cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Optimal H2O2 preconditioning to improve bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells’ engraftment in wound healing
Creators: name: Guo, Ling
name: Du, Juan
name: Yuan, Dan-feng
name: Zhang, Ya
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Hua-cai
name: Mi, Jun-wei
name: Ning, Ya-lei
name: Chen, Min-jia
name: Wen, Da-lin
name: Sun, Jian-hui
name: Liu, Di
name: Zeng, Ling
name: Zhang, Anqiang
name: Jiang, Jianxin
name: Huang, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Fig. 1. The BMSCs have maintained the multipotent differentiation capacity of stem cells even after pretreated with 50 μM H2O2 for 12 h.
In the presence of conflicting gaze cues, fearful expression and eye-size guide attention
Creators: name: Carlson, Joshua M.
name: Aday, Jacob
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Humans are social beings that often interact in multi-individual environments. As such, we are frequently confronted with nonverbal social signals, including eye-gaze direction, from multiple individuals. Yet, the factors that allow for the prioritisation of certain gaze cues over others are poorly understood. Using a modified conflicting gaze paradigm, we tested the hypothesis that fearful gaze would be favoured amongst competing gaze cues. We further hypothesised that this effect is related to the increased sclera exposure, which is characteristic of fearful expressions. Across three experiments, we found that fearful, but not happy, gaze guides observers’ attention over competing non-emotional gaze. The guidance of attention by fearful gaze appears to be linked to increased sclera exposure. However, differences in sclera exposure do not prioritise competing gazes of other types. Thus, fearful gaze guides attention among competing cues and this effect is facilitated by increased sclera exposure – but increased sclera exposure per se does not guide attention. The prioritisation of fearful gaze over non-emotional gaze likely represents an adaptive means of selectively attending to survival-relevant spatial locations.
Numerical Solutions of the External Field Effect on the Radial Acceleration in Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Chae, Kyu-Hyun
name: Milgrom, Mordehai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In MOND (modified Newtonian dynamics)-based theories the strong equivalence principle is generically broken in an idiosyncratic manner, manifested in the action of an "external field effect (EFE)". The internal dynamics in a self-gravitating system is affected even by a constant external field. In disk galaxies the EFE can induce warps and modify the rotational speeds. Due to the non-linearity of MOND, it is difficult to derive analytic expressions of this important effect in a disk. Here we study numerically the EFE in two non-relativistic Lagrangian theories of MOND: the `Aquadratic-Lagrangian' theory (AQUAL) and `Quasilinear MOND' (QUMOND). For AQUAL we consider only the axisymmetric field configurations with the external field along the disk axis, or a spherical galaxy with test-particle orbits inclined to the external field. For the more manageable QUMOND we calculate also the three-dimensional field configurations, with the external field inclined to the disk axis. We investigate particularly to what degree an external field modifies the quasi-flat part of rotation curves. While our QUMOND results agree well with published numerical results in QUMOND, we find that AQUAL predicts weaker EFE than published AQUAL results. However, AQUAL still predicts stronger EFE than QUMOND, which demonstrates current theoretical uncertainties. We also illustrate how the MOND prediction on the rising part of the rotation curve, in the inner parts, depends largely on disk thickness but only weakly on a plausible external field for a fixed galaxy model. Finally, we summarize our results for the outer parts as an improved, approximate analytic expression.
