cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Peter Eisenman
Creators: name: Graafland, Arie
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2007

description: For quite a while, Peter Eisenman’s dissertation lived the life of a mystery text. Many architectural theorists knew about it, but it was not published until 2006. The facsimile reprint by Lars Müller finally makes available the complete typographic script that Eisenman defended in August 1963 at the University of Cambridge.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 1 | Autumn 2007 | Trans-disciplinary
Critical Temperature of Chiral Symmetry Restoration for Quark Matter with a Chiral Chemical Potential
Creators: name: Ruggieri, M.
name: Peng, G. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study restoration of chiral symmetry at finite temperature for quark matter with a chiral chemical potential, $μ_5$, by means of a nonlocal Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. This model allows to introduce in the simplest way possible a Euclidean momentum, $p_E$, dependent quark mass function which decays (neglecting logarithms) as $1/p_E^2$ for large $p_E$, in agreement with asymptotic behaviour expected in QCD in presence of a nonperturbative quark condensate. We focus on the critical temperature for chiral symmetry restoration in the chiral limit, $T_c$, versus $μ_5$, as well as on the order of the phase transition. We find that $T_c$ increases with $μ_5$, and that the transition remains of the second order for the whole range of $μ_5$ considered.
description: Section 3.2 added. To appear on Journal of Physics G
Fuel to the Urban Debate or, at Last, an End to the Brussels Trauma?
Creators: name: Doucet, Isabelle
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2007

description: In her article Isabelle Doucet discusses the recent exhibition ‘A Vision for Brussels: Imagining the Capital of Europe’, curated by Pier Vittorio Aureli and Joachim Declerck from the Berlage Institute in Rotterdam, at the BOZAR Centre of Fine Arts in Brussels. Rather than discussing the exhibition as such, she re-positions it within the broader context of recent as well as concurrent contributions to the Brussels debate. By doing so, she treats the exhibition and its accompanying publication as the departure point for a reflection on how Brussels reflects on Brussels. She relates the exhibition to some ‘brand new’ attempts to provide a strong vision for this European Capital: two new journals about ‘planning the capital’ and another Europe-in-Brussels exhibition. However, while she argues that ‘A Vision for Brussels’ aims to formulate a vision for the architectural discipline too, she questions whether ‘A Vision for Brussels’ produces a ‘vision’ for the city, a full-blown ‘project’ for Brussels and/or a ‘solution’ to the crisis of architecture and the city as well. In other words, who is leading the show in the exhibition: Brussels, Europe or the architecture and urban design disciplines?
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 1 | Autumn 2007 | Trans-disciplinary
Friedrich Nietzsche’s "On the Genealogy of Morality" as History Serving Life
Creators: name: O'Brien, Aaron John
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Nietzsche, Friedrich
History
Historiography
Genealogy
Monumental History
Critical History
Epistemology
Truth
Knowledge
Naturalism
Perspectivism
Non-Truth
Artistry
Rhetoric
Persuasion
Forgetting
Distortion
Deception
Unhistorical
Values
Affects
Elitism
Genius

description: Friedrich Nietzsche’s 1874 essay "On the Use and Disadvantage of History for Life" (HL) presents ideas on how the past ought to be appropriated and how history ought to be written. His 1887 book "On the Genealogy of Morality" (GM) presents an account of the historical development of European morality. Given that Nietzsche appropriates the past through writing in GM, the question arises: does GM put into practice Nietzsche’s earlier ideas from HL concerning how the past ought to be appropriated through the writing of history? I argue that GM does indeed apply some of Nietzsche’s key ideas from HL. In particular, GM remains consistent with HL insofar as it appropriates the past unhistorically, makes use of the monumental and critical modes of history, and appropriates the past in a way that encourages the flourishing of an elite kind of human being. However, Nietzsche’s manner of appropriating the past in GM also diverges from what he espouses in HL. Whereas in HL he emphasizes the usefulness and desirability of forgetting and distorting the past, in GM he exhibits a more notable concern with knowing the truth about the past. I show that this difference in approach is due to the significant change that Nietzsche’s epistemology underwent between the writing of HL and the writing of GM. This difference in approach notwithstanding, the great virtue of illuminating GM through the lens of HL is that it allows us to see more clearly how a lack of concern with truth and knowledge plays a positive role in Nietzsche’s writing of the past in GM. It also helps us to understand why he appropriates the past the way that he does in GM. Just as in HL Nietzsche thought that the past ought to be appropriated in a way that encourages the activity of genius, his writing of the history of European morality in GM is undertaken with the intent to encourage the occurrence and activity of a select kind of human being, a kind of human being that Nietzsche values above all else.
Escaping affect: how motivated emotion regulation drives the collapse of compassion
Creators: name: Cameron, C. Daryl
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In crisis situations, people tend to feel more compassion toward one victim than toward multiple victims. Many have suggested that this collapse of compassion is an invariant feature of our affect systems, that emotions are not triggered as strongly by aggregates. The current studies suggest instead that the collapse of compassion is driven by motivated emotion regulation. People might view their emotion toward mass suffering as overwhelming or costly, and take steps to eliminate it. In the first study, subjects who did not expect to provide aid displayed more compassion toward eight children than toward one child. But when subjects did expect to provide aid, the collapse of compassion emerged, suggesting that it is driven by expected cost. In the second study, the collapse of compassion emerged over time, and only for those who could skillfully regulate their emotions. The implications of these studies are discussed.
The Relationships between Motivation, Goals, and Sanctions in Determining Levels of Cooperation over Diminishing Resources
Creators: name: Baxter, Daniel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Environmental Psychology
Resource Dilemma
Self-Determination Theory
Sanctioning System

description: Environmental degradation and biodiversity loss are worldwide problems caused by human activities, which can often be classified as a resource dilemma. This thesis examines one of the more studied interventions in social dilemmas for increasing cooperative behaviour, namely sanctioning systems, in conjunction with one of the least studied factors in this area, i.e., intraindividual motivation and goals. Across three studies, and using Self-Determination Theory (SDT) as a framework, this thesis examines the relationships between motivation, goals, sanctioning systems and proenvironmental behaviour (PEB) in a resource dilemma (RD). The resource dilemma used in this thesis was a virtual, iterated, 2-person partnered design where each participant was required to make decisions about recreational fishing harvests in a small, private lake with an inferred partner. The ‘partner’ was not real, but was simulated by the program in order to maximize experimental control. Study 1 used mediational analysis to demonstrate that quality of motivation will affect goal content, and goal content will predict proenvironmental behaviour in an RD. Study 2 introduced a centralized sanctioning system to the RD, and found that this type of sanctioning system increased PEB in the RD when added, and decreased PEB when removed, concomitantly affecting the quality of participant motivation. Study 3 introduced a decentralized sanction system to the RD concomitant with pre-written communication for/against the inferred partner. Results demonstrated that self-determined motivation positively predicted the use of positive feedback messages, and negatively predicted the use of monetary sanctions. The results of this thesis expand upon SDT, and point to the potential importance of thorough examinations into the relationship between motivation and cooperation in RDs, and the importance of intraindividual factors in RD research. Moreover, it highlights the potential benefits and drawbacks of relying on sanctioning systems to increase PEBs in RDs.
Agency in Architecture: Reframing Criticality in Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Doucet, Isabelle
name: Cupers, Kenny
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: Whether critiquing the architect’s societal position and the role of the user, conceptualising the performative dimension of the architectural object, or considering the effects of theory for architecture at large, current debates in architecture intersect in the notion of agency. As fundamental as it is often taken for granted, this notion forms the keystone of this issue, inviting contributors to rethink architecture’s specificity, its performance, and its social and political relevance. Agency in architecture inevitably entails questioning the relation between theory and practice, and what it might mean to be critical – both inside and outside architecture – today. The main proposal is to rethink contemporary criticality in architecture, by explicating the notion of agency in three major directions: first, ‘the agency of what?’ or the question of multiplicity and relationality; second, ‘how does it work?’, a question referring to location, mode and vehicle; and third, ‘to what effect?’, bringing up the notion of intentionality.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 4 | Spring 2009 | Agency in Architecture: Reframing Criticality in Theory and Practice
p-cyclic persistent homology and Hofer distance
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D40

description: In this paper, we generalize the result from L. Polterovich and E. Shelukhin's paper stating that Hofer distance from time-dependent Hamiltonian diffeomorphism to the set of p-th power Hamiltonian diffeomorphism can be arbitrarily large to hold in the product structure $Σ_g \times M$ for any closed symplectic manifold $M$ when $p$ is sufficiently large and $g \geq 4$. This implies that, on this product, Hofer distance can be arbitrarily large between time-dependent Hamiltonian diffeomorphism and autonomous Hamiltonian diffeomorphism.The basic tool we use is barcode and singular value decomposition that are developed in previous joint work with M. Usher, from which we borrow many proofs and modify them so that it can be adapted to the situation that filtered chain complex equipped with a group action.
description: published version + a reference from S. Barannikov added
“The Idea of People Listening Makes Me Happy”: Building Community Through Experimentation at WXDU
Creators: name: Vos, Jaycie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: WXDU, the college and community radio station at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, is built on an ethos of experimentation that creates community and a sense of belonging among its DJs. Rooted in the disciplines of folklore, oral history, music, and radio studies, this thesis explores the ways in which DJs build community through the acts of discovering new music, curating radio shows, sharing music on air, and making connections with others on campus and in the community. Each of these acts is an exploration and affirmation of WXDU’s values of experimentation, learning, nonconformity, and access to alternative music. This thesis considers the impact on individuals who participate in a community that encourages and prioritizes experimentation and alternative ideas, particularly for those who identify as outside of the norm.
Autarky and Material Contingencies in Italian Architectural Debate (1936-1954)
Creators: name: Avilés, Pep
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: On 3 October 1935, Mussolini’s fascist regime invaded Ethiopia with undesired but foreseeable consequences for its imperialist aims: four days after the conquest, the Society of Nations imposed economic sanctions, promoting an international economic blockade. This soon translated in both a control of foreign currencies in order to purchase iron and steel on the international markets, and a vociferous campaign discouraging the use of materials that were demanded by the military endeavour. Architecture as a discipline and all the industrial activity around it suffered from government directions as well as the scarcity and control of commodities. Hence, its discourse accommodated to the new material situation. National and autochthonous values came to the fore, promoting local materials like wood or stone for construction as well as artificial and newly created ones. By the end of the 1930s and beginning of the 1940s the dispute about available materials became one of the main concerns in Italian architecture. If during the immediate past the defence of modern materials was traditionally articulated around technical and social values, the battle in interwar Italy was understood in political and economic terms. After stigmatising modern materials such as iron and steel as ‘antinational’, the dispute between those who recognised in modern techniques a threat to traditional Italian architecture, and those embracing the formal and intellectual basis of the modern movement, became predominantly ideological and represented both sides of the political spectrum. This paper examines the way these interwar debates were shaped by economic policy, political ideology, and material scarcity, and in turn affected architectural production during Italy’s postwar reconstruction.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 4 | Spring 2009 | Agency in Architecture: Reframing Criticality in Theory and Practice
Spin-Flop Ordering from Frustrated Ferro- and Antiferromagnetic Interactions: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study of a $\mathrm{Mn}/\mathrm{Fe}(100)$ Monolayer
Creators: name: Grazioli, C.
name: Alfè, Dario
name: Krishnakumar, S. R.
name: Gupta, Subhra Sen
name: Veronese, M.
name: Turchini, S.
name: Bonini, Nicola
name: Corso, Andrea Dal
name: Sarma, D. D.
name: Baroni, Stefano
name: Carbone, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The occurrence of a noncollinear magnetic structure at a Mn monolayer grown epitaxially on Fe(100) is predicted theoretically, using spinor density-functional theory, and observed experimentally, using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and linear dichroism (XMLD) spectroscopies. The combined use of XMCD and XMLD at the Mn-absorption edge allows us to assess the existence of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order at the interface, and also to determine the moment orientations with element specificity. The experimental results thus obtained are in excellent agreement with the magnetic structure determined theoretically.
Conditional purity and quantum correlation measures in two qubit mixed states
Creators: name: Rebón, L.
name: Rossignoli, R.
name: Varga, J. J. M.
name: Gigena, N.
name: Canosa, N.
name: Iemmi, C.
name: Ledesma, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze and show experimental results of the conditional purity, the quantum discord and other related measures of quantum correlation in mixed two-qubit states constructed from a pair of photons in identical polarization states. The considered states are relevant for the description of spin pair states in interacting spin chains in a transverse magnetic field. We derive clean analytical expressions for the conditional local purity and other correlation measures obtained as a result of a remote local projective measurement, which are fully verified by the experimental results. A simple exact expression for the quantum discord of these states in terms of the maximum conditional purity is also derived.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, to be published in J. Phys. B
Alternative Endpoints and Analysis Techniques in Kidney Transplant Trials
Creators: name: Fergusson, Nicholas Anthony
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Kidney transplantation
Composite endpoints
eGFR decline
Win ratio
Randomized controlled trials

description: Clinical trials in kidney transplantation suffer from several major issues including: 1) Unfeasibility due to low short-term event rates of hard outcomes and 2) Reliance on a composite outcome that consists of unequal endpoints that may generate misleading results. This thesis attempts to explore and apply methods to solve these issues and ultimately, improve kidney transplantation trials. We present a secondary analysis of the ACE trial in kidney transplant using composites with alternative graft function surrogate endpoints. Typically, kidney transplant trials—including the ACE trial— use a time-to-event composite of death, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and doubling of serum creatinine. Instead of doubling of serum creatinine, we investigated the use of percentage declines of estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) within a time-to-event composite of death and ESRD. Additionally, we present an application of an innovative analysis method, the win ratio approach, to the ACE trial as a way of lessening concerns associated with unequal composite endpoints. Composites of death, ESRD, and either a 40%, 30% or 20% decline in eGFR did not alter original ACE trial results, interpretations, or conclusions. The win ratio approach, and the presentation of a win ratio, generated very comparable results to a standard time-to-event analysis while lessening the impact of unequal composite endpoints and making fewer statistical assumptions. This research provides a novel, trial-level application of alternative endpoints and analysis techniques within a kidney transplant trial setting.
Investigating Mitochondrial Choline Metabolism in Macrophages
Creators: name: Pember, Ciara
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Macrophage
Choline
Inflammation
Oxidation
Lipopolysaccharide

description: The essential nutrient choline is known to serve as a precursor for phospholipids and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and to feed into methylation pathways. The role and fate of choline in immune cells, however, is not yet fully elucidated. To act as a methyl group donor, choline must first undergo oxidation in mitochondria, a process which has long been thought to occur exclusively in the liver and kidney. The recent identification of choline transporters on the mitochondrial membrane has highlighted the possibility of mitochondrial choline oxidation in other cell types. Here, I show that choline transporters are present on the mitochondrial membrane of primary and immortalized mouse macrophages. The interaction of CTL2 with mitochondria is further augmented following pro-inflammatory polarization with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. I show that mitochondrial choline uptake occurs in macrophages using radiolabelled choline assays; however, it remains unclear whether this process is conducted through the identified transporters. Preliminary data suggest that mitochondrial choline oxidation to betaine was increased in LPS-stimulated macrophages, revealing a potential additional input into one-carbon metabolism in polarized macrophages. This project broadens the existing paradigm that choline oxidation occurs strictly in hepatic and renal tissue and suggests that choline oxidation may be a regulated process in macrophage polarization.
Slave fermion formalism for the tetrahedral spin chain
Creators: name: Mohan, Priyanka
name: Rao, Sumathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the SU(2) slave fermion approach to study a tetrahedral spin 1/2 chain, which is a one-dimensional generalization of the two dimensional Kitaev honeycomb model. Using the mean field theory, coupled with a gauge fixing procedure to implement the single occupancy constraint, we obtain the phase diagram of the model. We then show that it matches the exact results obtained earlier using the Majorana fermion representation. We also compute the spin-spin correlation in the gapless phase and show that it is a spin liquid. Finally, we map the one-dimensional model in terms of the slave fermions to the model of 1D p-wave superconducting model with complex parameters and show that the parameters of our model fall in the topological trivial regime and hence does not have edge Majorana modes.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Vernacular Architecture as Self-Determination: Venturi, Scott Brown and the Controversy over Philadelphia's Crosstown Expressway, 1967-1973
Creators: name: Haumann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: Between 1967 and 1972 Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown worked on two projects simultaneously. One culminated in Learning from Las Vegas, their renowned contribution to architectural theory; the other reflected their political engagement in the so-called Crosstown Controversy. In this project, Venturi and Scott Brown spoke on behalf of a citizens’ initiative opposing a proposed inner-city expressway in the South Street area of Philadelphia. The aesthetic criticism exemplified in their study of Las Vegas found parallels in the political critique embodied by the alternative scheme they developed for the Philadelphia citizen group. This scheme proposed to revalorise the vernacular architecture of the existing neighbourhood, against the wholesale demolition implied in the official plans for the Crosstown Expressway. This article investigates the connections between aesthetic ideals and social concern in the work of Venturi and Scott Brown. Embedding the discussion on architectural theory in the concrete context of urban history reveals important links between intellectual discourse and political action. Venturi and Scott Brown’s repeated reference to social aspects of architecture can only be understood, so this article demonstrates, if we analyse the concrete engagements in which they developed their projects. The South Street project offers a concrete occasion wherein the architects were forced to adopt a political position.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 4 | Spring 2009 | Agency in Architecture: Reframing Criticality in Theory and Practice
The effect of urea-ammonium-nitrate fertilizer amended with urease and nitrification inhibitors on nitrogen cycling in highly organic agricultural soil
Creators: name: Diehl, Joelene M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Starting in the mid 20th century the use of nitrogen fertilizers has steadily increased due to the rising demand in food production. Currently, urea-based nitrogen fertilizers are the most commonly used source of nitrogen in agriculture worldwide. Although there are benefits to urea fertilizers (high nitrogen content, high solubility, and low cost), its rapid decomposition to ammonia and carbon dioxide could lead to environmental and human health concerns. Laboratory experimentation was conducted to determine the rate of urea decomposition, ammonia volatilization, influence of soil moisture on urea decomposition, potential for fertilizer loss below the rooting zone, and the response of the microbial community to fertilization of highly organic agricultural soil with urea-ammonium-nitrate (UAN). In addition, urease and nitrification inhibitors were added to UAN fertilizer in order to determine if these amendments altered the rate of N transformations in soil.
The Art of Displacement: Designing Experiential Systems and Transverse Epistemologies as Conceptual Criticism
Creators: name: Hughes, Rolf
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2009

description: With architects and designers increasingly facing problems that are neither predictable nor simple but highly complex, a particular synthesis of design intelligence and creativity is required. If the art of being a professional is becoming ‘the art of managing complexity’, what are the ‘boundaries’ of professional practice? ‘Trans-disciplinarity’, for example, requires liminal or neither/nor thinking (thus ‘boundary concepts’ remain a core concern). A concern with boundaries and ‘edges’ implies in turn a concern with ‘relationality’ (i.e. how we establish relations, positions, borders between different disciplinary priorities and methods) and thence a problem that affects how we think of disciplinarity, interdisciplinarity, networks of various kinds, and trans-disciplinarity – that of ‘substance’, ‘content’ or ‘matter’. This paper subjects design research, theory and practice to transverse epistemologies, attempting a ‘flow of transformations’ via such themes as authorship, remediation, smuggling, disruptive innovation, performative knowledge, and gesture versus identity. It brings together an ars combinatoria of conceptual criticism, trans-disciplinary practice as ‘disruptive innovation’, Michael Speaks’s notion of ‘design intelligence’ and Margaret Boden’s three types of creativity – combinatorial, exploratory, and transformational – seeking thereby to suggest new structures that might yield ‘transdisciplines’. Departing from two separate points – Bruno Latour’s call for ‘earthly accounts of buildings and design processes’ and Jack Burnham’s identification of a paradigm shift from an ‘object-oriented’ to a ‘systems-oriented’ culture – the paper describes the formation of a new interdisciplinary practice, experience design (the design of meaningful experience across time), as a form of ‘epistemological Conceptualism’. This prioritises critical thinking and strategy, requiring designers, in the words of Ronald Jones, ‘capable of addressing cross-disciplinary problems by designing the social, political, economic and educational “systems” that give them greater reach, responsibility, influence and relevance’. Ultimately, therefore, any delirious promise of epistemological transformation must remain secondary to questions of ‘relevance’ and ‘impact’.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 4 | Spring 2009 | Agency in Architecture: Reframing Criticality in Theory and Practice
TRAUMA EXPRESSED THROUGH SPACE, FRAMES, AND COLOR IN FRANCO-ARAB GRAPHIC NOVELS
Creators: name: Francis, Johnny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This paper examines the effectiveness of five particular graphic novels, written by Zeina Abirached, and Riad Sattouf, at evoking an experienced trauma beyond simply using a combination of words and images. Both authors in this analysis employ methodical border and spatial techniques that allow for a more vivid and unique illustration of their endured, personal trauma that goes beyond other traditional literary genres. The border and spatial techniques analyzed include framing frequency, frame size and angle, and color found throughout the graphic novels in question. The strategic employment of these techniques permits a more refined expression of the character’s relationships to their trauma: child-Zeina with the Lebanese Civil War, and child-Riad with the relationship to his father.
Small neutrino masses from gravitational $θ$-term
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Funcke, Lena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present how a neutrino condensate and small neutrino masses emerge from a topological formulation of gravitational anomaly. We first recapitulate how a gravitational $θ$-term leads to the emergence of a new bound neutrino state analogous to the $η'$ meson of QCD. Then we show the consequent formation of a neutrino vacuum condensate, which effectively generates small neutrino masses. Afterwards we outline several phenomenological consequences of our neutrino mass generation model. The cosmological neutrino mass bound vanishes since we predict the neutrinos to be massless until the phase transition in the late Universe, $T\sim {\rm meV}$. Deviations from an equal flavor rate due to enhanced neutrino decays in extraterrestrial neutrino fluxes can be observed in future IceCube data. The current cosmological neutrino background only consists of the lightest neutrinos, which, due to enhanced neutrino-neutrino interactions, either bind up, form a superfluid, or completely annihilate into massless bosons. Strongly coupled relic neutrinos could provide a contribution to cold dark matter in the late Universe, together with the new proposed particles and topological defects, which may have formed during neutrino condensation. These enhanced interactions could also be a source of relic neutrino clustering in our Galaxy, which possibly makes the overdense cosmic neutrino background detectable in the KATRIN experiment. The neutrino condensate provides a mass for the hypothetical $B-L$ gauge boson, leading to a gravity-competing force detectable in short-distance measurements. Gravitational waves detections have the potential to probe our neutrino mass generation mechanism.
description: 14 pages, one figure. V4: discussions on invalid cosmological neutrino mass bound and gravitational waves clarified
Why and How 'To Do Science'? On the Often Ambiguous Relationship between Architecture and the Social Sciences in France in the Wake of May '68
Creators: name: Violeau, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2007

description: Around the time of the ‘events’ of May ’68, ‘architectural research’ in France posited itself as a direct challenge to the education of the ‘Beaux-Arts’, to the school’s insulation from academic disciplines and to its common lack of a critical dimension required by any ‘scientific’ approach. In this context, the sociologists’ contribution to architecture was long awaited but soon proved to be disappointing, undoubtedly disappointing because the expectations were unreasonably high. In the early 1970s, the contributions of sociologists were perceived as a way to respond to doubts about the professional status of the architect; increasingly, sociologists discerned a desire to escape from the responsibilities and risks of the architectural project, into the sociological discourse. At the same time, following numerous disappointments, even the formerly zealous partisans of the arrival of sociologists finally returned to more skeptical positions towards the role of sociologists in architectural education. This uneasiness is marked by the silence, not to say the omerta, that veils today in France the adhesion of a number of architects of that generation to an ‘architectural postmodernism’ as it was defined during the 1970s, a moment embodied by the contribution of sociologists to the recent history of architecture. Nevertheless, it is the inheritance that makes the heir, as Pierre Bourdieu used to say.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 1 | Autumn 2007 | Trans-disciplinary
Minimax Rate-Optimal Estimation of Divergences between Discrete Distributions
Creators: name: Han, Yanjun
name: Jiao, Jiantao
name: Weissman, Tsachy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the minimax estimation of $α$-divergences between discrete distributions for integer $α\ge 1$, which include the Kullback--Leibler divergence and the $χ^2$-divergences as special examples. Dropping the usual theoretical tricks to acquire independence, we construct the first minimax rate-optimal estimator which does not require any Poissonization, sample splitting, or explicit construction of approximating polynomials. The estimator uses a hybrid approach which solves a problem-independent linear program based on moment matching in the non-smooth regime, and applies a problem-dependent bias-corrected plug-in estimator in the smooth regime, with a soft decision boundary between these regimes.
description: This (v5) is a significantly revised version of (v2), and fixed some typos in (v4)
Lunar Far-Side Radio Arrays: A Preliminary Site Survey
Creators: name: Conte, Zoe A. Le
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Gläser, Philipp A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin and evolution of structure in the Universe could be studied in the Dark Ages. The highly redshifted HI signal between 30 < z < 80 is the only observable signal from this era. Human radio interference and ionospheric effects limit Earth-based radio astronomy to frequencies > 30 MHz. To observe the low-frequency window with research from compact steep spectrum sources, pulsars, and solar activity, a 200 km baseline lunar far-side radio interferometer has been much discussed. This paper conducts a preliminary site survey of potential far-side craters, which are few in number on the mountainous lunar far-side. Based on LRO LOLA data, 200 m resolution topographic maps of eight far-side sites were produced, and slope and roughness maps were derived from them. A figure of merit was created to determine the optimum site. Three sites are identified as promising. There is a need to protect these sites for astronomy.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables
Appetite Hormones Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: What is the Magnitude of Change with Time?
Creators: name: Simoneau, Mylène
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Ghrelin
Glucagon-like peptide-1
Peptide YY
Appetite
Meta-analysis
Systematic review

description: Background. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective treatment for obesity, where gut peptides such as ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) play an instrumental role in reduced appetite after RYGB. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to establish the magnitude of change of ghrelin, GLP-1, PYY and appetite sensation following RYGB. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in Medline Ovid, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up until March 2021. Two independent reviewers screened articles for studies that evaluated ghrelin, GLP-1, PYY or appetite sensation via visual analogue scales (VAS) before and after RYGB in adults. Risk of bias was assessed with the quality assessment tool for before-after studies with no control group from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). A multilevel model with random effects for study and follow-up time points nested in study was fit to the data. The model included kilocalorie consumption as a covariate and time points as moderators. Results. Among the 2,559 articles identified, 47 met the inclusion criteria, among which k=19 evaluated ghrelin, k=40 GLP-1, k=22 PYY and k=8 appetite sensation via VAS. Our results indicate that fasting ghrelin levels are decreased 2 weeks post-RYGB (p = .005) but do not differ from baseline from 6 weeks to 1-year post-RYGB. Postprandial ghrelin levels at 6 months and 1-year post-RYGB were not different from pre-surgical values (p = .51). Fasting GLP-1 levels were not different from pre-surgical levels up to 2 years post-RYGB. Postprandial levels of GLP-1 increased significantly from 1 week (p < .001) to 2 years post-RYGB (p < .01) compared to before surgery. Compared to pre-RYGB levels, fasting PYY increased at 6 months (p = .034) and 1 year (p = .0299) post-surgery and postprandial levels were increased up to 1 year (p < .01). Heterogeneity was significant in most analyses. Insufficient data on appetite sensation was available to be meta-analyzed. Conclusion. Our analyses illustrate the magnitude of change of ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY before and after RYGB surgery. Importantly, between study heterogeneity within the current literature warrants more standardized protocols and studies with longer follow-up periods for better comprehension of changes in gut peptides following RYGB surgery.
Notes on Narrative Method in Historical Interpretation
Creators: name: Hays, K. Michael
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2007

description: These notes are offered as a sketch of interpretive method. I suggest that the writing of architectural history is, or should be, a deeply theoretical sort of symptomatology – an account of how the very forms and experiences of architecture both construct and repress the absent thing we call the social, and are its most material symbolizations. Such an account benefits from an idea and a practice of narrative. Narrative is an ideological production that avoids any copy theories of representation even as it insists on the real, material forms and events that are its subject matter.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 1 | Autumn 2007 | Trans-disciplinary
The Role of Intellectual Property Rights as a Development Tool for Women Entrepreneurs in Third World Countries: The Case of the Cosmetics Sector in Nigeria
Creators: name: Ekong, Ofonmbuk Esther
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Intellectual Property Protection
Women Entrepreneurship
Women's Development
Third World Countries
Informal Economies
Intersectionality

description: How might ownership of intellectual property rights (IPRs) bring about sustainable socioeconomic development for women entrepreneurs in the emerging cosmetics sector of Nigeria? This research question is motivated by the observation that despite the very significant economic role women entrepreneurs in Third World countries play, their economic status remains low. This low status is a result of various factors including limited access to formal finance mechanisms, high cost of finance and other infrastructural deficiencies, as well gender discrimination. Since the protection of intellectual property (IP) is claimed to be an effective strategy to sustain the growth and development of entrepreneurship, in this thesis I examine whether the IP regime engenders the development of women entrepreneurs in Third World countries. Using trademarks as an exemplar of IPRs and a case study of women entrepreneurs producing cosmetics in Nigeria, I carry out a nuanced analysis that questions assumptions about the role of the IP regime in the improvement of women's businesses in Third World countries. Through an intersectional lens, I explore whether and/or how to localize IP's impact in the context of complex global issues regarding IP protection. Deploying feminist methodology guided by theoretical frameworks of feminist theory and Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), this thesis draws attention to the politics of gender and racism in the IP system and how this is exacerbated for women entrepreneurs in Third World countries. The thesis while acknowledging the importance of IP protection, finds that the current IP regime does not accommodate the innovations of women entrepreneurs in Third World countries like Nigeria, that semi and informal IP appropriation like secrecy, are more utilized by women entrepreneurs, and that gender plays a significant role in their acquisition and exploitation of formal IPRs. The thesis concludes that the IP regime as currently framed plays no role in the development of women entrepreneurs in Third World countries, and recommends amongst others, that a gender based legislative impact assessment of IP laws be carried out in Nigeria to ensure gender transformative reforms, and that the content of IP education be revolutionized to reflect the realities of women entrepreneurship in Third World countries.
The Cunning of Architecture’s Reason
Creators: name: Jarzombek, Mark
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2007

description: In the past decade, what has been understood by the word 'theory' has been a discourse that has serviced two types of architectural positions. One the one side there is the language of ‘flow’ and its associated liberalist position of open-ended experientialism. On the other side there is ‘techtonics’ and its associations with reactionary imperatives of a phenomenological reclamation of essence. This paper tries to open a third space, one that has received less attention in recent years, but that hones closer to the philosophical problematic of architecture. To that purpose and to resist the tendency to pull philosophy into an operative design position, I will reassess the philosophies of Georg Friedrich Hegel and Martin Heidegger to argue that when taken together they constitute a type of closure to the conventions of theory that needs to be addressed before the potential for an exteriority to theory can be formulated. The question of how to locate theory, which is of course an extension of the question of how to locate modernity, is, I shall argue, still tied up in Hegel’s studied – and cunning – ambivalence to architecture as a philosophical project. It is this ambivalence that I attempt to deconstruct in order to make it more operational as a theoretical position.
description: FOOTPRINT, Issue # 1 | Autumn 2007 | Trans-disciplinary
Performativity and Metaphor: The Kiva Murals at Pottery Mound
Creators: name: Smith, Cassandra Ann
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: ABSTRACT In this dissertation, I propose a hermeneutical consideration of the Pottery Mound murals as active participants within a transtemporal Puebloan cultural landscape—a consideration grounded in what Gaston Bachelard might refer to as a “slower ontology,” one that is based within the domains of what may be observed and imagined. In so doing, I position myself as a scholar whose art-historical practice acknowledges the creative artistry of my chosen discipline as a fundamental component in the production of critically generative scholarship. The methodological framework for this project comprises site visits, community consultation, critical ethnographic analysis, archival and collections research, and a review and synthesis of existing scholarship. I consider the lively role of metaphor in a Pueblo life world across time and space, and I propose that such a consideration constitutes an essential framework for writing about Pueblo material cultural production and performativity. I discuss the paintings at Pottery Mound as sites of transformation, and I consider the figurative depictions in the murals as they correspond to the art-historical concept of portraiture. I suggest that many, if not all, of the painted figures are portrayals of specific individuals and that, moreover, they represent a diversity of genders. Drawing upon ethnographic evidence, I suggest that such depictions correspond to a wide and varied spectrum of lived genders and orientations in an Ancestral Puebloan life world and that the practice of kiva spaces at Pottery Mound, like the figurative representations upon their walls, may have been far more diversely gendered than is commonly assumed.
All Nations Evangelical Church: Bringing the Nations Together and Creating a Community of Faith in the New African Diaspora
Creators: name: Knoll, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This thesis explores the role All Nations Evangelical Church plays in the lives of its members, especially its diverse sub-Saharan African immigrant members. The Greensboro, North Carolina church acts as a vehicle for its members to adapt to their new lives in diaspora. This thesis also discusses the ongoing development of the church's identity as a product of the constant negotiation of the disparity between the church's vision and the day-to-day reality of its experience. In various creative ways, and to varying degrees of success, All Nations attempts to reconcile this tension. In creating church practices that are at once familiar (reflecting the lives its immigrant members lived in Africa) and new (reflecting the reality of the church's membership), the church creates a sense of togetherness. In the end, All Nations best achieves its vision for oneness as a community of faith.
Di-neutrons in neutron matter within Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach
Creators: name: Isaule, F.
name: Arellano, H. F.
name: Rios, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the appearance of di-neutron bound states in pure neutron matter within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach at zero temperature. We consider Argonne $v_{18}$ and Paris bare interactions as well as chiral two- and three-nucleon forces. Self-consistent single-particle potentials are calculated controlling explicitly singularities in the $g$ matrix associated with bound states. Di-neutrons are loosely bound, with binding energies below $1$ MeV, but are unambiguously present for Fermi momenta below $1$ fm$^{-1}$ for all interactions. Within the same framework we are able to calculate and characterize di-neutron bound states, obtaining mean radii as high as $\sim 110$ fm. The resulting equations of state and mass-radius relations for pure neutron stars are analyzed including di-neutron contributions.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Accepted abridged version in Phys. Rev. C
Crystalline Electronic Field and Magnetic Anisotropy in Dy-based Icosahedral Quasicrystal and Approximant
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shinji
name: Iwasaki, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lack of the theory of the crystalline electric field (CEF) in rare-earth based quasicrystal (QC) and approximant crystal (AC) has prevented us from understanding the electronic states. Recent success of the formulation of the CEF theory on the basis of the point charge model has made it possible to analyze the CEF microscopically. Here, by applying this formulation to the QC Au-SM-Dy (SM=Si, Ge, Al, and Ga) and AC, we theoretically analyze the CEF. In the Dy$^{3+}$ ion with $4f^9$ configuration, the CEF Hamiltonian is diagonalized by the basis set for the total angular momentum $J=15/2$. The ratio of the valences of the screened ligand ions $α=Z_{\rm SM}/Z_{\rm Au}$ plays an important role in characterizing the CEF ground state. For $0\leα<0.30$, the magnetic easy axis for the CEF ground state is shown to be perpendicular to the mirror plane. On the other hand, for $α>0.30$, the magnetic easy axis is shown to be lying in the mirror plane and as $α$ increases, the easy axis rotates to the clockwise direction in the mirror plane at the Dy site and tends to approach the pseudo 5 fold axis. Possible relevance of these results to experiments is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures