cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Induced Technical Change, Induced Institutional Change and Mechanism Design
Creators: name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: In this paper I review the theories of induced technical and institutional change. I discuss the sources of the demand and supply of institutional innovation. The sources of institutional innovation are illustrated by changes in land tenure relations in Philippine agriculture, by the development of institutional design principles based on studies of small scale resource management systems and by the transition from command and control to market based systems of resource management in the United States. I introduce the concept of incentive compatible mechanism and institutional design. In a final section I elaborate a pattern model that maps the relationships among changes in resource endowments, cultural endowments, technology and institutions.
Optimal forecasts in the presence of discrete structural breaks under long memory
Creators: name: Paza Mboya, Mwasi
name: Sibbertsen, Philipp
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Wiley Interscience
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ARFIMA model
subject: forecasting
subject: long memory
subject: optimal weight
subject: structural break
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::050 | Zeitschriften, fortlaufende Sammelwerke

description: We develop methods to obtain optimal forecast under long memory in the presence of a discrete structural break based on different weighting schemes for the observations. We observe significant changes in the forecasts when long-range dependence is taken into account. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we confirm that our methods substantially improve the forecasting performance under long memory. We further present an empirical application to inflation rates that emphasizes the importance of our methods.
L’attualità del pensiero di Fanon e Dussel: prospettive critiche su decolonizzazione e identità attraverso il caso studio della performance “Pink Attack” a Milano
Creators: name: Fusar Poli, Elena
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: Intersectionality; Dussel; Identity; Decolonization; Fanon;Intersezionalità; Dussel; Decolonizzazione; Identità; Fanon;

description: This article proposes a comparison between the postcolonial and decolonial perspectives in Frantz Fanon and Enrique Dussel and tries to apply the results to analyze the meaning of a performance on colonialism and neo-colonialism organized in Milan. Fanon and Dussel have been involved respectively in national liberation movements (and in the négritude debate) and in the “Philosophy of the Liberation”. Their operas define a continuative arch between the colonial domain and nowadays. Fanon focuses on both the European supremacy and the brutal coloniality, Dussel assumes this reality as a starting point to define the de-structuring effects of globalization. The comparison faces three critical points: 1. The epistemological violence 2. The conception of identity 3. The relationship between race and gender liberation instances. The second part of this paper gives an insight about the public debate taking place in Italy on European colonialism and the young “Italians without citizenship” generations, particularly after the Pink Attack performance organized by a group of young Italian and non-Italian girls during the global women’s strike on the 8th of March 2019. The performance consisted in pink painting the new Indro Montanelli’s statue in Milan and tried to highlight contrasts in collective memories, identities and differences in the perceptions of social values. This performance and the echo it had been able to produce on media and social networks can work as a test for previous analysis, as useful tool to frame contemporary issues, such as the race-gender-class intersection, the mestizaje or the multiple modernity paradigm.
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale
Expenditure elasticities for rural households in the Embo ward, Umbumbulu, KwaZulu-Natal
Creators: name: Browne, M.
name: Ortmann, Gerald F.
name: Hendriks, Sheryl L.
name: Browne, M.
name: Ortmann, Gerald F.
name: Hendriks, Sheryl L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Expenditure elasticities
subject: demand-led growth
subject: Umbumbulu region
subject: KwaZulu-Natal

description: Household consumption patterns were investigated to determine the impact of an income shock on household expenditure and to establish the potential for demand-led growth in a rural area of KwaZulu-Natal. Household consumption data were collected from sample households in the Embo ward of Umbumbulu, KwaZulu-Natal during October 2004 and March 2005. Budget shares and expenditure elasticities were estimated for household consumption categories for the two study periods, allowing for a comparison of expenditure elasticities between the two seasons. Results suggest that expenditure elasticities for consumer expendables, durables and transport were highly elastic, while expenditure elasticities for the aggregate food category were negative (October) and highly inelastic (March). Analysis of the expenditure categories of tradable and non-tradable goods and services showed expenditure on tradable non-farm goods and services to have the greatest potential for demand-led growth with expenditure elasticities of 2.88 and 2.91, respectively. The category of non-tradable non-farm goods and services was not statistically significant for both periods and the category non-tradable farm goods and services was not statistically significant for October. A seasonal difference in expenditure patterns was apparent, suggesting that responses to income changes vary at different times of the year.
Strategic focus areas and emerging trade arrangements in the South African agricultural industry since the demise of the marketing boards
Creators: name: Doyer, Ockert T.
name: D'Haese, Marijke F.C.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Van Rooyen, C.J.
name: Doyer, Ockert T.
name: D'Haese, Marijke F.C.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Van Rooyen, C.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agribusiness
subject: strategic focus areas
subject: institutional arrangements
subject: South Africa

description: This paper investigates the responses of agribusiness managers to drastic changes in the policy and marketing environment of South African agriculture. The process of deregulation and liberalisation of agricultural markets exposed agribusiness managers to international trends, which required new institutions and relationships. Based on a survey conducted among business managers, we explored emerging growth strategies, strategic focus areas and coordination preferences. Results suggest that managers prefer a growth strategy based on market penetration and market development. Important strategic drivers are value-adding and power drive. Managers expressed their preference for increased coordination and cooperation resulting in relation-based contracts and equity-based alliances.
Projections of economic impacts of climate change in agriculture in Europe
Creators: name: Quiroga, Sonia
name: Iglesias, Ana
name: Quiroga, Sonia
name: Iglesias, Ana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agriculture
subject: climate change
subject: general equilibrium models
subject: agricultura
subject: cambio climático
subject: modelos de equilibrio general

description: RESUMEN This study provides monetary estimates of the impacts of climate change in European agriculture. Future scenarios are derived from several socio-economic scenarios and experiments conducted using global climate moedls and regional climate models. The economic valuation is conducted by using GTAP general equilibrium model across simulations based on crop productivity changes that consider no restrictions in the volume of water available for irrigation in current irrigated areas or in the application of nitrogen fertilizer. Thus the results should be considered optimistic from the production point and pessimistic from the environmental point of view. Regional differences between northern and southern European countries are found and the monetary estimates show that uncertainty derived from socio-economic scenarios has a larger effect than uncertainty derived from climate scenarios. ABSTRACT Este estudio proporciona estimaciones económicas de los efectos del cambio climático en la agricultura Europeal. Los escenarios futuros incorporan proyecciones de cambios socio-económicos y variables climáticas derivadas de modelos de clima global y regional. La valoración económica utiliza el modelo de equilibrio general (GTAP), donde las simulaciones se basan en cambios en la productividad de los cultivos sin considerar restricciones en el volumen de agua de riego en las zonas actuales de regadío ni de fertilizantes. Así, los resultados se pueden considerar optimistas desde el punto de vista productivo, pero pesimistas desde el punto de vista ambiental. Se observan diferencias significativas entre el norte y el sur de Europa y las estimaciones económicas muestran que la incertidumbre asociada a los escenarios socio-económicos es mayor que la asociada a los escenarios climáticos.
Back to the future : some ideas for the economic rejuvenation of Victory Square
Creators: name: Bennett, Paul Mackenzie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis analyzes policies and programs appropriate in responding to the decline of the Victory Square Concept Planning Area, which was once at the heart of Vancouver. This topic is important in light of similar situations throughout North America. Victory Square is located within the larger Downtown Eastside, whose fractious political climate may reduce the likelihood of success in future community undertakings. The thesis reviews relevant economic theory and the merits and methods of public sector intervention. Questions are raised as to how seriously the City has taken the problems of the Square area from an historical perspective, how effective its current policies are and whether the VSCPA is a legitimate planning area. A Community Economic Development approach is advocated due to the shortcomings of "traditional strategies. Vancouver's unique post-Fordist economy has encouraged the growth of the Victory Square Concept Planning Area's creative design sector, which has been accompanied by an increase in cultural and educational institutions. In order to increase retail activity, three strategies are available. Retailing is important not only for individual entrepreneurs and potential employees but because it also businesses and ancillary services, while serving the increasingly integrated production system. A larger population would include some higher-income singles, more working women and career-oriented professionals/managers with greater disposable incomes and pursuit of leisure and cultural activities. The author advocates legalization of illegal and lower-rent artists lofts, the encouragement of residential development and heritage conversion as well as limited tourism. Although heritage conservation activities are often viewed as precursors to gentrification and cost benefit evidence is non-conclusive, it can create youth employment and a diversity of social and mixed-income housing and commercial space. The main issue for heritage property developers is whether the value of a structure after rehabilitation exceeds the hard, soft and rent-up costs of acquisition, rehabilitation, operation and disposition. While increased economic activity will hopefully raise the income of all local residents, this cannot be assumed nor would such change be immediate. Effective public policy-making, partnerships and private sector initiatives should be mobilized to restore and renovate a judicious mix of heritage structures into a viable combination of mixed-residential, retailing, office and public space, while striving to maintain services and accommodation for the low-income population.
Correction to: Physics-informed deep learning for three-dimensional transient heat transfer analysis of functionally graded materials
Creators: name: Guo, Hongwei
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Fu, Xiaolong
name: Zhu, Yunzheng
name: Rabczuk, Timon
Publisher: name: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: In the original publication of the article, the author wanted to correct the authors group and affiliation as it was wrongly updated. The correct authors group and affiliation should be: Hongwei Guo1,2, Xiaoying Zhuang1,2, Xiaolong Fu3, Yunzheng Zhu4 and Timon Rabczuk5 1 Department of Geotechnical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai, 200092, P.R. China. 2 Chair of Computational Science and Simulation Technology, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Hannover, Germany. 3 Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an, China. 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UCLA, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. 5 Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus Universität Weimar, Weimar, Germany Now, the original article has been updated.
Quantum receiver for phase-shift keying at the single photon level
Creators: name: Sidhu, Jasminder S.
name: Izumi, Shuro
name: Neergaard-Nielsen, Jonas S.
name: Lupo, Cosmo
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum enhanced receivers are endowed with resources to achieve higher sensitivities than conventional technologies. For application in optical communications, they provide improved discriminatory capabilities for multiple non-orthogonal quantum states. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a new decoding scheme for quadrature phase-shift encoded signals. Our receiver surpasses the standard quantum limit and outperforms all previously known non-adaptive detectors at low input powers. Unlike existing approaches, the receiver only exploits linear optical elements and on-off photo-detection. This circumvents the requirement for challenging feed-forward operations that limit communication transmission rates and can be readily implemented with current technology.
description: 11 pages with 10 figures with appendices. Extended analysis. Accepted version
La importancia de las DOP como indicadores de calidad para el comportamiento del consumidor. El caso del aceite de oliva del Bajo Aragon
Creators: name: Espejel, Joel
name: Fandos, Carmina
name: Flavian, Carlos
name: Espejel, Joel
name: Fandos, Carmina
name: Flavian, Carlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Protected Denomination of Origin
subject: buying intention
subject: loyalty
subject: satisfaction
subject: Denominacion de Origen Protegida
subject: intencion de compra
subject: lealtad
subject: satisfaccion

description: Este trabajo analiza la influencia de la satisfacción del consumidor hacia un producto alimenticio con Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) sobre la lealtad e intención de compra que manifiestan los consumidores. Los resultados muestran la importancia que otorgan los consumidores hacia los vínculos con el origen, el territorio, las materias primas y el saber hacer junto con los estrictos controles a los que son sometidos por los consejos reguladores a los que pertencen las DOP, en la determinación de la calidad alimentaria percigida en dichos productos. Todo ello supone una mayor conformación de los sentimientos de satisfacción y lealtad así como de una mayor predisposición a seguir comprando el aceite de oliva del Bajo Aragón. ABSTRACT In this paper we analyze the influence of satisfaction towards a food product with Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) on loyalty and consumers' buying intention. The results show the importance that the consumers allowance towards the links as the origin, territory, raw materials, know how, and the strict controls by the PDO Regulatory Council. All these aspects, concern in the determination of the perceived quality of the above mentioned PDO food products. In fact, these findings suppose a major feelings satisfaction and loyalty as well as of a major predsposition to continue buying the olive oil from Bajo Aragon (Spain).
Perturbative Degrees of Freedom in Loop Quantum Gravity: Anisotropies
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Hernandez, Hector H.
name: Morales-Tecotl, Hugo A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between an isotropic and an anisotropic model in loop quantum cosmology is discussed in detail, comparing the strict symmetry reduction with a perturbative implementation of symmetry. While the latter cannot be done in a canonical manner, it allows to consider the dynamics including the role of small non-symmetric degrees of freedom for the symmetric evolution. This serves as a model for the general situation of perturbative degrees of freedom in a background independent quantization such as loop quantum gravity, and for the more complicated addition of perturbative inhomogeneities. While being crucial for cosmological phenomenology, it is shown that perturbative non-symmetric degrees of freedom do not allow definitive conclusions for the singularity issue and in such a situation could even lead to wrong claims.
description: 32 pages
Adaptive LASSO estimation for functional hidden dynamic geostatistical models
Creators: name: Maranzano, Paolo
name: Otto, Philipp
name: Fassò, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptive LASSO
subject: Air quality Lombardy
subject: Functional HDGM
subject: Geostatistical models
subject: Model selection
subject: Penalized maximum likelihood
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: We propose a novel model selection algorithm based on a penalized maximum likelihood estimator (PMLE) for functional hidden dynamic geostatistical models (f-HDGM). These models employ a classic mixed-effect regression structure with embedded spatiotemporal dynamics to model georeferenced data observed in a functional domain. Thus, the regression coefficients are functions. The algorithm simultaneously selects the relevant spline basis functions and regressors that are used to model the fixed effects. In this way, it automatically shrinks to zero irrelevant parts of the functional coefficients or the entire function for an irrelevant regressor. The algorithm is based on an adaptive LASSO penalty function, with weights obtained by the unpenalised f-HDGM maximum likelihood estimators. The computational burden of maximisation is drastically reduced by a local quadratic approximation of the log-likelihood. A Monte Carlo simulation study provides insight in prediction ability and parameter estimate precision, considering increasing spatiotemporal dependence and cross-correlations among predictors. Further, the algorithm behaviour is investigated when modelling air quality functional data with several weather and land cover covariates. Within this application, we also explore some scalability properties of our algorithm. Both simulations and empirical results show that the prediction ability of the penalised estimates are equivalent to those provided by the maximum likelihood estimates. However, adopting the so-called one-standard-error rule, we obtain estimates closer to the real ones, as well as simpler and more interpretable models.
Valoracion de bienes ambientales complejos: una alternativa multicriterio
Creators: name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Barreiro-Hurlé, Jesús
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Barreiro-Hurlé, Jesús
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: complex environmental goods
subject: heterogeneity
subject: attribute non-lineartiy
subject: multiattribute utility
subject: valuation
subject: bienes ambientales complejos
subject: heterogeneidad
subject: linealidad de atributos
subject: utilidad multiatributo
subject: valoracion

description: RESUMEN La valoración económica de bienes ambientales complejos presenta una serie de aspectos problemáticos. Este trabajo se centra en dos de ellos: la linealidad de los atributos en función de valor de estos bienes y la heterogeneidad en las funciones de utilidad de los individuos. Para ello se propone una metodología basada en la Teoría de la Utilidad Multiatributo que permite contrastar la importancia dada a estos aspectos. Dicha metodología se aplica a un espacio natural protegido en la provincia de Granada. De los resultados se puede concluir que la no-linealidad de los atributos y la heterogeneidad de las funciones de utilidad individuales son aspectos relevantes en la valoración de bienes ambientales. ABSTRACT Economic valuation of comlex environmental goods has several issues still opened to debate. This paper focuses on two of these aspects; linearity of attributes in the valuation funcion and individual utility function hetrogeneity. A methodological approach based on Multi-attribute Utility Theory is proposed which allows to contrast the impact of these concerns on environmental good valuation. We apply the proposed methodology to value a protected natural in the province of Granada (Spain). From the results obtained we can conclude that attribute non-linearity and individual utility function's heterogeneity are relevant aspects to be taken into account in environmental valuation.
Engineering of the qubit initialization in an imperfect physical system
Creators: name: Chen, Tianfeng
name: Wan, Lin
name: Qiu, Jiamin
name: Peng, Hong
name: Lu, Jie
name: Yan, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proposed a method to engineer the light matter interaction while initializing a qubit in presence of physical constraints utilizing the inverse engineering. Combining the multiple degrees of freedom in the pulse parameters with the perturbation theory, we developed pulses to initialize the qubit within a tightly packed frequency interval to an arbitrary superposition state with high fidelity. Importantly, the initialization induces low off-resonant excitations to the neighboring qubits, and it is robust against the spatial inhomogeneity in the laser intensity. We applied the method to the ensemble rare-earth ions system, and simulations show that the initialization is more robust against the variations in laser intensity than the previous pulses, and reduces the time that ions spend in the intermediate excited state by a factor of 17. The method is applicable to any systems addressed in frequency such as NV centers, superconducting qubits, quantum dots, and molecular qubit systems.
Trapped bosons, thermodynamic limit and condensation: a study in the framework of resolvent algebras
Creators: name: Bahns, Dorothea
name: Buchholz, Detlev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The virtues of resolvent algebras, compared to other approaches for the treatment of canonical quantum systems, are exemplified by infinite systems of non-relativistic bosons. Within this framework, equilibrium states of trapped and untrapped bosons are defined on a fixed C*-algebra for all physically meaningful values of the temperature and chemical potential. Moreover, the algebra provides the tools for their analysis without having to rely on 'ad hoc' prescriptions for the test of pertinent features, such as the appearance of Bose-Einstein condensates. The method is illustrated in case of non-interacting systems in any number of spatial dimensions and sheds new light on the appearance of condensates. Yet the framework also covers interactions and thus provides a universal basis for the analysis of bosonic systems.
description: 22 pages, no figures; v2: framework more detailed; v3: wording changed; v4: version as to appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Study of $β^+$/EC-decay properties of $sd$ shell nuclei using nuclear shell model
Creators: name: Surender
name: Kumar, Vikas
name: Srivastava, Praveen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our study employs the nuclear shell model to systematically compute the half-lives of $β$ -decay for nuclei in the mass range of $A = 18-39$, encompassing the majority of $sd$ shell nuclei. This analysis utilizes the USDB and SDNN Hamiltonians. The theoretical outcomes contain calculations of various parameters such as $Q$ -values, half-lives, excitation energy, log$ft$ values, and branching ratios. We explore these results with axial-vector coupling constant for weak interactions, denoted as $g_A$$(= 1.27)$, and $κ$ value $(= 6289)$. We perform calculations of Gamow Teller matrix elements for 116 decay processes to calculate the quenching factor; we found a quenching factor of $q = 0.794\pm0.05 $ for the USDB interaction and $q = 0.815\pm0.04 $ for the SDNN interaction. We have also calculated superallowed transitions $0^+ \rightarrow 0^+$ for seven nuclei. Further, we have also included the electron capture phase space factor for the required nuclei to calculate the half-lives. This inclusion leads to small contribution in results, particularly for nuclei where electron capture (EC) plays a significant role. The overall results are in agreement with the experimental data.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Investigation of the altered influence of physical stress by the use of ergonomically optimized forging tongs
Creators: name: Schellenberg, David
name: Kriwall, Mareile
name: Stonis, Malte
name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
Publisher: name: Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ergonomic
subject: Forging
subject: Forging tongs
subject: Physical stress
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Work-related illnesses and the resulting employee absences can have a major impact on productivity and competitiveness, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises. Particularly in the forging industry, the manual handling of forged parts leads to high physical stress and thus to frequent illnesses of the musculoskeletal system, especially of the hand-arm system. One possibility to counteract this circumstance is the use of ergonomic forging tongs. In the study presented here, the influence of ergonomic forging tongs on the physical stress of forging employees was investigated by simulation and experiment and compared to conventional forging tongs. Within the simulation and the experimental investigation, forging parts and forging tongs were varied. In the simulation, an ergonomics assessment of the forging situation could be evaluated using the Ergonomic Assessment Worksheet. In the experimental study, gripping force measurements and calorie measurements were used to determine the impact of handling the forging tongs on the forging employees. The results show that the use of the new ergonomically optimized forging tongs can lead to a significant physical relief for the forging employees. The knowledge gained from the ergonomically developed concepts can also be transferred in other industries.
Aproximacion a las perdidas economicas ocasionadas a corto plazo por los incendios forestales en Galicia en 2006
Creators: name: Barrio, Melina
name: Loureiro, Maria L.
name: Chas, Maria Luisa
name: Barrio, Melina
name: Loureiro, Maria L.
name: Chas, Maria Luisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: wildfires
subject: economic losses
subject: ecosystem services
subject: incendios forestales
subject: perdidas economicas
subject: servicios ecosistemicos

description: Resumen Este estudio cuantifica parte de las pérdidas económicas a corto plazo o inmediatas (excluyendo las de uso pasivo) ocasionadas por los incendios forestales de Galicia ocurridos en el 2006. El modelo de análisis se basa en la estimación económica de los servicios ecosistémicos perdidos debido a los incendios ocurridos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que los daños a corto plazo (desde agosto-diciembre 2006) reflejados en las partidas cuantificadas se aproximan a los 300 millones de euroes (dependiendo del escenario de análisis). ABSTRACT This study quantifies part of the short-term or immediate economic losses (excluding the non-use or pasive losses) caused by the wildfires in Galicia during 2006. The background of the empirical work is based on the ecosystem service approach that values the services not provided due to the existence of wildfires. The obtained results show that the inmediate losses are about 300 millions euros (depending on the scenario of analysis) for the period August-December 2006
Laser polarization as a critical factor on the SERS-based molecular sensing performance of nano-gapped Au nanowires
Creators: name: Roa, Simón
name: Kaihara, Terunori
name: Pedano, María Laura
name: Parsamyan, Henrik
name: Vavassori, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nowadays, Au dimer-based nanostructures are exhaustively studied due to their outstanding potential as plasmonic nanoantennas for future applications in high-sensitivity molecular sensing by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). In this work, we analyze nano-gapped Au nanowires (NWs) or Au-NWs dimers for designing efficient nanoantennas, reporting an exhaustive study about dimer length and laser polarization orientation effects on their SERS-based molecular sensing performance. Arrays of nanoantennas with gaps about 22 (+/-)4 [nm], nominal square cross-sections of 60 [nm] x 60 [nm], and different lengths from 300 [nm] up to 1200 [nm] were fabricated by Au evaporation and subsequent e-beam lithography. SERS performance was studied by confocal Raman microscopy using a linearly-polarized 633 [nm] laser. A critical impact of the polarization alignment on the spectral resolution of the studied Raman marker imprint was observed. Results show that the Raman signal is maximized by aligning the polarization orientation with the nanowire long axis, it is reduced by increasing the relative angle, and it is abruptly minimized when both are perpendicular. These observations were consistent with numerical simulations carried out by the FDTD method, which predict a similar dependence between the orientation of linearly-polarized light and electric-near field amplification in the nano-gap zone. Our results provide an interesting paradigm and relevant insights in determining the role of laser polarization on the Raman signal enhancement in nano-gapped Au nanowires, showing the key role of this measurement condition on the SERS-based molecular sensing efficiency of this kind of nanostructure.
Multimessenger parameter estimation of GW170817: from jet structure to the Hubble constant
Creators: name: Wang, Hao
name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic radiation that followed the neutron star merger event GW170817 revealed that gamma-ray burst afterglows from jets misaligned with our line of sight exhibit a light curve with slowly rising flux. The slope of the rising light curve depends sensitively on the angle of the observer with respect to the jet axis, which is likely to be perpendicular to the merger plane of the neutron star binary. Therefore, the afterglow emission can be used to constrain the inclination of the merging system. Here, we calculate the gamma-ray burst afterglow emission based on the realistic jet structure derived from general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamical simulations of a black hole torus system for the central engine of the gamma-ray burst. Combined with gravitational wave parameter estimation, we fit the multi-epoch afterglow emission of GW170817. We show that with such a jet model, the observing angle can be tightly constrained by multi messenger observations. The best fit observing angle of GW170817 is $θ_{\rm v} = 0.38\pm 0.02$ rad. With such a constraint, we can break the degeneracy between inclination angle and luminosity distance in gravitational wave parameter estimation, and substantially increase the precision with which the Hubble constant is constrained by the standard siren method. Our estimation of the distance is $D_{\rm L}=43.4\pm 1\ \rm Mpc$ and the Hubble constant constraint is $69.5\pm 4\ \mathrm{km\ s^{-1}\ Mpc^{-1}}$. As a result, multimessenger observations of short-duration gamma-ray bursts, combined with a good theoretical understanding of the jet structure, can be powerful probes of cosmological parameters.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Derechos de emision temporales procedentes de actividades de forestacion y reforestacion en el EU ETS
Creators: name: Bachiller Mendez, Ignacio
name: Fernandez-Cavada, Jose Luis
name: Martin Juez Labat, Jaime
name: Bachiller Mendez, Ignacio
name: Fernandez-Cavada, Jose Luis
name: Martin Juez Labat, Jaime
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: temporary allowances
subject: EU ETS
subject: afforestation
subject: CDM
subject: reforestation
subject: derechos temporales
subject: forestacion
subject: MDL
subject: reforestación

description: Resumen En este trabajo se examina el marco regulatorio establecido por la Convención Marco sobre Cambio Climático, el Protocolo de Kioto y sus Mecanismos de Flexibilidad, entre ellos el Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio (MDL) y el sistema europo de Comercio de Derechos de Emisión (EU ETS). Partiendo de este marco general se expone de qué modo se han incorporado las actividades de forestación y reforestación en el ámbito del MDL y su situación actual en el EU ETS. Se analizan los costes de transacción de este tipo de proyectos de MDL y el estado del mercado de derechos temporales que genera. Finalmente, a la vista de los elementos descritos, se formulan unas conclusiones con respecto a la conveniencia y expectativas del desarrollo futuro de este mercado. ABSTRACT The authors have assessed the regulatory framework set by the UNFCCC (United Nations Frame Convention on Climate Change), the Kyoto Protocol and is Flexible Mechanisms, including the CDM (Clena Development Mechanism), and the EU ETS (European Union Emissions Trading Scheme). After this general overview, the article shows how afforestation and reforestation activities have been incorporated into the CDM process and its current consideration under the EU ETS. Transaction costs of these types of CDM project activities are analyzed, together with the state of the temporary allowances market. Finally, taking into account the above mentioned elements, the authors draw several conclusions on the opportunity and expectations of the future development of this market. Keywords:
International and Internal Market Integration in Indian agriculture: A study of the Indian Rice Market
Creators: name: Jayasuriya, Sisira
name: Kim, Jae H.
name: Kumar, Parmod
name: Jayasuriya, Sisira
name: Kim, Jae H.
name: Kumar, Parmod
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: There has been concern about the effectiveness of India's agricultural policy reforms adopted in recent years as part of the overall policy liberalisation process. These concerns have been strengthened by studies of spatial market integration of major agricultural commodity markets, such as the rice market, which have concluded that Indian agricultural markets remain largely segmented and fragmented. These studies, however, have ignored possible structural breaks due to reform policies adopted since the early 1990s and the possible impact of world markets on domestic price movements. We show that the major reforms of the Indian rice market in 1994 has had a major impact on market integration, leading to much faster price convergence between domestic and international prices. The pace of price convergence is influenced by quality of infrastructure in the states and whether they produce market surpluses, possibly because of the asymmetric nature of foreign trade liberalisation in rice.
Remarks on a melonic field theory with cubic interaction
Creators: name: Benedetti, Dario
name: Delporte, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Amit-Roginsky (AR) model in the light of recent studies on Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) and tensor models, with which it shares some important features. It is a model of $N$ scalar fields transforming in an $N$-dimensional irreducible representation of $SO(3)$. The most relevant (in renormalization group sense) invariant interaction is cubic in the fields and mediated by a Wigner $3jm$ symbol. The latter can be viewed as a particular rank-3 tensor coupling, thus highlighting the similarity to the SYK model, in which the tensor coupling is however random and of even rank. As in the SYK and tensor models, in the large-$N$ limit the perturbative expansion is dominated by melonic diagrams. The lack of randomness, and the rapidly growing number of invariants that can be built with $n$ fields, makes the AR model somewhat closer to tensor models. We review the results from the old work of Amit and Roginsky with the hindsight of recent developments, correcting and completing some of their statements, in particular concerning the spectrum of the operator product expansion of two fundamental fields. For $5.74
description: v1:28 pages, 6 figures, v2: matches journal version, to appear in JHEP
Tunneling out of a time-dependent well
Creators: name: Kramer, Tobias
name: Moshinsky, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solutions to explicit time-dependent problems in quantum mechanics are rare. In fact, all known solutions are coupled to specific properties of the Hamiltonian and may be divided into two categories: One class consists of time-dependent Hamiltonians which are not higher than quadratic in the position operator, like i.e the driven harmonic oscillator with time-dependent frequency. The second class is related to the existence of additional invariants in the Hamiltonian, which can be used to map the solution of the time-dependent problem to that of a related time-independent one. In this article we discuss and develop analytic methods for solving time-dependent tunneling problems, which cannot be addressed by using quadratic Hamiltonians. Specifically, we give an analytic solution to the problem of tunneling from an attractive time-dependent potential which is embedded in a long-range repulsive potential. Recent progress in atomic physics makes it possible to observe experimentally time-dependent phenomena and record the probability distribution over a long range of time. Of special interest is the observation of macroscopical quantum-tunneling phenomena in Bose-Einstein condensates with time-dependent trapping potentials. We apply our model to such a case in the last section.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
La moda come traduzione culturale nel pianeta iperconnesso
Creators: name: Calefato, Patrizia
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: Fashionscapes; hyper-connected planet; cultural translation; clothed body; fashion and Coronavirus pandemic; Fashionscapes; pianeta iperconnesso; traduzione culturale; corpo rivestito; moda e pandemia da Coronavirus

description: This paper focuses on the role of fashion as a transcultural system that expresses tensions, hybridizations and translations across body languages in the context of the contemporary hyper-connected world. The methodology is founded on Fashion Theory conception of fashion as a system of meaning within which both cultural and aesthetic representations of the clothed body are produced. Since its origins, in the last decades of the Twentieth century, Fashion Theory has questioned the genealogy of the forms of the clothed body in different eras and different places of the world, as well as the cultural, social and economic processes that allow those forms to fully affirm themselves as “fashion”. Furthermore, the theoretical pledge of Fashion Theory is to deconstruct the universalistic and Eurocentric canons in the light of cultural studies, gender studies, and postcolonial critique. The paper is also an opportunity to re-read some “classic” texts, between the late Eighties and the early Two-Thousands, by Gayatri Spivak and Rey Chow. Moreover, the recent notion of fashionscapes, inspired by the Appadurai’s global cultural flows, sketches a vision of fashion as a process in continuous translation, creating new landscapes, perspectives and territories, both real and imagined, made of physical and sign matter. Within these landscapes, perspectives and territories, clothed bodies reproduce themselves on a planetary scale. Today, social media, fashion blogs, Instagram and YouTube profiles, are conceived no longer simply as virtual spaces, but rather as spaces that can be physically and communicatively perceived and experienced. The synergy among these spaces plays a significant role in the promotion of transcultural communication in fashion. The crisis originated by the Coronavirus pandemic accentuated, and will continue to accentuate, the process of communicative re-intermediation in the fashion digital environment in the perspective of a new idea of “collectivity”, made of interconnected subjects who are also responsible for others.
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale
The rise of supermarkets in developing countries: Implications for credit markets
Creators: name: Luc, Veyssiere
name: Luc, Veyssiere
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The rise of supermarket in developing countries has important implications for the agricultural system in these countries. To lessen the intense price competition in retail markets, supermarkets have introduced private food standards. While the literature has pointed out the additional financial burden for producers, associated with the introduction of supermarket standards, it has ignored its positive demand effect. This paper examines the relationship between downstream product competition and upstream credit access for agricultural producers. In doing so, the analysis shows that as long as there is coexistence of the supermarket and domestic marketing system the entry of supermarket should broaden the financial opportunities of the agricultural producers.
Are There Local Analogs of Lyman Break Galaxies?
Creators: name: Lowenthal, James D.
name: Durham, R. Nick
name: Lyons, Brian J.
name: Bershady, Matthew A.
name: Gallego, Jesus
name: Guzman, Rafael
name: Koo, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To make direct comparisons in the rest-far-ultraviolet between LBGs at z~3 and more local star-forming galaxies, we use HST/STIS to image a set of 12 nearby (z<0.05) HII galaxies in the FUV and a set of 14 luminous compact blue galaxies (LCBGs) at moderate redshift (z~0.5) in the NUV, corresponding to the rest-FUV. We then subject both sets of galaxy images and those of LBGs at z~3 to the same morphological and structural analysis. We find many qualitative and quantitative similarities between the rest-FUV characteristics of distant LBGs and of the more nearby starburst samples, including general morphologies, sizes, asymmetries, and concentrations. Along with some kinematic similarities, this implies that nearby HII galaxies and LCBGs may be reasonable local analogs of distant Lyman break galaxies.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To appear in "Starbursts: from 30 Doradus to Lyman Break Galaxies" 2005, eds. R. de Grijs and R. M. Gonzalez Delgado (Kluwer)
Esercizi decoloniali: il contributo di una pratica curatoriale situata
Creators: name: Ferlito, Alessandra
Publisher: name: ECHO
Year: 2020
Subjects: curating; coloniality; decolonial; whiteness; Hospitality; anti-racism; curatela; colonialità; decoloniale; bianchezza; ospitalità; anti-razzismo

description: This paper chronichles a curatorial experience based in Naples: the intercultural workshop of urban photography entitled Crossing Sights, started in November 2019 and still active. Rather than analysing the phases of the laboratory in a punctual and exhaustive fashion, the paper aims at commenting on the criticalities, limits and possibilities I have detected as a co-curator. My “enunciation” is situated in the interiority of an unperfect West (Cazzato 2019) and it employs the concept of curating as a practice of hospitality. In addition, it argues that the “decolonial curating” is an anti-racist practice of “listening” (Bayer, Kazeem-Kamiński, Sternfeld 2018) that is open to the "epistemic diversity" and to the "pluriversality" (Mignolo & Tlostanova 2006). The premise of my investigation is that we need to move beyond decolonization, towards "decolonialisation" (Borghi 2020). Born into the modern-western thought, curating can reply to this call by proposing itself as an exercise of deconstruction of "whiteness". The goal of curating should be to consider art as something different from modernist notions; therefore trying to work curatorially means to activate such work in terms of contents, opening the colonial archives, epistemics "de-linking" from modernity and “epistemic disobedience”, and ethics, positioning oneself and practicing self-critique. Central to the investigation is the main theme of Crossing Sights: "Neapolitanity", a label which serves the predatory objectives of capitalism and globalization. A trap that the laboratory has tried to criticize by adopting/embracing/employing the point of view of "others", and by shifting the attention from aesthetics to "aesthesis" (Mignolo 2019). Finally, while commenting on the strategy adopted in order to overcome the "coloniality", I suggest curating as a decolonial exercise generating gestures of anti-racist hospitality, that may help to think decolonially.
description: ECHO, N. 2 (2020): Semiosi della colonialità e dinamiche culturali al tempo della mobilità globale