cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discrete Newtonian dynamics with Nosé-Hoover thermostats
Creators: name: Toxvaerd, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost all Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations are discrete dynamics with Newton's algorithm first published in 1687, and much later by L. Verlet in 1967. Discrete Newtonian dynamics has the same qualities as Newton's classical analytic dynamics. Verlet also published a first-order expression for the instant temperature which is inaccurate but presumably used in most MD simulations. One of the motivations for the present article is to correct this unnecessary inaccuracy in $NVT$ MD dynamics. Another motivation is to derive simple algorithms for the Nosé-Hoover $NVT$ dynamics (NH) with the correct temperature constraint. The simulations with NH discrete Newtonian dynamics show that the NH works excellent for a wide range of the response time $τ$ of the NH thermostat, but NH simulations favor a choice of a short response time, even shorter than the discrete-time increment $δt$ used in MD, to avoid large oscillations of the temperature.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Dipole Scattering at the Interface: The Origin of Low Mobility observed in SiC MOSFETs
Creators: name: Hatakeyama, Tetsuo
name: Hirai, Hirohisa
name: Simetani, Mitsuru
name: Okamoto, Dai
name: Okamoto, Mitsuo
name: Harada, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the origin of the low free electron mobility in SiC MOSFETs is investigated using the scattering theory of two-dimensional electron gases. We first establish that neither phonon scattering nor Coulomb scattering can be the cause of the low observed mobility in SiC MOSFETs; we establish this fact by comparing the theoretically calculated mobility considering these effects with experimental observations. By considering the threshold voltages and the effective field dependence of the mobility in SiC MOSFETs, it is concluded that the scattering centers of the dominant mechanism are electrically neutral and exhibit a short-range scattering potential. By considering charge distribution around a neutral defect at the interface, it is established that an electric dipole induced by the defect can act as a short-range scattering potential. We then calculate the mobility in SiC MOSFETs assuming that there exist a high density of dipoles at the interface. The calculated dipole-scattering-limited mobility shows a similar dependence on the effective field dependence to that observed in experimental results. Thus, we conclude that scattering induced by a high density of electric dipoles at the interface is dominant cause of the low mobility in SiC MOSFETs.
description: 16pages, 3 figures
An Analysis of Religious Perspective in Environment
Creators: name: Hua, Ang Kean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: 160403 Social and Cultural Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50203 Environmental Education and Extension
subject: Religious Studies
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Environment are natural consists of all living and non-living things living together on Earth. Due to human demand and greedy towards the environment, various alternatives applied in human, namely science in law, science and policy, science and technology, sustainability science, ethic in science, etc.; in controlling human activities and maintain the environment from being continuously destructed. However, the ideas for environmental solution are not resolved in overall and the religious perspective is taking part in environmental destruction prevention. So, the religious are very concern on human attitude that should be applied and implement ‘love’ for every action taken to prevent harm towards the natural environment. Therefore, religion in Islamic, Buddhist, Christian, and Hindus perspective are the most successful to become a major role in sustaining the environment for coming future.
Review of Dancing Parasites in Lymphatic Filariasis
Creators: name: Dietrich, Christoph F.
name: Chaubal, Nitin
name: Hoerauf, Achim
name: Kling, Kerstin
name: Schindler Piontek, Markus
name: Steffgen, Ludwig
name: Mand, Sabine
name: Dong, Yi
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: parasite
subject: guideline
subject: elastography
subject: contrast-enhanced ultrasound
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Lymphatic filariasis is an infection transmitted by blood-sucking mosquitoes with filarial nematodes of the species Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi und B. timori. It is prevalent in tropical countries throughout the world, with more than 60 million people infected and more than 1 billion living in areas with the risk of transmission. Worm larvae with a length of less than 1 mm are transmitted by mosquitoes, develop in human lymphatic tissue to adult worms with a length of 7–10 cm, live in the human body for up to 10 years and produce millions of microfilariae, which can be transmitted further by mosquitoes. The adult worms can be easily observed by ultrasonography because of their size and fast movements (the so-called “filarial dance sign”), which can be differentiated from other movements (e. g., blood in venous vessels) by their characteristic movement profile in pulsed-wave Doppler mode. Therapeutic options include (combinations of) ivermectin, albendazole, diethylcarbamazine and doxycycline. The latter depletes endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria from the worms and thus sterilizes and later kills the adult worms (macrofilaricidal or adulticidal effect).
title: 01_1243
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Agonum (Agonum) marginatum
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Agonum
Agonum marginatum

description: Agonum (Agonum) marginatum (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: AhAr, 38°30′N 47°08′E, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 15 March 2011; MArAgheh, 37°23′N 46°24′E, 2♀, 28-30 May 2011.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
The Quality of Sustainability Science: An Analysis
Creators: name: Hua, Ang Kean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160403 Social and Cultural Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160499 Human Geography not elsewhere classified
subject: Geography
subject: Science Policy
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Sustainability science becomes important in research to maintain quality and quantity of finding in solving society issues and problems. Various expertise commend and giving opinion towards sustainability science, which become a model that appropriate to applied in daily life. Sustainability science consists of normativity, urgency, inclusion of nonscientists, and interrelation of environment and society. Therefore, sustainability science is able to increase the quality of human life, while maintaining the environmental quality for coming generation.
Long-period Ap stars discovered with TESS data: The northern ecliptic hemisphere
Creators: name: Mathys, G.
name: Kurtz, D. W.
name: Holdsworth, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rotation periods of the magnetic Ap stars span five to six orders of magnitude. Period differentiation must have taken place at the pre-main sequence stage, but the physical processes that lead to it remain elusive. The study of Ap stars that have rotation periods of tens to hundreds of years represents a promising avenue to gain additional insight into the origin and evolution of rotation in Ap stars. Historically, almost all the longest period Ap stars known have been found to be strongly magnetic; very few weakly magnetic Ap stars with very long periods have been identified and studied. We performed a systematic search based on TESS data to identify super-slowly rotating Ap (ssrAp) stars independently of the strengths of their magnetic fields, with the intention to characterise the distribution of the longest Ap star rotation periods in an unbiased manner. We find 67 Ap stars with no rotational variability in the northern ecliptic hemisphere TESS data. Among them, 46 are newly identified ssrAp star candidates, which is double the number previously found in the southern ecliptic hemisphere. We confirm that super-slow rotation tends to occur less frequently in weakly magnetic Ap stars than in strongly magnetic stars. We present new evidence of the existence of a gap between ~2 kG and ~3 kG in the distribution of the magnetic field strengths of long period Ap stars. We also confirm that the incidence of roAp stars is higher than average in slowly rotating Ap stars. We report the unexpected discovery of nine definite and five candidate δ Sct stars, and of two eclipsing binaries. This work paves the way for a systematic, unbiased study of the longest period Ap stars, with a view to characterise the correlations between their rotational, magnetic, and pulsational properties.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Continuum, cyclotron line, and absorption variability in the high-mass X-ray binary Vela X-1
Creators: name: Diez, C. M.
name: Grinberg, V.
name: Fürst, F.
name: Sokolova-Lapa, E.
name: Santangelo, A.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Martínez-Núñez, S.
name: Malacaria, C.
name: Kretschmar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because of its complex clumpy wind, prominent cyclotron resonant scattering features, intrinsic variability and convenient physical parameters (close distance, high inclination, small orbital separation) which facilitate the observation and analysis of the system, Vela X-1 is one of the key systems to understand accretion processes in high-mass X-ray binaries on all scales. We revisit Vela X-1 with two new observations taken with NuSTAR at orbital phases ~0.68-0.78 and ~0.36-0.52 which show a plethora of variability and allow us to study the accretion geometry and stellar wind properties of the system. We follow the evolution of spectral parameters down to the pulse period time-scale using a partially covered powerlaw continuum with a Fermi-Dirac cut-off to model the continuum and local absorption. We could confirm anti-correlations between the photon index and the luminosity and, for low fluxes, between the folding energy and the luminosity, implying a change of properties in the Comptonising plasma. We could not confirm a previously seen correlation between the cyclotron line energy and the luminosity of the source in the overall observation, but we observed a drop in the cyclotron line energy following a strong flare. We see strong variability in absorption between the two observations and within one observation (for the ~0.36-0.52 orbital phases) that can be explained by the presence of a large-scale structure, such as accretion- and photoionisation wakes in the system and our variable line of sight through this structure.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, A&A accepted
Velocity structure of the 50 pc-long NGC 6334 filamentary cloud: Hints of multiple compressions and their impact on the cloud properties?
Creators: name: Arzoumanian, Doris
name: Russeil, Delphine
name: Zavagno, Annie
name: Chen, Michael Chun-Yuan
name: André, Philippe
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
name: Misugi, Yoshiaki
name: Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro
name: Schilke, Peter
name: Men'shchikov, Alexander
name: Kohno, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] The interstellar medium is observed to be organised in filamentary structures, as well as neutral (HI) and ionized (HII) bubbles. The expanding nature of these bubbles makes them shape their surroundings and possibly play a role in the formation and evolution of interstellar filaments. We present APEX $^{13}$CO and C$^{18}$O(2-1) observations of the NGC 6334 molecular cloud. We investigate the gas velocity structure along and across the 50 pc-long cloud and towards 75 identified velocity-coherent-filaments (VCFs). We measure a wealth of velocity gradients along the VCFs. We derive the column density and velocity power spectra of the VCFs. These power spectra are well represented with power laws showing similar slopes for both quantities (with a mean of about -2), albeit some differ by up to a factor of two. The position velocity diagrams perpendicular to three VCFs show the V-shaped velocity pattern, corresponding to a bent structure in velocity space with the filament at the tip of the V surrounded by an extended structure connected to it with a velocity gradient. This velocity structure is qualitatively similar to that resulting from numerical simulations of filament formation from large-scale compression from propagating shock fronts. In addition, the radial profiles perpendicular to these VCFs hint to small-scale internal impacts from neighbouring HII bubbles. The observed opposite curvature in velocity space towards the VCFs points to various origins of large-scale external compressions from propagating HI bubbles. This suggests the plausible importance of multiple HI compressions, separated in space and time, in the formation and evolution of molecular clouds and their star formation history. These latter atomic compressions due to past and distant star formation events are complemented by the impact of HII bubbles from present time and local star formation activity.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Calathus (Neocalathus) melanocephalus
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Calathus
Calathus melanocephalus

description: Calathus (Neocalathus) melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: MArAgheh, 37°23′N 46°24′E, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 28-30 May 2011.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Conical spin order with chiral quadrupole helix in CsCuCl3
Creators: name: Ueda, Hiroki
name: Skoropata, Elizabeth
name: Burian, Max
name: Ukleev, Victor
name: Perren, Gérard Sylvester
name: Leroy, Ludmila
name: Zaccaro, Julien
name: Staub, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report a resonant x-ray diffraction (RXD) study at the Cu L3 edge on the multi-chiral system CsCuCl3, exhibiting helical magnetic order in a chiral crystal structure. RXD is a powerful technique to disentangle electronic degrees of freedom due to its sensitivity to electric monopoles (charge), magnetic dipoles (spin), and electric quadrupoles (orbital). We characterize electric quadrupole moments around Cu ascribed to the unoccupied Cu 3d orbital, whose quantization axis is off the basal plane. Detailed investigation of magnetic reflections reveals additional sinusoidal modulations along the principal axis superimposed on the reported helical structure, i.e., a longitudinal conical (helical-butterfly) structure. The out-of-plane modulations imply significant spin-orbit interaction despite S = 1/2 of Cu2+.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Shocked jets in CCSNe can power the zoo of fast blue optical transients
Creators: name: Gottlieb, Ore
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Margutti, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence is mounting that recent multiwavelength detections of fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) in star-forming galaxies comprise a new class of transients, whose origin is yet to be understood. We show that hydrogen-rich collapsing stars that launch relativistic jets near the central engine can naturally explain the entire set of FBOT observables. The jet-star interaction forms a mildly-relativistic shocked jet (inner cocoon) component, which powers cooling emission that dominates the high velocity optical signal during the first few weeks, with a typical energy of $ \sim 10^{50}-10^{51} $ erg. During this time, the cocoon radial energy distribution implies that the optical lightcurve exhibits a fast decay of $ L \propto t^{-2.4} $. After a few weeks, when the velocity of the emitting shell is $ \sim 0.01 $ c, the cocoon becomes transparent, and the cooling envelope governs the emission. The interaction between the cocoon and the dense circumstellar winds generates synchrotron self-absorbed emission in the radio bands, featuring a steady rise on a month timescale. After a few months the relativistic outflow decelerates, enters the observer's line of sight, and powers the peak of the radio lightcurve, which rapidly decays thereafter. The jet (and the inner cocoon) become optically thin to X-rays $ \sim $ day after the collapse, allowing X-ray photons to diffuse from the central engine that launched the jet to the observer. Cocoon cooling emission is expected at higher volumetric rates than gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by a factor of a few, similar to FBOTs. We rule out uncollimated outflows, however both GRB jets and failed collimated jets are compatible with all observables.
Eye‑rima oris distance and its relation to the vertical dimension of occlusion measured by two methods: Anthropometric study in a sample of Yemeni dental students
Creators: name: Alhajj, Mohammed Nasser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110502 Dental Therapeutics, Pharmacology and Toxicology

description: Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the distance measured from the distal outer of the eye to the parting line of the lips and the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) measured by two methods. Methods: One hundred and fourteen dental students (76 males and 38 females) were recruited for this study with mean age (22.34 ± 1.83) years. The distance from distal canthus of the eye to rima oris (eye-RO) was compared with two different measurements of the OVD (nasal [N] to gnathion [Gn], and subnasal [Sn] to menton [Me]). All distances were measured using modified digital caliper. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient test for correlations and paired samples t‑test for differences were used with a significant level of (P < 0.05). There was a positive significant correlation between the eye‑RO distance and the two measurements of the OVD. However, this correlation was stronger between eye-RO and the distance from the tip of the nose to the tip of the chin than that between eye-RO and the distance from the septum of the nose to the under of the chin (r = 0.313 with P = 0.0007, r = 0.296 with P = 0.0014), respectively. Conclusion: The distance from the outer canthus of the eye to the parting of the lips seems to be a reliable method in predicting the OVD and should relate to the distance from the tip of the nose to the tip of the chin.
MethyLight droplet digital PCR for detection and absolute quantification of infrequently methylated alleles
Creators: name: Yu, Ming
name: Carter, Kelly T
name: Makar, Karen W
name: Vickers, Kathy
name: Ulrich, Cornelia M
name: Schoen, Robert E
name: Brenner, Dean
name: Markowitz, Sanford D
name: Grady, William M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Aberrant DNA methylation is a common epigenetic alteration found in colorectal adenomas and cancers and plays a role in cancer initiation and progression. Aberrantly methylated DNA loci can also be found infrequently present in normal colon tissue, where they seem to have potential to be used as colorectal cancer (CRC) risk biomarkers. However, detection and precise quantification of the infrequent methylation events seen in normal colon is likely beyond the capability of commonly used PCR technologies. To determine the potential for methylated DNA loci as CRC risk biomarkers, we developed MethyLight droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays and compared their performance to the widely used conventional MethyLight PCR. Our analyses demonstrated the capacity of MethyLight ddPCR to detect a single methylated NTRK3 allele from among more than 3125 unmethylated alleles, 25-fold more sensitive than conventional MethyLight PCR. The MethyLight ddPCR assay detected as little as 19 and 38 haploid genome equivalents of methylated EVL and methylated NTRK3, respectively, which far exceeded conventional MethyLight PCR (379 haploid genome equivalents for both genes). When assessing methylated EVL levels in CRC tissue samples, MethyLight ddPCR reduced coefficients of variation (CV) to 6–65% of CVs seen with conventional MethyLight PCR. Importantly, we showed the ability of MethyLight ddPCR to detect infrequently methylated EVL alleles in normal colon mucosa samples that could not be detected by conventional MethyLight PCR. This study suggests that the sensitivity and precision of methylation detection by MethyLight ddPCR enhances the potential of methylated alleles for use as CRC risk biomarkers.
AGN in the ULIRG HE 0435-5304
Creators: name: Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
name: Bankowicz, Małgorzata
name: Małek, Katarzyna
name: Herzig, Aleksander
name: Pollo, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HE 0435-5304 from Hamburg European Southern Observatory survey is a quasar that appears in the literature with two conflicting redshift values: $\sim 1.2$ and $\sim 0.4$. It was used in the studies of the intergalactic medium through fitting of the narrow absorption lines in its ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. This source is also known historically as a luminous infrared galaxy. We present optical spectra of HE 0435-5304, aiming to precisely measure its redshift and to study its physical properties. In particular, properties of its active nucleus, which is studied in the context of the source being identified here as an ultra-luminous infrared galaxy, allow us to place this quasar in the context of the general population. Fitting the spectra, we focused on modeling H$β$ and [O III] lines. Based on these, we derived the virial black hole mass, bolometric luminosity, and Eddington ratio of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). Additionally, we performed broad band photometry fitting which allows us to quantify host galaxy parameters. The improved redshift value of HE 0435-5304 is estimated to $0.42788 \pm 0.00027$ based on the [O II] line, which is mostly consistent with the narrowest components of the other emission lines. The source was found to be a relatively massive and luminous AGN whose host galaxy is actively forming stars. Although its stellar population seems to be heavily obscured, we did not find evidence for significant obscuration of the nucleus. We conclude that the AGN HE 0435-5304 is a rather prominent iron emitter from the extreme type-A population very close to the narrow-line Seyfert 1 group. The fact that the width of the H$β$ line appears to be systematically growing in its broadest component with time may suggest that this AGN is changing its broad line region. Due to the influence of atmospheric effects, this finding is uncertain.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
3D magnetic field morphology of the Perseus molecular cloud
Creators: name: Tahani, M.
name: Lupypciw, W.
name: Glover, J.
name: Plume, R.
name: West, J. L.
name: Kothes, R.
name: Inutsuka, S.
name: Lee, M-Y.
name: Robishaw, T.
name: Knee, L. B. G.
name: Brown, J. C.
name: Doi, Y.
name: Grenier, I. A.
name: Haverkorn, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite recent observational and theoretical advances in mapping the magnetic fields associated with molecular clouds, their three-dimensional (3D) morphology remains unresolved. Multi-wavelength and multi-scale observations will allow us to paint a comprehensive picture of the magnetic fields of these star-forming regions. We reconstruct the 3D magnetic field morphology associated with the Perseus molecular cloud and compare it with predictions of cloud-formation models. These cloud-formation models predict a bending of magnetic fields associated with filamentary molecular clouds. We compare the orientation and direction of this field bending with our 3D magnetic field view of the Perseus cloud. We use previous line-of-sight and plane-of-sky magnetic field observations, as well as Galactic magnetic field models, to reconstruct the complete 3D magnetic field vectors and morphology associated with the Perseus cloud. We approximate the 3D magnetic field morphology of the cloud as a concave arc that points in the decreasing longitude direction in the plane of the sky (from our point of view). This field morphology preserves a memory of the Galactic magnetic field. In order to compare this morphology to cloud-formation model predictions, we assume that the cloud retains a memory of its most recent interaction. Incorporating velocity observations, we find that the line-of-sight magnetic field observations are consistent with predictions of shock-cloud-interaction models. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the 3D magnetic fields of a molecular cloud have been reconstructed. We find the 3D magnetic field morphology of the Perseus cloud to be consistent with the predictions of the shock-cloud-interaction model, which describes the formation mechanism of filamentary molecular clouds.
description: 13 pages,12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. updated to correct an affiliation
Radio footprints of a minor merger in the Shapley Supercluster: From supercluster down to galactic scales
Creators: name: Venturi, T.
name: Giacintucci, S.
name: Merluzzi, P.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Busarello, G.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: Sikhosana, S. P.
name: Marvil, J.
name: Smirnov, O.
name: Bourdin, H.
name: Mazzotta, P.
name: Rossetti, M.
name: Rudnick, L.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Bruggen, M.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Cassano, R.
name: Di Gennaro, G.
name: Gastaldello, F.
name: Kale, R.
name: Knowles, K.
name: Koribalski, B. S.
name: Heywood, I.
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Norris, R. P.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
name: Tasse, C.
name: Vernstrom, T.
name: Zucca, E.
name: Bester, L. H.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Kanapathippillai, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Shapley Supercluster ($\langle z \rangle\approx0.048$) contains several tens of gravitationally bound clusters and groups, making it it is an ideal subject for radio studies of cluster mergers. We used new high sensitivity radio observations to investigate the less energetic events of mass assembly in the Shapley Supercluster from supercluster down to galactic scales. We created total intensity images of the full region between A 3558 and A 3562, from $\sim 230$ to $\sim 1650$ MHz, using ASKAP, MeerKAT and the GMRT, with sensitivities ranging from $\sim 6$ to $\sim 100$ $μ$Jy beam$^{-1}$. We performed a detailed morphological and spectral study of the extended emission features, complemented with ESO-VST optical imaging and X-ray data from XMM-Newton. We report the first GHz frequency detection of extremely low brightness intercluster diffuse emission on a $\sim 1$ Mpc scale connecting a cluster and a group, namely: A 3562 and the group SC 1329--313. It is morphologically similar to the X-ray emission in the region. We also found (1) a radio tail generated by ram pressure stripping in the galaxy SOS 61086 in SC 1329-313; (2) a head-tail radio galaxy, whose tail is broken and culminates in a misaligned bar; (3) ultrasteep diffuse emission at the centre of A 3558. Finally (4), we confirm the ultra-steep spectrum nature of the radio halo in A 3562. Our study strongly supports the scenario of a flyby of SC 1329-313 north of A 3562 into the supercluster core. [abridged...]
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, A&A accepted
Stellar dating using chemical clocks and Bayesian inference
Creators: name: Moya, A.
name: Sarro, L. M.
name: Delgado-Mena, E.
name: Chaplin, W. J.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Blanco-Cuaresma, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dating stars is a major challenge with a deep impact on many astrophysical fields. One of the most promising techniques for this is using chemical abundances. Recent space- and ground-based facilities have improved the quantity of stars with accurate observations. This has opened the door for using Bayesian inference tools to maximise the information we can extract from them. Our aim is to present accurate and reliable stellar age estimates of FGK stars using chemical abundances and stellar parameters. We used one of the most flexible Bayesian inference techniques (hierarchical Bayesian models) to exceed current possibilities in the use of chemical abundances for stellar dating. Our model is a data-driven model. We used a training set that has been presented in the literature with ages estimated with isochrones and accurate stellar abundances and general characteristics. The core of the model is a prescription of certain abundance ratios as linear combinations of stellar properties including age. We gathered four different testing sets to assess the accuracy, precision, and limits of our model. We also trained a model using chemical abundances alone. We found that our age estimates and those coming from asteroseismology, other accurate sources, and also with ten Gaia benchmark stars agree well. The mean absolute difference of our estimates compared with those used as reference is 0.9 Ga, with a mean difference of 0.01 Ga. When using open clusters, we reached a very good agreement for Hyades, NGC 2632, Ruprecht 147, and IC4651. We also found outliers that are a reflection of chemical peculiarities and/or stars at the limit of the validity ranges of the training set. The model that only uses chemical abundances shows slightly worse mean absolute difference (1.18 Ga) and mean difference (-0.12 Ga).
description: 15 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dolichus (Dolichus) halensis
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Dolichus
Dolichus halensis

description: Dolichus (Dolichus) halensis (Schaller, 1783)
 Material examined: Province of East Azarbaijan: KAleyBAr, 38°54′N 47°03′E, 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, 7 July 2012.
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
MethyLight droplet digital PCR for detection and absolute quantification of infrequently methylated alleles
Creators: name: Yu, Ming
name: Carter, Kelly T
name: Makar, Karen W
name: Vickers, Kathy
name: Ulrich, Cornelia M
name: Schoen, Robert E
name: Brenner, Dean
name: Markowitz, Sanford D
name: Grady, William M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Aberrant DNA methylation is a common epigenetic alteration found in colorectal adenomas and cancers and plays a role in cancer initiation and progression. Aberrantly methylated DNA loci can also be found infrequently present in normal colon tissue, where they seem to have potential to be used as colorectal cancer (CRC) risk biomarkers. However, detection and precise quantification of the infrequent methylation events seen in normal colon is likely beyond the capability of commonly used PCR technologies. To determine the potential for methylated DNA loci as CRC risk biomarkers, we developed MethyLight droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays and compared their performance to the widely used conventional MethyLight PCR. Our analyses demonstrated the capacity of MethyLight ddPCR to detect a single methylated NTRK3 allele from among more than 3125 unmethylated alleles, 25-fold more sensitive than conventional MethyLight PCR. The MethyLight ddPCR assay detected as little as 19 and 38 haploid genome equivalents of methylated EVL and methylated NTRK3, respectively, which far exceeded conventional MethyLight PCR (379 haploid genome equivalents for both genes). When assessing methylated EVL levels in CRC tissue samples, MethyLight ddPCR reduced coefficients of variation (CV) to 6–65% of CVs seen with conventional MethyLight PCR. Importantly, we showed the ability of MethyLight ddPCR to detect infrequently methylated EVL alleles in normal colon mucosa samples that could not be detected by conventional MethyLight PCR. This study suggests that the sensitivity and precision of methylation detection by MethyLight ddPCR enhances the potential of methylated alleles for use as CRC risk biomarkers.
Val Saviana, an "Ancient Wood" archive in the heart of the Southern Rhaetian Alps
Creators: name: Cerrato, Riccardo
name: Salvatore, Maria Cristina
name: Delpero, Gino
name: Baroni, Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The poster was presented at the VIII Young Geomorphologists' Days of 2019 organized by Italian Association of Physical Geography and Geomorphology (AIGeo) held in Milan and Val Veny, Italy.
Scybalicus (Scybalicus) oblongiusculus
Creators: name: Samin, Najmeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Scybalicus
Scybalicus oblongiusculus

description: Scybalicus (Scybalicus) oblongiusculus (Dejean, 1829)
 Material examined: Province of Ardabil: Pars-Abad, 39° 35′N 47°55′E, 1♀, 12 September 2011 .
description: Published as part of Samin, Najmeh, 2015, A study on the ground beetles (Coleoptera ¡ Carabidae) from some regions of Northwestern Iran., pp. 365-372 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 369, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12715038
Dynamic Decay and Superadiabatic Forces in the van Hove Dynamics of Bulk Hard Sphere Fluids
Creators: name: Treffenstädt, Lucas L.
name: Schindler, Thomas
name: Schmidt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical decay of the van Hove function of Brownian hard spheres using event-driven Brownian dynamics simulations and dynamic test particle theory. Relevant decays mechanisms include deconfinement of the self particle, decay of correlation shells, and shell drift. Comparison to results for the Lennard-Jones system indicates the generality of these mechanisms for dense overdamped liquids. We use dynamical density functional theory on the basis of the Rosenfeld functional with self interaction correction. Superadiabatic forces are analysed using a recent power functional approximation. The power functional yields a modified Einstein long-time self diffusion coefficient in good agreement with simulation data.
description: Submission to SciPost Updated to address referee's questions and concerns
Contour dynamics of two-dimensional dark solitons
Creators: name: Kamchatnov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equations for contour dynamics of dark solitons are obtained for the general form of the nonlinearity function. Their self-similar solution which describes the nonlinear stage of the bending instability of dark solitons is studied in detail.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Interpreting Radial Correlation Doppler Reflectometry using Gyrokinetic Simulations
Creators: name: Ruiz, J. Ruiz
name: Parra, F. I.
name: Hall-Chen, V. H.
name: Christen, N.
name: Barnes, M.
name: Candy, J.
name: Garcia, J.
name: Giroud, C.
name: Guttenfelder, W.
name: Hillesheim, J. C.
name: Holland, C.
name: Howard, N. T.
name: Ren, Y.
name: White, A. E.
name: contributors., JET
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A linear response, local model for the DBS amplitude applied to gyrokinetic simulations shows that radial correlation Doppler reflectometry measurements (RCDR, Schirmer et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 49 1019 (2007)) are not sensitive to the average turbulence radial correlation length, but to a correlation length that depends on the binormal wavenumber $k_\perp$ selected by the Doppler backscattering (DBS) signal. Nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations show that the turbulence naturally exhibits a non-separable power law spectrum in wavenumber space, leading to a power law dependence of the radial correlation length with binormal wavenumber $l_r \sim C k_\perp^{-α} (α\approx 1)$ which agrees with the inverse proportionality relationship between the measured $l_r$ and $k_\perp $ in experiments (Fernandez-Marina et al., Nucl. Fusion 54 072001 (2014)). This offers the possibility of characterizing the eddy aspect ratio in the perpendicular plane to the magnetic field and motivates future use of a non-separable turbulent spectrum to quantitatively interpret RCDR and potentially other turbulence diagnostics. The radial correlation length is only measurable when the radial resolution at the cutoff location $W_n$ satisfies $W_n \ll l_r$, while the measurement becomes dominated by $W_n$ for $W_n \gg l_r$. This suggests that $l_r$ is likely inaccessible for electron-scale DBS measurements ($k_\perpρ_s > 1$). The effect of $W_n$ on ion-scale radial correlation lengths could be non-negligible.
description: Total of 13 figures, 36 pages. TEX commands are included in the abstract for mathematical expressions. Submitted to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Development of hard masks for reactive ion beam angled etching of diamond
Creators: name: Chia, Cleaven
name: Machielse, Bartholomeus
name: Shams-Ansari, Amirhassan
name: Loncar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond offers good optical properties and hosts bright color centers with long spin coherence times. Recent advances in angled-etching of diamond, specifically with reactive ion beam angled etching (RIBAE), have led to successful demonstration of quantum photonic devices operating at visible wavelengths. However, larger devices operating at telecommunication wavelengths have been difficult to fabricate due to the increased mask erosion, arising from the increased size of devices requiring longer etch times. We evaluated different mask materials for RIBAE of diamond photonic crystal nanobeams and waveguides, and how their thickness, selectivity, aspect ratio and sidewall smoothness affected the resultant etch profiles and optical performance. We found that a thick hydrogen silesquioxane (HSQ) layer on a thin alumina adhesion layer provided the best etch profile and optical performance. The techniques explored in this work can also be adapted to other bulk materials that are not available heteroepitaxially or as thin films-on-insulator.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Synthetic Hall ladder with tunable magnetic flux
Creators: name: Han, Jeong Ho
name: Bae, Dalmin
name: Shin, Yong-il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a synthetic three-leg Hall ladder system with a tunable magnetic flux for neutral $^{173}$Yb atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice. The ladder legs are formed by three hyperfine ground spin states of the atoms, and the complex interleg links are generated through Raman couplings between the spin states using multiple laser beams. The effective magnetic flux through a ladder plaquette, $ϕ$, is controlled by the angles of the Raman laser beams with the lattice axis. We investigate the quench dynamics of the Hall ladder system for $ϕ\approx\fracπ{3}, \fracπ{2},$ and $\frac{2π}{3}$ after a sudden application of the Raman coupling in various interleg link configurations. The semi-classical trajectory of the atoms in the plane of the spin composition and lattice position exhibits the characteristic motion for the effective magnetic field. In a tube configuration with the three legs cyclically linked, the quench evolution was observed to be substantially damped, which is attributed to the random flux threading the Hall tube.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Chemomechanische Modellierung der Wärmebehandlung von Stählen mit der Phasenfeldmethode
Creators: name: Schoof, Ephraim
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: Die Entwicklung hochfester Stähle kann mithilfe numerischer Verfahren beschleunigt werden. Insbesondere die Phasenfeldmethode hat sich als mächtiges Werkzeug etabliert, um die Mikrostrukturentwicklung auf mesoskopischer Längenskala zu beschreiben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Multiphasenfeldmodelle vorgestellt, um die Gefügeentwicklung während der Wärmebehandlung von Stahl numerisch abzubilden, was im weiteren Verlauf Rückschlüsse auf das Materialverhalten unter mechanischer Belastung ermöglicht. Dabei stehen die Phasenumwandlungen im Fokus, bei denen elastische treibende Kräfte maßgeblich zur Mikrostrukturentwicklung beitragen. Als ein wesentlicher Teil dessen wird ein neues Multiphasenfelmodell zu Simulation der martensitischen Umwandlung entwickelt, das elastische treibende Kräfte verwendet, die auf den mechanischen Sprungbedingungen basieren. Die beim Abschrecken einer ferritischen-austenitischen Mikrostruktur auftretende martensitische Umwandlung wird mithilfe elastischer und elastoplastischer Simulationen untersucht und der resultierende Materialzustand analysiert. Es werden Methoden vorgestellt, um die Energielandschaft zu quantifizieren, die sich nach dem Wachstum einer bainitischen Untereinheit ausbildet, um Aussagen über das Nukleationsverhalten nachfolgender Untereinheiten zu treffen. Zudem wird ein Modell für das Wachstum von Widmanstätten-Ferrit vorgestellt, bei dem die nadelartige Struktur ein Resultat anisotroper Eigendehnungen darstellt. Es wird festgestellt, dass zwei Widmanstätten-Nadeln, die in einem gewissen Abstand zueinander wachsen, über das Spannungsfeld interagieren, wodurch die Morphologie beeinflusst wird. Darüber hinaus wird am Beispiel der Wärmebehandlung von Dualphasenstahl eine digitale Prozesskette aufgebaut, die es ermöglicht, die Auswirkungen einzelner Prozessparameter auf nachfolgende Prozessschritte zu berücksichtigen.
An ethanol extract of Ramulus mori improves blood circulation by inhibiting platelet aggregation
Creators: name: Jiyun Lee
name: Gayeung Kwon
name: Jieun Park
name: Jeong-Keun Kim
name: Choe, Soo Young
name: Yoonhee Seo
name: Lim, Young-Hee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Inappropriate platelet aggregation can cause blood coagulation and thrombosis. In this study, the effect of an ethanol extract of Ramulus mori (ERM) on blood circulation was investigated. The antithrombotic activity of ERM on rat carotid arterial thrombosis was evaluated in vivo, and the effect of ERM on platelet aggregation and blood coagulation time was evaluated ex vivo. To evaluate the safety of ERM, its cytotoxicity to platelets and its effect on tail bleeding time were assessed; ERM was not toxic to rat platelets and did not prolong bleeding time. Moreover, administering ERM to rats had a significant preventive effect on carotid arterial thrombosis in vivo, and significantly inhibited adenosine diphosphate- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo, whereas it did not prolong coagulation periods, such as prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. The results suggest that ERM is effective in improving blood circulation via antiplatelet activity rather than anticoagulation activity. Ex vivo antiplatelet effect of the ethanol extract of Ramulus mori containing 6.79% oxyresveratrol. Platelet aggregation was induced by (A) ADP and (B) collagen.