cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A maximum-likelihood-based technique for detecting extended gamma-ray sources with VERITAS
Creators: name: Chromey, Alisha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray observations ranging from hundreds of MeV to tens of TeV are a valuable tool for studying particle acceleration and diffusion within our galaxy. Supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, and star-forming regions are the main particle accelerators in our local Galaxy. Constructing a coherent physical picture of these astrophysical objects requires the ability to distinguish extended regions of gamma-ray emission, the ability to analyze small-scale spatial variation within these regions, and methods to synthesize data from multiple observatories across multiple wavebands. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) provide fine angular resolution (<0.1 degree) for gamma-rays above 100 GeV. Typical data reduction methods rely on source-free regions in the field of view to estimate cosmic-ray background. This presents difficulties for sources with unknown extent or those which encompass a large portion of the IACT field of view (3.5 degrees for VERITAS). Maximum-likelihood-based techniques are well-suited for analysis of fields with multiple overlapping sources, diffuse background components, and combining data from multiple observatories. Such methods also offer an alternative approach to estimating the IACT cosmic-ray background and consequently an enhanced sensitivity to largely extended sources. In this proceeding, we report on the current status and performance of a maximum likelihood technique for the IACT VERITAS. In particular, we focus on how our method framework employs a dimension for gamma-hadron separation parameters in order to improve sensitivity on extended sources.
description: Conference proceeding for a poster at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.05352
Coexistence of intrinsic piezoelectricity, ferromagnetism and nontrivial band topology in Li-decorated Janus monolayer $\mathrm{Fe_2SSe}$ with high Curie temperature
Creators: name: Guo, San-Dong
name: Mu, Wen-Qi
name: Yin, Meng-Yuan
name: Li, Yu-Chen
name: Ren, Wencai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulators are predicted in Lithium-decorated iron-based superconductor monolayer materials (LiFeX (X=S, Se and Te)) with very high Curie temperature (\textcolor[rgb]{0.00,0.00,1.00}{PRL 125, 086401 (2020)}), which combines the topological and ferromagnetic (FM) orders. It is interesting and useful to achieve coexistence of intrinsic piezoelectricity, ferromagnetism and nontrivial band topology in single two-dimensional (2D) material, namely 2D piezoelectric quantum anomalous hall insulator (PQAHI). In this work, 2D Janus monolayer $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SSe}$ is predict to be a room-temperature PQAHI, which possesses dynamic, mechanical and thermal stabilities. It is predicted to be a half Dirac semimetal without spin-orbit coupling (SOC). It is found that the inclusion of SOC opens up a large nontrivial gap, which means the nontrivial bulk topology (QAH insulator), confirmed by the calculation of Berry curvature and the presence of two chiral edge states (Chern number C=2). Calculated results show that monolayer $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SSe}$ possesses robust QAH states against biaxial strain and electronic correlations. Compared to LiFeX, the glide mirror $G_z$ of $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SSe}$ disappears, which will induce only out-of-plane piezoelectric response. The calculated out-of-plane $d_{31}$ of monolayer $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SSe}$ is -0.238 pm/V comparable with ones of other 2D known materials. Moreover, very high Curie temperature (about 1000 K) is predicted by using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, which means that the QAH effect can be achieved at room temperature in Janus monolayer $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SSe}$. Similar to monolayer $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SSe}$, the PQAHI can also be realized in the Janus monolayer $\mathrm{Li_2Fe_2SeTe}$.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2105.03004
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Arge, Lars
name: Pach, János
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 34, 31st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2015), pages i-xx
Additional file 3 of Serum antioxidant vitamin concentrations and oxidative stress markers associated with symptoms and severity of premenstrual syndrome: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Frankel, Robyn A.
name: Michels, Kara A.
name: Keewan Kim
name: Kuhr, Daniel L.
name: Ukpebo R. Omosigho
name: Wactawski-Wende, Jean
name: Levine, Lindsay
name: Perkins, Neil J.
name: Mumford, Sunni L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Associations between time-varying serum antioxidant and F2-isoprostane concentrations and presence of any moderate or severe PMS symptoms per cycle phase by symptom type.
A ENFERMAGEM NO CONTEXTO DA SAÚDE DIGITAL: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES DA TELESSAÚDE NA ASSISTÊNCIA A PACIENTES CRÔNICOS
Creators: name: Jocirley de OLIVEIRA
name: Odeize Viana COSTA
name: Renata Soares do NASCIMENTO
name: Savio Alves de ARAÚJO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Telessaúde
Enfermagem
. Pacientes Crônicos
Saúde Digital
Cuidado Continuado

description: RESUMO

 

A telessaúde emergiu como uma ferramenta essencial no cuidado a pacientes crônicos, oferecendo novas possibilidades para a Enfermagem. Este estudo explora os desafios e as oportunidades da telessaúde na assistência de enfermagem a pacientes com condições crônicas. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, envolveu revisão de literatura e entrevistas com enfermeiros atuantes em serviços de telessaúde. Os resultados mostram que a telessaúde facilita o monitoramento contínuo e promove maior adesão ao tratamento, mas enfrenta barreiras como a falta de capacitação tecnológica e dificuldades na comunicação paciente-enfermeiro. Conclui-se que a integração da telessaúde exige um investimento em formação específica para os profissionais e adaptação de estratégias de cuidado que sejam personalizadas e tecnológicas.
Effect of the Composition on the Free Energy of Crystal Nucleation for CuPd Nanoalloys
Creators: name: Desgranges, Caroline
name: Delhommelle, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular simulation, we study the nucleation process from supercooled liquid alloys of Cu and Pd. The simulations reveal a complex interplay between the size of the crystal nucleus and its composition that greatly impacts the crystallization process on the nanoscale. In particular, we find that the free energy of nucleation strongly depends on the composition of the alloy, with a free energy barrier for the equimolar alloy that is more than two times larger than for the pure metals. We attribute this increase in free energy to the variations in composition occurring both at the surface and in the core of the nucleus. The local changes in composition are then analyzed by comparing the surface energies of the two metals and by taking into account the competition between crystallization and demixing that takes place at the interface between the nucleus and the surrounding liquid.
Principal eigenvalues and an anti-maximum principle for homogeneous fully nonlinear elliptic equations
Creators: name: Armstrong, Scott N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60; 35P30; 35B50

description: We study the fully nonlinear elliptic equation $F(D^2u,Du,u,x) = f$ in a smooth bounded domain $Ω$, under the assumption the nonlinearity $F$ is uniformly elliptic and positively homogeneous. Recently, it has been shown that such operators have two principal "half" eigenvalues, and that the corresponding Dirichlet problem possesses solutions, if both of the principal eigenvalues are positive. In this paper, we prove the existence of solutions of the Dirichlet problem if both principal eigenvalues are negative, provided the "second" eigenvalue is positive, and generalize the anti-maximum principle of Clément and Peletier to homogeneous, fully nonlinear operators.
description: 32 pages
Evaluierung von Messmethodik und Kulturbedingungen zur Bestimmung volatiler Emissionen von Mykobakterien
Creators: name: Gierschner, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Needletrap-Microextraction (NTME) und Solidphase-Microextraction wurden anhand von Messungen volatiler organischer Substanzen (VOC) im Headspace von Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis Kulturen miteinander verglichen. Messungen mit NTME ergaben ein umfassenderes VOC-Profil. VOC-Profile von Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis unterschieden sich signifikant bei Kultivierung auf verschiedenen Kulturmedien und sind zeit- und wachstumsabhängig. 17 VOCs wurden als potentielle generelle Markersubstanzen für Mykobakterien evaluiert.
Additional file 4 of Serum antioxidant vitamin concentrations and oxidative stress markers associated with symptoms and severity of premenstrual syndrome: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Frankel, Robyn A.
name: Michels, Kara A.
name: Keewan Kim
name: Kuhr, Daniel L.
name: Ukpebo R. Omosigho
name: Wactawski-Wende, Jean
name: Levine, Lindsay
name: Perkins, Neil J.
name: Mumford, Sunni L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Associations between time-varying serum antioxidant and F2-isoprostane concentrations and symptom scores by cycle.
Universal features and tail analysis of the order-parameter distribution of the two-dimensional Ising model: An entropic sampling Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Malakis, Anastasios
name: Fytas, Nikolaos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of the order-parameter probability density function (PDF) of the square Ising model for lattices with linear sizes $L=80-140$. A recent efficient entropic sampling scheme, combining the Wang-Landau and broad histogram methods and based on the high-levels of the Wang-Landau process in dominant energy subspaces is employed. We find that for large lattices there exists a stable window of the scaled order-parameter in which the full ansatz including the pre-exponential factor for the tail regime of the universal PDF is well obeyed. This window is used to estimate the equation of state exponent and to observe the behavior of the universal constants implicit in the functional form of the universal PDF. The probability densities are used to estimate the universal Privman-Fisher coefficient and to investigate whether one could obtain reliable estimates of the universal constants controlling the asymptotic behavior of the tail regime.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
On Selection of Semiparametric Spatial Regression Models
Creators: name: Wang, Guannan
name: Wang, Jue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we focus on the variable selection techniques for a class of semiparametric spatial regression models which allow one to study the effects of explanatory variables in the presence of the spatial information. The spatial smoothing problem in the nonparametric part is tackled by means of bivariate splines over triangulation, which is able to deal efficiently with data distributed over irregularly shaped regions. In addition, we develop a unified procedure for variable selection to identify significant covariates under a double penalization framework, and we show that the penalized estimators enjoy the "oracle" property. The proposed method can simultaneously identify non-zero spatially distributed covariates and solve the problem of "leakage" across complex domains of the functional spatial component. To estimate the standard deviations of the proposed estimators for the coefficients, a sandwich formula is developed as well. In the end, Monte Carlo simulation examples and a real data example are provided to illustrate the proposed methodology. All technical proofs are given in the supplementary materials.
Additional file 1 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Dictionary Data. MACCS keys assignments. The set contains the assignments of letters to MACCS keys and list of used keys is presented.
Additional file 2 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Sentence length distribution. Distribution profile of product-reactant pairs.
Systems for the selection of truly random samples from tree populations and extension of variable plot sampling to the third dimension
Creators: name: Iles, Kimberley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Means of drawing truly random samples from populations of trees distributed non-randomly in a plane are practically unknown. Only the technique of numbering all items and drawing from a list is commonly suggested. Two other techniques are developed, reducing plot size and selecting from a cluster with probability (1/M) where M is larger than the cluster size. The exact bias from some other selection schemes is shown by the construction of "preference maps". Methods of weighting the selection by tree height, diameter, basal area, gross volume, vertical cross-sectional area and combinations of diameter and basal area are described. None of them require actual measurement of the tree parameters. Mechanical devices and field techniques are described which simplify field application. The use of projected angles, such as are used in Variable Plot Sampling is central to most of these methods. Critical Height Sampling Theory is developed as a generalization of Variable Plot Sampling. The field problem is simply to measure the height to where a sighted tree is "borderline" with a relaskop. The average sum of these "critical heights" at a point multiplied by the Basal Area Factor of a prism gives a direct estimate of stand volume without the aid of volume tables or tree measurements. Approximation techniques which have the geometrical effect of changing the expanded tree shape are described. The statistical advantages of using the system were not found to be large, and the problems of measuring the critical height on nearby trees was severe. In general use there appears to be no advantage over standard techniques of Variable Plot Sampling, however in situations where no volume tables exist it may have application, and the problem of steep measurements angles to nearby trees can be overcome by using an optical caliper. The system can also overcome the problem of "ongrowth" for permanent sample plots.
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and Phase transition of Ehrenfest urns with interactions
Creators: name: Cheng, Chi-Ho
name: Lai, Pik-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ehrenfest urns with interaction that are connected in a ring is considered as a paradigm model for non-equilibrium thermodynamics and is shown to exhibit two distinct non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) of uniform and non-uniform particle distributions. As the inter-particle attraction varies, a first order non-equilibrium phase transition occurs between these two NESSs characterized by a coexistence regime. The phase boundaries, the NESS particle distributions near saddle points and the associated particle fluxes, average urn population fractions, and the relaxational dynamics to the NESSs are obtained analytically and verified numerically. A generalized non-equilibrium thermodynamics law is also obtained, which explicitly identifies the heat, work, energy and entropy of the system.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 3 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. 1-bit keys. Examples to molecules that are represented with only one bit.
Isovector giant monopole and quadrupole resonances in a Skyrme energy density functional approach with axial symmetry
Creators: name: Yoshida, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Background] Giant resonance (GR) is a typical collective mode of vibration. The deformation splitting of the isovector (IV) giant dipole resonance is well established. However, the splitting of GRs with other multipolarities is not well understood. [Purpose] I explore the IV monopole and quadrupole excitations and attempt to obtain the generic features of IV giant resonances in deformed nuclei by investigating the neutral and charge-exchange channels simultaneously. [Method] I employ a nuclear energy-density functional (EDF) method: the Skyrme-Kohn-Sham-Bogoliubov and the quasiparticle random-phase approximation are used to describe the ground state and the transition to excited states. [Results] I find the concentration of the monopole strengths in the energy region of the isobaric analog or Gamow-Teller resonance irrespective of nuclear deformation, and the appearance of a high-energy giant resonance composed of the particle-hole configurations of $2\hbar ω_0$ excitation. Splitting of the distribution of the strength occurs in the giant monopole and quadrupole resonances due to deformation. The lower $K$ states of quadrupole resonances appear lower in energy and possess the enhanced strengths in the prolate configuration, and vice versa in the oblate configuration, while the energy ordering depending on $K$ is not clear for the $J=1$ and $J=2$ spin-quadrupole resonances. [Conclusions] The deformation splitting occurs generously in the giant monopole and quadrupole resonances. The $K$-dependence of the quadrupole transition strengths is largely understood by the anisotropy of density distribution.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors
Creators: name: Moss, Lawrence S.
name: Sobocinski, Pawel
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: List of Authors

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 35, 6th Conference on Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science (CALCO 2015), pages i-xii
Low-lying excitations of the three-leg spin tube using the density-matrix renormalization group method
Creators: name: Nishimoto, S.
name: Arikawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the (dynamical) density-matrix renormalization group method, we study the low-energy physics of three-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model where the periodic boundary conditions are applied in the rung direction. We confirm that the spin excitations are always gapped as long as the intra-ring couplings form a regular triangle. From precise finite-size-scaling analyses of the spin gap and dimerization order parameter, we also find that the spin gap is collapsed by very small asymmetric modulation of the intra-ring couplings. Moreover, the dynamical spin structure factors on the intra- and inter-leg correlations are calculated. It is demonstrated that the low-lying structure of the inter-leg spectra is particularly affected by the asymmetric modulation.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Off-axis gyration induces large-area circular motion of anisotropic microparticles in a dynamic magnetic trap
Creators: name: Liu, Yuan
name: Lin, Gungun
name: Jin, Dayong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic tweezers are crucial for single-molecule and atomic characterization, and biomedical isolation of microparticle carriers. The trapping component of magnetic tweezing can be relying on a magnetic potential well that can confine the relevant species to a localized region. Here, we report that magnetic microparticles with tailored anisotropy can transition from localized off-axis gyration to large-area locomotion in a rotating magnetic trap. The microparticles, consisting of assemblies of magnetic cores, are observed to either rotate about its structural geometric center or gyrate about one of the magnetic cores, the switching of which can be modulated by the external field. Raising the magnetic field strength above a threshold, the particles can go beyond the traditional synchronous-rotation and asynchronous-oscillation modes, and into a scenario of large-area circular motion. This results in peculiar retrograde locomotion related to the magnetization maxima of the microparticle. Our finding suggests the important role of the microparticle's magnetic morphology in the controlled transport of microparticles and developing smart micro-actuators and micro-robot devices.
description: 4 figures
Hardware realisation of nonlinear dynamical systems for and from biology
Creators: name: Soleimani, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The focus of this thesis is on the applications of nonlinear dynamical systems in bioengineering which are mainly used in large-scale and generally categorised into two groups: (1) dynamical systems from biology (2) dynamical systems for biology. The mathematical models describing the dynamical systems used in the above systems can be simulated with the use of powerful software such as MATLAB, however, for large-scale simulations software begins to collapse. Besides, computer-based simulations are not always suitable for interfacing with biological/physical systems where continuous monitoring with low power and area consumption might be required. To alleviate these issues, a few novel hardware techniques for both aforementioned groups are proposed and their hardware results compared and validated by software simulations.
description: PhD thesis
title: 30. Forum Bauinformatik
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bauinformatik
subject: BIM
subject: 000

description: Die Bauhaus-Universität Weimar ist seit langer Zeit mit dem Forum Bauinformatik eng verbunden. So wurde die Veranstaltung 1989 hier durch den Arbeitskreis Bauinformatik ins Leben gerufen und auch das 10. und 18. Forum Bauinformatik (1998 bzw. 2006) fand in Weimar statt. In diesem Jahr freuen wir uns daher besonders, das 30. Jubiläum an der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar ausrichten zu dürfen und viele interessierte Wissenschaftler und Wissenschaftlerinnen aus dem Bereich der Bauinformatik in Weimar willkommen zu heißen.
Das Forum Bauinformatik hat sich längst zu einem festen Bestandteil der Bauinformatik im deutschsprachigen Raum entwickelt. Dabei steht es traditionsgemäß unter dem Motto „von jungen Forschenden für junge Forschende“, wodurch insbesondere Nachwuchswissenschaftlerinnen und ‑wissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit geboten wird, ihre Forschungsarbeiten zu präsentieren, Problemstellungen fachspezifisch zu diskutieren und sich über den neuesten Stand der Forschung zu informieren. Zudem wird eine ausgezeichnete Gelegenheit geboten, in die wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft im Bereich der Bauinformatik einzusteigen und Kontakte mit anderen Forschenden zu knüpfen.
In diesem Jahr erhielten wir 49 interessante und qualitativ hochwertige Beiträge vor allem in den Themenbereichen Simulation, Modellierung, Informationsverwaltung, Geoinformatik, Structural Health Monitoring, Visualisierung, Verkehrssimulation und Optimierung. Dafür möchten wir uns ganz besonders bei allen Autoren, Co-Autoren und Reviewern bedanken, die durch ihr Engagement das diesjährige Forum Bauinformatik erst möglich gemacht haben. Wir danken zudem Professor Große und Professor Díaz für die Unterstützung bei der Auswahl der Beiträge für die Best Paper Awards. 
Ein herzliches Dankeschön geht an die Kollegen an der Professur Informatik im Bauwesen der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar für die organisatorische, technische und beratende Unterstützung während der Planung der Veranstaltung.
Additional file 4 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. Fingerprint dependency. Comparison of model accuracy using EFCP and MACCS.
Anomalous diamagnetism of electride electrons in transition metal silicides
Creators: name: Hiraishi, M.
name: Kojima, K. M.
name: Okabe, H.
name: Koda, A.
name: Kadono, R.
name: Wu, J.
name: Lu, Y.
name: Hosono, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermetallic silicide compounds, LaScSi and Y$_5$Si$_3$, known for being hydrogen (H) storage materials, are drawing attention as candidates for electrides in which anions are substituted by unbound electrons. It is inferred from a muon spin rotation experiment that the local field at the muon site (which is the same site as that for H) in these compounds exhibits a large negative shift under an external magnetic field, which is mostly independent of temperature. Such anomalous diamagnetism signals a unique property of electride electrons associated with transition metals. Moreover, the diamagnetic shift decreases with increasing H content, suggesting that the electride electrons existing coherently in the hollow interstitial positions are adsorbed by H to form hydride ions (H$^-$)
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 6 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S5A. Bioactively similar reactions. Depictions of ten bioactively similar reactant candidates (1–5).
A perturbative CFT dual for pure NS-NS AdS$_3$ strings
Creators: name: Eberhardt, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a CFT dual to string theory on AdS$_3$ with pure NS-NS flux. It is given by a symmetric orbifold of a linear dilaton theory deformed by a marginal operator from the twist-2 sector. We compute two- and three-point functions on the CFT side to 4th order in conformal perturbation theory at large $N$. They agree with the string computation at genus 0, thus providing ample evidence for a duality. We also show that the full spectra of both short and long strings on the CFT and the string side match. The duality should be understood as perturbative in $N^{-1}$.
description: 50 pages
title: Noise in an intensive care unit
Creators: name: Salandin, Andrea
name: Arnold, Jörg
name: Kornadt, Oliver
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2017
Subjects: Lärm
Messung
Akustik
Intensivstation
Arbeitsplatz

description: Patients and staff in hospitals are exposed to a complex sound environment with rather high noise levels. In intensive care units, the main noise sources are hospital staff on duty and medical equipment, which generates both operating noise and acoustic alarms. Although noise in most cases is produced during activities for the purpose of saving life, noise can induce significant changes in the depth and quality of sleep and negatively affect health in general. Results of a survey of hospital staff are presented as well as measurements in two German hospital wards: a standard two-bed room and a special Intermediate Care Unit (IMC-Unit), each in a different Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Sound pressure data were collected over a 48 hour period and converted into different levels (LAFeq, LAFmax, LAFmin, LAF 5%), as well as a rating level LAr, which is used to take tonality and impulsiveness into account. An analysis of the survey and the measured data, together with a comparison of thresholds of national and international regulations and standards describe the acoustic situation and its likely noise effects on staff and patients.
Star Formation in CALIFA survey perturbed galaxies. II. Star Formation Histories and Oxygen Abundances
Creators: name: Morales-Vargas, A.
name: Torres-Papaqui, J. P.
name: Rosales-Ortega, F. F.
name: Chow-Martínez, M.
name: Trejo-Alonso, J. J.
name: Ortega-Minakata, R. A.
name: Robleto-Orús, A. C.
name: Romero-Cruz, F. J.
name: Neri-Larios, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy evolution is generally affected by tidal interactions. Firstly, in this series, we reported several effects which suggest that tidal interactions contribute to regulating star formation (SF). To confirm that so, we now compare stellar mass assembly histories and SF look-back time annular profiles between CALIFA survey tidally and non-tidally perturbed galaxies. We pair their respective star-forming regions at the closest stellar mass surface densities to reduce the influence of stellar mass. The assembly histories and annular profiles show statistically significant differences so that higher star formation rates characterize regions in tidally perturbed galaxies. These regions underwent a more intense (re)activation of SF in the last 1 Gyr. Varying shapes of the annular profiles also reflect fluctuations between suppression and (re)activation of SF. Since gas-phase abundances use to be lower in more actively than in less actively star-forming galaxies, we further explore the plausible presence of metal-poor gas inflows able to dilute such abundances. The resolved relations of oxygen (O) abundance, with stellar mass density and with total gas fraction, show slightly lower O abundances for regions in tidally perturbed galaxies. The single distributions of O abundances statistically validate that so. Moreover, from a metallicity model based on stellar feedback, the mass rate differentials (inflows$-$outflows) show statistically valid higher values for regions in tidally perturbed galaxies. These differentials, and the metal fractions from the population synthesis, suggest dominant gas inflows in these galaxies. This dominance, and the differences in SF through time, confirm the previously reported effects of tidal interactions on SF.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures
A mean-field theory for self-propelled particles interacting by velocity alignment mechanisms
Creators: name: Peruani, Fernando
name: Deutsch, Andreas
name: Baer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mean-field approach (MFA) is proposed for the analysis of orientational order in a two-dimensional system of stochastic self-propelled particles interacting by local velocity alignment mechanism. The treatment is applied to the cases of ferromagnetic (F) and liquid-crystal (LC) alignment. In both cases, MFA yields a second order phase transition for a critical noise strength and a scaling exponent of 1/2 for the respective order parameters. We find that the critical noise amplitude $η_c$ at which orientational order emerges in the LC case is smaller than in the F-alignment case, i.e. $η^{LC}_{C}
Additional file 5 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Similarity Measure Dependency. Effect of similarity metric type on model performance.
First-order transition features of the triangular Ising model with nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic interactions
Creators: name: Malakis, A.
name: Fytas, N. G.
name: Kalozoumis, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a new and accurate numerical entropic scheme to investigate the first-order transition features of the triangular Ising model with nearest-neighbor ($J_{nn}$) and next-nearest-neighbor ($J_{nnn}$) antiferromagnetic interactions in ratio $R=J_{nn}/J_{nnn}=1$. Important aspects of the existing theories of first-order transitions are briefly reviewed, tested on this model, and compared with previous work on the Potts model. Using lattices with linear sizes $L=30,40,...,100,120,140,160,200,240,360$ and 480 we estimate the thermal characteristics of the present weak first-order transition. Our results improve the original estimates of Rastelli et al. and verify all the generally accepted predictions of the finite-size scaling theory of first-order transitions, including transition point shifts, thermal, and magnetic anomalies. However, two of our findings are not compatible with current phenomenological expectations. The behavior of transition points, derived from the number-of-phases parameter, is not in accordance with the theoretically conjectured exponentially small shift behavior and the well-known double Gaussian approximation does not correctly describe higher correction terms of the energy cumulants. It is argued that this discrepancy has its origin in the commonly neglected contributions from domain wall corrections.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures
title: Is flow velocity a significant parameter in flood damage modelling?
Creators: name: Kreibich, H.
name: Piroth, K.
name: Seifert, I.
name: Maiwald, H.
name: Kunert, U.
name: Schwarz, Jochen
name: Merz, B.
name: Thieken, A. H.
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strömungsgeschwindigkeit
subject: Überschwemmung
subject: Schaden
subject: Modellierung
subject: 620

description: Flow velocity is generally presumed to influence flood damage. However, this influence is hardly quantified and virtually no damage models take it into account. Therefore, the influences of flow velocity, water depth and combinations of these two impact parameters on various types of flood damage were investigated in five communities affected by the Elbe catchment flood in Germany in 2002. 2-D hydraulic models with high to medium spatial resolutions were used to calculate the impact parameters at the sites in which damage occurred. A significant influence of flow velocity on structural damage, particularly on roads, could be shown in contrast to a minor influence on monetary losses and business interruption. Forecasts of structural damage to road infrastructure should be based on flow velocity alone. The energy head is suggested as a suitable flood impact parameter for reliable forecasting of structural damage to residential buildings above a critical impact level of 2m of energy head or water depth. However, general consideration of flow velocity in flood damage modelling, particularly for estimating monetary loss, cannot be recommended.
O USO DO DNA NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO HUMANA FORENSE
Creators: name: Kailane Barros da SILVA
name: Ana Rute Leite de MORAIS
name: Drielly Lima SANTANA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: DNA forense
Perícia criminal
Investigação
Criminologia

description: RESUMO

 

Introdução: A pesquisa sobre a relevância da genética em ocorrências criminais é crucial para o avanço da ciência forense, a elucidação de crimes é a garantia de um sistema judicial mais justo e preciso. A análise do DNA permite a identificação precisa de indivíduos, seja através de amostras biológicas deixadas na cena do crime ou de vestígios encontrados nas vítimas. Objetivo geral: Apresentar a importância da perícia forense e demonstrar como a aplicação do DNA é um recurso excepcional para identificação. Metodologia: pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória de caráter qualitativo, no qual foram utilizados artigos científicos publicados em Scielo, Lilac, Genética forense Bookplay, e Google acadêmico, durante o período de abril de 2023 a junho de 2024. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que O DNA pode ser usado para excluir suspeitos inocentes, evitando investigações equivocadas e garantindo que a justiça seja feita de forma correta.
Helicopter safety: the safe use of helicopters in fire suppression and prescribed burning operations
Creators: name: Dunster, Julian A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In recent years, forestry programmes in British Columbia have increasingly used helicopters to expedite operations, particularly in the areas of fire suppression and prescribed burning. Between 1970 and 1977 the population of Canadian helicopters doubled, reflecting the increased usage resulting from new, more efficient designs. The number of accidents per year decreased in the 8 years, but the percentage of fatal accidents increased In British Columbia, the accident rate per 10,000 hours in the years 1975 and 1976, was 3.6, the third highest in Canada. After an extensive period of field work in this province, by the author, it is clear that the people working in and around helicopters do not generally receive enough training in the safety precautions necessary. This lack of training was evident at both the worker level and the supervisory level. In fire suppression operations, the inadequate training is aggravated by haste, which greatly increases the chances of unnecessary accidents. This report identifies areas of training that need greater-attention, and it offers some guidelines for future training programmes. The report discusses the fundamentals of helicopter flight, in order that the layman may gain some appreciation of what problems the pilot has to tolerate. Several types of operations are then detailed with safety prescriptions for each one. Some causative factors in each operation are also discussed. The report then analyses the use of helicopters in aerial ignition systems. Of the several systems currently in use, it is clear that the helicopter drip torch is potentially the most hazardous, but to date there have been no serious helicopter drip torch accidents. Finally the report looks at crew deployment techniques, in particular, helicopter rappelling and helitack. The level of training and hazard awareness in these two operations is higher than was generally seen elsewhere, and provides a good example of how helicopters can be used safely and efficiently. Throughout the report, reference is made to past accidents. These accidents show a fundamental lack of safe practice; a situation that would be improved with better training programmes. They also illustrate some of the diverse and disastrous results of poor training. The report recommends that the Workers' Compensation Board of British Columbia should seriously consider setting up a series of training films, which, along with posters and leaflets, could be distributed to the various companies and organisations who use helicopters in the course of their operations. Transport Canada is now preparing a series of general training aids, and these will be made available to interested parties.
title: Advancing Thermal Property Measurements and Water Management for Controlled Environment Agriculture on Earth and Beyond
Creators: name: Dixon, Chihiro
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2024

description: Space exploration stands as one of humanity's most profound endeavors, and plant growth in space is essential for sustaining astronauts during long-duration missions. However, operating plant growth systems under reduced gravity conditions presents challenges, particularly in ensuring uniform water distribution in the root zone. Non-uniform water distribution such as excess water and/or insufficient water in the root zone can significantly impact plant yield, necessitating the need to accurately estimate water status in the root zone and understand the dynamics of water flow in plant growth media under reduced gravity conditions. The objectives of this research were to enhance the accuracy of thermal property sensors using innovative techniques such as Heat Pulse Probes (HPPs), which were used in previous space missions to monitor water content in the root zone. We also wanted to advance our understanding of managing optimal water status in containerized plant growth media, particularly how water is retained and released from synthetic and natural fibers. Calibrating HPPs using air-free ice provided sharper temperature rise curves compared to traditional calibration media, leading to improved thermal property estimation. Various granular media with reproducible bulk density were utilized to establish thermal property calibration standards across different water content levels. The development of an automated water retention system enabled efficient characterization of water retention in coarse-textured media. This research clarified the suitability of lightweight fabrics as candidate plant growth media by comparing them with the water retention characteristics of traditional plant growth media (i.e., peat moss). Furthermore, an optimized irrigation system requiring no automated controls was presented. That system included a Mariotte bottle connected to a check valve and porous membrane used to maintain the target water status during plant growth, offering potential simplification of plant growth systems used in past space missions. Overall, this research contributes to advancing plant growth systems for microgravity conditions, with implications for both space exploration and agriculture on Earth. By ensuring efficient water distribution in plant growth media, we pave the way for sustainable food production in space and on Earth.
Dynamics of quasi de Sitter and linear combination of exponential models in extended gravity
Creators: name: Mishra, B.
name: Gadia, Eesha
name: Tripathy, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we have studied the dynamical aspects of some cosmological models in an isotropic space-time within the framework of an extended gravity theory. Two accelerating cosmological models are presented with quasi-de Sitter (QDS) and linear combination of exponential (LCE) scale factors. The geometrical testing mechanism has been performed and analysed. While the results of the QDS model show a departure from the concordant $Λ$CDM model, the resulting behavior of the LCE model seems to be compatible with the $Λ$CDM model only at the present epoch and is incompatible in the near past.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in IJGMMP
Additional file 7 of Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Creators: name: Umit V. Ucak
name: Kang, Taek
name: Junsu Ko
name: Lee, Juyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 7: Figure S5B. Bioactively similar reactions. Depictions of ten bioactively similar reactant candidates (6–10).
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Fernández, Maribel
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 36, 26th International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications (RTA 2015), pages i-xiv
Finite-Temperature Scaling of Magnetic Susceptibility and Geometric Phase in the XY Spin Chain
Creators: name: Quan, H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetic susceptibility of 1D quantum XY model, and show that when the temperature approaches zero, the magnetic susceptibility exhibits the finite-temperature scaling behavior. This scaling behavior of the magnetic susceptibility in 1D quantum XY model, due to the quantum-classical mapping, can be easily experimentally tested. Furthermore, the universality in the critical properties of the magnetic susceptibility in quantum XY model is verified. Our study also reveals the close relation between the magnetic susceptibility and the geometric phase in some spin systems, where the quantum phase transitions are driven by an external magnetic field.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, get accepted for publication by J. Phys. A: Math. Theor