cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Limited efficacy of forward contact tracing in epidemics
Creators: name: de Meijere, Giulia
name: Castellano, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infectious diseases that spread silently through asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic infections represent a challenge for policy makers. A traditional way of achieving isolation of silent infectors from the community is through forward contact tracing, aiming at identifying individuals that might have been infected by a known infected person. In this work we investigate how efficient this measure is in preventing a disease from becoming endemic. We introduce an SIS-based compartmental model where symptomatic individuals may self-isolate and trigger a contact tracing process aimed at quarantining asymptomatic infected individuals. Imperfect adherence and delays affect both measures. We derive the epidemic threshold analytically and find that contact tracing alone can only lead to a very limited increase of the threshold. We quantify the effect of imperfect adherence and the impact of incentivizing asymptomatic and symptomatic populations to adhere to isolation. Our analytical results are confirmed by simulations on complex networks and by the numerical analysis of a much more complex model incorporating more realistic in-host disease progression.
Adjusting models of ordered multinomial outcomes for nonignorable nonresponse in the occupational employment statistics survey
Creators: name: Horton, Nicholas J.
name: Toth, Daniell
name: Phipps, Polly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An establishment's average wage, computed from administrative wage data, has been found to be related to occupational wages. These occupational wages are a primary outcome variable for the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment Statistics survey. Motivated by the fact that nonresponse in this survey is associated with average wage even after accounting for other establishment characteristics, we propose a method that uses the administrative data for imputing missing occupational wage values due to nonresponse. This imputation is complicated by the structure of the data. Since occupational wage data is collected in the form of counts of employees in predefined wage ranges for each occupation, weighting approaches to deal with nonresponse do not adequately adjust the estimates for certain domains of estimation. To preserve the current data structure, we propose a method to impute each missing establishment's wage interval count data as an ordered multinomial random variable using a separate survival model for each occupation. Each model incorporates known auxiliary information for each establishment associated with the distribution of the occupational wage data, including geographic and industry characteristics. This flexible model allows the baseline hazard to vary by occupation while allowing predictors to adjust the probabilities of an employee's salary falling within the specified ranges. An empirical study and simulation results suggest that the method imputes missing OES wages that are associated with the average wage of the establishment in a way that more closely resembles the observed association.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS714 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
What do Teacher Assigned Grades Measure? A One Page Research Summary
Creators: name: Bowers, Alex J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Academic achievement
Teachers--Research
Grading and marking (Students)--Evaluation
Education--Administration
School management and organization
Educational evaluation

description: Historically, across the research on teacher grading and marking practices, in comparison to standardized test scores, teacher assigned grades have been maligned by researchers and psychometricians as subjective and unreliable measures of student academic achievement, often referred to as “hodgepodge” or “kitchen sink” grading practices. However, when teachers are asked what they assign grades for, they continuously report that they assign grades based on student academic knowledge and achievement, but also for student persistence, behavior, participation, and effort. In comparison to standardized test scores, for which researchers have struggled to find a link between scores and overall student schooling outcomes, grades are one of the strongest predictors of positive student outcomes, such as successfully transitioning from middle school to high school, graduating from high school, college-going and college graduation. Thus, grades are a useful assessment in education, but what exactly do they measure and is it reliable?
What is the difference? Blazhko and non-Blazhko RRab stars and the special case of V123 in M3
Creators: name: Jurcsik, J.
name: Smitola, P.
name: Hajdu, G.
name: Pilachowski, C.
name: Kolenberg, K.
name: Sódor, Á.
name: Fűrész, G.
name: Moór, A.
name: Kun, E.
name: Saha, A.
name: Prakash, P.
name: Blum, P.
name: Tóth, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an extended photometric campaign of RR Lyrae variables of the globular cluster M3, an aberrant light-curve, non-Blazhko RRab star, V123, was detected. Based on its brightness, colors and radial velocity curve, V123 is a bona fide member of M3. The light curve of V123 exhibits neither a bump preceding light minimum, nor a hump on the rising branch, and has a longer than normal rise time, with a convex shape. Similar shape characterizes the mean light curves of some large-modulation-amplitude Blazhko stars, but none of the regular RRab variables with similar pulsation periods. This peculiar object thus mimics Blazhko variables without showing any evidence of periodic amplitude and/or phase modulation. We cannot find any fully convincing answer to the peculiar behavior of V123, however, the phenomenon raises again the possibility that rotation and aspect angle might play a role in the explanation of the Blazhko phenomenon, and some source of inhomogeneity acts (magnetic field, chemical inhomogeneity) that deforms the radial pulsation of Blazhko stars during the modulation.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Gate tunable terahertz cyclotron emission from two-dimensional Dirac fermions
Creators: name: Benhamou-Bui, B.
