cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics : interplay of disorder, interactions and confinement
Creators: name: Schulz, Maximilian
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: The study of collective behaviour in many-body systems often explores fundamentally new ideas absent from the mere constituents of such a system. A paradigmatic model for these studies is the spin-1/2 XXZ chain and its fermionic equivalent. This thesis can be broadly divided into the study of two fundamental aspects of this model. Firstly, we discuss localisation phenomena in one dimensional lattices as often experimentally realised in cold atom systems. Secondly, we investigate how disorder and symmetry influence heat transport in spin chains. More specifically, in the first part we consider a system of non-interacting fermions in one dimension subject to a single-particle potential consisting of a strong optical lattice, a harmonic trap, and uncorrelated on-site disorder. We investigate a global inhomogeneous quantum quench and present numerical and analytical results for static and dynamical properties. We show that the approach to the non-thermal equilibrium state is extremely slow and that it implies a sensitivity to disorder parametrically stronger than that expected from Anderson localisation. We also consider the above system in a strong non-uniform electric field. In the non-interacting case, due to Wannier-Stark localisation, the single-particle wave functions are exponentially localised without quenched disorder. We show that this system remains localised in the presence of nearest-neighbour interactions and exhibits physics analogous to models of conventional many-body localisation. The second part explores the hydrodynamics of the disordered XYZ spin chain. Using time-evolving block decimation on open chains of up to 400 spins attached to thermal baths, we probe the energy transport of this system. Our principal findings are as follows. For weak disorder there is a stable diffusive region that persists up to a critical disorder strength that depends on the XY anisotropy. Then, for disorder strengths above this critical value energy transport becomes increasingly subdiffusive.
Macrocyclic Hamilton receptor-shuttling dynamics in [2]rotaxanes
Creators: name: Douarre, Maxime
name: Martí-Centelles, Vicente
name: Rossy, Cybille
name: Tron, Arnaud
name: Pianet, Isabelle
name: McClenaghan, Nathan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inherent movement of a macrocycle comprising a multi-site hydrogen bonding Hamilton-type receptor in a series of [2]rotaxanes was investigated by dynamic and VT NMR. In these rotaxanes the varying nature and number of hydrogen-bond motifs and stations on the molecular axles influenced ring dynamics. Triazole stations interact selectively by hydrogen bonding with the isophthalamide amide bonds present in the Hamilton macrocycle and fast shuttling (72 kHz at 25 °C) was observed in a two station variant.
description: 5 figures; Supporting information appended
Reconfigurable neuromorphic synapse interconnects with TFTs
Creators: name: Genoe, Jan
name: P. Raghavan
name: Z. Tokei
name: F. Catthoor
name: Soeren Steudel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Every neuron in a human brain is connected via its synapses to 10-15.000 other neurons. Those connections can over time be reconfigured allowing new connections with any other neuron. But only few of the longer connections are concurrently active. BEOL TFT should enable large scale reconfigurable interconnect that allows to connect every neuron with every neuron even across the whole neuromorphic IC but with only limited amount of them concurrently active.
description: Proc. 46th Europ. Solid-state Device Conf.(ESSDERC), Lausanne, Switzerland
Time series analysis using deep feedforward neural networks
Creators: name: Turner, Jeffrey Thomas
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Deep Learning
EEG
Machine Learning
Neural Network
Seizure
Time Series

description: Deep neural networks can be used for abstraction and as a preprocessing step for other machine learning classifiers. Our goal was to develop methods for a more accurate automated seizure detection. Deep architectures have been used for classification of events, and shown in this research to be an effective way of classifying multichannel high resolution medical data. The medical data used in this thesis was gathered from an electroencephalograph (EEG) used in a hospital setting on seizure patients. To demonstrate the ability of deep architectures to learn and abstract from input data, the signals from the EEG that contained both seizure and non seizure data were given both as featurized data and raw data to the deep architecture. In addition to the multiple types of data preparation, a patients EEG data was tested not only against their own EEG signal training data but other patients as well. This study supports the effectiveness of deep feed forward neural networks for usage in the seizure classification scenario, as well as highlights some of the difficulties associated with training deep neural networks, as shown through experimental results.
title: Databank and Data archive licences
title: Datapankin ja Data-arkiston lisenssit
titleType: Other
Creators: name: University of Helsinki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: These are the custom licences for the University of Helsinki Databank and Data archive services. Link to the Databank and Data archive website.
description: Nämä ovat Helsingin yliopiston Datapankin ja Data-arkiston lisenssit. Linkki Datapankin ja Data-arkiston verkkosivuille.
