cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A toolkit for rapid gene mapping in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae
Creators: name: Koboldt, Daniel C
name: Staisch, Julia
name: Thillainathan, Bavithra
name: Haines, Karen
name: Baird, Scott E
name: Chamberlin, Helen M
name: Haag, Eric S
name: Miller, Raymond D
name: Gupta, Bhagwati P
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2010
Subjects: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
Sequence Assembly
Bulk Segregant Analysis
Small Indels
Genome Sequence Assembly

description: The nematode C. briggsae serves as a useful model organism for comparative analysis of developmental and behavioral processes. The amenability of C. briggsae to genetic manipulations and the availability of its genome sequence have prompted researchers to study evolutionary changes in gene function and signaling pathways. These studies rely on the availability of forward genetic tools such as mutants and mapping markers. We have computationally identified more than 30,000 polymorphisms (SNPs and indels) in C. briggsae strains AF16 and HK104. These include 1,363 SNPs that change restriction enzyme recognition sites (snip-SNPs) and 638 indels that range between 7 bp and 2 kb. We established bulk segregant and single animal-based PCR assay conditions and used these to test 107 polymorphisms. A total of 75 polymorphisms, consisting of 14 snip-SNPs and 61 indels, were experimentally confirmed with an overall success rate of 83%. The utility of polymorphisms in genetic studies was demonstrated by successful mapping of 12 mutations, including 5 that were localized to sub-chromosomal regions. Our mapping experiments have also revealed one case of a misassembled contig on chromosome 3. We report a comprehensive set of polymorphisms in C. briggsae wild-type strains and demonstrate their use in mapping mutations. We also show that molecular markers can be useful tools to improve the C. briggsae genome sequence assembly. Our polymorphism resource promises to accelerate genetic and functional studies of C. briggsae genes.
Solar System Constraints on a Cosmologically Viable $f(R)$ Theory
Creators: name: Bisabr, Yousef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a model $f(R)$ theory is proposed \cite{recent} which is cosmologically viable and distinguishable from $Λ$CDM. We use chameleon mechanism to investigate viability of the model in terms of Solar System experiments.
description: 10 pages, no figure, Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
The Alveolate Perkinsus marinus: Biological Insights from EST Gene Discovery
Creators: name: Joseph, Sandeep J
name: Fernández-Robledo, José A
name: Gardner, Malcolm J
name: El-Sayed, Najib M
name: Kuo, Chih-Horng
name: Schott, Eric J
name: Wang, Haiming
name: Kissinger, Jessica C
name: Vasta, Gerardo R
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2010
Subjects: Hemocyte
Triclosan
Pfam Domain
Eastern Oyster
Fosmidomycin

description: Perkinsus marinus, a protozoan parasite of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica, has devastated natural and farmed oyster populations along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. It is classified as a member of the Perkinsozoa, a recently established phylum considered close to the ancestor of ciliates, dinoflagellates, and apicomplexans, and a key taxon for understanding unique adaptations (e.g. parasitism) within the Alveolata. Despite intense parasite pressure, no disease-resistant oysters have been identified and no effective therapies have been developed to date. To gain insight into the biological basis of the parasite's virulence and pathogenesis mechanisms, and to identify genes encoding potential targets for intervention, we generated >31,000 5' expressed sequence tags (ESTs) derived from four trophozoite libraries generated from two P. marinus strains. Trimming and clustering of the sequence tags yielded 7,863 unique sequences, some of which carry a spliced leader. Similarity searches revealed that 55% of these had hits in protein sequence databases, of which 1,729 had their best hit with proteins from the chromalveolates (E-value ≤ 1e-5). Some sequences are similar to those proven to be targets for effective intervention in other protozoan parasites, and include not only proteases, antioxidant enzymes, and heat shock proteins, but also those associated with relict plastids, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase and methyl erythrithol phosphate pathway components, and those involved in glycan assembly, protein folding/secretion, and parasite-host interactions. Our transcriptome analysis of P. marinus, the first for any member of the Perkinsozoa, contributes new insight into its biology and taxonomic position. It provides a very informative, albeit preliminary, glimpse into the expression of genes encoding functionally relevant proteins as potential targets for chemotherapy, and evidence for the presence of a relict plastid. Further, although P. marinus sequences display significant similarity to those from both apicomplexans and dinoflagellates, the presence of trans-spliced transcripts confirms the previously established affinities with the latter. The EST analysis reported herein, together with the recently completed sequence of the P. marinus genome and the development of transfection methodology, should result in improved intervention strategies against dermo disease.
Fast Image Recovery Using Variable Splitting and Constrained Optimization
Creators: name: Afonso, Manya V.
name: Bioucas-Dias, José M.
name: Figueiredo, Mário A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K10

description: We propose a new fast algorithm for solving one of the standard formulations of image restoration and reconstruction which consists of an unconstrained optimization problem where the objective includes an $\ell_2$ data-fidelity term and a non-smooth regularizer. This formulation allows both wavelet-based (with orthogonal or frame-based representations) regularization or total-variation regularization. Our approach is based on a variable splitting to obtain an equivalent constrained optimization formulation, which is then addressed with an augmented Lagrangian method. The proposed algorithm is an instance of the so-called "alternating direction method of multipliers", for which convergence has been proved. Experiments on a set of image restoration and reconstruction benchmark problems show that the proposed algorithm is faster than the current state of the art methods.
description: Submitted; 11 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Evolutionary dynamics of U12-type spliceosomal introns
Creators: name: Lin, Chiao-Feng
name: Mount, Stephen M
name: Jarmołowski, Artur
name: Makałowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2010
Subjects: Splice Site
Intron Loss
Intron Gain
Monodelphis Domestica
Splice System

description: Many multicellular eukaryotes have two types of spliceosomes for the removal of introns from messenger RNA precursors. The major (U2) spliceosome processes the vast majority of introns, referred to as U2-type introns, while the minor (U12) spliceosome removes a small fraction (less than 0.5%) of introns, referred to as U12-type introns. U12-type introns have distinct sequence elements and usually occur together in genes with U2-type introns. A phylogenetic distribution of U12-type introns shows that the minor splicing pathway appeared very early in eukaryotic evolution and has been lost repeatedly. We have investigated the evolution of U12-type introns among eighteen metazoan genomes by analyzing orthologous U12-type intron clusters. Examination of gain, loss, and type switching shows that intron type is remarkably conserved among vertebrates. Among 180 intron clusters, only eight show intron loss in any vertebrate species and only five show conversion between the U12 and the U2-type. Although there are only nineteen U12-type introns in Drosophila melanogaster, we found one case of U2 to U12-type conversion, apparently mediated by the activation of cryptic U12 splice sites early in the dipteran lineage. Overall, loss of U12-type introns is more common than conversion to U2-type and the U12 to U2 conversion occurs more frequently among introns of the GT-AG subtype than among introns of the AT-AC subtype. We also found support for natural U12-type introns with non-canonical terminal dinucleotides (CT-AC, GG-AG, and GA-AG) that have not been previously reported. Although complete loss of the U12-type spliceosome has occurred repeatedly, U12 introns are extremely stable in some taxa, including eutheria. Loss of U12 introns or the genes containing them is more common than conversion to the U2-type. The degeneracy of U12-type terminal dinucleotides among natural U12-type introns is higher than previously thought.
Confirmation of simultaneous p and g mode excitation in HD 8801 and Gamma Peg from time-resolved multicolour photometry of six candidate "hybrid" pulsators
Creators: name: Handler, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out a multi-colour time-series photometric study of six stars claimed as "hybrid" p and g mode pulsators in the literature. Gamma Peg was confirmed to show short-period oscillations of the Beta Cep type and simultaneous long-period pulsations typical of Slowly Pulsating B (SPB) stars. From the measured amplitude ratios in the Stromgren uvy passbands, the stronger of the two short period pulsation modes was identified as radial; the second is l=1. Three of the four SPB-type modes are most likely l=1 or 2. Comparison with theoretical model calculations suggests that Gamma Peg is either an 8.5 solar mass radial fundamental mode pulsator or a 9.6 solar mass first radial overtone pulsator. HD 8801 was corroborated as a "hybrid" Delta Sct Gamma Dor star; four pulsation modes of the Gamma Dor type were detected, and two modes of the Delta Sct type were confirmed. Two pulsational signals between the frequency domains of these two known classes of variables were confirmed and another was newly detected. These are either previously unknown types of pulsation, or do not originate from HD 8801. The O-type star HD 13745 showed small-amplitude slow variability on a time scale of 3.2 days. This object may be related to the suspected new type of supergiant SPB stars, but a rotational origin of its light variations cannot be ruled out at this point. 53 Psc is an SPB star for which two pulsation frequencies were determined and identified with low spherical degree. The behaviour of 53 Ari and Iota Her is consistent with non-variability during our observations, and we could not confirm light variations of the comparison star 34 Psc previously suspected. The use of signal-to-noise criteria in the analysis of data sets with strong aliasing is critically discussed.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Plastic Pirates teaching material English May-2022
Creators: name: Knickmeier, Katrin
name: Kruse, Katrin
name: Brennecke, Dennis
name: Nauendorf, Alice
name: Kiessling, Tim
name: Dittmann, Sinja
name: Thiel, Martin
name: Mederake, Linda
name: Knoblauch, Doris
name: Hinzmann, Mandy
name: Lourenço, Carla
name: Grego, Mateja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: citizen science
plastic pollution

description: The teaching material of the Plastic Pirates (version English May-2022). The Plastic Pirates are a citizen science initiative involving schoolchildren in the research of litter pollution of rivers in Europe. More information is available at https://www.plastic-pirates.eu/en
A local-density approximation for the exchange energy functional for excited states : the band gap problem
Creators: name: Rahaman, Moshiour
name: Ganguly, Shreemoyee
name: Samal, Prasanjit
name: Harbola, Manoj Kumar
name: Saha-Dasgupta, Tanusri
name: Mookerjee, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present excited states density functional theory (DFT) to calculate band gap for semiconductors and insulators. For the excited states exchange-correlation functional, we use a simple local density approximation (LDA) like functional and it gives the result which is very closed to experimental results. The linear muffin-tin potential is used to solve the self consistent Kohn-Sham equation
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Cold Dark Matter: A Gluonic Bose--Einstein Condensate in Anti-de Sitter Space Time
Creators: name: Cohen-Tannoudji, Gilles
name: Gazeau, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83F05, 81R05, 81V05, 81T20

description: In the same way as the realization of some of the famous gedanken experiments imagined by the founding fathers of quantum mechanics has recently led to the current renewal of the interpretation of quantum physics, it seems that the most recent progresses of observational astrophysics can be interpreted as the realization of some cosmological gedanken experiments such as the removal from the universe of the whole visible matter or the cosmic time travel leading to a new cosmological standard model. This standard model involves two dark components of the universe, dark energy and dark matter. Whereas dark energy is usually associated with the cosmological constant, we propose to explain dark matter as a pure QCD effect, namely a gluonic Bose Einstein condensate, following the transition from the quark gluon plasma phase to the colorless hadronic phase. Our approach not only allows us to assume a ratio Dark/Visible equal to 11/2 but also provides gluons (and di-gluons, viewed as quasi-particles) with an extra mass of vibrational nature. Such an interpretation would comfort the idea that, apart from the violation of the matter/antimatter symmetry satisfying the Sakharov's conditions, the reconciliation of particle physics and cosmology needs not the recourse to any ad hoc fields, particles or hidden variables.
description: This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 1st International Electronic Conference on Universe (ECU 2021)
Supersymmetric vacua and Bethe ansatz
Creators: name: Nekrasov, Nikita A.
name: Shatashvili, Samson L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An announcement of some results of a longer paper where the supersymmetric vacua of two dimensional N=2 susy gauge theories with matter are shown to be in one-to-one correspondence with the eigenstates of integrable spin chain Hamiltonians. The Heisenberg spin chain is mapped to the two dimensional U(N) theory with fundamental hypermultiplets, the XXZ spin chain is mapped to the analogous three dimensional super-Yang-Mills theory compactified on a circle, the XYZ spin chain and eight-vertex model are related to the four dimensional theory compactified on a torus. The correspondence extends to any spin group, representations, boundary conditions, and inhomogeneity, it includes Sinh-Gordon and non-linear Schroedinger models as well as the dynamical spin chains such as the Hubbard model. Compactifications of four dimensional N=2 theories on a two-sphere lead to the instanton-corrected Bethe equations. We propose a completely novel way for the Yangian, quantum affine, and elliptic algebras to act as a symmetry of a union of quantum field theories. This paper accompanies arXiv:0901.4748
description: 35 pages, short version I, Cargese and Landau-100 conferences proceedings; v2. typos and refs corrected
Quantitative assessment of airborne exposures generated during common cleaning tasks: a pilot study
Creators: name: Bello, Anila
name: Quinn, Margaret M
name: Perry, Melissa J
name: Milton, Donald K
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2010
Subjects: Volatile Organic Compound
Cleaning Product
Cleaning Worker
Total Volatile Organic Compound
Cleaning Task

description: A growing body of epidemiologic evidence suggests an association between exposure to cleaning products with asthma and other respiratory disorders. Thus far, these studies have conducted only limited quantitative exposure assessments. Exposures from cleaning products are difficult to measure because they are complex mixtures of chemicals with a range of physicochemical properties, thus requiring multiple measurement techniques. We conducted a pilot exposure assessment study to identify methods for assessing short term, task-based airborne exposures and to quantitatively evaluate airborne exposures associated with cleaning tasks simulated under controlled work environment conditions. Sink, mirror, and toilet bowl cleaning tasks were simulated in a large ventilated bathroom and a small unventilated bathroom using a general purpose, a glass, and a bathroom cleaner. All tasks were performed for 10 minutes. Airborne total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) generated during the tasks were measured using a direct reading instrument (DRI) with a photo ionization detector. Volatile organic ingredients of the cleaning mixtures were assessed utilizing an integrated sampling and analytic method, EPA TO-17. Ammonia air concentrations were also measured with an electrochemical sensor embedded in the DRI. Average TVOC concentrations calculated for 10 minute tasks ranged 0.02 - 6.49 ppm and the highest peak concentrations observed ranged 0.14-11 ppm. TVOC time concentration profiles indicated that exposures above background level remained present for about 20 minutes after cessation of the tasks. Among several targeted VOC compounds from cleaning mixtures, only 2-BE was detectable with the EPA method. The ten minute average 2- BE concentrations ranged 0.30 -21 ppm between tasks. The DRI underestimated 2-BE exposures compared to the results from the integrated method. The highest concentration of ammonia of 2.8 ppm occurred during mirror cleaning. Our results indicate that airborne exposures from short-term cleaning tasks can remain in the air even after tasks' cessation, suggesting potential exposures to anyone entering the room shortly after cleaning. Additionally, 2-BE concentrations from cleaning could approach occupational exposure limits and warrant further investigation. Measurement methods applied in this study can be useful for workplace assessment of airborne exposures during cleaning, if the limitations identified here are addressed.
Black Holes in f(R) theories
Creators: name: de la Cruz-Dombriz, A.
name: Dobado, A.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of $f(R)$ theories of gravity, we address the problem of finding static and spherically symmetric black hole solutions. Several aspects of constant curvature solutions with and without electric charge are discussed. We also study the general case (without imposing constant curvature). Following a perturbative approach around the Einstein-Hilbert action, it is found that only solutions of the Schwarzschild-(anti) de Sitter type are present up to second order in perturbations. Explicit expressions for the effective cosmological constant are obtained in terms of the $f(R)$ function. Finally, we have considered the thermodynamics of black holes in anti-de Sitter space-time and found that this kind of solutions can only exist provided the theory satisfies $R_0+f(R_0)<0$. Interestingly, this expression is related to the condition which guarantees the positivity of the effective Newton's constant in this type of theories. In addition, it also ensures that the thermodynamical properties in $f(R)$ gravities are qualitatively similar to those of standard General Relativity.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures. New comments and figures included. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Probing the pan-genome of Listeria monocytogenes: new insights into intraspecific niche expansion and genomic diversification
Creators: name: Deng, Xiangyu
name: Phillippy, Adam M
name: Li, Zengxin
name: Salzberg, Steven L
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2010
Subjects: Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Core Gene
Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array
Core Genome
Positive Fraction

description: Bacterial pathogens often show significant intraspecific variations in ecological fitness, host preference and pathogenic potential to cause infectious disease. The species of Listeria monocytogenes, a facultative intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of human listeriosis, consists of at least three distinct genetic lineages. Two of these lineages predominantly cause human sporadic and epidemic infections, whereas the third lineage has never been implicated in human disease outbreaks despite its overall conservation of many known virulence factors. Here we compare the genomes of 26 L. monocytogenes strains representing the three lineages based on both in silico comparative genomic analysis and high-density, pan-genomic DNA array hybridizations. We uncover 86 genes and 8 small regulatory RNAs that likely make L. monocytogenes lineages differ in carbohydrate utilization and stress resistance during their residence in natural habitats and passage through the host gastrointestinal tract. We also identify 2,330 to 2,456 core genes that define this species along with an open pan-genome pool that contains more than 4,052 genes. Phylogenomic reconstructions based on 3,560 homologous groups allowed robust estimation of phylogenetic relatedness among L. monocytogenes strains. Our pan-genome approach enables accurate co-analysis of DNA sequence and hybridization array data for both core gene estimation and phylogenomics. Application of our method to the pan-genome of L. monocytogenes sheds new insights into the intraspecific niche expansion and evolution of this important foodborne pathogen.
Cross characteristic representations of $^3D_4(q)$ are Reducible over proper subgroups
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hung Ngoc
name: Tiep, Pham Huu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the restriction of any absolutely irreducible representation of Steinberg's triality groups $^3D_4(q)$ in characteristic coprime to q to any proper subgroup is reducible
description: 12 pages; with an appendix by Frank Himstedt
Monotonic Convergence in an Information-Theoretic Law of Small Numbers
Creators: name: Yu, Yaming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An "entropy increasing to the maximum" result analogous to the entropic central limit theorem (Barron 1986; Artstein et al. 2004) is obtained in the discrete setting. This involves the thinning operation and a Poisson limit. Monotonic convergence in relative entropy is established for general discrete distributions, while monotonic increase of Shannon entropy is proved for the special class of ultra-log-concave distributions. Overall we extend the parallel between the information-theoretic central limit theorem and law of small numbers explored by Kontoyiannis et al. (2005) and Harremoës et al.\ (2007, 2008). Ingredients in the proofs include convexity, majorization, and stochastic orders.
description: minor changes; references added
Cognitive testing of physical activity and acculturation questions in recent and long-term Latino immigrants
Creators: name: Berrigan, David
name: Forsyth, Barbara H
name: Helba, Cynthia
name: Levin, Kerry
name: Norberg, Alicia
name: Willis, Gordon B
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2010
Subjects: Physical Activity
National Health Interview Survey
Recent Immigrant
Cognitive Interview
Question Wording

description: We ascertained the degree to which language (English versus Spanish), and residence time in the US influence responses to survey questions concerning two topics: self-reported acculturation status, and recent physical activity (PA). This topic is likely to be of general interest because of growing numbers of immigrants in countries worldwide. We carried out qualitative (cognitive) interviews of survey items on acculturation and physical activity on 27 Latino subjects from three groups: (a) In Spanish, of those of low residence time (less than five years living in the U.S.) (n = 9); (b) In Spanish, of those of high residence time (15 or more years in the U.S) (n = 9); and (c) in English, of those of high residence time (n = 9). There were very few language translation problems; general question design defects and socio-cultural challenges to survey responses were more common. Problems were found for both acculturation and PA questions, with distinct problem types for the two question areas. Residence time/language group was weakly associated with overall frequency of problems observed: low residence time/Spanish (86%), high residence time/Spanish (67%), and English speaking groups (62%). Standardized survey questions related to acculturation and physical activity present somewhat different cognitive challenges. For PA related questions, problems with such questions were similar regardless of subject residence time or language preference. For acculturation related questions, residence time/language or education level influenced responses to such questions. These observations should help in the interpretation of survey results for culturally diverse populations.
On the computability of some positive-depth supercuspidal characters near the identity
Creators: name: Cluckers, Raf
name: Cunningham, Clifton
name: Gordon, Julia
name: Spice, Loren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50, 03C98

description: This paper is concerned with the values of Harish-Chandra characters of a class of positive-depth, toral, very supercuspidal representations of $p$-adic symplectic and special orthogonal groups, near the identity element. We declare two representations equivalent if their characters coincide on a specific neighbourhood of the identity (which is larger than the neighbourhood on which Harish-Chandra local character expansion holds). We construct a parameter space $B$ (that depends on the group and a real number $r>0$) for the set of equivalence classes of the representations of minimal depth $r$ satisfying some additional assumptions. This parameter space is essentially a geometric object defined over $\Q$. Given a non-Archimedean local field $\K$ with sufficiently large residual characteristic, the part of the character table near the identity element for $G(\K)$ that comes from our class of representations is parameterized by the residue-field points of $B$. The character values themselves can be recovered by specialization from a constructible motivic exponential function. The values of such functions are algorithmically computable. It is in this sense that we show that a large part of the character table of the group $G(\K)$ is computable.
An Optimal Order Error Analysis of the One-Dimensional Quasicontinuum Approximation
Creators: name: Dobson, Matthew
name: Luskin, Mitchell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65Z05, 70C20

