cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
INCENTIVE-BASED SOLUTIONS TO AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE
Creators: name: Randall, Alan
name: Taylor, Michael A.
name: Randall, Alan
name: Taylor, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Theory predicts that incentive-based regulatory instruments reduce compliance costs by encouraging efficient resource allocation and innovation in environmental technology. Cost reductions from pollution permit trading often have exceeded expectations, but the devil is in the detail: the rules matter. In recent years, IB instruments of many kinds, from permit trading to various informal voluntary agreements, have been introduced in many countries. Point-nonpoint trading programs have been established in the U.S., but recorded trades have been rare. We speculate about prospects for performance-based monitoring of agricultural nonpojnt pollution which, we believe, would encourage trading to the benefit of farmers and society.
Diluted one-dimensional spin glasses with power law decaying interactions
Creators: name: Leuzzi, L.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a diluted version of the one dimensional spin-glass model with interactions decaying in probability as an inverse power of the distance. In this model varying the power corresponds to change the dimension in short-range models. The spin-glass phase is studied in and out of the range of validity of the mean-field approximation in order to discriminate between different theories. Since each variable interacts only with a finite number of others the cost for simulating the model is drastically reduced with respect to the fully connected version and larger sizes can be studied. We find both static and dynamic evidence in favor of the so-called replica symmetry breaking theory.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
BIODIESEL AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR PETROLEUM DIESEL IN A STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Tareen, Irfan Y.
name: Wetzstein, Michael E.
name: Duffield, James A.
name: Tareen, Irfan Y.
name: Wetzstein, Michael E.
name: Duffield, James A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: option pricing
subject: production
subject: renewable fuels
subject: technology adoption under uncertainty

description: The objective of the research presented in this paper is the development of a stochastic adoption threshold. The option pricing approach for modeling investment under uncertainty is extended for the case of comparing two stochastic input prices associated with inputs that are perfect substitutes in a production process. Based on this methodology, a threshold decision rule influenced by the drift and volatility of these two input prices is developed. Theoretical results established an empirical link for measuring the tradeoff of a relatively more expensive input (biodiesel) with lower price drift and volatility compared with a lower but more volatile priced input (petroleum diesel).
Emissions and engine performance of an ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel in a utility DI diesel engine
Creators: name: Kim, Namsu
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Diesel fuels--Texas
subject: Diesel motor exhaust gas--Texas
subject: Diesel motor--Testing

description: Diesel fuel with an ultra-low sulfur content will soon displace the high sulfur fuel that has been used for a long time. The purpose of this research was to evaluate how ultra-low sulfur diesel (Texas Low Emission Diesel, TxLED) fuel effects on engine performance and emissions. Hence, TxLED was compared to use of conventional 2D on-road diesel in a one cylinder diesel engine. Small diesel engines such as this are used for a variety of applications by the Texas Department of Transportation. According to the results of these experiments, TxLED provide about 12 % reduction in fuel consumption and emissions benefits of about 30-33 % for NOx, about 21-23 % for PM, about 13~25 % for HC, and about 47~66 % for CO depending upon the test cycle. Also at most test points, the maximum torque with TxLED is higher than with 2D. As a result, it is concluded that use of TxLED in small utility diesel engines provides a benefit in emissions, fuel consumption, and performance
Quantum Hall physics in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Viefers, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The close theoretical analogy between the physics of rapidly rotating atomic Bose condensates and the quantum Hall effect (i.e., a two dimensional electron gas in a strong magnetic field) was first pointed out ten years ago. As a consequence of this analogy, a large number of strongly correlated quantum Hall-type states have been predicted to occur in rotating Bose systems, and suggestions have been made how to manipulate and observe their fractional quasiparticle excitations. Due to a very rapid development in experimental techniques over the past years, experiments on BEC now appear to be close to reaching the quantum Hall regime. This paper reviews the theoretical and experimental work done to date in exploring quantum Hall physics in cold bosonic gases. Future perspectives are discussed briefly, in particular the idea of exploiting some of these strongly correlated states in the context of topological quantum computing.
description: Topical review; to appear in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 28 pages, 6 figures
Pomo Ling Verbs -essives &c. C & N Pomo. July and Aug. 1907
Creators: name: Barrett, S.A.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: poo
subject: Central Pomo language
subject: pej
subject: Northern Pomo language
subject: peq
subject: Southern Pomo language

description: Original survey notes on Pomo verb morphology. Loose notebook pages, in pencil and ink.
CONSUMER DEMAND FOR MANDATORY LABELING OF BEEF FROM CATTLE ADMINISTERED GROWTH HORMONES OR FED GENETICALLY MODIFIED CORN
Creators: name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Fox, John A.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Fox, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: beef
subject: contingent valuation
subject: genetically modified foods
subject: growth hormones
subject: mandatory labeling

description: This study estimates the value of policies that would mandate labeling of beef from cattle produced with growth hormones or fed genetically modified corn. At no cost, 85 percent of resondents desired mandatory labeling of beef produced with growth hormones and 64 percent of respondents preferred mandatory labeling of beef fed genetically modified corn. Estimates suggest that consumers would be willing to pay 17.0 percent and 10.6 percent higher prices for beef on average to obtain information provided via mandatory labeling about whether the beef is from cattle produced with growth hormones or fed genetically modified corn, respectively.
Viscous-like forces control the impact response of shear-thickening dense suspensions
Creators: name: Brassard, Marc-Andre
name: Causley, Neil
name: Krizou, Nasser
name: Dijksman, Joshua A.
name: Clark, Abram H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally and theoretically study impacts into dense cornstarch and water suspensions. We vary impact speed as well as intruder size, shape, and mass, and we characterize the resulting dynamics using high-speed video and an onboard accelerometer. We numerically solve previously proposed models, most notably the added-mass model as well as a class of {viscous-like} models. In the {viscous-like models}, the intruder dynamics are dominated by {large, viscous-like forces} at the boundary of the jammed front {where large shear rates and accompanying large viscosities are present.} We find that our experimental data are consistent with this class of models and inconsistent with the added mass model. Our results strongly suggest that the added-mass model, which is the dominant model for understanding the dynamics of impact into shear-thickening dense suspensions, should be updated to include these viscous-like forces.
Refined draft guidelines based on  indicators identified in Activity 2 and feedback of its application on field in 10 broiler chickens farms.
Creators: name: EURCAW-Poultry-SFA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: broiler
welfare
Classyfarm
indicators
inspections

description: With the aim of testing the Classyfarm checklist on broilers, ten farm visits were conducted. These have been carried out, always by the same two people,  between July and November 2023.
A closer look at the $pp$-chain reaction in the Sun: Constraining the coupling of light mediators to protons
Creators: name: Suliga, Anna M.
name: Shalgar, Shashank
name: Fuller, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $pp$-chain of nuclear reactions is the primary route for energy production in the Sun. The first step in that reaction sequence converts two protons to a deuterium nucleus with the emission of a positron and electron neutrino. This reaction is extremely slow because it is a weak interaction, and significantly, it involves quantum tunneling through the Coulomb barrier. Though the reaction rate can be calculated with high confidence in the Standard Model, it has not been measured at solar energies. If there exist interactions that are engendered by non-standard mediators then the rate of this reaction in the Sun could be altered. We probe such non-standard interactions by comparing calculations of solar evolution to the current solar system age in the presence and absence of the non-standard mediators. These reveal ranges of non-standard mediator mass and couplings that are inconsistent with measured properties of the Sun, including solar neutrino results. Our constraints on these non-standard parameters, in many cases overlapping those derived via other considerations, could be extended further with better confidence in the value of the metalicity of the Sun and the solar neutrino CNO flux. Intriguingly, our work reveals a degeneracy between the solar metalicity and the presence of the invoked non-standard mediators.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures. Extended discussion on the changes in the Coulomb barriers in other nuclear reactions in the Sun. Matches version accepted in JCAP
Quantum field theory and its symmetry reduction
Creators: name: Engle, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between symmetry reduction before and after quantization of a field theory is discussed using a toy model: the axisymmetric Klein-Gordon field. We consider three possible notions of symmetry at the quantum level: invariance under the group action, and two notions derived from imposing symmetry as a system of constraints a la Dirac, reformulated as a first class system. One of the latter two turns out to be the most appropriate notion of symmetry in the sense that it satisfies a number of physical criteria, including the commutativity of quantization and symmetry reduction. Somewhat surprisingly, the requirement of invariance under the symmetry group action is not appropriate for this purpose. A generalization of the physically selected notion of symmetry to loop quantum gravity is presented and briefly discussed.
description: 38 pages; minor clarifications added, typos corrected, contact with Klauder's `universal procedure' for imposing constraints incorporated, and discussion of application to LQG elaborated a bit; minor clarifications added, minor phraseology changes, and 8 bibliographic entries corrected/updated
THE SENSITIVITY OF CALORIE-INCOME DEMAND ELASTICITY TO PRICE CHANGES: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Creators: name: Skoufias, Emmanuel
name: Skoufias, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The calorie-income demand elasticity is an important parameter in the development literature and in the policy arena. Yet, there is very little evidence on the extent to which it can be considered as an unchanging parameter or a time-shifting parameter that, for example, changes with the economic conditions faced by households. In this paper I use data from the 1996 and 1999 National Socio-Economic Surveys (SUSENAS) in Indonesia to examine whether the relationship between income changes and caloric availability has changed and if so, how. Using the same questionnaire, the SUSENAS surveys collect detailed information on more than 200 different food items consumed over the last seven days by 60,000 households at the same point in each survey year. I use nonparametric as well as regression methods to examine two important relationships: (1) between income and total calories, and (2) between income and calories from cereals and other foods (excluding cereals and root crops). The empirical analysis finds that the income elasticity of the demand for total calories is slightly higher in February 1999 (the crisis year with dramatically different relative prices) compared to its level in February 1996. Also, the calorie-income elasticity for cereals as a group increases while the calorie-income elasticity for other food items decreases. The latter finding is interpreted as consistent with the presence of a binding subsistence constraint.
ARE WOMEN OVERREPRESENTED AMONG THE POOR? AN ANALYSIS OF POVERTY IN TEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: Haddad, Lawrence James
name: Pena, Christine
name: Quisumbing, Agnes R.
name: Haddad, Lawrence James
name: Pena, Christine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper presents new evidence on the proportion of women in poverty in ten developing countries. It compares poverty measures for males and females and male- and female-headed households, and investigates the sensitivity of these measures to the use of per-capita and per-adult equivalent units and different definitions of the poverty line. While poverty measures are higher for female-headed households and for females, the differences are significant in only a fifth to a third of the datasets. Due to their low population share, the contribution of female-headed households to aggregate poverty is less than that of females. Stochastic dominance analysis reveals that differences between male- and female-headed households, and between males and females, are often insignificant, except for Ghana and Bangladesh, where females are consistently worse off. These results suggest that cultural and institutional factors may be responsible for higher poverty among women in these countries. Our results point to the need to analyze determinants of household income and consumption, using multivariate methods and to give greater attention to the processes underlying female headship.
Absolute continuity of the spectrum for periodically modulated leaky wires in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: Exner, Pavel
name: Frank, Rupert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35P25, 81V99

description: We consider a model of leaky quantum wire in three dimensions. The Hamiltonian is a singular perturbation of the Laplacian supported by a line with the coupling which is bounded and periodically modulated along the line. We demonstrate that such a system has a purely absolutely continuous spectrum and its negative part has band structure with an at most finite number of gaps. This result is extended also to the situation when there is an infinite number of the lines supporting the perturbations arranged periodically in one direction.
description: AMSTeX, 22 pages
THE DETERMINANTS OF EMPLOYMENT STATUS IN EGYPT
Creators: name: Assaad, Ragu
name: El-Hamidi, Fatma
name: Ahmed, Akhter U.
name: Assaad, Ragu
name: El-Hamidi, Fatma
name: Ahmed, Akhter U.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Egyptian labor market is moving from a period of high overall unemployment to one where unemployment is increasingly concentrated among specific groups whose access to the private-sector labor market is limited. Educated young women are more adversely affected than their male counterparts by the transition to a private-sector-led economy. There is no systematic link between youth unemployment among new entrants and poverty unless it is the head of the household who is unemployed. An economic policy environment that is favorable for labor-intensive, export-oriented industries would help absorb the new entrants into the labor market, and the prospect is particularly good for young female workers. Policymakers should consider a reduction in the female-specific employer mandates (such as the existing provision for a generous maternity leave) that raise the cost of hiring women.
