cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel microRNA involved in non-specific binding to a decoy transcript
Creators: name: Slowski, Kathryn Johanna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: MicroRNAs are known to be upregulated or downregulated in various types of cancer, leading to changes in the expression of genes involved in cellular proliferation, anti-apoptosis, migration, and invasion. To study the effects of microRNA loss or gain in different neoplasms, numerous models have been described to decrease or increase expression of microRNAs, but the off-target effects of different methods have not been well investigated. I investigated the possibility of off-target effects in a model of miR-143 knockdown in myeloid leukemia cell lines that implemented a microRNA sponge, or decoy, as a method to reduce microRNA expression. The high expression of a sponge with repetitive sequence elements and low expression of the intended microRNA for knockdown, miR-143, created conditions with increased potential for non-specific microRNAs to bind to the sponge. Therefore, I investigated the potential binding sites present in the sponge and whether any novel microRNAs could bind to these sites. I found a number of potential candidates and eliminated them based on their likelihood of regulating protein targets and their resemblance to a microRNA in structure, leaving one potential candidate. I found genomic evidence of the existence of this novel microRNA, evolutionary conservation of function, and performed assays that confirmed the biological activity. Next, the original sponge was redesigned to inhibit the binding of the potential non-specific microRNA; miR-X, or the miR-143 binding sites were mutated to inhibit the binding of miR-143 and capture miR-X instead. This demonstrated that binding of non-specific microRNA could be abrogated and differential protein abundance specific to the knockdown of each microRNA separately was verified. I conclude that non-specific binding to the sponge is a distinct possibility in experiments using this method of microRNA knockdown, which needs to be taken into account when designing sponges in the future. This work also demonstrates that there remain novel microRNAs awaiting discovery.
Unusual magnetoresistance in a topological insulator with a single ferromagnetic barrier
Creators: name: Kong, B. D.
name: Semenov, Y. G.
name: Krowne, C.
name: Kim, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling surface current through a thin ferromagnetic barrier in a three-dimensional topological insulator is shown to possess an extraordinary response to the orientation of barrier magnetization. In contrast to conventional magnetoresistance devices that are sensitive to the relative alignment of two magnetic layers, a drastic change in the transmission current is achieved by a single layer when its magnetization rotates by 90 degrees. Numerical estimations predict a giant magnetoresistance as large as 800 % at room temperature and the proximate exchange interaction of 40 meV in the barrier. When coupled with electrical control of magnetization direction, this phenomenon may be used to enhance the gating function with potentially sharp turn-on/off for low power applications.
Confirm Responsibility for Knowledge and Value to Retain Undergraduates in Introductory Statistics
Creators: name: Xing, Kuan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Learning statistics is challenging for many undergraduates who do not major in statistics. Their commitment to learning statistics is an important factor for their future academic attainment. This project was focused on exploring why undergraduates in their introductory statistics course should learn statistics by identifying three types of responsibility–responsibility to use conceptual statistical knowledge, responsibility to use procedural statistical knowledge, and responsibility for perceiving the utility value of statistics. Participants were randomly assigned to either a “full responsibility,” “knowledge responsibility,” or “undefined responsibility” group. Participants in the full responsibility group completed three responsibility primes – one focused on responsibility for using rudimentary conceptual statistical knowledge, one focused on responsibility for using rudimentary procedural statistical knowledge, and a third focused on responsibility for imagining the perceived utility value of statistics. Participants in the knowledge responsibility group completed only the knowledge primes. Participants in the undefined responsibility group completed none of those primes. All participants reported their commitment to learning statistics at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the semester. Reportedly, participants in the full responsibility and the knowledge responsibility group were more familiar with procedural statistical knowledge than conceptual statistical knowledge. At the end of the semester, participants in the full responsibility group tended to report stronger belief about persistence decisions and more likely attributed their success to effort while their counterparts in the knowledge responsibility group tended to report stronger belief about statistical ability, both compared with the undefined responsibility group. Across the semester, all participants reported stronger beliefs about success caused by ability and weaker beliefs about success caused by effort; they reported stronger beliefs about their failure caused by difficult task. Research findings indicated participants could distinguish their conceptual statistical knowledge from their procedural statistical knowledge and relate the value of statistics to their daily lives. Across the semester, their attributional beliefs could function as adaptive strategies for their retention in their statistics class.
