cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Correlating Mu Parameter and Right-Handed Neutrino Masses in N=1 Supergravity
Creators: name: Demir, D.
name: Farzan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal supersymmetric standard model, when extended to embed the seesaw mechanism, obtains two dimensionful parameters in its superpotential: the mu parameter and the right-handed neutrino mass M_N. These mass parameters, belonging to the supersymmetric sector of the theory, pose serious naturalness problems as their scales are left completely undetermined. In fact, for correct phenomenology, mu must be stabilized at the electroweak scale while M_N lies at an intermediate scale. In this work we construct an explicit model of the hidden sector of N=1 supergravity for inducing both mu and M_N at their right scales. The model we build utilizes lepton number conservation and continuous R invariance as two fundamental global symmetries to forbid bare mu and M_N appearing in the superpotential, and induces them at phenomenologically desired scales via spontaneous breakdown of the global symmetries and the supergravity. We discuss briefly various phenomenological implications of the model.
description: 20 pp, 1 eps fig
Stable de Sitter vacua in N=2, D=5 supergravity
Creators: name: Cosemans, Bert
name: Smet, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find 5D gauged supergravity theories exhibiting stable de Sitter vacua. These are the first examples of stable de Sitter vacua in higher-dimensional (D>4) supergravity. Non-compact gaugings with tensor multiplets and R-symmetry gauging seem to be the essential ingredients in these models. They are however not sufficient to guarantee stable de Sitter vacua, as we show by investigating several other models. The qualitative behaviour of the potential also seems to depend crucially on the geometry of the scalar manifold.
description: 26 pages, v2:typos corrected, published version
title: Johanna Goldschmidt. “Our children are not here for us, we are here for them.” New educational ideals in the spirit of 1848
Creators: name: Grolle, Ingeborg
Publisher: name: Institute for the History of the German Jews
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Education and Learning
subject: Family and Everyday Life
subject: Social Issues and Welfare

description: In the summer of 1849, Hoffmann & Campe published a book entitled “Muttersorgen und Mutterfreuden. Worte der Liebe und des Ernstes über Kindheitspflege. Von einer Mutter. Mit einer Vorrede vom Seminardirector Diesterweg“ [“A Mother’s Cares and Joys. Words of Love and Seriousness about Childhood Care. From a mother. With a preface by Seminardirector Diesterweg.”]. The author was Johanna Goldschmidt from Hamburg, who presented her thoughts on child rearing in eleven chapters and a total of 220 pages. Her ideas were influenced by her personal experiences as a mother as well as by the movement of reform pedagogy. In his preface the well-known pedagogue Adolph Diesterweg praised the simple and clear style of the manuscript, writing that a “place of honor” should be given to the manuscript (Preface, p. XI). He subsequently began a correspondence with Johanna Goldschmidt. In their mutual exchange, the two deepened the discussion about ideas on early childhood education. They are reproduced in K. Müller, Kulturreaktion in Preussen im 19. Jahrhundert. Mit einem Anhang Briefe Fröbels und Diesterwegs, Berlin 1929, pp. 110-168. Originals of these letters are in the manuscript department of the Hamburg State and University Library. Unfortunately, Johanna Goldschmidt’s letters in response to Diesterweg have not been preserved. In contrast to previous publications, Johanna Goldschmidt focused on the infant and thus on the early phase of the toddler, which had previously been neglected in educational considerations.
Time-dependent high-contrast subwavelength resonators
Creators: name: Ammari, Habib
name: Hiltunen, Erik Orvehed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J05, 35C20, 35P20

description: In the field of metamaterials, many intriguing phenomena arise from having a structure which is periodic in space. In time-dependent structures, conceptually similar properties can arise, which nevertheless have fundamentally different physical implications. In this work, we study time-dependent systems in the context of subwavelength metamaterials. The main result is a capacitance matrix characterization of the band structure, which generalizes previous recent work on static subwavelength metamaterials. This characterization provides both theoretical insight and efficient numerical methods to compute the dispersion relationship of time-dependent structures. We exemplify this in several structures exhibiting interesting wave manipulation properties.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures. Improved writing and typos corrected compared to v1
Photometric Redshift Estimation with a Convolutional Neural Network: NetZ
Creators: name: Schuldt, S.
name: Suyu, S. H.
name: Cañameras, R.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Meinhardt, T.
name: Leal-Taixé, L.
name: Hsieh, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshifts of galaxies are a key attribute that is needed for nearly all extragalactic studies. Since spectroscopic redshifts require additional telescope and human resources, millions of galaxies are known without spectroscopic redshifts. Therefore, it is crucial to have methods for estimating the redshift of a galaxy based on its photometric properties, the so-called photo-$z$. We developed NetZ, a new method using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to predict the photo-$z$ based on galaxy images, in contrast to previous methods which often used only the integrated photometry of galaxies without their images. We use data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) in five different filters as training data. The network over the whole redshift range between 0 and 4 performs well overall and especially in the high-$z$ range better than other methods on the same data. We obtain an accuracy $|z_\text{pred}-z_\text{ref}|$ of $σ= 0.12$ (68% confidence interval) with a CNN working for all galaxy types averaged over all galaxies in the redshift range of 0 to $\sim$4. By limiting to smaller redshift ranges or to Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs), we find a further notable improvement. We publish more than 34 million new photo-$z$ values predicted with NetZ here. This shows that the new method is very simple and fast to apply, and, importantly, covers a wide redshift range limited only by the available training data. It is broadly applicable and beneficial to imaging surveys, particularly upcoming surveys like the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time which will provide images of billions of galaxies with similar image quality as HSC.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 catalog, published in A&A
Operator complexity: a journey to the edge of Krylov space
Creators: name: Rabinovici, E.
name: Sánchez-Garrido, A.
name: Shir, R.
name: Sonner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heisenberg time evolution under a chaotic many-body Hamiltonian $H$ transforms an initially simple operator into an increasingly complex one, as it spreads over Hilbert space. Krylov complexity, or `K-complexity', quantifies this growth with respect to a special basis, generated by $H$ by successive nested commutators with the operator. In this work we study the evolution of K-complexity in finite-entropy systems for time scales greater than the scrambling time $t_s>\log (S)$. We prove rigorous bounds on K-complexity as well as the associated Lanczos sequence and, using refined parallelized algorithms, we undertake a detailed numerical study of these quantities in the SYK$_4$ model, which is maximally chaotic, and compare the results with the SYK$_2$ model, which is integrable. While the former saturates the bound, the latter stays exponentially below it. We discuss to what extent this is a generic feature distinguishing between chaotic vs. integrable systems.
description: v2: published version
N-body simulations of dark matter with frequent self-interactions
Creators: name: Fischer, Moritz S.
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Ragagnin, Antonio
name: Robertson, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) models have the potential to solve the small-scale problems that arise in the cold dark matter paradigm. Simulations are a powerful tool for studying SIDM in the context of astrophysics, but it is numerically challenging to study differential cross-sections that favour small-angle scattering, as in light-mediator models. Here, we present a novel approach to model frequent scattering based on an effective drag force, which we have implemented into the N-body code gadget-3. In a range of test problems, we demonstrate that our implementation accurately models frequent scattering. Our implementation can be used to study differences between SIDM models that predict rare and frequent scattering. We simulate core formation in isolated dark matter haloes, as well as major mergers of galaxy clusters and find that SIDM models with rare and frequent interactions make different predictions. In particular, frequent interactions are able to produce larger offsets between the distribution of galaxies and dark matter in equal-mass mergers.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures + appendices, accepted for publication in MNRAS
LONG-TERM FORECASTING OF INTERNATIONAL FOREST PRODUCT MARKETS: THE GFPM MODEL AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EUROPE
Creators: name: Buongiorno, Joseph
name: Zhang, Dali
name: Rytkonen, Antti
name: Zhang, Yibing
name: Zhu, Shushuai
name: Tomberlin, David
name: Buongiorno, Joseph
name: Zhang, Dali
name: Rytkonen, Antti
name: Zhang, Yibing
name: Zhu, Shushuai
name: Tomberlin, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The Global Forest Products Model (GFPM) was developed to upgrade the FAO methodology for forest products outlook projections. Its purpose is to analyze and project the consumption, production, trade, and prices of forest products. The system deals with 180 individual countries, three classes of roundwood, sawnwood, three kinds of panels, three of pulp, waste paper, and three types of paper and paperboard. The system is built on market equilibrium theory, with imperfect foresight. The short-term equilibrium is modeled by price-endogenous linear programming determining production, consumption, trade, and market-clearing prices in any given year, subject to short-term capacities of production. Year to year changes are represented by equations predicting shifts in demand due to GDP growth, capacity expansion as a function of profitability, and technical change. The forecasts are conditional on exogenous estimates of timber availability in each country. Inertia constraints limit the short-term adjustment of trade in response to market forces. Results of applications of the model to forecast the situation in European countries until 2010 are described.
The effects of one year of fertilization on the primary productivity of the Arrow reservoir
Creators: name: Roushorne, Meghan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Arrow Reservoir, which consists of an upper and lower basin separated by a narrows region, was created with the impoundment of the Upper and Lower Arrow Lakes in 1969. This, followed by the construction of the Mica (1974) and Revelstoke (1983) dams upstream on the Columbia River, the major tributary to the reservoir, has had a significant impact on the aquatic ecosystem. Preliminary studies conducted in 1997 and 1998 revealed that the nutrient load to the reservoir was likely insufficient to support the ecosystem. A fertilization and monitoring project was initiated in 1999 with the intent of reversing the oligotrophication of the reservoir. The Arrow Reservoir was studied in 1998, the pre-treatment year, and in 1999, the first year of fertilization, to examine the effects of one year of fertilization on the activity and abundance of bacteria and phytoplankton. Primary productivity and phytoplanktonic abundance were estimated from radiolabeled bicarbonate incorporation studies and chlorophyll-a analyses, respectively. Bacterial activity was examined using I4C-glucose incorporation studies along with CTC staining and counting, while DAPI staining and counting was employed for bacterial abundance estimates. Samples were collected on a monthly basis from May to September in 1998 and from April to September in 1999. Six depths (the surface, 1, 2, 5, 10 and 15 m) were sampled at a single, central location in each basin. In addition to these vertical transects, horizontal transects of the upper basin were performed in June, August and September of 1999. Horizontal transect samples were collected at a depth of 2 m at 6 approximately equidistant locations in a north-south transect of the basin. The primary productivity and bacterial activity and abundance in the upper basin, where nutrient addition occurred, appear to have been enhanced by fertilization, as these parameters were each significantly greater in this basin in 1999 than in 1998. The lower basin did not appear to benefit from the nutrient enrichment during the first year of fertilization as these parameters did not differ significantly in this basin from 1998 to 1999. A decrease in algal biomass in the lower basin from 1998 to 1999, which was likely a function of the colder, wetter year in 1999, was not observed in the fertilized upper basin. Algal bioassays using Selenastrum capricornutum were used to assess the bioavailability of nutrients in the tributaries of the Arrow Reservoir. The nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of all of the tributaries assayed were severely growth limiting. The majority of tributaries were nitrogen and phosphorus co-limiting, while samples from the agriculturally-influenced Innonoaklin Creek were limited to a greater extent by nitrogen.
Meson and tetra-quark mixing
Creators: name: Wang, Ping
name: Cotanch, Stephen R.
name: General, Ignacio J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixing between q-qbar meson and qqbar-qqbar tetra-quark states is examined within an effective QCD Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian model. Mixing matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are computed and then diagonalized yielding an improved prediction for the low-lying J^{PC} = 0^{+/- +}, 1^{--} isoscalar spectra. Mixing effects were found significant for the scalar hadrons but not for the 1^{--} states, which is consistent with the ideal mixing of vector mesons. A perturbative assessment of the exact QCD kernel is also reported.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Nichtmitgliedskirchen im kritischen Gespräch mit dem Weltrat der Kirchen
Creators: name: Beach, Bert Beverly
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 2 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 2
Implementing conventional and unconventional nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates via SU(2) transformations
Creators: name: Cheng, Jian-jian
name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple but versatile protocol to engineer time-dependent Hamiltonians inversely for geometric quantum computation. By utilizing SU(2) transformation, a speedup goal on gate operation is achieved with more freedom to design the control parameters. As an application, this protocol enables the conventional and unconventional nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates with desired evolution paths by controlling the microwave pulses in the diamond nitrogen-vacancy center system. We show that the inversely designed Hamiltonian can fulfill the geometric gate with more economical evolution time and further reduces the influence of the environment noise on gate fidelity.
description: 7 pages,4 figures
Kult und König nach dem Exil. Eine kanonische Lektüre zur „Fortsetzung“ von 2 Kön 25
Creators: name: Collinet, Benedikt
Year: 2021
Subjects: 2 Kgs 25; Isaiah; Babylonian Exile; canonical approach, post-exilic theology

description: Am Ende meiner Dissertation „Die letzten Könige von Juda“ blieben einige theo-logische Fragen ungeklärt, z. B. wie das nachexilische Volk in seinem Verhältnis zu Gott gedacht werden kann, wer dazugehören wird und wie mit den Fragen nach Leid und Schuld zukünftig umgegangen werden wird. Diesen Fragen wird im vorliegenden Artikel mit Hilfe einer kanonischen Lektüre nachgespürt. Die Ergebnisse sind nicht eindeutig, aber es lassen sich sowohl im Jesajabuch, als auch in der Buchgruppe 1 Chr bis Neh Antworten finden.
Phase space contraction and quantum operations
Creators: name: Garcia-Mata, Ignacio
name: Saraceno, Marcos
name: Spina, Maria Elena
name: Carlo, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a criterion to differentiate between dissipative and diffusive quantum operations. It is based on the classical idea that dissipative processes contract volumes in phase space. We define a quantity that can be regarded as ``quantum phase space contraction rate'' and which is related to a fundamental property of quantum channels: non-unitality. We relate it to other properties of the channel and also show a simple example of dissipative noise composed with a chaotic map. The emergence of attaractor-like structures is displayed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Changes added according to refferee sugestions. (To appear in PRA)
Beyond halo mass: quenching galaxy mass assembly at the edge of filaments
Creators: name: Song, Hyunmi
name: Laigle, Clotilde
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Kraljic, Katarina
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Slyz, Adrianne
name: Smith, Rory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine how the mass assembly of central galaxies depends on their location in the cosmic web. The HORIZON-AGN simulation is analysed at z~2 using the DISPERSE code to extract multi-scale cosmic filaments. We find that the dependency of galaxy properties on large-scale environment is mostly inherited from the (large-scale) environmental dependency of their host halo mass. When adopting a residual analysis that removes the host halo mass effect, we detect a direct and non-negligible influence of cosmic filaments. Proximity to filaments enhances the build-up of stellar mass, a result in agreement with previous studies. However, our multi-scale analysis also reveals that, at the edge of filaments, star formation is suppressed. In addition, we find clues for compaction of the stellar distribution at close proximity to filaments. We suggest that gas transfer from the outside to the inside of the haloes (where galaxies reside) becomes less efficient closer to filaments, due to high angular momentum supply at the vorticity-rich edge of filaments. This quenching mechanism may partly explain the larger fraction of passive galaxies in filaments, as inferred from observations at lower redshifts.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, accepted to MNRAS, comments are welcome
ESTIMATING BACKWARD INTEGRATION IN A PRIMARY INPUT MARKET: THE CASE OF U.S. HOG INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Pritchett, James G.
name: Liu, Donald J.
name: Pritchett, James G.
name: Liu, Donald J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The U.S. pork sector is evolving from an industry of small, independent firms vertically linked by spot markets to one of substantially larger firms vertically connected through contractual agreements and integration. Potential benefits to this tighter vertical arrangement include lower consumer pork prices, although the true nature of this benefit is still under debate. At the same time, there is concern of market foreclosure because highly vertically integrated industry may prevent independent hog producers from having access to open markets in which to sell their output. Boehlje underscores the need for empirical answers to questions related to the above structural change in the pork industry. The objective of this paper is to estimate econometrically the extent of backward integration by pork processing firms into the upstream hog production stage, taking into account the oligopsonistic nature of the processors, and to simulate the effect of vertical integration on consumer and producer prices and welfare. Following Perry, backward integration is defined as the fraction of the upstream limiting production factor (e.g., farm land, feedlot facilities and water supply) that the downstream processors own. This economic measure of vertical integration is richer than the traditional measure which is a ratio of internal intermediate input production (by the upstream subsidiary) to the total intermediate input usage (by the downstream processor). Rather than an economic measure of backward integration, this accounting ratio reflects the resolution of vertical integration and, by itself alone, does not give insight into the price and welfare effects of the structural change. The procedure of this study is as follows. An individual processor's profit maximization problem consists of maximizing revenue from a variety of pork products and minimizing the hog input expenditures, where the latter sub-problem involves a division of the total hog input procurements between open market purchases and internal production by the upstream subsidiary. From the optimization, one derives the optimal pork output supply, total hog input demand, and open market hog input purchases. These behavioral equations of the individual processor are aggregated and estimated in conjunction with the pork product demand equations of consumers and the open market hog supply equation of independent hog producers. The aggregate model is then used as a basis for simulating price and welfare effects of vertical integration. Possible estimation problems arising from the complexity of the optimal solutions are anticipated and coping strategies devised. In addition, data are unavailable on open market hog quantities; as a result theoretical restrictions derived from the model are used to transform this variable so as to utilize the slaughter data published by the USDA.
Beloitoceras uuemoisense Kröger, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Oncoceratidae
Beloitoceras
Beloitoceras uuemoisense

description: Beloitoceras uuemoisense sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F793DBD7-51A6-4A8B-8939-F9372673A510
Fig. 28G–H
Diagnosis
Beloitoceras with a maximum conch height of ca 18 mm near mid-length of mature body chamber; compressed conch cross section with CHI of ca 1.35; angle of expansion of the phragmocone ca 20°, in lateral view ventral conch margin convex and dorsal conch margin concave throughout entire length; body chamber with constriction near mature peristome.
Etymology
Referring to the type locality.
Type material
Holotype
ESTONIA • Läänemaa, Uuemõisa; Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage; TUG 1745-290.
Description
The holotype is a nearly complete conch of a small mature curved brevicone (Fig. 28G–H). Its greatest conch height of 17.5 mm occurs slightly adoral of the base of its body chamber, where the conch width is 13 mm (CHI = 1.35). At the base of the body chamber, the conch height is 17 mm and the corresponding width 12 mm (CHI = 1.42). The conch cross section is elliptical with nearly equally narrowly rounded dorsal and ventral margins. The body chamber is nearly straight, in lateral view its prosiphuncular margin is more curved (convex) than the antisiphuncular margin (concave). The conch height decreases toward the aperture with a marked constriction ca 2 mm from the peristome forming an amphora like apertural opening. The peristome appears to be straight transverse. The phragmocone is curved and increases in height from 11 mm to 17 mm at a length of 16 mm (angle of expansion = 21°). The sutures form wide lateral lobes, they are ca 2 mm apart where the conch height is 17 mm (RCL = 0.12). Details of the siphuncle are not known.
Comparison
This is a small species of Beloitoceras, superficially similar to species of Oncoceras. It differs from species of Oncoceras in having a gibbous mature body chamber and in lacking the convex portion of the conch margin at the antisiphuncular conch margin. The genus Beloitoceras is species rich, palaeogeographically widespread and stratigraphically relatively long ranging. Flower (1946) distinguished several groups within the genus. Beloitoceras uuemoisense sp. nov. can be placed in Flower’s (1946) group III of B. pandion Flower, 1946, which comprises faintly gibbous species with a concave conch margin at the antisiphuncular side. Within this group, B. uuemoisense is unique because of its small adult size of less than 20 mm.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 83, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
title: Home style: governments, parties, and the domestic presentation of European integration
Creators: name: Hunter, Tom
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2021

description: National governments are accused of being evasive and opportunistic in their presentation of European integration, thereby exacerbating the EU's crisis of legitimacy. Yet empirical evidence on how governments present Europe at home is limited to a small handful of qualitative studies. This thesis provides the first comparative, quantitative study of how governments - and the parties that form them - present Europe in their domestic public spheres, and what these presentational strategies mean for representation and legitimacy in the EU. Inspired by Fenno's 1978 classic, I call this their `home style'. Through innovative text as data methods combining machine translation, automated text analysis, and hand coding, I show that rather than adopting a nationalist home style marked by evasiveness and opportunism, governments have responded to EU politicization by adopting a home style I label technocratic-patriotic. Technocratic, in the sense that gov- ernments actually talk frequently about the EU, but avoid clear position taking on the issue by defusing it with complex language. Patriotic, in the sense that governments extensively claim credit for defending the national interest on the European stage, but in fact rarely blame or criticise the EU directly. I argue that despite not fitting the stereotypical image of evasive, opportunistic blame shifters, this technocratic-patriotic home style still poses deep problems for democratic accountability in Europe's multilevel system of governance. The thesis also contributes two resources to the academic community: EUCOSpeech, an original dataset of over 6,000 statements by national leaders in the aftermath of EU summits, and EUParlspeech, an original dataset of over 1 million references to European integration made in parliamentary speeches between 1989 and 2019.
Simulating Radiating and Magnetized Flows in Multi-Dimensions with ZEUS-MP
Creators: name: Hayes, J. C.
name: Norman, M. L.
name: Fiedler, R. A.
name: Bordner, J. O.
name: Li, P. S.
name: Clark, S. E.
name: ud-Doula, A.
name: Mac Low, M. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes ZEUS-MP, a multi-physics, massively parallel, message- passing implementation of the ZEUS code. ZEUS-MP differs significantly from the ZEUS-2D code, the ZEUS-3D code, and an early "version 1" of ZEUS-MP distributed publicly in 1999. ZEUS-MP offers an MHD algorithm better suited for multidimensional flows than the ZEUS-2D module by virtue of modifications to the Method of Characteristics scheme first suggested by Hawley and Stone (1995), and is shown to compare quite favorably to the TVD scheme described by Ryu et. al (1998). ZEUS-MP is the first publicly-available ZEUS code to allow the advection of multiple chemical (or nuclear) species. Radiation hydrodynamic simulations are enabled via an implicit flux-limited radiation diffusion (FLD) module. The hydrodynamic, MHD, and FLD modules may be used in one, two, or three space dimensions. Self gravity may be included either through the assumption of a GM/r potential or a solution of Poisson's equation using one of three linear solver packages (conjugate-gradient, multigrid, and FFT) provided for that purpose. Point-mass potentials are also supported. Because ZEUS-MP is designed for simulations on parallel computing platforms, considerable attention is paid to the parallel performance characteristics of each module. Strong-scaling tests involving pure hydrodynamics (with and without self-gravity), MHD, and RHD are performed in which large problems (256^3 zones) are distributed among as many as 1024 processors of an IBM SP3. Parallel efficiency is a strong function of the amount of communication required between processors in a given algorithm, but all modules are shown to scale well on up to 1024 processors for the chosen fixed problem size.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ Supplement. 42 pages with 29 inlined figures; uses emulateapj.sty. Discussions in sections 2 - 4 improved per referee comments; several figures modified to illustrate grid resolution. ZEUS-MP source code and documentation available from the Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics at http://lca.ucsd.edu/codes/currentcodes/zeusmp2/
Formal self duality
Creators: name: Kölsch, Lukas
name: Schüler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C15, 20K01

description: We study the notion of formal self duality in finite abelian groups. Formal duality in finite abelian groups has been proposed by Cohn, Kumar, Reiher and Schürmann. In this paper we give a precise definition of formally self dual sets and discuss results from the literature in this perspective. Also, we discuss the connection to formally dual codes. We prove that formally self dual sets can be reduced to primitive formally self dual sets similar to a previously known result on general formally dual sets. Furthermore, we describe several properties of formally self dual sets. Also, some new examples of formally self dual sets are presented within this paper. Lastly, we study formally self dual sets of the form $\{(x,F(x)) \ : \ x\in\mathbb{F}_{2^n}\}$ where $F$ is a vectorial Boolean function mapping $\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$ to $\mathbb{F}_{2^n}$.
A new partial geometry pg(5,5,2)
Creators: name: Krčadinac, Vedran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51E14

description: We construct a new partial geometry with parameters pg(5,5,2), not isomorphic to the partial geometry of van Lint and Schrijver.
description: 5 pages
FORMULA MARKET CONTRACTS IN THE SWINE INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Buhr, Brian L.
name: Smith, Rodney B.W.
name: Buhr, Brian L.
name: Smith, Rodney B.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: One aspect of increasing market channel coordination in the swine industry is the offering of long-term market contracts by pork processors to swine producers. This paper seeks to examine the existing contracts and develop a theoretical framework for analyzing jointly optimal levels of contracting.
THE KEYS TO PREPARING SUCCESSFUL RESEARCH GRANT PROPOSALS
Creators: name: Marchant, Mary A.
name: Marchant, Mary A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: competitive grants
subject: national research initiative competitive grants program
subject: NRI
subject: USDA-CSREES

description: This article seeks to demystify the competitive grant recommendation process of scientific peer review panels. The National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (NRICGP) administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Extension, and Education Service (USDA-CSREES) serves as the focus of this article. This article provides a brief background on the NRICGP and discusses the application process, the scientific peer review process, guidelines for grant writing, and ways to interpret reviewer comments if a proposal is not funded. The essentials of good grant writing discussed in this article are transferable to other USDA competitive grant programs.
Sub-bosonic (deformed) ladder operators
Creators: name: Serafim, J. Damastor
name: Ximenes, Ricardo
name: Parisio, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical operator $\hat{a}^{\dagger}$ ($\hat{a}$) represents the ideal process of adding (subtracting) an {\it exact} amount of energy $E$ to (from) a physical system in both elementary quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. This is a ``sharp'' notion in the sense that no variability around $E$ is possible at the operator level. In this work, we present a class of deformed creation and annihilation operators that originates from a rigorous notion of fuzziness. This leads to deformed, sub-bosonic commutation relations inducing a simple algebraic structure with modified eigenenergies and Fock states. In addition, we investigate possible consequences of the introduced formalism in quantum field theories, as for instance, deviations from linearity in the dispersion relation for free quasibosons.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.08206 Close to the published version
MULES IN SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE: REVISITED
Creators: name: Garrett, Martin A.
name: Garrett, Martin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: mule
subject: land owners
subject: part owners
subject: and managers
subject: share tenants
subject: sharecroppers
subject: principal agent problem

description: This article provides additional empirical evidence concerning the choice of the mule as the dominant draft animal in southern agricultural production in the latter 19th and early 20th century. While the mule was uniquely suited to the crops and climate of the region, two divergent arguments have been presented as to why the mule was the dominant draft animal in southern agricultural production. This research reevaluates these arguments and provides evidence that it was, in fact, the characteristics of this hybrid that made it the preferred draft animal for the South.
RISK EFFECTS OF ALTERNATIVE WINTER COVER CROP, TILLAGE, AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS IN COTTON PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Larson, James A.
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Tyler, Donald D.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Tyler, Donald D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: cover crops
subject: Just-Pope production function
subject: risk
subject: tillage

description: A Just-Pope model was developed to assess tillage, nitrogen, weather, and pest effects on risk for cotton grown after alternative winter cover crops. Yield risk for cotton after hairy vetch was less than for cotton with no winter cover when no nitrogen fertilizer was used to supplement the vetch nitrogen. However, because cotton after vetch has a higher production cost, farmers growing conventionally tilled cotton may be slow to adapt because risk-return tradeoffs may be unacceptable under risk neutrality and risk aversion. For risk-averse farmers who have already adopted no tillage, cotton grown after hairy vetch is risk efficient.
МЕТОДЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ВРОЖДЕННЫХ ПОРОКОВ СЕРДЦА У ДЕТЕЙ: ХИРУРГИЧЕСКИЕ И НЕХИРУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ
Creators: name: Муминова, Нодирахон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Врожденные пороки сердца (ВПС) у детей требуют комплексного подхода к лечению, включающего как хирургические, так и нехирургические методы. В последние годы появились новые минимально инвазивные подходы, которые позволяют существенно снизить риск осложнений и улучшить восстановление после операций. В данном тезисе рассматриваются основные методы лечения ВПС, включая открытые операции на сердце, катетерные процедуры и медикаментозную терапию.
Evaluation of deteriorated reinforced concrete channel beam bridge decks retrofit with glass fibre reinforced polymers
Creators: name: Ross, Sherrill L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There are several highway bridges in British Columbia constructed of reinforced concrete channel beam sections. These beams were a standard section used for highway bridge construction in British Columbia in the late 1950s and early 1960s. With years of use, these channel beam bridges have deteriorated. Because of this damage, the existing strength of these bridges has been questioned. Bridges with excessive deterioration must either be replaced or repaired. Replacing all of the channel beam bridges in British Columbia will be very expensive. If these bridges can be repaired rather than replaced there will be a significant cost saving for the taxpayers of British Columbia. One possible retrofit alternative is to repair reinforced concrete channel beam bridges using glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP). GFRP consists of thin diameter fiberglass reinforcing fibres in a polymer matrix. The use of GFRP for structural repair is relatively new. GFRP has the potential to be an effective retrofit material for these structures because of its high strength and stiffness, low specific weight, and resistance to corrosion. This study presents an evaluation of deteriorated reinforced concrete channel beam highway bridges retrofit with different types of GFRP. The use of two different types of GFRP retrofit materials are investigated including a traditional GFRP wrap, and a new GFRP spray material. The structural response of channel beam bridge decks with and without GFRP retrofit is found from an experimental program, finite element analysis, and design calculations. The effects of the two different types of GFRP on bridge deck structural properties are compared to non-retrofit bridge decks based on experimental and analytical results. Study results are also used to provide a comparison between the two different types of GFRP retrofit material. The accuracy of design calculation procedures for determining structural properties of GFRP retrofit channel beams is also determined in this study by comparing design calculation and experimental values. Based on the results of this study, recommendations regarding retrofitting British Columbia's channel beam highway bridges with GFRP are made.
Gravitational tests of electroweak relaxation
Creators: name: Barducci, Daniele
name: Bertuzzo, Enrico
name: Tupia, Martín Arteaga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a scenario in which the electroweak scale is stabilized via the relaxion mechanism during inflation, focussing on the case in which the back-reaction potential is generated by the confinement of new strongly interacting vector-like fermions. If the reheating temperature is sufficiently high to cause the deconfinement of the new strong interactions, the back-reaction barrier then disappears and the Universe undergoes a second relaxation phase. This phase stops when the temperature drops sufficiently for the back-reaction to form again. We identify the regions of parameter space in which the second relaxation phase does not spoil the successful stabilization of the electroweak scale. In addition, the generation of the back-reaction potential that ends the second relaxation phase can be associated to a strong first order phase transition. We then study when such transition can generate a gravitational wave signal in the range of detectability of future interferometer experiments.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures; several clarifications added, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Pediomydae
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Pediomydae

description: ? PEDIOMYID
Figure 130
The pediomyid affinities of the right upper molar, AMNH 77375, from Clambank Hollow, are indicated by the prominence of stylar cusp D, the narrowing of the stylar shelf labial to the paracone, and the presence of an anterolingual cingulum which often occurs as a variation in later Maestrichtian species, particularly in P. elegans. AMNH 77375 (fig. 130) is small and as transverse as M3 of P. elegans Clemens (1966, p. 37). A ridge connects the apex of the paracone to the parastyle.
It is likely that AMNH 77375 belongs with the other small lower and upper molars assigned to Pediomys clemensi but such an association cannot be demonstrated.
DISCUSSION: Pediomys clemensi is a relatively rare member of the fauna from the Judith River Formation, and is closest morphologically to P. elegans from the Lance Formation of Wyoming. Pediomys elegans is the Maestrichtian species that Clemens (1966, p. 34) regarded as most primitive of those then known. Only one species of Pediomys appears to be present as ascertained from the upper molars. Unfortunately, there is not a single complete upper molar of Pediomys; thus there is no way of determining whether the three upper molar fragments belong to the same species. The pediomyid stylar shelf is radically different from that of other marsupials not only in the nonuniform width of the stylar shelf but also in the relative development of the stylar cusps. Buccal to the paracone, the stylar shelf narrows considerably and is little more than a narrow cingulum. The shelf in some later Maestrichtian species may even be absent and discontinuous in this area. Posteriorly, the shelf widens buccal to the metacone. Stylar cusp B is feebly formed and situated closer to cusp C than to cusp A. Cusp D is the largest stylar cusp. The paracone is more labial than the metacone.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 385, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
Ground-state phase diagram of anisotropically interacting Heisenberg-$Γ$ models on a honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Suzuki, Takafumi
name: Yamada, Takuto
name: Suga, Sei-ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the $S=1/2$ Heisenberg-$Γ$ model on a honeycomb lattice by dimer series expansion and exact diagonalization. We focus on the effects of the anisotropy of the interactions; by tuning the coupling constants, the system changes between the isolated dimer and the spin-chain models. We find that, in the spin-chain limit, there are three kinds of states: a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and two magnetically long-range-ordered states. All three states become two-dimensional long-range ordered states by the infinitesimal interchain interaction except for the case where the Heisenberg interaction is much weaker than the off-diagonal symmetric ($Γ$) interaction. Starting from the isolated dimer limit, a triplet dimer phase survives up to the isotropically interacting system in a large part of the phase diagram where the Heisenberg and $Γ$ interactions are ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic, respectively. Otherwise, a phase transition to a magnetically ordered phase occurs before the interaction becomes isotropic. This indicates that the quantum spin liquid proposed in the $Γ$ model [A. Catuneanu et al., npj Quantum Mater. 3, 23 (2018)] is unstable against the anisotropy of the interactions.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Einstein-Planck Formula, Equivalence Principle and Black Hole Radiance
Creators: name: Fabbri, Alessandro
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of gravity implies corrections to the Einstein-Planck formula $E=h ν$. This gives hope that the divergent blueshift in frequency, associated to the presence of a black hole horizon, could be smoothed out for the energy. Using simple arguments based on Einstein's equivalence principle we show that this is only possible if a black hole emits, in first approximation, not just a single particle, but thermal radiation.
description: 7 pages. Honorable Mention in the 2005 Gravity Research Foundation Essay Competition
Equidistribution of Dynamically Small Subvarieties over the Function Field of a Curve
Creators: name: Faber, X. W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G40; 11G35

description: For a projective variety X defined over a field K, there is a special class of self-morphisms of X called algebraic dynamical systems. In this paper we take K to be the function field of a smooth curve and prove that at each place of K, subvarieties of X of dynamically small height are equidistributed on the associated Berkovich analytic space. We carefully develop all of the arithmetic intersection theory needed to state and prove this theorem, and we present several applications on the non-Zariski density of preperiodic points and of points of small height in field extensions of bounded degree.
description: v2: Various typos fixed; statement and proof of auxiliary Prop. 6.1 corrected. During the process of preparing this manuscript for submission, it came to the author's attention that Walter Gubler has recently proved many of the same results. See arXiv:0801.4508v3. v3: References updated and a few more typos corrected. To appear in Acta Arithmetica