Phaloria brevis Tan & Rahmadi & Robillard 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Tan, Ming Kai
name: Rahmadi, Cahyo
name: Robillard, Tony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Haglotettigoniidae
Phaloria
Phaloria brevis

description: Phaloria brevis Tan & Robillard, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1D, 1E, 2D, 3D, 4D, 4E, 5G, 5H)
Material examined. Holotype (male, LEN2014 -TR343), New Guinea, Indonesia, West Papua, Lobo, S3.7033056, E134.071444 (LOBO6), 221 m. a.s.l., forêt proche PK8/ route Lobo-Kaimana, crête prox. camp, forêt primaire [forest near PK8 / Lobo-Kaimana road, ridge prox. camp, primary forest], 21–30.x.2014, nuit [night], T. Robillard (MZB.Orth.21841)
Paratypes. 2 females (LEN2014 -TR344, TR345), same locality and details as holotype, molecular sample P4 (MNHN-EO-ENSIF1744, MZB).
Type locality. New Guinea, Indonesia, West Papua, Kaimana Regency, Kumawa
Etymology. The species name refers to the diagnostically shorter apical processes of the ectophallic fold; brevis = short in Latin.
Diagnosis. This new species is unique among congeners by genitalia: pseudepiphallic lobes stout and strongly sclerotized with obtuse apex; pseudepiphallic parameres basal end with small inner tooth and distal third with two stout lobules pointing posteriorly; and shape of endophallic sclerite.
This new species is most similar to P. pararava Gorochov, 1999 from Kokoda (Papua New Guinea) and P. rava Gorochov, 1996 from Malu? (New Guinea) in habitus, colour patterns and male genitalia. This species is more similar to P. pararava in the ectophallic apodemes than in P. rava. It differs from both species most distinctly in the male genitalia by ectophallic fold with apical processes shorter and barely surpassing pseudepiphallic lobes (rather than surpassing well beyond pseudepiphallic lobes). The new species also differs from the two species by the shape of pseudepiphallic parameres. This species is also similar to P. neorava Gorochov, 2014 from Faowi in West Papua by shape of pseudepiphallic lobes, but differs by ectophallic fold with apical processes and shape of pseudepiphallic parameres.
Subgeneric status. This species should belong to the subgenus Papuloria based on the pseudepiphallus with a pair of lateral lophi and endophallic sclerite without large unpaired apodeme directed anteriorly.
Description. Slender and relatively large among congeners (Fig. 1D). Head dorsum and fastigium brown (Fig. 2D). Scapes yellow brown. Antennae yellow brown. Fastigium verticis brown, frons, clypeus and mouthparts pale yellow brown (Fig. 3D). Maxillary palpi pale coloured, apices of segments faintly brownish. Lateral part of head, including genae, pale yellow brown; with a broad brown (darker than head dorsum) horizontal band at posterior of eye. Pronotal disk generally unicolourous brown, slightly darker posteriorly; posterior margin straight (Fig. 2D). Lateral lobes with dorsal half brown, ventral half pale yellow brown. Legs pale yellow brown with sparse brown spots and bands. Inner tympanum large and oblong, with distal end tapering into acute apex; outer tympanum oval and smaller. FIs and FIIs with few small brown spots and one incomplete ring near knees (more distinct in FIIs), basally with some brown spots on the dorsal and inner surface. TIs with an indistinct brown ring around tympanum. FIIIs yellow brown with some brown spots, with a brown ring near knee; knees brown. TIIIs yellow brown with faint brown rings. Tergites brown.
Male. FWs slender, about 2.6 times longer than wide, surpassing abdominal apex, mostly yellow brown and some parts hyalinous (Fig. 4D). FW venation typical of genus, 8 fairly straight veins in harp; mirror as long as wide, very large and separated by two dividing veins: basal one mostly straight, distal one obliquely curved (appearing slightly sinuous). Apical field long, 1.2 times longer than length of mirror. Lateral field with R and M diverging before converging at apical third, with 5 cross veins between R and M; with 25 projections of Sc. Hind wings reaching apex of FW, not exceeding FWs.
Male genitalia (Figs. 5G, 5H). Pseudepiphallus with lateral margins slightly diverging; with posterior margin broadly incised in the middle. Pseudepiphallic lobe stout and strongly sclerotized at the apex, external margin faintly curving inwards, inner margin slightly sinuous; apex obtuse. Rami relatively long, longer than half the pseudepiphallus length, curved inwards apically, but not connected. Pseudepiphallic parameres strongly sclerotized, somewhat obliquely transverse and curved; basal end narrow and truncated, with inner tooth (less sclerotized and fairly slender); slightly widened after basal third, distal third with two stout lobules pointing posteriorly. Ectophallic apodemes fork-shaped, with basal end broad and short; inner and outer apical arm pointing posteriorly, but outer longer than inner arm. Ectophallic fold separated into two elongated plate-like structures with apex producing into an elongated lobe with obtuse apex. Endophallic sclerite small with two lateral plate-like structures connected together.
Female. Similar to males in colour patterns (Fig. 1E). FW venation typical of genus, with 11 oblique veins on dorsal field (Fig. 4E). Lateral field with 13 cross veins between R and M; with 15 projections of Sc. Ovipositor barely surpassing hind wings; apex obtuse, with 4–5 ventral teeth.
Measurements (in mm). Male holotype PronL = 3.1, PronW = 4.4, FWL = 14.7, FWW = 5.7, FIIIL = 12.7, FIIIW = 3.4, TIIIL = 12.6; female paratypes PronL = 3.4–3.5, PronW = 4.2–4.4, FWL = 17.5–17.8, FWW = 4.7, FIIIL = 12.9–13.1, FIIIW = 3.5–3.6, TIIIL = 12.3–12.4, OL = 10.0–10.2.
description: Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Rahmadi, Cahyo & Robillard, Tony, 2021, New species of Phaloria (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae: Phaloriinae) from West Papua (Indonesia), pp. 513-530 in Zootaxa 4985 (4) on pages 518-519, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4964249