cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A complete spectroscopic catalogue of local galaxies in the Northern spring sky -- Gas properties and nuclear activity in different environments
Creators: name: Cattorini, Federico
name: Gavazzi, Giuseppe
name: Boselli, Alessandro
name: Fossati, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of providing the complete demography of galaxies in the local Universe, including their nuclear properties, we present SPRING, a complete census of local galaxies limited to the spring quarter of the Northern sky (10h< RA <16h; 0< Dec <65). The SPRING catalogue is a flux- and volume-limited sample (r < 17.7 mag, cz < 10000 km/s) of 30597 galaxies, including the Virgo, Coma and A1367 clusters. To inspect possible secular and environmental dependencies of the various nuclear excitation properties (SF vs. AGN), we perform a multidimensional analysis by dividing the sample according to (i) their position in the (NUV-i) vs. M* diagram,(ii) local galaxy density, (iii) stellar-mass, (iv) halo-mass of the group to which galaxies belong, and (v) neutral Hydrogen content. We present a new calibration of the optical diameter-based HI-deficiency parameter employing a reference sample of isolated galaxies. At intermediate distances between Virgo and Coma, we identify a ring-like structure of galaxies constituted by three large filaments. The fraction of HI-deficient galaxies within the filament suggests that filaments are a transitioning environment between field and cluster in terms of HI content. We classify the nuclear spectra according to the four-line BPT and the two-line WHAN diagrams, and investigate the variation in the fraction of AGN with stellar-mass, as well as their colours and environments. In general, we observe that the mass-dependency of the fraction of Seyfert nuclei is little sensitive to the environment, whereas the fraction of star-forming nuclei is a steeper function of M* in lower-density environments and in blue-cloud galaxies. We find that the fraction of LINERs depends on galaxy colour and, for logM* > 9.5-10, increases in galaxies belonging to the green valley.
description: 26 pages, 22 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Internship : : becoming a doctor
Creators: name: Chazan, Lynette S.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Electrochemically Grown ZnO Nanorods as Antireflective Layer for Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells in n-i-p Configuration
Creators: name: Nowak, R.-E.
name: Juilfs, M.
name: Geißendörfer, S.
name: Vehse, M.
name: Von Maydell, K.
name: Agert, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1933-1936
description: Light management concepts for the improvement of the absorption in silicon thin-film solar cells in n-i-p configuration mainly focus on the modification of the rear surface and are often expensive or limited to laboratory scale. In this work, we use electrochemical deposition to grow a ZnO nanorod antireflective layer on the front surface in n-i-p type silicon thin-film solar cells in different configurations (a-Si:H on glass, μc-Si:H on flexible metal substrate and a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem cells on glass). Our results show an enhanced quantum efficiency by implementation of the nanorod antireflective layer. As no deposition chambers and high temperatures are needed, the process is cost-effective and can be applied on industrial scale. Although the nanorods are grown directly on the terminated cell in aqueous solution, the electrical properties of the cell are not deteriorated by the deposition step.
The Topo-trigger: a new concept of stereo trigger system for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes
Creators: name: López-Coto, Rubén
name: Mazin, Daniel
name: Paoletti, Riccardo
name: Bigas, Oscar Blanch
name: Cortina, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) such as the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes endeavor to reach the lowest possible energy threshold. In doing so the trigger system is a key element. Reducing the trigger threshold is hampered by the rapid increase of accidental triggers generated by ambient light, the so-called Night Sky Background (NSB). In this paper we present a topological trigger, dubbed Topo-trigger, which rejects events on the basis of their relative orientation in the telescope cameras. We have simulated and tested the trigger selection algorithm in the MAGIC telescopes. The algorithm was tested using MonteCarlo simulations and shows a rejection of 85% of the accidental stereo triggers while preserving 99 % of the gamma rays. A full implementation of this trigger system would achieve an increase in collection area between 10 and 20% at the energy threshold. The analysis energy threshold of the instrument is expected to decrease by ~8 %. The selection algorithm was tested on real MAGIC data taken with the current trigger configuration and no $γ$-like events were found to be lost.
description: Accepted by JInst
Integrated Solar Cell Based on Monocrystalline Si Thin Film Transferred to Low Cost Sintered Si Wafers
Creators: name: Chancerel, F.
name: Boye, Y.
name: Sun, G.
name: Sow, A
name: Brette, J.-B.
name: Sionneau, B.
name: Malinge, A.
name: Straboni, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1937-1940
description: S’Tile Company is developing busbar free integrated solar cell (i-Cell®) which consists of several small area sub-cells connected in series by screen printing, allowing production of low current and high voltage solar cells. These i-Cells are fabricated from mono-equivalent (Mono-EQ®) wafers made by bonding monocrytalline Si (mono-Si) thin foil (25 μm) onto low cost substrates sintered from upgraded metallurgical (uMG) Si powders. This technology combines the high efficiency of mono-Si absorber and cost effectiveness of sintered Si substrate. In this paper, we will present the state of the art of i-Cell development at S’Tile, including the cell structure, the fabrication processes, the electrical characterization, the cost of i-Cell modules.
Short-Term and Long-Term Morbidity after Radical Cystectomy in Patients with NMIBC and Comparison with MIBC: Identifying Risk Factors for Severe Short-Term Complications
Creators: name: Haas, Maximilian
name: Knobloch, Charlotte
name: Mayr, Roman
name: Gierth, Michael
name: Pickl, Christoph
name: Engelmann, Simon
name: Denzinger, Stefan
name: Burger, Maximilian
name: Breyer, Johannes
name: Holbach, Sonja
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cystectomy, Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, Complications, Morbidity, Bladder carcinoma, Urothelial neoplasm
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Introduction: RC represents a viable treatment option for certain NMIBC patients. However, studies investigating morbidity in the context of RC for NMIBC are scarce. The goal of the current study was to assess and compare morbidity after RC performed in patients with NMIBC and patients with MIBC and to identify risk factors for severe short-term complications. Methods: Medical records of 521 patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into patients with NMIBC and patients with MIBC. The groups were compared and risk factors for severe complications were identified. Results: RC for NMIBC was performed in 123 patients (23.6%). Histological upstaging was seen in 47 NMIBC patients (38.2%) and in 231 MIBC patients (58%, p < 0.001). OS was 29.8% and CSS was 15.5%. Both endpoints were higher for RC for MIBC (p < 0.001). More complications affecting the urinary diversion were seen with RC for NMIBC (p = 0.033) and more continent urinary diversions (p = 0.040) were performed in those patients. Obesity (p = 0.008), a higher ASA score (p = 0.004), and preoperative medical drug anticoagulation (p = 0.025) were risk factors for severe short-term morbidity after both, RC for NMIBC and for MIBC. Conclusion: Patients who underwent RC for NMIBC are exposed to a comparably high perioperative risk than patients with MIBC. RC seems to be a viable treatment option for certain NMIBC patients with a significant histological upstaging in both groups. In patients with obesity, a high ASA score, and with medical drug anticoagulation, the indication for surgery should be confirmed especially strict and possible treatment alternatives should be considered particularly thorough.
Megaderma lyra E. Geoffroy 1810
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Megaderma
Megaderma lyra

description: Megaderma lyra E. Geoffroy, 1810. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 15:190. TYPE LOCALITY: India, Madras. DISTRIBUTION: Afghanistan to S China, south to Sri Lanka and W Malaysia. SYNONYMS: carnatica, carina, schistacea, sinensis, spectrum.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Graded Index at the TCO/p Interface for Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells Using Nb Doped TiO2
Creators: name: Antony, A.
name: Lluscà, M.
name: Rojas Tarazona, F.
name: Morrone, L.
name: Caballero, A.
name: Asensi, J.M.
name: Andreu, J.
name: Bertomeu, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1941-1943
description: The optical reflection losses at the transparent conducting oxide/a-Si p-layer interface in superstrate
thin film silicon solar cells can be reduced by introducing a TCO having intermediate refractive index value. Nb
doped TiO2 (NTO) with refractive index 2.5 to 2.8 in the visible wavelength range was used to form a graded index
structure at the TCO/p-layer interface. The optimum thickness of the NTO layer to reduce the reflection losses was
found to be around 30 nm. Thin layers of NTO show high optical transmission above 80%, a band gap of 3.62 eV and
a resistivity of 2×10-3 Ω·cm. NTO layers of 20, 30 and 40 nm have been deposited over flat FTO and Asahi U
substrates, and amorphous silicon thin film solar cells were fabricated over this graded TCO stack. The cells over the
flat FTO showed an increase in Voc values when intermediate NTO layer was used. An increase in Jsc value was also
observed for cells with NTO over Asahi U substrate.
Extra-dimensional confinement of quantum particles
Creators: name: Hedin, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A basic theoretical framework is developed in which elementary particles have a component of their wave function extending into higher spatial dimensions. This model postulates an extension of the Schrodinger equation to include a 4th and 5th spatial component. A higher-dimensional simple harmonic oscillator confining potential localizes particles into 3-d space, characterizing the brane tension which confines Standard Model particles to the sub-manifold. Quantum effects allow a non-zero probability for a particle's evanescent existence in the higher dimensions, and suggest an experimental test for the validity of this model via particles being temporarily excited into the first excited state of the extra-dimensional potential well, in which their probability of existing in 3-d space transiently drops to zero. Several consistency checks of the outcomes of this extra-dimensional model are included in this paper. Among the outcomes of this model are: a match with the quantum phenomenon of zitterbewegung; the predicted intrinsic spin angular momentum is of order h/2Pi; the magnetic moment of the electron is determined with a gyromagnetic ratio of 2; the nuclear force hard core radius is accurately predicted; the ratio of the up and down quark masses is found to be mu/md=0.56, consistent with QCD theory; a self-consistent derivation of special relativistic effects is given; possible explanations of the Planck mass and Planck length, and a possible explanation of the origin of electric charge. In addition, a simple application of higher-dimensional particle effects to the astrophysics of stars is briefly examined, showing that radical physical inconsistencies are not evident. Finally, this model suggests a possible explanation of dark matter as the fractional probability manifestations of a ladder of the higher-dimensional symmetric excited states of ordinary particles.
Quadripartite bond length rule applied to two prototypical aromatic and antiaromatic molecules
Creators: name: Wolanski, Lukasz
name: Grochala, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2000, a remarkably simple relationship was introduced, which connected the calculated geometries of isomolecular states of three different multiplicities. These encompass a ground singlet state, the first excited triplet state, as well as related radical anion and radical cation. The rule allows prediction of geometry of one of the species if the three remaining ones are known. Here, we verify applicability of this bond length rule for two small planar cyclic organic molecules, i.e. benzene and cyclobutadiene, which stand as prototypical examples of, respectively, aromatic and antiaromatic systems. We see that the rule works fairly well to benzene and it works independently for quinoid as well as for anti-quinoid minima, and despite the fact that radical anion species poses challenges for correct theoretical description.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, and electronic supplement of 31 pages
Epitaxial Growth of Silicon Thin Films by Low Temperature RF-PECVD from SiF4/H2/Ar
Creators: name: Léal, R.
name: Dornstetter, J.-C.
name: Haddad, F.
name: Bruneau, B.
name: Cariou, R.
name: Chen, W.
name: Cosme Bolanos, I.
name: Poulain, G.
name: Maurice, J.-L.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1959-1962
description: Diffused emitters have shown their limitations in the way to achieve high efficiency solar cells especially as a result of difficulties to make thin and sharp junctions. Epitaxial emitters are a good solution to tackle these drawbacks, but so far no solar cells have even reached diffused emitters solar cells efficiency in spite of better potential. However most of suggested processes used for this application are based on APCVD or LPCVD. These high temperature processes induce thermal stress in the c-Si wafer and as a consequence carriers lifetime strongly decreases. We describe here how to perform low temperature (~200 °C) epitaxy by standard RF-PECVD from SiF4/H2/Ar mixtures. By studying process parameters such as H2 depletion in the plasma and ion bombardment energy, we are able to optimize the process conditions to perform epitaxy. Crystalline thin films have been characterized by in situ and ex situ ellipsometry, then TEM and electron diffraction have been used to assess ellipsometry measurement, revealing an epitaxy with good structural properties. Further work is under way to characterize the electronic properties and to dope these epi-layers.
Inflammatory bowel disease, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Creators: name: Weigall, Susan.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Interface Engineering by Using Germanium Carbon Layer at the TCO/p Interface in Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Li, G.
name: Li, H.
name: Ho, J.
name: Wong, M.
name: Kwok, H.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1897-1899
description: We present a method based on using germanium carbon alloy as the TCO/p interfacial layer to enhance the performance of the silicon thin film solar cells and modules. The presence of the germanium carbon interfacial layer can minimize the potential barrier as well as the depletion width, which contribute to the improvement of FF and Voc; meanwhile, the loss in Jsc by previous methods can be eliminated due to the low parasitic absorption and index matching effect of the GeC film. We demonstrate significant improvement of the FF and Voc without loss in Jsc. The efficiency is enhanced by 7% for a-Si solar cell and the result is also successfully applied to the large area production of a-Si and a-Si/μc-Si modules.
Uninformed sacrifice: evidence against long-range alarm transmission in foraging ants exposed to a localized perturbation
Creators: name: Tejera, F.
name: Reyes, A.
name: Altshuler, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well stablished that danger information can be transmitted by ants through relatively small distances, provoking either a state of alarm when they move away from potentially dangerous stimulus, or charge toward it aggressively. There is almost no knowledge if danger information can be transmitted along large distances. In this paper, we perturb leaf cutting ants of the species Atta insularis while they forage in their natural evioronment at a certain point of the foraging line, so ants make a "U" turn to escape from the danger zone and go back to the nest. Our results strongly suggest that those ants do not transmit "danger information" to other nestmates marching towards the danger area. The individualistic behavior of the ants returning from the danger zone results in a depression of the foraging activity due to the systematic sacrifice of non-informed individuals.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Synergy Effect of XRD, Raman, FTIR, UVVIS and Tem Analyses in µc-Si:H and nc-Si Microstructure Determination
Creators: name: Sutta, P.
name: Müllerová, J.
name: Calta, P.
name: Agbo, S.N.
name: Medlin, R.
name: Netrvalová, M.
name: Vavrunková, V.
name: Prušáková, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1955-1958
description: Tandem solar cells based on a-Si:H/mc-Si:H double- or triple-junction technology are very important for silicon thin film approach in order to enhance the efficiency of the cells especially convenient for the residential systems. Because for such systems the mc-Si:H and nc-Si materials have substantial importance, it is necessary to create them as good as possible. In order to obtain the required information about the structural and optical properties of the mc-Si:H and nc-Si films, X-ray diffraction, TEM, Raman and FTIR spectroscopies and UVVis spectrophotometry have to be used. In this study, a-Si:H, mc-Si:H films 300-350 nm in thickness and SiO2/a-Si:H multi-layers 600-650 nm in thickness were deposited by PECVD on Corning glass and crystalline silicon substrates to find out the influence of silane dilution with hydrogen in mc-Si:H films and a-Si:H sub-layer thickness in SiO2/a-Si multi-layered films on the micro-structural and optical properties of the films. The study was focused on the synergy effect of the above mentioned experimental techniques when the more detailed micro-structure changes in the films were carried out and the results were confronted with the optical parameters of the films as spectral refractive indices and absorption coefficients.
Comparison of TIDI Line of Sight Winds with ICON-MIGHTI Measurements
Creators: name: Wu, Chen
name: Ridley, Aaron J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite has been making observations of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region for two decades. The TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) measures the neutral winds using four orthogonal telescopes. In this study, the line of sight (LOS) winds from individual telescopes are compared to the measurements from the Ionospheric Connection Explorer's (ICON's) Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) instrument from 90-100 km altitude during 2020. With the MIGHTI vector winds projected onto the LOS direction of each TIDI telescope, coincidences of the two datasets are found. The four telescopes perform differently and the performance depends on the satellite configuration and local solar zenith angle. Measurements from the coldside telescopes, Telescope 1 (Tel1) and Telescope 2 (Tel2), are better correlated with the MIGHTI winds in general with Tel2 having higher correlation coefficients across all conditions. The performance of Tel1 is comparable to that of Tel2 during backward flight while showing systematic errors larger than the average wind speeds during forward flight. The warmside LOS winds from Telescope 3 (Tel3) and Telescope 4 (Tel4) vary widely in magnitude, especially on the nightside. Compared with MIGHTI winds, the Tel4 measurements have the weakest correlation, while the Tel3 performance is comparable to that of the coldside telescopes during the ascending phase but deteriorates during the descending phase. Based on the TIDI/MIGHTI comparisons, figures of merit are generated to quantify the quality of measurements from individual telescopes in different configurations.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures
Static and Dynamic VHF-Deposition of Microcrystalline Silicon at 140 MHz with Rates Up to 2.5 Nm/s
Creators: name: Strobel, C.
name: Leszczynska, B.
name: Leszczynski, S.
name: Merkel, U.
name: Kuske, J.
name: Fischer, D.D.
name: Albert, M.
name: Holovsky, J.
name: Bartha, J.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1917-1920
description: Microcrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells were deposited by VHF-PECVD at 140 MHz with
absorber layer deposition rates up to 2.5 nm/s. High deposition rates are one possibility to reduce costs in the
manufacturing process of thin-film photovoltaics. Here we achieve high deposition rates by a combination of very
high plasma excitation frequencies (140 MHz) and high power high pressure deposition. The homogeneity of the
deposition is ensured by the linear plasma source concept combined with a dynamic deposition process (moving
substrates). High efficiencies of 9.3 % (9.6 % with AR coating) have been achieved at a deposition rate of 0.8 nm/s.
At higher deposition rates (2.5 nm/s) the efficiency drops to 8.3 % (8.6 % with AR coating) although the absorber
layer defect density is equal to the low rate material as was measured by PDS/FTPS. On the other hand the high rate
material exhibits a pronounced crack formation in the absorber layer as was observed in SEM cross section images.
This study investigates in how far the effect of cracks can be mitigated by different approaches, e.g. using μc-SiOx
doped layers.
High Haze Textured Surface B-Doped ZnO-TCO Films on Chemically Etched Glass Substrates for Si-Based Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Chen, X.-L.
name: Zhang, X.-D.
name: Liu, J.-M.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Fang, J.
name: Ni, J.
name: Zhang, D.-K.
name: Wei, C.-C.
name: Ren, H.-Z.
name: Zhao, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1926-1928
description: Textured glass substrates with crater-like feature sizes of ~5-30 μm were obtained using chemical etching method. Pyramid-like boron-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:B) films with feature sizes of ~300-800 nm were deposited on the etched glass substrates by the metal organic chemical deposition (MOCVD) technique using water (H2O) as an oxidant for diethylzinc (DEZn) and 1%-hydrogen-diluted diborane (B2H6) as a dopant gas. The ZnO:B films on the etched glass (i.e. etched glass/ZnO:B) with micro/nano double textures presented much stronger light-scattering capability than the conventional ZnO:B on the flat glass (i.e. flat glass/ZnO:B) and their electrical properties changed little. Typical etched glass-3R/ZnO:B exhibited a high root mean square (RMS) roughness of ~160 nm. The haze values at the wavelength of 550 nm and 850 nm for etched glass-3R/ZnO:B sample were 61% and 42%, respectively. The high haze etched glass/ZnO:B substrates have potential merits for thin film solar cells.
Avoiding the 4-index transformation in one-body reduced density matrix functional calculations for separable functionals
Creators: name: Giesbertz, Klaas J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the major computational bottlenecks in one-body reduced density matrix (1RDM) functional theory is the evaluation of approximate 1RDM functionals and their derivatives. The reason is that more advanced approximate functionals are almost exclusively defined in the natural orbital basis, so a 4-index transformation of the two-electron integrals appears to be unavoidable. I will show that this is not the case and that so-called separable functionals can be evaluated much more efficiently, i.e. only at cubic cost in the basis size. Since most approximate functionals are actually separable, this new algorithm is an important development to make 1RDM functional theory calculations feasible for large electronic systems.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The effect of superfluid hydrodynamics on pulsar glitch sizes and waiting times
Creators: name: Haskell, Brynmor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar glitches, sudden jumps in frequency observed in many radio pulsars, may be the macroscopic manifestation of superfluid vortex avalanches on the microscopic scale. Small scale quantum mechanical simulations of vortex motion in a decelerating container have shown that such events are possible and predict power-law distributions for the size of the events, and exponential distributions for the waiting time. Despite a paucity of data, this prediction is consistent with the size and waiting time distributions of most glitching pulsars. Nevertheless a few object appear to glitch quasi-periodically, and exhibit many large glitches, while a recent study of the Crab pulsar has suggested a cut-off deviations from a power-law distribution for smaller glitches. In this paper we incorporate the results of quantum mechanical simulations in a macroscopic scale superfluid hydrodynamics simulation. We show that the effect of vortex coupling to the neutron and proton fluids in the neutron star naturally leads to deviations from power-law distributions for sizes and from exponential distributions for waiting times. In particular we predict a cut-off in the size distribution for small glitches.
description: Submitted to MNRAS
Threshold RF Power in Producing Hydrogenated Nano-Crystalline Silicon (nc-Si:H) Thin Films with Constant H2 Flow
Creators: name: Eren, T.
name: Baciogğlu, A.
name: Can, M.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1904-1907
description: We have deposited two sets of hydrogenated nano-crystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) samples in an RFPECVD system with highly H2 diluted SiH4 plasma. For the first set of samples (PS), RF power density was varied from 30 to 90 mWcm-2, with a constant H2 dilution rate of 99 %. We calculated the crystalline ratio, XC, of the samples changing from 0 to 58 %. The second set (HS) includes a systematic decrease of H2 from 99 to 85 %, with a constant RF power density of 60 ± 5 mWcm-2. The crystalline ratio was observed to vary slightly around XC = 30 % and to be weakly dependent of H2 dilution rate. However, the Raman scattering peak due to crystalline formation shifted from the wavenumber kC = 506 to 493 cm-1, for HS samples, where the dilution ratio is decreased. That the crystalline peak is detected for the wavenumbers around 500 cm-1 is interpreted as the nano-crystalline formation and in terms of the existence of a threshold. Depending on the experimental conditions of the reaction, to deposit nanocrystalline silicon we have received a threshold RF power density of ~ 30 mW·cm-2.
Growth Differences of AZO on Different Glass Textures and Their Application in Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lluscà, M.
name: Morrone, L.
name: Caballero, A.
name: Antony, A.
name: Asensi, J.M.
name: Andreu, J.
name: Bertomeu, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1912-1916
description: Texturing of glass substrate instead of using conventional naturally textured transparent conducting oxides
is a good alternative to enhance light absorption in thin film silicon solar cells. In this work, we present textured glass
substrates with two extremely different roughness values (rms =56 nm and rms =146 nm), achieved through the
aluminium induced texturing method. Al-doped ZnO front contacts were deposited over both these textured glasses by
sputtering resulting in a double texture based on U-shape craters for the softer roughness, and a cauliflower-like textured
surface for the higher roughness one. The morphology, structure, optical and electrical properties of the ZnO:Al layers
deposited over these textured glasses are described and the suitability of these textured substrates for thin film Si solar
cells (c-Si p type/ a-Si p-i-n) is also presented.
Solution Growth of Crystalline Si on Glass
Creators: name: Bansen, R.
name: Heimburger, R.
name: Schmidtbauer, J.
name: Teubner, T.
name: Boeck, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1908-1911
description: To achieve low temperature deposition of crystalline silicon on glass for photovoltaic applications, a two-step process has been developed. In the first step, amorphous Si films are crystallized at temperatures around 300 °C by metal-induced crystallization.
In the second step, these seed layers are used as templates for further Si deposition by steady-state solution growth. In contrast to classical liquid phase epitaxy, supersaturation in front of the seed layers is established by a stationary temperature difference between a silicon source and the substrate. Si crystallites in the range of 10 to 50 μm with low impurity concentrations are grown by this technique within 1 to 4 hours. Essential features of steady-state solution growth are comparable to the float glass process in large-scale industrial glass production, which raises hopes for a combined production of glass and thin Si films for solar cells in a continuous process.
We present results for the growth of large-grained Si crystallites on glass from indium and tin solutions, based on characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Development and Investigation of Thin Film Solar Cells on Flexible Substrates Using Very High Frequency Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (VHF-PECVD) Technique
Creators: name: Fischer, D.D.
name: Leszczynska, B.
name: Albert, M.
name: Bartha, J.W.
name: Stephan, U.
name: Kuske, J.
name: Prager, N.
name: Fahland, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1929-1932
description: The development of inexpensive amorphous silicon solar cells fabrication on polymer substrates is
studied in the composite project "FlexSol". Tin doped indium oxide were deposited on polyethylene terephthalat by
magnetron sputtering in a high vacuum chamber. With additional annealing at 140 °C in fine vacuum, sheet
resistances as low as 11 Ω have been achieved. Thereafter, amorphous silicon solar cells are deposited using an inline
very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system at 135 °C and 140 MHz excitation
frequency. Efficiencies on Asahi-U-substrates as high as 8.2 % (JSC=-13.6 mA/cm², UOC=880 mV, FF=69 %) were
achieved. On flexible substrates, efficiencies up to 5.3 % (JSC=-11.0 mA/cm², UOC=864 mV, FF=54 %) were
obtained.
Accelerated Relaxation of Efficiency of Thermally Aged Zn(O,S) Buffered CIGS Devices
Creators: name: Chua, R.H.
name: Teh, L.K.
name: Ng, G.M.
name: Zweigart, S.
name: Vemulamada, P.
name: Wong, L.H.
name: Mhaisalkar, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1872-1875
description: The issue of metastability in Copper Indium Gallium (Di)-Selenide (CIGS) solar cells has been widely reported, although the underlying mechanisms are not yet well understood. It is known that Zinc Oxysulfide (Zn(O,S)) buffered CIGS cells show light- and heat- induced metastabilities. Light soaking improves the cell efficiency; however, storage in the dark relaxes the cells back to a state with distorted current-voltage curves and lower efficiencies. This paper investigates the effect of thermal ageing on metastability for CIGSSe/Zn(O,S) thin-film solar cells. In comparison to the relaxation of the control devices, post-ageing dark storage showed an acceleration of cell efficiency relaxation for devices that underwent 105 °C thermal ageing over 1000 h, which was recoverable with light soaking. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analyses revealed that thermal ageing resulted in an overall increase in the S/S+O ratio of the Zn(O,S) buffer layer. Consequently, this implies a widened band gap of Zn(O,S) and increased conduction band offset at the CIGSSe/Zn(O,S) interface in the aged cells, which impedes charge transport through this interface.
Pulsed-Lamp Crystallization of Nanocrystalline Silicon Thin Films for Solar Cell Application
Creators: name: Yan, B.
name: Dubey, M.
name: Shrestha, M.
name: Fan, Q.
name: Stevenson, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1921-1925
description: The low module efficiency becomes the major limitation for thin film silicon PV penetration in the market. In order to make thin film silicon PV a viable technology, new materials with high mobility and lifetime are needed. Poly-Si made from crystallization is one of the potential absorber layers for high efficiency thin film silicon solar cells. We report the pulsed-lamp crystallization of nc-Si:H films to fabricate poly-Si thin films for solar cell applications. We have systematically optimized the crystallization process of nc-Si:H films deposited using an AKT Gen3 PECVD system under the high power and high pressure regime at high deposition rate of 1 nm/s. We successfully made poly-Si thin films in an area of 10×5 cm2 with a single light pulse. The advantage of using nc-Si:H films over a-Si:H films as the precursors is that the nc-Si:H films have much lower hydrogen content and no de-hydrogen process is needed. The required energy for crystallizing nc-Si:H is also lower than for crystallizing a-Si:H films. We observed two kind of crystallization conditions, one produced fully crystallized poly-Si, and one produced partially crystallized nc-Si:H with increased crystallinity. Issues such as micro-delaminations are also addressed.
Supplementary document for Ultrafast Yb:YAG laser oscillator with gigahertz repetition rate - 6577590.pdf
Creators: name: Seidel, Moritz
name: Pilat, Jérémie
name: Lang, Lukas
name: Phillips, Christopher
name: Keller, Ursula
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Overview of gigahertz solid-state lasers
Megaderma spasma
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Megadermatidae
Megaderma
Megaderma spasma

description: Megaderma spasma (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:32. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Molucca Islands, Ternate. DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka and India through SE Asia to Lesser Sundas, the Philippines and Molucca Isis, various adjacent islands. SYNONYMS: abditum, carimatae, celebensis, ceylonense, horsfieldi, kinabalu, lasiae, majus, medium, minus, naisense, natunae, pangandarana, siumatis, trifolium.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Quantum interaction of sub-relativistic aloof electrons with mesoscopic samples
Creators: name: Ciattoni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic electrons experience very slight wave packet distortion and negligible momentum recoil when interacting with nanometer-sized samples, as a consequence of the ultra-short interaction time. Accordingly, modeling fast electrons as classical point-charges provides extremely accurate theoretical predictions of energy-loss spectra. Here we investigate the aloof interaction of nanometer-sized electron beams of few keV with micron-sized samples, a regime where the classical description generally fails due to significant wavefunction broadening and momentum recoil. To cope with these effects, we use macroscopic quantum electrodynamics to analytically derive a generalized expression for the electron energy loss probability which accounts for recoil. Quantum features of the interaction are shown to get dramatically strong as the interaction length is increased and/or the electron kinetic energy is decreased. Moreover, relatively large values of the energy loss probability are found at higher energy losses and larger impact parameters, a marked quantum effect which is classically forbidden by the evanescent profile of the field produced by a moving point-charge.
Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Thin-film Solar Cells with Zn-based Double Layered Buffers Deposited by CBD and ALD
Creators: name: Kato, T.
name: Kamada, R.
name: Adachi, S.
name: Sugimoto, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1880-1882
description: We have studied Zn-based double layered buffer for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) solar cells to investigate
a possibility of improvements in our Zn-based buffered cells. The first buffer layer, Zn(O,S,OH)x, was deposited by
chemical bath deposition (CBD), and the second buffer layer, Zn(O,S), was deposited by atomic layer deposition
(ALD). By using ALD-Zn(O,S)/CBD-Zn(O,S,OH)x double buffer layer, we found that the open-circuit voltage was
increased by about 10 mV as compared with the one for the cells with the standard CBD-Zn(O,S,OH)x single buffer
layer. On the other hand, when highly resistive ALD-ZnO layer was inserted between the CBD buffer layer and the
ZnO bilayer grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, overall cell performance was improved. These
results indicate there are still rooms to improve our Cd-free CIGS solar cells.
Rhinolophidae Gray 1825
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae

description: Family Rhinolophidae Gray, 1825. Zool. Journ., 2(6):242. SYNONYMS: Hipposideridae. COMMENTS: Includes Hipposideridae (here treated at a subfamily), see Vaughan (1978:39) and Koopman and Jones (1970); but also see Swanepoel et al. (1980:157). Hill (1982) listed Hipposideridae as a distinct family, without comment. Hill and Smith (1984) retained this separation and discussed the question.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Vaughan, T. A. 1978. Mammalogy. Second ed. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 522 pp.", "Koopman, K. F., and J. K. Jones, Jr. 1970. Classification of bats. Pp. 22 - 28, in About bats (B. H. Slaughter and D. W. Walton, eds.). Southern Methodist University Press, Dallas, 339 pp.", "Swanepoel, P., R. H. N. Smithers, and I. L. Rautenbach. 1980. A checklist and numbering system of the extant mammals of the Southern African Subregion. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 32: 155 - 196.", "Hill, J. E., and J. D. Smith. 1984. Bats: A natural history. University of Texas Press, Austin, 243 pp."]}
Toward an Evolutionary-Predictive Foundation for Creativity
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
name: Kauffman, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Dietrich and Haider (2014) justify their integrative framework for creativity founded on evolutionary theory and prediction research on the grounds that "theories and approaches guiding empirical research on creativity have not been supported by the neuroimaging evidence". Although this justification is controversial, the general direction holds promise. This commentary clarifies points of disagreement and unresolved issues, and addresses mis-applications of evolutionary theory that lead the authors to adopt a Darwinian (versus Lamarckian) approach. To say that creativity is Darwinian is not to say that it consists of variation plus selection---in the everyday sense of the term---as the authors imply; it is to say that evolution is occurring because selection is affecting the distribution of randomly generated heritable variation across generations. In creative thought the distribution of variants is not key, i.e., one is not inclined toward idea A because 60% of one's candidate ideas are variants of A while only 40% are variants of B; one is inclined toward whichever seems best. The authors concede that creative variation is partly directed; however, the greater the extent to which variants are generated non-randomly, the greater the extent to which the distribution of variants can reflect not selection but the initial generation bias. Since each thought in a creative process can alter the selective criteria against which the next is evaluated, there is no demarcation into generations as assumed in a Darwinian model. We address the authors' claim that reduced variability and individuality are more characteristic of Lamarckism than Darwinian evolution, and note that a Lamarckian approach to creativity has addressed the challenge of modeling the emergent features associated with insight.
description: 13 pages; 1 figure
The effect of cities and distance on COVID-19 spreading in the United States
Creators: name: McMahon, Troy
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Gallos, Lazaros K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved over time through multiple spatial and temporal dynamics. The varying extent of interactions among different geographical areas can result to a complex pattern of spreading so that influences between these areas can be hard to discern. Here, we use cross-correlation analysis to detect synchronous evolution and potential inter-influences in the time evolution of new COVID-19 cases at the county level in the USA. Our analysis identified two main time periods with distinguishable features in the behavior of correlations. In the first phase, there were few strong correlations which only emerged between urban areas. In the second phase of the epidemic, strong correlations became widespread and there was a clear directionality of influence from urban to rural areas. In general, the effect of distance between two counties was much weaker than that of the counties population. Such analysis can provide possible clues on the evolution of the disease and may identify parts of the country where intervention may be more efficient in limiting the disease spread.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Effects of Large-Area PECVD Process on the Property of a-SiGe Thin Films
Creators: name: Liu, S.
name: Zhu, D.
name: Li, W.
name: Zheng, J.
name: Wang, S.
name: Huang, H.
name: Lu, C.
name: Niu, X.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1883-1885
description: Amorphous silicon germanium (a-SiGe) thin film and single solar cell are grown by plasma enhanced
chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) on the large area glass substrates with size of 1.1 m×1.3 m. The effects of
germane flow ratio (RGe), hydrogen dilution ratio (RH), power and pressure on the optical bandgap (Eg) and
deposition rate of a-SiGe thin film are investigated systematically. The high performance a-SiGe single cell with a
proper Eg i-layer is developed by adjusting the PECVD process parameters. the quantum efficiency of a-SiGe cell is
up to 18.9% at 800 nm and fill factor (FF) is more than 0.62.
A multicentre pilot study examining aspects of the reliability and validity of the Bethlem mother-infant interaction scale
Creators: name: Stocky, Andrew
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

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