cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Uncovering footprints of dipolar-octupolar quantum spin ice from neutron scattering signatures
Creators: name: Hosoi, Masashi
name: Zhang, Emily Z.
name: Patri, Adarsh S.
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on Ce$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$ suggest that this material may host a novel form of quantum spin ice, a three-dimensional quantum spin liquid with an emergent photon. The Ce$^{3+}$ local moments on the pyrochlore lattice are described by pseudospin 1/2 degrees of freedom, whose components transform as dipolar and octupolar moments under symmetry operations. In principle, there exist four possible quantum spin ice regimes, depending on whether the Ising component is in the dipolar/octupolar channel, and two possible flux configurations of the emergent gauge field. In this work, using exact diagonalization and molecular dynamics, we investigate the equal-time and dynamical spin structure factors in all four quantum spin ice regimes using quantum and classical computations. Contrasting the distinct signatures of quantum and classical results for the four possible quantum spin ice regimes and elucidating the role of quantum fluctuations, we show that the quantum structure factor computed for the $π$-flux octupolar quantum spin ice regime is most compatible with the neutron scattering results on Ce$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$.
description: 6+6 pages, 5+6 figures
title: Mind the concealed acute intracranial bleed on CT!
Creators: name: Huasen, Bella
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: CT
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Blood

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: In patients with coagulopathy and low haematocrit, acute intracranial haemorrhage can masquarde as isodense or hypodense abnormality to the rest of the brain parenchyma. Acute intracranialhaemorrhage on an unenhanced CT Head,in severely anaemic...
Improved assessment of the statistical stability of turbulent flows using extended Orr-Sommerfeld stability analysis
Creators: name: Markeviciute, Vilda K.
name: Kerswell, Rich R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of statistical stability is central to Malkus's 1956 attempt to predict the mean profile in shear flow turbulence. Here we discuss how his original attempt to assess this - an Orr-Sommerfeld analysis on the mean profile - can be improved by considering a cumulant expansion of the Navier-Stokes equations. Focusing on the simplest non-trivial closure (commonly referred to as CE2) which corresponds to the quasilinearized Navier-Stokes equations, we develop an extended Orr-Sommerfeld analysis (EOS) which also incorporates information about the fluctuation field. A more practical version of this - minimally extended Orr-Sommerfeld analysis (mEOS) - is identified and tested on a number of statistically-steady and therefore statistically stable turbulent channel flows. Beyond the concept of statistical stability, this extended stability analysis should also improve the popular approach of mean-flow linear analysis in time-dependent shear flows by including more information about the underlying flow in its predictions as well as for other flows with additional physics such as convection.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures
title: Meningeal Tumors in Young Adults: Differential Diagnosis and Imaging Markers of Atypical Behavior
Creators: name: Gomes Marques, Rita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Wereview the classification and etiology of meningiomas and other meningeal tumors, its clinical presentation and imaging features, focusing on significant findings. The atypical imaging findings are correlated with histological patterns. Based on...
Search for Charm-quark Production via Dimuons in Neutrino Telescopes
Creators: name: Sun, ChuanLe
name: Zhang, Fuyudi
name: Hu, Fan
name: Xu, Donglian
name: Gao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dimuon events induced by charm-quark productions from neutrino deep inelastic scattering (DIS) processes have been studied in traditional DIS experiments for decades. The recent progress in neutrino telescopes makes it possible to search such dimuon events at energies far beyond laboratory scale. In this paper, we construct a simulation framework to calculate yields and distributions of dimuon signals in an IceCube-like km3 scale neutrino telescope. Due to experimental limitation in the resolution of double-track lateral distance, only dimuon produced outside the detector volume are considered. Detailed information about simulation results for ten years exposure is demonstrated. Both an earlier work [1] and our work study a similar situation, we therefore use that paper as a baseline to conduct comparisons. We then estimate the impacts of different calculation methods of muon energy losses, and find that, the average energy loss formula used in that work results in more events by contrast with Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, we study the experimental potential of dimuon searches under the hypothesis of single-muon background-only. Our results based on a simplified double-track reconstruction indicate a moderate sensitivity especially with the ORCA configuration. Further developments on both the reconstruction algorithm and possible detector designs are thus required, and are under investigation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, published version
Vacuum stability and naturalness in type-II seesaw
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Ishida, Hiroyuki
name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Yamaguchi, Yuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vacuum stability and perturbativity conditions in the minimal type-II seesaw model. These conditions give characteristic constraints to model parameters. In the model, there is a $SU(2)_L$ triplet scalar field, which could cause a large Higgs mass correction. From the naturalness point of view, heavy Higgs masses should be lower than $350\,{\rm GeV}$, which can be testable by the LHC Run-II results. Due to effects of the triplet scalar field, branching ratios of the Higgs decay ($h\to γγ, Zγ$) deviate from the standard model, and large parameter region is excluded by the recent ATLAS and CMS combined analysis of $h\to γγ$. Our result of the signal strength for $h\to γγ$ is $R_{γγ} \lesssim 1.1$, but its deviation is too small to observe at the LHC experiment.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. Version accepted for publication in EPJC. All figures have been revised with using one-loop threshold corrections, but our results do not change
title: Ultrasonography of the eyeball. What a radiologist needs to know
Creators: name: Palominos Pose, Diego
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Eyes
subject: Anatomy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Education
subject: Image compression
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the technique of performing ultrasonography of the eyeball, the selection and configuration of the probe. Describe the study protocol. Identify ultrasonographically the different structures of the eyeball. Characterize the main pathologies...
Multiparticle collision simulations of dense stellar systems and plasmas
Creators: name: Di Cintio, P.
name: Pasquato, M.
name: Barbieri, L.
name: Bufferand, H.
name: Casetti, L.
name: Ciraolo, G.
name: Di Carlo, U. N.
name: Ghendrih, P.
name: Gunn, J. P.
name: Gupta, S.
name: Kim, H.
name: Lepri, S.
name: Livi, R.
name: Simon-Petit, A.
name: Trani, A. A.
name: Yoon, S. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize a series of numerical experiments of collisional dynamics in dense stellar systems such as globular clusters (GCs) and in weakly collisional plasmas using a novel simulation technique, the so-called Multi-particle collision (MPC) method, alternative to Fokker-Planck and Monte Carlo approaches. MPC is related to particle-mesh approaches for the computation of self consistent long-range fields, ensuring that simulation time scales with $N\log N$ in the number of particles, as opposed to $N^2$ for direct $N$-body. The collisional relaxation effects are modelled by computing particle interactions based on a collision operator approach that ensures rigorous conservation of energy and momenta and depends only on particles velocities and cell-based integrated quantities.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 362 IAU symposium "Predictive Power of Computational Astrophysics as a Discovery Tool". Chamonix, France 8-12 Nov. 2021
title: The common, and not-so-common, renal tumours - an illustrative review of primary adult malignant renal tumours for the trainee and general radiologist.
Creators: name: Bonanno, Nathania
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Oncology
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. The aim of this pictorial collection is to serve as an educational tool for radiologists-in-training in the setting of renal tumours. 2. To aid in the characterization of solid renal masses on computed tomography. 3. To showcase the differential...
Towards a new GGOS affiliate: GGOS IberAtlantic
Creators: name: Azcue, Esther
name: Costa, Duarte
name: Ferrándiz Leal, José Manuel
name: FV. Gomes, Cláudio
name: López Fernández, José Antonio
name: Medeiro, Ana
name: VMS. Moniz, Luisa
name: Ribeiro, Helena
name: Patricio, Paulo Manuel
name: MM. Rodrigues, Rita
name: Romero Pérez, Pilar
name: Sanches, Paula
name: Sánchez Piedra, Miguel Ángel
name: Valdés Pérez de Vargas, Marcelino
name: Vigo Aguiar, Isabel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GGOS
Global Geodesy
GGOS Affiliate

description: The proposal for a new GGOS affiliate is currently under consideration. Spain and Portugal are assessing the feasibility and potential advantages that the GGOS IberAtlantic could bring to both countries. The current status of the proposal is presented.
Pew Research Center Poll: Pew Social Trends--Gender
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: Happiness (1); satisfaction (3); health (1); stress (1); smoking (2); flu shot (1); racial discrimination (1); discrimination against women (1); family decision (4); men vs. women (2); gender of political leaders (8); gender characteristics (11); gender honesty (1); traditional roles (1); women in corporate positions (7); working with woman supervisor (1); gender preference of boss (1); gender preference (7); women in high political office (7); admiring political leader (1); leadership characteristics (8); child gender preference (1); family income (2).
