cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How to Make Farming and Agricultural Extension More Nutrition-Sensitive: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Kenya
Creators: name: Ogutu, S.
name: Fongar, A.
name: Godecke, T.
name: Jackering, L.
name: Mwololo, H.
name: Njuguna, M.
name: Wollni, M.
name: Qaim, M.
name: Ogutu, S.
name: Fongar, A.
name: Godecke, T.
name: Jackering, L.
name: Mwololo, H.
name: Njuguna, M.
name: Wollni, M.
name: Qaim, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: We analyze how agricultural extension can be made more effective in terms of increasing smallholder farmers adoption of pro-nutrition technologies, such as biofortified crops. In a randomized controlled trial with farmers in Western Kenya, we implemented several extension treatments and evaluated their effects on the adoption of beans that were biofortified with iron and zinc. Difference-in-difference estimates show that intensive agricultural training tailored to local conditions can increase technology adoption considerably. Within less than one year, adoption of biofortified beans increased from almost zero to more than 20%. Providing additional nutrition training further increased adoption by another 10-12 percentage points, as this has helped farmers to better appreciate the technology s nutritional benefits. These results suggest that effective nutrition training through agricultural extension services is possible. Providing marketing training did not lead to additional adoption effects, although the study period may have been too short to measure these effects properly. This study is a first attempt to analyze how improved designs of agricultural extension can help to make smallholder farming more nutrition-sensitive. More research in this direction is needed. Key words: agricultural extension, technology adoption, biofortification, nutrition-sensitive agriculture, Kenya JEL codes: C93, O33, Q12, Q16, Q18 Acknowledgement : This research was financially supported by the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) based on a decision of the Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany (grant number 2813FSNu01). The authors thank Jonathan Nzuma (University of Nairobi) for his research cooperation.
Efficient Strategies for Reducing Sampling Error in Quantum Krylov Subspace Diagonalization
Creators: name: Lee, Gwonhak
name: Choi, Seonghoon
name: Huh, Joonsuk
name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the realm of early fault-tolerant quantum computing (EFTQC), quantum Krylov subspace diagonalization (QKSD) has emerged as a promising quantum algorithm for the approximate Hamiltonian diagonalization via projection onto the quantum Krylov subspace. However, the algorithm often requires solving an ill-conditioned generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) involving erroneous matrix pairs, which can significantly distort the solution. Since EFTQC assumes limited-scale error correction, finite sampling error becomes a dominant source of error in these matrices. This work focuses on quantifying sampling errors during the measurement of matrix element in the projected Hamiltonian examining two measurement approaches based on the Hamiltonian decompositions: the linear combination of unitaries and diagonalizable fragments. To reduce sampling error within a fixed budget of quantum circuit repetitions, we propose two measurement strategies: the shifting technique and coefficient splitting. The shifting technique eliminates redundant Hamiltonian components that annihilate either the bra or ket states, while coefficient splitting optimizes the measurement of common terms across different circuits. Numerical experiments with electronic structures of small molecules demonstrate the effectiveness of these strategies, reducing sampling costs by a factor of 20-500.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Extension of effective lagrangian approach to structure of selected nucle i far from stability
Creators: name: Huertas, Marco A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, the convergence of a new effective field theory and density functional theory (EFT/DFT) approach to the description of the nuclear many-body system was studied. The most sophisticated parameter set (here G1) determined by Furnstahl, Serot and Tang from a fit along the valley of stability was found to provide quantitative predictions for total binding energies and single-particle and single-hole binding energies, spins, and parities for selected doubly-magic nuclei far from stability. Binding energies of all the even Sn isotopes (Z=50) were also well described. Here the calculations are extended to all isotones with magic numbers N=28, 50, 82, 126, and isotopes with Z=28, 50, 82 with similar predictive results.
description: 11 pages, two column, 16 figures
title: The Role Of Perceived Stress And Personality In Symptom Experience Of Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Creators: name: Sadler, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: Two studies were performed with participants suffering from one of two inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s Disease or Ulcerative Colitis). One of the main thrusts of the research was to compare two theoretical models of the stress and illness relationship (namely the Transactional model and the negative affectivity/latent variable model). The first study, a cross-sectional design was intended to elucidate some of the demographic, personological, and behavioural factors involved in experience of disease activity. Disease differences and gender differences are also discussed. Personological, behavioural, and medical factors were used to attempt to predict disease experience outcome - perceived stress, neuroticism, and perceived disease severity being notable successes in predicting disease experience outcome over and above clinical predictors used. The second study, a pilot of a longitudinal study, investigated the temporal relationship between these psychological factors and the daily course of the disease over a 28-day period. The results from both studies support the theory of a link between perceived stress and disease activity experience. The results from both studies are also used to attempt to evaluate two models of stress and illness (Transactional and latent variable). The success of this support for either theory is limited and is discussed in detail. Both studies do, however, show the importance of considering psychological factors in these disease populations.
Modeling student success: A longitudinal study of Black students and White students
Creators: name: Lanni, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Community Colleges are enrolling an increasingly diverse student population, representing more minority group members and students with English as a second language. One minority group, American Black students, are disproportionally enrolled in community colleges and yet do not succeed at nearly the rates of groups of students. This study was designed to identify factors that are associated with student success and to use this information to predict which students are most likely to be at-risk students, that is are least likely to succeed. In keeping with this objective, American Black students' and American White students' progress and degree of success were assessed at a large East Coast community college. In the aggregate, the background of Black students was often disadvantaged, compared to White students, with lower family incomes, less parental education, and less college preparedness. In college, Black students collectively attended more frequently on a part-time basis, less frequently entered with college-level English or math skills, and more often had need of financial assistance than did White students. Black students succeeded at each of three levels of success, as defined within this study, less frequently than did White students. However, controlling for family educational levels, statistically significant differences between the performance of Black students and White students at Levels I and II were negated. An iterative chi-squared technique (CHAID) was used to identify potential independent variables to be used in constructing a predictive model. Logistic regression techniques were utilized to identify students that were most likely to be non-successful. Intervention strategies were recommended to improve the success rates of these students. The research methodology employed in this study may be custom fitted to other educational institutions to provide administrators and decision-makers with a sophisticated methodology that is both fairly inexpensive and yet is capable of identifying potentially at-risk students. Future research is needed to establish more refined measures of success and to further develop and generalize the methodological approach developed in this study.
Pentaquark components in low-lying baryon resonances
Creators: name: Xu, Kai
name: Kaewsnod, Attaphon
name: Zhao, Zheng
name: Liu, Xuyang
name: Srisuphaphon, Sorakrai
name: Limphirat, Ayut
name: Yan, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study pentaquark states of both light $q^4\bar q$ and hidden heavy $q^3 Q\bar Q$ (q = u,d,s quark in SU(3) flavor symmetry; Q = c, b quark) systems with a general group theory approach in the constituent quark model, and the spectrum of light baryon resonances in the ansatz that the $l=1$ baryon states may consist of the $q^3$ as well as $q^4\bar q$ pentaquark component. The model is fitted to ground state baryons and light baryon resonances which are believed to be normal three-quark states. The work reveals that the $N(1535)1/2^{-}$ and $N(1520)3/2^-$ may consist of a large $q^4\bar q$ component while the $N(1895)1/2^{-}$ and $N(1875)3/2^-$ are respectively their partners, and the $N^+(1685)$ might be a $q^4\bar q$ state. By the way, a new set of color-spin-flavor-spatial wave function for $q^3 Q\bar Q$ systems in the compact pentaquark picture are constructed systematically for studying hidden charm pentaquark states.
description: 9 pages, 14 tables
Abelmoschus longifolius Wall.
Creators: name: Turner, I. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales
Malvaceae
Abelmoschus
Abelmoschus longifolius

description: Abelmoschus longifolius (Willd.) Wall.
 Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (1794: 617). Hibiscus esculentus Linnaeus (1753: 696). Lectotype (designated by van Borssum Waalkes 1966): Herb. Linn. 875.31 (LINN).
 Hibiscus longifolius Willdenow (1800: 827). Abelmoschus longifolius (Willd.) Wall. in O’Shaughnessy (1841: 215). Holotype: INDIA. Klein s.n. (B, fide van Borssum Waalkes (1966)).
 Willdenow (1800) described Hibiscus longifolius from Indian material. This species has generally been considered a synonym of the okra or lady’s fingers plant, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. In The Bengal Dispensatory the combination Abelmoschus longifolius appears, attributed to Wallich. This is a much earlier publication of the name than given in IPNI.
description: Published as part of Turner, I. M., 2011, The contribution of Sir William Brooke O'Shaughnessy (1809 - 1889) to plant taxonomy, pp. 57-63 in Phytotaxa 15 on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.15.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4907562
Search for optimum labeling schemes in qubit systems for Quantum Information processing by NMR
Creators: name: Das, Ranabir
name: Chakraborty, Sukhendu
name: Rukmani, K.
name: Kumar, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal labeling schemes lead to efficient experimental protocols for quantum information processing by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). A systematic approach of finding optimal labeling schemes for a given computation is described here. The scheme is described for both quadrupolar systems and spin-1/2 systems. Finally, one of the optimal labeling scheme has been used to experimentally implement a quantum full-adder in a 4-qubit system by NMR, using the technique of transition selective pulses.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Thoracophelia Ehlers 1897
Creators: name: Lee, Ha-Eun
name: Lee, Geon Hyeok
name: Min, Gi-Sik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Opheliidae
Thoracophelia

description: Thoracophelia Ehlers, 1897
New Korean generic name
Keun-yo-jeong-get-ji-reong-yi (큰요정갯지렁이속)
description: Published as part of Lee, Ha-Eun, Lee, Geon Hyeok & Min, Gi-Sik, 2024, A new species of Thoracophelia (Annelida, Opheliidae) from the Yellow Sea of South Korea, pp. e 129526 in Biodiversity Data Journal 12 on page e129526, DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e129526
The dimensions of rurality: Implications for classifying inhabitants as 'rural', implications for rural policy and implications for rural indicators
Creators: name: Bollman, Ray D.
name: Reimer, Bill
name: Bollman, Ray D.
name: Reimer, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Abstract Discussions on the meaning of rurality continue. The FAO is pursuing an international definition of rural (Offut, 2016) and the USDA/ERS has recently reviewed its rural definition (National Academies, 2016). Our objective is to discuss the dimensions of rurality in order to discuss: The classification of individuals as rural ; The implications for rural policy; and The implications for rural indicators. Rurality is a spatial concept. The key dimensions of rurality are the density and the distance-to-density of the localities of individuals, enterprises, or institutions. Thus, the dimensions of density and distance-to-density define rurality . Many characteristics of rural actors are correlated with rurality. However, these characteristics do not define rurality. The meaning of rural policy follows from the two dimensions of rurality -- the consideration of the two rurality dimensions of any policy would constitute rural policy. The preparation of statistical tabulations and the desire to target public policy requires the determination of the spatial grid (i.e. the boundaries of each locality) and the thresholds for density, and for distance-to-density in order to classify localities. These thresholds do not define rurality . The choice of the threshold simply classifies actors along the continuum of density and distance-to-density. Acknowledgement :
Chemical derivatization for the enhancement of sensitivity in electron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Simpson, John Thomas
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The sensitivity enhancement which can be achieved by the use of electron capture negative ion chemical ionization (ECNICI) in mass spectrometry (MS) is well documented. While some halogenated or highly conjugated molecules have inherent electron affinity, most compounds must first be derivatized to impart the ability to capture electrons. The two primary goals of this work were (1) develop suitable reagents for alcohols which produce structure specific anions in ECNICI/MS and (2) if possible, carry out the derivatization of biologically relevant compounds directly in biological fluids. With these two main objectives in mind, several novel reagents were synthesized and their reactivity and mass spectral properties studied. The reagents included pentafluorophenyl boronic acid (FPBA), anthraquinone-2-carbonyl chloride (ACCl), and pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate (PFBCF). Studies of electrophillic isocyanates were also conducted. Pentafluorophenyl boronic acid exhibited excellent reactivity, specificity and the derivatives had good chromatographic properties. Unfortunately, the ECNICI signal enhancement of the derivatives was not sufficient and the equilibrium of the derivatization did not allow for quantitation at the pg to fg level. Anthraquinone-2-carbonyl chloride (ACCl) was synthesized and used for the derivatization of alcohols with subsequent analysis by particle beam LC/MS. ACCl proved to be a useful reagent, where good transport properties of the derivatives, combined with the electron affinity of the anthraquinone, allowed for detection limits in the low pg. The use of pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate for the derivatization of alcohols, amines and carboxylic acids was investigated. Aqueous PFBCF derivatization was applied to amino acid standards, whole blood, plasma and protein hydrolysates. The ECNICI mass spectra of the derivatives are dominated by the (M-181) $\sp-$ ion and the derivatization is accomplished in seconds, in one step at room temperature. Detection limits are in the low femtomole range. PFBCF derivatization of alcohols, under anhydrous conditions, resulted in carbonate esters which yielded molar responses 2-6 times larger than those of the analogous pentafluorobenzoate esters. Finally, the addition of a Hewlett-Packard particle beam LC/MS interface to a Finnigan TSQ-70 mass spectrometer is described. The optimization of particle path and analyte ionization is reported.
title: The influence of the deletion and overexpression of APP in transgenic mice on the morphology of the dentate gyrus.
Creators: name: Kendal, Claire
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that has many pathological features including; plaques and tangle formation and neuronal and synaptic loss. Deposits of ß-amyloid protein are found in the center of plaques. Its precursor is known as amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is believed to play a role in such diverse activities as cell adhesion and memory formation.

 This thesis has investigated the effect of both the deletion and overexpression of APP on the morphology of the hippocampus, in particular the dentate gyrus, in transgenic mice using unbiased stereological methods, at both the light and electron microscope level (1) Increases in synapse density and contrastingly decreases in apposition mean area were seen in APP knockout mice at 10/12 months when compared with age matched wild-type (wt) mice controls. A longitudinal study was carried out in APP overexpressing mice (Tas 10 mice) at ages 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. (2) Features of degeneration could be seen in the Tas 10 mice as young as six months but deposits of Aß and plaques were not seen by electron microscopy until the 18 and 24 month time points. (3) Decreased numbers of neurons were seen in Tas 10 in all age groups when compared with wt mice. (4) An increase in the number of synapses per neuron and a decrease in apposition zone mean size was seen in the middle molecular layer at 12 months (compared with wt mice) which then fell at 18 months and was then seen to decrease further by 24 months.

 Results from experiments on knockout mice endorse roles for APP in development and synaptogenesis although they support the idea that an overlap of function between APP and its family of proteins occurs. The results from the series of experiments on the Tas 10 mice strongly suggest the importance of APP in the development of certain features of AD and highlight this as a good model to study diseases associated with amyloidosis.
Averaging For Solitons With Nonlinearity Management
Creators: name: Pelinovsky, D. E.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an averaging method for solitons of the nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation with periodically varying nonlinearity coefficient. This method is used to effectively describe solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates, in the context of the recently proposed and experimentally realizable technique of Feshbach resonance management. Using the derived local averaged equation, we study matter-wave bright and dark solitons and demonstrate a very good agreement between solutions of the averaged and full equations.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, in press
Initial conditions for plateau inflation: a case study
Creators: name: Tenkanen, Tommi
name: Tomberg, Eemeli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study initial conditions for inflation in scenarios where the inflaton potential has a plateau shape. Such models are those most favored by Planck data and can be obtained in a large number of model classes. As a representative example, we consider Higgs inflation with and without an $R^2$ term in the context of Palatini gravity. We show that inflation with a large number of e-folds generically occurs in a large part of the parameter space without any fine-tuning of parameters even when the scale of inflation and the inflaton field value during inflation are much smaller than the Planck scale. We discuss consequences for detection of primordial gravitational waves and spectral tilt of curvature perturbations, as well as the recently proposed "Trans-Planckian Censorship" conjecture.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. v2: A slight change of title, discussion and references added. Matches the version published in JCAP
Chemical derivatization for the enhancement of sensitivity in electron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Simpson, John Thomas
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3401
subject: Analytical chemistry

description: The sensitivity enhancement which can be achieved by the use of electron capture negative ion chemical ionization (ECNICI) in mass spectrometry (MS) is well documented. While some halogenated or highly conjugated molecules have inherent electron affinity, most compounds must first be derivatized to impart the ability to capture electrons. The two primary goals of this work were (1) develop suitable reagents for alcohols which produce structure specific anions in ECNICI/MS and (2) if possible, carry out the derivatization of biologically relevant compounds directly in biological fluids. With these two main objectives in mind, several novel reagents were synthesized and their reactivity and mass spectral properties studied. The reagents included pentafluorophenyl boronic acid (FPBA), anthraquinone-2-carbonyl chloride (ACCl), and pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate (PFBCF). Studies of electrophillic isocyanates were also conducted. Pentafluorophenyl boronic acid exhibited excellent reactivity, specificity and the derivatives had good chromatographic properties. Unfortunately, the ECNICI signal enhancement of the derivatives was not sufficient and the equilibrium of the derivatization did not allow for quantitation at the pg to fg level. Anthraquinone-2-carbonyl chloride (ACCl) was synthesized and used for the derivatization of alcohols with subsequent analysis by particle beam LC/MS. ACCl proved to be a useful reagent, where good transport properties of the derivatives, combined with the electron affinity of the anthraquinone, allowed for detection limits in the low pg. The use of pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate for the derivatization of alcohols, amines and carboxylic acids was investigated. Aqueous PFBCF derivatization was applied to amino acid standards, whole blood, plasma and protein hydrolysates. The ECNICI mass spectra of the derivatives are dominated by the (M-181) $\sp-$ ion and the derivatization is accomplished in seconds, in one step at room temperature. Detection limits are in the low femtomole range. PFBCF derivatization of alcohols, under anhydrous conditions, resulted in carbonate esters which yielded molar responses 2-6 times larger than those of the analogous pentafluorobenzoate esters. Finally, the addition of a Hewlett-Packard particle beam LC/MS interface to a Finnigan TSQ-70 mass spectrometer is described. The optimization of particle path and analyte ionization is reported.
Ingliz tili filologiyasi va uning mohiyati
Creators: name: Sultanova Yulduz Rustam qizi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada ingliz tilida fonetik tizimning tuzilishi bo’yicha muallif tomonidan fikr mulohazalar yuritilgan. Fonetik tizimning ingliz filologiyasida o’rni va ahamiyati ochib berilgan.

Kalit so’zlar: ingliz tili, ingliz filologiyasi, fonetik tizim, ingliz tilining rivojlanishi.

Abstract. In this article, the author comments on the philology of the English language and its essence, the structure of the phonetic system in English. The role and importance of the phonetic system in English philology is revealed.

Key words: English language, English philology, phonetic system, development of English language.
Scilla pancration O'Shaughnessy
Creators: name: Turner, I. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Asparagaceae
Scilla
Scilla pancration

description: Scilla pancration (Steinh.) O’Shaughnessy
 Drimia pancration (Steinh.) J.C. Manning & Goldblatt in Manning et al. (2003: 557). Squilla pancration Steinheil (1836a: 371), (1836b: 279). Scilla pancration (Steinh.) O’Shaughnessy (1841: 662). Urginea pancration (Steinh.) Ogilvie (1855: 373). Urginea maritima subsp. pancration (Steinh.) Richter (1890: 218). Charybdis pancration (Steinh.) Speta (1998: 60). Type: originally from Malta but cultivated in France.
 Steinheil segregated the Mediterranean plant Scilla maritima into a separate genus, Squilla, and at the same time separated a new species from Scilla maritima, which he called Squilla pancration. Stafleu and Cowan (1985) indicate that this was first published by Steinheil (1836a), who was an army doctor, in October 1836 in a French journal of military medicine, but most taxonomic works cite Steinheil’s paper (Steinheil 1836b) from a botanical journal of November 1836. As there is no reference to the earlier publication in this work, there are no nomenclatural repurcussions relating to authors failing to cite the earliest publication.
 In The Bengal Dispensatory, Scilla pancration is listed with other Scilla species. There is no author given for the name and no reference to Squilla pancration. However, as the full title of The Dispensatory indicates, Lindley’s works were consulted by O’Shaughnessy and he refers to Squilla pancration in his Flora Medica (Lindley 1838). This indirect reference and the unique epithet make it clear that a transfer from Squilla to Scilla has been effected by O’Shaughnessy, and the combination is considerably earlier than that presently listed in IPNI. Currently the species is considered to be a member of the largely African genus Drimia (Manning et al. 2003). In researching the synonymy of the species I also found an earlier publication for the combination Urginea pancration. This had been attributed to de Philippe in a number of publications, but I have not been able to trace any original work. Speta (1998) provides reference to a French journal of engineering, but this is a short account of the starch extraction business run by one J. Giordano de Philippe (Anonymous 1863), with no mention of species names.
description: Published as part of Turner, I. M., 2011, The contribution of Sir William Brooke O'Shaughnessy (1809 - 1889) to plant taxonomy, pp. 57-63 in Phytotaxa 15 on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.15.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4907562
The Parsec-scale Radio Structure of NGC 1068 and the Nature of the Nuclear Radio Source
Creators: name: Gallimore, Jack F.
name: Baum, Stefi A.
name: O'Dea, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive, multifrequency Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) images of the nuclear radio sources of NGC 1068. At 5 GHz and 8.4 GHz, the radio continuum source S1, argued to mark the location of the hidden active nucleus, resolves into an elongated, ~ 0.8 pc source oriented nearly at right angles to the radio jet axis but more closely aligned to the distribution of the nuclear H2O maser spots. S1 is detected at 5 GHz but not at 1.4 GHz, indicating strong free-free absorption below 5 GHz, and it has a flat spectrum between 5 GHz and 8.4 GHz. A 5/8.4 GHz spectral index map reveals an unresolved, inverted spectrum source at the center of the S1 structure which may mark the AGN proper. The average brightness temperature is too low for synchrotron self-absorption to impact the integrated spectrum significantly. In addition, a careful registration with the nuclear H2O masers argues that the S1 continuum source arises from the inner regions of the maser disk rather than a radio jet. The emission mechanism may be direct, thermal free-free emission from an X-ray-heated corona or wind arising from the molecular disk. We demonstrate that the hidden active nucleus is sufficiently luminous, to within the current estimates, to provide the requisite heating.
description: 38 pages, PDF prepared with MS Word / Acrobat, accepted for publication in ApJ
Health-related quality of life before and after liver transplantation in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Creators: name: Vannas, Marko
name: Färkkilä, Martti
name: Sintonen, Harri
name: Åberg, Fredrik
name: Isoniemi, Helena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Background and aims: Liver transplantation (LTx) remains the only curative treatment in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and liver failure. In Helsinki we have also performed pre-emptive LTx in PSC patients without liver insufficiency but considered to have a high risk for cholangiocarcinoma. The present study evaluates the possible differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in these two PSC groups before and after LTx. Methods: The total study population was 48 patients, 16 were transplanted due to increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma without liver insufficiency (the premalignant group) and 32 patients with end-stage liver disease (the symptomatic group). Results: HRQoL remained good after LTx in the premalignant group, and this difference was also clinically important compared with the symptomatic group, although not statistically significant. Both groups had slightly lower mean HRQoL scores after LTx than the age- and gender-standardized general population, and this difference was not clinically important in either group and statistically significant only in the symptomatic group. Conclusions: HRQoL does not decrease markedly after LTx in the premalignant PSC group, and this group does cope better than the symptomatic PSC group. After LTx, mean HRQoL of the premalignant group stays close to that of the age- and gender-standardized general population.
From mechanistic to holistic concepts of health: The paradigm shift in Western society
Creators: name: Bergel, Mark David
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The study examined the emerging paradigm shift in health in Western society. The concept of a paradigm shift was formalized in Kuhn's 1962 work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Although Kuhn focused primarily on science in his discussion of the concept, it has since been applied to almost every discipline in Western society. In this study, the concept of a paradigm is equated with a "world view.". The current shift in world views was characterized as the movement from a mechanistic, reductionist perspective to a holistic, interconnected understanding of life. The holistic world view does not replace the mechanistic perspective, but expands upon it. In fact, to some, "the ultimate triumph of reductionist physics is to demonstrate the necessity of a new paradigm" (Harman, 1988, p. 106). A "medical" example of the importance of the mechanistic perspective as part of the holistic paradigm can be found in the ever-present need for acute care, including surgical procedures. It was the lack of balance in the approach to health and medical care, however, between mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual components of the individual that was implicated in the study. The need for a new paradigm has been reinforced by numerous studies showing that one's thoughts and emotions precede chemical activity in the body, and that feelings of support and connection to others can influence both the quality and quantity of life. These findings have often been represented as part of the "mind-body connection," but such a phrase is merely the popularized way of describing the intricate relationship among the various aspects of the individual, or the wholeness of the human being. Interviews were held with individuals who have been leaders of the new health paradigm. These interviews suggested that a broader view of health and human existence is, indeed, part of the greater paradigm shift occurring in society. Most related that a holistic approach to health implies that individual health is intimately connected to the health of the community, and to the entire planet, and that improvement in the health of all is the only way that individual health can truly improve.
Current suppression in a double-island single-electron transistor for detection of degenerate charge configurations of a floating double-dot
Creators: name: Brenner, R.
name: Greentree, Andrew D.
name: Hamilton, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated a double-island single-electron transistor (DISET) coupled to a floating metal double-dot (DD). Low-temperature transport measurements were used to map out the charge configurations of both the DISET and the DD. A suppression of the current through the DISET was observed whenever the charge configurations of the DISET and the DD were energetically co-degenerate. This effect was used to distinguish between degenerate and non-degenerate charge configurations of the double-dot. We also show that this detection scheme reduces the susceptibility of the DISET to interference from random charge noise.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett
There and back again: A circuit extraction tale
Creators: name: Backens, Miriam
name: Miller-Bakewell, Hector
name: de Felice, Giovanni
name: Lobski, Leo
name: van de Wetering, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P68

description: Translations between the quantum circuit model and the measurement-based one-way model are useful for verification and optimisation of quantum computations. They make crucial use of a property known as gflow. While gflow is defined for one-way computations allowing measurements in three different planes of the Bloch sphere, most research so far has focused on computations containing only measurements in the XY-plane. Here, we give the first circuit-extraction algorithm to work for one-way computations containing measurements in all three planes and having gflow. The algorithm is efficient and the resulting circuits do not contain ancillae. One-way computations are represented using the ZX-calculus, hence the algorithm also represents the most general known procedure for extracting circuits from ZX-diagrams. In developing this algorithm, we generalise several concepts and results previously known for computations containing only XY-plane measurements. We bring together several known rewrite rules for measurement patterns and formalise them in a unified notation using the ZX-calculus. These rules are used to simplify measurement patterns by reducing the number of qubits while preserving both the semantics and the existence of gflow. The results can be applied to circuit optimisation by translating circuits to patterns and back again.
description: 47 pages in body, 15 pages in appendices
title: Public actors or private providers?: NGOs, Health Sector Reform and Community Based Health Care in Tanzania
Creators: name: Robinson, Dorcas Emma
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: The thesis poses two main questions: ‘what are NGOs?’ and ‘where do NGOs fit in?’. Taking the World Development Report of 1993 as the articulation of an international Health Sector Reform (HSR) agenda, the thesis questions the depiction of NGOs as private health service providers. Identifying four themes as key to the conceptualisation, design and implementation of HSR, it reflects on how these themes have been treated in health and development policy and practice. The thesis proposes that the ethos, programmes and actions of NGOs in health shed light on the interpretation of‘private*, ‘health’, ‘decentralisation’ and ‘community’ in ways that uncover important assumptions and contradictions inherent in the HSR agenda. It proposes that rather than taking NGOs to be private health service providers fitting neatly into increasingly market-based health systems, further exploration of the activist and advocacy role of NGOs is justified.

Investigating HSR in Tanzania, the thesis shows that the dominant view of NGOs is as private service providers, but that, despite recognition of this role, NGOs have been largely excluded from policy discussions. The thesis takes Community Based Health Care (CBHC) - identified in the HSR policy documents and referred to by NGOs - as a case through which to explore the notion that NGOs are ‘community activists’, with a significance beyond direct health service provision. Promotion of CBHC by NGOs shows how they work in and around the formal health sector, at national, local government, and community levels. It concludes that whether providing primary health services, supporting selective primary health interventions, or promoting comprehensive empowerment-oriented approaches to primary health care, NGOs are embedded in complex processes of defining and meeting ‘public’ need. This merits the reconceptualisation of NGOs as public actors constantly defining, maintaining and developing their role through engagement in networks of public action.
Thermodynamics of Gauss-Bonnet-de Sitter Black Holes
Creators: name: Haroon, Sumarna
name: Hennigar, Robie A.
name: Mann, Robert B.
name: Simovic, Fil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the thermodynamics of Gauss-Bonnet black holes in asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes embedded in an isothermal cavity, via a Euclidean action approach. We consider both charged and uncharged black holes, working in the extended phase space where the cosmological constant is treated as a thermodynamic pressure. We examine the phase structure of these black holes through their free energy. In the uncharged case, we find both Hawking-Page and small-to-large black hole phase transitions, whose character depends on the sign of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. In the charged case, we demonstrate the presence of a swallowtube, signaling a compact region in phase space where a small-to-large black hole transition occurs.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
From mechanistic to holistic concepts of health: The paradigm shift in Western society
Creators: name: Bergel, Mark David
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The study examined the emerging paradigm shift in health in Western society. The concept of a paradigm shift was formalized in Kuhn's 1962 work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Although Kuhn focused primarily on science in his discussion of the concept, it has since been applied to almost every discipline in Western society. In this study, the concept of a paradigm is equated with a "world view.". The current shift in world views was characterized as the movement from a mechanistic, reductionist perspective to a holistic, interconnected understanding of life. The holistic world view does not replace the mechanistic perspective, but expands upon it. In fact, to some, "the ultimate triumph of reductionist physics is to demonstrate the necessity of a new paradigm" (Harman, 1988, p. 106). A "medical" example of the importance of the mechanistic perspective as part of the holistic paradigm can be found in the ever-present need for acute care, including surgical procedures. It was the lack of balance in the approach to health and medical care, however, between mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual components of the individual that was implicated in the study. The need for a new paradigm has been reinforced by numerous studies showing that one's thoughts and emotions precede chemical activity in the body, and that feelings of support and connection to others can influence both the quality and quantity of life. These findings have often been represented as part of the "mind-body connection," but such a phrase is merely the popularized way of describing the intricate relationship among the various aspects of the individual, or the wholeness of the human being. Interviews were held with individuals who have been leaders of the new health paradigm. These interviews suggested that a broader view of health and human existence is, indeed, part of the greater paradigm shift occurring in society. Most related that a holistic approach to health implies that individual health is intimately connected to the health of the community, and to the entire planet, and that improvement in the health of all is the only way that individual health can truly improve.
title: 01_2063
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Women, war, and text: Orsognese women's experience in a sector of the Italian front in World War II
Creators: name: Budani, Donna Martha
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The narratives that women related to this researcher about their lives in Orsogna, Italy during and immediately after World War II all serve to articulate assumptions about the perceived nature of community. I use data drawn from an examination of 150 narratives recorded in interviews, occurring in spontaneous conversations, and during field observations, as well as from an examination of my own reaction. These narratives allow listeners to participate provisionally in the disorder, dislocation, and privation experienced by the narrators in war. This study makes two significant contributions to our understanding of a community whose cultural fabric remained intact during extreme wartime conditions in one Italian sector. First, the narratives, as texts, reveal how women connected their experiences to the established cultural meanings of those experiences. That is, regular patterns of behavior occur as a result of practices generated in social interaction. Second, the narratives reveal that what was said depends for its full meaning and interpretive power on what was unsaid on beliefs, values, premises encoded in the cultural matrix of the community.
Arthuria KLAUTAU ET AL. 2013
Creators: name: Azevedo, Fernanda
name: Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi
name: Willenz, Philippe
name: Hajdu, Eduardo
name: Hooker, Yuri
name: Klautau, Michelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Calcarea
Clathrinida
Clathrinidae
Arthuria

description: GENUS ARTHURIA KLAUTAU ET AL., 2013
 Diagnosis: Calcinea in which the cormus comprises a typical clathroid body. A stalk may be present. The skeleton contains regular (equiangular and equiradiate) triactines and tetractines. However, tetractines are more rare. Diactines may be added.Asconoid aquiferous system.
description: Published as part of Azevedo, Fernanda, Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi, Willenz, Philippe, Hajdu, Eduardo, Hooker, Yuri & Klautau, Michelle, 2015, Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (subclass Calcinea) from the Peruvian coast: morphology, molecules, and biogeography, pp. 787-817 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 173 (4) on page 792, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12213, http://zenodo.org/record/4890637
Leakage Effect on J/psi Pt Distributions in Different Centrality Bins for Pb-Pb Collisions at E/A=160 GeV
Creators: name: Zhuang, Pengfei
name: Zhu, Xianglei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A transport approach including a leakage effect for J/psi's in the transverse phase space is used to calculate the ratios between the J/psi transverse momentum distributions in several centrality bins for Pb-Pb collisions at E/A = 160 GeV. From the comparison with the CERN-SPS data, where the centrality is characterized by the transverse energy Et, the leakage effect is extremely important in the region of high transverse momentum and high transverse energy, and both the threshold and the comover models can describe the ratio well for all centrality bins except the most central one (Et < 100 GeV), for which the comover model calculation is considerably better than the threshold one.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, REVTEX3.1, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C