cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Extreme Ultraviolet Variability of Quasars
Creators: name: Punsly, Brian
name: Marziani, Paola
name: Zhang, Shaohua
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: O'Dea, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) variability (rest frame wavelengths 500 - 920 $Å$) of high luminosity quasars using HST (low to intermediate redshift sample) and SDSS (high redshift sample) archives. The combined HST and SDSS data indicates a much more pronounced variability when the sampling time between observations in the quasar rest frame is $> 2\times 10^{7}$ sec compared to $< 1.5\times 10^{7}$ sec. Based on an excess variance analysis, for time intervals $< 2\times 10^{7}$ sec in the quasar rest frame, $10\%$ of the quasars (4/40) show evidence of EUV variability. Similarly, for time intervals $>2\times 10^{7}$ sec in the quasar rest frame, $55\%$ of the quasars (21/38) show evidence of EUV variability. The propensity for variability does not show any statistically significant change between $2.5\times 10^{7}$ sec and $3.16\times 10^{7}$ sec (1 yr). The temporal behavior is one of a threshold time interval for significant variability as opposed to a gradual increase on these time scales. A threshold time scale can indicate a characteristic spatial dimension of the EUV region. We explore this concept in the context of the slim disk models of accretion. We find that for rapidly spinning black holes, the radial infall time to the plunge region of the optically thin surface layer of the slim disk that is responsible for the preponderance of the EUV flux emission (primarily within 0 - 7 black hole radii from the inner edge of the disk) is consistent with the empirically determined variability time scale.
description: To appear in ApJ
Cutaneous vasculitis : lessons from Covid-19 and Covid-19 vaccination
Creators: name: Corrà, Alberto
name: Verdelli, Alice
name: Mariotti, Elena Biancamaria
name: Di Calabria, Valentina Biancamaria
name: Quintarelli, Lavinia
name: Aimo, Cristina
name: Sunderkötter, Cord H.
name: Caproni, Marzia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Cutaneous vasculitis (CV) is an inflammatory skin-limited vascular disease affecting the dermal and/or hypodermal vessel wall. From the pathogenetic point of view, idiopathic forms are described as well as the induction from various triggers, such as drugs, infections, and vaccines. Following SARS-CoV-2 pandemic outbreak, cases of CV induced by both COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccinations have been reported in literature. The aim of our work was to collect multiple cases available in the literature and analyze the frequency of the different forms of induced vasculitis, as well as their histological and immunopathological features. Although rare, CV induced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and vaccines may provide interesting insights into the pathogenesis of these inflammatory processes that may in the future be useful to understand the mechanisms underlying cutaneous and systemic vasculitis.
CTD2022: Vecpar - a portable parallelization library
Creators: name: Mania, Georgiana
name: Styles, Nicholas
name: Kuhn, Michael
name: Salzburger, Andreas
name: Yeo, Beom Ki
name: Ludwig, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: As High Energy Physics collider experiments continue to push the boundaries of instantaneous luminosity, the corresponding increase in particle multiplicities pose significant computing challenges. Although most of today's supercomputers provide shared-memory nodes and accelerators to boost the performance of scientific applications, the usage of latest hardware has little impact unless the code exposes parallelism. Therefore, several frameworks have been developed to support parallel execution on different architectures, but the performance gain is usually obtained by either compromising on portability or requiring significant effort to adopt, both of which can be issues for experiments' developer communities. In this talk, we introduce a new portability framework which aims to reduce the programming effort in porting and maintaining code that targets heterogeneous architectures, while ensuring improved wall-clock run times over the initial sequential implementation. Different parallelization strategies and ways of combining them are also discussed together with the known limitations. Additionally, we show preliminary performance measurements on a 4th order Runge-Kutta-Nyström stepper implementation from the ACTS GPU R&D project detray, which demonstrate the library's potential even though it is still in the early development stage.
Song is the Secret of of Existence: Fairouz and the Arab Diaspora in London and Doha
Creators: name: Issa, Dima
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019
Subjects: Fairouz
diaspora
Arab
habitus
iltizam (commitment)

description: Nestling in the hearts and minds of her listeners, the Lebanese singer and performer, Fairouz, travels across land and seas, offering gentle reminders of the past or inspiring hope for the future. With the objective of exploring the role that Fairouz plays in the lives of the Arab diaspora, this project examines possible identity constructions and concepts of belonging, investigating how Fairouz factors in diasporic space and how her music offers opportunities to navigate individual and social positions in such space. Through an ethnographic study, focusing on in-depth interviews, narratives of 59 members of the Arab diaspora living in Doha, Qatar and London, England were heard, understood and categorised thematically, highlighting how music can elucidate and situate experiences of migration, positioning listeners on a fluctuating continuum, which moves beyond standard private and public lines of domesticity, nationalism and religion. The role of affect in drawing and maintaining these lines is explored in depth, especially in its relation to the ways participants position themselves across space and time. Essentially, discussing Fairouz meant discussing diasporic life, bringing to the surface notions of Arabness and authenticity, presence and absence, naturalization and citizenship, and the issue of gender. Importantly, conversations with the research respondents shed light on the idea of iltizam (commitment), in relation to those trajectories, showcasing how members of the Arab diaspora hold on to attributes that they feel define and differentiate them from others. Topics of memory are also discussed, illuminating the ways in which Fairouz allows for reflection on past and present, as well as providing a sense of foretelling the future. Drifting through generations, Fairouz is an inherited artist and icon, allowing musical continuity and harbouring timeless appeal. Fairouz thus paves the way for discussion on everyday practices, contributing to the expanding fields of Arab Cultural studies, Diasporic studies and Fairouz studies.
Translational analysis and final efficacy of the AVETUX trial - : avelumab, cetuximab and FOLFOX in metastatic colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Tintelnot, Joseph
name: Ristow, Inka
name: Sauer, Markus
name: Simnica, Donjete
name: Schultheiß, Christoph
name: Scholz, Rebekka
name: Goekkurt, Eray
name: Wenserski, Lisa
name: Willscher, Edith
name: Paschold, Lisa
name: Lorenzen, Sylvie
name: Riera Knorrenschild, Jorge
name: Depenbusch, Reinhard
name: Ettrich, Thomas J.
name: Dörfel, Steffen
name: Al-Batran, Salah-Eddin
name: Karthaus, Meinolf
name: Pelzer, Uwe
name: Hinke, Axel
name: Bauer, Marcus
name: Massa, Barbara
name: Seliger, Barbara
name: Wickenhauser, Claudia
name: Bokemeyer, Carsten
name: Hegewisch-Becker, Susanna
name: Binder, Mascha
name: Stein, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Introduction: In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has so far been limited to patients with microsatellite instability high tumors (MSI-H). Unfortunately, most mCRC patients suffer from non-immunogenic microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Therefore, new combinatorial strategies are urgently needed to enhance the immunogenicity of MSS tumors to finally increase the number of patients benefiting from ICB. Methods: The AVETUX trial aimed to combine the PD-L1 antibody avelumab with the standard of care chemotherapy combination FOLFOX and the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab. Furthermore, we performed a central radiological review of the pre- and on-treatment computed tomography scans to better define the individual response to treatment. Results and Discussion: In total, 43 patients were treated of which 39 patients were confirmed as RAS/BRAF wildtype in central tissue review and finally response evaluated. A final progression-free survival (PFS) of 11.1 (range: 0.8 to 22.3 months) and a herein updated final overall survival (OS) of 32.9 months (range: 0.8 to 47.1 months) was reached. We observed a strong median depth of response of 67.5% tumor shrinkage and deepness of response correlated significantly with survival. On the other hand, early tumor shrinkage was not an indicator of better outcome at a cut-off of 20% (median values). In a next step, we correlated the individual best radiological response with potential ICB response biomarkers and found that the clonality and diversity, but not frequency of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TiLs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), strongly correlated with response. In summary, we report the final overall survival of the AVETUX trial and propose T cell clonality and diversity as a potential marker to predict response to chemo-immunotherapy combinations in MSS mCRC by performing a central radiological review.