description: We derive a model problem for quasicontinuum approximations that allows a simple, yet insightful, analysis of the optimal-order convergence rate in the continuum limit for both the energy-based quasicontinuum approximation and the quasi-nonlocal quasicontinuum approximation. The optimal-order error estimates for the quasi-nonlocal quasicontinuum approximation are given for all strains up to the continuum limit strain for fracture. The analysis is based on an explicit treatment of the coupling error at the atomistic to continuum interface, combined with an analysis of the error due to atomistic and continuum schemes using the stability of the quasicontinuum approximation.
description: 18 pages
Arbitrary length XX spin chains boundary-driven by non-Markovian environments
Creators: name: Mouloudakis, G.
name: Ilias, T.
name: Lambropoulos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we provide a recursive method of calculating the wavefunction of a XX spin chain coupled at both ends to non-Markovian reservoirs with arbitrary spectral density. The method is based on the appropriate handling of the time-dependent Schrodinger's equations of motion in Laplace space and leads to closed form solutions of the transformed amplitudes, for arbitrary chain lengths as well as arbitrary initial conditions, within the single-excitation subspace. Results on the dynamical as well as state transfer properties of the system for various combinations of parameters are also presented. In particular, detailed quantitative comparisons for Lorentzian and Ohmic reservoirs are illustrated.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Supernovae data and perturbative deviation from homogeneity
Creators: name: Enqvist, Kari
name: Mattsson, Maria
name: Rigopoulos, Gerasimos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a spherically symmetric perturbation of a dust dominated $Ω=1$ FRW universe in the Newtonian gauge can lead to an apparent acceleration of standard candles and provide a fit to the magnitude-redshift relation inferred from the supernovae data, while the perturbation in the gravitational potential remains small at all scales. We also demonstrate that the supernovae data does not necessarily imply the presence of some additional non-perturbative contribution by showing that any Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi model fitting the supernovae data (with appropriate initial conditions) will be equivalent to a perturbed FRW spacetime along the past light cone.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; v2: 1 figure added, references added/updated, minor modifications and clarifications, matches published version
Monte Carlo Study of Electron and Positron Cosmic-Ray Propagation with the CALET Spectrum
Creators: name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Asaoka, Yoichi
name: Akaike, Yosui
name: Kawanaka, Norita
name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Motz, Holger M.
name: Terasawa, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Focusing on the electron and positron spectrum measured with CALET, which shows characteristic structures, we calculate flux contributions of cosmic rays escaped from supernova remnants, which were randomly born. We adopt a Monte Carlo method to take into account the stochastic property of births of nearby sources. We find that without a complicated energy dependence of the diffusion coefficient, simple power-law diffusion coefficients can produce spectra similar to the CALET spectrum even with a dispersion in the injection index. The positron component measured with AMS-02 is consistent with a bump-like structure around 300 GeV in the CALET spectrum. One to three nearby supernovae can contribute up to a few tens of percent of the CALET flux at 2--4 TeV, ten or more unknown and distant ($\gtrsim 500$ pc) supernovae account for the remaining several tens of percent of the flux. The CALET spectrum, showing a sharp drop at $\sim 1$ TeV, allows for a contribution of cosmic rays from an extraordinary event which occured $\sim 400$ kyr ago. This type of event releases electrons/positrons with a total energy more than 10 times the average energy for usual supernovae, and its occurrence rate is lower than $1/300$ of the usual supernova rate.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Energy Demand in Urban Household Sector: Increasing Electricity Access to displace Fossil fuel and substitutional fuel (cooking and water heating)
Creators: name: DINA O Temitope
name: OGBEMUDIA O Godfrey
name: AYANLAKE A  Olubisi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Energy demand analysis for the Urban Household Sector of Nigeria: Increasing Electricity Access to displace Fossil fuel and substitutional fuel (cooking and water heating)
Visualizing elements of Sha[3] in genus 2 jacobians
Creators: name: Bruin, Nils
name: Dahmen, Sander R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G30, 14H40

description: Mazur proved that any element xi of order three in the Shafarevich-Tate group of an elliptic curve E over a number field k can be made visible in an abelian surface A in the sense that xi lies in the kernel of the natural homomorphism between the cohomology groups H^1(k,E) -> H^1(k,A). However, the abelian surface in Mazur's construction is almost never a jacobian of a genus 2 curve. In this paper we show that any element of order three in the Shafarevich-Tate group of an elliptic curve over a number field can be visualized in the jacobians of a genus 2 curve. Moreover, we describe how to get explicit models of the genus 2 curves involved.
description: 12 pages
On finding multiplicities of characteristic polynomial factors of black-box matrices
Creators: name: Dumas, Jean-Guillaume
name: Pernet, Clément
name: Saunders, B. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present algorithms and heuristics to compute the characteristic polynomial of a matrix given its minimal polynomial. The matrix is represented as a black-box, i.e., by a function to compute its matrix-vector product. The methods apply to matrices either over the integers or over a large enough finite field. Experiments show that these methods perform efficiently in practice. Combined in an adaptive strategy, these algorithms reach significant speedups in practice for some integer matrices arising in an application from graph theory.
Spacetime expansion in the presence of a background velocity field
Creators: name: Asgari, Solmaz
name: Saffari, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we introduce a new metric assuming an additional velocity-based term in a spacetime metric. Although the inclusion of this additional phrase can indicate that the Lorentz symmetry has broken, the results of null geodesics demonstrate that the amount of variation in the speed of light is considerably smaller than what can be observed. This article delves into the primary use of this additional phrase in the expansion development of Minkowski and de Sitter spacetimes. The findings indicate that multiple versions of the velocity function may explain the universe's initial explosion and expansion behavior even before the inflation epoch, the inflation itself, and the universe's positive acceleration in late time cosmology without dark matter or dark energy. These models can also rebuild primordial black holes in the early universe as an alternative to dark matter.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in European Physical Journal Plus (EPJP)
Anomalous HCN emission from warm giant molecular clouds
Creators: name: Goicoechea, J. R.
name: Lique, F.
name: Santa-Maria, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HCN is considered a good tracer of the dense molecular gas that serves as fuel for star formation. However, recent large-scale surveys of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) have detected extended HCN line emission. Such observations often resolve the HCN J=1-0 hyperfine structure (HFS). A precise determination of the physical conditions of the gas requires treating the HFS line overlap effects. Here, we study the HCN HFS excitation and line emission using nonlocal radiative transfer models that include line overlaps and new HFS-resolved collisional rate coefficients for inelastic collisions of HCN with both para-H2 and ortho-H2 (computed via the scaled-IOS approximation up to Tk=500 K). In addition, we account for the role of electron collisions in the HFS level excitation. We find that line overlap and opacity effects frequently produce anomalous HCN J=1-0 HFS line intensity ratios (inconsistent with the common assumption of the same Tex for all HFS lines) as well as anomalous HFS line width ratios. Line overlap and electron collisions also enhance the excitation of the higher J rotational lines. Electron excitation becomes important for molecular gas with H2 densities below a few 10^5 cm-3 and electron abundances above ~10^-5. In particular, electron excitation can produce low-surface-brightness HCN emission from very extended but low-density gas in GMCs. The existence of such a widespread HCN emission component may affect the interpretation of the extragalactic relationship HCN luminosity versus star-formation rate. Alternatively, extended HCN emission may arise from dense star-forming cores and become resonantly scattered by large envelopes of lower density gas. There are two scenarios - namely, electron-assisted (weakly) collisionally excited versus scattering - that lead to different HCN J=1-0 HFS intensity ratios, which can be tested on the basis of observations.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Abridged Abstract. This is v2 after minor editorial changes
การกำหนดขนาดตัวอย่าง sample size
Creators: name: ระพีพรรณ ฉลองสุข
Publisher: name: คณะเภสัชศาสตร์ ม.ศิลปากร /โรงพิมพ์ ม.ศิลปากร
Year: 2552
Subjects: การกำหนดขนาดตัวอย่าง, sample size, The Central Limit Theorem, power of the test

description: 1( Jan-Dec), 2550, ไทยไภษัชยนิพนธ์
Supplementary document of the article titled 'Quality Evaluation Meta-model for Open Source Software'
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Nebi
name: Kolukısa Tarhan, Ayça
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Software quality
Quality evaluation
Quality measurement
Quality metrics
Meta-model
Quality model

description: This document is a supplementary document of the article titled 'Quality Evaluation Meta-model for Open Source Software'
Algorithms for Producing and Ordering Lexical and Nonlexical Sequences out of one Element
Creators: name: Abboud, Elias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A17, 68R15, 37B10

description: This paper deals with algorithms for producing and ordering lexical and nonlexical sequences of a given degree. The notion of "elementary operations" on positive integral sequences is introduced. Our main theorem answers the question of when two lexical sequences are adjacent.
description: 17 pages, to appear in Annals of Combinatorics
Stellar rotation and its connection to the evolution of hydrogen-dominated atmospheres of exoplanets
Creators: name: Kubyshkina, Daria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population of known low- to intermediate-mass exoplanets shows a large spread in densities, which is believed to be due to the diversity of planetary atmospheres and thus controlled by planetary atmospheric mass loss. One of the main drivers of long-term atmospheric escape is the absorption of high-energy XUV radiation from the host star. For main sequence solar-like stars, rotation and XUV radiation are closely connected, with faster rotating stars being XUV brighter and with both rotation and XUV decreasing with time. This evolution, however, does not follow a unique path, as stars born with the same mass and metallicity can have widely different initial rotation rates. This non-uniqueness holds up to about 1 Gyr, while atmospheric escape from exoplanets is strongest. The atmospheric mass loss through this period is often deciding the future of the planet and its position in the observed population. Therefore, the diversity of possible stellar histories can be an uncertain factor affecting the predictions of population studies. Here, I explore its relevance for different planets and different host stars.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of the XMM-Newton Workshop 2021 "A High-Energy View of Exoplanets and their Environments". Original article can be found at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asna.20210077
Quantum integrability and supersymmetric vacua
Creators: name: Nekrasov, Nikita A.
name: Shatashvili, Samson L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an announcement of some of the results of a longer paper where the supersymmetric vacua of two dimensional N=2 susy gauge theories with matter are shown to be in one-to-one correspondence with the eigenstates of integrable spin chain Hamiltonians. The correspondence between the Heisenberg spin chain and the two dimensional U(N) theory with fundamental hypermultiplets is reviewed in detail. We demonstrate the isomorphism of the equivariant quantum cohomology of the cotangent bundle to the Grassmanian manifold Gr(N,L) and the ring of quantum integrals of motion of the length L SU(2) XXX spin chain, in the N-particle sector. This paper accompanies arXiv:0901.4744
description: 21 pp., short version II, conference in honour of T.Eguchi's 60th anniversary; v2. typos and refs corrected
title: Wearable pressure sensing for intelligent gesture recognition
Creators: name: Liu, Yuchi
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: The development of wearable sensors has become a major area of interest due to their wide range of promising applications, including health monitoring, human motion detection, human-machine interfaces, electronic skin and soft robotics. Particularly, pressure sensors have attracted considerable attention in wearable applications. However, traditional pressure sensing systems are using rigid sensors to detect the human motions. Lightweight and flexible pressure sensors are required to improve the comfortability of devices. Furthermore, in comparison with conventional sensing techniques without smart algorithm, machine learning-assisted wearable systems are capable of intelligently analysing data for classification or prediction purposes, making the system ‘smarter’ for more demanding tasks. Therefore, combining flexible pressure sensors and machine learning is a promising method to deal with human motion recognition. This thesis focuses on fabricating flexible pressure sensors and developing wearable applications to recognize human gestures. Firstly, a comprehensive literature review was conducted, including current state-of-the-art on pressure sensing techniques and machine learning algorithms. Secondly, a piezoelectric smart wristband was developed to distinguish finger typing movements. Three machine learning algorithms, K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), were used to classify the movement of different fingers. The SVM algorithm outperformed other classifiers with an overall accuracy of 98.67% and 100% when processing raw data and extracted features. Thirdly, a piezoresistive wristband was fabricated based on a flake-sphere composite configuration in which reduced graphene oxide fragments are doped with polystyrene spheres to achieve both high sensitivity and flexibility. The flexible wristband measured the pressure distribution around the wrist for accurate and comfortable hand gesture classification. The intelligent wristband was able to classify 12 hand gestures with 96.33% accuracy for five participants using a machine learning algorithm. Moreover, for demonstrating the practical applications of the proposed method, a realtime system was developed to control a robotic hand according to the classification results. Finally, this thesis also demonstrates an intelligent piezoresistive sensor to recognize different throat movements during pronunciation. The piezoresistive sensor was fabricated using two PolyDimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers that were coated with silver nanowires and reduced graphene oxide films, where the microstructures were fabricated by the polystyrene spheres between the layers. The highly sensitive sensor was able to distinguish throat vibrations from five different spoken words with an accuracy of 96% using the artificial neural network algorithm.
การดำเนินงานบ้านหนังสือชุมชนในจังหวัดพิษณุโลก
Creators: name: น้อย คันชั่งทอง
Publisher: name: Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2563
Subjects: Community Learning Center, Public library

description: Journal of Library and Information Science Srinakharinwirot University, 13, 2, 27-38.
Interplay between quadrupolar and magnetic interactions in 5$d^{1}$ double perovskite Ba$_2$MgReO$_6$ under pressure
Creators: name: Arima, Hiroto
name: Oshita, Yoshiaki
name: Hirai, Daigorou
name: Hiroi, Zenji
name: Matsubayashi, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the electrical resistivity, AC magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat of the cubic double perovskite Ba$_2$MgReO$_6$ under pressure. The application of pressure leads to a gradual increase in the transition temperature to the canted antiferromagnetic order, while the quadrupolar order is suppressed above 5 GPa, at which a collinear antiferromagnetic state appears. The obtained unit cell volume-temperature phase diagram for the compound as well as the related compounds suggests that Ba$_2$MgReO$_6$ exists near the phase boundary between the noncollinear and the collinear antiferromagnetic order with multipole decrees of freedom.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The Bondi-Metzner-Sachs group in five spacetime dimensions
Creators: name: Fuentealba, Oscar
name: Henneaux, Marc
name: Matulich, Javier
name: Troessaert, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study asymptotically flat spacetimes in five spacetime dimensions by Hamiltonian methods, focusing on spatial infinity and keeping all asymptotically relevant nonlinearities in the transformation laws and in the charge-generators. Precise boundary conditions that lead to a consistent variational principle are given. We show that the algebra of asymptotic symmetries, which had not been uncovered before, is a nonlinear deformation of the semi-direct product of the Lorentz algebra by an abelian algebra involving four independent (and not just one) arbitrary functions of the angles on the $3$-sphere at infinity, with non trivial central charges. The nonlinearities occur in the Poisson brackets of the boost generators with themselves and with the other generators. They would be invisible in a linearized treatment of infinity.
description: 5 pages, no figures