cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Validation of Soft Classification Models using Partial Class Memberships: An Extended Concept of Sensitivity & Co. applied to the Grading of Astrocytoma Tissues
Creators: name: Beleites, Claudia
name: Salzer, Reiner
name: Sergo, Valter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We use partial class memberships in soft classification to model uncertain labelling and mixtures of classes. Partial class memberships are not restricted to predictions, but may also occur in reference labels (ground truth, gold standard diagnosis) for training and validation data. Classifier performance is usually expressed as fractions of the confusion matrix, such as sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values. We extend this concept to soft classification and discuss the bias and variance properties of the extended performance measures. Ambiguity in reference labels translates to differences between best-case, expected and worst-case performance. We show a second set of measures comparing expected and ideal performance which is closely related to regression performance, namely the root mean squared error RMSE and the mean absolute error MAE. All calculations apply to classical crisp classification as well as to soft classification (partial class memberships and/or one-class classifiers). The proposed performance measures allow to test classifiers with actual borderline cases. In addition, hardening of e.g. posterior probabilities into class labels is not necessary, avoiding the corresponding information loss and increase in variance. We implement the proposed performance measures in the R package "softclassval", which is available from CRAN and at http://softclassval.r-forge.r-project.org. Our reasoning as well as the importance of partial memberships for chemometric classification is illustrated by a real-word application: astrocytoma brain tumor tissue grading (80 patients, 37000 spectra) for finding surgical excision borders. As borderline cases are the actual target of the analytical technique, samples which are diagnosed to be borderline cases must be included in the validation.
description: The manuscript is accepted for publication in Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. Supplementary figures and tables are at the end of the pdf
title: К вопросу о модернизации учебного курса «Введение в методику обучения русскому языку»
Creators: name: Янченко, Владислав
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В условиях смены образовательной парадигмы и развития цифрового образования необходимо осуществить обновление вузовского курса «Введение в методику обучения русскому языку». В статье предлагается один из путей решения проблемы модернизации учебного курса. Необходимо сочетать традиционное глубокое содержание учебного курса «Введение в методику обучения русскому языку» с широкими возможностями современных средств обучения.
Superconductivity distorted by the coexisting pseudogap in the antinodal region of Bi$_{1.5}$Pb$_{0.55}$Sr$_{1.6}$La$_{0.4}$CuO$_{6+δ}$: A photon-energy-dependent angle-resolved photoemission study
Creators: name: Hashimoto, M.
name: He, R. -H.
name: Vishik, I. M.
name: Schmitt, F.
name: Moore, R. G.
name: Lu, D. H.
name: Yoshida, Y.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Hussain, Z.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Shen, Z. -X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between superconductivity and the pseudogap is an important aspect of cuprate physics. However, the nature of the pseudogap remains controversial, in part because different experiments have suggested different gap functions. Here we present a photon-energy-dependence angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) study on Bi$_{1.5}$Pb$_{0.55}$Sr$_{1.6}$La$_{0.4}$CuO$_{6+δ}$. We find that antinodal ARPES spectra at low photon energies are dominated by background signals which can lead to a misevaluation of the spectral gap size. Once background is properly accounted for, independent of photon energy, the antinodal spectra robustly show two coexisting features at different energies dominantly attributed to the pseudogap and superconductivity, as well as an overall spectral gap which deviates from a simple d-wave form. These results support the idea that the spectral gap is distorted due to the competition between the pseudogap and superconductivity.
Cosmological application of the Maxwell gravity
Creators: name: Kibaroğlu, Salih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we consider a cosmological model for the Maxwell gravity which is constructed by gauging the semi-simple extended Poincaré algebra. Inspired by the Einstein-Yang-Mills theory, we describe the Maxwell gauge field in terms of two additional time-dependent scalar fields. Within the context of a homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe, we derive the Friedmann equations together with new contributions. Additionally, we find the exact expressions for the additional scalar fields, considering the exponential evolution of the scale factor. Moreover, we investigate the gauge theory of gravity based on the Maxwell algebra and demonstrate that this model leads to the (anti) de Sitter universe as well as a non-accelerated universe model.
description: 10 pages
A journey in science: Cell-cycle control
Creators: name: Nurse, Paul
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Synthetic Biology
Genetics & Genomics
Cell Biology
Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Real innovations in medicine and science are historic and singular; the stories behind each occurrence are precious. At Molecular Medicine we have established the Anthony Cerami Award in Translational Medicine to document and preserve these histories. The monographs recount the seminal events as told in the voice of the original investigators who provided the crucial early insight. These essays capture the essence of discovery, chronicling the birth of ideas that created new fields of research; and launched trajectories that persisted and ultimately influenced how disease is prevented, diagnosed, and treated. In this volume, the Cerami Award Monograph is by Paul Nurse, Director, The Francis Crick Institute in London, UK. A visionary in the field of cell biology, this is the story of Dr. Nurse's scientific journey.
Group-Theoretical Derivation of Angular Momentum Eigenvalues in Spaces of Arbitrary Dimensions
Creators: name: Friedmann, Tamar
name: Hagen, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of the square of the angular momentum in arbitrary dimensions is derived using only group theoretical techniques. This is accomplished by application of the Lie algebra of the noncompact group O(2,1).
description: 4 pages; to appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Modeling the formation of the Last Interglacial tidal Notch in Orosei Sardinia, Italy
Creators: name: Georgiou, Nikos
name: Rovere, Alessio
name: Stocchi, Paolo
name: Casella, Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Paleo sea level
Last Interglacial
MIS 5e
Sea level changes
Tidal Notch

description: A tidal notch with a maximum height of 9.1 m and almost 70 km of lateral extent was carved during the Last Interglacial along the East-Sardinian coast, in the Orosei Gulf. We present the results of the detailed mapping of the Orosei tidal notch using the Structure from Motion Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) reconstruction method. Although its geometry is laterally constant, the notch depth differs due to local factors. Results of SfM-MVS reconstructions, together with local parameters, were used as input in a geometric model that simulates the notch shape based on randomly sampled relative sea-level curves. The modeled profiles best matching the real shape of the notch are those characterized by a bimodal geometry. Extracting information from this rocky imprint is considered crucial to better understand past changes in sea level, which are in turn significant to better gauge sea-level variations in warmer climate conditions.
description: https://app.dimensions.ai/details/grant/grant.7819993
ZAMONAVIY  TILSHUNOSLIK LINGVOMADANIYAT ASPEKTIDA
Creators: name: Yoqubova, Irodaxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ilmiy bilim turli sohalarining bir-biriga o‘tish tendentsiyasi XX asr fanining belgilovchi xususiyatlaridan biridir. Gumanitar fanlar sohasida madaniyatshunoslik bo‘yicha tadqiqotlaming, ya’ni inson faoliyatining barcha o‘ziga xos tomonlarini hamda uning oldindan belgilab qo‘yilgan natijalarini o ‘z ichiga oladigan madaniyat fenomenini sintez qilishga intilishning ifodasi bo‘ldi.
Additional file 1 of Quality of recovery after day care surgery with app-controlled remote monitoring: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Thiel, B.
name: Godfried, M. B.
name: van Emst, M. E.
name: Vernooij, L. M.
name: van Vliet, L. M.
name: Rumke, E.
name: van Dongen, R. T. M.
name: Gerrits, W.
name: Koopman, J. S. H. A.
name: Kalkman, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental material: PIF_IC_e1_e2_QuReMo_V4_22_6_2022.
Politik der Unbestimmtheit. Jaques Rancière und die Grenzen des ästhetischen Regimes
Creators: name: Meyer, Roland
Publisher: name: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften
Year: 2018

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 38, Nr. 1 (2010): kritische berichte
On Insecure Uses of BGN for Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation Protocols
Creators: name: Lee, Hyang-Sook
name: Lim, Seongan
name: Yie, Ikkwon
name: Yun, Aaram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The notion of aggregator oblivious (AO) security for privacy preserving data aggregation was formalized with a specific construction of AO-secure blinding technique over a cyclic group by Shi et al. Some of proposals of data aggregation protocols use the blinding technique of Shi et al. for BGN cryptosystem, an additive homomorphic encryption. Previously, there have been some security analysis on some of BGN based data aggregation protocols in the context of integrity or authenticity of data. Even with such security analysis, the BGN cryptosystem has been a popular building block of privacy preserving data aggregation protocol. In this paper, we study the privacy issues in the blinding technique of Shi et al. used for BGN cryptosystem. We show that the blinding techniques for the BGN cryptosystem used in several protocols are not privacy preserving against the recipient, the decryptor. Our analysis is based on the fact that the BGN cryptosystem uses a pairing e:GxG-->G_T and the existence of the pairing makes the DDH problem on G easy to solve. We also suggest how to prevent such privacy leakage in the blinding technique of Shi et al. used for BGN cryptosystem.
description: 11 pages
A Full-Band and Sub-Band Fusion Model for Real-Time Single-Channel Speech Enhancement.
Creators: name: Sir.Ai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: denoising
speech-separation
speech-enhancement
single-channel
pretrained-model

description: FullSubNet: A Full-Band and Sub-Band Fusion Model for Real-Time Single-Channel Speech Enhancement #pretrained-model
Edge Behavior of Higher Complex-Dimensional Determinantal Point Processes
Creators: name: Molag, L. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A60, 60B20, 30E15, 32U15

description: As recently proved in generality by Hedenmalm and Wennman, it is a universal behavior of complex random normal matrix models that one finds a complementary error function behavior at the boundary (also called edge) of the droplet as the matrix size increases. Such behavior is seen both in the density of the eigenvalues, and the correlation kernel, where the Faddeeva plasma kernel emerges. These results are neatly expressed with the help of the outward unit normal vector on the edge. We prove that such universal behaviors transcend this class of random normal matrices, being also valid in a specific ``elliptic'' class of determinantal point processes defined on $\mathbb C^d$, which are higher dimensional generalizations of the determinantal point processes describing the eigenvalues of the complex Ginibre ensemble and the complex elliptic Ginibre ensemble. These models describe a system of particles in $\mathbb C^d$ with mutual repulsion, that are confined to the origin by an external field $\mathscr V(z) = |z|^2 - τ\operatorname{Re}(z_1^2+\ldots+z_d^2)$, where $0\leq τ<1$. Their average density of particles converges to a uniform law on a $2d$-dimensional ellipsoidal region. It is on the hyperellipsoid bounding this region that we find a complementary error function behavior and the Faddeeva plasma kernel. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance of the Faddeeva plasma kernel emerging in a higher dimensional model. The results provide evidence for a possible edge universality theorem for determinantal point processes on $\mathbb C^d$.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure (revised version of the preprint originally titled "Edge universality of random normal matrices generalizing to higher dimensions")
Geodesic Growth of Numbered Graph Products
Creators: name: Marjanski, Lindsay
name: Solon, Vincent
name: Zheng, Frank
name: Zopff, Kathleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55, 05A15, 20F10

description: In this paper, we study geodesic growth of numbered graph products; these are a generalization of right-angled Coxeter groups, defined as graph products of finite cyclic groups. We first define a graph-theoretic condition called link-regularity, as well as a natural equivalence amongst link-regular numbered graphs, and show that numbered graph products associated to link-regular numbered graphs must have the same geodesic growth series. Next, we derive a formula for the geodesic growth of right-angled Coxeter groups associated to link-regular graphs. Finally, we find a system of equations that can be used to solve for the geodesic growth of numbered graph products corresponding to link-regular numbered graphs that contain no triangles and have constant vertex numbering.
description: 35 pages, published in journal of Groups, Complexity, Cryptology
New Physics Contribution to $B_s \to μ^+ μ^-$ within R-Parity Violating Supersymmetric Models
Creators: name: Yeghiyan, Gagik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-visit the problem of New Physics (NP) contribution to the branching ratio of the $B_s \to μ^+ μ^-$ decay in light of the recent observation of this decay by LHCb. We consider R-parity violating (RPV) supersymmetric models as a primary example - recently one has reported stringent constraints on the products of the RPV coupling constants that account for the $B_s \to μ^+ μ^-$ transition at the tree level. We argue that despite the LHCb measurement of the $B(B_s \to μ^+ μ^-)$ is in a remarkable agreement with the Standard Model (SM) prediction, there is still room for a significant New Physics contribution to the $B(B_s \to μ^+ μ^-)$, as the sign of the $B_s \to μ^+ μ^-$ transition amplitude may be opposite to that of the Standard Model; alternatively the amplitude may have a large phase. We conduct our analysis mainly for the case of real RPV couplings. We find that taking into account the scenario with the sign flip of the $B_s \to μ^+ μ^-$ amplitude (as compared to that of the SM) makes the bounds on the RPV coupling products significantly weaker. Also, we discuss briefly how our results are modified if the RPV couplings have large phases. In particular, we examine the dependence of the derived bounds on the phase of the NP amplitude.
description: 13 pages, including 2 figures, the final version
Additional file 2 of Quality of recovery after day care surgery with app-controlled remote monitoring: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Thiel, B.
name: Godfried, M. B.
name: van Emst, M. E.
name: Vernooij, L. M.
name: van Vliet, L. M.
name: Rumke, E.
name: van Dongen, R. T. M.
name: Gerrits, W.
name: Koopman, J. S. H. A.
name: Kalkman, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Supplemental material: k6_discharge information_Dutch.
The A4 project: physics data processing using the Google protocol buffer library
Creators: name: Ebke, Johannes
name: Waller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the High Energy Physics data format, processing toolset and analysis library a4, providing fast I/O of structured data using the Google protocol buffer library. The overall goal of a4 is to provide physicists with tools to work efficiently with billions of events, providing not only high speeds, but also automatic metadata handling, a set of UNIX-like tools to operate on a4 files, and powerful and fast histogramming capabilities. At present, a4 is an experimental project, but it has already been used by the authors in preparing physics publications. We give an overview of the individual modules of a4, provide examples of use, and supply a set of basic benchmarks. We compare a4 read performance with the common practice of storing unstructured data in ROOT trees. For the common case of storing a variable number of floating-point numbers per event, speedups in read speed of up to a factor of six are observed.
description: Proceedings of poster shown at the 2012 International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics (CHEP 2012). 19 pages, 17 figures
Alte Wandmalereien in der Kirche S. Maria-Lyskirchen in Köln
Creators: name: Aus'm Weerth, Ernst
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 69 (1880): Jahrbücher des Vereins von Alterthumsfreunden im Rheinlande
Electromagnetic momentum in a dielectric and the energy--momentum tensor
Creators: name: Crenshaw, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Abraham--Minkowski momentum controversy is the outwardly visible symptom of an inconsistency in the use of the energy-momentum tensor in the case of a plane quasimonochromatic field in a simple linear dielectric. We show that the Gordon form of the electromagnetic momentum is conserved in a thermodynamically closed system. We regard conservation of the components of the four-momentum in a thermodynamically closed system as a fundamental property of the energy--momentum tensor. Then the first row and column of the energy--momentum tensor is populated by the electromagnetic energy density and the Gordon momentum density. We derive new electromagnetic continuity equations for the electromagnetic energy and momentum that are based on the Gordon momentum density. These continuity equations can be represented in the energy-momentum tensor using a material four-divergence operator in which temporal differentiation is performed with respect to ct/n.
description: Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation IX,San Diego, California, USA, August 12,2012
Die Holzbaukunst. Vorträge in der Berliner Bauakademie, gehalten von Dr. Paul Lehfeldt
Creators: name: Otte, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Die Holzbaukunst. Vorträge in der Berliner Bauakademie, gehalten von Dr. Paul Lehfeldt. Mit 9 6 Abbild, in Holzschnitt. Berlin. Verlag von Julius Springer. 1880. VII. u. 2 74 S. 8.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 69 (1880): Jahrbücher des Vereins von Alterthumsfreunden im Rheinlande
Additional file 3 of Quality of recovery after day care surgery with app-controlled remote monitoring: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Thiel, B.
name: Godfried, M. B.
name: van Emst, M. E.
name: Vernooij, L. M.
name: van Vliet, L. M.
name: Rumke, E.
name: van Dongen, R. T. M.
name: Gerrits, W.
name: Koopman, J. S. H. A.
name: Kalkman, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Supplemental material: Decision tree remote monitoring.
Evangeliorum codex graecus purpureus Rossanensis (Σ) litteris argenteis sexto ut videtur saeculo scriptus picturisque ornatus; edd. O. v. Gebhardt und A. Harnack
Creators: name: Lamprecht, Karl
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Evangeliorum codex graecus purpureus Rossanensis (Σ) litteris argenteis sexto ut videtur saeculo scriptus picturisque ornatus; edd. O. v. Gebhardt und A. Harnack. Mit 2 facsimilierten Schrifttafeln und 17 Umrisszeichnungen. Leipzig, Giesecke und Devrient, 1880 ; 4°; XLIX S.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 69 (1880): Jahrbücher des Vereins von Alterthumsfreunden im Rheinlande
Distinct Angles and Angle Chains in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Ascoli, Ruben
name: Betti, Livia
name: Duke, Jacob Lehmann
name: Liu, Xuyan
name: Milgrim, Wyatt
name: Miller, Steven J.
name: Palsson, Eyvindur A.
name: Acosta, Francisco Romero
name: Iannuzzelli, Santiago Velazquez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1946, Erdős posed the distinct distance problem, which seeks to find the minimum number of distinct distances between pairs of points selected from any configuration of $n$ points in the plane. The problem has since been explored along with many variants, including ones that extend it into higher dimensions. Less studied but no less intriguing is Erdős' distinct angle problem, which seeks to find point configurations in the plane that minimize the number of distinct angles. In their recent paper "Distinct Angles in General Position," Fleischmann, Konyagin, Miller, Palsson, Pesikoff, and Wolf use a logarithmic spiral to establish an upper bound of $O(n^2)$ on the minimum number of distinct angles in the plane in general position, which prohibits three points on any line or four on any circle. We consider the question of distinct angles in three dimensions and provide bounds on the minimum number of distinct angles in general position in this setting. We focus on pinned variants of the question, and we examine explicit constructions of point configurations in $\mathbb{R}^3$ which use self-similarity to minimize the number of distinct angles. Furthermore, we study a variant of the distinct angles question regarding distinct angle chains and provide bounds on the minimum number of distinct chains in $\mathbb{R}^2$ and $\mathbb{R}^3$.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Modulated String Searching
Creators: name: Apostolico, Alberto
name: Erdős, Péter L.
name: Miklós, István
name: Siemons, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68W32

description: In his 1987 paper entitled "Generalized String Matching", Abrahamson introduced {\em pattern matching with character classes} and provided the first efficient algorithm to solve it. The best known solution to date is due to Linhart and Shamir (2009). Another broad yet comparatively less studied class of string matching problems is that of numerical string searching, such as, e.g., the `less-than' or $L_1$-norm string searching. The best known solutions for problems in this class are based on FFT convolution after some suitable re-encoding. The present paper introduces {\em modulated string searching} as a unified framework for string matching problems where the numerical conditions can be combined with some Boolean/numerical decision conditions on the character classes. One example problem in this class is the {\em locally bounded $L_1$-norm} matching problem on character classes: here the "match" between a character at some position in the text and a set of characters at some position in the pattern is assessed based on the smallest $L_1$ distance between the text character and one of those pattern characters. The two positions "match" if the (absolute value of the) difference between the two characters does not exceed a predefined constant. The pattern has an occurrence in an alignment with the text if the sum of all such differences does not exceed a second predefined constant value. This problem requires a pointwise evaluation of the quality of each match and has no known solution based on the previously mentioned algorithms.
description: 10 pages
Vertex models: from cell mechanics to tissue morphogenesis
Creators: name: Alt, Silvanus
name: Ganguly, Poulami
name: Salbreux, Guillaume
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Structural Biology & Biophysics
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Tissue morphogenesis requires the collective, coordinated motion and deformation of a large number of cells. Vertex model simulations for tissue mechanics have been developed to bridge the scales between force generation at the cellular level and tissue deformation and flows. We review here various formulations of vertex models that have been proposed for describing tissues in two and three dimensions. We discuss a generic formulation using a virtual work differential, and we review applications of vertex models to biological morphogenetic processes. We also highlight recent efforts to obtain continuum theories of tissue mechanics, which are effective, coarse-grained descriptions of vertex models.This article is part of the themed issue 'Systems morphodynamics: understanding the development of tissue hardware'.
Multiversality and Unnecessary Criticality in One Dimension
Creators: name: Prakash, Abhishodh
name: Fava, Michele
name: Parameswaran, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present microscopic models of spin ladders which exhibit continuous critical surfaces whose properties and existence, unusually, cannot be inferred from those of the flanking phases. These models exhibit either `multiversality' -- the presence of different universality classes over finite regions of a critical surface separating two distinct phases -- or its close cousin, `unnecessary criticality'-- the presence of a stable critical surface within a single, possibly trivial, phase. We elucidate these properties using Abelian bosonization and density-matrix renormalization-group simulations, and attempt to distill the key ingredients required to generalize these considerations.
description: 6+23 pages, 4+17 figures (main + supplementary material). v2: minor changes to main text, expanded supplementary materials, close to published version
Combining Machine Learning and Spectroscopy to Model Reactive Atom + Diatom Collisions
Creators: name: Veliz, Juan Carlos San Vicente
name: Arnold, Julian
name: Bemish, Raymond J.
name: Meuwly, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prediction of product translational, vibrational, and rotational energy distributions for arbitrary initial conditions for reactive atom+diatom collisions is of considerable practical interest in atmospheric re-entry. Due to the large number of accessible states, determination of the necessary information from explicit (quasi-classical or quantum) dynamics studies is impractical. Here, a machine-learned (ML) model based on translational energy and product vibrational states assigned from a spectroscopic, ro-vibrational coupled energy expression based on the Dunham expansion is developed and tested quantitatively. All models considered in this work reproduce final state distributions determined from quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) simulations with $R^2 \sim 0.98$. As a further validation, thermal rates determined from the machine-learned models agree with those from explicit QCT simulations and demonstrate that the atomistic details are retained by the machine learning which makes them suitable for applications in more coarse-grained simulations. More generally, it is found that ML is suitable for designing robust and accurate models from mixed computational/experimental data which may also be of interest in other areas of the physical sciences.
Statistics of Superior Records
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study statistics of records in a sequence of random variables. These identical and independently distributed variables are drawn from the parent distribution rho. The running record equals the maximum of all elements in the sequence up to a given point. We define a superior sequence as one where all running records are above the average record, expected for the parent distribution rho. We find that the fraction of superior sequences S_N decays algebraically with sequence length N, S_N ~ N^{-beta} in the limit N-->infty. Interestingly, the decay exponent beta is nontrivial, being the root of an integral equation. For example, when rho is a uniform distribution with compact support, we find beta=0.450265. In general, the tail of the parent distribution governs the exponent beta. We also consider the dual problem of inferior sequences, where all records are below average, and find that the fraction of inferior sequences I_N decays algebraically, albeit with a different decay exponent, I_N ~ N^{-alpha}. We use the above statistical measures to analyze earthquake data.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, expanded version
Above threshold ionization by few-cycle spatially inhomogeneous fields
Creators: name: Ciappina, M. F.
name: Pérez-Hernández, J. A.
name: Shaaran, T.
name: Biegert, J.
name: Quidant, R.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical studies of above threshold ionization (ATI) produced by spatially inhomogeneous fields. This kind of field appears as a result of the illumination of plasmonic nanostructures and metal nanoparticles with a short laser pulse. We use the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) in reduced dimensions to understand and characterize the ATI features in these fields. It is demonstrated that the inhomogeneity of the laser electric field plays an important role in the ATI process and it produces appreciable modifications to the energy-resolved photoelectron spectra. In fact, our numerical simulations reveal that high energy electrons can be generated. Specifically, using a linear approximation for the spatial dependence of the enhanced plasmonic field and with a near infrared laser with intensities in the mid- 10^{14} W/cm^{2} range, we show it is possible to drive electrons with energies in the near-keV regime. Furthermore, we study how the carrier envelope phase influences the emission of ATI photoelectrons for few-cycle pulses. Our quantum mechanical calculations are supported by their classical counterparts.
