cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometric limits of Mandelbrot and Julia sets under degree growth
Creators: name: Boyd, Suzanne Hruska
name: Schulz, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10

description: First, for the family P_{n,c}(z) = z^n + c, we show that the geometric limit of the Mandelbrot sets M_n(P) as n tends to infinity exists and is the closed unit disk, and that the geometric limit of the Julia sets J(P_{n,c}) as n tends to infinity is the unit circle, at least when the modulus of c is not one. Then we establish similar results for some generalizations of this family; namely, the maps F_{t,c} (z) = z^t+c for real t>= 2, and the rational maps R_{n,c,a} (z) = z^n + c + a/z^n.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures (34 pic files), submitted
Holographic fermions in asymptotically scaling geometries with hyperscaling violation
Creators: name: Fan, Zhong-Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate holographic fermions in general asymptotically scaling geometries with hyperscaling violation exponent $θ$, which is a natural generalization of fermions in Lifshitz spacetime. We prove that the retarded Green functions in this background satisfy the ARPES (angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy) sum rules by introducing a dynamical source on a UV brane for zero density fermionic systems. The big difference from the Lifshitz case is that the mass of probe fermions decoupled from the UV theory and thus has no longer been restricted by unitarity bound. We also study finite density fermions at finite temperature, with dynamical exponent $z=2$. We find that the dispersion relation is linear but the logarithm of the spectral function is not linearly related to the logarithm of $k_\bot =k-k_F$, independent of charge $q$ and $θ$. Furthermore, we show that with the increasing of charge, new branches of Fermi surfaces emerge and tend to gathering together to form a shell-like structure when the charge reaches some critical value beyond which a wide band pattern appears in the momentum-charge plane. However, all sharp peaks will be smoothed out when $θ$ increases, no matter how much large the charge is.
description: 16pages,6figures
Digital Intimidation against Environmental Defenders
Creators: name: Stolle, Lien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental Defenders
Digital intimidation

description: This poster provides an overview of the current phase of my research on the use of digital intimidation to silence environmental defenders. Digital technologies are becoming increasingly important to environmental defenders, both in terms of the tools that facilitate speaking and/or campaigning and in terms of the (digital) risks they face from their involvement. There is growing concern about the use of various forms of online and technology-facilitated forms of harassment or "digital intimidation" against environmental defenders. If left unexamined, this could ultimately limit the public debate on environmental issues. My research seeks to understand the use of such digital intimidation against environmental defenders and analyzes the existing legal framework for its potential to provide protection against such intimidation. This poster briefly discusses my research into the concept of digital intimidation, my analysis of the Aarhus Convention and its applicability to digital intimidation, and also briefly discusses the survey that I conducted.
On diffeomorphisms of compact 2-manifolds with all nonwandering points periodic
Creators: name: Boyd, Suzanne
name: Guirao, Juan L. G.
name: Hero, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B20, 37E30

description: The aim of the present paper is to study conditions under which all the non-wandering points are periodic points, for a discrete dynamical system of two variables defined on a compact manifold. We include a survey of known results in all dimensions, and study the remaining open question in dimension two. We present two results, one positive and one negative. The negative result: we construct a Kupka--Smale diffeomorphism in $\mathbb{R}^2$ (which can be extended to a diffeomorphism of the sphere) with a closed set of periodic points that differs from the set of nonwandering points. The positive result: we present a condition on the widely studied Hénon family which guarantees that all nonwandering points are periodic. Finally, we close by describing what future work may be needed to resolve our broad goals.
description: 9 pages, submitted
Coarse Homotopy Groups
Creators: name: Mitchener, Paul D.
name: Norouzizadeh, Behnam
name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note on coarse geometry we revisit coarse homotopy. We prove that coarse homotopy indeed is an equivalence relation, and this in the most general context of abstract coarse structures. We introduce (in a geometric way) coarse homotopy groups. The main result is that the coarse homotopy groups of cone of a compact simplicial complex coincide with the usual homotopy groups of the underlying compact simplicial complex. To prove this we develop geometric triangulation techniques for cones which we expect to be of relevance also in different contexts.
description: 26 pages. v3: few typos corrected. Version to appear in Mathematische Nachrichten
Leading components in forward elastic hadron scattering: Derivative dispersion relations and asymptotic uniqueness
Creators: name: Fagundes, D. A.
name: Menon, M. J.
name: Silva, P. V. R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forward amplitude analyses constitute an important approach in the investigation of the energy dependence of the total hadronic cross-section $σ_{tot}$ and the $ρ$ parameter. The standard picture indicates for $σ_{tot}$ a leading log-squared dependence at the highest c.m. energies, in accordance with the Froissart-Lukaszuk-Martin bound. Beyond this log-squared (L2) leading dependence, other amplitude analyses have considered a log-raised-to-gamma form (L$γ$), with $γ$ as a real free fit parameter. In this case, analytic connections with $ρ$ can be obtained either through dispersion relations (derivative forms), or asymptotic uniqueness (Phragmén-Lindelöff theorems). In this work we present a detailed discussion on the similarities and mainly the differences between the Derivative Dispersion Relation (DDR) and Asymptotic Uniqueness (AU) approaches and results, with focus on the L$γ$ and L2 leading terms. We also develop new Regge-Gribov fits with updated dataset on $σ_{tot}$ and $ρ$ from $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ scattering, in the region 5 GeV-8 TeV. The recent tension between the TOTEM and ATLAS results at 7 TeV and mainly 8 TeV is considered in the data reductions. Our main conclusions are: (1) all fit results present agreement with the experimental data analyzed and the goodness-of-fit is slightly better in case of the DDR approach; (2) by considering only the TOTEM data at the LHC region, the fits with L$γ$ indicate $γ\sim 2.0\pm 0.2$ (AU) and $γ\sim 2.3\pm 0.1$ (DDR); (3) by including the ATLAS data the fits provide $γ\sim 1.9\pm 0.1$ (AU) and $γ\sim 2.2\pm 0.2$ (DDR); (4) in the formal and practical contexts, the DDR approach is more adequate for the energy interval investigated than the AU approach. A review on the analytic results for $σ_{tot}$ and $ρ$ from the Regge-Gribov, DDR and AU approaches is presented.
description: 41 pages, 3 tables, 8 figures, misprints corrected, matches published version
A note on the Nielsen realization problem for K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Baraglia, David
name: Konno, Hokuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We will show the following three theorems on the diffeomorphism and homeomorphism groups of a $K3$ surface. The first theorem is that the natural map $π_{0}(Diff(K3)) \to Aut(H^{2}(K3;\mathbb{Z}))$ has a section over its image. The second is that, there exists a subgroup $G$ of $π_{0}(Diff(K3))$ of order two over which there is no splitting of the map $Diff(K3) \to π_{0}(Diff(K3))$, but there is a splitting of $Homeo(K3) \to π_{0}(Homeo(K3))$ over the image of $G$ in $π_{0}(Homeo(K3))$, which is non-trivial. The third is that the map $π_{1}(Diff(K3)) \to π_{1}(Homeo(K3))$ is not surjective. Our proof of these results is based on Seiberg-Witten theory and the global Torelli theorem for $K3$ surfaces.
description: 8 pages
A Method of Determining Excited-States for Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Jouzdani, P.
name: Bringuier, S.
name: Kostuk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented in which the ground-state subspace is projected out of a Hamiltonian representation. As a result of this projection, an effective Hamiltonian is constructed where its ground-state coincides with an excited-state of the original problem. Thus, low-lying excited-state energies can be calculated using existing hybrid-quantum classical techniques and variational algorithm(s) for determining ground-state. The method is shown to be fully valid for the H2 molecule. In addition, conditions for the method's success are discussed in terms of classes of Hamiltonians.
Foreseen environmental and economic potentials of highly rubberised and Impact-Absorbing cold asphalt
Creators: name: Makoundou, Christina
name: Ardefors, Fredrik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 400504
subject: Construction engineering
classificationCode: 400512
subject: Transport engineering
classificationCode: 339999
subject: Other built environment and design not elsewhere classified

description: As part of the innovative solutions being developed, the concept of Impact-Absorbing Pavement(IAP) has grown to protect the Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) against the injuries caused bytheir falls on the pavement while making the most of the circular use of Tyres. The laboratorydeveloped asphalt is highly inspired by already existing playgrounds. Yet, it contains recycledrubber and asphalt binder such as the traditional asphalt (or rubber asphalt) and is producedwith the dry process. The material’s main change is the amount of rubber used that surpasses34% of rubber’s weight, thus 56% in volume.The project has been developed through a collaboration between Italian and Swedishinstitutions. After interesting laboratory results were obtained, a field trial was foreseen toevaluate the resistance of the newly produced material. The calculations and discussions weremade to study this mix design from an upscaled point of view.This study evaluates the foreseen environmental and economic potentials of this solution toupscale the possible production and construction thanks to available data and reports on tirewaste management. In this manuscript, it is highlighted that the rubber is recycled andsustainable. Nonetheless, it also maintains many qualities such as shock and sound absorbencyand elasticity that are indispensable for a VRUs protecting pavement.Since the usage of recycled rubber in this developed asphalt is above 50% in volume, it isinteresting to assess the economic impact, and thus a circular economy study is initiated. Dataand information about recycled tires usage in European countries, especially Sweden and Italy,are mainly used.In the next future, the crucial goal is to propose a full Life-cycle Analysis (LCA) to implementsuch material in future cities and communities to make them more sustainable and livableplaces for people.
The Wehrl entropy has Gaussian optimizers
Creators: name: De Palma, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46B28, 46N50, 81P45, 81V80, 94A15

description: We determine the minimum Wehrl entropy among the quantum states with a given von Neumann entropy, and prove that it is achieved by thermal Gaussian states. This result determines the relation between the von Neumann and the Wehrl entropies. The key idea is proving that the quantum-classical channel that associates to a quantum state its Husimi Q representation is asymptotically equivalent to the Gaussian quantum-limited amplifier with infinite amplification parameter. This equivalence also permits to determine the p->q norms of the aforementioned quantum-classical channel in the two particular cases of one mode and p=q, and prove that they are achieved by thermal Gaussian states. The same equivalence permits to prove that the Husimi Q representation of a one-mode passive state (i.e. a state diagonal in the Fock basis with eigenvalues decreasing as the energy increases) majorizes the Husimi Q representation of any other one-mode state with the same spectrum, i.e. it maximizes any convex functional.
description: Proof extended to multimode states
Decision-making with multiple correlated binary outcomes in clinical trials
Creators: name: Kavelaars, X. M.
name: Mulder, J.
name: Kaptein, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clinical trials often evaluate multiple outcome variables to form a comprehensive picture of the effects of a new treatment. The resulting multidimensional insight contributes to clinically relevant and efficient decision-making about treatment superiority. Common statistical procedures to make these superiority decisions with multiple outcomes have two important shortcomings however: 1) Outcome variables are often modeled individually, and consequently fail to consider the relation between outcomes; and 2) superiority is often defined as a relevant difference on a single, on any, or on all outcomes(s); and lacks a compensatory mechanism that allows large positive effects on one or multiple outcome(s) to outweigh small negative effects on other outcomes. To address these shortcomings, this paper proposes 1) a Bayesian model for the analysis of correlated binary outcomes based on the multivariate Bernoulli distribution; and 2) a flexible decision criterion with a compensatory mechanism that captures the relative importance of the outcomes. A simulation study demonstrates that efficient and unbiased decisions can be made while Type I error rates are properly controlled. The performance of the framework is illustrated for 1) fixed, group sequential, and adaptive designs; and 2) non-informative and informative prior distributions.
Breit-Wigner distribution, quantum beats and GSI Anomaly
Creators: name: Hosseini, M. S.
name: Alavi, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between Breit-Wigner distribution as an underlying basis for decaying unstable quantum systems and GSI experiment (anomaly) has not been addressed properly in the literatures. We show that quantum beats can be obtained using a superposition of two Breit-Wigner distributions. This modified distribution can explain the GSI time anomaly with quantum beats resulting from the existence of two energy levels of the decaying ion.
description: 7 pages, 2 Figure
Approximate Bayesian inference as a gauge theory
Creators: name: Sengupta, Biswa
name: Friston, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a published paper [Sengupta, 2016], we have proposed that the brain (and other self-organized biological and artificial systems) can be characterized via the mathematical apparatus of a gauge theory. The picture that emerges from this approach suggests that any biological system (from a neuron to an organism) can be cast as resolving uncertainty about its external milieu, either by changing its internal states or its relationship to the environment. Using formal arguments, we have shown that a gauge theory for neuronal dynamics -- based on approximate Bayesian inference -- has the potential to shed new light on phenomena that have thus far eluded a formal description, such as attention and the link between action and perception. Here, we describe the technical apparatus that enables such a variational inference on manifolds. Particularly, the novel contribution of this paper is an algorithm that utlizes a Schild's ladder for parallel transport of sufficient statistics (means, covariances, etc.) on a statistical manifold.
description: Extended version published in PLoS Biology, ICML 2017 Computational Biology Workshop (spotlight presentation)
Bootstrapping string theory on AdS$_5 \times S^5$
Creators: name: Drummond, J. M.
name: Paul, H.
name: Santagata, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make an ansatz for the Mellin representation of the four-point amplitude of half-BPS operators of arbitrary charges at order $λ^{-\frac{5}{2}}$ in an expansion around the supergravity limit. Crossing symmetry and a set of constraints on the form of the spectrum uniquely fix the amplitude and double-trace anomalous dimensions at this order. The results exhibit a number of natural patterns which suggest that the bootstrap approach outlined here will extend to higher orders in a simple way.
description: 6 pages; v2: improved discussion of spectrum constraints, 2 figures added, published version
Non-linear Neurons with Human-like Apical Dendrite Activations
Creators: name: Georgescu, Mariana-Iuliana
name: Ionescu, Radu Tudor
name: Ristea, Nicolae-Catalin
name: Sebe, Nicu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to classify linearly non-separable data, neurons are typically organized into multi-layer neural networks that are equipped with at least one hidden layer. Inspired by some recent discoveries in neuroscience, we propose a new model of artificial neuron along with a novel activation function enabling the learning of nonlinear decision boundaries using a single neuron. We show that a standard neuron followed by our novel apical dendrite activation (ADA) can learn the XOR logical function with 100% accuracy. Furthermore, we conduct experiments on six benchmark data sets from computer vision, signal processing and natural language processing, i.e. MOROCO, UTKFace, CREMA-D, Fashion-MNIST, Tiny ImageNet and ImageNet, showing that the ADA and the leaky ADA functions provide superior results to Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), leaky ReLU, RBF and Swish, for various neural network architectures, e.g. one-hidden-layer or two-hidden-layer multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) such as LeNet, VGG, ResNet and Character-level CNN. We obtain further performance improvements when we change the standard model of the neuron with our pyramidal neuron with apical dendrite activations (PyNADA). Our code is available at: https://github.com/raduionescu/pynada.
description: Accepted for publication in Applied Intelligence
Quantum Signaling in Relativistic Motion and Across Acceleration Horizons
Creators: name: Jonsson, Robert H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum channel between two particle detectors provides a prototype framework for the study of wireless quantum communication via relativistic quantum fields. In this article we calculate the classical channel capacity between two Unruh-DeWitt detectors arising from couplings within the perturbative regime. To this end, we identify the detector states which achieve maximal signal strength. We use these results to investigate the impact of relativistic effects on signaling between detectors in inertial and uniformly accelerated motion which communicate via a massless field in Minkowski spacetime.
description: v3: correction of Eq.(53) and Fig.5; v2: update to published version
On Miura maps for W-superalgebras
Creators: name: Nakatsuka, Shigenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the injectivity of the Miura maps for W-superalgberas and the isomorphisms between the Poisson vertex superalgebras obtained as the associated graded of the W-superalgebras in terms of the Li's filtration and the level 0 Poisson vertex superalgebras associated with the arc spaces of the corresponding Slodowy slices in full generality.
description: 19 pages, final version
BESOCIAL: A Knowledge Graph for Social Media Archiving
Creators: name: Lieber, Sven
name: Van Assche, Dylan
name: Chambers, Sally
name: Messens, Fien
name: Geeraert, Friedel
name: Birkholz, Julie M.
name: Dimou, Anastasia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: BESOCIAL
social media
social media archiving
digital preservation
workflow
RDF
Linked Data
W3C PROV

description: The presentation of our paper "BESOCIAL: A Sustainable Knowledge Graph-based Workflow for Social Media Archiving" presented at the SEMANTiCS EU conference 2021 in Amsterdam.

 Joint work with Dylan Van Assche, Sally Chambers, Fien Messens, Friedel Geeraert. Julie M. Birkholz and Anastasia Dimou

 The relate video is online available at https://youtu.be/oYmzD3e8rBE?t=1912
Estimating Probabilistic Safe WCET Ranges of Real-Time Systems at Design Stages
Creators: name: Lee, Jaekwon
name: Shin, Seung Yeob
name: Nejati, Shiva
name: Briand, Lionel C.
name: Parache, Yago Isasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating worst-case execution times (WCET) is an important activity at early design stages of real-time systems. Based on WCET estimates, engineers make design and implementation decisions to ensure that task executions always complete before their specified deadlines. However, in practice, engineers often cannot provide precise point WCET estimates and prefer to provide plausible WCET ranges. Given a set of real-time tasks with such ranges, we provide an automated technique to determine for what WCET values the system is likely to meet its deadlines, and hence operate safely with a probabilistic guarantee. Our approach combines a search algorithm for generating worst-case scheduling scenarios with polynomial logistic regression for inferring probabilistic safe WCET ranges. We evaluated our approach by applying it to three industrial systems from different domains and several synthetic systems. Our approach efficiently and accurately estimates probabilistic safe WCET ranges within which deadlines are likely to be satisfied with a high degree of confidence.
Twist automorphisms on quantum unipotent cells and dual canonical bases
Creators: name: Kimura, Yoshiyuki
name: Oya, Hironori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we construct twist automorphisms on quantum unipotent cells, which are quantum analogues of the Berenstein-Fomin-Zelevinsky twist automorphisms on unipotent cells. We show that those quantum twist automorphisms preserve the dual canonical bases of quantum unipotent cells. Moreover, we prove that quantum twist automorphisms are described by the syzygy functors for representations of preprojective algebras in the symmetric case. This is the quantum analogue of Geiß-Leclerc-Schröer's description, and Geiß-Leclerc-Schröer's results are essential in our proof. As a consequence, we show that quantum twist automorphisms are compatible with quantum cluster monomials. The 6-periodicity of specific quantum twist automorphisms is also verified.
description: v3: 57 pages. Major revision. We have detailed our explanation of the classical counterpart of the De Concini-Procesi isomorphisms and the proof of Theorem 7.25. The organization of the paper has been changed. The main results are unchanged v4: 53 pages. Minor corrections. Final version
title: ПРАКТИКИ ГОРЕВАНИЯ НА СТЫКЕ ФОЛЬКЛОРА И ТЕРАПИИ В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ГОРОДА
Creators: name: Молодых, Екатерина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В короткой статье автор исследует особенности горевания в современном обществе и структуру “обрядов перехода” в традиционной культуре. Богатый практический опыт проведения групп и длительных программ на тему горевания позволяет автору делать выводы о психологической эффективности этой части традиционной культуры. В статье присутствует описание реальных встреч со скорбящими.
Hybrid Quantum-Classical Eigensolver Without Variation or Parametric Gates
Creators: name: Jouzdani, Pejman
name: Bringuier, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of near-term quantum devices that lack quantum error correction, for addressing quantum chemistry and physics problems, requires hybrid quantum-classical algorithms and techniques. Here we present a process for obtaining the eigenenergy spectrum of electronic quantum systems. This is achieved by projecting the Hamiltonian of a quantum system onto a limited effective Hilbert space specified by a set of computational bases. From this projection an effective Hamiltonian is obtained. Furthermore, a process for preparing short depth quantum circuits to measure the corresponding diagonal and off-diagonal terms of the effective Hamiltonian is given, whereby quantum entanglement and ancilla qubits are used. The effective Hamiltonian is then diagonalized on a classical computer using numerical algorithms to obtain the eigenvalues. The use case of this approach is demonstrated for ground sate and excited states of BeH$_2$ and LiH molecules, and the density of states, which agrees well with exact solutions. Additionally, hardware demonstration is presented using IBM quantum devices for H$_2$ molecule.
Modeling and optimal control of HIV/AIDS prevention through PrEP
Creators: name: Silva, Cristiana J.
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 34C60, 92D30, 34D23, 49K15

description: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) consists in the use of an antiretroviral medication to prevent the acquisition of HIV infection by uninfected individuals and has recently demonstrated to be highly efficacious for HIV prevention. We propose a new epidemiological model for HIV/AIDS transmission including PrEP. Existence, uniqueness and global stability of the disease free and endemic equilibriums are proved. The model with no PrEP is calibrated with the cumulative cases of infection by HIV and AIDS reported in Cape Verde from 1987 to 2014, showing that it predicts well such reality. An optimal control problem with a mixed state control constraint is then proposed and analyzed, where the control function represents the PrEP strategy and the mixed constraint models the fact that, due to PrEP costs, epidemic context and program coverage, the number of individuals under PrEP is limited at each instant of time. The objective is to determine the PrEP strategy that satisfies the mixed state control constraint and minimizes the number of individuals with pre-AIDS HIV-infection as well as the costs associated with PrEP. The optimal control problem is studied analytically. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate that PrEP reduces HIV transmission significantly.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is with 'Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems -- Series S' (DCDS-S), ISSN 1937-1632 (print), ISSN 1937-1179 (online), available at [https://www.aimsciences.org/journals/home.jsp?journalID=15]. In this version, typos detected while reading the proofs were corrected
Fast calculation of p-values for one-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov type statistics
Creators: name: Moscovich, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 62E15, 62-04, 62F03, 60G51, 62G30

description: A novel method for computing exact p-values of one-sided statistics from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov family is presented. It covers the Higher Criticism statistic, one-sided weighted Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics, and the one-sided Berk-Jones statistics. In addition to p-values, the method can also be used for power analysis, finding alpha-level thresholds, and the construction of confidence bands for the empirical distribution function. With its quadratic runtime and numerical stability, the method easily scales to sample sizes in the hundreds of thousands and takes less than a second to run on a sample size of 25,000. This allows practitioners working on large data sets to use exact finite-sample computations instead of approximation schemes. The method is based on a reduction to the boundary-crossing probability of a pure jump stochastic process. FFT convolutions of two different sizes are then used to efficiently propagate the probabilities of the non-crossing paths. This approach has applications beyond statistics, for example in financial risk modeling.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures. Minor revision: mostly a reorganization of the Introduction section
Improved Image Captioning via Policy Gradient optimization of SPIDEr
Creators: name: Liu, Siqi
name: Zhu, Zhenhai
name: Ye, Ning
name: Guadarrama, Sergio
name: Murphy, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current image captioning methods are usually trained via (penalized) maximum likelihood estimation. However, the log-likelihood score of a caption does not correlate well with human assessments of quality. Standard syntactic evaluation metrics, such as BLEU, METEOR and ROUGE, are also not well correlated. The newer SPICE and CIDEr metrics are better correlated, but have traditionally been hard to optimize for. In this paper, we show how to use a policy gradient (PG) method to directly optimize a linear combination of SPICE and CIDEr (a combination we call SPIDEr): the SPICE score ensures our captions are semantically faithful to the image, while CIDEr score ensures our captions are syntactically fluent. The PG method we propose improves on the prior MIXER approach, by using Monte Carlo rollouts instead of mixing MLE training with PG. We show empirically that our algorithm leads to easier optimization and improved results compared to MIXER. Finally, we show that using our PG method we can optimize any of the metrics, including the proposed SPIDEr metric which results in image captions that are strongly preferred by human raters compared to captions generated by the same model but trained to optimize MLE or the COCO metrics.
description: Accepted at ICCV 2017
Renewal theorems and mixing for non Markov flows with infinite measure
Creators: name: Melbourne, Ian
name: Terhesiu, Dalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain results on mixing for a large class of (not necessarily Markov) infinite measure semiflows and flows. Erickson proved, amongst other things, a strong renewal theorem in the corresponding i.i.d. setting. Using operator renewal theory, we extend Erickson's methods to the deterministic (i.e. non-i.i.d.) continuous time setting and obtain results on mixing as a consequence. Our results apply to intermittent semiflows and flows of Pomeau-Manneville type (both Markov and nonMarkov), and to semiflows and flows over Collet-Eckmann maps with nonintegrable roof function.
description: Accepted version. To appear in Ann. Inst. H. Poincar\'e (B) Probab. Statist
Quantum Time Crystal By Decoherence: Proposal With Incommensurate Charge Density Wave Ring
Creators: name: Nakatsugawa, Keiji
name: Fujii, Toshiyuki
name: Tanda, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that time translation symmetry of a ring system with a macroscopic quantum ground state is broken by decoherence. In particular, we consider a ring-shaped incommensurate charge density wave (ICDW ring) threaded by a fluctuating magnetic flux: the Caldeira-Leggett model is used to model the fluctuating flux as a bath of harmonic oscillators. We show that the charge density expectation value of a quantized ICDW ring coupled to its environment oscillates periodically. The Hamiltonians considered in this model are time independent unlike "Floquet time crystals" considered recently. Our model forms a metastable quantum time crystal with a finite length in space and in time.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Deciding some Maltsev conditions in finite idempotent algebras
Creators: name: Kazda, Alexandr
name: Valeriote, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 08B05, 08A70

description: In this paper we investigate the computational complexity of deciding if a given finite algebraic structure satisfies a fixed (strong) Maltsev condition $Σ$. Our goal in this paper is to show that $Σ$-testing can be accomplished in polynomial time when the algebras tested are idempotent and the Maltsev condition $Σ$ can be described using paths. Examples of such path conditions are having a Maltsev term, having a majority operation, and having a chain of Jónsson (or Gumm) terms of fixed length.
description: 33 pages, 19 figures
Learning to extrapolate using continued fractions: Predicting the critical temperature of superconductor materials
Creators: name: Moscato, Pablo
name: Haque, Mohammad Nazmul
name: Huang, Kevin
name: Sloan, Julia
name: de Oliveira, Jon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), the approximation of unknown target functions $y=f(\mathbf{x})$ using limited instances $S={(\mathbf{x^{(i)}},y^{(i)})}$, where $\mathbf{x^{(i)}} \in D$ and $D$ represents the domain of interest, is a common objective. We refer to $S$ as the training set and aim to identify a low-complexity mathematical model that can effectively approximate this target function for new instances $\mathbf{x}$. Consequently, the model's generalization ability is evaluated on a separate set $T=\{\mathbf{x^{(j)}}\} \subset D$, where $T \neq S$, frequently with $T \cap S = \emptyset$, to assess its performance beyond the training set. However, certain applications require accurate approximation not only within the original domain $D$ but also in an extended domain $D'$ that encompasses $D$. This becomes particularly relevant in scenarios involving the design of new structures, where minimizing errors in approximations is crucial. For example, when developing new materials through data-driven approaches, the AI/ML system can provide valuable insights to guide the design process by serving as a surrogate function. Consequently, the learned model can be employed to facilitate the design of new laboratory experiments. In this paper, we propose a method for multivariate regression based on iterative fitting of a continued fraction, incorporating additive spline models. We compare the performance of our method with established techniques, including AdaBoost, Kernel Ridge, Linear Regression, Lasso Lars, Linear Support Vector Regression, Multi-Layer Perceptrons, Random Forests, Stochastic Gradient Descent, and XGBoost. To evaluate these methods, we focus on an important problem in the field: predicting the critical temperature of superconductors based on physical-chemical characteristics.
description: Submitted to Algorithms ( ISSN: 1999-4893 )
Covariant kinematics of light in media and a generalized Raychaudhuri equation
Creators: name: Thompson, Robert T.
name: Fathi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is ongoing interest in adopting various tools and ideas from general relativity for optical applications and the study of light propagation through natural or engineered media. Here, the covariant kinematics of light propagating through arbitrary dielectric media in curved space-times are derived, allowing for analysis and tracing of congruences of light through media that may smoothly vary in character between vacuum, positively refracting, and negatively refracting; or null, timelike, and spacelike with respect to the background metric. The kinematics are then used to generalize the Raychaudhuri equation -- an important tool in general relativity that describes the focus of a congruence. These results will be useful for the analysis of optical devices, particularly those designed using transformation optics, and serve as theoretical tools to study generalized concepts in general relativity.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure. This version has changes to conform with version published in Phys Rev D
Evolution of the universe driven by a mass dimension one fermion field
Creators: name: Pereira, S. H.
name: Holanda, R. F. L.
name: Souza, A. Pinho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper study the evolution of the universe filled with a neutral mass dimension one fermionic field, sometimes called Elko. The numerical analysis of the coupled system of equations furnish a scale factor growth and energy density evolution that correctly reproduces the inflationary phase of the universe. After that, supposing a mechanism of energy transference to ordinary matter, the initial conditions generated after inflation drives the radiation dominated phase and also the subsequent dark matter evolution, since the Elko field is a good dark matter candidate. The energy density of the field at the end of inflation, at the end of radiation phase and for present time are in agreement to the standard model estimates. The analysis was performed with a potential containing a quadratic mass term plus a quartic self-interaction term, which follows naturally from the theory of mass dimension one fermions. It is interesting to notice that inflation occurs when the field makes a kind of transition around the Planck mass scale. The number of e-foldings during inflation was found to be strongly dependent on the initial conditions of the Elko field, as occurs in chaotic inflationary models. An upper mass limit for Elko field has been obtained as $m<10^9$GeV. A possible interpretation of both inflationary phase and recent cosmic acceleration as a consequence of a kind of Pauli exclusion principle is presented at the end.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Text revised and new figures added
Weak convergence on Wiener space: targeting the first two chaoses
Creators: name: Krein, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider sequences of random variables living in a finite sum of Wiener chaoses. We find necessary and sufficient conditions for convergence in law to a target variable living in the sum of the first two Wiener chaoses. Our conditions hold notably for sequences of multiple Wiener integrals. Malliavin calculus and in particular the Gamma-operators are used. Our results extend previous findings by Azmoodeh, Peccati and Poly (2014) and are applied to central and non-central convergence situations. Our methods are applied as well to investigate stable convergence. We finally exclude certain classes of random variables as target variables for sequences living in a fixed Wiener chaos.
description: Minor typos have been corrected, Lemma 3.3 has been generalized, some new references have been added to the Introduction, the section about negative results has been summarized in Remark 4.10. This version corresponds to the paper published in ALEA
Optimal Priority Assignment for Real-Time Systems: A Coevolution-Based Approach
Creators: name: Lee, Jaekwon
name: Shin, Seung Yeob
name: Nejati, Shiva
name: Briand, Lionel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In real-time systems, priorities assigned to real-time tasks determine the order of task executions, by relying on an underlying task scheduling policy. Assigning optimal priority values to tasks is critical to allow the tasks to complete their executions while maximizing safety margins from their specified deadlines. This enables real-time systems to tolerate unexpected overheads in task executions and still meet their deadlines. In practice, priority assignments result from an interactive process between the development and testing teams. In this article, we propose an automated method that aims to identify the best possible priority assignments in real-time systems, accounting for multiple objectives regarding safety margins and engineering constraints. Our approach is based on a multi-objective, competitive coevolutionary algorithm mimicking the interactive priority assignment process between the development and testing teams. We evaluate our approach by applying it to six industrial systems from different domains and several synthetic systems. The results indicate that our approach significantly outperforms both our baselines, i.e., random search and sequential search, and solutions defined by practitioners.Our approach scales to complex industrial systems as an offline analysis method that attempts to find near-optimal solutions within acceptable time, i.e., less than 16 hours.
A Blueprint for Mobilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Methodologies in the Analysis of Intellectual Property Data
Creators: name: Aristodemou, Leonidas
name: Tietze, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial intelligence
Intellectual Property
Economic Value
Data Infrastructure

description: The presentations gives an overview of best practices on the use of AI methods for the analysis of IP data.
The MOSDEF survey: the prevalence and properties of galaxy-wide AGN-driven outflows at $z\sim 2$
Creators: name: Leung, Gene C. K.
name: Coil, Alison
name: Azadi, Mojegan
name: Aird, James
name: Shapley, Alice
name: Kriek, Mariska
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Reddy, Naveen
name: Siana, Brian
name: Freeman, William
name: Price, Sedona
name: Sanders, Ryan
name: Shivaei, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using observations from the first two years of the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) survey, we study 13 AGN-driven outflows detected from a sample of 67 X-ray, IR and/or optically-selected AGN at $z \sim 2$. The AGN have bolometric luminosities of $\sim10^{44}-10^{46} ~\mathrm{erg~s^{-1}}$, including both quasars and moderate-luminosity AGN. We detect blueshifted, ionized gas outflows in the H$β$ , [OIII], H$α$ ~and/or [NII] emission lines of $19\%$ of the AGN, while only 1.8\% of the MOSDEF galaxies have similarly-detected outflows. The outflow velocities span $\sim$300 to 1000 km s$^{-1}$. Eight of the 13 outflows are spatially extended on similar scales as the host galaxies, with spatial extents of 2.5 to 11.0 kpc. Outflows are detected uniformly across the star-forming main sequence, showing little trend with the host galaxy SFR. Line ratio diagnostics indicate that the outflowing gas is photoionized by the AGN. We do not find evidence for positive AGN feedback, in either our small MOSDEF sample or a much larger SDSS sample, using the BPT diagram. Given that a galaxy with an AGN is ten times more likely to have a detected outflow, the outflowing gas is photoionzed by the AGN, and estimates of the mass and energy outflow rates indicate that stellar feedback is insufficient to drive at least some of these outflows, they are very likely to be AGN-driven. The outflows have mass-loading factors of the order of unity, suggesting that they help regulate star formation in their host galaxies, though they may be insufficient to fully quench it.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
$H^\infty$-calculus for semigroup generators on BMO
Creators: name: Ferguson, Tim
name: Mei, Tao
name: Simanek, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06, 46L52, 43A22, 42B35

description: We prove that the negative infinitesimal generator $L$ of a semigroup of positive contractions on $L^\infty$ has a bounded $H^\infty(S_η^0)$-calculus on the associated Poisson semigroup-BMO space for any angle $η>π/2$, provided the semigroup satisfies Bakry-Emry's $Γ_2 $ criterion. Our arguments only rely on the properties of the underlying semigroup and works well in the noncommutative setting. A key ingredient of our argument is a quasi monotone property for the subordinated semigroup $T_{t,α}=e^{-tL^α},0
description: 32 pages