cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Pancreatic solid neoplasms. A tomographic-pathological correlation
Creators: name: Prieto Falcón, Maria Carmen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Explain in a didactic way the general and specific characteristics of solid pancreatic neoplasms in multiple detection computed tomography (MDCT). Illustrate the tomographic appearance of the various pancreatic solid neoplasms and show their...
Longitudinal momentum densities in transverse plane for nucleons
Creators: name: Mondal, Chandan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of longitudinal momentum densities ($p^+ \rm densities$) in the transverse impact parameter space for $u$ and $d$ quarks in both unpolarized and transversely polarized nucleons by taking a two dimensional Fourier transform of the gravitational form factors with respect to the momentum transfer in the transverse direction. The gravitational form factors are obtained by the second moments of GPDs. Here we consider the GPDs of two different soft-wall models in AdS/QCD correspondence.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures; text modified
Contributions to the accreted stellar halo: an atlas of stellar deposition
Creators: name: Amorisco, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accreted component of stellar halos is composed of the contributions of several satellites, falling onto their host with their different masses, at different times, on different orbits. This work uses a suite of idealised, collisionless N-body simulations of minor mergers and a particle tagging technique to understand how these different ingredients shape each contribution to the accreted halo, in both density and kinematics. I find that more massive satellites deposit their stars deeper into the gravitational potential of the host, with a clear segregation enforced by dynamical friction. Earlier accretion events contribute more to the inner regions of the halo; more concentrated subhaloes sink deeper through increased dynamical friction. The orbital circularity of the progenitor at infall is only important for low-mass satellites: dynamical friction efficiently radialises the most massive minor mergers erasing the imprint of the infall orbit for satellite-to-host virial mass ratios $\gtrsim1/20$. The kinematics of the stars contributed by each satellite is also ordered with satellite mass: low-mass satellites contribute fast-moving populations, in both ordered rotation and radial velocity dispersion. In turn, contributions by massive satellites have lower velocity dispersion and lose their angular momentum to dynamical friction, resulting in a strong radial anisotropy.
description: 15 pages, accepted version, discussion extended
Additional file 1 of Causal associations between insulin and Lp(a) levels in Caucasian population: a Mendelian randomization study
Creators: name: Lejawa, Mateusz
name: Goławski, Marcin
name: Fronczek, Martyna
name: Osadnik, Tadeusz
name: Paneni, Francesco
name: Ruscica, Massimiliano
name: Pawlas, Natalia
name: Lisik, Małgorzata
name: Banach, Maciej
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1.
Lymphocyte Proliferation In Vitro Alteration by Benzo[a]pyrene, Diesel Exhaust Extract and Sodium Arsenite
Creators: name: Rhoney, Scott W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Biological actions in humans typically result in a range of measurable responses. Some of the difference or variation in biological responses (inter-individual variation) is due to factors such as diet, age, genetics, smoking, exercise, lifestyle and health status. Previous or ongoing chemical exposures can also contribute to variation. The current study focuses on evaluating inter-individual differences in the background proliferative capacity of human T-lymphocytes and in the ability of T-lymphocytes to respond to three environmentally relevant toxicants; benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P), diesel exhaust extract (DEE) and sodium arsenite (SA). Any alteration in an individual's lymphocyte proliferative response resulting from xenobiotic exposure could change immunocompetance. The goals of this study were 1) to evaluate in vitro proliferation of T-lymphocytes in response to three toxicants. We observed a greater inhibition of cellular proliferation in T-lymphocytes treated with As than with B(a)P or DEE. For all three toxicants statistically significant differences from untreated controls were seen at the highest dose only. 2) To characterize inter-individual differences of baseline proliferative capacity based on age or gender. Pediatric subjects were not statistically different from adults. Men had a higher proliferative response than women. 3) To determine if baseline proliferative capacity was predictive of individual responses. Differences in baseline levels of proliferative capacity were predictive of the extent to which the individual responded to the toxicants. 4) To determine the utility of this experimental design for use in field epidemiological studies. This study design and the lymphocyte proliferation assay can provide useful biomarker data; baseline data need to be established for the study subjects, and several repeat samples should be analyzed.
title: Pre-operative staging of thymomas: merits and defects of diagnostic imaging in comparison with pathology
Creators: name: Mashadi Mirza, Riccardo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1) To understand the difficulties of staging thymic neoplasms 2) To learn that there is a correlation between surgical/histological stadiation and radiological stadiation of thymic neoplasms 3) To understand that the correlation between...
Characterizing Particles Deposited onto a Surface Using the Atomic Force Microscope
Creators: name: Davis, Jefferson C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Sub-micron sized particles by count make up a significant portion of the air-borne particles we are exposed to. Detection and characterization of these particles, particularly after they have deposited onto a surface, can be difficult. The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) produces a high resolution topographic image of a sample surface that can resolve differences in surface features less than 5 nanometers(nm). Selection of a suitable substrate material is critical as the scale of interest decreases. Variation in the substrates surface structure adversely impacts the ability of the AFM to identify and measure particles. Analysis of deposited sub-micron particles of known size on various materials allows selection of suitable substrate.
title: Radiological Investigation of Renal Colic in an Emergency Department of a Teaching Hospital
Creators: name: Koo, Andrew
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Acute
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction Suspected renal colic is a common presentation to an Emergency Department (ED), which affects 2-3% of the world’s population. Computer Tomography Kidney Ureter Bladder scan (CT-KUB) is the investigation of choice when investigating...
Preparing medical first responders for crises: a systematic literature review of disaster training programs and their effectiveness
Creators: name: Baetzner, Anke
name: Wespi, Rafael
name: Hill, Yannick
name: Wrzus, Cornelia
name: Gyllencreutz, Lina
name: Sauter, Thomas
name: Saveman, Britt-Inger
name: Mohr, Stefan
name: Regal, Georg
name: Frenkel, Marie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Natural and man-made disasters, such as floods, mass-accidents, and terrorist attacks, are ubiquitous and cause great damage, loss of life, and human suffering. In those situations, medical first responders (MFRs) are responsible for the initial, pre-hospital care. As their performance is crucial for the patients’ survival and recovery, they need to be adequately prepared. This review will provide an overview of scientifically evaluated training methods used to prepare MFRs for disasters. Furthermore, it aims to identify what indicators are used to evaluate the training effectiveness and what training methods seem to be effective. Finally, with the emergence of new technology that can be used for developing new training programs, we will provide an additional analysis of how and to what extent virtual and mixed reality specifically are included in current disaster training research.
Two-Dimensional Phononic Crystals: Disorder Matters
Creators: name: Wagner, Markus R.
name: Graczykowski, Bartlomiej
name: Reparaz, Juan Sebastian
name: Sachat, Alexandros El
name: Sledzinska, Marianna
name: Alzina, Francesc
name: Torres, Clivia M. Sotomayor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design and fabrication of phononic crystals (PnCs) hold the key to control the propagation of heat and sound at the nanoscale. However, there is a lack of experimental studies addressing the impact of order/disorder on the phononic properties of PnCs. Here, we present a comparative investigation of the influence of disorder on the hypersonic and thermal properties of two-dimensional PnCs. PnCs of ordered and disordered lattices are fabricated of circular holes with equal filling fractions in free-standing Si membranes. Ultrafast pump and probe spectroscopy (asynchronous optical sampling) and Raman thermometry based on a novel two-laser approach are used to study the phononic properties in the gigahertz (GHz) and terahertz (THz) regime, respectively. Finite element method simulations of the phonon dispersion relation and three-dimensional displacement fields furthermore enable the unique identification of the different hypersonic vibrations. The increase of surface roughness and the introduction of short-range disorder are shown to modify the phonon dispersion and phonon coherence in the hypersonic (GHz) range without affecting the room-temperature thermal conductivity. On the basis of these findings, we suggest a criteria for predicting phonon coherence as a function of roughness and disorder.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, final published version, Nano Letters, 2016
Data from: A brief history and popularity of methods and tools used to estimate micro-evolutionary forces
Creators: name: Kidner, Jonathan
name: Theodorou, Panagiotis
name: Husemann, Martin
name: Engler, Jan
name: Taubert, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Population genetics is a field of research that predates the current generations of sequencing technology. Those approaches, that were established before massively parallel sequencing methods, have been adapted to these new marker systems (in some cases involving the development of new methods) that allow genome-wide estimates of the four major micro-evolutionary forces – mutation, gene flow, genetic drift and selection. Nevertheless, classic population genetic markers are still commonly used and a plethora of analysis methods and programs is available for these and High Throughput Sequencing (HTS) data. These methods employ various and diverse theoretical and statistical frameworks, to varying degrees of success, to estimate similar evolutionary parameters making it difficult to get a concise overview across the available approaches. Presently, reviews on this topic generally focus on a particular class of methods to estimate one or two evolutionary parameters. Here, we provide a brief history of methods and a comprehensive list of available programs for estimating micro-evolutionary forces. We furthermore analyzed their usage within the research community based on popularity (citation bias) and discuss the implications of this bias for the software community. We found that a few programs received the majority of citations, with program success being independent of both the parameters estimated and the computing platform. The only deviation from a model of exponential growth in the number of citations was found for the presence of a graphical user interface (GUI). Interestingly, no relationship was found for the impact factor of the journals, when the tools were published, suggesting accessibility might be more important than visibility.
description: Please refer to the scripts in the paper titled "A brief history and popularity of methods and tools used to estimate micro-evolutionary forces" published in the journal of ecology and evolution by Wiley.
description: This dataset was collected from the records from the web of knowledge database and processed using both perl and R scripts for the analysis. These scripts are publicly available in the supplementary material of the publication titled: "A brief history and popularity of methods and tools used to estimate micro-evolutionary forces".
Time Series Behavior of Occupation Exposure Data
Creators: name: Symanski, Elaine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Prior studies have observed that exposure variability increased as a function of sampling duration and attributed this phenomenon to autocorrelation. This study confirmed such behavior in occupational exposure data after controlling for factors likely to contribute to variability and assessed the impact of non-stationarity, as well as autocorrelation, on the results. Consecutive shift-long exposure measurements for 54 workers from five different data sets in 149 time series were analyzed to evaluate the variance as the interval between measurements increased. When the data were combined a clear increasing trend in the variance was observed with lag. However, a breakdown by data set revealed that the trend was present in only one of the five data sets. The effect was further isolated to 42% of the workers who contributed data and to less than 1/3 of the total number of time series analyzed. Autocorrelation and non-stationary behavior explained the increase in 60% of the time series where the trend was evident. Analysis of the entire database revealed that a small percentage of time series produced significant first-order autocorrelation coefficients or were non-stationary over the interval in which sampling was conducted. If these results are typical of other workplaces, sampling strategies may not need to address problems associated with autocorrelation or nonstationarity.
title: "Teaching Physics to Radiology residents: Implementation and Outcomes of interactive lecture approach with monthly summative evaluation."
Creators: name: Khan, Ahmed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Experimental
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We present a fresh educational approach to teach physics to radiology residents that has replaced the traditional didactic structure used in previous years introduced recently in our department.The hypothesis is that consecutive 3 to 4 day...
Determination of Particle Size Distribution for Aerosol Generated by Lechler's Ultrasonic Atomizer
Creators: name: Prabhu, Purva
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The particle size distribution of a vacuum pump oil aerosol (Inland-99) generated by an ultrasonic atomizer US 1 (Type 710.070.16.50, working frequency 100 kHz), manufactured by Lechler was measured in this study using a gravitational collection technique. Particles were collected on microscope slides that were treated with NYEBAR type Q solvent and analyzed by microscopy. The spread factor was determined to find the relationship between the flattened diameter of sampled particles and the true spherical diameter of the particles generated by the atomizer. The mean spread factor for Inland-99 vacuum pump oil drops collected on NYEBAR type Q solvent treated microscope slides was 1.31 with a standard deviation of 0.027. The particle size distribution was approximately lognormal. The mean value of the count median diameter for three repetitions was 22.88 μm with a standard deviation of 5.86 μm. Similarly, the mean of the geometric standard deviation was 166 with a standard deviation of 0.15.
title: The value of BOLD MR imaging in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Chai, Ruimei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: MR
subject: Treatment effects

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease of the pancreas in which recurrent episodes of inflammation lead to replacement of the pancreatic parenchyma with fibrotic tissue.[1] CP gives rise to treatable complications including endocrine and exocrine...
An Analysis of Hydrogen Gas Generation Specific to Dewatered Ion Exchange Resins in Radioactive Waste Shipment Containers
Creators: name: Lee, David S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: The analysis of hydrogen gas generation in radioactive waste containers considers the following areas: 1) the radiolytic reaction of water and dewatered ion exchange resins, 2) the parameters associated with the rate of hydrogen generation, and 3) the evaluation of an equation, which determines the rate of hydrogen generation, to aid in compliance with regulatory requirements. The two primary factors needed for the determination of the hydrogen gas generation rate are the total absorbed energy and the hydrogen generation constant, G(H2). The method developed by EG&G Idaho, Inc. adequately incorporates these two factors. However, there is a degree of uncertainty within this method. At present, the G(H2) values in the literature do not accurately represent typical resins used in the industry. Variables which affect the G(H2) have been identified. The degree to which these variables have an affect upon the G(H2) values is not known. studies addressing, 1) diffusion rates of gas from specific containers, and 2) G-values representing resins used within the industry, could lead to better quantification of the concentration of hydrogen gas in waste containers.
title: Benign and malignant thyroid lesions: F18-FDG PET with radiologic and pathologic correlation
Creators: name: Kim, Jeong-Eun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: PET-CT
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this studyis to analyze general features of thyroid nodules on PEC/CT correlate with radiologic and pathologic...
Management of Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Computerized Cognitive Stimulation and Computerized Physical Activity
Creators: name: Binarelli, Giulia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) occurs frequently in patients living with cancer, with consequences on quality of life. Recently, research on the management of these difficulties has focused on computerized cognitive stimulation and computerized physical activity programs. This systematic review presents the state of knowledge about interventions based on computerized-cognitive stimulation and/or physical activity to reduce CRCI. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines. A search was conducted in PUBMED and Web of Science databases. Risk of bias analysis was conducted using the Rob2 tool and the quality of evidence was conducted following the GRADE approach. A total of 3776 articles were initially identified and 20 of them met the inclusion criteria. Among them, sixteen investigated computerized-cognitive stimulation and four computerized-physical activity. Most of the studies were randomized controlled trials and assessed the efficacy of a home-based intervention on objective cognition in adults with cancer. Overall, cognitive improvement was found in 11/16 computerized-cognitive stimulation studies and 2/4 computerized-physical activity studies. Cognitive stimulation or physical activity improved especially cognitive complaints, memory, and attention. These results suggest the efficacy of both computerized-cognitive stimulation and physical activity. However, we report a high risk of bias for the majority of studies and a low level of quality of evidence. Therefore, further investigations are needed to confirm the efficacy of these interventions and to investigate the possible added benefit on cognition of a combined computerized-cognitive/physical intervention
RKKY-like contributions to the magnetic anisotropy energy: 3d adatoms on Pt(111) surface
Creators: name: Bouhassoune, Mohammed
name: Dias, Manuel dos Santos
name: ZImmermann, Bernd
name: Dederichs, Peter H.
name: Lounis, Samir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic anisotropy energy defines the energy barrier that stabilizes a magnetic moment. Utilizing density functional theory based simulations and analytical formulations, we establish that this barrier is strongly modified by long-range contributions very similar to Frieden oscillations and Rudermann-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interactions. Thus, oscillations are expected and observed, with different decaying factors and highly anisotropic in realistic materials, which can switch non-trivially the sign of the magnetic anisotropy energy. This behavior is general and for illustration we address transition metals adatoms, Cr, Mn, Fe and Co deposited on Pt(111) surface. We explain in particular the mechanisms leading to the strong site-dependence of the magnetic anisotropy energy observed for Fe adatoms on Pt(111) surface as revealed previously via first-principles based simulations and inelastic scanning tunneling spectroscopy (A. A. Khajetoorians et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 157204 (2013)). The same mechanisms are probably active for the site-dependence of the magnetic anisotropy energy obtained for Fe adatoms on Pd or Rh(111) surfaces and for Co adatoms on Rh(111) surface (P. Blonski et al. Phys. Rev. B 81, 104426 (2010)).
description: published manuscript with additional figures and comments
Causal Study of the Effects of Personal Relative Income Information -- Pilot study
Creators: name: Miettinen, Topi
name: Kirchler, Michael
name: Matthews, Peter
name: Metsälampi, Satu
name: Xu, Xiaogeng
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Our basic research question is the following: what are the effects of providing information about income distribution and the personal position/rank relative to others on satisfaction, happiness, attitudes, beliefs, preferences as well as labor and health outcomes? Similar questions have been asked by a number of world-class research teams in recent years (Card et al., 2012; Kuzmienko et al., 2015; Karadja et al., 2017; Perez Truglia, 2019; Bastani & Waldenström, 2019) but our specific contribution is to compare the causal effects of relative income information for several reference groups to which an individual belongs, such as their educational credential, occupation, birth cohort, municipality, including the nationwide comparison which has been typically used in many studies. To understand which relative income information is most relevant for the participants, we also have a treatment where subjects are free to choose to view one of several distributions. This treatment allows us to better evaluate which selection effects may be present in the field in situations where relative income information is freely available for those willing to search for it, and which effects the information is expected to have under those circumstances. A further contribution is to analyze the effects of relative income information on real behavior such as job mobility or charitable giving, in addition to satisfaction or intended behavior, combining information from the experiment with rich register data. In this pilot phase, we will pre-register and evaluate the statistical power of our pilot study for research questions most related to a recent related study by Hvidberg et al. (2020, unpublished). We will also articulate our main novel research questions regarding the endogenous choice treatment (see above). In addition to our pre-registered hypotheses we will also conduct exploratory analysis based on which we form hypotheses for the main data collection round to be rolled out later in 2021. We will pre-register those new hypotheses in a separate registration before the main data collection round starts, allowing for updates until the main data collection ends. In addition to our pre-registered hypotheses we will also conduct exploratory analysis in the main round, flagging analysis that was not pre-registered.
title: Efficacy of a model based iterative reconstruction technique for image quality improvement and noise reduction in CT renal tracts
Creators: name: Jackson, Dana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Radiation physics
subject: CT
subject: Physics
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: It is widely accepted that low dose non-enhanced CT of renal tracts (NECT-KUB) outperforms ultrasound, excretory urography, and radiography and has become the modality of choice in the evaluation of urinary tract calculi. Continuing improvements in...
title: Potentially important unreported incidental findings in urgent nonenhanced abdominal CT performed for renal colic
Creators: name: Belloni, Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Medico-legal issues

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: A significant proportion of the general population (up to 15%) is affected by nephrolithiasis, thus acute renal colic is a frequent reason of access to the Emergency Department. At present, nonenhanced abdominal CT is considered the reference...
Study 2: Effect of inequality on antisocial behavior, trust and cooperation, in face of desperation
Creators: name: Radkani, Setayesh
name: Nettle, Daniel
name: Saxe, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: antisocial
subject: cooperation
subject: desperation
subject: inequality
subject: trust

description: Pre-registered protocol for study 2
Non-equilibrium surface growth in a hybrid inorganic-organic system
Creators: name: Kleppmann, Nicola
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we show that molecular morphologies found in non-equilibrium growth can be strongly different from those at equilibrium. We study the prototypical hybrid inorganic-organic system 6P on ZnO(10-10) during thin film adsorption, and find a wealth of phenomena including re-entrant growth, a critical adsorption rate and observables that are non-monotonous with the adsorption rate. We identify the transition from lying to standing molecules with a critical cluster size and discuss the competition of time scales during growth in terms of a rate equation approach. Our results form a basis for understanding and predicting collective orientational ordering during growth in hybrid material systems.
Low and High Resolution GC-MS Detection of N2, 3-Ethenoguanine in Livers of Vinyl Chloride Exposed Sprague-Dawley Rats and of Unexposed Mammals
Creators: name: Kim, Amy H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Vinyl chloride (VC) is a known human and animal carcinogen requiring metabolic activation by cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases. The metabolic products of vinyl chloride, chloroethylene oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, react with deoxyribonucleic acids to form DNA adducts. The formation and persistence of DNA adducts have been previously reported in preweanling Sprague-Dawley rats and dams exposed to vinyl chloride by inhalation. In the present study, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 500 ppm VC by inhalation for 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks (4 hrs/day, 5 days/week). The quantitation of N^2,3-ethenoguanine (ɛG) was accomplished by low resolution gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) monitoring of the [M-181]" fragment of ɛG's dipentafluorobenzyl derivative, 3,5-PFB[2]-ɛG. ɛG concentrations, expressed as μmol adduct/μmol unmodified guanine, were 0.57±0.06, 1.3±0.54, 1.4±0.21, and 2.0±0.91 following 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks of VC exposure, respectively. To verify the low resolution GC-MS, a high resolution GC-MS method was applied to provide both a highly sensitive and highly specific method for quantitating ɛG. Whereas low resolution could selectively monitor single ion masses of m/z 354±0.5 for PFB-ɛG and m/z 358±0.5 for PFB-[13Cc]ɛG, the high resolution method could detect exact masses (10,000 resolution power) of the ɛG analyte and its 13C-labeled analog, [13C4]-ɛG. The relative response ratios of the ɛG analyte to its internal standard, [13C4-ɛG, were comparable between low resolution and high resolution GC-MS. The concentrations of ɛG using high resolution GC-MS were 0.45±0.07, 1.1±0.61, 1.5±0.43, and 1.7±0.79 following 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks of VC exposure, respectively. In addition, the amounts of endogenous ɛG were analyzed in liver DNA from untreated Sprague-Dawley rats (53-week old), Sprague-Dawley rats (8-week old), Fischer 344 rats, and human samples. The ɛG concentrations detected by low resolution were 0.27±0.07, 0.57±0.48, 0.16±0.02, and 0.56±0. 35 μmol eɛ/μmol guanine for Sprague-Dawley rats, Fischer 344 rats, and humans. Comparable levels (0.02[n=l], 0.32±0.17, 0.06±0.07, and 0.81±0.97μmol ɛG/μmolG) were measured by high resolution. While the sources of endogenous ɛG are presently unknown, the application of high resolution GC-MS to its detection left little doubt as to its identity. Since ɛG is one of the most promutagenic DNA adducts formed by exogenous alkylating agents, this endogenous DNA adduct may be of importance in human cancer. Our findings that ɛG increased in an exposure-related manner in DNA from rats exposed to vinyl chloride, and was also present in unexposed animals present important new data for VC-induced carcinogenesis.
title: A phantom study of tomosynthesis; do in-plane artifacts affect the estimated size of nodules?
Creators: name: Meltzer, Carin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Thorax

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Lung nodules are seen as incidental findings in approximately 50 % of patients examined by computed tomography (CT) [1]. Most nodules are small, and less than 1 % of nodules smaller than 5 mm in diameter in patients without a history of cancer will...
A Pilot Study Evaluation of Interventions Used by a Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program to Reduce Elevated Blood Lead Levels
Creators: name: Bivins, Holly M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: This study evaluated a set of interventions used by the North Carolina Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program to eliminate the elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) of 36 children. Abatement, education, housekeeping techniques, and relocation to lead-free housing were analyzed in terms of their effectiveness in significantly reducing BLLs. The study also assessed the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of the population at risk for lead poisoning. Health records and a questionnaire given to the families provided the data for the study. Education provided by public health nurses was successful in improving the mothers' knowledge about lead poisoning, however, the vast majority of mothers were unaware of lead poisoning prior to their children's exposure. Although only four families were able to abate, all these children had significantly lower BLLs six to twelve months later. The majority of those children who used housekeeping techniques or relocation as an intervention also significantly reduced their BLLs. Based on answers to the questionnaire, most mothers expressed real concern for their children's situation, trust for the medical profession's ability to provide care, and a willingness to cooperate with the nurses and the health department.
Mindfulness, Virtual Reality, and Personality
Creators: name: Schaffer, Somer
name: Campbell, Lorne
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: mindfulness
subject: personality
subject: virtual reality
subject: well-being

description: The current research is interested in examining connections between virtual reality and/or meditation experiences and one’s personality traits as well as indications of personal well-being
Infinitely many nonlocal conservation laws for the $ABC$ equation with $A+B+C\neq 0$
Creators: name: Krasil'shchik, I. S.
name: Sergyeyev, A.
name: Morozov, O. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an infinite hierarchy of nonlocal conservation laws for the $ABC$ equation $A u_t\,u_{xy}+B u_x\,u_{ty}+C u_y\,u_{tx} = 0$, where $A,B,C$ are constants and $A+B+C\neq 0$, using a nonisospectral Lax pair. As a byproduct, we present new coverings for the ABC equation. The method of proof of nontriviality of the conservation laws under study is quite general and can be applied to many other integrable multidimensional systems.
description: 10 pages, no figures, slightly revised and extended version
Improving Water Utility Financial Stability in the Face of Extreme Weather
Creators: name: Zeff, Harrison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Population growth, economic development, and a growing awareness of the environmental services provided by in-stream flows are increasing challenges for water utilities. Many water managers have addressed these problems by implementing temporary demand management programs like outdoor water use restrictions. However, a large portion of water utility revenue often comes from the volumetric sale of water, and the resulting drop in volumetric revenue can leave them financially vulnerable during prolonged periods of drought. We apply financial tools commonly used in deregulated energy markets to the water utility serving the City of Durham to mitigate potential financial variability. Using utility billing records, financial hedging tools such as drought pricing, contingency funds, and third party insurance based on weather derivative contracts are applied to multi-reservoir simulations driven by synthetic streamflow records. This work should provide useful insights for water utilities seeking to minimize their financial vulnerability during extreme weather events.
The motion of two identical masses connected by an ideal string symmetrically placed over a corner
Creators: name: Rasinariu, Constantin
name: Gangopadhyaya, Asim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel, two-mass system that slides up an inclined plane while its center of mass moves down. The system consists of two identical masses connected by an ideal string symmetrically placed over a corner-shaped support. This system is similar to a double-cone that rolls up an inclined set of V-shaped rails. We find the double-cone's motion easy to demonstrate but difficult to analyze. Our example here is more straightforward to follow, and the experimental observations are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; Accepted for publication in American Journal of Physics
PROTOCOLO DE PESQUISA SOBRE AS EVIDÊNCIAS DA ESTRATIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO FAMILIAR NA PRÁTICA DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA: SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: Santos, Geovani
name: da Silva, Simone
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Community Health and Preventive Medicine
subject: Atenção Primária à Saúde
subject: Classificação de Risco Familiar
subject: Estratégia Saúde da Família
subject: Estratificação de Risco Familiar
subject: Programa Saúde da Família

description: Trata-se de um protocolo de uma scoping review conforme a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI). Visa mapear as evidências científicas sobre a estratificação de risco familiar na prática da Estratégia Saúde da Família.
title: Operational Competence of the Warfighter
title: Βελτιστοποίηση της Επιχειρησιακής Ικανότητας του Μαχητή
Creators: name: Kounalakis, Stylianos
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2023
Subjects: απόδοση
περιβάλλον
εξοπλισμός
προσαρμογή
προπόνηση
Στρατιωτική επιχείρηση
performance
environment
Equipment
training
adaptation
military operation

description: Many factors can affect the combat effectiveness and safety of the warfighter in an operation. The most important external factors that can affect, to a small or large degree the combatant's operational capability are the environment (hot environment, cold environment, humid environment, altitude, atmospheric pollution, high hydrostatic water pressure during immersion), the characteristics of the operation (duration, intensity, ground characteristics) and the equipment (clothing, armament). Likewise, the activities for carrying out and completing the mission, such as excavation and manual material handling, play an important role. Also, the fighter's load carriage and shooting ability are central to its combat effectiveness in a mission. Finally, endogenous factors are also important, such as the fighter's age, gender and physical characteristics, as well as proper nutrition, hydration and mental strength. All of the above factors interact, to a lesser or greater degree, making operational efficiency an intractable equation. The purpose of the trainers is to maximize the combatant's operational capacity always with the maximum safety. Maximization can be achieved by optimizing opposing factors. This book examines each of these factors and their possible interactions, with an emphasis on the physiological responses of the combatant's body, which lead to a reduction of his performance and/or inability to carry on, an important factor which can potentially jeopardize his safety.
description: Το σύγγραμμα αναλύει όλους τους παράγοντες που μπορεί να επηρεάσουν την επιχειρησιακή ικανότητα του μαχητή και προτείνει τρόπους αποφυγής ή περιορισμού των βλαβερών επιπτώσεων που μπορεί να επιφέρει το αντίξοο επιχειρησιακό περιβάλλον στον οργανισμό του. Ακόμα, αναλύει τους τρόπους βελτιστοποίησης της παραπάνω ικανότητας. Χωρίζεται σε 6 ενότητες: περιβάλλον, παρατεταμένη επιχείρηση και απόδοση, ρουχισμός, στρατιωτικές δραστηριότητες, ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά και ενεργειακές απαιτήσεις-ενυδάτωση-εργογόνες ουσίες.
The ambient obstruction tensor and conformal holonomy
Creators: name: Leistner, Thomas
name: Lischewski, Andree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A30, 53C29

description: For a conformal manifold, we describe a new relation between the ambient obstruction tensor of Fefferman and Graham and the holonomy of the normal conformal Cartan connection. This relation allows us to prove several results on the vanishing and the rank of the obstruction tensor, for example for conformal structures admitting twistor spinors or normal conformal Killing forms. As our main tool we introduce the notion of a conformal holonomy distribution and show that its integrability is closely related to the exceptional conformal structures in dimensions five and six that were found by Nurowski and Bryant.
description: 26 pages. In Version 2 results for analytic conformal structures are generalised to smooth conformal structures
title: Imaging of gastric bands and their complications: an educational pictorial review
Creators: name: Moloney, Fiachra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Barium meal
subject: Complications
subject: Surgery
subject: Eating disorders

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Gastric banding is a restrictive type of gastric surgery in which a band is placed around the proximal portion of the stomach. Since its introduction into clinical practice in Europe in 1993 (1), gastric banding has gained a central role in the...
Resident and migratory adipose immune cells control systemic metabolism and thermogenesis
Creators: name: Man, K
name: Kallies, A
name: Vasanthakumar, Ajithkumar
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3204
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Glucose is a vital source of energy for all mammals. The balance between glucose uptake, metabolism and storage determines the energy status of an individual, and perturbations in this balance can lead to metabolic diseases. The maintenance of organismal glucose metabolism is a complex process that involves multiple tissues, including adipose tissue, which is an endocrine and energy storage organ that is critical for the regulation of systemic metabolism. Adipose tissue consists of an array of different cell types, including specialized adipocytes and stromal and endothelial cells. In addition, adipose tissue harbors a wide range of immune cells that play vital roles in adipose tissue homeostasis and function. These cells contribute to the regulation of systemic metabolism by modulating the inflammatory tone of adipose tissue, which is directly linked to insulin sensitivity and signaling. Furthermore, these cells affect the control of thermogenesis. While lean adipose tissue is rich in type 2 and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, obesity tips the balance in favor of a proinflammatory milieu, leading to the development of insulin resistance and the dysregulation of systemic metabolism. Notably, anti-inflammatory immune cells, including regulatory T cells and innate lymphocytes, protect against insulin resistance and have the characteristics of tissue-resident cells, while proinflammatory immune cells are recruited from the circulation to obese adipose tissue. Here, we review the key findings that have shaped our understanding of how immune cells regulate adipose tissue homeostasis to control organismal metabolism.
Multiple Vector Valued Inequalities via the Helicoidal Method
Creators: name: Benea, Cristina
name: Muscalu, Camil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42

description: We develop a new method of proving vector-valued estimates in harmonic analysis, which we like to call "the helicoidal method". As a consequence of it, we are able to give affirmative answers to some questions that have been circulating for some time. In particular, we show that the tensor product $BHT \otimes Π$ between the bilinear Hilbert transform $BHT$ and a paraproduct $Π$ satisfies the same $L^p$ estimates as the $BHT$ itself, solving completely a problem introduced in a paper of Muscalu, Pipher, Tao and Thiele. Then, we prove that for "locally $L^2$ exponents" the corresponding vector valued $\overrightarrow{BHT}$ satisfies (again) the same $L^p$ estimates as the $BHT$ itself. Before the present work there was not even a single example of such exponents. Finally, we prove a bi-parameter Leibniz rule in mixed norm $L^p$ spaces, answering a question of Kenig in nonlinear dispersive PDE.
description: 56 pages, 7 figures
title: Analysis of venous collateral vessels of the chest upper portion detected with MDCT (VC): thrombosis vs anatomical compression
Creators: name: Villanueva Marcos, Alberto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: CT
subject: Venous access

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Venous thrombosis is often asymptomatic, mis-diagnosed, and unrecognized. However, this entity is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality (1). Venous collateral vessels can be found in the upper portion of the chest in MDCT exams of...