cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DESTRUCTION OF THE COMPONENT STRUCTURE, INCLUDED IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE COMPOSITE MIXTURE TO LIMIT WATER FLOW
Creators: name: M.M. Raymanov
name: L.V. Petrova
name: R.R. Safiullin
name: A.A. Gizzatullina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article examines the structure of acetone-formaldehyde resin, which underlies the manufacture of a composite mixture injected into a well to localize water inflow into it during repair and insulation work. The aim of the work is to find the causes of self-heating of acetone-formaldehyde resin, leading to the destruction of its structure. Based on the conducted research, five causes of self-heating of the resin have been identified, and practical recommendations for reducing its self-heating have been given.
Asymptotic behavior of the solution of the space dependent variable order fractional diffusion equation: ultra-slow anomalous aggregation
Creators: name: Fedotov, Sergei
name: Han, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We find for the first time the asymptotic representation of the solution to the space dependent variable order fractional diffusion and Fokker-Planck equations. We identify a new advection term that causes ultra-slow spatial aggregation of subdiffusive particles due to dominance over the standard advection and diffusion terms, in the long-time limit. This uncovers the anomalous mechanism by which non-uniform distributions can occur. We perform experiments on intracellular lysosomal distributions and Monte Carlo simulations and find excellent agreement between the asymptotic solution, particle histograms and experiments.
description: 6 pages
The Symmetries of the Order Parameters for Pairing and Phase Coherence in Hole-Doped Cuprates
Creators: name: Mourachkine, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetries of the order parameter (OP) responsible for pairing and the OP responsible for phase coherence in hole-doped cuprates are discussed. We analyze angle-resolved tunneling, ARPES, Raman scattering and torque measurements performed on hole-doped cuprates. We conclude that, most likely, the OP responsible for phase coherence has the d-wave symmetry whereas the OP responsible for pairing has an anisotropic s-wave symmetry.
description: 18 pages including 6 figures
Tidal Love Numbers of Black Holes and Neutron Stars in the Presence of Higher Dimensions: Implications of GW170817
Creators: name: Chakravarti, Kabir
name: Chakraborty, Sumanta
name: Bose, Sukanta
name: SenGupta, Soumitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the tidal Love numbers of black holes and neutron stars in the presence of higher dimensions. The perturbation equations around an arbitrary static and spherically symmetric metric for the even parity modes are presented in the context of an effective four-dimensional theory on the brane. This subsequently leads to the sought expression for the tidal Love number for black holes in the presence of extra spatial dimensions. Surprisingly, these numbers are non-zero and, more importantly, negative. We extend our method to determine the tidal Love number of neutron stars in a spacetime inheriting extra dimensions and show that, in the context of effective gravitational theory on the brane, they are smaller than in general relativity. Finally we have explicitly demonstrated that earlier constraints on the parameters inherited from higher dimensions are consistent with the bound on the tidal deformability parameter from the GW170817 event as well.
description: Published Version, Minor revision, 28 pages, 5 figures
Constraints on neutrino oscillation parameters from the measurement of day-night solar neutrino fluxes at Super-Kamiokande
Creators: name: Kamiokande Collaboration
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Hayakawa, T.
name: Ichihara, E.
name: Inoue, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for day-night variations in the solar neutrino flux resulting from neutrino oscillations has been carried out using the 504 day sample of solar neutrino data obtained at Super-Kamiokande. The absence of a significant day-night variation has set an absolute flux independent exclusion region in the two neutrino oscillation parameter space.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRL, single-spacing
Entanglement and entropy in multipartite systems: a useful approach
Creators: name: Bernal, A.
name: Casas, J. A.
name: Moreno, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement and quantum entropy are crucial concepts in the study of multipartite quantum systems. In this work we show how the notion of concurrence vector, re-expressed in a particularly useful form, provides new insights and computational tools for the analysis of both. In particular, using this approach for a general multipartite pure state, one can easily prove known relations in an easy way and to build up new relations between the concurrences associated with the different bipartitions. The approach is also useful to derive sufficient conditions for genuine entanglement in generic multipartite systems that are computable in polynomial time. From an entropy-of-entanglement perspective, the approach is powerful to prove properties of the Tsallis-$2$ entropy, such as the subadditivity, and to derive new ones, e.g. a modified version of the strong subadditivity which is always fulfilled; thanks to the purification theorem these results hold for any multipartite state, whether pure or mixed.
description: Version matching the publication in Quantum Information Processing
Supersymmetry Breaking with Vanishing F-terms in Supergravity Theories
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Pomarol, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In conventional supergravity theories, supersymmetry is broken by a non-zero F-term, and the cosmological constant is fine tuned to zero by a constant in the superpotential W. We discuss a class of supergravity theories with vanishing F-terms but $W \not= 0$ being generated dynamically. The cosmological constant is assumed to be cancelled by a non-zero D-term. In this scenario the gravity-mediated soft masses depend only on a single parameter, the gravitino mass. They are automatically universal, independently of the Kahler metric, and real. Thus, dangerous flavor or CP violating interactions are suppressed. Unlike in conventional supergravity models, the Polonyi problem does not arise.
description: 11 pages, Latex
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCTIVITY OF ETHIOPIAN PLASTIC INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Netsanet Berga
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019
Subjects: Total factor productivity (TFP), female ownership, foreign ownership, importing raw material, Ethiopian plastic Industry

description: Firm productivity is an essential indicator of the strength of firms to stay in operation, expand, and compete in local and international markets and thereby contribute to employment, income, and generating essential foreign currency. The study aims to measure total factor productivity (TFP) and tries to identify firm-specific factors which determine productivity of Ethiopian Plastic Industry that one cannot learn from general studies of the manufacturing sector. The study is based on unbalanced panel data of 1,044 firms from 2007 to 2016. To measure TFP, the Levinsohn-Petrin method has been employed, and the random effect method has been used to identify factors that affect TFP. The result reveals that foreign ownership and imported raw material plays a crucial role in the determination of productivity overall in Ethiopian Plastic Industry. But in contrast, the result reveals that female owned firms have no significant effect on TFP in Ethiopian Plastic manufacturing firms.
ОПИСАНИЕ МАКСУДА ШАЙКЗОДЫ
Creators: name: Мамурова, Феруза
name: Обутжонова, Дурдона
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: За 10 лет жизни в Ташкенте Шайхзода не только освоила узбекский язык, но и писала на этом языке стихи и статьи, переводила произведения Пушкина, изучала творчество Чолпона, с любовью изучала творчество Навои.
Multiverse Predictions for Habitability: Number of Potentially Habitable Planets
Creators: name: Sandora, McCullen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How good is our universe at making habitable planets? The answer to this depends on which factors are important for life: Does a planet need to be Earth mass? Does it need to be inside the temperate zone? are systems with hot Jupiters habitable? Here, we adopt different stances on the importance of each of these criteria to determine their effects on the probabilities of measuring the observed values of several physical constants. We find that the presence of planets is a generic feature throughout the multiverse, and for the most part conditioning on their particular properties does not alter our conclusions much. We find conflict with multiverse expectations if planetary size is important and it is found to be uncorrelated with stellar mass, or the mass distribution is too steep. The existence of a temperate circumstellar zone places tight lower bounds on the fine structure constant and electron to proton mass ratio.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures and 5 tables, v2: matches published version
Representations for Three-Body T-Matrix on Unphysical Sheets
Creators: name: Motovilov, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Explicit representations are formulated for the Faddeev components of three-body T-matrix continued analytically on unphysical sheets of the energy Riemann surface. According to the representations, the T-matrix on unphysical sheets is obviously expressed in terms of its components taken on the physical sheet only. The representations for T-matrix are used then to construct similar representations for analytical continuation of three-body scattering matrices and resolvent. Domains on unphysical sheets are described where the representations obtained can be applied.
description: 123 Kb; LaTeX; Journal-ref was added (the title changed in the journal)
title: Fully Printed Inverters using Metal‐Oxide Semiconductor and Graphene Passives on Flexible Substrates
Creators: name: Singaraju, Surya Abhishek
name: Marques, Gabriel Cadilha
name: Gruber, Patric
name: Kruk, Robert
name: Hahn, Horst
name: Breitung, Ben
name: Aghassi-Hagmann, Jasmin
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: Printed and flexible metal‐oxide transistor technology has recently demonstrated great promise due to its high performance and robust mechanical stability. Herein, fully printed inverter structures using electrolyte‐gated oxide transistors on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate are discussed in detail. Conductive graphene ink is printed as the passive structures and interconnects. The additive printed transistors on PI substrates show an Ion/Ioff ratio of 106 and show mobilities similar to the state‐of‐the‐art printed transistors on rigid substrates. Printed meander structures of graphene are used as pull‐up resistances in a transistor–resistor logic to create fully printed inverters. The printed and flexible inverters show a signal gain of 3.5 and a propagation delay of 30 ms. These printed inverters are able to withstand a tensile strain of 1.5% following more than 200 cycles of mechanical bending. The stability of the electrical direct current (DC) properties has been observed over a period of 5 weeks. These oxide transistor‐based fully printed inverters are relevant for digital printing methods which could be implemented into roll‐to‐roll processes.
Contextuality, Coherences, and Quantum Cheshire Cats
Creators: name: Hance, Jonte R.
name: Ji, Ming
name: Hofmann, Holger F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the quantum Cheshire cat using contextuality theory, to see if this can tell us anything about how best to interpret this paradox. We show that this scenario can be analysed using the relation between three different measurements, which seem to result in a logical contradiction. We discuss how this contextual behaviour links to weak values, and coherences between prohibited states. Rather than showing a property of the particle is disembodied, the quantum Cheshire cat instead demonstrates the effects of these coherences, which are typically found in pre- and postselected systems.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in New J. Phys., matches accepted version
EOSC-hub D2.9 A Service Provider's Reference Cards to Data Sharing Policies
Creators: name: Huigen, Frans
name: Von Stein, Ilona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Data Sharing
Data

description: Building on current best practice, notably the EOSCpilot policy recommendations and the EC Expert Group report on FAIR data, the EOSC-hub deliverable report D2.8 recommends 22 practical steps bridging general policy recommendations and future technical implementation of data sharing within the EOSC-hub service ecosystem. With this deliverable, we have translated those recommendations into practical Why-, What-, and How-reference cards that aid data and service providers in that EOSC-hub service ecosystem with the implementation of data sharing policies.
Functional Derivative of the Zero Point Energy Functional from the Strong Interaction Limit of Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Grossi, Juri
name: Seidl, Michael
name: Gori-Giorgi, Paola
name: Giesbertz, Klaas J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an explicit expression for the functional derivative of the subleading term in the strong interaction limit expansion of the generalized Levy--Lieb functional for the special case of two electrons in one dimension. The expression is derived from the zero point energy (ZPE) functional, which is valid if the quantum state reduces to strongly correlated electrons in the strong coupling limit. The explicit expression is confirmed numerically and respects the relevant sum-rule. We also show that the ZPE potential is able to generate a bond mid-point peak for homo-nuclear dissociation and is properly of purely kinetic origin. Unfortunately, the ZPE diverges for Coulomb systems, whereas the exact peaks should be finite.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
ФОРМИРОВАНИИ РЕЧЕВЫХ НАВЫКОВ УЧАЩИХСЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЫ НА УРОКАХ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Creators: name: Навбатова Раъно Хаджимуратовна преподаватель Термезского государственного педагогического института
name: Нарзуллаева Мафтуна Одилбековна Учитель русского языка школы № 23 Алтынсайского района Сурхандарьинской области
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье рассмотрены условия успешного развития речи и формирование речевых умений и навыков учащихся. Определены значения развития речи. Выделены и обоснованы линии формирования культуры речевого общения в национальной школе. На основе опыта   уделяется особое значение языковым особенностям устной и письменной речи, способствующих развитию мышления, социализации младших школьников, развитию интереса к окружающему миру и полноценному развитию своих способностей, а также, системе работы, которая позволяет ученикам овладеть различными способами изложения мысли.

   Ключевые слова: культура речи, речевое общение, речевые навыки, речевая среда, условия, значения развития речи, языковые особенности устной и письменной речи
Order by disorder from non-magnetic impurities in a two-dimensional quantum spin liquid
Creators: name: Wessel, S.
name: Normand, B.
name: Sigrist, M.
name: Haas, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider doping of non-magnetic impurities in the spin-1/2, 1/5-depleted square lattice. This structure, whose undoped phase diagram offers both magnetically ordered and spin-liquid ground states, is realized physically in CaV_4O_9. Doping into the ordered phase results in a progressive loss of order, which becomes complete at the percolation threshold. By contrast, non-magnetic impurities introduced in the spin liquids create a phase of weak but long-ranged antiferromagnetic order coexisting with the gapped state. The latter may be viewed as a true order-by-disorder phenomenon. We study the phase diagram of the doped system by computing the static susceptibility and staggered magnetization using a stochastic series-expansion quantum Monte Carlo technique.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Aphids curtail the impact of feeding damage by limiting oligogalacturonide release and suppressing cell wall associated immunity
Creators: name: Gravino Matteo
name: Pontiggia Daniela
name: Mugford Sam
name: Joyce Joshua
name: Drurey Claire
name: Prince David
name: Cervone Felice
name: De Lorenzo Giulia
name: Hogenhout Saskia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aphid effector protein Mp10, Arabidopsis thaliana, Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs), Glycine-Rich Protein 3 (GRP3), Myzus persicae, Oligogalacturonides (OGs), PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI), Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinases (SERKs)

description: Aphids are insect pests that use piercing-sucking mouthparts to navigate into leaf tissues and feed from phloem sap. During feeding and probing, aphids penetrate the rigid plant cell walls and deliver effector proteins mixed with saliva into the host plant cells. Cell wall damage usually leads to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including oligogalacturonides (OGs), which promote pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-triggered immunity (PTI) against pathogens. Whether OG-induced plant defence responses play a role in aphid-plant interactions is not fully understood. Here we show that OGs are released in aphid-exposed leaves but less so than in non-treated plants, indicating that these insects may suppress the accumulation of OGs during feeding. Prior exposure of plants to OGs induces plant defense responses that reduce the ability of M. persicae to colonize plants. This plant defense is suppressed by the aphid effector Mp10 (also known as chemosensory protein 4 or CSP4) that is delivered by aphids into the cytoplasm of plant cells. Mp10 suppresses PTI responses to OGs and a variety of other elicitors. In understanding it’s mode of action we have found a possible role for Mp10 in the regulation of PTI via the trafficking of cell surface PRRs. Therefore, aphids actively manage the impact of feeding damage by limiting OG release and suppressing cell wall associated immunity.
description: Generation of schematics: The schematics in background panel ii, in Results panel 5, and in Conclusions panel, were created with BioRender.com.

Acknowledgments: We thank Cyril Zipfel (The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK) for the bak1-5 bkk1-1 seeds and Jen Sheen (Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA) for cpk5 cpk6 cpk11 seeds. We are grateful to the John Innes Centre (JIC) Horticultural Services for growing plants, the JIC Entomology Facility for rearing aphid stocks, and the JIC Bioimaging Platform for helping with confocal experiments. This work was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) grants (Grant numbers: BB/R009481/1, BB/V008544/1, BBS/E/J/000PR9795, BBS/E/J/000PR9796 and BBS/E/J/000PR9797) and the John Innes Foundation. Additional support was received from Sapienza University "Progetti di Avvio alla Ricerca 2016" (Project number: AR21615506343970), EMBO Short-Term Fellowship (ASTF number: 477-2016) and PRIN 2017 (Grant number: 2017ZBBYNC).
Dynamics of a self-propelled particle in a harmonic trap
Creators: name: Dauchot, Olivier
name: Démery, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of an active walker in a harmonic potential is studied experimentally, numerically and theoretically. At odds with usual models of self-propelled particles, we identify two dynamical states for which the particle condensates at finite distance from the trap center. In the first state, also found in other systems, the particle points radially outward the trap, while diffusing along the azimuthal direction. In the second state, the particle performs circular orbits around the center of the trap. We show that self-alignment, taking the form of a torque coupling the particle orientation and velocity, is responsible for the emergence of this second dynamical state. The transition between the two states is controlled by the persistence of the particle orientation. At low inertia, the transition is continuous. For large inertia the transition is discontinuous and a coexistence regime with intermittent dynamics develops. The two states survive in the over-damped limit or when the particle is confined by a curved hard wall.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
COVID-19 hospitalization risk after outpatient nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use, January to August 2022, North Carolina
Creators: name: Agil, Deana M
name: Bartelt, Luther A
name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Fischer, William A
name: Moy, Amanda
name: van Duin, David
name: Li, Kuo-Ping
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Wohl, David A
name: Browne, Lindsay E
name: Henderson, Heather I
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: In the USA, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is authorized for the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in patients at least 12 years of age, at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19.To estimate the impact of outpatient nirmatrelvir/ritonavir on COVID-19 hospitalization risk in a US healthcare system.We conducted a cohort study using electronic health records among outpatients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test between January and August 2022. We evaluated the association of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy with time to hospitalization by estimating adjusted HRs and assessed the impact of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir on predicted COVID-19 hospitalizations using machine-learning methods.Among 44 671 patients, 4948 (11%) received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, and 201 (0.4%) were hospitalized within 28 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients were more likely to be older, white, vaccinated, have comorbidities and reside in areas with higher average socioeconomic status. The 28 day cumulative incidence of hospitalization was 0.06% (95% CI: 0.02%–0.17%) among nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients and 0.52% (95% CI: 0.46%–0.60%) among non-recipients. For nirmatrelvir/ritonavir versus no therapy, the age-adjusted HR was 0.08 (95% CI: 0.03–0.26); the fully adjusted HR was 0.16 (95% CI: 0.05–0.50). In the machine-learning model, the primary features reducing predicted hospitalization risk were nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, younger age, vaccination, female gender and residence in a higher socioeconomic status area.COVID-19 hospitalization risk was reduced by 84% among nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients in a large, diverse healthcare system during the Omicron wave. These results suggest that nirmatrelvir/ritonavir remained highly effective in a setting substantially different than the original clinical trials.
Uniform Confidence Band for Optimal Transport Map on One-Dimensional Data
Creators: name: Ponnoprat, Donlapark
name: Okano, Ryo
name: Imaizumi, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G15, 62G20

description: We develop a statistical inference method for an optimal transport map between distributions on real numbers with uniform confidence bands. The concept of optimal transport (OT) is used to measure distances between distributions, and OT maps are used to construct the distance. OT has been applied in many fields in recent years, and its statistical properties have attracted much interest. In particular, since the OT map is a function, a uniform norm-based statistical inference is significant for visualization and interpretation. In this study, we derive a limit distribution of a uniform norm of an estimation error for the OT map, and then develop a uniform confidence band based on it. In addition to our limit theorem, we develop a bootstrap method with kernel smoothing, then also derive its validation and guarantee on an asymptotic coverage probability of the confidence band. Our proof is based on the functional delta method and the representation of OT maps on the reals.
description: 37 pages
Electronic Shell Structure of Nanoscale Superconductors
Creators: name: Tanaka, K.
name: Marsiglio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments on Al nanoparticles, we have studied the effects of fixed electron number and small size in nanoscale superconductors, by applying the canonical BCS theory for the attractive Hubbard model in two and three dimensions. A negative ``gap'' in particles with an odd number of electrons as observed in the experiments is obtained in our canonical scheme. For particles with an even number of electrons, the energy gap exhibits shell structure as a function of electron density or system size in the weak-coupling regime: the gap is particularly large for ``magic numbers'' of electrons for a given system size or of atoms for a fixed electron density. The grand canonical BCS method essentially misses this feature. Possible experimental methods for observing such shell effects are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Modular $A_5$ Symmetry for Flavour Model Building
Creators: name: Novichkov, P. P.
name: Penedo, J. T.
name: Petcov, S. T.
name: Titov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the modular symmetry approach to lepton flavour, we consider a class of theories where matter superfields transform in representations of the finite modular group $Γ_5 \simeq A_5$. We explicitly construct a basis for the 11 modular forms of weight 2 and level 5. We show how these forms arrange themselves into two triplets and a quintet of $A_5$. We also present multiplets of modular forms of higher weight. Finally, we provide an example of application of our results, constructing two models of neutrino masses and mixing based on the supersymmetric Weinberg operator.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures; the model with flavons in subsection 3.3 slightly modified, results unchanged; Appendix C extended with multiplets of weight 6, 8 and 10 modular forms; Appendix D on correspondence with the Dedekind eta function containing one new figure added; one reference added; typos corrected; version to be published in JHEP
title: The Role of Toxocaral Larvae in the Transmission of Microbiological Infection
Creators: name: Al-Obaidi, S
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1980

description: The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between the Toxocara canis larvae and the transmission of bacteria in mice. Special attention was given to the attempt to understand the mechanisms by which the larvae could play a role in the dissemination of infection. Radioactive isotopes were used to label the Escherichia coli bacteria. Three isotopes were used, one β emitter (32p) and the two others were 59Fe and 51Cr as ɣ emitters. Exposure of the larvae to labelled bacteria, both in vitro and in vivo resulted in obtaining evidence that they could carry the bacteria. When the experiment s were done in vivo, the results strongly suggested that the T. cants larvae were able to disseminate the bacteria from the intestine to all the organs of the animals tested. The attempt to check whether the larvae exposed to the bacteria in a test tube could disseminate bacteria to the organs of mice, showed inconclusive results . Confirmatory experiments were carried out by using bacteriological and serological techniques. Evidence was obtained that the larvae were able to carry and might be able to disseminate the E. coli to the organs of the mouse. The result s will be discussed in relation to the possible dangers of these worms in the dissemination of disease-causing micro-organisms from the intestine to other parts of the body.
Unconventional charge-density-wave gap in monolayer NbS$_2$
Creators: name: Knispel, Timo
name: Berges, Jan
name: Schobert, Arne
name: van Loon, Erik G. C. P.
name: Jolie, Wouter
name: Wehling, Tim
name: Michely, Thomas
name: Fischer, Jeison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, for a monolayer of transition metal dichalcogenide H-NbS$_2$ grown by molecular beam epitaxy on graphene, we provide unambiguous evidence for a charge density wave (CDW) with a 3$\times$3 superstructure, which is not present in bulk NbS$_2$. Local spectroscopy displays a pronounced gap of the order of 20 meV at the Fermi level. Within the gap low energy features are present. The gap structure with its low energy features is at variance with the expectation for a gap opening in the electronic band structure due to a CDW. Instead, comparison with \it{ab initio} calculations indicates that the observed gap structure must be attributed to combined electron-phonon quasiparticles. The phonons in question are the elusive amplitude and phase collective modes of the CDW transition. Our findings advance the understanding of CDW mechanisms in two dimensional materials and their spectroscopic signatures.
Trends and mental health correlates of discrimination among Latin American and Asian immigrants in the United States
Creators: name: Goings, Trenette Clark
name: Cohen, Mariana
name: Oh, Sehun
name: Salas-Wright, Christopher P.
name: Schwartz, Seth J.
name: Delva, Jorge
name: Vaughn, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2019

description:
Purpose To examine the national trends and mental health correlates of discrimination among Latin American and Asian immigrants in the United States. Methods We examine data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions collected between 2004 and 2013. Recurrent discrimination was measured by respondent reports of adverse experiences such as receiving poor treatment in restaurants or being called a racist name. Results Rates of perceived discrimination increased by more than 80 percent among immigrants from Latin America (from 14% in 2004 to 25% in 2013), but remained unchanged among Asian immigrants (20–22%). Large percentage point (pp) increases were observed among Latin American immigrants with less than a high school education (pp increase = 13.5) and residing in households earning $20-35,000 annually (pp increase = 14.0). Conclusions Findings raise concern both because of the inherent iniquitousness of discrimination and because identity-based mistreatment is linked with mental health problems.
Embedding Democratic Values into Social Media AIs via Societal Objective Functions
Creators: name: Jia, Chenyan
name: Lam, Michelle S.
name: Mai, Minh Chau
name: Hancock, Jeff
name: Bernstein, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Can we design artificial intelligence (AI) systems that rank our social media feeds to consider democratic values such as mitigating partisan animosity as part of their objective functions? We introduce a method for translating established, vetted social scientific constructs into AI objective functions, which we term societal objective functions, and demonstrate the method with application to the political science construct of anti-democratic attitudes. Traditionally, we have lacked observable outcomes to use to train such models, however, the social sciences have developed survey instruments and qualitative codebooks for these constructs, and their precision facilitates translation into detailed prompts for large language models. We apply this method to create a democratic attitude model that estimates the extent to which a social media post promotes anti-democratic attitudes, and test this democratic attitude model across three studies. In Study 1, we first test the attitudinal and behavioral effectiveness of the intervention among US partisans (N=1,380) by manually annotating (alpha=.895) social media posts with anti-democratic attitude scores and testing several feed ranking conditions based on these scores. Removal (d=.20) and downranking feeds (d=.25) reduced participants' partisan animosity without compromising their experience and engagement. In Study 2, we scale up the manual labels by creating the democratic attitude model, finding strong agreement with manual labels (rho=.75). Finally, in Study 3, we replicate Study 1 using the democratic attitude model instead of manual labels to test its attitudinal and behavioral impact (N=558), and again find that the feed downranking using the societal objective function reduced partisan animosity (d=.25). This method presents a novel strategy to draw on social science theory and methods to mitigate societal harms in social media AIs.
description: This paper has been accepted to CSCW 2024 and will be published in Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 8, CSCW1, Article 163 (April 2024)
Algebraic bosonization: the study of the Heisenberg and Calogero-Sutherland models
Creators: name: Frau, Marialuisa
name: Lerda, Alberto
name: Sciuto, Stefano
name: Zemba, Guillermo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approach to treat (1+1)--dimensional fermionic systems based on the idea of algebraic bosonization. This amounts to decompose the elementary low-lying excitations around the Fermi surface in terms of basic building blocks which carry a representation of the W_{1+\infty} \times {\overline W_{1+\infty}} algebra, which is the dynamical symmetry of the Fermi quantum incompressible fluid. This symmetry simply expresses the local particle-number current conservation at the Fermi surface. The general approach is illustrated in detail in two examples: the Heisenberg and Calogero-Sutherland models, which allow for a comparison with the exact Bethe Ansatz solution.
