cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Indium segregation during III-V quantum wire and quantum dot formation on patterned substrates
Creators: name: Moroni, Stefano T.
name: Dimastrodonato, Valeria
name: Chung, Tung-Hsun
name: Juska, Gediminas
name: Gocalinska, Agnieszka
name: Vvedensky, Dimitri D.
name: Pelucchi, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a model for metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy on non-planar substrates, specifically V-grooves and pyramidal recesses, which we apply to the growth of InGaAs nanostructures. This model, based on a set of coupled reaction-diffusion equations, one for each facet in the system, accounts for the facet-dependence of all kinetic processes (e.g., precursor decomposition, adatom diffusion, and adatom lifetimes) and has been previously applied to account for the temperature, concentration, and temporal-dependence of AlGaAs nanostructures on GaAs (111)B surfaces with V-grooves and pyramidal recesses. In the present study, the growth of In$_{0.12}$Ga$_{0.88}$As quantum wires at the bottom of V-grooves is used to determine a set of optimized kinetic parameters. Based on these parameters, we have modeled the growth of In$_{0.25}$Ga$_{0.75}$As nanostructures formed in pyramidal site-controlled quantum-dot systems, successfully producing a qualitative explanation for the temperature-dependence of their optical properties, which have been reported in previous studies. Finally, we present scanning electron and cross-sectional atomic force microscopy images which show previously unreported facetting at the bottom of the pyramidal recesses that allow quantum dot formation.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Sunspot Observations during the Maunder Minimum from the Correspondence of John Flamsteed
Creators: name: Carrasco, V. M. S.
name: Vaquero, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compile and analyze the sunspot observations made by John Flamsteed for the period 1672-1703, corresponding to the second part of the Maunder Minimum, which appear in the correspondence of this famous astronomer. We include in an appendix the original texts of the sunspot records kept by Flamsteed. We compute an estimate of the level of solar activity using these records, and compare the results with the latest reconstructions of solar activity during the Maunder Minimum, obtaining values characteristic of a grand solar minimum. Finally, we discuss a phenomenon observed and described by Stephen Gray in 1705 that has been interpreted as a white-light flare.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
The Properties of Poly-Si Films Grown on ZnO:Al Coated Borofloat Glass by Aluminium-Induced Layer Exchange (ALILE) Process
Creators: name: Lee, K.
name: Dogan, P.
name: Ruske, F.
name: Gorka, B.
name: Gall, S.
name: Rech, B.
name: Hüpkes, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2261-2264
description: In this study, the structural properties of poly-Si films formed on ZnO:Al coated glass substrates by
aluminum-induced crystallization are discussed. The poly-Si films formed on ZnO:Al coated glass consist of a highquality
material. From XRD results the percentage of (400) and (511) orientation of poly-Si film on ZnO:Al coated glass
is 48 % and 23 %, respectively. The more defective regions (35% of the total area) are related to underlying grains with
orientations towards no preferential (100) orientation. Moreover circular etch pits which are within less defective grains
are characteristic of Si (100) dislocations. The first solar cell on ZnO:Al coated glass was fabricated and achieved a VOC
of 389 mV, a JSC of 8.9 mA/cm2 and an efficiency of 2 %. This first solar cells result show that a application of ZnO:Al
layer for making poly-Si thin film solar cells should be promising and an appealing option.
Patterns of Strong Coupling for LHC Searches
Creators: name: Liu, Da
name: Pomarol, Alex
name: Rattazzi, Riccardo
name: Riva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though the Standard Model (SM) is weakly coupled at the Fermi scale, a new strong dynamics involving its degrees of freedom may conceivably lurk at slightly higher energies, in the multi TeV range. Approximate symmetries provide a structurally robust context where, within the low energy description, the dimensionless SM couplings are weak, while the new strong dynamics manifests itself exclusively through higher-derivative interactions. We present an exhaustive classification of such scenarios in the form of effective field theories, paying special attention to new classes of models where the strong dynamics involves, along with the Higgs boson, the SM gauge bosons and/or the fermions. The IR softness of the new dynamics suppresses its effects at LEP energies, but deviations are in principle detectable at the LHC, even at energies below the threshold for production of new states. Our construction provides the so far unique structurally robust context where to motivate several searches in Higgs physics, diboson production, or WW scattering, which were so far poorly justified. Perhaps surprisingly, the interplay between weak coupling, strong coupling and derivatives, which is controlled by symmetries, can override the naive expansion in operator dimension, providing instances where dimension-8 dominates dimension-6, well within the domain of validity of the low energy effective theory. This result reveals the limitations of an analysis that is both ambitiously general and restricted to dimension-6 operators.
description: 37 pages, 1 figure
Waste Treatment and Reclamation of Reusable Materials in Manufacturing of cSi PV Wafers
Creators: name: Berndt, R.
name: Ruth, J.
name: Waters, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1379-1381
description: The reclaim and reuse of materials in PV wafer manufacturing increasingly becomes a key to cost
reduction. It is more or less individually exercised by the manufacturers, depending on the level of development, the
scale of production and the local prices and environmental regulations. This paper lists potential and actual
contributions to reclaim and recycling in cSi PV wafer manufacturing and analyzes technical solutions as well as
economic figures.
Most important among those contributions is process water reuse for ingot shaping. It helps to improve the ingot
quality, to reduce cost for water and wastewater, to increase the productivity of saws and grinders, to prepare silicon
reuse, and to meet environmental discharge regulations. Further materials to be reclaimed and reused are PEG and
SiC from spent sawing slurries and spent rinse water after wafer cutting, and Si debris. The pay off period of
investment costs for such reclaim technologies range from 1.3 years to 2.5 years, depending on scale of production
and local price conditions.
Integrated process water/wastewater treatment strategies already common in the semiconductor industry will gain
momentum. They are inevitable for more efficient water supply and reuse of water in the production of PV wafers
and allow the usage of high quality water.
Control of Life-Cycle Emissions from Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Manufacturing
Creators: name: De Wild-Scholten, M.
name: Schottler, M.
name: Schlüter, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1393-1395
description: Reduction of life-cycle emissions are needed to improve the environmental profile of silicon photovoltaics. Most
emissions are indirect via upstream processes and can be reduced for example by lowering the energy consumption for
silicon feedstock and wafer production. The direct emissions from solar cell manufacturing must be reduced by
implementing abatement strategies.
Structural and antiferromagnetic properties of Ba(Fe$_{1-x-y}$Co$_x$Rh$_y$)$_2$As$_2$ compounds
Creators: name: Kim, M. G.
name: Heitmann, T. W.
name: Mulcahy, S. R.
name: Bourret-Courchesne, E. D.
name: Birgeneau, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic investigation of the electrical, structural, and antiferromagnetic properties for the series of Ba(Fe$_{1-x-y}$Co$_{x}$Rh$_{y}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ compounds with fixed $x \approx$ 0.027 and $ 0 \leq y \leq 0.035$. We compare our results for the Co-Rh doped Ba(Fe$_{1-x-y}$Co$_{x}$Rh$_{y}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ compounds with the Co doped Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ compounds. We demonstrate that the electrical, structural, antiferromangetic, and superconducting properties of the Co-Rh doped compounds are similar to the properties of the Co doped compounds. We find that the overall behaviors of Ba(Fe$_{1-x-y}$Co$_{x}$Rh$_{y}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ compounds are very similar when the total number of extra electrons per Fe/$TM$ ($TM$ = transition metal) site is considered, which is consistent with the rigid band model. Despite the similarity, we find that the details of the transitions, for example, the temperature difference between the structural and antiferromagnetic transition temperatures and the incommensurability of the antiferromangetic peaks, are different between Ba(Fe$_{1-x-y}$Co$_{x}$Rh$_{y}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ compounds.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Potential Induced Degradation of Solar Cells and Panels
Creators: name: Berghold, J.
name: Frank, O.
name: Hoehne, H.
name: Pingel, S.
name: Richardson, B.
name: Winkler, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3753-3759
description: This paper is focusing on Potential Induced Degradation (PID) of wafer based standard p-type
silicon technology once exposed to external potentials in the field. Test setups are presented for simulation of the
PID in the lab and the influence of cell properties on PID is demonstrated in order to reveal the cell being the
precondition for the PID. However, the solar cells need to be exposed to High Voltage Stress (HVS) caused by a
negative potential relative to ground in order to potentially cause any relevant PID in the field within the 25 years
life time of a solar panel. Besides the key parameters on cell level the paper is also presenting options on panel
and system level in order to prevent PID and therefore to further decrease overall degradation rates of PV
systems. Moreover, the impact of climatic conditions as temperature and humidity on the extent of PID was also
investigated and results are presented in the paper.
The Perspectives of Democratic Decision-Making in the Information Society
Creators: name: Winkel, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to structure the debate on the democratic potentials of digital information technology Hubertus Buchstein in 1996 created three ideal types, net optimism, net pessimism and net neutrality. In this study the viability of these positions is put under scrutiny from a current viewpoint.
description: 16 pages in IJCSIT Vol 8, No 2, April 2016
Swing Amplification of Galactic Spiral Arms: Phase Synchronization of Stellar Epicycle Motion
Creators: name: Michikoshi, Shugo
name: Kokubo, Eiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the swing amplification model of galactic spiral arms proposed by Toomre (1981). We describe the derivation of the perturbation equation in detail and investigate the amplification process of stellar spirals. We find that the elementary process of the swing amplification is the phase synchronization of the stellar epicycle motion. Regardless of the initial epicycle phase, the epicycle phases of stars in a spiral are synchronized during the amplification. Based on the phase synchronization, we explain the dependence of the pitch angle of spirals on the epicycle frequency. We find the most amplified spiral mode and calculate its pitch angle, wavelengths, and amplification factor, which are consistent with those obtained by the more rigorous model based on the Boltzmann equation by Julian and Toomre (1966).
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Performance Assessment of a Simulation Model for PV Modules of Any Available Technology
Creators: name: Mermoud, A.
name: Lejeune, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4786-4791
description: From long-term detailed measurements of several PV modules of all commercialized technologies, this
work aims to analyze the results of the “standard” one-diode model, and suggests some modifications for improving it,
especially for amorphous, microcrystalline and CdTe modules. We found that for any module an exponential behaviour
of the shunt resistance parameter should be taken into account. We identified two other corrections (recombination losses
and spectral correction) in order to improve the modelling of amorphous technology modules. These improvements have
been implemented in the PVsyst software developed at the University of Geneva.
Towards a Deeper Understanding of ZnO:Al Electrical and Optical Properties
Creators: name: Charpentier, C.
name: Prod'homme, P.
name: García-Caurel, E.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 528-532
description: ZnO:Al films have been deposited by RF magnetron sputtering by varying deposition parameters in
order to obtain a wide range of charge carrier concentration. The electrical transport processes have been then studied
by Hall effect measurements of temperature-dependent charge carrier concentrations and mobilities. Two behaviours
have been observed depending on the charge carrier concentration and described by two different models. For the
lowest charge carrier concentration, the values of the trap density and mobility inside the grains are given by the Seto
model. For charge carrier concentrations higher than 2.5.1020cm-3, scattering by ionized impurities and by lattice
vibrations are taken into account in a second model, with a different weight for each of these scattering processes
depending on charge carrier density. The electrical properties have been then correlated with optical parameters
determined from FTIR polarimetry, using the Drude model. The differences between the optical and hall mobility
values is consistant with the two electrical transport behaviours previously determined. The influence of the optical
measurement range on the accuracy of the determination of the electron effective mass has been studied by
comparison of data obtained with FTIR polarimetry in the mid-infrared and Spectrophotometry in the near-infrared.
$N^*$ Resonances in Lattice QCD from (mostly) Low to (sometimes) High Virtualities
Creators: name: Richards, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a survey of calculations of the excited $N^*$ spectrum in lattice QCD. I then describe recent advances aimed at extracting the momentum-dependent phase shifts from lattice calculations, notably in the meson sector, and the potential for their application to baryons. I conclude with a discussion of calculations of the electromagnetic transition form factors to excited nucleons, including calculations at high $Q^2$.
description: 9 pages, invited talk at workshop "Nucleon Resonances: from Photoproduction to High Photon Virtualities", ECT*, Trento, Italy, 12-16 October, 2015
Transport and Recombination in Solar Cells, New Boundary Conditions and Perspectives
Creators: name: Velázquez-Pérez, J.E.
name: Gurevich, Y.G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 539-544
description: The functioning of the solar cells relies on the photo-generation of carriers in p–n junctions and their
subsequent recombination in the quasi-neutral regions. A number of basic issues concerning the physics of the
operation of solar cells still remain obscure. This paper reports on some unsolved basic problems, namely: a model of
the recombination processes that does not contradict Maxwell’s equations; the role played by space charges in the
transport phenomena, and the formation of quasi-neutral regions under the presence of nonequilibrium photogenerated
carriers. In this work, a new formulation of the theory that explains the underlying physical phenomena
involved in the generation of a photo-e.m.f. is presented. Additionally, boundary conditions to be employed when
solving the transport set of equations are presented and discussed. Finally, the new expression for the dark currentvoltage
characteristic of a p-n diode solar cell is derived.
Structural and Electrical Properties of Hafnium-Doped Multi-Crystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Bellmann, M.P.
name: Kaden, T.
name: Nordmark, H.
name: Möller, H.J.
name: Arnberg, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 554-557
description: In this paper experimental results on the structural and electronic properties of intentionally hafniumdoped
multi-crystalline silicon grown by the vertical Bridgman technique presented. The structure and distribution of
the introduced hafnium precipitates as well the bulk area is analyzed by means of transmission electron microscopy
and the chemical composition by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The charge carrier lifetime of the material
was obtained by measuring the microwave photo conductance decay and the surface photo voltage of the material.
Highly dislocated areas and dislocation networks were found close to the HfSi2 precipitates hindering the
movement of dislocations. However the measured charge carrier lifetimes are low for the doped and the reference
material.
Sexual harassment in higher education: a feminist poststructuralist approach
Creators: name: Clarke, Helen
Publisher: name: University of Derby
Year: 2012
Subjects: Foucault
Sexual violence
Liberal feminism
Higher education

description: his study focuses upon the relatively unexplored area of sexual harassment in British universities. In sum, the thesis suggests that although MacKinnon's (2004) aim is to enable women to feel more powerful and less stigmatised, the contribution of feminist harassment discourses may, in part, generate in some women an understanding of powerlessness and vulnerability. In particular, it suggests seemingly prevailing discourses surrounding sexual harassment in higher education and considers if and how the women interviewed define themselves through these discourses. Thus, by exploring the power effects of and resistances to these suggested prevailing discourses, it is possible to infer the degree to which these discourses may have constituted the participants' subjectivities. Further, the thesis argues that feminist harassment discourses may have generated specific effects of power with regard to my participants. That is to say, many of my participants seem to understand sexual harassment as exploitative behaviours rooted in the unequal distribution of ascribed power in higher education. Feminism's understanding of power as a static and gendered appears to have generated for the participants, at least in part, the understanding that sex at work is used to humiliate and degrade women, maintaining and reproducing ascribed notions of power. For this research, twenty-four unstructured interviews were carried out with women who had identified themselves as having experienced sexual harassment within higher education, either as a student or a member of staff, or who had witnessed events they had defined as sexual harassment. This was a passionately interested form of inquiry, recognising the partial nature of knowledge and identifying my political positionings (Gill 1995; Aranda 2006). The analysis is Foucauldian oriented, understanding power as fluid - rather than possessed - and as generating particular ways of being. In addition, although it notes that the participants did resists specific effects of power, this resistance always takes place from a new point of power and does not, therefore, carry us beyond power into a power free space. The prevailing discourses suggested from my data are: the 'grades for sex' discourse; the 'all boys together' discourse; the 'trustworthy lecturer' discourse; the 'knickers in a twist' discourse; and the 'sexual harassment as unwanted sexual behaviour' discourse
Thin Film Silicon for Solar Cell Application Grown from Liquid Phase on Metallurgical Grade Silicon
Creators: name: Svavarsson, H.G.
name: Danielsson, D.M.
name: Gudmundsson, J.T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2221-2223
description: Liquid phase epitaxy was applied to grow roughly 10 μm thick n-type polycrystalline silicon film on
p-type metallurgical grade (MG) silicon substrate at 900° C in gallium/indium solution. GaAs, dissolved in the melt,
served as an arsenic donor source for the as-grown film. The carrier concentration of both the substrate and the asgrown
film was 1 × 1018 cm−3 which is too high for practical photovoltaic applications. A post growth exposure to
hydrogen plasma lowered the carrier concentration at the p-n junction by an order of magnitude, resulting in
functional photovoltaic devices with an open circuit voltage VOC of up to 480 mV. A morphology study, carried out
by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope, revealed grain size in the range 1 – 3 mm, reflecting
the grain size of the substrate. Our result indicates that usable solar-cells may be prepared from unmodified MG
silicon without the costly need of recrystallisation for purification.
Solar Cell Production Using UMG Silicon
Creators: name: Prettyman, K.
name: Pfeiffer, G.
name: Krause, R.
name: Hovel, H.
name: Paufve, S.
name: Haverkamp, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1333-1337
description: Materials studies and solar cells made from various blends of UMG (Upgraded Metallurgical Grade)
Silicon are compared with a reference Solar (PV) grade in terms of efficiencies, voltages, currents, diffusion lengths,
minority carrier lifetimes and compositions. The UMG material used in this study performed unexpectedly well
when used in cells manufactured both in a lab environment and on a commercial PV line. The limited number of
cells of each composition does not support a full statistical analysis. However, in comparing solar efficiencies, it is
clear that a relatively minor delta exists between UMG blends and the particular PV grade material used in this study.
That delta is between zero and 0.5 percentage points. Preliminary, non-optimized gettering studies were also
performed and indicate that it should be possible to improve the baseline UMG material with the goal of performance
equivalent to PV grade. It is recognized that all UMG materials on the market are not identical and that material
specifications have wide variation, if any exist at all from any particular material source. Results in this study could
be different depending on where UMG material is obtained and its respective elemental and material analysis.
Software for calculations of the Higgs boson lineshape in future lepton colliders
Creators: name: Jadach, S.
name: Kycia, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simple software for Monte Carlo(MC) calculation of the Higgs boson lineshape and its beam broadening effect by the beam energy dispersion was described. The software bases on FOAM [4] adaptive MC integrator from ROOT library [2]. The software is intended for those who want to reproduce results from paper [3] and experiment with different parameters for the lineshapes and QCD correction factors. Parallel version of the software based on MPI [10] is also described.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Solid Phase Crystallized Silicon Thin Films Deposited by High Rate Electron Beam Evaporation: Improved Structural and Electrical Properties
Creators: name: Secouard, C.
name: Ducros, C.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
name: Duffar, T.
name: Gorka, B.
name: Focsa, A.
name: Sanchette, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2236-2241
description: Structural and electrical properties of solid-phase crystallized amorphous silicon thin films were
studied. Silicon layers were deposited onto silicon nitride coated glass substrates by high rate electron beam
evaporation. Structure of the films was analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron spectroscopy
and electron backscattered diffraction. Amorphous films deposited at 425 °C substrate temperature exhibit enhanced
crystallization kinetics, due to optimal medium-range order. Structural investigations carried out on fully crystallized
films also revealed larger grain size in these samples, indicating an enhanced growth rate. Electrical properties of the
polycrystalline silicon thin films were studied through Hall Effect resistivity and Suns-VOC measurements on mesa
diodes. Rapid thermal annealing and hydrogen passivation treatments leaded to significant improvement of the
electronic quality of the polycrystalline silicon layers studied in this work with VOC measured on mesa diodes rising
from ~130 to 260 mV.
High-Confidence Prediction of Energy Production from High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Rose, D.
name: Koehler, O.
name: Bourne, B.
name: Kavulak, D.
name: Nelson, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3790-3802
description: This paper discusses four interrelated topics regarding energy production from photovoltaic systems
and prediction of that energy production. Together these topics support high kWh/kWp performance of SunPower
modules and accurate prediction of that performance across a wide range of applications. The first topic is an
analysis of attributes which influence energy production from SunPower modules relative to other technologies.
Differences which contribute to high kWh/kWp include reduced operating temperature resulting from high efficiency
and infrared reflectance and transmittance, a power temperature coefficient of -0.38%/°C, no light-induced
degradation, and increased efficiency at high air-mass; these benefits are partially offset by the effect of a low module
series resistance. Low yearly degradation is expected to further increase the kWh/kWp advantage. Second, a metaanalysis
of 10 independent field studies was conducted and the methodology for the analysis is discussed; the results
support the physics-based estimate of kWh/kWp advantage vs. standard c-Si and thin films. Third, a description of
the SunPower approach to simulation for energy prediction is provided, with results showing a standard deviation in
the error of the energy prediction across a broad range of mounting conditions and locations to be l.3%. Lastly, some
of the commercial energy prediction models are discussed.
Origin of the kink in the band dispersion of the ferromagnetic perovskite SrRuO3: Electron-phonon coupling
Creators: name: Yang, H. F.
name: Liu, Z. T.
name: Fan, C. C.
name: Yao, Q.
name: Xiang, P.
name: Zhang, K. L.
name: Li, M. Y.
name: Li, H.
name: Liu, J. S.
name: Shen, D. W.
name: Jiang, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perovskite SrRuO3, a prototypical conductive ferromagnetic oxide, exhibits a kink in its band dispersion signalling the unusual electron dynamics therein. However, the origin of this kink remains elusive. By taking advantage of the combo of reactive molecular beam epitaxy and in situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we systematically studied the evolution of the low-energy electronic structure of SrRuO3 films with thickness thinning down to nearly two-dimensional limit in a well-controlled way. The kink structure persists even in the 4-unit-cell-thick film. Moreover, through quantitative self-energy analysis, we observed the negligible thickness dependence of the binding energy of the kink, which is in sharp contrast to the downward trend of the Curie temperature with reducing the film thickness. Together with previously reported transport and Raman studies, this finding suggests that the kink of perovskite SrRuO3 should originate from the electron-phonon coupling rather than magnetic collective modes, and the in-plane phonons may play a dominant role. Considering such a kink structure of SrRuO3 is similar to these of many other correlated oxides, we suggest the possible ubiquity of the coupling of electrons to oxygen-related phonons in correlated oxides.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Diffusion and transport in locally disordered driven lattices
Creators: name: Wulf, Thomas
name: Okupnik, Alexander
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of disorder on the particle density evolution in a classical Hamiltonian driven lattice setup. If the disorder is localized within a finite sub-domain of the lattice, the emergence of strong tails in the density distribution which even increases towards larger positions is shown, thus yielding a highly non Gaussian particle density evolution. As the key underlying mechanism we identify the conversion between different components of the unperturbed systems mixed phase space which is induced by the disorder. Based on the introduction of individual conversion rates between chaotic and regular components, a theoretical model is developed which correctly predicts the scaling of the particle density. The effect of disorder on the transport properties is studied where a significant enhancement of the transport for cases of localized disorder is shown, thereby contrasting strongly the merely weak modification of transport for global disorder.
Radiation and Dynamics of Nanoparticle in Equilibrium Background Radiation upon Translational-Rotational Motion
Creators: name: Dedkov, G. V.
name: Kyasov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained general expressions for the intensity of radiation and tangential force of a small polarizable particle in the process of translational-rotational motion in equilibrium radiation background (thermalized photon gas) of certain temperature at an arbitrary relative orientation of the linear and angular velocity vectors. It is shown that in cold vacuum background the translational velocity of particle is independent of time and the intensity of its spontaneous emission is determined by the angular velocity and imaginary part of the polarizability.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Absorption Profile Remodulation in Silicon Solar Cells by Means of Digital Plasmonic Gratings
Creators: name: Sammito, D.
name: Zilio, P.
name: Zacco, G.
name: Romanato, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 513-516
description: The EM field distribution generated by the interaction of light with nanostructured metallic gratings
placed on top of a Silicon substrate has been calculated through numerical and analytical simulations. We identified
the optical resonances that such gratings can show. We associated them with their relative absorption profile
penetration depth so that different resonances can be exploited for cells with different thicknesses in order to enhance
absorption in the IR part of the solar spectrum. In particular Extraordinary Optical Transmission phenomenon
coupled to excitation of grazing diffraction orders has been evaluated as light trapping method.
Efficiency Enhancement in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells with a Photonic Lattice
Creators: name: Zanotto, S.
name: Liscidini, M.
name: Andreani, L.C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 517-519
description: We present a theoretical study of amorphous and crystalline thin-film solar cells with a periodic pattern
on a sub-micron scale realized in the silicon layer and filled with silicon dioxide right below a properly designed
antireflection coating. The study and optimization of the PV structure as a function of all the photonic crystals
parameters allows to identify the different roles of the periodic pattern and of the etching depth in determining an
increase of the absorption. From one side, the photonic crystal acts as an impendence matching layer, thus
minimizing reflection of incident light over a particularly wide range of frequencies. Moreover a strong absorption
enhancement is observed when the incident light is coupled into the quasi guided modes of the photonic slab. We
compare the efficiency of this structure to that of PV cells characterized by the sole antireflection coating. We found
a substantial increase of the short-circuit current when the parameters are properly optimized, demonstrating the
advantage of a wavelength-scale, photonic-crystal based approach.
Characterization of Light Sources with Absolute Cavity Radiometers for Indoor Reference Solar Cell Calibration Methods
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Outón, I.
name: Balenzategui, J.L.
name: Fabero, F.
name: Chenlo, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 549-553
description: Calibration methods for reference solar cells require measuring the absolute (integrated) irradiance by
using standards traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR) scale, as absolute cavity radiometers. These are
also suitable for the characterization of laboratory light sources and then adequate for the implementation of indoor
primary calibration methods. The different factors influencing the accuracy of measurements of direct irradiance
based on absolute cavity radiometers performed indoors, when using light sources of different intensity, size and
shape, and different geometrical or spatial distributions, will be analyzed in this work. The general sketch of the
procedures for indoor calibration of reference solar cells proposed as to be implemented in our laboratory is also
depicted.
On the emission of the fast $δ-$electrons during nuclear $β^{-}$-decay in few-electron atoms
Creators: name: Frolov, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a possibility to observe fast secondary electrons ($δ-$electrons) during nuclear $β^{-}$-decay in few-electron atoms and ions. Formulas for the corresponding probabilities and explicit expression for the energy spectrum of $δ-$electrons are derived in the closed analytical forms.
Modular invariant inflation
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Nitta, Daisuke
name: Urakawa, Yuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modular invariance is a striking symmetry in string theory, which may keep stringy corrections under control. In this paper, we investigate a phenomenological consequence of the modular invariance, assuming that this symmetry is preserved as well as in a four dimensional (4D) low energy effective field theory. As a concrete setup, we consider a modulus field $T$ whose contribution in the 4D effective field theory remains invariant under the modular transformation and study inflation drived by $T$. The modular invariance restricts a possible form of the scalar potenntial. As a result, large field models of inflation are hardly realized. Meanwhile, a small field model of inflation can be still accomodated in this restricted setup. The scalar potential traced during the slow-roll inflation mimics the hilltop potential $V_{ht}$, but it also has a non-negligible deviation from $V_{ht}$. Detecting the primordial gravitational waves predicted in this model is rather challenging. Yet, we argue that it may be still possible to falsify this model by combining the information in the reheating process which can be determined self-completely in this setup.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Intrinsic bottom and its impact on heavy new physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Lyonnet, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) play an important role in several Standard Model and New Physics processes. Most analyses rely on the assumption that the charm and bottom PDFs are generated perturbatively by gluon splitting and do not involve any non-perturbative degrees of freedom. On the other hand, non- perturbative, intrinsic heavy quark parton distributions have been predicted in the literature. We demonstrate that to a very good approximation the scale-evolution of the intrinsic heavy quark content of the nucleon is governed by non-singlet evolution equations. This allows to analyze the intrinsic heavy quark distributions without having to resort to a full-fledged global analysis of parton distribution functions. We exploit this freedom to model intrinsic bottom distributions which are so far missing in the literature. We estimate the impact of the non-perturbative contribution to the charm and bottom-quark PDFs and on several important parton-parton luminosities at the LHC.
description: 6 pages, proceedings of POETIC VI: 6th International conference on Physics Opportunities at Electron-Ion collider. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1507.08935
MAiA® Production Tools – Results from Passivation Layer Deposition
Creators: name: Decker, D.
name: Böhme, R.
name: Schlemm, H.
name: Köhler, G.
name: Grimm, M.
name: Geyer, B.
name: Keipert-Colberg, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1365-1368
description: The potential of MAiA®-3XXL production tools for improved rear side passivation using a SiOx/SiNx
layer stack has been demonstrated: Surface recombination velocities of the minority charge carriers of less than 125
cm·s-1 can be achieved on high quality crystalline silicon wafers. The application of the SiOx/SiNx stack for the rear
passivation of multi crystalline solar cell wafers is currently under optimization. The stack deposition via MAiA® is
integrated in a semi-industrial process sequence which is presented. For future integration concepts in advanced solar
cell manufacturing the 1st as well as the 2nd generation of the MAiA® tool platforms themselves are flexible in their
chamber configuration, and in the integration of advanced processes.
Hydrodynamics of the Physical Vacuum: II. Vorticity dynamics
Creators: name: Sbitnev, Valeriy I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical vacuum is a special superfluid medium populated by enormous amount of virtual particle-antiparticle pairs. Its motion is described by the modified Navier-Stokes equation: (a)~the pressure gradient divided by the mass density is replaced by the gradient from the quantum potential; (b)~time-averaged the viscosity vanishes, but its variance is not zero. Vortex structures arising in this medium show infinitely long lifetime owing to zero average viscosity. The nonzero variance is conditioned by exchanging the vortex energy with zero-point vacuum fluctuations. The vortex has a non-zero core where the orbital speed vanishes. The speed reaches a maximal value on the core wall and further it decreases monotonically. The vortex trembles around some average value and possesses by infinite life time. The vortex ball resulting from topological transformation of the vortex ring is considered as a model of a particle with spin. Anomalous magnetic moment of electron is computed.
description: Revised e-print 1504.07497v1, 11 pages, 10 figures, (Foundations of Physics, in press)
title: Freezing rooted cluster morphisms and pro-cluster algebras
Creators: name: Wierzbicki, Damian
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: We provide a new tool for studying cluster algebras by introducing a new category fClus of rooted cluster algebras. We characterize isomorphisms in our new category and show that it is neither complete nor cocomplete. We give a recipe for constructing morphisms in fClus with an interesting geometric interpretation and study the corresponding inverse systems. We define and study a new family of algebras, called pro-cluster algebras, with clusterlike combinatorics. The pro-cluster algebras are generated inside inverse limits of inverse systems in the category fClus. Initially, the generators of a pro-cluster algebra are grouped into certain subsets, called pro-clusters, of an inverse limit. In this new setting pro-clusters take the role of clusters and we construct pro-cluster algebras which are modelled by the combinatorics of infinitely marked surfaces and prove that all triangulations of those surfaces arise as pro-clusters.
How People Pay for Health Care in the United States: A practical guide for those with and without health insurance
Creators: name: West, Suzanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420306
subject: Health care administration
classificationCode: 420309
subject: Health management
classificationCode: 420311
subject: Health systems

description: This guide provides information for Americans who have health insurance from commercial insurers like UnitedHealthCare and Blue Cross and Blue Shield, and those who are on Medicare or Medicaid. It also provides information on how Americans can access medical care if they do not have health insurance.The guide defines important words like premium, deductible, copayments, and the explanation of benefits from health insurers. It also helps you understand your own health insurance or other insurance plans you may have heard about. The guide can help you manage the costs of your health care and:Answers some common questions and concerns about health insurance and medical careGives you ways to save money and get the medical care you needDefines important insurance terms and makes information easy to find and followExplains insurance and health care in a way that is easy to read and understandHelps you gather and organize information you may need in the future.
Non uniform fast fourier transform technique to estimate the Stokes spectra for a fiber optic spectral polarimetry instrument
Creators: name: Enuganti, Prahlad Rao
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Optical coherence tomography
Stokes spectra
Fiber optic spectral polarimetry instrument
Non uniform fast fourier transform

description: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an interferometric, noninvasive and noncontact imaging technology that can image biological tissues at micrometer-scale resolutions [1]. OCT detects the interference signal between back-reflected probe light and reference light passing through an interferometer. Unlike sound waves, light as a transverse wave has a polarization property that can be used to enhance contrast via Polarization Sensitive OCT (PS-OCT). The polarization state of a light field can always be completely characterized by a Stokes Vector. In the case of a fiber-optic spectral polarimetry instrument [2], output intensity is a superposition of the four Stokes spectra modulated at different carrier frequencies dependent on phase retardations in polarization maintaining (PM) fiber segments. A simple Fourier transform of the output intensity isolates each Stokes spectral component in the time-delay or optical path length difference domain. The carrier frequency of each Stokes spectral component scales with the length of PM fiber segments and if their lengths are too short, the Stokes parameter components with different carrier frequencies overlap in the optical path length difference domain and cannot be demodulated. During the course of this study, several approaches were studied to tackle the problem of demodulating the Stokes parameters when interfering with each other. The results of the experiments performed using the various methods presented in chapter 4 suggest that the Non uniform fast Fourier transform provides the best result and shows most promise for estimating the Stokes spectra of FOSPI data