cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advances in Trans-dimensional Geophysical Inference
Creators: name: Hawkins, Rhys Peter
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Geophysical Inversion

description: This research presents a series of novel Bayesian trans-dimensional methods for geophysical inversion. A first example illustrates how Bayesian prior information obtained from theory and numerical experiments can be used to better inform a difficult multi-modal inversion of dispersion information from empirical Greens functions obtained from ambient noise cross-correlation. This approach is an extension of existing partition modeling schemes. An entirely new class of trans-dimensional algorithm, called the trans-dimensional tree method is introduced. This new method is shown to be more efficient at coupling to a forward model, more efficient at convergence, and more adaptable to different dimensions and geometries than existing approaches. The efficiency and flexibility of the trans-dimensional tree method is demonstrated in two different examples: (1) airborne electromagnetic tomography (AEM) in a 2D transect inversion, and (2) a fully non-linear inversion of ambient noise tomography. In this latter example the resolution at depth has been significantly improved by inverting a contiguous band of frequencies jointly rather than as independent phase velocity maps, allowing new insights into crustal architecture beneath Iceland. In a first test case for even larger scale problems, an application of the trans-dimensional tree approach to large global data set is presented. A global database of nearly 5 million multi-model path average Rayleigh wave phase velocity observations has been used to construct global phase velocity maps. Results are comparable to existing published phase velocity maps, however, as the trans-dimensional approach adapts the resolution appropriate to the data, rather than imposing damping or smoothing constraints to stabilize the inversion, the recovered anomaly magnitudes are generally higher with low uncertainties. While further investigation is needed, this early test case shows that trans-dimensional sampling can be applied to global scale seismology problems and that previous analyses may, in some locales, under estimate the heterogeneity of the Earth. Finally, in a further advancement of partition modelling with variable order polynomials, a new method has been developed called trans-dimensional spectral elements. Previous applications involving variable order polynomials have used polynomials that are both difficult to work with in a Bayesian framework and unstable at higher orders. By using the orthogonal polynomials typically used in modern full-waveform solvers, the useful properties of this type of polynomial and its application in trans-dimensional inversion are demonstrated. Additionally, these polynomials can be directly used in complex differential solvers and an example of this for 1D inversion of surface wave dispersion curves is given.
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-118, 359-412
Creators: name: Phromsa'aat, Ka
name: Tonprathum, Sompong
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: thm

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy, creaky) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 359-412. Other voices included. Recorded using Praat on a Macbook Pro from early 2011. Consultant Ka Phromsa'aat is a 66-year-old male and is the main consultant in this recording.
Electric-field-induced electroporation and permeation of reactive oxygen species across a skin membrane
Creators: name: Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
name: Surendra Kumar
name: Eun-Ha Choi
name: Kim, Mi-Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Electroporation processes affect the permeability of cell membranes, which can be utilized for the delivery of plasma species in cancer therapy. By means of computational dynamics, many aspects of membrane electroporation have been unveiled at the atomic level for lipid membranes. Herein, a molecular dynamics simulation study was performed on native and oxidized membrane systems with transversal electric fields. The simulation result shows that the applied electric field mainly affects the membrane properties so that electroporation takes place and these pores are lined by hydrophilic headgroups of the lipid components. The calculated hydrophobic thickness, lateral diffusion, and pair correlation revealed the role of 5α-CH in creation of water-pore in an oxidized membrane. Additionally, the permeability of reactive oxygen species was examined through these electroporated systems. The permeability study suggested that water pores in the membrane facilitate the penetration of these species across the membrane to the interior of the cell. These findings may have significance in experimental applications in vivo as once the reactive oxygen species reaches the interior of the cell, they may cause oxidative stress and induce apoptosis.
Evidence for GN-z11 as a luminous galaxy at redshift 10.957
Creators: name: Jiang, Linhua
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Wang, Shu
name: Walth, Gregory
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Ito, Kei
name: Liang, Yongming
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Stark, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GN-z11 was photometrically selected as a luminous star-forming galaxy candidate at redshift z > 10 based on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data. Follow-up HST near-infrared grism observations detected a continuum break that was explained as the Ly-alpha break corresponding to z = 11.09 (+0.08-0.12). However, its accurate redshift remained unclear. Here we report a probable detection of three ultraviolet (UV) emission lines from GN-z11, which can be interpreted as the [C III] 1907, C III] 1909 doublet and O III] 1666 at z = 10.957+/-0.001 (when the Universe was only ~420 Myr old, or ~3% of its current age). This is consistent with the redshift of the previous grism observations, supporting GN-z11 as the most distant galaxy known to date. Its UV lines likely originate from dense ionized gas that is rarely seen at low redshifts, and its strong [C III] and C III] emission is partly due to an active galactic nucleus (AGN) or enhanced carbon abundance. GN-z11 is luminous and young, yet moderately massive, implying a rapid build-up of stellar mass in the past. Future facilities will be able to find the progenitors of such galaxies at higher redshift and probe the cosmic epoch in the beginning of re-ionization.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy on Dec 14, 2020; 21 pages; authors' version
Observation Campaign of SS 433 in April 2006
Creators: name: Kotani, T.
name: Kubota, K.
name: Namiki, M.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Trushkin, S.
name: Fabrika, S.
name: Afanasiev, V.
name: Abolmasov, P.
name: Kinugasa, K.
name: Nagata, T.
name: Irsmambetova, T.
name: Tsukagoshi, T.
name: Nakanishi, K.
name: Tsuboi, M.
name: Ozaki, S.
name: Yanagisawa, K.
name: Nishiyama, S.
name: Shimokawabe, T.
name: Yatsu, Y.
name: Ishimura, T.
name: Fujisawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A radio-IR-optical-X-ray observation campaign of SS 433 has been performed in April 2006, when the jet axis is almost perpendicular to the line of sight. Five flares have been detected during the campaign by radio monitoring observation with RATAN-600. The X-ray astronomical satellite Suzaku observed the source in and out of eclipse. In the X-ray data out of eclipse, the flux shows a significant variation with a time scale of hours. The source seems to be in the active state during the campaign. The observation logs and preliminary results are presented.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, to appear in proceedings of ``VI Microquasar Workshop: Microquasars and Beyond''
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type U*
Figs 2, 12A–D
Type U* – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 4, 5a, c, tables s1–s2. — Olesen et al. 2024: fig. 2f–g.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 1 LSN; 1991–2005 • 1 LSN; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body widely ovate in dorso-ventral view; about 1.4 times as long as wide; cephalic shield nearly circular, with minor discontinuity in body outline leading into trunk. In lateral view, longitudinal axes of cephalon, trunk and dorso-caudal spine all in approximately same plane. Length 460 µm (ventral view in life, without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width ca 330 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 30 µm. Labrum shorter than wide, a nearly rectangular low elevation weakly divided into facets by cuticular ridges; bearing four pores, two in midline posteriorly and pair situated outside of left and right ridge-defined labral margins. Lateral margins of trunk bearing spine rows. Caudal end obtuse, terminating in 75 µm long dorso-caudal spine with at least three annular ridges bearing several subsidiary spines, accompanied ventrally and slightly forward of its base by pair of tiny, vestigial furcal spines.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Occupying only central part of LSN near midline, leaving large fraction of outer portions of disc ‘empty’. Lacking distinct pigmentation, except for some small dark pigment spots in telson. Yolk granules of gut-like central tube mostly concentrated in telson. Lipid vesicles present anteriorly and laterally in cephalon. Telson about as long as wide and about half as long as thorax.
Identification and variation
Easily recognizable by its flat ‘disc-shaped’ form (the broadest of the lecithotrophic y-nauplii encountered at Sesoko Island) and the central position of the developing cyprid within.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa); Taiwan (Keelung).
Remarks
Itô (1987b: figs 1–3) described three forms of wide, flat y-nauplii (Types VIIIa-c) from Tanabe Bay (Japan: Wakayama Prefecture) that are the closest described forms in the literature to Type U* from Okinawa. Although they differ from Type U* in having antero-lateral indentations in the body margin, they might be earlier instars of either Type U* or something closely related to it. Because detailed morphological and molecular comparison with Itô’s material has not been done, we do not treat any of these forms as synonymous here.
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
Quantifying residual stress in Helium implanted surfaces and its implication for blistering
Creators: name: Hosemann, P.
name: Sebastiani, M.
name: Mughal, M. Z.
name: Huang, X.
name: Scott, A.
name: Balooch, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Helium implantation in surfaces is of interest for plasma facing materials and other nuclear applications. Vanadium as both a representative bcc material and a material relevant for fusion applications is implanted using a Helium ion beam microscope, and the resulting swelling and nanomechanical properties are quantified. These values are put in correlation to data obtained from micro residual stress measurements using a focused ion beam based ring-core technique. We found that the swelling measured is similar to literature values. Further we are able to measure the surface stress caused by the implantation and find it approaches the yield strength of the material at blistering doses. The simple calculations performed in the present work, along with several geometrical considerations deduced from experimental results confirm the driving force for blister formation comes from bulging resulting mainly from gas pressure buildup, rather than solely stress induced buckling.
A Conversation with Yuan Shih Chow
Creators: name: Ying, Zhiliang
name: Zhang, Cun-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Yuan Shih Chow was born in Hubei province in China, on September 1, 1924. The eldest child of a local militia and political leader, he grew up in war and turmoil. His hometown was on the front line during most of the Japanese invasion and occupation of China. When he was 16, Y. S. Chow journeyed, mostly on foot, to Chongqing (Chung-King), the wartime Chinese capital, to finish his high school education. When the Communist party gained power in China, Y. S. Chow had already followed his university job to Taiwan. In Taiwan, he taught mathematics as an assistant at National Taiwan University until he came to the United States in 1954. At the University of Illinois, he studied under J. L. Doob and received his Ph.D. in 1958. He served as a staff mathematician and adjunct faculty at the IBM Watson Research Laboratory and Columbia University from 1959 to 1962. He was a member of the Statistics Department at Purdue University from 1962 to 1968. From 1968 until his retirement in 1993, Y. S. Chow served as Professor of Mathematical Statistics at Columbia University. At different times, he was a visiting professor at the University of California at Berkeley, University of Heidelberg (Germany) and the National Central University, Taiwan. He served as Director of the Institute of Mathematics of Academia Sinica, Taiwan, and Director of the Center of Applied Statistics at Nankai University, Tianjin, China. He was instrumental in establishing the Institute of Statistics of Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He is currently Professor Emeritus at Columbia University. Y. S. Chow is a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, a member of the International Statistical Institute and a member of Taiwan's Academia Sinica. He has numerous publications, including Great Expectations: The Theory of Optimal Stopping (1971), in collaboration with Herbert Robbins and David Siegmund, and Probability Theory (1978), in collaboration with Henry Teicher. Y. S. Chow has a strong interest in mathematics education. He taught high school mathematics for one year in 1947 and wrote a book on high school algebra in collaboration with J. H. Teng and M. L. Chu. In 1992, Y. S. Chow, together with I. S. Chang and W. C. Ho, established the Chinese Institute of Probability and Statistics in Taiwan. This conversation took place in the fall of 2003 in Dobbs Ferry, New York.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/088342304000000224 in the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Verbal agression MLB umpires
Creators: name: Blais, Caroline
name: Fiset, Daniel
name: Guerette, Joel
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sports Studies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Using an ecological environment where excessive criticisms is rampant, i.e., the Major League Baseball, we assess the impact of using verbal aggressions on subsequent home-plate umpire decision-making during the 2010-2019 seasons
Dynamical QCD simulation with theta terms
Creators: name: Izubuchi, Taku
name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Hashimoto, Koichi
name: Nakamura, Yoshifumi
name: Sekido, Toru
name: Schierholz, Gerrit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theta term that breaks the Strong CP symmetry is introduced in the two flavors of dynamical QCD simulation. theta is analytically continued to a pure imaginary number to make the probability of Monte Carlo positive. The Neutron's Electric Dipole Moment (NEDM) is measured on the ensemble under a uniform and week electric field. Other applications of theta terms are also discussed.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, talk given by Taku Izubuchi at the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Regensburg, Germany, 30 July - 4 August 2007
On Games in Formal Verification
Creators: name: Sorrentino, Loredana
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Nel Capitolo 1 facciamo uno studio generale del concetto di "prompt" applicato ai Parity Games.
Tale studio permette di raggruppare diverse condizioni di parity, alcune introdotte da noi, altre già presenti in letteratura, sotto un unico framework.
Inoltre, in questo capitolo, vengono descritte semplici riduzioni polinomiali da tutte queste condizioni a Buchi o Parity, che semplificano tutte le procedure conosciute finora.
In particolare, le riduzioni che vengono descritte, abbassano la classe di complessità delle condizioni Cost e Bounded Cost Parity recentemente introdotte.
Infatti, vengono forniti algoritmi che mostrano che, determinare il vincitore di tale giochi è in UPTime ∩  CoUPTime.
Nel Capitolo 2 viene rivisitata l'implementazione dell'algoritmo ricorsivo di Zielonka introducendo diversi miglioramenti e facendo uso del linguaggio di programmazione Scala.
Questa scelta è stata dimostrata essere vantaggiosa, riducendo il tempo di esecuzioni di due ordini di grandezza.
Nel Capitolo 3, viene introdotto e studiato Graded Strategy Logic (GSL), un estensione di Strategy Logic (SL) con quantificatori di grado.
In tale capitolo, oltre ad essere fornite sintassi e semantica di tale logica, vengono investigate alcune questioni riguardo il frammento vanilla di GSL. In particolare vengono riportati risultati positivi circa la determinatezza dei giochi turn-based ed il relativo problema del model checking, che è mostrato essere in Ptime.
Non-replicating vaccinia virus NTV as an effective next-generation smallpox and monkeypox vaccine: evidence from mouse and rhesus monkey models
Creators: name: Chu, Qiaohong
name: Huang, Baoying
name: Li, Mengzhe
name: Cheng, Xueting
name: Huo, Shuting
name: Ren, Jiao
name: Deng, Yao
name: Tan, Wenjie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Non-replicating vaccinia virus NTV as an effective next-generation smallpox and monkeypox vaccine: evidence from mouse and rhesus monkey models
A possible bright ultraviolet flash from a galaxy at redshift z ~ 11
Creators: name: Jiang, Linhua
name: Wang, Shu
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Walth, Gregory
name: Yang, Yi-Si
name: Zhang, Bin-Bin
name: Zhao, Hai-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the optical sky, minutes-duration transients from cosmological distances are rare. Known objects that give rise to such transients include gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the most luminous explosions in the universe that have been detected at redshift as high as z ~ 9.4. These high-redshift GRBs and their associated emission can be used to probe the star formation and reionization history in the era of cosmic dawn. Here we report a near-infrared transient with an observed duration shorter than 245 s coincident with the luminous star-forming galaxy GN-z11 at z ~ 11. The telluric absorption shown in the near-infrared spectrum indicates its origin from above the atmosphere. We can rule out the possibility of known man-made objects or moving objects in the Solar system based on the observational information and our current understanding of the properties of these objects. Since some long-duration GRBs are associated with a bright ultraviolet (UV) or optical flash, we investigate the possibility that the detected signal arose from a rest-frame UV flash associated with a long GRB from GN-z11. Despite the very low probability of being a GRB, we find that the spectrum, brightness, and duration of the transient are consistent with such an interpretation. Our result may suggest that long GRBs can be produced as early as 420 million years after the Big Bang.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy on Dec 14, 2020; 19 pages; authors' version
General Relativistic Radiative Transfer
Creators: name: Knop, S.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general method to calculate radiative transfer including scattering in the continuum as well as in lines in spherically symmetric systems that are influenced by the effects of general relativity (GR). We utilize a comoving wavelength ansatz that allows to resolve spectral lines throughout the atmosphere. The used numerical solution is an operator splitting (OS) technique that uses a characteristic formal solution. The bending of photon paths and the wavelength shifts due to the effects of GR are fully taken into account, as is the treatment of image generation in a curved spacetime. We describe the algorithm we use and demonstrate the effects of GR on the radiative transport of a two level atom line in a neutron star like atmosphere for various combinations of continuous and line scattering coefficients. In addition, we present grey continuum models and discuss the effects of different scattering albedos on the emergent spectra and the determination of effective temperatures and radii of neutron star atmospheres.
Effect of CTerm of Human albumin on the aggregation propensity of Aβ1-42 peptide: A Potential of mean force study
Creators: name: Navamallika Dutta
name: Borah, Priyanka
name: Venkata Satish Kumar Mattaparthi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder. It is characterized by the presence of extracellular aggregated fibrillary form of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles caused by the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Monomeric form of Aβ-peptide in α-conformation is not toxic but it can undergo self aggregation to form β-conformation which is neurotoxic. The most promising approach to combat AD is to prevent the self aggregation of Aβ-peptide. Recently, it has been reported that C-terminal (CTerm) of Human albumin (HA) binds to the Aβ1-42 peptide and impairs the Aβ1-42 aggregation and promote disassembly of Aβ1-42 aggregates. In this work, using Potential of mean force (PMF) and binding free energy (BFE) calculations, we have demonstrated the effect of CTerm of HA on the dimerization of Aβ1-42 peptide. From the PMF profile, we noticed Aβ1-42-CTerm Heterodimer (10.99 kcal mol−1) complex to have higher disassociation energy than Aβ1-42-Aβ1-42 Homodimer (2.23 kcal mol−1) complex. And also from the BFE calculations, we found that the binding affinity between Aβ1-42 peptide and CTerm (ΔGbind = -32.27 kcal mol−1 from MM-GBSA and ΔGbind = -2.83 kcal mol−1from MM-PBSA) to be stronger than the Aβ1-42 peptide and another Aβ1-42 peptide (ΔGbind = -16.20 kcal mol−1 from MM-GBSA and ΔGbind = -1.95 kcal mol−1 from MM-PBSA). In this study, our findings from PMF and BFE analysis of the two complexes, provides salient structural, binding and unbinding features and thermodynamics that support the ability of CTerm of HA in affecting the dimerization of Aβ1-42.
Between understanding and control: Science as a cultural product
Creators: name: Del Santo, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the early days of humankind, people have been asking questions about Nature of two kinds: why did that happen? And how can that be used? In a broad sense, science was born that day. We show indeed that science has two complementary and interdependent souls that aim, respectively, to how to understand and how to control Nature. Through a broad historical analysis, this essay aims to (1) give an account of the development of science as an oscillation and an interplay between its two intrinsic natures, (2) demonstrate that this happened already in ancient times starting from the 6th century BC, and (3) the fact that in different periods one of the two natures was largely favored over the other is a consequence of science being a cultural product of the different social-historical contexts.
description: 9 pages, 1 illustration. Dedicated to the memory of Angelo Baracca. Originally written for the FQXi essay contest 2023
Non-Replicating Vaccinia Virus NTV as an Effective Next-Generation Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine: Evidence from Mouse and Rhesus Monkey Models
Creators: name: Chu, Qiaohong
name: Huang, Baoying
name: Li, Mengzhe
name: Cheng, Xueting
name: Huo, Shuting
name: Ren, Jiao
name: Deng, Yao
name: Tan, Wenjie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Non-Replicating Vaccinia Virus NTV as an Effective Next-Generation Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine: Evidence from Mouse and Rhesus Monkey Models
Effects of plasticity on the anisotropy of the effective fracture toughness
Creators: name: Brach, Stella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the effects of plasticity on the effective fracture toughness. A layered material is considered as a modelling system. An elastic-plastic phase-field model and a surfing boundary condition are used to study how the crack propagates throughout the material and the evolution of the effective toughness as a function of the layer angle. We first study three idealized situations, where only one property among fracture toughness, Young's modulus and yield strength is heterogeneous whereas the others are uniform. We observe that in the case of toughness and strength heterogeneity, the material exhibits anomalous isotropy: the effective toughness is equal to the largest of the point-wise values for any layer angle except when the layers are parallel to the macroscopic direction of propagation. As the layer angle decreases, the crack propagates along the brittle-to-tough interfaces, whereas it goes straight when the layers have different yield strength but uniform toughness. We find that smooth deflections in the crack path do not induce any overall toughening and that the effective toughness is not proportional to either the cumulated fracture energy or the cumulated plastic work. In the case of elastic heterogeneity, the material is anisotropic in the sense of the effective toughness, as the latter varies as a function of the layer angle. Four toughening mechanisms are active: stress fluctuations, crack renucleation, plastic dissipation and plastic blunting. Finally, we consider a layered medium comprised of compliant-tough-weak and stiff-brittle-strong phases, as it is the case for many structural composites. We observe a transition from an interface-dominated to a plasticity-dominated failure regime, as the phase constituents become more ductile. The material is anisotropic in the sense of the effective toughness.
Natural chemical entities from Arisaema Genus might be a promising break-through against Japanese encephalitis virus infection: A molecular docking and dynamics approach
Creators: name: Navyashree V
name: Kant, Kamal
name: Anoop Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection affects millions of population worldwide whose incidence is increasing year by year and currently, no specific drugs are available for its treatment. However, vaccines are available for its prevention but not effective against all the clinical isolates. Thus, there is an urgent need for new chemical entities or exploration of existing molecules for its treatment. In the current study, we have undertaken virtual ligand screening (VLS) method to screen out selected phytoconstituents of Genus Arisaema against various targets (NS5, NS3 helicase, and NS2B-NS3 protease) of JEVs which exhibits vital role in replication, infection cycle and host interaction by using molecular docking followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Screened natural chemical entities displayed good binding affinity as well as optimum stability towards NS5 and NS3 helicase. Further, the drug likeliness evaluated by Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis was found to be in the acceptable range. In conclusion, these natural chemical entities could be considered as promising candidates for the development of anti-JEV drugs. However, further investigation is required to confirm their exact role in JEV infection through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Instanton contribution to the Sivers function
Creators: name: Cherednikov, I. O.
name: D'Alesio, U.
name: Kochelev, N. I.
name: Murgia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Sivers function for valence u and d quarks in the proton within the instanton model for QCD vacuum, adopting the MIT bag model wave functions for quarks. Within approaches based on perturbative one-gluon final state interactions a non-zero value of the Sivers function is related to the presence of both S and P wave components in quark wave functions. We show that the instanton-induced chromomagnetic, nonperturbative interaction leads to very specific spin-spin correlations between the struck and spectator quarks, resulting in a non-trivial flavour dependence of the Sivers function. Comparison of the obtained Sivers functions with phenomenological parameterizations is discussed.
description: 1+12 pages, 4 ps figures; v2: few references and one sentence added in the introduction; final version published in Phys. Lett. B
La fatica Reumatoide: nuovi approcci clinici e riabilitativi
Creators: name: Iervolino, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: La fatica è la sensazione duratura di debolezza, mancanza di energia, stanchezza o spossatezza, riferita dal 40%-80% dei pazienti con artrite reumatoide (AR) come il loro sintomo più invalidante. Sia la riduzione della massa muscolare che l'aumento della massa grassa, fenomeno noto come cachessia, sono evidenti in pazienti con AR.
A differenza del dolore e della disabilità, la fatica è raramente affrontata come un obiettivo terapeutico primario.
Essa è correlata almeno in parte all'aumento della produzione delle citochine pro-infiammatorie, soprattutto il TNF-α e l'IL-6 ed ai loro effetti metabolici su muscoli e tessuto adiposo. Protocolli specifici per la terapia medica/riabilitativa della fatica, sono attualmente inesistenti.
Il progetto di ricerca sviluppato, è stato finalizzato alla valutazione dell'efficacia ed alla messa a punto di progetti riabilitativi intensivi tradizionali e/o mediante nuove tecnologie per la terapia della fatica "reumatoide".
Il progetto si è articolato in 2 differenti momenti:
1.	Valutare l'efficacia di un progetto riabilitativo tradizionale intensivo personalizzato nel ridurre la fatica di pazienti con AR inveterata, in high disease activity e severa compromissione funzionale
2.	Valutare l'efficacia di un progetto riabilitativo estensivo basato su nuove tecnologie disponibili sul mercato, nel ridurre la fatica e migliorare la funzione articolare in giovani pazienti con AR.
Pharmacophore-guided fragment-based design of novel mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors: extra precision docking, fingerprint-based 2D and atom-based 3D-QSAR modelling
Creators: name: Kumar, Avinash
name: Sudhanshu Rai
name: Rathi, Ekta
name: Paridhi Agarwal
name: Suvarna G. Kini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Rapamycin and their derivatives known as rapalogs were the first-generation mTOR inhibitors which interacted with mTORC1 but not with the mTORC2 protein. Second-generation inhibitors could bind with both and showed excellent anti-proliferative activity. Our aim was to design novel mTOR inhibitors which could bind at both the allosteric and the kinase site. The FRB domain is present in both the mTORC1 and mTORC2 protein complexes. We have employed e-pharmacophore-guided fragment-based design to develop novel mTOR inhibitors. The affinity of designed molecules at both the sites was analysed using molecular docking in extra precision mode. The atom-based 3D-QSAR model was developed to predict the activity while the fingerprint-based 2D-QSAR model was employed to refine an identified hit as potent dual mTOR inhibitor. Ligand ASK23 showed a docking score of −15.452 kcal/mol at the allosteric site (PDB ID 5GPG) while ASK38 showed a docking score of −11.535 kcal/mol at the kinase site (PDB ID 4JT6). Ligand ASK12 showed binding energy of −106.23 kcal/mol at the allosteric site. Refined molecule ASK12a from ASK12 showed the highest predicted activity (pIC50: 6.512). The stability of the best hits and receptor complex was analysed using molecular dynamics simulation studies. Herein we report five potential mTOR dual inhibitors based on the predicted activity, drug-likeness analysis and off-target effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on pharmacophore-guided fragment-based drug design for mTOR inhibitors. This design strategy can be used for the rational drug design against other proteins for which only apo-structures are available. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
DNA molecular markers in mosses and their use for the characterization of a Sphagnum palustre clone, for its exploitation as a passive contaminant sensor
Creators: name: Crespo Pardo, David
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The control of the air quality is often assessed by the use of terrestrial mosses. However, due to the lack of standardization in the used techniques, the comparison between the available studies is difficult. My PhD thesis was related to the European project FP7-Mossclone. The aim of this project is the development of a standardized method for biomonitoring the level of atmospheric pollution through the use of a devitalized moss clone of Sphagnum palustre, using the moss bags technique. My particular task was to perform the molecular characterization with DNA molecular markers of the clone, in order to label it for a subsequent patent development. First a bibliographical research of the application of DNA molecular markers in moss studies was performed and published. Furthermore, I have applied the acquired knowledge of the molecular techniques into a particular case: the Hypnum cupressiforme complex, focalizing the study in the distinction between Hypnum lacunosum and Hypnum cupressiforme using the intron-exon splice junction (ISJ) marker. I present as well some experiments that will help to optimize some cell culture techniques towards biotechnology and biomonitoring. Particularly, I studied some culture techniques in the aquatic moss Rhynchostegium riparioides, I studied some aspects concerning the protoplast isolation protocol in Sphagnum palustre and I have identified and sequenced a Sphagnum palustre sequence from the actin family.
Experimental determination of the magnetic interactions of frustrated Cairo pentagon lattice materials
Creators: name: Le, Manh Duc
name: Wheeler, Elisa M.
name: Jeong, Jaehong
name: Kumar, K. Ramesh
name: Lee, Seongsu
name: Lee, Chang-Hee
name: Oh, Myeong Jun
name: Jo, Youn-Jung
name: Kondo, Akihiro
name: Kindo, Koichi
name: Stuhr, U.
name: Fåk, B.
name: Enderle, M.
name: Batuk, Dmitry
name: Abakumov, Artem M.
name: Tsirlin, Alexander A.
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the Cairo pentagon lattice magnets Bi$_2$Fe$_4$O$_9$ and Bi$_4$Fe$_5$O$_{13}$F, supported by high field magnetisation measurements of Bi$_2$Fe$_4$O$_9$. Using linear spin wave theory and mean field analyses we determine the spin exchange interactions and single-ion anisotropy in these materials. The Cairo lattice is geometrically frustrated and consists of two inequivalent magnetic sites, both occupied by Fe$^{3+}$ ions and connected by two competing nearest neighbour interactions. We found that one of these interactions, coupling nearest neighbour spins on the three-fold symmetric sites, is extremely strong and antiferromagnetic. These strongly coupled dimers are then weakly coupled to a framework formed from spins occupying the other inequivalent site. In addition we found that the Fe$^{3+}$ $S=5/2$ spins have a non-negligible single-ion anisotropy, which manifests as a spin anisotropy gap in the neutron spectrum and a spin-flop transition in high field magnetisation measurements.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
LA CORRUZIONE DEL PARLAMENTARE
Creators: name: Ricci, Marianna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: L'elaborato si propone di analizzare la poco esplorata tematica della configurabilità del reato di corruzione del parlamentare, il quale "mercanteggi" la propria funzione istituzionale, asservendola alle richieste del privato corruttore.
Here is queer : nationalisms and sexualities in contemporary Canadian literatures
Creators: name: Dickinson, Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation explores the relationship between the regulatory discourses of nationalism and sexuality as they operate in the cultural production and textual dissemination of contemporary Canadian literatures. Applying recent studies in postcolonial and queer theory to a number of works by gay and lesbian authors written across a broad spectrum of years, political perspectives, and genres, I seek to formulate a critical methodology which allows me to situate these works within the trajectory of Canadian canon-formation from the 1940s to the present. In so doing, I argue that the historical construction of Canadian literature and Canadian literary criticism upon an apparent absence of national identity—us encapsulated most tellingly in the "Where is here?" of Frye's "Conclusion"—masks nothing so much as the presence of a subversive and destabilizing sexual identity—"queer." The dissertation is made up of eight chapters: the first opens with a Sedgwickian survey of the "homosocial" underpinnings of several foundational texts of Canadian literature, before providing an overview—via George Mosse, Benedict Anderson, and Michel Foucault—of the theoretical parameters of the dissertation as a whole. Chapter two focuses on three nationally "ambivalent" and sexually "dissident" fictions by Timothy Findley. A comparative analysis of the homophobic criticism accompanying the sexual/textual travels of Patrick Anderson and Scott Symons serves as the basis of chapter three. Chapter four discusses the allegorical function of homosexuality in the nationalist theatre of Michel Tremblay, Rene-Daniel Dubois, and Michel Marc Bouchard. Chapter five examines how national and sexual borderlines become permeable in the lesbian-feminist translation poetics of Nicole Brossard and Daphne Marlatt. Issues of performativity (the repetition and reception of various acts of identification) are brought to the fore in chapters six and seven, especially as they relate to the (dis)located politics of Dionne Brand, and the (re)imagined communities of Tomson Highway and Beth Brant, respectively. Finally, chapter eight revisits some of the vexed questions of identity raised throughout the dissertation by moving the discussion of nationalisms and sexualities into the classroom.
Potency of inhibitors depends upon the accessibility of their aromatic rings within the hydrophobic specificity pocket: a novel avenue for future aldose reductase inhibitor design
Creators: name: Khan, Saif
name: Somvanshi, Pallavi
name: Singh, Aditi
name: Mahvish Khan
name: Mandal, Raju K.
name: Sajad A. Dar
name: Mohd Wahid
name: Jawed, Arshad
name: Bhartendu Nath Mishra
name: Shafiul Haque
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Phase speed of electrostatic waves: The critical parameter for efficient electron surfing acceleration
Creators: name: Dieckmann, M E
name: Sircombe, N J
name: Parviainen, M
name: Shukla, P K
name: Dendy, R O
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle acceleration by means of non-linear plasma wave interactions is of great topical interest. Accordingly, in this paper we focus on the electron surfing process. Self-consistent kinetic simulations, using both relativistic Vlasov and PIC (Particle In Cell) approaches, show here that electrons can be accelerated to highly relativistic energies (up to 100 m_e c^2) if the phase speed of the electrostatic wave is mildly relativistic (0.6c to 0.9c for the magnetic field strengths considered). The acceleration is strong because of relativistic stabilisation of the nonlinearly saturated electrostatic wave, seen in both relativistic Vlasov and PIC simulations. An inverse power law momentum distribution can arise for the most strongly accelerated electrons. These results are of relevance to observed rapid changes in the radio synchrotron emission intensities from microquasars, gamma ray bursts and other astrophysical objects that require rapid acceleration mechanisms for electrons.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures. Two MPEG movies available on demand to support some observations
Network science Ising states of matter
Creators: name: Sun, Hanlin
name: Panda, Rajat Kumar
name: Verdel, Roberto
name: Rodriguez, Alex
name: Dalmonte, Marcello
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network science provides very powerful tools for extracting information from interacting data. Although recently the unsupervised detection of phases of matter using machine learning has raised significant interest, the full prediction power of network science has not yet been systematically explored in this context. Here we fill this gap by providing an in-depth statistical, combinatorial, geometrical and topological characterization of 2D Ising snapshot networks (IsingNets) extracted from Monte Carlo simulations of the $2$D Ising model at different temperatures, going across the phase transition. Our analysis reveals the complex organization properties of IsingNets in both the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases and demonstrates the significant deviations of the IsingNets with respect to randomized null models. In particular percolation properties of the IsingNets reflect the existence of the symmetry between configurations with opposite magnetization below the critical temperature and the very compact nature of the two emerging giant clusters revealed by our persistent homology analysis of the IsingNets. Moreover, the IsingNets display a very broad degree distribution and significant degree-degree correlations and weight-degree correlations demonstrating that they encode relevant information present in the configuration space of the $2$D Ising model. The geometrical organization of the critical IsingNets is reflected in their spectral properties deviating from the one of the null model. This work reveals the important insights that network science can bring to the characterization of phases of matter. The set of tools described hereby can be applied as well to numerical and experimental data.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 213-338
Creators: name: Tamprasri, Amphorn
name: Tonprathum, Sompong
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: thm

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy, creaky) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 213-338. Consultant Amphorn Tamprasri is a 49-year-old male and is the main consultant in this recording.