cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Balanced Multiresolution in Multilevel Focus+Context Visualization
Creators: name: Hasan, Mahmudul
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: focus+context visualization
subject: contextual close-up
subject: symmetric extension
subject: antisymmetric extension
subject: multiresolution
subject: reverse subdivision
subject: balanced decomposition
subject: perfect reconstruction
subject: lossless reconstruction
subject: balanced wavelet transform
subject: balanced integer wavelet transform
subject: Education--Mathematics
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: Given a set of symmetric/antisymmetric filter vectors containing only regular multiresolution filters, the method we present in this thesis can establish a balanced multiresolution (BMR) scheme for images, allowing their balanced decomposition and subsequent perfect reconstruction without the use of any extraordinary boundary filters. We define balanced multiresolution such that it allows balanced decomposition i.e. decomposition of a high-resolution image into a low-resolution image and corresponding details of equal size. Several applications of such a decomposition result in a balanced wavelet transform (BWT) that makes on-demand reconstruction of regions of interest (ROIs) efficient in both computational load and implementation aspects. We find such decomposition and perfect reconstruction based on an appropriate combination of symmetric/antisymmetric extensions near the image and detail boundaries. In our method, exploiting such extensions correlates to performing sample (pixel/voxel) split operations. We demonstrate our general approach for some commonly used symmetric/antisymmetric multiresolution filters. We also show the application of such a balanced multiresolution scheme in constructing an interactive multilevel focus+context visualization framework for the navigation and exploration of large-scale 2D and 3D images. Typically, the given filters are floating-point values, so our BWTs reversibly map integers to floating-point i.e. real values. We extend our balanced multiresolution framework further to construct reversible integer-to-integer BWTs from a given symmetric/antisymmetric decomposition filter vector of width less or equal to four. In our approach, we adjust the linear combination of fine samples suggested by the given decomposition vector using optimal sample split operations in combination with a rounding operation. Such adjustments translate an affine integer combination of fine samples to obtain an integer coarse sample, which closely approximates the floating-point coarse sample suggested by the given decomposition filter vector. The associated translation vectors give us the detail samples. Furthermore, when necessary, we construct every other detail sample differently in order to ensure local perfect reconstruction. Compared to their integer-to-real counterparts, the resulting reversible integer-to-integer BWTs occupy less memory, offer better compressibility, and do not require sample quantization for rendering purposes.
The Productivity Trap
Creators: name: Zhang, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Writing Flag Award
Video games
productivity
personal
UGS

description: This is a personal essay written for UGS 303: Playing and Writing that discusses the concept of productive versus unproductive activities and nuances therein that often go overlooked. I examine this through the lens of two activities that have deeply impacted my life: DECA, an international business competition, and the Overwatch League, an esports league for a popular video game.
States, models and unitary equivalence I: Representation theorems and analogical reasoning
Creators: name: Amarante, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: I show that virtually any model of decision making under uncertainty is associated to a certain structure. This contains three fundamental ingredients: (1) The domain of the acts; (2) Another set, which is called the set of models for the decision maker; and (3) The decision maker's information about the set of models (an algebra of subsets of the set of models). A consequence of this finding is that that the decision maker's choices can be viewed as the outcome of a two-stage process. First, the set of acts is mapped into a system of hypothetical bets on the set of models. Then, the latter are ranked by the decision maker. I show that this procedure can be thought of as describing a general form of analogical reasoning. I also observe that the appearance of two different sets implies that the decision maker is uncertain about two different objects and that he may receive information about any of them. In particular, information about the set of models affects the decision maker's ranking of the available alternatives. In the sequel to this paper, I show that certain natural information structures lead to an inherent inability of assigning probabilities on the domain of the acts. In a formal sense, their properties describe the idea of Knightian Uncertainty.
Additional file 5 of Validation of the German version of the needs assessment tool: progressive disease-heart failure
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Valentina
name: Guyer, Jelena
name: Luethi, Nora
name: Sobanski, Piotr
name: Zbinden, Rut
name: Rodriguez, Eveline
name: Hunziker, Lukas
name: Eychmüller, Steffen
name: Maessen, Maud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Original version (English) of the “Needs Assessment Tool: Progressive Disease-Heart Failure (NAT: PD-HF)”.
The Real Effects of Asset Market Bubbles: Loan- and Firm-Level Evidence of a Lending Channel
Creators: name: Gan, Jie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Finance
Banks and banking

description: This paper studies how a shock to the financial health of banks, caused by a decline in the asset markets, affects the real economy. The land-market collapse in Japan provides an ideal testing field in separating the impact of a loan supply shock from demand shocks. I find that banks with greater real estate exposure have to reduce lending. Firms' investment and market valuation are negatively associated with their top lender's real estate exposure. The lending channel is economically important: it accounts for one-third of lending contraction, one-fifth of the decline in investment, and a quarter of value loss.
Solanum racemosum var. igneum O. E. Schulz
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum racemosum
Solanum racemosum jacq. var. igneum (l.) o.e. schulz in urb., symb. antill. 6: 225. 1909

description: Solanum racemosum Jacq. var. igneum (L.) O.E. Schulz in Urb., Symb. Antill. 6: 225. 1909 Type: Based on Solanum igneum L.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
SPAM -- Technological and Legal Aspects
Creators: name: Banday, M. Tariq
name: Qadri, Jameel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.6.5; K.4.4; D.4.6; K.4.2

description: In this paper an attempt is made to review technological, economical and legal aspects of the spam in detail. The technical details will include different techniques of spam control e.g., filtering techniques, Genetic Algorithm, Memory Based Classifier, Support Vector Machine Method, etc. The economic aspect includes Shaping/Rate Throttling Approach/Economic Filtering and Pricing/Payment based spam control. Finally, the paper discusses the legal provisions for the control of spam. The scope of the legal options is limited to USA, European Union, New Zealand, Canada, Britain and Australia.
Automatic Classification of Text Databases Through Query Probing
Creators: name: Ipeirotis, Panagiotis G.
name: Gravano, Luis
name: Sahami, Mehran
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: Many text databases on the web are 'hidden' behind search interfaces, and their documents are only accessible through querying. Search engines typically ignore the contents of such search-only databases. Recently, Yahoo-like directories have started to manually organize these databases into categories that users can browse to find these valuable resources. We propose a novel strategy to automate the classification of search-only text databases. Our technique starts by training a rule-based document classifier, and then uses the classifier's rules to generate probing queries. The queries are sent to the text databases, which are then classified based on the number of matches that they produce for each query. We report some initial exploratory experiments that show that our approach is promising to automatically characterize the contents of text databases accessible on the web.
Additional file 6 of Validation of the German version of the needs assessment tool: progressive disease-heart failure
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Valentina
name: Guyer, Jelena
name: Luethi, Nora
name: Sobanski, Piotr
name: Zbinden, Rut
name: Rodriguez, Eveline
name: Hunziker, Lukas
name: Eychmüller, Steffen
name: Maessen, Maud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Changes made for the cultural adaptation.
Extraction of the surplus in standard auctions
Creators: name: Amarante, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Commerce

description: Crémer and McLean [2] and McAfee and Reny [4] showed that, in "nearly all auctions", the seller can offer a mechanism that obtains full rent extraction. Later, Robert [8] showed that the result fails in the presence of either limited liability or risk aversion. This paper provides yet another reason. It shows that the full rent extraction result fails if the seller is restricted to using auctions where the bidders' payments to the seller depend on the bids alone. Our interest for this problem is motivated by the fact that both the "standard model of auction" ([3]) as well as the most popular auctions display this feature. As a general matter, the proof shows that full rent extraction results fail whenever the mechanism uses only part of the information embodied in a player's type.
Additional file 7 of Validation of the German version of the needs assessment tool: progressive disease-heart failure
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Valentina
name: Guyer, Jelena
name: Luethi, Nora
name: Sobanski, Piotr
name: Zbinden, Rut
name: Rodriguez, Eveline
name: Hunziker, Lukas
name: Eychmüller, Steffen
name: Maessen, Maud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7. Table 1. Matrix of the weights used to assess inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability.
Bronchial responsiveness profile of provincial level sped skaters throughout a competitive season
Creators: name: Hooper, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Speed skating - Physiological aspects
subject: Exercise - Physiological aspects
subject: Respiration - Effect of exercise on
subject: Bronchial spasm
subject: Asthma

description: Bibliography: p. 105-131
There Exists a Problem Whose Computational Complexity is Any Given Function of the Information Complexity
Creators: name: Chu, Ming
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present an information-based complexity problem for which the computational complexity can be any given increasing function of the information complexity, and the information complexity can be any non-decreasing function of ε-1, where ε is the error parameter.
Simulating the Toothbrush: Evidence for a triple merger of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Bruggen, M.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The newly discovered galaxy cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214 hosts a 1.9 Mpc long, bright radio relic with a peculiar linear morphology. Using hydrodynamical +N-body AMR simulations of the merger between three initially hydrostatic clusters in an idealised setup, we are able to reconstruct the morphology of the radio relic. Based on our simulation, we can constrain the merger geometry, predict lensing mass measurements and X-ray observations. Comparing such models to X-ray, redshift and lensing data will validate the geometry of this complex merger which helps to constrain the parameters for shock acceleration of electrons that produces the radio relic.
description: accepted by MNRAS
Additional file 8 of Validation of the German version of the needs assessment tool: progressive disease-heart failure
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Valentina
name: Guyer, Jelena
name: Luethi, Nora
name: Sobanski, Piotr
name: Zbinden, Rut
name: Rodriguez, Eveline
name: Hunziker, Lukas
name: Eychmüller, Steffen
name: Maessen, Maud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8. Table 2. Frequency of answers from the first application of the tool.
Mechanics and dynamics of thin wall machining
Creators: name: Eksioglu, Muhittin Caner
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Peripheral milling of thin walled aerospace components takes considerable amount of machining time as blank blocks are cut down to thin webs under excessive structural oscillations during the process. Unstable chatter vibrations and stable forced vibrations cause poor surface finish on the machined part. Predicting the process mechanics in advance eliminates the time consuming trial and error approach in reducing the vibrations which are within the tolerance limits of the part. This thesis presents the mathematical modeling of the peripheral milling of the thin walls with helical end mills. The cutting forces, vibrations and dimensional form errors left on the finish surface are predicted under stable but forced vibration conditions. The chatter stability diagram of the operation is predicted by using both frequency and semi-discrete time domain models. The relative vibrations between the flexible part and slender end mill are consi-dered. The tool and the workpiece are discretized along the contact axis to include effect of varying cutting forces and structural dynamics. The differential milling forces are evaluated from the static chip loads contributed by the rigid body motion of the milling operation, and dynamic chip loads caused by the relative vibrations between the flexible tool and flexible thin part. The different cylindrical end mill geometries with regular and non-uniform pitch and helix angles, and low speed process damping effects are included in the dynamic force model. The dynamic properties of the flexible structures are represented by expe-rimentally evaluated modal model in order to reduce the number of linear, periodic, delayed differential equations solved in frequency and time domain computations. The periodic, delayed differential equations are solved by the semi discrete time domain method to predict the amplitude of vibrations and forces. The equations of motion are simplified to constant coefficient type ordinary differential equations, and surface location errors are calculated by frequency domain solver. Chatter stability lobes are calculated using semi discrete time domain and fre-quency domain methods. Chatter stability solvers are validated by conducting chatter tests for roughing and finishing stages of thin walled aluminum part at high cutting speeds, and low speed machining of rigid steel block.
Inversion of Toeplitz Matrices with Only Two Standard Equations
Creators: name: Labahn, George
name: Shalom, Tamir
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: It is shown that the invertibility of a Toeplitz matrix can be determined through the solvability of two standard equations. The inverse matrix is represented by two of its columns (which are the solutions of the two standard equations), and the entries of the original Toeplitz matrix.
Series Crimes
Creators: name: Stoutemyer, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 30E10, 30E15, 40-04, 41-04

description: Puiseux series are power series in which the exponents can be fractional and/or negative rational numbers. Several computer algebra systems have one or more built-in or loadable functions for computing truncated Puiseux series. Some are generalized to allow coefficients containing functions of the series variable that are dominated by any power of that variable, such as logarithms and nested logarithms of the series variable. Some computer algebra systems also have built-in or loadable functions that compute infinite Puiseux series. Unfortunately, there are some little-known pitfalls in computing Puiseux series. The most serious of these is expansions within branch cuts or at branch points that are incorrect for some directions in the complex plane. For example with each series implementation accessible to you: Compare the value of (z^2 + z^3)^(3/2) with that of its truncated series expansion about z = 0, approximated at z = -0.01. Does the series converge to a value that is the negative of the correct value? Compare the value of ln(z^2 + z^3) with its truncated series expansion about z = 0, approximated at z = -0.01 + 0.1i. Does the series converge to a value that is incorrect by 2pi i? Compare arctanh(-2 + ln(z)z) with its truncated series expansion about z = 0, approximated at z = -0.01. Does the series converge to a value that is incorrect by about pi i? At the time of this writing, most implementations that accommodate such series exhibit such errors. This article describes how to avoid these errors both for manual derivation of series and when implementing series packages.
description: 36 pages, 5 tables, to appear in ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
Solanum persicifolium var. parvifolium O. E. Schulz
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum persicifolium
Solanum persicifolium dunal var. parvifolium (vahl) o.e. schulz in urb., symb. antill. 6: 227. 1909

description: Solanum persicifolium Dunal var. parvifolium (Vahl) O.E. Schulz in Urb., Symb. Antill. 6: 227. 1909 Type: Based on Solanum igneum L. var. parvifolium Vahl.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Static spherically symmetric star in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Zhou, Kang
name: Yang, Zhan-Ying
name: Zou, De-Cheng
name: Yue, Rui-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore static spherically symmetric stars in the Gauss-Bonnet gravity without cosmological constant, and present an exact internal solution which attaches to the exterior vacuum solution outside stars. It turns out that the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term with a positive coupling constant completely changes thermal and gravitational energies, and the upper bound of red shift of spectral lines from the surface of stars. Unlike in general relativity, the upper bound of red shift is dependent on the density of stars in our case. Moreover, we have proven that two theorems for judging the stability of equilibrium of stars in general relativity can be hold in Gauss-Bonnet gravity.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures and some new references added
Parallel Evaluation of Datalog Programs by Load Sharing
Creators: name: Wolfson, Ouri
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: We propose a method of parallelizing the evaluation of data-intensive Dalalog programs. The method is distinguished by the fact that it is pure i.e., does not require interprocessor communication, or synchronization overhead. The method cannot be used to parallelize every Datalog program, but we syntactically characterize several classes of Dalalog programs that are sharable, i.e., programs to which the method can be applied. We also provide a characterization of a class of nonsharable programs, and demonstrate that sharability is a fundamental notion that is independent of the syntactic parallelization method proposed in this paper. This notion is related to bottom-up evaluation (we propose a formal characterization of this type of control-strategies) and to program classification.
Additional file 9 of Validation of the German version of the needs assessment tool: progressive disease-heart failure
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Valentina
name: Guyer, Jelena
name: Luethi, Nora
name: Sobanski, Piotr
name: Zbinden, Rut
name: Rodriguez, Eveline
name: Hunziker, Lukas
name: Eychmüller, Steffen
name: Maessen, Maud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9. Table 3. Sensitivity analysis to assess the inter-rater reliability for each one of second evaluators.
Full-Text Indexing Based on Lexical Relations
Creators: name: Smadja, Frank A.
name: Maarek, Yoelle S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: In contrast to other kinds of libraries, software libraries need to be conceptually organized. When looking for a component, the main concern of users is the functionality of the desired component; implementation details are secondary. Software reuse would be enhanced with conceptually organized large libraries of software components. In this paper, we present GURU, a tool that allows automatical building of such large software libraries from documented software components. We focus here on GURU's indexing component which extracts conceptual attributes from natural language documentation. This indexing method is based on words' co-occurrences. It first uses EXTRACT, a co-occurrence knowledge compiler for extracting potential attributes from textual documents. Conceptually relevant collocations are then selected according to their resolving power, which scales down the noise due to context words. This fully automated indexing tool thus goes further than keyword-based tools in the understanding of a document without the brittleness of knowledge based tools. The indexing component of GURU is fully implemented, and some results are given in the paper.
Observation of Spontaneous Brillouin Cooling
Creators: name: Bahl, Gaurav
name: Tomes, Matthew
name: Marquardt, Florian
name: Carmon, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While radiation-pressure cooling is well known, the Brillouin scattering of light from sound is considered an acousto-optical amplification-only process. It was suggested that cooling could be possible in multi-resonance Brillouin systems when phonons experience lower damping than light. However, this regime was not accessible in traditional Brillouin systems since backscattering enforces high acoustical frequencies associated with high mechanical damping. Recently, forward Brillouin scattering in microcavities has allowed access to low-frequency acoustical modes where mechanical dissipation is lower than optical dissipation, in accordance with the requirements for cooling. Here we experimentally demonstrate cooling via such a forward Brillouin process in a microresonator. We show two regimes of operation for the Brillouin process: acoustical amplification as is traditional, but also for the first time, a Brillouin cooling regime. Cooling is mediated by an optical pump, and scattered light, that beat and electrostrictively attenuate the Brownian motion of the mechanical mode.
description: Supplementary material included
Turkish MNEs steady on their course despite crisis, survey finds
Creators: name: Aybar, Sedat
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Business
Finance

description: Kadir Has University (KHU), KPMG Turkey (KPMG-T) and the Foreign Economic Relations Board (DEIK), all based in Istanbul, Turkey, and the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC), a joint initiative of the Columbia Law School and The Earth Institute at Columbia University in New York, are releasing the results of their second annual survey of Turkish multinational enterprises (MNEs). Conducted in 2010, the survey is part of a long-term study of the rapid global expansion of MNEs from emerging markets and covers the period 2008–2009.
Additional file 1 of Clinical leaders and providers’ perspectives on delivering medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder in Veteran Affairs’ facilities
Creators: name: Hawkins, Eric J.
name: Danner, Anissa N.
name: Malte, Carol A.
name: Blanchard, Brittany E.
name: Williams, Emily C.
name: Hagedorn, Hildi J.
name: Gordon, Adam J.
name: Drexler, Karen
name: Burden, Jennifer L.
name: Knoeppel, Jennifer
name: Lott, Aline
name: Sayre, George G.
name: Midboe, Amanda M.
name: Saxon, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Stepped Care for Opioid Use Disorder Train the Trainer initiative (SCOUTT) Survey Description of data: 43-Item SCOUTT Survey Instrument developed based on review of published studies examining provider- and systems-level barriers and facilitators to providing MOUD.
Activities of γ-ray emitting isotopes in rainwater from Greater Sudbury, Canada following the Fukushima incident
Creators: name: Cleveland, B. T.
name: Duncan, F. A.
name: Lawson, I. T.
name: Smith, N. J. T.
name: Vazquez-Jauregui, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the activity measured in rainwater samples collected in the Greater Sudbury area of eastern Canada on 3, 16, 20, and 26 April 2011. The samples were gamma-ray counted in a germanium detector and the isotopes 131I and 137Cs, produced by the fission of 235U, and 134Cs, produced by neutron capture on 133Cs, were observed at elevated levels compared to a reference sample of ice-water. These elevated activities are ascribed to the accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear reactor complex in Japan that followed the 11 March earthquake and tsunami. The activity levels observed at no time presented health concerns.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures
D-branes in Generalized Geometry and Dirac-Born-Infeld Action
Creators: name: Asakawa, Tsuguhiko
name: Sasa, Shuhei
name: Watamura, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to formulate the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action in a framework of generalized geometry and clarify its symmetry. A D-brane is defined as a Dirac structure where scalar fields and gauge field are treated on an equal footing in a static gauge. We derive generalized Lie derivatives corresponding to the diffeomorphism and B-field gauge transformations and show that the DBI action is invariant under non-linearly realized symmetries for all types of diffeomorphisms and B-field gauge transformations. Consequently, we can interpret not only the scalar field but also the gauge field on the D-brane as the generalized Nambu-Goldstone boson.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures, ver2:typos corrected, references added
Additional file 3 of Sepsis at ICU admission does not decrease 30-day survival in very old patients: a post-hoc analysis of the VIP1 multinational cohort study
Creators: name: Ibarz, Mercedes
name: Boumendil, Ariane
name: Haas, Lenneke E. M.
name: Irazabal, Marian
name: Flaatten, Hans
name: de Lange, Dylan W.
name: Morandi, Alessandro
name: Andersen, Finn H.
name: Bertolini, Guido
name: Cecconi, Maurizio
name: Christensen, Steffen
name: Faraldi, Loredana
name: Fjølner, Jesper
name: Jung, Christian
name: Marsh, Brian
name: Moreno, Rui
name: Oeyen, Sandra
name: Öhman, Christina Agwald
name: Bollen Pinto, Bernardo
name: Soliman, Ivo W.
name: Szczeklik, Wojciech
name: Valentin, Andreas
name: Watson, Ximena
name: Zaferidis, Tilemachos
name: Guidet, Bertrand
name: Artigas, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Science Policy
Mental Health
Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Information about region and country of the included patients.
alpha_s from tau decays revisited
Creators: name: Boito, D.
name: Cata, O.
name: Golterman, M.
name: Jamin, M.
name: Maltman, K.
name: Osborne, J.
name: Peris, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Being a determination at low energies, the analysis of hadronic tau decay data provides a rather precise determination of the strong coupling alpha_s after evolving the result to M_Z. At such a level of precision, even small non-perturbative effects become relevant for the central value and error. While those effects had been taken into account in the framework of the operator product expansion, contributions going beyond it, so-called duality violations, have previously been neglected. The following investigation fills this gap through a finite-energy sum rule analysis of tau decay spectra from the OPAL experiment, including duality violations and performing a consistent fit of all appearing QCD parameters. The resulting values for alpha_s(M_tau) are 0.307(19) in fixed-order perturbation theory and 0.322(26) in contour-improved perturbation theory, which translates to the n_f=5 values 0.1169(25) and 0.1187(32) at M_Z, respectively.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Prepared for the Proceedings of the International Workshop on e+e- collisions from Phi to Psi (PHIPSI11), Sep. 19-22, 2011, BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
Why a Single Parallelization Strategy Is Not Enough in Knowledge Bases
Creators: name: Cohen, Simona Rabinovici
name: Wolfson, Ouri
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: We address the problem of parallelizing the evaluation of logic programs in data intensive applications. We argue that the appropriate parallelization strategy for logic-program evaluation depends on the program being evaluated. Therefore, this paper is concerned with the issues of program classification and parallelization strategies. We propose several parallelization strategies based on the concept of data reduction—the original logic program is evaluated by several processors working in parallel, each using only a subset of the database. The strategies differ on the evaluation cost, the overhead of communication and synchronization among processors, and the programs to which they are applicable. In particular, we start our study with pure parallelization, i.e., parallelization without overhead. An interesting class structure of logic programs is demonstrated, when considering amenability to pure parallelization. The relationship to the NC complexity class is demonstrated. Then we propose strategies that do incur an overhead, but are optimal in a sense that will be precisely defined. This paper makes the initial steps towards a theory of parallel logic programming.
Extraction of the surplus in standard auctions
Creators: name: Amarante, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: Crémer and McLean [1] and McAfee and Reny [3] showed that, in "nearly all auctions", the seller can offer a mechanism that obtains full rent extraction. The mechanism designed by Crémer and McLean differs from standard procedures in several respects. Notably, (a) bidders are required to buy "lotteries" in order to participate at the auction; (b) bidders are treated non-anonymously, in the sense that different bidders are given different strategic options; (c) the bidders' payments to the seller depend not only on the bids but also on some other "actions" taken by the bidders. In this paper, I keep (a) and (b), and impose that - like in the "standard model of auctions" - the bidders' payments to the seller depend on the bids alone. I find that the full-surplus extraction result no longer holds: There are "open sets" of auctions where the full extraction is not possible.
Extending Attribute Grammars to Support Programming-in-the-Large
Creators: name: Micallef, Josephine
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: Attribute grammars add specification of static semantic properties to context-free grammars, which in turn describe the syntactic structure of program units. However, context-free grammars cannot express programming-in-the-large features common in modern programming languages, including unordered collections of units, included units and sharing of included units. We present extensions to context-free grammars, and corresponding extensions to attribute grammars, suitable for defining such features. We explain how batch and incremental attribute evaluation algorithms can be adapted to support these extensions, resulting in a uniform approach to intra-unit and inter-unit static semantic analysis and translation of multi-unit programs.
Solanum persicifolium var. belloi O. E. Schulz
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum persicifolium
Solanum persicifolium dunal var. belloi o.e. schulz in urb., symb. antill. 6: 227. 1909

description: Solanum persicifolium Dunal var. belloi O.E. Schulz in Urb., Symb. Antill. 6: 227. 1909 Type: Puerto Rico. along seashore near Fajardo, 17 Feb 1900, A.A. Heller 4605 (lectotype, F [F-80757], designated here; isolectotypes, B [destroyed], MO, NY [NY00144404], P [P00368434]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Additional file 2 of Clinical leaders and providers’ perspectives on delivering medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder in Veteran Affairs’ facilities
Creators: name: Hawkins, Eric J.
name: Danner, Anissa N.
name: Malte, Carol A.
name: Blanchard, Brittany E.
name: Williams, Emily C.
name: Hagedorn, Hildi J.
name: Gordon, Adam J.
name: Drexler, Karen
name: Burden, Jennifer L.
name: Knoeppel, Jennifer
name: Lott, Aline
name: Sayre, George G.
name: Midboe, Amanda M.
name: Saxon, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2. 43-Item Survey Organized into 3 Content DomainsDescription of data: SCOUTT Survey Instrument Organized by CFIR Domains including inner setting, intervention characteristics, and individual characteristics to measure additional aspects of implementation.
Samsung and LG: From Also-Rans to Dominance in Consumer Electronics
Creators: name: Myers, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Asians
Business

description: Today Samsung is the world leader in flat screen TV and cell phone sales. LG is second in TV sales, fifth in cellphones. Samsung fabricated its first LCD screen in 1995, well after such screens already dominated laptop computers, and had shipped its first cell phone only in 1988. LG wasn’t even founded until 1958 when it started its development of the first Korean-made radios. By 1982 it shipped its first color TV – made in the USA. In this timeframe, not even twenty years ago, TV shipments were dominated by Japanese consumer manufacturers and cellphones were led by Motorola and Nokia. This paper explores possible sources of the secret to the Koreans’ success and finds that the usual metrics – in particular patents, Rand D investment, and low cost labor – don’t explain it. We speculate that “industrial policy” measures of the South Korean government may have been decisive.
New features of the triaxial nuclei described with a coherent state model
Creators: name: Raduta, A. A.
name: Buganu, P.
name: Faessler, Amand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supplementing the Liquid Drop Model (LDM) Hamiltonian, written in the intrinsic reference frame, with a sextic oscillator plus a centrifugal term in the variable $β$ and a potential in $γ$ with a minimum in $\fracπ{6}$, the Schödinger equation is separated for the two variables which results in having a new description for the triaxial nuclei, called Sextic and Mathieu Approach (SMA). SMA is applied for two non-axial nuclei, $^{180}$Hf and $^{182}$W and results are compared with those yielded by the Coherent State Model (CSM). As the main result of this paper we derive analytically the equations characterizing SMA from a semi-classical treatment of the CSM Hamiltonian. In this manner the potentials in $β$ and $γ$ variables respectively, show up in a quite natural way which contrasts their ad-hoc choice when SMA emerges from LDM.
description: 13 figures, 13 pages
An Improved Algorithm for Approximate String Matching
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
name: Park, Kunsoo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Given a text string, a pattern string, and an integer k, a new algorithm for finding all occurrences of the pattern string in the text string with at most k differences is presented. Both its theoretical and practical variants improve the known algorithms.
Solanum bahamense var. luxurians D'Arcy
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum bahamense
Solanum bahamense l. var. luxurians d'Arcy, ann. missouri bot. gard. 61: 838. 1974

description: Solanum bahamense L. var. luxurians D’Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 61: 838. 1974 Type: USA. Florida: Monroe Co., Key Largo, 21 Oct 1967, W.G. D’Arcy 2234 (holotype, FLAS; isotype, MO [MO-1963193]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Formation of Compact Stellar Clusters by High-Redshift Galaxy Outflows III: Observability and Connection to Halo Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Gray, William J
name: Scannapieco, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The early universe hosted a large population of low-mass virialized "minihalos," that were not massive enough to form stars on their own. While most minihalos were photoevaporated by ionizing photons from star-forming galaxies, these galaxies also drove large outflows, which in some cases would have reached the minihalos in advance of ionization fronts. In the previous papers in this series, we carried out high-resolution, three-dimensional adaptive mesh refinement simulations of outflow-minihalo interactions that included non-equilibrium chemistry, radiative cooling, and turbulent mixing. We found that, for a fiducial set of parameters, minihalos were transformed into dense, chemically homogenous stellar clusters. Here we conduct a suite of simulations that follow these interactions over a wide range of parameters including minihalo mass, minihalo formation redshift, outflow energy, outflow redshift, distance, concentration, and spin. In almost all cases, the shocked minihalos form molecules through nonequillibrium reactions and then cool rapidly to become compact, chemically-homogenous stellar clusters. Furthermore, we show that the unique properties of these clusters make them a prime target for direct study with the next generation of telescopes, and that there are many reasons to suspect that their low-redshift counterparts are the observed population of halo globular clusters.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Unhealthy lifestyles, environment, well-being and health capability in rural neighbourhoods: a community-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Azul, Anabela Marisa
name: Almendra, Ricardo
name: Quatorze, Marta
name: Loureiro, Adriana
name: Reis, Flávio
name: Tavares, Rui
name: Mota-Pinto, Anabela
name: Cunha, António
name: Rama, Luís
name: Malva, João Oliveira
name: Santana, Paula
name: Ramalho-Santos, João
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Evidence-based data by neighbourhoods’ type.
Improving public health through active transportation : understanding the influence of the built environment on decisions to travel by bicycle
Creators: name: Winters, Meghan Lesley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Urban transportation is a public and environmental health issue. In North America, where urban environments have been shown to influence transportation decisions and physical activity, over two-thirds of adults are inactive. Consequently, there is growing interest in promoting active transportation. Cycling in particular offers one of the greatest opportunities for change. This dissertation aimed to understand how to design cities to support cycling, to improve public health through increased active transportation. It applied quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the link between cycling and the built environment. The five studies that comprise this dissertation use data from the Cycling in Cities survey, which captured the opinions and travel behaviours of 2,149 current and potential cyclists across Metro Vancouver. The first study analyzed preferences for 16 types of cycling infrastructure, noting a clear desire for off-street and separated facilities, especially among women, people with children, and occasional and potential cyclists. The second study evaluated the relative importance of 73 potential motivators and deterrents. Environmental and engineering factors carried the strongest influence; specifically aspects related to scenery, topography, facility design, weather, and safety issues. The third and fourth studies mapped travel data to determine associations with measures of the built environment. The route choice analysis found that the majority of trips were less than 10% longer than the shortest distance route, and that bicycle trips detoured toward bicycle facilities and away from major roads, whereas car trips detoured toward highways and arterials. The mode choice analysis (bicycle versus car) made explicit consideration of the built environment around trip origin, destination and en route. Multi-level logistic modeling, adjusted for demographics and trip distance, showed significant associations with topography, cycling facilities, the road network and land use. The fifth study integrated these results with focus group findings to derive an evidence-based “bikeability” measure. The utility of the index was demonstrated through its application as a planning tool. Taken collectively, these studies contribute to both data and methodological gaps in prior health, planning, and transportation research. This dissertation provides evidence on environments that support cycling and presents a tool to guide strategies to improve conditions.
On the uniqueness of convex-ranged probabilities
Creators: name: Amarante, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics

description: We provide an alternative proof of a theorem of Marinacci [2] regarding the equality of two convex-ranged measures. Specifically, we show that, if P and Q are two nonatomic, countably additive probabilities on a measurable space (S, Σ), the condition [∃A∗ ∈ Σ with 0 < P(A∗) < 1 such that P(A∗) = P(B)=⇒ Q(A∗) = Q(B) whenever B∈Σ] is equivalent to the condition [∀A,B ∈ Σ P(A) > P(B)=⇒ Q(A) ≥ Q(B)]. Moreover, either one is equivalent to P = Q.
Additional file 1 of SARS-CoV-2 viral genes Nsp6, Nsp8, and M compromise cellular ATP levels to impair survival and function of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Creators: name: Liu, Juli
name: Wu, Shiyong
name: Zhang, Yucheng
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Liu, Sheng
name: Wan, Jun
name: Yang, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures.