cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determination of insecticide doses from Sublethal doses of insecticide reduce thermal tolerance of a stingless bee and are not avoided in a resource choice test
Creators: name: Farnan, Holly
name: Yeeles, Peter
name: Lach, Lori
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: A description of how we determined which insecticide doses to use for the study
Eccentricity effects on the quantum confinement in double quantum rings
Creators: name: Silva, J. Costa e
name: Chaves, Andrey
name: Farias, G. A.
name: Degani, M. H.
name: Ferreira, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a theoretical study of the energy spectrum of GaAs/AlGaAs concentric double quantum rings, under an applied magnetic field directed perpendicular to the ring plane. The Schrodinger equation for this system is solved in a realistic model consisting of rings with finite barrier potentials. Numerical results show that increasing the magnetic field intensity leads to oscillations in the ground state energy which, in contrast to the usual Aharonov-Bohm oscillations, do not have a well defined period, due to the coupling between inner and outer rings states. However, when one considers an elliptical geometry for the rings, the energy spectra of the inner and outer ring states are decoupled and the periodicity of the oscillations is recovered.
The 2-parity conjecture for elliptic curves with isomorphic 2-torsion
Creators: name: Green, Holly
name: Maistret, Celine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11G40, Secondary 11G10, 11G05, 11G07, 14K15

description: The Birch and Swinnerton--Dyer conjecture famously predicts that the rank of an elliptic curve can be computed from its $L$-function. In this article we consider a weaker version of this conjecture called the parity conjecture and prove the following. Let $E_1$ and $E_2$ be two elliptic curves defined over a number field $K$ whose 2-torsion groups are isomorphic as Galois modules. Assuming finiteness of the Shafarevich-Tate groups of $E_1$ and $E_2$, we show that the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture correctly predicts the parity of the rank of $E_1\times E_2$. Using this result, we complete the proof of the $p$-parity conjecture for elliptic curves over totally real fields.
description: Added Theorem 6.5 and Corollary 6.6 which complete the proof of the $p$-parity conjecture for elliptic curves over totally real fields. 16 pages, appendix by Holly Green
Strange and multi-strange particle production in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV with ALICE
Creators: name: Yin, Zhongbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALICE results on strange and multi-strange hadron production as a function of centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV at the LHC. Their transverse momentum spectra, yields and particle ratios are compared to the corresponding measurements in pp collisions to address strangeness enhancement and high $p_{\rm T}$ particle suppression. The results are also compared to measurements at RHIC and SPS energies.
description: Proceedings of workshop on the hadron nuclear physics, July 18-22, 2013
Mass concentration in a nonlocal model of clonal selection
Creators: name: Busse, Jan-Erik
name: Gwiazda, Piotr
name: Marciniak-Czochra, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Self-renewal is a constitutive property of stem cells. Testing the cancer stem cell hypothesis requires investigation of the impact of self-renewal on cancer expansion. To understand better this impact, we propose a mathematical model describing dynamics of a continuum of cell clones structured by the self-renewal potential. The model is an extension of the finite multi-compartment models of interactions between normal and cancer cells in acute leukemias. It takes a form of a system of integro-differential equations with a nonlinear and nonlocal coupling, which describes regulatory feedback loops in cell proliferation and differentiation process. We show that such coupling leads to mass concentration in points corresponding to maximum of the self-renewal potential and the model solutions tend asymptotically to a linear combination of Dirac measures. Furthermore, using a Lyapunov function constructed for a finite dimensional counterpart of the model, we prove that the total mass of the solution converges to a globally stable equilibrium. Additionally, we show stability of the model in space of positive Radon measures equipped with flat metric. The analytical results are illustrated by numerical simulations.
Bericht der erschrekklichen hohen Wasser-Fluht in Holland; [1651?]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: Kein Hinweis auf das Erscheinungsjahr vorhanden: Wahrscheinlich Bericht über die Petriflut von 1651. - In Fraktur
Spin-Spin Correlation Enhanced by Impurities in a Frustrated Two-leg Spin Ladder
Creators: name: Sugimoto, Takanori
name: Mori, Michiyasu
name: Tohyama, Takami
name: Maekawa, Sadamichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study a spin-spin correlation enhanced by non-magnetic impurities in a frustrated two-leg spin ladder. The frustration is introduced by the next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic interaction in the leg direction in the antiferromagnetic two-leg spin ladder. The spin-spin correlation function around impurity site is calculated by the density-matrix renormalization-group method. We find that the spin-spin correlation is enhanced around impurity site with the wavenumber reflecting the frustration. As increasing the frustration, the wavenumber is shifted from commensurate to incommensurate. We discuss several experimental results on BiCu2PO6 in the light of our theory.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
EpiBeds: Data informed modelling of the COVID-19 hospital burden in England
Creators: name: Overton, Christopher E.
name: Pellis, Lorenzo
name: Stage, Helena B.
name: Scarabel, Francesca
name: Burton, Joshua
name: Fraser, Christophe
name: Hall, Ian
name: House, Thomas A.
name: Jewell, Chris
name: Nurtay, Anel
name: Pagani, Filippo
name: Lythgoe, Katrina A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The first year of the COVID-19 pandemic put considerable strain on the national healthcare system in England. In order to predict the effect of the local epidemic on hospital capacity in England, we used a variety of data streams to inform the construction and parameterisation of a hospital progression model, which was coupled to a model of the generalised epidemic. We named this model EpiBeds. Data from a partially complete patient-pathway line-list was used to provide initial estimates of the mean duration that individuals spend in the different hospital compartments. We then fitted EpiBeds using complete data on hospital occupancy and hospital deaths, enabling estimation of the proportion of individuals that follow different clinical pathways, and the reproduction number of the generalised epidemic. The construction of EpiBeds makes it straightforward to adapt to different patient pathways and settings beyond England. As part of the UK response to the pandemic, EpiBeds has provided weekly forecasts to the NHS for hospital bed occupancy and admissions in England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.
Calodia sinuata Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Calodia
Calodia sinuata

description: Calodia sinuata, sp. nov. (Plate 1A, Fig. 13-19) Description. Length. Male 7.75 mm., female unknown. External morphology. Moderately large, slender species. General color dark brown to blackish, with numerous, small, ivory to yellow spots on forewings; head narrower than pronotum, anterior margin broadly obtuse; crown wide, about as wide as eyes, produced anteriorly beyond margin of eyes, lateral margins convergent basally; pronotum large, slightly longer medially than crown; surface bullated; mesonotum very large, nearly twice as long medially than pronotum; clypeus long, narrow, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus long, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, narrow lateral margins flared apically. Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view somewhat triangulate, small lobe on apex, glabrous (Fig. 13); aedeagus asymmetrical, sinuate, narrowly tubular in dorsal view, inflated in basal 1/3, recurved apically in lateral view, with 2 long, sinuate, setose apical spines (Fig. 14, 15); style long, robust, apophysis strongly striate longitudinally, apex abruptly tapered (Fig. 16, 17); dorsal connective long, narrow (Fig. 14, 15); connective large, anterior membranous arms broad, without medial ridge, stem small, lobate (Fig. 18); subgenital plate long, broad, glabrous (Fig. 19). Material examined. Holotype male. LAOS: Phongsaly prov., Ban Sano Mai, 19-26, V, 2004, 1150 m., 21 o 21' N, 102 o 03' E, P. Pacholatko, leg. (MMBC). Etymology. The name of the species is descriptive for the sinuate shaft and apical processes of the aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. Remarks. This species is similar to a group of species which possess setose, apical or subapical, spines on aedeagal shaft and can be distinguished by the triangulate apex of the aedeagus in dorsal view which is recurved apically in lateral view.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
Error-based or target-based? A unifying framework for learning in recurrent spiking networks
Creators: name: Capone, Cristiano
name: Muratore, Paolo
name: Paolucci, Pier Stanislao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Learning in biological or artificial networks means changing the laws governing the network dynamics in order to better behave in a specific situation. In the field of supervised learning, two complementary approaches stand out: error-based and target-based learning. However, there exists no consensus on which is better suited for which task, and what is the most biologically plausible. Here we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework that includes these two frameworks as special cases. This novel theoretical formulation offers major insights into the differences between the two approaches. In particular, we show how target-based naturally emerges from error-based when the number of constraints on the target dynamics, and as a consequence on the internal network dynamics, is comparable to the degrees of freedom of the network. Moreover, given the experimental evidences on the relevance that spikes have in biological networks, we investigate the role of coding with specific patterns of spikes by introducing a parameter that defines the tolerance to precise spike timing during learning. Our approach naturally lends itself to Imitation Learning (and Behavioral Cloning in particular) and we apply it to solve relevant closed-loop tasks such as the button-and-food task, and the 2D Bipedal Walker. We show that a high dimensionality feedback structure is extremely important when it is necessary to solve a task that requires retaining memory for a long time (button-and-food). On the other hand, we find that coding with specific patterns of spikes enables optimal performances in a motor task (the 2D Bipedal Walker). Finally, we show that our theoretical formulation suggests protocols to deduce the structure of learning feedback in biological networks.
description: Main text: 14 pages, 5 figures Suppl. Mat.: 12 pages, 3 figures
On radiuses of convergence of q-metallic numbers and related q-rational numbers
Creators: name: Ren, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The q-rational numbers and the q-irrational numbers are introduced by S. Morier-Genoud and V. Ovsienko. In this paper, we focus on q-real quadratic irrational numbers, especially q-metallic numbers and q-rational sequences which converge to q-metallic numbers, and consider the radiuses of convergence of them when we assume that q is a complex number. We construct two sequences given by recurrence formula as a generalization of the q-deformation of Fibonacci numbers and Pell numbers which are introduced by S. Morier-Genoud and V. Ovsienko. We give an estimation of radiuses of convergence of them, and we solve on conjecture of the lower bound expected which is introduced by L. Leclere, S. Morier-Genoud, V. Ovsienko, and A. Veselov for the metallic numbers and its convergence rational sequence. In addition, we obtain a relationship between the radius of convergence of the [n,n,...,n,...]_q and [n,n,...,n]_q in the case of n=3 and n=4.
title: Olai Vereli[i] Manuductio Compendiosa Ad Runographiam Scandicam Antiqvam, Recte Intelligendam; 1675
title: Codex Argent: Izvis atgiban ist kunnan Runa piudangardjos gups = En kort underwijsning Om Then Gambla Swea-Götha Runa-Ristning
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Verelius, Olof
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Upsalæ ... Excudit Henricus Curio S.R.M. & Academiæ Upsalensis Bibliopola 1675
FAIR Data Pipeline: provenance-driven data management for traceable scientific workflows
Creators: name: Mitchell, Sonia Natalie
name: Lahiff, Andrew
name: Cummings, Nathan
name: Hollocombe, Jonathan
name: Boskamp, Bram
name: Field, Ryan
name: Reddyhoff, Dennis
name: Zarebski, Kristian
name: Wilson, Antony
name: Viola, Bruno
name: Burke, Martin
name: Archibald, Blair
name: Bessell, Paul
name: Blackwell, Richard
name: Boden, Lisa A
name: Brett, Alys
name: Brett, Sam
name: Dundas, Ruth
name: Enright, Jessica
name: Gonzalez-Beltran, Alejandra N.
name: Harris, Claire
name: Hinder, Ian
name: Hughes, Christopher David
name: Knight, Martin
name: Mano, Vino
name: McMonagle, Ciaran
name: Mellor, Dominic
name: Mohr, Sibylle
name: Marion, Glenn
name: Matthews, Louise
name: McKendrick, Iain J.
name: Pooley, Christopher Mark
name: Porphyre, Thibaud
name: Reeves, Aaron
name: Townsend, Edward
name: Turner, Robert
name: Walton, Jeremy
name: Reeve, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern epidemiological analyses to understand and combat the spread of disease depend critically on access to, and use of, data. Rapidly evolving data, such as data streams changing during a disease outbreak, are particularly challenging. Data management is further complicated by data being imprecisely identified when used. Public trust in policy decisions resulting from such analyses is easily damaged and is often low, with cynicism arising where claims of "following the science" are made without accompanying evidence. Tracing the provenance of such decisions back through open software to primary data would clarify this evidence, enhancing the transparency of the decision-making process. Here, we demonstrate a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) data pipeline developed during the COVID-19 pandemic that allows easy annotation of data as they are consumed by analyses, while tracing the provenance of scientific outputs back through the analytical source code to data sources. Such a tool provides a mechanism for the public, and fellow scientists, to better assess the trust that should be placed in scientific evidence, while allowing scientists to support policy-makers in openly justifying their decisions. We believe that tools such as this should be promoted for use across all areas of policy-facing research.
Direct evidence for a supernova interacting with a large amount of hydrogen-free circumstellar material
Creators: name: Ben-Ami, Sagi
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Mazzali, Paolo A.
name: Modjaz, Maryam
name: Rabinak, Itay
name: Sullivan, Mark
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Yaron, Ofer
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Horesh, Assaf
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Nugent, Peter E.
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Perley, Daniel
name: Quimby, Robert
name: Xu, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our observations of SN 2010mb, a Type Ic SN lacking spectroscopic signatures of H and He. SN 2010mb has a slowly-declining light curve ($\sim600\,$days) that cannot be powered by $^{56}$Ni/$^{56}$Co radioactivity, the common energy source for Type Ic SNe. We detect signatures of interaction with hydrogen-free CSM including a blue quasi-continuum and, uniquely, narrow oxygen emission lines that require high densities ($\sim10^9$cm$^{-3}$). From the observed spectra and light curve we estimate that the amount of material involved in the interaction was $\sim3$M$_{\odot}$. Our observations are in agreement with models of pulsational pair-instability SNe described in the literature.
Robust automated radiation therapy treatment planning using scenario-specific dose prediction and robust dose mimicking
Creators: name: Eriksson, Oskar
name: Zhang, Tianfang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: We present a framework for robust automated treatment planning using machine learning, comprising scenario-specific dose prediction and robust dose mimicking. Methods: The scenario dose prediction pipeline is divided into the prediction of nominal dose from input image and the prediction of scenario dose from nominal dose, each using a deep learning model with U-net architecture. By using a specially developed dose-volume histogram-based loss function, the predicted scenario doses are ensured sufficient target coverage despite the possibility of the training data being non-robust. Deliverable plans may then be created by solving a robust dose mimicking problem with the predictions as scenario-specific reference doses. Results: Numerical experiments are performed using a dataset of 52 intensity-modulated proton therapy plans for prostate patients. We show that the predicted scenario doses resemble their respective ground truth well, in particular while having target coverage comparable to that of the nominal scenario. The deliverable plans produced by the subsequent robust dose mimicking were showed to be robust against the same scenario set considered for prediction. Conclusions: We demonstrate the feasibility and merits of the proposed methodology for incorporating robustness into automated treatment planning algorithms.
On the roots of $σ$-polynomials
Creators: name: Brown, Jason
name: Erey, Aysel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a graph $G$ of order $n$, the $σ$-$polynomial$ of $G$ is the generating function $σ(G,x) = \sum a_{i}x^{i}$ where $a_{i}$ is the number of partitions of the vertex set of $G$ into $i$ nonempty independent sets. Such polynomials arise in a natural way from chromatic polynomials. Brenti [1] proved that $σ$-polynomials of graphs with chromatic number at least $n-2$ had all real roots, and conjectured the same held for chromatic number $n-3$. We affirm this conjecture.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; added keywords, changed one of the author's e-mail address, changed a sentence in the last paragraph of the concluding remarks section
Local and collective transitions in sparsely-interacting ecological communities
Creators: name: Marcus, Stav
name: Turner, Ari M.
name: Bunin, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions in natural communities can be highly heterogeneous, with any given species interacting appreciably with only some of the others, a situation commonly represented by sparse interaction networks. We study the consequences of sparse competitive interactions, in a theoretical model of a community assembled from a species pool. We find that communities can be in a number of different regimes, depending on the interaction strength. When interactions are strong, the network of coexisting species breaks up into small subgraphs, while for weaker interactions these graphs are larger and more complex, eventually encompassing all species. This process is driven by emergence of new allowed subgraphs as interaction strength decreases, leading to sharp changes in diversity and other community properties, and at weaker interactions to two distinct collective transitions: a percolation transition, and a transition between having a unique equilibrium and having multiple alternative equilibria. Understanding community structure is thus made up of two parts: first, finding which subgraphs are allowed at a given interaction strength, and secondly, a discrete problem of matching these structures over the entire community. In a shift from the focus of many previous theories, these different regimes can be traversed by modifying the interaction strength alone, without need for heterogeneity in either interaction strengths or the number of competitors per species.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
On generalized Ramanujan primes
Creators: name: Axler, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N05, 11A41, 11B05

description: In this paper we establish several results concerning the generalized Ramanujan primes. For $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $k \in \mathbb{R}_{> 1}$ we give estimates for the $n$th $k$-Ramanujan prime which lead both to generalizations and to improvements of the results presently in the literature. Moreover, we obtain results about the distribution of $k$-Ramanujan primes. In addition, we find explicit formulae for certain $n$th $k$-Ramanujan primes. As an application, we prove that a conjecture of Mitra, Paul and Sarkar concerning the number of primes in certain intervals holds for every sufficiently large positive integer.
description: The final publication is available at link.springer.com under http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11139-015-9693-9
Creberulidia inflata Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Creberulidia
Creberulidia inflata

description: Creberulidia inflata, sp. nov. (Plate 1H, Fig. 62-68) Description. Length. Male 7.90-8.80 mm., female unknown. External morphology. Moderately large, slender species. General color dark brown to black with numerous small yellow spots on forewings; mesonotum and pronotum black, pronotal bullae yellow; crown yellow; eyes dark brown; face yellow, clypeus with orange, longitudinal stripes on inner lateral margins, clypellus with orange longitudinal stripe medially; head distinctly narrower than pronotum, anterior margin rounded; crown narrower than width of eyes, produced slightly anteriorly, lateral margins convergent basally; pronotum large, slightly longer medially than crown; mesonotum large, slightly longer medially than pronotum; clypeus long, narrow, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, narrow, apex flared laterally. Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view sub-quadrate, small lobe apically, moderately long, digitate caudoventral lobe (Fig. 62); aedeagus with shaft strongly inflated in basal 1/ 4 in dorsal view, tubular in distal ¾, short row of short setae on lateral margin near middle, small tuft of teeth apically on dorsal margin, gonopore medial (Fig. 63, 64); style with moderately long apophysis (Fig. 65, 66); dorsal connective long, narrow (Fig. 63, 64); connective large, anterior arms narrow, medial ridge incomplete, stem large, semi ovate (Fig. 67); subgenital plate long, broad with apex tapered, curved laterally, sparsely setose in apical ¼ (Fig. 68). Material examined. Holotype male. THAILAND: Loei Phu Ruea NP, Pha Lo Noy, 17 o 30.502’N 101 o 20.868’E., / 1343 m., pan traps, 10.vii.2007, Patikhom Tumtip, leg., T2301 (QSBG). Additional material (ULKY, MLBM). Etymology. The name of the species is descriptive for the inflated base of the aedeagal shaft. Remarks. From Creberulidia corniger sp. nov. (see below) to which it is most similar, C. inflata can be separated by the shorter aedeagus with inflated base of the aedeagal shaft in dorsal view, the sub quadrate pygofer and the curved apex of the subgenital plate.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
title: Feng-t'ien kao-ming; 1662
title: Libellus itidem continens encomia & titulos, quas Sinarum Imperator contulit P. Joanni Adamo Schall Soc. Jesu, eius parentibus, avis, & proavis in quartam scilicet Imperij sui decimo ocavo, à filio successore anno primo Imperij sui confirmatos & traditos
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schall von Bell, Johann Adam
name: Qing Shengzu China, Kaiser
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Text chines. mit lat. Titelaufschrift
Hierarchical model reduction of nonlinear partial differential equations based on the adaptive empirical projection method and reduced basis techniques
Creators: name: Smetana, Kathrin
name: Ohlberger, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N15, 65N30, 65Y20, 35J60, 65D05, 65D30

description: In this paper we extend the hierarchical model reduction framework based on reduced basis techniques for the application to nonlinear partial differential equations. The major new ingredient to accomplish this goal is the introduction of the adaptive empirical projection method, which is an adaptive integration algorithm based on the (generalized) empirical interpolation method. Different from other partitioning concepts for the empirical interpolation method we perform an adaptive decomposition of the spatial domain. We project both the variational formulation and the range of the nonlinear operator onto reduced spaces. Those reduced spaces combine the full dimensional (finite element) space in an identified dominant spatial direction and a reduction space or collateral basis space spanned by modal orthonormal basis functions in the transverse direction. Both the reduction and the collateral basis space are constructed in a highly nonlinear fashion by introducing a parametrized problem in the transverse direction and associated parametrized operator evaluations, and by applying reduced basis methods to select the bases from the corresponding snapshots. Rigorous a priori and a posteriori error estimators, which do not require additional regularity of the nonlinear operator are proven for the adaptive empirical projection method and then used to derive a rigorous a posteriori error estimator for the resulting hierarchical model reduction approach. Numerical experiments for an elliptic nonlinear diffusion equation demonstrate a fast convergence of the proposed dimensionally reduced approximation to the solution of the full-dimensional problem. Runtime experiments verify a close to linear scaling of the reduction method in the number of degrees of freedom used for the computations in the dominant direction.
Sharp thresholds limit the benefit of defector avoidance in cooperation on networks
Creators: name: Fahimipour, Ashkaan K.
name: Zeng, Fanqi
name: Homer, Martin
name: Traulsen, Arne
name: Levin, Simon A.
name: Gross, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Consider a cooperation game on a spatial network of habitat patches, where players can relocate between patches if they judge the local conditions to be unfavorable. In time, the relocation events may lead to a homogeneous state where all patches harbor the same relative densities of cooperators and defectors or they may lead to self-organized patterns, where some patches become safe havens that maintain an elevated cooperator density. Here we analyze the transition between these states mathematically. We show that safe havens form once a certain threshold in connectivity is crossed. This threshold can be analytically linked to the structure of the patch network and specifically to certain network motifs. Surprisingly, a forgiving defector avoidance strategy may be most favorable for cooperators. Our results demonstrate that the analysis of cooperation games in ecological metacommunity models is mathematically tractable and has the potential to link topics such as macroecological patterns, behavioral evolution, and network topology.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Highly Scalable Maximum Likelihood and Conjugate Bayesian Inference for ERGMs on Graph Sets with Equivalent Vertices
Creators: name: Yin, Fan
name: Butts, Carter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The exponential family random graph modeling (ERGM) framework provides a flexible approach for the statistical analysis of networks. As ERGMs typically involve normalizing factors that are costly to compute, practical inference relies on a variety of approximations or other workarounds. Markov Chain Monte Carlo maximum likelihood (MCMC MLE) provides a powerful tool to approximate the MLE of ERGM parameters, and is feasible for typical models on single networks with as many as a few thousand nodes. MCMC-based algorithms for Bayesian analysis are more expensive, and high-quality answers are challenging to obtain on large graphs. For both strategies, extension to the pooled case - in which we observe multiple networks from a common generative process - adds further computational cost, with both time and memory scaling linearly in the number of graphs. This becomes prohibitive for large networks, or where large numbers of graph observations are available. Here, we exploit some basic properties of the discrete exponential families to develop an approach for ERGM inference in the pooled case that (where applicable) allows an arbitrarily large number of graph observations to be fit at no additional computational cost beyond preprocessing the data itself. Moreover, a variant of our approach can also be used to perform Bayesian inference under conjugate priors, again with no additional computational cost in the estimation phase. As we show, the conjugate prior is easily specified, and is well-suited to applications such as regularization. Simulation studies show that the pooled method leads to estimates with good frequentist properties, and posterior estimates under the conjugate prior are well-behaved. We demonstrate our approach with applications to pooled analysis of brain functional connectivity networks and to replicated x-ray crystal structures of hen egg-white lysozyme.
title: Georgi[i] Stiernhielmi[i] Anticluverius, sive Scriptum breve, Johanni Cluverio Dantisco-Borusso oppositum; 1685
title: Gentis Gothicae Originem Et Antiquissimam in Scandia vel Scandinavia Sedem Vindicans, ut & ejusdem De Hyperboreis Dissertatio brevis. Opuscula posthuma indice aucta
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stiernhielm, Georg
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Holmiæ, Sumptibus & Typis Henrici Keysers, Typogr. Reg. Anno 1685.
Capture into resonance and escape from it in a forced nonlinear pendulum
Creators: name: Neishtadt, A. I.
name: Vasiliev, A. A.
name: Artemyev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70K70, 70K30, 34C15

description: We study dynamics of a nonlinear pendulum under a periodic force with small amplitude and slowly decreasing frequency. It is well known that when the frequency of the external force passes through the value of the frequency of the unperturbed pendulum's oscillations, the pendulum can be captured into the resonance. The captured pendulum oscillates in such a way that the resonance is preserved, and the amplitude of the oscillations accordingly grows. We consider this problem in the frames of a standard Hamiltonian approach to resonant phenomena in slow-fast Hamiltonian systems developed earlier, and evaluate the probability of capture into the resonance. If the system passes the resonance at small enough initial amplitudes of the pendulum, the capture occurs with necessity (so-called autoresonance). In general, the probability of capture varies between one and zero, depending on the initial amplitude. We demonstrate that a pendulum captured at small values of its amplitude escapes from the resonance in the domain of oscillations close to the separatrix of the pendulum, and evaluate the amplitude of the oscillations at the escape.
A volume-of-fluid formulation for the study of co-flowing fluids governed by the Hele-Shaw equations
Creators: name: Afkhami, Shahriar
name: Renardy, Yuriko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computational framework to address the flow of two immiscible viscous liquids which co-flow into a shallow rectangular container at one side, and flow out into a holding container at the opposite side. Assumptions based on the shallow depth of the domain are used to reduce the governing equations to one of Hele-Shaw type. The distinctive feature of the numerical method is the accurate modeling of the capillary effects. A continuum approach coupled with a volume-of-fluid formulation for computing the interface motion and for modeling the interfacial tension in Hele-Shaw flows is formulated and implemented. The interface is reconstructed with a height-function algorithm. The combination of these algorithms is a novel development for the investigation of Hele-Shaw flows. The order of accuracy and convergence properties of the method are discussed with benchmark simulations. A microfluidic flow of a ribbon of fluid which co-flows with a second liquid is simulated. We show that for small capillary numbers of O(0.01), there is an abrupt change in interface curvature and focusing occurs close to the exit.
Glaberana dentilamina Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Glaberana
Glaberana dentilamina

description: Glaberana dentilamina, sp. nov. (Plate 2C, Fig. 90-96) Description. Length. Male 7.60 mm., female unknown. External morphology. Moderate size, slender species. General color black; forewings, mesonotum and pronotum black without markings; crown brown with black stripe on each side of middle, contiguous anteriorly; eyes ivory; face yellow, without markings; head narrower than pronotum, anterior margin nearly acutely angled; crown narrower than width of eyes, produced anteriorly about 1/3 of entire length, lateral margins convergent basally; eyes large, elongate ovoid; clypeus long, broad, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, narrow, apex flared laterally. Male genitalia. Pygofer moderately large, triangulate, with small caudoventral, digitate lobe, glabrous (Fig. 90); aedeagus long, narrow, tubular, straight in dorsal view, shaft broadly curved in lateral view, basal 1/4 broad, tapered in apical ¾, glabrous (Fig. 91, 92); style small, boot-shape (calceus) in lateral view, apophysis narrow in dorsal view (Fig. 93, 94); dorsal connective long, narrow (Fig. 95); connective small, anterior arms narrow, medial ridge absent, stem sub-ovate (Fig. 94); subgenital plate long, narrow, with row of teeth on inner lateral margin in distal 1/5 (Fig. 96). Material examined. Holotype male. THAILAND: Phetchabun, Khao Kho NP., Savanna at nursery/ 16 o 52.568’N 101 o 08.104’E., 520 m., pan traps, 6-7.x.2006, / Somchai Chatchumman and Sa-ink Singtong, leg., T797 (QSBG). Etymology. The name of the species is descriptive for the toothed subgenital plate. Remarks. From G. arca (Nielson) to which it is similar in aedeagal features, G. dentilamina can be separated by the much shorter style, presence of a caudoventral lobe of the pygofer and by the row of teeth on the inner lateral margin of the subgenital plate.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
Glaberana penita Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Glaberana
Glaberana penita

description: Glaberana penita, sp. nov. (Plate 2D, Fig. 97-104) Description. Length. Male 8.85-9.40 mm., female unknown. External morphology. Moderately large, somewhat slender species. General color dark brown to black. Forewings with numerous yellow spots on veins and cells; mesonotum black with few yellow spots; pronotum dark brown to black, bullae dark yellow; crown light to dark brown; eyes light to dark brown; face light to dark yellow, clypeus with suffused orange brown, longitudinal stripe on inner lateral margins; clypellus with short medial orange stripe; head narrower than pronotum, anterior margin obtusely rounded; crown short, wider than width of eyes, slightly produced anteriorly, lateral margins convergent basally; pronotum large, slightly longer medially than crown, surface bullated; mesonotum large, about half longer medially than pronotum; clypeus long, narrow, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, narrow, apex slightly flared laterally. Male genitalia. Pygofer large, triangulate, with cleft lobe apically, moderately long, digitate caudoventral lobe, glabrous (Fig. 97); aedeagus long, narrow, tubular, sinuate in dorsal and lateral views, base of shaft triangulate with fine teeth in distal 1/6 on dorsal margin, gonopore in distal 4/5 of shaft (Fig. 98, 99); style long with large base in lateral view, apophysis long with long seta apically (Fig. 100, 101); dorsal connective long, narrow (Fig. 98, 99); connective large, arms narrow, very broad, medial ridge absent, stem small, sub-triangulate (Fig. 102); subgenital plate very long, broad, large apical spine curved laterally in ventral view, setose along outer lateral margin in distal 1/8 (Fig. 103, 104). Material examined. Holotype male. LAOS: 24-29.iv.2001, Khammouan prov., 18 o 07’N 104 o 29’E, Ban Khoun Ngeun, 200m., Vit Kuban, leg. / Entomological expedition, “Laos 2001”, Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic (MMBC). Paratypes, 2 males, same data as holotype (MMBC, MLBM), 1 male, LAOS-C: 19-31.v.2001, Kham Mouan prov., 18 o 07’N 04 o 29’E., Ban Khoun Ngeun, 200 m., L. Dembicky, leg. / Entomological expedition, “Laos 2001”, Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic (MMBC), 1 male, LAOS-N: (Oudomxai), 1-9.v.2002, 1100 m., 20 o 45’N 102 o 09’E., Oudom Xai (17 km. Nee), Vit Kuban, leg. (MMBC). Etymology. The name of this species is descriptive for the inwardly curved, apical spine of the subgenital plate. Remarks. Among species with large spinate subgenital plate, G. penita can be separated by the inward projection of the spine, by the sinuate aedeagus and presence of the apical stylar seta.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
Towards a Theory of Evolution as Multilevel Learning
Creators: name: Vanchurin, Vitaly
name: Wolf, Yuri I.
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
name: Koonin, Eugene V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We apply the theory of learning to physically renormalizable systems in an attempt to develop a theory of biological evolution, including the origin of life, as multilevel learning. We formulate seven fundamental principles of evolution that appear to be necessary and sufficient to render a universe observable and show that they entail the major features of biological evolution, including replication and natural selection. These principles also follow naturally from the theory of learning. We formulate the theory of evolution using the mathematical framework of neural networks, which provides for detailed analysis of evolutionary phenomena. To demonstrate the potential of the proposed theoretical framework, we derive a generalized version of the Central Dogma of molecular biology by analyzing the flow of information during learning (back-propagation) and predicting (forward-propagation) the environment by evolving organisms. The more complex evolutionary phenomena, such as major transitions in evolution, in particular, the origin of life, have to be analyzed in the thermodynamic limit, which is described in detail in the accompanying paper.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Cosmological fluctuations of a random field and radiation fluid
Creators: name: Bastero-Gil, Mar
name: Berera, Arjun
name: Moss, Ian G.
name: Ramos, Rudnei O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the random fluid hydrodynamic fluctuation theory due to Landau and Lifshitz is applied to describe cosmological fluctuations in systems with radiation and scalar fields. The viscous pressures, parametrized in terms of the bulk and shear viscosity coefficients, and the respective random fluctuations in the radiation fluid are combined with the stochastic and dissipative scalar evolution equation. This results in a complete set of equations describing the perturbations in both scalar and radiation fluids. These derived equations are then studied, as an example, in the context of warm inflation. Similar treatments can be done for other cosmological early universe scenarios involving thermal or statistical fluctuations.
description: 24 pages; 4 figures; published version in JCAP
Some recent advances in urban system science: models and data
Creators: name: Arcaute, Elsa
name: Ramasco, Jose J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cities are characterized by the presence of a dense population with a high potential for interactions between individuals of diverse backgrounds. They appear in parallel to the Neolithic revolution a few millennia ago. The advantages brought in terms of agglomeration for economy, innovation, social and cultural advancements have kept them as a major landmark in recent human history. There are many different aspects to study in urban systems from a scientific point of view, just to name a few one can concentrate in demography and population evolution, mobility, economic output, land use and urban planning, home accessibility and real estate market, energy and water consumption, waste processing, health, education, integration of minorities, etc. In the last decade, the introduction of communication and information technologies have enormously facilitated the collection of datasets on these and other questions, making possible a more quantitative approach to city science. All these topics have been addressed in many works in the literature, and we do not intend to offer here a systematic review. Instead, we will only provide a brief taste of some of these above-mentioned aspects, which could serve as an introduction to a subsequent special number. Such a non-systematic view will lead us to leave outside many relevant papers, and for this we apologise.
description: 10 pages text, 10 pages references
Perissodactyla Owen 1848
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Perissodactyla

description: ORDER PERISSODACTYLA ISIS NUMBER: 5301418000000000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Perissodactyla, pp. 308-311 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 308, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353013