cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Idee di paesaggio nei contesti educativi: attori, progetti e obiettivi
Creators: name: Cisani, Margherita
name: Castiglioni, Benedetta
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: The relations between education and landscape is a key issue within the current academic debate as well as a topic of numerous reflections and practices concerning the application of the European Landscape Convention. This article responds to the need for a greater knowledge of the Italian context, presenting the results of an online survey, which led to the mapping of numerous educational projects and teacher’s training activities, carried out between 2015 and 2017. From the analysis of the data it is possible to recognize some differences between school and non-formal education contexts, as well as common traits, such as the widespread tendency to consider mainly the transformations of the landscape that occurred in the past. Five different ‘ideas of landscape’, underlying the activities, have been also identified, testifying the multidimensionality and the richness, though not always fully grasped, of the concept of landscape as an object and a tool in educational contexts.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 17 No 1 (2019): In the Change. Progettiamo con il cambiamento
Transverse momentum distribution in hadrons. What can we learn from QCD?
Creators: name: Zhitnitsky, Boris Chibisov Ariel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some QCD constraints on light-cone $π$ meson wave function $ψ(\k, x)$ . The analysis is based on such general methods as dispersion relations, duality and PCAC. We calculate the asymptotical behavior of the wave function ($wf$) at the end-point region ($x\to 1$ and $\k\to\infty$) by analysing the corresponding large $n-$th moments in transverse $\la\vec{k}_{\perp}^{2n}\ra \sim n!$ and longitudinal $\la (2x-1)^n\ra \sim 1/n^2$ directions. This information fixes the asymptotic behavior of $wf$ at large $\k$ (which is turned out to be Gaussian commonly used in the phenomenological analyses). We discuss one particular application of the obtained results. We calculate the nonleading "soft" contribution to the pion form factor at intermediate momentum transfer. We argue, that due to the specific properties of $ψ(\k, x)$, the corresponding contribution can temporarily {\bf simulate} the leading twist behavior in the extent region of $ Q^2:~~3 GeV^2\leq Q^2\leq 40 GeV^2 $, where $Q^2 F(Q^2)\sim const.$ Such a mechanism, if it is correct, would be an explanation of the phenomenological success of the dimensional counting rules at available, very modest energies for many different processes. We discuss some inclusive amplitudes (like Drell Yan and Deep Inelastic) where intrinsic $π$ meson structure might be essential. The relation to the valence quark model is also discussed.
description: 20 pages+3 figures. Typos are corrected
Chirality selective spin interactions mediated by the superconducting current
Creators: name: Rabinovich, D. S.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Silaev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that superconducting correlations in the presence of non-zero condensate velocity can mediate the peculiar interaction between localized spins that breaks the global inversion symmetry of magnetic moments. The proposed interaction mechanism is capable of removing fundamental degeneracies between topologically distinct magnetic textures. For the generic system of three magnetic impurities in the current-carrying superconductor we find the energy term proportional to spin chirality. In realistic superconductor/ferromagnetic/superconductor setups we reveal significant energy differences between various magnetic textures with opposite chiralities. We calculate Josephson energies of junctions through left and right-handed magnetic helices as well as through the magnetic skyrmions with opposite topological charges. Relative energy shifts between otherwise degenerate magnetic textures in these setups are regulated by the externally controlled Josephson phase difference. The suggested low-dissipative manipulation with the skyrmion position in a racetrack geometry can be used for the advanced spintronics applications.
description: published version
Diffusion of individual nanoparticles in cylindrical diatom frustule
Creators: name: Tomioka, Naoki
name: Abe, Yusaku
name: Matsuda, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diatoms are characterised by silica cell walls (frustules), which have highly ordered micro-/nano-structures. As the synthesis of such structures remains challenging, diatom frustules offer a promissing alternative to conventional porous particles in micro-/nano-engineering. In particular, for applications in drag deliverly systems, biosensors, and filters, an understanding of particle motion inside diatoms is of great impotance. In this study, we investigated nanoparticle (NP) motions inside diatom frustules using the single particle tracking (SPT) method. For these measruements, the diameter of the NP was about one-tenth smaller than that of the frustule. Inside the frustule, the diffusion motions of the NPs were suppressed, but this suppression was weakened near the exit of the frustule. Moreover, diffusion anisotropy between the axial and radial directions of the frustule was observed. This anisotropy is difficult to detect with ensemble methods; thus, the SPT method is a powerful approach for investigating NP motions in frustules.