description: 51 pages, plain LaTeX
Neural Multi-Task Learning for Citation Function and Provenance
Creators: name: Su, Xuan
name: Prasad, Animesh
name: Kan, Min-Yen
name: Sugiyama, Kazunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Citation function and provenance are two cornerstone tasks in citation analysis. Given a citation, the former task determines its rhetorical role, while the latter locates the text in the cited paper that contains the relevant cited information. We hypothesize that these two tasks are synergistically related, and build a model that validates this claim. For both tasks, we show that a single-layer convolutional neural network (CNN) outperforms existing state-of-the-art baselines. More importantly, we show that the two tasks are indeed synergistic: by jointly training both of the tasks in a multi-task learning setup, we demonstrate additional performance gains. Altogether, our models improve the current state-of-the-arts up to 2\%, with statistical significance for both citation function and provenance prediction tasks.
Disconcerting levels of alcohol use among Venezuelan immigrant adolescents in the United States
Creators: name: Vaughn, Michael G
name: Cohen, Mariana
name: John, Rachel
name: Marsiglia, Flavio
name: Oh, Sehun
name: Goings, Trenette C
name: Andrade, Patricia
name: Schwartz, Seth
name: Salas-Wright, Christopher P
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2019

description:
BACKGROUND: It is estimated that more than 4 million Venezuelans have left their country as a direct result of their nation's widespread social and economic challenges. Although recent research identifies Venezuela as one of the nations with the highest rates of harmful alcohol consumption in the Americas, no research has been conducted on alcohol use among Venezuelan youth in diaspora. METHODS: Data was collected between November 2018 and June 2019 from 373 Venezuelan immigrant youth ages 12-17 in the United States. The prevalence of past-month and lifetime alcohol use among Venezuelan youth is compared to that of other Hispanic and immigrant youth from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), and the Construyendo Oportunidades Para Adolecentes Latinos (COPAL) study using independent sample t tests. RESULTS: The prevalence of past-month and lifetime alcohol use was significantly higher among Venezuelan immigrant youth (15% and 52%, respectively) compared to other Hispanic (9% and 28%) and immigrant (4.5% and 28%) youth in the NSDUH, and youth ages 14-17 in the COPAL study (4.0% and 22%). Among Venezuelan youth reporting alcohol use initiation, 1.5% of youth ages 12-14 and 19% ages 15-17 report lifetime alcohol intoxication. DISCUSSION: Although preliminary, results indicate that a disconcerting proportion of Venezuelan crisis migrant youth in the US report lifetime alcohol initiation and past-month use. These findings suggest the importance of future research to examine the prevalence and correlates of alcohol use in this population using recruitment and sampling methods that will allow for population-level estimates.
title: Improving the flame‐retardant property of bottle‐grade PET foam made by reactive foam extrusion
Creators: name: Bethke, Christian
name: Goedderz, Daniela
name: Weber, Lais
name: Standau, Tobias
name: Döring, Manfred
name: Altstädt, Volker
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Upcycling of low intrinsic viscosity (IV) poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) grades, such as bottle‐ or recycled grades, by a reactive foam extrusion process, provides an appropriate alternative to high pricing, high IV grades commonly used for foaming applications. However, the drawback of bottle‐grade PET foams is its flame retardant (FR) performance. In this study, pyromellitic dianhydride was used as a chain extender to foam bottle‐grade PET. The influence of different FRs, containing halogenated (HFR) and four different phosphorous‐based types, on the processability and final foam properties was investigated. HFR showed better processability to achieve proper foams with fine morphology compared to P‐based FRs, where the FR content was adjusted between 2 and 5 wt%. However, HFR exhibited lower FR performance by cone calorimeter testing compared to the P‐based FRs and the commercial reference foam Kerdyn. Nonetheless, all of the FRs can only improve the time to ignition of the neat PET foams while the other values depend on the specific type of FR. In addition, all FR foams have improved mechanical properties more than twice in comparison to the neat PET foam.
Measurement of the High-Mass Drell-Yan Cross Section and Limits on Quark-Electron Compositeness Scales
Creators: name: Abbott, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the Drell-Yan cross section at high dielectron invariant mass using 120/pb of data collected in pbar-p collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV by the D0 collaboration during 1992-96. No deviation from standard model expectations is observed. We use the data to set limits on the energy scale of quark-electron compositeness with common constituents. The 95% confidence level lower limits on the compositeness scale vary between 3.3 TeV and 6.1 TeV depending on the assumed form of the effective contact interaction.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRL
Contextual risks and psychosocial outcomes among rural African American emerging adults: A latent profile analysis
Creators: name: Goings, Trenette Clark
name: Yu, Tianyi
name: Brody, Gene H.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Year: 2020

description:
African American emerging adults face unique contextual risks that place them at heightened risk for poor psychosocial outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify profiles of contextual risks among rural African American emerging adults and determine how risk profiles relate to psychosocial outcomes. Our representative sample included 667 fifth graders who live in the rural South and were followed from preadolescence into emerging adulthood. Contextual risks were assessed at ages 19-21 years via six indicators: perceived stress, daily stress, community disadvantage, parent-child conflict, racial discrimination, and childhood trauma. Four psychosocial variables were also assessed at ages 19-21 years: self-regulation, racial identity, parent support, and friend support. Psychosocial outcomes were assessed at age 25 years: education, substance use, future orientation, depressive symptoms, and externalizing behaviors. Latent profile analysis results indicated that the sample could be characterized by three patterns of contextual risk: low contextual risk, high contextual risk, and high contextual risk-childhood trauma. Risk profiles were associated with psychosocial outcomes, with the childhood trauma and high-risk profiles faring worse than the low-risk profile. Further, childhood trauma was particularly predictive of worse outcomes for emerging adults. Findings highlight the need for research and prevention programs that mitigate the effects of contextual risks on psychosocial outcomes for African American emerging adults in rural areas.
Examples of homological torsion and volume growth
Creators: name: Champanerkar, Abhijit
name: Kofman, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide examples of towers of covers of cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds whose exponential homological torsion growth is explicitly computed in terms of volume growth. These examples arise from abelian covers of alternating links in the thickened torus. A corollary is that the spanning tree entropy for each regular planar lattice is given by the volume of a hyperbolic polyhedron.
description: Added reference, minor corrections, 7 pages
LHC tau-pair production constraints on $a_τ$ and $d_τ$
Creators: name: Haisch, Ulrich
name: Schnell, Luc
name: Weiss, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that relevant constraints on the anomalous magnetic ($a_τ$) and electric ($d_τ$) moment of the tau lepton can be derived from tau-pair production measurements performed at the LHC. Our conclusion is based on the observation that the leading relative deviations from the Standard Model prediction for $pp \to τ^+ τ^-$ due to $a_τ$ and $d_τ$ are enhanced at high energies. Less precise measurements at hadron colliders can therefore offer the same or better sensitivity to new physics with respect to high-precision low-energy measurements performed at lepton machines. We derive bounds on $a_τ$ and $d_τ$ using the full LHC Run II data set on tau-pair production and compare our findings with the current best limits on the tau anomalous moments.
description: 11 pages and 2 figures; v2: slightly modified and extended version of the manuscript as published in SciPost
Evolution und verwandtschaftliche Beziehungen von Bovini-Spezies
Creators: name: Brade, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2021

description: Zusammenfassung Die Domestizierung von Rinder-Spezies hat seit dem frühen Holozän wesentlich zur weiteren Entwicklung der menschlichen Zivilisation beigetragen. Vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit beinhaltet schwerpunktmäßig die Phylogenie, Domestizierung und Verbreitung von Bovini-Spezies. Molekulargenetische Studien haben unser Verständnis zur Domestizierung sowie über vorliegende verwandtschaftliche Beziehungen zwischen zahlreichen Rinderpopulationen revolutioniert. Überlappende Verbreitungsgebiete verschiedener Rinder-Spezies führten nachweislich zu Hybridisierungen untereinander. Die spezifische Auslese und Vermehrung einiger weniger beliebter Hochleistungsrassen ist ein weltweites Kennzeichen der aktuellen Lebensmittelerzeugung tierischer Herkunft. Inwieweit die Etablierung der Genom-Editierung (GE) zur Bildung zusätzlicher genetischer Diversität zwischen verschiedenen Rinderpopulationen beitragen kann, bleibt künftigen Bewertungen vorbehalten. Die weitere Evolution unserer Rinder bleibt deshalb auch überregional spannend! Schlüsselwörter: Rinder, Phylogenie, Taxonomie, Molekulargenetik, neue Züchtungsverfahren
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge