cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Keeping data at the edge of smart irrigation networks: A case study in strawberry greenhouses
Creators: name: Angelopoulos, Constantinos Marios
name: Filios, Gabriel
name: Nikoletseas, Sotiris
name: Raptis, Theofanis P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Strawberries are widely appreciated for their aroma, bright red color, juicy texture, and sweetness. They are, however, among the most sensitive fruits when it comes to the quality of the end product. The recent commercial trends show a rising number of farmers who directly sell their products and are interested in using smart solutions for a continuous quality control of the product. Cloud-based approaches for smart irrigation have been widely used in the recent years. However, the network traffic, security and regulatory challenges, which come hand in hand with sharing the crop data with third parties outside the edge of the network, lead strawberry farmers and data owners to rely on global clouds and potentially lose control over their data, which are usually transferred to third party data centers. In this paper, we follow a three-step methodological approach in order to design, implement and validate a solution for smart strawberry irrigation in greenhouses, while keeping the corresponding data at the edge of the network: (i) We develop a small-scale smart irrigation prototype solution with off-the-shelf hardware and software equipment, which we test and evaluate on different kinds of plants in order to gain useful insights for larger scale deployments, (ii) we introduce a reference network architecture, specifically targeting smart irrigation and edge data distribution for strawberry greenhouses, and (iii) adopting the proposed reference architecture, we implement a full-scale system in an actual strawberry greenhouse environment in Greece, and we compare its performance against that of conventional strawberries irrigation. We show that our design significantly outperforms the conventional approach, both in terms of soil moisture variation and in terms of water consumption, and conclude by critically appraising the costs and benefits of our approach in the agricultural industry.
UNCERTAINTY-AWARE MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR SUSTAINABLE MALWARE DETECTION
Creators: name: Vurukuti, Dheeraj
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: malware
detection
Gaussian processes
Cybersecurity

description: Malware remains a significant global cybersecurity threat, with millions of new variants appearing rapidly, highlighting the urgent need for effective automated detection methods. Traditional malware detection systems face challenges in adapting to the rapidly evolving landscape, particularly due to concept drift, where malware characteristics change over time, leading to performance degradation. This thesis introduces an innovative framework for uncertainty-aware malware detection using Gaussian processes (GPs) to quantify prediction uncertainty and enhance the reliability of malware detection.
description: Our approach integrates GPs into machine learning models to address the limitations of existing malware detection techniques. By providing a probabilistic measure of confidence in predictions, it enables selective abstention from highly uncertain classification decisions, reducing false positives and negatives. We applied this framework to two qualitatively different mobile malware datasets.
description: Through comprehensive evaluations, we demonstrate that our GP-based models significantly outperform traditional methods in accuracy and adaptability to evolving malware in
description: Android. Extensive ablation studies validated our hypothesis on the effectiveness of uncertainty quantification in improving the overall detection performance. Our results provide valuable insights into malware behavior dynamics and the importance of adaptive detection strategies.
description: Overall, this research contributes significantly to the development of robust and adaptable mobile malware detection solutions by integrating uncertainty quantification into machine learning-based detection systems. This study underscores the potential for GPs to enhance long-term performance in real-world applications, addressing the critical need for reliable detection mechanisms in an increasingly complex cyberthreat landscape.
Investigating the co-evolution of massive black holes in dual active galactic nuclei and their host galaxies via galaxy merger simulations
Creators: name: Yang, Chao
name: Ge, Junqiang
name: Lu, Youjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major galaxy mergers can trigger nuclear activities and are responsible for high-luminosity quasi-stellar objects /active galactic nuclei (QSOs/AGNs). In certain circumstances, such mergers may cause dual active galactic nuclei (dAGN) phenomenon. This study investigates dAGN triggering and evolution of massive black holes (MBHs) during the merging processes using hydrodynamic code GADGET-2 to simulate several gas-rich major mergers at redshift $z=2$ and $3$, respectively. Results reveal that gas-rich major mergers can trigger significant nuclear activities after the second and third pericentric passages and the formation of dAGN with significant time duration ($\sim 10 - 390$ Myr). During the merging processes, galactic bulge evolves with time because of the rapid star formation in each (or both) galactic centers and initial mixing of stars in galactic disks due to violent relaxation. MBHs grow substantially due to accretion and finally merge into a bigger black hole. The growth of galactic bulges and corresponding increases of its velocity dispersions predate the growth of MBHs in the dAGN stages. The MBHs in these stages deviate below the relation between MBH mass and bulge mass (or velocity dispersion), and they revert to the relation after the final mergers due to the significant accretion that occurs mostly at a separation less than a few kpc. Then, the two MBHs merge with each other.
description: SCPMA published, 14 pages, 8 figures
Clinical Judgment Item Development for Emergency Medical Service Clinicians
Creators: name: Rosenberger, Paul
name: Navarro, Kenneth W.
name: Gage, Christopher B.
name: Gugiu, Mihaiela R.
name: McBride, Nadine Lebarron
name: Powell, Jonathan R.
name: Panchal, Ashish R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: While clinical judgment is vital for all clinicians, it is not clearly assessed in initial or continuing emergency medical services (EMS) education due to unclear definitions. Recently, clarity of this concept has been provided through the development of a theoretical framework for clinical judgment in EMS that considers the broad and evolving nature of prehospital care delivery. To facilitate standardization of clinical judgment assessments, in this educational practice review we present a template for item development leveraging the new framework. We developed this template with input from EMS clinicians, educators, and subject matter experts from the nursing field with experience in clinical judgment item development. This template includes the basic cognitive steps of EMS clinical judgment, including recognizing cues, analyzing cues, defining a hypothesis, generating solutions, taking action, and evaluating the outcomes of those actions. We provide a transparent and reproducible template for item generation for clinical judgment assessments evaluating the six basic cognitive reasoning steps. Further, we provide a fully developed example of template application using a hypoglycemic patient case. This template can be used to support item generation for specific event phases (e.g., en route, scene, and post scene) in a clinical scenario. This template allows for generation of items for each EMS event phase that can be repeated serially for any combination of prehospital clinical situations.
Electrically driven single electron spin resonance in a slanting Zeeman field
Creators: name: Pioro-Ladriere, M.
name: Obata, T.
name: Tokura, Y.
name: Shin, Y. -S.
name: Kubo, T.
name: Yoshida, K.
name: Taniyama, T.
name: Tarucha, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapidly rising fields of spintronics and quantum information science have led to a strong interest in developing the ability to coherently manipulate electron spins. Electron spin resonance (ESR) is a powerful technique to manipulate spins that is commonly achieved by applying an oscillating magnetic field. However, the technique has proven very challenging when addressing individual spins. In contrast, by mixing the spin and charge degrees of freedom in a controlled way through engineered non-uniform magnetic fields, electron spin can be manipulated electrically without the need of high-frequency magnetic fields. Here we realize electrically-driven addressable spin rotations on two individual electrons by integrating a micron-size ferromagnet to a double quantum dot device. We find that the electrical control and spin selectivity is enabled by the micro-magnet's stray magnetic field which can be tailored to multi-dots architecture. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating electron spins electrically in a scalable way.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Fuzzy Generalised Quantifiers for Natural Language in Categorical Compositional Distributional Semantics
Creators: name: Dostal, Matej
name: Sadrzadeh, Mehrnoosh
name: Wijnholds, Gijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Recent work on compositional distributional models shows that bialgebras over finite dimensional vector spaces can be applied to treat generalised quantifiers for natural language. That technique requires one to construct the vector space over powersets, and therefore is computationally costly. In this paper, we overcome this problem by considering fuzzy versions of quantifiers along the lines of Zadeh, within the category of many valued relations. We show that this category is a concrete instantiation of the compositional distributional model. We show that the semantics obtained in this model is equivalent to the semantics of the fuzzy quantifiers of Zadeh. As a result, we are now able to treat fuzzy quantification without requiring a powerset construction.
description: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-53654-1_6
Safety and effectiveness of mepolizumab in adult patients with severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype from India: a Phase IV, open-label, single-arm, 24-week study (PRISM)
Creators: name: Meshram, Priti
name: Maturu, Venkata Nagarjuna
name: Swarnakar, Rajesh
name: Deb, Pooja
name: Gupta, Disha
name: Adsule, Samir
name: Hegde, Rashmi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Existing mepolizumab trials have excluded patients with severe asthma with an eosinophilic phenotype (SAEP) from India. This study (NCT04276233) investigated the safety and effectiveness of mepolizumab in Indian adults with SAEP. Multi-center, open-label, single-arm, interventional study; patients received 100 mg mepolizumab subcutaneously every four weeks for 24 weeks. Primary endpoint: incidence of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs). Secondary endpoints: clinically significant exacerbation (CSEs) frequency (including exacerbations requiring hospitalization); change from baseline to Week 24 in forced expiratory volume/second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-5) scores. Overall, 100 patients received ≥1 mepolizumab dose. Baseline characteristics: female, 51.0%; mean (standard deviation [SD]) age, 44.8 (12.0) years; mean (SD) body mass index, 24.4 (4.7) kg/m2. On-treatment AEs and SAEs were reported by 18.0% and 3.0% of patients, respectively; regarding AESIs, 5.0% reported infection and 2.0% reported systemic reaction. One fatal event occurred (unrelated to mepolizumab). CSEs were reported by 8.0% of patients; 2.0% had an exacerbation requiring hospitalization. Least squares (LS) mean change (95% confidence interval) in pre- and post-bronchodilator FEV1 and PEF by Week 24 was 0.081 L (–0.05, 0.21; p = 0.231), 0.055 L (–0.06, 0.17; p = 0.325), and 13.67 L/min (3.08, 24.25; p = 0.012), respectively. By Week 24, ACQ-5 scores had significantly improved (LS mean change [standard error]: −0.69 [0.121]; p < 0.001). Mepolizumab was well tolerated in Indian adults with SAEP and improved asthma control and health-related quality of life.
Evolution and nucleosynthesis in low mass Asymptotic Giant Branch stars
Creators: name: Cristallo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: People usually smile when astrophysicists assert that we are sons of the stars, but human life confirms this sentence: about 65% of the mass of our body is made up of oxygen, carbon occurs in all organic life and is the basis of organic chemistry, nitrogen is an essential part of amino acids and nucleic acids, calcium is a major component of our bones. Moreover, phosphorus plays a major role in biological molecules such as DNA and RNA (where the chemical codes of life is written) and our blood carries oxygen to tissues by means of the hemoglobin (an iron pigment of red blood cells). All these elements have been created in stars. I just list some examples related to human body, but also common element such as aluminum, nickel, gold, silver and lead come from a pristine generation of stars. The abundances in the Solar System are in fact due to the mixing of material ejected from stars that polluted the Universe in different epochs before the Sun formation, occurred about 5 billion years ago, after the gravitational contraction of the proto-solar cloud. Low mass AGB stars (1
Galactic clusters with associated Cepheid variables. VII. Berkeley 58 and CG Cassiopeiae
Creators: name: Turner, David G.
name: Forbes, D.
name: English, D.
name: Leonard, P. J. T.
name: Scrimger, J. N.
name: Wehlau, A. W.
name: Phelps, R. L.
name: Berdnikov, L. N.
name: Pastukhova, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoelectric, photographic, and CCD UBV photometry, spectroscopic observations, and star counts are presented for the open cluster Berkeley 58 to examine a possible association with the 4.37d Cepheid CG Cas. The cluster is difficult to separate from the early-type stars belonging to the Perseus spiral arm, in which it is located, but has reasonably well-defined parameters: an evolutionary age of ~10^8 years, a mean reddening of E(B-V)_(B0)=0.70+-0.03 s.e., and a distance of 3.03+-0.17 kpc (V_0-M_V=12.40+-0.12 s.d.). CG Cas is a likely cluster coronal member on the basis of radial velocity, and its period increase of +0.170+-0.014 s yr^(-1) and large light amplitude describe a Cepheid in the third crossing of the instability strip lying slightly blueward of strip centre. Its inferred reddening and luminosity are E(B-V)=0.64+-0.02 s.e. and =-3.06+-0.12. A possible K supergiant may also be a cluster member.
description: Accepted for Publication (MNRAS)
The Performance of ChatGPT-4 and Gemini Ultra 1.0 for Quality Assurance Review in Emergency Medical Services Chest Pain Calls
Creators: name: Brant-Zawadzki, Graham
name: Klapthor, Brent
name: Ryba, Chris
name: Youngquist, Drew C.
name: Burton, Brooke
name: Palatinus, Helen
name: Youngquist, Scott T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study assesses the feasibility, inter-rater reliability, and accuracy of using OpenAI's ChatGPT-4 and Google’s Gemini Ultra large language models (LLMs), for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) quality assurance. The implementation of these LLMs for EMS quality assurance has the potential to significantly reduce the workload on medical directors and quality assurance staff by automating aspects of the processing and review of patient care reports. This offers the potential for more efficient and accurate identification of areas requiring improvement, thereby potentially enhancing patient care outcomes. Two expert human reviewers, ChatGPT GPT-4, and Gemini Ultra assessed and rated 150 consecutively sampled and anonymized prehospital records from 2 large urban EMS agencies for adherence to 2020 National Association of State EMS metrics for cardiac care. We evaluated the accuracy of scoring, inter-rater reliability, and review efficiency. The inter-rater reliability for the dichotomous outcome of each EMS metric was measured using the kappa statistic. Human reviewers showed high interrater reliability, with 91.2% agreement and a kappa coefficient 0.782 (0.654-0.910). ChatGPT-4 achieved substantial agreement with human reviewers in EKG documentation and aspirin administration (76.2% agreement, kappa coefficient 0.401 (0.334-0.468), but performance varied across other metrics. Gemini Ultra’s evaluation was discontinued due to poor performance. No significant differences were observed in median review times: 01:28 min (IQR 1:12 − 1:51 min) per human chart review, 01:24 min (IQR 01:09 − 01:53 min) per ChatGPT-4 chart review (p = 0.46), and 01:50 min (IQR 01:10-03:34 min) per Gemini Ultra review (p = 0.06). Large language models demonstrate potential in supporting quality assurance by effectively and objectively extracting data elements. However, their accuracy in interpreting non-standardized and time-sensitive details remains inferior to human evaluators. Our findings suggest that current LLMs may best offer supplemental support to the human review processes, but their current value remains limited. Enhancements in LLM training and integration are recommended for improved and more reliable performance in the quality assurance processes.
Constraining Evolution of Magnetic Field Strength in Dissipation Region of Two BL Lac Objects
Creators: name: Fan, Xu-Liang
name: Yan, Da-Hai
name: Wu, Qing-Wen
name: Chen, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the assumption that the optical variability timescale is dominated by the cooling time of the synchrotron process for BL Lac objects, we estimate time dependent magnetic field strength of the emission region for two BL Lac objects. The average magnetic field strengths are consistent with those estimated from core shift measurement and spectral energy distribution modelling. Variation of magnetic field strength in dissipation region is discovered. Variability of flux and magnetic field strength show no clear correlation, which indicates the variation of magnetic field is not the dominant reason of variability origin. The evolution of magnetic field strength can provide another approach to constrain the energy dissipation mechanism in jet.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
URF - ODAT NOMLARI PARADIGMASI, OʻZBEK VA INGLIZ XALQLARI URF-ODATLARI XUSUSIYATLARI, OʻZIGA XOSLIGI
Creators: name: Moʻydinova, Maftunaxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur tezisda o‘zbek va ingliz xalqlari urf-odatlari paradigmasi lingvomadaniy nuqtayi nazardan tahlil qilinadi. Ushbu xalqlarning urf-odat nomlari, ularning kelib chiqishi, ijtimoiy-madaniy ahamiyati va tarixiy ildizlari o‘rganiladi. Tezisda o‘zbek va ingliz xalqlari urf-odatlarining o‘ziga xos jihatlari, ularning leksik-semantik tarkibi va madaniy konnotatsiyalari qiyosiy aspektda yoritiladi. Shuningdek, milliy an’ana va qadriyatlarning jamiyatdagi o‘rni va ularning lingvistik namoyon bo‘lishi haqida fikr yuritiladi.
Hyperboloidal evolution with the Einstein equations
Creators: name: Zenginoglu, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an approach to the hyperboloidal evolution problem based on the Einstein equations written for a rescaled metric. It is shown that a conformal scale factor can be freely prescribed a priori in terms of coordinates in a well-posed hyperboloidal initial value problem such that the location of null infinity is independent of the time coordinate. With an appropriate choice of a single gauge source function each of the formally singular conformal source terms in the equations attains a regular limit at null infinity. The suggested approach could be beneficial in numerical relativity for both wave extraction and outer boundary treatment.
description: 10 pages; uses iop style
Construction of topological defect networks with complex scalar fields
Creators: name: Afonso, V. I.
name: Bazeia, D.
name: Leon, M. A. Gonzalez
name: Losano, L.
name: Guilarte, J. Mateos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with the construction of networks of topological defects in models described by a single complex scalar field. We take advantage of the deformation procedure recently used to describe kinklike defects in order to build networks of topological defects, which appear from complex field models with potentials that engender a finite number of isolated minima, both in the case where the minima present discrete symmetry, and in the non symmetric case. We show that the presence of symmetry guide us to the construction of regular networks, while the non symmetric case gives rise to irregular networks which spread throughout the complex field space. We also discuss bifurcation, a phenomenon that appear in the non symmetric case, but is washed out by the deformation procedure used in the present work.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures; new version to appear in NPB
Time scaling and quantum speed limit in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Impens, F.
name: D'Angelis, F. M.
name: Pinheiro, F. A.
name: Guéry-Odelin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a time scaling technique to enhance the performances of quantum protocols in non-Hermitian systems. The considered time scaling involves no extra-couplings and yields a significant enhancement of the quantum fidelity for a comparable amount of resources. We discuss the application of this technique to quantum state transfers in 2 and 3-level open quantum systems. We derive the quantum speed limit in a system governed by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Interestingly, we show that, with an appropriate driving, the time-scaling technique preserves the optimality of the quantum speed with respect to the quantum speed limit while reducing significantly the damping of the quantum state norm.
Magnetic reconnection as a mechanism to produce multiple protonpopulations and beams locally in the solar wind
Creators: name: Lavraud, B.
name: Kieokaew, R.
name: Fargette, N.
name: Louarn, P.
name: Fedorov, A.
name: André, N.
name: Fruit, G.
name: Génot, V.
name: Réville, V.
name: Rouillard, A. P.
name: Plotnikov, I.
name: Penou, E.
name: Barthe, A.
name: Prech, L.
name: Owen, C. J.
name: Bruno, R.
name: Allegrini, F.
name: Berthomier, M.
name: Kataria, D.
name: Livi, S.
name: Raines, J. M.
name: D'Amicis, R.
name: Eastwood, J. P.
name: Froment, C.
name: Laker, R.
name: Maksimovic, M.
name: Marcucci, F.
name: Perri, S.
name: Perrone, D.
name: Phan, T. D.
name: Stansby, D.
name: Stawarz, J.
name: Redondo, S. Toledo
name: Vaivads, A.
name: Verscharen, D.
name: Zouganelis, I.
name: Angelini, V.
name: Evans, V.
name: Horbury, T. S.
name: O'brien, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Spacecraft observations early revealed frequent multiple proton populations in the solar wind. Decades of research on their origin have focused on processes such as magnetic reconnection in the low corona and wave-particle interactions in the corona and locally in the solar wind.Aims.This study aims to highlight that multiple proton populations and beams are also produced by magnetic reconnection occurring locally in the solar wind. Methods. We use high resolution Solar Orbiter proton velocity distribution function measurements, complemented by electron and magnetic field data, to analyze the association of multiple proton populations and beams with magnetic reconnection during a period of slow Alfvénic solar wind on 16 July 2020. Results. At least 6 reconnecting current sheets with associated multiple proton populations and beams, including a case of magnetic reconnection at a switchback boundary, are found during this day. This represents 2% of the measured distribution functions. We discuss how this proportion may be underestimated, and how it may depend on solar wind type and distance from the Sun. Conclusions. Although suggesting a likely small contribution, but which remains to be quantitatively assessed, Solar Orbiter observations show that magnetic reconnection must be considered as one of the mechanisms that produce multiple proton populations and beams locally in the solar wind.
N=8 superconformal gauge theories and M2 branes
Creators: name: Benvenuti, Sergio
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Diego
name: Tonni, Erik
name: Verlinde, Herman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on recent developments, in this letter we find 2+1 dimensional gauge theories with scale invariance and N=8 supersymmetry. The gauge theories are defined by a Lagrangian and are based on an infinite set of 3-algebras, constructed as an extension of ordinary Lie algebras. Recent no-go theorems on the existence of 3-algebras are circumvented by relaxing the assumption that the invariant metric is positive definite. The gauge group is non compact, and its maximally compact subgroup can be chosen to be any ordinary Lie group, under which the matter fields are adjoints or singlets. The theories are parity invariant and do not admit any tunable coupling constant. In the case of SU(N) the moduli space of vacua contains a branch of the form (R^8)^N/S_N. These properties are expected for the field theory living on a stack of M2 branes.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Spin dynamics slowdown near the antiferromagnetic critical point in atomically thin FePS3
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Xiao
name: Jiang, Shengwei
name: Lee, Jinhwan
name: Lee, Changgu
name: Mak, Kin Fai
name: Shan, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials have attracted much recent interest with unique properties emerging at the few-layer limit. Beyond the reported impacts on the static magnetic properties, the effects of reducing the dimensionality on the magnetization dynamics are also of fundamental interest and importance for 2D device development. In this report, we investigate the spin dynamics in atomically-thin antiferromagnetic FePS3 of varying layer numbers using ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy. Following the absorption of an optical pump pulse, the time evolution of the antiferromagnetic order parameter is probed by magnetic linear birefringence. We observe a strong divergence in the demagnetization time near the Néel temperature. The divergence can be characterized by a power-law dependence on the reduced temperature, with an exponent decreasing with sample thickness. We compare our results to expectations from critical slowing down and a two-temperature model involving spins and phonons, and discuss the possible relevance of spin-substrate phonon interactions.
RoboNet-II: Follow-up observations of microlensing events with a robotic network of telescopes
Creators: name: Tsapras, Y.
name: Street, R.
name: Horne, K.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Allan, A.
name: Steele, I.
name: Bramich, D. M.
name: Saunders, E. S.
name: Rattenbury, N.
name: Mottram, C.
name: Fraser, S.
name: Clay, N.
name: Burgdorf, M.
name: Bode, M.
name: Lister, T. A.
name: Hawkins, E.
name: Beaulieu, J. P.
name: Fouque, P.
name: Albrow, M.
name: Menzies, J.
name: Cassan, A.
name: Dominis-Prester, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RoboNet-II uses a global network of robotic telescopes to perform follow-up observations of microlensing events in the Galactic Bulge. The current network consists of three 2m telescopes located in Hawaii and Australia (owned by Las Cumbres Observatory) and the Canary Islands (owned by Liverpool John Moores University). In future years the network will be expanded by deploying clusters of 1m telescopes in other suitable locations. A principal scientific aim of the RoboNet-II project is the detection of cool extra-solar planets by the method of gravitational microlensing. These detections will provide crucial constraints to models of planetary formation and orbital migration. RoboNet-II acts in coordination with the PLANET microlensing follow-up network and uses an optimization algorithm ("web-PLOP") to select the targets and a distributed scheduling paradigm (eSTAR) to execute the observations. Continuous automated assessment of the observations and anomaly detection is provided by the ARTEMiS system.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Astronomical Notes - accepted. Changes:*spelling corrections and rewording. *Expanded sections on how the software interacts to further clarify the procedure. *Clarified further minor points as requested by the referee
Variations of Broad Emission Lines from periodicity QSOs under the interpretation of supermassive binary black holes with misaligned circumbinary broad line regions
Creators: name: Ji, Xiang
name: Ge, Junqiang
name: Lu, Youjun
name: Yan, Changshuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasars with periodic light curves are considered as candidates of supermassive binary black hole (BBH) systems. One way for further confirmations may be searching for other characteristic signatures, such as those in their broad emission lines (BELs), if any, which require a thorough understanding on the response of BELs to the BBH systems. In Ji et al. (2021), we have investigated the response of circumbinary broad line region (BLR) to the central active secondary black hole under the relativistic Doppler boosting (BBH-DB) and intrinsic variation (BBH-IntDB) dominant mechanisms for continuum variation by assuming the middle plane of the BLR aligned with the BBH orbital plane. In this paper, we explore how the BEL profiles vary when the BLR is misaligned from the BBH orbital plane with different offset angles under both the BBH-DB and BBH-IntDB scenarios. Given a fixed inclination angle of the BBH orbital plane viewed in edge-on and similar continuum light curves produced by the two scenarios, increasing offset angles make the initial opening angle of the circumbinary BLR enlarged due to orbital precession caused by the BBH system, especially for clouds in the inner region, which result in Lorentz-like BEL profiles for the BBH-DB model but still Gaussian-like profiles for the BBH-IntDB model at the vertical BLR case. The amplitude of profile variations decrease with increasing offset angles for the BBH-DB scenario, while keep nearly constant for the BBH-IntDB scenario, since the Doppler boosting effect is motion direction preferred but the intrinsic variation is radiated isotropically. If the circumbinary BLR is composed of a coplanar and a vertical components with their number of clouds following the mass ratio of the BBHs, then the bi-BLR features are more significant for the BBH-IntDB model that require larger mass ratio to generate similar continuum variation than the BBH-DB model.
description: Published in RAA, 13 pages, 10 figures
Case Studies on using Natural Language Processing Techniques in Customer Relationship Management Software
Creators: name: Ozan, Şükrü
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How can a text corpus stored in a customer relationship management (CRM) database be used for data mining and segmentation? In order to answer this question we inherited the state of the art methods commonly used in natural language processing (NLP) literature, such as word embeddings, and deep learning literature, such as recurrent neural networks (RNN). We used the text notes from a CRM system which are taken by customer representatives of an internet ads consultancy agency between years 2009 and 2020. We trained word embeddings by using the corresponding text corpus and showed that these word embeddings can not only be used directly for data mining but also be used in RNN architectures, which are deep learning frameworks built with long short term memory (LSTM) units, for more comprehensive segmentation objectives. The results prove that structured text data in a CRM can be used to mine out very valuable information and any CRM can be equipped with useful NLP features once the problem definitions are properly built and the solution methods are conveniently implemented.
description: Pre-print version of the article titled "Case Studies on using Natural Language Processing Techniques in Customer Relationship Management Software"
Examining the Reliability and Validity of the ALS Certification Examinations with the Inclusion of Clinical Judgment: An Update on the ALS Examination Redesign
Creators: name: Stevenor, Brent A.
name: Burgess, Yin
name: Sampson, Greg
name: McBride, Nadine LeBarron
name: Gugiu, Mihaiela R.
name: Copella, Jenna
name: Davis, James
name: Wu, Brad
name: Panchal, Ashish R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Clinical judgment describes the process an emergency medical service clinician uses to evaluate problems and make decisions in the out-of-hospital setting. As part of the redesign of the Advanced Life Support (ALS) certification examinations, the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians is developing and evaluating items that measure clinical judgment, with the intention of assessing these as a new domain in the ALS certification examinations. In this study, we provide evidence around the redesign by evaluating the reliability and validity of the advanced emergency medical technician (AEMT) and paramedic certification examinations when clinical judgment is included as a sixth domain along with the five current domains. Pretest (i.e., pilot, unscored) clinical judgment items were included as a new sixth clinical judgment domain. We then used the combination of operational (i.e., scored) and pretest items for all six domains and scored the redesigned AEMT and paramedic certification examinations. We evaluated the psychometric properties of these ALS examinations within the Rasch measurement framework with multiple assessments of reliability and validity including item-level statistics (e.g., mean-square infit and outfit, local dependence) and examination-level statistics (e.g., person reliability, item reliability, item separation, decision consistency, decision accuracy). Wright Maps were produced to evaluate whether the examination item difficulty statistics aligned with the candidate ability continuum. The total population of all examination forms included were 20,136 (AEMT 4,983; paramedic 15,153). The Rasch-based statistics for the redesigned AEMT and paramedic examinations, for both item and examination-level statistics, were well within the psychometric standard values. Wright maps demonstrated that the developed items fall along the candidate ability continuum for both examinations. Further, the distribution of clinical judgment item difficulties fell within the current item distribution, providing evidence that these new items are of similar difficulty to the items measuring the five current domains. We demonstrate strong reliability and validity evidence to support that the integrity of the examinations is upheld with the addition of clinical judgment items, while also providing a more robust candidate evaluation. Most importantly, the pass/fail decisions that candidates receive accurately reflect their level of ALS knowledge at the entry-level.
Network Coding for Speedup in Switches
Creators: name: Kim, MinJi
name: Sundararajan, Jay Kumar
name: Medard, Muriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a graph theoretic upper bound on speedup needed to achieve 100% throughput in a multicast switch using network coding. By bounding speedup, we show the equivalence between network coding and speedup in multicast switches - i.e. network coding, which is usually implemented using software, can in many cases substitute speedup, which is often achieved by adding extra switch fabrics. This bound is based on an approach to network coding problems called the "enhanced conflict graph". We show that the "imperfection ratio" of the enhanced conflict graph gives an upper bound on speedup. In particular, we apply this result to K-by-N switches with traffic patterns consisting of unicasts and broadcasts only to obtain an upper bound of min{(2K-1)/K, 2N/(N+1)}.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, IEEE ISIT 2007
Interactive Modelling of Volumetric Musculoskeletal Anatomy
Creators: name: Abdrashitov, Rinat
name: Bang, Seungbae
name: Levin, David I. W.
name: Singh, Karan
name: Jacobson, Alec
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new approach for modelling musculoskeletal anatomy. Unlike previous methods, we do not model individual muscle shapes as geometric primitives (polygonal meshes, NURBS etc.). Instead, we adopt a volumetric segmentation approach where every point in our volume is assigned to a muscle, fat, or bone tissue. We provide an interactive modelling tool where the user controls the segmentation via muscle curves and we visualize the muscle shapes using volumetric rendering. Muscle curves enable intuitive yet powerful control over the muscle shapes. This representation allows us to automatically handle intersections between different tissues (musclemuscle, muscle-bone, and muscle-skin) during the modelling and automates computation of muscle fiber fields. We further introduce a novel algorithm for converting the volumetric muscle representation into tetrahedral or surface geometry for use in downstream tasks. Additionally, we introduce an interactive skeleton authoring tool that allows the users to create skeletal anatomy starting from only a skin mesh using a library of bone parts.
description: 13 pages, 20 figures, SIGGRAPH 2021
FedEEG
Creators: name: Priyanshu, Aman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: EEG technology and analysis offers a great opportunity for developing Brain-Computer-Interface. Machine learning shows great potential in this subject of study, however, the subject of study is of great sensitivity. BCI or EEG analysis has been under heavy discussion and scrutiny with respect to privacy concerns and ethics. Leakage of data, which may include personal emotions and sentiments as well as ethical concerns with misrepresentation of learnt data by ML models. Previous studies on EEG analysis have focused on decoding emotions, hand-movements and thought representation. However, these studies do not focus on contributor privacy and therefore this work attempts to provide a proof-of-concept for employing Federated Learning for conserving the same. The analysis provided employs EEG data collected for Hand Movement Classification from 4 different clients. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of Federated Learning as an aggregating tool for EEG analysis. Achieving an accuracy of 57.67% which is comparable to 61.83% when utilizing the complete dataset. The study focuses on privacy and the employment of federated learning as a means of overcoming it.
Rooted in Knowledge; Navigating the Path of Land-Based Learning Through Literature
Creators: Alyson Hope Kroetch
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This capstone project embarks on a comprehensive and critical synthesis review of existing academic literature, centered on land-based learning. The focus is on its implications for schools, land, and students in T’Sou-ke territory. The goal is to develop a framework and a set of recommendations to seamlessly integrate land-based principles into the culture and pedagogy of Journey Middle School. Land-based learning is posited as a potent catalyst for decolonization, uplifting Indigenous culture, language, and identity while challenging Eurocentric, capitalist perspectives of the land. By reconnecting students with the land, language, knowledge, community, and story, this approach aims to enhance the holistic success of Indigenous students who have long endured the negative effects of settler colonialism, institutionalized racism, and a colonial education system.
Factors that influence teenage smoking habits
Creators: name: Mitchell, James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether any significant relationship existed between a teenager's smoking habits and certain selected factors. The factors studied were peer group pressures, the smoking habits of the parents, siblings who smoked and such social factors as the occupation and nationality of the parents. The hypotheses tested were: 1. Interpersonal factors have the most significant effect on the teenager and have an influence on whether he or she is a smoker or non-smoker; 2. Distinct differences exist between the reasons why males begin to smoke as opposed to why females begin. A female may be more influenced by the parents' smoking habits, especially the same-sex parent, while a male may be influenced by a combined effect of friends, parents, and siblings; 3. A teenager's smoking habit is more representative of their same-sex parent's smoking habits. The research instrument used in this study was a questionnaire which was specifically designed and constructed to meet the requirements of this study. The subjects used for this study were drawn from schools administrated by The Board of Education for the City of Hamilton in Hamilton, Ontario. The subjects, both males and females, ranged in age from 13 to 20 and were drawn from Grades 9 through 12 with 500 students being questioned. Cross tabulations, which allowed the drawing up of contingency tables for any discrete variables, either numeric or alphanumeric were utilized along with the chi square (X²) test to examine a number of paired relationships. This study concluded that a person's smoking habits, were not related to one factor alone but rather, a number of factors working together.
A Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase Confirmation of Prehospital Endotracheal Tube Placement at Emergency Department Transfer of Care
Creators: name: Kwong, Jonathan L.
name: Bourn, Scott
name: Hillier, Morgan
name: Merko, Mike
name: Grass, A. J.
name: Ednie, Tim
name: Verbeek, P. Richard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Rates of prehospital unplanned extubation (UE) range from 0 to 25% and are the result of many factors, including patient movement. Transfer of care of intubated patients to the emergency department (ED) involves significant patient movement and represents a high-risk event for UE. Frequent confirmation of endotracheal tube (ETT) placement is imperative for early recognition of UE and to minimize patient harm. Local Practice—Our baseline rate of verbal ETT position confirmation with a member of the ED team during ED transfer of care was 74%. Our goal was to increase this practice to >90% in six months. This project was completed in partnership with Toronto Paramedic Services. Prehospital electronic patient care records (ePCRs) were reviewed weekly to determine the proportion of intubated patients who had ETT placement confirmed in the ED at transfer of care. Interventions—Pre- and post-project paramedic focus groups were conducted to identify potential drivers, change ideas, and project feedback. Three staggered interventions were introduced over five months: (1) memorandums to paramedics, ED chiefs and respiratory therapy leads, (2) individualized paramedic feedback e-mails, and (3) ePCR changes and closing rules. The pre-project focus group identified several potential drivers, such as physical barriers, interprofessional relationships, and communication. ETT confirmation remained ≥90% for the last eight weeks and interventions resulted in special cause variation. Median cases without verbal confirmation between paramedics and ED staff reduced from 5/week (IQR 2.5, 6.5) to 1/week (IQR 0, 2). UE was identified in 0.6% (2/340) of patients with ETT confirmation. The post-project focus group noted improvements in perceived accountability, interprofessional relationships, and satisfaction with interventions. Through a series of interventions, we improved the rate of ETT confirmation during ED transfer of care. Although rates of UE were low, improvement in ETT confirmation may lead to faster recognition of UE when it does occur thereby mitigating complications. The observed improvement was sustained after interventions ended.