cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A framework for the local information dynamics of distributed computation in complex systems
Creators: name: Lizier, Joseph T.
name: Prokopenko, Mikhail
name: Zomaya, Albert Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A15

description: The nature of distributed computation has often been described in terms of the component operations of universal computation: information storage, transfer and modification. We review the first complete framework that quantifies each of these individual information dynamics on a local scale within a system, and describes the manner in which they interact to create non-trivial computation where "the whole is greater than the sum of the parts". We describe the application of the framework to cellular automata, a simple yet powerful model of distributed computation. This is an important application, because the framework is the first to provide quantitative evidence for several important conjectures about distributed computation in cellular automata: that blinkers embody information storage, particles are information transfer agents, and particle collisions are information modification events. The framework is also shown to contrast the computations conducted by several well-known cellular automata, highlighting the importance of information coherence in complex computation. The results reviewed here provide important quantitative insights into the fundamental nature of distributed computation and the dynamics of complex systems, as well as impetus for the framework to be applied to the analysis and design of other systems.
description: 44 pages, 8 figures
All PIDs are equal, but some PIDs are more equal than others
Creators: name: Presani, Eleonora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: PID, DOI, DataCite, arXiv

description: arXiv has become member of DataCite. This presentation, presented at Pidapalooza 2021, describes the history and motivation for this decision, as well as the advantages for anyone who uses arXiv.
Charmful baryonic B\to {\bf B\bar B'}M_c decays
Creators: name: Hsiao, Yu-Kuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charmful three-body baryonic B decays with $D^{(*)}$ or $J/Ψ$ in the final state. We explain the measured rates of $\bar B^0\to n\bar p D^{*+}$, $\bar B^0\to p\bar p D^{(*)0}$, and $B^-\to Λ\bar p J/Ψ$. In particular, the branching fraction of $\bar B^0\toΛ\bar ΛD^0$ predicted to be of order $2.3\times 10^{-6}$ is in accordance with the Belle measurement, $(1.05^{+0.57}_{-0.44}\pm 0.14)\times 10^{-5}<2.6\times 10^{-5}$.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; parallel talk given at at "Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Quantum Field Theory: 75 Years since Solvay", November 27-29, 2008, Singapore
Towards a photographic sublime, 1982-2000
Creators: name: Stephenson, David
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: From 1982 to 2000 a number of related series of artworks were developed which collectively explored both the problem of an evocation of the sublime, and questions of photographic representation. Over this nineteen year period various pictorial approaches were investigated for their potential to interrogate these issues. In the mid 1980s an academic background in nineteenth-century landscape painting and photography informed my representations of the sublime in the Tasmanian wilderness landscape, by drawing on nineteenth-century pictorial motifs such as the figure and the panorama, but reconfiguring them within a late twentiethcentury constructivist mode which sought to challenge codes of transparency in the photographic culture. From the late 1980sthrough the early 1990s my photographs were increasingly informed by an exploration of reductive abstraction, in an attempt to expand the metaphoric possibilities of the photograph, and continue to challenge cultural assumptions of photographic veracity. Fieldwork in both the Arctic and Antarctica was conducted in a search for minimal environmental settings. Over the 1990s images of the sky led to an investigation of related architectural settings, and strategies of abstraction coupled with a rigorous seriality created by systematic visual procedures led to the development of larger scale installation works composed of many similar constituent images. These various series were published nationally and overseas through numerous individual and curated group exhibitions, with reproductions of images in associated catalogs and books, thereby making a significant contribution to the field of contemporary photography.
