cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Micromegas readouts for double beta decay searches
Creators: name: Cebrián, S.
name: Dafni, T.
name: Ferrer-Ribas, E.
name: Galán, J.
name: García, J. A.
name: Giomataris, I.
name: Gómez, H.
name: Herrera, D. C.
name: Iguaz, F. J.
name: Irastorza, I. G.
name: Luzón, G.
name: Rodríguez, A.
name: Seguí, L.
name: Tomás, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double beta $ββ$ decay experiments are one of the most active research topics in Neutrino Physics. The measurement of the neutrinoless mode $0νββ$ could give unique information on the neutrino mass scale and nature. The current generation of experiments aims at detector target masses at the 100 kg scale, while the next generation will need to go to the ton scale in order to completely explore the inverse hierarchy models of neutrino mass. Very good energy resolutions and ultra-low background levels are the two main experimental requirements for a successful experiment. The topological information of the $ββ$ events offered by gaseous detectors like gas Time Projection Chambers (TPC) could provide a very powerful tool of signal identification and background rejection. However only recent advances in TPC readouts may assure the competitiveness of a high pressure gas TPCs for $ββ$ searches, especially regarding the required energy resolution. In this paper we present first results on energy resolution with state-of-the-art microbulk Micromesh Gas Amplification Structure (Micromegas) using a 5.5 MeV alpha source in high pressure pure xenon. Resolutions down to 2 % FWHM have been achieved for pressures up to 5 bar. These results, together with their recently measured radiopurity , prove that Micromegas readouts are not only a viable option but a very competitive one for $ββ$ searches.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Extracting Translation Pairs from Social Network Content
Creators: name: Eck, Matthias
name: Zhang, Joy
name: Waibel, Alexander
name: Zemlyanskiy, Yury
Publisher: name: Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
Year: 2014

description: We introduce two methods to collect additional training data for statistical machine translation systems from public social network content. The first method identifies multilingual content where the author self-translated their own post to reach additional friends, fans or customers. Once identified, we can split the post in the language segments and extract translation pairs from this content. The second methods considers web links (URLs) that users add as part of their post to point the reader to a video, article or website. If the same URL is shared from different language users, there is a chance they might give the same comment in their respective language. We use a support vector machine (SVM) as a classifier to identify true translations from all candidate pairs. We collected additional translation pairs using both methods for the language pairs Spanish-English and Portuguese-English. Testing the collected data as additional training data for statistical machine translations on in-domain test sets resulted in very significant improvements of up to 5 BLEU.
Embeddedness of digital start-ups in development contexts: field experience from Latin America
Creators: name: Quinones, Gerardo
name: Heeks, Richard
name: Nicholson, Brian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Context is a key mediator of the relation between digital and development, including digital enterprise and development. Yet this mediation is little-understood in terms of contextual embeddedness. To address this gap, we analyse field evidence on digital start-ups in Latin America’s four largest economies using the Triple Embeddedness Framework (TEF). We find digital start-ups have multiple, hybrid embeddedness: in product and digital sector regimes, in local and global industry regimes, and in their economic and socio-political environment. Successful digital start-ups have optimal embeddedness: strong enough to provide flows of knowledge and resources; not so strong as to constrain innovation. Positioning of global South digital start-ups on the relative periphery of the global economy has benefits; allowing ideas to flow in but offering some protection from external competition. Alongside this new conceptualisation of digital enterprise and development, conclusions are drawn for future research, government policy and business strategy.
Experimental Investigation of a Thermosyphon Economizer to Recover Waste Heat in the Electronics Industry
Creators: name: Pracha Yeunyongkul
Publisher: name: Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna
Year: 2018
Subjects: Thermosyphon
Economizer
Electronics Industry
Working Fluid

description: วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร สาขาวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 12, 2, 95-102
Period changes and four-color light curves of the active overcontact binary v396 monocerotis
Creators: name: Liang, Liu
name: Shengbang, Qian
name: Wenping, Liao
name: Jiajia, He
name: Liying, Zhu
name: Linjia, Li
name: Ergang, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper analyzes the first secured four color light curves of V396 Mon using the 2003 version of the WD code. It is confirmed that V396 Mon is a shallow W-type contact binary system with a mass ratio $q=2.554(\pm0.004)$ and a degree of contact factor $f=18.9%(\pm1.2%)$. A period investigation based on all available data shows that the period of the system includes a long-term decrease ($dP/dt=-8.57\times{10^{-8}}$ days/year) and an oscillation ($A_3=0.^{d}0160$; $T_3=42.4\,years$). They are caused by angular momentum loss (AML) and light-time effect, respectively. The suspect third body perhaps is a small M-type star (about 0.31 solar mass). Though some proofs show that this system has strong magnetic activity, through analyzing we found that the Applegate mechanism cannot explain the periodic changes. This binary is an especially important system according to Qian's statistics of contact binaries as its mass ratio lies near the proposed pivot point about which the physical structure of contact binaries supposedly oscillate.
