cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
All-optical switch and logic gates based on all-dielectric hybrid silicon-Ge2Sb2Te5 metamaterials
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhaojian
name: Yang, Junbo
name: Bai, Wei
name: Han, Yunxin
name: He, Xin
name: Huang, Jie
name: Chen, Dingbo
name: Xu, Siyu
name: Xie, Wanlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically propose an all-dielectric hybrid metamaterial (MM) to realize all-optical switch and logic gates in shortwave infrared (SWIR) band. Such MM consists of one silicon rod and one Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) rod pair. Utilizing the transition from amorphous to crystalline state of GST, such MM can produce electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) analogue with active control. Based on this, we realized all-optical switching at 1500 nm with a modulation depth 84%. Besides, three different logic gates, NOT, NOR and OR, can also be achieved in this device simultaneously. Thanks to the reversible and fast phase transition process of GST, this device possesses reconfigurable ability as well as fast response time, and has potential applications in future optical networks.
Doped coupled frustrated spin-1/2 chains with four-spin exchange
Creators: name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
name: Poilblanc, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of various magnetic inter-chain couplings is investigated by numerical methods in doped frustrated quantum spin chains. A non-magnetic dopant introduced in a gapped spin chain releases a free spin-1/2 soliton. The formation of a local magnetic moment is analyzed in term of soliton confinement. A four-spin coupling which might originate from cyclic exchange is shown to produce such a confinement in contrast to transverse magnetic exchange. Dopants on different chains experience an effective space-extended non-frustrating pairwise spin interaction.
description: Few modifications and references added. Submitted to PRL
A Multi-task Approach for Named Entity Recognition in Social Media Data
Creators: name: Aguilar, Gustavo
name: Maharjan, Suraj
name: López-Monroy, Adrian Pastor
name: Solorio, Thamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Named Entity Recognition for social media data is challenging because of its inherent noisiness. In addition to improper grammatical structures, it contains spelling inconsistencies and numerous informal abbreviations. We propose a novel multi-task approach by employing a more general secondary task of Named Entity (NE) segmentation together with the primary task of fine-grained NE categorization. The multi-task neural network architecture learns higher order feature representations from word and character sequences along with basic Part-of-Speech tags and gazetteer information. This neural network acts as a feature extractor to feed a Conditional Random Fields classifier. We were able to obtain the first position in the 3rd Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text (WNUT-2017) with a 41.86% entity F1-score and a 40.24% surface F1-score.
description: EMNLP 2017 (W-NUT)
Tripartite Entanglement in a Bose Condensate by Stimulated Bragg Scattering
Creators: name: Deb, B.
name: Agarwal, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to entangle three different many-particle states by Bragg spectroscopy with nonclassical light in a Bose condensate of weakly interacting atomic gases. Among these three states, two are of atoms corresponding to two opposite momentum side-modes of the condensate; and the other is of single-mode photons of the output probe beam. We demonstrate strong dependence of the multiparticle entanglement on the quantum statistics of the probe light. We present detailed results on entanglement keeping in view of the possible experimental situation.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Revtex
Determination of enantiomeric excess with chirality-dependent AC Stark effects in cyclic three-level models
Creators: name: Ye, Chong
name: Zhang, Quansheng
name: Chen, Yu-Yuan
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determination of enantiomeric excess is important and remains challenges. We theoretically propose a new spectroscopic method for this issue based on the chirality-dependent AC Stark effects in cyclic three-level models under the three-photon resonance condition. The enantiomeric excess of the chiral mixture is determined by comparing the amplitudes of the two chosen AC Stark peaks in the Fourier transform spectrum of the induced polarizations, which are (approximately) proportional to the molecule numbers of the two enantiomers, respectively. Comparing with current spectroscopic methods based on the interference between the electric- and (usually weak) magnetic-dipole transition moments and/or with the need for enantio-pure samples, our method only involves electric-dipole transitions and does not require the enantio-pure samples. Therefore, it will give strong chiral signals and can be applied to the determinations of enantiomeric excess for chiral molecules whose enantio-pure samples are still challenging to achieve.
The ripple effects of financial misconduct
Creators: name: Shi, Rui
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis consists of three studies related to the wider effects of financial misconduct. In the first study, I show that information complementarities play an important role in the spillover of transparency shocks. I exploit staggered revelation of financial misconduct by S&P500 firms and find that the implied cost of capital increases for “close” industry peers relative to “distant” peers. Disclosure also increases. The effects are particularly strong when the close peers share common analysts and institutional ownership with the fraudulent firm. While disclosure remains high for the next four years, with sustained disclosure, the cost of equity starts to decrease. Firms’ financing patterns tilt more towards debt financing initially at the expense of equity, but eventually revert. In the second study, I investigate how suppliers adjust their innovation when financial fraud by a major customer is revealed. Consistent with the importance of “trust” when contracts are incomplete, suppliers reduce R&D, generate fewer patents, engage in more explorative innovation, and innovate in areas different from those of the fraudulent customer. Surprisingly, while the survival likelihood of the affected suppliers decreases in the next three years, over a ten-year period, survival likelihood is higher, and they attract more principal customers, than control firms. The results suggest that customer pressure and myopic incentives of supplier managers cause suppliers to pursue suboptimally diversified innovation strategies. In the third study, I examine the strategic response of product market competitors when financial fraud by an industry leader is publicly revealed. I document evidence of predatory advertising and pricing. Close competitors of the leader step up advertisement spending relative to control firms. Although I do not directly observe product prices, I find that even though advertisement increases, competitors’ profit margins drop, consistent with predatory pricing. Evidence of predation is stronger when rival firms have larger market share, the fraud firm has higher leverage, and when the average leverage of rival firms is lower. The effects appear mainly in industries that produce customized products and consumer switching costs are high. Increasing advertising expenditure appears to be a more potent predatory strategy in industries that experience new customer growth, whereas cutting prices appears more potent in industries with stagnant customer base. I present a switching cost model similar to Klemperer (1995) that generates implications broadly consistent with these observations.
title: Determining Optimal Gear Selection and Cadence in Elite Track Cyclists
Creators: name: Wackwitz, Thomas A
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: track cycling
subject: cadence
subject: gear selection
subject: elite athletes

description: Selecting the most appropriate gear ratio in track cycling is integral for optimising performance, given the fixed gear ratio on track bicycles. For the flying 200-m time trial (i.e., f200-m track sprint), a gear ratio that facilitates the production of maximal power output (Pmax) is required. Similarly, during standing start events (i.e., pursuits, team sprint, Kilo), a balance between maximising the power production during the acceleration phase and maintenance phase is necessary. Currently, there is no systematic approach to identify and optimise gear ratios for individual athletes specific to their physiological characteristics, individual events, and environmental conditions. As such, within this thesis we will propose a methodological approach to personalise the optimisation of gear selection. This will be accomplished through the following objectives i) critically reviewing the relationship between muscle fibre typology (ratio of Type I and Type II fibres) and cycling efficiency, ii) investigating the impact of muscle fibre typology on cycling efficiency and track sprint cycling characteristics, iii) exploring the validity and agreement of field and laboratory-derived torque-cadence and power-cadence profiles, iv) investigating the effect of cadence on fatigue during maximal sprint cycling, and v) proposing a novel application of these findings to a physics-based model of track sprint cycling to identify individualised optimal gear ratios. [...]
Nested coordinate Bethe wavefunctions from the Bethe/gauge correspondence
Creators: name: Foda, Omar
name: Manabe, Masahide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In [1, 2], Nekrasov applied the Bethe/gauge correspondence to derive the $\mathfrak{su}\, (2)$ XXX spin-chain coordinate Bethe wavefunction from the IR limit of a 2D $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ supersymmetric $A_1$ quiver gauge theory with an orbifold-type codimension-2 defect. Later, Bullimore, Kim and Lukowski implemented Nekrasov's construction at the level of the UV $A_1$ quiver gauge theory, recovered his result, and obtained further extensions of the Bethe/gauge correspondence [3]. In this work, we extend the construction of the defect to $A_M$ quiver gauge theories to obtain the $\mathfrak{su} \, ( M + 1 )$ XXX spin-chain nested coordinate Bethe wavefunctions. The extension to XXZ spin-chain is straightforward. Further, we apply a Higgsing procedure to obtain more general $A_M$ quivers and the corresponding wavefunctions, and interpret this procedure (and the Hanany-Witten moves that it involves) on the spin-chain side in terms of Izergin-Korepin-type specializations (and re-assignments) of the parameters of the coordinate Bethe wavefunctions.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures; v2: minor changes, table 4, figure 4, section 7, and references added
Biofuels of the Future
Creators: name: Oxburgh, Ron
name: Oxburgh, Ron
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: There are good biofuels and bad biofuels. The good ones offer the prospect of transport fuels that have much lower environmental impact than fossil fuels and could before long be less expensive as well. Bad or irresponsibly produced biofuels may at best bring little environmental advantage; at worst they may also cause serious environmental damage, habitat destruction and food shortages. The biofuel industry of the future will make a significant contribution to the greening of the world’s vehicle transport systems by producing biofuels that are derived either from plants grown on marginal land where food crops cannot be grown, or from the organic residues from agricultural, industrial or urban processes. The industry is still in its infancy and is likely to spring some big surprises.
Antisymmetric and other subleading corrections to scaling in the local potential approximation
Creators: name: Tsypin, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For systems in the universality class of the three-dimensional Ising model we compute the critical exponents in the local potential approximation (LPA), that is, in the framework of the Wegner-Houghton equation. We are mostly interested in antisymmetric corrections to scaling, which are relatively poorly studied. We find the exponent for the leading antisymmetric correction to scaling $ω_A \approx 1.691$ in the LPA. This high value implies that such corrections cannot explain asymmetries observed in some Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 12 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uses epsf
Clifford algebra approach of 3D Ising model
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhidong
name: Suzuki, Osamu
name: March, Norman H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.2.2
subject: optional

description: We develop a Clifford algebra approach for 3D Ising model. By utilizing some mathematical facts of the direct product of matrices and their trace, we expand the dimension of the transfer matrices V of the 3D Ising system by adding unit matrices I (with compensation of a factor) and adjusting their sequence, which do not change the trace of the transfer matrices V (Theorem I: Trace Invariance Theorem). It allows us to perform a linearization process on sub-transfer-matrices (Theorem II: Linearization Theorem). It is found that locally for each site j, the internal factor Wj in the transfer matrices can be treated as a boundary factor, which can be dealt with by a procedure similar to the Onsager-Kaufman approach for the boundary factor U in the 2D Ising model. This linearization process splits each sub-transfer matrix into 2n sub-spaces (and the whole system into 2nl sub-spaces). Furthermore, a local transformation is employed on each of the sub-transfer matrices (Theorem III: Local Transformation Theorem). The local transformation trivializes the non-trivial topological structure, while it generalizes the topological phases on the eigenvectors. This is induced by a gauge transformation in the Ising gauge lattice that is dual to the original 3D Ising model. The non-commutation of operators during the processes of linearization and local transformation can be dealt with to be commutative in the framework of the Jordan-von Neumann-Wigner procedure, in which the multiplication in Jordan algebras is applied instead of the usual matrix multiplication AB (Theorem IV: Commutation Theorem).
description: 48 pages, 0 figure
Tedania (Tedaniopsis) wellsae Goodwin & Brickle 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Goodwin, Claire
name: Brickle, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Tedaniidae
Tedania
Tedania wellsae

description: Tedania (Tedaniopsis) wellsae sp. nov.
(Figure 16)
 Type material: Holotype: BELUM Mc 7578. Sample in 95% ethanol, tissue section and spicule preparation on slides. Prion Island Site 1, South Georgia (54°001.590’S, 37°15.178’W); depth 17.6m; collected by C. Goodwin, D. Poncet, and P. Brewin, 19 th November 2010.
 Paratypes: Samples in 95% ethanol, tissue section and spicule preparation on slides. BELUM Mc 7637. Bird Sound Site 2, South Georgia (54°01.149’S, 38° 01.026’W); depth 18m; collected by C. Goodwin, S. Cartwright and P. Brickle, 22 nd November 2010. BELUM Mc 7642. Bird Sound, Site 4, South Georgia (54°02.095’S, 38° 00.187’W); depth 6m; collected by J. Brown and S. Brown, 22 nd November 2010.
 Comparative material examined: BMNH 79.12.27.12 Tedania tenuicapitata Ridley, 1881, Holotype. Tissue section and spicule preparation slides.
 Etymology: Named after Dr Emma Wells, the algal taxonomist on this expedition.
 External morphology: In situ appearance: Custard yellow thin (<5mm) crust. Encrusting on bedrock or algae and forming patches up to 15cm in diameter. Bumpy surface with veins visible in between bumps (Fig. 16a).
 Preserved appearance: Cream crust. Firm, not compressible. Surface in brain-like folds (Fig. 16a).
 Skeleton: The choanosomal skeleton is formed of ascending columns of 4–6 styles irregularly branched and connected with small columns 2–3 styles wide. The onychaetes combined into the choanosomal fibres and brushes but many free onychaetes also present in the choanosomal tissue. The ectosomal skeleton conststs of a palisade of tornotes (Fig. 16b).
 Spicules: Measurements from Mc7578.
 Styles: 301(335)382 by 9.6(13.6)17.3µm. Some faintly curved (Fig. 16c).
 Ectosomal tornotes: 241(309)278 by 6.7(9.4)11.7µm. Anisotornotes with mucronate ends (Fig. 16d).
 Onychaetes: 63(74)86 and 159(190)206 by 1.4(2.2)2.9µm. The large are pointed at both ends, the small have one pointed and one rounded end (Fig. 16e, f, g).
 Remarks: This species can be separated from others in the subgenus by the size range of its spicules (Table 8). They are similar in size range to Tedania (Tedaniopsis) tenuicapitata Ridley, 1881 which has similarly sized styles (296–387µm) and tornotes (185–270 µm), but much longer large onychaetes (132–327 and 52–75µm). However, comparison with the type specimen shows that all spicules are much less robust and it does not have the pronounced ascending skeletal columns found in this species. It differs from Tedania (Tedaniopsis) aurantiaca sp. nov. in having an encrusting rather than massive external form and the smaller size of its styles, ectosomal tornotes and onychaetes.
description: Published as part of Goodwin, Claire & Brickle, Paul, 2012, Sponge biodiversity of South Georgia island with descriptions of fifteen new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3542 on pages 29-31
Survey for the estimation of the spread of hypothetical viruses from Anticipating trajectories of exponential growth
Creators: name: Hutzler, Florian
name: Richlan, Fabio
name: Leitner, Michael Christian
name: Schuster, Sarah
name: Braun, Mario
name: Hawelka, Stefan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a translation of the survey we used for examining the accurarcy with which participants estimate the future number of infected cases with a hypothetical virus.
A Computational Framework for Monitoring Black-Odorous Water from Remote Sensed Data and Data Mining Techniques. GeoComputation 2019
Creators: name: Yichun Xie
name: Yang, Ji
name: Zhou, Alicia
name: Chenghu Zhou
name: Liusheng Han
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: China, through 40 years of the economic reforms, has witnessed fast economic growth, which has been accompanied with severe environmental challenges. One of those concerns is the surface water pollution, called black-odorous water, which has occurred in almost all big rivers as well as small streams. The Sate Council of China on April 16, 2015 unveiled its first Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control, aiming at cleaning up 70% black-odorous water in major rivers and cities by 2020. However, there are several technical challenges hindering this Action Plan: 1) What are the key indicators of black-odorous water? 2) Is the traditional direct measurement approach too time-consuming and costly for quick actions; 3) Can remote-sensing techniques be used to replace or enhance the traditional direct monitoring approach? 4) Are there effective computational algorithms for using the remote sensed data to assess the severity of black-odorous water and to identify key indicators of black-odorous water? From the perspectives of remote sensing, an effective computational framework should contain the following functions: 1) examining how each water quality indicator contributes to the severity of black-odorous water; 2) identifying which wavelength reflectances closely relate to the severity of black-odorous water; and 3) assessing which wavelength reflectances complement with what water quality indicators to reveal the most sensitive responses to the severity of black-odorous water. The paper intends to develop a computational data mining framework, which innovatively integrates the data mining techniques, such as hierarchical clustering, semisupervised discriminating, factorical analysis, spatial lasso selecting and linear regression, to answer these questions. A case study in Guangzhou City, China is carried out to demonstrate the applicability of this remote sensing based black-odorous water computational monitoring framework.
Network-constrained Bivariate Clustering Method for Detecting Urban Black Holes and Volcanoes. GeoComputation 2019
Creators: name: Zhihui Wu
name: Qiliang Liu
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Urban black holes and volcanoes are typical traffic anomalies in cities. The discovery of urban black holes and volcanoes has played an important role in urban planning and public safety. It is still challenging to detect arbitrarily shaped urban black holes and volcanoes considering the network constraints with less prior knowledge. In this study, a network-constrained bivariate clustering method is proposed to detect statistically significant urban black holes and volcanoes with irregular shapes. First, an edge-expansion strategy is used to construct the network-constrained neighbourhoods without the time-consuming calculation of the network distance between each pair of objects. Then, a network-constrained spatial scan statistic is constructed to identify candidate sub-areas of urban black holes and volcanoes, which are then combined to form arbitrarily shaped urban black holes and volcanoes based on the multidirectional optimization method. Finally, the statistical significance of each detected urban black hole and volcano is evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. The simulations demonstrate that proposed method is more effective and stable than the three state-of-the-art methods in detecting urban black holes and volcanoes. The empirical analysis of the Beijing taxicab spatial trajectory data also shows that the proposed method is useful for detecting the spatiotemporal variations of traffic anomalies.
Coupling Machine Learning and Cellular Automata-Markov Chain to Model Urban Expansion in a Fast Developing Area: A Case Study of Liangjiang New District of Chongqing, China
Creators: name: Tingting Xu
name: Gao, Jay
name: Coco, Giovanni
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Timely monitoring and modeling of landuse change is vital to manage land resources effectively and to rectify defective land use policies, especially in rapidly urbanizing areas. Our research is applied to an annual land use dataset in order to simulate urban expansion in a fast developing area, through a hybrid model coupling Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), cellular automata (CA), and Markov Chain (MC). The ANNs were optimized to create the urban suitability index (USI) map that was then integrated with CA-MC to spatially allocate urban expansion cells. Two ANNs, multiple-layer perceptron (MLP) and long short-term memory network (LSTM), were implemented comparatively. Since LSTM is able to take into account more temporal information, it outperformed MLP in modelling urban expansion process over a short temporal interval. The results, validated using kappa and fuzzy kappa simulation, indicate that the integration of ANNs with CA-MC can capture the possible nonlinear relationship between urban expansion and its drivers, hence it can accurately simulate and predict urban expansion in the study area.
Rossella nuda Topsent 1901
Creators: name: Goodwin, Claire
name: Brickle, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Hexactinellida
Lyssacinosida
Rossellidae
Rossella
Rossella nuda

description: Rossella nuda Topsent, 1901
(Figure 22)
 Material: Samples in 95% ethanol, tissue section and spicule preparation on slides. BELUM Mc 7650. Jagged Point, Possession Bay, South Georgia (54°04.514’S, 37° 07.188’W); depth 10.4m; collected by C. Goodwin, D. Poncet and P. Brewin, 23 rd November 2010.
 Comparative material examined: BMNH Rossella nuda (Topsent) Discovery Antarctic Collection 1926 - 27.Dried specimens RN CLVI II, R.N. CKVI I
 External morphology: In situ appearance: Large (maximum diameter> 100cm) vase shaped white sponge with lobose surface (Fig. 22a).
 Preserved appearance: Small slide of edge of sponge. Tough with a very hispid surface like a mat of hairs.
 Skeleton: Skeleton composed of free diactines with hypodermal diactines and pentactines, outer dermal spicules spined pentatines and hexactines.
 Spicules: Hypodermal diactines: (not measured, Barthel and Tendal (1994) report 2500–3500µm)
Spined hexactine (Fig. 22b).
 Calycocome: very rare, one measured: 211µm in diameter (Fig. 22c).
 Oxyhexaster: diameter 101(181)247µm (Fig. 22d).
 Microdiscohexaster: diameter 30(32)35µm (Fig. 22e).
 Remarks: In the original description Topsent lists the microscleres as oxyhexasters 120µm in diameter, calcycocomes of a uniform diameter (250µm), microdiscohexasters 40–50µm in diameter, and larger discohexasters 100µm in diameter. The latter were only noted in small quantities and we didn’t find them in our specimen.
 Distribution: This specimen was situated in a small cave at 8m, attached to bedrock. Rossella nuda has been recorded on the Victoria Land coast from the eastern Weddell Sea to the Ross Sea, including McMurdo Sound, and the Bellingshausen Sea (Topsent 1901; Kirkpatrick 1907; Burton 1929; Koltun 1976; Barthel and Tendal, 1994; Janussen and Reiswig 2009); South Georgia (Burton 1940 but no details given, Barnes et al. 2006b) and the Falkland Islands (Burton 1940 but no details given) and the coast of Argentina (Burton 1940); from depths of 18–1579m. Burton (1929) recognised five species of Rossella including R. nuda but Koltun (1976) only recognised R. antarctica and R. racovitzae one of which he regarded as a ‘ highly polymorphic species’, many species have since been reinstated by Barthel and Tendal (1994). Barnes et al. (2006b) recorded specimens of Rossella nuda from Morraine Fjord on South Georgia at 18m, which were the shallowest known records for R. nuda at that time.
description: Published as part of Goodwin, Claire & Brickle, Paul, 2012, Sponge biodiversity of South Georgia island with descriptions of fifteen new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3542 on pages 42-43
Clusters of Cycles
Creators: name: Deza, M.
name: Shtogrin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A {\it cluster of cycles} (or {\it $(r,q)$-polycycle}) is a simple planar 2--co nnected finite or countable graph $G$ of girth $r$ and maximal vertex-degree $q$, which admits {\it $(r,q)$-polycyclic realization} on the plane, denote it by $P(G)$, i.e. such that: (i) all interior vertices are of degree $q$, (ii) all interior faces (denote their number by $p_r$) are combinatorial $r$-gons and (implied by (i), (ii)) (iii) all vertices, edges and interior faces form a cell-complex. An example of $(r,q)$-polycycle is the skeleton of $(r^q)$, i.e. of the $q$-valent partition of the sphere $S^2$, Euclidean plane $R^2$ or hyperbolic plane $H^2$ by regular $r$-gons. Call {\it spheric} pairs $(r,q)=(3,3),(3,4),(4,3),(3,5),(5,3)$; for those five pairs $P(r^q)$ is $(r^q)$ without the exterior face; otherwise $P(r^q)=(r^q)$. We give here a compact survey of results on $(r,q)$-polycycles.
description: 21. to in appear in Journal of Geometry and Physics
Effect of deoxygenation on the weak link behavior of YBCO superconductors
Creators: name: Salamati, H.
name: Kameli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of the weak- link behavior for YBa2Cu3O7-d polycrystalline samples has been done using the electrical resistivity and AC susceptibility techniques.The experiments were performed with two samples of similar grain, a sample of well-coupled grains, and a deoxygenated sample in such a way that the oxygen mostly come from the intergrain region. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the AC susceptibility near the transition temperature (Tc) has been done employing Bean critical state model. The observed variation of intergranular critical current densities(Jc)with temperature indicates that the weak links are changed from superconductor- normal metal-superconductor(SNS) for well-coupled sample to superconductor-insulator- normal metal-superconductor(SINS) type of junctions for the deoxygenated sample.These results are interpreted in terms of oxygen depletion from grain boundaries, which in turn decreases the intergranular Josephson coupling energy with a consequent decrease ofpinning of the intergranular vortices.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Solid State Communications
YUSUF XOS HOJIBNING "QUTADGʻU BILIG" ASARIDA ZOONIM ASOSIDAGI KOʻCHIMLAR TAHLILI
Creators: name: Odilova, Dilobar
name: Rahmonova, Zamira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Hozirgi kunda qadimgi yozma yodgorliklar, mumtoz manbalarni oʻrganishda, ularni tahlil qilishda bir qator tadqiqot ishlari amalga oshirilmoqda. Olimlar mumtoz asarlarda yashiringan sir-u sinoatlarni yechish orqali tilimizning yanada ravnaq topishiga, soʻz boyligining rivojiga oʻzlarining katta hissalarini qoʻshib kelmoqda. Ana shunday lingvistik nuqtayi nazardan tahlil qilishga arzigulik asarlardan biri, shubhasiz, Yusuf Xos Hojibning “Qutadgʻu bilig” dostonidir. Asarda muallif metafora va metonimiya hodisasini ishtirokidagi zoonimlardan unumli foydalangan. Bu esa asarning badiiy ifodasini oshirishga, fikrni aniq ifodalashga, adibning soʻz qoʻllashdagi mahoratini aks ettirishga xizmat qilgan.  Ushbu maqolada  zoonim asosidagi koʻchimlar xususida soʻz yuritiladi hamda asarda keltirilgan hayvonlar asosidagi metafora va metonimiya hodisalari tahlilga tortiladi.
Pseudolamprops Gamo 1989
Creators: name: Roccatagliata, Daniel
name: Mühlenhardt-Siegel, Ute
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Cumacea
Lampropidae
Pseudolamprops

description: Genus Pseudolamprops Gamô, 1989
 Diagnosis (emended). Carapace with sparse teeth. Antero-lateral angle rounded and denticulate. Ocular lobe with teeth. Telson linguiform, armed with marginal setae (distal and laterally) and 2 subapical dorsal setae exceeding in length the marginal ones. Antennule with long and slender peduncle. Mandible widely truncate at the base. Maxillule palp with 2 setae. First maxilliped with a large dactylus with subapical (not apical) setae. Uropod endopod of 3 articles. Uropod exopod much shorter than the endopod, and composed of 2 subequal articles. Female with rudimentary exopods on pereopods 3 and 4. Male with flagellum of antenna reaching roughly to the end of the abdomen, and with 3 pairs of fully developed pleopods.
 Type species. Pseudolamprops spinifer Gamô, 1989a.
 Distribution. North and South Atlantic, East China Sea, and Antarctic. Depths: 1934–4928 m.
description: Published as part of Roccatagliata, Daniel & Mühlenhardt-Siegel, Ute, 2012, Remarks on the deep-sea genus Pseudolamprops (Cumacea: Lampropidae), pp. 69-79 in Zootaxa 3542 on page 70
Artificial Neurons with Arbitrarily Complex Internal Structures
Creators: name: Kohring, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: I.5.1

description: Artificial neurons with arbitrarily complex internal structure are introduced. The neurons can be described in terms of a set of internal variables, a set activation functions which describe the time evolution of these variables and a set of characteristic functions which control how the neurons interact with one another. The information capacity of attractor networks composed of these generalized neurons is shown to reach the maximum allowed bound. A simple example taken from the domain of pattern recognition demonstrates the increased computational power of these neurons. Furthermore, a specific class of generalized neurons gives rise to a simple transformation relating attractor networks of generalized neurons to standard three layer feed-forward networks. Given this correspondence, we conjecture that the maximum information capacity of a three layer feed-forward network is 2 bits per weight.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Named Entity Recognition on Code-Switched Data: Overview of the CALCS 2018 Shared Task
Creators: name: Aguilar, Gustavo
name: AlGhamdi, Fahad
name: Soto, Victor
name: Diab, Mona
name: Hirschberg, Julia
name: Solorio, Thamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the third shared task of the Computational Approaches to Linguistic Code-Switching (CALCS) workshop, we focus on Named Entity Recognition (NER) on code-switched social-media data. We divide the shared task into two competitions based on the English-Spanish (ENG-SPA) and Modern Standard Arabic-Egyptian (MSA-EGY) language pairs. We use Twitter data and 9 entity types to establish a new dataset for code-switched NER benchmarks. In addition to the CS phenomenon, the diversity of the entities and the social media challenges make the task considerably hard to process. As a result, the best scores of the competitions are 63.76% and 71.61% for ENG-SPA and MSA-EGY, respectively. We present the scores of 9 participants and discuss the most common challenges among submissions.
description: ACL 2018 (CALCS)
Conservation Agriculture Practices in Salt-Affected, Irrigated Areas of Central Asia: Crop Price and Input Cost Variability Effect on Revenue Risks
Creators: name: Hasan, Boboev
name: Higano, Yoshiro
name: Yabar, Helmut
name: Devkota, Mina
name: Lamers, John P. A.
name: Hasan, Boboev
name: Higano, Yoshiro
name: Yabar, Helmut
name: Devkota, Mina
name: Lamers, John P. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The threats to sustainable agriculture caused by severe land degradation, high soil salinity, and increased production costs on salt-affected, irrigated croplands of Uzbekistan, Central Asia, are both challenging and urgent. The present wide-spread cultivation practices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.), but in particular cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), which was the predominant crop during the Soviet Union period (1924-1991) need to be altered by considering improved, technically feasible and economically viable practices. Therefore, the economic performance of three innovative crop rotation systems have been assessed and compared to Conventional Tillage (CT) practices. The cropping systems were all exposed to Bed Planting (BP) with a crop residue cover and included cotton-cover crop-cotton, cotton-wheat, and cotton-wheat-maize. Risk assessment was based on commodity prices and included State Procurement Price (SPP) and free Market Price (MP), but also variable production and input costs. A linear mathematic optimization model was employed to generate various simulations. Financial benefits (expressed in US dollars) were based on 2009 input costs and product prices. The findings revealed that Conservation Agriculture (CA)-based practices applied to the cropping systems could substantially increase economic returns especially in the early stages of adaption, provided they are flanked with appropriate agricultural practices and careful farm managements.
Combined encoding and decoupling solution to problems of decoherence and design in solid-state quantum computing
Creators: name: Byrd, Mark S.
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proposals for scalable quantum computing devices suffer not only from decoherence due to the interaction with their environment, but also from severe engineering constraints. Here we introduce a practical solution to these major concerns, addressing solid state proposals in particular. Decoherence is first reduced by encoding a logical qubit into two qubits, then completely eliminated by an efficient set of decoupling pulse sequences. The same encoding removes the need for single-qubit operations, that pose a difficult design constraint. We further show how the dominant decoherence processes can be identified empirically, in order to optimize the decoupling pulses.
description: 5 pages, Revtex4, updated, shortened version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Structural insights into the interactions of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and riboflavin with FMN riboswitch: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Padmaja D. Wakchaure
name: Kalyanashis Jana
name: Bishwajit Ganguly
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Antibiotics resistance is becoming a serious problem associated with fatalities and suffering patients. New antibiotics that can target the broader spectrum of cellular processes are warranted. One of the recent approaches in this regard is to target the special type of RNA riboswitches in bacteria. In this report, we have explored the mechanistic pathways of ligand-dependent conformational changes of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) riboswitch using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. Cognate ligands FMN and riboflavin (RBF) have shown very different behavior with FMN riboswitch in terms of their role in the gene regulation process. These two ligands have similar scaffold, except the terminal phosphate group in FMN ligand. The MD simulations reveal that the binding of FMN ligand with the riboswitch does not lead to global folding of structure, rather lead to local changes in riboswitch structure. The binding free energy calculated with molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area method suggests the stronger binding of FMN than RBF to the riboswitch and electrostatic energy contributes chiefly to stabilize the complex. Further, the hydrogen bonding analysis identified the key binding site residues G11, G32, G62 of the riboswitch with FMN and RBF. The critical role of the phosphate group in the FMN ligand for binding with the active site of a riboswitch is also borne out in this study. These results unravel the importance of functional groups in natural ligands on designing newer ligands for FMN riboswitch as new antibiotics in the future. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Nonlinear ultrafast fiber amplifiers beyond the gain-narrowing limit
Creators: name: Sidorenko, Pavel
name: Fu, Walter
name: Wise, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast lasers are becoming increasingly widespread in science and industry alike. Fiber-based ultrafast laser sources are especially attractive because of their compactness, alignment-free setups, and potentially low costs. However, confining short pulses within a fiber core leads to high intensities, which drive a host of nonlinear effects. While these phenomena and their interactions greatly complicate the design of such systems, they can also provide opportunities for engineering new capabilities. Here, we report a new fiber amplification regime distinguished by the use of a dynamically-evolving gain spectrum as a degree of freedom: as a pulse experiences nonlinear spectral broadening, absorption and amplification actively reshape both the pulse and the gain spectrum itself. The dynamic co-evolution of the field and excited-state populations supports pulses that can broaden spectrally by almost two orders of magnitude and well beyond the gain bandwidth, while remaining cleanly-compressible to their sub-50-fs transform limit. Theory and experiments provide evidence that a nonlinear attractor underlies the management of the nonlinearity by the gain. Further research into the mutual, pulse-inversion propagation dynamics may address open scientific questions and pave the way toward simple, compact fiber sources that produce high-energy, sub-30-fs pulses.
Austronausibius Halstead 1980
Creators: name: Halstead, David G. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Silvanidae
Austronausibius

description: Austronausibius Halstead
 Austronausibius Halstead 1980: 320.
description: Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105
The maximal G-compactifications of G-spaces with special actions
Creators: name: Chatyrko, V. A.
name: Kozlov, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D35

description: An action on a G-space induces uniformities on the phase space. It is shown when the maximal G-compactification of a G-space can be obtained as a completion of the phase space with respect to one of these uniformities. Structure of G-spaces with special actions is investigated.
description: 7 pages
How does socio-economic and demographic dissimilarity determine physical and virtual segregation? GeoComputation 2019
Creators: name: Dorman, Michael
name: Svoray, Tal
name: Kloog, Itai
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90903 Geospatial Information Systems
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: It is established that socio-economic and demographic dissimilarities between populations are determinants of spatial segregation. However, the understanding of how such dissimilarities translate into actual segregation is limited. We propose a novel network-analysis approach to comprehensively study the determinants of communicative and mobility-related spatial segregation, using geo-tagged Twitter data. Weighted spatial networks representing tie strength between geographical areas are constructed, followed by tie formation modelling as a function of socio-economic and demographic dissimilarity between areas. Physical and virtual tie formation were affected by income, age and race differences, although these effects were smaller by an order of magnitude than the distance effect. Tie formation was more frequent when ‘destination’ area had higher median income and lower median age. We hypothesise that physical tie formation is more ‘costly’ than a virtual one, resulting in stronger segregation in the physical world. Economic and cultural motives may result in stronger segregation of relatively rich and young populations from their surroundings. Our methodology can help identify types of states that lead to spatial segregation, and thus guide planning decisions for reducing its adverse effects.
Anomalous Gravitation and its Positivity from Entanglement
Creators: name: Jiang, Hongliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the emergence of gravitation from entanglement in holographic CFTs with gravitational anomalies. More specifically, the holographic correspondence between topologically massive gravity (TMG) with gravitational Chern-Simons term in the 3D bulk and its dual CFT with unbalanced left and right moving central charges on the 2D boundary, is studied from the quantum entanglement perspective. Using the first law of entanglement, we derive the holographic dictionary of the energy-momentum tensor in TMG, including the chiral case with logarithmic mode. Furthermore, we show that the linearized equation of motion of TMG can also be obtained from entanglement using the Wald-Tachikawa covariant phase space formalism. Finally, we identify a quasi-local gravitational energy in the entanglement wedge as the holographic dual of relative entropy in gravitationally anomalous CFTs. The positivity and monotonicity of relative entropy imply that such a gravitational energy should be positive definite and become larger when increasing the size of the entanglement wedge. These constraints from quantum information may be potentially used to discuss the UV inconsistent issues of TMG.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
Coupling agent based simulation with dynamic networks analysis to study the emergence of mutual knowledge as a percolation phenomenon
Creators: name: Dugdale, Julie
name: Bellamine, Narjes
name: Saoud, Ben
name: Zouai, Fedia
name: Pavard, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of mutual knowledge is a major cognitive mechanism for the robustness of complex socio technical systems. It has been extensively studied from an ethnomethodological point of view and empirically reproduced by multi agent simulations. Whilst such simulations have been used to design real work settings the underlying theoretical grounding for the process is vague. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the emergence of mutual knowledge (MK) in a group of co-located individuals can be explained as a percolation phenomenon. The followed methodology consists in coupling agent-based simulation with dynamic networks analysis to study information propagation phenomena: after using an agent-based simulation we generated and then analysed its traces as networks where agents met and exchanged knowledge. Deep analysis of the resulting networks clearly shows that the emergence of MK is comparable to a percolation process. We specifically focus on how changes at the microscopic level in our agent based simulator affect percolation and robustness. These results therefore provides theoretical basis for the analysis of social organizations.