cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A comparison of real-world outdoor aging of Bacillus thuringiensis bioaerosols using Goldberg rotating drums and synthetic spider webs in Conroe, Texas
Creators: name: Kinahan, Sean M.
name: Lucero, Gabriel A.
name: Tezak, Matthew S.
name: Hommema, Kevin
name: Gemmer, Paul
name: Scribben, Eric
name: Hawkyard, Thomas
name: Collins, Don R.
name: Crown, Kevin K.
name: Santarpia, Joshua L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There are two predominant methods for understanding and studying bioaerosol aging: capture on microfibers, and Goldberg rotating drums. There are advantages and disadvantages to each approach depending on the experimental needs, cost, and timeline, but they have rarely been compared in parallel to determine the similarity of results. Experiments that use Goldberg drums have the advantage of studying aerosol particles in suspension, but due time resolution of aging processes is limited by chamber volume, sample volumes, and aerosol loss mechanisms. For microfiber experiments, particles are adhered to the fiber, and so only simulate natural aerosols, but there are significant advantages since particles are not lost during aging and the time resolution is not limited by sampling. In this study, we compared outdoor UV-transmitting Goldberg rotating drums with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) synthetic spider web material in a complex real-world environment during a summer near Houston, Texas. Bacillus thuringiensis al hakam spores were aerosolized into UV-transmitting, gas-permeable chambers that allowed relevant exposure to real-world atmospheric conditions while isolating particles of interest. Aging was compared for up to 4 h in both sunlight exposed and protected environments to compare and quantify relative degradation rates. The two disparate methodologies yielded similar results, with no statistical difference found in three out of four combinations of carbon-filtered air vs. ambient air, and protection from sunlight vs. exposure to sunlight, but this could vary for other particle sizes or organisms. Copyright © 2023 American Association for Aerosol Research
Additional file 1 of Three-dimensional simulator: training for beginners in endovascular embolization with liquid agents
Creators: name: Matyjas, Michal
name: Sauerbrey, Marius
name: Wyschkon, Sebastian
name: de Bucourt, Maximilian
name: Scheel, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Bonding Nature, Structural Optimization, and Energetics studies of SiC Graphitic-Like layer Structures and Single/Double Walled Nanotubes
Creators: name: Yu, Ming
name: Jayanthi, C. S.
name: Wu, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural optimization and energetics studies of SiC graphitic-like structures have been investigated theoretically in the context of formations of stable graphitic-like layer structures, single- and multi-walled nanotubes using the DFT-based Vienna ab-inito simulation package. The bonding nature of atoms in the optimized structures has been examined using a local analysis technique based on a self-consistent and environment-dependent semi-empirical Hamiltonian. Results of our studies reveal that stabilized SiC graphitic-like layer structures possess the sp2 bonding nature, different from the sp3 bonding nature in bulk SiC. Such flexibility in bonding configurations between Si and C atoms holds the possibility for a wide range of stable SiC-based structures, similar to those for carbon-based structures. In the case of SiC-based nanotubes, we have calculated quantities such as the strain energy, the degree of buckle in the cylindrical shell, and bond charges between Si and C atoms, to obtain an understanding of the optimized structures. The optimized interlayer spacing of SiC graphitic-like multilayer sheets has been found to depend on the ordering of atoms in different layers of the SiC graphitic-like structure (0.37 nm for the Si-C sequence of bilayer arrangement versus 0.48 nm for either the Si-Si or the C-C sequence of bilayer arrangement). These observations may be attributed to the Coulomb interactions due to the charge redistribution among Si and C atoms. On the other hand, the existence of two different ranges of interlayer separation in SiC double-walled nanotubes (0.38 nm for zigzag and 0.48 nm for armchair) is found to be related to whether the dominant interlayer neighbors are of the Si-C type or the Si-Si and C-C types.
description: 29 pages with 6 figures
Fundamentals of low-cost aerosol sensor design and operation
Creators: name: Ouimette, James
name: Arnott, W. Patrick
name: Laven, Philip
name: Whitwell, Richard
name: Radhakrishnan, Nagarajan
name: Dhaniyala, Suresh
name: Sandink, Michael
name: Tryner, Jessica
name: Volckens, John
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Most evaluations of low-cost aerosol sensors have focused on their measurement bias compared to regulatory monitors. Few evaluations have applied fundamental principles of aerosol science to increase our understanding of how such sensors work and could be improved. We examined the Plantower PMS5003 sensor’s internal geometry, laser properties, photodiode responses, microprocessor output, flow rates, and response to mono- and poly-disperse aerosols. We developed a physics-based model of particle light scattering within the sensor, which we used to predict counting and sizing efficiency for 0.30 to 10 µm particles. We found that the PMS5003 counts single particle scattering events, acting like an imperfect optical particle counter, rather than a nephelometer. As particle flow is not focused into the core of the laser beam, >99% of particles that flow through the PMS5003 miss the laser, and those that intercept the laser usually miss the focal point and are subsequently undersized, resulting in erroneous size distribution data. Our model predictions of PMS5003 response to varying particle diameters, aerosol compositions, and relative humidity were consistent with laboratory data. Computational fluid dynamics simulations of the PurpleAir monitor housing showed that for wind-speeds less than 3 m s−1, fine and coarse particles were representatively aspired to the PMS5003 inlet. Our measurements and models explain why the PurpleAir overstates regulatory PM2.5 in some locations but not others; why the PurpleAir PM10 is unresponsive to windblown dust; and why it reports a similar particle size distribution for coarse particles as it does for smoke and ambient background aerosol. Copyright © 2023 American Association for Aerosol Research
A closer look at arrested spinodal decomposition in protein solutions
Creators: name: Gibaud, Thomas
name: Schurtenberger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Concentrated aqueous solutions of the protein lysozyme undergo a liquid solid transition upon a temperature quench into the unstable spinodal region below a characteristic arrest temperature of Tf=15C. We use video microscopy and ultra-small angle light scattering in order to investigate the arrested structures as a function of initial concentration, quench temperature and rate of the temperature quench. We find that the solid-like samples show all the features of a bicontinuous network that is formed through an arrested spinodal decomposition process. We determine the correlation length Xi and demonstrate that Xi exhibits a temperature dependence that closely follows the critical scaling expected for density fluctuations during the early stages of spinodal decomposition. These findings are in agreement with an arrest scenario based on a state diagram where the arrest or gel line extends far into the unstable region below the spinodal line. Arrest then occurs when during the early stage of spinodal decomposition the volume fraction phi2 of the dense phase intersects the dynamical arrest threshold phi2Glass, upon which phase separation gets pinned into a space-spanning gel network with a characteristic length Xi.
Origin of negative differential thermal resistance in a chain of two weakly coupled nonlinear lattices
Creators: name: He, Dahai
name: Buyukdagli, Sahin
name: Hu, Bambi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Negative differential resistance in electronic conduction has been extensively studied, but it is not the case for its thermal counterpart, namely, negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR). We present a classical Landauer formula in which the nonlinearity is incorporated by the self-consistent phonon theory in order to study the heat flux across a chain consisting of two weakly coupled lattices. Two typical nonlinear models of hard and soft on-site potentials are discussed, respectively. It is shown that the nonlinearity has strong impacts on the occurring of NDTR. As a result, a transition from the absence to the presence of NDTR is observed. The origin of NDTR consists in the competition between the temperature difference, which acts as an external field, and the temperature-dependent thermal boundary conductance. Finally, the onset of the transition is clearly illustrated for this model. Our analytical calculation agrees reasonably well with numerical simulations.
description: 6 pages, 8 figues
INTEGRAL Results on Gamma-Ray Bursts and Polarization of Hard X-ray Sources
Creators: name: Gotz, D
name: Gouiffes, C.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Laurent, P.
name: Jourdain, E.
name: Roques, J. P.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Lutovinonv, S.
name: Savchenko, V.
name: Hanlon, L.
name: Martin-Carrillo, A.
name: Moran, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we first review the results obtained by the INTEGRAL mission in the domain of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), thanks to the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System, which is able to deliver near real-time alerts for GRBs detected within the IBIS field of view. More than 120 GRBs have been detected to date and we summarize their properties here. In the second part of this review we focus on the polarimetric results obtained by IBIS and SPI on GRBs and Galactic compact objects.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in New Astronomy Reviews volume "Fifteen-plus years of INTEGRAL Science"
Additional file 2 of Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair the anti-tumor efficacy of GD2.CAR T-cells in patients with neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Tumino, Nicola
name: Weber, Gerrit
name: Besi, Francesca
name: Del Bufalo, Francesca
name: Bertaina, Valentina
name: Paci, Paola
name: Quatrini, Linda
name: Antonucci, Laura
name: Sinibaldi, Matilde
name: Quintarelli, Concetta
name: Maggi, Enrico
name: De Angelis, Biagio
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Moretta, Lorenzo
name: Vacca, Paola
name: Caruana, Ignazio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Schematic representation of the retroviral transduction. (A) Schematic representation of the CAR constructs. Second-generation CAR T-cell constructs encoding CD28 or OX40 or 4-1BB costimulatory molecules. Third-generation CAR T-cell constructs encoding CD28.OX40 or CD28.4-1BB costimulatory molecules. All transduced CAR T-cells were equipped with the signal endo-domain derived from the CD3ζ chain. (B) Retroviral vector codifying for an eGFP. Created with Biorender.
The Filtration Efficiency of Surgical Masks for Expiratory Aerosol and Droplets Generated by Vocal Exercises
Creators: name: Szczepanska, Alicja
name: Harrison, Joshua
name: Saccente-Kennedy, Brian
name: Archer, Justice
name: Watson, Natalie A.
name: Orton, Christopher M.
name: Browne, William J.
name: Epstein, Ruth
name: Calder, James D.
name: Shah, Pallav L.
name: Costello, Declan
name: Bzdek, Bryan R.
name: Reid, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Transmission of an airborne disease can occur when an individual exhales respiratory particles that contain infectious pathogens. Surgical face masks are often used to reduce the amount of respiratory aerosol emitted into the environment by an individual while also lowering the concentration of particles the individual inhales. Respiratory aerosol generation is activity-dependent with high person-to-person variability. Moreover, mask fit differs among people. Here, we measure the efficacy of surgical masks (EN14683 Type IIR) in reducing both aerosol (0.3 – 20 μm diameter) and droplet (20 – 1000 μm diameter) emission during breathing, speaking and five speech and language therapy tasks performed by a human cohort. When participants wore a surgical face mask, measured particle number concentrations at the front of the mask were always lower than that for breathing without mitigation in place. For breathing and speaking, the through-mask filtration efficiencies were 80% and 87%, respectively, while for voice therapy tasks the through-mask filtration efficiencies ranged from 89% (“Hey!”) to 95% (/a::/). Size-dependent through-mask filtration efficiencies were high (80 – 95%) for particles 0.5 – 2 μm diameter, with masks filtering a greater fraction of larger particle sizes. For particle sizes >4 µm diameter, filtration efficiencies of surgical face masks for all tested respiratory tasks were ∼100%. Surgical face masks significantly reduced the number of particles emitted from all respiratory activities. These results have implications for developing effective mitigations for diseases transmission through inhalation.
Effects of ventilation rate and social distancing on risk of transmission of disease: A numerical study using Eulerian-Lagrangian method
Creators: name: Oh, Wonseok
name: Ooka, Ryozo
name: Kikumoto, Hideki
name: Lee, Sihwan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study utilized the Eulerian-Lagrangian method to investigate the risk of transmission of disease by tracking particles generated through coughing. The effects of ventilation rates (0.5, 5.0, and 10 ACH) and social distancing (0.9 and 1.8 m) were examined in a small office room using a displacement ventilation system. Numerical simulations considered different particle sizes (1, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μm) to understand particle behavior and transmission routes. The airflow resulting from human coughing was validated with experimental data. Results showed that at a social distance of 0.9 m, increasing the ventilation rate led to a higher fraction of particles directly inhaled by susceptible individuals, potentially causing droplet and airborne transmission. However, maintaining a social distance of 1.8 m and a ventilation rate of 10 ACH significantly reduced the fraction of inhaled particles. Larger particles tended to deposit on floors and surfaces, while smaller particles remained suspended in the air. Higher ventilation rates increased particle deposition on the body surface of susceptible individuals, whereas increasing social distance reduced particle deposition. These findings highlight the importance of appropriate ventilation rates and social distancing in reducing the risk of infection transmission. Maintaining a social distance of 1.8 m combined with increased ventilation effectively reduced the fraction of inhaled particles. Larger particles were more likely to deposit on surfaces, emphasizing the need for regular disinfection. Understanding the dynamics of infectious particles and implementing effective ventilation and distancing measures can help mitigate the spread of infectious diseases in indoor environments.
Additional file 3 of Identification of the cuproptosis-related molecular subtypes and an immunotherapy prognostic model in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Xu, Jingwei
name: Chu, Xiufeng
name: Zhang, Hongqiao
name: Yao, Xueyuan
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Guo, Yanwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file3. Table S1: Six immune checkpoint inhibitor genes and 15 m6A regulatory genes.
X-ray Substructure Studies of Four Galaxy Clusters using XMM-Newton Data
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu-Ying
name: Reiprich, Thomas H
name: Finoguenov, Alexis
name: Hudson, Daniel S.
name: Sarazin, Craig L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mahdavi et al. find that the degree of agreement between weak lensing and X-ray mass measurements is a function of cluster radius. Numerical simulations also point out that X-ray mass proxies do not work equally well at all radii. The origin of the effect is thought to be associated with cluster mergers. Recent work presenting the cluster maps showed an ability of X-ray maps to reveal and study cluster mergers in detail. Here we present a first attempt to use the study of substructure in assessing the systematics of the hydrostatic mass measurements using two-dimensional (2-D) X-ray diagnostics. The temperature map is uniquely able to identify the substructure in an almost relaxed cluster which would be unnoticed in the ICM electron number density and pressure maps. We describe the radial fluctuations in the 2-D maps by a cumulative/differential scatter profile relative to the mean profile within/at a given radius. The amplitude indicates ~10 fluctuations in the temperature, electron number density and entropy maps, and ~15 fluctuations in the pressure map. The amplitude of and the discontinuity in the scatter complement 2-D substructure diagnostics, e.g. indicating the most disturbed radial range. There is a tantalizing link between the substructure identified using the scatter of the entropy and pressure fluctuations and the hydrostatic mass bias relative to the expected mass based on the M-Yx and M-Mgas relations particularly at r500. XMM-Newton observations with ~120,000 source photons from the cluster are sufficient to apply our substructure diagnostics via the spectrally measured 2-D temperature, electron number density, entropy and pressure maps.
description: 44 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, including some language editing from ApJ, published in ApJ
Analysis of ion cyclotron resonance
Creators: name: Riggin, Michael Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An analysis of the most commonly used type of Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) spectrometer is given. Though the equations of motion of an isolated ion in the ICR geometry are extremely non-linear, it was found possible to decouple the longtitudinal oscillations due to the trapping potential from the cyclotron motion by exploiting the fact that the cyclotron frequency is very much greater than the trapping frequency. A previously unsuspected dependence of the cyclotron frequency and drift velocity of an ion on its spatial coordinates was discovered and experimentally investigated. The distribution of energies for ions at resonance with an applied r-f electric field is also discussed and improved techniques for the study of energy dependent cross-sections are proposed. Conventional ICR techniques were used to estimate collision frequencies of sodium and potassium ions in helium and argon gases. These experiments yield information about the d.c. drift mobility, in the zero field limit, of the alkali ions in inert gases and are discussed in terms of various models of the ion-atom interaction potential. A crossed beam arrangement was used to obtain preliminary estimates of low energy rate constants for both asymmetric and symmetric resonant charge transfer between alkali ion-atom pairs.
Charting galactic accelerations II: how to 'learn' accelerations in the solar neighbourhood
Creators: name: Naik, Aneesh P.
name: An, Jin
name: Burrage, Clare
name: Evans, N. Wyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational acceleration fields can be deduced from the collisionless Boltzmann equation, once the distribution function is known. This can be constructed via the method of normalizing flows from datasets of the positions and velocities of stars. Here, we consider application of this technique to the solar neighbourhood. We construct mock data from a linear superposition of multiple `quasi-isothermal' distribution functions, representing stellar populations in the equilibrium Milky Way disc. We show that given a mock dataset comprising a million stars within 1 kpc of the Sun, the underlying acceleration field can be measured with excellent, sub-percent level accuracy, even in the face of realistic errors and missing line-of-sight velocities. The effects of disequilibrium can lead to bias in the inferred acceleration field. This can be diagnosed by the presence of a phase space spiral, which can be extracted simply and cleanly from the learned distribution function. We carry out a comparison with two other popular methods of finding the local acceleration field (Jeans analysis and 1D distribution function fitting). We show our method most accurately measures accelerations from a given mock dataset, particularly in the presence of disequilibria.
description: 13 pages (inc. 2 appendices), 6 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. All code, plotting scripts etc available at https://github.com/aneeshnaik/LocalFlows
Eavesdropping of two-way coherent-state quantum cryptography via Gaussian quantum cloning machines
Creators: name: Pirandola, Stefano
name: Mancini, Stefano
name: Lloyd, Seth
name: Braunstein, Samuel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one of the quantum key distribution protocols recently introduced in Ref. [Pirandola et al., Nature Physics 4, 726 (2008)]. This protocol consists in a two-way quantum communication between Alice and Bob, where Alice encodes secret information via a random phase-space displacement of a coherent state. In particular, we study its security against a specific class of individual attacks which are based on combinations of Gaussian quantum cloning machines.
description: Proceeding of ICQNM 2009, The Third International Conference on Quantum, Nano and Micro Technologies, Cancun, Mexico, 1-7 February 2009
Additional file 3 of Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair the anti-tumor efficacy of GD2.CAR T-cells in patients with neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Tumino, Nicola
name: Weber, Gerrit
name: Besi, Francesca
name: Del Bufalo, Francesca
name: Bertaina, Valentina
name: Paci, Paola
name: Quatrini, Linda
name: Antonucci, Laura
name: Sinibaldi, Matilde
name: Quintarelli, Concetta
name: Maggi, Enrico
name: De Angelis, Biagio
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Moretta, Lorenzo
name: Vacca, Paola
name: Caruana, Ignazio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Effect of PMN-MDSC on third-generation GD2.CAR T-cells. Third-generation GD2.CAR T-cells were cultured either in the absence (w/o PMN-MDSC) or in the presence (with PMN-MDSC, 1:1) of PMN-MDSC collected from stem cell donors given G-CSF for hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and undergoing to leukapheresis. After 48 hours, GD2.CAR T-cells and non-transduced (NT) cells (used as control) were collected, purified and co-cultured at the effector:target ratio 5:1 with the SH-SY5Y-eGFP NB cell line. Percentages of SH-SY5Y-eGFP+ NB residual live cells at day 3 of co-culture third-generation GD2.CAR T-cells (n = 7).
Rapid spectral variations of Be stars
Creators: name: Thompson, Harold Ian Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: High time resolution observations of two Be stars ( K, Dra and ɣCas) have been made with an Image Isocon television camera in an attempt to detect rapid radial velocity and/or intensity variations of the Hydrogen emission lines. Analysis of variance tests have been used to determine the significance of possible variations. Fluctuations of the intensity of the H alpha line of ɣ Cas were seen on a time scale of a few minutes. Upper limits to the radial velocity variations were imposed by an apparent non-linear expansion of the camera reading beam scanning raster. The variations of H alpha for K Dra were marginally significant, showing a slow change in the position of the line with no significant change in intensity over the 30 minutes of observation. No significant variations were present in observations of H beta and H gamma of ɣCas.
Additional file 4 of Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair the anti-tumor efficacy of GD2.CAR T-cells in patients with neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Tumino, Nicola
name: Weber, Gerrit
name: Besi, Francesca
name: Del Bufalo, Francesca
name: Bertaina, Valentina
name: Paci, Paola
name: Quatrini, Linda
name: Antonucci, Laura
name: Sinibaldi, Matilde
name: Quintarelli, Concetta
name: Maggi, Enrico
name: De Angelis, Biagio
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Moretta, Lorenzo
name: Vacca, Paola
name: Caruana, Ignazio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Schematic representation of how PMN-MDSC compromise the GD2.CAR T-cell based therapy. (A) CAR T-cell preparation and infusion. (B) Differentiation steps from common myeloid precursors (pink cells) towards neutrophils (blue cells). Tumor cells (brown cells) and the TME may induce neutrophil accumulation and differentiation towards PMN-MDSC (dark grey cells). (C-D) Upon GD2.CAR T-cell infusion, patients could either (C) respond to CAR treatment (Responders) or (D) could display accumulation of PMN-MDSC which inhibit GD2.CAR T-cell expansion/function, thus contributing to the lack of efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy (Non-Responders). Created with Biorender.
Adaptive Affinity for Associations in Multi-Target Multi-Camera Tracking
Creators: name: Hou, Yunzhong
name: Wang, Zhongdao
name: Wang, Shengjin
name: Zheng, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data associations in multi-target multi-camera tracking (MTMCT) usually estimate affinity directly from re-identification (re-ID) feature distances. However, we argue that it might not be the best choice given the difference in matching scopes between re-ID and MTMCT problems. Re-ID systems focus on global matching, which retrieves targets from all cameras and all times. In contrast, data association in tracking is a local matching problem, since its candidates only come from neighboring locations and time frames. In this paper, we design experiments to verify such misfit between global re-ID feature distances and local matching in tracking, and propose a simple yet effective approach to adapt affinity estimations to corresponding matching scopes in MTMCT. Instead of trying to deal with all appearance changes, we tailor the affinity metric to specialize in ones that might emerge during data associations. To this end, we introduce a new data sampling scheme with temporal windows originally used for data associations in tracking. Minimizing the mismatch, the adaptive affinity module brings significant improvements over global re-ID distance, and produces competitive performance on CityFlow and DukeMTMC datasets.
description: This paper appears in: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Resonant Dirac leptogenesis on throats
Creators: name: Bechinger, Andreas
name: Seidl, Gerhart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider resonant Dirac leptogenesis in a geometry with three five-dimensional throats in the flat limit. The baryon asymmetry in the universe is generated by resonant decays of heavy Kaluza-Klein scalars that are copies of the standard model Higgs. Discrete exchange symmetries between the throats are responsible for establishing two key features of the model. First, they ensure a near degeneracy of the scalar masses and thus a resonant decay of the scalars. This allows for Dirac leptogenesis at low energies close to the TeV scale. Second, the discrete symmetries connect the observed baryon asymmetry with the Yukawa couplings of the low-energy theory. As a consequence, we obtain correlations between the low-energy leptonic mixing parameters and the Dirac CP phase that can be tested at future neutrino oscillation experiments such as neutrino factories.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, typos corrected
A literature review on COVID-19 disease diagnosis from respiratory sound data
Creators: name: Lella, Kranthi Kumar
name: PJA, Alphonse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced a COVID-19 was a global pandemic in March 2020. It was initially started in china in the year 2019 December and affected an expanding number of nations in various countries in the last few months. In this particular situation, many techniques, methods, and AI-based classification algorithms are put in the spotlight in reacting to fight against it and reduce the rate of such a global health crisis. COVID-19's main signs are heavy temperature, different cough, cold, breathing shortness, and a combination of loss of sense of smell and chest tightness. The digital world is growing day by day, in this context digital stethoscope can read all of these symptoms and diagnose respiratory disease. In this study, we majorly focus on literature reviews of how SARS-CoV-2 is spreading and in-depth analysis of the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease from human respiratory sounds like cough, voice, and breath by analyzing the respiratory sound parameters. We hope this review will provide an initiative for the clinical scientists and researcher's community to initiate open access, scalable, and accessible work in the collective battle against COVID-19.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2112.07285
Concave Plasmonic Particles: Broad-Band Geometrical Tunability in the Near Infra-Red
Creators: name: Berkovitch, Nikolai
name: Ginzburg, Pavel
name: Orenstein, Meir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical resonances spanning the Near and Short Infra-Red spectral regime were exhibited experimentally by arrays of plasmonic nano-particles with concave cross-section. The concavity of the particle was shown to be the key ingredient for enabling the broad band tunability of the resonance frequency, even for particles with dimensional aspect ratios of order unity. The atypical flexibility of setting the resonance wavelength is shown to stem from a unique interplay of local geometry with surface charge distributions.
On the quenching of star formation in observed and simulated central galaxies: Evidence for the role of integrated AGN feedback
Creators: name: Piotrowska, Joanna M.
name: Bluck, Asa F. L.
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Peng, Yingjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate how massive central galaxies cease their star formation by comparing theoretical predictions from cosmological simulations: EAGLE, Illustris and IllustrisTNG with observations of the local Universe from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our machine learning (ML) classification reveals supermassive black hole mass ($M_{\rm BH}$) as the most predictive parameter in determining whether a galaxy is star forming or quenched at redshift $z=0$ in all three simulations. This predicted consequence of active galactic nucleus (AGN) quenching is reflected in the observations, where it is true for a range of indirect estimates of $M_{\rm BH}$ via proxies as well as its dynamical measurements. Our partial correlation analysis shows that other galactic parameters lose their strong association with quiescence, once their correlations with $M_{\rm BH}$ are accounted for. In simulations we demonstrate that it is the integrated power output of the AGN, rather than its instantaneous activity, which causes galaxies to quench. Finally, we analyse the change in molecular gas content of galaxies from star forming to passive populations. We find that both gas fractions ($f_{\rm gas}$) and star formation efficiencies (SFEs) decrease upon transition to quiescence in the observations but SFE is more predictive than $f_{\rm gas}$ in the ML passive/star-forming classification. These trends in the SDSS are most closely recovered in IllustrisTNG and are in direct contrast with the predictions made by Illustris. We conclude that a viable AGN feedback prescription can be achieved by a combination of preventative feedback and turbulence injection which together quench star formation in central galaxies.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Φωτορεπορτάζ στην ψηφιακή εποχή και πολυμεσική δημοσιογραφία
Creators: name: Πάντσιος, Χρήστος Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Δημοσιογραφία
Φωτορεπορτάζ
Ψηφιακά μέσα
Journalism
Photojournalism
Digital media

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση της πορείας που έχουν χαράξει η δημοσιογραφία και το φωτορεπορτάζ τα τελευταία χρόνια σε συνδυασμό με την εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας και την άνοδο των Μέσων Κοινωνικής Δικτύωσης. Η έρευνα επιβεβαίωσε τα όσα αναφέρθηκαν στο θεωρητικό κομμάτι, ότι, δηλαδή μπορούμε να μιλάμε πλέον για μία νέα φάση στην οποία έχει περιέλθει η δημοσιογραφία, τη λεγόμενη φάση της «πολυμεσικής δημοσιογραφίας», όπου ο ρόλος του δημοσιογράφου είναι πολυποίκιλος. Και αυτό γιατί δεν αρκείται πλέον στη συγγραφή του άρθρου του, αλλά επωμίζεται ευθύνες και στο να τραβήξει φωτογραφίες, βίντεο κ.τ.λ.. Αυτό έχει σαν αποτέλεσμα, ωστόσο, το κοινό να χάσει την εμπιστοσύνη του στην δημοσιογραφία όσο αυτή ακολουθεί την τάση της εποχής και προωθείται μέσω των ΜΚΔ, με το κοινό να επιμένει να χρησιμοποιεί περισσότερο αυτά τα νέα μέσα για την ψυχαγωγία παρά για την ενημέρωσή του. Η νέα αυτή εποχή είχε σοβαρό αντίκτυπο και στο κομμάτι του φωτορεπορτάζ, αφού οι επαγγελματίες του επαγγέλματος είδαν τον κάθε έναν να είναι σε θέση να τραβάει και να δημοσιεύει μια φωτογραφία στο διαδίκτυο, γεγονός που έχει αντίκτυπο στην ποιότητα και την αισθητική των εικόνων.
description: The purpose of this thesis is to present the course that journalism and photojournalism have taken in recent years in combination with the development of technology and the rise of social media. The research confirmed what was mentioned in the theoretical part, that is, we can now talk about a new era in which journalism has entered, the so-called era of "multimedia journalism", where the role of the journalist is diverse. And this is because he/she is no longer content creator, but he/she is also responsible for taking photos, videos, etc. This has the effect, however, of the public losing confidence in journalism as it follows the trend of the time and it is promoted through the social media, with the public insisting on using these new media more for its entertainment than for information. This new era also had a serious impact on the photojournalism, since the professional photographers saw that everyone is able to take and publish a photo on the internet, which has in turn an impact on the quality and aesthetics of the images.
Noise-induced spectral shift measured in a Double Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Küng, Bruno
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: Choi, Theodore
name: Shorubalko, Ivan
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Schön, Silke
name: Hassler, Fabian
name: Blatter, Gianni
name: Ensslin, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the shot noise of a quantum point-contact using a capacitively coupled InAs double quantum dot as an on-chip sensor. Our measurement signals are the (bidirectional) interdot electronic tunneling rates which are determined by means of time-resolved charge sensing. The detector frequency is set by the relative detuning of the energy levels in the two dots. For nonzero detuning, the noise in the quantum point contact generates inelastic tunneling in the double dot and thus causes an increase in the interdot tunneling rate. Conservation of spectral weight in the dots implies that this increase must be compensated by a decrease in the rate close to zero detuning, which is quantitatively confirmed in our experiment.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5 of Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair the anti-tumor efficacy of GD2.CAR T-cells in patients with neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Tumino, Nicola
name: Weber, Gerrit
name: Besi, Francesca
name: Del Bufalo, Francesca
name: Bertaina, Valentina
name: Paci, Paola
name: Quatrini, Linda
name: Antonucci, Laura
name: Sinibaldi, Matilde
name: Quintarelli, Concetta
name: Maggi, Enrico
name: De Angelis, Biagio
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Moretta, Lorenzo
name: Vacca, Paola
name: Caruana, Ignazio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S5. Expression of informative genes in GD2.CAR T-cells upon interaction with PMN-MDSC. (A) Gene expression level (Rq) represented as mean plot with the 95% of confidence interval in NT and GD2.CAR T-cells conditioned or not with PMN-MDSC for the indicated gene arrays: inflammation (n = 607 genes), kinome (n = 828 genes) and signal transduction (n = 597 genes). (B) Gene analysis correlation between S100A8, S100A9 and TNFAIP6 transcripts and all genes analyzed with p ≤ 0.01. (C) Pathway enrichment analysis for S100A8, S100A9 and TNFAIP6 genes. Clusters of different pathways were visualized in different colors, with the size of rectangles adjusted to reflect their p-value. (D) Pathway enrichment analysis on the up- and down-regulated genes in CAR/CAR conditioned T-cells. (E) Overall survival of NB patients (low, medium and HR) and level of S100A8 or S100A9 or TNFAIP6 gene expression. Red (low) and blue (high) lines indicate the level of gene expression using median cut-off modus. Dataset used for the analysis is indicated.
Small angle neutron scattering at 4.3 MeV from heavy elements
Creators: name: McFadden, Robert Cassin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The associated particle technique was employed to produce a collimated beam of 4.3 MeV neutrons from the reaction D(d,n)3He. A rotating target assembly permitted the use of thin deuterated polyethylene deuterium targets. The use of a position sensitive detector in the associated particle technique was demonstrated. Data was accumulated by an on-line computer system. The differential scattering cross section for 4.3 MeV neutrons was measured for scattering samples of uranium, bismuth, and lead over the angular range of 5° to 15°. The data were corrected for the effects of finite angular resolution, neutron multiple scattering, air scattering, and neutron inelortic scattering. The experimental scattering cross sections were in agreement with those calculated on the basis of a nuclear optical model interaction plus an electromagnetic Schwinger interaction. No evidence was found to substantiate anamalous cross sections at small angles.
Could the Magnetic Star HD 135348 Possess a Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere?
Creators: name: Jayaraman, Rahul
name: Hubrig, Swetlana
name: Holdsworth, Daniel L.
name: Schöller, Markus
name: Järvinen, Silva
name: Kurtz, Donald W.
name: Ricker, George R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection and characterization of a new magnetospheric star, HD 135348, based on photometric and spectropolarimetric observations. The TESS light curve of this star exhibited variations consistent with stars known to possess rigidly rotating magnetospheres (RRMs), so we obtained spectropolarimetric observations using the Robert Stobie Spectrograph (RSS) on the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) at four different rotational phases. From these observations, we calculated the longitudinal magnetic field of the star $\langle B_z \rangle$, as well as the Alfvén and Kepler radii, and deduced that this star contains a centrifugal magnetosphere. However, an archival spectrum does not exhibit the characteristic "double-horned" emission profile for H$α$ and the Brackett series that has been observed in many other RRM stars. This could be due to the insufficient rotational phase coverage of the available set of observations, as the spectra of these stars significantly vary with the star's rotation. Our analysis underscores the use of TESS in photometrically identifying magnetic star candidates for spectropolarimetric follow-up using ground-based instruments. We are evaluating the implementation of a machine learning classifier to search for more examples of RRM stars in TESS data.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Inward dispersion of the spin excitation spectrum of stripe-ordered La2NiO4+d
Creators: name: Freeman, P. G.
name: Hayden, S. M.
name: Frost, C. D.
name: Enderle, M.
name: Yao, D. X.
name: Carlson, E. W.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Boothroyd, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized- and unpolarized-neutron scattering measurements of the spin excitation spectrum in the stripe-ordered phase of La2NiO4+d (d = 0.11) are presented. At low energies, the magnetic spectral weight is found to shift anomalously towards the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic wave vector, similar to the low-energy dispersions observed in cuprate superconductors. While spin-wave spectra in stripe phases can exhibit an apparent inward dispersion, we find that the peak shifts measured here cannot be accounted for by this effect. Possible extensions of the model are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 6 of Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair the anti-tumor efficacy of GD2.CAR T-cells in patients with neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Tumino, Nicola
name: Weber, Gerrit
name: Besi, Francesca
name: Del Bufalo, Francesca
name: Bertaina, Valentina
name: Paci, Paola
name: Quatrini, Linda
name: Antonucci, Laura
name: Sinibaldi, Matilde
name: Quintarelli, Concetta
name: Maggi, Enrico
name: De Angelis, Biagio
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Moretta, Lorenzo
name: Vacca, Paola
name: Caruana, Ignazio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Supplementary materials and methods.
Burton's Curse: The Impact of Bulk Flows on the Galactic Longitude-Velocity Diagram and the Illusion of a Continuous Perseus Arm
Creators: name: Peek, J. E. G.
name: Tchernyshyov, Kirill
name: Miville-Deschenes, Marc-Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we demonstrate that the Perseus Arm is not a continuous structure of molecular gas in the second quadrant. We first show that the observed, distanced-resolved velocity structure of the Galaxy in the outer disk is capable of creating illusory spiral arms, as was first proposed by Burton (1971). Second, we measure the distances to a collection of CO clouds at velocities consistent with the Perseus arm with $135^\circ < l < 160^\circ$. We find these distances using 3D dust maps from Green et al. (2019). We determine that these molecular cloud do not preferentially lie at the distance of a purported Perseus arm, but rather extend over 3 kpc in distance, with some evidence for a closer, high pitch angle structure between 1 and 1.5 kpc away. Finally, we demonstrate that velocity perturbations of the amplitude found near the Perseus arm can wreak havoc on our interpretation of the longitude-velocity diagram for more than half of the Milky Way disk.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal