cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Methoden zur Prüfung von Pflanzen- und Vorratsschutzmitteln: Beiträge X-XXXIII, 10/33.1937
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Parey
Year: 1937
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Beiträge von E. Brandenburg, H. Bremer, H. Goffart, K. Götzwald, E. Händler, H. Hampp, A. Hase, F. Fehl, G. Kunike, J. Liese, H. Maercks, L. Niemeyer, O. Schlumberger, W. Staudermann, W. Tomaszewski, W. Trappmann, B. Wehnelt, A. Winkelmann, H. Zillig
description: Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Reichsanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Berlin-Dahlem, vol. 55
D5.5: SPEAR's CoP-output
Creators: name: Myers, Eva Sophia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: gender equality, communities of practice

description: Publishable content from SPEAR’s CoP-deliverables: SPEAR’s Community of Practice (CoP) forms one half of SPEAR’s learning and support cycle, the other half being SPEAR’s Community of Learning (CoL). These two communities are carefully designed to interconnect and supplement each other in forging a strong, dynamic and coherent framework and foundation for supporting the learning, collaboration and practice of SPEAR’s members individually and together. SPEAR’s Community of Practice (CoP) comprises a number of activities centered on providing the partners with a platform for open and structured exchanges of (individual, embodied) experiences and insights gathered during the development and implementation of Gender Equality Plans (GEPs) in addition to support and inspiration for practical implementation to match partners’ emerging needs. The closest to ‘output’ from the CoPs we can get is the methodology used – this is presented in a separate deliverable: SPEAR’s CoP-methodology.
Unravelling the Dodecahedral Spaces
Creators: name: Spreer, Jonathan
name: Tillmann, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N10, 57M20, 57N35

description: The hyperbolic dodecahedral space of Weber and Seifert has a natural non-positively curved cubulation obtained by subdividing the dodecahedron into cubes. We show that the hyperbolic dodecahedral space has a 6-sheeted irregular cover with the property that the canonical hypersurfaces made up of the mid-cubes give a very short hierarchy. Moreover, we describe a 60-sheeted cover in which the associated cubulation is special. We also describe the natural cubulation and covers of the spherical dodecahedral space (aka Poincaré homology sphere).
description: 15 pages + 6 pages appendix, 7 figures, 4 tables
The role of immigrants, emigrants and locals in the historical formation of European knowledge agglomerations
Creators: name: Koch, Philipp
name: Stojkoski, Viktor
name: Hidalgo, César A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Did migrants make Paris a mecca for the arts and Vienna a beacon of classical music? Or was their rise a pure consequence of local actors? We use data on more than 22,000 historical individuals born between the years 1000 and 2000 to estimate the contribution of famous immigrants, emigrants and locals to the knowledge specialisations of European regions. We find that the probability that a region develops or keeps specialisation in an activity (based on the birth of famous physicists, painters, etc.) grows with both the presence of immigrants with knowledge about that activity and immigrants with knowledge in related activities. In contrast, we do not find robust evidence that the presence of locals with related knowledge explains entries and/or exits. We address some endogeneity concerns using fixed-effects models considering any location–period–activity-specific factors (e.g., the presence of a new university attracting scientists).
title: Spatial and temporal patterns of hydrogen isotope ratios descerned from n-alkanoic acids in plant leaf waxes
Creators: name: Harwood, Luke
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Hydrogen isotope ratios in n-alkanoic acids derived from plant leaf waxes from 49 lakes across the Canadian Prairies were measured and correlated with a range of environmental variables. δD values are found to produce correlations with temperature, precipitation amount, precipitation δD, elevation, SPEI, latitude and longitude, after spatial separation based on geographic location. This has allowed a series of calibrations to be produced which can now be used downcore to estimate past environmental change. In addition, correlations produced between δD and the δD of precipitation have allowed conclusions to be drawn about the recharge mechanisms for lakes across the Canadian Prairies which may provide useful information about ENSO events. This study shows that environmental variables can be used to separate a large number of lakes in a methodical way which produces strong calibrations across a region. While many previous studies have utilised transects, this study selects lakes with no particular bias in order to analyse spatial patterns of hydrogen isotopes indiscriminately. A lack of research to date has resulted in some ambiguity around the success of using n-alkanoic acids as a moisture proxy, this study confirms that n-alkanoic acids are a viable moisture proxy and should be used in future studies.
title: Scaffolding-Verfahren in L2-Erzählsituationen. Eine Analyse am Beispiel mehrsprachiger Kinder aus den ladinischen Tälern Südtirols
Creators: name: Salzmann, Katharina
name: Videsott, Ruth
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Im Zentrum des vorliegenden Beitrags stehen die Unterstützungsmaßnahmen (Scaffolding-Verfahren), die erwachsene Gesprächspartnerinnen in L2-Erzählsequenzen von drei- bis sechsjährigen Kindern anwenden. Für die Erzählanalyse stützt sich der Beitrag auf das Prinzip der interaktiven Konstruiertheit, demzufolge die Interaktionspartner/innen gemeinsam verschiedene kommunikative Aufgaben erfüllen, und unterscheidet dabei zwei grundlegende Typen von Scaffolding-Verfahren: interrogative und reparierende Maßnahmen. Als Korpusgrundlage dienen Sprachdaten in der L2 Deutsch und Italienisch, die in den ladinischen Tälern Südtirols erhoben wurden. Die Datenanalyse zeigt, dass unabhängig von der verwendeten Sprache je nach Erwerbsstadium (früh vs. fortgeschritten), Alter der Kinder und Gesprächspartnerinnen unterschiedliche Scaffolding-Verfahren zum Einsatz kommen.
V-mode Polarization in Axion Inflation and Preheating
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephon
name: McDonough, Evan
name: Sims, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of primordial circular ("V-mode") polarization in axion inflation coupled to fermions and gauge fields, with special attention paid to (p)reheating. We construct the power spectrum of $V$, and find a blue-tilted spectrum with index $n_V=4$. This is independent of the dominant decay channel of the inflaton (direct fermion vs. direct photon production)
description: 17 pages. v2: typos corrected, references added. v3: added review section on circular polarization (section II), references added. Matches version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Recent Advances in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment
Creators: name: Raghuvanshi, Vikas
name: Yadav, Pramod
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Beta amyloid plaque
NFTS
epigenetics
immunotherapy
stem cell
biomarkers

description: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 50 million people worldwide. Individuals suffering from Alzheimer's show a decline in cognition, and memory loss which ultimately leads to dementia pathology of the disease includes the formation of beta-amyloid (AB) plaques, neurofibrillary tangle (NFTs), loss of neurons, and synapses. Diagnosing Alzheimer's considers all possible causes: medical history mental status tests, physical exam, brain imaging, and neurological exam. Recently, blood-derived biomarkers are widely considered for having diagnostic accuracy. Evidence shows that plasma amyloid Beta protein plasma proteins may be a premorbid marker for the risk of Alzheimer's disease a study conducted in China suggested that a set of eight plasma proteins serves as a putative predictor for AD diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity. Several types of immunotherapy for AD are under investigation which stimulates T-cell, B-cell and microglia immune responses. Other includes passive administration with monoclonal antibodies directed against AB protein. The therapeutic outcome of stem cells is exerted by these cells via the release of neurotrophic factors, while other studies reported immuno-modulatory effects by transplanted cells. Other reports support stem cell transplantation causing endogenous cell proliferation or replacement of diseased cells at the site of degeneration. The role of chromatin modifications in Alzheimer's could offer an opportunity for novel therapeutic strategies. Research using animal models of Alzheimer's suggests that the epigenetic changes in Alzheimer's disease may have a profound impact on cognition. In the future drugs which inhibit these modifications can serve as noble therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.
Real-Time Observation of Exciton-Phonon Coupling Dynamics in Self-Assembled Hybrid Perovskite Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Ni, Limeng
name: Huynh, Uyen
name: Cheminal, Alexandre
name: Thomas, Tudor H.
name: Shivanna, Ravichandran
name: Sadhanala, Aditya
name: Hinrichsen, Ture
name: Rao, Akshay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-assembled hybrid perovskite quantum wells have attracted attention due to their tunable emission properties, ease of fabrication and device integration. However, the dynamics of excitons in these materials, especially how they couple to phonons remains an open question. Here, we investigate two widely used materials, namely butylammonium lead iodide $(CH_3(CH_2)3NH_3)2PbI_4$ and hexylammonium lead iodide $(CH_3(CH_2)5NH_3)2PbI_4$, both of which exhibit broad photoluminescence tails at room temperature. We performed femtosecond vibrational spectroscopy to obtain a real-time picture of the exciton phonon interaction and directly identified the vibrational modes that couple to excitons. We show that the choice of the organic cation controls which vibrational modes the exciton couples to. In butylammonium lead iodide, excitons dominantly couple to a 100 cm-1 phonon mode, whereas in hexylammonium lead iodide, excitons interact with phonons with frequencies of 88 cm-1 and 137 cm-1. Using the determined optical phonon energies, we analyzed PL broadening mechanisms. At low temperatures (<100 K), the broadening is due to acoustic phonon scattering, whereas at high temperatures, LO phonon-exciton coupling is the dominant mechanism. Our results help explain the broad photoluminescence lineshapes observed in hybrid perovskite quantum wells and provide insights into the mechanism of exciton-phonon coupling in these materials.
description: Some authors don't agree submit to preprint
title: Molecular epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis in the high-income world
Creators: name: Krumrie, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: Giardia duodenalis is a gastrointestinal parasite that infects most mammals, including humans. Outcome of infection ranges from asymptomatic carriage to severe clinical disease, leading to digestive abnormalities lasting years beyond infection. In high-income countries, this parasite was once primarily thought to be contracted by individuals with a history of foreign travel. Recent evidence suggests that endemic infection is an important factor in the epidemiology of giardiasis, and consequently human patients without a history of travel should be screened for Giardia to aid in the understanding of endemic infection. The first objective of the present study was to undertake a literature review of human giardiasis outbreaks to determine the primary routes of transmission in high-income countries. Outbreaks were categorised by transmission route, which included waterborne, foodborne, travel, person-to-person, zoonotic and direct faecal exposure. Waterborne transmission emerged as the route associated with the highest number of outbreak studies, followed by person-to-person transmission. This review highlighted the need for increased screening protocols in high-income countries and investigation into transmission routes other than travel. Being able to discern between different sub-types of Giardia, termed assemblages, is an important aspect of transmission analysis since different assemblages show varying levels of host-specificity, with some capable of infecting both humans and animals. Current Giardia typing methods rely largely on PCR of marker loci and sequencing of amplicons, however these suffer from poor amplification success rates particularly when applied to non-human assemblages. In this study, recently published genomic data was used to modify and optimise one such Giardia marker to increase sensitivity. Using this improved marker, the success rate across multiple assemblages increased markedly and it was subsequently applied to type a large collection of UK human and companion animal field samples. This revealed an appreciable presence of zoonotic assemblages in the companion animal population and highlighted them as potential source of human infection. This study adds to the knowledge on Giardia epidemiology in the context of a high-income country and provides improved genotyping methodology which can be applied to future studies.
title: A domain-extensible compiler with controllable automation of optimisations
Creators: name: Kœhler, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: In high performance domains like image processing, physics simulation or machine learning, program performance is critical. Programmers called performance engineers are responsible for the challenging task of optimising programs. Two major challenges prevent modern compilers targeting heterogeneous architectures from reliably automating optimisation. First, domain specific compilers such as Halide for image processing and TVM for machine learning are difficult to extend with the new optimisations required by new algorithms and hardware. Second, automatic optimisation is often unable to achieve the required performance, and performance engineers often fall back to painstaking manual optimisation. This thesis shows the potential of the Shine compiler to achieve domain-extensibility, controllable automation, and generate high performance code. Domain-extensibility facilitates adapting compilers to new algorithms and hardware. Controllable automation enables performance engineers to gradually take control of the optimisation process. The first research contribution is to add 3 code generation features to Shine, namely: synchronisation barrier insertion, kernel execution, and storage folding. Adding these features requires making novel design choices in terms of compiler extensibility and controllability. The rest of this thesis builds on these features to generate code with competitive runtime compared to established domain-specific compilers. The second research contribution is to demonstrate how extensibility and controllability are exploited to optimise a standard image processing pipeline for corner detection. Shine achieves 6 well-known image processing optimisations, 2 of them not being supported by Halide. Our results on 4 ARM multi-core CPUs show that the code generated by Shine for corner detection runs up to 1.4× faster than the Halide code. However, we observe that controlling rewriting is tedious, motivating the need for more automation. The final research contribution is to introduce sketch-guided equality saturation, a semiautomated technique that allows performance engineers to guide program rewriting by specifying rewrite goals as sketches: program patterns that leave details unspecified. We evaluate this approach by applying 7 realistic optimisations of matrix multiplication. Without guidance, the compiler fails to apply the 5 most complex optimisations even given an hour and 60GB of RAM. With the guidance of at most 3 sketch guides, each 10 times smaller than the complete program, the compiler applies the optimisations in seconds using less than 1GB.
Joint effect of ageing and multilayer structure prevents ordering in the voter model
Creators: name: Artime, Oriol
name: Fernandez-Gracia, Juan
name: Ramasco, Jose J.
name: Miguel, Maxi San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The voter model rules are simple, with agents copying the state of a random neighbor, but they lead to non-trivial dynamics. Besides opinion processes, the model has also applications for catalysis and species competition. Inspired by the temporal inhomogeneities found in human interactions, one can introduce ageing in the agents: the probability to update decreases with the time elapsed since the last change. This modified dynamics induces an approach to consensus via coarsening in complex networks. Additionally, multilayer networks produce profound changes in the dynamics of models. In this work, we investigate how a multilayer structure affects the dynamics of an ageing voter model. The system is studied as a function of the fraction of nodes sharing states across layers (multiplexity parameter q ). We find that the dynamics of the system suffers a notable change at an intermediate value q*. Above it, the voter model always orders to an absorbing configuration. While, below, a fraction of the realizations falls into dynamical traps associated to a spontaneous symmetry breaking in which the majority opinion in the different layers takes opposite signs and that due to the ageing indefinitely delay the arrival at the absorbing state.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Nonlinear Field Space Cosmology
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Jakub
name: Trześniewski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the FRW cosmological model in which the matter content of universe (playing a role of inflaton or quintessence) is given by a novel generalization of the massive scalar field. The latter is a scalar version of the recently introduced Nonlinear Field Space Theory (NFST), where physical phase space of a given field is assumed to be compactified at large energies. For our analysis we choose the simple case of a field with the spherical phase space and endow it with the generalized Hamiltonian analogous to the XXZ Heisenberg model, normally describing a system of spins in condensed matter physics. Subsequently, we study both the homogenous cosmological sector and linear perturbations of such a test field. In the homogenous sector we find that nonlinearity of the field phase space is becoming relevant for large volumes of universe and then it can lead to a recollapse, and possibly also at very high energies, leading to the phase of a bounce. Quantization of the field is performed in the limit where nontrivial nature of its phase space can be neglected, while there is a non-vanishing contribution from the Lorentz symmetry breaking term of the Hamiltonian. As a result, in the leading order of the XXZ anisotropy parameter, we find that the inflationary spectral index remains unmodified with respect to the standard case but the total amplitude of perturbations is subject to a correction. The Bunch-Davies vacuum state also becomes appropriately corrected. The proposed new approach is bringing cosmology and condensed matter physics closer together, which may turn out to be beneficial for both disciplines.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, v2 presentation improved and references added
title: Dual-Use in der IT: Bewertung in der Softwareentwicklung
Creators: name: Riebe, Thea
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: BdWi-Verlag
Year: 2023

description: Der Einsatz von Informationstechnologie (IT) im Frieden ebenso wie in Konflikten und für Sicherheitszwecke wirft einige Fragen auf (Reuter 2019), u.a. ob die Nutzung von IT auf so genannte förderliche Zwecke und Anwendungen begrenzt und eine schädliche Nutzung verhindert werden kann (Riebe und Reuter 2019). Diese Ambivalenz wird als Dual-use-Dilemma bezeichnet und bedeutet, dass Gegenstände, Wissen und Technologie sowohl nützliche als auch schädliche Anwendung finden können. Dual-use-Fragen stellen sich in ganz unterschiedlichen technischen und naturwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen, insbesondere in der Nukleartechnologie sowie in der Chemie und Biologie. Dabei unterscheidet sich die Bedeutung von Dual-use je nach Technologie, ihren spezifischen Risiken und Szenarien sowie ihrer Distribution und Anwendung. Konkret bedeutet dies: Sicherheitspolitische Risikoszenarien und Anwender der Nukleartechnologie unterscheiden sich erheblich von denen der IT.
Topological quantum wires with balanced gain and loss
Creators: name: Menke, Henri
name: Hirschmann, Moritz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a one-dimensional topological superconductor, the Kitaev chain, under the influence of a non-Hermitian but $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric potential. This potential introduces gain and loss in the system in equal parts. We show that the stability of the topological phase is influenced by the gain/loss strength and explicitly derive the bulk topological invariant in a bipartite lattice as well as compute the corresponding phase diagram using analytical and numerical methods. Furthermore we find that the edge state is exponentially localized near the ends of the wire despite the presence of gain and loss of probability amplitude in that region.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
D-BeONE.4.3: Final BeONE system
Creators: name: Joensen, Katrine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: BeONE

description: The initial plan of an integrated, easily accessible platform for sharing, visualising and analysing data was not possible due to time limitations, COVID-19, personnel changes and delays in the similar concurrent Danish project SOFI. Therefore, the final solution became a backend independent dashboard, which is possible to get locally on your computer. Furthermore, a datahub was developed. The datahub is a full web application which can read a MongoDB (database) structured in the BeONE MongoDB schema provided by WP3. In the datahub it is possible to see both your own samples as well as samples that other institutes have shared.
Weakly Supervised Classification in High Energy Physics
Creators: name: Dery, Lucio Mwinmaarong
name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Rubbo, Francesco
name: Schwartzman, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As machine learning algorithms become increasingly sophisticated to exploit subtle features of the data, they often become more dependent on simulations. This paper presents a new approach called weakly supervised classification in which class proportions are the only input into the machine learning algorithm. Using one of the most challenging binary classification tasks in high energy physics - quark versus gluon tagging - we show that weakly supervised classification can match the performance of fully supervised algorithms. Furthermore, by design, the new algorithm is insensitive to any mis-modeling of discriminating features in the data by the simulation. Weakly supervised classification is a general procedure that can be applied to a wide variety of learning problems to boost performance and robustness when detailed simulations are not reliable or not available.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The role of data in the fight for social justice in Uganda
Creators: name: AKULLO, Winny Nekesa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The role of data in the fight for social justice in Uganda Data is critical at the forefront of the social justice movement. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 “provides access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels”. Reliable, timely data collection and management is therefore a critical tool to help citizens hold governments accountable. Many Ugandans experience multiple needs in their daily lives. But few can bring their problems to the formal justice, predominately referred to as Courts and lawyers. According to studies conducted, Ugandans rely primarily on friends, family members and neighbors when dealing with a justice problem. In addition to seeking help from formal justice mechanisms that seem more accessible such the police, Local council courts and local authorities, as opposed to formal courts. However, this information and data is not readily captured making it very difficult for access and evidence based planning and recommendations to help in the fight for social justice in the county. This presentation, therefore, aims at exploring the roles of data may provide in fighting social justice in Uganda. The objectives are to identify the type social justice data collected; the challenges faced in collecting data and disseminating it; and propose strategies on how data may be used to fight social justice.
An outburst powered by the merging of two stars inside the envelope of a giant
Creators: name: Hillel, Shlomi
name: Schreier, Ron
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of energy deposition into the envelope of a red giant star as a result of the merger of two close main sequence stars or brown dwarfs, and show that the outcome is a highly non-spherical outflow. Such a violent interaction of a triple stellar system can explain the formation of `messy', i.e., lacking any kind of symmetry, planetary nebulae (PNe) and similar nebulae around evolved stars. We do not simulate the merging process, but simply assume that after the tight binary system enters the envelope of the giant star the interaction with the envelope causes the two components, stars or brown dwarfs, to merge and liberate gravitational energy. We deposit the energy over a time period of about nine hours, which is about one per cent of the orbital period of the merger product around the centre of the giant star. The ejection of the fast hot gas and its collision with previously ejected mass are very likely to lead to a transient event, i.e., an intermediate luminosity optical transient (ILOT).
description: Appeared in MNRAS, 471, 3456 (2017)
U.S. Hog Production: Rising Output and Changing Trends in Productivity Growth
Creators: name: Davis, Christopher
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Nehring, Richard
name: Collins, LaPorchia
name: Haley, Mildred
name: Ha, Kim
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey
name: Davis, Christopher
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Nehring, Richard
name: Collins, LaPorchia
name: Haley, Mildred
name: Ha, Kim
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Hogs
subject: pigs
subject: farm management
subject: production contracts
subject: income statements
subject: specialization
subject: labor productivity
subject: hog building capacity
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey
subject: ARMS

description: The hog sector began a major transformation in the early 1990s, and since then, it has experienced productivity growth and structural change, increased output, and expanded exports. This study examined changes in hog production from 1992 to 2017. During this period, production contracts became the most common business model in hog production, and hog farms grew larger and more specialized. Technological advancements improved productivity, though changes in production costs were mixed.
Bilinear stiffness and bimodular Poisson’s ratio in cylindrical sinusoidal lattices through topology morphing
Creators: name: Sundararaman, Venkatesh
name: P. O’Donnell, Matthew
name: V. Chenchiah, Isaac
name: Weaver, Paul M.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Bilinear elastic behaviour allows structural designs to respond in either a stiff or compliant manner depending on the load. Here a cylindrical sinusoidal lattice structure is described that stiffens beyond a certain load. When subjected to axial compression, the lattice can undergo a topological transformation by forming contact connections. This topology change involves a transition from rectangular-like unit cells to kagome-like unit cells, associated with an approximately fourfold increase in stiffness. The lattice exhibits negative Poisson’s ratio with a step-change from ≈ −0.66 to ≈ −0.23 prior to and during contact formation, respectively. After contact formation, it displays a nonlinear Poisson’s ratio behaviour. The mechanics underpinning these behaviours are analysed using a combination of experiments and numerical modelling. A comparison with similar planar lattices reveals the effect of the global topology of the lattice (e.g. planar, cylindrical) on the unit cell-level topology morphing. The proposed topology-morphing cylindrical sinusoidal lattice introduces new design possibilities in the application-rich context of tubular structures with nonlinear mechanical properties.
title: FMEA application to ensure cybersecurity of technical products
Creators: name: Balboena Bregalda, Mayara
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cyber-Physical Systems
subject: Cyber-attacks
subject: Norms and Standards
subject: Cyber Threats
subject: ISO 21434
subject: SAE J3061

description: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) in the automotive industry have deep software and hardware integration due to rapid technological advancements. This increased interconnectivity raises the risk of cybersecurity breaches, necessitating robust security measures. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a widely used method to evaluate hardware components' safety and reliability. However, adapting FMEA for effective cybersecurity risk assessment is essential as vehicles rely more on software and intelligent systems. This thesis develops a tailored Cybersecurity FMEA framework for technical products in the automotive industry. It explores FMEA's applicability in ensuring cybersecurity and establishes a connection between FMEA and cybersecurity principles. Drawing parallels between failure modes and cybersecurity implications, FMEA's effectiveness in anticipating and preventing cyberattacks is affirmed. The research integrates FMEA with Cybersecurity Standards (ISO21434 and SAE J3061) for a systematic approach to risk assessment. Involving cybersecurity experts in the FMEA team provides insights into vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies. The proposed Cybersecurity FMEA framework enhances risk management processes, aligns with industry standards, and strengthens cybersecurity posture. It guides organizations through comprehensive risk assessment, adapting FMEA for dynamic cyber threats. This study highlights real-world incidents like the Jeep Cherokee hack, emphasizing the need for robust cybersecurity measures. Bridging the gap between FMEA and cybersecurity, the research proposes a practical solution to support cybersecurity in technical products. As the automotive industry continues to advance, the Cybersecurity FMEA framework offers a proactive and adaptable approach to effectively safeguard against emerging cyber threats.
Strong First Order Electroweak Phase Transition in the CP-Conserving 2HDM Revisited
Creators: name: Basler, P.
name: Krause, M.
name: Muhlleitner, M.
name: Wittbrodt, J.
name: Wlotzka, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the Higgs boson by the LHC experiments ATLAS and CMS has marked a milestone for particle physics. Yet, there are still many open questions that cannot be answered within the Standard Model (SM). For example, the generation of the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe through baryogenesis can only be explained qualitatively in the SM. A simple extension of the SM compatible with the current theoretical and experimental constraints is given by the 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) where a second Higgs doublet is added to the Higgs sector. We investigate the possibility of a strong first order electroweak phase transition in the CP-conserving 2HDM type I and type II where either of the CP-even Higgs bosons is identified with the SM-like Higgs boson. The renormalisation that we apply on the loop-corrected Higgs potential allows us to efficiently scan the 2HDM parameter space and simultaneously take into account all relevant theoretical and up-to-date experimental constraints. The 2HDM parameter regions found to be compatible with the applied constraints and a strong electroweak phase transition are analysed systematically. Our results show that there is a strong interplay between the requirement of a strong phase transition and collider phenomenology with testable implications for searches at the LHC.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables. Matches journal version accepted for publication
title: Self-Assembly of Polymer-Modified FePt Magnetic Nanoparticles and Block Copolymers
Creators: name: Hartmann, Frank
name: Bitsch, Martin
name: Niebuur, Bart-Jan
name: Koch, Marcus
name: Kraus, Tobias
name: Dietz, Christian
name: Stark, Robert W.
name: Everett, Christopher R.
name: Müller-Buschbaum, Peter
name: Janka, Oliver
name: Gallei, Markus
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: The fabrication of nanocomposites containing magnetic nanoparticles is gaining interest as a model for application in small electronic devices. The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) makes these materials ideal for use as a soft matrix to support the structural ordering of the nanoparticles. In this work, a high-molecular-weight polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) block copolymer (PS-b-PMMA) was synthesized through anionic polymerization. The influence of the addition of different ratios of PMMA-coated FePt nanoparticles (NPs) on the self-assembled morphology was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The self-assembly of the NPs inside the PMMA phase at low particle concentrations was analyzed statistically, and the negative effect of higher particle ratios on the lamellar BCP morphology became visible. The placement of the NPs inside the PMMA phase was also compared to theoretical descriptions. The magnetic addressability of the FePt nanoparticles inside the nanocomposite films was finally analyzed using bimodal magnetic force microscopy and proved the magnetic nature of the nanoparticles inside the microphase-separated BCP films.
Effect of acceleration on localized fermionic Gaussian states: from vacuum entanglement to maximally entangled states
Creators: name: Richter, Benedikt
name: Lorek, Krzysztof
name: Dragan, Andrzej
name: Omar, Yasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of acceleration on fermionic Gaussian states of localized modes of a Dirac field. We consider two wave-packets in a Gaussian state and transform these to an accelerated frame of reference. In particular, we formulate the action of this transformation as a fermionic quantum channel. Having developed the general framework for fermions, we then investigate the entanglement of the vacuum, as well as the entanglement in Bell states. We find that with increasing acceleration vacuum entanglement increases, while the entanglement of Bell states decreases. Notably, our results have an immediate operational meaning given the localization of the modes.
description: Published version (minor typos fixed)
Collaborative Problem Solving and Communication
Creators: name: Barchue, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Students use communication in mathematics to link ideas, communicate their ideas to their classmates and teachers, problem solve, analyze the mathematical thinking of others, and express their mathematical ideas (Rohid, et al, 2019). Students are able to communicate effectively, understand ideas, reason, and present mathematical ideas when given the opportunity. Inviting students to communicate mathematically deepens understanding of mathematics, deepens reasoning, and supports mathematical language development. It allows for the exploration and exchange of ideas and strategies. This analysis is intended to analyze mathematics communication skills and problem-solving among Alan and his classmates as they demonstrate their mathematics communication skills. In this analytic, we observe Alan as he communicates his mathematical ideas about fractions on a number line and its link to the concept of infinity. We explore Alan’s ability to communicate his argument that there are infinitely many numbers in any given interval of numbers.Video references:Alan’s Infinity [video]. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T39Z93WVNon-video references:Rohid, N., Suryaman, & Rusmawati, R. D. (2019). Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills (MCS)in Solving Mathematics Problems: A Case in Indonesian Context. Anatolian Journal of Education, 4(2), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2019.423a
Skyrmion defects and competing singlet orders in a half-filled antiferromagnetic Kondo-Heisenberg model on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Liu, Chia-Chuan
name: Goswami, Pallab
name: Si, Qimiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the interaction between topological defects of an order parameter and underlying fermions, the defects can possess induced fermion numbers, leading to several exotic phenomena of fundamental importance to both condensed matter and high energy physics. One of the intriguing outcome of induced fermion number is the presence of fluctuating competing orders inside the core of topological defect. In this regard, the interaction between fermions and skyrmion excitations of antiferromagnetic phase can have important consequence for understanding the global phase diagrams of many condensed matter systems where antiferromagnetism and several singlet orders compete. We critically investigate the relation between fluctuating competing orders and skyrmion excitations of the antiferromagnetic insulating phase of a half-filled Kondo-Heisenberg model on honeycomb lattice. By combining analytical and numerical methods we obtain exact eigenstates of underlying Dirac fermions in the presence of a single skyrmion configuration, which are used for computing induced chiral charge. Additionally, by employing this nonperturbative eigenbasis we calculate the susceptibilities of different translational symmetry breaking charge, bond and current density wave orders and translational symmetry preserving Kondo singlet formation. Based on the computed susceptibilities we establish spin Peierls and Kondo singlets as dominant competing orders of antiferromagnetism. We show favorable agreement between our findings and field theoretic predictions based on perturbative gradient expansion scheme which crucially relies on adiabatic principle and plane wave eigenstates for Dirac fermions. The methodology developed here can be applied to many other correlated systems supporting competition between spin-triplet and spin-singlet orders in both lower and higher spatial dimensions.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Realization of an atomically thin mirror using monolayer MoSe2
Creators: name: Back, Patrick
name: Ijaz, Aroosa
name: Zeytinoglu, Sina
name: Kroner, Martin
name: Imamoglu, Atac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advent of new materials such as van der Waals heterostructures, propels new research directions in condensed matter physics and enables development of novel devices with unique functionalities. Here, we show experimentally that a monolayer of MoSe2 embedded in a charge controlled heterostructure can be used to realize an electrically tunable atomically-thin mirror, that effects 90% extinction of an incident field that is resonant with its exciton transition. The corresponding maximum reflection coefficient of 45% is only limited by the ratio of the radiative decay rate to the linewidth of exciton transition and is independent of incident light intensity up to 400 Watts/cm2. We demonstrate that the reflectivity of the mirror can be drastically modified by applying a gate voltage that modifies the monolayer charge density. Our findings could find applications ranging from fast programmable spatial light modulators to suspended ultra-light mirrors for optomechanical devices.
D-BeONE.4.2: Web input system
Creators: name: Joensen, Katrine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: BeONE

description: The initial plan of an integrated, easily accessible platform for sharing, visualising and analysing data was not possible due to time limitations, COVID-19, personnel changes and delays in the similar concurrent Danish project SOFI. Therefore, the final solution became a backend independent dashboard, which is possible to get locally on your computer. Furthermore, a datahub was developed. The datahub is a full web application which can read a MongoDB (database) structured in the BeONE MongoDB schema provided by WP3. In the datahub it is possible to see both your own samples as well as samples that other institutes have shared.
Metacyclic groups as automorphism groups of compact Riemann surfaces
Creators: name: Schweizer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 14H37, 30F10, secondary 20F16

description: Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface of genus $g\geq 2$, and let $G$ be a subgroup of $Aut(X)$. We show that if the Sylow $2$-subgroups of $G$ are cyclic, then $|G|\leq 30(g-1)$. If all Sylow subgroups of $G$ are cyclic, then, with two exceptions, $|G|\leq 10(g-1)$. More generally, if $G$ is metacyclic, then, with one exception, $|G|\leq 12(g-1)$. Each of these bounds is attained for infinitely many values of $g$.
description: 16 pages, final version, some improvements
DISCRIMINATING EXPLOSIONS FROM EARTHQUAKES: ANALYZING SEISMIC SIGNATURES USING SDFA
Creators: name: Sofia, Martínez
Publisher: name: CARSON JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Smoothed Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (SDFA), time series analysis, long-range correlation, scaling exponent, wavelet shrinkage

description: The Smoothed Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (SDFA) method, introduced by Linhares in 2016, offers a valuable tool for characterizing long-range correlations in time series data. Building upon the foundations of Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and the wavelet shrinkage procedure, SDFA computes statistical fluctuations measures, denoted as F(l), using varying window lengths (l). By analyzing these measures across different window lengths, SDFA derives a scaling exponent, specifically the slope coefficient obtained through regression analysis of F(l) against ln(l), where l varies within a specific range determined by g(n). Linhares, in a subsequent work in 2016, established an optimal choice for g(n), where g(n) is defined as ⌊(ln(n))⌋ with ⌊⋅⌋ representing the integer part function and n denoting the length of the time series. This abstract explores the fundamental concepts and procedures underlying the SDFA method, highlighting its significance in uncovering long-range correlations in time series data.
Presentation: The Effect of Absorptive Capacity and Digital Entrepreneurial Strategy on MSMEs' Digital Transformation
Creators: name: Dewanti, Ida Susi
name: Mulyanto, Indro Herry
name: Didik Indarwanta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science. October 25, 2022
No Future? Konsequenzen der Bewerberkrise der informationswissenschaftlichen Studiengänge
Creators: name: Pfeffer, Magnus
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hochschule
subject: Informationswissenschaft
subject: Studienbewerber
subject: Fachkräftemangel
subject: Universities
subject: information science
subject: applicants
subject: skilled labor shortage
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Das Interesse junger Menschen an informationswissenschaftlichen Studiengängen hat in dem vergangenen Jahrzehnt stetig nachgelassen. Dieser Trend ist dabei nicht auf einzelne Studienangebote beschränkt, sondern trifft – wenn auch in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß – auf alle regulären informationswissenschaftlichen Studienangebote im deutschsprachigen Raum zu. Dieser Aufsatz dokumentiert diese Entwicklung am Beispiel des Studienangebots Informationswissenschaften an der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart, stellt die getroffenen Maßnahmen vor und zeigt die mittel- und langfristigen Folgen auf. Neben den Studiengängen selbst sind vor allem Informationseinrichtungen betroffen, da der bereits bestehende Mangel an Fachkräften durch diese Entwicklung noch verstärkt wird.
description: In the past decade, interest in Information Science (B.A.) programs has dropped significantly. This trend is not limited to specific programs but can be observed in varying extent at all regular university programs in the German-speaking countries. This article documents the development at Stuttgart Media University, the countermeasures that have been tried and discusses the mid- and long-term consequences. Besides the programs themselves, this development should be of concern to all kinds of libraries, as it will worsen the already existing lack of qualified staff.
title: Aufgabenkonzept zur Unterstützung von Mehrsprachigkeitsorientierung im schulischen Französischunterricht
Creators: name: Schmelter, Lars
name: Göbel, Kerstin
name: Buret, Julie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Fremdsprachenunterricht, der die Ausbildung individueller Mehrsprachigkeitsprofile verfolgt, sollte die vorhandenen Sprachkompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler, die diese in vorherigem Fremdsprachenunterricht oder aufgrund mehrsprachiger Sozialisation erworben haben, aufgreifen. Bislang geschieht dies noch immer selten und eher unsystematisch. Studien legen nahe, dass u.a. entsprechende Materialien fehlen, die sich aus der Perspektive der Lehrpersonen in den regulären Fremdsprachenunterricht einbetten lassen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt konzeptionelle Überlegungen und Begründungen zur Mehrsprachigkeitsorientierung im Französischunterricht vor und beschreibt ein mehrsprachigkeitsorientiertes Aufgabenkonzept für den Unterricht in Französisch als 2. Fremdsprache. Die leitenden Prinzipien der Aufgabengestaltung und -progression können auf die Entwicklung entsprechender weiterer Aufgaben für den Unterricht anderer Fremdsprachen übertragen werden.