cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HST/Acs Weak-Lensing and Chandra X-Ray Studies of the High-Redshift Cluster MS 1054-0321
Creators: name: Jee, M. J.
name: White, R. L.
name: Ford, H. C.
name: Blakeslee, J. P.
name: Illingworth, G. D.
name: Coe, D. A.
name: Tran, K. -V. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) weak-lensing and Chandra X-ray analyses of MS 1054-0321 at z=0.83, the most distant and X-ray luminous cluster in the Einstein Extended Medium-Sensitivity Survey (EMSS). The high-resolution mass reconstruction through ACS weak-lensing reveals the complicated dark matter substructure in unprecedented detail, characterized by the three dominant mass clumps with the four or more minor satellite groups within the current ACS field. The direct comparison of the mass map with the Chandra X-ray image shows that the eastern weak-lensing substructure is not present in the X-ray image and, more interestingly, the two X-ray peaks are displaced away from the hypothesized merging direction with respect to the corresponding central and western mass clumps, possibly because of ram pressure. In addition, as observed in our previous weak-lensing study of another high-redshift cluster CL 0152-1357 at z=0.84, the two dark matter clumps of MS 1054-0321 seem to be offset from the galaxy counterparts. We examine the significance of these offsets and discuss a possible scenario, wherein the dark matter clumps might be moving ahead of the cluster galaxies. The non-parametric weak-lensing mass modeling gives a projected mass of M(r<1 Mpc)=(1.02+-0.15)x 10^{15} solar mass, where the uncertainty reflects both the statistical error and the cosmic shear effects. Our temperature measurement of T=8.9_{-0.8}^{+1.0} keV utilizing the newest available low-energy quantum efficiency degradation prescription for the Chandra instrument, together with the isothermal beta description of the cluster (r_c=16"+-15" and beta=0.78+-0.08), yields a projected mass of M(r<1 Mpc)=(1.2+-0.2) x 10^{15} solar mass, consistent with the weak-lensing result.
description: Accepted for publication in apj. Full-resolution version can be downloaded from http://acs.pha.jhu.edu/~mkjee/ms1054.pdf
Food Costs… From Farm to Retail in 1992
Creators: name: Dunham, Denis
name: Dunham, Denis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: How much are food costs changing? Why? How much of the consumer food dollar goes to the farmer and how much to food processors and marketers? Because of great interest in these questions, Congress directed the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to regularly study them and to report its findings. This bulletin provides the answers, focusing on developments in 1992.
BOLALARNI TARBIYA QILISHDA INNOVATSION TEXNALOGIYALARNING O'RNI
Creators: name: Nazirova Dilafruz Alisherovna, Abdullayeva Ruxsora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Annotatsiya: Zamonaviy jamiyatda texnologiyalar kundalik hayotning ajralmas qismiga aylandi. Bolalarni tarbiyalash jarayoni ham bundan mustasno emas. Innovatsion texnologiyalar orqali bolalarning ta’lim olish jarayonini yengillashtirish, ularning ijodiy va mantiqiy fikrlash qobiliyatlarini oshirish, shaxsiy o‘sishlariga yordam berish mumkin.
Reuver, Marc / Solms, Friedhelm / Huizer, Gerrit (Hrsg.), The Ecumenical Movement Tomorrow
Creators: name: Käßmann, Margot
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 3 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 3
title: Drivers and feedbacks impacting the Caspian Sea hydroclimate
Creators: name: Koriche, Sifan A.
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: The Caspian Sea is the world’s largest land-locked lake. It plays a key role in the Pontocaspian region, with a unique ecosystem providing numerous ecosystem services to millions of people. Large variations in Caspian Sea level have occurred in the past and are projected for the future. However, there is considerable debate about the importance of different drivers and feedbacks leading to these variations. The primary aim of this thesis is to use a modelling approach to improve our understanding of Caspian Sea hydroclimate and sea level from the late Quaternary to the end of the 21st century. Firstly, contributions to Caspian Sea level from glacial-interglacial climate change, topographic changes due to ice-sheet loading, and ice-sheet meltwater were explored by combining climate model simulations and ice-sheet reconstructions to drive a hydrological model. The results show that the reorganization of river drainage systems due to Fennoscandian ice-sheet growth and retreat played the dominant role in the variation of the Caspian Sea level in the late glacial high-stand, while hydroclimate change was the major factor leading to the early Holocene low-stand. Secondly, given that large changes inCaspian Sea area will accompany changes in sea level, a separate climate model experiment examined the extent and magnitude of subsequent climate feedbacks. Results indicate an important local negative lake surface-evaporation feedback and remote teleconnections, impacting as far as the North Pacific. This also demonstrates the need for accurate representation of the Caspian Sea in climate models. Finally, a hydrological balance model was used to explore future Caspian Sea level changes based on multi-model climate projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5 and CMIP6) and idealized water extraction scenarios. The combined impacts of anthropogenic warming and water withdrawals will lead to a decline in Caspian Sea level and the desiccation of the shallow northern Caspian Sea before 2100. This will have multifaceted implications for the surrounding communities, increasing freshwater scarcity, transforming ecosystems, and impacting the climate system.
Universality of the break-up profile for the KdV equation in the small dispersion limit using the Riemann-Hilbert approach
Creators: name: Claeys, Tom
name: Grava, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain an asymptotic expansion for the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation in the small dispersion limit near the point of gradient catastrophe (x_c,t_c) for the solution of the dispersionless equation. The sub-leading term in this expansion is described by the smooth solution of a fourth order ODE, which is a higher order analogue to the Painleve I equation. This is in accordance with a conjecture of Dubrovin, suggesting that this is a universal phenomenon for any Hamiltonian perturbation of a hyperbolic equation. Using the Deift/Zhou steepest descent method applied on the Riemann-Hilbert problem for the KdV equation, we are able to prove the asymptotic expansion rigorously in a double scaling limit.
description: 30 pages
Workshop: Get Insight in the Life Cycle of File Formats in Your Repository
Creators: name: Gilissen, Valentijn
name: Alloing, Sam
name: van 't Veer, Rein
name: Rappard, Marin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Preservation Watch
file format analysis
Bass Diffusion model

description: In this workshop, you can bring your own data and process it with the tool created by the Dutch Digital Heritage Network project for Monitoring Obsolete File Formats.

The main question of the DDHN project was to predict the life cycle of file formats. To respond to this question we implemented the Bass Model used in Economics for the preservation monitoring use case. 

The software tool developed during the project will be used to show you what the life cycle is of file formats in your repository. Are there files that are becoming obsolete or not? An important question in Preservation Watch. With our tool we want to make a contribution to this field.

During the workshop we are not getting into the theory of what was created, this can be read in our iPres 2023 paper and our blog posts. After a short introduction about the project and the tool, we will get hands-on!
On Quantum A/D and D/A Conversion
Creators: name: Schmuser, Frank
name: Janzing, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An algorithm is proposed which transfers the quantum information of a wave function (analogue signal) into a register of qubits (digital signal) such that $n$ qubits describe the amplitudes and phases of $2^n$ points of a sufficiently smooth wave function. We assume that the continuous degree of freedom couples to one or more qubits of a quantum register via a Jaynes Cummings Hamiltonian and that we have universal quantum computation capabilities on the register as well as the possibility to perform bang-bang control on the qubits. The transfer of information is mainly based on the application of the quantum phase-estimation algorithm in both directions. Here, the running time increases exponentially with the number of qubits. We pose it as an open question which interactions would allow polynomial running time. One example would be interactions which enable exact squeezing operations.
Digging into the Technological Dimension of Environmental Productivity
Creators: name: Belloc, Filippo
name: Valentini, Edilio
name: Belloc, Filippo
name: Valentini, Edilio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: environmental productivity
subject: emission intensity
subject: environmental technology
subject: environmental management

description: We propose a mixture model approach to identify locally optimal technologies and to dissect environmental productivity (output produced per unit of emission) into a technological and a managerial component. For a large sample of plants covered by the EU ETS, we find that the share of plants adopting the frontier technology is about 21%. We also find that the average output gains that plants could reach by adopting optimal technologies and managerial practices are 75% and 80% respectively. These results remain qualitatively similar after addressing endogeneity of emissions. Finally, we match EU ETS data with balance-sheet data on parent companies and find that better environmental technologies tend to be adopted by larger, listed, multi-plant and international companies, while older firms and firms with higher intangibles assets intensity more commonly show improved environmental management. Our results suggest that existing technologies have large unexploited potentials and deliver important insights for policy.
The Tenfold Way
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tenfold way became important in physics around 2010: it implies that there are ten fundamentally different kinds of matter. But it goes back to 1964, when C. T. C. Wall classified real super division algebras. These are finite-dimensional real $\mathbb{Z}/2$-graded algebras where every nonzero homogeneous element is invertible. He found that besides $\mathbb{R}$, $\mathbb{C}$ and $\mathbb{H}$, which give purely even super division algebras, there are seven more. He also showed that these ten algebras are all real or complex Clifford algebras. The eight real ones represent all eight Morita equivalence classes of real Clifford algebras, and the two complex ones do the same for the complex Clifford algebras. The tenfold way thus unites real and complex Bott periodicity. In this expository article we give a quick proof that there are ten real super division algebras, and say a bit about applications of the tenfold way.
description: 3 pages
Entry-level physical therapist curriculum in geriatrics: a national survey study
Creators: name: Lecora, Stefano
name: Culcasi, Antonio
name: Bucchi, Francesco
name: Tedeschi, Roberto
name: Da Roit, Marco
name: Ben, Sara Dal
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physiotherapy
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Education
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Physical Therapy
subject: competences
subject: entry-level
subject: geriatrics
subject: physiotherapy
subject: survey

description: This survey aim is to explore the geriatric-related curricula in entry-level physiotherapy (PT) degree program in the Italian universities.
Self-aligned carbon nanotube transistors with charge transfer doping
Creators: name: Chen, Jia
name: Klinke, Christian
name: Afzali, Ali
name: Avouris, Phaedon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter reports a charge transfer p-doping scheme which utilizes one-electron oxidizing molecules to obtain stable, unipolar carbon nanotube transistors with a self-aligned gate structure. This doping scheme allows one to improve carrier injection, tune the threshold voltage Vth, and enhance the device performance in both the ON- and OFF- transistor states. Specifically, the nanotube transistor is converted from ambipolar to unipolar, the device drive current is increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude, the device OFF current is suppressed and an excellent Ion/Ioff ratio of six order of magnitude is obtained. The important role played by metal-nanotube contacts modification through charge transfer is demonstrated.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
New bi-harmonic superspace formulation of $4D, \mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Ivanov, E. A.
name: Ivanovskiy, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a novel bi-harmonic $\mathcal{N}=4$ superspace formulation of the $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory (SYM) in four dimensions. In this approach, the $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM superfield constraints are solved in terms of on-shell $\mathcal {N}=2$ harmonic superfields. Such an approach provides a convenient tool of constructing the manifestly $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric invariants and further rewriting them in $\mathcal{N}= 2$ harmonic superspace. In particular, we present $\mathcal{N}=4$ superfield form of the leading term in the $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM effective action which was known previously in $\mathcal{N}=2$ superspace formulation.
description: 45 pages, typos corrected, references, footnote and acknowledgement added
Holographic study of entanglement and complexity for mixed states
Creators: name: Saha, Ashis
name: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we holographically quantify the entanglement and complexity for mixed states by following the prescription of purification. The bulk theory we consider in this work is a hyperscaling violating solution, characterized by two parameters, hyperscaling violating exponent $θ$ and dynamical exponent $z$. This geometry is dual to a non-relativistic strongly coupled theory with hidden Fermi surfaces. We first compute the holographic analogy of entanglement of purification (EoP), denoted as the minimal area of the entanglement wedge cross section and observe the effects of $z$ and $θ$. Then in order to probe the mixed state complexity we compute the mutual complexity for the BTZ black hole and the hyperscaling violating geometry by incorporating the holographic subregion complexity conjecture. We carry this out for two disjoint subsystems separated by a distance and also when the subsystems are adjacent with subsystems making up the full system. Furthermore, various aspects of holographic entanglement entropy such as entanglement Smarr relation, Fisher information metric and the butterfly velocity has also been discussed.
description: v1: 16 pages and 4 figures; v2: 21 pages and 6 figures (accepted for publication in Physical Review D)
Nucleon deformation and atomic spectroscopy
Creators: name: Buchmann, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent ineleastic electron-proton scattering experiments have led to rather accurate values for the N->Delta transition quadrupole moment Q(N->Delta).The experimental results imply a prolate (cigar-shaped) intrinsic deformation of the nucleon. The nonsphericity of the proton's charge distribution might be seen in the spectrum of atomic hydrogen. The possibilities and limitations for determining the geometric shape of the nucleon in an atomic physics experiment are discussed.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, talk given at Hydrogen Atom III conference, Mangaratiba, Brazil, 1-4 August, 2004
Weth, Rudolf (Hrsg.), Gottes Geist und Gottes Volk im Umbruch Europas
Creators: name: Vo
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 3 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 3
Voltammetric characterisation of a strong extracellular copper binding ligand from synechococcus PCC7002
Creators: name: Lawrence, Michael Glen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A competitive ligand equilibration adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLEACS V) technique using salicylaldoxime as the added ligand was developed for the detennination of copper speciation in seawater. The CLE-ACSV technique has been shown to be applicable to the determination of total copper. The depth profile at station AVHS-1 in the Western North Pacific has been reproduced, and the concentration of copper in the standard reference material NASS-4 was determined to be 3.4 ± 0.4 nM in excellent agreement with the certified value of 3.6 ± 0.2 nM. The applicability of this technique to the measurement of copper speciation was inferred from the ability to accurately determine the value of the overall stability constant for the Cu(SA)₂ complex by calibration with EDTA. The measured value of β₂sa/cu²⁺ = 15.0 ± 0.2 in excellent agreement with the only literature value of β^lci+ = 14.88 ± 0.3. Cultures of the marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus PCC7002 produce a strong copperbinding ligand when exposed to gradual increases in copper. This ligand as been shown to have a log K^u, of 12.2, amongst the strongest copper complexing ligands investigated to date.
Quark-lepton complementarity, neutrino and standard model data predict $(θ_{13}^{PMNS}=9^{+1}_{-2})^\circ$
Creators: name: Chauhan, Bhag C.
name: Picariello, Marco
name: Pulido, Joao
name: Torrente-Lujan, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complementarity between the quark and lepton mixing matrices is shown to provide a robust prediction for the neutrino mixing angle $θ_{13}^{PMNS}$. We obtain this prediction by first showing that the matrix $V_M$, product of the CKM and PMNS mixing matrices, may have a zero (1,3) entry which is favored by experimental data. Hence models with bimaximal or tribimaximal forms of the correlation matrix $V_M$ are quite possible. Any theoretical model with a vanishing (1,3) entry of $V_M$ that is in agreement with quark data, solar, and atmospheric mixing angle leads to $θ_{13}^{PMNS}=(9{^{+1}_{-2}})^\circ$. This value is consistent with the present 90% CL experimental upper limit.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. Final version to appear in the journal
Cow/Calf Costs of Production, 1990-91
Creators: name: Shapouri, Hosein
name: Matthews, Kenneth H.
name: Bailey, Pat
name: Shapouri, Hosein
name: Matthews, Kenneth H.
name: Bailey, Pat
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Variable costs
subject: cash costs
subject: economic costs
subject: capital replacement
subject: Farm Costs and Returns Survey (FCRS)
subject: costs of production (COP)
subject: estimates
subject: indexing

description: Net returns above both cash and economic costs improved for cow/calf producers for both 1990 and 1991. Returns above cash costs were near breakeven for several subgroups (size groups or regions), but returns to management, unpaid labor, and risk were positive for only the 500-999 size group in 1991. Cash receipts were the highest since 1972 in nominal terms. Feed costs constituted 26-38 percent of total cash costs for subgroups.
Grammatical elicitation: Passives
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Hermalin, Noah
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Include eating bananas (i.e. 'I ate the banana' vs. 'the banana was eaten by me'), murder (i.e., 'Max was murdered' vs. 'someone murdered Max') and instrumental uses of -u'n-.
Phenomenological implications of an alternative Hamiltonian constraint for quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Kagan, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we review a model based on loop quantum cosmology that arises from a symmetry reduction of the self dual Plebanski action. In this formulation the symmetry reduction leads to a very simple Hamiltonian constraint that can be quantized explicitly in the framework of loop quantum cosmology. We investigate the phenomenological implications of this model in the semi-classical regime and compare those with the known results of the standard Loop Quantum Cosmology.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
title: Die Wasserversorgungs-Anlagen im Jahre 1908
title: Statistische Mittheilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Statistische Mitteilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 696 Versorgungseinrichtungen
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Wirtschaftsstatistik
subject: Wasserversorgung

description: Mit einer Karte: Die Wasserversorgungs-Anlagen nach ihrer Ausdehnung in den politischen Gemeinden des Kantons Zürich zu Ende des Jahres 1908.
description: Die Wasser-, Gas- und Elektrizitäts-Versorgungsanlagen in den Gemeinden des Kantons Zürich, 1. Abteilung.
description: Inhalt: Text-Teil (Zahl und Ausdehnung der Wasserversorgungs-Anlagen und Zahl der Wasserbezüger ; Alter und bauliche Beschaffenheit der Anlagen, Quantum des verfügbaren Wassers ; Tarifgrundsätze und Taxen der Wasserversorgungs-Unternehmungen ; Die Finanzverhältnisse der Wasserversorgungsunternehmungen) ; Tabellarischer Teil (Gemeinde- und betriebsweise Übersichten ; Bezirksweise Übersichten).
Refining Landauer's Stack: Balancing Error and Dissipation When Erasing Information
Creators: name: Wimsatt, Gregory W.
name: Boyd, Alexander B.
name: Riechers, Paul M.
name: Crutchfield, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nonequilibrium information thermodynamics determines the minimum energy dissipation to reliably erase memory under time-symmetric control protocols. We demonstrate that its bounds are tight and so show that the costs overwhelm those implied by Landauer's energy bound on information erasure. Moreover, in the limit of perfect computation, the costs diverge. The conclusion is that time-asymmetric protocols should be developed for efficient, accurate thermodynamic computing. And, that Landauer's Stack -- the full suite of theoretically-predicted thermodynamic costs -- is ready for experimental test and calibration.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; http://csc.ucdavis.edu/~cmg/compmech/pubs/tsperase.htm. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1909.06650
Observing superluminous supernovae and long gamma ray bursts as potential birthplaces of repeating fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Hilmarsson, G. H.
name: Spitler, L. G.
name: Keane, E. F.
name: Athanasiadis, T. M.
name: Barr, E.
name: Cruces, M.
name: Deng, X.
name: Heyminck, S.
name: Karuppusamy, R.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Sathyanarayanan, S. P.
name: Krishnan, V. Ventakraman
name: Wieching, G.
name: Wu, J.
name: Wucknitz, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) and long gamma ray bursts (LGRBs) have been proposed as progenitors of repeating Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). In this scenario, bursts originate from the interaction between a young magnetar and its surrounding supernova remnant (SNR). Such a model could explain the repeating, apparently non-Poissonian nature of FRB121102, which appears to display quiescent and active phases. This bursting behaviour is better explained with a Weibull distribution, which includes parametrisation for clustering. We observed 10 SLSNe/LGRBs for 63 hours, looking for repeating FRBs with the Effelsberg-100 m radio telescope, but have not detected any bursts. We scale the burst rate of FRB121102 to an FRB121102-like source inhabiting each of our observed targets, and compare this rate to our upper burst rate limit on a source by source basis. By adopting a fiducial beaming fraction of 0.6, we obtain 99.99\% and 83.4\% probabilities that at least one, and at least half of our observed sources are beamed towards us respectively. One of our SLSN targets, PTF10hgi, is coincident with a persistent radio source, making it a possible analogue to FRB121102. We performed further observations on this source using the Effelsberg-100~m and Parkes-64~m radio telescopes. Assuming that PTF10hgi contains an FRB121102-like source, the probabilities of not detecting any bursts from a Weibull distribution during our observations are 14\% and 16\% for Effelsberg and Parkes respectively. We conclude by showing that a survey of many short observations increases burst detection probability for a source with Weibull distributed bursting activity.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Electronic wave-packets in integer quantum Hall edge channels: relaxation and dissipative effects
Creators: name: Rebora, G.
name: Ferraro, D.
name: Rodriguez, R. H.
name: Parmentier, F. D.
name: Roche, P.
name: Sassetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the evolution of the peak height of an energy resolved electronic wave-packets ballistically propagating along integer quantum Hall edge channels at filling factor $ν=2$. This is ultimately related to the elastic scattering amplitude for the fermionic excitations evaluated at different injection energy. We investigate this quantity assuming a short range capacitive coupling between the edges. Moreover, we also take into account phenomenologically the possibility of energy dissipation towards additional degrees of freedom both linear and quadratic in the injection energy. Comparing with recent experimental data, we rule out the non-dissipative case as well a quadratic dependence of the dissipation, indicating a linear energy loss rate as the best candidate to describe the behavior of the quasi-particle peak at short enough propagation lengths.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Flat bands, strains, and charge distribution in twisted-bilayer hBN
Creators: name: Walet, Niels R.
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of twisting on bilayer graphene. The effect of lattice relaxation is included; we look at the electronic structure, piezo-electric charges and spontaneous polarisation. We show that the electronic structure without lattice relaxation shows a set of extremely flat in-gap states similar to Landau-levels, where the spacing scales with twist angle. With lattice relaxation we still have flat bands, but now the spectrum becomes independent of twist angle for sufficiently small angles. We describe in detail the nature of the bands, and study appropriate continuum models, at the same time explaining the spectrum We find that even though the spectra for both parallel an anti-parallel alignment are very similar, the spontaneous polarisation effects only occur for parallel alignment. We argue that this suggests a large interlayer hopping between boron and nitrogen.
Current-induced vortex displacement and annihilation in a single Permalloy disk
Creators: name: Ishida, T.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Otani, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The induced motion of a magnetic vortex in a micron-sized ferromagnetic disk due to the DC current injection is studied by measuring planar Hall effect. The DC current injection is found to induce the spin torque that sweeps the vortex out of the disk at the critical current while bias magnetic field are applied. The current-induced vortex core displacement deduced from the change in planar Hall resistance is quantitatively consistent with theoretical prediction. Peak structures similar to those originated from spin wave excitations are observed in the differential planar Hall resistance curve.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
The characterization and biodegradation of aspen steryl esters and waxes
Creators: name: Leone, Robert Danny
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Steryl esters and waxes are major contributors to pitch deposition when aspen is pulped. To overcome this problem attempts have been made to identify these compounds. The first part of this thesis focuses on the identification of these compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Since the GC-MS analysis of the aspen steryl esters and waxes is a difficult task, we have only been able to identify lupeol palmitate and lupeol linoleate so far. The steryl esters and waxes fraction was hydrolyzed and the identity of the resulting sterol and fatty acid moieties established by GC-MS. β-sitosterol and β-amyrin were the two primary sterol moieties making up 34.7% and 37.5% of this fraction, respectively. Palmitic acid (C1 6:0) was the most abundant fatty acid making up 49.2% of the total acid material while linoleic acid (C1 8:2), a prominent unsaturated fatty acid in other lipid constituents, comprised 31.8% of the fatty acids in the steryl esters and waxes fraction. Standard steryl esters and waxes such as β-sitosterol palmitate and lupeol stearate were synthesized from the major hydrolyzed sterols and fatty acids identified. The aspen steryl esters and waxes fraction was spiked with the synthesized standards to confirm where these compounds eluted in the complex GC-FID chromatogram of the aspen steryl esters and waxes. The objective of the second part of this thesis was to determine whether some wood-inhabiting fungi were capable of degrading the aspen steryl esters and waxes. Fungi that effectively degrade these compounds could possibly be used as biological treatment agents to remove steryl esters and waxes from aspen wood prior to pulping. Aspergillus luchuensis and Cunninghamella elegans were the two most effective fungi in the degradation of aspen steryl esters and waxes in liquid culture, consuming 3.0 and 2.2 mg/mL in 7 days, respectively. These fungi grew by hydrolyzing the steryl esters and waxes into their sterol and fatty acid components. A. luchuensis and C. elegans were also grown on steryl esters and waxes in the presence of glucose or triglycerides in order to understand how these organisms behaved on complex substrates such as aspen wood. As expected, both fungi consumed the glucose prior to modifying the steryl esters and waxes. The amount of steryl esters and waxes consumed by A luchuensis and C. elegans was not affected by the addition of glucose. In the steryl esters and waxes cultures supplemented with triglycerides, A. luchuensis and C. elegans appeared to consume both carbon sources simultaneously.
Probing the Pulsar Wind Nebula of PSR B0355+54
Creators: name: McGowan, Katherine E.
name: Vestrand, W. Tom
name: Kennea, Jamie A.
name: Zane, Silvia
name: Cropper, Mark
name: Cordova, France A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present XMM-Newton and Chandra X-ray observations of the middle-aged radio pulsar PSR B0355+54. Our X-ray observations reveal emission not only from the pulsar itself, but also from a compact diffuse component extending ~50'' in the opposite direction to the pulsar's proper motion. There is also evidence for the presence of fainter diffuse emission extending ~5' from the point source. The compact diffuse feature is well-fitted with a power-law, the index of which is consistent with the values found for other pulsar wind nebulae. The morphology of the diffuse component is similar to the ram-pressure confined pulsar wind nebulae detected for other sources. The X-ray emission from the pulsar itself is described well by a thermal plus power-law fit, with the thermal emission most likely originating in a hot polar cap.
description: 9 pages (uses emulateapj.cls), 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
The Changing Concentration of U.S. Agricultural Production during the 20th Century: 14th Annual Report to the Congress on the Status of the Family Farm
Creators: name: Peterson, R. Neal
name: Brooks, Nora L.
name: Peterson, R. Neal
name: Brooks, Nora L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Farm concentration
subject: farm structure
subject: farm size
subject: farm sales

description: Fewer farms account for a larger share of farm production. The rate by which agricultural concentration has increased throughout the 20th century has been relatively steady in terms of sales but slowed markedly for acreage around 1950 to less than half its earlier rate. Every State's agriculture has become increasingly concentrated in the hands of fewer farm operators, although the degree of concentration is not uniform. Farms in the western Corn Belt and northern Plains are less dissimilar in terms of acreage and value of output than are farms in the western, east coast, and Sun Belt regions.
Carnahan Starling type equations of state for stable hard disk and hard sphere fluids
Creators: name: Liu, Hongqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known Carnahan-Starling (CS) equation of state (EoS) [1] for the hard sphere (HS) fluid was derived from a quadratic relation between the integer portions of the virial coefficients, Bn, and their orders, n. Here we extend the method to the full virial coefficients Bn for the general D-dimensional case. We assume a polynomial function of (D-1)th order for the virial coefficients starting from n=4 and EoS are derived from it. For the hard rob (D=1) case, the exact solution is obtained. For the stable hard disk fluid (D=2), the most recent virial coefficients up to the 10th [2] and accurate compressibility data[3,4] are employed to construct and test the EoS. For the stable hard sphere (D=3) fluid, a new CS-type EoS is constructed and tested with the most recent virial coefficients [5,2] up to the 11th and with the highly-accurate simulation data for compressibility [6-8]. The simple new EoS turn out to be as accurate as the highest-level Pade approximations based on all available virial coefficients, and significantly improve the CS-type EoS in the hard sphere case. We also shown that as long as the virial coefficients obey a polynomial function any EoS derived from it will diverge at the non-physical packing fraction=1.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Thermal transport in a granular metal array
Creators: name: Tripathi, V.
name: Loh, Y. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the Kubo formula for the electronic thermal conductivity kappa(T) of a granular metal array at low temperatures for the Ambegaokar-Eckern-Schoen (AES) model and study the kinetic and potential contributions in the diamagnetic (local) and paramagnetic (current-current) terms. For small values of dimensionless intergrain tunneling conductance, g << 1, we show that inelastic cotunneling processes contribute to thermal conductivity due to non-cancellation of the diamagnetic and paramagnetic terms, unlike electrical conductivity. We find that the electrical conductivity obeys the Arrhenius law, sigma(T) ~ ge^{-E_c/T}, however kappa(T) decreases only algebraically, kappa(T) \~ g^2 T^3/E_c^2. At large values of intergrain coupling, g >> 1, we find it plausible that the Wiedemann-Franz law weakly deviates from the free-electron theory due to Coulomb effects.
description: 5 pages RevTeX, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Narrow Band Chandra X-ray Analysis of Supernova Remnant 3C391
Creators: name: Su, Yang
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the narrow-band and the equivalent width (EW) images of the thermal composite supernova remnant (SNR) 3C391 for the X-ray emission lines of elements Mg, Si, & S using the Chandra ACIS Observational data. These EW images reveal the spatial distribution of the emission of the metal species Mg, Si, & S in the remnant. They have clumpy structure similar to that seen from the broadband diffuse emission, suggesting that they are largely of interstellar origin. We find an interesting finger-like feature protruding outside the southwestern radio border of the remnant, which is somewhat similar to the jet-like Si structure found in the famous SNR Cas A. This feature may possibly be the debris of the jet of ejecta which implies an asymmetrical supernova explosion of a massive progenitor star.
description: 9 pages, 4 embedded figures, Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ChJAA), in press
Logical Relations for Monadic Types
Creators: name: Goubault-Larrecq, Jean
name: Lasota, Slawomir
name: Nowak, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logical relations and their generalizations are a fundamental tool in proving properties of lambda-calculi, e.g., yielding sound principles for observational equivalence. We propose a natural notion of logical relations able to deal with the monadic types of Moggi's computational lambda-calculus. The treatment is categorical, and is based on notions of subsconing, mono factorization systems, and monad morphisms. Our approach has a number of interesting applications, including cases for lambda-calculi with non-determinism (where being in logical relation means being bisimilar), dynamic name creation, and probabilistic systems.
description: 83 pages
Spectral reflectance analysis of type 3 carbonaceous chondrites and search for their asteroidal parent bodies
Creators: name: Escrig, Jolantha
name: Bonal, Lydie
name: Beck, Pierre
name: Prestgard, Trygve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-differentiated asteroids are among the most primitive objects in our Solar System, having escaped intense heating mechanisms. To help us understand the information contained in reflectance spectra measured on asteroids, we analyzed meteorites in the laboratory. We present an in-depth analysis of a large set of reflectance spectra: 23 CV3, 15 CO3, 4 CR2 and 31 Unequilibrated Ordinary Chondrites (UOCs). Each of the samples has a well characterized thermal history . Variations in the reflectance spectra are observed between and within each chondrite group. UOCs systematically exhibit deeper absorption features, distinguishing them from carbonaceous chondrites. The CR2 samples presented in this study are easily distinguished from type 3 chondrites by exhibiting the 1 μm band at lower wavelengths. CV and CO chondrites exhibit comparable mineralogical compositions and can, therefore, not be distinguished solely based on their spectral features. In the case of CV chondrites, the 1 μm band depth increases with increasing metamorphic grade, while among CO chondrites, the spectra exhibit increasing visual slopes. By comparing the chondrite spectra with the spectra of various end member asteroids we are able to suggest several possible genetic links to the studied chondrites.
Grammatical elicitation: Passives with instruments
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
name: Hermalin, Noah
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Wilbanks, Eric
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Lead elicitor: Noah Hermalin. Scribe: Eric Wilbanks. Clean copy: Karee Garvin.
Optimal Thermoelectric Power Factor of Narrow-Gap Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes with Randomly Substituted Impurities
Creators: name: Matsubara, Manaho
name: Sasaoka, Kenji
name: Yamamoto, Takahiro
name: Fukuyama, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have theoretically investigated thermoelectric (TE) effects of narrow-gap single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with randomly substituted nitrogen (N) impurities, i.e., N-substituted (20,0) SWCNTs with a band gap of 0.497 eV. For such a narrow-gap system, the thermal excitation from the valence band to the conduction band contributes to its TE properties even at the room temperature. In this study, the N-impurity bands are treated with both conduction and valence bands taken into account self-consistently. We found the optimal N concentration per unit cell, $c_{\rm opt}$, which gives the maximum power factor ($PF$) for various temperatures, e.g., $PF=$0.30$\rm{W/K^2m}$ with $c_{\rm opt}=3.1\times 10^{-5}$ at 300K. In addition, the electronic thermal conductivity has been estimated, which turn out to be much smaller than the phonon thermal conductivity, leading to the figure of merit as $ZT\sim 0.1$ for N-substituted (20,0) SWCNTs with $c_{\rm opt}=3.1\times 10^{-5}$ at 300K.
Dynamics and Radiation of Young Type-Ia Supernova Remnants: Important Physical Processes
Creators: name: Sorokina, E. I.
name: Blinnikov, S. I.
name: Kosenko, D. I.
name: Lundqvist, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine and analyze the physical processes that should be taken into account when modeling young type-Ia SNRs, with ages of several hundred years. It is shown, that energy losses in the metal-rich ejecta can be essential for remnants already at this stage of evolution. The influence of electron thermal conduction and the rate of the energy exchange between electrons and ions on the temperature distribution and the X-radiation from such remnants is studied. The data for Tycho SNR from the XMM-Newton X-ray telescope have been employed for the comparison of calculations with observations.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Improved Inference of Gaussian Mixture Copula Model for Clustering and Reproducibility Analysis using Automatic Differentiation
Creators: name: Kasa, Siva Rajesh
name: Rajan, Vaibhav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Copulas provide a modular parameterization of multivariate distributions that decouples the modeling of marginals from the dependencies between them. Gaussian Mixture Copula Model (GMCM) is a highly flexible copula that can model many kinds of multi-modal dependencies, as well as asymmetric and tail dependencies. They have been effectively used in clustering non-Gaussian data and in Reproducibility Analysis, a meta-analysis method designed to verify the reliability and consistency of multiple high-throughput experiments. Parameter estimation for GMCM is challenging due to its intractable likelihood. The best previous methods have maximized a proxy-likelihood through a Pseudo Expectation Maximization (PEM) algorithm. They have no guarantees of convergence or convergence to the correct parameters. In this paper, we use Automatic Differentiation (AD) tools to develop a method, called AD-GMCM, that can maximize the exact GMCM likelihood. In our simulation studies and experiments with real data, AD-GMCM finds more accurate parameter estimates than PEM and yields better performance in clustering and Reproducibility Analysis. We discuss the advantages of an AD-based approach, to address problems related to monotonic increase of likelihood and parameter identifiability in GMCM. We also analyze, for GMCM, two well-known cases of degeneracy of maximum likelihood in GMM that can lead to spurious clustering solutions. Our analysis shows that, unlike GMM, GMCM is not affected in one of the cases.
Role of the boundary conditions in the Wigner-Seitz approximation applied to the neutron star inner crust
Creators: name: Baldo, M.
name: Saperstein, E. E.
name: Tolokonnikov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the boundary conditions used in the Wigner-Seitz (WS) approximation applied to the neutron star inner crust is examined. The generalized energy functional method which includes the neutron and proton pairing correlations is used. Predictions of two versions of the boundary conditions are compared with each other. The uncertainties in the equilibrium configuration (Z,R_c) of the crust, where Z is the proton charge and R_c, the radius of the WS cell, correspond to variation of Z by 2 - 6 units and of R_c, by 1 - 2 fm. The effect of the boundary conditions is enhanced at increasing density. These uncertainties are smaller than the variation of Z and R_c coming from the pairing effects. In the case of high densities, k_F greater than 1 1/fm, the most important uncertainty occurs in the value of the neutron gap. In the WS approximation, it originates from the shell effect in the neutron single-particle spectrum which is rather pronounced in the case of larger k_F and, correspondingly, small R_c values, but it becomes negligible at lower density near the drip point. An approximate recipe to avoid this uncertainty is suggested.
description: Extended version of arXiv: nucl-th/0601096
Working with Wetlands
Creators: name: Soil Conservation Service
name: Soil Conservation Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Preserving, enhancing, and restoring wetlands is an important part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) commitment to ecosystem-based assistance. This bulletin gives an overview of how USDA's Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS) are involved in wetland projects and programs.