cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Seasonal Demand for Coffee Beans
Creators: name: Joo, Joonhyung
name: Joo, Joonhyung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Linear Approximated Almost Ideal Demand System
subject: coffee consumption
subject: price elasticity of demand

description: This study analyzes the demand for coffee green beans from the top five countries based on the amount of domestic imports using the Linear Approximated Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS). According to the analysis, own/cross-price elasticities of coffee green beans turn out to be below 1. Thus, coffee green beans in Korea are analyzed as goods whose consumption (import) does not change significantly due to price changes. The results of own-price elasticity indicate Vietnam, Brazil and Ethiopian coffee green beans are consumed in summer when iced coffee is mostly consumed. On the other hand, Colombian, Guatemalan coffee green beans are consumed in the market in winter when hot coffee is mainly consumed. Next, as a result of analyzing preferences using expenditure elasticity, coffee green beans from Ethiopia and Guatemala are preferred in summer and coffee green beans from Vietnam, Brazil, and Colombia are preferred in winter. It is analyzed that there is no clear correlation between the harvest season and the preference for coffee green beans at the time.
Structural insight into substrate specificity of phosphodiesterase 10
Creators: name: Zheng, M.
name: Hou, J.
name: Wang, H.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Ke, H.
name: Robinson, H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) hydrolyze the second messengers cAMP and cGMP. It remains unknown how individual PDE families selectively recognize cAMP and cGMP. This work reports structural studies on substrate specificity. The crystal structures of the catalytic domains of the D674A and D564N mutants of PDE10A2 in complex with cAMP and cGMP reveal that two substrates bind to the active site with the same syn configuration but different orientations and interactions. The products AMP and GMP bind PDE10A2 with the anti configuration and interact with both divalent metals, in contrast to no direct contact of the substrates. The structures suggest that the syn configurations of cAMP and cGMP are the genuine substrates for PDE10 and the specificity is achieved through the different interactions and conformations of the substrates. The PDE10A2 structures also show that the conformation of the invariant glutamine is locked by two hydrogen bonds and is unlikely to switch for substrate recognition. Sequence alignment shows a potential pocket, in which variation of amino acids across PDE families defines the size and shape of the pocket and thus determines the substrate specificity.
Temperature control of larval dispersal and the implications for marine ecology, evolution, and conservation
Creators: name: Lester, S. E.
name: Kinlan, B. P.
name: O'Connor, M. I.
name: Weiss, J. M.
name: Bruno, J. F.
name: Halpern, B. S.
name: Gaines, S. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Temperature controls the rate of fundamental biochemical processes and thereby regulates organismal attributes including development rate and survival. The increase in metabolic rate with temperature explains substantial among-species variation in life-history traits, population dynamics, and ecosystem processes. Temperature can also cause variability in metabolic rate within species. Here, we compare the effect of temperature on a key component of marine life cycles among a geographically and taxonomically diverse group of marine fish and invertebrates. Although innumerable lab studies document the negative effect of temperature on larval development time, little is known about the generality versus taxon-dependence of this relationship. We present a unified, parameterized model for the temperature dependence of larval development in marine animals. Because the duration of the larval period is known to influence larval dispersal distance and survival, changes in ocean temperature could have a direct and predictable influence on population connectivity, community structure, and regional-to-global scale patterns of biodiversity.
Using Large Scale Structure to test Multifield Inflation
Creators: name: Ferraro, Simone
name: Smith, Kendrick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial non-Gaussianity of local type is known to produce a scale-dependent contribution to the galaxy bias. Several classes of multi-field inflationary models predict non-Gaussian bias which is stochastic, in the sense that dark matter and halos don't trace each other perfectly on large scales. In this work, we forecast the ability of next-generation Large Scale Structure surveys to constrain common types of primordial non-Gaussianity like $f_{NL}$, $g_{NL}$ and $τ_{NL}$ using halo bias, including stochastic contributions. We provide fitting functions for statistical errors on these parameters which can be used for rapid forecasting or survey optimization. A next-generation survey with volume $V = 25 h^{-3}$Gpc$^3$, median redshift $z = 0.7$ and mean bias $b_g = 2.5$, can achieve $σ(f_{NL}) = 6$, $σ(g_{NL}) = 10^5$ and $σ(τ_{NL}) = 10^3$ if no mass information is available. If halo masses are available, we show that optimally weighting the halo field in order to reduce sample variance can achieve $σ(f_{NL}) = 1.5$, $σ(g_{NL}) = 10^4$ and $σ(τ_{NL}) = 100$ if halos with mass down to $M_{min} = 10^{11}$ $h^{-1} M_\odot $ are resolved, outperforming Planck by a factor of 4 on $f_{NL}$ and nearly an order of magnitude on $g_{NL}$ and $τ_{NL}$. Finally, we study the effect of photometric redshift errors and discuss degeneracies between different non-Gaussian parameters, as well as the impact of marginalizing Gaussian bias and shot noise.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures. Comments are welcome. Typo fixed
The yeast DNA damage checkpoint proteins control a cytoplasmic response to DNA damage
Creators: name: Haase, J.
