cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phrynocephalus ananjevae Melnikov, Melnikova, Nazarov, Rajaabizadeh 2013
Creators: name: Ananjeva, Natalia B.
name: Milto, Konstantin D.
name: Barabanov, Andrei V.
name: Golynsky, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Agamidae
Phrynocephalus
Phrynocephalus ananjevae

description: Phrynocephalus ananjevae MELNIKOV, MELNIKOVA, NAZAROV, RAJABIZADEH (2013: 40)
Holotype:
ZISP 10256.1, adult male, “Qahferokh” [vicinity of Farokhshahr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran, approx. 32.27 N 50.97 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 14.04.1904.
Paratypes:
ZISP 10256.2 – 3, 2 adult females, “Qahferokh” [vicinity of Farokhshahr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran, approx. 32.27 N 50.97 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 14.04.1904. –
ZISP 10256.4 and ZISP 10257, 2 subadult males, “Qahferokh” [vicinity of Farokhshahr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran, approx. 32.27 N 50.97 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 14.04.1904.
Present name: Phrynocephalus ananjevae Melnikov, Melnikova, Nazarov, Rajaabizadeh (2013) fide Šmíd et al. (2014).
Remarks: The original description of this subspecies was based not only on Zarudny’s material.
description: Published as part of Ananjeva, Natalia B., Milto, Konstantin D., Barabanov, Andrei V. & Golynsky, Evgeny A., 2020, An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia, pp. 101-128 in Zootaxa 4722 (2) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3605815
Panurginus nitidulus F. Morawitz 1889
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus nitidulus

description: 26. Panurginus nitidulus Morawitz, 1889, sp. resurr.
(Fig. 26a–e)
Panurginus nitidulus Morawitz, 1889: 357, ♀.
Type locality: Songpan, Sichuan (China).
Published (original) locality: “Sse-tschuan: Tschatshaku”.
Lectotype (designated here): ♀, Kansu, Tschatshaku [China, Sichuan, 30 km N of Songpan, 32°40′N 103°40′E], Potanin [leg.]// к.[оллекциЯ]Ф.Моравица [collection of F.Morawitz] // [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus Panurginus nitidulus F. Morawitz, ♀, Astafurova design., 2010  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS _ HYM_0002502.
Paralectotype: ♀, the same label as in the lectotype.
Current status. Panurginus nitidulus Morawitz, 1889, sp. resurr.
Remarks. F. Morawitz (1989) described two species from Sichuan (China): Panurginus nitidulus and P. picipes (= Panurginus picitarsis Cockerell, 1912, nom. nov.). The females of P. nitidulus and the males of P. picipes have similar sculpture on the mesoscutum and metasomal terga. This gives the impression that both sexes are conspecific. K. Warncke (1987: 94) synonymised P. nitidulus with P. picipes. However, the female of P. nitidulus has a rounded vertex, whereas the male of P. picipes has an angular vertex. In addition, the body size of P. nitidulus (6.0– 6.5 mm) is smaller than that of P. picipes (7.5 mm), whereas females in Panurginus are on average larger than males. The female of P. nitidulus contradicts this and should be treated as a separate species.
Distribution. China (Sichuan).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 276, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Fabrication and characterization of calcium aluminate glass fibers
Creators: name: Foy, Paul R.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Calcium aluminate glasses (CAG) offer excellent chemical durability, high strength, broad spectral transparency, and a refractory nature.  This makes them ideal candidates for fiber optic power delivery and sensor systems in the infrared spectrum.  CAG also have the potential to form ultra-low loss optical materials. The fabrication of glass optical fibers from CAG was investigated in this study.  High quality bulk glasses were obtained from the best industrial sources available.  These glasses included silica and baria doped CAG compositions.  A preform fabrication method was developed to obtain drawing samples.  An optical fiber draw furnace was specially modified to achieve fiber drawing.  A novel drawing method was also developed.  Solid and hollow CAG waveguides, and CAG core/silica clad waveguides were obtained from drawing preforms.  This represents the first successful fiber drawing of this glass system.  Teflon coating for optical cladding and strength protection was also investigated.Infrared Spectroscopy was used to assess the attenuation in the drawn fibers.  7 dB/m at 2.7 microns with the baria doped CAG solid waveguide was recorded.  This represents the lowest loss documented for fibers fabricated from CAG.Laser power propagation through solid and hollow waveguides was investigated.  24 Watts of CO2 laser power was delivered into a hollow baria doped CAG waveguide.  10.13 J/mm2 of 2.94 microns Erbium YAG laser power was delivered through solid baria doped CAG waveguide.Fiber strength testing was performed on the CAG fibers through four point bend testing.  The best strength obtained was 1290 MPa for baria doped CAG.Glass stability was assessed using Differential Thermal Analysis.  Fiber surface crystallization products were characterized using Energy Dispersive Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy, a specially modified Hot Stage X-Ray, and Guinier Camera X-Ray Analysis.  The surface crystallization analysis revealed the formation of Ca3Al2O6 in the silica doped CAG fibers and Ca3Al2O6 and Ba4Al2O7 in the baria doped CAG fibers.Reactive atmosphere processing using propane and NF3 was investigated for reducing the surface crystallization during drawing.
Client-guided treatment development for problem drinkers of various sexual orientations
Creators: name: Green, Kelly Elizabeth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: The present study worked from a social learning perspective, addressed several of the methodological limitations of previous research, and provided empirical data on some of the unanswered questions related to drinking habits, barriers to treatment seeking, and treatment preferences in the lesbian/gay/bisexual community. Participants were recruited over the Internet from 5/19/2007 to 5/31/2008 for a web-based survey that provided personalized feedback on drinking habits to respondents. Overall, the sample (n = 218) was ethnically diverse, middle-aged, employed, college educated, 71% female, and 72% heterosexual. Though several sex differences and sexual orientation differences were found in reported rates of substance use, the groups appeared more similar than different in terms of motivation for treatment, barriers to treatment seeking, and treatment preferences. Severity of drinking was correlated with levels of drinking in social networks, and heterosexual respondents reported higher proportions of abstainers in their social networks than lesbian/gay/bisexual respondents. Results suggest individuals do not seek treatment for a wide range of reasons, including stigma, not seeing the need for treatment, and having negative thoughts about treatment. In terms of treatment preferences, 40% preferred professional outpatient treatment, 29% preferred a self-help group, 15% preferred a self-help book, and 16% preferred computerized treatment either online or with computerized sessions.  Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed.
Phrynocephalus olivieri var. brevipes Nikolsky 1906
Creators: name: Ananjeva, Natalia B.
name: Milto, Konstantin D.
name: Barabanov, Andrei V.
name: Golynsky, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Agamidae
Phrynocephalus
Phrynocephalus olivieri
Phrynocephalus olivieri var. brevipes

description: Phrynocephalus olivieri var. brevipes NIKOLSKY (“1905” 1907: 274)
Lectotype (designated by Barabanov & Ananjeva 2007):
ZISP 10235, adult female, “Naim-abad (Damysan) in Chorosano occident” [Naim-Abad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, 36.14 N 58.92 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 18.X.1903.
Paralectotypes:
ZISP 10239.1 - 2, 2 specimens, “Dshandak in Kuchistano occid.” [Jandaq, Isfahan Province, Iran, 34.04 N 54.42 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 8.XI.1903.
ZISP 10344, 1 specimen,“ Descht-i-Kewir Desert (23.5 km to the south from Gusein-Nan)” [23.5 km south of Hoseinan, Dasht-e Kavir Desert, Semnan Province, Iran, 35.03 N 54.59 E]. Leg. N. A. Zarudny, 3.XI.1903.
Present name: Phrynocephalus scutellatus (Olivier, 1807) fide Anderson (1999).
Remarks: Two paralectotypes (ZISP 10239.1-2) could not be located in the ZISP collection.
description: Published as part of Ananjeva, Natalia B., Milto, Konstantin D., Barabanov, Andrei V. & Golynsky, Evgeny A., 2020, An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia, pp. 101-128 in Zootaxa 4722 (2) on page 112, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3605815
Apristus Chaudoir 1846
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Nozari, Jamasb
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Apristus

description: Genus Apristus Chaudoir, 1846
Apristus jaechi Kirschenhofer, 1988
Studied material: Mand River, 2014 and 2015 (Prov. of Hormozgan). Citations: Kazerun env (Prov. of Fars; Wrase, 2009a).
Apristus reticulatus Schaum, 1857
Citations: Without exact locality (Hieke & Wrase, 1988); Rasht (Prov. of Gilan; Salari et al., 2013).
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed & Nozari, Jamasb, 2015, Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4024 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4024.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/240494
Effect of cloud macroscale properties on climate forecasting in the tropics
Creators: name: Foster, Michael J.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: This work represents an effort to improve climate model treatment of shortwave radiative transfer through cloudy atmosphere.  Results from a stochastic model, which statistically represents radiative transfer through broken cloud fields using a Markovian distribution of observed cloud chord lengths, are compared against those of a plane-parallel model for a variety of cloudy scenes observed in the tropics over a four year period in an effort to reduce the error in radiative transfer calculations due to neglected cloud field morphology.  A k-means clustering algorithm is applied to observed cloud optical and dynamical properties in order to identify the presence of specific cloud regimes, which in turn are categorized using large-scale simulated climate variables.  The results from the model comparison and cluster analysis are used to develop criteria by which to identify situations where the stochastic model outperforms a traditional plane-parallel model.    These criteria are applied to output from a climate model resulting in the identification of some of the issues involved in applying a parameterization developed with observations to model-generated cloud fields.
Mid and high latitude hydroclimatology: a modeling study of the observations and future temperature trends in the Fraser and Lena River basins
Creators: name: Ferrari, Michael Renard
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: The global hydrologic cycle is a complex physical system connecting ocean, land and atmosphere, and rivers are the conduit which connect all of these media.  There have been several studies on the impact of climate change on river flow, but relatively few long term studies focusing on the impact of climate change on river temperature.  This dissertation examines the potential impact of climate change on river temperatures for mid and high latitude Northern Hemisphere locations.  Present trends in temperature of the Fraser and Lena Rivers are extended by using a global climate model to project how river temperatures in the basins might change by the year 2100.  During the second half of the 20th century, observations indicate that river temperatures in the Fraser River are increasing and extreme temperatures are more frequent.  This can negatively affect the reproductive fitness of Pacific salmon during their upstream migration to their spawning beds.  The model projects that the observed warming trends will continue to 2100 and that the frequency of extremes, particularly temperatures above 18°C, will increase the risk to the salmon population.  During mid summer, the model projects that the frequency of days with temperatures above 18°C will increase from 3.8 days per month now to 21 days per month by 2100.  For the Lena River, the model projects that river temperatures will increase during the summer by 2.0°C-3.0°C by 2100, with the largest increase (approximately 4.5°C) at the mouth of the basin in late September.   There are also changes in the timing of the peak summer river discharge which occurs earlier in the spring.  This study is a useful starting point in understanding future water resource requirements and overall ecological fitness in the Fraser and Lena basins.
Phrynocephalus olivieri var. carinipes Nikolsky 1906
Creators: name: Ananjeva, Natalia B.
name: Milto, Konstantin D.
name: Barabanov, Andrei V.
name: Golynsky, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Agamidae
Phrynocephalus
Phrynocephalus olivieri
Phrynocephalus olivieri var. carinipes

description: Phrynocephalus olivieri var. carinipes NIKOLSKY (“1905” 1907: 273)
Lectotype (designated by Barabanov & Ananjeva, 2007):
ZISP 10236, adult female, “Pudeschk-Kupa” [Tudeshg, Isfahan Province, Iran, 32.72 N 52.67 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 1903.
Paralectotypes:
ZISP 10240, 1 specimen, “Dschandak in Kuchistano occid.” [Jandaq, Isfahan Province, Iran, 34.04 N 54.42 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 8.XI.1903.
ZISP 10241, 1 specimen, “Pudeschk-Kupa” [Tudeshg, Isfahan Province, Iran, 32.72 N 52.67 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 1903.
Present name: Phrynocephalus scutellatus (Olivier, 1807) fide Anderson (1999).
description: Published as part of Ananjeva, Natalia B., Milto, Konstantin D., Barabanov, Andrei V. & Golynsky, Evgeny A., 2020, An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia, pp. 101-128 in Zootaxa 4722 (2) on page 112, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3605815
Structural characterization and transcriptional regulation of the cytosolic PSD-95 interacting protein(cypin) and its role in neuronal dendrite branching
Creators: name: Fernández, José R.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Dendrite morphology regulates how a postsynaptic neuron receives information from presynaptic neurons. The specific patterning of dendrite branches is promoted by extrinsic and intrinsic factors that trigger the activation of functional signaling pathways. However, only a handful of the regulatory factors and biochemical mechanisms involved in determining dendrite morphology are known. The Firestein laboratory previously reported that cypin (cytosolic PSD-95 interactor), the mammalian guanine deaminase (GDA), plays an active role in regulating dendrite branching in hippocampal neurons. Cypin-promoted increases in dendrite number are dependent on binding of zinc ions to cypin and cypin's guanine deaminase activity. This work focuses on the identification of specific structural properties of cypin that lead to the multifunctional roles in guanine metabolism and dendrite development. We first employed phylogenetic analysis and computational structure modeling techniques to construct a three dimensional structural model of cypin. Inspection of our structural model confirmed that specific predicted residues coordinate with a zinc ion to play a role in enzymatic activity and promotion of dendrite branching in developing neurons. In addition, we used a combination of protein structure analysis, experimental kinetic studies, and cell culture tests to uncover novel potential ligands for cypin. We obtained a list of compounds that demonstrate higher binding affinity to GDA than does guanine. Our results provide evidence that an in silico drug discovery strategy coupled with in vitro verification can be successfully implemented to discover compounds that may have therapeutic value for the treatment of diseases and disorders where GDA activity is abnormal. Since the regulation of dendrite branching function by cypin is dependent on intracellular levels of cypin protein, idenitification of transcriptional regulators of cypin gene expression may elucidate how cypin regulates neurite development. Therefore, we also investigated how extracellular factors can regulate cypin expression. Our data show that in developing neurons, BDNF increases cypin protein via activation of the MEK pathway, and consequently, CREB transcription factor-dependent cypin gene expression. The discovery of intrinsic regulators of cypin expression aids in our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying dendritic patterning, and hence, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory.
Interaction of microwave filaments and blunt body in supersonic flow
Creators: name: Farzan, Farnaz
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Recent experiments have demonstrated the capability of pulsed microwave energy deposition for drag reduction in supersonic flows. The principal mechanism of this phenomenon is the interaction of the hot filaments generated by the microwave energy pulse with the shock system formed by the aerodynamic body. In this work, the filament is modeled as a thin fluid region of high temperature. The interaction of the filament(s) with a cylindrical body at Mach number 1.89 is examined using the unsteady Euler equations. Two filament structures are considered, namely, 1) an infinitely long filament, and 2) a periodic train of finite filaments (at different frequencies). The development of the flow structure during the interaction is investigated. Furthermore, the drag reduction effectiveness and efficiency of the process of the interaction of the microwave filament(s) with the cylindrical shock layer for each case are studied.
Paradromius Fowler 1887
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Nozari, Jamasb
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Paradromius

