cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
LINC: A Neurosymbolic Approach for Logical Reasoning by Combining Language Models with First-Order Logic Provers
Creators: name: Olausson, Theo X.
name: Gu, Alex
name: Lipkin, Benjamin
name: Zhang, Cedegao E.
name: Solar-Lezama, Armando
name: Tenenbaum, Joshua B.
name: Levy, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logical reasoning, i.e., deductively inferring the truth value of a conclusion from a set of premises, is an important task for artificial intelligence with wide potential impacts on science, mathematics, and society. While many prompting-based strategies have been proposed to enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to do such reasoning more effectively, they still appear unsatisfactory, often failing in subtle and unpredictable ways. In this work, we investigate the validity of instead reformulating such tasks as modular neurosymbolic programming, which we call LINC: Logical Inference via Neurosymbolic Computation. In LINC, the LLM acts as a semantic parser, translating premises and conclusions from natural language to expressions in first-order logic. These expressions are then offloaded to an external theorem prover, which symbolically performs deductive inference. Leveraging this approach, we observe significant performance gains on FOLIO and a balanced subset of ProofWriter for three different models in nearly all experimental conditions we evaluate. On ProofWriter, augmenting the comparatively small open-source StarCoder+ (15.5B parameters) with LINC even outperforms GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting by an absolute 38% and 10%, respectively. When used with GPT-4, LINC scores 26% higher than CoT on ProofWriter while performing comparatively on FOLIO. Further analysis reveals that although both methods on average succeed roughly equally often on this dataset, they exhibit distinct and complementary failure modes. We thus provide promising evidence for how logical reasoning over natural language can be tackled through jointly leveraging LLMs alongside symbolic provers. All corresponding code is publicly available at https://github.com/benlipkin/linc
description: EMNLP Main 2023 (Outstanding Paper Award)
Perceived Islamophobia and life satisfaction among Muslim Americans
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Shan Mohammed
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Islamophobia
Discrimination
Muslim Americans
Life satisfaction
Well-being

description: Over 3.4 million Muslims live in the United States, and in recent years, they have been subjected to a sharp spike in hate crimes, heightened government surveillance, and legislation that bans travel from Muslim-majority countries. These incidents are cases of Islamophobia, an irrational fear and/or hatred of Muslims. Although prior studies have shown that exposure to racial discrimination negatively impacts health and well-being, research on the effects of religious discrimination against Muslims has been limited. Using data from Pew Research Center’s 2017 Survey of Muslim Americans, this thesis examines the relationship between experiences with Islamophobia and life/country satisfaction among Muslim Americans. I find that being personally discriminated against due to one’s faith is not related to life satisfaction. Perceiving vicarious Islamophobia, however, is strongly associated with poorer life and country satisfaction. Implications for future research on Muslim Americans are discussed.
A Novel Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing with Special Reference to Leak-off Flow
Creators: name: Jafari, Ahmad
name: Hashemi, Mohammad
name: Vahab, Mohammad
name: Khalili, Nasser
Publisher: name: The Biot-Bazant Conference
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91402 Geomechanics and Resources Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: This publication is part of the proceedings of the Biot-Bažant Conference on Engineering Mechanics and Physics of Porous Materials, which took place virtually on June 1-3, 2021. It contains a one-page abstract and the video of the talk that was given at the conference.
Gate tuning from exciton superfluid to quantum anomalous Hall in van der Waals heterobilayer
Creators: name: Zhu, Qizhong
name: Tu, Matisse Wei-Yuan
name: Tong, Qingjun
name: Yao, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Van der Waals heterostructures of 2D materials provide a powerful approach towards engineering various quantum phases of matters. Examples include topological matters such as quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator, and correlated matters such as exciton superfluid. It can be of great interest to realize these vastly different quantum matters on a common platform, however, their distinct origins tend to restrict them to material systems of incompatible characters. Here we show that heterobilayers of two-dimensional valley semiconductors can be tuned through interlayer bias between an exciton superfluid (ES), a quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulator, and a QSH insulator. The tunability between these distinct phases results from the competition of Coulomb interaction with the interlayer quantum tunnelling that has a chiral form in valley semiconductors. Our findings point to exciting opportunities for harnessing both protected topological edge channels and bulk superfluidity in an electrically configurable platform.
description: To appear in Science Advances
From the WZWN Model to the Liouville Equation: Exact String Dynamics in Conformally Invariant AdS Background
Creators: name: Larsen, A. L.
name: Sánchez, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for some time that the SL(2,R) WZWN model reduces to Liouville theory. Here we give a direct and physical derivation of this result based on the classical string equations of motion and the proper string size. This allows us to extract precisely the physical effects of the metric and antisymmetric tensor, respectively, on the {\it exact} string dynamics in the SL(2,R) background. The general solution to the proper string size is also found. We show that the antisymmetric tensor (corresponding to conformal invariance) generally gives rise to repulsion, and it precisely cancels the dominant attractive term arising from the metric. Both the sinh-Gordon and the cosh-Gordon sectors of the string dynamics in non-conformally invariant AdS spacetime reduce here to the Liouville equation (with different signs of the potential), while the original Liouville sector reduces to the free wave equation. Only the very large classical string size is affected by the torsion. Medium and small size string behaviours are unchanged. We also find illustrative classes of string solutions in the SL(2,R) background: dynamical closed as well as stationary open spiralling strings, for which the effect of torsion is somewhat like the effect of rotation in the metric. Similarly, the string solutions in the 2+1 BH-AdS background with torsion and angular momentum are fully analyzed.
description: 24 pages including 4 postscript figures. Enlarged version including a section on string solutions in 2+1 black hole background. To be published in Phys. Rev. D., December 1998
Report-on-Tech-Marketing-in-B2B-fintech-industry-2024-1.pdf
Creators: name: Macieszko, Zuzanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350607
subject: Marketing technology

description: Report on Tech Marketing in B2B Fintech IndustryWe conducted a report on 200 companies worldwide operating in the fintech sector within the B2B industry. We devised a program to analyze the content of selected websites, upon which we based our research findings. The report aims to assess the market status of fintech companies, covering both marketing strategies and technical details. Additionally, we sought insights from industry specialists. We invite you to delve into the report!MISSIONEvaluate the marketing strategies employed by fintech companies to reach their target audience and gain market share.Provide industry specialists and stakeholders with informed perspectives on the challenges and opportunities within the fintech sector.Encourage dialogue and exchange of perspectives among fintech specialists.
Additional file 2: of A novel approach reveals that HLA class 1 single antigen bead-signatures provide a means of high-accuracy pre-transplant risk assessment of acute cellular rejection in renal transplantation
Creators: name: Wittenbrink, Nicole
name: Herrmann, Sabrina
name: Blazquez-Navarro, Arturo
name: Bauer, Chris
name: Lindberg, Eric
name: Wolk, Kerstin
name: Sabat, Robert
name: Reinke, Petra
name: Sawitzki, Birgit
name: Thomusch, Oliver
name: Hugo, Christian
name: Babel, Nina
name: Seitz, Harald
name: Or-Guil, Michal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S2. Distribution of MFI cutoffs for generation of binary HLA class 1 SAB data. Illustrated are the MFI cutoff values of the 52 pre-transplant serum samples (control group = 18; ACR group, Rej = 34) of the binary HLA class 1 SAB data (1: presence of reactivity = above the MFI cutoff). (PDF 53 kb)
Hyperbola moschias
Creators: name: Mbata, Keith J.
name: Prins, Jurate De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Hyperbola
Hyperbola moschias

description: Hyperbola moschias (Meyrick, 1914)
COMMON NAME(S): Fungus moth or Tineid moth.
SYNONYM(S): None.
IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated (NE).
DISTRIBUTION: Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia.
LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Mpika, in Muchinga Province.
LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): Unknown.
SOURCES: De Prins & De Prins 2022; Gozmány 1967a –c.
description: Published as part of Mbata, Keith J. & Prins, Jurate De, 2023, Annotated checklist of moths of Zambia (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 1-503 in Zootaxa 5354 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5354.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10130434
title: Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Kultur der technischwissenschaftlichen Welt" (KTW) an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Geistes- und Erziehungswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 6
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1163
Exit Dynamics of a Square Cylinder
Creators: name: Ashraf, Intesaaf
name: Dorbolo, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we experimentally investigate the exit dynamics of a square cylinder, that is initially fully immersed in a water tank and that crosses the interface perpendicularly to its symmetry axis. The cylinder moves upwards at a constant velocity in the vertical direction till the cylinder exits out of the water into the air. The experiments were performed at different traveling speeds. The images of the cylinder crossing the interface were taken using a high-speed camera. The images were used to track the interface deformation when the cylinder approaches and crosses the interface. On top of these measurements, the force required to move the cylinder was simultaneously measured in order to estimate the drag force during the travel in the tank, the force of entrainment, and the force of crossing over the interface. Particle image velocimetry was performed to visualize the flow. Correlations between the different measurements are inspected.
Seeing molecules : real-space simulations of noncontact atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Fan, Dingxin
name: 0000-0001-6850-9362
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Real-space pseudopotential density functional theory calculations
Atomic force microscopy

description: Noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) allows researchers to image the chemical structure of single molecules. In 2009, an experimental group obtained atomic resolution nc-AFM images of pentacene by using a carbon monoxide (CO) functionalized tip. This inspired a wide range of applications, including but not limited to directly characterizing molecular structures and atomic level manipulations. However, interpreting nc-AFM images remains a challenge. We employ a real-space pseudopotential constructed within density functional theory code, PARSEC, to simulate nc-AFM images and compute interatomic forces. We first study the effect of using different probe tips (CO, H₂, N₂, Br, and CH₂O). We find the selected tips provide accurate simulations except for the Br atom tip. In addition, we find contrast inversion with CO and N₂ tips at small tip heights and image distortion with CH₂O tips. Second, we simulate nc-AFM images of molecules containing double and triple bonds. We find triple bonds can be unambiguously distinguished based on a characteristic image, and the degree of double bond character can be determined from the image. Third, we study several nonplanar organic molecules on a Cu(111) substrate. This substrate results in significant distortions in molecular structures. Including these distortions in simulated nc-AFM imaging notably improves the agreement between the simulated and measured images. Next, we simulate the nc-AFM images of several heteroatom-containing (S, I, and N) molecules. We find that S and I atoms can be easily identified from C based on their unique features. For N atoms, we propose a use of tip functionalization to effectively discriminate them from C atoms. Finally, in joint experimental-theoretical work, we study the bond-breaking process of a single dative bond between CO and ferrous phthalocyanine. The bond is ruptured via mechanical forces applied by AFM tips. This process is quantitatively measured and characterized both experimentally and via quantum-based simulations. Our results show that the bond can be ruptured either by applying an attractive force of ~150 pN or by a repulsive force of ~220 pN with a significant contribution of shear forces, accompanied by changes of the spin state of the system
Localization in spin chains with facilitation constraints and disordered interactions
Creators: name: Ostmann, Maike
name: Marcuzzi, Matteo
name: Garrahan, Juan P.
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum many-body systems with kinetic constraints exhibit intriguing relaxation dynamics. Recent experimental progress in the field of cold atomic gases offers a handle for probing collective behavior of such systems, in particular for understanding the interplay between constraints and disorder. Here we explore a spin chain with facilitation constraints --- a feature which is often used to model classical glass formers --- together with disorder that originates from spin-spin interactions. The specific model we study, which is realized in a natural fashion in Rydberg quantum simulators, maps onto an XX-chain with non-local disorder. Our study shows that the combination of constraints and seemingly unconventional disorder may lead to interesting non-equilibrium behaviour in experimentally relevant setups.
Small and large polarons in nickelates, manganites, and cuprates
Creators: name: Calvani, P.
name: Dore, P.
name: Lupi, S.
name: Paolone, A.
name: Maselli, P.
name: Giura, P.
name: Ruzicka, B.
name: Cheong, S-W.
name: Sadowski, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By comparing the optical conductivities of La_{1.67}Sr_{0.33}NiO_{4} (LSNO), Sr_{1.5}La_{0.5}MnO_4 (SLMO), Nd_2CuO_{4-y} (NCO), and Nd_{1.96}Ce_{0.04}CuO_{4} (NCCO), we have identified a peculiar behavior of polarons in this cuprate family. While in LSNO and SLMO small polarons localize into ordered structures below a transition temperature, in those cuprates the polarons appear to be large, and at low T their binding energy decreases. This reflects into an increase of the polaron radius, which may trigger coherent transport.
description: File latex, 15 p. incl. 4 Figs. epsf, to appear on the Journal of Superconductivity - Proc. "Stripes 1996" - Roma Dec 1996
Improving cervical cancer screening in the Republic of Moldova.
Creators: name: Heyningen, Charles Van
name: Coutts, Michael
name: Brett, Mary
name: Glencross, Hedley
name: Pathologists, Royal College Of
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Volunteering to improve cervical cancer screening in the Republic of Moldova.

Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are very high in the Republic of Moldova being 4 and 6 times higher respectively than in the UK. The incidence of all cancers in Moldova had increased from 2005, with cervical cancer the second commonest cancer among women in 2018 and the leading cause of cancer deaths in woman aged 15-44 years.

The Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) in London was approached in 2016 by the Director General of the International Cervical Cancer Prevention Association, working with the United Nations Population Fund and the Ministry of Health in the Republic of Moldova, to help with the implementation of a national cervical screening programme in Moldova. The project involves building Moldova’s capacity for gynaecological cellular pathology and they wished to have two Moldovan histopathologists come to the UK for training.

Initially I and another UK based medical pathologist volunteered to visit Moldova and assess current equipment and practices. We visited several clinical laboratories in the capital city, Chisinau, and one regional laboratory. During the visit, training needs were discussed and a training plan agreed, to include training in the UK, improvement actions to be implemented in Moldova, and a follow-up training workshop to be held in Moldova. As a result, two Pathologists from Moldova were trained at Maidstone Hospital in Kent, under supervision of a consultant gynaecological pathologist and subsequently a training workshop was held in Moldova to built capacity to implement the screening program. Two UK gynaecological pathologist contributed to the training workshop for 15 Moldovan pathologists and they made further recommendations on laboratory services and training requirements.

Early in 2018, the Moldova Cervical Cancer Prevention Week was launched to raise awareness about the need to prevent this disease. As a result of the project, over 760,000 Moldovan women aged 25-61 years are expected to benefit from improved cervical screening services. It is predicted that national cervical cancer incidence will decrease by 20% and the cervical cancer mortality will decrease by 5% over the next seven years.

The RCPath international department staff and medical fellows who volunteered to collaborate have played a major role in the implementation of this disease prevention initiative. I have benefitted from my involvement as RCPath international regional advisor by learning how to successfully engage and collaborate overseas towards improving health in a resource limited country
Exploring galaxy evolution with generative models
Creators: name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Turp, M. Dennis
name: Zhang, Ce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context. Generative models open up the possibility to interrogate scientific data in a more data-driven way. Aims: We propose a method that uses generative models to explore hypotheses in astrophysics and other areas. We use a neural network to show how we can independently manipulate physical attributes by encoding objects in latent space. Methods: By learning a latent space representation of the data, we can use this network to forward model and explore hypotheses in a data-driven way. We train a neural network to generate artificial data to test hypotheses for the underlying physical processes. Results: We demonstrate this process using a well-studied process in astrophysics, the quenching of star formation in galaxies as they move from low-to high-density environments. This approach can help explore astrophysical and other phenomena in a way that is different from current methods based on simulations and observations.
description: Published in A&A. For code and further details, see http://space.ml/proj/explore
Radiative decay branching ratio of the Hoyle state
Creators: name: Luo, Zifeng
name: Barbui, M.
name: Bishop, J.
name: Chubarian, G.
name: Goldberg, V. Z.
name: Harris, E.
name: Koshchiy, E.
name: Parker, C. E.
name: Roosa, M.
name: Saastamoinen, A.
name: Scriven, D. P.
name: Rogachev, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: The triple-alpha process is a vital reaction in nuclear astrophysics, characterized by two consecutive reactions [$2α\leftrightarrows{^{8}\rm{Be}}(α,γ){^{12}\rm{C}}$] that drive carbon formation. The second reaction occurs through the Hoyle state, a 7.65 MeV excited state in ${^{12}\rm{C}}$ with $J^π=0^{+}$. The rate of the process depends on the radiative width, which can be determined by measuring the branching ratio for electromagnetic decay. Recent measurements by Kibédi et al. conflicted with the adopted value and resulted in a significant increase of nearly 50\% in this branching ratio, directly affecting the triple-alpha reaction. Purpose: This work aims to utilize charged-particle spectroscopy with magnetic selection as a means to accurately measure the total radiative branching ratio ($Γ_{\rm{rad}}/Γ$) of the Hoyle state in $^{12}{\rm C}$. Methods: The Hoyle state in $^{12}{\rm C}$ was populated via $^{12}\rm{C}(α, α')^{12}\rm{C^{*}}$ inelastic scattering. The scattered $α$ particles were detected using a $Δ$E-E telescope, while the recoiled $^{12}{\rm C}$ ions were identified in a magnetic spectrometer. Results: A radiative branching ratio value of $Γ_{\rm{rad}}/Γ\times10^{4}=4.0\pm0.3({\rm stat.})\pm0.16({\rm syst.})$ was obtained. Conclusions: The radiative branching ratio for the Hoyle state obtained in this work is in agreement with the original adopted value. Our result suggests that the proton-$γ$-$γ$ spectroscopy result reported by Kibédi et al. may be excluded.
Certain linear isomorphisms for hyperalgebras relative to a Chevalley group
Creators: name: Yoshii, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L17, 17B35, 16S30

description: Let $G$ be a simply connected and simple algebraic group defined and split over a finite prime field $\mathbb{F}_p$ of $p$ elements. In this paper, using an $\mathbb{F}_p$-linear map splitting Frobenius endomorphism on a hyperalgebra relative to $G$, we obtain some $\mathbb{F}_p$-linear isomorphisms induced by multiplication in the hyperalgebra.
description: 28 pages
Specific heat and non-linear susceptibility in spin glasses with random fields
Creators: name: Romitti, M. V.
name: Zimmer, F. M.
name: Morais, C. V.
name: Magalhaes, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study magnetic properties of spin glass SG systems under a random field (RF), beased on the suggestion that RFs can be induced by a weak transverse field in the compound LiHo$_x$Y$_{1-x}$F$_4$. We consider a cluster spin model that allows long-range disordered interactions among clusters and short-range interactions inside the clusters, besides a local RF for each spin following a Gaussian distribution with standard deviation $Δ$. We adopt the one-step replica symmetry breaking (RSB) approach to get an exactly solvable single-cluster problem. We discuss the behavior of order parameters, specific heat $C_{m}$, nonlinear susceptibility $χ_3$ and phase diagrams for different disorder configurations. In the absence of RF, the $χ_3$ exhibits a divergence at $T_f$, while the $C_{m}$ shows a broad maximum at a temperature $T^{**}$ around 30$\%$ above $T_f$, as expected for conventional SG systems. The presence of RF changes this scenario. The $C_{m}$ still shows the maximum at $T^{**}$ that is weakly dependent on $Δ$. However, the $T_f$ is displaced to lower temperatures, enhancing considerable the ration $T^{**}/T_f$. Furthermore, the divergence in $χ_3$ is replaced by a rounded maximum at a temperature $T^{*}$, which becomes increasingly higher than $T_f$ as $Δ$ enhances. As a consequence, the paramagnetic phase is unfolded in three regions: (i) a conventional paramagnetism ($T>T^{**}$; (ii) a region with formation of short-range order with frozen spins ($T^{*}
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
AutoEFT: Constructing and exploring on-shell bases of effective field theories
Creators: name: Schaaf, Magnus C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective Field Theories (EFTs) provide a framework for capturing the effects of yet unseen heavy degrees of freedom in a model-independent manner. However, constructing a complete and minimal set of operators, especially at higher mass dimensions, is challenging. We present AutoEFT, an implementation of an algorithm that systematically handles redundancies among operators due to equations of motion, integration-by-parts identities, Fierz identities, and repeated fields. This algorithm enables the construction of on-shell bases for a broad range of EFTs. Additionally, it facilitates the exploration of various aspects within this field, such as investigating higher mass dimensions or the relationship between different operator bases. AutoEFT can be applied to phenomenologically relevant theories like the Standard Model and its extensions, including new light particles or additional symmetry groups.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; contribution to the proceedings of the European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP2023), 21-25 August 2023, Hamburg, Germany
Additional file 1: of A novel approach reveals that HLA class 1 single antigen bead-signatures provide a means of high-accuracy pre-transplant risk assessment of acute cellular rejection in renal transplantation
Creators: name: Wittenbrink, Nicole
name: Herrmann, Sabrina
name: Blazquez-Navarro, Arturo
name: Bauer, Chris
name: Lindberg, Eric
name: Wolk, Kerstin
name: Sabat, Robert
name: Reinke, Petra
name: Sawitzki, Birgit
name: Thomusch, Oliver
name: Hugo, Christian
name: Babel, Nina
name: Seitz, Harald
name: Or-Guil, Michal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Cumulative frequency of ACR through the first post-transplantation year. Frequency of patients in the ACR group who experienced at least one ACR event at different time points post-transplantation. At week 2 and month 3, 34% and 79% of patients in the ACR group had experienced an ACR event. (PDF 126 kb)
title: Berichtigung des Verkündungsblattes Nr. 1162 vom 24.04.2017 zur Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Lehramt an Grundschulen" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Geistes- und Erziehungswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 6
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1162 a
A neutral hydrogen distance limit to the relativistic binary PSR J1141-6545
Creators: name: Ord, S. M.
name: Bailes, M.
name: van Straten, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained an HI absorption spectrum of the relativistic binary PSR J1141-6545 and used it to constrain the distance to the system. The spectrum suggests that the pulsar is at, or beyond, the tangent point, estimated to be at 3.7 kpc. PSR J1141-6545 offers the promise of stringent tests of General Relativity (GR) by comparing its observed orbital period derivative with that derived from other relativistic observables. At the distance of PSR J1141-6545 it should be possible to verify GR to an accuracy of just a few percent, as contributions to the observed orbital period derivative from kinematic terms will be a small fraction of that induced by the emission of gravitational radiation. PSR J1141-6545 will thus make an exceptional gravitational laboratory.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Thermodynamic Cross-Effects from Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Matyas, Laszlo
name: Tel, Tamas
name: Vollmer, Jurgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a thermodynamically consistent description of simultaneous heat and particle transport, as well as of the associated cross-effects, in the framework of a chaotic dynamical system, a generalized multibaker map. Besides the density, a second field with appropriate source terms is included in order to mimic, after coarse graining, a spatial temperature distribution and its time evolution. A new expression is derived for the irreversible entropy production in a steady state, as the average of the growth rate of the relative density, a unique combination of the two fields.
description: 4 pages, 2 postscript figures
Emotion Detection for Misinformation: A Review
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiwei
name: Zhang, Tianlin
name: Yang, Kailai
name: Thompson, Paul
name: Yu, Zeping
name: Ananiadou, Sophia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advent of social media, an increasing number of netizens are sharing and reading posts and news online. However, the huge volumes of misinformation (e.g., fake news and rumors) that flood the internet can adversely affect people's lives, and have resulted in the emergence of rumor and fake news detection as a hot research topic. The emotions and sentiments of netizens, as expressed in social media posts and news, constitute important factors that can help to distinguish fake news from genuine news and to understand the spread of rumors. This article comprehensively reviews emotion-based methods for misinformation detection. We begin by explaining the strong links between emotions and misinformation. We subsequently provide a detailed analysis of a range of misinformation detection methods that employ a variety of emotion, sentiment and stance-based features, and describe their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we discuss a number of ongoing challenges in emotion-based misinformation detection based on large language models and suggest future research directions, including data collection (multi-platform, multilingual), annotation, benchmark, multimodality, and interpretability.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures
title: Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Lehramt an Grundschulen" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Geistes- und Erziehungswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 6
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1162
D=11 Supergravity Revisited
Creators: name: Deser, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss two novel results in D=11 Supergravity. The first establishes, in two complementary ways, a no-go theorem that, in contrast to all D<11, a cosmological extension of the theory does not exist. The second deals with the structure of (on-shell) four-point invariants. These are important both for establishing existence of the lowest (2-loop) order candidate counter-terms in the theory proper, as well as for comparison with the form of eventual "zero-slope" QFT limit of M-theory.
description: 12 pages. Lecture delivered at Arnowitt Fest, to appear in Relativity, Particle Physics and Cosmology (World Scientific)
RABBITS -- I. The crucial role of nuclear star formation in driving the coalescence of supermassive black hole binaries
Creators: name: Liao, Shihong
name: Irodotou, Dimitrios
name: Johansson, Peter H.
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Rizzuto, Francesco Paolo
name: Hislop, Jessica M.
name: Rawlings, Alexander
name: Wright, Ruby J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study of the `Resolving supermAssive Black hole Binaries In galacTic hydrodynamical Simulations' (RABBITS) series, we focus on the hardening and coalescing process of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries in galaxy mergers. For simulations including different galaxy formation processes (i.e. gas cooling, star formation, SMBH accretion, stellar and AGN feedback), we systematically control the effect of stochastic eccentricity by fixing it to similar values during the SMBH hardening phase. We find a strong correlation between the SMBH merger time-scales and the presence of nuclear star formation. Throughout the galaxy merging process, gas condenses at the centre due to cooling and tidal torques, leading to nuclear star formation. These recently formed stars, which inherit low angular momenta from the gas, contribute to the loss cone and assist in the SMBH hardening via three-body interactions. Compared to non-radiative hydrodynamical runs, the SMBH merger time-scales measured from the runs including cooling, stellar and SMBH physical processes tend to be shortened by a factor of ${\sim}1.7$. After fixing the eccentricity to the range of $e \sim 0.6$--$0.8$ during the hardening phase, the simulations with AGN feedback reveal merger time-scales of ${\sim} 100$--$500$ Myr for disc mergers and ${\sim} 1$--$2$ Gyr for elliptical mergers. With a semi-analytical approach, we find that the torque interaction between the binary and its circumbinary disc has minimal impact on the shrinking of the binary orbit in our retrograde galaxy merger. Our results are useful in improving the modelling of SMBH merger time-scales and gravitational wave event rates.
description: 18 pages, 8 main + 3 appendix figures, renamed as RABBITS I, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bi-directional Joint Neural Networks for Intent Classification and Slot Filling
Creators: name: Han, Soyeon Caren
name: Long, Siqu
name: Li, Huichun
name: Weld, Henry
name: Poon, Josiah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intent classification and slot filling are two critical tasks for natural language understanding. Traditionally the two tasks proceeded independently. However, more recently joint models for intent classification and slot filling have achieved state-of-the-art performance, and have proved that there exists a strong relationship between the two tasks. In this paper, we propose a bi-directional joint model for intent classification and slot filling, which includes a multi-stage hierarchical process via BERT and bi-directional joint natural language understanding mechanisms, including intent2slot and slot2intent, to obtain mutual performance enhancement between intent classification and slot filling. The evaluations show that our model achieves state-of-the-art results on intent classification accuracy, slot filling F1, and significantly improves sentence-level semantic frame accuracy when applied to publicly available benchmark datasets, ATIS (88.6%) and SNIPS (92.8%).
Correction and notes to the paper "A classification of Artin-Schreier defect extensions and characterizations of defectless fields"
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Franz-Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 12J10, 13A18, Secondary 12J25, 12L12, 14B05

description: We correct a mistake in a lemma in the paper cited in the title and show that it did not affect any of the other results of the paper. To this end we prove results on linearly disjoint field extensions that do not seem to be commonly known. We give an example to show that a separability assumption in one of these results cannot be dropped (doing so had led to the mistake). Further, we discuss recent generalizations of the original classification of defect extensions.
title: Berichtigung des Verkündungsblattes Nr. 1161 vom 24.04.2017 zur Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Lehramt an Haupt- und Realschulen" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Geistes- und Erziehungswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 6
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1161 a
Local Perturbation in a Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid at g=1/2
Creators: name: Furusaki, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orthogonality catastrophe in a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid with an impurity is reexamined for the case when the interaction parameter or the dimensionless conductance is g=1/2. By transforming bosons back to fermions, the Hamiltonian is reduced to a quadratic form, which allows for explicit calculation of the overlap integral and the local density of states at the defect site. The exponent of the orthogonality catastrophe due to a backward scattering center is found to be 1/8, in agreement with previous studies using different approaches. The time-dependence of the core-hole Green's function is computed numerically, which shows a clear crossover from a non-universal short-time behavior to a universal long-time behavior. The local density of states vanishes linearly in the low-energy limit at g=1/2.
description: 9 pages including 1 postscript figure, REVTeX, uses epsf.sty and multicol.sty
Rayleigh Laser Guide Star Systems: UnISIS Bow Tie Shutter and CCD39 Wavefront Camera
Creators: name: Thompson, Laird A.
name: Teare, Scott W.
name: Crawford, Samuel L.
name: Leach, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser guide star systems based on Rayleigh scattering require some means to deal with the flash of low altitude laser light that follows immediately after each laser pulse. These systems also need a fast shutter to isolate the high altitude portion of the focused laser beam to make it appear star-like to the wavefront sensor. We describe how these tasks are accomplished with UnISIS, the Rayleigh laser guided adaptive optics system at the Mt. Wilson Observatory 2.5-m telescope. We use several methods: a 10,000 RPM rotating disk, dichroics, a fast sweep and clear mode of the CCD readout electronics on a 10 $μ$s timescale, and a Pockel's cell shutter system. The Pockel's cell shutter would be conventional in design if the laser light were naturally polarized, but the UnISIS 351 nm laser is unpolarized. So we have designed and put into operation a dual Pockel's cell shutter in a unique bow tie arrangement.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in October 2002 issue of PASP
A novel coupled mechanical, fluid-thermal approach to modelling of hydraulic fracturing in rocks
Creators: name: Krzaczek, Marek
name: Nikta, M.
name: Tejchman, Jacek
Publisher: name: The Biot-Bazant Conference
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91402 Geomechanics and Resources Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: This publication is part of the proceedings of the Biot-Bažant Conference on Engineering Mechanics and Physics of Porous Materials, which took place virtually on June 1-3, 2021. It contains a one-page abstract and the video of the talk that was given at the conference.
Close-in Super-Earths: The first and the last stages of planet formation in an MRI-accreting disc
Creators: name: Jankovic, Marija R.
name: Owen, James E.
name: Mohanty, Subhanjoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore in situ formation and subsequent evolution of close-in super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. We adopt a steady-state inner protoplanetary gas disc structure that arises from viscous accretion due to the magneto-rotational instability (MRI). We consider the evolution of dust in the inner disc, including growth, radial drift and fragmentation, and find that dust particles that radially drift into the inner disc fragment severely due to the MRI-induced turbulence. This result has two consequences: (1) radial drift of grains within the inner disc is quenched, leading to an enhancement of dust in the inner regions which scales as dust-to-gas-mass-flux-ratio at ~1 AU; (2) however, despite this enhancement, planetesimal formation is impeded by the small grain size. Nevertheless, assuming that planetary cores are present in the inner disc, we then investigate the accretion of atmospheres onto cores and their subsequent photoevaporation. We then compare our results to the observed exoplanet mass-radius relationship. We find that: (1) the low gas surface densities and high temperatures in the inner disc reduce gas accretion onto cores compared to the minimum mass solar nebula, preventing the cores from growing into hot Jupiters, in agreement with the data; (2) however, our predicted envelope masses are still typically larger than observed ones. Finally, we sketch a qualitative picture of how grains may grow and planetesimals form in the inner disc if grain effects on the ionization levels and the MRI and the back-reaction of the dust on the gas (both neglected in our calculations) are accounted for.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Lehramt an Haupt- und Realschulen" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Geistes- und Erziehungswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 6
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1161
Gravitational wave emission from metastable current-carrying strings in $E_6$
Creators: name: Afzal, Adeela
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Tiwari, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss $E_6$ based extensions of the Standard Model (SM) containing two varieties of superheavy metastable cosmic strings (CSs) that respectively have neutral and electrically charged current carriers. We employ an extended version of the velocity-dependent one-scale (VOS) model, recently discussed by some authors, to estimate the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum emitted by metastable strings with a dimensionless string tension $G μ\approx 10^{-6}$ that carry a right-handed neutrino (RHN) current. We find that with a low to moderate amount of current, the spectrum is compatible with the LIGO O3 run and also consistent at the 1$σ$ level with the recent PTA signals.
description: We added a paragraph summarizing Section 2 at the end of Section 2 for better clarity
Eigenvalues of the Dirac Operator on Manifolds with Boundary
Creators: name: Hijazi, Oussama
name: Montiel, Sebastian
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C27;53C40;53C80;58G25

description: Under standard local boundary conditions or certain global APS boundary conditions, we get lower bounds for the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator on compact spin manifolds with boundary. Limiting cases are characterized by the existence of real Killing spinors and the minimality of the boundary.
description: 13 pages, LaTex
Additional file 7: of Loss of Msh2 and a single-radiation hit induce common, genome-wide, and persistent epigenetic changes in the intestine
Creators: name: Herberg, Maria
name: Siebert, Susann
name: Quaas, Marianne
name: Thalheim, Torsten
name: Rother, Karen
name: Hussong, Michelle
name: AltmĂźller, Janine
name: Kerner, Christiane
name: Joerg Galle
name: Schweiger, Michal
name: Aust, Gabriela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Comparison of epigenetic states in intestinal tissue and isolated intestinal cells [22]. (DOCX 515Â kb)
What are biology and ecosystem Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) and how can they be used in conservation?
Creators: name: Nordlund, Lina Mtwana
name: Palacz, Artur P.
name: Duffy, J. Emmett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Imagine if we had some key biology and ecosystem variables that are collected in the same way, and made openly available. Then we would be able to use this comparable data from around the world to advance our understanding of the ocean but also to create products that would be very useful in conservation. For example, distribution maps that could indicate areas in decline but also areas that are recovering or flourishing, or as early warning systems of e.g. invasive species.  A global view, in other words adopting a global framework, will also provide insights into similarities among areas to find common solutions and learn from each other. 

The idea behind the biology and ecosystem Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs), is to enable this globally coordinated and comparable approach to observations, data management and delivery of products and services. The EOVs are coordinated by the Global Ocean Observing System, IOC-UNESCO, and everyone is encouraged to take part. We will use the Seagrass cover and composition EOV to illustrate this vision and how collaboration can advance our understanding of the ocean and marine conservation.