Shedding Light on the EOS-Gravity Degeneracy and Constraining the Nuclear Symmetry Energy from the Gravitational Binding Energy of Neutron Stars
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Tao
name: Fattoyev, F. J.
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Newton, W. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough understanding of properties of neutron stars requires both a reliable knowledge of the equation of state (EOS) of super-dense nuclear matter and the strong-field gravity theories simultaneously. To provide information that may help break this EOS-gravity degeneracy, we investigate effects of nuclear symmetry energy on the gravitational binding energy of neutron stars within GR and the scalar-tensor subset of alternative gravity models. We focus on effects of the slope $L$ of nuclear symmetry energy at saturation density and the high-density behavior of nuclear symmetry energy. We find that the variation of either the density slope $L$ or the high-density behavior of nuclear symmetry energy leads to large changes in the binding energy of neutron stars. The difference in predictions using the GR and the scalar-tensor theory appears only for massive neutron stars, and even then is significantly smaller than the difference resulting from variations in the symmetry energy.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies (OMEG2015) , June 24-27, 2015, Beijing, China
Magnetic stiffness calculation for the corresponding force between two current-carrying circular filaments arbitrarily oriented in the space
Creators: name: Poletkin, Kirill
name: Babic, Slobodan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, sets of analytical formulas for calculation of nine components of magnetic stiffness of corresponding force arising between two current-carrying circular filaments arbitrarily oriented in the space are derived by using Babic's method and the method of mutual inductance (Kalantarov-Zeitlin's method). Formulas are presented through integral expressions, whose kernel function is expressed in terms of the elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds. Also, we obtained an additional set of expressions for calculation of components of magnetic stiffness by means of differentiation of Grover's formula of the mutual inductance between two circular filaments with respect to appropriate coordinates. The derived sets of formulas were mutually validated and results of calculation of components of magnetic stiffness agree well to each other.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.09496
The Growing Potential for K-band (24 GHz) Geodesy
Creators: name: De Witt, Aletha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: VLBI, ICRF, astrometry, geodesy, celestial reference frame, GGOS

description: In 2018 the K-band (24 GHz) astrometric catalogue was adopted as part of the third realisation of the International Celestial Reference Frame, the ICRF3. As of August 2023, the K-band Celestial Reference Frame (K-CRF) consists of 1187 relatively uniformly distributed sources - comparable to the number of regularly observed sources at S/X-band - derived from 153 observing sessions and more than 2.3 million observations. For K-CRF sources overlapping with the S/X-band celestial reference frame, the median precision of the K-band frame is now comparable to the standard S/X-band frame. This development, as well as the fact that Global astrometric VLBI solutions normally solve for source coordinates as well as VLBI station positions & velocities and the five daily EOPs, highlights the growing potential for K-band geodesy. As part of our ongoing commitment outlined in our roadmap, we are dedicated to continually enhancing, maintaining, and refining the K-CRF. One of our main objectives within this roadmap is to ensure the accessibility of K-band products to the astrometric and geodetic community, fostering the capacity for multi-frequency and multi-technique comparisons. This endeavour will, in turn, facilitate a synergistic blending of approaches, driving advancements within the field.
Holographic RG flows in N=3 Chern-Simons-Matter theory from N=3 4D gauged supergravity
Creators: name: Karndumri, Parinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study various supersymmetric RG flows of $N=3$ Chern-Simons-Matter theory in three dimensions by using four-dimensional $N=3$ gauged supergravity coupled to eight vector multiplets with $SO(3)\times SU(3)$ gauge group. The $AdS_4$ critical point preserving the full $SO(3)\times SU(3)$ provides a gravity dual of $N=3$ superconformal field theory with flavor symmetry $SU(3)$. We study the scalar potential and identify a new supersymmetric $AdS_4$ critical point preserving the full $N=3$ supersymmetry and unbroken $SO(3)\times U(1)$ symmetry. An analytic RG flow solution interpolating between $SO(3)\times SU(3)$ and $SO(3)\times U(1)$ critical points is explicitly given. We then investigate possible RG flows from these $AdS_4$ critical points to non-conformal field theories in the IR. All of the singularities appearing in the IR turn out to be physically acceptable. Furthermore, we look for supersymmetric solutions of the form $AdS_2\times Σ_2$ with $Σ_2$ being a two-sphere or a two-dimensional hyperbolic space and find a number of $AdS_2$ geometries preserving four supercharges with $SO(2)\times SO(2)\times SO(2)$ and $SO(2)\times SO(2)$ symmetries.
description: 29 pages, no figures, typos corrected and more details and comments added
Fused kernel-spline smoothing for repeatedly measured outcomes in a generalized partially linear model with functional single index
Creators: name: Jiang, Fei
name: Ma, Yanyuan
name: Wang, Yuanjia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a generalized partially linear functional single index risk score model for repeatedly measured outcomes where the index itself is a function of time. We fuse the nonparametric kernel method and regression spline method, and modify the generalized estimating equation to facilitate estimation and inference. We use local smoothing kernel to estimate the unspecified coefficient functions of time, and use B-splines to estimate the unspecified function of the single index component. The covariance structure is taken into account via a working model, which provides valid estimation and inference procedure whether or not it captures the true covariance. The estimation method is applicable to both continuous and discrete outcomes. We derive large sample properties of the estimation procedure and show a different convergence rate for each component of the model. The asymptotic properties when the kernel and regression spline methods are combined in a nested fashion has not been studied prior to this work, even in the independent data case.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOS1330 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Internal Structure of Asteroids Having Surface Shedding due to Rotational Instability
Creators: name: Hirabayashi, Masatoshi
name: S'anchez, Diego Paul
name: Scheeres, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface shedding of an asteroid is a failure mode where surface materials fly off due to strong centrifugal forces beyond the critical spin period, while the internal structure does not deform significantly. This paper proposes a possible structure of an asteroid interior that leads to such surface shedding due to rapid rotation rates. A rubble pile asteroid is modeled as a spheroid composed of a surface shell and a concentric internal core, the entire assembly called the test body. The test body is assumed to be uniformly rotating around a constant rotation axis. We also assume that while the bulk density and the friction angle are constant, the cohesion of the surface shell is different from that of the internal core. First, developing an analytical model based on limit analysis, we provide the upper and lower bounds for the actual surface shedding condition. Second, we use a Soft-Sphere Discrete Element Method (SSDEM) to study dynamical deformation of the test body due to a quasi-static spin-up. In this paper we show the consistency of both approaches. Additionally, the SSDEM simulations show that the initial failure always occurs locally and not globally. In addition, as the core becomes larger, the size of lofted components becomes smaller. These results imply that if there is a strong enough core in a progenitor body, surface shedding is the most likely failure mode.
description: Accepted for publication in The ApJ
Addressing Mental Health Stigma in Hispanic Adolescents
Creators: name: Marroquin, Joanna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: High mental health stigma in Hispanic is an area of study that requires more attention. There are significant gaps in research on this subject. This is especially true among Hispanic adolescents who are still developing and are in an influential part of their life. Hispanic adolescents have higher rates of considering suicide, making suicide plans, and actually attempting suicide than white adolescents.  There are several reasons why individuals might not seek treatment from a provider. A serious reason is that many experience high mental health stigma. Fearing or experiencing negative labels associated with having a mental illness can lead to individuals refusing to seek treatment.1. Latinos are also less likely seek mental health services compared to other ethnicities or races. Interventions that can help lessen mental health stigma in adolescents may help in increasing treatment rates. The pilot program proposed is based on the SPEAK program by Bulanda et al. (2014). With the aid of the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation, this program will be adapted to Hispanic adolescents. The primary goal of this program is to reduce mental health stigma.
On the bar formation mechanism in galaxies with cuspy bulges
Creators: name: Polyachenko, Evgeny
name: Berczik, Peter
name: Just, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show by numerical simulations that a purely stellar dynamical model composed of an exponential disc, a cuspy bulge, and an NFW halo with parameters relevant to the Milky Way Galaxy is subject to bar formation. Taking into account the finite disc thickness, the bar formation can be explained by the usual bar instability, in spite of the presence of an inner Lindblad resonance, that is believed to damp any global modes. The effect of replacing the live halo and bulge by a fixed external axisymmetric potential (rigid models) is studied. It is shown that while the e-folding time of bar instability increases significantly (from 250 to 500 Myr), the bar pattern speed remains almost the same. For the latter, our average value of 55 km/s/kpc agrees with the assumption that the Hercules stream in the solar neighbourhood is an imprint of the bar--disc interaction at the outer Lindblad resonance of the bar. Vertical averaging of the radial force in the central disc region comparable to the characteristic scale length allows us to reproduce the bar pattern speed and the growth rate of the rigid models, using normal mode analysis of linear perturbation theory in a razor thin disc. The strong increase of the e-folding time with decreasing disc mass predicted by the mode analysis suggests that bars in galaxies similar to the Milky Way have formed only recently.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, submitted to MNRAS Dec 2015, accepted Jul 29, 2016
title: Childhood osteomyelitis – findings with MRI evaluation
Creators: name: Matos, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Infection
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe and illustrate the spectrum of magnetic resonance findings of osteomyelitis in children. To emphasize magnetic resonance imaging (MIR) significance in the diagnosis, evaluation of extension and complications and to the therapeutic...
Strangeness $S = -2$ baryon-baryon interactions and femtoscopic correlation functions in covariant chiral effective field theory
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-Wei
name: Li, Kai-Wen
name: Geng, Li-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the baryon-baryon interactions with strangeness $S = -2$ and corresponding momentum correlation functions in leading order covariant chiral effective field theory. The relevant low energy constants are determined by fitting to the latest HAL QCD simulations, taking into account all the coupled channels. Extrapolating the so-obtained strong interactions to the physical point and considering both quantum statistical effects and the Coulomb interaction, we calculate the $ΛΛ$ and $Ξ^-p$ correlation functions with a spherical Gaussian source and compare them with the recent experimental data. We find remarkable agreement between our predictions and the experimental measurements by using the source radius determined in proton-proton correlations, which demonstrates the consistency between theory, experiment, and lattice QCD simulations. Moreover, we predict the $Σ^+Σ^+$, $Σ^+Λ$, and $Σ^+Σ^-$ interactions and corresponding momentum correlation functions. We further investigate the influence of the source shape and size of the hadron pair on the correlation functions studied and show that the current data are not very sensitive to the source shape. Future experimental measurement of the predicted momentum correlation functions will provide a non-trivial test of not only SU(3) flavor symmetry and its breaking but also the baryon-baryon interactions derived in covariant chiral effective field theory.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures; version accepted for publication in Chinese Physics C
The Golden Arches Theory of Public Health
Creators: name: Potter, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The Golden Arches Theory of Public Health states that countries with McDonalds have better health. It combines public health research with political science theory to view the effects of globalization as represented by the presence of McDonald’s. Specifically, it looks at the connection between the direct health indicators of life expectancy, infant mortality, and global nutrition index, with the indirect indicators of economic, political, and health system status. The country comparison results show that as proven by multiple determinants and simple logic syllogism, countries with McDonald’s do have better health. The implications do not mean public health practitioners should advocate bringing McDonald’s to impoverished countries to improve their health. Rather, this theory validates the necessity that public health programs tie into a larger network including economic, social, and political factors.
title: Imaging the post-operative spine – are we united in where we stand?
Creators: name: Kumaraguru, Janani
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Technical aspects
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Interpreting the appearances post surgery (laminectomy / discectomy) in the lumbar spine can be at times challenging. Gadolinium enhanced images may help identify or discriminate common complications i.e residual / recurrent disc, post surgical...
Model-based Hydrodynamic Leveling
Creators: name: Slobbe, Cornelis
name: Afrasteh, Yosra
name: Verlaan, Martin
name: Klees, Roland
name: Sacher, Martina
name: Guarneri, Henrique
name: Keyzer, Lennart
name: Pietrzak, Julie
name: Snellen, Mirjam
name: Firmijn Zijl
name: Vahidreza Jahanmard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: model-based hydrodynamic leveling, height system realization, hydrodynamic models, height datum unification

description: Presentation about model-based hydrodynamic leveling.
An all-coupling theory for the Fröhlich polaron
Creators: name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fröhlich model describes the interaction of a mobile impurity with a surrounding bath of phonons which leads to the formation of a quasiparticle, the polaron. In this article an efficient renormalization group approach is presented which provides a description of Fröhlich polarons in all regimes ranging from weak- to strong coupling. We apply the method to the Bose polaron problem of an ultracold impurity atom interacting with a background gas that is Bose-condensed. The extended renormalization group approach introduced here is capable to predict ground state properties for arbitrarily small impurity masses. This allows us to obtain the full phase diagram of the corresponding Bogoliubov-Fröhlich Hamiltonian, characterized by two dimensionless coupling constants. Our method is benchmarked by comparison of the ground state energy to recent diagrammatic quantum Monte Carlo calculations.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, text overlap with arXiv:1507.08248v1
Handwerksunternehmen und handwerkliche Qualifikationen – empirische Hinweise zur Rolle des Handwerks im Innovationssystem
Creators: name: Thomä, Jörg
Publisher: name: Göttingen : ifh, Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen
Year: 2018
Subjects: Innovationssystem
Innovation ohne FuE
Berufsbildung
Handwerk

description: The proportion of craftsmen in the overall labor force is 33 % higher in rural counties (Kreise und kreisfreie Städte) than in urban ones. Rural counties are characterized by lower levels of prosperity and the crafts play a stabilizing role, lowers poverty, integrates young people into the labor force und promotes a livable social environment. The crafts sector also plays a minor role in urban areas. In most of the 402 German counties, the proportion of craftsmen in the overall labor force lies above 10 %. This study focusses on rural regions however, that can be called core crafts regions. The following questions will be answered in this study: 1. What function does the crafts sector have in rural regions? There are positive effects of innovative crafts products and services for regional economies. Young workers who would otherwise have trouble entering the labor market are supported by crafts training, thereby lowering poverty. The crafts sector provides goods and services in sparsely populated areas. 2. Are there typical characteristics of crafts counties? Crafts counties are different from non-crafts counties. They display lower per capita levels of GDP and they are mostly rural. Nevertheless, there is less poverty in crafts regions than in non-crafts regions and the longer term population dynamics are more stable. 3. What are the regions benefitting from regional economic subsidies provided by the government? Crafts regions receive less regional economic aid than non-crafts regions. The current support system benefits settlement areas that are strongly affected by population decline. If one accepts the existence of regional economic support in principle, it must nevertheless be asked whether such a support policy can be regarded as sustainable. 4. Once a crafts region always a crafts region? The historical persistence of regional economic structures. It can be shown that regions whose economic structures were characterized by the crafts in 1926 also display a strong crafts focus today. There is evidence for even older roots of such a crafts structure. In particular, if a region tended to display a low productivity agricultural structure in the 19th century it is likely to develop a crafts structure over time, which then persists over many decades.
description: Göttinger Beiträge zur Handwerksforschung ; 23
Physics of neutrino flavor transformation through matter-neutrino resonances
Creators: name: Wu, Meng-Ru
name: Duan, Huaiyu
name: Qian, Yong-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In astrophysical environments such as core-collapse supernovae and neutron star-neutron star or neutron star-black hole mergers where dense neutrino media are present, matter-neutrino resonances (MNRs) can occur when the neutrino propagation potentials due to neutrino-electron and neutrino-neutrino forward scattering nearly cancel each other. We show that neutrino flavor transformation through MNRs can be explained by multiple adiabatic solutions similar to the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein mechanism. We find that for the normal neutrino mass hierarchy, neutrino flavor evolution through MNRs can be sensitive to the shape of neutrino spectra and the adiabaticity of the system, but such sensitivity is absent for the inverted hierarchy.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A comparison of macroscopic models describing the collective response of sedimenting rod-like particles in shear flows
Creators: name: Helzel, Christiane
name: Tzavaras, Athanasios E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76T20, 82C24, 35B36

description: We consider a kinetic model, which describes the sedimentation of rod-like particles in dilute suspensions under the influence of gravity. This model has recently been derived by Helzel and Tzavaras in \cite{HT2015}. Here we restrict our considerations to shear flow and consider a simplified situation, where the particle orientation is restricted to the plane spanned by the direction of shear and the direction of gravity. For this simplified kinetic model we carry out a linear stability analysis and we derive two different macroscopic models which describe the formation of clusters of higher particle density. One of these macroscopic models is based on a diffusive scaling, the other one is based on a so-called quasi-dynamic approximation. Numerical computations, which compare the predictions of the macroscopic models with the kinetic model, complete our presentation.
description: Keywords: rod-like particles, sedimentation, linear stability, moment closure, quasi-dynamic approximation, diffusive scaling
title: Pelvic inflammatory disease – spectrum of tomodensitometric findings
Creators: name: Matos, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe and illustrate the spectrum of tomodensitometric (TDM) findings of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). It is important to be familiarized with these different possible findings - especially the early ones - not only to accurately...
Modelling astrophysical fluids with particles
Creators: name: Rosswog, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computational fluid dynamics is a crucial tool to theoretically explore the cosmos. In the last decade, we have seen a substantial methodological diversification with a number of cross-fertilizations between originally different methods. Here we focus on recent developments related to the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. We briefly summarize recent technical improvements in the SPH-approach itself, including smoothing kernels, gradient calculations and dissipation steering. These elements have been implemented in the Newtonian high-accuracy SPH code MAGMA2 and we demonstrate its performance in a number of challenging benchmark tests. Taking it one step further, we have used these new ingredients also in the first particle-based, general-relativistic fluid dynamics code that solves the full set of Einstein equations, SPHINCS_BSSN. We present the basic ideas and equations and demonstrate the code performance at examples of relativistic neutron stars that are evolved self-consistently together with the spacetime.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Interdimensional optical isospectrality inspired by graph networks
Creators: name: Yu, Sunkyu
name: Piao, Xianji
name: Hong, Jiho
name: Park, Namkyoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A network picture has been applied to various physical and biological systems to understand their governing mechanisms intuitively. Utilizing discretization schemes, both electrical and optical materials can also be interpreted as abstract 'graph' networks composed of couplings (edges) between local elements (vertices), which define the correlation between material structures and wave flows. Nonetheless, the fertile structural degrees of freedom in graph theory have not been fully exploited in physics owing to the suppressed long-range interaction between far-off elements. Here, by exploiting the mathematical similarity between Hamiltonians in different dimensions, we propose the design of reduced-dimensional optical structures that perfectly preserve the level statistics of disordered graph networks with significant long-range coupling. We show that the disorder-induced removal of the level degeneracy in high-degree networks allows their isospectral projection to one-dimensional structures without any disconnection. This inter-dimensional isospectrality between high- and low-degree graph-like structures enables the ultimate simplification of broadband multilevel devices, from three- to one-dimensional structures.
Effect of Transfer Status on Mortality for Trauma Patients in the Developing Countries
Creators: name: Lu, Yemeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Trauma injuries accounts for the greatest portion of surgical conditions worldwide and developing countries are disproportionally affected. Strengthening trauma care in developing countries is crucial to reducing global trauma mortality. Studies have shown an association between transfer status (direct transport versus inter-hospital transfers) and the outcome of trauma patients in developed countries. We first systematically reviewed and summarized trials that investigated this association in developing countries. We then assessed mortality differences between trauma patients transferred from a referral facility and those taken directly from the trauma scene to a trauma center in a Sub-Saharan African country. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE and EMBASE to identity eligible studies from the developing countries investigating the association between transfer status and mortality and extracted data on study setting, patient characteristics, transfer status, mortality and strength of association. We then conducted a retrospective analysis of patients in the Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) trauma registry from 2008 to 2012. We then analyzed patient characteristics and performed logistic regression modeling for survival comparing the two patient groups. Results: Five observational cohort studies from four developing countries were included in the systematic review. All studies reported favorable outcome for the direct admission group when compared to the transfer group, but the methodological quality of the studies was variable with intermediate to high potential for selection bias and confounding bias. For the analysis at KCH, there were 4,997 patients transferred from referring facilities and 41,088 patients transported from the scene. There was no statistically significant clinical difference between groups. Survival was 95.8 and 98.4% for transferred and scene patients, respectively. The adjusted mortality odds ratio was 1.63 (1.20-2.22); P<0.0001 for transferred versus scene patients, after controlling for age, sex, mechanism of injury, mode of transportation, hours to presentation, and initial AVPU. Conclusion: Based on the systematic review, evidence derived from the studies with varying quality is not sufficiently robust to determine mortality differences by transfer status for trauma patients in the developing countries. Our analysis based at KCH in Malawi showed that trauma patients taken directly from the scene to the tertiary care center have improved survival. These findings suggest that efforts at improving trauma systems in this setting should be focused on strengthening pre-hospital care and basic stabilization at district hospitals.
title: Assessment and Management of Paediatric Intracranial Aneurysm. A single center experience.
Creators: name: Schmitt, Anne
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Aneurysms
subject: Stents
subject: Embolisation
subject: Balloon occlusion
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Paediatric
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Intracranial aneurysms are rare in children, with a prevalence of 0.5% to 4.6% quoted in the literature (1-4). They differ in many ways from intracranial aneurysms seen in adults. Previous studies have shown, that they have a higher incidence of...
title: "We take the risk of hope"
title: Überlegungen zu akademischer (Reproduktions-)Arbeit im Anschluss an das Vernetzungstreffen "Feministische Geographien" in Hamburg
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fraeser, Nina
name: Klosterkamp, Sarah
name: Kühn, Juliane
name: Kuschinski, Eva
name: Martens, Theresa
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Universität
subject: Wissenschaft
subject: Feministische Kritik
subject: Sorgearbeit
subject: Widerstand
subject: Lehre
subject: Ausbeutung
subject: Alltag
subject: Feminismus
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Universität und Stadt als Orte der gesellschaftlichen Reproduktion sind durch Hierarchien, Herausforderungen und Zwänge gekennzeichnet, die einer feministisch solidarischen Praxis in vielerlei Hinsicht (diametral) entgegenstehen. Entlang der Diskussionen von Beispielen aktueller Reproduktionsverhältnisse und Bedingungen von Care-Arbeit, sowohl in der Akademie als auch in der Stadt, wollen wir mit diesem Beitrag Erfahrungen und Möglichkeiten besprechen, die während des Vernetzungstreffens „Feministische Geographien“ im April 2017 in Hamburg gemeinsam erprobt wurden.
title: Optimal scanning delay for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Is a single delay CT enough? The analysis of perfusion CT.
Creators: name: Rozengauz, Evgeny
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To compare sensitivity of CT performed at pancreatic delay to perfusion CT's...
Organic breeding and quality of wheat in the ECOBREED project
Creators: name: Apacsová-Fusková, Miroslava
name: Gavurníková, Soňa
name: Hendrichová, Jana
name: Hauptvogel, Pavol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: wheat - Triticum aestivum
organic farming
breeding
end-use quality
protein

description: Presentations on (i) organic breeding and (ii) quality of winter wheat in the ECOBREED project given at the "Days of organic farming" on September 26, 2023, at VÚOOD (Výskumný ústav ovocných a okrasných drevín) a.s., Bojnice, Slovak Republic. (i) Fusková M.: Význam ekologického šľachtenia - Projekt ECOBREED (ii) Gavurníková S., Apacsová-Fusková M., Hendrichová J., Hauptvogel P.: Kvalitatívne ukazovatele odrôd pšeníc v projekte ECOBREED
Holographic Ricci DE as running vacuum with nonlinear interactions
Creators: name: George, Paxy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic Ricci dark energy can be treated as a running vacuum due to its analogy in the energy density, which is a combination of $H$ and $\dot H$, the model can predict either eternal acceleration or eternal deceleration. In the earlier works, we have shown that the presence of additive constant in the energy density or by considering possible interaction between dark sectors through a phenomenological term, the model can predict a transition from a prior decelerated to a late accelerated epoch. This paper analyses the cosmic evolution of holographic Ricci dark energy as a running vacuum with a nonlinear interaction between dark sectors in a flat FLRW universe. We consider three possible nonlinear interaction forms which give analytically feasible solutions. We have constrained the model using the Type1a Supernova(Pantheon)+CMB(Planck 2018)+BAO(SDSS) data and evaluated the best-estimated values of all the model parameters. We have analyzed the evolution of the Hubble parameter and deceleration parameter of all three cases. We perform state finder analysis of the model, which implies the quintessence nature of the model and found that it is distinguishably different from the standard $Λ$CDM model. The dynamical system analysis of all three cases confirms the evolution of the universe from an unstable prior matter-dominated era to a stable end de Sitter phase.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
title: Thoracic lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: Findings on HRCT
Creators: name: Palominos Pose, Diego
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image compression
subject: Education
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung
subject: Thorax
subject: Arthritides

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the pathology and symptoms/signs of lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Describe and explain the findings of pulmonary involvement of RA in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Understand and describe the radiological...