cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anomalous scaling in the random-force-driven Burgers equation: A Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Mesterhazy, David
name: Jansen, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to determine numerically the statistical behavior of small-scale structures in hydrodynamic turbulence. Starting from the functional integral representation of the random-force-driven Burgers equation we show that Monte Carlo simulations allow us to determine the anomalous scaling of high-order moments of velocity differences. Given the general applicability of Monte Carlo methods, this opens up the possibility to address also other systems relevant to turbulence within this framework.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures; v2: references updated, added some clarifying comments on the applicability of Monte Carlo simulations and an outlook on issues expected to arise for the case of Navier-Stokes turbulence
Looking for symmetric Bell inequalities
Creators: name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Gisin, Nicolas
name: Pironio, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding all Bell inequalities for a given number of parties, measurement settings, and measurement outcomes is in general a computationally hard task. We show that all Bell inequalities which are symmetric under the exchange of parties can be found by examining a symmetrized polytope which is simpler than the full Bell polytope. As an illustration of our method, we generate 238885 new Bell inequalities and 1085 new Svetlichny inequalities. We find, in particular, facet inequalities for Bell experiments involving two parties and two measurement settings that are not of the Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu type.
description: Joined the associated website as an ancillary file, 17 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Discoloration of AISI 420 stainless steel in dependence of inter layer time during Laser-based Powder Bed Fusion
Creators: name: Wahl, Jan Philipp
name: Bernhard, Robert
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Kaierle, Stefan
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: AISI 420
subject: Discoloration
subject: Inter Layer Time
subject: Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Parts built by laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) experience intervals of heating and cooling during the powder deposition and the selective melting of successive layers. Short time intervals of cooling can lead to heat accumulation resulting in discoloration of AISI 420 (X20Cr13) stainless steel parts. Discoloration occurs due to the formation of oxide layers, which negatively affect the corrosion resistance. This process is determined by the time-dependent influence of temperature and oxygen. Therefore, this study investigates effects of varied inter layer time on mechanical PBF-LB part properties and surface characteristics to prevent discoloration. EDX is used to analyze the chemical composition with regard to the chromium content as an indicator of reduced corrosion resistance. The results emphasize the need for implementing an minimum inter layer time greater than 12 s to prevent discoloration during the PBF-LB process with a layer thickness of 20 µm and a volume energy density of 113.3 J/mm3
CO2 laser based welding of borosilicate glass by Laser Glass Deposition
Creators: name: Sleiman, Khodor
name: Legutko, Martin
name: Rettschlag, Katharina
name: Jäschke, Peter
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
name: Kaierle, Stefan
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Borosilicate Glass
subject: Direct Energy Deposition
subject: Glass Welding
subject: Laser Glass Deposition
subject: Laser Welding
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Due to its thermal and chemical resistance, borosilicate glass finds a wide range of applications in optics, chemical laboratories and in glass apparatus engineering. For the manufacturing of complex glass components, the welding of semi-finished glass products is essential. In the majority of industry, this is realized by operating gas burners in manual processes with low efficiencies. Here, laser-based processing offers the advantage of local heating with high efficiency, since borosilicate-glass has a high absorption for CO2-laser radiation. For this purpose, the welding partners are heated with the CO2-laser, while a borosilicate rod is fed under an angle into the welding zone. In this paper, the welding of borosilicate glasses in butt and 90°-angles using CO2-laser irradiation is demonstrated. Prior to the manufacturing of the weld seams with additional material and the examination via 3-point bending tests, parameter studies are performed for the welding of blind weld seams with regard to the weld seam geometry.
Non-Extensive Entropy and Power-Law Inflation: Implications for Observations
Creators: name: Khodam-Mohammadi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores the interaction between non-extensive entropic FLRW cosmology and the power-law inflationary model, with a focus on the overlap between the scalar spectral index `$n_s$' and the tensor-to-scalar ratio `$r$'. Based on a conjecture that non-extensive entropy alters the energy-momentum content of the cosmic fluid, the analysis examines how these overlaps shift with different model parameters and compares the findings to those from Bekenstein-Hawking (BH) entropic cosmology. The study highlights the impact of Tsallis, Rényi, and Sharma-Mittal entropies, uncovering a significant correlation between `$n_s$' and `$r$' that suggests a deeper connection in power-law inflationary dynamics. The results demonstrate that non-extensive entropies not only enable viable inflation with a graceful exit but also address limitations inherent in the standard BH entropic framework, emphasizing the importance of precise parameter estimation. Specifically, Tsallis entropy allows for power-law inflation with $n = 1$ to $n = 2$ in alignment with Planck 2018 data. Moreover, the $α$ parameter in Rényi and Sharma-Mittal entropy models must be extremely small ($α\leq 10^{-8}$ in Planck mass units) to achieve successful power-law inflation with an e-folding number around 55-65, suggesting a unified thermodynamic perspective in cosmological studies.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Quark mass dependence of two-flavor QCD
Creators: name: Creutz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explore the rich phase diagram of two-flavor QCD as a function of the quark masses. The theory involves three parameters, including one that is CP violating. As the masses vary, regions of both first and second order transitions are expected. For non-degenerate quarks, non-perturbative effects cease to be universal, leaving individual quark mass ratios with a renormalization scheme dependence. This raises complications in matching lattice results with perturbative schemes and demonstrates the tautology of attacking the strong CP problem via a vanishing up quark mass.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. Revision adds discussion of robustness for the effective potential model
A unified, flavor symmetric explanation for the t-tbar asymmetry and Wjj excess at CDF
Creators: name: Nelson, Ann E.
name: Okui, Takemichi
name: Roy, Tuhin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple, perturbative, and renormalizable model with a flavor symmetry which can explain both the t-tbar forward-backward asymmetry and the bump feature present in the dijet mass distribution of the W+jj sample in the range 120-160 GeV that was recently reported by the CDF collaboration. The flavor symmetry not only ensures the flavor/CP safety of the model, but also relates the two anomalies unambiguously. It predicts a comparable forward-backward asymmetry in c-cbar. The forward-backward asymmetry in b-bar is, however, small. A bump in the dijet mass distribution in Z+jj sample is also predicted but with a suppressed cross-section.
description: minor changes to text, references added, version to be published in PRD
Escherichia coli FtsZ molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Muthukumar, Vidyalakshmi C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Earlier molecular dynamics studies of the FtsZ protein revealed that the protein has high intrinsic flexibility which the crystal structures cannot reveal. However, the input structure in these simulation studies was based on the available crystal structure data and therefore, the effect of the C-terminal Intrinsically Disordered Region (IDR) of FtsZ could not be observed in any of these studies. Recent investigations have revealed that the C-terminal IDR is crucial for FtsZ assembly in vitro and Z ring formation in vivo. Therefore, in this study, we simulated FtsZ with the IDR. Simulations of the FtsZ monomer in different nucleotide bound forms (without nucleotide, GTP, GDP) were performed. In the conformations of FtsZ monomer with GTP, GTP binds variably with the protein. Such a variable interaction with the monomer has not been observed in any previous simulation studies of FtsZ and not observed in crystal structures. We found that central helix bends towards the C-terminal domain in the GTP bound form, hence, making way for polymerization. A nucleotide dependent shift/rotation of the C-terminal domain was observed in simulation time averaged structures. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Distance Constraint Satisfaction Problems
Creators: name: Bodirsky, Manuel
name: Dalmau, Victor
name: Martin, Barnaby
name: Mottet, Antoine
name: Pinsker, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the complexity of constraint satisfaction problems for templates $Γ$ that are first-order definable in $(\Bbb Z; succ)$, the integers with the successor relation. Assuming a widely believed conjecture from finite domain constraint satisfaction (we require the tractability conjecture by Bulatov, Jeavons and Krokhin in the special case of transitive finite templates), we provide a full classification for the case that Gamma is locally finite (i.e., the Gaifman graph of $Γ$ has finite degree). We show that one of the following is true: The structure Gamma is homomorphically equivalent to a structure with a d-modular maximum or minimum polymorphism and $\mathrm{CSP}(Γ)$ can be solved in polynomial time, or $Γ$ is homomorphically equivalent to a finite transitive structure, or $\mathrm{CSP}(Γ)$ is NP-complete.
description: 35 pages, 2 figures
Assessing of thermal and mechanical properties of stabilized rammed earth walls and evaluating their effectiveness and interactions
Creators: name: Alasvand Zarasvand, Kianoush
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The traditional rammed earth (RE) construction is currently regaining popularity in North America for several reasons: low maintenance cost, high energy efficiency, locally available raw materials, low CO₂ emissions, and better recyclability (Ávila et al., 2022). Previous studies have proved that the strength and durability of RE can be further improved by adding cementitious materials such as Portland cement, fly ash, natural and synthetic fibers, and steel slag. However, no significant research has been conducted to evaluate the thermal behavior of these modified RE materials. In this study, the effect of chemical additives such as cement, wood fly ash, and calcium bentonite on the thermal properties of rammed earth (RE) material is evaluated to assess the viability in hot and cold climates. Compacted and cured hollow RE samples were used for measuring the decrement factor, time lag, and peak temperature. An environmental chamber was used throughout this study to cure the RE specimens under simulated weather conditions. A hot climate, with 40% and 80% humidity and temperature that decreases from 45°c to 27°c with a uniform slope, and a cold climate, with a humidity of 40% and temperature that increases from -7°c to 12°c with a uniform slope, were simulated. Also, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are evaluated using a heat flow meters (Fox 50). While the partial replacement of Cement in RE with fly ash improved the thermal properties of the material in both hot and cold climates, incorporating 15% Calcium bentonite in the mix design further enhanced the thermal efficiency of RE in cold climates. Also, the thermal conductivity tests have shown that substituting a significant fraction of Cement in RE with wood fly ash can improve the thermal conductivity by up to 20%. Hence, the results of this study indicate that the wood ash-stabilized rammed earth is suitable for construction in colder climates.
Technology Sharing - A Realistic Approach
Creators: name: DiLuzio, Rudolph G.
name: Albin, Peter A.
name: DiLuzio, Rudolph G.
name: Albin, Peter A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 17th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 29-30,1976, Boston, MA
TALABA YOSHLAR O'RTASIDA ESTETIK MADANIYATNING O'RNI
Creators: name: Shermatova, Xilola
name: G'anijonova, O'g'iloy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Bu maqolada talaba yoshlar o'rtasida estetik ong, estetik madaniyat, estetik tarbiya tog'risida fikr yuritilgan. Shaxsga qo'yiladigan axloqiy talablariga muvofiq keladigan xulqiy malaka va ko'nikmalat haqida to'xtalib o'tilgan.
Validation of sensor and instrumentation innovations
Creators: name: Mowlem, Matt
name: Achterberg, Eric P.
name: Alcaraz, Daniel
name: Arundell, Martin
name: Aßmann, Steffen
name: Delory, Eric
name: Nielsen, Einar E. G.
name: Fietzek, Peer
name: Hahn, Tobias
name: Harrington, Kevin
name: Janssen, Felix
name: Hansen, Brian Kiltgaard
name: Körtzinger, Arne
name: Metfies, Katja
name: Monk, Sam
name: Murray, Eoin
name: Nehir, Münevver
name: Robidart, Julie
name: Schaap, Allison
name: Simpson, Philippa
name: Sprong, Pim
name: Wolf, Christian
Publisher: name: AtlantOS
Year: 2018

description: Validated prototypes of new and enhanced biogeochemical and biological sensors and instruments. Validation will be undertaken in the laboratory, in test scenarios, and by deployment in operational conditions
The Turán number and probabilistic combinatorics
Creators: name: Aw, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05D40

description: In this short expository article, we describe a mathematical tool called the probabilistic method, and illustrate its elegance and beauty through proving a few well-known results. Particularly, we give an unconventional probabilistic proof of a classical theorem concerning the Turán number $T(n,k,l)$. Surprisingly, this proof cannot be found in existing literature.
description: 5 pages; to appear in Amer. Math. Monthly 2012
Completeness of Flat Coalgebraic Fixpoint Logics
Creators: name: Schröder, Lutz
name: Venema, Yde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: Modal fixpoint logics traditionally play a central role in computer science, in particular in artificial intelligence and concurrency. The mu-calculus and its relatives are among the most expressive logics of this type. However, popular fixpoint logics tend to trade expressivity for simplicity and readability, and in fact often live within the single variable fragment of the mu-calculus. The family of such flat fixpoint logics includes, e.g., LTL, CTL, and the logic of common knowledge. Extending this notion to the generic semantic framework of coalgebraic logic enables covering a wide range of logics beyond the standard mu-calculus including, e.g., flat fragments of the graded mu-calculus and the alternating-time mu-calculus (such as alternating-time temporal logic ATL), as well as probabilistic and monotone fixpoint logics. We give a generic proof of completeness of the Kozen-Park axiomatization for such flat coalgebraic fixpoint logics.
description: Short version appeared in Proc. 21st International Conference on Concurrency Theory, CONCUR 2010, Vol. 6269 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, 2010, pp. 524-538
Design of additively manufacturable injection molds with conformal cooling
Creators: name: Wahl, Jan Philipp
name: Niedermeyer, Jens
name: Bernhard, Robert
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Kaierle, Stefan
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: Conformal Cooling
subject: Injection Molding
subject: Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion
subject: Rapid Tooling
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Additive manufacturing enables the production of intricate geometries including internal structures. This design freedom can be used advantageously to enhance heat transfer in injection molds by means of conformal cooling. The main goal is to reduce cycle times and to improve part quality through uniform cooling of the plastic products. This paper presents cooling design concepts for mold inserts. Their underlying approaches differ with respect to the shape and the cross-sectional geometries of cooling channels. Distinct inserts are additively manufactured by laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) of AISI 420 stainless steel. Experiments are carried out on a custom thermal test bench. Infrared thermography is used to examine the surface temperature, showing a reduction in cooling time by up to 41 % compared to conventional concepts. Additionally, the coolant flow is measured. The evaluation of the cooling characteristics reveal a critical trade-off between cycle time and uniformity of the surface temperature.
GO'ZALLIL/BEAUTY KONSEPTINING OBRAZLI ASPEKTIDAGI QIYOSIY TAHLILI
Creators: name: Ulug'ova, Shoxida
name: Abduvoseyeva, Nozanin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada go'zallik bilan bog'liq xilma-xil nazariyalar, qarashlar va ta'limotlar mavjud. Go'zallik konsepti ham olamning lisoniy manzarasi va idroki bilan bog'liq lisoniy-mental tushuncha sanaladi.
Macroscopic simulation model for laser cutting of carbon fibre reinforced plastics
Creators: name: Keuntje, Jan
name: Mrzljak, Selim
name: Gerdes, Lars
name: Wippo, Verena
name: Kaierle, Stefan
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
name: Walther, Frank
name: Jaeschke, Peter
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: carbon fibre reinforced plastics
subject: finite element method
subject: heat affected zone
subject: laser cutting simulation
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Laser cutting of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) has shown promising potential as an alternative to conventional manufacturing processes. Laser cutting has major benefits of contactless and therefore wear-free machining and high automation potential. The main challenge is to reduce the heat input into the material during the process. Excessive temperatures cause damage within the surrounding matrix material and could locally modify the structural properties of the CFRP. For industrial use it is necessary to be able to predict the resulting temperature fields. To gain knowledge of the temperature distribution during the process, a three-dimensional macroscopic finite element model is developed using ANSYS simulation software. Transient-thermal analyses are performed and the material removal process is implemented via the element-death technique. Simulations are run for a unidirectional composite structure and different cutting speeds. The resulting temperatures are compared to experimental data.
Galaxy clusters at high redshift and evolution of brightest cluster galaxies
Creators: name: Wen, Z. L.
name: Han, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identification of high redshift clusters is important for studies of cosmology and cluster evolution. Using photometric redshifts of galaxies, we identify 631 clusters from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) Wide field, 202 clusters from the CHFT Deep field, 187 clusters from the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) and 737 clusters from the Spitzer Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic survey (SWIRE) field. The redshifts of these clusters are in the range of 0.11, 191 clusters are newly identified, and most of them from the SWIRE field. With this large sample of high redshift clusters, we study the color evolution of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). The colors r'-z' and r^+-m_{3.6μm} of the BCGs are consistent with a stellar population synthesis model in which the BCGs are formed at redshift z_f>2 and evolved passively. The colors g'-z' and B-m_{3.6μm} of the BCGs at redshifts z>0.8 are systematically bluer than the passive evolution model for galaxy formed at z_f~2, indicating star formation in high redshift BCGs.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables; added reference, corrected typos; Table 2 is available at http://zmtt.bao.ac.cn/wzl/CV_wen.htm
Moduli of formal A-modules under change of A
Creators: name: Salch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop methods for computing the restriction map from the cohomology of the automorphism group of a height $dn$ formal group law (i.e., the height $dn$ Morava stabilizer group) to the cohomology of the automorphism group of an $A$-height $n$ formal $A$-module, where $A$ is the ring of integers in a degree $d$ field extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$. We then compute this map for the quadratic extensions of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ and the height $2$ Morava stabilizer group at primes $p>3$. We show that the these automorphism groups of formal modules are closed subgroups of the Morava stabilizer groups, and we use local class field theory to identify the automorphism group of an $A$-height $1$-formal $A$-module with the ramified part of the abelianization of the absolute Galois group of $K$, yielding an action of $Gal(K^{ab}/K^{nr})$ on the Lubin-Tate/Morava $E$-theory spectrum $E_2$ for each quadratic extension $K/\mathbb{Q}_p$. Finally, we run the associated descent spectral sequence to compute the $V(1)$-homotopy groups of the homotopy fixed-points of this action; one consequence is that, for each element in the $K(2)$-local homotopy groups of the Smith-Toda complex $V(1)$, either that element or its dual is detected in the Galois cohomology of the abelian closure of some quadratic extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$.
Exploiting classical nucleation theory for reverse self-assembly
Creators: name: Miller, William L.
name: Cacciuto, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a new method to design interparticle interactions to target arbitrary crystal structures via the process of self-assembly. We show that it is possible to exploit the curvature of the crystal nucleation free-energy barrier to sample and select optimal interparticle interactions for self-assembly into a desired structure. We apply this method to find interactions to target two simple crystal structures: a crystal with simple cubic symmetry and a two-dimensional plane with square symmetry embedded in a three-dimensional space. Finally, we discuss the potential and limits of our method and propose a general model by which a functionally infinite number of different interaction geometries may be constructed and to which our reverse self-assembly method could in principle be applied.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. Published in the Journal of Chemical Physics
Influence of an oxygen-free atmosphere on laser beam brazing of aluminium with prior surface deoxidation by pulsed laser radiation
Creators: name: Aman, Witali
name: Nothdurft, Sarah
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Kaierle, Stefan
name: Szafarska, Maik
name: Gustus, René
name: Maus-Friedrichs, Wolfgang
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: aluminium alloy
subject: laser beam brazing
subject: monosilane
subject: oxide
subject: XHV-adequate
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Aluminium alloys, like AlMgSi1 and AlMg3, cannot be joined in industrial processes by laser beam brazing without the use of fluxes due to their resistant oxide layer. The aim of this study is to dispense with the use of flux. For the investigations, an oxygen-free atmosphere was created by using the highly reactive gas monosilane and thus achieving O2 partial pressures of 10-18 mbar. After removal of the oxides by a laser source with 1064 nm wavelength, pulse energies of max. 0.3 µJ and pulse durations of 45 ns, reoxidation is prevented by the oxygen-free atmosphere, so that brazing is carried out on an oxide-free material surface. The bead on plate seams show a materially bonded brazed joint in cross-section. Reference experiments without monosilane either show no wetting or an increased melting of base material. The influence of laser beam power for brazing, pulse energy for deoxidation and wire feed was investigated.
Influence of laser spot oscillation parameters on the seam geometry and dilution in the LDNA process
Creators: name: Bokelmann, Tjorben
name: Lammers, Marius
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Emadmostoufi, Sobhan
name: Mokrov, Oleg
name: Sharma, Rahul
name: Reisgen, Uwe
name: Kaierle, Stefan
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: Laser spot
subject: LDNA
subject: Oscillation
subject: Pendulum form
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The “Laser-assisted double wire with non-transferred arc surfacing process (LDNA)” is characterized by an electric arc burning between the filling wires. The molten filler material is fed to the substrate surface by gravity and is shaped by a laser beam. In this work, the influence of laser parameters on seam geometry and dilution is investigated. The investigations include a linear and convex pendulum form, a focal length of 300 mm and 400 mm, an oscillation frequency of 10 Hz and a disc laser using a wavelength of 1,030 nm with a power of 1,000 W and 1,400 W. Two 316L filling wires with 1.2 mm and an AISI1024 substrate with 20 mm are used. The change in the dilution and the welding geometry is determined.
The Burdens and Benefits of BART: A Preliminary Case Study of Rapid Transit Impacts
Creators: name: Shunk, Gordon A.
name: English, Wayne
name: Shunk, Gordon A.
name: English, Wayne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 17th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 29-30,1976, Boston, MA
Expert system-supported optimization of laser welding of additively manufactured thermoplastic components
Creators: name: Kuklik, Julian
name: Mente, Torben
name: Wippo, Verena
name: Jaeschke, Peter
name: Kaierle, Stefan
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: additive manufacturing
subject: fused deposition modeling
subject: Laser transmission welding
subject: neuronal network
subject: shear tensile force
subject: transmissivity
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Laser transmission welding (LTW) is a known technique to join conventionally produced thermoplastic parts, e.g. injected molded parts. When using LTW for additively manufactured parts (usually prototypes, small series), this technique has to be evolved to overcome the difficulties in the part composition resulted in the additive manufacturing process itself. In this paper, a method is presented to enhance the weld seam quality of laser welded additively manufactured parts assisted by a neural network-based expert system. To validate the expert system, specimens are additively manufactured from polylactide. The parameters of the additive manufacturing process, the transmissivity, and the LTW process parameters are used to predict the shear tensile force with the neural network. The transparent samples are welded to black absorbent samples in overlap configuration and shear tensile tests are performed. In this work, the prediction of the shear tensile force with an accuracy of 88.1% of the neuronal network based expert system is demonstrated.
Accommodating the charging of plug-in electric vehicles using energy storage systems integrated with renewable generation and demand side management programs
Creators: name: Moradzadeh, Majid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and renewable energy sources (RESs) based distributed generation systems have increasingly been popular in recent years aiming to decrease the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions produced by conventional power plants and internal combustion engine vehicles. The large-scale adoption of PEVs, however, still faces several challenges that need to be thoroughly addressed. Specifically, public and individual charging solutions need to be rapidly deployed to meet the charging requirements of the growing PEV penetration. First, Fast charging stations (FCSs) deployment is required to tackle the otherwise long charging time of PEVs. Second, there is a need to provide adequate access to charging facilities along different highway networks. However, many routes on different highway networks are isolated from the main power grid, where in many cases the expansion of existing power grids to feed charging stations located along these routes may be costly and/or impractical. Third, the growing number of PEVs and the increasing deployment of privately owned home and commercial charging stations can have substantial negative impacts on the electric distribution grid. Motivated by the aforementioned challenges, first, a new comprehensive mixed integer linear programing (MILP) model is proposed for determining the optimal capacity and type of renewable generation and energy storage to minimize the energy costs associated with FCSs, while meeting its performance requirements. Second, a new planning model for fully green charging stations (FGCSs) is investigated and a planning model is proposed for energy storage and renewable energy systems to cover the energy demand of stand-alone charging stations for PEVs entirely using green energy generated by RESs. The proposed models account for generation uncertainties and a wide range of technical and operational characteristics of different energy storage technologies and allows for choosing the optimal combination of ESSs and RESs. Finally, a computationally feasible demand response program framework to accommodate the integration of PEVs in residential distribution systems using the flexible loads already existed at the end users is investigated. The proposed strategy is able to schedule appliances with temporal, inter-temporal, and spatial constraints whose models are derived from physics principles and the participants’ information privacy is preserved.
The superfluid insulator transition of ultra-cold bosons in disordered 1d traps
Creators: name: Vosk, Ronen
name: Altman, Ehud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an effective quantum Josephson array model for a weakly interacting one-dimensional condensate that is fragmented into weakly coupled puddles by a disorder potential. The distribution of coupling constants, obtained from first principles, indicate that weakly interacting bosons in a disorder potential undergo a superfluid insulator transition controlled by a strong randomness fixed point [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 150402 (2004)]. We compute renormalization group flows for concrete realizations of the disorder potential to facilitate finite size scaling of experimental results and allow comparison to the behavior dictated by the strong randomness fixed point. The phase diagram of the system is obtained with corrections to mean-field results.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, expanded version including a calculation of a global phase diagram
Perturbative Hamiltonian constraints for higher order theories
Creators: name: Martinez, S. A.
name: Montemayor, R.
name: Urrutia, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for constructing a consistent low energy canonical formalism for higher order time-derivative theories, extending the Dirac method to include perturbative Hamiltonian constraints. We apply it to two paradigmatic examples: the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator and the Bernard-Duncan scalar field. We also compare the results, both at the classical and quantum level, with the ones corresponding to a direct perturbative construction applied to the exact higher order theory. This comparison highligths the soundness of the present formalism.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures; review section shortened and appendices changed
Pre-employment Background Checks, are they an indelible legal stain causing a barrier to employment?
Creators: name: Taylor, Paul S.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Employment is recognised as an important aspect in a person’s life. The Rehabilitation of Offenders Act (ROA) 1974 supports this by providing a mechanism for past cautions or convictions to be confined to history as being spent. This thesis considers the evolution of this legislation, its implementation and interaction with employment. This is contrasted against the disclosure legislation, spawned from the Police Act 1997, which is designed to protect vulnerable groups. The nature of the competing aims of these two interlinked statutes undermines employment opportunities for both ex-offenders benefitting from the ROA 1974 and those without any proven criminal history or otherwise. A criminal record or other recorded non-criminal or unproven behaviour is of a deeply personal nature. For many years the domestic courts held that pre-employment background checks failed to fall within the confines of Article 8 ECHR. This position morphed in the early 2000’s, with disclosure being recognised as a privacy matter. This brought into question the domestic legislative frameworks, where incompatibility with Article 8 remains. This interaction with Article 8, in terms of legality and necessity, form much of the research as does questioning the fairness of the disclosure legislation. The thesis further highlights the many inconsistencies between the ROA 1974 and the disclosure legislation. Progress to rebalance rehabilitation, privacy, and disclosure, to support employment has moved at a glacial pace, often being stalled by political will. This thesis provides recommendations to support all those involved in the rehabilitation, disclosure, and employment process. The proposals would simplify a complex system and include, spent meaning spent, limiting the powers of the police when considering enhanced disclosure, and increasing the use of professional bodies whilst removing outsourced decision making by employers. The thesis concludes that without fundamental change, disclosure will continue to dominate and the barrier to employment will remain.
Random-matrix theory of thermal conduction in superconducting quantum dots
Creators: name: Dahlhaus, J. P.
name: Béri, B.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the probability distribution of the transmission eigenvalues T_n of Bogoliubov quasiparticles at the Fermi level in an ensemble of chaotic Andreev quantum dots. The four Altland-Zirnbauer symmetry classes (determined by the presence or absence of time-reversal and spin-rotation symmetry) give rise to four circular ensembles of scattering matrices. We determine P({T_n}) for each ensemble, characterized by two symmetry indices βand γ. For a single d-fold degenerate transmission channel we thus obtain the distribution P(g) ~ g^{-1+β/2}(1-g)^{γ/2} of the thermal conductance g (in units of d π^2 k_B^2 T_0/6h at low temperatures T_0). We show how this single-channel limit can be reached using a topological insulator or superconductor, without running into the problem of fermion doubling.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; V2: corrected typo (missing absolute value sign in exponent) in equation 5
Walking Distances To Bus Stops
Creators: name: Piper, Robert R.
name: Chan, Eugenia K.Y.
name: Glover, Robert S.
name: Piper, Robert R.
name: Chan, Eugenia K.Y.
name: Glover, Robert S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 17th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 29-30,1976, Boston, MA
Observational constraints on Galileon cosmology
Creators: name: Nesseris, Savvas
name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmology of a covariant Galileon field with five covariant Lagrangians and confront this theory with the most recent cosmological probes: the type Ia supernovae data (Constitution and Union2 sets), cosmic microwave background (WMAP7) and the baryon acoustic oscillations (SDSS7). In the Galileon cosmology with a late-time de Sitter attractor, there is a tracker that attracts solutions with different initial conditions to a common trajectory. Including the cosmic curvature K, we place observational constraints on two distinct cases: (i) the tracker, and (ii) the generic solutions to the equations of motion. We find that the tracker solution can be consistent with the individual observational data, but it is disfavored by the combined data analysis. The generic solutions fare quite well when a non-zero curvature parameter is taken into account, but the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria show that they are not particularly favored over the LCDM model.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Kenya Transport-Energy Futures
Creators: name: Dixon, James
name: Pierard Manzano, Elena
name: Onjala, Joseph
name: Mwanzia, Patrick
name: Ondanje, Warren
name: Brand, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Kenya Transport-Energy Futures (KTEF) project aims to develop decision support tools to assist policymakers at county, national and international scales in testing out credible futures of the transport-energy system given different policy and scenario pathways. The future of the transport system, and that of the wider energy system in which it is enveloped, will determine Kenya’s ability to meet its targets in economic development [1] and climate mitigation [2]. These transport-energy futures are outcomes of a complex web of systems; they are driven by policy in the transport-energy sector and across the wider economy, and wider changes in society that cannot directly be controlled (including socio-economic changes, such as changes in a population’s age distribution, and broader shifts in travel demand, such as a population’s propensity for leisure travel). In developing decision support tools, a strategic transport-energy systems model, the Transport Energy Air pollution Model (TEAM) [3], has been adapted to the Kenyan case from the UK case in which it was originally developed. [1] Government of Kenya, “Vision 2030,” 2008. https://vision2030.go.ke/ [2] Government of Kenya, “Updated NDC,” 2021. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Kenya%27s First NDC %28updated version%29.pdf [3] C. Brand, J. Anable, and C. Morton, “Transport Energy and Air pollution Model (TEAM),” 2019. https://ukerc.ac.uk/project/team-model/ (accessed Feb. 04, 2022).
Attitudes Towards Intercultural Closeness: Before And After, Learning As Part Of An Academic Course And Performing A Joint Assignment In Mixed Groups: Bedouin Muslim Students And Jewish Students At A Teacher Training College In The South Of The State Of Israel
Creators: name: Ofer Gat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Teacher Training, Education For Multiculturalism, Education And Culturalism, Cultural Closeness, Multicultural Campus
Multicultural Education

description: Due to the cultural-social characteristics of the State of Israel in the shadow of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, many academic institutions raise many dilemmas dealing with issues of multiculturalism, interculturalism and education for a common society. One of the main challenges that characterize this process is the fact that the main goal of the students from both companies is to acquire an academic degree and not to join this ideological movement voluntarily. This semester seeks to examine whether joint academic work in mixed groups, in an academic course, will lead to intercultural rapprochement due to the setting of a common achievement goal. 109 undergraduate students in teaching at the Kay Academic College of Education in the city of Beer Sheva in the south of the State of Israel participated in the study. 100 women and 9 men, in the age range between 18-40; 63 Jews and 45 Muslims - Bedouins. Two questionnaires were posted: a cultural affinity questionnaire and a questionnaire to evaluate a program of meetings between Jewish and Arab children that were completed before and after - at the beginning and at the end of the course. The results of the study indicate negative attitudes towards intercultural closeness as a starting point among the Jewish students with a non-significant improvement trend towards some of the indicators in filling out the questionnaire in the second measurement. The intensity of the attitudes towards cultural closeness in both questionnaires among the Bedouin Muslim students is higher in both measurements but indicates a decreasing trend - after learning the courses and completing the joint academic task.
Topological carbon defects based catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and oxygen
Creators: name: Dong, Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Defect engineering is a promising strategy for tailoring the electronic structure and charge distribution of catalysts, which could achieve unexpected physical and chemical properties to enhance the catalytic activity and durability. Recently, defect engineering is widely used in the design of carbon-based catalysts for electrochemical reactions. However, most of the research involving carbon defects relates to the heteroatom defects. The concept of topological carbon defects has been proposed and investigated in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but the exploration of topological carbon defects is still in its infancy. The design of carbon materials with high density homogeneous topological carbon defects and their extended application in other key electrochemical reactions are still big challenges. In this thesis, an efficient NH3 thermal treatment strategy is proposed for thoroughly removing pyrrolic N and pyridinic N dopants from N-enriched porous carbon particles, to create high-density topological carbon defects in carbon frameworks. The as-prepared 3-dimensional topological defected porous carbon (DPC) particles are investigated by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements and local density of states analysis, and the defect formation mechanism is revealed by reactive molecular dynamics simulations. The resultant DPC is used as an electrocatalyst in electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (ECR), yielding a superficial current density of -2.8 mA cm⁻² (-28 A m⁻²) with Faradaic efficiency of 95% for CO generation at 25 °C and 101 kPa in 0.1 M KHCO₃ aqueous solution. The role of the topological carbon defects is analyzed in ECR. Then the carbon-based material enriched with topological defects is selected to serve as a substrate material to investigate the heterojunction effect of Pt and topological carbon defects. Both experimental characterizations and theoretical simulations reveal that the strong Pt-defect interaction can modify the electronic structure and charge distribution on the interface of the catalyst. Different Pt-defect coupling catalysts are prepared and the influence of the topological carbon defects on Pt are analyzed. Pt supported on DPC (Pt-DPC) catalyst achieves a 55 mV positive shift of half-wave potential for ORR in O2 saturated 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte compared with commercial Pt catalyst on graphitized carbon at 25 °C and 101 kPa.
Collective Bargaining in Mass Transit
Creators: name: Smith, Jay A.
name: Jennings, Kenneth M.
name: Traynham, Earle C.
name: Smith, Jay A.
name: Jennings, Kenneth M.
name: Traynham, Earle C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 17th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 29-30,1976, Boston, MA
Political Feasibility of Implementing Automobile Control Measures: A Case Study of Southern California
Creators: name: Petersen, Gary
name: Banerjee, Frances T.
name: Petersen, Gary
name: Banerjee, Frances T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 17th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 29-30,1976, Boston, MA
Avrami exponent under transient and heterogeneous nucleation transformation conditions
Creators: name: Sinha, I.
name: Mandal, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model for isothermal transformation kinetics is universal under specific assumptions. However, the experimental Avrami exponent deviates from the universal value. In this context, we study the effect of transient heterogeneous nucleation on the Avrami exponent for bulk materials and also for transformations leading to nanostructured materials. All transformations are assumed to be polymorphic. A discrete version of the KJMA model is modified for this purpose. Scaling relations for transformations under different conditions are reported.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures Accepted for publication in Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids