cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Feshbach resonances between atoms in $^2$S and $^3$P$_0$ states: mechanisms and dependence on atomic properties
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Bijit
name: Frye, Matthew D.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances exist in ultracold collisions between atoms in $^2$S and $^3$P$_0$ states, such as an alkali-metal atom colliding with Yb or Sr in a clock state. We investigate the mechanisms of these resonances and identify the terms in the collision Hamiltonian responsible for them. They involve indirect coupling between the open and closed channels, via intermediate channels involving atoms in $^3$P$_1$ states. The resonance widths are generally proportional to the square of the magnetic field and are strongly enhanced when the magnitude of the background scattering length is large. For any given pair of atoms, the scattering length can be tuned discretely by choosing different isotopes of the $^3$P$_0$ atom. For each combination of an alkali-metal atom and either Yb or Sr, we consider the prospects of finding an isotopic combination that has both a large background scattering length and resonances at high but experimentally accessible field. We conclude that $^{87}$Rb+Yb, Cs+Yb and $^{85}$Rb+Sr are particularly promising combinations.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables
Three-component Fulde-Ferrell superfluids in a two-dimensional Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Qin, Fang
name: Wu, Fan
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Yi, Wei
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the pairing physics of a three-component spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas in two spatial dimensions. The three atomic hyperfine states of the system are coupled by the recently realized synthetic spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which mixes different hyperfine states into helicity branches in a momentum-dependent manner. As a consequence, the interplay of spin-orbit coupling and the hyperfine-state dependent interactions leads to the emergence of Fulde-Ferrell (FF) pairing states with finite center-of-mass momenta even in the absence of the Fermi-surface asymmetry that is usually mandatory to stabilize an SOC-induced FF state. We show that, for different combinations of spin-dependent interactions, the ground state of the system can either be the conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing state with zero center-of-mass momentum or be the FF pairing states. Of particular interest here is the existence of a three-component FF pairing state in which every two out of the three components form FF pairing. We map out the phase diagram of the system and characterize the properties of the three-component FF state, such as the order parameters, the gapless contours and the momentum distributions. Based on these results, we discuss possible experimental detection schemes for the interesting pairing states in the system.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, updated references, published version
Fully Atomistic Modeling of Realistic Plasmonic Materials: Assessing the Performance of Iterative Solvers
Creators: name: Lafiosca, Piero
name: Giovannini, Tommaso
name: Benzi, Michele
name: Cappelli, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fully atomistic modeling of real-size plasmonic nanostructures is computationally demanding, therefore most calculations are limited to small-to-medium sized systems. However, plasmonic properties strongly depend on the actual shape and size of the samples. In this paper we substantially extend the applicability of classical, fully atomistic approaches by exploiting state-of-the-art numerical iterative Krylov-based techniques. In particular, we focus on the recently developed $ω$FQ model, when specified to carbon nanotubes, graphene-based nanostructures and metal nanoparticles. The performance of Generalized Minimal Residual (GMRES) and Quasi-Minimum Residual (QMR) algorithms is studied, with special emphasis on the dependence of the convergence rate on the dimension of the structures (up to 1 million atoms) and the physical parameters entering the definition of the atomistic approach.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
Additional file 1 of Human factors methods in the design of digital decision support systems for population health: a scoping review
Creators: name: Vasquez, Holland M.
name: Pianarosa, Emilie
name: Sirbu, Renee
name: Diemert, Lori M.
name: Cunningham, Heather
name: Harish, Vinyas
name: Donmez, Birsen
name: Rosella, Laura C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Blockchain Based Accounts Payable Platform for Goods Trade
Creators: name: Narayanam, Krishnasuri
name: Goel, Seep
name: Singh, Abhishek
name: Shrinivasan, Yedendra
name: Selvam, Parameswaram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Goods trade is a supply chain transaction that involves shippers buying goods from suppliers and carriers providing goods transportation. Shippers are issued invoices from suppliers and carriers. Shippers carry out goods receiving and invoice processing before payment processing of bills for suppliers and carriers, where invoice processing includes tasks like processing claims and adjusting the bill payments. Goods receiving involves verification of received goods by the Shipper's receiving team. Invoice processing is carried out by the Shipper's accounts payable team, which in turn is verified by the accounts receivable teams of suppliers and carriers. This paper presents a blockchain-based accounts payable system that generates claims for the deficiency in the goods received and accordingly adjusts the payment in the bills for suppliers and carriers. Primary motivations for these supply chain organizations to adopt blockchain-based accounts payable systems are to eliminate the process redundancies (accounts payable vs. accounts receivable), to reduce the number of disputes among the transacting participants, and to accelerate the accounts payable processes via optimizations in the claims generation and blockchain-based dispute reconciliation.
Informational steady-states and conditional entropy production in continuously monitored systems
Creators: name: Landi, Gabriel T.
name: Paternostro, Mauro
name: Belenchia, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forth a unifying formalism for the description of the thermodynamics of continuously monitored systems, where measurements are only performed on the environment connected to a system. We show, in particular, that the conditional and unconditional entropy production, which quantify the degree of irreversibility of the open system's dynamics, are related to each other by the Holevo quantity. This, in turn, can be further split into an information gain rate and loss rate, which provide conditions for the existence of informational steady-states (ISSs), i.e. stationary states of a conditional dynamics that are maintained owing to the unbroken acquisition of information. We illustrate the applicability of our framework through several examples.
An Iron Age/Romano-British settlement at Chopwell, Gateshead
Creators: name: McKelvey, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Archaeologia Aeliana, 01.6, 49-93
description: A previously unknown Iron Age/Romano-British settlement was located on a plateau on the northern side of the Derwent Valley on the south-western fringe of the village of Chopwell, Gateshead. The main focus of habitation in the early to mid-Iron Age period is likely to have been immediately to the north of the excavation area. The remains of one roundhouse of mid-Iron Age date lay within the excavation area with a series of ditches and gullies located in the areas to the south and west, sub-dividing the landscape into a number of different functional units, relating primarily to stock management and agricultural activities. Two four-post structures belong to these Iron Age phases of activity at the site. Radiocarbon dating suggests that the majority of activity within the site area dates to between the c. 8th century BC to the 3rd century AD. However within this date range there is a gap in the radiocarbon dating evidence between c. 200 BC and the early first century AD during which time the excavated area appears no longer to have been a focus for settlement activity. Subsequently in the Romano-British period there was a new and different layout of the excavated area with a 50m by 30m stock enclosure being set out and a series of gullies and a fenceline marking the management of the land. During the late Iron Age and Romano-British periods, the focus of settlement activity is likely to have been situated elsewhere on the small plateau to the north.
SocialInteractionGAN: Multi-person Interaction Sequence Generation
Creators: name: Airale, Louis
name: Vaufreydaz, Dominique
name: Alameda-Pineda, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prediction of human actions in social interactions has important applications in the design of social robots or artificial avatars. In this paper, we focus on a unimodal representation of interactions and propose to tackle interaction generation in a data-driven fashion. In particular, we model human interaction generation as a discrete multi-sequence generation problem and present SocialInteractionGAN, a novel adversarial architecture for conditional interaction generation. Our model builds on a recurrent encoder-decoder generator network and a dual-stream discriminator, that jointly evaluates the realism of interactions and individual action sequences and operates at different time scales. Crucially, contextual information on interacting participants is shared among agents and reinjected in both the generation and the discriminator evaluation processes. Experiments show that albeit dealing with low dimensional data, SocialInteractionGAN succeeds in producing high realism action sequences of interacting people, comparing favorably to a diversity of recurrent and convolutional discriminator baselines, and we argue that this work will constitute a first stone towards higher dimensional and multimodal interaction generation. Evaluations are conducted using classical GAN metrics, that we specifically adapt for discrete sequential data. Our model is shown to properly learn the dynamics of interaction sequences, while exploiting the full range of available actions.
description: IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2022
Time over threshold in the presence of noise
Creators: name: Gonnella, F.
name: Kozhuharov, V.
name: Raggi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time over threshold is a widely used quantity to describe signals from various detectors in particle physics. Its electronics implementation is straightforward and in this paper we present the studies of its behavior in the presence of noise. A unique comb-like structure was identified in the data for a first time and was explained and modeled successfully. The effects of that structure on the efficiency and resolution are also discussed.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Compatible director fields in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: da Silva, Luiz C. B.
name: Bar, Tal
name: Efrati, Efi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53Z05, 35F50, 53A45, 53A55, 53B50

description: The geometry and interactions between the constituents of a liquid crystal, which are responsible for inducing the partial order in the fluid, may locally favor an attempted phase that could not be realized in $\mathbb{R}^3$. While states that are incompatible with the geometry of $\mathbb{R}^3$ were identified more than 50 years ago, the collection of compatible states remained poorly understood and not well characterized. Recently, the compatibility conditions for three-dimensional director fields were derived using the method of moving frames. These compatibility conditions take the form of six differential relations in five scalar fields locally characterizing the director field. In this work, we rederive these equations using a more transparent approach employing vector calculus. We then use these equations to characterize a wide collection of compatible phases.
description: 37 pages (32 in the published version), 5 figures. Keywords: Geometric frustration, Incompatibility, Liquid crystal, Frobenius. Note: This version is essentially the same as the published one. In addition, it is part of a Collection: Soft Matter Elasticity (https://link.springer.com/collections/ijhficbgii)
Crowded Scene Analysis: A Survey
Creators: name: Li, Teng
name: Chang, Huan
name: Wang, Meng
name: Ni, Bingbing
name: Hong, Richang
name: Yan, Shuicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68-02

description: Automated scene analysis has been a topic of great interest in computer vision and cognitive science. Recently, with the growth of crowd phenomena in the real world, crowded scene analysis has attracted much attention. However, the visual occlusions and ambiguities in crowded scenes, as well as the complex behaviors and scene semantics, make the analysis a challenging task. In the past few years, an increasing number of works on crowded scene analysis have been reported, covering different aspects including crowd motion pattern learning, crowd behavior and activity analysis, and anomaly detection in crowds. This paper surveys the state-of-the-art techniques on this topic. We first provide the background knowledge and the available features related to crowded scenes. Then, existing models, popular algorithms, evaluation protocols, as well as system performance are provided corresponding to different aspects of crowded scene analysis. We also outline the available datasets for performance evaluation. Finally, some research problems and promising future directions are presented with discussions.
description: 20 pages in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 2015
Quantum entangled Sagnac interferometer
Creators: name: Zhao, Wen
name: Tang, Xuan
name: Guo, Xueshi
name: Li, Xiaoying
name: Ou, Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SU(1,1) interferometer (SUI) is a novel type of interferometer that uses directly entangled quantum fields for sensing phase change. For rotational sensing, Sagnac geometry is usually adopted. However, because SUI depends on the phase sum of the two arms, traditional Sagnac geometry, when applied to SUI, will result in null signal. In this paper, we modify the traditional Sagnac interferometer by nesting SU(1,1) interferometers inside. We show that the rotational signal comes from two parts labeled as "classical" and "quantum", respectively, and the quantum part, where quantum entangled fields are used for sensing, has rotational signal enhanced by a factor related to the gain of the SUI.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Confidence Regions Near Singular Information and Boundary Points With Applications to Mixed Models
Creators: name: Ekvall, Karl Oskar
name: Bottai, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose confidence regions with asymptotically correct uniform coverage probability of parameters whose Fisher information matrix can be singular at important points of the parameter set. Our work is motivated by the need for reliable inference on scale parameters close or equal to zero in mixed models, which is obtained as a special case. The confidence regions are constructed by inverting a continuous extension of the score test statistic standardized by expected information, which we show exists at points of singular information under regularity conditions. Similar results have previously only been obtained for scalar parameters, under conditions stronger than ours, and applications to mixed models have not been considered. In simulations our confidence regions have near-nominal coverage with as few as $n = 20$ independent observations, regardless of how close to the boundary the true parameter is. It is a corollary of our main results that the proposed test statistic has an asymptotic chi-square distribution with degrees of freedom equal to the number of tested parameters, even if they are on the boundary of the parameter set.
Additional file 2 of De novo transcriptome assembly from the gonads of a scleractinian coral, Euphyllia ancora: molecular mechanisms underlying scleractinian gametogenesis
Creators: name: Chiu, Yi-Ling
name: Shikina, Shinya
name: Yoshioka, Yuki
name: Chuya Shinzato
name: Ching-Fong Chang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. (Table) Summary of clean read data for 24 samples used in de novo assembly.
Coherent Plasmonic Absorption in the Femtosecond Regime
Creators: name: Nalla, Venkatram
name: Fang, Xu
name: Valente, João
name: Sun, Handong
name: Zheludev, Nikolay I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipation of electromagnetic energy through absorption is a fundamental process that underpins phenomena ranging from photovoltaics to photography, analytical spectroscopy, photosynthesis, and human vision. Absorption is also a dynamic process that depends on the duration of the optical illumination. Here we report on the resonant plasmonic absorption of a nanostructured metamaterial and the non-resonant absorption of an unstructured gold film at different optical pulse durations. By examining the absorption in travelling and standing waves, we observe a plasmonic relaxation time of 11 fs as the characteristic transition time. The metamaterial acts as a beam-splitter with low absorption for shorter pulses, while as a good absorber for longer pulses. The transient nature of the absorption puts a frequency limit of ~90 THz on the bandwidth of coherently-controlled, all-optical switching devices, which is still a thousand times faster than other leading switching technologies.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Exploring the effect of the spatial scale of fishery management
Creators: name: Takashina, Nao
name: Baskett, Marissa L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: For any spatially explicit management, determining the appropriate spatial scale of management decisions is critical to success at achieving a given management goal. Specifically, managers must decide how much to subdivide a given managed region: from implementing a uniform approach across the region to considering a unique approach in each of one hundred patches and everything in between. Spatially explicit approaches, such as the implementation of marine spatial planning and marine reserves, are increasingly used in fishery management. Using a spatially explicit bioeconomic model, we quantify how the management scale affects optimal fishery profit, biomass, fishery effort, and the fraction of habitat in marine reserves. We find that, if habitats are randomly distributed, the fishery profit increases almost linearly with the number of segments. However, if habitats are positively autocorrelated, then the fishery profit increases with diminishing returns. Therefore, the true optimum in management scale given cost to subdivision depends on the habitat distribution pattern.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Dark matter production via a non-minimal coupling to gravity
Creators: name: Lebedev, Oleg
name: Solomko, Timofey
name: Yoon, Jong-Hyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study postinflationary scalar dark matter production via its non-minimal coupling to gravity. During the inflaton oscillation epoch, dark matter is produced resonantly for a sufficiently large non-minimal coupling $ξ\gtrsim 5$. We find that backreaction on the curvature and rescattering effects typically become important for the values of $ξ$ above $30$, which invalidate simple estimates of the production efficiency. At large couplings, the dark matter yield becomes almost independent of $ξ$, signifying approximate quasi-equilibrium in the inflaton-dark matter system. Although the analysis gets complicated by the presence of apparent negative energy in the Jordan frame, this behaviour can be regularized by introducing mild dark matter self-interaction. Using lattice simulations, we delineate parameter space leading to the correct dark matter relic abundance.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures; v2: matches version published in JCAP (added minor clarifications, fixed typos, added references)
Voting-based probabilistic consensuses and their applications in distributed ledgers
Creators: name: Popov, Serguei
name: Müller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We review probabilistic models known as majority dynamics (also known as threshold Voter Models) and discuss their possible applications for achieving consensus in cryptocurrency systems. In particular, we show that using this approach straightforwardly for practical consensus in Byzantine setting can be problematic and requires extensive further research. We then discuss the FPC consensus protocol which circumvents the problems mentioned above by using external randomness.
description: revised version, accepted in Annals of Telecommunications
Charakterisierung eines neuen Tiermodells zur Analyse der Autoimmunpankreatitis in der MRL/Mp-Maus
Creators: name: Lorch, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Seit einigen Jahren wird die Autoimmunpankreatitis (AIP) als eigenständige Entität der chronischen Pankreatitis angesehen. MRL/Mp-Mäuse entwickeln eine spontane Pankreatitis mit autoimmuner Charakteristik. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die AIP der MRL/Mp-Maus umfassend zu untersuchen und neue Einblicke in die autoimmunen Mechanismen der AIP zu gewinnen. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie zeigen erstmals, dass es in der AIP der MRL/Mp-Maus analog zu anderen autoimmunen Erkrankungen zu einer intravitalmikroskopisch nachweisbaren frühen Hochregulierung des Immunsystems kommt.
Gröbner Bases over Algebraic Number Fields
Creators: name: Boku, Dereje Kifle
name: Fieker, Claus
name: Decker, Wolfram
name: Steenpass, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 13P10 (Primary), 11R09, 12F05 (Secondary)

description: Although Buchberger's algorithm, in theory, allows us to compute Gröbner bases over any field, in practice, however, the computational efficiency depends on the arithmetic of the ground field. Consider a field $K = \mathbb{Q}(α)$, a simple extension of $\mathbb{Q}$, where $α$ is an algebraic number, and let $f \in \mathbb{Q}[t]$ be the minimal polynomial of $α$. In this paper we present a new efficient method to compute Gröbner bases in polynomial rings over the algebraic number field $K$. Starting from the ideas of Noro [Noro, 2006], we proceed by joining $f$ to the ideal to be considered, adding $t$ as an extra variable. But instead of avoiding superfluous S-pair reductions by inverting algebraic numbers, we achieve the same goal by applying modular methods as in [Arnold, 2003; Böhm et al., 2015; Idrees et al., 2011], that is, by inferring information in characteristic zero from information in characteristic $p > 0$. For suitable primes $p$, the minimal polynomial $f$ is reducible over $\mathbb{F}_p$. This allows us to apply modular methods once again, on a second level, with respect to the factors of $f$. The algorithm thus resembles a divide and conquer strategy and is in particular easily parallelizable. At current state, the algorithm is probabilistic in the sense that, as for other modular Gröbner basis computations, an effective final verification test is only known for homogeneous ideals or for local monomial orderings. The presented timings show that for most examples, our algorithm, which has been implemented in SINGULAR, outperforms other known methods by far.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Additional file 6 of The association between genetic polymorphisms in ABCG2 and SLC2A9 and urate: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Thitiya Lukkunaprasit
name: Rattanasiri, Sasivimol
name: Saowalak Turongkaravee
name: Naravut Suvannang
name: Atiporn Ingsathit
name: Attia, John
name: Ammarin Thakkinstian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Serum urate. 6.1. Data used for pooling mean difference of ABCG2 and SLC2A9 polymorphisms on serum urate. 6.2. Exploring source of heterogeneity for ABCG2 and SLC2A9 polymorphisms on serum urate. 6.3. Egger’s tests for ABCG2 and SLC2A9 polymorphisms on serum urate. 6.4. Funnel plots for ABCG2 and SLC2A9 polymorphisms on serum urate. (DOCX 412 kb)
From formal smoothings to geometric smoothings
Creators: name: Nobile, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D15

description: Let X be a projective, equidimensional, singular scheme over an algebraically closed field. Then the existence of a geometric smoothing (i.e. a family of deformations of X over a smooth base curve whose generic fibre is smooth) implies the existence of a formal smoothing as defined by Tziolas. In this paper we address the reverse question giving sufficient conditions on X that guarantee the converse, i.e. formal smoothability implies geometric smoothability. This is useful in light of Tziolas' results giving sufficient criteria for the existence of formal smoothings.
Removal of arsenic from contaminated groundwater using laterite, sand and ash: a case study in Son Dong commune, Hoai Duc district, Ha Noi
Creators: name: Nguyen, Quoc Bien
name: Tran, Hai Nam
name: Nguyen, Thi Hoang Ha
Publisher: name: Journal of Vietnamese Environment
Year: 2018

description: Arsenic (As) contaminated groundwater has been a major concern due to the negative impacts to exposed people. This research was conducted to assess and compare the removal efficiency of As from groundwater by laterite, sand, and ash. The experiment was carried out in 14 days in a household scale in Son Dong commune, Hoai Duc district, Ha Noi. Groundwater was pumped directly from a well and flowed through 20 cm (diameter) x 80 cm (length) columns. The initial As concentration in groundwater was 526 µg/L decreasing to an average of 189, 192 and 154 µg/L after being filtrated using sand, ash, and laterite, respectively. Average removal efficiency of sand, ash and laterite during the experiment was 63.3, 63.9, and 70.5%, respectively. Laterite had higher As removal efficiency may be due to higher content of goethite and kaolinite in this sorbent which resulted in better adsorption of As. The concentrations of As in the outflow water were higher than the allowable limit set by the national technical regulation on drinking water quality (QCVN 01:2009/BYT). Therefore, it requires higher volume of sorbents or additional treatment technologies for removal of As from groundwater. Ô nhiễm asen (As) trong nước ngầm hiện nay là một vấn đề cấp bách đối với xã hội bởi những rủi ro tiềm ẩn với sức khoẻ con người. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá và so sánh khả năng hấp phụ As trong nước ngầm của đá ong, cát và tro. Thí nghiệm được tiến hành trong vòng 14 ngày đặt tại một hộ gia đình có nguồn nước ngầm bị ô nhiễm As thuộc xã Sơn Đồng, huyện Hoài Đức, Hà Nội. Nước ngầm được bơm từ giếng và chảy qua các cột đựng vật liệu có đường kính và chiều dài lần lượt là 20 cm và 80 cm. Nồng độ As ban đầu là 526 µg/L đã giảm xuống còn 189, 192 và 154 µg/L sau khi lọc bằng cát, tro và đá ong. Hiệu suất xử lý As trung bình của cát, tro và đá ong lần lượt là 63,3, 63,9 và 70,5 µg/L. Đá ong xử lý As tốt hơn có thể do hàm lượng goethit và kaolinit cao hơn trong vật liệu hấp phụ này dẫn đến khả năng hấp phụ As tốt hơn. Tuy nhiên hàm lượng As trong nước đầu ra vẫn chưa đạt quy chuẩn cho nước uống (QCVN 01:2009/BYT). Do đó, cần tăng thêm lượng vật liệu hoặc kết hợp với các phương pháp khác để xử lý As hiệu quả hơn.
description: Journal of Vietnamese Environment, Vol 9 No 4 (2018)
Parkér & Rejs i Hovedstadsområdet - Erfaringer og fremtidig strategi
Creators: name: Kejser, Kristoffer
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2003

description: DSB, HUR, Vejdirektoratet og Banestyrelsen har for ca. 4 år siden i fællesskab igangsat et arbejde, der har til formål at vurdere fordele og ulemper ved at forbedre forholdene for Parkér & Rejs (P&R) i hovedstadsområdet. Arbejdet er netop nu i sin afsluttende fase, hvorfor der indenfor de nærmeste 1-2 måneder må forventes at ligge et endeligt strategipapir færdigt, hvori erfaringer fra arbejdet gennemgås og anbefalinger for det fremtidige arbejde med Parkér og Rejs i hovedstadsområdet gennemgås. Derfor vurderer samarbejdsparterne, at det er relevant at præsentere arbejdets konklusioner på Trafikdage i Aalborg, på trods af, at der også sidste år var en præsentation af de foreløbige evalueringer af pilotprojekterne. Arbejdet har omfattet 3 faser, som har haft følgende indhold: • Første fase bestod af indsamling og vurdering af såvel danske som udenlandske analyser af og erfaringer med P&R, samt interviews med pendlere i hovedstadsområdet. • Anden fase bestod i at få konkrete erfaringer med at fremme P&R i hovedstadsområdet, bl.a. ved at gennemføre og evaluere 5 pilotprojekter med P&R terminaler, hvor virkemidler som dynamisk trafikinformation, videoovervågede p-pladser, markedsføring mv. er blevet afprøvet. • Tredje fase bestod i at udarbejde en overordnet strategiplan for P&R i Hovedstadsområdet på baggrund af erfaringerne i fase 1 og 2.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2003): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Continuous Phase Transition of the higher-dimensional topological de-Sitter Spacetime with the Non-linear Source
Creators: name: Du, Yun-Zhi
name: Li, Huai-Fan
name: Zhang, Li-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the higher-dimensional dS spacetime embedded with black holes with non-linear charges, there are two horizons with different radiation temperatures. By introducing the interplay between two horizons this system can be regarded as an ordinary thermodynamic system in the thermodynamic equilibrium described by the thermodynamic quantities ($T_{eff},~P_{eff},~V,~S,~Φ_{eff}$). In this work, our focus is on the thermodynamic properties of phase transition for the four-dimensional dS spacetime with different values of the charge correction $\barϕ$. We find that with the increasing of the non-linear charge correction the two horizons get closer and closer, and the correction entropy is negative which indicates the interaction between the two horizons stronger and stronger. Furthermore, the heat capacity at constant pressure, isobaric expansion coefficient, and the isothermal compression coefficient have the schottky peak at the critical point. However, the heat capacity as constant volume for the dS spacetime is nonzero. Finally, the dynamical properties of phase transition for this system have investigated based on Gibbs free energy, where exists the different behavior with that for AdS black holes.
Gate-control of spin-motive force and spin-torque in Rashba SOC systems
Creators: name: Ho, Cong Son
name: Jalil, Mansoor B. A.
name: Tan, Seng Ghee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of a strong Rashba spin orbit coupling (SOC) had been predicted to enhance the spin motive force (SMF) [see Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 108}, 217202 (2012)]. In this work, we predict further enhancement of the SMF by time modulation of the Rashba coupling $α_R$, which induces an additional electric field $E^R_d={\dot α_R} m_e/e\hbar({\hat z}\times {\mathbf m})$. When the modulation frequency is higher than the magnetization precessing frequency, the amplitude of this field is significantly larger than previously predicted results. Correspondingly, the spin torque on the magnetization is also effectively enhanced. Additionally, the nature of SOC induced spin torque in the system can be transformed from damping to antidamping-like by modulating ${\dot α_R}$. We also suggest a biasing scheme to achieve rectification of SMF, {\it i.e.}, by application of a square wave voltage at the resonant frequency. Finally, we numerically estimate the resulting spin torque field arising from a Gaussian pulse time modulation of $α_R$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Analytic Estimation of Region of Attraction of an LQR Controller for Torque Limited Simple Pendulum
Creators: name: Gross, Lukas
name: Maywald, Lasse
name: Kumar, Shivesh
name: Kirchner, Frank
name: Lüth, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linear-quadratic regulators (LQR) are a well known and widely used tool in control theory for both linear and nonlinear dynamics. For nonlinear problems, an LQR-based controller is usually only locally viable, thus, raising the problem of estimating the region of attraction (ROA). The need for good ROA estimations becomes especially pressing for underactuated systems, as a failure of controls might lead to unsafe and unrecoverable system states. Known approaches based on optimization or sampling, while working well, might be too slow in time critical applications and are hard to verify formally. In this work, we propose a novel approach to estimate the ROA based on the analytic solutions to linear ODEs for the torque limited simple pendulum. In simulation and physical experiments, we compared our approach to a Lyapunov-sampling baseline approach and found that our approach was faster to compute, while yielding ROA estimations of similar phase space area.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, to be published in proceedings of 61st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)
Additional file 1 of ASP5094, a humanized monoclonal antibody against integrin alpha-9, did not show efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to methotrexate: results from a phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu
name: Tanaka, Yoshiya
name: Erdman, Jay
name: Kaneko, Yuichiro
name: Saito, Masako
name: Chieri Higashitani
name: Smulders, Ronald
name: Lademacher, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Analyses of ACR50-CRP response at Week 12 by baseline characteristic (NRI; FAS). Supplemental Table 2. Result, change, and percent change from baseline in pharmacodynamics at Week 12. Supplemental Fig. 1 ACR50-CRP response over time.
First-principles insights into f magnetism, a case study on some magnetic pyrochlores
Creators: name: Deilynazar, Najmeh
name: Khorasani, Elham
name: Alaei, Mojtaba
name: Hashemifar, S. Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations are performed to investigate f magnetism in A$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ (A=Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb) magnetic pyrochlore oxides. The Hubbard U parameter and the relativistic spin orbit correction is applied for more accurate description of the electronic structure of the systems. It is argued that the main obstacle for first-principles study of these systems is the multi-minima solutions of their electronic configuration. Among the studied pyrochlores, Gd$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ shows the least multi-minima problem. The crystal electric field theory is applied for phenomenological comparison of the calculated spin and orbital moments with the experimental data.
The Development of a Wax Layer on the Interior Wall of a Circular Pipe Transporting Heated Oil -- The Effects of Temperature Dependent Wax Conductivity
Creators: name: Mason, Sophie Lauren
name: Meyer, John Christopher
name: Needham, David John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76T99, 80A22, 80M35, 80M20

description: In this paper we develop and significantly extend the thermal phase change model, introduced in [12], describing the process of paraffinic wax layer formation on the interior wall of a circular pipe transporting heated oil, when subject to external cooling. In particular we allow for the natural dependence of the solidifying paraffinic wax conductivity on local temperature. We are able to develop a complete theory, and provide efficient numerical computations, for this extended model. Comparison with recent experimental observations is made, and this, together with recent reviews of the physical mechanisms associated with wax layer formation, provide significant support for the thermal model considered here.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures. Reference [12] is to https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmam/hbt025
Evolution of an attractive polarized Fermi gas: From a Fermi liquid of polarons to a non-Fermi liquid at the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov quantum critical point
Creators: name: Pini, Michele
name: Pieri, Pierbiagio
name: Strinati, Giancarlo Calvanese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of an attractive polarized two-component Fermi gas at zero temperature is analyzed as its polarization is progressively decreased, from full polarization (corresponding to the polaronic limit) down to a critical polarization when superfluidity sets in. This critical polarization and the nature of the associated superfluid instability are determined within a fully self-consistent $t$-matrix approach implemented exactly at zero temperature. In this way, the polarization-vs-coupling phase diagram at zero temperature is constructed throughout the whole BCS-BEC crossover. Depending on the coupling strength of the inter-particle interaction between the two components, the superfluid instability can be either toward a Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase or toward a standard polarized BCS phase. The evolution with polarization of the quasi-particle parameters in the normal Fermi gas turns out to be notably different in the two cases. When the instability is toward a polarized BCS superfluid, quasi-particles in the proximity of the two Fermi surfaces remain well defined for all polarizations. When the instability is instead toward an FFLO superfluid, precursor effects become apparent upon approaching the FFLO quantum critical point (QCP), where the quasi-particle residues vanish and the effective masses diverge. This behavior leads to a complete breakdown of the quasi-particle picture characteristic of a Fermi liquid, similarly to what occurs in heavy-fermion materials at an antiferromagnetic QCP. At unitarity, the system is further investigated at finite temperature, making it possible to identify a non-Fermi liquid region in the temperature-vs-polarization phase diagram associated with the underlying FFLO QCP.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures; modified Fig. 5 and text discussing it, added Appendix A7 and Fig. 10, added References, other minor corrections
GRNN: Generative Regression Neural Network -- A Data Leakage Attack for Federated Learning
Creators: name: Ren, Hanchi
name: Deng, Jingjing
name: Xie, Xianghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data privacy has become an increasingly important issue in Machine Learning (ML), where many approaches have been developed to tackle this challenge, e.g. cryptography (Homomorphic Encryption (HE), Differential Privacy (DP), etc.) and collaborative training (Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC), Distributed Learning and Federated Learning (FL)). These techniques have a particular focus on data encryption or secure local computation. They transfer the intermediate information to the third party to compute the final result. Gradient exchanging is commonly considered to be a secure way of training a robust model collaboratively in Deep Learning (DL). However, recent researches have demonstrated that sensitive information can be recovered from the shared gradient. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), in particular, has shown to be effective in recovering such information. However, GAN based techniques require additional information, such as class labels which are generally unavailable for privacy-preserved learning. In this paper, we show that, in the FL system, image-based privacy data can be easily recovered in full from the shared gradient only via our proposed Generative Regression Neural Network (GRNN). We formulate the attack to be a regression problem and optimize two branches of the generative model by minimizing the distance between gradients. We evaluate our method on several image classification tasks. The results illustrate that our proposed GRNN outperforms state-of-the-art methods with better stability, stronger robustness, and higher accuracy. It also has no convergence requirement to the global FL model. Moreover, we demonstrate information leakage using face re-identification. Some defense strategies are also discussed in this work.
description: The source code can be found at: https://github.com/Rand2AI/GRNN
Schönheit und Schutz der Natur an der Atlantikküste bei Praia do Forte, Bahia (Brasilien)
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Janka, Heidrun
name: Rudolph, Roland
name: Schulmeyer, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2009

description: Viele Naturräume in Brasilien sind stark bedroht. Es gibt aber auch sehr erfolgreiche Naturschutz-Projekte. Das vermutlich bekannteste ist das TAMAR-Projekt, das sich dem Schutz der Meeresschildkröten widmet. Um den Ort Praia do Forte, etwa 80 km nördlich von Salvador (Bahia), gibt es außer den geschützten Schildkröten-Stränden ein Naturreservat mit atlantischem Regenwald. Die Naturschutzaktivitäten in diesen Gebieten werden vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 73 Nr. 1 (2009)
Testing parity symmetry of gravity with gravitational waves
Creators: name: Qiao, Jin
name: Li, Zhao
name: Zhu, Tao
name: Ji, Ran
name: Li, Guoliang
name: Zhao, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The examination of parity symmetry in gravitational interactions has drawn increasing attention. Although Einstein's General Relativity is parity-conserved, numerous theories of parity-violating (PV) gravity in different frameworks have recently been proposed for different motivations. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent progress of these theories, and focus on the observable effects of PV terms in the gravitational waves (GWs), which are mainly reflected in the difference between the left-hand and right-hand polarization modes. We are primarily concerned with the implications of these theories for GWs generated by the compact binary coalescences and the primordial GWs generated in the early Universe. The deviation of GW waveforms and/or primordial power spectrum can always be quantified by the energy scale of parity violation of the theory. Applying the current and future GW observation from laser interferometers and cosmic microwave background radiation, the current and potential constraints on the PV energy scales are presented, which indicates that the parity symmetry of gravity can be tested in high energy scale in this new era of gravitational waves.
description: 22 pages, no figures
On deformation spaces of toric singularities and on singularities of K-moduli of Fano varieties
Creators: name: Petracci, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Firstly, we see that the bases of the miniversal deformations of isolated $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein toric singularities are quite restricted. In particular, we classify the analytic germs of embedding dimension $\leq 2$ which are the bases of the miniversal deformations of isolated $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein toric singularities. Secondly, we show that the deformation spaces of isolated Gorenstein toric $3$-fold singularities appear, in a weak sense, as singularities of the K-moduli stack of K-semistable Fano varieties of every dimension $\geq 3$. As a consequence, we prove that the number of local branches of the K-moduli stack of K-semistable Fano varieties and of the K-moduli space of K-polystable Fano varieties is unbounded in each dimension $\geq 3$.
description: 26 pages. v2: title has been changed, exposition has been improved, results are unchanged