cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reddening, Abundances, and Line Formation in SNe II
Creators: name: Baron, E.
name: Branch, David
name: Hauschildt, Peter H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed NLTE spectral synthesis models of the Type II supernova 2005cs, which occurred in M51 and for which the explosion time is well determined. We show that previous estimates for the reddening were significantly too high and briefly discuss how this will effect the inferred progenitor mass. We also show that standard CNO-burning enhanced abundances require far too large an oxygen depletion, although there is evidence for a single optical N II line and the sodium abundance shows clear evidence for enhancement over solar both as expected from CNO processing. Finally we calculate a distance using the SEAM method. Given the broad range of distances to M51 in the literature, the determination of a distance using Cepheid variables would be quite valuable.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures, ApJ (2007), in press
Adaptive Optics: I Can See Clearly Now
Creators: name: Heiles, Jonathan
Publisher: name: AstroEdu
Year: 2021

description: A combination of reflective writing, class discussion, video, lecture and group work lead students to identify the problem atmospheric distortion poses in astronomy and brainstorm solutions before the idea of adaptive optics is presented. Students then research the technique on their own. A few iterations of teacher support and further investigation result in a more detailed understanding, including why lasers are an essential component to the work. Portions of the work are framed in terms of basic engineering skills. There is a preassessment to be done by students and reviewed by students before the lesson starts. That, exploratory writing, group work and a concluding postassessment are available as tools for evaluating student progress. Students learn about the variety of large telescopes on Earth and in orbit, to shift between wave and particle descriptions of light, to predict direction of light refraction, and to consider the role of technological advances on astronomical progress.
description: AstroEdu, No. 5 (2017)
Valuation of the health and climate-change benefits of healthy diets
Creators: name: Springmann, M.
name: Springmann, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: food systems
subject: diet
subject: food production
subject: emission
subject: climate change
subject: cost analysis
subject: health care
subject: food security

description: Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019 – The health and environmental consequences of our dietary choices impose costs on society that are currently not reflected in the price of those foods or diets that contribute to these detrimental impacts. This paper provides updated estimates of two major cost items: the healthcare-related costs associated with unhealthy diets, and the climate-change costs associated with the emissions attributable to diets and food production. Results suggest that the health and climate-change costs of current diets are substantial and projected to increase up to 1.3-1.7 trillion USD annually by 2030.
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb1699en
Additional file 8 of Identification of a m6A-related ferroptosis signature as a potential predictive biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Li, Dongdong
name: Chen, Ting
name: Li, Qiu-Gen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S3. Differentiation of LUAD patients by PCA and t-SNE based on the risk model.
Intention to be force efficient improves high-level anticipatory coordination of finger positions and forces in young and elderly adults: Supplementary Figures and Tables
Creators: name: Schneider, Thomas
name: Hermsdörfer, Joachim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110603 Motor Control
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Behavioral Neuroscience

description: Supplementary Tables and Figures of the research article "Intention to be force efficient improves high-level anticipatory coordination of finger positions and forces in young and elderly adults"
The Grand View of Physics
Creators: name: Hooft, Gerard 't
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abdus Salam was known for his `grand views', grand views of science as well as grand views of society. In this talk the grand view of theoretical physics is put in perspective.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Presented at Salam +50, Imperial College, London, July 7, 2007
Comment on "Pygmy dipole response of proton-rich argon nuclei in random-phase approximation and no-core shell model"
Creators: name: Paar, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent article by C. Barbieri, E. Caurier, K. Langanke, and G. Martínez-Pinedo \cite{Bar.08}, low-energy dipole excitations were studied in proton-rich $^{32,34}$Ar with random-phase approximation (RPA) and no-core shell model (NCSM) using correlated realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions obtained by the unitary correlation operator method (UCOM) \cite{Fel.98}. The main objective of this Comment is to argue that the article \cite{Bar.08} contains an inconsistency with respect to previous study of excitations in the same UCOM-RPA framework using identical correlated Argonne V18 interaction \cite{Paa.06}, it does not provide any evidence that the low-lying state declared as pygmy dipole resonance in $^{32}$Ar indeed has the resonance-like structure, and that prior to studying exotic modes of excitation away from the valley of stability one should ensure that the model provides reliable description of available experimental data on nuclear ground state properties and excitations in nuclei. Although the authors aimed at testing the UCOM based theory at the proton drip line, available experimental data that are used as standard initial tests of theory frameworks at the proton drip line have not been considered in the UCOM case (e.g., binding energies, one-proton separation energies, two-proton separation energies).
description: 2 pages, revised version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Precision measurement of the quasi-free pn->dphi reaction close to threshold
Creators: name: Maeda, Y.
name: Hartmann, M.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Barsov, S.
name: Buescher, M.
name: Dzyuba, A.
name: Dymov, S.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Kacharava, A.
name: Kleber, V.
name: Koch, H. R.
name: Koptev, V.
name: Kulessa, P.
name: Mersmann, T.
name: Mikirtytchiants, S.
name: Mussgiller, A.
name: Ohm, M. Nekipelov H.
name: Schleichert, R.
name: Stein, H. J.
name: Stroeher, H.
name: Valdau, Yu.
name: Watzlawik, K. -H.
name: Wilkin, C.
name: Wuestner, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-free pn->dphi reaction has been studied at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY-Juelich, using the internal proton beam incident on a deuterium cluster-jet target and detecting a fast deuteron in coincidence with the K+K- decay of the phi-meson. The energy dependence of the total and differential cross sections are extracted for excess energies up to 80 MeV by determining the Fermi momentum of the target neutron on an event-by-event basis. Though these cross sections are consistent with s-wave production, the kaon angular distributions show the presence of p waves at quite low energy. Production on the neutron is found to be stronger than on the proton but not by as much as for the eta-meson.
description: 4 Pages, 3 Figures, version 2, resubmitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Von guten Feen und schlechten Deutschsprecher*innen. Diskurse und Positionierungen im Niedriglohnsektor des Gesundheitswesens
Creators: name: Wernicke, Anne
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 430

description: Obwohl der öffentliche Diskurs um den Deutscherwerb von Immigrant\*innen als Teil des Zuwanderungsdiskurses in den letzten Jahren immer präsenter geworden ist, finden die gesellschaftspolitischen und sozialen Mechanismen, innerhalb derer der Erwerb von Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) in Deutschland stattfindet, in der empirischen DaZ-Forschung immer noch kaum Berücksichtigung. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll dazu beitragen, diese Forschungslücke zu schließen, indem die berufliche Qualifizierung als ein sozialer Kontext innerhalb der Bereiche Berufliche Bildung und Erwerbstätigkeit beleuchtet wird. Es handelt sich um die Fallstudie eines beruflichen Nachqualifizierungskurses, der sich u.a. an Personen richtet, deren sprachliche Kompetenzen im Deutschen noch nicht ausreichen, um an einer herkömmlichen Weiterbildung teilnehmen zu können. Ziel der Nachqualifizierungsmaßnahme ist die Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit als Serviceassistent\*in im Niedriglohnsektor des Gesundheitswesen. Die Fragestellung der Untersuchung lautet: Wie werden die Deutschlernenden unter den Kursteilnehmenden von anderen Akteur\*innen des Kurses hinsichtlich einer zukünftigen Erwerbstätigkeit im Gesundheitswesen positioniert? Wie positionieren sie sich diesbezüglich selbst? Theoretische und methodische Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten für die Beantwortung dieser Fragestellung sind die soziokulturellen Ansätze des (Zweit-)Spracherwerbs, die Linguistic Ethnography, die Kritische Diskursanalyse sowie die Positioning Theory.
Additional file 3 of Identification of a m6A-related ferroptosis signature as a potential predictive biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Li, Dongdong
name: Chen, Ting
name: Li, Qiu-Gen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Associations with overall survival and m6A related ferroptosis prognostic genes in LUAD patients using univariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.
Role of income inequality in shaping outcomes on individual food insecurity
Creators: name: Holleman, C.
name: Conti, V.
name: Holleman, C.
name: Conti, V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: income distribution
subject: economic growth
subject: food security
subject: impact assessment
subject: analysis
subject: developing countries

description: Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019 – Despite relatively high economic growth rates in many developing countries in the last two decades, income inequality has remained high and even increased. This has important policy implications as high-income inequality undercuts the benefits of economic growth in reducing food insecurity. This paper uses the 2014 Gallup World Poll (GWP) dataset of individual food insecurity based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and employs a three-level linear probability model to assess the macro-economic effects of economic growth and income inequality on individual food insecurity. Results show that increases in the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita are concurrent with declines in individual food insecurity. The findings suggest that by tackling income inequality, economic growth can become a force for reducing food insecurity, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb2036en
A nonlinear switched-capacitor network for edge detection in early vision
Creators: name: Barman, Roderick A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A nonlinear switched-capacitor (SC) network for solving the early vision variational problem of edge detection has been designed and constructed using standard SC techniques and a novel nonlinear externally controlled SC resistive element. This new SC element allows, to a limited extent, the form of the variational problem to be "programmable". This allows nonconvex variational problems to be solved by the network using continuation-type methods. Appropriately designed SC networks are guaranteed to converge to a locally stable steady-state. As well, SC networks offer increased accuracy over analog networks composed of nonlinear resistances built from multiple MOSFETs. The operation of the network was analyzed and found to be equivalent to the numerical analysis minimization algorithm of gradient descent. The network's capabilities were demonstrated by "programming" the network to perform the graduated nonconvexity algorithm. A high-level functional network simulation was used to verify the correct operation of the GNC algorithm. A one-dimensional six node CMOS VLSI test chip was designed, simulated and submitted for fabrication.
Quorum sensing inhibitors from marine bacteria Oceanobacillus sp. XC22919
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaochun
name: Chen, Jianwei
name: Yan, Yinchun
name: Chen, Su
name: Xu, Xuewei
name: Zhang, Huawei
name: Wang, Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, three active compounds isolated from Oceanobacillus sp. XC22919 were identified as 2-methyl-N-(2′-phenylethyl) butyramide (1), 3-methyl-N-(2′-phenylethyl)-butyramide (2) and benzyl benzoate (3), and were first reported to exhibit the apparent quorum sensing inhibitory activities against C. violaceum 026 and P. aeruginosa. Compounds 1–3 inhibited violacein production of C. violaceum 026 by 10.5–55.7, 11.2–55.7, and 27.2%–95.7%, respectively, and inhibited pyocyanin production of P. aeruginosa by 1.7–50.8, 39.1–90.7, and 57.2%–98.7%, respectively. The azocasein-degrading proteolytic rates of P. aeruginosa were observed by 13.4–31.5, 13.4–28.8, and 11.3%–21.1%, respectively. With respect to elastase, the range of inhibition of activity of compounds 1–3 was 2.1–30.3, 4.2–18.2, and 8.9%–15.7%, respectively. Compounds 1 and 3 also showed a concentration-dependent attenuation in biofilm formation, with the maximum of 50.6% inhibition, and 37.7% inhibition at 100 μg/mL, respectively.
Fronts Propagation at the Onset of Plastic Yielding
Creators: name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Lo, Ting-Shek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a finite threshold, the yield stress, for the onset of plastic yielding is a universal feature of plasticity. This jamming-unjamming transition is naturally accounted for by the dynamics of a bistable internal state field. We show, within the athermal Shear Transformation Zones (STZ) theory of amorphous plasticity, that the transition is accompanied by the propagation of plastic fronts. We further show that the mean-field theory cannot select the velocity of these fronts and go beyond the mean-field description to include fluctuations and correlations effects, resulting in new nonlocal terms in the equations. Finally, we demonstrate that the new terms, with an associated intrinsic lengthscale, provide a velocity selection mechanism for the plastic fronts.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; reorganized paper, friction part omitted
Astronomy Snakes & Ladders Games
Creators: name: Yamani, Avivah
Publisher: name: AstroEdu
Year: 2021

description: Snakes and Ladders is a classic board game played between 2 or more players. The object of the game is to navigate one's game piece, according to die rolls, from the start (bottom square) to the finish (top square), helped or hindered by ladders or snakes respectively. In the astronomy-themed Snakes & Ladders, ladders have been replaced by rockets and snakes by comets. In Astronomy Snakes & Ladders, players act like astronauts travelling across the universe looking for a new world. While travelling, they will encounter several objects in the Universe. The astronauts start their journey from home, observe astronomical phenomena on Earth, fly through the Solar System, Galaxy and find stars, the black hole, and supernovae in their search for a new planet to stay. The game ends when one of the astronauts reaches the finish line or lands on the new planet. At the end of the activity, each player should tell the story of his or her journey and the objects encountered while travelling to the new world. Then, the teacher as the storyteller should introduce each object that the children encountered during the game.
description: AstroEdu, No. 2 (2014)
Toxic effects of selenite and selenate on marine microalgae : a physiological and ultrastructural study
Creators: name: Wong, Donald Chun Kit
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Seven species of marine phytoplankters assigned to different taxonomic divisions were tested for toxic responses to two different molecular species of selenium known to be prevalent in seawater, selenite and selenate. Selenate proved to be more toxic than selenite, although severe toxicity was only observed at high concentrations (10⁻² and 10⁻³ M) of both selenate and selenite. At these concentrations, growth was completely or severely inhibited in most species tested. In some of the species that remained viable, both the percentage of motile cells and their swimming speed were drastically reduced. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that, under these circumstances, Dunaliella tertiolecta cells possessed much shorter flagella compared to the controls, while those that became non-motile lacked flagella altogether. Despite these striking alterations in both growth and morphology, cells of Amphidinium carterae, Dunaliella tertiolecta and Pavlova lutheri showed, after prolonged exposures, signs of adaptation to high selenium concentrations. Lower concentrations of selenium were generally non-toxic and frequently even stimulatory to growth. These observations suggest that for meaningful inferences on selenium toxicity both the concentration range and the length of the studies must be considered and the potential for adaptation to high selenium concentrations taken into consideration. The main ultrastructural and physiological changes in cells of Dunaliella tertiolecta, Pavlova lutheri and Amphidinium carterae treated with selenite or selenate involved the cell coat, mitochondria, chloroplasts as well as the respiratory and photosynthetic rates. Other changes were observed in the nucleus, lipids, vacuoles, nitrogen and carbon contents, but these showed greater variability among the microalgae studied. The major alterations suggested that energy transducing systems were severely affected by selenium toxicity. These led to significant decreases or even elimination of storage products which were indicative of severe shortage in energy and produced major reductions in growth. These occurred later upon exposure to the toxicant and coincided with the loss of cell coat material, suggesting that the shedding of cell surface material might play a major role in the detoxification and adaptation of the microalgae to toxic concentrations of selenium.
Wetting problem for multi-component fluid mixtures
Creators: name: Gouin, Henri
name: Gavrilyuk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose an extension of the Cahn method to binary mixtures and study the problem of wetting near a two-phase critical point without any assumption on the form of intermolecular potentials. A comparison between Cahn's method and later works by Sullivan, Evans et al is made. By using an expression of the energy of interaction between solid surface and liquids proposed recently by Gouin, we obtain the equations of density profiles and the boundary conditions on a solid surface. In the case of a convex free energy, a one-dimensional solution of a linear problem is proposed for the density profiles between a bulk and on a solid wall. A non-linear model of binary mixtures extending Cahn's results for simple fluids is also studied. For the case of a purely attractive wall we have established a criterion of a first order transition in terms of the structure of the level set of the homogeneous part of the free energy. Additively, explicit expressions of density profiles near the wall are proposed. They allow one to consider the adsorption of mixture components by a solid wall.
description: 20 pages and 4 figures
Dirac fundamental quantization of gauge theories is natural way of reference frames in modern physics
Creators: name: Lantsman, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse two principal approaches to the quantization of physical models worked out to date. There are the Faddeev-Popov "heuristic" approach, based on fixing a gauge in the FP path integrals formalism, and the "fundamental" approach by Dirac based on the constraint-shell reduction of Hamiltonians with deleting unphysical variables. The relativistic invariant FP "heuristic" approach deals with the enough small class of problems associated with S-matrices squared taking on-shell of quantum fields. On the other hand, the "fundamental" quantization approach by Dirac involves the manifest relativistic covariance of quantum fields survived the constraint-shell reduction of Hamiltonians. This allows to apply this approach for the more broad class of problems than studying S-matrices. Researches about various bound states in QED and QCD are patterns of such applications. In the present study, with the example of the Dirac "fundamental" quantization of the Minkowskian non-Abelian Higgs model (us studied in its historical retrospective), we make sure in obvious advantages of this quantization approach. The arguments in favour of the Dirac fundamental quantization of physical model as a way of Einstein and Galilei relativity in modern physic will be presented.
description: v5; the specific approach to the mass gab problem in the Minkowskian BPS monopole model quantized by Dirac was pointed (see p.37 of the present issue); some references are added
Strong coupling limit of Bethe Ansatz equations
Creators: name: Kostov, Ivan
name: Serban, Didina
name: Volin, Dmytro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method to analyze the strong coupling limit of the Bethe ansatz equations supposed to give the spectrum of anomalous dimensions of the planar ${\cal N}=4$ gauge theory. This method is particularly adapted for the three rank-one sectors, $su(2)$, $su(1|1)$ and $sl(2)$. We use the elliptic parametrization of the Bethe ansatz variables, which degenerates to a hyperbolic one in the strong coupling limit. We analyze the equations for the highest excited states in the su(2) and $su(1|1)$ sectors and for the state corresponding to the twist-two operator in the $sl(2)$ sector, both without and with the dressing kernel. In some cases we were able to give analytic expressions for the leading order magnon densities. Our method reproduces all existing analytical and numerical results for these states at the leading order.
description: Typos corrected, references added, discrepancy with Beccaria at al. eliminated
METHODOLOGIAL APPROACHES INNOVATIVE METHODS , AND CHALLENGES IN DISTANCE EDUCATION
Creators: name: Qurbonova, Aziza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Distance education has become a significant mode of learning ,particulary in the 21st century due to advancements in technology and the incrasing demand for fexible learning enviroments .This paper explores various  methodological approaches utilized in distance education ,focusing on innovative methods such as gamification,flipped classrooms , and the integration of virtual reality (VR) and angmented reality (AR) These methods are discussed in the context of their effectiveness in enhancing student engagement fostering collaborative learning and improving learning outcomes .In addition to examining these innovative approaches , the paper identifies the key challenges in distance education,such as the digital divide , ensuring academic integrity in assessements,and maintaining effective communication between students and instructors .
Supplementary document for Terahertz polarization and chirality modulation induced by asymmetry inversion combining chiral metasurface and liquid crystal anisotropy - 6274275.pdf
Creators: name: Jiang, Xin
name: Ji, Yun-Yun
name: Fan, Fei
name: Zhao, Hunjun
name: Jiang, Song-Lin
name: Cheng, Jie -Rong
name: Wu, Maoqi
name: Xin, John
name: Chang, Shengjiang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1: This document contains the relevant results mentioned in Mauscript.
No evidence of isotopic fractionation in olive trees (Olea europaea): a stable isotope tracing experiment
Creators: name: Amin, Anam
name: Zuecco, Giulia
name: Marchina, Chiara
name: Engel, Michael
name: Penna, Daniele
name: McDonnell, Jeffrey J.
name: Borga, Marco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Plant transpiration is the dominant water flux in the global terrestrial water balance and a key process in the hydrological sciences. Stable isotopes have contributed greatly to this understanding but one difficult assumption for plant water source quantification using hydrogen and oxygen isotopes is that no isotopic fractionation occurs during water uptake and transport within the plant. Here we present a simple glasshouse experiment with two potted olive trees to test isotopic fractionation. We irrigated the trees with labelled water and cryogenically extracted water from twigs, cores and roots. We found no significant differences in the isotopic composition of water extracted from wood cores and twigs in distinct parts of the trees as they reflected the signature of labelled water. However, significant differences were obtained between plant water and deep soil water. Our results suggest no isotopic fractionation in olive trees, under the specific experimental conditions, validating the traditional isotope-tracing approach.
Ground-state fidelity in one-dimensional gapless model
Creators: name: Yang, Min-Fong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general relation between quantum phase transitions and the second derivative of the fidelity (or the "fidelity susceptibility") is proposed. The validity and the limitation of the fidelity susceptibility in characterizing quantum phase transitions is thus established. Moreover, based on the bosonization method, general formulas of the fidelity and the fidelity susceptibility are obtained for a class of one-dimensional gapless systems known as the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. Applying these formulas to the one-dimensional spin-1/2 $XXZ$ model, we find that quantum phase transitions, even of the Beresinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type, can be signaled by the fidelity susceptibility.
description: 4+ pages, no figure, published version
Additional file 5 of Identification of a m6A-related ferroptosis signature as a potential predictive biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Li, Dongdong
name: Chen, Ting
name: Li, Qiu-Gen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S1. The relationship between six gene in the model and the prognosis of patients with LUAD.
Coping with pain in rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Bishop, Carole Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This research investigated the role of coping strategies in reducing the pain experience of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients over a seven-day period. Sixty-three patients completed a twice-daily structured dairy consisting of an eight scale revision of the Ways of Coping (WOC), the depression subscale of the Affects Balance Scale (ABS), and a pain visual analogue scale (VAS). Multivariate analyses for repeated measures identified two coping strategies, Self-Care and Positive Reappraisal, as significantly effective in pain reduction. Self-Care includes behavioral attempts to manage the symptoms of RA. Positive Reappraisal involves cognitive efforts to redefine pain experience in positive terms. The other six coping strategies also demonstrated a trend to increased use on days when pain decreased. These data imply that intraindividual approaches in examining the coping/pain association have potential benefit for determining a causal relation between coping and pain.
Identification of curcumin as a novel natural inhibitor of rDNA transcription
Creators: name: Xu, Yinfeng
name: Wu, Yaosen
name: Wang, Lei
name: Qian, Chuying
name: Wang, Qian
name: Wan, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription drives cell growth and cell proliferation via the product ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the essential component of ribosome. Given the fundamental role of rRNA in ribosome biogenesis, rDNA transcription has emerged as one of the effective targets for a number of human diseases including various types of cancers. In this study, we identify curcumin, an ancient drug, as a novel natural inhibitor of rDNA transcription. Curcumin treatment impairs the assembly of the RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex at rDNA promoters and represses rDNA promoter activity, which leads to the decrease of rRNA synthesis. In addition, curcumin treatment stimulates autophagosome formation and promotes autophagic degradation in cells. Mechanistically, curcumin inactivates the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the upstream regulator of rDNA transcription and autophagy induction, by inhibiting mTOR lysosomal localization. Functionally, curcumin treatment inhibits protein synthesis, cell growth and cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings identify curcumin as an effective inhibitor of rDNA transcription and provide novel mechanisms for the anticancer properties of curcumin. Abbreviations: Atg: autophagy-related; GFP: green fluorescent protein; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; mTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; rDNA: ribosomal DNA; rRNA: ribosomal RNA; TP53INP2: tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2.
White dwarf stars in D dimensions
Creators: name: Chavanis, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the mass-radius relation of relativistic white dwarf stars (a self-gravitating degenerate Fermi gas at T=0) in a D-dimensional universe and study the influence of the dimension of space on the laws of physics when we combine quantum mechanics, special relativity and gravity. We exhibit characteristic dimensions D=1, D=2, D=3, D={1\over 2}(3+\sqrt{17}), D=4, D=2(1+\sqrt{2}) and show that quantum mechanics cannot balance gravitational collapse for D\ge 4, even in the non-relativistic regime. This is similar to a result found by Ehrenfest (1917) at the atomic level for Coulomb forces (in Bohr's model) and for the Kepler problem. This makes the dimension of our universe D=3 very particular. We discuss some historic aspects concerning the discovery of the Chandrasekhar (1931b) limiting mass in relation with previous investigations by Anderson (1929) and Stoner (1930). We also show the analogy between the Chandrasekhar limiting mass of white dwarf stars and the critical mass of biological populations in the two-dimensional chemotactic problem.
No evidence of isotopic fractionation in olive trees (Olea europaea): a stable isotope tracing experiment
Creators: name: Amin, Anam
name: Zuecco, Giulia
name: Marchina, Chiara
name: Engel, Michael
name: Penna, Daniele
name: McDonnell, Jeffrey J.
name: Borga, Marco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Plant transpiration is the dominant water flux in the global terrestrial water balance and a key process in the hydrological sciences. Stable isotopes have contributed greatly to this understanding but one difficult assumption for plant water source quantification using hydrogen and oxygen isotopes is that no isotopic fractionation occurs during water uptake and transport within the plant. Here we present a simple glasshouse experiment with two potted olive trees to test isotopic fractionation. We irrigated the trees with labelled water and cryogenically extracted water from twigs, cores, and roots. We found no significant differences in the isotopic composition of waters extracted from wood cores and twigs in distinct parts of the trees as they reflected the signature of labelled water. However, significant differences were obtained between plant and deep soil waters. Our results suggest no isotopic fractionation in olive trees, under the specific experimental conditions, validating the traditional isotope-tracing approach.
Hydromagnetic waves in a superfluid neutron star with strong vortex pinning
Creators: name: van Hoven, Maarten
name: Levin, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron-star cores may be hosts of a unique mixture of a neutron superfluid and a proton superconductor. Compelling theoretical arguments have been presented over the years that if the proton superconductor is of type II, than the superconductor fluxtubes and superfluid vortices should be strongly coupled and hence the vortices should be pinned to the proton-electron plasma in the core. We explore the effect of this pinning on the hydromagnetic waves in the core, and discuss 2 astrophysical applications of our results: 1. We show that even in the case of strong pinning, the core Alfven waves thought to be responsible for the low-frequency magnetar quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) are not significantly mass-loaded by the neutrons. The decoupling of about 0.95 of the core mass from the Alfven waves is in fact required in order to explain the QPO frequencies, for simple magnetic geometries and for magnetic fields not greater than 10^{15} Gauss. 2. We show that in the case of strong vortex pinning, hydromagnetic stresses exert stabilizing influence on the Glaberson instability, which has recently been proposed as a potential source of superfluid turbulence in neutron stars.
description: 10 pages, significantly improved and accepted to MNRAS. Old results unchanged, additional new result: robust theoretical upper limit on the fast precession angle
Lifting endomorphisms to automorphisms
Creators: name: Arveson, William
name: Courtney, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L55, 46L09

description: Normal endomorphisms of von Neumann algebras need not be extendable to automorphisms of a larger von Neumann algebra, but they always have asymptotic lifts. We describe the structure of endomorphisms and their asymptotic lifts in some detail, and apply those results to complete the identification of asymptotic lifts of unital completely positive linear maps on von Neumann algebras in terms of their minimal dilations to endomorphisms.
description: 7 pages, minor clarification of the introduction, new reference
Strong covalent bonding between two graphene layers
Creators: name: de Andres, P. L.
name: Ramirez, R.
name: Verges, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two graphene layers stacked directly on top of each other (AA stacking) form strong chemical bonds when the distance between planes is 0.156 nm. Simultaneously, C-C in-plane bonds are considerably weakened from partial double-bond (0.141 nm) to single bond (0.154 nm). This polymorphic form of graphene bilayer is meta-stable w.r.t. the one bound by van der Waals forces at a larger separation (0.335 nm) with an activation energy of 0.16 eV/cell. Similarly to the structure found in hexaprismane, C forms four single bonds in a geometry mixing 90^{0} and 120^{0} angles. Intermediate separations between layers can be stabilized under external anisotropic stresses showing a rich electronic structure changing from semimetal at van der Waals distance, to metal when compressed, to wide gap semiconductor at the meta-stable minimum.
description: tar gzip latex 4 pages 4 figures
The Mixed State of Charge-Density-Wave in a Ring-Shaped Single Crystals
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahiko
name: Ebisawa, Hiromichi
name: Kuboki, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge-density-wave (CDW) phase transition in a ring-shaped crystals, recently synthesized by Tanda et al. [Nature, 417, 397 (2002)], is studied based on a mean-field-approximation of Ginzburg-Landau free energy. It is shown that in a ring-shaped crystals CDW undergoes frustration due to the curvature (bending) of the ring (geometrical frustration) and, thus, forms a mixed state analogous to what a type-II superconductor forms under a magnetic field. We discuss the nature of the phase transition in the ring-CDW in relation to recent experiments.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The challenge of making climate adaptation profitable for farmers: evidence from Sri Lanka’s rice sector
Creators: name: Bandara, S.
name: Ignaciuk, S.
name: Hewage, A.
name: Kwon, J.
name: Munaweera, T.
name: Scognamillo, A.
name: Sitko, N.
name: Bandara, S.
name: Ignaciuk, S.
name: Hewage, A.
name: Kwon, J.
name: Munaweera, T.
name: Scognamillo, A.
name: Sitko, N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: climate change adaptation
subject: agricultural sector
subject: drought
subject: impact assessment
subject: best practices
subject: Sri Lanka

description: Increased incidences of drought and water scarcity due to climate change is an important challenge facing Sri Lanka’s agricultural sector. Identifying farm practices that can reduce its adverse impacts on agricultural production and farmers’ livelihoods is a key policy objective in Sri Lanka. This paper makes use of household survey data collected in Anurādhapura District to evaluate the impacts of 11 drought adaptation practices adopted by farmers in the district. The impacts of the practices are estimated simultaneously along two dimensions: 1) impact on sensitivity to water stress (measured in terms of the probability of experiencing crop loss due to wilting) and 2) impact on household livelihood (measured in terms of total value of crops harvested and total gross household income). After accounting for a wide range of confounding factors, five practices are found to be associated with a reduced sensitivity to water stress. However, only two of these are simultaneously associated with a higher gross value of crops harvested, while none is associated with significant differences in household income relative to non-adopters. The reasons for this vary by practice, but are linked to opportunity costs of household labour and market weaknesses for crops other than rice. Making climate adaptation practices profitable is a key challenge faced by policy-makers and will require a holistic research and extension approach that is bundled with complementary support to market institutions, such as appropriate mechanization services, value chain support for other field crops and input supply systems.
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb3384en
Characterization of six monoclonal antibodies against the Minute Virus of Mice NS-1 protein, and the use of one in the immunoaffinity purification of NS-1 expressed in insect cells
Creators: name: Yeung, Douglas Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Six mouse monoclonal antibodies have been isolated which react against a bacterial fusion protein containing amino acids 364 to 623 of the NS-1 protein of the prototype strain of the Minute Virus of Mice (MVMp). All six were found to be of the IgG class of antibodies; five being IgG₁ and the sixth being IgG₂[formula omitted]. By immunoblot analyses, these antibodies all recognize an 83 kDa protein found only in MVM-infected mouse fibroblast cells, leading to the assumption that they are all NS-1 specific. Further evidence for this assumption is obtained from indirect immunofluorescence studies showing all but one of the mAbs react against a nuclear protein found in MVM-infected cells. The epitopes of the antibodies were mapped using carboxy-terminal deleted bacterial fusion proteins derived from the plasmid encoding the original antigen. For the six monoclonal antibodies, four distinct epitopes were found (A - D). Three were clustered in a 16 amino acid region near the carboxy-terminal of the bacterial fusion protein, while the fourth was slightly more toward the amino-terminal side. Competition ELISAs against a 25 amino acid NS-1 specific peptide confirmed the mapping of the A epitope recognized by the CE10 and AC6 monoclonal antibodies. Also in this thesis, the characterization of a NS-1 fusion protein and a non-fused NS-1 protein expressed in insect cells by recombinant baculoviruses is also described. The latter, a full-length NS-1 protein designated NS-1[formula omitted]ⅽ, was found to be an 84 kDa cytoplasmic protein. This protein was immunoprecipitated by all six monoclonal antibodies. A CE10 monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity column was employed in the single-step purification of NS-1 [formula omitted]c from insect cells. Four elution methods (alkaline, peptide, 6M guanidinium, and acid) were examined and the best purification was obtained using the acid elution.
Dielectronic Resonance Method for Measuring Isotope Shifts
Creators: name: Schuch, R.
name: Lindroth, E.
name: Madzunkov, S.
name: Fogle, M.
name: Mohamed, T.
name: Indelicato, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Longstanding problems in the comparison of very accurate hyperfine-shift measurements to theory were partly overcome by precise measurements on few-electron highly-charged ions. Still the agreement between theory and experiment is unsatisfactory. In this paper, we present a radically new way of precisely measuring hyperfine shifts, and demonstrate its effectiveness in the case of the hyperfine shift of $4s\_{1/2}$ and $4p\_{1/2}$ in $^{207}\mathrm{Pb}^{53+}$. It is based on the precise detection of dielectronic resonances that occur in electron-ion recombination at very low energy. This allows us to determine the hyperfine constant to around 0.6 meV accuracy which is on the order of 10%.
General post-Minkowskian expansion of time transfer functions
Creators: name: Teyssandier, Pierre
name: Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling most of the tests of general relativity requires to know the function relating light travel time to the coordinate time of reception and to the spatial coordinates of the emitter and the receiver. We call such a function the reception time transfer function. Of course, an emission time transfer function may as well be considered. We present here a recursive procedure enabling to expand each time transfer function into a perturbative series of ascending powers of the Newtonian gravitational constant $G$ (general post-Minkowskian expansion). Our method is self-sufficient, in the sense that neither the integration of null geodesic equations nor the determination of Synge's world function are necessary. To illustrate the method, the time transfer function of a three-parameter family of static, spherically symmetric metrics is derived within the post-linear approximation.
description: 10 pages. Minor modifications. Accepted in Classical and Quantum Gravity