GDPR & Ethical Issues with Social Media Data
Creators: name: Weller, Katrin
name: Watteler, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This presentation was held as part of the SSHOC DARIAH Train-the-trainer RDM Bootcamp held in February 2021 (see Zenodo community sshocdariahtrainerrdmbootcamp) This upload contains the slides of the Introduction presentation for the session "Intro_GDPR & Ethical Issues with Social Media Data" Data that can be collected from social media and other web platforms are currently being used as a new type of research data across academic disciplines, for example, to study online communication or to learn about users’ behavior or opinions. While the corresponding research area is growing, a lot of questions also about research methods and potential standards are arising, e.g., about representativeness and reproducibility. But discussions also increasingly focus on concerns about research ethics and data protection. A lot of this is work in progress and only a few standards or best practices for research designs or for documenting and sharing this type of research data exist. In this session, some of the key challenges related to questions of research ethics with a focus on data protection concerns in the area of social media as research data will be introduced. The session aims at providing some first insights for participants about critical questions when working with this new type of research data and point out useful resources as references.
Verifying a self-timed division chip
Creators: name: Ono-Tesfaye, Tarik
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The formal verification of asynchronous circuits is challenging, because they often have non-deterministic timing relations between circuit components. This thesis presents a formal proof strategy for verifying the correctness of a dual-rail, asynchronous divider chip. For that purpose, this thesis will extend timing verification techniques that were originally developed for combinational logic to apply to dual-rail, self-timed designs. The proof strategy is refinement based and employs four progressively more detailed models of the divider. Key safety properties are first established for the abstract models using model checking. These properties are then shown to hold for the more detailed models by verifying refinement between adjacent levels in the model hierarchy.
The Comparative Affective Impact of Participation in a Peer-Based Writing Fellows Program on Native and Non-Native English Speakers
Creators: name: Gallagher, Mary Jessica
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: curriculum-based peer tutor
english as a second language
non-native English speaker
writing
writing fellows

description: University instructors have limited time and expertise to address cognitive and affective hurdles which influence the writing quality of non-native English speakers (NNES). This mixed-methods study relies on qualitative and quantitative data to investigate the potential of a curriculum-embedded peer tutoring program, Writing Fellows (WFs), as an intervention to sustainably scaffold the writing processes of NNES and multilingual students. Results indicate that the NNES and multilingual participants started with more efficacious writing-related attitudes, but still experienced significant improvement in overall writing-related attitudes (both groups), confidence (multilinguals only), and reliance on writing processes (NNES only) over the intervention period. No change was observed in native English speaking or monolingual students. Additionally, qualitative evaluations of the second drafts of three disparate NNES students suggested improvement in writing quality. These findings present some compelling evidence that a WFs program can positively influence both the writing attitudes and quality of NNES students.
Dilaton Coupled Quintessence Model in the $ω-ω'$ Plane
Creators: name: Huang, Z. G.
name: Lu, H. Q.
name: Fang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we regard dilaton in Weyl-scaled induced gravitational theory as a coupled quintessence. Based on this consideration, we investigate the dilaton coupled quintessence(DCQ) model in $ω-ω'$ plane, which is defined by the equation of state parameter for the dark energy and its derivative with respect to $N$(the logarithm of the scale factor $a$). We find the scalar field equation of motion in $ω-ω'$ plane, and show mathematically the property of attractor solutions which correspond to $ω_σ\sim-1$, $Ω_σ=1$. Finally, we find that our model is a tracking one which belongs to "freezing" type model classified in $ω-ω'$ plane.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, some references added
Simulations of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations I: Growth of Large-Scale Density Fluctuations
Creators: name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Yoshida, Naoki
name: Matsubara, Takahiko
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
name: Kayo, Issha
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Shirata, Akihito
name: Taruya, Atsushi
name: Saito, Shun
name: Yahata, Kazuhiro
name: Suto, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We critically examine how well the evolution of large-scale density perturbations is followed in cosmological $N$-body simulations. We first run a large volume simulation and perform a mode-by-mode analysis in three-dimensional Fourier space. We show that the growth of large-scale fluctuations significantly deviates from linear theory predictions. The deviations are caused by {\it nonlinear} coupling with a small number of modes at largest scales owing to finiteness of the simulation volume. We then develop an analytic model based on second-order perturbation theory to quantify the effect. Our model accurately reproduces the simulation results. For a single realization, the second-order effect appears typically as ``zig-zag'' patterns around the linear-theory prediction, which imprints artificial ``oscillations'' that lie on the real baryon-acoustic oscillations. Although an ensemble average of a number of realizations approaches the linear theory prediction, the dispersions of the realizations remain large even for a large simulation volume of several hundred megaparsecs on a side. For the standard $Λ$CDM model, the deviations from linear growth rate are as large as 10 percent for a simulation volume with $L = 500h^{-1}$Mpc and for a bin width in wavenumber of $Δk = 0.005h$Mpc$^{-1}$, which are comparable to the intrinsic variance of Gaussian random realizations. We find that the dispersions scales as $\propto L^{-3/2} Δk^{-1/2}$ and that the mean dispersion amplitude can be made smaller than a percent only if we use a very large volume of $L > 2h^{-1}$Gpc. The finite box size effect needs to be appropriately taken into account when interpreting results from large-scale structure simulations for future dark energy surveys using baryon acoustic oscillations.