Probability Distribution of the Quality Factor of a Mode-Stirred Reverberation Chamber
Creators: name: Arnaut, L. R.
name: Gradoni, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We derive a probability distribution, confidence intervals and statistics of the quality (Q) factor of an arbitrarily shaped mode-stirred reverberation chamber, based on ensemble distributions of the idealized random cavity field with assumed perfect stir efficiency. It is shown that Q exhibits a Fisher-Snedecor F-distribution whose degrees of freedom are governed by the number of simultaneously excited cavity modes per stir state. The most probable value of Q is between a fraction 2/9 and 1 of its mean value, and between a fraction 4/9 and 1 of its asymptotic (composite Q) value. The arithmetic mean value is found to always exceed the values of all other theoretical metrics for centrality of Q. For a rectangular cavity, we retrieve the known asymptotic Q in the limit of highly overmoded regime.
description: accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., 2012
Discrete global symmetries and dynamics of emergent fermions
Creators: name: Yang, Fan
name: Zhou, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global symmetries that define the number of low energy degrees of freedom have profound consequences on universal properties near topological quantum critical points and in other gapless or nearly gapless states of emergent fermions. We take a $Z_2$ global symmetry (such as time-reversal) as an example to study its effect on thermodynamic and transport properties. Although the thermal entropy density of $Z_2$ symmetric systems is simply twice of their counterparts without any global symmetries or the $Z_1$ class, the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity $κ$ is distinctly and drastically different for different symmetries. For systems with dynamic exponent $z=1$, in the $Z_2$ symmetric class, we have $κ\propto T^{-(d-1)}$ in the quantum critical regime near weakly interacting fixed points, while for systems with no global symmetries (i.e., the $Z_1$ class), we have $κ\propto T^{-(d+3)}$, with $d$ being the spatial dimension. Only near strong coupling fixed points, both cases with or without $Z_2$ global symmetries follow the same scaling function, $κ\propto T^{d-1}$. These distinct scalings of thermal conductivity can also appear in gapless surface Majorana states.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
New Opportunities for Detecting Axion-Lepton Interactions
Creators: name: Altmannshofer, Wolfgang
name: Dror, Jeff A.
name: Gori, Stefania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the theory and constraints on axion-like particles (ALPs) interacting with leptons. We clarify some subtleties in the constraints on ALP parameter space and find several new opportunities for ALP detection. We identify a qualitative difference between weak-violating and weak-preserving ALPs, which dramatically change the current constraints due to possible "energy enhancements" in various processes. This new understanding leads to additional opportunities for ALP detection through charged meson decays (e.g., $π^+\to e^+ νa$, $K^+\to e^+ νa$) and $ W $ boson decays. The new bounds impact both weak-preserving and weak-violating ALPs and have implications for the QCD axion and addressing experimental anomalies using ALPs.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; updated to match published version
Additional file 4 of Quality of recovery after day care surgery with app-controlled remote monitoring: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Thiel, B.
name: Godfried, M. B.
name: van Emst, M. E.
name: Vernooij, L. M.
name: van Vliet, L. M.
name: Rumke, E.
name: van Dongen, R. T. M.
name: Gerrits, W.
name: Koopman, J. S. H. A.
name: Kalkman, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Supplemental material: f1_questionnaire_V1-16-7-2012.
Pontifical-Kelch aus dem Dome zu Osnabrück
Creators: name: Aus'm Weerth, Ernst
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 71 (1881): Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
Doping incorporation paths in catalyst-free Be-doped GaAs nanowires
Creators: name: Casadei, Alberto
name: Krogstrup, Peter
name: Heiss, Martin
name: Röhr, Jason A.
name: Colombo, Carlo
name: Ruelle, Thibaud
name: Upadhyay, Shivendra
name: Sørensen, Claus B.
name: Nygård, Jesper
name: Morral, Anna Fontcuberta i
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incorporation paths of Be in GaAs nanowires grown by the Ga-assisted method in molecular beam epitaxy has been investigated by electrical measurements of nanowires with different doping profiles. We find that Be atoms incorporate preferentially via the nanowire side facets, while the incorporation path through the Ga droplet is negligible. We also demonstrate that Be can diffuse into the volume of the nanowire giving an alternative incorporation path. This work is an important step towards controlled doping of nanowires and will serve as a help for designing future devices based on nanowires.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5 of Quality of recovery after day care surgery with app-controlled remote monitoring: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Thiel, B.
name: Godfried, M. B.
name: van Emst, M. E.
name: Vernooij, L. M.
name: van Vliet, L. M.
name: Rumke, E.
name: van Dongen, R. T. M.
name: Gerrits, W.
name: Koopman, J. S. H. A.
name: Kalkman, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Supplemental material: f1_Interview Topics_version_30_12_2021.
Die ältere S. Quirinus-Kirche in Neuss
Creators: name: Aldenkirchen, Heinrich Joseph
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 74 (1882): Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
Dark quantum droplets and solitary waves in beyond-mean-field Bose-Einstein condensate mixtures
Creators: name: Edmonds, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum liquid-like states of matter have been realized in an ongoing series of experiments with ultracold Bose gases. Using a combination of analytical and numerical methods we identify the specific criteria for the existence of dark solitons in beyond-mean-field binary condensates, revealing how these excitations exist for both repulsive and attractive interactions, the latter leading to dark quantum droplets with properties intermediate between a dark soliton and a quantum droplet. The phenomenology of the these excitations are explored within the full parameter space of the model, revealing the novel spatial profile of the excitation that differs significantly from the Zakharov-Shabat (ZS) soliton; leading to a negative effective mass that is enhanced in the presence of the quantum fluctuations. Finally the dynamics of pairs of the excitations are explored, showing non-integrable dynamics and dark soliton bound-states in the attractive regime.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. Research
title: Building Information Modelling in Ireland 2017
Creators: name:  McAuley, Barry
name: Hore, Alan
Publisher: name: Technological University Dublin
Year: 2017

description: BIM is perhaps the most topical issue in construction throughout the world at present, as it is associated with solving so many of the present concerns in our industry.

Our lack of housing, shortage of skilled workers, poor document management, overrunning project budgets and sustainability challenges are just a few of the challenges that BIM promises to assist in solving.

The increasing importance of “digitisation” to modern construction and engineering businesses is becoming more apparent as more and more clients are explicitly asking for BIM in the design and delivery of new facilities and infrastructure.

This report provides a snapshot of BIM in Ireland in 2017. The report demonstrates the interest that BIM has gained in Ireland in recent years and the remarkable progress that Ireland has made in building BIM capability in recent years.

The emergence of a BIM programme in the UK provided a focus for our industry in recent years. This report will demonstrate that Ireland’s BIM journey is well underway and in many respects we are as mature as any country in the developed world when it comes to BIM proficiency and diffusion.

Our industry, public sector contracting authorities, educators and in particular Enterprise Ireland have responded in a very positive way.

A multitude of initiatives are presented in this report, which include the important work of the CitA BIM Innovation Capability Programme (BICP) in Ireland, the National BIM Council and the recent publication of the Government’s position paper on a public sector BIM adoption strategy.

The particular responses by many of our tier 1 contractors, specialist M&E contractors, representative institutions and our higher education institutes has provided a solid platform of capability that will ensure that our industry and graduates of the future will be prepared for a more formal standardised requirement for BIM from both public and private clients both at home and overseas
New Solvable System OF 2 First-Order Nonlinearly-Coupled Ordinary Differential Equations
Creators: name: Calogero, Francesco
name: Payandeh, Farrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short communication we introduce a rather simple autonomous system of 2 nonlinearly-coupled first-order Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), whose initial-values problem is explicitly solvable by algebraic operations. Its ODEs feature 2 right-hand sides which are the ratios of 2 homogeneous polynomials of first degree divided by the same homogeneous polynomial of second degree. The model features only 4 arbitrary parameters. We also report its isochronous variant featuring 4 nonlinearly-coupled first-order ODEs in 4 dependent variables, featuring 9 arbitrary parameters.
description: 3 pages
title: Σχεδιασμός και κινηματική ανάλυση του συστήματος ανάρτησης διπλού ψαλιδιού
Creators: name: Βαρδης Αγγελος-Μιχαηλ
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Η διπλωματική εργασία αφορά τη μελέτη (σχεδιασμός και κινηματική ανάλυση) ενός τετράτροχου οχήματος το οποίο αποτελείται από το σασί, τα συστήματα ανάρτησης διπλού ψαλιδιού (πρόσω και πίσω) και τους τροχούς με χρήση του προγράμματος CAD (Computer Aided Design ) ΝΧ 12.0 της Siemens. Γίνεται ανάλυση  των πλεονεκτημάτων και μειονεκτημάτων όλων των συστημάτων ανάρτησης. Για το επιλεγέν σύστημα γίνεται αναλυτική παρουσίαση όλων των τμημάτων του και ανάλυση του ρόλου τους, και μοντελοποιείται για κινηματική ανάλυση η ανάρτηση διπλού ψαλιδιού. Παρουσιάζονται επίσης όλα τα μηχανολογικά σχέδια (Drawings) των επιμέρους τμημάτων.
Clearing Satellite Debris from Orbit
Creators: name: Lighthouse, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: cosmology
aerospace engineering
astronautics

description: Satellite debris in earth orbit is becoming a significant problem, that will only increase, unless we find methods to remove or otherwise dispose of dead satellites. There is a temporary graveyard for some satellites, that is located at geosyncronous orbit plus 300 km, and while this may acknowledge the problem, a longer-term solution is needed. To remove bulk material from orbit is not a simple problem, because the debris field can be quite large. Any type of netting or capture system will have a limited life, and consume too much fuel to accomplish multiple missions. The cost alone, makes this impractical.
This short ebook presents a low-cost method for sending dead satellites into a solar trajectory, for permanent disposal.
Proposed here is a simple system that can be used many times. It is based on a ground-controlled system that renders the satellite massless, and allows it to achieve escape velocity.  By timing the trajectory correctly – the satellite and debris field can be sent towards the sun, and will eventually burn up. This system can be used for polar orbits or earth-inclined orbits.  Readers are encouraged to watch the videos made by John Hutchison, as the ability to render a object massless, has already been proven. This is done by vibrating the object at the blinking frequency of our universe – the Lighthouse Frequency.
The death of massive stars - II. Observational constraints on the progenitors of type Ibc supernovae
Creators: name: Eldridge, John J.
name: Fraser, Morgan
name: Smartt, Stephen J.
name: Maund, Justyn R.
name: Crockett, R. Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The progenitors of many type II core-collapse supernovae have now been identified directly on pre-discovery imaging. Here we present an extensive search for the progenitors of type Ibc supernovae in all available pre-discovery imaging since 1998. There are 12 type Ibc supernovae with no detections of progenitors in either deep ground-based or Hubble Space Telescope archival imaging. The deepest absolute BVR magnitude limits are between -4 and -5. We compare these limits with the observed Wolf-Rayet population in the Large Magellanic Cloud and estimate a 16 per cent probability we have failed to detect such a progenitor by chance. Alternatively the progenitors evolve significantly before core-collapse or we have underestimated the extinction towards the progenitors. Reviewing the relative rates and ejecta mass estimates from lightcurve modelling of Ibc SNe, we find both incompatible with Wolf-Rayet stars with initial masses >25Msun being the only progenitors. We present binary evolution models that fit these observational constraints. Stars in binaries with initial masses <20Msun lose their hydrogen envelopes in binary interactions to become low mass helium stars. They retain a low mass hydrogen envelope until approximately 10,000 years before core-collapse; hence it is not surprising that galactic analogues have been difficult to identify.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 31 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables