cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myrmecina silvalaeva Shattuck, 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Myrmecina
Myrmecina silvalaeva

description: Myrmecina silvalaeva sp. n.
(Figs 5, 7, 29–31, 47)
Types. Holotype worker from Gadgarra, 17°16'S 145°40'E, Queensland, Feb. 1976, P. J. M. Greenslade & J. Holt, litter (ANIC, ANIC32-047265).
Diagnosis. Sculpturing on anterior mesonotum consisting of continuous transverse “U”-shaped carinae, the area immediately behind the pronotal collar weakly sculptured or essentially smooth. This species is most similar to eruga and pumila in having weakly developed sculpturing on the pronotum immediately behind the collar but differs in having transversely arched (rather than longitudinal) carinae on the dorsum of the mesosoma.
Worker description. Antennal scapes smooth with one or two low ridges. First segment of funiculus cone-shaped. Sides of head behind compound eyes smooth. Sculpturing on dorsal surface of mesosoma “U”- shaped anteriorly and “V”-shaped posteriorly, dorsal surface of pronotum immediately behind the collar with very weak sculpturing and nearly smooth. Carinae extending continuously from the dorsal surface onto the lateral surfaces of the mesosoma. Metanotal spines short. Propodeal spines long. Erect hairs abundant, straight, relatively short. Colour dark brown-black, antennae, mandibles, legs and tip of gaster yellow-red.
Measurements. Worker (n = 3) — CI 93–96; HL 0.60–0.61; HW 0.56–0.59; MTL 0.29–0.29; SI 79–90; SL 0.47–0.52; WL 0.70–0.73.
Additional material examined (ANIC). Queensland: 6km E Butchers Creek School (Monteith,G.).
Comments. This rainforest species is known from a limited number of collections from a small area of the wet tropics, northern Queensland. It has been collected from leaf litter samples.
description: Published as part of Shattuck, Steve, 2009, A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 2146 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188674
Myrmecina silvampla Shattuck, 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Myrmecina
Myrmecina silvampla

description: Myrmecina silvampla sp. n.
(Figs 5, 7, 32–34, 47)
Types. Holotype worker from 2.0km WNW Cape Tribulation (Site 2), 16°05’S 145°28’E, 50m, Queensland, 3 Oct. 1982, Monteith, Yeates & Thompson, QM Berlesate No. 447, rainforest, sieved litter (ANIC, ANIC32- 047355); 1 paratype ergatoid, same data as holotype (ANIC, ANIC32-047243).
Diagnosis. Sculpturing “V”-shaped on pronotum grading into “U”-shaped on mesonotum; body larger (HW> 0.8mm). This species can be separated from all other known Australian species by the combination of “V”-shaped sculpturing on the mesonotum and the large body size.
Worker description. Antennal scapes smooth. First segment of funiculus cone-shaped. Sides of head behind compound eyes smooth. Sculpturing on dorsal surface of mesosoma narrowly “V”-shaped anteriorly and broadly “V”-shaped posteriorly. Carinae extending continuously from the dorsal surface onto the lateral surfaces of the mesosoma. Metanotal spines long. Propodeal spines long. Erect hairs abundant, straight, relatively long. Colour dark brown-black, antennae, mandibles, anterior section of head, lower sections of mesosoma, legs and tip of gaster yellow.
Measurements. Worker (n = 1) — CI 95; HL 0.87; HW 0.82; MTL 0.50; SI 95; SL 0.78; WL 1.02.
Comments. This rare Far North Queensland rainforest species is known from a single collection consisting of two specimens, one a worker and the other an ergatoid (with an enlarged mesosoma).
description: Published as part of Shattuck, Steve, 2009, A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 2146 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188674
Myrmecina silvangula Shattuck, 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Myrmecina
Myrmecina silvangula

description: Myrmecina silvangula sp. n.
(Figs 5, 7, 35–37, 47)
Types. Holotype worker from Thornton Range, 16°14'S 145°26'E, 100m, Queensland, 24 June 1971, R. W. Taylor & J. Feehan, rainforest, berlesate (ANIC, ANIC32-047351); 2 paratype workers, same data as holotype (MCZC, ANIC32-047239; ANIC, ANIC32-047240); 1 paratype worker from Thornton Range, 16°15'S 145°26'E, 150m, Queensland, 23 June 1971, R. W. Taylor & J. Feehan, rainforest, berlesate (ANIC, ANIC32- 047238).
Diagnosis. Carinae on pronotum and anterior mesonotum “V”-shaped; sides of head behind compound eyes smooth; antennal scapes with low longitudinal ridges; body smaller (HW <0.70). This species can be separated from all other known Australian species by the combination of “V”-shaped sculpturing on the dorsum of the mesosoma and the small body size.
Worker description. Antennal scapes with low ridges. First segment of funiculus cone-shaped. Sides of head behind compound eyes smooth. Sculpturing on dorsal surface of mesosoma broadly “V”-shaped anteriorly, narrowly “V”-shaped medially and parallel posteriorly. Carinae extending continuously from the dorsal surface onto the lateral surfaces of the mesosoma. Metanotal spines short. Propodeal spines long. Erect hairs abundant, straight. Colour dark brown-black, antennae, mandibles and legs yellow-brown.
Measurements. Worker (n = 6) — CI 93–100; HL 0.57–0.64; HW 0.56–0.60; MTL 0.28–0.32; SI 85–92; SL 0.48–0.55; WL 0.65–0.80.
Additional material examined (ANIC). Queensland: Alexandra Bay (Feehan & Taylor); Cooper Ck., nr. Daintree (Taylor,R.W. & Feehan,J.); Mt. Sorrow slopes, Cape Tribulation (Monteith,G.B.); Thornton Range (Taylor,R.W. & Feehan,J.).
Comments. This species has been collected from leaf litter in rainforests from a restricted area of northern Queensland.
description: Published as part of Shattuck, Steve, 2009, A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 2146 on pages 15-18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188674
Myrmecina silvarugosa Shattuck, 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Myrmecina
Myrmecina silvarugosa

description: Myrmecina silvarugosa sp. n.
(Figs 5, 7, 38–40, 47)
Types. Holotype worker from Mt. Lewis, 16°34'S 145°17'E, Queensland, 20 June 1971, Taylor & Feehan, rainforest (ANIC, ANIC32-047234).
Diagnosis. Majority of carinae on pronotum and mesonotum gently curved across width of mesosoma; sides of head behind compound eyes with 2–3 longitudinal carinae running the length of the head. The combination of arched mesonotal sculpturing and elongate carinae on the sides of the head behind the eyes will separate this species from all others in Australia.
Worker description. Antennal scapes smooth or with weak ridges. First segment of funiculus coneshaped. Sides of head behind compound eyes with 2–3 longitudinal carinae running the length of the head. Carinae on pronotum and mesonotum transverse, gently curved, extending across width of mesosoma. Carinae extending continuously from the dorsal surface onto the lateral surfaces of the mesosoma. Metanotal spines short. Propodeal spines long. Erect hairs abundant, straight. Colour dark brown-black, antennae, mandibles and legs yellow-brown.
Measurements. Worker (n = 4) — CI 96–100; HL 0.63–0.66; HW 0.61–0.65; MTL 0.32–0.33; SI 82–87; SL 0.53–0.56; WL 0.71–0.78.
Additional material examined. Queensland: 2.5km N Mt. Lewis via Julatten (Yeates,D.K. & Thompson,G.I.) (ANIC); Mary Creek site 4 (Burwell,C.) (QMBA); Mt. Lewis Barracks, via Julatten (Monteith,G & Cook,D.) (ANIC).
Comments. This high-elevation species is restricted to mountain-tops above 1000m in a small area within Queensland’s wet tropics where it occurs in rainforests. This species is sympatric with alpina, another highelevation species, and these are the only Australian species with carinae on the sides of the head behind the eyes.
description: Published as part of Shattuck, Steve, 2009, A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 2146 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188674
Myrmecina silvatransversa Shattuck, 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Myrmecina
Myrmecina silvatransversa

description: Myrmecina silvatransversa sp. n.
(Figs 5, 7, 41–43, 47)
Types. Holotype worker from 4km W of Cape Tribulation (site 8), 16°5'S 145°26'E, Queensland, 24 Sept. 1982, Monteith, Yeates & Thompson, rainforest, sieved litter (ANIC, ANIC32-047244).
Diagnosis. Majority of carinae on pronotum and mesonotum gently curved across width of mesosoma; sides of head behind compound eyes smooth. The combination of arched mesonotal sculpturing and smooth sides of the head behind the eyes will separate this species from all others in Australia.
Worker description. Antennal scapes with low ridges. First segment of funiculus cone-shaped. Sides of head behind compound eyes smooth. Carinae on pronotum and mesonotum transverse, gently curved, extending across width of mesosoma. Carinae extending continuously from the dorsal surface onto the lateral surfaces of the mesosoma. Metanotal spines reduced to low angles. Propodeal spines long. Erect hairs abundant, straight. Colour dark brown-black, antennae, mandibles and legs yellow-red.
Measurements. Worker (n = 1) — CI 95; HL 0.63; HW 0.60; MTL 0.32; SI 96; SL 0.58; WL 0.74.
Comments. This rare species is known from a single high-elevation rainforest leaf litter sample from northern Queensland.
description: Published as part of Shattuck, Steve, 2009, A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 2146 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188674
Myrmecina wesselensis Shattuck, 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Myrmecina
Myrmecina wesselensis

description: Myrmecina wesselensis sp. n.
(Figs 44–46, 52)
Types. Holotype worker from Rimbija Island, Wessel Islands, 11°01’S 136°45’E, Northern Territory, 3–14 Feb. 1977, T. A. Weir, ground strays collected at night (ANIC, ANIC32-047233).
Diagnosis. Erect hairs on gaster (and most on mesonotum) strongly curved so their tips are nearly parallel with the surface of the body. These short, curved hairs are unique among the Australian fauna and will separate this species from all others.
Worker description. Antennal scapes smooth. First segment of funiculus cone-shaped. Sides of head behind compound eyes smooth. Sculpturing on dorsal surface of mesosoma running longitudinally and generally with the central carina (or carinae) running nearly the length (the pronotum not differentiated from the mesonotum). Dorsal and lateral surfaces of mesosoma separated by an indistinct angle or ridge which interrupts or breaks the mesosomal sculpturing. Metanotal spines reduced, small. Propodeal spines long. Erect hairs on gaster (and most on mesonotum) strongly curved so their tips are nearly parallel with the surface of the body. Colour dark brown-black, antennae, mandibles, legs and tip of gaster yellow-red.
Measurements. Worker (n = 1) — CI 100; HL 0.68; HW 0.68; MTL 0.34; SI 81; SL 0.55; WL 0.77.
Comments. This species is known from a single worker collected foraging on the ground at night from the Wessel Islands, Northern Territory.
description: Published as part of Shattuck, Steve, 2009, A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 2146 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.188674
Eudendrium Ehrenberg 1834
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Hydroida
Eudendriidae
Eudendrium

description: Eudendrium sp.
Material examined. 9752#1, a stem 75 mm high, with gonophores.
Description. Stem polysiphonic, 75 mm high. Branching irregular, with branches up to third order. Branches short, up to 15 mm long, directed upwards. Most branches monosiphonic; only the longest with a proximal stolon for a short distance. Perisarc smooth. Polyps badly preserved. Female gonophores mature, distributed along pedicel.
Cnidome consisting of larger (17.5– 19 x 7–8 µm) and smaller (7.5 x 4 µm) microbasic euryteles.
Remarks. The available material prevents us from providing a confident identification. The polyps are in poor condition, making it impossible to ascertain whether the larger nematocysts have any particular distribution pattern. Additionally, there is no sign of gonozooids, the female gonophores are mature and already deprived of spadix.
Ecology and distribution. The material studied was collected at depths between 1007 and 1042 m in Porcupine Seabight; gonophores in April.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Acryptolaria crassicaulis
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Lafoeidae
Acryptolaria
Acryptolaria crassicaulis

description: Acryptolaria crassicaulis (Allman, 1888)
(Fig. 3A–B)
Cryptolaria crassicaulis Allman, 1888: lvii, lxvii, lxviii, 41, pl. 19, figs 3, 3a.
Acryptolaria crassicaulis — Peña Cantero et al., 2007: 245 –247, figs 6, 15D, 17E (synonymy); Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 2010: 282 –283, figs 6, 30.
Material examined. 50303, one stem 40 mm high, no coppiniae; JC037/019, a stem 50 mm high, no coppiniae.
Description. Stems up to 50 mm high, almost completely polysiphonic, and divided into internodes with a distinct zigzag arrangement. Some anastomoses between branches present.
Hydrothecae alternately arranged in approximately one plane. Hydrotheca (Fig. 3A) tubular, but curved outwards, particularly at distal part. Diameter roughly constant in free part, but gradually decreasing towards basal part. Free part of adcauline wall distinctly convex; adnate one only slightly convex. Abcauline wall concave at distal third, straight basally. Hydrothecal aperture circular, rim even, sometimes with renovations.
Measurements (in µm). Hydrotheca: diameter at aperture 250–260; length of free adcauline wall 300–470. Cnidome: macrobasic mastigophores (Fig. 3B), 15.5–17.5 x 5.5–6.
Remarks. The material from JC037/019 has slightly larger hydrothecae than previously recorded.
This constitutes the third confirmed record of the species. See Peña Cantero et al. (2007) for a re-description of the type material and a discussion of its relationship with other species in the genus. The material examined agrees with A. crassicaulis in the shape and size of the hydrotheca, the size of the nematocysts and the marked zigzag arrangement of the internodes. Acryptolaria conferta (Allman 1877) also has a marked zigzag arrangement of the internodes and a similar hydrotheca, but the nematocysts are distinctly larger and the hydrothecae are smaller.
Ecology and distribution. This is a deep-water species, found at depths from 236 (Peña Cantero & Vervoort 2010) to 756 m (Allman 1888). Present material ranges from 2000 to 2754 m, considerably increasing its lower bathymetric limit.
The species has an uncertain distribution. It is recorded with certainty off Ascension Island (07°54’20’’N, 14°28’20’’W), and in waters of the Loyalty Islands and New Caledonia (Peña Cantero & Vervoort 2010). The present material, which constitutes the third confirmed record of the species, comes from Rockall Trough and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Cryptolarella abyssicola
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Lafoeidae
Cryptolarella
Cryptolarella abyssicola

description: Cryptolarella abyssicola (Allman, 1888)
(Fig. 3C–E)
Cryptolarella abyssicola — Marques et al., 2005: 711 –719, fig. 1 (synonymy)
Material examined. 51416#1, one stem fragment c. 14 mm long, no gonothecae; 52602#13, four stem fragments up to 23 mm long, with gonothecae; 52701#6, three stems up to 70 mm high, with gonothecae; 52701#48, a few fragments up to 33 mm long, no gonothecae.
Description. Polysiphonic stems, up to 70 mm high. Hydrorhiza rhizoidal, quite robust, formed by a few, basally polysiphonic stolons. Hydrothecae arising in an indefinite pattern. Hydrotheca (Fig. 3C–D) tubular, diameter roughly constant throughout its length. Hydrotheca bent outwards at distal part. Free portion of hydrotheca highly variable. Hydrothecal aperture circular, rim even, frequently with many renovations.
Gonothecae solitary, resting on stem and branches. Gonotheca elongate, with large, circular, distal aperture (Fig. 3E). Gonothecal wall with fine transversal striation (Fig. 3E).
Only one category of microbasic euryteles observed.
Measurements (in µm). Hydrotheca: diameter at aperture 140–180. Gonotheca: length, 2100–2400, diameter at aperture 360–400. Cnidome: microbasic euryteles, 8– 9 x 3–3.5.
Remarks. See Marques et al, (2005) for a revision and wide discussion on the genus Cryptolarella, as well as for a re-description of the type material of the species.
Ecology and distribution. This is a deep-water species, found at depths from 200 (Millard 1975) to 6328 m (Vervoort 1972) in scattered records from the Antarctic, Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans (cf. Marques et al. 2005). The present material comes from the Porcupine Seabight and the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, collected at depths from 2770 to 4853 m, with gonothecae in May.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Lafoea dumosa
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Lafoeidae
Lafoea
Lafoea dumosa

description: Lafoea dumosa (Fleming, 1820)
(Fig. 3F–H)
Lafoea dumosa —Schuchert, 2001: 67–70, figs 54A–D, 55, 56 (synonymy).
Material examined. 51217#1, several stems up to 30 mm high, on bryozoan, and a few stem fragments up to 40 mm high, no coppiniae.
Description. Colonies with both stolonal hydrothecae and polysiphonic stems, at least 40 mm high. Stems little branched, straight. Hydrothecae irregularly arranged all around stem, practically without pedicel (Fig. 3F); frequently completely sessile, inserted directly into the branch. Hydrothecae cylindrical, basally narrowing into a short pedicel (Fig. 3G).
Measurements (in µm). Hydrotheca: diameter at aperture 190–200; length up to diaphragm 600–740. Cnidome: isorhizas (Fig. 3H), 13.5–15.5 x 5.0–5.5.
Remarks. In our material the hydrothecae are provided with a short pedicel or there is no pedicel at all. According to Schuchert (2001), L. dumosa has a complicated, not fully resolved, taxonomic history. He found distinct differences in relation to the size and shape of the hydrothecae, and the presence or absence of hydrothecal pedicel, even among colonies from the same locality. However, comparing enough material, he found that all forms ultimately intergraded, although he uncovered two “species” concerning the size of the isorhizas (mean, 23.6 vs 14.0 µm); the present material agrees with the latter. Moura et al. (2011) provided genetic evidence of the existence of cryptic diversity associated with this species.
Ecology and distribution. This is a cosmopolitan species, found from shallow waters to 3940 m (cf. Schuchert 2001); the present material was collected from the Porcupine Seabight at 150 m, on bryozoans.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Modeeria rotunda
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Tiarannidae
Modeeria
Modeeria rotunda

description: Modeeria rotunda (Quoy & Gaimard, 1827)
(Fig. 4A–B)
Modeeria rotunda — Vervoort & Watson, 2003: 31 –32 (synonymy).
Material examined. 51217#1, several hydrothecae, on Sertularella gayi, no gonothecae.
Description. Stolonal colonies, a filiform hydrorhiza giving rise to small hydrothecae on short pedicels (Fig. 4A). Hydrotheca tubiform, with basal circular diaphragm (Fig. 4B). Hydrothecal rim uneven, with two large cusps, separated by two large embayments (Fig. 4A). Operculum composed of two semi-circular, pleated valves, attached to rim embayments and closing as a roof.
Measurements (in µm). Hydrotheca: diameter at aperture 220–230; height, up to diaphragm 730–800, diameter at diaphragm 80–100, length of pedicel 100.
Ecology and distribution. Eurybathic species, found at depths from 0.5 (García Carrascosa 1981) to 1214 m (Schuchert 2001); the present material was collected from the Porcupine Seabight at 150 m, on Sertularella gayi.
Circumglobal from boreal to tropical waters (Vervoort & Watson 2003).
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Stegopoma plicatile
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Tiarannidae
Stegopoma
Stegopoma plicatile

description: Stegopoma plicatile (M. Sars, 1863)
(Fig. 4G–H)
Stegopoma plicatile —Schuchert, 2001: 51–53, fig. 37A–E (synonymy).
Material examined. 9752#1, several stems up to 60 mm high, on axis of dead gorgonian, basibiont of Zygophylax, no gonothecae; Stn CE14011-BIO 217, a fragmented colony (longest fragment, 105 mm long), no gonothecae.
Measurements (in µm). Hydrotheca: diameter at aperture 240–300, abcauline length 950, free part of adcauline length 50, adnate part of adcauline length 1000, adcauline length 1080, height, to the end of cusps 1200.
Remarks. This species is easily recognizable by the simultaneous presence of adnate and free hydrothecae. The adnate ones (Fig. 4G), alternately arranged in one plane, are tubiform, with the apical portion curved outwards. The free hydrothecae (Fig. 4H) are on short pedicels that originate on the opposite side of each adnate hydrotheca, by the middle of the adcauline wall.
See Schuchert (2001) for a recent discussion on its taxonomic history and Schuchert et al. (2017) for the identification of the medusa stage, which belongs to Ptychogena crocea Kramp & Dumas, 1925, and a discussion on the validity of genus. Schuchert et al. (2017) also considered that S. plicatile is most probably a complex of cryptic species and taxonomically considered it as a partial synonym of P. crocea.
Ecology and distribution. Reported from depths between 15 and 1940 m (Schuchert 2001); present material from 982 to 1042 m.
Worldwide distribution (Peña Cantero 2014). Schuchert (2001) considered this species as predominantly circumarctic, although he indicated that it is also known from New Zealand, Antarctica, far southern America and Philippines. Our material comes from the Porcupine Seabight and Rockall Bank.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Lytocarpia myriophylum
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Aglaopheniidae
Lytocarpia
Lytocarpia myriophylum

description: Lytocarpia myriophylum (Linnaeus, 1758)
(Fig. 7)
Lytocarpia myriophylum— Ansín Agís et al., 2001: 88 –99, figs 40–45 (synonymy).
Material examined. 10108#1, two delicate stems up to 40 mm high, no corbulae; 51401#1, a colony with four stems up to 170 mm high, no corbulae; 52026#1, fourteen stems up to 145 mm high, no corbulae.
Description. Stems almost completely polysiphonic, unbranched, up to 170 mm high. Rhizoidal hydrorhiza consisting of a dense mass of fine stolons. Stem divided into large parts by very oblique nodes. Cauline main tube with strong septae. Stem provided with alternate short apophyses giving rise to hydrocladia. Each apophysis with two basal nematothecae (Fig. 7B). Stem with one or two nematothecae between apophyses.
Hydrocladia unbranched and alternately arranged in two planes (angle up to 90°). Hydrocladial internodes with strong septae (Fig. 7C–D). Each internode with a hydrotheca and three sessile nematothecae (Fig. 7C–E): one mesial nematotheca adnate to abcauline hydrothecal wall, and two lateral ones slightly surpassing hydrothecal rim. Hydrotheca cup-shaped (Fig. 7C–D), elongate, but highly variable in height. Adcauline wall adnate, with basal part curved inwards giving rise to an internal septum. Abcauline wall straight or slightly convex. Rim of hydrothecal aperture with five pairs of lateral of cusps and one strongly developed and wide, abcauline cusp, slightly directed inwards (Fig. 7F).
Measurements (in µm). Hydrothecae: height 480–890; diameter at aperture 250–300, distance from axil of mesial nematotheca to end of abcauline cusp 330–850.
Remarks. See Ramil & Vervoort (1992) and Ansín Agís et al. (2001) for a much wider description and an extensive discussion on the species.
The material from Stn 10108#1 allows us to put in evidence the basal structure of the stem, as it consists of two delicate stems 40 and 20 mm high. The latter is completely monosiphonic and the former has a single accompanying tube at its basal part. Both have an undivided basal part with eight or nine frontal nematothecae, followed by a rhomboid prosegment with one nematotheca (Fig. 7A). Then the stems have the hydrocladia, resting on the alternating cauline apophyses. There is a single nematotheca between them.
Ecology and distribution. This is a eurybathic species, collected at depths from 5 and 1800 m (Ansín Agís et al. 2001); present material between 210 and 1390 m.
Widely distributed in the Atlantic (Vervoort 2006). See Ansín Agís et al. (2001) for a comprehensive revision of the Atlantic records. Present material from the Rockall Trough and Porcupine Seabight.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on pages 16-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Schizotricha profunda
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Halopterididae
Schizotricha
Schizotricha profunda

description: Schizotricha profunda (Nutting, 1900)
(Fig. 8)
Plumularia profunda Nutting, 1900: 66 –67, pl. 8 figs 2–3.
Not Polyplumaria profunda — Broch, 1918: 60 –62, figs 28–29 [= Schizotricha variabilis (Bonnevie, 1899)]. Schizotricha profunda — Peña Cantero & Vervoort, 1999: 368 –371, fig. 3.
Material examined. 54907#3, four stems up to 18 mm high, on coral, with gonothecae.
Description. Stems polysiphonic, up to 18 mm high. Stem with alternately arranged cauline apophyses giving rise to hydrocladia (Fig. 8F). Stem divided into internodes with one to two cauline hydrothecae. Each at axil between cauline apophysis and internode and with three associated nematothecae (Fig. 8A–B): two flanking hydrothecal aperture and one under the hydrotheca. Cauline apophyses with one basal nematotheca (Fig. 8B). Hydrocladia unbranched, heteromerously divided into internodes with one or two hydrothecae. Each hydrocladial hydrotheca with three associated nematothecae (Fig. 8C–D): two flanking hydrothecal aperture and one infrathecal nematotheca. Hydrotheca elongate (Fig. 8E), length slightly increasing along hydrocladia (e.g. abcauline length from 230 to 290 µm).
Gonothecae inserted on cauline and hydrocladial internodes through a small pedicel (Fig. 8E–F); up to two gonothecae per internode (Fig. 8E). Gonotheca inverted pear-shaped (Fig. 8F), with circular diaphragm at basal fifth delimiting a basal chamber. Two nematothecae inserted at diaphragm. Gonothecal aperture wide, subterminal and adcaudally directed. Gonotheca 400 µm high and 240 µm in maximum diameter.
Remarks. Schizotricha profunda is the only species of the genus with unforked hydrocladia. These are typically branched once or several times in the remaining species of Schizotricha. Peña Cantero and Vervoort (1999: 369), who re-described the species after examining the type material, discussed the differences with the morphologically closest species of the genus.
Ecology and distribution. This is a bathyal species (Peña Cantero & Vervoort 1999), previously reported from 491 to 792 m depth (Nutting 1900); present material collected at 1060 m, distinctly increasing its lower bathymetric limit, on coral, and with gonothecae in May.
Hitherto, only known off the east coast of Florida (30°44’N 79°26’W and 30°53’N 79°42’30’’W) (Nutting 1900). Our material, which represents the second record for the species, comes from the Porcupine Seabight.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Antennella secundaria
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Halopterididae
Antennella
Antennella secundaria

description: Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791)
(Fig. 9A–E)
Antennella secundaria — Ansín Agís et al., 2001: 140 –145, fig. 63 (synonymy).
Material examined. 13881#1, five stems up to 10 mm high, on Sertularella gayi, no gonothecae.
Description. Stems unbranched, up to 10 mm high, and with up to six hydrothecae. Stem resting on short apophysis. First two cauline internodes with two nematothecae, third internode longer and provided with six nematothecae (Fig. 9A). Remaining stem divided by alternating oblique and transverse nodes into an alternate series of hydrothecate/ahydrothecate internodes (Fig. 9B–D). Ahydrothecate internodes typically with three medial nematothecae (Fig. 9C), although internodes with only one also present (Fig. 9B). Hydrothecate internodes with one hydrotheca and four nematothecae: two flanking hydrothecal aperture on long pedicels (Fig. 9E) (frequently one without pedicel), one nematotheca at axil between adcauline hydrothecal wall and internode (Fig. 9D) and a mesial infrathecal nematotheca not reaching hydrothecal basal part (Fig. 9B–D). All nematothecae bi-chambered. Hydrotheca cup-shaped (Fig. 9E). Hydrothecal wall roughly straight in lateral view, but distinctly widening at distal part of adcauline side. Hydrothecal aperture circular; rim laterally concave (Fig. 9E).
Remarks. See Calder (1997b), Schuchert (1997) or Ansín Agís et al. (2001) for a wide discussion on the species.
Ecology and distribution. This is a eurybathic species, known between 0 (Millard 1975) and 2700 m (Vervoort 2006); present material collected from the Porcupine Seabight at a depth of 863 m. Worldwide distribution in temperate, subtropical and tropical seas (Vervoort 2006).
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on pages 20-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Nemertesia ramosa
Creators: name: Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.
name: Horton, Tammy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Plumulariidae
Nemertesia
Nemertesia ramosa

description: Nemertesia ramosa (Lamarck, 1816)
(Fig. 9F–H)
Nemertesia ramosa — Ansín Agís et al., 2001: 215 –222, figs 83–84 (synonymy).
Material examined. 9778#1, a fragmented stem (largest fragment 160 mm long), no gonothecae.
Description. Stem branched and polysiphonic, broken into several fragments; longest fragment, the basal one, with hydrorhiza and completely polysiphonic, c. 160 mm long.
Branching more or less in one plane and mostly alternate. Lower-order stems polysiphonic in part of their extension; at least third-order stems present.
Stem divided into internodes and with alternating verticils of three apophyses, giving rise to six longitudinal rows. Each cauline internode usually with a single whorl at distal end; double internodes with two verticils of apophyses also present.
Apophyses supporting hydrocladia and provided with one mamelon and three pairs of nematothecae (Fig. 9F): one at base of apophysis, a second pair in the middle and a third one at distal part.
Hydrocladia homomerously divided into hydrothecate internodes (Fig. 9G–H). Each with one hydrotheca and four nematothecae (Fig. 9H): two flanking hydrothecal aperture, one mesial inferior nematotheca and one mesial superior nematotheca. Hydrocladial internodes with basal and distal perisarc ring.
Hydrotheca on lower half of internode (Fig. 9G–H). Hydrotheca low (Fig. 9H), about as high as wide (abcauline length 130 µm, diameter at aperture 120 µm). Abcauline wall longer than adcauline one and, consequently, hydrothecal aperture tilted adcaudally.
Ecology and distribution. Eurybathic species, found at depths between 3 (Gili et al. 1987) and 1425 m (Bedot 1921); our material was collected at 1016–1055 m.
According to Ramil & Vervoort (2006), Nemertesia ramosa is widely distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate East Atlantic; from Norway and Faeroes to South African coast, reaching Mozambique in the Indian Ocean. Our material comes from the Porcupine Seabight.
description: Published as part of Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. & Horton, Tammy, 2017, Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 4347 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1044772
Tachyglossidae Gill 1872
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Monotremata
Tachyglossidae

description: Tachyglossidae Gill 1872
Tachyglossidae Gill 1872, Smithson. Misc. Coll., 11: 27.
Genera: 2 genera with 4 species:
Genus Tachyglossus Illiger 1811 (1 species with 5 subspecies)
Genus Zaglossus Gill 1877 (3 species with 4 subspecies)
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Monotremata, pp. 1-2 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Tachyglossus Illiger 1811
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Monotremata
Tachyglossidae
Tachyglossus

description: Tachyglossus Illiger 1811
Tachyglossus Illiger 1811, Prodr. Syst. Mamm. Avium: 114.
Type Species: Echidna novaehollandiae Lacépède 1799
Synonyms: Acanthonotus Goldfuss 1809; Echidna G. Cuvier 1797; Echinopus G. Fischer 1814; Syphonia Rafinesque 1815.
Species and subspecies: 1 species with 5 subspecies:
Species Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw 1792)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. aculeatus (Shaw 1792)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. acanthion (Collett 1884)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. lawesii Ramsay 1877
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. multiaculeatus (W. Rothschild 1905)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. setosus (E. Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1803)
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Monotremata, pp. 1-2 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Tachyglossus aculeatus
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Monotremata
Tachyglossidae
Tachyglossus
Tachyglossus aculeatus

description: Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw 1792)
[Myrmecophaga] aculeata Shaw 1792, Nat. Misc., 3: pl. 109.
Type Locality: Australia, New South Wales, New Holland (= Sydney).
Vernacular Names: Short-beaked Echidna.
Subspecies::
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. aculeatus (Shaw 1792)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. acanthion (Collett 1884)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. lawesii Ramsay 1877
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. multiaculeatus (W. Rothschild 1905)
Subspecies Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. setosus (E. Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1803)
Distribution: S and E New Guinea; Australia, including Kangaroo Isl (off South Australia) and Tasmania.
Conservation: IUCN ­– Lower Risk (nt) as T. a. multiaculeatus; otherwise Lower Risk (lc). Abundant throughout its range.
Discussion: Includes lawesii and setosus, see Ride (1970:231). Subspecies are unclear, and revision is needed. Species name commonly attributed to Shaw and Nodder, but Nodder was the publisher, not an author.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Monotremata, pp. 1-2 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. aculeatus
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Monotremata
Tachyglossidae
Tachyglossus
Tachyglossus aculeatus
Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. aculeatus (shaw 1792)

description: Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. aculeatus (Shaw 1792)
Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. aculeatus (Shaw 1792), Nat. Misc., 3: pl. 109.
Type Locality: Australia, New South Wales, New Holland (= Sydney).
Synonyms: Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. australiensis (Lesson 1827); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. australis (Lesson 1836); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. corealis (Krefft 1872); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. eracinius (Mudie 1829); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. longiaculeata (Tiedemann 1808); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. myrmecophagus (Goldfuss 1809); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. novaehollandiae (Lacépède 1799); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. orientalis (Krefft 1872); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. sydneiensis (Kowarzik 1909); Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. typica (Thomas 1885).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Monotremata, pp. 1-2 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Moving toward a decolonial and intersectional notion of justice for socio-ecological problems: the urban agroecology of the Buckets Revolution
Creators: name: Pope, Kamila
name: Reynaldo, Renata
name: Borba, Juliano
name: Lana, Marcos
name: Sieber, Stefan
name: Bonatti, Michelle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This article analyses the Buckets Revolution, an urban agroecological movement in a Brazilian favela that emerged to address waste management issues. We aim to explore the movement’s achievements in promoting socio—cological justice in a vulnerable community of the Global South through agroecology, investigating: i) what socio-ecological problems and intersected demands for justice boosted the emergence of the Buckets Revolution? and ii) what demands for justice the BR has been dealing with to overcome the socio-ecological injustices borne by the Chico Mendes community? We apply the socio-ecological justice model as our theoretical framework, with a decolonial and feminist intersectional approach to embrace the complexity of the case study. The research methods focus on embracing the local reality and the community views, encompassing bibliographical research, a focus group, and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that this agroecological movement has effectively addressed organic waste management, food insecurity, and other socio-ecological issues, contributing to socio-ecological justice in the Chico Mendes community. The study emphasizes the importance of considering the a) interconnections of social and ecological problems, b) intersected dimensions of justice, and c) needs and views of the community when developing environmental urban policies to achieve social justice and ecological sustainability.
Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. acanthion
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Monotremata
Tachyglossidae
Tachyglossus
Tachyglossus aculeatus
Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. acanthion (collett 1884)

description: Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. acanthion (Collett 1884)
Synonyms: Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. ineptus Thomas 1906.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Monotremata, pp. 1-2 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519
Agroecological farmer perceptions and opinions towards pest management and biodiversity in the Argentine Pampa region
Creators: name: O’Connor, T.
name: García, O. G.
name: Cabral, V.
name: Isacch, J. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Agroecology has recently become an alternative production model that tries to face the negative environmental and socioeconomic consequences of the agricultural model based on excessive agrochemical use and no-tillage practices. It searches for alternatives to pest management so as to increase yields while promoting biodiversity conservation. Our goal was to know the perception and opinion of agroecological farmers of the Pampa region on crop pests, the techniques they use for pest management and their perceptions on biodiversity. A survey was conducted which provided 103 responses. The main pest mentioned was ants. Of farmers surveyed, 64.71% claim that their main pest significantly reduces their yields, 79.42% claim that they monitor their crops for pests, although those with over 25 years of experience tend not to. Farmers have a mostly positive perception of biodiversity, particularly birds even though many identify pigeons and parrots as damaging. These results make it possible to describe the agroecological Pampa farmers and to show some common pest issues that need to be observed to benefit production in the area. The study highlights the importance of biodiversity for these farmers and their willingness to use tools that attract birds that could potentially manage pests.
Incidence of agroecological-based practices in urban vegetable gardens: effect on crop diversity and production levels
Creators: name: de Paz, Manuel
name: Jodar, Diego N. Nabaes
name: Ocariz, Paula
name: Mantiñan, Camila
name: Raffo, Fernando
name: Garibaldi, Lucas A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Agroecological-based practices (ABPs) play a vital role in urban vegetable gardens, enhancing the quality of life. However, factors driving ABP implementation and their impact on crop production and diversity are not fully understood. Our study assessed the influence of socio-economic and environmental characteristics on ABP adoption, crop diversity, and total weight vegetable production in San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina. Through interviews and a multi-model inference approach, we found that ABP implementation is tied to gardener experience and formative assets (e.g. horticultural experience, specific training). Crop diversity, integral to ABP, is affected by farming practices and farmer characteristics (Farm animals, Pollinator-friendly practices, Experience, Additional training and Environmental knowledge). The Total weight produced was primarily influenced by the type of garden, the gardener’s experience and some ABPs. Long-standing commercial and community objectives and the use of farm animals and commercial seed led to greater production. Strengthening key drivers, such as farmer training, through public policies (e.g. income generation, financing, specific training, land access) can bolster the role of urban gardens in providing a healthy environment and promoting food sovereignty.
Zaglossus Gill 1877
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Monotremata
Tachyglossidae
Zaglossus

description: Zaglossus Gill 1877
Zaglossus Gill 1877, Ann. Rec. Sci. Indus., May: 171.
Type Species: Tachyglossus bruijni Peters and Doria 1876
Synonyms: Acanthoglossus Gervais 1877; Bruynia Dubois 1882; Proechidna Dubois 1884; Prozaglossus Kerbert 1913.
Species and subspecies: 3 species with 4 subspecies:
Species Zaglossus attenboroughi Flannery and Groves 1998
Species Zaglossus bartoni (Thomas 1907)
Subspecies Zaglossus bartoni subsp. bartoni (Thomas 1907)
Subspecies Zaglossus bartoni subsp. clunius Thomas and W. Rothschild 1922
Subspecies Zaglossus bartoni subsp. diamondi Flannery and Groves 1998
Subspecies Zaglossus bartoni subsp. smeenki Flannery and Groves 1998
Species Zaglossus bruijni (Peters and Doria 1876)
Discussion: Revised by Flannery and Groves (1998).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Monotremata, pp. 1-2 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316519