cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Inherent Behavior of Graphene Flakes in Water: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Creators: name: Solanky, Priyanka
name: Sharma, Vidushi
name: Ghatak, Kamalika
name: Kashyap, Jatin
name: Datta, Dibakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene-water interaction has been under scrutiny ever since graphene discovery and realization of its exceptional properties. Several computational and experimental reports exist that have tried to look into the interactions involved, however, none of them addresses the issue in its entirety. We have tested the inherent hydrophobic behavior of a small graphene in water droplet by the means of MD simulations. The analysis has been extended to multiple graphene flakes in water and their respective size dependent responses to water droplet. Graphene retreats from water droplet to encapsulate it from the surface. This response was highly dependent upon graphene size with respect to water content. Additionally, we also report self-assembly of multilayered graphene in water by means of MD simulations, an observation which can be utilized to synthesize such structures in a cost-effective way by experimentalists. To fully comprehend graphene behavior in water, graphene deformation was analyzed in the presence of water molecules. It was noticed that graphene wrinkled to wrap around water molecules and resisted complete failure, one that is seen in case of a sole graphene sheet. Our work will not only address the question about whether graphene is hydrophobic or hydrophilic but also provide insight into the behavior of graphene surface and mobility when exposed to water which can be exploited in numerous applications.
A comment on bouncing and cyclic branes in more than one extra-dimension
Creators: name: Brax, Ph.
name: Steer, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that bouncing branes occur naturally when there is more than one extra-dimension. We consider three-branes embedded in space-times with a horizon and an isometry group SO(6). As soon as the brane angular momentum is large enough, a repulsive barrier prevents the branes from reaching the horizon. We illustrate this phenomenon with the case of D3-branes in an AdS_5-Schwarzschild-S_5 background and asymptotically flat space-time.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Classical anomalies for spinning particles
Creators: name: Gamboa, Jorge
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the phenomenon of classical anomaly. It is observed for 3D Berezin-Marinov (BM), Barducci-Casalbuoni-Lusanna (BCL) and Cortes-Plyushchay-Velazquez (CPV) pseudoclassical spin particle models. We show that quantum mechanically these different models correspond to the same P,T-invariant system of planar fermions, but the quantum system has global symmetries being not reproducible classically in full in any of the models. We demonstrate that the specific U(1) gauge symmetry characterized by the opposite coupling constants of spin s=+1/2 and s=-1/2 states has a natural classical analog in CPV model but can be reproduced in BM and BCL models in an obscure and rather artificial form. We also show that BM and BCL models quantum mechanically are equivalent in any odd-dimensional space-time, but describe different quantum systems in even space-time dimensions.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX; one reference updated
An Implantable Piezofilm Middle Ear Microphone: Performance in Human Cadaveric Temporal Bones
Creators: name: Zhang, John Z.
name: Graf, Lukas
name: Banerjee, Annesya
name: Yeiser, Aaron
name: McHugh, Christopher I.
name: Kymissis, Ioannis
name: Lang, Jeffrey H.
name: Olson, Elizabeth S.
name: Nakajima, Hideko Heidi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: One of the major reasons that totally implantable cochlear microphones are not readily available is the lack of good implantable microphones. An implantable microphone has the potential to provide a range of benefits over external microphones for cochlear implant users including the filtering ability of the outer ear, cosmetics, and usability in all situations. This paper presents results from experiments in human cadaveric ears of a piezofilm microphone concept under development as a possible component of a future implantable microphone system for use with cochlear implants. This microphone is referred to here as a drum microphone (DrumMic) that senses the robust and predictable motion of the umbo, the tip of the malleus. Methods: The performance was measured of five DrumMics inserted in four different human cadaveric temporal bones. Sensitivity, linearity, bandwidth, and equivalent input noise were measured during these experiments using a sound stimulus and measurement setup. Results: The sensitivity of the DrumMics was found to be tightly clustered across different microphones and ears despite differences in umbo and middle ear anatomy. The DrumMics were shown to behave linearly across a large dynamic range (46 dB SPL to 100 dB SPL) across a wide bandwidth (100 Hz to 8 kHz). The equivalent input noise (0.1-10 kHz) of the DrumMic and amplifier referenced to the ear canal was measured to be 54 dB SPL and estimated to be 46 dB SPL after accounting for the pressure gain of the outer ear. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the DrumMic behaves robustly across ears and fabrication. The equivalent input noise performance was shown to approach that of commercial hearing aid microphones. To advance this demonstration of the DrumMic concept to a future prototype implantable in humans, work on encapsulation, biocompatibility, connectorization will be required.
title: Elucidating the role of perineurial glia in peripheral debris clearance in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio)
Creators: name: Dunnam, Collin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Peripheral nervous system
subject: Zebrafish
subject: Perineurial glia
subject: Nervous system -- degeneration

description: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the division of the nervous system that consists of all nerves lying outside of the brain and spine (central nervous system (CNS)). Primarily, the role of the PNS is to bridge the gap between the CNS and the environment. The PNS fulfills this role by carrying motor and sensory information to and from the CNS via the somatic nervous system and regulates involuntary physiological functions through the autonomic nervous system. When the PNS’ ability to carry information is disrupted via injury, the body’s capability to regulate these functions becomes diminished and pathological issues begin to surface. The component functioning as the blood-nerve barrier for peripheral nerves, the perineurium, has emerged as an important influencer in the degenerative process following nerve injury. Recent work in zebrafish (Danio rerio) has revealed that perineurial glia are the first to bridge injury gaps following nerve transection, and that perineurial glia extend processes into the injury site and phagocytize neuronal debris. While this work elucidated how perineurial glia respond to an acute injury induced by laser transection, how the perineurium behaves when subject to clinically relevant neurodegeneration remains a mystery. Here we use an established model of hyperglycemia-induced neurodegeneration in conjunction with in vivo imaging in transgenic zebrafish to visualize the dynamics of the perineurial glia during neurodegeneration. We demonstrate that hyperglycemia induces lysosomal activity in perineurial glia and that they phagocytize axonal, Schwann cell, and potentially oligodendrocyte debris by extending processes to the debris. We present that hyperglycemia also induces migration of olig2+ cells out of the spinal cord which then are seen associating with motor nerves potentially attempting to remyelinate them following demyelination caused by hyperglycemia. Finally, we uncover a phenomenon of cells and/or debris being ejected from the spinal cord nerve roots at regular intervals prior to death in these zebrafish. This may indicate a failure of a population of glia at motor exit points or further migration of oligodendrocytes. Collectively, these data provide insight into how the perineurial glia and other nerve components respond to peripheral neurodegeneration and reveal a previously unknown moribund process.
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmaceutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 23. Jg. 1883
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Württembergisches Verlagsgeschäft G. Haagen
Year: 1883
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 23,1883
Regularity of the Density of Surface States
Creators: name: Kostrykin, Vadim
name: Schrader, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B44; 60H25

description: We prove that the integrated density of surface states of continuous or discrete Anderson-type random Schroedinger operators is a measurable locally integrable function rather than a signed measure or a distribution. This generalize our recent results on the existence of the integrated density of surface states in the continuous case and those of A. Chahrour in the discrete case. The proof uses the new $L^p$-bound on the spectral shift function recently obtained by Combes, Hislop, and Nakamura. Also we provide a simple proof of their result on the Hoelder continuity of the integrated density of bulk states.
Additional file 2 of Age-related meningeal extracellular matrix remodeling compromises CNS lymphatic function
Creators: name: Hitpass Romero, Kate
name: Stevenson, Taylor J.
name: Smyth, Leon C. D.
name: Watkin, Ben
name: McCullough, Samuel J.C.
name: Vinnell, Luca
name: Smith, Amy M.
name: Schweder, Patrick
name: Correia, Jason A.
name: Kipnis, Jonathan
name: Dragunow, Mike
name: Rustenhoven, Justin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Cosmic Censorship: As Strong As Ever
Creators: name: Brady, Patrick R.
name: Moss, Ian G.
name: Myers, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetimes which have been considered counter-examples to strong cosmic censorship are revisited. We demonstrate the classical instability of the Cauchy horizon inside charged black holes embedded in de Sitter spacetime for all values of the physical parameters. The relevant modes which maintain the instability, in the regime which was previously considered stable, originate as outgoing modes near to the black hole event horizon. This same mechanism is also relevant for the instability of Cauchy horizons in other proposed counter-examples of strong cosmic censorship.
description: 4 pages RevTeX style, 1 figure included using epsfig
On Steering Swarms
Creators: name: Barel, Ariel
name: Manor, Rotem
name: Bruckstein, Alfred M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main contribution of this paper is a novel method allowing an external observer/controller to steer and guide swarms of identical and indistinguishable agents, in spite of the agents' lack of information on absolute location and orientation. Importantly, this is done via simple global broadcast signals, based on the observed average swarm location, with no need to send control signals to any specific agent in the swarm.
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmaceutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 24. Jg. 1884
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schell'sche Buchdruckerei
Year: 1884
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 24,1884
Efficient determination of bespoke optically active nanoparticle distributions
Creators: name: Manley, Phillip
name: Song, Min
name: Burger, Sven
name: Schmid, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a computational method for quickly determining the correct distribution of optically active nanoparticles for a desired response. This is achieved by simulating the optical response of single nanoparticles and performing a statistical averaging over different sizes. We find good agreement between experiment and theory for the transmission, reflectance and absorption of both an ordered and disordered array. By repeating the simulation for different particle distributions, we show that the method is capable of accurately predicting the correct nanoparticle distribution for a desired optical response. We provide a referential graph for predicting the optical response of different Ag nanoparticle distributions on a glass substrate, which can be extended to other substrate and particle materials, and particle shapes and sizes.
description: 6 figures
Dynamics of Elastic Excitable Media
Creators: name: Cartwright, Julyan H. E.
name: Eguiluz, Victor M.
name: Hernandez-Garcia, Emilio
name: Piro, Oreste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Burridge-Knopoff model of earthquake faults with viscous friction is equivalent to a van der Pol-FitzHugh-Nagumo model for excitable media with elastic coupling. The lubricated creep-slip friction law we use in the Burridge-Knopoff model describes the frictional sliding dynamics of a range of real materials. Low-dimensional structures including synchronized oscillations and propagating fronts are dominant, in agreement with the results of laboratory friction experiments. Here we explore the dynamics of fronts in elastic excitable media.
description: Int. J. Bifurcation and Chaos, to appear (1999)
title: Using Precision Therapies to Protect the Developing Brain from Viral Infection and Injury
Creators: name: Abdelmalek, Clara
name: Adeyemo, Ademide
name: Alexander, Aubrey
name: Dyba, Zofia
name: Hobson, Caroline
name: Hussain, Haider
name: Li, Erin
name: Maturi, Soumya
name: Patel, Arnav
name: Patel, Nandi
name: Pocasangre, Ashley
name: Rasmussen, Hannah
name: Ruan, Janet
name: Park, Eunbin
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neurodevelopment
subject: CMNS
subject: Gemstone
subject: Viral Infection
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Brain Injury

description: Prenatal viral infections can cause severe damage to the developing brain. Among the most threatening, Zika virus can cause microcephaly, ocular abnormalities, seizures, and fetal demise. Currently, there is no prenatal standard of care or treatment for Zika infection. Preliminary data and existing literature suggest that autophagy and the lysosome are crucial modifiers of injury and, thus, potential avenues for therapy. In this work, we will determine the effect of three drugs that manipulate autophagy in unique ways on the outcomes of prenatal viral infection; Trehalose, a lysosomal flux activator; Metformin, which induces AMPK signaling; and PD146176, an activator of the cells’ degradative machinery independent of mTORC1 through selective 12/15-lipoxygenase inhibition. Chloroquine, a lysosomal inhibitor known to mitigate the adverse outcomes of prenatal viral infections, serves as our positive control. Here, we infect humanized (hSTAT2 KI/KI), immunocompetent mice at a time point analogous to the first trimester in humans and perform comprehensive prenatal and postnatal analysis. Thus far, we have found that Metformin significantly rescues postnatal survival. In addition to identifying prenatal therapies, future work may also include testing postnatal treatments to account for infected infants not identified prenatally. These findings may also be clinically translatable for other prenatally transmitted viruses, such as Oropouche and cytomegalovirus.
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmaceutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 25. Jg. 1885
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schell'sche Buchdruckerei
Year: 1885
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 25,1885
Thermodynamic modeling using Extended UNIQUAC and COSMO-RS-ES models: Case study of the cesium nitrate - water system over a large range of temperatures
Creators: name: Arrad, Mouad
name: Thomsen, Kaj
name: Müller, Simon
name: Smirnova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparison of two thermodynamic models is presented using the water-cesium nitrate system as case study. Both models were able to model the thermodynamic properties such as the osmotic coefficient, vapor pressure, mean activity coefficient and solubility with good accuracy. We show that it is possible to reproduce the temperature dependency of the properties using a simple set of parameters in the case of Extended UNIQUAC. Furthermore, COSMO-RS-ES is a completely predictive model adjusted to data at 298.15 K, which is applied for the first time to other temperatures.
BRST-antifield-treatment of metric-affine gravity
Creators: name: Gronwald, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metric-affine gauge theory of gravity provides a broad framework in which gauge theories of gravity can be formulated. In this article we fit metric-affine gravity into the covariant BRST--antifield formalism in order to obtain gauge fixed quantum actions. As an example the gauge fixing of a general two-dimensional model of metric-affine gravity is worked out explicitly. The result is shown to contain the gauge fixed action of the bosonic string in conformal gauge as a special case.
description: 19 pages LATEX, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Matrix Approach of Seismic Imaging: Application to the Erebus Volcano, Antarctica
Creators: name: Blondel, Thibaud
name: Chaput, Julien
name: Derode, Arnaud
name: Campillo, Michel
name: Aubry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple scattering of seismic waves is often seen as a nightmare for conventional migration techniques that generally rely on a ballistic or a single scattering assumption. In heterogeneous areas such as volcanoes, the multiple scattering contribution limits the imaging-depth to one scattering mean free path, the mean distance between two successive scattering events for body waves. In this Letter, we propose a matrix approach of passive seismic imaging that pushes back this fundamental limit by making an efficient use of scattered body waves drowned into a noisy seismic coda. As a proof-of-concept, the case of the Erebus volcano in Antarctica is considered. The Green's functions between a set of geophones placed on top of the volcano are first retrieved by the cross-correlation of coda waves induced by multiple icequakes. This set of impulse responses forms a reflection matrix. By combining a matrix discrimination of singly-scattered waves with iterative time reversal, we are able to push back the multiple scattering limit beyond 10 scattering mean free paths. The matrix approach reveals the internal structure of the Erebus volcano: A chimney-shaped structure at shallow depths, a magma reservoir at 2500 m and several cavities at sea level and below it. The matrix approach paves the way towards a greatly improved monitoring of volcanic structures at depth. Beyond this specific case, the matrix approach of seismic imaging can generally be applied to all scales and areas where multiple scattering events undergone by body waves prevent in-depth imaging of the Earth's crust.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
A Soft Continuum Robot with Self-Controllable Variable Curvature
Creators: name: Wang, Xinran
name: Lu, Qiujie
name: Lee, Dongmyoung
name: Gan, Zhongxue
name: Rojas, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a new type of soft continuum robot, called SCoReS, which is capable of self-controlling continuously its curvature at the segment level; in contrast to previous designs which either require external forces or machine elements, or whose variable curvature capabilities are discrete -- depending on the number of locking mechanisms and segments. The ability to have a variable curvature, whose control is continuous and independent from external factors, makes a soft continuum robot more adaptive in constrained environments, similar to what is observed in nature in the elephant's trunk or ostrich's neck for instance which exhibit multiple curvatures. To this end, our soft continuum robot enables reconfigurable variable curvatures utilizing a variable stiffness growing spine based on micro-particle granular jamming for the first time. We detail the design of the proposed robot, presenting its modeling through beam theory and FEA simulation -- which is validated through experiments. The robot's versatile bending profiles are then explored in experiments and an application to grasp fruits at different configurations is demonstrated.
description: Accpeted for IEEE Robotics and Automation letters in January 2024, Imperial's open access research REF 2029 open access policy
Parallel-in-time integration of Kinematic Dynamos
Creators: name: Clarke, Andrew T.
name: Davies, Christopher J.
name: Ruprecht, Daniel
name: Tobias, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise mechanisms responsible for the natural dynamos in the Earth and Sun are still not fully understood. Numerical simulations of natural dynamos are extremely computationally intensive, and are carried out in parameter regimes many orders of magnitude away from real conditions. Parallelization in space is a common strategy to speed up simulations on high performance computers, but eventually hits a scaling limit. Additional directions of parallelization are desirable to utilise the high number of processor cores now available. Parallel-in-time methods can deliver speed up in addition to that offered by spatial partitioning but have not yet been applied to dynamo simulations. This paper investigates the feasibility of using the parallel-in-time algorithm Parareal to speed up initial value problem simulations of the kinematic dynamo, using the open source Dedalus spectral solver. Both the time independent Roberts and time dependent Galloway-Proctor 2.5D dynamos are investigated over a range of magnetic Reynolds numbers. Speed ups beyond those possible from spatial parallelization are found in both cases. Results for the Galloway-Proctor flow are promising, with Parareal efficiency found to be close to 0.3. Roberts flow results are less efficient, but Parareal still shows some speed up over spatial parallelization alone. Parallel in space and time speed ups of $\sim300$ were found for 1600 cores for the Galloway-Proctor flow, with total parallel efficiency of $\sim0.16$.
Additional file 1 of Association of circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in subjects with prediabetes: a population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Shi, Jie
name: Zhang, Weiwei
name: Niu, Yixin
name: Lin, Ning
name: Li, Xiaoyong
name: Zhang, Hongmei
name: Hu, Renming
name: Ning, Guang
name: Fan, Jiangao
name: Qin, Li
name: Su, Qing
name: Yang, Zhen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Partial correlation coefficients between baseline circulating PCSK9 and clinical characteristics. Table S2. Correlations between circulating PCSK9 at baseline and glucose parameters at reexamination. Table S3. Baseline characteristics of female participants according to PCSK9 quartiles. Table S4. Baseline characteristics of female participants according to PCSK9 quartiles in subjects with incident type 2 diabetes.
Scaling Behaviour of Conformal Fields in Curved Three-dimensional Space
Creators: name: Tsoupros, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The limitations of three-dimensional semi-classical gravity are explored in the context of a conformally invariant theory for a self-interacting scalar field. The analysis of the theory's scaling behaviour reveals that scalar-loop effects contribute to the conformal anomaly only at advanced orders allowing for a range of relevant energy scales which extend to those comparable to the non-perturbative scale of Planck mass.
description: 12p. Latex, One reference added, To appear in Physics Letters B
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmaceutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 28. Jg. 1888
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schell'sche Buchdruckerei
Year: 1888
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 28,1888
Relativistic Zel'dovich approximation in spherically symmetric model
Creators: name: Morita, Masaaki
name: Nakamura, Kouji
name: Kasai, Masumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare relativistic approximation methods, which describe gravitational instability in the expanding universe, in a spherically symmetric model. Linear perturbation theory, second-order perturbation theory, relativistic Zel'dovich approximation, and relativistic post-Zel'dovich approximation are considered and compared with the Lema\^ıtre-Tolman-Bondi solution in order to examine the accuracy of these approximations. We consider some cases of inhomogeneous matter distribution while the homogeneous top-hat model has been usually taken in the previous Newtonian works. It is found that the Zel'dovich-type approximations are generally more accurate than the conventional perturbation theories in the weakly nonlinear regime. Applicable range of the Zel'dovich-type approximations is also discussed.
description: 22 pages including 10 eps figures, REVTeX
title: Using Zebrafish to Investigate the Onset and Recovery from Common Complications of Hyperglycemia
Creators: name: Sargent, Sheridan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: zebrafish
subject: Diabetes
subject: Hyperglycemia
subject: Nerve degeneration

description: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as an excellent model system to investigate disorders associated with diabetes as they have similar glucose metabolic pathways as mammals and exhibit characteristics of diabetic comorbidities. The Clark lab has characterized a model of hyperglycemia-induced motor nerve degeneration that includes motor axon defasciculation, decreased myelination, and loss of perineurial ensheathment. While these characteristics of neurodegeneration are observed in human DPN, differences in the perineurial tight junctions were absent in this model but is widely observed in human and mice DPN. Here, we optimized the hyperglycemic-induction protocol to recapitulate mammalian models of DPN more closely, and then introduced a recovery period to determine the capacity for peripheral nerve regeneration and return of normal escape response following a return to a euglycemic state. In agreement with our previous work, glucose-immersion initiated motor nerve degeneration and behavioral deficits. However, the optimized protocol led to disruption of tight junctions between the perineurial glia within the blood-nerve barrier, a phenotype consistent with mammalian models of DPN. Following a ten-day recovery period, peripheral motor axon length and ensheathment regenerate, but axonal defasciculation and behavioral deficits persist. Given that hyperglycemia has the potential to impact multiple systems, we explored other areas whose alterations may impact behavior. We hypothesized impaired skeletal development may be impacting behavior due to the necessary coordinated actions of the skeleton for the undulating movement of swimming. Here we describe a model of peripheral motor nerve regeneration following hyperglycemic insult, which future work will exploit to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in regeneration. The robust impairment to skeletal development was unanticipated but expands our understanding of the global impact hyperglycemia has across systems.
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmaceutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 26. Jg. 1886
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schell'sche Buchdruckerei
Year: 1886
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 26,1886
Compressing physical properties of atomic species for improving predictive chemistry
Creators: name: Herr, John E.
name: Koh, Kevin
name: Yao, Kun
name: Parkhill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The answers to many unsolved problems lie in the intractable chemical space of molecules and materials. Machine learning techniques are rapidly growing in popularity as a way to compress and explore chemical space efficiently. One of the most important aspects of machine learning techniques is representation through the feature vector, which should contain the most important descriptors necessary to make accurate predictions, not least of which is the atomic species in the molecule or material. In this work we introduce a compressed representation of physical properties for atomic species we call the elemental modes. The elemental modes provide an excellent representation by capturing many of the nuances of the periodic table and the similarity of atomic species. We apply the elemental modes to several different tasks for machine learning algorithms and show that they enable us to make improvements to these tasks even beyond simply achieving higher accuracy predictions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Two-Step Quantile Estimation Of The Censored Regression Model
Creators: name: Powell, James L.
name: Powell, James L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: It has previously been shown that consistent estimation of the unknown coefficients of the censored regression (or censored "Tobit") model can be obtained using a quantile estimation approach. Because the functional form of the conditional quantiles of the censored dependent variable does not depend on the parametric form of the distribution of the error terms, the quantile estimators are consistent (and asymptotically normal) under much more general conditions than likelihood-based estimation methods. However, simulation studies have shown that quantile estimates for this model have a small-sample bias in the opposite direction from the well-known least-squares bias for censored data. This bias results from the particular form of the conditional quantile function; quantile estimation in this problem uses only those data points with a positive regression function to estimate the regression coefficients, and the simultaneous estimation of the sign of the regression function and the magnitude of the coefficients induces an asymmetry in the small-sample distribution of the coefficient estimates. The present paper proposes a two-step quantile estimator for this model which is designed to overcome this finite-sample bias. Specifically, the first stage applies quantile estimation to the sign of the observed dependent variable (i.e., the quantile generalization of the "maximum score" estimator for a binary response model) to estimate the sign of the underlying regression function, while the second stage uses the data points with positive (estimated) regression functions to estimate the regression coefficient magnitudes using standard linear quantile estimation. By separating the estimation of the sign of the regression function from estimation of the coefficents themselves, the finite-sample bias of the quantile approach for this model is attenuated. The paper gives conditions under which the two-step estimator is asymptotically equivalent to the one-step version, so that no efficiency loss is incurred from the two-step approach. Also, a small scale efficiency study will document the small-sample benefits of the proposed method.
Mapping of the 2+1 Dirac-Moshinsky Oscillator Coupled to an External Isospin Field onto Jaynes-Cummings Model
Creators: name: Obada, A. S. -F.
name: Ahmed, M. M. A.
name: Abu-Shady, M.
name: Habeba, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the 2+1 Dirac-Moshinsky oscillator (2+1 DMO) coupled to an external isospin field is mapped onto the Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), which describes the interaction between two two-level systems and a quantum single-mode field. The time-dependent wave function and the density matrix are obtained in the two cases. In the first case, the quantum number state is considered, while in the second case, the coherent state is considered as an initial state. The effect of both the detuning parameter and the coherence angle are studied on the entanglement and on the population inversion. It has been shown that the coherent state gives good description than the number state for the entanglement and the population inversion.
description: 21 Pages, 8 figures
Annual Report of the Bank of Japan (1901)
Creators: name: Schiltz, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140101 History of Economic Thought

description: Annual Report of the Bank of Japan for the year 1901. The Report contains the Bank's official viewpoint on the economic conditions of the country, as well as the 'financial operations in the year under review'. It details elements as the bank rate, inflation etc. A most important aspect is its treatment of the outflow and inflow of specie, as the latter was tightly bound up with the country's management of the recently adopted goldstandard (1897).Every report includes an appendix detailing total operations, bank notes issued, the discount of commercial bills, the rate of discount, loans ans their rates of interest, ..., transactions in precious metals.
Normal oscillation modes and radial stability of neutron stars with a dark-energy core from the Chaplygin gas
Creators: name: Pretel, Juan M. Z.
name: Dutra, Mariana
name: Duarte, Sergio B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a potential candidate for the late-time accelerating expansion of the Universe, the Chaplygin gas and its generalized models have significant implications to modern cosmology. In this work we investigate the effects of dark energy on the internal structure of a neutron star composed of two phases, which leads us to wonder: Do stable neutron stars have a dark-energy core? To address this question, we focus on the radial stability of stellar configurations composed by a dark-energy core -- described by a Chaplygin-type equation of state (EoS) -- and an ordinary-matter external layer which is described by a polytropic EoS. We examine the impact of the rate of energy densities at the phase-splitting surface, defined as $α= ρ_{\rm dis}^-/ρ_{\rm dis}^+$, on the radius, total gravitational mass and oscillation spectrum. The resulting mass-radius diagrams are notably different from dark energy stars without a common-matter crust. Specifically, it is found that both the mass and the radius of the maximum-mass configuration decrease as $α$ becomes smaller. Furthermore, our theoretical predictions for mass-radius relations consistently describe the observational measurements of different massive millisecond pulsars as well as the central compact object within the supernova remnant HESS J1731-347. The analysis of the normal oscillation modes reveals that there are two regions of instability on the $M(ρ_c)$ curve when $α$ is small enough indicating that the usual stability criterion $dM/dρ_c>0$ still holds for rapid phase transitions. However, this is no longer true for the case of slow transitions.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Version accepted in Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Combined proteomics, metabolomics and physiological analyses of rice growth and grain yield with heavy nitrogen application before and after drought
Creators: name: Du, Jie
name: Shen, Tianhua
name: Xiong, Qiangqiang
name: Zhu, Changlan
name: Peng, Xiaosong
name: He, Xiaopeng
name: Fu, Junru
name: Ouyang, Linjuan
name: Bian, Jianmin
name: Hu, Lifang
name: Sun, Xiaotang
name: Zhou, Dahu
name: He, Haohua
name: Zhong, Lei
name: Chen, Xiaorong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. DEPs protein interaction analysis of ‘Wufengyou 286’ under heavy nitrogen application before and after drought.
Tradition, Change and the Weilongwu Compound: Kinship, State and Local Elites in Southeastern China
Creators: Li, Yixin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Manners and customs
Kinship
Ethnology--Fieldwork
Ethnology
Urbanization

description: Based on the author's long term fieldwork from 2005 to 2008 in Qiaoxiang, a rural Hakka community in Xingning County, Guangdong Province, Southeastern China, this dissertation examines how the revival of tradition in contemporary China can be understood through the dynamic interaction and negotiation among state, villagers and local elites. This ethnography describes the history and reality of tumultuous social change in the community, especially in Maoist and post-Maoist times, and shows how the villagers living in weilongwu, a characteristic lineage or multi-family compound of the Hakka heartland, have managed to mobilize political, social and cultural resources to deal with outside forces in contemporary China. I analyze how the Maoist state's attempts to break down kinship ties failed and how kinship's importance has been maintained and strengthened in both collective and post-collective periods. This dissertation focuses on how the participation and collaboration of ordinary villagers and village elites facilitates a vigorous revival of tradition, including the establishment of organizations at the level of lineage and community, the reediting of genealogies, the rebuilding and renovation of ancestral halls, and most importantly, the reactivation of kinship rituals. I demonstrate how the active engagement and complicated entanglement of socialist state, overseas power and other contemporary forces has shaped and reshaped the social and cultural landscape of the local community. I argue that the revival of tradition is by no means a remnant of the past or a total invention; instead, traditions are forming within the fluctuating context of Late Imperial legacy, state imposition and uncertain modernity. I also argue that the ordinary villagers are not passive subjects of domination by state power or other forces; instead, they are sophisticated activists possessing the strategic competence and wisdom to deal with the circumstances in which they live. In this sense, tradition should be taken as the practice of ordinary people in an ongoing process of inventing and becoming.
Strings on pp-waves and massive two dimensional field theories
Creators: name: Maldacena, Juan
name: Maoz, Liat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a general class of pp-wave solutions of type IIB string theory such that the light cone gauge worldsheet lagrangian is that of an interacting massive field theory. When the light cone Lagrangian has (2,2) supersymmetry we can find backgrounds that lead to arbitrary superpotentials on the worldsheet. We consider situations with both flat and curved transverse spaces. We describe in some detail the background giving rise to the N=2 sine Gordon theory on the worldsheet. Massive mirror symmetry relates it to the deformed $CP^1$ model (or sausage model) which seems to elude a purely supergravity target space interpretation.
description: harvmac, 26 pages, v2,3: references added, typos corrected
On the Vere-Jones classification and existence of maximal measures for countable topological Markov chains
Creators: name: Ruette, Sylvie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B10, 37B40

description: We consider topological Markov chains (also called Markov shifts) on countable graphs. We show that a transient graph can be extended to a recurrent graph of equal entropy which is either positive recurrent of null recurrent, and we give an example of each type. We extend the notion of local entropy to topological Markov chains and prove that a transitive Markov chain admits a measure of maximal entropy (or maximal measure) whenever its local entropy is less than its (global) entropy.
description: Published in 2003
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmazeutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 29. Jg. 1889
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schell'sche Buchdruckerei
Year: 1889
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 29, 1889
Traditional Midwives a Link Between Cultural Rights and Women’s Rights
Creators: Flores, Marina Gonzalez
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Women's rights
Maya women
Midwives
Midwifery

description: Women’s rights are often perceived as existing in direct opposition to cultural rights. If we provide and protect Indigenous Peoples’ or minority groups’ collective cultural rights, it is commonly assumed that this will come at the expense of women’s rights. However, such limited definitions of culture and rights fail to understand that culture can be a means through which to localize rights. This paper argues that traditional Mayan midwives in the Yucatan Peninsula— Campeche, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo—can provide reproductive services and women’s rights visibility by protecting and maintaining their culture in their communities. Through unstructured interviews and participant observation, this author interviewed midwives, mothers, and activists in the region to provide a larger picture of the reproductive health situation in rural communities. Mayan women, who experience high levels of obstetric violence and structural oppression, are in dire need of culturally competent programs that support and validate their reproductive needs and experiences. The findings presented in this thesis suggest that midwives are crucial actors in localizing women’s and cultural rights in their communities and greater support by medical personnel can help increase reproductive safety.
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Pharmaceutisches Wochenblatt aus Württemberg, 27. Jg. 1887
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schell'sche Buchdruckerei
Year: 1887
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 27, 1887
Some Comparisons for Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Vitale, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15 (Primary); 52B11, 60E15 (Secondary)

description: Extensions and variants are given for the well-known comparison principle for Gaussian processes based on ordering by pairwise distance.
description: 4 pages
Black Holes and Two-Dimensional Dilaton Gravity
Creators: name: Futamase, T.
name: Hotta, M.
name: Itoh, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conditions for 2-dimensional dilaton gravity models to have dynamical formation of black holes and construct all such models. Furthermore we present a parametric representation of the general solutions of the black holes.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, Phys. Rev. D (in press)
FeynGrav and Recent Progress in Computational Perturbative Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Latosh, Boris N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article reviews recent progress in computational quantum gravity caused by the framework that efficiently computes Feynman's rules. The framework is implemented in the FeynGrav package, which extends the functionality of the widely used FeynCalc package. FeynGrav provides all the tools to study quantum gravitational effects within the standard model. We review the framework, provide the theoretical background for the efficient computation of Feynman rules, and present the proof of its completeness. We review the derivation of Feynman rules for general relativity, Horndeski gravity, Dirac fermions, Proca field, electromagnetic field, and SU(N) Yang-Mills model. We conclude with a discussion of the current state of the FeynGrav package and discuss its further development.