cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dark Matter, Shared Asymmetries, and Galactic Gamma Ray Signals
Creators: name: Fonseca, Nayara
name: Necib, Lina
name: Thaler, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel dark matter scenario where the visible sector and the dark sector share a common asymmetry. The two sectors are connected through an unstable mediator with baryon number one, allowing the standard model baryon asymmetry to be shared with dark matter via semi-annihilation. The present-day abundance of dark matter is then set by thermal freeze-out of this semi-annihilation process, yielding an asymmetric version of the WIMP miracle as well as promising signals for indirect detection experiments. As a proof of concept, we find a viable region of parameter space consistent with the observed Fermi excess of GeV gamma rays from the galactic center.
description: 20+12 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; v2: references added, minor corrections to CMB bounds; v3: footnotes added for clarification, updated appendix A, conclusions unchanged, version to appear in JCAP
Approximate helical symmetry in compact binaries
Creators: name: Khairnar, Aniket
name: Stein, Leo C.
name: Boyle, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inspiral of a circular, non-precessing binary exhibits an approximate helical symmetry. The effects of eccentricity, precession, and radiation reaction break the exact symmetry. We estimate the failure of this symmetry using the flux of the BMS charge corresponding to helical symmetry carried away by gravitational waves. We analytically compute the helical flux for binaries moving on eccentric orbits and quasi-circular orbits without precession using post-Newtonian theory. The helical flux is non-vanishing at the 0PN order for eccentric orbits as expected. We analytically predict the helical flux to be at a relative 5PN order for quasi-circular non-precessing binaries. This prediction is compared with 113 quasi-circular non-precessing numerical relativity waveforms from the SXS catalog. We find good agreement between analytical and numerical results for quasi-circular non-precessing binaries establishing that helical symmetry starts to break at 5PN for these binaries.
description: 9+1 pages, 4 figures. Comments welcome
Tests of Sapphire Crystals Produced with Different Growth Processes for Ultra-stable Microwave Oscillators
Creators: name: Giordano, Vincent
name: Fluhr, Christophe
name: Grop, Serge
name: Dubois, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the characterization of 8-12 GHz whispering gallery mode resonators machined in high-quality sapphire crystals elaborated with different growth techniques. These microwave resonators are intended to constitute the reference frequency of ultra-stable Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators. We conducted systematic tests near 4 K on these crystals to determine the unloaded Q-factor and the turnover temperature for whispering gallery modes in the 8-12 GHz frequency range. These characterizations show that high quality sapphire crystals elaborated with the Heat Exchange or the Kyropoulos growth technique are both suitable to meet a fractional frequency stability better than 1x10-15 for 1 s to 10.000 s integration times.
description: 7 figures
Parallel algorithms and concentration bounds for the Lovasz Local Lemma via witness DAGs
Creators: name: Haeupler, Bernhard
name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Lovász Local Lemma (LLL) is a cornerstone principle in the probabilistic method of combinatorics, and a seminal algorithm of Moser & Tardos (2010) provides an efficient randomized algorithm to implement it. This can be parallelized to give an algorithm that uses polynomially many processors and runs in $O(\log^3 n)$ time on an EREW PRAM, stemming from $O(\log n)$ adaptive computations of a maximal independent set (MIS). Chung et al. (2014) developed faster local and parallel algorithms, potentially running in time $O(\log^2 n)$, but these algorithms require more stringent conditions than the LLL. We give a new parallel algorithm that works under essentially the same conditions as the original algorithm of Moser & Tardos but uses only a single MIS computation, thus running in $O(\log^2 n)$ time on an EREW PRAM. This can be derandomized to give an NC algorithm running in time $O(\log^2 n)$ as well, speeding up a previous NC LLL algorithm of Chandrasekaran et al. (2013). We also provide improved and tighter bounds on the run-times of the sequential and parallel resampling-based algorithms originally developed by Moser & Tardos. These apply to any problem instance in which the tighter Shearer LLL criterion is satisfied.
Dramatic Raman Gain Suppression in the Vicinity of the Zero Dispersion Point in Gas-Filled Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber
Creators: name: Bauerschmidt, Sebastian T.
name: Novoa, David
name: Russell, Philip St. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1964 Bloembergen and Shen predicted that Raman gain could be suppressed if the rates of phonon creation and annihilation (by inelastic scattering) exactly balance. This is only possible if the momentum required for each process is identical, i.e., phonon coherence waves created by pump-to-Stokes scattering are identical to those annihilated in pump-to-anti-Stokes scattering. In bulk gas cells, this can only be achieved over limited interaction lengths at an oblique angle to the pump axis. Here we report a simple system that provides dramatic Raman gain suppression over long collinear path-lengths in hydrogen. It consists of a gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber whose zero dispersion point is pressure-adjusted to lie close to the pump laser wavelength. At a certain precise pressure, generation of Stokes light in the fundamental mode is completely suppressed, allowing other much weaker nonlinear processes to be explored.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
title: The value of comprehensive preoperative examination with visualization perforator vessels in a group of patients with deep and widespread defects of the skin and soft tissues
Creators: name: Cherednychenko, Natalia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Extremities
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Surgery
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Complications
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Increase efficiency of surgical treatment in a group of patients with deep and widespread defects of the skin and soft tissues (DWDSST) by the preoperative imaging and evaluating of the perforator...
Virus transfer from personal protective equipment to healthcare employees' skin and clothing
Creators: name: Alfano-Sobsey, E.
name: Sobsey, M.
name: Rutala, W.A.
name: Casanova, L.
name: Weber, D.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We evaluated a personal protective equipment removal protocol designed to minimize wearer contamination with pathogens. Following this protocol often resulted in virus transfer to hands and clothing. An altered protocol or other measures are needed to prevent healthcare worker contamination.
(103161) Gwendoline Ruth Ellen Maish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Improved bounds and algorithms for graph cuts and network reliability
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
name: Srinivasan, Aravind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Karger (SIAM Journal on Computing, 1999) developed the first fully-polynomial approximation scheme to estimate the probability that a graph $G$ becomes disconnected, given that its edges are removed independently with probability $p$. This algorithm runs in $n^{5+o(1)} ε^{-3}$ time to obtain an estimate within relative error $ε$. We improve this run-time through algorithmic and graph-theoretic advances. First, there is a certain key sub-problem encountered by Karger, for which a generic estimation procedure is employed, we show that this has a special structure for which a much more efficient algorithm can be used. Second, we show better bounds on the number of edge cuts which are likely to fail. Here, Karger's analysis uses a variety of bounds for various graph parameters, we show that these bounds cannot be simultaneously tight. We describe a new graph parameter, which simultaneously influences all the bounds used by Karger, and obtain much tighter estimates of the cut structure of $G$. These techniques allow us to improve the runtime to $n^{3+o(1)} ε^{-2}$, our results also rigorously prove certain experimental observations of Karger & Tai (Proc. ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 1997). Our rigorous proofs are motivated by certain non-rigorous differential-equation approximations which, however, provably track the worst-case trajectories of the relevant parameters. A key driver of Karger's approach (and other cut-related results) is a bound on the number of small cuts: we improve these estimates when the min-cut size is "small" and odd, augmenting, in part, a result of Bixby (Bulletin of the AMS, 1974).
title: The Value of Axial Loading in MRI of Lumbar Spine
Creators: name: Bulja, Deniz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Hernia
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Low back pain represents symptomatologic complex characterized by pain localized to lumbar region eventually associated with radicular irradiation. 1 A significant number of patients with clinical symptoms of low back pain do not have corresponding...
(103163) Nora Madeliene Maish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria: I: Multicenter prevalence study in cystic fibrosis
Creators: name:  Edwards, L.J.
name:  Chakraborti, S.
name:  Lee, J.-H.
name:  Handler, A.
name: Olivier, K.N.
name:  Schechter, M.S.
name:  Weber, D.J.
name:  Zhang, Y.
name:  Wilson, R.W.
name:  Wallace Jr., R.J.
name:  Brown-Elliot, B.A.
name:  Faiz, A.R.
name:  Knowles, M.R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are potential respiratory pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). To assess the species-specific prevalence and risk factors for acquisition, we conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study of the prevalence of NTM and clinical features of patients at 21 U.S. centers. Almost 10% of patients with CF who were 10 years or older were included (n = 986). The overall prevalence of NTM in sputum was 13.0% (range by center, 7-24%). Mycobacterium avium complex (72%) and Mycobacterium abscessus (16%) were the most common species. When compared with patients with CF without NTM, culture-positive subjects were older (26 vs. 22 years, p < 0.001), had a higher FEV1 (60 vs. 54%, p 0.01), higher frequency of Staphylococcus aureus (43 vs. 31%, p 0.01), and lower frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (71 vs. 82%, p < 0.01). Molecular typing revealed that almost all patients within each center had unique NTM strains. In summary, NTM are common in patients with CF, but neither person-to-person nor nosocomial acquisition explained the high prevalence. Older age was the most significant predictor for isolation of NTM. The clinical significance of NTM in CF is incompletely defined, but patients with these organisms should be monitored with repeat cultures.
A Comparison of Spectroscopic versus Imaging Techniques for Detecting Close Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest
Creators: name: Teske, Johanna K.
name: Everett, Mark E.
name: Hirsch, Lea
name: Furlan, Elise
name: Horch, Elliott P.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Gonzales, Erica
name: Crepp, Justin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abbreviated) Kepler planet candidates require both spectroscopic and imaging follow-up observations to rule out false positives and detect blended stars. [...] In this paper, we examine a sample of 11 Kepler host stars with companions detected by two techniques -- near-infrared adaptive optics and/or optical speckle interferometry imaging, and a new spectroscopic deblending method. We compare the companion Teff and flux ratios (F_B/F_A, where A is the primary and B is the companion) derived from each technique, and find no cases where both companion parameters agree within 1sigma errors. In 3/11 cases the companion Teff values agree within 1sigma errors, and in 2/11 cases the companion F_B/F_A values agree within 1sigma errors. Examining each Kepler system individually considering multiple avenues (isochrone mapping, contrast curves, probability of being bound), we suggest two cases for which the techniques most likely agree in their companion detections (detect the same companion star). Overall, our results support the advantage the spectroscopic deblending technique has for finding very close-in companions ($θ\lesssim$0.02-0.05") that are not easily detectable with imaging. However, we also specifically show how high-contrast AO and speckle imaging observations detect companions at larger separations ($θ\geq$0.02-0.05") that are missed by the spectroscopic technique, provide additional information for characterizing the companion and its potential contamination (e.g., PA, separation, $Δ$m), and cover a wider range of primary star effective temperatures. The investigation presented here illustrates the utility of combining the two techniques to reveal higher-order multiples in known planet-hosting systems.
description: Accepted to AJ. 40 pages, 12 figures
Extreme violation of local realism in quantum hypergraph states
Creators: name: Gachechiladze, Mariami
name: Budroni, Costantino
name: Gühne, Otfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypergraph states form a family of multiparticle quantum states that generalizes the well-known concept of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, cluster states, and more broadly graph states. We study the nonlocal properties of quantum hypergraph states. We demonstrate that the correlations in hypergraph states can be used to derive various types of nonlocality proofs, including Hardy-type arguments and Bell inequalities for genuine multiparticle nonlocality. Moreover, we show that hypergraph states allow for an exponentially increasing violation of local realism which is robust against loss of particles. Our results suggest that certain classes of hypergraph states are novel resources for quantum metrology and measurement-based quantum computation.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure, v3: final version
title: An audit of preceding ultrasound findings and recommendations in 100 cases of abnormal MRCP
Creators: name: Hesni, Susan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Surgery
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The RCR demands 90% accuracy in the identification of MRCP-detected biliary diltation on preceding ultrasound. They also specify that 100% of ultrasound reports comment on the presence of biliary diltation and recommend further imaging if the cause...
Ethnographic study and Participatory Action-Research in Non-Formal Education, Artistic experiences and hope: identity issues of displaced children Ashti IDPs Camp, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq June to September 2017
Creators: name: Albane, Buriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: art education
humanitaire d'urgence
hope
refugees
camp
Middle east
children
ISIS

description: The ongoing conflicts, political instability and the rise of religious and community radicalism, of which Daesh is the sad stigma, characterize Iraq for many years, especially since the disappearance of the "strong man" Saddam Hussein. Since the summer of 2014, particularly at a time when the Daesh fighters have seized power over a large part of Iraq, population movements have been brisk, displacing more than 3.2 million people within their own country, particularly in northern Iraq. This ethnography studies the experience of the displacement of children and their parents, most of whom have sought refuge in the Ashti camp in Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan, for the past three years. This study aims to question and understand the hopes of these children, through artistic practices in the framework of Non-Formal Education (NFE). Ashti camp is rich in complexity because it is home to different communities: Sunni Arabs, Yazidis, Shabaks and Turkmen. It is the only camp with this originality in Iraqi Kurdistan. The trajectories are varied, the situations and hopes are equally diverse. The camp is a temporary facility that is not intended to be fixed, but it is consolidated over time and protracted conflict situations. What must be an emergency solution; in a reduced time becomes the norm in the margin by integrating processes of installation in a place that is not intended to be one. The camps are becoming a permanent solution as an example in the humanitarian management of these forced exiles. Times are torn between an emergency that remains in need of moving out of an "off-ground" territory in order to be able to find its roots or take root in a social environment that allows these individuals to rethink their possibilities. This ethnography shows that, in contexts of forced displacement where the past and the future coexist strangely, children abound in imagination and that it is important for the adults around them and the educational agents to help them to build their future in a creative way. It is also intended to lay the groundwork for a more detailed research project that will examine, in particular, the consideration of the identities, hopes and expectations of children by educational entities.
Distributed $(Δ+1)$-Coloring in Sublogarithmic Rounds
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
name: Schneider, Johannes
name: Su, Hsin-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: We give a new randomized distributed algorithm for $(Δ+1)$-coloring in the LOCAL model, running in $O(\sqrt{\log Δ})+ 2^{O(\sqrt{\log \log n})}$ rounds in a graph of maximum degree~$Δ$. This implies that the $(Δ+1)$-coloring problem is easier than the maximal independent set problem and the maximal matching problem, due to their lower bounds of $Ω\left( \min \left( \sqrt{\frac{\log n}{\log \log n}}, \frac{\log Δ}{\log \log Δ} \right) \right)$ by Kuhn, Moscibroda, and Wattenhofer [PODC'04]. Our algorithm also extends to list-coloring where the palette of each node contains $Δ+1$ colors. We extend the set of distributed symmetry-breaking techniques by performing a decomposition of graphs into dense and sparse parts.
On the relevance of matter and glue dynamics for baryon number fluctuations
Creators: name: Fu, Wei-jie
name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of the matter and glue dynamics on baryon number fluctuations and the kurtosis of baryon number distribution. This is done within the framework of QCD-improved low energy effective models. In particular we include the momentum scale dependence of the quark-meson scattering and the non-trivial dispersions of both, quarks and mesons. On the gluonic side we take into account the backreaction of the matter sector on the glue dynamics. It is shown that the above fluctuations lead to a more rapid change of the baryon number fluctuations as well as the kurtosis of with the chiral crossover. We also study the signatures of quark confinement in low energy QCD. It is shown that contrary to the common picture the effective thermal distribution in the presence of confining glue backgrounds does not tend towards the colourless baryonic one. Instead, the dominance of colourless hadronic states is obtained in a subtle interplay of quark and glue contributions to the canonical potential.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures
HEPA respirators and tuberculosis in hospital workers
Creators: name: Anglim, A.M.
name: Bishop, C.
name: Sherertz, R.J.
name: Brown, V.
name: Farr, B.M.
name: Sobel, E.
name: Streed, S.A.
name: Weber, D.J.
name: Adal, K.A.
name: Rutala, W.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Adal et al. (July 21 issue)1 demonstrate that at the University of Virginia Hospital, where the incidence of tuberculosis is low, the infection controls already instituted may be sufficient and the cost of adding respirators with high-efficiency particulate air filters (HEPA respirators) for their 3852 workers is impressively high. The situation is different at our hospital, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center in South Bronx, New York. In contrast to their figure of 11 patients with documented tuberculosis per year, we have over 160 such patients per year, of whom approximately 30 percent have multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
title: CT Enterography Evaluation of Small Intestine Neuroendocrine Tumours and Correlation with 68Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT Findings
Creators: name: Fonseca, Diogo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Small bowel
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: CT
subject: PET-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Staging
subject: Embolisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The objective of this presentation is to review and illustrate imaging findings of small intestine neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) on computed tomography (CT) enterography and to correlate with findings from 68 Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT. There are still no...
Unidirectional sub-diffraction waveguiding based on optical spin-orbit coupling in subwavelength plasmonic waveguides
Creators: name: Lefier, Yannick
name: Grosjean, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subwavelength plasmonic waveguides show the unique ability of strongly localizing (down to the nanoscale) and guiding light. These structures are intrinsically two-way optical communication channels, providing two opposite light propagation directions. As a consequence, when light is coupled to these planar integrated devices directly from the top (or bottom) surface using strongly focused beams, it is equally shared into the two opposite propagation directions. Here, we show that symmetry can be broken by using incident circularly polarized light, on the basis of a spin-orbital angular momentum transfer directly within waveguide bends. We predict that up to 94 \% of the incoupled light is directed into a single propagation channel of a gap plasmon waveguide. Unidirectional propagation of strongly localized optical energy, far beyond the diffraction limit, becomes switchable by polarization, with no need of intermediate nano-antennas/scatterers as light directors. This study may open new perspectives in a large panel of scientific domains, such as nanophotonic circuitry, routing and sorting, optical nanosensing, nano-optical trapping and manipulation.
title: Splenic aneurysms: Endovascular treatment. How? When?
Creators: name: Lorenzo Górriz, Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Aneurysms
subject: Embolisation
subject: Arterial access
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Spleen
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To review therapeutic indications so as key radiological findings for considering endovascular treatment of splenic artery aneurysms as treatment to follow. To review the cases treated in our institution in the last five years. Analyze the...
Some results on chromatic number as a function of triangle count
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A variety of powerful extremal results have been shown for the chromatic number of triangle-free graphs. Three noteworthy bounds are in terms of the number of vertices, edges, and maximum degree given by Poljak \& Tuza (1994), and Johansson. There have been comparatively fewer works extending these types of bounds to graphs with a small number of triangles. One noteworthy exception is a result of Alon et. al (1999) bounding the chromatic number for graphs with low degree and few triangles per vertex; this bound is nearly the same as for triangle-free graphs. This type of parametrization is much less rigid, and has appeared in dozens of combinatorial constructions. In this paper, we show a similar type of result for $χ(G)$ as a function of the number of vertices $n$, the number of edges $m$, as well as the triangle count (both local and global measures). Our results smoothly interpolate between the generic bounds true for all graphs and bounds for triangle-free graphs. Our results are tight for most of these cases; we show how an open problem regarding fractional chromatic number and degeneracy in triangle-free graphs can resolve the small remaining gap in our bounds.
Tight bounds and conjectures for the isolation lemma
Creators: name: Faber, Vance
name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a hypergraph $H$ and a weight function $w: V \rightarrow \{1, \dots, M\}$ on its vertices, we say that $w$ is isolating if there is exactly one edge of minimum weight $w(e) = \sum_{i \in e} w(i)$. The Isolation Lemma is a combinatorial principle introduced in Mulmuley et. al (1987) which gives a lower bound on the number of isolating weight functions. Mulmuley used this as the basis of a parallel algorithm for finding perfect graph matchings. It has a number of other applications to parallel algorithms and to reductions of general search problems to unique search problems (in which there are one or zero solutions). The original bound given by Mulmuley et al. was recently improved by Ta-Shma (2015). In this paper, we show improved lower bounds on the number of isolating weight functions, and we conjecture that the extremal case is when $H$ consists of $n$ singleton edges. When $M \gg n$ our improved bound matches this extremal case asymptotically. We are able to show that this conjecture holds in a number of special cases: when $H$ is a linear hypergraph or is 1-degenerate, or when $M = 2$. We also show that it holds asymptotically when $M \gg n \gg 1$.
Gravitating sphalerons in the Skyrme model
Creators: name: Shnir, Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct self-gravitating axially symmetric sphaleron solutions of the 3+1 dimensional Skyrme model coupled to Einstein gravity. The solutions are static and asymptotically flat, they are characterized by two integers n and m, where n is the winding numbers of the constituents and the second integer m defines type of the solution. These configuration correspond to the chains of charge n Skyrmions and charge -n anti-Skyrmions placed along the axis of symmetry in alternating order. We investigate the dependency of the masses of the gravitating sphalerons on the gravitational coupling. We find new chains of self-gravitating |n| = 1 Skyrmions-anti-Skyrmions (S-A) which emerge at some critical non-zero value of the gravitational coupling and do not have flat space limit. In contrast, the branches of self-gravitating |n| $\ge$ 2 S-A chains emerge from the corresponding flat space configurations. In both cases these branches merge at some maximal value of the effective gravitational coupling the branches of different type. The branch of gravitating S-A pair extends all the way back to the limit of vanishing coupling constant where solutions approach the corresponding generalised Bartnik-McKinnon solutions. The upper branch of gravitating S-A-S chain exist up to some critical value of the gravitational coupling at which the chain becomes broken. We further find that for small values of the coupling constant on the upper branches, the solutions correspond to composite systems, consisting of a scaled inner Einstein-Yang-Mills solution and outer Skyrmions which are separating from the inner configuration.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
MPEC 2024-R177 : 2024 RH6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RH6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Secret Lives of Cepheids: A Multi-Wavelength Study of the Atmospheres and Real-Time Evolution of Classical Cepheids
Creators: name: Engle, Scott G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary goal of this study is to observe how complex the behaviors of Cepheids can be, and to show how the continued monitoring of Cepheids at multiple wavelengths can begin to reveal their "secret lives." We aim to achieve this through optical photometry, UV spectroscopy and X-ray imaging. Through Villanova's guaranteed access to ground-based telescopes, we have secured well-covered light curves as regularly as possible. Amplitudes and times of max brightness were obtained and compared to previous literature results. At UV wavelengths, we have secured hi-res spectra of 2 nearby Cepheids - delta Cep and beta Dor - with HST-COS. Also, we have obtained X-ray images of 5 Cepheids with XMM-Newton and the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and further observations with both satellites have been proposed for (XMM) and approved (Chandra). Optical photometry has shown that 8 of the 10 observed Cepheids have amplitude variability, or hints thereof, and all 10 show period variability (recent, long-term or possibly periodic). The UV spectra reveal emission lines from heated atmospheric plasmas of 10^4 - 10^5 K that vary in phase with the Cepheid pulsations. The X-ray images have detected the three nearest Cepheids observed (Polaris, delta Cep and beta Dor), while the distances of the other two place their fluxes likely at or below detector background levels. The X-ray fluxes for delta Cep show possible phased variability, but anti-correlated with the UV emission lines (i.e. high X-ray flux during low UV flux, and vice versa). Further data are required to ultimately confirm Blazhko-like cycles in Cepheids, X-ray variability with phase and the particulars of the high-energy variability such as phase-lags between atmospheric plasma emissions of different temperature and the exact contributions of the possible heating mechanism.
description: Thesis (Ph.D.) -- James Cook University, 2015
(103165) Kathleen Isabel Maish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Transient elastography for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients
Creators: name: Lupsor-Platon, Monica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Elastography
subject: Staging
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Transient elastography (TE) is a non-invasive method for predicting liver fibrosis by measuring liver stiffness (LS), mainly validated in patients with viral hepatitis. We aim to evaluate the performance of TE in a cohort of consecutive NASH...
Derandomized concentration bounds for polynomials, and hypergraph maximal independent set
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A parallel algorithm for maximal independent set (MIS) in hypergraphs has been a long-standing algorithmic challenge, dating back nearly 30 years to a survey of Karp & Ramachandran (1990). The best randomized parallel algorithm for hypergraphs of fixed rank $r$ was developed by Beame & Luby (1990) and Kelsen (1992), running in time roughly $(\log n)^{r!}$. We improve the randomized algorithm of Kelsen, reducing the runtime to roughly $(\log n)^{2^r}$ and simplifying the analysis through the use of more-modern concentration inequalities. We also give a method for derandomizing concentration bounds for low-degree polynomials, which are the key technical tool used to analyze that algorithm. This leads to a deterministic PRAM algorithm also running in $(\log n)^{2^{r+3}}$ time and $\text{poly}(m,n)$ processors. This is the first deterministic algorithm with sub-polynomial runtime for hypergraphs of rank $r > 3$. Our analysis can also apply when $r$ is slowly growing; using this in conjunction with a strategy of Bercea et al. (2015) gives a deterministic MIS algorithm running in time $\exp(O( \frac{\log (mn)}{\log \log (mn)}))$.
title: James Swyer syndrome: Radiological findings of a little known entity.
Creators: name: Quispe Mauricio, Angel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Anatomy
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: PACS
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the radiographic findings that make us suspect the James Swyer syndrome. To illustrate the most frequent radiological characteristics on CT and its role for an adequate...
title: The role of MSCT – angiography in early detection of lower limbs arterial lesions in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
Creators: name: Šaponjski, Dušan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atelectasis
subject: Screening
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease which is characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis, fetal loss and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in the serum. It is characterized by accelerated atherosclerosis. Increased...
Comparison of two convergence criteria for the variable-assignment Lopsided Lovasz Local Lemma
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Lopsided Lovasz Local Lemma (LLLL) is a cornerstone probabilistic tool for showing that it is possible to avoid a collection of "bad" events as long as their probabilities and interdependencies are sufficiently small. The strongest possible criterion in these terms is due to Shearer (1985), although it is technically difficult to apply to constructions in combinatorics. The original formulation of the LLLL was non-constructive; a seminal algorithm of Moser & Tardos (2010) gave an efficient algorithm for nearly all its applications, including to $k$-SAT instances where each variable appears in a bounded number of clauses. Harris (2015) later gave an alternate criterion for this algorithm to converge; unlike the LLL criterion or its variants, this criterion depends in a fundamental way on the decomposition of bad-events into variables. In this note, we show that the criterion given by Harris can be stronger in some cases even than Shearer's criterion. We construct $k$-SAT formulas with bounded variable occurrence, and show that the criterion of Harris is satisfied while the criterion of Shearer is violated. In fact, there is an exponentially growing gap between the bounds provable from any form of the LLLL and from the bound shown by Harris.
Multifractal to monofractal evolution of the London's street network
Creators: name: Murcio, Roberto
name: Masucci, A. Paolo
name: Arcaute, Elsa
name: Batty, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a multifractal analysis of the evolution of London's street network from 1786 to 2010. First, we show that a single fractal dimension, commonly associated with the morphological description of cities, does not su ce to capture the dynamics of the system. Instead, for a proper characterization of such a dynamics, the multifractal spectrum needs to be considered. Our analysis reveals that London evolves from an inhomogeneous fractal structure, that can be described in terms of a multifractal, to a homogeneous one, that converges to monofractality. We argue that London's multifractal to monofracal evolution might be a special outcome of the constraint imposed on its growth by a green belt. Through a series of simulations, we show that multifractal objects, constructed through di usion limited aggregation, evolve towards monofractality if their growth is constrained by a non-permeable boundary.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
title: Imaging of hearing loss in adults: A clinico-radiological perspective.
Creators: name: Patil, Prafulla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Hearing involves a complicated pathway that carries sound waves fromthe external ear through the middle ear and inner ear to the central auditory pathway, the latter consisting of a complex network of neurons and nuclei that connect the inner earto...
title: Imaging of the facial nerve: A review of anatomy and pathology
Creators: name: Patil, Prafulla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The facial nerve (VII)is a mixed cranial nerve with very complex anatomy which is affected by a wide variety of primary pathologic processes and may also be secondarily involvedin several disorders of the brain, temporal bone, and parotid...
Lopsidependency in the Moser-Tardos framework: Beyond the Lopsided Lovasz Local Lemma
Creators: name: Harris, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Lopsided Lovász Local Lemma (LLLL) is a powerful probabilistic principle which has been used in a variety of combinatorial constructions. While originally a general statement about probability spaces, it has recently been transformed into a variety of polynomial-time algorithms. The resampling algorithm of Moser & Tardos (2010) is the most well-known example of this. A variety of criteria have been shown for the LLLL; the strongest possible criterion was shown by Shearer, and other criteria which are easier to use computationally have been shown by Bissacot et al (2011), Pegden (2014), Kolipaka & Szegedy (2011), and Kolipaka, Szegedy, Xu (2012). We show a new criterion for the Moser-Tardos algorithm to converge. This criterion is stronger than the LLLL criterion; this is possible because it does not apply in the same generality as the original LLLL; yet, it is strong enough to cover many applications of the LLLL in combinatorics. We show a variety of new bounds and algorithms. A noteworthy application is for $k$-SAT, with bounded occurrences of variables. As shown in Gebauer, Szábo, and Tardos (2011), a $k$-SAT instance in which every variable appears $L \leq \frac{2^{k+1}}{e (k+1)}$ times, is satisfiable. Although this bound is asymptotically tight (in $k$), we improve it to $L \leq \frac{2^{k+1} (1 - 1/k)^k}{k-1} - \frac{2}{k}$ which can be significantly stronger when $k$ is small. We introduce a new parallel algorithm for the LLLL. While Moser & Tardos described a simple parallel algorithm for the Lovász Local Lemma, and described a simple sequential algorithm for a form of the Lopsided Lemma, they were not able to combine the two. Our new algorithm applies in nearly all settings in which the sequential algorithm works --- this includes settings covered by our new stronger LLLL criterion.
Robust determination of superconducting gap sign changes via quasiparticle interference
Creators: name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Altenfeld, D.
name: Eremin, I.
name: Mazin, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase-sensitive measurements of the superconducting gap in Fe-based superconductors have proven more difficult than originally anticipated. While quasiparticle interference (QPI) measurements based on scanning tunneling spectroscopy are often proposed as defnitive tests of gap structure, the analysis typically relies on details of the model employed. Here we point out that the temperature dependence of momentum-integrated QPI data can be used to identify gap sign changes in a qualitative way, and present an illustration for $s_{\pm}$ and $s_{++}$ states in a system with typical Fe-pnictide Fermi surface.
description: published version
title: Imaging of orbital inflammatory disease
Creators: name: Lamot, Urška
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Eyes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this poster is: • to learn the most common sites of involvement of orbital inflammatory disease (OID) • to describe radiological imaging methods and protocols used in the imaging of OID • to learn the morphological...