name: Consejo, C.
name: Krishtopenko, S. S.
name: Szoła, M.
name: Maussang, K.
name: Ruffenach, S.
name: Chauveau, E.
name: Benlemqwanssa, S.
name: Bray, C.
name: Baudry, X.
name: Ballet, P.
name: Morozov, S. V.
name: Gavrilenko, V. I.
name: Mikhailov, N. N.
name: Dvoretskii, S. A.
name: Jouault, B.
name: Torres, J.
name: Teppe, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional Dirac fermions in HgTe quantum wells close to the topological phase transition can generate significant cyclotron emission that is magnetic field tunable in the Terahertz (THz) frequency range. Due to their relativistic-like dynamics, their cyclotron mass is strongly dependent on their electron concentration in the quantum well, providing a second tunability lever and paving the way for a gate-tunable, permanent-magnet Landau laser. In this work, we demonstrate the proof-of-concept of such a back-gate tunable THz cyclotron emitter at fixed magnetic field. The emission frequency detected at 1.5 Tesla is centered on 2.2 THz and can already be electrically tuned over 250 GHz. With an optimized gate and a realistic permanent magnet of 1.0 Tesla, we estimate that the cyclotron emission could be continuously and rapidly tunable by the gate bias between 1 and 3 THz, that is to say on the less covered part of the THz gap.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A multi-model evaluation of aerosols over South Asia: common problems and possible causes
Creators: name: Pan, X.
name: Chin, M.
name: Gautam, R.
name: Bian, H.
name: Kim, D.
name: Colarco, P. R.
name: Diehl, T. L.
name: Takemura, T.
name: Pozzoli, L.
name: Tsigaridis, Konstantinos
name: Bauer, Susanne E.
name: Bellouin, N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Climatic changes--Effect of human beings on
Aerosols--Measurement
Aerosols--Mathematical models
Atmospheric aerosols
Atmosphere

description: Atmospheric pollution over South Asia attracts special attention due to its effects on regional climate, water cycle and human health. These effects are potentially growing owing to rising trends of anthropogenic aerosol emissions. In this study, the spatio-temporal aerosol distributions over South Asia from seven global aerosol models are evaluated against aerosol retrievals from NASA satellite sensors and ground-based measurements for the period of 2000–2007. Overall, substantial underestimations of aerosol loading over South Asia are found systematically in most model simulations. Averaged over the entire South Asia, the annual mean aerosol optical depth (AOD) is underestimated by a range 15 to 44% across models compared to MISR (Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer), which is the lowest bound among various satellite AOD retrievals (from MISR, SeaWiFS (Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor), MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) Aqua and Terra). In particular during the post-monsoon and wintertime periods (i.e., October–January), when agricultural waste burning and anthropogenic emissions dominate, models fail to capture AOD and aerosol absorption optical depth (AAOD) over the Indo–Gangetic Plain (IGP) compared to ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sunphotometer measurements. The underestimations of aerosol loading in models generally occur in the lower troposphere (below 2 km) based on the comparisons of aerosol extinction profiles calculated by the models with those from Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) data. Furthermore, surface concentrations of all aerosol components (sulfate, nitrate, organic aerosol (OA) and black carbon (BC)) from the models are found much lower than in situ measurements in winter. Several possible causes for these common problems of underestimating aerosols in models during the post-monsoon and wintertime periods are identified: the aerosol hygroscopic growth and formation of secondary inorganic aerosol are suppressed in the models because relative humidity (RH) is biased far too low in the boundary layer and thus foggy conditions are poorly represented in current models, the nitrate aerosol is either missing or inadequately accounted for, and emissions from agricultural waste burning and biofuel usage are too low in the emission inventories. These common problems and possible causes found in multiple models point out directions for future model improvements in this important region.
Tight-binding calculations of image charge effects in colloidal nanoscale platelets of CdSe
Creators: name: Benchamekh, R.
name: Gippius, N. A.
name: Even, J.
name: Nestoklon, M. O.
name: Jancu, J. -M.
name: Ithurria, S.
name: Dubertret, B.
name: Efros, Al. L.
name: Voisin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CdSe nanoplatelets show perfectly quantized thicknesses of few monolayers. They present a situation of extreme, yet well defined quantum confinement. Due to large dielectric contrast between the semiconductor and its ligand environment, interaction between carriers and their dielectric images strongly renormalize bare single particle states. We discuss the electronic properties of this original system in an advanced tight-binding model, and show that Coulomb interactions, including self-energy corrections and enhanced electron-hole interaction, lead to exciton binding energies up to several hundred meVs.
