cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Population-haplotype models for mapping and tagging structural variation using whole genome sequencing
Creators: name: Loizidou, Eleni
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The scientific interest in copy number variation (CNV) is rapidly increasing, mainly due to the evidence of phenotypic effects and its contribution to disease susceptibility. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which are abundant in the human genome have been widely investigated in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Despite the notable genomic effects both CNVs and SNPs have, the correlation between them has been relatively understudied. In the past decade, next generation sequencing (NGS) has been the leading high-throughput technology for investigating CNVs and offers mapping at a high-quality resolution. We created a map of NGS-defined CNVs tagged by SNPs using the 1000 Genomes Project phase 3 (1000G) sequencing data to examine patterns between the two types of variation in protein-coding genes. To investigate potential relationships between CNV-tagging SNPs and various phenotypes, we used SNPs reported for disease/phenotype associations from the GWAS catalog. Moreover, we applied our method to DIAGRAM consortium and Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC) data. Our analysis replicated existing CNV-tagging SNPs but also revealed novel relationships between them in almost all the datasets we analysed. We have developed a statistical framework under a population perspective for a fast and accurate CNV detection. Using 202 drug-target genes defined in collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), we applied our framework to the 1000G data. We calculated summary statistics based on the detected CNV calls including the allele frequency (AF) for each of the 26 populations of the 1000G. In addition, we visualised our results using UCSC genome browser visualisation tracks for all 202 regions and successfully benchmarked our CNV calls by comparing them to a gold standard set of the 1000G CNVs. Overall in this thesis, we present detailed maps of CNVs and CNV-tagging SNPs to enhance existing knowledge of their impact on human genome.
On Holomorphic Effective Actions of Hypermultiplets Coupled to External Gauge Superfields
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Samsonov, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structure of holomorphic effective action for hypermultiplet models interacting with background super Yang-Mills fields. A general form of holomorphic effective action is found for hypermultiplet belonging to arbitrary representation of any semisimple compact Lie group spontaneously broken to its maximal abelian subgroup. The applications of obtained results to hypermultiplets in fundamental and adjoint representations of the SU(n), SO(n), Sp(n) groups are considered.
description: 8 pages, no figures
How Detrimental is Coincidental Correctness to Defect Detection?
Creators: name: Masri, Wes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description:
According to the PIE and RIP models, three conditions must be satisfied for program failure to occur: 1) the defect’s location must execute or be reached; 2) the program’s state must become infected; and 3) the infection must propagate to the output. Weak coincidental correctness (or weak CC) occurs when the program produces the correct output, while condition 1) is satisfied but 2) and 3) are not satisfied. Strong coincidental correctness (or strong CC) occurs when the output is correct, while both conditions 1) and 2) are satisfied, but not 3). In the literature, typically coincidental correctness (CC) refers to strong CC.
Researchers have recognized the presence of CC and analytically demonstrated that it is a safety-reducing factor for spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL). However, they did not empirically validate that fact, which we do in this paper. Specifically, using the Defects4J benchmark, we comparatively evaluated the performance of SBFL using 52 different suspiciousness metrics when: a) both weak and strong CC tests are present (TwsCC); b) no weak nor strong CC tests are present (TnoCC); c) weak CC tests are present (TwCC); and d) strong CC tests are present (TsCC). Similarly, using five multi-fault Java programs, we evaluated the performance of greedy Test Suite Reduction (TSR) in the presence and absence of CC. That is, we empirically studied the impact of CC on defect detection using two commonly used techniques.
Using 49 out of the 52 metrics, our results showed with statistical significance that SBFL performs better when using TwCC, TsCC, and TnoCC than when using TwsCC. They also showed that TnoCC yields the best performance followed by TsCC, and then TwCC. However, the effect sizes were mostly trivial, except for three metrics. Compared to TwsCC, our TSR results showed that TnoCC, TsCC, and TwCC resulted in respectively I, G, and %6 more detected defects. Therefore, our empirical study suggests that CC is detrimental to defect detection, and that weak CC is more detrimental than strong CC.
Hirundo urbica Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Hirundinidae
Hirundo
Hirundo urbica

description: Hirundo urbica [spec. nov.]
H. rectricibus immaculatis, dorso nigro-caerulescente. Fn. svec. 245. It. oel. 41.
Hirundo agrestis s. rustica. Gesn. av. 564. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 7. Will. orn 155. Raj. av. 71. n. 2. Alb. av. 2. p. 52. t. 56. f. A. Frisch. av. 3. t. 17. f. 2.
Habitat in Europa, ad parietes sub tecto.
Venit venit Hirundo, pulchra tempora adducens & pulchros annos. Hesych.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 192, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Equivariant neural network for Green's functions of molecules and materials
Creators: name: Dong, Xinyang
name: Gull, Emanuel
name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The many-body Green's function provides access to electronic properties beyond density functional theory level in ab inito calculations. In this manuscript, we propose a deep learning framework for predicting the finite-temperature Green's function in atomic orbital space, aiming to achieve a balance between accuracy and efficiency. By predicting the self-energy matrices in Lehmann representation using an equivariant message passing neural network, our method respects its analytical property and the $E(3)$ equivariance. The Green's function is obtained from the predicted self-energy through Dyson equation with target total number of electrons. We present proof-of-concept benchmark results for both molecules and simple periodic systems, showing that our method is able to provide accurate estimate of physical observables such as energy and density of states based on the predicted Green's function.
Multiset-Valued Linear Index Grammars: Imposing Dominance Constraints on Derivations
Creators: name: Rambow, Owen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper defines multiset-valued linear index grammar and unordered vector grammar with dominance links. The former models certain uses of multiset-valued feature structures in unification-based formalisms, while the latter is motivated by word order variation and by ``quasi-trees'', a generalization of trees. The two formalisms are weakly equivalent, and an important subset is at most context-sensitive and polynomially parsable.
description: 8 pages, uuencoded compressed ps file
Additional file 2 of Evidence based QUality Improvement for Prescribing Stewardship in ICU (EQUIPS-ICU): protocol for type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness study
Creators: name: Wagstaff, Duncan
name: Amausi, John
name: Arfin, Sumaiya
name: Aryal, Diptesh
name: Nor, Mohd Basri Mat
name: Bonney, Joseph
name: Dondorp, Arjen
name: Dongelmans, David
name: Dullawe, Layoni
name: Fazla, Fathima
name: Ghose, Aniruddha
name: Hanciles, Eva
name: Haniffa, Rashan
name: Hashmi, Madiha
name: Smith, Adam Hewitt
name: Kumar, Bharath
name: Minh, Yen Lam
name: Moonesinghe, Ramani
name: Pisani, Luigi
name: Sendagire, Cornelius
name: Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz
name: Ghalib, Maryam Shamal
name: Frimpong, Moses Siaw
name: Ranzani, Otavio
name: Sultan, Menbeu
name: Thomson, David
name: Tripathy, Swagata
name: Thwaites, Louise
name: Uddin, Rabiul Alam Md. Erfan
name: Mazlan, Mohd Zulfakar
name: Waweru-Siika, Wangari
name: Beane, Abigail
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2. Site level survey.
Assembly of microbial communities across miniature landscapes
Creators: name: Wilson, Drew Taylor
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Bacteria are the cornerstones of all ecosystems, but our understanding of the factors that govern the temporal and spatial distribution of bacteria remains limited. Bacterial communities are often treated as well-mixed, but it is clear that, in most environments, they occupy discrete habitat patches that contain different abiotic conditions and different sets of interacting species. While there have been many studies that have investigated spatial structure at micrometer scales (e.g. biofilms) and at kilometre scales (e.g. biogeographic distributions), there are few studies that have investigated the role of spatial heterogeneity at the meso-scale (mm to cm). The meso-scale may be particularly important for understanding the assembly and dynamics of bacterial communities because it is the scale at which most bacterial dispersal occurs. This thesis assesses how environmental heterogeneity impacts the assembly of bacterial communities occupying discrete habitat patches which are connected by dispersal within miniature landscapes. The results from these experiments using bacterial ‘metacommunities’ indicate that factors associated with dispersal (e.g. species arrival timing and geographic distance) produce local variation in population sizes despite landscape-level conservation of community structure. Furthermore, the impact of environmental heterogeneity on the evolution and distribution of bacteria depended on their capacity to disperse around the landscape. We therefore propose that understanding the details of bacterial community assembly requires further understanding of the interaction between dispersalbased processes and environmental heterogeneity.
On extremal sections of subspaces of $L_p$
Creators: name: Eskenazis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $m,n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $p\in(0,\infty)$. For a finite dimensional quasi-normed space $X=(\mathbb{R}^m, \|\cdot\|_X)$, let $$B_p^n(X) = \Big\{ (x_1,\ldots,x_n)\in\big(\mathbb{R}^{m}\big)^n: \ \sum_{i=1}^n \|x_i\|_X^p \leq 1\Big\}.$$ We show that for every $p\in(0,2)$ and $X$ which admits an isometric embedding into $L_p$, the function $$S^{n-1} \ni θ= (θ_1,\ldots,θ_n) \longmapsto \Big| B_p^n(X) \cap\Big\{(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\in \big(\mathbb{R}^{m}\big)^n: \ \sum_{i=1}^n θ_i x_i=0 \Big\} \Big|$$ is a Schur convex function of $(θ_1^2,\ldots,θ_n^2)$, where $|\cdot|$ denotes Lebesgue measure. In particular, it is minimized when $θ=\big(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}},\ldots,\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\big)$ and maximized when $θ=(1,0,\ldots,0)$. This is a consequence of a more general statement about Laplace transforms of norms of suitable Gaussian random vectors which also implies dual estimates for the mean width of projections of the polar body $\big(B_p^n(X)\big)^\circ$ if the unit ball $B_X$ of $X$ is in Lewis' position. Finally, we prove a lower bound for the volume of projections of $B_\infty^n(X)$, where $X=(\mathbb{R}^m,\|\cdot\|_X)$ is an arbitrary quasi-normed space.
Formation of Mn-rich interfacial phases in Co2FexMn1-xSi thin films
Creators: name: Law, Ka Ming
name: Thind, Arashdeep S.
name: Pendharkar, Mihir
name: Patel, Sahil J.
name: Phillips, Joshua J.
name: Palmstrom, Chris J.
name: Gazquez, Jaume
name: Borisevich, Albina
name: Mishra, Rohan
name: Hauser, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the formation of Mn-rich regions at the interface of Co2FexMn1-xSi thin films grown on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with electron energy loss (EEL) spectrum imaging reveals that each interfacial region: (1) is 1-2 nm wide, (2) occurs irrespective of the Fe/Mn composition ratio and in both Co-rich and Co-poor films, and (3) displaces both Co and Fe indiscriminately. We also observe a Mn-depleted region in each film directly above each Mn-rich interfacial layer, roughly 3 nm in width in the x = 0 and x = 0.3 films, and 1 nm in the x = 0.7 (less Mn) film. We posit that growth energetics favor Mn diffusion to the interface even when there is no significant Ga interdiffusion into the epitaxial film. Element-specific X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements show larger Co, Fe, and Mn orbital to spin magnetic moment ratios compared to bulk values across the Co2FexMn1-xSi compositional range. The values lie between reported values for pure bulk and nanostructured Co, Fe, and Mn materials, corroborating the non-uniform, layered nature of the material on the nanoscale. Finally, SQUID magnetometry demonstrates that the films deviate from the Slater-Pauling rule for uniform films of both the expected and the measured composition. The results inform a need for care and increased scrutiny when forming Mn-based magnetic thin films on III-V semiconductors like GaAs, particularly when films are on the order of 5 nm or when interface composition is critical to spin transport or other device applications.
Early verbal categories and inflections in children who use speech-generating devices
Creators: name: Gat Savaldi-Harussi
name: Soto, Gloria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The use of early verbal categories, their event types, and the emergence of verbal inflections (-ing, -s, and -ed) were analyzed in data from four participants with motor speech disorders aged 9;5–13;9 (years;months) who used speech-generating devices to converse with a familiar adult. The study was conducted through a secondary analysis of a corpus of data collected as part of another study. It documents the production of verbs and the emergence of verb inflections in natural conversations between each of the participants and a member of their educational team over a period of up to 10 months. All participants used both action and state verbs, although action verbs were dominant. The emergence of the inflections -ing, -s, and -ed varied and were distributed selectively with different verb categories and event types. The results are discussed in terms of language development and are considered in terms of the findings from research with children without disabilities, which suggest that action verbs precede state verbs, and inflections are primarily acquired based on their correspondence to the verbal category (action–state). Implications for theory, practice, and further research are discussed.
First-principles calculation of optical responses based on nonorthogonal localized orbitals
Creators: name: Wang, Chong
name: Zhao, Sibo
name: Guo, Xiaomi
name: Ren, Xinguo
name: Gu, Bing-Lin
name: Xu, Yong
name: Duan, Wenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on ab initio software packages using nonorthogonal localized orbitals, we develop a general scheme of calculating response functions. We test the performance of this method by calculating nonlinear optical responses of materials, like the shift current conductivity of monolayer WS2, and achieve good agreement with previous calculations. This method bears many similarities to Wannier interpolation, which requires a challenging optimization of Wannier functions due to the conflicting requirements of orthogonality and localization. Although computationally heavier compared to Wannier interpolation, our procedure avoids the construction of Wannier functions and thus enables automated high throughput calculations of linear and nonlinear responses related to electrical, magnetic and optical material properties.
The Effect of Coincidental Correctness on Defect Detection: an Empirical Study
Creators: name: Masri, Wes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: According to the PIE model, three conditions must be met for failure to be observed: 1) the defect is executed, 2) the program is infected, and 3) the infection has propagated to the output. Weak coincidental correctness (CC) occurs when the program produces the correct output, while condition 1) is satisfied but 2) and 3) are not satisfied. Strong coincidental correctness occurs when a correct output is observed, while both conditions 1) and 2) are satisfied but not 3).  In prior work, we analytically demonstrated that CC is a safety reducing factor for coverage-based fault localization (CBFL). However, we did not experimentally validate that fact, which we do in this paper. Specifically, we comparatively evaluated the performance of CBFL using ten different suspiciousness metrics when: a) both weak and strong CC tests are present; b) no weak nor strong CC tests are present; c) only weak CC tests are present; d) only strong CC tests are present. Our experiments showed that when the CC tests are discarded, in most cases the suspiciousness score of the defective statement increased and its EXAM ranking score also improved. The metrics that benefited most from discarding CC tests are: Tarantula, Ample, Ochiai, Dstar2, and Dstar3. Whereas, discarding CC tests had no effect on Russel, Wong1, and Binary. However, the latter three metrics were the worst performers in regard to the EXAM score.
Knowledge management for self-organised resource allocation
Creators: name: Burth Kurka, David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Many open systems, such as networks, distributed computing and socio-technical systems address a common problem of how to define knowledge management processes to structure and guide decision-making, coordination and learning. While participation is an essential and desirable feature of such systems, the amount of information produced by its individual agents can often be overwhelming and intractable. The challenge, thus, is how to organise and process such information, so it is transformed into productive knowledge used for the resolution of collective action problems. To address this problem, we consider a study of classical Athenian democracy which investigates how the governance model of the city-state flourished. The work suggests that exceptional knowledge management, i.e. making information available for socially productive purposes, played a crucial role in sustaining its democracy for nearly 200 years, by creating processes for aggregation, alignment and codification of knowledge. We therefore examine the proposition that some properties of this historical experience can be generalised and applied to computational systems, so we establish a set of design principles intended to make knowledge management processes open, inclusive, transparent and effective in self-governed social technical systems. We operationalise three of these principles in the context of a collective action situation, namely self-organised common-pool resource allocation, exploring four governance problems: (a) how fairness can be perceived; (b) how resources can be distributed; (c) how policies should be enforced and (d) how tyranny can be opposed. By applying this operationalisation of the design principles for knowledge management processes as a complement to institutional approaches to governance, we demonstrate empirically how it can guide solutions that satisfice shared values, distribute power fairly, apply "common sense" in dealing with rule violations, and protect agents against abuse of power. We conclude by arguing that this approach to the design of open systems can provide the foundations for sustainable and democratic self-governance in socio-technical systems.
Supercharges, Killing Spinors and Intersecting Gauge Five-branes
Creators: name: Lima, E.
name: Lu, H.
name: Ovrut, B. A.
name: Pope, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain new solutions where a string and a pp-wave lie in the common worldvolume directions of the non-standard intersection of two gauge 5-branes in the heterotic string. The two 5-branes are supported by independent SU(2) Yang-Mills instantons in their respective (non-overlapping) transverse spaces. We present a detailed study of the unbroken supersymmetry, focusing especially on a comparison between a direct construction of Killing spinors and a counting of zero eigenvalues in the annticommutator of supercharges. The results are in agreement with some previous arguments, to the effect that additional zero eigenvalues resulting from a ``fine-tuning'' between positive-energy and negative-energy contributions from different components in an intersection are spurious, and should not be taken as an indication of supersymmetry enhancements. These observations have a general applicability that goes beyond the specific example we study in this paper.
description: Latex, 23 pages; minor revisions, and references added
Hirundo riparia Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Hirundinidae
Hirundo
Hirundo riparia

description: Hirundo riparia [spec. nov.]
H. cinerea, gula abdomineque albis. Fn. svec. 247.
Hirundo riparia s. Drepanis. Gesn. av. 656. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 8. Will. orn. 156. t. 39. Raj. av. 71. n. 3. Alb. av. 2. p. 52. t. 56. f. B. Frisch. av. t. 18. f. 2.
Habitat in Europae collibus arenosis abruptis, foramine serpentino.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 192, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: Имитационное моделирование: основы практического применения в среде AnyLogic
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ефромеева Е.В.
name:  Ефромеев Н.М.
Publisher: name: Вузовское образование
Year: 2020

description: В учебном пособии рассматриваются базовые вопросы курса «Имитационное моделирование». Цель предлагаемого издания — оказать студентам теоретическую и практическую помощь в освоении среды системы моделирования AnyLogic. Подготовлено в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Предназначено для изучения дисциплины «Имитационное моделирование» по направлениям подготовки высшего образования 09.03.01 «Информатика и вычислительная техника», 09.03.03 «Прикладная информатика», 02.03.02 «Фундаментальная информатика и информационные технологии», 02.03.03 «Математическое обеспечение и администрирование информационных систем», 38.03.05 «Бизнес-информатика». Кроме того, учебное пособие будет полезно студентам других специальностей и направлений, изучающим дисциплины, связанные с имитационным моделированием.
Monitoring the health and integrity of Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Vieira Steiner, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) will play a major role in the Internet of Things collecting the data that will support decision-making and enable the automation of many applications. Nevertheless, the introduction of these devices into our daily life raises serious concerns about their integrity. Therefore, at any given point, one must be able to tell whether or not a node has been compromised. Moreover, it is crucial to understand how the compromise of a particular node or set of nodes may affect the network operation. In this thesis, we present a framework to monitor the health and integrity of WSNs that allows us to detect compromised devices and comprehend how they might impact a network’s performance. We start by investigating the use of attestation to identify malicious nodes and advance the state of the art by exploring limitations of existing mechanisms. Firstly, we tackle effectiveness and scalability by combining attestation with measurements inspection and show that the right combination of both schemes can achieve high accuracy whilst significantly reducing power consumption. Secondly, we propose a novel stochastic software-based attestation approach that relaxes a fundamental and yet overlooked assumption made in the literature significantly reducing time and energy consumption while improving the detection rate of honest devices. Lastly, we propose a mathematical model to represent the health of a WSN according to its abilities to perform its functions. Our model combines the knowledge regarding compromised nodes with additional information that quantifies the importance of each node. In this context, we propose a new centrality measure and analyse how well existing metrics can rank the importance each sensor node has on the network connectivity. We demonstrate that while no measure is invariably better, our proposed metric outperforms the others in the vast majority of cases.
R.L. Crocker and the South Australian palaeodunefields
Creators: name: C. Rowland Twidale
name: Bourne, Jennifer A.
name: Hilgers, Alexandria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Robert Langdon Crocker was the first scientist to investigate the separate fields of desert dunes that, now stabilised by vegetation and relic, extend over much of southern South Australia. Though he considered their origin, he was particularly concerned with their age or ages, and hence their significance for climatic change. As no physical dating methods appropriate to dune sand were then available, he perforce relied on stratigraphy and subjective criteria such as degree of weathering. Consequently, most of his estimates were of the wrong order of magnitude, but he focused attention on the chronology of events responsible for the geographically separate dunefields. Later work has shown that, as Crocker surmised, the fields share a common chronology. So much so that it is proposed that they could justifiably be named after he who first recognised their common characteristics and raised the questions of when they formed, when they were stabilised, and thus when climate had changed.
Decomposing journey time variance on urban rail transit systems
Creators: name: Singh, Ramandeep
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis, automated fare collection (AFC) data are used to analyse and quantify transit journey time service quality on the London Underground metro system. The thesis comprises of three main research areas. The first part focuses on characterising passenger journey time variance through the generation of empirical probability distributions of journey times under regular and incident-affected operating conditions. The distributions are parametrically defined, and practical passenger-oriented performance metrics are proposed based on the moments of the distributions. The second area of research involves decomposing total passenger journey times recorded by the AFC data into sub-components that distinguish between the walking and in-vehicle phases of a passenger journey. To achieve this, a Bayesian assignment algorithm is proposed to allocate individual passengers to individual trains. Total journey times are then decomposed into the constituent components of access, on-train, and egress times. In the third area of research, the degree to which different service supply and demand factors influence journey times is analysed. Semiparametric regression methods are applied to quantify the effect of physical station and route characteristics, operational service supply factors, and passenger demand levels for each journey time component. To quantify the effect of individual passenger characteristics on journey times, passenger-level heterogeneity within each journey time component is analysed. As an extension to the access time model, the influence of train headways on passenger wait times at the origin station is also derived. The main outputs of the thesis are the quantification of journey time performance, and the identification of the key service supply and demand factors that impact journey times. The results can be directly applied by operators to guide where potential interventions should be made in order to improve the reliability of journey times for urban rail transit networks.
Addressing The Knapsack Challenge Through Cultural Algorithm Optimization
Creators: name: Vahdatpour, Mohammad Saleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The "0-1 knapsack problem" stands as a classical combinatorial optimization conundrum, necessitating the selection of a subset of items from a given set. Each item possesses inherent values and weights, and the primary objective is to formulate a selection strategy that maximizes the total value while adhering to a predefined capacity constraint. In this research paper, we introduce a novel variant of Cultural Algorithms tailored specifically for solving 0-1 knapsack problems, a well-known combinatorial optimization challenge. Our proposed algorithm incorporates a belief space to refine the population and introduces two vital functions for dynamically adjusting the crossover and mutation rates during the evolutionary process. Through extensive experimentation, we provide compelling evidence of the algorithm's remarkable efficiency in consistently locating the global optimum, even in knapsack problems characterized by high dimensions and intricate constraints.
Additional file 3 of Evidence based QUality Improvement for Prescribing Stewardship in ICU (EQUIPS-ICU): protocol for type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness study
Creators: name: Wagstaff, Duncan
name: Amausi, John
name: Arfin, Sumaiya
name: Aryal, Diptesh
name: Nor, Mohd Basri Mat
name: Bonney, Joseph
name: Dondorp, Arjen
name: Dongelmans, David
name: Dullawe, Layoni
name: Fazla, Fathima
name: Ghose, Aniruddha
name: Hanciles, Eva
name: Haniffa, Rashan
name: Hashmi, Madiha
name: Smith, Adam Hewitt
name: Kumar, Bharath
name: Minh, Yen Lam
name: Moonesinghe, Ramani
name: Pisani, Luigi
name: Sendagire, Cornelius
name: Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz
name: Ghalib, Maryam Shamal
name: Frimpong, Moses Siaw
name: Ranzani, Otavio
name: Sultan, Menbeu
name: Thomson, David
name: Tripathy, Swagata
name: Thwaites, Louise
name: Uddin, Rabiul Alam Md. Erfan
name: Mazlan, Mohd Zulfakar
name: Waweru-Siika, Wangari
name: Beane, Abigail
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3. Interview guide (months 4–6).
Some Advances in Transformation-Based Part of Speech Tagging
Creators: name: Brill, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most recent research in trainable part of speech taggers has explored stochastic tagging. While these taggers obtain high accuracy, linguistic information is captured indirectly, typically in tens of thousands of lexical and contextual probabilities. In [Brill92], a trainable rule-based tagger was described that obtained performance comparable to that of stochastic taggers, but captured relevant linguistic information in a small number of simple non-stochastic rules. In this paper, we describe a number of extensions to this rule-based tagger. First, we describe a method for expressing lexical relations in tagging that are not captured by stochastic taggers. Next, we show a rule-based approach to tagging unknown words. Finally, we show how the tagger can be extended into a k-best tagger, where multiple tags can be assigned to words in some cases of uncertainty.
description: 6 Pages. Code available
On the support of solutions of stochastic differential equations with path-dependent coefficients
Creators: name: Cont, Rama
name: Kalinin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 28C20, 34K50

description: Given a stochastic differential equation with path-dependent coefficients driven by a multidimensional Wiener process, we show that the support of the law of the solution is given by the image of the Cameron-Martin space under the flow of mild solutions to a system of path-dependent ordinary differential equations. Our result extends the Stroock-Varadhan support theorem for diffusion processes to the case of stochastic differential equations with path-dependent coefficients. The proof is based on functional Ito calculus.
description: 42 pages
The Hadamard Function and the Feynman Propagator in the AdS/CFT Correspondence
Creators: name: Ryang, Shijong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the retarded Green function and the Hadamard function in the Lorentzian (d+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter spacetime for the Poincaré coordinate by performing the mode integration directly. We explore the structure of singularities for the position-space Feynman propagator derived from them. The boundary scaling limits of the bulk Feynman propagator yield the bulk-boundary propagator and the boundary conformal correlation function with an extra factor.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX2e, no figures
Exploring the Statistical Derivation of Transformational Rule Sequences for Part-of-Speech Tagging
Creators: name: Ramshaw, Lance A.
name: Marcus, Mitchell P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Eric Brill has recently proposed a simple and powerful corpus-based language modeling approach that can be applied to various tasks including part-of-speech tagging and building phrase structure trees. The method learns a series of symbolic transformational rules, which can then be applied in sequence to a test corpus to produce predictions. The learning process only requires counting matches for a given set of rule templates, allowing the method to survey a very large space of possible contextual factors. This paper analyses Brill's approach as an interesting variation on existing decision tree methods, based on experiments involving part-of-speech tagging for both English and ancient Greek corpora. In particular, the analysis throws light on why the new mechanism seems surprisingly resistant to overtraining. A fast, incremental implementation and a mechanism for recording the dependencies that underlie the resulting rule sequence are also described.
description: 10 pages, in proceedings of the ACL Balancing Act workshop
Additional file 4 of Evidence based QUality Improvement for Prescribing Stewardship in ICU (EQUIPS-ICU): protocol for type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness study
Creators: name: Wagstaff, Duncan
name: Amausi, John
name: Arfin, Sumaiya
name: Aryal, Diptesh
name: Nor, Mohd Basri Mat
name: Bonney, Joseph
name: Dondorp, Arjen
name: Dongelmans, David
name: Dullawe, Layoni
name: Fazla, Fathima
name: Ghose, Aniruddha
name: Hanciles, Eva
name: Haniffa, Rashan
name: Hashmi, Madiha
name: Smith, Adam Hewitt
name: Kumar, Bharath
name: Minh, Yen Lam
name: Moonesinghe, Ramani
name: Pisani, Luigi
name: Sendagire, Cornelius
name: Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz
name: Ghalib, Maryam Shamal
name: Frimpong, Moses Siaw
name: Ranzani, Otavio
name: Sultan, Menbeu
name: Thomson, David
name: Tripathy, Swagata
name: Thwaites, Louise
name: Uddin, Rabiul Alam Md. Erfan
name: Mazlan, Mohd Zulfakar
name: Waweru-Siika, Wangari
name: Beane, Abigail
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4. Interview guide (month 7).
Constant field strengths on T^{2n}
Creators: name: Troost, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse field strength configurations in U(N) Yang-Mills theory on T^{2n} that are diagonal and constant, extending early work of Van Baal on T^4. The spectrum of fluctuations is determined and the eigenfunctions are given explicitly in terms of theta functions on tori. We show the relevance of the analysis to higher dimensional D-branes and discuss applications of the results in string theory.
description: 20 pages, typos corrected and footnote added, NPB version
title: ADCO, Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0425
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0425, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0425, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Classical 'spin' filtering with two degrees of freedom and dissipation
Creators: name: Varshney, Atul
name: Ghazaryan, Areg
name: Volosniev, Artem G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling of angular motion to a spin degree of freedom gives rise to various transport phenomena in quantum systems that are beyond the standard paradigms of classical physics. Here, we discuss features of spin-orbit dynamics that can be visualized using a classical model with two coupled angular degrees of freedom. Specifically, we demonstrate classical 'spin' filtering through our model and show that the interplay between angular degrees of freedom and dissipation can lead to asymmetric 'spin' transport.
description: Submitted to a special issue dedicated to the European conference on few-body problems in physics (EFB25)
The structure of N=3 multiplets in AdS_4 and the complete Osp(3|4) X SU(3) spectrum of M-theory on AdS_4 X N^{010}
Creators: name: Fre', Pietro
name: Gualtieri, Leonardo
name: Termonia, Piet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, relying on previous results of one of us on harmonic analysis, we derive the complete spectrum of Osp(3|4) X SU(3) multiplets that one obtains compactifying D=11 supergravity on the unique homogeneous space N^{0,1,0} that has a tri-sasakian structure, namely leads to N=3 supersymmetry both in the four-dimensional bulk and on the three-dimensional boundary. As in previously analyzed cases the knowledge of the Kaluza Klein spectrum, together with general information on the geometric structure of the compact manifold is an essential ingredient to guess and construct the corresponding superconformal field theory. This is work in progress. As a bonus of our analysis we derive and present the explicit structure of all unitary irreducible representations of the superalgebra Osp(3|4) with maximal spin content s_{max}>=2.
description: Latex2e, 13+1 pages
On varieties of Fano type and singularities in positive characteristic
Creators: name: Bernasconi, Fabio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: In this dissertation we explore the birational geometry of higher-dimensional algebraic varieties in positive characteristic, with a special emphasis on the study of varieties of Fano type and the singularities of the Minimal Model Program. In the first two chapters we prove that many classical statements of the Minimal Model Program do not hold in characteristic p > 0 by exhibiting explicit counterexamples: we construct a klt del Pezzo surface violating the Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing theorem and Kawamata log terminal threefold singularities which are not rational in characteristic three, purely log terminal pairs with non-normal centres and terminal Fano varieties with non- vanishing intermediate cohomology in all positive characteristic. Then, we discuss a joint work with H. Tanaka where we study the geometry of threefold del Pezzo fibrations in positive characteristic. This is done by carrying out a detailed analysis of surfaces of del Pezzo type over an imperfect field k: we bound the torsion index of numerically trivial line bundles and we show geometric integrality of such surfaces in characteristic at least seven. On the arithmetic side, we show that a surface of del Pezzo type over a C 1 -field admits a closed point with purely inseparable residue field of bounded degree. Finally, in the last chapter we prove a refinement of the Base point free Theorem for nef Cartier divisors of numerical dimension at least one on Kawamata log terminal threefolds in large characteristic.
Gauge ambiguities imply Jaynes-Cummings physics remains valid in ultrastrong coupling QED
Creators: name: Stokes, Adam
name: Nazir, Ahsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrastrong-coupling between two-level systems and radiation is important for both fundamental and applied quantum electrodynamics (QED). Such regimes are identified by the breakdown of the rotating-wave approximation, which applied to the quantum Rabi model (QRM) yields the apparently less fundamental Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM). We show that when truncating the material system to two levels, each gauge gives a different description whose predictions vary significantly for ultrastrong-coupling. QRMs are obtained through specific gauge choices, but so too is a JCM without needing the rotating-wave approximation. Analysing a circuit QED setup, we find that this JCM provides more accurate predictions than the QRM for the ground state, and often for the first excited state as well. Thus, Jaynes-Cummings physics is not restricted to light-matter coupling below the ultrastrong limit. Among the many implications is that the system's ground state is not necessarily highly entangled, which is usually considered a hallmark of ultrastrong-coupling.
description: 9 pages, plus 20 page Supplementary Information. See also related independent work arXiv:1805.05339,
Additional file 5 of Evidence based QUality Improvement for Prescribing Stewardship in ICU (EQUIPS-ICU): protocol for type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness study
Creators: name: Wagstaff, Duncan
name: Amausi, John
name: Arfin, Sumaiya
name: Aryal, Diptesh
name: Nor, Mohd Basri Mat
name: Bonney, Joseph
name: Dondorp, Arjen
name: Dongelmans, David
name: Dullawe, Layoni
name: Fazla, Fathima
name: Ghose, Aniruddha
name: Hanciles, Eva
name: Haniffa, Rashan
name: Hashmi, Madiha
name: Smith, Adam Hewitt
name: Kumar, Bharath
name: Minh, Yen Lam
name: Moonesinghe, Ramani
name: Pisani, Luigi
name: Sendagire, Cornelius
name: Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz
name: Ghalib, Maryam Shamal
name: Frimpong, Moses Siaw
name: Ranzani, Otavio
name: Sultan, Menbeu
name: Thomson, David
name: Tripathy, Swagata
name: Thwaites, Louise
name: Uddin, Rabiul Alam Md. Erfan
name: Mazlan, Mohd Zulfakar
name: Waweru-Siika, Wangari
name: Beane, Abigail
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 5. Participant Information Sheet.
ON OPTIMIZATION OF MANUFACTURING OF FIELD-EFFECT HETERO TRANSISTORS FRAMEWORK A VOLTAGE REFERENCE TO INCREASE THEIR DENSITY. INFLUENCE OF MISS-MATCH INDUCED STRESS AND POROSITY OF MATERIALS ON TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
Creators: name: E.L. Pankratov
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100702 Molecular and Organic Electronics
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: In this paper we introduce an approach to increase density of field-effect transistors framework a voltage reference. Framework the approach we consider manufacturing the inverter in heterostructure with specific configuration. Several required areas of the heterostructure should be doped by diffusion or ion implantation. After that dopant and radiation defects should by annealed framework optimized scheme. We also consider an approach to decrease value of mismatch-induced stress in the considered heterostructure. We introduce an analytical approach to analyze mass and heat transport in heterostructures during manufacturing of integrated circuits with account mismatch-induced stress.