The salt flat that protects itself. A case for the Rights of Nature
Creators: name: Lastrucci, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: Through the case study of the Salar de Atacama, Chile, this work explores how environmental protection can go beyond conservation to become an opportunity and tool to resize the scale and presence of the extractive practices on the land. The study proposes to define a model of ‘protection’ for this region that transcend the anthropocentric models of environmental protection born in the Western world. It designs the political space and a series of protocols that allow the shift from protection to environmental care, which is inclusive of ways of living of the indigenous population, expanded cross species kinship and extra human living beings united in life around the Salar de Atacama.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 17 No 1 (2019): In the Change. Progettiamo con il cambiamento
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ КЛЕТОЧНОГО И ГУМОРАЛЬНОГО ИММУНИТЕТА ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ МОДЕЛЯХ ЭХИНОКОККОЗА ПЕЧЕНИ
Creators: name: Сафаров, Суннат
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Актуальность. Эхинококкоз, являясь паразитарном заболеванием, все еще продолжает оставаться серьезной проблемой не только в медицинской, но и в народнохозяйственной системе. Материал и методы. В основе разработки модели эхинококкоза печени нами использован прототип формирования солитарной кисты, из полученной во время оперативного вмешательства у больных с эхинококкозом печени живой дочерней эхинококковой кисты. Обобщены литературные и собственные данные о современных методах определения изменений клеточного гуморального иммунитета при различных экспериментальных моделях эхинококкоза, соответствующих принципам доказательной медицины.
Elastic turbulence in two-dimensional Taylor-Couette flows
Creators: name: van Buel, R.
name: Schaaf, C.
name: Stark, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the onset of elastic turbulence in a two-dimensional Taylor-Couette geometry using numerical solutions of the Oldroyd-B model, also performed at high Weissenberg numbers with the program OpenFOAM. Beyond a critical Weissenberg number, an elastic instability causes a supercritical transition from the laminar Taylor-Couette to a turbulent flow. The order parameter, the time average of secondary-flow strength, follows the scaling law $Φ\propto (\mathrm{Wi} -\mathrm{Wi}_c)^γ$ with $\mathrm{Wi}_c=10$ and $γ= 0.45$. The power spectrum of the velocity fluctuations shows a power-law decay with a characteristic exponent, which strongly depends on the radial position. It is greater than two, which we relate to the dimension of the geometry.
Second Language Learning
Creators: name: Afraa Ahmed Abdelkareem Ahmed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Human, English Language, Speaking,Conversation

description: Human beings distinguished with languages, speaking, talking and conversation. In this wide Information technology spread, it can be observed the expand of English language exactly through all the world. That is also noticed in most of the countries of the Middle East. The second language learning is more important than the mother tongue, because the people are contacting each other through different continents, countries, cities and villages. This contacting with his\her mobile in his hand, his pocket or her bag. The person need at least two languages to communicate with others around him or her.
Wasz korespondent donosi (dramat w trzech aktach)
Creators: name: Zegadłowicz, Emil
name: Koszyc-Szołajska, Maria
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
Year: 2024

description: RĘKOPIS ZAGINĄŁ, KOPII NIE MA 5 Konteksty genetyczne 6 Dramat odnaleziony 9 Dzików 10 Maria Koszyc-Szołajska 12 Radom 19 Tournée 22 Mohikanie 24 W obronie kultury 27 Interview 33 Stefan Jaracz 36 Maria Parafińska 43 Skróty kronikarskie 47 Dziewczyna 49 Pieśń Hiawathy 51 Domek z kart 53 Aurelia 54 Myśli Definicjusza 55 Natan, syn Dawida 59 Sen 61 Kurtyna w górę... 62 Tytuły 67 Dramatis personae 69 Klucz topograficzny 83 Pożar 85 Współautorstwo 89 Wasz korespondent donosi w przekazach Przekaz K 92 Przekaz Z1 93 Przekaz Z2 96 Notatki 98 Podziękowania 101 WASZ KORESPONDENT DONOSI AKT PIERWSZY 109 INTERVIEW AKT PIERWSZY 141 AKT TRZECI 157 MOHIKANIE AKT PIERWSZY 207 PRZYPISY 231 PRZYPISY JĘZYKOWE 269 NOTA EDYTORSKA 278 BIBLIOGRAFIA 282 INDEKS 290 WYKAZ ILUSTRACJI 298
description: Spośród bogatego dorobku artystycznego Emila Zegadłowicza (1888–1941) wiele jego dzieł, zwłaszcza tych powstałych po roku 1938, nie doczekało się dotychczas publikacji, stąd też twórczość pisarza znana jest wciąż fragmentarycznie. Dramat Wasz korespondent donosi jest nieznanym w historii polskiej literatury XX wieku i niepublikowanym dotychczas dziełem Emila Zegadłowicza. Sztuka powstała w latach 1939–1940, nie została opublikowana, ponieważ jej rękopis zaginął w czasie wojny w archiwum Stefana Jaracza. Obecnie drukowana edycja krytyczna dzieła rekonstruuje tekst sztuki na podstawie przekazów rękopiśmiennych sporządzonych przez autora, który odtworzył z pamięci tekst pierwszej redakcji dzieła. Konfrontacja wszystkich zachowanych wersji sztuki Wasz korespondent donosi pozwala na odtworzenie niemal w całości jej treści, co więcej – umożliwia śledzenie procesu konceptualizacji dzieła na przestrzeni prawie dwóch lat. Akcja dramatu rozgrywa się w pałacu hrabiego Anzelma Czerniowskiego, konserwatywnego, gorliwego obrońcy tradycyjnego porządku społecznego i obyczajowego. Pierwowzorem tej postaci był hrabia Zdzisław Tarnowski, rezydujący w rodowej posiadłości w Dzikowie. Taką identyfikację uzasadniają wszystkie przytoczone w dramacie szczegóły, oddające z iście reportażową ścisłością historię i tło faktograficzne żywota mieszkańców dzikowskiego zamku. Tematyką dramatu są polityczne przemiany społeczeństwa polskiego XX wieku, a przede wszystkim problematyka roli społecznej i budzącej się świadomości chłopskiej. Książka kierowana jest do szerokiego kręgu odbiorców, zarówno do czytelnika nieprofesjonalnego, jak i historyków literatury (w tym szczególnie znawców dziejów dramatu polskiego okresu dwudziestolecia międzywojennego).
Undici Visioni, 180 Km: Geostorie lungo il confine Italia-Slovenia-Austria
Creators: name: Venudo, Adriano
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: The article summarizes the research work developed by the Integrated Design Laboratory of Architecture and Building (CdLMCUA — DIA — UNITS) of the University of Trieste in coordination with the Faculty of Architecture of Ljubljana. The study investigated territories and landscapes along the 180km of the border between Italy-Slovenia and Austria, from Tarvisio to Trieste, trying to read and interpret the profound transformations that took place and are still in progress in this geographical area of Europe. This is a sample of a territorial phenomenon that affects the entire buffer of the border of the ‘ex-iron curtain’. The presence, the fall and then the transformation of the border itself spontaneously generated a new ‘geographical structure’ on the European scale. The research proposes a reflection on the territorial models between geography and architecture and eleven project proposals for the landscape rearrangement and the overall planning direction of the border areas in a perspective of cross-border cooperation with an approach to landscape urbanism.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 17 No 1 (2019): In the Change. Progettiamo con il cambiamento
Rome before Rome: the role of landscape elements, together with technological approaches, shaping the foundation of the Roman civilization
Creators: name: Cinquepalmi, Federico
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: Most of the ancient cities link their initial fortune to the uniqueness of their geographical position: rivers, hills, islands and natural resources are playing a fundamental role in the game of shaping a powerful future for any urban settlement. However, very few cities share the astonishing destiny of the City of Rome, where all those factors, together with the powerful boost of its citizen’s determination and their primitive but effective technologies, have contributed to design the fate of that urban area, establishing the basis of western civilization and giving a fundamental contribution of all humankind.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 17 No 1 (2019): In the Change. Progettiamo con il cambiamento
Simulation of Spin Chains with off-diagonal Coupling Using Inchworm Method
Creators: name: Sun, Yixiao
name: Wang, Geshuo
name: Cai, Zhenning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical simulation of open quantum spin chain with nearest neighboring coupling, where each spin in the chain is associated with a harmonic bath. This is an extension of our previous work [G. Wang and Z. Cai, J. Chem. Theory Comput., 19, 8523--8540, 2023] by generalizing the application of the inchworm method and the technique of modular path integrals from diagonally coupled cases to off-diagonally coupled cases. Additionally, to reduce computational and memory cost in long time simulation, we apply tensor-train representation to efficiently represent the reduced density matrix of the spin chains, and employ the transfer tensor method (TTM) to avoid exponential growth of computational cost with respect to time. Abundant numerical experiments are performed to validate our method.
Leptothorax
Creators: name: Forel, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown Publisher
Year: 1892
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Leptothorax

description: Genre LEPTOTHORAX, Mayr.
Les [[worker]], les [[queen]] et les [[male]] sont à peu près de même taille. Vivent en petites fourmilières sous l'écorce ou sous les pierres. Les poils du corps sont en général raides, courts, dentelés et obtus.
[[worker]]. Thorax étroit et allongé. Bord postérieur de l'épistome non contourne, ni relevé. Epistome sans dents. Massue des antennes de trois grands articles, dont le dernier beaucoup plus long que les autres. Antennes de douze articles (parfois de onze chez certaines espèces non malgaches). Métanotum bidenté ou bispineux. Corps en général rugueux.
Premier article du pédicule surmonté d'un n œ ud ordinairement anguleux. Abdomen tronqué devant. Cuisses en général renflées au milieu.
[[queen]]. Comme les [[worker]]. Thorax bas, étroit. Ailes hyalines, sans cellule discoï- dale. La nervure transverse s'unit à la nervure cubitale au point de partage.
[[male]]. Mêmes caractères distinctifs que l'ouvrière et la [[queen]]. Les antennes ont onze (parfois douze) articles. Le deuxième article du funicule n'est pas sensiblement plus long que le troisième.
Dans le tableau synoptique des genres, le genre Leptothorax doit être placé sous le chiffre 8, à côté de Monomorium, dont il se distingue par ses n œ uds anguleux, par ses petites 9, très semblables aux [[worker]], par ses poils, etc.
description: Published as part of Forel, A., 1892, Hymenopteres 2 (supplement au 28 fascicule). Les Formicides., pp. 232-280 in Histoire physique, naturelle et politique de Madagascar. 20., Paris :Unknown Publisher on pages 264-265
Residual-Based a posteriori error estimation for hp-adaptive finite element methods for the Stokes equations
Creators: name: Ghesmati, Arezou
name: Bangerth, Wolfgang
name: Turcksin, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive a residual-based a posteriori error estimator for the conforming hp-Adaptive Finite Element Method (hp-AFEM) for the steady state Stokes problem describing the slow motion of an incompressible fluid. This error estimator is obtained by extending the idea of a posteriori error estimation for the classical $h$-version of AFEM. We also establish the reliability and efficiency of the error estimator. The proofs are based on the well-known Clement-type interpolation operator introduced in 2005 in the context of the hp-AFEM. Numerical experiments show the performance of an adaptive hp-FEM algorithm using the proposed a posteriori error estimator.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
High efficiency spin-decoupled modulation using chiral C2-symmetric meta-atoms
Creators: name: Chen, Haohan
name: Wu, Jiepeng
name: He, Minglei
name: Wang, Hao
name: Wu, Xinen
name: Fan, Kezhou
name: Liu, Haiying
name: Li, Qiang
name: Wu, Lijun
name: Wong, Kam Sing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orthogonal circularly polarized light is essential for multiplexing tunable metasurfaces. Mainstream spin-decoupled metasurfaces, consisting of numerous meta-atoms with mirror symmetry, rely on the cooperative modulation of the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase and the propagation phase. This paper demonstrates spin-decoupled functionality through the synergistic utilization of planar chiral meta-atom phase response and PB phase. Based on the Jones calculus, it has been found that meta-atoms with chiral C2-symmetry owns a larger geometric parameter range with high cross-polarization ratio compared to those with mirror symmetry or higher symmetries at the same aspect ratio. This characteristic is advantageous in terms of enabling high-efficiency manipulation and enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio. As an example, 10 kinds of C2-symmetry chiral meta-atoms with a H-like shape are selected by the self-adaptive genetic algorithm to attain a full 2$π$ phase span with an interval of $π$/5. To mitigate the additional propagation phase change of the guided modes originated from the arrangement alternation upon the rotation of the meta-atoms, the enantiomer of chiral meta-atoms and its PB phase delay are adopted to minimize the difference between the actual and desired target phases. A polarization-insensitive metalens and a chiral virtual-moving metalens array are designed to demonstrate the spin-decoupled function with both high efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio. The work in this paper may trigger more exciting and interesting spin-decoupled multiplexing metasurfaces and broaden the prospect of chiroptical applications.
Landscape-Infrastructure: shifts of meaning for changing cities
Creators: name: Buoro, Marta
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: Given the current global situation and the problems we need to face, landscape architects are more than ever before confronted with the task of planning and transforming complex cultural landscapes. In the light of this awareness, many professional figures, have once again turned their attention to the large systems of infrastructural networks, that are key to the expansion and functioning of our cities, looking for effective solutions to find a balance between the demand for use and the sustainability and quality of urban environments. The operative landscape design category going by the name of Landscape Infrastructure, marks a major change in the role that Landscape Architecture has played in relation to the production of urban and public spaces over the last century, by actively engaging the political agency, with new kinds of private/public partnerships, capable of creating new landscape super-organisms representing a genuine cultural shift.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 17 No 1 (2019): In the Change. Progettiamo con il cambiamento
Varying the Unruh Temperature in Integrable Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Niedermaier, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computational scheme is developed to determine the response of a quantum field theory (QFT) with a factorized scattering operator under a variation of the Unruh temperature. To this end a new family of integrable systems is introduced, obtained by deforming such QFTs in a way that preserves the bootstrap S-matrix. The deformation parameter βplays the role of an inverse temperature for the thermal equilibrium states associated with the Rindler wedge, β= 2πbeing the QFT value. The form factor approach provides an explicit computational scheme for the β\neq 2πsystems, enforcing in particular a modification of the underlying kinematical arena. As examples deformed counterparts of the Ising model and the Sinh-Gordon model are considered.
description: 34 pages, Latex, 3 Figures, minor changes
Additional file 1: of Initiation and cessation of mental healthcare after mental health screening in primary care: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Geyti, Christine
name: Else-Marie Dalsgaard
name: Annelli SandbĂŚk
name: Maindal, Helle
name: Christensen, Kaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the SF-12 non-respondents. (DOCX 17 kb)
A spectroscopic and kinematic survey of fast hot subdwarfs
Creators: name: Geier, S.
name: Heber, U.
name: Irrgang, A.
name: Dorsch, M.
name: Bastian, A.
name: Neunteufel, P.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Bloemen, S.
name: Kreuzer, S.
name: Möller, L.
name: Schindewolf, M.
name: Schneider, D.
name: Ziegerer, E.
name: Pelisoli, I.
name: Schaffenroth, V.
name: Barlow, B. N.
name: Raddi, R.
name: Geier, S. J.
name: Reindl, N.
name: Rauch, T.
name: Nemeth, P.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot subdwarfs (sdO/B) are the stripped helium cores of red giants formed by binary interactions. Close hot subdwarf binaries with massive white dwarf companions have been proposed as possible progenitors of thermonuclear supernovae type Ia (SN Ia). If the supernova is triggered by stable mass transfer from the helium star, the companion should survive the explosion and should be accelerated to high velocities. The hypervelocity star US 708 is regarded as the prototype for such an ejected companion. To find more of those objects we conducted an extensive spectroscopic survey. Candidates for such fast stars have been selected from the spectroscopic database of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and several ground-based proper motion surveys. Follow-up spectroscopy has been obtained with several 4m- to 10m-class telescopes. Combining the results from quantitative spectroscopic analyses with space-based astrometry from \textit{Gaia} Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) we determined the atmospheric and kinematic parameters of 53 fast hot subdwarf stars. None of these stars is unbound to the Galaxy, although some have Galactic restframe velocities close to the Galactic escape velocity. 21 stars are apparently single objects, which crossed the Galactic disc within their lifetimes in the sdO/B stage and could be regarded as potential candidates for the SN Ia ejection scenario. However, the properties of the full sample are more consistent with a pure old Galactic halo population. We therefore conclude that the fast sdO/B stars we found are likely to be extreme halo stars.
description: 22 pages, A&A accepted
Influence of strong-coupling and retardation effects on superconducting state in ${\rm YB_{6}}$ compound
Creators: name: Bujak, A. M.
name: Szewczyk, K. A.
name: Kostrzewa, M.
name: Szczȩśniak, K. M.
name: Sowińska, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of strong-coupling formalism, we have calculated the thermodynamic parameters of superconducting state in the ${\rm YB_{6}}$ compound. The values of critical temperature ($T_{C}$) are $9.5$~K and $7.9$~K for the Coulomb pseudopotential $μ^{\star}=0.1$ and $0.2$, respectively. In the paper, we have determined the low temperature values of order parameter ($Δ(0)$), specific heat jump at the critical temperature ($ΔC(T_{C})$), and thermodynamic critical field ($H_C(0)$). The dimensionless thermodynamic ratios: $R_Δ=2Δ\left(0\right)/{k_BT_C}$, $R_C=ΔC\left(T_C\right)/C^N\left(T_C\right)$, and $R_H=T_CC^N\left(T_C\right)/H_C^2\left(0\right)$ are equal to: $R_Δ\left(μ^{\star}\right)\in\lbrace 4.48,4.35\rbrace$, $R_{C}\left(μ^{\star}\right)\in\lbrace 2.62,2.55\rbrace$, and $R_{H}\left(μ^{\star}\right)\in\lbrace 0.146,0.157\rbrace$. Due to the significant strong-coupling and retardation effects ($k_{B}T_{C} / ω_{\rm ln}\sim 0.1$) those values highly deviate from the predictions of BCS theory.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Gamification of Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface Training Protocols: a systematic review
Creators: name: Atilla, Fred
name: Postma, Marie
name: Alimardani, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCI) require a lengthy and monotonous training procedure to train both the system and the user. Considering many users struggle with effective control of MI-BCI systems, a more user-centered approach to training might help motivate users and facilitate learning, alleviating inefficiency of the BCI system. With the increase of BCI-controlled games, researchers have suggested using game principles for BCI training, as games are naturally centered on the player. This review identifies and evaluates the application of game design elements to MI-BCI training, a process known as gamification. Through a systematic literature search, we examined how MI-BCI training protocols have been gamified and how specific game elements impacted the training outcomes. We identified 86 studies that employed gamified MI-BCI protocols in the past decade. The prevalence and reported effects of individual game elements on user experience and performance were extracted and synthesized. Results reveal that MI-BCI training protocols are most often gamified by having users move an avatar in a virtual environment that provides visual feedback. Furthermore, in these virtual environments, users were provided with goals that guided their actions. Using gamification, the reviewed protocols allowed users to reach effective MI-BCI control, with studies reporting positive effects of four individual elements on user performance and experience, namely: feedback, avatars, assistance, and social interaction. Based on these elements, this review makes current and future recommendations for effective gamification, such as the use of virtual reality and adaptation of game difficulty to user skill level.
Comparative Analysis for the Use of Emojis on Social Media Amongst Generation X and Generation Y
Creators: name: Al-Kuwari, Asmaa Saeed
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: “To communicate is to be human”, a cliché sentence known by communications students, but the truth behind its meaning to everyone, not only communications students, is very accurate. Humans cannot survive without communicating, as it helps express themselves and interact with one another on another level. Living in the digital era, communication is now transmitted through our online existence, and the use of emojis has been a great part of online communication. This research is a comparative analysis between Generation X and generation Y focusing on the use of emojis on social media platforms, focusing on the residents of Qatar. The results of the research conclude that both generations rely heavily on using emojis when it comes to expressing emotions mainly. When it comes for reliance of use of emojis compared to text, Generation Y (millennials) rely heavier on text rather than emojis, and for Generation X it is the opposite. Both Generation X and Y believe that emojis will never replace text on social media platforms, as the combination of both text and emojis are what articulate the true meaning behind the message being communicated, and that emojis act as the substitution of the non-verbal aspect being missed in online communication.
Baryonic Mass Fraction in Rich Clusters and the Total Mass Density in the Cosmos
Creators: name: Bludman, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct observations of the supposedly universal primordial deuterium abundance imply a relatively large baryon density $Ω_B= (0.019-0.030)h^{-2}$ (95% C.L.). On the other hand, concordance between the previously accepted $^4 He$ and $^7 Li$ abundances and standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis requires the thrice smaller value $Ω_B=(0.005-0.010)h^{-2}$ (95% C.L.). For each $Ω_B$, we use X-ray and Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations of the baryon fraction $f_B$ in rich clusters of galaxies, in order to obtain limits on the total mass density $Ω_{cl}$ in clusters of galaxies. The higher-$Ω_B$ values are consistent with clusters being a fair sample of the Universe, and then imply $Ω_{m} =(0.3-0.9)$, a medium or critical density Universe. Said otherwise, the observed limits $f_B > 0.1, ~ Ω_m > 0.3$ imply $Ω_B > 0.03$. If the newer$^4 He$ abundance observations are accepted, this is consistent with standard BBN.
description: 19 pages, LaTex, ApJ re-submitted (update of observations)
The color dipole BFKL-Regge expansion: from DIS on protons to pions to rise of hadronic cross sections
Creators: name: Nikolaev, N. N.
name: Speth, J.
name: Zoller, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As noticed by Fadin, Kuraev and Lipatov in 1975 incorporation of asymptotic freedom into the BFKL equation splits the QCD pomeron into a series of isolated poles in complex angular momentum plane. Following our earlier work on the proton structure function we explore the phenomenological consequences of the emerging BFKL-Regge factorized expansion for the small-$x$ structure function of the pion $F_{2π}(x,Q^2)$. We calculate $F_{2π}$ in a small-$x$ region and find good agreement with the recent H1 determination of $F_{2π}(x,Q^2)$. We also present the BFKL-Regge factorization based evaluation of the contribution from hard scattering to the observed rise of the $NN$, $πN$ and real photo-absorption $γN$ and $γπ$ total cross sections.
description: 12 pages Latex 2 PS figures, Revised version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Magnetic properties and temperature variation of spectra in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Sherman, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the strong coupling diagram technique, magnetic and spectral properties of the two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model are investigated in the ranges of repulsions $t\leq U\leq 10t$, temperatures $0.1t\lesssim T\lesssim 4t$ and electron concentrations $0.6\lesssim\bar{n}\leq 1$ with $t$ the hopping constant. The approach takes into account interactions of electrons with spin and charge fluctuations of all ranges and fulfils the Mermin-Wagner theorem. Temperature and concentration dependencies of the uniform magnetic susceptibility, the variation of the double occupancy with the repulsion and the temperature dependence of the square of the site spin are in satisfactory agreement with Monte Carlo results. Three types of the temperature variation of the electron energy spectrum can be distinguished at half-filling. For $U\lesssim 3t$, at low temperatures, there are two nonintersecting bands, which approach each other on the boundary of the magnetic Brillouin zone. With increasing $T$ these bands merge into one band crossing the Fermi level. For $4t\lesssim U \lesssim 6t$, the low-temperature picture described above is supplemented with a low-intensity spin-polaron band located near the Fermi level. As its counterpart in the strong-correlation case, the band is formed by bound states of electrons and spin excitations. However, in contrast to the former case, the band exists even at half-filling and occupies the entire Brillouin zone. As for lower $U$, with increasing temperature, all bands coalesce into a single band. For $U\gtrsim 7t$ and low temperatures the spectrum has a pronounced four-band structure, which with increasing $T$ transforms into two Hubbard subbands.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
The SLACS strong lens sample, debiased
Creators: name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lensing observations can provide extremely valuable information on the structure of galaxies, but their interpretation is made difficult by selection effects, which, if not accounted for, introduce a bias between the properties of strong lens galaxies and those of the general population. A rigorous treatment of the strong lensing bias requires, in principle, to fully forward model the lens selection process. However, doing so for existing lens surveys is prohibitively difficult. With this work we propose a practical solution to the problem: using an empirical model to capture the most complex aspects of the lens finding process, and constraining it directly from the data together with the properties of the lens population. We applied this method to real data from the SLACS sample of strong lenses. Assuming a power-law density profile, we recovered the mass distribution of the parent population of galaxies from which the SLACS lenses were drawn. We found that early-type galaxies with a stellar mass of $\log{M_*/M_\odot}=11.3$ and average size have a median projected mass enclosed within a $5$~kpc aperture of $\log{M_5/M_\odot}=11.332\pm0.013$, and an average logarithmic density slope of $γ=1.99\pm0.03$. These values are respectively $0.02$~dex and $0.1$ lower than inferred when ignoring selection effects. According to our model, most of the bias is due to the prioritisation of SLACS follow-up observations based on the measured velocity dispersion. As a result, the strong lensing bias in $γ$ reduces to $\sim0.01$ when controlling for stellar velocity dispersion.
description: Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics. A 2-minute summary video is available at this link: https://youtu.be/wtrMRereBwE
The Symbiotic Neutron Star Binary GX 1+4/V2116 Ophiuchi
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Roche, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multiwavelength observations of this S-type symbiotic LMXB which consists of a 2-min X-ray pulsar accreting from an M6 III giant. This is the only symbiotic system definitely known to contain a neutron star. The steady interstellar extinction toward the binary (Av=5) contrasts the variable N_H inferred from X-ray measurements, most likely evidence for a stellar wind. The mass donor is probably near the tip of the first-ascent red giant branch, in which case the system is 3-6 kpc distant and has an X-ray luminosity of 10^37 erg/s. It is also possible, though less likely, that the donor star is just beginning its ascent of the asymptotic giant branch, in which case the system is 12-15 kpc distant and has an X-ray luminosity of 10^38 erg/s. However, our measured Av argues against such a large distance. We show that the dense (10^9 cm^-3) emission-line nebula enshrouding the binary is powered by UV radiation from an accretion disk. The emission-line spectrum constrains the temperature and inner radius of the disk (and thus the pulsar's magnetic field strength), and we discuss this in the context of the accretion torque reversals observed in the pulsar. We also show that the binary period must be >100 d and is most likely >260 d, making GX 1+4 the only known LMXB with Porb>10 d. If the mass donor fills its Roche lobe, the mass transfer must be highly super-Eddington, requiring much mass loss from the binary. We discuss the alternative that the disk forms from the slow, dense stellar wind expected from the red giant.
description: 46 pages including 7 PS figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Profinite rigidity in the SnapPea census
Creators: name: Gardam, Giles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E18, 57M27, 20E26, 20-04

description: A well-known question asks whether any two non-isometric finite volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds are distinguished from each other by the finite quotients of their fundamental groups. At present, this has been proved only when one of the manifolds is a once-punctured torus bundle over the circle. We give substantial computational evidence in support of a positive answer, by showing that no two manifolds in the SnapPea census of 72 942 finite volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds have the same finite quotients.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Fabrication of a Silicon Electron Multiplier sensor using Metal Assisted Chemical Etching and its characterisation
Creators: name: Halvorsen, Marius Mæhlum
name: Coco, Victor
name: Collins, Paula
name: Sandaker, Heidi
name: Romano, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Silicon Electron Multiplier (SiEM) sensor is a novel sensor concept that enables charge multiplication by high electric fields generated by embedded metal electrodes within the sensor bulk. Metal assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) in gas phase with platinum as a catalyst has been used to fabricate test structures consisting of vertically aligned silicon pillars and strips on top of a silicon bulk. The pillars exceed 10 $μm$ in height with a diameter of 1.0 $μm$ and are arranged as a hexagonal lattice with a pitch of 1.5 $μm$. Electrical characterisations through current $-$ voltage measurements inside a scanning electron microscope and a climate chamber have demonstrated that the MacEtch process is compatible with active media and p-n junctions.
description: 9 pages, 16 figures
Quintessence models in Supergravity
Creators: name: Copeland, E. J.
name: Nunes, N. J.
name: Rosati, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalar field models of quintessence typically require that the expectation value of the field today is of order the Planck mass, if we want them to explain the observed acceleration of the Universe. This suggests that we should be considering models in the context of supergravity. We discuss a particular class of supergravity models and analyze their behavior under different choices of the Kahler metric.
description: 6 pages, revised version to appear in PRD
Readout using Resonant Tunneling in Silicon Spin Qubits
Creators: name: Tanamoto, Tetsufumi
name: Ono, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin qubit systems are one of the promising candidates for quantum computing. The quantum dot (QD) arrays are intensively investigated by many researchers. Because the energy-difference between the up-spin and down-spin states is very small, the detection of the qubit state is of prime importance in this field. Moreover, many wires are required to control qubit systems. Therefore, the integration of qubits and wires is also an important issue. In this study, the measurement process of QD arrays is theoretically investigated using resonant tunneling, controlled by a conventional transistor. It is shown that the number of possible measurements during coherence time can exceed a hundred under the backaction of the measurements owing to the nonlinear characteristics of resonant tunneling. It is also discussed to read out the measurement results by the conventional transistor.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
DRAFT PAPER. «THE ERA OF JEWELLERS»: FOREIGN COINS IN NORWAY IN THE IRON AND VIKING AGES (100-1000 AD). «ЕПОХА ЮВЕЛІРІВ»: ІНОЗЕМНІ МОНЕТИ У НОРВЕГІЇ II-X СТ.
Creators: name: Petrov, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: History
Archaeology

description: A draft paper outlines the stages of foreign coin use in Norway from 100 AD till 1000 AD
Conformally Flat Collapsing Stars in f (R) gravity
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Soumya
name: Goswami, Rituparno
name: Maharaj, Sunil
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work includes an analytical investigation of a collapsing spherical star in f (R) gravity. The interior of the collapsing star admits a conformal flatness. Information regarding the fate of the collapse is extracted from the matching conditions of the extrinsic curvature and the Ricci curvature scalar across the boundary hypersurface of the star. The radial distribution of the physical quantities such as density, anisotropic pressure and radial heat flux are studied. The inhomogeneity of the collapsing interior leads to a non-zero acceleration. The divergence of this acceleration and the loss of energy through a heat conduction forces the rate of the collapse to die down and the formation of a zero proper volume singularity is realized only asymptotically.
description: 23 Pages, 11 Figures
On the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation
Creators: name: Olsson, M. G.
name: Veseli, S.
name: Williams, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic algebraic and numerical investigation of the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter equation. Emphasis is placed on confining interaction kernels of the Lorentz scalar, time component vector, and full vector types. We explore stability of the solutions and Regge behavior for each of these interactions, and conclude that only time component vector confinement leads to normal Regge structure and stable solutions.
description: Latex (uses epsf macro), 26 pages of text, 12 postscript figures included.
Revised Cross Section of the $^{13}$C($α$,n)$^{16}$O reaction between 5 and 8 MeV
Creators: name: Mohr, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As suggested in a Comment by Peters, Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 96}, 029801 (2017), a correction is applied to the $^{13}$C($α$,n)$^{16}$O data of Harissopulos {\it et al.}, Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 72}, 062801(R) (2005). The correction refers to the energy-dependent efficiency of the neutron detector and appears only above the ($α$,n$_1$) threshold of the $^{13}$C($α$,n)$^{16}$O reaction at about $E_α\approx 5$ MeV. The corrected data are lower than the original data by almost a factor of two. The correction method is verified using recent neutron spectroscopy data and data from the reverse $^{16}$O(n,$α$)$^{13}$C reaction.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. C, accepted for publication
Richelieu: Self-Evolving LLM-Based Agents for AI Diplomacy
Creators: name: Guan, Zhenyu
name: Kong, Xiangyu
name: Zhong, Fangwei
name: Wang, Yizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diplomacy is one of the most sophisticated activities in human society, involving complex interactions among multiple parties that require skills in social reasoning, negotiation, and long-term strategic planning. Previous AI agents have demonstrated their ability to handle multi-step games and large action spaces in multi-agent tasks. However, diplomacy involves a staggering magnitude of decision spaces, especially considering the negotiation stage required. While recent agents based on large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in various applications, they still struggle with extended planning periods in complex multi-agent settings. Leveraging recent technologies for LLM-based agents, we aim to explore AI's potential to create a human-like agent capable of executing comprehensive multi-agent missions by integrating three fundamental capabilities: 1) strategic planning with memory and reflection; 2) goal-oriented negotiation with social reasoning; and 3) augmenting memory through self-play games for self-evolution without human in the loop.
How do mutations and allosteric inhibitors modulate caspase-7 activity? A molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Bingöl, Elif Naz
name: Serçinoğlu, Onur
name: Pemra Ozbek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Caspases are members of a highly regulated aspartate-cysteine protease family which have important roles in apoptosis. Pharmaceutical studies focused on these molecules since they are involved in diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. A small molecule which binds to the dimeric interface away from the binding site induces a conformational change that resembles the pro-caspase form of the molecule by shifting loop positions. The fluctuation mechanisms caused by mutations or binding of a ligand can explain the key mechanism for the function of that molecule. In this study, we performed molecular dynamics simulations on wild-type and mutated structures (C290N, R187M, Y223A, G188L and G188P) as well as allosterically inhibited structure (DICA-bound caspase-7) to observe the effects of the single mutations on intrinsic dynamics. The results show that previously known changes in catalytic activity upon mutations or allosteric ligand binding are reflected in corresponding changes in the global dynamics of caspase-7. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma