cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for pair-produced third-generation squarks decaying via charm quarks or in compressed supersymmetric scenarios in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8~$TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of a search for supersymmetry via direct production of third-generation squarks are reported, using $20.3$ fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2012. Two different analysis strategies based on monojet-like and $c$-tagged event selections are carried out to optimize the sensitivity for direct top squark pair production in the decay channel to a charm quark and the lightest neutralino ($\tilde{t}_1 \to c + \tildeχ_{1}^{0}$) across the top squark--neutralino mass parameter space. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed. The results are interpreted in the context of direct pair production of top squarks and presented in terms of exclusion limits in the ($m_{\tilde{t}_1}$, $m_{\tildeχ_{1}^{0}}$) parameter space. A top squark of mass up to about 240 GeV is excluded at 95$\%$ confidence level for arbitrary neutralino masses, within the kinematic boundaries. Top squark masses up to 270 GeV are excluded for a neutralino mass of 200 GeV. In a scenario where the top squark and the lightest neutralino are nearly degenerate in mass, top squark masses up to 260 GeV are excluded. The results from the monojet-like analysis are also interpreted in terms of compressed scenarios for top squark pair production in the decay channel $\tilde{t}_1 \to b + ff^{'} + \tildeχ^{0}_{1}$ and sbottom pair production with $\tilde{b}_1 \to b + \tildeχ^{0}_{1}$, leading to a similar exclusion for nearly mass-degenerate third-generation squarks and the lightest neutralino. The results in this paper significantly extend previous results at colliders.
description: 24 pages + author list + 1 cover page (35 pages in total), 11 figures, 9 tables, submitted to Physical Review D, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2013-21/
Congenital Malaria in a Neonate: A Rare Condition
Creators: name: Raza, Fariha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Malaria during first few months of life may be due to trans-placental transfer through a mother with parasitaemia. Congenital malaria has an occurrence rate of 0.3% in immune mothers and 7.4% in non-immune mothers. We report a case of 29 days old neonate, who presented with fever for 10 days, gross hepatosplenomegaly and anaemia (haemoglobin 6.0 gm/dl). Liver was palpable 3 cm below right subcostal margin with the span of 5.5 cm, non-tender, soft in consistency with regular margins and the spleen was palpable 3 cm below left subcostal margin. There were no signs of jaundice, dehydration and ascites and all other systems were normal. Peripheral blood films showed all stages of Plasmodium vivax. The baby was treated with initial boluses followed by intravenous (IV) fluids, and chloroquine was started at the standard cumulative dose of 10mg/kg, given in divided doses over 3 days. Four days after the treatment had been started; the baby's condition improved and was discharged. This report underlines that; diligent observation of blood film can accidentally reveal parasites, even when the diagnosis had not been previously suspected. Congenital malaria is a relatively rare condition that should be included in the differential diagnosis of neonatal infections, sepsis, and unexplained fever or in infants presenting with haemolytic anaemia, severe thrombocytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly in malaria endemic zones, even if the mother has no proven malarial episodes during the gestational period. It is therefore recommended that babies born to mothers with malaria should be screened for congenital malaria. The diagnosis should be considered in babies of mothers who have travelled to places where malaria is endemic, as maternal infection may be unrecognized, and the child may be asymptomatic at birth.
Ruling Out David Miller's Argument for Immigration Restrictions
Creators: name: Delarosa, Yenipher
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description:
The paper will describe one of David Millers arguments for limiting immigration by concluding that immigration is a threat to a successful democratic welfare state. There is a threat to a democratic welfare state when there is lack of trust in a heterogeneous society. Immigration contributes to heterogeneity. The paper will present flaws in Millers argument, which include the unacknowledged concepts of ignorance and fear that can lead to mistrust in cultural heterogeneous communities. I will then consider Millers response to the critiques. Lastly, I will mention some proposals for increasing trust and addressing the real issues in a multicultural society.
It's Real For Us: The Literariness of Fanfiction and Its Use As Corrective Fiction
Creators: name: Monroe, Lauren
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2013

description:
The focus of this thesis is how fanfiction, an underground subculture of web literature written about popular books, films, television shows, and comics, treats the original works it derives from. In this study I will examine the ways in which fans reshape the original stories of the works they write about, and the ways in which they do not, and speculate the reasons they have chosen to do so. This project examines fanfiction surrounding three young adult novels: Twilight, The Hunger Games, and Harry Potter. I examine each of these works and their respective fanfiction in order to highlight important themes in each work and problems inherent in each story to account for the changes fanfiction writers make in their literature. I have chosen one overarching theme in the fanfiction in each fandom and will explore why fanfiction authors have overwhelmingly chosen to change the source material to suit that theme.
Additional file 5 of Distribution and diversity of ROS-generating enzymes across the animal kingdom, with a focus on sponges (Porifera)
Creators: name: Hewitt, Olivia H.
name: Degnan, Sandie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. All alignments and original protein sequences used to generate phylogenetic trees.
A Combined Fit on the Annihilation Corrections in $B_{u,d,s}$ $\to$ $PP$ Decays Within QCDF
Creators: name: Chang, Qin
name: Sun, Junfeng
name: Yang, Yueling
name: Li, Xiaonan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the possible large annihilation contributions implied by recent CDF and LHCb measurements on nonleptonic annihilation B meson decays, and the refined experimental measurements on hadronic B meson decays, we study the strength of annihilation contributions within QCD factorization (QCDF) in this paper. With the available measurements of two-body B_{u,d,s} -> pi pi, pi K, K K decays, a comprehensive fit on the phenomenological parameters X_A^{i,f} (or rho_A^{i,f} and phi_A^{i,f}) which are used to parameterize the endpoint singularity in annihilation amplitudes is performed with the statistical chi^2 approach. It is found that (1) flavor symmetry breaking effects are hardly to be distinguished between X_{A,s}^i and X_{A,d}^i due to the large experimental errors and theoretical uncertainties, where X_{A,s}^i and X_{A,d}^i are related to the nonfactorization annihilation contributions in B_s and B_{u,d} decays, respectively. So X_{A,s}^i = X_{A,d}^i is a good approximation by now. (2) In principle, parameter X_{A}^f which is related to the factorization annihilation contributions and independent of the initial state can be regarded as the same variable for B_{u,d,s} decays. (3) Numerically, two solutions are found, one is (rho_A^i, phi_A^i) = (2.98^+1.12_-0.86,-105^+34_-24) and (rho_A^f, phi_A^f) = (1.18^+0.20_-0.23,-40^+11_-8), the other is (rho_A^i, phi_A^i) = (2.97^+1.19_-0.90,-105^+32_-24) and (rho_A^f, phi_A^f) = (2.80^+0.25_-0.21,165^+4_-3). Obviously, nonfactorization annihilation parameter X_A^i is generally unequal to factorization annihilation parameter X_A^f, which differ from the traditional treatment. With the fitted parameters, all results for observables of B_{u,d,s} ->pi pi, pi K, K K decays are in good agreement with experimental data.
description: 12 pages, version accepted by PLB
Influence of Ibuprofen on Phospholipid Membranes
Creators: name: Jaksch, Sebastian
name: Lipfert, Frederik
name: Koutsioubas, Alexandros
name: Mattauch, Stefan
name: Holderer, Olaf
name: Ivanova, Oxana
name: Frielinghaus, Henrich
name: Hertrich, Samira
name: Fischer, Stefan F.
name: Nickel, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basic understanding of biological membranes is of paramount importance as these membranes comprise the very building blocks of life itself. Cells depend in their function on a range of properties of the membrane, which are important for the stability and function of the cell, information and nutrient transport, waste disposal and finally the admission of drugs into the cell and also the deflection of bacteria and viruses. We have investigated the influence of ibuprofen on the structure and dynamics of L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine (SoyPC) membranes by means of grazing incidence small-angle neutron scattering (GISANS), neutron reflectometry and grazing incidence neutron spin echo spectroscopy (GINSES). From the results of these experiments we were able to determine that ibuprofen induces a two-step structuring behavior in the SoyPC films, where the structure evolves from the purely lamellar phase for pure SoyPC over a superposition of two hexagonal phases to a purely hexago- nal phase at high concentrations. Additionally, introduction of ibuprofen stiffens the membranes. This behavior may be instrumental in explaining the toxic behavior of ibuprofen in long-term application.
description: -Improved indexing in Fig. 4e) -changed concentrations to mol% -improved arguments, however conclusions stay unchanged
Hemispheric Asymmetries for Color and Number Working Memory Tasks
Creators: name: Nguyen, Trang
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2014

description:
A large number of studies in psychology and cognitive neuroscience suggest that the left and right cerebral hemispheres have differences in specialization of processing. The left hemisphere tends to be specialized for complex capacities such as language and numbers, whereas the right hemisphere typically shows advantages for visuospatial attention and recognition of nonverbal form. The present study was designed to investigate whether these functional cerebral asymmetries would extend to working memory tasks. It was hypothesized that the left hemisphere would have more advantage for accurate responses to a Number-based memory task, whereas the right hemisphere would be relatively advantaged for accurate responses on a Color-based memory task. For the Color-based memory task, we used a Corsi-Block memory task (4x4 grid). For the Number-based memory task, we used a string of 8 digits. In each case, to-be-remembered stimuli were constructed sequentially, such that participants (N = 39) had to form and maintain the image in working memory. Participants then compared these remembered stimuli with flashed images that appeared either on the left or right edge of the screen. We recorded the correct responses and the response time. The left hemisphere appears to be advantaged for accurate responses when the memory stimuli are numerical in nature, whereas the right hemisphere has more advantage for accurate responses on the color-memory task.
Locally-smeared operator product expansions
Creators: name: Monahan, Christopher
name: Orginos, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a "locally-smeared Operator Product Expansion" (sOPE) to decompose non-local operators in terms of a basis of locally-smeared operators. The sOPE formally connects nonperturbative matrix elements of smeared degrees of freedom, determined numerically using the gradient flow, to non-local operators in the continuum. The nonperturbative matrix elements do not suffer from power-divergent mixing on the lattice, provided the smearing scale is kept fixed in the continuum limit. The presence of this smearing scale prevents a simple connection to the standard operator product expansion and therefore requires the construction of a two-scale formalism. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach using the example of real scalar field theory.
description: Proceedings of the The 32nd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2014). 7 pages with 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Effect of lullaby on volume, fat, total protein and albumin concentration of breast milk in premature infants’ mothers admitted to NICU: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: SefidHaji, Somayeh
name: Aziznejadroshan, Parvin
name: Mojaveri, Mohsen Haghshenas
name: Nikbakht, Hossein-Ali
name: Qujeq, Durdi
name: Amiri, Seyedeh Roghieh Jafarian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Event-Related Potentials in Episodic and Semantic Memory: Distinguishing the N400 from the fN400
Creators: name: Ross, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2015

description:
In the present study, we conducted an event-related potentials (ERP) study to examine episodic and semantic memory. We focused on two well-known patterns: the semantic N400 and the old/new fN400. Some researchers have argued that they reflect the same neuropsychological response (Voss & Federmeier, 2011). Others have suggested that they have distinct spatial-temporal signatures and reflect different psychological processes (Bridger, Bader, Kriukova, Unger, & Mecklinger, 2012). In the present study, we analyzed data using the basic N400/fN400 paradigm. We expect to find similar results to Bridger et al. (2012) in that the N400 and fN400 to be reliably different in topography and function.
Demonstration of Entanglement-Enhanced Phase Estimation in Solid
Creators: name: Liu, Gang-Qin
name: Zhang, Yu-Ran
name: Chang, Yan-Chun
name: Yue, Jie-Dong
name: Fan, Heng
name: Pan, Xin-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise parameter estimation plays a central role in science and technology. The statistical error in estimation can be decreased by repeating measurement, leading to that the resultant uncertainty of the estimated parameter is proportional to the square root of the number of repetitions in accordance with the central limit theorem. Quantum parameter estimation, an emerging field of quantum technology, aims to use quantum resources to yield higher statistical precision than classical approaches. Here, we report the first room-temperature implementation of entanglement-enhanced phase estimation in a solid-state system: the nitrogen-vacancy centre in pure diamond. We demonstrate a super-resolving phase measurement with two entangled qubits of different physical realizations: an nitrogen-vacancy centre electron spin and a proximal ${}^{13}$C nuclear spin. The experimental data shows clearly the uncertainty reduction when entanglement resource is used, confirming the theoretical expectation. Our results represent an elemental demonstration of enhancement of quantum metrology against classical procedure.
description: 9 pages including the supplementary material, 6 figures in main text plus 3 figures in supplementary material
Effects of Systemic Administration of 8-OH-DPAT on Agonistic Social Behaviors in Male Syrian Hamsters
Creators: name: Andrews, Corey
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description:
In male Syrian hamsters. social avoidance of other hamsters is produced when an individual is defeated by another larger hamster.  Social avoidance produced by this social defeat stress is mediated in part by serotonin (5-HT). 24 hours after social defeat, increasing extracellular 5-HT levels by the systemic administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine, prior to social avoidance testing increases social avoidance.  However, 24 hours after social defeat, site-specific microinjection of 8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1a receptor agonist, into the anterior hypothalamus decreases social avoidance.  Thus, there is a discrepancy between the systemic and site-specific effects of 5-HT on social avoidance.  The goal of this study is to determine if the anxiolytic effects of 5-HT1a receptor activation after social defeat and prior to avoidance testing are specific to the anterior hypothalamus or if systemic activation of 5-HT1a receptors prior to avoidance testing reduces social avoidance.  Our data suggest that systemic activation of 5-HT1a receptors after social defeat and prior to avoidance testing does not affect social avoidance. Therefore, the ability of 5-HT1a receptors to reduce social avoidance in male hamsters is site-specific, at least at the level of the anterior hypothalamus
Sex Differences in the Effect of Prenatal and Perinatal Fluoxetine Exposure on Adult Aggression and Avoidance in the Syrian Hamster
Creators: name: Slaby, Ryan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2016

description:
Anti-depressants are commonly used to treat major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. 17% of women experience major depression during pregnancy, where up to 10% of pregnant women use antidepressants. 20% these women use Prozac (fluoxetine) to treat major depressive symptoms, which crosses the placental barrier and is present in breast milk. Little is known about how exposure to developmental fluoxetine affects adulthood behaviors such as agonistic and submissive behaviors, especially in females. Furthermore, the effects of developmental fluoxetine exposure on aggression and avoidance in Syrian hamsters have not been studied. Therefore, we explored how prenatal and perinatal exposure to fluoxetine affects adulthood aggression and avoidance in male and female Syrian hamsters. Dams were given fluoxetine via drinking water 7 days prior impregnation. Fluoxetine administration continue until offspring reached postnatal day (PD) 12. The offspring were weaned and group-housed at PD 25 and single-housed at PD 60. Animals were handled one week prior to behavioral testing. The following week, animals were tested for aggression in a neutral arena with a non-aggressive stimulus hamster of the same sex. Another group of hamsters were tested for avoidance behavior in a neutral arena 24 hours after social defeat. Duration of aggression and avoidance were quantified. There was no main effect of sex or drug nor was there an interaction. Therefore, we reject our hypothesis of prenatal and perinatal exposure to fluoxetine will affect aggression and avoidance in male and female Syrian hamsters. These findings may be due to a ceiling effect in Syrian hamsters, where the subtle effects of developmental fluoxetine exposure were not observable.
Effects of Repeated Systemic Administration of Fluoxetine on Offensive Aggresion in Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)
Creators: name: Emerson, Alan
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description:
Syrian hamsters are a useful model for offensive aggression because males and females spontaneously engage in agonistic bouts. In hamsters, there is a large sex difference on aggression in the serotonin (5-HT) pathways. Male aggression is inhibited and female aggression increases with injections of a 5-HT agonist into the anterior hypothalamus (AH), but little is known if similar effects are seen in adult hamsters with repeated systemic administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine (FLX), which is one of the few approved pharmacological treatments for mood disorders in children and adolescents. The goal of this study is to determine if repeated intraperitoneal injections of FLX over 30 days in adolescent male and female hamsters has an effect on offensive aggression similar to site specific alterations of the 5-HT system in the AH. Our data suggest that systemic administration of FLX as adolescents over 30 days does not affect offensive aggression in males or females as adults.
Field tunable spin density wave phases in Sr3Ru2O7
Creators: name: Lester, C.
name: Ramos, S.
name: Perry, R. S.
name: Croft, T. P.
name: Bewley, R. I.
name: Guidi, T.
name: Manuel, P.
name: Khalyavin, D. D.
name: Forgan, E. M.
name: Hayden, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conduction electrons in a metal experience competing interactions with each other and the atomic nuclei. This competition can lead to many types of magnetic order in metals. For example, in chromium the electrons order to form a spin-density-wave (SDW) antiferromagnetic state. A magnetic field may be used to perturb or tune materials with delicately balanced electronic interactions. Here we show that the application of a magnetic field can induce SDW magnetic order in a metal, where none exists in the absence of the field. We use magnetic neutron scattering to show that the application of a large (~8T) magnetic field to the metamagnetic perovskite metal Sr3Ru2O7 can be used to tune the material through two magnetically-ordered SDW states. The ordered states exist over relatively small ranges in field (<0.4T) suggesting that their origin is due to a new mechanism related to the electronic fine structure near the Fermi energy, possibly combined with the stabilising effect of magnetic fluctuations. The magnetic field direction is shown to control the SDW domain populations which naturally explains the strong resistivity anisotropy or electronic nematic behaviour observed in this material.
description: Legend in Fig. 3(b) corrected
Gravitational waves with torsion in 3D
Creators: name: Blagojević, M.
name: Cvetković, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gravitational waves with torsion as exact vacuum solutions of three-dimensional gravity with propagating torsion. The new solutions are a natural generalization of the plane-fronted gravitational waves in general relativity with a cosmological constant, in the presence of matter.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages, 4 figures; v2 minor changes
Additional file 1 of Confronting implicit bias toward patients: a scoping review of post-graduate physician curricula
Creators: name: Gleicher, S. T.
name: Chalmiers, M. A.
name: Aiyanyor, B.
name: Jain, R.
name: Kotha, N.
name: Scott, K.
name: Song, R. S.
name: Tram, J.
name: Vuong, C. L.
name: Kesselheim, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Search strategy of post-graduate physician implicit bias curricula in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Web of Science, ERIC, CINAHL, and PsycINFO in February 2020.
D5.3 – Draft road map and EU agroecology strategy
Creators: name: Wigboldus Seerp
name: Hassink Jan
name: Goris Margriet
name: Elzen Boelie
name: Andrew, Dawson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Agroecology
Network
Roadmap
Agroecology strategy
Europe

description: This document describes the initial progress and development of a roadmap to build a European network on agroecology that will help to accelerate the transformation to sustainable agriculture in the wider food system. To build such network, agroecology grassroots and farmer representative organisations were consulted after which an initial group of participants was established to co-create such network. This is what is referred to in the task description as a European living lab (LL) for agroecology (ELL4AE).
 This network is meant to complement, and support the collaborative effort of a range of already existing groups, initiatives, and programmes working on the development of agroecology. Therefore, this network has initially been designated as a European agroecology (NofN). This network will strive to enhance the collective efficacy of initiatives which are labelled differently, but have much in common in relation to subscribing to agroecological principles and practices.
 After an initial process of outlining ideas for the intended European network by AE4EU partners, a transition to more intensive co-development took place early 2022 by asking envisaged participants in the network what they thought about those ideas, and asking them whether they would be interested in co-creating a NofN so that it would become something that could be ‘owned’ by many, thus supporting the potential for playing a role in accelerating the transition to sustainable agriculture and development of the wider food system. Since then, over 30 organisations and initiatives are now part of this co-creation process. The shape and form that the European agroecology NofN will take still needs to be established, since it will evolve from an organic development process which is currently taking place through a variety of working groups. These will determine specific aspects of the NofN.
 The efforts of the ELL4AE revolve around a series of co-design workshops. Initially, this was envisaged to take place through three of such co-design workshops. Effectively, we found a need to adapt this approach to a larger number of co-design workshops, complemented by working group meetings that take place in-between the co-design workshop. So far, there has been an initial getting-to-know-each-other workshop, one co-design workshop, and the second co-design workshop is scheduled for September 2022. AE4EU work packages are represented in these co-design workshop, which allows for continuous fine-tuning rather than having – an initially planned – one-time workshop to connect related processes. The NofN is intended to cater to both conventional farmers who want to make steps in applying a subset of the 13 agroecology principles and to those who embrace the full scope of these principles.
Effects of Dietary Emulsifiers on Vasopressin and Oxytocin in Mice
Creators: name: Mehta, Krishna
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description:
Microbiota are micro-organisms that colonize the internal and external surfaces of the body and contribute to developmental processes and the microbiota-gut-brain axis, thereby to the high comorbidity between mental and gastrointestinal diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influence the expression of vasopressin (AVP), a neuropeptide that mediates anxiety, stress and sickness behaviors and oxytocin (OXT), a neuropeptide that modulates social behavior and energy homeostasis. One way that the gut microbiota can be altered is through diet. Dietary emulsifiers, ambiphillic molecules used to stabilize emulsions of oil and water, alter the gut microbiome and increase intestinal inflammation. Recently, we have demonstrated that the emulsifiers carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polysorbate 80 (P80) increase anxiety-like behavior and reduce social behavior. Here, we investigate the roles of AVP and OXT as potential neural mechanisms by which emulsifiers alter anxiety and social behaviors. To test, male and female mice were weaned at 3 weeks of age, started in water (control), CMC or P80 treatment, and remained on treatment throughout the duration of the experiment. A standard battery of anxiety and social behavior tests was conducted starting at 10 weeks of age. A week following the completion of the last behavioral task, mice were euthanized, and brains were harvested and processed immunoreactivity (IR) of AVP and OXT in brain areas associated with stress and metabolism, such as the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT). There was no main effect of treatment in AVP-IR in the PVN or PVT or OXT-IR in the PVN. There was a main effect of sex in AVP-IR in the PVN. Therefore, the results do not support the hypothesis regarding vasopressin and oxytocin expression in the PVN and PVT of mice with emulsifier-induced intestinal inflammation. Altered expression of AVP and OXT may not be a mechanism by which dietary emulsifiers cause changes in anxiety-like and social behavior.
Correlating Resting-State Functional Connectivity with Mental Imagery Vividness in a Healthy Population
Creators: name: Brannigan, Kyla
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2021

description:
Mental imagery is the act of using the minds eyes and ears to generate and experience sensory information that is absent in the external environment. The vividness of mental imagery varies across individuals, but not much is known about what contributes to these differences. This exploratory study investigates the possible relationship between resting-state functional connectivity and the vividness of mental imagery. We performed a seed-based connectivity analysis on resting-state scans of two groups of healthy control subjects with Brodmann area 19, the precuneus, the superior temporal gyrus, the hippocampus, and the posterior cingulate cortex as regions of interest. Although the underlying functional network connectivity was the same across groups, there was no groupwise replication of pairwise connectivities associated with either visual or auditory mental imagery vividness. The lack of replication may be due to a number of factors, but we highlight the impact of asking one group about the vividness of their imagery after each task-based trial and not the other. This may have primed the individuals in the former group to be in a self-referential state of mind during the resting-state scan, affecting the pairwise connectivity relationships to either imagery modality.
Aharonov-Bohm photonic cages in waveguide and coupled resonator lattices by synthetic magnetic fields
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a method for trapping photons in quasi one-dimensional waveguide or coupled-resonator lattices, which is based on an optical analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm cages for charged particles. Light trapping results from a destructive interference of Aharonov-Bohm type induced by a synthetic magnetic field, which is realized by periodic modulation of the waveguide/resonator propagation constants/resonances.
description: slightly revised version, 3 figures, 6 pages, to appear in Optics Letters
Registered and antiregistered phase separation of mixed amphiphilic bilayers
Creators: name: Williamson, John J.
name: Olmsted, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a mean-field free energy for the phase behaviour of coupled bilayer leaflets, which is implicated in cellular processes and important to the design of artificial membranes. Our model accounts for amphiphile-level structural features, particularly hydrophobic mismatch, which promotes antiregistration (AR), in competition with the `direct' trans-midplane coupling usually studied, promoting registration (R). We show that the phase diagram of coupled leaflets allows multiple \textit{metastable} coexistences, then illustrate the kinetic implications with a detailed study of a bilayer of equimolar overall composition. For approximate parameters estimated to apply to phospholipids, equilibrium coexistence is typically registered, but metastable antiregistered phases can be kinetically favoured by hydrophobic mismatch. Thus a bilayer in the spinodal region can require nucleation to equilibrate, in a novel manifestation of Ostwald's `rule of stages'. Our results provide a framework for understanding disparate existing observations, elucidating a subtle competition of couplings, and a key role for phase transition kinetics in bilayer phase behaviour.
description: Final authors' version. Important typo in Eq. A24 corrected. To appear in Biophysical Journal
Additional file 2 of Confronting implicit bias toward patients: a scoping review of post-graduate physician curricula
Creators: name: Gleicher, S. T.
name: Chalmiers, M. A.
name: Aiyanyor, B.
name: Jain, R.
name: Kotha, N.
name: Scott, K.
name: Song, R. S.
name: Tram, J.
name: Vuong, C. L.
name: Kesselheim, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Appendix2. Data extraction form for scoping review on curricula addressing post-graduate physician implicit bias toward patients.
Warum die Transformation zu einem wachstumsunabhängigen Gesundheits- und Wirtschaftssystem nötig ist
Creators: name: van de Pas, Remco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Postwachstum
Degrowth
Gesundheitssysteme

description: Wie in den meisten europäischen Ländern ist das deutsche Gesundheitssystem Teil eines Wirtschaftssystems, dem es intrinsisch an gesundheitlicher, ökologischer und sozialer Nachhaltigkeit mangelt. Der deutsche Gesundheitssektor ist für 5,2% der nationalen Treibhausgasemissionen verantwortlich. 2011 mussten 51 von 1.000 Patient:innen mit Diabetes ins Krankenhaus eingeliefert werden. Damit hat Deutschland eine der höchsten Aufnahmeraten im europäischen Vergleich, bei einer Erkrankung, die durch ambulante Präventionsmaßnahmen leicht zu vermeiden wäre. Seit dem Jahr 2013 ist der Anteil ausländischer Pflegekräfte von 5,8% auf 11% gestiegen, was als eine Form des Braindrains aus dem globalen Süden angesehen werden kann. In diesem Impuls zeigt Dr. Remco van de Pas, wie diese Beispiele miteinander zusammenhängen.
Bose-Einstein correlations and thermal cluster formation in high-energy collisions
Creators: name: Bialas, Andrzej
name: Florkowski, Wojciech
name: Zalewski, Kacper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The blast wave model is generalized to include the production of thermal clusters, as suggested by the apparent success of the statistical model of particle production at high energies. The formulae for the HBT correlation functions and the corresponding HBT radii are derived.
description: minor text corrections, a few references added, version accepted for publication in APPB
BUSINESS AND LEISURE IN TRAVEL: AN EXPLORATION THROUGH BLEISURE TRAVELERS’ PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Park, Soona
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hospitality management

description: Business and leisure travelers have been considered two contradicting segments by many researchers due to their different requirements and motivations for their travel. However, there has been a shift in such perception, and it is becoming more common for people to combine business and leisure during their travel while blurring the boundary between the two. Such a type of traveler is recently called "bleisure traveler” as they inculcated diverse forms of leisure within their business travel. To better understand the current trend of bleisure, it is necessary to examine how leisure components can play an important role in one’s business travel. In addition, the combination of business and leisure in one trip can be debilitating when there is a conflict between one’s work and leisure domains despite its significant benefits such as promoting travelers’ health and wellbeing. In this regard, the major objective of the current research is to understand the reason why bleisure is important and how to magnify the benefits of it to obtain better travel experiences and wellbeing of travelers. Accordingly, this research consists of two associated studies under the theme of bleisure (1) to demonstrate the influence of different types of leisure in business travel and (2) to investigate which travel attributes influence travelers’ work-leisure conflicts and subsequently their subjective wellbeing.
Dekarbonisierung des Verkehrssektors in Berlin: Bürger:innengutachten zu wissenschaftlich erstellten Szenarien
Creators: name: Kreuschner, Moritz
name: Nagel, Kai
name: Schlenther, Tilmann
name: Bonatz, Nora
name: Moustofi, Hamid
name: Dienel, Hans-Liudger
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr::388 Verkehr; Landverkehr
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::303 Gesellschaftliche Prozesse
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::006 Spezielle Computerverfahren
subject: Berlin's transport sector
subject: decarbonization
subject: citizen council
subject: Dekarbonisierung
subject: Bürger:innengutachten
subject: Verkehrssektor
subject: non-fossil scenarios
subject: nicht-fossile Szenarien
subject: Defossilisierung
subject: defossilization
subject: Berlin

description: Diese Forschungsdaten wurden beim Workshop innerhalb des Projekts Bürgerschaftliche Resonanz auf nachhaltige Mobilitäts- und Infrastrukturszenarien für Berlin erhoben. Unterschiedlichen Maßnahmen für eine Dekarbonisierung des Berliner Verkehrssektors wurden in Workshops mit Bürger:innen aus Berlin und Brandenburg, die als Bürgergutachter:innen agieren, kontrovers und alternativ diskutiert und darüber abgestimmt. Dies bildet den Anhang des Preprints Dekarbonsierung des Verkehrssektors in Berlin: Bürger:innengutachten zu wissenschaftlich erstellten Szenarien. Der Preprint ist erreichbar unter DOI: https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-18736.
Additional file 3 of Confronting implicit bias toward patients: a scoping review of post-graduate physician curricula
Creators: name: Gleicher, S. T.
name: Chalmiers, M. A.
name: Aiyanyor, B.
name: Jain, R.
name: Kotha, N.
name: Scott, K.
name: Song, R. S.
name: Tram, J.
name: Vuong, C. L.
name: Kesselheim, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Appendix 3. Summary of all 90 studies included in the scoping review (February-November 2020) of post-graduate physician implicit bias curricula [52–119].
Finite-volume Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds contain immersed Quasi-Fuchsian surfaces
Creators: name: Baker, Mark D.
name: Cooper, Daryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 20F65, 20F67

description: The paper contains a new proof that a complete, non-compact hyperbolic $3$-manifold $M$ with finite volume contains an immersed, closed, quasi-Fuchsian surface.
description: Final version to appear in AGT. Some typos corrected, particularly def (3.6). Rewording of 4 paragraphs in proof of (4.2) for added clarity. Final section added comparing this paper to the approach of Masters and Zhang
Additional file 1 of Factors impacting participation in research during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a survey of patients in the ophthalmology outpatient department
Creators: name: Abdulhussein, Dalia
name: Yap, Timothy E.
name: Manzar, Haider
name: Miodragovic, Serge
name: Cordeiro, Francesca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey Questionnaire.
Growth and activity of black holes in galaxy mergers with varying mass ratios
Creators: name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Bellovary, Jillian M.
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Governato, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supermassive black holes (BHs) in merging galaxies, using a suite of hydrodynamical simulations with very high spatial (~10 pc) and temporal (~1 Myr) resolution, where we vary the initial mass ratio, the orbital configuration, and the gas fraction. (i) We address the question of when and why, during a merger, increased BH accretion occurs, quantifying gas inflows and BH accretion rates. (ii) We also quantify the relative effectiveness in inducing AGN activity of merger-related versus secular-related causes, by studying different stages of the encounter: the stochastic (or early) stage, the (proper) merger stage, and the remnant (or late) stage. (iii) We assess which galaxy mergers preferentially enhance BH accretion, finding that the initial mass ratio is the most important factor. (iv) We study the evolution of the BH masses, finding that the BH mass contrast tends to decrease in minor mergers and to increase in major mergers. This effect hints at the existence of a preferential range of mass ratios for BHs in the final pairing stages. (v) In both merging and dynamically quiescent galaxies, the gas accreted by the BH is not necessarily the gas with $low$ angular momentum, but the gas that $loses$ angular momentum.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 23 pages, 22 figures, 3 tables
PAINTER: a spatio-spectral image reconstruction algorithm for optical interferometry
Creators: name: Schutz, Antony
name: Ferrari, André
name: Mary, David
name: Soulez, Férréol
name: Thiébaut, Éric
name: Vannier, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Astronomical optical interferometers sample the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of a source at the observation wavelength. Because of rapid perturbations caused by atmospheric turbulence, the phases of the complex Fourier samples (visibilities) cannot be directly exploited. Consequently, specific image reconstruction methods have been devised in the last few decades. Modern polychromatic optical interferometric instruments are now paving the way to multiwavelength imaging. This paper is devoted to the derivation of a spatio-spectral (3D) image reconstruction algorithm, coined PAINTER (Polychromatic opticAl INTErferometric Reconstruction software). The algorithm relies on an iterative process, which alternates estimation of polychromatic images and of complex visibilities. The complex visibilities are not only estimated from squared moduli and closure phases, but also differential phases, which helps to better constrain the polychromatic reconstruction. Simulations on synthetic data illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm and in particular the relevance of injecting a differential phases model in the reconstruction.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, http://www.opticsinfobase.org/submit/review/copyright_permissions.cfm
Stochastic tunneling and metastable states during the somatic evolution of cancer
Creators: name: Ashcroft, Peter
name: Michor, Franziska
name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Tumors initiate when a population of proliferating cells accumulates a certain number and type of genetic and/or epigenetic alterations. The population dynamics of such sequential acquisition of (epi)genetic alterations has been the topic of much investigation. The phenomenon of stochastic tunneling, where an intermediate mutant in a sequence does not reach fixation in a population before generating a double mutant, has been studied using a variety of computational and mathematical methods. However, the field still lacks a comprehensive analytical description since theoretical predictions of fixation times are only available for cases in which the second mutant is advantageous. Here, we study stochastic tunneling in a Moran model. Analyzing the deterministic dynamics of large populations we systematically identify the parameter regimes captured by existing approaches. Our analysis also reveals fitness landscapes and mutation rates for which finite populations are found in long-lived metastable states. These are landscapes in which the final mutant is not the most advantageous in the sequence, and resulting metastable states are a consequence of a mutation-selection balance. The escape from these states is driven by intrinsic noise, and their location affects the probability of tunneling. Existing methods no longer apply. In these regimes it is the escape from the metastable states that is the key bottleneck; fixation is no longer limited by the emergence of a successful mutant lineage. We used the so-called Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method to compute fixation times in these parameter regimes, successfully validated by stochastic simulations. Our work fills a gap left by previous approaches and provides a more comprehensive description of the acquisition of multiple mutations in populations of somatic cells.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures
Loop quantum cosmology from group field theory
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the effective dynamics of the recently proposed isotropic condensate state of group field theory with Laplacian kinetic operator can be equivalent to that of homogeneous and isotropic loop quantum cosmology in the improved dynamics quantization scheme, where the area of elementary holonomy plaquettes is constant. This constitutes a somewhat surprising example of a cosmological model of quantum gravity where the operations of minisuperspace symmetry reduction and quantization can actually commute.
description: 5 pages. v2: typos corrected, eprint number of Ref. [14] added; v3: results with interactions included
Additional file 1 of The prognostic value of early measures of the ventilatory ratio in the ARDS ROSE trial
Creators: name: Monteiro, Ana Carolina Costa
name: Vangala, Sitaram
name: Wick, Katherine D.
name: Delucchi, Kevin L.
name: Siegel, Emily R.
name: Thompson, B. Taylor
name: Liu, Kathleen D.
name: Sapru, Anil
name: Sinha, Pratik
name: Matthay, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Kaplan–Meier survival curves for patients with VR equal to or below 2 versus those with VR above 2. The outcome measured was 90-day survival. Left, 90-day survival for baseline VR values (n = 874, p = NS, log-rank test), Right, 90-day survival for day 1 VR. Values (n = 808, p < 0.01, log-rank test). Table S1. Interaction term analysis, baseline VR (n = 790).