cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interaction between Injection Points during Hydraulic Fracturing
Creators: name: Hals, Kjetil M. D.
name: Berre, Inga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of the hydraulic fracturing of heterogeneous poroelastic media. The formalism is an effective continuum model that captures the coupled dynamics of the fluid pressure and the fractured rock matrix and models both the tensile and shear failure of the rock. As an application of the formalism, we study the geomechanical stress interaction between two injection points during hydraulic fracturing (hydrofracking) and how this interaction influences the fracturing process. For injection points that are separated by less than a critical correlation length, we find that the fracturing process around each point is strongly correlated with the position of the neighboring point. The magnitude of the correlation length depends on the degree of heterogeneity of the rock and is on the order of 30-45 m for rocks with low permeabilities. In the strongly correlated regime, we predict a novel effective fracture-force that attracts the fractures toward the neighboring injection point.
description: Submitted
title: Is it possible to perform a contrast enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) after a CT using the same contrast?
Creators: name: Abelairas Lopez , Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mammography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer
subject: Breast
subject: Prospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is an imaging tool that combines digital mammography and the use of intravenous iodinated contrast. [1] CESM uses a dual-energy technique: a “low energy” image (similar to digital conventional...
title: A 12 year review of CT Colonography (CTC) performed as part of the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (NHSBCSP) at a Large District General Hospital.
Creators: name: Chillal, Varun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: GI Tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Oncology
subject: CT-Colonography
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Screening
subject: Cancer
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In the NHS Bowel cancer screening programme (NHSBCSP) the general population aged between 60 to 74 are invited to undergo a faecal occult blood test( FOBT). Candidates with a positive FOBT require further investigation and are initially assessed by...
title: The Thomas Farm Project: how a city jumps into agriculture and gets its feet not only wet but muddy!
title: The intersection between local food and conservation from the local government's perspective
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Moline, Jeff
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009
Subjects: local food initiatives
City of Lafayette
Boulder County
Colorado
Thomas Open Space
farmers' market

description: Presented in a panel at Bridging the gap: collaborative conservation from the ground up conference, September 8-11, 2009, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, sponsored by the Center for Collaborative Conservation, https://collaborativeconservation.org/. This conference brought together people with experience working collaboratively to achieve both conservation and livelihood goals in tribal nations, rangelands, forests, watersheds, agricultural lands, and urban areas. The presenter is affiliated with the City of Lafayette, Colorado.
Towards a Healthier 2020: Advancing Mental Health as a Global Health Priority
Creators: name: Pike, Kathleen M.
name: Susser, Ezra S.
name: Galea, Sandro
name: Pincus, Harold A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Public health
Mental health
World health
Mental health policy
International cooperation
Epidemiology

description: Mental and behavioral disorders account for approximately 7.4 percent of the global burden of disease and represent the leading cause of disability worldwide. Intricately connected to educational achievement, overall health outcomes, and economic prosperity, mental and behavioral disorders have nonetheless largely been disregarded within the global health agenda. Recent efforts that more fully quantify the burden of mental and behavioral disorders, coupled with accumulating data of evidence-based approaches that successfully treat these disorders, even in low resource communities, serve as a cornerstone for envisioning a new era that prioritizes and integrates mental health in global health and development. A healthier 2020 depends on global collaboration, improved classification systems, expanded research networks that inform policy and practice globally, and innovative strategies to build capacity in terms of workforce and health care delivery systems. This work will require vigilance to combat ongoing stigma and vision to anticipate global demographic trends of an increasingly urban and ageing population. Such efforts have the potential to transform the lives of hundreds of millions of people around the globe.
Hydroidfest 2016: celebrating a renaissance in hydrozoan research
Creators: name: Dupre, Christophe
name: Grasis, Juris A.
name: Steele, Robert E.
name: Schnitzler, Christine E.
name: Juliano, Celina E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hydrozoa
Siphonophores
Hydractinia
Cnidaria

description: Hydroidfest 2016 took place on September 23–25 at the UC Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory in Bodega Bay, CA. The meeting brought together cnidarian researchers, with an emphasis on those studying hydrozoans, from North America and other parts of the world. The scientific topics discussed were diverse, including sessions focused on development, regeneration, aging, immunology, symbiosis, and neurobiology. Thanks to the application of modern biological technologies, hydrozoans and other cnidarians are now fertile ground for research in numerous disciplines. Moreover, their amenability to comparative approaches is a powerful asset that was repeatedly showcased during the meeting. Here, we give a brief account of the work that was presented and the opportunities that emerged from the ensuing discussions.
title: Dose comparison of pediatric scoliosis between primary and control images
Creators: name: Jämsä, Riina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatrics
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Paediatric
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Education and training
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Scoliosis is considered a curvature of the spine in the coronal plane. The scoliosis can be classified according to the age of the patient: infantile from birth to 3 years of age, juvenile from 3 to 8 years of age, and adolescent from 10 years of...
Enhancing patient navigation to improve intervention session attendance and viral load suppression of persons with HIV and substance use: a secondary post hoc analysis of the Project HOPE study
Creators: name: Stitzer, Maxine
name: Matheson, Tim
name: Cunningham, Colin
name: Sorensen, James L.
name: Feaster, Daniel J.
name: Gooden, Lauren K.
name: Hammond, Alexis S.
name: Fitzsimons, Heather
name: Metsch, Lisa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: HIV (Viruses)--Patients
Medical care
Behavioral assessment
Substance abuse--Patients--Counseling of
HIV-positive persons--Services for
Incentive (Psychology)
Social medicine

description: Background:
                Interventions are needed to improve viral suppression rates among persons with HIV
and substance use. A 3-arm randomized multi-site study (Metsch et al. in JAMA 316:156–70, 2016) was conducted to evaluate the effect on HIV outcomes of usual care referral to HIV and substance use services (N = 253) versus patient navigation delivered alone (PN: N = 266) or together with contingency management (PN + CM; N = 271) that provided financial incentives targeting potential behavioral mediators of viral load suppression.

                Aims:
                This secondary analysis evaluates the effects of financial incentives on attendance at PN sessions and the relationship between session attendance and viral load suppression at end of the intervention.

                Methods:
                Frequency of sessions attended was analyzed over time and by distribution of individual session attendance frequency (PN vs PN + CM). Percent virally suppressed (≤200 copies/mL) at 6 months was compared for low, medium and high rate attenders. In PN + CM a total of $220 could be earned for attendance at 11 PN sessions over the 6-month intervention with payments ranging from $10 to $30 under an escalating schedule.

                Results:
                The majority (74%) of PN-only participants attended 6 or more sessions but only 28% attended 10 or more and 16% attended all eleven sessions. In contrast, 90% of PN + CM attended 6 or more visits, 69% attended 10 or more and 57% attended all eleven sessions (attendance distribution χ2[11] = 105.81; p
Teaching ‘in our remoteness’: A constructivist grounded theory of primary school teaching in a remote area of Nepal
Creators: name: Mitchell, Derek Paul
Publisher: name: Central Queensland University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Remote education
Nepal
Teaching practice
Grounded theory
Education in Nepal

description: Drawing on the experiences of a cohort of public primary school teacher from a remote area in northern Nepal, this study provides deep explanatory theory of remote teaching and its challenges, offering insights into the dynamics of policy and practice and the power of context over such processes.
Accelerated parallel algorithm for gene network reverse engineering
Creators: name: He, Jing
name: Zhou, Zhou
name: Reed, Michael K.
name: Califano, Andrea
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Parallel programming (Computer science)
Gene regulatory networks
Gene expression--Data processing
Systems biology

description: Background:
                The Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Accurate Cellular Networks (ARACNE) represents one of the most effective tools to reconstruct gene regulatory networks from large-scale molecular profile datasets. However, previous implementations require intensive computing resources and, in some cases, restrict the number of samples that can be used. These issues can be addressed elegantly in a GPU computing framework, where repeated mathematical computation can be done efficiently, but requires extensive redesign to apply parallel computing techniques to the original serial algorithm, involving detailed optimization efforts based on a deep understanding of both hardware and software architecture.

                Result:
                Here, we present an accelerated parallel implementation of ARACNE (GPU-ARACNE). By taking advantage of multi-level parallelism and the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) parallel kernel-call library, GPU-ARACNE successfully parallelizes a serial algorithm and simplifies the user experience from multi-step operations to one step. Using public datasets on comparable hardware configurations, we showed that GPU-ARACNE is faster than previous implementations and is able to reconstruct equally valid gene regulatory networks.

                Conclusion:
                Given that previous versions of ARACNE are extremely resource demanding, either in computational time or in hardware investment, GPU-ARACNE is remarkably valuable for researchers who need to build complex regulatory networks from large expression datasets, but with limited budget on computational resources. In addition, our GPU-centered optimization of adaptive partitioning for Mutual Information (MI) estimation provides lessons that are applicable to other domains.
title: Low-volume contrast medium 64-slice computed tomography angiography protocol on obese patients (BMI > 29 kg/m2) before transcatheter aortic valve implantation: preliminary data
Creators: name: Gallo, Giuseppe Salvatore
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: CT
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Contrast agents
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Image verification
subject: Prospective
subject: Not applicable

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Many patients with severe aortic stenosis and multiple co-morbidities are not suitable candidates for surgical replacement of the aortic valve. Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) is a new procedure, in which a bioprosthetic valve is...
Association between genome-wide copy number variation and arsenic-induced skin lesions: a prospective study
Creators: name: Kibriya, Muhammad G.
name: Jasmine, Farzana
name: Parvez, Faruque
name: Argos, Maria
name: Roy, Shantanu
name: Paul-Brutus, Rachelle
name: Islam, Tariqul
name: Ahmed, Alauddin
name: Rakibuz-Zaman, Muhammad
name: Shinkle, Justin
name: Slavkovich, Vesna N.
name: Graziano, Joseph
name: Ahsan, Habibul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human genome--Research
Environmental health
Arsenic--Toxicology
Genotype-environment interaction

description: Background:
                Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is a global health problem and arsenic-induced skin lesions are hallmark of chronic arsenic toxicity. We and others have reported germline genetic variations as risk factors for such skin lesions. The role of copy number variation (CNV) in the germline DNA in this regard is unknown.

                Methods:
                From a large prospectively followed-up cohort, exposed to arsenic, we randomly selected 2171 subjects without arsenic-induced skin lesions at enrollment and genotyped their whole blood DNA samples on Illumina Cyto12v2.1 SNP chips to generate DNA copy number. Participants were followed up every 2 years for a total of 8 years, especially for the development of skin lesions. In Cox regression models, each CNV segment was used as a predictor, accounting for other potential covariates, for incidence of skin lesions.

                Result:
                The presence of genomic deletion(s) in a number of genes (OR5J2, GOLGA6L7P, APBA2, GALNTL5, VN1R31P, PHKG1P2, SGCZ, ZNF658) and lincRNA genes (RP11-76I14.1, CTC-535 M15.2, RP11-73B2.2) were associated with higher risk [HR between 1.67 (CI 1.3-2.1) and 2.15 (CI 1.5-2.9) for different CNVs] for development of skin lesions independent of gender, age, and arsenic exposure. Some deletions had stronger effect in a specific gender (ZNF658 in males, SGCZ in females) and some had stronger effect in higher arsenic exposure (lincRNA CTD-3179P9.1) suggesting a possible gene-environment interaction.

                Conclusion:
                This first genome-wide CNV study in a prospectively followed-up large cohort, exposed to arsenic, suggests that DNA deletion in several genes and lincRNA genes may predispose an individual to a higher risk of development of arsenic-induced skin lesions.
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010: data curation and digital repositories panel
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010 in the Rockies: a human centered approach
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: The data conservancy: curating data for re-use / Mary Marlino
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: The art and science of multi-scale citizen science support: guidelines, recommendations, and lessons learned in developing cyberinfrastructure support systems / Greg Newman
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: The role of repositories in data curation / Jessica Branco Colati
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Colati, Jessica Branco
name: Newman, Greg
name: Marlino, Mary
name: Paschal, Dawn
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2010
Subjects: digital data preservation
data curation
digital repositories
cyberinfrastructure

description: Presented at the CI days: cyberinfrastructure in the Rockies - a human centered approach held on August 13, 2010, at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. This conference brought together librarians, IT staff, and faculty members from institutions in Colorado to explore cyberinfrastructure needs in academic/research environments and the topic of "Open Access" to information as it contributes to the formation of effective cyberinfrastructure. Funded as part of the nation-wide Cyberinfrastructure days initiative, the event was Sponsored by the Colorado State University Libraries, Colorado State University Information Science and Technology Committee (ISTeC), and Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries.
description: Mary Marlino is affiliated with National Center for Atmospheric Research. Greg Newman is a research scientist and scholar at the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University. Jessica Colati is affiliated with Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries, https://www.coalliance.org/.
IRAS03063+5735: A Bowshock Nebula Powered by an Early B Star
Creators: name: Kobulnicky, Henry A.
name: Lundquist, Michael J.
name: Bhattacharjee, Anirban
name: Kerton, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-infrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope Galactic Legacy Infrared MidPlane Survey Extraordinaire program reveal that the infrared source IRAS 03063+5735 is a bowshock nebula produced by an early B star, 2MASS 03101044+5747035. We present new optical spectra of this star, classify it as a B1.5 V, and determine a probable association with a molecular cloud complex at V_LSR=-38 -- -42 km/s in the outer Galaxy near l=140.59 degr, b=-0.250 degr. On the basis of spectroscopic parallax, we estimate a distance of 4.0 +/-1 kpc to both the bowshock nebula and the molecular complex. One plausible scenario is that this a high-velocity runaway star impinging upon a molecular cloud. We identify the HII region and stellar cluster associated with IRAS 03064+5638 at a projected distance of 64 pc as one plausible birth site. The spectrophotometric distance and linkage to a molecular feature provides another piece of data helping to secure the ill-determined rotation curve in the outer Galaxy. As a by-product of spectral typing this star, we present empirical spectral diagnostic diagrams suitable for approximate spectral classification of O and B stars using He lines in the little-used yellow-red portion of the optical spectrum.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Maternal urinary phthalates and sex-specific placental mRNA levels in an urban birth cohort
Creators: name: Adibi, Jennifer J.
name: Buckley, Jessie P.
name: Lee, Myoung K.
name: Williams, Paige L.
name: Just, Allan C.
name: Zhao, Yaqi
name: Bhat, Hari K.
name: Whyatt, Robin M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Environmental health
Phthalate esters
Placenta
Messenger RNA

description: Background:
                Prenatal urinary concentrations of phthalates in women participants in an urban birth cohort were associated with outcomes in their children related to neurodevelopment, autoimmune disease risk, and fat mass at 3,5,7, and 8 years of life. Placental biomarkers and outcomes at birth may offer biologic insight into these associations. This is the first study to address these associations with candidate genes from the phthalate and placenta literature, accounting for sex differences, and using absolute quantitation methods for mRNA levels.

                Methods:
                We measured candidate mRNAs in 180 placentas sampled at birth (HSD17B1, AHR, CGA, CYP19A1, SLC27A4, PTGS2, PPARG, CYP11A1) by quantitative PCR and an absolute standard curve. We estimated associations of loge mRNA with quartiles of urinary phthalate monoesters using linear mixed models. Phthalate metabolites (N = 358) and mRNAs (N = 180) were transformed to a z-score and modeled as independent, correlated vectors in relation to large for gestational age (LGA) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

                Results:
                           CGA was associated with 4 out of 6 urinary phthalates. CGA was 2.0 loge units lower at the 3rd vs. 1st quartile of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) (95% confidence interval (CI): −3.5, −0.5) in male placentas, but 0.6 loge units higher (95% CI: −0.8, 1.9) in female placentas (sex interaction p = 0.01). There was an inverse association of MnBP with PPARG in male placentas (−1.1 loge units at highest vs. lowest quartile, 95% CI: −2.0, −0.1). CY19A1, CYP11A1, CGA were associated with one or more of the following in a sex-specific manner: monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), MnBP, mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP). These 3 mRNAs were lower by 1.4-fold (95% CI: −2.4, -1.0) in male GDM placentas vs. female and non-GDM placentas (p-value for interaction = 0.04). The metabolites MnBP/MiBP were 16% higher (95% CI: 0, 22) in GDM pregnancies.

                Conclusions:
                Prenatal concentrations of certain phthalates and outcomes at birth were modestly associated with molecular changes in fetal placental tissue during pregnancy. Associations were stronger in male vs. female placentas, and associations with MnBP and MiBP were stronger than other metabolites. Placental mRNAs are being pursued further as potential mediators of exposure-induced risks to the health of the child.
title: CT analysis of the relationship between sphenoid sinus volume and accessory septations
Creators: name: Cellina, Michaela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Head and Neck
subject: Anatomy
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Education and training
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Sphenoid sinuses (SS) have gained an increasing attentiondue to thewidespreaddiffusion of endoscopic endonasal and transsphenoidal surgical approaches thathave become the techniques of choice for many neurosurgical and ENT interventions. These...
The biology and ecology of mesopredatory sharks revealed through a multidisciplinary approach
Creators: name: Burke, Patrick John Flanagan
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310305
subject: Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)

description: Intense fishing pressure has resulted in exceptional declines of shark populations around the globe. Sharks facilitate important roles in marine systems as predators, prey, competitors and vectors connecting ecosystems. Despite our growing understanding of certain sharks’ roles in their ecosystems, there is still a considerable gap in our understanding of mesopredatory sharks. We took a multidisciplinary, holistic approach to derive a broad scale understanding of the biology and ecology of a poorly understood group of mesopredators, the sawsharks (Pristiophoridae). We compared traditional (stomach content analysis) and novel (stable isotope analysis, fatty acid analysis, DNA metabarcoding) trophic methodologies using the common sawshark. This work highlights the benefits of multi-methodological approaches to trophic ecology and describes how the complimentary nature of these methods allows for a deeper understanding of an animal’s ecological role. Next, using a suite of traditional and biochemical approaches, we describe the trophic ecology and resource use of the common sawshark and southern sawshark. We identified resource partitioning between species and describe a previously unidentified linkage in pelagic food webs and we discuss potential implications for nutrient transport. Next, we took a neurobiological approach to investigate the visual systems of the southern sawshark through an anatomical investigation of the retina and a transcriptome analysis to better understand opsin expression. We identified a nonuniform distribution of ganglion cells across the retina, relatively low visual acuity, and visual pigments that may support specialisations into benthopelagic foraging. The ecological consequences of which are discussed and related to trophic and movement ecology observed in the southern sawshark. Next, we identified headfirst ingestion foraging tactics of the common sawshark through conebeam CT scans and discuss possible foraging behaviour. Lastly, we provide a literature review on the biotelemetry applications in small-bodied elasmobranchs and directions for future research. This thesis provides a multi-dimensional description of sawshark biology and ecology and illustrates the benefits multi-disciplinary research in describing an animal’s ecological role.
Large-scale magnetic field generation via the kinetic Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in unmagnetized scenarios
Creators: name: Alves, E. P.
name: Grismayer, T.
name: Martins, S. F.
name: Fiúza, F.
name: Fonseca, R. A.
name: Silva, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisionless plasma instabilities are fundamental in magnetic field generation in astrophysical scenarios, but their role has been addressed in scenarios where velocity shear is absent. In this work we show that velocity shears must be considered when studying realistic astrophysical scenarios, since these trigger the collisionless Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI). We present the first self-consistent three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of the KHI in conditions relevant for unmagnetized relativistic outflows with velocity shear, such as active galactic nuclei (AGN) and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We show the generation of a strong large-scale DC magnetic field, which extends over the entire shear-surface, reaching thicknesses of a few tens of electron skin depths, and persisting on time-scales much longer than the electron time scale. This DC magnetic field is not captured by MHD models since it arises from intrinsically kinetic effects. Our results indicate that the KHI can generate intense magnetic fields yielding equipartition values up to ε_B/ε_p ~ 10^-3 in the electron time-scale. The KHI-induced magnetic fields have a characteristic structure that will lead to a distinct radiation signature, and can seed the turbulent dynamo amplification process. The dynamics of the KHI are relevant for non-thermal radiation modeling and can also have a strong impact on the formation of relativistic shocks in presence of velocity shears.
title: Quantitative Evaluation of Lung Motion due to Different Breathing Maneuvers using Deformable Image Registration
Creators: name: Maehira, Shota
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Image registration
subject: Retrospective
subject: Experimental
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Accurate estimation for the effects of respiratory motion can potentially lead to more accurate diagnosis and treatment. In radiation therapy, for example, the motion is assessed for determination of planning margins 1) and delivered dose assessment...
Personalized predictive modeling for patients with Alzheimer’s disease using an extension of Sullivan’s life table model
Creators: name: Stallard, Eric
name: Kinosian, Bruce
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Life expectancy--Mathematical models
Alzheimer's disease--Patients
Neurology
Health expectancy

description: Background:
                Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression varies substantially among patients, hindering calculation of residual total life expectancy (TLE) and its decomposition into disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) and disabled life expectancy (DLE) for individual patients with AD. The objective of the present study was to assess the accuracy of a new synthesis of Sullivan’s life table (SLT) and longitudinal Grade of Membership (L-GoM) models that estimates individualized TLEs, DFLEs, and DLEs for patients with AD. If sufficiently accurate, such information could enhance the quality of important decisions in AD treatment and patient care.

                Methods:
                We estimated a new SLT/L-GoM model of the natural history of AD over 10 years in the Predictors 2 Study cohort: N = 229 with 6 fixed and 73 time-varying covariates over 21 examinations covering 11 measurement domains including cognitive, functional, behavioral, psychiatric, and other symptoms/signs. Total remaining life expectancy was censored at 10 years. Disability was defined as need for full-time care (FTC), the outcome most strongly associated with AD progression. All parameters were estimated via weighted maximum likelihood using data-dependent weights designed to ensure that the estimates of the prognostic subtypes were of high quality. Goodness of fit was tested/confirmed for survival and FTC disability for five relatively homogeneous subgroups defined to cover the range of patient outcomes over the 21 examinations.

                Results:
                The substantial heterogeneity in initial patient presentation and AD progression was captured using three clinically meaningful prognostic subtypes and one terminal subtype exhibiting highly differentiated symptom severity on 7 of the 11 measurement domains. Comparisons of the observed and estimated survival and FTC disability probabilities demonstrated that the estimates were accurate for all five subgroups, supporting their use in AD life expectancy calculations. Mean 10-year TLE differed widely across subgroups: range 3.6–8.0 years, average 6.1 years. Mean 10-year DFLE differed relatively even more widely across subgroups: range 1.2–6.5 years, average 4.0 years. Mean 10-year DLE was relatively much closer: range 1.5–2.3 years, average 2.1 years.

                Conclusions:
                The SLT/L-GoM model yields accurate maximum likelihood estimates of TLE, DFLE, and DLE for patients with AD; it provides a realistic, comprehensive modeling framework for endpoint and resource use/cost calculations.
title: Usefulness of Bayesian estimation algorithm for simulated low-dose cerebral computed tomography perfusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Ichikawa, Shota
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Computed tomography (CT) perfusion is a useful technique that enables the differentiation of salvageable ischemic penumbra from infarct core and can help identify patients most likely to benefit from acute revascularization therapies. The high...
CONSOLE Project - Deliverable 6.2 - "Multiplier Events"
Creators: name: Viaggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: AGR/01 Economia ed estimo rurale
SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: This document reports on activities carried out under Task 6.4 (Multiplier Events) in the framework of WP6 (Dissemination and outreach) of the CONSOLE project. This document includes information on the first round off Multiplier Events carried out by partners in the first few months of the project in order to attract attention and receive input from participants about the planned activities. In total there were 13 MEs held during the first few months of the project. A second round of Multiplier Events will take place at the end of the project.
Development of the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Steroid Questionnaire (SSQ): a novel patient-reported outcome tool to assess the impact of oral steroid treatment
Creators: name: Mathias, Susan D.
name: Berry, Pamela
name: De Vries, Jane
name: Askanase, Anca Dinu
name: Pascoe, Katie
name: Colwell, Hilary H.
name: Chang, David J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Systemic lupus erythematosus
Self-evaluation
Outcome assessment (Medical care)
Glucocorticoids

description: Background:
                Oral glucocorticoids (steroids) are the mainstay of treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but their use is often associated with short- and long-term side effects. Following a literature review and discussions with patients with SLE, clinicians, and payers, a need was identified for a comprehensive SLE-specific tool that can be used to evaluate the side effects and benefits of steroids over time from a patient perspective. The objective of this study was to develop a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure to assess general impact (baseline burden), benefits, side effects, and impacts associated with the use of oral steroids in patients with SLE.

                Methods:
                A qualitative research protocol was developed in which adults with SLE currently receiving or who had received steroids in the past year were recruited from six US rheumatology practices to participate in concept elicitation (CE) interviews. The SLE Steroid Questionnaire (SSQ) was developed based on CE interview results and clinical input. Cognitive debriefing interviews with a second group of patients with SLE evaluated the content, clarity, and relevance of the items. The SSQ was refined using patient feedback, clinician review, and a translatability assessment. The protocol received central independent review board approval.

                Results:
                Thirty-three patients (52% moderate disease severity; 58% currently receiving steroids, mean dose 8.7 mg/day) completed CE interviews. Patients reported benefits, side effects, and impacts from steroids. The refined SSQ contains 50 items assessing steroid dose/duration (4 items), general impact (baseline burden; 19 items), benefits (7 items), work/productivity (3 items), side effects (10 items), emotions (6 items), and overall satisfaction (1 item).

                Conclusion:
                The SSQ is a unique PRO, developed using robust scientific methodology in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration PRO Guidance. It was designed to comprehensively assess the patient experience with steroid therapy and better understand the benefits and burden of steroids for patients with SLE.
Topological insulator ribbon: Surface states and dynamical response
Creators: name: Hao, Lei
name: Thalmeier, Peter
name: Lee, T. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the distributions of charge and spin polarization of a topological insulator ribbon, with a realistic rectangular cross section. Due to constriction in two lateral directions, the surface states discretize into a series of subbands inside of the bulk band gap. The charge and spin distribution show interesting characters which are different from an ideal topological surface state. The effect of merging of four different surface states into the new one as an entity are analyzed. Optical conductivity and dynamical spin susceptibility of the ribbon are studied. Different from a single ideal surface, the optical response and dynamical spin susceptibility of a ribbon do not have a clear correspondence. The dynamical spin susceptibility could be used to identify the more adequate model for Bi$_2$Se$_3$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, references updated
title: Bone micro-architectural parameters can detect oxytocin induced changes prior to bone density on mitigating bone deterioration in rabbit osteoporosis model using micro-CT
Creators: name: Qiu, Yuyou
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Animal (veterinary) studies
subject: Bones
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Experimental
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Prospective
subject: Experimental

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: This study is aimed to determine the efficacy of X-Ray Microtomography (micro-CT) in predicting oxytocin (OT) treatment response in rabbit osteoporosis(OP)...
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010 in the Rockies: breakout group discussion topics
title: Cyberinfrastructure 2010 in the Rockies: a human centered approach
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bullington, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2010
Subjects: discussion
Colorado State University
cyberinfrastructure
open access
OA
CI
event

description: Afternoon breakout group discussion topics of the conference CI days: cyberinfrastructure in the Rockies - a human centered approach held on August 13, 2010, at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. This conference brought together librarians, IT staff, and faculty members from institutions in Colorado to explore cyberinfrastructure needs in academic/research environments and the topic of "Open Access" to information as it contributes to the formation of effective cyberinfrastructure. Funded as part of the nation-wide Cyberinfrastructure days initiative, the event was Sponsored by the Colorado State University Libraries, Colorado State University Information Science and Technology Committee (ISTeC), and Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries.
title: Comparison of MRI prostate volume calculation methods and influence on PSA-Density accuracy
Creators: name: Cuocolo, Renato
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Anatomy
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Laboratory tests
subject: Segmentation
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Prostate specific antigen density (PSAd) is an essential making-decision parameter in diagnostic and therapeutic work-up in prostate cancer (PCa) patients so correct determination of prostate volume plays a key role. Currently the most used method...
Incremental decreases in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms for U.S. Adults aged 65 years and older
Creators: name: Jia, Haomiao
name: Lubetkin, Erica I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Older people--Mental health
Depression in old age
Quality of life

description: Background:
                Quality-adjusted life years (QALY) is a single value index that quantifies the overall burden of disease. It reflects all aspects of heath, including nonfatal illness and mortality outcomes by weighting life-years lived with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores. This study examine the burden of disease due to increasing levels of depressive symptoms by examining the association between the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores and QALY for U.S. adults aged 65 years and older.

                Methods:
                We ascertained respondents’ HRQOL scores and mortality status from the 2005–2006, 2007–2008, and 2009–2010 cohorts of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with mortality follow-up data through December 31, 2011. This analysis included respondents aged 65 years and older (n = 3,680). We estimated the mean QALY throughout the remaining lifetime according to participants’ depression severity categories: none or minimal (PHQ-9 score 0–4), mild (5–9), moderate (10–14), and moderately severs and severe (15 or higher). We estimated QALY loss due to major depressive disorder (PHQ-9 score 10 or higher) and to mild depression (5–9).

                Results:
                The QALY for persons with none/minimal, mild, moderate, and moderately severe/severe depression were 14.0, 7.8, 4.7, and 3.3 years, respectively. Compared to persons without major depressive disorder, persons with major depressive disorder had 8.3 fewer QALY (12.7 vs. 4.4), or a 65% loss. Compared to persons who reported “none” or minimal depressive symptoms, persons who reported mild depressive symptoms had 6.2 fewer QALY (14.0 vs. 7.8), or a 44% loss. The same patterns were noted in demographic and socioeconomic subgroups and according to number of comorbidities.

                Conclusions:
                This study not only confirmed the significant burden of disease for major depressive disorder among the U.S. elderly, but also showed an incremental decrease in QALY with an increasing severity of depressive symptoms as well as significant QALY loss due to mild depression. Specifically, individuals with higher (or more impaired) PHQ-9 scores had significantly fewer QALYs and our findings of fewer years of QALY for persons with major depressive disorder and mild depression were not only statistically significant but also clinically important.
Cross-sectional association between soda consumption and body mass index in a community-based sample of twins
Creators: name: Eney, Anna E.
name: Tsang, Siny
name: Delaney, Joseph A.
name: Turkheimer, Eric
name: Duncan, Glen E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Nutrition
Public health
Epidemiology
Soft drinks
Body mass index
Twins

description: Background:
                Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, such as soda, have been shown to play an important role in weight gain. Although soda consumption has been associated with body mass index (BMI) in many studies, it has been difficult to ascertain a true causal relationship between soda consumption and BMI for two reasons. First, findings have been based largely on observational and cross-sectional studies, with much less evidence from randomized controlled trials. Second, the reported relationships may be confounded by genetic and shared environmental factors that affect both soda consumption and BMI. In the present study, we used the twin design to better understand the relationship between soda consumption and BMI by accounting for measured and unmeasured confounds in non-experimental data. Associations from genetically informed tests in twins are considered “quasi-causal,” suggesting that our confidence in the causal underpinning of the association between soda consumption and BMI has been strengthened. We hypothesized that the association between soda consumption and BMI would be significant both between and within twins.

                Methods:
                This was a cross sectional study of 5787 same sex adult twin pairs (18–97 years, 66% female) from the community based Washington State Twin Registry. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to investigate associations between soda consumption and BMI in the population (the phenotypic association between exposure and outcome among all twins treated as individuals) and within pairs of identical and fraternal twins (the quasi-causal association controlling for between pair genetic and environmental confounds).

                Results:
                Among all twins, there was a significant phenotypic association between soda consumption and BMI that held when controlling for age, sex, race, annual household income, and education level (P
Towards Trusted Identities for Swiss Researchers  and their Data
Creators: name: Schneider, René
name: Raemy, Julien A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: persistant identifiers, hub,

description: In this talk we present the efforts done to enhance the Swiss persistent identifier (PID) ecosystem. We describe the current situation and the need for improvement in order to describe in full detail the steps undertaken to create a Swiss-wide model. A case study was undertaken by using several data sets from the domains of art and design in the context of the ICOPAD project. We provide a set of recommendations to enable a PID service that could mint Archival Resource Key (ARK) identifiers as complement to Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs). We conclude with some remarks concerning the transferability of this approach to other areas and the requirements for a national hub for PID management in Switzerland.
Understanding the menstrual hygiene management challenges facing displaced girls and women: findings from qualitative assessments in Myanmar and Lebanon
Creators: name: Schmitt, Margaret L.
name: Clatworthy, David
name: Ratnayake, Ruwan
name: Klaesener-Metzner, Nicole
name: Roesch, Elizabeth
name: Wheeler, Erin
name: Sommer, Marni
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Menstruation
Women--Health and hygiene
Women refugees--Health and hygiene
Humanitarian assistance

description: Background
                There is a significant gap in empirical evidence on the menstrual hygiene management (MHM) challenges faced by adolescent girls and women in emergency contexts, and on appropriate humanitarian response approaches to meet their needs in diverse emergency contexts. To begin filling the gap in the evidence, we conducted a study in two diverse contexts (Myanmar and Lebanon), exploring the MHM barriers facing girls and women, and the various relevant sectoral responses being conducted (e.g. water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), Protection, Health, Education and Camp Management).

                Methods
                Two qualitative assessments were conducted: one in camps for internally displaced populations in Myanmar, and one with refugees living in informal settlements and host communities in Lebanon. Key informant interviews were conducted with emergency response staff in both sites, and focus group discussion and participatory mapping activities conducted with adolescent girls and women.

                Results
                Key findings included that there was insufficient access to safe and private facilities for MHM coupled with displacement induced shifts in menstrual practices by girls and women. Among staff, there was a narrow interpretation of what an MHM response includes, with a focus on supplies; significant interest in understanding what an improved MHM response would include and acknowledgement of limited existing MHM guidance across various sectors; and insufficient consultation with beneficiaries, related to discomfort asking about menstruation, and limited coordination between sectors.

                Conclusions
                There is a significant need for improved guidance across all relevant sectors for improving MHM response in emergency context, along with increased evidence on effective approaches for integrating MHM into existing responses.