cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cumulant expansion for systems with large spins
Creators: name: Kladko, K.
name: Fulde, P.
name: Garanin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is proposed for obtaining a systematic expansion of thermodynamic functions of spin systems with large spin S in powers of 1/S. It uses the cumulant technique and a coherent-state representation of the partition function Z. The expansion of Z in terms of cumulants yields an effective classical Hamiltonian with temperature-dependent quantum corrections. For the Heisenberg quantum Hamiltonian, they have a non-Heisenberg form. The effective Hamiltonian can be solved by methods familiar for classical systems.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. Final published version
The Dirac equation across the horizons of the 5D Myers-Perry geometry : Separation of variables, radial asymptotic behaviour and Hamiltonian formalism
Creators: name: Wang, Qiu Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically extend the 5D Myers-Perry metric through the event and Cauchy horizons by defining Eddington-Finkelstein-type coordinates. Then, we use the orthonormal frame formalism to formulate and perform separation of variables on the massive Dirac equation, and analyse the asymptotic behaviour at the horizons and at infinity of the solutions to the radial ordinary differential equation (ODE) thus obtained. Using the essential self-adjointness result of Finster and Röken and Stone's formula, we obtain an integral spectral representation of the Dirac propagator for spinors with low masses and suitably bounded frequency spectra in terms of resolvents of the Dirac Hamiltonian, which can in turn be expressed in terms of Green's functions of the radial ODE.
description: Minor corrections and improvements, published version, 23 pages
The essential coexistence phenomenon in Hamiltonian dynamics
Creators: name: Chen, Jianyu
name: Hu, Huyi
name: Pesin, Yakov
name: Zhang, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D35, 37C45, 37C40, 37D20

description: We construct an example of a Hamiltonian flow $f^t$ on a $4$-dimensional smooth manifold $\mathcal{M}$ which after being restricted to an energy surface $\mathcal{M}_e$ demonstrates essential coexistence of regular and chaotic dynamics that is there is an open and dense $f^t$-invariant subset $U\subset\mathcal{M}_e$ such that the restriction $f^t|U$ has non-zero Lyapunov exponents in all directions (except the direction of the flow) and is a Bernoulli flow while on the boundary $\partial U$, which has positive volume all Lyapunov exponents of the system are zero.
description: Ya. P. was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-1400027. The authors would like to thank Banff International Research Station, where part of the work was done, for their hospitality
The broad band X-ray/hard X-ray spectra of accreting neutron stars
Creators: name: Barret, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the energy spectra of low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) containing weakly magnetized accreting neutron stars (NS), emphasizing the most recent broad band (0.1-200 keV) spectral and timing observations performed by Beppo-SAX and RXTE. Drawing on the similarities between black hole candidate (BHC) and NS accretion, I discuss the accretion geometry and emission processes of NS LMXBs.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, Invited review at the 33rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Warsaw, Poland, July, 2000. Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research. The paper is also available from http://www.cesr.fr/~barret/
Interleukin-6 trans-signaling contributes to chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension
Creators: name: Maston, Levi
name: Jones, David T
name: Wieslawa Giermakowska
name: Resta, Thomas C.
name: Diaz, Juan M. Ramiro
name: Howard, Tamara A
name: Jernigan, Nikki L.
name: Herbert, Lindsay M.
name: Maurice, Anna A.
name: Bosc, Laura Gonzalez
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleotropic cytokine that signals through the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (mIL-6R) to induce antiinflammatory
(‘‘classic-signaling’’) responses. This cytokine also binds to the soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) to promote inflammation
(‘‘trans-signaling’’). mIL-6R expression is restricted to hepatocytes and immune cells. Activated T cells release sIL-6R into adjacent
tissues to induce trans-signaling. These cellular actions require the ubiquitously expressed membrane receptor gp130. Reports
show that IL-6 is produced by pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) exposed to hypoxia in culture as well as the
medial layer of the pulmonary arteries in mice exposed to chronic hypoxia (CH), and IL-6 knockout mice are protected from CHinduced
pulmonary hypertension (PH). IL-6 has the potential to contribute to a broad array of downstream effects, such as cell
growth and migration. CH-induced PH is associated with increased proliferation and migration of PASMCs to previously nonmuscularized
vessels of the lung. We tested the hypothesis that IL-6 trans-signaling contributes to CH-induced PH and arterial
remodeling. Plasma levels of sgp130 were significantly decreased in mice exposed to CH (380 mmHg) for five days compared to
normoxic control mice (630 mmHg), while sIL-6R levels were unchanged. Consistent with our hypothesis, mice that received the
IL-6 trans-signaling-specific inhibitor sgp130Fc, a fusion protein of the soluble extracellular portion of gp130 with the constant
portion of the mouse IgG1 antibody, showed attenuation of CH-induced increases in right ventricular systolic pressure, right
ventricular and pulmonary arterial remodeling as compared to vehicle (saline)-treated control mice. In addition, PASMCs cultured
in the presence of IL-6 and sIL-6R showed enhanced migration but not proliferation compared to those treated with IL-6 or sIL-6R
alone or in the presence of sgp130Fc. These results indicate that IL-6 trans-signaling contributes to pulmonary arterial cell
migration and CH-induced PH.
Possibility of chiral $d$-wave state in the hexagonal pnictide superconductor SrPtAs
Creators: name: Ueki, Hikaru
name: Tamura, Ryota
name: Goryo, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the type of pairing in the hexagonal pnictide superconductor SrPtAs, taking into account its multiband structure. The topological chiral $d$-wave state with time-reversal-symmetry breaking has been anticipated from the spontaneous magnetization observed by the muon-spin-relaxation experiment. We point out in this paper that the recent experimental reports on the nuclear-spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}$ and superfluid density $n_s(T)$, which seemingly support the conventional $s$-wave pairing, are also consistent with the chiral $d$-wave state. The compatibility of the gap and multiband structures is crucial in this argument.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Self-dual Ginzburg-Landau vortices in a disk
Creators: name: Lozano, G. S.
name: Manias, M. V.
name: Moreno, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the Ginzburg-Laundau model in the self-dual point for a two-dimensional finite system . By a numerical calculation we analyze the solutions of the Euler-Lagrange equations for a cylindrically symmetric ansatz. We also study the self-dual equations for this case. We find that the minimal energy configurations are not given by the Bogomol'nyi equations but by solutions to the Euler Lagrange ones. With a simple approximation scheme we reproduce the result of the numerical calculation.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, RevTex macros
DIABETES MELLITUS, REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Creators: name: Parra, Carlos Augusto López
name: Pedroza, Jose Rubiano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110302 Clinical Chemistry (diagnostics)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: La diabetes mellitus es el trastorno más común del metabolismo energético, el metabolismo, la energía, la sangre, la sangre y la sangre, la alteración y el control del metabolismo y los carbohidratos. Una falla en la acción de la insulina, de su secreción o de ambas. Cobra gran importancia debido a los efectos devastadores que pueden ocasionar la diabetes fuera de los objetivos, entre ellos podemos encontrar la disfunción a nivel de riñones, nervios, corazón y vasos sanguíneos. El diagnóstico es importante para todas las enfermedades crónicas, en esta revisión podremos encontrar signos y síntomas de la diabetes y los valores para el diagnóstico clínico. El tratamiento de la diabetes en sus estadios iniciales, Esta es una razón importante para la individualización de cada paciente. La metamorfosis continua es el fármaco de primera elección en la diabetes tipo 2, teniendo en cuenta también las diferentes combinaciones con las familias de los fármacos hipoglicemiantes que podemos realizar, hasta 3 los fármacos combinados pueden tener un paciente, pero en el caso de que no sea suficiente. iniciar insulinoterapia que en algunos casos es necesario establecer un régimen basal como ocurre en la diabetes tipo 1.
Global Hyperbolicity through the Eyes of the Null Distance
Creators: name: Burtscher, Annegret
name: García-Heveling, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C50 (Primary), 53C23, 53B30, 83C05 (Secondary)

description: No Hopf-Rinow Theorem is possible in Lorentzian Geometry. Nonetheless, we prove that a spacetime is globally hyperbolic if and only if it is metrically complete with respect to the null distance of a time function. Our approach is based on the observation that null distances behave particularly well for weak temporal functions in terms of regularity and causality. Specifically, we also show that the null distances of Cauchy temporal functions and regular cosmological time functions encode causality globally.
description: Small corrections compared to v3. Final version. 36 pages, 4 figures
ENFERMEDAD DIARREICA AGUDA EN MENORES DE 5 AÑOS
Creators: name: Naranjo, José Orlando Merchán
name: Pedroza, Jose Rubiano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111704 Community Child Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: La agenda es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad entre los niños menores de cinco años. La OMS / OPS se define como una agenda de trabajo más rápida o más eficiente en las 24 horas o en la parte de menos de una presencia de elementos anormales (moco, sangre, pus), durante un máximo de dos semanas. Se clasifica según la duración en la aguda, persistente y crón.ica; etiología en infecciosa y no infecciosa; Fisiopatológicamente en osmótica, secretora, y por alteración de la motilidad. Se detallan factores de riesgo frecuentes en nuestra población que deben tomarse en cuenta al momento de atender a pacientes con cuadros enteros con riesgo de deshidratación grave. La vacunación contra el rotavirus ha demostrado su uso en los próximos 2 meses de vida. La información sobre el tratamiento de la diarrea aguda en los niños menores de 5 años en Colombia.
DAP, ERDDAP, and Tabular (Sequence) Datasets
Creators: name: Simons, Bob
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: This presentation was given at the 2014 OPeNDAP Developers Workshop that was held from 7-8 July 2014 in conjunction with the ESIP 2014 meeting in Frisco, CO. The intent of the workshop was to demonstrate and discuss diverse efforts related to the Data Access Protocol (DAP), with a special interest in how DAP and its applications were evolving.

Summary of the presentation: 

This presentation addresses the benefits of using ERDDAP for serving tabular datasets. The presentation  goals include providing more information about ERDDAP, raising awareness of tabular data, and advocating for their optimal service as DAP sequences.

ERDDAP offers various features such as serving diverse datasets, providing a unified search platform, offering standard data request methods, supporting multiple response file formats, standardizing time formats, and encouraging improved metadata.

Tabular datasets from sources like databases, OBIS, SOS, CSV files, and flat NC files are discussed. ERDDAP offers advantages over serving data as gridded datasets due to the complexities of tabular data structures and their suitability for DAP sequences. The presentation emphasizes that DAP sequence requests simplify data retrieval, offer ease of understanding, and provide flexibility in querying data.

Five reasons are provided for why DAP sequences are useful: the absence of index numbers in relational databases, difficulties in managing grid dimensions for tabular datasets, ease of describing data requests in declarative languages, inefficiencies in imperative languages for data retrieval, and the shortcomings of alternative data distribution methods like serving as grids, FTP downloads, custom forms, or limiting access to trusted colleagues.
Yoctocalorimetry: phonon counting in nanostructures
Creators: name: Roukes, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It appears feasible with nanostructures to perform calorimetry at the level of individual thermal phonons. Here I outline an approach employing monocrystalline mesoscopic insulators, which can now be patterned from semiconductor heterostructures into complex geometries with full, three- dimensional relief. Successive application of these techniques also enables definition of integrated nanoscale thermal transducers; coupling these to a dc SQUID readout yields the requisite energy sensitivity and temporal resolution with minimal back action. The prospect of phonon counting opens intriguing experimental possibilities with analogies in quantum optics. These include fluctuation-based phonon spectroscopy, phonon shot noise in the energy relaxation of nanoscale systems, and quantum statistical phenomena such as phonon bunching and anticorrelated electron-phonon exchange.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Pyracmon Holmgren 1859
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kyohei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Pyracmon

description: Genus Pyracmon Holmgren, 1859
 Pyracmon Holmgren, 1859: 326. Type: Porizon fumipennis Zetterstedt, 1838. Original designation.
 Diagnosis. This genus is the one of easily recognizable group of Campopleginae. According to Townes (1970) and Barron and Walley (1983), this genus can be distinguished from other genera of Campopleginae by the following combination of character states: apical margin of clypeus with (Fig 15) or without (Figs 21, 25) a weak median convexity; lower tooth of mandible not longer than upper tooth (Figs 14, 20); posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete; propodeal spiracle circular to elliptic (Figs 16, 22, 26); areolet receiving second recurrent vein at (Fig. 4) or little distad of the middle; nervulus opposite basal vein (Fig. 4), or distad of it by less than 0.3 its length; nervellus distinctly intercepted (Figs 5, 7); discoidella often pigmented (Fig. 7); glymma present, large and rather deep (Figs 17, 23, 27); thyridium separated from basal margin of T2 by more than its own length (Figs 17, 23, 27); ovipositor sheath usually about as long as hind tibia; ovipositor rather stout and distinctly compressed.
All Japanese species have the following combination of character states: fore wing with an acute angle of posterodistal corner of second discoidal cell; ovipositor distinctly upcurved.
 Distribution. Holarctic region.
 Bionomics. Three families, Tortricidae (Lepidoptera), Artematopodidae and Elateridae (Coleoptera) (Graham 1965; Barron and Walley 1983), have been recorded as the host while no record is known in Japan.
 Remarks. Japanese species of Pyracmon can be distinguished by the following key.
description: Published as part of Watanabe, Kyohei, 2019, Revision of the Genus Pyracmon (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Japan, with Description of a New Species, pp. 281-285 in Species Diversity 24 on pages 281-282, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.24.281, http://zenodo.org/record/5738267
Splitting of differential quaternion algebras
Creators: name: Gupta, Parul
name: Kaur, Yashpreet
name: Singh, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 16H05, 16W25

description: We study differential splitting fields of quaternion algebras with derivations. A quaternion algebra over a field $k$ is always split by a quadratic extension of $k$. However, a differential quaternion algebra need not be split over any algebraic extension of $k$. We use solutions of certain Riccati equations to provide bounds on the transcendence degree of splitting fields of a differential quaternion algebra.
Fluctuation-Facilitated Charge Migration along DNA
Creators: name: Bruinsma, R.
name: Gruner, G.
name: D'Orsogna, M. R.
name: Rudnick, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a model Hamiltonian for charge transfer along the DNA double helix with temperature driven fluctuations in the base pair positions acting as the rate limiting factor for charge transfer between neighboring base pairs. We compare the predictions of the model with the recent work of J.K. Barton and A.H. Zewail (Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, {\bf 96}, 6014 (1999)) on the unusual two-stage charge transfer of DNA.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
The thioredoxin reductase inhibitor auranofin induces heme oxygenase-1 in lung epithelial cells via Nrf2-dependent mechanisms
Creators: name: Dunigan, Katelyn
name: Li, Qian
name: Li, Rui
name: Wall, Stephanie B.
name: Tipple, Trent E
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The thioredoxin reductase inhibitor auranofin induces heme oxygenase-1 in lung epithelial cells via Nrf2-dependent mechanisms. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 315: L545–L552, 2018. First published July 19, 2018; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00214.2018.—Thioredoxin reductase- 1 (TXNRD1) inhibition effectively activates nuclear factor (erythroid- derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) responses and attenuates lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) models. Upon TXNRD1 inhibition, heme oxygenase- 1 (HO-1) is disproportionally increased compared with Nrf2 target NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 (Nqo1). HO-1 has been investigated as a potential therapeutic target in both ARDS and BPD. TXNRD1 is predominantly expressed in airway epithelial cells; however, the mechanism of HO-1 induction by TXNRD1 inhibitors is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that TXNRD1 inhibition induces HO-1 via Nrf2-dependent mechanisms. Wild-type (WT), Nrf2KO1.3, and Nrf2KO2.2 cells were morphologically indistinguishable, indicating that Nrf2 can be deleted from murine-transformed club cells (mtCCs) using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Hemin, a Nrf2-independent HO-1-inducing agent, significantly increased HO-1 expression in WT, Nrf2KO1.3, and Nrf2KO2.2. Auranofin (AFN) (0.5 M) inhibited TXNRD1 activity by 50% and increased Nqo1 and Hmox1 mRNA levels by 6- and 24-fold, respectively, in WT cells. Despite similar levels of TXNRD1 inhibition, Nqo1 mRNA levels were not different between control and AFN-treated Nrf2KO1.3 and Nrf2KO2.2. AFN slightly increased Hmox1 mRNA levels in Nrf2KO1.3 and Nrf2KO2.2 cells compared with controls. AFN failed to increase HO-1 protein in Nrf2KO1.3 and Nrf2KO2.2 compared with a 36-fold increase in WT mtCCs. Our data indicate that Nrf2 is the primary mechanism by which TXNRD1 inhibitors increase HO-1 in lung epithelia. Future studies will use ARDS and BPD models to define the role of HO-1 in attenuation of lung injury by TXNRD1 inhibitors.
The redshifts of bright sub-mm sources
Creators: name: Dunlop, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key goals in observational cosmology over the next few years will be to establish the redshift distribution of the recently-discovered sub-mm source population. In this brief review I discuss and summarize the redshift information which has been gleaned to date for the ~ 50 bright sub-mm sources which have been uncovered via the six main classes of survey performed with SCUBA on the JCMT over the last 2-3 years. Despite the biases inherent in some of these surveys, and the crudeness of the redshift information available in others, I conclude that all current information suggests that only 10-15 % of luminous sub-mm sources lie at z < 2, and that the median redshift of this population is z ~ 3. I suggest that such a high median redshift is arguably not unexpected given current theories designed to explain the correlation between black-hole mass and spheroid mass found at low redshift. In such scenarios, peak AGN emission is expected to correspond to, or even to cause termination of major star-formation activity in the host spheroid. In contrast, maximum dust emission is expected to occur roughly half-way through the star-formation process. Given that optical emission from bright quasars peaks at z = 2.5, dust-emission from massive ellipticals might be reasonably expected to peak at some point in the preceding ~ 1 Gyr, at z ~ 3. Confirmation or refutation of this picture requires significantly-improved redshift information on bright samples of SCUBA sources.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, FIRSED2000 conference proceedings, eds. I.M. van Bemmel, B. Wilkes, & P. Barthel Elsevier New Astronomy Reviews
title: Media and Climate Change Observatory Monthly Summary: Big Oil's day of reckoning on the climate is here - Issue 53, May 2021
Creators: name: Katzung, Jennifer
name: Fernández-Reyes, Rogelio
name: Pearman, Olivia
name: Nacu-Schmidt, Ami
name: Boykoff, Max
Publisher: name: University of Colorado Boulder
Year: 2021

description:         May was a fascinating month regarding media attention to climate change or global warming around the world. At the global level, newspaper coverage decreased 18% from April 2021, yet it was 76% higher than a year ago (May 2020) – when global media attention continued to focused on the COVID-19 pandemic in a finite news hole. Similarly, global radio coverage decreased 27% from April 2021 but more than tripled the number of radio segments in May 2020. Figure 1 shows trends in newspaper media coverage at the global scale – organized into seven geographical regions around the world – from January 2004 through May 2021.
A logical limit law for $231$-avoiding permutations
Creators: name: Albert, Michael
name: Bouvel, Mathilde
name: Féray, Valentin
name: Noy, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A16, 60C05 (primary), 03C13 (secondary)

description: We prove that the class of 231-avoiding permutations satisfies a logical limit law, i.e. that for any first-order sentence $Ψ$, in the language of two total orders, the probability $p_{n,Ψ}$ that a uniform random 231-avoiding permutation of size $n$ satisfies $Ψ$ admits a limit as $n$ is large. Moreover, we establish two further results about the behavior and value of $p_{n,Ψ}$: (i) it is either bounded away from $0$, or decays exponentially fast; (ii) the set of possible limits is dense in $[0,1]$. Our tools come mainly from analytic combinatorics and singularity analysis.
description: 15 pages; version 3 is the final version, ready for publication in DMTCS
Elastic Properties of Single-Wall Nanotubes
Creators: name: Hernandez, E.
name: Goze, C.
name: Bernier, P.
name: Rubio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of theoretical studies on the elastic properties of single-wall nanotubes of the following compositions: C, BN, ${BC}_3$, ${BC}_2{N}$ and ${C}_3{N}_4$. These studies have been carried out using a total energy, non-orthogonal tight-binding parametrisation which is shown to provide results in good agreement both with calculations using higher levels of theory and the available experimental data. Our results predict that of all types of nanotubes considered, carbon nanotubes have the highest Young's modulus. We have considered tubes of different diameters, ranging from 0.5 to 2~nm, and find that in the limit of large diameters the mechanical properties of nanotubes approach those of the corresponding flat graphene-like sheets.
description: Revtex file, 8 pages with four eps figures
One-Dimensional Quantum Walks with a Position-Dependent Coin
Creators: name: Ahmad, Rashid
name: Sajjad, Uzma
name: Sajid, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of a discrete-time one-dimensional quantum walk driven by a position-dependent coin. The rotation angle which depends upon the position of a quantum particle parameterizes the coin operator. For different values of the rotation angle, we observe that such a coin leads to a variety of probability distributions, e.g. localized, periodic, classical-like, semi-classical-like, and quantum-like. Further, we study the Shannon entropy associated with position space and coin space of a quantum particle and compare it with the case of the position-independent coin. We show that the entropy is smaller for most values of the rotation angle as compared to the case of the position-independent coin. We also study the effect of entanglement on the behavior of probability distribution and Shannon entropy of a quantum walk by considering two identical position-dependent entangled coins. We observe that in general, a quantum particle becomes more localized as compared to the case of the position-independent coin and hence the corresponding Shannon entropy is minimum. Our results show that position-dependent coin can be used as a controlling tool of quantum walks.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Competition between Pauli and orbital effects in a charge-density wave system
Creators: name: Qualls, J. S.
name: Balicas, L.
name: Brooks, J. S.
name: Harrison, N.
name: Montgomery, L. K.
name: Tokumoto, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present angular dependent magneto-transport and magnetization measurements on alpha-(ET)2MHg(SCN)4 compounds at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. We find that the low temperature ground state undergoes two subsequent field-induced density-wave type phase transitions above a critical angle of the magnetic field with respect to the crystallographic axes. This new phase diagram may be qualitatively described assuming a charge density wave ground state which undergoes field-induced transitions due to the interplay of Pauli and orbital effects.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, shown at the APS march meeting 2000, appears in the Ph.D. thesis of J. S. Qualls (Florida State University, 1999), and submitted to PRL
Il paesaggio come strumento. Il caso delle energie rinnovabili
Creators: name: Ferrario, Viviana
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: The article proposes a re-reading of the current energy transition as an affirmation of the new landscapes of renewable energy. The transformations are observed on the material as well as on the immaterial level and are an occasion to reflect on the concept and on the possible uses of the landscape not so much as an object of protection but as a tool for investigation and design.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 16 No 2 (2018)
AEB effectiveness evaluation based on car-to-cyclist accident reconstructions using video of drive recorder
Creators: name: Yuqing Zhao
name: Ito, Daisuke
name: Mizuno, Koji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Objective: Though autonomous emergency braking (AEB) systems for car-to-cyclist collisions have been under development, an estimate of the benefit of AEB systems based on an analysis of accident data is needed for further enhancing their development. Compared to the data available from in-depth accident data files, data provided by drive recorders can be used to reconstruct car-to-cyclist collisions with greater accuracy because the position of cyclists can be observed from the videos. In this study, using data from drive recorders, the performance and limitations of AEB systems were investigated. Method: Data of drive recorders involving taxi-to-cyclist collisions were collected. Using the images collected from the drive recorders of those taxis, 40 cases of 90° car-to-cyclist intersection collisions were reconstructed using PC-Crash. Then, the collisions were reconstructed again utilizing car models with AEB systems installed while changing the sensor’s field of view (FOV) and the delay time of initiating vehicle deceleration. Results: The angle of FOV has a significant influence on avoiding car-to-cyclist collisions. Using a 50° FOV with a braking delay time of 0.5 s resulted in avoiding 6 collisions, and using a 90° FOV resulted in avoiding an additional 14 collisions. Even when installing an ideal AEB system providing 360° FOV and no delay time for braking, 8 collisions were not avoided, though the impact velocities were reduced for all of these remaining collisions. These collisions were caused by the cyclists’ sudden appearance in front of cars, and the time-to-collision (TTC) when the cyclists appeared was less than 0.9 s. Conclusion: The AEB systems were effective for mitigating collisions that occurred due to driver perception delay. Because cyclists have a traveling velocity, a wide-angle FOV is effective for reduction of car-to-cyclist intersection collisions. The reduction of delay time in braking can reduce the number of collisions that are close to the braking performance limit. The collisions that remained even with an ideal AEB system in the PC-Crash simulation indicate that such collisions could still occur for autonomous cars if the traffic environment does not change.
Path-space moderate deviations for a class of Curie-Weiss models with dissipation
Creators: name: Collet, Francesca
name: Kraaij, Richard C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60K35

description: We modify the Glauber dynamics of the Curie-Weiss model with dissipation in Dai Pra, Fischer, Regoli[2013] by considering arbitrary transition rates and we analyze the phase-portrait as well as the dynamics of moderate fluctuations for macroscopic observables. We obtain path-space moderate deviation principles via a general analytic approach based on the convergence of non-linear generators and uniqueness of viscosity solutions for associated Hamilton-Jacobi equations. The moderate asymptotics depend crucially on the phase we are considering and, moreover, their behavior may be influenced by the choice of the rates.
A universal law for tails of density pdf's in multi-dimensional Burgers turbulence
Creators: name: Bec, J.
name: Frisch, U.
name: Khanin, K.
name: Villone, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending work of E, Khanin, Mazel and Sinai (1997 PRL 78:1904-1907) on the one-dimensional Burgers equation, we show that density pdf's have universal power-law tails with exponent -7/2. This behavior stems from singularities, other than shocks, whose nature is quite different in one and several dimensions. We briefly discuss the possibility of detecting singularities of Navier-Stokes turbulence using pdf tails.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings ETC-8, Barcelona, June 2000
Smoothed universal correlations in the two-dimensional Anderson model
Creators: name: Uski, Ville
name: Mehlig, Bernhard
name: Roemer, Rudolf A.
name: Schreiber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on calculations of smoothed spectral correlations in the two-dimensional Anderson model for weak disorder. As pointed out in (M. Wilkinson, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 21, 1173 (1988)), an analysis of the smoothing dependence of the correlation functions provides a sensitive means of establishing consistency with random matrix theory. We use a semiclassical approach to describe these fluctuations and offer a detailed comparison between numerical and analytical calculations for an exhaustive set of two-point correlation functions. We consider parametric correlation functions with an external Aharonov-Bohm flux as a parameter and discuss two cases, namely broken time-reversal invariance and partial breaking of time-reversal invariance. Three types of correlation functions are considered: density-of-states, velocity and matrix element correlation functions. For the values of smoothing parameter close to the mean level spacing the semiclassical expressions and the numerical results agree quite well in the whole range of the magnetic flux.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Pyracmon Holmgren 1859
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kyohei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Pyracmon

description: Key to Japanese species of the genus Pyracmon (♀)
 1. Hind tibia completely black (Fig. 6). Tegula black (Fig. 7). Palpi blackish brown (Fig. 6). Propodeal carinae strongly developed (Figs 8, 22). Fore wing with postero-distal corner of second discoidal cell in form an acute angle (80°). T I in profile dorsally with an obtuse angulation (Fig. 23).................... P. nigrifemur
—. Hind tibia with a conspicuous yellowish brown or reddish brown area (Figs 1, 9). Palpi and tegula yellow to yellowish brown (Figs 1, 2, 9, 10). Propodeal carinae strongly developed (Figs 11, 26) or partly obscured (Figs 3, 16). Fore wing with postero-distal corner of second discoidal cell in form an acute to right angle (85–90°) (Fig. 4). T I in profile dorsally of T I without an obtuse angulation (Figs 17, 27).................. 2
 2. Apical margin of clypeus with a pair of lateral margined area and a median weak, smooth convexity (Fig. 15). Propodeal carinae partly obscured (Figs 3, 16). Tegula light yellow (Fig. 2). Ovipositor sheath distinctly longer than (1.4×as long as) hind tibia............................................. P. monticola sp. nov.
 —. Apical margin of clypeus simply arched, without a pair of lateral margined area and a median weak, smooth production (Fig. 25). Propodeal carinae strongly developed (Figs 11, 26). Tegula dark yellow to brown (Fig. 10). Ovipositor sheath almost as long as hind tibia............................................ P. sepiellus
description: Published as part of Watanabe, Kyohei, 2019, Revision of the Genus Pyracmon (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Japan, with Description of a New Species, pp. 281-285 in Species Diversity 24 on pages 282-283, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.24.281, http://zenodo.org/record/5738267
The morphosis of the Albanian socialist cityscape. A reaction to buildings with high-energy consumption
Creators: name: Islami, Gjergji
name: Veizaj, Denada
name: Verdiani, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: For more than 45 years, Albania went through the toughest experience of communism among the Eastern Bloc countries. The ideology strongly influenced the urban character of the cities, which had an intensive development during this period. Although the city had to represent the power of the system, architecture, considering the poor economy, offered merely the basics. In the housing sector, industrialization and standardization resulted to produce modest shelters with very low or no concerns about building quality, energy consumption and comfort. After the fall of the regime, the buildings and the city failed to meet the increasing demand for energy, comfort and better life standards. Under these circumstances, people took control on architecture and started to adapt their buildings by living remarkable traces that definitely altered the Albanian socialist cityscape. The article discusses the options of regaining the image of the city while points out the need for resilient and efficient models in architectural design and city planning.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 16 No 2 (2018)
FIRE6: Feynman Integral REduction with Modular Arithmetic
Creators: name: Smirnov, A. V.
name: Chukharev, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FIRE is a program performing reduction of Feynman integrals to master integrals. The C++ version of FIRE was presented in 2014. There have been multiple changes and upgrades since then including the possibility to use multiple computers for one reduction task and to perform reduction with modular arithmetic. The goal of this paper is to present the current version of FIRE.
description: v2: some minor updates and fixing the spelling of the family name of one of the authors; v3: instruction updated and new features of version 6.1 described;
Chandra Observations of the X-Ray Jet of 3C273
Creators: name: Sambruna, Rita M.
name: Urry, C. Megan
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Maraschi, L.
name: Scarpa, R.
name: Chartas, G.
name: Muxlow, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from Chandra observations of the X-ray jet of 3C~273 during the calibration phase in 2000 January. The zeroeth-order images and spectra from two 40-ks exposures with the HETG and LETG+ACIS-S show a complex X-ray structure. The brightest optical knots are detected and resolved in the 0.2-8 keV energy band. The X-ray morphology tracks well the optical. However, while the X-ray brightness decreases along the jet, the outer parts of the jet tend to be increasingly bright with increasing wavelength. The spectral energy distributions of four selected regions can best be explained by inverse Compton scattering of (beamed) cosmic microwave background photons. The model parameters are compatible with equipartition and a moderate Doppler factor, which is consistent with the one-sidedness of the jet. Alternative models either imply implausible physical conditions and energetics (the synchrotron self-Compton model) or are sufficiently ad hoc to be unconstrained by the present data (synchrotron radiation from a spatially or temporally distinct particle population).
description: 3 figures; Figure 1 in color. Accepted for publication by ApJ Letters
Paesaggio ed energie rinnovabili. Il supporto degli Enti territoriali ad una progettazione integrata
Creators: name: Laviscio, Raffaella
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: The important role played by renewable energy plants (in particular wind and photovoltaics) and the conflicting relationship that they often establish with the landscape, has led Institutions and Territorial bodies to draft not mandatory tools to favor a quality design and, consequently, the landscape preservation. In the last twenty years, guidelines have been disseminated, both nationally and regionally, aimed at providing suggestions to promote a renewable energy landscape project, starting, first of all, from a fruitful comparison with the area of transformation. The paper offers a review of the contents of these tools; it reports, in particular, the case of the Province of Foggia whose guidelines stem from a research project that attempts to trace a method that goes from the consideration of the characteristics of the place to the delineation of design criteria that result from those characteristics. The comparison with some international practices makes it possible to reflect on ongoing critical issues and the potential of the process.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 16 No 2 (2018)
Extreme Ultraviolet Emission in the Fornax Cluster of Galaxies
Creators: name: Bowyer, Stuart
name: Korpela, Eric
name: Berghoefer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present studies of the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) emission in the Fornax cluster of galaxies; a relatively nearby well-studied cluster with X-ray emitting cluster gas and a very large radio source. We examine both the large-scale (~size of the X-ray emitting cluster gas), and the small-scale (
description: 6 pages, 3 eps figures, aastex5, Accepted to ApJL
Additional file 1 of 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI for quantitatively monitoring demyelination and remyelination in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Creators: name: Zhang, Min
name: Liu, Jun
name: Li, Biao
name: Chen, Sheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. T1 weighted MR with gadolinium in the patient with ADEM before treatment. It showed disseminated subcortical lesions (white arrow) with marginal mild enhancement and central “black hole”, suggesting destruction of blood-brain barrier and axonal loss. Table S1. SUVR of the VOIs in the representative DWMs, NAWMs and right cerebellum. Figure S2. Change of SUVR in the five DWM lesions between pre-treatment and post-treatment.
The Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan for Torroella de Montgrí, Girona, Spain
Creators: name: Baquer, Francesc
name: Plana, Laura
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: The Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) for Torroella de Montgrí — Pla Estratègic Municipal de Mobilitat Sostenible — is a strategic planning document that proposes a territorial and urban project for the municipality. Its goal is to guide the transition process of a car-oriented territory towards a inclusive model based on the improvement of the accessibility, the respect for the environment and the collective well-being. The shape of the territory is in the centre of the proposed projects, which support the idea of a polycentric and open territory where the empty space becomes a fundamental project figure, acquiring a primary role in relation to the constructed space. The hypothesis supported by the SUMP is that it is possible to reduce the external costs of the current territorial model based on private car use with a collective project on mobility spaces.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 16 No 2 (2018)
Clifford-based spectral action and renormalization group analysis of the gauge couplings
Creators: name: Aydemir, Ufuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spectral Action Principle in noncommutative geometry derives the actions of the Standard Model and General Relativity (along with several other gravitational terms) by reconciling them in a geometric setting, and hence offers an explanation for their common origin. However, one of the requirements in the minimal formalism, unification of the gauge coupling constants, is not satisfied, since the basic construction does not introduce anything new that can change the renormalization group (RG) running of the Standard Model. On the other hand, it has been recently argued that incorporating structure of the Clifford algebra into the finite part of the spectral triple, the main object that encodes the complete information of a noncommutative space, gives rise to five additional scalar fields in the basic framework. We investigate whether these scalars can help to achieve unification. We perform a RG analysis at the one-loop level, allowing possible mass values of these scalars to float from the electroweak scale to the putative unification scale. We show that out of twenty configurations of mass hierarchy in total, there does not exist even a single case that can lead to unification. In consequence, we confirm that the spectral action formalism requires a model-construction scheme beyond the (modified) minimal framework.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, 1 table of results; matches the published version
Memorie dal sottosuolo. Strategie di riciclo nei paesaggi minerari del Sulcis-Iglesiente
Creators: name: Padoa Schioppa, Caterina
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: Brownfields, greyfields and greenfields — as wastelands are today commonly catalogued — have grown exponentially in the last half-century, almost as much as urban sprawl. Since the early 1990s most thoughtful landscape architects, urban planners and architects have acknowledged the transformative potential of those territories. The paper addresses this theme from a theoretical and experimental point of view, focusing in the legacy left by a long history of mining exploitation in the Sulcis-Iglesiente area in Sardinia.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 16 No 2 (2018)
StrinGRID. Paesaggio, rigenerazione e reti di relazioni nel progetto dello spazio pubblico urbano
Creators: name: Terracciano, Anna
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2019

description: The concept of landscape, as an interpretative and design device, is particularly useful to recognize the implicit transformative potential into the hybrid and widespread condition of contemporary city and territory. In this sense, to recycle places and materials, and more generally the urban regeneration is not more an isolate act, but a process to build new material and immaterial networks. The reflections by this paper speak about the participation in an Ideas Context finalized to regenerate the public spaces in an urban centre of Napoli’s Metropolitan City. This project is not only an opportunity to rethink the urban design, but the intention is to build a landscape network able to penetrate and engage the two principal territorial systems, urban and rural, working on continuity elements, identity paths, limits and moreover on the relational dimension of spaces and urban functions.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 16 No 2 (2018)