cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comments on 1/16 BPS Quantum States and Classical Configurations
Creators: name: Grant, Lars
name: Grassi, Pietro A.
name: Kim, Seok
name: Minwalla, Shiraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the problem of counting 1/16 BPS states of N = 4 Yang Mills theory as the enumeration of the local cohomology of an operator acting on holomorphic fields on C^2. We study aspects of the enumeration of this cohomology at finite N, especially for operators constructed only out of products of covariant derivatives of scalar fields, and compare our results to the states obtained from the quantization of giant gravitons and dual giants. We physically interpret the holomorphic fields that enter our conditions for supersymmetry semi-classically by deriving a set of Bogomolnyi equations for 1/16-BPS bosonic field configurations in N = 4 Yang Mills theory on R^4 with reality properties and boundary conditions appropriate to radial quantization. An arbitrary solution to these equations in the free theory is parameterized by holomorphic data on C^2 and lifts to a nearby solution of the interacting Bogomolnyi equations only when the constraints equivalent to Q cohomology are obeyed.
description: 61 pages
Have We Reached Consensus? An Analysis of Distributed Systems Syllabi
Creators: name: Abad, Cristina L.
name: Ortiz-Holguin, Eduardo
name: Boza, Edwin F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.2

description: Correctly applying distributed systems concepts is important for software that seeks to be scalable, reliable and fast. For this reason, Distributed Systems is a course included in many Computer Science programs. To both describe current trends in teaching distributed systems and as a reference for educators that seek to improve the quality of their syllabi, we present a review of 51 syllabi of distributed systems courses from top Computer Science programs around the world. We manually curated the syllabi and extracted data that allowed us to identify approaches used in teaching this subject, including choice of topics, book, and paper reading list. We present our results and a discussion on whether what is being taught matches the guidelines of two important curriculum initiatives.
description: Accepted for publication at ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium 2021: https://sigcse2021.sigcse.org/ Publication DOI (already assigned by ACM): 10.1145/3408877.3432409 Dataset available at: https://zenodo.org/record/4290623#.X8ZaOWjYre8
EvryFlare III: Temperature Evolution and Habitability Impacts of Dozens of Superflares Observed Simultaneously by Evryscope and TESS
Creators: name: Howard, Ward S.
name: Corbett, Hank
name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Ratzloff, Jeffrey K.
name: Galliher, Nathan
name: Glazier, Amy L.
name: Gonzalez, Ramses
name: Soto, Alan Vasquez
name: Fors, Octavi
name: del Ser, Daniel
name: Haislip, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superflares may provide the dominant source of biologically relevant UV radiation to rocky habitable zone M-dwarf planets (M-Earths), altering planetary atmospheres and conditions for surface life. The combined line and continuum flare emission has usually been approximated by a 9000 K blackbody. If superflares are hotter, then the UV emission may be 10X higher than predicted from the optical. However, it is unknown for how long M-dwarf superflares reach temperatures above 9000 K. Only a handful of M-dwarf superflares have been recorded with multi-wavelength high-cadence observations. We double the total number of events in the literature using simultaneous Evryscope and TESS observations to provide the first systematic exploration of the temperature evolution of M-dwarf superflares. We also increase the number of superflaring M-dwarfs with published time-resolved blackbody evolution by ~10X. We measure temperatures at 2 min cadence for 42 superflares from 27 K5-M5 dwarfs. We find superflare peak temperatures (defined as the mean of temperatures corresponding to flare FWHM) increase with flare energy and impulse. We find the amount of time flares emit at temperatures above 14,000 K depends on energy. We discover 43% of the flares emit above 14,000 K, 23% emit above 20,000 K and 5% emit above 30,000 K. The largest and hottest flare briefly reached 42,000 K. Some do not reach 14,000 K. During superflares, we estimate M-Earths orbiting <200 Myr stars typically receive a top-of-atmosphere UV-C flux of ~120 W m^-2 and up to 10^3 W m^-2, 100-1000X the time-averaged XUV flux from Proxima Cen.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication to the Astrophysical Journal. In press
MEMS-based Speckle Spectrometer
Creators: name: Sheinis, A. I.
name: Nigra, L.
name: Kuhlen, M. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new concept for a MEMS-based active spatial filter for astronomical spectroscopy. The goal of this device is to allow the use of a diffraction-limited spectrometer on a seeing limited observation at improved throughput over a comparable seeing-limited spectrometer, thus reducing the size and cost of the spectrometer by a factor proportional to r0/D (For the case of a 10 meter telescope this size reduction will be approximately a factor of 25 to 50). We use a fiber-based integral field unit (IFU) that incorporates an active MEMS mirror array to feed an astronomical spectrograph. A fast camera is used in parallel to sense speckle images at a spatial resolution of lambda/D and at a temporal frequency greater than that of atmospheric fluctuations. The MEMS mirror-array is used as an active shutter to feed speckle images above a preset intensity threshold to the spectrometer, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the spectrogram. Preliminary calculations suggests an SNR improvement of a factor of about 1.4. Computer simulations have shown an SNR improvement of 1.1, but have not yet fully explored the parameter space.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, 24 - 31 May 2006, Orlando, Florida USA
Ετήσια επιμορφωτικά προγράμματα για εκπαιδευτικούς της Δευτεροβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης
Creators: name: Γραβάνη, Μαρία
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 2015

description: This paper explores critically the case of university-provided in-service training for secondary teachers in Greece, using the experience of both tutors and teachers as they embark up on it. It draws upon an exploratory study carried out with twenty-two secondary teachers and twelve university teachers in the context of two university departments. The analysis focuses on two aspects of Kirkpatrick's (1975) conceptualization of the evaluation process: reaction evaluation and learning evaluation. The findings highlighted the limitations of the event-delivery model of professional development, in particular, the vexatious relationship between theory and practice. The paper concluded with a number of recommendations related to the need for greater involvement of teachers in the organization, formulation and delivery of in-service professional development.
description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 40 (2005)
LIN ZEXU’S SECOND ACT: SETTLEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TARIM BASIN 1844–1847
Creators: name: Zhu, You Jia
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lin, Zexu, 1785-1850
subject: 林則徐
subject: Daoguang, Emperor of China, 1782-1850
subject: 道光帝
subject: Bu-yan-tai, 1791–1880
subject: 布彥泰
subject: Mujangga, 1782–1856
subject: 穆彰阿
subject: Tarim Basin
subject: Tarim River
subject: Taklamakan Desert
subject: Borderlands
subject: Xinjiang
subject: settlement
subject: migration
subject: oasis
subject: Qing Empire

description: The Qing empire’s early development of its western frontier remains an under-studied area in English and Chinese scholarship. Shortly after the First Opium War (1839–1842), the emperor turned his attention to the looming overpopulation crisis facing the empire. The Taklamakan oases of the Tarim Basin seemed to provide a ready solution: the emperor resolved to settle the landless farmers from the interior provinces in this western borderland, also known as the “Muslim Region.” In time, he argued, the migrants would become “natives,” i.e. people born of the land. When his local administrators rejected the idea, he sent the cashiered official-in-exile Lin Zexu to conduct a fact-finding trip. Drawing on the diaries, letters, and field reports of Lin Zexu, this project uses the history of an individual actor to illuminate Qing’s attempt to assimilate the Taklamakan oases via a settlement policy focused on social structure, water management, and frontier security. The project provides a useful comparison to other empires’ expansion efforts and China’s current development programs in the region.
High magnetic field ultrasound study of spin freezing in La$_{1.88}$Sr$_{0.12}$CuO$_4$
Creators: name: Frachet, M.
name: Benhabib, S.
name: Vinograd, I.
name: Wu, S. -F.
name: Vignolle, B.
name: Mayaffre, H.
name: Krämer, S.
name: Kurosawa, T.
name: Momono, N.
name: Oda, M.
name: Chang, J.
name: Proust, C.
name: Julien, M. -H.
name: LeBoeuf, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-$T_{\rm{c}}$ cuprate superconductors host spin, charge and lattice instabilities. In particular, in the antiferromagnetic glass phase, over a large doping range, lanthanum based cuprates display a glass-like spin freezing with antiferromagnetic correlations. Previously, sound velocity anomalies in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_4$ (LSCO) for hole doping $p\geq 0.145$ were reported and interpreted as arising from a coupling of the lattice to the magnetic glass [Frachet, Vinograd et al., Nat. Phys. 16, 1064-1068 (2020)]. Here we report both sound velocity and attenuation in LSCO $p=0.12$, i.e. at a doping level for which the spin freezing temperature is the highest. Using high magnetic fields and comparing with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, we confirm that the anomalies in the low temperature ultrasound properties of LSCO are produced by a coupling between the lattice and the spin glass. Moreover, we show that both sound velocity and attenuation can be simultaneously accounted for by a simple phenomenological model originally developed for canonical spin glasses. Our results point towards a strong competition between superconductivity and spin freezing, tuned by the magnetic field. A comparison of different acoustic modes suggests that the slow spin fluctuations have a nematic character.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Διερεύνηση της συναισθηματικής νοημοσύνης εφήβων με τη μέθοδο των αυτοαναφορών και της αντικειμενικής επίδοσης
Creators: name: Πλατσίδου, Μαρία
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 2015

description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 40 (2005)
The host galaxy of GRB 011121: Morphology and Spectral Energy Distribution
Creators: name: Yoldas, Aybuke Kupcu
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Greiner, Jochen
name: Pierini, Daniele
name: Pian, Elena
name: Rau, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a detailed study of the host galaxy of GRB 011121 (at z = 0.36) based on high-resolution imaging in 5 broad-band, optical and near-infrared filters with HST and VLT/ISAAC. The surface brightness profile of this galaxy is best fitted by a Sersic law with index ~ 2 - 2.5 and a rather large effective radius (~ 7.5 kpc). Both the morphological analysis and the F450W - F702W colour image suggest that the host galaxy of GRB 011121 is either a disk-system with a rather small bulge, or one hosting a central, dust-enshrouded starburst. Hence, we modeled the integrated spectral energy distribution of this galaxy by combining stellar population and radiative transfer models, assuming properties representative of nearby starburst or normal star-forming, Sbc-like galaxies. A range of plausible fitting solutions indicates that the host galaxy of GRB 011121 has a stellar mass of 3.1 - 6.9 x10^9 Msun, stellar populations with a maximum age ranging from 0.4 to 2 Gyr, and a metallicity ranging from 1 to 29 per cent of the solar value. Starburst models suggest this galaxy to be nearly as opaque as local starbursts (with an A_V = 0.27 - 0.76 mag). Alternatively, normal star-forming Sbc-like models suggest a high central opacity whereas A_V = 0.12$ -- 0.57 mag along the line of sight. For this subluminous galaxy (with L_B/Lstar_B = 0.26), we determine a model-dependent SFR of 2.4 - 9.4 Msun/yr. The SFR per unit luminosity (9.2 - 36.1 Msun/yr/(L_B/Lstar_B)) is high compared to those of most GRB host galaxies, but consistent with those of most of the hosts at similar low redshift. Our results suggest that the host galaxy of GRB 011121 is a rather large disk-system in a relatively early phase of its star formation history.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Almost Euclidean sections of the N-dimensional cross-polytope using O(N) random bits
Creators: name: Lovett, Shachar
name: Sodin, Sasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is well known that R^N has subspaces of dimension proportional to N on which the \ell_1 norm is equivalent to the \ell_2 norm; however, no explicit constructions are known. Extending earlier work by Artstein--Avidan and Milman, we prove that such a subspace can be generated using O(N) random bits.
description: 16 pages; minor changes in the introduction to make it more accessible to both Math and CS readers
Ημιαυτόματη επεξεργασία σωμάτων κειμένων στο πεδίο της βιοποικιλότητας με σκοπό την εξαγωγή ορολογίας
Creators: name: Τρούπκος, Νικόλαος Ευθυμίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: σώμα κειμένων
εξαγωγή ορολογίας
υπολογιστική γλωσσολογία
corpus
terminology extraction
computational linguistics

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εντάσσεται στο πεδίο της υπολογιστικής γλωσσολογίας και ως στόχο έχει την παρουσίαση της μεθοδολογίας που ακολουθήθηκε για την επεξεργασία ενός ειδικού σώματος κειμένων, αποτελούμενο από περιλήψεις έργων που αφορούν το πεδίο της βιοποικιλότητας, με απώτερο σκοπό την εξαγωγή σχετικής ορολογίας. Για τα διάφορα στάδια επεξεργασίας του σώματος κειμένων εξετάστηκε η χρήση και ο βαθμός αξιοποίησης διάφορων υπολογιστικών μέσων, όπως εργαλεία αυτόματης εξαγωγής ορολογίας, αναλυτές κειμένων και επισημειωτές γραμματικής κατηγορίας. Εν τέλει, βασικό εργαλείο της έρευνας αποτέλεσε ο αναλυτής Unitex, μέσω του οποίου δόθηκε η δυνατότητα αναζήτησης δεδομένων βάσει γλωσσολογικών φίλτρων. Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε χαρακτηρίζεται ως ημιαυτόματη, καθώς τα δεδομένα που προέκυψαν από τα υπολογιστικά εργαλεία εξετάστηκαν περαιτέρω με μη αυτόματο τρόπο. Αποτέλεσμα της έρευνας ήταν η εξαγωγή 861 μονολεκτικών και πολυλεκτικών όρων που χρησιμοποιούνται στο πεδίο της βιοποικιλότητας. Με αυτούς δημιουργήθηκε ένα ηλεκτρονικό λεξικό που περιλαμβάνει συνολικά 1.127 εγγραφές, ενώ παράλληλα για τους μισούς από τους εξαχθέντες όρους αναζητήθηκε ελληνική απόδοση, προκειμένου να δημιουργηθεί ένα γλωσσάρι για τον συνδυασμό γλωσσών Αγγλικά-Ελληνικά.
description: The present thesis lies in the field of computational linguistics and its objective is to present the methodology applied for processing a specialised corpus in the field of biodiversity. This corpus, consisting of project abstracts regarding biodiversity served as a basis for extracting terminology relevant to this field. For the various proscessing stages several computational tools were examined, in terms of application and practicality. These tools included automatic term extractors, text analysers and part-of-speech taggers. Ultimately, the main tool used in our research was the text analysis software Unitex, which enabled us to perform searches based on linguistic filters. The methodology applied is characterised as semi-automatic, since the data extracted from all computational tools had to be manually validated. The final product of our research was the extraction of 861 single-word and multi-word terms used in the field of biodiversity. With these terms we constructed an electronic dictionary containing a total of 1127 entries. Half of the extracted terms were further examined for greek translations, with the result being a bilingual glossary for the language combination English-Greek, totalling 323 entries.
Exact results for the Spectra of Bosons and Fermions with Contact Interaction
Creators: name: Mashkevich, Stefan
name: Matveenko, Sergey
name: Ouvry, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An N-body bosonic model with delta-contact interactions projected on the lowest Landau level is considered. For a given number of particles in a given angular momentum sector, any energy level can be obtained exactly by means of diagonalizing a finite matrix: they are roots of algebraic equations. A complete solution of the three-body problem is presented, some general properties of the N-body spectrum are pointed out, and a number of novel exact analytic eigenstates are obtained. The FQHE N-fermion model with Laplacian-delta interactions is also considered along the same lines of analysis. New exact eigenstates are proposed, along with the Slater determinant, whose eigenvalues are shown to be related to Catalan numbers.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX 2e
Seamus Heaney: The Poet as Ethnographer
Creators: name: Avila, Eileen
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Poetry, Modern
subject: Ethnography
subject: Northern Ireland
subject: Dinnseanchas
subject: Crafts
subject: Irish Troubles
subject: Sectarian Violence
subject: Archaeology
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Heaney, Seamus
subject: Crediting Poetry
subject: Classicism
subject: Culture
subject: Myth
subject: Halfie
subject: Ritual
subject: Complicity

