cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study of a four-level system in vee + ladder configuration
Creators: name: Bharti, Vineet
name: Natarajan, Vasant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a theoretical study of a four-level atomic system in vee + ladder configuration using a density matrix analysis. The absorption and dispersion profiles are derived for a weak probe field and for varying strengths of the two strong control fields. For specificity, we choose energy levels of $^{87}$Rb, and present results for both stationary atoms and moving atoms in room temperature vapor. An electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) peak with negative dispersion is observed at zero probe detuning when the control fields have equal strengths, which switches to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with positive dispersion (due to splitting of the EIA peak) when the control fields are unequal. There is significant linewidth narrowing in thermal vapor.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
H2020-SPACE-ORIONAS Miniaturized optical transceivers for high-speed optical inter-satellite links
Creators: name: Stampoulidis, L.
name: Osman, A.
name: Sourikopoulos, I.
name: Winzer, G.
name: Zimmermann, L.
name: Dorward, W.
name: Rodrigo, A. Serrano
name: Chiesa, M.
name: Rotta, D.
name: Maho, A.
name: Faugeron, M.
name: Sotom, M.
name: Caccavale, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The European H2020-SPACE-ORIONAS project targets the development of optical transceiver and amplifier integrated circuits and modules applicable to high-speed and compact laser communication terminals. This paper presents the most recent project achievements in the fabrication of high-speed electronic-photonic modulator and receiver circuits monolithically integrated in the silicon photonics platform and their assembly in bread-board level photonic modules.
description: Draft submitted to SPIE for publication. H2020-SPACE-ORIONAS project. GA: 822002
Precise Regret Bounds for Log-loss via a Truncated Bayesian Algorithm
Creators: name: Wu, Changlong
name: Heidari, Mohsen
name: Grama, Ananth
name: Szpankowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the sequential general online regression, known also as the sequential probability assignments, under logarithmic loss when compared against a broad class of experts. We focus on obtaining tight, often matching, lower and upper bounds for the sequential minimax regret that are defined as the excess loss it incurs over a class of experts. After proving a general upper bound, we consider some specific classes of experts from Lipschitz class to bounded Hessian class and derive matching lower and upper bounds with provably optimal constants. Our bounds work for a wide range of values of the data dimension and the number of rounds. To derive lower bounds, we use tools from information theory (e.g., Shtarkov sum) and for upper bounds, we resort to new "smooth truncated covering" of the class of experts. This allows us to find constructive proofs by applying a simple and novel truncated Bayesian algorithm. Our proofs are substantially simpler than the existing ones and yet provide tighter (and often optimal) bounds.
description: Submitted
Exact non-magnetic ground state and residual entropy of S = 1/2 Heisenberg diamond spin lattices
Creators: name: Morita, K.
name: Shibata, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exactly solvable frustrated quantum spin models consisting of a diamond unit structure are presented. The ground states are characterized by tetramer-dimer states with a macroscopic degeneracy in a certain range of isotropic exchange interaction. The lower bound of the excitation gap is exactly calculated to be finite and the bulk entropy in the limit of zero temperature remains finite depending on the shape of the boundary of system. Residual entropy is in a range of 0~6.1% of the entropy at high temperature for hexagonal diamond lattice and 0~8.4% for square diamond lattice. These diamond lattices are generalized to any dimensions and it is likely to be synthesized experimentally.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Achieving Maximum-likelihood Detection Performance with Square-order Complexity in Large Quasi-Symmetric MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Jiuyu
name: Ma, Yi
name: Tafazolli, Rahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We focus on the signal detection for large quasi-symmetric (LQS) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where the numbers of both service (M) and user (N) antennas are large and N/M tends to 1. It is challenging to achieve maximum-likelihood detection (MLD) performance with square-order complexity due to the ill-conditioned channel matrix. In the emerging MIMO paradigm termed with an extremely large aperture array, the channel matrix can be more ill-conditioned due to spatial non-stationarity. In this paper, projected-Jacobi (PJ) is proposed for signal detection in (non-) stationary LQS-MIMO systems. It is theoretically and empirically demonstrated that PJ can achieve MLD performance, even when N/M = 1. Moreover, PJ has square-order complexity of N and supports parallel computation. The main idea of PJ is to add a projection step and to set a (quasi-) orthogonal initialization for the classical Jacobi iteration. Moreover, the symbol error rate (SER) of PJ is mathematically derived and it is tight to the simulation results.