Efficient Algorithm for Scalable Event-based Demand Response Management in Microgrids
Creators: name: Karapetyan, Areg
name: Khonji, Majid
name: Chau, Chi-Kin
name: Elbassioni, Khaled
name: Zeineldin, H. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Demand response management has become one of the key enabling technologies for smart grids. Motivated by the increasing demand response incentives offered by service operators, more customers are subscribing to various demand response programs. However, with growing customer participation, the problem of determining the optimal loads to be curtailed in a microgrid during contingencies within a feasible time frame becomes computationally hard. This paper proposes an efficient approximation algorithm for event-based demand response management in microgrids. In event-based management, it is important to curtail loads as fast as possible to maintain the stability of a microgrid during the islanded mode in a scalable manner. A simple greedy approach is presented that can rapidly determine a close-to-optimal load curtailment scheme to maximize the aggregate customer utility in milliseconds for a large number of customers. This paper further derives a novel theoretical guarantee of the gap between the proposed efficient algorithm and the optimal solution (that may be computationally hard to obtain). The performance of algorithm is corroborated extensively by simulations with up to thousands of customers. For the sake of practicality, the proposed event-based demand response management algorithm is applied to a feeder from the Canadian benchmark distribution system. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach efficiently optimizes microgrid operation during islanded mode while maintaining appropriate voltage levels and network constrains.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Deep Learning Level-3 Electron Trigger for CLAS12
Creators: name: Tyson, Richard
name: Gavalian, Gagik
name: Ireland, David
name: McKinnon, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast, efficient and accurate triggers are a critical requirement for modern high-energy physics experiments given the increasingly large quantities of data that they produce. The CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS12) employs a highly efficient electron trigger to filter the amount of recorded data by requiring at least one electron in each event, at the cost of a low purity in electron identification. Machine learning algorithms are increasingly employed for classification tasks such as particle identification due to their high accuracy and fast processing times. In this article, we show how a convolutional neural network could be deployed as a Level 3 electron trigger at CLAS12. We demonstrate that the AI trigger would achieve a significant data reduction compared to the traditional trigger, whilst preserving a 99.5\% electron identification efficiency. The AI trigger purity as a function of increased luminosity is improved relative to the traditional trigger. As a consequence, this AI trigger can achieve a data recording reduction improvement of 0.33\% per nA when compared to the traditional trigger whilst maintaining an efficiency above 99.5\%. A reduction in data output also reduces storage costs and post-processing times, which in turn reduces the time to the publication of new physics measurements.
The Digital Turn in Indian Film Sound: Ontologies and Aesthetics
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Indranil
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019

description: My project maps film sound practices in India against the backdrop of the digital turn. It is a critical-historical account of the transitional era, roughly from 1998 to 2018, and examines practices and decisions taken ‘on the ground’ by film sound recordists, editors, designers and mixers. My work explores the histories and genealogies of the transition by analysing the individual, as well as collective, aesthetic concerns of film workers migrating from the celluloid to the digital age. My inquiry aimed to explore linkages between the digital turn and shifts in production practices, notably sound recording, sound design and sound mixing. The study probes the various ways in which these shifts shaped the aesthetics, styles, genre conventions, and norms of image-sound relationships in Indian cinema in comparison with similar practices from Euro-American film industries. I analysed nearly 60 hours of interviews I conducted with sound practitioners in India, examined trade magazines, online journals, the personal blogs of practitioners, technological literature from corporations like Dolby and Barco, and, as case studies, analysed the soundtrack of key Indian films from both the analogue and the digital eras. While my research clearly indicated significant shifts from the analogue to the digital era in India – increased stratification of sound recording and editing processes, aggressive adoption of multichannel sounds, wider acceptance of sync sound, the increasing dominance of the sound designer – it also revealed that many of the analogue era practices remain deeply embedded within digital era conventions. Moreover, technologies and practices from the Euro-American context have undergone substantial ‘Indianisation’ during the process of their adoption. I argue that digital technology, while reshaping deeply institutionalized practices of the analogue era, contributed to particularly radical changes in the practices of sound recording and editing in the digital era in India. While this dissertation is an ethnographic investigation of ‘living history’, it is largely informed by film sound theory, and seeks to achieve a balance between empirically grounded historical research and film theory.
Intellectual Commons: The Normative Perspective
Creators: name: Broumas, Antonios
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019

description: This thesis examines the moral significance of the intellectual commons and proposes appropriate modes for their regulation with the aim of accommodating their social potential. In the course of exploring their normative aspects, the thesis proceeds successively by analysing (i) the ontological characteristics of the intellectual commons, (ii) the relevant literature concerning their potential and interrelation with capital, (iii) the ways that they been shaped by law across history, (iv) their circuits of value, and (iv) their elements which bear moral significance. The thesis concludes by outlining the fundamentals of a normative theory for the intellectual commons. The thesis offers an overall analysis of the intellectual commons with the aim of grounding a holistic normative theory for their regulation by the law. The ontological part of the thesis examines the elements, characteristics, tendencies and manifestations of the intellectual commons and their potential for society from the perspective of processual ontology. Furthermore, its methodological part presents the main theories of the intellectual commons from the prism of critical epistemology and sketches out their divergent approaches on the relation between the intellectual commons and capital. In addition, its historical part exhibits the historical evolution of the cultural commons and their interrelation with law and society. Accordingly, the thesis features extensive social research concerning the ways that social value is generated, circulated, pooled together and redistributed within and beyond the communities of the intellectual commons and concerning the dialectics between commons-based and monetary values. The final normative part of the thesis analyses the moral dimension of the intellectual commons. Throughout its analysis, the thesis adheres to the methodological choices of critical theory. The thesis demonstrates that the intellectual commons are a social regime for the regulation of intellectual production, distribution and consumption, which bears moral significance. The contemporary formations of the intellectual commons feature elements of inherent moral value, have the potential to produce outcomes of net social benefit and underpin freedom, justice and democracy in ways, which justify their protection and promotion by the law. Morality thus requires the enactment of an independent body of statutory rules to protect the intellectual commons from encroachment by private enclosures and to promote commons-based practices in the form of a non-commercial sphere of creativity and innovation in all aspects of intellectual production, distribution and consumption.
Genome-wide association screening determines peripheral players in male fertility maintenance
Creators: name: Greither, Thomas
name: Behre, Hermann M.
name: Herlyn, Holger
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Deciphering the functional relationships of genes resulting from genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that are associated with phenotypic variations can be challenging. However, given the common association with certain phenotypes, a functional link should exist. We have tested this prediction in newly sequenced exomes of altogether 100 men representing different states of fertility. Fertile subjects presented with normal semen parameters and had naturally fathered offspring. In contrast, infertile probands were involuntarily childless and had reduced sperm quantity and quality. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) linked twelve non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to fertility variation between both cohorts. The SNPs localized to nine genes for which previous evidence is in line with a role in male fertility maintenance: ANAPC1, CES1, FAM131C, HLA-DRB1, KMT2C, NOMO1, SAA1, SRGAP2, and SUSD2. Most of the SNPs residing in these genes imply amino acid exchanges that should only moderately affect protein functionality. In addition, proteins encoded by genes from present GWAS occupied peripheral positions in a protein–protein interaction network, the backbone of which consisted of genes listed in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database for their implication in male infertility. Suggestive of an indirect impact on male fertility, the genes focused were indeed linked to each other, albeit mediated by other interactants. Thus, the chances of identifying a central player in male infertility by GWAS could be limited in general. Furthermore, the SNPs determined and the genes containing these might prove to have potential as biomarkers in the diagnosis of male fertility.
Maximum Power Output of Quantum Heat Engine with Energy Bath
Creators: name: Liu, Shengnan
name: Ou, Congjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The difference between quantum isoenergetic process and quantum isothermal process comes from the violation of the law of equipartition of energy in the quantum regime. To reveal an important physical meaning of this fact, here we study a special type of quantum heat engine consisting of three processes: isoenergetic, isothermal and adiabatic processes. Therefore, this engine works between the energy and heat baths. Combining two engines of this kind, it is possible to realize the quantum Carnot engine. Furthermore, considering finite velocity of change of the potential shape, here an infinite square well with moving walls, the power output of the engine is discussed. It is found that the efficiency and power output are both closely dependent on the initial and final states of the quantum isothermal process. The performance of the engine cycle is shown to be optimized by control of the occupation probability of the ground state, which is determined by the temperature and the potential width. The relation between the efficiency and power output is also discussed.
description: 17pages,5figures
Heart failure and cardiorenal syndrome : a narrative review on pathophysiology, diagnostic and therapeutic regimens : from a cardiologist’s view
Creators: name: Mitsas, Angelos C.
name: Elzawawi, Mohamed
name: Mavrogeni, Sophie
name: Boekels, Michael
name: Khan, Asim
name: Eldawy, Mahmoud
name: Stamatakis, Ioannis
name: Kouris, Dimitrios
name: Daboul, Baraa
name: Gunkel, Oliver
name: Bigalke, Boris
name: Gisteren, Ludger
name: Almaghrabi, Saifalislam
name: Noutsias, Michel
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: In cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), heart failure and renal failure are pathophysiologically closely intertwined by the reciprocal relationship between cardiac and renal injury. Type 1 CRS is most common and associated with acute heart failure. A preexistent chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) in CRS type 1 patients (acute cardiorenal syndrome). The remaining CRS types are found in patients with chronic heart failure (type 2), acute and chronic kidney diseases (types 3 and 4), and systemic diseases that affect both the heart and the kidney (type 5). Establishing the diagnosis of CRS requires various tools based on the type of CRS, including non-invasive imaging modalities such as TTE, CT, and MRI, adjuvant volume measurement techniques, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, and biomarkers. Albuminuria and Cystatin C (CysC) are biomarkers of glomerular filtration and integrity in CRS and have a prognostic impact. Comprehensive “all-in-one” magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approaches, including cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) combined with functional MRI of the kidneys and with brain MRI are proposed for CRS. Hospitalizations due to CRS and mortality are high. Timely diagnosis and initiation of effective adequate therapy, as well as multidisciplinary care, are pertinent for the improvement of quality of life and survival. In addition to the standard pharmacological heart failure medication, including SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), renal aspects must be strongly considered in the context of CRS, including control of the volume overload (diuretics) with special caution on diuretic resistance. Devices involved in the improvement of myocardial function (e.g., cardiac resynchronization treatment in left bundle branch block, mechanical circulatory support in advanced heart failure) have also shown beneficial effects on renal function.
Artificial intelligence for antiviral drug discovery in low resourced settings : a perspective
Creators: name: Namba-Nzanguim, Cyril T.
name: Turon, Gemma
name: Simoben, Conrad V.
name: Tietjen, Ian
name: Montaner, Luis J.
name: Efange, Simon M. N.
name: Duran, Miquel
name: Ntie-Kang, Fidele
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Current antiviral drug discovery efforts face many challenges, including development of new drugs during an outbreak and coping with drug resistance due to rapidly accumulating viral mutations. Emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) methods can accelerate anti-infective drug discovery and have the potential to reduce overall development costs in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), which in turn may help to develop new and/or accessible therapies against communicable diseases within these countries. While the marketplace currently offers a plethora of data-driven AI/ML tools, most to date have been developed within the context of non-communicable diseases like cancer, and several barriers have limited the translation of existing tools to the discovery of drugs against infectious diseases. Here, we provide a perspective on the benefits, limitations, and pitfalls of AI/ML tools in the discovery of novel therapeutics with a focus on antivirals. We also discuss available and emerging data sharing models including intellectual property-preserving AI/ML. In addition, we review available data sources and platforms and provide examples for low-cost and accessible screening methods and other virus-based bioassays suitable for implementation of AI/ML-based programs in LMICs. Finally, we introduce an emerging AI/ML-based Center in Cameroon (Central Africa) which is currently developing methods and tools to promote local, independent drug discovery and represents a model that could be replicated among LMIC globally.
Superconducting ground state study of valence skip compound AgSnSe$_2$
Creators: name: Kataria, A.
name: Arushi
name: Sharma, S.
name: Agarwal, T.
name: Pula, M.
name: Beare, J.
name: Yoon, S.
name: Cai, Y.
name: Kojima, K. M.
name: Luke, G. M.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The valence-skipped superconductors are natural candidates for unconventional superconductivity, as they can exhibit a negative effective, attractive interaction for electron-pairing. This work reports comprehensive XRD, magnetization, specific heat and muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements ($μ$SR) on a valence-skipped compound: AgSnSe$_2$. The temperature dependence of the electronic specific heat ($C_{el}(T)$) and of the upper critical field ($H_{c2}(T)$) provide evidence of two-gap superconductivity, which is also confirmed by our transverse-field $μ$SR measurements. Our zero-field $μ$SR measurements suggest preserved time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting ground state of AgSnSe$_2$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Leaf nutritional content, tree richness, and season shape the caterpillar functional trait composition hosted by trees
Creators: name: Anttonen, Perttu
name: Li, Yi
name: Chesters, Douglas
name: Davrinche, Andréa Marie
name: Haider, Sylvia Simone Rebekka
name: Bruelheide, Helge
name: Chen, Jing-Ting
name: Wang, Ming-Qiang
name: Ma, Keping
name: Zhu, Chao-Dong
name: Schuldt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 590

description: Nutritional content of host plants is expected to drive caterpillar species assemblages and their trait composition. These relationships are altered by tree richness-induced neighborhood variation and a seasonal decline in leaf quality. We tested how key functional traits related to the growth and defenses of the average caterpillar hosted by a tree species are shaped by nutritional host quality. We measured morphological traits and estimated plant community-level diet breadth based on occurrences from 1020 caterpillars representing 146 species in a subtropical tree diversity experiment from spring to autumn in one year. We focused on interspecific caterpillar trait variation by analyzing presence-only patterns of caterpillar species for each tree species. Our results show that tree richness positively affected caterpillar species-sharing among tree species, which resulted in lowered trait variation and led to higher caterpillar richness for each tree species. However, community-level diet breadth depended more on the nutritional content of host trees. Higher nutritional quality also supported species-poorer but more abundant communities of smaller and less well-defended caterpillars. This study demonstrates that the leaf nutritional quality of trees shapes caterpillar trait composition across diverse species assemblages at fine spatial scales in a way that can be predicted by ecological theory.
CTD2022: Implementation of ACTS into LDMX track reconstruction
Creators: name: Butti, Pierfrancesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The Light Dark Matter eXperiment (LDMX) is a planned electron-beam fixed-target missing-momentum experiment that has unique sensitivity to light Dark Matter in the sub-GeV range. The tracker is a low-mass, fast, silicon-based detector divided into two sub-detectors: a tagger tracker upstream of the target used to accurately measure the incoming electron and a recoil tracker downstream optimized to maximize the recoil electron acceptance. Both of the trackers are installed within a dipole providing a 1.5 T field with the recoil tracker immersed within the fringe field. LDMX also features a high-granularity Si-W sampling electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), for accurate shower discrimination and minimum ionizing particle tracking and a scintillator based sampling hadronic calorimeter primarily as a background veto detector. Tracking is of paramount importance to LDMX reaching its physics goals as it has to efficiently and precisely reconstruct particles trajectories between 50MeV – 8GeV in the trackers, with an accurate treatment of material effects and magnetic field non-uniformity. Tracking will also be used to reconstruct hadron tracklets in the ECal which are important in rejecting rare photo-nuclear reactions. For these reasons, the LDMX experiment has implemented a reconstruction framework based on the A Common Tracking Software (ACTS) suite. This talk aims to report the performance status of ACTS in this tracking environment, including comparisons of different track fitting algorithms provided, as well as results linked to the usage of Machine Learning techniques for seed finding and tracking in dense materials.
Effects of CO2 phase state on the seismological properties of porous materials: implications for seismic monitoring of volcanic hazards and sequestered carbon
Creators: name: Schmitt, Douglas R.
name: Dávila, Gabriela
name: Yam, Helen
name: Njiekak, Gautier
name: Kofman, Randolf
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Observed wavespeeds
“Priming” as a novel strategy to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy
Creators: name: Mould, Rhys
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019

description: Aims The purpose of this thesis was to examine and quantify the effects of the short-chain fatty acid acetate, a by-product of the microbial fermentation of dietary fibre, on the metabolism of cancer cells, and to test whether acetate can sensitize cells to apoptosis induced by anti-cancer drugs, by a process known as priming. Methods To examine the effects of acetate, several markers of metabolism were assayed in 3 cell lines HCT116 (Human colon cancer), MCF7 (Human breast cancer) and the control cell line MCF10 (non-cancerous human breast) following 24-hour acetate treatment in doses ranging from 1-25 mM. Reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ were measured with fluorescent spectroscopy. Mitochondrial function was measured using the SeaHorse XFE Analyser and 2-photon-NADH FLIM. Mitochondrial morphology was assessed with confocal microscopy. To determine whether acetate could prime cells for death, changes in proliferation were measured with the MTT cell viability assay and levels of apoptosis induction were measured with Annexin-V FITC flow cytometry. Results Acetate induced a state of oxidative stress in the HCT116 and MCF7 cancer cell lines, indicated by an average 17.5% significant decrease in mitochondrial basal respiration, increased ROS production (significant 24% average increase across the two cancer cell lines), and increased Ca2+ levels (significant 22% average). Whilst ROS and Ca2+ were elevated in the non-cancerous cell line, there was no significant change in mitochondrial basal respiration, suggesting that acetate treatment did not cause oxidative stress in healthy cells. When cancer cells were primed with 10 mM acetate 24 hours prior to treatment with cisplatin, there was an average 1.85-fold increase in apoptosis compared to treatment with the drug by itself. This effect was not observed in the non-cancerous cell line. Conclusions Priming has been shown to have the potential to improve the efficacy of pre-existing chemotherapeutic agents. With cancer incidence increasing worldwide, there is a need to improve current treatments without exacerbating side effects and impairing patient quality of life. In this thesis, I show that acetate improves the effectiveness of cisplatin in inducing apoptosis, by selectively inducing oxidative stress in a cancer cell line model. My work highlights a new mechanism for the action of acetate and adds further evidence that priming can be used as a safe, effective method to improve chemotherapeutic treatment.
Beta-decay study of $T_z=-2$ proton-rich nucleus $^{20}$Mg
Creators: name: Sun, L. J.
name: Xu, X. X.
name: Lin, C. J.
name: Wang, J. S.
name: Fang, D. Q.
name: Li, Z. H.
name: Wang, Y. T.
name: Li, J.
name: Yang, L.
name: Ma, N. R.
name: Wang, K.
name: Zang, H. L.
name: Wang, H. W.
name: Li, C.
name: Shi, C. Z.
name: Nie, M. W.
name: Li, X. F.
name: Li, H.
name: Ma, J. B.
name: Ma, P.
name: Jin, S. L.
name: Huang, M. R.
name: Bai, Z.
name: Wang, J. G.
name: Yang, F.
name: Jia, H. M.
name: Zhang, H. Q.
name: Liu, Z. H.
name: Bao, P. F.
name: Wang, D. X.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Yang, Y. Y.
name: Zhou, Y. J.
name: Ma, W. H.
name: Chen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $β$ decay of the drip-line nucleus $^{20}$Mg gives important information on resonances in $^{20}$Na, which are relevant for the astrophysical $rp$-process. A detailed $β$ decay spectroscopic study of $^{20}$Mg was performed by a continuous-implantation method. A detection system was specially developed for charged-particle decay studies, giving improved spectroscopic information including the half-life of $^{20}$Mg, the excitation energies, the branching ratios, and the log $ft$ values for the states in $^{20}$Na populated in the $β$ decay of $^{20}$Mg. A new proton branch was observed and the corresponding excited state in $^{20}$Na was proposed. The large isospin asymmetry for the mirror decays of $^{20}$Mg and $^{20}$O was reproduced, as well. However, no conclusive conclusion can be draw about the astrophysically interesting 2645~keV resonance in $^{20}$Na due to the limited statistics.
CTD2022: traccc - GPU Track reconstruction demonstrator for HEP
Creators: name: Yeo, Beomki
name: Kusiak, Konrad Aleksander
name: Leggett, Charles
name: Mania, Georgiana
name: Niermann, Joana
name: Styles, Nicholas
name: Swatman, Stephen Nicholas
name: Salzburger, Andreas
name: GRASLAND, Hadrien
name: Gessinger, Paul
name: Gray, Heather
name: Joube, Sylvain
name: Krasznahorkay, Attila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: In the future HEP experiments, there will be a significant increase in computing power required for track reconstruction due to the large data size. As track reconstruction is inherently parallelizable, heterogeneous computing with GPU hardware is expected to outperform the conventional CPUs. To achieve better maintainability and high quality of track reconstruction, a host-device compatible event data model and tracking geometry are necessary. However, such a flexible design can be challenging because many GPU APIs restrict the usage of modern C++ features and also have a complicated user interface. To overcome those issues, the ACTS community has launched several R&D projects: traccc as a GPU track reconstruction demonstrator, detray as a GPU geometry builder, and vecmem as a GPU memory management tool. The event data model of traccc is designed using the vecmem library, which provides an easy user interface to host and device memory allocation through C++ standard containers. For a realistic detector design, traccc utilizes the detray library which applies compile-time polymorphism in its detector description. A detray detector can be shared between the host and the device, as the detector subcomponents are serialized in a vecmem-based container. Within traccc, tracking algorithms including hit clusterization and seed finding have been ported to multiple GPU APIs. In this presentation, we highlight the recent progress in traccc and present benchmarking results of the tracking algorithms.
Instantaneous spreading versus space localization for nonrelativistic quantum systems
Creators: name: Coutinho, F. A. B.
name: Wreszinski, W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theorem of Hegerfeldt (Instantaneous spreading and Einstein causality in quantum theory, Ann. Phys. Leipzig vol. 7, 716-725 (1998)) establishes, for a class of quantum systems, a dichotomy between those which are permanently localized in a bounded region of space, and those exhibiting instantaneous spreading. We analyse in some detail the physical inconsistencies which follow from both of these options, and formulate which, in our view, are the basic open problems.
description: 21 pages
Prioritizing ecological connectivity among protected areas in Colombia using a functional approach for birds
Creators: name: Linero Triana, Daniela
name: Correa Ayram, Camilo Andrés
name: , Velásquez-Tibatá
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: connectivity
protected areas
biodiversity conservation
bird conservation

description: Raster datasets (resolution ~300 meters) showing the results of a multispecies bird connectivity model. This analysis was conducted to identify critical sites for maintaining and restoring the ecological connectivity among Protected Areas (PAs) in Colombia. To perform the analysis, we selected a set of 26 focal bird species that use forested habitats but exhibit a wide variety of home range sizes and dispersal abilities. We modeled least-cost corridors for each species based on expert criteria, species distribution models, and climate and land cover data. We then applied circuit theory models to identify pinch points or movement bottlenecks as priority conservation areas within the corridors. We also used the least-cost approach to locate forest restoration opportunities with the potential to improve connectivity among PAs. Subsequently, we used individual species results to create multispecies composite maps highlighting spatial agreements for corridors, priority conservation areas, and restoration opportunities. The zip file includes: Multispecies composite maps of least-cost corridors among national and subnational protected areas.
 Multispecies composite maps of pinch points, or priority connectivity sites, within least-cost corridors.
 Multispecies composite maps of restoration opportunities with the potential to improve connectivity among protected areas.
 For more information visit the preprint: https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.09.12.557382v1
On a generalization of the three spectral inverse problem
Creators: name: Boyko, O. P.
name: Martynyuk, O. M.
name: Pivovarchik, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a generalization of the three spectral inverse problem, that is, for given spectrum of the Dirichlet-Dirichlet problem (the Sturm-Liouville problem with Dirichlet conditions at both ends) on the whole interval $[0,a]$, parts of spectra of the Dirichlet-Neumann and Dirichlet-Dirichlet problems on $[0,a/2]$ and parts of spectra of the Dirichlet-Newman and Dirichlet-Dirichlet problems on $[a/2,a]$, we find the potential of the Sturm-Liouville equation.
description: Published in Methods of Functional Analysis and Topology (MFAT), available at http://mfat.imath.kiev.ua/article/?id=842
Multifractal methodology
Creators: name: Salat, Hadrien
name: Murcio, Roberto
name: Arcaute, Elsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various methods have been developed independently to study the multifractality of measures in many different contexts. Although they all convey the same intuitive idea of giving a "dimension" to sets where a quantity scales similarly within a space, they are not necessarily equivalent on a more rigorous level. This review article aims at unifying the multifractal methodology by presenting the multifractal theoretical framework and principal practical methods, namely the moment method, the histogram method, multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MDFA) and modulus maxima wavelet transform (MMWT), with a comparative and interpretative eye.
Spin-glass behavior and pyroelectric anomalies in a new lithium-based oxide, Li3FeRuO5
Creators: name: Upadhyay, Sanjay Kumar
name: Paulose, P. L.
name: Iyer, Kartik K
name: Sampathkumaran, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of dc and ac magnetization, heat-capacity, 57Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy, dielectric, pyroelectric current and isothermal magneto-capacitance measurements on a recently reported lithium-based oxide, Li3FeRuO6, related to LiCoO2-type rhombohedral structure (space group, R-3m) are presented. The results reveal that the compound undergoes spin-glass freezing below 15 K. There is a peak around 34 K in pyroelectric data, which can not be attributed to ferroelectricity, but to the phenomenon of thermally stimulated depolarization current. As revealed by magnetocapacitance data above and below magnetic ordering temperature, magnetic and electric dipoles appear to be coupled, thereby offering evidence for magnetodielectric coupling.
description: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, in press. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1607.08689
CTD2022: Line Segment Tracking in the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Sathia Narayanan, Balaji Venkat
name: Yagil, Avi
name: Wang, Bei
name: Vourliotis, Emmanouil
name: Tadel, Matevz
name: Elmer, Peter
name: Wittich, Peter
name: Chang, Philip
name: Krutelyov, Slava
name: Reid, Tres
name: Gu, Yanxi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The major challenge posed by the high instantaneous luminosity in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) motivates efficient and fast reconstruction of charged particle tracks in a high pile-up environment. While there have been efforts to use modern techniques like vectorization to improve the existing classic Kalman Filter based reconstruction algorithms, we take a fundamentally different approach by doing a bottom-up reconstruction of tracks. Our algorithm, called Line Segment Tracking, constructs small track stubs from adjoining detector regions, and then successively links these track stubs that are consistent with typical track trajectories. Since the production of these track stubs is localized, they can be made in parallel, which lends way into using architectures like GPUs and multi-CPUs to take advantage of the parallelism. We establish an implementation of our algorithm in the context of the CMS Phase-2 Tracker which runs on NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPUs, and measure the physics performance and the computing time.
Radial velocities and metallicities of red giant stars in the old open cluster NGC 7762
Creators: name: Carraro, Giovanni
name: Semenko, Eugene
name: Villanova, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and discuss radial velocity and the very first metallicity measurements for nine evolved stars in the poorly known old open cluster NGC 7762. We isolated eight radial velocity cluster members and one interloper. Radial velocities are in good agreement with previous studies. NGC 7762 turns out to be of solar metallicity within the uncertainties ([Fe/H]=0.04$\pm$0.12). For this metallicity, the cluster age is 2.5$\pm$0.2 Gyr, and falls in a age range where only a few old open clusters are known. With respect to previous studies, we find a larger distance, implying the cluster to be located at 900$^{+70}_{-50}$ pc from the Sun. For most of the elements we measure solar-scaled abundance ratios. We searched the literature for open clusters of similar age in the solar vicinity and found that NGC 7762 can be considered a twin of Ruprecht 147, a similar age cluster located at only 300 pc from the Sun. In fact, beside age, also metallicity and abundance ratios are very close to Ruprecht 147 values within the observational uncertainties.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal