cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin-polarized currents in corrugated graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Santos, Hernán
name: Latgé, A.
name: Brey, L.
name: Chico, Leonor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of spin-polarized currents in corrugated graphene nanoribbons. Such corrugations are modeled as multiple regions with Rashba spin-orbit interactions, where concave and convex curvatures are treated as Rashba regions with opposite signs. Numerical examples for different separated Rashba-zone geometries calculated within the tight-binding approximation are provided. Remarkably, the spin-polarized current in a system with several Rashba areas can be enhanced with respect to the case with a single Rashba part of the same total area. The enhancement is larger for configurations with multiple regions with the same Rashba sign. This indicates that the increase of the spin polarization is due to the scattering of the electrons traversing regions with and without Rashba interaction. Additionally, we relate the appearance of the spin-polarized currents to novel symmetry relations between the spin-dependent conductances. These symmetries turn out to be a combination of different symmetry operations in real and spin spaces, as those occurring in non-planar systems like carbon nanotubes. Our results show that two-dimensional devices with Rashba spin-orbit interaction can be used as excellent spintronic devices in an all-electrical or mechanical setup.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Transmembrane protein ADAM29 facilitates cell proliferation, invasion and migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Shun-Lai Li
name: Ting-Qi Jiang
name: Cao, Qing-Wei
name: Liu, Shan-Mei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Abnormal expression of ADAM29 has been frequently reported in several cancers, however, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not evaluated in detail. Herein, we attempt to determine the biological role and the action mechanism of ADAM29 in ccRCC. Bioinformatics analysis based on the ccRCC RNA-Seq dataset from TCGA database revealed that ADAM29 was up-expressed in ccRCC tissues by comparison with normal tissues. And a significant increase of ADAM29 expression was also observed in 3 ccRCC cell lines (UT33A, Caki-1, and786-O) in comparison with normal cell line. Besides, high level of ADAM29 was found to be connected with the poor prognosis and could be considered as an independent prognosticator for patients with ccRCC. Furthermore, functional experiments in vitro demonstrated that ADAM29 promoted the growth, invasion and migration of ccRCC cells. Moreover, Western blot assays indicated that ADAM29 was positively correlated with the level of proliferation-related proteins Cyclin D1 and PCNA and motion-related proteins MMP9 and Snail. Our data indicate that ADAM29 acts as an oncogene that increases tumour cells proliferation, invasion and migration partly by regulating the expression of Cyclin D1/PCNA/MMP9/Snail, suggesting that ADAM29 may become a prognosticator and therapeutic candidate for ccRCC.
MOESM1 of Dynamic single-slice CT estimates whole-lung dual-energy CT variables in pigs with and without experimental lung injury
Creators: name: Cronin, John
name: JoĂŁo Borges
name: Crockett, Douglas
name: Farmery, Andrew
name: GĂśran Hedenstierna
name: Larsson, Anders
name: Tran, Minh
name: Camporota, Luigi
name: Formenti, Federico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Methods, Results and Discussion. Table S1. Effects of injury, inspiration, PEEP and VT on the bias between dCT and whole-lung means. Table S2. Effects of injury, inspiration, PEEP and VT on correlation between whole-lung and dCT density distributions. Figure S1. Effects of PEEP and tidal volume upon the discrepancy between dynamic CT and whole-lung CT mean values for the eight studied variables. Figure S2. Distributions of correlation coefficients between whole-lung and dCT variables.
Long-term evolution of isolated N-body sytems
Creators: name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Hut, Piet
name: Heggie, Douglas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of N-body simulations of isolated star clusters, performed up to the point where the clusters are nearly completely dissolved. Our main focus is on the post-collapse evolution of these clusters. We find that after core collapse, isolated clusters evolve along nearly a single sequence of models whose properties are independent of the initial density profile and particle number. Due to the slower expansion of high-N clusters, relaxation times become almost independent of the particle number after several core collapse times, at least for the particle range of our study. As a result, the dissolution times of isolated clusters exhibit a surprisingly weak dependence on N. We find that most stars escape due to encounters between single stars inside the half-mass radius of the cluster. Encounters with binaries take place mostly in the cluster core and account for roughly 15% of all escapers. Encounters between single stars at intermediate radii are also responsible for the build up of a radial anisotropic velocity distribution in the halo. For clusters undergoing core oscillations, escape due to binary stars is efficient only when the cluster center is in a contracted phase. Our simulations show that it takes about 10^5 N-body time units until the global anisotropy reaches its maximum value. The anisotropy increases with particle number and it seems conceivable that isolated star clusters become vulnerable to radial orbit instabilities for large enough N. However, no indication for the onset of such instabilities was seen in our runs.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures, MNRAS in press, V2: Order of authors changed in author-field
Lie symmetries of two-dimensional shallow water equations with variable bottom topography
Creators: name: Bihlo, Alexander
name: Poltavets, Nataliia
name: Popovych, Roman O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76M60 (Primary) 86A05, 35B06, 35A30 (Secondary)

description: We carry out the group classification of the class of two-dimensional shallow water equations with variable bottom topography using an optimized version of the method of furcate splitting. The equivalence group of this class is found by the algebraic method. Using algebraic techniques, we construct additional point equivalences between some of the listed cases of Lie-symmetry extensions, which are inequivalent up to transformations from the equivalence group.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure, minor extension
Cas9-induced on-target genomic damage
Creators: name: Kosicki, Michal Konrad
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: CRISPR
DNA damage repair
Cas9
mutagenesis

description: CRISPR/Cas9 is the gene editing tool of choice in basic research and poised to become one in clinical context. However, current studies on the topic suffer from a number of shortcomings. Mutagenesis is often assessed using bulk methods, which means rare events go undetected, unresolved or are discarded as potential sequencing errors. Many of the genotyping methods rely on short-range PCR, which excludes larger structural variants. Other methods, such as FISH, do not provide basepair resolution, making the genotype assessment imprecise. Furthermore, it is not well understood how Cas9 delivery format influences the dynamics of indel introduction. Finally, many studies of on-target activity were conducted in cancerous cell lines, which do not accurately model the mutagenesis of normal cells in the therapeutic context. In my thesis, I have investigated on-target lesions induced by Cas9 complexed with single gRNAs and no exogenous template. I have followed the time dynamics of Cas9-induced small indels as a function of reagent delivery methods, established an assay for quantification of Cas9-induced genomic lesions that are not small indels ("complex lesions") and used this assay to isolate and genotype complex lesions, many of which would be missed by standard methods. I found that DNA breaks introduced by single guide RNAs frequently resolved into deletions extending over many kilobases. Furthermore, lesions distal to the cut site and cross-over events were identified. Frequent and extensive DNA damage in mitotically active cells caused by CRISPR/Cas9 editing may have pathogenic consequences.
description: Wellcome Trust Grant number 098051
Clinical pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin in a hemodialysis patient with advanced gastric cancer
Creators: name: Maruta, Motofumi
name: Miyoshi, Takanori
name: Matsuo, Naomi
name: Yamashina, Takuya
name: Irie, Kenji
name: Tsuruta, Minako
name: Tsukada, Hiroko
name: Tsuruyama, Moeko
name: Nagano, Masahisa
name: Hiraki, Yoichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: We administered FOLFOX (oxaliplatin (L-OHP) plus infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin) to an hemodialysis (HD) patient with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), and investigated pharmacokinetics (PKs) and dialyzability of L-OHP. The patient was a 54-year-old Japanese man with a diagnosis of inoperable AGC. FOLFOX was instituted 3 h prior to the start of a 4 h HD period with the L-OHP and 5-FU doses reduced by 50% for the first cycle, and 30% reduced dose was administered for the second cycle. We performed an analysis of the PKs of L-OHP during these two cycles. Volume of distribution and area under the curve of the 30% reduced L-OHP dose were 56.7 L and 30.0 μg·h/mL, respectively. A dose reduction of L-OHP by 30%−50% may be advisable for the initial administration, given the need for careful administration of chemotherapy in HD patients, with particular attention to the development of hematological toxicities and neuropathy.
Pressure of Hot QCD at Large N_f
Creators: name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the pressure and entropy of hot QCD in the limit of large number of fermions, N_f >> N_c ~ 1, to next to leading order in N_f. At this order the calculation can be done exactly, up to ambiguities due to the presence of a Landau pole in the theory; the ambiguities are O(T^8/Λ^4_{Landau}) and remain negligible long after the perturbative series (in g^2 N_f) has broken down. Our results can be used to test several proposed resummation schemes for the pressure of full QCD.
description: 16 pages including 4 figures. Short enough for you to read. Numerical results corrected after an error was found by Andreas Ipp and Anton Rebhan
Quantum Information Processing with Microfabricated Optical Elements
Creators: name: Buchkremer, F. B. J.
name: Dumke, R.
name: Volk, M.
name: Muether, T.
name: Birkl, G.
name: Ertmer, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new direction in the field of quantum information processing with neutral atoms. It is based on the use of microfabricated optical elements. With these elements versatile and integrated atom optical devices can be created in a compact fashion. This approach opens the possibility to scale, parallelize, and miniaturize atom optics for new investigations in fundamental research and applications towards quantum computing with neutral atoms. The exploitation of the unique features of the quantum mechanical behavior of matter waves and the capabilities of powerful state-of-the-art micro- and nanofabrication techniques lend this approach a special attraction.
A novel approach for the analysis of the geometry involved in determining light curves of pulsars
Creators: name: Viganò, Daniele
name: Torres, Diego F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we introduce the use of the differential geometry Frenet-Serret equations to describe a magnetic line in a pulsar magnetosphere. These equations, which need to be solved numerically, fix the magnetic line in terms of their tangent, normal, and binormal vectors at each position, given assumptions on the radius of curvature and torsion. Once the representation of the magnetic line is defined, we provide the relevant set of transformations between reference frames; the ultimate aim is to express the map of the emission directions in the star co-rotating frame. In this frame, an emission map can be directly read as a light curve seen by observers located at a certain fixed angle with respect to the rotational axis. We provide a detailed step-by-step numerical recipe to obtain the emission map for a given emission process, and give a set of simplified benchmark tests. Key to our approach is that it offers a setting to achieve an effective description of the system's geometry {\it together} with the radiation spectrum. This allows to compute multi-frequency light curves produced by a specific radiation process (and not just geometry) in the pulsar magnetosphere, and intimately relates with averaged observables such as the spectral energy distribution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Forensic Psychologists: Vulnerable Adjuncts of Penal Power
Creators: name: Warr, Jason James
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Prison
subject: Power
subject: Emotional Labour
subject: Forensic Psychology
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: Emotive Labour
subject: Disciplinary Capital
subject: Occupational Morality
subject: Vulnerability
subject: Forensic Psychologists
subject: Expertise

description: This thesis explores the experiences of forensic psychologists who are employed within the contemporary prisons of England and Wales. It is concerned with their occupational morality and perspectives, their experiences of power, as well as the emotional impact of their prison work. Since 1992 there has been a fundamental increase in the demand for, and expansion of, psychological services within the prison system of England and Wales. In this period, they have become central to a pervasive and unchecked form of penal power. The expanded role, and subsequent power, of forensic psychologists has been noted by many penal commentators and researchers. However, much of this commentary has focused on the perspective of the prisoner or the nature and efficacy of their practices. This study is the first to provide a sociological and qualitative account of the practitioners themselves, and how they simultaneously occupy both a position of power and one of vulnerability. This thesis offers original insight into, and a novel contribution to, the extant literature in four ways: Firstly, it provides a typology of forensic psychologist values and professional perspectives for those employed within prisons; Secondly, it explores the occupational vicissitudes that this population face and how these variant moral positions result in differing ways of experiencing and coping with them. This extends the evidence on emotional labour and introduces the concept of emotive labour; Thirdly, it explains the realities of how these distinct ‘types’ both respond to the power of the establishments in which they work and the manner in which they wield their own professional power. It also highlights the notion of disciplinary capital and its relationship to psychological expertise and explains how these are fundamental elements of contemporary carceral power; and finally, it elucidates the manner in which the very gendered nature of a prison, and the cultures therein, can impact on female forensic psychologists and evoke particular armouring and avoidance coping strategies.
High-Frequency Flow Rate Determination - A Pressure-Based Measurement Approach
Creators: name: Brumand-Poor, Faras
name: Kotte, Tim
name: Schüpfer, Marwin
name: Figge, Felix
name: Schmitz, Katharina
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cylinder coupling
High-frequency compressible volumetric flow rate measurement
Pressure pulsation
Pressure-based sensor
Soft sensor

description: 20 Seiten (2024). doi:10.20944/preprints202411.1402.v1
MOESM1 of What happened and why? A programme theory-based qualitative evaluation of a healthcare-academia partnership reform in primary care
Creators: name: HĂĽkan Uvhagen
name: Hasson, Henna
name: Hansson, Johan
name: Knorring, Mia Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: The preliminary logic model illustrating the idea behind how the Academic Primary Healthcare Networks were expected to work (i.e., the programme theory).
A sample of 6C radio sources designed to find objects at redshift > 4: III --- imaging and the radio galaxy K-z relation
Creators: name: Jarvis, Matt J.
name: Rawlings, Steve
name: Eales, Steve
name: Blundell, Katherine M.
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Croft, Steve
name: McLure, Ross J.
name: Willott, Chris J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the third and final of a series, we present complete K-band imaging and some complementary I-band imaging of the filtered 6C* sample. We find no systematic differences between the K-z relation of 6C* radio galaxies and those from complete samples, so the near-infrared properties of luminous radio galaxies are not obviously biased by the additional 6C* radio selection criteria (steep spectral index and small angular size). The 6C* K-z data significantly improve delineation of the K-z relation for radio galaxies at high-redshift (z >2). Accounting for non-stellar contamination, and for correlations between radio luminosity and stellar mass, we find little support for previous claims that the underlying scatter in the stellar luminosity of radio galaxies increases significantly at z >2. In a particular spatially-flat universe with a cosmological constant, the most luminous radio sources appear to be associated with galaxies with a luminosity distribution with a high mean (~5 Lstar), and a low dispersion (sigma ~ 0.5 mag) which formed their stars at epochs corresponding to z >~2.5. This result is in line with recent sub-mm studies of high-redshift radio galaxies and the inferred ages of extremely red objects from faint radio samples.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Metropolitan-scale heralded entanglement of solid-state qubits
Creators: name: Stolk, Arian J.
name: van der Enden, Kian L.
name: Slater, Marie-Christine
name: Raa-Derckx, Ingmar te
name: Botma, Pieter
name: van Rantwijk, Joris
name: Biemond, Benjamin
name: Hagen, Ronald A. J.
name: Herfst, Rodolf W.
name: Koek, Wouter D.
name: Meskers, Arjan J. H.
name: Vollmer, René
name: van Zwet, Erwin J.
name: Markham, Matthew
name: Edmonds, Andrew M.
name: Geus, Jan Fabian
name: Elsen, Florian Pascal
name: Jungbluth, Bernd
name: Häfner, Constantin Leon
name: Tresp, Christoph
name: Stuhler, Jürgen
name: Ritter, Stephan
name: Hanson, Ronald
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

description: 26 Seiten (2024). doi:10.48550/arXiv.2404.03723
MOESM1 of Occurrence of Escherichia coli and faecal coliforms in drinking water at source and household point-of-use in Rohingya camps, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Mahmud, Zahid
name: Md Islam
name: Khan Imran
name: Hakim, Syed
name: Worth, Martin
name: Alvee Ahmed
name: Shanewaz Hossan
name: Haider, Maliha
name: Islam, Mohammad
name: Hossain, Ferdous
name: Johnston, Dara
name: Niyaz Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Number of three different types of water samples collected from 15 Rohingya camps (50% of all functional tubewells of respective camps).
A systematic review of implications, mechanisms, and stability of in vivo emergent resistance to colistin and tigecycline in Acinetobacter baumannii
Creators: name: Karakonstantis, Stamatis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The potential of A. baumannii for acquired resistance to last resort antibiotics (colistin and tigecycline) during treatment has important clinical implications, especially when dealing with patients failing to improve despite treatment with an active antimicrobial. However, the relevant literature remains scattered. Therefore, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus. Several studies reported emergence of resistance to colistin or tigecycline during treatment, in most cases (86%) resulting in persistent or recurrent infections, especially in cases of emergent resistance without fitness cost. Lipopolysaccharide modification in the case of colistin and overexpression of efflux pumps in the case of tigecycline were the main mechanisms of resistance. Emergent colistin resistance is often associated with fitness cost which may result in re-emergence of the fitter and more virulent colistin susceptible strain after cessation of antibiotic pressure. Prospective studies are needed to determine the frequency of emergent resistance during treatment and its impact on patient outcomes.
title: Être et responsabilité. Phénoménologie et poésie de Jean-Louis Chrétien
Creators: name: Brion, Maxime
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2025

description: Cette thèse étudie la pensée de la parole de Jean-Louis Chrétien, dans ses livres phénoménologiques et dans ses recueils de poèmes, en dialogue avec les œuvres de Martin Heidegger, d’Emmanuel Levinas et de Paul Celan, selon la perspective thématique « être et responsabilité ». Fondée sur la théologie du Verbe de la tradition chrétienne (catholique), la phénoménologie de Chrétien voit dans la parole le phénomène premier, et sa poésie consiste en une exploration parallèle du pouvoir humain de parler. Pour lui, parler est avant tout répondre, répondre à un appel antérieur. Héritier de l’ontologie de Heidegger et de l’éthique de Levinas, de leur traitement des notions de monde, d’altérité et de Dieu, sa singularité philosophique est de décrire un appel et une réponse à la fois ontologiques et éthiques. La poésie de Chrétien en est la mise en pratique car elle fait usage de la nomination des choses (réponse ontologique) et de l’adresse à l’interlocuteur (réponse éthique) pour exprimer le triptyque « monde, altérité, Dieu ». Dans la première partie de cette thèse (chapitres 2 et 3), nous étudions la pensée phénoménologique et théologique de la parole de Chrétien, son héritage et sa réponse critique à l’ontologie de Heidegger et à l’éthique de Levinas. Dans la seconde partie (chapitres 4 et 5), nous étudions la poésie de Chrétien et de Celan, en étudiant l’entrelacs du chant et de l’adresse dans leurs poèmes, et la définition de la poésie comme chant du monde adressé à un 
interlocuteur
Additional file 2 of Cdk5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1 knockout mice show hearing loss phenotypically similar to age-related hearing loss
Creators: name: Miwa, Toru
name: Fan-Yan Wei
name: Tomizawa, Kazuhito
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Magnified images of H&E staining of the middle cochlear turn in Cdk5rap1-KO and CNT mice at different ages. (a) OC, (b) SGCs, (c) SV and SLi. Scale bar = 100 µm.
Activation and Maintenance of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IELs)
Creators: name: Frising, Ulrika Cecilia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Intraepithelial lymphocytes
Mucosal immunology
Intestinal organoids
Immunometabolism

description: The intestinal tissue is charged with a delicate immunological task. The intestinal immune system needs to be tolerant towards nutrients and microbiota present in the intestinal lumen, while simultaneously detecting and responding to dangers such as pathogens. A single-cell layer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) acts as a first line of defence. There is a T cell population located between the IECs that have been named intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). As the main lymphoid population within the intestinal barrier, IELs are thought to have an important role in intestinal homeostasis maintenance, as well as a role in intestinal inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease. Despite extensive research on IEL biology, there are still questions remaining in terms of the development, maintenance and activation of IELs. Furthermore, IELs survive poorly in vitro, which hinders mechanistic insights. In this thesis, a co-culture system between IELs and intestinal organoids, “mini-guts”, provides an in vitro model for IELs. With this IEL-organoid co-culture system, IELs associated with the organoids survive for at least 4 days. Additional findings suggest that IELs are kept in a poised state of activation due to differences in their mitochondria compared to other T cells found in spleen, lung and skin. Upon activation or intestinal inflammation, the mitochondrial mass in IELs increases. This increase correlates with effector functions such as cytokine production and proliferation. In addition, the composition of the mitochondria-specific lipid, cardiolipins, alters drastically in IELs after activation. These data support a model of mitochondria-dependent activation of IELs. The mitochondria-dependent activation in IELs appears to have at least two pathways: one T cell receptor-dependent and one microbiota-dependent. The latter pathway suggests a model in which IELs can become activated regardless of the cause of intestinal epithelial barrier damage.
description: National Centre of the 3Rs (NC3R) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBRSC) Funds for Women Graduates (FfWG)
MOESM1 of Pathobiology and innate immune responses of gallinaceous poultry to clade 2.3.4.4A H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection
Creators: name: Kateri Bertran
name: Pantin-Jackwood, Mary
name: Criado, Miria
name: Lee, Dong-Hun
name: Balzli, Charles
name: Spackman, Erica
name: Suarez, David
name: Swayne, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Primers used for the qRRT-PCR of innate immune response genes.
Contribution of neutral pseudoscalar mesons to $a_μ^{HLbL}$ within a Schwinger-Dyson equations approach to QCD
Creators: name: Raya, K.
name: Bashir, A.
name: Roig, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A continuum approach to Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), based upon Schwinger-Dyson (SD) and Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equations, is employed to provide a tightly constrained prediction for the $γ^{*} γ^{*} \rightarrow \{ π^0, η, η', η_c, η_b \}$ transition form factors (TFFs) and their corresponding pole contribution to the hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) piece of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon ($a_μ$). This work relies on a practical and well-tested quark-photon vertex Ansatz approach to evaluate the TFFs for arbitrary space-like photon virtualities, in the impulse approximation. The numerical results are parametrized meticulously, ensuring a reliable evaluation of the HLbL contributions to $a_μ$. We obtain: $a_μ^{π^0-\textrm{pole}} = (6.14 \pm 0.21) \times 10^{-10}$, $a_μ^{η-\textrm{pole}} = (1.47 \pm 0.19) \times 10^{-10}$, $a_μ^{η'-\textrm{pole}} = (1.36 \pm 0.08) \times 10^{-10}$, yielding a total value of $a_μ^{π^0+η+η'-\textrm{pole}} = (8.97 \pm 0.48) \times 10^{-10}$, compatible with contemporary determinations. Notably, we find that $a_μ^{η_c+η_b-\textrm{pole}} \approx a_μ^{η_c-\textrm{pole}} = (0.09 \pm 0.01) \times 10^{-10}$, which might not be negligible once the percent precision in the computation of the light pseudoscalars is reached.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Comment on "Disorder Induced Quantum Phase Transition in Random-Exchange Spin-1/2 Chains"
Creators: name: Laflorencie, N.
name: Rieger, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the random bond antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain for weak disorder and demonstrate the existence of crossover length scale x_W that diverges with decreasing strength of the disorder. Recent DMRG calculations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 127202 (2002); cond-mat/0111027] claimed to have found evidence for a non-universal behavior in this model and found no indications of a universal infinite randomness fixed point (IRFP) scenario. We show that these data are not in the asymptotic regime since the system sizes that have been considered are of the same order of magnitude or much smaller than the crossover length x_W. We give a scaling form for the xx-spin-correlation function that takes this crossover length into account and that is compatible with the IRFP scenario and a random singlet phase.
description: 1 page RevTeX, eps-fig included
MEDEA: Automated Measure and on-line Analysis in Astronomy and Astrophysics for Very Large Vision Machine
Creators: name: Iovane, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MEDEA is a software architecture to detect luminosity variations connected with the discovery of new planet outside the Solar System. Taking into account the enormous number of stars to monitor for our aim traditional approaches are very demanding in terms of computing time; here, the implementation of an automatic vision and decision system, which allows to perform an on-line discrimination of possible events by using two levels of trigger and a quasi-on-line data analysis, is presented. MEDEA becomes very profitable when dealing with large or deep surveys and provides to obtain soon results with its powerful data analysis tools.
description: Winner of the price "Best Application of Measure and Automation in Europe 2001-2002"(Assigned by National Instruments Italy), 28 February 2002
An up-scaled endeavor for exploring OB stars in the  Milky Way within the WEAVE-SCIP survey
Creators: name: de Burgos, Abel
name: Simón-Díaz, Sergio
name: Drew, Janet E.
name: Rodriguez Berlanas, Sara
name: Monguió, Maria
name: Herrero, Artemio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astronomy
subject: Astrophysics
subject: massive stars
subject: spectroscopic surveys

description: The study of massive OB stars plays a very important role in our understanding of galaxies. Despite their short lives, they produce strong feedback into their environment from birth to death, becoming the main source of their chemo-dynamical evolution. However, OB stars gather many open questions concerning their evolution and physical properties that remain unanswered. In this context, the Milky Way as a whole provides a perfectly suited laboratory to study them.

From an empirical point of view, answering some of these questions requires spectroscopic observations with sufficient resolution of statistically significant samples of these stars. To date, most of the studies have used samples with a reduced number of stars, they were observed at low resolution, or they were focused on specific regions within our galaxy.

To overcome this situation, the WEAVE-SCIP low-resolution (LR, R=5000) spectroscopic survey will target nearly 20.000 OB star candidates covering a large portion of the Northern Galactic disk, identifying and building the largest and most homogeneous spectroscopic sample of them up to date. This, complemented with the kinematic information from Gaia, will allow us to address many of the open questions yet unanswered, bringing our knowledge of massive stars to the next level.

In this poster introduces the OB star component of the WEAVE-SCIP LR survey, covering different aspects of this sub-survey, including (1) the target selection, which is mainly based on data provided by the IGAPS, 2MASS and Gaia-DR3 catalogs, (2) the expected coverage in terms of galactic coordinates and distance, (3) the main plans for the scientific exploitation of the data, and (4) the various synergies which will be established with other ongoing observational projects aimed at the study of Galactic OB stars, such as ALSIII, IACOB, Galante, MudeHar, MOBSTER or TESS-OB.
Five-year surveillance and correlation of antibiotic consumption and resistance of Gram-negative bacteria at an intensive care unit in Serbia
Creators: name: Popović, Radmila
name: Tomić, Zdenko
name: Tomas, Ana
name: Anđelić, Nada
name: Vicković, Sanja
name: Jovanović, Gordana
name: Bukumirić, Dragica
name: Horvat, Olga
name: Sabo, Ana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A surveillance study was performed in an intensive care unit in the largest tertiary health care center in Vojvodina, Serbia from 2014 to 2018. Antibiotic prescription data were collated in the WHO anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC)/defined daily dose (DDD) format, while antibiotic resistance was expressed as incidence density adjusted for total inpatient-days. Individual trends were determined by linear regression, while possible associations between antibiotic prescription and resistance were evaluated using cross-correlation analysis. An overall decrease in antibiotic utilization was observed. The prescription rates of piperacillin-tazobactam increased significantly, while consumption of 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones decreased. There were rising incidence densities of doripenem resistant Acinetobacter spp., piperacillin-tazobactam resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenem and colistin resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. These results can serve as a basis for the development of antimicrobial stewardship strategies in the current setting.
Synalpheus williamsi Rios & Duffy 2007
Creators: name: Hultgren, Kristin M.
name: Macdonald Iii, Kenneth S.
name: Duffy, J. Emmett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Alpheidae
Synalpheus
Synalpheus williamsi

description: Synalpheus williamsi Rios & Duffy, 2007
(Pl. 6E–F)
 Material examined. Curaçao: 3 ov. females, 9 non-ov. individuals (VIMS 08CU3305, 3401, 3501, 10201, 11001, 11601, 11801), Caracas Baai, from the canals of Hymeniacidon caerulea. 1 ov. female (VIMS 08CU3601), Caracas Baai, no host found. 1 ov. female, 1 non-ov. individual (VIMS 08CU7901–2), Scary Steps, from the canals of H. caerulea. 1 ov. female, 2 non-ov. individuals (VIMS 08CU2301, 2401), St. Michiel Baai, from the canals of H. caerulea. 1 individual (VIMS 08CU2001), St. Michiel Baai, no host found. 3 ov. females, 4 non-ov. individuals (VIMS 08CU4601–2, 5301, 5501–2, 6401–2), Westpunt, from the canals of H. caerulea. 1 individual (VIMS 08CU6801), Westpunt, no host found. Largest ov. female, CL 5.5 mm, largest non-ov. individual, CL 3.8 mm.
 Color. Bodies drab to bright orange, with brown to orange-tipped major chelae; embryos and ovaries orange.
 Hosts and ecology. In Curaçao, as in other locations where it has been reported, S. williamsi was primarily found in the canals of Hymeniacidon caerulea, typically in heterosexual pairs. In Curaçao, juvenile individuals were often found accompanying adult pairs.
 Distribution. Belize (Macdonald et al. 2006; Rios & Duffy 2007); Jamaica (Macdonald et al. 2009); Curaçao (this study).
 Remarks. S. williamsi in Curaçao often had traces of their dark blue host sponge (Hymeniacidon caerulea) visible in their gut (see Plates 6E–F), as noted in other locations.
description: Published as part of Hultgren, Kristin M., Macdonald Iii, Kenneth S. & Duffy, J. Emmett, 2010, Sponge-dwelling snapping shrimps of Curaçao, with descriptions of three new species *, pp. 221-262 in Zootaxa 2372 (1) on page 252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2372.1.20, http://zenodo.org/record/5306751
Population health in Namibia: an analytical approach
Creators: name: Allcock, Sophie Henrietta
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Population health
Namibia
healthcare
healthcare access

description: Background and objectives: Namibia aims to improve population health and human development. As there is limited research to date exploring the sociodemographic patterns of disease and healthcare access in the country, this thesis aimed to assess the burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases, the coverage of public health interventions and barriers to healthcare access at the population level. Methods: Using data collected from 9,849 households and 41,646 individuals in the 2013 Namibia Demographic and Health Survey, the prevalence and sociodemographic patterns of disease and healthcare barriers were explored. Specifically, this thesis investigated the prevalence and distribution of chronic diseases, the coverage of public health interventions and access to healthcare. The determinants of these outcomes were assessed in descriptive, multivariable and spatial analyses. Results: In this DHS population, chronic disease prevalence was high (HIV: 13.9%; hypertension: 36.9% and hyperglycaemia: 5.4%). However, co-morbidity of these conditions was low. Malaria control intervention coverage was below government target levels in high transmission areas. In relation to healthcare access, almost half of women reported at least one barrier to healthcare, including distance to health facilities and getting money for treatment. Women who were less educated, less wealthy and lived in rural areas were more likely to report distance as a problem in accessing care. Spatial analyses indicated that distance and travel time to health facilities was highly variable in rural areas, with approximately 40% of the rural population having to travel for more than an hour to reach a facility. Multivariable analyses indicated that men, those who were less wealthy and lived in rural areas lived further away from health facilities. Health insurance was associated with health service utilisation but coverage of insurance was just 17.5%, with men, wealthier and more educated populations more likely to be insured. Conclusions: The findings presented in this thesis suggest that urban-rural and socioeconomic differences are underlying determinants of population health and healthcare access in Namibia, with rural, less wealthy and less educated populations often disadvantaged. Further research is needed to better understand disease co-morbidity, to evaluate intervention programmes, and to more intricately understand the population-level barriers to healthcare in the country so as to inform strategies to improve population health and achieve human development in Namibia.
description: This research was funded by the Biomedical Research Council
The baryon content of groups and clusters of galaxies in the FABLE simulations
Creators: name: Henden, Nicholas A.
name: Puchwein, Ewald
name: Sijacki, Debora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gas and stellar mass content of galaxy groups and clusters in the FABLE suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, including the evolution of their central brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs), satellite galaxies and intracluster light (ICL). The total gas and stellar mass of FABLE clusters are in very good agreement with observations and show negligible redshift evolution at fixed halo mass for $M_{500} \gtrsim 3 \times 10^{14} M_{\odot}$ at $z \lesssim 1$, in line with recent findings from Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)-selected cluster samples. Importantly, the simulations predict significant redshift evolution in these quantities in the low mass ($M_{500} \sim 10^{14} M_{\odot}$) regime, which will be testable with upcoming SZ surveys such as SPT-3G. While the stellar masses of FABLE BCGs are in reasonable agreement with observations, the total stellar mass in satellite galaxies is lower than observed and the total mass in ICL is somewhat higher. This may be caused by enhanced tidal stripping of satellite galaxies due to their large sizes. BCGs are characterised by moderate stellar mass growth at $z < 1$ coincident with a late-time development of the ICL. The level of BCG mass growth is in good agreement with recent observations, however, we caution that the inferred growth depends sensitively on the mass definition. We further show that in-situ star formation contributes more than half the mass of a BCG over its lifetime, the bulk of which is gained at $z > 1$ where star formation rates are highest. The stellar mass profiles of the BCG+ICL component are similar to observed profiles out to $\sim 100$ kpc at $z \approx 0$ and follow a close to power law shape out to several hundred kpc. We further demonstrate that the inferred size growth of BCGs can be severely biased by the choice of parametric model and the outer radius of the fit.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures, 1 appendix; MNRAS accepted
Elucidating Structure and Dynamics of Extracellular Matrix Collagen Using Solid-State NMR
Creators: name: Goldberga, Ieva
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Solid-State NMR
Extracellular matrix
Collagen
Isotopic enrichment
T1 relaxation
Inverse Laplace Transform (ILT)

description: In recent years, solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has emerged as an established spectroscopic method to afford detailed structural information on native cellular and extracellular components at atomic-scale resolution. Fibrillar collagens are the most common component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), comprising up to 20% by weight of the human body and is found in most of the tissues. Due to their diverse structures and compositions, collagens serve many functions, providing structural and mechanical support for surrounding cells, and playing important roles in cell-to-cell communication. Nonetheless, despite being at first glance a simple protein formed by three homologous polypeptide chains of repeating three-amino-acid triads trimerised into a triple helix, it is a highly versatile and complex system. Due to the complexity and size of the triple helix, the scientific community still lacks understanding of collagen structure, flexibility and dynamics at the atomic level, in spite of today’s advances in technology. The combination of $^13$C, $^15$N-labelled amino acid enrichment of in-vitro or in-vivo materials with two-dimensional solid-state NMR spectroscopy potentially provides a more detailed understanding of the complex collagen structure and dynamics at atomic resolution. Furthermore, our knowledge of undesirable structural changes within the extracellular matrix, such as non-enzymatic glycation reactions with reducing sugars, is limited. Glycation-modified extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to abnormal cell behaviour and widespread cell necrosis, potentially causing numerous health complications, e.g. in diabetic patients. Solid-state NMR is a powerful probe to study these structural changes. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates how solid-state NMR can be used to study the effects of genetic and glycation chemistry on the molecular structure and dynamics of the collagen. We employed a selection of synthetic model peptides that contain a variation of the native sequence representing normal and defected collagen triple-helical compositions to assess the backbone motions via the use of the $^15$N T$_1$ relaxation. Further, we use U-$^13$C,$^15$N-isotopically enriched collagen ECM samples to investigate the conformational and dynamic changes after glycation of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of the collagen fibrils. Finally, we propose a methodology that can be employed to probe different sites (gap and overlap zones) of the collagen fibrils in their native state which can be exploited to detect less abundant species found in the collagen protein.
description: EPSRC