cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Methane production in ruminant animals
Creators: name: Zaman, M.
name: Kleineidam, K.
name: Bakken, L.
name: Berendt, J.
name: Bracken, C.
name: Butterbach-Bahl, K.
name: Cai, Z.
name: Chang, S. X.
name: Clough, T.
name: Dawar, K.
name: Ding, W. X.
name: Dörsch, P.
name: Dos Reis Martins, M.
name: Eckhardt, C.
name: Fiedler, S.
name: Frosch, T.
name: Goopy, J.
name: Görres, C.-M.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Henjes, S.
name: Hofmann, M. E. G.
name: Horn, M. A.
name: Jahangir, M. M. R.
name: Jansen-Willems, A.
name: Lenhart, K.
name: Heng, L.
name: Lewicka-Szczebak, D.
name: Lucic, G.
name: Merbold, L.
name: Mohn, J.
name: Molstad, L.
name: Moser, G.
name: Murphy, P.
name: Sanz-Cobena, A.
name: Šimek, M.
name: Urquiaga, S.
name: Well, R.
name: Wrage-Mönnig, N.
name: Zaman, S.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Müller, C.
Publisher: name: Cham : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: CH4
subject: Direct and indirect emission
subject: GHGs
subject: SF6
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Agriculture is a significant source of GHGs globally and ruminant livestock animals are one of the largest contributors to these emissions, responsible for an estimated 14% of GHGs (CH4 and N2O combined) worldwide. A large portion of GHG fluxes from agricultural activities is related to CH4 emissions from ruminants. Both direct and indirect methods are available. Direct methods include enclosure techniques, artificial (e.g. SF6) or natural (e.g. CO2) tracer techniques, and micrometeorological methods using open-path lasers. Under the indirect methods, emission mechanisms are understood, where the CH4 emission potential is estimated based on the substrate characteristics and the digestibility (i.e. from volatile fatty acids). These approximate methods are useful if no direct measurement is possible. The different systems used to quantify these emission potentials are presented in this chapter. Also, CH4 from animal waste (slurry, urine, dung) is an important source: methods pertaining to measuring GHG potential from these sources are included.
MATHICSE Technical Report : A model order reduction framework for parametrized nonlinear PDE constrained optimization
Creators: name: Negri, Federico
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, we propose a model order reduction framework for parametrized quadratic optimization problems constrained by nonlinear stationary PDEs. Once the solutions of the optimization problem are characterized as the solutions of the corresponding optimality system, we build a reduced-order model following a suitableall-at-once optimize-then-reduce paradigm. Low-dimensional spaces for the state, control and adjoint variables are simultaneously constructed by means of either the Reduced Basis greedy algorithm or Proper Orthogonal Decomposition. In order to estimate the error between the high-fidelity and reduced solutions, we derive an a posteriori bound based on Brezzi-Rappaz-Raviart theory; further, a bound for the error on the cost functional is obtained. Then, for the sake of computational efficiency, we integrate into this framework the ROMES method presented in Drohmann et al. (2015) to generate tighter error indicators. Finally, this methodology is applied to the boundary optimal control of parametrized Navier-Stokes equations.
MATHICSE Technical Report : Nitsche’s method for parabolic Partial Differential Equations with mixed time varying boundary conditions
Creators: name: Tagliabue, Anna
name: Dede', Luca
name: Quarteroni, Alfio
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: We investigate a finite element approximation of an initial boundary value problem associated with parabolic Partial Differential Equations endowed with mixed time varying boundary conditions, switching from essential to natural and viceversa. The switching occurs both in time and in different portions of the boundary. For this problem, we apply and extend the Nitsche’s method presented in [Juntunen and Stenberg, Mathematics of Computation, 2009] to the case of mixed time varying boundary conditions. After proving existence and numerical stability of the full discrete numerical solution obtained by using the θ-method for time discretization, we present and discuss a numerical test that compares our method to a standard approach based on remeshing and projection procedures.
MATHICSE Technical Report : FaCSI : A block parallel preconditioner for fluid-structure interaction in hemodynamics
Creators: name: Deparis, Simone
name: Forti, Davide
name: Grandperrin, Gwenol
name: Quarteroni, Alfio
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: Modeling Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) in the vascular system is mandatory to reliably compute mechanical indicators in vessels undergoing large deformations. In order to cope with the computational complexity of the coupled 3D FSI problem after discretizations in space and time, a parallel solution is often mandatory. In this paper we propose a new block parallel preconditioner for the coupled linearized FSI system obtained after space and time discretization. We name it FaCSI to indicate that it exploits the factorized form of the linearized FSI matrix, the use of static condensation to formally eliminate the interface degrees of freedom of the fluid equations, and the use of a SIMPLE preconditioner for saddle-point problems. FaCSI is builtupon a block Gauss-Seidel factorization of the FSI Jacobian matrix and it uses ad-hoc preconditioners for each physical component of the coupled problem, namely the fluid, the structure and the geometry. In the fluid subproblem, after operating static condensation of the interface fluid variables, we use a SIMPLE preconditioner on the reduced fluid matrix. Moreover, to efficiently deal with a large number of processes, FaCSI exploits efficient single field preconditioners, e.g., based on domain decomposition or the multigrid method. We measure the parallel performances of FaCSI on a benchmark cylindrical geometry and on a problem of physiological interest, namely the blood flow through a patient-specific femoropopliteal bypass. We analyse the dependence of the number of linear solver iterations on the cores count (scalability of the preconditioner) and on the mesh size (optimality).
MATHICSE Technical Report : A priori error analysis of the finite element heterogenenous multiscale method for the wave equation in heterogenenous media over long time
Creators: name: Abulle, Assyr
name: Pouchon, Timothée Noé
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: A fully discrete a priori analysis of the finite element heterogenenous multiscale method (FE-HMM) introduced in [A. Abdulle, M. Grote, C. Stohrer, MultiscaleModel. Simul. 2014] for the wave equation with highly oscillatory coefficients over long time is presented. A sharpa priori convergence rate for the numerical method is derived for long time intervals. The effective model over long time is a Boussinesq-type equation that has been shown to approximate the one-dimensional multiscale wave equation with ε-periodic coefficients up to timeO(ε−2) in [Lamacz, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci., 2011]. In this paper we also revisit this result by deriving and analysing a family of effective Boussinesq-type equations for the approximation of the multiscale wave equation that depends on the normalization chosen for certain micro functions used to define the macroscopic models.
On the common origin of cosmic rays across the ankle and diffuse neutrinos at the highest energies from low-luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Boncioli, Denise
name: Biehl, Daniel
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the UHECRs produced in the nuclear cascade in the jet of Low-Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts (LL-GRBs) can describe the UHECR spectrum and composition and, at the same time, the diffuse neutrino flux at the highest energies. The radiation density in the source simultaneously controls the neutrino production and the development of the nuclear cascade, leading to a flux of nucleons and light nuclei describing even the cosmic-ray ankle at $5 \times 10^{18}$ eV. The derived source parameters are consistent with population studies, indicating a baryonic loading factor of about ten. Our results motivate the continued experimental search of LL-GRBs as a unique GRB population.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Soft diffraction and the elastic slope at Tevatron and LHC energies: a multi-Pomeron approach
Creators: name: Khoze, V. A.
name: Martin, A. D.
name: Ryskin, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism for high energy soft processes, mediated by Pomerons, which embodies pion-loop insertions in the Pomeron trajectory, rescattering effects via a two-channel eikonal and high-mass diffractive dissociation. It describes all the main features of the data throughout the ISR to Tevatron energy interval. We give predictions for soft diffractive phenomena at the LHC energy, and we calculate the different survival probabilities of rapidity gaps which occur in various diffractive processes.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures, LaTeX; version to be published in EPJC, minor changes to the text, references and footnotes
title: A laboratory scale fast feedback characterization loop for optimizing coated catalysts for emission control
Creators: name: Delrieux, Tim
name: Sharma, Shweta
name: Maurer, Florian
name: Dolcet, Paolo
name: Lausch, Maximilian
name: Zimina, Anna
name: Cárdenas, Camilo
name: Lott, Patrick
name: Casapu, Maria
name: Sheppard, Thomas Lennon
name: Grunwaldt, Jan-Dierk
Publisher: name: The Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2025

description: Coating of structured substrates like ceramic honeycombs plays an important role in heterogenous gas-phase catalysis. This work aims at understanding the effects of different coating parameters on the activity of a noble metal-based oxidation catalyst by using a novel fast and non-invasive photo-based channel analysis approach. The impact of the milling intensity, binder amount, catalyst layer thickness and distribution in the ceramic cordierite channels were systematically correlated with the activity profiles for CO, methane and propylene oxidation over a 1.8% Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst. High milling intensities led to the formation of thinner catalyst layers with smaller particles, which were more evenly distributed throughout all channels and allowed the reactants to penetrate more efficiently. In contrast, the amount of binder added had a negligible influence on the catalyst activity. These findings were validated by X-ray tomography and complemented by SEM-analysis, a diffuse backlight-illumination imaging method, and mercury intrusion porosimetry.
MATHICSE Technical Report : A certified reduced basis method for PDE-constrained parametric optimization problems by an adjoint-based approach
Creators: name: Manzoni, Andrea
name: Pagani, Stefano
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: In this paper we present a certified reduced basis (RB) framework for the efficient solution of PDE-constrained parametric optimization problems. We consider optimization problems (such as optimal control and optimal design) governed by elliptic PDEs and involving possibly non-convex cost functionals, assuming that the control functions are described in terms of a parameters vector. At each optimization step, the high-fidelity approximation of state and adjoint problems is replaced by a certified RB approximation, thus yielding a very efficient solution through an “optimize-then-reduce” approach. We develop a posteriori error estimates for the solutions of state and adjoint problems, for the cost functional, its gradient and the optimal parameters. We confirm our theoretical results in the case of optimal control/design problems dealing with potential and thermal flows.
Probing Trilinear Gauge Boson Couplings at Colliders
Creators: name: Zeppenfeld, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct measurement of the trilinear $WWγ$ and $WWZ$ couplings is possible in the pair production of electroweak bosons at $e^+e^-$ and hadron colliders. This talk addresses some of the theoretical issues: the parameterization of ``anomalous couplings'' in terms of form factors and effective Lagrangians, the complementary information which can be obtained in $e^+e^-$ vs. hadron collider experiments, and a novel way to implement finite $W$-width effects in a gauge invariant manner.
description: Talk given at the International Symposium on Vector Boson Self-Interactions, Feb. 1--3, 1995, UCLA, Los Angeles. Revtex 3.0, 14 pages. Uses epsf.sty to place 6 postscript figures. Compressed postscript file of text with figures at ftp://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/madph-95-892.ps.Z or http://phenom.physics.wisc.edu/madph-95-892.ps.Z
MATHICSE Technical Report : A fluid-structure interaction algorithm using radial basis function interpolation between non-conforming interfaces
Creators: name: Deparis, Simone
name: Forti, Davide
name: Quarteroni, Alfio
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: We consider a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem discretized by finite elements featuring two different grids that do not necessarily agree on the interface separating the computational domain of the fluid from the one of the structure. After identifying a master domain (the structural domain) and a slave domain (the fluid domain), we build up two Radial Basis Function (RBF) inter-grid operators, one Pfs from master to slave, and the other Psf from slave to master. Then, we enforce the kinematic condition by equating the fluid velocity at the interface as the image through Pfs of the temporal derivative of the structural displacement. On the other hand, the dynamic interface condition is fulfilled via a variational method where the strong form of the structural normal stress is obtained as the image through Psf of the strong form of the fluid normal stress. A numerical verification is carried out for a straight cylinder and for a patient-specific arterial bypass geometry. This new method is easy to implement and optimally accurate.
Quantifying memories: mapping urban perception
Creators: name: He, Shan
name: Yoshimura, Yuji
name: Helfer, Jonas
name: Hack, Gary
name: Ratti, Carlo
name: Nagakura, Takehiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What people choose to see, like, or remember is of profound interest to city planners and architects. Previous research suggests what people are more likely to store in their memory - buildings with dominant shapes and bright colors, historical sites, and intruding signs - yet little has been done by the systematic survey. This paper attempts to understand the relationships between the spatial structure of the built environment and inhabitants' memory of the city derived from their perceptual knowledge. For this purpose, we employed the web-based visual survey in the form of a geo-guessing game. This enables us to externalize people's spatial knowledge as a large-scale dataset. The result sheds light on unknown aspects of the cognitive role in exploring the built environment, and hidden patterns embedded in the relationship between the spatial elements and the mental map.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Micrometeorological methods for greenhouse gas measurement
Creators: name: Zaman, M.
name: Kleineidam, K.
name: Bakken, L.
name: Berendt, J.
name: Bracken, C.
name: Butterbach-Bahl, K.
name: Cai, Z.
name: Chang, S. X.
name: Clough, T.
name: Dawar, K.
name: Ding, W. X.
name: Dörsch, P.
name: Dos Reis Martins, M.
name: Eckhardt, C.
name: Fiedler, S.
name: Frosch, T.
name: Goopy, J.
name: Görres, C.-M.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Henjes, S.
name: Hofmann, M. E. G.
name: Horn, M. A.
name: Jahangir, M. M. R.
name: Jansen-Willems, A.
name: Lenhart, K.
name: Heng, L.
name: Lewicka-Szczebak, D.
name: Lucic, G.
name: Merbold, L.
name: Mohn, J.
name: Molstad, L.
name: Moser, G.
name: Murphy, P.
name: Sanz-Cobena, A.
name: Šimek, M.
name: Urquiaga, S.
name: Well, R.
name: Wrage-Mönnig, N.
name: Zaman, S.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Müller, C.
Publisher: name: Cham : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Eddy correlation
subject: Energy balance
subject: Flux gradient
subject: Mass balance
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Micrometeorological techniques are useful if greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from larger areas (i.e. entire fields) should be integrated. The theory and the various techniques such as flux-gradient, aerodynamic, and Bowen ratio as well as Eddy correlationmethods are described and discussed. Alternativemethods also used areEddy correlation, mass balance techniques, and tracer-based methods.The analytical techniques with current state-of-the-art approaches as well as the calculation procedures are presented.
MATHICSE Technical Report : A reduced basis finite element heterogeneous multiscale method for Stokes flow in porous media
Creators: name: Abdulle, Assyr
name: Budác, Ondrej
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: A reduced basis Darcy-Stokes finite element heterogeneous multiscale method (RB-DS-FE-HMM) is proposed for the Stokes problem in porous media. The multiscale method is based on the Darcy-Stokes finite element heterogeneous multiscale method (DS-FE-HMM) introduced in [A. Abdulle, O. Budáč, Multiscale Model. Simul. 13 (2015)] that couples a Darcy equation solved on a macroscopic mesh, with missing permeability data extracted from the solutions of Stokes micro problems at each macroscopic quadrature point. To overcome the increasingly growing cost of repeatedly solving the Stokes micro problems as the macroscopic mesh is refined, we parametrize the microscopic solid geometry and approximate the infinite-dimensional manifold of parameter dependent solutions of Stokes problems by a low-dimensional space. This low-dimensional (reduced basis) space is obtained in an offline stage by a greedy algorithm and used in an online stage to compute the effective Darcy permeability at a cost independent of the microscopic mesh. The discretization of the parametrized Stokes problems relies on a Petrov-Galerkin formulation that allows for a stable and fast online evaluation of the required permeabilities. A priori and a posteriori estimates of the RB-DS-FE-HMM are derived and a residual-based adaptive algorithm is proposed. Two- and three-dimensional numerical experiments confirm the accuracy of the RB-DS-FE-HMM and illustrate the speedup compared to the DS-FE-HMM.
Automatic trajectory recognition in Active Target Time Projection Chambers data by means of hierarchical clustering
Creators: name: Dalitz, Christoph
name: Ayyad, Yassid
name: Wilberg, Jens
name: Aymans, Lukas
name: Bazin, Daniel
name: Mittig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automatic reconstruction of three-dimensional particle tracks from Active Target Time Projection Chambers data can be a challenging task, especially in the presence of noise. In this article, we propose a non-parametric algorithm that is based on the idea of clustering point triplets instead of the original points. We define an appropriate distance measure on point triplets and then apply a single-link hierarchical clustering on the triplets. Compared to parametric approaches like RANSAC or the Hough transform, the new algorithm has the advantage of potentially finding trajectories even of shapes that are not known beforehand. This feature is particularly important in low-energy nuclear physics experiments with Active Targets operating inside a magnetic field. The algorithm has been validated using data from experiments performed with the Active Target Time Projection Chamber developed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL).The results demonstrate the capability of the algorithm to identify and isolate particle tracks that describe non-analytical trajectories. For curved tracks, the vertex detection recall was 86\% and the precision 94\%. For straight tracks, the vertex detection recall was 96\% and the precision 98\%. In the case of a test set containing only straight linear tracks, the algorithm performed better than an iterative Hough transform.
description: 12 pages; fixed up references
MOESM1 of G6PD deficiency, primaquine treatment, and risk of haemolysis in malaria-infected patients
Creators: name: Avalos, Sara
name: Mejia, Rosa
name: Engels Banegas
name: Salinas, Cesar
name: Gutierrez, Lester
name: Fajardo, Marcela
name: Suzeth Galo
name: Pinto, Alejandra
name: Mejia, Angel
name: Fontecha, Gustavo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Mean of haemoglobin concentration of individuals with G6PD genotype B and A+â by age and sex.
Дослідження пізньосередньовічного Василькова на Київщині у 1994—1995 роках
Creators: name: Орлов, Руслан
name: Стародуб, Олексій
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430101
subject: Archaeological science

description: Орлов, Р. С., Стародуб, О. В. 2000. Дослідження пізньосередньовічного Василькова на Київщині у 1994—1995 роках. Археологічні дослідження в Україні 1994—1996 років, с. 120-121.
The discrimination between star-forming and AGN galaxies in the absence of Hα and [NII]: A machine learning approach
Creators: name: Teimoorinia, Hossen
name: Keown, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of the two emission lines H$α$ and [NII] (6584Å) in a BPT diagram, we show that other spectral information is sufficiently informative to distinguish AGN galaxies from star-forming galaxies. We use pattern recognition methods and a sample of galaxy spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to show that, in this survey, the flux and equivalent width of [OIII] (5007Å) and H$β$, along with the 4000Å-break, can be used to classify galaxies in a BPT diagram. This method provides a higher accuracy of predictions than those which use stellar mass and [OIII]/H$β$. First, we use BPT diagrams and various physical parameters to re-classify the galaxies. Next, using confusion matrices, we determine the `correctly' predicted classes as well as confused cases. In this way, we investigate the effect of each parameter in the confusion matrices and rank the physical parameters used in the discrimination of the different classes. We show that in this survey, for example, $\rm{g - r}$ colour can provide the same accuracy as galaxy stellar mass to predict whether or not a galaxy hosts an AGN. Finally, with the same information, we also rank the parameters involved in the discrimination of Seyfert and LINER galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 12 pages, 14 figures
Generalized Conformal Symmetry in D-Brane Matrix Models
Creators: name: Jevicki, Antal
name: Kazama, Yoichi
name: Yoneya, Tamiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the extension of the generalized conformal symmetry proposed previously for D-particles to the case of supersymmetric Yang-Mills matrix models of Dp-branes for arbitrary p. It is demonstrated that such a symmetry indeed exists both in the Yang-Mills theory and in the corresponding supergravity backgrounds produced by Dp-branes. On the Yang-Mills side, we derive the field-dependent special conformal transformations for the collective coordinates of Dp-branes in the one-loop approximation, and show that they coincide with the transformations on the supergravity side. These transformations are powerful in restricting the forms of the effective actions of probe D-branes in the fixed backgrounds of source D-branes. Furthermore, our formalism enables us to extend the concept of (generalized) conformal symmetry to arbitrary configurations of D-branes, which can still be used to restrict the dynamics of D-branes. For such general configurations, however, it cannot be endowed a simple classical space-time interpretation at least in the static gauge adopted in the present formulation of D-branes.
description: 26 pages, no figures
Control and Accountability: Administrative Courts and Courts of Audit
Creators: name: Mehde, Veith
Publisher: name: Cham : Palgrave Macmillan
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Administrative courts
subject: Control
subject: Courts of audit
subject: Judges
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::340 | Recht

description: The control of the administration by administrative courts follows very particular rules. Two elements of the German system stand out: first, the intensive type of control which makes the scope for independent administrative decision-making an exception. Second, the quite strict restrictions on locus standi. The development of administrative law by the courts and its application by the administration are an elementary part of the German legalistic tradition. The courts of audit at all levels of government also play an independent role. They can control the proper as well as the efficient use of funds from the respective budgets. While there is no enforcement mechanism, the publication of the findings certainly leads to pressure to comply.
Radiation pressure in finite Fabry-Pérot cavities
Creators: name: Grünwald, P.
name: Rodríguez-Lara, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of finite size and misalignment on a fundamental optomechanical setup: a Fabry-Pérot cavity with one fixed and one moveable mirror. We describe in detail light confinement under these real world imperfections and compare the behaviour of the intracavity and output fields to the well-known ideal case. In particular, we show that it is possible to trace the motion of the movable mirror itself by measuring intensity changes in the output field even in the presence of fabrication shortcomings and thermal noise. Our result might be relevant to the transition from high precision research experiments to everyday commercial applications of optomechanics; such as high-precission stepmotor or actuator positioning.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Stance Inference in Twitter through Graph Convolutional Collaborative Filtering Networks with Minimal Supervision
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhiwei
name: Elejalde, Erick
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Association for Computing Machinery
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: collaborative filtering
subject: graph convolutional networks
subject: recommendation system
subject: stance prediction
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Social Media (SM) has become a stage for people to share thoughts, emotions, opinions, and almost every other aspect of their daily lives. This abundance of human interaction makes SM particularly attractive for social sensing. Especially during polarizing events such as political elections or referendums, users post information and encourage others to support their side, using symbols such as hashtags to represent their attitudes. However, many users choose not to attach hashtags to their messages, use a different language, or show their position only indirectly. Thus, automatically identifying their opinions becomes a more challenging task. To uncover these implicit perspectives, we propose a collaborative filtering model based on Graph Convolutional Networks that exploits the textual content in messages and the rich connections between users and topics. Moreover, our approach only requires a small annotation effort compared to state-of-the-art solutions. Nevertheless, the proposed model achieves competitive performance in predicting individuals' stances. We analyze users' attitudes ahead of two constitutional referendums in Chile in 2020 and 2022. Using two large Twitter datasets, our model achieves improvements of 3.4% in recall and 3.6% in accuracy over the baselines.
MATHICSE Technical Report : Preconditioned low-rank Riemannian optimization for linear systems with tensor product structure
Creators: name: Kressner, Daniel
name: Steinlechner, Michael Maximilian
name: Vandereycken, Bart Carl
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: The numerical solution of partial differential equations on high-dimensional domains gives rise to computationally challenging linear systems. When using standard discretization techniques, the size of the linear system grows exponentially with the number of dimensions, making the use of classic iterative solvers infeasible. During the last few years, low-rank tensor approaches have been developed that allow to mitigate this curse of dimensionality by exploiting the underlying structure of the linear operator. In this work, we focus on tensors represented in the Tucker and tensor train formats. We propose two preconditioned gradient methods on the corresponding low-rank tensor manifolds: A Riemannian version of the preconditioned Richardson method as well as an approximate Newton scheme based on the Riemannian Hessian. For the latter, considerable attention is given to the efficient solution of the resulting Newton equation. In numerical experiments, we compare the efficiency of our Riemannian algorithms with other established tensor-based approaches such as a truncated preconditioned Richardson method and the alternating linear scheme. The results show that our approximate Riemannian Newton scheme is significantly faster in cases when the application of the linear operator is expensive.
title: Modellering Belgische kustzone en Scheldemonding: deelrapport 3. Modellering van de morfologische effecten na aanleg nieuwe Geul van de Walvischstaart
Creators: name: De Maerschalck, Bart
name: Dijkstra, J.
name: Nnafie, Abdel
name: Vroom, Julia
name: Van Oyen, Tomas
name: Röbke, B.R.
name: Van Der Werf, J.
name: van der Wegen, Mick
name: van Maren, Bas
name: Taal, Marcel
name: Vanlede, Joris
name: Verwaest, Toon
name: Mostaert, Frank
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics
Year: 2017

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen.
Volume : 15_068_3
Issue :
Pagination : XV , 64 + 12 p. bijl.
The Performance of Distributed Applications: A Traffic Shaping Perspective
Creators: name: Hasenoot, Jasper A.
name: Rellermeyer, Jan S.
name: Uta, Alexandru
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Association for Computing Machinery
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: networked application performance
subject: traffic shaping
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Widely used in datacenters and clouds, network traffic shaping is a performance influencing factor that is often overlooked when benchmarking or simply deploying distributed applications. While in theory traffic shaping should allow for a fairer sharing of network resources, in practice it also introduces new problems: performance (measurement) inconsistency and long tails. In this paper we investigate the effects of traffic shaping mechanisms on common distributed applications. We characterize the performance of a distributed key-value store, big data workloads, and high-performance computing under state-of-the-art benchmarks, while the underlying network's traffic is shaped using state-of-the-art mechanisms such as token-buckets or priority queues. Our results show that the impact of traffic shaping needs to be taken into account when benchmarking or deploying distributed applications. To help researchers, practitioners, and application developers we uncover several practical implications and make recommendations on how certain applications are to be deployed so that performance is least impacted by the shaping protocols.
Hamilton-Jacobi treatment of fields with constraints
Creators: name: Baleanu, Dumitru
name: Guler, Yurdahan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the $Guler's$ formalism for the systems with finite degrees of freedom is applied to the field theories with constraints. The integrability conditions are investigated and the path integral quantization is performed using the action given by Hamilton-Jacobi formulation. The Proca's model is investigated in details.
description: 7 pages LaTeX, corrected typos
Additional file 2: of Disease severity-based evaluation of utility weights for lung cancer-related health states in Korea
Creators: name: Kim, Eun-Jung
name: Minsu Ock
name: Kyu-Pyo Kim
name: Jung, Nuri
name: Hyeon-Jeong Lee
name: Seon-Ha Kim
name: Min-Woo Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Example: Pulmonary nodule utility study: Interview guide/questionnaire. (DOCX 15 kb)
An improved neural network model for joint POS tagging and dependency parsing
Creators: name: Nguyen, Dat Quoc
name: Verspoor, Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel neural network model for joint part-of-speech (POS) tagging and dependency parsing. Our model extends the well-known BIST graph-based dependency parser (Kiperwasser and Goldberg, 2016) by incorporating a BiLSTM-based tagging component to produce automatically predicted POS tags for the parser. On the benchmark English Penn treebank, our model obtains strong UAS and LAS scores at 94.51% and 92.87%, respectively, producing 1.5+% absolute improvements to the BIST graph-based parser, and also obtaining a state-of-the-art POS tagging accuracy at 97.97%. Furthermore, experimental results on parsing 61 "big" Universal Dependencies treebanks from raw texts show that our model outperforms the baseline UDPipe (Straka and Straková, 2017) with 0.8% higher average POS tagging score and 3.6% higher average LAS score. In addition, with our model, we also obtain state-of-the-art downstream task scores for biomedical event extraction and opinion analysis applications. Our code is available together with all pre-trained models at: https://github.com/datquocnguyen/jPTDP
description: 11 pages; In Proceedings of the CoNLL 2018 Shared Task: Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies, to appear
Crowdsourcing Scholarly Discourse Annotations
Creators: name: Oelen, Allard
name: Stocker, Markus
name: Auer, Sören
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Association for Computing Machinery
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Crowdsourcing Text Annotations
subject: Intelligent User Interface
subject: Knowledge Graph Construction
subject: Structured Scholarly Knowledge
subject: Web-based Annotation Interface
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: The number of scholarly publications grows steadily every year and it becomes harder to find, assess and compare scholarly knowledge effectively. Scholarly knowledge graphs have the potential to address these challenges. However, creating such graphs remains a complex task. We propose a method to crowdsource structured scholarly knowledge from paper authors with a web-based user interface supported by artificial intelligence. The interface enables authors to select key sentences for annotation. It integrates multiple machine learning algorithms to assist authors during the annotation, including class recommendation and key sentence highlighting. We envision that the interface is integrated in paper submission processes for which we define three main task requirements: The task has to be . We evaluated the interface with a user study in which participants were assigned the task to annotate one of their own articles. With the resulting data, we determined whether the participants were successfully able to perform the task. Furthermore, we evaluated the interface's usability and the participant's attitude towards the interface with a survey. The results suggest that sentence annotation is a feasible task for researchers and that they do not object to annotate their articles during the submission process.
Lettre de Esprit-Claude-François Calvet à Jean-François Séguier, 1768-11-13
Creators: name: Calvet, Esprit-Claude-François
name: Esprit-Claude-François Calvet
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Antiquités (général)
Bibliographie
Numismatique
Médecine

description: [transcription] Je vous remercie, Monsieur, de tout ce que vous me marquez sur les médailles que je vous ai mises sous les yeux. On me les a rendues ces jours passés avec votre lettre, j'en avais posté le même jugement, il est heureux pour moide m'être rencontré avec vous. Je ne puis rien vous marquer pour le présent sur différents livres de médecine que je pourrais vous citer, ma bibliothèque est toute en désordre. Quoique je sois logé commodément, il m'est arrivé en dernier lieu qu'une pluie effroyable mouilla quelques uns de mes livres.Cet accident fâcheux pour un homme de lettres m'a obligé de faire enlever mes livres de la pièce où ils étaient et de les entasser en attendant de les placer ailleurs. J'en aiun singulier intitulé Threnodiamedica, rien n'est si original que le ton d'Héraclite qui y règne. Je vous quitte, Monsieur, en vous assurant de l'attachement inviolable avec lequel je suis

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur

Calvet

Avignon ce 13 novembre 1768
description: [reférence bibliographique citée] Minderer Raymund, threnodia medica, 1619
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 140, fol. 105
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b10015185m
Neutron star magnetic field evolution, crust movement and glitches
Creators: name: Ruderman, Malvin
name: Zhu, Tianhua
name: Chen, Kaiyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spinning superfluid neutrons in the core of a neutron star interact strongly with co-existing superconducting protons. One consequence is that the outward(inward) motion of core superfluid neutron vortices during spin-down(up) of a neutron star may alter the core's magnetic field. Such core field changes are expected to result in movements of the stellar crust and changes in the star's surface magnetic field which reflect those in the core below. Observed magnitudes and evolution of the spin-down indices of canonical pulsars are understood as a consequence of such surface field changes. If the growing crustal strains caused by the changing core magnetic field configuration in canonical spinning-down pulsars are relaxed by large scale crust-cracking events, special properties are predicted for the resulting changes in spin-period. These agree with various glitch observations, including glitch activity, permanent shifts in spin-down rates after glitches in young pulsars, the intervals between glitches, families of glitches with different magnitudes in the same pulsar, the sharp drop in glitch intervals and magnitudes as pulsar spin-periods approach 0.7s, and the general absence of glitching beyond this period.
description: LaTex, 28 pages, 8 figs, accepted for publication in ApJ
IR-Divergence and Anomalous Temperature Dependence of the Condensate in the Quenched Schwinger Model
Creators: name: Dürr, Stephan
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schwinger model is used to study the artifacts of quenching in a controlled way. The model is solved on a finite-temperature cylinder of circumference $β=1/T$ with bag-inspired local boundary conditions at the two ends $x^1=0$ and $x^1=L$ which break the $γ_5$-invariance and thus play the role of a small quark mass. The quenched chiral condensate is found to diverge exponentially as $L\to\infty$, and to diverge (rather than melt as for $N_{\rm f}\geq1$) if the high-temperature limit $β\to0$ is taken at finite box-length $L$. We comment on the generalization of our results to the massive quenched theory, arguing that the condensate is finite as $L\to\infty$ and proportional to $1/m$ up to logarithms.
description: Revtex, 15pp, 1 figure; two references corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Extraction of the Ratio of the Neutron to Proton Structure Functions from Deep Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: Liuti, Simonetta
name: Gross, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nuclear ($A$) dependence of the European Muon Collaboration (EMC) effect at high values of $x$ ($x \geq 0.6$). Our approach makes use of conventional nuclear degrees of freedom within the Relativistic Impulse Approximation. By performing a non-relativistic series expansion we demonstrate that relativistic corrections make a substantial contribution to the effect at $x \gtrsim 0.6$ and show that the ratio of neutron to proton structure functions extracted from a global fit to all nuclei is not inconsistent with values obtained from the deuteron.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures available upon request, Revtex
Investigation on temperature control in the SPS process with titanium aluminides
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Heymann, Adrian
Publisher: name: [Ostrava-Zabreh] : Tanger Ltd.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Powder metallurgical process
subject: Spark Plasma Sintering
subject: TiAl powder
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) or Field-Assisted Sintering Technique (FAST) is a powder metallurgical (PM) heat-assisted process, where loose metal powder is pressed to a compact. Powders, which are difficult to consolidate, can be processed much more efficiently than within the conventional PM process route, i.e. die pressing followed by sintering. However, temperature measurement in the SPS process is challenging since it can only be done on the die surface or within the die wall without influencing the process. In case of γ-based Titanium aluminide (TiAl) powders, a suitable sintering temperature allows for a modification of the three grain morphologies lamellar, equiaxed and duplex, and thus for the mechanical properties to be selectively adjusted. In this study, temperature control during the SPS process is investigated using the commercially available pre-alloyed TiAl48-2Cr-2Nb (GE48) powder. For this purpose, temperature measurement with thermocouples and a pyrometer is considered. Furthermore, the influences of graphite and boron nitride lubricants or rather release agents and insulators on the temperature profile are investigated. The evaluation is carried out based on microstructure analysis and hardness measurements. The results show that a suitable temperature control of the process is possible. In addition, it seems that the choice of release agent has a significant influence on the temperature and thus on microstructure and mechanical properties.
MATHICSE Technical Report : Isogeometric approximation of cardiac electrophysiology models on surfaces: an accuracy study with application to the human left atrium
Creators: name: Patelli, Alessandro Samuele
name: Dede', Luca
name: Lassila, Toni Mikael
name: Bartezzaghi, Andrea
name: Quarteroni, Alfio
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: We consider Isogeometric Analysis in the framework of the Galerkin method for the spatial approximation of cardiac electrophysiology models defined on NURBS surfaces; specifically, we perform a numerical comparison between basis functions of degree p≥1and globally Ck-continuous, with k = 0 or p − 1, to find the most accurate approximation of a propagating front with the minimal number of degrees of freedom. We show that B-spline basis functions of degree p≥1, which are Cp−1-continuous capture accurately the front velocity of the transmembrane potential even with moderately refined meshes; similarly, we show that, for accurate tracking of curved fronts, high-order continuous B-spline basis functions should be used. Finally, we apply Isogeometric Analysis to an idealized human left atrial geometry described by NURBS with physiologically sound fiber directions and anisotropic conductivity tensor to demonstrate that the numerical scheme retains its favorable approximation properties also in a more realistic setting.
Additional file 2 of Establishing extended pluripotent stem cells from human urine cells
Creators: name: Hao, Chunfang
name: Chu, Shilong
name: Quan, Xiongzhi
name: Zhou, Tiancheng
name: Shi, Junjie
name: Huang, Xiaofen
name: Wu, Guangming
name: Tortorella, Micky Daniel
name: Pei, Duanqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. The major cell death pathways of pluripotent stem cell and orbitrap protein analysis. A Pluripotent stem cells after passage for 24 h. B Amplified cell death picture. C Heatmap of orbitrap analysis: from Left to Right: H9, supernatant death cells of H9S, hUC-iPSC-2, supernatant death cells of U2S. D The major cell death ways of pluripotent stem cells. E Venn diagram of up-regulation and down-regulation of protein expression in H9S U2S contrast with H9 and U2.
MATHICSE Technical Report: A hierarchical approach to the a posteriori error estimation of isogeometric Kirchhoff plates and Kirchhoff-Love shells
Creators: name: Antolin Sanchez, Pablo
name: Buffa, Annalisa
name: Coradello, Luca
Publisher: name: Écublens, MATHICSE
Year: 2019

description: This work focuses on the development of a posteriori error estimates for fourth-order, elliptic, partial differential equations. In particular, we propose a novel algorithm to steer an adaptive simulation in the context of Kirchhoff plates and Kirchhoff-Love shells by exploiting the local refinement capabilities of hierarchical B-splines. The method is based on the solution of an auxiliary residual-like variational problem, formulated by means of a space of localized spline functions. This space is characterized by C1 continuous B-splines with compact support on each active element of the hierarchical mesh. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed estimator to Kirchhoff plates and Kirchhoff-Love shells by studying several benchmark problems which exhibit both smooth and singular solutions. In all cases, we obtain optimal asymptotic rates of convergence for the error measured in the energy norm and an excellent approximation of the true error.