cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Space-time statistics of a linear dynamical energy cascade model
Creators: name: Apolinário, Gabriel B.
name: Chevillard, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A linear dynamical model for the development of the turbulent energy cascade was introduced in Apolinário \emph{et al} (J. Stat. Phys. \textbf{186}, 15 (2022)). This partial differential equation, randomly stirred by a forcing term which is smooth in space and delta-correlated in time, was shown to converge at infinite time towards a state of finite variance, without the aid of viscosity. Furthermore, the spatial profile of its solution gets rough, with the same regularity as a fractional Gaussian field. We here focus on the temporal behavior and derive explicit asymptotic predictions for the correlation function in time of this solution and observe that their regularity is not influenced by the spatial regularity of the problem, only by the correlation in time of the stirring contribution. We also show that the correlation in time of the solution depends on the position, contrary to its correlation in space at fixed times. We then investigate the influence of a forcing which is correlated in time on the spatial and time statistics of this equation. In this situation, while for small correlation times the homogeneous spatial statistics of the white-in-time case are recovered, for large correlation times homogeneity is broken, and a concentration around the origin of the system is observed in the velocity profiles. In other words, this fractional velocity field is a representation in one-dimension, through a linear dynamical model, of the self-similar velocity fields proposed by Kolmogorov in 1941, but only at fixed times, for a delta-correlated forcing, in which case the spatial statistics is homogeneous and rough, as expected of a turbulent velocity field. The regularity in time of turbulence, however, is not captured by this model.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Garcinia cowa bark extract induces oxidative stress mediated cellular apoptosis in Leishmania donovani parasite modulated by its active phytosterol constituent
Creators: name: Pyne, Nibedita
name: Bhattacharya, Ishita
name: Paul, Santanu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Visceral leishmaniasis still remains a leading cause of parasitic deaths, with modern pentavalent antimonials showing limited efficacy and health risks. The methanolic bark extract of the Northeastern Indian plant, Garcinia cowa, demonstrated potent leishmanicidal effects against the parasite Leishmania donovani, demonstrating IC50 values of 20–36 µg/ml, with selective toxicity for parasites over healthy cells. It induced parasite death through elevated oxidative and nitrosative stress elements, reduced arginase activity, nuclear fragmentation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. A GC-MS study and molecular docking identified stigmasterol as a primary component, an antileishmanial compound that inhibits Leishmania donovani parasite efficiently.
Building Interpretable Models for Business Process Prediction using Shared and Specialised Attention Mechanisms
Creators: name: Wickramanayake, Bemali
name: He, Zhipeng
name: Ouyang, Chun
name: Moreira, Catarina
name: Xu, Yue
name: Sindhgatta, Renuka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the "black-box" problem in predictive process analytics by building interpretable models that are capable to inform both what and why is a prediction. Predictive process analytics is a newly emerged discipline dedicated to providing business process intelligence in modern organisations. It uses event logs, which capture process execution traces in the form of multi-dimensional sequence data, as the key input to train predictive models. These predictive models, often built upon deep learning techniques, can be used to make predictions about the future states of business process execution. We apply attention mechanism to achieve model interpretability. We propose i) two types of attentions: event attention to capture the impact of specific process events on a prediction, and attribute attention to reveal which attribute(s) of an event influenced the prediction; and ii) two attention mechanisms: shared attention mechanism and specialised attention mechanism to reflect different design decisions in when to construct attribute attention on individual input features (specialised) or using the concatenated feature tensor of all input feature vectors (shared). These lead to two distinct attention-based models, and both are interpretable models that incorporate interpretability directly into the structure of a process predictive model. We conduct experimental evaluation of the proposed models using real-life dataset, and comparative analysis between the models for accuracy and interpretability, and draw insights from the evaluation and analysis results.
description: Accepted manuscripts; 40 pages, 22 figures, 13 tables
Characterization of metabolic profile of Dazhu Hongjingtian and evaluation of its anti-hypoxic constituents
Creators: name: Ou, Chun-Yan
name: Gao, Xia
name: Wang, Jia-Jia
name: Chen, Xia-Lin
name: Cao, Liang
name: Wang, Zhen-Zhong
name: Zhang, Chen-Feng
name: Xiao, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Dazhu Hongjingtian (DZ) is renowned for its diverse pharmacological activities, yet its metabolic pathways remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, the metabolic profile after oral administration of DZ extract (DZE) in rats was systematically identified by the UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS method for the first time. A total of 94 components, including 32 prototypes and 62 metabolites, were tentatively characterized in rat plasma and various tissues samples. Furthermore, 6 constituents (salidroside, quercetin, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, p-tyrosol, and gallic acid) derived from plasma prototypes were identified as bioactive by assessing cell viabilities of OGD-injured RSC96 cells.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of Annona reticulata extract: molecular docking, dynamics, and ADMET properties for cancer treatment and anti-inflammatory activity
Creators: name: Thangaraj, Pratheep
name: Gayathiri, Ekambaram
name: Prakash, Palanisamy
name: Viswanathan, Dhivya
name: Rahaman, Mostafizur
name: Pandiaraj, Saravanan
name: S, Nagarajan.
name: Anantharaman, Rekha
name: Govindasamy, Rajakumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Colorectal cancer remains a global health challenge, prompting the exploration of natural compounds for treatment. Annona reticulata shows promise as a source of activity biomolecules. This study analyzed the dynamics, molecular docking and ADMET properties of the extract, highlighting interaction with inflammatory protein. Key findings include compounds with binding energies of −9.61 and −9.01 kcal/mol for 5fia and 7cx2 receptors. Simulations over 100 ns assessed RMSD, RMSF, SASA, and H-bonding, confirming stability and favorable ADME/toxicity profiles. These results highlight A. reticulata as a promising candidate for developing anti-inflammatory and anticancer drugs.
Speed limits for two-qubit gates with weakly anharmonic qubits
Creators: name: Ashhab, Sahel
name: Yoshihara, Fumiki
name: Fuse, Tomoko
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Lupascu, Adrian
name: Semba, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the implementation of two-qubit gates when the physical systems used to realize the qubits possess additional quantum states in the accessible energy range. We use optimal control theory to determine the maximum achievable gate speed for two-qubit gates in the qubit subspace of the many-level Hilbert space, and we analyze the effect of the additional quantum states on the gate speed. We identify two competing mechanisms. On one hand, higher energy levels are generally more strongly coupled to each other. Under suitable conditions, this stronger coupling can be utilized to make two-qubit gates significantly faster than the reference value based on simple qubits. On the other hand, a weak anharmonicity constrains the speed at which the system can be adequately controlled: according to the intuitive picture, faster operations require stronger control fields, which are more likely to excite higher levels in a weakly anharmonic system, which in turn leads to faster decoherence and uncontrolled leakage outside the qubit space. In order to account for this constraint, we modify the pulse optimization algorithm to avoid pulses that lead to appreciable population of the higher levels. In this case we find that the presence of the higher levels can lead to a significant reduction in the maximum achievable gate speed. We also compare the optimal-control gate speeds with those obtained using the cross-resonance/selective-darkening gate protocol. We find that the latter, with some parameter optimization, can be used to achieve a relatively fast implementation of the CNOT gate. These results can help the search for optimized gate implementations in realistic quantum computing architectures, such as those based on superconducting circuits. They also provide guidelines for desirable conditions on anharmonicity that allow optimal utilization of the higher levels to achieve fast quantum gates.
description: 14 pages (two-column), 6 figures
Time-resolved physical spectrum in cavity quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Makoto
name: Lyasota, Alexey
name: Yuge, Tatsuro
name: Ota, Yasutomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-resolved physical spectrum of luminescence is theoretically studied for a standard cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In contrast to the power spectrum for the steady state, the correlation functions up to the present time are crucial for the construction of the time-resolved spectrum, while the correlations with future quantities are inaccessible because of the causality, i.e., the future quantities cannot be measured until the future comes. We find that this causality plays a key role to understand the time-resolved spectrum, in which the Rabi doublet can never be seen during the time of the first peak of the Rabi oscillation. Furthermore, the causality can influence on the transient magnitude of the Rabi doublet in some situations. We also study the dynamics of the Fano anti-resonance, where the difference from the Rabi doublet can be highlighted.
Meroterpenoids from Rhododendron racemosum and their anti-inflammatory activities
Creators: name: Liu, Si-Xuan
name: Dai, Si-Yang
name: Lu, Yong-Fu
name: Guo, Chun-Lin
name: Li, Chang
name: Yang, Yi-Hui
name: Pei, Yue-Hu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Three meroterpenoids, including one new compound, ranhuadujuanine E (1), one new natural product, methyl (E)-3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (2), and one known compound, ranhuadujuanine D (3), along with two known sesquiterpenoids (4-5) were isolated from Rhododendron racemosum. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of C-6’ in compound 1 was assigned by using Snatzke’s method. Compounds 1-3 had inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO release in RAW264.7 cells.