EXPLORING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE EXAMPLE OF THE CSÍKSOMLYÓ SHRINE
Creators: name: Tőzsér, Anett
name: Tőzsér, Anett
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: religious tourism
subject: Csíksomlyó Shrine
subject: pilgrimage

description: Csíksomlyó, as a fundamental place for Szeklerland’s sacred practice has a history of hundreds of years, and also became one of the most important shrine area for the Hungarian nation. The Csíksomlyó Pilgrimage is a tradition that also has a history hundreds of years long, and one of the examples stressing the importance of religious tourism known by many even today. On a regional scale, the shrine of Csíksomlyó also became one of the most well-known brand, which offers its services – beyond spiritual pleasures – to approximately 250.000 visitors each year. The goal of this study is to research the story, touristic importance and ever-changing role of the Csíksomlyó Pilgrimage, mainly from the perspective of the Csíksomlyó Pilgrimage being a touristic product, what phase of its life cycle it is currently, what way it’s developing right now, and what future it’s heading towards. According to the studies, the farewell to Csíksomlyó is currently in the phase of development and consolidation. The increase in the number of visitors is still significant, but it is slowing down. The number of visitors is many times higher than the local population. More and more businesses are built on tourism, but there are many unexplored opportunities in the destination that the region seems to be responding to. The farewell product range is steady, its composition is stagnant, but all stakeholders agree that it is necessary to develop the tourism infrastructure for renewal, which would primarily be a summary of available capacities and the tourism stakeholders.
Keeping the ICRP Recommendations Fit For Purpose and the Need for a Global North-South Collaboration
Creators: name: Nkubli, Flavious Bobuin
name: Joseph, Dlama Zira
name: Moi, Alhamdu Silas
name: Abubakar, Matthew
name: Nwobi, Chigozie
name: Nzotta, Christian Chukwuemka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Radiological protection
patients
public
environment
collaboration

description: In a world that has been affected by the global COVID-19 pandemic, the idea of keeping ICRP recommendations fit for purpose is one whose time has come! However, the idea of keeping the ICRP recommendations fit for purpose cannot be achieved in isolation without a global North-South collaboration. Radiation protection experts from the global North who are versatile in the science and practice of radiation protection will have to collaborate with those from the global South and end-users to ensure that the system of radiological protection designed by ICRP to protect patients, workers, the public and the environment meets the need of endusers and produces the desired impact. End-users of radiation protection all work in diverse settings and contexts. Hence, the application of ICRP recommendations may vary for those in conflict and fragile settings who are often a neglected group. Authors of this paper who also work in conflict and fragile settings argue that there is a need for greater inclusivity through a global North-South collaboration over the next decade to develop the next fundamental recommendations that will shape radiation-related policy, practice, guidelines, and regulations around the world. The global road map for digital cooperation published by the United Nations in June 2020 at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic could serve as a useful guide to make this a reality. This would ensure that existing divides are not further exacerbated by current physical restrictions.
description: License: Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 2.5 Generic Grants: I would like to leave it blank.
Dust attenuation in the restframe ultraviolet: constraints from star-forming galaxies at z~1
Creators: name: Conroy, Charlie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel technique is employed for estimating attenuation curves in galaxies where only photometry and spectroscopic redshifts are available. This technique provides a powerful measure of particular extinction features such as the UV bump at 2175\A, which has been observed in environments ranging from the Milky Way to high-redshift star-forming galaxies. Knowledge of the typical strength of the UV bump as a function of environment and redshift is crucial for converting restframe UV flux into star formation rates. The UV bump will impart a unique signature as it moves through various filters due to redshifting; its presence can therefore be disentangled from other stellar population effects. The utility of this technique is demonstrated with a large sample of galaxies drawn from the DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey. The observed B-R color of star-forming galaxies at 0.6
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. MNRAS, accepted
Determination of conductor clearances-to-ground for EHV AC and DC transmission lines
Creators: name: Stremlaw, Arthur John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The analyses presented in this thesis are based on a consideration of induction effects below transmission lines and the hazards as presented to the public. The rapid increase of transmission voltages has caused a great deal of concern among utilities about these hazards. The induction effects are a function of line height and at present there is conflict concerning-these dimensions. Primarily, this thesis is concerned with the establishment of the minimum line-to-ground clearances of EHV ac and dc transmission lines. These clearances are established in terms of the electric field under the line based on the "electric field recognition level". Equations are derived for the electric field, and potential at any point below the line in Chapter 2. These equations are then used in Chapter 3 to show the effect of conductor spacing, height and size on the field. Also, the effect of sky wires and bundle conductors is noted. Chapter 4 derives an allowable value of electric field which is used in Chapter 5 to derive the required heights. Chapter 6 considers a reduction of these clearances or induction effects using ground wires below the line conductors for shielding purposes. Experimental readings are obtained in Chapter 7 to verify the equations derived in Chapter 2 and the effects of sky wires and bundle conductors on the electric field below the line. Chapter 8 establishes right-of-way widths based on induction effects.
Non-Hermitian spin chains with inhomogeneous coupling
Creators: name: Bytsko, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An open U_q(sl_2)-invariant spin chain of spin S and length N with inhomogeneous coupling is investigated as an example of a non-Hermitian (quasi-Hermitian) model. For several particular cases of such a chain, the ranges of the deformation parameter gamma are determined for which the spectrum of the model is real. For a certain range of gamma, a universal metric operator is constructed and thus the quasi-Hermiticity of the model is established. The constructed metric operator is non-dynamical, its structure is determined only by the symmetry of the model. The results apply, in particular, to all known homogeneous U_q(sl_2)-invariant integrable spin chains with nearest-neighbour interaction. In addition, the most general form of a metric operator for a quasi-Hermitian operator in finite dimensional space is discussed.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX; v.3 - a proof of eq.(52) added
Being and Longing in Meera Syal's Anita and Me
Creators: name: Alexander, S
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Meera Syal's Anita and Me (1996) is a seemingly inconsequential novel about a British-Asian child who undertakes a voyage of social education in the English Midlands in the late 1960s. However, this thesis relates the novel to a broader context inside and outside the textual world in the aftermath of Indian independence and Partition in August, 1947. It conducts a socio-historical analysis to trace the parallel narratives of the protagonist, Meena Kumar, and her communities of residence and inheritance. The dissertation draws upon postcolonial theory to analyse the continuing repercussions of Indian colonisation both in the text and in external British society. Approaching Anita and Me as a Black British Bildungsroman provides a framework to unite these multiple threads of individual and social development. The thesis views the novel as a performative artefact which represents the transformation of Britain from an imperial power to a post-imperial society, at the same time as actively contributing to this transformation as an element of public culture. Meena's journey of self-determination entails a partial decolonisation of her mind, juxtaposed with national identities which preserve an imperial worldview. The dissertation explores the contradictions of human relationships and the often ambivalent aversion to, and yet desire for, racialised others. A central focus is the troubled friendship between Meena and the character of Anita Rutter. The thesis accentuates the semi-autobiographical nature of the text as a form of fictional mythology‚ÄövÑvp (Syal 10) for imagining personal connections to historical moments. The three chapters examine Syal's Bildungsroman from alternative perspectives. The opening chapter explores interactions between class and race; the desire for belonging; the development of personal identifications in conjunction with national imaginaries; and the complexities of post-imperial racism. The second chapter considers the phenomenon of diaspora; the Partition of India; and the association between memory, history, and narratives. In the concluding chapter, the meanings of family and the homely‚ÄövÑvp and the unhomely‚ÄövÑvp are analysed. These interlinked sections emphasise the novel's representation of the combined effects of class inequalities, historically engrained racial anxiety, and racialised visions of the overlapping English and British nations.
Mapping between dissipative and Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Xing, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies of nonequilibrium systems are complicated by the lack of a general framework. In this work we first show that a transformation introduced by Ao recently (J. Phys. A {\bf 37}, L25 (2004)) is related to previous works of Graham (Z. Physik B {\bf 26}, 397 (1977)) and Eyink {\it et al.} (J. Stat. Phys. {\bf 83}, 385 (1996)), which can also be viewed as the generalized application of the Helmholtz theorem in vector calculus. We then show that systems described by ordinary stochastic differential equations with white noise can be mapped to thermostated Hamiltonian systems. A steady-state of a dissipative system corresponds to the equilibrium state of the corresponding Hamiltonian system. These results provides a solid theoretical ground for corresponding studies on nonequilibrium dynamics, especially on nonequilibrium steady state. The mapping permits the application of established techniques and results for Hamiltonian systems to dissipative non-Hamiltonian systems, those for thermodynamic equilibrium states to nonequilibrium steady states. We discuss several implications of the present work.
description: 18 pages, no figure. final version for publication on J. Phys. A: Math & Theor
General no-go condition for stochastic pumping
Creators: name: Maes, C.
name: Netocny, K.
name: Thomas, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of chemical dynamics requires understanding the effect of time-dependent transition rates between states of chemo-mechanical molecular configurations. Pumping refers to generating a net current, e.g. per period in the time-dependence, through a cycle of consecutive states. The working of artificial machines or synthesized molecular motors depends on it. In this paper we give short and simple proofs of no-go theorems, some of which appeared before but here with essential extensions to non-Markovian dynamics, including the study of the diffusion limit. It allows to exclude certain protocols in the working of chemical motors where only the depth of the energy well is changed in time and not the barrier height between pairs of states. We also show how pre-existing steady state currents are in general modified with a multiplicative factor when this time-dependence is turned on.
description: 8 pages; v2: minor changes, 1 reference added
Effect of population densities on survival, growth, and behavior of coho salmon and steelhead trout fry
Creators: name: Fraser, Frederick James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The fry of the very similar salmonids, coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdnerii), live in very close association with each other during their first year of life in fresh water. The present study was designed to measure the effects of competition between these species. Populations of different densities of coho and steelhead fry in four identical artificial stream-channels were studied. Observations were made on survival, growth rates, and some aspects of behavior. Among the various groups of fry, survival was apparently dependent upon interspecific factors; the presence of another similar species had no observable effect. Low-density populations survived well, even when another species was present at a high-density. Survival of the fish at high-densities was always depressed, even when the companion species was present at low density. Steelhead fry demonstrated a faster initial growth rate than the coho, enabling them to exceed the coho in growth despite the latter’s earlier hatching and consequent initial size advantage. Growth rates were inversely related to density, both inter- and intraspecific effects being noticeable. The two species tend to be spatially segregated, coho occupying positions in the middle and upper layers of the streams, and steelhead remaining close to the bottom. This stratification was reflected in their feeding behavior and diet. Emigration activity occurred to a greater degree among the coho than the steelhead. Emigrants of both species were observed, to undergo substantial weight loss subsequent to their disappearance from the stream-channels. It was concluded that coho and steelhead fry live in close association with one another without experiencing extensive interspecific competition. This is because of segregation of the species by having differing habitats, feeding habits, growth and survival rates, and consequent population dynamics.
MPEC 2023-X308 : 2023 XN14
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XN14

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Sedimentology of the Arthur River area, Northwest Tasmania
Creators: name: Scott, CM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The Arthur River area is situated on the north-west coast of Tasmania The rocks outcropping in the area are correlates to the Proterozoic metasedimentary sequences of the Rocky Cape Group. The Rocky Cape group and its correlates dominate the geology of the north western region of Tasmania, but are however, relatively under studied. The major part of this study involved a detailed analysis of the sedimentology in the Arthur River area, and from this a depositional model was constructed. A comparison of these results with the Rocky Cape Group 'type-section' is also presented. A minor part of this research was structural mapping, which outlines the structural history of the area. Sedimentological studies showed that the Arthur River area contained three separate facies: a laminated carbonaceous mudstone; quartzarenite; and interbedded siltstone facies. These are interpreted to have been deposited in: a deep, low energy, reducing slope environment; a high energy, shallow marine tidal dominated shelf environment and; a moderate to low energy, outer shelf environment situated above storm wave base, respectively. Interesting sedimentary structures found within these rocks included: guttercasts in facies 1 and 3 and mudcracks in facies 3. The formation of the mudcracks was most probably due to the processes of diastasis. When the facies were combined into one depositional basin model, it was shown that the palaeo-shoreline of this basin section was striking in a NW -SE direction. The tidal palaeocurrent signature was parallel to this, forming a longshore tidal current system. The main structure of the area fits with the regional trends outlined for the western correlates of the Rocky Cape Group. Dominant folding is in the NW-SE direction (Fl), with minor folding in the NE-SW direction (F2). Faulting in the area may also be related to these stress fields.
Strong correlations in quantum vortex nucleation of ultracold atomic gases
Creators: name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
name: Rey, Ana Maria
name: Burnett, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent developments in the theory of rotating atomic gases. These studies have thrown light on the process of nucleation of vortices in regimes where mean-field methods are inadequate. In our review we shall describe and compare quantum vortex nucleation of a dilute ultracold bosonic gas trapped in three different configurations: a one-dimensional ring lattice, a one-dimensional ring superlattice and a two-dimensional asymmetric harmonic trap. In all of them there is a critical rotation frequency, at which the particles in the ground state exhibit strong quantum correlations. However, the entanglement properties vary significantly from case to case. We explain these differences by characterizing the intermediate states that participate in the vortex nucleation process. Finally, we show that noise correlations are sensitive to these differences. These new studies have, therefore, shown how novel quantum states may be produced and probed in future experiments with rotating neutral atom systems.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Can the Horowitz-Maldacena proposal be an alternative to the firewall?
Creators: name: Yeom, Dong-han
name: Zoe, Heeseung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, there have been discussions that black hole complementarity is inconsistent and that the firewall is required to prohibit the observation of duplicated information. It is thought that if the Horowitz-Maldacena proposal works as a selection principle, then this may be an alternative to the firewall. In this paper, we first point out that the Horowitz-Maldacena proposal seems to help black hole complementarity for charged black holes. However, if we consider the Hayden-Preskill argument further, which states that a black hole can function as an information mirror after the information retention time, then we can show that the Horowitz-Maldaceana proposal cannot help black hole complementarity. This can be extended to neutral black hole cases. Therefore, in conclusion, we find that dynamical black holes do not respect complementarity, even with the Horowitz-Maldacena proposal.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
World beyond the horizon: Reconstructing the complexity of the 'normal' experience.
Creators: name: Bourke, SF
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: World Beyond the Horizon explores the way people witness and experience variations of light falling on a landscape. To support the investigation I used the case study of the 1979 Mt Erebus aviation disaster in Antarctica, to explore degraded visual functioning, a condition resulting from variable perceptual experiences formed through the senses. The landscape of Northern Tasmania was surveyed from the cockpit of an aircraft ‚Äö- the 'flight view', where sound recordings and video data were collected to study the extent to which light conditions may affect the process of perception. The work of John Constable and Joseph Turner who, through their own art practices, pioneered new ways to depict light in the 1800's, have been central to my investigation. In his paintings, Constable predicts changing weather patterns, through time, by referring to the science of meteorology. By contrast, Turner's paintings are freely abstract, atmospheric and immediate with recognisable forms disappearing almost entirely, leaving only light, space and natural elements. Constable offers a pictorial forecast of the weather as a pilot would witness it from the ground, where as Turner places himself in the weather as a pilot would do while flying. The work of Constable and Turner expresses ideas of observation and participation that are integral and complementary to my study of the 'flight view'. To experiment with the paradox of reality and illusion and to create the synthetic experience of 'scientific landscapes', I designed and built an optical laboratory. The outcomes of this have been presented as a video-sound installation.
Mimicking diffuse supernova antineutrinos with the Sun as a source
Creators: name: Raffelt, Georg
name: Rashba, Timur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the electron antineutrino component of the cosmic diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) is the next ambitious goal for low-energy neutrino astronomy. The largest flux is expected in the lowest accessible energy bin. However, for E < 15 MeV a possible signal can be mimicked by a solar electron antineutrino flux that originates from the usual 8B neutrinos by spin-flavor oscillations. We show that such an interpretation is possible within the allowed range of neutrino electromagnetic transition moments and solar turbulent field strengths and distributions. Therefore, an unambiguous detection of the DSNB requires a significant number of events at E > 15 MeV.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Expanding $(n+1)$-Dimensional Wormhole Solutions in Brans-Dicke Cosmology
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, E.
name: Riazi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained two classes of $(n+1)$-dimensional wormhole solutions using a traceless energy-momentum tensor in Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. The first class contains wormhole solutions in an open geometry while the second contains wormhole solutions in both open and closed universes. In addition to wormhole geometries, naked singularities and maximally symmetric spacetime also appear among the solutions as special cases. We have also considered the travesibility of the wormhole solutions and have shown that they are indeed traverseable. Finally, we have discussed the energy-momentum tensor which supports this geometry and have checked for the energy conditions. We have found that wormhole solutions in the first class of solutions violate weak energy condition (WEC). In the second class, the wormhole geometries in a closed universe do violate WEC, but in an open universe with suitable choice of constants the supporting matter energy-momentum tensor can satisfy WEC. However, even in this case the full effective energy-momentum tensor including the scalar field and the matter energy-momentum tensor still violates the WEC.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, The version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Hawking radiation in large N strongly-coupled field theories
Creators: name: Hubeny, Veronika E.
name: Marolf, Donald
name: Rangamani, Mukund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider strongly coupled field theories at large N on black hole backgrounds. At sufficiently high Hawking temperature T_H, one expects a phase where the black hole is in equilibrium with a deconfined plasma. We explore this phase in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, and argue that two possible behaviors may result. At a given Hawking temperature T_H, field theories on large black hole backgrounds will couple strongly to the plasma and will be dual to novel bulk spacetimes having a single connected horizon which we dub {\it black funnels}. We construct examples of black funnels in low spacetime dimensions for different classes of field theory black holes. In this case, perturbing the equilibrium state results in the field theory exchanging heat with the black hole at a rate typical of conduction through deconfined plasma. In contrast, we argue that due to the finite physical size of plasma excitations, smaller black holes will couple only weakly to the field theory excitations. This situation is dual to bulk solutions containing two disconnected horizons which remain to be constructed. Here perturbations lead to heat exchange at a level typical of confined phases, even when T_H remains far above any deconfinement transition. At least at large N and strong coupling, these two behaviors are separated by a sharp transition. Our results also suggest a richer class of brane-world black holes than hitherto anticipated.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures. v2: typos corrected. added refs v3: minor clarifications
Engineering Time-Reversal Invariant Topological Insulators With Ultra-Cold Atoms
Creators: name: Goldman, N.
name: Satija, I.
name: Nikolic, P.
name: Bermudez, A.
name: Martin-Delgado, M. A.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Spielman, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators are a broad class of unconventional materials that are insulating in the interior but conduct along the edges. This edge transport is topologically protected and dissipationless. Until recently, all existing topological insulators, known as quantum Hall states, violated time-reversal symmetry. However, the discovery of the quantum spin Hall effect demonstrated the existence of novel topological states not rooted in time-reversal violations. Here, we lay out an experiment to realize time-reversal topological insulators in ultra-cold atomic gases subjected to synthetic gauge fields in the near-field of an atom-chip. In particular, we introduce a feasible scheme to engineer sharp boundaries where the "edge states" are localized. Besides, this multi-band system has a large parameter space exhibiting a variety of quantum phase transitions between topological and normal insulating phases. Due to their unprecedented controllability, cold-atom systems are ideally suited to realize topological states of matter and drive the development of topological quantum computing.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Deer food production in certain seral stages of the coast forest
Creators: name: Gates, Bryan Rodd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study was designed to determine which seral stages of the regenerating coast forest are most efficient at converting radiant energy into energy available as seasonal deer foods, and if the most efficient stages are most intensively used by deer. Populations of Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus Richardson) in coastal British Columbia have been reported to reach maximum levels soon after logging and slash-burning, and to decline as. succession advances. The efficiency of a deer range in producing food has been suggested as a factor influencing reproductive success and thus, population density. Seasonal forage preferences were determined, through rumen content analysis. Cover composition up to four feet in height, and summer and winter estimates of quantity, variety and nutrient quality of the important food species were obtained in different seral stages. These data were then related to the intensity to which deer utilized each seral stage, as indicated by the abundance of pellet groups. An early salal-catsear (Gaultheria-Hypochaeris) association develops three to five years after slash-burning. This type was preferred by deer during spring and early summer. Herbaceous plants formed 60 per cent of the spring-summer diet and were represented by more species, covered more surface area, and produced more available forage in this seral stage than in any other. A salal-Douglas fir (Gaultheria-Pseudotsuga) association develops 12 to 15 years after slash-burning. This type was preferred during autumn and winter. Shrub and coniferous species formed 70 to 80 per cent of the autumn-winter diet and were represented by more species, covered more surface area, and produced more available forage in this seral stage than in any other. In addition, the crude protein, mineral, and ash contents of the important evergreen foods were higher when eaten (autumn-winter) than at other times. Heaviest deer use occurred in the seral stages where these evergreens were most available. The nutrient content of key foods changed significantly with season, and there was evidence of selection by deer of the most nutritious plants available. Tests to demonstrate declines in nutrient levels as seral succession advanced between the fourth and fourteenth years were inconclusive, particularly since there is a likelihood of significant declines occurring in the initial four years. However, seasonal and successional changes in food quality are believed to be a factor influencing range selection. It is concluded that the numbers of deer within a logged unit of coast forest are affected by the efficiency at which food is produced. Numbers within the whole community are affected by the availability of ideal food-producing units for each season. A further hypothesis is suggested which states that sustained populations cannot be expected in a logged coast forest because seral succession will inevitably cause regression of range quality.
The character, origin and significance of the Howards Basalt, within the Cambrian Tyndall Group, Western Tasmania
Creators: name: Scott, H
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The Howards Basalt forms a minor mafic unit in the basal Lynchford Member of the Cambrian Tyndall Group. The unit is andesitic in character, and occurs most frequently as a monomictic breccia, strongly altered by chlorite, sericite and haematite. The unit was formed by the eruption of lava both explosively and effusively, in an extensional and subaqueous environment, to produce five main facies. The Howards Basalt can be geochemically correlated with the Suite ill rocks of the Mount Read Volcanics, which include the high K Que-Hellyer footwall volcanic rocks, and the shoshonitic Lynch Creek Basalt. The Howards Basalt occurs on the Comstock - Mt Lyell prospective horizon, on the same stratigraphic horizon as the Henty deposit. It is also thought to have formed in a similar fashion to the Spillway Basalt, which occupies another favourable horizon. The mode of emplacement of the Howards Basalt unit may have been conducive to mineralisation.
Possible Improvements of Methodology for Calculating Radiation Detriment in the Future
Creators: name: Ban, Nobuhiko
name: Cléro, Enora
name: Vaillant, Ludovic
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Hamada, Nobuyuki
name: Preston, Dale
name: Laurier, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Radiation detriment
Nominal risk
Risk model
Cancer risk variation
Non-cancer effects

description: As part of its work, ICRP Task Group 102 on Radiation Detriment Calculation Methodology has discussed how to improve the way of calculating radiation detriment in the future. The methodology needs to evolve to take into account advances in healthcare technology and scientific understanding of radiation effects. It will be necessary to update reference population data as well as to expand the geographical coverage. Assumptions for the nominal risk calculation, including the LNT model, the DDREF and the risk transfer scheme, must be examined in the light of the latest scientific findings. Cancer risk models should be revised based on the up-to-date epidemiological data. Cancer severity data require updates and refinement, including consideration of other approaches to quantify the severity of diseases. It is also desirable to review the risk estimate for heritable effects, taking into account recent studies. Another important aspect is handling of the variation of cancer risk with sex and age. It is desirable to calculate lifetime risks separately for males and females and selected ages (age groups) and average these estimates in the last stage to obtain population-averaged values. This approach makes a clear distinction between science-based risk assessment and the subsequent integration of information for radiological protection purposes, thus providing a better understanding of the construction of radiation detriment. Sex- and age-related variation should also be considered in determining the values of tissue weighting factors. Consideration of non-cancer effects, specifically diseases of the circulatory system and cataracts, is one of the hottest topics. There is considerable uncertainty about the shape of the dose-response curve for these effects at low doses. It is still unclear whether there is a threshold. Whether or not to include them in the calculation of the radiation detriment currently remains an open question. Ensuring transparency and traceability of the radiation detriment calculation is becoming increasingly important. A full description of the calculation steps is necessary, and consideration should be given to the development of an open-source software to perform these calculations. Improving the way of communicating the calculation result is also desirable so that non-specialists can have a balanced perspective on the health risks of radiation.
description: License: Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 2.5 Generic Grants: I would like to leave it blank.
On two-dimensional quantum gravity and quasiclassical integrable hierarchies
Creators: name: Marshakov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main results for the two-dimensional quantum gravity, conjectured from the matrix model or integrable approach, are presented in the form to be compared with the world-sheet or Liouville approach. In spherical limit the integrable side for minimal string theories is completely formulated using simple manipulations with two polynomials, based on residue formulas from quasiclassical hierarchies. Explicit computations for particular models are performed and certain delicate issues of nontrivial relations among them are discussed. They concern the connections between different theories, obtained as expansions of basically the same stringy solution to dispersionless KP hierarchy in different backgrounds, characterized by nonvanishing background values of different times, being the simplest known example of change of the quantum numbers of physical observables, when moving to a different point in the moduli space of the theory.
description: 20 pages, based on talk presented at the conference "Liouville field theory and statistical models", dedicated to the memory of Alexei Zamolodchikov, Moscow, June 2008
Carbohydrate transport and metabolism in resting suspension of clostridium perfringens type A
Creators: name: Groves, David John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Suspensions of C. perfringens, when grown on a peptone-free, semi-defined medium, have been shown to remain resistant to autolysis for extended periods of time. The stability of these suspensions has been compared with that of cells grown on complex media. Extracts of cells grown on this semi-defined medium were found to contain all of the enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway of glycolysis, in addition to lactic acid dehydrogenase and the pyruvate-clastic system, but no evidence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity could be demonstrated. Evidence has been presented for the implication of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway as the major pathway of glucose degradation by this organism. Resting suspensions of C. perfringens were shown to transport radioactive glucose and mannose, but not other carbohydrates by a common mechanism and accumulate glucose to concentrations several hundred times those found in the external medium. The transport system was found to be an enzymatic, energy-dependent, temperature-sensitive, and highly specific mechanism which was saturated at high substrate concentrations. The carbohydrate was found to be accumulated as an equilibrium mixture of phosphorylated hexoses. The phosphorylation mechanism involved in accumulation was demonstrated to be other than the soluble hexo-kinase.
Quantum transport through a molecule coupled to a mesoscopic ring: A theoretical study
Creators: name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport through a molecule sandwiched between two metallic electrodes and coupled to a mesoscopic ring that threads a magnetic flux $ϕ$ is studied. An analytic approach for the electron transport through the molecular bridge system is presented. Electronic transport properties are discussed in two aspects: (a) presence of external magnetic filed and (b) strength of molecule-to-electrode coupling.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Colonel William Sorell Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's land 1817‚Äö-1824 : an examination of his convict system and establishment of free settlement
Creators: name: Mickleborough, LC
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Set against the background of a British penal colony established for less than fifteen years, this thesis examines Van Diemen's Land during the administration of Colonel William Sorell who was appointed Lieutenant-Governor in 1817 to replace Thomas Davey. The early history of Van Diemen's Land has been dominated by the extensively documented rule of George Arthur who succeeded Sorell in 1824, and whose vast and occasionally self-promoting correspondence tended to diminish the achievements of his predecessor. The main features of Sorell's administration, ranging from his immediate need to restore order due to a bushranging crisis, his sponsorship of a vigorous expanding pastoral economy as well as the impact of that economy on a declining Aboriginal population, and what steps Sorell took to ameliorate that impact, or to advise the British Government of the consequences of the impact, will also be examined. The major purpose is to investigate Sorell's convict administration system, and it will be demonstrated that he established a system of convict control with an emphasis on incentive as well as punishment, on which Arthur was later able to base his system of 'Black Books'. Sorell employed convicts in public works and successfully facilitated the assignment of other convicts to settlers. As a result of his resourcefulness and organisation, he established Macquarie Harbour as a place of secondary punishment. An influx of convicts followed the first direct shipment from Britain to the colony in 1818, and the same year free settlers also started arriving in large numbers, mainly due to a change of policy in Britain. Sorell's encouragement of entrepreneurialism, and his vigorous economic leadership meant the colony began to compete economically with New South Wales. As a result of a concern that transportation might no longer be an effective object of apprehension in Britain nor the means of reformation in the settlement, a commissioner, John T. Bigge, was sent by the Colonial Office to enquire into the situation in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land. Bigge was also directed to enquire into Sorell's private life, as shortly after Sorell's arrival it was disclosed that it was not his own wife with whom he was living. Sorell was permitted to continue in his position for almost seven years following the disclosure, possibly indicating satisfaction with his leadership. However, as morals and the balance of free settlers in the colony began to change, it prompted the essential recommendation of Bigge for Sorell's recall, which was finally sent to him in 1823. Sorell received no further imperial appointment. The contradictory circumstances of this recall, set against a background of administrative success, has, perhaps, limited historical appreciation of the extent of Sorell's achievement of bequeathing an effective convict system and strong economy to his successor.
Exploring the allosteric mechanism of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B by molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Wang, Quan
name: Fu, Xue-Qi
name: Zheng, Qing-Chuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma