cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing Spallation Processes With Beryllium and Boron
Creators: name: Fields, Brian D.
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Vangioni-Flam, Elisabeth
name: Casse, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleosynthesis of Be and B by spallation processes provides unique insight into the origin of cosmic rays. Namely, different spallation schemes predict sharply different trends for the growth of LiBeB abundances with respect to oxygen. ``Primary'' mechanisms predict BeB $\propto$ O, and are well motivated by the data if O/Fe is constant at low metallicity. In contrast, ``secondary'' mechanisms predict BeB $\propto$ O$^2$ and are consistent with the data if O/Fe increases towards low metallicity as some recent data suggest. Clearly, any primary mechanism, if operative, will dominate early in the history of the Galaxy. In this paper, we fit the BeB data to a two-component scheme which includes both primary and secondary trends. In this way, the data can be used to probe the period in which primary mechanisms are effective. We analyze the data using consistent stellar atmospheric parameters based on Balmer line data and the continuum infrared flux. Results depend sensitively on Pop II O abundances and, unfortunately, on the choice of stellar parameters. When using recent results which show O/Fe increasing toward lower metallicity, a two-component Be-O fits indicates that primary and secondary components contribute equally at [O/H]$_{eq}$ = -1.8 for Balmer line data; and [O/H]$_{eq}$ = -1.4 to -1.8 for IRFM. We apply these constraints to recent models for LiBeB origin. The Balmer line data does not show any evidence for primary production. On the other hand, the IRFM data does indicate a preference for a two-component model, such as a combination of standard GCR and metal-enriched particles accelerated in superbubbles. These conclusions rely on a detailed understanding of the abundance data including systematic effects which may alter the derived O-Fe and BeB-Fe relations.
description: 40 pages including 11 ps figures. Written in AASTeX
Seafloor geodetic constraints on interplate coupling of the Nankai Trough megathrust zone
Creators: name: Yokota, Yusuke
name: Ishikawa, Tadashi
name: Watanabe, Shun-ichi
name: Tashiro, Toshiharu
name: Asada, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplate megathrust earthquakes have inflicted catastrophic damage on human society. An extremely hazardous megathrust earthquake is predicted to occur along the Nankai Trough off southwestern Japan, an economically active and densely populated area with historical records of megathrust earthquakes. Megathrust earthquakes are the result of a plate subduction mechanism and occur at interplate slip-deficit (or coupling) regions. Many past studies have attempted to capture slip-deficit rate (SDR) distributions for assessing future earthquake disasters. However, they could not capture a total view of the megathrust earthquake source region because they had no seafloor geodetic data. The Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department of the Japan Coast Guard (JHOD) has been developing a highly precise and sustainable seafloor geodetic observation network deployed in this subduction zone to broadly obtain direct information related to offshore SDR. Here, we present seafloor geodetic observation data and an offshore interplate SDR distribution model. Our data suggests that most offshore regions in this subduction zone have positive SDRs. Specifically, our observations indicate previously unknown high-SDR regions that are important for tsunami disaster mitigation and low-SDR regions that are consistent with distributions of shallow slow earthquakes and subducting seamounts. This is the first direct evidence suggesting that coupling conditions are related to these seismological and geological phenomena. These observations provide new fundamental information for inferring megathrust earthquake scenarios and interpreting research on the Nankai Trough subduction zone.
description: main article 14 pages, methods 10 pages, supplementary tables 23 pages
The Three-Loop Free Energy for High-Temperature QED and QCD with Fermions
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Zhai, Chengxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the free energy density for gauge theories, with fermions, at high temperature and zero chemical potential. Specifically, we analytically compute the free energy through $O(g^4)$, which requires the evaluation of three-loop diagrams. This computation extends our previous result for pure gauge QCD.
description: 26 pages, 9 postscript figures, UW/PT-94-11
Induced Isotensor Interactions in Heavy-Ion Double-Charge-Exchange Reactions and the Role of Initial and Final State Interactions
Creators: name: Lenske, Horst
name: Bellone, Jessica
name: Gambacurta, Danilo
name: Lay, José-Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of initial state (ISI) and final state (FSI) ion-ion interactions in heavy-ion double-charge-exchange (DCE) reactions $A(Z,N)\to A(Z\pm 2,N\mp 2)$ are studied for double single-charge-exchange (DSCE) reactions given by sequential actions of the isovector nucleon-nucleon (NN) T-matrix. In momentum representation, the second-order DSCE reaction amplitude is shown to be given in factorized form by projectile and target nuclear matrix elements and a reaction kernel containing ISI and FSI. Expanding the intermediate propagator in a Taylor series with respect to auxiliary energy allows us to perform the summation in the leading-order term over intermediate nuclear states in closure approximation. %Please ensure meaning has been retained - corrected HL. The nuclear matrix element attains a form given by the products of two-body interactions directly exciting the $n^2p^{-2}$ and $p^2n^{-2}$ DCE transitions in the projectile and the target nucleus, respectively. %Please ensure meaning has been retained - corrected HL. A surprising result is that the intermediate propagation induces correlations between the transition vertices, showing that DSCE reactions are a two-nucleon process that resembles a system of interacting spin-isospin dipoles. Transformation of the DSCE NN T-matrix interactions from the reaction theoretical t-channel form to the s-channel operator structure required for spectroscopic purposes is elaborated in detail, showing that, in general, a rich spectrum of spin scalar, spin vector and higher-rank spin tensor multipole transitions will contribute to a DSCE reaction. Similarities (and differences) to two-neutrino double-beta decay (DBD) are discussed. ISI/FSI distortion and absorption effects are illustrated in black sphere approximation and in an illustrative application to data.
description: 27 pages
Quantizations of the classical time of arrival and their dynamics
Creators: name: Galapon, Eric A.
name: Magadan, John Jaykel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical time of arrival in the interacting case is quantized by way of quantizing its expansion about the free time of arrival. The quantization is formulated in coordinate representation which represents ordering rules in terms of two variable polynomial functions. This leads to representations of the quantized time of arrival operators as integral operators whose kernels are determined by the chosen ordering rule. The formulation lends itself to generalization which allows construction of time of arrival operators that cannot be obtained by direct quantization using particular ordering rules. Wey, symmetric and Born-Jordan quantizations are specifically studied. The dynamics of the eigenfunctions of the different time of arrival operators are investigated. The eigenfunctions exhibit unitary arrival at the intended arrival point at their respective eigenvalues.
Supplementary document for Robust light beam diffractive shaping based on a kind of compact all-optical neural network - 5091774.pdf
Creators: name: Shi, Jiashuo
name: Wei, Dong
name: hu, chai
name: Chen, Mingce
name: Liu, Kewei
name: Luo, Jun
name: Xinyu, Zhang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: details of the fabrication for GS-based phase plate
Greedy trees have minimum Sombor indices
Creators: name: Damnjanović, Ivan
name: Stevanović, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C35, 05C09, 05C05, 05C07

description: Recently, Gutman [MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 86 (2021) 11-16] defined a new graph invariant which is named the Sombor index $\mathrm{SO}(G)$ of a graph $G$ and is computed via the expression \[
 \mathrm{SO}(G) = \sum_{u \sim v} \sqrt{\mathrm{deg}(u)^2 + \mathrm{deg}(v)^2} , \] where $\mathrm{deg}(u)$ represents the degree of the vertex $u$ in $G$ and the summing is performed across all the unordered pairs of adjacent vertices $u$ and $v$. Here we take into consideration the set of all the trees $\mathcal{T}_D$ that have a specified degree sequence $D$ and show that the greedy tree attains the minimum Sombor index on the set $\mathcal{T}_D$.
Additional file 1 of Delivery decision in pregnant women rescued by ECMO for severe ARDS: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Creators: name: Aissi James, Sarah
name: Guervilly, Christophe
name: Lesouhaitier, Mathieu
name: Coppens, Alexandre
name: Haddadi, Clément
name: Lebreton, Guillaume
name: Nizard, Jacky
name: Brechot, Nicolas
name: Assouline, Benjamin
name: Saura, Ouriel
name: Levy, David
name: Lefèvre, Lucie
name: Barhoum, Pétra
name: Chommeloux, Juliette
name: Hékimian, Guillaume
name: Luyt, Charles-Edouard
name: Kimmoun, Antoine
name: Combes, Alain
name: Schmidt, Matthieu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Study flowchart. ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; VV, veno venous; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome.
MOESM1 of High level of drug resistance by gram-negative bacteria from selected sewage polluted urban rivers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Teshome Belachew
name: Amete Mihret
name: Tesfaye Legesse
name: Yihenew Million
name: Kassu Desta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacterial Isolates from river water, June, 2017, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. This table shows the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of some gram negative bacterial species isolated from river waters. This table should be put just after TableÂ 2 (see above the â Discussionâ ).
Controlling fracture cascades through twisting and quenching
Creators: name: Heisser, Ronald H.
name: Patil, Vishal P.
name: Stoop, Norbert
name: Dunkel, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fracture limits the structural stability of macroscopic and microscopic materials, from beams and bones to microtubules and nanotubes. Despite recent progress, fracture control continues to present profound practical and theoretical challenges. A famous longstanding problem posed by Feynman asks why brittle elastic rods appear almost always to fragment into at least three pieces when placed under large bending stresses. Feynman's observation raises fundamental questions about the existence of protocols that can robustly induce binary fracture in brittle materials. Using experiments, simulations and analytical scaling arguments, we demonstrate controlled binary fracture of brittle elastic rods for two distinct protocols based on twisting and nonadiabatic quenching. Our experimental data for twist-controlled fracture agree quantitatively with a theoretically predicted phase diagram. Furthermore, we establish novel asymptotic scaling relations for quenched fracture. Due to their general character, these results are expected to apply to torsional and kinetic fracture processes in a wide range of systems.
description: SI & Movies available on request
THE PROCESS $e^+ e^- \rightarrow l \bar l q \bar q$ AT LEP AND NLC
Creators: name: Bardin, Dima
name: Leike, Arnd
name: Riemann, Tord
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross sections for the reaction $e^+ e^- \rightarrow l \bar l q \bar q $ and for similar four fermion production processes at LEP~1, LEP~2 and the NLC are calculated. Due to the extraordinary symmetry properties of the process, very compact analytical formulae describe the double differential distributions in the invariant masses of the $l \bar l$ and $q \bar{q}$ pairs. The total cross sections may be obtained with two numerical integrations.
description: 10 pages (LaTeX), 1 table, 4 figures (not included, a uuencoded file containing the LaTeX and all postscript files is available via anonymous ftp from convex.ifh.de as /pub/preprint/desy94-185.uu), DESY 94-185
The CCAP for graph products of operator algebras
Creators: name: Borst, Matthijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L09, 46L10

description: For a simple graph $Γ$ and for unital $C^*$-algebras with GNS-faithful states $(\mathbf{A}_v,φ_v)$ for $v\in VΓ$, we consider the reduced graph product $(\mathcal{A},φ)=*_{v,Γ}(\mathbf{A}_{v},φ_v)$ , and show that if every $C^*$-algebra $\mathbf{A}_{v}$ has the completely contractive approximation property (CCAP) and satisfies some additional condition, then the graph product has the CCAP as well. The additional condition imposed is satisfied in natural cases, for example for the reduced group $C^*$-algebra of a discrete group $G$ that possesses the CCAP.
 Our result is an extension of the result of Ricard and Xu in [Proposition 4.11, 25] where they prove this result under the same conditions for free products. Moreover, our result also extends the result of Reckwerdt in [Theorem 5.5, 24], where he proved for groups that weak amenability with Cowling-Haagerup constant $1$ is preserved under graph products. Our result further covers many new cases coming from Hecke-algebras and discrete quantum groups.
description: Updated to the Journal version
Additional file 2: of sRNAPipe: a Galaxy-based pipeline for bioinformatic in-depth exploration of small RNAseq data
Creators: name: Pogorelcnik, Romain
name: Vaury, Chantal
name: Pouchin, Pierre
name: Jensen, Silke
name: Brasset, Emilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: sRNAPipe User Manual. User manual with extensive details and a step by step approach to easily use sRNAPipe. (DOCX 2730Â kb)
Warm FIRE: Simulating Galaxy Formation with Resonant Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter
Creators: name: Bozek, Brandon
name: Fitts, Alex
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Garrison-Kimmel, Shea
name: Abazajian, Kevork
name: Bullock, James S.
name: Keres, Dusan
name: Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Feldmann, Robert
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of a warm dark matter (WDM) cosmology on dwarf galaxy formation through a suite of cosmological hydrodynamical zoom-in simulations of $M_{\rm halo} \approx10^{10}\,M_{\odot}$ dark matter halos as part of the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE) project. A main focus of this paper is to evaluate the combined effects of dark matter physics and stellar feedback on the well-known small-scale issues found in cold dark matter (CDM) models. We find that the $z=0$ stellar mass of a galaxy is strongly correlated with the central density of its host dark matter halo at the time of formation, $z_{\rm f}$, in both CDM and WDM models. WDM halos follow the same $M_{\star}(z=0)-V_{\rm max}(z_{\rm f})$ relation as in CDM, but they form later, are less centrally dense, and therefore contain galaxies that are less massive than their CDM counterparts. As a result, the impact of baryonic effects on the central gravitational potential is typically diminished relative to CDM. However, the combination of delayed formation in WDM and energy input from stellar feedback results in dark matter profiles with lower overall densities. The WDM galaxies studied here have a wider diversity of star formation histories (SFHs) than the same systems simulated in CDM, and the two lowest $M_{\star}$ WDM galaxies form all of their stars at late times. The discovery of young ultra-faint dwarf galaxies with no ancient star formation -- which do not exist in our CDM simulations -- would therefore provide evidence in support of WDM.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; submitted to MNRAS
Unconstrained quantitative magnetization transfer imaging: disentangling T1 of the free and semi-solid spin pools
Creators: name: Assländer, Jakob
name: Mao, Andrew
name: Marchetto, Elisa
name: Beck, Erin S
name: La Rosa, Francesco
name: Charlson, Robert W
name: Shepherd, Timothy M
name: Flassbeck, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the inception of magnetization transfer (MT) imaging, it has been widely assumed that Henkelman's two spin pools have similar longitudinal relaxation times, which motivated many researchers to constrain them to each other. However, several recent publications reported a $T_1^s$ of the semi-solid spin pool that is much shorter than $T_1^f$ of the free pool. While these studies tailored experiments for robust proofs-of-concept, we here aim to quantify the disentangled relaxation processes on a voxel-by-voxel basis in a clinical imaging setting, i.e., with an effective resolution of 1.24mm isotropic and full brain coverage in 12min. To this end, we optimized a hybrid-state pulse sequence for mapping the parameters of an unconstrained MT model. We scanned four people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and four healthy controls with this pulse sequence and estimated $T_1^f \approx 1.84$s and $T_1^s \approx 0.34$s in healthy white matter. Our results confirm the reports that $T_1^s \ll T_1^f$ and we argue that this finding identifies MT as an inherent driver of longitudinal relaxation in brain tissue. Moreover, we estimated a fractional size of the semi-solid spin pool of $m_0^s \approx 0.212$, which is larger than previously assumed. An analysis of $T_1^f$ in normal-appearing white matter revealed statistically significant differences between individuals with MS and controls.
ASCA observations of two SNRs and NEI analysis
Creators: name: Sun, Ming
name: Wang, Zhenru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the data from the \asca observation of SNRs Kes79 and W49B, we present here the analysis of their X-ray spectra and morphologies. The Kes79 spectrum can be well fitted by a single NEI component, and the narrow-band images of that source show an inhomogeneous distribution of heavy elements. The heavy elements are richest in the positions S, SE and SW of Kes79, where there may exist interaction between shocks and molecular clouds implied by radio observations. For W49B we present here the non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) analysis based on its emission line diagnostics, and the spectral fit using two NEI components. The reverse shock in W49B may be still hot and we don't find evidence for a hotter blast wave in \asca spectra.
description: Contributed talk in 32nd COSPAR E1.1, 1998, Nagoya. To appear in Adv. Space Res., 1999, 6 pages, LaTeX
On the running and the UV limit of Wilsonian renormalization group flows
Creators: name: Laszlo, Andras
name: Tarcsay, Zsigmond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T08 (Primary), 81T16, 81T17, 81T20, 81T27 (Secondary)

description: In nonperturbative formulation of quantum field theory (QFT), the vacuum state is characterized by the Wilsonian renormalization group (RG) flow of Feynman type field correlators. Such a flow is a parametric family of ultraviolet (UV) regularized field correlators, the parameter being the strength of the UV regularization, and the instances with different strength of UV regularizations are linked by the renormalization group equation (RGE). Important RG flows are those which reach out to any UV regularization strengths. In this paper it is shown that for these flows a natural, mathematically rigorous generally covariant definition can be given, and that they form a topological vector space which is Hausdorff, locally convex, complete, nuclear, semi-Montel, Schwartz. That is, they form a generalized function space having favorable properties, similar to multivariate distributions. The other theorem proved in the paper is that for Wilsonian RG flows reaching out to all UV regularization strengths, a simple factorization formula holds in case of bosonic fields over flat (affine) spacetime: the flow always originates from a regularization-independent distributional correlator, and its running satisfies an algebraic ansatz. The conjecture is that this factorization theorem should generically hold, which is worth future investigations.
description: v4: final published version, 15pages + 4 page appendix
Additional file 1 of Assuring Bangladesh’s future: non-communicable disease risk factors among the adolescents and the existing policy responses
Creators: name: Biswas, Tuhin
name: Azzopardi, Peter
name: Anwar, Syeda Novera
name: de Vries, Tim David
name: Encarnacion-Cruz, Luis Manuel
name: Hasan, Md. Mehedi
name: Huda, M. Mamun
name: Pervin, Sonia
name: Das Gupta, Rajat
name: Mitra, Dipak Kumar
name: Rawal, Lal B.
name: Al Mamun, Abdullah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Measurement of NCD risk factors (insufficient physical activity, alcohol consumption, any form of tobacco, sedentary behavior, insufficient fruits and vegetables consumption, overweight/obesity and psychological distress).
Additional file 2 of Qualitative assessment of the intention of Chinese community health workers to implement advance care planning using theory of planned behavior
Creators: name: Xing, Bingyu
name: Liang, Guanmian
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Zhang, Jinsheng
name: Jiang, Zhizhi
name: Miao, Qunfang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Interview guide.
The X-ray Line Emission from the Supernova Remnant W49B
Creators: name: Hwang, Una
name: Petre, Robert
name: Hughes, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic supernova remnant W49B has one of the most impressive X-ray emission line spectra obtained with the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astronomy (ASCA). We use both plasma line diagnostics and broadband model fits to show that the Si and S emission lines require multiple spectral components. The spectral data do not necessarily require individual elements to be spatially stratified, as suggested by earlier work, although when ASCA line images are considered, it is possible that Fe is stratified with respect to Si and S. Most of the X-ray emitting gas is from ejecta, based on the element abundances required, but is surprisingly close to being in collisional ionization equilibrium. A high ionization age implies a high internal density in a young remnant. The fitted emission measure for W49B indicates a minimum density of 2 cm^-3, with the true density likely to be significantly higher. W49B probably had a Type Ia progenitor, based on the relative element abundances, although a low-mass Type II progenitor is still possible. We find persuasive evidence for Cr and possibly Mn emission in the ASCA spectrum--the first detection of these elements in X-rays from a cosmic source.
description: 22 pages incl 8 postscript figures, to appear in ApJ
Inverse problem regularization with hierarchical variational autoencoders
Creators: name: Prost, Jean
name: Houdard, Antoine
name: Almansa, Andrés
name: Papadakis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose to regularize ill-posed inverse problems using a deep hierarchical variational autoencoder (HVAE) as an image prior. The proposed method synthesizes the advantages of i) denoiser-based Plug \& Play approaches and ii) generative model based approaches to inverse problems. First, we exploit VAE properties to design an efficient algorithm that benefits from convergence guarantees of Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods. Second, our approach is not restricted to specialized datasets and the proposed PnP-HVAE model is able to solve image restoration problems on natural images of any size. Our experiments show that the proposed PnP-HVAE method is competitive with both SOTA denoiser-based PnP approaches, and other SOTA restoration methods based on generative models.
Deconfinement and Chiral-Symmetry Restoration in Finite Temperature QCD
Creators: name: Dominguez, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QCD sum rules are based on the Operator Product Expansion of current correlators, and on QCD-hadron duality. An extension of this program to finite temperature is discussed. This allows for a study of deconfinement and chiral-symmetry restoration. In addition, it is possible to relate certain hadronic matrix elements to expectation values of quark and gluon field operators by using thermal Finite Energy Sum Rules. In this way one can determine the temperature behaviour of hadron masses and couplings, as well as form factors. An attempt is made to clarify some misconceptions in the existing literature on QCD sum rules at finite temperature.
description: Invited talk at CAM-94, Cancun, Mexico, September 1994. 21 pages and 8 figures (not included). LATEX file. UCT-TP-218/94
Advanced Diagnostics for the Study of Linearly Polarized Emission. II: Application to Diffuse Interstellar Radio Synchrotron Emission
Creators: name: Herron, C. A.
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: Kesteven, M.
name: Poppi, S.
name: Staveley-Smith, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diagnostics of polarized emission provide us with valuable information on the Galactic magnetic field and the state of turbulence in the interstellar medium, which cannot be obtained from synchrotron intensity alone. In Paper I (Herron et al. 2017b), we derived polarization diagnostics that are rotationally and translationally invariant in the $Q$-$U$ plane, similar to the polarization gradient. In this paper, we apply these diagnostics to simulations of ideal magnetohydrodynamic turbulence that have a range of sonic and Alfvénic Mach numbers. We generate synthetic images of Stokes $Q$ and $U$ for these simulations, for the cases where the turbulence is illuminated from behind by uniform polarized emission, and where the polarized emission originates from within the turbulent volume. From these simulated images we calculate the polarization diagnostics derived in Paper I, for different lines of sight relative to the mean magnetic field, and for a range of frequencies. For all of our simulations, we find that the polarization gradient is very similar to the generalized polarization gradient, and that both trace spatial variations in the magnetoionic medium for the case where emission originates within the turbulent volume, provided that the medium is not supersonic. We propose a method for distinguishing the cases of emission coming from behind or within a turbulent, Faraday rotating medium, and a method to partly map the rotation measure of the observed region. We also speculate on statistics of these diagnostics that may allow us to constrain the physical properties of an observed turbulent region.
description: 34 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A Collective Neurodynamic Approach to Survivable Virtual Network Embedding
Creators: name: Shahin, Ashraf A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network virtualization has attracted significant amount of attention in the last few years as one of the key features of cloud computing. Network virtualization allows multiple virtual networks to share physical resources of single substrate network. However, sharing substrate network resources increases impact of single substrate resource failure. One of the commonly applied mechanisms to protect against such failures is provisioning redundant substrate resources for each virtual network to be used to recover affected virtual resources. However, redundant resources decreases cloud revenue by increasing virtual network embedding cost. In this paper, a collective neurodynamic approach has been proposed to reduce amount of provisioned redundant resources and reduce cost of embedding virtual networks. The proposed approach has been evaluated by using simulation and compared against some existing survivable virtual network embedding techniques.
Discovery of a new classical nova shell around a nova-like cataclysmic variable
Creators: name: Guerrero, Martin A.
name: Sabin, Laurence
name: Tovmassian, Gagik
name: Santamaria, Edgar
name: Michel, Raul
name: Ramos-Larios, Gerardo
name: Alarie, Alexandre
name: Morisset, Christophe
name: Bustamante, Luis C. Bermudez
name: Gonzalez, Chantal P.
name: Wright, Nick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The morphology and optical spectrum of IPHASXJ210205+471015, a nebula classified as a possible planetary nebula, are however strikingly similar to those of ATCnc, a classical nova shell around a dwarf nova. To investigate its true nature, we have obtained high-resolution narrow-band [O III] and [N II] images and deep GTC OSIRIS optical spectra. The nebula shows an arc of [N II]-bright knots notably enriched in nitrogen, whilst an [O III]-bright bow-shock is progressing throughout the ISM. Diagnostic line ratios indicate that shocks are associated with the arc and bow-shock. The central star of this nebula has been identified by its photometric variability. Time-resolved photometric and spectroscopic data of this source reveal a period of 4.26 hours, which is attributed to a binary system. The optical spectrum is notably similar to that of RWSex, a cataclysmic variable star (CV) of the UXUMa nova-like (NL) type. Based on these results, we propose that IPHASX J210205+471015 is a classical nova shell observed around a CV-NL system in quiescence.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal: 3 tables, 12 figures
Bounds on Anomalous Gauge Boson Couplings From Partial Z Widths at LEP
Creators: name: Dawson, S.
name: Valencia, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We place bounds on anomalous gauge boson couplings from LEP data with particular emphasis on those couplings which do not contribute to $Z$ decays at tree level. We use an effective field theory formalism to compute the one-loop corrections to the $Z\rightarrow {\overline f} f$ decay widths resulting from non-standard model three and four gauge boson vertices. We find that the precise measurements at LEP constrain the three gauge boson couplings at a level comparable to that obtainable at LEPII and LHC.
description: LATEX, 22 pages, 5 figures (appended as uuencoded compressed tar file), BNL-60949
An Analysis of Stochastic Jovian Oscillation Excitation by Moist Convection
Creators: name: Dederick, Ethan
name: Jackiewicz, Jason
name: Guillot, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of Jupiter have suggested the existence of global oscillatory modes at millihertz frequencies, yet the source mechanism responsible for driving these modes is still unknown. However, the energies necessary to produce observable surface oscillations have been predicted. Here we investigate if moist convection in Jupiter's upper atmosphere can be responsible for driving the global oscillations and what moist convective energy requirements are necessary to achieve these theoretical mode energies and surface amplitudes. We begin by creating a one-dimensional moist convective cloud model and find that the available kinetic energy of the rising cloud column falls below theoretical estimates of oscillations energies. That is, mode excitation cannot occur with a single storm eruption. We then explore stochastic excitation scenarios of the oscillations by moist convective storms. We find that mode energies and amplitudes can reach theoretical estimates if the storm energy available to the modes is more than just kinetic. In order for the modes to be excited, we find that they require $5 \times 10^{27}$ to 10$^{28}$ erg per day. However, even for a large storm eruption each day, the available kinetic energy from the storms falls two orders of magnitude short of the required driving energy. Although our models may oversimplify the true complexity of the coupling between Jovian storms and global oscillations, our findings reveal that enough thermal energy is associated with moist convection to drive the modes, should it be available to them.
A system-wide network reconstruction of gene regulation and metabolism in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Grimbs, Anne
name: Klosik, David F.
name: Bornholdt, Stefan
name: Hütt, Marc-Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genome-scale metabolic models have become a fundamental tool for examining metabolic principles. However, metabolism is not solely characterized by the underlying biochemical reactions and catalyzing enzymes, but also affected by regulatory events. Since the pioneering work of Covert and co-workers as well as Shlomi and co-workers it is debated, how regulation and metabolism synergistically characterize a coherent cellular state. The first approaches started from metabolic models which were extended by the regulation of the encoding genes of the catalyzing enzymes. By now, bioinformatics databases in principle allow addressing the challenge of integrating regulation and metabolism on a system-wide level. Collecting information from several databases we provide a network representation of the integrated gene regulatory and metabolic system for Escherichia coli, including major cellular processes, from metabolic processes via protein modification to a variety of regulatory events. Besides transcriptional regulation, we also take into account regulation of translation, enzyme activities and reactions. Our network model provides novel topological characterizations of system components based on their positions in the network. We show that network characteristics suggest a representation of the integrated system as three network domains (regulatory, metabolic and interface networks) instead of two. This new three-domain representation reveals the structural centrality of components with known high functional relevance. This integrated network can serve as a platform for understanding coherent cellular states as active subnetworks and to elucidate crossover effects between metabolism and gene regulation.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures + Supplementary information
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503) (11 H 1173), f. 00594
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173), f. 00594, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
New high-spin structure and possible chirality in $^{109}$In
Creators: name: Wang, M.
name: Wang, Y. Y.
name: Zhu, L. H.
name: Sun, B. H.
name: Zhang, G. L.
name: He, L. C.
name: Qu, W. W.
name: Wang, F.
name: Wang, T. F.
name: Chen, Y. Y.
name: Xiong, C.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Zhang, J. M.
name: Zheng, Y.
name: He, C. Y.
name: Li, G. S.
name: Wang, J. L.
name: Wu, X. G.
name: Yao, S. H.
name: Li, C. B.
name: Li, H. W.
name: Hu, S. P.
name: Liu, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-spin structure of $^{109}$In has been investigated with the $^{100}$Mo($^{14}$N, 5$n$)$^{109}$In reaction at a beam energy of 78 MeV using the in-beam $γ$ spectroscopic method. The level scheme of $^{109}$In has been modified considerably and extended by 46 new $γ$-rays to the highest excited state at 8.979 MeV and $J^π$=(45/2$^{+}$). The new level scheme consists of eight bands, six of which are identified as dipole bands. The configurations have been tentatively assigned with the help of the systematics of neighboring odd-$A$ indium isotopes and the experimental aligned angular momenta. The dipole bands are then compared with the titled axis cranking calculation in the framework of covariant density function theory (TAC-CDFT). The results of theoretical calculation based on the configurations, which involve one proton hole at the $g_{9/2}$ orbital and two or four unpaired neutrons at $g_{7/2}$, $d_{5/2}$ and $h_{11/2}$ orbitals, show that the shape of $^{109}$In undergoes an evolution on both $β$ and $γ$ deformations and possible chirality is suggested in $^{109}$In.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, 75 conference
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0211v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0211v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0211v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
End-to-End Integration of Speech Separation and Voice Activity Detection for Low-Latency Diarization of Telephone Conversations
Creators: name: Morrone, Giovanni
name: Cornell, Samuele
name: Serafini, Luca
name: Zovato, Enrico
name: Brutti, Alessio
name: Squartini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent works show that speech separation guided diarization (SSGD) is an increasingly promising direction, mainly thanks to the recent progress in speech separation. It performs diarization by first separating the speakers and then applying voice activity detection (VAD) on each separated stream. In this work we conduct an in-depth study of SSGD in the conversational telephone speech (CTS) domain, focusing mainly on low-latency streaming diarization applications. We consider three state-of-the-art speech separation (SSep) algorithms and study their performance both in online and offline scenarios, considering non-causal and causal implementations as well as continuous SSep (CSS) windowed inference. We compare different SSGD algorithms on two widely used CTS datasets: CALLHOME and Fisher Corpus (Part 1 and 2) and evaluate both separation and diarization performance. To improve performance, a novel, causal and computationally efficient leakage removal algorithm is proposed, which significantly decreases false alarms. We also explore, for the first time, fully end-to-end SSGD integration between SSep and VAD modules. Crucially, this enables fine-tuning on real-world data for which oracle speakers sources are not available. In particular, our best model achieves 8.8% DER on CALLHOME, which outperforms the current state-of-the-art end-to-end neural diarization model, despite being trained on an order of magnitude less data and having significantly lower latency, i.e., 0.1 vs. 1 s. Finally, we also show that the separated signals can be readily used also for automatic speech recognition, reaching performance close to using oracle sources in some configurations.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Fermion Production in the Background of Minkowski Space Classical Solutions in Spontaneously Broken Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Farhi, E.
name: Goldstone, J.
name: Gutmann, S.
name: Rajagopal, K.
name: Singleton, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate fermion production in the background of Minkowski space solutions to the equations of motion of $SU(2)$ gauge theory spontaneously broken via the Higgs mechanism. First, we attempt to evaluate the topological charge $Q$ of the solutions. We find that for solutions $Q$ is not well-defined as an integral over all space-time. Solutions can profitably be characterized by the (integer-valued) change in Higgs winding number $ΔN_H$. We show that solutions which dissipate at early and late times and which have nonzero $ΔN_H$ must have at least the sphaleron energy. We show that if we couple a quantized massive chiral fermion to a classical background given by a solution, the number of fermions produced is $ΔN_H$, and is not related to $Q$.
description: Version to be published. Argument showing that the topological charge of solutions is undefined has been strengthened and clarified. Conclusions unchanged
Cosmic Shear from Galaxy Spins
Creators: name: Lee, Jounghun
name: Pen, Ue-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the origin of galactic angular momentum, and the statistics of the present day spin distribution. It is expected that the galaxy spin axes are correlated with the intermediate principal axis of the gravitational shear tensor. This allows one to reconstruct the shear field and thereby the full gravitational potential from the observed galaxy spin fields. We use the direction of the angular momentum vector without any information of its magnitude, which requires a measurement of the position angle and inclination on the sky of each disk galaxy. We present the maximum likelihood shear inversion procedure, which involves a constrained linear minimization. The theory is tested against numerical simulations. We find the correlation strength of nonlinear structures with the initial shear field, and show that accurate large scale density reconstructions are possible at the expected noise level.
description: Accepted by the ApJL, revised discussion, minor changes, LaTex file, 8 pages, 1 ps figure