description: Anthropologist James Clifford describes ethnography as “a state of being in culture while looking at culture, a form of personal and collective self-fashioning.” Many poems of Seamus Heaney (1939-2013), particularly his early ones, read like ethnographies of everyday rural life in mid-century Northern Ireland, providing firsthand knowledge of farming, crafts, the Ulster dialect, and the rituals and history of his homeland. Heaney’s work celebrates the Irish values of hard work, family loyalty, personal warmth, humor and perseverance in the face of adversity, but it also highlights the violence and complicity of his culture, particularly in relation to the sectarian strife of the Irish Troubles (1969-1998). As Heaney’s renown as a poet grew, his “halfie” identity as a native-born Irishman who was also a British intellectual with a global readership served to expand his perspective. His myth-based poems, especially those written toward the end of the Troubles, transformed his ethnographic approach into a more universal vision of humanity, while maintaining the connection to his Northern Irish rural background.
Stories of Makokoba
Creators: name: Haney, Gina
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Zimbabwe
Southern Rhodesia
township
tourism
ethnographic

description: Makokoba is a formerly segregated place located in the nation of Zimbabwe, once a colony of Britain known as Southern Rhodesia. Three stories about Makokoba illuminate different perspectives and rely on various research methods. One story illuminates the lived experience of Makokoba and is told through the voices of residents, memories accessed while conducting ethnographic research in Zimbabwe. Another story is recounted through the archival record—primary source materials including maps, newspapers, and photographs--and is indicative of how white authorities used social welfare and urban planning initiatives to enforce racial segregation. A third story is based on the narrative of township tourism in Makokoba. This story highlights both the lived experience and how it is shaped around the existing colonial framework of control. Teasing out similarities and differences within these stories provides a new approach to understanding Makokoba by juxtaposing archival and ethnographic research.
Μετάβαση από το νηπιαγωγείο στο δημοτικό σχολείο: μια οικοσυστημική ερευνητική προσέγγιση των κοινωνικών σχέσεων των αρχαρίων μαθητών και μαθητριών στη σχολική τάξη
Creators: name: Βρυνιώτη, Καλλιόπη
name: Ματσαγγούρας, Ηλίας Γ.
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 2015

description: In this paper the first findings from a longitudinal explorative project concerning the transition from kindergarten to school arc presented. The main theme of the project is the social relations in the school class from the perspective of the beginners. Among the research questions the following arc the most central: Which experiences get the school beginners during their attempts to build a new group in the schcoolclass end how do they perceive the psycho-social relations which develop in the class? What are the social events, which take place within the group of the classmates during the first two years? The guiding theoretical framework is Bronfenbrenners eco-systemic approach.
description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 40 (2005)
How can we test seesaw experimentally?
Creators: name: Buckley, M. R.
name: Murayama, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The seesaw mechanism for the small neutrino mass has been a popular paradigm, yet it has been believed that there is no way to test it experimentally. We present a conceivable outcome from future experiments that would convince us of the seesaw mechanism. It would involve a variety of data from LHC, ILC, cosmology, underground, and low-energy flavor violation experiments to establish the case.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Differentiating Neutrino Models on the Basis of $θ_{13}$ and Lepton Flavor Violation
Creators: name: Albright, Carl H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how models of neutrino masses and mixings can be differentiated on the basis of their predictions for $θ_{13}$ and lepton flavor violation in radiative charged lepton decays and $μ- e$ conversion. We illustrate the lepton flavor violation results for five predictive SO(10) SUSY GUT models and point out the relative importance of their heavy right-handed neutrino mass spectra and $θ_{13}$ predictions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Grand Unified Theories: Current Status and Future Prospects (GUT07), December 17-19, 2007, Kusatsu, Japan
Η θεωρία της Παιδείας του Th. W. Adorno
Creators: name: Ράντης, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 2015

description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 40 (2005)
Neutrino parameters from matter effects in $P_{ee}$ at long baselines
Creators: name: Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar
name: Choubey, Sandhya
name: Goswami, Srubabati
name: Raychaudhuri, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the earth matter effects in the ${\rm {ν_e \to ν_e}}$ survival probability can be used to cleanly determine the third leptonic mixing angle $θ_{13}$ and the sign of the atmospheric neutrino mass squared difference, $Δm^2_{31}$, using a $β$-beam as a $ν_e$ source.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures; comments and references added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Οι Εταιρείες Παροχής Ασφάλειας στη Διεθνή Έννομη Τάξη:
Creators: name: Σαββίδης, Κωνσταντίνος Λάζαρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Δημόσιο Διεθνές Δίκαιο
Εταιρείες Παροχής Ασφάλειας
Διεθνής Έννομη Τάξη
Public International Law
Private Security Companies
International Legal Order

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία ασχολείται με τις λεγόμενες εταιρείες παροχής ασφάλειας εξετάζοντας τη θέση τους στη διεθνή έννομη τάξη. Αρχικά, γίνεται μία έρευνα αναφορικά με το φαινόμενο της ιδιωτικοποίησης του πολέμου, ως κοινωνικο-ιστορικού φαινομένου του οποίου ο ρόλος διαδραμάτισε κατά τις διάφορες φάσεις της ανθρώπινης ιστορίας σημαντικό ρόλο ως προς τη διαμόρφωση της ισχύουσας τάξης. Επίσης εξετάζεται ο ρόλος τους στην μετα-ψυχροπολεμική εποχή και τα αίτια που το φαινόμενο έχει λάβει τέτοιες διαστάσεις. Στη συνέχεια, η εργασία ασχολείται με τη θέση των εταιρειών παροχής ασφάλειας στο διεθνές δίκαιο και πιο συγκεκριμένα με το Διεθνές Ανθρωπιστικό Δίκαιο αλλά και με το Διεθνές Δίκαιο των Ανθρωπίνων Δικαιωμάτων. Σε αυτό το σημείο, εξετάζονται κυρίως οι μηχανισμοί του νόμου με τους οποίους επιτυγχάνεται η δέσμευση των εταιρειών παροχής ασφάλειας και του προσωπικού τους στο διεθνές δίκαιο. Η δράση των εταιρειών στα πεδία του πολέμου, δημιουργεί την ανάγκη να καθοριστεί το νομικό καθεστώς του προσωπικού των εταιρειών καθώς και οι κανόνες που ισχύουν κατά τη συμμετοχή τους σε εχθροπραξίες, είτε η συμμετοχή είναι νόμιμη είτε παράνομη. Τέλος, εξετάζεται η δυνατότητα απόδοσης ευθύνης σε κράτος έπειτα από παραβιάσεις του διεθνούς δικαίου από εταιρεία, τις υπηρεσίες της οποίας έχει δεσμεύσει το συγκεκριμένο κράτος.
description: The current thesis deals with the so-called Private Military and Security Companies, considering their position in international law. Initialy, the search is about the phenomenon of the privatization of war as a social-historical phenomenon, whose role during the different phases of human history played an important role in shaping the current world order. Moreover, is examined the role of private military companies in the post Cold War era and the causes the phenomenon has taken such dimensions. Then the thesis deals with the position of security providers in international law and more specifically with the International Humanitarian Law and International Law of Human Rights. At this point the examination is about the mechanisms of law with which the commitment of security providers and their staff is achieved in international law. The activity of security companies in the fileds of war, creates the need to determine the legal status of the companies and the rules that apply in the situations of participating in hostilities, whether participation is legal or illegal. Finally, is mentioned the possibility of state accountability after violations of international law by the security companies, violations for services binding the state.
Identification of multitype branching processes
Creators: name: Maaouia, F.
name: Touati, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60F15, 60J80 (Primary)

description: We solve the problem of constructing an asymptotic global confidence region for the means and the covariance matrices of the reproduction distributions involved in a supercritical multitype branching process. Our approach is based on a central limit theorem associated with a quadratic law of large numbers performed by the maximum likelihood or the multidimensional Lotka--Nagaev estimator of the reproduction law means. The extension of this approach to the least squares estimator of the mean matrix is also briefly discussed. On résout le problème de construction d'une région de confiance asymptotique et globale pour les moyennes et les matrices de covariance des lois de reproduction d'un processus de branchement multitype et supercritique. Notre approche est basée sur un théorème de limite centrale associé à une loi forte quadratique vérifiée par l'estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance ou l'estimateur multidimensionnel de Lotka--Nagaev des moyennes des lois de reproduction. L'extension de cette approche à l'estimateur des moindres carrés de la matrice des moyennes est aussi brièvement commentée.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053605000000561 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Development and application of a momentum dispersive multichannel electron momentum spectrometer
Creators: name: Lermer, Noah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The design, evaluation, and application of a momentum dispersive multichannel spectrometer for electron momentum spectroscopy (EMS) is reported. The spectrometer employs a microchannel plate/resistive anode position sensitive detector and a channel electron multiplier, situated on the exit circle of a cylindrical mirror electron energy analyzer, to simultaneously measure (e,2e) coincidence events over a ± 30° range of azimuthal angle. A novel coincidence detection system based on the ‘pile-up’ of pulses from the detectors has been developed to provide prompt detection of coincidence events. This spectrometer provides an improvement of one to two orders of magnitude in sensitivity over typical single channel instruments. The performance of the new spectrometer has been characterized through measurements of the binding energy spectra and experimental momentum profiles (XMPs) of the valence electrons of Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, CH 4and SiH 4. These measurements show significantly higher statistical precision than any previously reported EMS work. Consistent with earlier studies, the present multichannel XMPs exhibit very good agreement with theoretical momentum profiles calculated using high quality wavefunctions. The momentum profiles of the helium atom for the transitions to the ground (n=1) and the excited (n=2, n=3) He⁺ final ion states have been obtained with considerably greater precision than previously reported. The experimental momentum profiles ofH2 and D2 for transitions to the ground and excited (2pσ[sub u],2sσ-sub g]) ion states have also been measured to high precision. While the XMPs for the transitions to the ground ion states of each system are found to be in good agreement with theory, the XMPs for the transitions to the excited ion states show significant deviations from theoretical profiles calculated with very accurate correlated wavefunctions. It is suggested that these discrepancies arise from contributions of higher order collision processes neglected in the plane wave impulse description of the (e,2e) scattering event normally used in the theoretical interpretation of EMS experiments. While these additional processes have been discussed with regard to other photon, electron and proton impact studies of two-electron transitions (i.e. ionization plus excitation, double ionization), they have not been previously considered in the context of EMS studies.
Model Energy Landscapes of Low-Temperature Fluids: Dipolar Hard Spheres
Creators: name: Matyushov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical model of non-Gaussian energy landscape of low-temperature fluids is developed based on the thermodynamics of the fluid of dipolar hard spheres. The entire excitation profile of the liquid, from the high temperatures to the point of ideal-glass transition, has been obtained from the Monte Carlo simulations. The fluid of dipolar hard spheres loses stability when reaching the point of ideal-glass transition transforming via a first-order transition into a columnar liquid phase of dipolar chains locally arranged in a body-centered tetragonal order.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity (VANDAM) Survey of Orion Protostars. III. Substructures in Protostellar Disks
Creators: name: Sheehan, Patrick D.
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Federman, Sam
name: Megeath, S. Thomas
name: Looney, Leslie W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prevalence of substructures in $\sim1-10$ Myr old protoplanetary disks, which are often linked to planet formation, has raised the question of how early such features form, and as a corollary, how early planet formation begins. Here we present observations of seven protostellar disks (aged $\sim0.1-1$ Myr) from the VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity Survey of Orion Protostars (VANDAM: Orion) that show clear substructures, thereby demonstrating that these features can form early in the lifetimes of disks. We use simple analytic models as well as detailed radiative transfer modeling to characterize their structure. In particular we show that at least four of the sources have relatively massive envelopes, indicating that they are particularly young, likely the youngest disks with substructures known to-date. Several of these disks also have emission from an inner disk that is offset from the center of the ring structure. Given the size of the cleared out regions of the disk, it is unclear, however, whether these features are related to planet formation, or rather if they are signposts of close-separation binary formation at early times.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
AI in Multi-Omics Integration for Precision Oncology in Medical Oncology: A Short Review
Creators: name: Bivolarski, Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical oncology has revolutionized how cancer isunderstood, diagnosed, and treated. One of the most promising applications of AI lies in multi-omicsintegration, a cutting-edge approach that combines diverse biological data layers, includinggenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics. Each of these omics layersprovides unique insights into the molecular mechanisms driving cancer. However, the complexity andsheer volume of this data can be overwhelming when analyzed using traditional methods.AI, particularly machine learning and deep learning techniques, offers powerful tools to process,integrate, and analyze multi-omics data in ways that were previously unimaginable. By identifyingpatterns and extracting meaningful information from large, heterogeneous datasets, AI enables thedevelopment of more precise and personalized approaches to cancer treatment—an area commonlyreferred to as precision oncology. Precision oncology aims to tailor cancer treatments to the uniquemolecular profile of each patient's tumor, improving outcomes and reducing side effects.
Grand Unification as a Bridge Between String Theory and Phenomenology
Creators: name: Pati, Jogesh C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of the talk, I explain what empirical evidence points to the need for having an effective grand unification-like symmetry possessing the symmetry SU(4)-color in 4D. If one assumes the premises of a future predictive theory including gravity--be it string/M theory or a reincarnation--this evidence then suggests that such a theory should lead to an effective grand unification-like symmetry as above in 4D, near the string-GUT-scale, rather than the standard model symmetry. Advantages of an effective supersymmetric G(224) = SU(2)$_L \times$ SU(2)$_R \times$ SU(4)$^c$ or SO(10) symmetry in 4D in explaining (i) observed neutrino oscillations, (ii) baryogenesis via leptogenesis, and (iii) certain fermion mass-relations are noted. And certain distinguishing tests of a SUSY G(224) or SO(10)-framework involving CP and flavor violations (as in $μ\to eγ$, $τ\toμγ$, edm's of the neutron and the electron) as well as proton decay are briefly mentioned. Recalling some of the successes we have had in our understanding of nature so far, and the current difficulties of string/M theory as regards the large multiplicity of string vacua, some comments are made on the traditional goal of understanding {\em vis a vis} the recently evolved view of landscape and anthropism.
description: A chart showing some insights gained in the world of the very small and that of the very large is included. A few relevant references are added. Some clarification is made in the last section as regards the question of understanding versus landscape and anthropism
Deformations of N=2 super-conformal algebra and supersymmetric two-component Camassa-Holm equation
Creators: name: Aratyn, H.
name: Gomes, J. F.
name: Zimerman, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is concerned with a link between central extensions of N=2 superconformal algebra and a supersymmetric two-component generalization of the Camassa--Holm equation. Deformations of superconformal algebra give rise to two compatible bracket structures. One of the bracket structures is derived from the central extension and admits a momentum operator which agrees with the Sobolev norm of a coadjoint orbit element. The momentum operator induces via Lenard relations a chain of conserved hamiltonians of the resulting supersymmetric Camassa-Holm hierarchy.
description: Latex, 21 pages, version to appear in J. Phys. A
Low-cost Geometry-based Eye Gaze Detection using Facial Landmarks Generated through Deep Learning
Creators: name: Ye, Run Zhou
name: En Zhou, Ye
name: En Hui Esther, Ye
name: Joseph, Ye
name: Jacob, Ye
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: In the realm of human-computer interaction and behavioral research, accurate real-time gaze estimation is critical. Traditional methods often rely on expensive equipment or large datasets, which are impractical in many scenarios. This paper introduces a novel, geometry-based approach to address these challenges, utilizing consumer-grade hardware for broader applicability.

Methods: We leverage novel face landmark detection neural networks capable of fast inference on consumer-grade chips to generate accurate and stable 3D landmarks of the face and iris. From these, we derive a small set of geometry-based descriptors, forming an 8-dimensional manifold representing the eye and head movements. These descriptors are then used to formulate linear equations for predicting eye-gaze direction.

Results: Our approach demonstrates the ability to predict gaze with an angular error of less than 1.9 degrees, rivaling state-of-the-art systems while operating in real-time and requiring negligible computational resources.

Conclusion: The developed method marks a significant step forward in gaze estimation technology, offering a highly accurate, efficient, and accessible alternative to traditional systems. It opens up new possibilities for real-time applications in diverse fields, from gaming to psychological research.
Finite Heisenberg Groups from Nonabelian Orbifold Quiver Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Burrington, Benjamin A.
name: Liu, James T.
name: Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large class of orbifold quiver gauge theories admits the action of finite Heisenberg groups of the form \prod_i Heis(Z_{q_i} x Z_{q_i}). For an Abelian orbifold generated by Γ, the Z_{q_i} shift generator in each Heisenberg group is one cyclic factor of the Abelian group Γ. For general non-Abelian Γ, however, we find that the shift generators are the cyclic factors in the Abelianization of Γ. We explicitly show this for the case Γ=Δ(27), where we construct the finite Heisenberg group symmetries of the field theory. These symmetries are dual to brane number operators counting branes on homological torsion cycles, which therefore do not commute. We compare our field theory results with string theory states and find perfect agreement.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures
MPEC 2024-T153 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 October 6)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Robots educativos libres, imprimibles y de bajo coste
Creators: name: García-Saura, Carlos
Publisher: name: Certamen Arquímedes 2012
Year: 2012

description: La robótica educativa requiere plataformas que sean sencillas de utilizar, siendo a la vez muy completas y manteniendo un precio reducido; pero en muchas ocasiones es necesario dejar de lado al menos uno de estos aspectos.

En este trabajo de investigación se propone el uso de plataformas educativas de hardware libre.

Gracias a la tecnología de las impresoras 3D open-source que se han desarrollado en los últimos años, cualquiera puede disponer de una impresora 3D en su casa y fabricar sus propias piezas.

Los “printbots” son robots libres e imprimibles, es decir, existe una comunidad abierta que comparte todos los diseños y cualquiera puede fabricarlos utilizando una impresora 3D casera.

Se trata el uso de los printbots como elemento educativo, concretamente el robot HKTR-9000 y de su uso en un taller con estudiantes universitarios.

Después se proponen mejoras respecto a los printbots educativos, que culminan en el desarrollo del Printshield, una nueva plataforma educativa de hardware abierto y bajo coste basada en Arduino.

Por último, se demuestra el funcionamiento del ArduSkyBot, un printbot basado en el Printshield, y se exploran sus posibilidades educativas con vista a futuros talleres.
description: Educational robotics requires platforms that are simple to use, and at the same time full-featured and low-cost; but in many occasions some of these requirements must be left apart.

This research work proposes using open-hardware educational platforms.

Thanks to the open-source 3D printing technology that has been developed in recent years, anyone can have a 3D printer at home and manufacture his own parts.

“Printbots” are open-source robots that are printable, which means that they have an open community that shares every design, and anyone can build them using a 3D printer.

We also cover the usage of printbots as an educational element. Specifically, the HKTR-9000 robot and its usage on a workshop with college students.

Then we propose some improvements regarding educational printbots, that culminate with the development of the Printshield, a new educational platform which is Arduino-based, open-hardware and keeps a low cost.

Finally, we demonstrate the operation of a Printshield-powered printbot: the ArduSkyBot. We also research its educational possibilities regarding future workshops.
Οι επιστολές του Αγίου Ιωάννου του Χρυσοστόμου προς την Διακόνισσα Ολυμπιάδα. Ιστορικά-Προσωπογραφικά-Ποιμαντικά:
Creators: name: Σαϊνίδης, Θεμιστοκλής-Θεοφάνης Χαραλάμπους
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Ιωάννης Χρυσόστομος
Διακόνισσα Ολυμπιάδα
Αθυμία
Διακόνισσες
Κουκουσός
Κωνσταντινούπολη
John Chrysostom
Deaconess Olympias
Depression
Deaconesses
Patience
Koukousos
Constantinople

description: Οι 17 επιστολές του αγίου Ιωάννη του Χρυσοστόμου προς τη διακόνισσα Ολυμπιάδα αποτελούν το περιεχόμενο της παρούσης εργασίας. Ο ιεράρχης που βρίσκεται στην εξορία, αποστέλλει στην πνευματική του κόρη Ολυμπιάδα επιστολές με σκοπό να την στηρίξει και να την διδάξει. Στις επιστολές βρίσκουμε στοιχεία για πρόσωπα και γεγονότα της εποχής με ιδιαίτερο θεολογικό και ποιμαντικό ενδιαφέρον. Περιγράφονται οι δυσκολίες της εξορίας, κακουχίες, μοναξιά, σοβαρά προβλήματα υγείας, απειλές μέχρι θανάτου, αλλά και η παρηγοριά που έρχεται από το Θεό. Ο Άγιος Ιεράρχης επαινεί την Ολυμπιάδα για τις αρετές της. Η Ολυμπιάδα βρίσκεται σε διαρκή απογοήτευση επειδή στερείται τον πνευματικό της πατέρα και βρίσκεται σε άσχημη ψυχολογική κατάσταση. Με πλήθος από αγιογραφικές αναφορές και επιχειρήματα προσπαθεί να την σώσει από την υπερβολική λύπη που αισθάνεται. Οι επιστολές αποτελούν θαυμάσια διδαχή μέχρι και σήμερα για τους χριστιανούς, ώστε να μπορέσουν να αποφύγουν πειρασμούς, προβάλλοντας διάφορες αρετές και κυρίως την υπομονή. Διακρίνεται έντονα το ποιμαντικό ενδιαφέρον του αγίου Χρυσοστόμου για την ψυχική κατάσταση των πνευματικών του τέκνων. Είναι επιστολές διαχρονικής αξίας που δείχνουν σε κάθε άνθρωπο τον τρόπο για να αντιμετωπίσει τις δυσκολίες της παρούσης ζωής και να κατακτήσει την αιώνια.
description: The 17 epistles of Saint John Chrysostom sent to deaconess Olympiada constitute the content of this work. The hierarch Chrysostome, who is in exile, writes epistles to his spiritual daughter, Olympiada, in order to support and teach her. In these epistles we find clues for people and facts of that era with great theological and pastoral interest. The difficulties arisen due to exile, the hardships, the loneliness, the severe health problems, the threats that lead to death and the consolation that comes from God are all described in the present work. The holy hierarch praises Olympiada for her virtues. Olympiada is in a continuous disappointment because she can’t meet her spiritual father and is in a dire psychological situation. Saint John tries to salvage her from her sadness with quite a lot of hagiographical references and arguments. These epistles are an excellent teaching for the Christians even today, so that they will be able to avoid temptations by putting up many virtues, especially patience. The interest of Saint Chrysostom for his spiritual children’s mental state is also described in the epistles. These are epistles of contemporary value that show to every human being the way with which to face the difficulties of this life and to earn the eternal life.
Closure Traces: Novel Calibration-Insensitive Quantities for Radio Astronomy
Creators: name: Broderick, Avery E.
name: Pesce, Dominic W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closure phases and closure amplitudes have proven critical to modern radio interferometry due to their insensitivity to the uncertain station gains. We present the first set of closure quantities constructed from parallel-hand and cross-hand visibilities that are insensitive to both station gains and to polarimetric leakage. These complex "closure traces" are a natural extension of closure amplitudes and closure phases, are independent of all station-based linear corruptions of the polarized visibilities, and are complete in the sense that they contain all remaining information present in the visibility data. Products of closure traces on so-called "conjugate" quadrangles are sensitive only to structure in the source polarization fraction -- independent of variations in the Stokes $I$ structure -- and thereby provide unambiguous probes of polarization in astronomical sources.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 15 pages, 6 figures