Perturbative Analysis of Universality and Individuality in Gravitational Waves from Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Tsui, L. K.
name: Leung, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The universality observed in gravitational wave spectra of non-rotating neutron stars is analyzed here. We show that the universality in the axial oscillation mode can be reproduced with a simple stellar model, namely the centrifugal barrier approximation (CBA), which captures the essence of the Tolman VII model of compact stars. Through the establishment of scaled co-ordinate logarithmic perturbation theory (SCLPT), we are able to explain and quantitatively predict such universal behavior. In addition, quasi-normal modes of individual neutron stars characterized by different equations of state can be obtained from those of CBA with SCLPT.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Astrophysical Journal
WHY IS CHILD MALNUTRITION LOWER IN URBAN THAN RURAL AREAS? EVIDENCE FROM 36 DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Smith, Lisa C.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Ndiaye, Aida
name: Smith, Lisa C.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Ndiaye, Aida
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: While ample evidence documents that urban children generally have better nutritional status than their rural counterparts, recent research suggests that urban malnutrition is on the rise. The environment, choices, and opportunities of urbanites differ greatly from those of rural dwellers--from employment conditions to social and family networks to access to health care and other services. Given these differences, understanding the relative importance of the various determinants of child malnutrition in urban and rural areas--and especially whether they differ--is key to designing context-relevant, effective program and policy responses for stemming malnutrition. This study uses Demographic and Health Survey data from 36 developing countries to address the question of whether the socioeconomic determinants of child nutritional status differ across urban and rural areas. The purpose is to answer the broader question of why child malnutrition rates are lower in urban areas. The socioeconomic determinants examined are women's education, women's status, access to safe water and sanitation, and household economic status. The analysis finds little evidence of differences in the nature of the socioeconomic determinants or in the strength of their associations with child nutritional status across urban and rural areas. As expected, however, it documents marked differences in the levels of these determinants in favor of urban areas. Large gaps in favor of urban areas are also found in the levels of key proximate determinants of child nutritional status, especially maternal prenatal and birthing care, quality of complementary feeding, and immunization of children. The conclusion is that better nutritional status of urban children is probably due to the cumulative effect of a series of more favorable socioeconomic conditions, which, in turn, seems to lead to better caring practices for children and their mothers. Given that the nature of the determinants of child nutritional status is largely the same across urban and rural areas, the same program and policy framework can be used to stem malnutrition in both. Efforts to alleviate the most critical socioeconomic constraints specific to the different environments should continue to be prioritized.
[Chart showing lexical borrowing in Pomo]
Creators: name: Barrett, S.A.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: poo
subject: Central Pomo language
subject: pej
subject: Northern Pomo language
subject: peq
subject: Southern Pomo language

description: 2 note cards (attached to each other) with note "Borrowing--Lexical".
STUNTED CHILD - OVERWEIGHT MOTHER PAIRS: AN EMERGING POLICY CONCERN?
Creators: name: Garrett, James L.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
name: Garrett, James L.