description: Astrophysical Journal, accepted (7 figures, 1 table)
Energy transfer, discontinuities and heating in the inner solar wind measured with a weak and local formulation of the Politano-Pouquet law
Creators: name: David, Vincent
name: Galtier, Sébastien
name: Sahraoui, Fouad
name: Hadid, Lina Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar wind is a highly turbulent plasma for which the mean rate of energy transfer $\varepsilon$ has been measured for a long time using the Politano-Pouquet (PP98) exact law. However, this law assumes statistical homogeneity that can be violated by the presence of discontinuities. Here, we introduce a new method based on the inertial dissipation $\Dis$ whose analytical form is derived from incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); it can be considered as a weak and {\it local} (in space) formulation of the PP98 law whose expression is recovered after integration is space. We used $\Dis$ to estimate the local energy transfer rate from the \textit{THEMIS-B} and \textit{Parker Solar Probe} (PSP) data taken in the solar wind at different heliospheric distances. Our study reveals that discontinuities near the Sun lead to a strong energy transfer that affects a wide range of scales $σ$. We also observe that switchbacks seem to be characterized by a singular behavior with an energy transfer varying as $σ^{-3/4}$, which slightly differs from classical discontinuities characterized by a $σ^{-1}$ scaling. A comparison between the measurements of $\varepsilon$ and $\Dis$ shows that in general the latter is significantly larger than the former.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, submitted to The Astrophysical Journal
Types of parents and school strategies aimed at the creation of effective partnerships
Creators: name: Smit, Frederik
name: Driessen, Geert
name: Sluiter, Roderick
name: Sleegers, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Cyprus
Year: 2007

description: In order to expand parental participation in the education of their children, teachers should beequipped with some basic and possibly new skills for communication and cooperation purposes.Schools host a very diverse population of pupils, and the purpose of the present study wastherefore to attain a better understanding of what various groups of parents expect of educationand the school in order to develop a framework for school strategies to involve different types ofparents. The research included a review of the literature, consultation with three expert panels, aweb survey of 500 school leaders, an interactive focus group, 20 case studies to identifypromising practices and the identification of strategies to expand parental participation. Theresults showed parents in ‘white’ schools to support teachers during activities (parents assupporters). Non-minority parents and certainly those from higher social milieus wereaccustomed to having a say in school matters (parents as politicians). In schools with manydisadvantaged pupils, in contrast, little or no attention was paid to having parents have a say inschool matters. A bottleneck in ‘white’ schools was that parents do not have time to participatedue to their work (career parents). A bottleneck in ‘black’ schools is that parents do not perceivethemselves as qualified to participate (absentee parents). It is further shown that strategies whichparallel the different types of parents can be identified for school teams to realize effectivepartnership relations.
Efficient modeling of correlated noise. III. Scalable methods for jointly modeling several observables' time series with Gaussian processes
Creators: name: Delisle, J. -B.
name: Unger, N.
name: Hara, N. C.
name: Ségransan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial velocity method is a very productive technique used to detect and confirm extrasolar planets. The most recent spectrographs, such as ESPRESSO or EXPRES, have the potential to detect Earth-like planets around Sun-like stars. However, stellar activity can induce radial velocity variations that dilute or even mimic the signature of a planet. A widely recognized method for disentangling these signals is to model the radial velocity time series, jointly with stellar activity indicators, using Gaussian processes and their derivatives. However, such modeling is prohibitive in terms of computational resources for large data sets, as the cost typically scales as the total number of measurements cubed. Here, we present S+LEAF 2, a Gaussian process framework that can be used to jointly model several time series, with a computational cost that scales linearly with the data set size. This framework thus provides a state-of-the-art Gaussian process model, with tractable computations even for large data sets. We illustrate the power of this framework by reanalyzing the 246 HARPS radial velocity measurements of the nearby K2 dwarf HD 138038, together with two activity indicators. We reproduce the results of a previous analysis of these data, but with a strongly decreased computational cost (more than two order of magnitude). The gain would be even greater for larger data sets.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Geometric thermodynamic uncertainty relation in periodically driven thermoelectric heat engine
Creators: name: Lu, Jincheng
name: Wang, Zi
name: Peng, Jiebin
name: Wang, Chen
name: Jiang, Jian-Hua
name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic uncertainty relation, quantifying a trade-off among average current, the associated fluctuation (precision), and entropy production (cost), has been formulated in nonequilibrium steady state and various stochastic systems. Herein, we study the thermodynamic uncertainty relation in generic thermoelectric heat engines under a periodic control protocol, by uncovering the underlying Berry-phase-like contribution. We show that our thermodynamic uncertainty relation breaks the seminal steady-state results, originating from the non-vanishing geometric effect. Furthermore, by deriving the consequent trade-off relation binding efficiency, power, and constancy, we prove that the periodically driven thermoelectric heat engines can generally outperform the steady-state analogies. The general bounds are illustrated by an analytically solvable two-terminal single quantum dot heat engine under the periodic modulation. Our work provides a geometric framework in bounding and optimizing a wide range of periodically driven thermoelectric thermal machines.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
GOODS-ALMA 2.0: Starbursts in the main sequence reveal compact star formation regulating galaxy evolution prequenching
Creators: name: Gómez-Guijarro, C.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Xiao, M.
name: Kokorev, V. I.
name: Magdis, G. E.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Valentino, F.
name: Sargent, M. T.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Béthermin, M.
name: Franco, M.
name: Pope, A.
name: Kalita, B. S.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Demarco, R.
name: Inami, H.
name: Rujopakarn, W.
name: Shu, X.
name: Wang, T.
name: Zhou, L.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Bournaud, F.
name: Chary, R.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Finkelstein, S. L.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Iono, D.
name: Juneau, S.
name: Kartaltepe, J. S.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Leiton, R.
name: Leroy, L.
name: Lin, L.
name: Motohara, K.
name: Mullaney, J.
name: Okumura, K.
name: Pannella, M.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Treister, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact star formation appears to be generally common in dusty star-forming galaxies (SFGs). However, its role in the framework set by the scaling relations in galaxy evolution remains to be understood. In this work we follow up on the galaxy sample from the GOODS-ALMA 2.0 survey, an ALMA blind survey at 1.1mm covering a continuous area of 72.42arcmin$^2$ using two array configurations. We derived physical properties, such as star formation rates, gas fractions, depletion timescales, and dust temperatures for the galaxy sample built from the survey. There exists a subset of galaxies that exhibit starburst-like short depletion timescales, but they are located within the scatter of the so-called main sequence of SFGs. These are dubbed starbursts in the main sequence and display the most compact star formation and they are characterized by the shortest depletion timescales, lowest gas fractions, and highest dust temperatures of the galaxy sample, compared to typical SFGs at the same stellar mass and redshift. They are also very massive, accounting for $\sim 60\%$ of the most massive galaxies in the sample ($\log (M_{\rm{*}}/M_{\odot}) > 11.0$). We find trends between the areas of the ongoing star formation regions and the derived physical properties for the sample, unveiling the role of compact star formation as a physical driver of these properties. Starbursts in the main sequence appear to be the extreme cases of these trends. We discuss possible scenarios of galaxy evolution to explain the results drawn from our galaxy sample. Our findings suggest that the star formation rate is sustained in SFGs by gas and star formation compression, keeping them within the main sequence even when their gas fractions are low and they are presumably on the way to quiescence.
description: Accepted by A&A. 26 pages, 13 figures
Solar Activity and Space Weather
Creators: name: Gopalswamy, Nat
name: Mäkelä, Pertti
name: Yashiro, Seiji
name: Akiyama, Sachiko
name: Xie, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After providing an overview of solar activity as measured by the sunspot number (SSN) and space weather events during solar cycles (SCs) 21-24, we focus on the weak solar activity in SC 24. The weak solar activity reduces the number of energetic eruptions from the Sun and hence the number of space weather events. The speeds of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), interplanetary (IP) shocks, and the background solar wind all declined in SC 24. One of the main heliospheric consequences of weak solar activity is the reduced total (magnetic + gas) pressure, magnetic field strength, and Alfvén speed. There are three groups of phenomena that decline to different degrees in SC 24 relative to the corresponding ones in SC 23: (i) those that decline more than SSN does, (ii) those that decline like SSN, and (iii) those that decline less than SSN does. The decrease in the number of severe space weather events such as high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) events and intense geomagnetic storms is deeper than the decline in SSN. CMEs expand anomalously and hence their magnetic content is diluted resulting in weaker geomagnetic storms. The reduction in the number of intense geomagnetic storms caused by corotating interaction regions is also drastic. The diminished heliospheric magnetic field in SC 24 reduces the efficiency of particle acceleration, resulting in fewer high-energy SEP events. The numbers of IP type II radio bursts, IP socks, and high-intensity energetic storm particle events closely follow the number of fast and wide CMEs (and approximately SSN). The number of halo CMEs in SC 24 declines less than SSN does, mainly due to the weak heliospheric state. Phenomena such as IP CMEs and magnetic clouds related to frontside halos also do not decline significantly. The mild space weather is likely to continue in SC 25, whose strength has been predicted to be not too different from that of SC 24.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, to appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Proc. 2nd International Symposium on Space Science 2021, LAPAN, Indonesia
title: Digital Sovereignty in the Cloud
title: The Need for a Dutch Government Cloud in an Era of American Dominance  and European Privacy Legislation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Angelier, Victor
Publisher: name: V.A. (Victor) Anglier
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cloud Computing
subject: Cloud Computing/trends
subject: Government
subject: Sovereignty
subject: Information Technology

description: In an era increasingly defined by technological dependency and geopolitical tensions, digital sovereignty has emerged as a critical imperative for national security, public trust, and democratic resilience. This essay investigates the necessity of a sovereign Dutch government cloud, arguing that current reliance on foreign cloud providers—particularly American hyperscalers like Amazon and Microsoft—exposes the Netherlands to legal, operational, and ethical vulnerabilities. Central to these concerns is the extraterritorial reach of the US CLOUD Act, which threatens the privacy and autonomy of Dutch citizens by allowing American authorities to access data stored on foreign soil.

Through a case study of the Ministry of the Interior and its executive agency DICTU, the essay analyses the benefits and challenges of establishing a sovereign cloud infrastructure. It applies analytical frameworks such as PESTLE, TOE, SWOT, and the NIST Cloud Security Framework to evaluate strategic feasibility, legal compliance, and technical requirements. Drawing on comparative insights from initiatives like Gaia-X in Germany and X-Road in Estonia, the essay outlines a phased implementation strategy to ensure operational continuity, minimise disruption, and support capacity-building.

The study finds that a sovereign government cloud can strengthen national control over data, enhance transparency, reduce vendor lock-in, and align digital infrastructure with Dutch public values. However, it also acknowledges substantial challenges related to cost, legacy integration, and staff readiness. By addressing these through coordinated governance, open-source adoption, and investment in digital skills, the Netherlands can chart a path toward greater digital autonomy.

Ultimately, this essay argues that the pursuit of a national government cloud is not merely a technological upgrade, but a strategic necessity—one that safeguards democratic governance and secures the Netherlands’ digital future in an interconnected yet contested global landscape.
A Note on the Construction of Explicit Symplectic Integrators for Schwarzschild Spacetimes
Creators: name: Zhou, Naying
name: Zhang, Hongxing
name: Liu, Wenfang
name: Wu, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent publications, the construction of explicit symplectic integrators for Schwarzschild and Kerr type spacetimes is based on splitting and composition methods for numerical integrations of Hamiltonians or time-transformed Hamiltonians associated with these spacetimes. Such splittings are not unique but have various choices. A Hamiltonian describing the motion of charged particles around the Schwarzschild black hole with an external magnetic field can be separated into three, four and five explicitly integrable parts. It is shown through numerical tests of regular and chaotic orbits that the three-part splitting method is the best one of the three Hamiltonian splitting methods in accuracy. In the three-part splitting, optimized fourth-order partitioned Runge-Kutta and Runge-Kutta-Nyström explicit symplectic integrators exhibit the best accuracies. In fact, they are several orders of magnitude better than the fourth-order Yoshida algorithms for appropriate time steps. The former algorithms need small additional computational cost compared with the latter ones. Optimized sixth-order partitioned Runge-Kutta and Runge-Kutta-Nyström explicit symplectic integrators have no dramatic advantages over the optimized fourth-order ones in accuracies during long-term integrations due to roundoff errors. The idea finding the integrators with the best performance is also suitable for Hamiltonians or time-transformed Hamiltonians of other curved spacetimes including the Kerr type spacetimes. When the numbers of explicitly integrable splitting sub-Hamiltonians are as small as possible, such splitting Hamiltonian methods would bring better accuracies. In this case, the optimized fourth-order partitioned Runge-Kutta and Runge-Kutta-Nyström methods are worth recommending.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. accepted for publication in ApJ
Bruchophagus robiniae community
Creators: name: Laszlo, Zoltan
name: Lakatos, Tímea K
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60202 Community Ecology (excl. Invasive Species Ecology)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60307 Host-Parasite Interactions
subject: 50103 Invasive Species Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The parasitoid community of B. robiniae, seed-predator of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia): e) Mesopolobus robiniae, f) Bracon sp. g) Baryscapus sp., h) Aprostocetus venustus, i) Pediobius bruchicida, j) Eupelmus urozonus
Combined Dataset for Big Translation History
Creators: name: Eichler, Jakub
name: Rosiński, Cezary
name: Eichler, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Digital Humanities
Bibliodata
FAIR Data
Big Translation History
Literary Translation

description: Description of a PhD project: dataset using various sources, tracking the trajectories of translations of J. L. Borges' works into Polish.

Methodology framework and research by Jakub Eichler and Cezary Rosiński. Graphic design by Anna Eichler.

The poster was originally presented during 10th Birthday of Digital Humanities Centre IBL PAN poster session.
On the structure and long-term evolution of ice-rich bodies
Creators: name: Loveless, Stephan
name: Prialnik, Dina
name: Podolak, Morris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interest in the structure of ice-rich planetary bodies, in particular the differentiation between ice and rock, has grown due to the discovery of Kuiper belt objects and exoplanets. We thus carry out a parameter study for a range of planetary masses $M$, yielding radii $50 \aplt R \aplt 3000$~km, and for rock/ice mass ratios between 0.25 and 4, evolving them for 4.5~Gyr in a cold environment, to obtain the present structure. We use a thermal evolution model that allows for liquid and vapor flow in a porous medium, solving mass and energy conservation equations under hydrostatic equilibrium for a spherical body in orbit around a central star. The model includes the effect of pressure on porosity and on the melting temperature, heating by long-lived radioactive isotopes, and temperature-dependent serpentinization and dehydration. We obtain the boundary in parameter space [size, rock-content] between bodies that differentiate, forming a rocky core, and those which remain undifferentiated: small bodies, bodies with a low rock content, and the largest bodies considered, which develop high internal pressures and barely attain the melting temperature. The final differentiated structure comprises a rocky core, an ice-rich mantle, and a thin dense crust below the surface. We obtain and discuss the bulk density-radius relationship. The effect of a very cold environment is investigated and we find that at an ambient temperature of $\sim$20~K, small bodies preserve the ice in amorphous form to the present.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Ap.J
Additional file 1 of Arabidopsis paralogous genes RPL23aA and RPL23aB encode functionally equivalent proteins
Creators: name: Xiong, Wei
name: Chen, Xiangze
name: Zhu, Chengxin
name: Zhang, Jiancong
name: Lan, Ting
name: Liu, Lin
name: Mo, Beixin
name: Chen, Xuemei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Amino acid sequence alignment between RPL23aA and RPL23aB.
Economic Impact Analysis of Autonomous Containerised Freight
Creators: name: Tzameret H. Rubin
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 91303 Autonomous Vehicles
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Advanced robotics is a disruptive technology that has the potential to create massive economic impact. One application of advanced robotics is the automation of cargo ports, with the intention of increasing profitability for cargo terminals by reducing costs and increasing container handling productivity.Autonomous straddle carrier technology can not only significantly improve freight capacity but can also enhance the safety of operations, reducing the potential for manual errors by isolating the workforce from heavy machinery. Our findings suggest a net present value (NPV) of autonomous straddle carrier technology in direct impact worth for NSW of around $9.42 to $10 billion between the years 2014 and 2030.In this report we present only the final application of a long term process of university R&D effort, i.e. cost benefit analysis was not undertaken in this report as innovation studies show that any innovation outcome cannot capture the full benefit to the economy, therefore the costs are normally high and in most cases create no tangible benefit but creates intangibles like knowledge is not easy to be quantified
Economic Impact Analysis of Automated Mines in Australia
Creators: name: Tzameret  Rubin
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: According to the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), in 2011 the value of resource exports rose by 16%, accounting for 2 percentage points of the 5.5% growth in nominal GDP over the year to December (RBA, 2012). While the volume of export capacity did not change significantly (only increasing by 1%), the prices of minerals have steadily increased in the last 30 years. This gap between the value and volume of export growth can be addressed by technological solutions to increase productivity. Any technological solution that can increase mining production volume would yield a significant increase in value, which in turn would increase Australia’s GDP.Our findings suggest that in 2013, if 3% of Australian mines had started the process of fully automating their mines, over the next 20 years, every year on average, mining revenues would increase by nearly AUD$436 million for coal, AUD$724 million for iron ore, AUD$291 million for bauxite and AUD$105 million for copper
Black Mirror: The impact of rotational broadening on the search for reflected light from 51 Pegasi b with high resolution spectroscopy
Creators: name: Spring, E. F.
name: Birkby, J. L.
name: Pino, L.
name: Alonso, R.
name: Hoyer, S.
name: Young, M. E.
name: Coelho, P. R. T.
name: Nespral, D.
name: López-Morales, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extreme contrast ratios between stars and their planets at optical wavelengths make it challenging to isolate the light reflected by exoplanet atmospheres. Yet, these reflective properties reveal key processes occurring in the atmospheres, and they also span wavelengths that include the potential O$_2$ biosignature. High resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy (HRCCS) offers a robust avenue for developing techniques to extract exoplanet reflection spectra. We aimed to extract the optical reflected light spectrum of the non-transiting hot Jupiter 51 Peg b by adapting techniques designed to remove tellurics in infrared HRCCS to instead remove optical stellar lines. Importantly, we investigated the so far neglected impact of the broadening of the reflected host star spectrum due to the difference between the stellar rotation and the planet's orbital velocity. We used 484, R=115000 optical spectra of 51 Peg b from HARPS-N and HARPS, which we aligned to the exact stellar rest frame in order to effectively remove the contaminating host star. However, some stellar residuals remained, likely due to stellar activity. We cross-correlated with an appropriately broadened synthetic stellar model to search for the planet's Doppler-shifting spectrum. We detect no significant reflected light from 51 Peg b and report a S/N=3 upper limit on the contrast ratio of 76.0 ppm (7.60x10$^{-5}$) when including broadening, and 24.0 ppm (2.40x10$^{-5}$) without. These upper limits rule out radius and albedo combinations of previously claimed detections. Broadening can significantly impact the ability of HRCCS to extract reflected light spectra and must be considered when determining the contrast ratio, radius, and albedo of the planet. Asynchronous systems (Prot,$_{\star}\ne$ Porb) are most affected, including most hot Jupiters as well as Earth-size planets in the traditional habitable zones of some M-dwarfs.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures in main text, accepted for publication in A&A on 30/12/2021
A self-assembled clavanin A-coated amniotic membrane scaffold for the prevention of biofilm formation by ocular surface fungal pathogens
Creators: name: Mandal, Santi M.
name: Khan, Jahangir
name: Denial Mahata
name: Saha, Suman
name: Jayangshu Sengupta
name: Osmar N. Silva
name: Subhayan Das
name: Mahitosh Mandal
name: Franco, Octavio L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology

description: Amniotic membrane (AM) is frequently used in ophthalmologic surgery for rapid ocular surface reconstruction. Sometimes it may create a major problem with associated infections after biofilm formation over the membrane. To overcome this problem, AM was coated with the antimicrobial peptide clavanin A. The antifungal activity of clavanin A in the native and self-assembled form was determined against the common ocular surface pathogens Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. Biofilm formation over the coated surface was significantly reduced in comparison with the uncoated membrane. The coated membrane revealed effectiveness in terms of biocompatibility, cell attachment colonization when tested in non-cancerous 3T3 and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cell lines. Clavanin A-coated AM also exhibited excellent physical, morphological and antifungal characteristics, indicating potential applicability for ocular surface infection control.
Anti obese potential of Cucurbita maxima seeds oil: effect on lipid profile and histoarchitecture in high fat diet induced obese rats
Creators: name: A. Kalaivani
name: V. V. Sathibabu Uddandrao
name: P. Brahmanaidu
name: Ganapathy Saravanan
name: P. R. Nivedha
name: P. Tamilmani
name: K. Swapna
name: Vadivukkarasi, Sasikumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this study, we made an attempt to evaluate the potential of Cucurbita maxima seeds oil (CSO) against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in rats. We investigated the effect of CSO (100 mg/kg body weight) supplementation over 30 days on the changes of HFD-induced obese rats in body weight, biochemical parameters and lipid profile as well as investigated the effects of CSO on the histopathological changes. Oral administration with CSO revealed significant diminution in body weight gain, glucose and insulin levels, which altered the activity of lipid profile and restored the pathological alterations. It demonstrated that CSO had considerably altered these parameters when evaluated with HFD control rats. In conclusion, this study established that CSO prevents the HFD-induced obesity by altering the markers important to lipid metabolism.
Fitting AGN/galaxy X-ray-to-radio SEDs with CIGALE and improvement of the code
Creators: name: Yang, Guang
name: Boquien, Médéric
name: Brandt, William N.
name: Buat, Véronique
name: Burgarella, Denis
name: Ciesla, Laure
name: Lehmer, Bret D.
name: Małek, Katarzyna E.
name: Mountrichas, George
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Pons, Estelle
name: Stalevski, Marko
name: Theulé, Patrice
name: Zhu, Shifu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern and future surveys effectively provide a panchromatic view for large numbers of extragalactic objects. Consistently modeling these multiwavelength survey data is a critical but challenging task for extragalactic studies. The Code Investigating GALaxy Emission (CIGALE) is an efficient PYTHON code for spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting of galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Recently, a major extension of CIGALE (named X-CIGALE) has been developed to account for AGN/galaxy X-ray emission and improve AGN modeling at UV-to-IR wavelengths. Here, we apply X-CIGALE to different samples, including COSMOS spectroscopic type 2 AGNs, CDF-S X-ray detected normal galaxies, SDSS quasars, and COSMOS radio objects. From these tests, we identify several weaknesses of X-CIGALE and improve the code accordingly. These improvements are mainly related to AGN intrinsic X-ray anisotropy, X-ray binary emission, AGN accretion-disk SED shape, and AGN radio emission. These updates improve the fit quality and allow new interpretation of the results, based on which we discuss physical implications. For example, we find that AGN intrinsic X-ray anisotropy is moderate, and can be modeled as $L_X(θ) \propto 1+\cos θ$, where $θ$ is the viewing angle measured from the AGN axis. We merge the new code into the major branch of CIGALE, and publicly release this new version as CIGALE v2022.0 on https://cigale.lam.fr
description: ApJ accepted. The code is available at https://cigale.lam.fr/news/
„Velkommen til Norge!“ – Seminarsitzung zum sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht in der Fachdidaktik Biologie
Creators: name: Schmiedebach, Mario
name: Wiese, Inga
name: Wegner, Claas
Publisher: name: Herausforderung Lehrer*innenbildung - Zeitschrift zur Konzeption, Gestaltung und Diskussion
Year: 2020

description: Der Beitrag befasst sich mit einer Seminarsitzung aus dem Vorbereitungsseminar für das Praxissemester der Fachdidaktik Biologie zum sprachsensiblen Fachunterricht. Im Beitrag wird die Wichtigkeit der Förderung von Sprache in jedem Fachunterricht dargestellt und die Methode des Perspektiv-wechsels erläutert. Im Anschluss findet die Darstellung der Seminarsitzung statt, die sich am ESRIA-Prinzip orientiert und dadurch den Perspektivwechsel bei den Studierenden einleitet. Dies geschieht vor allem durch ein norwegisches Arbeitsblatt aus dem Biologieunterricht und soll bei den Studierenden ein besseres Verständnis für Zweitsprachlernende und ihre Hürden im Fachunterricht hervorrufen. Gemeinsam wird reflektiert, welche Ressourcen helfen, um auch mit geringen (oder gar keinen) Sprachkenntnissen am Fachunterricht teilnehmen zu können. Dar-über hinaus werden Modifikationen am Arbeitsblatt vorgenommen, sodass die Bewältigung des Arbeitsblattes erfolgreicher gelingen kann. Ziel der Seminarsitzung ist es, die Studierenden für den Fachunterricht in einer Fremd- bzw. Zweitsprache zu sensibilisieren und mit ihnen hilfreiche Strukturen für die Durchführung von sprachsensiblem Fachunterricht zu erarbeiten.
description: Herausforderung Lehrer*innenbildung - Zeitschrift zur Konzeption, Gestaltung und Diskussion, Bd. 3 Nr. 1 (2020): Herausforderung Lehrer_innenbildung - Ausgabe 3
Gamma-ray Burst Prompt Emission Spectrum and $E_p$ Evolution Patterns in the ICMART Model
Creators: name: Shao, Xueying
name: Gao, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we simulate the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) prompt emission light curve, spectrum and $E_p$ evolution patterns within the framework of the Internal-Collision-induced MAgnetic Reconnection and Turbulence (ICMART) model. We show that this model can produce a Band shape spectrum, whose parameters ($E_p$, $α$, $β$) could distribute in the typical distribution from GRB observations, as long as the magnetic field and the electron acceleration process in the emission region are under appropriate conditions. On the other hand, we show that for one ICMART event, $E_p$ evolution is always a hard-to-soft pattern. However, a GRB light curve is usually composed of multiple ICMART events that are fundamentally driven by the erratic GRB central engine activity. In this case, we find that if one individual broad pulse in the GRB light curve is composed of multiple ICMART events, the overall $E_p$ evolution could be disguised as the intense-tracking pattern. Therefore, mixed $E_p$ evolution patterns can coexist in the same burst, with a variety of combined patterns. Our results support the ICMART model to be a competitive model to explain the main properties of GRB prompt emission. The possible challenges faced by the ICMART model are also discussed in details.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
A trypsin inhibitor from Moringa oleifera flower extract is cytotoxic to Trypanosoma cruzi with high selectivity over mammalian cells
Creators: name: Pontual, Emmanuel V.
name: Divar F. Pires-Neto
name: Fraige, Karina
name: Taciana M. M. Higino
name: Belany E. A. Carvalho
name: Alves, Neyla M. P.
name: Thâmarah A. Lima
name: Russolina B. Zingali
name: Coelho, Luana C. B. B.
name: Vanderlan S. Bolzani
name: Figueiredo, Regina C. B. Q.
name: Thiago H. Napoleão
name: Paiva, Patrícia M. G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: In this study, Moringa oleifera flower extract and a trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) isolated from it were evaluated for anti-protozoal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. The presence of flavonoids was remarkable in the HPLC fingerprints of the extract at 254 and 360 nm. Amino acid sequences of peptides derived from in-gel digestion of MoFTI were determined. Both the extract and MoFTI caused lysis of T. cruzi trypomastigotes with LC50/24 h of 54.18 ± 6.62 and 41.20 ± 4.28 μg/mL, respectively. High selectivity indices (7.9 to >12) for T. cruzi cells over murine peritoneal macrophages and Vero cells were found for the extract and MoFTI. The results show that MoFTI is a trypanocidal principle of the flower extract.
Spectropolarimetric observations of the solar atmosphere in the H$α$ 6563 Å line
Creators: name: Bestard, J. Jaume
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
name: Bianda, M.
name: Štěpán, J.
name: Ramelli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel spectropolarimetric observations of the hydrogen H$α$ line taken with the Zürich Imaging Polarimeter (ZIMPOL) at the Gregory Coudé Telescope of the Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno (IRSOL). The linear polarization is clearly dominated by the scattering of anisotropic radiation and the Hanle effect, while the circular polarization by the Zeeman effect. The observed linear polarization signals show a rich spatial variability, the interpretation of which would open a new window for probing the solar chromosphere. We study their spatial variation within coronal holes, finding a different behaviour for the $U/I$ signals near the North and South solar poles. We identify some spatial patterns, which may facilitate the interpretation of the observations. In close-to-the-limb regions with sizable circular polarization signals we find similar asymmetric $Q/I$ profiles. We also show examples of net circular polarization profiles (NCP), along with the corresponding linear polarization signals. The application of the weak field approximation to the observed circular polarization signals gives $10\,$G ($40-60\,$G) in close to the limb quiet (plage) regions for the average longitudinal field strength over the spatio-temporal resolution element.
description: Accepted in A&A (16/12/2021)
V-shaped ion funnel proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Wang, Yujie
name: Dong, Kexiu
name: Chu, Yannan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A V-shaped ion funnel (IF) drift tube was developed for proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). The ion transmissions were characterized at variable radio frequency voltages and frequencies to obtain optimized conditions while considering the effects of radial-focusing, reaction rate, and collision-induced dissociation. The improvements in sensitivity for common compounds were experimentally obtained and ranges from 2 to 22 times depending on the analyte. The product ions distributions were also studied for V-shaped IF PTR-MS. Together with the literature reports for U-shaped IF PTR-MS, a valuable and comprehensive reference is provided for future optimization of IF PTR-MS and other mass spectrometers.
Probing spin-dependent dark matter interactions with $^6$Li
Creators: name: Angloher, G.
name: Benato, G.
name: Bento, A.
name: Bertoldo, E.
name: Bertolini, A.
name: Breier, R.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Canonica, L.
name: D'Addabbo, A.
name: Di Lorenzo, S.
name: Einfalt, L.
name: Erb, A.
name: Feilitzsch, F. v.
name: Iachellini, N. Ferreiro
name: Fichtinger, S.
name: Fuchs, D.
name: Fuss, A.
name: Garai, A.
name: Ghete, V. M.
name: Gorla, P.
name: Gupta, S.
name: Hauff, D.
name: Ješkovský, M.
name: Jochum, J.
name: Kaznacheeva, M.
name: Kinast, A.
name: Kluck, H.
name: Kraus, H.
name: Langenkämper, A.
name: Mancuso, M.
name: Marini, L.
name: Mokina, V.
name: Nilima, A.
name: Olmi, M.
name: Ortmann, T.
name: Pagliarone, C.
name: Palušová, V.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Petricca, F.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Povinec, P.
name: Pröbst, F.
name: Pucci, F.
name: Reindl, F.
name: Rothe, J.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Schieck, J.
name: Schmiedmayer, D.
name: Schönert, S.
name: Schwertner, C.
name: Stahlberg, M.
name: Stodolsky, L.
name: Strandhagen, C.
name: Strauss, R.
name: Usherov, I.
name: Wagner, F.
name: Willers, M.
name: Zema, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CRESST is one of the most prominent direct detection experiments for dark matter particles with sub-GeV/c$^2$ mass. One of the advantages of the CRESST experiment is the possibility to include a large variety of nuclides in the target material used to probe dark matter interactions. In this work, we discuss in particular the interactions of dark matter particles with protons and neutrons of $^{6}$Li. This is now possible thanks to new calculations on nuclear matrix elements of this specific isotope of Li. To show the potential of using this particular nuclide for probing dark matter interactions, we used the data collected previously by a CRESST prototype based on LiAlO$_2$ and operated in an above ground test-facility at Max-Planck-Institut für Physik in Munich, Germany. In particular, the inclusion of $^{6}$Li in the limit calculation drastically improves the result obtained for spin-dependent interactions with neutrons in the whole mass range. The improvement is significant, greater than two order of magnitude for dark matter masses below 1 GeV/c$^2$, compared to the limit previously published with the same data.
Phytochemical investigation and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of bark of Hymenodictyon orixense
Creators: name: Nattawut Suchaichit
name: Somdej Kanokmedhakul
name: Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
name: Panawan Moosophon
name: Chantana Boonyarat
name: Kusawadee Plekratoke
name: Ruchanok Tearavarich
name: Natcha P. Suchaichit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: The chemical investigation of the methanol extract of Hymenodictyon orixense bark, a Thai medicinal herb, provided five compounds. Their structures were identified on the basis of 1D NMR and MS data, as well as by comparison of the data with published values, as an iridoid glycoside: loganin (1), four coumarins: scopoletin (2), scopolin (3), hymexelsin (4) and scopoletin 7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5). Compounds 1–5 showed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity in the range of 13.92–34.18% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. In addition, compounds 1 and 5 are reported for the first time from this genus.