description: Genus Paradromius Fowler, 1887
Subgenus Manodromius Reitter, 1905
Paradromius (Manodromius) linearis linearis (Olivier, 1795) Citations: Kopet-Dagh Siaret 1160 m (Prov. of Golestan; Gueorguiev, 2011).
Paradromius (Manodromius) vagepictus vagepictus (Fairmaire, 1875) Citations: Felix (2009) cited the species for Iran based on a personal communication of Jan Muilwijk. This record should be confirmed.
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed & Nozari, Jamasb, 2015, Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4024 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4024.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/240494
A linear programming model for sequential testing
Creators: name: Fedzhora, Liliya
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: In this study, a linear programming model is formulated that finds an optimal strategy for many decision-making problems that typically arise in homeland security, banking, medicine, and engineering. We consider the problem of deploying a set of tests most effectively when the goal is to detect as many as possible "bad" objects among the vast majority of "good" ones, for example, in searching for contraband. The study assumes that functional dependency between test results and object type is unknown. The model finds an optimal testing strategy in the form of a decision tree that minimizes the expected cost given a detection rate or maximizes the detection rate given the budget. The mathematical basis for the model is a polyhedral description of all decision trees in higher dimensional space.Decision trees are widely used in data mining and machine learning. A notion of VCdimension is used to evaluate the bounds of the sample size required for the learning model. For some classes of Boolean functions VC-dimension is already known, for example, for monomials and threshold functions. In Chapter 10, the VC-dimension of Horn functions is derived, and also the VC-dimension of a more general class of k-quasi-Horn functions. In Chapter 11 we state and prove a criterion for k-quasi-Horn functions that generalizes McKinsey's theorem. Also, necessary and sufficient conditions for function to be bidual k-quasi-Horn are stated and proved.
Phrynocephalus ornatus subsp. vindumi Golubev 1998
Creators: name: Ananjeva, Natalia B.
name: Milto, Konstantin D.
name: Barabanov, Andrei V.
name: Golynsky, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Agamidae
Phrynocephalus
Phrynocephalus ornatus
Phrynocephalus ornatus vindumi golubev (1998: 163)

description: Phrynocephalus ornatus vindumi GOLUBEV (1998: 163)
Paratypes:
ZISP 8768.1 – 8768.7, 7 specimens: 2 adult males, 4 adult females, 1 subadult female, “Eastern Persia, Zirkuh, after Gyarmakh” [after Garmaab, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, approx. 33.92 N 59.82 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 30.VI.1896.
ZISP 9207.1 - 5, 5 adult specimens: 4 males, 1 female, “Eastern Persia, Zirkuh Region, Khous” [Khous, on the border of Razavi Khorasan and South Khorasan Provinces, Iran, approx. 33.9935 N 60.0126 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 18.IV.1898.
ZISP 9920.1 - 6, 6 adult males, “Eastern Persia, Neh-i-Bendan Region, Khadji-i-du-chaghi well” [Khvajeh Dow Chahi well, Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran, 31.87 N 60.52 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 2.VII.1901.
ZISP 9921.1 - 9, 9 juveniles. “Eastern Persia, Zirkuh Region, Bamrud aryk” [irrigation canal of Bamrud, South Khorasan Province, Iran, 33.64 N 60.08 E]. Leg: V. A. Zarudny, 20.VII.1901.
NMB (NMBA) 4950, 1 adult male, “Chous in terra Zirckuh (Iran)” [Khous, Zirkuh District, Ghayen County, Southern Khorasan Province, Iran, N 35.69 E 54.61, no exact collection date, no exact information about collector].
NMW 24796.1-2, adult male and female, “Ost Persien ” (= eastern Iran)” [Eastern Iran, no exact locality, no collection date, no exact information about collector].
ZMMGU 2114, adult male, “Eastern Persia ” [Eastern Iran, no exact locality, no collection date, no exact information about collector].
Present name: Phrynocephalus vindumi Golubev, 1998 fide Macey et al. (2018).
Remarks: The original description of this subspecies was based not only on Zarudny’s material.
description: Published as part of Ananjeva, Natalia B., Milto, Konstantin D., Barabanov, Andrei V. & Golynsky, Evgeny A., 2020, An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia, pp. 101-128 in Zootaxa 4722 (2) on page 112, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3605815
Panurginus obruchevi Romankova & Astafurova 2011
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus obruchevi

description: 27. Panurginus obruchevi Romankova & Astafurova, 2011
(Fig. 27a–h)
Panurginus obruchevi Romankova & Astafurova, 2011: 31, ♂.
Type locality: Urunkhaika, East Kazakhstan Province (Kazakhstan).
Published (original) locality: Eastern Azutau Ridge, Kazakhstan.
Holotype: ♂, ЮЗ Алтай, вост.[очный] хр.[ебет] АЗутау, 10 км ЮЗ Урунхайки [Kazakhstan, SW Altai, Eastern Azutau Ridge, 10 km SW of Urunkhaika, 48°48′N 86°01′E], h=2200–2300, альпика [alpine zone], 18.VI.1997, Р. Дудко, В. Зинченко leg. [R. Dudko, V. Zinchenko leg.] // Holotypus Panurginus obruchevi Romankova & Astafurova, 2011  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS _ HYM_0002559
Current status. Panurginus obruchevi Romankova & Astafurova, 2011.
Distribution. Kazakhstan (Romankova & Astafurova 2011).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 277, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Histological documentation and ecological implications of bulbils in Aconitum noveboracense  (Ranunculaceae), a federally protected, threatened plant species
Creators: name: Farrell, Bonnie A.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Aconitum noveboracense (northern monkshood) is a federally listed, threatened plant species endemic to the states of Iowa, Ohio, New York, and Wisconsin. The presence of bulbils in some populations of this species has been noted, but previously not investigated in detail. The anatomy of vegetative propagules produced in the leaf axils and bracts of A. noveboracense is presented. Microscopy observations confirm that the axillary propagules are bulbils.  Minute, fleshy, and imbricate leaves join at the base of a compressed stem and adventitious roots can develop while still attached to the parent. Vegetative propagation via bulbils occurs sporadically in A. noveboracense, and may have positive implications for its persistence by supplementing seed production and the formation of perennating daughter tubers.Keywords: Aconitum noveboracense, asexual reproduction, endangered species, North America, propagules, vegetative propagation.
Life events and illness labels moderate the effects of trait negative affect on symptom perception
Creators: name: Dunbar, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Objective: The relationship of trait negative affect (NA) to symptom reporting is well established in the literature. Recent evidence suggests that this relationship may be moderated by illness representations, suggesting that trait NA leads to a "chronic accessibility of illness representations." Method: This paper examined the process through which trait NA may influence symptoms and illness behavior by examining the effect of life events, trait NA, and illness labels on illness specific symptom reporting, psychosomatic symptom reporting, health anxiety and functional limitations among 554 elderly community dwelling adults. Results: The results showed a significant triple interaction of life events, trait NA and illness labels on psychosomatic symptom reporting, and functional limitations due to symptoms. Follow up analyses showed that individuals who were high in trait NA and had an illness label, reported greater psychosomatic symptom severity and functional limitations due to these symptoms after non-illness related life events. Conclusions: As opposed to a universal relationship of trait NA to symptoms, these findings provide evidence for the hypothesis that trait NA activates illness representations directing attention to perception of symptoms.
Panurginus picipes F. Morawitz 1889
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus picipes

description: 28. Panurginus picipes Morawitz, 1889
(Fig. 28a–f)
Panurginus picipes Morawitz, 1889: 358, ♂, nom. praeocc., nec. Cresson 1872.
Panurginus picitarsis Cockerell, 1912: 447, nom. nov. pro P. picipes Morawitz, 1889.
Type locality: Songpan, Sichuan (China).
Published (original) locality: “Sse-tschuan: Atu-Lunva”.
Holotype: ♂, Kansu, Atu-Lunva [China, Sichuan, river near Songpan, 32°44′N 103°44′E] // Panurginus picipes F. Morawitz, ♂ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекциЯ] Ф. Моравица [collection of F. Morawitz] // Holotypus Panurginus picipes F. Morawitz, ♂  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS _ HYM_0002691.
Current status. Panurginus picitarsis Cockerell, 1912 (according to Cockerell 1912: 447).
Distribution. China (Sichuan) (Morawitz 1889).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 278, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Three dimensional computational modeling and simulation of biological cells and capsules
Creators: name: Doddi, Sai
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Three-dimensional computational modeling and simulation are presented on the flow-induced motion of highly deformable particles which are representative of biological cells, such as red blood cells. We focus on the dynamics of capsules, that is, liquid drops surrounded by hyperelastic membranes. Unlike liquid drops where the fluid-fluid interface is characterized by isotropic surface tension, that for a capsule is governed by more complex constitutive laws. The numerical method is based on a front-tracking/immersed boundary method forcapsule deformation, and a finite-difference/fourier-transform method for the flow solver. The methodology is able to consider large deformation of capsules, capsule-capsule interaction, semi-dense suspension, and inertial effect. Using the simulation tool, we address a sequence of problems: (a) Capsule motion in wall-bounded pressure-driven flows: The motion of a capsule in a channel flow is investigated in absence of inertia and under large deformation. It is shown that a deformable capsule slowly drifts lateral to the flow and away from the wall while moving axially with the flow. Based on the theory of small deformation, and the present numerical results, an approximate expression for migration velocity under large deformation is developed. (b) Binary interaction in wall-bounded pressure-driven flows: Hydrodynamic interaction between two capsules in a channel flow is investigated in absence of inertia. Effect of wall proximity on the shear-induced diffusion process, in which one capsule rolls over the other, is studied for spherical and ellipsoidal resting shapes. (c) Effect of inertia on binary collision: Hydrodynamic interaction between two capsules in a linear shear flow is investigated in presence of inertia. The shear-induced diffusion process is shown to be absent. Instead, a new interaction mode is found in which the capsules engage in spiraling motion. (d) Simulation of semi-dense suspension: We then consider direct numerical simulations (DNS) of suspension of multiple capsules of spherical and biconcave resting shapes. Detailed analysis of the numerical results and their relevance to in vitro blood flow are presented. It is shown that the two-phase model of blood in microvessels underpredicts the DNS flow rate. We proceed to develop a three-layer model based on the microrheology extracted from the DNS, and show that it accurately predicts the DNS velocity.
Phrynocephalus raddei var. zarudnyi Nikolsky 1915
Creators: name: Ananjeva, Natalia B.
name: Milto, Konstantin D.
name: Barabanov, Andrei V.
name: Golynsky, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Agamidae
Phrynocephalus
Phrynocephalus raddei
Phrynocephalus raddei var. zarudnyi nikolsky (1915: 193)

description: Phrynocephalus raddei var. zarudnyi NIKOLSKY (1915: 193)
Lectotype (designated by Barabanov & Ananjeva, 2007):
ZISP 10722.1, adult male, “Kelif, Buchara orient.” [Kelif, Lebap Province, Turkmenistan, 37.36 N 66.31 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 2–4.V.1910.
Paralectotypes:
ZISP 10722.2 - 6, 5 specimens, “Kelif, Buchara orient.” [Kelif, Lebap Province, Turkmenistan, 37.36 N 66.31 E]. Leg: N. A. Zarudny, 2–4.V.1910.
Present name: Phrynocephalus raddei boettgeri Bedriaga in Nikolsky, 1905 fide Barabanov & Ananjeva (2007).
description: Published as part of Ananjeva, Natalia B., Milto, Konstantin D., Barabanov, Andrei V. & Golynsky, Evgeny A., 2020, An annotated type catalogue of amphibians and reptiles collected by Nikolay A Zarudny in Iran and Middle Asia, pp. 101-128 in Zootaxa 4722 (2) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4722.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3605815
Dromius Bonelli 1810
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Nozari, Jamasb
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Dromius

description: Genus Dromius Bonelli, 1810
Subgenus Dromius Bonelli, 1810
Dromius (Dromius) semiplagiatus Reitter, 1887 Studied material: (ZMTU): Khirood Forest, 2010 (Prov. of Mazandaran). Citations: New record for Iran.
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed & Nozari, Jamasb, 2015, Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4024 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4024.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/240494
Contribution tracking: participating in task-oriented dialogue under uncertainty
Creators: name: DeVault, David
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: The contribution of this dissertation is to show how interlocutors in dialogue can reason probabilistically about natural language interpretation, dialogue state (context), and natural language generation in a way that is consistent with three fundamental claims made by mainstream theories of pragmatic reasoning in human-human dialogue: 1. interlocutors track and exploit the evolving context to coordinate their individual contributions; 2. the current context depends on what the previous utterances of both interlocutors have meant (contributed); 3. what a speaker can recognizably mean (contribute) by a specific choice of words depends on the current context.Mainstream pragmatic theories depend on these assumptions to explain how a speaker can make linguistic choices that the hearer will interpret as intended, but these theories do not lend themselves to straightforward probabilistic reasoning. Engineering approaches to building dialogue systems implement straightforward probabilistic reasoning, but sacrifice one or more (sometimes all) of these fundamental aspects of pragmatic theory in order to do so. This dissertation shows how we can achieve the robustness and data-driven methodology enjoyed by engineering approaches while keeping our interlocutors on a sound theoretical footing, and thereby points the way toward a new class of dialogue systems that are empirically driven, that are robust pragmatic reasoners, and that exhibit human-like sensitivity to the ins and outs of language use in context.
A long slow tutelage in Western ways of work: industrial education and the containment of nationalism in Anglo-Iranian and ARAMCO, 1923-1963
Creators: name: Dobe, Michael Edward
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: This dissertation examines the historical processes through which two global petroleum companies developed a wide range of training and education programs within their concessions to enable the replacement of imported expatriate labor with skilled host country nationals. Whereas company historians and annuitants would later portray these programs as examples of wisdom and generosity, this study demonstrates that corporate agendas for human resource development were reactive and represented the companies' efforts to minimize capital outlayswhile retarding the growth of labor activism within the concessions.The British Petroleum Company, known first as the Anglo-Persian and then as the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), produced oil in commercial quantities within its Persian concession for an entire decade before initiating formal education and training programs forPersian staff in 1923.  The Arabian American Oil Company (Aramco) began commercial oil production within its Saudi Arabian concession in 1939 but only embarked upon an intensive training program for Arab labor ten years later.  The rise of political nationalism in combination with labor activism compelled both companies to establish, or financially support, dedicated training institutes for host country nationals along with elementary schools for the children of local employees and expatriate staff.Taking these gross similarities between AIOC and Aramco programs as a starting point for further comparative analysis, this study attemptsto explain the timing, influences, institutions and effects of these programs as they evolved within the local contexts of Southern Persia and Eastern Saudi Arabia.  As the first study to take an explicitly comparative approach to the history of education and training in the petroleum industry, this dissertation makes a unique historiographical contribution to the study of commerce on the global mineral frontier.Bringing to bear previously unused archival materials from participants in the ARAMCO training and education programs, and takinga fresh look at archival materials from the AIOC programs, it argues that the programs in AIOC and Aramco are two instances of a more general phenomenon in which global corporations were compelled by the politics of emergent nationalism and labor activism to develop human capital within their local operating environments.
Mechanistic studies of secondhand-smoke carcinogenicity
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) has been linked to lung cancer development. However, the extent to which lung cancer incidence depends upon SHS exposure remains elusive. This is mainly due to a lack of accurate exposure assessment for SHS, which is essential for estimating lung cancer risk. To develop biological markers, which can be used for assessing lung cancer risk in relation to SHS exposure, we will investigate the mechanisms of action of SHS of relevance for lung cancer. Generally, cancer-causing agents exert their effects through damaging DNA and/or changing gene regulation (collectively referred to as the ‘genotoxic’ and ‘epigenetic’ effects, respectively). We will investigate both the genotoxic and epigenetic effects of SHS in a validated mouse model system using state-of-the-art techniques that have been recently developed in our laboratory. By establishing the mechanisms involved in cancer-causing effects of SHS, these investigations will enable us to identify biological markers that can be used for assessing human lung cancer risk in relation to SHS exposure.
Role of nicotine and nAChRs in L-dopa-induced dyskinesias.
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a progressive neurodegeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons, which affects ~1% of the populations over the age of 60 years. Current therapy using dopamine replacement with L-dopa greatly improves parkinsonian symptoms, including akinesia, rigity, tremor and postural imbalance. However, most patients develop side effects, such as dyskinesias or abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) that can be as debilitating as the disease itself. Currently, the lack of treatment for dyskinesias limits the utility of L-dopa therapy for Parkinson’s disease. There are three strategies have been used to delay the onset of this motor complication. These include the use of dopamine receptor agonists, glutamate antagonists, and deep brain stimulation. However, these treatments either yield inconsistent improvement or lead to severe side effects. Since L-dopa is still the best treatment for Parkinson’s disease, therapies to prevent/reduce L-dopa-induced dyskinesias are being tested. Our recent studies show that nicotine, a component present in tobacco, reduces L-dopa-induced dyskinesias. Nicotine acts on multiple nicotinic receptors located at both central and peripheral sites, which results in the desired responses but also other effects. Interestingly, only select nAChR subtypes are expressed in the nigrostriatal pathway, the brain system relevant to Parkinson’s disease and L-dopa-induced dyskinesias. Thus, the goal of the present proposal is to identify the specific nicotinic receptor subtypes through which nicotine treatment reduces L-dopa-induced dyskinesias and the molecular mechanisms that are involved. To approach this, we will use nicotinic receptor subunit mutant mice. These include â2, á4, á6 and á7 subunit mutant mice, because nicotinic receptors containing these subunits are expressed in the nigrostriatal pathway linked to L-dopa-induced dyskinesias. These studies would provide information to identify the involvement of specific nicotinic receptor subtypes in nicotine-mediated antidyskinetic effect. In addition, we will also investigate the pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms whereby nicotine reduces L-dopa-induced dyskinesias. These include measures of dopamine levels and dopamine metabolism at presynaptic sites, as well as the changes in postsynaptic dopamine receptor-mediated signaling cascades such as protein kinase A (PKA) and dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 32 kDa (DARPP32). Taken together, this study will advance our knowledge of the roles of nicotinic receptor subtypes and their downstream signaling in development of L-dopa-induced dyskinesias forParkinson’s disease. The outcomes of these experiments have important implications for the development of therapeutic strategies for L-dopa-induced dyskinesias.
Philorhizus Hope 1838
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Nozari, Jamasb
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Philorhizus

description: Genus Philorhizus Hope, 1838
Philorhizus notatus (Stephens, 1827)
Studied material: (ZMTU): Khirood forest, 2012 (Prov. of Mazandaran). Citations: New record for Iran.
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed & Nozari, Jamasb, 2015, Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4024 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4024.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/240494
Panurginus pictipes F. Morawitz 1894
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Panurginus
Panurginus pictipes

description: 29. Panurginus pictipes Morawitz, 1894
(Fig. 29a–g)
Panurginus pictipes Morawitz, 1894: 52, ♂, nom. praeocc., nec Epimethea pictipes Morawitz, 1875.
Panurginus morawitzii Friese, 1897: 20, nom. nov. pro Panurginus pictipes (Morawitz, 1894).
Type locality: Germab, Akhal Province (Turkmenistan).
Published (original) locality: “Germab”.
Holotype: ♂, Germab. [Turkmenistan, Akhal Province, Germab, 38°00′N 57°44′E] // Panurginus pictipes F. Morawitz, ♂ [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // к.[оллекциЯ] Ф. Моравица [collection of F. Morawitz] // Holotypus Panurginus pictipes Morawitz, 1894  // Zoological Institute St. Petersburg INS_HYM_0002503.
Current status. Panurginus morawitzii Friese, 1897 (according to Friese 1897: 20).
Remarks. H. Friese replaced Panurginus pictipes Morawitz, 1894 in 1897. The two taxa are no longer considered congeneric, but the substitute name is in use. Therefore, the name Panurginus pictipes Morawitz, 1894 is permanently invalid (Article 59.3 of ICZN 1999).
Distribution. Turkmenistan (Morawitz 1894).
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, The type specimens of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Contribution VIII. Family Andrenidae, subfamily Panurginae, pp. 251-293 in Zootaxa 5541 (3) on page 279, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5541.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14241042
Essays in empirical international trade
Creators: name: Fonseca, Ethel M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: This dissertation brings together three empirical studies of international trade issues covering trade policy reforms, trade patterns and the duration of trade relationships in Latin American countries. In the first essay, we review export activities in Brazil since the 1990s, describing changes in export basket composition and diversification of destination markets. Using highly disaggregated trade data, we decompose export growth into the extensive margin (exports of new goods) and the intensive margin (more exports of established goods). We then estimate a probabilistic model of export decisions to investigate whether previous export experience in proximate markets contributes to the shipment of new goods to a trade partner. We find that prior export experience in neighboring countries has a small, positive effect on the probability of exporting in the future. As far as export promotion is concerned, this suggests that new trade relationships should be formed with countries within regions where previous export experience exists. After describing, in the first essay, what products and to what countries Brazil exports, in the second essay we study how long trade relationships last. We characterize the duration of trade relationships by investigating the length of time until Brazil stops exporting a good to a country and whether exports of particular products or to particular markets last longer than others. Our results indicate that trade relationships have a very short life, with a median duration of only 2 years. We add to the list of trade policy recommendations on export promotion by suggesting that instead of encouraging new relationships it might be better to prevent the existing ones from ending too soon. In the last essay, we study trade issues in another Latin American country. We perform a quantitative analysis of the impact of various trade policies on international trade patterns, domestic prices and poverty in Bolivia. With a unique dataset combining trade data with survey data at the household level, we simulate the magnitude of a variety of trade shocks using a partial-equilibrium model, feed these shocks into price and quantity changes, and finally feed these price and quantity changes into household incomes and expenditures.
Petroleum refining processes
Creators: name: Hadzihafizovic, Dzevad
Publisher: name: Dzevad Hadzihafizovic's Lab
Year: 2024

description: Petroleum refining processes

The refining process begins with crude oil. Crude oil is unrefined liquid petroleum. Crude oil is composed of thousands of different chemical compounds called hydrocarbons, all with different boiling points. Science — combined with an infrastructure of pipelines, refineries, and transportation systems - enables crude oil to be transformed into useful and affordable products.

Refining turns crude oil into usable products. Petroleum refining separates crude oil into components used for a variety of purposes. The crude petroleum is heated and the hot gases are passed into the bottom of a distillation column. As the gases move up the height of the column, the gases cool below their boiling point and condense into a liquid. The liquids are then drawn off the distilling column at specific heights to obtain fuels like gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fuel.

The liquids are processed further to make more gasoline or other finished products. Some of the liquids undergo additional processing after the distillation process to create other products. These processes include: cracking, which is breaking down large molecules of heavy oils; reforming, which is changing molecular structures of low-quality gasoline molecules; and isomerization, which is rearranging the atoms in a molecule so that the product has the same chemical formula but has a different structure. These processes ensure that every drop of crude oil in a barrel is converted into a usable product.