cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The advantages of proactive management over reactive regulations for implementing accountability in the US sea scallop fishery
Creators: name: O’Keefe, Catherine E.
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Management of US marine fisheries is based on annual catch limits (ACLs) as output controls for all fish stocks, and accountability measures (AMs) to ensure ACLs are not exceeded. The Atlantic sea scallop fishery, valued at US$350 million, has an ACL for the target species determined by an examination of foregone yield from the fishery in contrast to the probability of exceeding the overfishing limit. In addition, there is a sub‐ACL of yellowtail flounder, a rebuilding stock of lower monetary value, which is encountered as non‐targeted bycatch in the scallop fishery. When the yellowtail flounder sub‐ACL is exceeded, AMs force in‐season closure of prime scallop grounds and subsequent year closures of large areas. These reactive AMs were designed using scientific advice about bycatch rates and regulatory mandates for the rebuilding flounder stock. The AMs ignore socio‐economic incentives to reduce bycatch through altered fishing behaviour. The narrow focus on punitive AMs, rather than proactive and preventive measures increases the likelihood that ACLs will be exceeded regularly, with no conservation benefit to yellowtail flounder and large economic costs to the scallop fishery. Innovative measures for voluntary bycatch avoidance, such as real‐time communications and gear modifications could be expanded to achieve both the conservation and socio‐economic goals of the fishery. This case study examines the roles of science, management, and industry stakeholders in determining AMs for the yellowtail flounder sub‐ACL to the scallop fishery, focusing on successful strategies and persistent problems.
Two-Dimensional Electron-Hole Systems in a Strong Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Quinn, John J.
name: Wojs, Arkadiusz
name: Szlufarska, Izabela
name: Yi, Kyung-Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional systems containing Ne electrons and Nh holes (Ne>Nh) strongly correlated through Coulomb interactions in the presence of a large magnetic field are studied by exact numerical diagonalization. Low lying states are found to contain neutral (X0) and negatively charged (X-) excitons and higher charged exciton complexes (Xk-, a bound state of k neutral excitons and an electron). Representing these states in terms of angular momenta and binding energies of the different exciton complexes, and the pseudopotentials describing their interactions with electrons and with one another, permits numerical studies of systems that are too large to investigate in terms of individual electrons and holes. Laughlin incompressible ground states of such a multi-component plasma are found. A generalized composite Fermion picture based on Laughlin type correlations is proposed. It is shown to correctly predict the lowest band of angular momentum multiplets for different charge configurations of the system for any value of the magnetic field.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures (RevTeX+epsf); talk at NATO ARW
From $b \to s γ$ to the LSP Detection Rates in Minimal String Unification Models
Creators: name: Khalil, Shaaban
name: Masiero, Antonio
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the measured branching ratio for $b \rightarrow sγ$ to derive lower limits on the sparticle and Higgs masses in the minimal string unification models. For the LSP('bino'), chargino and the lightest Higgs, these turn out to be 50, 90 and 75 GeV respectively. Taking account of the upper bounds on the mass spectrum from the LSP relic abundance, we estimate the direct detection rate for the latter to vary from 10^{-1} to 10^{-4} events/kg/day. The muon flux, produced by neutrinos from the annihilating LSP's, varies in the range 10^{-2} - 10^{-9} muons/m^2/day.
description: Latex, 20 pages
Language learning strategy profile of monolingual and multilingual EFL learners
Creators: name: Mitits, Lydia
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 2016
Subjects: SILL; multilingualism; language learning strategies

description: The present study investigates possible differences in language learning strategy (LLS) use between monolingual (L1 Greek) and multilingual (L1 non-Greek) early adolescent learners. The participants were junior high school learners (932 monolinguals and 307 multilinguals) who completed an adapted self-report questionnaire. Both groups responded to the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) Version 7.0 (Oxford, 1990) about their language learning strategies when learning English. The multilingual group then completed another SILL reporting on the strategies they used when learning/using Greek. The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics and t-tests. The findings showed statistically significant differences between monolinguals and multilinguals concerning individual strategies and strategy categories in favor of multilinguals as well as multilinguals’ transfer of strategies from Greek to English and vice versa.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 21 (2016): Selected Papers on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics from ISTAL, Thessaloniki 5-7 April 2013
Spectroscopy of Stringy Black Hole
Creators: name: Sakallı, İzzet
name: Tokgöz, Gülnihal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maggiore's method, which evaluates the transition frequency that appears in the adiabatic invariant from the highly damped modes, is used to investigate the entropy/area spectra of the Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger black hole (GHS-BH). We compute the resonance modes of the GHS-BH by using the confined scalar waves having high azimuthal quantum number. Although the area and entropy are characterized by the GHS-BH parameters, their quantizations are shown to be independent of those parameters. However, both spectra are equally spaced.
description: Some typos have been fixed. 8 pages & 1 figure. The 10th International Physics Conference of the Balkan Physical Union (BPU10), 26-30 August 2018. To be published in AIP Conference Proceedings in April 2019
Farming with pollards
Creators: name: Colin, Juliette
name: van Lerberghe, Philippe
name: Balaguer, Fabien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Pollarding

description: Pollarding trees optimises renewable biomass production and facilitates local production of firewood, ramial chipped wood (RCW), lumber and fodder. Harvest occurs over decades, depending on the chosen frequency of pruning and utilization. Many tree varieties can be pollarded to provide a range of products. Pollarded trees have an increased lifespan. As their growth is limited, they better resist wind and drought, and this may be of particular benefit in global warming conditions. Old pollards use compartmentation to ensure living cells are protected from diseases and dead cells in the middle of the trunk. The tree trunks, and even the roots, are also great biodiversity habitats for flora and fauna.
Phonon-phason coupling in icosahedral quasicrystals
Creators: name: Zhu, W. -J.
name: Henley, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From relaxation simulations of decoration-based quasicrystal structure models using microscopically based interatomic pair potentials, we have calculated the (usually neglected) phonon-phason coupling constant. Its sign is opposite for the two alloys studied, i-AlMn and i-(Al,Cu)Li; a dimensionless measure of its magnitude relative to the phonon and phason elastic constants is of order 1/10, suggesting its effects are small but detectable. We also give a criterion for when phonon-phason effects are noticeable in diffuse tails of Bragg peaks.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX, uses Europhys Lett macros (included)
Depinning transition and thermal fluctuations in the random-field Ising model
Creators: name: Roters, L.
name: Hucht, A.
name: Lubeck, S.
name: Nowak, U.
name: Usadel, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the depinning transition of a driven interface in the 3d random-field Ising model (RFIM) with quenched disorder by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The interface initially built into the system is perpendicular to the [111]-direction of a simple cubic lattice. We introduce an algorithm which is capable of simulating such an interface independent of the considered dimension and time scale. This algorithm is applied to the 3d-RFIM to study both the depinning transition and the influence of thermal fluctuations on this transition. It turns out that in the RFIM characteristics of the depinning transition depend crucially on the existence of overhangs. Our analysis yields critical exponents of the interface velocity, the correlation length, and the thermal rounding of the transition. We find numerical evidence for a scaling relation for these exponents and the dimension d of the system.
description: 6 pages, including 9 figures, submitted for publication
title: Developing science for result-based management in fisheries- a digression?
Creators: name: Schou, Mogens
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Biological and economic fisheries science and advice are serving public management rather than private exploitation of fisheries resources. Management regulates the fisher’s choice of methods, technology, area, and level of activity with increasing detail, thus fuelling the demand for such science. Basically, present management is aimed at reducing the gap between registered catches (landings) and total catches and at targeting larger fish. Management needs time to prepare and legislate and it regulates with rigid and uniform rules. This leaves little room for the industry to adapt to the dynamics of resource utilization opportunities. In contrast, results‐based management sets the targets (catch quotas, where all fish count on the fishers quota), and leaves the choice of method in harvesting to the exploiter, together with the obligation to document (by e‐log and CCTV) that targets are observed. As the EU considers results‐based management in the form of full catch accountability, science might look at the opportunities of such management. It is concerned with comparing the ability of results‐based management vis‐à‐vis regulatory management to optimize food output in an environment where the ideal harvesting pattern is highly complex and variable. It is also concerned with developing approaches and tools for the industry to continuously improve the results of the output. This paper points to possible science topics and areas that could contribute to the development and optimization of results‐based management, such as biological/hydrographic, economics/market, optimal management models, and technology/methods.
Knotting statistics for polygons in lattice tubes
Creators: name: Beaton, Nicholas R.
name: Eng, Jeremy W.
name: Soteros, Christine E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study several related models of self-avoiding polygons in a tubular subgraph of the simple cubic lattice, with a particular interest in the asymptotics of the knotting statistics. Polygons in a tube can be characterised by a finite transfer matrix, and this allows for the derivation of pattern theorems, calculation of growth rates and exact enumeration. We also develop a static Monte Carlo method which allows us to sample polygons of a given size directly from a chosen Boltzmann distribution. Using these methods we accurately estimate the growth rates of unknotted polygons in the $2\times1\times\infty$ and $3\times1\times\infty$ tubes, and confirm that these are the same for any fixed knot-type $K$. We also confirm that the entropic exponent for unknots is the same as that of all polygons, and that the exponent for fixed knot-type $K$ depends only on the number of prime factors in the knot decomposition of $K$. For the simplest knot-types, this leads to a good approximation for the polygon size at which the probability of the given knot-type is maximized, and in some cases we are able to sample sufficiently long polygons to observe this numerically.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures
Consistency of the Baryon-Multimeson Amplitudes for Large-N_c QCD
Creators: name: Lam, C. S.
name: Liu, K. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pion-baryon scattering process $π+B \to (n-1)π+B$ in a QCD theory with a large number (N_c) of colors. It is known that this scattering amplitudes decreases with N_c like N_c^{1-n/2}, and that its individual tree diagrams grow like N_c^{n/2}. The only way these two can be consistent is for n-1 powers of N_c to be cancelled when the Feynman diagrams are summed. We prove this to be true in tree order for any n.
description: latex file with two postscript figures
Economic strain and foreign language attainment: A Polish perspective
Creators: name: Piechurska-Kuciel, Ewa
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 2016
Subjects: economic strain; financial problems; foreign language attainment; support system; economic crisis

description: Foreign language learning is not only a personal endeavor, but also an activity that takes place within a social support system. In times of economic crisis adverse economic conditions handicap parents’ educational investments. For this reason a student’s development of foreign language skills, limited to the school context, may suffer. This study sheds more light on the experience and effect of economic strain in Polish secondary grammar school students who learn English as a foreign language. The results corroborate studies in the field and demonstrate that high achievers have low perceptions of economic strain.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 21 (2016): Selected Papers on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics from ISTAL, Thessaloniki 5-7 April 2013
Voting on the threat of exclusion in a public goods experiment
Creators: name: Dannenberg, Astrid
name: Haita-Falah, Corina
name: Zitzelsberger, Sonja
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: public goods experiment
subject: cooperation
subject: ostracism
subject: institutional choice
subject: social preferences
subject: 330

description: European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 program, action ERC-2014-STG, Project HUCO, grant number 636746.
Towards Smart City Innovation Under the Perspective of Software-Defined Networking, Artificial Intelligence and Big Data
Creators: name: Martins, Joberto S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; I.2

description: Smart city projects address many of the current problems afflicting high populated areas and cities and, as such, are a target for government, institutions and private organizations that plan to explore its foreseen advantages. In technical terms, smart city projects present a complex set of requirements including a large number users with highly different and heterogeneous requirements. In this scenario, this paper proposes and analyses the impact and perspectives on adopting software-defined networking and artificial intelligence as innovative approaches for smart city project development and deployment. Big data is also considered as an inherent element of most smart city project that must be tackled. A framework layered view is proposed with a discussion about software-defined networking and machine learning impacts on innovation followed by a use case that demonstrates the potential benefits of cognitive learning for smart cities. It is argued that the complexity of smart city projects do require new innovative approaches that potentially result in more efficient and intelligent systems.
description: 8 pages
The choice of institutions to solve cooperation problems: a survey of experimental research
Creators: name: Dannenberg, Astrid
name: Gallier, Carlo
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Literature review
subject: Experiments
subject: Cooperation
subject: Public goods
subject: Endogenous institutional choice
subject: Voting
subject: 330

description: European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 program, action ERC-2014-STG, Project HUCO, grant numer 636746
title: A communicative turnaround: Shifting the burden of proof in European fisheries governance
Creators: name: Jentoft, Sebastian LinkeSvein
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Current changes in European fisheries governance suggest speaking not only of a ”communicative turn” but a complete turnaround in the communication approaches various actors will face. Recent reform attempts for stakeholder participation in the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) with Regional Advisory Councils and the idea to replace the burden of proof on the resource users (fishing industry) in the context of the next CFP reform imply completely new demands for the interaction between fishers and other stakeholders (e.g. NGOs), policy‐makers, and scientists. This paper addresses this shift from a traditional linear science–policy interface (ICES–EU Commission) towards a more interactive governance system with regard to the communication and negotiation strategies of different stakeholder groups. For example, fisheries and NGOs would need the help of scientists to prove a particular management strategy workable, while policy‐makers and management agencies need science to prove that this proposal does or does not work. Furthermore, the paper will also discuss novelties, demands, and challenges arising from the ”communicative turnaround” for a transdisciplinary science (advice) system.
Investigating the impact of learning conditions on young learners’ attitudes and motivation to learn English as a foreign language
Creators: name: Sougari, Areti-Maria
name: Hovhannisyan, Iren
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 2016
Subjects: learners’ attitudes and motivation; learning conditions

description: This paper investigates young learners’ attitudes towards learning English as a foreign language (EFL) under different learning conditions. It reports on the findings of a quantitative study conducted between two comparable groups of Greek young learners (N=88), following English instruction, while attending Grade 6 in two primary schools with quite distinct approaches to teaching English. The data was collected with the help of a questionnaire, which explored the learners’ attitudes towards the English language and learning English as well as their motivation to learn English. The results illustrate clearly that favourable learning conditions can spur learners’ positive disposition towards the process of language learning at school.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 21 (2016): Selected Papers on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics from ISTAL, Thessaloniki 5-7 April 2013
The relative influence of animacy, givenness, and focus on word order in Croatian ditransitive structures
Creators: name: Velnić, Marta
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 2019
Subjects: word order, ditransitives, givenness, focus, animacy, Croatian, acceptability judgment task

description: This paper aims to investigate how animacy, givenness, and focus influence word order in Croatian, as previous research has found that these factors have an effect on word order Eighty-two participants completed an acceptability judgment task. The results showed, as expected, that animacy and givenness influence the animate/given object to precede the inanimate/new object, while focus provides the opposite effect. Focus is stronger than animacy because animacy has an influence only when focus is absent. Givenness has a weaker effect than the other factors because when animacy is balanced, there is a general preference for direct-indirect order. We thus reveal that these three factors are ordered hierarchically in the following way: focus > animacy > givenness.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 23 (2019): Selected Papers on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics from 23rd ISTAL, Thessaloniki 31 March - 2 April 2017
From compositional to systematic semantics
Creators: name: Zadrozny, Wlodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove a theorem stating that any semantics can be encoded as a compositional semantics, which means that, essentially, the standard definition of compositionality is formally vacuous. We then show that when compositional semantics is required to be "systematic" (that is, the meaning function cannot be arbitrary, but must belong to some class), it is possible to distinguish between compositional and non-compositional semantics. As a result, we believe that the paper clarifies the concept of compositionality and opens a possibility of making systematic formal comparisons of different systems of grammars.
description: 11 pp. Latex.;
Key challenges of orchard grazing
Creators: name: McAdam, Jim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Grazed orchards
Apple orchards
Sheep
Bush apple orchards

description: The potential benefits from grazing apple orchards with sheep include a reduction in mowing costs and an additional source of grass for the sheep. The sheep can promote nutrient cycling and can benefit fromthe shelter in winter.

However, introducing sheep to an orchard is not suitable in all cases and sometimes it is the wrong thing to do. This leaflet describes some of the issues to consider before introducing sheep.
Viscous Self Interacting Dark Matter Cosmology For Small Redshift
Creators: name: Atreya, Abhishek
name: Bhatt, Jitesh R.
name: Mishra, Arvind Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscosity of dark matter in cosmological models may cause an accelerated expansion and when this effect is sufficiently large, it can explain the dark energy. In this work, attributing the origin of viscosity to self-interaction of dark matter, we study the viscous cosmology at small redshift $(0\leq z\leq2.5)$. Assuming the cluster scale to be virialized and by modeling a power law behavior of velocity gradients, we calculate the Hubble expansion rate, $H(z)$ and the deceleration parameter, $q(z)$. We then perform a $χ^{2}$ analysis to estimate the best fit model parameters. By using the best fit values, we explain the cosmic chronometer and type Ia supernova data. We conclude that if the dissipative effects become prominent only at the late time of cosmic evolution and are smaller at higher redshift, we can explain the observational data without requiring any dark energy component. Our analysis is independent of any specific model of self interacting dark matter.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Comments are welcome
Critical point for the strong field magnetoresistance of a normal conductor/perfect insulator/perfect conductor composite with a random columnar microstructure
Creators: name: Bergman, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently developed self-consistent effective medium approximation, for composites with a columnar microstructure, is applied to such a three-constituent mixture of isotropic normal conductor, perfect insulator, and perfect conductor, where a strong magnetic field {\bf B} is present in the plane perpendicular to the columnar axis. When the insulating and perfectly conducting constituents do not percolate in that plane, the microstructure-induced in-plane magnetoresistance is found to saturate for large {\bf B}, if the volume fraction of the perfect conductor $p_S$ is greater than that of the perfect insulator $p_I$. By contrast, if $p_S
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Socio-economic, political, and institutional sustainability of agroforestry in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala
Creators: name: Nicli, Sara
name: Mantilla-Contreras, Jasmin
name: Moya Fernandez, Roberto Waldemar
name: Schermer, Markus
name: Unger, David
name: Wolf, Saskia
name: Zerbe, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cardamom
subject: cocoa
subject: infrastructure
subject: smallholdings
subject: sustainable rural livelihood
subject: vanilla
subject: 630

description: Gedruckte Ausg. im Verlag Kassel Univ. Press (www.upress.uni-kassel.de) erschienen.
Isonicotinamide-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters as Fluorescent Probes for the Determination of 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol
Creators: name: Zeng, Chao
name: Xie, Chenxia
name: Zhang, Min
name: Cao, Chengdu
name: Guo, Luohua
name: Wang, Miao
name: Zhuang, Qianfen
name: Wang, Yong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Water-soluble isonicotinamide-stabilized fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) were synthesized in one step and used as fluorescent probes for the sensitive and selective determination of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). The AuNCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence of the isonicotinamide-stabilized AuNCs was quenched by TNP that follows a linear relationship with the TNP concentration from 0.2 to 20 µM. The sensor provides a low detection limit of 0.06 µM. By using absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime, the fluorescence quenching mechanism was demonstrated to be due to the inner filter effect between AuNCs and TNP. The sensor was successfully employed for TNP determination in water samples.
Ways of wh-scope marking: Evidence from Greek
Creators: name: Vlachos, Christos
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 2019
Subjects: selection, movement, reconstruction, wh-scope marking, wh-slifting

description: Commencing from Greek, in this paper, I provide further empirical support to a recent treatment of wh-slifting as an instance of wh-scope marking with evidential properties (reminiscent of parenthetical constructions). Within this context, Greek wh-slifting is comparable to its English counterpart, which in turn forms a minimal pair with German wh-Integrated Parenthetical configurations.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 23 (2019): Selected Papers on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics from 23rd ISTAL, Thessaloniki 31 March - 2 April 2017
Optimal stochastic unraveling of disordered open quantum systems: application to driven-dissipative photonic lattices
Creators: name: Vicentini, Filippo
name: Minganti, Fabrizio
name: Biella, Alberto
name: Orso, Giuliano
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an efficient numerical method to compute configuration averages of observables in disordered open quantum systems whose dynamics can be unraveled via stochastic trajectories. We prove that the optimal sampling of trajectories and disorder configurations is simply achieved by considering one random disorder configuration for each individual trajectory. As a first application, we exploit the present method to the study the role of disorder on the physics of the driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard model in two different regimes: (i) for strong interactions, we explore the dissipative physics of fermionized bosons in disordered one-dimensional chains; (ii) for weak interactions, we investigate the role of on-site inhomogeneities on a first-order dissipative phase transition in a two-dimensional square lattice.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 99 references, version accepted on PRA
Gaia DR2 reveals a star formation burst in the disc 2-3 Gyr ago
Creators: name: Mor, R.
name: Robin, A. C.
name: Figueras, F.
name: Roca-Fàbrega, S.
name: Luri, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Gaia DR2 magnitudes, colours and parallaxes for stars with G<12 to explore a 15-dimensional space that includes simultaneously the initial mass function (IMF) and a non-parametric star formation history (SFH) for the Galactic disc. This inference is performed by combining the Besancon Galaxy Model fast approximate simulations (BGM FASt) and an approximate Bayesian computation algorithm. We find in Gaia DR2 data an imprint of a star formation burst 2-3 Gyr ago, in the Galactic thin disc domain, and a present star formation rate (SFR) of about 1 Msun. Our results show a decreasing trend of the SFR from 9-10 Gyr to 6-7 Gyr ago. This is consistent with the cosmological star formation quenching observed at redshifts z<1.8. This decreasing trend is followed by a SFR enhancement starting at about 5 Gyr ago and continuing until about 1 Gyr ago which is detected with high statistical significance by discarding the null hypothesis of an exponential SFH with a p-value=0.002. We estimate, from our best fit model, that about the 50% of the mass used to generate stars, along the thin disc life, was expended in the period from 5 to 1 Gyr ago. The timescale and the amount of stellar mass generated during the SFR enhancement event lead us to hypothesise that its origin, currently under investigation, is not intrinsic to the disc. Thus, an external perturbation is needed for its explanation. Additionally we find, for the thin disc, a slope of the IMF of $α_3 \approx 2$ for masses M>1.53 Msun and $α_2 \approx 1.3$ for the mass range between 0,5 and 1,53 Msun. This is the first time that we consider a non-parametric SFH for the thin disc in the Besancon Galaxy Model. This new step, together with the capabilities of the Gaia DR2 parallaxes to break degeneracies between different stellar populations, allow us to better constrain the SFH and the IMF.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication to A&A letters
title: Fisheries ecosystem plans: how will they work and what data do we need?
Creators: name: Bloomfield, H. J.
name: Piet, G.
name: Armstrong, C.
name: Aanesen, M.
name: Le Quesne, W.
name: Connolly, P.
name: Nolan, C.
name: Raakjær, J.
name: Röckman, C.
name: Hegland, T. J.
name: Velasco, F.
name: van Hal, R.
name: Borges, M. F.
name: M. R. Pinho, L. van Hoof
name: Christensen, A.
name: Porteiro, C.
name: Ounanian, K.
name: Hilly, C.
name: Duchene, J.
name: Frid, C. L. J.
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Green Paper on the Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy identified the need for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM), stated an intention to move towards a longer term approach to fisheries management, and made commitments to greater stakeholder involvement and management to support the three pillars of sustainability: ecological, social, and economic. The proposed transition would have considerable implications for the knowledge base required to underpin management and the need for approaches to integrate data from the three pillars. Through structured interaction with stakeholders (interviews and workshops) the Making European Fisheries Ecosystem Plans Operational (MEFEPO) project has developed operational fisheries ecosystem plans (FEPs) for three regional seas (North Sea, Northwest Waters, and Southwest Waters) to support this transition. Central to the FEPs is an objectives‐by‐management scenario planning matrix that can be used to explore the potential impacts of different combinations of management measures on ecological, social, and economic descriptors. This management support tool is demonstrated using case study fisheries within each regional sea and gaps in knowledge (ecological, social, and economic), which may limit our ability to successfully implement EBFM, were identified. The increase in data requirements for EBFM has consequences for those providing the data, in the skill base and resources required to identify, collect, and analyse appropriate data and provide advice.
The Rhythms of Transient Relationships: Allocating time between weekdays and weekends
Creators: name: Hidd, Valentín Vergara
name: Zhang, Mailun
name: Centellegher, Simone
name: Roberts, Sam G. B.
name: Lepri, Bruno
name: López, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental question of any new relationship is, will it last? Transient relationships, recently defined by the authors, are an ideal type of social tie to explore this question: these relationships are characterized by distinguishable starting and ending temporal points, linking the question of tie longevity to relationship finite lifetime. In this study, we use mobile phone data sets from the UK and Italy to analyze the weekly allocation of time invested in maintaining transient relationships. We find that more relationships are created during weekdays, with a greater proportion of them receiving more contact during these days of the week in the long term. The smaller group of relationships that receive more phone calls during the weekend tend to remain active for more time. We uncover a sorting process by which some ties are moved from weekdays to weekends and vice versa, mostly in the first half of the relationship. This process also carries more information about the ultimate lifetime of a tie than the part of the week when the relationship started, which suggests an early evaluation period that leads to a decision on how to allocate time to different types of transient ties.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Submitted for review at Royal Society Open Science R1
Limit on the population of repeating fast radio bursts from the ASKAP/CRAFT lat50 survey
Creators: name: James, Clancy W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented to limit the volumetric density of repeating fast radio bursts based on the number (or lack) of repeating bursts identified in a survey. The method incorporates the instantaneous sensitivity of the instrument, its beam pattern, and the dwell time per pointing, as well as the energy and timing distribution of repeat bursts. Applied to the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder's (ASKAP's) Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients (CRAFT) `lat50' survey, the presence of an FRB similar to FRB 121102 is excluded within a volume of $1.9 \cdot 10^6$ Mpc$^3$ at 95% confidence level (C.L.). Assuming a burst energy cut-off at $10^{42}$ erg, the 95% C.L. upper limit on the population density of repeating FRBs in the current epoch is $27$ Gpc$^{-3}$, assuming isotropic (unbeamed) emission. This number is much lower than expected from even rare scenarios such as magnetar formation in gamma-ray bursts. Furthermore, the maximally allowed population under-predicts the observed number of single bursts in the survey. Comparisons with the observed dispersion measure distribution favours a larger population of less rapidly repeating objects, or the existence of a second population of non-repeating FRBs. In any scenario, FRB 121102 must be an atypical object.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables
Microwave control of thermal magnon spin transport
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Feringa, Frank
name: Flebus, Benedetta
name: Cornelissen, Ludo J.
name: Leutenantsmeyer, Johannes C.
name: Duine, Rembert A.
name: van Wees, Bart J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe that an rf microwave field strongly influences the transport of incoherent thermal magnons in yttrium iron garnet. Ferromagnetic resonance in the nonlinear regime suppresses thermal magnon transport by 95%. The transport is also modulated at non-resonant conditions in two cases, both related to the magnon band minimum. Firstly, a strong enhancement of the nonlocal signal appears at a static magnetic field below the resonance condition. This increase only occurs at one field polarity and can be as large as 800%. We attribute this effect to magnon kinetic processes, which give rise to band-minimum magnons and high-energy chiral surface modes. Secondly, the signal increases at a static field above the resonance condition, where the rf frequency coincides with the magnon band minimum. Our study gives insight into the interplay between coherent and incoherent spin dynamics: The rf field modifies the occupation of relevant magnon states and, via kinetic processes, the magnon spin transport.
Exact ground and excited states of a t-J ladder doped with two holes
Creators: name: Bose, Indrani
name: Gayen, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two chain ladder model is considered described by the strong coupling $t-t^\prime-J-J^\prime$ Hamiltonian. For the case of two holes moving in a background of antiferromagnetically interacting spins, exact, analytical results are derived for the ground state energy and low-lying excitation spectrum. The ground state is a bound state of two holes with total spin S=0. The charge excitation is gapless and the spin excitation has a gap. The corresponding wavefunctions are also exactly determined. The bound hole pair is found to have symmetry of the d-wave type. In the limit of strong rung coupling, the model maps onto an effective hard core boson model which exhibits dominant superconducting pairing correlations.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages, 5 PS figures, accepted in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Far-Infrared Spectroscopy in Spin-Peierls Compound CuGeO_3 under High Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Takehana, K.
name: Takamasu, T.
name: Hase, M.
name: Kido, G.
name: Uchinokura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopic measurements and FIR magneto-optical studies were performed on the inorganic spin-Peierls compound CuGeO_3. An absorption line, which was found at 98 cm$^{-1}$ in the dimerized phase (D phase), was assigned to a folded phonon mode of B$_{3u}$ symmetry. The splitting of the folded mode into two components in the incommensurate phase (IC phase) has been observed for the first time. A new broad absorption centered at 63 cm$^{-1}$ was observed only in the ${\bf E}\parallel b$ axis polarization, which was assigned to a magnetic excitation from singlet ground state to a continuum state.
description: 9 pages multicolREVTeX, 10 figures
Automatisierte Mustererkennung in Zeitreihen zur selbstlernenden Leistungsüberwachung von Produktionsanlagen
Creators: name: Seevers, Jan-Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: unüberwachte maschinelle Lernverfahren
subject: univariate Zeitreihensegmentierung
subject: Betriebszustandserkennung
subject: Condition Monitoring
subject: Energiemonitoring
subject: 620
subject: Maschinelles Lernen
subject: Zeitreihe
subject: Segmentierung
subject: Betriebszustand
subject: Zustandsüberwachung
subject: Monitoring
subject: Energie

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2020
Data files and codes for: A graph-based algorithm for RNA-seq data normalization
Creators: name: Tran, Diem-Trang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: R notebooks (source code and pre-compiled HTML) for the analyses described in the paper: Interpreting cdev as the variance of random noise, `condition-number.Rmd` The effect of normalization on the outcome of batch effect removal, `cross-species-reanalysis.Rmd` Pre-computed normalized counts used in (2), stored in a R data object, `stanford-normalized.RDS`
title: The COEXIST project governance of fisheries and aquaculture for integrating management and science
Creators: name: O’Hagan, Anne Marie
name: O’Donnell, Vicki
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.COEXIST is a broad, multidisciplinary EU FP7 project, with 13 partners from 11 countries, tasked with evaluating competing activities and interactions in European coastal areas. The goal of COEXIST is to provide a roadmap to better integration, sustainability, and synergies across the diverse activities taking place in the European coastal zone. Currently, however, the desired balance between sectors which is required to meet environmental, social, and economic targets is hampered by various conflicts. This paper presents the results of a stakeholder survey which assessed issues around interactions between sectors in six case study areas adjoining European waters. In all study areas awareness and prevalence of conflict was higher than it was for synergies. Stakeholder attitudes towards marine policy instruments such as the Common Fisheries Policy, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, and Habitats Directive were also assessed. Certain stakeholders viewed their influence on decision‐making as relatively weak while others felt considerably influential. This is of significance when formulating more integrated marine management and conflict mitigation strategies. The stakeholder survey was complemented by an analysis of the governance structure, management regime, and policy frameworks in each case study area. Findings from that work illustrate the diversity of arrangements and issues that exist in marine resource management. Ultimately, this work permits barriers to, and opportunities for, more efficient spatial management to be identified. This information will be synthesized and taken forward in future COEXIST work, culminating in best practice guidelines for spatial planning of fisheries and aquaculture with respect to other coastal interests.
Equation of Motion Method for Composite Field Operators
Creators: name: Mancini, Ferdinando
name: Avella, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Green's function formalism in Condensed Matter Physics is reviewed within the equation of motion approach. Composite operators and their Green's functions naturally appear as building blocks of generalized perturbative approaches and require fully self-consistent treatments in order to be properly handled. It is shown how to unambiguously set the representation of the Hilbert space by fixing both the unknown parameters, which appear in the linearized equations of motion and in the spectral weights of non-canonical operators, and the zero-frequency components of Green's functions in a way that algebra and symmetries are preserved. To illustrate this procedure some examples are given: the complete solution of the two-site Hubbard model, the evaluation of spin and charge correlators for a narrow-band Bloch system, the complete solution of the three-site Heisenberg model, and a study of the spin dynamics in the Double-Exchange model.
description: 20 RevTeX4 pages, 4 embedded figures
Co-occurrence Vectors from Corpora vs. Distance Vectors from Dictionaries
Creators: name: Niwa, Yoshiki
name: Nitta, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A comparison was made of vectors derived by using ordinary co-occurrence statistics from large text corpora and of vectors derived by measuring the inter-word distances in dictionary definitions. The precision of word sense disambiguation by using co-occurrence vectors from the 1987 Wall Street Journal (20M total words) was higher than that by using distance vectors from the Collins English Dictionary (60K head words + 1.6M definition words). However, other experimental results suggest that distance vectors contain some different semantic information from co-occurrence vectors.
description: 6 pages, appeared in the Proc. of COLING94 (pp. 304-309).