cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Handshake Feedback in Haptic Glove Using Pouch Actuators
Creators: name: Seiya
name: Miki, Norihisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mechanical engineering asset management
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)

description: We propose and demonstrate a haptic device with liquid pouch motors that can simulate a handshake. Because handshakes involve contact of the palms, or soft skin, handshake simulation requires the haptic device to provide pressure onto specific areas of the palm with a soft contact. This can be achieved by thermally driven liquid-pouch motors, which inflate and deflate when a low-boiling-point liquid, here Novec™ 7000, evaporates and condenses, respectively. Due to the simplicity of the soft actuator system, this haptic glove is lightweight and conformable. To design the haptic glove, we experimentally investigated the contact region and force in handshakes, which led to an optimal number, size, and position for the liquid-pouch motors. Sensory experiments with human subjects verified that the designed haptic glove successfully simulated handshakes.
Quantum simulation of the integer factorization problem: Bell states in a Penning trap
Creators: name: Rosales, Jose Luis
name: Martin, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The arithmetic problem of factoring an integer $N$ can be translated into the physics of a quantum device, a result that supports Pólya's and Hilbert's conjecture to prove Riemann's hypothesis. The energies of this system, being univocally related to the factors of $N$, are the eigenvalues of a bounded Hamiltonian. Here we solve the quantum conditions and show that the histogram of the discrete energies, provided by the spectrum of the system, should be interpreted in number theory as the relative probability for a prime to be a factor candidate of $N$. This is equivalent to a quantum sieve that is demonstrated to require only $ o(\log \sqrt N)^3$ energy measurements to solve the problem, recovering Shor's complexity result. Hence, the outcome can be seen as a probability map that a pair of primes solve the given factorization problem. Furthermore, we show that a possible embodiment of this quantum simulator corresponds to two entangled particles in a Penning trap. The possibility to build the simulator experimentally is studied in detail. The results show that factoring numbers, many orders of magnitude larger than those computed with experimentally available quantum computers, is achievable using typical parameters in Penning traps.
Consequences of a wave-correction extended ray dynamics for integrable and chaotic optical microcavities
Creators: name: Stockschläder, Pia
name: Hentschel, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ray optics has proven to be an effcient and versatile tool to describe dielectric optical microcavities and their far-field emission based on the principle of ray-wave correspondence. Whereas often the well-known ray-optics at planar interfaces yields reasonable results, semiclassically and boundary-curvature induced corrections will become more important as the cavity size is further reduced. In this paper we summarize the various ray optics descriptions of optical microresonators, paying in addition special attention to the differences that arise between chaotic vs. non-chaotic (integrable or nearly integrable) resonator geometries, respectively. Whereas the far-field pattern in the chaotic case is known to be determined by the overlap of the unstable manifold with the leaky region, it results from the emission of trajectories with the smallest nonzero decay rates in the non-chaotic situation. We present an enhanced ray optical description, extended by wave-inspired (semiclassical) corrections, and discuss their consequences for the ray dynamics. In particular we find clear indications for the presence of attractors resulting from the non-Hamiltonian character of the extended ray dynamics in phase space. We illustrate their impact on the far-field emission and show that it can considerably differ from the conventional ray description result.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Holographic QCD phase diagram with critical point from Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton dynamics
Creators: name: Knaute, J.
name: Yaresko, R.
name: Kämpfer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supplementing the holographic Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton model of [O. DeWolfe, S.S. Gubser, C. Rosen, Phys. Rev. D83 (2011) 086005; O. DeWolfe, S.S. Gubser, C. Rosen, Phys. Rev. D84 (2011) 126014] by input of lattice QCD data for 2+1 flavors and physical quark masses for the equation of state and quark number susceptibility at zero baryo-chemical potential we explore the resulting phase diagram over the temperature-chemical potential plane. A first-order phase transition sets in at a temperature of about 112 MeV and a baryo-chemical potential of 612 MeV. We estimate the accuracy of the critical point position in the order of approximately 5-8% by considering parameter variations and different low-temperature asymptotics for the second-order quark number susceptibility. The critical pressure as a function of the temperature has a positive slope, i.e. the entropy per baryon jumps up when crossing the phase border line from larger values of temperature/baryo-chemical potential, thus classifying the phase transition as a gas liquid one. The updated holographic model exhibits in- and outgoing isentropes in the vicinity of the first-order phase transition.
description: extended discussions on limitations of the holographic model; typos corrected and refs added; to appear in PLB
Viscous Conformal Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Toniato, Arianna
name: Sannino, Francesco
name: Rischke, Dirk H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the conformal behavior of the shear viscosity-to-entropy density ratio and the fermion-number diffusion coefficient within the perturbative regime of the conformal window for gauge-fermion theories.
Dimension-free $L^p$ estimates for vectors of Riesz transforms associated with orthogonal expansions
Creators: name: Wróbel, Błażej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C10, 42A50, 33C50

description: An explicit Bellman function is used to prove a bilinear embedding theorem for operators associated with general multi-dimensional orthogonal expansions on product spaces. This is then applied to obtain $L^p,$ $1
description: 27 pages, to appear in Analysis & PDE
IPBES VA Chapter 5.2 Systematic review of association between values of nature, NCPs and GQoL and futures in scenarios, visions and pathways
Creators: name: Harmackova, Zuzana
name: Yoshida, Yuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPBES
Values Assessment
Chapter 5

description: IPBES VA Chapter 5. Systematic review of association between values of nature, NCPs and GQoL and futures in scenarios, visions and pathways Code: VA_5.2_Ch5
 Versioning: 03 (17.12.2020) DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4359656
 Description: The objective of this literature review is to explore which values underpin different future scenarios, visions and pathways , and what the futures are in terms of impacts on Nature, NCP and GQoL; in order to achieve this, various data collection activities were carried out to gather different types of data, steps followed are described in turn. As a parallel analysis it will be tracked if there are different types of values of nature (e.g. instrumental, relational) and their dynamics (e.g. singular / plural, level of diversity, dominance of one / balance), associated with particular types of futures (e.g. undesirable / desirable, unsustainable / sustainable, dystopian / utopian). This review aims to contribute useful information for answering the mandate for the Chapter 5 VA that refers to the types of conceptualizations of the value of nature and its benefits to people that have not been explicitly addressed or have not been explicitly incorporated into decision-making.
On the conformal dimension of product measures
Creators: name: Bate, David
name: Orponen, Tuomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C65 (Primary) 28A78 (Secondary)

description: Given a compact set $E \subset \mathbb{R}^{d - 1}$, $d \geq 1$, write $K_{E} := [0,1] \times E \subset \mathbb{R}^{d}$. A theorem of C. Bishop and J. Tyson states that any set of the form $K_{E}$ is minimal for conformal dimension: if $(X,d)$ is a metric space and $f \colon K_{E} \to (X,d)$ is a quasisymmetric homeomorphism, then $$\dim_{\mathrm{H}} f(K_{E}) \geq \dim_{\mathrm{H}} K_{E}.$$ We prove that the measure-theoretic analogue of the result is not true. For any $d \geq 2$ and $0 \leq s < d - 1$, there exist compact sets $E \subset \mathbb{R}^{d - 1}$ with $0 < \mathcal{H}^{s}(E) < \infty$ such that the conformal dimension of $ν$, the restriction of the $(1 + s)$-dimensional Hausdorff measure on $K_{E}$, is zero. More precisely, for any $ε> 0$, there exists a quasisymmetric embedding $F \colon K_{E} \to \mathbb{R}^{d}$ such that $\dim_{\mathrm{H}} F_{\sharp}ν< ε$.
description: 27 pages. v2: incorporated minor referee comments. To appear in Proc. LMS
Noncommutative duality and fermionic quasinormal modes of the BTZ black hole
Creators: name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Jurić, Tajron
name: Samsarov, Andjelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the fermionic quasinormal modes of the BTZ black hole in the presence of space-time noncommutativity. Our analysis exploits a duality between a spinless and spinning BTZ black hole, the spin being proportional to the noncommutative deformation parameter. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence we show that the horizon temperatures obtained from the dual CFT pick up noncommutative contributions. We demonstrate the equivalence between the quasinormal and non-quasinormal modes for the noncommutative fermionic probes, which provides further evidence of holography in the noncommutative setting. Finally we present an analysis of the emission of Dirac fermions and the corresponding tunneling amplitude within this noncommutative framework.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, minor corrections, published in JHEP
IPBES VA Chapter 5. Systematic review of association between values of nature, nature's contributions to people and good quality of life and futures in scenarios, visions and pathways
Creators: name: Harmackova, Zuzana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPBES
Values Assessment
Chapter 5
Pathways
Scenarios

description: IPBES VA Chapter 5. Systematic review of association between values of nature, nature’s contributions to people and good quality of life and futures in scenarios, visions and pathways Code: IPBES_VA_5.2 Versioning: 04 (14.03.2022) DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4359655 Description: This review corresponds to the IPBES Values Assessment Chapter 5. The review explained in this report explores which values underpin different future scenarios, visions and pathways, and what the futures are in terms of impacts on nature, nature’s contributions to people and good quality of life. In order to achieve this, various data collection activities were carried out to gather different types of data. Steps followed are described in turn. A parallel analysis tracked whether there are different types of values of nature (e.g., instrumental, relational) and their dynamics (e.g., singular / plural, level of diversity, dominance of one / balance), associated with particular types of futures (e.g., undesirable / desirable, unsustainable / sustainable, dystopian / utopian). This review aims to contribute useful information for answering the mandate for the Chapter 5 that refers to the types of conceptualizations of the value of nature and its benefits to people that have not been explicitly addressed or have not been explicitly incorporated into decision-making.
Asymptotic Results for Solutions of a weighted p-Laplacian evolution Equation with Neumann Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Nerlich, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 47H20

description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the time behavior of the solution of a weighted $p$-Laplacian evolution equation, given by \begin{align} \label{eveq} \begin{cases} u_{t} = \text{div} \left(γ|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u \right) & \text{on} (0,\infty)\times S, \\ γ|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u\cdotη=0 & \text{on} (0,\infty)\times \partial S, \\ u(0,\cdot)=u_{0} & \text{on} S,\end{cases} \end{align} where $n \in \mathbb{N}\setminus \{1\}$, $p \in (1,\infty)\setminus \{2\}$, $S\subseteq \mathbb{R}^{n}$ is an open, bounded and connected set of class $C^{1}$, $η$ is the unit outer normal on $\partial S $, and $γ: S \rightarrow (0,\infty)$ is a bounded function which can be extended to an $A_{p}$-Muckenhoupt weight on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$. It will be proven that the solution converges in $L^{1}(S)$ to the average of the initial value $u_{0} \in L^{1}(S)$. Moreover, a conservation of mass principle, an extinction principle and a decay rate for the solution will be derived.
description: The final paper is published in NoDEA (August 2017 - Volume 24 Issue 4) at http://link.springer.com
The metal-insulator transition in the organic conductor $β^{\prime\prime}$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Hg(SCN)$_{2}$Cl
Creators: name: Li, Weiwu
name: Rose, Eva
name: Vu, Minh
name: Hüber, Ralph
name: Łapiński, Andrzej
name: Świetlik, Roman
name: Torunova, Svetlana A.
name: Zhilyaeva, Elena I.
name: Lyubovskaya, Rimma N.
name: Dressel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the nature of the metal-insulator transition in $β^{\prime\prime}$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Hg(SCN)$_{2}$Cl by x-ray, electrical transport, ESR, Raman and infrared investigations. Magnetic and vibrational spectroscopy concurrently reveal a gradual dimerization along the stacking direction $a$, setting in already at the crossover temperature of 150K from the metallic to the insulating state. A spin gap $Δ_σ= 47$meV is extracted. From the activated resistivity behavior below 55K a charge gap $Δ_ρ=60$meV is derived. At $T_{\rm CO} = 72$K the C=C vibrational modes reveal the development of a charge-ordered state with a charge disproportionation of $2δ_ρ=0.34e$
Topologically Invariant Double Dirac States in Bismuth based Perovskites: Consequence of Ambivalent Charge States and Covalent Bonding
Creators: name: Khamari, Bramhachari
name: Kashikar, Ravi
name: Nanda, B. R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk and surface electronic structures, calculated using density functional theory and a tight-binding model Hamiltonian, reveal the existence of two topologically invariant (TI) surface states in the family of cubic Bi perovskites (ABiO$_3$; A = Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba). The two TI states, one lying in the valence band (TI-V) and other lying in the conduction band (TI-C) are formed out of bonding and antibonding states of the Bi-$\{$s,p$\}$ - O-$\{$p$\}$ coordinated covalent interaction. Below a certain critical thickness of the film, which varies with A, TI states of top and bottom surfaces couple to destroy the Dirac type linear dispersion and consequently to open surface energy gaps. The origin of s-p band inversion, necessary to form a TI state, classifies the family of ABiO$_3$ into two. For class-I (A = Na, K, Rb, Cs and Mg) the band inversion, leading to TI-C state, is induced by spin-orbit coupling of the Bi-p states and for class-II (A = Ca, Sr and Ba) the band inversion is induced through weak but sensitive second neighbor Bi-Bi interactions.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures. Changes made on V2 (version-2): Minor revision of the text and an additional information is added in the appendix
Higher-Order Operator Precedence Languages
Creators: name: Reghizzi, Stefano Crespi
name: Pradella, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Floyd's Operator Precedence (OP) languages are a deterministic context-free family having many desirable properties. They are locally and parallely parsable, and languages having a compatible structure are closed under Boolean operations, concatenation and star; they properly include the family of Visibly Pushdown (or Input Driven) languages. OP languages are based on three relations between any two consecutive terminal symbols, which assign syntax structure to words. We extend such relations to k-tuples of consecutive terminal symbols, by using the model of strictly locally testable regular languages of order k at least 3. The new corresponding class of Higher-order Operator Precedence languages (HOP) properly includes the OP languages, and it is still included in the deterministic (also in reverse) context free family. We prove Boolean closure for each subfamily of structurally compatible HOP languages. In each subfamily, the top language is called max-language. We show that such languages are defined by a simple cancellation rule and we prove several properties, in particular that max-languages make an infinite hierarchy ordered by parameter k. HOP languages are a candidate for replacing OP languages in the various applications where they have have been successful though sometimes too restrictive.
description: In Proceedings AFL 2017, arXiv:1708.06226
The zeroth law in quasi-homogeneous thermodynamics and black holes
Creators: name: Bravetti, Alessandro
name: Gruber, Christine
name: Lopez-Monsalvo, Cesar S.
name: Nettel, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by black holes thermodynamics, we consider the zeroth law of thermodynamics for systems whose entropy is a quasi-homogeneous function of the extensive variables. We show that the generalized Gibbs-Duhem identity and the Maxwell construction for phase coexistence based on the standard zeroth law are incompatible in this case. We argue that the generalized Gibbs-Duhem identity suggests a revision of the zeroth law which in turns permits to reconsider Maxwell's construction in analogy with the standard case. The physical feasibility of our proposal is considered in the particular case of black holes.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Guidelines for the Annotation of ExtrART: Evaluation Dataset for Entity Extraction from The Lives Of The Artists (1550)
Creators: name: Santini, Cristian
name: Tan, Mary Ann
name: Bruns, Oleksandra
name: Tietz, Tabea
name: Posthumus, Etienne
name: Sack, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: art history
nlp
evaluation
wikidata
iconclass
getty

description: Entity Extraction is a fundamental task for Art-historical texts, due to their potential to enrich already available Knowledge Bases. However, if entities extracted by Entity Extraction tools are often defined via proper names or phrasal constituents which have a referential rather than descriptive nature (e.g., proper names), artifacts, which are described in these texts, are complex objects which are more often referenced using several attributes which have distinct linguistic features (materials, motifs, dates, etc.).
Enhanced interplanetary panspermia in the TRAPPIST-1 system
Creators: name: Lingam, Manasvi
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple model for estimating the probability of interplanetary panspermia in the recently discovered system of seven planets orbiting the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, and find that panspermia is potentially orders of magnitude more likely to occur in the TRAPPIST-1 system compared to the Earth-to-Mars case. As a consequence, we argue that the probability of abiogenesis is enhanced on the TRAPPIST-1 planets compared to the Solar system. By adopting models from theoretical ecology, we show that the number of species transferred and the number of life-bearing planets is also likely to be higher, because of the increased rates of immigration. We propose observational metrics for evaluating whether life was initiated by panspermia on multiple planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system. These results are also applicable to habitable exoplanets and exomoons in other planetary systems.
description: published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 7 pages
Reversible Languages Having Finitely Many Reduced Automata
Creators: name: Gelle, Kitti
name: Iván, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reversible forms of computations are often interesting from an energy efficiency point of view. When the computation device in question is an automaton, it is known that the minimal reversible automaton recognizing a given language is not necessarily unique, moreover, there are languages having arbitrarily large reversible recognizers possessing no nontrivial reversible congruence. However, the exact characterization of this class of languages was open. In this paper we give a forbidden pattern capturing the reversible regular languages having only finitely many reduced reversible automata, allowing an efficient (NL) decision procedure.
description: In Proceedings AFL 2017, arXiv:1708.06226
Kneser graphs are like Swiss cheese
Creators: name: Friedgut, Ehud
name: Regev, Oded
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that for a large family of product graphs, and for Kneser graphs $K(n,αn)$ with fixed $α<1/2$, the following holds. Any set of vertices that spans a small proportion of the edges in the graph can be made independent by removing a small proportion of the vertices of the graph. This allows us to strengthen the results of [DinurFR06] and [DinurF09], and show that any independent set in these graphs is almost contained in an independent set which depends on few coordinates. Our proof is inspired by, and follows some of the main ideas of, Fox's proof of the graph removal lemma [Fox11].
Eisenstein's criterion, Fermat's last theorem, and a conjecture on powerful numbers
Creators: name: Paparella, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D41 (Primary), 11A05, 11C08, 11P32 (Secondary)

description: Given integers $\ell > m >0$, we define monic polynomials $X_n$, $Y_n$, and $Z_n$ with the property that $μ$ is a zero of $X_n$ if and only if the triple $(μ,μ+m,μ+\ell)$ satisfies $x^n + y^n = z^n$. It is shown that the irreducibility of these polynomials implies Fermat's last theorem. It is also shown, in a precise asymptotic sense, that for a vast majority of cases, these polynomials are irreducible via Eisenstein's criterion. We conclude by offering a conjecture on powerful numbers.
A Discrete-to-Continuum Model of Weakly Interacting Incommensurate Chains
Creators: name: Español, Malena
name: Golovaty, Dmitry
name: Wilber, J. Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we use a formal discrete-to-continuum procedure to derive a continuum variational model for two chains of atoms with slightly incommensurate lattices. The chains represent a cross-section of a three-dimensional system consisting of a graphene sheet suspended over a substrate. The continuum model recovers both qualitatively and quantitatively the behavior observed in the corresponding discrete model. The numerical solutions for both models demonstrate the presence of large commensurate regions separated by localized incommensurate domain walls.
Small scale dynamics of a shearless turbulent/non-turbulent interface in dilute polymer solutions
Creators: name: Cocconi, Giacomo
name: De Angelis, Elisabetta
name: Frohnapfel, Bettina
name: Baevsky, Mark
name: Liberzon, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physics of turbulent/non-turbulent interface of an isolated turbulent region in dilute polymer solutions and Newtonian fluid. The performance of a FENE-P model with a localized homogeneous forcing is verified using the specially designed experimental setup of a turbulent patch growing in water/dilute polymer solution, without mean shear and far from the walls. The results of the small scale dynamics of vorticity and strain help to reveal the key mechanism of polymer action in turbulent flows without mean shear. Modified degrees of alignment between vorticity, the polymer conformation and the rate-of-strain tensors found especially near the interface explain the reduced vorticity stretching and increased vorticity compression terms. These small scale alignments in the non-Newtonian turbulent flow thus lead to a reduced production of enstrophy and consequently to a reduced entrainment (seen as propagation or dispersion).
Pseudo-simple heteroclinic cycles in $R^4$
Creators: name: Chossat, Pascal
name: Lohse, Alexander
name: Podvigina, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study pseudo-simple heteroclinic cycles for a $Γ$-equivariant system in $R^4$ with finite $Γ\subset O(4)$, and their nearby dynamics. In particular, in a first step towards a full classification - analogous to that which exists already for the class of simple cycles - we identify all finite subgroups of $O(4)$ admitting pseudo-simple cycles. To this end we introduce a constructive method to build equivariant dynamical systems possessing a robust heteroclinic cycle. Extending a previous study we also investigate the existence of periodic orbits close to a pseudo-simple cycle, which depends on the symmetry groups of equilibria in the cycle. Moreover, we identify subgroups $Γ\subset O(4)$, $Γ\not\subset SO(4)$, admitting fragmentarily asymptotically stable pseudo-simple heteroclinic cycles. (It has been previously shown that for $Γ\subset SO(4)$ pseudo-simple cycles generically are completely unstable.) Finally, we study a generalized heteroclinic cycle, which involves a pseudo-simple cycle as a subset.
description: 49 pages, 7 figures
Lie symmetry analysis of a class of time fractional nonlinear evolution systems
Creators: name: Dorjgotov, Khongorzul
name: Ochiai, Hiroyuki
name: Zunderiya, Uuganbayar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a class of nonlinear evolution systems of time fractional partial differential equations using Lie symmetry analysis. We obtain not only infinitesimal symmetries but also a complete group classification and a classification of group invariant solutions of this class of systems. We find that the class of systems of differential equations studied is naturally divided into two cases on the basis of the type of a function that they contain. In each case, the dimension of the Lie algebra generated by the infinitesimal symmetries is greater than 2, and for this reason we present the structures and one-dimensional optimal systems of these Lie algebras. The reduced systems corresponding to the optimal systems are also obtained. Explicit group invariant solutions are found for particular cases.
description: 14 pages. To appear in Applied Mathematics and Computation
Type-II nodal loops: theory and material realization
Creators: name: Li, Si
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Liu, Ying
name: Guan, Shan
name: Wang, Shan-Shan
name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal loop appears when two bands, typically one electron-like and one hole-like, are crossing each other linearly along a one-dimensional manifold in the reciprocal space. Here we propose a new type of nodal loop which emerges from crossing between two bands which are both electron-like (or hole-like) along certain direction. Close to any point on such loop (dubbed as a type-II nodal loop), the linear spectrum is strongly tilted and tipped over along one transverse direction, leading to marked differences in magnetic, optical, and transport responses compared with the conventional (type-I) nodal loops. We show that the compound K4P3 is an example that hosts a pair of type-II nodal loops close to the Fermi level. Each loop traverses the whole Brillouin zone, hence can only be annihilated in pair when symmetry is preserved. The symmetry and topological protections of the loops as well as the associated surface states are discussed.
Optimal Quantum Metrology of Distant Black Bodies
Creators: name: Pearce, Mark E.
name: Campbell, Earl T.
name: Kok, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of an object's temperature are important in many disciplines, from astronomy to engineering, as are estimates of an object's spatial configuration. We present the quantum optimal estimator for the temperature of a distant body based on the black body radiation received in the far-field. We also show how to perform separable quantum optimal estimates of the spatial configuration of a distant object, i.e. imaging. In doing so we necessarily deal with multi-parameter quantum estimation of incompatible observables, a problem that is poorly understood. We compare our optimal observables to the two mode analogue of lensed imaging and find that the latter is far from optimal, even when compared to measurements which are separable. To prove the optimality of the estimators we show that they minimise the cost function weighted by the quantum Fisher information---this is equivalent to maximising the average fidelity between the actual state and the estimated one.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Lifting from the Deep: Convolutional 3D Pose Estimation from a Single Image
Creators: name: Tome, Denis
name: Russell, Chris
name: Agapito, Lourdes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a unified formulation for the problem of 3D human pose estimation from a single raw RGB image that reasons jointly about 2D joint estimation and 3D pose reconstruction to improve both tasks. We take an integrated approach that fuses probabilistic knowledge of 3D human pose with a multi-stage CNN architecture and uses the knowledge of plausible 3D landmark locations to refine the search for better 2D locations. The entire process is trained end-to-end, is extremely efficient and obtains state- of-the-art results on Human3.6M outperforming previous approaches both on 2D and 3D errors.
description: Paper presented at CVPR 17
Invariant theory of $\bigwedge^3(9)$ and genus 2 curves
Creators: name: Rains, Eric M.
name: Sam, Steven V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60, 15A72

description: Previous work established a connection between the geometric invariant theory of the third exterior power of a 9-dimensional complex vector space and the moduli space of genus 2 curves with some additional data. We generalize this connection to arbitrary fields, and describe the arithmetic data needed to get a bijection between both sides of this story.
description: 20 pages
Shedding light on the small-scale crisis with CMB spectral distortions
Creators: name: Nakama, Tomohiro
name: Chluba, Jens
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small-scale crisis, discrepancies between observations and N-body simulations, may imply suppressed matter fluctuations on subgalactic distance scales. Such a suppression could be caused by some early-universe mechanism (e.g., broken scale invariance during inflation), leading to a modification of the primordial power spectrum at the onset of the radiation-domination era. Alternatively, it may be due to nontrivial dark-matter properties (e.g., new dark-matter interactions or warm dark matter) that affect the matter power spectrum at late times, during radiation domination, after the perturbations re-enter the horizon. We show that early- and late-time suppression mechanisms can be distinguished by measurement of the $μ$ distortion to the frequency spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. This is because the $μ$ distortion is suppressed, if the power suppression is primordial, relative to the value expected from the dissipation of standard nearly scale-invariant fluctuations. We emphasize that the standard prediction of the $μ$ distortion remains unchanged in late-time scenarios even if the dark-matter effects occur before or during the era (redshifts $5\times 10^4 \lesssim z \lesssim 2\times 10^6$) at which $μ$ distortions are generated.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, PRD Rapid Communication, Featured in Physics, Editors' Suggestion
Bound state in the continuum by spatially separated ensembles of atoms in a coupled-cavity array
Creators: name: Fong, P. T.
name: Law, C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic solution of bound states in the continuum (BICs) for photons and atoms in a one-dimensional coupled cavity array. These bound states are formed by two ensembles of twolevel atoms confined in separated cavities of the array. We show that in the regime where the photon hopping rate between neighboring cavities is high compared with the collective Rabi frequency, the BIC corresponds to a subradiant collective atomic state in which the two ensembles of atoms are strongly entangled. On the other hand in the low photon hopping rate regime, the BIC behaves a quantum cavity in which photons can be trapped between the two ensemble of atoms.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Unified Hanani-Tutte theorem
Creators: name: Fulek, Radoslav
name: Kynčl, Jan
name: Pálvölgyi, Dömötör
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2
subject: 05C10, 68R10

description: We introduce a common generalization of the strong Hanani-Tutte theorem and the weak Hanani-Tutte theorem: if a graph $G$ has a drawing $D$ in the plane where every pair of independent edges crosses an even number of times, then $G$ has a planar drawing preserving the rotation of each vertex whose incident edges cross each other evenly in $D$. The theorem is implicit in the proof of the strong Hanani-Tutte theorem by Pelsmajer, Schaefer and Štefankovič. We give a new, somewhat simpler proof.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; minor revision, mostly in the abstract and Section 4
Fracton topological order via coupled layers
Creators: name: Ma, Han
name: Lake, Ethan
name: Chen, Xie
name: Hermele, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we develop a coupled layer construction of fracton topological orders in $d=3$ spatial dimensions. These topological phases have sub-extensive topological ground-state degeneracy and possess excitations whose movement is restricted in interesting ways. Our coupled layer approach is used to construct several different fracton topological phases, both from stacked layers of simple $d=2$ topological phases and from stacks of $d=3$ fracton topological phases. This perspective allows us to shed light on the physics of the X-cube model recently introduced by Vijay, Haah, and Fu, which we demonstrate can be obtained as the strong-coupling limit of a coupled three-dimensional stack of toric codes. We also construct two new models of fracton topological order: a semionic generalization of the X-cube model, and a model obtained by coupling together four interpenetrating X-cube models, which we dub the "Four Color Cube model." The couplings considered lead to fracton topological orders via mechanisms we dub "p-string condensation" and "p-membrane condensation," in which strings or membranes built from particle excitations are driven to condense. This allows the fusion properties, braiding statistics, and ground-state degeneracy of the phases we construct to be easily studied in terms of more familiar degrees of freedom. Our work raises the possibility of studying fracton topological phases from within the framework of topological quantum field theory, which may be useful for obtaining a more complete understanding of such phases.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, published version
Palindromic 3-stage splitting integrators, a roadmap
Creators: name: Campos, Cédric M.
name: Sanz-Serna, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L05 (Primary), 60J22, 65C40, 70F99 (Secondary)

description: The implementation of multi-stage splitting integrators is essentially the same as the implementation of the familiar Strang/Verlet method. Therefore multi-stage formulas may be easily incorporated into software that now uses the Strang/Verlet integrator. We study in detail the two-parameter family of palindromic, three-stage splitting formulas and identify choices of parameters that may outperform the Strang/Verlet method. One of these choices leads to a method of effective order four suitable to integrate in time some partial differential equations. Other choices may be seen as perturbations of the Strang method that increase efficiency in molecular dynamics simulations and in Hybrid Monte Carlo sampling.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
May-Wigner transition in large random dynamical systems
Creators: name: Ipsen, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider stability in a class of random non-linear dynamical systems characterised by a relaxation rate together with a Gaussian random vector field which is white-in-time and spatial homogeneous and isotropic. We will show that in the limit of large dimension there is a stability-complexity phase transition analogue to the so-called May-Wigner transition known from linear models. Our approach uses an explicit derivation of a stochastic description of the finite-time Lyapunov exponents. These exponents are given as a system of coupled Brownian motions with hyperbolic repulsion called geometric Dyson Brownian motions. We compare our results with known models from the literature.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. to appear in J. Stat. Mech
Search for heavy gauge W' bosons in events with an energetic lepton and large missing transverse momentum at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is presented for W' bosons in events with an electron or muon and large missing transverse momentum, using proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV collected with the CMS detector in 2015 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns. No evidence of an excess of events relative to the standard model expectations is observed. For a W' boson described by the sequential standard model, upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction and lower limits are established on the new boson mass. Masses below 4.1 TeV are excluded combining electron and muon decay channels, significantly improving upon the results obtained with the 8 TeV data. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level on the product of the W' production cross section and branching fraction are also derived in combination with the 8 TeV data. Finally, exclusion limits are set for the production of generic W' bosons decaying into this final state using a model-independent approach.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-15-006
Coherence, Asymmetry, and Quantum Macroscopicity
Creators: name: Kwon, Hyukjoon
name: Park, Chae-Yeun
name: Tan, Kok Chuan
name: Ahn, Daekun
name: Jeong, Hyunseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a measure of quantum coherence and its extension to quantify quantum macroscopicity. The coherence measure can also quantify the asymmetry of a quantum state with respect to a given group transformation. We then show that a weighted sum of asymmetry in each mode can be applied as a measure of macroscopic coherence. To exclude the effects of microscopic superpositions, we suggest a method to introduce a cutoff to the weighted sum that will specify the macroscopic portion of the coherence. This cutoff may be interpreted as the fuzziness for a given measurement outcome. Based on the suggested measures, we investigate the quantum macroscopicity for particular concrete examples in N-partite spin systems.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
The stochastic spectator
Creators: name: Hardwick, Robert J.
name: Vennin, Vincent
name: Byrnes, Christian T.
name: Torrado, Jesús
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stochastic distribution of spectator fields predicted in different slow-roll inflation backgrounds. Spectator fields have a negligible energy density during inflation but may play an important dynamical role later, even giving rise to primordial density perturbations within our observational horizon today. During de-Sitter expansion there is an equilibrium solution for the spectator field which is often used to estimate the stochastic distribution during slow-roll inflation. However slow roll only requires that the Hubble rate varies slowly compared to the Hubble time, while the time taken for the stochastic distribution to evolve to the de-Sitter equilibrium solution can be much longer than a Hubble time. We study both chaotic (monomial) and plateau inflaton potentials, with quadratic, quartic and axionic spectator fields. We give an adiabaticity condition for the spectator field distribution to relax to the de-Sitter equilibrium, and find that the de-Sitter approximation is never a reliable estimate for the typical distribution at the end of inflation for a quadratic spectator during monomial inflation. The existence of an adiabatic regime at early times can erase the dependence on initial conditions of the final distribution of field values. In these cases, spectator fields acquire sub-Planckian expectation values. Otherwise spectator fields may acquire much larger field displacements than suggested by the de-Sitter equilibrium solution. We quantify the information about initial conditions that can be obtained from the final field distribution. Our results may have important consequences for the viability of spectator models for the origin of structure, such as the simplest curvaton models.
description: 27 pages without appendices (total 35 pages), 6 figures, 1 table, matches published version in JCAP
Vortex Thermometry for Turbulent Two-Dimensional Fluids
Creators: name: Groszek, Andrew J.
name: Davis, Matthew J.
name: Paganin, David M.
name: Helmerson, Kristian
name: Simula, Tapio P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new method of statistical analysis to characterise the dynamics of turbulent fluids in two dimensions. We establish that, in equilibrium, the vortex distributions can be uniquely connected to the temperature of the vortex gas, and apply this vortex thermometry to characterise simulations of decaying superfluid turbulence. We confirm the hypothesis of vortex evaporative heating leading to Onsager vortices proposed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 165302 (2014), and find previously unidentified vortex power-law distributions that emerge from the dynamics.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Perron-based algorithms for the multilinear pagerank
Creators: name: Meini, Beatrice
name: Poloni, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F99, 15A69, 05C82, 90B15

description: We consider the multilinear pagerank problem studied in [Gleich, Lim and Yu, Multilinear Pagerank, 2015], which is a system of quadratic equations with stochasticity and nonnegativity constraints. We use the theory of quadratic vector equations to prove several properties of its solutions and suggest new numerical algorithms. In particular, we prove the existence of a certain minimal solution, which does not always coincide with the stochastic one that is required by the problem. We use an interpretation of the solution as a Perron eigenvector to devise new fixed-point algorithms for its computation, and pair them with a homotopy continuation strategy. The resulting numerical method is more reliable than the existing alternatives, being able to solve a larger number of problems.