cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Variability of the Preposition “In” in Written Communication
Creators: name: Ahmed, Shafinaz
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
Language and languages--Writing
English language--Grammar--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers

description: Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) has been applied to the study of second language acquisition to possibly account for the nonlinear development and variability found within second language development. Characteristics of a dynamic system that make it compatible with examining the developmental trajectory of second language acquisition include the presence of subsystems, variability, and the dependence on internal cognitive and external social and environmental resources (De Bot, Lowie, & Verspoor, 2007; Van Geert, 2008).  Using a CDST perspective, this study looked at the use of the preposition in within the written communication of a native speaker of English and a non-native speaker. Three methods of data analysis-target-like use analysis, form-function analysis, and metaphor analysis-were employed to track how the use and function of the preposition in varied over time. Results indicate that an individual’s literal and conceptual engagement with and production of a language develops over time in a non-linear manner.
MOESM1 of DNA methylation-based classification and identification of renal cell carcinoma prognosis-subgroups
Creators: name: Chen, Wenbiao
name: Zhuang, Jia
name: Wang, Peizhong
name: Jiang, Jingjing
name: Lin, Chenhong
name: Zeng, Ping
name: Liang, Yan
name: Zhang, Xujun
name: Dai, Yong
name: Diao, Hongyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The distribution of 199 RCC samples based on 7 prognosis subgroups and ClearCode34 classification.
Physikalisch informierte Interpolation von Richtcharakteristiken
Creators: name: Lemke, Mathias
name: Hölter, Arne
name: Ackermann, David
name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Interpolation
subject: Akustik
subject: Richtcharakteristik
subject: interpolation
subject: acoustics

description: Die Richtcharakteristik ist eine wichtige Kenngröße akustischer oder elektroakustischer Schallquellen. Eine präzise Darstellung ist zum Beispiel bei der Planung von Beschallungssystemen, bei raumakustischen Simulationen und bei der Auralisation virtueller akustischer Umgebungen von Bedeutung. Die Bestimmung der Charakteristik realer Quellen geschieht typischerweise experimentell mittels diskreter Mikrofonmessungen. Diese Messungen müssen dabei in fast allen Fällen interpoliert werden, entweder für das räumliche Upsampling auf höher aufgelöste Darstellungen der Daten, für die räumliche Neuabtastung auf ein anderes Abtastgitter oder für die Verwendung in Simulationen der Schallausbreitung. Hierbei sind unterschiedliche Interpolationstechniken etabliert, etwa Pseudo-Splines oder eine Interpolation über die Zerlegung in Kugelflächenfunktionen (Sphärisch Harmonische, SH) [1]. Die Leistung der Interpolationstechniken hängt vom verwendeten Abtastraster, aber auch vom Abstrahlungsmuster der Quellen selbst ab. Die Interpolation basiert zumeist auf mathematischen Ansatzfunktionen. Typischerweise werden keine physikalisch motivierten Nebenbedingungen berücksichtigt.
A general regularity theory for weak mean curvature flow
Creators: name: Kasai, Kota
name: Tonegawa, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44, 49Q20

description: We give a new proof of Brakke's partial regularity theorem up to C^{1,ς} for weak varifold solutions of mean curvature flow by utilizing parabolic monotonicity formula, parabolic Lipschitz approximation and blow-up technique. The new proof extends to a general flow whose velocity is the sum of the mean curvature and any given background flow field in a dimensionally sharp integrability class. It is a natural parabolic generalization of Allard's regularity theorem in the sense that the special time-independent case reduces to Allard's theorem.
description: 60 pages
Florence Lawrence
Creators: name: Brown, Kelly
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: Florence Annie Bridgwood, usually known as “Flo” Lawrence, was born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, on January 2, 1886. Her mother, Charlotte Bridgwood, was a stage actress known professionally as Lotta Lawrence, and was the manager and leading lady of the Lawrence Dramatic Company (Holland 386). Flo’s childhood, consequently, was spent on the touring road and on the theatrical stage. She began her career in the motion picture industry with a role in an Edison Company short, Daniel Boone/Pioneer Days in America (1907), an account of which is given in her autobiography, Growing Up with the Movies, serialized by Photoplay in four parts. Both mother and daughter appeared in Daniel Boone as well as in Vitagraph’s adaptation of Irish playwright Dion Boucicault’s 1874 theatrical melodrama as The Shaughraun, an Irish Romance (1907), but Lotta soon returned to the stage. Flo’s motion picture career, in contrast, had just begun.
Adjungierten-basierte Optimierung von akustischen Berandungen im Zeitbereich mittels Volumenpenalisierung
Creators: name: Hölter, Arne
name: Porcinai, Emanuele
name: Lemke, Mathias
name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::500 Naturwissenschaften::500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Akustik
subject: Volumenpenalisierung
subject: akustische Simulationen
subject: acoustics
subject: acoustic simulation

description: Für akustische Simulationen werden in der Raumakustik meist strahlen- oder frequenzbasierte Methoden eingesetzt. Diese ben ̈otigen vergleichsweise geringe Rechenleistungen, sind jedoch in ihrer Genauigkeit begrenzt. Wellen- bzw. zeitbasierte Methoden wie die finite Differenzenmethode im Zeitbereich (FDTD) können eine deutlich höhere Genauigkeit erreichen, allerdings stellt insbesondere die Beschreibung von akustischen Berandungen eine Herausforderung dar. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz hierfür ist die Verwendung von Volumenpenalisierungsmethoden, wie sie in der Strömungsmechanik Anwendung finden. Hierbei wird der Strömungswiderstand (Darcy Term) und die Veränderung des effektiven Volumens in die beschreibenden Gleichungen eingebracht
Profitability and Financial Efficiency of Small-Scale Indigenous Chicken Egg Producers in Kenya
Creators: name: Bukenya, James O.
name: Ndzovu, Sylvester S
name: Bukenya, James O.
name: Ndzovu, Sylvester S
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Indigenous chicken
subject: egg production
subject: financial efficiency
subject: profitability
subject: small-scale

description: This study examined the profitability and financial efficiency of small-scale indigenous chicken egg farmers. Farm-level data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and farm budget models. Results revealed that small-scale indigenous chicken egg enterprises were profitable, as indicated by the average net farm income and percentage profit measures. However, farmers were far from efficient in using financial resources, with the majority operating within the marginal efficiency levels. The cost structure indicated that feeds, day-old chicks, transportation, and water usage were the critical cost items accounting for more than 80% of the production cost.
Improving the sensitivity of Higgs boson searches in the golden channel
Creators: name: Gainer, James S.
name: Kumar, Kunal
name: Low, Ian
name: Vega-Morales, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leptonic decays of the Higgs boson in the ZZ* channel yield what is known as the golden channel due to its clean signature and good total invariant mass resolution. In addition, the full kinematic distribution of the decay products can be reconstructed, which, nonetheless, is not taken into account in traditional search strategy relying only on measurements of the total invariant mass. In this work we implement a type of multivariate analysis known as the matrix element method, which exploits differences in the full production and decay matrix elements between the Higgs boson and the dominant irreducible background from q bar{q} -> ZZ*. Analytic expressions of the differential distributions for both the signal and the background are also presented. We perform a study for the Large Hadron Collider at sqrt{s}=7 TeV for Higgs masses between 175 and 350 GeV. We find that, with an integrated luminosity of 2.5 fb^-1 or higher, improvements in the order of 10 - 20 % could be obtained for both discovery significance and exclusion limits in the high mass region, where the differences in the angular correlations between signal and background are most pronounced.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures. v2: Minus signs in definitions of angles corrected. Typos fixed. Reference added. Cosmetic changes to Figure 4. Additional sentence added for clarification
Additional file 1 of Post-insertion technique to introduce targeting moieties in milk exosomes for targeted drug delivery
Creators: name: Jang, Hochung
name: Kim, Hyosuk
name: Kim, Eun Hye
name: Han, Geonhee
name: Jang, Yeongji
name: Kim, Yelee
name: Lee, Jong Won
name: Shin, Sang Chul
name: Kim, Eunice EunKyeong
name: Kim, Sun Hwa
name: Yang, Yoosoo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Intercept-Resend Emulation Attacks against a Continuous-Variable Quantum Authentication Protocol with Physical Unclonable Keys
Creators: name: Fladung, Lukas
name: Nikolopoulos, Georgios M.
name: Alber, Gernot
name: Fischlin, Marc
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Optical physical unclonable keys are currently considered to be rather promising candidates for the development of entity authentication protocols, which offer security against both classical and quantum adversaries. In this work, we investigate the robustness of a continuous-variable protocol, which relies on the scattering of coherent states of light from the key, against three different types of intercept–resend emulation attacks. The performance of the protocol is analyzed for a broad range of physical parameters, and our results are compared to existing security bounds.
Ethno-Linguistic Materials from Rural Mazandaran
Creators: name: Borjian, Maryam
name: Borjian, Habib
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Māzandarānī language
Iranian languages
Folklore

description: The texts published here are in an eastern Mazandarani dialect spoken in the Caspian littoral in northern Iran. The informant is a rural woman who recollects the supernatural deeds of her father-in-law, revered like a saint after his death. The stories are narrated in a most intimate manner, something rarely published previously in Iranian dialect documentations. The folkloric songs typify those sung in Caspian rice paddies by women, who traditionally have a dominant role in the rural economy. The stories and songs provide both linguistic and ethnographic data for this poorly studied but important province with its unique culture among the Iranian-speaking groups in Iran.
Performance of novel silicon n-in-p planar Pixel Sensors
Creators: name: Gallrapp, C.
name: La Rosa, A.
name: Macchiolo, A.
name: Nisius, R.
name: Pernegger, H.
name: Richter, R. H.
name: Weigell, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of novel n-in-p planar pixel detectors, designed for future upgrades of the ATLAS Pixel system is presented. The n-in-p silicon sensors technology is a promising candidate for the pixel upgrade thanks to its radiation hardness and cost effectiveness, that allow for enlarging the area instrumented with pixel detectors. The n-in-p modules presented here are composed of pixel sensors produced by CiS connected by bump-bonding to the ATLAS readout chip FE-I3. The characterization of these devices has been performed before and after irradiation up to a fluence of 5 x 10**15 1 MeV neq cm-2 . Charge collection measurements carried out with radioactive sources have proven the functioning of this technology up to these particle fluences. First results from beam test data with a 120 GeV/c pion beam at the CERN-SPS are also discussed, demonstrating a high tracking efficiency of (98.6 \pm 0.3)% and a high collected charge of about 10 ke for a device irradiated at the maximum fluence and biased at 1 kV.
description: Preprint submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A. 7 pages, 13 figures
On the breaking of a plasma wave in a thermal plasma: II. Electromagnetic wave interaction with the breaking plasma wave
Creators: name: Bulanov, Sergei V.
name: Esirkepov, Timur Zh.
name: Kando, Masaki
name: Koga, James K.
name: Pirozhkov, Alexander S.
name: Nakamura, Tatsufumi
name: Bulanov, Stepan S.
name: Schroeder, Carl B.
name: Esarey, Eric
name: Califano, Francesco
name: Pegoraro, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the density singularity formed in a relativistically large amplitude plasma wave close to the wavebreaking limit leads to a refraction coefficient which has a coordinate dependence with discontinuous derivatives. This results in a non-exponentially small above-barrier reflection of an electromagnetic wave interacting with the nonlinear plasma wave.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
An Exploration of the Gender-Migration-Development Nexus: The Impact of Labor Migration on Women’s Empowerment
Creators: name: Bachan, Anna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Migrant Labor
Women migrant labor
Foreign workers--Economic aspects
Foreign workers--Social aspects
Foreign workers--Government policy

description: The feminization of labor migration is a 21st century phenomenon. Though not often center stage of migration policy and debate, migrant women have become powerful agents of change as well key actors in influencing social and economic development in their countries of origin. This paper explores the complexities of a system in which labor migration is controlled, produced, and understood; its impacts on women and the society at large; and the sustainability of such change for future generations. Through a case study on female migrant women from Senegal, this article aims to demonstrate how the migration experience and subsequent return of women to their home countries leads to positive and sustainable social and economic changes at household, community, and national levels. However, in order for this occur, it argues that governments must play a key role in supporting and protecting women prior to, during, and after their migration experience while encouraging their return home.
title: Trends in oxygen saturation of near-bottom layers in the Barents Sea: a possible indicator of long-term variations in the primary production?
Creators: name: Titov, Oleg
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session D
Year: 2024
Subjects: Oceanic Northeast Atlantic (ICES Ecoregion)
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.It is a common knowledge that a reduction in oxygen content in near-bottom layers generally results in an increase in the primary production and water bloom. In the ocean, the biochemical consumption of oxygen for destruction of organic matter is practically equal to its production by photosynthesis, i.e. it is proportionate to the primary production. Therefore, a possible explanation for a periodic decrease in oxygen concentrations in near-bottom layers in the Barents Sea is an increase in its biochemical consumption for destruction of organic matter subsiding from the photic zone.
15-month followup of women methadone patients taught skills to reduce heterosexual HIV transmission
Creators: name: El-Bassel, Nabila
name: Schilling, Robert F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Social psychology

description: Heterosexual contact with intravenous drug users accounts for a growing proportion of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among women. In an earlier study designed to reduce sexual risk behavior, the authors randomly assigned 91 methadone maintained women to information-only or skills-building conditions. Modest outcomes favored participants in the skills-building group. In this 15-month followup of 62 remaining study participants, skills-training group members were more likely than controls to use condoms. In comparison with controls, members in the skills-building group felt more comfortable talking about safe sex, perceived themselves as more able to reduce their exposure to AIDS, but were more likely to attribute AIDS risk to luck. No associations were found between group condition and number of sexual partners or frequency of buying and carrying condoms. Some gains associated with a group intervention tended to be maintained over time, indicating that preventive interventions composed of multiple sessions and conducted in treatment settings may have promise as useful strategies to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Nevertheless, decay was evident in other domains, suggesting that prevention specialists should consider booster sessions or other means of maintaining changes in risk behavior.
Identification of metabolically quiescent leishmania mexicana parasites in peripheral and cured dermal granulomas using stable isotope tracing imaging mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Kloehn, J
name: Boughton, Berin
name: Saunders, EC
name: O’callaghan, S
name: Binger, Katrina
name: McConville, MJ
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3207
subject: Medical microbiology

description: Leishmania are sandfly-transmitted protists that induce granulomatous lesions in their mammalian host. Although infected host cells in these tissues can exist in different activation states, the extent to which intracellular parasites stages also exist in different growth or physiological states remains poorly defined. Here, we have mapped the spatial distribution of metabolically quiescent and active sub-populations of Leishmania mexicana in dermal granulomas in susceptible BALB/c mice, using in vivo heavy water labeling and ultra high-resolution imaging mass spectrometry. Quantitation of the rate of turnover of parasite and host-specific lipids at high spatial resolution, suggested that the granuloma core comprised mixed populations of metabolically active and quiescent parasites. Unexpectedly, a significant population of metabolically quiescent parasites was also identified in the surround-ing collagen-rich, dermal mesothelium. Mesothelium-like tissues harboring quiescent parasites progressively replaced macrophage-rich granuloma tissues following treatment with the first-line drug, miltefosine. In contrast to the granulomatous tissue, neither the mesothelium nor newly deposited tissue sequestered miltefosine. These studies suggest that the presence of quiescent parasites in acute granulomatous tis-sues, together with the lack of miltefosine accumulation in cured lesion tissue, may contribute to drug failure and nonsterile cure. IMPORTANCE Many microbial pathogens switch between different growth and physiological states in vivo in order to adapt to local nutrient levels and host microbicidal responses. Heterogeneity in microbial growth and metabolism may also contribute to nongenetic mechanisms of drug resistance and drug failure. In this study, we have developed a new approach for measuring spatial heterogeneity in microbial metabolism in vivo using a combination of heavy water ( H O) labeling and imaging mass spectrometry. Using this approach, we show that lesions contain a patchwork of metabolically distinct parasite populations, while the underlying dermal tissues contain a large population of metabolically quiescent parasites. Quiescent parasites also dominate drug-depleted tissues in healed animals, providing an explanation for failure of some first line drugs to completely eradicate parasites. This approach is broadly applicable to study the metabolic and growth dynamics in other host-patho-gen interactions. 2 2
Coptocheilus longyanensis
Creators: name: Chen, Zhe-Yu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Architaenioglossa
Pupinidae
Coptocheilus
Coptocheilus longyanensis

description: Coptocheilus longyanensis (Zhou, Zhang & D.-N. Chen, 2009) 龙岩裂唇螺 (Figure 2 (a–e)) Schistoloma longyanensis Zhou, Zhang & Chen, 2009: 122, figs 1–8.; Schistoloma longyanensis – Páll-Gergely et al. 2019: 326. Type locality. ‘ Forest Park, Longyan City (25°01′N, 117°00′E), Fujian Province, China’. Material examined. CZY/1 China, Fujian, Quanzhou City (泉州市), Mt. Gongya (贡鸭山), 2019-viii-21-23, 117°24ʹ20”E, 24°55ʹ44”N, 1000 m, leg. Hai-Tian Song; CZY/1 China, Fujian, Fu’an City (福安市), Shuyang Village (枢洋村), 2019-v-3, 27°09ʹ22”N, 119°40ʹ54”E, 390 m, leg. Hai-Tian Song; CZY/1 China, Fujian, Sanming City (三明市), Shaxian (沙县), Mt. Zhufeng (珠峰山), 800 m, 2019-iv-20, leg. Xing-Qiu Fan; CZY/6, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou City (温州市), Rui’an City (瑞安市), Gaolou Town (高楼镇), Zhangji Village (张 基村), 27°43ʹ46”N, 120°18ʹ8”E, 2020-v-1, leg. Xing-Zhi Lin. Remarks. The type specimens deposited in Fuzhou and Beijing were unavailable for study. In comparing with typical Coptocheilus longyanensis from Mt. Gongya (Figure 2 (a)), the specimen from Mt. Zhufeng has dense crisscross colour bands and a light orangish outer peristome (Figure 2 (c)), the specimens from Shuyang Village and Zhangji Village have more bulging whorls and more strongly thickened peristome, especially, specimens from Zhangji Village have very small shells (H <15 mm) (Figure 2 (b,d–e)). But in my opinion, these features cannot be diagnostic characteristics of differentiated species in the current research stage. Molecular analysis and morphological study of the soft parts of this species should be conducted to reveal any reproductive differences and that genetic relationship between the typical form and variants from Mt. Zhufeng, Shuyang Village and Zhangji Village. Distribution. CHINA: Fujian (Wuyi mountains/Bohea), Zhejiang (Wenzhou) and Guangdong (Meizhou City)
description: Published as part of Chen, Zhe-Yu, 2021, A review of Coptocheilus Gould, 1862 from China, with description of a new species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Pupinidae), pp. 2703-2712 in Journal of Natural History 54 (41 - 42) on pages 2706-2707, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1863497, http://zenodo.org/record/5404953
description: {"references": ["Zhou W-C, Zhang W-H, Chen D-N. 2009. A new species of the genus Schistoloma from China (Prosobranchia, Mesogastropoda, Pupinidae). Acta Zoo Sinica. 34 (1): 122 - 124.", "Pall-Gergely B, Nguyen PK, Chen Y. 2019. A review of Vietnamese Schistoloma Kobelt, 1902 with a list of all known species of the genus (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Pupinidae). Raffles Bull Zool. 67: 322 - 327.", "Gould AA. 1862. Descriptions of new genera and species of shells. Proc Boston Soc Nat Hist. 8: 280 - 285.", "Bavay A, Dautzenberg P. 1909. Description de coquilles nouvelles de l'Indo-Chine. J Conchol. 57: 81 - 105, 163 - 206, 279 - 288."]}
Shemiran Dialect Group
Creators: name: Borjian, Habib
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Iranian languages--Dialects
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Linguistic geography

description: A blurry region in the dialectology of Iran is the central Alborz, an extensive area bounded by the Caspian littoral in the north and the plain of Tehran in the south. While some linguistic data on the northern valleys of central Alborz (namely those of the Kojur and Nur river valleys) that clearly defines them as varieties of Māzandarāni has been available for some time, the data on the Jājrud valley, immediately north of Tehran across the Towchāl range, and on Shemirān, now within the municipal boundaries of the capital, have only been published recently. This development has persuaded this author to undertake an extensive study of these districts, resulting in the present paper (among others), which attempts to cover Shemirān, the southernmost district of central Alborz.
Identification of metabolically quiescent leishmania mexicana parasites in peripheral and cured dermal granulomas using stable isotope tracing imaging mass spectrometry
Creators: name: J Kloehn
name: BA Boughton
name: EC Saunders
name: S O’callaghan
name: Binger, Katrina
name: MJ McConville
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Leishmania are sandfly-transmitted protists that induce granulomatous lesions in their mammalian host. Although infected host cells in these tissues can exist in different activation states, the extent to which intracellular parasites stages also exist in different growth or physiological states remains poorly defined. Here, we have mapped the spatial distribution of metabolically quiescent and active sub-populations of Leishmania mexicana in dermal granulomas in susceptible BALB/c mice, using in vivo heavy water labeling and ultra high-resolution imaging mass spectrometry. Quantitation of the rate of turnover of parasite and host-specific lipids at high spatial resolution, suggested that the granuloma core comprised mixed populations of metabolically active and quiescent parasites. Unexpectedly, a significant population of metabolically quiescent parasites was also identified in the surround-ing collagen-rich, dermal mesothelium. Mesothelium-like tissues harboring quiescent parasites progressively replaced macrophage-rich granuloma tissues following treatment with the first-line drug, miltefosine. In contrast to the granulomatous tissue, neither the mesothelium nor newly deposited tissue sequestered miltefosine. These studies suggest that the presence of quiescent parasites in acute granulomatous tis-sues, together with the lack of miltefosine accumulation in cured lesion tissue, may contribute to drug failure and nonsterile cure. IMPORTANCE Many microbial pathogens switch between different growth and physiological states in vivo in order to adapt to local nutrient levels and host microbicidal responses. Heterogeneity in microbial growth and metabolism may also contribute to nongenetic mechanisms of drug resistance and drug failure. In this study, we have developed a new approach for measuring spatial heterogeneity in microbial metabolism in vivo using a combination of heavy water ( H O) labeling and imaging mass spectrometry. Using this approach, we show that lesions contain a patchwork of metabolically distinct parasite populations, while the underlying dermal tissues contain a large population of metabolically quiescent parasites. Quiescent parasites also dominate drug-depleted tissues in healed animals, providing an explanation for failure of some first line drugs to completely eradicate parasites. This approach is broadly applicable to study the metabolic and growth dynamics in other host-patho-gen interactions. 2 2
An algorithm for calculating the set of superhedging portfolios in markets with transaction costs
Creators: name: Löhne, Andreas
name: Rudloff, Birgit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B30, 46A20, 46N10, 26E25, 90C29, 46N10, 26E25

description: We study the explicit calculation of the set of superhedging portfolios of contingent claims in a discrete-time market model for d assets with proportional transaction costs. The set of superhedging portfolios can be obtained by a recursive construction involving set operations, going backward in the event tree. We reformulate the problem as a sequence of linear vector optimization problems and solve it by adapting known algorithms. The corresponding superhedging strategy can be obtained going forward in the tree. Examples are given involving multiple correlated assets and basket options. Furthermore, we relate existing algorithms for the calculation of the scalar superhedging price to the set-valued algorithm by a recent duality theory for vector optimization problems. The main contribution of the paper is to establish the connection to linear vector optimization, which allows to solve numerically multi-asset superhedging problems under transaction costs.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
Workshop "African Voices in Islamic Manuscripts from Mali" 31OCT-1NOV 2018
Creators: name: Bondarev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: An updated version of the programme and abstracts of the first workshop of the DFG-funded project “African voices in Islamic manuscripts from Mali:

documenting and exploring African languages in Arabic script (Ajami)”

In conjunction with the meeting of the “Old Mande Research Network” held on 31 October to 1 November 2018 at the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures.

Blog: ajami.hypotheses.org/

Project: www.manuscript-cultures.uni-hamburg.de/ajami/index_e.html
Judeo-Iranian Languages
Creators: name: Borjian, Habib
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Iranian languages
subject: Judeo-Persian language
subject: Jews--Languages
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This 'Handbook of Jewish Languages' is an introduction to the many languages used by Jews throughout history. This chapter includes Judeo-Persian, Early Judeo-Persian, Bukhari, Juhuri, Judeo-Shirazi, Judeo-Kashani, Judeo-Isfahani, Judeo-Hamadani, Judeo-Yazdi, Judeo-Kermani, Hebraisms and Secret jargons. The chapter includes historical and linguistic descriptions of each language, an overview of primary and secondary literature, and a comprehensive bibliography to aid further research.
Experimental rate coefficient for dielectronic recombination of neonlike iron forming sodiumlike iron
Creators: name: Schmidt, E. W.
name: Bernhardt, D.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Lukic, D. V.
name: Muller, A.
name: Orlov, D. A.
name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Schippers, S.
name: Wolf, A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Ion recombination
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics
Astrophysics

description: The rate coefficient for dielectronic recombination (DR) of Ne-like Fe16+ forming Na-like Fe15+ was measured employing the merged electron-ion beams technique at the heavy-ion storage-ring TSR of the Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik in Heidelberg, Germany. In the electron-ion collision energy range of 240–840 eV the merged-beams recombination rate coefficient is dominated by DR associated with 2s2 2p6 1S0 → 2s2 2p5 3d 1P1 core excitation. The experimental Fe16+ DR plasma rate coefficient is derived from the measured merged-beams rate coefficient. It is in good agreement with recent theoretical results.
A measurement of secondary cosmic microwave background anisotropies with two years of South Pole Telescope observations
Creators: name: Reichardt, C. L.
name: Shaw, L.
name: Zahn, O.
name: Aird, K. A.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Chang, C. L.
name: Cho, H. M.
name: Crawford, T. M.
name: Crites, A. T.
name: de Haan, T.
name: Dobbs, M. A.
name: Dudley, J.
name: George, E. M.
name: Halverson, N. W.
name: Holder, G. P.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Hoover, S.
name: Hou, Z.
name: Hrubes, J. D.
name: Joy, M.
name: Keisler, R.
name: Knox, L.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Lueker, M.
name: Luong-Van, D.
name: McMahon, J. J.
name: Mehl, J.
name: Meyer, S. S.
name: Millea, M.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Montroy, T. E.
name: Natoli, T.
name: Padin, S.
name: Plagge, T.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Schaffer, K. K.
name: Shirokoff, E.
name: Spieler, H. G.
name: Staniszewski, Z.
name: Stark, A. A.
name: Story, K.
name: van Engelen, A.
name: Vanderlinde, K.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Williamson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first three-frequency South Pole Telescope (SPT) cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra. The band powers presented here cover angular scales 2000 < ell < 9400 in frequency bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. At these frequencies and angular scales, a combination of the primary CMB anisotropy, thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects, radio galaxies, and cosmic infrared background (CIB) contributes to the signal. We combine Planck and SPT data at 220 GHz to constrain the amplitude and shape of the CIB power spectrum and find strong evidence for non-linear clustering. We explore the SZ results using a variety of cosmological models for the CMB and CIB anisotropies and find them to be robust with one exception: allowing for spatial correlations between the thermal SZ effect and CIB significantly degrades the SZ constraints. Neglecting this potential correlation, we find the thermal SZ power at 150 GHz and ell = 3000 to be 3.65 +/- 0.69 muK^2, and set an upper limit on the kinetic SZ power to be less than 2.8 muK^2 at 95% confidence. When a correlation between the thermal SZ and CIB is allowed, we constrain a linear combination of thermal and kinetic SZ power: D_{3000}^{tSZ} + 0.5 D_{3000}^{kSZ} = 4.60 +/- 0.63 muK^2, consistent with earlier measurements. We use the measured thermal SZ power and an analytic, thermal SZ model calibrated with simulations to determine sigma8 = 0.807 +/- 0.016. Modeling uncertainties involving the astrophysics of the intracluster medium rather than the statistical uncertainty in the measured band powers are the dominant source of uncertainty on sigma8 . We also place an upper limit on the kinetic SZ power produced by patchy reionization; a companion paper uses these limits to constrain the reionization history of the Universe.
description: 25 pages; 14 figures; Submitted to ApJ (Updated to reflect referee comments)
Costs and benefits of intertidal algal epiphytism
Creators: name: Anderson, Laura
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Organisms in the intertidal zone are regularly exposed to wave action, emersion, and competition. Competition for space may have been a factor leading to the evolution of epiphytes which have circumvented this problem by growing on other algae. Epiphytism is generally considered deleterious to hosts but, is this always true? This study explored costs and benefits of interactions between the epiphyte, Soranthera ulvoidea, and its host, Odonthalia floccosa, involving biomechanics, light acquisition, desiccation, and herbivory. Drag on epiphytized and unepiphytized hosts was measured in a recirculating water flume. Epiphytes increased drag on hosts by approximately 50% at each test velocity. Increased drag caused epiphytized hosts to be more likely to break from the substratum than hosts without epiphytes. Epiphytes experienced reduced drag when attached to hosts but sometimes broke before hosts. In fact, epiphytized hosts and epiphytes were equally likely to dislodge; this suggests that drag added by epiphytes may not be entirely harmful to hosts if epiphytes dislodge half the time, reducing overall drag on epiphytized hosts. The effects of epiphytism on light acquisition, desiccation, and herbivory were also investigated. Photosynthesis versus irradiance curves were constructed for hosts and epiphytes; saturation irradiances for both were approximately 50μmol m⁻²s⁻¹, and were not significantly different from irradiances under submerged algal canopies in the field. Thus, it was inferred that these epiphytes do not likely affect host light acquisition. Also, these epiphytes may not have arisen in response to light limitation as they reached photosynthetic saturation when exposed to light levels under other algae. When hosts with and without epiphytes were exposed to air, epiphytes doubled the time required for hosts to lose 50% of the water originally associated with their thalli. By delaying desiccation, epiphytes likely reduce physiological damage of emergent hosts. Lastly, invertebrate herbivores common to this study’s field site preferred grazing epiphytes over hosts. This feeding preference could benefit hosts by diverting herbivores away from host tissue and toward epiphytes. In sum, this study demonstrates that hosts and epiphytes often benefit by closely associating; these complex interactions could help explain the evolution and persistence of intertidal algal epiphytism.
title: Links between phytoplankton, CO2 emissions and water properties
Creators: name: Oliveira, Ana Paula
name: Cabeçadas, Leonor
name: Pilar-Fonseca, Tereza
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session D
Year: 2024
Subjects: Oceanic Northeast Atlantic (ICES Ecoregion)
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Objective: Identify phytoplankton community structure during an upwell event in a mid-latitude continental shelf, SW Portugal (Iberian Peninsula)
Coptocheilus funiculalus
Creators: name: Chen, Zhe-Yu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Architaenioglossa
Pupinidae
Coptocheilus
Coptocheilus funiculalus

description: Coptocheilus funiculalus (Benson, 1838) n. rec. 索管裂唇螺 (Figure 3) Cyclostoma funiculalum Benson in Hutton & Benson 1838: 217.; Cyclostoma funiculatum Sowerby I, 1850: 166, pl. 31B figs 316, 317.; Schistoloma cf. funiculalum – Budha et al. 2015: 8.; Schistoloma funiculalum – Páll-Gergely et al. 2019: 326.; Schistoloma funiculalum – Gittenberger et al. 2019: 207, pl. 31B figs 18–21. Type locality. ‘Indian Himalaya’. Material examined. CZY/2 China, Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区), Shannan City (Lhoka, 山南市), Cona County (错那县), Lebu Gou (勒布沟), 27°48ʹ58”N, 91°45ʹ05”E, 2300 m, 2017-vi-28, leg. Chao Wu. Remarks. This species is newly recorded in China. Chinese specimens are identified as this species by periumbilical keel present and body whorl with thrashing structure. Compared with the illustrations of Sowerby (1850) and the photos of the Bhutanese Coptocheilus funiculalus (Gittenberger et al., 2019, Figs 19–21), the periumbilical keel of Chinese specimens are weak. The colour of the shell of the Chinese specimens is not only the orange peristome (Figure 3 (a)) mentioned in the original description but also the white peristome (Figure 4 (c)) similar to that of the Bhutanese and Nepalese specimens (Budha et al. 2015; Gittenberger et al. 2019, Figs 19–21). Distribution. CHINA: Tibet; INDIA; BHUTAN (Gittenberger et al. 2019); NEPAL (Budha et al. 2015).
description: Published as part of Chen, Zhe-Yu, 2021, A review of Coptocheilus Gould, 1862 from China, with description of a new species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Pupinidae), pp. 2703-2712 in Journal of Natural History 54 (41 - 42) on page 2708, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1863497, http://zenodo.org/record/5404953
description: {"references": ["Benson WH. 1838. On the land and fresh-water shells of the Western Himalaya. J Asiat Soc Bengal. 7 (75): 211 - 218.", "Budha PB, Naggs F, Backeljau T. 2015. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods of Nepal. ZooKeys. 492: 1 - 48. doi: 10.3897 / zookeys. 492.9175.", "Pall-Gergely B, Nguyen PK, Chen Y. 2019. A review of Vietnamese Schistoloma Kobelt, 1902 with a list of all known species of the genus (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Pupinidae). Raffles Bull Zool. 67: 322 - 327.", "Gittenberger E, Leda P, Sherub S, Gyeltshen C. 2019. The family Pupinidae in Bhutan (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea). Folia Malacol. 27 (3): 203 - 209. doi: 10.12657 / folmal. 027.019", "Sowerby GBI. 1850. Descriptions of some additional species of the genus Cyclostoma. Figured in supplementary plates XXXI. A. and XXXI. B. In: Sowerby G. B. I (ed.). Thesaurus Conchyliorum. 1 (1): 157 - 168."]}
The Renewable Power of the Mine
Creators: name: Maennling, Nicolas Wolfram
name: Toledano, Perrine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mines and mineral resources
Renewable energy sources
Sustainable development
Energy development
Energy policy--Economic aspects

description: Access to affordable and reliable energy is key for the mining sector and with rising demand for minerals and falling ore grades, energy demand is estimated to increase by 36% by 2035. Today, energy produced and procured by mining companies is mostly fossil fuel based. This will have to change if the sector is to contribute to the decarbonization of the world economy, needed for countries to meet the target adopted at the Paris Agreement of keeping global temperatures from rising more than 1.5-2 degrees Celsius. At the same time, the costs of solar, wind and battery storage systems have been falling at an unprecedented scale, which has encouraged an increasing number of mining companies to test these technologies at their mine sites. The Renewable Power of the Mine report is the most comprehensive study to date on how the sector has been integrating renewables in their mining operations, the roadblocks that still exist, and the future trends that are likely to further drive the roll-out of renewables to supply electricity to mine sites. 38 case studies are included to highlight practical examples and lessons learned. Recommendations to address the outstanding roadblocks are included for governments, mining companies, independent power producers and donors.
Harmonic Oscillator SUSY Partners and Evolution Loops
Creators: name: C, David J. Fernández
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q60, 81Q05, 81Q70

description: Supersymmetric quantum mechanics is a powerful tool for generating exactly solvable potentials departing from a given initial one. If applied to the harmonic oscillator, a family of Hamiltonians ruled by polynomial Heisenberg algebras is obtained. In this paper it will be shown that the SUSY partner Hamiltonians of the harmonic oscillator can produce evolution loops. The corresponding geometric phases will be as well studied.
Non-abelian Action for Multiple Five-Branes with Self-Dual Tensors
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Ko, Sheng-Lan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an action for non-abelian 2-form in 6-dimensions. Our action consists of a non-abelian generalization of the abelian action of Perry and Schwarz for a single five-brane. It admits a self-duality equation on the field strength as the equation of motion. It has a modified 6d Lorentz symmetry. On dimensional reduction on a circle, our action gives the standard 5d Yang-Mills action plus higher order corrections. Based on these properties, we propose that our theory describes the gauge sector of multiple M5-branes in flat space.
description: LaTeX, 26 pages. v2: improved discussion of Lorentz symmetry. ref added. v3: add comments in the discussion section on the inclusion of scalar fields and supersymmetry; title changed to a more suitable one; version published in JHEP
Predictors of Change in Functional Outcome at six months and twelve months after Severe Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: Tan, Aidan L.
name: Chiong, Yi
name: Nadkarni, Nivedita
name: Cheng, Jolene Y. X.
name: Chiu, Ming T.
name: Wong, Ting H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Wounds and injuries
Physical fitness--Health aspects
Medical rehabilitation
Medicine, Physical

description: Background There is increasing focus on long-term survival, function and quality-of-life for trauma patients. There are few studies tracking longitudinal changes in functional outcome over time. The goal of our study was to compare the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) at 6 months and 12 months in blunt trauma survivors with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of more than 15. Methods Using the Singapore National Trauma Registry 2011–2013, patients with 6-month GOSE and 12-month GOSE scores were analysed. Patients were grouped into three categories—those with the same score at 6 months and 12 months, an improvement in score, and a worse score at 12 months. Ordinal regression was used to identify risk factors for improved score. Patients with missing scores at either 6 months or 12 months were excluded. Results We identified 478 patients: 174 had an improvement in score, 233 stayed the same, and 71 had worse scores at 12 months compared to 6 months. On univariate ordinal regression, the following variables were associated with same or better function at 12-months compared to 6-months: male gender, being employed pre-injury, thoracic Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of 3 or more, anatomical polytrauma (AIS of 3 or more in 2 or more body regions), and road traffic injury mechanism. Older age, low fall, increasing Charlson comorbidity scores, new injury severity score, and head and neck AIS of 3 or more were associated with worse function at 12 months compared to 6 months. ISS and revised trauma score were not significant predictors on univariate or multivariable analysis. On multivariable ordinal regression, motor vehicle mechanism (OR 2.78, 1.51–5.12, p = 0.001) was associated with improved function, while male gender (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.02–1.82, p = 0.039) predicted improved function at 12 months. Conclusions Females experience worse functional outcomes at 12 months, potentially due to majority of female injuries being low falls in the elderly. In contrast, motor vehicle injury patients had better functional outcomes at 12 months. Additional interventional strategies for high-risk groups should be explored.
Additional file 1 of Identification of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae based on biomarkers and Galleria mellonella infection model
Creators: name: Mai, Dongmei
name: Wu, Anqi
name: Li, Ran
name: Cai, Donghao
name: Tong, Huichun
name: Wang, Nan
name: Tan, Junqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The Southern blots of five virulence genes. Table S1. The SP concentration of hvKP.