Tomocerus troglodytes Yu & Deharveng 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Yu, Daoyuan
name: Deharveng, Louis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Entomobryomorpha
Tomoceridae
Tomocerus
Tomocerus troglodytes

description: Species Tomocerus troglodytes sp. nov.
FIgs 1A, 2, 3
Type material. HOLOtypE: fEMALE On sLIdE, ChAngtu DOng (cAVE), HOngLIn TOWnshIp, QIAnxI COunty, BIjIE, GuIZhOu PROVIncE, ChInA, 105°52'43"E, 27°8'36"N, ALt. 1475M, 12.xI.2001, LEg. LEOnARdO LAtELLA (CHI-067). PARAtypEs: 3 fEMALE On sLIdEs, 2 In ALcOhOL, sAME dAtA As hOLOtypE. OnE pARAtypE dEpOsItEd In MNHN, hOLOtypE And OthER pARAtypEs In NJAU.
Description. BOdy LEngth 3.3–3.6 MM. BOdy cOLOuR WhItE, WIthOut tRAcE Of pIgMEnt (FIg. 1A).
BOdy dEnsELy cLOthEd by scALEs And VARIOus typEs Of chAEtAE. ScALEs Of typIcAL MORphOLOgy Of TOMOcERInAE, WIth cOntInuOus LOngItudInAL RIdgEs On suRfAcE (LubbOck 1873). ORdInARy chAEtAE Of dIffEREnt sIZEs. MIcROchAEtAE sMOOth And pOIntEd. MAcROchAEtAE And MEsOchAEtAE fROM sLIghtLy tO stROngLy cILIAtEd, sOME sLIghtLy cILIAtEd MEsOchAEtAE AppEARIng sMOOth undER OptIcAL MIcROscOpE. MOst MAcROchAEtAE stRAIght, ROd-LIkE And subcyLIndRIcAL, sOME MAcROchAEtAE On pOstERIOR AbdOMInAL sEgMEnts LOng, cuRVEd And AcuMInAtE. MEsOchAEtAE AcuMInAtE, shORtER And thInnER thAn MAcROchAEtAE. S-chAEtAE subcyLIndRIcAL, MORE hyALInE thAn ORdInARy chAEtAE, As sMALL As MIcROchAEtAE ExcEpt LOng OnEs On Abd. IV. DORsO-InnER chAEtAE On dEns MOdIfIEd As stROng pOIntEd spInEs. PsEudOpOREs As sMALL cIRcuLAR stRuctuREs sIMILAR tO chAEtAE sOckEts, dIstRIbutEd At LEAst On Th. II tO Abd. IV, cOxAE, And MAnubRIuM.
AntEnnAE AbOut 0.67–0.77 tIMEs As LOng As bOdy. LEngth RAtIO Of Ant. I:II:III:IV = 1.0:1.6–2.0:9.0–11.0:3.6– 4.6. Ant. I And Ant. II scALEd On dORsAL sIdE, Ant. III And Ant. IV unscALEd. PAO And EyEs AbsEnt. MOuthpARts nORMAL fOR Tomocerus. LAbRAL fORMuLA 4/5, 5, 4. DIstAL EdgE Of LAbRuM WIth fOuR cuRVEd spInEs. MAndIbuLAR hEAd AsyMMEtRIcAL, LEft OnE WIth 4 tEEth And RIght OnE WIth 5, LEft MOLAR pLAtE dIstALLy WIth A tApEREd tOOth (FIg. 2A). MAxILLARy LAMELLA 5 WIth ELOngAtEd bAsAL tEEth, WIthOut bEARd-LIkE AppEndAgE (FIg. 2B). MAxILLARy OutER LObE WIth tRIfuRcAtE pALp And OnE bAsAL chAEtA, subLObAL pLAtE WIth 4 hAIRs (FIg. 2C). HEAd dORsALLy scALEd. CEphALIc dORsAL MAcROchAEtOtAxy Of AntERIOR AREA 2, 2, IntEROcuLAR AREA 2, 2, cEntRAL unpAIREd MAcROchAEtA AbsEnt, pOstOcuLAR AREA 2+2, pOstERIOR AREA 0 (FIg. 2D). POstERIOR MARgIn Of hEAd WIth AppROxIMAtELy 25+25 chAEtAE. HEAd VEntRALLy unscALEd, MEntuM WIth fIVE chAEtAE, subMEntuM WIth nuMEROus chAEtAE.
PAttERn Of bOdy chAEtOtAxy As In FIg. 2E. BOthRIOtRIchA 1, 1/ 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0 On Th. II–Abd. VI. MAcROchAEtAE dEnsELy ARRAngEd ALOng AntERIOR MARgIn Of Th. II (nOt shOWn In fIguRE). Th. II WIth An IRREguLAR ROW Of MAcROchAEtAE bEhInd AntERIOR MARgIn. NuMbER Of MAcROchAEtAE OR LARgE MEsOchAEtAE In thE pOstERIOR ROW As 2–3, 3/ 3, 3, 4, 3, 4 fROM Th. II tO Abd. V. Th. II WIth 6 cEntRAL And 1 LAtERAL MAcROchAEtA; Abd. III WIth tWO AntERIOR MAcROchAEtAE; Abd. IV WIth OnE AntERO-LAtERAL MAcROchAEtA; Abd. VI WIth nuMEROus chAEtAE Of dIffEREnt sIZEs. MEsOchAEtAE MOst AbundAnt LAtERALLy And pOstERIORLy On tERgA, pAttERn nOt studIEd. PsEudOpOREs nOt cLEARLy sEEn.
TROchAntERO-fEMORAL ORgAn WIth 1, 1 sLEndER chAEtAE (FIg. 2F). TIbIOtARsI WIthOut spInE-LIkE InnER chAEtAE, but tIbIOtARsI III VEntRALLy WIth 2 pROMInEnt AcuMInAtE chAEtAE stROngER thAn OthERs (FIg. 2G). EAch tIbIOtARsus WIth A dIstAL WhORL Of 11 chAEtAE, VEntRAL 6 As ORdInARy chAEtAE, dORsAL 5 MOdIfIEd; tEnEnt hAIR sMALL, sLEndER And pOIntEd On ALL LEgs; 1+1 AccEssORy chAEtAE MInutE, sLIghtLy LOngER thAn pREtARsAL chAEtAE; 1+1 guARd chAEtAE sLEndER, As LOng As tEnEnt hAIR (FIg. 3A). UnguIs sLEndER In LAtERAL VIEW, OutER EdgE AbOut 0.5, 0.5, 0.33 tIMEs As LOng As OutER EdgE Of tIbIOtARsI On LEg I, II And III, REspEctIVELy (FIg. 2G). UnguIs WIthOut bAsO-IntERnAL RIdgE OR InnER tEEth (FIg. 3A); dORsALLy WIth A pAIR Of bROAd, RugOsE LAtERAL LAMELLAR WIngs, WIth sMALL pOIntEd LAtERAL tEEth (FIg. 3B). UnguIcuLus sLEndER, AbOut 0.63–0.83 tIMEs As LOng As InnER EdgE Of unguIs, WIth 1 InnER tOOth. PREtARsus chAEtAE 1+1 (FIg. 3A).
VEntRAL tubE scALEd OnLy On AntERIOR fAcEs. AntERIOR fAcE WIth AbOut 30 chAEtAE On EAch sIdE, pOstERIOR fAcE WIth AbOut 65–90 chAEtAE, EAch LAtERAL fLAp WIth AbOut 30–40 chAEtAE. TEnAcuLuM WIth 4+4 tEEth On RAMI, AntERIOR fAcE WIth 2–4 chAEtAE And WIthOut scALEs (FIg. 3C). RAtIO MAnubRIuM:dEns:MucRO=2.9–3.2:3.8– 4.4:1.0. MAnubRIuM VEntRALLy scALEd And WIthOut chAEtAE; LAtERALLy WIth LARgE ROund scALEs And 7–10 sLEndER chAEtAE On EAch sIdE, pROxIMAL 2–3 chAEtAE sMALL, dIstAL OnEs stROng; dORsALLy WIth tWO LOngItudInAL chAEtAL stRIps And WIthOut scALEs, EAch chAEtAL stRIp WIth AppROxIMAtELy 250–280 chAEtAE Of dIffEREnt sIZEs, IncLudIng 1+1 bAsAL And 1+1 dIstAL AccuMInAtE pROMInEnt chAEtAE; psEudOpOREs 7–11 On EAch sIdE, In An IRREguLAR LOngItudInAL LInE (FIg 3D); MAnubRIAL dIstAL cORnER chAEtA As MIcROchAEtA (FIg. 3E). DEns bAsALLy WIthOut dIstInct pROMInEnt dORsAL chAEtA, LARgE MOdIfIEd InnER scALE OR stROng OutER chAEtAE. DEntAL spInE fORMuLA As 3–5/3–5, I, 0–1, I; spInEs cOMpOund, WIth sEVERAL MOdERAtE tO LARgE sIZEd dEntIcLEs On bAsAL hALf (FIg. 3F). DEns dORsALLy WIth ORdInARy chAEtAE Of dIffEREnt sIZEs, WIthOut fEAthER-LIkE chAEtAE, VEntRALLy WIth dEnsE scALEs. MucRO ELOngAtEd And dIstALLy cuRVEd, bEARIng nuMEROus chAEtAE WIth ELOngAtEd sOckEts (nOt shOWn In fIguRE); bAsALLy WIth 2 tEEth, InnER OnE LARgER; bOth bAsAL tEEth WIth pROxIMAL LAMELLAE, OutER bAsAL tOOth WIth MOdERAtE tO LARgE sIZEd tOOthLEt; subApIcAL tOOth LARgER thAn OR subEquAL tO ApIcAL tOOth; stRuctuRE Of dORsAL LAMELLAE Of Tomocerus typE, tWO dORsAL LAMELLAE RunnIng fROM subApIcAL tOOth, OutER LAMELLA EndIng In InnER bAsAL tOOth, InnER LAMELLA EndIng At bAsE Of MucRO; IntERMEdIAtE tEEth AbsEnt (FIg. 3G).
Etymology. SpEcIfIc nAME dERIVEd fROM thE LAtIn WORd troglodyta, MEAnIng cAVE-dWELLIng.
Ecology. In cAVE.
Remarks. WIthIn thE gEnus, T. troglodytes sp. nov. bELOngs tO thE kinoshitai cOMpLEx (Yu Et AL. 2017) bEcAusE Of thE cOMbInAtIOn Of thE fOLLOWIng chARActERs: thE pREsEncE Of OnLy 1 MEsOthORAcIc bOthRIOtRIchuM, thE nuMbER And pOsItIOn Of stROng tIbIOtARsAL InnER chAEtAE, thE shApE Of dEntAL spInEs (cOMpOund, WIth sEVERAL MOdERAtE tO LARgE bAsAL dEntIcLEs) And thE ApIcALLy cuRVEd MucRO (Yu Et AL. 2017). Tomocerus troglodytes sp. nov. LAcks EyEs And pIgMEnt, cOntRARy tO MOst OthER MEMbERs Of thE kinoshitai cOMpLEx And REsEMbLEs AnOthER cAVE-dWELLIng spEcIEs T. caecus In thE sAME cOMpLEx. HOWEVER, thE nEW spEcIEs cAn bE dIstInguIshEd fROM T. caecus by thE LEngth Of AntEnnA, thE dORsAL chAEtOtAxy, thE MORphOLOgy Of unguIs, thE nuMbER Of chAEtAE On tEnAcuLuM, thE nuMbER And ARRAngEMEnt Of dEntAL spInEs And thE nuMbER Of IntERMEdIAtE tEEth On MucRO (TAbLE 1). ThE nEW spEcIEs Is ALsO chARActERIZEd by thE cOMpLEtE AbsEncE Of fEAthER-LIkE chAEtAE On thE dORsAL sIdE Of dEns.
description: Published as part of Yu, Daoyuan & Deharveng, Louis, 2018, Two new Chinese species of Tomocerus at different stages of troglomorphic adaptation (Collembola, Tomoceridae) in Zootaxa 4403 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1212011