name: Bloom, K.
name: Haber, J. E.
name: Dotiwala, F.
name: Arbel-Eden, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: A single HO endonuclease-induced double-strand break (DSB) is sufficient to activate the DNA damage checkpoint and cause Saccharomyces cells to arrest at G2/M for 12–14 h, after which cells adapt to the presence of the DSB and resume cell cycle progression. The checkpoint signal leading to G2/M arrest was previously shown to be nuclear-limited. Cells lacking ATR-like Mec1 exhibit no DSB-induced cell cycle delay; however, cells lacking Mec1's downstream protein kinase targets, Rad53 or Chk1, still have substantial G2/M delay, as do cells lacking securin, Pds1. This delay is eliminated only in the triple mutant chk1Δ rad53Δ pds1Δ, suggesting that Rad53 and Chk1 control targets other than the stability of securin in enforcing checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest. The G2/M arrest in rad53Δ and chk1Δ revealed a unique cytoplasmic phenotype in which there are frequent dynein-dependent excursions of the nucleus through the bud neck, without entering anaphase. Such excursions are infrequent in wild-type arrested cells, but have been observed in cells defective in mitotic exit, including the semidominant cdc5-ad mutation. We suggest that Mec1-dependent checkpoint signaling through Rad53 and Chk1 includes the repression of nuclear movements that are normally associated with the execution of anaphase.
Therapeutic B cell depletion impairs adaptive and autoreactive CD4+ T cell activation in mice
Creators: name: Tisch, R. M.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Venturi, G. M.
name: Yanaba, K.
name: Bouaziz, J.-D.
name: Poe, J. C.
name: Tedder, T. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: CD20 antibody depletion of B lymphocytes effectively ameliorates multiple T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases through mechanisms that remain unclear. To address this, a mouse CD20 antibody that depletes >95% of mature B cells in mice with otherwise intact immune systems was used to assess the role of B cells in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation and expansion in vivo. B cell depletion had no direct effect on T cell subsets or the activation status of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in naive mice. However, B cell depletion impaired CD4+ T cell activation and clonal expansion in response to protein antigens and pathogen challenge, whereas CD8+ T cell activation was not affected. In vivo dendritic cell ablation, along with CD20 immunotherapy, revealed that optimal antigen-specific CD4+ T cell priming required both B cells and dendritic cells. Most importantly, B cell depletion inhibited antigen-specific CD4+ T cell expansion in both collagen-induced arthritis and autoimmune diabetes mouse models. These results provide direct evidence that B cells contribute to T cell activation and expansion in vivo and offer insights into the mechanism of action for B cell depletion therapy in the treatment of autoimmunity.
Long-term depression at hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapses involves BDNF but is not mediated by p75NTR signaling
Creators: name: Garad, Machhindra
name: Edelmann, Elke
name: Leßmann, Volkmar
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Synaptic plasticity
subject: Long‑term depression
subject: BDNF
subject: 610.72

description: BDNF plays a crucial role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity. It is synthesized as a precursor (proBDNF) that can be proteolytically cleaved to mature BDNF (mBDNF). Previous studies revealed a bidirectional mode of BDNF actions, where long-term potentiation (LTP) was mediated by mBDNF through tropomyosin related kinase (Trk) B receptors whereas long-term depression (LTD) depended on proBDNF/p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling. While most experimental evidence for this BDNF dependence of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus was derived from Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 synapses, much less is known about the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, in particular LTD, at hippocampal mossy fiber (MF) synapses onto CA3 neurons. Since proBDNF and mBDNF are expressed most abundantly at MF-CA3 synapses in the rodent brain and we had shown previously that MF-LTP depends on mBDNF/TrkB signaling, we now explored the role of proBDNF/p75NTR signaling in MF-LTD. Our results show that neither acute nor chronic inhibition of p75NTR signaling impairs MF-LTD, while short-term plasticity, in particular paired-pulse facilitation, at MF-CA3 synapses is affected by a lack of functional p75NTR signaling. Furthermore, MF-CA3 synapses showed normal LTD upon acute inhibition of TrkB receptor signaling. Nonetheless, acute inhibition of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of both intracellular and extracellular proBDNF cleavage, impaired MF-LTD. This seems to indicate that LTD at MF-CA3 synapses involves BDNF, however, MF-LTD does not depend on p75NTRs. Altogether, our experiments demonstrate that p75NTR signaling is not warranted for all glutamatergic synapses but rather needs to be checked separately for every synaptic connection.
title: Письма академика В. В. Латышева. Том I
Creators: name: Серов (сост.), Д. В.
name: Онощенко (сост.), В. В.
Publisher: name: Реноме
Year: 2021

description: Впервые публикуются письма академика В.В. Латышева (29.07.1855–02.05.1921), выявленные в ряде российских архивов (АРАН, ОПИ ГИМ, ОР РНБ, РГАДА, РГАЛИ, РО ИРЛИ РАН). Все письма публикуются полностью, с научными комментариями. Книга будет интересна антиковедам, историкам науки, всем интересующимся историей России второй половины XIX — начала XX в.
Incoherent x-ray scattering in single molecule imaging
Creators: name: Slowik, Jan Malte
name: Son, Sang-Kil
name: Dixit, Gopal
name: Jurek, Zoltan
name: Santra, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging of the structure of single proteins or other biomolecules with atomic resolution would be enormously beneficial to structural biology. X-ray free-electron lasers generate highly intense and ultrashort x-ray pulses, providing a route towards imaging of single molecules with atomic resolution. The information on molecular structure is encoded in the coherent x-ray scattering signal. In contrast to crystallography there are no Bragg reflections in single molecule imaging, which means the coherent scattering is not enhanced. Consequently, a background signal from incoherent scattering deteriorates the quality of the coherent scattering signal. This background signal cannot be easily eliminated because the spectrum of incoherently scattered photons cannot be resolved by usual scattering detectors. We present an ab initio study of incoherent x-ray scattering from individual carbon atoms, including the electronic radiation damage caused by a highly intense x-ray pulse. We find that the coherent scattering pattern suffers from a significant incoherent background signal at high resolution. For high x-ray fluence the background signal becomes even dominating. Finally, based on the atomic scattering patterns, we present an estimation for the average photon count in single molecule imaging at high resolution. By varying the photon energy from 3.5 keV to 15 keV, we find that imaging at higher photon energies may improve the coherent scattering signal quality.
A sonic hedgehog signaling domain in the arterial adventitia supports resident Sca1+ smooth muscle progenitor cells
Creators: name: Majesky, M. W.
name: Bautch, V. L.
name: Passman, J. N.
name: Hogan, K. A.
name: Wu, S.-P.
name: Dong, X. R.
name: Maguire, C. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We characterize a sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling domain restricted to the adventitial layer of artery wall that supports resident Sca1-positive vascular progenitor cells (AdvSca1). Using patched-1 (Ptc1lacZ) and patched-2 (Ptc2lacZ) reporter mice, adventitial Shh signaling activity was first detected at embryonic day (E) 15.5, reached the highest levels between postnatal day 1 (P1) and P10, was diminished in adult vessels, and colocalized with a circumferential ring of Shh protein deposited between the media and adventitia. In Shh−/− mice, AdvSca1 cells normally found at the aortic root were either absent or greatly diminished in number. Using a Wnt1-cre lineage marker that identifies cells of neural crest origin, we found that neither the adventitia nor AdvSca1 cells were labeled in arteries composed of neural crest-derived smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Although AdvSca1 cells do not express SMC marker proteins in vivo, they do express transcription factors thought to be required for SMC differentiation, including serum response factor (SRF) and myocardin family members, and readily differentiate to SMC-like cells in vitro. However, AdvSca1 cells also express potent repressors of SRF-dependent transcription, including Klf4, Msx1, and FoxO4, which may be critical for maintenance of the SMC progenitor phenotype of AdvSca1 cells in vivo. We conclude that a restricted domain of Shh signaling is localized to the arterial adventitia and may play important roles in maintenance of resident vascular SMC progenitor cells in the artery wall.
Caching Piggyback Information for Efficient Index Code Transmission
Creators: name: Qureshi, Jalaluddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The index coding problem is a fundamental transmission problem arising in content distribution and wireless networks. Traditional approach to solve this problem is to find heuristic/ approximation minimum clique partition solution on an appropriately mapped graph of the index coding problem. In this paper we study index code for unicast data flow for which we propose updated clique index coding (UCIC) scheme, UCIC piggybacks additional information in the coded symbol such that an unsatisfied client can update its cache. We show that UCIC has higher coding gain than previously proposed index coding schemes, and it is optimal for those instances where index code of minimum length is known.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in the 39th IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN) to be held in Edmonton, Canada, Sep. 8-11, 2014
Software product-line evaluation in the large
Creators: name: Lindohf, Robert
name: Krüger, Jacob
name: Herzog, Erik
name: Berger, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software product lines
subject: Process maturity
subject: Experience report
subject: Family evaluation framework
subject: 000

description: Software product-line engineering is arguably one of the most successful methods for establishing large portfolios of software variants in an application domain. However, despite the benefits, establishing a product line requires substantial upfront investments into a software platform with a proper product-line architecture, into new software-engineering processes (domain engineering and application engineering), into business strategies with commercially successful product-line visions and financial planning, as well as into re-organization of development teams. Moreover, establishing a full-fledged product line is not always possible or desired, and thus organizations often adopt product-line engineering only to an extent that deemed necessary or was possible. However, understanding the current state of adoption, namely, the maturity or performance of product-line engineering in an organization, is challenging, while being crucial to steer investments. To this end, several measurement methods have been proposed in the literature, with the most prominent one being the Family Evaluation Framework (FEF), introduced almost two decades ago. Unfortunately, applying it is not straightforward, and the benefits of using it have not been assessed so far.We present an experience report of applying the FEF to nine medium- to large-scale product lines in the avionics domain. We discuss how we tailored and executed the FEF, together with the relevant adaptations and extensions we needed to perform. Specifically, we elicited the data for the FEF assessment with 27 interviews over a period of 11 months. We discuss experiences and assess the benefits of using the FEF, aiming at helping other organizations assessing their practices for engineering their portfolios of software variants.
