cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of pure elements from first-principles to data-driven insights
Creators: name: Shang, Shun-Li
name: Gao, Michael
name: Wang, Yi
name: Li, Jingjing
name: Beese, Allison
name: Liu, Zi-Kui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Unraveling mechanical properties from fundamental is far from complete despite their vital role in determining the range of usefulness and service life for a given material. Here, we perform a comprehensive study related to mechanical properties of 60 pure elements in bcc, fcc, hcp, and/or diamond structure by means of the present pure alias shear and pure tensile deformations via density functional theory (DFT) based calculations as well as data in the literature. The present data compilation enables correlation analyses of mechanical properties, focusing on DFT-based ideal shear and tensile strengths, stable and unstable stacking fault energies , surface energy, and vacancy activation energy; and experimental hardness, ultimate tensile strength, fracture toughness, and elongation. This work examines models, identifies outliers, and provides insights into mechanical properties. The present data compilation provides a solid foundation to model properties of any materials.
An Isocurvature Mechanism for Structure Formation
Creators: name: Hu, Wayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a novel mechanism for structure formation involving initial number density fluctuations between relativistic species, one of which then undergoes a temporary downward variation in its equation of state and generates superhorizon-scale density fluctuations. Isocurvature decaying dark matter models (iDDM) provide concrete examples. This mechanism solves the phenomenological problems of traditional isocurvature models, allowing iDDM models to fit the current CMB and large-scale structure data, while still providing novel behavior. We characterize the decaying dark matter and its decay products as a single component of ``generalized dark matter''. This simplifies calculations in decaying dark matter models and others that utilize this mechanism for structure formation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRD (rapid communications)
Design, fabrication & evaluation of a biomimetic filter-bank architecture for low-power noise-robust cochlear implant processors
Creators: name: Yang, Guang
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: This thesis presents a new bio-inspired filterbank-architecture termed “OZGF-with-LI” for the signal processing in cochlear implants (CIs), and its ultra-low-power analog very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) implementation. The OZGF-with-LI system provides a potential solution to the noise susceptibility of current CI users by simulating the lateral inhibition (LI)—a biological spectral-enhancement mechanism that may partly account for the high noise robustness of the human auditory system but is missing in current CIs—as a soft local “winner-take-all” link between different frequency regions in the input spectrum. It performs multi-channel syllabic compression via automatic gain control (AGC) while preserving well the spectral contrast and hence the original spectral features of the system input—an advantage over the compression scheme used in current CIs, which degrades spectral contrast and thus impairs the ability of CI users to pick out the spectral peaks (features) as the identity of various speech sounds embedded in noise. Two perceptual tests via acoustic simulation of CIs verified the benefits of the proposed system: the simulated LI provided a substantial benefit for listening to speech presented in noise. The proposed architecture was explicitly designed to be amenable to low-power analog VLSI implementations. This thesis reports such a silicon integrated-circuit (IC) prototype of the OZGF-with-LI system fabricated in the commercially available 0.35μm AMS CMOS process, with a power consumption of 28μW and an input dynamic range of 92dB. This system has potential for use in fully implantable CIs of the future, which have very stringent requirements on the power consumption for signal processing.
Lettre de Antoine Gouan à Jean-François Séguier, 1772-03-19
Creators: name: Gouan, Antoine
name: Gouan, Antoine
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Botanique

description: [fol. 177] [C’est celui de Barril Icon n° 927 ou 928]

Vous aurez la bonté, mon cher ami, de me dire à quel synonyme des anciens vous rapportez ce Narcisse ci dont la cloche est de la moitié plus courte que les pétales jaunâtres ; ses feuilles sont plates. La tige au ceps comme dans le N. major hispanicus.
J’ai reçu toutes vos plantes. Bien obligé ! Portez-vous bien et suis tout à vous pour la vie.
 Gouan
Ce 19 mars 1772.

Le bord du Nectaire ne se réfléchit jamais (comme dans les autres). Il est droit et frisé.

Post scriptum. Consultez la grande collection des narcisses de Barrelier. Celui-ci serait-il son Narc. Ic. 965 ? et quels seraient ceux que je vous ai déjà envoyés ?
description: Source: [établissement de conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote] ms. 144, fol. 178
High energy neutrino astrophysics
Creators: name: Protheroe, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give a brief discussion of possible sources of high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin over the energy range from $\sim 10^{12}$ eV to $\sim 10^{25}$ eV. In particular I shall review predictions of the diffuse neutrino intensity. Neutrinos from interactions of galactic cosmic rays with interstellar matter are guaranteed, and the intensity can be reliably predicted to within a factor of 2. Somewhat less certain are intensities in the same energy range from cosmic rays escaping from normal galaxies or active galactic nuclei (AGN) and interacting with intracluster gas. At higher energies, neutrinos will definitely be produced by interactions of extragalactic cosmic rays with the microwave background. With the discovery that gamma ray bursts (GRB) are extragalactic, and therefore probably the most energetic phenomena in the Universe, it seems likely that they will be copious sources of high energy neutrinos. Other sources, such as AGN and topological defects, are more speculative. However, searches for neutrinos from all of these potential sources should be made because their detection would have important implications for high energy astrophysics and cosmology.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, invited talk at Neutrino 98, Takayama 4-9 June 1998. Discussion and figures related to AGN have been revised, and two references added
The Nature of the Galactic Dark Matter
Creators: name: Evans, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disk-halo models of the Galaxy and LMC are constructed and used to analyse the microlensing data-set. Deflectors in the LMC bar, disk and halo provide an optical depth to microlensing of $\sim 2 \times 10^{-7}$. Deflectors in the Galactic disk and halo contribute $\sim 5 \times 10^{-7}$. The extent, flattening and velocity anisotropy of the dark objects in the Galactic halo are unknown. So, it is crucial to analyse the microlensing data-set with families of models that span the viable ranges of these structural parameters. Also uncertain is the contribution of the Galactic disk to the local circular speed, which affects the normalisation and size of the Galactic halo. Despite all the unknowns, a robust conclusion is that the Galactic and LMC haloes cannot be primarily built from objects in the mass range $10^{-7} \, \msun$ - $0.1 \, \msun$. By contrast, calculations of the baryon mass fraction of the Galactic and LMC haloes are very sensitive to details of the adopted models. This parameter is not constrained by the existing data-set. In particular, it is still possible for the halo to be entirely baryonic and composed of high mass compact objects, like $10^6\, \msun$ clusters or black holes.
description: 4. pages, uuencoded, gzipped, postscript file, without figures. Reports with figures available on email request, nwe@thphys.ox.ac.uk
Threshold resummation of the rapidity distribution for Drell-Yan production at NNLO+NNLL
Creators: name: Banerjee, Pulak
name: Das, Goutam
name: Dhani, Prasanna K.
name: Ravindran, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the production of pairs of lepton through the Drell-Yan process at the LHC and present the most accurate prediction on their rapidity distribution. While the fixed order prediction is already known to next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD, the resummed contribution coming from threshold region of phase space up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy has been computed in this article. The formalism developed in [1-3] has been used to resum large threshold logarithms in the two dimensional Mellin space to all orders in perturbation theory. We have done a detailed numerical comparison against other approaches that resum certain threshold logarithms in Mellin-Fourier space. Our predictions at NNLL level are close to theirs even though at leading logarithmic and next-to-leading logarithmic level we differ. We have also investigated the impact of these threshold logarithms on the stability of perturbation theory against factorisation and renormalisation scales. While the dependence on these scales does not get better with resummed results, the convergence of the perturbative series shows a better trend compared to the fixed order predictions. This is evident from the reduction in the K-factor for the resummed case compared to fixed order. We also present the uncertainties on the predictions resulting from parton distribution functions.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Electropulsing of pearlitic steels
Creators: name: Elliott-Bowman, Bernadette
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Electropulsing is a process characterised by the application of short duration (~100μs) electrical current pulses. The process is claimed to be capable of stimulating microstructure change in a variety of metals at low temperatures and energy levels. In this thesis, electropulsing is applied to examine its potential to produce nanostructured, strong yet ductile pearlitic steel. Electropulsing of cold-rolled 0.92wt%C pearlitic steel plate was conducted at room temperature across a range of variables (J ~ 10^7 – 10^9 A∙m-2, f ~ 1 – 100Hz, d ~ 80 - 160µs, N ~ 1 – 90000), in order to identify the parameters required to induce microstructure change. A microstructure of equiaxed ferrite and spheroidised cementite was obtained under high frequency, current density and pulse duration electropulsing. Martensitic transformation and Widmanstätten structures were also observed. No microstructure change was produced by electropulsing treatments of low current density, frequency and pulse duration. Elevated temperature electropulsing tests on 0.73wt%C pearlitic rod, which combined pulsed current treatments (J ~ 10^7 A∙m-2) with furnace annealing (660 – 740°C), were conducted to attempt to overcome any initial energy barrier threshold, in order to highlight any current-based athermal effects. Grain size analysis did not reveal any variation between electropulsed and furnace treated samples. Secondary, transmission and backscatter electron microscopy were used for microstructure characterisation, and mechanical and electrical properties were also experimentally determined. Atom probe tomography was applied to select samples to analyse the steel composition after electropulsing. Resistive heating-based temperature effects were calculated and compared with similarly treated Gleeble-processed samples, to understand the impact of heating rate on the microstructures observed. Electropulsing was determined to have influenced the microstructure of pearlitic steel through resistive heating. An athermal mechanism could not be clearly discerned.
Proper motions of Milky Way Ultra-Faint satellites with ${\it Gaia}$ DR2 $\times$ DES DR1
Creators: name: Pace, Andrew B.
name: Li, Ting S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new, probabilistic method for determining the systemic proper motions of Milky Way (MW) ultra-faint satellites in the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We utilize the superb photometry from the first public data release (DR1) of DES to select candidate members, and cross-match them with the proper motions from $Gaia$ DR2. We model the candidate members with a mixture model (satellite and MW) in spatial and proper motion space. This method does not require prior knowledge of satellite membership, and can successfully determine the tangential motion of thirteen DES satellites. With our method we present measurements of the following satellites: Columba~I, Eridanus~III, Grus~II, Phoenix~II, Pictor~I, Reticulum~III, and Tucana~IV; this is the first systemic proper motion measurement for several and the majority lack extensive spectroscopic follow-up studies. We compare these to the predictions of Large Magellanic Cloud satellites and to the vast polar structure. With the high precision DES photometry we conclude that most of the newly identified member stars are very metal-poor ([Fe/H] $\lesssim -2$) similar to other ultra-faint dwarf galaxies, while Reticulum III is likely more metal-rich. We also find potential members in the following satellites that might indicate their overall proper motion: Cetus~II, Kim~2, and Horologium~II; however, due to the small number of members in each satellite, spectroscopic follow-up observations are necessary to determine the systemic proper motion in these satellites.
description: Main text: 13 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to ApJ. Appendix includes additional 35 figures. For additional figures, posteriors, and membership list, see https://github.com/apace7/gaia_cross_des_proper_motions
From thermodynamics to thermometry with single-atom devices
Creators: name: Mitchison, Mark
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis presents theoretical research on microscopic measuring devices and thermal machines constructed from single trapped atoms. We study several variants on this theme, with a particular emphasis on their application to ultracold atom physics. The first part of the thesis is about quantum refrigerators powered by thermal absorption rather than by external work. We propose and detail how such a machine may be practically constructed with a trapped atom placed inside an optical cavity, and employed to cool the atom close to absolute zero temperature using only collimated sunlight as an energy source. We then show that quantum absorption refrigerators in the strong-coupling regime exhibit coherent oscillations, thus enabling one to outperform a typical classical refrigerator by reaching lower temperatures than the steady state in a finite time using quantum coherence. The second part of the thesis studies the use of impurity atoms as probes of ultracold atomic gases. We discuss two different thermometry methods using impurities which are sensitive to temperature differences on the order of nanokelvin or less. We characterise the precision of the proposed thermometers by explicit calculations in the context of both weakly and strongly interacting atomic Bose gases. Finally, we study impurities immersed in a cold atomic Fermi gas realising a superfluid. We show that the impurities' energy dissipation rate probes the spectrum of density fluctuations in the gas, providing nondestructive access to various properties of the superfluid order parameter along the crossover from a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).
A z=5.34 Galaxy Pair in the Hubble Deep Field
Creators: name: Spinrad, Hyron
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Bunker, Andrew
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Lanzetta, Kenneth
name: Yahil, Amos
name: Pascarelle, Sebastian
name: Fernandez-Soto, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectrograms of the faint V-drop (V(606) = 28.1, I(814) = 25.6) galaxy pair HDF3-951.1 and HDF3-951.2 obtained at the Keck II Telescope. Fernandez-Soto, Lanzetta, & Yahil (1998) derive a photometric redshift of z(ph) = 5.28 (+0.34,-0.41; 2 sigma) for these galaxies; our integrated spectrograms show a large and abrupt discontinuity near 7710 (+- 5) Angstroms. This break is almost certainly due to the Lyman alpha forest as its amplitude (1 - fnu(short) / fnu(long) > 0.87; 95% confidence limit) exceeds any discontinuities observed in stellar or galaxian rest-frame optical spectra. The resulting absorption-break redshift is z=5.34 (+- 0.01). Optical/near-IR photometry from the HDF yields an exceptionally red (V(606)-I(814)) color, consistent with this large break. A more accurate measure of the continuum depression blueward of Lyman alpha utilizing the imaging photometry yields D(A) = 0.88. The system as a whole is slightly brighter than L*(1500) relative to the z~3 Lyman break population and the total star formation rate inferred from the UV continuum is ~22 h(50)^-2 M(sun) yr^-1 (q(0) = 0.5) assuming the absence of dust extinction. The two individual galaxies are quite small (size scales < 1 h(50)^-1 kpc). Thus these galaxies superficially resemble the Pascarelle etal (1996) ``building blocks''; if they comprise a gravitationally bound system, the pair will likely merge in a time scale ~100 Myr.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures; accepted to AJ
Studies of the different effects of zinc(II) ions and complexes on the activity of inositol lipid phosphatases
Creators: name: Thomson, Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The 5’-phosphatases are a family of metalloenzymes involved in the regulation of phosphoinositide signalling in cells and also implicated in diseases such as cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. Even so,only a handful of modulators have been reported to target these enzymes. In this thesis,efforts towards the design of zinc(II)complexes for 5’-phosphatase inhibition are described with further analysis of the interaction between these enzymes and zinc(II). The validation of previous reports that zinc(II) can inhibit the 5’-phosphatases is described and, alongside published evidence that calcium(II) displaced the magnesium(II) co-factor from the 5’-phosphatase active site, was the basis for design and synthesis of zinc(II) complexes. Synaptojanin 1 was chosen as the representative of the 5’-phosphatases for this study due in part to its importance in neurodegenerative disease and the paucity of reported inhibitors for this enzyme. Iterations of design (with the aid of computational docking), synthesis and testing in vitro with a series based on a zinc(II) cyclen motif yielded poorer than anticipated inhibition of synaptojanin 1. Investigation into the mechanism of zinc(II) mediated inhibition of the 5’-phosphatases using a combination of biochemical, biophysical and computational techniques revealed that, rather than displacing magnesium(II), zinc(II) more likely bound a second metal binding region within the 5’-phosphatase active site. This proposed zinc(II) binding site incorporated residues recently postulated to be important for a 5’-phosphatase mechanism of action involving a “moving” magnesium(II) co-factor. As zinc(II) was inhibitory, the results described in this thesis support this mechanism. Furthermore, the weak inhibitory activity of zinc(II) cyclen towards synaptojanin 1 was found to be via binding to the phosphoinositide substrate I(1,4,5)P3. Considering the tractable synthesis and good aqueous solubility of substituted zinc(II) cyclens reported herein, these motifs might hold promise towards modulation of phosphoinositide signalling by direct binding to phosphoinositides.
Ramphastos aracari Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Piciformes
Ramphastidae
Ramphastos
Ramphastos aracari

description: Ramphastos aracari [spec. nov.]
R. rostro nigro: maxilla superiore lateribus alba, basi triloba.
Toucan. Edw. av. 64. t. 64.
Aracari. Marcgr. bras. 217. Raj. av. 44.
Habitat in America meridionali.
Maxilla superior ad nares triloba, quod non in reliquis, fascia abdominis anoque sanguineis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 104, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Wavelet Analysis of Inhomogeneous Data with Application to the Cosmic Velocity Field
Creators: name: Rauzy, S.
name: Lachièze-Rey, M.
name: Henriksen, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we give an account of a method of smoothing spatial inhomogeneous data sets by using wavelet reconstruction on a regular grid in an auxilliary space onto which the original data is mapped. In a previous paper by the present authors, we devised a method for inferring the velocity potential from the radial component of the cosmic velocity field assuming an ideal sampling. Unfortunately the sparseness of the real data as well as errors of measurement require us to first smooth the velocity field as observed on a 3-dimensional support (i.e. the galaxy positions) inhomogeneously distributed throughout the sampled volume. The wavelet formalism permits us to introduce a minimal smoothing procedure that is characterized by the variation in size of the smothing window function. Moreover the output smoothed radial velocity field can be shown to correspond to a well defined theoretical quantity as long as the spatial sampling support satisfies certain criteria. We argue also that one should be very cautious when comparing the velocity potential derived from such a smoothed radial component of the velocity field with related quantities derived from other studies (e.g : of the density field).
description: 19 pages, Latex file, figures are avaible under requests, published in Inverse Problems, 11 (1995) 765
Single event upset mitigation techniques in reconfigurable hardware
Creators: name: Vavouras, Michail
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Advances in semiconductor technology using smaller sizes of transistors in order to fit more of them in the same area and increase performance, pose a threat for the reliability of integrated circuits. Technology scaling accelerates transistor ageing and degradation, causing more faults during the lifetime of an integrated circuit. Sources of faults such as manufacturing defects, degradation and ageing of transistors degrade the performance of integrated circuits leading to faults with a permanent effect that might be catastrophic for certain applications. A special case of integrated circuits, FPGAs, suffer from radiation-induced faults since they contain million of bits for the configuration of their resources that if flipped due to radiation might change the intended functionality of the application running on the FPGA, causing a failure. However, FPGAs can be dynamically reconfigured in the field and mitigate radiation effects providing fault-tolerance and high availability. A novel fault-tolerant architecture for an artificial pancreas application is proposed that consists of a mixed substrate of ASIC and FPGA. Fault detection is provided through modular redundancy, and dynamic reconfiguration is used as a repair mechanism. Experimental results show that 5,100x lower probability of failures per hour (PFH) than a DMR for permanent faults can be achieved with 2.4x more area than DMR. In addition, the proposed solution achieves 83x lower PFH than a TMR with 1.6x area overheads when considering transient faults. A framework supporting fault injection at the configuration memory of an SRAM FPGA and scrubbing was developed throughout this work. The framework supports various SEU and scrub rates and is implemented on the modern ZYNQ FPGA architecture. Existing scrubbing strategies were implemented for a second-order polynomial case study together with two new scrubbing techniques taking into consideration area information of the modules of the application. Experimental results show that the area-driven scrubbing technique achieves 43.6% LUTs and 40.9% REGs savings when compared to a DMR design. The area-driven technique for the partial TMR design saves 15% LUTs and 23% REGs area as compared to the TMR without sacrificing availability, but with increased power consumption for scrubbing. The conclusion of the work is that dynamic reconfiguration techniques can be effectively applied in FPGAs for trading-off resources and power consumption for availability.
A Cluster or Filament of Galaxies at Redshift Z=2.5
Creators: name: Campos, Ana
name: Yahil, Amos
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Richards, Eric A.
name: Pascarelle, Sebastian
name: Impey, Chris
name: Petry, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of 56 new Lyman-alpha-emitting candidates (LECs) at redshift z=2.5 in a field of 8'x14' around two previously known weak radio QSOs and a cosmic microwave background decrement (CMBD) that is plausibly due to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. Broad-band and medium-band imaging at the redshifted Lyman-alpha wavelength have allowed us to identify the LECs at the redshift of the QSOs. Three of the brightest LECs have been confirmed spectroscopically, with redshifts between z=2.501 and z=2.557; one of them is another QSO. Excluding the third QSO, the four spectroscopically confirmed objects form a 3' filament with a rest-frame velocity dispersion of 1000 km/s lying adjacent to the CMBD, and there is a significant concentration of LECs at the NW end of the filament around the brightest QSO. If confirmed, a velocity dispersion ~1000 km/s on a proper scale ~1 Mpc at redshift z=2.5 would, in and of itself, constrain the cosmological model to low Omega.
description: Submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters February 17, 1998; Accepted November 19, 1998. The new version includes minor changes following referee comments. 10 LaTeX pages and Figures 2-4. Figure 1 (1.7 MB) is available at ftp://sbast4.ess.sunysb.edu/pub/ayahil/papers/sz_cluster_fig1.ps.gz The entire paper in ApJ emulating format (1.9 MB) is available at ftp://sbast4.ess.sunysb.edu/pub/ayahil/papers/sz_cluster_apj.ps.gz
title: СПОСОБ ПОИСКА ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПОРЯДКА САМООРГАНИЗУЮЩИХСЯ СИСТЕМ: ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ АСПЕКТ
title: Статья
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Попов, О.Р.
Publisher: name: "Южный Университет (ИУБиП)"
Year: 2020
Subjects: СИНЕРГЕТИКА
ПАРАМЕТР ПОРЯДКА
ТЕОРИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИИ
СЛОЖНАЯ СИСТЕМА
ИНФОРМАЦИЯ
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ

Abstract
Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies from the Rees-Sciama Effect in $Ω_{0} \le 1$ Universes
Creators: name: Tuluie, Robin
name: Laguna, Pablo
name: Anninos, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the imprint of nonlinear matter condensations on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) in $Ω_{0}<1$ cold dark matter (CDM) model universes. We consider simulation domains ranging from $120h^{-1}$ Mpc to $360h^{-1}$ Mpc in size. We concentrate on the secondary temperature anisotropies induced by time varying gravitational potentials occurring after decoupling. Specifically, we investigate the importance of the Rees-Sciama effect due to: (1) intrinsic changes in the gravitational potential of forming, nonlinear structures, (2) proper motion of nonlinear structures, and (3) late time decay of gravitational potential perturbations in open universes. CMB temperature anisotropies are obtained by numerically evolving matter inhomogeneities and CMB photons from an early, linear epoch ($z=100$) to the present, nonlinear epoch $(z=0)$. We test the dependence and relative importance of these secondary temperature anisotropies as a function of the scale of the underlying matter (voids, superclusters) and as a function of $Ω_{0}$. The results of the $Ω_{0}<1$ models are compared to a similarly executed $Ω_{0}=1.0$ simulation. We find that in low density models all three sources of anisotropy could be relevant and reach levels of $ΔT/T \sim 10^{-6}$. In particular, we find that for $Ω_{0}<1$ at large scales, secondary temperature anisotropies are dominated by the decaying potential.
description: 20 pages + 7 figures + 4 plates, self-expanding uuencoded compressed tar archive of postscript files
title: Carte des barrages et de l'électrification. Echelle 1/3000.000
title: Carte des barrages et de l'électrification. Echelle 1/3000.000
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Energie
subject: Irrigation
subject: Hydraulique
subject: Barrage
subject: Électricité

description: Echelle 1/3000.000
description: Cartographie
description: BESM-carto_1936-12-p000_12-02
description: 12
description: Bulletin économique et social du Maroc
description: Source: Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'homme, Cité numérique de la Méditerranée (Cinumed), Bibliothèque nationale du Royaume du Maroc (BNRM)
description: Source: Bulletin économique et social du Maroc
description: Source: Bulletin économique et social du Maroc (BESM) > BESM (Cartographie)
description: Relation: https://cinumed.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/idurl/1/81923
description: Coverage: Maroc
description: Coverage: XXe siècle
description: Temporal: XXe siècle
description: Bibliographic citation: « Carte des barrages et de l'électrification. Echelle 1/3000.000 », In Bulletin économique et social du Maroc (BESM), n° 12, 1936
description: Provenance: https://cinumed.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/
description: Provenance: Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'homme, Cité numérique de la Méditerranée (Cinumed), Bibliothèque nationale du Royaume du Maroc (BNRM)
Critical Percolation and the Incipient Infinite Cluster on Galton-Watson Trees
Creators: name: Michelen, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35

description: We consider critical percolation on Galton-Watson trees and prove quenched analogues of classical theorems of critical branching processes. We show that the probability critical percolation reaches depth $n$ is asymptotic to a tree-dependent constant times $n^{-1}$. Similarly, conditioned on critical percolation reaching depth $n$, the number of vertices at depth $n$ in the critical percolation cluster almost surely converges in distribution to an exponential random variable with mean depending only on the offspring distribution. The incipient infinite cluster (IIC) is constructed for a.e. Galton-Watson tree and we prove a limit law for the number of vertices in the IIC at depth $n$, again depending only on the offspring distribution. Provided the offspring distribution used to generate these Galton-Watson trees has all finite moments, each of these results holds almost-surely.
description: 14 pages
On the QSO content of the First Byurakan Survey and the completeness of the Palomar Green Survey
Creators: name: Veron, P.
name: Mickaelian, A. M.
name: Goncalves, A. C.
name: Veron-Cetty, M. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second part of the First Byurakan Survey is aimed at detecting all bright (B < 16.5) UV-excess starlike objects in a large area of the sky. By comparison with major X-ray and radio surveys we tentatively identified as QSOs 11 FBS objects. We made spectroscopic observations of nine of them. We found six new QSOs bringing the total number of known QSOs in this survey to 42. By comparison with the Palomar Green (PG) QSO survey, we found that the completeness of this last survey is of the order of 70% rather than 30-50% as suggested by several authors.
description: 5 pages (LaTeX2e), 1 enclosed figure; needs paspconf.sty. To be published in the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 194 on "Activity in Galaxies and Related Phenomena" (Eds. Y. Terzian, D. Weedman) held the 17-21 August 1998, Byurakan, Armenia. Also available at http://www.obs-hp.fr/www/preprints/pp128/pp128.html
Metabolic signatures of sepsis in critical care: an individualised approach to diagnosis and management
Creators: name: McLymont, Natalie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome of great importance associated with a high rate of multiple organ failure and death and currently no accurate means of predicting those at particular risk of such outcomes. Energy metabolism involves many interdependent processes performed by the liver and kidneys and adequate function is essential to survival; conversely detrimental changes are associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, changes in energy metabolism in sepsis have the potential to be utilised in the early diagnosis of sepsis-related liver and kidney injury and general risk stratification. This thesis describes the metabolic response of a cohort of critically ill patients (n=50) with severe sepsis, specifically sepsis-related organ dysfunction and survival using metabolic profiling techniques based on 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and multivariate statistical analyses. This consisted of three parts: (1) demonstration of the feasibility of 1H-NMR analyses of urine as a method of global metabolic profiling in a cohort of critically ill patients including the development of a 1H-NMR spectroscopy drug standards database to aid drug metabolite identification. (2) Characterisation of metabolic changes associated with sepsis-related liver injury (SRLI) using 1H-NMR of urine and serum samples from the sepsis cohort. (3) Characterisation of lipid changes associated with SRLI using lipid profiling based on UPLC-MS analyses of plasma from the sepsis cohort. The feasibility of metabolic profiling based on 1H-NMR analyses of urine was demonstrated in the critically ill cohort. Together, 1H-NMR analyses of serum and lipid profiling of plasma demonstrated changes in lysine and methionine and 18 plasma lipids associated with liver dysfunction in severe sepsis that were in keeping with our current understanding, and provided further insights into the pathophysiology of SRLI. These findings could also be used in the early diagnosis of SRLI and improve its prognosis and warrants further investigation.
On the application of data-driven population segmentation to design patient-centred integrated care
Creators: name: Vuik, Sabine Ingrid
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Rationale: Retailers use segmentation methods to identify groups of distinct and homogeneous customers, tailoring their products and services to these groups. In healthcare, patient-centred integrated care also aims to design care models around the patient, but the use of data to support this is limited. Data-driven segmentation could be used to identify patients with similar care needs, who might benefit from integrated care initiatives. Aim: To define the potential role of data-driven population segmentation in designing patient-centred integrated care. Methods: Existing applications of segmentation in healthcare were explored through literature, case study and systematic reviews. Segmentation analyses were performed on a 300,000-patient database, containing primary and secondary care data. Methods included k-means cluster analysis, regression analysis, artificial neural networks and decision trees, in addition to descriptive and statistical analyses. Results: Several integrated care programmes apply segmentation, but their use of data-driven methods is limited. Nevertheless, there exist many healthcare studies that used cluster analysis to segment patient populations. Segmenting a whole population resulted in eight distinct care user segments, providing an evidence base for population health. Segmenting the subpopulation of patients with ACSC hospitalisations identified four different care utilisation patterns, each requiring different preventive interventions. Risk stratification is a segmentation method in itself, but descriptive segmentation can help to identify different groups within the high-risk population. Where no patient-level data is available, an a priori rule can be used to identify high-needs patients. Conclusion: Data-driven segmentation can play an important role in designing patient-centred integrated care. It can be used to describe different patient groups within a population, a subpopulation, or a high-risk population, and design integrated care interventions around the needs of each segment. It can also be used to predict which patients are in the target group for integrated care initiatives.
Sideband cooling of ion coulomb crystals in a Penning trap
Creators: name: Jarlaud, Vincent Pierre Yves
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis reports on the progress of resolved sideband cooling on the S1/2 D5\2 transition of 40Ca+ ions in a Penning trap. We demonstrate cooling of the axial motion of a single ion to the ground state over a wide range of trapping frequencies (67 kHz to 420 kHz) with a mean motional state ranging from nz = 0.07(1) to nz = 0.015(18). We are also able to cool the radial motion of the ion close to the ground state with mean motional states below one for both the modified cyclotron and magnetron modes. In order to carry out sideband cooling of the radial mode, the ion is initially cooled with Doppler cooling in the presence of an axialisation field. Efficient sideband cooling outside the Lamb-Dicke regime is performed using complex cooling sequences featuring laser pulses at different frequencies. The sideband cooling technique is extended to one- and two- dimensional ion Coulomb crystals. For a two-ion chain, aligned with the magnetic field, we measure for the centre of mass mode a final mean motional state nc = 0.25(6) and for the breathing mode nb = 0.07(4) with respective heating rates of 11(2) s-1 and 1(1) s-1. Near ground state cooling of the transverse (axial) modes of two-dimensional planar crystals made of up to 10 ions is achieved. A coherent drive of the cold ions is demonstrated by the observation of Rabi oscillations. Ramsey experiments are performed on a single ion to study the coherence of the system. We find a 1/e coherence time of the optical transition S1/2 D5/2 equal to 1.76(7) ms. This was increased to 13.2(6) ms using Uhrig dynamical decoupling. By creating superpositions of the motional states of the ion, we measure the coherence time of the axial motion. A maximum of 565(21) ms is found at 420 kHz.
Buceros Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Bucerotiformes
Bucerotidae
Buceros

description: Buceros [gen. nov.]
Rostrum convexum, cultratum, magnum; Frontis calvaria nuda, osseo-gibbosa.
Nares in basi rostri.
Lingua acuta, brevis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 104, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Compact X-ray Sources in Nearby Galaxy Nuclei
Creators: name: Colbert, E. J. M.
name: Mushotzky, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found compact, near-nuclear X-ray sources in 21 (54\%) of a complete sample of 39 nearby face-on spiral and elliptical galaxies with available ROSAT HRI data. ROSAT X-ray luminosities (0.2 $-$ 2.4 keV) of these compact X-ray sources are $\sim$10$^{37}$$-$10$^{40}$ erg~s$^{-1}$. The mean displacement between the location of the compact X-ray source and the optical photometric center of the galaxy is $\sim$390 pc. ASCA spectra of six of the 21 galaxies show the presence of a hard component with relatively steep ($Γ\approx$ 2.5) spectral slope. A multicolor disk blackbody plus power-law model fits the data from the spiral galaxies well, suggesting that the X-ray objects in these galaxies may be similar to a black hole candidate (BHC) in its soft (high) state. ASCA data from the elliptical galaxies indicate that hot (kT $\approx$ 0.7 keV) gas dominates the emission. The fact that the spectral slope of the spiral galaxy sources is steeper than in normal type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and that relatively low absorbing columns (N$_H \approx$ 10$^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$) were found to the power-law component indicates that these objects are somehow geometrically and/or physically different from AGNs in normal active galaxies. The X-ray sources in the spiral galaxies may be BHCs, low-luminosity AGNs, or possibly X-ray luminous supernovae. We estimate the black hole masses of the X-ray sources in the spiral galaxies (if they are BHCs or AGNs) to be $\sim$10$^2$$-$10$^3$ M$_\odot$. The X-ray sources in the elliptical galaxies may be BHCs, AGNs or young X-ray supernova also.
description: 4 pages, TeX, two postscript figures, to be published in proceedings of 32nd COSPAR Session E1.2 (1998 July 15-17 Nagoya) "The AGN-Normal Galaxy Connection"
Resurrecting Minimal Yukawa Sector of SUSY SO(10)
Creators: name: Babu, K. S.
name: Bajc, Borut
name: Saad, Shaikh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric $SO(10)$ models with Yukawa coupling matrices involving only a $10_H$ and a $\overline{126}_H$ of Higgs fields can lead to a predictive and consistent scenario for fermion masses and mixings, including the neutrino sector. However, when coupled minimally to a symmetry breaking sector that includes a $210_H$ and a $126_H$, these models lead either to an unacceptably small neutrino mass scale, or to non-perturbative values of the gauge couplings. Here we show that with the addition of a $54_H$ to the symmetry breaking sector, the successful predictions of these models for fermion masses and mixings can be maintained. The $54_H$ enables a reduction of the $B-L$ symmetry breaking scale to an intermediate value of order $10^{12}$ GeV, consistent with the observed neutrino mass spectrum, while preserving perturbative gauge coupling unification. We obtain an excellent fit to all fermion masses and mixings in this framework. We analyze carefully the prediction of the model for CP violation in neutrino oscillations. Consistency with proton lifetime, however, requires a mini-split SUSY spectrum with the squarks and sleptons having masses of order 100 TeV, accompanied by TeV scale gauginos and Higgsinos. Such a spectrum may arise from pure gravity mediation, which would predict the partial lifetime for the decay $p \rightarrow \overlineν K^+$ to be an order of magnitude above the current experimental limit.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures, replacement to match the published version
Generation of finite simple groups
Creators: name: King, Carlisle
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Let G be a finite simple group. Well-known results of Miller, Steinberg and Aschbacher-Guralnick prove that G can be generated by a pair of elements - we say that G is 2-generated. In this thesis, we consider some variations of this result. A natural refinement of the 2-generation result is to ask, for a pair of integers (a,b), whether a finite simple group G is generated by an element of order a and an element of order b. The smallest pair of interest is (2,3) (pairs of elements of order 2 generate dihedral groups). Work of Liebeck-Shalev and Lubeck-Malle shows that, apart from a few known infinite families, all but finitely many finite simple groups are (2,3)-generated. The first major result of this thesis proves that every finite simple group can be generated by an element of order 2 and an element of prime order. An equivalent statement of the 2-generation theorem is that every finite simple group is an image of F_2, the free group on 2 generators. More generally, given a finitely presented group H, one can ask which finite simple groups are images of H. A result of Liebeck and Shalev shows that given a pair (A,B) of nontrivial finite groups such that at least one of A or B is not a 2-group, every finite simple classical group of sufficiently large rank is an image of A star B, the free product of A and B. The second major result of this thesis generalizes this result by proving the same conclusion holds for pairs (A,B) of any nontrivial finite groups, not both of order 2.
Structural Controllability of a Networked Dynamic System with LFT Parameterized Subsystems
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Zhou, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies structural controllability for a networked dynamic system (NDS), in which each subsystem may have different dynamics, and unknown parameters may exist both in subsystem dynamics and in subsystem interconnections. In addition, subsystem parameters are parameterized by a linear fractional transformation (LFT). It is proven that controllability keeps to be a generic property for this kind of NDSs. Some necessary and sufficient conditions are then established respectively for them to be structurally controllable, to have a fixed uncontrollable mode, and to have a parameter dependent uncontrollable mode, under the condition that each subsystem interconnection link can take a weight independently. These conditions are scalable, and in their verifications, all arithmetic calculations are performed separately on each subsystem. In addition, these conditions also reveal influences on NDS controllability from subsystem input-output relations, subsystem uncontrollable modes and subsystem interconnection topology. Based on these observations, the problem of selecting the minimal number of subsystem interconnection links is studied under the requirement of constructing a structurally controllable NDS. A heuristic method is derived with some provable approximation bounds and a low computational complexity.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control as full paper, scheduled to appear in Volume 64 (2019), Issue 12 (December)