description: Footnote 1 Correction: The complexities of CAMP [18] and MAMP [19] are square-order, not cubic-order
A goodness-of-fit test for regression models with spatially correlated errors
Creators: name: Meilán-Vila, Andrea
name: Opsomer, Jean D.
name: Francisco-Fernández, Mario
name: Crujeiras, Rosa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G10 (Primary), G2H11, G2G08, 62G09 (Secondary)

description: The problem of assessing a parametric regression model in the presence of spatial correlation is addressed in this work. For that purpose, a goodness-of-fit test based on a $L_2$-distance comparing a parametric and a nonparametric regression estimators is proposed. Asymptotic properties of the test statistic, both under the null hypothesis and under local alternatives, are derived. Additionally, a bootstrap procedure is designed to calibrate the test in practice. Finite sample performance of the test is analyzed through a simulation study, and its applicability is illustrated using a real data example.
description: 49 pages, 7 figures
Shared Manifold Learning Using a Triplet Network for Multiple Sensor Translation and Fusion with Missing Data
Creators: name: Dutt, Aditya
name: Zare, Alina
name: Gader, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Heterogeneous data fusion can enhance the robustness and accuracy of an algorithm on a given task. However, due to the difference in various modalities, aligning the sensors and embedding their information into discriminative and compact representations is challenging. In this paper, we propose a Contrastive learning based MultiModal Alignment Network (CoMMANet) to align data from different sensors into a shared and discriminative manifold where class information is preserved. The proposed architecture uses a multimodal triplet autoencoder to cluster the latent space in such a way that samples of the same classes from each heterogeneous modality are mapped close to each other. Since all the modalities exist in a shared manifold, a unified classification framework is proposed. The resulting latent space representations are fused to perform more robust and accurate classification. In a missing sensor scenario, the latent space of one sensor is easily and efficiently predicted using another sensor's latent space, thereby allowing sensor translation. We conducted extensive experiments on a manually labeled multimodal dataset containing hyperspectral data from AVIRIS-NG and NEON, and LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data from NEON. Lastly, the model is validated on two benchmark datasets: Berlin Dataset (hyperspectral and synthetic aperture radar) and MUUFL Gulfport Dataset (hyperspectral and LiDAR). A comparison made with other methods demonstrates the superiority of this method. We achieved a mean overall accuracy of 94.3% on the MUUFL dataset and the best overall accuracy of 71.26% on the Berlin dataset, which is better than other state-of-the-art approaches.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures; Accepted to IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
Alternately denoising and reconstructing unoriented point sets
Creators: name: Xiao, Dong
name: Shi, Zuoqiang
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new strategy to bridge point cloud denoising and surface reconstruction by alternately updating the denoised point clouds and the reconstructed surfaces. In Poisson surface reconstruction, the implicit function is generated by a set of smooth basis functions centered at the octnodes. When the octree depth is properly selected, the reconstructed surface is a good smooth approximation of the noisy point set. Our method projects the noisy points onto the surface and alternately reconstructs and projects the point set. We use the iterative Poisson surface reconstruction (iPSR) to support unoriented surface reconstruction. Our method iteratively performs iPSR and acts as an outer loop of iPSR. Considering that the octree depth significantly affects the reconstruction results, we propose an adaptive depth selection strategy to ensure an appropriate depth choice. To manage the oversmoothing phenomenon near the sharp features, we propose a $λ$-projection method, which means to project the noisy points onto the surface with an individual control coefficient $λ_{i}$ for each point. The coefficients are determined through a Voronoi-based feature detection method. Experimental results show that our method achieves high performance in point cloud denoising and unoriented surface reconstruction within different noise scales, and exhibits well-rounded performance in various types of inputs. The source code is available at~\url{https://github.com/Submanifold/AlterUpdate}.
description: Accepted by Computers & Graphics from CAD/Graphics 2023
Developing a semiclassical Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin theory for $α-\mathcal{T}_3$ model
Creators: name: Blaise, Kathy
name: Ejiogu, Chinedu
name: Iurov, Andrii
name: Zhemchuzhna, Liubov
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Huang, Danhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a complete semiclassical Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) theory for $α-\mathcal{T}_3$ model which describes a wide class of existing pseudospin-1 Dirac cone materials. By expanding the sought wave functions in a series over the powers of Planck constant $\hbar$, we have obtained the leading order expansion term which is the key quantity required for calculating the electronic and transport properties of a semiclassical electron in $α-\mathcal{T}_3$. We have derived the transport equations connecting each two consecutive orders of the wave function expansion and solved them to obtained the first order WKB wavefunction. We have also discussed the applicability of the obtained approximation and how these results could be used to investigate various tunneling and transport properties of $α-\mathcal{T}_3$ materials with non-trivial potential profiles. Our results could be also helpful for constructing electronics devices and transistors based on innovative flat-band Dirac materials.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Crocodilus humilis Leidy 1860
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Crocodilia
Crocodylidae
Crocodilus
Crocodilus humilis

description: Crocodilus humilis, Leidy. 1860. Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Extinct Vertebrata from the Judith river and Great Lignite formations of Nebraska, p. 146, pi. 11, figs. 9-19. Teeth of this species are found abundantly iu the rocks of the Belly River series. They are in the form of elongate cones, slightly curved inward, w^ith two angular longitudinal ridges defining the slightly flattened inner side. They are generally quite smooth, but in some specimens, a distinct folding or corrugation of the surface is observed more particularly in the upper half of small and medium sized specimens. Their bases are slightly excavated. The apices generally show signs of wear. I^umerous examples also occur of the low, rounded germ-teeth, figured by Leidy, that have a silky lustre, caused by the presence of minute, close-set, discontinuous ridges in the enamel, converging toward the apex. They are, however, sometimes elongated so as to be moderately pointed above. Belly River series, Red Deer river, 189*7, 1898 and 1901. Teeth of G. humilis had previously been collected, brit not determined, from the isame series of rocks, as follows: Professor John Macoun, Mackay creek, near "Walsh, a station on the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, east of Irviue, 1880; Dr, Gr. M. Dawson, Belly river, N.W.T. (Nos. 40 and 41), 1881; Mr. T. C. Weston, Ross coulee, near [rvine, 1884, and Irvine coulee, also near Irvine, 1888.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Observation of tunneling-assisted highly forbidden single-photon transitions in a Ni$_4$ single-molecule magnet
Creators: name: Chen, Yiming
name: Ashkezari, Mohammad D.
name: Collett, Charles A.
name: Cassaro, Rafael A. Allao
name: Troiani, Filippo
name: Lahti, Paul M.
name: Friedman, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forbidden transitions between energy levels typically involve violation of selection rules imposed by symmetry and/or conservation laws. A nanomagnet tunneling between up and down states violates angular momentum conservation because of broken rotational symmetry. Here we report observations of highly forbidden transitions between spin states in a Ni$_4$ single-molecule magnet in which a single photon can induce the spin to change by several times $\hbar$, nearly reversing the direction of the spin. These observations are understood as tunneling-assisted transitions that lift the standard $Δm = \pm 1$ selection rule for single-photon transitions. These transitions are observed at low applied fields, where tunneling is dominated by the molecule's intrinsic anisotropy and the field acts as a perturbation. Such transitions can be exploited to create macroscopic superposition states that are not typically accessible through single-photon $Δm = \pm 1$ transitions.
description: Version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. This version includes additional analysis and discussion of "macroscopicity" of observed transitions. Main article: 5 pages, 5 figs.; 16-page supplement has 17 additional figures
Prevention and Management Strategies for Diabetic Neuropathy.