Building better spin models for merging binary black holes: Evidence for non-spinning and rapidly spinning nearly aligned sub-populations
Creators: name: Galaudage, Shanika
name: Talbot, Colm
name: Nagar, Tushar
name: Jain, Deepnika
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Mandel, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work paints a conflicting portrait of the distribution of black hole spins in merging binaries measured with gravitational waves. Some analyses find that a significant fraction of merging binaries contain at least one black hole with a spin tilt $>90^\circ$ with respect to the orbital angular momentum vector, which has been interpreted as a signature for dynamical assembly. Other analyses find the data are consistent with a bimodal population in which some binaries contain black holes with negligible spin while the rest contain black holes with spin vectors preferentially aligned with the orbital angular momentum vector. In this work, we scrutinize models for the distribution of black hole spins to pinpoint possible failure modes in which the model yields a faulty conclusion. We reanalyze data from the second LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-2) using a revised spin model, which allows for a sub-population of black holes with negligible spins. In agreement with recent results by Roulet et al., we show that the GWTC-2 detections are consistent with two distinct sub-populations. We estimate that $29-75\%$ (90\% credible interval) of merging binaries contain black holes with negligible spin $χ\approx 0$. The remaining binaries are part of a second sub-population in which the spin vectors are preferentially (but not exactly) aligned to the orbital angular momentum. The black holes in this second sub-population are characterized by spins of $χ\sim0.45$. We suggest that the inferred spin distribution is consistent with the hypothesis that all merging binaries form via the field formation scenario.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
A theory of reflective X-ray multilayer structures with graded period and its applications
Creators: name: Feshchenko, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a theory of reflective X-ray multilayer structures with a graded (slowly varying) period based on the coupled waves method and quasi-classical asymptotic expansions is reported. A number of exact solutions of the coupled wave equations is obtained and analyzed demonstrating suitability of this method for the description of the reflective properties of the graded multilayers. The developed theory is then used as a basis for the solution of the inverse problem, i.e. designing multilayer structures with a pre-specified reflectivity dependence on the wavelength or grazing angle. A number numerical experiments is conducted to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method in designing reflective multilayer coatings with an arbitrary shape of the reflectivity curve. The problem of maximization of the integral reflectivity is considered and a second order differential equation, which solutions correspond to multilayer structures with the maximal reflectivity, is derived. Finally, an upper limit on the integral reflectivity achievable with a graded multilayer is estimated.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to Journal Russian Laser Research
Geometric phases distinguish entangled states in wormhole quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Nogueira, Flavio S.
name: Banerjee, Souvik
name: Dorband, Moritz
name: Meyer, René
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Erdmenger, Johanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a relation between entanglement in simple quantum mechanical qubit systems and in wormhole physics as considered in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We show that in both cases, states with the same entanglement structure, indistinguishable by any local measurement, nevertheless are characterized by a different Berry phase. This feature is experimentally accessible in coupled qubit systems where states with different Berry phase are related by unitary transformations. In the wormhole case, these transformations are identified with a time evolution of one of the two throats.
description: v1: 8 pages, 2 figures v2: improved the discussion of the gravity calculation, added other minor corrections; version matches the one accepted for publication in PRD
Competing multipolar orders in a face-centered cubic lattice: Application to the osmium double perovskites
Creators: name: Churchill, Derek
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 5$d^2$ Mott insulators with strong spin-orbit coupling, the lowest pseudospin states form a non-Kramers doublet, which carries quadrupolar and octupolar moments. A family of double perovskites where magnetic ions form a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice was suggested to unveil an octupolar order offering a rare example in $d$-orbital systems. The proposed order requires a ferromagnetic (FM) octupolar interaction, since the antiferromagnetic (AFM) Ising model is highly frustrated on the fcc lattice. A microscopic model was recently derived for various lattices: for an edge-sharing octahedra geometry, AFM Ising octupolar and bond-dependent quadrupolar interactions were found when only dominant inter- and intraorbital hopping integrals were taken into account. Here we investigate all possible intra- and interorbital exchange processes and report that interference of two intraorbital exchanges generates a FM octupolar interaction. Applying the strong-coupling expansion results together with tight-binding parameters obtained by density functional theory, we estimate the exchange interactions for the osmium double perovskites, Ba$_2$BOsO$_6$ (B=Mg,Cd, and Ca). Using classical Monte Carlo simulations, we find that these systems are close to the phase boundary between AFM type-I quadrupole and FM octupole orders. We also find that exchange processes beyond second-order perturbation theory including virtual processes via pseudospin-triplet states may stabilize an octupolar order.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, published version
The tragedy of the commons and prisoner
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Maintenance of cooperative traits is a critical question in evolutionary theory, especially when the social dilemma, generated by the interface between cooperators and cheaters, is invoked. Since the 1960s, a large body of literature has focused on this topic and suggested various solutions. However, despite the great effort of evolutionary biologists, the arguments advanced are only partial and never seem to offer a conclusive answer. Nevertheless, it seems that the only generalizable solution is ‘consciousintervention’ as illustrated in the article. The findings implied by the following theoretical analysis have important therapeutic applications. They also represent a promising direction for future studies on invasive engineered ‘cheaters’ having plasmids carrying self-interested traits invading biofilms of pathogenic bacteria ‘cooperators’. In fact, this perspective approach can be extended to the treatment of viral diseases and cancer
Lepto-axiogenesis in minimal SUSY KSVZ model
Creators: name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Raby, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the lepto-axiogenesis scenario in the minimal supersymmetric KSVZ axion model. Only one Peccei-Quinn (PQ) field and vector-like fields are introduced besides the MSSM with the type-I see-saw mechanism. The PQ field is stabilized by the radiative correction induced by the Yukawa couplings with the vector-like fields introduced in the KSVZ model. We develop a way to follow the dynamics of the PQ field, in particular we found a semi-analytical solution which describes the rotational motion under the logarithmic potential with including the thermalization effect via the gluon scattering which preserves the PQ symmetry. Based on the solution, we studied the baryon asymmetry, the effective number of neutrino, and the dark matter density composed of the axion and the neutralino. We found that the baryon asymmetry is successfully explained when the mass of PQ field is $\mathcal{O}({10^6~\mathrm{GeV}})$ ($\mathcal{O}({10^5~\mathrm{GeV}})$) with the power of the PQ breaking term being $10$ ($8$).
description: 28 pages, 8 figures and 1 table.: v2 minor corrections and references added: v3 matched to published version, 2 appendices added
The tragedy of the commons and prisoner's dilemma may improve our realization of the theory of life and provide us with advanced therapeutic ways
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Maintenance of cooperative traits is a critical question in evolutionary theory, especially when the social dilemma, generated by the interface between cooperators and cheaters, is invoked. Since the 1960s, a large body of literature has focused on this topic and suggested various solutions. However, despite the great effort of evolutionary biologists, the arguments advanced are only partial and never seem to offer a conclusive answer. Nevertheless, it seems that the only generalizable solution is ‘consciousintervention’ as illustrated in the article. The findings implied by the following theoretical analysis have important therapeutic applications. They also represent a promising direction for future studies on invasive engineered ‘cheaters’ having plasmids carrying self-interested traits invading biofilms of pathogenic bacteria ‘cooperators’. In fact, this perspective approach can be extended to the treatment of viral diseases and cancer
Magnetoelectric effect in hydrogen harvesting: magnetic field as a trigger of catalytic reactions
Creators: name: Kim, Donghoon
name: Efe, Ipek
name: Torlakcik, Harun
name: Terzopoulou, Anastasia
name: Picazo, Andrea Veciana
name: Siringil, Erdem
name: Mushtaq, Fajer
name: Franco, Carlos
name: Puigmartí-Luis, Josep
name: Nelson, Bradley
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
name: Gattinoni, Chiara
name: Chen, Xiangzhong
name: Pané, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields have been regarded as an additional stimulus for electro- and photocatalytic reactions, but not as a direct trigger for catalytic processes. Multiferroic/magnetoelectric materials, whose electrical polarization and surface charges can be magnetically altered, are especially suitable for triggering and control of catalytic reactions solely with magnetic fields. Here, we demonstrate that magnetic fields can be employed as an independent input energy source for hydrogen harvesting by means of the magnetoelectric effect. Composite multiferroic CoFe2O4-BiFeO3 core-shell nanoparticles act as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that is triggered when an alternating magnetic field is applied to an aqueous dispersion of the magnetoelectric nanocatalysts. Based on density functional calculations, we propose that the hydrogen evolution is driven by changes in the ferroelectric polarization direction of BiFeO3 caused by the magnetoelectric coupling. We believe our findings will open new avenues towards magnetically induced renewable energy harvesting.
description: 26pages including supplementary information, 4 figures
Culcinoside E, a new sulfated steroidal biglycoside from the starfish Culcita novaeguineae
Creators: name: Vien, Le Thi
name: Hanh, Tran Thi Hong
name: Quang, Tran Hong
name: Ngai, Nguyen Dang
name: Ha, Dao Viet
name: Cuong, Nguyen Xuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Using various chromatographic separations, six steroid glycoside derivatives, including one new compound named culcinoside E (1), were isolated from the methanol extract of the starfish Culcita novaeguineae. Their structures were confirmed by detailed analysis of the 1D, 2D NMR, and HR ESI QTOF mass spectra. Among isolated compounds, culcinoside E (1), diplasterioside A (5), and thornasteroside A (6) inhibited growth of Enterococcus faecalis, whereas culcitoside C1 (3) was active on Candida albicans.
Degrees of Kalman varieties of tensors
Creators: name: Shahidi, Zahra
name: Sodomaco, Luca
name: Ventura, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N07, 14N05, 14N10, 15A69, 15A18

description: Kalman varieties of tensors are algebraic varieties consisting of tensors whose singular vector $k$-tuples lay on prescribed subvarieties. They were first studied by Ottaviani and Sturmfels in the context of matrices. We extend recent results of Ottaviani and the first author to the partially symmetric setting. We describe a generating function whose coefficients are the degrees of these varieties and we analyze its asymptotics, providing analytic results à la Zeilberger and Pantone. We emphasize the special role of isotropic vectors in the spectral theory of tensors and describe the totally isotropic Kalman variety as a dual variety.
description: 23 pages. Version accepted for publication on Journal of Symbolic Computation, Special Issue "MEGA2021"
title: Wissensmanagement in der Sichtbetontechnologie
Creators: name: Linnebacher, Daniela
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: Das Primärziel der Forschungsarbeit, welche mit der vorliegenden Dissertation dokumentiert ist, besteht in der Verbesserung des Wissensmanagements in der Sichtbetontechnologie. Diese Zielsetzung ist untergliedert in die Weiterentwicklung der Prozesse zur Herstellung von Sichtbetonbauteilen durch Wissensgewinnung sowie in die Entwicklung eines Wissensmanagements für die Sichtbetontechnologie zur Verbesserung der Strukturierung, Konservierung und Bereitstellung von Wissen. Mit der Zielsetzung der Wissensgewinnung soll der Kernprozess der Bauausführung von Sichtbetonbauteilen für alle Projektbeteiligten verbessert werden. Darüber hinaus soll Wissen zu dem vorgelagerten Prozess der Arbeitsvorbereitung sowie dem nachgelagerten Prozess der Abnahme generiert werden. Hierzu sind zunächst die Abbildung des Stands der Forschung sowie die Identifikation der daraus resultierenden Wissenslücken erforderlich, anschließend werden ausgewählte Forschungsvorhaben zur Wissensgewinnung angestrebt. Ziel ist die Identifikation neuer Ursache-Wirkungs-Zusammenhänge und die Dokumentation bisher unbekannter Arbeitssysteme zur Weiterentwicklung der Prozesse zur Herstellung von Sichtbetonbauteilen. Die ergänzende Ermittlung von Aufwandswerten soll eine bessere Planung und Kalkulation von Bauteilen mit Sichtbetonanforderungen ermöglichen. Die Entwicklung von Checklisten für die Überwachung der Prozesse bei der Herstellung von Sichtbetonbauteilen soll das Qualitätsmanagement bei der Ausführung unterstützen. Mit der Entwicklung eines Wissensmanagements für die Sichtbetontechnologie sollen das vorhandene Wissen und die zusätzlich im Rahmen der Forschung gewonnenen Erkenntnisse im Themenkomplex Sichtbetontechnologie für eine effektive und effiziente Nutzung strukturiert und konserviert werden. Dafür ist zunächst eine Analyse zur Feststellung der Anforderungen an ein Wissensmanagementsystem für die Sichtbetontechnologie erforderlich. Anschließend wird ein modulares Wissensmanagementsystem entwickelt, das den individuellen Anforderungen der verschiedenen Bauunternehmen entsprechend zusammengesetzt werden kann und das Wissen für die Nutzung bereitstellt. Darüber hinaus wird als wissenschaftlicher Ansatz zur Strukturierung des Wissens und zur Verbesserung der Wiederauffindung eine Ontologie für die Sichtbetontechnologie entwickelt.
Experimental Determination and Theoretical Prediction of Effective Thermal Conductivity of Porous Media
Creators: name: Mohanty, Sitakanta
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1993
Subjects: Porous media
Thermal conductivity

description: The objectives of this study are two-fold: a) to develop an experimental method for the accurate determination of thermal conductivity of fluid saturated porous media and b) to predict the experimental results through microscopic scale modeling. A steady-state apparatus has been designed, tested, and implemented for obtaining thermal conductivity with improved accuracy by minimizing heat losses. The apparatus is capable of measuring thermal conductivity at various fluid saturation conditions. The steady-state apparatus has also been modified for transient measurements to obtain thermal diffusivity. The thermal conductivity of the consolidated rocks show strong sensitivity to the type of saturating fluid. An attempt has been taken to construct a 3-D numerical model of a porous medium based on available 2-D information such as a thin-section by using indicator simulation algorithm. Results from this study indicates that the consolidated porous media is too complex to be represented by a few statistics. A recursive model based on the concept of real space renormalization group has been developed to predict macroscopic properties by using the parameters characterizing the microscopic details. The macroscopic thermal conductivity was found to be relatively insensitive to the heterogeneity in the isotropically correlated systems even at large conductivity ratios of the individual components. The macroscopic thermal conductivity is a strong function of the aspect ratio describing heterogeneity in the anisotropically correlated systems even at small conductivity ratios of the components. A random walk model has been developed to calculate conductivity of extremely large systems with small correlation structures and with any number of components. A qualitative study on the effect of multiphase fluid saturation on the effective thermal conductivity has been conducted by using a thin section. Multiphase fluid saturation has been numerically generated by using Monte Carlo annealing algorithm. The effect of fluid saturation is not monotonic as has been commonly believed so far. Comparison between experimental results and the results from the numerical studies using spherepacks revealed that convective heat transfer may be a much stronger problem in experimental methods than ordinarily believed.
A Scoping Review of the Relationships Between Quality Assurance, Accreditation and Program Evaluation in Higher Education
Creators: name: Findlay, Shannon
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: program evaluation
accreditation
quality assurance
higher education

description: Quality assurance is a term used broadly across many professions and what it encompasses varies. This scoping review studies what is known of the relationships between quality assurance (QA), program evaluation, and accreditation in the higher education literature and what gaps exist that could benefit from additional research. The results of this study suggest that accreditation can be part of QA processes, as can program evaluation, but there is a paucity of research that explicitly addresses the relationships between the three concepts. More research is required to describe the relationships between the concepts, and it is suggested that this be done relative to professions.
Silage bale detection for the «Cultivable Area» update of the Cantonal Agricultural Office, Thurgau
Creators: name: Meyer, Adrian F.
name: Jordan, Denis
Publisher: name: Institut Geomatik, Hochschule für Architektur, Bau und Geomatik FHNW
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agriculture
subject: Object detection
subject: Monitoring
subject: Administration
subject: Subsidy payments
subject: Cadastral
subject: Mask - RCNN
subject: Aerial imagery
subject: Remote sensing
subject: 600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: In Switzerland direct subsidies are paid to farms for sustainable agricultural practice. The cultivable agricultural area layer (German: Landwirtschaftliche Nutzfläche, LN) serves as an annual basis for the calculation of these contributions at the Swiss cantonal agricultural offices. Material deposits like silage bale stacks are usually excluded from the LN. Therefore, the canton of Thurgau could profit from a spatial vector layer indicating locations and area consumption extent of silage bale stacks intersecting with the LN perimeter.
Synergetic effect of hybrid surface treatment on the mechanical properties of adhesively bonded AA2024-T3 joints
Creators: name: Özakin, Batuhan
name: Gültekin, Kürşat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Improving the surface properties of AA2024-T3 aluminium alloys is crucial for achieving durable and sustainable joints. For this purpose, AA2024-T3 alloys were first sandblasted at 4, 5 and 6 bar pressures using aluminium oxide and glass sphere abrasives. Then, the sandblasted samples were subjected to the chemical surface treatment resulting in a hybrid surface process. The surface properties of sandblasted and hybrid surface-treated AA2024-T3 alloys were characterised by 3D image analysis, contact angle and roughness measurement. Additionally, single-lap joints were fabricated using adhesives with low and high viscosity. The effect of changes in the viscosity of adhesives and the surface properties of the AA2024-T3 on the mechanical properties of the joints has been analysed in detail. It was found that both sandblasting and hybrid surface treatments applied to AA2024-T3 alloys caused significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the joints. AA2024-T3 alloys, which were chemically surface treated after being sandblasted with glass spheres at 6 bar pressure, were joined using low and high viscosity adhesives, and the failure load of these joints increased by approximately 110% and 68%, respectively, compared to untreated samples. In the case of aluminium oxide usage, the increase rates were determined to be 93% and 43%.
Compound FLZ attenuates neuroinflammation through inhibiting Src/PTEN/Akt signaling pathway
Creators: name: Li, Fang-Fang
name: Zheng, Yuan-Peng
name: Li, Gen
name: Yang, Yang
name: Ma, Jing-Wei
name: Zang, Cai-Xia
name: Tao, Deng
name: Li, Li
name: Bao, Xiu-Qi
name: Zhang, Dan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Compound FLZ has neuroprotective effects on Parkinson’s disease (PD), while the precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found that FLZ decreased PTEN/Akt activity in LPS-challenged BV2 cells. Neuroinflammatory responses suppressed by FLZ were abolished when PTEN or Src was inhibited. Additionally, FLZ weakened the interactions of Src and PTEN, and attenuated Src phosphorylation once PETN was inhibited, but failed to decrease PTEN phosphorylation when Src was silenced. Eventually, we elaborated that FLZ bound to Src directly and inhibited its activity. Collectively, FLZ attenuated neuroinflammation through inhibiting Src/PTEN/Akt pathway, paving the way for clinical use of FLZ to treat PD.
Pseudogauge dependence of the spin polarization and of the axial vortical effect
Creators: name: Buzzegoli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean spin polarization vector of spin 1/2 particles in a relativistic fluid at local thermal equilibrium (LTE) in different pseudogauges (PGs), i.e., with different choices for the decomposition of orbital and spin angular momentum, is obtained. The spin polarization obtained in the canonical PG differs from the one obtained in the Belinfante PG. It is found that this difference can not be written by replacing the thermal vorticity with the spin potential in the usual polarization formula. Other PG choices affect the contribution of thermal shear to the spin polarization. Therefore, the choice of a PG affects the predictions for the polarization measured in heavy-ion collisions. In general, it is shown that the Wigner function of a noninteracting Dirac field at LTE is affected by the PG transformations. Explicit expressions of the mean axial current are also calculated and it is found that even the axial vortical effect conductivity depends on the PG.
description: 14 pages, Final proofread version published in PRC
Accelerated consensus in multi-agent networks via memory of local averages
Creators: name: Bhaskar, Aditya
name: Rangarajan, Shriya
name: Shree, Vikram
name: Campbell, Mark
name: Parise, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Classical mathematical models of information sharing and updating in multi-agent networks use linear operators. In the paradigmatic DeGroot model, agents update their states with linear combinations of their neighbors' current states. In prior work, an accelerated averaging model employing the use of memory has been suggested to accelerate convergence to a consensus state for undirected networks. There, the DeGroot update on the current states is followed by a linear combination with the previous states. We propose a modification where the DeGroot update is applied to the current and previous states and is then followed by a linear combination step. We show that this simple modification applied to undirected networks permits convergence even for periodic networks. Further, it allows for faster convergence than the DeGroot and accelerated averaging models for suitable networks and model parameters.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, paper accepted to 60th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2021
Einzelfallorientierte Forschung in Logopädie/Sprachtherapie. Ein Tagungsbericht
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Schulz-Kirchner
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Logopädie
subject: Sprachtherapie
subject: Einzelfallorientierte Forschung
subject: Forschungsmethode
subject: single-case-design
subject: 610

description: Die Einzelfallforschung hat eine lange Tradition und Bedeutung für Disziplinen, die sich durch ein einzelfallorientiertes Vorgehen auszeichnen. Für die Logopädie/Sprachtherapie kann sowohl die Forschung, welche Evidenz von Maßnahmen darstellen soll, als auch die evidenzbasierten Praxis von diesem Forschungsdesign profitieren. Das Werk liefert einen Einblick in die aktuelle Diskussion der einzelfallorientierten Forschung in der Logopädie/Sprachtherapie und basiert auf den Erkenntnissen eines gleichnamigen Symposiums im September 2022. Es werden im ersten Teil zunächst einzelfallorientierte Forschungsprojekte vorgestellt, die beispielhaft das methodische Vorgehen abbilden. Danach liefern im zweiten Teil einschlägig versierte Fachleute Beiträge zu methodologischen Aspekten der Einzelfallforschung. Dadurch werden grundsätzliche erkenntnistheoretische und paradigmatische Diskussionen angeregt. Im dritten Teil werden diese Grundsatzdiskussionen durch die inhaltsanalytische Zusammenfassung der Kleingruppengespräche, die während des Symposiums zwischen allen Teilnehmenden stattfanden, dargestellt.
Multi-target anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of flavonoids from Varthemia iphionoides Boiss. & C. I. Blanche
Creators: name: Al-Aboudi, Amal
name: Abu Zarga, Musa
name: Hourani, Wafa
name: Al-Rahmoni, Aisha
name: Jabeen, Almas
name: Choudhary, M. Iqbal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Chronic inflammation plays a central role in the onset of many diseases, whereas long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs is often associated with harmful side effects. This study examined the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of seven flavonoids isolated from Varthemia iphionoides Boiss. & C. I. Blanche: jaceidin (1), kumatakenin (2), 4’-hydroxy-3,5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone (3), santin (4), quercetin-3,3’-dimethyl ether (5), viscosine (6), and isokaempferide (7). Compounds 1, 5 and 6 showed potent inhibition of ROS (IC50 in µM: 1.0, 1.7, and 11.4 in whole blood; 7.4, <0.3, and 9.9 in PMNs, respectively). All compounds, except compound 2, reduced NO• production (IC50: 9.1-26.9 µM). Compounds 3, 5 and 6 selectively inhibited COX-1. Most compounds exhibited low toxicity in BJ fibroblasts, whereas compound 5 showed potent and selective cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cells. These findings highlight the multi-targeted anti-inflammatory potential of flavonoids, particularly compound 5, as a promising lead for research against inflammation-related diseases, including cancer.
Positive effects of Red Bull® energy drink on driving performance during prolonged driving
Creators: name: Mets, Monique A. J.
name: Ketzer, Sander
name: Blom, Camilla
name: Van Gerven, Maartje H.
name: Van Willigenburg, Gitta M.
name: Olivier, Berend
name: Verster, Joris
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: The purpose of this study was to examine if Red Bull® Energy Drink can counteract sleepiness and driving impairment during prolonged driving. Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers participated in this double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. After 2 h of highway driving in the STISIM driving simulator, subjects had a 15-min break and consumed Red Bull® Energy Drink (250 ml) or placebo (Red Bull® Energy Drink without the functional ingredients: caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, B vitamins (niacin, pantothenic acid, B6, B12), and inositol) before driving for two additional hours. A third condition comprised 4 h of uninterrupted driving. Primary parameter was the standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP), i.e., the weaving of the car. Secondary parameters included SD speed, subjective driving quality, sleepiness, and mental effort to perform the test. Results: No significant differences were observed during the first 2 h of driving. Red Bull® Energy Drink significantly improved driving relative to placebo: SDLP was significantly reduced during the 3rd (p<0.046) and 4th hour of driving (p<0.011). Red Bull® Energy Drink significantly reduced the standard deviation of speed (p<0.004), improved subjective driving quality (p<0.0001), and reduced mental effort to perform the test (p<0.024) during the 3rd hour of driving. Subjective sleepiness was significantly decreased during both the 3rd and 4th hour of driving after Red Bull® Energy Drink (p<0.001 and p<0.009, respectively). Relative to uninterrupted driving, Red Bull® Energy Drink significantly improved each parameter. Conclusion: Red Bull® Energy Drink significantly improves driving performance and reduces driver sleepiness during prolonged highway driving.
A Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Highly-Accurate Energies and Benchmarks for Bicyclic Systems
Creators: name: Loos, Pierre-François
name: Jacquemin, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pursuing our efforts to define highly-accurate estimates of the relative energies of excited states in organic molecules, we investigate, with coupled-cluster methods including iterative triples (CC3 and CCSDT), the vertical excitation energies of 10 bicyclic molecules (azulene, benzoxadiazole, benzothiadiazole, diketopyrrolopyrrole, fuofuran, phthalazine, pyrrolopyrrole, quinoxaline, tetrathiafulvalene, and thienothiophene). In total, we provide \emph{aug}-cc-pVTZ reference vertical excitation energies for 91 excited states of these relatively large systems. We use these reference values to benchmark various wave function methods, i.e., CIS(D), EOM-MP2, CC2, CCSD, STEOM-CCSD, CCSD(T)(a)*, CCSDR(3), CCSDT-3, ADC(2), ADC(2.5), ADC(3), as well as some spin-scaled variants of both CC2 and ADC(2). These results are compared to those obtained previously on smaller molecules. It turns out that while the accuracy of some methods is almost unaffected by system size, e.g., CIS(D) and CC3, the performance of others can significantly deteriorate as the systems grow, e.g., EOM-MP2 and CCSD, whereas others, e.g., ADC(2) and CC2, become more accurate for larger derivatives.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Global Heisenberg scaling in noisy and practical phase estimation
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
name: Liu, Zi-Wen
name: Yuan, Haidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heisenberg scaling characterizes the ultimate precision of parameter estimation enabled by quantum mechanics, which represents an important quantum advantage of both theoretical and technological interest. Here, we study the attainability of strong, global notions of Heisenberg scaling in the fundamental problem of phase estimation, from a practical standpoint. A main message of this work is an asymptotic noise "threshold" for global Heisenberg scaling. We first demonstrate that Heisenberg scaling is fragile to noises in the sense that it cannot be achieved in the presence of phase damping noise with strength above a stringent scaling in the system size. Nevertheless, we show that when the noise does not exceed this threshold, the global Heisenberg scaling in terms of limiting distribution (which we highlight as a practically important figure of merit) as well as average error can indeed be achieved. Furthermore, we provide a practical adaptive protocol using one qubit only, which achieves global Heisenberg scaling in terms of limiting distribution under such noise.