cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Cluster-based reduced-order modelling of a mixing layer
Creators: name: Kaiser, Eurika
name: Noack, Bernd R.
name: Cordier, Laurent
name: Spohn, Andreas
name: Segond, Marc
name: Abel, Markus
name: Daviller, Guillaume
name: Osth, Jan
name: Krajnovic, Sinisa
name: Niven, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We propose a novel cluster-based reduced-order modelling (CROM) strategy for unsteady flows. CROM combines the cluster analysis pioneered in Gunzburger's group (Burkardt, Gunzburger & Lee, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engng, vol. 196, 2006a, pp. 337-355) and transition matrix models introduced in fluid dynamics in Eckhardt's group (Schneider, Eckhardt & Vollmer, Phys. Rev. E, vol. 75, 2007, art. 066313). CROM constitutes a potential alternative to POD models and generalises the Ulam-Galerkin method classically used in dynamical systems to determine a finite-rank approximation of the Perron-Frobenius operator. The proposed strategy processes a time-resolved sequence of flow snapshots in two steps. First, the snapshot data are clustered into a small number of representative states, called centroids, in the state space. These centroids partition the state space in complementary non-overlapping regions (centroidal Voronoi cells). Departing from the standard algorithm, the probabilities of the clusters are determined, and the states are sorted by analysis of the transition matrix. Second, the transitions between the states are dynamically modelled using a Markov process. Physical mechanisms are then distilled by a refined analysis of the Markov process, e. g. using finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) and entropic methods. This CROM framework is applied to the Lorenz attractor (as illustrative example), to velocity fields of the spatially evolving incompressible mixing layer and the three-dimensional turbulent wake of a bluff body. For these examples, CROM is shown to identify non-trivial quasi-attractors and transition processes in an unsupervised manner. CROM has numerous potential applications for the systematic identification of physical mechanisms of complex dynamics, for comparison of flow evolution models, for the identification of precursors to desirable and undesirable events, and for flow control applications exploiting nonlinear actuation dynamics.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 605
Adiabatic State Conversion and Pulse Transmission in Optomechanical Systems
Creators: name: Tian, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optomechanical systems with strong coupling can be a powerful medium for quantum state engineering. Here, we show that quantum state conversion between cavity modes with different wavelengths can be realized with high fidelity by adiabatically varying the effective optomechanical couplings. The fidelity for the conversion of gaussian states is derived by solving the Langevin equation in the adiabatic limit. We also show that photon pulses can be transmitted between input-output channels with different wavelengths via the effective optomechanical couplings and the output pulse shape can also be manipulated.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Supplementary Materials at http://prl.aps.org/supplemental/PRL/v108/i15/e153604
title: claspfolio 2
title: advances in algorithm selection for answer set programming
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hoos, Holger
name: Lindauer, Marius
name: Schaub, Torsten
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Building on the award-winning, portfolio-based ASP solver claspfolio, we present claspfolio 2, a modular and open solver architecture that integrates several different portfolio-based algorithm selection approaches and techniques. The claspfolio 2 solver framework supports various feature generators, solver selection approaches, solver portfolios, as well as solver-schedule-based pre-solving techniques. The default configuration of claspfolio 2 relies on a light-weight version of the ASP solver clasp to generate static and dynamic instance features. The flexible open design of claspfolio 2 is a distinguishing factor even beyond ASP. As such, it provides a unique framework for comparing and combining existing portfolio-based algorithm selection approaches and techniques in a single, unified framework. Taking advantage of this, we conducted an extensive experimental study to assess the impact of different feature sets, selection approaches and base solver portfolios. In addition to gaining substantial insights into the utility of the various approaches and techniques, we identified a default configuration of claspfolio 2 that achieves substantial performance gains not only over clasp's default configuration and the earlier version of claspfolio, but also over manually tuned configurations of clasp.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 606
Renormalized energy concentration in random matrices
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Serfaty, Sylvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G55, 60G10, 15B52

description: We define a "renormalized energy" as an explicit functional on arbitrary point configurations of constant average density in the plane and on the real line. The definition is inspired by ideas of [SS1,SS3]. Roughly speaking, it is obtained by subtracting two leading terms from the Coulomb potential on a growing number of charges. The functional is expected to be a good measure of disorder of a configuration of points. We give certain formulas for its expectation for general stationary random point processes. For the random matrix $β$-sine processes on the real line (beta=1,2,4), and Ginibre point process and zeros of Gaussian analytic functions process in the plane, we compute the expectation explicitly. Moreover, we prove that for these processes the variance of the renormalized energy vanishes, which shows concentration near the expected value. We also prove that the beta=2 sine process minimizes the renormalized energy in the class of determinantal point processes with translation invariant correlation kernels.
description: last version, to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
A common solution to the cosmic ray anisotropy and gradient problems
Creators: name: Evoli, Carmelo
name: Gaggero, Daniele
name: Grasso, Dario
name: Maccione, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multichannel Cosmic Ray (CR) spectra and the large scale CR anisotropy can hardly be made compatible in the framework of conventional isotropic and homogeneous propagation models. These models also have problems explaining the longitude distribution and the radial emissivity gradient of the $γ$-ray galactic interstellar emission. We argue here that accounting for a well physically motivated correlation between the CR escape time and the spatially dependent magnetic turbulence power can naturally solve both problems. Indeed, by exploiting this correlation we find propagation models that fit a wide set of CR primary and secondary spectra, and consistently reproduce the CR anisotropy in the energy range $10^2 - 10^4 \GeV$ and the $γ$-ray longitude distribution recently measured by Fermi-LAT.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. v2: Accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
On extremal properties of minimal Ramsey graphs and cross intersecting families
Creators: name: Gupta, Pranshu
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Minimum degrees
subject: minimal Ramsey graphs
subject: r-cross t-intersecting families
classificationCode: 500
subject: Naturwissenschaften
classificationCode: 510
subject: Mathematik

description: Diese Arbeit ist in vier Teile gegliedert, von denen drei das Verhalten der Menge der minimalen Ramsey-Graphen für einen bestimmten Graphen untersuchen. Im ersten Teil untersuchen wir das Phänomen der Ramsey-simplicity für Zufallsgraphen Gn,p. Wir zeigen die Existenz eines Schwellenwertes für die Anzahl der Farben, für die ein gegebener Graph Ramsey-simple ist, und bestimmen verschiedene Schranken dafür. Im zweiten Teil de nieren und analysieren wir die abundance von Graphen. Wir präsentieren viele un endliche Klassen von Graphen, die für eine bestimmte Anzahl von Farben abundant sind. Der dritte Teil der Arbeit liefert einen Beweis für asymmetrische Paare von Graphen, die Ramsey-äquivalent zueinander sind. Im letzten Teil dieser Arbeit bestimmen wir die max imale Summe der Gröÿen auf r-cross t-intersecting families in verschiedenen Situationen.
description: This thesis is divided into four parts, three out of which investigate the behaviour of the set of minimal Ramsey graphs for a particular graph. In the rst part we investigate the phenomena of Ramsey simplicity for random graphs, Gn,p. We show the existence of a threshold value for the number of colours for which a given graph is Ramsey simple and determine various bounds for it. In the second part we de ne and analyse the abundance properties of graphs. We exhibit many in nite classes of graphs which are abundant for a certain number of colours. The third part of the thesis provides an evidence of asymmetric pairs of graphs which are Ramsey equivalent. In the last part of this thesis we determine the maximum sum of the sizes of r-cross t-intersecting families in various settings.
Modellbasierte prädiktive Regelung komplexer gebäudetechnischer Anlagen zur Optimierung der Energieeffizienz und des Komforts
Creators: name: Freund, Svenne
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Modellbasierte Prädiktive Regelung
subject: Gebäudesimulation
subject: Energieeffizienz
subject: Thermischer Komfort
subject: Gebäudeautomation
classificationCode: 620
subject: Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: Der Gebäudesektor ist in Deutschland für etwa ein Viertel der CO₂-Emissionen verantwortlich und die Transformation hin zu einem energieeffizienten Gebäudebestand ist damit ein wesentlicher Baustein für den Klimaschutz. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Modellbasierte prädiktive Regelungsstrategie entwickelt und in einem Bürogebäude implementiert, mit dem Ziel, die Energieeffizienz und den thermischen Komfort des Gebäudes zu optimieren. Die messtechnische Auswertung der Regelungsstrategie zeigt, dass im Vergleich zur herkömmlichen Regelungsstrategie 10 bis 30 % Heizenergieeinsparung realisiert werden kann, während gleichzeitig der thermische Komfort verbessert wird.
description: The building sector is responsible for about a quarter of the CO₂ emissions in Germany, and a transformation towards an energy-efficient building stock is an essential keystone for climate protection. In this thesis, a model predictive control strategy is developed and implemented in an office building with the aim of optimizing the energy efficiency and thermal comfort of the building. The metrological evaluation of the control strategy shows that 10 to 30 % heating energy savings can be realized compared to the conventional control strategy, while thermal comfort can be improved at the same time.
Neuroimaging Explanations of Age-Related Differences in Task Performance
Creators: name: Steffener, Jason
name: Barulli, Daniel James
name: Habeck, Christian G.
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurology
subject: Aging
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cognition
subject: Brain--Imaging

description: Advancing age affects both cognitive performance and functional brain activity and interpretation of these effects has led to a variety of conceptual research models without always explicitly linking the two effects. However, to best understand the multifaceted effects of advancing age, age differences in functional brain activity need to be explicitly tied to the cognitive task performance. This work hypothesized that age-related differences in task performance are partially explained by age-related differences in functional brain activity and formally tested these causal relationships. Functional MRI data was from groups of young and old adults engaged in an executive task-switching experiment. Analyses were voxel-wise testing of moderated-mediation and simple mediation statistical path models to determine whether age group, brain activity and their interaction explained task performance in regions demonstrating an effect of age group. Results identified brain regions whose age-related differences in functional brain activity significantly explained age-related differences in task performance. In all identified locations, significant moderated-mediation relationships resulted from increasing brain activity predicting worse (slower) task performance in older but not younger adults. Findings suggest that advancing age links task performance to the level of brain activity. The overall message of this work is that in order to understand the role of functional brain activity on cognitive performance, analysis methods should respect theoretical relationships. Namely, that age affects brain activity and brain activity is related to task performance.
Robust maximization of asymptotic growth under covariance uncertainty
Creators: name: Bayraktar, Erhan
name: Huang, Yu-Jui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper resolves a question proposed in Kardaras and Robertson [Ann. Appl. Probab. 22 (2012) 1576-1610]: how to invest in a robust growth-optimal way in a market where precise knowledge of the covariance structure of the underlying assets is unavailable. Among an appropriate class of admissible covariance structures, we characterize the optimal trading strategy in terms of a generalized version of the principal eigenvalue of a fully nonlinear elliptic operator and its associated eigenfunction, by slightly restricting the collection of nondominated probability measures.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AAP887 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Dipolar Molecules in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Sowiński, Tomasz
name: Dutta, Omjyoti
name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Tagliacozzo, Luca
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the extended Bose--Hubbard model describing an ultracold gas of dipolar molecules in an optical lattice, taking into account all on-site and nearest-neighbor interactions, including occupation-dependent tunneling and pair tunneling terms. Using exact diagonalization and the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz, we show that these terms can destroy insulating phases and lead to novel quantum phases. These considerable changes of the phase diagram have to be taken into account in upcoming experiments with dipolar molecules.
description: 5 figures, 1 supplementary material
Inflation and dark matter in two Higgs doublet models
Creators: name: Gong, Jinn-Ouk
name: Kang, Sin Kyu
name: Lee, Hyun Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Higgs inflation in the extension of the Standard Model with two Higgs doublets coupled to gravity non-minimally. In the presence of an approximate global U(1) symmetry in the Higgs sector, both radial and angular modes of neutral Higgs bosons drive inflation where large non-Gaussianity is possible from appropriate initial conditions on the angular mode. We also discuss the case with single-field inflation for which the U(1) symmetry is broken to a Z_2 subgroup. We show that inflationary constraints, perturbativity and stability conditions restrict the parameter space of the Higgs quartic couplings at low energy in both multi- and single-field cases. Focusing on the inert doublet models where Z_2 symmetry remains unbroken at low energy, we show that the extra neutral Higgs boson can be a dark matter candidate consistent with the inflationary constraints. The doublet dark matter is always heavy in multi-field inflation while it can be light due to the suppression of the co-annihilation in single-field inflation. The implication of the extra quartic couplings on the vacuum stability bound is also discussed in the light of the recent LHC limits on the Higgs mass.
description: (v1) 28 pages, 8 figures; (v2) 29 pages, a new subsection 3.3 added, references added and typos corrected, to appear in Journal of High Energy Physics
Supplementary Material from We predict a riot: inequity, relative deprivation and collective destruction in the laboratory
Creators: name: Dezecache, Guillaume
name: Allen, James M.
name: von Zimmermann, Jorina
name: Richardson, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: All Supplementary Material
The literacy development of Chinese and Persian ESL learners
Creators: name: Hua, Qin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Previous cross-linguistic research has well established that transfer in the literacy development of English-as-the-second-language (ESL) students exists. Less extensive is the research on the effect of diverse first languages (L1) on the specific reading-related cognitive abilities and academic performance in the second language (L2). In the current study, Study Part One investigated English reading and spelling skills of students from different language backgrounds (English, Chinese- and Persian-speaking ESL) in Grade 6 by examining a variety of cognitive skills, and reading and spelling. The results showed similar performance on most of the cognitive tasks, however, the Chinese L1 group performed lower than the English L1 group on the oral syntactic awareness test, and the Persian L1 group performed lower than English L1 group on the written syntactic awareness task. Furthermore, the Chinese L1 group performed at a higher level than Persian L1 group on the two reading comprehension tasks, and no difference was found between English L1 and the two ESL groups. Study Part Two was a retrospective analysis of reading and syntactic skills from Grade1 through Grade 6 across the same groups. Comparable performance was found on the word reading task but not on syntactic awareness task (oral cloze). Specifically, in lower grades (i.e., Grade 1 and 2), both ESL groups performed lower than English L1 group on the syntactic awareness task, whereas heterogeneous performance was found in middle and upper grades (i.e., Grades 3, 4, 5 and 6). The Persian L1 group caught up with English L1 peers in these grades, and the Chinese L1 group showed less efficiency than English and Persian L1 group in Grades 3 and only performed lower than Persian L1 group in Grade 5 and English L1 group in Grade 6. Taken together, these results clearly suggested (1) the weakness in both oral proficiency and syntactic awareness in ESL groups in lower grades; (2) possible L1 influence on linguistic tasks with higher demands in middle and upper grades across ESL groups.
title: A simple calculation algorithm to separate high-resolution CH4 flux measurements into ebullition- and diffusion-derived components
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Mathias
name: Schulz-Hanke, Maximilian
name: Alba, Juana Garcia
name: Jurisch, Nicole
name: Hagemann, Ulrike
name: Sachs, Torsten
name: Sommer, Michael
name: Augustin, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Processes driving the production, transformation and transport of methane (CH4) in wetland ecosystems are highly complex. We present a simple calculation algorithm to separate open-water CH4 fluxes measured with automatic chambers into diffusion- and ebullition-derived components. This helps to reveal underlying dynamics, to identify potential environmental drivers and, thus, to calculate reliable CH4 emission estimates. The flux separation is based on identification of ebullition-related sudden concentration changes during single measurements. Therefore, a variable ebullition filter is applied, using the lower and upper quartile and the interquartile range (IQR). Automation of data processing is achieved by using an established R script, adjusted for the purpose of CH4 flux calculation. The algorithm was validated by performing a laboratory experiment and tested using flux measurement data (July to September 2013) from a former fen grassland site, which converted into a shallow lake as a result of rewetting. Ebullition and diffusion contributed equally (46 and 55 %) to total CH4 emissions, which is comparable to ratios given in the literature. Moreover, the separation algorithm revealed a concealed shift in the diurnal trend of diffusive fluxes throughout the measurement period. The water temperature gradient was identified as one of the major drivers of diffusive CH4 emissions, whereas no significant driver was found in the case of erratic CH4 ebullition events.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 604
Neutrino Masses and Leptogenesis from Extra Fermions
Creators: name: Zhuridov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of the neutrino masses and leptogenesis (LG) in the Standard Model extended by the heavy Majorana fermions is considered. Classification of LG scenarios according to the new fermion mass spectra is given, where singlet-triplet LG is considered for the first time. The upper bound on the CP asymmetry relevant for LG with hierarchical heavy neutrinos (Davidson-Ibarra bound) is revised, and shown that in the case of one massless neutrino it essentially depends on the type of the light neutrino mass hierarchy. The resonant scenarios, which help to avoid the problem of extremely high reheating temperature in the early universe, are discussed. In particular, we present new simplified, generalized and detailed formulation of freed LG, which violates Davidson-Ibarra bound in a special class of models.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure; references, comments and section 3.5 added
title: Samarium hexaboride is a trivial surface conductor
Creators: name: Hlawenka, Peter
name: Siemensmeyer, Konrad
name: Weschke, Eugen
name: Varykhalov, Andrei
name: Sánchez-Barriga, Jaime
name: Shitsevalova, Natalya Y.
name: Dukhnenko, A.V.
name: Filipov, V.B.
name: Gabáni, Slavomir
name: Flachbart, Karol
name: Rader, O.
name: Rienks, Emilie D. L.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik

description: SmB6 is predicted to be the first member of the intersection of topological insulators and Kondo insulators, strongly correlated materials in which the Fermi level lies in the gap of a many-body resonance that forms by hybridization between localized and itinerant states. While robust, surface-only conductivity at low temperature and the observation of surface states at the expected high symmetry points appear to confirm this prediction, we find both surface states at the (100) surface to be topologically trivial. We find the (Gamma) over bar state to appear Rashba split and explain the prominent (X) over bar state by a surface shift of the many-body resonance. We propose that the latter mechanism, which applies to several crystal terminations, can explain the unusual surface conductivity. While additional, as yet unobserved topological surface states cannot be excluded, our results show that a firm connection between the two material classes is still outstanding.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 612
Measurements and Information in Spin Foam Models
Creators: name: Garcia-Islas, J. Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a problem relating measurements and information theory in spin foam models. In the three dimensional case of quantum gravity we can compute probabilities of spin network graphs and study the behaviour of the Shannon entropy associated to the corresponding information. We present a general definition, compute the Shannon entropy of some examples, and find some interesting inequalities.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Improved version
Quantitative structure-activity relationship based virtual screening for novel androgen receptor antagonists
Creators: name: Ren, Xin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Androgen receptor (AR) plays a critical role in prostate cancer development and progression. All current therapeutic AR inhibitors modulate the receptor via direct binding to its Hormone Binding Site (HBS). Despite the identification of other small molecule binding areas on the AR surface including Activation Function 2 (AF2), binding function 3 (BF3), and N-terminal domain (NTD), HBS continues to be the major target site for AR antagonists (even though this site is prone to resistant mutations). Thus, there is a high need for the identification and development of novel antagonists targeting HBS of the AR. In this study, an effective QSAR modeling pipeline was set up and proved to be capable of identifying new AR antagonists from a large ZINC collection of purchasable chemicals. In particular, we have utilized DRAGON, INDUCTIVE and MOE descriptors to create various binary QSAR models of anti-AR activity. When we have applied the developed QSAR solutions to screen more than 2 million chemicals from the ZINC database, we were able to identify 39 potential candidate AR HBS binders. When they were tested in the DHT displacement assay, 9 chemicals demonstrated the corresponding IC₅₀ values in efficient low-micromole range. Of those, 9 compounds later exhibited ability to inhibit AR in the eGFP transcriptional assay with the IC₅₀ values established at 1.04-16.18 μM level. Notably, 6 discovered chemicals demonstrated concentration-dependent suppression of survival of LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines. The results of this study set a ground for the development of an entire novel chemical class of AR antagonists that are distinct for the currently marketed drugs such as Nitalutamide, Flutomide, Cassodex, and MDV3100 that all share significant structural similarity.
Neurologic and Neuropsychological Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Intravenous Drug Users without Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Relationship to Head Injury
Creators: name: Marder, Karen
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Malouf, Renee
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Bell, Karen L.
name: Dooneief, George
name: El-Sadr, Wafaa Mahmoud
name: Goldstein, Scott
name: Gorman, Jack M.
name: Richards, Marcus
name: Sano, Mary
name: Sorrell, Stephan
name: Todak, George
name: Williams, Janet B. W.
name: Ehrhardt, Anke A.
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Neurology
HIV infections
Intravenous drug abusers
Neuropsychology
Head--Wounds and injuries--Complications

description: We examined 99 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—negative and 122 HIV-positive intravenous drug users (IVDUs) without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to determine whether HIV-positive IVDUs had more neurologic and neuropsychological impairment than their HIV-negative counterparts. Controlling for age, education, drug use, history of head injury, and interactions between head injury and HIV status and drug use, HIV-positive subjects had more extrapyramidal signs and frontal release signs. These findings persisted when asymptomatic HIV-positive subjects without systemic signs of infection and HIV-negative subjects were compared. Neurologic findings were more severe in those with more systemic illness. Among those reporting a history of head injury with loss of consciousness, neuropsychological performance was significantly worse in the HIV-positive subjects, and this increased with severity of illness. This was not true in the group without head injury, suggesting an interaction between history of head injury and the seropositive state. No relationship was noted between head injury and either drug use or HIV state. Therefore, subtle neurologic and neuropsychological abnormalities may precede clinical evidence of AIDS in IVDUs and may be more evident in those with head injury.
Ultra-high Resolution Spectroscopy with atomic or molecular Dark Resonances: Exact steady-state lineshapes and asymptotic profiles in the adiabatic pulsed regime
Creators: name: Zanon, Thomas
name: de Clercq, Emeric
name: Arimondo, Ennio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact and asymptotic lineshape expressions are derived from the semi-classical density matrix representation describing a set of closed three-level atomic or molecular states including decoherences, relaxation rates and light-shifts. An accurate analysis of the exact steady-state Dark Resonance profile describing the Autler-Townes doublet, the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency or Coherent Population Trapping resonance and the Fano-Feshbach lineshape, leads to the linewidth expression of the two-photon Raman transition and frequency-shifts associated to the clock transition. From an adiabatic analysis of the dynamical Optical Bloch Equations in the weak field limit, a pumping time required to efficiently trap a large number of atoms into a coherent superposition of long-lived states is established. For a highly asymmetrical configuration with different decay channels, a strong two-photon resonance based on a lower states population inversion is established when the driving continuous-wave laser fields are greatly unbalanced. When time separated resonant two-photon pulses are applied in the adiabatic pulsed regime for atomic or molecular clock engineering, where the first pulse is long enough to reach a coherent steady-state preparation and the second pulse is very short to avoid repumping into a new dark state, Dark Resonance fringes mixing continuous-wave lineshape properties and coherent Ramsey oscillations are created. Those fringes allow interrogation schemes bypassing the power broadening effect. Frequency-shifts affecting the central clock fringe computed from asymptotic profiles and related to Raman decoherence process, exhibit non-linear shapes with the three-level observable used for quantum measurement. We point out that different observables experience different shifts on the lower-state clock transition.
description: accepted for publication in PRA
Blueprint of Ground Floor Plan and Entrance of Unit J in a Shopping Center in Stony Brook, L.I.
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the ground floor and entrance plans of "Unit J" in a shopping center located in Stony Brook L.I., built by D. T. Bayles & Son. The architect for the project was Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York.
Anthomyiidae Meade 1875
Creators: name: Gomes, Roberto Pereira
name: Fogaça, João Manuel
name: Bortolanza, Mariza
name: Pereira, Adriana Couto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Anthomyiidae

description: Key to genera of Anthomyiidae from Palmas (Paraná) 1 Prosternum ciliated; lower calypter larger than upper calypter; hind tibia with 1 seta on posterodorsal surface...... Calythea Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 (1 sp.) — Prosternum bare; calypteres variable in size; hind tibia with 1–5 setae on posterodorsal surface......... 2 2 Arista with long hairs; hind tibia on posterodorsal surface with 1 seta; scutellum bare ventrally; vein A 1 +CuA 2 not reaching wing margin...................................................... Coenosopsia Malloch, 1924 (2 spp.) — Arista variable; hind tibia on posterodorsal surface with 2–5 setae; scutellum ciliated ventrally; vein A 1 +CuA 2 reaching wing margin............................. 3 3 Vein C bare on ventral surface................................ 4 — Vein C ciliated on ventral surface (Fig. 3).............. 5 4 Head enlarged in lateral view, parafacial and gena much wider than comparatively small postpedicel (2× longer than pedicel length).............................................. Leucophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (1 sp.) — Head not enlarged in lateral view, parafacial and gena similar to postpedicel width (3× longer than pedicel length)......... Delia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (1 sp.) 5 Wing with spot........................................................ 6 — Wing without spot....................................................................................... Emmesomyia Stein, 1918 (2 spp.) 6 Frontal vitta with pair of interfrontal setae................................................. Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 (4 spp.) — Frontal vitta without interfrontal setae...................................... Pegomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (2 spp.)
description: Published as part of Gomes, Roberto Pereira, Fogaça, João Manuel, Bortolanza, Mariza & Pereira, Adriana Couto, 2019, New records of the Brazilian Anthomyiidae (Diptera) and a checklist of species from Palmas Grasslands Wildlife Refuge, pp. 93-103 in Check List 15 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.15560/15.1.93
description: {"references": ["Stein P (1918) Zur weitern Kenntnis aussereuropaischer Anthomyiden. Annales Historico- Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 16: 147 - 244."]}
Risk of Dementia in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders
Creators: name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
name: Sano, Mary
name: Chen, Jenn
name: Tatemichi, Thomas
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Neurology
Dementia
Alzheimer's disease--Patients
Medicine

description: First-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are at greater risk for dementia when compared with the relatives of their healthy peers, but not when compared with the relatives of patients with Parkinson's disease. This may indicate that the risk of dementia in these relatives is not specific to AD or that these studies are biased. We obtained a family history and vital status information on each first-degree relative of patients attending a clinic and in a group of recruited healthy elderly subjects. Patients formed two groups: probable AD and other forms of dementia or cognitive disorders without dementia. The odds of dementia in first-degree relatives did not differ between patient groups. The odds of dementia in relatives of patients with probable AD or other forms of dementia was six times that in the relatives of the healthy elderly subjects. The cumulative incidence of dementia increased with age in the first-degree relatives of all subjects. Approximately 50% of the first-degree relatives of patients with AD were demented by age 91 years, but almost the same number of the other patient group's relatives were demented as well. That figure was never reached in the healthy elderly subject's relatives. Because the risk of dementia in first-degree relatives of patients with AD was similar to that for patients with other disorders, we cannot exclude the possibility that this is the result of selection and information biases. Our investigation implies that the increased risk of dementia may not be specific to relatives of patients with AD; the risk may also be increased in first-degree relatives of patients with other neurologic disorders.
Zitterbewegung as purely classical phenomenon
Creators: name: Tarakanov, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonrelativistic formalism is developed, which allows describing systems with internal degrees of freedom in the scalar potential field $U$, which is a function both on relative coordinates and time, and on relative speed and accelerations. The equation for energy, which is an integral of motion when $U$ satisfies to certain differential condition, is derived for the general case. For a free mass point all solutions of the equations of motion in the center-of-inertia reference frame, moving with constant velocity, are found. As a result, the center of mass follows along helical and more complicated trajectories round a direction of motion of the center of inertia. This motion can be interpreted as trembling movement (Zitterbewegung). On this basis a conclusion is done that Zitterbewegung has purely classical origin, arising even in a nonrelativistic case if internal degrees of freedom are taken into account. The general equation of motion for a spin which can be interpreted from positions of a classical mechanics is written down. Application of the obtained results to the electron leads to new conception of electric charge, sign of which corresponds to a sign of spin polarization.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Neural Networks Associated with the Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff: Evidence from the Response Signal Method
Creators: name: Blumen, Helena M.
name: Gazes, Yunglin
name: Habeck, Christian G.
name: Kumar, Arjun
name: Steffener, Jason
name: Rakitin, Brian C.
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Neurology
subject: Neural networks (Neurobiology)
subject: Brain--Imaging
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This functional neuroimaging (fMRI) study examined the neural networks (spatial patterns of covarying neural activity) associated with the speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) in younger adults. The response signal method was used to systematically increase probe duration (125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 ms) in a nonverbal delayed-item recognition task. A covariance-based multivariate approach identified three networks that varied with probe duration--indicating that the SAT is driven by three distributed neural networks.
Development of a system for fast identification and characterization of biological cells
Creators: name: Silva Teixeira, Viviane
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
subject: Bio Impedance Spectroscopy
subject: metastatic cancer
subject: spectral response
subject: cell surface charge
subject: cell chare
classificationCode: 610
subject: Medicine, Health

description: Bio Impedance Spectroscopy (BIS) is the application of a signal with varying frequency to a biological material and measuring its frequency response. This research explores BIS to distinguish cancer and healthy cells and tissues, and also metastatic from non-metastatic cancers. The first important finding is one physical characteristic that distinguishes metastatic from non-metastatic cancer cells: the cell surface charge. For all researched cancer groups the cell surface charge per area was found to be smaller for more metastatic cancers than for less metastatic ones. Another finding was that cancer tissues in general have a lower impedance magnitude than healthy ones. An important conclusion is that healthy and cancer tissues and cells show a different spectral behavior, which is close correlated to the effects of the cancer in the healthy cells and tissues.
description: Bei der Bioimpedanzspektroskopie (BIS) wird ein Signal mit unterschiedlicher Frequenz an ein biologisches Material angelegt und dessen Reaktion gemessen. In dieser Forschungsarbeit wird die BIS zur Unterscheidung von Krebs und gesunden Zellen und Geweben sowie von metastasierendem und nicht-metastasierendem Krebs eingesetzt. Die erste wichtige Erkenntnis ist ein physikalisches Merkmal, das metastasierende von nicht-metastasierenden Krebszellen unterscheidet: die Zelloberflächenladung. Ein weiteres Ergebnis war, dass Krebsgewebe im Allgemeinen eine geringere Impedanz aufweist als gesundes Gewebe. Eine wichtige Schlussfolgerung ist, dass gesunde und Krebsgewebe und -zellen ein unterschiedliches spektrales Verhalten aufweisen, das eng mit den Auswirkungen des Krebses auf die gesunden Zellen und Gewebe korreliert ist.
Home Health and Informal Care Utilization and Costs over Time in Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Zhu, Carolyn W.
name: Torgan, Rebecca L.
name: Scarmeas, Nikolaos
name: Albert, Marilyn
name: Brandt, Jason
name: Blacker, Deborah
name: Sano, Mary
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Neurology
Alzheimer's disease--Patients--Care
Home care services--Costs
Dementia
Alzheimer's disease--Patients--Home care

description: OBJECTIVES: To (1) compare home health and informal (unpaid) services utilization among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), (2) examine longitudinal changes in services use, and (3) estimate possible interdependence of home health and informal care utilization. METHODS: The sample is drawn from the Predictors Study, a large, multicenter cohort of patients with probable AD, prospectively followed annually for up to 7 years in three university-based AD centers. Bivariate probit models estimated the effects of patient characteristics on home health and informal care utilization. RESULTS: A large majority of the patients (80.6%) received informal care with a smaller proportion (18.6%) receiving home health services. Home health services utilization increased from 9.9% at baseline to 34.5% in year 4. Among users, number of days that services were provided in three-month recall increased from 21.9 to 56 days over time. Home health services utilization was significantly associated with function, depressive symptoms, being female, and not living with a spouse. Informal care utilization was significantly associated with cognition, function, comorbidities, and living with a spouse or child. CONCLUSIONS: Home health and informal care utilization relate differently to patient characteristics. Utilization of home health care or informal care was not influenced by utilization of the other.
Datenbasierte Modellierung der aerodynamischen Lasten auf Überwasserschiffe
Creators: name: Pache, Rupert
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 620
subject: Engineering and Applied Operations

description: Die aerodynamischen Lasten auf Überwasserschiffe werden von unterschiedlichen Umwelt- und Betriebsparametern beeinflusst. Um die Lasten in Abhängigkeit der Systemparameter an Bord in nahezu-Echtzeit bestimmen zu können, werden Ersatzmodelle entwickelt. Als Datengrundlage dienen hochaufgelöste Druckfelder basierend auf hybriden RANS/LES-Simulationen. Für die Datenbasis wird eine Dimensionsreduktion durchgeführt. Um ein vollständig parametrisiertes Modell zu erstellen, wird der funktionale Zusammenhang zwischen den Systemparametern und den Modellkoeffizienten durch eine Regression abgebildet. Die Surrogate-Modellierung ermöglicht die effiziente Vorhersage des Druckfeldes und der Lasten für beliebige Werte der Systemparameter.
description: The aerodynamic loads on the superstrucure of ships are influenced by different environmental and operational parameters. In order to determine the loads depending on the system parameters on board in near-real time, data-based surrogate models are developed. High-resolution pressure fields based on hybrid RANS/LES simulations are used as data basis. For the data basis a dimension reduction is performed. To create a fully parametrized model, the functional relationship between the system parameters and the model coefficients is represented by a regression. The surrogate modelling allows an efficient and accurate prediction of the pressure fields and resulting loads for arbitrary values of the system parameters.
Holographic dilepton production in a thermalizing plasma
Creators: name: Baier, Rudolf
name: Stricker, Stefan A.
name: Taanila, Olli
name: Vuorinen, Aleksi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the out-of-equilibrium production rate of dileptons at rest in strongly coupled N=4 Super Yang-Mills plasma using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Thermalization is achieved via the gravitational collapse of a thin shell of matter in AdS_5 space and the subsequent formation of a black hole, which we describe in a quasistatic approximation. Prior to thermalization, the dilepton spectral function is observed to oscillate as a function of frequency, but the amplitude of the oscillations decreases when thermal equilibrium is approached. At the same time, we follow the flow of the quasinormal spectrum of the corresponding U(1) vector field towards its equilibrium limit.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. v2: Version accepted for publication in JHEP; minor modifications, added references
On peakons and Q-balls in the baby Skyrme model
Creators: name: Lis, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35C08

description: In this paper we investigate the Q-ball Ansatz in the baby Skyrme model. First, the appearance of peakons, i.e. solutions with extremely large absolute values of the second derivative at maxima, is analyzed. It is argued that such solutions are intrinsic to the baby Skyrme model and do not depend on the detailed form of a potential used in calculations. Next, we concentrate on compact non spinning Q-balls. We show the failure of a small parameter expansion in this case. Finally, we explore the existence and parameter dependence of Q-ball solutions.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Critical condition of the water-retention model
Creators: name: Baek, Seung Ki
name: Kim, Beom Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how much water can be retained without leaking through boundaries when each unit square of a two-dimensional lattice is randomly assigned a block of unit bottom area but with different heights from zero to $n-1$. As more blocks are put into the system, there exists a phase transition beyond which the system retains a macroscopic volume of water. We locate the critical points and verify that the criticality belongs to the two-dimensional percolation universality class. If the height distribution can be approximated as continuous for large $n$, the system is always close to a critical point and the fraction of the area below the resulting water level is given by the percolation threshold. This provides a universal upper bound of areas that can be covered by water in a random landscape.
description: 5 pages; 8 figures