cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Bogoliubov inequality and the nature of Bose-Einstein condensates for interacting atoms in spatial dimensions $D \le 2$
Creators: name: Alexanian, Moorad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the restriction placed by the Bogoliubov inequality on the nature of the Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) for interacting atoms in a spatial dimension D - 2 and in the presence of an external arbitrary potential, which may be a confining "box", a periodic, or a disordered potential. The atom-atom interaction gives rise to a (gauge invariance) symmetry-breaking term that places further restrictions on BECs in the form of a consistency proviso. The necessary condition for the existence of a BEC in D - 2 in all cases is macroscopic occupation of many single-particle momenta states with the origin a limit point (or accumulation point) of condensates. It is shown that the nature of BECs for noninteracting atoms in a disordered potential is precisely the same as that of BECs for interacting atoms in the absence of an external potential.
From Classical to Quantum Shannon Theory
Creators: name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The aim of this book is to develop "from the ground up" many of the major, exciting, pre- and post-millenium developments in the general area of study known as quantum Shannon theory. As such, we spend a significant amount of time on quantum mechanics for quantum information theory (Part II), we give a careful study of the important unit protocols of teleportation, super-dense coding, and entanglement distribution (Part III), and we develop many of the tools necessary for understanding information transmission or compression (Part IV). Parts V and VI are the culmination of this book, where all of the tools developed come into play for understanding many of the important results in quantum Shannon theory.
description: v8: 774 pages, 301 exercises, 81 figures, several corrections; this draft, pre-publication copy is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/), "Quantum Information Theory, Second Edition" is available for purchase from Cambridge University Press
Exercise influence on taxane side effects in women with breast cancer
Creators: name: Bland, Kelcey Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Taxane-based chemotherapy is frequently administered to treat breast cancer. However, side effects of taxanes include chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and cardiovascular complications, which negatively impact patient quality of life and long-term health. Exercise can significantly reduce cancer treatment side effects. However, information on exercise’s influence on taxane-specific side effects is limited. The primary aim of this dissertation was to evaluate the effect of exercise on taxane side effects, including CIPN and cardiovascular outcomes, in women with breast cancer. METHODS: Women with early-stage breast cancer were randomized to thrice-weekly exercise (EX) or usual care (UC) during taxane chemotherapy (4 cycles, 2-3 weeks apart). Patient-reported CIPN symptoms and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30 + CIPN20 subscale), clinical CIPN tests (vibration sensation and pinprick), patient-reported pain (Brief Pain Inventory) and cardiovascular outcomes, including heart rate and blood pressure at rest, and during and after submaximal exercise testing, were evaluated at baseline (pre-taxane chemotherapy) and end of chemotherapy. CIPN symptoms and quality of life were also evaluated at 0-3 days pre-chemotherapy cycle 4. RESULTS: Twenty-four women enrolled (EX: n=11, UC: n=13). Patient-reported CIPN symptoms were significantly worse by the end of chemotherapy in both groups for sensory (p<0.01) and motor symptoms (p=0.04), with a trend towards reduced sensory symptom progression among exercisers (p=0.08). Significantly more participants in the usual care group had impaired vibration sensation at 0-3 days pre-chemotherapy cycle 4 at the left interphalangeal joint (UC: 80%, EX: 10%, p<0.01), with a similar trend for the right interphalangeal joint (UC: 60%, EX: 10% p=0.06). Resting heart rate was significantly lower by the end of chemotherapy in the exercise group (EX: 71±2, UC: 77±2 bpm, p<0.05). The exercise group also had significantly lower heart rates during submaximal exercise testing (p<0.01) and significantly faster heart rate recovery (p=0.02) by the end of chemotherapy. Lastly, a non-significant trend towards higher blood pressure during submaximal exercise testing was observed among the usual care group by the end of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary evidence supporting the positive influence of exercise on CIPN and cardiovascular outcomes in early-stage breast cancer patients undergoing taxane chemotherapy.
HETDEX pilot survey for emission-line galaxies - I. Survey design, performance, and catalog
Creators: name: Adams, Joshua J.
name: Blanc, Guillermo A.
name: Hill, Gary J.
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Drory, Niv
name: Hao, Lei
name: Bender, Ralf
name: Byun, Joyce
name: Ciardullo, Robin
name: Cornell, Mark E.
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Fry, Alex
name: Gawiser, Eric
name: Gronwall, Caryl
name: Hopp, Ulrich
name: Jeong, Donghui
name: Kelz, Andreas
name: Kelzenberg, Ralf
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
name: MacQueen, Phillip J.
name: Murphy, Jeremy
name: Odoms, P. Samuel
name: Roth, Martin
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Tufts, Joseph R.
name: Wilkinson, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of emission-line galaxies selected solely by their emission-line fluxes using a wide-field integral field spectrograph. This work is partially motivated as a pilot survey for the upcoming Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). We describe the observations, reductions, detections, redshift classifications, line fluxes, and counterpart information for 397 emission-line galaxies detected over 169 sq.arcmin with a 3500-5800 Ang. bandpass under 5 Ang. full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) spectral resolution. The survey's best sensitivity for unresolved objects under photometric conditions is between 4-20 E-17 erg/s/sq.cm depending on the wavelength, and Ly-alpha luminosities between 3-6 E42 erg/s are detectable. This survey method complements narrowband and color-selection techniques in the search for high redshift galaxies with its different selection properties and large volume probed. The four survey fields within the COSMOS, GOODS-N, MUNICS, and XMM-LSS areas are rich with existing, complementary data. We find 104 galaxies via their high redshift Ly-alpha emission at 1.944 sq.arcsec which appear to be extended Ly-alpha nebulae. We also find three high-z objects with rest frame Ly-alpha equivalent widths above the level believed to be achievable with normal star formation, EW(rest)>240 Ang.
description: 45 pages, 36 figures, 5 tables, submitted to ApJS
Empfehlungen der Ständigen Impfkommission (STIKO) beim Robert Koch-Institut 2022
Creators: name: Ständige Impfkommission (STIKO)
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: STIKO
subject: Impfungen
subject: Impfempfehlungen
subject: Schutzimpfungen
subject: Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Impfempfehlungen der STIKO wurden auf der 100. Sitzung der STIKO verabschiedet. Die im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 4/2022 publizierten Ausführungen ersetzen die zuletzt dort 34/2021 veröffentlichten Impfempfehlungen. Die wesentlichen inhaltlichen Änderungen und Ergänzungen zu den Empfehlungen 2021 sind die Aktualisierung des Abschnitts „Hinweise zur Durchführung von Schutzimpfungen“ inkl. neuem Teil zu „Impfungen zum Schutz der reproduktiven Gesundheit, bei Kinderwunsch und während Schwanger¬schaft und Stillzeit“.
Einführung von Kommunikationsstandards in Unternehmensnetzwerken – ein gestaltungsorientierter Ansatz bei dezentraler Entscheidungsstruktur
Creators: name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Klier, Mathias
name: Bewernik, Marc-Andre
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Aktuell diskutierte Standards und Technologien (bspw. im Bereich Web Services) werden die IT-gestützte Kommunikation zwischen Unternehmen stark verändern. Die Standardisierungsentscheidung geht jedoch mit dem Risiko einher, einen Standard einzuführen, den andere Unternehmen danach nicht verwenden. Somit entsteht durch die netzeffektbedingte Interdependenz der Standardisierungsentscheidungen ein Koordinationsproblem, das Standardisierungsproblem. Handelt es sich dabei um autonom entscheidende Akteure (bspw. eigenständige Unternehmen), denen die Standardisierungsentscheidungen der anderen Akteure im Netzwerk nicht bekannt sind, liegt das Standardisierungsproblem bei dezentraler Entscheidungsstruktur und unvollständiger Information vor. Die Akteure müssen folglich jeweils unter Unsicherheit über die eigene Einführung eines Standards entscheiden. Um daraus resultierende Ineffizienzen zu reduzieren und Fehlentscheidungen zu vermeiden, wird im Beitrag ein gestaltungsorientierter Ansatz entwickelt. Dieser soll die einzelnen Akteure im Netzwerk unterstützen, die Standardisierungsentscheidungen der anderen Akteure und somit die im Falle einer Standardisierung resultierenden Netzeffekte zu antizipieren. Kern des Ansatzes ist es dabei, die Interdependenz der Entscheidungen modellendogen zu repräsentieren und das resultierende Gleichungssystem zu lösen.
Easy Dirac Gauginos
Creators: name: Abel, Steven
name: Goodsell, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple and natural model is presented that gives Dirac gauginos. The configuration is related to "deconstructed gaugino mediation". A high energy completion is provided based on existing ISS-like models of deconstructed gaugino mediation. This provides a complete picture of Dirac gauginos that includes the necessary extra adjoint fermions (generated as magnetic quarks of the ISS theory) and supersymmetry breaking (via the ISS mechanism). Moreover the screening of the scalar masses means that they can similar to or less than the gaugino masses, even though the supersymmetry breaking is driven by F-terms.
description: 32 pages, axodraw4j
The IACOB project: The elusive detection of massive O-type stars close to the ZAMS
Creators: name: Holgado, G.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Haemmerlé, L.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Barbá, R. H.
name: Cerviño, M.
name: Castro, N.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Arias, J. I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: stars: early-type
stars: massive
Hertzsprung-Russell and colour-magnitude diagrams
stars: evolution
stars: formation
techniques: spectroscopic

description: The apparent lack of massive O-type stars near the Zero Age Main Sequence (at ages < 2 Myr) has been a topic widely discussed. Different explanations for this elusive detection have been proposed, but no firm conclusions have been reached yet. We perform a reassessment of this empirical result benefiting from the high quality spectroscopic observations of >400 Galactic O-type stars gathered by the IACOB and OWN surveys. We use temperatures and gravities from a iacob-gbat/fastwind spectroscopic analysis to locate our sample in the Kiel and spectroscopic HR diagrams. We evaluate the completeness of our sample of stars, observational biases using information from the Galactic O star catalog (GOSC), systematics of our methodology, and compare with other recent studies using smaller samples of Galactic O-type stars. We base our discussion on the spectroscopic HR diagram to avoid the use of uncertain distances. We perform a detailed study of the young cluster Trumpler-14 as an example of how Gaia cluster distances can help to construct the associated classical HR diagram. The apparent lack of massive O-type stars near the ZAMS with masses between 30 and 70 Msol persist despite using spectroscopic results from a large, non-biased sample of stars. We do not find correlations between the dearth of stars and observational biases, limitations of our methodology, or the use of spectroscopic HR diagram instead of the classical one. Investigating the efficiency of mass accretion during the formation process we conclude that an adjustment of the accretion rate towards lower values could reconcile the hotter boundary of detected O-type stars and the theoretical birthline. Last, we discuss that the presence of a small sample of O2-O3.5 stars found closer to the ZAMS could be explained taking into account non-standard star evolution (e.g. binary interaction, mergers, or homogeneous evolution).
description: {"references": ["Brott, I., et al. 2011, A&A, 530, A115", "Eldridge, J. J., Langer, N. & Tout C. A. 2011, MNRAS, 414, 3501", "Garmany, C. D., Conti, P. S. & Chiosi C. 1982, ApJ, 263, 777", "Haemmerl\u00e9, L., et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A137", "Herrero, A., et al. 2007, ASPC, 367, 67", "Massey, P., et al. 1995, ApJ, 438, 188", "Sana H., et al. 2012, Science, 337, 444", "Schneider, F. R. N., et al. 2019, Nature, 574, 211", "Vanbeveren, D., De Loore, C. & Van Rensbergen, W. 1998, A&ARv, 9, 63", "Wang, C., et al. 2020, ApJL, 888, L12", "de Mink, S. E., et al. 2014, ApJ, 782, 7"]}
Elementary Statistics on Trial (the case of Lucia de Berk)
Creators: name: Gill, Richard D.
name: Groeneboom, Piet
name: de Jong, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62P99

description: In the conviction of Lucia de Berk an important role was played by a simple hypergeometric model, used by the expert consulted by the court, which produced very small probabilities of occurrences of certain numbers of incidents. We want to draw attention to the fact that, if we take into account the variation among nurses in incidents they experience during their shifts, these probabilities can become considerably larger. This points to the danger of using an oversimplified discrete probability model in these circumstances.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables
Spectator Behavior in a Quantum Hall Antidot with Multiple Bound Modes
Creators: name: Lee, W. -R.
name: Sim, H. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study Aharonov-Bohm resonances in an antidot system with multiple bound modes in the integer quantum Hall regime, taking capacitive interactions between the modes into account. We find the spectator behavior that the resonances of some modes disappear and instead are replaced by those of other modes, due to internal charge relaxation between the modes. This behavior is a possible origin of the features of previous experimental data which remain unexplained, spectator behavior in an antidot molecule and resonances in a single antidot with three modes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letters
Let's map it out : the everyday health information seeking behaviours of LGBTQ youth in Prince George, BC
Creators: name: Hawkins, Blake
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Purpose: There is a growing body of literature concerning the health information seeking behaviours of LGBTQ youth. However, these studies typically involve just gay, bisexual, and lesbian sexual health. The purpose of this project is to better understand the everyday health information seeking behaviours of LGBTQ youth and where they prefer to visit to access health information. As most of the previous research has been completed in urban settings, this project was completed in a smaller Northern British Columbia city – Prince George, BC. Methods: This project included 11 LGBTQ youth who participated in five participatory mapping and focus group activities. In groups of two or three, the youth would begin by labeling a map of Prince George places they prefer, somewhat prefer and dislike to visit for health information. Afterwards, focus groups were completed to ask follow up questions about the youths’ health information seeking behaviours. Once the activities were completed the interviews were coded based on inductive themes, and analyzed with theories from everyday health information seeking behaviours and critical geographies of sexuality, emotion, and cyberspaces. Results: Six themes became apparent from the content analysis and review of the data: 1) Negative impressions; 2) Convenience; 3) Social costs; 4) Comfort; 5) Queer friendly spaces; 6) Quality of information. Conclusions: Based on the experiences shared by the participants, factors were identified that contribute to the everyday health information seeking behaviours or places LGBTQ youth prefer to visit for this information. These youth were well informed about their health, and wanted to find the best information for their health needs. Furthermore, the work demonstrated that there are connections made between different places or spaces and LGBTQ youth information behaviour.
The Sudden Death of the Nearest Quasar
Creators: name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Evans, Daniel A.
name: Virani, Shanil
name: Urry, C. Megan
name: Keel, William C.
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
name: Lintott, Chris J.
name: Manning, Anna
name: Coppi, Paolo
name: Kaviraj, Sugata
name: Bamford, Steven P.
name: Jozsa, Gyula I. G.
name: Garrett, Michael
name: van Arkel, Hanny
name: Gay, Pamela
name: Fortson, Lucy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy formation is significantly modulated by energy output from supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies which grow in highly efficient luminous quasar phases. The timescale on which black holes transition into and out of such phases is, however, unknown. We present the first measurement of the shutdown timescale for an individual quasar using X-ray observations of the nearby galaxy IC 2497, which hosted a luminous quasar no more than 70,000 years ago that is still seen as a light echo in `Hanny's Voorwerp', but whose present-day radiative output is lower by at least 2 and more likely by over 4 orders of magnitude. This extremely rapid shutdown provides new insights into the physics of accretion in supermassive black holes, and may signal a transition of the accretion disk to a radiatively inefficient state.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Astrophysical Journal Letters, in press
An Introduction to Counting Orbifolds
Creators: name: Davey, John
name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Seong, Rak-Kyeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review three methods of counting abelian orbifolds of the form C^3/Gamma which are toric Calabi-Yau (CY). The methods include the use of 3-tuples to define the action of Gamma on C^3, the counting of triangular toric diagrams and the construction of hexagonal brane tilings. A formula for the partition function that counts these orbifolds is given. Extensions to higher dimensional orbifolds are briefly discussed.
description: 6 pages. Accepted for publication in the proceedings of the XVIth European Workshop on String Theory
Energy conditions and entropy density of the universe
Creators: name: Liu, Wen-Fei
name: Niu, Jing
name: Li, Juan
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model, the energy conditions provides model-independent bounds on the behavior of the distance modulus. However, this method can not provide us the detailed information about the violation between the energy conditions and the observation. In this paper, we present an extended analysis of the energy conditions based upon the entropy density of the universe. On the one hand, we find that these conditions imply that entropy density s depends on Hubble parameter H(z). On the other hand, we compare the theoretical entropy density from the conservation law of energy-momentum tensor with that from the energy conditions using the observational Hubble parameter. When we consider a FLRW universe, according to the theoretical prediction, OHD, thermodynamics and several independent cosmological probes, show that the dominant energy condition is fitter than other energy conditions.
description: 6 pages,4 figures;published in Results in Physics
Вибір сталей активної зони електродвигунів літаків
Creators: name: Зубань Євген Станіславович
name: Володимирівна, Шевченко Валентина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: електричні машини
асинхронні двигуни
електродвигуни літаків
магнітопровід

description: Українською: [Зубань Є.С., Шевченко В.В. Вибір сталей активної зони електродвигунів літаків // Матеріали ХІ Міжнародної  науково-практичної  студентської  конференції магістрантів (18-21 квітня 2017 року), у 3-х частинах, частина 2 (ISBN 978-617-05-0238-4), секція 9 "Електромеханічні та електричні перетворювачі". - Україна, Харків: НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. - С. 24-25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2598556]

Ключові слова: електричні машини, асинхронні двигуни, електродвигуни літаків, магнітопровід.

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description: {"references": ["\u0428\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043d \u042e.\u0412. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 // \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432: \u041d\u0422\u0423 \"\u0425\u041f\u0406\". \u2013 \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u0456 \u0415\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430. \u2013 2006. \u2013 \u2116 6. \u2013 \u0421. 54-56.", "\u0413\u0435\u0442\u044f \u0410.\u041d., \u0428\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043d \u042e.\u0412., \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0412.\u0410. \u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 // \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432: \u041d\u0422\u0423 \"\u0425\u041f\u0418\". \u2013 \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041d\u0422\u0423 \"\u0425\u041f\u0418\". \u2013 2003. \u2013 \u211611. \u2013 \u0421. 28-35."]}
Experiments with Infinite-Horizon, Policy-Gradient Estimation
Creators: name: Baxter, J.
name: Bartlett, P. L.
name: Weaver, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present algorithms that perform gradient ascent of the average reward in a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). These algorithms are based on GPOMDP, an algorithm introduced in a companion paper (Baxter and Bartlett, this volume), which computes biased estimates of the performance gradient in POMDPs. The algorithm's chief advantages are that it uses only one free parameter beta, which has a natural interpretation in terms of bias-variance trade-off, it requires no knowledge of the underlying state, and it can be applied to infinite state, control and observation spaces. We show how the gradient estimates produced by GPOMDP can be used to perform gradient ascent, both with a traditional stochastic-gradient algorithm, and with an algorithm based on conjugate-gradients that utilizes gradient information to bracket maxima in line searches. Experimental results are presented illustrating both the theoretical results of (Baxter and Bartlett, this volume) on a toy problem, and practical aspects of the algorithms on a number of more realistic problems.
Green/Tradewater River Basin in Kentucky
Creators: name: Carey, Daniel I.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2009

description: Abstract:
The total area of the Green/Tradewater River Basin is 11,500 square miles, including 410 square miles in Tennessee. More than one-fouth of Kentucky lies in the basin, including all or parts of 35 Kentucky counties. The basin contains nearly 23,600 miles of streams, including 1,580 miles in Tennessee. The Green River Basin contains over 9,230 square miles, including 410 square miles in Tennessee.
From an elevation of 1,384 feet on a ridge in Lincoln County, water flows west 385 miles down the Green River to its confluence with the Ohio River east of Henderson at an elevation of 342 feet. From an elevation of 710 feet on a ridge in Christian County, water flows north 135 miles down the Tradewater River to its confluence with the Ohio River on the Crittenden-Union County line at an elevation of 324 feet.
Residents of the Green/Tradewater Basin draw about 88 million gallons of water per day from streams and reservoirs in the basin. On average, about 7,160 million gallons per day (mgd) flow out of the Green River Basin, and 725 mgd from the Tradewater. About once every 10 years, the flow will be less than 105 mgd in the Green and zero in the Tradewater for a week. This variability in flow affects water users and stream life.
More than 2,500 miles of assessed streams in the basin do not support designated uses for: warm-water aquatic habitat (45%), fish consumption (48%), primary contact recreation (61%), and secondary contact recreation (45%). Nearly 400 miles of streams have been declared special use waters: either exceptional waters or reference reach waters.
There are seven remediation priority watersheds including 960 square miles: primary impacts are habitat alterations, siltation, pathogens, atrazine, nutrients, and low dissolved oxygen, caused by agriculture, mining, and stream and habitat modifications.
Sixteen large man-made lakes in the basin total 32,000 acres with 760 miles of shoreline.
The world-famous Mammoth Cave National Park lies within the basin.
The Pennyroyal Region of the basin is an area of intense karst, characterized by sinkholes and underground flow with few surface streams.
Lock and Dam 1 at mile 9.1 and 2 at mile 63.1 allow river transportation up to the closed Lock and Dam 3 at mile 108.5.
Kondo effect in interacting nanoscopic systems: Keldysh field integral theory
Creators: name: Smirnov, Sergey
name: Grifoni, Milena
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Kondo effect, quantum dots, Keldysh field integral, slave-bosons
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.15.Qm
subject: 72.10.Fk
subject: 73.22.-f
subject: 73.63.-b

description: Kondo physics in nonequilibrium interacting nanoscale devices is an attractive fundamental many-particle phenomenon with a rich potential for applications. Due to enormous complexity its clear and flexible theory is still highly desirable. We develop a physically transparent analytical theory capable to correctly describe the Kondo effect in strongly interacting systems at temperatures close to and above the Kondo temperature. We derive a nonequilibrium Keldysh field theory valid for a system with any finite electron-electron interaction which is much stronger than the coupling of the system to contacts. Finite electron-electron interactions are treated involving as many slave-boson degrees of freedom as one needs for a concrete many-body system. In a small vicinity of the zero slave-bosonic field configuration weak slave-bosonic oscillations, induced by the dot-contacts tunneling, are described by an effective Keldysh action quadratic in the slave-bosonic fields. For clarity the theory is presented for the single impurity Anderson model but the construction of the Keldysh field integral is universal and applicable to systems with more complex many-body spectra.
A Model for Thermal Phase Variations of Circular and Eccentric Exoplanets
Creators: name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
name: Agol, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semi-analytic model atmosphere for close-in exoplanets that captures the essential physics of phase curves: orbital and viewing geometry, advection, and re-radiation. We calibrate the model with the well-characterized transiting planet, HD 189733b, then compute light curves for seven of the most eccentric transiting planets. We present phase variations for a variety of different radiative times and wind speeds. In the limit of instant re-radiation, the light curve morphology is entirely dictated by the planet's eccentricity and argument of pericenter: the light curve maximum leads or trails the eclipse depending on whether the planet is receding from or approaching the star at superior conjunction, respectively. For a planet with non-zero radiative timescales, the phase peak occurs early for super- rotating winds, and late for sub-rotating winds. We find that for a circular orbit, the timing of the phase variation maximum with respect to superior conjunction indicates the direction of the dominant winds, but cannot break the degeneracy between wind speed and radiative time. For circular planets the phase minimum occurs half an orbit away from the phase maximum -despite the fact that the coolest longitudes are always near the dawn terminator- and therefore does not convey any additional information. In general, increasing the advective frequency or the radiative time has the effect of reducing the peak-to-trough amplitude of phase variations, but there are interesting exceptions to these trends. Lastly, eccentric planets with orbital periods significantly longer than their radiative time exhibit "ringing" whereby the hot spot generated at periastron rotates in and out of view. The existence of ringing makes it possible to directly measure the wind speed (the frequency of the ringing) and the radiative time constant (the damping of the ringing).
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The Bulk Viscosity of a Pion Gas
Creators: name: Lu, Egang
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the bulk viscosity of a gas of pions at temperatures below the QCD crossover temperature, for the physical value of pion mass, to lowest order in chiral perturbation theory. Bulk viscosity is controlled by number-changing processes which become exponentially slow at low temperatures when the pions become exponentially dilute, leading to an exponentially large bulk viscosity zeta ~ (F_0^8/m_π^5) exp(2m_π/T), where F_0 = 93 MeV is the pion decay constant.
description: 13 pages, two figures
Economic evaluations in the context of treatment recommendations in spondyloarthritis : analyses from the DESIR cohort
Creators: name: Harvard, Stephanie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is an inflammatory disease comprising both ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial SpA. This thesis conducted four studies using data from DESIR, a longitudinal cohort of 708 French SpA patients, focusing on economic questions in the context of SpA treatment recommendations. The objectives of study 1 were to value health resource use and productivity loss among DESIR patients and identify factors associated with costs. Cost valuation was done using public data and factors associated with costs were identified in multivariate regression models. This study showed that anti-TNF agents were the greatest cost driver in DESIR and generated the cost outcomes necessary to perform economic evaluations using DESIR data. The objective of study 2 was to collaborate with rheumatologists to develop measurable definitions of adherence to SpA treatment recommendations. A Delphi survey was conducted with 15 rheumatologists, who developed measurable definitions for 6/11 recommendations. The study uncovered differences of opinion between rheumatologists and generated the classification system necessary to explore adherence to recommendations among DESIR patients. The objective of study 3 was to examine the effect of adherence to anti-TNF use recommendations on outcomes in DESIR. Employing alternate definitions of adherence, patients were classed as adherent anti-TNF users, non-adherent anti-TNF users, adherent non-users, and non-adherent non-users. Following one potential definition, non-adherent anti-TNF users had significantly increased non-biologic costs compared to adherent users, while non-adherent non-users had significantly worse health outcomes than adherent anti-TNF users. This study showed that the impact of adherence to anti-TNF recommendations is sensitive to the definition of adherence and highlighted the need to validate methods to measure adherence. The objective of study 4 was to explore whether the French anti-TNF access restrictions are the most cost-effective in that setting relative to other potential restrictions. Five separate datasets were created comprising DESIR patients satisfying different sets of anti-TNF access criteria. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) associated with anti-TNF use were calculated in each subset in basecase and sensitivity analyses. A sensitivity analysis simulating a 24-week stopping rule among anti-TNF non-responders demonstrated the effect of non-response on anti-TNF cost-effectiveness. The study underscored the need for evidence-informed anti-TNF access restrictions.
Local Quasiconvexity of Groups acting on Small Cancellation Complexes
Creators: name: Martinez-Pedroza, Eduardo
name: Wise, Daniel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F06

description: Given a group acting cellularly and cocompactly on a simply-connected 2-complex, we provide a criterion establishing that all finitely generated subgroups have quasiconvex orbits. This work generalizes the "perimeter method". As an application, we show that high-powered one-relator products $A \ast B / \nclose{r^n}$ are coherent if $A$ and $B$ are coherent.
Neurons segmentation - TEM - 2D U-Net - ZeroCostDL4Mic
Creators: name: ZeroCostDL4Mic Team
name: Pape, Constantin
name: DeepImageJ Team
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
zerocostdl4mic
deepimagej
segmentation
tem
unet
isbi2012-challenge
mitochondria
bondary-segmentation
2d

description: Download RDF Package

description: 2D UNet trained using ZeroCostDL4Mic notebooks on data from ISBI Challenge for neuron segmentation in Transmission Electron Microscopy images. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
Infinite-Horizon Policy-Gradient Estimation
Creators: name: Baxter, Jonathan
name: Bartlett, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gradient-based approaches to direct policy search in reinforcement learning have received much recent attention as a means to solve problems of partial observability and to avoid some of the problems associated with policy degradation in value-function methods. In this paper we introduce GPOMDP, a simulation-based algorithm for generating a {\em biased} estimate of the gradient of the {\em average reward} in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) controlled by parameterized stochastic policies. A similar algorithm was proposed by Kimura, Yamamura, and Kobayashi (1995). The algorithm's chief advantages are that it requires storage of only twice the number of policy parameters, uses one free parameter $β\in [0,1)$ (which has a natural interpretation in terms of bias-variance trade-off), and requires no knowledge of the underlying state. We prove convergence of GPOMDP, and show how the correct choice of the parameter $β$ is related to the {\em mixing time} of the controlled POMDP. We briefly describe extensions of GPOMDP to controlled Markov chains, continuous state, observation and control spaces, multiple-agents, higher-order derivatives, and a version for training stochastic policies with internal states. In a companion paper (Baxter, Bartlett, & Weaver, 2001) we show how the gradient estimates generated by GPOMDP can be used in both a traditional stochastic gradient algorithm and a conjugate-gradient procedure to find local optima of the average reward
Interpreting the Evolution of the Size - Luminosity Relation for Disk Galaxies from Redshift 1 to the Present
Creators: name: Brooks, Alyson
name: Solomon, Adam
name: Governato, Fabio
name: McCleary, Jacqueline
name: MacArthur, Lauren
name: Brook, Chris
name: Jonsson, Patrik
name: Quinn, Tom
name: Wadsley, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of very high resolution cosmological disk galaxy simulations is used to investigate the evolution of galaxy disk sizes back to redshift 1 within the Lambda CDM cosmology. Artificial images in the rest frame B band are generated, allowing for a measurement of disk scale lengths using surface brightness profiles as observations would, and avoiding any assumption that light must follow mass as previous models have assumed. We demonstrate that these simulated disks are an excellent match to the observed magnitude - size relation for both local disks, and for disks at z=1 in the magnitude/mass range of overlap. We disentangle the evolution seen in the population as a whole from the evolution of individual disk galaxies. In agreement with observations, our simulated disks undergo roughly 1.5 magnitudes/arcsec^2 of surface brightness dimming since z=1. We find evidence that evolution in the magnitude - size plane varies by mass, such that galaxies with M* > 10^9 M_sun undergo more evolution in size than luminosity, while dwarf galaxies tend to evolve potentially more in luminosity. The disks grow in such a way as to stay on roughly the same stellar mass - size relation with time. Finally, due to an evolving stellar mass - SFR relation, a galaxy at a given stellar mass (or size) at z=1 will reside in a more massive halo and have a higher SFR, and thus a higher luminosity, than a counterpart of the same stellar mass at z=0.
description: Version resubmitted to ApJ, after referee's comments
Searching for Top Flavor Violating Resonances
Creators: name: Gresham, Moira I.
name: Kim, Ian-Woo
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study new top flavor violating resonances that are singly produced in association with a top at the LHC. Such top flavor violating states could be responsible for the Tevatron top forward-backward asymmetry. Since top flavor violating states can directly decay to a top (or anti-top) and jet, and are produced in conjunction with another (oppositely charged) top, the direct signature of such states is a t j (or tbar j) resonance in t tbar j events. In general, these states can be very light and have O(1) couplings to the top sector so that they are copiously produced. We present a search strategy and estimate the discovery potential at the early LHC by implementing the strategy on simulated data. For example, with 1 fb^-1 at 7 TeV, we estimate that a W' coupling to d_R tbar_R can be constrained at the 3 sigma level for g_R = 1 and m_W' = 200 GeV, weakening to g_R = 1.75 for m_W' = 600 GeV. With the search we advocate here, a bound at a similar level could be obtained for top flavor violating Z's, as well as triplet and sextet diquarks.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, revtex 4
title: A propensity score matched analysis of long-term mortality outcomes in patients aged 50 to 70 years after isolated mechanical versus bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement in Newfoundland and Labrador
Creators: name: Buckley, Alvan
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: OBJECTIVE: Compare long-term mortality of patients after mechanical versus bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement in Newfoundland and Labrador METHODS: Retrospective cohort analysis of patients aged 50 to 70 years who underwent aortic valve replacement in Newfoundland and Labrador between 2006 and 2014. A logistic regression propensity score generated a subset of 52 matched patients. The long-term outcome of survival was assessed. RESULTS: Of 189 patients included, 135 (71%) received mechanical valves, while 54 (29%) received bioprosthetic valves. The mean age in the matched group was 63 (mechanical) and 64 years (bioprosthetic) (P = 0.64). Mean follow-up was 8.1 (maximum 13.8) years. Survival at 30 days, 1, 5, and 10 years was: 100%, 96%, 85%, and 81% (mechanical) versus 100%, 96%, 89%, and 67% (bioprosthetic). The hazard ratio for mortality between mechanical and bioprosthetic valves was 0.64 (95% CI 0.18-2.3, P = 0.491). Secondary outcomes revealed that the most common cause of death to be cardiovascular in etiology (39%), followed by malignancies (27%). CONCLUSIONS: We found no statistically significant difference in long-term survival in patients aged 50 to 70 years after mechanical versus bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement.
Analysis of the evolutionary relationship and geographical patterns of genetically varied populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.)
Creators: name: You, Shijun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is well known for its extensive adaptation and distribution, high level of genetic variation and polymorphism, and strong resistance to a broad range of synthetic insecticides. Although understanding of the P. xylostella biology and ecology has been considerably improved, knowledge on the genetic basis of these traits remains surprisingly limited. Based on data generated by different sets of molecular markers, we uncovered the history of evolutionary origin and regional dispersal, identified the patterns of genetic diversity and variation, characterized the demographic history, and revealed natural and human-aided factors that are potentially responsible for contemporary distribution of P. xylostella. These findings rewrite our understanding of this exceptional system, revealing that South America might be a potential origin of P. xylostella, and recently colonized across most parts of the world resulting possibly from intensified human activities. With the data from selected continents, we demonstrated signatures of localized selection associated with environmental adaptation and insecticide resistance of P. xylostella. This work brings us to a better understanding of the regional movement and genetic bases on rapid adaptation and development of agrochemical resistance, and provides a solid foundation for better monitoring and management of this worldwide herbivore and forecast of regional pest status of P. xylostella, by taking a cost-effective response to insecticide resistance and better implementation of biological control programs.
Xclim: Climate Data Processing and Analysis for Everyone
Creators: name: Smith, Trevor James
name: Bourgault, Pascal
Publisher: name: PyData
Year: 2023
Subjects: climate
python
Big Data
pydata
xclim

description: Xclim is a climate analysis library developed by Ouranos since 2018, with funding from Environment and Climate Change Canada. It forms the core of the ClimateData.ca climate data analysis platform, offering customizable climate indicators for Canadian climate projections.
Xclim was created to address key challenges in climate change data processing, including handling terabyte- and petabyte-scale model outputs, tailoring indicators for specific industries affected by climate change, and providing statistically relevant information for non-specialists seeking to understand climate impacts.
Leveraging the power of xarray and dask, xclim equips researchers with unique tools, including climate model ensemble selection, bias adjustment, climate data quality checks, adherence to Climate and Forecast Convention standards, and the ability to compute over 150 pertinent climate indicators across vast datasets.
Whether you're an experienced climate scientist or new to the field, this presentation offers valuable insights into harnessing xclim to unlock the potential of climate data, enabling data-driven decisions and contributing to a sustainable future.
Asteroseismology of the Transiting Exoplanet Host HD 17156 with HST FGS
Creators: name: Gilliland, Ronald L.
name: McCullough, Peter R.
name: Nelan, Edmund P.
name: Brown, Timothy M.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Nutzman, Philip
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, Joergen
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations conducted with the Fine Guidance Sensor on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) providing high cadence and precision time-series photometry were obtained over 10 consecutive days in December 2008 on the host star of the transiting exoplanet HD 17156b. During this time 10^12 photons (corrected for detector deadtime) were collected in which a noise level of 163 parts per million per 30 second sum resulted, thus providing excellent sensitivity to detection of the analog of the solar 5-minute p-mode oscillations. For HD 17156 robust detection of p-modes supports determination of the stellar mean density of 0.5301 +/- 0.0044 g/cm^3 from a detailed fit to the observed frequencies of modes of degree l = 0, 1, and 2. This is the first star for which direct determination of the mean stellar density has been possible using both asteroseismology and detailed analysis of a transiting planet light curve. Using the density constraint from asteroseismology, and stellar evolution modeling results in M_star = 1.285 +/- 0.026 solar, R_star = 1.507 +/- 0.012 solar, and a stellar age of 3.2 +/- 0.3 Gyr.
description: Accepted by ApJ; 16 pages, 18 figures
Conformal field theory and the hot phase of three-dimensional U(1) gauge theory
Creators: name: Caselle, Michele
name: Nada, Alessandro
name: Panero, Marco
name: Vadacchino, Davide
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2019

description: We study the high-temperature phase of compact U(1) gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions, comparing the results of lattice calculations with analytical predictions from the conformal-field-theory description of the low-temperature phase of the bidimensional XY model. We focus on the two-point correlation functions of probe charges and the field-strength operator, finding excellent quantitative agreement with the functional form and the continuously varying critical indices predicted by conformal field theory.