description: references added, minor changes
Prompt emission spectra from the photosphere of a GRB
Creators: name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explore the observational appearance of the photosphere of an ultrarelativistic flow with internal dissipation of energy (``dissipative'' GRB models). As a case study, I use the magnetic reconnection model (AC model) that makes robust predictions on the energy dissipation rates at different radii in the flow. With analytical and numerical tools for the radiative transfer problem, I show that the flow develops a hot photosphere where inverse Compton scattering leads to highly non-thermal spectra. For a wide range of luminosities and baryon loadings of the flow, this spectrum is very close to the observed prompt GRB emission. Its luminosity ranges from ~3 to 20% of that of the total energy input.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in A&A
Galaxy spin direction distribution in HST and SDSS show similar large-scale asymmetry
Creators: name: Shamir, Lior
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent observations using large datasets of galaxies showed non-random distribution of the spin directions of spiral galaxies, even when the galaxies are too far from each other to have gravitational interaction. Here, a dataset of $\sim8.7\cdot10^3$ spiral galaxies imaged by Hubble Space Telescope is used to test and profile a possible asymmetry between galaxy spin directions. The asymmetry between galaxies with opposite spin directions is compared to the asymmetry of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The two datasets contain different galaxies at different redshift ranges, and each dataset was annotated using a different annotation method. The results show that both datasets show a similar asymmetry in the COSMOS field, which is covered by both telescopes. Fitting the asymmetry of the galaxies to cosine dependence shows a dipole axis with probabilities of $\sim2.8σ$ and $\sim7.38σ$ in HST and SDSS, respectively. The most likely dipole axis identified in the HST galaxies is at $(α=78^o,δ=47^o)$, and is well within the $1σ$ error range compared to the location of the most likely dipole axis in the SDSS galaxies with $z>0.15$, identified at $(α=71^o,δ=61^o)$.
description: PASA, accepted
Cosmic shear analysis of archival HST/ACS data: I. Comparison of early ACS pure parallel data to the HST/GEMS Survey
Creators: name: Schrabback, T.
name: Erben, T.
name: Simon, P.
name: Miralles, J. -M.
name: Schneider, P.
name: Heymans, C.
name: Eifler, T.
name: Fosbury, R. A. E.
name: Freudling, W.
name: Hetterscheidt, M.
name: Hildebrandt, H.
name: Pirzkal, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first paper of a series describing our measurement of weak lensing by large-scale structure using archival observations from the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). In this work we present results from a pilot study testing the capabilities of the ACS for cosmic shear measurements with early parallel observations and presenting a re-analysis of HST/ACS data from the GEMS survey and the GOODS observations of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). We describe our new correction scheme for the time-dependent ACS PSF based on observations of stellar fields. This is currently the only technique which takes the full time variation of the PSF between individual ACS exposures into account. We estimate that our PSF correction scheme reduces the systematic contribution to the shear correlation functions due to PSF distortions to < 2*10^{-6} for galaxy fields containing at least 10 stars. We perform a number of diagnostic tests indicating that the remaining level of systematics is consistent with zero for the GEMS and GOODS data confirming the success of our PSF correction scheme. For the parallel data we detect a low level of remaining systematics which we interpret to be caused by a lack of sufficient dithering of the data. Combining the shear estimate of the GEMS and GOODS observations using 96 galaxies arcmin^{-2} with the photometric redshift catalogue of the GOODS-MUSIC sample, we determine a local single field estimate for the mass power spectrum normalisation sigma_{8,CDFS}=0.52^{+0.11}_{-0.15} (stat) +/- 0.07 (sys) (68% confidence assuming Gaussian cosmic variance) at fixed Omega_m=0.3 for a LambdaCDM cosmology. We interpret this exceptionally low estimate to be due to a local under-density of the foreground structures in the CDFS.
description: Version accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics with 28 pages, 25 figures. A version with full resolution figures can be downloaded from http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~schrabba/papers/cosmic_shear_acs1_v2.pdf
Non-Dissipative Non-Hermitian Dynamics and Exceptional Points in Coupled Optical Parametric Oscillators
Creators: name: Roy, Arkadev
name: Jahani, Saman
name: Guo, Qiushi
name: Dutt, Avik
name: Fan, Shanhui
name: Miri, Mohammad-Ali
name: Marandi, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineered non-Hermitian systems featuring exceptional points can lead to a host of extraordinary phenomena in diverse fields ranging from photonics, acoustics, opto-mechanics, electronics, to atomic physics. Here we introduce and present non-Hermitian dynamics of coupled optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) arising from phase-sensitive amplification and de-amplification, and show their distinct advantages over conventional non-Hermitian systems relying on laser gain and loss. OPO-based non-Hermitian systems can benefit from the instantaneous nature of the parametric gain, noiseless phase-sensitive amplification, and rich quantum and classical nonlinear dynamics. We show that two coupled OPOs can exhibit spectral anti-PT symmetry and an exceptional point between its degenerate and non-degenerate operation regimes. To demonstrate the distinct potentials of the coupled OPO system compared to conventional non-Hermitian systems, we present higher-order exceptional points with two OPOs, tunable Floquet exceptional points in a reconfigurable dynamic non-Hermitian system, and generation of squeezed vacuum around exceptional points, all of which are not easy to realize in other non-Hermitian platforms. Our results show that coupled OPOs are an outstanding non-Hermitian setting with unprecedented opportunities in realizing nonlinear dynamical systems for enhanced sensing and quantum information processing.
How Silicon and Boron Dopants Govern the Cryogenic Scintillation Properties of N-type GaAs
Creators: name: Derenzo, Stephen
name: Bourret, Edith
name: Frank-Rotsch, Christiane
name: Hanrahan, Stephen
name: Garcia-Sciveresa, Maurice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the first report describing how the concentrations of silicon and boron govern the cryogenic scintillation properties of n-type GaAs. It shows that valence band holes are promptly trapped on radiative centers and then combine radiatively with silicon donor band electrons at rates that increase with the density of free carriers. It also presents the range of silicon and boron concentrations needed for efficient light emission under X-ray excitation, which along with its low band gap and apparent absence of afterglow, make scintillating GaAs suitable for the detection of rare, low-energy electronic excitations from interacting dark matter particles. A total of 29 samples from four different suppliers were studied. Luminosities and timing responses were measured for the four principal emission bands centered at 860, 930, 1070, and 1335 nm, and for the total emissions. Excitation pulses of 40 kVp X-rays were provided by a light-excited X-ray tube driven by an ultra-fast laser. Scintillation emissions from 800 to 1350 nm were measured using an InGaAs photomultiplier. Within the concentration ranges of free carriers from 2 x 10^16/cm3 to 6 x 10^17/cm3 and boron from 1.5 x 10^18/cm3 to 6 x 10^18/cm3, nine samples have luminosities > 70 photons/keV and two have luminosities > 110 photons/keV. Other samples in that range have lower luminosities due to higher concentrations of non-radiative centers. The decay times decrease by typically a factor of ten with increasing free carrier concentrations from 10^17/cm3 to 2 x 10^18/cm3.
description: Accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, December 2020. 23 pages, 10 tables, 12 figures
III-V Semiconductor Nanostructures for Photoelectochemical Water Splitting
Creators: name: Narangari, Parvathala
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: The desire for the development of renewable energy technologies is ever growing to sustain global socio-economic growth and meet future technological developments due to declining fossil fuel reserves and growing environmental concerns of their by-products. Although photovoltaics is well established as a renewable technology to generate clean energy, it is intermittent in nature and hence storing solar energy for short and long-term applications is still challenging. Hydrogen generation via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is one of the promising routes to secure a sustainable, green, storable and portable form of energy. III-V semiconductors have gained intense research interest for PEC water splitting applications owing to their outstanding properties such as variable band gaps to capture the entire solar spectrum, high absorption coefficients and high crystalline quality. In addition, nanostructures possess several essential attributes towards achieving efficient water splitting such as enhanced light absorption, reduced carrier transfer length and large surface area. This thesis report on GaN and InP nanopillar (NP) photoelectrodes fabricated using a top-down approach for PEC water splitting. This work involves the fabrication of large area GaN and InP NPs using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching of the respective wafers masked by a self-organized random mask technique, followed by a study of their PEC performance. NP photoelectrodes exhibited a remarkable improvement in PEC performance compared to their planar counterparts due to the enhanced absorption and increased semiconductor/electrolyte interface area. The PEC performance of the GaN NP photoanodes was shown to be influenced by doping concentration, NP dimensions such as diameter and length, and band gap engineering of the GaN NPs. The PEC performance of the InP NPs was strongly dependent on the surface damage of NPs, which was eliminated by wet treatment of the NPs in sulfur-oleylamine (S-OA) solution. Finally, long-term photo-stability was demonstrated for both NP photoelectrodes.
