cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-Lipogenic ABCA1 Inducers for Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Lewandowski, Cutler T
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Increased expression of the ATP-binding cassette family member A1 (ABCA1) protein elicits numerous therapeutic effects against type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and other related conditions in preclinical models. However, side effects such as increased lipogenesis and neutropenia have precluded translation of ABCA1-inducing compounds to the clinic. This project utilized a unique phenotypic strategy to develop selective, non-lipogenic ABCA1 inducers as multifunctional therapeutic candidates for Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes. The approach consisted of chemical synthesis to optimize a screening hit into lead candidates with enhanced potency and efficacy, followed by testing in an array of cell and animal models. Hit-to-lead optimization of the initial screening hit F420 yielded two key lead compounds, CL2-57 and CL3-3. Both lead compounds selectively enhanced expression of ABCA1 over genes promoting hepatic lipogenesis. This selectivity stemmed from combined agonist and antagonist effects at multiple nuclear receptor isoforms, which represented a novel mechanism of action. Additionally, compound CL3-3 displayed a stronger combination of potency for ABCA1 induction and selectivity against lipogenic gene induction than the best previously reported agonists. These two non-lipogenic ABCA1 inducers also enhanced cholesterol efflux and blunted pro-inflammatory signaling in cell-based assays. After in vitro testing, the lead compounds were evaluated for safety and efficacy in mouse models. Both ABCA1 inducers maintained functional selectivity in vivo, enhancing ABCA1 expression and modifying disease phenotypes while avoiding unwanted effects, such as increased triglycerides. Major efficacy readouts included phenotypic, biochemical, and metabolomic analysis of a high-fat diet mouse model. Oral treatment with CL2-57 enhanced glucose homeostasis, reduced adiposity, attenuated inflammation, and reversed metabolic perturbations in mice fed the high-fat diet. Oral treatment with CL3-3 also induced cholesterol transport genes in the brain and periphery, while triglyceride increases were avoided. Testing for effects of CL3-3 on Alzheimer’s-related pathology in additional mouse models is ongoing, but these compounds are promising leads for further development as Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes therapeutics.
Appearance-based navigation for a robotic courier in outdoor urban environments
Creators: name: Zhang., Alan M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Damage Identification and Adaptation of Maintenance Techniques for Prestressed Concrete Bridges
Creators: name: Tekleslassie, Nida
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: This study indicates that, bridges reacts to the forces imposed by passing traffic with damage to, or loosening of fastenings, crack on the deck, crack on the abutment, crack on the girder, crack on the pier, rebar exposure, scour, bulging, wearing of rail, ballast fouling on the deck, rail failure on the bridge, sleeper displacement, missing of fastener, rail joint failure, expansion joint failure, bearing failure, hand rail missing, hand rail bulging, embankment failure, erosion of the underside of the sleepers, fouling of ballast etc. All these defects should be properly identified and propose the viable maintenance solution to keep the bridges services as required. All bridge defects, which are defined in the above, must need proper inspection and appropriate maintenance techniques. Since ERC is re-established as a new firm and has not yet settled maintenance techniques, this study could serve as a draft guide. In this research maintenance technique for damaged prestressed concrete bridge was adapted from other countries experience, Ethiopian experienced company's like ERA, manuals books and other available sources. In developed countries it has been common practice closely follow up of their structures and treat according to its damage. The use of damage identification and maintenance is to control infrastructures health condition and to keep their service life safe. The clear advantage of damage identification and maintenance technique is discussed in this study. Bridge monitoring and inspection is the best techniques that internationally practiced for identifying of bridge damages. For varied damages/defects, each is having its own maintenance strategy and procedures which practiced in different countries. The most common defect maintenance technique has been indicated in this study.
Association of Neuroinflammation with Electroencephalographic Consequences of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Creators: name: Geraghty, Joseph R
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a form of hemorrhagic stroke that poses a serious public health concern due to its high mortality rate and long-term complications including neurobehavioral impairment and the development of lifelong epilepsy. One mechanism underlying these deficits is the prominent neuroinflammatory response observed throughout the brain after SAH and its potential role in driving epileptogenesis. While the development of abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in patients suffering from SAH is a well-documented epidemiological observation, to date no animal models have been developed to study these particular consequences of SAH. Here, we identify novel inflammatory biomarkers in patients with SAH, develop novel methods for analyzing EEG changes in established animal models of epilepsy, and then apply these methods for the first time in an animal model of SAH. Finally, we characterize the relationship between intracranial hemorrhage, activation of microglia, and modulate these inflammatory responses with the immunomodulatory agent fingolimod. Investigating the role of immune and inflammatory responses within the central nervous system after SAH offers the potential for the discovery of novel mechanistic and therapeutic targets which may have long-lasting benefits in survivors of SAH.
Is Ethiopia Ready to Institute a Stock Exchange Market?Assessment on Establishing Stock Exchange Market in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abebe, Alemneh
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Ethiopia has a growing economy which needs investment on a continuous basis for new ventures as well as for expansion and modernization of existing productive capacity. And, to sustain the annual GDP growth, the country needs new investments, in other words, it needs capital to invest. Capital markets provide one means to raise capital, as capital markets mobilize savings of investors. Therefore, capital markets are essential for the country's overall economic growth. Despite this, the country does not have an established stock exchange market although the need for capital market development has been continually discussed by various groups/stakeholders and academics. This research project assesses Ethiopia's current condition with regard to establishing stock exchange market in terms of institutional, legal, regulatory, technical, economic, financial and other factors and found that the reluctance of the government, inadequate laws and regulations, insufficient technological infrastructure, and low level of public awareness and trust as important factors that need to be addressed to have an efficient stock exchange market in Ethiopia. Key Words: Stock Exchange Market, Ethiopia
An extremal graph problem with a transcendental solution
Creators: name: Mubayi, Dhruv
name: Terry, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A16, 05C30, 05C35, 05D99

description: We prove that the number of multigraphs with vertex set $\{1, \ldots, n\}$ such that every four vertices span at most nine edges is $a^{n^2 + o(n^2)}$ where $a$ is transcendental (assuming Schanuel's conjecture from number theory). This is an easy consequence of the solution to a related problem about maximizing the product of the edge multiplicities in certain multigraphs, and appears to be the first explicit (somewhat natural) question in extremal graph theory whose solution is transcendental. These results may shed light on a question of Razborov who asked whether there are conjectures or theorems in extremal combinatorics which cannot be proved by a certain class of finite methods that include Cauchy-Schwarz arguments. Our proof involves a novel application of Zykov symmetrization applied to multigraphs, a rather technical progressive induction, and a straightforward use of hypergraph containers.
A robust and efficient numerical method to compute the dynamics of the rotating two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Tang, Qinglin
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Mauser, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a robust and efficient numerical method to compute the dynamics of the rotating two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). Using the rotating Lagrangian coordinates transform \cite{BMTZ2013}, we reformulate the original coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations (CGPE) into new equations where the rotating term vanishes and the potential becomes time-dependent. A time-splitting Fourier pseudospectral method is proposed to simulate the new equations where the nonlocal Dipole-Dipole Interactions (DDI) are computed by a newly-developed Gaussian-sum (GauSum) solver \cite{EMZ2015} which helps achieve spectral accuracy in space within $O(N\log N)$ operations ($N$ is the total number of grid points). The new method is spectrally accurate in space and second order accurate in time, and the accuracies are confirmed numerically. Dynamical properties of some physical quantities, including the total mass, energy, center of mass and angular momentum expectation, are presented and confirmed numerically. Interesting dynamics phenomena that are peculiar to the rotating two-component dipolar BECs, such as dynamics of center of mass, quantized vortex lattices dynamics and the collapse dynamics of 3D cases, are presented.
CLAY: Enhancing Exploit Generation with Human Knowledge in Web Applications
Creators: name: Nannini, Riccardo
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: As parts of our everyday life moves online, securing web applications becomes a priority for our societies. The two well-established analysis techniques used in vulnerability detection, manual review and automated analysis, both suffer from numerous issues and drawbacks. The former is reliant on the availability of human experts, hence hard to scale and prone to errors as the complexity of the applications grow, while the latter is unable to grasp the underlying logic behind a program, degrading the analysis precision. The goal of this research is to bridge the gap between these two approaches, creating a vulnerability detection framework able to combine the computation and analysis capabilities of autonomous systems with the intuition, knowledge and experience of human analysts. This new approach is aimed at conserving the best features of both methods while compensating their weaknesses. We created a domain specific language for guiding and customizing an automated analysis tool, employing both static and dynamic analysis techniques, with knowledge provided by the human analyst using it. We implemented our approach in a tool called CLAY that was able to find 18 more vulnerabilities in 10 public open source PHP applications with respect to its uncustomizable counterpart.
Effects of dewatering on the pyrolysis and gasification reactivity of Victorian brown coal
Creators: name: Zeng., Cai
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Improving Safety of Rail Operation by Risk Management of Accidents at Level– Crossing: case study of AA-LRT
Creators: name: Getaneh, Amene
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Ethiopian Railway Corporation has constructed a light rail transit for Addis Ababa. The LRT Project in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, consists of the East-west Line and the Southnorth Line. Risk management involves assessing the risk sources and designing strategies and procedures to mitigate those risks to an acceptable level. This paper considers the assessment of engineering infrastructures, human factors and surrounding environment as the three main factors contributing or determining accident at railway level crossings (RLC). Accidents at railways level crossings clearly dominate the railway accident. An important first step towards eliminating the cause of these accidents is through understanding and assessing the risks associated with a given level crossing and acting on them. This paper introduces a risk management process which involves several activities, including, hazard identification, risk evaluation, risk assessment, risk treatment and control and illustrates how it can be systematically applied to mitigate risk to AA-LRT level crossing. Improving safety of rail operation by risk management of accidents at level–crossing is considered as significant as a guarantee of the safe, efficient operation of the whole railway and to better safety at level crossings and upgrades to improve level crossings safety performance. Railway level crossings, which are used by high number of vehicles and trains each and every day, can severly affect the efficiency and safety of road. Railway safety will be improved by organized risk management system for assessing level crossing safety and safety enhancement measures. Human factors and technical factors are the two major factors of accidents at AA-LRTS. Guard fence damaged and signal equipment damaged is considered as intolerable risk in AA-LRTS and none of the accidents recorded are broadly acceptable. Railway-controlled crossing has low cost, minimum delay and high safety and best for the future AA-LRTS. Generally; this thesis presents improvment in safety of rail operation of Ababa-Ababa LRT by risk management of accidents at level–crossing.
A 3-dimensional interdigitated electrode geometry for the enhancement of charge collection efficiency in diamond detectors
Creators: name: Forneris, J.
name: Giudice, A. Lo
name: Olivero, P.
name: Picollo, F.
name: Re, A.
name: Marinelli, M.
name: Pompili, F.
name: Verona, C.
name: Rinati, G. Verona
name: Benetti, M.
name: Cannata, D.
name: Di Pietrantonio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a single crystal CVD diamond film with a novel three-dimensional (3D) interdigitated electrode geometry has been fabricated with the Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) technique in order to increase the charge collection efficiency (CCE) with respect to that obtained by standard superficial electrodes. The geometrical arrangement of the electric field lines due to the 3D patterning of the electrodes results in a shorter travel path for the excess charge carriers, thus contributing to a more efficient charge collection mech-anism. The CCE of the device was mapped by means of the Ion Beam Induced Charge (IBIC) technique. A 1 MeV proton micro-beam was raster scanned over the active area of the diamond detector under different bias voltage conditions, enabling to probe the charge transport properties of the detector up to a depth of 8 μm below the sample surface. The experimental results, supported by the numerical simulations, show a significant improvement in the 3D-detector performance (i.e. CCE, energy resolution, extension of the active area) if compared with the results obtained by standard surface metallic electrodes.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Railway Track Inspection and Maintenance Scheduling For Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit
Creators: name: Kidus, Matiwos
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Ethiopia has recently finished constructing the first Light Rail Transit (LRT), in the history of the country. Our new experience demands other pioneer countries' huge experience on LRT track inspection methods, frequency and maintenance tolerance limits. In this study, different track safety standards, maintenance standards and best practices from the railroad industry are surveyed to keep the Addis Ababa LRT track performance satisfactory. Rail failures generally occur from fatigue cracks that form and grow in the rail steel as a result of cyclic forces caused by the repeated passage of train over the rails which may cause a train to derail. There are many sources that influence Track defects and failure. These effects include bending and shear stresses, wheel/rail contact stresses, thermal stresses, residual stresses and dynamic effects This study on scheduling inspection of railway track first addresses defects which affect the safe running of the railway. A list of the common defects which may be found whilst inspecting the permanent way are included. After defects are identified, prioritization are made based on their relative perceived urgency. To do that, inspection parameters are discussed with their tolerance limits compared in different railway manuals and standards. Then the unique features of AA LRT are described, such as its track specs, technical and rolling stock parameters. The effect of those unique features on track inspection are also explained. Finally, an optimum frequency of track inspection is provided for the Addis Ababa LRT considering the design and operational parameters of our new light rail and comparing it with other railway standards. It was found that, different railway agencies has different track maintenance tolerance limits and frequencies of inspection based on factors like track class, track material properties, service defect rate, defect experience and defect growth rate. But in the case of AA LRT, since it is a new railway line, defect experience and defect growth rate are not considered to calculate optimum frequency of inspection. Accordingly, fixed schedule are provided based on the most commonly used standards. Current track inspection methods, techniques and best practices in the railroad industry are covered in detail, including visual inspections, several automated and remote inspection options, so that the best inspection technology that suits the Addis Ababa LRT can be chosen to maintain a safe railway network. The cheapest and most efficient way is to catch problems before they get too large, and repair them before they cause a derailment. Inspection methods are chosen considering cost, efficiency, and availability with the specific conditions of the Addis Ababa LRT.
title: Selbstreguliertes Lernen mit digitalen Medien - Förderung im Unterricht
title: DigitUS Präsentation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Reith, Sabrina
name: Bannert, Maria
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2022

description: Präsentation für einen Überblick über das selbstregulierte Lernen mit Anwendungsbeispiele wie dieses im Unterricht, u.a. mit Hilfe digitaler Anwendungen gefördert und implementiert werden kann.
Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit Internal Trip Production Forecasting
Creators: name: Digafe, Tadesse
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: This study mainly focuses on the Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (AALRT) estimation of residential based person internal trips which unless analyzed can affects the project justification during the early stage of project installation, transportation planning during operation stages, identification of markets, service planning, facility assessments and revenue estimations. To estimate the trips the required primary and secondary data are collected, the primary data on locations closest to LRT routes are collected with a direct observation and interviewing of government officials and the secondary data on socio-economic data, census data and land use data are collected from various sources such as Central Statistics Authority, Addis Ababa Transport Authority and Addis Ababa City Plan Institute. The data gathered are analyzed using the Land Activity Rate or Land Use Method of trip based model for the base year trip production calculation and Growth Factor Methods for future trip projection calculations. the land activity rate is used to determine the total land areas covered by the LRT routes and the Institute for Transportation Engineers (ITE) standard is used to determine the trips per hectare produced and finally the growth factor method is used to project the trips for future times. Based on these models the numbers of trips are calculated both on North-South and EastWest LRT routes as a minimum and a maximum values in interval for the consecutive five years. The North–South route forecasting shows a minimum of 603,159 person trips per day and a maximum of 2,031,691 person trips per day whereas the East-West route forecasting shows a minimum of 1,124,988 person trips per day and a maximum of 3,789,434 person trips per day generated after five years in 2019G.C.Thus from the forecasted result of residential based internal trip production of the coming five years, the Ethiopian Railways Corporation (ERC) will be able to carry out the supply side facility estimation and future revenue projections so as to make the company responsive for the changes made on the travel needs.
D4.6: Recommendations for Enhancement of O2 QC Methods: Guide to Drift Correction Procedure for Oxygen Optodes on Argo Floats
Creators: name: Estelmann, Arne
name: Bittig, Henry
name: Körtzinger, Arne
name: Paba, Violetta
name: Donnelly, Matt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Recommendations for enhancement of O2 QC Methods
Coherent control using kinetic energy and the geometric phase of a conical intersection
Creators: name: Liekhus-Schmaltz, Chelsea
name: McCracken, Gregory A.
name: Kaldun, Andreas
name: Cryan, James P.
name: Bucksbaum, Philip H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conical intersections (CI) between molecular potential energy surfaces with non-vanishing non-adiabatic couplings generally occur in any molecule consisting of at least three atoms. They play a fundamental role in describing the molecular dynamics beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and have been used to understand a large variety of effects, from photofragmentation and isomerization to more exotic applications such as exciton fission in semiconductors. However, few studies have used the features of a CI as a tool for coherent control. Here we demonstrate two modes of control around a conical intersection. The first uses a continuous light field to control the population on the two intersecting electronic states in the vicinity of a CI. The second uses a pulsed light field to control wavepackets that are subjected to the geometric phase shift in transit around a CI. This second technique is likely to be useful for studying the role of nuclear dynamics in electronic coherence phenomena.
Plain language summary for the manuscript: Health-related quality of life outcomes with tofacitinib treatment in patients with ulcerative colitis in the open-label extension study, OCTAVE Open
Creators: name: Biedermann, Luc
name: Dubinsky, Marla C.
name: Vermeire, Séverine
name: Fellmann, Marc
name: Gardiner, Sean
name: Hur, Peter
name: Mundayat, Rajiv
name: Panés, Julian
name: Rubin, David T.
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gastroenterology and hepatology

description: This is a plain language summary (PLS) of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This PLS is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this PLS and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
Flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifiers: Hysteretic flux response and nondegenerate gain measurements
Creators: name: Pogorzalek, Stefan
name: Fedorov, Kirill G.
name: Zhong, Ling
name: Goetz, Jan
name: Wulschner, Friedrich
name: Fischer, Michael
name: Eder, Peter
name: Xie, Edwar
name: Inomata, Kunihiro
name: Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi
name: Nakamura, Yasunobu
name: Marx, Achim
name: Deppe, Frank
name: Gross, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Josephson parametric amplifiers (JPA) have become key devices in quantum science and technology with superconducting circuits. In particular, they can be utilized as quantum-limited amplifiers or as a source of squeezed microwave fields. Here, we report on the detailed measurements of five flux-driven JPAs, three of them exhibiting a hysteretic dependence of the resonant frequency versus the applied magnetic flux. We model the measured characteristics by numerical simulations based on the two-dimensional potential landscape of the dc superconducting quantum interference devices (dc-SQUID), which provide the JPA nonlinearity, for a finite screening parameter $β_\mathrm{L}\,{>}\,0$ and demonstrate excellent agreement between the numerical results and the experimental data. Furthermore, we study the nondegenerate response of different JPAs and accurately describe the experimental results with our theory.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Chloride Intracellular Channel (CLIC) Proteins Regulate Endothelial G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling
Creators: name: Kleinjan, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Chloride intracellular channels (CLICs) are a family of six proteins proposed, based on structure, to function as ion channels or glutathione-S-transferases. CLIC1 and CLIC4 are expressed in endothelial cells and are vital for angiogenesis. CLICs respond to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by undergoing relocalization to the cell surface membrane. We hypothesized that CLICs function in endothelial GPCR signaling and function. Using loss of function studies, we found that reduced expression of either CLIC1 or CLIC4 abrogated S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) -mediated endothelial barrier enhancement and Rac1 activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). CLIC1, but not CLIC4, was required for S1PR2/S1PR3 -mediated actin stress fiber formation and RhoA activation. We expanded our studies to investigate CLIC function downstream of protease-activated receptors (PARs), a class of GPCRs that respond to thrombin. Activation of PAR1 in HUVEC by thrombin promoted the cell membrane localization of CLIC4, but not CLIC1. CLIC4 was required for thrombin-mediated endothelial barrier disruption and RhoA activation. While CLIC1 did not function in the initial thrombin response, it was necessary for normal recovery of endothelial cells following thrombin-mediated changes. Thus, this work demonstrates that endothelial CLICs function in S1PR and PAR signaling, acting to facilitate the regulation of small GTPases Rac1 and RhoA. We evaluated CLIC function in endothelial barrier regulation by non-GPCR mechanisms and found that CLIC1 and CLIC4 are not required for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -mediated barrier disruption. This survey of three signaling pathways (S1PR, PAR, VEGFR) suggests that CLICs are specific to GPCR signaling. To evaluate the role of CLICs in murine vasculatures, we developed an endothelial specific knockout mouse model of Clic4 (Clic4ECKO). In mice, PAR1 activation by a specific PAR1-activating peptide induces lung edema by endothelial barrier disruption. Our preliminary data demonstrates that loss of endothelial Clic4 reduces PAR1-induced lung edema. We conclude that CLIC1 and CLIC4 function as mediators of endothelial GPCR signaling, functioning upstream of Rac1 and RhoA. This work uncovers a novel family of GPCR effector proteins, CLICs, whose membrane localization in response to GPCR activation facilitates the activation of small GTPases.
Parametric Studies on the Fatigue Life Improvement of Passenger Rail Vehicle Axlebox House
Creators: name: Alem, Behaylu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Failure of passenger rail axlebox house is mainly due to fatigue caused by repeated cyclic loading which cause catastrophic mechanical failure on axleboxes house and bearing assemblies. The general objective of this thesis is to improve the fatigue life of passenger rail vehicle axlebox house by studding influential geometry and fatigue strength factor parameters on the fatigue life of the axlebox house. Primary data such as bogie type and application, axle load, axle journal size, bearing type and size are selected and analysed for modelling the geometry. In addition to primary data, secondary data such as material data, boundary condition, loading data are required for the input of ANSYSI software analysis. Four geometry types are modelled with SolidWorks based on the axlebox house design principles then all models are analysed with FEM ANSYS Workbench 14 fatigue tools under the same non-proportional loading, equivalent dimension and the same material property to investigate which model has a longer fatigue life. This thesis shows by improving the fatigue strength factor can improve the life up to 50% and suitable axlebox house geometry selection can improve the fatigue life up to 70% and it is found that Model II and Model IV have better fatigue life other than other models. Improving the fatigue strength factor and geometry parameters such us geometry model, notches and groves improve the fatigue life of the axlebox house and as the result early failure, operation and maintenance cost, time and risk to catastrophic accident will be minimized. The thesis also recommends that the mass of the heavier models could be farther improved and advanced research on site to be conducted in consideration to environmental factor, microstructure, manufacturing processes, thermal effects, etc since those factors do also have an impact on the fatigue life of the axlebox house.
Multi-photon absorption in optical gratings for matter waves
Creators: name: Walter, Kai
name: Nimmrichter, Stefan
name: Hornberger, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory for the diffraction of large molecules or nanoparticles at a standing light wave. Such particles can act as a genuine photon absorbers due to their numerous internal degrees of freedom effecting fast internal energy conversion. Our theory incorporates the interplay of three light-induced properties: the coherent phase modulation due to the dipole interaction, a non-unitary absorption-induced amplitude modulation described as a generalized measurement, and a coherent recoil splitting that resembles a quantum random walk in steps of the photon momentum. We discuss how these effects show up in near-field and far-field interference schemes, and we confirm our effective description by a dynamic evaluation of the grating interaction, which accounts for the internal states.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Analysis of Passenger Demand Forecasting Models in The Context Of AALRT
Creators: name: Babey, Bezabih
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: High rate growth of population and economic activity of Addis Ababa increases the traffic flow of the city and results in high congestion of traffic and unbalance between the demand and mode of transport. To minimize this congestion of traffic and unbalance appropriate passenger demand forecasting model is needed. So, this study tries to fill this gap. To select a suitable rail passenger demand forecasting model the two most common rail passenger demand forecasting models are compared based on their limitation and delimitation in the context of AALRT. According to this comparison the four stage passenger demand forecasting is found better than the elasticity passenger demand forecasting model for new rail service. Then, the analysis of estimating of passenger demand forecasting has been done by using the four stage passenger demand forecasting model. The four stage model has trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice or modal split and trip assignment stages. The study analysed through the first three stages because AALRT has only one line to travel from origin to destination of the trip maker. So, in this study the data analysis has been based on the data collected from different sources (like central statistics agency, city government of Addis Ababa education bureau, etc.). The data analysis result shows 11,666,568 trips are generated in Addis Ababa and 876072 total trips are generated in Kirkos sub city in the generation step; the generated trips in Kirkos has distributed into neighbor sub cities of Kirkos and in itself (Kirkos, Arada, Lideta, Bole Nifas Silk Lafto and Yeka is 662986.8, 6694, 66086, 33324, 24023 and 57766 respectively); choose the best transport mode to travel from origin zone to the destination zone. As the finding of this thesis shows that the four stage rail passenger demand forecasting model is a better model in the context of AALRT. Finally the study recommended for ERC and other organizations to use four stage passenger demand forecasting model to estimate their demands.
D4.4: Recommendations for enhancement of Irradiance QC Methods
Creators: name: Jutard, Quentin
name: Organelli, Emanuele
name: D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio
name: Claustre, Hervé
name: Schmechtig, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Summary of the activities for the task on recommendations for enhancement of Irradiance QC Methods
Territories for dynamic field repair services and their optimisation under high utilisation
Creators: name: Youngman., James Harold Reeve
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Transparent Semiconductor-Superconductor Interface and Induced Gap in an Epitaxial Heterostructure Josephson Junction
Creators: name: Kjaergaard, M.
name: Suominen, H. J.
name: Nowak, M. P.
name: Akhmerov, A. R.
name: Shabani, J.
name: Palmstrøm, C. J.
name: Nichele, F.
name: Marcus, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement of multiple Andreev reflection (MAR) in a Josephson junction made from an InAs heterostructure with epitaxial aluminum is used to quantify the highly transparent semiconductor-superconductor interface, indicating near-unity transmission. The observed temperature dependence of MAR does not follow a conventional BCS form, but instead agrees with a model in which the density of states in the quantum well acquires an effective induced gap, in our case 180 μeV, close to that of the epitaxial superconductor. Carrier density dependence of MAR is investigated using a depletion gate, revealing the subband structure of the semiconductor quantum well, consistent with magnetotransport experiment of the bare InAs performed on the same wafer.
description: Includes supplementary material
Operations on Arc Diagrams and Degenerations for Invariant Subspaces of Linear Operators. Part II
Creators: name: Kaniecki, Mariusz
name: Kosakowska, Justyna
name: Schmidmeier, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a partition $β$, denote by $N_β$ the nilpotent linear operator of Jordan type $β$. Given partitions $β$, $γ$, we investigate the representation space ${}_2{\mathbb V}_γ^β$ of all short exact sequences $$ \mathcal E: 0\to N_α\to N_β\to N_γ\to 0$$ where $α$ is any partition with each part at most 2. Due to the condition on $α$, the isomorphism type of a sequence $\mathcal E$ is given by an arc diagram $Δ$; denote by ${\mathbb V}_Δ$ the subset of ${}_2{\mathbb V}_γ^β$ of all sequences isomorphic to $\mathcal E$. Thus, the space ${}_2{\mathbb V}_γ^β$ carries a stratification given by the subsets of type ${\mathbb V}_Δ$. We compute the dimension of each stratum and show that the boundary of a stratum ${\mathbb V}_Δ$ consists exactly of those ${\mathbb V}_{Δ'}$ where $Δ'$ is obtained from $Δ$ by a non-empty sequence of arc moves of five possible types {\bf (A) -- (E)}. The case where all three partitions are fixed has been studied in [3] and [4]. There, arc moves of types {\bf (A) -- (D)} suffice to describe the boundary of a ${\mathbb V}_Δ$ in ${\mathbb V}_{α,γ}^β$. Our fifth move {\bf (E)}, "explosion", is needed to break up an arc into two poles to allow for changes in the partition $α$.
MPEC 2023-N55 : 2013 NO11
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Safety at Platform-Train Interface (PTI) and Pedestrian-rail Crossings of the Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (AALRT)
Creators: name: Tamrayehu, Kurema
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Train mass rapid transit becomes a necessary need for developing countries to solve traffic congestion. Addis Ababa is the first capital in the Sub-Saharan African countries that have operated this kind of urban transport mode, light rail transit (LRT). More research studies still need to be explored related to the operation of this mode in the context of developing countries. One of these is safety at station platforms and pedestrian-rail crossings. The main objective of this research is to determine the safety perception and safety awareness of the Addis Ababa LRT passengers on station platforms and to undertake safety assessment at pedestrian-rail crossings of the project, in order to identify and manage both the safety issues and their associated solutions. Two methodologies were used to achieve this objective of the study, a questionnaire survey and a checklist based observational study. The questionnaire study was carried out with the main purpose of examining the safety perception and safety awareness of the Addis Ababa LRT passengers on the station platforms. A total of 50 passengers from the two corridors of the project were selected via simple random sampling method to participate in the questionnaire study. From the result, the study concludes that platform-train interface (PTI) accident is a safety issue for the Addis Ababa LRT stations and concerns of safety do exist on the station platforms. Through the checklist based observational study, a number of pedestrian related safety issues and concerns were identified at pedestrian-rail crossings of the project. Among these safety issues and concerns; inadequate standing areas and safety zone, limited pedestrian warning devices and lighting devices, and collision risk due to second LRVs were the major ones. Finally, to avert the identified safety issues at station platforms and pedestrian-rail crossings of the project, recommendations have been forwarded in the last chapter. Lack of finance and incomplete responses to the questionnaire survey were the main constraints faced during the course of the study.
Outbroing the Bros: Exploring the Role of Gender in the Military
Creators: name: Barber, Christine Faye
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Women are one of the fastest-growing demographics in the United States military. Yet, research regarding military service members and veterans has focused primarily on men’s experiences. One area of research in which women are most often included is regarding military sexual trauma (MST) which includes both sexual assault and harassment. Despite representing a minority, women are significantly more likely to experience MST than men. However, MST is the canary in the coal mine, signaling the inequities within the institution. Inequities are often normalized within institutions; the military is no exception, and its structure as a gendered and total institution augments these inequities through organizational policies and norms which communicate the place of women and the burden they represent to the institution. Drawing from interviews with 16 servicewomen, this study explored how gender is constructed and its role in the experiences of servicewomen, illustrated by three identified overarching themes: 1) organizational processes create gendered experiences navigating military service, 2) gender fuels pressure for women to prove they belong and establishes additional rules for women, and 3) through these processes MST is normalized so much that it becomes an occupational hazard. This study contributes to the literature by illuminating the everyday challenges women face in the military based on their gender. Further, it illustrates how the structure of the military as a gendered and total institution creates and reinforces gendered experiences, provides opportunities for institutional betrayal, and puts women at risk for sexual violence.
Dirac Fermions induced in strained zigzag phosphorus nanotubes and the applications in field effect transistors
Creators: name: Yu, Sheng
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Eshun, Kwesi
name: Shi, Chen
name: Zeng, Min
name: Jiang, Kai
name: Li, Qiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, Dirac fermions have been obtained and engineered in one-dimensional (1D) zigzag phosphorus nanotubes (ZPNTs). We have performed a comprehensive first-principle computational study of the electronic properties of ZPNTs with various diameters. The results indicate that as the lattice parameter (Lc) along axial direction increases, ZPNTs undergo transitions from metal to semimetal and semimetal to semiconductor, whereas Dirac fermions appear at Lc ranging from 3.90Å to 4.10Å. In particular, a field effect transistor (FET) based on a 12-ZPNT (with 12 unit cells in transverse direction) exhibits semiconductor behaviors with efficient gate-effect modulation at Lc= 4.60Å. However, only weak gate modulation is demonstrated when the nanotube becomes semimetal at Lc= 4.10Å. This study indicates that ZPNTs are profoundly appealing in applications in the strain sensors. Our findings pave the way for development of high-performance strain-engineered electronics based on Dirac Fermions in 1D materials.
Performance Analysis of Digital Subscriber Lines
Creators: name: Seife-Selassie, Abel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2003

description: In recent years, lots of emerging high-speed applications and networking requirements are calling for cost effective access network solutions. These applications are well driven in the high bandwidth transmission media of the backbone network. However, the last mile transmission media that uses the existing modems of maximum speed 64 kb/s, are failing under these high-speed requirements. Firstly, this problem was approached using the very high bandwidth fiber network but it was seen that present time and foreseeable future end user requirements are only within reach to a speed of 2 Mb/s unjustifying the involved high cost. The practical means followed is to use the widely installed copper based access network. It is the aim of this thesis to use standard techniques to investigate Asymmetric Digital subscriber Line, (ADSL). ADSL is a relatively new modem technology that provides high-speed data rates on the Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) line. Efficient error control coding schemes and Discrete Multitone (DMT) modulation are the key mechanisms in ADSL. The objective of this work is to develop the software simulation modules for ADSL modem. In this thesis, DMT modulation is realized in an effort to demonstrate the end-to -end transmission of random generated bit streams through the twisted pair channel situated between the transmitter and receiver This simulation in done using a script code with MATLAB® Also largely described in this work are the physical properties of twisted pair channels and their frequency selective distortion. Moreover the high frequency behaviors of copper networks are highly varying among manufacturers. Accordingly twisted pair channel models are used using empirical or measured data. and Bit Error Rate (BER) is used as a measure of performance. The results of this work are performance measurement curves obtained from this end-to-end system simulation. These curves demonstrate the decreasing BER values against SNR agreeing with similar works of digital communications system simulation.
Optimal design of long-span structures
Creators: name: Min., Yep Kong
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Spectral correlations in finite-size Anderson insulators
Creators: name: Micklitz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spectral correlations in quasi one-dimensional Anderson insulators with broken time-reversal symmetry. While energy levels are uncorrelated in the thermodynamic limit of infinite wire-length, some correlations remain in finite-size Anderson insulators. Asymptotic behaviors of level-level correlations in these systems are known in the large- and small-frequency limits, corresponding to the regime of classical diffusive dynamics and the deep quantum regime of strong Anderson localization. Employing non-perturbative methods and a mapping to the Coulomb-scattering problem, recently introduced by {\it M.~A.~Skvortsov} and {\it P.~M.~Ostrovsky}, we derive a closed analytical expression for the spectral statistics in the classical-to-quantum region bridging the known asymptotic behaviors. We further discuss how Poisson statistics at large energies develop into Wigner-Dyson statistics as the wire-length decreases.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures