cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kinematics and Chemistry of the Hot Molecular Core in G34.26+0.15 at High Resolution
Creators: name: Mookerjea, B.
name: Casper, E.
name: Mundy, L. G.
name: Looney, L. W.
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We present high angular resolution (~ 1") multi-tracer spectral line observations toward the hot core associated with G34.26+0.15 between 87--109 GHz. We have mapped emission from (i) complex nitrogen- and oxygen-rich molecules like CH3OH, HC3N, C2H5CN, NH2CHO, CH3OCH3, HCOOCH3; (ii) sulfur-bearing molecules like OCS, SO and SO2; and (iii) the recombination line H53 beta. The high angular resolution enables us to directly probe the hot molecular core associated with G34.26+0.15 at spatial scales of 0.018 pc. At this resolution we find no evidence for the hot core being internally heated. The continuum peak detected at lambda=2.8 mm is consistent with the free-free emission from component C of the ultracompact H II region. Velocity structure and morphology outlined by the different tracers suggest that the hot core is primarily energized by component C. Emission from the N- and O-bearing molecules peak at different positions within the innermost regions of the core; none is coincident with the continuum peak. Based on the brightness temperatures of optically thick lines in our sample, we estimate the kinetic temperature of the inner regions of the HMC to be 160+-30 K. Comparison of the observed abundances of the different species in G34.26+0.15 with existing models does not produce a consistent picture.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Development of a Burkholderia Bacterial Host for Natural Product Discovery and Production
Creators: name: Kunakom, Sylvia
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Burkholderia bacteria are multifaceted organisms that are found in diverse ecological environments. They have emerged as a promising source of natural products with applications in medicine and agriculture. However, a challenge of working with Burkholderia strains is that many are pathogenic to animals or plants and some are hard-to-culture symbionts. Heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) provide an opportunity to streamline and accelerate natural product discovery and production. My dissertation focuses on the development of a Burkholderia host, strain FERM BP-3421, as a platform to facilitate natural product discovery and production. The aims of my dissertation are to 1) test our host with model biosynthetic gene clusters, 2) apply our host to discover unknown natural products, and 3) gain a deeper understanding of our host through multi-omic approaches. As a proof-of-concept, we chose to express a lasso peptide BGC encoding the biosynthesis of capistruin. Our results demonstrate that our host, strain FERM BP-3421, can produce the model lasso peptide capistruin at up to 580 times more than the previously reported E. coli host. We next apply this host in genome mining efforts towards natural product discovery from Burkholderia sources. Lastly, we present the complete genome of FERM BP-3421, connect genomic and metabolomic information, and elucidate the methylome. We envision that FERM BP-3421 will serve as a good alternative to existing hosts towards discovery and production of natural products from Burkholderia bacteria.
Il brigantaggio nel Mezzogiorno dell'osso: l'area del Pollino
Creators: name: Palazzo, Daniele
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Il brigantaggio post-unitario ha suscitato, sin dal suo comparire, l'attenzione dei contemporanei che ne diedero una lettura complessa e articolata. Partendo dall'analisi delle opere dei contemporanei, che spesso anticipano successivi indirizzi storiografici, la prima parte di questa ricerca ripercorre criticamente le interpretazioni del brigantaggio dal 1861 agli sviluppi odierni della storiografia.
La seconda sezione, divisa in tre capitoli, invece, riconoscendo l'importanza dello studio di casi locali, analizza il brigantaggio nel Pollino lucano, dove tra il 1862 e il 1865 operò soprattutto la banda Franco. L'analisi di fonti di polizia e soprattutto fonti giudiziarie ha permesso di ricostruire sia i legami lotte di potere locale e brigantaggio, sia i collegamenti tra quest'ultimo e le precedenti reazioni dell'ottobre del 1860. Le stesse fonti hanno dimostrato una certa lentezza dei tribunali ordinari nel dibattere le cause di brigantaggio. Si è  effettuato, quindi, un confronto tra i tempi della magistratura ordinaria e quella dei tribunali militari introdotti con la legge Pica. L'ultima parte dello studio è incentrata proprio sul funzionamento dei tribunali militari e propone un'analisi quantitativa sui processati per complicità con i briganti o per brigantaggio dai tribunali militari della Basilicata e della Calabria Citra in relazione ai reati della banda Franco.
A Combined EIS-NVSS Survey Of Radio Sources (CENSORS) III: Spectroscopic observations
Creators: name: Brookes, M. H.
name: Best, P. N.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Combined EIS-NVSS Survey Of Radio Sources (CENSORS) is a 1.4GHz radio survey selected from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) and complete to a flux-density of 7.2mJy. It targets the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS) Patch D, which is a 3 by 2 square degree field centred on 09 51 36.0, -21 00 00 (J2000). This paper presents the results of spectroscopic observations of 143 of the 150 CENSORS sources. The primary motivation for these observations is to achieve sufficient spectroscopic completeness so that the sample may be used to investigate the evolution of radio sources. The observations result in secure spectroscopic redshifts for 63% of the sample and likely redshifts (based on a single emission line, for example) for a further 8%. Following the identification of the quasars and star-forming galaxies in the CENSORS sample, estimated redshifts are calculated for the remainder of the sample via the K-z relation for radio galaxies. Comparison of the redshift distribution of the CENSORS radio sources to distributions predicted by the various radio luminosity function evolution models of Dunlop & Peacock 1990, results in no good match. This demonstrates that this sample can be used to expand upon previous work in that field.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. This version has some reduced resolution figures and 13 associated gif files. A version with all figures incorporated (at full resolution) is available at http://www.roe.ac.uk/~pnb/papers/censors_spectro.pdf
Cascade Superfluorescence in Er:YLF
Creators: name: Chiossi, Federico
name: Braggio, Caterina
name: Khanbekyan, Alen
name: Carugno, Giovanni
name: Ortolan, Antonello
name: Ruoso, Giuseppe
name: Calabrese, Roberto
name: Di Lieto, Alberto
name: Tomassetti, Luca
name: Tonelli, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the analysis of paired photon pulses arising from two cascading transitions in continuously pumped Erbium-doped YLiF$_4$ 1% and 0.01% crystals at 1.6 K. The dependence of the pulse peak intensity on the squared number of involved Erbium ions, between 10$^{11}$ and 10$^{13}$, definitely identifies the cooperative nature of the two pulsed emissions, that are generated by the subsequent, spontaneous formation of coherent states. The observed fluctuations of the time interval between the paired pulses and, most importantly, its correlation with the second pulse duration, demonstrate that the Erbium ions coherence is indeed seeded by vacuum fluctuations.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of integrated implosion targets from simulated small-angle pinhole images
Creators: name: Li, Shijian
name: Wang, Qiangqiang
name: Wei, Xian
name: Cao, Zhurong
name: Zhao, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To indirectly evaluate the asymmetry of the radiation drive under limited measurement conditions in inertial confinement fusion research, we have proposed an integral method to approximate the three-dimensional self-radiation distribution of the compressed plasma core using only four pinhole images from a single laser entrance hole at a maximum projection angle of 10°. The simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) that uses spatial constraints provided by the prior structural information and the central pinhole image is utilized in the simulation. The simulation results showed that the normalized mean square deviation between the original distribution and reconstruction results of the central radiation area of the simulated cavity was 0.4401, and the structural similarity of the cavity radiation distribution was 0.5566. Meanwhile, using more diagnostic holes could achieve better structural similarity and lower reconstruction error. In addition, the results indicated that our new proposed method could reconstruct the distribution of a compressed plasma core in a vacuum hohlraum with high accuracy.
description: 12 pages,11 figures
Quantum Bound States Around Black Holes
Creators: name: Grain, J.
name: Barrau, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics around black holes has shown to be one of the most fascinating fields of theoretical physics. It involves both general relativity and particle physics, opening new eras to establish the principles of unified theories. In this article, we show that quantum bound states with no classical equivalent -- as it can easily be seen at the dominant monopolar order -- should be formed around black holes for massive scalar particles. We qualitatively investigate some important physical consequences, in particular for the Hawking evaporation mechanism and the associated greybody factors.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Composite Polymer Electrolytes for Magnesium Batteries
Creators: name: Ramasubramonian Deivanayagam
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This dissertation presents the development of composite polymer electrolytes for magnesium batteries. Magnesium (Mg) batteries refer to a class of post-lithium-ion batteries that are slated to complement the role of lithium-ion batteries. With the high volumetric specific capacity of Mg-metal anode and its added safety aspects, it serves as an ideal candidate for developing the next generation battery system. Despite having been realized more than a decade ago, the Mg battery system needs significant improvements in the performance of the electrolyte and the cathode before it can be commercialized. The electrolytes developed to date do not have adequate voltage stabilities, and the cathodes have limited specific capacities. The limitation in electrolytes is particularly concerning because it also hinders the experimental identification of high-voltage cathode materials. The ones that do possess acceptable voltage stabilities have further complications such as (i) the need for a complicated synthesis procedure, (ii) the use of flammable organic solvents, and (iii) incompatibility with Mg-metal anode. Considering these difficulties, efforts were simultaneously put into developing polymer electrolytes. By eliminating flammable, passivating solvents from the electrolyte, it is possible to render the electrolyte compatible with Mg-metal anode and make it safer. However, the polymer electrolytes developed so far have shown only limited cyclability with Mg-metal anode. This work is aimed at developing a Mg-ion conducting polymer electrolyte that exhibits good cyclability with Mg-metal anode at room temperature in addition to a high ionic conductivity.
SGRs in nearby galaxies: rate, luminosity function and fraction among short GRBs
Creators: name: Ofek, Eran O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was suggested that some of the short-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) are giant flares of Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters (SGR) in nearby galaxies. To test this hypothesis, I have constructed a sample of 47 short GRBs, detected by the Inter-Planetary Network (IPN), for which the position is constrained by at least one annulus on the celestial sphere. For each burst, I have checked whether its IPN 3-sigma error region coincides with the apparent disk of one of 316 galaxies found within 20 Mpc. I find a single match of a GRB with M74, which could, however, be due to a chance coincidence. I estimate the IPN efficiency as a function of fluence and derive the galaxy sample completeness. I find that assuming there is a cut-off in the observed energy distribution of SGR flares at <10^47 erg, the fraction of SGRs among short GRBs is <16% (95% confidence). I estimate the number of active SGRs in each one of the galaxies in the sample, and combine it with the distances to these galaxies, the IPN efficiency, and the SGR flare energy distribution, to derive the rate of giant flares with energy above 4x10^46 erg. I find that the rate of such giant flares is about (0.4-5)x10^-4 yr^-1 per SGR. This rate is marginally consistent with the observed Galactic rate. Comparison of the Galactic rate with the inferred extragalactic rate implies a steepening of the flare energy distribution at <3x10^46 erg (95% confidence). Using the Galactic SGR flare rate, I set a lower limit of one percent on the fraction of SGR flares among short GRBs.
description: 8 pages, ApJ, accepted
Hamilton's Principle and Rankine-Hugoniot Conditions for General Motions of Mixtures
Creators: name: Gouin, Henri
name: Gavrilyuk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous papers, we have presented hyperbolic governing equations and jump conditions for barotropic fluid mixtures. Now we extend our results to the most general case of two-fluid conservative mixtures taking into account the entropies of components. We obtain governing equations for each component of the medium. This is not a system of conservation laws. Nevertheless, using Hamilton's principle we are able to obtain a complete set of Rankine-Hugoniot conditions. In particular, for the gas dynamics they coincide with classical jump conditions of conservation of momentum and energy. For the two-fluid case, the jump relations do not involve the conservation of the total momentum and the total energy.
description: Extended version of meccanica 34: 39-47, 1999
Breakup of the Fermi surface near the Mott transition in low-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Berthod, C.
name: Giamarchi, T.
name: Biermann, S.
name: Georges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Mott transition in weakly-coupled one-dimensional (1d) fermionic chains. Using a generalization of Dynamic Mean Field Theory, we show that the Mott gap is suppressed at some critical hopping $t_{\perp}^{c2}$. The transition from the 1d insulator to a 2d metal proceeds through an intermediate phase where the Fermi surface is broken into electron and hole pockets. The quasiparticle spectral weight is strongly anisotropic along the Fermi surface, both in the intermediate and metallic phases. We argue that such pockets would look like `arcs' in photoemission experiments.
description: REVTeX 4, 5 pages, 4 EPS figures. References added; problem with figure 4 fixed; typos corrected
Compensation, interstitial defects and ferromagnetism in diluted semiconductors
Creators: name: ~Bouzerar, Georges
name: Ziman, Timothy
name: Kudrnovský, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative theory for ferromagnetism in diluted III-V ferromagnetic semi-conductors in the presence of the two types of defects commonly supposed to be responsible for compensation: As anti-sites and Mn interstitials. In each case we reduce the description to that of an effective random Heisenberg model with exchange integrals between active magnetic impurities provided by ab initio calculation. The effective magnetic Hamiltonian is then solved by a semi-analytical method (locally self-consistent RPA), where disorder is treated exactly. Measured Curie temperatures are shown to be inconsistent with the hypothesis that As anti-sites provide the dominant mechanism for compensation. In contrast, if we assume that Mn interstitials are the main source for compensation, we obtain a very good agreement between the calculated Curie temperature and the measured values, in both as-grown and annealed samples.
