title: Ð¤ÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ Ð² ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Functionalism in the works of the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾Ð»ÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ°Ð»ÐµÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼
Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐ°
Ð´Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð½
ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾
Ð¤Ð¸Ð½Ð»ÑÐ½Ð´Ð¸Ñ
ÐÐµ ÐÐ¾ÑÐ±ÑÐ·ÑÐµ
functionalism
architecture
design
Alvar Aalto
Finland
Le Corbusier

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð° Ð² Ð¡Ð¨Ð, Ð¤ÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸, ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¤Ð¸Ð½Ð»ÑÐ½Ð´Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ñ ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾. Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð° ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð°ÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. Ð ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸: 1) Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð°, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ²ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ð² Ð¤Ð¸Ð½Ð»ÑÐ½Ð´Ð¸Ð¸; 2) ÐÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ Ð² Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐµ ÑÑÐ°Ð» Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð² ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ; 3) ÐÑÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð¸ Ð² ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð½Ð°Ð¹ÑÐ¸ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð² ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ñ, ÑÐ¾ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð² ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ñ; 4) Ð¡ÑÐ°Ð²Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾ ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾ Ð¸ ÐÐµ ÐÐ¾ÑÐ±ÑÐ·ÑÐµ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ½Ð° Ð¸ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð°. ÐÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐµÐ¼ÑÐµ Ð² ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ: Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð¸ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ Ð¸Ð· Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°. ÐÐ½ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ, ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÑÑÐ³Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ â ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ â Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ ÑÐ°ÑÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð° Ð¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð´Ð° Ð² Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐµ ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾: Ð±ÐµÐ»ÑÐ¹ Ð¸ ÐºÑÐ°ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐµ, ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ Ð² ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÐ¾ ÑÐ°Ð¼ÑÐ¼ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¼Ð° Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÑÐ°Ð» ÐÐ»Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ¾, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¹ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ð» ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð³ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¤Ð¸Ð½Ð»ÑÐ½Ð´Ð¸Ð¸.
description: This work is devoted to the study of the theory and history functionalism in the United States, France, Germany and Finland. The main part of the work is devoted to the work of Alvar Aalto. The purpose of the study is to analyze the work of Alvar Aalto and to reveal reasons of his relevance. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks have been set: 1) To view the theory and history of functionalism, analyze who influenced the history of creating the style in Finland; 2) To analyze the biography of Alvar Aalto and determine the reasons, why functionalism became the main one in his work; 3) To identify the main and the most famous examples of projects and works and as a conclusion to find the main feature in his work; 4) To compare the work of Alvar Aalto and Le Corbusier as the main representatives of modernism and functionalism. Research methods used in the work: method of analysis and classification. One of the research methods is the method of analysis. It is used to review the history of the style, each building, and describe the architectural features of buildings. Another method of research â classification-helped to reveal two periods in the architecture of Alvar Aalto: white and red. In conclusion, having analyzed the history of functionalism, it was revealed that functionalism as a direction in architecture developed in all countries along its own path. But the most important architect for functionalism was Alvar Aalto, who developed this style and was able to use it to open the world to the original culture of Finland.