Creators: name: Smith, Sasha
name: Normahani, Pasha
name: Lane, Tristan
name: Hohenschurz-Schmidt, David
name: Oliver, Nick
name: Davies, Alun Huw
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: diabetes
diabetic neuropathy
distal symmetrical polyneuropathy
glycemic control
lifestyle modifications
footcare
diagnostic evaluation
pain management
neuromodulation
nutraceuticals

description: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes that is becoming an increasing concern as the prevalence of diabetes rapidly rises. There are several types of DN, but the most prevalent and studied type is distal symmetrical polyneuropathy, which is the focus of this review and is simply referred to as DN. It can lead to a wide range of sensorimotor and psychosocial symptoms and is a major risk factor for diabetic foot ulceration and Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy, which are associated with high rates of lower limb amputation and mortality. The prevention and management of DN are thus critical, and clinical guidelines recommend several strategies for these based on the best available evidence. This article aims to provide a narrative review of DN prevention and management strategies by discussing these guidelines and the evidence that supports them. First, the epidemiology and diverse clinical manifestations of DN are summarized. Then, prevention strategies such as glycemic control, lifestyle modifications and footcare are discussed, as well as the importance of early diagnosis. Finally, neuropathic pain management strategies and promising novel therapies under investigation such as neuromodulation devices and nutraceuticals are reviewed.
Approximate quantum error correction, covariance symmetry, and their relation
Creators: name: Dai, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To perform reliable quantum computation, quantum error correction is indispensable. In certain cases, continuous covariance symmetry of the physical system can make exact error correction impossible. In this work we study the approximate error correction and covariance symmetry from the information-theoretic perspective. For general encoding and noise channels, we define a quantity named infidelity to characterize the performance of the approximate quantum error correction and quantify the noncovariance of an encoding channel with respect to a general Lie group from the asymmetry measure of the corresponding Choi state. In particular, when the encoding channel is isometric, we derive a trade-off relation between infidelity and noncovariance. Furthermore, we calculate the average infidelity and noncovariance measure for a type of random code.
Measuring Concurrency Attitudes: Development and Validation of a Vignette-Based Scale
Creators: name: Ramirez, Catalina
name: Agans, Robert
name: Cope, Anna B.
name: Schoenbach, Victor J.
name: DeVellis, Robert F.
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Concurrent sexual partnerships (partnerships that overlap in time) may contribute to higher rates of HIV transmission in African Americans. Attitudes toward a behavior constitute an important component of most models of health-related behavior and behavioral change. We have developed a scale, employing realistic vignettes that appear to reliably measure attitudes about concurrency in young African American adults.
On the mechanics of droplet surface crater during impact on immiscible viscous liquid pool
Creators: name: Roy, Durbar
name: M, Sophia
name: Basu, Saptarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study drop impacts on immiscible viscous liquid pool and investigate the formation of droplet surface craters using experimental and theoretical analysis. We attribute the formation of air craters to the rapid deceleration of the droplet due to viscous drag force. The droplet response to the external impulsive decelerating force induces oscillatory modes on the surface exposed to the air forming capillary waves that superimpose to form air craters of various shapes and sizes. We introduce a non-dimensional parameter ($Γ$), that is, the ratio of drag force to the capillary force acting on the droplet. We show that $Γ$ is directly proportional to the capillary number. We show that droplets forming air craters of significant depths have $Γ>1$. Further, we demonstrate that Legendre polynomials can locally approximate the central air crater jet profile. We also decipher that the air crater response time scale ($T$) varies as the square root of impact Weber number ($T{\sim}We^{1/2}$). Further, we generalize the local droplet response with a global response model for low-impact energies based on an eigenvalue problem. We represent the penetrating drop as a constrained Rayleigh drop problem with a dynamic contact line. The air-water interface dynamics is analyzed using an inviscid droplet deformation model for small deformation amplitudes. The local and global droplet response theory conforms with each other and depicts that the deformation profiles could be represented as a linear superposition of eigenmodes in Legendre polynomial basis. We unearth that the droplet response in an immiscible impact system differs from the miscible impact systems due to the presence of such a dynamic contact line.
Exceptional Points of Degeneracy with Indirect Bandgap Induced By Mixing Forward and Backward Propagating Waves
Creators: name: Mealy, Tarek
name: Capolino, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that exceptional points of degeneracy (EPDs) are obtained in two coupled waveguides without resorting to gain and loss. We show the general concept that modes resulting from a proper coupling of forward and backward waves exhibit EPDs of order two and that there the group velocity vanishes. We verify our insight by using coupled mode theory and also by fullwave numerical simulations of light in a dielectric slab coupled to a grating, when one supports a forward wave whereas the other (the grating) supports a backward wave. We also demonstrate how to realize photonic indirect bandgaps in guiding systems supporting a backward and a forward wave, show its relations to the occurrence of EPDs, and offer a design procedure.
Mechanical Ventilation and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Observational Study
Creators: name: Serrano, Carlos V.
name: Makdisse, Marcia R.
name: Katz, Marcelo
name: Barbas, Carmen Sílvia Valente
name: Katz, Jason N.
name: Pesaro, Antonio Eduardo P.
name: Correa, Alessandra G.
name: Pereira, Carolina
name: Lopes, Renato D.
name: Franken, Marcelo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and respiratory impairment may be treated with either invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation (MV). However, there has been little testing of non-invasive MV in the setting of AMI. Our objective was to evaluate the incidence and associated clinical outcomes of patients with AMI who were treated with non-invasive or invasive MV.
Fast and realistic large-scale structure from machine-learning-augmented random field simulations
Creators: name: Piras, Davide
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Producing thousands of simulations of the dark matter distribution in the Universe with increasing precision is a challenging but critical task to facilitate the exploitation of current and forthcoming cosmological surveys. Many inexpensive substitutes to full $N$-body simulations have been proposed, even though they often fail to reproduce the statistics of the smaller, non-linear scales. Among these alternatives, a common approximation is represented by the lognormal distribution, which comes with its own limitations as well, while being extremely fast to compute even for high-resolution density fields. In this work, we train a generative deep learning model, mainly made of convolutional layers, to transform projected lognormal dark matter density fields to more realistic dark matter maps, as obtained from full $N$-body simulations. We detail the procedure that we follow to generate highly correlated pairs of lognormal and simulated maps, which we use as our training data, exploiting the information of the Fourier phases. We demonstrate the performance of our model comparing various statistical tests with different field resolutions, redshifts and cosmological parameters, proving its robustness and explaining its current limitations. When evaluated on 100 test maps, the augmented lognormal random fields reproduce the power spectrum up to wavenumbers of $1 \ h \ \rm{Mpc}^{-1}$, and the bispectrum within 10%, and always within the error bars, of the fiducial target simulations. Finally, we describe how we plan to integrate our proposed model with existing tools to yield more accurate spherical random fields for weak lensing analysis.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Matches MNRAS published version, which includes more tests with e.g. varying cosmological parameters
Light curve analysis of six totally eclipsing W UMa binaries
Creators: name: Latković, Olivera
name: Čeki, Atila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze multicolor light curves of six totally eclipsing, short-period W UMa binaries and derive, for the first time, their orbital and stellar parameters. The mass ratios are established robustly through an automated q-search procedure that performs a heuristic survey of the parameter space. Five stars belong to the W and one to the A subtype. The mass ratios range from 0.23 to 0.51 and the fillouts from 10 to 15%. We estimate the ages and discuss the evolutionary status of these objects in comparison with a sample of other short-period W UMa binaries from the literature.
Intriguing aspects of meson condensation
Creators: name: Mammarella, Andrea
name: Mannarelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze various aspects of pion and kaon condensation in the framework of chiral perturbation theory. Considering a system at vanishing temperature and varying the isospin chemical potential and the strange quark chemical potential we reproduce known results about the phase transition to the pion condensation phase and to the kaon condensation phase. However, we obtain mesonic mixings and masses in the condensed phases that are in disagreement with the results reported in previous works. Our findings are obtained both by a theory group analysis and by direct calculation by means of the same low-energy effective Lagrangian used in previous works. We also study the leptonic decay channels in the normal phase and in the pion condensed phase, finding that some of these channels have a peculiar nonmonotonic behavior as a function of the isospin chemical potential. Regarding the semileptonic decays, we find that that they should be efficient feeding processes for the stable charged pion state.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, minor changes, references added, to appear on Phys. Rev. D
Uncovering ChatGPT's Capabilities in Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Dai, Sunhao
name: Shao, Ninglu
name: Zhao, Haiyuan
name: Yu, Weijie
name: Si, Zihua
name: Xu, Chen
name: Sun, Zhongxiang
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Xu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The debut of ChatGPT has recently attracted the attention of the natural language processing (NLP) community and beyond. Existing studies have demonstrated that ChatGPT shows significant improvement in a range of downstream NLP tasks, but the capabilities and limitations of ChatGPT in terms of recommendations remain unclear. In this study, we aim to conduct an empirical analysis of ChatGPT's recommendation ability from an Information Retrieval (IR) perspective, including point-wise, pair-wise, and list-wise ranking. To achieve this goal, we re-formulate the above three recommendation policies into a domain-specific prompt format. Through extensive experiments on four datasets from different domains, we demonstrate that ChatGPT outperforms other large language models across all three ranking policies. Based on the analysis of unit cost improvements, we identify that ChatGPT with list-wise ranking achieves the best trade-off between cost and performance compared to point-wise and pair-wise ranking. Moreover, ChatGPT shows the potential for mitigating the cold start problem and explainable recommendation. To facilitate further explorations in this area, the full code and detailed original results are open-sourced at https://github.com/rainym00d/LLM4RS.
description: Accepted by RecSys 2023
Dynamics of flexible filaments in oscillatory shear flows
Creators: name: Bonacci, Francesco
name: Chakrabarti, Brato
name: Saintillan, David
name: Roure, Olivia du
name: Lindner, Anke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluid-structure interactions between flexible fibers and viscous flows play an essential role in various biological phenomena, medical problems, and industrial processes. Of particular interest is the case of particles freely transported in time-dependent flows. This work elucidates the dynamics and morphologies of actin filaments under oscillatory shear flows by combining microfluidic experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical modeling. Our work reveals that, in contrast to steady shear flows, in which small orientational fluctuations from a flow-aligned state initiate tumbling and deformations, the periodic flow reversal allows the filament to explore many different configurations at the beginning of each cycle. Investigation of filament motion during half time periods of oscillation highlights the critical role of the initial filament orientation on the emergent dynamics. This strong coupling between orientation and deformation results in new deformation regimes and novel higher-order buckling modes absent in steady shear flows. The primary outcome of our analysis is the possibility of suppression of buckling instabilities for certain combinations of the oscillation frequency and initial filament orientation, even in very strong flows. We explain this unusual behavior through a weakly nonlinear Landau theory of buckling, in which we treat the filaments as inextensible Brownian Euler-Bernoulli rods whose hydrodynamics are described by local slender-body theory.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
"Letztes Mal bin ich nicht so weit gekommen!" (CP, 2017) