cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emergent quantum phases in a frustrated J1-J2 Heisenberg model on hyperhoneycomb lattice
Creators: name: Lee, SungBin
name: Jeong, Jae-Seung
name: Hwang, Kyusung
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate possible quantum ground states as well as the classical limit of a frustrated J1-J2 Heisenberg model on the three-dimensional (3D) hyperhoneycomb lattice. Our study is inspired by the recent discovery of beta-Li2IrO3, where Ir^{4+} ions form a 3D network with each lattice site being connected to three nearest neighbors. We focus on the influence of magnetic frustration caused by the second-nearest neighbor spin interactions. Such interactions are likely to be significant due to large extent of 5d orbitals in iridates or other 5d transition metal oxides. In the classical limit, the ground state manifold is given by line degeneracies of the spiral magnetic-order wavevectors when J2/J1\gtrsim 0.17 while the collinear stripy order is included in the degenerate manifold when J2/J1 = 0.5. Quantum order-by-disorder effects are studied using both the semi-classical $1/S$ expansion in the spin wave theory and Schwinger boson approach. In general, certain coplanar spiral orders are chosen from the classical degenerate manifold for a large fraction of the phase diagram. Nonetheless quantum fluctuations favor the collinear stripy order over the spiral orders in an extended parameter region around J2/J1 = 0.5, despite the spin-rotation invariance of the underlying Hamiltonian. This is in contrast to the emergence of stripy order in the Heisenberg-Kitaev model studied earlier on the same lattice, where the Kitaev-type Ising interactions are important for stabilizing the stripy order. As quantum fluctuations become stronger, U(1) and Z2 quantum spin liquid phases are shown to arise via quantum disordering of the Neel, stripy and spiral magnetically-ordered phases. The effects of magnetic anisotropy and their relevance to future experiments are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Establishing the Factors Related to Domestic Burglary
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores some of the initial cognitive/affective factors potentially to be linked to burglary. The thesis has leant heavily upon research in other areas of forensic psychology, exploring the factors that have been found to be related to other offences (e.g. cognitive distortions, empathy, human needs). Over two studies, several factors were tested for their association to burglary. The first study highlights the associations between the proclivity to commit burglary, and burglary-related cognitive distortions, general criminal cognitive distortions, empathy (both cognitive and affective), and human needs. The study used a sample of non-offenders (N = 306). The findings suggest that burglary and general criminal cognitive distortions, as well as affective empathy, were associated with the proclivity to burgle. Furthermore, using regression analysis it was found that burglary cognitive distortions and general criminal cognitive distortions predicted burglary proclivity. The second study investigated into whether burglary proclivity, burglary cognitive distortions, burglary empathy, and emotional reactivity were associated with offence behaviours during a simulated virtual burglary. A sample of non-offenders simulated a first-time burglary offence (N = 51). The results have shown that burglary cognitive distortions, affective empathy, cognitive empathy, as well as confounding variables, related to Virtual Reality were associated with burglary behaviours. Additionally, the association between burglary typologies and burglary cognitions were tested and it was found that a subscale of burglary cognitive distortions was associated to an existing burglary typology. Overall both studies have begun to establish the association between burglary cognitions and the proclivity to commit burglary, as well as burglary offence behaviours. These initial factors can help establish a new theory regarding burglary, which in turn can aim to better work with burglars in a preventative, rehabilitative and assessment manner.
TeV cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra in the myriad model II
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Salati, Pierre
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations show that the cosmic ray nuclei spectra start to harden above 100 GeV, in contradiction with the conventional steady-state cosmic ray model. We had suggested that this anomaly is due to the propagation effect of cosmic rays released from local young cosmic ray sources, the total flux of the cosmic ray should be computed with the myriad model, where contribution from sources in local catalog is added to the background. However, while the hardening could be elegantly explained in this model, the model parameters obtained from the fit skew toward a region with fast diffusion and low supernova rate in the Galaxy, in tension with other observations. In this paper, we further explore this model in order to set up a concordant picture. Two possible improvements related to the cosmic ray sources have been considered. Firstly, instead of the usual axisymmetric disk model, we considered a spiral model of source distribution. Secondly, for the nearby and young sources which are paramount to the hardening, we allow for an energy-dependent escape time. We find that major improvement comes from the energy-dependent escape time of the local sources, and with both modifications, not only the cosmic ray proton and helium anomalies are solved, but also the parameters attain reasonable range values compatible with other analysis.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in RAA
Mode-by-mode hydrodynamics: ideas and concepts
Creators: name: Floerchinger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main ideas, technical concepts and perspectives for a mode resolved description of the hydrodynamical regime of relativistic heavy ion collisions are discussed. A background-fluctuation splitting and a Bessel-Fourier expansion for the fluctuating part of the hydrodynamical fields allows for a complete characterization of initial conditions, the fluid dynamical propagation of single modes, the study of interaction effects between modes, the determination of the associated particle spectra and the generalization of the whole program to event-by-event correlations and probability distributions.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, Plenary contribution to the International Conference on the Initial Stages of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions 2013 (IS2013)
Two-body gravitational spin-orbit interaction at linear order in the mass ratio
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Damour, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically compute, to linear order in the mass-ratio, the "geodetic" spin precession frequency of a small spinning body orbiting a large (non-spinning) body to the eight-and-a-half post-Newtonian order, thereby extending previous analytical knowledge which was limited to the third post-Newtonian level. These results are obtained applying analytical gravitational self-force theory to the first-derivative level generalization of Detweiler's gauge-invariant redshift variable. We compare our analytic results with strong-field numerical data recently obtained by S.~R.~Dolan et al. [Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 89}, 064011 (2014)]. Our new, high-post-Newtonian-order results capture the strong-field features exhibited by the numerical data. We argue that the spin-precession will diverge as $\approx -0.14/(1-3y)$ as the light-ring is approached. We transcribe our kinematical spin-precession results into a corresponding improved analytic knowledge of one of the two (gauge-invariant) effective gyro-gravitomagnetic ratios characterizing spin-orbit couplings within the effective-one-body formalism. We provide simple, accurate analytic fits both for spin-precession and the effective gyro-gravitomagnetic ratio. The latter fit predicts that the linear-in-mass-ratio correction to the gyro-gravitomagnetic ratio changes sign before reaching the light-ring. This strong-field prediction might be important for improving the analytic modeling of coalescing spinning binaries.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, revtex macros
title: The Impact of Anatomy Academy in Underserved Las Vegas Elementary Schools
Creators: name: Angeles, Jean
name: Armengual, Edgar
name: Myers, Katrina
name: Vollmer, Perceval
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description:
Anatomy Academy is an interactive, service-learning experience that allows doctoral physical therapy students to pose as educators for elementary-aged adolescents. Through instructional and activity-based learning, mentors formulated the program to encase anatomical, physiological, nutritional, and general health and wellness topics that translate into overall healthy behaviors. The experiment enveloped 7 major sectors of anatomy, including the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, pulmonary system, oral cavity/nutrition, gastrointestinal system, sensory system, and central nervous system. Throughout the length of the program, the doctoral candidates reviewed the quality of the content delivered, the engagement of the students and staff, and the effects this had on the children’s interest in future health science professions. The students were anonymously assessed before and after the Anatomy Academy program, however, they did not show significant improvements when compared as a whole. Therefore, while the students did favor the program showing positive recognition, as noted through post-survey results, they did not show remarkable or retained educational gain.
Self-consistent flattened isochrone models
Creators: name: Binney, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a family of self-consistent axisymmetric stellar systems that have analytic distribution functions (DFs) of the form f(J), so they depend on three integrals of motion and have triaxial velocity ellipsoids. The models, which are generalisations of Henon's isochrone sphere, have four dimensionless parameters, two determining the part of the DF that is even in L_z, and two determining the odd part of the DF (which determines the azimuthal velocity distribution). Outside their cores, the velocity ellipsoids of all models tend to point to the model's centre, and we argue that this behaviour is generic, so near the symmetry axis of a flattened model, the long axis of the velocity ellipsoid is naturally aligned with the symmetry axis and not perpendicular to it as in many published dynamical models of well-studied galaxies. By varying one of the DF's parameters, the intensity of rotation can be increased from zero up to a maximum value set by the requirement that the DF be non-negative. Since angle-action coordinates are easily computed for these models, they are ideally suited for perturbative treatments and stability analysis. They can also be used to choose initial conditions for an N-body model that starts in perfect equilibrium and to model observations of early-type galaxies. The modelling technique introduced here is readily extended to different radial density profiles, more complex kinematics, and multi-component systems. A number of important technical issues surrounding the determination of the models' observable properties are explained in two appendices.
description: 13 pages accepted by MNRAS
The PID Forum - History and Future
Creators: name: Braukmann, Ricarda
name: Meadows, Alice
name: Carpenter, Todd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Persistent identifiers
Community
PID Forum

description: Slides from a session on The PID Forum held at the Realising the EOSC event organised by FREYA, EOSC-Hub, and SSHOC on November 17th 2020. The PID Forum (pidforum.org) was established as an online community platform for PID enthousiasts by the FREYA project. As the FREYA project is ending NISO is taking over the hosting of the discussion forum to sustain it in the future. In this session, we looked back at the establishment of the Forum and into the future, discussing goals and priorities to further develop pidforum.org as a global PID community.
AzTEC/ASTE 1.1 mm survey of SSA22: Counterpart identification and photometric redshift survey of submillimeter galaxies
Creators: name: Umehata, H.
name: Tamura, Y.
name: Kohno, K.
name: Hatsukade, B.
name: Scott, K. S.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Cybulski, R.
name: Aretxaga, I.
name: Austermann, J.
name: Hughes, D. H.
name: Ezawa, H.
name: Hayashino, T.
name: Ikarashi, S.
name: Iono, D.
name: Kawabe, R.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Matsuo, H.
name: Nakanishi, K.
name: Oshima, T.
name: Perera, T.
name: Takata, T.
name: Wilson, G. W.
name: Yun, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from a 1.1 mm imaging survey of the SSA22 field, known for having an overdensity of z=3.1 Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs), taken with the AzTEC camera on the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE). We imaged a 950 arcmin$^2$ field down to a 1 sigma sensitivity of 0.7-1.3 mJy/beam to find 125 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) with a signal to noise ratio >= 3.5. Counterpart identification using radio and near/mid-infrared data was performed and one or more counterpart candidates were found for 59 SMGs. Photometric redshifts based on optical to near-infrared images were evaluated for 45 SMGs of these SMGs with Spitzer/IRAC data, and the median value is found to be z=2.4. By combining these estimation with estimates from the literature we determined that 10 SMGs might lie within the large-scale structure at z=3.1. The two-point angular cross-correlation function between LAEs and SMGs indicates that the positions of the SMGs are correlated with the z=3.1 protocluster. These results suggest that the SMGs were formed and evolved selectively in the high dense environment of the high redshift universe. This picture is consistent with the predictions of the standard model of hierarchical structure formation.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Enhanced Thermoelectric Efficiency via Orthogonal Electrical and Thermal Conductances in Phosphorene
Creators: name: Fei, Ruixiang
name: Faghaninia, Alireza
name: Soklaski, Ryan
name: Yan, Jia-An
name: Lo, Cynthia
name: Yang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelectric devices that utilize the Seebeck effect convert heat flow into electrical energy and are highly desirable for the development of portable, solid state, passively-powered electronic systems. The conversion efficiencies of such devices are quantified by the dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT), which is proportional to the ratio of a device's electrical conductance to its thermal conductance. High ZT (>2) has been achieved in materials via all-scale hierarchical architecturing. This efficiency holds at high temperatures (700K~900K) but quickly diminishes at lower temperatures. In this paper, a recently-fabricated two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor called phosphorene (monolayer black phosphorus) is assessed for its thermoelectric capabilities. First-principles and model calculations reveal that phosphorene possesses spatially-anisotropic electrical and thermal conductances. The prominent electrical and thermal conducting directions are orthogonal to one another, enhancing the ratio of these conductances. As a result, ZT can reach 2.5 (the criterion for commercial deployment) along the armchair direction of phosphorene at T=500K and is greater than 1 even at room temperature given moderate doping (~2 x 10^16 m-2). Ultimately, phosphorene stands out as an environmentally sound thermoelectric material with unprecedented qualities: intrinsically, it is a mechanically flexible material that converts heat energy with high efficiency at low temperatures (~ 300K) - one whose performance does not require any sophisticated engineering techniques.
description: 22 pages with 6 figures
Dielectric screening of surface states in a topological insulator
Creators: name: LeBlanc, J. P. F.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal warping provides an anisotropy to the dispersion curves of the helical Dirac fermions that exist at the surface of a topological insulator. A sub-dominant quadratic in momentum term leads to an asymmetry between conduction and valence band. A gap can also be opened through magnetic doping. We show how these various modifications to the Dirac spectrum change the polarization function of the surface states and employ our results to discuss their effect on the plasmons. In the long wavelength limit, the plasmon dispersion retains its square root dependence on its momentum, $\boldsymbol{q}$, but its slope is modified and it can acquire a weak dependence on the direction of $\boldsymbol{q}$. Further, we find the existence of several plasmon branches, one which is damped for all values of $\boldsymbol{q}$, and extract the plasmon scattering rate for a representative case.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Generation, manipulation, and detection of two-qubit entanglement in waveguide QED
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Ballestero, C.
name: Moreno, Esteban
name: Garcia-Vidal, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of using guided photons to generate, control, and measure the entanglement of two qubits that is mediated by a one-dimensional waveguide. We show how entanglement can be generated both with single photon and with two-photon wavepackets. The introduction of a second photon allows for a manipulation of the entanglement between the qubits, and phenomena such as sudden death and revival of entanglement appear. Finally, we propose a procedure for entanglement detection via the scattering output of a single-photon over a qubit state.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Stop on Top
Creators: name: Buckley, Matthew R.
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most natural supersymmetric solution to the hierarchy problem prefers the scalar top partner to be close in mass to the top quark. Experimental searches exclude top squarks across a wide range of masses, but a gap remains when the difference between the masses of the stop and the lightest supersymmetric particle is close to the top mass. We propose to search for stops in this regime by exploiting the azimuthal angular correlation of forward tagging jets in (s)top pair production. As shown in earlier work, this correlation is sensitive to the spin of the heavy states, allowing one to distinguish between top and stop pair production. Here, we demonstrate that this angular information can give a statistically significant stop pair production signal in the upcoming LHC run. While the appropriate simulation including parton showering and detector simulation requires some care, we find stable predictions for the angular correlation using multi-jet merging.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The effect of the Open Event on students’ attitudes towards science in school across the transfer from primary to secondary education
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: Although the importance of students having a ‘good transition’ and the dangers of students’ having a ‘bad transition’ in the transfer of schooling are well known within England there has been a lack of research on the effect that specific events have on students within that transition period. Therefore this study looks at a specific transition event, termed the Open Event, and how attending such an event might impact on students attitudes to science in school across the transfer from primary to secondary education. The study is based on cross sectional data collected from 23 English schools covering students aged between 9 years old (Year 5) to 14 years old(Year 8) which were deemed the ‘transition years’ as these two years cross the primary/secondary school divide. It involved using questionnaires as well as student and interviews with science staff in the secondary schools as well as focus groups. Field notes and audio-recordings were made throughout these visits to aid in analysis. The findings suggest that in trying to market itself and generate short term student interest at the Open Event, the science departments in these secondary schools inadvertently promoted a misconstrued image of secondary school science that can adversely affect not only students’ attitudes towards science in primary school but also change some students’ perception of the nature of school science. For some students attending an Open Event results in a decline in their attitude toward primary school science due to perceiving their primary school lessons, in contrast to what they have seen in the secondary school, as not being ‘proper science’. Although, for the majority of students, this effect seems to last for only one academic term there is an embedded misconception, due to the misconstrued image of science observed at the Open Event, that secondary school science will be mainly practical in nature. The implication of this study is that the discordance between the realities of science in school and students’ misconstrued expectations of science in school, developed from attending the Open Event, may play a role within the dip that has been reported in students’ attitudes towards science following their transition from primary to secondary education. As such giving a more realistic image of what actually occurs in secondary school science during Open Events may be more advantageous in the long term than focusing on developing a short term, unsustainable, image of science.
A Risk-driven Model for Work Allocation in Global Software Development Projects
Creators: name: Lamersdorf, Ansgar
name: Münch, Jürgen
name: Torre, Alicia Fernández-del Viso
name: Sánchez, Carlos Rebate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Risks and potential benefits of distributing software development projects globally depend to a large extent on how to allocate work to different development sites and regions. Existing methods in task allocation are likely to omit the relevance of considering a multitude of criteria and the impact of task distribution on risks and potential benefits. To assess risks stemming from specific work distributions and to exploit organization-specific experience, we have developed a customizable risk-driven model. It consists of two main steps: Suggesting a set of task allocation alternatives based on project- and site-specific characteristics and analyzing it with respect to possible project risks stemming from the work distribution. To evaluate the model, we conducted a series of semi-structured interviews in a multinational IT company. The results of the evaluation show that the suggestions of the model mostly comply with the retrospective views voiced by the involved experienced managers.
description: 10 pages. The final publication is available at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6063144
The history of a quiet-Sun magnetic element revealed by IMaX/SUNRISE
Creators: name: Requerey, Iker S.
name: Iniesta, Jose Carlos Del Toro
name: Rubio, Luis R. Bellot
name: Bonet, José A.
name: Pillet, Valentín Martínez
name: Solanki, Sami K.
name: Schmidt, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolated flux tubes are considered to be fundamental magnetic building blocks of the solar photosphere. Their formation is usually attributed to the concentration of magnetic field to kG strengths by the convective collapse mechanism. However, the small size of the magnetic elements in quiet-Sun areas has prevented this scenario from being studied in fully resolved structures. Here we report on the formation and subsequent evolution of one such photospheric magnetic flux tube, observed in the quiet Sun with unprecedented spatial resolution (0\farcs 15 - 0\farcs 18) and high temporal cadence (33 s). The observations were acquired by the Imaging Magnetograph Experiment (IMaX) aboard the \textsc{Sunrise} balloon-borne solar observatory. The equipartition field strength magnetic element is the result of the merging of several same polarity magnetic flux patches, including a footpoint of a previously emerged loop. The magnetic structure is then further intensified to kG field strengths by convective collapse. The fine structure found within the flux concentration reveals that the scenario is more complex than can be described by a thin flux tube model with bright points and downflow plumes being established near the edges of the kG magnetic feature. We also observe a daisy-like alignment of surrounding granules and a long-lived inflow towards the magnetic feature. After a subsequent weakening process, the field is again intensified to kG strengths. The area of the magnetic feature is seen to change in anti-phase with the field strength, while the brightness of the bright points and the speed of the downflows varies in phase. We also find a relation between the brightness of the bright point and the presence of upflows within it.
description: 13 pages. Accepted in ApJ. Animation 1 can be viewed and downloaded from: http://spg.iaa.es/downloads.asp
Kinetics of Laser-Assisted Carbon Nanotube Growth
Creators: name: van de Burgt, Yoeri
name: Bellouard, Yves
name: Mandamparambil, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-assisted chemical vapour deposition (CVD) growth is an attractive mask-less process for growing locally aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in selected places on temperature sensitive substrates. The nature of the localized process results in fast carbon nanotube growth with high experimental throughput. Here, we report on detailed investigation of growth kinetics related to physical and chemical process characteristics. Specifically, the growth kinetics is investigated by monitoring the dynamical changes of reflected laser beam intensity during growth. Benefiting from the fast growth and high experimental throughput, we investigate a wide range of experimental conditions and propose several growth regimes. Rate-limiting steps are determined using rate equations linked to the proposed growth regimes, which are further characterized by Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), therefore directly linking growth regimes to the structural quality of the CNTs. Activation energies for the different regimes are found in the range of 0.3 - 0.8 eV.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures
Testing the utility of simple models for predicting fracture in geometrically complex teeth
Creators: name: Sender, Rachel
name: Strait, David S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional stress results and an assessment of mesh density.
Equation of state and thickness of the inner crust of neutron stars
Creators: name: Grill, Fabrizio
name: Pais, Helena
name: Providência, Constança
name: Vidaña, Isaac
name: Avancini, Sidney S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cell structure of $β$-stable clusters in the inner crust of cold and warm neutron stars is studied within the Thomas-Fermi approach using relativistic mean field nuclear models. The relative size of the inner crust and the pasta phase of neutron stars is calculated, and the effect of the symmetry energy slope parameter, $L$, on the profile of the neutron star crust is discussed. It is shown that while the size of the total crust is mainly determined by the incompressibility modulus, the relative size of the inner crust depends on $L$. It is found that the inner crust represents a larger fraction of the total crust for smaller values of $L$. Finally, it is shown that at finite temperature the pasta phase in $β$-equilibrium matter essentially melts above $5-6$ MeV, and that the onset density of the rodlike and slablike structures does not depend on the temperature.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Mergers drive spin swings along the cosmic web
Creators: name: Welker, Charlotte
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Peirani, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The close relationship between mergers and the reorientation of the spin for galaxies and their host dark haloes is investigated using a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation (Horizon-AGN). Through a statistical analysis of merger trees, we show that spin swings are mainly driven by mergers along the filamentary structure of the cosmic web, and that these events account for the preferred perpendicular orientation of massive galaxies with respect to their nearest filament. By contrast, low-mass galaxies (M_s<10^10 M_sun at redshift 1.5) undergoing very few mergers, if at all, tend to possess a spin well aligned with their filament. Haloes follow the same trend as galaxies but display a greater sensitivity to smooth anisotropic accretion. The relative effect of mergers on spin magnitude is qualitatively different for minor and major mergers: mergers (and diffuse accretion) generally increase the magnitude of the angular momentum, but the most massive major mergers also give rise to a population of objects with less spin left. Without mergers secular accretion builds up the spin of galaxies but not that of haloes. It also (re)aligns galaxies with their filament.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS
A study of public attitudes to welfare in the UK with a comparative European element: Does housing tenure affect support for social security benefits?
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores the relationship between public attitudes to social security benefits and home ownership. It conceptualises housing as a key aspect of a person’s welfare and seeks to understand how tenure, and in particular the accumulation of assets through home ownership, influences public attitudes to monetary welfare benefits. My research investigates the claims of previous studies (such as Kemeny (1981, 2001, 2004) and Ansell (2014)), that countries with higher levels of home ownership have less public support for generous welfare systems. I also consider Saunders’ (1990) study which found that people had positive feelings towards home ownership and believed there to be stigma attached to social housing. I hypothesise that home ownership can be linked to attitudes to welfare benefits through home owners’ increased wealth, perceived financial security and feelings of independence that owning a home brings. I discuss problems with linking home ownership and attitudes. People do not always financially benefit from home ownership and they are not always aware of the financial value of their home. In order to investigate this relationship, this thesis uses quantitative analysis methods. Initially this paper undertakes in depth time series analysis of British Social Attitudes survey data. It then conducts comparative analysis of 24 European countries, using standardised data from countries’ official data collection sources (such as the European Social Survey and Eurostat). This allows for the exploration of home ownership levels and tenure mix in different European countries and a comparison of their levels of trust, engagement with politics and attitudes to welfare. In the third chapter of analysis this thesis returns to the UK to use the British Household Panel Survey to carry out a longitudinal analysis of attitudes over a 20-year period. This thesis finds that home owners hold the most negative attitudes towards benefits claimants in the UK. In addition to this, the analysis shows that social renters are highly supportive of redistributive policies and are more likely to think that welfare benefits should be increased. Similarly, it finds that across Europe people living in areas with higher numbers of social tenants are more likely to be supportive of generous social security systems. However, when comparing tenure and attitudes in Europe it is not found that people in areas of high home ownership hold particularly negative views towards benefits claimants compared to people living in areas with many private renters.
Quantum confinement in Si and Ge nanostructures: Effect of crystallinity
Creators: name: Barbagiovanni, Eric G.
name: Lockwood, David J.
name: Filho, Raimundo N. Costa
name: Goncharova, Lyudmila V.
name: Simpson, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look at the relationship between the preparation method of Si and Ge nanostructures (NSs) and the structural, electronic, and optical properties in terms of quantum confinement (QC). QC in NSs causes a blue shift of the gap energy with decreasing NS dimension. Directly measuring the effect of QC is complicated by additional parameters, such as stress, interface and defect states. In addition, differences in NS preparation lead to differences in the relevant parameter set. A relatively simple model of QC, using a `particle-in-a-box'-type perturbation to the effective mass theory, was applied to Si and Ge quantum wells, wires and dots across a variety of preparation methods. The choice of the model was made in order to distinguish contributions that are solely due to the effects of QC, where the only varied experimental parameter was the crystallinity. It was found that the hole becomes de-localized in the case of amorphous materials, which leads to stronger confinement effects. The origin of this result was partly attributed to differences in the effective mass between the amorphous and crystalline NS as well as between the electron and hole. Corrections to our QC model take into account a position dependent effective mass. This term includes an inverse length scale dependent on the displacement from the origin. Thus, when the deBroglie wavelength or the Bohr radius of the carriers is on the order of the dimension of the NS the carriers `feel' the confinement potential altering their effective mass. Furthermore, it was found that certain interface states (Si-O-Si) act to pin the hole state, thus reducing the oscillator strength.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.2014
Hydration shell effects in the relaxation dynamics of photoexcited Fe-II complexes in water
Creators: name: Nalbach, P.
name: Achner, A. J. A.
name: Frey, M.
name: Grosser, M.
name: Gawelda, W.
name: Galler, A.
name: Assefa, T.
name: Bressler, C.
name: Thorwart, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relaxation dynamics of photoexcited Fe-II complexes dissolved in water and identify the relaxation pathway which the molecular complex follows in presence of a hydration shell of bound water at the interface between the complex and the solvent. Starting from a low-spin state, the photoexcited complex can reach the high-spin state via a cascade of different possible transitions involving electronic as well as vibrational relaxation processes. By numerically exact path integral calculations for the relaxational dynamics of a continuous solvent model, we find that the vibrational life times of the intermittent states are of the order of a few ps. Since the electronic rearrangement in the complex occurs on the time scale of about 100 fs, we find that the complex first rearranges itself in a high-spin and highly excited vibrational state, before it relaxes its energy to the solvent via vibrational relaxation transitions. By this, the relaxation pathway can be clearly identified. We find that the life time of the vibrational states increases with the size of the complex (within a spherical model), but decreases with the thickness of the hydration shell, indicating that the hydration shell acts as an additional source of fluctuations.
Higgs mediated Flavour Violation in 2HDMs and the MSSM -- An Overview
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings we review the flavour phenomenology of two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs) and connect the results to the decoupling limit of the MSSM. We first study the impact of FCNC constraints on the allowed parameter space of the 2HDM and examine how recent deviations from the SM expectations in tauonic $B$ decays (observed by BABAR) can be explained in a 2HDM with generic flavour structure (of type III) with sizable flavour violation in the up-sector. Afterwards, we discusses the matching of the MSSM on the 2HDM of type III. Here we focus on the two-loop SQCD corrections to the Higgs-quark-quark couplings.
description: Proceedings for "Les Rencontres de Physique de la Vallee d'Aoste", 8 pages, 4 figures
MPEC 2023-M09 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 June 16)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Sign Reversal of the Hall Response in a Crystalline Superconductor
Creators: name: Berg, Erez
name: Huber, Sebastian D.
name: Lindner, Netanel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Hall conductivity due to the motion of a vortex in a lattice-model of a clean superconductor, using a combination of general arguments, unrestricted Hartree-Fock calculations, and exact diagonalization. In the weak coupling limit, $k_F ξ\gg 1$, the sign of the Hall response of the superconducting state is the same as that of the normal (non-superconducting) state. For intermediate and strong coupling, however, ($k_F ξ\sim 1$) we find that the sign of the Hall response in the superconducting state can be opposite to that of the normal state. In addition, we find that the sign reversal of the Hall response is correlated with a discontinuous change in the density profile at the vortex core. Implications for experiments in the cuprate superconductors are discussed.
description: 4+ pages and supplementary material
Power or Benevolence: Towards a New Participatory Photography Approach in the NGO Environment
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: In recent years participatory photography projects have been put to use by Non-Government Organisations around the world. Rooted in the emancipatory approach of the Brazilian theorist Paulo Freire(1970) these projects hand cameras to people in marginalised communities and ask them what they see. The participatory project’s benevolent aim is to speak to oppressive power relationships, empowering participants to visualize and share their problems from their own perspective. But is all as it seems? In this investigation I draw on my experiences as a participatory photography practitioner to explore how, in the context of contemporary neoliberal globalisation and its influence on NGOs, participatory methods are being pulled away from their emancipatory motive into an increasingly complex political relationship. The practice-based element of this project takes place in Kigali, where I use Participatory Action Research (PAR) as a methodology to test a fresh approach to participatory photography. My aim is to build from current participatory photography method sand reconnect the process with its Freireian roots. To address the questions of power at play with visual representation in the NGO environment I bring Allan Sekula’s counter-political approach to photography (1984) to the educational ideas of Paulo Freire. At the heart of Freire’s concept is a process by which through inquiry, humans become more aware of the sources of their oppression. Freire defined this as ‘conscientisation’ (1970). Allan Sekula developed ideas about the ‘traffic in photographs’ (1984), the nature of power and representation, and proposed a potential for the reversal of the flow of power-knowledge. I seek to merge and adapt these methods and ideas to the present as a participant-led, live, arts-based political practice.
Minerals detection for hyperspectral images using adapted linear unmixing: LinMin
Creators: name: Frederic, Schmidt
name: Maxime, Legendre
name: Stephane, Le Mouelic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minerals detection over large volume of spectra is the challenge addressed by current hyperspectral imaging spectrometer in Planetary Science. Instruments such OMEGA (Mars Express), CRISM (Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), M^{3} (Chandrayaan-1), VIRTIS (Rosetta) and many more, have been producing very large datasets since one decade. We propose here a fast supervised detection algorithm called LinMin, in the framework of linear unmixing, with innovative arrangement in order to treat non-linear cases due to radiative transfer in both atmosphere and surface. We use reference laboratory and synthetic spectral library. Additional spectra are used in order to mimic the effect of Martian aerosols, grain size, and observation geometry discrepancies between reference and observed spectra. The proposed algorithm estimates the uncertainty on mixing coefficient from the uncertainty of observed spectra. Both numerical and observational tests validate the approach. Fast parallel implementation of the best algorithm (IPLS) on Graphics Processing Units (GPU) allows to significantly reduce the computation cost by a factor of 40.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Icarus
Architectural Pattern of Health Care System Using GSM Networks
Creators: name: A, Meiappane.
name: Venkatesan, Dr. V. Prasanna
name: S, Selva Murugan.
name: A, Arun.
name: A, Ramachandran.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale networked environments, such as the Internet, possess the characteristics of centralised data, centralised access and centralised control; this gives the user a powerful mechanism for building and integrating large repositories of centralised information from diverse resources set. However, a centralised network system with GSM Networks development for a hospital information systems or a health care information portal is still in its infancy. The shortcomings of the currently available tools have made the use of mobile devices more appealing. In mobile computing, the issues such as low bandwidth, high latency wireless Networks, loss or degradation of wireless connections, and network errors or failures need to be dealt with. Other issues to be addressed include system adaptability, reliability, robustness, extensibility, flexibility, and maintainability. GSM approach has emerged as the most viable approach for development of intelligent software applications for wireless mobile devices in a centralized environment, which gives higher band width of 900 MHz for transmission. The e-healthcare system that we have developed provides support for physicians, nurses, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals, as well as for patients and medical devices used to monitor patients. In this paper, we present the architecture and the demonstration prototype.
description: 7 pages
BY-COVID Deliverable 8.1.2 Project Handbook initial release and periodic updates
Creators: name: Willems, Marieke
name: Taverner, Ellie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: BY-COVID
Beyond COVID
Project Handbook
Processes
Guidance

description: The Project Handbook provides a complete overview of the management and administrative procedures and principles to ensure an efficient execution of the BY-COVID project, thus contributing to the production of high quality project results. It contains all relevant planning information that the consortium partners will use as a framework for delivery during the course of the project, therefore, it is the point of reference for all consortium partners and stakeholders. The Project Handbook documents the selected approach for implementing the project goals, including the milestones, deliverables and relevant KPIs. It also highlights the key controlling processes to be used, the project policies and rules, and the overall management approach, including, but not limited to management structure, tasks, decision-making procedures, responsibilities and roles. Language adopted throughout the documents aims to be clear and concise. The Project Handbook is kept up to date throughout the life of the project through annual revisions. This is a guidance document. It should not be relied upon for making any legal assessments, for which Beneficiaries should always refer to the Grant Agreement (including its annexes) and the Consortium Agreement.
Weibull-Lindley Distribution: A Bathtub Shaped Failure Rate Model
Creators: name: V. M. Chacko
name: Deepthi K., S.
name: Beenu Thomas
name: Rajitha, C.
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2018
Subjects: Reliability
Bathtub shaped failure rate
Weibull distribution
Lindley distribution.

description: The Lindley and Weibull are the two most commonly used distributions for analyzing lifetime data. These distributions have several desirable properties and nice physical interpretations. This paper introduces a new distribution, which generalizes the wellknown Lindley and Weibull distribution, having Bathtub shaped failure rate. The Statistical properties of this distribution are discussed in this paper. Applications in reliability study are discussed. A real data set is analyzed and it is observed that the present distribution can provide a better than some other very well known distributions.