Aname carina Raven 1985
Creators: name: Wilson, Jeremy D.
name: Harvey, Mark S.
name: Simmons, Leigh W.
name: Rix, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anamidae
Aname
Aname carina

description: Aname carina Raven, 1985
Figs 1, 9, 57–58
Aname carina Raven, 1985: 390, figs 1, 17, 34, 64.
Diagnosis
Males of A. carina can be distinguished from all species for which males are known except A. calida sp. nov., A. cassowariensis sp. nov., A. harmoniosa sp. nov., A. robertsorum, and A. tropicana sp. nov. by a moderate to large body size (carapace length> 4.0 mm), and the presence of a long embolus (embolus length / bulb length> 1.5) that is thin, with a sharp bend near its base before a relatively straight distal section (Fig. 57L–M). Males of A. carina can be distinguished from those of A. calida, A. cassowariensis, and A. tropicana by the presence of a longer embolus (embolus length / bulb length>2) (Fig. 57L– M; cf. Figs 56, 59, 62). Males of A. carina can be distinguished from those of A. harmoniosa and A. robertsorum by the presence of a distally-positioned tibial spur (distance to spur/ tibia length ~0.71) (Fig. 57P; cf. Figs 60–61).
Females of A. carina can be distinguished from all species for which females are known except A. tropicana sp. nov. by the presence of bicoloured legs, with darker femurs and lighter distal segments, and spermathecae with two vesicles, with relatively long and straight lateral vesicles (lateral vesicle length / genitalia width>0.25) that are laterally angled, and medial vesicles that are shorter or about equal in length to the lateral vesicles, and curve gradually from a medial to a lateral angle (Fig. 58J–L). Females of A. carina can be distinguished from those of A. tropicana by the presence of spermathecae with longer medial vesicles (medial vesicle length/ lateral vesicle length ~ 1; cf. ~ 0.7 in A. tropicana) (Fig. 58L; cf. Fig. 63).
Type material
Holotype
AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°05′ S, 144°53′ E; 10 Apr. 1978; R.J. Raven leg.; QMB S1253.
Paratypes
AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 3 ♀♀; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°05′ S, 144°53′ E; 10 Apr. 1978; R.J. Raven leg.; QMB S1254 • 5 ♀♀; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°05′ S, 144°53′ E; 9–14 Apr. 1978; R. J. Raven leg.; QMB S1255.
Other material examined
AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♂♂; Atherton; 17°16′ S, 145°25′ E; 22 Sep. 1993; D. Stewart leg.; QMB S118368 • 2 ♂♂; Atherton; 17°16′ S, 145°25′ E; 22 Sep. 1993; D. Stewart leg.; QMB S22457 • 1 ♀; Gold Finch Road, SE of Herberton; 17°24′ S, 145°25′ E; 890 m a.s.l.; 12 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on bank; QMB S118323 • 1 juv.; Gold Finch Road, SE of Herberton; 17°24′ S, 145°25′ E; 885 m a.s.l.; 12 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground; QMB S118324 • 1 ♂; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°04′ S, 144°52′ E; 8 Dec. 2002 – 10 Feb. 2003; G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, vine scrub; QMB S73864 • 1 ♂; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°05′ S, 144°51′ E; 25 Jul.–1 Dec. 1992; R.J. Raven, P. Lawless, E. Lawless and M. Shaw leg.; pitfall trap, vine scrub; QMB S24426 • 1 ♂; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°05′ S, 144°51′ E; 1 Dec. 1992 – 15 Apr. 1993; R.J. Raven leg.; pitfall trap, vine scrub; QMB S33633 • 1 ♂; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°05′ S, 144°51′ E; 6 Nov. 1991 – 25 Jul. 1992; R.J. Raven, P. Lawless and M. Shaw leg.; pitfall trap, vine scrub; QMB S57969 • 1 juv.; Forty Mile Scrub National Park, off Kennedy Highway; 18°05′ S, 144°52′ E; 755 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; vine scrub; QMB S118334 • 1 juv.; Forty Mile Scrub National Park, off Kennedy Highway; 18°05′ S, 144°52′ E; 756 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; vine scrub; QMB S118333 • 1 ♀; Forty Mile Scrub National Park, off Kennedy Highway; 18°06′ S, 144°49′ E; 766 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground, vine scrub; QMB S118337 • 1 ♂; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°07′ S, 144°49′ E; 8 Dec. 2002 – 10 Feb. 2003; G.B. Monteith leg.; QMB S118367 • 1 ♂; Forty Mile Scrub National Park; 18°07′ S, 144°49′ E; 8 Dec. 2002 – 10 Feb. 2003; G.B. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap, vine scrub; QMB S95241 • 1 ♀; Forty Mile Scrub National Park, off Kennedy Highway; 18°07′ S, 144°50′ E; 772 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground, vine scrub; QMB S118335 • 1 juv.; Forty Mile Scrub National Park, off Kennedy Highway; 18°07′ S, 144°49′ E; 768 m a.s.l.; 13 May 2023; J.D. Wilson and M.G. Rix leg.; excavated, open burrow on ground, vine scrub; QMB S118336.
Description
Male (QMB S95241)
GENERAL (Fig. 57A–Q). Body length 24.80, in good condition, colour presumably faded due to preservation.
DORSAL PROSOMA (Fig. 57A, E–F). Carapace length 8.95, width 7.52, length/width 1.19, clypeus to fovea length/carapace length 0.72, caput width/carapace width 0.64, carapace red-brown, caput slightly darker than thorax, reflective setae present, moderate on caput, light on thorax, fovea procurved, fovea width/carapace length 0.14 (Fig. 57A, F); chelicerae dark red-brown, rastellum absent or inconspicuous, chelicerae length/carapace length 0.68 (Fig. 57A); eye group rectangular, width/length 1.88, eye tubercle present (Fig. 57E).
ABDOMEN (Fig. 57B, D). Abdomen length 8.69, light grey, dorsal pattern absent, with consistent cover of short setae.
VENTRAL PROSOMA (Fig. 57C, G–I). Labium cuspules absent (Fig. 57H); maxillae heel distinct, cuspules present, count =about 100, extending posteriorly onto heel, extending laterally about 45% of maxillae length (Fig. 57C, I); coxae cuspules absent, thorn-like setae on prolateral face present (Fig. 57C, I); sternum length/width 1.18, central sternum with consistent covering of moderate setae, row of longer setae around posterior edges (Fig. 57G–H); posterior sigilla ovoid, central sternum to posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.19, posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.15 (Fig. 57G–H); other sigilla small, round and lateral (Fig. 57G–H).
LEG I (Fig. 57N–Q). Leg I red-brown, femur length 7.36, patella length 4.69, tibia length 5.35, metatarsus length 5.37, tarsus length 3.04, total length 25.81, leg I length/carapace length 2.88 (Fig. 57N–O); scopulae on distal metatarsus and tarsus (Fig. 57N–O); spine count Fe D 0, Fe PL 1, Pa PL 2, Ti PL 0, Ti RL 0, Me PL 0, Me RL 0, Ta 0 (Fig. 57N–O); tibia length/width [TIL/TID] 3.12, widening from proximal end to spur before narrowing again towards distal end, spur present, intermediate triangular/ digitiform, knuckle absent, megaspine angled at 25 degrees, length to distal face of spur/tibia length [TIS/TIL] 0.71, spur height/tibia width [TISH/TID] 0.67, megaspine length/tibia length 0.20 (Fig. 57N– P); metatarsus relatively straight, proximal excavation present, excavation straight with inconspicuous heel, heel rounded, excavation length/metatarsus length [MIPEL/MIL] 0.43, metatarsus length/width [MIL/MID] 4.16 (Fig. 57N–O, Q).
PEDIPALP (Fig. 57J–M). Tibia length 4.06, width 1.66, length/width [PTL/PTD] 2.44, asetose depression present, depression length/palp tibia length [PDL/PTL] 0.61, retrolateral face with short, thorn-like setae along retrolateral edge of depression, getting denser proximally, ventral face with two elongate bristle-like setae below depression, prolateral face with two disto-ventral spines, disto-medial spine absent (Fig. 57J–K); patella prolateral face with 2 spines (Fig. 57J–K); cymbium with scopulae present distally (Fig. 57J–K); copulatory organ total length 2.34, length/palp tibia length 0.58 (Fig. 57L–M); bulb length/width 0.96 (Fig. 57L–M); embolus slightly reflexed, attenuate, very thin, protruding laterally with strong basal curve, one strong bend, at about 0.3 of length, slight bend before tip, width at base/ bulb width 0.26, embolus length/bulb length 2.10 (Fig. 57L–M).
Female (holotype, QMB S1253)
GENERAL (Fig. 58A–L). Body length 26.69, in moderate condition, colour faded significantly due to preservation.
DORSAL PROSOMA (Fig. 58A, E–F). Carapace length 9.68, width 8.27, length/width 1.17, clypeus to fovea length/carapace length 0.73, caput width/carapace width 0.76, carapace orange-brown, reflective setae present, light on caput, light on thorax, fovea procurved, fovea width/carapace length 0.17 (Fig. 58A, F); chelicerae red-brown, rastellum absent or inconspicuous, chelicerae length/carapace length 0.64 (Fig. 58A); eye group rectangular, width/length 2.13, eye tubercle present (Fig. 58E).
ABDOMEN (Fig. 58B, D). Abdomen length 11.23, brown, dorsal pattern absent, with consistent cover of short setae.
VENTRAL PROSOMA (Fig. 58C, G–I). Labium cuspules absent (Fig. 58H); maxillae heel distinct, cuspules present, count =about 185, extending posteriorly onto heel, extending laterally about 50% of maxillae length (Fig. 58C, I); coxae cuspules absent, thorn-like setae on prolateral face present (Fig. 58C, I); sternum length/width 1.27, central sternum with consistent covering of moderate setae, row of longer setae around posterior edges (Fig. 58G–H); posterior sigilla semi-elongate, central sternum to posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.19, posterior sigilla length/sternum length 0.17 (Fig. 58G–H); other sigilla small and lateral, medial sigilla semi-elongate, anterior sigilla round (Fig. 58G–H).
LEG I (Fig. 58J–K). Leg I orange-brown, darker on femur, femur length 7.68, patella length 5.27, tibia length 5.11, metatarsus length 5.14, tarsus length 2.95, total length 26.15, leg I length/carapace length 2.70; scopulae on distal metatarsus and tarsus; spine count Fe D 1, Fe PL 1 (rubbed off), Pa PL 2 (both rubbed off), Ti PL 3, Ti RL 4, Me PL 1, Me RL 2, Ta 0; tibia length/width [TIL/TID] 3.04.
GENITALIA (Fig. 58D, L). Epigastric furrow unmodified (Fig. 58D); spermathecae with two vesicles each (Fig. 58L); lateral vesicle relatively straight, length 0.78, lateral vesicle length/genitalia width 0.33, length/width at base 1.43, crown un-demarcated (Fig. 58L); medial vesicle long and curving evenly from medial to lateral angle, medial vesicle length/genitalia width 0.32, length/width 2.79, medial vesicle length/lateral vesicle length 0.98 (Fig. 58L).
Distribution and natural history
Aname carina occurs in northern Queensland, in the Einasleigh Uplands and Wet Tropics bioregions, and is known from two areas, in and around the Forty Mile Scrub National Park, and further east near the town of Herberton (Fig. 9). It constructs an open, silk-lined burrow without silk outside of the entrance, often at an angle, and with a hidden secondary ‘wishbone’ entrance (Fig. 9).
Remarks
Two disjunct populations of this species are known, one near Forty Mile Scrub (the type locality), and another closer to the coast, near Herberton. Despite differences in the average size of individuals from these two populations, both genitalic morphology and genetics (COI average pairwise divergence of 5.26%) strongly indicate that they are the same species.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Jeremy D., Harvey, Mark S., Simmons, Leigh W. & Rix, Michael G., 2025, An integrative systematic revision of the wishbone spiders (Araneae: Anamidae: Aname L. Koch, 1873) of subtropical and tropical eastern Australia, with the description of 55 new species, pp. 1-298 in European Journal of Taxonomy 985 on pages 88-91, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.985.2845, http://zenodo.org/record/15169471