cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Importance Reweighting for Biquality Learning
Creators: name: Nodet, Pierre
name: Lemaire, Vincent
name: Bondu, Alexis
name: Cornuéjols, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of Weakly Supervised Learning (WSL) has recently seen a surge of popularity, with numerous papers addressing different types of "supervision deficiencies", namely: poor quality, non adaptability, and insufficient quantity of labels. Regarding quality, label noise can be of different types, including completely-at-random, at-random or even not-at-random. All these kinds of label noise are addressed separately in the literature, leading to highly specialized approaches. This paper proposes an original, encompassing, view of Weakly Supervised Learning, which results in the design of generic approaches capable of dealing with any kind of label noise. For this purpose, an alternative setting called "Biquality data" is used. It assumes that a small trusted dataset of correctly labeled examples is available, in addition to an untrusted dataset of noisy examples. In this paper, we propose a new reweigthing scheme capable of identifying noncorrupted examples in the untrusted dataset. This allows one to learn classifiers using both datasets. Extensive experiments that simulate several types of label noise and that vary the quality and quantity of untrusted examples, demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms baselines and state-of-the-art approaches.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Occurrence of a single-species cyanobacterial bloom in a lake in Cyprus: monitoring and treatment with hydrogen peroxide-releasing granules
Creators: name: Keliri, Eleni
name: Christia Paraskeva
name: Sofokleous, Angelos
name: Sukenik, Assaf
name: Dziga, Dariusz
name: Chernova, Ekaterina
name: Brient, Luc
name: Antoniou, Maria G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
Composite fermions from the algebraic point of view
Creators: name: Ruuska, V.
name: Manninen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composite fermion wavefuctions have been used to describe electrons in a strong magnetic field. We show that the polynomial part of these wavefunctions can be obtained by applying a normal ordered product of suitably defined annihilation and creation operators to an even power of the Vandermonde determinant, which can been considered as a kind of a non-trivial Fermi sea. In the case of the harmonic interaction we solve the system exactly in the lowest Landau level. The solution makes explicit the boson-fermion correspondence proposed recently.
description: 11 pages 1 figure
Risk Aversion, Prudence, and the Three-Moment Decision Model for Hedging
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaomei
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
name: Chen, Xiaomei
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The linear two-moment mean-variance (MV) model has been widely used in finance and economic decision analysis as an approximation of Von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility (EU) model. The introduction of third or higher moments not only can improve the accuracy of the approximation, but is also suitable to represent investors¡¯ skewness preference (prudence) with the latter supported by empirical evidence. The goal of this paper is to develop a general MVS model and compare it and the traditional MV model against the EU model in the setting of an individual producer hedging in the futures market. Results show: 1) the derived linear MVS model maintains the analytical convenience of MV model, 2) it can generate different results as MV, 3) it approximate EU better than MV, and 4) it is more flexible than MV.
Impacts of Sugar Free Trade Agreements on the U.S. Sugar Industry
Creators: name: Zhuang, Renan
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Zhuang, Renan
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We use a multi-region GTAP model to study the implications of a global sugar free trade agreement on the U.S. sugar industry. In general, the sugar net importing countries such as the former Soviet Union, Japan, and the United States would reduce sugar production and increase their net imports from the world market. By contrast, the sugar net exporting countries such as Australia, Brazil, and Thailand would increase their sugar production and increase their net exports. Under a scenario where import tariffs and export subsidies are completely eliminated, U.S. sugar production would decrease by 2.8%. This is in contrast to some of the previous studies, which argued that the U.S. sugar production would increase slightly annually. U.S. import prices would decrease by 21.9% and U.S. domestic sugar prices would decrease slightly by 0.8%. U.S. net imports of sugar of sugar would increase 478.1 million US dollars.
Farmers' Produce Markets in the United States: Part III, Shipping Point Fruit and Vegetable Markets
Creators: name: Burdette, Roger F.
name: Bright, Imogene
name: Baker, Charles K.
name: Burdette, Roger F.
name: Bright, Imogene
name: Baker, Charles K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the report Preface: As interest in improving local market outlets for fruits and vegetables has grown over the years, a number of shipping point market facilities have been constructed in an attempt to establish new markets. Some of these ventures were failures. Others were successful. The research which is the basis for this report was undertaken to determine under what conditions shipping point markets are most likely to succeed and under what conditions they are most likely to fail. Such information should encourage the establishment of new markets where needed and discourage attempts to establish unneeded facilities. Data and criteria presented in this report do not lessen the need for a study of and the development of plans for market facilities in each specific locality contemplating market improvements. However, they should provide those who make the studies and develop the plans with useful guides which have not heretofore been available to them. The report should also be useful to civic and other groups who are interested in promoting new markets.
High-resolution spectroscopy of the old open cluster Collinder 261:abundances of Iron and other elements
Creators: name: Carretta, Eugenio
name: Bragaglia, Angela
name: Gratton, Raffaele
name: Tosi, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of high resolution spectra of six red giant stars in the old open cluster Collinder 261. Reddening values for individual stars, derived from the relation between colours and temperatures (deduced from our fully spectroscopic analysis) are consistent with previous determinations based on photometry. For this cluster we derive an iron abundance of [Fe/H] = -0.03 +/- 0.03. We also obtain the abundances of light metals (O, Na and Al), alpha-elements (Mg, Si, Ca, Ti), elements of the Fe-group (Sc, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni) and the neutron-capture element Ba. No intrinsic star-to-star scatter is present in any of these elements within our sample. We compare our findings with previous investigations on this cluster, discussing in detail differences in analysis methods and results.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
FORECASTING ACCURACY, RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS AND MARKET EFFICIENCY IN THE US BEEF CATTLE INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Schaefer, Matthew P.
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Schaefer, Matthew P.
name: Myers, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: market efficiency
subject: rational expectations
subject: survey forecasts
subject: Cattle On-Feed Report

description: Recent studies have tested whether futures prices respond to U.S. Department of Agriculture inventory reports in accordance with the efficient markets hypothesis. These studies use survey forecasts to identify the anticipated and unanticipated information contained in a report. However, this approach implicitly assumes that survey forecasts be an unbiased and efficient predictor of the data in the USDA report. Furthermore, previous studies have not tested the bias and efficiency properties of USDA preliminary estimates as predictors of final revised USDA figures. This study introduces a framework for conducting tests of the efficient markets hypothesis in the presence of biased and inefficient survey forecasts, and preliminary USDA estimates that are biased and inefficient predictors of final revised figures. The approach is applied to the US beef cattle industry and results are quite different from those obtained using conventional analysis.
Atomic matter of non-zero momentum Bose-Einstein condensation and orbital current order
Creators: name: Liu, W. Vincent
name: Wu, Congjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paradigm of Bose-Einstein condensation has been associated with zero momentum to which a macroscopic fraction of bosons condense. Here we propose a new quantum state where bosonic alkali-metal atoms condense at non-zero momenta, defying the paradigm. This becomes possible when the atoms are confined in the p-orbital Bloch band of an optical lattice rather than the usual s-orbital. The new condensate simultaneously forms an order of transversely staggered orbital currents, reminiscent of orbital antiferromagnetism or d-density wave in correlated electronic systems but different in fundamental ways. We discuss several approaches of preparing atoms to the p-orbital and propose an ``energy blocking'' mechanism by Feshbach resonance to protect them from decaying to the lowest s-orbital. Such a model system seems very unique and novel to atomic gases. It suggests a new concept of quantum collective phenomena of no prior example from solid state materials.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures (with one in Appendix); added references and reorganized appendices in REVTeX
GENERIC COMMODITY PROMOTION AND PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION
Creators: name: Crespi, John M.
name: Crespi, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: generic advertising
subject: product differentiation
subject: spatial model

description: This paper considers whether generic promotion lowers the differentiation among competing brands as claimed in the 1997 Supreme Court case (Wileman et al. v. Glickman). Commodity promotion is modeled as a multi-stage game where products are vertically differentiated. Analytical results show that if the benefits of generic advertising from increased demand are outweighed by the costs from lower product differentiation then high-quality producers will not benefit from generic promotion but producers of lower-quality goods may.
Survey # 2051(I), (II)
Creators: name: Institut Für Demoskopie Allensbach
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Stores open on weekends (1); health habits (20); candies (1); personal description (18); magazines and newspapers (6); knowledge of slogan (3); electrical company (3); drinking habits (3); sportswear (1); preferred weight (1); personal health (1); Bundesrat (3); items in household (1); sweeteners (13); personal description (1); withdrawing American troops (1); sporting goods (1); automobiles and fuel (5); going to movies (2); books (2); students' say in education (1).
Gapless to gapless phase transitions in quantum spin chains
Creators: name: Feng, Shi
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Trivedi, Nandini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin chains with bilinear-biquadratic (BLBQ) spin interactions as a function of an applied magnetic field $h$. At the Uimin-Lai-Sutherland (ULS) critical point we find a gapless to gapless transition revealed by the dynamical structure factor $S(q,ω)$ as a function of $h$. At $h=0$, the envelope of the lowest energy excitations goes soft at {\it two points} $q_1=2π/3$ and $q_2=4π/3$, dubbed the phase A. With increasing field, the spectral peaks at each of the gapless points bifurcate, making in total {\it four} soft modes, and combine to form a new set of excitations that soften at a {\it single} point $q=π$ at $h_{c1}\approx 0.94$. Beyond $h_{c1}$ the system enters another gapless B-phase until the transition at $h_{c2}=4$ to the fully polarized phase. We compare the ULS model results with those for the AKLT model as a representative of gapped Haldane phase. We explain the mechanism of the gapless to gapless transition in the ULS model using its conserved charges and a spinon band picture. We also discuss the universality of central charges of the BLBQ family of models subjected to a magnetic field.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures
SPATIAL MARKET INTEGRATION IN THE PRESENCE OF THRESHOLD EFFECTS
Creators: name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Threshold cointegration models are used to evaluate spatial price dynamics among regional corn and soybean markets in North Carolina. Thresholds, reflecting the influences of transactions costs, are confirmed and spatial integration is strongly supported. Results indicate that equilibrating adjustments to market shocks are generally complete in two weeks.
Numerical determination of the cutoff frequency in solar models
Creators: name: Felipe, T.
name: Sangeetha, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In stratified atmospheres, acoustic waves can only propagate if their frequency is above the cutoff value. Different theories provide different cutoff values. We developed an alternative method to derive the cutoff frequency in several standard solar models, including various quiet-Sun and umbral atmospheres. We performed numerical simulations of wave propagation in the solar atmosphere. The cutoff frequency is determined from the inspection of phase difference spectra computed between the velocity signal at two atmospheric heights. The process is performed by choosing pairs of heights across all the layers between the photosphere and the chromosphere, to derive the vertical stratification of the cutoff in the solar models. The cutoff frequency predicted by the theoretical calculations departs significantly from our measurements. In quiet-Sun atmospheres, the cutoff shows a strong dependence on the magnetic field for adiabatic wave propagation. When radiative losses are taken into account, the cutoff frequency is greatly reduced and the variation of the cutoff with the strength of the magnetic field is lower. The effect of the radiative losses in the cutoff is necessary to understand recent quiet-Sun and sunspot observations. In the presence of inclined magnetic fields, our numerical calculations confirm the reduction of the cutoff frequency due to the reduced gravity experienced by waves propagating along field lines. An additional reduction is also found in regions with significant changes in the temperature, due to the lower temperature gradient along the path of field-guided waves. Our results show that the cutoff values are not correctly captured by theoretical estimates. In addition, most of the widely-used analytical cutoff formulae neglect the impact of magnetic fields and radiative losses, whose role is critical to determine the evanescent or propagating nature of the waves.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract has been modified to fit arXiv limit
AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE MINNESOTA RIVER
Creators: name: Westra, John V.
name: Westra, John V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Phosphorus loads from agronomically diverse practices were simulated using representative farms from a heterogenous watershed of the Minnesota River. Results from integrated bioeconomic analyses were used to test hypotheses about nontargeted and targeted nonpoint source phosphorus pollution abatement programs, with respect to net farm income and phosphorus loading.
The impact of narratives on policy-making at the national level. The case of Hungary
Creators: name: Gerő, Márton
name: Pokornyi, Zsanett
name: Sik, Endre
name: Surányi, Rachel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: migration
narratives
policy-making
Hungary
EU relocation scheme
Ukrainian Refugee Crisis
Hungarian NGOs
moral panic button (MPB)
informational autocracy (IA)

description: In order to indentify the main narratives of migration and describing the structure into which the processes of producing and circulating them characterizes the contemporary Hungarian communicative and political segments, first we defined the type of political system of Hungary. The next step was demonstrating the production and circulation of migration related narratives since 2015 to prove that there is a rather sophisticated propaganda organization and technology (the moral panic button, MPB) which makes sure that these processes serve the operation of the political system.
Our analysis demonstrated that MPB used the production and circulation of migration narratives both in 2015 and in 2022 as a crucial aspect of building the Hungarian version of an authoritarian regime (the so called informational autocracy). We stressed that the capture of entire communication field was an inherent element of this de-democratization process, and that while several techniques of MPB exist in other countries as well, the unique mix of them and their high-inertia existence makes Hungary an outlier in the comparative analysis.
Science ouverte et dialogue démocratique : vision en vue de la constitution d'une fondation
Creators: name: Balli, Fabio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: science ouverte
changement émergent
dialogue démocratique
consensus populaire
communs sociaux

description: Buts : Favoriser l’émergence de méthodologies, connaissances et infrastructures de science ouverte co-créées et coordonnées par la population, et alignées sur les objectifs, valeurs et principes de la Recommandation de l’UNESCO adoptée par 193 états fin 2021. Porter, valoriser et contribuer à un ensemble cohérent de communs sociaux essentiels, soit des ressources dont l'utilité première est de permettre à chaque humain : la réalisation de ses besoins fondamentaux ; le développement de ses capacités à prendre soin ; la pleine jouissance de ses droits civils et sociaux. Constituer et préserver un patrimoine informationnel placé sous régime juridique copyfair ou copyleft, ou cadre normatif d'effets équivalents, et un patrimoine mobilier et immobilier gouverné selon les principes d’Ostrom. Pratiquer la création-comme-recherche : recherche émergent d’activités créatives. Illustration présentant les éléments de la science ouverte selon l’UNESCO Illustration présentant le positionnement de la fondation Encart sur le parcours du fondateur Courriel de contact English version. Annexe sous CC BY SA : fichiers éditable, icônes UNESCO améliorés (couleurs plus foncées, uniformisation des tailles), cercle intégrant les quatre éléments (placement et étiquettes modifiées).
Impact of Dust on Spectral Distortion Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Zelko, Ioana A.
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are sensitive to energy injection by exotic physics in the early universe. The proposed Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE) mission has the raw sensitivity to provide meaningful limits on new physics, but only if foreground emission can be adequately modeled. We quantify the impact of interstellar dust on Compton $y$ and $μ$ measurements by considering a range of grain size distributions and compositions constrained by theoretical and observational priors (Zelko & Finkbeiner 2020). We find that PIXIE can marginalize over a modest number of dust parameters and still recover $y$ and $μ$ estimates, though with increased uncertainty. As more foreground components are included (synchrotron, free-free), the estimates of $y$ degrade, and measurement of $μ$ in the range sometimes considered for the standard $Λ$CDM of $2\times10^{-8}$ becomes infeasible without ancillary low-frequency foreground information. An additional concern is dust absorption of the CMB monopole, a subtle effect that must be included. We quantify one form of model discrepancy error, finding that the error introduced by fitting our interstellar medium dust model with a modified blackbody is too large for CMB spectral distortions to be detectable. The greatest challenge may be the cosmic infrared background (CIB). We find that $μ$ and $y$ are extremely sensitive to modeling choices for the CIB, and quantify biases expected for a range of assumptions.
description: Published in the Astrophysical Journal. 25 pages, 12 figures, 10 tables. Updated to reflect the journal version. Corrected a typo in the Appendix Eq A6 and A9; updated the tables 5,6,7 (first column). There were no changes to the qualitative nature of the results
USING A COTTON FUTURES OPTIONS CONTRACT STRATEGY TO ENHANCE PRICE AND REVENUES
Creators: name: Herndon, Cary W.
name: Cleveland, O.A.
name: Isengildina, Olga
name: Herndon, Cary W.
name: Cleveland, O.A.
name: Isengildina, Olga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Futures Options Strategy
subject: Price Risk Management

description: Government program changes and increased price volatility are causing cotton farmers to manage more price risks. A "harvest strategy" which sells cotton at harvest, purchases an at-the-money July call options and exercises this contract eight months later is a strategy which takes advantage of potential future price increases.
The impact of narratives on policy-making at the national level. The case of Hungary
Creators: name: Gerő, Márton
name: Pokornyi, Zsanett
name: Sik, Endre
name: Surányi, Rachel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: migration
narratives
policy-making
Hungary
EU relocation scheme
Ukrainian Refugee Crisis
Hungarian NGOs
moral panic button (MPB)
informational autocracy (IA)

description: In order to indentify the main narratives of migration and describing the structure into which the processes of producing and circulating them characterizes the contemporary Hungarian communicative and political segments, first we defined the type of political system of Hungary. The next step was demonstrating the production and circulation of migration related narratives since 2015 to prove that there is a rather sophisticated propaganda organization and technology (the moral panic button, MPB) which makes sure that these processes serve the operation of the political system.
Our analysis demonstrated that MPB used the production and circulation of migration narratives both in 2015 and in 2022 as a crucial aspect of building the Hungarian version of an authoritarian regime (the so called informational autocracy). We stressed that the capture of entire communication field was an inherent element of this de-democratization process, and that while several techniques of MPB exist in other countries as well, the unique mix of them and their high-inertia existence makes Hungary an outlier in the comparative analysis.
Morphological Classification of Galaxies using Photometric Parameters: the Concentration index versus the Coarseness parameter
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Chisato
name: Ichikawa, Shin-ichi
name: Doi, Mamoru
name: Yasuda, Naoki
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Fukugita, Masataka
name: Okamura, Sadanori
name: Nakamura, Osamu
name: Sekiguchi, Maki
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We devise improved photometric parameters for the morphological classification of galaxies using a bright sample from the First Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In addition to using an elliptical aperture concentration index for classification, we introduce a new texture parameter, coarseness, which quantifies deviations from smooth galaxy isophotes. The elliptical aperture concentration index produces morphological classifications that are in appreciably better agreement with visual classifications than those based on circular apertures. With the addition of the coarseness parameter,the success rate of classifying galaxies into early and late types increases to \~88% with respect to the reference visual classification. A reasonably high success rate ~68% is also attained in classifying galaxies into three types, early-type galaxies (E+S0), early- (Sa+Sb) and late- (Sc+Sdm+Im) type spiral galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, accepted by the Astronomical Journal
Evolution enhances mutational robustness and suppresses the emergence of a new phenotype: A new computational approach for studying evolution
Creators: name: Kaneko, Tadamune
name: Kikuchi, Macoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, we propose a new computational method to investigate the particularities of evolution. Second, we apply this method to a model of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and explore the evolution of mutational robustness and bistability. Living systems have developed their functions through evolutionary processes. To understand the particularities of this process theoretically, evolutionary simulation (ES) alone is insufficient because the outcomes of ES depend on evolutionary pathways. We need a reference system for comparison. An appropriate reference system for this purpose is an ensemble of the randomly sampled genotypes. However, generating high-fitness genotypes by simple random sampling is difficult because such genotypes are rare. In this study, we used the multicanonical Monte Carlo method developed in statistical physics to construct a reference ensemble of GRNs and compared it with the outcomes of ES. We obtained the following results. First, mutational robustness was significantly higher in ES than in the reference ensemble at the same fitness level. Second, the emergence of a new phenotype, bistability, was delayed in evolution. Third, the bistable group of GRNs contains many mutationally fragile GRNs compared with those in the non-bistable group. This suggests that the delayed emergence of bistability is a consequence of the mutation-selection mechanism.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION: THE COSTS OF KOREAN AGRICULTURAL POLICY 1975 AND 1990
Creators: name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Dyck, John H.
name: Lee, Chinkook
name: Skully, David W.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Dyck, John H.
name: Lee, Chinkook
name: Skully, David W.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Industrial Organization
International Development

description: The economic development of South Korea is often held up as a model to be followed by many developing countries. We use 1975 and 1990 data in a general equilibrium framework with highly disaggregated agricultural sector specification to evaluate the opportunity cost of agricultural protection. We show that for Korea the cost of protection increases with the level of economic development.
Aname barrema Raven 1985
Creators: name: Wilson, Jeremy D.
name: Harvey, Mark S.
name: Simmons, Leigh W.
name: Rix, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anamidae
Aname
Aname barrema

description: Aname barrema Raven, 1985
AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♀♀; Stanthorpe; 28°39′ S, 151°56′ E; 28 Mar. 1974; B. Pinase leg.; QMB S1246 • 5 ♀♀; Doondi Station; 28°17′ S, 148°33′ E; 9 Sep. 1979; R.J. Raven leg.; QMB S1242 • 3 ♀♀; Braemar State Forest; 27°13′ S, 150°50′ E; 15–19 Oct. 1979; R.J. Raven leg.; excavated from burrow, nest covered over; QMB S1240 • 1 ♀; Chinchilla; 26°45′ S, 150°38′ E; 10 Oct. 1972; R.J. McKay leg.; QMB S1241.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Jeremy D., Harvey, Mark S., Simmons, Leigh W. & Rix, Michael G., 2025, An integrative systematic revision of the wishbone spiders (Araneae: Anamidae: Aname L. Koch, 1873) of subtropical and tropical eastern Australia, with the description of 55 new species, pp. 1-298 in European Journal of Taxonomy 985 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.985.2845, http://zenodo.org/record/15169471
Digitale Lehre – was bleibt?
Creators: name: Ritter, Matthias
name: Djabarian, Yasmin
name: Große, Maria
name: Holm-Müller, Karin
name: Leonhardt, Heidi
name: Uhlemann, Jan-Philip
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2022

description: Die spontane Umstellung der Hochschullehre auf digitale Lehre im Sommersemester 2020 aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie sorgte für einen Digitalisierungsschub an deutschen Hochschulen. Nach vielen Erfahrungen und einer schrittweisen Rückkehr zur Präsenzlehre ist es an der Zeit, sich Gedanken zu machen, wie eine sinnvolle Kombination von Präsenz- und digitaler Lehre nach dem Ende der Corona-Pandemie aussehen könnte. In diesem Artikel werden verschiedene Erfahrungen und Lehren von Studierenden und Lehrenden und ihre Pläne für die zukünftige Lehre dargestellt. Außerdem werden die konzeptionelle Umsetzung von Blended Learning, der Nutzen und die Herausforderungen digitaler Tools sowie digitale Prüfungen ausführlicher diskutiert. Es zeigen sich vielerlei Möglichkeiten, Elemente der digitalen Lehre auch in der Präsenzlehre beizubehalten. Dafür bedarf es einer Unterstützung von Seiten der Universitäten und eines verstärkten Austauschs unter den Lehrenden.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge
Striatal dopamine function in rodent models of human movement disorders : an antisense approach
Creators: name: Van Kampen, Jackalina M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The dopamine transporter (DAT) functions primarily as a means for the termination of dopaminergic neurotransmission, but may also play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Recent studies have implicated the DAT in the uptake of two experimental neurotoxins, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 6-hydroxydopamine. Here, in vivo administration of phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides targeting DAT mRNA in the left substantia nigra pars compacta resulted in reduced [3H] WIN 35,428 binding to DAT in the left striatum and significant levodopa and amphetamine-induced contralateral rotations. Unilateral pretreatment with DAT antisense prior to bilateral intrastriatal infusion of either neurotoxin resulted in asymmetrical striatal DAT binding and dopamine content indicating significant preservation ipsilateral to antisense pretreatment. As well, significant apomorphine-induced ipsilateral rotations were observed, suggesting neuroprotection of nigrostriatal neurons on the antisense-treated side. Thus, the DAT appears to play a critical role in determining susceptibility to these experimental neurotoxins and may prove useful as a marker for susceptibility to Parkinson's disease and as a target for therapeutic intervention. Regulation of dopamine neurotransmission by the DAT may also be an important factor in the development of drug-induced dyskinesias. Dyskinesias are abnormal involuntary movements which develop as a side-effect of long-term treatment with either levodopa for Parkinson's (levodopa-induced dyskinesias) or antipsychotics (tardive dyskinesia) for schizophrenia. The mechanism underlying these dyskinesias remains unclear but may involve heightened activity in dopamine D1 receptor-bearing striatonigral neurons. Here, intrastriatal infusion of antisense targeting dopamine D1A receptor mRNA significantly reduced striatal D1 receptor binding and attenuated behavioural responses in rodent models of both levodopa-induced dyskinesia and tardive dyskinesia. Thus, the dopamine D1A receptor may play a significant role in the expression of drug-induced dyskinesias. Recently, chronic pulsatile levodopa treatment in a rodent model of levodopa-induced dyskinesias has been associated with increased expression of striatal dopamine D3 receptors. These receptors are localized with D1 receptors on striatonigral neurons and their induction is dependent on dopamine D1 receptor activity. Here intrastriatal infusion of oligonucleotide antisense to dopamine D3 receptor mRNA effectively reduced chronic levodopa-induced elevations in D3 receptor expression and significantly reduced behavioural responses in this model. Thus, expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesias may also involve dopamine D3 receptor activity, possibly through interaction with D1 receptors.
A DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE U.S. ALLIGATOR INDUSTRY: LESSONS FOR SUSTAINABLE USE AND FARM MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Heykoop, Jerry
name: Frechette, Darren L.
name: Heykoop, Jerry
name: Frechette, Darren L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: alligators
subject: endangered
subject: threatened
subject: wildlife
subject: sustainable use

description: The American alligator has made a remarkable comeback from the brink of extinction. Commercial alligator production is emerging as an important industry in the South. The industry shows similarities to other livestock industries. This paper draws comparisons with other livestock industries to motivate a structural model of the alligator industry.
BSODA: A Bipartite Scalable Framework for Online Disease Diagnosis
Creators: name: He, Weijie
name: Mao, Xiaohao
name: Ma, Chao
name: Huang, Yu
name: Hernández-Lobato, José Miguel
name: Chen, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A growing number of people are seeking healthcare advice online. Usually, they diagnose their medical conditions based on the symptoms they are experiencing, which is also known as self-diagnosis. From the machine learning perspective, online disease diagnosis is a sequential feature (symptom) selection and classification problem. Reinforcement learning (RL) methods are the standard approaches to this type of tasks. Generally, they perform well when the feature space is small, but frequently become inefficient in tasks with a large number of features, such as the self-diagnosis. To address the challenge, we propose a non-RL Bipartite Scalable framework for Online Disease diAgnosis, called BSODA. BSODA is composed of two cooperative branches that handle symptom-inquiry and disease-diagnosis, respectively. The inquiry branch determines which symptom to collect next by an information-theoretic reward. We employ a Product-of-Experts encoder to significantly improve the handling of partial observations of a large number of features. Besides, we propose several approximation methods to substantially reduce the computational cost of the reward to a level that is acceptable for online services. Additionally, we leverage the diagnosis model to estimate the reward more precisely. For the diagnosis branch, we use a knowledge-guided self-attention model to perform predictions. In particular, BSODA determines when to stop inquiry and output predictions using both the inquiry and diagnosis models. We demonstrate that BSODA outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on several public datasets. Moreover, we propose a novel evaluation method to test the transferability of symptom checking methods from synthetic to real-world tasks. Compared to existing RL baselines, BSODA is more effectively scalable to large search spaces.
description: The Web Conference 2022
Additional file 1 of Exploring factors influencing the retention of nurses in a religious hospital in Taiwan: a cross-sectional quantitative study
Creators: name: Chiao, Li-Hua
name: Chiu-Feng Wu
name: I-Shiang Tzeng
name: An-Na Teng
name: Ru-Wen Liao
name: Yu, Li Ying
name: Huang, Chin Min
name: Pan, Wei-Han
name: Chu-Yueh Chen
name: Su, Tsai-Tsu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. English version of the developed questionnaire.
Major Statistical Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Volume 6: Land Values and Land Use
Creators: name: Barnard, Charles H.
name: Hexem, Roger
name: Barnard, Charles H.
name: Hexem, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural land values
subject: land price index
subject: land rent
subject: cropland
subject: major land uses

description: This volume describes how the statistical series on agricultural land values and on acreages of cropland and other land in the United States are constructed and used. It identifies sources of current and historical data and information used in constructing the series.
description: This set of 12 volumes on the Major Statistical Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Agriculture Handbook No. 671) is the second revision that supersedes the original volumes published during 1957-60. The first revision was completed in 1972.
Aname warialda Raven 1985
Creators: name: Wilson, Jeremy D.
name: Harvey, Mark S.
name: Simmons, Leigh W.
name: Rix, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anamidae
Aname
Aname warialda

description: Aname warialda Raven, 1985
AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Bundarra; 30°11′ S, 151°04′ E; 12 Mar. 1980; QMB S1293. – Queensland • 1 ♀; Gore; 28°18′ S, 151°29′ E; 28 Jan. 1941; W.W. McDowell leg.; QMB W1195 • 1 ♀; Moombah [E of St George]; 27°59′ S, 149°18′ E; 9–11 Jan. 1979; R.J. Raven leg.; QMB S1295.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Jeremy D., Harvey, Mark S., Simmons, Leigh W. & Rix, Michael G., 2025, An integrative systematic revision of the wishbone spiders (Araneae: Anamidae: Aname L. Koch, 1873) of subtropical and tropical eastern Australia, with the description of 55 new species, pp. 1-298 in European Journal of Taxonomy 985 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.985.2845, http://zenodo.org/record/15169471
An Integrated Spectrophotometric Survey of Nearby Star-Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Moustakas, John
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present integrated optical spectrophotometry for a sample of 417 nearby galaxies. Our observations consist of spatially integrated, S/N=10-100 spectroscopy between 3600 and 6900 Angstroms at ~8 Angstroms FWHM resolution. In addition, we present nuclear (2.5"x2.5") spectroscopy for 153 of these objects. Our sample targets a diverse range of galaxy types, including starbursts, peculiar galaxies, interacting/merging systems, dusty, infrared-luminous galaxies, and a significant number of normal galaxies. We use population synthesis to model and subtract the stellar continuum underlying the nebular emission lines. This technique results in emission-line measurements reliably corrected for stellar absorption. Here, we present the integrated and nuclear spectra, the nebular emission-line fluxes and equivalent widths, and a comprehensive compilation of ancillary data available in the literature for our sample. In a series of subsequent papers we use these data to study optical star-formation rate indicators, nebular abundance diagnostics, the luminosity-metallicity relation, the dust properties of normal and starburst galaxies, and the star-formation histories of infrared-luminous galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS
Methanol formation chemistry with revised reactions scheme
Creators: name: Sokolova, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the presented work is to analyze the impact of experimentally evaluated reactions of hydrogen abstraction on surfaces of interstellar grains on the chemical evolution of methanol and its precursors on grains and in the gas phase under conditions of cold dark cloud and during the collapse of the translucent cloud into the dark cloud. Analysis of simulation results shows that those reactions are highly efficient destruction channels for HCO and H2CO on grain surfaces, and significantly impact the abundances of almost all molecules participating in the formation of CH3OH. Next, in models with those reactions maximum abundances of methanol in gas and on grain surface decrease by more than 2-3 orders of magnitude in comparison to models without surface abstraction reactions of hydrogen. Finally, we study the impact of binding energies of CH2OH and CH3O radicals on methanol chemistry.
description: Accepted, to be published in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA)
A Note on Existence and Non-existence of Minimal Surfaces in Some Asymptotically Flat 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Miao, Pengzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by problems on apparent horizons in general relativity, we prove the following theorem on minimal surfaces: Let $g$ be a metric on the three-sphere $S^3$ satisfying $Ric(g) \geq 2 g$. If the volume of $(S^3, g)$ is no less than one half of the volume of the standard unit sphere, then there are no closed minimal surfaces in the asymptotically flat manifold $(S^3 \setminus \{P \}, G^4 g)$. Here $G$ is the Green's function of the conformal Laplacian of $(S^3, g)$ at an arbitrary point $P$. We also give an example of $(S^3, g)$ with $Ric(g) > 0$ where $(S^3 \setminus \{P \}, G^4 g)$ does have closed minimal surfaces.
description: 10 pages
Optical Star-Formation Rate Indicators
Creators: name: Moustakas, John
name: Kennicutt,, Robert C.
name: Tremonti, Christy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using integrated optical spectrophotometry for 412 star-forming galaxies at z~0, and fiber-aperture spectrophotometry for 120,846 SDSS galaxies at z~0.1, we investigate the H-alpha, H-beta, [O II] 3727, and [O III] 5007 nebular emission lines and the U-band luminosity as quantitative star-formation rate (SFR) indicators. We demonstrate that the extinction-corrected H-alpha luminosity is a reliable SFR tracer even in highly obscured star-forming galaxies. We find that variations in dust reddening dominate the systematic uncertainty in SFRs derived from the observed H-beta, [O II], and U-band luminosities, producing a factor of ~1.7, ~2.5, and ~2.1 scatter in the mean transformations, respectively. We show that [O II] depends weakly on variations in oxygen abundance over a wide range in metallicity, 12+log(O/H)=8.15-8.7 dex (Z/Z_sun=0.28-1.0), and that in this metallicity interval galaxies occupy a narrow range in ionization parameter (-3.8
description: ApJ, accepted; no changes from previously posted version; emulateapj style; 41 pages, 23 figures, 2 tables
Query Minimization under Stochastic Uncertainty
Creators: name: Chaplick, Steven
name: Halldórsson, Magnús M.
name: de Lima, Murilo S.
name: Tonoyan, Tigran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study problems with stochastic uncertainty information on intervals for which the precise value can be queried by paying a cost. The goal is to devise an adaptive decision tree to find a correct solution to the problem in consideration while minimizing the expected total query cost. We show that, for the sorting problem, such a decision tree can be found in polynomial time. For the problem of finding the data item with minimum value, we have some evidence for hardness. This contradicts intuition, since the minimum problem is easier both in the online setting with adversarial inputs and in the offline verification setting. However, the stochastic assumption can be leveraged to beat both deterministic and randomized approximation lower bounds for the online setting.
description: To be published in Theoretical Computer Science. Since the previous version, the time consumption of the sorting algorithm was improved to $\mathrm{O}(n^5)$. Partially supported by Icelandic Research Fund grant 174484-051 and by EPSRC grant EP/S033483/1. A preliminary version of this paper appeared in volume 12118 of LNCS (LATIN 2020), pp. 181--193, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-61792-9_15
Highly Ionized High-Velocity Clouds: Hot Intergalactic Medium or Galactic Halo?
Creators: name: Collins, J. A.
name: Shull, J. M.
name: Giroux, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use spectroscopic data from HST and FUSE to study the wide range of ionization states of the "highly ionized high-velocity clouds". Studied extensively in OVI absorption, these clouds are usually assumed to be infalling gas in the Galactic halo at distances less than 50 kpc. An alternative model attributes the OVI (and OVII X-ray absorption) to cosmological structures of low-density, shock-heated intergalactic gas, distributed over 1-3 Mpc surrounding the Milky Way. The latter interpretation is unlikely, owing to the enormous required mass of gas (4x10^12 M_solar). Our detection, in 9 of 12 sight lines, of low ionization stages (CII/III/IV; SiII/III/IV) at similar high velocities as OVI requires gas densities far above that (n_H=5x10^-6 cm^-3) associated with the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). These HVCs are probably cooling, multiphase gas in the Galactic halo, bow-shocks and interfaces between clouds falling through a hot, rotating gaseous halo. The velocity segregation of these HVCs in Galactic coordinates is consistent with a pattern in which infalling clouds reflect the sense of Galactic rotation, with peculiar velocities superposed.
description: 26 pages, 1 color figure. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Replaced original version with emulateapj style