cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Prospective phase II trial of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-AE105 uPAR-PET/MRI in patients with primary gliomas: Prognostic value and Implications for uPAR-targeted Radionuclide Therapy
Creators: name: Azam, Aleena
name: Kurbegovic, Sorel
name: Carlsen, Esben Andreas
name: Andersen, Thomas Lund
name: Larsen, Vibeke André
name: Law, Ian
name: Skjøth-Rasmussen, Jane
name: Kjaer, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Bacterial community dynamics as a result of growth-yield trade-off and multispecies metabolic interactions toward understanding the gut biofilm niche
Creators: name: Valiei, Amin
name: Dickson, Andrew M.
name: Aminian-Dehkordi, Javad
name: Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Nocturne
title: the unsettling beauty of the night
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Morrison, Fiona
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2010

description: Nocturne: The Unsettling Beauty of the Night is an exegesis to accompany the exhibition Limen, a photographic-based research project undertaken in the suburbs of Darwin at night. This research has been made at a time of civic transition for Darwin, of high population growth and an ever-expanding building industry. My images for this project capture mundane suburban areas that most often go unnoticed. Overlooked and uninteresting by day, by night these spaces are transformed into nocturnal theatrical stages where viewers can write their own narrative. Like many artists who have used nocturnes as a theme in their work, I am interested in the shift in reality that accompanies nightfall - a time when human senses are heightened to create an other world. In the course of my research, I found that nocturnes mostly bring into play dramatic lighting and open narratives. My theatrical nocturnes are saturated with the artificial light of street lighting that in turn, distorts the space into a hyper-real scene. Drama is created in my images by the lack of physical human presence. This absence invokes a memory and/or a trace of people who are invisible and forgotten. Fantasy is further heightened by the absence of architectural thresholds. This research project is an aesthetic response to local architecture and the hidden social dramas of the suburbs, at night.
Room-temperature ferromagnetism and oxygen pressure-dependent optical, ferromagnetic properties in SrSn0.5Co0.5O3 thin films
Creators: name: Hu, Xuemei
name: Gao, Xiangdong
name: Gao, Dongsheng
name: Li, Xiaomin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Room-temperature ferromagnetism was obtained in SrSn0.5Co0.5O3 (SSCO) epitaxial film on SrTiO3 substrate by pulsed laser deposition, and the effects of oxygen pressure (PO2) on the microstructure, optical and magnetic properties were examined. An interesting hybrid epitaxial film embedded with polycrystalline SSCO and SrCoOx nanoparticles was observed. The increase of PO2 relaxed the film/substrate compressive strain, promoted the growth of crystallites and reduced the optical band gap (from 2.43 to 1.68 eV). The SSCO film deposited at 0.1 Pa exhibited good ferromagnetism at 100–300 K, while the ferromagnetism in the film with higher and lower oxygen pressure (1 Pa and 10−4 Pa) was weak. Room-temperature ferromagnetism and tunable optical band gap (2.34–1.68 eV) were demonstrated in Co-doped SrSnO3 thin film grown on SrTiO3 single-crystal substrate by pulsed laser deposition with varying oxygen pressure.
title: Understanding and comparing relative pesticide risk among North American wild bees from their association with agriculture
Creators: name: Willis, D.
name: Rondeau, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 481Hazards of pesticides to bees, 16th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group, - Proceedings -; 15th - 17th October, 2024; Sevilla (Spain), p. 60
Additional file 1: of Antihypertensive drugs use and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 21 observational studies
Creators: name: Cao, Liang
name: Zhang, Sha
name: Jia, Cheng-ming
name: He, Wei
name: Wu, Lei-tao
name: Li, Ying-qi
name: Wang, Wen
name: Li, Zhe
name: Ma, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Search strategy for relevant studies. (DOCX 12Â kb)
Additional file 1: of Quality assurance target for community-based breast cancer screening in China: a model simulation
Creators: name: Yang, Lan
name: Wang, Jing
name: Cheng, Juan
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Lu, Wenli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure S1. Shows the age-specific incidence rate of breast cancer in USA, rural and urban area of China, while Table S1. includes the information of cost-utility analysis of different screening strategy among 40â 69Â years old women. (DOCX 28Â kb)
Petascale astrophysics, software infrastructure development, and community engagement
Creators: name: Bordner, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics
subject: Cosmology
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80306 Open Software
subject: Computer Software

description: Cello is a highly scalable, fully-distributed array-of-octree parallel adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) framework, and Enzo-P is an Eulerian hydrodynamics and MHD astrophysics application that is built using Cello. Enzo-P is a branch of the Enzo parallel astrophysics and cosmology application. Enzo-P / Cello is currently funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) grant SI2-SSE-1440709, with previous funding through NSF grants PHY-1104819 and AST-0808184.
Two fundamental differences between Enzo-P and Enzo are their AMR design and parallelization. Cello implements array of octree AMR, which has demonstrated scalability to date through 256K floating-point cores of the NSF Blue Waters supercomputer at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications. Unlike Enzo, which is parallelized using MPI, Enzo-P/Cello is parallelized using Charm++, an externally-developed OOP parallel programming system targeting the implementation of Exascale applications.

Poster for the 2017 NSF SI2 PI Meeting
Enzo-P currently has two hyperbolic solvers: PPM, an enhanced piecewise parabolic method solver that was migrated to Enzo-P from the Enzo code base, and PPML, an ideal compressible MHD solver originally implemented in serial Fortran. More recently, physics and infrastructure capabilities have been developed for particle methods, including an implementation of Enzo's CIC particle-mesh gravity solver. Currently we are collaborating with Prof. Daniel Reynolds on developing and implementing a highly scalable multigrid-based linear solver.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Comprehensive evaluation of NT5E/CD73 expression and its prognostic significance in distinct types of cancers
Creators: name: Jiang, Tao
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
name: Qiao, Meng
name: Li, Xuefei
name: Zhao, Chao
name: Zhou, Fei
name: Gao, Guanghui
name: Wu, Fengying
name: Chen, Xiaoxia
name: Su, Chunxia
name: Ren, Shengxiang
name: Zhai, Changyun
name: Zhou, Caicun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The expression level of CD73/NT5E in bladder cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S2. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in brain cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S3. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in breast cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S4. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in cervical cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S5. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in colorectal cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S6. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in esophageal cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S7. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in gastric cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S8. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in kidney cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S9. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in leukemia versus matched bone marrow. Figure S10. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in liver cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S11. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in lung cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S12. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in lymphoma versus matched CD4+ T lymphocyte. Figure S13. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in melanoma versus matched normal tissue. Figure S14. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in myeloma versus matched plasma cell. Figure S15. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma versus matched normal tissue. Figure S16. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in ovarian cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S17. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in pancreatic cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S18. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in prostate cancer versus matched normal tissue. Figure S19. The expression level of CD73/NT5E in sarcoma versus matched normal tissue. Figure S20. Publication bias for the prevalence of CD73/NT5E in various cancers. (DOCX 721 kb)
Additional file 1: of A predictive model of thyroid malignancy using clinical, biochemical and sonographic parameters for patients in a multi-center setting
Creators: name: Liu, Jia
name: Zheng, Dongmei
name: Li, Qiang
name: Tang, Xulei
name: Luo, Zuojie
name: Yuan, Zhongshang
name: Gao, Ling
name: Zhao, Jiajun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Clinical, biochemical and sonographic parameters of thyroid nodules â ¤1Â cm. (DOCX 17Â kb)
Additional file 1: of Synthesis and Study of Optical Characteristics of Ti0.91O2/CdS Hybrid Sphere Structures
Creators: name: Kong, Lingbin
name: Xu, Qinfeng
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Wang, Dehua
name: Liu, Mingliang
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Jiao, Mengmeng
name: Wang, Honggang
name: Yang, Chuanlu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Optical measurement of alternating ultrathin Ti0.91O2 nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles hybrid spherical structures by the layer-by-layer assembly technique. (DOC 593Â kb)
Additional file 2: of A predictive model of thyroid malignancy using clinical, biochemical and sonographic parameters for patients in a multi-center setting
Creators: name: Liu, Jia
name: Zheng, Dongmei
name: Li, Qiang
name: Tang, Xulei
name: Luo, Zuojie
name: Yuan, Zhongshang
name: Gao, Ling
name: Zhao, Jiajun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology
Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Distribution of thyroid malignancy in patients with and without lymphocytic thyroiditis. (DOCX 15Â kb)
title: The places of the crisis as a gnoseological field of new interpretative processes
Creators: name: Riondino, Antonio Vito
Publisher: name: Conference Proceedings XXIX International Seminar on Urban Form ISUF 2022 Urban Redevelopment and Revitalisation A Multidisciplinary Perspective/Lodz University of Technology Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: Urban morphology, City/territory, Natural landscape/industrial landscape.

description: The research filed is the plastic-masonry territory of Mediterranean, focused on the city of Taranto: a city of ancient Magna Graecia, characterized by an extraordinary historical-archaeological-landscape palimpsest, for decades subject to regressive transformations, due to vast industrial plants and scattered settlements, detached from the organic relationship with the historic city, with its sea, with the countryside.
The aim is to experiment methods to resolve the pathologies of the contemporary city with regard to the palimpsest inherited from urban history, focusing above all on public spaces.
The method is based on the historical-processual reading, aimed at understanding the formative phases of the city and at identifying and classifying the phenomena composing and characterizing the aggregative space. Starting from this reading, the essay proposes a reflection on regressive phenomena, through a project experimenting a critical relationship between original codes, organic evolutions, critical transformations and their possible re-meanings. The project site is to the north of ‘Mar Piccolo’, a sea basin facing the historic city. An area with landscape values, subject to regressive phenomena due the presence of the largest steel plant in Europe and bounded by the shipyards and the ‘Tamburi’ district, detached from the direct relationship and organic with the historical city.
These issues allow to reflect critically not only on the specific theme, but also on the meaning and methods of the contemporary project. Rethinking these places in fact means making a critical and multidisciplinary comparison between consolidated urban codes and the current needs. A comparison that becomes the gnoseological field through which to plan the renewal actions according to a critical continuity capable, at the same time, of revealing new meanings of urban grammar.
Towards Enhanced Computational Efficiency with HPC Tools in LAGO
Creators: name: Alexander, Martínez-Méndez
name: Antonio, J. Rubio-Montero
name: Hernán, Asorey
name: Rafael, Mayo-García
name: Carlos, J. Barrios H.
name: Luis, A Núñez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) project is a collaborative effort to advance research in astroparticle physics by detecting high-energy astrophysical events such as gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and cosmic rays. Given the significant computational demands of simulating these phenomena, LAGO relies on high-performance computing (HPC) systems to ensure efficient and timely analysis. This poster will present the methodologies used to analyze execution time and resource usage from simulation logs on HPC platforms, identifying bottlenecks and opportunities for optimization. By evaluating key performance metrics such as throughput, scalability, and resource utilization, we aim to provide insights that improve simulation efficiency and enhance scientific research capabilities. Additionally, the poster will discuss challenges, limitations, and future directions for optimizing LAGO simulations on HPC systems, highlighting the importance of data-driven analysis and performance enhancement strategies in accelerating scientific discovery.
A critical analysis of a Q tomography workflow
Creators: name: Ford, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration

description: My Masters thesis "A critical analysis of a 'Q' tomography workflow".
Abstract:Anelastic attenuation causes energy from a seismic wave to be lost as heat, reducing the amplitude and changing the phase of the wavelet. It is desirable to compensate for this in imaging to improve resolution and broaden the seismic bandwidth. The seismic quality factor, Q, is a measure of frequency dependent attenuation. To compensate for attenuation effects an accurate Q field must be estimated. Q tomographyis a method for estimating attenuation from surface seismic data using full raypath information and migrated gathers. The Q tomography workflow presented in this study accounts for frequency dependent attenuation by splitting the input data into five frequency bands at 8 Hz, 24 Hz, 40 Hz, 56 Hz and 72 Hz. The relative change in amplitude between frequency bands is used as the input to the tomographic inversion. A new method for post-stack Q estimation is presented, with the aim of building structurally consistent starting models for tomography. Two synthetic models – one simple and one geologically realistic – are constructed in order to assess the accuracy, computational cost and limitations of a Q tomography workflow for starting models of differing complexity. The workflow is applied to a 2-D broadband seismic line from the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The results are consistent with an interpreted attenuatinganomaly within the shallow Neogene sediments. Q compensation restored the attenuated high frequencies resulting in higher resolution and an increase in the seismic bandwith of around 7%. It is found that accurate Q tomography requires long offset data for good vertical resolution, an accurate velocity model and a reasonably accurate, structurally consistent starting model. It is concluded that this Q tomography workflow is not suitable as an input to routine Q compensation as it does a poor job at estimating long wavelength variations in Q. However for imaging beneath localised attenuating anomalies estimating Q by tomography could provide an accurate, computationally efficient way to correct for attenuation.
Supervised by Dr. Roger Clark (University of Leeds) and Anthony Hardwick (TGS). Data examples courtesy TGS. Copyright remains with University of Leeds. Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MSc Exploration Geophysics, 2014.
Hong Kong Winter Household and Occupant Mycobiome Project
Creators: name: Xinzhao TONG
name: Leung, Marcus
name: Wilkins, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We conducted a mycobiome study involving indoor air, residential surfaces and occupant skin of HK households.
Adicción a opiáceos en adultos con dolor crónico y diferencias de sexo: una revisión sistemática
Creators: name: Lobato Parra, Eva
name: López-Núñez, Carla
name: Cano-García, Francisco Javier
Publisher: name: Psicosomàtica y Psiquiatría
Year: 2024

description: Psicosomàtica y Psiquiatría, Núm. 28 (2024): enero-febrero-marzo
Developing science-based policy advice: Report - PhD Summer School 2019
Creators: name: González-Mellado, Aída
name: Jorch, Veronika
name: González-Mellado, Aída
name: Jorch, Veronika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The Thünen Institute organized and hosted a PhD-Summer school on science based policy advice took place in Braunschweig and Trenthorst from the 12th to 16th August 2019. During the summer school professionals in the field of giving policy advice based on scientific facts with different scientific backgrounds gave lectures and an excursion to the Thünen Institute of Organic Agriculture was done. Participants were 16 stipends PhD stipends of the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) from Africa and Iran. This working paper summarizes all lectures and results, as well as reflections from lessons learned from the practical exercise.
description: DOI:10.3220/WP1582202244000
Low-Latency Hardware Masking with Application to AES
Creators: name: Sasdrich, Pascal
name: Bilgin, Begül
name: Hutter, Michael
name: Marson, Mark E.
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: During the past two decades there has been a great deal of research published on masked hardware implementations of AES and other cryptographic primitives. Unfortunately, many hardware masking techniques can lead to increased latency compared to unprotected circuits for algorithms such as AES, due to the high-degree of nonlinear functions in their designs. In this paper, we present a hardware masking technique which does not increase the latency for such algorithms. It is based on the LUT-based Masked Dual-Rail with Pre-charge Logic (LMDPL) technique presented at CHES 2014. First, we show 1-glitch extended strong noninterference of a nonlinear LMDPL gadget under the 1-glitch extended probing model. We then use this knowledge to design an AES implementation which computes a full AES-128 operation in 10 cycles and a full AES-256 operation in 14 cycles. We perform practical side-channel analysis of our implementation using the Test Vector Leakage Assessment (TVLA) methodology and analyze univariate as well as bivariate t-statistics to demonstrate its DPA resistance level.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
A critical analysis of a Q tomography methodology (oral presentation slides)
Creators: name: Ford, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40407 Seismology and Seismic Exploration

description: Slides for the oral presentation of my Masters thesis "A critical analysis of a 'Q' tomography workflow".
Abstract:Anelastic attenuation causes energy from a seismic wave to be lost as heat, reducing the amplitude and changing the phase of the wavelet. It is desirable to compensate for this in imaging to improve resolution and broaden the seismic bandwidth. The seismic quality factor, Q, is a measure of frequency dependent attenuation. To compensate for attenuation effects an accurate Q field must be estimated. Q tomographyis a method for estimating attenuation from surface seismic data using full raypath information and migrated gathers. The Q tomography workflow presented in this study accounts for frequency dependent attenuation by splitting the input data into five frequency bands at 8 Hz, 24 Hz, 40 Hz, 56 Hz and 72 Hz. The relative change in amplitude between frequency bands is used as the input to the tomographic inversion. A new method for post-stack Q estimation is presented, with the aim of building structurally consistent starting models for tomography. Two synthetic models – one simple and one geologically realistic – are constructed in order to assess the accuracy, computational cost and limitations of a Q tomography workflow for starting models of differing complexity. The workflow is applied to a 2-D broadband seismic line from the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The results are consistent with an interpreted attenuatinganomaly within the shallow Neogene sediments. Q compensation restored the attenuated high frequencies resulting in higher resolution and an increase in the seismic bandwith of around 7%. It is found that accurate Q tomography requires long offset data for good vertical resolution, an accurate velocity model and a reasonably accurate, structurally consistent starting model. It is concluded that this Q tomography workflow is not suitable as an input to routine Q compensation as it does a poor job at estimating long wavelength variations in Q. However for imaging beneath localised attenuating anomalies estimating Q by tomography could provide an accurate, computationally efficient way to correct for attenuation.
Supervised by Dr. Roger Clark (University of Leeds) and Anthony Hardwick (TGS). Data examples courtesy of TGS. Presented at School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds in September 2014.
Croft Pentz uses the printed page to preach the Gospel: Through his writings, Pentz speaks to millions
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Literature
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Religious Studies
subject: Disability Studies

description: This article is a profile of Croft M. Pentz (1931--2008), who served for many years as a pastor with the Assemblies of God. He was a noted author and a prolific writer of Gospel tracts.
This article, which is testimonial in nature, presents a narrative of Pentz's life as a minister of the Gospel. It recounts his calling and describes his ministry to the deaf, including his work with Billy Graham. It also presents an overview of his ministry as a writer and his strong belief in the power of the printed page.
Additional file 1: of Integrating genome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiles identified different molecular features between Kashin-Beck disease and primary osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Wen, Yan
name: Li, Ping
name: Hao, Jingcan
name: Duan, Chen
name: Han, Jing
name: He, Awen
name: Du, Yanan
name: Liu, Li
name: Liang, Xiao
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Guo, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Table S1. The common significant genes detected by both DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiling studies. (DOCX 26 kb)
On the Security Goals of White-Box Cryptography
Creators: name: Alpirez Bock, Estuardo
name: Amadori, Alessandro
name: Brzuska, Chris
name: Michiels, Wil
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: We discuss existing and new security notions for white-box cryptography and comment on their suitability for Digital Rights Management and Mobile Payment Applications, the two prevalent use-cases of white-box cryptography. In particular, we put forward indistinguishability for white-box cryptography with hardware-binding (IND-WHW) as a new security notion that we deem central. We also discuss the security property of application-binding and explain the issues faced when defining it as a formal security notion. Based on our proposed notion for hardware-binding, we describe a possible white-box competition setup which assesses white-box implementations w.r.t. hardware-binding. Our proposed competition setup allows us to capture hardware-binding in a practically meaningful way. While some symmetric encryption schemes have been proven to admit plain white-box implementations, we show that not all secure symmetric encryption schemes are white-boxeable in the plain white-box attack scenario, i.e., without hardware-binding. Thus, even strong assumptions such as indistinguishability obfuscation cannot be used to provide secure white-box implementations for arbitrary ciphers. Perhaps surprisingly, our impossibility result does not carry over to the hardware-bound scenario. In particular, Alpirez Bock, Brzuska, Fischlin, Janson and Michiels (ePrint 2019/1014) proved a rather general feasibility result in the hardware-bound model. Equally important, the apparent theoretical distinction between the plain white-box model and the hardware-bound white-box model also translates into practically reduced attack capabilities as we explain in this paper.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
3D-принтер в академічній бібліотеці: з досвіду роботи Наукової бібліотеки Національного університету "Києво-Могилянська академія"
Creators: name: Nazarovets, Serhii
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: The article describes the experience of the use of 3D-printers in the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy Library, its implementation in the educational process of the university. The establishment of such new library services using 3D-printing technology can be easily repeated in other academic libraries.
A Compact and Scalable Hardware/Software Co-design of SIKE
Creators: name: Massolino, Pedro Maat C.
name: Longa, Patrick
name: Renes, Joost
name: Batina, Lejla
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: We present efficient and compact hardware/software co-design implementations of the Supersingular Isogeny Key Encapsulation (SIKE) protocol on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). In order to be better equipped for different post-quantum scenarios, our architectures were designed to feature high-flexibility by covering all the currently available parameter sets and with support for primes up to 1016 bits. In particular, any of the current SIKE parameters equivalent to the post-quantum security of AES-128/192/256 and SHA3-256 can be selected and run on-the-fly. This security scalability property, together with the small footprint and efficiency of our architectures, makes them ideal for embedded applications in a post-quantum world. In addition, the proposed implementations exhibit regular, constant-time execution, which provides protection against timing and simple sidechannel attacks. Our results demonstrate that supersingular isogeny-based primitives such as SIDH and SIKE can indeed be deployed for embedded applications featuring competitive performance. For example, our smallest architecture based on a 128-bit MAC unit takes only 3415 slices, 21 BRAMs and 57 DSPs on a Virtex 7 690T and can perform key generation, encapsulation and decapsulation in 14.4, 24.4 and 26.0 milliseconds for SIKEp434 and in 52.3, 86.4 and 93.2 milliseconds for SIKEp751, respectively.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
Additional file 1: of Prediction of sensitivity to gefitinib/erlotinib for EGFR mutations in NSCLC based on structural interaction fingerprints and multilinear principal component analysis
Creators: name: Zou, Bin
name: Lee, Victor
name: Yan, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. (A) The temperature, (B) density, (C) energy and (D) backbone RMSD of the delE746_A750-gefitinib complex as functions of time. The system finally reaches a stable state after a series of equilibration operations. Figure S2. Class discrimination power of projected tensor features. (A) Class discrimination power of all projected tensor features of EGFR mutant-gefitinib complexes. (B) Class discrimination power of the first 30 most discriminative projected tensor features of EGFR mutant-gefitinib complexes. (C) Class discrimination power of all projected tensor features of EGFR mutant-erlotinib complexes. (D) Class discrimination power of the first 30 most discriminative projected tensor features of EGFR mutant-erlotinib complexes. (DOCX 115Â kb)
MOESM1 of Physiological and molecular effects of interleukin-18 administration on the mouse kidney
Creators: name: Yamanishi, Kyosuke
name: Mukai, Keiichiro
name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Ikubo, Kaoru
name: Nakasho, Keiji
name: El-Darawish, Yosif
name: Li, Wen
name: Okuzaki, Daisuke
name: Watanabe, Yuko
name: Hayakawa, Tetsu
name: Nojima, Hiroshi
name: Yamanishi, Hiromichi
name: Okamura, Haruki
name: Matsunaga, Hisato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Primer sequences used for RT-qPCR. Primer sequences for each gene are shown.
FEDS: Comprehensive Fault Attack Exploitability Detection for Software Implementations of Block Ciphers
Creators: name: K, Keerthi
name: Roy, Indrani
name: Rebeiro, Chester
name: Hazra, Aritra
name: Bhunia, Swarup
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Fault injection attacks are one of the most powerful forms of cryptanalytic attacks on ciphers. A single, precisely injected fault during the execution of a cipher like the AES, can completely reveal the key within a few milliseconds. Software implementations of ciphers, therefore, need to be thoroughly evaluated for such attacks. In recent years, automated tools have been developed to perform these evaluations. These tools either work on the cipher algorithm or on their implementations. Tools that work at the algorithm level can provide a comprehensive assessment of fault attack vulnerability for different fault attacks and with different fault models. Their application is, however, restricted because every realization of the cipher has unique vulnerabilities. On the other hand, tools that work on cipher implementations have a much wider application but are often restricted by the range of fault attacks and the number of fault models they can evaluate. In this paper, we propose a framework, called FEDS, that uses a combination of compiler techniques and model checking to merge the advantages of both, algorithmic level tools as well as implementation level tools. Like the algorithmic level tools, FEDS can provide a comprehensive assessment of fault attack exploitability considering a wide range of fault attacks and fault models. Like implementation level tools, FEDS works with implementations, therefore has wide application. We demonstrate the versatility of FEDS by evaluating seven different implementations of AES (including bitsliced implementation) and implementations of CLEFIA and CAMELLIA for Differential Fault Attacks. The framework automatically identifies exploitable instructions in all implementations. Further, we present an application of FEDS in a Fault Attack Aware Compiler, that can automatically identify and protect exploitable regions of the code. We demonstrate that the compiler can generate significantly more efficient code than a naïvely protected equivalent, while maintaining the same level of protection.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
When one vulnerable primitive turns viral: Novel single-trace attacks on ECDSA and RSA
Creators: name: Cabrera Aldaya, Alejandro
name: Brumley, Billy Bob
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Microarchitecture based side-channel attacks are common threats nowadays. Intel SGX technology provides a strong isolation from an adversarial OS, however, does not guarantee protection against side-channel attacks. In this paper, we analyze the security of the mbedTLS binary GCD algorithm, an implementation that offers interesting challenges when compared for example with OpenSSL, due to the usage of very tight loops in the former. Using practical experiments we demonstrate the mbedTLS binary GCD implementation is vulnerable to side-channel analysis using the SGX-Step framework against mbedTLS based SGX enclaves. We analyze the security of some use cases of this algorithm in this library, resulting in the discovery of a new vulnerability in the ECDSA code path that allows a single-trace attack against this implementation. This vulnerability is three-fold interesting: • It resides in the implementation of a countermeasure which makes it more dangerous due to the false state of security the countermeasure currently offers. • It reduces mbedTLS ECDSA security to an integer factorization problem. • An unexpected GCD call inside the ECDSA code path compromises the countermeasure. We also cover an orthogonal use case, this time inside the mbedTLS RSA code path during the computation of a CRT parameter when loading a private key. The attack also exploits the binary GCD implementation threat, showing how a single vulnerable primitive leads to multiple vulnerabilities. We demonstrate both security threats with end-to-end attacks using 1000 trials each, showing in both cases single-trace attacks can be achieved with success rates very close to 100%.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
Additional file 2: of Integrating genome-wide DNA methylation and mRNA expression profiles identified different molecular features between Kashin-Beck disease and primary osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Wen, Yan
name: Li, Ping
name: Hao, Jingcan
name: Duan, Chen
name: Han, Jing
name: He, Awen
name: Du, Yanan
name: Liu, Li
name: Liang, Xiao
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Guo, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Table S2. Pathway enrichment analysis results of genome-wide DNA methylation profiling. (DOCX 16 kb)
Time-memory trade-off in Toom-Cook multiplication: an application to module-lattice based cryptography
Creators: name: Bermudo Mera, Jose Maria
name: Karmakar, Angshuman
name: Verbauwhede, Ingrid
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Since the introduction of the ring-learning with errors problem, the number theoretic transform (NTT) based polynomial multiplication algorithm has been studied extensively. Due to its faster quasilinear time complexity, it has been the preferred choice of cryptographers to realize ring-learning with errors cryptographic schemes. Compared to NTT, Toom-Cook or Karatsuba based polynomial multiplication algorithms, though being known for a long time, still have a fledgling presence in the context of post-quantum cryptography. In this work, we observe that the pre- and post-processing steps in Toom-Cook based multiplications can be expressed as linear transformations. Based on this observation we propose two novel techniques that can increase the efficiency of Toom-Cook based polynomial multiplications. Evaluation is reduced by a factor of 2, and we call this method precomputation, and interpolation is reduced from quadratic to linear, and we call this method lazy interpolation. As a practical application, we applied our algorithms to the Saber post-quantum key-encapsulation mechanism. We discuss in detail the various implementation aspects of applying our algorithms to Saber. We show that our algorithm can improve the efficiency of the computationally costly matrix-vector multiplication by 12−37% compared to previous methods on their respective platforms. Secondly, we propose different methods to reduce the memory footprint of Saber for Cortex-M4 microcontrollers. Our implementation shows between 2.6 and 5.7 KB reduction in the memory usage with respect to the smallest implementation in the literature.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
Persistent Fault Attack in Practice
Creators: name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhang, Yiran
name: Jiang, Huilong
name: Zhu, Xiang
name: Bhasin, Shivam
name: Zhao, Xinjie
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Gu, Dawu
name: Ren, Kui
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Persistence fault analysis (PFA) is a novel fault analysis technique proposed in CHES 2018 and demonstrated with rowhammer-based fault injections. However, whether such analysis can be applied to traditional fault attack scenario, together with its difficulty in practice, has not been carefully investigated. For the first time, a persistent fault attack is conducted on an unprotected AES implemented on ATmega163L microcontroller in this paper. Several critical challenges are solved with our new improvements, including (1) how to decide whether the fault is injected in SBox; (2) how to use the maximum likelihood estimation to pursue the minimum number of ciphertexts; (3) how to utilize the unknown fault in SBox to extract the key. Our experiments show that: to break AES with physical laser injections despite all these challenges, the minimum and average number of required ciphertexts are 926 and 1641, respectively. It is about 38% and 28% reductions of the ciphertexts required in comparison to 1493 and 2273 in previous work where both fault value and location have to be known. Furthermore, our analysis is extended to the PRESENT cipher. By applying the persistent fault analysis to the penultimate round, the full PRESENT key of 80 bits can be recovered. Eventually, an experimental validation is performed to confirm the accuracy of our attack with more insights. This paper solves the challenges in most aspects of practice and also demonstrates the feasibility and universality of PFA on SPN block ciphers.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
Efficient and Private Computations with Code-Based Masking
Creators: name: Wang, Weijia
name: Méaux, Pierrick
name: Cassiers, Gaëtan
name: Standaert, François-Xavier
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Code-based masking is a very general type of masking scheme that covers Boolean masking, inner product masking, direct sum masking, and so on. The merits of the generalization are twofold. Firstly, the higher algebraic complexity of the sharing function decreases the information leakage in “low noise conditions” and may increase the “statistical security order” of an implementation (with linear leakages). Secondly, the underlying error-correction codes can offer improved fault resistance for the encoded variables. Nevertheless, this higher algebraic complexity also implies additional challenges. On the one hand, a generic multiplication algorithm applicable to any linear code is still unknown. On the other hand, masking schemes with higher algebraic complexity usually come with implementation overheads, as for example witnessed by inner-product masking. In this paper, we contribute to these challenges in two directions. Firstly, we propose a generic algorithm that allows us (to the best of our knowledge for the first time) to compute on data shared with linear codes. Secondly, we introduce a new amortization technique that can significantly mitigate the implementation overheads of code-based masking, and illustrate this claim with a case study. Precisely, we show that, although performing every single code-based masked operation is relatively complex, processing multiple secrets in parallel leads to much better performances. This property enables code-based masked implementations of the AES to compete with the state-of-the-art in randomness complexity. Since our masked operations can be instantiated with various linear codes, we hope that these investigations open new avenues for the study of code-based masking schemes, by specializing the codes for improved performances, better side-channel security or improved fault tolerance.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
Dismantling DST80-based Immobiliser Systems
Creators: name: Wouters, Lennert
name: Van Den Herrewegen, Jan
name: Garcia, Flavio D.
name: Oswald, David
name: Gierlichs, Benedikt
name: Preneel, Bart
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Car manufacturers deploy vehicle immobiliser systems in order to prevent car theft. However, in many cases the underlying cryptographic primitives used to authenticate a transponder are proprietary in nature and thus not open to public scrutiny. In this paper we publish the proprietary Texas Instruments DST80 cipher used in immobilisers of several manufacturers. Additionally, we expose serious flaws in immobiliser systems of major car manufacturers such as Toyota, Kia, Hyundai and Tesla. Specifically, by voltage glitching the firmware protection mechanisms of the microcontroller, we extracted the firmware from several immobiliser ECUs and reverse engineered the key diversification schemes employed within. We discovered that Kia and Hyundai immobiliser keys have only three bytes of entropy and that Toyota only relies on publicly readable information such as the transponder serial number and three constants to generate cryptographic keys. Furthermore, we present several practical attacks which can lead to recovering the full 80-bit cryptographic key in a matter of seconds or permanently disabling the transponder. Finally, even without key management or configuration issues, we demonstrate how an attacker can recover the cryptographic key using a profiled side-channel attack. We target the key loading procedure and investigate the practical applicability in the context of portability. Our work once again highlights the issues automotive vendors face in implementing cryptography securely.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2
FENL: an ISE to mitigate analogue micro-architectural leakage
Creators: name: Gao, Si
name: Marshall, Ben
name: Page, Dan
name: Pham, Thinh
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2020

description: Ge et al. [GYH18] propose the augmented ISA (or aISA), a central tenet of which is the selective exposure of micro-architectural resources via a less opaque abstraction than normal. The aISA proposal is motivated by the need for control over such resources, for example to implement robust countermeasures against microarchitectural attacks. In this paper, we apply an aISA-style approach to challenges stemming from analogue micro-architectural leakage; examples include power-based Hamming weight and distance leakage from relatively fine-grained resources (e.g., pipeline registers), which are not exposed in, and so cannot be reliably controlled via, a normal ISA. Specifically, we design, implement, and evaluate an ISE named FENL: the ISE acts as a fence for leakage, preventing interaction between, and hence leakage from, instructions before and after it in program order. We demonstrate that the implementation and use of FENL has relatively low overhead, and represents an effective tool for systematically localising and reducing leakage.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2020, Issue 2