cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Απαγόρευση διακρίσεων λόγω ηλικίας. Το εθνικό και το ευρωπαικό νομικό πλαίσιο
Creators: name: Ιωαννίδου, Κωνσταντίνα Θεμιστοκλή
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Διακρίσεις λόγω ηλικίας
Απαγόρευση
Νομικό πλαίσιο
Age discrimination
Ban
Legal framework

description: Η παρούσα εργασία πραγματεύεται το νομικό πλαίσιο για τις διακρίσεις λόγω ηλικίας σε βάρος των εργαζομένων, σε επίπεδο τόσο ελληνικού όσο ευρωπαικού δικαίου. Ο σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει και να αναλύσει το νομικό πλαίσιο, καθώς και να αναδείξει προβληματικά σημεία και ερμηνευτικά ζητήματα, που ανακύπτουν κατά την εφαρμογή της νομοθεσίας, προτείνοντας λύσεις και νομοθετικές μεταρρυθμίσεις. Επιπλέον, γίνεται αναλυτική αναφορά στην ελληνική νομολογία και στη νομολογία του Δικαστηρίου της Ευρωπαικής Ένωσης, με αφορμή την οποία εξετάζονται ειδικότερα εθνικού δικαίου κανονιστικές ρυθμίσεις υπό το φως του κοινοτικού δικαίου και της Οδηγίας για την απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων λόγω ηλικίας, ως προς τη συμβατότητά τους με αυτήν. Η εργασία διακρίνεται σε δύο μέρη, που διακρίνονται περεταίρω σε κεφάλαια, το πρώτο από τα οποία περιλαμβάνει την παρουσίαση του γενικού νομικού πλαισίου για την απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων γενικά και λόγω ηλικίας ειδικά, καθώς και των εξαιρέσεων από την απαγόρευση των διακρίσεων λόγω ηλικίας, ενώ το δεύτερο μέρος αφορά τη δικαστική προστασία των θιγόμενων εργαζομένων και τις δικονομικές διευκολύνσεις – προνόμια, που ο νόμος παρέχει γι’ αυτούς, καταλήγοντας στα συμπεράσματα, που εξάγονται από την επισκόπηση του νομοθετικών ρυθμίσεων, όπως ερμηνεύονται και εφαρμόζονται στην πράξη από τα δικαστήρια
description: The present thesis deals with the legal framework on age discrimination in Labour Law, both the national greek and the european law. The purpose of this thesis is to present, analyse and highlight the practical and the interpretive problems that arise while courts apply the legal provisions to the employers and employees, as well as suggest solutions for legislative reforms. Furthermore, an analytical reference is made to the national case law and the case law of the European Court of Justice on age discrimination and some national law provisions are analytically examined for their compatibility with the European law on age discrimination and the European Court case law. This paper consists of two parts, that are divided into chapters• the first part presents the general legal framework on the ban on discrimination on the grounds of all the protected personal characteristics, including age, and the exceptions from the ban on age discrimination, whereas the second part deals with the judicial protection, along with the procedural facilities and benefits that employees are provided with. In the end of the paper there is a synopsis of the conclusions that are drawn from the survey that has is made in conjunction with the way European law on age discrimination is interpreted and applied from the national and the European Court in Labour Law cases
Effect of the next-nearest neighbor hopping on the stability and band structure of the incommensurate phases in the cuprates
Creators: name: Raczkowski, Marcin
name: Fresard, Raymond
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a spin-rotation invariant version of the slave-boson approach we investigate the relative stability and band structure of various incommensurate phases in the cuprates. Our findings obtained in the Hubbard model with next-nearest neighbor hopping $-t'/t\simeq 0.15$, as appropriate for the La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ family, support the formation of diagonal (vertical) stripe phases in the doping regime $x=1/16$ ($x=1/8$), respectively. In contrast, based on the fact that a larger value $-t'/t=0.3$ expected for YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+δ}$ triggers a crossover to the diagonal (1,1) spiral phase at increasing doping, we argue that it might explain why the static charge order has been detected in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+δ}$ only in the highly underdoped regime.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
บทวิจารณ์หนังสือการสร้างการวิจัยทางสังคม: สังคมวิทยาสำหรับศตวรรษใหม่
Creators: name: ณัฏฐดา ศรีมุข
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏสวนดุสิต
Year: 2555

description: 3, 8, วารสารวิจัย มสด สาขามนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
An explicit quantum weak energy inequality for Dirac fields in curved spacetimes
Creators: name: Dawson, S P
name: Fewster, C J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantized Dirac field is known, by a result of Fewster and Verch, to satisfy a Quantum Weak Energy Inequality (QWEI) on its averaged energy density along time-like curves in arbitrary four-dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetimes. However, this result does not provide an explicit form for the bound. By adapting ideas from the earlier work, we give a simplified derivation of a QWEI for the Dirac field leading to an explicit bound. The bound simplifies further in the case of static curves in static spacetimes, and, in particular, coincides with a result of Fewster and Mistry in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. We also show that our QWEI is compatible with local covariance and derive a simple consequence.
description: 24 pages, 0 figures
1D Spin-Crossover Molecular Chain with Degenerate States
Creators: name: Gudyma, Andrii
name: Gudyma, Iurii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of the one-dimensional molecular chain (MC) with two single-particle degenerate states is presented. We establish connection of the MC with the Ising model with phononic interactions and investigate properties of the model using a transfer matrix method. The transfer matrix method offers a promising pathway for simulating such materials properties. The role of degeneracy of states and phononic interaction being made explicit. We analyze regimes of the system and parameters of the occurring crossover. Here, we present exact results for the magnetization per spin, the correlation function and the effective volume of the system. We demonstrate possibility of existence of two peaks in the specific heat capacity thermal behavior.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
ALMA CO Observations of the Mixed-Morphology Supernova Remnant W49B: Efficient Production of Recombining Plasma and Hadronic Gamma-rays via Shock-Cloud Interactions
Creators: name: Sano, H.
name: Yoshiike, S.
name: Yamane, Y.
name: Hayashi, K.
name: Enokiya, R.
name: Tokuda, K.
name: Tachihara, K.
name: Rowell, G.
name: Filipović, M. D.
name: Fukui, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out new CO($J$ = 2-1) observations toward the mixed-morphology supernova remnant (SNR) W49B with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We found that CO clouds at $\sim$10 km s$^{-1}$ show a good spatial correspondence with synchrotron radio continuum as well as an X-ray deformed shell. The bulk mass of molecular clouds accounts for the western part of the shell, not for the eastern shell where near-infrared H$_2$ emission is detected. The molecular clouds at $\sim$10 km s$^{-1}$ show higher kinetic temperature of $\sim$20-60 K, suggesting that modest shock-heating occurred. The expanding motion of the clouds with $ΔV \sim$6 km s$^{-1}$ was formed by strong winds from the progenitor system. We argue that the barrel-like structure of Fe rich ejecta was possibly formed not only by an asymmetric explosion, but also by interactions with dense molecular clouds. We also found a negative correlation between the CO intensity and the electron temperature of recombining plasma, implying that the origin of the high-temperature recombining plasma in W49B can be understood as the thermal conduction model. The total energy of accelerated cosmic-ray protons $W_\mathrm{p}$ is estimated to be $\sim$$2\times 10^{49}$ erg by adopting an averaged gas density of $\sim$$650\pm200$ cm$^{-3}$. The SNR age-$W_\mathrm{p}$ diagram indicates that W49B shows one of the highest in-situ values of $W_\mathrm{p}$ in the gamma-ray bright SNRs.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, published in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
Species clustering in competitive Lotka-Volterra models
Creators: name: Pigolotti, Simone
name: Lopez, Cristobal
name: Hernandez-Garcia, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of Lotka-Volterra competitive models in which the intensity of the interaction among species depends on their position along an abstract niche space through a competition kernel. We show analytically and numerically that the properties of these models change dramatically when the Fourier transform of this kernel is not positive definite, due to a pattern forming instability. We estimate properties of the species distributions, such as the steady number of species and their spacings, for different types of kernels.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A Survey of Marine and Coastal Overseas Tourism Activity in Ireland
Creators: name: Hynes, S
name: Aymelek, M
name: Corless, R
name: Evers, N
name: Hynes, S
name: Aymelek, M
name: Corless, R
name: Evers, N
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Coastal tourism
subject: Marine tourism
subject: Ireland
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Overseas tourist

description: SEMRU, at NUI Galway, carried out a survey of overseas visitors to Ireland as part of the Marine Institute’s funded project “Valuing and understanding the dynamics of Ireland’s Ocean Economy” (PBA/SE/16/01). The purpose of the survey was to estimate what proportion of their total holiday expenditure was in coastal areas (coastal tourism) and what proportion was on undertaking marine related activities (marine tourism). The survey, which consisted of face-to-face interviews with 620 overseas visitors, also solicited information on spatial distribution of their different marine related activities and associated expenditure.
Wang-Landau study of the critical behaviour of the bimodal 3D-Random Field Ising Model
Creators: name: Hernandez, Laura
name: Ceva, Horacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Wang-Landau method to the study of the critical behaviour of the three dimensional Random Field Ising Model with a bimodal probability distribution. Our results show that for high values of the random field intensity the transition is first order, characterized by a double-peaked energy probability distribution at the transition temperature. On the other hand, the transition looks continuous for low values of the field intensity. In spite of the large sample to sample fluctuations observed, the double peak in the probability distribution is always present for high fields
Extracting color octet NRQCD matrix elements from $J/ψ$ production at the EIC
Creators: name: Boer, Daniël
name: Pisano, Cristian
name: Taels, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently unpolarized and polarized $J/ψ\,(Υ)$ production at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) has been proposed as a new way to extract two poorly known color-octet NRQCD long-distance matrix elements: $\langle0\vert{\cal O}_{8}^{J/ψ}(^{1}S_{0})\vert0\rangle$ and $\langle0\vert{\cal O}_{8}^{J/ψ}(^{3}P_{0})\vert0\rangle$. The proposed method is based on a comparison to open heavy-quark pair production ideally performed at the same kinematics. In this paper we analyze this proposal in more detail and provide predictions for the EIC based on the available determinations of the color-octet matrix elements. We also propose two additional methods that do not require comparison to open heavy-quark pair production.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures; some small additions to the text, corrections to eqs. 37-38, conclusions unchanged, matches version accepted by Physical Review D
Gab es im Mittelalter Fabelwesen?
Creators: name: Gerhardt, Christoph
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2021

description: Den Begriff 'Fabelwesen' konnte es in der mittelalterlichen Naturkunde nicht geben, weil sie wesentlich von literarischer Tradtion und christlicher Naturdeutung geleitet war, nicht von moderner Naturbeobachtung und empirischer Naturwissenschaft. Der Aufsatz illustriert dies auf ebenso unterhaltsame wie lehrreiche Weise an einer Vielzahl von Beispielen und in einem Durchgang durch zentrale lateinisch-theologische Autoritäten wie volkssprachlichen Äußerungen in Literatur für/von Laien.
Wirt-Gast- und Gast-Gast-Wechselwirkungen in Methan-, Kohlenstoffdioxid- und Wasserstoff-Gashydraten
Creators: name: Polet, Wigbert Schilderich Karl
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 333.7 Natural resources, energy and environment
subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: Der Fokus dieser Arbeit richtet sich auf das Wechselwirkungsverhalten von Gastmolekülen in Gashydratstrukturen und deren Konsequenzen für thermodynamische und spektroskopische Eigenschaften. Die Wechselwirkungen wurden mittels quantenschemischer DFT-Methoden ermittelt und durch einfache statistische Modelle weiter ausgewertet. Es wurden die Gastmoleküle Methan, Kohlenstoffdioxid und Wasserstoff untersucht
Perceptions of reading aloud in intermediate and secondary classrooms
Creators: name: Grant, Wilma Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examined the perceptions of reading aloud to students in intermediate and secondary classrooms. It was anticipated that teachers who read aloud and students who are read to would identify a number of positive outcomes of the practice. The key informants, eight British Columbia English or Language Arts teachers of Grades Five to 12, were interviewed using a series of probe questions. The interviews were tape recorded and then written notes were made. The students in the teachers' classes were asked for their thoughts about being read to; 178 written responses were received. The thoughts of the teachers and the students were analysed and discussed. Comparisons were made between the views of the teachers, the students and the professional literature. Similar categories emerged from all three sources. Among the values of reading aloud most mentioned by teachers were pleasure, motivation to read, exposure to books and authors, use as a springboard to instruction, and increased comprehension. Students most frequently mentioned the development of imagination, the quality of the reader's performance, that reading aloud makes text easier to understand, and that listening is calming and relaxing. The most important outcome of reading aloud mentioned by teachers was pleasure and by students was relaxation and calm. The materials chosen to read aloud were almost entirely various forms of literature. The study concluded that reading aloud to older students is perceived to enhance comprehension and develop imagination, provides exposure to books and authors, is a useful link to instructional strategies, plays an important role in classroom management, provides pleasure to readers and listeners, and is enhanced by the oral reading skill of the teacher. It was recommended that teachers read aloud to intermediate and secondary students and that teachers increase their awareness and utilization of the variety of benefits which can result from the practice. There are many recommendations for further related research, such as long-term studies, investigation of teacher and student perceptions of specific areas such as the development of imagination, and the investigation of the value of reading aloud to ESL students.
Secondary Scintillation Yield in Pure Xenon
Creators: name: Monteiro, C. M. B.
name: Fernandes, L. M. P.
name: Lopes, J. A. M.
name: Coelho, L. C. C.
name: Veloso, J. F. C. A.
name: Santos, J. M. F. dos
name: Giboni, K.
name: Aprile, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The xenon secondary scintillation yield was studied as a function of the electric field in the scintillation region, in a gas proportional scintillation counter operated at room temperature. A large area avalanche photodiode was used for the readout of the VUV secondary scintillation produced in the gas, together with the 5.9 keV x-rays directly absorbed in the photodiode. The latter was used as a reference for the determination of the number of charge carriers produced by the scintillation pulse and, thus, the number of VUV photons impinging the photodiode. A value of 140 photons/kV was obtained for the scintillation amplification parameter. The attained results are in good agreement with those predicted, for room temperature, by Monte Carlo simulation and Boltzmann calculations, as well as with those obtained for saturated xenon vapour, at cryogenic temperatures, and are about a factor of two higher than former results measured at room temperature.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to JINST
Counseling and Therapy Using Clients’ Narratives about Music: a Scoping Review Protocol Focusing on Receptive Music Activities and Receptive Music Therapy
Creators: name: YAMAGATA, Midoriko
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Music Therapy
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Counseling
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Music
subject: Clinical Psychology

description: Scoping review protocol
Characterizing the disk around the TW Hydrae Association brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254
Creators: name: Riaz, Basmah
name: Gizis, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed modeling of the disk around the TW Hydrae Association (TWA) brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254 (2M1207), using {\it Spitzer} observations from 3.6 to 24 $\micron$. The spectral energy distribution (SED) does not show a high amount of flaring. We have obtained a good fit using a flat disk of mass between $10^{-4}$ and $10^{-6}$ $M_{\sun}$, $\dot{M}$ $\la10^{-11} M_{\sun}$/yr and a large inclination angle between 60$\degr$ and 70$\degr$. We have used three different grain models to fit the 10 $\micron$ Si emission feature, and have found the results to be consistent with ISM-like dust. In comparison with other TWA members, this suggests lesser dust processing for 2M1207 which could be explained by mechanisms such as aggregate fragmentation and/or turbulent mixing. We have found a good fit using an inner disk radius equal to the dust sublimation radius, which indicates the absence of an inner hole in the disk. This suggests the presence of a small K-$L^{\prime}$ excess, similar to the observed K-[3.6] excess.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, accepted in ApJ
UV/IR Mixing in Noncommutative Field Theories and Open Closed String Duality
Creators: name: Sarkar, Swarnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the phenomenon of UV/IR mixing in noncommutative field theories from the point of view of world-sheet open-closed duality in string theory. New infrared divergences in noncommutative field theories arise as a result of integrating over high momentum modes in the loops. These are believed to come from integrating out additional bulk closed string modes. We analyse this issue in detail for the bosonic theory and further for the supersymmetric theory on the $C^2/Z_2$ orbifold. We elucidate on the exact role played by the constant background $B$-field in this correspondence.
description: 65 pages, 11 figures, invited article for IJMPA, references added
Zwei bronzezeitliche Bernsteinobjekte mit Bild- und Schriftzeichen aus Bernstorf (Lkr. Freising)
Creators: name: Gebhard, Rupert
name: Rieder, Karl Heinz
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 80 Nr. 1 (2002)
Σύνδρομο Down και μεταφορική λειτουργία της γλώσσας
Creators: name: Μάντζαρη, Στυλιανή Φιλίππου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Σύνδρομο Down
Μεταφορική Λειτουργία Γλώσσας
Συμφραζόμενα
Down Syndrome
Figurative language
Context

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να δείξει τα χαρακτηριστικά των ατόμων με σύνδρομο Down όσον αφορά τη γλώσσα και τις δομές αυτής καθώς και να καταδείξει πώς αντιλαμβάνονται τα άτομα αυτά τη μεταφορική λειτουργία της γλώσσας, συγκριτικά πάντα με αντίστοιχο γκρουπ τυπικώς αναπτυσσόμενων ατόμων. Ως προς το πρώτο σκέλος , μελετώνται οι τομείς της φωνολογίας, του λεξιλογίου καθώς και το προσληπτικό σύστημα , ενώ, όσον αφορά τη μεταφορική λειτουργία της γλώσσας, η έρευνά μας έδειξε πως τα άτομα με σύνδρομο Down δυσκολεύονται αρκετά έως αδυνατούν να την αντιληφθούν και τείνουν να την ερμηνεύουν κυριολεκτικά. Ωστόσο, αποδείχτηκε ότι τα συμφραζόμενα διαδραματίζουν έναν διευκολυντικό ρόλο στην κατανόηση του κειμένου για τα άτομα με σύνδρομο Down, αφού παρέχουν σημασιολογικές πληροφορίες που επιτρέπουν, ώστε οι προτάσεις που ενσωματώνονται στο κείμενο να γίνονται ευκολότερα κατανοητές και, σε συνδυασμό με τις προγενέστερες γλωσσικές γνώσεις των ατόμων με σύνδρομο Down να γίνεται αντιληπτό το κείμενο στην κυριολεκτική του διάσταση και με δυσκολία ή καθόλου, όπως αποδείχτηκε, στη μεταφορική
description: The goal of the present study is to show the characteristics of individuals with Down Syndrome regarding to the language and her structure and also to show how to realise these individuals the metaphorical operation of language, compared to the group of typical developing individuals. As to the first aspect, they are being studied the factors of phonology, vocabulary and the conceptual system, while regarding to metaphorical language our study showed that the individuals with Down Syndrome are having trouble or are weak to realize the metaphorical language and tend to interpret it literally. However, has been proved that the context plays a facilitating role regarding to the text comprehension for the individuals with Down Syndrome , because give semantic informations which allow in order that sentences become easier understandable and, compared to previous linguistic knowledge of individuals with Down Syndrome, to be perceived the text literally and with difficulty or never, as it has been proved, in metaphorical language
Working with budget and funding options to make open access journals sustainable
Creators: name: Waidlein, Nicole
name: Wrzesinski, Marcel
name: Dubois, Frédéric
name: Katzenbach, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Access
scholar-led
business models
funding
sustainability
small sciences

description: Within the realm of electronic publishing, journals are plenty and their publishing models vary greatly. A segment most in line with fair and transparent open access principles are journals that were born open access, are scholar-led, and do not levy any fees on authors or readers. But while promising for increasing access to quality research and furthering bibliodiversity (i.e., variety of content, publication formats and publishing institutions), a survey we did in Germany in 2020 suggests that many of the journals in that segment face the threat of extinction. This white paper provides preliminary answers to the monetary challenge by evaluating possible financing models, discussing their applicability, and facilitating the transferability of these findings by including a short case study of Internet Policy Review—an international, peer-reviewed diamond open access journal.
5d/6d Wilson loops from blowups
Creators: name: Kim, Hee-Cheol
name: Kim, Minsung
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize Nakajima-Yoshioka's blowup formula to calculate the partition functions counting the spectrum of bound states to half-BPS Wilson loop operators in 5d (and 6d) supersymmetric field theories. The partition function in the presence of a Wilson loop operator on the $Ω$-background is factorized when put on the blowup $\hat{\mathbb{C}}^2$ into two Wilson loop partition functions under the localization. This structure provides a set of blowup equations for Wilson loop operators. We explain how to formulate the blowup equations and solve them to compute the partition functions of Wilson loop operators. We test this idea by explicitly calculating the Wilson loop partition functions in various 5d/6d field theories and comparing them against known results and expected dualities.
description: 69 pages, 3 figures, v2: published version
Critical anomalous metals near superconductivity in models with random interactions
Creators: name: Li, Chenyuan
name: Joshi, Darshan G.
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous metals are observed in numerous experiments on disordered two-dimensional systems proximate to superconductivity. A characteristic feature of an anomalous metal is that its low temperature conductivity has a weakly temperature dependent value, significantly higher than that of a disordered Fermi liquid. We propose a dynamical mean-field model of an anomalous metal: interacting electrons similar in structure to that of the well-studied universal Hamiltonian of mesoscopic metallic grains, but with independent random interactions between pairs of sites, involving Cooper pair hopping and spin exchange. We find evidence for critical anomalous phases or points between a superconducting phase and a disordered Fermi liquid phase in this model. Our results are obtained by a renormalization group analysis in a weak coupling limit, and a complementary solution at large $M$ when the spin symmetry is generalized to USp($M$). The large $M$ limit describes the anomalous metal by fractionalization of the electron into spinons, holons, and doublons, with these partons forming critical non-Fermi liquids in the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev class. We compute the low temperature conductivity in the large $M$ limit, and find temperature-independent values moderately enhanced from that in the disordered metal.
description: 54 pages, 5 figures
Identification of Poincare-gauge and multipolar nonrelativistic theories of QED
Creators: name: Stokes, Adam
name: Nazir, Ahsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For over six decades, quantum electrodynamics (QED) in multipolar form has been an invaluable tool for understanding quantum-scale atomic and molecular interactions. However, its relation to the Poincare-gauge has been a recent topic of controversy and debate. It was claimed by Rousseau and Felbacq in the article Scientific Reports 7, 11115 (2017) that Hamiltonian multipolar QED is not the same as Poincare-gauge QED and that it is not generally equivalent to Coulomb-gauge QED. This claim has subsequently been refuted, but since both sides of the debate appear technically sound, a clear reconciliation remains to be given. This task is of paramount importance due to the widespread use of multipolar QED in quantum optics and atomic physics. Here, unlike in other responses, we adopt the same method as Rousseau and Felbacq of using Dirac's constrained quantisation procedure. However, our treatment shows that Poincare-gauge and multipolar QED are identical. We identify the precise source of the apparent incompatibility of previous results as nothing more than a semantic mismatch. In fact there are no inconsistencies. Our results firmly and rigorously solidify the multipolar theory.
description: 8 pages
$(p, q)$-analogues of the generalized Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers
Creators: name: Oussi, Lahcen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B73, 05A30 (Primary) 11B65, 11S05, 05A99 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we introduce a $(p, q)$-deformed analogues of the generalized Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers, the post-quantum analogues of the $q$-deformed generalized Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers. The connection between these deformations is established. A recurrence relation for the $(p, q)$-deformed generalized Touchard polynomials is expounded, elucidating a $(p, q)$-deformation of Spivey's relation.
description: 18 pages
Summary of Proceedings of the "Linking the Middle Ages" Workshop (May 11-12, 2015) at the University of Texas at Austin
Creators: name: Turnator, Ece
name: Bolintineanu, Alexandra
name: Rose-Steel, Tamsyn
name: Whearty, Bridget
name: Widner, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2015
Subjects: Middle Ages

description: In May 2015 the CLIR/Mellon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellows in Medieval Data Curation convened a two-day workshop on the sharing and publishing of linked open data (LOD). Funded by a CLIR/Mellon microgrant, the workshop brought together librarians, technologists, and scholars to exchange ideas on the challenges posed to medievalists in sharing data on digital platforms. More than thirty experts took part in the workshop, which was held at The University of Texas at Austin on May 11-12, 2015. Participants presented their work in linked open data operational sites and took part in discussions about the obstacles and opportunities of LOD in three areas: research, teaching, and publication. This paper documents the possibilities and problems of applying LOD in medieval studies. It focuses specifically on its application to the field’s data, which requires medievalists to work together with librarians and technologists, and considers a technical infrastructure that can maintain and proliferate this type of collaborative work.
Sensitivity to New Physics of Isotope Shift Studies using the Coronal Lines of Highly Charged Calcium Ions
Creators: name: Rehbehn, Nils-Holger
name: Rosner, Michael K.
name: Bekker, Hendrik
name: Berengut, Julian C.
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
name: King, Steven A.
name: Micke, Peter
name: Gu, Ming Feng
name: Müller, Robert
name: Surzhykov, Andrey
name: López-Urrutia, José R. Crespo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Promising searches for new physics beyond the current Standard Model (SM) of particle physics are feasible through isotope-shift spectroscopy, which is sensitive to a hypothetical fifth force between the neutrons of the nucleus and the electrons of the shell. Such an interaction would be mediated by a new particle which could in principle be associated with dark matter. In so-called King plots, the mass-scaled frequency shifts of two optical transitions are plotted against each other for a series of isotopes. Subtle deviations from the expected linearity could reveal such a fifth force. Here, we study experimentally and theoretically six transitions in highly charged ions of Ca, an element with five stable isotopes of zero nuclear spin. Some of the transitions are suitable for upcoming high-precision coherent laser spectroscopy and optical clocks. Our results provide a sufficient number of clock transitions for -- in combination with those of singly charged Ca$^+$ -- application of the generalized King plot method. This will allow future high-precision measurements to remove higher-order SM-related nonlinearities and open a new door to yet more sensitive searches for unknown forces and particles.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Photon-photon polaritons in chi(2) microresonators
Creators: name: Skryabin, D. V.
name: Pankratov, V. V.
name: Villois, A.
name: Puzyrev, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a high-Q microresonator with $χ^{(2)}$ nonlinearity under conditions when the coupling rates between the sidebands around the pump and second harmonic exceed the damping rates, implying the strong coupling regime (SC). Using the dressed-resonator approach we demonstrate that this regime leads to the dominance of the Hermitian part of the operator driving the side-band dynamics over its non-Hermitian part responsible for the parametric gain. This has allowed us to introduce and apply the cross-area concept of the polariton quasi-particles and define their effective masses in the context of $χ^{(2)}$ ring-microresonators. We further use polaritons to predict the modified spectral response of the resonator to a weak probe field, and to reveal splitting of the bare-resonator resonances, avoided crossings, and Rabi dynamics. Polariton basis also allows deriving a discrete sequence of the parametric thresholds for the generation of sidebands of different orders.
description: 7 pages
Working with publication technology to make open access journals sustainable
Creators: name: Wrzesinski, Marcel
name: Riechert, Patrick Urs
name: Dubois, Frédéric
name: Katzenbach, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open access
scholar-led
publication technology
sustainability
small sciences

description: Over the last 25 years, scholars around the world have used electronic publishing to open up their work, share it with interested publics instantly or even become publishers themselves. This white paper explores in what ways advances in publication technology in the journal sector (e.g. the widespread use of content management and editorial systems) contributes to a more inclusive and sustainable open access ecosystem. Drawing on a study we did in Germany in 2019-2021, and for which we tested technical solutions together with the international, peer-reviewed diamond open access journal Internet Policy Review, we present and discuss publishing solutions based on software, workflows, and collaborations with regard to their practicability and scalability. The paper finds that scholar-led publishing is a force to be reckoned with when it comes to technical solutions tending towards increased bibliodiversity (i.e., variety of content, publication formats and publishing institutions).
Lensview: Software for modelling resolved gravitational lens images
Creators: name: Wayth, Randall B.
name: Webster, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new software tool, Lensview, for modelling resolved gravitational lens images. Based on the LensMEM algorithm, the software finds the best fitting lens mass model and source brightness distribution using a maximum entropy constraint. The method can be used with any point spread function or lens model. We review the algorithm and introduce some significant improvements. We also investigate and discuss issues associated with the statistical uncertainties of models and model parameters and the issues of source plane size and source pixel size. We test the software on simulated optical and radio data to evaluate how well lens models can be recovered and with what accuracy. For optical data, lens model parameters can typically be recovered with better than 1% accuracy and the degeneracy between mass ellipticity and power law is reduced. For radio data, we find that systematic errors associated with using processed radio maps, rather than the visibilities, are of similar magnitude to the random errors. Hence analysing radio data in image space is still useful and meaningful. The software is applied to the optical arc HST J15433+5352 and the radio ring MG1549+3047 using a simple elliptical isothermal lens model. For HST J15433+5352, the Einstein radius is 0.525" +/- 0.015 which probably includes a substantial convergence contribution from a neighbouring galaxy. For MG1549+3047, the model has Einstein radius 1.105" +/- 0.005 and core radius 0.16" 0.03. The total mass enclosed in the critical radius is 7.06 x 10^{10} Solar masses for our best model.
description: 21 pages, 24 figures, appearing in MNRAS. Software available from http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~rwayth/lensview/Lensview_Home.html
Isadora: Automated Information Flow Property Generation for Hardware Designs
Creators: name: Deutschbein, Calvin
name: Meza, Andres
name: Restuccia, Francesco
name: Kastner, Ryan
name: Sturton, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Isadora is a methodology for creating information flow specifications of hardware designs. The methodology combines information flow tracking and specification mining to produce a set of information flow properties that are suitable for use during the security validation process, and which support a better understanding of the security posture of the design. Isadora is fully automated; the user provides only the design under consideration and a testbench and need not supply a threat model nor security specifications. We evaluate Isadora on a RISC-V processor plus two designs related to SoC access control. Isadora generates security properties that align with those suggested by the Common Weakness Enumerations (CWEs), and in the case of the SoC designs, align with the properties written manually by security experts.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted at ASHES 2021
Digital services for science – where is the journey heading?
Creators: name: Konrad, Uwe
name: Förstner, Konrad
name: Reetz, Johannes
name: Wannemacher, Klaus
name: Kett, Jürgen
name: Mannseicher, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital services
Research Software
Open Science
Digital Transformation
Open Source
Information Technology
Allianz der deutschen Wissenschaftsorganisationen

description: Due to advances in information technology, ever-increasing cross-domain networking
 in science and research and the need to share services and resources, distributed
 digital services are being increasingly used by stakeholders in research and science.
 This development is reinforced by the requirements imposed by funding agencies
 (both state actors and project funding bodies) to optimise research processes, secure
 results on a sustainable basis and make them fully available for use. The necessary
 digital transformation is accelerating this process, and research must endeavour
 to play a proactive role in it, taking on the challenges while maintaining digital
 self-determination.
Spiral structures in gravito-turbulent gaseous disks
Creators: name: Béthune, W.
name: Latter, H.
name: Kley, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational instabilities can drive small-scale turbulence and large-scale spiral arms in massive gaseous disks under conditions of slow radiative cooling. These motions affect the observed disk morphology, its mass accretion rate and variability, and could control the process of planet formation via dust grain concentration, processing, and collisional fragmentation. We study gravito-turbulence and its associated spiral structure in thin gaseous disks subject to a prescribed cooling law. We characterize the morphology, coherence, and propagation of the spirals and examine when the flow deviates from viscous disk models. We used the finite-volume code Pluto to integrate the equations of self-gravitating hydrodynamics in three-dimensional spherical geometry. The gas was cooled over longer-than-orbital timescales to trigger the gravitational instability and sustain turbulence. We ran models for various disk masses and cooling rates. In all cases considered, the turbulent gravitational stress transports angular momentum outward at a rate compatible with viscous disk theory. The dissipation of orbital energy happens via shocks in spiral density wakes, heating the disk back to a marginally stable thermal equilibrium. These wakes drive vertical motions and contribute to mix material from the disk with its corona. They are formed and destroyed intermittently, and they nearly corotate with the gas at every radius. As a consequence, large-scale spiral arms exhibit no long-term global coherence, and energy thermalization is an essentially local process. In the absence of radial substructures or tidal forcing, and provided a local cooling law, gravito-turbulence reduces to a local phenomenon in thin gaseous disks.
description: 20 pages, 21 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
Photon Counting and Super Homodyne Detection of Weak QPSK Signals for Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: XU, Q.
name: Silva, M. B. Costa e
name: Agnolini, S.
name: Gallion, P.
name: Mendieta, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the principles and experimental results of two different QPSK signal detection configurations, photon counting and super homodyning, for applications in fiber-optic Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems operating at telecom wavelength, using the BB84 protocol.
description: 2 pages, 3 figues, EOS Annual Meeting 2006, Topical Meeting on Extreme Optics (QEOD/EPS), Paris, Oct. 2006
Optimal Transport as a Defense Against Adversarial Attacks
Creators: name: Bouniot, Quentin
name: Audigier, Romaric
name: Loesch, Angélique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning classifiers are now known to have flaws in the representations of their class. Adversarial attacks can find a human-imperceptible perturbation for a given image that will mislead a trained model. The most effective methods to defend against such attacks trains on generated adversarial examples to learn their distribution. Previous work aimed to align original and adversarial image representations in the same way as domain adaptation to improve robustness. Yet, they partially align the representations using approaches that do not reflect the geometry of space and distribution. In addition, it is difficult to accurately compare robustness between defended models. Until now, they have been evaluated using a fixed perturbation size. However, defended models may react differently to variations of this perturbation size. In this paper, the analogy of domain adaptation is taken a step further by exploiting optimal transport theory. We propose to use a loss between distributions that faithfully reflect the ground distance. This leads to SAT (Sinkhorn Adversarial Training), a more robust defense against adversarial attacks. Then, we propose to quantify more precisely the robustness of a model to adversarial attacks over a wide range of perturbation sizes using a different metric, the Area Under the Accuracy Curve (AUAC). We perform extensive experiments on both CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets and show that our defense is globally more robust than the state-of-the-art.
description: Accepted at ICPR2020. Code is available at https://github.com/CEA-LIST/adv-sat
Grammatical elicitation: Embedded non-finite structures, person markers, and possessives
Creators: name: Ramirez, Angela
name: Clem, Emily
name: Jung, Sihun
name: Lim, Jun Jie
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mvj

description: Grammatical elicitation of non-finite embedded constructions with or without agent-focus (recording 1, 2), person marking (recording 3) and possessives (recording 4). Elicitation leaders: Sihun Jung (recordings 1, 2), Jun Jie Lim (recordings 3, 4)
Light meson spectroscopy from Dalitz plot analyses of $η_c$ decays to $η' K^+ K^-$, $η' π^+ π^-$, and $ηπ^+ π^-$ produced in two-photon interactions
Creators: name: Lees, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the processes $γγ\to η_c \to η' K^+ K^-$, $η' π^+ π^-$, and $ηπ^+ π^-$ using a data sample of 519 $fb^{-1}$ recorded with the BaBar detector operating at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider at center-of-mass energies at and near the $Υ(nS)$ ($n = 2,3,4$) resonances. This is the first observation of the decay $η_c \to η' K^+ K^-$ and we measure the branching fraction $Γ(η_c \to η' K^+ K^-)/(Γ(η_c \to η' π^+ π^-)=0.644\pm 0.039_{\rm stat}\pm 0.032_{\rm sys}$. Significant interference is observed between $γγ\to η_c\to ηπ^+ π^-$ and the non-resonant two-photon process $γγ\to ηπ^+ π^-$. A Dalitz plot analysis is performed of $η_c$ decays to $η' K^+ K^-$, $η' π^+ π^-$, and $ηπ^+ π^-$. Combined with our previous analysis of $η_c \to K \bar K π$, we measure the $K^*_0(1430)$ parameters and the ratio between its $η' K$ and $πK$ couplings. The decay $η_c \to η' π^+ π^-$ is dominated by the $f_0(2100)$ resonance, also observed in $J/ψ$ radiative decays. A new $a_0(1700) \to ηπ$ resonance is observed in the $η_c \to ηπ^+ π^-$ channel. We also compare $η_c$ decays to $η$ and $η'$ final states in association with scalar mesons as they relate to the identification of the scalar glueball.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures
Open heavy flavor production at RHIC
Creators: name: Suaide, A. A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of heavy flavor production in relativistic heavy ion collisions is an extreme experimental challenge but provides important information on the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Heavy-quarks are believed to be produced in the initial stages of the collision, and are essential on the understanding of parton energy loss in the dense medium created in such environment. Moreover, heavy-quarks can help to investigate fundamental properties of QCD in elementary p+p collisions. In this work we review recent results on heavy flavor production and their interaction with the hot and dense medium at RHIC.
description: Quark Matter 2006 proceedings, 8 pages, 5 figures