cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(103462) Minnie Ethel Willway Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CUQDS: Conformal Uncertainty Quantification under Distribution Shift for Trajectory Prediction
Creators: name: Huang, Huiqun
name: He, Sihong
name: Miao, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Trajectory prediction models that can infer both finite future trajectories and their associated uncertainties of the target vehicles in an online setting (e.g., real-world application scenarios) is crucial for ensuring the safe and robust navigation and path planning of autonomous vehicle motion. However, the majority of existing trajectory prediction models have neither considered reducing the uncertainty as one objective during the training stage nor provided reliable uncertainty quantification during inference stage under potential distribution shift. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the Conformal Uncertainty Quantification under Distribution Shift framework, CUQDS, to quantify the uncertainty of the predicted trajectories of existing trajectory prediction models under potential data distribution shift, while considering improving the prediction accuracy of the models and reducing the estimated uncertainty during the training stage. Specifically, CUQDS includes 1) a learning-based Gaussian process regression module that models the output distribution of the base model (any existing trajectory prediction or time series forecasting neural networks) and reduces the estimated uncertainty by additional loss term, and 2) a statistical-based Conformal P control module to calibrate the estimated uncertainty from the Gaussian process regression module in an online setting under potential distribution shift between training and testing data.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
title: Image quality comparison of low-dose contrast-enhanced abdominal CT with different protocols: reduced tube voltage, or reduced tube current?
Creators: name: Ying, Shihong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Kv imaging

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To determine a better optimized scan protocol between reduced tube voltage and reduced tube current for low dose contrast-enhanced abdominal CT by comparing image...
Low-field microwave absorption and magnetoresistance in iron nanostructures grown by electrodeposition on n-type lightly-doped silicon substrates
Creators: name: Felix, J. F.
name: Figueiredo, L. C.
name: Mendes, J. B. S.
name: Morais, P. C.
name: de Araujo, C. I. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we investigate magnetic properties, surface morphology and crystal structure in iron nanoclusters electrodeposited on lightly-doped (100) n-type silicon substrates. Our goal is to investigate the spin injection and detection in the Fe/Si lateral structures. The samples obtained under electric percolation were characterized by magnetoresistive and magnetic resonance measurements with cycling the sweeping applied field in order to understand the spin dynamics in the as-produced samples. The observed hysteresis in the magnetic resonance spectra, plus the presence of a broad peak in the non-saturated regime confirming the low field microwave absorption (LFMA), were correlated to the peaks and slopes found in the magnetoresistance curves. The results suggest long range spin injection and detection in low resistive silicon and the magnetic resonance technique is herein introduced as a promising tool for analysis of electric contactless magnetoresistive samples.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The impact of environmental awareness on customer needs and purchasing behaviour related to residential renovation and furnishing in Slovenia
Creators: name: Slavec, Ana
name: Sajinčič, Nežka
name: Primožič, Lea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: There is a growing awareness among consumers about sustainability issues and climate change (Hedstrom 2018). In this contribution we aim to examine the extent to which Slovenian consumers consider environmental aspects when making decision about renovating or furnishing their apartments, including the purchase of new furniture. Firstly, we provide an overview of existing data on attitudes and behaviors related to the renovation or furnishing of living environments, both for Slovenia and other countries. One of the primary sources of information is a survey completed in 2013 among ten European countries on purchasing behavior and consumer needs concerning furniture products (Renda et al. 2014). Second, we conduct our own study on the topic combining selected survey questions from previous surveys and our own original questions utilizing an online survey panel that is representative of the Slovenian population. In the analysis, we evaluate the effect of demographic and other factors such as environmental concern on customer needs and purchasing behavior. By comparing results with previous studies, we discuss main trends and evaluate similarities and differences compared to consumers in other countries.
description: The authors acknowledge receiving funding from the Slovenian Research Agency for the project Using questionnaires to measure attitudes and behaviours of building users [Z5-1879] and from the European Cooperation in Science and Technology for the InnoRenew project [grant agreement #739574] under the H2020 Spreading Excellence and Widening Participation Horizon2020 Widespread-Teaming program.