Plasmon excitations on a single-wall carbon nanotube by external charges: two-dimensional, two-fluid hydrodynamic model
Creators: name: Mowbray, D. J.
name: Segui, S.
name: Gervasoni, J.
name: Miskovic, Z. L.
name: Arista, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantization of the hydrodynamic model to describe the excitation of plasmons in a single-walled carbon nanotube by a fast point charge moving near its surface at an arbitrary angle of incidence. Using a two-dimensional electron gas represented by two interacting fluids, which takes into account the different nature of the sigma and pi electrons, we obtain plasmon energies in near-quantitative agreement with experiment. Further, the implemented quantization procedure allows us to study the probability of exciting various plasmon modes, as well as the stopping force and energy loss spectra of the incident particle.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
SOP8 Antioxidant assay 3: Guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD)
Creators: name: Ntatsi, Georgia
name: Savvas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Guaiacol peroxidase (G-POD) is a peroxidase enzyme found in plant tissues, which can catalyse oxidoreduction between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and various reductants (Hiraga et al., 2010)
description: The information presented here has been thoroughly researched and is believed to be accurate and correct. However, the authors cannot be held legally responsible for any errors. There are no warranties, expressed or implied, made with respect to the information provided. The authors will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the content of this publication.
Habitudes pro-automobiles versus pragmatisme : comment les personnes réagissent-elles lorsqu’elles migrent des « territoires de l’automobile » vers les lieux dotés en « alternatives » ?
Creators: name: Korsu, Emre
Publisher: name: Univ Gustave Eiffel
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sciences de l'Homme et Société
Architecture, aménagement de l'espace

description: Un des obstacles, repéré par les sciences sociales, qui détournent certains automobilistes de basculer vers l’usage des alternatives tient dans les « biais cognitifs » : habitudes, réflexes, routines, erreurs de jugement, préférence pour le statu quo, aversion pour le risque et la perte, filtrage des informations, dispositions pro-automobiles sont susceptibles d’empêcher des automobilistes de se convertir aux alternatives même lorsque cela peut être à leur avantage à plus d’un égard. Les freins cognitifs peuvent être particulièrement paralysants lorsque la configuration du quotidien et le contexte d’action sont stables. Mais à notre époque, cette stabilité est chroniquement perturbée par des évènements majeurs ou mineurs dans la sphère privée ou professionnelle et/ou par des modifications dans les conditions de mobilité. Que se passe-t-il lorsque les ménages partent des « territoires de l’automobile », où l’automobilité est la condition de base, pour s’installer dans des territoires où les alternatives sont compétitives ou concurrentielles, comme dans Paris ou sa banlieue proche ? Est-ce l’habitude qui l’emporte ou le pragmatisme ? Les gens s’adaptent-ils aux nouvelles conditions de mobilité en adoptant les alternatives ou les « biais cognitifs » entretiennent-ils chez eux une volonté de rester fidèle à l’automobilité ? On a cherché des éléments de réponse empiriques à ces interrogations à travers une recherche fondée sur les données du Recensement.
description: RTS - Recherche Transports Sécurité, volume 2022
An evaluation of a family decision guide
Creators: name: Zerr, Janelle Renée
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Family caregivers (FCGs) are essential to a patient’s ability to be cared for and to die at home. In order to provide care at home, FCGs require support, but such support is lacking. The Family Caregiver Decision Guide (FCGDG) is an intervention that was developed based on the findings of several studies, and aimed to assist FCGs to navigate their way through the decisions and processes of caring for their palliative family members at home. The purpose of this pilot study was to field test the FCGDG with bereaved and current FCGs for someone who has advanced cancer and is considered to be in the palliative phase. Qualitative data was gathered in two separate phases. In the first phase, the research team conducted three focus groups with bereaved family caregivers (total n=14). In the second phase, I conducted cognitive interviews with current family caregivers (n=8). All interviews were audio-recorded. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to conduct an inductively driven content analysis of the data for both phases of the research. Data from phase one of the research was used to amend the FCGDG prior to phase two of the study. We learned that various factors either helped or hindered participants’ connection and subsequent engagement with the guide, particularly the images and the format/layout of the guide; the guide was re-designed twice in relation to participant feedback. Some participants requested that the guide be more explicit about end-of-life issues; however, findings revealed complexities surrounding this issue. It was further noted that when the focus of the guide was on the FCG, specifically their self-care instead of the ill family member, it disrupted their connection to the guide and compromised the effectiveness of the intervention. Based on feedback on the FCGDG, the guide shows promise as an effective intervention. However, it was determined that the guide should not be used as a stand-alone tool; it was recommended that the FCGDG be used in conjunction with navigational support.
Lot synchronization in make-to-order shops with order release control: an assessment by simulation
Creators: name: Fernandes, Nuno O.
name: Thürer, Matthias
name: Stevenson, Mark
name: Carmo-Silva, Sílvio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Lot splitting is an important strategy for avoiding the starvation of workstations, for accelerating the progress of jobs, and ultimately for improving overall due date performance. While lot splitting has received much attention in the extant literature, the use of alternative lot transfer policies that determine how the flow of lots through the production system is synchronised has been largely neglected. This study uses simulation to assess the performance of different lot synchronisation policies at release and different lot transfer policies on the shop floor in a ConWIP (Constant Work-In-Process) controlled job shop. The results suggest that different approaches should be applied at the release and shop floor levels. While lots should be synchronised in some form at order release, their progress on the shop floor should not be synchronised. Instead, lot coordination should be executed by dispatching in accordance with repetitive lots logic. The results further highlight that if lot progress is synchronised in systems that limit the workload, then lot release should also be synchronised. Otherwise, blocking may occur if lot progress on the shop floor depends on the release of lots, which in turn depends on lot progress. These findings have important implications for research and practice.
Optimal job scheduling and inspection of a machine with delayed failure
Creators: name: Azimpoor, Samareh
name: Taghipour, Sharareh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider a single machine, which must process n jobs in sequence. The machine's failure process follows the two-stage Delay Time Model, i.e. it starts with an initial defect, and will lead to eventual failure if the defect is left unattended. An inspection may be performed before starting a job to detect a defect. We improve the machine's maintenance decision making process by considering the possibility of performing minimal repair or replacement at any event time with regard to the age of the machine. This assumption affects the complexity of the problems in terms of executing loops in MATLAB excessively. The objective is to find the optimal inspection policy and the jobs sequence, which minimise the total expected makespan. We will develop two models and derive their corresponding recursive formulas. For the optimisation of the first model, we will combine the Genetic Algorithm with the recursive equations to jointly optimise the job sequence and inspection policy. In the second model, due to cumbersome recursive equations, we will adopt a simulation algorithm to obtain the required expected values in the objective function. We will provide numerical examples to present the application of the models, and study the inﬂuence of various input parameters on the best-obtained policies. We conduct extensive computational experiments on randomly generated problems with different configurations to evaluate the efficiency of models.
Instituições de memória, iniciativa Open GLAM e o compartilhamento de acervos na internet
Creators: name: Lima, Juliana Soares
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heritage and cultural conservation
Arts and cultural policy
Multicultural, intercultural and cross-cultural studies
Digital heritage
Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Texto publicado na coluna "Grupos de Pesquisa" - CMAI, no blog INFOhome. Apresenta a iniciativa Open GLAM e suas relações com as instituições de memória, as Humanidades Digitais, o Acesso Aberto, as bibliotecas e a disponibilização de acervos na internet.
Instituições de memória, iniciativa Open GLAM e o compartilhamento de acervos na internet
Creators: name: Lima, Juliana Soares
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Heritage and cultural conservation
Arts and cultural policy
Multicultural, intercultural and cross-cultural studies
Digital heritage
Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Texto publicado na coluna "Grupos de Pesquisa" - CMAI, no blog INFOhome. Apresenta a iniciativa Open GLAM e suas relações com as instituições de memória, as Humanidades Digitais, o Acesso Aberto, as bibliotecas e a disponibilização de acervos na internet.
Representative sites selection and associated climatology characteristics
Creators: name: Giulio, Brizzi
name: Sabbagh Maroua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: The Blue Growth Farm
Offshore aquaculture
European Commission
Horizon 2020
Grant agreement 774426
BGF
Multi-purpose platform MPP
Fish endurance
aquaculture site selection
wind energy
wave energy

description: This report describes the selection process for sites suitable for the installation and operation of a Multi-purpose platform (MPP), named The Blue Growth Farm, dedicated to offshore aquaculture and marine renewables extraction. Three sites has been selected among several possible choices in the Gulf of Lion, in Canary islands and in Scotland. Being these sites with very intense energy and associated wave movements, a particular attention has been devoted to identify the allowable endurance of farmed fish under extreme wave energy. Several criteria has been included in the selection process as temperature, depth, distance from coast and ports, naval traffic, benthic communities and others.
Coronal Mass Ejection Detection using Wavelets, Curvelets and Ridgelets: Applications for Space Weather Monitoring
Creators: name: Gallagher, Peter T.
name: Young, C. Alex
name: Byrne, Jason P.
name: McAteer, R. T. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic feld that can produce adverse space weather at Earth and other locations in the Heliosphere. Due to the intrinsic multiscale nature of features in coronagraph images, wavelet and multiscale image processing techniques are well suited to enhancing the visibility of CMEs and supressing noise. However, wavelets are better suited to identifying point-like features, such as noise or background stars, than to enhancing the visibility of the curved form of a typical CME front. Higher order multiscale techniques, such as ridgelets and curvelets, were therefore explored to characterise the morphology (width, curvature) and kinematics (position, velocity, acceleration) of CMEs. Curvelets in particular were found to be well suited to characterising CME properties in a self-consistent manner. Curvelets are thus likely to be of benefit to autonomous monitoring of CME properties for space weather applications.
description: Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research (3 April 2010)
ResDSda_U-net: A novel U-net-based residual network for segmentation of pulmonary nodules in lung CT images
Creators: name: Ji, Zhanlin
name: Zhao, Ziheng
name: Zeng, Xinyi
name: Wang, Jingkun
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zhang, Xueji
name: GANCHEV, IVAN
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: The timely detection and segmentation of pulmonary nodules in lung computed tomography (CT) images can aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. However, manual segmentation of pulmonary nodules by doctors is highly demanding in terms of operational requirements and efficiency. To effectively improve the pulmonary nodule segmentation, this paper proposes a novel neural network, called ResDSda_U-Net, based on the U-Net network with the following improvements: (1) combining a Depthwise Over-parameterized Convolutional layer (DO-Conv) with a simple parameter-free attention module (SimAM), in the form of a newly designed ResDS block; (2) incorporating a denser Dense Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (DASPP) module, between the encoder and decoder, using modified dilated rates to extract multi-scale information more effectively; and (3) adding channel and spatial attention mechanisms to the decoder, in the form of newly designed Convolution and Channel Attention (CCA) and Convolution and Spatial Attention (CSA) blocks, to enhance global pixel attention, fully capture global contextual information, and enable the decoder to better eliminate differences between pixels. The conducted experiments demonstrate that the proposed ResDSda_U-Net network outperforms all existing U-Net based networks (according to all evaluation metrics used) and all considered state-of-the-art networks (according to half of the evaluation metrics), by achieving corresponding values of 86.65% for the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), 76.73% for Intersection over Union (IoU), 86.30% for sensitivity, and 87.22% for precision.
Antioxidant assay 4: Glutathione reductase (GR)
Creators: name: Ntatsi, Georgia
name: Savvas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The reduced form of glutathione, GSH, is the major non-protein thiol in most plant species. GSH has an important function in maintaining cellular redox status. The primary oxidation product of GSH is its disulfide, GSSG (oxidised glutathione), which can be reduced back to GSH by glutathione reductase (GR) at the expense of NADPH. GR is mainly localized in the chloroplast stroma but is also found in mitochondria, cytosol and peroxisomes (Ahmad et al., 2010).
description: The information presented here has been thoroughly researched and is believed to be accurate and correct. However, the authors cannot be held legally responsible for any errors. There are no warranties, expressed or implied, made with respect to the information provided. The authors will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the content of this publication.
Process modeling of impedance characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Creators: name: Rezaei Niya, Seyed Mohammad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The impedance characteristics of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are studied and analyzed in this thesis. The modeling approaches presented in literature are thoroughly reviewed and categorized as the measurement-modeling and process-modeling approaches. In the former category, a hypothetical equivalent circuit which has the impedance characteristics similar to measured impedances is presented. Since the equivalent circuit is not directly resulted from the physical and chemical properties of the PEM fuel cells, the majority of the measurement-modeling approaches lead to dubious conclusions. In the process-modeling approach, on the other hand, the governing equations of the fuel cell must analytically be solved to determine and the impedance. However, a few process-modeling approaches presented in literature have shown to be indirectly based on the same assumptions as the measurement-modeling approach, and hence, those can also lead to similar conclusions. Therefore, these process-modeling approaches are referred to as the semi-process models here. In this thesis, the first complete process model for PEM fuel cells is presented which is not based on the above-mentioned assumptions. For each source of the losses in the fuel cell (i.e., the ohmic, activation and concentration overpotentials), a process model and equivalent circuit are obtained and compared against the impedance measurements reported in literature. The complete model (obtained by combining the models of the three losses) is then verified against the impedances measured in different operating conditions. Using the verified model, the measured Nyquist plots of the PEM fuel cells reported in literature are categorized. As a result, the dominant physical and chemical parameters controlling various arcs of the Nyquist plot are determined. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the impedance characteristics of fuel cells is conducted using the verified model. As a result of this analysis, a minimum change in the operating conditions which results in statistically different Nyquist plots are determined. Finally, as an application of the model presented here, the impedance of the cell in the anode and cathode starvation modes are studied. It is shown that the anode starvation cannot be recognized from the impedance measurements, as predicted by the model.
Polygons in billiard orbits
Creators: name: Don, Henk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2010 11B75

description: We study the geometry of billiard orbits on rectangular billiards. A truncated billiard orbit induces a partition of the rectangle into polygons. We prove that thirteen is a sharp upper bound for the number of different areas of these polygons.
description: 14 pages
T. E. Harris and branching processes
Creators: name: Athreya, K. B.
name: Ney, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: T. E. Harris was a pioneer par excellence in many fields of probability theory. In this paper, we give a brief survey of the many fundamental contributions of Harris to the theory of branching processes, starting with his doctoral work at Princeton in the late forties and culminating in his fundamental book "The Theory of Branching Processes," published in 1963.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOP599 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
TAKE MY HAND, LEAD ME ON: AN ANALYSIS OF AFRICAN AMERICAN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ AND MENTORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE IMPACT OF THEIR MENTORSHIP COMMUNITY ON COLLEGE PERSISTENCE AT A PREDOMINANTLY WHITE INSTITUTION
Creators: name: Witherspoon, Natalie Ann
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education policy
Higher education
History and philosophy of education
Sociology of education
Educational administration, management and leadership
Educational counselling
Secondary education

description: Mentorship has served as an effective strategy in helping African American college students persist at predominantly White institutions of higher education (Sinanan, 2016). African American students have reported finding these campus environments to be unwelcoming, even racist. These environmental challenges along with the challenges of unfamiliar academic terrain merge to form frequently formidable barriers to their satisfaction and success. The presence of African American mentors has helped African American students overcome the wide range of challenges they face on such campuses. This qualitative study analyzed the perceptions of African American mentors and mentees about the impact of mentorship on the college persistence of the mentees. The target mentorship community was situated at a private school in the Midwest. Semi-structured interviews were used to solicit the experiential knowledge of participants about their lived experiences. The data was codified and thematically analyzed. Six themes emerged from participant responses including (1) targeted mentorship and modeling, (2) belonging, (3) connections (4) advocacy, (5) racism and anti-Blackness, and (6) persistence. These themes fortify the existing research affirming mentorship as an invaluable tool in helping African American undergraduates persist through degree completion. The assertions and recommendations at the conclusion of the study are purposed to assist scholar-activists, university staff, and students with improving the conditions in which African American students’ study and push toward persistence.
Is there a no-go theorem for superradiant quantum phase transitions in cavity and circuit QED ?
Creators: name: Nataf, Pierre
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), the interaction between an atomic transition and the cavity field is measured by the vacuum Rabi frequency $Ω_0$. The analogous term "circuit QED" has been introduced for Josephson junctions, because superconducting circuits behave as artificial atoms coupled to the bosonic field of a resonator. In the regime with $Ω_0$ comparable to the two-level transition frequency, "superradiant" quantum phase transitions for the cavity vacuum have been predicted, e.g. within the Dicke model. Here, we prove that if the time-independent light-matter Hamiltonian is considered, a superradiant quantum critical point is forbidden for electric dipole atomic transitions due to the oscillator strength sum rule. In circuit QED, the capacitive coupling is analogous to the electric dipole one: yet, such no-go property can be circumvented by Cooper pair boxes capacitively coupled to a resonator, due to their peculiar Hilbert space topology and a violation of the corresponding sum rule.
Antioxidant assay 5: Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
Creators: name: Ntatsi, Georgia
name: Savvas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Superoxide dismutase catalyses the breakdown of superoxide radical anion and provides the first line of defence against oxygen toxicity. It therefore provides a good indication as to whether a plant is under stress or not. Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) designates the variety of metalloproteins containing Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn3+ or Fe3+ as an active metal cofactor that catalyse the dismutation of the superoxide radical anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Cu/ZnSOD is located in the cytosol and chloroplast of the plant cell, MnSOD is in the matrix of the mitochondria and peroxisomes.
description: The information presented here has been thoroughly researched and is believed to be accurate and correct. However, the authors cannot be held legally responsible for any errors. There are no warranties, expressed or implied, made with respect to the information provided. The authors will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the content of this publication.
MPEC 2023-H193 : 2023 GW3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 GW3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Bradford Protein Assay
Creators: name: Ntatsi, Georgia
name: Savvas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Protein concentration is determined using a Coomassie bril­liant blue with bovine serum albumin as the standard (Bradford, 1976). The assay is based on the observation that the absorbance maximum for an acidic solution of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 shifts from 465 nm to 595 nm when binding to protein occurs. Both hydrophobic and ionic interactions stabilise the anionic form of the dye, causing a visible color change. The assay is useful since the extinction coefficient of a dye-albumin complex solution is constant over a 10-fold concentration range
Sutherland-type Trigonometric Models, Trigonometric Invariants and Multivariate Polynomials. III. $E_8$ case
Creators: name: Boreskov, K. G.
name: Turbiner, A. V.
name: Vieyra, J. C. López
name: García, M. A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the $E_8$ trigonometric Olshanetsky-Perelomov Hamiltonian, when written in terms of the Fundamental Trigonometric Invariants (FTI), is in algebraic form, i.e., has polynomial coefficients, and preserves two infinite flags of polynomial spaces marked by the Weyl (co)-vector and $E_8$ highest root (both in the basis of simple roots) as characteristic vectors. The explicit form of the Hamiltonian in new variables has been obtained both by direct calculation and by means of the orbit function technique. It is shown a triangularity of the Hamiltonian in the bases of orbit functions and of algebraic monomials ordered through Weyl heights. Examples of first eigenfunctions are presented.
description: 39 pages, 3 Tables, 3 Appendices, no figures
OCTOCAM: A fast multichannel imager and spectrograph for the 10.4m GTC
Creators: name: Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte
name: Gorosabel, Javier
name: Spano, Paolo
name: Riva, Marco
name: Rabaza, Ovidio
name: de Caprio, Vincenzo
name: Cuniffe, Ronan
name: Kubanek, Petr
name: Riva, Alberto
name: Jelinek, Martin
name: Andersen, Michael I.
name: Castro-Tirado, Alberto J.
name: Zerbi, Filippo M.
name: Fernandez-Soto, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: OCTOCAM is a multi-channel imager and spectrograph that has been proposed for the 10.4m GTC telescope. It will use dichroics to split the incoming light to produce simultaneous observations in 8 different bands, ranging from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared. The imaging mode will have a field of view of 2' x 2' in u, g, r, i, z, J, H and Ks bands, whereas the long-slit spectroscopic mode will cover the complete range from 4,000 to 23,000 Å with a resolution of 700 - 1,700 (depending on the arm and slit width). An additional mode, using an image slicer, will deliver a spectral resolution of over 3,000. As a further feature, it will use state of the art detectors to reach high readout speeds of the order of tens of milliseconds. In this way, OCTOCAM will be occupying a region of the time resolution - spectral resolution - spectral coverage diagram that is not covered by a single instrument in any other observatory, with an exceptional sensitivity.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, SPIE 2010 Astronomical Instrumentation
Anisotropic Exchange Interaction between Non-magnetic Europium Cations in Eu_2O_3
Creators: name: Concas, G.
name: Dewhurst, J. K.
name: Sanna, A.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Massidda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of the cubic and (high pressure) hexagonal phases of Eu2O3 have been investigated by mean of full potential linearized augmented plane wave calculations, within the LDA+U method. For the cubic phase, the comparison between ferromagnetic and antiferromag- netic calculations shows that the exchange interaction is very weak and is therefore expected to have a negligible effect on the magnetic susceptibility. This is consistent with the experimental behavior of the susceptibility of solid solutions of Eu2O3 into A2O3 (A=Y, Lu, Sc). The calcu- lations performed for the high pressure hexagonal phase, on the other hand, show that there is an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between nearest neighbor Eu ions, which should have a sizeable effect on the susceptibility. Our results allow us to discuss the existing theories.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Storage capacity of phase-coded patterns in sparse neural networks
Creators: name: Scarpetta, Siliva
name: Giacco, Ferdinando
name: de Candia, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the storage of multiple phase-coded patterns as stable dynamical attractors in recurrent neural networks with sparse connectivity. To determine the synaptic strength of existent connections and store the phase-coded patterns, we introduce a learning rule inspired to the spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). We find that, after learning, the spontaneous dynamics of the network replay one of the stored dynamical patterns, depending on the network initialization. We study the network capacity as a function of topology, and find that a small- world-like topology may be optimal, as a compromise between the high wiring cost of long range connections and the capacity increase.
description: Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters
CS, HC3N and CH3CCH multi-line analyses towards starburst galaxies. The evolution of cloud structures in the central regions of galaxies
Creators: name: Aladro, Rebeca
name: Martin-Pintado, Jesus
name: Martin, Sergio
name: Mauersberger, Rainer
name: Bayet, Estelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to study the properties of the dense molecular gas towards the inner few 100 pc of four nearby starburst galaxies dominated both by photo dissociation regions (M82) and large-scale shocks (NGC253, IC342 and Maffei2), and to relate the chemical and physical properties of the molecular clouds with the evolutionary stage of the nuclear starbursts. We have carried out multi-transitional observations and analyses of three dense gas molecular tracers, CS, HC3N and CH3CCH, using Boltzmann diagrams in order to determine the rotational temperatures and column densities of the dense gas, and using a Large Velocity Gradients model to calculate the H2 density structure in the molecular clouds. The CS and HC3N data indicate the presence of density gradients in the molecular clouds, showing similar excitation conditions, and suggesting that they arise from the same gas components. In M82, CH3CCH has the highest fractional abundance determined in a extragalactic source (10^-8). The density and the chemical gradients found in all galaxies can be explained in the framework of the starburst evolution. The young shock-dominatedstarburst galaxies, like presumably Maffei2, show a cloud structure with a rather uniform density and chemical composition which suggests low star formation activity. Molecular clouds in galaxies with starburst in an intermediate stage of evolution, such as NGC253 and IC342, show clouds with a large density contrast (two orders of magnitude) between the denser regions (cores) and the less dense regions (halos) of the molecular clouds and relatively constant chemical abundance. Finally, the galaxy with the most evolved starburst, M82, has clouds with a rather uniform density structure, large envelopes of atomic/molecular gas subjected to UV photodissociating radiation from young star clusters, and very different chemical abundances of HC3N and CH3CCH.
description: 14 pages + 1 appendix of 2 pages; 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Sustainability evaluation of transportation infrastructure under uncertainty : a fuzzy-based approach
Creators: name: Umer, Adil
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The construction and maintenance of transportation infrastructure consume significant natural resources, produces considerable waste and uses extensive human capital. Sustainability evaluation of alternative initiatives and policies for developing transportation infrastructure enables decision makers to make informed choices. Despite the availability of numerous sustainability rating tools for roadway infrastructure, there is a need to develop customizable sustainability evaluation tools for informed decision-making. Such tools, unlike the rating systems, ideally need to handle uncertain data, incorporate expert opinion and adapt to project and geographic specific constraints. Deterministic approaches for life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) have been extensively applied to select sustainable pavement alternatives. However, the information used to conduct LCCA and LCA is often imprecise and vague in early project phases. Therefore, certain technique is required to incorporate and propagate such uncertainties so that the reliability of final results is transparent. Unlike probabilistic methods, fuzzy based techniques are more appropriate to handle uncertainties due to vagueness and imprecision in a computationally efficient manner. This study aimed to investigate the use of fuzzy logic to evaluate sustainability under uncertainty at two levels of infrastructures - Roadways as systems and pavements as components. A novel roadway sustainability evaluation framework was developed using indicators from existing green rating system. A customizable excel-based tool was programmed based on the framework to estimate the sustainability index (SI) of roadways under uncertainty using fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) technique. The FSE technique enables the tool to evaluate reliable and informative SI by incorporating expert opinion. Moreover, fuzzy composite programming (FCP) technique was used to estimate the life cycle environmental and economic sustainability indices (SIs) from LCA and LCCA of pavement alternatives under uncertainty. The FCP technique improved the reliability of final results by propagating input uncertainties to the outputs. Scenario analysis was performed using FSE and FCP techniques to demonstrate the influence of uncertainties and decision maker’s preferences on the overall SI of roadways and pavements respectively. This study demonstrated a compelling utility of fuzzy-based techniques to evaluate sustainability under uncertainty in the early project phases for informed decision-making.
title: Quando ti penso vorrei tornare. Verso un turismo delle radici in Emilia-Romagna
Creators: name: Musarò, Pierluigi
name: Gabrieli, Marina
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2023

description: Ricerca effettuata nel 2022, che focalizza l’attenzione sui discendenti degli emigrati dall’Emilia-Romagna in Argentina e in Brasile, i quali in molti casi nella terra delle origini non tornano, ma ci vanno per la prima volta, il loro è un “ritorno simbolico”, un riportare a casa la propria storia familiare e il ricordo degli avi che non ci sono più. Le interviste effettuate e altri dati analizzati hanno costituito la base per elaborare linee guida utili ad accogliere i potenziali turisti delle radici.
First-principles study of the energetics of charge and cation mixing in U_{1-x} Ce_x O_2
Creators: name: Hanken, B. E.
name: Stanek, C. R.
name: Grønbech-Jensen, N.
name: Asta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formalism of electronic density-functional-theory, with Hubbard-U corrections (DFT+U), is employed in a computational study of the energetics of U_{1-x} Ce_x O_2 mixtures. The computational approach makes use of a procedure which facilitates convergence of the calculations to multiple self-consistent DFT+U solutions for a given cation arrangement, corresponding to different charge states for the U and Ce ions in several prototypical cation arrangements. Results indicate a significant dependence of the structural and energetic properties on the nature of both charge and cation ordering. With the effective Hubbard-U parameters that reproduce well the measured oxidation-reduction energies for urania and ceria, we find that charge transfer between U(IV) and Ce(IV) ions, leading to the formation of U(V) and Ce(III), gives rise to an increase in the mixing energy in the range of 4-14 kJ/mol of formula unit, depending on the nature of the cation ordering. The results suggest that although charge transfer between uranium and cerium ions is disfavored energetically, it is likely to be entropically stabilized at the high temperatures relevant to the processing and service of urania-based solid solutions.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Single Defect Centers in Diamond Nanocrystals as Quantum Probes for Plasmonic Nanostructures
Creators: name: Schell, Andreas W.
name: Kewes, Günter
name: Hanke, Tobias
name: Leitenstorfer, Alfred
name: Bratschitsch, Rudolf
name: Benson, Oliver
name: Aichele, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two applications of a single nitrogen vacancy center in a nanodiamond as quantum probe for plasmonic nanostructures. Coupling to the nanostructures is achieved in a highly controlled manner by picking up a pre-characterized nanocrystal with an atomic force microscope and placing it at the desired position. Local launching of single excitations into a nanowire with a spatial control of few nanometers is demonstrated. Further, a two dimensional map of the electromagnetic environment of a plasmonic bowtie antenna was derived, resembling an ultimate limit of fluorescence lifetime nanoscopy.
description: 7 Pages, 4 Figures; assigned to Optics Express Vol. 19, No. 6