cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nearby high-speed stars in Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Bromley, Benjamin C.
name: Kenyon, Scott J.
name: Brown, Warren R.
name: Geller, Margaret J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of nearby (10-15 kpc) high-speed stars in the Gaia DR2 archive identified on the basis of parallax, proper motion and radial velocity. Together with a consideration of their kinematic, orbital, and photometric properties, we develop a novel strategy for evaluating whether high speed stars are statistical outliers of the bound population or unbound stars capable of escaping the Galaxy. Out of roughly 1.5 million stars with radial velocities, proper motions, and 5-sigma parallaxes, we identify just over 100 high-speed stars. Of these, only two have a nearly 100% chance of being unbound, with indication that they are not just bound outliers; both are likely hyper-runaway stars. The rest of the high speed stars are likely statistical outliers. We use the sample of high-speed stars to demonstrate that radial velocity alone provides a poor discriminant of nearby, unbound stars. However, nearby, unbound stars are efficiently identified from the tangential velocity, using just parallax and proper motion. Within the full Gaia DR2 archive of stars with 5-sigma parallax and proper motion but no radial velocity, we identify a sample of 19 with speeds significantly larger than the local escape speed of the Milky Way based on tangential motion alone.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, ApJ, revised and accepted
Learning the random variables in Monte Carlo simulations with stochastic gradient descent: Machine learning for parametric PDEs and financial derivative pricing
Creators: name: Becker, Sebastian
name: Jentzen, Arnulf
name: Müller, Marvin S.
name: von Wurstemberger, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K15, 65C05, 65M75, 68T99, 91G20

description: In financial engineering, prices of financial products are computed approximately many times each trading day with (slightly) different parameters in each calculation. In many financial models such prices can be approximated by means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. To obtain a good approximation the MC sample size usually needs to be considerably large resulting in a long computing time to obtain a single approximation. In this paper we introduce a new approximation strategy for parametric approximation problems including the parametric financial pricing problems described above. A central aspect of the approximation strategy proposed in this article is to combine MC algorithms with machine learning techniques to, roughly speaking, learn the random variables (LRV) in MC simulations. In other words, we employ stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization methods not to train parameters of standard artificial neural networks (ANNs) but to learn random variables appearing in MC approximations. We numerically test the LRV strategy on various parametric problems with convincing results when compared with standard MC simulations, Quasi-Monte Carlo simulations, SGD-trained shallow ANNs, and SGD-trained deep ANNs. Our numerical simulations strongly indicate that the LRV strategy might be capable to overcome the curse of dimensionality in the $L^\infty$-norm in several cases where the standard deep learning approach has been proven not to be able to do so. This is not a contradiction to lower bounds established in the scientific literature because this new LRV strategy is outside of the class of algorithms for which lower bounds have been established in the scientific literature. The proposed LRV strategy is of general nature and not only restricted to the parametric financial pricing problems described above, but applicable to a large class of approximation problems.
description: 71 pages, 4 Figures, 14 Tables; to appear in Math. Finance
Seeing double in art and geoscience: 3D aerial portraits of ‘lost’ Anthropocene landscapes
Creators: name: Mould, Simon A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Relationships between humans and environments are deeply challenged by recognition of the Anthropocene, which implicates humans as major drivers of planetary-scale environmental changes. Responding to these challenges requires technical expertise, but also creativity in dealing with complex social, cultural and political relationships of place. This paper introduces Relief as an art project that repurposes historical aerial photographs for the creation of affective, low-tech 3D experiences of landscapes and their histories. The creation of these works, and the experience of viewing them, offer a process for witnessing change in the Anthropocene. Content and aesthetics bring viewers into different ways of seeing landscapes, with implications for outreach and communication, as well as approaches to situating science and scientist in relation to society, politics and place. This art project leads into discussion of human agents and non-human agents as co-producers of landscapes, and the opportunities for art and science to respond to environmental concerns.
SURFACE CURRENT-CARRYING DOMAIN WALLS
Creators: name: Peter, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain walls, arising from the spontaneous breaking of a discrete symmetry, can be coupled to charge carriers. In much the same way as the Witten model for superconducting cosmic string, an investigation is made here in the case of $U(1)\times Z_2 \to U(1)$, where a bosonic charge carrier is directly coupled to the wall-forming Higgs field. All internal quantities, such as the energy per unit surface and the surface current, are calculated numerically to provide the first complete analysis of the internal structure of a surface current-carrying domain wall.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX-ReVTeX v.3, 2 figures available upon request
Ubiquitous non-Majorana Zero-Bias Conductance Peaks in Nanowire Devices
Creators: name: Chen, Jun
name: Woods, Benjamin
name: Yu, Peng
name: Hocevar, Moira
name: Car, Diana
name: Plissard, Sebastien
name: Bakkers, Erik
name: Stanescu, Tudor
name: Frolov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform tunneling measurements on indium antimonide nanowire/superconductor hybrid devices fabricated for the studies of Majorana bound states. At finite magnetic field, resonances that strongly resemble Majorana bound states, including zero-bias pinning, become common to the point of ubiquity. Since Majorana bound states are predicted in only a limited parameter range in nanowire devices, we seek an alternative explanation for the observed zero-bias peaks. With the help of a self-consistent Poission-Schrödinger multiband model developed in parallel, we identify several families of trivial subgap states which overlap and interact, giving rise to a crowded spectrum near zero energy and zero-bias conductance peaks in experiments. These findings advance the search for Majorana bound states through improved understanding of broader phenomena found in superconductor-semiconductor systems.
description: In this modified version, we made small changes and added detailed device information. All changes are in red text. All original data can be found at Zenodo:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793360
Additional file 1 of YAP1 plays a key role of the conversion of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts that contribute to prostate cancer progression
Creators: name: Shen, Tianyu
name: Li, Yang
name: Zhu, Shimiao
name: Yu, Jianpeng
name: Zhang, Boya
name: Chen, Xuanrong
name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Ma, Yuan
name: Niu, Yuanjie
name: Shang, Zhiqun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. YAP1, α-SMA and FAP are upregulated in CAFs A. The mRNA expression levels of YAP1 and α-SMA in CAFs and NFs were detected by qRT-PCR. B. The protein expression levels of YAP1 and α-SMA in CAFs and NFs were detected by western blot. GAPDH was used as an endogenous reference gene. C. Immunofluorescence staining showed the expression level and location of α-SMA and YAP1 in NFs and CAFs. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. The representative images were magnified 400 x.
Cross-Correlating Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Fluctuations with Redshift Surveys: Detecting the Signature of Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Suginohara, Maki
name: Suginohara, Tatsushi
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density inhomogeneities along the line-of-sight distort fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background. Usually, this effect is thought of as a small second-order effect that mildly alters the statistics of the microwave background fluctuations. We show that there is a first-order effect that is potentially observable if we combine microwave background maps with large redshift surveys. We introduce a new quantity that measures this lensing effect, $< T(δθ\cdot \nabla T) >$, where T is the microwave background temperature and $δθ$ is the lensing due to matter in the region probed by the redshift survey. We show that the expected signal is first order in the gravitational lensing bending angle, $< (δθ)^2 >^{1/2}$, and find that it should be easily detectable, (S/N) $\sim$ 15-35, if we combine the Microwave Anisotropy Probe satellite and Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. Measurements of this cross-correlation will directly probe the ``bias'' factor, the relationship between fluctuations in mass and fluctuations in galaxy counts.
description: 13 pages, 4 postscript figures included; Uses aaspp4.sty (AASTeX v4.0); Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, Part 1
Analysis of the South Korean Ocean Geological Survey and Research
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The paper concerns current development of geological survey in the South Korea. Nowadays Korean government conducts a wide variety of research in coastal environments and marine geology to support scientific understanding, develop tools and technology, and provide maps, data, and other information needed by resource managers and decision-makers. Therefore, the progress and improvements in the development of marine geology program are clear and evident. The coastal and marine geology program currently supported by Korean government, shares a wide range of resources. Besides scientific and research activities, it also includes popularization information for the citizens helping them to explain and illustrate scientific concepts of marine geology, scientific activities, expertise, technology, tools, and other educational resources concerning understanding of the ocean. Current paper reviews current rapid development and perspectives in the geological survey of the Republic of Korea.
The homology of a Temperley-Lieb algebra on an odd number of strands
Creators: name: Sroka, Robin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E40, 20J05 (primary), 20F55 (secondary)

description: We show that the homology of any Temperley-Lieb algebra $\mathcal{TL}_n(a)$ on an odd number of strands vanishes in positive degrees. This improves a result obtained by Boyd-Hepworth. In addition we present alternative arguments for the following two vanishing results of Boyd-Hepworth. (1) The stable homology of Temperley-Lieb algebras is trivial. (2) If the parameter $a \in R$ is a unit, then the homology of any Temperley-Lieb algebra is concentrated in degree zero.
description: v2: 13 pages, 6 figures. Updated following referee's suggestions. Improved exposition and notation. Accepted version, to appear in Algebraic & Geometric Topology
Il Kant di Croce
Creators: name: Cacciatore, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Messina - DICAM
Year: 2019
Subjects: Kant; Hegel; Croce; Subject; Category; a priori synthesis

description: In this speech to the Academia dei Lincei in Rome, Giuseppe Cacciatore sketches the role Kant played in Croce’s historicism. Surprisingly, this topic has been little investigated up to now, although Kant is a decisive source for Croce’s thought. The paper concentrates on the main Kantian passages in Croce’s writings, and shows similarities and differences between the two thinkers as to the function of “category”. On this basis, the Author raises the issue: how much tied to Kantian “Ich” is Croce’s post-Hegelian subject?
description: Il Pensiero Italiano. Rivista di studi filosofici, Vol 2, N° 1-2 (2018)
Estimates for Green functions of Stokes systems in two dimensional domains
Creators: name: Choi, Jongkeun
name: Kim, Doyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence and pointwise bounds of the Green functions for stationary Stokes systems with measurable coefficients in two dimensional domains. We also establish pointwise bounds of the derivatives of the Green functions under a regularity assumption on the $L_1$-mean oscillations of the coefficients.
description: minor revision; accepted in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
On K-theoretic invariants of semigroup C*-algebras from actions of congruence monoids
Creators: name: Bruce, Chris
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46L05, 46L80, Secondary 11Rxx, 11R37

description: We study semigroup C*-algebras of semigroups associated with number fields and initial data arising naturally from class field theory. Using K-theoretic invariants, we investigate how much information about the initial number-theoretic data is encoded in our semigroup C*-algebras.
description: final version, accepted for publication in Amer. J. Math.; 24 pages
Vacuum polarization energy of a complex scalar field in a vortex background
Creators: name: Graham, N.
name: Weigel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering methods make it possible to compute the effects of renormalized quantum fluctuations on classical field configurations. As a classic example of a topologically nontrivial classical solution, the Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortex in U(1) Higgs-gauge theory provides an ideal case in which to apply these methods. While physically measurable gauge-invariant quantities are always well-behaved, the topological properties of this solution give rise to singularities in gauge-variant quantities used in the scattering problem. In this paper we show how modifications of the standard scattering approach are necessary to maintain gauge invariance within a tractable calculation. We apply this technique to the vortex energy calculation in a simplified model, and show that to obtain accurate results requires an unexpectedly extensive numerical calculation, beyond what has been used in previous work.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures,v2: typos corrected, v3: figure 2 updated
Top quark production near threshold
Creators: name: Beneke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present theoretical status of top quark pair production near threshold at (future) $e^+ e^-$ ($μ^+μ^-$) colliders is summarized.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, Talk presented at the High Energy Physics International Euroconference on Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD'99), Montpellier, France, 7-13 July 1999
Giambattista Vico a Milano: le interpretazioni di Francesco Predari e Giuseppe Ferrari
Creators: name: Martirano, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Messina - DICAM
Year: 2019
Subjects: Giambattista Vico; Science of History, Philosophy, Giuseppe Ferrari, Francesco Predari

description: A new contribution is offered to the study of the interpretations of two well-known Vichian publishers, Francesco Predari and Giuseppe Ferrari, making reference on the one hand to some items drawn up for the «Nuova Enciclopedia Popolare» and, on the other, to the notes written by Ferrari for the edition of the New Science of 1725 (stopping here only on Book I), in which an original and important comparison is proposed with the themes of Universal Law.
description: Il Pensiero Italiano. Rivista di studi filosofici, Vol 2, N° 1-2 (2018)
Il Rosmini di Gentile. Una ricostruzione storiografica esemplare (e tendenziosa)
Creators: name: Rizzo, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Messina - DICAM
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gentile; Rosmini; Contemporary Italian Philosophy; Idealism.

description: What the reason to turn once again toward Gentile’s Rosmini? This starting question will find in the essay two main answers: a) in order to consider the book also as an example of young Gentile’s “historiographical canon”; b) to emphasize that Gentile’s critical approach aims to fill up “the huge void” he spotted “at the core” of Italian thinker’s rationalism
description: Il Pensiero Italiano. Rivista di studi filosofici, Vol 2, N° 1-2 (2018)
Higher regularity for singular Kähler-Einstein metrics
Creators: name: Chiu, Shih-Kai
name: Székelyhidi, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study singular Kähler-Einstein metrics that are obtained as non-collapsed limits of polarized Kähler-Einstein manifolds. Our main result is that if the metric tangent cone at a point is locally isomorphic to the germ of the singularity, then the metric converges to the metric on its tangent cone at a polynomial rate on the level of Kähler potentials. When the tangent cone at the point has a smooth cross section, then the result implies polynomial convergence of the metric in the usual sense, generalizing a result due to Hein-Sun. We show that a similar result holds even in certain cases where the tangent cone is not locally isomorphic to the germ of the singularity. Finally we prove a rigidity result for complete $\partial\bar\partial$-exact Calabi-Yau metrics with maximal volume growth. This generalizes a result of Conlon-Hein, which applies to the case of asymptotically conical manifolds.
description: 28 pages
Q-ball collisions in the MSSM: gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking
Creators: name: Multamaki, Tuomas
name: Vilja, Iiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions of non-topological solitons, Q-balls, are considered in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model where supersymmetry has been broken at a low energy scale via a gauge mediated mechanism. Q-ball collisions are studied numerically on a two dimensional lattice for a range of Q-ball charges. Total cross-sections, as well as fusion and geometrical cross-sections are calculated. The total and geometrical cross-sections appear to converge with increasing charge. The fusion cross-section has been estimated to be larger than 60% of the geometrical cross-section for large balls.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 4 of A 14-bp insertion in endothelin receptor B-like (EDNRB2) is associated with white plumage in Chinese geese
Creators: name: Xi, Yang
name: Wang, Lei
name: Liu, Hehe
name: Ma, Shengchao
name: Li, Yanying
name: Li, Liang
name: Wang, Jiwen
name: Chunchun, Han
name: Bai, Lili
name: Mustafa, Ahsan
name: He, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. KEGG annotations of differentially expressed genes. A total of 69 pathways enriched the differentially expressed genes.
Absorptive filters for quantum circuits: Efficient fabrication and cryogenic power handling
Creators: name: Paquette, Alexandre
name: Griesmar, Joël
name: Lavoie, Gabriel
name: Albert, Romain
name: Blanchet, Florian
name: Grimm, Alexander
name: Martel, Ulrich
name: Hofheinz, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient fabrication method for absorptive microwave filters based on Eccosorb CR-124. Filters are fabricated from readily available parts and their cut-off frequency can be set by their length. They exhibit desirable properties such as a very large and deep stop band with rejection beyond 120 dB at least up to 40 GHz, more than 10 dB return loss in both the pass and the stop band as well as an error-function shaped step response without overshoot. Measurements at very low temperature show that the filters thermalize on a time scale of the order of 100 s and that they can absorb power as high as 100 nW with their noise temperature staying remarkably cool, below 100 mK. These properties make the filters ideal for cryogenic filtering and filtering of IF port signals of mixers.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Respond-CAM: Analyzing Deep Models for 3D Imaging Data by Visualizations
Creators: name: Zhao, Guannan
name: Zhou, Bo
name: Wang, Kaiwen
name: Jiang, Rui
name: Xu, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The convolutional neural network (CNN) has become a powerful tool for various biomedical image analysis tasks, but there is a lack of visual explanation for the machinery of CNNs. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm, Respond-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Respond-CAM), for making CNN-based models interpretable by visualizing input regions that are important for predictions, especially for biomedical 3D imaging data inputs. Our method uses the gradients of any target concept (e.g. the score of target class) that flows into a convolutional layer. The weighted feature maps are combined to produce a heatmap that highlights the important regions in the image for predicting the target concept. We prove a preferable sum-to-score property of the Respond-CAM and verify its significant improvement on 3D images from the current state-of-the-art approach. Our tests on Cellular Electron Cryo-Tomography 3D images show that Respond-CAM achieves superior performance on visualizing the CNNs with 3D biomedical images inputs, and is able to get reasonably good results on visualizing the CNNs with natural image inputs. The Respond-CAM is an efficient and reliable approach for visualizing the CNN machinery, and is applicable to a wide variety of CNN model families and image analysis tasks.
Giovanni Gentile e la lingua della modernità
Creators: name: Faraone, Rosella
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Messina - DICAM
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gentile; Dante; Petrarca; Modern Philosophy; Language.

description: This article focuses on the relatedness between modernity and philosophical language, as set up by Giovanni Gentile. Gentile brings the origins of modern Italian philosophy back to Dante’s and Petrarca’s use of language. In his view, modernity begins when individuality started to mark the philosophical idiom and asserted its rights against any transcendent authority. Paradoxically, this happened through the Latin used by the Humanists.
description: Il Pensiero Italiano. Rivista di studi filosofici, Vol 2, N° 1-2 (2018)
Post-FEC BER Benchmarking for Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation with Probabilistic Shaping
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tsuyoshi
name: Alvarado, Alex
name: Karlsson, Magnus
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate performance benchmarking after forward error correction (FEC) decoding is essential for system design in optical fiber communications. Generalized mutual information (GMI) has been shown to be successful at benchmarking the bit-error rate (BER) after FEC decoding (post-FEC BER) for systems with soft-decision (SD) FEC without probabilistic shaping (PS). However, GMI is not relevant to benchmark post-FEC BER for systems with SD-FEC and PS. For such systems, normalized GMI (NGMI), asymmetric information (ASI), and achievable FEC rate have been proposed instead. They are good at benchmarking post-FEC BER or to give an FEC limit in bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) with PS, but their relation has not been clearly explained so far. In this paper, we define generalized L-values under mismatched decoding, which are connected to the GMI and ASI. We then show that NGMI, ASI, and achievable FEC rate are theoretically equal under matched decoding but not under mismatched decoding. We also examine BER before FEC decoding (pre-FEC BER) and ASI over Gaussian and nonlinear fiber-optic channels with approximately matched decoding. ASI always shows better correlation with post-FEC BER than pre-FEC BER for BICM with PS. On the other hand, post-FEC BER can differ at a given ASI when we change the bit mapping, which describes how each bit in a codeword is assigned to a bit tributary.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Mechanistic insight into water exchange and aqua/fluoride ligand substitution reactions on aqueous species of Al, Ga and In
Creators: name: Jin, Xiao-Yan
name: Li, Hui-Quan
name: Huang, Zheng-Jie
name: Xue-Yue Jiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Two ligand substitution reactions on aqueous complexes of Al, Ga and In, water-exchange and aqua/fluoride substitution reactions, were investigated using density functional theory (DFT), and the preferred substituted mechanisms were estimated based on the activated energy barriers. A series of mechanistic changeovers were found and interpreted at the molecular level. Four factors influencing substitution mechanisms were summarized, i.e. the size of central metal ions, the volume of entering ligands, the charge of clusters, and structural rigidity. The present study provides an approach to probe the ligand substitution mechanism of some reactions inaccessible experimentally.
Corwin-Greenleaf multiplicity function for compact extensions of the Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Halima, Majdi Ben
name: Messaoud, Anis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E20, 22E45, 22E27, 53C30

description: Let $\mathbb{H}_n$ be the $(2n+1)$-dimensional Heisenberg group and $K$ a closed subgroup of $U(n)$ acting on $\mathbb{H}_n$ by automorphisms such that $(K,\mathbb{H}_n)$ is a Gelfand pair. Let $G=K\ltimes\mathbb{H}_n$ be the semidirect product of $K$ and $\mathbb{H}_n$. Let $\mathfrak{g}\supset\mathfrak{k}$ be the respective Lie algebras of $G$ and $K$, and $\operatorname{pr}: \mathfrak{g}^{*}\longrightarrow\mathfrak{k}^{*}$ the natural projection. For coadjoint orbits $\mathcal{O}^{G}\subset\mathfrak{g}^{*}$ and $\mathcal{O}^{K}\subset\mathfrak{k}^{*}$, we denote by $n\big(\mathcal{O}^{G},\mathcal{O}^{K}\big)$ the number of $K$-orbits in $\mathcal{O}^{G}\cap \operatorname{pr}^{-1}(\mathcal{O}^{K})$, which is called the Corwin-Greenleaf multiplicity function. In this paper, we give two sufficient conditions on $\mathcal{O}^G$ in order that $$n\big(\mathcal{O}^G,\mathcal{O}^K\big)\leq 1\:\:\text{for any $K$-coadjoint orbit}\:\:\mathcal{O}^{K}\subset\mathfrak{k}^{*}.$$ For $K=U(n)$, assuming furthermore that $\mathcal{O}^{G}$ and $\mathcal{O}^{K}$ are admissible and denoting respectively by $π$ and $τ$ their corresponding irreducible unitary representations, we also discuss the relationship between $n\big(\mathcal{O}^G,\mathcal{O}^K\big)$ and the multiplicity $m(π,τ)$ of $τ$ in the restriction of $π$ to $K$. Especially, we study in Theorem 4 the case where $n(\mathcal{O}^{G},\mathcal{O}^{K})\neq m(π,τ)$. This inequality is interesting because we expect the equality as the naming of the Corwin-Greenleaf multiplicity function suggests.
Unification of q-exponential function and related q-numbers and polynomials
Creators: name: Mahmudov, N. I.
name: Momenzadeh, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and investigate a class of generalized Bernoulli polynomials and Euler polynomials based on the generating function. we unify all forms of q-exponential functions by one more parameter. we study some conditions on this parameter to related this to some classical results for q-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials.
A mean-field analysis of a network behavioural-epidemic model
Creators: name: Frieswijk, Kathinka
name: Zino, Lorenzo
name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Rizzo, Alessandro
name: Cao, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The spread of an epidemic disease and the population's collective behavioural response are deeply intertwined, influencing each other's evolution. Such a co-evolution typically has been overlooked in mathematical models, limiting their real-world applicability. To address this gap, we propose and analyse a behavioural-epidemic model, in which a susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemic model and an evolutionary game-theoretic decision-making mechanism concerning the use of self-protective measures are coupled. Through a mean-field approach, we characterise the asymptotic behaviour of the system, deriving conditions for global convergence to a disease-free equilibrium and characterising the endemic equilibria of the system and their (local) stability. Interestingly, for a certain range of the model parameters, we prove global convergence to a limit cycle, characterised by periodic epidemic outbreaks.
description: Accepted for publication by IEEE Control Systems Letters (L-CSS)
Tachyons and Black Hole Horizons in Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Kabat, Daniel
name: Lifschytz, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any probe which crosses the horizon of a black hole should be absorbed. In M(atrix) theory, for 0-brane probes of Schwarzschild black holes, we argue that the relevant absorption mechanism is a tachyon instability which sets in at the horizon. We give qualitative arguments, and some quantitative large-N calculations, in support of this claim. The tachyon instability provides an attractive mechanism for infalling matter to be captured and thermalized by a Schwarzschild black hole.
description: LaTeX, 24 pages, one EPSF figure. v2: minor edits, added references. v3: added discussion of extremal black holes, version to appear in JHEP
Performance Monitoring for Live Systems with Soft FEC and Multilevel Modulation
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tsuyoshi
name: Mazur, Mikael
name: Schröder, Jochen
name: Karlsson, Magnus
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Performance monitoring is an essential function for margin measurements in live systems. Historically, system budgets have been described by the Q-factor converted from the bit error rate (BER) under binary modulation and direct detection. The introduction of hard-decision forward error correction (FEC) did not change this. In recent years technologies have changed significantly to comprise coherent detection, multilevel modulation and soft FEC. In such advanced systems, different metrics such as (nomalized) generalized mutual information (GMI/NGMI) and asymmetric information (ASI) are regarded as being more reliable. On the other hand, Q budgets are still useful because pre-FEC BER monitoring is established in industry for live system monitoring.
 The pre-FEC BER is easily estimated from available information of the number of flipped bits in the FEC decoding, which does not require knowledge of the transmitted bits that are unknown in live systems. Therefore, the use of metrics like GMI/NGMI/ASI for performance monitoring has not been possible in live systems. However, in this work we propose a blind soft-performance estimation method. Based on a histogram of log-likelihood-values without the knowledge of the transmitted bits, we show how the ASI can be estimated.
 We examined the proposed method experimentally for 16 and 64-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and probabilistically shaped 16, 64, and 256-QAM in recirculating loop experiments. We see a relative error of 3.6%, which corresponds to around 0.5 dB signal-to-noise ratio difference for binary modulation, in the regime where the ASI is larger than the assumed FEC threshold. For this proposed method, the digital signal processing circuitry requires only a minimal additional function of storing the L-value histograms before the soft-decision FEC decoder.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Modélisation et analyse spatiale en utilisant le GRASS SIG: transformations géoarchéologiques dans les territoires fluvio-littorales côtières du province de Languedoc, France (Research Proposal for the Bourse Archimede 2016)
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Modélisation et analyse spatiale en utilisant le GRASS SIG: transformations géoarchéologiques dans les territoires fluvio-littorales côtières du province de Languedoc, France
Magic and communicative competencies in the educational context
Creators: name: Ruiz Sánchez de León, José M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology

description: Romero-Luis., M. y Ruiz-Sánchez de León, J.M. (2024). Magic and communicative competencies in the educational context. A systematic review. Ymer, 22(12), 1446-1468.Illusionism and magic tricks can be used as pedagogical strategies to promote social, personal, and cognitive skills, but the effects of magic on the development of communication skills in the educational field continue to be explored, which is why this study seeks to investigate How the use of magic tricks in classrooms can contribute to strengthening communicative interactions between the teacher and students. For this purpose, through a systematic review of the literature, 28 documents obtained from the Scopus and ProQuest databases, written on any date in English, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish, were analyzed, discarding those of doubtful scientific credibility or those that did not contribute to answer the research question. The results reveal the symbolic power of acts of magic, which can become acts of language and, consequently, assume a pragmatic, cognitive and strictly communicational function, which facilitates the creation of a climate of trust and cooperation in the classroom and engages students both cognitively and emotionally. It is also inferred that the truly important aspect underlying the use of magic tricks in the classroom is the communicative impact that gravitates around them. The article ends by showing suggestions for future research aimed at deepening knowledge of this object of study.
Additional file 2 of YAP1 plays a key role of the conversion of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts that contribute to prostate cancer progression
Creators: name: Shen, Tianyu
name: Li, Yang
name: Zhu, Shimiao
name: Yu, Jianpeng
name: Zhang, Boya
name: Chen, Xuanrong
name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Ma, Yuan
name: Niu, Yuanjie
name: Shang, Zhiqun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. YAP1 promotes the proliferation of CAFs A. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of YAP1 and α-SMA after siSRC transfection of CAFs. GAPDH was used as an endogenous reference gene. B. CAFs were treated with vehicle or 10 μM VP for 24 h. The cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins were extracted and measured by western blot. C-D. The MTT assay detected the proliferation of CAFs after YAP1 expression was inhibited by siRNA or VP (10 μM). The absorbance value at a wavelength of 570 nm was detected (*P < 0.05). E. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of YAP1 and α-SMA after YAP1 was overexpressed. F. The MTT assay detected the proliferation of CAFs after YAP1 was overexpressed. The absorbance value at a wavelength of 570 nm was detected (*P < 0.05)
Big Data in Archaeology, l'équipe Archéologie des Milieux et des Ressources - ASM, France (Application for the Bourse Archimede 2016)
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Ce thèse se situe au contact pluridisciplinaire: d'une part, l'histoire de la société et l'occupation humaine des territoires, et d'autre part, la dynamique des phénomènes naturels (géographie) et la transformation des paysages visualisée par des méthodes cartographique (l'application de SIG pour l'analyse géospatial). La zone d'étude se situe à la sud de Languedoc-Roussillon. Le but de cette étude est de caractériser les relations qui se sont établies entre la nature et les sociétés humaines en développent une méthode pour visualiser la dynamique d'occupation des côtières de Moyen Âge jusqu'à aujourd'hui. L'étude propose l'utilisation de données massives SIG pour l'investigation de développement des zones côtières de sud Languedoc. La solution pour atteindre cet but est le développement d'une approche intégrée et perspective, récemment beaucoup discuté, «le Big Data en Archéologie», en utilisant le SIG pour le traitement des données massives: pluridisciplinaire, multi-temporelles, multi-sources, en diffèrent format et d'échelle spatial, même fragmentaires. Le projet contribuera aussi a conservation du patrimoine naturel et historique.
Corwin-Greenleaf multiplicity function for compact extensions of $\mathbb{R}^n$
Creators: name: Halima, Majdi Ben
name: Messaoud, Anis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E20, 22E45, 22E27, 53C30

description: Let $G=K\ltimes\mathbb{R}^n$, where $K$ is a compact connected subgroup of $O(n)$ acting on $\mathbb{R}^n$ by rotations. Let $\mathfrak{g}\supset\mathfrak{k}$ be the respective Lie algebras of $G$ and $K$, and $pr: \mathfrak{g}^{*}\longrightarrow\mathfrak{k}^{*}$ the natural projection. For admissible coadjoint orbits $\mathcal{O}^{G}\subset\mathfrak{g}^{*}$ and $\mathcal{O}^{K}\subset\mathfrak{k}^{*}$, we denote by $n(\mathcal{O}^{G},\mathcal{O}^{K})$ the number of $K$-orbits in $\mathcal{O}^{G}\cap pr^{-1}(\mathcal{O}^{K})$, which is called the Corwin-Greenleaf multiplicity function. Let $π\in\widehat{G}$ and $τ\in\widehat{K}$ be the unitary representations corresponding, respectively, to $\mathcal{O}^G$ and $\mathcal{O}^K$ by the orbit method. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between $n(\mathcal{O}^G,\mathcal{O}^K)$ and the multiplicity $m(π,τ)$ of $τ$ in the restriction of $π$ to $K$. If $π$ is infinite-dimensional and the associated little group is connected, we show that $n(\mathcal{O}^G,\mathcal{O}^K)\neq 0$ if and only if $m(π,τ)\neq 0$. Furthermore, for $K=SO(n)$, $n\geq 3$, we give a sufficient condition on the representations $π$ and $τ$ in order that $n(\mathcal{O}^G,\mathcal{O}^K)=m(π,τ)$.
Replicate, Reuse, Repeat: Capturing Non-Linear Communication via Session Types and Graded Modal Types
Creators: name: Marshall, Danielle
name: Orchard, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.3; D.3.2; F.3.2

description: Session types provide guarantees about concurrent behaviour and can be understood through their correspondence with linear logic, with propositions as sessions and proofs as processes. However, a strictly linear setting is somewhat limiting, since there exist various useful patterns of communication that rely on non-linear behaviours. For example, shared channels provide a way to repeatedly spawn a process with binary communication along a fresh linear session-typed channel. Non-linearity can be introduced in a controlled way in programming through the general concept of graded modal types, which are a framework encompassing various kinds of coeffect typing (describing how computations make demands on their context). This paper shows how graded modal types can be leveraged alongside session types to enable various non-linear concurrency behaviours to be re-introduced in a precise manner in a type system with a linear basis. The ideas here are demonstrated using Granule, a functional programming language with linear, indexed, and graded modal types.
description: In Proceedings PLACES 2022, arXiv:2203.12142
Quantum Transport Equations for a Scalar Field
Creators: name: Joyce, Michael
name: Kainulainen, Kimmo
name: Prokopec, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive quantum Boltzmann equations from Schwinger-Dyson equations in gradient expansion for a weakly coupled scalar field theory with a spatially varying mass. We find that at higher order in gradients a full description of the system requires specifying not only an on shell distribution function but also a finite number of its derivatives, or equivalently its higher moments. These derivatives describe quantum coherence arising as a consequence of localization in position space. We then show that in the limit of frequent scatterings coherent quantum effects are suppressed, and the transport equations reduce to the single Boltzmann equation for particle density, in which particles flow along modified semiclassical trajectories in phase space.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX with epsf macro
Additional file 5 of A 14-bp insertion in endothelin receptor B-like (EDNRB2) is associated with white plumage in Chinese geese
Creators: name: Xi, Yang
name: Wang, Lei
name: Liu, Hehe
name: Ma, Shengchao
name: Li, Yanying
name: Li, Liang
name: Wang, Jiwen
name: Chunchun, Han
name: Bai, Lili
name: Mustafa, Ahsan
name: He, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Complete sequence of grey goose CDS. A pair of primers was used to amplify the complete CDS sequence of gray goose, totaling 1359â€‰bp.
Climates of Warm Earth-like Planets I: 3-D Model Simulations
Creators: name: Way, M. J.
name: Del Genio, A. D.
name: Aleinov, I.
name: Clune, T. L.
name: Kelley, M.
name: Kiang, N. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large ensemble of simulations of an Earth-like world with increasing insolation and rotation rate. Unlike previous work utilizing idealized aquaplanet configurations we focus our simulations on modern Earth-like topography. The orbital period is the same as modern Earth, but with zero obliquity and eccentricity. The atmosphere is 1 bar N$_{2}$-dominated with CO$_{2}$=400 ppmv and CH$_{4}$=1 ppmv. The simulations include two types of oceans; one without ocean heat transport (OHT) between grid cells as has been commonly used in the exoplanet literature, while the other is a fully coupled dynamic bathtub type ocean. The dynamical regime transitions that occur as day length increases induce climate feedbacks producing cooler temperatures, first via the reduction of water vapor with increasing rotation period despite decreasing shortwave cooling by clouds, and then via decreasing water vapor and increasing shortwave cloud cooling, except at the highest insolations. Simulations without OHT are more sensitive to insolation changes for fast rotations while slower rotations are relatively insensitive to ocean choice. OHT runs with faster rotations tend to be similar with gyres transporting heat poleward making them warmer than those without OHT. For slower rotations OHT is directed equator-ward and no high latitude gyres are apparent. Uncertainties in cloud parameterization preclude a precise determination of habitability but do not affect robust aspects of exoplanet climate sensitivity. This is the first paper in a series that will investigate aspects of habitability in the simulations presented herein. The datasets from this study are opensource and publicly available.
description: 27 pages ApJS accepted. Expanded Introduction and several additional figures