cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Regional Structure and Kinematic History of the Sevier Fold-and-Thrust Belt, Central Utah: Discussion
Creators: name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Anders, Mark H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geomorphology
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: DeCelles and Coogan (2006) summarize the structure and evolution of the Late Jurassic to Paleocene Sevier orogenic belt in central Utah, inferring at least 220 km of crustal shortening on the basis of a regional balanced cross section. Difficulties arise in an otherwise excellent synthesis in their treatment of the Sevier Desert basin, where 47 km of normal slip is interpreted on a Cenozoic detachment in spite of mounting evidence that no such structure exists. DeCelles and Coogan acknowledge the possibility that the prominent seismic reflection marking the Paleozoic-Cenozoic contact may correspond with an unconformity rather than a fault. However, they dismiss the inconvenient absence of evidence for deformation along the interpreted detachment as “local and equivocal,” ignore a comprehensive re-evaluation of subsurface geophysical and geological data by Wills et al. (2005), and claim incorrectly that the construction of a balanced cross section “implicitly demonstrates the geometric and kinematic validity of the detachment interpretation for the …. reflection” (p. 844). Balanced cross sections are only as good as the observational constraints and assumptions upon which they are based. If the detachment that is a central assumption of DeCelles and Coogan's cross section is, in fact, not a fault, a better section can be drawn.
title: Effects of Soluble Calcium-to-Protein Ratio on Age Gelation of Ultra
Creators: name: Ryue, Je Hong
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: Reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF) retentates were ultra-high temperature (UHT) processed and compared for storage life at room temperature. Viscosity studies indicated that UHT-treated, RO retentate delayed age gelation longer than UF retentate at the same total solids level (26% TS). When compared at 6.4% protein level (2x RO vs 2.7x UF where x=ratio of the feed volume to concentrate volume), the storage life for both RO and UF retentates was about 6 to 8 months.
Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and disodium phosphate (DSP) at 1, 3, 5, 10, and 20 mM concentrations were incorporated prior to UHT processing of each sample to improve the shelf life. SHMP at 1 and 3 mM concentrations was effective in delaying age gelation, whereas all levels of DSP accelerated gelation. However, SHMP accelerated age gelation at concentrations of 10 and 20 mM. SHMP at 1 mM in RO retentate was more effective in delaying age gelation than the same SHMP level in two UF samples (22 and 26% TS).
Analysis showed that RO/UHT-treated samples had higher soluble calcium and ionic calcium than did UF/UHT-treated samples. The coefficient of determination (R2) was .80 between soluble calcium-to-protein ratio and shelf life.
On the existence of weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Wei, David Yuen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The existence of a weak solution u(x, t) , in the -sense of J. Le'ray ([7]), is established for the initial-boundary value problem for the Navier-Stokes equations: [Formula omitted] The solution is required to satisfy the initial condition u(x, 0) = u[subscript]o (x) for x ɛΩ, and the boundary condition u(x, t) = 0 on ∂Ω x [0, T], where Ω is an open bounded domain in IR[superscript]n, with 2 ≤ n ≤ 4. Galerkin's method is employed to find a weak solution u as the limit of approximate solutions {u[subscript]m} . The convergence of the {u[subscript]m}is guaranteed by some compact embedding theorems, which depend on a priori estimates for the {u[subscript]m} and their fractional time derivatives of order Ƴ, 0<Ƴ<1/4.
An Ideal Mean-Field Transition in a Modulated Cold Atom System
Creators: name: Heo, Myoung-Sun
name: Kim, Yonghee
name: Kim, Kihwan
name: Moon, Geol
name: Lee, Junhyun
name: Noh, Heung-Ryoul
name: Dykman, M. I.
name: Jhe, Wonho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an atomic system in a periodically modulated optical trap displays an ideal mean-field symmetry-breaking transition. The symmetry is broken with respect to time translation by the modulation period. The transition is due to the interplay of the long-range interatomic interaction and nonequilibrium fluctuations. The observed critical dynamics, including anomalous fluctuations in the symmetry broken phase, are fully described by the proposed microscopic theory.
title: Celticism and the Volk: Tracing the ideas and networks that shaped Irish archaeology
Creators: name: Whitefield, Andrew
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ireland
subject: archaeology
subject: Nationalism
subject: Celtic
subject: Irish
subject: Folk
subject: Volk
subject: Nazi
subject: Networks

description: The scholarly networks that shaped the discipline of archaeology were often highly politicized. Antiquarianism in Ireland was largely a colonial endeavor. The majority Gaelic-Catholic population were excluded from the social and professional circles from which antiquaries were drawn. By denigrating Ireland’s past, colonial antiquaries made the case for the imposition of Britain’s cultural values in Ireland. During the later-eighteenth century, romantic nationalism and the Ossian vogue generated international scholarly interest in Ireland’s ‘Celtic’ past. The Celtic Revival movement was initiated in the early nineteenth century by Anglo-Irish intellectuals. As the movement developed it took root among the expanding Gaelic Irish middle class. ‘Celtic’ antiquities, art, and literature became the iconography of a new ethnic nationalism. During the interwar years, Nazi Germany ‘weaponized’ ethnicity. The ‘Celtic’ regions of northern Europe were seen to preserve the lifeways, traditions, and values of the imagined golden age of Nordic Aryan supremacy in Europe. This was the past the Nazis wanted to recreate in the present. Archaeologists, folklorists, and linguists were deployed by the Nazis to infiltrate Celtic movements. Ireland’s leading archaeologist during the interwar years was an Austrian Nazi. The legacy of this period remains deeply embedded in archaeological practice in Ireland to this day.
Three exceptionally strong East-Asian summer monsoon events during glacial times in the past 470 kyr
Creators: name: Rousseau, Denis-Didier
name: Wu, N.
name: Pei, Y.
name: Li, F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Geobiology
Paleoclimatology
Atmosphere

description: Chinese loess sequences are interpreted as a reliable record of the past variation of the East Asian monsoon regime through the alternation of loess and paleosols units, dominated by the winter and summer monsoon, respectively. Different proxies have been used to describe this system, mostly geophysical, geochemical or sedimentological. Terrestrial mollusks are also a reliable proxy of past environmental conditions and are often preserved in large numbers in loess deposits. The analysis of the mollusk remains in the Luochuan sequence, comprising L5 loess to S0 soil, i.e. the last 500 ka, shows that for almost all identified species, the abundance is higher at the base of the interval (L5 to L4) than in the younger deposits. Using the present ecological requirements of the identified mollusk species in the Luochuan sequence allows the definition of two main mollusk groups varying during the last 500 kyr. The cold-aridiphilous individuals indicate the so-called Asian winter monsoon regime and predominantly occur during glacials, when dust is deposited. The thermal-humidiphilous mollusks are prevalent during interglacial or interstadial conditions of the Asian summer monsoon, when soil formation takes place. In the sequence, three events with exceptionally high abundance of the Asian summer monsoon indicators are recorded during the L5, L4 and L2 glacial intervals, i.e., at about 470, 360 and 170 kyr, respectively. The L5 and L4 events appear to be the strongest (high counts). Similar variations have also been identified in the Xifeng sequence, distant enough from Luochuan, but also in Lake Baikal further North, to suggest that this phenomenon is regional rather than local. The indicators of the summer monsoon within the glacial intervals imply a strengthened East-Asian monsoon interpreted as corresponding to marine isotope stages 12, 10 and 6, respectively. The L5 and L2 summer monsoons are coeval with Mediterranean sapropels S12 and S6, which characterize a strong African summer monsoon with relatively low surface water salinity in the Indian Ocean. Changes in the precipitation regime could correspond to a response to a particular astronomical configuration (low obliquity, low precession, summer solstice at perihelion) leading to an increased summer insolation gradient between the tropics and the high latitudes and resulting in enhanced atmospheric water transport from the tropics to the African and Asian continents. However, other climate drivers such as reorganization of marine and atmospheric circulations, tectonic, and the extent of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheet are also discussed.
Purification effect and microorganisms diversity in an Acorus calamus constructed wetland on petroleum-containing wastewater
Creators: name: Xiang, Wei
name: Xiao, Xin
name: Xue, Junyin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: A constructed wetland system with Acorus calamus (A. calamus) was developed to investigate the purification efficiency of petroleum-containing wastewater. High-throughput sequencing was employed to investigate bacterial richness and diversity, bacterial community structure variation between spring and summer, and the effect of bacteria on petroleum-containing wastewater purification in the system. The results showed that the constructed wetland systems with A. calamus purified the petroleum-containing wastewater well. The average removal rates of petroleum pollutants, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were 97%, 80%, 67%, and 54%, respectively. A total of 22 strains were identified by 16SrDNA clone library gene sequencing. The bacteria mainly contained Acinetobacter, Rhizobium, and Rhodobacter. These bacteria had significant effects on organic matter decomposition and nitrogen removal, and played a major role in the removal of petroleum pollutants, COD, and TN in the constructed wetland. The bacterial richness and community diversity were higher in the summer sample than that in the spring sample. The treatment effect on petroleum pollutants was better in summer. Petroleum pollutant removal rate by the A. calamus system has a significant positive correlation with the Chao1 and Ace diversity indices (p < 0.05).
title: The Impact of Nutrition Education on Dietary Behavior and Iron Status in Participants of the Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children, and the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program
Creators: name: Christensen, Nedra K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1993

description: This study was conducted to determine the impact of nutrition edu cation on participants of the Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) and the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP). The specific objectives were to: 1) determine the impact of participation in EFNEP on iron status as assessed by hematocrit (hct) and ferritin levels; 2) determine the effect of nutrition knowledge on hct and ferritin values; and 3) determine the effect dietary behavior has on hct and ferritin levels for both WIC and EFNEP participants.
Each study participant completed a 24-hour dietary recall record plus food frequency record, medical history, validated nutrition knowledge test, and finger stick blood sample prior to program enrollment or nutrition education, and again six months later. There were 42 WIC, 26 EFNEP, 23 WIC-control, and 23 EFNEP-control participants.
Paired t-tests were used to find differences between preprogram and postprogram evaluation scores for the variables of nutrition knowledge score, hematocrit level, ferritin level, and levels of several nutrients. Nutrition knowledge test scores increased significantly from preprogram to postprogram for both WIC and EFNEP participants (14.2 ± 3.27 to 15.5 ± 2.89 for WIC, 14.2 ± 3.77 to 15.6 ± 2.79 for EFNEP). EFNEP participants also increased significantly in hct levels (38.5% ± 3.78 to 40.7% ± 2.13). Hematocrit levels did not change significantly for the WIC or control groups and nutrition knowledge did not increase for the control group between preprogram and postprogram evaluations.
Mean intakes of vitamin A, vitamin c, calcium, and protein were above the RDA at preprogram and postprogram evaluations, yet the percentage of individual participants who consumed less than 67% of the RDA in this study was higher than in the continuing survey of Food Intake of Individuals - 1985. Improvement in nutrient intake at postprogram evaluations was encouraging.
Regression analysis indicated that nutrition education classes in college, income level, and level of formal education each had a positive effect on nutrient intake and nutrition knowledge.
The Eye and the Ideas
Creators: name: Mantovani, Mattia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Descartes
subject: Optik
subject: Ideen
subject: Naturphilosophie
subject: Optics
subject: Ideas
subject: Natural philosophy
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie
subject: CF 3017
subject: CC 4000
subject: CC 5300
subject: CC 6400

description: Das Buch argumentiert, dass Descartes seine Metaphysik von Körpern durch ein zweistufiges Argument begründet hat: Ersteres (letztendlich auf der Theorie der Ideen beruhend) soll beweisen, dass Körper erweiterte Substanzen sind; Letzteres (das die gesamte Naturphilosophie von Descartes nutzt) sollte beweisen, dass Körper nichts anderes als erweiterte Substanzen sind. Das Buch zeigt, dass es für Descartes keine Argumente aus der „ersten Philosophie“ gibt, die beweisen könnten, dass Körper nichts als erweiterte Substanzen sind. Es zeigt, dass Descartes’ Argument, alle „realen Qualitäten“ und „wesentlichen Formen“ der Scholastiker zu eliminieren, letztendlich ein Argument für die beste Erklärung ist, die auf ontologischer Sparsamkeit beruht. Mit anderen Worten, ein Rasiermesser. Insbesondere war es die Visionstheorie, den Paradigmenfall für Descartes’ Ontologie materieller Substanzen zu liefern. Die Arbeit kam zu dem Schluss, dass – entgegen der Behauptung praktisch aller kartesischen Gelehrten – die These, dass Körper nichts als erweiterte Dinge sind, nicht der Ausgangspunkt von Descartes’ Physik ist, sondern ihre Krönung.
description: The work argues that Descartes established his metaphysics of bodies by means of a two-step argument: the former (ultimately grounded on the theory of ideas) being intended to prove that bodies are extended substances; the latter (which takes advantage of Descartes’ entire natural philosophy) aimed at proving that bodies are nothing but extended substances. It shows that for Descartes there are no arguments from ‘first philosophy’ that could prove that bodies are nothing but extended substances. The work shows that Descartes’ argument to eliminate all “real qualities” and “substantial forms” of the Scholastics is ultimately an argument to the best explanation driven by ontological parsimony. In other words, a razor. More in particular, it was the theory of vision to provide the paradigm case for Descartes’ ontology of material substances. The work concluded that, contrary to what claimed by virtually all Cartesian scholars, the thesis that bodies are nothing but extended things is not therefore the starting point of Descartes’ physics, but its crowning achievement.
The transient and the late time attractor tachyon dark energy: Can we distinguish it from quintessence ?
Creators: name: Ali, Amna
name: Sami, M.
name: Sen, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The string inspired tachyon field can serve as a candidate of dark energy. Its equation of state parameter $w$ varies from 0 to -1. In case of tachyon field potential $V(ϕ)\to 0$ slower(faster) than $1/ϕ^2$ at infinity, dark energy(dark matter) is a late time attractor. We investigate the tachyon dark energy models under the assumption that $w$ is close to -1. We find that all the models exhibit unique behavior around the present epoch which is exactly same as that of the thawing quintessence.
description: 6 pages, 7 eps figures, Revtex style, minor changes, references added, Accepted in Physical Review D
Probing the radio to X-ray connection of the Vela X PWN with Fermi LAT and H.E.S.S
Creators: name: de Jager, O. C.
name: Slane, P. O.
name: LaMassa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Morphologically it appears as if the Vela X PWN consists of two emission regions: whereas X-ray (1 keV) and very high energy (VHE) H.E.S.S. gamma-ray observations appear to define a cocoon type shape south of the pulsar, radio observations reveal an extended area of size 2 deg by 3 deg (including the cocoon area), also south of the Vela pulsar. Since no wide field of view (FoV) observations of the synchrotron emission between radio and X-rays are available, we do not know how the lepton (e+/-) spectra of these two components connect and how the morphology changes with energy. Currently we find that two distinct lepton spectra describe the respective radio and X-ray/VHE gamma-ray spectra, with a field strength of 5 muG self-consistently describing a radiation spectral break (or energy maximum) in the multi-TeV domain as observed by H.E.S.S. (if interpreted as IC radiation), while predicting the total hard X-ray flux above 20 keV (measured by the wide FoV INTEGRAL instrument) within a factor of two. If this same field strength is also representative of the radio structure (including filaments), the implied IC component corresponding to the highest radio frequencies should reveal a relatively bright high energy gamma-ray structure and Fermi LAT should be able to resolve it. A higher field strength in the filaments would however imply fewer leptons in Vela X and hence a fainter Fermi LAT signal.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters, 11 pages, 1 figure
Sequence Stratigraphy and Evolution of a Basin-Slope Succession: The Late Proterozoic Wonoka Formation, Flinders Ranges, South Australia
Creators: name: DiBona, P. A.
name: Von Der Borch, C. C.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic
subject: Submarine geology

description: A shelf to basin‐slope transition is vertically and laterally exposed within the Late Proterozoic Wonoka Formation in the northern Flinders Ranges of South Australia. The shelf to basin‐slope transition can be divided into four units (C to F) which are defined on the basis of facies, sedimentary structures, contacts, stratal geometry, and the type and abundance of down‐slope mass movement. The lowest unit (C) is mudstone dominated and parallel laminated with rare synsedimentary slides. Unit D, a thin, resedimented siliciclastic‐carbonate unit deposited on a sequence boundary at the end of unit C progradation, displays a lateral facies change from well bedded ‘outer shelf deposits in the east to basin‐slope debris flows in the west. Unit E forms a shallowing and coarsening upward succession from ‘outer shelf siltstone to ‘inner shelf storm wave influenced sandstone deposits. The unit thickens westwards, in the interpreted down‐slope direction, where it becomes finer grained and thinner bedded and displays an increasing abundance of synsedimentary slides. Unit F, deposited on an inferred shelf to basin‐slope transition, coarsens and shallows upward, thickens to the west and contains the highest percentage of sandstone and synsedimentary slides. Unit G, deposited at shelf depths, also shallows and coarsens upward from a thin, basal carbonate‐siliciclastic member, with sandstone increasing upsection to a gradational contact with the Pound Subgroup. Three sequences can be defined within this transition on the basis of facies, stratal terminations, and facies discontinuities at inferred sequence boundaries. Each sequence is marked by a transgressive base, overlain by a shallowing‐upward succession. On the inferred shelf and near the shelfbreak, toward the top of the succession, facies discontinuities at sequence boundaries are more obvious, with distinct contrasts in lithology and inferred palaeoenvironments; farther down‐slope and stratigraphically lower in the succession, the boundaries are cryptic, and only lateral tracing of the contacts from the shelf to the slope or the observation of stratal terminations permits them to be recognized.
New supersymmetric flux vacua of type II string theory and Generalized Complex Geometry
Creators: name: Andriot, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Minkowski supersymmetric flux vacua of type II string theory. Based on the work by M. Grana, R. Minasian, M. Petrini and A. Tomasiello, we briefly explain how to reformulate things in terms of Generalized Complex Geometry, which appears to be a natural framework for these compactifications. In particular, it provides a mathematical characterization of the internal manifold, and one is then able to find new solutions, which cannot be constructed as usual via T-dualities from a warped T^6 solution. Furthermore, we discuss how, thanks to a specific change of variables, one can ease the resolution of the orientifold projection constraints pointed out by P. Koerber and D. Tsimpis. One is then able to find new solutions with intermediate SU(2) structure.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the 4th EU RTN Workshop (09/2008, Varna, Bulgaria), 7 pages
Reconstruction of solar UV irradiance since 1974
Creators: name: Krivova, N. A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Wenzler, T.
name: Podlipnik, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variations of the solar UV irradiance are an important driver of chemical and physical processes in the Earth's upper atmosphere and may also influence global climate. Here we reconstruct solar UV irradiance in the range 115-400 nm over the period 1974-2007 by making use of the recently developed empirical extension of the SATIRE models employing SUSIM data. The evolution of the solar photospheric magnetic flux, which is a central input to the model, is described by the magnetograms and continuum images recorded at the Kitt Peak National Solar Observatory between 1974 and 2003 and by the MDI instrument on SoHO since 1996. The reconstruction extends the available observational record by 1.5 solar cycles. The reconstructed Ly-alpha irradiance agrees well with the composite time series by Woods et al (2000). The amplitude of the irradiance variations grows with decreasing wavelength and in the wavelength regions of special interest for studies of the Earth's climate (Ly-alpha and oxygen absorption continuum and bands between 130 and 350 nm) is one to two orders of magnitude stronger than in the visible or if integrated over all wavelengths (total solar irradiance).
Interactions between Neoparamoeba spp. and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) immune system components
Creators: name: Gross, Kally Anne
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The protozoan parasite Neoparamoeba spp. infects the gills of marine cultured Atlantic salmon in Tasmania, Australia causing amoebic gill disease (AGD) and if untreated causes significant production losses. Knowledge of the interaction between Neoparamoeba spp. and host immune factors or cells is limited; specific anti-Neoparamoeba spp. antibodies are present in the serum of fish naturally exposed and sheep anti-Neoparamoeba spp. antibodies do not affect the viability of Neoparamoeba spp. This thesis investigates in vitro and in vivo interactions between the host (Atlantic salmon) and Neoparamoeba spp. The effect of Neoparamoeba spp. on in vitro innate immune cell function was investigated. Sonicated Neoparamoeba spp. did not stimulate a respiratory burst response from anterior kidney leukocytes (P> 0.05). However, there was evidence of priming as cells incubated with the pathogen and then stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) produced more (P < 0.05) reactive oxygen species (ROS) than cells stimulated with PMA alone. Neoparamoeba spp. culture supernatant did not affect immune cell function (P> 0.05). Further in vitro investigations found that there was no effect of host serum and mucus on parasite viability (P> 0.05). The effect of Neoparamoeba spp. infection on in vitro gill cell function was assessed. A technique was developed to isolate viable gill cells from perfused gills. Gill cells were tested for their ability to produce ROS, engulf yeast cells and chemotaxis. Cells did not produce ROS in the presence of PMA above basal levels, did not chemotactically migrate and few cells were capable of phagocytosis despite cell viability greater than 80 %. In light of these observations further studies utilised anterior kidney cells. Anterior kidney cells were used to investigate the effect of gill infection on innate immune cell function (ROS production, phagocytosis and chemotactic ability) ex vivo. There was a significant (P <0.05) effect of infection on ROS production 8 and 11 days post Neoparamoeba spp. exposure. A previous study reported increased resistance to AGD in fish that had been infected with Neoparamoeba spp.. However, these results were not consistent with the experiences of commercial aquaculture ventures that have performed similar investigations; therefore the study was repeated. It was found that recovered fish were equally susceptible (P> 0.05) to disease upon re-infection as na‚àövòve fish. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify Ig bearing cells in the gills of Atlantic salmon. The spatial and temporal distribution of Ig bearing cells was not different between affected and un-affected fish (P> 0.05). Together the data presented in this thesis identify that the interactions between host and pathogen are complex. The parasite may elude destructive immune cell defences by avoiding initiation of deleterious mechanisms or by immunosuppression.
Tropical Intraseasonal Variability in Version 3 of the GFDL Atmosphere Model
Creators: name: Benedict, James J.
name: Maloney, Eric D.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Frierson, Dargan M.
name: Donner, Leo J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmosphere
Hydrology

description: Tropical intraseasonal variability is examined in version 3 of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Atmosphere Model (AM3). In contrast to its predecessor AM2, AM3 uses a new treatment of deep and shallow cumulus convection and mesoscale clouds. The AM3 cumulus parameterization is a mass-flux-based scheme but also, unlike that in AM2, incorporates subgrid-scale vertical velocities; these play a key role in cumulus microphysical processes. The AM3 convection scheme allows multiphase water substance produced in deep cumuli to be transported directly into mesoscale clouds, which strongly influence large-scale moisture and radiation fields. The authors examine four AM3 simulations using a control model and three versions with different modifications to the deep convection scheme. In the control AM3, using a convective closure based on CAPE relaxation, both MJO and Kelvin waves are weak relative to those in observations. By modifying the convective closure and trigger assumptions to inhibit deep cumuli, AM3 produces reasonable intraseasonal variability but a degraded mean state. MJO-like disturbances in the modified AM3 propagate eastward at roughly the observed speed in the Indian Ocean but up to 2 times the observed speed in the west Pacific Ocean. Distinct differences in intraseasonal convective organization and propagation exist among the modified AM3 versions. Differences in vertical diabatic heating profiles associated with the MJO are also found. The two AM3 versions with the strongest intraseasonal signals have a more prominent “bottom heavy” heating profile leading the disturbance center and “top heavy” heating profile following the disturbance. The more realistic heating structures are associated with an improved depiction of moisture convergence and intraseasonal convective organization in AM3.
A Deep Chandra X-ray Spectrum of the Accreting Young Star TW Hydrae
Creators: name: Brickhouse, N. S.
name: Cranmer, S. R.
name: Dupree, A. K.
name: Luna, G. J. M.
name: Wolk, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray spectral analysis of the accreting young star TW Hydrae from a 489 ks observation using the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating. The spectrum provides a rich set of diagnostics for electron temperature T_e, electron density N_e, hydrogen column density N_H, relative elemental abundances and velocities and reveals its source in 3 distinct regions of the stellar atmosphere: the stellar corona, the accretion shock, and a very large extended volume of warm postshock plasma. The presence of Mg XII, Si XIII, and Si XIV emission lines in the spectrum requires coronal structures at ~10 MK. Lower temperature lines (e.g., from O VIII, Ne IX, and Mg XI) formed at 2.5 MK appear more consistent with emission from an accretion shock. He-like Ne IX line ratio diagnostics indicate that T_e = 2.50 +/- 0.25 MK and N_e = 3.0 +/- 0.2 x 10^(12) cm^(-3) in the shock. These values agree well with standard magnetic accretion models. However, the Chandra observations significantly diverge from current model predictions for the postshock plasma. This gas is expected to cool radiatively, producing O VII as it flows into an increasingly dense stellar atmosphere. Surprisingly, O VII indicates N_e = 5.7 ^(+4.4}_(-1.2) x 10^(11) cm^(-3), five times lower than N_e in the accretion shock itself, and ~7 times lower than the model prediction. We estimate that the postshock region producing O VII has roughly 300 times larger volume, and 30 times more emitting mass than the shock itself. Apparently, the shocked plasma heats the surrounding stellar atmosphere to soft X-ray emitting temperatures and supplies this material to nearby large magnetic structures -- which may be closed magnetic loops or open magnetic field leading to mass outflow. (Abridged)
description: 13 pages (emulateapj style), 10 figures, ApJ, in press
title: Anaerobic Treatment of Whey Permeate Using Upflow Sludge Blanket Bioreactors
Creators: name: Hwang, Seokhwan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1993

description: Whey permeate was anaerobically digested in laboratory scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors. Nine hydraulic retention times between 5 and 0.2 days were examined with a fixed influent concentration of 10.6 ± 0.2 g COD/L.
Chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency ranged from 99.0 to 18.9% and maximum production rate of methane gas was 2.67 L/L/day at a hydraulic loading rate of 12.97 kg COD/m3/day. About 70% of the chemical oxygen demand removed was converted to methane.
Both the nonlinear least square method with 95% confidence interval and linear regression were used to evaluate kinetic coefficients. The maximum substrate utilization rate, k, and half saturation coefficient, KL, were determined to be 1.269 ± 0.163 Kg COD/kg VSS/day and 1.000 ± 0.179 kg COD/kg VSS/day. The yield coefficient, Y, and biomass decay rate coefficient, Kd, were also determined to be 0.160 ± 0.012 kg VSS/kg COD and 0.027 ± 0.004 day-1, respectively.
title: A Study of Factors Controlling Physical Properties of Mozzarella Cheese and the Manufacture of a Reduced Fat Mozzarella Cheese
Creators: name: Merrill, Richard Kevin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1993

description: Variables affecting the physical properties of Mozzarella cheese were investigated. The effects of various milk-clotting enzymes were examined. The type of milk coagulating enzyme used played a significant role in determining physical properties of direct acid Mozzarella cheese. Cook color was not affected by enzyme type, but melt and stretch were significantly affected.
Proteolytic nature of starter cultures was reviewed and recommendation s were give n. Cheese made with proteinase-deficient strains had more stretch after holding for 14 and 28 d than cheese made with non-deficient strains. Cheese made with pairs or single strains of L. helveticus had the same melt, more stretch, and less cook color than cheeses made with paired strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus.
Frozen storage, thawing, and shredding of Mozzarella cheese were described and suggestions given for optimizing shelf life. Shredding, freeze temperature, thaw temperature , and time of storage had no effect on cook color. Frozen, shredded cheese stretched more and melted less than non-shredded frozen cheese.
Reduced fat, high moisture Mozzarella cheese was made and found acceptable when compared to low moisture part-skim Mozzarella cheese. Reduced fat cheeses decreased in stretch and increased in melt throughout storage. Differences in stretch, melt, and cook color were not significant from one casein-to-fat ratio to another.
Reduced fat, high moisture Mozzarella cheese was made with partial or total replacement of L. helveticus with L. casei ssp. casei and was found to compare well with low moisture part-skim Mozzarella cheese. Cheese made with L. casei ssp. casei cultures, paired with either S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus and L. helveticus or just S. salivarius ssp. thermophilus, had the least stretch and the greatest melt.
Persistent export of 231Pa from the deep central Arctic Ocean over the past 35,000 years
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Sharon S.
name: McManus, Jerry F.
name: Curry, William B.
name: Brown-Ledger, L. Susan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Arctic Ocean has an important role in Earth’s climate, both through surface processes such as sea-ice formation and transport, and through the production and export of waters at depth that contribute to the global thermohaline circulation. Deciphering the deep Arctic Ocean’s palaeo-oceanographic history is a crucial part of understanding its role in climatic change. Here we show that sedimentary ratios of the radionuclides thorium-230 (230Th) and protactinium-231 (231Pa), which are produced in sea water and removed by particle scavenging on timescales of decades to centuries, respectively, record consistent evidence for the export of 231Pa from the deep Arctic and may indicate continuous deep-water exchange between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans throughout the past 35,000 years. Seven well-dated box-core records provide a comprehensive overview of 231Pa and 230Th burial in Arctic sediments during glacial, deglacial and interglacial conditions. Sedimentary 231Pa/230Th ratios decrease nearly linearly with increasing water depth above the core sites, indicating efficient particle scavenging in the upper water column and greater influence of removal by lateral transport at depth. Although the measured 230Th burial is in balance with its production in Arctic sea water, integrated depth profiles for all time intervals reveal a deficit in 231Pa burial that can be balanced only by lateral export in the water column. Because no enhanced sink for 231Pa has yet been found in the Arctic, our records suggest that deep-water exchange through the Fram strait may export 231Pa. Such export may have continued for the past 35,000 years, suggesting a century-scale replacement time for deep waters in the Arctic Ocean since the most recent glaciation and a persistent contribution of Arctic waters to the global ocean circulation.
Of marriageable age : rethinking approaches to father-daughter incest narratives in the long eighteenth century
Creators: name: Delaney, EA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines father-daughter incest in three literary works of the long eighteenth century within a frame of the marriage exchange gone wrong. The representation of father-daughter incest in this period, unlike contemporary incest stories that feature girl-children, focuses on the daughter of marriageable age, a prominent figure in eighteenth-century literature. The incest is often precipitated at the moment that the father should be planning a marriage alliance for his daughter but instead begins to see her as a sexual being. The three texts examined in the thesis are Jane Barker's Exilius, or The Banish 'd Roman (published in 1714), Percy Bysshe Shelley's The Cenci and Mary Shelley's Mathilda, both written in 1819. The chapters are structured around the three main characters within the incest plot ‚ÄövÑvÆ the daughter, the suitor(s), and the father. In these texts, the daughter is past the age of consent, is a desiring subject herself and knows she is the incestuous object of her biological father. The texts, in which father-daughter incest is structurally and thematically central, belong to the wider literary and social debates about marriage and the daughter of marriageable age, which dominate the century. This thesis focuses on the female characters/daughters of marriageable age as they struggle to bring their incest experiences into language, and as they live out the consequences of that experience. The domestic space is a potentially dangerous one for daughters. Each of these narratives of father-daughter incest also has political implications. A close reading of the male figures ‚ÄövÑvÆ the suitor(s) and the fathers ‚ÄövÑvÆ brings to light a Jacobite reading in Exilius, a critique of the worst kind of patriarchal society in The Cenci and a criticism of a society that allows excesses and self indulgence in Mathilda.
Rechtsverträgliche und qualitätszentrierte Gestaltung für "KI made in Germany"
Ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz am Beispiel smarter persönlicher Assistenten
Creators: name: Knote, Robin
name: Thies, Laura Friederike
name: Söllner, Matthias
name: Jandt, Silke
name: Leimeister, Jan Marco
name: Roßnagel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 330
subject: 620
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Datenschutz
subject: Systementwicklung
subject: Technisches Recht

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
title: Characteristics Related to the Incidence of Osteoporosis in Two Distinct Female Populations
Creators: name: Pyke, Deborah A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1992

description: Osteoporosis is responsible for approximately 1.3 to 1.5 million fractures per year in the United States. The risk of osteoporosis increases with age, especially among postmenopausal women, and with lifestyle factors such as the use of certain drugs, heavy alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, high caffeine intake, and sedentary living. Genetic factors that may influence susceptibility to osteoporosis include a positive family history of the disease, or a low weight - for-height ratio. In some cases, race and geographic location may increase or decrease the risk of osteoporosis. Known protective factors include obesity, estrogen replacement therapy, weight bearing exercise, and possibly calcium, fluoride, and Vitamin D. Although several studies have examined multiple factors in single populations, few comparisons have been made between populations within the same country.
Recent epidemiological studies have shown that the Utah population has lower rates of some chronic diseases than the national average. In this study, we used a questionnaire approach to relate the incidence of osteoporotic fracture to 28 lifestyle, dietary, physical, and geographic factors in postmenopausal women between a Utah population and a combined population from North Dakota, South Dakota, and Colorado.
Logistic regressions were used to determine the probability of osteoporosis for these two populations and to determine which factors significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased or decreased the incidence of osteoporosis. The following factors were significantly related to the occurrence of osteoporosis: age, race, arthritis, cortisone, and fluoridated water. Dietary factors, including calcium, were not significantly related to osteoporosis in this study. The model successfully predicted the occurrence of an osteoporotic event in 72% of the cases.
Nematogenia lacuum
Creators: name: Santos, Alessandra
name: Gorte, Tatiane
name: Demetrio, Wilian C.
name: Ferreira, Talita
name: Nadolny, Herlon
name: Cardoso, Guilherme B. X.
name: Tonetti, Caroline
name: Ralisch, Ricardo
name: Nunes, Amanda P.
name: Coqueiro, Ana Carolina P.
name: Leandro, Hudson C. L.
name: Wandscheer, Cassio A. R.
name: Bortoluzzi, Jeankleber
name: Brown, George G.
name: Bartz, Marie L. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Haplotaxida
Ocnerodrilidae
Nematogenia
Nematogenia lacuum

description: Nematogenia lacuum (Beddard, 1893)
COFMBRPR0821, 1 individual in native forest, Ajuricaba watershed, Marechal Candido Rondon—PR (24° 35' 47.52''S, 54° 07' 02.26''W); 2015; A. Santos, H. Nadolny, G.X. Cardoso, C. Tonetti, T. Gorte, J. Bortoluzzi, M.L.C. Bartz, colls.
description: Published as part of Santos, Alessandra, Gorte, Tatiane, Demetrio, Wilian C., Ferreira, Talita, Nadolny, Herlon, Cardoso, Guilherme B. X., Tonetti, Caroline, Ralisch, Ricardo, Nunes, Amanda P., Coqueiro, Ana Carolina P., Leandro, Hudson C. L., Wandscheer, Cassio A. R., Bortoluzzi, Jeankleber, Brown, George G. & Bartz, Marie L. C., 2018, Earthworm species in no-tillage agroecosystems and native Atlantic forests in Western Paraná, Brazil, pp. 517-534 in Zootaxa 4496 (1) on page 521, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.40, http://zenodo.org/record/1447015
title: Sensory and Functional Properties of Wheat Stored Under Home Conditions
Creators: name: Shumway, Marilyn M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1993

description: Samples of wheat that had been stored in homes up to 48 years were collected with information about age and storage conditions. Germination, weight per bushel, protein, moisture, grade, and aroma were investigated. Volumes of gluten balls and bread made from ground whole wheat samples were measured. Sensory attributes of bread were evaluated by Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) for eight flavor and seven texture characteristics. Because of the tremendous variation in samples, generalizations on cause and effect are difficult to make. No one criterion was a perfect indicator of quality. A high percentage of germination was one of the better predictors of quality. Grade and weight per bushel were also related to quality. Rancid aroma in wheat forecasted off-flavors in bread. In general, older wheat did not make as good a quality of bread but there were outstanding exceptions.
Protecting Plyler: New Challenges to the Right of Immigrant Children to Access a Public School Education
Creators: name: Ofer, Udi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Emigration and immigration
subject: Public schools
subject: Educational law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Education

description: Close to thirty years ago, the Supreme Court ruled in Plyler v. Doe that undocumented children have the same right to access a public school education as children who are United States citizens or immigrant children lawfully admitted to the United States. Yet today, undocumented children still face significant hurdles when attempting to access a public school education. Moreover, new questions have arisen about the right of children on nonimmigrant visas to enroll in school. This Article reviews the Plyler decision and subsequent attempts to reverse the ruling. The Article examines the rise of the modern-day movement to restrict immigration and the impact of this movement on the right of immigrant children to access a public school education. The Article considers several examples of school districts preventing immigrant children from enrolling in schools, and argues that children on nonimmigrant B visas should not be denied enrollment. Finally, the Article concludes by recommending numerous steps for the federal government to take to ensure that school districts provide equal access to an education to all immigrant children.
Viscous Flow Over a Chemically Patterned Surface
Creators: name: Sprittles, J. E.
name: Shikhmurzaev, Y. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical fluid dynamics boundary condition of no-slip suggests that variation in the wettability of a solid should not affect the flow of an adjacent liquid. However experiments and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that this is not the case. In this paper we show how flow over a solid substrate with variations of wettability can be described in a continuum framework using the interface formation theory developed earlier. Results demonstrate that a shear flow over a perfectly flat solid surface is disturbed by a change in its wettability, i.e. by a change in the chemistry of the solid substrate. The magnitude of the effect is shown to be proportional to cos(t1)-cos(t2) where t1 and t2 are the equilibrium contact angles that a liquid-gas free surface would form with the two chemically different parts of the solid surface.
Ballot box infidelity : the political failure of environmentalism?
Creators: name: Gates, SPA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This study seeks to discover why public opinion on such environmental issues as the logging of old growth forests and the proposed pulp mill in Tasmania is not reflected in voting behaviour. Depending on which survey one consults, somewhere between 50 and 90 per cent of Australians oppose current forestry practices in Tasmanian forests, although fewer than 1 in 8 of those people actually voted for the only party with the stated objective of changing those practices in the 2007 Federal Election. Conversely, 7 out of 8 people voted for a political party that advocated no change to the status quo. In regard to the Gunns proposed pulp mill, to be sited in the Tamar Valley, Tasmania, opinion polls demonstrated strong opposition to the mill right up to the 2007 Federal Election, but again, the one party with the stated objective of stopping the mill received on average only 10 per cent of the overall vote. The purpose of this study is to explain why voting behaviour does not more closely follow public opinion on such environmental issues. The study specifically examines the pulp mill controversy and the 2007 Federal Election, and utilises interview data obtained from a politically-astute cohort of Tasmanians, as measured by their active participation on one side or other of the pulp mill debate.