cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Soliton oscillations in collisionally inhomogeneous attractive Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Niarchou, P.
name: Theocharis, G.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Schmelcher, P.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate bright matter-wave solitons in the presence of a spatially varying nonlinearity. It is demonstrated that a translation mode is excited due to the spatial inhomogeneity and its frequency is derived analytically and also studied numerically. Both cases of purely one-dimensional and ``cigar-shaped'' condensates are studied by means of different mean-field models, and the oscillation frequencies of the pertinent solitons are found and compared with the results obtained by the linear stability analysis.Numerical results are shown to be in very good agreement with the corresponding analytical predictions.
Dwarf galaxies as a probe of a primordially magnetized Universe
Creators: name: Sanati, Mahsa
name: Martin-Alvarez, Sergio
name: Schober, Jennifer
name: Revaz, Yves
name: Slyz, Adrianne
name: Devriendt, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The true nature of primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) and their role in the formation of galaxies still remains elusive. To shed light on these unknowns, we investigate their impact by varying two sets of properties: (i) accounting for the effect of PMFs on the initial matter power spectrum, and (ii) accounting for their magneto-hydrodynamical effects on the formation of galaxies. By comparing both we can determine the dominant agent in shaping galaxy evolution. We use the magneto-hydrodynamics code RAMSES, to generate multiple zoom-in simulations for eight different host halos of dwarf galaxies across a wide luminosity range of $10^3-10^6\,L_{\odot}$. We explore a variety of primordial magnetic field (comoving) strengths ranging from $0.05$ to $0.50\,\mathrm{nG}$. We find magnetic fields in the interstellar medium not only modify star formation in dwarf spheroidal galaxies but also completely prevent the formation of stars in less compact ultra-faints with halo mass and stellar mass below $\sim 2.5\cdot10^9$ and $3\cdot10^6\,M_{\odot}$, respectively. At high redshifts, the impact of PMFs on host halos of dwarf galaxies through the modification of the matter power spectrum is more dominant than the influence of magneto-hydrodynamics in shaping their gaseous structure. Through the amplification of small perturbations ranging in mass from $10^7$ to $10^9\,M_{\odot}$ in the $Λ$CDM$+$PMFs matter power spectrum, primordial fields expedite the formation of the first dark matter halos, leading to an earlier onset and a higher star formation rate at redshifts $z>12$.
title: Frühkindliche Bildung in Luxemburg
Creators: name: Hekel, Nicole
name: Simoes Loureiro, Kevin
Publisher: name: Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET) & Service de Coordination de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pédagogiques et technologiques (SCRIPT)
Year: 2021

description: Nationaler Bildungsbericht Luxemburg 2021
Topological Data Analysis of Monopole Current Networks in $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Crean, Xavier
name: Giansiracusa, Jeffrey
name: Lucini, Biagio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In $4$-dimensional pure compact $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory, we analyse topological aspects of the dynamics of monopoles across the deconfinement phase transition. We do this using tools from Topological Data Analysis (TDA). We demonstrate that observables constructed from the zeroth and first homology groups of monopole current networks may be used to quantitatively and robustly locate the critical inverse coupling $β_{c}$ through finite-size scaling. Our method provides a mathematically robust framework for the characterisation of topological invariants related to monopole currents, putting on firmer ground earlier investigations. Moreover, our approach can be generalised to the study of Abelian monopoles in non-Abelian gauge theories.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, resubmission to SciPost; v4: clarifications added; typos corrected; analysis, results and conclusions unchanged
Cosmic Ray Feedback on Bi-stable ISM Turbulence
Creators: name: Habegger, Roark
name: Ho, Ka Wai
name: Yuen, Ka Ho
name: Zweibel, Ellen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While cosmic rays $(E\gtrsim 1\,\mathrm{GeV})$ are well coupled to a galaxy's interstellar medium (ISM) at scales of $L>100\,\mathrm{pc}$, adjusting stratification and driving outflows, their impact on small scales is less clear. Based on calculations of the cosmic ray diffusion coefficient from observations of the grammage in the Milky Way, cosmic rays have little time to dynamically impact the ISM on those small scales. Using numerical simulations, we explore how more complex cosmic ray transport could allow cosmic rays to couple to the ISM on small scales. We create a two-zone model of cosmic ray transport, with the cosmic ray diffusion coefficient set at the estimated Milky Way value in cold gas but smaller in warm gas. We compare this model to simulations with a constant diffusion coefficient. Quicker diffusion through cold gas allows more cold gas to form compared to a simulation with a constant, small diffusion coefficient. However, slower diffusion in warm gas allows cosmic rays to take energy from the turbulent cascade anisotropically. This cosmic ray energization comes at the expense of turbulent energy which would otherwise be lost during radiative cooling. Finally, we show our two-zone model is capable of matching observational estimates of the grammage for some transport paths through the simulation.
description: Published in ApJ
Near-infrared polarimetric study of the bipolar nebula IRAS 19312+1950
Creators: name: Murakawa, K.
name: Nakashima, J.
name: Ohnaka, K.
name: Deguchi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained H-band polarimetric data of IRAS 19312+1950 using the near-infrared camera (CIAO) on the 8 m Subaru telescope. In order to investigate the physical properties of the central star and the nebula, we performed dust radiative transfer modeling and compared the model results with the observed spectral energy distributions (SEDs), the radial profiles of the total intensity image, and the fraction of linear polarization map. The total intensity image shows a nearly spherical core with ~3" radius, an S-shaped arm extending ~10" in the northwest to southeast direction, and an extended lobe towards the southwest. The polarization map shows a centro-symmetric vector alignment in almost the entire nebula and low polarizations along the S-shaped arm. These results suggest that the nebula is accompanied by a central star, and the S-shaped arm has a physically ring-like structure. From our radiative transfer modeling, we estimated the stellar temperature, the bolometric luminosity, and the current mass-loss rate to be 2800 K, 7000 L_sun, and 5.3x10^{-6} M_sun yr^{-1}, respectively. Taking into account previous observational results, such as the detection of SiO maser emissions and silicate absorption feature in the 10 $μ$m spectrum, our dust radiative transfer analysis based on our NIR imaging polarimetry suggests that (1) the central star of IRAS 19312+1950 is likely to be an oxygen-rich, dust-enshrouded AGB star and (2) most of the circumstellar material originates from other sources (e.g. ambient dark clouds) rather than as a result of mass loss from the central star.
description: 8 pages with 4 figures
The DEHVILS in the Details: Type Ia Supernova Hubble Residual Comparisons and Mass Step Analysis in the Near-Infrared
Creators: name: Peterson, Erik R.
name: Scolnic, Daniel
name: Jones, David O.
name: Do, Aaron
name: Popovic, Brodie
name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Dwomoh, Arianna
name: Johansson, Joel
name: Rubin, David
name: Sánchez, Bruno O.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
name: Tonry, John L.
name: Tully, R. Brent
name: Vincenzi, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) in the near-infrared (NIR) have been used both as an alternate path to cosmology compared to optical measurements and as a method of constraining key systematics for the larger optical studies. With the DEHVILS sample, the largest published NIR sample with consistent NIR coverage of maximum light across three NIR bands ($Y$, $J$, and $H$), we check three key systematics: (i) the reduction in Hubble residual scatter as compared to the optical, (ii) the measurement of a "mass step" or lack thereof and its implications, and (iii) the ability to distinguish between various dust models by analyzing slopes and correlations between Hubble residuals in the NIR and optical. We produce SN Ia simulations of the DEHVILS sample and find that it is $\textit{harder}$ to differentiate between various dust models than previously understood. Additionally, we find that fitting with the current SALT3-NIR model does not yield accurate wavelength-dependent stretch-luminosity correlations, and we propose a limited solution for this problem. From the data, we see that (i) the standard deviation of Hubble residual values from NIR bands treated as standard candles are 0.007-0.042 mag smaller than those in the optical, (ii) the NIR mass step is not constrainable with the current sample size of 47 SNe Ia from DEHVILS, and (iii) Hubble residuals in the NIR and optical are correlated in the data. We test a few variations on the number and combinations of filters and data samples, and we observe that none of our findings or conclusions are significantly impacted by these modifications.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by A&A
Fundamental solutions for the super Laplace and Dirac operators and all their natural powers
Creators: name: De Bie, Hendrik
name: Sommen, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30G35, 35A08, 58C50

description: The fundamental solutions of the super Dirac and Laplace operators and their natural powers are determined within the framework of Clifford analysis.
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in J. Math. Anal. Appl
Biordered superconductivity and strong pseudogap state
Creators: name: Belyavsky, V. I.
name: Kopaev, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interrelation between the two-particle and mean-field problems is used to describe the strong pseudogap and superconducting states in cuprates. We present strong pseudogap state as off-diagonal short-range order (ODSRO) originating from quasi-stationary states of the pair of repulsing particles with large total momentum (K - pair). Phase transition from the ODSRO state into the off-diagonal long-range ordered (ODLRO) superconducting state is associated with Bose-Einstein condensation of the K - pairs. A checkerboard spatial order observable in the superconducting state in the cuprates is explained by a rise of the K - pair density wave. A competition between the ODSRO and ODLRO states leads to the phase diagram typical of the cuprates. Biordered superconducting state of coexisting condensates of Cooper pairs with zero momentum and K - pairs explains some properties of the cuprates observed below Tc: Drude optical conductivity, unconventional isotope effect and two-gap quasiparticle spectrum with essentially different energy scales.
description: 11 pages, 4 fugures
Hermite and Gegenbauer polynomials in superspace using Clifford analysis
Creators: name: De Bie, Hendrik
name: Sommen, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Clifford-Hermite and the Clifford-Gegenbauer polynomials of standard Clifford analysis are generalized to the new framework of Clifford analysis in superspace in a merely symbolic way. This means that one does not a priori need an integration theory in superspace. Furthermore a lot of basic properties, such as orthogonality relations, differential equations and recursion formulae are proven. Finally, an interesting physical application of the super Clifford-Hermite polynomials is discussed, thus giving an interpretation to the super-dimension.
description: 18 pages, accepted for publication in J. Phys. A
Flexures for Kibble balances: Minimizing the effects of anelastic relaxation
Creators: name: Keck, Lorenz
name: Schlamminger, Stephan
name: Theska, René
name: Seifert, Frank
name: Haddad, Darine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the anelastic aftereffect of a flexure being used in a Kibble balance, where the flexure is subjected to a large excursion in velocity mode after which a high-precision force comparison is performed. We investigated the effect of a constant and a sinusoidal excursion on the force comparison. We explored theoretically and experimentally a simple erasing procedure, i.e., bending the flexure in the opposite direction for a given amplitude and time. We found that the erasing procedure reduced the time-dependent force by about 30%. The investigation was performed with an analytical model and verified experimentally with our new Kibble balance at the National Institute of Standards and Technology employing flexures made from precipitation-hardened Copper Beryllium alloy C17200. Our experimental determination of the modulus defect of the flexure yields 1.2E-4. This result is about a factor of two higher than previously reported from experiments. We additionally found a static shift of the flexure's internal equilibrium after a change in the stress and strain state. These static shifts, although measurable, are small and deemed uncritical for our Kibble balance application at present. During this investigation, we discovered magic flexures that promise to have very little anelastic relaxation. In these magic flexures, the mechanism causing anelastic relaxation is compensated for by properly shaping and loading a flexure with a non-constant cross-section in the region of bending.
description: 18 pages 22 figure, accepted byMetrologia
Search for the lightest scalar top quark in events with two leptons in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data collected by the D0 detector at a p-pbar center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider have been used to search for pair production of the lightest supersymmetric partner of the top quark decaying into $b \ell \tildeν$. The search is performed in the $\ell\ell' = eμ$ and $μμ$ final states. No evidence for this process has been found in data samples of approximately 400 pb^-1. The domain in the [$M(\tilde{t}_1),M(\tildeν)$] plane excluded at the 95% C.L. is substantially extended by this search.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Selection-cut layouts slightly different than in PLB
Intermediate regime in Tetrathiafulvalene-Chloranil (TTF-CA) pressure-induced neutral-ionic transition
Creators: name: Masino, Matteo
name: Girlando, Alberto
name: Brillante, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed spectroscopic study of the pressure induced neutral-ionic phase transition (NIT) of the mixed-stack charge-transfer (CT) crystal tetrathiafulvalene-chloranil (TTF-CA). We show that the pressure induced phase transition is still first-order and involves the presence of an intermediate disordered phase, defined by the coexistence of two species of different ionicity. Further application of pressure gradually converts this phase into an homogeneous ferroelectric phase with a single ionicity. In addition, we detect strong pretransitional phenomena which anticipate the intermediate phase and are indicative of a precursor dynamic regime dominated by fluctuations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
An investigation of the relations among object search skills, cross-language speech perception, and visual categorization in infancy
Creators: name: Lalonde, Christopher Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present research was designed to assess the extent to which three different cognitive/perceptual abilities become integrated during the second half of the first year of life. Forty infants, aged 8 to 10 months, were tested on measures of object search skill, cross-language speech perception, and visual categorization. The object search task tested the infants' ability to retrieve an object, after a 3 second delay, hidden under one of two identical cloths placed in front of the infant. The cross-language speech perception task tested the infants' ability to discriminate both native English (bilabial /ba/ and dental/alveolar /da/) and non-native Hindi (dental /da/ and retroflex /Da/) speech contrasts. The visual categorization task measured the infants' ability to detect and use correlations among the attributes of a set of line drawn stimuli in category formation. Subject performance on the three tasks was examined to test the hypothesis that previously reported changes in task performance occur in synchrony. Results indicate that while infant performance would be expected to change on all three tasks at about 9 months of age, the pattern of individual subjects' performance suggests a systematic relation among the changes. This finding suggests that the acquisition of an ability to mentally coordinate separate sets of information emerges at approximately 9 months of age and permits the expression of at least these three more sophisticated skills. The results raise the possibility that cognitive and perceptual capabilities become related in more substantial ways as the infant develops, allowing increasingly accurate application of these skills to a broader range of cognitive and perceptual phenomena.
Lypoglossa franclemonti Hoebeke 1992
Creators: name: Webster, Reginald
name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Pelletier, Georges
name: Savard, Karine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Lypoglossa
Lypoglossa franclemonti

description: Lypoglossa franclemonti Hoebeke, 1992 Fig 51, Map 51 New Records. CANADA, New Brunswick, Restigouche Co., MacFarlane Brook Protected Natural Area, 47.6018°N, 67.6263°W, 25.V.2007 (1 ♀, RWC). Saint John Co., Dipper Harbour, 45.1176°N, 66.3806°W, 24.VIII.2006, 12.IX.2006 (2 ♁, 1 ♀, 1 sex undetermined, RWC); Dipper Harbour, 45.1169°N, 66.3771°W, 7.V.2006, 15.V.2006 (2 ♀, 2 sex undetermined, RWC). Bionomic Notes. In New Brunswick, L. franclemonti were collected from decaying sea wrack under alders on the upper margin of a sea beach, on decaying gilled mushrooms in a red spruce forest adjacent to a salt marsh, and in moss and leaves under alders in an old-growth eastern white cedar forest. Gusarov (2004) reported this species as common in forest litter and moss on forest floor. In New Brunswick, adults were collected in May, August, and September, suggesting that adults overwinter. Collection method: sifting. Map 5Į. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Lypoglossa franclemonti. 52 53 54 Figures 49–54. 49 Earota dentata 50 Geostiba circellaris 5Į Lypoglossa franclemonti 52 Mocyta breviuscula 53 Philhygra angusticauda 54 P. botanicarum [53, 54, apical part of abdomen removed]. Scale = 1 mm Distribution in Canada and Alaska. NT, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Gusarov 2004; Gouix and Klimaszewski 2007).
description: Published as part of Webster, Reginald, Klimaszewski, Jan, Pelletier, Georges & Savard, Karine, 2009, New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada. I. Aleocharinae, pp. 171-248 in ZooKeys 22 (22) on pages 233-235, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.22.152, http://zenodo.org/record/576537
description: {"references": ["Hoebeke ER (1992) Taxonomy and distribution of the athetine genus Lypoglossa Fenyes (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) in North America, with description of a new species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 100: 381 - 398.", "Gusarov VI (2004) A revision of the genus Lypoglossa Fenyes, 1918 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). Zootaxa 747: 1 - 36.", "Gouix N, Klimaszewski J (2007) Catalogue of Aleocharine Rove Beetles of Canada and Alaska (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 165 pp."]}
A Chandra study of particle acceleration in the multiple hotspots of nearby radio galaxies
Creators: name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Croston, J. H.
name: Kraft, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Chandra observations of a small sample of nearby classical double radio galaxies which have more than one radio hotspot in at least one of their lobes. The X-ray emission from the hotspots of these comparatively low-power objects is expected to be synchrotron in origin, and therefore to provide information about the locations of high-energy particle acceleration. In some models of the relationship between the jet and hotspot the hotspots that are not the current jet termination point should be detached from the energy supply from the active nucleus and therefore not capable of accelerating particles to high energies. We find that in fact some secondary hotspots are X-ray sources, and thus probably locations for high-energy particle acceleration after the initial jet termination shock. In detail, though, we show that the spatial structures seen in X-ray are not consistent with naive expectations from a simple shock model: the current locations of the acceleration of the highest-energy observable particles in powerful radio galaxies need not be coincident with the peaks of radio or even optical emission.
description: Accepted for ApJ. 33 pages, 8 figures inc. 2 in color
Modelling on the very large-scale connectome
Creators: name: Ódor, Géza
name: Gastner, Michael
name: Kelling, Jeffrey
name: Deco, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this review, we discuss critical dynamics of simple nonequilibrium models on large connectomes, obtained by diffusion MRI, representing the white matter of the human brain. In the first chapter, we overview graph theoretical and topological analysis of these networks, pointing out that universality allows selecting a representative network, the KKI-18, which has been used for dynamical simulation. The critical and sub-critical behaviour of simple, two- or three-state threshold models is discussed with special emphasis on rare-region effects leading to robust Griffiths Phases (GP). Numerical results of synchronization phenomena, studied by the Kuramoto model, are also shown, leading to a continuous analog of the GP, termed frustrated synchronization. The models presented here exhibit dynamical scaling behaviour with exponents in agreement with brain experimental data if local homeostasis is provided.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, review article, accepted version to appear in Journal of Physics: Complexity
On the stratified dust distribution of the GG Tau circumbinary ring
Creators: name: Pinte, C.
name: Fouchet, L.
name: Menard, F.
name: Gonzalez, J. -F.
name: Duchene, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our objective is to study the vertical dust distribution in the circumbinary ring of the binary system GG Tau and to search for evidence of stratification, one of the first steps expected to occur during planet formation. We present a simultaneous analysis of four scattered light images spanning a range of wavelength from 800 nm to 3800 nm and compare them with (i) a parametric prescription for the vertical dust stratification, and (ii) with the results of SPH bi-fluid hydrodynamic calculations. The parametric prescription and hydrodynamical calculations of stratification both reproduce the observed brightness profiles well. These models also provide a correct match for the observed star/ring integrated flux ratio. Another solution with a well-mixed, but ``exotic'', dust size distribution also matches the brightness profile ratios but fails to match the star/ring flux ratio. These results give support to the presence of vertical stratification of the dust in the ring of GG Tau and further predict the presence of a radial stratification also.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Magnetic-glassy multicritical behavior of the three-dimensional +- J Ising model
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, M.
name: Toldin, F. Parisen
name: Pelissetto, A.
name: Vicari, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the three-dimensional $\pm J$ model defined on a simple cubic lattice and study its behavior close to the multicritical Nishimori point where the paramagnetic-ferromagnetic, the paramagnetic-glassy, and the ferromagnetic-glassy transition lines meet in the T-p phase diagram (p characterizes the disorder distribution and gives the fraction of ferromagnetic bonds). For this purpose we perform Monte Carlo simulations on cubic lattices of size $L\le 32$ and a finite-size scaling analysis of the numerical results. The magnetic-glassy multicritical point is found at $p^*=0.76820(4)$, along the Nishimori line given by $2p-1={\rm Tanh}(J/T)$. We determine the renormalization-group dimensions of the operators that control the renormalization-group flow close to the multicritical point, $y_1 = 1.02(5)$, $y_2 = 0.61(2)$, and the susceptibility exponent $η= -0.114(3)$. The temperature and crossover exponents are $ν=1/y_2=1.64(5)$ and $ϕ=y_1/y_2 = 1.67(10)$, respectively. We also investigate the model-A dynamics, obtaining the dynamic critical exponent $z = 5.0(5)$.
description: 17 pages
AXES-SDSS: comparison of SDSS galaxy groups with all-sky X-ray extended sources
Creators: name: Damsted, S.
name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Lietzen, H.
name: Mamon, G. A.
name: Comparat, J.
name: Tempel, E.
name: Dmitrieva, I.
name: Clerc, N.
name: Collins, C.
name: Gozaliasl, G.
name: Eckert, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the picture of X-ray emission of groups through the study of systematic differences in the optical properties of groups with and without X-ray emission and study the effect of large-scale density field on scaling relations. We present the identification of X-ray galaxy groups using a combination of RASS and SDSS data. We include new X-ray reanalysis of RASS, to include very extended (up to a size of half a degree) sources and account for differences in the limiting sensitivity towards compact and very extended X-ray emission. X-ray groups exhibit less scatter in the scaling relations and selecting the groups based on the extended X-ray emission leads to an additional scatter reduction. Most of the scatter for the optical groups is associated with a small (6%) fraction of outliers, primarily associated with low optical luminosity groups found in dense regions of the cosmic web. These groups are the primary candidates for being the contaminants in the optical group catalogues. Removing those groups from the optical group sample using optically measured properties only, leads to a substantial reduction in the scatter in the most scaling relations of the optical groups. We find a density dependence of both the X-ray and optical luminosity of groups, which we associate with the assembly bias. Abridged.
description: 16 pages, A&A, in press
Simulating Observations of Ices in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Ballering, Nicholas P.
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
name: Anderson, Dana E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ices are an important constituent of protoplanetary disks. New observational facilities, notably the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), will greatly enhance our view of disk ices by measuring their infrared spectral features. We present a suite of models to complement these upcoming observations. Our models use a kinetics-based gas-grain chemical evolution code to simulate the distribution of ices in a disk, followed by a radiative transfer code using a subset of key ice species to simulate the observations. We present models reflecting both molecular inheritance and chemical reset initial conditions. We find that near-to-mid-IR absorption features of H$_2$O, CO$_2$, and CH$_3$OH are readily observable in disk-integrated spectra of highly inclined disks while CO, NH$_3$, and CH$_4$ ice do not show prominent features. CH$_3$OH ice has low abundance and is not observable in the reset model, making this species an excellent diagnostic of initial chemical conditions. CO$_2$ ice features exhibit the greatest change over disk lifetime, decreasing and increasing for the inheritance and reset models, respectively. Spatially resolved spectra of edge-on disks, possible with JWST's integral field unit observing modes, are ideal for constraining the vertical distribution of ices and may be able to isolate features from ices closer to the midplane (e.g., CO) given sufficient sensitivity. Spatially-resolved spectra of face-on disks can trace scattered-light features from H$_2$O, CO$_2$, and CH$_3$OH, plus CO and CH$_4$ from the outermost regions. We additionally simulate far-IR H$_2$O ice emission features and find they are strongest for disks viewed face-on.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Constructing quantum games from non-factorizable joint probabilities
Creators: name: Iqbal, Azhar
name: Cheon, Taksu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A probabilistic framework is developed that gives a unifying perspective on both the classical and the quantum games. We suggest exploiting peculiar probabilities involved in Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiments to construct quantum games. In our framework a game attains classical interpretation when joint probabilities are factorizable and a quantum game corresponds when these probabilities cannot be factorized. We analyze how non-factorizability changes Nash equilibria in two-player games while considering the games of Prisoner's Dilemma, Stag Hunt, and Chicken. In this framework we find that for the game of Prisoner's Dilemma even non-factorizable EPR joint probabilities cannot be helpful to escape from the classical outcome of the game. For a particular version of the Chicken game, however, we find that the two non-factorizable sets of joint probabilities, that maximally violates the Clauser-Holt-Shimony-Horne (CHSH) sum of correlations, indeed result in new Nash equilibria.
description: Revised in light of referee's comments, submitted to Physical Review E
On AdS$_3$/ICFT$_2$ with a dynamical scalar field located on the brane
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Lyu, Hong-Da
name: Wang, Chuan-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit holographic duality to study the system of a one-dimensional interface contacting two semi-infinite two-dimensional CFTs. Central to our investigation is the introduction of a dynamical scalar field located on the bulk interface brane which breaks the scaling symmetry of the dual interface field theory, along with its consequential backreaction on the system. We define an interface entropy from holographic entanglement entropy. At zero temperature we construct several illustrative examples and observe that the $g$-theorem is always satisfied. These examples also reveal distinct features of the interface entropy that are intricately linked to the scalar potential profiles. At finite temperature we find that the dynamical scalar field enables the bulk theory to have new configurations which would be infeasible solely with a tension term on the interface brane.
description: 64 pages, many figures; v2: minor improvements, references added; v3: published version
Mocyta breviuscula
Creators: name: Webster, Reginald
name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Pelletier, Georges
name: Savard, Karine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Mocyta
Mocyta breviuscula

description: Mocyta breviuscula (Mäklin, 1852) Fig 52, Map 52 New Records. CANADA, New Brunswick, Restigouche Co., 9 km S of Saint Arthur, 47.8177°N, 66.7561°W, 14.VI.2006 (1 ♀, RWC). Bionomic Notes. In New Brunswick, this species was found in an eastern white cedar swamp in sphagnum and litter. Collection method: sifting. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AK, YT, BC, NB, NS (Gusarov 2003; Lohse et al. 1990; Gouix and Klimaszewski 2007; Majka and Klimaszewski 2008; Klimaszewski et al. 2008b).
description: Published as part of Webster, Reginald, Klimaszewski, Jan, Pelletier, Georges & Savard, Karine, 2009, New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada. I. Aleocharinae, pp. 171-248 in ZooKeys 22 (22) on page 235, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.22.152, http://zenodo.org/record/576537
description: {"references": ["Maklin FW (1852) New species and notes. In: Mannerheim CG (Ed) Zweiter Nachtrag zur Kaefer-Fauna der Nord-Amerikanischen Laender der Russischen Reiches. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 25: 283 - 372.", "Gusarov VI (2003) Revision of some types of North American aleocharines (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), with synonymic notes. Zootaxa 353: 1 - 134.", "Gouix N, Klimaszewski J (2007) Catalogue of Aleocharine Rove Beetles of Canada and Alaska (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 165 pp.", "Klimaszewski J, Savard K, Pelletier G, Webster R (2008 b) Species review of the genus Gnypeta Thomson from Canada, Alaska and Greenland (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae): systematics, bionomics and distribution. ZooKeys 2: 11 - 84."]}
Remarks to Glazek's results on n-ary groups
Creators: name: Dudek, Wieslaw A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N15

description: It is a survey of the results obtained by K. Glazek's and his co-workers. We restrict our attention to the problems of axiomatizations of n-ary groups, classes of n-ary groups, properties of skew elements and homomorphisms induced by skew elements, constructions of covering groups, classifications and representations of n-ary groups. Some new results are added too.
description: 22 pages
Clifford Algebras and Possible Kinematics
Creators: name: McRae, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review Bacry and Levy-Leblond's work on possible kinematics as applied to 2-dimensional spacetimes, as well as the nine types of 2-dimensional Cayley-Klein geometries, illustrating how the Cayley-Klein geometries give homogeneous spacetimes for all but one of the kinematical groups. We then construct a two-parameter family of Clifford algebras that give a unified framework for representing both the Lie algebras as well as the kinematical groups, showing that these groups are true rotation groups. In addition we give conformal models for these spacetimes.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Women in Zhang Ailing's short stories : an insight into her vision of life and place in Chinese literature
Creators: name: Le, Nga
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: My ultimate goal in writing this thesis is to define the uniqueness of Zhang Ailing's vision of life, based on specific meanings detected in the formal aspects of her fiction, and to assess Zhang's artistry in the context of Chinese literature. I proceed, first, by analyzing the reciprocal relationship of form and meaning in Zhang Ailing's short stories. The formal aspects of Zhang's works reveal meaningful details about the oppressive situations of her female characters. The way they each respond to their situations differs by their aggressive or submissive characters, and conformist, independent or rebellious thoughts. Their antiromantic attitude characteristically reflects the author's vision of life. Zhang's thoughts and emotions which constitute this vision of life will be inferred, next, from details related to her female characterization, but also beyond these confines. It is interesting to peel off Zhang's reputation of being a stern, emotionless writer and perceive underneath it her psychological and moral preoccupations, and underlying emotions. Conversely, I will elicit the influence of Zhang's vision of life on her aesthetic expression. Finally, Zhang's originality and talent can only be assessed accurately in light of the traditional and modern Chinese literary background. Continuities can be established regarding her female topics and characterization; but a stronger feminine consciousness is discovered in Zhang's works. The traditional Chinese lyrical expression is creatively dissimulated behind her symbolic use of environment and impressionistic description of people. Zhang's mastery of the unity of form and content, her vivid style and use of cinematic techniques in literature greatly enhance her artistry.
Gravitational lensing by an ellipsoidal Navarro--Frenk--White dark-matter halo: An analytic solution and its properties
Creators: name: Heyrovský, David
name: Karamazov, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of gravitational lensing by galaxies and galaxy clusters typically relies on ellipsoidal lens models to describe the deflection of light by the involved dark-matter halos. These models are most often based on the isothermal density profile -- not an optimal description of the halo, but easy to use because it leads to an analytic deflection-angle formula. Dark-matter halos are better described by the Navarro--Frenk--White (NFW) density profile. We set out to study lensing by a general triaxial ellipsoidal NFW halo, with the aim of providing an analytic model that would be more consistent with the current understanding of dark-matter halos. We computed the conversion between the properties of a triaxial ellipsoidal lens model and its elliptical surface-density profile. In the case of the NFW lens model, its angular scale is defined by the projected scale semi-major axis of the halo, while its lensing regime depends on two parameters: the projected eccentricity $e$ and the convergence parameter $κ_\text{s}$. We employed the Bourassa \& Kantowski formalism to compute the complex scattering function of the model, which yields the deflection-angle components when separated into its real and imaginary parts. We present the obtained closed-form expressions for the deflection-angle components, valid for an arbitrary eccentricity of the surface-density profile. We use them to compute and describe the lensing properties of the model, including: the shear, its components, and the phase; the critical curves, caustics, and the parameter-space mapping of their geometries; the deformations and orientations of images. The analytically solved ellipsoidal NFW lens model is available for implementation in gravitational lensing software. The techniques introduced here such as the image-plane analysis can prove to be useful for understanding the properties of other lens models as well.
description: 41 pages, 20 figures, published in A&A
Quantum Gravity and Maximum Attainable Velocities in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Alfaro, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A main difficulty in the quantization of the gravitational field is the lack of experiments that discriminate among the theories proposed to quantize gravity. Recently we showed that the Standard Model(SM) itself contains tiny Lorentz invariance violation(LIV) terms coming from QG. All terms depend on one arbitrary parameter $α$ that set the scale of QG effects. In this talk we review the LIV for mesons nucleons and leptons and apply it to study several effects, including the GZK anomaly.
description: latex, 9 pages, Talk at the VI Silafae, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, November 1-8,2006. Added references
TASVIRIY SAN'AT MASHG'ULOTLARIDA BOLALARNING MUSTAQIL FIKRLASHINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Creators: name: Xalloqova, Maksudaxon
name: Omonjonova, Gulsanam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada tasviriy san’at mashg‘ulotlari orqali bolalarning mustaqil fikrlash qobiliyatini rivojlantirish muhimligi tahlil qilinadi. Mustaqil fikrlashning ahamiyati, uni shakllantirish usullari va pedagogik yondashuvlar bayon etiladi.
The mechanics and physics of twisted and coiled polymer actuators
Creators: name: Wang, Qiong
name: Ghrayeb, Anan
name: Kim, SeongHyeon
name: Cheng, Liuyang
name: Tawfick, Sameh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted and coiled polymer actuators (TCPAs) generate large contractile mechanical work mimicking natural muscles, which makes them suitable for robotics and health-assistive devices. Understanding the mechanism of nylon TCPA remains challenging due to the interplay between their intricate geometry, chirality, residual stresses, and material microstructure. This study integrates a material microstructure model with rod theory to analytically predict the equilibrium helical shape of the nylon TCPA after fabrication and to explain the observed contraction mechanism upon stimulation. The first ingredient of the model is to treat nylon as a two-phase thermomechanical microstructure system capable of storing strain energy and exchanging it among the two phases. This is validated by characterizing the torsional actuation response of twisted and annealed nylon fibers. The second ingredient of the model is to use the classic Kirchhoff Rod Theory and add a necessary term that couples the bending and twisting energy. Validation with experiments shows that the model captures the equilibrium and longitudinal stiffness of the TCPA in both active and passive states, and the stimulated contraction under external load. Importantly, the model quantifies the influence of the stored energy level on the actuation performance. These concepts can be extended to other types of TCPAs and could enable new material design.
Tensor renormalization group study of the 3d $O(2)$ model
Creators: name: Bloch, Jacques
name: Jha, Raghav G.
name: Lohmayer, Robert
name: Meister, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate thermodynamic potentials and their derivatives for the three-dimensional $O(2)$ model using tensor-network methods to investigate the well-known second-order phase transition. We also consider the model at non-zero chemical potential to study the Silver Blaze phenomenon, which is related to the particle number density at zero temperature. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of the number density is explored using asymmetric lattices. Our results for both zero and non-zero magnetic field, temperature, and chemical potential are consistent with those obtained using other methods.
description: v1: 9 pages with 8 figures, v2: Minor corrections with revised Fig. 7a closer to the critical value, version matches the one accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Detangling the quantum tapestry of intra-channel interference in below-threshold nonsequential double ionization with few-cycle laser pulses
Creators: name: Hashim, S.
name: Tenney, R.
name: Faria, C. Figueira de Morisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic analysis of single-channel quantum interference in laser-induced nonsequential double ionization with few-cycle pulses, using the strong-field approximation. We focus on a below-threshold intensity for which the recollision-excitation with subsequent ionization (RESI) mechanism is prevalent. We derive and classify several analytic interference conditions for single-channel RESI in arbitrary driving fields, and address specific issues for few-cycle pulses. Since the cycles in a short pulse are no longer equivalent, there are several events whose dominance varies. We quantify this dominance for single excitation channels by proposing a dominance parameter. Moreover, there will be many more types of superimposed interference fringes that must be taken into consideration. We find an intricate tapestry of patterns arising from phase differences related to symmetrization, temporal shifts and a combination of exchange and event interference.
description: 34 pages, 24 figures; in the revised version, some references have been added, the introduction has been slightly altered and the conclusions have been considerably extended
title: Das luxemburgische Schulsystem und seine Schulen
Creators: name: Backes, Susanne
name: Lenz, Thomas
Publisher: name: Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET) & Service de Coordination de la Recherche et de l’Innovation pédagogiques et technologiques (SCRIPT)
Year: 2021

description: Nationaler Bildungsbericht Luxemburg 2021