cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: An investigation of diet selection as a technique for determining the ideal protein for growing pigs
Creators: name: Fairley, Rachel Anne Charlotte
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: A series of dietary choice experiments was carried out to discover if growing pigs can discriminate between two feeds with differing amino acid concentrations and use this ability to select a mixture of the two feeds to meet their amino acid requirements. A protein dietary choice experiment was carried out to investigate the best experimental setup for future dietary choice experiments. Two similar dietary choice experiments were carried out with lysine and threonine, where pigs discriminated between two feeds with differing lysine or threonine concentrations. However, they did not select a mixture of two feeds, choosing to eat predominantly from one feed. Experiments with differing levels of lysine and threonine and protein and lysine showed similar results. Where some mixing did occur, the resulting protein concentrations selected were so diverse that they were unlikely to be a reflection of their protein requirements. Individual variation in the selections made may derive from a preference for a particular feeder. An experiment was carried out which determined feeder preference and discovered that this had no effect on selections made when a choice of feeds was offered. An experiment was carried out to dicover if the importance of tryptophan in die control of protein intake meant that its intake was more strictly regulated than that of lysine or threonine. Once again pigs discriminated between the feeds, but did not select a mixture of the two feeds. A final experiment discovered that pigs can supplement an amino acid deficient diet with a solution of that amino acid to allow them to grow as well as pigs on diets with excess amino acid. In conclusion, pigs can discriminate between two feeds with differing amino acid concentrations, but do not use this ability to select a mixture of two feeds to meet their requirements.
Digital Imaging and Analysis of Dusty Plasmas
Creators: name: Boesse, C. M.
name: Henry, M. K.
name: Hyde, T. W.
name: Matthews, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust particles immersed within a plasma environment, such as those found in planetary rings or cometary environments, will acquire an electric charge. If the ratio of interparticle potential energy to average kinetic energy is high enough the particles will form either a 'liquid' structure with short-range ordering or a crystalline structure with long-range ordering. Since their discovery in laboratory environments in 1994, such crystals have been the subject of a variety of experimental, theoretical, and numerical investigations. Laboratory experiments analyzing the behavior of dust grains in a plasma rely on optical diagnostics to provide data about the system in a non-perturbative manner. In the past, capturing, imaging, and analyzing crystalline structure in dusty plasmas has been a non-trivial problem. Utilizing digital imaging and analysis systems, data capture, image formatting, and analysis can be done quickly. Following data capture, image analysis is conducted using modified Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) algorithms. The data extracted is then used to construct Voronoi diagrams, calculate particle density, inter-particle spacing, pair correlation functions, and thermal energy. From this data other dust plasma parameters can be inferred such as inter-particle forces and grain charges.
description: 6 pages, Presented at COSPAR '03
Abfärbung und Prägung (§ 15 Abs. 3 EStG) – Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede
Creators: name: Gallé, Johanna
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2022

description: Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der einkommensteuerlichen Behandlung von Personengesellschaften und deren Gesellschaftern. Im Mittelpunkt sollen dabei die Abfärbe- und Prägeregelungen des § 15 Abs. 3 Nr. 1 und Nr. 2 EStG stehen. Die Regelungen sind insbesondere von Bedeutung, da nicht Personengesellschaften selbst, sondern deren Gesellschafter Besteuerungssubjekt der Einkommensteuer sind. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Auswirkungen des § 15 Abs. 3 EStG sowie die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen der Nr. 1 und 2 der Vorschrift.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2021): StudZR-WissOn
Effects of bonded and non-bonded B/N codoping of graphene on its stability,\break interaction energy, electronic structure, and power factor
Creators: name: Abdullah, Nzar Rauf
name: Rashid, Hunar Omar
name: Kareem, Mohammad T.
name: Tang, Chi-Shung
name: Manolescu, Andrei
name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model boron and nitrogen doped/codoped monolayer graphene to study its stability, interaction energy, electronic and thermal properties using density functional theory. It is found that a doped graphene sheet with non-bonded B or N atoms induces an attractive interaction and thus opens up the bandgap. Consequently, the power factor is enhanced. Additionally, bonded B or N atoms in doped graphene generate a repulsive interaction leading to a diminished bandgap, and thus a decreased power factor. We emphasis that enhancement of the power factor is not very sensitive to the concentration of the boron and nitrogen atoms, but it is more sensitive to the positions of the B or N atoms in ortho, meta, and para positions of the hexagonal structure of graphene. In the B and N codoped graphene, the non-bonded dopant atoms have a weak attractive interaction and interaction leading to a small bandgap, while bonded doping atoms cause a strong attractive interaction and a large bandgap. As a result, the power factor of the graphene with non-bonded doping atoms is reduced while it is enhanced for graphene with bonded doping atoms.
description: RevTeX, 10 pages with 9 included pdf figures
Billigkeit, Sittlichkeit, Menschlichkeit: Versuch einer Kritik der Generalklauseln im Völkerrecht
Creators: name: Stewens, Paul Philipp
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2022

description: Normen, die Bezug auf außerrechtliche Wertvorstellungen wie Treu und Glauben oder Sitte nehmen, sind als Generalklauseln vielfach als Einfallstore für Moral und Politik im Recht kritisiert worden. Meist orientieren sich diese Kritikstrategien an der Gewaltenteilung im Rechtsstaat. Generalklauseln sind auch in zahlreichen Gebieten des Völkerrechts verbreitet, etwa als Ausnahmetatbestände im WTO-Recht oder in Gestalt der bona fides. Der Aufsatz überträgt die Kritik Franz Neumanns aus dem nationalstaatlichen Kontext auf die horizontal strukturierte Völkerrechtsordnung. Während einige Kritikpunkte aufgrund der Unterschiede beider Rechtssysteme nicht übertragbar sind oder einer Modifikation bedürfen, muss auch im Völkerrecht die Politisierung des Rechts durch Generalklauseln kritisiert werden.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2021): StudZR-WissOn
On the Optimization of Multi-Cloud Virtualized Radio Access Networks
Creators: name: Murti, Fahri Wisnu
name: Garcia-Saavedra, Andres
name: Costa-Perez, Xavier
name: Iosifidis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the important and challenging problem of virtualized radio access network (vRAN) design in its most general form. We develop an optimization framework that decides the number and deployment locations of central/cloud units (CUs); which distributed units (DUs) each of them will serve; the functional split that each BS will implement; and the network paths for routing the traffic to CUs and the network core. Our design criterion is to minimize the operator's expenditures while serving the expected traffic. To this end, we combine a linearization technique with a cutting-planes method in order to expedite the exact solution of the formulated problem. We evaluate our framework using real operational networks and system measurements, and follow an exhaustive parameter-sensitivity analysis. We find that the benefits when departing from single-CU deployments can be as high as 30% for our networks, but these gains diminish with the further addition of CUs. Our work sheds light on the vRAN design from a new angle, highlights the importance of deploying multiple CUs, and offers a rigorous framework for optimizing the costs of Multi-CUs vRAN.
description: This preprint is to be published in Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2020
Atomwaffenverbotsvertrag – Bann der Atombombe oder reine Symbolpolitik?
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Ruben
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2022

description: Am 22.1.2021 trat der von mittlerweile 56 Staaten ratifizierte Atomwaffenverbotsvertrag in Kraft. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet zunächst dessen Entstehung und Verhandlung. Danach werden die sich aus dem Vertrag ergebenden Verpflichtungen der Vertragsstaaten untersucht und Bezüge zum Atomwaffensperrvertrag, zur NATO-Mitgliedschaft und zur weltweiten Nonproliferation hergestellt. Abschließend wird eine Bewertung vorgenommen.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2021): StudZR-WissOn
My neighborhood has a good reputation : Associations between spatial stigma and health
Creators: name: Tran, Emma
name: Blankenship, Kim
name: Whittaker, Shannon
name: Rosenberg, Alana P.
name: Schlesinger, Penelope
name: Kershaw, Trace S.
name: Keene, Danya E.
Publisher: name: Health and Place
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Health researchers increasingly recognize the influence of spatial stigma, or negative reputation of place, as a social determinant of health. Drawing from a New Haven-based cohort study (n = 251), we assessed the relationships between spatial stigma, self-rated health, and psychological distress using generalized estimating equation models. Adjusting for neighborhood-level poverty and racial composition, those who perceived living in spatially stigmatized neighborhoods were significantly more likely to report severe psychological distress compared to those that did not perceive their neighborhoods to be stigmatized (B = 1.09, CI: 0.31, 1.87). Our findings contribute to a growing body of literature that suggests that socially constructed meanings of place may influence health.
Aufklärungspflichten des Emittenten nach Art. 17 Market Abuse Regulation bei eigenen Gesetzesverletzungen
Creators: name: Niehaus, Greta Louisa
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2022

description: Gemäß Art. 17 Marktmissbrauchsverordnung sind an der Börse gelistete Unternehmen dazu verpflichtet, den Markt über Insiderinformation unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen zu informieren. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, ob diese Pflicht auch für das Unternehmen möglicherweise nachteilige Informationen, wie eigene Gesetzesverletzungen, gelten muss.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2021): StudZR-WissOn
The Multitude of Molecular Hydrogen Knots in the Helix Nebula
Creators: name: Meixner, Margaret
name: McCullough, Peter
name: Hartman, Joel
name: Son, Minho
name: Speck, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST/NICMOS imaging of the H_2 2.12 μm emission in 5 fields in the Helix Nebula ranging in radial distance from 250-450" from the central star. The images reveal arcuate structures with their apexes pointing towards the central star. Comparison of these images with comparable resolution ground based images reveals that the molecular gas is more highly clumped than the ionized gas line tracers. From our images, we determine an average number density of knots in the molecular gas ranging from 162 knots/arcmin^2 in the denser regions to 18 knots/arcmin^2 in the lower density outer regions. Using this new number density, we estimate that the total number of knots in the Helix to be ~23,000 which is a factor of 6.5 larger than previous estimates. The total neutral gas mass in the Helix is 0.35 M_\odot assuming a mass of \~1.5x10^{-5} M_\odot for the individual knots. The H_2 intensity, 5-9x10^{-5} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} sr^{-1}, remains relatively constant with projected distance from the central star suggesting a heating mechanism for the molecular gas that is distributed almost uniformly in the knots throughout the nebula. The temperature and H_2 2.12 μm intensity of the knots can be approximately explained by photodissociation regions (PDRs) in the individual knots; however, theoretical PDR models of PN under-predict the intensities of some knots by a factor of 10.
description: 26 pages, 3 tables, 10 figures; AJ accepted
Kann ein Werkvertrag ein Kaufvertrag sein? Besprechung von EuGH, Urt. v. 7.9.2017, Rs. C-247/16, Schottelius unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der verwendeten Auslegungsmethoden
Creators: name: Holzheu, Matthias
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2022

description: Der Beitrag thematisiert eine Entscheidung des EuGH zur Frage, ob die Verbrauchsgüterkaufrichtlinie auch auf einen deutschen Werkvertrag Anwendung finden kann. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, legte der EuGH die Verbrauchsgüterkaufrichtlinie aus. Die Auslegung nahm er zunächst anhand seines üblichen Auslegungsprogramms vor. Im weiteren Verlauf der Auslegung zog der EuGH aber auch das UN-Kaufrecht heran, an dem sich der Unionsgesetzgeber im konkreten Fall orientiert hatte. Diese „Auslegung nach Vorbildrecht“ stellt eine methodische Neuerung dar.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2021): StudZR-WissOn
Elastic taping has little effect on recovery of anaerobic powerafter intensive exercise in untrained females
Creators: name: Disaphon Boobpachat
name: Nuttaset Manimmanakorn
name: Apiwan Manimmanakorn
name: Worrawut Thuwakum
name: Hamli, Michael John
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2021
Subjects: eccentric exercise
Kinesio tape
muscle soreness
stretching
Wingate test

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology (SJST), 43, 1, 269-274
A Case Study of Federal Farm Commodity Programs and Sustainable Production Systems .
Creators: name: Musser, Wesley N.
name: Hanson, James C.
name: Hewitt, Tracy Irwin
name: Smith, Katherine Reichelderfer
name: Peters, Steven E.
name: Musser, Wesley N.
name: Hanson, James C.
name: Hewitt, Tracy Irwin
name: Smith, Katherine Reichelderfer
name: Peters, Steven E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management

description: Federal fann commodity programs have been considered to be less beneficial for sustainable than conventional production systems. This research analyzed the impacts of changes in the 1990 Fann Bill on this issue. These changes increase the benefits of farm commodity program participation for sustainable farmers.
Sensitivity of the DARWIN observatory to the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe
Creators: name: Agostini, F.
name: Maouloud, S. E. M. Ahmed
name: Althueser, L.
name: Amaro, F.
name: Antunovic, B.
name: Aprile, E.
name: Baudis, L.
name: Baur, D.
name: Biondi, Y.
name: Bismark, A.
name: Breur, P. A.
name: Brown, A.
name: Bruno, G.
name: Budnik, R.
name: Capelli, C.
name: Cardoso, J.
name: Cichon, D.
name: Clark, M.
name: Colijn, A. P.
name: Cuenca-García, J. J.
name: Cussonneau, J. P.
name: Decowski, M. P.
name: Depoian, A.
name: Dierle, J.
name: Di Gangi, P.
name: Di Giovanni, A.
name: Diglio, S.
name: Santos, J. M. F. dos
name: Drexlin, G.
name: Eitel, K.
name: Engel, R.
name: Ferella, A. D.
name: Fischer, H.
name: Galloway, M.
name: Gao, F.
name: Girard, F.
name: Glück, F.
name: Grandi, L.
name: Größle, R.
name: Gumbsheimer, R.
name: Hansmann-Menzemer, S.
name: Jörg, F.
name: Khundzakishvili, G.
name: Kopec, A.
name: Kuger, F.
name: Krauss, L. M.
name: Landsman, H.
name: Lang, R. F.
name: Lindemann, S.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Lopes, J. A. M.
name: Villalpando, A. Loya
name: Macolino, C.
name: Manfredini, A.
name: Undagoitia, T. Marrodán
name: Masbou, J.
name: Masson, E.
name: Meinhardt, P.
name: Milutinovic, S.
name: Molinario, A.
name: Monteiro, C. M. B.
name: Murra, M.
name: Oberlack, U. G.
name: Pandurovic, M.
name: Peres, R.
name: Pienaar, J.
name: Pierre, M.
name: Pizzella, V.
name: Qin, J.
name: García, D. Ramírez
name: Reichard, S.
name: Rupp, N.
name: Sanchez-Lucas, P.
name: Sartorelli, G.
name: Schulte, D.
name: Schumann, M.
name: Lavina, L. Scotto
name: Selvi, M.
name: Silva, M.
name: Simgen, H.
name: Steidl, M.
name: Terliuk, A.
name: Therreau, C.
name: Thers, D.
name: Thieme, K.
name: Trotta, R.
name: Tunnell, C. D.
name: Valerius, K.
name: Volta, G.
name: Vorkapic, D.
name: Weinheimer, C.
name: Wittweg, C.
name: Wolf, J.
name: Zopounidis, J. P.
name: Zuber, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DARWIN observatory is a proposed next-generation experiment to search for particle dark matter and for the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe. Out of its 50$\,$t total natural xenon inventory, 40$\,$t will be the active target of a time projection chamber which thus contains about 3.6 t of $^{136}$Xe. Here, we show that its projected half-life sensitivity is $2.4\times10^{27}\,$yr, using a fiducial volume of 5t of natural xenon and 10$\,$yr of operation with a background rate of less than 0.2$~$events/(t$\cdot$yr) in the energy region of interest. This sensitivity is based on a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study of the background and event topologies in the large, homogeneous target. DARWIN will be comparable in its science reach to dedicated double beta decay experiments using xenon enriched in $^{136}$Xe.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Report of the survey results
Creators: name: Deirdre, Lane
name: Leo, Donato Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: atrial fibrillation
healthcare professionals
Delphi process (

description: Work Package 4 of the AFFIRMO project conducts a mixed-methods study to understand the needs of patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in managing multimorbidity, including atrial fibrillation (AF). The goal is to develop a patient-centered approach for older multimorbid AF patients. This report focuses on the online survey results, which involved 1,305 participants and identified 53 items, including key needs, quality performance indicators, and outcomes. Sex differences impact patient engagement, with men generally more engaged and satisfied with care. Age, education, and the number of co-morbidities also influence engagement levels. Caregiver findings show age and education affecting quality of life, and country-specific differences. Engagement personas are defined based on characteristics and empowerment levels using different scales for patients and caregivers, highlighting varying aspects of the engagement process.
title: A Framework for Assessing Object-Oriented Analysis Methods
Creators: name: Liang, Ying
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: Research into the literature of object-oriented analysis methods finds no evidence of any framework available which might provide a basis for understanding individual object-oriented analysis methods. In order to overcome this deficiency, we establish a framework which focuses on the analysis features of object-oriented methods as well as the logical connections among these features and which enables people to understand object-oriented analysis methods individually by assessing these methods in an objective and systematic way. The definition of the framework is based upon the study of object-oriented analysis methods available in a wide range. Four representative object-oriented analysis methods are in particular used in a specific application in the study in order to identify the generic features of object-oriented analysis methods. Two aspects (i.e., 'what' and 'how' aspects) of analysis methods are found to be fundamental in the methods and they are emphasised by this framework. The essential features of the methods are therefore identified and assessed upon the two aspects, by means of the framework. Furthermore a process including the approach and criteria is provided for managing the assessment of the methods. Ten object-oriented analysis methods available have been assessed individually using this framework. The processes of assessing five of the methods are shown in the thesis in detail, as the examples of applying the framework. In addition, the assessment of the other five methods is also outlined and included as it may be useful for people to understand these methods from different perspectives.
The proletarianization of the professoriate and the threat to free expression, creativity, and economic dynamism
Creators: name: Wisman, Jon
name: Duroy, Quentin
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Over the past four decades, forces have been set in motion that are proletarianizing professors—reducing their control over their workplaces. This has been in part propelled by a resurgence of laissez-faire doctrine that has legitimated public policies which have fueled soaring inequality. This article addresses the threat to freedom and economic dynamism posed by the debasement of professors by examining six forces that are driving the proletarianization of the professoriate: the replacement of tenured with contingent faculty, an expansion of for-profit colleges and universities, the rise of online education, the introduction of annual evaluations and merit pay, the development of outcomes assessment, and the increased reliance on external research funding. The essay then surveys how laissez-faire doctrine and rising inequality have led to cuts in government funding for higher education, have placed an increased emphasis on providing student consumers with vocational training as opposed to a liberal education, and have reshaped higher education through the introduction of corporate values within universities’ systems of governance. The article concludes with reflections on the evolution of the status of professors in higher education as a symptom of the betrayed promises for personal and social life held forth by economic abundance following WWII.
wirtschaftliche Aufklärungspflicht nach § 630c Abs. 3 BGB - eine dogmatische und rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung
Creators: name: Beck, Jan-Luca
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2022

description: In seinem Urteil vom 28.1.2020 – VI ZR 92/19 befasste sich der BGH erstmalig näher mit der seit dem 26.2.2013 in § 630c Abs. 3 BGB verankerten wirtschaftlichen Aufklärungspflicht des Arztes. Die bereits zuvor von der Rechtsprechung entwickelte Pflicht wirft grundsätzliche rechtsdogmatische Fragen auf und ruft bei kritischen Stimmen den Einwand hervor, durch sie werde der Arzt in unzulässiger Weise zum Sachwalter fremder Vermögensinteressen gemacht. Der nachfolgende Beitrag widmet sich im ersten Teil der Untersuchung des Normzwecks und der Rechtsnatur der Aufklärungspflicht und zieht hierfür Vergleiche mit der fiduciary relationship des US-amerikanischen Rechts und den französischen obligations de s’informer pour informer. In einem zweiten Schritt werden diese Ergebnisse verwertet, um Lösungen für problematische Einzelfragen bei der wirtschaftlichen Aufklärungspflicht zu entwickeln.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 2 (2021): StudZR-WissOn
Features of Jatropha curcas seed oil in relationto different pollination methods
Creators: name: Nilubol Nuanjunkong
name: Chakrit Tongurai
name: Tzen, Jason T. C.
name: Pei-Luen Jiang
name: Upatham Meesawat
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2021
Subjects: pollination method
oil content
oleic acid
oil body
Jatropha seed

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology (SJST), 43, 1, 275-282
The proletarianization of the professoriate and the threat to free expression, creativity, and economic dynamism
Creators: name: Wisman, Jon
name: Duroy, Quentin
Publisher: name: Journal of Economic Issues
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Over the past four decades, forces have been set in motion that are proletarianizing professors—reducing their control over their workplaces. This has been in part propelled by a resurgence of laissez-faire doctrine that has legitimated public policies which have fueled soaring inequality. This article addresses the threat to freedom and economic dynamism posed by the debasement of professors by examining six forces that are driving the proletarianization of the professoriate: the replacement of tenured with contingent faculty, an expansion of for-profit colleges and universities, the rise of online education, the introduction of annual evaluations and merit pay, the development of outcomes assessment, and the increased reliance on external research funding. The essay then surveys how laissez-faire doctrine and rising inequality have led to cuts in government funding for higher education, have placed an increased emphasis on providing student consumers with vocational training as opposed to a liberal education, and have reshaped higher education through the introduction of corporate values within universities’ systems of governance. The article concludes with reflections on the evolution of the status of professors in higher education as a symptom of the betrayed promises for personal and social life held forth by economic abundance following WWII.
Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM): A Tool for Agricultural and Resource Economics
Creators: name: Dunn, Elizabeth G.
name: Keller, James M.
name: Marks, Leonie A.
name: Dunn, Elizabeth G.
name: Keller, James M.
name: Marks, Leonie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: Fuzzy· sets and fuzzy logic can be incorporated into multiple attribute decision making (MADM) methods as a means to integrate multidisciplinary research on complex issues and to improve the handling of mixed, noncommensurate, and ambiguous data. The fuzzy MADM approach is applied to the problem of selecting sustainable farm~ng systems.
This elusive objective existence
Creators: name: Mohrhoff, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zurek's existential interpretation of quantum mechanics suffers from three classical prejudices, including the belief that space and time are intrinsically and infinitely differentiated. They compel him to relativize the concept of objective existence in two ways. The elimination of these prejudices makes it possible to recognize the quantum formalism's ontological implications - the relative and contingent reality of spatiotemporal distinctions and the extrinsic and finite spatiotemporal differentiation of the physical world - which in turn makes it possible to arrive at an unqualified objective existence. Contrary to a widespread misconception, viewing the quantum formalism as being fundamentally a probability algorithm does not imply that quantum mechanics is concerned with states of knowledge rather than states of Nature. On the contrary, it makes possible a complete and strongly objective description of the physical world that requires no reference to observers. What objectively exists, in a sense that requires no qualification, is the trajectories of macroscopic objects, whose fuzziness is empirically irrelevant, the properties and values of whose possession these trajectories provide indelible records, and the fuzzy and temporally undifferentiated states of affairs that obtain between measurements and are described by counterfactual probability assignments.
description: To appear in IJQI; 21 pages, LaTeX
Integrating life cycle and impact assessments to map food's cumulative environmental footprint
Creators: name: Kuempel, Caitlin D.
name: Frazier, Melanie
name: Nash, Kirsty L.
name: Jacobsen, Nis Sand
name: Williams, David R.
name: Blanchard, Julia L.
name: Cottrell, Richard S.
name: McIntyre, Peter B.
name: Moran, Daniel
name: Bouwman, Lex
name: Froehlich, Halley E.
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Metian, Marc
name: Többen, Johannes R.
name: Halpern, Benjamin S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Feeding a growing, increasingly affluent population while limiting environmental pressures of food production is a central challenge for society. Understanding the location and magnitude of food production is key to addressing this challenge because pressures vary substantially across food production types. Applying data and models from life cycle assessment with the methodologies for mapping cumulative environmental impacts of human activities (hereafter cumulative impact mapping) provides a powerful approach to spatially map the cumulative environmental pressure of food production in a way that is consistent and comprehensive across food types. However, these methodologies have yet to be combined. By synthesizing life cycle assessment and cumulative impact mapping methodologies, we provide guidance for comprehensively and cumulatively mapping the environmental pressures (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, spatial occupancy, and freshwater use) associated with food production systems. This spatial approach enables quantification of current and potential future environmental pressures, which is needed for decision makers to create more sustainable food policies and practices.
Anisotropy and universality: the Oslo model, the rice pile experiment and the quenched Edwards-Wilkinson equation
Creators: name: Pruessner, Gunnar
name: Jensen, Henrik Jeldtoft
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that any amount of anisotropy moves the Oslo model to another known universality class, the exponents of which can be derived exactly. This amounts to an exact solution of the quenched Edwards-Wilkinson equation with a drift term. We argue that anisotropy is likely to be experimentally relevant and may explain why consistent exponents have not been extracted in the rice pile experiments.
Validation of Selection Function, Sample Contamination and Mass Calibration in Galaxy Cluster Samples
Creators: name: Grandis, S.
name: Klein, M.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Bocquet, S.
name: Paulus, M.
name: Abbott, T. M. C.
name: Aguena, M.
name: Allam, S.
name: Annis, J.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Bhargava, S.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Capasso, R.
name: Costanzi, M.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: De Vicente, J.
name: Desai, S.
name: Dietrich, J. P.
name: Doel, P.
name: Eifler, T. F.
name: Everett, S.
name: Evrard, A. E.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Frieman, J.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Gerdes, D. W.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Gschwend, J.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hartley, W. G.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D. J.
name: Jeltema, T.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Lima, M.
name: Maia, M. A. G.
name: Marshall, J. L.
name: Melchior, P.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Ogando, R. L. C.
name: Palmese, A.
name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Plazas, A. A.
name: Romer, A. K.
name: Roodman, A.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Saro, A.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Schubnell, M.
name: Serrano, S.
name: Sheldon, E.
name: Smith, M.
name: Stark, A.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Tucker, D. L.
name: Varga, T. N.
name: Weller, J.
name: Wilkinson, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct and validate the selection function of the MARD-Y3 sample. This sample was selected through optical follow-up of the 2nd ROSAT faint source catalog (2RXS) with Dark Energy Survey year 3 (DES-Y3) data. The selection function is modeled by combining an empirically constructed X-ray selection function with an incompleteness model for the optical follow-up. We validate the joint selection function by testing the consistency of the constraints on the X-ray flux--mass and richness--mass scaling relation parameters derived from different sources of mass information: (1) cross-calibration using SPT-SZ clusters, (2) calibration using number counts in X-ray, in optical and in both X-ray and optical while marginalizing over cosmological parameters, and (3) other published analyses. We find that the constraints on the scaling relation from the number counts and SPT-SZ cross-calibration agree, indicating that our modeling of the selection function is adequate. Furthermore, we apply a largely cosmology independent method to validate selection functions via the computation of the probability of finding each cluster in the SPT-SZ sample in the MARD-Y3 sample and vice-versa. This test reveals no clear evidence for MARD-Y3 contamination, SPT-SZ incompleteness or outlier fraction. Finally, we discuss the prospects of the techniques presented here to limit systematic selection effects in future cluster cosmological studies.
description: 28 pages, 23 figure
Additional file 9 of Overexpression of PpSnRK1α in tomato enhanced salt tolerance by regulating ABA signaling pathway and reactive oxygen metabolism
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-Ru
name: Liang, Jia-Hui
name: Wang, Gui-Fang
name: Sun, Mao-Xiang
name: Peng, Fu-Tian
name: Yuan-Song Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9 : Table S6. primers used in this study.
721in.A3 BIM Dictionary | Extended Descriptions Strategy
Creators: name: Tavares, Eduardo
name: Bolpagni, Marzia
name: Succar, Bilal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: BIM Dictionary, Extended Descriptions, Knowledgebase, BIMe Initiative

description: The BIM Dictionary platform includes hundreds of terms, each with a Summary Description (SD) and their translations. An Extended Description is the additional explanatory information - examples, applications, activity flows, and reference materials - to be displayed on a term’s unique page on the platform. This document is the strategy for developing more than 500 BIM Dictionary Extended Descriptions (XD)s.
Loop Corrections in Higher Dimensions via Deconstruction
Creators: name: Falkowski, A.
name: Grojean, C.
name: Pokorski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the one-loop corrections to the Kaluza-Klein gauge boson excitations in the deconstructed version of the 5D QED. Deconstruction provides a renormalizable UV completion of the 5D theory that enables to control the cut-off dependence of 5D theories and study a possible influence of UV physics on IR observables. In particular we calculate the cut-off-dependent non-leading corrections that may be phenomenologically relevant for collider physics. We also discuss the structure of the operators that are relevant for the quantum corrections to the gauge boson masses in 5D and in deconstruction.
description: LaTeX, 13 pages, 1 figure. v2: Refs added and typos corrected in Eqs. (26)-(27)
Iberobathynellini Camacho and Serban 1998
Creators: name: Camacho, A. I.
name: Serban, E.
name: Guil, N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Bathynellacea
Parabathynellidae

description: TribeIBEROBATHYNELLINI Camacho and Serban, 1998    Tribe diagnosis
 Thoracopod 8 male of `Iberobathynella ’ type; antenna small and three-segmented with four setae on the end segment; antennule with seven segments; labrum with eight main teeth; coxa of thoracopods 1±7 (6) with distinct conical projection at inner distal border; thoracopod 1 without epipodite; and the connecting plane between the mandibles and the cephalon very inclined.
description: Published as part of Camacho, A. I., Serban, E. & Guil, N., 2000, Phylogenetical review and biogeographic remarks on the interstitial and subterranean freshwater iberobathynells (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae), pp. 563-585 in Journal of Natural History 34 (4) on page 567, DOI: 10.1080/002229300299444, http://zenodo.org/record/4747497
Integrating life cycle and impact assessments to map food's cumulative environmental footprint
Creators: name: Kuempel, Caitlin D.
name: Frazier, Melanie
name: Nash, Kirsty L.
name: Jacobsen, Nis Sand
name: Williams, David R.
name: Blanchard, Julia L.
name: Cottrell, Richard S.
name: McIntyre, Peter B.
name: Moran, Daniel
name: Bouwman, Lex
name: Froehlich, Halley E.
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Metian, Marc
name: Többen, Johannes R.
name: Halpern, Benjamin S.
Publisher: name: One Earth
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Feeding a growing, increasingly affluent population while limiting environmental pressures of food production is a central challenge for society. Understanding the location and magnitude of food production is key to addressing this challenge because pressures vary substantially across food production types. Applying data and models from life cycle assessment with the methodologies for mapping cumulative environmental impacts of human activities (hereafter cumulative impact mapping) provides a powerful approach to spatially map the cumulative environmental pressure of food production in a way that is consistent and comprehensive across food types. However, these methodologies have yet to be combined. By synthesizing life cycle assessment and cumulative impact mapping methodologies, we provide guidance for comprehensively and cumulatively mapping the environmental pressures (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, spatial occupancy, and freshwater use) associated with food production systems. This spatial approach enables quantification of current and potential future environmental pressures, which is needed for decision makers to create more sustainable food policies and practices.
Additional file 3 of Prognosis of PD-L1 in human breast cancer: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Isnard Elman Litvin
name: Machline Paim Paganella
name: Wendland, Eliana Marcia
name: Roehe, Adriana Vial
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3:. PRISMA Flow Diagram.
351in Model Use Templates Guide
Creators: name: Succar, Bilal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Model Use
subject: Model Use Template
subject: LITE framework
subject: https://bimdictionary.com/en/information-management/1

description: A Model Use Template (MUT) extends the Model Use definition by explaining the activities and resources needed to deliver it. The aim of an MUT is to satisfy three complementary objectives: Educate individuals and organisations about the benefits, requirements, and functioning of each Model Use;  Assess individuals or organisations’ ability to deliver a Model Use; and Assist individuals/organisations to deliver a Model Use. Education is the primary objective of Model Use Templates. Both online and offline materials are optimised to satisfy this objective. Model Use Templates are developed under MicroProject F2 within Project F: Integrated Information (refer to the project’s webpage).
Cosmic Rays and the Monogem Supernova Remnant
Creators: name: Erlykin, A. D.
name: Wolfendale, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent findings indicate that the Monogem Ring supernova remnant (SNR) and the associated pulsar B0656+14 may be the 'Single Source' responsible for the knee in the cosmic ray (CR) energy spectrum at ~3 PeV. We estimate the contribution of this pulsar to CR in the PeV region. We conclude that although the pulsar can contribute to the formation of the knee, it cannot be the domimant source and a SNR is still needed. We also examine the possibility of the pulsar giving the peak of the extensive air shower (EAS) intensity observed from the region inside the Monogem Ring. If the experimental EAS results concerning a narrow source are confirmed, they can be important, since they give evidence: (i) for the acceleration of protons and heavier nuclei by the pulsar; (ii) for the existence of the confinement mechanism in SNR; (iii) that CR produced by the Monogem Ring SNR and associated pulsar B0656+14 were released recently giving rise to the formation of the knee and the observed narrow peak in the EAS intensity; (iv) for the Monogem Ring and the associated pulsar B0656+14 being identified as the Single Source proposed in our Single Source Model of the knee. A number of predictions of the examined scenario are made.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Astroparticle Physics
FT-CNN: Algorithm-Based Fault Tolerance for Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhao, Kai
name: Di, Sheng
name: Li, Sihuan
name: Liang, Xin
name: Zhai, Yujia
name: Chen, Jieyang
name: Ouyang, Kaiming
name: Cappello, Franck
name: Chen, Zizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are becoming more and more important for solving challenging and critical problems in many fields. CNN inference applications have been deployed in safety-critical systems, which may suffer from soft errors caused by high-energy particles, high temperature, or abnormal voltage. Of critical importance is ensuring the stability of the CNN inference process against soft errors. Traditional fault tolerance methods are not suitable for CNN inference because error-correcting code is unable to protect computational components, instruction duplication techniques incur high overhead, and existing algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT) techniques cannot protect all convolution implementations. In this paper, we focus on how to protect the CNN inference process against soft errors as efficiently as possible, with the following three contributions. (1) We propose several systematic ABFT schemes based on checksum techniques and analyze their fault protection ability and runtime thoroughly.Unlike traditional ABFT based on matrix-matrix multiplication, our schemes support any convolution implementations. (2) We design a novel workflow integrating all the proposed schemes to obtain a high detection/correction ability with limited total runtime overhead. (3) We perform our evaluation using ImageNet with well-known CNN models including AlexNet, VGG-19, ResNet-18, and YOLOv2. Experimental results demonstrate that our implementation can handle soft errors with very limited runtime overhead (4%~8% in both error-free and error-injected situations).
description: 13 pages
title: Bistatic sonar and a novel form of variable depth sonar
Creators: name: Grimley, W.K.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: This thesis relates to the sonar system research undertaken for a Naval Requirement for proposals to improve the cost effectiveness of the defence of shipping against submarine attacks. Defence systems evolved as a function of the developing technology of the opposition which in this instance is the ability of a submarine to remain undetected below the sea surface while searching for, tracking and attacking its targets. An inherent problem for underwater detection with Escort Ships hull type sonars is its location on the air-sea interface with the need of a two-way propagation path to access the depth-range volume available to a submarine. As the power of an Escort's sonar is increased so is the size of ship, 5000 tons and more, to accommodate the optimum size of transducers required.Sonar system research at all times is a multi-discipline task and in this particular case was further broadened with a requirement to review the possibilities for sources of energy other than underwater acoustics.

The research confirms the dominance of sonar for underwater detection and establishes the feasibility of a Bistatic Sonar concept which replaces the two-way propagation path of a hull type sonar with a one-way path, source-target-receiver with a variable depth directive towed line receiver on a small ship as a distant receiver. A second objective which became feasible with the development of an adequate towed source was a variable depth sonar which has now been produced by British Aerospace for a world market. A summary of the thesis is provided as an introduction to the subject matter of the different sections.
Clusters of HIV risk and protective sexual behaviors in Agincourt, rural South Africa : findings from the Ha Nakekela population-based study of ages 15 and older
Creators: name: Houle, Brian C.
name: Yu, Shao-Tzu
name: Angotti, Nicole
name: Schatz, Enid J.
name: Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson
name: Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier
name: Clark, Samuel J.
name: Menken, Jane A.
name: Mojola, Sanyu A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Understanding how sexual behaviors cluster in distinct population subgroups along the life course is critical for effective targeting and tailoring of HIV prevention messaging and intervention activities. We examined interrelatedness of sexual behaviors and variation between men and women across a wide age range in a rural South African setting with a high HIV burden. Data come from the Ha Nakekela population-based survey of people aged 15-85-plus drawn from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System. We used latent class analysis of six sexual behavior indicators to identify distinct subgroup sexual behavior clusters. We then examined associations between class membership and sociodemographic and other behavioral risk factors and assessed the accuracy of a reduced set of sexual behavior indicators to classify individuals into latent classes. We identified three sexual behavior classes: (1) single with consistent protective behaviors; (2) risky behaviors; and (3) in union with lack of protective behaviors. Patterns of sexual behaviors varied by gender. Class membership was also associated with age, HIV status, nationality, and alcohol use. With only two sexual behavior indicators (union status and multiple sexual partners), individuals were accurately assigned to their most likely predicted class. There were distinct multidimensional sexual behavior clusters in population subgroups that varied by sex, age, and HIV status. In this population, only two brief questions were needed to classify individuals into risk classes. Replication in other situations is needed to confirm these findings.