cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
[Letter from Anna Antoinette Weber van Bosse]
Creators: name: Weber Van Bosse, Anna Antoinette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1904
Subjects: Wichmann, Carl Ernst Arthur
Gümbel, C. W.

description: Information from Professor Wichmann that the slide of L. pliocenicum Gümbel was named by Gümbel himself. The slide is from Tagliata Modena. Will not mention Lithophyllum byssoides at all in her paper, because she knows it too little.
Gender Needs Awareness and Gender Asymmetry: An Analysis of a Rural Women Survey in Mountainous Areas of South-eastern Spain
Creators: name: Calatrava-Requena, Javier
name: Samir, Sayadi
name: Calatrava-Requena, Javier
name: Samir, Sayadi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: gender needs
subject: rural development
subject: gender asymmetry
subject: Southeastern Spain

description: Achieving gender symmetry in rural areas is an important target for the European Union. There is no shortage of talent, ideas and energy amongst women in rural areas, nor are there legal constraints. However, a range of cultural obstacles still stand in the way of their full participation in rural development (the persistence of traditional views about women's and men's roles in society, etc.) particularly in the Mediterranean areas. The integration of equal opportunities will no longer be a choice, but it will be an obligation in the design and implementation of rural development programmes and projects. Some European initiatives (NOW, EQUAL, LEADER, etc.) have already been taken to improve rural women's opportunities to participate more actively in economic and public life. In this context, surveying and the data collection will be considered an important preliminary step in the implementation of gender symmetry-focused development policies. In this paper, after briefly discussing the different gender paradigms in rural development, some results of a survey conducted on 304 rural women living in mountainous rural areas of the province of Granada (Southern Spain) are presented. The position of rural women as regards employment, family, socio-cultural, institutional matters, etc., is described. Then women's perception and awareness regarding both practical and strategic gender needs in the area are analysed. Factors related to how women stand with respect to gender needs have been identified using the probit regression model. From the above results, some conclusions have finally been drawn that could be helpful for designing strategies to achieve a better level of gender symmetry in the region, focusing sustainable rural development on a "gender planning" approach.
Discrete-time MPC for switched systems with applications to biomedical problems
Creators: name: Anderson, Alejandro
name: Gonzalez, Alejandro Hernan
name: Ferramosca, Antonio
name: Vargas, Esteban Abelardo Hernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Switched systems in which the manipulated control action is the time-depending switching signal describe many engineering problems, mainly related to biomedical applications. In such a context, to control the system means to select an autonomous system - at each time step - among a given finite family. Even when this selection can be done by solving a Dynamic Programming (DP) problem, such a solution is often difficult to apply, and state/control constraints cannot be explicitly considered. In this work a new set-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy is proposed to handle switched systems in a tractable form. The optimization problem at the core of the MPC formulation consists in an easy-to-solve mixed-integer optimization problem, whose solution is applied in a receding horizon way. Two biomedical applications are simulated to test the controller: (i) the drug schedule to attenuate the effect of viral mutation and drugs resistance on the viral load, and (ii) the drug schedule for Triple Negative breast cancer treatment. The numerical results suggest that the proposed strategy outperform the schedule for available treatments.
1+1D implicit disk computations
Creators: name: Ragossnig, Florian
name: Dorfi, Ernst A.
name: Ratschiner, Bernhard
name: Gehrig, Lukas
name: Steiner, Daniel
name: Stökl, Alexander
name: Johnstone, Colin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an implicit numerical method to solve the time-dependent equations of radiation hydrodynamics (RHD) in axial symmetry assuming hydrostatic equilibrium perpendicular to the equatorial plane (1+1D) of a gaseous disk. The equations are formulated in conservative form on an adaptive grid and the corresponding fluxes are calculated by a spacial second order advection scheme. Self-gravity of the disk is included by solving the Possion equation. We test the resulting numerical method through comparison with a simplified analytical solution as well as through the long term viscous evolution of protoplanetary disk when due to viscosity matter is transported towards the central host star and the disk depletes. The importance of the inner boundary conditions on the structural behaviour of disks is demonstrated with several examples.
description: for details check https://authors.elsevier.com/tracking/article/details.do?aid=107437&jid=COMPHY&surname=Ragossnig
Causes of Diversification in Agriculture Over Time: Evidence From Norwegian Farming Sector
Creators: name: Culas, Richard J.
name: Mahendrarajah, Mahen
name: Culas, Richard J.
name: Mahendrarajah, Mahen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: farm diversification
subject: risk and uncertainty
subject: environmental management
subject: panel data

description: Farm planning generally focuses on optimal diversification with respect to risk and uncertainties, where the risk-management strategies combine production, marketing, financial and environmental responses of the production of farm firm. In this study an empirical examination of farm diversification has been carried out from a sample of farms in Eastern Norway in which four measures of diversification (indices) were defined to incorporate the risk and uncertainties in relation to farm production (total) income. Using these four alternative measures of diversification and panel-data techniques, it has been shown that larger farms are more diversified, and when there is productive location and access to labour the farmers have a greater incentive to spread risk. These results suggest that diversification and farm size are positively linked and that there may not be sufficient economies of scale to warrant specialisation. Alternatively, farm specialisation may not be environmentally desirable because of the soil and water pollution that have been caused by large scale farming systems usually practised in most of the developed countries like Norway. Hence, farm diversification can be used as a strategy for managing the pollution caused by large scale less diversified farming systems, as well as to spread the risk related to farm income.
Kaon semileptonic decay form factors in two-flavor QCD
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Tsutsui, N.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Fukugita, M.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Ishikawa, K-I.
name: Ishizuka, N.
name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Kuramashi, Y.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Ukawa, A.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Yoshié, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the kaon form factors in two-flavor QCD with the non-perturbatively $O(a)$-improved Wilson quark action. In order to achieve a few percent accuracy in the study of SU(3) breaking effects, we use a set of double ratios of the matrix elements, with which the bulk of the statistical fluctuation and the multiplicative renormalization factors cancel.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, talk presented at Lattice2005 (Weak matrix elements)
Additional file 1 of The relationship between preference-based health-related quality of life and lifestyle behavior: a cross-sectional study on a community sample of adults who had undergone a health check-up
Creators: name: Noto, Shinichi
name: Takahashi, Osamu
name: Kimura, Takeshi
name: Moriwaki, Kensuke
name: Masuda, Katsunori
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Momentum-space entanglement after a quench in one-dimensional disordered fermionic systems
Creators: name: Lundgren, Rex
name: Liu, Fangli
name: Laurell, Pontus
name: Fiete, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: fermionic

description: We numerically investigate the momentum-space entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum of the random-dimer model and its generalizations, which circumvent Anderson localization, after a quench in the Hamiltonian parameters. The type of dynamics that occurs depends on whether or not the Fermi level of the initial state is near the energy of the delocalized states present in these models. If the Fermi level of the initial state is near the energy of the delocalized states, we observe an interesting slow logarithmic-like growth of the momentum-space entanglement entropy followed by an eventual saturation. Otherwise, the momentum- space entanglement entropy is found to rapidly saturate. We also ﬁnd that the momentum-space entanglement spectrum reveals the presence of delocalized states in these models for long times after the quench and the many-body entanglement gap decays logarithmically in time when the Fermi level is near the energy of the delocalized states.
Evolution of Crop-dairy Production Systems in South India from 1971 to 2002
Creators: name: Yaguchi, Yue
name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Yaguchi, Yue
name: Kajisa, Kei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Green revolution
subject: White revolution
subject: agricultural system
subject: India

description: It is widely believed that not only a Green Revolution in a crop sector but also a White Revolution in a dairy sector has generated the great momentum of agricultural development in India since the late 1960s. However, due to the dominance of sector-specific analyses, the importance of the interaction between these two sectors has been neglected in the existing literature. The interaction is important in that the dairy sector provides manure to crop production while the crop sector supplies fodder to the dairy. Using household data collected in Tamil Nadu, India for three decades from 1971, we show the increase of fodder production as a byproduct of Green Revolution in 1970s enabled subsequent White Revolution in 1980s and the byproduct of the White Revolution, i.e. increased manure availability, is enhancing the recent revival of organic farming system for sustainable agricultural development.
Generalization of Second-Order Quasi-Phase Matching in Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators Using Berry Phase
Creators: name: Lorenzo-Ruiz, Alejandro
name: Léger, Yoan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second order nonlinearities in whispering gallery mode resonators are highly investigated for their many applications such as wavelength converters, entangled photon sources and generation of frequency combs. In such systems, depending on the material under scrutiny, the derivation of quasi-phase matching equations can lead to the appearance of additional quanta in the selection rule on the azimuthal confinement order. Here, we demonstrate that these additional quanta show up due to the Berry phase experienced by the transverse spin angular momentum components of the whispering gallery modes during their circulation within the resonator. We first detail the case of Zinc-blende materials and then generalize this theory to other crystal symmetries relevant for integrated photonics.
description: ACS photonics, American Chemical Society, 2020
[Letter from Anna Antoinette Weber van Bosse]
Creators: name: Weber Van Bosse, Anna Antoinette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1904

description: The photographs are splendid. Information about how the printing of the photos will be done. Found that the genus Lithothrix had to be revised and that the genera [Metamphiroa] and Litharthron had to be created. The differences are in the anatomical structure of these plants, which will become evident when he looks at the plates.
Additional file 1 of The allelopathic, adhesive, hydrophobic and toxic latex of Euphorbia species is the cause of fairy circles investigated at several locations in Namibia
Creators: name: Meyer, J. J. Marion
name: Schutte, Christiaan E.
name: Hurter, Jan W.
name: Galt, Nicole S.
name: Petunia Degashu
name: Breetzke, Greg
name: Baranenko, Denis
name: Meyer, Nicole L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional text, Figs. S1 to S20, Tables S1 to S8, References.
Structural Phase Transitions of Optical Patterns in Atomic Gases with Microwave Controlled Rydberg Interactions
Creators: name: Shi, Zeyun
name: Li, Weibin
name: Huang, Guoxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous symmetry breaking and formation of self-organized structures in nonlinear systems are intriguing and important phenomena in nature. Advancing such research to new nonlinear optical regimes is of much interest for both fundamental physics and practical applications. Here we propose a scheme to realize optical pattern formation in a cold Rydberg atomic gas via electromagnetically induced transparency. We show that, by coupling two Rydberg states with a microwave field (microwave dressing), the nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity of the Rydberg gas can be enhanced significantly and may be tuned actively. Based on such nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity, we demonstrate that a plane-wave state of probe laser field can undergo a modulation instability (MI) and hence spontaneous symmetry breaking, which may result in the emergence of various self-organized optical patterns. Especially, we find that a hexagonal lattice pattern (which is the only optical pattern when the microwave dressing is absent) may develop into several types of square lattice ones when the microwave dressing is applied; moreover, as a outcome of the MI the formation of nonlocal optical solitons is also possible in the system. Different from earlier studies, the optical patterns and nonlocal optical solitons found here can be flexibly manipulated by adjusting the effective probe-field intensity, nonlocality degree of the Kerr nonlinearity, and the strength of the microwave field. Our work opens a route for versatile controls of self-organizations and structural phase transitions of laser light, which may have potential applications in optical information processing and transmission.
description: 17pages, 8 Postscript figures
Land Degradation in Ethiopia: What Do Stoves Have To Do With It?
Creators: name: Gebreegziabher, Zenebe
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Van Soest, Daan P.
name: Gebreegziabher, Zenebe
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Van Soest, Daan P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land degradation
subject: technology adoption
subject: fuel-savings efficiency
subject: stoves
subject: Ethiopia

description: In Ethiopia deforestation is a major problem and many peasants have switched from fuelwood to dung for cooking and heating purposes, thereby damaging the agricultural productivity of cropland. The Ethiopian government has embarked on a two-pronged policy in an effort to stem deforestation and the degradation of agricultural lands: (i) tree planting or afforestation; (ii) dissemination of more efficient stove technologies. The motivation in here is, therefore, to examine the potential of the strategy of disseminating improved stoves in the rehabilitation of agricultural and forests lands. For empirical analysis we used a dataset on cross-section of 200 farm households from the highlands of Tigrai, northern Ethiopia. We used a two-step procedure reminiscent of hedonic pricing. Results in this paper indicate that farm households in Tigrai/ Ethiopia are willing to adopt new/improved stove innovations if these result in economic savings. Moreover, results suggest a significant positive impact in slowing the degradation of agricultural and forested lands. On a per household basis, we found that adopters will collect 68.3 kg less wood each month, while more dung in the form of manure becomes available as 19.899 kg less dung is collected each month. In terms of wood alone, assuming an average of 79 t of biomass per ha, we found the potential reduction in deforestation amounts to some 1,794 ha per year, not an inconsequential savings.
Growth of a tree with allocations rules: Part 2 Dynamics
Creators: name: Bui, Olivier
name: Leoncini, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following up on a previous work we examine a model of transportation network in some source-sink flow paradigm subjected to growth and resource allocation. The model is inspired from plants, and we add rules and factors that are analogous to what plants are subjected to. We study how different resource allocation schemes affect the tree and how the schemes interact with additional factors such as embedding the network into a 3D space and applying gravity or shading. The different outcomes are discussed. PACS. 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and chaos-05.65.+b Self-organized systems
description: European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer-Verlag, In press
Additional file 3 of Chronic cortisol exposure in early development leads to neuroendocrine dysregulation in adulthood
Creators: name: Hartig, Ellen I.
name: Shusen Zhu
name: King, Benjamin L.
name: Coffman, James A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Survey of gene expression by 96-well qPCR array and relative expression levels of klf9 and fkbp5 in brain tissue dissected from different experimental cohorts. Each measurement was made from pooled brain RNA of 6 individuals of mixed sex (equal representation), except where indicated (panel f). The qPCR measurement shown in panel (b) is from the same RNA samples that were used to generate the data depicted in panel (a).
Additional file 4 of Chronic cortisol exposure in early development leads to neuroendocrine dysregulation in adulthood
Creators: name: Hartig, Ellen I.
name: Shusen Zhu
name: King, Benjamin L.
name: Coffman, James A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Methods. ATAC-seq library construction protocol, sequencing and read processing.
Poverty Mapping in Rural Syria for Enhanced Targeting
Creators: name: Szonyi, Judit A.
name: De Pauw, Eddy
name: La Rovere, Roberto
name: Aw-Hassan, Aden
name: Szonyi, Judit A.
name: De Pauw, Eddy
name: La Rovere, Roberto
name: Aw-Hassan, Aden
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Poverty maps
subject: resource endowment
subject: agricultural income distribution
subject: GIS
subject: Syria

description: Poverty maps allow assessing the well-being of rural population in a spatial context and identifying poverty hotspots. The maps can be used for regional policy analysis as they help in identifying areas where the rural poor live and where rural poverty is determined by the endowment and quality of natural resources and by population pressure. Natural resource endowment was assessed in the study by calculating an Agricultural Resource Index based on the availability of different major agricultural resources. Income per-capita was calculated by using census data, adjusted by the rural population density. The results show that the better income areas of Syria are located in the irrigated or higher-rainfall areas, but lower-income pockets exist due to the presence of various ecological and topographic factors. The study provides the elements of a 'top-down' approach for poverty mapping to disaggregate income from census sources to the pixel level based on agroecological data. It is an important advancement on methodologies to link micro and macro economic analysis to successfully map poverty in data scarce regions. However, we also critically suggest a number of practical improvements for the approach. Poverty mapping can indeed become more effective and cost-efficient if classical bottom-up approaches, based on household survey data are integrated with top-down approaches such as the one presented.
Additional file 1 of IgE autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells and their role in children and adults with atopic dermatitis
Creators: name: Badloe, Fariza Mishaal Saiema
name: Shauni De Vriese
name: Coolens, Katarina
name: Schmidt-Weber, Carsten B.
name: Ring, Johannes
name: Gutermuth, Jan
name: Krohn, Inge Kortekaas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Systematic search strategy. Table S2. Systematic search on IgE autoantibodies in patients with atopic dermatitis. AD: atopic dermatitis, RC: rhino conjunctivitis, NA: nonatopic, HC: healthy controls without allergic symptoms, PS: psoriasis, CA: contact allergy, UA: urticaria. Table S3. Autoreactive T cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. AD: atopic dermatitis, RC: rhinoconjunctivitis, HC: healthy controls, NA: non-atopic, CD: chronic dermatoses, PS: psoriasis, ns: non-sensitized, ABPA: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. * median.
Unexpected convergence of lattice Boltzmann schemes
Creators: name: Boghosian, Bruce
name: Dubois, François
name: Graille, Benjamin
name: Lallemand, Pierre
name: Tekitek, Mohamed-Mahdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we study numerically the convergence of the scalar D2Q9 lattice Boltzmann scheme with multiple relaxation times when the time step is proportional to the space step and tends to zero. We do this by a combination of theory and numerical experiment. The classical formal analysis when all the relaxation parameters are fixed and the time step tends to zero shows that the numerical solution converges to solutions of the heat equation, with a constraint connecting the diffusivity, the space step and the coefficient of relaxation of the momentum. If the diffusivity is fixed and the space step tends to zero, the relaxation parameter for the momentum is very small, causing a discrepency between the previous analysis and the numerical results. We propose a new analysis of the method for this specific situation of evanescent relaxation, based on the dispersion equation of the lattice Boltzmann scheme. A new asymptotic partial differential equation, the damped acoustic system, is emergent as a result of this formal analysis. Complementary numerical experiments establish the convergence of the scalar D2Q9 lattice Boltzmann scheme with multiple relaxation times and acoustic scaling in this specific case of evanescent relaxation towards the numerical solution of the damped acoustic system.
National Differences in the Uptake of EU Agri-environmental Schemes: An Explanation
Creators: name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Glebe, Thilo W.
name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Glebe, Thilo W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The number of agri-environmental programs launched under EU Regulation 1257/99, as well as the share of agricultural land covered under these programs, varies significantly between EU member states. National differences in the uptake of agri-environmental schemes would be economically efficient if they accounted for differences in countries' natural capacity to assimilate pollution and reflected the social value attributed to environmental quality. However, political decisions are unlikely to be influenced only by efficiency consideration. This paper assesses the distributional, budgetary and welfare effects of agri-environmental programs and analyses how this may explain the pattern of agri-environmental policy in Europe. The study is based on an environmental externality model which accounts for a country's economic, environmental and political situation. The conceptual analysis is supplemented by a regression model. Theoretical results suggest that the extent of agri-environmental programs increases as 1) the importance attributed to farm income increases; 2) the costs for the implementation of agri-environmental programs are lowered; 3) environmental benefits are valued higher; 4) the national budgetary pressure decreases; 5) the share of EU co-funding for agri-environmental schemes is raised. Empirical results indicate that countries attributing a high weight to farm income are more likely to implement agri-environmental schemes than others. The uptake of agri-environmental programs is higher the more important the role of landscape features for the domestic tourist industry. On the other hand, the uptake of agri-environmental policy is negatively correlated to land productivity and depends also on countries' wealth and their relative contribution to the EU budget.
An introduction to joinings in ergodic theory
Creators: name: De La Rue, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A35

description: Since their introduction by Furstenberg in 1967, joinings have proved a very powerful tool in ergodic theory. We present here some aspects of the use of joinings in the study of measurable dynamical systems, emphasizing on - the links between the existence of a non trivial common factor and the existence of a joining which is not the product measure, - how joinings can be employed to provide elegant proofs of classical results, - how joinings are involved in important questions of ergodic theory, such as pointwise convergence or Rohlin's multiple mixing problem.
Investigating Distance Effects on Environmental Values: A Choice Modelling Approach
Creators: name: Concu, Giovanni B.
name: Concu, Giovanni B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Aggregation
subject: Choice Modelling
subject: Distance
subject: Geographical Sampling
subject: Specification Tests

description: This paper describes a Choice Modelling experiment set up to investigate the relationship between distance and willingness to pay for environmental quality changes. The issue is important for the estimation and transfer of benefits. The Choice Modelling experiment allows testing distance effects on parameters of environmental attributes that imply different trade-offs between use and non-use values. The sampling procedure is designed to provide a "geographically balanced" sample. Several specifications of the distance covariate are compared and distance effects are shown to take complex shapes. Welfare analysis shows that disregarding distance produces under-estimation of individual and aggregated benefits and losses, seriously hindering the reliability of cost-benefit analyses.
Test taker characteristics and performance on a cloze test : an investigation using DIF methodology
Creators: name: He, Ling
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This quantitative study aims to investigate the influences of test taker characteristics across two different broad language groups, Asian and Non-Asian, on cloze test performance. This study used differential item functioning (DIF) methodology. The specific purpose is to provide empirical evidence for factors that can bias items on cloze tests due to (a) examinees' familiarity with test format, and (b) their academic discipline. Data in this study are collected from 216 English as a second language (ESL) students (ages 17-56) from Carleton University. Each examinee completes two cloze tests in the same session. However, the focus of the current study is Test 1 whereas Test 2 is used in creating a composite score which would serve as the matching variable in the DIF analyses. The method used for DIF analysis is logistic regression approach with multiple matching variables and multiple grouping variables. Empirical results by logistic regression method showed that only familiarity with cloze test format was differently related to DIF. This result was also supported with some theoretical DIF hypotheses founded on prior knowledge pertaining to cognitive processes that could related to differential performance of test items.
Additional file 2 of Chronic cortisol exposure in early development leads to neuroendocrine dysregulation in adulthood
Creators: name: Hartig, Ellen I.
name: Shusen Zhu
name: King, Benjamin L.
name: Coffman, James A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Top ten transcription factor binding motifs identified by HOMER motif enrichment analysis of sequences from the 251 peaks that scored ≥ 100.
Thermal and orbital evolution of low-mass exoplanets
Creators: name: Walterová, Michaela
name: Běhounková, Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal, orbital, and rotational dynamics of tidally loaded exoplanets are interconnected by intricate feedback. The rheological structure of the planet determines its susceptibility to tidal deformation and, as a consequence, participates in shaping its orbit. The orbital parameters and the spin state, conversely, control the rate of tidal dissipation and may lead to substantial changes of the interior. We investigate the coupled thermal-orbital evolution of differentiated rocky exoplanets governed by the Andrade viscoelastic rheology. The coupled evolution is treated by a semi-analytical model, 1d parametrized heat transfer and self-consistently calculated tidal dissipation. First, we conduct several parametric studies, exploring the effect of the rheological properties, the planet's size, and the orbital eccentricity on the tidal locking and dissipation. These tests show that the role of tidal locking into high spin-orbit resonances is most prominent on low eccentric orbits, where it results in substantially higher tidal heating than the synchronous rotation. Second, we calculate the long-term evolution of three currently known low-mass exoplanets with nonzero orbital eccentricity and absent or yet unknown eccentricity forcing (namely GJ 625 b, GJ 411 b, and Proxima Centauri b). The tidal model incorporates the formation of a stable magma ocean and a consistently evolving spin rate. We find that the thermal state is strongly affected by the evolution of eccentricity and spin state and proceeds as a sequence of thermal equilibria. Final despinning into synchronous rotation slows down the orbital evolution and helps to maintain long-term stable orbital eccentricity.
description: 44 pages, 13 figures; to be published in ApJ
[Letter from Anna Antoinette Weber van Bosse]
Creators: name: Weber Van Bosse, Anna Antoinette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1904
Subjects: Heydrich, Franz
Hauch

description: The plates have been made in accordance with your advice, the brownish shades for the Lithothamnion, the bluish for the Archaeolithothamnion. Encloses a copy of the title. The L. byssoides specimens were taken from a wrongly named box of specimens collected by Hauch, and from one correctly named by Heydrich.
Construction of Localized Basis for Dynamical Mean Field Theory
Creators: name: Paul, I.
name: Kotliar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body Hamiltonians obtained from first principles generally include all possible non-local interactions. But in dynamical mean field theory the non-local interactions are ignored, and only the effects of the local interactions are taken into account. The truncation of the non-local interactions is a basis dependent approximation. We propose a criterion to construct an appropriate localized basis in which the truncation can be carried out. This involves finding a basis in which a functional given by the sum of the squares of the local interactions with appropriate weight factors is maximized under unitary transformations of basis. We argue that such a localized basis is suitable for the application of dynamical mean field theory for calculating material properties from first principles. We propose an algorithm which can be used for constructing the localized basis. We test our criterion on a toy model and find it satisfactory.
The Economics of Obesity-Related Mortality among High Income Countries
Creators: name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Tegene, Abebayehu
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Huffman, Sonya Kostova
name: Tegene, Abebayehu
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: health
subject: over nutrition
subject: obesity
subject: obesity-related mortality
subject: high income countries
subject: economic factors
subject: household models
subject: food prices

description: The high and rapidly rising adult obesity rates in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand are associated with major health risks, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, and some forms of cancer; large health care costs; and premature deaths annually. For example, the death rate from diabetes mellitus has been rising in the U.S. In contrast, death rates from circulator diseases have a strong negative trend, but rising obesity rates almost certainly have slowed this trend. This paper focuses on obesity-related mortality from diabetes and circulatory diseases and establishes the econometric underpinning of an aggregate household health production function and an aggregate household health supply function using data for 15 high income countries, 1971-2001. Our health production function estimates show that mortality is related with a lag to diet, health care, organization of the health care system, and knowledge and technical change. Our aggregate household supply function shows that lower food prices increase and socialized medicine at a modest level decreases mortality with a lag, other things equal, including medical and dietary information and medical technology. From a policy perspective, cheap, unhealthy food is bad for human health and socialized medicine at some level is good for health.
Rotation and anisotropy of galaxies revisited
Creators: name: Binney, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of the tensor virial theorem (TVT) as a diagnostic of anisotropic velocity distributions in galaxies is revisited. The TVT provides a rigorous global link between velocity anisotropy, rotation and shape, but the quantities appearing in it are not easily estimated observationally. Traditionally use has been made of a centrally averaged velocity dispersion and the peak rotation velocity. Although this procedure cannot be rigorously justified, tests on model galaxies show that it works surprisingly well. With the advent of integral-field spectroscopy it is now possible to establish a rigorous connection between the TVT and observations. The TVT is reformulated in terms of sky-averages, and the new formulation is tested on model galaxies.
description: 6 pages submitted to MNRAS
Modelling the broadband emission from the white dwarf binary system AR Scorpii
Creators: name: Singh, K. K.
name: Meintjes, P. J.
name: Kaplan, Q.
name: Ramamonjisoa, F. A.
name: Sahayanathan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have analyzed the $γ$-ray data in the energy range 100 MeV to 500 GeV from the \emph{Fermi}-Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations for the period August 4, 2008 to March 31, 2019. The $γ$-ray emission from AR Scorpii over the last decade is not statistically significant and therefore 2$σ$ upper limit on the integral flux above 100 MeV has been estimated. We reproduce the non-thermal broadband spectral energy distribution of AR Scorpii using an emission model having two synchrotron components due to the relativistic electrons in very high magnetic fields. The first component (Synchrotron-1) broadly describes the emissions at radio to high energy X-rays through the synchrotron radiation originating from a spherical region of radius $\sim$ 1.8$\times$10$^{10}$ cm and a magnetic field strength of $\sim$ 10$^3$ Gauss. The second component (Synchrotron-2) which reproduces the X-ray emission at lower energies and predicts the $γ$-ray emission, originates from another spherical region with radius $\sim$ 1.4$\times$10$^{10}$ cm and a magnetic field strength of $\sim$ 10$^6$ Gauss. The relativistic electron populations in both the emission regions are described by a smooth broken power law energy distribution. The $γ$-ray emission predicted by the Synchrotron-2 model is below the broadband sensitivity of the \emph{Fermi}-LAT and is also consistent with the 95$\%$ confidence level upper limit on the integral flux above 100 MeV derived from more than 10 years of observations. According to our model, the binary system AR Scorpii could be a $γ$-ray source, although its emission level must be below the current detection limit of the \emph{Fermi}-LAT.
description: 15 Pages, 2 Figures, 1 Table, Accepted for Publication in Astroparticle Physics
CMV matrices in random matrix theory and integrable systems: a survey
Creators: name: Nenciu, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15-02

description: We present a survey of recent results concerning a remarkable class of unitary matrices, the CMV matrices. We are particularly interested in the role they play in the theory of random matrices and integrable systems. Throughout the paper we also emphasize the analogies and connections to Jacobi matrices.
description: Based on a talk given at the Short Program on Random Matrices, Random Processes and Integrable Systems, CRM, Universite de Montreal, 2005
Optimal Incentives under Moral Hazard and Heterogeneous Agents: Evidence from Production Contracts Data
Creators: name: Dubois, Pierre
name: Vukina, Tomislav
name: Dubois, Pierre
name: Vukina, Tomislav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Agency Contracts
subject: Optimal Incentives
subject: Moral Hazard
subject: Risk Aversion
subject: Heterogeneity

description: The objective of this paper is to develop an analytical framework for estimation of the parameters of a structural model of an incentive contract under moral hazard, taking into account agents heterogeneity in preferences. We show that allowing the principal to strategically distribute the production inputs across heterogenous agents as part of the contract design, the principal is able to change what appears to be a uniform contract into individualized contracts tailored to fit agents' preferences or characteristics. Using micro level data on swine production contract settlements, we find that contracting farmers are heterogenous with respect to their risk aversion and that this heterogeneity affects the principal's allocation of production inputs across farmers. Relying on the identifying assumption that contracts are optimal, we obtain the estimates of a lower and an upper bound of agents' reservation utilities. We show that farmers with higher risk aversion have lower outside opportunities because of lower reservation utilities.
Institutional Factors behind Effectiveness of Irrigation: A Study in the Brahmaputra Valley in Eastern India
Creators: name: Dutta, M.
name: Bezbaruah, M.
name: Dutta, M.
name: Bezbaruah, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Effectiveness of irrigation
subject: institutions
subject: stake holding farmers
subject: regulations
subject: Brahmaputra Valley

description: As the adverse consequences of the policies of input subsidy and increasing food-grain procurement prices became prominent in Indian agriculture, researchers and policy makers documented the need for policy changes. For sustaining production of rice, there are now calls for shift of emphasis from large farmers in Green Revolution areas in Northwest India to small and marginal farmers in Eastern and rain-fed areas, where returns to both labor and capital are high and potentials for exploiting the existing technology are yet largely untapped. A major constraint on exploiting such potentials in parts of Eastern India such as the Brahmaputra Valley is paucity of irrigation. While investment for expanding irrigation capacity is needed, it is equally important to put necessary institutions in place to ensure that the installed capacity is effectively utilized. This study based on survey of 172 farms from three agro-climatic zones of the Brahmaputra Valley has found that farmers' control over management and operation of irrigation system is crucial in determining their success in effectively using irrigation in terms of level and intensity of productivity increasing practices associated with irrigation. The study hence suggests that to improve effectiveness, and thereby reap higher social returns on public investment on irrigation, involvement of farmers in operation and management of public sector irrigation systems should be secured. In view of the effectiveness of small-scale private tube-wells and the abundance of ground water reserves in the Brahmaputra valley, facilitation of private investments in such sys tems is recommended for expanding total irrigation capacity.
Do Japanese Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Stimulate Agricultural Growth in East Asia? Panel Cointegration Analysis
Creators: name: Sattapon, Weerapong
name: Sattapon, Weerapong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agricultural growth
subject: East Asia
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
subject: Trade
subject: Panel Data

description: The agricultural sector is an important sector that most people in East Asia rely on and growth in this sector may help to lift their standard of living. This study assessed what factors contributed to agricultural growth by applying the panel econometric approach. First, the long-run relationship between the agriculture growth and its explanatory variable was investigated by applying the IPS unit root test and Pedroni panel cointegration test. The results indicated that all variables showed an integration of order unity, and showed strong evidence to support the existence of long-run relationship. The results from Fixed Effect (FE) regression indicated that imports, exports and trade liberalization were the important factors that contributed to growth in China, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand. Thus, promoting trade policy in these countries would stimulate the agricultural growth. In contrast, only imports and trade liberalization were important factors contributing to growth in Korea and Taiwan. The study also found that Japanese FDI significantly helped to stimulate the growth, but the evidence was weak in the case of Korea and Taiwan. The finding of this study will help policy makers to understand the likely implications of possible future policies. The agricultural sectors of countries cannot rely solely on internal factors such as land and labor to promote agricultural growth. Agricultural growth requires more trade liberalization, especially when imports are an important factor for promoting growth. Attempting to lower imports would lead to retarded growth. Meanwhile, appropriate policies to attract Japanese FDI into the agricultural sector are also important in order to help accelerate growth in this sector.
Volatility Spillover Effects in Greek Consumer Meat Prices
Creators: name: Rezitis, Anthony N.
name: Rezitis, Anthony N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper investigates volatility spillover effects, i.e. 'meteor showers' and 'heat waves', across consumer meat prices for lamb, beef, pork, and poultry. The empirical analysis used the methodology of the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (GARCH) approach. The empirical results support the presence of significant 'meteor shower' and 'heat wave' effects across the four meat categories under consideration.
Identifying Common Fallacies in the Choice of Environmental Taxes for Agricultural Pollution Control: The Absence of Transaction Costs and the Normality of Agricultural Pollutants
Creators: name: Kampas, Athanasios
name: Kampas, Athanasios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The choice of environmental taxes is one of the central themes in policy design for agricultural pollution control, which dominates both empirical and theoretical research. This paper examines two assumptions very often employed in applied research, namely the absence of transaction costs and the normality of agricultural pollutants. Our results indicate that the well-known superiority of emission taxes over input taxes may not always be valid, when transaction costs are taken into account. Further more, the assumption of normal distributed agricultural pollutants overestimate the relative abatement costs.
Papathenasiou, Athanasios N.: Forschungen zur byzanthinischen Rechtsgeschichte
Creators: name: Müller, Walter W.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 80 (1996): Oriens christianus, Band 80