Sparganothoides silaceana Kruse and Powell 2009, new species
Creators: name: Kruse, James J.
name: Powell, Jerry A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Sparganothoides
Sparganothoides silaceana

description: 30. Sparganothoides silaceana Kruse and Powell, new species   
Figs. 35, 57, 91  
 Diagnosis. Sparganothoides silaceana is most similar to S. aciculana, but can be distinguished from all of the species in the group by its larger size and ocherous yellow coloration. It also can be distinguished from some species of the group by the absence of male secondary features of the head and thorax, the gradually enlarged apices of the socii/gnathos arms, and the bilobed transtilla.   
 Description. Male. Head: Frons yellowish white, smooth scaled; vertex roughened, golden yellow to brownish orange. Labial palpus yellowish white mesally, brownish yellow or golden yellow to brownish orange laterally. Antennal scaling golden yellow with orange tinge basally, yellowish white distally. Thorax: Dorsum smooth scaled, golden yellow to brownish orange. Forewing length 9.2–9.9 mm (= 9.6; n = 3). Forewing costal fold weak, developed only at base, costal margin rolled upward to approximately middle of wing; forewing ground color golden yellow to brownish orange, with scattered pale brownish orange or brown scaling; indistinct brown transverse strigulae in subterminal and terminal areas; brown to dark brown suffused tornal patch extending from dorsal margin to discal cell, angled to apex from discal cell. Fringe pale orange. Hindwing white, with faint yellowish gray to gray transverse striae throughout. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 35; INBio slide #2437663; Costa Rica, San José, Estación Cuerici, Sendero al Mirador, 4.6 km E Villa Mills; n = 3) with uncus long, slender, gently curved, with very sparse long setae dorsally and patch of short setae ventrally; tegumen raised and rounded at base of uncus; socius/gnathos broadly rounded posteriorly, secondary arms slender, nearly uniform in width, abruptly curved just before enlarged, weakly symmetrically widened apices; transtilla sclerotized, bilobed, spines short, numerous over most of posterior margin, anterior margin without reinforcement; valva short, subrectangular with vestigial sclerotized crease near middle, closer to base and sacculus; sacculus and costa straight, pulvinus reduced; phallus pistol-shaped, aedeagus tapered, slightly curved, shorter than phallobase, rounded and cleft apically, attached to juxta by short sclerotized process, phallobase elongate with a small rounded bulb; cornuti with a minute spine near base.   
 Female. Head, Thorax: Essentially as described for male except lacking forewing costal fold. Forewing length 9.4–10.4 mm (= 10.0; n = 3). Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 57; slide #JJK280; INBio; Costa Rica, Alajuela, Volcán Poás; n = 3) with papillae anales parallel-sided, subtriangular posteriorly; sterigma simple, bandlike, weakly sclerotized; ductus bursae relatively short, widened slightly anteriorly; corpus bursae large, irregularly rounded; signum simple, more than three times as long as wide, weakly curved, variably rounded at apices.   
 Type material. Holotype: Male: COSTA RICA: SAN JOSÉ: Estación Cuerici, Sendero al Mirador, 4.6 km E Villa Mills, 2640 m, 19–20.iv.1996, A. Picado (INBio).   
Paratypes (2♂, 3♀). COSTA RICA: SAN JOSÉ: Estación Cuerici, Sendero al Mirador, 4.6 km E Villa Mills, 2640 m, 19–20.iv.1996 (1♂), A. Picado (INBio). ALAJUELA: Volcán Poás, v.[no year] (1♂), W. Schaus (NMNH), 2350 m, 12.vii.1982 (3♀), D. Janzen & W. Hallwachs (EME, INBio).  
 Immature stages. Unknown.   
 Biology. Adults of this species have been collected in April, May, and July, suggesting that it is bivoltine.   
 Distribution. Sparganothoides silaceana is known only from high elevations in the vicinity of Cerro de la Muerte and Volcán Poás, Costa Rica.   
 Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin “silaceus” (= ochre), referring to the coloration of the forewing.
description: Published as part of Kruse, James J. & Powell, Jerry A., 2009, Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini), pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 2150 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2150.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311432