cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ETHNONATIONALITY AND INTER-GENERATIONAL DIS-CONTINUITIES. POLITICAL REGIMES, IDEOLOGIES AND MASSES IN BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA AND FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLICS OF MACEDONIA, FROM THEIR YUGOSLAV PAST UNTIL NOWADAYS.
Creators: name: PIACENTINI, ARIANNA MARIA BAMBINA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: This dissertation is centred upon the concept of ?ethnonationality? and aims at investigating how its meanings and functions have possibly changed across generations, political regimes and time periods. The analysis is conducted in the ethnically plural contexts of Bosnia Herzegovina and FYRO Macedonia, and the research covers a time period that goes from the Yugoslav era until nowadays. Members of two differently socialized generations, one of ?Yugoslav parents? and one of ?post-Yugoslav children?, and living together in the same family, have been chosen as unit of analysis of this work in order to better grasp possible inter-generational dis-continuities and dis-similarities entailing meanings and usages of ethnonationality. Starting from the idea that without a temporal perspective any research on the topic would be incomplete, this work doesn?t consider the fall of Yugoslavia as a ?year zero? but, rather, as the outcome of pre-existing mechanisms and conditions that paved the way for the current reality. The time perspective, coupled with an empirical analysis involving two generations, does help to better understand how and why the current post-Yugoslav societies of BiH and Macedonia have come to be the way they are. This work adopts a relational approach, hence it starts from the belief that without a macro exploration any micro explanation would be superficial; and, conversely, without a micro analysis any macro change won?t be properly understood. Performing a multi-dimensional and temporal exploration, thus, allows to understand how macro and micro - hence individuals and structures - interact together, and how their conjoined roles make the system functioning possibly shaping meanings and usages of ethnonationality itself. The aims of this work are, thus, to understand in what extent past and present ?macro-environments? and connected personal experiences have penetrated and shaped the micro-world influencing ideas and behaviours of two generations; and how these two generations? ideas and behaviours influence, meet or clash with each other. In a broader perspective, the analysis performed in this research may tell us something new and interesting about the role played by multinational states and their institutions, political elites, dominant ideologies, families and masses themselves in avoiding/causing conflicts, building democracy or maintaining ethnocracies.
DUAL REGULATION OF ERP44 ACTIVITY IN THE EARLY SECRETORYCOMPARTMENT
Creators: name: SANNINO, SARA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Secretory proteins start their journey from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi undergoing stringent quality control to guarantee the integrity of the secretory proteome. This fundamental process is mediated by the coordinated action of numerous resident chaperones and enzymes. Amongst these, ERp44 is rather unique in that it is a multifunctional chaperone involved in maintaining redox homeostasis and in controlling thiol-mediated quality control and calcium and KDEL-Rs signalling. The crystal structure of ERp44 reveals 3 domains, a, b and b?, and a C terminal tail that connects domain a with b. Here we demonstrate that ERp44 activity is regulated by the pH gradient existing between the ER and Golgi. The more acidic Golgi pH (about 6.5) induces conformational changes in the ERp44 C-terminal tail that simultaneously expose the substrate-binding site and RDEL motif. In this way, ERp44 and its client proteins can be retrieved to the ER, where the higher pH (about 7.1) likely induces complex dissociation. The region at the interface between the C-tail and the substrate binding site is crucial to sense the changes of pH from the ER to the Golgi, acting like a sensor, intrinsic in the amino acidic composition of the protein. Alteration of Golgi pH induces increased secretion of ERp44 clients, due to a lower retentive activity of the chaperone. Moreover, we found that the conserved histidines located at the border between the b? domain and the flexible C-tail are important for regulating ERp44 localization and function. Unlike wild type ERp44, mutants lacking key histidines are O-glycosylated in the Golgi and in part secreted. Interestingly, co-expression of client proteins restores retention of mutant ERp44, suggesting that conserved histidines regulate RDEL exposure in the absence of clients. Surprisingly, not all the clients bind ERp44 in the same compartment of the secretory pathway. Our data indicate that, depending on their affinity for ERp44 binding site and on the surrounding environment (different pH and/or variable cofactor concentration), ERp44-substrate complexes form before or downstream the site where O-linked glycosylation takes place. The client-induced retrieval mechanisms may allow the distinct and sequential localization of ERp44 interactors along the early secretory pathway. Remarkably, endogenous ERp44 can also undergo O-glycosylation in physiological conditions. A cyclic oscillation of the amount of O-glycosylated ERp44 is observed in stromal endometrial cells during the menstrual cycle, suggesting a pathophysiological role of this chaperone in these processes.
Generalized Almost Perfect Nonlinear Binomials and Trinomials Over Fields of Prime-Square Order
Creators: name: Beierle, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11T06, 06E30, 11T71

description: Let $p>3$ be a prime. We show that, for each integer $d$ with $p \leq d \leq 2(p-1)$, there exists a generalized almost perfect nonlinear (GAPN) binomial or trinomial over $\mathbb{F}_{p^2}$ of algebraic degree $d$. We start by deriving sufficient conditions for the function $G \colon \mathbb{F}_{p^2} \rightarrow \mathbb{F}_{p^2}, X \mapsto X^{d_1} + u X^{d_2}$ to be GAPN in the case where one of the terms of $G$ is GAPN. We then give explicit constructions of GAPN binomials over $\mathbb{F}_{p^2}$ of any odd algebraic degree between $p$ and $2(p-1)$ and, in the case where $p$ is not a Mersenne prime, also of any even algebraic degree in this range. To obtain GAPN functions of even algebraic degree also in the general case, we finally show how to construct GAPN trinomials over $\mathbb{F}_{p^2}$ of any even algebraic degree between $p$ and $2(p-1)$ by applying a characterization of a special form of GAPN binomials by Özbudak and Sălăgean. Our constructed functions are the first GAPN functions of even algebraic degree over extension fields of odd characteristic reported so far.
Quantum walk for SU(1,1)
Creators: name: Duan, Liwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to implement the quantum walk for SU(1,1) in the phase space, which generalizes those associated with the Heisenberg-Weyl group. The movement of the walker described by the SU(1,1) coherent states can be visualized on the hyperboloid or the Poincaré disk. In both one-mode and two-mode realizations, we introduce the corresponding coin-flip and conditional-shift operators for the SU(1,1) group, whose relations with those for Heisenberg-Weyl group are analyzed. The probability distribution, standard deviation and the von Neumann entropy are employed to describe the walking process. The nonorthogonality of the SU(1,1) coherent states precludes the quantum walk for SU(1,1) from the idealized one. However, the overlap between different SU(1,1) coherent states can be reduced by increasing the Bargmann index $k$, which indicates that the two-mode realization provides more possibilities to simulate the idealized quantum walk.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
A nonlocal curve flow in centro-affine geometry
Creators: name: Jiang, Xinjie
name: Yang, Yun
name: Yu, Yanhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the isoperimetric inequality in centro-affine plane geometry is obtained. We also investigate the long-term behavior of an invariant plane curve flow, whose evolution process can be expressed as a second-order nonlinear parabolic equation with respect to centro-affine curvature. The forward and backward limits in time are discussed, which shows that a closed convex embedded curve may converge to an ellipse when evolving according to this flow.
title: Fernunterricht im Dolmetschen im Sommersemester 2020 am ZTW aus Studierendensicht
Creators: name: Amesberger, Lena
Year: 2021

description: Die Covid-19-Pandemie erforderte Anfang des Sommersemesters 2020 eine Umstellung der universitären Lehre auf Fernlehre. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird untersucht, welche Erfahrungen die Konferenzdolmetschstudierenden im Masterstudiengang Translation an der Universität Wien mit dieser plötzlichen Umstellung machten. Dafür wurde eine quantitative Onlinebefragung, erstellt auf Basis einer qualitativen Interviewvorstudie, unter den Dolmetschstudierenden am Zentrum für Translationswissenschaft (ZTW) durchgeführt. Bevor die Umfrageergebnisse in der vorliegenden Arbeit ausgewertet werden, werden die Rahmenbedingungen beschrieben, die im Frühjahr 2020 zur Umstellung auf Fernlehre führten. Anschließend werden die Ausbildungstraditionen im Bereich Konferenzdolmetschen analysiert und Dolmetsch-Fernlehrprojekte vorgestellt, die vor der Covid-19-bedingten Fernlehre umgesetzt wurden. Bevor die Umfrageergebnisse ausgewertet und diskutiert werden, wird das methodische Vorgehen detailliert beschrieben. Die Umfrageergebnisse zeigen unter anderem, dass es möglich war, das Dolmetschstudium am ZTW im Sommersemester 2020 in Fernlehre erfolgreich weiterzuführen, und dass unter den gegebenen Umständen aus Studierendensicht das synchrone Format besser für die Dolmetschfernlehre geeignet war als das asynchrone Format. Außerdem lassen die Ergebnisse darauf schließen, dass sich Dolmetschstudierende in der zukünftigen Dolmetschlehre einen größeren Fokus auf das Ferndolmetschen wünschen.
description: At the beginning of the summer term 2020, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic forced universities to move courses online. The present thesis examines how conference interpreting students at the University of Vienna experienced the interpreting courses held at a distance during the summer term 2020. For this purpose, a quantitative online survey, based on qualitative interviews, was conducted among the interpreting students at the university’s Centre for Translation Studies. Before the survey results are analysed, the present thesis deals with the events leading to the forced transition to remote teaching in the spring of 2020. Furthermore, the author discusses traditions of teaching conference interpreting and looks into the history of remote teaching in the field of interpreting. Following the detailed description of the methodological approach in the creation of the student survey, the survey results are assessed and interpreted. The most important survey findings are that remote teaching at the Centre for Translation Studies in the summer term 2020 was organised in such a way that the majority of interpreting classes could be held online successfully and that under the given circumstances, students were more satisfied with synchronous interpreting classes than with asynchronous ones. Furthermore, the survey results show that students would like to see a greater focus on remote interpreting in future interpreter training.
Catastrogenesis: DM, GWs, and PBHs from ALP string-wall networks
Creators: name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
name: Simpson, Anna
name: Vitagliano, Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion-like particles (ALPs), a compelling candidate for dark matter (DM), are the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons of a spontaneously and explicitly broken global $U(1)$ symmetry. When the symmetry breaking happens after inflation, the ALP cosmology predicts the formation of a string-wall network which must annihilate early enough, producing gravitational waves (GWs) and primordial black holes (PBHs), as well as non-relativistic ALPs. We call this process catastrogenesis. We show that, under the generic assumption that the potential has several degenerate minima, GWs from string-wall annihilation at temperatures below 100 eV could be detected by future CMB and astrometry probes, for ALPs with mass from $10^{-16}$ to $10^{6}\,\rm eV$. In this case, structure formation could limit ALPs to constitute a fraction of the DM and the annihilation would produce mostly ``stupendously large" PBHs. For larger annihilation temperatures, ALPs can constitute $100\%$ of DM, and the annihilation could produce supermassive black holes with a mass of up to $10^9\, M_\odot$ as found at the center of large galaxies. Therefore our model could solve two mysteries, the nature of the DM and the origin of these black holes.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures. Matches published version
Directional Dark Matter Detection Beyond the Neutrino Bound
Creators: name: Grothaus, Philipp
name: Fairbairn, Malcolm
name: Monroe, Jocelyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent scattering of solar, atmospheric and diffuse supernovae neutrinos creates an irreducible background for direct dark matter experiments with sensitivities to WIMP-nucleon spin-independent scattering cross-sections of 10^(-46)-10^(-48) cm^2, depending on the WIMP mass. Even if one could eliminate all other backgrounds, this "neutrino floor" will limit future experiments with projected sensitivities to cross-sections as small as 10^(-48) cm^2. Direction-sensitive detectors have the potential to study dark matter beyond the neutrino bound by fitting event distributions in multiple dimensions: recoil kinetic energy, recoil track angle with respect to the sun, and event time. This work quantitatively explores the impact of direction-sensitivity on the neutrino bound in dark matter direct detection.
description: matches the published version, figure 4 updated plus extended discussion about neutrino flux uncertainties and detector resolutions, 13 pages, 11 figures
Flows into de Sitter space from anisotropic initial conditions: An effective field theory approach
Creators: name: Azhar, Feraz
name: Kaiser, David I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For decades, physicists have analyzed various versions of a ``cosmic no-hair" conjecture, to understand under what conditions a spacetime that is initially spatially anisotropic and/or inhomogeneous will flow into an isotropic and homogeneous state. Wald's theorem, in particular, established that homogeneous but anisotropic spacetimes, if filled with a positive cosmological constant plus additional matter sources that satisfy specific energy conditions, will necessarily flow toward an (isotropic) de Sitter state at late times. In this paper we study the flow of homogeneous but anisotropic spacetimes toward isotropic states under conditions more general than those to which Wald's theorem applies. We construct an effective field theory (EFT) treatment for generic ``single-clock" systems in anisotropic spacetimes -- which are not limited to realizations compatible with scalar-field constructions -- and identify fixed points in the resulting phase space. We identify regions of this phase space that flow to isotropic fixed points -- including a de Sitter fixed point -- even in the absence of a bare cosmological constant, and for matter sources that do not obey the energy conditions required for Wald's theorem. Such flows into de Sitter reveal the emergence of an effective cosmological constant.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures. Minor edits and references added to match published version
Effective shear and bulk viscosities of the quark-gluon plasma: QCD versus heavy-ion data
Creators: name: Gardim, Fernando G.
name: Ollitrault, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, there has been a significant effort to extract the temperature-dependent shear ($η/s$) and bulk ($ζ/s$) viscosity over entropy ratios of the quark-gluon plasma from a global comparison of heavy-ion data with results of hydrodynamic simulations. However, anisotropic flow, which is arguably the most sensitive probe of viscosity, is only sensitive to an {\it effective\/} viscosity over entropy ratio, which is obtained by taking a weighted average over the temperature, and summing the contributions of shear and bulk. We estimate this effective viscosity using existing first-principles calculations, which give $0.17<(η/s)_{\rm eff}<0.21$, and $(ζ/s)_{\rm eff}<0.08$, implying that the damping of anisotropic flow at the LHC is mostly due to shear viscosity. The values extracted from global data analyses are compatible with these theory predictions.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Determination of $f_+^K(0)$ and Extraction of $|V_{cs}|$ from Semileptonic $D$ Decays
Creators: name: Fang, Y.
name: Rong, G.
name: Ma, H. L.
name: Zhao, J. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By globally analyzing all existing measured branching fractions and partial rates in different four momentum transfer-squared $q^2$ bins of $D\to Ke^+ν_e$ decays, we obtain the product of the form factor and magnitude of CKM matrix element $V_{cs}$ to be $f_+^K(0)|V_{cs}|=0.717\pm0.004$. With this product, we determine the $D\to K$ semileptonic form factor $f_+^K(0)=0.737\pm0.004\pm0.000$ in conjunction with the value of $|V_{cs}|$ determined from the SM global fit. Alternately, with the product together with the input of the form factor $f_+^K(0)$ calculated in lattice QCD recently, we extract $|V_{cs}|^{D\to Ke^+ν_e}=0.962\pm0.005\pm0.014$, where the error is still dominated by the uncertainty of the form factor calculated in lattice QCD. Combining the $|V_{cs}|^{D_s^+\to\ell^+ν_\ell}=1.012\pm0.015\pm0.009$ extracted from all existing measurements of $D^+_s\to\ell^+ν_\ell$ decays and $|V_{cs}|^{D\to Ke^+ν_e}=0.962\pm0.005\pm0.014$ together, we find the most precisely determined $|V_{cs}|$ to be $|V_{cs}|=0.983\pm0.011$, which improves the accuracy of the PDG'2014 value $|V_{cs}|^{\rm PDG'2014}=0.986\pm0.016$ by $45\%$.
title: Entwicklung und Optimierung einer Methode zur Herstellung von Gemcitabinderivat-haltigen PLGA-Nanopartikeln
Creators: name: Wimmer, Lukas
Year: 2020

description: Weltweit zählen Blasenkarzinome zu den am häufigsten auftretenden malignen Erkrankungen. Bei 75% der Patienten manifestiert sich ein Blasenkarzinom des nicht-muskelinvasiven Typs, welcher üblicherweise nach einer Resektion des Tumors durch eine intravesikale Instillation von Zytostatika therapiert wird. Dabei wird häufig auf Gemcitabin zurückgegriffen, ein Desoxycytidin-Analogon aus der Wirkstoffklasse der Antimetaboliten. Es wurden 4-N-Acyl-Gemcitabin-Derivate mit Fettsäuren unterschiedlicher Kettenlänge synthetisiert um die geringe Lipophilie von Gemcitabin zu erhöhen und die Halbwertszeit zu verlängern. Die erfolgreiche Kopplung konnte mittels FTIR, NMR und LogP-Bestimmung bestätigt werden. Im nächsten Schritt wurden die synthetisierten Gemcitabin-Derivate in eine Poly-Lactid-co-Glycolid-Nanopartikelmatrix eingebaut. Es wurden zwei unterschiedliche Partikelherstellungsprotokolle (Herstellung mittels Magnetrührer-Methode und Herstellung mittels Ultraschall-Methode) erarbeitet, wobei hinsichtlich der Reproduzierbarkeit und der Partikelgrößenverteilung die Ultraschallmethode überlegen war. Mit zunehmender Lipophilie des Gemcitabin-Derivats stieg auch der Wirkstoffgehalt der Nanopartikel. In Suspension zeigten die wirkstoffbeladenen Nanopartikel keine Agglomerationstendenzen. Auch die Lyophilisation der Partikel hatte keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf die durchschnittliche Partikelgröße und den Polydispersitätsindex. Im Zuge der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein reproduzierbares Partikelherstellungsprotokoll entwickelt, der Zusammenhang zwischen Lipophilie der Gemcitabin-Derivate und der Einbaurate in die Partikelmatrix beschrieben, sowie die Verkapselungsrate der Gemcitabin-Derivate maximiert.
The Free Energy Principle drives neuromorphic development
Creators: name: Fields, Chris
name: Friston, Karl
name: Glazebrook, James F.
name: Levin, Michael
name: Marcianò, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We show how any system with morphological degrees of freedom and locally limited free energy will, under the constraints of the free energy principle, evolve toward a neuromorphic morphology that supports hierarchical computations in which each level of the hierarchy enacts a coarse-graining of its inputs, and dually a fine-graining of its outputs. Such hierarchies occur throughout biology, from the architectures of intracellular signal transduction pathways to the large-scale organization of perception and action cycles in the mammalian brain. Formally, the close formal connections between cone-cocone diagrams (CCCD) as models of quantum reference frames on the one hand, and between CCCDs and topological quantum field theories on the other, allow the representation of such computations in the fully-general quantum-computational framework of topological quantum neural networks.
Comparative Study of the Performance of Quantum Annealing and Simulated Annealing
Creators: name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
name: Tsuda, Junichi
name: Knysh, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relations of simulated annealing and quantum annealing are studied by a mapping from the transition matrix of classical Markovian dynamics of the Ising model to a quantum Hamiltonian and vice versa. It is shown that these two operators, the transition matrix and the Hamiltonian, share the eigenvalue spectrum. Thus, if simulated annealing with slow temperature change does not encounter a difficulty caused by an exponentially long relaxation time at a first-order phase transition, the same is true for the corresponding process of quantum annealing in the adiabatic limit. One of the important differences between the classical-to-quantum mapping and the converse quantum-to-classical mapping is that the Markovian dynamics of a short-range Ising model is mapped to a short-range quantum system, but the converse mapping from a short-range quantum system to a classical one results in long-range interactions. This leads to a difference in efficiencies that simulated annealing can be efficiently simulated by quantum annealing but the converse is not necessarily true. We conclude that quantum annealing is easier to implement and is more flexible than simulated annealing. We also point out that the present mapping can be extended to accommodate explicit time dependence of temperature, which is used to justify the quantum-mechanical analysis of simulated annealing by Somma, Batista, and Ortiz. Additionally, an alternative method to solve the non-equilibrium dynamics of the one-dimensional Ising model is provided through the classical-to-quantum mapping.
description: 19 pages
Generalized cable formalism to calculate the magnetic field of single neurons and neuronal populations
Creators: name: Bedard, Claude
name: Destexhe, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neurons generate magnetic fields which can be recorded with macroscopic techniques such as magneto-encephalography. The theory that accounts for the genesis of neuronal magnetic fields involves dendritic cable structures in homogeneous resistive extracellular media. Here, we generalize this model by considering dendritic cables in extracellular media with arbitrarily complex electric properties. This method is based on a multi-scale mean-field theory where the neuron is considered in interaction with a "mean" extracellular medium (characterized by a specific impedance). We first show that, as expected, the generalized cable equation and the standard cable generate magnetic fields that mostly depend on the axial current in the cable, with a moderate contribution of extracellular currents. Less expected, we also show that the nature of the extracellular and intracellular media influence the axial current, and thus also influence neuronal magnetic fields. We illustrate these properties by numerical simulations and suggest experiments to test these findings.
description: Physical Review E (in press); 24 pages, 16 figures
Convergence Arguments to Bridge Cauchy and Matérn Covariance Functions
Creators: name: Faouzi, Tarik
name: Procu, Emilio
name: Kondrashuk, Igor
name: Bevilacqua, Moreno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Matérn and the Generalized Cauchy families of covariance functions have a prominent role in spatial statistics as well as in a wealth of statistical applications. The Matérn family is crucial to index mean-square differentiability of the associated Gaussian random field; the Cauchy family is a decoupler of the fractal dimension and Hurst effect for Gaussian random fields that are not self-similar. Our effort is devoted to prove that a scale-dependent family of covariance functions, obtained as a reparameterization of the Generalized Cauchy family, converges to a particular case of the Matérn family, providing a somewhat surprising bridge between covariance models with light tails and covariance models that allow for long memory effect.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures and one Table
‘Europe’s cockroaches’ : freedom of expression, hate speech and their impact on refugee human rights
Creators: name: O'Hehir, Rachael
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: freedom of expression
hate speech
refugees
Europe
right-wing extremists

description: Second semester University: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
description: This thesis looks at our right to freedom of expression. Through a philosophical and legal perspective, freedom of expression is examined. It highlights some of the key ideas of John Milton and John Stuart Mill who are notable defenders of this right. Through the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and different international human rights conventions, it displays how issues related to this right are addressed in the international arena. Furthermore, this thesis explores how the extreme right-wing political parties in Europe distort this right and how this distortion impacts the human rights of refugees. This implication on the human rights of refugees takes the form of social categorization and dehumanization through hate speech emitted on social media and political campaigns. Finally, this thesis ends with looking at the perception that the public have of freedom of expression and their attitudes towards the hate speech of refugees. Ultimately it portrays the harsh realities that refugees face at the hands of words that are used to describe them and their presence in Europe and how the public reacts to these words.
Beyond Plans
Creators: name: Sherman, Stephen Averill
name: Chakraborty, Arnab
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Previous studies of the impact of scenario usage in regional planning have shown limited results: Municipalities may not follow recommendations of the regional plan, and regional agencies themselves may ignore unpopular contingent futures. Though helpful, studies on scenarios and their direct impact on local plans may overlook important but less noticeable ways in which scenario planning can shape local and regional planning practice. To address this gap, we investigated scenario planning processes in three U.S. metropolitan areas with varying types of regional planning agencies and different scenario planning histories. Our work involved a review of three regional plans, 52 local plans, and nine confirmatory interviews. We found that the normative and exploratory scenarios common in regional planning rarely influence local comprehensive plans, especially in suburban municipalities. However, we also found that the regional scenario plans influenced planning practices and norms across the regions in ways that did not appear in plan documents. Our findings suggest that regional scenario planning can help practitioners identify new challenges, creatively engaging the future and shaping regional agencies, but such outcomes require institutional coordination, potentially executed by the regional agency performing technical assistance. Planners should consider how the groups that guide scenario plans can be de facto political bodies, advocating for better planning practices. To make the regional scenario plan effective at the local level, regional agencies should institutionalize local partnership building.
title: Novel states of matter for topological polymers
Creators: name: Chubak, Iurii
Year: 2020

description: Funktionalisierte Polymerstrukturen haben in letzter Zeit aufgrund ihrer Reaktion auf extern auferlegte Stimuli großes Interesse geweckt. Mithilfe solcher Bausteine können Materialien der nächsten Generation mit kontrollierbaren Eigenschaften entwickelt werden. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit zwei Klassen von Polymersystemen mit nichttrivialer Architektur, Sternen und Ringen, die funktionalisierte Blöcke enthalten. In beiden Fällen führt die Kopplung zwischen einem Stimulus und funktionalisierten Blöcken zu einer charakteristischen mikroskopischen Dynamik, die einzigartigen makroskopischen Selbstorganisationswege eröffnet. Im Fall von Sternen, bei denen der Stimulus zu einer von der Lösungsmittelqualität abhängigen Anziehungskraft zwischen den funktionalisierten Blöcken führt, finden wir die Formation miteinander verbundener Mizellenaggregate in sehr verdünnten Lösungen und die Entwicklung einer netzwerkartigen Systemstruktur, wenn die Polymerkonzentration erhöht wird. Im Fall von Ringen, bei denen der Stimulus auf eine Nichtgleichgewichtsweise durch unterschiedliche Aktivitätsniveaus zwischen funktionalisierten und nicht funktionalisierten Blöcken eingeführt wird, finden wir die Bildung eines bisher nicht bekannten Materiezustands, der auf topologischen Threading-Einschränkungen und Aktivität bei hohen Polymerkonzentrationen beruht — das so- genannte aktive topologische Glas. Die Eigenschaften von Gleichgewichtsringpolymerschmelzen sowie diejenigen des aktiven topologischen Glases werden in Bezug auf bio- physikalische Phänomene im Zellkern weiter diskutiert.
description: Functionalized polymeric structures have recently attracted considerable interest due to their responsiveness to externally imposed stimuli. Such systems can be used to design next-generation materials with controllable properties. This work focuses on two classes of polymeric systems with nontrivial architectural composition, stars and rings, that contain functionalized blocks. In each case, the coupling between a stimulus and functionalized blocks introduces distinctive microscopic dynamics that can yield unique macroscopic self- organization pathways. In the case of stars, where the stimulus leads to the solvent quality dependent attraction strength between the functionalized blocks, we find the formation of interconnected micellar aggregates in very dilute solutions and the development of a network-like system structure as the polymer concentration is increased. In the case of rings, where the stimulus is introduced in a non-equilibrium way through different activity levels between functionalized and non-functionalized blocks, we find the formation of a hitherto unobserved state of matter that is built on topological threading constrains and activity at high polymer concentrations — the so-called active topological glass. The properties of equilibrium ring polymer melts as well as of the active topological glass are further discussed in relation to biophysical phenomena in the cell nucleus.
Mapping single-shot angle-resolved spectroscopic micro-ellipsometry with sub-5 microns lateral resolution
Creators: name: Kenaz, Ralfy
name: Rapaport, Ronen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a widely used optical technique both in industry and research for determining the optical properties and thickness of thin films. The effective use of spectroscopic ellipsometry on micro-structures is inhibited by technical limitations on lateral resolution and data acquisition rate. Here we introduce a spectroscopic micro-ellipsometer (SME), capable of measuring spectrally resolved ellipsometric data at many angles of incidence in a single-shot with a lateral resolution down to 2 microns. The SME can be easily integrated into generic optical microscopes by addition of a few stock optics. We demonstrate complex refractive index and thickness measurements by the SME which are in excellent agreement with a commercial spectroscopic ellipsometer. As an application for its accuracy and high lateral resolution, the SME can characterize the optical properties and number of layers of exfoliated transition-metal dichalcogenides and graphene, for structures that are a few microns in size.
Consistency of dark matter interpretations of the 3.5 keV X-ray line
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
name: Frey, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tentative evidence of a 3.5 keV X-ray line has been found in the stacked spectra of galaxy clusters, individual clusters, the Andromeda galaxy and the galactic center, leading to speculation that it could be due to decays of metastable dark matter such as sterile neutrinos. However searches for the line in other systems such as dwarf satellites of the Milky Way have given negative or ambiguous results. We reanalyze both the positive and negative searches from the point of view that the line is due to inelastic scattering of dark matter to an excited state that subsequently decays---the mechanism of excited dark matter (XDM). Unlike the metastable dark matter scenario, XDM gives a stronger signal in systems with higher velocity dispersions, such as galaxy clusters. We show that the predictions of XDM can be consistent with null searches from dwarf satellites, while the signal from the closest individual galaxies can be detectable having a flux consistent with that from clusters. We discuss the impact of our new fits to the data for two specific realizations of XDM.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures; v.2. corrected error in M31 field of view; main results unchanged; v.3. incorporated results from arXiv:1411.0050, improved fig. 1, added references; v.4. changed title for journal, added references, clarified role of XDM parameters; v.5. fixed typos, content matches published version
title: Herstellung, Charakterisierung und Modifikation von Nanopartikeln aus bovinem Serumalbumin mit dem Targeter-Molekül WGA als Teil der Hüllmatrix
Creators: name: Grünwald, Domenik
Year: 2021

description: In der Pharmazeutischen Technologie lag in den letzten Jahren vermehrt ein Fokus auf dem Einsatz von Proteinpartikeln als Transporter diverser Arzneistoffe. Proteine eignen sich sehr gut als Hüllmaterial, da sie biologisch abbaubar sind. Es erfolgte zunächst eine Optimierung eines bereits etablierten Herstellungsverfahrens für Proteinkapseln hinsichtlich der Aufreinigung und Partikelausbeute. Mit Hilfe der optimierten Methode konnten aus bovinem Serumalbumin als Hüllmaterial und Dodecan als lipophilem Kern Partikel im Nanometerbereich produziert werden. Die hergestellten Proteinpartikel wurden hinsichtlich Größe, Polydispersitätsindex und Zetapotential charakterisiert. Durch die Partikelcharakterisierung wurde festgestellt, dass die Verwendung unterschiedlicher organischer Lösungsmittel (Bsp. Hexan) als Kernmaterial Einfluss auf die chemisch-physikalischen Parameter und in weiterer Folge Auswirkungen auf die Stabilität dieser Partikel hatte. Zusätzlich konnten die Nanopartikel mit Weizenkeimlektin erfolgreich funktionalisiert werden. WGA interagiert mit N-acetyl-D-Glucosamin- und Sialinsäureresten, die vor allem an der Glykokalyx von Karzinomzellen vermehrt exprimiert vorliegen. Diese Modifikation sollte daher eine verstärkte Bindung der Proteinpartikel an Tumorzellen ermöglichen. Um diese spezifische Bindung zu analysieren, wurden Einzelzell- und Monolayerversuche an 5637-Zellen durchgeführt. Die erhöhte Affinität zu kanzerogenen Zellen konnte sowohl fluorimetrisch (fBSA) mit Hilfe der Durchflusszytometrie als auch über Absorptionsmessungen (Oil Red O) mittels TECAN bestätigt werden. Zur visuellen Darstellung wurden fluoreszenzmikroskopische Aufnahmen der behandelten 5637-Zellen gemacht. Abschließend wurde das Verhalten der Partikel an Zellen bei physiologischen Bedingungen untersucht. Hierbei konnte beobachtet werden, dass die Nanokapseln bei 37 °C in das Zellinnere aufgenommen werden. Dabei war das Ausmaß der Internalisation der Proteinpartikel nach Modifikation mit WGA deutlich erhöht, wodurch ein „aktives drug targeting“ dieser Arzneiform möglich wäre.
Challenges for the justiciability of economic, social and cultural rights: a critical appraisal of Inter-American and European human rights protection systems
Creators: name: Freitas, Cintia Sousa
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: economic social and cultural rights
regional human rights protection systems
America
Europe

description: Second semester University: University of Graz
description: The main objective of this study is to analyse the challenges for the justiciability of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ESCR) under the European and Inter-American human rights protection systems. The legal frameworks will be analysed as well as the arguments and methods of interpretation promoted by the responsible bodies trying to overcome obstacles to the effective protection of ESCR. The matter of justiciability of ESCR has gained and still is gaining increasing attention since the effective protection of the latter can improve the quality of life of those who need it most and drastically reduce poverty and social inequalities. Therefore, the relevance of this thesis lays in the assessment of the state of the art of the discussion on the justiciability of ESCR as reflected in academia and in the most recent case law of the bodies of the CoE and the OAS. Additionally, the thesis outlines a new way forward for developing a coherent approach to the autonomous justiciability of all ESCR.
Tilt induced vortical response and mixed anomaly in inhomogeneous Weyl matter
Creators: name: Rostamzadeh, Saber
name: Tasdemir, Sevval
name: Sarisaman, Mustafa
name: Jafari, S. A.
name: Goerbig, Mark-Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a non-dissipative transport effect and vortical response in Weyl semimetals in the presence of spatial inhomogeneities, namely a spatially varying tilt of the Weyl cones. We show that when the spectrum is anisotropic and tilted due to spatial lattice variations, one is confronted with generalized quantum anomalies due to the effective fields stemming from the tilt structure. In particular, we demonstrate that the position-dependent tilt parameter induces local vorticity, thus generating a chiral vortical effect even in the absence of rotation or magnetic fields. As a consequence, it couples to the electric field and thus contributes to the anomalous Hall effect.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Latency Analysis of a Haptically-Enabled Robot for Teleoperated Echocardiography
Creators: name: Hidalgo Florez, Edgar
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Advancements in ultrasound examination have improved diagnostic accessibility; however, access to this technology and medical expertise in remote regions remains a significant challenge. This thesis explores the use of collaborative robots and haptic technology to facilitate teleoperated echocardiography in remote locations. A comprehensive literature review identified the absence of haptic feedback and the reliance on high-quality network connections in previously developed systems. This research assesses lightweight communication protocols and the impact of network latency on a newly developed Haptically Enabled Robot for Teleoperated Echocardiography (HERTEC). A pilot study with five echocardiographers demonstrated the system's feasibility for future clinical applications.
The Institutional Dynamics of Land Use Planning
Creators: name: Grodach, Carl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Manufacturing and industrial activity can contribute to sustainable economic development, but this potential is lost to urban industrial rezonings. This is particularly the case in strong market cities where pressures to develop higher-value residential and office space are strong. The literature has documented the industrial displacement process but has yet to probe the institutional factors behind industrial rezonings or the conditions that may catalyze supportive industrial land use policy. I contribute to filling this research gap by exploring how institutional dynamics shape industrial land use planning in San Francisco (CA). Drawing on interviews and document analysis, I show how formal governance institutions, locally embedded intermediary organizations, and policy imaginaries shape policy change. Despite success in redefining and promoting the value of urban industrial lands, ongoing pressures remain with balancing competing land use agendas and priorities. This research highlights the tradeoffs and pressures involved in creating urban industrial land use policy in high-cost cities. The case draws attention to the importance of considering how the local institutional context for policymaking intersects with industry and urban development dynamics rather than assuming market logic alone dictates land use. Planners can better balance competing land use agendas and achieve positive outcomes when they focus on controlling policy narratives and work with intermediary organizations that possess specialist knowledge and connections.
Geographical Differences in Lifestyle Risk Factors for Endometrial Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Survival: The Women’s Health Initiative Longitudinal Cohort
Creators: name: Somasegar, Sahana
name: Kurian, Allison
name: Stefanick, Marcia
name: Hedlin, Haley
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Uterus--Cancer
subject: Regional disparities

description: Endometrial cancer is a prevalent gynecologic cancer in the United States, with high incidence and mortality rates, particularly among postmenopausal women. Obesity is a significant risk factor for endometrial cancer, and studies have shown significant racial disparities in endometrial cancer outcomes. We utilized the Women’s Health Initiative study to compare baseline demographic and lifestyle factors, e.g., physical activity, body mass index, diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, education, etc.) across the four United States census geographic regions among women who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer (N=1803) compared to those without endometrial cancer (N=92,054). Our analysis revealed moderate differences in self-reported race and BMI between women with and without endometrial cancer. When comparing endometrial cancer patients across geographic regions, similar BMI trends were observed, but significant differences in self-reported race were only apparent in the West and South. We also found that the incidence and survival of endometrial cancer did not exhibit substantial variations based on geographic location, suggesting that region may not strongly influence these outcomes. While the Northeast and West had slightly higher incidence rates compared to the South and Midwest, these differences did not reach statistical significance. Additionally, the analysis of histology and stage revealed geographic disparities in the prevalence of serous/papillary serous carcinoma and disease stage, with the highest proportion being in the Northeast. However, overall survival rates did not significantly vary across geographic regions. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding of endometrial cancer epidemiology and underscore the significance of considering racial disparities and histologic subtypes in the study of this disease.
Offenheit von Wissen
Creators: name: Hapke, Thomas
name: Rajski, Beate
name: Bieler, Detlev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: #OAWeek
#OAWeek2018
Open Knowledge

description: Poster zur Offenheit von Wissen: Eine globale digitale Welt, die an Nachhaltigkeit orientiert ist, ist immer mehr auf Offenheit angewiesen. Diese umfasst u.a. den kostenfreien und öffentlichen Zugang zu Literatur und anderen Materialien im Netz -> Open Access, zu Lern- und Lehrmaterialien -> Open Educational Resources sowie zu Datenbeständen jedweder Art -> Open Data: Dieser Zugang wird durch eine offene technische Infrastruktur, z.B. -> Open Source Software unter Nutzung offener Standards, sichergestellt, die auch offene Entwicklungsprozesse ermöglicht -> Open Development, Open Peer Review, Open Research,… .