cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Downstream Health Effects of SSI Take-up Among Older Adults
Creators: name: Herd, Pamela
name: Safran, Elana
name: Hemmeter, Jeffrey
name: Moynihan, Donald
name: Jilke, Sebastian
name: Tracee Saunders
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health Services Administration
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Health Services Research
subject: Public Health
subject: Social Welfare
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inequality and Stratification
subject: Social Policy
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Program Evaluation
subject: Social Welfare
subject: Administrative Burden
subject: Public Policy
subject: Supplemental Security Income
subject: Mortality
subject: Instrumental Variable

description: We propose to examine the mortality consequences of receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI). Relatedly, we will also examine whether decreasing administrative burden has mortality consequences through higher take-up rates. We leverage random assignment of a prior Social Security Administration demonstration field experiment, which exogenously increased take-up among eligible beneficiaries (Hemmeter et al. 2020), to causally identify the effect of SSI on mortality using mailed-letter assignment as an instrumental variable. The initial study identified over 4 million adults 65 or older who were potentially-eligible for SSI and randomly sent letters to 10 percent of them in September 2017, informing them of their potential eligibility. It found that these letters, a form of low-cost nudge that reduced learning costs, increased SSI applications by 600 percent (or 5.0 percentage points) and led to an increase in SSI awards of 340 percent (or 1.8 percentage points) over the study period. In this study, we take advantage of the random assignment to letters and use it as an exogenous leverage to estimate the effects of SSI award on recipient’s mortality in a two-stage estimation procedure.
Supplementary document for Quantitation of Cerebral Oxygen Tension using Phasor Analysis and Phosphorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (PLIM) - 5269067.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Chang
name: Chisholm, Amanda
name: Fu, Buyin
name: Su, Clover
name: Sencan, Ikbal
name: Sakadzic, Sava
name: Yaseen, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
title: Three papers in applied microeconomic theory
Creators: name: Lei, Xiaochang
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2025

description: This thesis comprises three papers in Applied Microeconomic Theory. Chapter 1 is my job market paper titled Repeated Signaling and Reputation.

Chapters 2 and 3 include two papers published during my Ph.D. studies:

• Chapter 2: Lei, X. (2023). Pro-rata vs User-centric in the Music Streaming Industry. Economics Letters, 226, 111111.

• Chapter 3: Lei, X. (2023). Optimal Queue to Minimize Waste. Mathematical
Social Sciences, 123, 87-94.
A generalisation of Zhang's local Gross-Zagier formula
Creators: name: Maurischat, Kathrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G50, 11F70, 11G18, 11G40

description: On the background of Zhang's local Gross-Zagier formulae for GL(2), we study some p-adic problems. The local Gross-Zagier formulae give identities of very special local geometric data (local linking numbers) with certain local Fourier coefficients of a Rankin L-function. The local linking numbers are local coefficients of a geometric (height) pairing. The Fourier coefficients are products of the local Whittaker functions of two automorphic representations of GL(2). We establish a matching of the space of local linking numbers with the space of all those Whittaker products. Further, we construct a universally defined operator on the local linking numbers which reflects the behavior of the analytic Hecke operator. Its suitability is shown by recovering from it an equivalent of the local Gross-Zagier formulae. Our methods are throughout constructive and computational.
description: 49 pages
Simotes signatus Gü. R. b. J.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Ophidia
Colubridae
Simotes
Simotes signatus

description: * Simotes signatus Gü. R. b. J.
Deli v. H. Lüthy. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 679, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Women on the Federal Bench – A Progress Report
Creators: name: Cedarbaum, Miriam Goldman
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2000

description: I am delighted to join the celebration of the tenth anniversary of the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law of which I have been a satisfied subscriber since its first issue. Eight years ago, I gave a speech on the history of women on the federal bench at a luncheon forum of the New York County Lawyers Association. At that time, of the 801 federal district judges in the United States, only sixty-two were women. Of the 241 federal court of appeals judges, only twenty were women. At the dawn of a new millennium eight years later, I am happy to report that the percentage of Article III federal judges who are women has grown from less than ten percent to almost fifteen percent, a move in the right direction. Since 1993, eighty-eight distinguished women have been appointed to the federal bench. Moreover, Columbia’s own Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg was appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1993. That appointment increased the percentage of women on the bench of the highest court of the United States from eleven percent (one of nine) to twenty-two percent (two of nine).
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 10 No. 1 (2000)
Generative compressed sensing with Fourier measurements
Creators: name: Scott, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: In~\cite{bora2017compressed}, a mathematical framework was developed for compressed sensing guarantees in the setting where the measurement matrix is Gaussian and the signal structure is the range of a generative neural network (GNN). The problem of compressed sensing with GNNs has since been extensively analyzed when the measurement matrix and/or network weights follow a subgaussian distribution. In this thesis, we move beyond the subgaussian assumption to measurement matrices that are derived by sampling uniformly at random rows of a unitary matrix (including sub-sampled Fourier measurements as a special case). Specifically, we prove the first known restricted isometry guarantee for generative compressed sensing (GCS) with \emph{sub-sampled isometries}, and provide recovery bounds with nearly order-optimal sample complexity, addressing an open problem of~\cite[p.~10]{scarlett2022theoretical}. Recovery efficacy is characterized by the \emph{coherence}, a new parameter, which measures the interplay between the range of the network and the measurement matrix. Our approach relies on subspace counting arguments and ideas central to high-dimensional probability. Furthermore, we propose a regularization strategy for training GNNs to have favourable coherence with the measurement operator. We provide compelling numerical simulations that support this regularized training strategy: our strategy yields low coherence networks that require fewer measurements for signal recovery. This, together with our theoretical results, supports coherence as a natural quantity for characterizing GCS with sub-sampled isometries.
From Motivating to Manipulative: The Use of Deceptive Design in a Game's Free-to-Play Transition
Creators: name: Hadan, Hilda
name: Sgandurra, Sabrina Alicia
name: Zhang-Kennedy, Leah
name: Nacke, Lennart E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decade, the free-to-play (F2P) game business model has gained popularity in the games industry. We examine the role of deceptive design during a game's transition to F2P and its impacts on players. Our analysis focuses on game mechanics and a Reddit analysis of the Overwatch (OW) series after it transitioned to an F2P model. Our study identifies nine game mechanics that use deceptive design patterns. We also identify factors contributing to a negative gameplay experience. Business model transitions in games present possibilities for problematic practices. Our findings identify the need for game developers and publishers to balance player investments and fairness of rewards. A game's successful transition depends on maintaining fundamental components of player motivation and ensuring transparent communication. Compared to existing taxonomies in other media, games need a comprehensive classification of deceptive design. We emphasize the importance of understanding player perceptions and the impact of deceptive practices in future research.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables
Sexual Orientation and the Law: Valid and Valuable Jurisprudence
Creators: name: Becker, Susan J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2000

description: The thesis of this essay is that sexual orientation and the law is a legitimate course to offer in law schools and an appropriate topic for scholarly endeavor as well. I would expect the reader to be somewhat confounded by this thesis. Isn’t this settled already? Certainly a significant number of law schools regularly offer courses related to this area. Law reviews and journals, including specialty ones such as the one containing this essay, devote pages and even entire volumes to literature on sexual orientation and gender. Law schools and other institutions routinely sponsor symposia and conferences dedicated to unraveling the myriad of legal, political, religious, economic, and social dimensions of sexual orientation. All this is true, of course. But there is a swirling undercurrent, a backlash perhaps, that cannot be ignored. Since I started teaching law in 1990, and became seriously committed to my identity as a life-long student of the law as well as a law teacher and a legal scholar, I have received less- than-enthusiastic feedback on my plan to produce scholarship on sexual orientation issues. Somewhat surprisingly, this reaction came not from colleagues aligned on the right side of the political spectrum, but rather from some of my more liberal colleagues who are wholly supportive of the extension of basic legal rights and remedies to gays and lesbians.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 10 No. 1 (2000)
Autonomous driving of trucks in off-road environment
Creators: name: Caldas, Kenny A. Q.
name: Barbosa, Filipe M.
name: Silva, Junior A. R.
name: Santos, Tiago C.
name: Gomes, Iago P.
name: Rosero, Luis A.
name: Wolf, Denis F.
name: Grassi, Valdir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Off-road driving operations can be a challenging environment for human conductors as they are subject to accidents, repetitive and tedious tasks, strong vibrations, which may affect their health in the long term. Therefore, they can benefit from a successful implementation of autonomous vehicle technology, improving safety, reducing labor costs and fuel consumption, and increasing operational efficiency. The main contribution of this paper is the experimental validation of a path tracking control strategy, composed of longitudinal and lateral controllers, on an off-road scenario with a fully-loaded heavy-duty truck. The longitudinal control strategy relies on a Non-Linear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC), which considers the path geometry and simplified vehicle dynamics to compute a smooth and comfortable input velocity, without violating the imposed constraints. The lateral controller is based on a Robust Linear Quadratic Regulator (RLQR), which considers a vehicle model subject to parametric uncertainties to minimize its lateral displacement and heading error, as well as ensure stability. Experiments were carried out using a fully-loaded vehicle on unpaved roads in an open-pit mine. The truck followed the reference path within the imposed constraints, showing robustness and driving smoothness.
description: Paper accepted at Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems
Thoughts from a Former Editor-in-Chief
Creators: name: LaVelle, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2000

description: I spent more hours working on the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law (JGL) than on any class I ever took at Columbia, but I think it was just as educational an experience as I have had in a classroom. It is a journal whose members take it very personally. On the interview trail, I met one of JGL’s founding members and I told her that the 1996- 1997 JGL board decided to replace the cover illustration with a more traditional table of contents cover. She was really shocked, and a bit shaken up because she had designed the illustration. I remember thinking then that I wished JGL had more of an institutional memory. I felt the same way when I was EIC–so many times I felt we were reinventing the wheel when we tried to sell subscriptions, publicize the journal, change printers, or handle issues with the administration. In the interest of preserving some of JGL’s history, I will explain that the Columbia Women’s History Month Writing Competition was dreamed up by myself and Afra Afsharipour in 1998. Afra was a Submissions Editor for JGL in 1997-1998 as well as the Columbia Law Women’s Association (CLWA) Chair. I was a Production Editor for JGL and the CLWA board member in charge of Women’s History Month. We put out a call for papers, formed a joint committee of JGL and CLWA members, and were overwhelmed at the response. The winners were announced at the Myra Bradwell Day Dinner. I would like to think that we began a tradition that will continue for years.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 10 No. 1 (2000)
Comparative Legal Research: Mapping the Legal and Policy Landscape for Upholding Criminal Procedural Rights in the Context of Counter-Terrorism
Creators: name: Fallini, Mara
name: Novossiolova, Tatyana
name: Bianchi, Sergio
name: Apostolo, Joana
name: das Neves, Pedro
name: van der Vert, Irina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Counter-terrorism, crime, justice, fundamental rights, EU, radicalisation

description: The present report emphasises the essential need for upholding the established principles and standards of criminal justice in the context of counter-terrorism and counter-radicalisation. In particular, the report argues that observing criminal justice requirements in radicalisation- and terror-rated cases is a key prerequisite for developing effective and sustainable counter-terrorism and counterradicalisation trust-based strategies and approaches that enhance civil and national security. Part 2 of the report provides a thematic overview of the applicable international and EU, in order to examine how the concepts of terrorism and radicalisation are treated as legal subjects. Part 3 looks into the existing international, EU, and national legal instruments for protecting the criminal procedural rights of suspects and accused. Part 4 reviews ongoing international and national efforts that aim to safeguard criminal procedural rights in the context of counter-terrorism with a particular emphasis on the securitisation debate and its implications for the EU domestic and foreign policy.
description: This document was developed within the framework of the EU-funded initiative FAIRNESS: Implementation of the Stockholm's Roadmap in cases of Terrorism and Radicalization
Motions of Test Particles in Gravitational Field, Perturbations and Greybody Factor of Bardeen-like AdS Black Hole with Phantom Global Monopoles
Creators: name: Ahmed, Faizuddin
name: Al-Badawi, Ahmad
name: Sakallı, İzzet
name: Kanzi, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of test particles, perturbations, and greybody factors within the framework of a Bardeen-like AdS black hole (BH) with a phantom global monopole. This study explores the interactions between nonlinear electrodynamics, the energy scale of symmetry breaking, and space-time topology. We analyze the geodesic motion of null and time-like particles, deriving effective potentials that describe their trajectories. Utilizing the Regge-Wheeler potential, we calculate the quasinormal modes (QNMs) for scalar, vector, and tensor perturbations, applying the sixth-order WKB approximation. Our findings highlight how the Bardeen-like parameter ($\mathrm{b}$) and the energy scale of symmetry breaking, characterized by the parameter ($η$), influence the QNM spectra, with potential implications for gravitational wave observations. We also examine greybody factors, focusing on the transmission and reflection coefficients for scalar and axial fields, and employ semi-analytic techniques to derive precise bounds. Furthermore, we assess the thermodynamic stability of the BH, emphasizing the role of these parameters in phase transitions and stability criteria.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in "Physics of the Dark Universe": Available online 28 March 2025, 101907
On determinism and well-posedness in multiple time dimensions
Creators: name: Craig, Walter
name: Weinstein, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q99

description: We study the initial value problem for the wave equation and the ultrahyperbolic equation for data posed on initial surface of mixed signature (both spacelike and timelike). Under a nonlocal constraint, we show that the Cauchy problem on codimension-one hypersurfaces has global unique solutions in the Sobolev spaces $H^{m}$, thus it is well-posed. In contrast, we show that the initial value problem on higher codimension hypersurfaces is ill-posed, at least when specifying a finite number of derivatives of the data, due to the failure of uniqueness. This is in contrast to a uniqueness result which Courant and Hilbert deduce from Asgeirsson's mean value theorem, for which we give an independent derivation. The proofs use Fourier synthesis and the Holmgren-John uniqueness theorem.
Dental geriatric interview reflection and the use of the life grid in oral health research
Creators: name: Salehi, Mohammadmahdi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Objectives: Undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia are required to interview an older adult, while optionally using the life grid, and critically reflecting on this experience. The present study undertook a scoping review to map out the applications of the life grid in oral health research and a thematic analysis to explore how the interview assignment impacted the students and their views about their future profession. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology was used for the scoping review performed by two reviewers. Studies published until April 21, 2022, were searched regardless of language. Also, assignments collected from one entire cohort of students from 2021/22 academic year were analyzed thematically including an interactive coding process in a qualitative exploratory inquiry. Results: From 724 initially identified records, 22 studies were included, which used the life grid at the beginning of the interview, during the process, or at the end. This tool reduced recall bias, increased data reliability, helped establish rapport with participants, and ensured information accuracy. All the fifty-four assignments delivered in December of 2021 were thematically analyzed, in which five main themes emerged: communication, life course journey, person-centered care, social determinants of health, and access to care. A wide range of ideas emerged under each theme, with several practical suggestions to improve future practice as an oral health professional. Conclusion: Although the impact of using the life grid in dental education, in general, remains unknown, its flexibility in structure and method of use, and various perspectives on its impacts were identified. Also, the students seemed to establish effective relationships with the interviewees and provide various reflections regarding this experience and its implications for their future practice.
The Myth of Informed Consent: An Analysis of the Doctrine of Informed Consent and Its (Mis)Application in HIV Experiments on Pregnant Women in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Dyckman, Jay
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: It has been just over fifty years since Nazi Germany taught the modem world the vicious consequences of utilizing politics and fascist ideology to shape and direct science, medicine, and health care. The horrific experiments and medical rationing conducted by the Nazi government fractured the idea that science and medicine aim to care for and protect the body, and exposed how politics necessarily drives decisions as to which “bodies” are worthy of protection. By constructing the Jew’s body as inherently inferior to the model Aryan physique, German doctors and scientists were able to create a justification for withheld care, coerced medical experimentation, and the final solution of annihilation. The legacy of these atrocities was a post-war declaration of the intrinsic uniqueness of each individual and the sacredness of each body. Called the Nuremberg Code, this document provides guidance to those in the medical field by structuring a means to achieve the goal of securing the bodily integrity of each human subject. The principle vehicle of the declaration is the doctrine of informed consent.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 9 No. 1 (1999)
Fit;o) - A Mössbauer spectrum fitting program
Creators: name: Hjøllum, Jari í
name: Madsen, Morten Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fit;o) is a Mössbauer fitting and analysis program written in Borland Delphi. It has a complete graphical user interface that allows all actions to be carried out via mouse clicks or key shortcut operations in a WYSIWYG fashion. The program does not perform complete transmission integrals, and will therefore not be suited for a complete analysis of all types of Mössbauer spectra and e.g. low temperature spectra of ferrous silicates. Instead, the program is intended for application on complex spectra resulting from typical mineral samples, in which many phases and different crystallite sizes are often present at the same time. The program provides the opportunity to fit the spectra with Gaussian, Lorentzian, Split-Lorentzian, Pseudo-Voigt, Pseudo-Lorentz and Pearson-VII line profiles for individual components of the spectra. This feature is particularly useful when the sample contains components, that are affected by effects of either relaxation or interaction among particles. Fitted spectra may be printed, fits saved, data files exported for graph creation in other programs, and analysis tables and reports may be exported as plain text or LaTeX files. With Fit;o) even an inexperienced user will soon be able to analyze and fit relatively complex Mössbauer spectra of mineralogical samples quickly without programming knowledge.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Confided to His Care or Protection: The Late Nineteenth-Century Crime of Workplace Sexual Harassment
Creators: name: McLean, Sara
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: Catherine MacKinnon wrote in 1979, “Sexual harassment, the experience, is becoming ‘sexual harassment, the legal claim.'” In fact, just as the experience of sexual harassment far predated the first sexual harassment claims under Title VII, so, too, did sexual harassment as a claim of legal injury. In recent years, legal historians have begun to examine American law’s early responses to women’s sexual exploitation at work. In a 1996 article, Professor Lea Vandervelde studied the nineteenth-century tort of seduction as a legal claim for sexual harassment. The following year, Professor Jane Larson investigated the campaign to raise state age of consent laws at the end of the nineteenth century, concluding that it sought, in part, to provide women recourse against sexual abuse by employers and by others in positions of authority. Nineteenth-century law addressed the emerging problem of workplace sexual harassment even more directly, however, in a unique state statute that focused particularly on sexual misconduct at work. Beginning in 1879, one state-Missouri-made it a crime for men to “defile… by carnally knowing” the young women “in their care, custody, or employment.” Missouri’s defilement statute provided: If any guardian of any female under the age of eighteen years, or any other person to whose care or protection any such female shall have been confided, shall defile her, by carnally knowing her while she remains in his care, custody, or employment, he shall, in cases not otherwise provided for, be punished by imprisonment in the penitentiary not exceeding five years or by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding one year and a fine of not less than one hundred dollars. This article will analyze this early sexual harassment statute and the cases under it that reached the Supreme Court of Missouri between 1886 and 1900, at what appears to be the peak of the statute’s application. The article will first briefly explore the underlying shifts in women’s work that occurred over the course of the nineteenth century, as increasing numbers of American women sought work outside their homes, giving rise to new possibilities for women’s sexual independence but also to new threats of women’s sexual abuse, most significantly workplace sexual harassment. The article will next examine the complex ways in which the law reacted to these changes in women’s work, nationally, and then, in Missouri specifically, where the defilement statute formed the most targeted response to the problem of sexual harassment. The article will demonstrate that the defilement statute represented both an extension of the law’s pervasive concern with women’s sexuality and sexual injury and also a retreat from the newly prevailing free labor approach to the master-servant relationship.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 9 No. 1 (1999)
ОПЕРАТИВНОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ СЛОЖНЫХ ПЕРЕЛОМОВ ПРОКСИМАЛЬНОГО ОТДЕЛА ПЛЕЧЕВОЙ КОСТИ
Creators: name: Юсупов, С.Ю.
name: Акрамов, В.Р.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Повреждения проксимального отдела плечевой кости (ППОПК) в структуре переломов костей скелета составляют 2,2–2,6 %, а среди переломов плечевой кости на них приходится до 65 %. Частота неудовлетворительных результатов остаётся высокой — от 47 до 50 % что, связан с замедленным сращением отломков, развитием асептического некроза головки плечевой кости, контрактуры плечевого сустава и вторичных неврологических расстройств [Корж Н.А. 2009; Лоскутов А.Е. 2010].
Title VII’S Flight Beyond First Amendment Radar: A Yin-to-Yang Attenuation of “Speech” Incident to Discriminatory “Abuse” in the Workplace
Creators: name: Marks, John H.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 represents a comprehensive effort to remediate all vestiges of workplace discrimination against employees based on their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The focus of this article is on one branch of Title VII’s prohibition of sex discrimination in the workplace. That branch, commonly known as hostile-environment sexual harassment, is conceived of here as a critically important but mathematically imprecise line drawn by Title VII in the vast cosmos of workplace activity. The uncertain line delineates a threshold into a realm of sex-specific “abuse” that can undermine workplace equality just as seriously as outright denials of tangible job benefits on the basis of sex. Extreme incursions into the realm of sex-specific abuse are easy to identify. At the extreme, these abuse cases involve provocative patterns of verbal and physical assault directed at particular employees because of their sex. Typical of the extreme cases are individually targeted patterns of assaultive sexist insult (e.g., “dumb ass woman”), assaultive sexual propositions (e.g., “hey pussycat, come here and give me a whiff”), and assaultive touching, groping, and grabbing. Although not expressly forbidden by Title VII, severe or pervasive patterns of such activities clearly constitute a form of discriminatory abuse by implication contemplated by Title VII’s prohibition of sex discrimination in the workplace.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 9 No. 1 (1999)
Additional files 3: Figure S1 from Detection and genetic characterization of the novel torque teno virus group 6 in Taiwanese general population
Creators: name: Hsiao, Kuang-Liang
name: Wang, Li-Yu
name: Cheng, Ju-Chien
name: Cheng, Yu-Jung
name: Lin, Chiung-Ling
name: Liu, Hsin-Fu
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: ORF maps of P/1C1 and TW53A26.
From Pig in a Parlor to Boar in a Boardroom: Why Ellerth Isn’t Working and How Other Ideological Models Can Help Reconceptualize the Law of Sexual Harassment
Creators: name: Bauchner, Kerri Lynn
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: Imagine that Beth works for corporation x, which has implemented proactive policies to prevent and deal with sexual harassment. Her supervisor, however, constantly makes inappropriate advances towards her, often threatening that her failure to comply with his requests will result in “complications” for her at the corporation. She finally tells him that she will not be intimidated and that she will report his behavior if it continues. The next week, she is excluded from a career-advancing conference that most others at her level of employment are invited to. She is also pulled from a big project she is working on, and loses the commission that she stood to make from her participation in the project. Now imagine that another woman, Bonnie, works for the same corporation x. Her supervisor also makes inappropriate advances and comments, making her feel objectified and degraded. He makes ambiguous statements, implying that certain people at the corporation will have a far easier time getting ahead than others, but he never actually threatens her. She is made to feel extremely uncomfortable. When she asks him to stop his behavior, he laughs and says he doesn’t know what she is talking about. Not long after, she receives her expected promotion along with the rest of her class, but continues to work for the same supervisor. Because Bonnie is too intimidated to report his tacit threats, and in light of her success at the corporation she fears ruining her chances of further advancement, she remains silent.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 8 No. 2 (1999)
Tanner v. Oregon Health Sciences University: Justifying the Mandate for Domestic Partner Benefits
Creators: name: Chusid, Jodie Leith
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: On August 8, 1996, Multnomah County Circuit Judge Stephen Gallagher handed down a first-of-its-kind order. Unlike other cases involving domestic partner benefits which focus on marital status discrimination, the Oregon case is premised on sex discrimination. In Tanner v. Oregon Health Sciences University, Judge Gallagher ordered the state of Oregon to offer group life, medical, and dental insurance benefits to the domestic partners of homosexual state employees. Judge Gallagher held that the state’s current fringe benefit plan violates Article I, section 20 of the Oregon Constitution and Oregon Revised Statute (ORS) § 659.030(1)(b), which prohibit sex discrimination in employment. The decision enjoined the State of Oregon, Oregon Health Sciences University (OHSU), the State Board of Higher Education, and the State of Oregon’s State Employee’s Benefits Board (SEBB) from denying group life and group medical and dental insurance coverage to the domestic partners of homosexual employees when such employment-related benefits are afforded to the spouses of its heterosexual employees. The Tanner opinion is problematic because it is void of legal analysis- statutory, constitutional, common law, or otherwise-to justify the outcome. Instead, Judge Gallagher’s opinion is premised upon the social injustices that continue to afflict the gay and lesbian communities; as a result, the decision is ripe for appeal. On August 30, 1997, the Oregon Attorney General’s office announced its decision to appeal the case. At the very least, the appeal is perfunctory, intended to force the Court of Appeals to set binding precedent. On the other hand, the Attorney General’s challenge could be a genuine effort to prove that the state’s policies and practices are both non- discriminatory and constitutional. In either scenario, it is speculated that this case will reach the Oregon Supreme Court, with the possibility of becoming binding law in Oregon. Both the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court decisions are heavily anticipated because the implications could be far- reaching. Depending on the courts’ analyses, homosexuals may be deemed a protected class in Oregon. Such a ruling would alter the current face of many of the state’s legal doctrines and pave the way for a potentially successful challenge to the state’s prohibition on same-sex marriages. This Comment first examines the Tanner case: the claim, the issues, the arguments set forth by both parties, and the holding. Next, the available constitutional, legal, and social arguments will be presented and analyzed applying the Tanner facts. Finally, this Comment concludes that the circuit court holding in Tanner v. OHSU can withstand constitutional and legal scrutiny, thereby taking Oregon a step closer to deeming homosexuals a protected class under the state’s employment non-discrimination law and the Oregon Constitution.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 8 No. 2 (1999)
Strong suppression of Coulomb corrections to the cross section of e+e- pair production in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Lee, R. N.
name: Milstein, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb corrections to the cross section of $e^+e^-$ pair production in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions are calculated in the next-to-leading approximation with respect to the parameter $L=\ln γ_Aγ_B$ ($γ_{A,B}$ are the Lorentz factors of colliding nuclei). We found considerable reduction of the Coulomb corrections even for large $γ_Aγ_B$ due to the suppression of the production of $e^+e^-$ pair with the total energy of the order of a few electron masses in the rest frame of one of the nuclei. Our result explains why the deviation from the Born result were not observed in the experiment at SPS.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX
Kiyoko Kamio Knapp
Creators: name: Adler, Libby
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: Under our federalist system, the axiom has it, family law resides within the province of the states. This article disputes that axiom and seeks to arrive at a more precise understanding of the relationship between federalism and family. In its 1995 decision in United States v. Lopez, the Supreme Court invalidated the Gun-Free School Zones Act, a federal statute criminalizing handgun possession in proximity to a school yard. When Congress passed the Gun-Free School Zones Act, the Court held, it exceeded its authority under the Commerce Clause. Defending the need to impose limits on the scope of congressional power, the Court explained: [U]nder the Government’s. . .reasoning, Congress could regulate any activity that it found was related to the economic productivity of individual citizens: family law (including marriage, divorce, and child custody), for example. Under the theories that the Government presents. . .it is difficult to perceive any limitation on federal power. . . Family law, in the Court’s view, is the area of law paradigmatically suited to state control. Congressional regulation of family would signal the falling of the final outpost of federalism. It would mean that the powers of Congress were no longer enumerated, but had devolved into plenary police powers-the very spectacle of completely centralized sovereign control against which the framers of the Constitution struggled.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 8 No. 2 (1999)
QSMVM: QoS-aware and social-aware multimetric routing protocol for video-streaming services over MANETs
Creators: name: Jara, Efraín Palacios
name: Mezhe, Ahmad Mohamad
name: Igartua, Mónica Aguilar
name: Redondo, Rebeca P. Díaz
name: Vilas, Ana Fernández
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a set of autonomous mobile devices connected by wireless links in a distributed manner and without a fixed infrastructure. Real-time multimedia services, such as video-streaming over MANETs, offers very promising applications, e.g. two members of a group of tourists who want to share a video transmitted through the MANET they form; a video-streaming service deployed over a MANET where users watch a film; among other examples. On the other hand, social web technologies, where people actively interact online with others through social networks, are leading to a socialization of networks. Information of interaction among users is being used to provide socially-enhanced software. To achieve this, we need to know the strength of the relationship between a given user and each user they interact with. This strength of the relationship can be measured through a concept called tie strength (TS), first introduced by Mark Granovetter in 1973. In this article, we modify our previous proposal named multipath multimedia dynamic source routing (MMDSR) protocol to include a social metric TS in the decisions taken by the forwarding algorithm. We find a trade-off between the quality of service (QoS) and the trust level between users who form the forwarding path in the MANET. Our goal is to increase the trust metric while the QoS is not affected significantly.
Don’t Awaken the Sleeping Child: Japan’s Gender Equality Law and the Rhetoric of Gradualism
Creators: name: Knapp, Kiyoko Kamio
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1999

description: Imagine a Japanese mother of two sitting in a law office for a job interview. Newly admitted to practice, she is eager to join the firm as an associate. “Sorry,” a hiring partner shakes his head. “It is our policy that we don’t hire married women with children. Our work requires long hours, and how can you prove that you have the ability to combine work and family?” The preceding scenario is based on a letter to the editor published in Japan’s major newspaper, Asahi Shimbun, on July 1, 1994. Written by Yayoi Norii, a thirty-five-year-old aspiring female attorney, the letter revealed a harsh reality surrounding Japanese women in the legal profession. Out of eighty law firms in Osaka (Japan’s second largest prefecture) which had submitted help-wanted advertisements in the first half of 1993, twenty-three explicitly indicated their intent to hire male lawyers only. “People may automatically perceive that professional women have little difficulty landing a job [compared to non-professional women],” Norii wrote, “but we fare no better.” Japanese women have long struggled for gender equality. Shoku-ba no hana (“office flowers”), a phrase often used for female workers, aptly describes the traditional role of women in the Japanese workplace: Physically appealing women, fresh out of school, perform supplementary duties and help create a pleasant atmosphere in the office; once married or pregnant, however, they are forced to leave.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 8 No. 2 (1999)
Non-relativistic M-Theory solutions based on Kaehler-Einstein spaces
Creators: name: Colgain, Eoin 'O
name: Varela, Oscar
name: Yavartanoo, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new families of non-supersymmetric solutions of D=11 supergravity with non-relativistic symmetry, based on six-dimensional Kaehler-Einstein manifolds. In constructing these solutions, we make use of a consistent reduction to a five-dimensional gravity theory coupled to a massive scalar and vector field. This theory admits a non-relativistic CFT dual with dynamical exponent z=4, which may be uplifted to D=11 supergravity. Finally, we generalise this solution and find new solutions with various z, including z=2.
description: 1+12 pages. v2: minor typos corrected. v3: Minor typos corrected and some more details given in section 3. To appear in JHEP
Capillary rogue waves
Creators: name: Shats, M.
name: Punzmann, H.
name: Xia, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of extreme wave events (rogue waves) in parametrically driven capillary waves. Rogue waves are observed above a certain threshold in forcing. Above this threshold, frequency spectra broaden and develop exponential tails. For the first time we present evidence of strong four-wave coupling in non-linear waves (high tricoherence), which points to modulation instability as the main mechanism in rogue waves. The generation of rogue waves is identified as the onset of a distinct tail in the probability density function of the wave heights. Their probability is higher than expected from the measured wave background.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1: of Two dose levels of rabbit antithymocyte globulin as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in haploidentical stem cell transplantation: a multicenter randomized study
Creators: name: Lin, Ren
name: Wang, Yu
name: Huang, Fen
name: Fan, Zhiping
name: Zhang, Shen
name: Yang, Ting
name: Xu, Yajing
name: Xu, Na
name: Xuan, Li
name: Ye, Jieyu
name: Sun, Jing
name: Huang, Xiaojun
name: Liu, Qifa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Study protocol. (DOCX 60 kb)
Realization of symmetry in the ERG approach to quantum field theory
Creators: name: Igarashi, Yuji
name: Itoh, Katsumi
name: Sonoda, Hidenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the use of the exact renormalization group for realization of symmetry in renormalizable field theories. The review consists of three parts. In part I (sects. 2,3,4), we start with the perturbative construction of a renormalizable field theory as a solution of the exact renormalization group (ERG) differential equation. We show how to characterize renormalizability by an appropriate asymptotic behavior of the solution for a large momentum cutoff. Renormalized parameters are introduced to control the asymptotic behavior. In part II (sects. 5--9), we introduce two formalisms to incorporate symmetry: one by imposing the Ward-Takahashi identity, and another by imposing the generalized Ward-Takahashi identity via sources that generate symmetry transformations. We apply the two formalisms to concrete models such as QED, YM theories, and the Wess-Zumino model in four dimensions, and the O(N) non-linear sigma model in two dimensions. We end this part with calculations of the abelian axial and chiral anomalies. In part III (sects. 10,11), we overview the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism adapted to the Wilson action of a bare theory with a UV cutoff. We provide a few appendices to give details and extensions that can be omitted for the understanding of the main text. The last appendix is a quick summary for the reader's convenience.
description: 166 pages, 27 figures
Ensemble Federated Learning: an approach for collaborative pneumonia diagnosis
Creators: name: Mabrouk, Alhassan
name: Redondo, Rebeca P. Díaz
name: Elaziz, Mohamed Abd
name: Kayed, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning is a very convenient approach for scenarios where (i) the exchange of data implies privacy concerns and/or (ii) a quick reaction is needed. In smart healthcare systems, both aspects are usually required. In this paper, we work on the first scenario, where preserving privacy is key and, consequently, building a unique and massive medical image data set by fusing different data sets from different medical institutions or research centers (computation nodes) is not an option. We propose an ensemble federated learning (EFL) approach that is based on the following characteristics: First, each computation node works with a different data set (but of the same type). They work locally and apply an ensemble approach combining eight well-known CNN models (densenet169, mobilenetv2, xception, inceptionv3, vgg16, resnet50, densenet121, and resnet152v2) on Chest X-ray images. Second, the best two local models are used to create a local ensemble model that is shared with a central node. Third, the ensemble models are aggregated to obtain a global model, which is shared with the computation nodes to continue with a new iteration. This procedure continues until there are no changes in the best local models. We have performed different experiments to compare our approach with centralized ones (with or without an ensemble approach)\color{black}. The results conclude that our proposal outperforms these ones in Chest X-ray images (achieving an accuracy of 96.63\%) and offers very competitive results compared to other proposals in the literature.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, journal
What Every First Year Female Law Student Should Know
Creators: name: Torrey, Morrison
name: Ries, Jennifer
name: Spiliopoulous, Elaine
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 1998

description: What can first-year women law students expect during law school? Is law school still dominated by men or has legal education responded to the challenge to eliminate sex discrimination?’ Is there anything women can do to minimize the effects of gender bias and maximize their law school experience? These are the questions addressed in this article. Unfortunately, numerous studies now have documented what the co-authors already knew from personal experience-women can expect a hostile environment while attending law school.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 7 No. 2 (1998)