cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High energy cosmic rays and gamma rays from star clusters: the case of Cygnus OB2
Creators: name: Blasi, Pasquale
name: Morlino, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the acceleration of cosmic rays at the termination shock that results from the interaction of the collective wind of star clusters with the surrounding interstellar medium. The solution of the transport equation of accelerated particles in the wind-excavated cavity, including energy losses due to CR interactions with neutral gas in the bubble, shows several interesting properties that are discussed in detail. The issue of the maximum energy of the accelerated particles is discussed with special care, because of its implications for the origin of Galactic cosmic rays. Gamma ray emission is produced in the cavity due to inelastic pp scattering, while accelerated particles are advected downstream of the termination shock and diffuse at the same time. Both the spectrum and the morphology of such emission are discussed, with a comparison of our results with the observations of gamma ray emission from the Cygnus OB2 region.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 82.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.04.1990, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Multi-cancer computational analysis reveals invasion-associated variant of desmoplastic reaction involving INHBA, THBS2 and COL11A1
Creators: name: Kim, Hoon
name: Watkinson, John
name: Varadan, Vinay
name: Anastassiou, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cytology

description: Despite extensive research, the details of the biological mechanisms by which cancer cells acquire motility and invasiveness are largely unknown. This study identifies an invasion associated gene signature shedding light on these mechanisms. We analyze data from multiple cancers using a novel computational method identifying sets of genes whose coordinated overexpression indicates the presence of a particular phenotype, in this case high-stage cancer. We conclude that there is one shared "core" metastasis-associated gene expression signature corresponding to a specific variant of stromal desmoplastic reaction, present in a large subset of samples that have exceeded a threshold of invasive transition specific to each cancer, indicating that the corresponding biological mechanism is triggered at that point. For example this threshold is reached at stage IIIc in ovarian cancer and at stage II in colorectal cancer. Therefore, its presence indicates that the corresponding stage has been reached. It has several features, such as coordinated overexpression of particular collagens, mainly COL11A1 and other genes, mainly THBS2 and INHBA. The composition of the overexpressed genes indicates invasion-facilitating altered proteolysis in the extracellular matrix. The prominent presence in the signature of INHBA in all cancers strongly suggests a biological mechanism centered on activin A induced TGF-β signaling, because activin A is a member of the TGF-β superfamily consisting of an INHBA homodimer. Furthermore, we establish that the signature is predictive of neoadjuvant therapy response in at least one breast cancer data set. Therefore, these results can be used for developing high specificity biomarkers sensing cancer invasion and predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy, as well as potential multi-cancer metastasis inhibiting therapeutics targeting the corresponding biological mechanism.
Pros and cons of swimming in a noisy environment
Creators: name: Olla, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of optimal microscopic swimming in a noisy environment is analyzed. A simplified model in which propulsion is generated by the relative motion of three spheres connected by immaterial links has been considered. We show that an optimized noisy microswimmer requires less power for propulsion (on the average), than an optimal noiseless counterpart, migrating with identical mean velocity and swimming stroke amplitude. We also show that noise can be used to overcome some of the limitations of the scallop theorem, and have a swimmer that is able to propel itself with control over just one degree of freedom.
description: 13 pages 4 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 217.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 29.08.1990, 07:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 58.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.03.1990, 08:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Reengineering the clinical research enterprise to involve more community clinicians
Creators: name: Kahn, Katherine
name: Pincus, Harold A.
name: Taylor, Stephanie
name: Quiter, Elaine
name: Cho, Michelle
name: Ryan, Gery
name: Berrebi, Claude
name: Beckett, Megan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Medical sciences

description: The National Institutes of Health has called for expansion of practice-based research to improve the clinical research enterprise. This paper presents a model for the reorganization of clinical research to foster long-term participation by community clinicians. Based on the literature and interviews with clinicians and other stakeholders, we posited a model, conducted further interviews to test the viability of the model, and further adapted it. We propose a three-dimensional system of checks and balances to support community clinicians using research support organizations, community outreach, a web-based registry of clinicians and studies, web-based training services, quality audits, and a feedback mechanism for clinicians engaged in research. The proposed model is designed to offer a systemic mechanism to address current barriers that prevent clinicians from participation in research. Transparent mechanisms to guarantee the safety of patients and the integrity of the research enterprise paired with efficiencies and economies of scale are maintained by centralizing some of the functions. Assigning other responsibilities to more local levels assures flexibility with respect to the size of the clinician networks and the changing needs of researchers.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 25.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.01.1990, 11:30, erstellt von Michele Bianda, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
WST submission data
Creators: name: Dastgir, Aun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Waste management, reduction, reuse and recycling

description: The data here is uploaded as part of the submission in Water Science and Technology Journal for the paper ' Graph method for critical pipe analysis of branched and looped drainage networks'. All five networks used as a case study for the publication (3 benchmark and 2 real networks) are uploaded here. The 2 rain files are also included. 1 year return period block rain is used for the two real case studies and 2 year return period rain is used for the three benchmark case studies.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 138.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 08.06.1990, 13:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Complexity of Charged Dynamical Spherical System in Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Hassan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the effect of electromagnetic field to the definition of complexity in the context of $f(G,T)$ gravity, where $G$ and $T$ express the Gauss-Bonnet term and energy-momentum tensor, respectively. The physical parameters such as anisotropic pressure, charge, energy density inhomogeneity, heat dissipation and correction terms are found responsible to induce complexity within the self-gravitating objects. The scalar functions are determined using Herrera's orthogonal splitting approach, which results in a complexity factor that includes all of the system's essential features. Furthermore, we investigate the dynamics of charged spherical distribution by choosing homologous mode as the simplest evolutionary pattern. Dissipative and non-dissipative cases associated with complexity free and homologous conditions are also discussed. Finally, we study the components responsible for producing complexity during the evolution process. We deduce that the inclusion of extra curvature terms and charge in $f(G, T)$ gravity enhances the complexity of the self-gravitating structure.
description: 26 pages, no figure
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 292.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.11.1990, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
title: Diogenus Laertiu Peri Biōn, Dogmatōn kai apophthegmatōn tōn en philosophia eudokimēsantōn; 1533
title: biblia deka = Diogenis Laertij De uitis, decretis, & responsis celebrium philosophorum : libri decem
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Diogenes Laertius
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: Text griech.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 80.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.04.1990, 07:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
NR2 subunits and NMDA receptors on lamina II inhibitory and excitatory interneurons of the mouse dorsal horn
Creators: name: Tong, Chi-Kun
name: MacDermott, Amy B.
name: Kaftan, Edward
name: Shiokawa, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Molecular biology

description: NMDA receptors expressed by spinal cord neurons in the superficial dorsal horn are involved in the development of chronic pain associated with inflammation and nerve injury. The superficial dorsal horn has a complex and still poorly understood circuitry that is mainly populated by inhibitory and excitatory interneurons. Little is known about how NMDA receptor subunit composition, and therefore pharmacology and voltage dependence, varies with neuronal cell type. NMDA receptors are typically composed of two NR1 subunits and two of four NR2 subunits, NR2A-2D. We took advantage of the differences in Mg2+ sensitivity of the NMDA receptor subtypes together with subtype preferring antagonists to identify the NR2 subunit composition of NMDA receptors expressed on lamina II inhibitory and excitatory interneurons. To distinguish between excitatory and inhibitory interneurons, we used transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein driven by the GAD67 promoter. Analysis of conductance ratio and selective antagonists showed that lamina II GABAergic interneurons express both the NR2A/B containing Mg2+ sensitive receptors and the NR2C/D containing NMDA receptors with less Mg2+ sensitivity. In contrast, excitatory lamina II interneurons express primarily NR2A/B containing receptors. Despite this clear difference in NMDA receptor subunit expression in the two neuronal populations, focally stimulated synaptic input is mediated exclusively by NR2A and 2B containing receptors in both neuronal populations. Stronger expression of NMDA receptors with NR2C/D subunits by inhibitory interneurons compared to excitatory interneurons may provide a mechanism to selectively increase activity of inhibitory neurons during intense excitatory drive that can provide inhibitory feedback.
Biased and greedy random walks on two-dimensional lattices with quenched randomness: the "greedy" ant within a disordered environment
Creators: name: Mitran, T. L.
name: Melchert, O.
name: Hartmann, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The principle characteristics of biased greedy random walks (BGRWs) on two-dimensional lattices with real-valued quenched disorder on the lattice edges are studied. Here, the disorder allows for negative edge-weights. In previous studies, considering the negative-weight percolation (NWP) problem, this was shown to change the universality class of the existing, static percolation transition. In the presented study, four different types of BGRWs and an algorithm based on the ant colony optimization (ACO) heuristic were considered. Regarding the BGRWs, the precise configurations of the lattice walks constructed during the numerical simulations were influenced by two parameters: a disorder parameter rho that controls the amount of negative edge weights on the lattice and a bias strength B that governs the drift of the walkers along a certain lattice direction. Here, the pivotal observable is the probability that, after termination, a lattice walk exhibits a total negative weight, which is here considered as percolating. The behavior of this observable as function of rho for different bias strengths B is put under scrutiny. Upon tuning rho, the probability to find such a feasible lattice walk increases from zero to one. This is the key feature of the percolation transition in the NWP model. Here, we address the question how well the transition point rho_c, resulting from numerically exact and "static" simulations in terms of the NWP model can be resolved using simple dynamic algorithms that have only local information available, one of the basic questions in the physics of glassy systems.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Intronic motif pairs cooperate across exons to promote pre-mRNA splicing
Creators: name: Ke, Shengdong
name: Chasin, Lawrence Allen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A very early step in splice site recognition is exon definition, a process that is as yet poorly understood. Communication between the two ends of an exon is thought to be required for this step. We report genome-wide evidence for exons being defined through the combinatorial activity of motifs located in flanking intronic regions. Strongly co-occurring motifs were found to specifically reside in four intronic regions surrounding a large number of human exons. These paired motifs occur around constitutive and alternative exons but not pseudo exons. Most co-occurring motifs are limited to intronic regions within 100 nucleotides of the exon. They are preferentially associated with weaker exons. Their pairing is conserved in evolution and they exhibit a lower frequency of single nucleotide polymorphism when paired. Paired motifs display specificity with respect to distance from the exon borders and in constitutive versus alternative splicing. Many resemble binding sites for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins. Specific pairs are associated with tissue-specific genes, the higher expression of which coincides with that of the pertinent RNA binding proteins. Tested pairs acted synergistically to enhance exon inclusion, and this enhancement was found to be exon-specific. The exon-flanking sequence pairs identified here by genomic analysis promote exon inclusion and may play a role in the exon definition step in pre-mRNA splicing. We propose a model in which multiple concerted interactions are required between exonic sequences and flanking intronic sequences to effect exon definition.
Coney Island, U.S.A.: America in the Yiddish Literary Imagination
Creators: name: Roskies, David G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Jews
Americans

description: In the Yiddish literary imagination, Coney Island was where past and future, longing and loathing, the individual and the collective converged. From the poetry of Rosenfeld and Halpern to the prose of Asch and I. B. Singer, it stood at the boundary between Exile and the Promised Land.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 150.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.06.1990, 06:45, erstellt von Michele Bianda, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Major depressive disorder following terrorist attacks: A systematic review of prevalence, course and correlates
Creators: name: Salguero, José
name: Fernández-Berrocal, Pablo
name: Iruarrizaga, Itziar
name: Cano-Vindel, Antonio
name: Galea, Sandro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Terrorist attacks are traumatic events that may result in a wide range of psychological disorders for people exposed. This review aimed to systematically assess the current evidence on major depressive disorder (MDD) after terrorist attacks. A systematic review was performed. Studies included assessed the impact of human-made, intentional, terrorist attacks in direct victims and/or persons in general population and evaluated MDD based on diagnostic criteria. A total of 567 reports were identified, 11 of which were eligible for this review: 6 carried out with direct victims, 4 with persons in general population, and 1 with victims and general population. The reviewed literature suggests that the risk of MDD ranges between 20 and 30% in direct victims and between 4 and 10% in the general population in the first few months after terrorist attacks. Characteristics that tend to increase risk of MDD after a terrorist attack are female gender, having experienced more stressful situations before or after the attack, peritraumatic reactions during the attack, loss of psychosocial resources, and low social support. The course of MDD after terrorist attacks is less clear due to the scarcity of longitudinal studies. Methodological limitations in the literature of this field are considered and potentially important areas for future research such as the assessment of the course of MDD, the study of correlates of MDD or the comorbidity between MDD and other mental health problems are discussed.
title: “I’ve Never Cooked with My Maths Teacher”—Moving Beyond Perceived Dualities in Mathematical Belief Research by Focusing on Adult Education
Creators: name: Beeli, Sonja
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: The affective domain of mathematics education, ranging from beliefs and attitudes to emotions, has been a frequent topic of discussion. However, in spite of some decades of research in this field, there are still a number of gaps and open questions, among them the field of adult education. This contribution focuses on one specific finding from a qualitative study describing the mathematical beliefs of eight adult education teachers in Switzerland. Illustrating three dualities identified in the participants’ data confirms the complexity of mathematical beliefs and it is argued that a focus on adult education teachers as well as a reflected use of research methods and instruments would be beneficial for the advancement of mathematical belief research, particularly the change of beliefs.
Measuring human rights violations in a conflict-affected country: results from a nationwide cluster survey in Central African Republic
Creators: name: Potts, Alina
name: Myer, Kathleen
name: Roberts, Leslie F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public health

description: Measuring human rights violations is particularly challenging during or after armed conflict. A recent nationwide survey in the Central African Republic produced estimates of rates of grave violations against children and adults affected by armed conflict, using an approach known as the "Neighborhood Method". In June and July, 2009, a random household survey was conducted based on population estimates from the 2003 national census. Clusters were assigned systematically proportional to population size. Respondents in randomly selected households were interviewed regarding incidents of killing, intentional injury, recruitment into armed groups, abduction, sexual abuse and rape between January 1, 2008 and the date of interview, occurring in their homes' and those of their three closest neighbors. Sixty of the selected 69 clusters were surveyed. In total, 599 women were interviewed about events in 2,370 households representing 13,669 persons. Estimates of annual rates of each violation occurring per 1000 people in each of two strata are provided for children between the ages of five and 17, adults 18 years of age and older and the entire population five years and older, along with a combined and weighted national rate. The national rates for children age five to 17 were estimated to be 0.98/1000/year (95% CI: 0.18 - 1.78) for recruitment, 2.56/1000/year (95% CI: 1.50 - 3.62) for abduction, 1.13/1000/year (95% CI: 0.33 - 1.93) for intentional injury, 10.72/1000 girls/year (95% CI: 7.40 - 14.04) for rape, and 4.80/1000 girls/year (95% CI: 2.61 - 6.00) for sexual abuse. No reports of any violation against a person under the age of five were recorded and there were no reports of rape or sexual abuse of males. No children were reported to have been killed during the recall period. Rape and abduction were the most frequently reported events. The population-based figures greatly augment existing information on human rights violations in CAR, and represent a step forward in quantifying the protection needs of Central Africans. Government, donors, and international organizations should make use of this data to better inform advocacy, prevention, and response programs, to assist in fundraising, and to develop surveillance activities to monitor child protection concerns.
The Multiplexed Imaging Method: High-Resolution Wide Field Imaging Using Physically Small Detectors
Creators: name: Zackay, Barak
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the method of multiplexed imaging designed for astronomical observations of large sky areas in the IR, visible and UV frequencies. Our method relies on the sparse nature of astronomical observations. The method consists of an optical system that directs light from different locations on the focal plane of a telescope onto the same detector area and an algorithm that reconstructs the original wide-field image. In this way we can use a physically small detector to cover a wide field of view. We test our reconstruction algorithm using public space telescope data. Our tests demonstrate the reliability and power of the multiplexed imaging method. Using our method it will be possible to increase the sky area covered with space telescopes by 1-3 orders of magnitude, depending on the specific scientific goal and optical parameters. This method can significantly increase the volume of astronomical surveys, including search programs for exoplanets and transients using space and ground instruments.
Variability and evolution of the optical polarization of a sample of gamma-ray blazars
Creators: name: Otero-Santos, J.
name: Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
name: González, J. Becerra
name: Raiteri, C. M.
name: Carnerero, M. I.
name: Segura, N. Castro
name: González-Martín, O.
name: Luashvili, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a polarization variability analysis of a sample of 26 $γ$-ray blazars monitored by the Steward Observatory between 2008 and 2018 in the optical band. We investigate the properties and long-term variability of their optical polarization, searching for differences between blazar types. We observe that BL Lac objects are typically less polarized and less variable than flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). Moreover, BL Lacs display a distribution of their polarization angle typically oriented in a preferential direction, contrary to the rather random distribution of FSRQs. For the latter blazar type, as well as those sources showing a bright stellar emission, we take into account the depolarizing effect introduced by the broad line region and the host galaxy on the measured polarization degree. In this sample we also observe that BL Lacs present an uncorrelated evolution of the flux and the polarization. Contrary, FSRQs show a correlation before the depolarization correction, that is lost however after considering this effect. In addition, we study the behaviour of the polarization angle, searching for angle rotations in its long-term evolution. We derive that the FSRQs studied here show rotations more frequently than BL Lac objects by a factor $\sim$1.5. During these periods we also observe a systematic decrease of the polarization fraction, as well as a marginal flux increase, not significant however to connect rotations with optical flares. We interpret these results within the extended shock-in-jet scenario, able to explain the overall features observed here for the polarization of the blazar sample.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Mechanisms of increased risk of tumorigenesis in Atm and Brca1 double heterozygosity
Creators: name: Wang, Jufang
name: Su, Fengtao
name: Smilenov, Lubomir B.
name: Zhou, Libin
name: Hu, Wentao
name: Ding, Nan
name: Zhou, Guangming
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Diagnostic imaging

description: Both epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that heterozygosity for a single gene is linked with tumorigenesis and heterozygosity for two genes increases the risk of tumor incidence. Our previous work has demonstrated that Atm/Brca1 double heterozygosity leads to higher cell transformation rate than single heterozygosity. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood yet. In the present study, a series of pathways were investigated to clarify the possible mechanisms of increased risk of tumorigenesis in Atm and Brca1 heterozygosity. Wild type cells, Atm or Brca1 single heterozygous cells, and Atm/Brca1 double heterozygous cells were used to investigate DNA damage and repair, cell cycle, micronuclei, and cell transformation after photon irradiation. Remarkable high transformation frequency was confirmed in Atm/Brca1 double heterozygous cells compared to wild type cells. It was observed that delayed DNA damage recognition, disturbed cell cycle checkpoint, incomplete DNA repair, and increased genomic instability were involved in the biological networks. Haploinsufficiency of either ATM or BRCA1 negatively impacts these pathways. The quantity of critical proteins such as ATM and BRCA1 plays an important role in determination of the fate of cells exposed to ionizing radiation and double heterozygosity increases the risk of tumorigenesis. These findings also benefit understanding of the individual susceptibility to tumor initiation.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 232.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.09.1990, 08:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
title: Imaging findings of Amiodarone induced pulmonary and liver toxicity
Creators: name: Kankara, Shreyas
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Lung
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Toxicity
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 55-year-old male a known case of diabetes and hypertension, presented with progressive dyspnea, swelling of bilateral lower limbs and fever for the past week. ECG was suggestive of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Blood investigations revealed elevated total counts. His blood culture was positive for Acinetobacter Baumenii. He had a prior history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) for which he had undergone a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and was on long-term amiodarone therapy.

description: 55 years, male
Proton ejection from molecular hydride clusters exposed to strong X-ray pulses
Creators: name: Di Cintio, Pierfrancesco
name: Saalmann, Ulf
name: Rost, Jan-Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clusters consisting of small molecules containing hydrogen do eject fast protons when illuminated by short X-ray pulses. A suitable overall charging of the cluster controlled by the X-ray intensity induces electron migration from the surface to the bulk leading to efficient segregation of the protons and to a globally hindered explosion of the heavy atoms even outside the screened volume. We investigate this peculiar effect systematically along the iso-electronic sequence of methane over ammonia and water to the atomic limit of neon as a reference. In contrast to core-shell systems where the outer shell is sacrificed to reduce radiation damage, the intricate proton dynamics of hydride clusters allows one to keep the entire backbone of heavy atoms intact.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
16th International Conference in Quantum ChromoDynamics: Charmonium-like states at BaBar
Creators: name: Fioravanti, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results on charmonium-like states from the BaBar experiment located at the PEP-II asymmetric energy $e^+e^-$ collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, 16th International Conference in Quantum ChromoDynamics
Luftrecht für unbemannte Fluggeräte - Ein grafischer Überblick
Publisher: name: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: Luftrecht
UAS

description: Das Poster thematisiert die Artikelverordnung zur Regelung des Betriebs von unbemannten Fluggeräten und der entsprechenden Änderungen der LuftVO und der LuftVZO vom 30. März 2017. Im Speziellen dient es als grafischer Wegweiser durch das aktuell geltende Luftrecht, indem die relevanten Inhalte der einzelnen Paragraphen in einem kompakten und vor allem übersichtlichen Diagramm dargestellt sind, das dem Leser ermöglicht, strukturiert nach Abflugmasse und Flugort unmittelbar die Flughöhenbeschränkungen und weitere Gebote, Verbote oder Erlaubnisbedürftigkeiten abzulesen. Zusätzlich ist die Grafik mit allen Fundstellen in den jeweiligen Gesetzen, Verordnungen oder Nachrichten für Luftfahrer detailliert querverwiesen. Des Weiteren sind relevante Begrifflichkeiten, Definitionen und Besonderheiten als Infokästen rund um die Grafik dargestellt. Die grafische Übersicht unterscheidet sich von der üblichen Einteilung in erlaubnisfreien, erlaubnisbedürftigen bzw. verbotenen Betrieb, bei der jede dieser Kategorien jeweils mit dem eigenen Flugvorhaben separat verglichen werden muss. Vielmehr ist Ausgangspunkt die eigene, spezielle Flugabsicht - definiert durch Abflugmasse, Flugort und ggf. Einsatz von FPV-Technik - aus der dann unmittelbar der gültige Handlungsspielraum abgelesen werden kann. Eine derartige grafische Übersicht über den Betrieb von unbemannten Fluggeräten ist dem Autor bisher weder in der einschlägigen Literatur, noch auf den Internetseiten der DFS, der Landesluftfahrtbehörden oder des LBA bekannt. Auch im Bereich "Kenntnisnachweis" (zum Führen unbemannter Fluggeräte) gibt es keine dem Autor bekannten Lehrgangsunterlagen, die eine Grafik in der hier dargelegten Detail-Tiefe aufweisen. Das Poster bietet somit eine innovative, anwendungsorientierte Entscheidungshilfe für Flugvorhaben mit unbemannten Fluggeräten.
Weighing the Light Gravitino Mass with Weak Lensing Surveys
Creators: name: Kamada, Ayuki
name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the discovery potential of light gravitino mass m_{3/2} by combining future cosmology surveys and collider experiments. The former probe the imprint of light gravitinos in the cosmic matter density field, whereas the latter search signatures of a supersymmetry breaking mechanism. Free-streaming of light gravitinos suppresses the density fluctuations at galactic and sub-galactic length scales, where weak gravitational lensing can be used as a powerful probe. We perform numerical simulations of structure formation to quantify the effect. We then run realistic ray-tracing simulations of gravitational lensing to measure the cosmic shear in models with light gravitino. We forecast the possible reach of future wide-field surveys by Fisher analysis; the light gravitino mass can be determined with an accuracy of m_{3/2}=4\pm 1 eV by a combination of the Hyper Suprime Cam survey and cosmic microwave background anisotropy data obtained by Planck satellite. The corresponding accuracy to be obtained by the future Large Synoptic Survey Telescope is δm_{3/2}=0.6 eV. Data from experiments at Large Hadron Collider at 14 TeV will provide constraint at m_{3/2} \simeq 5 eV in the minimal framework of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) model. We conclude that a large class of the GMSB model can be tested by combining the cosmological observations and the collider experiments.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 298.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.12.1990, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 99.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.04.1990, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Ultra-Intense Gamma-Rays Created Using the Texas Petawatt Laser
Creators: name: Henderson, Alexander
name: Liang, Edison
name: Riley, Nathan
name: Yepes, Pablo
name: Dyer, Gillis
name: Serratto, Kristina
name: Shagin, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a series of experiments at the Texas Petawatt Laser (TPW) in Austin, TX, we have used attenuation spectrometers, dosimeters, and a new Forward Compton Electron Spectrometer (FCES) to measure and characterize the angular distribution, fluence, and energy spectrum of the X-rays and gamma rays produced by the TPW striking multi-millimeter thick gold targets. Our results represent the first such measurements at laser intensities > 10 21 W*cm-2 and pulse durations < 150 fs. We obtain a maximum yield of X-ray and gamma ray energy with respect to laser energy of 4% and a mean yield of 2%. We futher obtain a Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) of the gamma distribution of 37°. We were able to characterize the gamma-ray spectrum from 3 MeV to 90 MeV using a Forward Compton Electron Spectrometer, with an energy resolution of 0.5 MeV and mean kT of ~ 6 MeV.. We were able to characterize the spectrum from 1 to 7 MeV using a Filter Stack Spectrometer, measuring a mean gamma-ray temperature for the spectrum from 3 to 7 MeV of 2.1 MeV.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 226.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.09.1990, 15:00, erstellt von Andrea Manna, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1990

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Generation of tightly compressed solitons with a tunable frequency shift in Raman-free fibers
Creators: name: Driben, Rodislav
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimization of the compression of input N-solitons into robust ultra-narrow fundamental solitons, with a tunable up- or downshifted frequency, is proposed in photonic crystal fibers (PCF) free of the Raman effect. Due to the absence of the Raman self-frequency shift, these fundamental solitons continue propagation maintaining the acquired frequency, once separated from the input N-soliton's temporal slot. A universal optimal value of the relative strength of the third-order-dispersion (TOD) is found, providing the strongest compression of the fundamental soliton, is found. It depends only the order of the injected N-soliton. The largest compression degree significantly exceeds the analytical prediction supplied by the Satsuma-Yajima (SY) formula. The mechanism behind this effect, which remains valid in the presence of the self-steepening, is explained.
Kidney function and multiple hemostatic markers: cross sectional associations in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Palmas, Walter R.
name: Peralta, Carmen
name: Shlipak, Michael
name: Wassel, Christina
name: Fried, Linda F.
name: Folsom, Aaron
name: Cushman, Mary
name: Dubin, Ruth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Chronic renal failure
Kidneys--Diseases--Diagnosis
Ethnicity
Proteins--Analysis

description: Defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is strongly and independently associated with cardiovascular and overall mortality. We hypothesized that reduced kidney function would be characterized by abnormalities of hemostasis. We tested cross-sectional associations between (eGFR) and multiple hemostatic markers among 6751 participants representing a broad spectrum of kidney function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Kidney function was measured using cystatin C (eGFRcys) or creatinine, using CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (eGFRcr). Hemostatic markers included soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), soluble tissue factor (sTF), D-Dimer, von Willebrand factor (vWF), factor VIII, plasmin-antiplasmin complex (PAP), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and fibrinogen. Associations were tested using multivariable linear regression with adjustment for demographics and comorbidities. In comparison to persons with eGFRcys >90 ml/min/1.73 m2, subjects with eGFRcys < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 had adjusted levels of sTM, sTF, D-Dimer, PAP, Factor VIII, TFPI, vWF and fibrinogen that were respectively 86%, 68%, 44%, 22%, 17%, 15%, 12% and 6% higher. Subjects with eGFRcys 60-90 ml/min/1.73 m2 had adjusted levels that were respectively 16%, 14%, 12%, 6%, 6%, 6%, 11% and 4% higher (p < 0.05 for all). Percent differences were not significantly different when groups were categorized by eGFRcr. Throughout a broad spectrum of kidney function, lower eGFR was associated with higher levels of hemostatic markers. Dysregulation of hemostasis may be a mechanism by which reduced kidney function promotes higher cardiovascular risk.