cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Superconducting Coherent States for an Extended Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Madouri, F.
name: Hassouni, Y.
name: Baz, M. El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extended Hubbard model with phonons is considered. q-coherent states relative to the superconducting quantum symmetry of the model are constructed and their properties studied. It is shown that they can have energy expectation lower than eigenstates constructed via conventional processes and that they exhibit ODLRO.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Five-brane webs, Higgs branches and unitary/orthosymplectic magnetic quivers
Creators: name: Akhond, Mohammad
name: Carta, Federico
name: Dwivedi, Siddharth
name: Hayashi, Hirotaka
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
name: Yagi, Futoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Higgs branch of 5d superconformal theories engineered from brane webs with orientifold five-planes. We propose a generalization of the rules to derive magnetic quivers from brane webs pioneered in arXiv:2004.04082, by analyzing theories that can be described with a brane web with and without O5 planes. Our proposed magnetic quivers include novel features, such as hypermultiplets transforming in the fundamental-fundamental representation of two gauge nodes, antisymmetric matter, and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge nodes. We test our results by computing the Coulomb and Higgs branch Hilbert series of the magnetic quivers obtained from the two distinct constructions and find agreement in all cases.
description: 67 pages, 57 figures, 24 tables, 4 appendices, minor corrections, matches with the published version
title: Μαθηματική προσομοίωση διάθεσης άλμης σε παράκτιες περιοχές με το μοντέλο cormix
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Batsos, Dimitrios K.
Publisher: name: National Technological University of Athens
Year: 2011
Subjects: Άλμη
Αφαλάτωση
Προσομοίωση
Αλατότητα
Cormix
Brine discharge
Desalination
Diffusers
Salinity
Διάταξη διάθεσης

description: 162 σ.
description: Μελέτη και εκτίμηση της διασποράς άλμης απο μια εγκατάσταση αφαλάτωσης και πρόταση κατάλληλης διάταξης του διαχυτή. Μελετόνται επίσης οι περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις απο μια τέτοια εγκατάσταση.
description: Evaluation of the brine discharge from a desalination plant and proposal an appropriate item of diffuser. there is also an environmental issue assesement from a desalination plant.
Evolution of Dust and Water Ice in Cometary Comae by Radiative Torques
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Tung, Ngo-Duy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comets provide unique information about the physical and chemical properties of the environment in which the Solar system was formed. Understanding how cometary dust and ice evolve under the effect of sunlight is essential for constraining nuclear structure and triggering mechanism of comet activity. In this paper, we first study rotational disruption of dust grains lifted by outgassing from comet nuclei by radiative torques (RATs). We find that composite grains could be rapidly disrupted into small fragments by the Radiative Torque Disruption (RATD) mechanism. We then study rotational desorption of ice grains by RATs and find that icy grains could be desorbed from large heliocentric distances, beyond the sublimation radius of water at $R_{\rm sub}(\H_{2}Ø)\sim 3\AU$. We also calculate the production rate of water vapor versus the heliocentric distance of comets due to rotational desorption. Our results could explain the variation of dust properties and the presence of small grains frequently observed from cometary comae. Finally, we suggest that the activity of distant comets could be triggered by rotational disruption of grains and desorption of water ice grains at large heliocentric distances.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures; accepted to ApJ
Innate regulation of TSST-1 induced immune response by peripheral blood γδ T cells
Creators: name: Kalyan, Shirin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) is the staphylococcal superantigen (sAg) identified as being the primary causative agent of menstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS), and it is among the main sAg’s responsible for non-menstrual TSS. Superantigens are the most potent T cell mitogens known. They induce the massive secretion of inflammatory cytokines by bypassing the processing and presentation requirement of conventional peptide antigens and by binding as intact proteins directly to the MHC class II on antigen presenting cells and to specific Vβ-chains of the αβ T cell receptor. This interaction results in an inflammatory cascade that has the potential to lead to hypotension, shock, and death. TSST-1 is expressed by at least 20% of S. aureus clinical isolates; however, not everyone exposed to this sAg succumbs to TSS. Apart from protective antibodies, the factors in the immediate microenvironment which dictate the course of the immune response leading to a deleterious inflammatory reaction are largely unknown. γδ T cells are a unique subset of innate T lymphocytes that are credited with linking the innate and adaptive immune system as they serve as the first line of defense [i.e. defence] against both infectious and non-infectious stress. The objective of this study was to determine if and how human peripheral blood γδ T cells may influence the course of TSST-1 induced inflammation. High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1) was investigated as an indicator of the downstream consequence of γδ T cell activity in TSST-1 pathogenesis. HMGB-1 is a nuclear protein that was previously found to be secreted by LPS-stimulated macrophages, and was determined to be the late mediator of endotoxin shock since neutralizing its effects as late as 24 hours following sepsis was sufficient to rescue mice from lethality. This study established that γδ T cells potently exacerbate the early inflammatory response to TSST-1 and enhance the subsequent secretion of HMGB-1. γδ T cells mediate this effect by inducing early monocyte maturation and upregulating the expression of CD40 which plays a pivotal role in TSST-1 pathogenesis. The results of this study lend support to the notion that γδ T cells play an important role in linking the innate and adaptive immune responses to TSST-1.