Born-Infeld Type Phantom Model in the $ω-ω'$ Plane
Creators: name: Huang, Z. G.
name: Li, X. H.
name: Sun, Q. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of Born-Infeld(B-I) phantom model in the $ω-ω'$ plane, which is defined by the equation of state parameter for the dark energy and its derivative with respect to $N$(the logarithm of the scale factor $a$). We find the scalar field equation of motion in $ω-ω'$ plane, and show mathematically the property of attractor solutions which correspond to $ω_ϕ\sim-1$, $Ω_ϕ=1$, which avoid the "Big rip" problem and meets the current observations well.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, some references added
Evidence for transient atmospheres during eruptive outgassing on the Moon
Creators: name: van Kooten, Elishevah
name: Moynier, Frédéric
name: Day, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Events following the giant impact formation of the Moon are thought to have led to volatile depletion and concurrent mass-dependent fractionation of the isotopes of moderately volatile elements (MVE). The detailed processes and conditions surrounding this episode remain obscured and are not unified by a single model for all volatile elements and compounds. Using available data, including new Zn isotope data for eight lunar samples, we demonstrate that the isotopic fractionation of MVE in the Moon is best expressed by non-ideal Rayleigh distillation, approaching the fractionation factor α using the reduced masses of the evaporated isotopologues. With these calculations a best fit for the data is obtained when the lunar MVE isotope data is normalized to ordinary or enstatite chondrites (ΔMoon-OC,EC), rather than a bulk silicate Earth (BSE) composition. This analysis further indicates that the parent body from which the Moon formed cannot have partitioned S into its core based on S isotope compositions of lunar rocks. The best fit between ΔMoon-OC,EC and modelled non-ideal Rayleigh fractionation is defined by a slope that corresponds to a saturation index of 90 +/- 4 %. In contrast, the older Highland suite is defined by a saturation index of 75 +/- 2 %, suggesting the vapor phase pressure was higher during mare basalt eruptions. This provides the first tangible evidence that the Moon was veiled by a thin atmosphere during mare basalt eruption events spanning at least from 3.8 to 3 billion years ago and implies that MVE isotope fractionation dominantly occurred after the Moon had accreted.
description: Accepted, preprint
title: Studies towards the total synthesis of the pyrronazols
Creators: name: McLennan, Ross Sinclair
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: In 2014, the pyrronazols, a family of closely related natural products were isolated from a soil dwelling myxobacteria, Nannocystis pusilla strain Ari7. The family represent a novel structural class of secondary metabolites, containing a conjugated chlorinated pyrrole-oxazole unit. The total synthesis of pyrronazols A and A2, 20 and 21, has still to be accomplished and is of specific interest, not only for its unusual and interesting structure, but also to expand on the very limited biological profile. This could be probed further through the synthesis of structural analogues, thus requiring a synthetic strategy that tolerates rapid modifications to probe SAR. A synthetic strategy for the pyrronazol family must be flexible to allow for the synthesis of both isomers from a single privileged intermediate. Through our attempts towards the synthesis of the pyrronazol family this work details a highly syn-selective, substrate controlled vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction (vMAR) which has been developed and optimised to install the required stereocentres on the pyranone ring. The (4S,5S) C₁-C₇ pyranone fragment has been utilised in the synthesis of two advanced intermediates, both a single reduction step away from pyrronazol A2, that have proved resistant to reduction. The alkene geometry, directing the synthesis towards pyrronazol A2, was set by an unprecedently selective Knoevenagel condensation between 5-chloro-2-formylpyrrole and amidoester partners. Our C₁-C₇ fragment has also been used in a convergent, modular synthesis of pyrronazol B, which afforded the natural product alongside an isomeric product.
Custom, law and John Company in Kumaon
Creators: name: Jones, Mark Gordon
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Zomia, Himalaya, Himalayas, Kumaon, Kumaun,Custom, Law, George William Traill

description: Chapter 7, Slavery and abolition, pp. 215-252 has been removed and embargoed for 12 months at the request of the author. This embargo is due to expire on 26th November 2019 at which time the chapter can be viewed at the following uri - https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/151927/1/Chapter_7.pdf
description: The meeting of Indian custom and law with the emergent formal legal, revenue and administrative practice of the British East India Company has long been a central subject of South Asian historical studies. Overwhelmingly, this vast corpus of scholarship has been centred on and contextualized by the experience and conditions of the Indian heartlands. This thesis takes the study of the meeting of local custom with the Company’s formal governmental practices out of the Indian heartlands up into the peripheral Himalayan region of Kumaon. Kumaon is the little patch of the Himalaya tucked up where today India, Nepal and Tibet all meet in a tangle of green hills, plunging valleys and icy peaks to the northeast of Delhi. The contrast of the region’s mountainous landscape to the awesome flatness of the adjacent North Indian plains could not be more extreme. Within Kumaon’s very different landscape, the population had remained light and widely scattered, a monetized economy based on specialization of production focused on urban centres had only emerged to a limited degree, and the people had persisted with and developed cultural practices that were distant and distinct from the orthodoxies of India’s heartland. Crucially, the Indo-Islamic empires of the plains had never been able to conquer and hold territory in these hills and, as a consequence, the region had had no experience with the legal, revenue and administrative practices of the Mughal empire. The British East India Company invaded and held Kumaon in 1815. Here they found a matrix of economic, political and cultural conditions very different from everything they knew from the plains below. Aware that its regulations—the embodiment of its formal governmental practices—were a palimpsest written on the pre-existing conditions of the plains and the vestiges of late-Mughal machinery of government, the Company chose not to impose its regulations in Kumaon. Rather, Kumaon would be an Extra-Regulation province where much of the everyday practices of government were in the hands of the local Commissioner. Within this space beyond the regulations, the meeting of local custom and the Company’s formal governmental practices took on a trajectory that was distant and distinct to the trajectory of the meeting on the plains. This thesis brings to light the early years of Kumaon’s meeting with the practices of the British India Company in the period 1815 to 1843.
Structure and evolution of super-Earth to super-Jupiter exoplanets: I. heavy element enrichment in the interior
Creators: name: Baraffe, I.
name: Chabrier, G.
name: Barman, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the uncertainties in current planetary models and we quantify their impact on the planet cooling histories and mass-radius relationships. These uncertainties include (i) the differences between the various equations of state used to characterize the heavy material thermodynamical properties, (ii) the distribution of heavy elements within planetary interiors, (iii) their chemical composition and (iv) their thermal contribution to the planet evolution. Our models, which include a gaseous H/He envelope, are compared with models of solid, gasless Earth-like planets in order to examine the impact of a gaseous envelope on the cooling and the resulting radius. We find that for a fraction of heavy material larger than 20% of the planet mass, the distribution of the heavy elements in the planet's interior affects substantially the evolution and thus the radius at a given age. For planets with large core mass fractions ($\simgr$ 50%), such as the Neptune-mass transiting planet GJ436b, the contribution of the gravitational and thermal energy from the core to the planet cooling history is not negligible, yielding a $\sim$ 10% effect on the radius after 1 Gyr. We show that the present mass and radius determinations of the massive planet Hat-P-2b require at least 200 $\mearth$ of heavy material in the interior, at the edge of what is currently predicted by the core-accretion model for planet formation. We show that if planets as massive as $\sim$ 25 $\mjup$ can form, as predicted by improved core-accretion models, deuterium is able to burn in the H/He layers above the core, even for core masses as large as $\sim$ 100 $\mearth$. We provide extensive grids of planetary evolution models from 10 $\mearth$ to 10 M$_{\rm Jup}$, with various fractions of heavy elements.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Quark propagators at finite temperature with the clover action
Creators: name: Hamada, Masatoshi
name: Kouno, Hiroaki
name: Nakamura, Atsushi
name: Saito, Takuya
name: Yahiro, Masanobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of the finite temperature quark propagator by using the SU(3) quenched lattice simulation in the Landau gauge and report numerical results of the standard Wilson quark case as well as the improved clover one. The mass function in the deconfinement phase is different from that of the confinement phase, especially at low momentum regions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at Lattice 2006 (High temperature and density)
Speaking about Qatar: Discourses on National Identity in Postcolonial Gulf
Creators: name: Viramontes Viramontes, Erick
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Nationalism
Postcolonialism
Identity
Gulf
Qatar

description: Since mid-1990s, Qatar has gone through a series of transformations that have included the implementation of liberal political reforms, the boost in the exploitation of its plentiful hydrocarbon reserves and the unprecedented increase of its diplomatic activity. However, some less noticed transformations have had to do with the creation of those symbols that give Qatar its distinctive cultural character, and justify its existence as an independent nation-state, such as the construction of the national museum and the house of the national archives, the creation of the national anthem, and the celebration of the national day. This thesis is then an analysis of the way cultural heritage sites, such as museums, national celebrations, exhibition houses and archaeological sites, have ascribed Qatar’s national identity with meaning. Through electronic archival research, participant observation and semi-structured interviews, this thesis looks at how national identity is being constructed in contemporary Qatar. Its main argument is the discourse on national identity displayed in those sites comprises a series of claims that reformulate and reinvent Qatar’s national identity in light of neoliberal economic reform brought by the implementation of Qatar National Vision 2030. In addition, the discourse on national identity in contemporary Qatar also deals with longstanding trends in Qatar’s postcolonial history: namely, the particular way colonialism was experienced in the Gulf and the rendering the majority of the population to the status of non-nationals. This thesis’ main contribution is that it opens a space for reflecting on how the postcolonial nation has adapted to the changes brought by the expansion of neoliberalism in the twenty-first century postcolonial world.
Asteroseismic modelling of solar-type stars: A deeper look at the treatment of initial helium abundance
Creators: name: Nsamba, Benard
name: Moedas, Nuno
name: Campante, Tiago L.
name: Cunha, Margarida S.
name: Hernández, Antonio García
name: Suárez, Juan C.
name: Monteiro, Mário J. P. F. G.
name: Fernandes, João
name: Jiang, Chen
name: Akinsanmi, Babatunde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed understanding of stellar physics is essential towards a robust determination of stellar properties (e.g. radius, mass, and age). Among the vital input physics used in the modelling of solar-type stars which remain poorly constrained, is the initial helium abundance. To this end, when constructing stellar model grids, the initial helium abundance is estimated either (i) by using the semi-empirical helium-to-heavy element enrichment ratio, (${ΔY}/{ΔZ}$), anchored to the standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis value or (ii) by setting the initial helium abundance as a free variable. Adopting 35 low-mass, solar-type stars with multi-year Kepler photometry from the asteroseismic "LEGACY" sample, we explore the systematic uncertainties on the inferred stellar parameters (i.e., radius, mass, and age) arising from the treatment of the initial helium abundance in stellar model grids . The stellar masses and radii derived from grids with free initial helium abundance are lower compared to those from grids based on a fixed ${ΔY}/{ΔZ}$ ratio. We find the systematic uncertainties on mean density, radius, mass, and age arising from grids which employ a fixed value of ${ΔY}/{ΔZ}$ and those with free initial helium abundance to be $\sim$ 0.9%, $\sim$ 2%, $\sim$ 5% and $\sim$ 29%, respectively. We report that the systematic uncertainties on the inferred masses and radii arising from the treatment of initial helium abundance in stellar grids lie within the expected accuracy limits of ESA's PLATO, although this is not the case for the age.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, and 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Integrating Hsplines into Softimage|3D
Creators: name: Duprat, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Hierarchical splines (hsplines) are a multiresolution representation of spline surfaces with support for local refinement. They have proved to be more flexible for character animation than the surface formulations supported by modern animation systems, especially when driven by a skeleton, a technique known as enveloping. An extension to the basic hspline formulation allows cylinders to be smoothly connected to non-isoparametric lines of another hspline surface. This allows limbs to be connected to bodies with unprecedented ease for the animator. The region of the attachment is represented with Catmull-Clark surfaces. This thesis describes how hierarchical splines have been integrated into the Softimage|3D environment, emphasizing both technical and user interface aspects, and including a complete discussion of enveloping. Arbitrary topology surface attachments are described in detail, including current limitations in Softimage that prevent their complete integration. Rendering of hsplines was not implemented in a satisfactory manner due to limitations in the host environment, and these issues will be carefully examined.
Wide Color Gamut Image Content Characterization: Method, Evaluation, and Applications
Creators: name: Lee, Junghyuk
name: Vigier, Toinon
name: Callet, Patrick Le
name: Lee, Jong-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose a novel framework to characterize a wide color gamut image content based on perceived quality due to the processes that change color gamut, and demonstrate two practical use cases where the framework can be applied. We first introduce the main framework and implementation details. Then, we provide analysis for understanding of existing wide color gamut datasets with quantitative characterization criteria on their characteristics, where four criteria, i.e., coverage, total coverage, uniformity, and total uniformity, are proposed. Finally, the framework is applied to content selection in a gamut mapping evaluation scenario in order to enhance reliability and robustness of the evaluation results. As a result, the framework fulfils content characterization for studies where quality of experience of wide color gamut stimuli is involved.
Perceptions of Wind Power, Community, and Renewable Energy Landscapes
Creators: name: Newton, Meridel Hanna
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: energy policy
renewable energy
west virginia
wind opposition
wind power
wind turbine syndrome

description: Renewable energy enjoys broad popularity as an abstract concept, yet specific cases of industrial renewable energy development consistently encounter local opposition commonly characterized by the phrase `not in my backyard,' or NIMBY. Scholars have recently attempted a broader, more thorough understanding of wind opposition focusing on discursive forms of investigation, but even these efforts are limited by unspoken assumptions of motivation and aim. These attempts have led to a sophisticated understanding of local scale arguments mobilized by wind opponents, but have ignored arguments on other scales. In a case study of Keyser, West Virginia, I discovered a broad range of arguments not included in the scholarly literature. This thesis will investigate arguments on scales including the global, national, regional, local, and individual. I will connect the local scale objections to broader scales through the lenses of landscape and placemaking theory, and I will investigate the emergent discourse of health impacts and Wind Turbine Syndrome through embodiment theory and parallel phenomena.
Examining Multidecadal Relationships Between the Saharan Air Layer and Large-Scale Atlantic Hurricane Environment
Creators: name: St Pe, Alexandra E.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atlantic hurricane
dust
hurricane development
Saharan Air Layer
tropical cyclone

description: Massive Saharan dust outbreaks over the North Atlantic transpire in a warm and dust-laden air mass, the Saharan Air Layer (SAL), modulating oceanic and atmospheric conditions over a hurricane's main development region (MDR). Recent research suggests the SAL influences sea surface temperature (SST) variability on interannual and multidecadal time scales; however, it is unclear how distinct SAL characteristics modulate thermodynamic and kinematic fields on the same time scale and in turn, how this variation is connected to hurricane activity and tropical climate patterns. Findings from a multi-decadal (1955-2008) analysis investigating SAL character and environmental variables suggest periods of high dust (1970-90) coincide with enhanced low-level subsidence, mid-level cooling, and low-level warming and drying, all of which are unfavorable for TC development. In addition, results demonstrate during anomalously high dust years, mid-level easterly flow south of 10?N takes precedence over persistent strong mid-level westerlies.
On Differential equation of invariants of binary forms
Creators: name: Bedratyuk, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13N15, 13A50, 13F20

description: An explicit form of first order PDE for invariants of binary form are found. By solving the equation a minimal generation set for a ring of invariants and theirs syzygies are calculated in the cases $n\leq 6$ and $n=8.$
description: 32 pages. Classical invariant theory
Eco-geographic patterns of genetic diversity of African rice, Oryza glaberrima, in Benin (West Africa)
Creators: name: Voglozin, Nohemi
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: agrobiodiversity
ethnographic surveys
ex situ and in situ conservation
genetic resources conservation
Geographic Information Systems
landraces

description: Genetic erosion is a phenomenon that is currently of concern because of the loss of biodiversity, especially from crop populations in centers of origin and diversity due to a narrowing of the genetic base caused by various factors. The rate of erosion depends on the crop, the region, and the specific environment and cropping conditions. There is now a need for new gene sources and reinstatement of genetic diversity. Studies on the genetic diversity available, especially in traditional agricultural ecosystems are therefore needed. The genus Oryza contains 22 species: two are cultivated, Asian rice (Oryza sativa) and African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and 20 are wild. In West Africa, which is considered the center of origin of Oryza glaberrima, the two cultivated species are often grown alongside one another on farmers' fields. Yet, few investigations have been undertaken to study African rice landraces (traditional varieties) in West Africa, and the impact of the introduction of new varieties on their diversity. The main goal of this dissertation is to explore the spatial distribution of Oryza glaberrima and its landraces managed at the farmer's level in different geographical regions and help supply a basis for further investigations for the management of Oryza glaberrima landraces in Benin, West Africa. Various methodologies were utilized and focused on three modes of inquiry: the collection of socio-economic data using 150 ethnographic surveys; molecular analysis of 253 rice accessions collected in the field from farmers using 12 fluorescent labeled microsatellites organized in 3 panels; and the utilization of Geographic Information Systems to integrate physical and socio-economic conditions to identify the areas of unique and high diversity. The results show that 1) landraces and modern cultivars are grown in conjunction on farmers' fields, 2) peak genetic diversity occurs in areas with intermediate environmental variables, and 3) a systematic rather than opportunistic targeting of populations and areas for both ex situ and in situ conservation can be elaborated. These results can be used as part of a national program to complement the rice germplasm collection and the genetic analysis ongoing in Benin, to effectively target the area of greatest diversity, and to identify the most effective strategy for the conservation of this diversity. Keywords: Agrobiodiversity, Ethnographic surveys, ex situ and in situ conservation, Genetic diversity, Landraces, Geographic Information Systems, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza sativa.