square nanowire, in the temperature range from 77 K to 500 K, the dependence of the Seebeck coefficient, the electron thermal and electrical conductivity as well as the figure of merit ZT on the nanowire thickness and on the excess hole concentration are investigated in the constant-relaxation-time approximation. The carrier confinement is shown to play essential role for square nanowires with thickness less than 30 nm. The confinement decreases both the carrier concentration and the thermal conductivity but increases the maximum value of Seebeck coefficient in contrast to the excess holes (impurities). The confinement effect is stronger for the direction [015] than for the direction [110] due to the carrier mass difference for these directions. The carrier confinement increases maximum value of ZT and shifts it towards high temperatures. For the p-type bismuth telluride nanowires with growth direction [110], the maximum value of the figure of merit is equal to 1.3, 1.6, and 2.8, correspondingly, at temperatures 310 K, 390 K, 480 K and the nanowire thicknesses 30 nm, 15 nm, and 7 nm. At the room temperature, the figure of merit equals 1.2, 1.3, and 1.7, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, typos added, added references for sections 2-4
Die deutschsprachigen Provinztheater Böhmens und Mährens zwischen lokaler, regionaler und nationaler Identität
Creators: name: Wessely, Katharina
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2010

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 59 Nr. 2 (2010)
Learning to Rewrite Prompts for Personalized Text Generation
Creators: name: Li, Cheng
name: Zhang, Mingyang
name: Mei, Qiaozhu
name: Kong, Weize
name: Bendersky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Facilitated by large language models (LLMs), personalized text generation has become a rapidly growing research direction. Most existing studies focus on designing specialized models for a particular domain, or they require fine-tuning the LLMs to generate personalized text. We consider a typical scenario in which the large language model, which generates personalized output, is frozen and can only be accessed through APIs. Under this constraint, all one can do is to improve the input text (i.e., text prompts) sent to the LLM, a procedure that is usually done manually. In this paper, we propose a novel method to automatically revise prompts for personalized text generation. The proposed method takes the initial prompts generated by a state-of-the-art, multistage framework for personalized generation and rewrites a few critical components that summarize and synthesize the personal context. The prompt rewriter employs a training paradigm that chains together supervised learning (SL) and reinforcement learning (RL), where SL reduces the search space of RL and RL facilitates end-to-end training of the rewriter. Using datasets from three representative domains, we demonstrate that the rewritten prompts outperform both the original prompts and the prompts optimized via supervised learning or reinforcement learning alone. In-depth analysis of the rewritten prompts shows that they are not only human readable, but also able to guide manual revision of prompts when there is limited resource to employ reinforcement learning to train the prompt rewriter, or when it is costly to deploy an automatic prompt rewriter for inference.
description: In Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024 (WWW '24)
Evidence for Lattice Effects at the Charge-Ordering Transition in (TMTTF)$_2$X
Creators: name: de Souza, M.
name: Foury-Leylekian, P.
name: Moradpour, A.
name: Pouget, J. -P.
name: Lang, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution thermal expansion measurements have been performed for exploring the mysterious "structureless transition" in (TMTTF)$_{2}$X (X = PF$_{6}$ and AsF$_{6}$), where charge ordering at $T_{CO}$ coincides with the onset of ferroelectric order. Particularly distinct lattice effects are found at $T_{CO}$ in the uniaxial expansivity along the interstack $\textbf{\textit{c*}}$-direction. We propose a scheme involving a charge modulation along the TMTTF stacks and its coupling to displacements of the counteranions X$^{-}$. These anion shifts, which lift the inversion symmetry enabling ferroelectric order to develop, determine the 3D charge pattern without ambiguity. Evidence is found for another anomaly for both materials at $T_{int}$ $\simeq$ 0.6 $\cdot$ $T_{CO}$ indicative of a phase transition related to the charge ordering.
Additional file 11 of Development of dendrite polarity in Drosophila neurons
Creators: name: Kargbo-Hill, Sarah E
name: Parmar, Manpreet
name: Gheres, Kyle W
name: Guignet, Michelle A
name: Huang, Yanmei
name: Jackson, F Rob
name: Rolls, Melissa M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Authors’ original file for figure 3
Magnetic Properties of Star-Forming Dense Cores
Creators: name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Basu, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic and energetic properties are presented for 17 dense cores within a few hundred pc of the Sun. Their plane-of-sky field strengths are estimated from the dispersion of polarization directions, following Davis, Chandrasekhar and Fermi (DCF). Their ratio of mass to magnetic critical mass is 0.5-3, indicating nearly critical field strengths. The field strength B_pos is correlated with column density N as B_pos~N^p, where p=1.05+-0.08, and with density n as B_pos~n^q, where q=0.66+-0.05. These magnetic properties are consistent with those derived from Zeeman studies (Crutcher et al. 2010), with less scatter. Relations between virial mass M_V, magnetic critical mass M_B, and Alfven amplitude sigma_B/B match the observed range of M/M_B for cores observed to be nearly virial, with M/M_V=0.5-2, with moderate Alfven amplitudes, and with sigma_B/B=0.1-0.4. The B-N and B-n correlations in the DCF and Zeeman samples can be explained when such bound, Alfvenic, and nearly-critical cores have central concentration and spheroidal shape. For these properties, B~N because M/M_B is nearly constant compared to the range of N, and B~n^(2/3) because M^(1/3) is nearly constant compared to the range of n^(2/3). The observed core fields which follow B~n^(2/3) need not be much weaker than gravity, in contrast to core fields which follow B~n^(2/3) due to spherical contraction at constant mass (Mestel 1966). Instead, the nearly critical values of M/M_B suggest that the observed core fields are nearly as strong as possible, among values which allow gravitational contraction.
description: Accepted for publication, The Astrophysical Journal
Feedback in the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/9): I. High-Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of Winds from Super Star Clusters
Creators: name: Gilbert, Andrea M.
name: Graham, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution (R ~ 24,600) near-IR spectroscopy of the youngest super star clusters (SSCs) in the prototypical starburst merger, the Antennae Galaxies. These SSCs are young (3-7 Myr old) and massive (10^5 - 10^7 M_sun for a Kroupa IMF) and their spectra are characterized by broad, extended Br-gamma emission, so we refer to them as emission-line clusters (ELCs) to distinguish them from older SSCs. The Brgamma lines of most ELCs have supersonic widths (60-110 km/s FWHM) and non-Gaussian wings whose velocities exceed the clusters' escape velocities. This high-velocity unbound gas is flowing out in winds that are powered by the clusters' massive O and W-R stars over the course of at least several crossing times. The large sizes of some ELCs relative to those of older SSCs may be due to expansion caused by these outflows; many of the ELCs may not survive as bound stellar systems, but rather dissipate rapidly into the field population. The observed tendency of older ELCs to be more compact than young ones is consistent with the preferential survival of the most concentrated clusters at a given age.
description: Accepted to ApJ