cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
“Girls Who Kick Butt”: A Cognitive Interpretation of Tamora Pierce’s Adolescent Feminist Fantasy
Creators: name: Day, Kathryn Dawn
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: children's literature
cognitive narratology
feminist literary theory
fantasy fiction
adolescent feminist fantasy fiction
Tamora Pierce
empathy
cognitive empathy
mind-modeling
moral empathy
empathic concern
gender
schema
scripts
potential reader

description: Recent empirical evidence supports the theoretical stance that fiction provides vicarious experiences of imagined spaces and situations that can help shape our perceptions of the real world, our social others, and the self. The implications for this are especially interesting for adolescents, as their brains undergo a restructuring during puberty, making them more responsive to change in executive function and social cognition. Few scholars have yet addressed how texts instruct young readers in how to use their developing cognition to assess characters’ emotions and behavior, and how fiction can potentially affect these readers’ cognitive and emotional development. This thesis analyzes the concept that potential adolescent readers can engage with a novel’s characters’ thoughts and behaviors by using their improving cognitive abilities to transmute what is on the page into real-life coping strategies. This phenomenon is especially compelling when considering the potential impact empowered female characters could have on adolescent girl readers, since their malleable brain around puberty makes them more receptive to accepting ideas—such as a person’s gender not being a limitation. I examine what the primary texts themselves offer to potential readers, and analyze certain aspects of the texts that could be linked to potential readers’ cognitive and affective engagement. The primary texts I have chosen are Tamora Pierce’s two narrative quartets (The Song of the Lioness and Protector of the Small) that deal with characters from the fictional land of Tortall, as they focus closely on female characters in fantasy realms who are breaking gendered stereotypes by training to become knights. Pierce’s books are representative of this adolescent feminist fantasy. I extrapolate that findings from this thesis will be applicable to other kinds of adolescent feminist fantasy texts; namely, that adolescent feminist fantasy fiction can beneficially change potential readers behavior and cognition.
Spectrophotometric evolution of spiral galaxies with truncated star formation: An evolutionary link between spirals and S0s in distant clusters
Creators: name: Shioya, Yasuhiro
name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Couch, Warrick J.
name: De Propris, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-zone chemo-spectro-photometric model is used to investigate the time evolution of disk galaxies whose star formation is truncated, and to determine the dependence of this evolution on the previous star formation history and the truncation epoch. Truncated spirals show red colors $\sim 1$ Gyr after truncation, and evolve spectrally from an e(b) type, down through the e(a), a+k, and k+a classes, to finally become a k type. The exact behavior in this phase depends on the truncation epoch and the star formation history prior to truncation. For example, earlier type disks show redder colors and do not show a+k-type spectra after truncation of star formation. We also discuss a possible evolutionary link between the k-type galaxies with spiral morphology found in distant clusters, and present-day S0s, by investigating whether truncated spirals reproduce the infrared color-magnitude relation of Coma galaxies. We suggest that only less luminous, later-type disk galaxies whose star formation is truncated at intermediate and high redshifts can reproduce the red $I-K$ colors observed for S0s in the Coma cluster.
description: 43 pages 19 figures, 2002, ApJ 565, 223
The use of human pluripotent stem cells to model HNF1B-associated diabetes
Creators: name: Ranna El Khairi, Ranna
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: HNF1B
monogenic diabetes
stem cells
pancreas development

description: Heterozygous mutations in the transcription factor, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1B (HNF1B), result in multisystem disease including diabetes due to beta-cell dysfunction and pancreatic hypoplasia. However, the mechanisms that underlie development of diabetes in HNF1B mutation carriers are still not fully understood due to lack of an appropriate model system. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which are capable of self-renewal and can differentiate into any cell type, provide an advantageous alternative to model human developmental diseases. The aim of this project was to develop a hiPSC based model system to determine the molecular mechanisms by which HNF1B mutations cause pancreatic hypoplasia and diabetes. HNF1B mutant hiPSC lines were produced using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing. Isogenic HNF1B wild-type, homozygous and heterozygous mutant hiPSC lines were directed to differentiate along the pancreatic lineage and cells were phenotyped at each stage of the differentiation process to check for appropriate expression of lineage markers. The normal expression pattern of HNF1B in human pancreas development was analysed and showed up-regulation of HNF1B at the foregut stage, and during pancreas specification. Homozygous knockout of HNF1B resulted in failure of foregut and pancreatic progenitor development, while heterozygous knockout of HNF1B resulted in impairment of pancreatic progenitor and endocrine cell differentiation as well as impaired insulin secretion upon glucose stimulation. Cell proliferation analyses showed a significant decrease in the proliferation rate in HNF1B heterozygous and homozygous mutant cells compared with wild-type cells at the foregut stage while no change in the apoptosis rate could be detected. RNA-sequencing and ATAC-sequencing, were used to further define the molecular mechanisms controlled by HNF1B and the effect HNF1B on modulation of chromatin accessibility during pancreas development. These results provide further insights into the molecular mechanisms by which HNF1B regulates human pancreas development and function, revealing that HNF1B haploinsufficiency impairs the expansion and maintenance of pancreatic progenitor cells in vitro. In vivo, this would likely result in reduced beta cell numbers at birth and diabetes later in life in patients with HNF1B-associated disease. These mechanisms suggest that the capacity to produce pancreatic progenitor cells during embryonic life could determine individual susceptibility to diabetes.
description: Wellcome Trust PhD Programme for Clinicians
A Simple Explanation for the Observed Power Law Distribution of Line Intensity in Complex Many-Electron Atoms
Creators: name: Fujii, Keisuke
name: Berengut, Julian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been observed that the number of weak lines from many-electron atoms follows a power law distribution of intensity. While computer simulations have reproduced this dependence, its origin has not yet been clarified. Here we report that the combination of two statistical models -- an exponential increase in the level density of many-electron atoms and local thermal equilibrium of the excited state population -- produces a surprisingly simple analytical explanation for this power law dependence. We find that the exponent of the power law is proportional to the electron temperature. This dependence may provide a useful diagnostic tool to extract the temperature of plasmas of complex atoms without the need to assign lines.
Speckle visibility spectroscopy and variable granular fluidization
Creators: name: Dixon, P. K.
name: Durian, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a dynamic light scattering technique capable of resolving motion that changes systematically, and rapidly, with time. It is based on the visibility of a speckle pattern for a given exposure duration. Applying this to a vibrated layer of glass beads, we measure the granular temperature and its variation with phase in the oscillation cycle. We observe several transitions involving jammed states, where the grains are at rest during some portion of the cycle. We also observe a two-step decay of the temperature on approach to jamming.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, experiment
FITRATNING "OILA" ASARI ORQALI TALABALARGA AXLOQIY QADRIYATLARNI O'RGATISHNING METODIK JIHATLARI
Creators: name: Ismoilova, Marhabo Hamitovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: maqolada muhim ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib borayotgan zamonaviy pedagogik ta’limda Fitratning “Oila” asari orqali talabalarga axloqiy qadriyatlarni o‘rgatishning metodik jihatlariga e’tibor qaratilgan. Pedagogikaning tarmoq fanlarida axloqiy qadriyatlarga keng e’tibor qaratiladi. Xulosa qismida Fitratning “Oila” asari orqali talabalarga axloqiy qadriyatlarni o‘rgatishning metodik jihatlarini takomillashtirish bo’yicha tavsiyalar berilgan.
Spectrum of k-string tensions in SU(N) gauge theories
Creators: name: Del Debbio, L.
name: Panagopoulos, H.
name: Rossi, P.
name: Vicari, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute, for the four-dimensional SU(4) and SU(6) gauge theories formulated on a lattice, the string tensions sigma_k related to sources with Z_N charge k, using Monte Carlo simulations. Our results are compatible with sigma_k \propto sin (k pi/N), and show sizeable deviations from Casimir scaling.
description: Lattice2001(confinement)
202104_Revision_EC_Tromer_et_al_Repurposing of Synaptonemal Complex Proteins for Kinetochores in Kinetoplastida_Electronic Supplementary Material.docx from Repurposing of synaptonemal complex proteins for kinetochores in kinetoplastida
Creators: name: Tromer, Eelco C.
name: Wemyss, Thomas A.
name: Ludzia, Patryk
name: Waller, Ross F.
name: Akiyoshi, Bungo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Chromosome segregation in eukaryotes is driven by the kinetochore, a macromolecular complex that connects centromeric DNA to microtubules of the spindle apparatus. Kinetochores in well-studied model eukaryotes consist of a core set of proteins that are broadly conserved among distant eukaryotic phyla. By contrast, unicellular flagellates of the class Kinetoplastida have a unique set of 36 kinetochore components. The evolutionary origin and the history of these kinetochores remain unknown. Here, we report evidence of homology between axial element components of the synaptonemal complex and three kinetoplastid kinetochore proteins KKT16-18. The synaptonemal complex is a zipper-like structure that assembles between homologous chromosomes during meiosis to promote recombination. By using sensitive homology detection protocols, we identify divergent orthologues of KKT16-18 in most eukaryotic supergroups, including experimentally established chromosomal axis components, such as Red1 and Rec10 in budding and fission yeast, ASY3-4 in plants and SYCP2-3 in vertebrates. Furthermore, we found 12 recurrent duplications within this ancient eukaryotic SYCP2–3 gene family, providing opportunities for new functional complexes to arise, including KKT16-18 in the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei. We propose the kinetoplastid kinetochore system evolved by repurposing meiotic components of the chromosome synapsis and homologous recombination machinery that were already present in early eukaryotes.
Passive scalar anisotropy in a heated turbulent wake: new observations and implications for LES
Creators: name: Kang, Hyung Suk
name: Meneveau, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of passive scalar anisotropy on subgrid-scale (SGS) physics and modeling for Large-Eddy Simulations are studied experimentally. Measurements are performed across a moderate Reynolds number wake flow generated by a heated cylinder, using an array of four X-wire and four cold-wire probes. By varying the separation distance among probes in the array, we obtain filtered and subgrid quantities at three different filter sizes. We compute several terms that comprise the subgrid dissipation tensor of kinetic energy and scalar-variance and test for isotropic behavior, as a function of filter scale. We find that whereas the kinetic energy dissipation tensor tends towards isotropy at small scales, the SGS scalar-variance dissipation remains anisotropic independent of filter scale. The eddy-diffusion model predicts isotropic behavior, whereas the nonlinear (or tensor eddy diffusivity) model reproduces the correct trends, but overestimates the level of scalar dissipation anisotropy. These results provide some support for so-called mixed models but raise new questions about the causes of the observed anisotropy.
description: accepted by JFM Fast-track, 10 pages
Epigenetics and Autism.docx
Creators: name: Houssaini, Ghita El
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60404 Epigenetics (incl. Genome Methylation and Epigenomics)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper defines autism spectrum disorder and epigenetic in a way that people with no or few background related to psychological or medical field can understand the two concepts and the relation between them without difficulties.
Preserving the Lepton Asymmetry in the Brane World
Creators: name: Demir, D. A.
name: Gherghetta, Tony
name: Olive, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In models where the Standard Model spectrum is localized on a brane embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime, we discuss the lepton number violation induced by the emission of right-handed neutrinos from the brane. We show that quite generically the presence of the right-handed neutrinos in the bulk leads to rapid lepton number violating processes which above the electroweak scale would wash away any prior lepton or baryon asymmetry. In order to preserve the lepton asymmetry, the brane-bulk couplings for at least one lepton flavor must be extremely suppressed. We show that this has a natural interpretation in the brane world.
description: 13 pages, latex, 2 eps figure clarifications and reference added
Magnetic fields and stellar oscillations
Creators: name: Loi, Shyeh Tjing
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: astrophysics
fluid dynamics
magnetohydrodynamics
stars
magnetic fields
stellar oscillations
asteroseismology
gravity waves
internal waves
stellar interiors

description: Stars are fluid bodies in which pressure, buoyancy, rotation and magnetism provide the restoring forces for wave propagation. Constructive interference of these waves generates global modes of oscillation. With sufficiently precise photometry, stellar oscillations can be detected through the periodic variations they induce in a star's brightness. Understanding the connection between the internal structure of a star and the properties of its normal modes is the focus of stellar oscillation theory, which generally regards rotation and magnetism to be weak perturbations compared to pressure and buoyancy. The discovery several years ago that a sizable fraction of red giant stars exhibit abnormally low dipole mode amplitudes relative to the rest of the population (the "dipole dichotomy'' problem), suggesting the existence of a damping process localised to the deep interior, has presented a puzzle for theoreticians as it is not predicted in the standard framework. The restriction of this phenomenon to those stars with masses high enough to previously have hosted core dynamos points to the possible role of a hidden, relic magnetic field. It is the goal of the work presented herein to explore the nature of the interactions between waves in deep stellar interiors (in particular, gravity waves) and magnetic fields of dynamically significant strengths, that it might enable a better understanding of global mode properties and the ability to reconcile with observations. The loss of spherical symmetry associated with the inclusion of magnetic fields renders it a mathematically complex problem to tackle, to which end we have invoked various complementary techniques: analytical treatment, numerical simulations and Hamiltonian ray tracing. We find that interactions between gravity waves and a magnetic field rely on a resonance criterion, and are always possible in some part of phase space, regardless of the field strength and the plasma $\beta$. Under these circumstances, waves may either become trapped within the field region and thereafter dissipated, or reflected in a near-specular fashion, the outcome depending on the relative orientations of the magnetic field lines, the wavevector, and the direction of stratification. Estimates of the damping rates associated with the trapping process, for realistic field configurations and field strengths of megagauss order, are consistent with those inferred from red giant observations, providing a promising resolution to the dipole dichotomy problem. The results in this thesis pave the way for an extension of the theory of stellar oscillations that incorporates the effects of dynamically significant magnetic fields.
Energiewende für die Industrie (Technology Talk)
Creators: name: Dell, Gerhard
name: NEFI New Energy for Industry
Publisher: name: NEFI New Energy for Industry
Year: 2025
Subjects: NEFI
Innovationsnetzwerk
Energie
Industrie
New Energy for Industry
Klima- und Energiefonds
Vorzeigeregion
CCUS
Carbon Capture and Storage
Industrielle Energiewende
Dekarbonisierung der Industrie

description: Zur Erreichung der Klimaneutralität braucht es unterschiedliche Maßnahmen. In manchen Industrieprozessen können die Treibhausgas Emissionen nicht vollständig vermieden werden. Dort besteht aber die grundsätzliche Möglichkeit, nicht-reduzierbare CO2-Emissionen abzuscheiden, zu transportieren, geologisch zu speichern oder so weiter zu nutzen, dass sie permanent gebunden sind.

Die im Juni 2024 beschlossene österreichische Carbon Management Strategie (CMS) sieht als Empfehlung die Zulassung der geologischen Speicherung von schwer beziehungsweise nicht vermeidbaren CO2-Emissionen in "hard-to-abate"-Sektoren unter strengen Sicherheits- und Umweltauflagen vor. Es stellen sich Fragen der organisatorischen, technologischen und wirtschaftlichen Umsetzbarkeit sowie der Ausgestaltung der gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen.

Der NEFI Technology Talk des OÖ Energiesparverbandes präsentierte und diskutierte am 3. April 2025 wichtige technische, ökonomische und rechtliche Aspekte zum Thema CCUS sowie unterschiedliche Sichtweisen rund um die Infrastruktur, Nutzung und allfällige Verspeicherung von schwer oder nicht vermeidbaren CO2-Emissionen.

NEFI+ ist die österreichische Innovations-Plattform zur Transformation der Industrie in Richtung Klimaneutralität. Die NEFI Technology Talks sind eine Veranstaltungsreihe, die sich aktuellen technischen und systemischen Fragestellungen rund um die industrielle Energiewende widmet.
Anomalous Transition Magnetic Moments in two-dimensional Dirac Materials
Creators: name: Sengupta, Sanghita
name: Furis, Madalina I.
name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
name: Kotov, Valeri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the magnetic response of atomically thin materials with Dirac spectrum and spin-orbit interactions can exhibit strong dependence on electron-electron interactions. While graphene itself has a very small spin-orbit coupling, various two-dimensional (2D) compounds "beyond graphene" are good candidates to exhibit the strong interplay between spin-orbit and Coulomb interactions. Materials in this class include dichalcogenides (such as MoS$_2$ and WSe$_2$), silicene, germanene, as well as 2D topological insulators described by the Kane-Mele model. We present a unified theory for their in-plane magnetic field response leading to "anomalous", i.e. electron interaction dependent transition moments. Our predictions can be potentially used to construct unique magnetic probes with high sensitivity to electron correlations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Production function estimation in Stata using the Olley and Pakes method
Creators: name: Yasar, Mahmut
name: Raciborski, Rafal
name: Poi, Brian P.
name: Yasar, Mahmut
name: Raciborski, Rafal
name: Poi, Brian P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: opreg
subject: levpet
subject: production function
subject: bias
subject: simultaneity

description: Productivity is often computed by approximating the weighted sum of the inputs from the estimation of the Cobb–Douglas production function. Such estimates, however, may suffer from simultaneity and selection biases. Olley and Pakes (1996, Econometrica 64: 1263–1297) introduced a semiparametric method that allows us to estimate the production function parameters consistently and thus obtain reliable productivity measures by controlling for such biases. This study first reviews this method and then introduces a Stata command to implement it. We show that when simultaneity and selection biases are not controlled for, the coefficients for the variable inputs are biased upward and the coefficients for the fixed inputs are biased downward.
The Interior of a Unitarily Evaporating Black Hole
Creators: name: Nomura, Yasunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study microscopic operators describing the experience of an observer falling into the horizon of a unitarily evaporating black hole. For a young black hole, these operators can be taken to act only on the degrees of freedom in the black hole region: the soft---or stretched horizon---modes as well as the semiclassical modes in the zone region. On the other hand, for an old black hole, the operators must also involve radiation emitted earlier; the difference between the two cases comes from statistics associated with the coarse-graining performed to obtain the effective theory of the interior. We find that the operators relevant for the interior theory can be defined globally as standard linear operators throughout the microstates, which obey the correct algebra up to corrections exponentially suppressed in the ratio of excitation energy to the Hawking temperature. We conjecture that the existence of such global operators is required for the emergence of the semiclassical picture. We also elucidate relation between the present construction and entanglement wedge reconstruction of the interior.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure; v4: significantly expanded---revised analysis of a large AdS black hole, added discussions on the role of the energy criterion and relation to other work; v5: clarified discussion on relation to entanglement wedge reconstruction and islands, matches published version
CMB Observations: improvements of the performance of correlation radiometers by signal modulation and synchronous detection
Creators: name: Spiga, Daniele
name: Battistelli, Elia
name: Boella, Giuliano
name: Gervasi, Massimo
name: Zannoni, Mario
name: Sironi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of the fine structures (anisotropies, polarization, spectral distortions) of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is hampered by instabilities, 1/f noise and asymmetries of the radiometers used to carry on the measurements. Addition of modulation and synchronous detection allows to increase the overall stability and the noise rejection of the radiometers used for CMB studies. In this paper we discuss the advantages this technique has when we try to detect CMB polarization. The behaviour of a two channel correlation receiver to which phase modulation and synchronous detection have been added is examined. Practical formulae for evaluating the improvements are presented.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, New Astronomy accepted
Decapitating the Duck: The (non)association of PSR B1757-24 and supernova remnant G5.4-1.2
Creators: name: Thorsett, S. E.
name: Brisken, W. F.
name: Goss, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have made the first direct interferometric proper motion measurements of the radio pulsar B1757-24, which sits at the tip of the "beak" of the putative "Duck" supernova remnant. The peculiar morphology of this radio complex has been used to argue alternately that the pulsar's space motion was either surprisingly high or surprisingly low. In fact, we show that the pulsar's motion is so small that it and its associated nonthermal nebula G5.27-0.9 (the "head") are almost certainly unrelated to the much larger G5.4-1.2 (the "wings").
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in ApJL
TopoTag: A Robust and Scalable Topological Fiducial Marker System
Creators: name: Yu, Guoxing
name: Hu, Yongtao
name: Dai, Jingwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fiducial markers have been playing an important role in augmented reality (AR), robot navigation, and general applications where the relative pose between a camera and an object is required. Here we introduce TopoTag, a robust and scalable topological fiducial marker system, which supports reliable and accurate pose estimation from a single image. TopoTag uses topological and geometrical information in marker detection to achieve higher robustness. Topological information is extensively used for 2D marker detection, and further corresponding geometrical information for ID decoding. Robust 3D pose estimation is achieved by taking advantage of all TopoTag vertices. Without sacrificing bits for higher recall and precision like previous systems, TopoTag can use full bits for ID encoding. TopoTag supports tens of thousands unique IDs and easily extends to millions of unique tags resulting in massive scalability. We collected a large test dataset including in total 169,713 images for evaluation, involving in-plane and out-of-plane rotation, image blur, different distances and various backgrounds, etc. Experiments on the dataset and real indoor and outdoor scene tests with a rolling shutter camera both show that TopoTag significantly outperforms previous fiducial marker systems in terms of various metrics, including detection accuracy, vertex jitter, pose jitter and accuracy, etc. In addition, TopoTag supports occlusion as long as the main tag topological structure is maintained and allows for flexible shape design where users can customize internal and external marker shapes. Code for our marker design/generation, marker detection, and dataset are available at http://herohuyongtao.github.io/research/publications/topo-tag/.
description: Accepted to TVCG
Nonlinear Stress Fluctuation Dynamics of Sheared Disordered Wet Foam
Creators: name: Pratt, Ethan
name: Dennin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sheared wet foam, which stores elastic energy in bubble deformations, relaxes stress through bubble rearrangements. The intermittency of bubble rearrangements in foam leads to effectively stochastic drops in stress that are followed by periods of elastic increase. We investigate global characteristics of highly disordered foams over three decades of strain rate and almost two decades of system size. We characterize the behavior using a range of measures: average stress, distribution of stress drops, rate of stress drops, and a normalized fluctuation intensity. There is essentially no dependence on system size. As a function of strain rate, there is a change in behavior around shear rates of $0.07 {\rm s^{-1}}$.
description: accepted to Physical Review E
Historical Trends Toward Optimal Soybean Profitability - The Arkansas Soybean Research Verification Program
Creators: name: Stark, C. Robert
name: Ross, Jeremy
name: Grimes, Chris
name: Stark, C. Robert
name: Ross, Jeremy
name: Grimes, Chris
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: soybean
subject: verification program
subject: profitability

description: Optimal profitability is an ongoing goal of the soybean industry. Following state extension management recommendations can move producers closer to this goal. Soybean Research Verification Programs provide economic and agronomic data to validate recommendations. Key economic variable changes are quantified and improvement value gained through Arkansas SRVP participation is estimated.
Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in Best Management Practices in Kentucky
Creators: name: Zhong, Hua
name: Hu, Wuyang
name: Zhong, Hua
name: Hu, Wuyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: best management practices
subject: conservation programs
subject: contingent valuation method
subject: water quality trading

description: This article investigates farmers’ willingness to participate in the best management practices (BMPs) through a proposed Water Quality Trading (WQT) program in Kentucky. This analysis includes two parts; the first part is to investigate the factors influencing farmers’ current usage of BMPs; the second part is to estimate farmers’ willingness to implement BMPs given different levels of compensation proposed through a survey. The results show that farmers who participate in conservation programs from the USDA are more likely to use BMPs, but these farmers may not accept the offer to implement additional BMPs. Farmers’ perceptions about BMPs are more likely to convince them to adopt additional BMPs than the amount of compensation/cost-share offered through WQT. The results also find that the probabilities of fencing off animals and building up waste storage facility are positively correlated with the levels of compensation.
description: Copyright 2014 by Hua Zhong and Wuyang Hu. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non‐commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies.
A link between symmetries of critical states and the structure of SLOCC classes in multipartite systems
Creators: name: Słowik, Oskar
name: Hebenstreit, Martin
name: Kraus, Barbara
name: Sawicki, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Central in entanglement theory is the characterization of local transformations among pure multipartite states. As a first step towards such a characterization, one needs to identify those states which can be transformed into each other via local operations with a non-vanishing probability. The classes obtained in this way are called SLOCC classes. They can be categorized into three disjoint types: the null-cone, the polystable states and strictly semistable states. Whereas the former two are well characterized, not much is known about strictly semistable states. We derive a criterion for the existence of the latter. In particular, we show that there exists a strictly semistable state if and only if there exist two polystable states whose orbits have different dimensions. We illustrate the usefulness of this criterion by applying it to tripartite states where one of the systems is a qubit. Moreover, we scrutinize all SLOCC classes of these systems and derive a complete characterization of the corresponding orbit types. We present representatives of strictly semistable classes and show to which polystable state they converge via local regular operators.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures; corrected typos, references added, minor additions and reformulations
Lattice QCD at finite T and μand the critical point of QCD
Creators: name: Fodor, Z.
name: Katz, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to study lattice QCD at finite T and μ. We compare it with direct results and with the Glasgow method by using n_f=4 QCD at Im(μ)\neq 0. We locate the critical endpoint (E) of QCD on the Re(μ)-T plane. In this study we use n_f=2+1 dynamical staggered quarks with semi-realistic masses on L_t=4 lattices.
description: Lattice2001(hightemp) Talk given at Lattice2001, Berlin, 3 pages, 3 figures
The formation of carbonate minerals in laboratory and environmental settings
Creators: name: Lin, Chin Yik
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Alkalinity
calcium carbonate minerals
microbial sulfate reduction
seeding materials

description: Microbial sulfate reduction, couple to organic matter oxidation or methane oxidation, is one of the key processes driving the formation of sedimentary carbonate minerals. While some work has been done exploring the formation of carbonate minerals via microbial sulfate reduction, less attention has been given to the detailed processes involved in this microbially induced carbonate mineral formation and how the carbonate minerals form may transform and change over time. In this thesis, I investigated the role that microbial sulfate reduction has on the types of calcium carbonate polymorphs precipitated. For this, I grew sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfovibrio bizertensis) in media with varying Mg/Ca and different types of seeding materials. My results suggest that sulfate-reducing bacteria induce carbonate precipitation and serve as a nucleation for the growing carbonate minerals. In media where the Mg/Ca is greater than 2, a crystalline monohydrocalcite is the primary carbonate mineral produced. In addition, I examine the role of different seeding materials such as calcite and kaolinite have on the generation of alkalinity and microbial growth in the incubation experiments. My results show higher alkalinity production and rates of sulfate reduction in samples with kaolinite seeds. I suggest this is due to the fact that bacteria grow better in the presence of clay minerals that have a higher surface area. In the final chapter of my thesis, I extend my research from the laboratory setting to the field, in the Norfolk saltmarshes. Using an incubation approach of the saltmarsh sediment allows high-resolution monitoring of the evolution of pore fluid chemistry and thus the stability of siderite in conditions that mimic the saltmarsh. My incubation results suggest that the formation of siderite nodule can be very rapid (within weeks) after burial when there is a substantial iron source. My research thus explores the mineralisation of carbonate through microbial processes and how the diversity of carbonate minerals may be explained and examined in the geological record.
description: ERC StG 307582 to AVT (CARBONSINK), SLAI (Skim Latihan Akademik IPTA) scholarship
Neutrino propagation hinders fast pairwise flavor conversions
Creators: name: Shalgar, Shashank
name: Padilla-Gay, Ian
name: Tamborra, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino flavor conversions may dramatically affect the inner working of compact astrophysical objects as well as the synthesis of the heavier elements. We present the first sophisticated numerical solution of the neutrino flavor conversion within a (2+1+1) dimensional setup: we include the advective term in the neutrino equations of motion and track the flavor evolution in two spatial dimensions, one angular variable, and time. Notably, the advective term hinders the development of neutrino pairwise conversions, if the conditions favoring such conversions (i.e., crossings between the angular distributions of $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$ or a non-negligible flux of neutrinos traveling backward with respect to the main propagation direction) exist for time scales shorter than the typical time scale of the advective term. As a consequence, fast pairwise conversions can only occur when the conditions favoring flavor conversions are self-sustained and global, such as the ones induced by the lepton emission self-sustained asymmetry (LESA) in core-collapse supernovae. Our work highlights the major impact of the dynamical evolution of the neutrino field on the growth of flavor instabilities and the strong interplay between classical and quantum effects. Critical limitations of the linear stability analysis, used to predict neutrino flavor instabilities, are also pointed out.
description: Accepted in JCAP, 20 pages, 12 Figures. Supplementary material: https://sid.erda.dk/share_redirect/BAdkN7XRul/index.html
Facilitating teacher leadership in Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Kanayeva, Gulmira
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Teacher leadership development
School improvement
Education reform in Kazakhstan
Non-positional teacher leadership
Professional learning
Leadership and learning

description: This is an action-based study that was conducted in four schools in Kazakhstan with the purpose to facilitate teacher leadership for sustainable improvement of practice and enhancing the teacher’s role in education reform in Kazakhstan. By drawing on a non-positional approach to teacher leadership, this study sought bottom-up approaches to educational reform, school leadership and professional development in schools in Kazakhstan. The nine-month intervention programme, which was called the Teacher Leadership for Learning and Collaboration, introduced strategies and created conditions for teachers to lead educational improvement at classroom, school and system level. This has implications for a wider societal development. With the dissolution of Soviet Union, Kazakhstan has been undergoing transition for the last few decades. In the new era, the country is seeking the revival of its national identity, inclusion of its citizens and economic competitiveness, wherein educational improvement has become the country’s top priority. The outcomes of this study indicate that educational improvement requires building local capacity by empowering teachers to lead learning and innovation within and outside their schools. Such a grassroots movement requires systemic and systematic facilitation in schools in Kazakhstan. Ongoing practice-oriented critical reflection, focused action, horizontal communication and school networking can enable teachers and school leadership team members to develop their understanding and foster participatory practices within schools. The study employed a critical participatory action research approach that enabled the building of context-sensitive knowledge and included the voices and reflections of the participants involved in this research. Data were collected through multiple research tools, analysed both during and after the intervention process and presented in the form of a critical narrative to depict the nuances of local reality. The outcomes of this study suggest that teachers can innovate, engage in creative pedagogical practice and lead educational improvement, which requires developing strategies and involving all stakeholders in facilitating teacher leadership.
description: 'Talap' scholarship, Nazarbayev University, Kazakhstan
Precocious Gauge Symmetry Breaking in $SU(6) \times SU(2)_R$ Model
Creators: name: Hayashi, Takemi
name: Ito, Masato
name: Matsuda, Masahisa
name: Matsuoka, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the $SU(6) \times SU(2)_R$ string-inspired model, we evolve the couplings and the masses down from the string scale $M_S$ using the renormalization group equations and minimize the effective potential. This model has the flavor symmetry including the binary dihedral group $\tilde{D}_4$. We show that the scalar mass squared of the gauge non-singlet matter field possibly goes negative slightly below the string scale. As a consequence, the precocious radiative breaking of the gauge symmetry down to the standard model gauge group can occur. In the present model, the large Yukawa coupling which plays an important role in the symmetry breaking is identical with the colored Higgs coupling related to the longevity of the proton.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Humans Optimize Ground Contact Time and Leg Stiffness to Minimize the Metabolic Cost of Running
Creators: name: Izzy Moore
name: Ashford, Kelly J.
name: Cross, Charlotte
name: Hope, Jack
name: Jones, Holly S.R.
name: McCarthy-Ryan, Molly
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110699 Human Movement and Sports Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Trained endurance runners appear to fine-tune running mechanics to minimize metabolic cost. Referred to as self-optimization, the support for this concept has primarily been collated from only a few gait (e.g., stride frequency, length) and physiological (e.g., oxygen consumption, heart rate) characteristics. To extend our understanding, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of manipulating ground contact time on the metabolic cost of running in trained endurance runners. Additionally, the relationships between metabolic cost, and leg stiffness and perceived effort were examined. Ten participants completed 5 × 6-min treadmill running conditions. Self-selected ground contact time and step frequency were determined during habitual running, which was followed by ground contact times being increased or decreased in four subsequent conditions whilst maintaining step frequency (2.67 ± 0.15 Hz). The same self-selected running velocity was used across all conditions for each participant (12.7 ± 1.6 km · h−1). Oxygen consumption was used to compute the metabolic cost of running and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded for each run. Ground contact time and step frequency were used to estimate leg stiffness. Identifiable minimums and a curvilinear relationship between ground contact time and metabolic cost was found for all runners (r2 = 0.84). A similar relationship was observed between leg stiffness and metabolic cost (r2 = 0.83). Most (90%) runners self-selected a ground contact time and leg stiffness that produced metabolic costs within 5% of their mathematical optimal. The majority (n = 6) of self-selected ground contact times were shorter than mathematical optimals, whilst the majority (n = 7) of self-selected leg stiffness' were higher than mathematical optimals. Metabolic cost and RPE were moderately associated (rs = 0.358 p = 0.011), but controlling for condition (habitual/manipulated) weakened this relationship (rs = 0.302, p = 0.035). Both ground contact time and leg stiffness appear to be self-optimized characteristics, as trained runners were operating at or close to their mathematical optimal. The majority of runners favored a self-selected gait that may rely on elastic energy storage and release due to shorter ground contact times and higher leg stiffness's than optimal. Using RPE as a surrogate measure of metabolic cost during manipulated running gait is not recommended.
A Low Upper Limit to the Lyman Continuum Emission of two galaxies at z 3
Creators: name: Giallongo, E.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: D'Odorico, S.
name: Fontana, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long exposure, long-slit spectra have been obtained in the UV/optical bands for two galaxies at z=2.96 and z=3.32 to investigate the fraction of ionizing UV photons escaping from high redshifts galaxies. The two targets are among the brightest galaxies discovered by Steidel and collaborators and they have different properties in terms of Lyman-alpha emission and dust reddening. No significant Lyman continuum emission has been detected. The noise level in the spectra implies an upper limit of f_{rel,esc}\equiv 3 f(900)/f(1500)< 16% for the relative escape fraction of ionizing photons, after correction for absorption by the intervening intergalactic medium. This upper limit is 4 times lower than the previous detection derived from a composite spectrum of 29 Lyman break galaxies at z 3.4. If this value is typical of the escape fraction of the z 3 galaxies, and is added to the expected contribution of the QSO population, the derived UV background is in good agreement with the one derived by the proximity effect.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, ApJ Letters in press
The Effect of Biotechnology and Biofuels on U.S. Corn Belt Cropping Systems
Creators: name: Fausti, Scott W.
name: Van Der Sluis, Evert
name: Qasmi, Bashir A.
name: Lundgren, Jonathan
name: Fausti, Scott W.
name: Van Der Sluis, Evert
name: Qasmi, Bashir A.
name: Lundgren, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: GMO diffusion
subject: corn production
subject: biofuel policy
subject: longitudinal analysis

description: The effects of transgenic crop and federal biofuel policy (ethanol) on state-level cropping patterns in the Corn Belt region are investigated during 1996-2012. Empirical evidence generated by a random intercept model with fixed effects indicates corn production was positively impacted by these factors, but the effects across states are heterogeneous.
Helium-Core White Dwarfs in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Hansen, Brad
name: Kalogera, Vassiliki
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the theoretical implications of a population of low-mass helium-core white dwarfs in globular clusters. In particular, we focus on the observed population in the core of NGC 6397, where several low-mass white dwarf canditates have been identified as ``non-flickerers'' by Cool and collaborators. Age and mass estimates from cooling models, combined with dynamical and evolutionary considerations, lead us to infer that the dark binary companions are C/O white dwarfs rather than neutron stars. Furthermore, we find that the progenitor binaries very likely underwent an exchange interaction within the last 1.e9 years. We examine the prospects for detecting a similar population in other globular clusters, with particular attention to the case of 47 Tuc.
description: 30 pages, 9 postscript figures, submitted to ApJ