Additional file 1 of Putative modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics enhances preference for novelty in a preliminary double-blind placebo-controlled study in ferrets
Creators: name: Supritha Dugyala
name: Ptacek, Travis S.
name: Simon, Jeremy M.
name: Yuhui Li
name: Fröhlich, Flavio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 5 of Conservation of dynamic characteristics of transcriptional regulatory elements in periodic biological processes
Creators: name: Motta, Francis C.
name: Moseley, Robert C.
name: Cummins, Bree
name: Deckard, Anastasia
name: Haase, Steven B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Supplementary information: A PDF document with additional files including mathematical details, Figs. S1–S7 and Tables S1–S3.
Additional file 1 of Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review
Creators: name: Govindasamy, Darshini
name: Seeley, Janet
name: Olaru, Ioana D.
name: Wiyeh, Alison
name: Mathews, Catherine
name: Ferrari, Giulia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA Checklist.
title: Student nurses' feedback from mental health service users in practice : a participatory action research study
Creators: name: Speers, Wendy Jane
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: This study involved student nurses, lecturers, mentors and service users in working together to design, evaluate and refine a system enabling student mental health nurses to seek feedback from service users. The feedback concerned students' interpersonal skills and occurred in practice, at the point of service delivery. Although the drive to engage service users in service delivery, research and education has mainstream acceptance, much remains to be learned about how to achieve meaningful involvement. Mental health professionals are striving to adopt the recovery model and harness service user expertise through the development of more reciprocal relationships. This research aims to contribute to this wider thrust, by exploring the experiences of those concerned when students attempt to learn from rather than about service users. Conducted over two years, a participatory action research approach was adopted. Data came from interviews held with those implementing the system for feedback, and from the deliberations of the participants guiding the process. Thematic analysis produced evidence of relevance to nurse educationalists, mental health nurses and researchers. Although contextual, findings indicated that service users volunteering to give feedback had a positive experience. Students' experience lay on a continuum. Those with a stronger sense of self were more willing and able to ask for feedback than less confident students. Cultural adjustment to the role change required presented a challenge and tested self-awareness. Over time, all students achieved deep learning and, for some, learning appeared transformative. Recommendations relate to the system for seeking feedback and the conduct of participatory action research. Overall, the study concluded that both allowed the development of more equitable relationsh ips, in which mental health nurses respected the expertise of service users. This potentially benefits student development, recoveryorientated practice, service users and Higher Education Institutions searching for meaningful ways to involve service users in learning and formative assessment.
title: Machine learning with dual process models
Creators: name: Unger, Martin
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Maschinenlernen
subject: Dual Process Models
subject: Ähnlichkeitsmessung
subject: Thematisches Denken
subject: Taxonomisches Denken
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Dual Process Models
subject: Similarity Measurement
subject: Thematic Thinking
subject: Taxonomic Thinking

description: Ähnlichkeitsmessung ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der meisten Maschinenlern-Algorithmen. Traditionelle Ansätze richten ihr Hauptaugenmerk entweder auf taxonomisches oder thematisches Denken. Psychologische Forschung deutet aber darauf hin, dass eine Kombination beider Ansätze nötig ist, um eine menschenähnliche Ähnlichkeitsmessung zu erreichen. Diese Kombination nennt man Similarity Dual Process Model (DPM). Diese Arbeit beschreibt, wie ein DPM als lineare Kombination von Distanz- und Ähnlichkeitsmaßen erzeugt werden kann. Wir nutzen Generalisierungsfunktionen, um Distanz in Ähnlichkeit umzuwandeln. DPMs sind Kernelfunktionen ähnlich. Deshalb können sie in jeden Maschinenlern-Algorithmus, der Kernelfunktionen nutzt, integriert werden. Um die Verwendung von DPMs zu fördern, stellen wir Implementierungen von Kernelfunktionen zur Verfügung. Natürlich funktionieren nicht alle DPMs, die wir formulieren können, gleich gut. Deshalb testen wir die Leistung mit einer praktischen Anwendung: der Erkennung von Fußgängern in Bildern. Wir nehmen an, dass DPMs nur sinnvoll sind, sofern ihre Leistung als Ganzes besser ist als die ihrer Teile. In den Experimenten haben wir DPM-Kernel gefunden, die für die Testdaten eine mit konventionellen Kerneln vergleichbare Leistung erbracht haben. Wir stellen daher einen Baukasten zum Formulieren solcher Kernel bereit, um weitere Experimente in anderen Anwendungsbereichen des Maschinenlernens zu unterstützen.
description: Similarity measurement processes are a core part of most machine learning algorithms. Traditional approaches focus on either taxonomic or thematic thinking. Psychological research suggests that a combination of both is needed to model human-like similarity perception adequately. Such a combination is called a Similarity Dual Process Model (DPM). This thesis describes how to construct DPMs as a linear combination of existing measures of similarity and distance. We use generalization functions to convert distance into similarity. DPMs are similar to kernel functions. Thus, they can be integrated into any machine learning algorithm that uses kernel functions. To foster the use of DPMs, we provide kernel function implementations. Clearly, not all DPMs that can be formulated work equally well. Therefore, we test classification performance in a real-world task: the detection of pedestrians in images. We assume that DPMs are only viable if they are better classifiers than their constituting parts. In our experiments, we found DPM kernels that matched the performance of conventional kernels for our data set. Eventually, we provide a construction kit to build such kernels to encourage further experiments in other application domains of machine learning.
Constraining the lensing of binary neutron stars from their stochastic background
Creators: name: Buscicchio, Riccardo
name: Moore, Christopher J.
name: Pratten, Geraint
name: Schmidt, Patricia
name: Vecchio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave (GW) transients from binary neutron star (BNS) coalescences can, in principle, be subject to gravitational lensing thereby increasing the amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio. We estimate the rate of lensed BNS events resolvable by LIGO and Virgo and find that it is constrained by the current non-detection of a stochastic GW background. Following closely the formalism we developed (10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141102) in the context of binary black hole lensing, we show that at current sensitivities the fraction of BNS coalescences with lensing magnifications $μ> 1.02$ is less than $\sim 7\times 10^{-8}$ and therefore such events should not be expected in the near future. We also make predictions for projected future sensitivities.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, published in Physical Review D (22 October 2020)
Local Hypergraph Clustering using Capacity Releasing Diffusion
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Rania
name: Gleich, David F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Local graph clustering is an important machine learning task that aims to find a well-connected cluster near a set of seed nodes. Recent results have revealed that incorporating higher order information significantly enhances the results of graph clustering techniques. The majority of existing research in this area focuses on spectral graph theory-based techniques. However, an alternative perspective on local graph clustering arises from using max-flow and min-cut on the objectives, which offer distinctly different guarantees. For instance, a new method called capacity releasing diffusion (CRD) was recently proposed and shown to preserve local structure around the seeds better than spectral methods. The method was also the first local clustering technique that is not subject to the quadratic Cheeger inequality by assuming a good cluster near the seed nodes. In this paper, we propose a local hypergraph clustering technique called hypergraph CRD (HG-CRD) by extending the CRD process to cluster based on higher order patterns, encoded as hyperedges of a hypergraph. Moreover, we theoretically show that HG-CRD gives results about a quantity called motif conductance, rather than a biased version used in previous experiments. Experimental results on synthetic datasets and real world graphs show that HG-CRD enhances the clustering quality.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
title: The concept of strategic leadership in the development and improvement of higher education in the Republic of Benin : a qualitative case study of an African university
Creators: name: Koukpaki, Adebayo Serge Francois
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: This study explored the appropriateness of the concept of strategic leadership in the development and improvement of higber education in an African university called, for the purposes of tbis study, the AU3. It examined whether strategic leadership as it emerged in Western countries-had any resonance and relevance for the AU3, and explored the ways in which strategic leaders (SLs) interpreted and gave meanings to their roles. The study adopted a phenomenological approach with a qualitative case study design. A purposive sample of 20 strategic leaders was selected. The data collection instrument was semi-structured interviews. The research findings suggested that to enact strategic leadership the individual in the role should: be able to provide clarification of what helshe does and be able to understand the context in which he/she operates. The study contended that: strategic leadership requires three characteristics: elucidation - the ability to identify with their roles and responsibilities and link these to the strategic goals and mission of AU3; externalisation - the ability to consolidate their role tasks, provide evidence, and evaluate job tasks; and realisation - the ability to understand the complexity of their roles. The study further argued that SLs develop a distinctive shape of values and beliefs which impacted on the decisions they made. The study concluded with three types of leader: the 'emollient leader', who is concerned with 'hanging on in there', making the situation calmer in the hope of averting confrontation; the 'hypochondriac leader', who assumes constantly that something is wrong with their approach in performing their role, who is distracted by the environment and its constituencies; and the 'mirroring leader', who cannot see beyond their technical expertise. This study aims to help policy makers and those in charge of SLs' recruitment, selection, and development to better understand what competences are required to lead the university.
Predicting atmospheric optical properties for radiative transfer computations using neural networks
Creators: name: Veerman, Menno A.
name: Pincus, Robert
name: Stoffer, Robin
name: van Leeuwen, Caspar
name: Podareanu, Damian
name: van Heerwaarden, Chiel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The radiative transfer equations are well-known, but radiation parametrizations in atmospheric models are computationally expensive. A promising tool for accelerating parametrizations is the use of machine learning techniques. In this study, we develop a machine learning-based parametrization for the gaseous optical properties by training neural networks to emulate a modern radiation parameterization (RRTMGP). To minimize computational costs, we reduce the range of atmospheric conditions for which the neural networks are applicable and use machine-specific optimised BLAS functions to accelerate matrix computations. To generate training data, we use a set of randomly perturbed atmospheric profiles and calculate optical properties using RRTMGP. Predicted optical properties are highly accurate and the resulting radiative fluxes have average errors within \SI{0.5}{\flux} compared to RRTMGP. Our neural network-based gas optics parametrization is up to 4 times faster than RRTMGP, depending on the size of the neural networks. We further test the trade-off between speed and accuracy by training neural networks for the narrow range of atmospheric conditions of a single large-eddy simulation, so smaller and therefore faster networks can achieve a desired accuracy. We conclude that our machine learning-based parametrization can speed-up radiative transfer computations whilst retaining high accuracy.
description: 13 pages,5 figures, submitted to Philosophical Transactions A
Additional file 11 of Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review
Creators: name: Govindasamy, Darshini
name: Seeley, Janet
name: Olaru, Ioana D.
name: Wiyeh, Alison
name: Mathews, Catherine
name: Ferrari, Giulia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 11. Table 4. Quantitative review outcomes- additional.
Additional file 1 of Later-life transitions and changes in prescription medication use for pain and depression
Creators: name: Lam, Jack
name: Vuolo, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Dynamics in Varying vacuum Finsler-Randers Cosmology
Creators: name: Papagiannopoulos, G.
name: Basilakos, S.
name: Paliathanasis, A.
name: Pan, Supriya
name: Stavrinos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of Finsler-Randers theory we consider, for a first time, the cosmological scenario of the varying vacuum. In particular, we assume the existence of a cosmological fluid source described by an ideal fluid and the varying vacuum terms. We determine the cosmological history of this model by performing a detailed study on the dynamics of the field equations. We determine the limit of General Relativity, while we find new eras in the cosmological history provided by the geometrodynamical terms provided by the Finsler-Randers theory.
Adenovirus E3-6.7K inhibits apoptosis through an interaction with the cellular protein calcium-modulating cyclophilin ligand (CAML)
Creators: name: Grant, Jason Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Adenovirus is an important etiological agent which causes acute respiratory and gastrointestinal infections worldwide. The virus encodes several proteins involved in suppressing the host antiviral response. One of these is the E3-6.7K protein which confers transfected cells with resistance from a variety of apoptotic stimuli and maintains endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+ homeostasis, however, the mechanism of action is unknown. In this study, evidence is provided that E3-6.7K inhibits apoptosis and ER Ca²⁺ efflux through an interaction with Ca²⁺-modulating cyclophilin ligand (CAML), a cellular protein that regulates intracellular Ca²⁺. E3-6.7K was shown to interact with both mouse and human CAML in a yeast two-hybrid system. A direct interaction with human CAML was confirmed by an in vitro co-immunoprecipitation assay. In addition, immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that the two proteins co-localize in an ER-like pattern in transfected cells. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that the interaction between the two proteins is localized to the N-terminal domain of CAML and to a 22 amino acid region near the C-terminus of E3-6.7K, termed the CAML-binding domain (CBD). Mutational analysis of the CBD showed that an interaction with CAML is required for E3-6.7K to inhibit thapsigargin-induced apoptosis and ER Ca²⁺ efflux. These findings suggest that E3-6.7K targets CAML as a mechanism to alter ER Ca²⁺ homeostasis which consequently protects cells from apoptosis. E3-6.7K has been shown to be an integral membrane protein. Most membrane proteins have only one orientation in a membrane bilayer. E3-6.7K can adopt three different topologies in microsomal membranes in a cell-free translation system: a type II orientation (N-cytoplasmic/C-luminal, termed CtmE3-6.7K), the opposite type III orientation (N-luminal/C-cytoplasmic, termed NtmE3-6.7K) and the possibility of a fully translocated form (N and C termini are both translocated, termed NCE3-6.7K). In this study, the topology of E3-6.7K in cells was explored. Distinct topological forms were found, as both the N and C termini of E3-6.7K were detected on the extracellular surface of transfected cells. Based on the location of the CBD, the most probable binding partner of CAML is NtmE3-6.7K.
Additional file 10 of Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review
Creators: name: Govindasamy, Darshini
name: Seeley, Janet
name: Olaru, Ioana D.
name: Wiyeh, Alison
name: Mathews, Catherine
name: Ferrari, Giulia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 10. Search strategy- Other databases.
Asymptotically flat hairy black holes in massive bigravity
Creators: name: Gervalle, Romain
name: Volkov, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study asymptotically flat black holes with massive graviton hair within the ghost-free bigravity theory. There have been contradictory statements in the literature about their existence -- such solutions were reported some time ago, but later a different group claimed the Schwarzschild solution to be the only asymptotically flat black hole in the theory. As a result, the controversy emerged. We have analyzed the issue ourselves and have been able to construct such solutions within a carefully designed numerical scheme. We find that for given parameter values there can be one or two asymptotically flat hairy black holes in addition to the Schwarzschild solution. We analyze their perturbative stability and find that they can be stable or unstable, depending on the parameter values. The masses of stable hairy black holes that would be physically relevant range form stellar values up to values typical for supermassive black holes. One of their two metrics is extremely close to Schwarzschild, while all their "hair" is hidden in the second metric that is not coupled to matter and not directly seen. If the massive bigravity theory indeed describes physics, the hair of such black holes should manifest themselves in violent processes like black hole collisions and should be visible in the structure of the signals detected by LIGO/VIRGO.
description: 57 pages, many figures, matches the published version
General Conditions to Realize Exceptional Points of Degeneracy in Two Uniform Coupled Transmission Lines
Creators: name: Mealy, Tarek
name: Capolino, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the general conditions to realize a fourth order exceptional point of degeneracy (EPD) in two uniform (i.e., invariant along z) lossless and gainless coupled transmission lines (CTLs), namely, a degenerate band edge (DBE). Until now the DBE has been shown only in periodic structures. In contrast, the CTLs considered here are uniform and subdivided into four cases where the two TLs support combinations of forward propagation, backward propagation and evanescent modes (when neglecting the mutual coupling). We demonstrate for the first time that a DBE is supported in uniform CTLs when there is proper coupling between: (i) propagating modes and evanescent modes, (ii) forward and backward propagating modes, or (iii) four evanescent modes (two in each direction). We also show that the loaded quality factor of uniform CTLs exhibiting a fourth order EPD at k=0 is robust to series losses due to the fact that the degenerate modes do not advance in phase. We also provide a microstrip possible implementation of a uniform CTL exhibiting a DBE using periodic series capacitors with very sub-wavelength unit-cell length. Finally, we show an experimental verification of the existence DBE for a microstrip implementation of a CTL supporting coupled propagating and evanescent modes.
Additional file 3 of In utero estrogenic endocrine disruption alters the stroma to increase extracellular matrix density and mammary gland stiffness
Creators: name: Wormsbaecher, Clarissa
name: Hindman, Andrea R.
name: Avendano, Alex
name: Cortes-Medina, Marcos
name: Jones, Caitlin E.
name: Bushman, Andrew
name: Lotanna Onua
name: Kovalchin, Claire E.
name: Murphy, Alina R.
name: Helber, Hannah L.
name: Shapiro, Ali
name: Voytovitch, Kyle
name: Xingyan Kuang
name: Aguilar-Valenzuela, Renan
name: Leight, Jennifer L.
name: Song, Jonathan W.
name: Burd, Craig J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3.
Conformal symmetry of brane world effective actions
Creators: name: McFadden, Paul L.
name: Turok, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple derivation of the low-energy effective action for brane worlds is given, highlighting the role of conformal invariance. We show how to improve the effective action for a positive- and negative-tension brane pair using the AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: 5 pages, published version
Long-term efficacy of autologous cell therapy, repeated PTA and conservative treatment in people with diabetes and chronic limb threatening ischemia
Creators: name: Dubský, Michal
name: Sojáková, Dominika
name: Husáková, Jitka
name: Nemcova, Andrea
name: Fejfarova, Vladimira
name: Jarošíková, Radka
name: Kopp, Šimon
name: Woskova, Veronika
name: Sutoris, Karol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cell therapy
treatment
diabetes
chronic limb-threatening ischemia

description: Aim: Data about long-term clinical outcomes of revascularization procedures, especially for autologous cell therapy (ACT), in diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is lacking. The aim of our study was to compare the mortality and amputation rates in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and CLTI treated by ACT with patients treated by repeated percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (re-PTA) and patients treated conservatively. Method: One-hundred and thirty patients with DFU and CLTI (defined as transcutaneous oxygen pressure – TcPO2˂35mmHg after unsuccessful standard revascularization) treated in our foot clinic over 9 years were enrolled into the study. Forty-five patients were treated by ACT, 43 patients underwent re-PTA and 42 patients were treated conservatively and formed the control group. Overall survival, amputation-free survival (AFS) and major amputation rate were assessed over 7-year followup period. Results/Discussion: Patients in all groups did not differ significantly in baseline demographic characteristics or comorbidities. Patients in ACT and control groups had significantly worse baseline angiograms in accordance with Graziani and GLASS (infrapopliteal region) classifications than rePTA group (both p˂0.001), but there were no differences in baseline values of TcPO2 among all groups. The rate of major amputation after 7 years was significantly lower in ACT and re-PTA groups in comparison with control group (p=0.007 and p=0.001), similar results were observed in AFS – both active groups proved significantly longer AFS compared to control (p=0.008 and p=0.003). Re-PTA group showed significantly longer overall survival compared to ACT and control groups (p=0.045 and 0.009). Conclusion: Our study showed significantly lower amputation rates and longer AFS in patients treated by ACT and re-PTA in contrast to patients treated conservatively. Overall survival was significantly longer in re-PTA group. ACT proved to be long-term effective treatment of CLTI.
description: Supported by the project CarDia (Programme EXCELES, Project No. LX22NPO5104)-Funded by the European Union-Next Generation EU.
XNAP: Making LSTM-based Next Activity Predictions Explainable by Using LRP
Creators: name: Weinzierl, Sven
name: Zilker, Sandra
name: Brunk, Jens
name: Revoredo, Kate
name: Matzner, Martin
name: Becker, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predictive business process monitoring (PBPM) is a class of techniques designed to predict behaviour, such as next activities, in running traces. PBPM techniques aim to improve process performance by providing predictions to process analysts, supporting them in their decision making. However, the PBPM techniques` limited predictive quality was considered as the essential obstacle for establishing such techniques in practice. With the use of deep neural networks (DNNs), the techniques` predictive quality could be improved for tasks like the next activity prediction. While DNNs achieve a promising predictive quality, they still lack comprehensibility due to their hierarchical approach of learning representations. Nevertheless, process analysts need to comprehend the cause of a prediction to identify intervention mechanisms that might affect the decision making to secure process performance. In this paper, we propose XNAP, the first explainable, DNN-based PBPM technique for the next activity prediction. XNAP integrates a layer-wise relevance propagation method from the field of explainable artificial intelligence to make predictions of a long short-term memory DNN explainable by providing relevance values for activities. We show the benefit of our approach through two real-life event logs.
The Comeback of Biomaterials: A Sustainable Solution to Conventional Plastics
Creators: name: Dalia, Puig
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomaterials
Nanomaterials
Open Innovation Test Bed
Upscaling
Packaging
Automotive
Consumer Goods
Energy

description: Bio-based materials and consumer goods have long been a part of our daily lives. From the wood traditionally used to build houses to the wool and leather used for garments. However, the rise of synthetic polymers made from petroleum and other fossil fuels changed the rules of the game. Plastics challenged traditional materials and opened the doors to “endless” possibilities. Manufacturing was no longer limited by the availability of natural resources. Today, over a century after the invention of the first synthetic plastic (1907) and with climate change knocking at our door, tables have turned yet again, and bio-based materials are making their comeback.
Energy levels and decoherence properties of single electron and nuclear spins in a defect center in diamond
Creators: name: Popa, I.
name: Gaebel, T.
name: Domhan, M.
name: Wittmann, C.
name: Jelezko, F.
name: Wrachtrup, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent behavior of the single electron and single nuclear spins of a defect center in diamond and a 13C nucleus in its vicinity, respectively, are investigated. The energy levels associated with the hyperfine coupling of the electron spin of the defect center to the 13C nuclear spin are analyzed. Methods of magnetic resonance together with optical readout of single defect centers have been applied in order to observe the coherent dynamics of the electron and nuclear spins. Long coherence times, in the order of microseconds for electron spins and tens of microseconds for nuclear spins, recommend the studied system as a good experimental approach for implementing a 2-qubit gate.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Quality and efficacy of Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) quality assessment tools and discussion checklists: a systematic review
Creators: name: Brown, George T. F.
name: Bekker, Hilary L.
name: Young, Alastair L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Characteristics, methodology and key results of included studies [52, 53].
Additional file 7 of Neurofeedback for tinnitus: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial assessing the specificity of an alpha/delta neurofeedback training protocol in alleviating both sound perception and psychological distress in a cohort of chronic tinnitus sufferers
Creators: name: Jensen, Martin
name: Hüttenrauch, Eva
name: Schmidt, Jennifer
name: Andersson, Gerhard
name: Mira-Lynn Chavanon
name: Weise, Cornelia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7. Trial registration—dataset.
Characteristic Functions on Graphs: Birds of a Feather, from Statistical Descriptors to Parametric Models
Creators: name: Rozemberczki, Benedek
name: Sarkar, Rik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a flexible notion of characteristic functions defined on graph vertices to describe the distribution of vertex features at multiple scales. We introduce FEATHER, a computationally efficient algorithm to calculate a specific variant of these characteristic functions where the probability weights of the characteristic function are defined as the transition probabilities of random walks. We argue that features extracted by this procedure are useful for node level machine learning tasks. We discuss the pooling of these node representations, resulting in compact descriptors of graphs that can serve as features for graph classification algorithms. We analytically prove that FEATHER describes isomorphic graphs with the same representation and exhibits robustness to data corruption. Using the node feature characteristic functions we define parametric models where evaluation points of the functions are learned parameters of supervised classifiers. Experiments on real world large datasets show that our proposed algorithm creates high quality representations, performs transfer learning efficiently, exhibits robustness to hyperparameter changes, and scales linearly with the input size.
description: Source code is available at: https://github.com/benedekrozemberczki/FEATHER
Much faster heat/mass than momentum transport in rotating Couette flows
Creators: name: Brethouwer, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat and mass transport is generally closely correlated to momentum transport in shear flows. This so-called Reynolds analogy between advective heat or mass transport and momentum transport hinders efficiency improvements in engineering heat and mass transfer applications. I show through direct numerical simulations that in plane Couette and Taylor-Couette flow rotation can strongly influence wall-to-wall passive tracer transport and make it much faster than momentum transport, clearly in violation of the Reynolds analogy. This difference between passive tracer transport, representative of heat/mass transport, and momentum transport is observed in steady flows with large counter-rotating vortices at low Reynolds numbers as well as in fully turbulent flows at higher Reynolds numbers. It is especially large near the neutral (Rayleigh's) stability limit. The rotation-induced Coriolis force strongly damps the streamwise/azimuthal velocity fluctuations when this limit is approached while tracer fluctuations are much less affected. Accordingly, momentum transport is much more reduced than tracer transport, showing that the Coriolis force breaks the Reynolds analogy. At higher Reynolds numbers this strong advective transport dissimilarity is accompanied by approximate limit cycle dynamics with intense low-frequency bursts of turbulence when approaching the neutral stability limit. The study demonstrates that simple body forces can cause clear dissimilarities between heat/mass and momentum transport in shear flows.
Additional file 1 of Frailty Index and functional level upon admission predict hospital outcomes: an interRAI-based cohort study of older patients in post-acute care hospitals
Creators: name: Kerminen, Hanna
name: Huhtala, Heini
name: Jäntti, Pirkko
name: Valvanne, Jaakko
name: Jämsen, Esa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. The Frailty Index derived from interRAI Post-Acute Care instrument. Table that describes the formation of Frailty Index from interRAI Post-Acute Care instrument.
Kwere Kwere journeys into strangeness : reimagining inner-city regeneration in Hillbrow, Johannesburg
Creators: name: Winkler, Tanja Adele
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There are a number of debates currently taking place in the 'North' that suggest that faith-based organisations (FBOs) are better placed to address urban poverty and to facilitate grassroots regeneration than the state. Accordingly, religious organisations in stressed inner-city neighbourhoods have achieved a certain level of stability and presence that make them important sites for organising residents, particularly in non-Anglo, immigrant-rich communities. Northern scholars a l so suggest that faith-based community development benefits from readymade leadership, opportunities for new leadership, and the possibility of building strong collaborations with both secular and other faith affiliations. Collaboration then becomes key in promoting successful community/ faith-led regeneration projects. In Hillbrow, Johannesburg's most demonized and stressed inner-city neighbourhood, FBOs have also become "spaces of hope" for approximately 70 percent of its inhabitants. They enable at least one mechanism through which the everyday uncertainties and insecurities of the Sub-Saharan urban may be navigated. And they create, however tenuously, a sense of belonging in this transitional, port-of-entry, neighbourhood. This may be said despite Hillbrow's diverse, and sometimes competing, faith identities which are far from being homogeneous. Still, many facilitate social and welfare services abandoned by the city council, in addition to community wide development projects. In order to reimagine the City of Johannesburg's exclusionary and 'revanchist' regeneration policies, this study will argue for a civil society involved and/ or led regeneration by embracing planning for social transformation theories and practices: A s such, in contrast to the mainstream and official understanding of Hillbrow, sites of faith-based efforts reveal an/ Other Hillbrow: an organised civil society in which their current initiatives suggest new possibilities for urban regeneration and human flourishing.
Additional file 6 of Neurofeedback for tinnitus: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial assessing the specificity of an alpha/delta neurofeedback training protocol in alleviating both sound perception and psychological distress in a cohort of chronic tinnitus sufferers
Creators: name: Jensen, Martin
name: Hüttenrauch, Eva
name: Schmidt, Jennifer
name: Andersson, Gerhard
name: Mira-Lynn Chavanon
name: Weise, Cornelia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Participant Information regarding the ENT assessment part of the study "Tinnitus and Neurofeedback" (ToNe study).
Stochastic Resonance and Nonequilibrium Dynamic Phase Transition of Ising Spin System Driven by a Joint External Field
Creators: name: Shao, Y. Z.
name: Zhong, W. R.
name: Lin, G. M.
name: Li, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the dynamic response and stochastic resonance of kinetic Ising spin system (ISS), subject to the joint external field of weak sinusoidal modulation and stochastic white-noise, through solving the mean-field equation of motion based on Glauber dynamics. The periodically driven stochastic ISS shows the occurrence of characteristic stochastic resonance as well as nonequilibrium dynamic phase transition (NDPT) when the frequency and amplitude h0 of driving field, the temperature t of the system and noise intensity D attain a specific accordance in quantity. There exist in the system two typical dynamic phases, referred to as dynamic disordered paramagnetic and ordered ferromagnetic phases respectively, corresponding to zero and unit dynamic order parameter. We also figured out the NDPT boundary surface of the system which separates the dynamic paramagnetic and dynamic ferromagnetic phase in the 3D parameter space of h0~t~D. An intriguing dynamical ferromagnetic phase with an intermediate order parameter at 0.66 was revealed for the first time in the ISS subject to the perturbation of a joint determinant and stochastic field. Our primary result indicates that the intermediate order dynamical ferromagnetic phase is dynamic metastable in nature and owns a peculiar characteristic in its stability and response to external driving field when compared with fully order dynamic ferromagnetic phase.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures