cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Effect: General Expression of AMR Ratio and Intuitive Explanation for Sign of AMR Ratio
Creators: name: Kokado, Satoshi
name: Tsunoda, Masakiyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the general expression of the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) ratio of ferromagnets for a relative angle between the magnetization direction and the current direction. We here use the two-current model for a system consisting of a spin-polarized conduction state (s) and localized d states (d) with spin-orbit interaction. Using the expression, we analyze the AMR ratios of Ni and a half-metallic ferromagnet. These results correspond well to the respective experimental results. In addition, we give an intuitive explanation about a relation between the sign of the AMR ratio and the s-d scattering process.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Advanced Materials Research
Implementing a new Carolina Digital Repository: communities, customizations and change
Creators: name: Rudder, Julie
name: Kati, Rebekah
name: Smith, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: In June, the UNC University Libraries Software Development and Repository Services departments will launch the new Carolina Digital Repository (CDR) platform. The new repository will house scholarly materials in support of UNC’s Open Access policy and support many existing workflows and use cases such as student papers, OA books, and datasets. The new repository is built on Samvera’s Hyrax platform, a community-developed software solution. In this presentation, we will discuss our experience cooperating on a community-developed software project and how we worked with our local campus communities to manage changes to the existing services. We will showcase several use cases and demonstrate how we addressed their needs in new ways. Finally, we will share lessons learned and future plans for the CDR.
Community Formation in Wealth-Mediated Thermodynamic Strategy Evolution
Creators: name: Olson, Connor
name: Belmonte, Andrew
name: Griffin, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a dynamical system defined by a repeated game on a 1D lattice, in which the players keep track of their gross payoffs over time in a bank. Strategy updates are governed by a Boltzmann distribution which depends on the neighborhood bank values associated with each strategy, relative to a temperature scale which defines the random fluctuations. Players with higher bank values are thus less likely to change strategy than players with lower bank value. For a parameterized rock-paper-scissors game, we derive a condition under which communities of a given strategy form with either fixed or drifting boundaries. We show the effect of temperature increase on the underlying system, and identify surprising properties of this model through numerical simulations.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Superluminal Propagation on a Moving Braneworld
Creators: name: Greene, Brian
name: Kabat, Daniel
name: Levin, Janna
name: Menon, Arjun S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a braneworld scenario in the simplest setting, $M_4 \times S^1$, with a 4D Minkowski metric induced on the brane, and establish the possibility of superluminal propagation. If the brane is at rest, the 4D Lorentz symmetry of the brane is exact, but if the brane is in motion, it is broken globally by the compactification. By measuring bulk fields, an observer on the brane sees a slice through a higher-dimensional field profile, which carries an imprint of the extra dimensions even when the brane is at rest. If the brane is in motion we find that bulk fields can propagate outside the brane lightcone by a parametrically large amount set by the brane velocity. We mention observational tests and possible applications to cosmology.
description: 19 pages. v2: references added
High-precision cavity spectroscopy using high-frequency squeezed light
Creators: name: Junker, J.
name: Wilken, D.
name: Huntington, E.
name: Heurs, Michèle
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : The Optical Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Explosives detection
subject: Frequency modulation
subject: Quantum noise
subject: Quantum theory
subject: Explosive traces
subject: High frequency HF
subject: High-precision
subject: Modulation techniques
subject: Proof of concept
subject: States of light
subject: Technical noise
subject: Theoretical calculations
subject: Shot noise
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: In this article, we present a novel spectroscopy technique that improves the signal-to-shot-noise ratio without the need to increase the laser power. Detrimental effects by technical noise sources are avoided by frequency-modulation techniques (frequency up-shifting). Superimposing the signal on non-classical states of light leads to a reduced quantum noise floor. Our method reveals in a proof-of-concept experiment small signals at Hz to kHz frequencies even below the shot noise limit. Our theoretical calculations fully support our experimental findings. The proposed technique is interesting for applications such as high-precision cavity spectroscopy, e.g., for explosive trace gas detection where the specific gas might set an upper limit for the laser power employed. © 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
An exact solution of the Dirac equation with CP violation
Creators: name: Prokopec, Tomislav
name: Schmidt, Michael G.
name: Weenink, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Yukawa theory in which the fermion mass is induced by a Higgs like scalar. In our model the fermion mass exhibits a temporal dependence, which naturally occurs in the early Universe setting. Assuming that the complex fermion mass changes as a tanh-kink, we construct an exact, helicity conserving, CP-violating solution for the positive and negative frequency fermionic mode functions, which is valid both in the case of weak and strong CP violation. Using this solution we then study the fermionic currents both in the initial vacuum and finite density/temperature setting. Our result shows that, due to a potentially large state squeezing, fermionic currents can exhibit a large oscillatory magnification. Having in mind applications to electroweak baryogenesis, we then compare our exact results with those obtained in a gradient approximation. Even though the gradient approximation does not capture the oscillatory effects of squeezing, it describes quite well the averaged current, obtained by performing a mode sum. Our main conclusion is: while the agreement with the semiclassical force is quite good in the thick wall regime, the difference is sufficiently significant to motivate a more detailed quantitative study of baryogenesis sources in the thin wall regime in more realistic settings.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures
Electronic structure of Humble defects in Ge and Ge$_{0.8}$Si$_{0.2}$
Creators: name: Ren, Shang
name: Yang, Hongbin
name: Singh, Sobhit
name: Batson, Philip E.
name: Garfunkel, Eric L.
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The group-IV diamond-structure elements are known to host a variety of planar defects, including {001} planar defects in C and {001}, {111} and {113} planar defects in Si and Ge. Among the {001} planar defects, the Humble defect, known for some time to occur in Ge, has recently also been observed in Si/Ge alloys, but the details of its electronic structure remain poorly understood. Here we perform first-principles density functional calculations to study Humble defects in both Ge and Ge$_{0.8}$Si$_{0.2}$. We also measure the Si L$_{2,3}$-edge electron energy loss spectra both at the defect and in a bulk-like region far from the defect, and compare with theoretical calculations on corresponding Si sites in our first-principles calculations. We find that inclusion of core-hole effects in the theory is essential for reproducing the observed L$_{2,3}$ edge spectra, and that once they are included, the results provide a set of fingerprints for different types of local atomic bonding environments in Ge$_{0.8}$Si$_{0.2}$. Our first-principles calculations reveal that the Humble defects have a tendency to enlarge the electronic band gap, which may have potential uses in band engineering. The use of hybrid functionals for an improved description of the band gap in these systems is also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures; Comments are welcome
Combining high-order metric interpolation and geometry implicitization for curved $r$-adaption
Creators: name: Aparicio-Estrems, Guillermo
name: Gargallo-Peiró, Abel
name: Roca, Xevi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We detail how to use Newton's method for distortion-based curved $r$-adaption to a discrete high-order metric field while matching a target geometry. Specifically, we combine two terms: a distortion measuring the deviation from the target metric; and a penalty term measuring the deviation from the target boundary. For this combination, we consider four ingredients. First, to represent the metric field, we detail a log-Euclidean high-order metric interpolation on a curved (straight-edged) mesh. Second, for this metric interpolation, we detail the first and second derivatives in physical coordinates. Third, to represent the domain boundaries, we propose an implicit representation for 2D and 3D NURBS models. Fourth, for this implicit representation, we obtain the first and second derivatives. The derivatives of the metric interpolation and the implicit representation allow minimizing the objective function with Newton's method. For this second-order minimization, the resulting meshes simultaneously match the curved features of the target metric and boundary. Matching the metric and the geometry using second-order optimization is an unprecedented capability in curved (straight-edged) $r$-adaption. This capability will be critical in global and cavity-based curved (straight-edged) high-order mesh adaption.
The $\{β\}$-expansion for Adler function, Bjorken Sum Rule, and the Crewther-Broadhurst-Kataev relation at order $O(α_s^4)$
Creators: name: Baikov, P. A.
name: Mikhailov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive explicit expressions for the elements of the $\{ β\}$-expansion for the nonsinglet Adler $D_A$-function and Bjorken polarized sum rules $S^{Bjp}$ in the N$^4$LO using recent results by Chetyrkin for these quantities computed within extended QCD including any number of fermion representations. We discuss the properties of the $\{ β\}$-expansion for $D_A$ and $S^{Bjp}$ at higher orders which follow from the Crewther [1] and the Broadhurst-Kataev [2] relation.
description: 19 pages, added the refs [15], [16], [19]; sec.3 a bit extended
Boundary blow up under Sobolev mappings
Creators: name: Kauranen, Aapo
name: Koskela, Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that for mappings $W^{1,n}(B^n, \R^n),$ continuous up to the boundary, with modulus of continuity satisfying certain divergence condition, the image of the boundary of the unit ball has zero $n$-Hausdorff measure. For Hölder continuous mappings we also prove an essentially sharp generalized Hausdorff dimension estimate.
description: 11 pages, submitted
Molecular control of ureter development in the mouse
Creators: name: Weiss, Anna-Carina
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nephric duct
subject: EphA4
subject: EphA7
subject: Tbx18
subject: ureter
subject: smooth muscle differentiation
subject: Nephrischer Gang
subject: Glattmuskeldifferenzierung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
The gauging procedure and carrollian gravity
Creators: name: Figueroa-O'Farrill, José
name: Have, Emil
name: Prohazka, Stefan
name: Salzer, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss a gauging procedure that allows us to construct lagrangians that dictate the dynamics of an underlying Cartan geometry. In a sense to be made precise in the paper, the starting datum in the gauging procedure is a Klein pair corresponding to a homogeneous space. What the gauging procedure amounts to is the construction of a Cartan geometry modelled on that Klein geometry, with the gauge field defining a Cartan connection. The lagrangian itself consists of all gauge-invariant top-forms constructed from the Cartan connection and its curvature. After demonstrating that this procedure produces four-dimensional General Relativity upon gauging Minkowski spacetime, we proceed to gauge all four-dimensional maximally symmetric carrollian spaces: Carroll, (anti-)de Sitter--Carroll and the lightcone. For the first three of these spaces, our lagrangians generalise earlier first-order lagrangians. The resulting theories of carrollian gravity all take the same form, which seems to be a manifestation of model mutation at the level of the lagrangians. The odd one out, the lightcone, is not reductive and this means that although the equations of motion take the same form as in the other cases, the geometric interpretation is different. For all carrollian theories of gravity we obtain analogues of the Gauss--Bonnet, Pontryagin and Nieh--Yan topological terms, as well as two additional terms that are intrinsically carrollian and seem to have no lorentzian counterpart. Since we gauge the theories from scratch this work also provides a no-go result for the electric carrollian theory in a first-order formulation.
description: 34+1 pages, 2 figures
The Science Wars: a pox on both their houses
Creators: name: Boughn, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to physicist David Mermin, the science wars was a series of exchanges between scientists and "sociologists, historians, and literary critics" whom the scientists thought to be "ludicrously ignorant of science, making all kinds of nonsensical pronouncements." The science wars peaked in 1996 with the publication of a hoax article by physicist Alan Sokal in a cultural studies journal and then seemed mercifully to die away by the end of the 1990's. I recently noticed, however, that the kerfuffle has persisted. This motivated me to pen this essay and point out the silliness of the entire affair.
description: 13 pages
Pushforwards via Scattering Equations with Applications to Positive Geometries
Creators: name: Lukowski, Tomasz
name: Moerman, Robert
name: Stalknecht, Jonah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we explore and expand the connection between two modern descriptions of scattering amplitudes, the CHY formalism and the framework of positive geometries, facilitated by the scattering equations. For theories in the CHY family whose $S$-matrix is captured by some positive geometry in the kinematic space, the corresponding canonical form can be obtained as the pushforward via the scattering equations of the canonical form of a positive geometry defined in the CHY moduli space. In order to compute these canonical forms in kinematic spaces, we study the general problem of pushing forward arbitrary rational differential forms via the scattering equations. We develop three methods which achieve this without ever needing to explicitly solve any scattering equations. Our results use techniques from computational algebraic geometry, including companion matrices and the global duality of residues, and they extend the application of similar results for rational functions to rational differential forms.
description: 42 pages, 5 figures
Molecular mechanisms of the phosphate deficiency-induced root hair growth in Brassica carinata
Creators: name: Kirchner, Thomas Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pi deficiency
subject: root hair
subject: CRISPR/Cas9
subject: Pi-Mangel
subject: Wurzelhaar
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Molecular dynamics investigations of clusters and solids
Creators: name: Nair, Nisanth Narayanan
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Anatase
subject: cyclic cluster model
subject: metal oxides
subject: molecular dynamics
subject: MSINDO
subject: rutile
subject: semiempirical method
subject: silicon clusters
subject: titanium dioxide
subject: zinc oxide
subject: zinc sulphide
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Jamming graphs: A local approach to global mechanical rigidity
Creators: name: Lopez, Jorge H.
name: Cao, L.
name: Schwarz, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the concept of minimal rigidity as applied to soft repulsive, frictionless sphere packings in two-dimensions with the introduction of the jamming graph. Minimal rigidity is a purely combinatorial property encoded via Laman's theorem in two-dimensions. It constrains the global, average coordination number of the graph, for example. However, minimal rigidity does not address the geometry of local mechanical stability. The jamming graph contains both properties of global mechanical stability at the onset of jamming and local mechanical stability. We demonstrate how jamming graphs can be constructed using local moves via the Henneberg construction such that these graphs fall under the jurisdiction of correlated percolation. We then probe how jamming graphs destabilize, or become unjammed, by deleting a bond and computing the resulting rigid cluster distribution. We also study how the system restabilizes with the addition of new contacts and how a jamming graph with extra/redundant contacts destabilizes. The latter endeavor allows us to probe a disc packing in the rigid phase and uncover a potentially new diverging lengthscale associated with the random deletion of contacts as compared to the study of cut-out (or frozen in) subsystems.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Molecular phylogenetics and conservation genetics of sportive lemurs (Lepilemur spp.) in northwestern Madagascar
Creators: name: Craul, Mathias
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Lepilemur
subject: conservation
subject: phylogenetics
subject: Naturschutz
subject: Phylogenie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Rosa pomifera
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. pomifera X rubrifolia - Zu streichen (vgl. Crépin in Cat. 104).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Observation of SN2011fe with INTEGRAL. I. Pre--maximum phase
Creators: name: Isern, J.
name: Jean, P.
name: Bravo, E.
name: Diehl, R.
name: Knödlseder, J.
name: Domingo, A.
name: Hirschmann, A.
name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Lebrun, F.
name: Renaud, M.
name: Soldi, S.
name: Elias-Rosa, N.
name: Hernanz, M.
name: Kulebi, B.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Badenes, C.
name: Domínguez, I.
name: Garcia-Senz, D.
name: Jordi, C.
name: Lichti, G.
name: Vedrenne, G.
name: Von Ballmoos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN2011fe was detected by the Palomar Transient Factory on August 24th 2011 in M101 a few hours after the explosion. From the early optical spectra it was immediately realized that it was a Type Ia supernova thus making this event the brightest one discovered in the last twenty years. The distance of the event offered the rare opportunity to perform a detailed observation with the instruments on board of INTEGRAL to detect the gamma-ray emission expected from the decay chains of $^{56}$Ni. The observations were performed in two runs, one before and around the optical maximum, aimed to detect the early emission from the decay of $^{56}$Ni and another after this maximum aimed to detect the emission of $^{56}$Co. The observations performed with the instruments on board of INTEGRAL (SPI, IBIS/ISGRI, JEMX and OMC) have been analyzed and compared with the existing models of gamma-ray emission from such kind of supernovae. In this paper, the analysis of the gamma-ray emission has been restricted to the first epoch. Both, SPI and IBIS/ISGRI, only provide upper-limits to the expected emission due to the decay of $^{56}$Ni. These upper-limits on the gamma-ray flux are of 7.1 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ ph/s/cm$^2$ for the 158 keV line and of 2.3 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ ph/s/cm$^2$ for the 812 keV line. These bounds allow to reject at the $2σ$ level explosions involving a massive white dwarf, $\sim 1$ M$\odot$ in the sub--Chandrasekhar scenario and specifically all models that would have substantial amounts of radioactive $^{56}$Ni in the outer layers of the exploding star responsible of the SN2011fe event. The optical light curve obtained with the OMC camera also suggests that SN2011fe was the outcome of the explosion, possibly a delayed detonation although other models are possible, of a CO white dwarf that synthesized $\sim 0.55$ M$_\odot$ of $^{56}$Ni. For this specific model.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 10 figures
Turning Social Workers into Web Conferencing Technical Experts via an Intensive Online Institute: The Institute on Technical Skills for Online Event Production
Creators: name: Folk, Krystal
name: Garay, Kristin
name: Marquart, Matthea S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Social workers--Training of
Social work education
Web-based instruction
Distance education

description: Columbia University School of Social Work’s Institute on Technical Skills for Online Event Production trains social workers to become excellent virtual event producers. Participants learn how to run interactive and engaging virtual events using web conferencing technology, which is applicable to work in agencies that want to maximize their social impact by creating innovative approaches for training and meeting with clients, stakeholders, and staff virtually. Launched in 2017, the Institute is designed to be highly interactive, practical, and hands-on, with many skill-building exercises both during the class sessions and assigned as homework. In 2020, it was honored by the International E-Learning Association with an International E-Learning Award in their Academic Division, Blended Learning Category. This poster presentation was for an asynchronous virtual poster session at the UPCEA (University Professional & Continuing Education Association) Mid-Atlantic Regional Conference. During the conference, the presentation included embedded audio on each slide; that audio may be available to UPCEA members in the UPCEA archives.
Post-selected indistinguishable single-photon emission from the Mollow triplet sidebands of a resonantly excited quantum dot
Creators: name: Weiler, Stefanie
name: Stojanovic, Daniel
name: Ulrich, Sven M.
name: Jetter, Michael
name: Michler, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying high power continuous-wave resonant s-shell excitation to a single self-assembled In- GaAs quantum dot, we demonstrate the generation of post-selected single-indistinguishable photons from the Mollow triplet sidebands. A sophisticated spatial filtering technique based on a double Michelson interferometer enabled us to separate the spectrally close lying individual Mollow components and perform almost background free two-photon interference measurements. Showing high consistency with the results of an independent determination of the emission coherence of 250 +/- 30 ps, our analysis reveals a close to ideal visibility contrast of up to 97 %. Due to their easy spectral tunability and their distinct advantage of cascaded photon emission between the individual Mollow sidebands, they resemble a versatile tool for quantum information applications.
Particles motion on topological Lifshitz black holes in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Olivares, Marco
name: Rojas, Germán
name: Vásquez, Yerko
name: Villanueva, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we study the causal structure of a topological black hole presented by Mann R. B. JHEP 06, 075 (2009) by mean the standard Lagrangian procedure, which allow us analyze qualitatively the behavior of test particles using the effective potential. Then, the geodesic motion of massive and massless particles is obtained analytically. We find that confined orbits are forbidden on this spacetime, however radial photons can escape to infinity in an infinite proper time but in a finite coordinate time, this correspond to an interesting and novel result.
description: 8 figures
An analytic evaluation of gravitational particle production of fermions via Stokes phenomenon
Creators: name: Hashiba, Soichiro
name: Ling, Siyang
name: Long, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of gravitational particle production can take place for quantum fields in curved spacetime. The abundance and energy spectrum of gravitationally produced particles is typically calculated by solving the field's mode equations on a time-dependent background metric. For purposes of studying dark matter production in an inflationary cosmology, these mode equations are often solved numerically, which is computationally intensive, especially for the rapidly-oscillating high-momentum modes. However, these same modes are amenable to analytic evaluation via the Exact Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (EWKB) method, where gravitational particle production is a manifestation of the Stokes phenomenon. These analytic techniques have been used in the past to study gravitational particle production for spin-0 bosons. We extend the earlier work to study gravitational production of spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 fermions. We derive an analytic expression for the connection matrix (valid to all orders in perturbations) that relates Bogoliubov coefficients across a Stokes line connecting a merged pair of simple turning points. By comparing the analytic approximation with a direct numerical integration of the mode equations, we demonstrate an excellent agreement and highlight the utility of the Stokes phenomenon formalism applied to fermions. We discuss the implications for an analytic understanding of catastrophic particle production due to vanishing sound speed, which can occur for a spin-3/2 Rarita-Schwinger field.
description: 33 pages + appendices and references, 10 figures
title: Versuch über die Gräbersymbolik der Alten, von J. J. Bachofen, Basel 1859
Creators: name: Bellermann, Christian Friedrich
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Versuch über die Gräbersymbolik der Alten, von J. J. Bachofen, Mitgl. des Archäolog. Instituts zu Rom. 426 SS. Basel 1859. Mit vier Steinabdrucktafeln.
Appendix from Transmission of social status drives cooperation and offspring philopatry
Creators: name: Rodrigues, António M. M.
name: Gardner, Andy
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: The evolution of cooperation depends on two crucial overarching factors: relatedness, which describes the extent to which the recipient shares genes in common with the actor; and quality, which describes the recipient's basic capacity to transmit genes into the future. While most research has focused on relatedness, there is a growing interest in understanding how quality modulates the evolution of cooperation. However, the impact of inheritance of quality on the evolution of cooperation remains largely unexplored, especially in spatially structured populations. Here, we develop a mathematical model to understand how inheritance of quality, in the form of social status, influences the evolution of helping and harming within social groups in a viscous-population setting. We find that: (1) status-reversal transmission, whereby parental and offspring status are negatively correlated, strongly inhibits the evolution of cooperation, with low-status individuals investing less in cooperation and high-status individuals being more prone to harm; (2) transmission of high-status promotes offspring philopatry, with more cooperation being directed towards the higher-dispersal social class; and (3) fertility inequality and inter-generational status inheritance reduce within-group conflict. Overall, our study highlights the importance of considering the different mechanisms of phenotypic inheritance, including social support, and their potential interactions in shaping animal societies.
An Explosively Driven Launcher Capable of 10 km/s Projectile Velocities
Creators: name: Huneault, Justin
name: Loiseau, Jason
name: Hildebrand, Myles T.
name: Higgins, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Launching large (> 1 g) well-characterized projectiles to velocities beyond 10 km/s is of interest for a number of scientific fields but is beyond the reach of current hypervelocity launcher technology. This paper reports the development of an explosively driven light-gas gun that has demonstrated the ability to launch 8 mm diameter, 0.36 g magnesium projectiles to 10.4 km/s. The implosion-driven launcher (IDL) uses the linear implosion of a pressurized tube to shock-compress helium gas to a pressure of \SI{5}{\giga\pascal}, which then expands to propel a projectile to hypervelocity. The launch cycle of the IDL is explored with the use of down-bore velocimetry experiments and a quasi-one-dimensional internal ballistics solver. A detailed overview of the design of the 8 mm launcher is presented, with an emphasis on the unique considerations which arise from the explosively driven propellant compression and the resulting extreme pressures and temperatures. The high average driving pressure results in a launcher that is compact, with a total length typically less than a meter. The possibility to scale the design to larger projectile sizes (25 mm diameter) is demonstrated. Finally, concepts for a modified launch cycle which may allow the IDL to reach significantly greater projectile velocities are explored conceptually and with preliminary experiments.
Search string sensitivity evaluations in systematic reviews – protocol of a cross-disciplinary survey
Creators: name: Yang, Yefeng
name: Lagisz, Malgorzata
name: Young, Sarah
name: Nakagawa, Shinichi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Engineering
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Education
subject: Business
subject: Life Sciences

description: The aim is to evaluate current practices in search string validation/evaluation/testing/benchmarking across disciplines. The project comprises two separate literature surveys using representative samples of recent systematic reviews from two sources to assess current practice.
Reply to the comment on "Quantum priniple of relativity"
Creators: name: Dragan, Andrzej
name: Ekert, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We refute criticisms by Del Santo and Horvat towards our paper "Quantum principle of relativity": most of their counterarguments can be dismissed, and the rest provides further evidence to our claims.
Studien zur Assemblierung der Tat-Translokase von Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Geise, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: membrane protein complexes
subject: twin-arginine-translocation
subject: Escherichia coli
subject: Membranproteinkomplexe
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Das twin-arginine-translocation (Tat)-System transportiert gefaltete Proteine über prokary-otische, plastidäre und einige mitochondriale Membranen. Das Tat-System von Escherichia coli besteht aus den Komponenten TatA/E, TatB und TatC. Diese assemblieren im Laufe des Transportes zu Tat-Komplexen mit unterschiedlichen Molekulargewichten, welche mit zu transportierenden Substraten interagieren können. TatB und TatC stellen zentrale Bestandteile aller bisher beobachteten Tat-Komplexe dar. Jedoch ist weder die Rolle von TatA/E bei der Assemblierung von Tat-Komplexen, noch die Stöchiometrie der einzelnen Komponenten in-nerhalb dieser Komplexe bekannt. Ebenso ist der Mechanismus des Tat-abhängigen Protein-transports ungeklärt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Einflüsse der Tat-Komponenten und Tat-Substrate auf die bekannten Tat-Komplexe sowie auf einen bisher nicht charakterisierten Tat-Komplex untersucht. Hierfür wurden die assemblierten Tat-Komplexe in An- und Abwesenheit einzelner oder mehrerer Komponenten des Tat-Systems mittels BN-PAGE/Western-Blot analysiert. Für die Untersuchung des Einflusses von Tat-Substraten wurde die Substrataffinität der Tat-Komplexe anhand spezieller Aminosäureaustausche modifiziert. Hierbei zeigte sich, dass die Tat-Komponenten TatA/E, TatB und TatC essenziell für die Assemblierung funktionaler Tat-Komplexe sind. Außerdem handelt es sich bei dem zuvor nicht charakterisierten Tat-Komplex um einen TatABC-Komplex. Dieser liegt, in Anwesenheit von TatA, nicht in Assoziation mit Substraten vor. Die TatA-Abhängigkeit sowie die Dissoziation von assoziierten Substraten weisen darauf hin, dass es sich bei dem Tat-Komplex um ein spätes Intermediat des Tat-Translokons handeln könnte. Neben der Charakterisierung und Untersuchung von Tat-Komplexen wurden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit ebenfalls Strategien für die Reinigung von Tat-Komplexen etabliert. Hierbei gelang es, die bisher bekannten TatABC-Komplexe anzureichern. Es konnten weiterhin Rückschlüsse auf die Stabilität verschiedener Tat-Komplexe gezogen werden. So zeigte sich, dass stabilisierende Agenzien wie Saccharose für die Anreicherung vom Tat-Komplex 2 benötigt werden, während Tat-Komplex 1 auch ohne den Zusatz von Saccharose angereichert werden konnte.
Elasticity of compressed microgel suspensions
Creators: name: Romeo, G.
name: Ciamarra, M. Pica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the elasticity of compressed microgel suspensions starting from a core--shell model for the single particle. The mechanical properties of the inner core and of the outer corona are described via the mean field Flory theory, and via the Alexander--de Gennes model for polymer brushes, respectively. The model successfully reproduces experimental measures of the elastic shear modulus up to a constant factor that we rationalize in the jamming perspective.
Survey of Hudson River : letter from the Secretary of War transmitting report of Colonel of Corps of Topographical Engineers relative to the examination and survey of the Hudson River, &c. : January 18, 1844 : read, and laid upon the table
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1844
Subjects: Hydrographic surveying--New York (State)

description: Report of Captain G.W. Hughes of the Corps of Topographical Engineers of his survey and examination of the Hudson River
title: Photocatalytic Activity Indicator Inks for Probing Awide Range of Surfaces
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Mills, Andrew
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2014

description: tThree photocatalyst inks based on the redox dyes, Resazurin (Rz), Basic Blue 66 (BB66) and Acid Violet 7(AV7), are used to assess the photocatalytic activities of a variety of different materials, such as commercial paint, tiles and glass and laboratory made samples of sol–gel coated glass and paint, which collectively exhibit a wide range of activities that cannot currently be probed by any one of the existing ISO tests.Unlike the ISO tests, the ink tests are fast (typicallymin), simple to employ and inexpensive. Previous work indicates that the Rz ink test at least correlates linearly with other photocatalytic tests such as thephotomineralisation of stearic acid. The average time to bleach 90% of the key RGB colour componentof the ink, red for Rz and BB66 inks and green for AV7 ink, is determined, ttb(90), for eight samples ofeach of the different materials tested. Five laboratories conducted the tests and the results revealed an average repeatability and reproducibility of: ca. 11% and ca 21%, respectively, which compare well with those reported for the current ISO tests. Additional work on commercial self-cleaning glass using an Rzink showed that the change in the red component of the RGB image of the ink correlated linearly with that of the change of absorbance at 608 nm, as measured using UV/vis spectroscopy, and the change in the a* component of the Lab colour analysis of the ink, as measured using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.As a consequence, all three methods generate the same ttb(90). The advantages of the RGB digital image analysis method are discussed briefly.
title: Why AI is an opportunity rather than a danger
Creators: name: Gamage, Vihanga
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: The solar system is full of debris and rocks floating around. A meteor shower or a shooting star is debris burning up upon entry to the atmosphere. On occasion, pieces of rock make it all the way through. A much larger rock that could make its way through is an asteroid. About 66 million years ago, the impact from an asteroid brought about the Cretaceous extinction. A repetition of this event is theoretically possible - and the same could be said about all-powerful Artificial Intelligence Overlords marginalising the human race.
Higgstory repeats itself
Creators: name: Strumia, Alessandro
name: Tetradis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a scalar potential with two minima, one of which is arbitrarily deep, such as could be the case for the Higgs potential in the Standard Model. A recent calculation within the thin-wall approximation [arXiv:2205.10240] concludes that regions in which the scalar field takes values beyond the top of the potential barrier are forced by gravity to collapse, while they remain hidden behind a black hole horizon. We show that the thin-wall approximation is not applicable to this problem. We clarify the issue through numerical and analytical solutions to the field equations of the gravity-scalar system. We find that regions around the deeper minimum expand, and would thereby engulf the Universe in post-inflationary cosmology. We also show that black holes with Higgs hair are unstable. Even though the physics of the true vacuum is different, our final conclusion replicates the earlier `Higgstory' paper [arXiv:1505.04825].
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. Typo in eq. (16) fixed
Detection of plasma fluctuations in white-light images of the outer solar corona: investigation of the spatial and temporal evolution
Creators: name: Telloni, D.
name: Ventura, R.
name: Romano, P.
name: Spadaro, D.
name: Antonucci, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work focus on the first results on the identification and characterization of periodic plasma density fluctuations in the outer corona, observed in STEREO-A COR1 white-light image time series. A 2D reconstruction of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the coronal fluctuation power has been performed over the whole plane of the sky, from 1.4 to 4.0 solar radii. The adopted diagnostic tool is based on wavelet transforms. This technique, with respect to the standard Fourier analysis, has the advantage of localizing non-persistent fluctuating features and exploring the variations of the relating wavelet power in both space and time. The map of the variance of the coronal brightness clearly outlines intermittent, spatially coherent fluctuating features, localized along, or adjacent to, the strongest magnetic field lines. In most cases they do not correspond to the coronal structures visible in the brightness maps. The results obtained provide a scenario in which the solar corona shows quasi-periodic, non-stationary density variations characterized by a wide range of temporal and spatial scales and strongly confined by the magnetic field topology. In addition, structures fluctuating with larger power are larger in size and evolve more slowly. The characteristic periodicities of the fluctuations are comparable to their lifetimes. This suggests either that plasma fluctuations lasting only one or two wave periods and initially characterized by a single dominant periodicity, rapidly decay into a turbulent mixed flow via nonlinear interactions with other plasma modes, or that they are damped by thermal conduction. [...]
Symplectic Dirac operators on Hermitian symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Brasch, Steffen
name: Habermann, Katharina
name: Habermann, Lutz
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operators
subject: Dirac operators
subject: Hermitian symmetric spaces
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: We describe the shape of the Symplectic Dirac operators on Hermitian symmetric spaces. For this, we consider these operators as families of operators that can be handled more easily than the original ones.
Herstellung von löslichem murinem Stem Cell Factor in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Bals, Carola
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Stem cell factor
subject: Fusionsprotein
subject: inclusion bodies
subject: Thioredoxin
subject: fusion protein
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
title: Growth of well-defined ZnO microparticles by hydroxide ion
titleType: Other
Creators: name: McBride, Ruth
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2003

description: The morphology of the microcrystalline zinc oxide formed by reaction of zinc salts with sodium hydroxide depends critically on the reaction conditions. To understand this, the nature of the solid product has been probed by scanning electron microcopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the concentration of zinc remaining in the solution has been determined at regular intervals throughout the reaction. Two general preparative procedures have been followed. The first, which involves simply heating an aqueous solution containing Zn(NO3)2 (0.025 M) and sodium hydroxide (0.375 M) to 101 uC and maintaining it at that temperature for periods of up to 8 hours, produces star-like microcrystals. The star-like morphology is apparently caused by multiple crystal twinning at the onset of growth, and the size and shape of the microcrystals have been found to be affected by both the reaction stoichiometry and the type of zinc salt ; counterion. In the second method, which produces needles of zinc oxide (lengths up to 6 mm—aspect ratio w6), the reagents are stirred at room temperature for two hours before heating the mixture to 101 oC andmaintaining it at that temperature for up to 24 hours. Pre-stirring allows the formation of Zn(OH)2, which is shown by XRD and SEM to transform to ZnO upon heating.
Atom Based Vector Microwave Electrometry Using Rubidium Rydberg Atoms in a Vapor Cell
Creators: name: Sedlacek, J.
name: Schwettmann, A.
name: Kübler, Harald
name: Shaffer, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is clearly important to pursue atomic standards for quantities like electromagnetic fields, time, length and gravity. We have recently shown, using Rydberg states, that Rb atoms in a vapor cell can serve as a practical, compact standard for microwave electric field strength. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that Rb atoms excited in a vapor cell can also be used for vector microwave electrometry by using Rydberg atom electromagnetically induced transparency. We describe the measurements necessary to obtain an arbitrary microwave electric field polarization at a resolution of $0.5^\circ$. The experiments are compared to theory and found to be in excellent agreement.