cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Runner congestion during running events: Its prevalence, impacts on safety and satisfaction, and the effects of controls
Creators: name: Peckover, Sean
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis explored the prevalence of runner congestion during running events from perspectives of race directors and runners, as well as examined the effects of control strategies on runner density, flow rate, safety, and satisfaction. The collective findings culminated in the development of a user guide published by Athletics Australia.
Threshold-limited spreading in social networks with multiple initiators
Creators: name: Singh, P.
name: Sreenivasan, S.
name: Szymanski, B. K.
name: Korniss, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A classical model for social-influence-driven opinion change is the threshold model. Here we study cascades of opinion change driven by threshold model dynamics in the case where multiple {\it initiators} trigger the cascade, and where all nodes possess the same adoption threshold $ϕ$. Specifically, using empirical and stylized models of social networks, we study cascade size as a function of the initiator fraction $p$. We find that even for arbitrarily high value of $ϕ$, there exists a critical initiator fraction $p_c(ϕ)$ beyond which the cascade becomes global. Network structure, in particular clustering, plays a significant role in this scenario. Similarly to the case of single-node or single-clique initiators studied previously, we observe that community structure within the network facilitates opinion spread to a larger extent than a homogeneous random network. Finally, we study the efficacy of different initiator selection strategies on the size of the cascade and the cascade window.
Differential diagnostics of polymyalgia rheumatica in a university hospital in Finland
Creators: name: Paltta, J
name: Suuronen, S
name: Pirilä, L
name: Palomäki, A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Diagnosing polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) can be difficult as many conditions present with similar symptoms and findings. This study aimed to analyse how often the diagnosis of PMR changes during follow-up in a university hospital setting and to determine the most common clinical conditions initially misdiagnosed as PMR. All patients with a new primary diagnosis of PMR on at least one visit during the years 2016–2019 were identified from the hospital discharge register of Turku University Hospital, Finland. A diagnosis of PMR was confirmed if the patient met at least one of the five classification criteria, complete clinical follow-up (median 34 months) was compatible with PMR, and no other diagnosis better explained their condition. Of the patients initially diagnosed with PMR, 65.5% were considered to have PMR after further evaluation and clinical follow-up. The most common conditions initially diagnosed as PMR were inflammatory arthritides (34.9%), degenerative or stress-related musculoskeletal disorders (13.2%), infection (9.3%), malignancy (9.3%), giant cell vasculitis (6.2%) and other vasculitis (6.2%), and a wide range of other less common diseases. The diagnosis of PMR remained in 81.3% of patients who fulfilled the 2012 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism PMR classification criteria and in 45.5% of patients who did not. Diagnosing PMR is challenging, even in a university hospital. One-third of the initial diagnoses of PMR changed during further evaluation and follow-up. There is a substantial risk of misdiagnosis, especially in patients with atypical presentation, and the differential diagnoses of PMR must be considered carefully.
Sustainable Destination Development Through Responsible Community Based Tourism Initiatives: A Case Study of Indian Sunderbans
Creators: name: Gantait, Arnab
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Presented the paper titled, “Sustainable Destination Development Through Responsible Community Based Tourism Initiatives: A Case Study of Indian Sunderbans” in the International Conference on Community Involvement in Tourism Development in Emerging Countries, organized by Department of Business Studies, School of Business Studies, Central University of Karnataka, India, held on 3rd Jan – 5th Jan 2019.
North Atlantic Oscillation in winter is largely insensitive to autumn Barents-Kara sea ice variability
Creators: name: Yu Feng Siew, Peter
name: Li, Camille
name: Ting, Mingfang
name: Sobolowski, Stefan P.
name: Wu, Yutian
name: Chen, Xiaodan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: North Atlantic oscillation
Sea ice
Climatology

description: Arctic sea ice extent in autumn is significantly correlated with the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in the satellite era. However, questions about the robustness and reproducibility of the relationship persist. Here, we show that climate models are able to simulate periods of strong ice-NAO correlation, albeit rarely. Furthermore, we show that the winter circulation signals during these periods are consistent with observations and not driven by sea ice. We do so by interrogating a multimodel ensemble for the specific time scale of interest, thereby illuminating the dynamics that produce large spread in the ice-NAO relationship. Our results support the importance of internal variability over sea ice but go further in showing that the mechanism behind strong ice-NAO correlations, when they occur, is similar in longer observational records and models. Rather than sea ice, circulation anomalies over the Urals emerge as a decisive precursor to the winter NAO signal.
Probing the quantum nature of spacetime by diffusion
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Eichhorn, Astrid
name: Saueressig, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many approaches to quantum gravity have resorted to diffusion processes to characterize the spectral properties of the resulting quantum spacetimes. We critically discuss these quantum-improved diffusion equations and point out that a crucial property, namely positivity of their solutions, is not preserved automatically. We then construct a novel set of diffusion equations with positive semi-definite probability densities, applicable to Asymptotically Safe gravity, Horava-Lifshitz gravity and Loop Quantum Gravity. These recover all previous results on the spectral dimension and shed further light on the structure of the quantum spacetimes by assessing the underlying stochastic processes. Pointing out that manifestly different diffusion processes lead to the same spectral dimension, we propose the probability distribution of the diffusion process as a refined probe of quantum spacetime.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures; v2: minor typos corrected
The community of transformative repair
Creators: name: Keulemans, Guy
name: Rubenis, Niklavs
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: transformative repair
subject: reuse
subject: generative design
subject: sustainability
subject: rhizome

description: Transformative repair is repair that transforms the appearance, function or significance of an object, categorising a broad and open-ended collection of techniques for the material conservation of objects beyond conventional repair. Detailing aspects of the research project Transformative Repair & Perception Research, this paper argues transformative repair can be framed as a type of generative design. Generative aspects result from the engagement of professional product designers, architects and craftspeople in reparative response to the mix of practical and contextual information presented by broken and obsolete products. Repair can be understood to be a generative system from a number of different perspectives: at the local level in which a repairer must process (repair) the output (damage) of a generative event (a break), or at a repair-scenario level, in which designers respond to contextual relations, such as personal significance, history of use, and cultural or commercial notions of value. Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of the rhizome (1987) is used to interrogate these processes. Several case studies are illustrated, including the transformations of ceramics, textile and glass objects. The proposal that creative forms of repair and reuse can be conceptually understood as a novelty generating transformative craft that minimises material waste is discussed in relation to how qualitative and quantitative evaluative criteria for transformative repair may be developed.
Type- and Subtype-Specific Influenza Forecast
Creators: name: Kandula, Sasikiran
name: Yang, Wan
name: Shaman, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Influenza
Epidemiology
Forecasting

description: Prediction of the growth and decline of infectious disease incidence has advanced considerably in recent years. As these forecasts improve, their public health utility should increase, particularly as interventions are developed that make explicit use of forecast information. It is the task of the research community to increase the content and improve the accuracy of these infectious disease predictions. Presently, operational real-time forecasts of total influenza incidence are produced at the municipal and state level in the United States. These forecasts are generated using ensemble simulations depicting local influenza transmission dynamics, which have been optimized prior to forecast with observations of influenza incidence and data assimilation methods. Here, we explore whether forecasts targeted to predict influenza by type and subtype during 2003-2015 in the United States were more or less accurate than forecasts targeted to predict total influenza incidence. We found that forecasts separated by type/subtype generally produced more accurate predictions and, when summed, produced more accurate predictions of total influenza incidence. These findings indicate that monitoring influenza by type and subtype not only provides more detailed observational content but supports more accurate forecasting. More accurate forecasting can help officials better respond to and plan for current and future influenza activity.
Subregional Nowcasts of Seasonal Influenza Using Search Trends
Creators: name: Kandula, Sasikiran
name: Hsu, Daniel Joseph
name: Shaman, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Influenza
Epidemiology--Statistical methods
Forecasting

description: Background: Limiting the adverse effects of seasonal influenza outbreaks at state or city level requires close monitoring of localized outbreaks and reliable forecasts of their progression. Whereas forecasting models for influenza or influenza-like illness (ILI) are becoming increasingly available, their applicability to localized outbreaks is limited by the nonavailability of real-time observations of the current outbreak state at local scales. Surveillance data collected by various health departments are widely accepted as the reference standard for estimating the state of outbreaks, and in the absence of surveillance data, nowcast proxies built using Web-based activities such as search engine queries, tweets, and access of health-related webpages can be useful. Nowcast estimates of state and municipal ILI were previously published by Google Flu Trends (GFT); however, validations of these estimates were seldom reported. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop and validate models to nowcast ILI at subregional geographic scales. Methods: We built nowcast models based on autoregressive (autoregressive integrated moving average; ARIMA) and supervised regression methods (Random forests) at the US state level using regional weighted ILI and Web-based search activity derived from Google's Extended Trends application programming interface. We validated the performance of these methods using actual surveillance data for the 50 states across six seasons. We also built state-level nowcast models using state-level estimates of ILI and compared the accuracy of these estimates with the estimates of the regional models extrapolated to the state level and with the nowcast estimates published by GFT. Results: Models built using regional ILI extrapolated to state level had a median correlation of 0.84 (interquartile range: 0.74-0.91) and a median root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.01 (IQR: 0.74-1.50), with noticeable variability across seasons and by state population size. Model forms that hypothesize the availability of timely state-level surveillance data show significantly lower errors of 0.83 (0.55-0.23). Compared with GFT, the latter model forms have lower errors but also lower correlation. Conclusions: These results suggest that the proposed methods may be an alternative to the discontinued GFT and that further improvements in the quality of subregional nowcasts may require increased access to more finely resolved surveillance data.
title: Geochemical screening of Eocene bivalves: disentangling environmental signals from diagenetic overprint
Creators: name:  Kniest ,  Jorit F.
name:  Voigt ,  Silke
name:  Todd ,  Jonathan A.
name:  Sigwart ,  Julia D.
name:  Joachimski ,  Michael
name:  Hezel ,  Dominik C.
name:  Raddatz ,  Jacek
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The Eocene ´greenhouse´ climate represents the warmest period within the Cenozoic and has therefore become especially interesting as an analogue for estimated future climate scenarios. For paleo-climate reconstructions, bivalves represent valuable proxy archives with a high temporal resolution, due to their distinct, periodic layering (growth increments). However, interpreting environmental signals from fossil bivalves can be challenging, because of the species-specific mineralogy of the shells (calcite or aragonite) and its associated geochemical behaviour, as well as its resilience against diagenetic alteration. For the current study several middle Eocene (Lutetian) aragonitic valves of the species Venericor planicosta from different localities of the Anglo-Paris-Basin were analysed. To disentangle the environmental signals from possible diagenetic or biological influences, EPMA mapping, Cathodoluminescence (CL), as well as SEM imaging were employed. The CL and the SEM analyses revealed no increased incorporation of Mn or an extensive recrystallization respectively, suggesting a pristine preservation of the original shell material. These findings are further underlined by results of EPMA mapping of Mg, Na, Sr and S, which display oscillating element distribution patterns with increased element ratios (Me/Ca) along growth increment boundaries. Moreover, an increasing trend of the Sr/Ca ratio along the growth axis of each shell, points to potential ontogenetic effects. The Me/Ca ratios pattern are similar in all specimens, independent from their geological age or sample location and are not expected for diagenetically influenced material. Accordingly, the aragonitic shells are considered as excellent preserved archives with a high potential to resolve Eocene seasonality, e.g. by using δ18O and ∆47.
Evaluation of mechanistic and statistical methods in forecasting influenza-like illness
Creators: name: Kandula, Sasikiran
name: Yamana, Teresa K.
name: Pei, Sen
name: Yang, Wan
name: Morita, Haruka
name: Shaman, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biomathematics
Computational biology
Influenza
Forecasting

description: A variety of mechanistic and statistical methods to forecast seasonal influenza have been proposed and are in use; however, the effects of various data issues and design choices (statistical versus mechanistic methods, for example) on the accuracy of these approaches have not been thoroughly assessed. Here, we compare the accuracy of three forecasting approaches-a mechanistic method, a weighted average of two statistical methods and a super-ensemble of eight statistical and mechanistic models-in predicting seven outbreak characteristics of seasonal influenza during the 2016-2017 season at the national and 10 regional levels in the USA. For each of these approaches, we report the effects of real time under- and over-reporting in surveillance systems, use of non-surveillance proxies of influenza activity and manual override of model predictions on forecast quality. Our results suggest that a meta-ensemble of statistical and mechanistic methods has better overall accuracy than the individual methods. Supplementing surveillance data with proxy estimates generally improves the quality of forecasts and transient reporting errors degrade the performance of all three approaches considerably. The improvement in quality from ad hoc and post-forecast changes suggests that domain experts continue to possess information that is not being sufficiently captured by current forecasting approaches.
Cepheids in Open Clusters: An 8-D All-sky Census
Creators: name: Anderson, Richard I.
name: Eyer, Laurent
name: Mowlavi, Nami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cepheids in open clusters (cluster Cepheids: CCs) are of great importance as zero-point calibrators of the Galactic Cepheid period-luminosity relationship (PLR). We perform an 8-dimensional all-sky census that aims to identify new bona-fide CCs and provide a ranking of membership confidence for known CC candidates according to membership probabilities. The probabilities are computed for combinations of known Galactic open clusters and classical Cepheid candidates, based on spatial, kinematic, and population-specific membership constraints. Data employed in this analysis are taken largely from published literature and supplemented by a year-round observing program on both hemispheres dedicated to determining systemic radial velocities of Cepheids. In total, we find 23 bona-fide CCs, 5 of which are candidates identified for the first time, including an overtone-Cepheid member in NGC 129. We discuss a subset of CC candidates in detail, some of which have been previously mentioned in the literature. Our results indicate unlikely membership for 7 Cepheids that have been previously discussed in terms of cluster membership. We furthermore revisit the Galactic PLR using our bona fide CC sample and obtain a result consistent with the recent calibration by Turner (2010). However, our calibration remains limited mainly by cluster uncertainties and the small number of long-period calibrators. In the near future, Gaia will enable our study to be carried out in much greater detail and accuracy, thanks to data homogeneity and greater levels of completeness.
description: 27 pages, 20 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Results on the resources evaluation activities for the use of biomass as fuel
Creators: name: Dallas, Petros
name: Nikolopoulos, Aris
name: Margaritis, Nikos
name: Grammelis, Panagiotis
name: Karampinis, Emmanouil
name: Rubio, Carmen Bartolomé
name: Galindo, Daniel García
name: Tirado, Cristina Gonzalo
name: González, Javier Marcos
name: Habas, Sebastián Zapata
name: Zampetakis, Theofilos
name: Yiannoulakis, Haris
name: Papageorgiou, Polykarpos
name: Vayionas, Pavlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Energy and materials flexibility
Energy management
Sustainable planning
Energy efficiency
Waste heat recovery
Valorisation
Monitoring systems
Energy intensive industry
Energy and resource flexibility in highly energy intensive industries

