cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
$ρ$ Meson Decays of Heavy Hybrid Mesons
Creators: name: Zhang, Liang
name: Huang, Peng-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the $ρ$ meson couplings between the heavy hybrid doublets H^h/S^h/M^h/T^h and the ordinary q\bar{Q} doublets in the framework of the light-cone QCD sum rule. The sum rules obtained rely mildly on the Borel parameters in their working regions. The resulting coupling constants are rather small in most cases.
Camera ready copy template (Vietnam).docx
Creators: name: Huy, Phạm
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 70403 Fisheries Management
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Accurate identification at species level is vital for successful ichthyoplankton monitoring programs and management of important fish stocks. However, morphological identification can be difficult due to low interspecies variability, especially in the early stages as fish eggs and larvae. This study aims to apply DNA barcodes (16S rRNA and COI mtDNA) to identify Ichthyoplankton at Vung Tau coastal water, Southeast Vietnam. Ichthyoplankton samples were collected monthly from February to August, 2021. Sample collection in June and July was interrupted due to Covid 19 pandemic. A total of 28 species (of 41 DNA barcodes) from 13 families and 11 orders were identified, among which 13 species successfully identified to the species level. Two species (Sardinella gibbosa and Nemipterus furcosus) of eggs and larvae were shown to match with the adult fish barcodes. In this study, the group of dragonet fish exhibited diversity in species composition, and were found from February to May, however, no egg specimens were recorded. These significant findings have proven the efficiency of universal DNA barcoding in an ichthyoplankton surveys, serving as the basis for sustainable fishery resource management
Isoperimetric weights and generalized uncertainty inequalities in metric measure spaces
Creators: name: Martin, Joaquim
name: Milman, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the recent $L^{1}$ uncertainty inequalities obtained by Dall'ara-Trevisan to the metric setting. For this purpose we introduce a new class of weights, named *isoperimetric weights*, for which the growth of the measure of their level sets $μ(\{w\leq r\})$ can be controlled by $rI(r),$ where $I$ is the isoperimetric profile of the ambient metric space. We use isoperimetric weights, new *localized Poincaré inequalities*, and interpolation, to prove $L^{p},1\leq p
description: 32 pages, made a few minor changes and corrections
Plug-and-Play Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Kim, Yong-Su
name: Choi, Yujun
name: Kwon, Osung
name: Han, Sang-Wook
name: Moon, Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) gaurantees unconditional communication security based on the laws of quantum physics. However, practical QKD suffers from a number of quantum hackings due to the device imperfections. From the security standpoint, measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is in the limelight since it eliminates all the possible loopholes in detection. Due to active control units for mode matching between the photons from remote parties, however, the implementation of MDI-QKD is highly impractical. In this article, we propose a novel method in which the indistinguishability issue is resolved without any active control unit. By introducing Plug-and-Play (P&P) concept into MDI-QKD, the indistinguishability between photons can naturally be guaranteed. We show the feasibility of P&P MDI-QKD with a proof-of-principle experiment.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Frontal parietal control network regulates the anti-correlated default and dorsal attention networks
Creators: name: Gao, Wei
name: Lin, Weili
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Recent reports demonstrate the anti-correlated behaviors between the default and the dorsal attention (DA) networks. We aimed to investigate the roles of the frontal parietal control (FPC) network in regulating the two anti-correlated networks through three experimental conditions, including resting, continuous self-paced/attended sequential finger tapping (FT), and natural movie watching (MW), respectively. The two goal-directed tasks were chosen to engage either one of the two competing networks—FT for DA whereas MW for default. We hypothesized that FPC will selectively augment/suppress either network depending on how the task targets the specific network; FPC will positively correlate with the target network, but negatively correlate with the network anti-correlated with the target network. We further hypothesized that significant causal links from FPC to both DA and DF are present during all three experimental conditions, supporting the initiative regulating role of FPC over the two opposing systems. Consistent with our hypotheses, FPC exhibited a significantly higher positive correlation with DA (P = 0.0095) whereas significantly more negative correlation with default (P = 0.0025) during FT when compared to resting. Completely opposite to that observed during FT, the FPC was significantly anti-correlated with DA (P = 2.1e-6) whereas positively correlated with default (P = 0.0035) during MW. Furthermore, extensive causal links from FPC to both DA and DF were observed across all three experimental states. Together, our results strongly support the notion that the FPC regulates the anti-correlated default and DA networks.
Scalable photonic network architecture based on motional averaging in room temperature gas
Creators: name: Borregaard, J.
name: Zugenmaier, M.
name: Petersen, J. M.
name: Shen, H.
name: Vasilakis, G.
name: Jensen, K.
name: Polzik, E. S.
name: Sørensen, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum interfaces between photons and ensembles of atoms have emerged as powerful tools for quantum technologies. A major objective for such interfaces is high fidelity storage and retrieval of a photon in a collective quantum state of many atoms. This requires long-lived collective superposition states, which is typically achieved with immobilized atoms. Thermal atomic vapors, which present a simple and scalable resource, have, so far, only been used for continuous variable processing or for discrete variable processing on short time scales where atomic motion is negligible. We develop a theory based on the concept of motional averaging to enable room temperature discrete variable quantum memories and coherent single photon sources. We show that by choosing the interaction time so that atoms kept under spin protecting conditions can cross the light beam several times during the interaction combined with suitable spectral filtering, we erase the "which atom" information and obtain an efficient and homogenous coupling between all atoms and the light. Heralded single excitations can thus be created and stored as collective spinwaves, which can later be read out to produce coherent single photons in a scalable fashion. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach to scalable quantum memories with a proof-of-principle experiment with room temperature atoms contained in microcells with spin protecting coating, placed inside an optical cavity. The experiment is performed at conditions corresponding to a few photons per pulse and clearly demonstrates a long coherence time of the forward scattered photons, which is the essential feature of the motional averaging.
description: 22 pages total, the first 10 pages are the main article and the remaining pages are the supplemental material
The mass accretion rate of galaxy clusters: a measurable quantity
Creators: name: De Boni, Cristiano
name: Serra, Ana Laura
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Giocoli, Carlo
name: Baldi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of measuring the mass accretion rate (MAR) of galaxy clusters from their mass profiles beyond the virial radius $R_{200}$. We derive the accretion rate from the mass of a spherical shell whose inner radius is $2R_{200}$, whose thickness changes with redshift, and whose infall velocity is assumed to be equal to the mean infall velocity of the spherical shells of dark matter halos extracted from $N$-body simulations. This approximation is rather crude in hierarchical clustering scenarios where both smooth accretion and aggregation of smaller dark matter halos contribute to the mass accretion of clusters.Nevertheless, in the redshift range $z=[0,2]$, our prescription returns an average MAR within $20-40 \%$ of the average rate derived from the merger trees of dark matter halos extracted from $N$-body simulations. The MAR of galaxy clusters has been the topic of numerous detailed numerical and theoretical investigations, but so far it has remained inaccessible to measurements in the real universe. Since the measurement of the mass profile of clusters beyond their virial radius can be performed with the caustic technique applied to dense redshift surveys of the cluster outer regions, our result suggests that measuring the mean MAR of a sample of galaxy clusters is actually feasible. We thus provide a new potential observational test of the cosmological and structure formation models.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, minor text modifications to match the published version, typos corrected
Longitudinally guided level sets for consistent tissue segmentation of neonates
Creators: name: Shi, Feng
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Yap, Pew-Thian
name: Lin, Weili
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Wang, Li
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Quantification of brain development as well as disease-induced pathologies in neonates often requires precise delineation of white matter, grey matter and cerebrospinal fluid. Unlike adults, tissue segmentation in neonates is significantly more challenging due to the inherently lower tissue contrast. Most existing methods take a voxel-based approach and are limited to working with images from a single time-point, even though longitudinal scans are available. We take a different approach by taking advantage of the fact that the pattern of the major sulci and gyri are already present in the neonates and generally preserved but fine-tuned during brain development. That is, the segmentation of late-time-point image can be used to guide the segmentation of neonatal image. Accordingly, we propose a novel longitudinally guided level-sets method for consistent neonatal image segmentation by combining local intensity information, atlas spatial prior, cortical thickness constraint, and longitudinal information into a variational framework. The minimization of the proposed energy functional is strictly derived from a variational principle. Validation performed on both simulated and in vivo neonatal brain images shows promising results.
Data Product Specification for Carbon Indicator Tier 1 (Computed at Parcel Level)
Creators: name: Laurent, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: carbon indicator, agro environmental monitoring, CO2, carbo storage, carbon flux, CO@ flux

description: The NIVA UC1b pilot has developed a set of tools to compute agro-environmental indicators about carbon storage, nitrate leaching and biodiversity. This data product specification aims to document the characteristics of data about carbon indicator Tier 1 . It is organised following the principles of ISO 19131 (Data Specification Product for geographic information). Tier1 Indicators are basic indicators using only public data, such as Sentinel images, agricultural parcel from the information systems of Paying Agencies (IACS) or topographic data. This indicator is based on a scientific method elaborated by a previous European project and is based on data widely available in EU: agricultural parcels coming from national or regional IACS (CAP payment information system including the GSAA: Geo-Spatial Aid Application) and Sentinel-2 data. The computation open-source tool was developed by the French partners of NIVA (INRAE, ASP, IGN) and tested in several areas in Europe by other NIVA partners. The computation tool and its documentation is available on : https://gitlab.com/nivaeu/uc1b_tier1_co2
Disruption of cortical integration during midazolam-induced light sedation: Effects of Midazolam-Induced Sedation on RSNs
Creators: name: Jia, Wenbin
name: Zhang, Han
name: Xu, Yachao
name: Li, Kuncheng
name: Liang, Peipeng
name: Zang, Yufeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This work examines the effect of midazolam‐induced light sedation on intrinsic functional connectivity of human brain, using a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over, within‐subject design. Fourteen healthy young subjects were enrolled and midazolam (0.03 mg/kg of the participant's body mass, to a maximum of 2.5 mg) or saline were administrated with an interval of one week. Resting‐state fMRI was conducted before and after administration for each subject. We focus on two types of networks: sensory related lower‐level functional networks and higher‐order functions related ones. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify these resting‐state functional networks. We hypothesize that the sensory (visual, auditory, and sensorimotor) related networks will be intact under midazolam‐induced light sedation while the higher‐order (default mode, executive control, salience networks, etc.) networks will be functionally disconnected. It was found that the functional integrity of the lower‐level networks was maintained, while that of the higher‐level networks was significantly disrupted by light sedation. The within‐network connectivity of the two types of networks was differently affected in terms of direction and extent. These findings provide direct evidence that higher‐order cognitive functions including memory, attention, executive function, and language were impaired prior to lower‐level sensory responses during sedation. Our result also lends support to the information integration model of consciousness. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4247–4261, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Continuity of the path delay operator for dynamic network loading with spillback
Creators: name: Han, Ke
name: Piccoli, Benedetto
name: Friesz, Terry L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65, 35B30, 90B10, 90B20

description: This paper establishes the continuity of the path delay operators for dynamic network loading (DNL) problems based on the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model, which explicitly capture vehicle spillback. The DNL describes and predicts the spatial-temporal evolution of traffic flow and congestion on a network that is consistent with established route and departure time choices of travelers. The LWR-based DNL model is first formulated as a system of partial differential algebraic equations (PDAEs). We then investigate the continuous dependence of merge and diverge junction models with respect to their initial/boundary conditions, which leads to the continuity of the path delay operator through the wave-front tracking methodology and the generalized tangent vector technique. As part of our analysis leading up to the main continuity result, we also provide an estimation of the minimum network supply without resort to any numerical computation. In particular, it is shown that gridlock can never occur in a finite time horizon in the DNL model.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological (2015)
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Multi-Scale Modeling for High Burnup Accident-Tolerant Fuels for Light Water-Based SMR Applications
Creators: name: Hassan, Md. Shamim
name: Khan, Abid Hossain
name: Verma, Richa
name: Kumar, Dinesh
name: Kobayashi, Kazuma
name: Usman, Shoaib
name: Alam, Syed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The concept of small modular reactor has changed the outlook for tackling future energy crises. This new reactor technology is very promising considering its lower investment requirements, modularity, design simplicity, and enhanced safety features. The application of artificial intelligence-driven multi-scale modeling (neutronics, thermal hydraulics, fuel performance, etc.) incorporating Digital Twin and associated uncertainties in the research of small modular reactors is a recent concept. In this work, a comprehensive study is conducted on the multiscale modeling of accident-tolerant fuels. The application of these fuels in the light water-based small modular reactors is explored. This chapter also focuses on the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the design optimization, control, and monitoring of small modular reactors. Finally, a brief assessment of the research gap on the application of artificial intelligence to the development of high burnup composite accident-tolerant fuels is provided. Necessary actions to fulfill these gaps are also discussed.
Adopting Cultivation to Remain Pastoralists: The Diversification of Maasai Livelihoods in Northern Tanzania
Creators: name: Leslie, Paul W.
name: DeLuca, Laura
name: McCabe, J. Terrence
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Over the past four decades, Maasai pastoralists in Tanzania have adopted agriculture, integrating it with their traditional pastoralism. This livelihood diversification has complex origins and profound implications for Maasai social organization, culture, and demography, and ultimately for their health and well being and for the local and regional environment. In this paper, we examine the process by which this engagement with, and increasing dependence upon, agriculture came about in Ngorongoro District, northern Tanzania. The process there was more complex and influenced by a wider variety of factors than has been reported by previous descriptions of Maasai livelihood diversification. It generally involved two stages: planting a garden first, and later expanding the garden to a farm. We found that some households adopted cultivation out of necessity, but far more did so by choice. Among the latter, some adopted cultivation to reduce risk, while for others it was a reflection of changing cultural and social norms. Motivations for adopting cultivation differed among people of different wealth categories. Diversification was part of wider cultural changes, and was also influenced by power differentials among Maasai age sets and by government policies.
Coping with Natural Hazards in a Conservation Context: Resource-Use Decisions of Maasai Households During Recent and Historical Droughts
Creators: name: McCabe, J. Terrence
name: Miller, Brian W.
name: Leslie, Paul W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Analyzing people’s decisions can reveal key variables that affect their behaviors. Despite the demonstrated utility of this approach, it has not been applied to livelihood decisions in the context of conservation initiatives. We used ethnographic decision modeling in combination with qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to examine the herding decisions of Maasai households living near Tarangire National Park (TNP) during recent and historical droughts. The effects of the establishment of TNP on herding practices during drought were different than anticipated based on the size and reliability of several prominent resource areas that are now within the park. We found little evidence of people relying on these swamps and rivers for watering cattle during historical droughts; rather, these sites were more commonly used as grazing areas for small stock and wet-season grazing areas for cattle to avoid disease carried by calving wildebeest. Yet during the 2009 drought, many herders moved their livestock – especially cattle from outside of the study area – toward TNP in search of grazing. Our analysis of herding decisions demonstrates that resource-use decisions are complex and incorporate a variety of information beyond the size or reliability of a given resource area, including contextual factors (e.g., disease, conflict, grazing) and household factors (e.g., social capital, labor, herd size). More broadly, this research illustrates that pairing decision modeling with QCA is a structured approach to identifying these factors and understanding how opportunities, constraints, and perceptions influence how people respond to changes in resource access.
Cubic threefolds, Fano surfaces and the monodromy of the Gauss map
Creators: name: Krämer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14K12, 14F05, 18D10

description: The Tannakian formalism allows to attach to any subvariety of an abelian variety an algebraic group in a natural way. The arising groups are closely related to moduli questions such as the Schottky problem, but their geometric interpretation is still mysterious. We show that for the theta divisor on the intermediate Jacobian of a cubic threefold, the Tannaka group is an exceptional group of type E_6. This is the first known exceptional case, and it suggests a connection with the monodromy of the Gauss map.
description: Some typos corrected, references updated
Ambipolar Diffusion in the Lower Solar Atmosphere: MHD Simulations of a Sunspot
Creators: name: MacBride, Conor D.
name: Jess, David B.
name: Khomenko, Elena
name: Grant, Samuel D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the solar atmosphere are often performed under the assumption that the plasma is fully ionized. However, in the lower solar atmosphere a reduced temperature often results in only the partial ionization of the plasma. The interaction between the decoupled neutral and ionized components of such a partially ionized plasma produces ambipolar diffusion. To investigate the role of ambipolar diffusion in propagating wave characteristics in the photosphere and chromosphere, we employ the Mancha3D numerical code to model magnetoacoustic waves propagating through the atmosphere immediately above the umbra of a sunspot. We solve the non-ideal MHD equations for data-driven perturbations to the magnetostatic equilibrium and the effect of ambipolar diffusion is investigated by varying the simulation to include additional terms in the MHD equations that account for this process. Analyzing the energy spectral densities for simulations with/without ambipolar diffusion, we find evidence to suggest that ambipolar diffusion plays a pivotal role in wave characteristics in the weakly ionized low density regions, hence maximizing the local ambipolar diffusion coefficient. As a result, we propose that ambipolar diffusion is an important mechanism that requires careful consideration into whether it should be included in simulations, and whether it should be utilized in the analysis and interpretation of particular observations of the lower solar atmosphere.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Efficient Transduction of Vascular Endothelial Cells with Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 1 and 5 Vectors
Creators: name: Campbell-Thompson, Martha
name: Samulski, Richard J.
name: Berns, Kenneth I.
name: Madsen, Kirsten M.
name: Tisher, C. Craig
name: Flotte, Terence R.
name: Zolotukhin, Sergei
name: Chen, Sifeng
name: Agarwal, Anupam
name: Atkinson, Mark A.
name: Kapturczak, Matthias
name: Loiler, Scott A.
name: Hauswirth, William W.
name: Glushakova, Olena Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has become an attractive tool for gene therapy because of its ability to transduce both dividing and nondividing cells, elicit a limited immune response, and the capacity for imparting long-term transgene expression. Previous studies have utilized rAAV serotype 2 predominantly and found that transduction of vascular cells is relatively inefficient. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the transduction efficiency of rAAV serotypes 1 through 5 in human and rat aortic endothelial cells (HAEC and RAEC). rAAV vectors with AAV2 inverted terminal repeats containing the human α1-antitrypsin (hAAT) gene were transcapsidated using helper plasmids to provide viral capsids for the AAV1 through 5 serotypes. True type rAAV2 and 5 vectors encoding β-galactosidase or green fluorescence protein were also studied. Infection with rAAV1 resulted in the most efficient transduction in both HAEC and RAEC compared to other serotypes (p < 0.001) at 7 days posttransduction. Interestingly, expression was increased in cells transduced with rAAV5 to levels surpassing rAAV1 by day 14 and 21. Transduction with rAAV1 was completely inhibited by removal of sialic acid with sialidase, while heparin had no effect. These studies are the first demonstration that sialic acid residues are required for rAAV1 transduction in endothelial cells. Transduction of rat aortic segments ex vivo and in vivo demonstrated significant transgene expression in endothelial and smooth muscle cells with rAAV1 and 5 serotype vectors, in comparison to rAAV2. These results suggest the unique potential of rAAV1 and rAAV5-based vectors for vascular-targeted gene-based therapeutic strategies.
A cognitive balance approach to understanding intergroup attitudes in post-Brexit Northern Ireland
Creators: name: Loughnane, Jack
name: ROTH, JENNY
name: Van Tilburg, Wijnand
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Cognitive balance theory posits that a drive for cognitively consistent thoughts modulates interpersonal relations. We extended cognitive balance theory to intergroup relations and tested it in a real-life setting where intergroup relations are under strain: Northern Ireland in the wake of the UK's withdrawal from the EU. We predicted that when the groups of Irish people and British people in Northern Ireland are perceived as more compatible, intergroup bias would be lower than when groups are perceived as less compatible. We collected data of residents of Northern Ireland before the UK's official withdrawal from the EU (N=604) and after (N=350). As hypothesized, attitudes towards British people positively related to attitudes towards Irish people when participants perceived the groups as more compatible. We found the opposite relationship at low levels of perceived compatibility. Exploratory cross-lagged panel analyses did not show that these effects occurred longitudinally, suggesting that cognitive balance does not drive judgements over time possibly because people are less likely to notice inconsistent responses across different time points. The present research demonstrates that intergroup attitudes assessed at a certain point in time follow cognitive balance principles.
Protein Trans -Splicing as a Means for Viral Vector-Mediated In Vivo Gene Therapy
Creators: name: Sun, Wenchang
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Liu, Xiang-Qin
name: Li, Juan
name: Wang, Bing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Inteins catalyze protein splicing in a fashion similar to how self-splicing introns catalyze RNA splicing. Split-inteins catalyze precise ligation of two separate polypeptides through trans-splicing in a highly specific manner. Here we report a method of using protein trans-splicing to circumvent the packaging size limit of gene therapy vectors. To demonstrate this method, we chose a large dystrophin gene and an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector, which has a small packaging size. A highly functional 6.3-kb Becker-form dystrophin cDNA was broken into two pieces and modified by adding appropriate split-intein coding sequences, resulting in split-genes sufficiently small for packaging in AAV vectors. The two split-genes, after codelivery into target cells, produced two polypeptides that spontaneously trans-spliced to form the expected Becker-form dystrophin protein in cell culture in vitro. Delivering the split-genes by AAV1 vectors into the muscle of a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy rendered therapeutic gene expression and benefits.
XR-RF Imaging Enabled by Software-Defined Metasurfaces and Machine Learning: Foundational Vision, Technologies and Challenges
Creators: name: Liaskos, C.
name: Tsioliaridou, A.
name: Georgopoulos, K.
name: Morianos, G.
name: Ioannidis, S.
name: Salem, I.
name: Manessis, D.
name: Tyrovolas, S. Schmid D.
name: Tegos, S. A.
name: Mekikis, P. -V.
name: Diamantoulakis, P. D.
name: Pitilakis, A.
name: Kantartzis, N.
name: Tasolamprou, G. K. Karagiannidis A.
name: Tsilipakos, O.
name: Kafesaki, M.
name: Akyildiz, I. F.
name: Pitsillides, A.
name: Pateraki, M.
name: Vakalellis, M.
name: Spais, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new approach to Extended Reality (XR), denoted as iCOPYWAVES, which seeks to offer naturally low-latency operation and cost-effectiveness, overcoming the critical scalability issues faced by existing solutions. iCOPYWAVES is enabled by emerging PWEs, a recently proposed technology in wireless communications. Empowered by intelligent (meta)surfaces, PWEs transform the wave propagation phenomenon into a software-defined process. We leverage PWEs to i) create, and then ii) selectively copy the scattered RF wavefront of an object from one location in space to another, where a machine learning module, accelerated by FPGAs, translates it to visual input for an XR headset using PWEdriven, RF imaging principles (XR-RF). This makes for an XR system whose operation is bounded in the physical layer and, hence, has the prospects for minimal end-to-end latency. Over large distances, RF-to-fiber/fiber-to-RF is employed to provide intermediate connectivity. The paper provides a tutorial on the iCOPYWAVES system architecture and workflow. A proof-of-concept implementation via simulations is provided, demonstrating the reconstruction of challenging objects in iCOPYWAVES produced computer graphics.
Ex Vivo Serotype-Specific Transduction of Equine Joint Tissue by Self-Complementary Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors
Creators: name: Goodrich, L.R.
name: Carbone, B.A. Duda
name: McIlwraith, C.W.
name: Choi, V.W.
name: Samulski, R.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Cell transplantation for the treatment of joint disease is an important clinical tool. Genetic modification of cells before transplantation has shown enhanced healing. Ex vivo genetic modification of joint tissue cells with various adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes has not been investigated. The transduction efficiencies of self-complementary AAV serotypes (1–6 and 8) were determined in joint tissue containing chondrocytes and synoviocytes isolated from equine models. When comparing scAAV serotypes for efficient transduction ex vivo, in chondrocytes versus synoviocytes, serotypes 6 and 2, and serotypes 3 and 2, respectively, appeared superior for gene expression. Unlike adenoviral vectors, no upregulation of inflammatory markers, such as matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanase, was seen on treatment of joint tissue with AAV vectors ex vivo. Our findings also corroborate that ex vivo transduction of joint tissue can result in high transgene protein levels over time, and transplantation modalities might be feasible using AAV vectors in the treatment of joint-related diseases.
A knot with destabilized bridge spheres of arbitrarily high bridge number
Creators: name: Jang, Yeonhee
name: Kobayashi, Tsuyoshi
name: Ozawa, Makoto
name: Takao, Kazuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: We show that there exists an infinite family of knots, each of which has, for each integer k>=0, a destabilized (2k+5)-bridge sphere. We also show that, for each integer n>=4, there exists a knot with a destabilized 3-bridge sphere and a destabilized n-bridge sphere.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, v2: minor corrections throughout the paper
Efficacy of 25% Dextrose versus Breast Milk on Pain, Duration of Cry, and Comfort Level during Heel Prick in Neonates: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Sabitri Acharya
name: Dr. Pawan Kumar Sharma
name: Dr. Santosh Pokhrel
name: R. SreeRaja Kumar
name: Dr. Uppu Praveen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Comfort, Neonates, Non-pharmacological, Pain

description: Abstract
Introduction: Neonates, particularly preterm infants, often require various medical procedures during their early days of life. One such procedure is the heel prick, commonly performed for blood sampling. While essential for diagnostic purposes, these procedures can be distressing for neonates, resulting in pain, prolonged crying, and discomfort. Minimizing neonatal distress during such procedures is crucial for both the well-being of the infant and the satisfaction of caregivers and healthcare providers. Aim: The main goal of the review is to evaluate how effective 25% dextrose and breast milk is in reducing pain, duration of crying and discomfort related to heel prick. Methods: A systematic review encompassing both randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials will be done. This review will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines (Prospero Registration No- CRD42023444089). The literature search will encompass PubMed-Medline, CINHAL, and Science Direct databases. We will focus on studies published between 2008 and 2023. To assess the study quality, the JBI clinical appraisal checklist for both RCTs and Non-RCTs will be used. Inclusion criteria will encompass studies published in the English language, with specific keywords including Neonates OR Infants AND "Non-Pharmacological" AND Pain AND Comfort. Results: A descriptive synthesis of the chosen study outcomes will be portrayed in a narrative summary, including the integration of statistical results. Conclusion: This review will offer current evidence for practicing 25% dextrose and breast milk in reducing pain, cry duration, and discomfort experienced by neonates undergoing heel pricks in the NICU.
CMB Cold Spot from Inflationary Feature Scattering
Creators: name: Wang, Yi
name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a "feature-scattering" mechanism to explain the cosmic microwave background cold spot seen from WMAP and Planck maps. If there are hidden features in the potential of multi-field inflation, the inflationary trajectory can be scattered by such features. The scattering is controlled by the amount of isocurvature fluctuations, and thus can be considered as a mechanism to convert isocurvature fluctuations into curvature fluctuations. This mechanism predicts localized cold spots (instead of hot ones) on the CMB. In addition, it may also bridge a connection between the cold spot and a dip on the CMB power spectrum at $\ell \sim 20$.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, Nuclear Physics B in press
Topological dynamics on finite directed graphs
Creators: name: Ayala, José
name: Kliemann, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we establish that finite directed graphs give rise to semiflows on the power set of their nodes. We analyze the topological dynamics for semiflows on finite directed graphs by characterizing Morse decompositions, recurrence behavior and attractor-repeller pairs under weaker assumptions. As is expected, the discrete metric plays an important role in our constructions and their consequences. The connections between the semiflow, graph theory and Markov chains are here explored. We lay the foundation for a dynamical systems approach to hybrid systems with Markov chain type perturbations.
description: 29 pages
title: Humans of AI3SD: Tony Hey
Creators: name: Hey, Tony
name: Pauli, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2022
Subjects: AI3SD, Interview

description: This interview forms part of our Humans of AI3SD Series.

In this Humans of AI4SD interview he discusses his long career, converting scientists to Microsoft's tools, the two dramatic developments in the past 10 years, the role of commercial cloud resources, advice for early career researchers, and much more. . .
Federated Boosted Decision Trees with Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Maddock, Samuel
name: Cormode, Graham
name: Wang, Tianhao
name: Maple, Carsten
name: Jha, Somesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is great demand for scalable, secure, and efficient privacy-preserving machine learning models that can be trained over distributed data. While deep learning models typically achieve the best results in a centralized non-secure setting, different models can excel when privacy and communication constraints are imposed. Instead, tree-based approaches such as XGBoost have attracted much attention for their high performance and ease of use; in particular, they often achieve state-of-the-art results on tabular data. Consequently, several recent works have focused on translating Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT) models like XGBoost into federated settings, via cryptographic mechanisms such as Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC). However, these do not always provide formal privacy guarantees, or consider the full range of hyperparameters and implementation settings. In this work, we implement the GBDT model under Differential Privacy (DP). We propose a general framework that captures and extends existing approaches for differentially private decision trees. Our framework of methods is tailored to the federated setting, and we show that with a careful choice of techniques it is possible to achieve very high utility while maintaining strong levels of privacy.
description: Full version of a paper to appear at ACM CCS'22
Hydrodynamic Limb Vein Injection of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 8 Vector Carrying Canine Myostatin Propeptide Gene into Normal Dogs Enhances Muscle Growth
Creators: name: Kornegay, Joe
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Zheng, Hui
name: Bogan, Dan
name: Li, Jianbin
name: Yuan, Zhenhua
name: Li, Juan
name: Bogan, Janet
name: Qiao, Chunping
name: Zhang, Cheng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Inhibition or blockade of myostatin, a negative growth factor of skeletal muscle, enhances muscle growth and therefore is considered a promising strategy for the treatment of muscle-wasting diseases such as the muscular dystrophies. Previously, we showed that myostatin blockade in both normal and dystrophin-deficient mdx mice by systemic delivery of the myostatin propeptide (MPRO) gene by an adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector could enhance muscle growth and ameliorate dystrophic lesions. Here, we further investigate whether the muscle growth effect of myostatin blockade can be achieved in dogs by gene transfer. First, we cloned the canine MPRO gene, packaged it in the AAV8 vector, and showed robust muscle-enhancing effects after systemic delivery into neonatal mice. This vector was then further tested in two 3-month-old normal dogs (weighing 9.7 and 6.3 kg). The vector was delivered to one limb by hydrodynamic vein injection, and the contralateral limb served as a control. The delivery procedure was safe, without discernible adverse effects. AAV vector DNA and MPRO gene expression were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining of muscle biopsies. Overexpression of MPRO resulted in enhanced muscle growth without a cytotoxic T lymphocytic immune response, as evidenced by larger myofibers in multiple muscles, increased muscle volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging, and the lack of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration in the vector-injected limbs. Our preliminary study thus supports further investigation of this therapeutic strategy in the dystrophin-deficient golden retriever muscular dystrophy dog model.
Remote State Preparation for Quantum Fields
Creators: name: Ber, Ran
name: Zohar, Erez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remote state preparation is generation of a desired state by a remote observer. In spite of causality, it is well known, according to the Reeh-Schlieder theorem, that it is possible for relativistic quantum field theories, and a "physical" process achieving this task, involving superoscillatory functions, has recently been introduced. In this work we deal with non-relativistic fields, and show that remote state preparation is also possible for them, hence obtaining a Reeh-Schlieder-like result for general fields. Interestingly, in the nonrelativistic case, the process may rely on completely different resources than the ones used in the relativistic case.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. Third edition which includes an expanded discussion, Found. of Phys. (2016)
Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 6 Capsid Tyrosine-to-Phenylalanine Mutations Improve Gene Transfer to Skeletal Muscle
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zhong, Li
name: Shin, Jin-Hong
name: Yuan, Zhenhua
name: Duan, Dongsheng
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Jayandharan, Giridhara R.
name: Srivastava, Arun
name: Qiao, Chunping
name: Li, Jianbin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors are the most efficient in vivo gene transfer tools for gene therapy applications. Efforts have been made to translate encouraging results in small animal models to human patients. However, the need for large quantities of vector for clinical application remains a great challenge. Developing novel AAV vectors with enhanced infectivity may reduce the high vector dose requirement for many applications such as gene therapy for muscular dystrophy. Selective mutation of AAV capsid surface-exposed tyrosine (Y) is a novel strategy to improve transduction efficiency. AAV6 has been considered one of the most robust muscle gene delivery vehicles. Here, we hypothesize that AAV6 transduction efficiency can be further enhanced by mutating surface Y to phenylalanine (F). We found that mutants AAV6-Y445F and AAV6-Y731F, especially the former, achieved more efficient gene transfer than the original AAV6 after intramuscular administration to mice. Expression of both firefly luciferase and alkaline phosphatase reporter genes increased up to 8-fold and DNA copy numbers in muscle increased up to 6-fold. Our results suggest that tyrosine-mutant AAV6 vectors may represent powerful tools for testing muscle gene therapy in animal models and potentially in humans.
Belief functions on ordered frames of discernment
Creators: name: Martin, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most questionnaires offer ordered responses whose order is poorly studied via belief functions. In this paper, we study the consequences of a frame of discernment consisting of ordered elements on belief functions. This leads us to redefine the power space and the union of ordered elements for the disjunctive combination. We also study distances on ordered elements and their use. In particular, from a membership function, we redefine the cardinality of the intersection of ordered elements, considering them fuzzy.
Optimal Ordering Policy for Inventory Systems with Quantity-Dependent Setup Costs
Creators: name: He, Shuangchi
name: Yao, Dacheng
name: Zhang, Hanqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a continuous-review inventory system in which the setup cost of each order is a general function of the order quantity and the demand process is modeled as a Brownian motion with a positive drift. Assuming the holding and shortage cost to be a convex function of the inventory level, we obtain the optimal ordering policy that minimizes the long-run average cost by a lower bound approach. To tackle some technical issues in the lower bound approach under the quantity-dependent setup cost assumption, we establish a comparison theorem that enables one to prove the global optimality of a policy by examining a tractable subset of admissible policies. Since the smooth pasting technique does not apply to our Brownian inventory model, we also propose a selection procedure for computing the optimal policy parameters when the setup cost is a step function.
Locating the Nordstream explosions without a velocity model using polarization analysis
Creators: name: Stähler, Simon C.
name: Zenhäusern, G.
name: Clinton, J.
name: Giardini, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The seismic events that preceded the leaks in the Nordstream pipelines in the Baltic Sea have been interpreted as explosions on the seabed, most likely man-made. We use a polarization-based location method initially developed for marsquakes to locate the source region without a subsurface velocity model. We show that the 2 largest seismic events can be unambiguously attributed to the methane plumes observed on the sea surface. The two largest events can be located with this method, using 4 and 5 stations located around the source, with location uncertainties of 30km and 10x60km. We can further show that both events emitted seismic energy for at least ten minutes after the initial explosion, indicative of resonances in the water column or the depressurizing pipeline.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, submitted as fast report to Seismica