Perugryllus Jaiswara 2017, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Jaiswara, Ranjana
name: Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Perugryllus

description: Perugryllus Jaiswara gen. nov.
http://lsid.speciesfile.org/ urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:500258
New genus included in the morphological phylogeny of subfamily Gryllinae in preparation by Jaiswara et al. as RJ 0 28 (Perugryllus estiron Jaiswara sp. nov.).
Type species. Perugryllus estiron Jaiswara gen. nov., sp. nov.
Distribution. Western Amazonia, Peru.
Etymology. The genus is named after its country of origin. Gender of genus name is masculine.
Diagnosis. The genus is similar to Laureopsis nauta Jaiswara sp. nov. in arrangement of ocelli, TIII with spines above sub-apical spurs on outer margin and general shape of pseudepiphallus of male genitalia. But species are shining, dark brown (Fig. 3A–C). TI with no tympanum. Male. FWs very short (Fig. 3A–B). Stridulum not complete; harp crossed by 1–2 veins; mirror absent; apical field very short and reticulated; CuP very short (Fig. 3D). Lateral field with 2 longitudinal ScP veins. Subgenital plate high and very long, apex convex (Fig. 3G–H). Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse (Fig. 4A) with two lateral lophi and a short median lobe further bifurcated; a pair of long pseudepiphallic apodeme on anterior margin; rami straight and stout; pseudepiphallic parameres complex in structure, trilobed: two lobes clearly visible on ventral side (Fig. 4B) and third is located dorsally and clearly seen in lateral view (Fig. 4C); ectophallic fold very short, wide and membranous (Fig. 4B); endophallic cavity well-developed but not very high, sclerotization at the base of endophallus; ectophallic arc high and strongly sclerotized (Fig. 4C). Female. Apterous (Fig. 3C). Ovipositor almost of the length of TIII.
Description. Size small. Head as wide as pronotum, slightly longer than wide in front view; epistomal suture concave. Occiput bulged. Vertex flat. Eyes large but not bulging. Ocelli arranged almost in a line, median ocellus slightly anterior to lateral ocelli and more dorsal; lateral ocelli round in shape, median ocellus ellipsoidal (Fig. 3E); distance between lateral ocelli’s twice as the distance between one lateral and the median ocellus. Fastigium very wide, almost twice the width of scape. Eyes and antennal pits located very low on the face, very close to epistemal suture. Maxillary palpi very short; joints 3 and 4 subequal; joint 5 the longest and triangular in shape. Pronotum transverse with long setae, concave anteriorly, posterior margin straight to slightly concave; margin of LL ascending posteriorly. TI without inner and outer tympanum, 3 apical spurs, inner dorsal spur lacking, inner ventral spur the longest. TII with 4 apical spurs, the inners the longest. TIII with 1 spines above subapical spurs only on the outer margin, 4 pairs of subapical spurs, the inner longer than outer; 3 apical spurs on each side; median and dorsal inner spurs subequal, the longest; median outer spur twice as long as ventral and dorsal outer spurs; TIII with one spine above sub apical spurs on outer margin. Basitarsomeres III higher than wide, furrowed dorsally; with two rows of strong dorsal spines, getting larger toward tarsomere apex, apical spines the longest. FIII with distinct brown ring towards apex (Fig. 3B).
Coloration. Head, face, pronotum, leg similar to Laureopsis nauta, with respect to coloration. Males FW with yellow humeral region.
Male. FW extending nearly to half of abdomen. Stridulum incomplete (Fig. 3D); harp crossed by 1–2 veins or sometimes fully reticulated; mirror absent; FW mostly reticulated, apical field very short; CuPb very short. Other venations: chord veins are almost parallel to each other. Lateral field with 2 longitudinal ScP veins. Subgenital plate high and very long, extended beyond abdomen, apex convex (Fig. 3A & G).
Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse (Fig. 4A) with a pair of lateral lophi and a short median lobe, further divided to form narrow structures; long pseudepiphallic apodeme on anterior margin, apodemes connected to each other at base (Fig. 4A); rami straight and stout; pseudepiphallic parameres long and tri-lobed anteriorly, two lobes clearly visible on ventral side (Fig. 4B) and third located dorsally and clearly seen in lateral view (Fig. 4C); ectophallic fold short, wide and membranous (Fig. 4B); dorsal cavity well-developed but not very high, endophallic sclerite at the base; ectophallic arc high and strongly sclerotized (Fig. 4C).
Female. Completely apterous (Fig. 3C). Subgenital plate long and truncated apically (Fig. 3F). Ovipositor almost of the length of TIII.
Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla almost fully sclerotized, dorsal round, ventrally with slight narrow extension towards anterior end (Fig. 4 D–E).
description: Published as part of Jaiswara, Ranjana & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2017, Description of two smallest field crickets from South America, Laureopsis nauta Jaiswara gen. nov., sp. nov. and Perugryllus estiron Jaiswara gen. nov., sp. nov. (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae, Gryllinae) in Zootaxa 4350 (3), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4350.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1059367