title: Anneau_de_schiste_3
Creators: name: Noé Angelé
name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: schiste
subject: anneau

description: pièce technique de la chaîne opératoire de production d'anneaux
description: 1 fichier 3D (ply), 1 fichier image (jpg), 1 fichier unknown (G:/MODELE/31__Anneau_de_schiste_3__masque_texture/01__Recto), 1 fichier unknown (G:/MODELE/31__Anneau_de_schiste_3__masque_texture/02__Verso)
Avoiding the Detector Blinding Attack on Quantum Cryptography
Creators: name: Yuan, Z L
name: Dynes, J F
name: Shields, A J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the detector blinding attack by Lydersen et al [1] will be ineffective on most single photon avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and certainly ineffective on any detectors that are operated correctly. The attack is only successful if a redundant resistor is included in series with the APD, or if the detector discrimination levels are set inappropriately.
title: Anneau_de_schiste_2
Creators: name: Noé Angelé
name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: schiste
subject: anneau

description: pièce technique de la chaîne opératoire de production d'anneaux
description: 1 fichier 3D (ply), 1 fichier image (jpg), 1 fichier unknown (G:/MODELE/30__Anneau_de_schiste_2__bon/01__Recto), 1 fichier unknown (G:/MODELE/30__Anneau_de_schiste_2__bon/02__Verso)
Ubuntu pedagogy – transforming educational practices in South Africa through an African philosophy: from theory to practice
Creators: name: Ngubane, Nomlaungelo
name: Makua, Manyane
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Education in South Africa, and Africa at large, has always been construed from Eurocentric perspectives despite Africa being rich with indigenous philosophies and knowledge systems such as the Ubuntu philosophy. In this paper, we bring forth the viability of Ubuntu pedagogy, which draws from the indigenous Ubuntu philosophy, for the promotion of co-existence, social cohesion and inclusivity in education. Drawing from the Collective Fingers Theory, we examine the extent to which the principles of Ubuntu philosophy can cultivate and restore African indigenous values and cultures in diverse educational settings. We draw from literature to position Ubuntu pedagogy within educational practices. Themes emerging from the subject literature are: Collective Fingers theory, Ubuntu philosophy, principles of Ubuntu pedagogy. As a transformative approach, Ubuntu pedagogy, when embraced with the understanding and dignity it deserves, has a potential not only for reconnecting students with their indigenous values, heritage and cultures, but it also has a capacity to cultivate Ubuntu social values of solidarity, co-existence, respect and cooperation among students. We recommend Ubuntu pedagogy as a transformative and decolonial approach that promotes inclusion and social justice. The paper provides principles that guide the possible and effective implementation of Ubuntu pedagogy in diverse educational settings and implications for practice. The paper contributes to the ongoing debates on the decolonisation of education and the role of Ubuntu philosophy in the restoration of African values in the South African education system.
Substellar companions and the formation of hot subdwarf stars
Creators: name: Geier, S.
name: Heber, U.
name: Tillich, A.
name: Hirsch, H.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Schaffenroth, V.
name: Classen, L.
name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Oestensen, R. H.
name: Barlow, B. N.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Napiwotzki, R.
name: O'Toole, S. J.
name: Guenther, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief review over the observational evidence for close substellar companions to hot subdwarf stars. The formation of these core helium-burning objects requires huge mass loss of their red giant progenitors. It has been suggested that besides stellar companions substellar objects in close orbits may be able to trigger this mass loss. Such objects can be easily detected around hot subdwarf stars by medium or high resolution spectroscopy with an RV accuracy at the km/s-level. Eclipsing systems of HW Vir type stick out of transit surveys because of their characteristic light curves. The best evidence that substellar objects in close orbits around sdBs exist and that they are able to trigger the required mass loss is provided by the eclipsing system SDSS J0820+0008, which was found in the course of the MUCHFUSS project. Furthermore, several candidate systems have been discovered.
description: 6 pages, Part of PlanetsbeyondMS/2010 proceedings, http://arxiv.org/html/1011.6606v1, Report number corrected
title: Anneau_de_schiste_1
Creators: name: Noé Angelé
name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: schiste
subject: anneau
subject: Anneau de schiste

description: pièce technique de la chaîne opératoire de production d'anneaux
description: 1 fichier 3D (ply), 1 fichier image (jpg), 1 fichier unknown (G:/MODELE/29__Anneau_de_schiste_1__bon/01__Recto), 1 fichier unknown (G:/MODELE/29__Anneau_de_schiste_1__bon/02__Verso)
Enhancing Visual Question Answering with Linguistic Information
Creators: name: Alizadeh, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Visual Question Answering (VQA) concerns providing answers to natural language questions about images. Several deep neural network approaches have been proposed to model the task in an end-to-end fashion. Whereas the task is grounded in visual processing, given a complex free form question the language understanding component becomes crucial. In this work, I hypothesize that if the question focuses on events described by verbs, then the model should be aware of verb semantics, as expressed via semantic role labels, argument types, and/or frame elements. Unfortunately, no VQA dataset exists that includes verb semantic information. My first contribution is a new VQA dataset (imSituVQA) that I built by taking advantage of the imSitu annotations. The imSitu dataset consists of images manually labeled with semantic frame elements, mostly taken from FrameNet. Second, I propose a multi-task CNN-LSTM VQA model that learns to classify the answers as well as the semantic frame elements. The experiments on imSituVQA show that semantic frame element classification helps the VQA system avoid inconsistent responses and improves performance. Semantic role labeling is an alternative solution to approximately annotate any VQA dataset of interest. I employed a PropBank based semantic role labeler to label a subset of the VQA dataset (VQAsub). Then I trained the proposed multi-task CNN-LSTM model with VQAsub. The results show a slight improvement over the single-task CNN-LSTM model.
Multi-standard programmable baseband modulator for next generation wireless communication
Creators: name: Hatai, Indranil
name: Chakrabarti, Indrajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Considerable research has taken place in recent times in the area of parameterization of software defined radio (SDR) architecture. Parameterization decreases the size of the software to be downloaded and also limits the hardware reconfiguration time. The present paper is based on the design and development of a programmable baseband modulator that perform the QPSK modulation schemes and as well as its other three commonly used variants to satisfy the requirement of several established 2G and 3G wireless communication standards. The proposed design has been shown to be capable of operating at a maximum data rate of 77 Mbps on Xilinx Virtex 2-Pro University field programmable gate array (FPGA) board. The pulse shaping root raised cosine (RRC) filter has been implemented using distributed arithmetic (DA) technique in the present work in order to reduce the computational complexity, and to achieve appropriate power reduction and enhanced throughput. The designed multiplier-less programmable 32-tap FIR-based RRC filter has been found to withstand a peak inter-symbol interference (ISI) distortion of -41 dBs
The gene-environment independence assumption in the analysis of case-control data
Creators: name: Luo, Hao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In this thesis, we consider the problem of exploiting the gene-environment independence assumption in a case-control study inferring the joint effect of genotype and environmental exposure on disease risk. We first take a detour and develop the constrained maximum likelihood estimation theory for parameters arising from a partially identified model, where some parameters of the model may only be identified through constraints imposed by additional assumptions. We show that, under certain conditions, the constrained maximum likelihood estimator exists and locally maximizes the likelihood function subject to constraints. Moreover, we study the asymptotic distribution of the estimator and propose a numerical algorithm for estimating parameters. Next, we use the frequentist approach to analyze case-control data under the gene-environment independence assumption. By transforming the problem into a constrained maximum likelihood estimation problem, we are able to derive the asymptotic distribution of the estimator in a closed form. We then show that exploiting the gene-environment independence assumption indeed improves estimation efficiency. Also, we propose an easy-to-implement numerical algorithm for finding estimates in practice. Furthermore, we approach the problem in a Bayesian framework. By introducing a different parameterization of the underlying model for case-control data, we are able to define a prior structure reflecting the gene-environment independence assumption and develop an efficient numerical algorithm for the computation of the posterior distribution. The proposed Bayesian method is further generalized to address the concern about the validity of the gene-environment independence assumption. Finally, we consider a special variant of the standard case-control design, the case-only design, and study the analysis of case-only data under the gene-environment independence assumption and the rare disease assumption. We show that the Bayesian method for analyzing case-control data is readily applicable for the analysis of case-only data, allowing the flexibility of incorporating different prior beliefs on disease prevalence.
title: Amphore_grecque_IAA_80
Creators: name: Alexia Giglio
name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: vase

description: vase
description: 1 fichier 3D (ply), 301 fichiers image (jpg), 93 fichiers image (png)
Geometric entropy and third order phase transition in d=4 N=2 SYM with flavor
Creators: name: Fujita, Mitsutoshi
name: Ohki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the phase structure of $d=4$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ large $N$ SYM theory with flavor on $S^1\times S^3$ by using geometric entropy as an order parameter. We introduce chemical potential conjugate to global U(1) symmetry and find the third order phase transition at finite density by using the geometric entropy as the order parameter. We also find that the geometric entropy at the finite density has an interesting behavior at low temperature and for large $N_f$.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures; minor changes, a reference added
title: ALH.006
Creators: name: Noé Angelé
name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Empire hittite
subject: TESSON

description: TESSON
description: 1 fichier 3D (ply), 72 fichiers image (jpg)
title: vase_recolle_BLM_03_2_2_42_4
Creators: name: Théa Poullain
name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Trajectoires UMR 8215
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2022

description: assemblage de  plusieurs morceaux
Large and strong scale dependent bispectrum in single field inflation from a sharp feature in the mass
Creators: name: Arroja, Frederico
name: Romano, Antonio Enea
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an inflationary model driven by a single minimally coupled standard kinetic term scalar field with a step in its mass modeled by an Heaviside step function. We present an analytical approximation for the mode function of the curvature perturbation, obtain the power spectrum analytically and compare it with the numerical result. We show that, after the scale set by the step, the spectrum contains damped oscillations that are well described by our analytical approximation. We also compute the dominant contribution to the bispectrum in the equilateral and the squeezed limits and find new shapes. In the equilateral and squeezed limits the bispectrum oscillates and it has a linear growth envelope towards smaller scales. The bispectrum size can be large depending on the model parameters.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures; v2: Plots and captions of figs. 7 and 10 corrected
title: Towards a sociology of conspiracy theories: An investigation into conspiratorial thinking on Dönmes
Creators: name: Nefes, Turkay S.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis investigates the social and political significance of conspiracy theories, which has been an academically neglected topic despite its historical relevance. The academic literature focuses on the methodology, social significance and political impacts of these theories in a secluded manner and lacks empirical analyses. In response, this research provides a comprehensive theoretical framework for conspiracy theories by considering their methodology, political impacts and social significance in the light of empirical data. Theoretically, the thesis uses Adorno's semi-erudition theory along with Girardian approach. It proposes that conspiracy theories are methodologically semi-erudite narratives, i.e. they are biased in favour of a belief and use reason only to prove it. It suggests that conspiracy theories appear in times of power vacuum and provide semi-erudite cognitive maps that relieve alienation and ontological insecurities of people and groups. In so doing, they enforce social control over their audience due to their essentialist, closed-to-interpretation narratives. In order to verify the theory, the study analyses empirically the social and political significance of conspiracy theories about the Dönme community in Turkey. The analysis comprises interviews with conspiracy theorists, conspiracy theory readers and political parties, alongside a frame analysis of the popular conspiracy theory books on Dönmes. These confirm the theoretical framework by showing that the conspiracy theories are fed by the ontological insecurities of Turkish society. Hence, conspiracy theorists, most readers and some political parties respond to their own ontological insecurities and political frustrations through scapegoating Dönmes. Consequently, this work shows that conspiracy theories are important symptoms of society, which, while relieving ontological insecurities, do not provide politically prolific narratives.
The Use of Makerspaces for the Development of Computational Thinking Skills and Dispositions
Creators: name: Hadad, Roxana
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A foundation in computer science is integral to a student’s understanding of the world today, yet, few K-12 schools are introducing students to what computer science can do to solve problems. Focusing on computational thinking as the process by which to prioritize computer science integration across subjects, and making as the activity used to engage in this process, is a promising way to introduce students to computing. However, there is little understanding or guidance on what practices instructors should employ in maker activities to support student development of computational thinking skills and dispositions. This dissertation is a case study (Stake, 1995) of a day in a summer makerspace program, in which I examine the interactions of four facilitators with seventeen high school-aged participants through video, audio, screen recordings, participant notebooks, and observer field notes. With this study, I seek to answer the question: Within makerspace activities what evidence exists regarding promising practices that support youth development of CT skills and dispositions? I ground my study in the cognitive apprenticeship conceptual framework, which I use as an analytic frame. Findings expand the limited empirical research investigating computational thinking and makerspaces by informing our understanding of practices instructors can utilize in making activities, namely tinkering, embodiment, walkthroughs, drawing, and debugging. With the facilitator’s use of these practices, in conjunction with the utilization of the cognitive apprenticeship methods, participants’ tinkering became more sophisticated, as did demonstrations of their computational thinking skills and dispositions. I discuss implications for future research in order to develop practical resources for educators.
Operator algebra quantum homogeneous spaces of universal gauge groups
Creators: name: Mahanta, Snigdhayan
name: Mathai, Varghese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46L80, 58B32, 58B34, 46L65

description: In this paper, we quantize universal gauge groups such as SU(\infty), as well as their homogeneous spaces, in the sigma-C*-algebra setting. More precisely, we propose concise definitions of sigma-C*-quantum groups and sigma-C*-quantum homogeneous spaces and explain these concepts here. At the same time, we put these definitions in the mathematical context of countably compactly generated spaces as well as C*-compact quantum groups and homogeneous spaces. We also study the representable K-theory of these spaces and compute it for the quantum homogeneous spaces associated to the universal gauge group SU(\infty).
description: 14 pages. Merged with [arXiv:1011.1073]
Magnetic Resonance Elastography Of Anisotropic Materials Under Pre-Strained Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Leoni, Luca
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive diagnostic imaging technique. Developed recently, it is capable to assess tissues’ viscoelastic properties mechanically stimulating them and exploiting Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) motion-sensitive gradients. MRE is promising for applications on a wide range of organs and tissues, including skeletal muscles. Variations in viscoelastic properties of tissues might be sign of an ongoing pathology in a tissue. In the muscular case, diseases affecting those properties could be spasticity, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and hyperthyroidism. Not only MRE is practical to detect early stages of the specified syndromes, but we hypothesize that it also can be employed for a deep understanding of how active and passive tensions influence apparent muscle viscoelastic features. The present work aims at investigating how passive pre-tension determines alterations of apparent shear stiffness in an Ecoflex™ phantom mimicking skeletal muscle fibrous architecture and transversely isotropic properties at different axial elongation values. Such analysis is performed both experimentally and computationally. Experimental MRE in pre-strained boundary conditions requires the design on SolidWorks and the machining of a MR suitable setup simultaneously capable to axially elongate the cited phantom, and to provide it with mechanical shear excitation. Magnetic Resonance Elastography acquisitions are made with an Agilent 9.4 T imaging system for which the setup is specifically designed. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is implemented on COMSOL Multiphysics, after having built a phantom model in SolidWorks. The FE virtual experiment, by means of a direct problem, simulates the practical trials, imposing progressively larger pre-strain boundary conditions to the phantom model. An analysis of the wave images obtained enables to understand how frequency dependent viscoelastic parameters and axial pre-strain influence propagation of shear waves.
On Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by a Wormhole
Creators: name: Kirillov, A. A.
name: Savelova, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave by a wormhole. It is found that the scattered wave is partially depolarized and has a specific interference picture depending on parameters of the wormhole and the distance to the observer. It is proposed that such features can be important in the direct search of wormholes.
Simulational study of anomalous tracer diffusion in hydrogels
Creators: name: Tabatabaei, Fatemeh
name: Lenz, Olaf
name: Holm, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we analyze different factors that affect the diffusion behavior of small tracer particles (as they are used e.g.in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)) in the polymer network of a hydrogel and perform simulations of various simplified models. We observe, that under certain circumstances the attraction of a tracer particle to the polymer network strands might cause subdiffusive behavior on intermediate time scales. In theory, this behavior could be employed to examine the network structure and swelling behavior of weakly crosslinked hydrogels with the help of FCS.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Summing Up All Genus Free Energy of ABJM Matrix Model
Creators: name: Fuji, Hiroyuki
name: Hirano, Shinji
name: Moriyama, Sanefumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The localization technique allows us to compute the free energy of the U(N)_k x U(N)_{-k} Chern-Simons-matter theory dual to type IIA strings on AdS_4 x CP^3 from weak to strong 't Hooft coupling λ= N / k at finite N, as demonstrated by Drukker, Marino, and Putrov. In this note we study further the free energy at large 't Hooft coupling with the aim of testing AdS/CFT at the quantum gravity level and, in particular, sum up all the 1/N corrections, apart from the worldsheet instanton contributions. The all genus partition function takes a remarkably simple form -- the Airy function, Ai (k^{4/3} λ_r), with the renormalized 't Hooft coupling λ_r.
description: 18 pages, no figures, v2: typos corrected and references added
A fourth generation, anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry and the LHC
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Ghosh, Dilip Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fourth chiral generation, with $m_{t^\prime}$ in the range $\sim (300 - 500)$ GeV and a moderate value of the CP-violating phase can explain the anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry observed recently by the D0 collaboration. The required parameters are found to be consistent with constraints from other $B$ and $K$ decays. The presence of such quarks, apart from being detectable in the early stages of the LHC, would also have important consequences in the electroweak symmetry breaking sector.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, Figure 1 is modified, more discussions are added in section 2. new references added
A predictive phenomenological tool at small Bjorken-x
Creators: name: Milhano, Jose Guilherme
name: Albacete, Javier L.
name: Armesto, Nestor
name: Quiroga-Arias, Paloma
name: Salgado, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from global fits of inclusive DIS experimental data using the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with running coupling.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, prepared for the Proceedings of 'Hot Quarks 2010'
SN 2010jl in UGC 5189: Yet another luminous type IIn supernova in a metal-poor galaxy
Creators: name: Stoll, R.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Pogge, R. W.
name: Szczygiel, D. M.
name: Pojmanski, G.
name: Antognini, J.
name: Yan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ASAS data starting 25 days before the discovery of the recent type IIn SN 2010jl, and we compare its light curve to other luminous IIn SNe, showing that it is a luminous (M_I ~ -20.5) event. Its host galaxy, UGC 5189, has a low gas-phase oxygen abundance (12 + log(O/H) = 8.2), which reinforces the emerging trend that over-luminous core-collapse supernovae are found in the low-metallicity tail of the galaxy distribution, similar to the known trend for the hosts of long GRBs. We compile oxygen abundances from the literature and from our own observations of UGC 5189, and we present an unpublished spectrum of the luminous type Ic SN 2010gx that we use to estimate its host metallicity. We discuss these in the context of host metallicity trends for different classes of core-collapse objects. The earliest generations of stars are known to be enhanced in [O/Fe] relative to the Solar mixture; it is therefore likely that the stellar progenitors of these overluminous supernovae are even more iron-poor than they are oxygen-poor. A number of mechanisms and massive star progenitor systems have been proposed to explain the most luminous core-collapse supernovae; any successful theory will need to include the emerging trend that points towards low-metallicity for the massive progenitor stars. This trend for very luminous supernovae to strongly prefer low-metallicity galaxies should be taken into account when considering various aspects of the evolution of the metal-poor early universe. (abridged)
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Driving Missing Data at Next-to-Leading Order
Creators: name: Bern, Z.
name: Diana, G.
name: Dixon, L. J.
name: Cordero, F. Febres
name: Hoeche, S.
name: Ita, H.
name: Kosower, D. A.
name: Maitre, D.
name: Ozeren, K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prediction of backgrounds to new physics signals in topologies with large missing transverse energy and jets is important to new physics searches at the LHC. Following a CMS study, we investigate theoretical issues in using measurements of gamma + 2-jet production to predict the irreducible background to searches for missing energy plus two jets that originates from Z + 2-jet production where the Z boson decays to neutrinos. We compute ratios of gamma + 2-jet to Z + 2-jet production cross sections and kinematic distributions at next-to-leading order in alpha_s, as well as using a parton shower matched to leading-order matrix elements. We find that the ratios obtained in the two approximations are quite similar, making gamma + 2-jet production a theoretically reliable estimator for the missing energy plus two jets background. We employ a Frixione-style photon isolation, but we also show that for isolated prompt photon production at high transverse momentum the difference between this criterion and the standard cone isolation used by CMS is small.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, RevTex, v2 minor corrections and added references
Quarkonium in a weakly-coupled quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Vairo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report about a recent calculation of the heavy quarkonium mass and decay width in a quark-gluon plasma, whose temperature T and screening mass m_D satisfy the hierarchy m alpha_s >> pi T >> m alpha_s^2 >> m_D, m being the heavy-quark mass, up to order m alpha_s^5. The calculation may be relevant to understand the behavior of the Y(1S) in a quark-gluon plasma at present-day colliders.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures; contribution to QCD@Work 2010, Martina Franca, June 20-23, 2010
Selfinjective quivers with potential and 2-representation-finite algebras
Creators: name: Herschend, Martin
name: Iyama, Osamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study quivers with potential (QPs) whose Jacobian algebras are finite dimensional selfinjective. They are an analogue of the `good QPs' studied by Bocklandt whose Jacobian algebras are 3-Calabi-Yau. We show that 2-representation-finite algebras are truncated Jacobian algebras of selfinjective QPs, which are factor algebras of Jacobian algebras by certain sets of arrows called cuts. We show that selfinjectivity of QPs is preserved under successive mutation with respect to orbits of the Nakayama permutation. We give a sufficient condition for all truncated Jacobian algebras of a fixed QP to be derived equivalent. We introduce planar QPs which provide us with a rich source of selfinjective QPs.
description: 31 pages
A Comparison of Outcomes Between Tandem Mechanics and Guided Eruption Therapy
Creators: name: Seelig, Michael John
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Introduction: Crowding is a common diagnosis in mixed dentition orthodontic patients. There are a limited number of early treatment options for these patients. One option includes the guided eruption (GE) extraction sequence in which the orthodontist prescribes a sequence of extractions of primary and permanent teeth in order to alleviate crowding. Another treatment option is Tandem Mechanics (TM). This technique involves the pairing of cervical headgear with a lower arch wire and intermaxillary elastics to expand the arches and distalize the terminal teeth in order to create space. Hypothesis/Objective: To determine the biomechanical effects on patients treated with both modalities through cephalometric analysis and compare them to each other. Methods: Initial and post treatment cephalometric radiographs were collected for 42 patients treated with TM and 30 with GE. The sample was divided into subgroups by anteroposterior and vertical growth patterns. The treatment effects for the overall sample and subgroups were evaluated using single sample t-tests. The treatment results of the overall sample and subgroups were determined by comparing the overall mean effects of both modalities to one another using independent samples t-Tests. Results: TM caused maxillary growth restriction, increased vertical skeletal height, tipped the palatal plane clockwise, distalized upper molars and reduced lip procumbency. GE reduced vertical skeletal dimensions, retroclined incisors, protracted molars, and increased facial convexity. Both reduced upper lip procumbence, tipped lower molars distally, retroclined lower incisors, and reduced soft tissue convexity according to the Z-angle. GE had a significantly longer average treatment time. These same patterns were noted across all subgroups. Conclusions: TM demonstrates better efficacy in treating class II skeletal tendencies and lip protrusion despite having less effect on upper incisor angulation. GE demonstrates superior control in the vertical dimension and significantly retroclines all incisors.
Symplectic integrators in the shearing sheet
Creators: name: Rein, Hanno
name: Tremaine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The shearing sheet is a model dynamical system that is used to study the small-scale dynamics of astrophysical disks. Numerical simulations of particle trajectories in the shearing sheet usually employ the leapfrog integrator, but this integrator performs poorly because of velocity-dependent (Coriolis) forces. We describe two new integrators for this purpose; both are symplectic, time-reversible and second-order accurate, and can easily be generalized to higher orders. Moreover, both integrators are exact when there are no small-scale forces such as mutual gravitational forces between disk particles. In numerical experiments these integrators have errors that are often several orders of magnitude smaller than competing methods. The first of our new integrators (SEI) is well-suited for disks in which the typical inter-particle separation is large compared to the particles' Hill radii (e.g., planetary rings), and the second (SEKI) is designed for disks in which the particles are on bound orbits or the separation is smaller than the Hill radius (e.g., irregular satellites of the giant planets).
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, v2: discussion/tests for symmetrized and modified leapfrog integrators added
Visual control of hovering in Anna's hummingbirds
Creators: name: Goller, Benjamin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Relatively little is known about how sensory information is used for controlling flight in birds. A powerful method is to immerse an animal in a dynamic virtual reality environment to examine behavioral responses. The research comprising this dissertation investigated the role of vision during free flight hovering in hummingbirds to determine how optic flow –image movement across the retina– is used to control body position. We filmed hummingbirds hovering in front of a projection screen with the prediction that stationary patterns would allow a hummingbird to maintain stable body position, but moving patterns would change hovering stability. When hovering in the presence of moving gratings and spirals, hummingbirds lost positional stability and responded in the direction of the stimulus motion. There was no loss of stability with stationary patterns (Chapter 1). How sensitive are hummingbirds to visual motion? We predicted that small changes in the direction of a looming motion would result in matched changes in backward flight response of hummingbirds. Providing stationary visual patterns in combination with looming spirals was predicted to rescue hovering stability. Our results suggest that hummingbirds are not only sensitive to small changes in motion direction, but also sensitive to any visual motion of the background, even when large stationary features are present (Chapter 2). The sensitivity of hovering hummingbirds to visual motion suggested that other senses might be involved to stabilize flight. When docked with a feeder, hummingbirds gain a stable physical reference through bill contact. We predicted that tactile feedback during docked feeding would provide the necessary stationary reference to help hummingbirds override their sensitivity to visual motion. We built an instrumented feeder that measured how much a docked hummingbird pushed laterally and vertically. Hummingbirds were not very precise during docked hovering and pushed against the feeder in an attempt to stabilize left, right, and downward visual motions. Upward motion was not matched by pushing against the feeder (Chapter 3). Collectively, these experiments demonstrate that hummingbirds control hovering position by stabilizing motions in their visual field both when hovering in space and when docked with their bill inserted into a flower.
Chiral Magnetic Effect from Q-balls
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Hashimoto, Koji
name: Iida, Hideaki
name: Miwa, Akitsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a generic framework of linear sigma models for revealing a mechanism of the mysterious phenomenon, the chiral magnetic effect, in quark-gluon plasma. An electric current arises along a background magnetic field, which is given rise to by Q-balls (non-topological solitons) of the linear sigma model with axial anomaly. We find additional alternating current due to quark mass terms. The hadronic Q-balls, baby boson stars, may be created in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, revtex; v2: minor revision
Towards a new generation of multi-dimensional stellar evolution models: development of an implicit hydrodynamic code
Creators: name: Viallet, M.
name: Baraffe, I.
name: Walder, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the first steps of development of a new multidimensional time implicit code devoted to the study of hydrodynamical processes in stellar interiors. The code solves the hydrodynamical equations in spherical geometry and is based on the finite volume method. Radiation transport is taken into account within the diffusion approximation. Realistic equation of state and opacities are implemented, allowing the study of a wide range of problems characteristic of stellar interiors. We describe in details the numerical method and various standard tests performed to validate the method. We present preliminary results devoted to the description of stellar convection. We first perform a local simulation of convection in the surface layers of a A-type star model. This simulation is used to test the ability of the code to address stellar conditions and to validate our results, since they can be compared to similar previous simulations based on explicit codes. We then present a global simulation of turbulent convective motions in a cold giant envelope, covering 80% in radius of the stellar structure. Although our implicit scheme is unconditionally stable, we show that in practice there is a limitation on the time step which prevent the flow to move over several cells during a time step. Nevertheless, in the cold giant model we reach a hydro CFL number of 100. We also show that we are able to address flows with a wide range of Mach numbers (10^-3 < Ms< 0.5), which is impossible with an anelastic approach. Our first developments are meant to demonstrate that the use of an implicit scheme applied to a stellar evolution context is perfectly thinkable and to provide useful guidelines to optimise the development of an implicit multi-D hydrodynamical code.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Simple rules govern finite-size effects in scale-free networks
Creators: name: Cuenda, Sara
name: Crespo, Juan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give an intuitive though general explanation of the finite-size effect in scale-free networks in terms of the degree distribution of the starting network. This result clarifies the relevance of the starting network in the final degree distribution. We use two different approaches: the deterministic mean-field approximation used by Barabási and Albert (but taking into account the nodes of the starting network), and the probability distribution of the degree of each node, which considers the stochastic process. Numerical simulations show that the accuracy of the predictions of the mean-field approximation depend on the contribution of the dispersion in the final distribution. The results in terms of the probability distribution of the degree of each node are very accurate when compared to numerical simulations. The analysis of the standard deviation of the degree distribution allows us to assess the influence of the starting core when fitting the model to real data.
description: Published in Europhysics Letters