Examining the weak cosmic censorship conjecture by gedanken experiments for an EMDA black hole
Creators: name: Ding, Hai-Feng
name: Zhai, Xiang-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the new version of the gedanken experiments proposed by Sorce and Wald, we investigate the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) for an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion (EMDA) black hole. Our result shows that no violations of WCCC can occur with the increase of the background solution parameters for this near-extremal EMDA black hole when the second order correction of the perturbations is taken into account. Namely, the near-extremal EMDA black hole cannot be over-charged or over-spun.
description: 13 pages, to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Cylindrical gravitational waves in expanding universes: Models for waves from compact sources
Creators: name: Gowdy, Robert H.
name: Edmonds, B. Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New boundary conditions are imposed on the familiar cylindrical gravitational wave vacuum spacetimes. The new spacetime family represents cylindrical waves in a flat expanding (Kasner) universe. Space sections are flat and nonconical where the waves have not reached and wave amplitudes fall off more rapidly than they do in Einstein-Rosen solutions, permitting a more regular null inifinity.
description: Minor corrections to references. A note added in proof
SALT2: using distant supernovae to improve the use of Type Ia supernovae as distance indicators
Creators: name: Guy, J.
name: Astier, P.
name: Baumont, S.
name: Hardin, D.
name: Pain, R.
name: Regnault, N.
name: Basa, S.
name: Carlberg, R. G.
name: Conley, A.
name: Fabbro, S.
name: Fouchez, D.
name: Hook, I. M.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Perrett, K.
name: Pritchet, C. J.
name: Rich, J.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Antilogus, P.
name: Aubourg, E.
name: Bazin, G.
name: Bronder, J.
name: Filiol, M.
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, N.
name: Ripoche, P.
name: Ruhlmann-Kleider, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an empirical model of Type Ia supernovae spectro-photometric evolution with time. The model is built using a large data set including light-curves and spectra of both nearby and distant supernovae, the latter being observed by the SNLS collaboration. We derive the average spectral sequence of Type Ia supernovae and their main variability components including a color variation law. The model allows us to measure distance moduli in the spectral range 2500-8000 A with calculable uncertainties, including those arising from variability of spectral features. Thanks to the use of high-redshift SNe to model the rest-frame UV spectral energy distribution, we are able to derive improved distance estimates for SNe Ia in the redshift range 0.8
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Data and source code available at : http://supernovae.in2p3.fr/~guy/salt/
From "See One" to "Do One": Medical Students' Cognitive Processing of Observed Clinical Encounters
Creators: name: Poeppelman, Rachel Stork
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Context: Medical trainees spend a significant amount of time observing more experienced clinicians, yet our understanding of how learners process these observations remains incomplete. While previous research on this topic focuses primarily on how learners process positive modeled behaviors, this exploratory study aims to investigate how medical students interpret the observation of a more experienced clinician modeling both positive and negative behaviors as well as how that interpretation influences their subsequent clinical performance. Methods: The authors conducted a video-based intervention with 11 medical students to investigate the effect of observing a mix of positive and negative modeled behaviors on taking a sexual history from a standardized patient. Using an interview methodology and constructive analytic approach, the authors explore the process of learning from clinical observations. Results: The results were organized in three stages of the observation learning process: 1) learner attention, 2) judgement of observed behavior and 3) learner application. Specifically, students focused their attention on negatively modeled behaviors, challenges specific to the task and how areas of their own personal development were accomplished. Students took a piecemeal approach to classifying behaviors as done well or poorly based on previous instruction, experience or perceived downstream effects. When applying their observations, students choose to copy, adapt or avoid modeled behaviors based on their classification of the behavior. Conclusions: Faculty can apply these findings to optimize learning from observation. Specifically, clinicians may consider identifying task-specific challenges and a student’s personal goals, which naturally draw the student’s attention, before a planned observation in order to develop a shared mental model. To frame debriefing of encounters, clinicians may consider the natural targets of learner attention, the challenges specific to learning from observation and the factors likely to influence judgement on observed behaviors identified in this work.
Accretion disks around naked singularities
Creators: name: Guo, Jun-Qi
name: Joshi, Pankaj S.
name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate here the thermal properties of accretion disks in a spacetime for some galactic density profiles in spherical symmetry. The matter distributions have a finite outer radius with a naked central singularity. The luminosities of the accretion disks for some density profile models are found to be higher than those for a Schwarzschild black hole of the same mass. The slopes for the luminosity distributions with respect to frequencies are significantly different, especially at higher frequencies, from that in the Schwarzschild black hole case. Such features may be used to distinguish black holes from naked singularities. The efficiencies for the conversion of the mass energy of the accreting gas into radiation and the strength of naked singularities are analyzed. The novel feature that we find is, the strength of the singularity is different depending on the profiles considered, and the stronger the singularity is, the higher is the efficiency for the accretion disk.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Generalized bialgebras and triples of operads
Creators: name: Loday, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16A24, 16W30, 17A30, 18D50, 81R60

description: We introduce the notion of generalized bialgebra, which includes the classical notion of bialgebra (Hopf algebra) and many others. We prove that, under some mild conditions, a connected generalized bialgebra is completely determined by its primitive part. This structure theorem extends the classical Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem and the Cartier-Milnor-Moore theorem, valid for cocommutative bialgebras, to a large class of generalized bialgebras. Technically we work in the theory of operads which permits us to give a conceptual proof of our main theorem. It unifies several results, generalizing PBW and CMM, scattered in the literature. We treat many explicit examples and suggest a few conjectures.
description: Slight modification of the quotient triple proposition (3.1.1). Typos corrected. 110 pages
ความสำเร็จของรายการสารคดีของสถานีโทรทัศน์ NHK ประเทศญี่ปุ่น
Creators: name: กิตติมา ชาญวิชัย
Publisher: name: คณะบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2549
Subjects: ความสำเร็จ,รายการสารคดีโทรทัศน์,สถานีโทรทัศน์ NHK

description: 1, 1, วารสารบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร
Quantized current blockade and hydrodynamic correlations in biopolymer translocation through nanopores: evidence from multiscale simulations
Creators: name: Bernaschi, Massimo
name: Melchionna, Simone
name: Succi, Sauro
name: Fyta, Maria
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed description of biopolymer translocation through a nanopore in the presence of a solvent, using an innovative multi-scale methodology which treats the biopolymer at the microscopic scale as combined with a self-consistent mesoscopic description for the solvent fluid dynamics. We report evidence for quantized current blockade depending on the folding configuration and offer detailed information on the role of hydrodynamic correlations in speeding-up the translocation process.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Nano Letters
Life at the fringes of Canadian federal politics: the experience of minor parties and their candidates during the 1993 general election
Creators: name: Drukier, Cindy Carol
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis marks the first attempt to systematically study Canadian minor parties. Minor parties, as distinct from third parties, are those that acquire less than 5 percent of the national vote (usually much less than one percent) and have never sent an MP to Ottawa. We know little about parties as a group except that their numbers have steadily proliferated over the last 20 years and that this growth shows no signs of abating. The goal of this paper is fill the knowledge gap surrounding minor parties and to assess the health of electoral democracy in Canada. Specifically, nine minor parties are studied through the experiences of their candidates during the 1993 federal election. The findings presented are based on data collected from government sources and on surveys and interviews administered to a sample of minor party candidates who ran in the greater Vancouver area. The dissemination of political beliefs not represented in mainstream politics was the dominant reason candidates gave for participating in elections. Winning is a long term ambition, but not expected in the short run for the majority of parties. Despite their modest aims, minor parties and candidates are unduly fettered in their ability to effectively compete in elections and communicate with the public. Minor party campaigns typically have scant political resources, including money, time and workers; electoral laws — concerning registration thresholds, broadcasting time allotments and campaign reimbursements — designed to promote fairness, disadvantage the system's weakest players; and subtle biases on the part of the press, debate organizers and potential donors close important channels of communication. Of these factors, money emerged as the most important, with media exposure — or the lack of it — a close second in terms of determining a party's competitiveness. The National Party, with superior resources, was often an exception to the above characterization, but ultimately, media neglect sealed its fate as a marginal party. Notwithstanding the great odds facing minor parties, winning is not impossible given the right alignment of factors. The Reform Party did it in 1993, providing other small parties with hope and an example to follow.
X-ray Intraday Variability of the TeV Blazar PKS 2155-304 with Suzaku During 2005-2014
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhongli
name: Gupta, Alok C.
name: Gaur, Haritma
name: Wiita, Paul J.
name: An, Tao
name: Lu, Yang
name: Fan, Shida
name: Xu, Haiguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined 13 pointed observations of the TeV emitting high synchrotron peak blazar PKS 2155-304, taken by the Suzaku satellite throughout its operational period. We found that the blazar showed large-amplitude intraday variabilities in the soft (0.8 - 1.5 keV) and the hard (1.5 - 8.0 keV) bands in the light curves. Spectral variability on intraday timescales is estimated using the hardness ratio. The blazar usually becomes harder when brighter and vice versa, following the typical behavior of high synchrotron peak blazars. The power spectral density (PSD) analyses of 11 out of 13 light curves in the total energy (0.8 - 8.0 keV) are found to be red-noise dominated, with power-law spectral indices that span a large range, from -2.81 to -0.88. Discrete correlation function analyses of all the 13 light curves between the soft and the hard bands show that they are well correlated and peak at, or very close to, zero lag. This indicates that the emissions in soft and hard bands are probably cospatial and emitted from the same population of leptons. Considering fluxes versus variability timescales, we found no correlation on intraday timescales, implying that X-ray emission from PKS 2155-304 is not dominated by simple changes in the Doppler factor. We briefly discuss the most likely emission mechanisms responsible for the observed flux and spectral variabilities and place constraints on magnetic field strength and Lorentz factors of the electrons emitting the X-rays in the most likely scenario.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Shock break-out: how a GRB revealed the beginnings of a supernova
Creators: name: Blustin, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In February 2006, Swift caught a GRB in the act of turning into a supernova, and made the first ever direct observations of the break-out and early expansion of a supernova shock wave. GRB 060218 began with an exceptionally long burst of non-thermal gamma-rays, lasting over 2000 s, as a jet erupted through the surface of the star. While this was in progress, an optically-thick thermal component from the shock wave of the supernova explosion grew to prominence, and we were able to track the mildly relativistic expansion of this shell as the blackbody peak moved from the X-rays into the UV and optical bands. The initial radius of the shock implied that it was a blue supergiant which had exploded, but the lack of Hydrogen emission lines in the supernova spectrum indicated a more compact star. The most likely scenario is that the shock ploughed into the massive stellar wind of a Wolf-Rayet progenitor, with the shock breaking out and becoming visible to us once it reached the radius where the wind became optically-thin. I present the Swift observations of this landmark event, and discuss the new questions and answers it leaves us with.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A, Proceedings of the Royal Society Discussion meeting on Gamma-Ray Bursts, September 18-20, 2006
Integrity-Based Path Planning Strategy for Urban Autonomous Vehicular Navigation Using GPS and Cellular Signals
Creators: name: Lee, Halim
name: Seo, Jiwon
name: Kassas, Zaher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An integrity-based path planning strategy for autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) navigation in urban environments is developed. The vehicle is assumed to navigate by utilizing cellular long-term evolution (LTE) signals in addition to Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. Given a desired destination, an optimal path is calculated, which minimizes a cost function that considers both the horizontal protection level (HPL) and travel distance. The constraints are that (i) the ratio of nodes with faulty signals to the total nodes be lower than a maximum allowable ratio and (ii) the HPLs along each candidate path be lower than the horizontal alert limit (HAL). To predict the faults and HPL before the vehicle is driven, GPS and LTE pseudoranges along the candidate paths are generated utilizing a commercial ray-tracing software and three-dimensional (3D) terrain and building maps. Simulated pseudoranges inform the path planning algorithm about potential biases due to reflections from buildings in urban environments. Simulation results are presented showing that the optimal path produced by the proposed path planning strategy has the minimum average HPL among the candidate paths.
description: Submitted to ION GNSS+ 2020
Relevance of initial and final conditions for the Fluctuation Relation in Markov processes
Creators: name: Puglisi, Andrea
name: Rondoni, Lamberto
name: Vulpiani, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical observations on a Markov chain and on the continuous Markov process performed by a granular tracer show that the ``usual'' fluctuation relation for a given observable is not verified for finite (but arbitrarily large) times. This suggests that some terms which are usually expected to be negligible, i.e. ``border terms'' dependent only on initial and final states, in fact cannot be neglected. Furthermore, the Markov chain and the granular tracer behave in a quite similar fashion.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, submitted to JSTAT
พฤติกรรมการแข่งขันของผู้ผลิตในอุตสาหกรรมเบียร์
Creators: name: กิตติพัฒน์ แสนทวีสุข
Publisher: name: คณะบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2549
Subjects: อุตสาหกรรมเบียร์,พฤติกรรมการแข่งขัน,กลยุทธ์การขายพ่วง

description: 1, 1, วารสารบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร
The productions of the top-pions and top-Higgs associated with the charm quark at the hadron colliders
Creators: name: Xu, Wenna
name: Wang, Xuelei
name: Xiao, Zhen-jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the topcolor-assistant technicolor (TC2) model, the typical physical particles, top-pions and top-Higgs, are predicted and the existence of these particles could be regarded as the robust evidence of the model. These particles are accessible at the Tevatron and LHC, and furthermore the flavor-changing(FC) feature of the TC2 model can provide us a unique chance to probe them. In this paper, we study some interesting FC production processes of top-pions and top-Higgs at the Tevatron and LHC, i.e., $cΠ_{t}^{-}$ and $cΠ_{t}^{0}(h_{t}^{0})$ productions. We find that the light charged top-pions are not favorable by the Tevatron experiments and the Tevatron has a little capability to probe neutral top-pion and top-Higgs via these FC production processes. At the LHC, however, the cross section can reach the level of $10\sim 100$ pb for $cΠ_t^-$ production and $ 10\sim 100$ fb for $cΠ_t^0(h_t^0)$ production. So one can expect that enough signals could be produced at the LHC experiments. Furthermore, the SM background should be clean due to the FC feature of the processes and the FC decay modes $Π_t^-\to b\bar{c}, Π_t^0(h_t^0)\to t\bar{c}$ can provide us the typical signal to detect the top-pions and top-Higgs. Therefore, it is hopeful to find the signal of top-pions and top-Higgs with the running of the LHC via these FC processes.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
The simulation framework of the timing-based localization for future all-sky gamma-ray observations with a fleet of Cubesats
Creators: name: Ohno, Masanori
name: Werner, Norbert
name: Pal, Andras
name: Meszaros, Laszlo
name: Ichinohe, Yuto
name: Ripa, Jakub
name: Topinka, Martin
name: Munz, Filip
name: Galgoczi, Gabor
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Mizuno, Tsunefumi
name: Takahashi, Hiromitsu
name: Uchida, Nagomi
name: Torigoe, Kento
name: Hirade, Naoyoshi
name: Hirose, Kengo
name: Matake, Hiroto
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Hisadomi, Syohei
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Enoto, Teruaki
name: Hudec, Jan
name: Kapus, Jakub
name: Koleda, Martin
name: Laszlo, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The timing-based localization, which utilize the triangulation principle with the different arrival time of gamma-ray photons, with a fleet of Cubesats is a unique and powerful solution for the future all-sky gamma-ray observation, which is a key for identification of the electromagnetic counterpart of the gravitational wave sources. The Cubesats Applied for MEasuring and Localising Transients (CAMELOT) mission is now being promoted by the Hungarian and Japanese collaboration with a basic concept of the nine Cubesats constellations in low earth orbit. The simulation framework for estimation of the localization capability has been developed including orbital parameters, an algorithm to estimate the expected observed profile of gamma-ray photons, finding the peak of the cross-correlation function, and a statistical method to find a best-fit position and its uncertainty. It is revealed that a degree-scale localization uncertainty can be achieved by the CAMELOT mission concept for bright short gamma-ray bursts, which could be covered by future large field of view ground-based telescopes. The new approach utilizing machine-learning approach is also investigated to make the procedure automated for the future large scale constellations. The trained neural network with 10$^6$ simulated light curves generated by the artificial short burst templates successfully predicts the time-delay of the real light curve and achieves a comparable performance to the cross-correlation algorithm with full automated procedures.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of SPIE "Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation" 2020
title: Uncorking the Wine Industry's Secret: Barriers for Women in the Wine Industry
Creators: name: Baughman, Scarlett
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Given the labor crisis across the United States and the increasing wine consumption by women, it is more critical than ever to engage women to join the wine industry. Although women are consistently battling against tokenization, discreditation, and underrepresentation in the wine industry, there is scant research that pinpoints the specific blockages, or barriers, that women face in their career in the wine industry. To address this question, this thesis explores what the horizonal and vertical sex-segregation issues and barriers are for women to join the wine industry. This thesis used a qualitative semi-structured interview design whereby 13 wine industry practitioners of various ages, genders, and backgrounds participated. Many different barriers for women were identified, notably sexual harassment, sexism, and both vertical and horizontal segregation. This thesis can contribute to the literature about women working in the wine industry by being the first to explore and identify specific barriers that women face. Practically, this thesis sheds lights for wine industry owners, executives, and managers to promote gender equity and break down the barriers for women to join the wine industry, and to attract talent for their organizations.
Experimental parameters, combined dynamics, and nonlinearity of a Magnonic-Opto-Electronic Oscillator (MOEO)
Creators: name: Xiong, Yuzan
name: Zhang, Zhizhi
name: Li, Yi
name: Hammami, Mouhamad
name: Sklenar, Joseph
name: Alahmed, Laith
name: Li, Peng
name: Sebastian, Thomas
name: Qu, Hongwei
name: Hoffmann, Axel
name: Novosad, Valentine
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the construction and characterization of a comprehensive magnonic-opto-electronic oscillator (MOEO) system based on 1550-nm photonics and yttirum iron garnet (YIG) magnonics. The system exhibits a rich and synergistic parameter space because of the ability to control individual photonic, electronic, and magnonic components. Taking advantage of the spin wave dispersion of YIG, the frequency self-generation as well as the related nonlinear processes become sensitive to the external magnetic field. Besides being known as a narrowband filter and a delay element, the YIG delayline possesses spin wave modes that can be controlled to mix with the optoelectronic modes to generate higher-order harmonic beating modes. With the high sensitivity and external tunability, the MOEO system may find usefulness in sensing applications in magnetism and spintronics beyond optoelectronics and photonics.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Comments are welcome. [A more comprehensive version of the manuscript was submitted to Rev. Sci. Instrum.]
Geometry of symmetric and non-invertible Pauli channels
Creators: name: Siudzińska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the geometry of positive and completely positive, trace preserving Pauli maps that are fully determined by up to two distinct parameters. This includes five classes of symmetric and non-invertible Pauli channels. Using the Hilbert-Schmidt metric in the space of the Choi-Jamio\lkowski states, we compute the relative volumes of entanglement breaking, time-local generated, and divisible channels. Finally, we find the shapes of the complete positivity regions in relation to the tetrahedron of all Pauli channels.
The Gaugephobic Higgs
Creators: name: Cacciapaglia, Giacomo
name: Csáki, Csaba
name: Marandella, Guido
name: Terning, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of models that contains Randall-Sundrum and Higgsless models as limiting cases. Over a wide range of the parameter space WW scattering is mainly unitarized by Kaluza-Klein partners of the W and Z, and the Higgs particle has suppressed couplings to the gauge bosons. Such a gaugephobic Higgs can be significantly lighter than the 114 GeV LEP bound for a standard Higgs, or heavier than the theoretical upper bound. These models predict a suppressed single top production rate and unconventional Higgs phenomenology at the LHC: the Higgs production rates will be suppressed and the Higgs branching fractions modified. However, the more difficult the Higgs search at the LHC is, the easier the search for other light resonances (like Z', W', t', exotic fermions) will be.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Universal quantum gates, artificial neurons and pattern recognition simulated by \textit{LC} resonators
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to simulate quantum gates by \textit{LC} resonators, where the amplitude and the phase of the voltage describe the quantum state. By controlling capacitance or inductance of resonators, it is possible to control the phase of the voltage arbitrarily. A set of resonators acts as the phase-shift, the Hadamard and the CNOT gates. They constitute a set of universal quantum gates. We also discuss an application to an artificial neuron. As an example, we study a pattern recognition of numbers and alphabets by evaluating the similarity between an input and the reference pattern. We also study a colored pattern recognition by using a complex neural network.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Stereochemistry in Biology and Synthetic Biology
Creators: name: Kornfuehrer, Taylor
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: As molecular asymmetry is a defining feature of living systems, stereochemistry is of crucial importance in biological studies. Herein, stereochemistry is explored at the level of both primary and secondary metabolism. First, we describe a novel cellular mechanism for maintenance of cofactor homochirality in bacteria. S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is a biochemical cofactor that is ubiquitous across all domains of life. It is the primary methyl donor in various methylation reactions involving DNA, RNA, and proteins. Under physiological conditions, the active form (S,S)-SAM spontaneously racemizes about its sulfonium center to (R,S)-SAM. The (R,S) form is inactive as a methyl donor and has been suggested to inhibit methyltransferases, which may lead to cellular damage over time. Previous studies identified a bacterial domain of unknown function, DUF62, that can hydrolyze SAM. However, these studies did not examine the differential hydrolysis of the (S,S) and (R,S) forms. Herein, we show that a recombinant protein containing DUF62 from the actinomycete bacterium Salinispora tropica functions as a stereoselective (R,S)-SAM hydrolase. Polyketide natural products exhibit remarkable structural diversity and equally variable biological activity. The biosynthetic logic of polyketide synnthases (PKSs) makes polyketides an attractive target for the employment of synthetic biology techniques to generate non-natural analogues with enhanced therapeutic properties. Biosynthesis of polyketides and synthetic biology strategies for effecting structural modifications are reviewed. Using the anticancer pladienolide/FD-895 class of macrolides as a model, we describe preliminary efforts to employ a reductive loop swap for alteration of stereochemistry. We successfully cloning of the third extension module of the PKS and purified recombinant protein for use in in vitro extension assays. Using an evolution-guided approach, we identified a pool of donor reductive loops and performed in silico analyses to determine the best candidates. Additionally, we carried out molecular and microbiological examination of the pladienolide-producing strain, Streptomyces sp. FERM BP-7812.