cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Configurational Temperature Control for Atomic and Molecular Systems
Creators: name: Travis, Karl P.
name: Braga, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new configurational temperature thermostat suitable for molecules with holonomic constraints is derived. This thermostat has a simple set of motion equations, can generate the canonical ensemble in both position and momentum space, acts homogeneously through the spatial coordinates, and does not intrinsically violate the constraints. Our new configurational thermostat is closely related to the kinetic temperature Nose-Hoover thermostat with feedback coupled to the position variables via a term proportional to the net molecular force. We validate the thermostat by comparing equilibrium static and dynamic quantities for a fluid of n-decane molecules under configurational and kinetic temperature control. Practical aspects concerning the implementation of the new thermostat in a molecular dynamics code and the potential applications are discussed.
description: 35 pages, 4 figures
Quantum Memory with Optically Trapped Atoms
Creators: name: Chuu, Chih-Sung
name: Strassel, Thorsten
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Koch, Markus
name: Chen, Yu-Ao
name: Chen, Shuai
name: Yuan, Zhen-Sheng
name: Schmiedmayer, Joerg
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental demonstration of a quantum memory for collective atomic states in a far-detuned optical dipole trap. Generation of the collective atomic state is heralded by the detection of a Raman scattered photon and accompanied by storage in the ensemble of atoms. The optical dipole trap provides confinement for the atoms during the quantum storage while retaining the atomic coherence. We probe the quantum storage by cross-correlation of the photon pair arising from the Raman scattering and the retrieval of the atomic state stored in the memory. Non-classical correlations are observed for storage times up to 60 microseconds.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Childhood cancer and family life : conceptualizing the perception of the sibling
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was designed to investigate the sibling's view of living in a family where another child was being treated for cancer. Specifically, the purpose of the study was to conceptualize the sibling's perception of day to day living when another child in the family is being treated for cancer. Eight children belonging to two families participated in the study. Two conversation sessions were held with each child, either individually or in a group, during which the interviewer elicicted descriptions of daily life. Using the constant comparative process associated with grounded theory, concepts identified as emerging from the data were the special status of the ill child, and a new normality. The process of redefining normality was identified as the central variable which accounted for the majority of the variation in behavior. This redefinition of normality appeared to make it possible for siblings to process problems in such a way as to make life viable (Glaser 1978, p. 57). The results of this study support other research which indicates that the child's view of the world is different than the adult's. Relating the findings of this study to the literature has resulted in specific suggestions for nursing research for elucidating the sibling's view. The implications for nursing practice are discussed within the framework of Orem's general theory of nursing.
Compactified moduli of projective bundles
Creators: name: Lieblich, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14D15

description: We present a method for compactifying stacks of $\PGL_n$-torsors (Azumaya algebras) on algebraic spaces. In particular, when the ambient space is a smooth projective surface we use our methods to show that various moduli spaces are irreducible and carry natural virtual fundamental classes. We also prove a version of the Skolem-Noether theorem for certain algebra objects in the derived category, which allows us to give an explicit description of the boundary points in our compactified moduli problem.
description: 28 pages. Major reogranization and clarification. Hypothesis removed; results as stated now apply to arbitrary stable bundles, with no constraint on the rank
Tetrahedral clustering in molten lithium under pressure
Creators: name: Tamblyn, Isaac
name: Raty, Jean-Yves
name: Bonev, Stanimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of electronic and structural transitions are predicted in molten lithium from first principles. A new phase with tetrahedral local order characteristic of $sp^3$ bonded materials and poor electrical conductivity is found at pressures above 150 GPa and temperatures as high as 1000 K. Despite the lack of covalent bonding, weakly bound tetrahedral clusters with finite lifetimes are predicted to exist. The stabilization of this phase in lithium involves a unique mechanism of strong electron localization in interstitial regions and interactions among core electrons. The calculations provide evidence for anomalous melting above 20 GPa, with a melting temperature decreasing below 300 K, and point towards the existence of novel low-symmetry crystalline phases.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Crumpled Wires and Liouville Field Theory
Creators: name: da Cunha, Bruno Carneiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the packing of a length of wire in a two dimensional domain is done using techniques of conformal maps. The resulting scaling properties are derived through the Coulomb gas formalism of Conformal Field Theories. An analogy is drawn between this system and the 2D gravitational -- or Liouville -- coupling of non-conformally invariant matter in two dimensions.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX4, Preliminary discussion changed to clarify the global structure
The effect of altered stride length on iliocapsularis and pericapsular muscles of the anterior hip: An electromyography investigation during asymptomatic gait
Creators: name: Lawrenson, Peter
name: Hodges, Paul
name: Crossley, Kay
name: Vicenzino, Bill
name: McGorm, Marnie
name: Semciw, Adam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4201
subject: Allied health and rehabilitation science
classificationCode: 4003
subject: Biomedical engineering
classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise

description: Background: Anterior pericapsular muscles potentially contribute to active hip joint stability in walking by controlling anterior femoral translation in peak extension. Alternatively, these muscles could flex the hip and tension the anterior capsule to aid initiation of swing. Although never investigated, the location of Iliocapsularis and its extensive anterior hip capsule attachment imply a potential role in these functions. We hypothesised if these muscles contribute to control of femoral head translation (rather than hip flexion), their activation would decrease when peak hip extension is reduced during shorter stride walking. Research questions: To provide the first description of iliocapsularis activity during walking and challenge the hypothesised roles of the anterior pericapsular hip muscles in gait by walking with shortened strides. Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteers walked with self-selected and shortened stride lengths. Electromyographic recordings were made from iliocapsularis, iliacus and anterior gluteus minimus with intramuscular electrodes, and rectus femoris with surface electrodes. Stride characteristics were measured using force sensors and 3D motion capture. Ensembles of burst activity profiles for each stride length were compared. Results: Iliocapsularis displayed a consistent EMG burst around toe-off (terminal hip extension) that peaked during early swing phase with self-selected strides. In shortened strides, iliocapsularis EMG increased during mid to late stance (p = 0.03), with no difference in other muscles. Iliocapsularis, iliacus and rectus femoris activity decreased during early stance (p < 0.01) in short strides, whereas gluteus minimus EMG increased (p = 0.03). Significance: Iliocapsularis displayed an EMG burst around toe-off during walking, and greater EMG during mid-late stance in short stride walking, which was not seen in other pericapsular muscles. Shortened strides increase the demand for active tensioning of the hip joint capsule in initial swing, and suggests a role for iliocapsularis during active hip flexion in pain free young individuals.
Cobaltmetrics: NISO Code of Conduct Self-Reporting Table
Creators: name: Boruta, Luc
name: Vannson, Damien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-reporting table for altmetric data aggregator Cobaltmetrics, following the recommendations of the NISO Altmetrics Working Group.
Note: Cobaltmetrics was phased out on December 31st, 2021. All data and metrics were deleted.
Retaining Black Holes with Very Large Recoil Velocities
Creators: name: Schnittman, Jeremy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent numerical simulations of binary black hole mergers show the possibility of producing very large recoil velocities (> 3000 km/s). Kicks of this magnitude should be sufficient to eject the final black hole from virtually any galactic potential. This result has been seen as a potential contradiction with observations of supermassive black holes residing in the centers of most galaxies in the local universe. Using an extremely simplified merger tree model, we show that, even in the limit of very large ejection probability, after a small number of merger generations there should still be an appreciable fraction (>50%) of galaxies with supermassive black holes today. We go on to argue that the inclusion of more realistic physics ingredients in the merger model should systematically increase this retention fraction, helping to resolve a potential conflict between theory and observation. Lastly, we develop a more realistic Monte Carlo model to confirm the qualitative arguments and estimate occupation fractions as a function of the central galactic velocity dispersion.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; Comments welcome
Cobaltmetrics: NISO Code of Conduct Self-Reporting Table
Creators: name: Boruta, Luc
name: Vannson, Damien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-reporting table for altmetric data aggregator Cobaltmetrics, following the recommendations of the NISO Altmetrics Working Group.
On The Uniqueness of Minimal Coupling in Higher-Spin Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Boulanger, Nicolas
name: Leclercq, Serge
name: Sundell, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the uniqueness of the minimal couplings between higher-spin fields and gravity. These couplings are cubic vertices built from gauge non-invariant connections that induce non-abelian deformations of the gauge algebra. We show that Fradkin-Vasiliev's cubic 2-s-s vertex, which contains up to 2s-2 derivatives dressed by a cosmological constant $Λ$, has a limit where: {(i)} $Λ\to 0$; {(ii)} the spin-2 Weyl tensor scales {\emph{non-uniformly}} with s; and {(iii)} all lower-derivative couplings are scaled away. For s=3 the limit yields the unique non-abelian spin 2-3-3 vertex found recently by two of the authors, thereby proving the \emph{uniqueness} of the corresponding FV vertex. We extend the analysis to s=4 and a class of spin 1-s-s vertices. The non-universality of the flat limit high-lightens not only the problematic aspects of higher-spin interactions with $Λ=0$ but also the strongly coupled nature of the derivative expansion of the fully nonlinear higher-spin field equations with $Ł\neq 0$, wherein the standard minimal couplings mediated via the Lorentz connection are \emph{subleading} at energy scales $\sqrt{|Λ|}<< E<< M_{\rm p}$. Finally, combining our results with those obtained by Metsaev, we give the complete list of \emph{all} the manifestly covariant cubic couplings of the form 1-s-s and 2-s-s, in Minkowski background.
description: Improved version with new results added in relation with abelian vertices. References added, corrected typos
On the dangers of using the growth equation on large scales in the Newtonian gauge
Creators: name: Dent, James B.
name: Dutta, Sourish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the accuracy of the growth equation $\ddotδ + 2H\dotδ - 4πGρδ= 0$, which is ubiquitous in the cosmological literature, in the context of the Newtonian gauge. By comparing the growth predicted by this equation to a numerical solution of the linearized Einstein equations in the $Λ$CDM scenario, we show that while this equation is a reliable approximation on small scales ($k\gtrsim $h Mpc$^{-1}$), it can be disastrously inaccurate ($\sim 10^4% $) on larger scales in this gauge. We propose a modified version of the growth equation for the Newtonian gauge, which while preserving the simplicity of the original equation, provides considerably more accurate results. We examine the implications of the failure of the growth equation on a few recent studies, aimed at discriminating general relativity from modified gravity, which use this equation as a starting point. We show that while the results of these studies are valid on small scales, they are not reliable on large scales or high redshifts, if one works in the Newtonian gauge. Finally, we discuss the growth equation in the synchronous gauge and show that the corrections to the Poisson equation are exactly equivalent to the difference between the overdensities in the synchronous and Newtonian gauges.
description: Added refs and further discussion of gauge issues. Results and conclusions unchanged. Version accepted at PRD
Dislocation formation from a surface step in semiconductors: an ab initio study
Creators: name: Godet, Julien
name: Brochard, Sandrine
name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Beauchamp, Pierre
name: Soler, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of a simple surface defect, such as a step, for relaxing the stress applied to a semiconductor, has been investigated by means of large scale first principles calculations. Our results indicate that the step is the privileged site for initiating plasticity, with the formation and glide of 60$^\circ$ dislocations for both tensile and compressive deformations. We have also examined the effect of surface and step termination on the plastic mechanisms.
A search for damped Lyman-alpha systems towards radio-loud quasars I: The optical survey
Creators: name: Ellison, Sara L.
name: York, Brian A.
name: Pettini, Max
name: Kanekar, Nissim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from the optical component of a survey for damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs) towards radio-loud quasars. Our quasar sample is drawn from the Texas radio survey with the following primary selection criteria: z_em > 2.4, optical magnitudes B < 22 and 365 MHz flux density S_365 > 400 mJy. We obtained spectra for a sample of 45 QSOs with the William Herschel Telescope, Very Large Telescope and Gemini-North, resulting in a survey redshift path Delta z = 38.79. We detect nine DLAs and one sub-DLA with a mean absorption redshift = 2.44. The DLA number density is n(z) = 0.23^{+0.11}_{-0.07}, in good agreement with the value derived for DLAs detected in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at this redshift. The DLA number density of our sample is also in good agreement with optically-complete radio-selected samples, supporting previous claims that n(z) is not significantly affected by dust obscuration bias. We present N(HI) column density determinations and metal line equivalent width measurements for all our DLAs. The low frequency flux density selection criterion used for the quasar sample implies that all absorbers will be suitable for follow-up absorption spectroscopy in the redshifted HI 21 cm line. A following paper (Kanekar et al.) will present HI 21 cm absorption studies of, and spin temperature determinations for, our DLA sample.
description: Accepted for publication in the MNRAS
Fuzzy Ring from M2-brane Giant Torus
Creators: name: Nishioka, Tatsuma
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct spinning dual M2 giant gravitons in AdS_4 x S^7, which generically become 1/16 BPS states, and show that their world-volumes become torii. By taking an orbifold, we obtain spinning dielectric D2-brane configurations in AdS_4 x CP^3 dual to specific BPS operators in ABJM theory. This reveals a novel mechanism how to give an angular momentum to a dielectric D2-brane. We also find that when its angular momentum in the AdS_4 becomes large, it approaches to a ring-like object. Our result might suggest an existence of supersymmetric black rings in the AdS_4 background. We will also discuss dual giant gravitons in AdS_4 x CP^3.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, references and comments on topological censorship in AdS_4 added (v2), note on the relation to an earlier work added (v3)
Campatonema Jones 1921
Creators: name: Sullivan, J. Bolling
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Campatonema

description: Campatonema Jones Campatonema Jones, 1921: 334. Type species, Campatonema marginata Jones (1921) (by monotypy). Pitkin (2002) characterized Campatonema by its peculiar furca (tapered, pointed shape), by the shape of the band on the dorsal forewing, and by the pointed, creamcolored forewing. In the three new species the furca is typical, of the Ourapterygini and located near the middle of the juxta and able to deflect to either side. The shape of the dark band on the dorsal forewing is variable among species, and the creamcolored forewing can be overlaid with reddish-brown scaling. The pointed forewing is characteristic. The unusual setal arrangement on the antenna with two rows of setae per segment on the ventral surface is a useful character for separating species of Campatonema from similar looking species in other genera. The genitalia are rather simple and have few characters useful for diagnosing the genus, so members of the genus are most easily recognized by a combination of wing shape, maculation, and antennal structure.
description: Published as part of Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, New species of the Neotropical genus Campatonema Jones (Geometridae, Ennominae) with the first description of the female, pp. 263-272 in ZooKeys 39 (39) on page 264, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.433, http://zenodo.org/record/576645
description: {"references": ["Jones ED (1921) Descriptions of new moths from south-east Brazil. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London B 1921: 327 - 356.", "Pitkin L (2002) Neotropical ennomine moths: a review of the genera (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 135: 121 - 401."]}
Study of the Flux and Spectral Variations in the VHE Emission from the Blazar Markarian 501, with the MAGIC Telescope
Creators: name: Paneque, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The blazar Markarian 501 (Mrk 501) was observed above 100 GeV with the MAGIC Telescope during May, June and July 2005. The high sensitivity of the instrument made possible the detection of the source with high significance in each of the observing nights. During this observational campaign, the emitted gamma-ray flux from Mkn 501 was found to vary by one order of magnitude, and showed a high correlation with spectral changes. Intra-night flux variability was also observed, with flux-doubling times of ~2 minutes. The data showed a clear evidence of a spectral peak (in the nuFnu representation) during the nights when the gamma-ray activity was highest. The location of this spectral feature was found to be correlated with the emitted gamma-ray flux. In these proceedings we discuss some of the results of this unprecedented spectral and temporal analysis of Mrk 501 observations in the very high energy range.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, manuscript submitted on behalf of the MAGIC collaboration to the First GLAST Symposium (oral presentation)
Technological change and women’s labour force participation in less developed countries
Creators: name: Basu, Leslirae
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study attempts to examine the effects of technological change on women's labour force participation in less developed countries. Regression analysis in the context of a simultaneous equation model, using cross sectional data for thirteen Indian manufacturing industries during the latter half of the 1960's was used. The literature survey outlines how technological progress may have either positive or negative effect upon the proportion of women workers in individual sectors. However the overall effect of technological progress on an agriculturally-based economy is to cause a change in the structure of the economy and a rise in the relative importance of urban based industries. This leads to a separation of women from production, and a decline in the overall participation rate of women. The results of this study show that technological change can have a positive impact on the proportion of women in individual industries; that foreign business and increasing capital/labour ratio also have positive impacts on women's participation. In addition, it is found that technology transfer from foreign business was positively and significantly linked to technical progress in Indian Manufacturing in the late 1960s.
Suzaku Detection of Extended/Diffuse Hard X-Ray Emission from the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Yuasa, Takayuki
name: Tamura, Ken-ichi
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Kokubun, Motohide
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Bamba, Aya
name: Maeda, Yoshitomo
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Senda, Atsushi
name: Hyodo, Yoshiaki
name: Tsuru, Takeshi Go
name: Koyama, Katsuji
name: Yamauchi, Shigeo
name: Takahashi, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Five on-plane regions within +/- 0.8deg of the Galactic center were observed with the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) and the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) onboard Suzaku. From all regions, significant hard X-ray emission was detected with HXD-PIN up to 40 keV, in addition to the extended plasma emission which is dominant in the XIS band. The hard X-ray signals are inferred to come primarily from a spatially extended source, rather than from a small number of bright discrete objects. Contributions to the HXD data from catalogued X-ray sources, typically brighter than 1 mCrab, were estimated and removed using information from Suzaku and other satellites. Even after this removal, the hard X-ray signals remained significant, exhibiting a typical 12--40 keV surface brightness of 4E-10 erg cm-2 s-1 deg-2 and power-law-like spectra with a photon index of 1.8. Combined fittings to the XIS and HXD-PIN spectra confirm that a separate hard tail component is superposed onto the hot thermal emission, confirming a previous report based on the XIS data. Over the 5--40 keV band, the hard tail is spectrally approximated by a power law of photon index ~2, but better by those with somewhat convex shapes. Possible origins of the extended hard X-ray emission are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
Genuine multipartite entanglement of symmmetric Gaussian states: Strong monogamy, unitary localization, scaling behavior, and molecular sharing structure
Creators: name: Adesso, Gerardo
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structural aspects of genuine multipartite entanglement in Gaussian states of continuous variable systems. Generalizing the results of [Adesso & Illuminati, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 150501 (2007)], we analyze whether the entanglement shared by blocks of modes distributes according to a strong monogamy law. This property, once established, allows to quantify genuine N-partite entanglement in terms of the "residual contangle" not encoded into 2,...,K,...,(N-1)-partite quantum correlations. The explicit expression of this entanglement measure is derived, by a recursive formula, for a subclass of Gaussian states. These are fully symmetric (permutation-invariant) states multi-partitioned into blocks, each consisting of an arbitrary number of modes. We compute the genuine multipartite entanglement shared by the blocks ("molecules") and investigate its scaling properties with the number and size of the molecules, the total number of modes, the global mixedness of the state, and the squeezed resources. To achieve the exact computation we prove a general result of symplectic analysis: Correlations among K molecules in N-mode multi-symmetric Gaussian states can be transformed by a local unitary operation into correlations shared by K single modes, one per molecule, in effective non-symmetric states. Due to this theorem, the above results extend to the subclass of non-symmetric Gaussian states that are obtained by unitarily localizing the multipartite molecular entanglement of symmetric states. These findings provide evidence that distributed Gaussian entanglement is strongly monogamous even beyond specific symmetry constraints, and that the residual contangle is a bona fide measure of genuine multipartite entanglement for permutation-invariant Gaussian states under any multi-partition of the modes.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures; web and paper abstracts differ; published version
A sensitivity analysis of the Giant LOop Binary LEsion model
Creators: name: Herr, L.
name: Friedrich, T.
name: Durante, M.
name: Scholz, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
AKARI/FIS Mapping of the ISM-Wind Bow Shock around Alpha Ori
Creators: name: Ueta, Toshiya
name: Izumiura, Hideyuki
name: Yamamura, Issei
name: Nakada, Yoshikazu
name: Matsuura, Mikako
name: Ita, Yoshifusa
name: Tanabe, Toshihiko
name: Fukushi, Hinako
name: Matsunaga, Noriyuki
name: Mito, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 10' x 50' scan maps around an M supergiant Alpha Ori at 65, 90, 140 and 160 microns obtained with the AKARI Infrared Astronomy Satellite. Higher spatial resolution data with the exact analytic solution permit us to fit the de-projected shape of the stellar wind bow shock around Alpha Ori to have the stand-off distance of 4.8', position angle of 55 degrees and inclination angle of 56 degrees. The shape of the bow shock suggests that the peculiar velocity of Alpha Ori with respect to the local medium is v_* = 40 (n_H)^(-1/2), where n_H is the hydrogen nucleus density at Alpha Ori. We find that the local medium is of n_H = 1.5 to 1.9 cm^(-3) and the velocity of the local flow is at 11 km s^(-1) by using the most recent astrometric solutions for Alpha Ori under the assumption that the local medium is moving away from the Orion OB 1 association. AKARI images may also reveal a vortex ring due to instabilities on the surface of the bow shock as demonstrated by numerical models. This research exemplifies the potential of AKARI All-Sky data as well as follow-up observations with Herschel Space Telescope and Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy for this avenue of research in revealing the nature of interaction between the stellar wind and interstellar medium.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, to be published in PASJ Vol. 60 Special Issue on Recent Results from AKARI
Stability of undissociated screw dislocations in zinc-blende covalent materials from first principle simulations
Creators: name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Beauchamp, Pierre
name: Rabier, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of perfect screw dislocations have been investigated for several zinc-blende materials such as diamond, Si, $β$-SiC, Ge and GaAs, by performing first principles calculations. For almost all elements, a core configuration belonging to shuffle set planes is favored, in agreement with low temperature experiments. Only for diamond, a glide configuration has the lowest defect energy, thanks to an sp$^2$ hybridization in the core.
A Chain-Boson Model for the Decoherence and Relaxation of a Few Coupled SQUIDs in a Phonon Bath
Creators: name: Skinner, A. J.
name: Hu, B. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a "chain-boson model" master equation, within the Born-Markov approximation, for a few superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) coupled into a chain and exchanging their angular momenta with a low temperature phonon bath. Our master equation has four generators; we concentrate on the damping and diffusion and use them to study the relaxation and decoherence of a Heisenberg SQUID chain whose spectrum exhibits critical point energy-level crossings, entangled states, and pairs of resonant transitions. We note that at an energy-level crossing the relevant bath wavelengths are so long that even well-spaced large SQUIDs can partially exhibit collective coupling to the bath, dramatically reducing certain relaxation and decoherence rates. Also, transitions into entangled states can occur even in the case of an independent coupling of each SQUID to the bath. Finally, the pairs of resonant transitions can cause decaying oscillations to emerge in a lower energy subspace.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Improve Learning from Crowds via Generative Augmentation
Creators: name: Chu, Zhendong
name: Wang, Hongning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowdsourcing provides an efficient label collection schema for supervised machine learning. However, to control annotation cost, each instance in the crowdsourced data is typically annotated by a small number of annotators. This creates a sparsity issue and limits the quality of machine learning models trained on such data. In this paper, we study how to handle sparsity in crowdsourced data using data augmentation. Specifically, we propose to directly learn a classifier by augmenting the raw sparse annotations. We implement two principles of high-quality augmentation using Generative Adversarial Networks: 1) the generated annotations should follow the distribution of authentic ones, which is measured by a discriminator; 2) the generated annotations should have high mutual information with the ground-truth labels, which is measured by an auxiliary network. Extensive experiments and comparisons against an array of state-of-the-art learning from crowds methods on three real-world datasets proved the effectiveness of our data augmentation framework. It shows the potential of our algorithm for low-budget crowdsourcing in general.
description: KDD 2021
Modulus-dominated SUSY-breaking soft terms in F-theory and their test at LHC
Creators: name: Aparicio, L.
name: Cerdeno, D. G.
name: Ibanez, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the general patterns of SUSY-breaking soft terms arising under the assumption of Kahler moduli dominated SUSY-breaking in string theory models. Insisting that all MSSM gauginos get masses at leading order and that the top Yukawa coupling is of order the gauge coupling constant identifies the class of viable models. These are models in which the SM fields live either in the bulk or at the intersection of local sets of Type IIB D7-branes or their F-theory relatives. General arguments allow us to compute the dependence of the Kahler metrics of MSSM fields on the local Kahler modulus of the brane configuration in the large moduli approximation. We illustrate this study in the case of toroidal/orbifold orientifolds but discuss how the findings generalize to the F-theory case which is more naturally compatible with coupling unification. Only three types of 7-brane configurations are possible, leading each of them to very constrained patterns of soft terms for the MSSM. We study their consistency with radiative electroweak symmetry breaking and other phenomenological constraints. We find that essentially only the configuration corresponding to intersecting 7-branes is compatible with all present experimental constraints and the desired abundance of neutralino dark matter. The obtained MSSM spectrum is very characteristic and could be tested at LHC. We also study the LHC reach for the discovery of this type of SUSY particle spectra.
description: 60 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. References added
Mutual information and swap operation in the two-qubit Heisenberg model with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya anisotropic antisymmetric interaction
Creators: name: Zhang, Guo-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mutual information and swap operation in the two-qubit Heisenberg model with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) anisotropic antisymmetric interaction are investigated. It is found that the mutual information I of such a quantum channel is sensitive to the initial conditions and declines with the increase of the temperature. The DM interaction can lead to a higher mutual information, especially for the ferromagnetic case. The entanglement quality of input states cannot enhance the mutual information of the quantum channel. When the DM interaction is large, the mutual information will be the maximum value 2 for a non-entangled input state, but it is 1 for a maximally entangled input one. It is also shown that the swap operation can be implemented for some kinds of DM coupling. The conditions of the DM coupling under which the swap operation is feasible are established.
Zoning and density transfers
Creators: name: Richard, Laura Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents a critical examination of zoning and density transfers and develops a conceptual framework for their integration. An evaluation of the practice of zoning results in identification of ten major elements of zoning: separation of incompatible uses, restriction on the size and siting of structures, uniformity, noncompensation, protection of property values, rigidity, predictability, negativity, government immunity, and nonretroactivity. Although these elements have changed in response to implementation requirements, they continue to define the basic form of zoning. A density transfer is defined as the separation of a property's development potential and its relocation to another property. Density transfer programs are divided into two major groups: site-to-site transfer programs intended to protect heritage sites, create park sites, or encourage residential development through transfers to one or more properties within the same zone; and, zone-to-zone transfer programs intended to protect agricultural or environmentally sensitive areas from development by their designation as preservation zones from which density may be transferred to growth areas. In analysis of planning and design, economic, legal, political and administrative aspects of density transfers, site-to-site transfers have greater potential for application in Canada than zone-to-zone transfers. This is due to the latter's greater complexity and differences between Canadian and American land use legislation. Through the critical examination of zoning and density transfers, a basis for a conceptual framework which integrates the two concepts is established. An abstraction of two levels of theory is developed. At a higher level of theory, which relates to thoughts about phenomena, a goal-oriented, teleological framework is utilized which incorporates works from the social sciences literature. At a lower level of theory, which concerns relationships between phenomena, zoning's elements are utilized to integrate density transfers with zoning. Density transfers are shown to provide a mechanism for reducing zoning deficiences to achieve public objectives by creating a means for differentiation of individual land parcels within zones, compensation for inequitable regulation, enhancing flexibility, and being a positive, growth directing technique.
Energy dependence of nuclear effects in hadron-nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Arsene, I. C.
name: Bravina, L.
name: Kaidalov, A. B.
name: Tywoniuk, K.
name: Zabrodin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy dependence of light and heavy particle production in hadron-nucleus collisions is discussed. Whereas the production mechanism at lower energies can be understood in the Glauber rescattering picture, experimental data at RHIC indicate that particles are mostly produced in coherent processes. The importance of energy-momentum conservation is shown to be crucial at forward rapidities for the whole energy range. We also discuss the behaviour of $α(x_F)$ with energy for light particles and $J/ψ$. Finally, we make predictions for the future LHC experiment.
description: 15 pages, 12 pictures, talk given at Workshop on High P(T) Physics at LHC (LHC07), Jyvaskyla, Finland, 23-27 Mar 2007
TRLO II - friendly FPGA trigger control
Creators: name: Johansson, H. T.
name: Heil, M.
name: Löher, B.
name: Simon, H.
name: Törnqvist, H.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Implementing General Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Carpenter, Linda M.
name: Dine, Michael
name: Festuccia, Guido
name: Mason, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there has been much progress in building models of gauge mediation, often with predictions different than those of minimal gauge mediation. Meade, Seiberg, and Shih have characterized the most general spectrum which can arise in gauge mediated models. We discuss some of the challenges of building models of General Gauge Mediation, especially the problem of messenger parity and issues connected with R symmetry breaking and CP violation. We build a variety of viable, weakly coupled models which exhibit some or all of the possible low energy parameters.
description: 21 pages, 2 Figures Minor Corrections
Resistivity saturation in PrFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_y$ superconductor: An evidence of strong electron-phonon coupling
Creators: name: Bhoi, D.
name: Mandal, P.
name: Choudhury, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the resistivity of PrFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_y$ samples over a wide range of temperature in order to elucidate the role of electron-phonon interaction on normal- and superconducting-state properties. The linear T dependence of $ρ$ above 170 K followed by a saturationlike behavior at higher temperature is a clear signature of strong electron-phonon coupling. From the analysis of T dependence of $ρ$, we have estimated several normal-state parameters useful for understanding the origin of superconductivity in this system. Our results suggest that Fe-based oxypnictides are phonon mediated BCS superconductors like Chevrel phases and A15 compounds.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Semi-Empirical Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relations in Sloan Magnitudes
Creators: name: Ngeow, C.
name: Kanbur, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive semi-empirical Cepheid period-luminosity (P-L) relations in the Sloan ugriz magnitudes by combining the observed BVI mean magnitudes from the Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheids (LMC) and theoretical bolometric corrections. We also constructed empirical gr band P-L relations, using the publicly available Johnson-Sloan photometric transformations, to be compared with our semi-empirical P-L relations. These two sets of P-L relations are consistent with each other.
description: 4 pages, 2 tables and 2 figures, ApJ accepted
Surface step effects on Si (100) under uniaxial tensile stress, by atomistic calculations
Creators: name: Godet, Julien
name: Pizzagalli, Laurent
name: Brochard, Sandrine
name: Beauchamp, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a study of the influence of the step at a silicon surface under an uniaxial tensile stress, using an empirical potential. Our aim was to find conditions leading to nucleation of dislocations from the step. We obtained that no dislocations could be generated with such conditions. This behaviour, different from the one predicted for metals, could be attributed either to the covalent bonding or to the cubic diamond structure.
A comprehensive Maximum Likelihood analysis of the structural properties of faint Milky Way satellites
Creators: name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: de Jong, Jelte T. A.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the structural parameters of the recently discovered very low luminosity Milky Way satellites through a Maximum Likelihood algorithm applied to SDSS data. For each satellite, even when only a few tens of stars are available down to the SDSS flux limit, the algorithm yields robust estimates and errors for the centroid, position angle, ellipticity, exponential half-light radius and number of member stars. This latter parameter is then used in conjunction with stellar population models of the satellites to derive their absolute magnitudes and stellar masses, accounting for `CMD shot-noise'. We find that faint systems are somewhat more elliptical than initially found and ascribe that to the previous use of smoothed maps which can be dominated by the smoothing kernel. As a result, the faintest half of the Milky Way dwarf galaxies (M_V>-7.5) is significantly (4-sigma) flatter (e=0.47+/-0.03) than its brightest half (M_V
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, ApJ in press; some typos corrected, magnitude of BooII corrected (thanks go to Shane Walsh for spotting the erroneous original value)
Time-delay interferometry and the relativistic treatment of LISA optical links
Creators: name: Dhurandhar, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LISA is a joint space mission of the ESA and NASA for detecting low frequency gravitational radiation in the band $10^{-5} - 1$ Hz. In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA, the laser frequency noise must be suppressed below the other secondary noises such as the optical path noise, acceleration noise etc. This is achieved because of the redundancy in the data, more specifically, by combining six appropriately time-delayed data streams containing fractional Doppler shifts - time delay interferometry (TDI). The orbits of the spacecraft are computed in the gravitational field of the Sun and Earth in the Newtonian framework, while the optical links are treated fully general relativistically and thus, effects such as the Sagnac, Shapiro delay, etc. are automatically incorporated. We show that in the model of LISA that we consider here, there are symmetries inherent in the physics, which may be used effectively to suppress the residual laser frequency noise and simplify the algebraic approach to TDI.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 7th LISA symposium, Barcelona, Spain
Postsurgical cataract patients’ home self-care : behaviours, difficulties and concerns
Creators: name: Smith, Shelagh Jacqueline
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this descriptive exploratory study was to describe specific self-care behaviours related to the provision of eye care and performance of daily living activities, of postsurgical cataract patients during their first few weeks at home following cataract extraction. The twenty subjects who comprised the study sample were all over sixty years of age, were English speaking, had a best corrected visual acuity in the unoperated eye of 20/50 or less, and had undergone uncomplicated unilateral standard cataract surgery without lens implant. Subjects were interviewed in their homes on two occasions. Difficulties that were experienced and concerns that were expressed by subjects and family members in the performance of eye care procedures, and management of daily living routines were recorded; and factors which influenced the ability of subjects to manage their care at home were identified. Observations were made of the instillation of eyedrops, the application of a protective eye shield, and the status of the operated eye. The findings suggest a high degree of adherence to the prescribed medication regime, and to the precautionary measures that were to be followed. Difficulties were reported or observed in several areas such as administering eyedrops, applying the eye shield, reading instructions, opening eyedrop containers, and obtaining prescriptions or supplies. The majority of concerns expressed were related to the performance of eye care procedures, and to the prospective visual outcome of the surgery. Examples of factors identified as affecting home self-care were: the availability of direct assistance and emotional support from family and community resources; the understanding of the surgical procedure and recovery process; the knowledge, and the timing of the receipt of knowledge, of expected behaviours; and the possession of adequate manual skills to perform the eye care procedures with competence and confidence. Implications for nursing, medical, and pharmacist's practice are discussed, and areas for further research are identified.