Additional file 4 of An effective combination of codon optimization, gene dosage, and process optimization for high-level production of fibrinolytic enzyme in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris)
Creators: name: Zhiqun Che
name: Xiaoyan Cao
name: Guiguang Chen
name: Zhiqun Liang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Important parameters during the entire fermentation process.
Thrinacodus albicauda Gunther 1879
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Thrinacodus
Thrinacodus albicauda

description: Thrinacodus albicauda Gunther, 1879. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1879:144. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia, Antioquia Dept., Medellin. DISTRIBUTION: N.W. and C. Colombia, west of the Cordillera Central. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029014001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 591, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
The Splitting of Chiral and Deconfinement Phase Transitions induced by Rotation
Creators: name: Sun, Fei
name: Xu, Kun
name: Huang, Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral and deconfinement phase transitions under rotation have been simultaneously investigated in the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model. An interesting observation has been found that the chiral phase transition is catalyzed and the deconfinement phase transition is decelerated by rotation, therefore a chiral symmetric but confined phase is induced by rotation, which indicates that chiral dynamics and gluon dynamics can be split by rotation.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Enhanced Zone II Flexor Tendon Repair through a New Half Hitch Loop Suture Configuration
Creators: name: Kormpakis, Ioannis
name: Linderman, Stephen W.
name: Thomopoulos, Stavros
name: Gelberman, Richard H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Tendons--Surgery
Flexor tendons
Surgery--Technological innovations
Biomedical engineering
Surgery
Biomechanics

description: This study evaluated the impact of a new half hitch loop suture configuration on flexor tendon repair mechanics. Cadaver canine flexor digitorum profundus tendons were repaired with 4- or 8-strands, 4–0 or 3–0 suture, with and without half hitch loops. An additional group underwent repair with half hitch loops but without the terminal knot. Half hitch loops improved the strength of 8-strand repairs by 21% when 4–0, and 33% when 3–0 suture was used, and caused a shift in failure mode from suture pullout to suture breakage. 8-strand repairs with half hitch loops but without a terminal knot produced equivalent mechanical properties to those without half hitch loops but with a terminal knot. 4-strand repairs were limited by the strength of the suture in all groups and, as a result, the presence of half hitch loops did not alter the mechanical properties. Overall, half hitch loops improved repair mechanics, allowing failure strength to reach the full capability of suture strength. Improving the mechanical properties of flexor tendon repair with half hitch loops has the potential to reduce the postoperative risk of gap formation and catastrophic rupture in the early postoperative period.
Additional file 1 of Regional registration of whole slide image stacks containing major histological artifacts
Creators: name: Paknezhad, Mahsa
name: Loh, Sheng Yang Michael
name: Yukti Choudhury
name: Koh, Valerie Koh Cui
name: Yong, Timothy Tay Kwang
name: Tan, Hui Shan
name: Kanesvaran, Ravindran
name: Puay Hoon Tan
name: Peng, John Yuen Shyi
name: Weimiao Yu
name: Yongcheng Benjamin Tan
name: Loy, Yong Zhen
name: Min-Han Tan
name: Hwee Kuan Lee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Provides detailed flow charts of different stages of the registration algorithm: (1) removing surrounding artifacts, (2) rough alignment of consecutive tissue slides, and (3) registration of the ROI. Also, examples of the best SIFT feature matches for the ROIs in the previous and current slides, and the selected 3 SIFT feature matches that resulted in the best alignment of the 2 slides are also provided. Finally, the experimental results are presented supporting that different ROI sizes around the blood vessels of interest output reasonable registration results.
Multi-Source Domain Adaptation through Dataset Dictionary Learning in Wasserstein Space
Creators: name: Montesuma, Eduardo Fernandes
name: Mboula, Fred Ngolè
name: Souloumiac, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper seeks to solve Multi-Source Domain Adaptation (MSDA), which aims to mitigate data distribution shifts when transferring knowledge from multiple labeled source domains to an unlabeled target domain. We propose a novel MSDA framework based on dictionary learning and optimal transport. We interpret each domain in MSDA as an empirical distribution. As such, we express each domain as a Wasserstein barycenter of dictionary atoms, which are empirical distributions. We propose a novel algorithm, DaDiL, for learning via mini-batches: (i) atom distributions; (ii) a matrix of barycentric coordinates. Based on our dictionary, we propose two novel methods for MSDA: DaDil-R, based on the reconstruction of labeled samples in the target domain, and DaDiL-E, based on the ensembling of classifiers learned on atom distributions. We evaluate our methods in 3 benchmarks: Caltech-Office, Office 31, and CRWU, where we improved previous state-of-the-art by 3.15%, 2.29%, and 7.71% in classification performance. Finally, we show that interpolations in the Wasserstein hull of learned atoms provide data that can generalize to the target domain.
description: 13 pages,8 figures,Published as a conference paper at the 26th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence; v2: corrected typos
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Hell’s Gate Marina Dredging Project, Nez Perce County, Idaho (HUC 170601030307)
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Gatzke, Jennifer
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service United States. Forest Service United States. Army. Corps of Engineers
Year: 2019

description: WCR-2018-10658
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7 Formal Consultation and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Consultation for the Hells Canyon Creek Boat Ramp Repair Project, Snake River-Butte Creek Subwatershed, HUC 170601010102, Wallowa County, Oregon
titleType: Other
Creators: name: DeFrees, Brad
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service United States. Forest Service United States. Army. Corps of Engineers
Year: 2019

description: WCR-2018-11034
Macroscopic quantum synchronization effects
Creators: name: Nadolny, Tobias
name: Bruder, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically describe macroscopic quantum synchronization effects occurring in a network of all-to-all coupled quantum limit-cycle oscillators. The coupling causes a transition to synchronization as indicated by the presence of global phase coherence. We demonstrate that the microscopic quantum properties of the oscillators qualitatively shape the synchronization behavior in a macroscopically large network. Specifically, they result in a blockade of collective synchronization that is not expected for classical oscillators. Additionally, the macroscopic ensemble shows emergent behavior not present at the level of two coupled quantum oscillators.
description: 6+6 pages, 4+4 figures
From ray to spray: augmenting amplitudes and taming fast oscillations in fully numerical neutrino codes
Creators: name: Maltoni, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we describe how to complement the neutrino evolution matrix calculated at a given energy and trajectory with additional information which allows to reliably extrapolate it to nearby energies or trajectories without repeating the full computation. Our method works for arbitrary matter density profiles, can be applied to any propagation model described by an Hamiltonian, and exactly guarantees the unitarity of the evolution matrix. As a straightforward application, we show how to enhance the calculation of the theoretical predictions for experimentally measured quantities, so that they remain accurate even in the presence of fast neutrino oscillations. Furthermore, the ability to "move around" a given energy and trajectory opens the door to precise interpolation of the oscillation amplitudes within a grid of tabulated values, with potential benefits for the computation speed of Monte-Carlo codes. We also provide a set of examples to illustrate the most prominent features of our approach.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Smoking and Subclinical ILD in RA versus the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Johnson, Cheilonda
name: Giles, Jon T.
name: Bathon, Joan M.
name: Lederer, David J.
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Barr, R. Graham
name: Danoff, Sonye K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Rheumatoid arthritis--Patients
Interstitial lung diseases
Smoking--Health aspects
Medical sciences
Medicine

description: A population-based cohort showed an association between cigarette smoking and subclinical parenchymal lung disease defined as regions of increased computed tomography (CT) lung densitometry. This technique has not been applied to the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population where associated ILD is highly prevalent. The association between cumulative cigarette smoking and volume of areas of high attenuation (HAA: >-600 and
Verzeichniß einer ansehnlichen Thaler Sammlung, welche den [20] Hornung 1782. und nachfolgende Tage vormittags von 9 bis 12 nachmittags von 3 bis 6 Uhr, in der obern Breunerstrasse Nro. 1167. im ersten Stock durch öffentliche Versteigerung wird hindangegeben werden; 1781
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Wien, bey Joseph Edlen von Kurzbeck, 1781. - Versteigerungsdatum ist handschriftl. eingefügt
Towards Sustainable Stewardship of Digital Collections of Scientific Data
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
name: Chen, Robert S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Scientific archives
Digital preservation
Data libraries
Information technology
Information science

description: The digital revolution has vastly increased the ability of the scientific community to collect and store a tremendous variety and quantity of data in digital form, representing a potentially irreplaceable legacy that can support scientific discovery and scholarship in both the present and the future. However, it is not yet clear what organizations or institutions can and should maintain and store such data, ensuring their long-term integrity and usability, nor how such longterm stewardship should be funded and supported. Many traditional information preservation and access institutions such as libraries and museums are struggling to develop the skills, resources, and infrastructure needed for large scale, long-term digital data stewardship. Government agencies often have strong technical capabilities, but are subject to political and budgetary pressures and competing priorities. Private organizations and companies can bring to bear innovations not only in technology but also in economic approaches that could provide financial sustainability. Developing long-term collaborative partnerships between different types of organizations may be one approach to developing sustainable models for long-term data stewardship. The development of objective criteria and open standards for trusted digital data repositories is another important step towards sustainable data stewardship. A critical challenge is the development of viable economic models for ensuring that the resources needed for long-term stewardship are put in place, while at the same time addressing the needs of the scientific community and society more generally for open access to scientific data and information resources. The development of a robust spatial data infrastructure can not only help reduce both the short- and long-term costs of data stewardship, but also provide a framework for the establishment and evolution of trustworthy data repositories that will be available for future generations of users to discover, access, and use the scientific heritage that is being created today.
High-throughput Imaging and Spectroscopy of Individual Carbon Nanotubes in Devices with Light Microscopy
Creators: name: Liu, Kaihui
name: Hong, Xiaoping
name: Zhou, Qin
name: Jin, Chenhao
name: Li, Jinghua
name: Zhou, Weiwei
name: Liu, Jie
name: Wang, Enge
name: Zettl, Alex
name: Wang, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two paramount challenges in carbon nanotube research are achieving chirality-controlled synthesis and understanding chirality-dependent device physics. High-throughput and in-situ chirality and electronic structural characterization of individual carbon nanotubes is crucial for addressing these challenges. Optical imaging and spectroscopy has unparalleled throughput and specificity, but its realization for single nanotubes on substrates or in devices has long been an outstanding challenge. Here we demonstrate video-rate imaging and in-situ spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes on various substrates and in functional devices using a novel high-contrast polarization-based optical microscopy. Our technique enables the complete chirality profiling of hundreds of as-grown carbon nanotubes. In addition, we in-situ monitor nanotube electronic structure in active field-effect devices, and observe that high-order nanotube optical resonances are dramatically broadened by electrostatic doping. This unexpected behaviour points to strong interband electron-electron scattering processes that can dominate ultrafast dynamics of excited states in carbon nanotubes.
Phenomenological Fluids from Interacting Tachyonic Scalar Fields
Creators: name: Sadeghi, J.
name: Khurshudyan, M.
name: Hakobyan, M.
name: Farahani, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we are interested to consider mathematical ways to obtain different phenomenological fluids from two-component Tachyonic scalar fields. We consider interaction between components and investigate problem numerically. Statefinder diagnostics and validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics performed and checked. We suppose that our Universe bounded by Hubble horizon.
description: 12 pages
Thermodynamics and evaporation of perfect fluid dark matter black hole in phantom background
Creators: name: Liang, Xiao
name: Hu, Ya-Peng
name: Wu, Chen-Hao
name: An, Yu-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel interpretation of the thermodynamics of perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM) black hole based on Misner-Sharp energy, and then investigate its evaporation behavior. We find that the ratio between dark sector initial density and black hole horizon radius significantly influences black hole evaporation behaviors. We demonstrate that the presence of the dark sector can significantly extend the lifetime of a black hole which is similar to the Reissner-Nordstrom case. Our work reformulates the thermodynamics of PFDM black holes and points out the existence of long-lived black holes in the presence of the dark sector.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, comments are welcomed. v2: typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Individual differences in susceptibility to false memories for COVID-19 fake news
Creators: name: Greene, Ciara M.
name: Murphy, Gillian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials and analysis for “Individual differences in susceptibility to false memories for COVID-19 fake news”.
Simulations of preindustrial, present-day, and 2100 conditions in the NASA GISS composition and climate model G-PUCCINI
Creators: name: Shindell, D. T.
name: Faluvegi, Gregory S.
name: Unger, N.
name: Aguilar, E.
name: Schmidt, Gavin
name: Koch, D. M.
name: Bauer, Susanne E.
name: Miller, Ronald L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Atmospheric ozone
Atmospheric chemistry
Climatic changes
Atmosphere

description: A model of atmospheric composition and climate has been developed at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) that includes composition seamlessly from the surface to the lower mesosphere. The model is able to capture many features of the observed magnitude, distribution, and seasonal cycle of trace species. The simulation is especially realistic in the troposphere. In the stratosphere, high latitude regions show substantial biases during period when transport governs the distribution as meridional mixing is too rapid in this model version. In other regions, including the extrapolar tropopause region that dominates radiative forcing (RF) by ozone, stratospheric gases are generally well-simulated. The model's stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) agrees well with values inferred from observations for both the global mean flux and the ratio of Northern (NH) to Southern Hemisphere (SH) downward fluxes. Simulations of preindustrial (PI) to present-day (PD) changes show tropospheric ozone burden increases of 11% while the stratospheric burden decreases by 18%. The resulting tropopause RF values are −0.06 W/m2 from stratospheric ozone and 0.40 W/m2 from tropospheric ozone. Global mean mass-weighted OH decreases by 16% from the PI to the PD. STE of ozone also decreased substantially during this time, by 14%. Comparison of the PD with a simulation using 1979 pre-ozone hole conditions for the stratosphere shows a much larger downward flux of ozone into the troposphere in 1979, resulting in a substantially greater tropospheric ozone burden than that seen in the PD run. This implies that reduced STE due to stratospheric ozone depletion may have offset as much as 2/3 of the tropospheric ozone burden increase from PI to PD. However, the model overestimates the downward flux of ozone at high Southern latitudes, so this estimate is likely an upper limit. In the future, the tropospheric ozone burden increases by 101% in 2100 for the A2 scenario including both emissions and climate changes. The primary reason is enhanced STE, which increases by 124% (168% in the SH extratropics, and 114% in the NH extratropics). Climate plays a minimal role in the SH increases, but contributes 38% in the NH. Chemistry and dry deposition both change so as to reduce tropospheric ozone, partially in compensation for the enhanced STE, but the increased ozone influx dominates the burden changes. The net RF due to projected ozone changes is 0.8 W/m2 for A2. The influence of climate change alone is −0.2 W/m2, making it a substantial contributor to the net RF. The tropospheric oxidation capacity increases seven percent in the full A2 simulation, and 36% due to A2 climate change alone.
Revista de Estudos Humanísticos
Creators: name: Nery da Silva, Breno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Development cooperation
Labour, migration and development
Political economy and social change
Poverty, inclusivity and wellbeing
Rural community development
Socio-economic development
Urban community development

description: A Revista de Estudos Humanísticos é uma publicação acadêmica que se dedica à divulgação e promoção de pesquisas e reflexões nas áreas das ciências humanas. Seu objetivo principal é fomentar o debate e a produção científica em disciplinas como filosofia, história, geografia, literatura, sociologia, antropologia, estudos culturais, entre outras.
 A revista busca reunir trabalhos que explorem questões fundamentais relacionadas à condição humana, às diferentes formas de expressão cultural e aos processos históricos que moldam a sociedade. Seu foco está em oferecer uma plataforma para a disseminação de pesquisas originais e relevantes, além de incentivar o diálogo entre acadêmicos e pesquisadores.
 Os artigos publicados na Revista de Estudos Humanísticos passam por um rigoroso processo de revisão por pares, com o intuito de assegurar a qualidade e a consistência das contribuições científicas. Além disso, a revista busca diversidade de abordagens teóricas e metodológicas, estimulando a pluralidade de perspectivas no campo das ciências humanas.
 Com edições periódicas semestrais, a Revista de Estudos Humanísticos oferece um espaço para a divulgação de artigos científicos, ensaios, resenhas e entrevistas, possibilitando o intercâmbio de ideias e o avanço do conhecimento nesses campos do saber. É uma publicação de referência para estudiosos e interessados nas áreas das ciências humanas, contribuindo para o enriquecimento do debate intelectual e a compreensão da complexidade humana e da sociedade.
Lamellipodin-Deficient Mice: A Model of Rectal Carcinoma
Creators: name: Miller, Cassandra L.
name: Muthupalani, Sureshkumar
name: Shen, Zeli
name: Drees, Frauke
name: Ge, Zhongming
name: Feng, Yan
name: Chen, Xiaowei
name: Gong, Guanyu
name: Nagar, Karan K.
name: Wang, Timothy Cragin
name: Gertler, Frank B.
name: Fox, James G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Rectum--Cancer
Helicobacter
Rectum--Prolapse
Oncology
Pathology
Medical sciences

description: During a survey of clinical rectal prolapse (RP) cases in the mouse population at MIT animal research facilities, a high incidence of RP in the lamellipodin knock-out strain, C57BL/6-Raph1tm1Fbg (Lpd-/-) was documented. Upon further investigation, the Lpd-/- colony was found to be infected with multiple endemic enterohepatic Helicobacter species (EHS). Lpd-/- mice, a transgenic mouse strain produced at MIT, have not previously shown a distinct immune phenotype and are not highly susceptible to other opportunistic infections. Predominantly male Lpd-/- mice with RP exhibited lesions consistent with invasive rectal carcinoma concomitant to clinically evident RP. Multiple inflammatory cytokines, CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) populations, and epithelial cells positive for a DNA damage biomarker, H2AX, were elevated in affected tissue, supporting their role in the neoplastic process. An evaluation of Lpd-/- mice with RP compared to EHS-infected, but clinically normal (CN) Lpd-/- animals indicated that all of these mice exhibit some degree of lower bowel inflammation; however, mice with prolapses had significantly higher degree of focal lesions at the colo-rectal junction. When Helicobacter spp. infections were eliminated in Lpd-/- mice by embryo transfer rederivation, the disease phenotype was abrogated, implicating EHS as a contributing factor in the development of rectal carcinoma. Here we describe lesions in Lpd-/- male mice consistent with a focal inflammation-induced neoplastic transformation and propose this strain as a mouse model of rectal carcinoma.
From Discrete Tokens to High-Fidelity Audio Using Multi-Band Diffusion
Creators: name: Roman, Robin San
name: Adi, Yossi
name: Deleforge, Antoine
name: Serizel, Romain
name: Synnaeve, Gabriel
name: Défossez, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep generative models can generate high-fidelity audio conditioned on various types of representations (e.g., mel-spectrograms, Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC)). Recently, such models have been used to synthesize audio waveforms conditioned on highly compressed representations. Although such methods produce impressive results, they are prone to generate audible artifacts when the conditioning is flawed or imperfect. An alternative modeling approach is to use diffusion models. However, these have mainly been used as speech vocoders (i.e., conditioned on mel-spectrograms) or generating relatively low sampling rate signals. In this work, we propose a high-fidelity multi-band diffusion-based framework that generates any type of audio modality (e.g., speech, music, environmental sounds) from low-bitrate discrete representations. At equal bit rate, the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art generative techniques in terms of perceptual quality. Training and, evaluation code, along with audio samples, are available on the facebookresearch/audiocraft Github page.
description: 10 pages
A good and computationally efficient polynomial approximation to the Maier-Saupe nematic free energy
Creators: name: Soule, Ezequiel R.
name: Rey, Alejandro D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new computational strategy is proposed to approximate, with a simple but accurate expression, the Maier- Saupe free energy for nematic order. Instead of the traditional approach of expanding the free energy with a truncated Taylor series, we employ a least-squares fitting to obtain the coefficients of a polynomial expression. Both methods are compared, and the fitting with at most five polynomial terms is shown to provide a satisfactory fitting, and to give much more accurate results than the traditional Taylor expansion. We perform the analysis in terms of the tensor order parameter, so the results are valid in uniaxial and biaxial states.
description: This is an Author's Original Manuscript of an article Published in Liquid Crustals (copyright Taylor & Francis); available online at http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02678292.2010.539303#.Uo4PVifZ8l0
title: Catalogus Van Een Uytmuntend Cabinet, Met seer deftige en rare Goude, Silvere, en andere Medailles, Voornamelijk gehoorende tot Historie der Vereenigte Nederlanden; mitsgaders tot die van Vranckrijk, Engeland, Sweden, der Pausen, en anderen meer; 1712
title: In veel Jaren met grooten arbeyd en kosten by een vergadert, Hier is bygevoegt een seer curieus Yvoore Christus-Beeldtje, De welcke alle by Publycke Opveylingesullen werden verkogt In De Boekwinkel Van Abrah. De Hondt, Op de Groote Zael van 't Hof, Den 21 November 1712. Des voormiddags ten 9, en na de middag ten 2 uren precys = Catalogue D'Un Cabinet Tres-Curieux De très-excellentes & très-rares Medailles En Or, Argent, & autres sortes Metalliques. Principalement apartenantes à l'Histoire des Provinces-Unies, come aussi à l'Histoire de France, d'angleterre, de Suede, des Papes, & autres
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hondt, Abraham de
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: In 'sGravenhage By Abraham De Hondt, 1712. - Paralleltitelseite: A La Haye, Chez Abraham De Hondt, 1712.
Trajectories of Scores on a Screening Instrument for PTSD Among World Trade Center Rescue, Recovery, and Clean-Up Workers
Creators: name: Maslow, Carey B.
name: Caramanica, Kimberly
name: Welch, Alice E.
name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Brackbill, Robert M.
name: Farfel, Mark
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder
Medical screening
September 11 Terrorist Attacks (2001)
Epidemiology
Public health
Mental health

description: The longitudinal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) over 8–9 years was examined among 16,488 rescue and recovery workers who responded to the events of September 11, 2001 (9/11) at the World Trade Center (WTC; New York, NY), and were enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Registry. Latent class growth analysis identified 5 groups of rescue and recovery workers with similar score trajectories at 3 administrations of the PTSD Checklist (PCL): low-stable (53.3%), moderate- stable (28.7%), moderate-increasing (6.4%), high-decreasing (7.7%), and high-stable (4.0%). Relative to the low-stable group, membership in higher risk groups was associated with 9/11-related exposures including duration of WTC work, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.3 to 2.0, witnessing of horrific events (range = 1.3 to 2.1), being injured (range = 1.4 to 2.3), perceiving threat to life or safety (range = 2.2 to 5.2), bereavement (range = 1.6 to 4.8), and job loss due to 9/11 (range = 2.4 to 15.8). Within groups, higher PCL scores were associated with adverse social circumstances including lower social support, with B coefficients ranging from 0.2 to 0.6, divorce, separation, or widowhood (range = 0.4–0.7), and unemployment (range = 0.4–0.5). Given baseline, exposure-related, and contextual influences that affect divergent PTSD trajectories, screening for both PTSD and adverse circumstances should occur immediately, and at regular intervals postdisaster.
A statistical approach to the inverse problem in magnetoencephalography
Creators: name: Yao, Zhigang
name: Eddy, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an imaging technique used to measure the magnetic field outside the human head produced by the electrical activity inside the brain. The MEG inverse problem, identifying the location of the electrical sources from the magnetic signal measurements, is ill-posed, that is, there are an infinite number of mathematically correct solutions. Common source localization methods assume the source does not vary with time and do not provide estimates of the variability of the fitted model. Here, we reformulate the MEG inverse problem by considering time-varying locations for the sources and their electrical moments and we model their time evolution using a state space model. Based on our predictive model, we investigate the inverse problem by finding the posterior source distribution given the multiple channels of observations at each time rather than fitting fixed source parameters. Our new model is more realistic than common models and allows us to estimate the variation of the strength, orientation and position. We propose two new Monte Carlo methods based on sequential importance sampling. Unlike the usual MCMC sampling scheme, our new methods work in this situation without needing to tune a high-dimensional transition kernel which has a very high cost. The dimensionality of the unknown parameters is extremely large and the size of the data is even larger. We use Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) to speed up the computation.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS716 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Performance of Self-Report to Establish Cancer Diagnoses in Disaster Responders and Survivors, World Trade Center Health Registry, New York, 2001–2007
Creators: name: Li, Jiehui
name: Cone, James
name: Alt, Abigail K.
name: Wu, David R.
name: Liff, Jonathan M.
name: Farfel, Mark
name: Stellman, Steven D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cancer--Reporting
Self-evaluation--Research
Public health surveillance
September 11 Terrorist Attacks (2001)
Epidemiology
Medical sciences

description: Objective. Large-scale disasters may disrupt health surveillance systems, depriving health officials and researchers of timely and accurate information needed to assess disaster-related health effects and leading to use of less reliable self-reports of health outcomes. In particular, ascertainment of cancer in a population is ordinarily obtained through linkage of self-reported data with regional cancer registries, but exclusive reliance on these sources following a disaster may result in lengthy delays or loss of critical data. To assess the impact of such reliance, we validated self-reported cancer in a cohort of 59,340 responders and survivors of the World Trade Center disaster against data from 11 state cancer registries (SCRs).
Methods. We focused on residents of the 11 states with SCRs and on cancers diagnosed from September 11, 2001, to the date of their last survey participation. Medical records were also sought in a subset of 595 self-reported cancer patients who were not recorded in an SCR.
Results. Overall sensitivity and specificity of self-reported cancer were 83.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 81.9, 85.9) and 98.5% (95% CI 98.4, 98.6), respectively. Site-specific sensitivities were highest for pancreatic (90.9%) and testicular (82.4%) cancers and multiple myeloma (84.6%). Compared with enrollees with true-positive reports, enrollees with false-negative reports were more likely to be non-Hispanic black (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5 1.8, 95% CI 1.2, 2.9) or Asian (aOR52.2, 95% CI 1.2, 4.1). Among the 595 cases not recorded in an SCR, 13 of 62 (21%) cases confirmed through medical records were reportable to SCRs.
Conclusion. Self-report of cancer had relatively high sensitivity among adults exposed to the World Trade Center disaster, suggesting that self-reports of other disaster-related conditions less amenable to external validation may also be reasonably valid.