cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hexokinase 2 is important for tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Anderson, Marybeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 4th leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. The majority of PDAC patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease, where treatment options are limited to cytotoxic chemotherapies that provide modest improvements in overall survival. Over 95% of PDAC tumors contain activating mutations in the oncogene KRAS, causing constitutive activation of key pathways promoting cancer cell proliferation, metabolism, and survival. Direct targeting of KRAS and its canonical effector pathways has proven ineffective for the treatment of advanced PDAC, suggesting that additional processes required for KRAS-driven tumorigenesis may be therapeutically beneficial. Metabolic reprogramming and increased glucose uptake were required for tumor growth in a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC, suggesting that this pathway is important for PDAC tumorigenesis. We found the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) to be significantly upregulated in primary PDAC tumors and PDAC metastases. Increased expression of HK2 was associated with poor overall survival after curative surgery, suggesting that HK2 promotes aggressive tumor biology. HK2 was shown to be both necessary and sufficient for regulating glycolysis, primary tumor growth and metastasis of PDAC cell lines. Pharmacologic inhibition of lactate production abrogated HK2-driven invasion in PDAC cell lines, while addition of extracellular lactate promoted invasion, suggesting that HK2 promotes metastasis by regulating glycolysis. Given this, direct inhibition of HK2 or lactate production may be a promising approach for the treatment of advanced PDAC. Because HK2 was a driver of PDAC tumor growth and metastasis, candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) were examined for their ability to function as tumor suppressors by inhibiting HK2 expression. miR-148a and miR-216b were negatively correlated with HK2 and down regulated in PDAC tumors. Both miR-148a and miR-216b interacted with the 3’UTR of HK2 and inhibited HK2 expression in PDAC cell lines, suggesting that these miRNAs directly regulate HK2 in PDAC. Restoration of miR-148a and miR-216b expression mimicked the effects of HK2 knockdown on anchorage independent growth and invasion of PDAC cell lines, suggesting a potential role for these miRNAs as inhibitors of PDAC tumor growth and metastasis via their regulation of HK2.
Four questions about the state of Warburgian studies today On the exhibition “Camere con vista. Aby Warburg, Firenze e il laboratorio delle immagini”, Firenze, Gallerie degli Uffizi, 19 settembre / 10 dicembre 2023
Creators: name: Wedepohl, Claudia; Naval, Ada (Interviewed By)
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: Warburg Institute
Gallerie degli Uffizi
Camere con vista
Bilderatlas

description: In this interview, Claudia Wedepohl, the Archivist at the Warburg Institute and co-curator of the “Camere con vista. Aby Warburg, Firenze e il laboratorio delle immagini” exhibition at the Gallerie degli Uffizi, discusses the enduring significance of Aby Warburg’s work, particularly Mnemosyne. Wedepohl emphasizes the challenge of comprehending Mnemosyne and underscores Warburg’s discovery of the power of images in political terms as a key point still relevant today. The discussion also touches upon the idea of exhibiting Warburg's original panels to recreate the laboratory-like environment he envisioned for his work.
On binary codes related to mutually quasi-unbiased weighing matrices
Creators: name: Harada, Masaaki
name: Suda, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Some mutually quasi-unbiased weighing matrices are constructed from binary codes satisfying certain conditions. Motivated by this, in this note, we study binary codes satisfying the conditions. The weight distributions of binary codes satisfying the conditions are determined. We also give a classification of binary codes of lengths $8,16$ and binary maximal codes of length $32$ satisfying the conditions. As an application, sets of $8$ mutually quasi-unbiased weighing matrices for parameters $(16,16,4,64)$ and $4$ mutually quasi-unbiased weighing matrices for parameters $(32,32,4,256)$ are constructed for the first time.
description: 14 pages
DOT: A Spatial Access Method Using Fractals
Creators: name: Faloutsos, Christos
name: Rong, Yi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing Database Management Systems (DBMSs) do
not handle efficiently multi-dimensional data such as
boxes, polygons, or even points in a multi-dimensional
space. We examine access methods for these data with
two design goals in mind: (a) efficiency in terms of
search speed and space overhead and (b) ability to be
integrated in a DBMS easily. We propose a method to
map multidimensional objects into points in a 1-
dimensional space; thus, traditional primary-key access
methods can be applied, with very few extensions on the
part of the DBMS. We propose such mappings based on
fractals; we implemented the whole method on top of a
B+-tree, along with several mappings. Simulation experiments
on several distributions of the input data show
that a modified Hilbert curve gives the best results, even
when compared to R-trees [7].
Observed tropical cyclone-driven cold wakes in the context of rapid warming of the Arabian Sea
Creators: name: Akhila, R. S.
name: Kuttippurath, J.
name: Sarojini, B. Balan
name: Chakraborty, A.
name: Rahul, R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We present a detailed long-term (1997–2019) analysis of observed cyclone-induced surface cooling (or cold wake) in the Arabian Sea. Here, the analysis is performed for 33 cyclones that drove significant cooling at the sea surface in three different seasons: the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon. Our study shows that cyclones can cool the sea surface up to 4.76° C after their passage, depending on the intensity, duration and other factors that contribute to cooling. The monsoon and pre-monsoon cyclones show stronger cooling, but the post-monsoon cyclones exhibit a longer duration (8–10 days) of cooling and slower recovery time (15 days). In general, the pre- and monsoon cyclones exhibit a strong positive correlation with the Latent Heat Flux, whereas the post-monsoon cyclones show a higher correlation with Ekman Pumping Velocity, wind stress and intensity of cyclones. The cold wake composite analysis for the El-Niño, La-Niña and Normal years shows that cyclone-induced cooling is similar in El-Niño and La-Niña years, and the cooling is more dominant during the negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) than that in the positive IOD years. Co-occurrence of positive IOD and La Niña events has led to more intense cyclones in recent decades. The power dissipation index, accumulated cyclone energy and oceanic heat content also show an increasing trend in AS and favour rapid intensification of cyclones. Since the drop in SST normally impedes cyclones from intensification, our study is important and the findings of this study will aid in tropical cyclone predictions. In response to rapid warming of Indian Ocean in recent decades, extreme events such as cyclones are expected to increase in the context of climate change.
Swiss cheeses, rational approximation and universal plane curves
Creators: name: Feinstein, J. F.
name: Heath, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46J10, Secondary 54H99

description: In this paper we consider the compact plane sets known as Swiss cheese sets, which are a useful source of examples in the theory of uniform algebras and rational approximation. We introduce a notion of 'allocation map' connected with Swiss cheeses, and we develop the theory of such maps. We use this theory to modify examples previously constructed in the literature to solve various problems, in order to obtain examples of Swiss cheese sets homeomorphic to the Sierpinski carpet which solve the same problems. In particular, this allows us to give examples of essential, regular uniform algebras on locally connected, compact plane sets. Our techniques also allow us to avoid certain technical difficulties in the literature.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
INVESTMENTS AS AN ECONOMIC CATEGORY, AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MACRO AND MICROECONOMICS
Creators: name: Umarova, Gulzoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The investment plays a crucial role as the macro -and at the micro level. In fact, they define the future of the country, separate subject of management and are the driving force in the development economy. And the attraction of foreign investments in the republic's economy and their development are instrumental in improving the productive capacity of its economy, serve as an important tool for the transfer of technical and managerial skills.
The Inscrutable Spirit of Louis Sullivan: Transcendentalism and American Architecture at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
Creators: name: Ellis, Isaiah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: This thesis examines the religious influences on Louis Henri Sullivan (1856-1924), a key figure in the birth of American modernist architecture and a prolific writer on architecture’s relationship to nature, democracy, and individual genius. Its argument is that, although implicated in and to a great extent beholden to industry’s effects on Chicago’s built environment, Sullivan was intent to raise the stakes of architectural practice and of urban aesthetics more broadly beyond crude materialism, and to do so he used transcendentalist discourses already at work in the American architectural world. With the concept of form as its key way of explaining how Sullivan connected transcendentalists’ literary productions to his material practice, this thesis charts the genealogy of Sullivan’s theory of architecture and shows how Sullivan made use of those theories in his architecture and in writings crucial to his lasting reputation.
La metáfora de la niñez como recurso literario: de la cuentística decimonónica a la narrativa del siglo XX
Creators: name: Pérez-Muñoz, Carmen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: El presente estudio trasatlántico se centra en el análisis de los personajes niños en dos cuentos de finales del siglo XIX y una novela de finales del XX. El creciente auge de la literatura infantil desde la época decimonónica influyó en gran medida en los autores, que comenzaron a valerse de dichos personajes en sus escritos con la intención de presentar y criticar ciertos aspectos de las realidades sociales que los rodeaban. Mediante la comparación de dos épocas diferentes, se explora cómo dicho recurso ha ido desarrollándose hasta convertirse en una herramienta común para los autores, así como los diferentes fines para los que se utiliza.
Dependent Session Types via Intuitionistic Linear Type Theory
Creators: name: Toninho, Bernardo
name: Caires, Luis
name: Pfenning, Frank
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop an interpretation of linear type theory as dependent session types for a term passing extension of the π-calculus. The type system allows us to express rich constraints on sessions, such as interface contracts and proof-carrying certification, which go beyond existing session type systems, and are here justified on purely logical grounds. We can further refine our interpretation using proof irrelevance to eliminate communication overhead for proofs between trusted parties. Our technical results include type preservation and global progress, which in our setting naturally imply compliance to all properties declared in interface contracts expressed by dependent types.
Enabling Enterprise Solid State Disks Performance
Creators: name: Polte, Milo
name: Jiri  Simsa
name: Gibson, Garth
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we examine two modern enterprise
Flash-based solid state devices and how varying usage patterns
influence the performance one observes from the device. We
observe that in order to achieve peak sequential and random
performance of an SSD, a workload needs to meet certain criteria
such as high degree of concurrency. We measure the performance
effects of intermediate operating system software layers between
the application and device, varying the file system, I/O Scheduler,
and whether or not the device is accessed in direct mode. Finally,
we measure and discuss how device performance may degrade
under sustained random write access across an SSD’s full address
space.
Additional file 5 of Genome-scale analysis of Arabidopsis splicing-related protein kinase families reveals roles in abiotic stress adaptation
Creators: name: Rodriguez Gallo, M. C.
name: Li, Q.
name: Devang, M.
name: Uhrig, R. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5.
Beyond Strong Coupling in a Massively Multimode Cavity
Creators: name: Sundaresan, Neereja M.
name: Liu, Yanbing
name: Sadri, Darius
name: Szocs, Laszlo J.
name: Underwood, Devin L.
name: Malekakhlagh, Moein
name: Tureci, Hakan E.
name: Houck, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of light-matter interaction has seen a resurgence in recent years, stimulated by highly controllable, precise, and modular experiments in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). The achievement of strong coupling, where the coupling between a single atom and fundamental cavity mode exceeds the decay rates, was a major milestone that opened the doors to a multitude of new investigations. Here we introduce multimode strong coupling (MMSC), where the coupling is comparable to the free spectral range (FSR) of the cavity, i.e. the rate at which a qubit can absorb a photon from the cavity is comparable to the round trip transit rate of a photon in the cavity. We realize, via the circuit QED architecture, the first experiment accessing the MMSC regime, and report remarkably widespread and structured resonance fluorescence, whose origin extends beyond cavity enhancement of sidebands. Our results capture complex multimode, multiphoton processes, and the emergence of ultranarrow linewidths. Beyond the novel phenomena presented here, MMSC opens a major new direction in the exploration of light-matter interactions.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. References added, typos corrected
Outsourcing Counter-insurgency: State Investment in Pro-government Militias as a Response to Rebel Strength
Creators: name: Donahue, Bailee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In India, Nigeria, and Iraq, the government has invested in the capacity of PGMs despite the associated risks. This paper attempts to address under what conditions do governments invest in PGMs during civil wars. I argue that the degree to which a government is willing to invest in a PGM is mediated by the relative threat imposed by the rebel group(s) that the government is facing during the civil war. Governments facing relatively weak PGMs are more likely to invest in PGMs to create effective counter-insurgents. The government is less concerned that a PGM that shirks its duties or defects to the rebel group will be able to shift the war in favor of the rebels. Therefore, I argue that the likelihood of investment in PGMs increases as rebels become weaker relative to the state. Using cross-national data (1989 - 2004), I find partial support for the hypothesis that governments invest in PGMs as rebels become weaker relative to the state.
title: Dataset to: Spitzenberger et al. (2006) "A preliminary revision of the genus Plecotus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) based on genetic and morphological results"
Creators: name: Spitzenberger, Friederike
name: Strelkov, Petr
name: Winkler, Hans
name: Haring, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW)
Year: 2023

description:
The phylogenetic relationships within the genus Plecotus were assessed using molecular as well as morphological methods. With only three species missing, our study is based on an almost comprehensive taxonomic sampling. The genetic analysis comprised 151 individuals from throughout the range. Sequences of two mitochondrial sections, parts of the 16S rRNA gene (16S) and of the control region (CR) were analysed. The morphological analysis of cranial and external characters comprised 697 individuals, including 10 holotypes and one lectotype. Data from 15 craniometric characters of 442 specimens were used in the multivariate analyses. The molecular data identified nine primary clades representing 11 species, 10 of which could be assigned to described taxa, whereas one was described as a new species, Plecotus strelkovi Spitzenberger sp. nov. The tree based on 16S revealed two major lineages, one consisting of only one primary clade restricted to the Mediterranean, the other consisting of eight primary clades representing Eurasian taxa. The morphological analysis revealed five additional species, two of them not described. Together with the recently described P. taivanus, P. sardus and P. balensis, which were not included in our analysis, the genus Plecotus comprises at least 19 more or less cryptic species. Phylogenetic and phenetic analyses resulted in similar but not completely concordant arrangements of the species. The proposed classification relies mainly on the tree based on 16S sequences. The current distribution indicates that 16 species can be linked to arboreal refugia, three to eremial refugia. We assume that speciation within the gleaning, rather slow flying long-eared bats is due to a multitude of disruption and isolation processes within a formerly continuous range of the broad-leaved Arcto-Tertiary forest in which Plecotus probably originated. An exact calibrated molecular dating of the splits is not possible. The Early Oligocene age of the presumed ancestor of the Plecotini and a correlation of the molecular diversifications with palaeogeographic reconstructions suggest that the divergence of the two major lineages may have occurred already during the Middle Miocene, 14.5 Mya.
Thermal Runaway During the Evolution of ONeMg Cores towards Accretion-Induced Collapse
Creators: name: Schwab, Josiah
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Bildsten, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of degenerate electron cores primarily composed of the carbon burning products oxygen, neon, and magnesium (hereafter ONeMg cores) that are undergoing compression. Electron capture reactions on A=20 and A=24 isotopes reduce the electron fraction and heat the core. We develop and use a new capability of the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) stellar evolution code that provides a highly accurate implementation of these key reactions. These new accurate rates and the ability of MESA to perform extremely small spatial zoning demonstrates a thermal runaway in the core triggered by the temperature and density sensitivity of the Ne-20 electron capture reactions. Both analytics and numerics show that this thermal runaway does not trigger core convection, but rather leads to a centrally concentrated (r < km) thermal runaway that will subsequently launch an oxygen deflagration wave from the center of the star. We use MESA to perform a parameter study that quantifies the influence of the magnesium mass fraction, the central temperature, the compression rate, and uncertainties in the electron capture reaction rates on the ONeMg core evolution. This allows us to establish a lower limit on the central density at which the oxygen deflagration wave initiates of $ρ_c > 8.5 \times 10^9\, \textrm{g cm}^{-3}$. Based on previous work and order-of-magnitude calculations, we expect objects which ignite oxygen at or above these densities to collapse and form a neutron star. Calculations such as these are an important step in producing more realistic progenitor models for studies of the signature of accretion-induced collapse.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, 2 tables; published in MNRAS, updated to reflect published erratum
Psychobehavioral factors, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure in Korean Americans
Creators: name: Logan, Jeongok G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: High levels of psychological stress and a high prevalence of hypertension (HTN) have been reported in Korean Americans (KAs). Immigration may be one source of stress which contributes to HTN in KAs. Arterial stiffness is another cardiovascular condition which is also related to both stress and hypertension. Traditionally, arterial stiffness was viewed as the result of HTN, but longitudinal studies have shown that arterial stiffness may itself predict progression of HTN in non-hypertensive people. Thus, this study explored the associations among stressors (acculturation and time in the U.S.), psychobehavioral responses (psychological stress, chronic active coping, and stress emotions of anger, anxiety, and depression), and physiological responses (blood pressure and arterial stiffness) in KAs. In this study, a convenient sample of 102 KAs (aged 21-60 years, 60% women) was recruited. Subjects were asked to complete the seven psychobehavioral scales and a demographic questionnaire. Physiological data including weight, height, blood pressure (BP), and arterial stiffness were also measured. The collected data were analyzed using SAS (version 9.2). Descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. Age and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were the major determinants of arterial stiffness as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and augmentation index adjusted at heart rate 75 (AI_75). When age and MAP were controlled, state anger and state & trait anxiety significantly and independently predicted levels of cfPWV. Women had a significantly higher AI_75 than men. Perceived stress significantly predicted AI_75 after controlling age, MAP, and gender. Anger, anxiety, and perceived stress were related to arterial stiffness but not BP. Age was an independent predictor of cfPWV but not of BP; thus, age-associated increases in BP reported in previous studies may actually be the effect of age-associated increases and related effects of PWV on BP. More studies are needed to compare psychobehavioral factors and arterial stiffness in KAs and other racial groups, and to explore specific mechanisms by which psychobehavioral factors are implicated in the pathological process of arterial stiffness.
ОʻZBЕKISTОNDА SSSR DАVRI VА MUSTАQILLIK YILLАRIDА IMKОNIYАTI CHЕKLАNGАN SРОRTCHILАR TАRАQQIYОTI
Creators: name: Оchilоv, Tеmurbеk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Оʻzbеkistоn imkоniyаti chеklаngаn sроrtchilаrning tаrаqqiyоtidа murаkkаb, аmmо bоy tаrixgа еgа. Sоvеt dаvridа mаrkаzlаshtirilgаn tizim mаvjud bоʻlsа-dа, mustаqillikdаn kеyin milliy idеntifikаtsiyа vа rivоjlаnish yаngi yоʻllаr оchdi. Ushbu mаqоlаdа SSSR dаvri vа mustаqillik yillаridа Оʻzbеkistоndа imkоniyаti chеklаngаn sроrtchilаrning sроrtdаgi tаrаqqiyоti, yutuqlаri, qiyinchiliklаri tаhlil qilinаdi.
Differential Dynamic Logic for Verifying Parametric Hybrid Systems
Creators: name: Platzer, Andre
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a first-order dynamic logic for reasoning about
systems with discrete and continuous state transitions, and we present
a sequent calculus for this logic. As a uniform model, our logic supports
hybrid programs with discrete and differential actions. For handling real
arithmetic during proofs, we lift quantifier elimination to dynamic logic.
To obtain a modular combination, we use side deductions for verifying
interacting dynamics. With this, our logic supports deductive verification
of hybrid systems with symbolic parameters and first-order definable
flows. Using our calculus, we prove a parametric inductive safety
constraint for speed supervision in a train control system.
Enhanced third harmonic generation from the epsilon-near-zero modes of ultrathin films
Creators: name: Luk, Ting S.
name: de Ceglia, Domenico
name: Liu, Sheng
name: Keeler, Gordon A.
name: Prasankumar, Rohit P.
name: Vincenti, Maria A.
name: Scalora, Michael
name: Sinclair, Michael B.
name: Campione, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate efficient third harmonic generation from an indium tin oxide (ITO) nanofilm (lambda/42 thick) on a glass substrate for a pump wavelength of 1.4 um. A conversion efficiency of 3.3x10^-6 is achieved by exploiting the field enhancement properties of the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) mode with an enhancement factor of 200. This nanoscale frequency conversion method is applicable to other plasmonic materials and reststrahlen materials in proximity of the longitudinal optical phonon frequencies.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 10 of Conservation and divergence of canonical and non-canonical imprinting in murids
Creators: name: Richard Albert, Julien
name: Kobayashi, Toshihiro
name: Inoue, Azusa
name: Monteagudo-Sánchez, Ana
name: Kumamoto, Soichiro
name: Takashima, Tomoya
name: Miura, Asuka
name: Oikawa, Mami
name: Miura, Fumihito
name: Takada, Shuji
name: Hirabayashi, Masumi
name: Korthauer, Keegan
name: Kurimoto, Kazuki
name: Greenberg, Maxim V. C.
name: Lorincz, Matthew
name: Kobayashi, Hisato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. Review history.
Unified description of $^6$Li structure and deuterium-$^4$He dynamics with chiral two- and three-nucleon forces
Creators: name: Hupin, Guillaume
name: Quaglioni, Sofia
name: Navrátil, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prototype for the study of weakly bound projectiles colliding on stable targets, the scattering of deuterium ($d$) on $^4$He ($α$) is an important milestone in the search for a fundamental understanding of low-energy reactions. At the same time, it is also important for its role in the Big-bang nucleosynthesis of $^6$Li and applications in the characterization of deuterium impurities in materials. We present the first unified {\em ab initio} study of the $^6$Li ground state and $d$-$^4$He elastic scattering using two- and three-nucleon forces derived within the framework of chiral effective field theory. The six-nucleon bound-state and scattering observables are calculated by means of the no-core shell model with continuum. %and are compared to available experimental data. We analyze the influence of the dynamic polarization of the deuterium and of the chiral three-nucleon force, and examine the role of the continuum degrees of freedom in shaping the low-lying spectrum of $^6$Li. We find that the adopted Hamiltonian correctly predicts the binding energy of $^6$Li, yielding an asymptotic $D$- to $S$-state ratio of the $^6$Li wave function in $d+α$ configuration of $-0.027$ in agreement with the value determined from a phase shift analysis of $^6$Li+$^4$He elastic scattering, but overestimates the excitation energy of the first $3^+$ state by $350$ keV. The bulk of the computed differential cross section is in good agreement with data.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Developmentally-appropriate Primary Reading Assessment: Can It Be Achieved in an Environment of High-Stakes Accountability?
Creators: name: Fine, Catherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA), an informal reading assessment that is more aligned with the sociocultural/constructivist theory of learning and the beliefs of early childhood educators, can be used to predict student performance on state-mandated reading achievement tests in North Carolina and Kentucky. This research sought to determine the effectiveness of four primary reading assessments (the DRA, the North Carolina Pretest of Reading Comprehension (NC Reading Pretest), the Scholastic Reading Inventory (SRI), and the Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Evaluation (GRADE) in predicting student reading achievement on state-mandated reading assessments (the North Carolina End-of-Grade Test of Reading Comprehension and the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills (CTBS) Total Reading Component). Four thousand five hundred fifteen (4,515) students, representing all the second graders and cohort third graders in the Durham (NC) Public Schools (1999-2000 and 2000-2001) and Fayette County (KY) Public Schools (2000-2001 and 2001-2002) and 647 third graders from twelve Fayette County Public Schools that received Reading First or Read to Achieve grants (2004-2005) served as the sample population. Using correlations and multiple regression analyses, data from the DRA, NC Reading Pretest, SRI, and GRADE were analyzed to ascertain their relationships with the state-mandated reading assessments when controlling for gender, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Correlations between the primary reading assessment and its corresponding state-mandated reading assessment were strong (0.6087-0.8514). Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that on all assessments except the 2004-2005 CTBS and GRADE, females outperform males, and Whites and Asians achieved higher scores than Blacks and Hispanics. Regardless of the assessment used, Hispanics achieved significantly lower scores than their peers, and students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds achieved significantly lower scores than students from higher socioeconomic backgrounds. Statistical models were used to determine the extent to which student performance on the primary reading assessment predicts student performance on the state-mandated reading assessment when controlling for all independent variables. Findings indicate that student performance on all primary reading assessments studied are valid predictors of student performance on the corresponding state-mandated reading achievement test. Therefore, the use of the Developmental Reading Assessment is validated.
Teachers, Learners and Oracles
Creators: name: Beros, Achilles A.
name: de la Higuera, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We exhibit a family of computably enumerable sets which can be learned within polynomial resource bounds given access only to a teacher, but which requires exponential resources to be learned given access only to a membership oracle. In general, we compare the families that can be learned with and without teachers and oracles for four measures of efficient learning.
Qualities of Sequential Chromospheric Brightenings Observed in Optical and UV Images
Creators: name: Kirk, Michael S.
name: Balasubramaniam, K. S.
name: Jackiewicz, Jason
name: McAteer, R. T. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chromospheric flare ribbons observed in H-alpha appear well-organized when first examined: ribbons impulsively brighten, morphologically evolve, and exponentially decay back to pre-flare levels. Upon closer inspection of H-alpha flares, there is often a significant number of compact areas brightening in concert with the flare eruption but are spatially separated from the evolving flare ribbon. One class of these brightenings is known as sequential chromospheric brightenings (SCBs). SCBs are often observed in the intimidate vicinity of erupting flares and are associated with coronal mass ejections. In the past decade there have been several previous investigations of SCBs. These studies have exclusively relied upon H-alphaimages to discover and analyze these ephemeral brightenings. This work employs the automated detection algorithm of Kirk et al. (2011) to extract the physical qualities of SCBs in observations of ground-based H-alpha images and complementary AIA images in HeII, Civ, and 1700 Å. The meta-data produced in this tracking process are then culled using complementary Doppler velocities to isolate three distinguishable types of SCBs. From a statistical analysis, we find that the SCBs at the chromospheric H-alpha layer appear earlier, and last longer than their corresponding signatures measured in AIA. From this multi-layer analysis, we infer that SCBs are spatially constrained to the mid-chromosphere. We also derive an energy budget to explain SCBs in which SCBs have a postulated energy of not more than 0.01% of the total flare energy.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, ApJ
Teacher Effectiveness and Causal Inference in Observational Studies
Creators: name: Rose, Roderick
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: An important target of education policy is to improve overall teacher effectiveness using evidence-based policies. Randomized control trials (RCTs), which randomly assign study participants or groups of participants to treatment and control conditions, are not always practical or possible and observational studies using rigorous quasi-experimental or comparison group methods must frequently be used. Each of the three studies in this dissertation examines a facet of teacher effectiveness that can be used to inform policy while also contributing to scholarship in the area of causal inference from observational data. First, estimating or measuring individual-level teacher effectiveness using student value-added requires models that are robust to observational data. Second, teacher participation in a teaching intervention does not necessarily imply compliance with the treatment. The factors that interfere in compliance are non-random such that understanding the role of the hypothesized process in an RCT requires observational methods. Third, if observational methods such as propensity score analysis offer credible evidence of causality, they may be useful for examining efficacious interventions that are taken to scale in non-random settings. These issues place observational designs and methods at the center of efforts to study evidence-based teaching and teaching practices.
Salvia Stepposa Des.-Schost essential oil: GC-MS analysis, antibacterial activity and effect on the formation of Streptococcus Mutans biofilms
Creators: name: Levaya, Yana
name: Atazhanova, Gayane
name: Kacergius, Tomas
name: Ivasenko, Svetlana
name: Marchenko, Alexandr
name: Ishmuratova, Margarita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Natural products and bioactive compounds

description: Salvia stepposa Des.-Schost essential oil (SSEO) obtained using a Clevenger apparatus by hydrodistillation approach. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analysed by GC-MS. In this study SSEO was screened of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans and the amount of biofilm formed by Streptococcus mutans bacteria.
Diffusion kernels on statistical manifolds
Creators: name: Lafferty, John
name: Lebanon, Guy
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "A family of kernels for statistical learning is introduced that exploits the geometric structure of statistical models. The kernels are based on the heat equation on the Riemannian manifold defined by the Fisher information metric associated with a statistical family, and generalize the Gaussian kernel of Euclidean space. As an important special case, kernels based on the geometry of multinomial families are derived, leading to kernel-based learning algorithms that apply naturally to discrete data. Bounds on covering numbers and Rademacher averages for the kernels are proved using bounds on the eigenvalues of the Laplacian on Riemannian manifolds. Experimental results are presented for document classification, for which the use of multinomial geometry is natural and well motivated, and improvements are obtained over the standard use of Gaussian or linear kernels, which have been the standard for text classification."
Coevolutionary intransitivity in games: A landscape analysis
Creators: name: Richter, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Intransitivity is supposed to be a main reason for deficits in coevolutionary progress and inheritable superiority. Besides, coevolutionary dynamics is characterized by interactions yielding subjective fitness, but aiming at solutions that are superior with respect to an objective measurement. Such an approximation of objective fitness may be, for instance, generalization performance. In the paper a link between rating-- and ranking--based measures of intransitivity and fitness landscapes that can address the dichotomy between subjective and objective fitness is explored. The approach is illustrated by numerical experiments involving a simple random game with continuously tunable degree of randomness.
Early experience with an internet broadcast system based on overlay multicast
Creators: name: Chu, Yang-Hua
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "In this paper, we report on experience in building and deploying an operational Internet broadcast system based on Overlay Multicast. In over a year, the system has been providing a cost-effective alternative for Internet broadcast, used by over 3600 users spread across multiple continents in home, academic and commercial environments. Technical conferences and special interest groups are the early adopters. Our experience confirms that Overlay Multicast can be easily deployed and can provide reasonably good application performance. The experience has led us to identify first-order issues that are guiding our future efforts and are of importance to any Overlay Multicast protocol or system. Our key contributions are (i) enabling a real Overlay Multicast application and strengthening the case for overlays as a viable architecture for enabling group communication applications on the Internet, (ii) the details in engineering and operating a fully functional streaming system, addressing a wide range of real-world issues that are not typically considered in protocol design studies, and (iii) the data, analysis methodology, and experience that we are able to report given our unique standpoint."
Reanalyzing the visible colors of Centaurs and KBOs: what is there and what we might be missing
Creators: name: Peixinho, Nuno
name: Delsanti, Audrey
name: Doressoundiram, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Visible colors (BVRI) are a reasonable proxy for real spectra of Centaurs and Kuiper Belt Objects, which are rather linear in this range. Colors provide limited information but remain the best tool to study the bulk surface properties. We explore recurrent effects in the study of visible colors: i) how a correlation could be missed or weakened as a result of the data error bars, ii) the "risk" of missing an existing trend because of low sampling, and the possibility of making quantified predictions on the sample size needed to detect a trend at a given significance level, iii) the use of partial correlations to distinguish the mutual effect of two or more parameters, and iv) the sensitivity of the "reddening line" tool to the central wavelength of the filters used. We have compiled the visible colors of about 370 objects available in the literature and carried out an analysis per dynamical family. Our results show how a) data error bars impose a limit on the detectable correlations regardless of sample size and that therefore, once that limit is achieved, it is important to diminish the error bars, but it is pointless to enlarge the sampling with the same or larger errors; b) almost all dynamical families still require larger samplings to ensure the detection of correlations stronger than 0.5; c) the correlation strength between (V-R) vs. (R-I) is systematically lower than the one between (B-V) vs. (V-R) and is not related with error-bar differences between these colors; d) it is statistically equivalent to use any of the different flavors of orbital excitation or collisional velocity parameters regarding the color-inclination correlation of classical KBOs whereas the inclination and Tisserand parameter relative to Neptune cannot be separated from one another; and e) classical KBOs are the only dynamical family that shows neither (B-V) vs. (V-R) nor (V-R) vs. (R-I) correlations.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables (2 long tables), accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, abstract abridged
Additional file 23 of Genome-scale analysis of Arabidopsis splicing-related protein kinase families reveals roles in abiotic stress adaptation
Creators: name: Rodriguez Gallo, M. C.
name: Li, Q.
name: Devang, M.
name: Uhrig, R. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 23.
Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Ibis M. Alvarez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Preservice teachers
Initial training
Classroom management
virtual reality

description: Supplementary Material. Title of the paper "Immersive Virtual Reality to improve the competence to manage classroom climate in secondary schools". Published in the journal Educación XX1, 26, nº1 (2023)
Virtually compact special hyperbolic groups are conjugacy separable
Creators: name: Minasyan, Ashot
name: Zalesskii, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E26, 20F67

description: We prove that any word hyperbolic group which is virtually compact special (in the sense of Haglund and Wise) is conjugacy separable. As a consequence we deduce that all word hyperbolic Coxeter groups and many classical small cancellation groups are conjugacy separable. To get the main result we establish a new criterion for showing that elements of prime order are conjugacy distinguished. This criterion is of independent interest; its proof is based on a combination of discrete and profinite (co)homology theories.
description: 16 pages. Final version, to appear in Comm. Math. Helv
Additional file 1 of Conservation and divergence of canonical and non-canonical imprinting in murids
Creators: name: Richard Albert, Julien
name: Kobayashi, Toshihiro
name: Inoue, Azusa
name: Monteagudo-Sánchez, Ana
name: Kumamoto, Soichiro
name: Takashima, Tomoya
name: Miura, Asuka
name: Oikawa, Mami
name: Miura, Fumihito
name: Takada, Shuji
name: Hirabayashi, Masumi
name: Korthauer, Keegan
name: Kurimoto, Kazuki
name: Greenberg, Maxim V. C.
name: Lorincz, Matthew
name: Kobayashi, Hisato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental figures 1-10.
Region-specific contribution of the ventral tegmental area to heroin-induced conditioned immunomodulation
Creators: name: Hutson, Lee
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Dopamine receptor stimulation is critical for heroin-conditioned immunomodulation; however, it is unclear whether the ventral tegmental area (VTA) contributes to this phenomenon. Hence, rats received repeated pairings of heroin with placement into a distinct environmental context. At test, they were re-exposed to the previously heroin-paired environment followed by systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment to induce an immune response. Bilateral GABA agonist-induced neural inactivation of the anterior, but not the posterior VTA, prior to context re-exposure inhibited the ability of the heroin-paired environment to suppress peripheral nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression, suggesting a role for the anterior VTA in heroin-conditioned immunomodulation.
Post-merger evolution of a neutron star-black hole binary with neutrino transport
Creators: name: Foucart, Francois
name: O'Connor, Evan
name: Roberts, Luke
name: Duez, Matthew D.
name: Haas, Roland
name: Kidder, Lawrence E.
name: Ott, Christian D.
name: Pfeiffer, Harald P.
name: Scheel, Mark A.
name: Szilagyi, Bela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first simulation of the post-merger evolution of a black hole-neutron star binary in full general relativity using an energy-integrated general relativistic truncated moment formalism for neutrino transport. We describe our implementation of the moment formalism and important tests of our code, before studying the formation phase of a disk after a black hole-neutron star merger. We use as initial data an existing general relativistic simulation of the merger of a neutron star of 1.4 solar mass with a black hole of 7 solar mass and dimensionless spin a/M=0.8. Comparing with a simpler leakage scheme for the treatment of the neutrinos, we find noticeable differences in the neutron to proton ratio in and around the disk, and in the neutrino luminosity. We find that the electron neutrino luminosity is much lower in the transport simulations, and that the remnant is less neutron-rich. The spatial distribution of the neutrinos is significantly affected by relativistic effects. Over the short timescale evolved, we do not observe purely neutrino-driven outflows. However, a small amount of material (3e-4Msun) is ejected in the polar region during the circularization of the disk. Most of that material is ejected early in the formation of the disk, and is fairly neutron rich. Through r-process nucleosynthesis, that material should produce high-opacity lanthanides in the polar region, and could thus affect the lightcurve of radioactively powered electromagnetic transients. We also show that by the end of the simulation, while the bulk of the disk is neutron-rich, its outer layers have a higher electron fraction. As that material would be the first to be unbound by disk outflows on longer timescales, the changes in Ye experienced during the formation of the disk could have an impact on the nucleosynthesis outputs from neutrino-driven and viscously-driven outflows. [Abridged]
description: 29 pages, 25 figures