cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transport Studies of Isolated Molecular Wires in Self-Assembled Monolayer Devices
Creators: name: Burtman, V.
name: Ndobe, A. S.
name: Vardeny, Z. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated a variety of novel molecular diodes based on self-assembled-monolayers (SAM) of solid-state mixture of molecular wires (1,4 benzene-dimethane-thiol), and molecular insulator spacers (1-pentanethiol) with different concentration ratios r of wires/spacers, which were sandwiched between two gold (Au) electrodes. We introduce two new methods borrowed from Surface Science to (i) confirm the connectivity between the benzene-dimethane-thiol molecules with the upper Au electrode, and (ii) count the number of isolated molecular wires in the devices. The electrical transport properties of the SAM diodes were studied at different temperatures via the conductance and differential conductance spectra. We found that a potential barrier caused by the spatial connectivity gap between the pentanethiol molecules and the upper Au electrode dominates the transport properties of the pure pentanethiol SAM diode (r = 0). The transport properties of molecular diodes with low r-values are dominated by the conductance of the isolated benzene-dimethane-thiol molecules in the device. We found that the temperature dependence of the molecular diodes is much weaker than that of the pure pentanethiol device indicating the importance of the benzene-dimethane-thiol simultaneous bonding to the two Au electrodes that facilitate electrical transport. From the differential conductance spectra we also found that the energy difference, Delta between the Au electrode Fermi-level and the benzene-dimethane-thiol HOMO (or LUMO) level is ~1.5 eV; whereas it is ~2.5 eV for the pentanethiol molecule. The weak temperature dependent transport that we obtained for the SSM diodes reflects the weak temperature dependence of Delta.
description: 38 p 8 Fig
Solving Puzzles in Deformed JT Gravity: Phase Transitions and Non-Perturbative Effects
Creators: name: Johnson, Clifford V.
name: Rosso, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that certain deformations of the scalar potential in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity can be written as double-scaled matrix models. However, some of the deformations exhibit an apparent breakdown of unitarity in the form of a negative spectral density at disc order. We show here that the source of the problem is the presence of a multi-valued solution of the leading order matrix model string equation. While for a class of deformations we fix the problem by identifying a first order phase transition, for others we show that the theory is both perturbatively and non-perturbatively inconsistent. Aspects of the phase structure of the deformations are mapped out, using methods known to supply a non-perturbative definition of undeformed JT gravity. Some features are in qualitative agreement with a semi-classical analysis of the phase structure of two-dimensional black holes in these deformed theories.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures. (v2: An important error was corrected, resulting in removal of a non-perturbative gap reported in v1. Refs. updated. Other minor improvements in presentation. v3: Updated to match published version.)
Perturbative Analysis of Possible Failures in the Traditional Adiabatic Conditions
Creators: name: Vértesi, T.
name: Englman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Marzlin and Sanders (2004) demonstrated an inconsistency when the adiabatic approximation was applied to specific, "inverse" time-evolving systems. Following that, Tong et al. (2005) showed that the widely used traditional adiabatic conditions are insufficient to guarantee the validity of the adiabatic approximation for this class of systems. In this article we explore the origin of these observations by a perturbative approach and find that in first order approximation certain nonzero terms appear in the solution which gives rise to the breakdown of the adiabatic approximation (despite the fact that the traditional adiabatic conditions are satisfied). We argue that in this case the Hamiltonian of Marzlin and Sanders' inverse time evolving system cannot be written in terms of t/T, where T denotes the total evolution time. It is further demonstrated that the new qualitative adiabatic condition of Ye et al. (2005) performs well in some cases when the traditional conditions fail to describe properly non-adiabatic evolution.
description: Latex file, 14 pages, no figures
AJAE Appendix: Modeling Starting Point Bias as Unobserved Heterogeneity in Contingent Valuation Surveys: An Application to Air Pollution
Creators: name: Aprahamian, Frederic
name: Chanel, Olivier
name: Luchini, Stephane
name: Aprahamian, Frederic
name: Chanel, Olivier
name: Luchini, Stephane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The material contained herein is supplementary to the article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, May 2007, Volume 89, Issue 2.
Swift-UVOT Observations of the X-Ray Flash 050406
Creators: name: Schady, P.
name: Mason, K. O.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Roming, P. W. A.
name: Still, M.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Blustin, A. J.
name: Boyd, P.
name: Cucchiara, A.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Gronwall, C.
name: De Pasquale, M.
name: Holland, S. T.
name: Marshall, F. E.
name: McGowan, K. E.
name: Nousek, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Swift-UVOT data on the optical afterglow of the X-ray flash of 2005 April 6 (XRF 050406) from 88s to \sim 10^5s after the initial prompt gamma-ray emission. Our observations in the V, B and U bands are the earliest that have been taken of an XRF optical counterpart. Combining the early -time optical temporal and spectral properties with γ- and simultaneous X-ray data taken with the BAT and XRT telescopes on-board Swift, we are able to constrain possible origins of the XRF. The prompt emission had a FRED profile (fast-rise, exponential decay) with a duration of T_90 = 5.7\pm 0.2s, putting it at the short end of the long-burst duration distribution. The absence of photoelectric absorption red-ward of 4000 Åin the UV/optical spectrum provides a firm upper limit of z\leq 3.1 on the redshift, thus excluding a high redshift as the sole reason for the soft spectrum. The optical light curve is consistent with a power-law decay with slope alpha = -0.75\pm 0.26 (F_ν\propto t^α), and a maximum occurring in the first 200s after the initial gamma-ray emission. The softness of the prompt emission is well described by an off-axis structured jet model, which is able to account for the early peak flux and shallow decay observed in the optical and X-ray bands.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ; typos corrected and upper limits in table 1 changed from background subtracted count rate in extraction region to the error associated with this
AJAE Appendix: Pareto Optimal Trade in an Uncertain World: GMOs and the Precautionary Principle
Creators: name: Chambers, Robert G.
name: Melkonyan, Tigran A.
name: Chambers, Robert G.
name: Melkonyan, Tigran A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The material contained herein is supplementary to the article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, May 2007, Volume 89, Issue 2.
Results of the 2020 fastMRI Challenge for Machine Learning MR Image Reconstruction
Creators: name: Muckley, Matthew J.
name: Riemenschneider, Bruno
name: Radmanesh, Alireza
name: Kim, Sunwoo
name: Jeong, Geunu
name: Ko, Jingyu
name: Jun, Yohan
name: Shin, Hyungseob
name: Hwang, Dosik
name: Mostapha, Mahmoud
name: Arberet, Simon
name: Nickel, Dominik
name: Ramzi, Zaccharie
name: Ciuciu, Philippe
name: Starck, Jean-Luc
name: Teuwen, Jonas
name: Karkalousos, Dimitrios
name: Zhang, Chaoping
name: Sriram, Anuroop
name: Huang, Zhengnan
name: Yakubova, Nafissa
name: Lui, Yvonne
name: Knoll, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accelerating MRI scans is one of the principal outstanding problems in the MRI research community. Towards this goal, we hosted the second fastMRI competition targeted towards reconstructing MR images with subsampled k-space data. We provided participants with data from 7,299 clinical brain scans (de-identified via a HIPAA-compliant procedure by NYU Langone Health), holding back the fully-sampled data from 894 of these scans for challenge evaluation purposes. In contrast to the 2019 challenge, we focused our radiologist evaluations on pathological assessment in brain images. We also debuted a new Transfer track that required participants to submit models evaluated on MRI scanners from outside the training set. We received 19 submissions from eight different groups. Results showed one team scoring best in both SSIM scores and qualitative radiologist evaluations. We also performed analysis on alternative metrics to mitigate the effects of background noise and collected feedback from the participants to inform future challenges. Lastly, we identify common failure modes across the submissions, highlighting areas of need for future research in the MRI reconstruction community.
description: M. J. Muckley and B. Riemenschneider contributed equally to this work. This updates to version accepted in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. It includes a rewrite of Section II.E as well as minor changes and corrections
AJAE Appendix: Dynamic Efficiency Measurement: Theory and Application
Creators: name: Stefanou, Spiro E.
name: Silva, Elvira
name: Stefanou, Spiro E.
name: Silva, Elvira
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: The material contained herein is supplementary to the article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, May 2007, Volume 89, Issue 2.
Decentralizing Feature Extraction with Quantum Convolutional Neural Network for Automatic Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Yang, Chao-Han Huck
name: Qi, Jun
name: Chen, Samuel Yen-Chi
name: Chen, Pin-Yu
name: Siniscalchi, Sabato Marco
name: Ma, Xiaoli
name: Lee, Chin-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel decentralized feature extraction approach in federated learning to address privacy-preservation issues for speech recognition. It is built upon a quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN) composed of a quantum circuit encoder for feature extraction, and a recurrent neural network (RNN) based end-to-end acoustic model (AM). To enhance model parameter protection in a decentralized architecture, an input speech is first up-streamed to a quantum computing server to extract Mel-spectrogram, and the corresponding convolutional features are encoded using a quantum circuit algorithm with random parameters. The encoded features are then down-streamed to the local RNN model for the final recognition. The proposed decentralized framework takes advantage of the quantum learning progress to secure models and to avoid privacy leakage attacks. Testing on the Google Speech Commands Dataset, the proposed QCNN encoder attains a competitive accuracy of 95.12% in a decentralized model, which is better than the previous architectures using centralized RNN models with convolutional features. We also conduct an in-depth study of different quantum circuit encoder architectures to provide insights into designing QCNN-based feature extractors. Neural saliency analyses demonstrate a correlation between the proposed QCNN features, class activation maps, and input spectrograms. We provide an implementation for future studies.
description: Accepted to IEEE ICASSP 2021. Code is available: https://github.com/huckiyang/QuantumSpeech-QCNN
AJAE Appendix: On the Relationship Between the Student Advisor Match and Early Research Productivity for Agricultural and Resource Economics Ph.D.s'
Creators: name: Hilmer, Christiana E.
name: Hilmer, Michael J.
name: Hilmer, Christiana E.
name: Hilmer, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The material contained herein is supplementary to the article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, February 2007, Volume 89, Issue 1.
Can cosmological simulations capture the diverse satellite populations of observed Milky Way analogues?
Creators: name: Font, Andreea S.
name: McCarthy, Ian G.
name: Belokurov, Vasily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent advent of deep observational surveys of local Milky Way `analogues' and their satellite populations allows us to place the Milky Way in a broader cosmological context and to test models of galaxy formation on small scales. In the present study, we use the LCDM-based ARTEMIS suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations containing 45 Milky Way analogue host haloes to make comparisons to the observed satellite luminosity functions, radial distribution functions, and abundance scaling relations from the recent Local Volume and SAGA observational surveys, in addition to the Milky Way and M31. We find that, contrary to some previous claims, LCDM-based simulations can successfully and simultaneously capture the mean trends and the diversity in both the observed luminosity and radial distribution functions of Milky Way analogues once important observational selection criteria are factored in. Furthermore, we show that, at fixed halo mass, the concentration of the simulated satellite radial distribution is partly set by that of the underlying smooth dark matter halo, although stochasticity due to the finite number of satellites is the dominant driver of scatter in the radial distribution of satellites at fixed halo mass.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Improved treatment of observational selection effects
Risk-Seeking versus Risk-Avoiding Investments in Noisy Periodic Environments
Creators: name: Barrientos, J. Emeterio Navarro
name: Walter, Frank E.
name: Schweitzer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of various agent strategies in an artificial investment scenario. Agents are equipped with a budget, $x(t)$, and at each time step invest a particular fraction, $q(t)$, of their budget. The return on investment (RoI), $r(t)$, is characterized by a periodic function with different types and levels of noise. Risk-avoiding agents choose their fraction $q(t)$ proportional to the expected positive RoI, while risk-seeking agents always choose a maximum value $q_{max}$ if they predict the RoI to be positive ("everything on red"). In addition to these different strategies, agents have different capabilities to predict the future $r(t)$, dependent on their internal complexity. Here, we compare 'zero-intelligent' agents using technical analysis (such as moving least squares) with agents using reinforcement learning or genetic algorithms to predict $r(t)$. The performance of agents is measured by their average budget growth after a certain number of time steps. We present results of extensive computer simulations, which show that, for our given artificial environment, (i) the risk-seeking strategy outperforms the risk-avoiding one, and (ii) the genetic algorithm was able to find this optimal strategy itself, and thus outperforms other prediction approaches considered.
description: 27 pp. v2 with minor corrections. See http://www.sg.ethz.ch for more info
Helping restricted Boltzmann machines with quantum-state representation by restoring symmetry
Creators: name: Nomura, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variational wave functions based on neural networks have recently started to be recognized as a powerful ansatz to represent quantum many-body states accurately. In order to show the usefulness of the method among all available numerical methods, it is imperative to investigate the performance in challenging many-body problems for which the exact solutions are not available. Here, we construct a variational wave function with one of the simplest neural networks, the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), and apply it to a fundamental but unsolved quantum spin Hamiltonian, the two-dimensional $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model on the square lattice. We supplement the RBM wave function with quantum-number projections, which restores the symmetry of the wave function and makes it possible to calculate excited states. Then, we perform a systematic investigation of the performance of the RBM. We show that, with the help of the symmetry, the RBM wave function achieves state-of-the-art accuracy both in ground-state and excited-state calculations. The study shows a practical guideline on how we achieve accuracy in a controlled manner.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for a special issue "Emerging Leaders 2020" in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Can Enhanced Diffusion Improve Helioseismic Agreement for Solar Models with Revised Abundances?
Creators: name: Guzik, J.
name: Watson, L. S.
name: Cox, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent solar photospheric abundance analyses (Asplund et al. 2004, 2005; Lodders 2003) have revised downward the C, N, O, Ne, and Ar abundances by 0.15 to 0.2 dex compared to previous determinations of Grevesse & Sauval (1998). With these revisions, the photospheric Z/X decreases to 0.0165 (0.0177 Lodders), and Z to ~0.0122 (0.0133 Lodders). A number of papers report that solar models evolved with standard opacities and diffusion treatment using these new abundances give poor agreement with helioseismic inferences. Here we explore evolved solar models with varying diffusion treatments to reduce the photospheric abundances while keeping the interior abundances about the same as earlier standard models. While enhanced diffusion improves agreement with some helioseismic constraints compared to a solar model evolved with the new abundances using nominal input physics, the required increases in thermal diffusion rates are unphysically large, and none of the variations tried restores the good agreement attained using the earlier abundances. A combination of modest opacity increases, diffusion enhancements, and abundance increases near the level of the uncertainties, while somewhat contrived, remains the most physically plausible means to restore agreement with helioseismology. The case for enhanced diffusion would be improved if the inferred convection-zone helium abundance could be reduced; we recommend reconsidering this derivation in light of new equations of state with modified abundances and other improvements. We also recommend considering, as a last resort, diluting the convection zone, which contains only 2.5% of the sun's mass, by accretion of material depleted in these more volatile elements C, N, O, Ne, & Ar after the sun arrived on the main sequence.
description: Version 2: 24 pages, 3 figures; Accepted to ApJ with omission of g-mode predictions and discussion that are included in this preprint
A primer on implementing compressed simulated annealing for the optimisation of a constrained simulation model in Microsoft Excel
Creators: name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Doole, Graeme J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This short paper provides a simple introduction on how a simulation model implemented in Microsoft Excel® can be optimised using Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming and the compressed simulated annealing algorithm (Ohlmann et al., 2004; Ohlmann and Thomas, 2007). The standard simulated annealing procedure enters as a special case. Practical advice for determining the parameters that guide the stochastic search process in an annealing algorithm is also given.
On Kiselman's semigroup
Creators: name: Kudryavtseva, Ganna
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M10; 20M05

description: We study the algebraic properties of the series $\mathrm{K}_n$ of semigroups, which is inspired by \cite{Ki} and has origins in convexity theory. In particular, we describe Green's relations on $\mathrm{K}_n$, prove that there exists a faithful representation of $\mathrm{K}_n$ by $n\times n$ matrices with non-negative integer coefficients (and even explicitly construct such a representation), and prove that $\mathrm{K}_n$ does not admit a faithful representation by matrices of smaller size. We also describe the maximal nilpotent subsemigroups in $\mathrm{K}_n$, all isolated and completely isolated subsemigroups, all automorphisms and anti-automorphisms of $\mathrm{K}_n$. Finally, we explicitly construct all irreducible representations of $\mathrm{K}_n$ over any field and describe primitive idempotents in the semigroup algebra (which we prove is basic).
description: 26 pages
PATTERNS OF HOST USE BY BROWN MARMORATED STINK BUG, HALYOMORPHA HALYS (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE), IN WOODY ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS
Creators: name: Bergmann, Erik John
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Entomology
subject: Defense free space
subject: Halyomorpha halys
subject: Host use
subject: Invasive species
subject: Ornamental plants
subject: Refractory landscapes

description: Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), an invasive pest species native to Asia was introduced to North America in the 1990’s. It has caused significant losses to a wide range of agricultural crops. H. halys is a nuisance pest invading homes and structures where it overwinters. I explore host use of H. halys on 254 cultivars of woody ornamental plants grown at commercial nurseries in Maryland. Overall, 88 host and 43 non-host cultivars were identified. Angiosperms supported greater abundances of H. halys than gymnosperms. Asian cultivars housed fewer H. halys than non-Asian cultivars. This trend was strongest in Acer, Ulmus, and Pyrus. Plants native to the invaded realm appear at greater risk to invasive pests than plants in the invaders aboriginal realm. Identifying cultivars most used and least used by H. halys enables growers to sell refractory cultivars making landscapes less supportive to H. halys and more sustainable.
Interlaced dense point and absolutely continuous spectra for Hamiltonians with concentric-shell singular interactions
Creators: name: Exner, P.
name: Fraas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81V99

description: We analyze the spectrum of the generalized Schrodinger operator in $L^2(R^ν) ν\geq 2$, with a general local, rotationally invariant singular interaction supported by an infinite family of concentric, equidistantly spaced spheres. It is shown that the essential spectrum consists of interlaced segments of the dense point and absolutely continuous character, and that the relation of their lengths at high energies depends on the choice of the interaction parameters; generically the p.p. component is asymptotically dominant. We also show that for $ν=2$ there is an infinite family of eigenvalues below the lowest band.
description: LaTeX, 18 pages
Ahrens, Theodor, Hollenweger, Walter J.: Volkschristentum und Volksreligion im Pazifik
Creators: name: Gensichen, Hans-Werner
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 2
title: Process and utility systems integration and optimisation for ultra-low energy milk powder production
Creators: name: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon
name: Atkins, Martin John
name: Walmsley, Michael R. W.
name: Philipp, Matthias
name: Peesel, Ron-Hendrik
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: process integration
subject: milk powder
subject: total site
subject: process modelling
subject: 333
subject: 670
subject: Trockenmilch
subject: Produktionsorganisation
subject: Prozessmanagement
subject: Prozessmodell
subject: Wärme
subject: Energieeffizienz

description: This is a revised manuscript of the article "Process and utility systems integration and optimisation for ultra-low energy milk powder production". The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.142
Quiescent Radio Emission from Southern Late-type M Dwarfs and a Spectacular Radio Flare from the M8 Dwarf DENIS 1048-3956
Creators: name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Putman, Mary E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a radio monitoring program conducted at the Australia Telescope Compact Array to search for quiescent and flaring emission from seven nearby Southern late-type M and L dwarfs. Two late-type M dwarfs, the M7 V LHS 3003 and the M8 V DENIS 1048-3956, were detected in quiescent emission at 4.80 GHz. The observed emission is consistent with optically thin gyrosynchrotron emission from mildly relativistic (~1-10 keV) electrons with source densities n_e ~ 10 G magnetic fields. DENIS 1048-3956 was also detected in two spectacular, short-lived flares, one at 4.80 GHz (peak f_nu = 6.0+/-0.8 mJy) and one at 8.64 GHz (peak f_nu = 29.6+/-1.0 mJy) approximately 10 minutes later. The high brightness temperature (T_B >~ 10^13 K), short emission period (~4-5 minutes), high circular polarization (~100%), and apparently narrow spectral bandwidth of these events imply a coherent emission process in a region of high electron density (n_e ~ 10^11-10^12 cm^-3) and magnetic field strength (B ~ 1 kG). If the two flare events are related, the apparent frequency drift in the emission suggests that the emitting source either moved into regions of higher electron or magnetic flux density; or was compressed, e.g., by twisting field lines or gas motions. The quiescent fluxes from the radio-emitting M dwarfs violate the Gudel-Benz empirical radio/X-ray relations, confirming a trend previously noted by Berger et al. (abridged)
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Investment in Water Saving Technology on Horticultural Farms
Creators: name: Mallawaarachchi, Thilak
name: Hall, Nigel H.
name: Phillips, Brian
name: Mallawaarachchi, Thilak
name: Hall, Nigel H.
name: Phillips, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: A long run programming model for analysing investment behaviour on perennial crop farms is formulated and applied to citrus and wine grape producing farms in the Murumbidgee Irrigation Area. Prices and technological parameters are defined exogenously, while the optimal replanting pattern of the crops and the optimal mix of irrigation techniques are determined endogenously. The model is used to examine likely investment in water saving irrigation technology at different crop prices and input costs. The results indicate that such investment is a profitable option at current water charges, particularly for those farmers with access to off-farm employment However, the adoption decision will be highly sensitive to potential cost savings. Water-saving technology could become more attractive under higher water charges, but only if the preferred option of farm expansion were not available. The modelling framework, which allows for control over many factors influencing perennial crop investment decisions' has applications in the analysis of the long term consequences of many policy options affecting farm yields or prices.
A Methodology for Determining the Fire Performance Equivalency Amongst Similar Materials During a Full-scale Fire Scenario Based on Bench-scale Testing
Creators: name: Lannon, Chad Michael
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Fire Modeling
subject: Flame Heat Flux
subject: Reconstructive Fire Testing
subject: Room Corner Test
subject: ThermaKin
subject: Upward Flame Spread

description: A methodology was developed for determining the equivalency amongst materials during a full-scale fire scenario.  This procedure utilizes milligram-scale and or bench-scale tests to obtain the effective physical and chemical properties of individual materials through an optimization procedure.  A flame heat feedback model was developed for corner-wall flame spread and implemented into a two-dimensional pyrolysis model, ThermaKin2D.  ThermaKin2D was utilized to simulate upward flame spread during the room corner test.  A criterion was created that determines the fire performance of similar materials during this full-scale fire scenario and compares how each material performed relative to one another.  A fire investigator will be able to better select materials for their reconstructive fire test based on the modeled full-scale fire performance of candidate materials compared to the exemplar material found during the fire investigation. Overall, this procedure is expected to improve a fire investigator’s ability to perform accurate reconstructive fire tests.
Water Allocation and Supply Reliability in the Murrumbidgee Valley
Creators: name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Musgrave, Warren F.
name: Bryant, Mike
name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Musgrave, Warren F.
name: Bryant, Mike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The objective of this study is to determine the average annual income and income variance of alternative irrigation water allocations and associated supply reliabilities in the Murrumbidgee Valley. Traditionally, water supply authorities have aimed to supply irrigators with their full allocations in all but the most severe drought years. This means that a substantial amount of water is held in storage as a reserve and in most years it is not utilised for irrigation or other, including environmental, purposes. In a climate where maximum economic returns for resources are required, water supply authorities are now reconsidering this policy of high reliability with a view to expanding water use for agricultural and environmental purposes. This study uses linear programming, combined with a hydrology simulation model developed by the NSW Department of Water Resources, to analyse various water allocation scenarios for irrigation and their associated supply reliabilities over a 99 year simulation period. The results of the study indicate which levels of water allocation and supply reliability increase regional net income and lead to changes in revenue variance. Depending on society's tradeoff preference for income and income variance, an optimal water allocation and supply reliability can be determined.
Survey tool_island destinations
Creators: name: Leon, Carmelo J.
name: Galindo, Carmen Garcia
name: Gonzalez, Yen E. Lam
name: Hernandez, Matias M González
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: discrete choice experiments
economic valuation
climate change

description: In order to elicitate the value of the climate change policies at island destinations, a total of 2,528 tourists were interviewed at 10 different islands destinations using this survey model: Azores, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Crete, Cyprus, Fehmarn Island, Madeira, Malta, Martinique & Guadeloupe (Antilles) and Sicily. Tourists were randomly chosen, but they were screened to be adults (18 years old or more), should had stayed at least one night at the island, and should have completed at least half of their stay. The survey work took place at both weekdays and weekends days to capture all groups of tourists. Respondents were posed with choice scenarios in which two alternative sets of adaptation policies to climate change impacts were presented, and they were asked to choose between one of the options for which they had to pay an extra price per day during their stay, or the alternative of “no policy option” (at price 0 €). Each policy proposal was designed to address one of the climate change impacts identified in WP3 for the tourism sector in EU islands. These policies were described with the aid of words and images, and were said that they were to be implemented at the destinations with the aim to ameliorate climate change impacts. The survey also gathers information on the socio -economic profile of the respondents as wells as their perception of the island visited.
Intercomponent entanglement entropy and spectrum in binary Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Yoshino, Takumi
name: Furukawa, Shunsuke
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement entropy and spectrum between components in binary Bose-Einstein condensates in $d$ spatial dimensions. We employ effective field theory to show that the entanglement spectrum exhibits an anomalous square-root dispersion relation in the presence of an intercomponent tunneling (a Rabi coupling) and a gapped dispersion relation in its absence. These spectral features are associated with the emergence of long-range interactions in terms of the superfluid velocity and the particle density in the entanglement Hamiltonian. Our results demonstrate that unusual long-range interactions can be emulated in a subsystem of multicomponent BECs that have only short-range interactions. We also find that for a finite Rabi coupling the entanglement entropy exhibits a volume-law scaling with subleading logarithmic corrections originating from the Nambu-Goldstone mode and the symmetry restoration for a finite volume.
description: 15 pages
The impact of QCD plasma instabilities on bottom-up thermalization
Creators: name: Bodeker, Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QCD plasma instabilities, caused by an anisotropic momentum distributions of the particles in the plasma, are likely to play an important role in thermalization in heavy ion collisions. We consider plasmas with two different components of particles, one strongly anisotropic and one isotropic or nearly isotropic. The isotropic component does not eliminate instabilities but it decreases their growth rates. We investigate the impact of plasma instabilities on the first stage of the ``bottom-up'' thermalization scenario in which such a two-component plasma emerges, and find that even in the case of non-abelian saturation instabilities qualitatively change the bottom-up picture.
description: 12 pages, latex, one typo corrected, several minor changes in the abstract and the text, to appear in JHEP
Rheological and Ultimate Strength Properties of Cohesive Soils
Creators: name: Scott, Gordon D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1969
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: In recent years, there have been considerable advances made in rheological theory and its application to various materials. There has not been, however, nearly as much work done toward applying rheology to soil mechanics as the successes of others would seem to indicate. For instance, it has been shown that a variety of stress and deflection problems considering the application of a load by means of an elastic plate to an elastic foundation can be extended to include rate effects through the application of linear viscoelastic theory. Before this theory can be applied to foundation design, however, two questions must be answered: 1) do soils generally conform to linear viscoelastic behavior? and 2) how can the design parameters be determined? A better knowledge of the long-term deformation properties of cohesive soils also would be invaluable in the analysis of the stability of slopes. For example, it has been determined from creep tests that, at loads less than those required to cause failure in triaxial shear tests, failure may occur after an extended period of loading.
Land Salinisation, Waterlogging and the Agricultural Benefits of a Surface Drainage Scheme in Benerembah Irrigation District
Creators: name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Marshall, Graham R.
name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Marshall, Graham R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Soil salinisation and waterlogging are significant problems in the Irrigation Areas and Districts of southern New South Wales. Various actions can be taken at either a regional or farm level to alleviate these problems. District surface drainage, sub-surface drainage, pumping from deep aquifers and changes to water pricing policies are regional options, while possible on-farm options include laser controlled landforming, pumping groundwater from shallow aquifers, recycling drainage water, changes to crops and rotations and the adoption of improved irrigation systems. The purpose of this study was to analyse the agricultural benefits of a surface drainage scheme proposed for an Irrigation District in the Murrumbidgee Valley. The objective of the analysis was to determine overa 30 year period the change in present value of district net farm income anributable to the surface drainage scheme. The study differed from other economic assessments of the losses due to salinity and waterlogging in that it accounted for farmers' adjustment processes. A regional linear programming model was developed which determined the optimal mix of agricultural activities in any year, subject to the level of soil salinity and waterlogging.
EC Agricultural Policy in 1991-92: CAP Reform Constrained by GATT Negotiations
Creators: name: Manegold, Dirk
name: Manegold, Dirk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The article reviews recent developments in European Community (EC) agricultural markets and in the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). In particular, the process of shaping CAP reform is extensively documented and commented on. It is seen as a means not so much to comply with national economic and external political requirements, but rather to continue agricultural protection for internal political reasons and to attempt to impose the Community's new position on the ongoing General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GA 11) negotiation of the Uruguay Round. With regard to the latter, attention is paid to the GATT questionnaire (Dunkel paper) and to the EC's response. Finally, new developments in the process of European integration (Single Market, EC enlargement, European Monetary Union) are summarised in view of some broad impacts on EC agriculture and food industries.
Enabling Large-Scale Condensed-Phase Hybrid Density Functional Theory Based $Ab$ $Initio$ Molecular Dynamics II: Extensions to the Isobaric-Isoenthalpic and Isobaric-Isothermal Ensembles
Creators: name: Ko, Hsin-Yu
name: Santra, Biswajit
name: DiStasio, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the previous paper of this series [JCTC 2020, 16, 3757], we presented a theoretical and algorithmic framework based on a localized representation of the occupied space that exploits the inherent sparsity in the real-space evaluation of the EXX interaction in finite-gap systems. This was accompanied by a detailed description of exx, a massively parallel hybrid MPI/OpenMP implementation of this approach in Quantum ESPRESSO that enables linear-scaling hybrid DFT based AIMD in the NVE/NVT ensembles of condensed-phase systems containing 500--1000 atoms (in fixed orthorhombic cells) with a wall time cost comparable to semi-local DFT. In this work, we extend exx to enable hybrid DFT based AIMD of large-scale condensed-phase systems with general and fluctuating cells in the NpH/NpT ensembles. Our theoretical extension includes an analytical derivation of the EXX contribution to the stress tensor for systems in general cells with a computational complexity that scales linearly with system size. The corresponding algorithmic extensions to exx include optimized routines that: (i) handle static/fluctuating cells with non-orthogonal lattice symmetries, (ii) solve Poisson's equation in general cells via an automated selection of the auxiliary grid directions in the Natan-Kronik representation of the discrete Laplacian operator, and (iii) evaluate the EXX contribution to the stress tensor. We also critically assess the computational performance of the extended exx module across several different HPC architectures via case studies on ice Ih, II, and III as well as ambient liquid water. We find that the extended exx can evaluate the EXX contribution to the stress tensor with negligible cost (< 1%) and remains highly scalable, thereby bringing us another step closer to routinely performing hybrid DFT based AIMD for large-scale condensed-phase systems across a wide range of thermodynamic conditions.
description: 30 pages and 5 figures
Large-Scale Velocity Structures in the Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster
Creators: name: Fleenor, M. C.
name: Rose, J. A.
name: Christiansen, W. A.
name: Hunstead, R. W.
name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Drinkwater, M. J.
name: Saunders, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 547 optical redshifts obtained for galaxies in the region of the Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster (HRS) using the 6dF multi-fiber spectrograph on the UK Schmidt Telescope at the Anglo Australian Observatory. The HRS covers an area of more than 12deg x 12deg on the sky centered at approximately RA = 03h19m, DEC = -50deg 02amin. Our 6dF observations concentrate upon the inter-cluster regions of the HRS, from which we describe four primary results. First, the HRS spans at least the redshift range from 17,000 to 22,500 km s^-1. Second, the overdensity of galaxies in the inter-cluster regions of the HRS in this redshift range is estimated to be 2.4, or del rho/ rho ~ 1.4. Third, we find a systematic trend of increasing redshift along a Southeast-Northwest (SE-NW) spatial axis in the HRS, in that the mean redshift of HRS members increases by more than 1500 km s^-1 from SE to NW over a 12 deg region. Fourth, the HRS is bi-modal in redshift with a separation of ~ 2500 km s^-1 (35 Mpc) between the higher and lower redshift peaks. This fact is particularly evident if the above spatial-redshift trend is fitted and removed. In short, the HRS appears to consist of two components in redshift space, each one exhibiting a similar systematic spatial-redshift trend along a SE-NW axis. Lastly, we compare these results from the HRS with the Shapley supercluster and find similar properties and large-scale features.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, accepted to AJ
Microlensing Predictions: Impact of Galactic Disc Dynamical Models
Creators: name: Yang, Hongjing
name: Mao, Shude
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: Zhang, Xiangyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic model plays an important role in the microlensing field, not only for analyses of individual events but also for statistics of the ensemble of events. However, the Galactic models used in the field varies, and some are unrealistically simplified. Here we tested three Galactic disc dynamic models, the first is a simple standard model that was widely used in this field, whereas the other two consider the radial dependence of the velocity dispersion, and in the last model, the asymmetric drift. We found that for a typical lens mass $M_{\rm L}=0.5M_{\odot}$, the two new dynamical models predict $\sim16\%$ or $\sim5\%$ less long-timescale events (e.g., microlensing timescale $t_{\rm E}>300$ days) and $\sim 5\%$ and $\sim 3.5\%$ more short-timescale events ($t_{\rm E}<3$ days) than the standard model. Moreover, the microlensing event rate as a function of Einstein radius $θ_{\rm E}$ or microlensing parallax $π_{\rm E}$ also shows some model dependence (a few percent). The two new models also have an impact on the total microlensing event rate. This result will also to some degree affect the Bayesian analysis of individual events, but overall, the impact is small. However, we still recommend that modelers should be more careful when choosing the Galactic model, especially in statistical works involving Bayesian analyses of a large number of events. Additionally, we find the asymptotic power-law behaviors in both $θ_{\rm E}$ and $π_{\rm E}$ distributions, and we provide a simple model to understand them.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. The paper has been significantly revised in the latest version
Braiding and all quantum operations with Majorana modes in 1D
Creators: name: Kornich, Viktoriia
name: Huang, Xiaoli
name: Repin, Evgeny
name: Nazarov, Yuli V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to perform braiding and all other unitary operations with Majorana modes in 1D that, in contrast to previous proposals, is solely based on resonant manipulation involving the first excited state extended over the modes. The detection of the population of the excited state also enables initialization and read-out. We provide an elaborated illustration of the scheme with a concrete device.
Molecular gas in QSO host galaxies
Creators: name: Bertram, T.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Krips, M.
name: Straubmeier, C.
name: Fischer, S.
name: Staguhn, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a survey for CO line emission from a sample of nearby QSO hosts taken from the Hamburg/ESO survey (HES) and the Veron-Cetty and Veron quasar catalogue. From a total of 39 observed sources we clearly detected 5 objects with >10sigma signals (HE 0108-4743, HE 0224-2834, J035818.7-612407, HE 1029-1831, HE 2211-3903). Further 6 sources show marginal detections on the 2sigma level.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to "QSO Hosts: Evolution and Environment", P.D. Barthel, D.B. Sanders, eds., August 2005, Leiden University (The Netherlands), New Astr. Rev