description: The main goal of this task is to characterise the availability of biomass and their source location in respect to two specific magnesite production plants, i.e. GM’s and MAGNA’s that are located at Chalkidiki (Greece) and Esteribar Valley (Spain) respectively. Different resources were evaluated in order to provide multiple bio-fuels sources and provide flexibility to the operators of the plants. The availability of local, low-cost solid biomass resources (e.g. forest, agricultural & agro-industrial residues, etc.) was evaluated for the GM and MAGNA sites respectively. The evaluation was performed through the collection of regionally-specific data on current forest, agricultural and agro-industrial residues. Factors affecting the biomass availability, such as alternative uses, sustainability requirements, relevant legislation and support measures and socio-economic issues were taken into account. Cost estimates were made after the formulation of simplified logistic models and compared with the local biomass prices or prices for internationally traded biofuels (e.g. wood pellets). Fuel analysis for specific biomass samples were performed in order to better evaluate their suitability as fuels in the kilns and to be used for other Tasks in the framework of BAMBOO project including CFD simulations and demonstration activities in the aforementioned industrial plants.
Causes of interannual to decadal variability of Gila River streamflow over the past century
Creators: name: Pascolini-Campbell, Madeleine Anne
name: Seager, Richard
name: Gutzler, David S.
name: Cook, Benjamin I.
name: Griffin, D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Streamflow
Streamflow--Analysis
Hydrologic cycle
Precipitation variability
Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Teleconnections (Climatology)

description: Study region: The Gila River, New Mexico, is characterized by two peaks in streamflow: one in the winter–spring (December–May), and summer (August–September). The region is influenced both by Pacific SST variability as well as the North American Monsoon. Study focus: The mechanisms responsible for the variability of the winter–spring and summer streamflow peaks are investigated by correlation of streamflow with precipitation and sea surface temperature for 1928–2012. Decadal variability in the flow record is examined for a longer term perspective on Gila River streamflow using tree ring-based reconstructions of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). New hydrological insights for the region: Results indicate a strong influence of winter–spring precipitation and Pacific SST anomalies on the winter–spring streamflow, with El Niño conditions in the Pacific causing increased precipitation and streamflow. Decadal Pacific variability helps explain the transition from high winter flow in the late 20th century to lower flows in the most recent decade. The summer streamflow has a somewhat weaker correlation with precipitation and Pacific SST than the winter–spring streamflow. Its variability is more likely influenced by local North American Monsoon precipitation variability. PDSI and SPI reconstructions indicate much more severe and extended periods of droughts and pluvials in past centuries as well as periods of concurrent winter and summer drought.
Equilibrium and nonequilibrium many-body perturbation theory: a unified framework based on the Martin-Schwinger hierarchy
Creators: name: van Leeuwen, Robert
name: Stefanucci, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a unified framework for equilibrium and nonequilibrium many-body perturbation theory. The most general nonequilibrium many-body theory valid for general initial states is based on a time-contour originally introduced by Konstantinov and Perel'. The various other well-known formalisms of Keldysh, Matsubara and the zero-temperature formalism are then derived as special cases that arise under different assumptions. We further present a single simple proof of Wick's theorem that is at the same time valid in all these flavors of many-body theory. It arises simply as a solution of the equations of the Martin-Schwinger hierarchy for the noninteracting many-particle Green's function with appropriate boundary conditions. We further discuss a generalized Wick theorem for general initial states on the Keldysh contour and derive how the formalisms based on the Keldysh and Konstantinov-Perel'-contours are related for the case of general initial states.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Mass supply from Io to Jupiter's magnetosphere
Creators: name: Roth, L.
name: Blöcker, A.
name: de Kleer, K.
name: Goldstein, D.
name: Lellouch, E.
name: Saur, J.
name: Schmidt, C.
name: Strobel, D. F.
name: Tao, C.
name: Tsuchiya, F.
name: Dols, V.
name: Huybrighs, H.
name: Mura, A.
name: Szalay, J. R.
name: Badman, S. V.
name: de Pater, I.
name: Dott, A. -C.
name: Kagitani, M.
name: Klaiber, L.
name: Koga, R.
name: McEwen, A.
name: Milby, Z.
name: Retherford, K. D.
name: Schlegel, S.
name: Thomas, N.
name: Tseng, W. L.
name: Vorburger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the Voyager mission flybys in 1979, we have known the moon Io to be both volcanically active and the main source of plasma in the vast magnetosphere of Jupiter. Material lost from Io forms neutral clouds, the Io plasma torus and ultimately the extended plasma sheet. This material is supplied from Io's upper atmosphere and atmospheric loss is likely driven by plasma-interaction effects with possible contributions from thermal escape and photochemistry-driven escape. Direct volcanic escape is negligible. The supply of material to maintain the plasma torus has been estimated from various methods at roughly one ton per second. Most of the time the magnetospheric plasma environment of Io is stable on timescales from days to months. Similarly, Io's atmosphere was found to have a stable average density on the dayside, although it exhibits lateral and temporal variations. There is potential positive feedback in the Io torus supply: collisions of torus plasma with atmospheric neutrals are probably a significant loss process, which increases with torus density. The stability of the torus environment may be maintained by limiting mechanisms of either torus supply from Io or the loss from the torus by centrifugal interchange in the middle magnetosphere. Various observations suggest that occasionally the plasma torus undergoes major transient changes over a period of several weeks, apparently overcoming possible stabilizing mechanisms. Such events are commonly explained by some kind of change in volcanic activity that triggers a chain of reactions which modify the plasma torus state via a net change in supply of new mass. However, it remains unknown what kind of volcanic event (if any) can trigger events in torus and magnetosphere, whether Io's atmosphere undergoes a general change before or during such events, and what processes could enable such a change in the otherwise stable torus.
Geology of the Paradox No. 3 Mine area
Creators: name: Peck, Dallas L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1953
Subjects: quartz
carbonate
Geological and Planetary Sciences
scheelite
calcite
wall rock
vein minerals

description: The Paradox No. 3 mine, Atolia, California, was mapped and thin sections of the vein minerals and wall rock were examined.

Veins containing quartz, scheelite and carbonate occur along faults and fractures in Atolia quartz monzonite (Upper Jurassic ?), which is an orthoclase-biotite tonalite in the mine area. The mineralization occurs along three principle veins, named for convenience the main vein, north vein and west vein. Both the main and north veins occupy steeply dipping, northwest trending faults and fractures which dip 50 to 60 degrees southward from the surface and upper levels, but the main vein changes dip to the north near the 100 level, and the north vein changes dip to the north near the 200 level. Upward branching and changes in dip of the veins are common and are believed to be the result of nearly equal pressures on the different fracture surfaces at the time of mineralization.  The west vein occupies a west to northwest trending thrust fault, which dips northward at 30 to 45 degrees, and an east trending strike-slip fault. The forces causing the faulting and fracturing are believed to be local vertical forces followed by regional compression oriented north to northeast. Localization of ore seems to occur at the junction of the thrust and strike-slip faults and at and above changes in dip of the north and main veins. The vein matter consists of coarse grained scheelite, quartz, and calcite, deposited in that order as open space filling in the fractures. Crustification, comb textures and small filled cavities are common. Wall rock alteration in the quartz monzonite resulted in pervasive alteration of biotite to chlorite and, feldspar to white mica, carbonate and clays. Adjacent to the veins the wall rock consists of illite, calcite, quartz and minor clays, chlorite, pyrite and locally albite.

The deformation and mineralization are believed to have occurred during Miocene times at shallow depths. The ore forming fluids were probably hot carbonated aqueous solutions carrying minor quantities of sulphur and tungsten and possibly silica and potash.

Suggested sites for exploration for ore are on the north vein at the 100 and 150 levels end the main vein at the east end of the 100 level.
Notas Para Una Critica Filosofica del Malinchismo by Guillermo Hurtado
Creators: name: Hurtado, Guillermo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220399 Philosophy not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Philosophy
subject: 220316 Philosophy of Specific Cultures (incl. Comparative Philosophy)

description: Contribution by Guillermo Hurtado.
Instability crossover of helical shear flow in segregated Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Hayashi, Shinsuke
name: Tsubota, Makoto
name: Takeuchi, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the instability of helical shear flows, in which one fluid component flows along the vortex core of the other, in phase-separated two-component Bose-Einstein condensates at zero temperature. The helical shear flows are hydrodynamically classified into two regimes: (1) a helical vortex sheet, where the vorticity is localized on the cylindrical interface and the stability is described by an effective theory for ripple modes, and (2) a core-flow vortex with the vorticity distributed in the vicinity of the vortex core, where the instability phenomena are dominated only by the vortex-characteristic modes: Kelvin and varicose modes. The helical shear-flow instability shows remarkable competition among different types of instabilities in the crossover regime between the two regimes.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, v2 minor changes
Hot Casimir Wormholes
Creators: name: Garattini, Remo
name: Faizal, Mir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we have for the first time considered the consequences of thermal fluctuations to the Casimir effect on a traversable wormhole. This was done by using finite temperature generalization of the Casimir effect as a source of a hot traversable wormhole. Thus, we have considered a more physical scenario, where the effects of thermal fluctuations are also considered as a source of a traversable wormhole. To obtain a dependence on such a thermal Casimir effect, consider the plates positioned at a distance either parametrically fixed or radially varying. In both cases, the temperature effects are investigated. We demonstrate that thermal fluctuations modify the throat of the wormhole. Such results have been obtained in both regimes, i.e. high temperature and low temperature. We explicitly investigate the effect of such finite temperature effects on the size of a wormhole.
description: LaTeX 12 pages
Notas Para Una Critica Filosofica del Malinchismo by Guillermo Hurtado
Creators: name: Philosophy, the Journal of Mexican
name: Hurtado, Guillermo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220399 Philosophy not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Philosophy
subject: 220316 Philosophy of Specific Cultures (incl. Comparative Philosophy)

description: Contribution by Guillermo Hurtado.
Unsupervised clustering to differentiate rheumatoid arthritis patients based on proteomic signatures
Creators: name: Ferreira, MB
name: Kobayashi, M
name: Costa, RQ
name: Fonseca, T
name: Brandão, M
name: Oliveira, JC
name: Marinho, A
name: Carvalho, H Cyrne
name: Rodrigues, P
name: Zannad, F
name: Rossignol, P
name: Barros, AS
name: Ferreira, JP
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have different presentations and prognoses. Cluster analysis based on proteomic signatures creates independent phenogroups of patients with different pathophysiological backgrounds. We aimed to identify distinct pathophysiological clusters of RA patients based on circulating proteomic biomarkers. This was a cohort study including 399 RA patients. Clustering was performed on 94 circulating proteins (92 CVDII Olink®, high-sensitivity troponin T, and C-reactive protein). Unsupervised clustering was performed using a partitioning cluster algorithm. The clustering algorithm identified two distinct clusters: cluster 1 (n = 223) and cluster 2 (n = 176). Compared with cluster 1, cluster 2 included older patients with a higher burden of comorbidities (cardiovascular and RA related), more erosive and longer RA duration, more dyspnoea and fatigue, walking a shorter distance in the Six-Minute Walk Test, with more severe diastolic dysfunction, and a 4.5-fold higher risk of death or hospitalization for cardiovascular reasons. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily-related pathways were mainly responsible for the model’s discriminative ability. Using unsupervised cluster analysis based on proteomic phenotypes, we identified two clusters of RA patients with distinct biomarkers profiles, clinical characteristics, and different outcomes that could reflect different pathophysiological backgrounds. TNF receptor superfamily-related proteins may be used to distinguish subgroups.
Does Global Warming Cause Intensified Interannual Hydroclimate Variability?
Creators: name: Seager, Richard
name: Naik, Naomi H.
name: Vogel, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Hydrologic cycle
Global warming
Climatic changes

description: The idea that global warming leads to more droughts and floods has become commonplace without clear indication of what is meant by this statement. Here, the authors examine one aspect of this problem and assess whether interannual variability of precipitation P minus evaporation E becomes stronger in the twenty-first century compared to the twentieth century, as deduced from an ensemble of models participating in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3. It is shown that indeed interannual variability of P − E does increase almost everywhere across the planet, with a few notable exceptions such as southwestern North America and some subtropical regions. The variability increases most at the equator and the high latitudes and least in the subtropics. Although most interannual P − E variability arises from internal atmosphere variability, the primary potentially predictable component is related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). ENSO-driven interannual P − E variability clearly increases in amplitude in the tropical Pacific, but elsewhere the changes are more complex. This is not surprising in that ENSO-driven P − E anomalies are primarily caused by circulation anomalies combining with the climatological humidity field. As climate warms and the specific humidity increases, this term leads to an intensification of ENSO-driven P − E variability. However, ENSO-driven circulation anomalies also change, in some regions amplifying but in others opposing and even overwhelming the impact of rising specific humidity. Consequently, there is sound scientific basis for anticipating a general increase in interannual P − E variability, but the predictable component will depend in a more complex way on both thermodynamic responses to global warming and on how tropically forced circulation anomalies alter.
Subluxation of the first carpometacarpal joint and age are important factors in reduced hand strength in patients with hand osteoarthritis
Creators: name: van Beest, S
name: Kloppenburg, M
name: Rosendaal, FR
name: van de Stadt, LA
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To investigate the determinants of hand strength in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). Pinch and cylinder grip strength were measured in 527 patients with hand OA diagnosed by their treating rheumatologist from the Hand OSTeoArthritis in Secondary care (HOSTAS) study. Radiographs of hands (22 joints) were scored 0–3 (scaphotrapeziotrapezoid and first interphalangeal joints 0–1) on osteophytes and joint space narrowing following the Osteoarthritis Research Society International atlas. The first carpometacarpal joint (CMC1) was scored 0–1 for subluxation. Pain was assessed with the Australian/Canadian Hand Osteoarthritis Index pain subscale, and health-related quality of life with the Short Form-36. Regression analysis served to investigate associations of hand strength with patient, disease, and radiographic features. Hand strength was negatively associated with female sex, age, and pain. Reduced hand strength was associated with reduced quality of life, although less after adjusting for pain. Radiographic features of hand OA were associated with reduced grip strength when solely adjusted for sex and body mass index, but only CMC1 subluxation in the dominant hand remained significantly associated with pinch grip adjusted additionally for age (−0.511 kg, 95% confidence interval −0.975; −0.046). Mediation analysis showed low and not significant percentages of mediation of hand OA in the association between age and grip strength. Subluxation of CMC1 is associated with reduced grip strength, whereas associations with other radiographic features seem to be confounded by age. In the relationship between age and hand strength, radiographic hand OA severity is not an important mediator.
Investigation at low speed of a six-percent thick symmetrical circular-arc airfoil with leading edge retraction in combination with nose slot
Creators: name: Birdwell, Carl
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1955
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: The effectiveness of leading-edge retraction as a possible high-lift device for thin, sharp-nosed airfoils was investigated. Experimental results are presented for a symmetrical, 6%-thick, circular-arc airfoil configuration, such that the forward 9.5% section of the chord is retractable up to a distance of 20% chord into the wing. The results include direct force measurements, limited surface pressure surveys and limited single-tuft surveys.

Tests were made with varying amounts of retraction in combination with variable stagger between leading edges of upper and lower surfaces and with several upper surface slot configurations. One retracted configuration was tested with a 20% chord, split-flap.

The results show that retraction is ineffective in increasing maximum lift. In general the effect on maximum lift was as follows: (1) Retracting up to approximately 9%, decreased maximum lift in proportion to the loss in wing area, (2) With exactly 9.06% retraction and with certain configurations of stagger and/or slots, the stalling angle of attack was increased 2[degrees] and the maximum lift was equal to that of the unaltered airfoil, (3) Retracting more than 9.06% resulted in a disproportionate loss of maximum lift, approximately 20% less than the unaltered airfoil.
Dust Bowl
Creators: name: Seager, Richard
name: Cook, Benjamin I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Dust Bowl Era, 1931-1939
Droughts
Soil erosion

description: The Dust Bowl refers to the years of drought and dust storms that affected the Great Plains of the United States during the 1930s. The term "Dust Bowl" was proposed by a reporter writing an article 1 day after "Black Sunday" - April 14, 1935 which was one of the worst days of dust storms. The term originally referred to some of the worst affected regions in Texas. Oklahoma, Colorado, and Kansas. "Dust Bowl" is now used to refer more generally to the entire catastrophe in the 1930s comprising drought, crop failure, soil erosion, dust storms, economic collapse, and human migration.
title: Geobiotropy on Early Earth and in the Rocky Universe
Creators: name:  Paule ,  Marie
name:  Bassez ,  Renelde
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: It is currently proposed that life existed 3.5-3.8 Ga ago. However, the origin of the microorganisms is not yet explained. This presentation shows an anoxic path of formation of ferric minerals together with production of H2, when ferrous rocks interact with water at 300°-350°C, 10-25 MPa, 700-600 kg/m3, and at very alkaline pH, 11-14. The released H2 can interact with the dissolved CO2 and lead to CO that is known to be the preferred simple molecule for prebiotic chemistry reactions. Fluid inclusions that form during the hydrolysis can thus contain H2, CO, H2O. When N2 is present, this assemblage of molecules is known in the laboratory to lead to organic molecules of life. Therefore, from the rocks may form the molecules that are required for the emergence of life, process that I represented in 2016, by the concept of geobiotropy. This conclusion arises from the analysis of the redox potential E of the electrochemical system Fe-high subcritical water, in the high pH range. The induced precise values of T, P, density, pH, can be applied to the anoxic geological world, such as Early Earth and Enceladus, the icy satellite of Saturn. A Raman observation of a sample from the 3.4 Ga Buck Reef Chert, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa, shows quartz, siderite, hematite and the peak of water inside a 1 μm fluid inclusion in quartz. Other lines are under study. The theoretical predictions on anoxic ferrous iron oxidation will be tested with laboratory experiments that are currently under preparation.
Magnetic Hyperthermia with Fe3O4 nanoparticles: the Influence of Particle Size on Energy Absorption
Creators: name: Goya, Gerardo F.
name: Lima,, Enio
name: Arelaro, Amanda D.
name: Torres, Teobaldo E.
name: Rechenberg, Hercilio R.
name: Rossi, Liane
name: Marquina, Clara
name: Ibarra, M. Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the magnetic and power absorption properties of a series of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of Fe3O4 with average sizes ranging from 3 to 26 nm. Heating experiments as a function of particle size revealed a strong increase in the specific power absorption (SPA) values for particles with = 25-30 nm. On the other side saturation magnetization MS values of these MNPs remain essentially constant for particles with above 10 nm, suggesting that the absorption mechanism is not determined by MS. The largest SPA value obtained was 130 W/g, corresponding to a bimodal particle distribution with average size values of 17 and 26 nm.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The response of the North American Monsoon to increased greenhouse gas forcing
Creators: name: Cook, Benjamin I.
name: Seager, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Precipitation variability
Monsoons
Greenhouse gases--Environmental aspects
Hydrologic cycle
Climatic changes

description: We analyze the response of the North American Monsoon (NAM) to increased greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing (emissions scenario RCP 8.5) using new simulations available through the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version 5 (CMIP5). Changes in total monsoon season rainfall with GHG warming are small and insignificant. The models do, however, show significant declines in early monsoon season precipitation (June-July) and increases in late monsoon season (September-October) precipitation, indicating a shift in seasonality toward delayed onset and withdrawal of the monsoon. Early in the monsoon season, tropospheric warming increases vertical stability, reinforced by reductions in available surface moisture, inhibiting precipitation and delaying the onset of the monsoon. By the end of the monsoon season, moisture convergence is sufficient to overcome the warming induced stability increases, and precipitation is enhanced. Even with no change in total NAM rainfall, shifts in the seasonal distribution of precipitation within the NAM region are still likely to have significant societal and ecological consequences, reinforcing the need to not only understand the magnitude, but also the timing, of future precipitation changes.
The effect of a spanwise blowing jet on the separation bubble length behind a rearward facing step
Creators: name: Miyata, Gavien N.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1972
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: The problem of the effect of a spanwise blowing jet on the
flow past a rearward facing step is considered both theoretically and experimentally. The primary flow is considered to be a finite two dimensional jet blowing past a step and the spanwise jet is assumed to blow perpendicular to this primary flow. The equations predicting
the separation bubble length are de rived by assuming that the two dimensional jet is thin enough so that its radius of curvature can be determined by the pressure difference across the primary jet and the jet momentum. Then by doing a momentum balance at the reattachment point, the angle of reattachment is determined and the bubble geometry is fixed. The effect of the spanwise blowing jet is modeled by a two-dimensional sink with the sink strength given by the mass entrainment per unit length of a round jet in a semi-confined space.

The experimental work, which measured the bubble length
as a function of the two-dimensional jet thickness and the strength of the spanwise blowing jet, is matched with the theoretical predictions giving the spreading parameters of the shear layers on both sides of the primary jet.