cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large CaFeAsF single crystals of high quality grown by the oscillating temperature technique
Creators: name: Ma, Ming-Wei
name: Ruan, Binbin
name: Zhou, Menghu
name: Gu, Yadong
name: Yang, Qingsong
name: Sun, Junnan
name: Ren, Zhi-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oscillating temperature technique was successfully employed to grow large and composition homogeneous CaFeAsF single crystals due to the reduction of nuclei number by temperature oscillation. The largest as-grown CaFeAsF single crystal was nearly 8 mm in lateral size and 0.27 mm in thickness which is far larger than previously reported in all dimensions. The full-width-at-half maximum (FWHM) of x-ray rocking curve is as small as 0.163° indicating the high quality of CaFeAsF single crystals.
Lattice thermal transport in group II-alloyed PbTe
Creators: name: Xia, Yi
name: Hodges, James M.
name: Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
name: Chan, Maria K. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PbTe, one of the most promising thermoelectric materials, has recently demonstrated thermoelectric figure of merit ($ZT$) of above 2.0 when alloyed with group II elements. The improvements are due mainly to significant reduction of lattice thermal conductivity ($κ_{l}$), which was in turn attributed to nanoparticle precipitates. However, a fundamental understanding of various phonon scattering mechanisms within the bulk alloy is still lacking. In this work, we apply the newly-developed density-functional-theory (DFT)-based compressive sensing lattice dynamics (CSLD) approach to model lattice heat transport in PbTe, MTe, and Pb$_{0.94}$M$_{0.06}$Te (M=Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba), compare our results with experimental measurements, with focus on strain effect and mass disorder scattering. We find that (1) CaTe, SrTe and BaTe in the rock-salt structure exhibit much higher $κ_{l}$ than PbTe, while MgTe in the same structure shows anomalously low $κ_{l}$; (2) lattice heat transport of PbTe is extremely sensitive to static strain induced by alloying atoms in solid solution form; (3) mass disorder scattering plays a major role in reducing $κ_{l}$ for Mg/Ca/Sr-alloyed PbTe through strongly suppressing the lifetimes of intermediate- and high-frequency phonons, while for Ba-alloyed PbTe, precipitated nanoparticles are also important.
Review of Top Quark Physics Results
Creators: name: Kehoe, R.
name: Narain, M.
name: Kumar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the heaviest known fundamental particle, the top quark has taken a central role in the study of fundamental interactions. Production of top quarks in pairs provides an important probe of strong interactions. The top quark mass is a key fundamental parameter which places a valuable constraint on the Higgs boson mass and electroweak symmetry breaking. Observations of the relative rates and kinematics of top quark final states constrain potential new physics. In many cases, the tests available with study of the top quark are both critical and unique. Large increases in data samples from the Fermilab Tevatron have been coupled with major improvements in experimental techniques to produce many new precision measurements of the top quark. The first direct evidence for electroweak production of top quarks has been obtained, with a resulting direct determination of $V_{tb}$. Several of the properties of the top quark have been measured. Progress has also been made in obtaining improved limits on potential anomalous production and decay mechanisms. This review presents an overview of recent theoretical and experimental developments in this field. We also provide a brief discussion of the implications for further efforts.
description: 119 pages, 55 figures
Materiell nichtlineare Kontinuumsmodellierung ferroelektrischer Funktionskeramiken mit piezoelektrischen und flexoelektrischen Eigenschaften
Creators: name: Sutter, Felix
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ferroelektrika
Piezoelektrizität
Flexoelektrizität
nichtlineare Kontinuumsmodellierung
Finite-Elemente-Methode
Ferroelectrics
Piezoelectricity
Flexoelectricity
nonlinear continuum modeling
finite element method

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Entwicklung eines makroskopischen Kontinuumsmodells zur Untersuchung des Einflusses des flexoelektrischen Effekts auf mikrostrukturelle Domänenumklappprozesse in ferroelektrischen Funktionskeramiken. Dabei ist von Interesse, ob in Piezokeramiken durch direkte Flexoelektrizität ein Polungsprozess in Gang gesetzt werden kann und ob durch indirekte Flexoelektrizität eine Verbesserung der aktorischen Eigenschaften eines IDE-Wafers möglich ist.
Study of systematics effects on the Cross Power Spectrum of 21 cm Line and Cosmic Microwave Background using Murchison Widefield Array Data
Creators: name: Yoshiura, S.
name: Ichiki, K.
name: Pindor, B.
name: Takahashi, K.
name: Tashiro, H.
name: Trott, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of the 21cm line signal from neutral hydrogen during the Epoch of Reionization is challenging due to extremely bright Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds and complicated instrumental calibration. A reasonable approach for mitigating these problems is the cross correlation with other observables. In this work, we present the first results of the cross power spectrum (CPS) between radio images observed by the Murchison Widefield Array and the cosmic microwave background (CMB), measured by the Planck experiment. We study the systematics due to the ionospheric activity, the dependence of CPS on group of pointings, and frequency. The resulting CPS is consistent with zero because the error is dominated by the foregrounds in the 21cm observation. Additionally, the variance of the signal indicates the presence of unexpected systematics error at small scales. Furthermore, we reduce the error by one order of magnitude with application of a foreground removal using a polynomial fitting method. Based on the results, we find that the detection of the 21cm-CMB CPS with the MWA Phase I requires more than 99.95% of the foreground signal removed, 2000 hours of deep observation and 50% of the sky fraction coverage.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Supplementary Material for: «Hilfe aus dem App-Store?»: Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit und Evaluation von Apps zur Anwendung bei Depressionen
Creators: name: Terhorst, Y.
name: Rathner, E.-M.
name: Baumeister, H.
name: Sander, L.
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine

description: Hintergrund: In Deutschland sind etwa 4,9 Millionen Menschen an Depressionen erkrankt. Depressionen sind für die Betroffenen und die Gesellschaft mit enormen Belastungen verbunden. Gesundheits-Apps haben hier das Potenzial, die Versorgungslage zu verbessern. Das Ziel dieser systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, die Qualität, Inhalte und Praxisrelevanz von deutschsprachigen Apps für die Anwendung bei Depressionen zu untersuchen. Methode: Die deutschen Google-Play- und iTunes-Stores wurden systematisch nach Apps durchsucht, die explizit mit der Thematik «Depression/Depressivität» warben. Die so ermittelten Apps wurden mithilfe einer Skala zur Einschätzung der Qualität (Mobile Application Rating Scale) von 2 unabhängigen Gutachtern bewertet. Apps mit überdurchschnittlichem Rating wurden von 2 praktisch tätigen Verhaltenstherapeuten im Hinblick auf ihren Nutzen für die klinische Praxis beurteilt. Ergebnisse: Von 1156 identifizierten Apps wurden 38 eingeschlossen. Inhaltlich reichten diese von Informations- bis zu Interventions-Apps. Die Apps wiesen eine mittlere Gesamtqualität auf (M = 3,01; Standardabweichung = 0,56). Vier Apps zeigten überdurchschnittliche Werte. Sie wurden durch 2 Psychotherapeuten getestet und als bedingt empfehlenswert für die klinische Praxis beurteilt. Zu keiner der eingeschlossenen Apps konnte eine Wirksamkeitsstudie gefunden werden. Schlussfolgerungen: Deutschsprachige Depressions-Apps weisen qualitative Mängel auf. Zusätzlich fehlt es an klinischen Studien zum Nutzen und zu Risiken, weshalb der Einsatz in der klinischen Praxis nur bedingt empfohlen werden kann. Ein Gütesiegel für qualitativ hochwertige und praxisrelevante Gesundheits-Apps könnte Nutzer vor Fehlinformationen und Missbrauch schützen und Leistungserbringern den Einsatz digitaler Medien substanziell erleichtern.
MHD models and synthetic synchrotron maps for the jet of M87
Creators: name: Gracia, J.
name: Bogovalov, S.
name: Tsinganos, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a self-consistent MHD model for the jet of M87. The model consist of two distinct zones: an inner relativistic outflow, which we identify with the observed jet, and an outer cold disk-wind. While the former does not self-collimate efficiently due to its high effective inertia, the latter fulfills all the conditions for efficient collimation by the magneto-centrifugal mechanism. Given the right balance between the effective inertia of the inner flow and the collimation efficiency of the outer disk wind, the relativistic flow is magnetically confined into a well collimated beam for a wide range of parameters and matches the measurements of the opening angle of M87 over several orders of magnitude in spatial extent. In the second part of this work, we present synthetic synchrotron emission maps for our MHD models. In principle the two-zone model can reproduce the morphological structure seen in radio observations, as central-peaked profiles across the jet close the the source, limb-bright further down the jet, and a bright knot close to the position of HST-1. However it is difficult to reconcile all features into a single set of parameters.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the HEPRO conference, September 24-28, 2007, Dublin, Ireland
title: An Investigation of Unsteady, In-Cylinder Flows of a Mock-Up Internal Combustion Engine Using Particle Image Velocimetry
Creators: name: Schleeper, David
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013

description: Particle Image Velocimetry is frequently used in fluid mechanics and aerodynamics research to provide accurate, quantitative information on the instantaneous structure of a variety of flow fields. This technique provides a nonintrusive means of capturing vital, whole-field details of internal and external flows, such as vortex size and strength, not usually possible through other flow investigation techniques. Due to practical difficulties, the utilization of this method for the study of combustion chamber flow within an internal combustion engine is still relatively uncommon. This study used a TSI Particle Image Velocimetry system to identify two-dimensional flow patterns and velocities on a vertical plane within an optically accessible mock-up combustion chamber including an actuated inlet valve. The data collected served to prove that despite the difficulties inherit in the experimental setup, PIV can be used to obtain useful information relating to two-dimensional internal flows, including unsteady combustion chamber flows. Adjustable parameters within the TSI software allow for instantaneous data to be collected and studied with the inlet valve at any position during the intake process. This type of study will be highly beneficial to the future development of engine head and intake valve design to improve internal combustion engine efficiency and performance.
Climate, Energy and Urbanization session, Open Data and Open Knowledge Workshop 2024
Creators: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2024
Subjects: ODOK
Workshop
GEO Community event
Open Data
Open Knowledge
Climate
Energy
Urbanization

description: The Group on Earth Observations (GEO) is transitioning from its previous Engagement Priorities (such as the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement) to a new set of Thematic Areas, including Agriculture and Food Security, Water and Land Sustainability, and One Health, among others. This session will specifically focus on the GEO Thematic Area of Climate, Energy, and Urbanization. 
The objectives of this session are: 
Exploring the evolution of the GEO Infrastructure The session aims to discuss how GEO's infrastructure can evolve to better support the initiatives and activities within the Thematic Area of Climate, Energy, and Urbanization. This includes identifying the necessary functionalities, tools, and datasets that should be available within the infrastructure, as well as exploring how GEO's knowledge and services can be organized more effectively. The outcomes of this discussion will be addressed by the GEO Infrastructure Development Task Team (GIDTT), the group responsible for driving the ongoing evolution of the GEO infrastructure. 
Fostering Open Knowledge practices Another key goal is to explore how best to integrate open knowledge practices within the GEO Thematic Areas. By doing so, participants can ensure that these areas are better equipped to connect, collaborate, reuse, and generate new, innovative insights and knowledge. 
Addressing barriers to Open Knowledge adoption: The session identified and discussed the main barriers to adopting Open Knowledge practices in GEO's Thematic Areas, with the goal of proposing solutions to overcome these challenges. 
Session moderator: 

Evangelos Gerasopoulos, NOA 
Session speakers:

Lionel Menard, MINES Paris PSL 
Daniele Elrich, Human Planet Initiative 
Xi Li, State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing , Wuhan University, China 
Frederic Bretar, SCO 
Martyn Clark, GEO Secretariat
Physics of polarized light scattering from weakly rough dielectric surfaces: Yoneda and Brewster scattering phenomena
Creators: name: Banon, Jean-Philippe
name: Hetland, Øyvind Storesund
name: Simonsen, Ingve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical Yoneda and Brewster scattering phenomena are studied theoretically based on pertubative solutions of the reduced Rayleigh equations. The Yoneda phenomenon is characterized as an enhancement of the intensity of the diffuse light scattered by a randomly rough interface between two dielectric media when the light is observed in the optically denser medium. The intensity enhancement occurs above a critical angle of scattering which is independent of the angle of incidence of the excitation. The Brewster scattering phenomenon is characterized by a zero scattered intensity either in the reflected or transmitted light for an angle of scattering which depends on the angle of incidence. We also describe a generalization of the Brewster scattering phenomenon for outgoing evanescent waves and circularly-polarized waves. The physical mechanisms responsible for these phenomena are described in terms of simple notions such as scalar waves, oscillating and rotating dipoles and geometrical arguments, and are valid in a regime of weakly rough interfaces.
Marine Turtles Nesting Activity Assessment and Trend along the Central African Atlantic Coast for the Period of 1999-2008
Creators: name: A, Girard
name: Godgenger MC
name: Gibudi A
name: Fretey J
name: Billes A
name: Roumet D
name: G, Bal
name: Bréhéret N
name: Bitsindou A
name: H, Van Leeuwe
name: Verhage B
name: Ricois S
name: Bayé JP
name: Carvalho J
name: H, Lima
name: Neto E
name: Angoni H
name: Ayissi I
name: Bebeya C
name: Folack J
name: Ngueguim JR
name: Girondot M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Care

description: Four marine turtle species commonly nest along the Atlantic coast of Central Africa: leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles. The most important regional status assessment to date is reported in this study integrating data from 40 nesting sites from Cameroon to the Republic of Congo. The description of marine turtle nesting seasons has been performed and annual nesting activity estimated for each studied nesting site. Thus, we were able to present the spatial pattern of nest distribution throughout the studied nesting beaches. Moreover, leatherback and olive ridley Central African stocks have been assessed and we show hereby their nesting trend over these 8 years. Leatherbacks trend is decreasing in Gabonese coast while increasing in Congolese one. The pattern is not understood and need more attention, as Gabon coast shares the highest worldwide aggregation for this species. Ridleys trend is decreasing in Congo and stable elsewhere in Central Africa. Finally, the necessity of a regional and international framework for marine turtle conservation and future assessment priorities are discussed.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0010r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0010r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0010r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Wind Mitigating Action on Effects of Eutrophication in Coastal Eutrophic Water Bodies
Creators: name: Lenzi M
name: Persiano M
name: P, Gennaro
name: Rubegni F
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Care

description: After a summer dystrophic event and a subsequent intense autumn bloom of cyanobacteria (chlorophyll >31 μg L-1), the labile organic matter (LOM) in sediments of a Mediterranean lagoon, monitored for LOM, refractory organic matter, chlorophyll and anemographic data, increased by 113% after about 3 months (in December). In February, after two months in which the frequency of wind speeds exceeding 8 m s-1 averaged about 39%, LOM declined by 39.1% (two-way ANOVA, P = 0.0012). Considering western (EL-W) and eastern (EL-E) halves of the eastern basin of the lagoon (EL), the former more exposed to strong prevailing winds in that period, we found that the former recorded a 65.5% reduction in LOM (significant p<0.01), whereas the EL-E half recorded an increment of 5.1% (not significant, p>0.05). LOM was not significantly different in the two halves in December, but differed significantly in February (P<0.01). These results sustain the role of wind in coastal lagoon environments, especially hypertrophic ones, and confirm the importance of resuspension of soft superficial sediments with high organic load in counteracting the effects of eutrophication.
The upcoming 4m ILMT facility and data reduction pipeline testing
Creators: name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: Negi, Vibhore
name: Ailawadhi, Bhavya
name: Mishra, Sapna
name: Pradhan, Bikram
name: Misra, Kuntal
name: Hickson, Paul
name: Surdej, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 4m International Liquid Mirror Telescope (ILMT) installation activities have recently been completed at the Devasthal observatory (Uttarakhand, India). The ILMT will perform continuous observation of a narrow strip of the sky ($\sim$27$'$) passing over the zenith in the SDSS $g'$, $r'$ and $i'$ bands. In combination with a highly efficient 4k $\times$ 4k CCD camera and an optical corrector, the images will be secured at the prime focus of the telescope using the Time Delayed Integration technique. The ILMT will reach $\sim$22.5 mag ($g'$-band) in a single scan and this limiting magnitude can be further improved by co-adding the nightly images. The uniqueness of the one-day cadence and deeper imaging with the ILMT will make it possible to discover and study various galactic and extra-galactic sources, especially variable ones. Here, we present the latest updates of the ILMT facility and discuss the preparation for the first light, which is expected during early 2022. We also briefly explain different steps involved in the ILMT data reduction pipeline.
description: Accepted for publication in Special Issue of Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 2022, Astrophysical jets and observational facilities: National perspective, 05-09 April 2021, ARIES Nainital
Neutral Bremsstrahlung in TPCs
Creators: name: Amedo, P.
name: González-Díaz, D.
name: Jones, B. J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditionally, it has been assumed that electroluminescence (EL) in time projection chambers was purely an excimer-based emission. This idea changed when neutral bremsstrahlung (NBrS) was observed first in argon and subsequently in xenon a few years ago. In this work we explore further the framework used to explain these observations, presenting results for noble gas -based mixtures, as well as mixtures including small fractions of a molecular additive (`quencher'). Spectral content and yields are discussed in some cases of contemporary interest, together with their pressure-scalings.
Computing the optimal protocol for finite-time processes in stochastic thermodynamics
Creators: name: Then, Holger
name: Engel, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asking for the optimal protocol of an external control parameter that minimizes the mean work required to drive a nano-scale system from one equilibrium state to another in finite time, Schmiedl and Seifert ({\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 98}, 108301 (2007)) found the Euler-Lagrange equation to be a non-local integro-differential equation of correlation functions. For two linear examples, we show how this integro-differential equation can be solved analytically. For non-linear physical systems we show how the optimal protocol can be found numerically and demonstrate that there may exist several distinct optimal protocols simultaneously, and we present optimal protocols that have one, two, and three jumps, respectively.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Temporal Coherence and Indistinguishability in Two-Photon Interference Effects
Creators: name: Jha, Anand Kumar
name: O'Sullivan, Malcolm N.
name: Chan, Kam Wai Clifford
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that temporal two-photon interference effects involving the signal and idler photons created by parametric down-conversion can be fully characterized in terms of the variations of two length parameters--called the biphoton path-length difference and the biphoton path-asymmetry- length difference--which we construct using the six different length parameters that a general two-photon interference experiment involves. We perform an experiment in which the effects of the variations of these two parameters can be independently controlled and studied. In our experimental setup, which does not involve mixing of signal and idler photons at a beam splitter, we further report observations of Hong-Ou-Mandel- (HOM-)like effects both in coincidence and in one-photon count rates. As an important consequence, we argue that the HOM and the HOM-like effects are best described as observations of how two-photon coherence changes as a function of the biphoton path- asymmetry-length difference.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected, FIG. 2 slightly edited
Tilapia is the Fish for Next - Generation Aquaculture
Creators: name: G.H. Yue
name: H.R. Lin
name: J.L. Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Care

description: Fish is one of the major sources of animal protein supply for humans, but wild fish stocks are being depleted rapidly due to overfishing. Therefore, future fish supply will depend on sustainable aquaculture, which should add edible protein to the world, rather than reduce it. Tilapias, having unique characteristics, are suitable species for future sustainable aquaculture. Land-based recirculating aquaculture, and cage and offshore aquaculture will reduce the negative impacts of tilapia culture on the environment and global biodiversity. Further genetic improvement of tilapias will be accelerated by using contemporary molecular techniques.
Hierarchy, Values and Islam: Social Organisation of Muslims in South India
Creators: name: P.C., Saidalavi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022

description: Focusing on Muslim barbers, this thesis explores the trajectory of changes that hierarchical and unequal practices underwent among Muslims in Malabar, south India over a period of roughly 70 years since the 1950s. These practices range from endogamous marriage relations, asymmetrical resource ownership and distribution, occupational distinctions to those of practices and discourses aimed at challenging the hierarchy, such as unionisation activities of barbers and the deployment of egalitarian ideas of Islam. Attending to these practices, the thesis highlights the relationships Muslims forge in their everyday life between Islam and broader cultural considerations pertaining to economic and political inequalities, ritual ceremonies and Hindu caste practices. I argue that caste among Hindus in the subcontinent should not be the analytical frame to explain the nature of hierarchy among Muslims. The scholarship on Muslims posits that hierarchy among Muslims is either a replica of caste among Hindus or a watered-down version of the Hindu social system. My thesis argues that rather than enumerating features of Muslim hierarchy and seeking equivalence with Hindu caste, we need to pay close attention to how Muslims engage in hierarchical practices in everyday life. In other words, rather than seeing social hierarchies amongst Muslims as a derivative discourse, a more ethnographically committed approach reveals how culturally anchored notions of value and social practice shape everyday encounters and exchanges. My argument throughout the thesis is that the values underlying hierarchy among Muslims have deep connections in Islam, but they are also informed by the broader context of political economy and cultural practices in the region. I posit that while the normative core of Islam was understood as upholding egalitarianism, Muslims used endogamy, occupational specialisations, and distinctions of moral worth to order their social lives in a hierarchical manner. While these practices may seem similar, at face value, to the ones found in the Hindu caste system, I suggest that Muslims operationalise and justify the hierarchical practices employing Islamic ideas. An endogamous marriage, which is said to be a key practice of Hindu caste, may be justified by Muslims using Islamic juristic ideas of suitability between partners in terms of piety, beauty, lineage, and wealth. I therefore maintain that Muslims try to negotiate, contest and reconfigure their everyday using discourses available in a dynamic Islamic tradition and repertoire. These assertions are based on my 14 months of fieldwork in Malabar in 2019-2020, and draws upon participant observation, unstructured interviews and oral narratives to illuminate the hierarchy among Muslims and its connections with broader cultural practices in south India.
title: Radial Gas Flows in Colliding Galaxies: Connecting Simulations and Observations
Creators: name: Iono, D
name: Yun, Min
name: Mihos, JC
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: galaxies: individual (UGC 12914\textfractionsolidus{}12915); galaxies: interactions; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; methods: numerical
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/616/1/199/
description: We investigate the detailed response of gas to the formation of transient and long-lived dynamical structures induced in the early stages of a disk-disk collision and identify observational signatures of radial gas inflow through a detailed examination of the collision simulation of an equal-mass bulge-dominated galaxy. Our analysis and discussion mainly focuses on the evolution of the diffuse and dense gas in the early stages of the collision, when the two disks are interacting but have not yet merged. Stars respond to the tidal interaction by forming both transient arms and long-lived m = 2 bars, but the gas response is more transient, flowing directly toward the central regions within about 108 yr after the initial collision. The rate of inflow declines when more than half of the total gas supply reaches the inner few kiloparsecs, where the gas forms a dense nuclear ring inside the stellar bar. The average gas inflow rate to the central 1.8 kpc is ~7 M yr-1 with a peak rate of 17 M yr-1. Gas with high volume density is found in the inner parts of the postcollision disks at size scales close to the spatial resolution of the simulations, and this may be a direct result of shocks traced by the discontinuity in the gas velocity field. The evolution of gas in a bulgeless progenitor galaxy is also discussed, and a possible link to the "chain galaxy" population observed at high redshifts is inferred. The evolution of the structural parameters such as asymmetry and concentration of both stars and gas are studied in detail. Further, a new structure parameter (the compactness parameter K) that traces the evolution of the size scale of the gas relative to the stellar disk is introduced, and this may be a useful tracer to determine the merger chronology of colliding systems. Noncircular gas kinematics driven by the perturbation of the nonaxisymmetric structure can produce distinct emission features in the "forbidden velocity quadrants" of the position-velocity diagram (PVD). The dynamical mass calculated using the rotation curve derived from fitting the emission envelope of the PVD can determine the true mass to within 20%-40%. The evolution of the molecular fraction (M/M) is a potential tracer to quantitatively assign the age of the interaction, but the application to real systems may require additional observational diagnostics to properly assess the exact chronology of the merger evolution.
Cardiomya minerva Lima & Oliveira & Absalão 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lima, Tarcilla Carvalho De
name: Oliveira, Cléo Dilnei de Castro
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Anomalodesmata
Cuspidariidae
Cardiomya
Cardiomya minerva

description: Cardiomya minerva sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B7AF183B-CE39-4084-A9B1-E0F366458513
Fig. 5 A–F
Diagnosis
Quadrangular shell flank, very short truncated rostrum, posterodorsal margin curved upwards, extending above the umbones; external sculpture composed of six posterior radial ribs, rostrum with commarginal growth lines only.
Etymology
This species is named after the character Minerva McGonagall, from the Harry Potter series of books written by the British J.K. Rowling. The name is employed as a noun in apposition.
Material examined
Holotype
BRAZIL – Alagoas state • [1i]; Maceió, Praia da Avenida; 10 m depth; 10 Apr. 1990; IBUFRJ 5785.
Other type material
PORTUGAL • [12v and fragments], syntypes of Cardiomya cadiziana Huber, 2010 [= replacement name for Cardiomya curta (Jeffreys, 1876)]; off Algarve; 36°54′00″ N, 8°14′30″ W; 523–684 m depth; USNM 172032 • [5v], syntypes of Cardiomya cadiziana; São Pedro Canyon; 39°55′00″ N, 9°56′00″ W; 1818 m depth; USNM 172033 • [4v], syntypes of Cardiomya cadiziana; São Pedro Canyon; 39°42′00″ N, 9°43′00″ W; 1097–2003 m depth; USNM 172034.
SURINAME • [1v], holotype of Cardiomya surinamensis van Regteren Altena, 1971; 06°22.5′ N, 55°10′ W; 20 m depth; RMNH.MOL.55387.
Description
Shell small (length 4.3 mm; height 3.2 mm). Shell flank quadrangular, umbones raised. Anterodorsal margin forming a shoulder, anterior and ventral and margin rounded, little angulated. Rostrum very short, truncated, posteroventral sinuation shallow, posterodorsal margin curved upwards, extending
above the umbones. External sculpture of six radial ribs on the posterior half of the shell flank; rostrum with commarginal growth lines only.
Geographic distribution
Only known from the type locality.
Remarks
The most similar species to Cardiomya minerva sp. nov. are Cardiomya surinamensis van Regteren Altena, 1971 (Fig. 5 G–H) and Cardiomya cadiziana Huber, 2010 (Fig. 5 I–J). These two species can be distinguished from Cardiomya minerva sp. nov. by their trapezoidal shell flank, external sculpture composed of incomplete radial ribs on anterior region of the shell flank. Additionally, C. cadiziana exhibits a shorter rostrum, with several faint radial lines, and straight posterodorsal margin, not extending above the umbones.
description: Published as part of Lima, Tarcilla Carvalho De, Oliveira, Cléo Dilnei de Castro & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2020, Small, rare and little known: new records and species of Cardiomya (Bivalvia: Cuspidariidae) from Brazil, pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 619 on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.619, http://zenodo.org/record/3777241
Cardiomya sp. 1 A. Adams 1864
Creators: name: Lima, Tarcilla Carvalho De
name: Oliveira, Cléo Dilnei de Castro
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Anomalodesmata
Cuspidariidae
Cardiomya
Cardiomya sp. 1

description: Cardiomya sp. 1
Fig. 6 A–B
Cardiomya cleryana auct., non d’Orbigny, 1842 – Barroso et al. 2016: in part.
Material examined
BRAZIL – Amapá state • [1v]; northwest of Amazon Canyons; 03°37′00″ S, 50°01′00″ W; 72 m depth; 08 May 1971; GEOMAR III, stn 193; CMPHRM 3681.
Description
Shell small (length 7.8 mm; height 6.1 mm). Shell flank elliptical, umbones blunt. Anterodorsal margin forming a shoulder, anterior margin truncated, ventral margin rounded, crenulated. Rostrum very short, truncated, posteroventral sinuation shallow, posterodorsal margin curved upwards, extending a little above the umbones. External sculpture of 22 radial ribs, less spaced towards the anterior region, the four strongest and most widely spaced ribs at the posterior end of the shell flank; rostrum with four radial lines.
Geographic distribution
Brazil, Amapá state, northwest of Amazon Canyons, 72 m.
Remarks
Part of the specimens listed as Cardiomya cleryana in Barroso et al. (2016: 6) (CMPHRM 3681) are here reassigned to Cardiomya sp. 1.
Cardiomya surinamensis van Regteren Altena, 1971 is similar to Cardiomya sp. 1, but can be distinguished from it by its weak radial ribs, which vanish towards the anterior region, and the wide rostrum, devoid of radial ornamentation.
description: Published as part of Lima, Tarcilla Carvalho De, Oliveira, Cléo Dilnei de Castro & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2020, Small, rare and little known: new records and species of Cardiomya (Bivalvia: Cuspidariidae) from Brazil, pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 619 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.619, http://zenodo.org/record/3777241
Additional file 1 of Cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy: cross-sectional survey of knowledge and prevention practices of healthcare professionals in French-speaking Switzerland
Creators: name: Sartori, Pauline
name: Baud, David
name: de Tejada, Begoña Martinez
name: Farin, Alexandre
name: Rossier, Marie-Claude
name: Rieder, Wawrzyniec
name: Rouiller, Sylvie
name: Robyr, Romaine
name: Grant, Gaston
name: Eggel, Béatrice
name: Bruno, Adrien
name: Pretalli, Maeva
name: Gainon, Bertrand
name: Capoccia-Brugger, Romina
name: Ammon-Chansel, Laetitia
name: De Courten, Clarisse
name: Beurret-Lepori, Nathalie
name: Baert, Jonathan
name: Vial, Yvan
name: Pomar, Léo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materiel for reviews.
Periodic Anderson model meets Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev interaction: A solvable playground for heavy fermion physics
Creators: name: Zhong, Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The periodic Anderson model is a classic theoretical model for understanding novel physics in heavy fermion systems. Here, we modify it with the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev interaction, (random all-to-all interaction) thus the resultant model admits an exact solution at large-$N$ (e.g. spin flavor) limit. By analytical field theory arguments and numerical calculations, we establish that the system supports a low-temperature (heavy) Fermi liquid and more interesting a non-Fermi liquid solution at elevated temperature/energy. For physical observable, the latter one contributes a sharp peak at Fermi energy for spectral function, a non-Fermi liquid-like $T^{-1}$ resistivity and shows a robust Fano lineshape in tunneling spectrum. This system may be simulated by ultracold atom gases and can serve as a good playground for studying many ubiquitous symmetry-breaking instabilities like unconventional superconductivity or topological orders in generic heavy fermion systems.
description: 10 pages and 6 figures
Are we at Last Ready to Begin Controlling the Global Spread of Aquatic Invasives?
Creators: name: Fileman T
name: T, Vance
name: S, De Mora
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Care

description: The question really should be: are we really serious about controlling the global spread of aquatic invasives? Given that it has so far taken over 11 years to even get close to ratifying the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Ballast Water Convention, the answer has to be ‘not really’! Coupled with this, we are also aware that another significant vector of transport for aquatic invasives is hull fouling on ships, which is currently unregulated on a global scale.
Pinna Nobilis: An Endangered Species of Mediterranean Sea
Creators: name: Mancuso M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Care

description: The fan mussel Pinna nobilis is the largest endemic Mediterranean bivalve that occurs in coastal and estuarine zones, living partially buried in the substrate, preferentially associated with Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa meadows. The species in all over the world is heavily threatened and is listed and protected as an endangered species in the Mediterranean Sea. To date studies and experiments have been carried out and several are currently carrying out with the purpose to save this species, through acts of protection and through the reintroduction of the species also. In my opinion its important planning a sustainable management strategy that include an increasing of knowledge on the factors and the processes that are involved in the distribution of the species and also to trying avoid all the factors that contribute to the decrease of the population. Moreover in order to motivate and increase the consciousness and the respect for the nature it’s important to spread the research and info about the environmental protection.
The detection of a massive chain of dark HI clouds in the GAMA G23 Field
Creators: name: Jozsa, Gyula I. G.
name: Jarrett, T. H.
name: Cluver, Michelle
name: Wong, O. Ivy
name: Havenga, Okkert
name: Yao, H. F. M.
name: Marchetti, L.
name: Taylor, E. N.
name: Kamphuis, Peter
name: Maccagni, Filippo M.
name: Ramaila, Athanaseus J. T.
name: Serra, Paolo
name: Smirnov, Oleg M.
name: White, Sarah V.
name: Kilborn, Virginia
name: Holwerda, B. W.
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Brough, S.
name: Pimbblet, K. A.
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Kuijken, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection of a large, extended HI cloud complex in the GAMA G23 field, located at a redshift of $z\,\sim\,0.03$, observed as part of the MeerHOGS campaign (a pilot survey to explore the mosaicing capabilities of MeerKAT). The cloud complex, with a total mass of $10^{10.0}\,M_\odot$, lies in proximity to a large galaxy group with $M_\mathrm{dyn}\sim10^{13.5}\,M_\odot$. We identify seven HI peak concentrations, interconnected as a tenuous 'chain' structure, extending $\sim 400\,\mathrm{kpc}$ from east-to-west, with the largest (central) concentration containing $10{^{9.7}}\,M_\odot$ in HI gas distributed across $50\,\mathrm{kpc}$. The main source is not detected in ultra-violet, optical or infrared imaging. The implied gas mass-to-light ($M_\mathrm{HI}$/$L_\mathrm{r}$) is extreme ($>$1000) even in comparison to other 'dark clouds'. The complex has very little kinematic structure ($110\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$), making it difficult to identify cloud rotation. Assuming pressure support, the total mass of the central concentration is $>10^{10.2}\,M_\odot$, while a lower limit to the dynamical mass in the case of full rotational support is $10^{10.4}\,M_\odot$. If the central concentration is a stable structure, it has to contain some amount of unseen matter, but potentially less than is observed for a typical galaxy. It is, however, not clear whether the structure has any gravitationally stable concentrations. We report a faint UV--optical--infrared source in proximity to one of the smaller concentrations in the gas complex, leading to a possible stellar association. The system nature and origins is enigmatic, potentially being the result of an interaction with or within the galaxy group it appears to be associated with.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, minor corrections
Many body physics and the capacity of quantum channels with memory
Creators: name: Plenio, M. B.
name: Virmani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In most studies of the capacity of quantum channels, it is assumed that the errors in each use of the channel are independent. However, recent work has begun to investigate the effects of memory or correlations in the error, and has led to suggestions that there can be interesting non-analytic behaviour in the capacity of such channels. In a previous paper we pursued this issue by connecting the study of channel capacities under correlated error to the study of critical behaviour in many-body physics. This connection enables the use of techniques from many-body physics to either completely solve or understand qualitatively a number of interesting models of correlated error with analogous behaviour to associated many-body systems. However, in order for this approach to work rigorously, there are a number of technical properties that need to be established for the lattice systems being considered. In this article we discuss these properties in detail, and establish them for some classes of many-body system.
description: V1: 17 sides, 5 figures. See posting by M. Hastings 0710.3324 for related results on fermionic systems. V2: 19 sides, 5 figures, extensive changes to improve readability and to correct an imprecise argument. To appear in New J. Phys. Title change due to referee request
Connecting Chromospheric Condensation Signatures to Reconnection Driven Heating Rates in an Observed Flare
Creators: name: Ashfield, William H.
name: Longcope, Dana W.
name: Zhu, Chunming
name: Qiu, Jiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of solar flare reconnection at very high spatial and temporal resolution can be made indirectly at the footpoints of reconnected loops into which flare energy is deposited. The response of the lower atmosphere to this energy input includes a downward-propagating shock called chromospheric condensation, which can be observed in the UV and visible. In order to characterize reconnection using high-resolution observations of this response, one must develop a quantitative relationship between the two. Such a relation was recently developed and here we test it on observations of chromospheric condensation in a single footpoint from a flare ribbon of the X1.0 flare on 25 Oct. 2014 (SOL2014-10-25T16:56:36). Measurements taken of Si iv 1402.77 Å emission spectra using the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) in a single pixel show red-shifted component undergoing characteristic condensation evolution. We apply the technique called the Ultraviolet Footpoint Calorimeter (UFC) to infer energy deposition into the one footpoint. This energy profile, persisting much longer than the observed condensation, is input into a one-dimensional, hydrodynamic simulation to compute the chromospheric response, which contains a very brief condensation episode. From this simulation we synthesize Si iv spectra and compute the time-evolving Doppler velocity. The synthetic velocity evolution is found to compare reasonably well with the IRIS observation, thus corroborating our reconnection-condensation relationship. The exercise reveals that the chromospheric condensation characterizes a particular portion of the reconnection energy release rather than its entirety, and that the time scale of condensation does not necessarily reflect the time scale of energy input.