name: Ruel, Marie T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Health Economics and Policy

description: Objective: This paper explores the global prevalence of an emerging phenomenon-the coexistence of a stunted child and an overweight mother in the same household. It also tests whether this phenomenon is associated with a country's level of economic development and urbanization. Policy directions for public nutrition are highlighted. Design: Data from 36 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were used (23 in Africa, 8 in Latin America, and 5 in Asia). Stunting was defined as height-for-age < - 2 SD of the reference population and maternal overweight as a body mass index (BMI) of > 25 kg/m2. World Bank and United Nations figures were used for GNP per capita (our indicator of economic development) and for level of urbanization, respectively. Descriptive statistics were derived, and regression analysis was used to model the association between economic development, urbanization, and the prevalence of stunted children and overweight women (SCOWT). Results and conclusions: The prevalence of SCOWT is generally below 10 percent, except in four countries, of which three are in Latin America. Among our sample of countries, SCOWT is generally more prevalent in Latin America than in Africa, and is below 5 percent in all five Asian countries. Contrary to our expectations, SCOWT is not necessarily more prevalent in urban than rural areas. In fact, when economic development is controlled for, SCOWT is associated with urbanization only in Latin America. In Africa and Asia, SCOWT is associated with economic development, but not urbanization, which suggests that SCOWT may emerge only at levels of economic development and urbanization higher than currently seen in most of the Asian and African countries studied. The concrete recognition of the SCOWT phenomenon is an important step to delineating more effective and integrated strategies to address problems of over- and undernutrition and dietary quality within countries, regions, and households. This gives special importance to designing programs and policies that will address the food and nutrition needs of each individual, rather than assuming that those needs are addressed by targeting programs or policies to the household as a whole.
Large-Scale Self-Consistent Nuclear Mass Calculations
Creators: name: Stoitsov, M. V.
name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
name: Borycki, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The program of systematic large-scale self-consistent nuclear mass calculations that is based on the nuclear density functional theory represents a rich scientific agenda that is closely aligned with the main research directions in modern nuclear structure and astrophysics, especially the radioactive nuclear beam physics. The quest for the microscopic understanding of the phenomenon of nuclear binding represents, in fact, a number of fundamental and crucial questions of the quantum many-body problem, including the proper treatment of correlations and dynamics in the presence of symmetry breaking. Recent advances and open problems in the field of nuclear mass calculations are presented and discussed.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, submitted to International Journal of Mass Spectrometry
Margull, Hans Jochen / Freytag, Justus (Hrsg.), Keine Einbahnstraßen
Creators: name: Schnellbach, Jörg
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 4 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 4
Q-balls constructed of spinors in Lagrangians with SU(2) symmetry
Creators: name: Prikas, Athanasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we investigate the existence and stability properties of q-balls which consist of a couple of scalar fields, forming an SU(2) doublet in a Lagrangian with a global SU(2) symmetry. We find that these spinors can form a localized and stable field configuration, if they rotate in their internal SU(2) space. We find the energy and charge of the soliton in both thin and thick-wall approximation and we prove its stability against decaying to free particles. We also find the asymptotic forms of the scalar and gauge field and the energy and charge of the configuration when the SU(2) symmetry is local. The only assumption is the smallness of the coupling constant $g$. Using numerical methods we prove the stability of the q-ball in the local case.
description: 18 pages, to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
AN OPERATIONAL TOOL FOR EVALUATING POVERTY OUTREACH OF DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PROJECTS
Creators: name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Sharma, Manohar P.
name: Henry, Carla
name: Lapenu, Cecile
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Sharma, Manohar P.
name: Henry, Carla
name: Lapenu, Cecile
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Development institutions and projects frequently seek to target poorer segments of the population. Yet, existing methods for evaluating their outreach are generally unsuited to most operational settings, since they are either too costly and cumbersome (e.g., detailed income or household surveys), or they produce results that are not comparable between villages or regions within a country (e.g., participatory poverty appraisals). This paper presents a new and operationally suitable method to measure the poverty of clients of development projects in relation to the general population of nonclients. The method was developed in response to demands by donors and development practitioners for a low-cost evaluation instrument that could be used as a regular operational tool for assessing the poverty outreach of a development project or institution. While the method was originally developed for the purpose of assessing the poverty outreach of microfinance institutions (MFIs), we believe the method can be used for any development policy or project that pursues an explicit objective of reaching poorer people. The paper begins by discussing existing methods of poverty assessment. Next, the paper presents heuristic steps for identifying indicators of poverty to be tested in the case studies, including the questionnaire that was field tested in four countries with large differences in poverty-level, socioeconomic, and cultural contexts, and with MFIs that worked either in urban, rural, or mixed areas with different target clientele and financial products. The authors then describe the method of principal component analysis used to construct a poverty score as the measure of relative poverty. The paper concludes with a summary of results from four country case studies (two in Sub-Saharan Africa, one in South Asia, and one in Central America).
VLSI support for scheduling and buffer management in high speed packet-switched networks
Creators: name: Kazemi-Nia, Mehdi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents a number of new approaches for designing fast, scalable queuing structures in VLSI for very high speed packet-switched networks. Such queuing structures are necessary for implementing packet buffers in switches and routers that have multi Gigabit-per-second (Gb/s) ports. The thesis addresses the design of two specific queue architectures: balanced parallel multi-input multi-output (MIMO) buffers, and systolic parallel priority queues (PPQ). A methodology for the systematic design of order-preserving parallel MIMO buffers is presented. The MIMO buffer employs an arithmetic-free systolic routing network and bank of parallel FIFO buffers to yield a load-balanced realization with increased bandwidth. Using this methodology we derived scalable parallel buffer structures that can be designed to match the rate of ultra high-speed links using current memory technology that uses moderate clock rates. A small prototype of the MIMO buffer attains a rate of 10.6 Gb/s which is more than adequate to support a Sonet OC- 192 link. The combined use of pipelined architecture and dynamic CMOS circuits resulted in significant reduction in design complexity and substantial performance gains in speed and area. The thesis also addresses a generalization of the priority queue concept to a systolic parallel priority queue (PPQ) which can be scaled to meet the requirements of ultra high-speed links using standard CMOS technology. The PPQ has several applications in implementing real-time fair schedulers or buffer management algorithms in packet routers. The PPQ maintains prioritized access to the data it contains at all times, and the access time to the data is fixed and independent of the PPQ size, i.e. O(l)-time access. The proposed systolic PPQ is rate-adaptive in the sense that the PPQ operates correctly even when the queue input rate and output rate are different. decoupling of the input and output packet flow rates is a distinguishing feature of the PPQ concept because in practice the output rate of the queue is controlled by the available link bandwidth which may vary (or even become zero) independent of the packet arrival rate.
Spherically Symmetric Quantum Geometry: Hamiltonian Constraint
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Swiderski, Rafal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variables adapted to the quantum dynamics of spherically symmetric models are introduced, which further simplify the spherically symmetric volume operator and allow an explicit computation of all matrix elements of the Euclidean and Lorentzian Hamiltonian constraints. The construction fits completely into the general scheme available in loop quantum gravity for the quantization of the full theory as well as symmetric models. This then presents a further consistency check of the whole scheme in inhomogeneous situations, lending further credence to the physical results obtained so far mainly in homogeneous models. New applications in particular of the spherically symmetric model in the context of black hole physics are discussed.
description: 33 pages
ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK PROVERBS ABOUT LABOUR
Creators: name: Rakhmonova, Aziza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: this thesis is the main content of English and Uzbek paremiology devoted to the analysis of one of the large groups of proverbs. To diligence and laziness related proverbs are taken as an example of two languages, and various semantic features are mutually analyzed.
Possible Nonlinear Completion of Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Hamamoto, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possible nonlinear completion of massive gravity is presented. An additional scalar ghost contained in linear theory condensates to give rise to positive-energy excitations.
description: 8 pages
Algorithmic Frameworks for the Detection of High Density Anomalies
Creators: name: Foorthuis, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3; I.2.6; I.5
subject: 62G07

description: This study explores the concept of high-density anomalies. As opposed to the traditional concept of anomalies as isolated occurrences, high-density anomalies are deviant cases positioned in the most normal regions of the data space. Such anomalies are relevant for various practical use cases, such as misbehavior detection and data quality analysis. Effective methods for identifying them are particularly important when analyzing very large or noisy sets, for which traditional anomaly detection algorithms will return many false positives. In order to be able to identify high-density anomalies, this study introduces several non-parametric algorithmic frameworks for unsupervised detection. These frameworks are able to leverage existing underlying anomaly detection algorithms and offer different solutions for the balancing problem inherent in this detection task. The frameworks are evaluated with both synthetic and real-world datasets, and are compared with existing baseline algorithms for detecting traditional anomalies. The Iterative Partial Push (IPP) framework proves to yield the best detection results.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for presentation at IEEE SSCI CIDM 2020 (Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Data Mining)
Solution of the D-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation with equal scalar and vector ring-shaped pseudoharmonic potential
Creators: name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the exact solution of the Klein-Gordon equation in D-dimensions in the presence of the noncentral equal scalar and vector pseudoharmonic potential plus the new ring-shaped potential using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. We obtain the exact bound-state energy levels and the corresponding eigen functions for a spin-zero particles. We also find that the solution for this noncentral ring-shaped pseudoharmonic potential can be reduced to the three-dimensional pseudoharmonic solution once the coupling constant of the noncentral part of the potential becomes zero.
description: 25 pages
Comment on "Order parameter of A-like 3He phase in aerogel"
Creators: name: Mineev, V. P.
name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the inhomogeneous A-phase in aerogel is energetically more preferable than the "robust" phase suggested by I. A. Fomin, JETP Lett. 77, 240 (2003); cond-mat/0302117 and cond-mat/0401639.
description: 2 pages
Metric Operator in Pseudo-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics and the Imaginary Cubic Potential
Creators: name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic perturbative construction of the most general metric operator (and positive-definite inner product) for quasi-Hermitian Hamiltonians of the standard form, H= p^2/2 + v(x), in one dimension. We show that this problem is equivalent to solving an infinite system of iteratively decoupled hyperbolic partial differential equations in (1+1)-dimensions. For the case that v(x) is purely imaginary, the latter have the form of a nonhomogeneous wave equation which admits an exact solution. We apply our general method to obtain the most general metric operator for the imaginary cubic potential, v(x)=i εx^3. This reveals an infinite class of previously unknown CPT- as well as non-CPT-inner products. We compute the physical observables of the corresponding unitary quantum system and determine the underlying classical system. Our results for the imaginary cubic potential show that, unlike the quantum system, the corresponding classical system is not sensitive to the choice of the metric operator. As another application of our method we give a complete characterization of the pseudo-Hermitian canonical quantization of a free particle moving in real line that is consistent with the usual choice for the quantum Hamiltonian. Finally we discuss subtleties involved with higher dimensions and systems having a fixed length scale.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, slightly revised (published) version
Signal buffering in random networks of spiking neurons: microscopic vs. macroscopic phenomena
Creators: name: Mayor, Julien
name: Gerstner, Wulfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In randomly connected networks of pulse-coupled elements a time-dependent input signal can be buffered over a short time. We studied the signal buffering properties in simulated networks as a function of the networks state, characterized by both the Lyapunov exponent of the microscopic dynamics and the macroscopic activity derived from mean-field theory. If all network elements receive the same signal, signal buffering over delays comparable to the intrinsic time constant of the network elements can be explained by macroscopic properties and works best at the phase transition to chaos. However, if only 20 percent of the network units receive a common time-dependent signal, signal buffering properties improve and can no longer be attributed to the macroscopic dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Spin Calogero models and dynamical r-matrices
Creators: name: Feher, L.
name: Pusztai, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main point of the construction of spin Calogero type classical integrable systems based on dynamical r-matrices, developed by L.-C. Li and P. Xu, is reviewed. It is shown that non-Abelian dynamical r-matrices with variables in a reductive Lie algebra ${\cal F}$ and their Abelian counterparts with variables in a Cartan subalgebra of ${\cal F}$ lead essentially to the same models.
description: Based on talk by L.F. at Symposium QTS-4, Varna (Bulgaria), August 2005; 12 pages, a remark is added and a reference is updated in v2
Density Correlations in Cold Atomic Gases: Atomic Speckles in the Presence of Disorder
Creators: name: Henseler, P.
name: Shapiro, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of random intensity patterns, for waves propagating in the presence of disorder, is well known in optics and in mesoscopic physics. We study this phenomenon for cold atomic gases expanding, by a diffusion process, in a weak random potential. We show that the density-density correlation function of the expanding gas is strongly affected by disorder and we estimate the typical size of a speckle spot, i.e., a region of enhanced or depleted density. Both a Fermi gas and a Bose-Einstein condensate (in a mean field approach) are considered.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
On global existence for the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system in Schwarzschild coordinates
Creators: name: Andreasson, Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system in Schwarzschild coordinates (i.e. polar slicing and areal radial coordinate) is considered. An improved continuation criterion for global existence of classical solutions is given. Two other types of criteria which prevent finite time blow-up are also given.
description: 32 pages, latex
Collision models can efficiently simulate any multipartite Markovian quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Marco
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
name: Zambrini, Roberta
name: Giorgi, Gian Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the multipartite collision model, defined in terms of elementary interactions between subsystems and ancillae, and show that it can simulate the Markovian dynamics of any multipartite open quantum system. We develop a method to estimate an analytical error bound for any repeated interactions model, and we use it to prove that the error of our scheme displays an optimal scaling. Finally, we provide a simple decomposition of the multipartite collision model into elementary quantum gates, and show that it is efficiently simulable on a quantum computer according to the dissipative quantum Church-Turing theorem, i.e. it requires a polynomial number of resources.
description: Accepted version
Hidden Forces and Fluctuations from Moving Averages: A Test Study
Creators: name: Alfi, V.
name: Coccetti, F.
name: Marotta, M.
name: Pietronero, L.
name: Takayasu, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The possibility that price dynamics is affected by its distance from a moving average has been recently introduced as new statistical tool. The purpose is to identify the tendency of the price dynamics to be attractive or repulsive with respect to its own moving average. We consider a number of tests for various models which clarify the advantages and limitations of this new approach. The analysis leads to the identification of an effective potential with respect to the moving average. Its specific implementation requires a detailed consideration of various effects which can alter the statistical methods used. However, the study of various model systems shows that this approach is indeed suitable to detect hidden forces in the market which go beyond usual correlations and volatility clustering.
description: 6 pages, 13 figures
Freshwater: Towards a Better Understanding of a Wicked Problem
Creators: name: Sanya, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330404
subject: Land use and environmental planning
classificationCode: 330405
subject: Public participation and community engagement
classificationCode: 330411
subject: Urban design
classificationCode: 330314
subject: Sustainable design
classificationCode: 330109
subject: Landscape architecture
classificationCode: 330110
subject: Sustainable architecture
classificationCode: 370705
subject: Urban hydrology
classificationCode: 410103
subject: Human impacts of climate change and human adaptation
classificationCode: 410102
subject: Ecological impacts of climate change and ecological adaptation
classificationCode: 410203
subject: Ecosystem function
classificationCode: 410206
subject: Landscape ecology

description: Water begets intricate and profound linkages between multiple systems. Quantitative limits to freshwater availability for human needs, variabilities in the water cycle and environmental water requirements interact with water source pollution. The arising tensions are a great challenge of immense contemporary significance that can best be described as a wicked problem –a problem with multiple dimensions that presents unexpected consequences when engaged. Water challenges make vivid the compromises that must be made between the environment and development. These compromises surface in the conflict between ecocentric and technocentric discourse. Globally, there is evidence of numerous disciplinary and interdisciplinary water-related studies both in the past and ongoing. But there is no meta-mapping of various dimensions of such research to give a clear overview of what has been and what needs to be done. Consequences of this oversight may include unnecessary duplication of research, difficulty in articulating knowledge gaps and inability to see beyond disciplinary boundaries. The author suggests an outline of how these difficulties can be engaged. This is done through a wide-ranging literature review to identify a range of issues of focus, which issues are then themed into imperatives for water research. These imperatives are subsequently systematised using four normative descriptors: problem, drivers and mitigation measures. In combination, these descriptors articulate a spectrum of the key issues around water research. The key issues are mapped onto various academic disciplines and societal partners to outline a schema for positioning of water research. The proposed mapping can facilitate interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary (IDTD) research by allowing researchers to benefit from relevant existing bodies of knowledge while also making explicit knowledge gaps and opportunities for collaboration. By locating academic fields within different worldviews, the outlined schema reveals common ground beyond disciplinary confines around which IDTD research can be instigated.