Structural Analysis II SAN22P1
Creators: name: Baloyi, Bongani
Publisher: name: Walter Sisulu University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Civil engineering not elsewhere classified
Civil geotechnical engineering
Construction materials
Structural engineering
Timber engineering
Transport engineering
Water resources engineering

description: Subject : Structural Analysis II Subject code : SAN22P1 Qualification : National Diploma Engineering: Civil Examiners : Mr. BB Baloyi Moderator : Mr H Pfende Date : June 2019
Abscisic acid regulation of guard-cell K+ and anion channels in G - and RGS-deficient Arabidopsis lines
Creators: name: Chen, J.-G.
name: Taylor, J. P.
name: Assmann, S. M.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Fan, L.-M.
name: Jones, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In mammals, basal currents through G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK) channels are repressed by Gαi/oGDP, and the channels are activated by direct binding of free Gβγ subunits released upon stimulation of Gαi/o-coupled receptors. However, essentially all information on G protein regulation of GIRK electrophysiology has been gained on the basis of coexpression studies in heterologous systems. A major advantage of the model organism, Arabidopsis thaliana, is the ease with which knockout mutants can be obtained. We evaluated plants harboring mutations in the sole Arabidopsis Gα (AtGPA1), Gβ (AGB1), and Regulator of G protein Signaling (AtRGS1) genes for impacts on ion channel regulation. In guard cells, where K+ fluxes are integral to cellular regulation of stomatal apertures, inhibition of inward K+ (Kin) currents and stomatal opening by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) was equally impaired in Atgpa1 and agb1 single mutants and the Atgpa1 agb1 double mutant. AGB1 overexpressing lines maintained a wild-type phenotype. The Atrgs1 mutation did not affect Kin current magnitude or ABA sensitivity, but Kin voltage-activation kinetics were altered. Thus, Arabidopsis cells differ from mammalian cells in that they uniquely use the Gα subunit or regulation of the heterotrimer to mediate Kin channel modulation after ligand perception. In contrast, outwardly rectifying (Kout) currents were unaltered in the mutants, and ABA activation of slow anion currents was conditionally disrupted in conjunction with cytosolic pH clamp. Our studies highlight unique aspects of ion channel regulation by heterotrimeric G proteins and relate these aspects to stomatal aperture control, a key determinant of plant biomass acquisition and drought tolerance.
Proceedings 3rd Workshop on GRAPH Inspection and Traversal Engineering
Creators: name: Bošnački, Dragan
name: Edelkamp, Stefan
name: Lafuente, Alberto Lluch
name: Wijs, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; I.2.8

description: These are the proceedings of the Third Workshop on GRAPH Inspection and Traversal Engineering (GRAPHITE 2014), which took place on April 5, 2014 in Grenoble, France, as a satellite event of the 17th European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS 2014). The aim of GRAPHITE is to foster the convergence on research interests from several communities dealing with graph analysis in all its forms in computer science, with a particular attention to software development and analysis. Graphs are used to represent data and processes in many application areas, and they are subjected to various computational algorithms in order to analyze them. Just restricting the attention to the analysis of software, graph analysis algorithms are used, for instance, to verify properties using model checking techniques that explore the system's state space graph or static analysis techniques based on control flow graphs. Further application domains include games, planning, and network analysis. Very often, graph problems and their algorithmic solutions have common characteristics, independent of their application domain. The goal of this event is to gather scientists from different communities, who do research on graph analysis algorithms, such that awareness of each others' work is increased. More information can be found at http://sysma.imtlucca.it/graphite.
Mechanisms of group‐hunting in vertebrates
Creators: name: Hansen, Matthew
name: Domenici, Paolo
name: Bartashevich, Palina
name: Burns, Alicia
name: Krause, Jens
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: group‐hunting
subject: predator:prey size ratios
subject: attack behaviour
subject: stages of the hunt
subject: collective behaviour and decision‐making
subject: social information transfer
subject: herding
subject: simulation
subject: remote sensing
subject: pursuit
subject: 570 Biologie

description: Group-hunting is ubiquitous across animal taxa and has received considerable attention in the context of its functions. By contrast much less is known about the mechanisms by which grouping predators hunt their prey. This is primarily due to a lack of experimental manipulation alongside logistical difficulties quantifying the behaviour of multiple predators at high spatiotemporal resolution as they search, select, and capture wild prey. However, the use of new remote-sensing technologies and a broadening of the focal taxa beyond apex predators provides researchers with a great opportunity to discern accurately how multiple predators hunt together and not just whether doing so provides hunters with a per capita benefit. We incorporate many ideas from collective behaviour and locomotion throughout this review to make testable predictions for future researchers and pay particular attention to the role that computer simulation can play in a feedback loop with empirical data collection. Our review of the literature showed that the breadth of predator:prey size ratios among the taxa that can be considered to hunt as a group is very large (<100 to >102). We therefore synthesised the literature with respect to these predator:prey ratios and found that they promoted different hunting mechanisms. Additionally, these different hunting mechanisms are also related to particular stages of the hunt (search, selection, capture) and thus we structure our review in accordance with these two factors (stage of the hunt and predator:prey size ratio). We identify several novel group-hunting mechanisms which are largely untested, particularly under field conditions, and we also highlight a range of potential study organisms that are amenable to experimental testing of these mechanisms in connection with tracking technology. We believe that a combination of new hypotheses, study systems and methodological approaches should help push the field of group-hunting in new directions.
Classification of Singular Spinor Fields and Other Mass Dimension One Fermions
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the constraint equations of the Lounesto spinor fields classification and show that it can be used to completely characterize all the singular classes, which are potential accommodations for further mass dimension one fermions, beyond the well known Elko spinor fields. This result can be useful for two purposes: besides a great abridgement in the classification of a given spinor field, we provide a general form of each class of spinor fields, which can be used furthermore to search for a general classification of spinors dynamics.
description: 13 pages
Impact of acetylsalicylic acid in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery : should the neurosurgeon really worry about it?
Creators: name: Rashidi, Ali
name: Lilla, Nadine
name: Skalej, Martin
name: Sandalcioglu, I. Erol
name: Luchtmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Acetylsalicylic acid
subject: Aneurysm surgery
subject: Clipping
subject: Postoperative hemorrhage
subject: 610.72

description: There has been an increase in the use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, Aspirin®) among patients with stroke and heart disease as well as in aging populations as a means of primary prevention. The potentially life-threatening consequences of a postoperative hemorrhagic complication after neurosurgical operative procedures are well known. In the present study, we evaluate the risk of continued ASA use as it relates to postoperative hemorrhage and cardiopulmonary complications in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery. We retrospectively analyzed 200 consecutive clipping procedures performed between 2008 and 2018. Two different statistical models were applied. The first model consisted of two groups: (1) group with No ASA impact - patients who either did not use ASA at all as well as those who had stopped their use of the ASA medication in time (> = 7 days prior to operation); (2) group with ASA impact - all patients whose ASA use was not stopped in time. The second model consisted of three groups: (1) No ASA use; (2) Stopped ASA use (> = 7 days prior to operation); (3) Continued ASA use (did not stop or did not stop in time, <7 days prior to operation). Data collection included demographic information, surgical parameters, aneurysm characteristics, and all hemorrhagic/thromboembolic complications. A postoperative hemorrhage was defined as relevant if a consecutive operation for hematoma removal was necessary. An ASA effect has been assumed in 32 out of 200 performed operations. A postoperative hemorrhage occurred in one out these 32 patients (3.1%). A postoperative hemorrhage in patients without ASA impact was detected and treated in 5 out of 168 patients (3.0%). The difference was statistically not significant in either model (ASA impact group vs. No ASA impact group: OR = 1.0516 [0.1187; 9.3132], p = 1.000; RR = 1.0015 [0.9360; 1.0716]). Cardiopulmonary complications were significantly more frequent in the group with ASA impact than in the group without ASA impact (p = 0.030). In this study continued ASA use was not associated with an increased risk of a postoperative hemorrhage. However, cardiopulmonary complications were significantly more frequent in the ASA impact group than in the No ASA impact group. Thus, ASA might relatively safely be continued in patients with increased cardiovascular risk and cases of emergency cerebrovascular surgery.
The German media debate on taxing animal-based foods: protocol for a qualitative framing analysis
Creators: name: Hawkins, Benjamin
name: Serong, Julia
name: Von Philipsborn, Peter
name: Moerschel, Katharina Selda
name: Fesenfeld, Lukas
name: Leibinger, Anna
name: Hagge, Annika
name: Stiller, Sarah
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Policy
subject: Public Policy
subject: Public Health
subject: Nutrition
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Health Policy
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Germany
subject: animal welfare
subject: climate change
subject: framing analysis
subject: health promotion
subject: meat consumption
subject: meat tax
subject: media analysis
subject: nutrition
subject: public health nutrition

description: This is the registration of the protocol of a qualitative study that aims to understand how taxes and levies targeting the absolute or relative price of animal-based foods have been framed in German media debates. The study protocol and supplementary material are attached.
Akt and CHIP coregulate tau degradation through coordinated interactions
Creators: name: Cheng, J. Q.
name: Jinwal, U. K.
name: Dunmore, J.
name: Koren, J.
name: Dickey, C. A.
name: Patterson, C.
name: Bailey, R. M.
name: Sun, M.
name: Petrucelli, L.
name: Zhang, Y.-J.
name: Monks, B.
name: Leon, C.
name: Soresh, S.
name: Xu, Y.-f.
name: Morgan, D.
name: Birnbaum, M. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: A hallmark of the pathology of Alzheimer's disease is the accumulation of the microtubule-associated protein tau into fibrillar aggregates. Recent studies suggest that they accumulate because cytosolic chaperones fail to clear abnormally phosphorylated tau, preserving a pool of toxic tau intermediates within the neuron. We describe a mechanism for tau clearance involving a major cellular kinase, Akt. During stress, Akt is ubiquitinated and degraded by the tau ubiquitin ligase CHIP, and this largely depends on the Hsp90 complex. Akt also prevents CHIP-induced tau ubiquitination and its subsequent degradation, either by regulating the Hsp90/CHIP complex directly or by competing as a client protein with tau for binding. Akt levels tightly regulate the expression of CHIP, such that, as Akt levels are suppressed, CHIP levels also decrease, suggesting a potential stress response feedback mechanism between ligase and kinase activity. We also show that Akt and the microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 (PAR1/MARK2), a known tau kinase, interact directly. Akt enhances the activity of PAR1 to promote tau hyperphosphorylation at S262/S356, a tau species that is not recognized by the CHIP/Hsp90 complex. Moreover, Akt1 knockout mice have reduced levels of tau phosphorylated at PAR1/MARK2 consensus sites. Hence, Akt serves as a major regulator of tau biology by manipulating both tau kinases and protein quality control, providing a link to several common pathways that have demonstrated dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
Generalized Hund's rule for two-atom systems
Creators: name: Isobe, Hiroki
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hund's rule is one of the fundamentals of the correlation physics at the atomic level, determining the ground state multiplet of the electrons. It consists of three laws: (i) maximum $S$ (total spin), (ii) maximum $L$ (total orbital angular momentum) under the constraint of (i), and (iii) the total angular momentum $J$ is $|L-S|$ for electron number less than half, while $J=L+S$ for more than half due to the relativistic spin-orbit interaction (SOI). In real systems, the electrons hop between the atoms and gain the itinerancy, which is usually described by the band theory. The whole content of theories on correlation is to provide a reliable way to describe the intermediate situation between the two limits. Here we propose an approach toward this goal, i.e., we study the two-atom systems of three $t_{2g}$ orbitals and see how the Hund's rule is modified by the transfer integral $t$ between them. It is found that the competition between $t$ and the Hund's coupling $J$ at each atom determines the crossover from the molecular orbital limit to the strong correlation limit. Especially, the focus is on the generalization of the third rule, i.e., the inter-and intra-atomic SOI's in the presence of the correlation. We have found that there are cases where the effective SOI's are appreciably enhanced by the Hund's coupling. The conditions for the enhancement are the intermediate Hund's coupling and the filling of four or five electrons.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
The Efficiency Test of the North Korean Rice Market
Creators: name: Kim, Sangdeok
name: Kim, Sangdeok
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: North Korea's Rice Market
subject: Market Efficiency
subject: Causality test

description: This study aims to test whether North Korea’s rice market is efficient from Eugene Fama’s point of view. North Korea is the last communist country with a planned economy. While the government controls some extent of supply and demand and, thus, prices, most economic activities are through self-organized markets. The market efficiency, if any, would provide necessary implications not only to economic theories, but to policy designers of both parts of Korea for economic coordinations that might come shortly. To this end, this study sets three hypotheses for three major rice markets: i) the same price distributions, ii) simultaneous feedbacks among the markets, iii) law of one price holds for the markets. The results show that there is statistically no difference in the mean or variance among the three markets’ prices. The Granger causality test results reveal that the price in Pyeongyang, the capital city and that in Shinuiju, the most active in border-trade with China, affect each other simultaneously. Lastly, the law of one price holds between the Pyeongyang market and the North Korea-China border markets. These results are both surprising and interesting, even though there are still rooms for improvement. The results of this study can serve as a stepping-stone for future research on markets and economic institutions in North Korea.
Transportation Engineering II TRA22P1
Creators: name: Manthe, Tony
Publisher: name: Walter Sisulu University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Civil engineering not elsewhere classified
Construction materials
Structural engineering
Timber engineering
Transport engineering
Water resources engineering

description: Subject : Transportation Engineering II Subject code : TRA22P1 Qualification : National Diploma Engineering: Civil Examiners : Mr. T Manthe Moderator : Dr. A Ikudayisi Date : June 2019
Arabidopsis TAO1 is a TIR-NB-LRR protein that contributes to disease resistance induced by the Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrB
Creators: name: Dangl, J. L.
name: Nimchuk, Z. L.
name: Eitas, T. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The type III effector protein encoded by avirulence gene B (AvrB) is delivered into plant cells by pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae. There, it localizes to the plasma membrane and triggers immunity mediated by the Arabidopsis coiled-coil (CC)-nucleotide binding (NB)-leucine-rich repeat (LRR) disease resistance protein RPM1. The sequence unrelated type III effector avirulence protein encoded by avirulence gene Rpm1 (AvrRpm1) also activates RPM1. AvrB contributes to virulence after delivery from P. syringae in leaves of susceptible soybean plants, and AvrRpm1 does the same in Arabidopsis rpm1 plants. Conditional overexpression of AvrB in rpm1 plants results in leaf chlorosis. In a genetic screen for mutants that lack AvrB-dependent chlorosis in an rpm1 background, we isolated TAO1 (target of AvrB operation), which encodes a Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR)-NB-LRR disease resistance protein. In rpm1 plants, TAO1 function results in the expression of the pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1) gene, suggestive of a defense response. In RPM1 plants, TAO1 contributes to disease resistance in response to Pto (P. syringae pathovars tomato) DC3000(avrB), but not against Pto DC3000(avrRpm1). The tao1–5 mutant allele, a stop mutation in the LRR domain of TAO1, posttranscriptionally suppresses RPM1 accumulation. These data provide evidence of genetically separable disease resistance responses to AvrB and AvrRpm1 in Arabidopsis. AvrB activates both RPM1, a CC-NB-LRR protein, and TAO1, a TIR-NB-LRR protein. These NB-LRR proteins then act additively to generate a full disease resistance response to P. syringae expressing this type III effector.
Methods for Constructing Normalised Reference Scores: An Application for Assessing Child Development at 24 Months of Age
Creators: name: Bountziouka, Vasiliki
name: Johnson, Samantha
name: Manktelow, Bradley N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: The use of the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method for estimating centiles and producing reference ranges has received much interest in clinical practice, especially for assessing growth in childhood. However, this method may not be directly applicable where measures are based on a score calculated from question response categories that is bounded within finite intervals, for example, in psychometrics. In such cases, the main assumption of normality of the conditional distribution of the transformed response measurement is violated due to the presence of ceiling (and floor) effects, leading to biased fitted centiles when derived using the common LMS method. This paper describes the methodology for constructing reference intervals when the response variable is bounded and explores different distribution families for the centile estimation, using a score derived from a parent-completed assessment of cognitive and language development in 24 month-old children. Results indicated that the z-scores, and thus the extracted centiles, improved when kurtosis was also modeled and that the ceiling effect was addressed with the use of the inflated binomial distribution. Therefore, the selection of the appropriate distribution when constructing centile curves is crucial.
title: Rheumatoid arthritis induced by treatment of acromegaly.
title: Physiopathologie du rhumatisme psoriasique
Creators: name: Tantaoui, Hasnaa
Publisher: name: Revue Marocaine de Rhumatologie (RMR)
Year: 2023
Subjects: rhumatisme psoriasique, TNF, axe IL17-IL23

description: Psoriatic arthritis is complex and heterogeneous chronic inflammatory rheumatism, as is its pathophysiology. The pathophysiology involves genetic, environmental and immunological factors. For genetic factors, the association with HLA class I alleles has been proven (HLA-C*06 for psoriasis and HLA-B (B*08, B*27, B*38) for psoriatic arthritis). Several non-MHC loci have also been described, notably the IL23R gene. Regarding environmental factors, the role played by microbiota and mechanical constraints in the onset of the disease has attracted particular interest in recent years. Immunologically, the important cytokines are Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and the interleukin-23-interleukin-17 axis, which are involved in the pathogenesis of all the disease manifestations and also in the pathophysiology of structural changes.
description: Le rhumatisme psoriasique est un rhumatisme inflammatoire chronique complexe et hétérogène à l’image de sa physiopathologie. Cette dernière fait intervenir des facteurs génétiques, environnementaux et immunologiques. Pour les facteurs génétiques, l’association avec les allèles HLA de classe I du CMH a été prouvée (HLA-C*06 pour le psoriasis et le HLA-B (B*08, B*27, B*38) pour le rhumatisme psoriasique. Plusieurs loci non CMH ont également été décrits notamment le gène de IL23R. Pour les facteurs environnementaux, le rôle joué par le microbiote et celui des contraintes mécaniques dans le déclenchement de la maladie a suscité un intérêt particulier ses dernières années. Sur le plan immunologique, les cytokines importantes sur le plan physiopathologique sont le Tumor Necrosis Nactor (TNF) et l’axe interleukine-23–interleukine-17 qui interviennent dans la pathogénie de toutes les atteintes de cette pathologie et aussi dans la physiopathologie des changements structuraux.
Modulating the magnetosphere of magnetars by internal magneto-elastic oscillations
Creators: name: Gabler, Michael
name: Cerdá-Durán, Pablo
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
name: Font, José A.
name: Müller, Ewald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We couple internal torsional, magneto-elastic oscillations of highly magnetized neutron stars (magnetars) to their magnetospheres. The corresponding axisymmetric perturbations of the external magnetic field configuration evolve as a sequence of linear, force-free equilibria that are completely determined by the background magnetic field configuration and by the perturbations of the magnetic field at the surface. The perturbations are obtained from simulations of magneto-elastic oscillations in the interior of the magnetar. While such oscillations can excite travelling Alfvén waves in the exterior of the star only in a very limited region close to the poles, they still modulate the near magnetosphere by inducing a time-dependent twist between the foot-points of closed magnetic field lines that exit the star at a polar angle $\gtrsim 0.19\,$rad. Moreover, we find that for a dipole-like background magnetic field configuration the magnetic field modulations in the magnetosphere, driven by internal oscillations, can only be symmetric with respect to the equator. This is in agreement with our previous findings, where we interpreted the observed quasi-periodic oscillations in the X-ray tail of magnetar bursts as driven by the family of internal magneto-elastic oscillations with symmetric magnetic field perturbations.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, Accepted by MNRAS
Chaperone-dependent amyloid assembly protects cells from prion toxicity
Creators: name: Lindquist, S.
name: Cyr, D. M.
name: Douglas, P. M.
name: Treusch, S.
name: Halfmann, R.
name: Duennwald, M. L.
name: Ren, H.-Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Protein conformational diseases are associated with the aberrant accumulation of amyloid protein aggregates, but whether amyloid formation is cytotoxic or protective is unclear. To address this issue, we investigated a normally benign amyloid formed by the yeast prion [RNQ+]. Surprisingly, modest overexpression of Rnq1 protein was deadly, but only when preexisting Rnq1 was in the [RNQ+] prion conformation. Molecular chaperones protect against protein aggregation diseases and are generally believed to do so by solubilizing their substrates. The Hsp40 chaperone, Sis1, suppressed Rnq1 proteotoxicity, but instead of blocking Rnq1 protein aggregation, it stimulated conversion of soluble Rnq1 to [RNQ+] amyloid. Furthermore, interference with Sis1-mediated [RNQ+] amyloid formation exacerbated Rnq1 toxicity. These and other data establish that even subtle changes in the folding homeostasis of an amyloidogenic protein can create a severe proteotoxic gain-of-function phenotype and that chaperone-mediated amyloid assembly can be cytoprotective. The possible relevance of these findings to other phenomena, including prion-driven neurodegenerative diseases and heterokaryon incompatibility in fungi, is discussed.
Integrative Förderung der Exekutiven Funktionen in einer Regelklasse
Creators: name: Hungerbühler, Janine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Exekutiven Funktionen
Regelklasse

description: Die Exekutiven Funktionen beeinflussen den Schulerfolg von Schüler*innen massgeblich. So gelingt es mit gut ausgebildeten Exekutiven Funktionen das eigene Verhalten zu kontrollieren, sich Dinge zu merken und flexibel zu agieren. Schwache Exekutive Funktionen hingegen hindern eine erfolgreiche Laufbahn. In dieser Entwicklungsarbeit mit Praxisforschung wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie eine lernwirksame Förderung der Exekutiven Funktionen integrativ gestaltet werden kann. Dazu wurde, basierend auf entsprechender Literatur, eine Förderung für Schüler*innen der 3./4. Klasse geplant und durchgeführt. Mit Hilfe eines gemischten Forschungsansatzes konnte die Förderung ausgewertet und laufend optimiert werden. Es zeigt sich, dass unterschiedliche Herangehensweisen zur Förderung der Exekutiven Funktionen möglich und sinnvoll sind und dass die Förderung insgesamt einen positiven Effekt aufweist.
An Inverse Kinematic Problem with Internal Sources
Creators: name: Pestov, Leonid
name: Uhlmann, Gunther
name: Zhou, Hanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a bounded domain $M$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with a conformally Euclidean metric $g=ρ\,dx^2$, in this paper we consider the inverse problem of recovering a semigeodesic neighborhood of a domain $Γ\subset \partial M$ and the conformal factor $ρ$ in the neighborhood from the travel time data (defined below) and the Cartesian coordinates of $Γ$. We develop an explicit reconstruction procedure for this problem. The key ingredient is the relation between the reconstruction and a Cauchy problem of the conformal Killing equation.
description: 7 pages