cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An efficient and accurate approximation to the distribution of quadratic forms of Gaussian variables
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong
name: Shen, Judong
name: Wu, Zheyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In computational and applied statistics, it is of great interest to get fast and accurate calculation for the distributions of the quadratic forms of Gaussian random variables. This paper presents a novel approximation strategy that contains two developments. First, we propose a faster numerical procedure in computing the moments of the quadratic forms. Second, we establish a general moment-matching framework for distribution approximation, which covers existing approximation methods for the distributions of the quadratic forms of Gaussian variables. Under this framework, a novel moment-ratio method (MR) is proposed to match the ratio of skewness and kurtosis based on the gamma distribution. Our extensive simulations show that 1) MR is almost as accurate as the exact distribution calculation and is much more efficient; 2) comparing with existing approximation methods, MR significantly improves the accuracy of approximating far right tail probabilities. The proposed method has wide applications. For example, it is a better choice than existing methods for facilitating hypothesis testing in big data analysis, where efficient and accurate calculation of very small $p$-values is desired. An R package Qapprox that implements related methods is available on CRAN.
A characterization of hyperbolic geometry among Hilbert geometry
Creators: name: Guo, Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53A35; Secondary 51M09, 52A20

description: In this paper we characterize hyperbolic geometry among Hilbert geometry by the property that three medians of any hyperbolic triangle all pass through one point.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Enhancing VQE Convergence for Optimization Problems with Problem-specific Parameterized Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Matsuo, Atsushi
name: Suzuki, Yudai
name: Hamamura, Ikko
name: Yamashita, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm is gaining interest for its potential use in near-term quantum devices. In the VQE algorithm, parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are employed to prepare quantum states, which are then utilized to compute the expectation value of a given Hamiltonian. Designing efficient PQCs is crucial for improving convergence speed. In this study, we introduce problem-specific PQCs tailored for optimization problems by dynamically generating PQCs that incorporate problem constraints. This approach reduces a search space by focusing on unitary transformations that benefit the VQE algorithm, and accelerate convergence. Our experimental results demonstrate that the convergence speed of our proposed PQCs outperforms state-of-the-art PQCs, highlighting the potential of problem-specific PQCs in optimization problems.
Quantum Communication Complexity of Distribution Testing
Creators: name: Belovs, Aleksandrs
name: Castellanos, Arturo
name: Gall, François Le
name: Malod, Guillaume
name: Sherstov, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical communication complexity of testing closeness of discrete distributions has recently been studied by Andoni, Malkin and Nosatzki (ICALP'19). In this problem, two players each receive $t$ samples from one distribution over $[n]$, and the goal is to decide whether their two distributions are equal, or are $ε$-far apart in the $l_1$-distance. In the present paper we show that the quantum communication complexity of this problem is $\tilde{O}(n/(tε^2))$ qubits when the distributions have low $l_2$-norm, which gives a quadratic improvement over the classical communication complexity obtained by Andoni, Malkin and Nosatzki. We also obtain a matching lower bound by using the pattern matrix method. Let us stress that the samples received by each of the parties are classical, and it is only communication between them that is quantum. Our results thus give one setting where quantum protocols overcome classical protocols for a testing problem with purely classical samples.
description: 11 pages
Photometric Analysis of the Optical Counterpart of the Black Hole HMXB M33 X-7
Creators: name: Shporer, Avi
name: Hartman, Joel
name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Pietsch, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Study the high-mass X-ray binary X-7 in M33 using broad-band optical data. Methods: We used recently published CFHT r' and i' data for variable stars in M33 to extract the light curve of the optical counterpart of X-7. We combined these data with DIRECT B and V measurements in order to search for an independent optical modulation with the X-ray periodicity. The periodic modulation is modelled with the ellipsoidal effect. We used UBVRr'i' magnitudes of the system to constrain the temperature and radius of the optical component. Results: The optical data revealed a periodicity of 3.4530 +- 0.0014 days, which is consistent with the known X-ray period. Double modulation, which we attributed to ellipsoidal modulation, is clearly seen in four different optical bands. The absolute magnitude in six optical bands is most consistent with a stellar counterpart with 33000 < T_{eff} < 47000 K and 15 < R < 20 R_{\sun}. We modelled the optical periodic modulation and derived the masses of the two components as a function of the orbital inclination and the radius of the stellar component. The resulting mass range for the compact object is 1.3 < M < 23 M_{\sun}. Conclusions: The system is probably a black hole HMXB, similar to Cyg X-1, LMC X-1 and LMC X-3.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Intrinsic nature of spontaneous magnetic fields in superconductors with time-reversal symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Huddart, B. M.
name: Onuorah, I. J.
name: Isah, M. M.
name: Bonfà, P.
name: Blundell, S. J.
name: Clark, S. J.
name: De Renzi, R.
name: Lancaster, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic investigation of muon-stopping states in superconductors that reportedly exhibit spontaneous magnetic fields below their transition temperatures due to time-reversal symmetry breaking. These materials include elemental rhenium, several intermetallic systems and Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. We demonstrate that the presence of the muon leads to only a limited and relatively localized perturbation to the local crystal structure, while any small changes to the electronic structure occur several electron volts below the Fermi energy leading to only minimal changes in the charge density on ions close to the muon. Our results imply that the muon-induced perturbation alone is unlikely to lead to the observed spontaneous fields in these materials, whose origin is more likely intrinsic to the time-reversal symmetry broken superconducting state.
description: Main text: 6 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental Material: 13 pages, 16 figures
Sense, reference, and computation
Creators: name: Bentzen, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, I revisit Frege's theory of sense and reference in the constructive setting of the meaning explanations of type theory, extending and sharpening a program--value analysis of sense and reference proposed by Martin-Löf building on previous work of Dummett. I propose a computational identity criterion for senses and argue that it validates what I see as the most plausible interpretation of Frege's equipollence principle for both sentences and singular terms. Before doing so, I examine Frege's implementation of his theory of sense and reference in the logical framework of Grundgesetze, his doctrine of truth values, and views on sameness of sense as equipollence of assertions.
description: Special issue on Philosophical Logic
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Risk Factors for Sporadic Food-Borne Illnesses. Part XI: Hepatitis E infection
Creators: name: Gonzales-Barron, Ursula
name: Cadavez, Vasco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hepatitis E virus
Pathways of transmission

description: Report on risk factors for sporadic hepatitis E infection prepared on request from the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), as deliverable of the services contract "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Risk Factors for Sporadic Food-Borne Illnesses".
Light-cone divergence in twist-3 correlation functions
Creators: name: Gamberg, L. P.
name: Hwang, D. S.
name: Metz, A.
name: Schlegel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that the definition of the twist-3 transverse momentum dependent correlation functions must be modified if they contain light-like Wilson lines. In the framework of a simple spectator model of the nucleon we show explicitly the presence of a light-cone divergence for a specific twist-3 time-reversal odd parton density. This divergence emerges for all eight twist-3 T-odd correlators and appears also in the case of a quark target in perturbative QCD. The divergence can be removed by using non-light-like Wilson lines. Based on our results we argue that currently there exists no established factorization formula for transverse momentum dependent twist-3 observables in semi-inclusive DIS and related processes.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, slightly extended version, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Culebra de herradura – Hemorrhois hippocrepis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Feriche, Mónica
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Colubridae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 2-02-2004; 10-11-2004; 20-11-2004; 19-12-2006; 19-10-2009; 17-09-2015
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Horseshoe whipsnake Hemorrhois hippocrepis in Spain.
Generalized quantum process discrimination problems
Creators: name: Nakahira, Kenji
name: Kato, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a broad class of quantum process discrimination problems that can handle many optimization strategies such as the Bayes, Neyman-Pearson, and unambiguous strategies, where each process can consist of multiple time steps and can have an internal memory. Given a collection of candidate processes, our task is to find a discrimination strategy, which may be adaptive and/or entanglement-assisted, that maximizes a given objective function subject to given constraints. Our problem can be formulated as a convex problem. Its Lagrange dual problem with no duality gap and necessary and sufficient conditions for an optimal solution are derived. We also show that if a problem has a certain symmetry and at least one optimal solution exists, then there also exists an optimal solution with the same type of symmetry. A minimax strategy for a process discrimination problem is also discussed. As applications of our results, we provide some problems in which an adaptive strategy is not necessary for optimal discrimination. We also present an example of single-shot channel discrimination for which an analytical solution can be obtained.
title: The geometry of architecture : the formulas, the geometry of forms and their concretization
Creators: name: Nápoles, Suzana
Publisher: name: As fórmulas na arquitectura
Year: 2020

description: As fórmulas na arquitectura / 4.º Seminário Internacional de Arquitectura e Matemática ; coordenação de Fátima Silva, Elsa Negas, Rui Seco. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada, 2020. - P. 289.
Non-relativistic String and D-branes on AdS_5 x S^5 from Semiclassical Approximation
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that non-relativistic actions of string and D-branes on AdS_5 x S^5 can be reproduced as a semiclassical approximation of the string and D-brane actions around static 1/2 BPS configurations. This is contrastive to the Penrose limit. For example, the pp-wave string can be recaptured as a semiclassical approximation around a 1/2 BPS particle rotating at the velocity of light. We argue that small deformation of a straight Wilson line would give a composite operator in the gauge-theory side that corresponds to a semiclassical state of the non-relativistic string, according to the semiclassical interpretation.
description: 28+1 pages
AdaGNN: Graph Neural Networks with Adaptive Frequency Response Filter
Creators: name: Dong, Yushun
name: Ding, Kaize
name: Jalaian, Brian
name: Ji, Shuiwang
name: Li, Jundong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Networks have recently become a prevailing paradigm for various high-impact graph analytical problems. Existing efforts can be mainly categorized as spectral-based and spatial-based methods. The major challenge for the former is to find an appropriate graph filter to distill discriminative information from input signals for learning. Recently, myriads of explorations are made to achieve better graph filters, e.g., Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), which leverages Chebyshev polynomial truncation to seek an approximation of graph filters and bridge these two families of methods. Nevertheless, it has been shown in recent studies that GCN and its variants are essentially employing fixed low-pass filters to perform information denoising. Thus their learning capability is rather limited and may over-smooth node representations at deeper layers. To tackle these problems, we develop a novel graph neural network framework AdaGNN with a well-designed adaptive frequency response filter. At its core, AdaGNN leverages a simple but elegant trainable filter that spans across multiple layers to capture the varying importance of different frequency components for node representation learning. The inherent differences among different feature channels are also well captured by the filter. As such, it empowers AdaGNN with stronger expressiveness and naturally alleviates the over-smoothing problem. We empirically validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework on various benchmark datasets. Theoretical analysis is also provided to show the superiority of the proposed AdaGNN. The open-source implementation of AdaGNN can be found here: https://github.com/yushundong/AdaGNN.
description: Published as a conference paper at CIKM 2021
Elliptic stable envelopes and hypertoric loop spaces
Creators: name: McBreen, Michael
name: Sheshmani, Artan
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14N35, 14M25, 14J33, 53D30, 53D55

description: This paper relates the elliptic stable envelopes of a hypertoric variety $X$ with the K-theoretic stable envelopes of the loop hypertoric space, $\widetilde{\mathscr{L}}X$. It thus points to a possible categorification of elliptic stable envelopes.
description: To appear in Selecta Mathematica. Some corrections and improvements to the exposition with respect to the previous version
Buitre negro - Aegypius monachus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Creators: name: Moral, Juan Carlos Del
name: Puente, Javier De La
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Aves - Orden Falconiformes - Familia Accipitridae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 19-12-2005; 10-10-2006; 19-01-2007; 21-02-2008; 26-08-2008; 12-03-2010; 10-05-2010; 20-05-2010; 10-07-2014; 23-03-2016
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Black vulture Aegypius monachus in Spain.
Charm sea effects on charmonium decay constants and heavy meson masses
Creators: name: Cali, Salvatore
name: Eckert, Kevin
name: Heitger, Jochen
name: Knechtli, Francesco
name: Korzec, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the effects on the decay constants of charmonium and on heavy meson masses due to the charm quark in the sea. Our goal is to understand whether for these quantities $N_f=2+1$ lattice QCD simulations provide results that can be compared with experiments or whether $N_f=2+1+1$ QCD including the charm quark in the sea needs to be simulated. We consider two theories, $N_f=0$ QCD and QCD with $N_f=2$ charm quarks in the sea. The charm sea effects (due to two charm quarks) are estimated comparing the results obtained in these two theories, after matching them and taking the continuum limit. The absence of light quarks allows us to simulate the $N_f=2$ theory at lattice spacings down to $0.023$ fm that are crucial for reliable continuum extrapolations. We find that sea charm quark effects are below $1\%$ for the decay constants of charmonium. Our results show that decoupling of charm works well up to energies of about $500$ MeV. We also compute the derivatives of the decay constants and meson masses with respect to the charm mass. For these quantities we again do not see a significant dynamical charm quark effect, albeit with a lower precision. For mesons made of a charm quark and a heavy antiquark, whose mass is twice that of the charm quark, sea effects are only about $0.1\%$ in the ratio of vector to pseudoscalar masses.
description: Matches version accepted for publication in Eur.Phys.J.C. 30 pages, 7 figures
Aguililla calzada – Hieraaetus pennatus (Gmelin, 1788)
Creators: name: García Dios, Ignacio Santiago
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Falconiformes - Familia Accipitridae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 11-08-2005; 12-01-2007; 24-01-2007; 11-02-2008; 29-08-2008; 1-12-2009; 25-05-2014
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Booted eagle Hieraaetus pennatus in Spain.
Quantum Meets Fine-grained Complexity: Sublinear Time Quantum Algorithms for String Problems
Creators: name: Gall, François Le
name: Seddighin, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Longest common substring (LCS), longest palindrome substring (LPS), and Ulam distance (UL) are three fundamental string problems that can be classically solved in near linear time. In this work, we present sublinear time quantum algorithms for these problems along with quantum lower bounds. Our results shed light on a very surprising fact: Although the classic solutions for LCS and LPS are almost identical (via suffix trees), their quantum computational complexities are different. While we give an exact $\tilde O(\sqrt{n})$ time algorithm for LPS, we prove that LCS needs at least time $\tilde Ω(n^{2/3})$ even for 0/1 strings.
description: 33 pages; presented at ITCS 2022
Anguila – Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Gómez Juaristi, Miren
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: CSIC - Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN)
Year: 2017

description: Peces - Orden Anguilliformes - Familia Anguillidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 6-02-2006, 23-11-2006; 7-12-2007; 5-03-2009; 21-12-2011
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the European eel Anguilla anguilla in Spain.
Hen 2-104: A close-up look at the Southern Crab
Creators: name: Santander-Garcia, M.
name: Corradi, R. L. M.
name: Mampaso, A.
name: Morisset, C.
name: Munari, U.
name: Schirmer, M.
name: Balick, B.
name: Livio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematics, shaping, density distribution, expansion distance, and ionized mass of the nebula Hen 2-104, and the nature of its symbiotic Mira are investigated. A combination of multi-epoch HST images and VLT integral field high-resolution spectroscopy is used to study the nebular dynamics both along the line of sight and in the plane of the sky. These observations allow us to construct a 3-D spatio-kinematical model of the nebula, which together with the measurement of its apparent expansion in the plane of the sky over a period of 4 years, provides the expansion parallax for the nebula. The integral field data featuring the [S{\sc ii}] $λλ$671.7,673.1 emission line doublet provide us with a density map of the inner lobes of the nebula, which together with the distance estimation allow us to estimate its ionized mass. We find densities ranging from n$_e$=500 to 1000 cm$^{-3}$ in the inner lobes and from 300 to 500cm$^{-3}$ in the outer lobes. We determine an expansion parallax distance of 3.3$\pm$0.9 kpc to Hen 2-104, implying an unexpectedly large ionized mass for the nebula of the order of one tenth of a solar mass.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Tight Distributed Listing of Cliques
Creators: name: Censor-Hillel, Keren
name: Chang, Yi-Jun
name: Gall, François Le
name: Leitersdorf, Dean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Much progress has recently been made in understanding the complexity landscape of subgraph finding problems in the CONGEST model of distributed computing. However, so far, very few tight bounds are known in this area. For triangle (i.e., 3-clique) listing, an optimal $\tilde{O}(n^{1/3})$-round distributed algorithm has been constructed by Chang et al.~[SODA 2019, PODC 2019]. Recent works of Eden et al.~[DISC 2019] and of Censor-Hillel et al.~[PODC 2020] have shown sublinear algorithms for $K_p$-listing, for each $p \geq 4$, but still leaving a significant gap between the upper bounds and the known lower bounds of the problem.
 In this paper, we completely close this gap. We show that for each $p \geq 4$, there is an $\tilde{O}(n^{1 - 2/p})$-round distributed algorithm that lists all $p$-cliques $K_p$ in the communication network. Our algorithm is \emph{optimal} up to a polylogarithmic factor, due to the $\tildeΩ(n^{1 - 2/p})$-round lower bound of Fischer et al.~[SPAA 2018], which holds even in the CONGESTED CLIQUE model. Together with the triangle-listing algorithm by Chang et al.~[SODA 2019, PODC 2019], our result thus shows that the round complexity of $K_p$-listing, for all $p$, is the same in both the CONGEST and CONGESTED CLIQUE models, at $\tildeΘ(n^{1 - 2/p})$ rounds.
 For $p=4$, our result additionally matches the $\tildeΩ(n^{1/2})$ lower bound for $K_4$-\emph{detection} by Czumaj and Konrad [DISC 2018], implying that the round complexities for detection and listing of $K_4$ are equivalent in the CONGEST model.
description: 21 pages. To appear in SODA 2021
Detection regimes of the cosmological gravitational wave background from astrophysical sources
Creators: name: Coward, David
name: Regimbau, Tania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Key targets for gravitational wave (GW) observatories, such as LIGO and the next generation interferometric detector, Advanced LIGO, include core-collapse of massive stars and the final stage of coalescence of compact stellar remnants. The combined GW signal from such events occurring throughout the Universe will produce an astrophysical GW background (AGB), one that is fundamentally different from the GW background by very early Universe processes. One can classify contributions to the AGB for different classes of sources based on the strength of the GW emissions from the individual sources, their peak emission frequency, emission duration and their event rate density distribution. This article provides an overview of the detectability regimes of the AGB in the context of current and planned gravitational wave observatories. We show that there are two important AGB signal detection regimes, which we define as `continuous' and `popcorn noise'. We describe how the `popcorn noise' AGB regime evolves with observation time and we discuss how this feature distinguishes it from the GW background produced from very early Universe processes.
description: accepted for publication in New Astronomy Reviews; 23 pages and 2 figures
Translation-invariant functional clustering on COVID-19 deaths adjusted on population risk factors
Creators: name: Cheam, Amay SM
name: Fredette, Marc
name: Marbac, Matthieu
name: Navarro, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has taken the world by storm with its high infection rate. Investigating its geographical disparities has paramount interest in order to gauge its relationships with political decisions, economic indicators, or mental health. This paper focuses on clustering the daily death rates reported in several regions of Europe and the United States over eight months. Several methods have been developed to cluster such functional data. However, these methods are not translation-invariant and thus cannot handle different times of arrivals of the disease, nor can they consider external covariates and so are unable to adjust for the population risk factors of each region. We propose a novel three-step clustering method to circumvent these issues. As a first step, feature extraction is performed by translation-invariant wavelet decomposition which permits to deal with the different onsets. As a second step, single-index regression is used to neutralize disparities caused by population risk factors. As a third step, a nonparametric mixture is fitted on the regression residuals to achieve the region clustering. Supplementary materials for this article, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work, are available online.
A numerical study of an Heaviside function driven degenerate diffusion equation
Creators: name: Alberini, Carlo
name: Capitanelli, Raffaela
name: Vita, Stefano Finzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K86, 65M06, 35R35

description: We analyze a nonlinear degenerate parabolic problem whose diffusion coefficient is the Heaviside function of the distance of the solution itself from a given target function. We show that this model behaves as an evolutive variational inequality having the target as an obstacle: under suitable hypotheses, starting from an initial state above the target the solution evolves in time towards an asymptotic solution, eventually getting in contact with part of the target itself. We also study a finite difference approach to the solution of this problem, using the exact Heaviside function or a regular approximation of it, showing the results of some numerical tests.
On the efficiency of decentralized epidemic management and application to Covid-19
Creators: name: De Silva, Olivier Lindamulage
name: Lasaulce, Samson
name: Morărescu, Irinel-Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91A06, 91A10, 91A80

description: In this paper, we introduce a game that allows one to assess the potential loss of efficiency induced by a decentralized control or local management of a global epidemic. Each player typically represents a region or a country which is assumed to choose its control action to implement a tradeoff between socioeconomic aspects and the health aspect. We conduct the Nash equilibrium analysis of this game. Since the analysis is not trivial in general, sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness are provided. Then we quantify through numerical results the loss induced by decentralization, measured in terms of price of anarchy (PoA) and price of connectedness (PoC). These results allow one to clearly identify scenarios where decentralization is acceptable or not regarding to the retained global efficiency measures.
description: Accepted for publication in LCSS
Vortices in Thin, Compressible, Unmagnetized Disks
Creators: name: Johnson, Bryan M.
name: Gammie, Charles F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the formation and evolution of vortices in a hydrodynamic shearing-sheet model. The evolution is done numerically using a version of the ZEUS code. Consistent with earlier results, an injected vorticity field evolves into a set of long-lived vortices, each of which has a radial extent comparable to the local scale height. But we also find that the resulting velocity field has a positive shear stress, . This effect appears only at high resolution. The transport, which decays with time as t^-1/2, arises primarily because the vortices drive compressive motions. This result suggests a possible mechanism for angular momentum transport in low-ionization disks, with two important caveats: a mechanism must be found to inject vorticity into the disk, and the vortices must not decay rapidly due to three-dimensional instabilities.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures (high resolution figures available in ApJ electronic edition)
title: Künstlerische Strategien bei der Aneignung von fotografischen Bildern im Kontext der Digitalisierung
Creators: name: Wudtke, Birgit
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Visual History
Year: 2019

description: Es erscheint zunächst nur konsequent, wenn einige Künstler*innen sich heute entschließen, auf die Herstellung eigener Fotografien gänzlich zu verzichten, und sich gleich aus dem globalen Pool von Bildern bedienen, um diese dann zu verfremden, zu collagieren und neu zu kontextualisieren. Sie überspringen den Schritt der Bilderstellung und gehen gleich zur Realisation (und Vermarktung) szenischer oder ornamentaler Ideen über. Jeder Fotograf – Laie wie Profi – wird unter diesen Bedingungen mit seinen Bildern im Netz zum Materiallieferanten, der zuweilen auch den Künstlern im Atelier zuarbeitet, wenn diese die Bildrechte im Sinne der Kunstfreiheit außer Kraft zu setzen wissen. Die Praktiken der originalen Bildherstellung entfallen so zugunsten der Operationen an vorhandenen Bildern. Das Studio wird zum Post-Studio. Diesen Arbeitsraum gilt es, im Folgenden genauer zu untersuchen. Es handelt sich im Gegensatz zum konkreten, stillen Raum um eine Virtual Reality, die ihrerseits von immateriellen, selbstaktiven Prozeduren bestimmt wird.
Constraints on Dark Energy Models Including Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Li, Hong
name: Su, Meng
name: Fan, Zuhui
name: Dai, Zigao
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the constraints on the property of dark energy from cosmological observations. Together with SNe Ia Gold sample, WMAP, SDSS and 2dFGRS data, we include 69 long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) data in our study and perform global fitting using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. Dark energy perturbations are explicitly considered. We pay particular attention to the time evolution of the equation of state of dark energy parameterized as $w_{DE}=w_0+w_a(1-a)$ with $a$ the scale factor of the universe, emphasizing the complementarity of high redshift GRBs to other cosmological probes. It is found that the constraints on dark energy become stringent by taking into account high redshift GRBs, especially for $w_a$, which delineates the evolution of dark energy.
description: 7 pages and 3 figures. Replaced with version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
CauchyCP: a powerful test under non-proportional hazards using Cauchy combination of change-point Cox regressions
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong
name: Li, Qing
name: Mehrotra, Devan V.
name: Shen, Judong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Non-proportional hazards data are routinely encountered in randomized clinical trials. In such cases, classic Cox proportional hazards model can suffer from severe power loss, with difficulty in interpretation of the estimated hazard ratio since the treatment effect varies over time. We propose CauchyCP, an omnibus test of change-point Cox regression models, to overcome both challenges while detecting signals of non-proportional hazards patterns. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate that, compared to existing treatment comparison tests under non-proportional hazards, the proposed CauchyCP test 1) controls the type I error better at small $α$ levels ($< 0.01$); 2) increases the power of detecting time-varying effects; and 3) is more computationally efficient. The superior performance of CauchyCP is further illustrated using retrospective analyses of two randomized clinical trial datasets and a pharmacogenetic biomarker study dataset. The R package $\textit{CauchyCP}$ is publicly available on CRAN.
Recommending Metamodel Concepts during Modeling Activities with Pre-Trained Language Models
Creators: name: Weyssow, Martin
name: Sahraoui, Houari
name: Syriani, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design of conceptually sound metamodels that embody proper semantics in relation to the application domain is particularly tedious in Model-Driven Engineering. As metamodels define complex relationships between domain concepts, it is crucial for a modeler to define these concepts thoroughly while being consistent with respect to the application domain. We propose an approach to assist a modeler in the design of a metamodel by recommending relevant domain concepts in several modeling scenarios. Our approach does not require to extract knowledge from the domain or to hand-design completion rules. Instead, we design a fully data-driven approach using a deep learning model that is able to abstract domain concepts by learning from both structural and lexical metamodel properties in a corpus of thousands of independent metamodels. We evaluate our approach on a test set containing 166 metamodels, unseen during the model training, with more than 5000 test samples. Our preliminary results show that the trained model is able to provide accurate top-$5$ lists of relevant recommendations for concept renaming scenarios. Although promising, the results are less compelling for the scenario of the iterative construction of the metamodel, in part because of the conservative strategy we use to evaluate the recommendations.
description: 18+2 pages
Lagartija carpetana – Iberolacerta cyreni (Müller y Hellmich, 1937)
Creators: name: Martín Rueda, José
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Lacertidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 12-01-2005; 5-12-2006; 17-02-2008; 24-08-2009; 1-09-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Iberian rock lizard Iberolacerta cyreni in Spain.
Principal Components Bias in Over-parameterized Linear Models, and its Manifestation in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Hacohen, Guy
name: Weinshall, Daphna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent work suggests that convolutional neural networks of different architectures learn to classify images in the same order. To understand this phenomenon, we revisit the over-parametrized deep linear network model. Our analysis reveals that, when the hidden layers are wide enough, the convergence rate of this model's parameters is exponentially faster along the directions of the larger principal components of the data, at a rate governed by the corresponding singular values. We term this convergence pattern the Principal Components bias (PC-bias). Empirically, we show how the PC-bias streamlines the order of learning of both linear and non-linear networks, more prominently at earlier stages of learning. We then compare our results to the simplicity bias, showing that both biases can be seen independently, and affect the order of learning in different ways. Finally, we discuss how the PC-bias may explain some benefits of early stopping and its connection to PCA, and why deep networks converge more slowly with random labels.
description: JMLR 2022
Paulo Fambri, Le corti d'onore, in «Nuova Antologia di Scienze, Lettere e Arti», XVI, serie III, 16 luglio 1888, 234-267
Creators: name: D'Onore, Questioni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)

description: Paulo Fambri, Le corti d'onore, in «Nuova Antologia di Scienze, Lettere e Arti», XVI, serie III, 16 luglio 1888, 234-267
Renormalization Group Approach to Generalized Cosmological models
Creators: name: Ibanez, J.
name: Jhingan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit here the problem of generalized cosmology using renormalization group approach. A complete analysis of these cosmologies, where specific models appear as asymptotic fixed-points, is given here along with their linearized stability analysis.
description: 10 pages, to appear in the International Journal of Theoretical Physics
Hard hat wearing detection based on head keypoint localization
Creators: name: Wójcik, Bartosz
name: Żarski, Mateusz
name: Książek, Kamil
name: Miszczak, Jarosław Adam
name: Skibniewski, Mirosław Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, a lot of attention is paid to deep learning methods in the context of vision-based construction site safety systems, especially regarding personal protective equipment. However, despite all this attention, there is still no reliable way to establish the relationship between workers and their hard hats. To answer this problem a combination of deep learning, object detection and head keypoint localization, with simple rule-based reasoning is proposed in this article. In tests, this solution surpassed the previous methods based on the relative bounding box position of different instances, as well as direct detection of hard hat wearers and non-wearers. The results show that the conjunction of novel deep learning methods with humanly-interpretable rule-based systems can result in a solution that is both reliable and can successfully mimic manual, on-site supervision. This work is the next step in the development of fully autonomous construction site safety systems and shows that there is still room for improvement in this area.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures and 9 tables
Intrinsic Heating and Cooling in Adiabatic Processes for Bosons in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Ho, Tin-Lun
name: Zhou, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that by raising the lattice "adiabatically" as in all current optical lattice experiments on bosons, even though the temperature may decrease initially, it will eventually rise linearly with lattice height, taking the system further away from quantum degeneracy. This increase is {\rm intrinsic} and is caused by the {\em adiabatic compression} during the raising of red detuned lattices. However, the origin of this heating, which is {\em entirely different} from that in the bulk, also shows that one can {\em reverse} the temperature rise to reach quantum degeneracy by {\em adiabatic expansion}, which can be achieved by using blue detuned lasers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, misprints are corrected and an additional acknowledgement is added
Quantum information processing using frequency control of impurity spins in diamond
Creators: name: Zagoskin, A. M.
name: Johansson, J. R.
name: Ashhab, S.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin degrees of freedom of charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV$^-$) centers in diamond have large decoherence times even at room temperature, can be initialized and read out using optical fields, and are therefore a promising candidate for solid state qubits. Recently, quantum manipulations of NV$^-$- centers using RF fields were experimentally realized. In this paper we show; first, that such operations can be controlled by varying the frequency of the signal, instead of its amplitude, and NV$^-$- centers can be selectively addressed even with spacially uniform RF signals; second, that when several \NV - centers are placed in an off-resonance optical cavity, a similar application of classical optical fields provides a controlled coupling and enables a universal two-qubit gate (CPHASE). RF and optical control together promise a scalable quantum computing architecture.
Jabalí – Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758
Creators: name: Fernández-Llario, Pedro
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Mamíferos - Orden Artiodactyla - Familia Suidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 14-03-2006; 12-04-2007; 29-05-2008; 30-04-2014
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the wild boar Sus scrofa in Spain.
Diagnostic of Homologous Solar Surge Plasma as observed by IRIS and SDO
Creators: name: Kayshap, Pradeep
name: Payal, Rajdeep Singh
name: Tripathi, Sharad C.
name: Padhy, Harihara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surges have regularly been observed mostly in H$_α$ 6563~Å and Ca~{\sc ii} 8542~Å. However, surge$'$s response to other prominent lines of the interface-region (Mg~{\sc ii} k 2796.35~Å $\&$ h 2803.52~Å, O~{\sc iv} 1401.15~Å, Si~{\sc iv} 1402.77~Å) is not well studied. Here, the evolution and kinematics of six homologous surges are analysed using IRIS and AIA observations. These surges were observed on 7$^{th}$ July 2014, located very close to the limb. DEM analysis is performed on these surges where the co-existence of cool (log T/K = 6.35) and relatively hot (log T/K = 6.95) components have been found at the base. This demonstrates that the bases of surges undergo substantial heating. During the emission of these surges in the above mentioned interface-region lines, being reported here for the first time, two peaks have been observed in the initial phase of emission, where one peak is found to be constant while other one as varying, i.e., non-constant (observed red to blueshifts across the surge evolution) in nature. This suggests the rotational motion of surge plasma. The heated base and rotating plasma suggests the occurrence of magnetic reconnection, most likely, as the trigger for homologous surges. During the emission of these surges, it is found that despite being optically thick (i.e., R$_{kh}$ < 2.0), central reversal was not observed for Mg~{\sc ii} k $\&$ h lines. Further, R$_{kh}$ increases with surge emission in time and it is found to have positive correlation with Doppler Velocity while negative with Gaussian width.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures (9 main+3 appendix), Accepted for Publication in MNRAS
Avutarda – Otis tarda Linnaeus, 1758
Creators: name: Alonso López, Juan C.
name: Palacín, Carlos
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Aves - Orden Gruiformes - Familia Otididae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 17-06-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Great Bustard Otis tarda in Spain.
Brief report: the effect of gender on teachers’ perceptions of behaviours in students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Creators: name: Nah, Yong-Hwee
name: Tan, Julianne Wen-Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: It has been suggested that gender stereotypes can influence social perception and how people perceive behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) based on the individual’s gender. This study aimed to investigate the effect of student’s gender on teachers’ perceptions of ASD behaviours in regular school settings. The sample consisted of 60 primary school teachers with a mean of 11.82 years (SD = 7.34) of teaching experience. Participants read a total of 20 vignettes depicting students’ behaviours and were asked to rate the featured student’s behaviour using a 5-point Likert scale (i.e., 1 = Strongly Negative to 5 = Strongly Positive). The survey vignettes were presented in a randomised order and participants were randomly assigned to either the female gender group or the male gender group. Results indicated that teachers rated the male ASD student’s social behaviours but not the repetitive and restricted behaviours significantly more negatively than the female ASD student. Using multiple regression analysis, teachers’ prior awareness of ASD affected their ratings for the social behaviours. Findings from this study would have implications for teacher training in understanding and supporting students with ASD.