The association between copy number aberration, DNA methylation and gene expression in tumor samples
Creators: name: Jin, C.
name: Chen, M.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Hayes, D.N.
name: Sun, W.
name: Perou, C.M.
name: Zhabotynsky, V.
name: Little, P.
name: Bunn, P.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: We systematically studied the association between somatic copy number aberration (SCNA), DNA methylation and gene expression using -omic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) on six cancer types: breast cancer, colon cancer, glioblastoma, leukemia, lower-grade glioma and prostate cancer. A major challenge for such integrated study is that the association between DNA methylation and gene expression is severely confounded by tumor purity and cell type composition, which are often unobserved and difficult to estimate. To overcome this challenge, we developed a method to remove confounding effects by calculating the principal components that span the space of the latent factors. Another intriguing findings of our study is that there could be both positive and negative associations between SCNA and DNA methylation, while the CpGs with negative/positive associations with SCNA are often located around CpG islands/ocean, respectively. A joint study of SCNA, DNA methylation, and gene expression suggest that SCNA often affect DNA methylation and gene expression independently. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.
Coherent control of photocurrent in a strongly scattering photoelectrochemical system
Creators: name: Liew, Seng Fatt
name: Popoff, Sebastien M.
name: Sheehan, Stafford W.
name: Goetschy, Arthur
name: Schmuttenmaer, Charles A.
name: Stone, A. Douglas
name: Cao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental issue that limits the efficiency of many photoelectrochemical systems is that the photon absorption length is typically much longer than the electron diffusion length. Various photon management schemes have been developed to enhance light absorption; one simple approach is to use randomly scattering media to enable broadband and wide-angle enhancement. However, such systems are often opaque, making it difficult to probe photo-induced processes. Here we use wave interference effects to modify the spatial distribution of light inside a highly-scattering dye-sensitized solar cell to control photon absorption in a space-dependent manner. By shaping the incident wavefront of a laser beam, we enhance or suppress photocurrent by increasing or decreasing light concentration on the front side of the mesoporous photoanode where the collection efficiency of photoelectrons is maximal. Enhanced light absorption is achieved by reducing reflection through the open boundary of the photoanode via destructive interference, leading to a factor of two increase in photocurrent. This approach opens the door to probing and manipulating photoelectrochemical processes in specific regions inside nominally opaque media.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, in submission. The first two authors contributed equally to this paper, and should be regarded as co-first authors
(103458) Ernest Dillon Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
EOSC-Pillar D2.6 Dissemination, Communication and Stakeholder Engagement Report
Creators: name: Carrillo, Rob
name: Drago, Federico
name: Giuffrida, Maria
name: Geistberger, Julia
name: Czuray, Marie
name: van Wezel, Jos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: EOSC
Open Science
Europe
FAIR principles

description: The Coordination and Harmonisation of National and Thematic Initiatives to Support EOSC project (EOSC-Pillar), aims to coordinate national Open Science efforts across Austria, Belgium, France, Germany and Italy, and ensure their contribution and readiness for the implementation of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). To achieve this, a well-executed communication, dissemination and stakeholder engagement plan is necessary. This deliverable is an update to D2.2 EOSC-Pillar Dissemination, Communication and Stakeholder Engagement Plan. Since the methodology, objectives, stakeholders, campaigns, activities and KPIs largely remain the same, only the updates and changes are noted in this deliverable. Where action items appear in D2.2 but are not mentioned in D2.5, these activities remain within the plan.
title: Correlation between ADC and Gleason score in the evaluation of peripheral zone prostate cancer
Creators: name: Michelini, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: The Gleason Score (GS) is an important factor to define biological activity and aggressiveness of prostate cancer, it influences the choice of treatment and it is an important predictor of treatment response. Aim of this study is to evaluate the...
(103459) Florence Louise Wheatstone
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The images of Lie polynomials evaluated on matrices
Creators: name: Kanel-Belov, Alexei
name: Malev, Sergey
name: Rowen, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Kaplansky asked about the possible images of a polynomial $f$ in several noncommuting variables. In this paper we consider the case of $f$ a Lie polynomial. We describe all the possible images of $f$ in $M_2(K)$ and provide an example of $f$ whose image is the set of non-nilpotent trace zero matrices, together with 0. We provide an arithmetic criterion for this case. We also show that the standard polynomial $s_k$ is not a Lie polynomial, for $k>2.$
Associating somatic mutations to clinical outcomes: A pan-cancer study of survival time
Creators: name: Little, P.
name: Sun, W.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: We developed subclone multiplicity allocation and somatic heterogeneity (SMASH), a new statistical method for intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) inference. SMASH is tailored to the purpose of large-scale association studies with one tumor sample per patient. In a pan-cancer study of 14 cancer types, we studied the associations between survival time and ITH quantified by SMASH, together with other features of somatic mutations. Our results show that ITH is associated with survival time in several cancer types and its effect can be modified by other covariates, such as mutation burden. SMASH is available at https://github.com/Sun-lab/SMASH. © 2019 The Author(s).
Wave Damping Observed in Upwardly Propagating Sausage-mode Oscillations contained within a Magnetic Pore
Creators: name: Grant, S. D. T.
name: Jess, D. B.
name: Moreels, M. G.
name: Morton, R. J.
name: Christian, D. J.
name: Giagkiozis, I.
name: Verth, G.
name: Fedun, V.
name: Keys, P. H.
name: Van Doorsselaere, T.
name: Erdelyi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observational evidence of compressible magnetohydrodynamic wave modes propagating from the solar photosphere through to the base of the transition region in a solar magnetic pore. High cadence images were obtained simultaneously across four wavelength bands using the Dunn Solar Telescope. Employing Fourier and wavelet techniques, sausage-mode oscillations displaying significant power were detected in both intensity and area fluctuations. The intensity and area fluctuations exhibit a range of periods from 181-412s, with an average period ~290s, consistent with the global p-mode spectrum. Intensity and area oscillations present in adjacent bandpasses were found to be out-of-phase with one another, displaying phase angles of 6.12 degrees, 5.82 degrees and 15.97 degrees between 4170 Angstrom continuum - G-band, G-band - Na I D1 and Na I D1 - Ca II K heights, respectively, reiterating the presence of upwardly-propagating sausage-mode waves. A phase relationship of ~0 degrees between same-bandpass emission and area perturbations of the pore best categorises the waves as belonging to the `slow' regime of a dispersion diagram. Theoretical calculations reveal that the waves are surface modes, with initial photospheric energies in excess of 35000 W/m^2. The wave energetics indicate a substantial decrease in energy with atmospheric height, confirming that magnetic pores are able to transport waves that exhibit appreciable energy damping, which may release considerable energy into the local chromospheric plasma.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted into ApJ
Tidal alignment of galaxies
Creators: name: Blazek, Jonathan
name: Vlah, Zvonimir
name: Seljak, Uroš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytic model for galaxy intrinsic alignments (IA) based on the theory of tidal alignment. We calculate all relevant nonlinear corrections at one-loop order, including effects from nonlinear density evolution, galaxy biasing, and source density weighting. Contributions from density weighting are found to be particularly important and lead to bias dependence of the IA amplitude, even on large scales. This effect may be responsible for much of the luminosity dependence in IA observations. The increase in IA amplitude for more highly biased galaxies reflects their locations in regions with large tidal fields. We also consider the impact of smoothing the tidal field on halo scales. We compare the performance of this consistent nonlinear model in describing the observed alignment of luminous red galaxies with the linear model as well as the frequently used "nonlinear alignment model," finding a significant improvement on small and intermediate scales. We also show that the cross-correlation between density and IA (the "GI" term) can be effectively separated into source alignment and source clustering, and we accurately model the observed alignment down to the one-halo regime using the tidal field from the fully nonlinear halo-matter cross correlation. Inside the one-halo regime, the average alignment of galaxies with density tracers no longer follows the tidal alignment prediction, likely reflecting nonlinear processes that must be considered when modeling IA on these scales. Finally, we discuss tidal alignment in the context of cosmic shear measurements.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures, appendix. JCAP style. Submitted to JCAP
(103453) George Maddock Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Finite-range model potentials for resonant interactions
Creators: name: Deb, Bimalendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to model two-body resonant interactions at low energy with a class of finite-range potentials based on the methods of Jost and Kohn. These potentials are expressed in terms of the effective range $r_0$ and the $s$-wave scattering length $a_s$. We derive continuum solutions of these potentials. By writing $V_{\pm}(r) = V_{0}(r) + V_{\pm}^ε(r)$, where the sign +(-) refers to positive(negative) scattering length, $ V_{0}(r)$ is of the form of Pöschl-Teller potential and $V_{\pm}^ε$ is expressed as a power series of the small parameter $ε= (\sqrt{1 - 2 r_0/a_s})^{-1} - 1 $ when $a_s$ is large, we derive Green function of $V_{0}(r)$. Using the Green function, solutions of $V_{\pm}(r)$ for $|a_s| >\!> r_0$ can be obtained numerically by treating $V_{\pm}^ε(r)$as a perturbation. We describe the threshold behavior of scattering phase shift for $V_{0}(r)$. This study may be important for developing a better understanding of physics of strongly interacting ultracold atomic gases with tunable interactions.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, title changed, new references added. Accepted in Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
title: C. Imaging interstitial lung disease in children: update 2017
Creators: name: Alexopoulou, Efthimia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography

description: Learning objectives Main Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To understand optimized protocols. To learn about updated nomenclature of interstitial lung diseases in children. To discuss a systematic approach for the diagnosis of common entities diffusely affecting the paediatric...
(103456) Alice Ellen Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: B. Aspects of safety: what should be considered?
Creators: name: Azevedo, Kevin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: Professional issues
subject: Management
subject: Safety
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Education
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Main Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To appreciate the core competencies and the radiographer's role as a key element to ensure patient safety at the imaging department. 2. To learn about the main concepts of patient safety related to the radiographer's professional responsibility...
title: Hypovascular hypointense nodules on hepatobiliary phase without T2 hyperintensity on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: long-term outcomes and risk factors of hypervascularisation
Creators: name: Yang, Hyejin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Screening
subject: Cancer
subject: Cirrhosis

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To evaluate the ‘long-term’ outcome and risk factors associated with hypervascularization in hypovascular hypointense nodules on hepatobiliary phase (HBP) without T2 hyperintensity on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images in...
Pseudoscalar Portal Dark Matter and New Signatures of Vector-like Fermions
Creators: name: Fan, JiJi
name: Koushiappas, Savvas M.
name: Landsberg, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermionic dark matter interacting with the Standard Model sector through a pseudoscalar portal could evade the direct detection constraints while preserving a WIMP miracle. We study the LHC constraints on the pseudoscalar production in simplified models with the pseudoscalar either dominantly coupled to b quarks or tau leptons and explore their implications for the GeV excesses in gamma ray observations. We also investigate models with new vector-like fermions that could realize the simplified models of pseudoscalar portal dark matter. These models yield new decay channels and signatures of vector-like fermions, for instance, bbb, btautau, and tautautau resonances. Some of the signatures have already been strongly constrained by the existing LHC searches and the parameter space fitting the gamma ray excess is further restricted. On the other hand, the pure tau-rich final state is only weakly constrained so far due to the small electroweak production rate.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures; references added, minor modifications and match the JHEP version
(103457) Emily Constance Maddock Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Cultura do privilégio: entrave para o desenvolvimento econômico na América Latina
Creators: name: Albertin de Moraes, Isaías
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 380301
subject: History of economic thought
classificationCode: 380399
subject: Economic theory not elsewhere classified

description: O presente artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para o entendimento dos entraves para um projeto de desenvolvimento econômico na América Latina contemporânea. A premissa elencada pela pesquisa é a de que os projetos e as estratégias desenvolvimentistas executados pelos governos vanguardistas nos países da América Latina sofrem de entraves e se tornam truncados em virtude, frequentemente, da cultura do privilégio presente na sociedade latino-americana. O artigo optou em realizar pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica pautada em leitura sintópica. Os resultados obtidos são de que, na América Latina, grande parte da elite dirigente carrega introjetada um desprezo pelo seu próprio povo –visto como "subgente"– e um fascínio e subalternidade perante o colonizador –economias centrais– visto como modelos de humanos e de civilização. Isso faz com que haja uma cultura do privilégio responsável por um horror social e fator relevante pelo entrave ao desenvolvimento econômico na região.
Generalization and fine mapping of red blood cell trait genetic associations to multi-ethnic populations: The PAGE study
Creators: name: Kocarnik, J.
name: Reiner, A.P.
name: Loos, R.J.F.
name: Hodonsky, C.J.
name: Buyske, S.
name: Wassel, C.
name: Tao, R.
name: Kooperberg, C.
name: Hindorff, L.A.
name: Ganesh, S.K.
name: Schurmann, C.
name: Schick, U.M.
name: van Rooij, F.J.A.
name: North, K.E.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Floyd, J.S.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Red blood cell (RBC) traits provide insight into a wide range of physiological states and exhibit moderate to high heritability, making them excellent candidates for genetic studies to inform underlying biologic mechanisms. Previous RBC trait genome-wide association studies were performed primarily in European- or Asian-ancestry populations, missing opportunities to inform understanding of RBC genetic architecture in diverse populations and reduce intervals surrounding putative functional SNPs through fine-mapping. Here, we report the first fine-mapping of 6 correlated (Pearson's r range: |0.04-0.92|) RBC traits in up to 19 036 African Americans and 19 562 Hispanic/Latino participants of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology consortium. Trans-ethnic meta-analysis of race/ethnic- and study-specific estimates for approximately 11 000 SNPs flanking 13 previously identified association signals as well as 150 000 additional array-wide SNPs was performed using inverse-variance meta-analysis after adjusting for study and clinical covariates. Approximately half of previously reported index SNP-RBC trait associations generalized to the trans-ethnic study population (p < 1.7 × 10 −4 ); previously unreported independent association signals within the ABO region reinforce the potential for multiple functional variants affecting the same locus. Trans-ethnic fine-mapping did not reveal additional signals at the HFE locus independent of the known functional variants. Finally, we identified a potential novel association in the Hispanic/Latino study population at the HECTD4/RPL6 locus for RBC count (p = 1.9 × 10 −7 ). The identification of a previously unknown association, generalization of a large proportion of known association signals, and refinement of known association signals all exemplify the benefits of genetic studies in diverse populations. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
title: Accuracy of MRI for predicting anterior peritoneal reflection involvement for locally advanced rectal cancer: prospective comparison with operation findings
Creators: name: Sim, Ki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Colon
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Surgery
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative rectal MRI for rectal cancer involvement through anterior peritoneal reflection in comparison with operation...
Charge relaxation resistance in the cotunneling regime of multi-channel Coulomb blockade: Violation of Korringa-Shiba relation
Creators: name: Burmistrov, I. S.
name: Rodionov, Ya. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low frequency admittance of a small metallic island coupled to a gate electrode and to a massive reservoir via a \emph{multi channel} tunnel junction. The ac current is caused by a slowly oscillating gate voltage. We focus on the regime of inelastic cotunneling in which the dissipation of energy (the real part of the admittance) is determined by two-electron tunneling with creation of electron-hole pairs on the island. We demonstrate that at finite temperatures but low frequencies the energy dissipation is ohmic whereas at zero temperature it is super-ohmic. We find that (i) the charge relaxation resistance (extracted from the real part of the admittance) is strongly temperature dependent, (ii) the imaginary and real parts of the admittance do not satisfy the Korringa-Shiba relation. At zero temperature the charge relaxation resistance vanishes in agreement with the recent zero temperature analysis [M. Filippone and C. Mora, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 86}, 125311 (2012) and P. Dutt, T. L. Schmidt, C. Mora, and K. Le Hur, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 87}, 155134 (2013)].
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Presolar grains
Creators: name: Liu, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical makeup of our solar system is a reflection of Galactic chemical evolution in the local interstellar medium (ISM) over the past ~9 Ga before the formation of the solar system. Although the incorporated ISM dust was mostly destroyed during the solar system formation, a small fraction of the ISM dust, known as presolar grains, is preserved in pristine extraterrestrial materials and identified through their exotic isotopic compositions, pointing to their formation in gas outflows or explosions of ancient stars. Since their stellar birth at more than 4.6 Ga, presolar grains have borne witness to a diverse array of astrophysical and cosmochemical processes. In this chapter, I will review recent progress in utilizing the isotopic and structural compositions of presolar grains to constrain physical mixing processes and dust formation in stars, stellar nucleosynthesis, ISM processes, and the origin and evolution of the solar system.
description: In press; Geochemistry Treatise chapter
Power and sample size for dose-finding studies with survival endpoints under model uncertainty
Creators: name: Roy, D.
name: Bai, X.
name: Liu, D.
name: Ying, Z.
name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Deng, Q.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Multiple comparison procedures combined with modeling techniques (MCP-Mod) (Bretz et al., 2005) is an efficient and robust statistical methodology for the model-based design and analysis of dose-finding studies with an unknown dose–response model. With this approach, multiple comparison methods are used to identify statistically significant contrasts corresponding to a set of candidate dose–response models, and the best model is then used to estimate the target dose. Power and sample size calculations for this methodology require knowledge of the covariance matrix for the estimators of the (placebo-adjusted) mean responses among the dose groups. In this article, we consider survival endpoints and derive an analytic form of the covariance matrix for the estimators of the log hazard ratios as a function of the total number of events in the study. We then use this closed-form expression of the covariance matrix to derive the power and sample size formulas. We discuss practical considerations in the application of these formulas. In addition, we provide an illustration with a motivating example on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Finally, we demonstrate through simulation studies that the proposed formulas are accurate enough for practical use. © 2018, The International Biometric Society
title: Tumour response and survival outcomes of very small drug eluting beads used in trans-arterial chemoembolisation for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Kim, Sanghun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Toxicity
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents is the commonest primary hepatic malignancy. The 5th most common malignancy worldwide, and the 2nd most common cause of death related to cancer (1) . According to the American Cancer Society 2016...
The stress of income inequality
Creators: name: Ryan, Megan
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Income inequality is a growing concern (Amedolara, 2022), that is linked to many negative health consequences (Wilkinson & Pickett, 2010). While this is well explored epidemiologically, the social psychological consequences are less understood (Peters et al., 2022). Through three empirical studies, this thesis examines how income inequality affects health using a social psychological approach, with a particular focus on the biological pathways that may underpin this relationship. Paper 1 shows experimentally manipulated income inequality and income group affect cardiovascular responses in a university sample (N = 102). Utilising a paradigm by Jetten et al., (2015), it provides preliminary evidence of income inequality as a direct stressor, which interacts with income group to affect cardiovascular reactivity. Paper 2 shows real world income inequality across time affects health outcomes, specifically cardiovascular reactivity, in conjunction with ethnic group membership and subjective status (N = 1155). This extends evidence of a biological pathway underpinning this relationship, and emphasises the importance of subjective status and ethnic group membership in this relationship. Paper 3 addresses a gap in the literature (Benson et al., 2021) by demonstrating subjective measures of income inequality also affect health over time (N = 109). It shows attitudes to income inequality interact with household income to affect health. This paper also shows income inequality affects mental health, not just physical health. Overall, this thesis makes valuable contributions to help us understand the complex relationship between income inequality and health. By using a social psychological approach and combining this with physiological measures, it provides some evidence of a biological pathway linking these factors. This thesis also highlights the important interacting effect of social factors such as group status and membership to this relationship. As such, this thesis adds to a growing body of literature taking a social identity analysis to income inequality.
(103454) Alice Maud Spratley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Velocity of excitations in ordered, disordered and critical antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Sen, Arnab
name: Suwa, Hidemaro
name: Sandvik, Anders W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test three different approaches, based on quantum Monte Carlo simulations, for computing the velocity $c$ of triplet excitations in antiferromagnets. We consider the standard $S=1/2$ one- and two-dimensional Heisenberg models, as well as a bilayer Heisenberg model at its critical point. Computing correlation functions in imaginary time and using their long-time behavior, we extract the lowest excitation energy versus momentum using improved fitting procedures and a generalized moment method. The velocity is then obtained from the dispersion relation. We also exploit winding numbers to define a cubic space-time geometry, where the velocity is obtained as the ratio of the spatial and temporal lengths of the system when all winding number fluctuations are equal. The two methods give consistent results for both ordered and critical systems, but the winding-number estimator is more precise. For the Heisenberg chain, we accurately reproduce the exactly known velocity. For the two-dimensional Heisenberg model, our results are consistent with other recent calculations, but with an improved statistical precision; $c=1.65847(4)$. We also use the hydrodynamic relation $c^2=ρ_s/χ_\perp(q\to 0)$ between $c$, the spin stiffness $ρ_s$, and the transversal susceptibility $χ_\perp$, using the smallest non-zero momentum $q=2π/L$. This method also is well controlled in two dimensions, but the cubic criterion for winding numbers delivers better numerical precision. In one dimension the hydrodynamic relation is affected by logarithmic corrections which make accurate extrapolations difficult. As an application of the winding-number method, for the quantum-critical bilayer model our high-precision determination of the velocity enables us to quantitatively test, at an unprecedented level, field-theoretic predictions for low-temperature scaling forms where $c$ enters.
description: PRB two column format; 24 pages and 25 eps figures
title: Diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of transplanted kidneys before and after furosemide
Creators: name: Caltabiano, Daniele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Transplantation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: The aim of this study is to demonstrate validity of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Diffusor Tensor Imaging (DTI) in evaluation of state of transplanted kidneys. We investigated the possibility that diureticstimulation – using furosemide –...
(103455) Samuel George Maddock Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Quantitative and analitic assesment of incidental findings in patients exposed to CBCT
Creators: name: Iodice, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Head and neck
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate tipology and incidence of incidental findings in patients undergone to Cone Beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the consequences on diagnostic and therapeutic...
Stirring the false vacuum via interacting quantized bubbles on a 5564-qubit quantum annealer
Creators: name: Vodeb, Jaka
name: Desaules, Jean-Yves
name: Hallam, Andrew
name: Rava, Andrea
name: Humar, Gregor
name: Willsch, Dennis
name: Jin, Fengping
name: Willsch, Madita
name: Michielsen, Kristel
name: Papić, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: False vacuum decay is a potential mechanism governing the evolution of the early Universe, with profound connections to non-equilibrium quantum physics, including quenched dynamics, the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, and dynamical metastability. The non-perturbative character of the false vacuum decay and the scarcity of its experimental probes make the effect notoriously difficult to study, with many basic open questions, such as how the bubbles of true vacuum form, move and interact with each other. Here we utilize a quantum annealer with 5564 superconducting flux qubits to directly observe quantized bubble formation in real time -- the hallmark of false vacuum decay dynamics. Moreover, we develop an effective model that describes the initial bubble creation and subsequent interaction effects. We demonstrate that the effective model remains accurate in the presence of dissipation, showing that our annealer can access coherent scaling laws in driven many-body dynamics of 5564 qubits for over $1μ$s, i.e., more than 1000 intrinsic qubit time units. This work sets the stage for exploring late-time dynamics of the false vacuum at computationally intractable system sizes, dimensionality, and topology in quantum annealer platforms.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Surrogate end points, health outcomes, and the drug-approval process for the treatment of risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Creators: name: Smith, N.L.
name: Psaty, B.M.
name: Furberg, C.D.
name: Kaplan, R.C.
name: Rosendaal, F.R.
name: Weiss, N.S.
name: Wagner, E.H.
name: Fleming, T.R.
name: Siscovick, D.S.
name: Heckbert, S.R.
name: Koepsell, T.D.
name: Lin, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Data on surrogate end points such as blood pressure or body weight have often been used to support the approval of new pharmacologic treatments for cardiovascular risk factors. In small, short-term studies, a new drug reduces the level of a risk factor, and the changes in risk factor levels are interpreted as if the health benefits expected on the basis of those changes will necessarily follow. An editorial on the pharmacotherapy of obesity illustrates the argument1: in the context of discussing the association between appetite suppressant drugs and primary pulmonary hypertension,2 the editorialists used observational evidence on the association of body mass index with mortality and translated data on weight loss in a small, short-term trial of dexfenfluramine3 into an estimate of lives that could be saved by long-term drug therapy for obesity. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved dexfenfluramine on the basis of this same surrogate end point argument4: "the potential health benefits of anorectic drugs outweigh their risk when considered against the health hazards of obesity."5 When, after the drug was approved, the adverse effects were found to be greater than estimated on the basis of preapproval trials,6,7 the drug was withdrawn. Is this an example of the drug-approval process working well, or does it point to a fundamental flaw in the way drugs are approved?
Demonstrating a directional detector based on neon for characterizing high energy neutrons
Creators: name: Hexley, A.
name: Moulai, M. H.
name: Spitz, J.
name: Conrad, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MITPC is a gas-based time projection chamber used for detecting fast, MeV-scale neutrons. The standard version of the detector relies on a mixture of 600~torr gas composed of 87.5% $^4$He and 12.5% CF$_4$ for precisely measuring the energy and direction of neutron-induced nuclear recoils. We describe studies performed with a prototype detector investigating the use of Ne, as a replacement for $^4$He, in the gas mixture. Our discussion focuses on the advantages of Ne as the fast neutron target for high energy neutron events ($\lesssim$100 MeV) and a demonstration that the mixture will be effective for this event class. We find that the achievable gain and transverse diffusion of drifting electrons in the Ne mixture are acceptable and that the detector uptime lost due to voltage breakdowns in the amplification plane is negligible, compared to $\sim$ 20% with the $^4$He mixture.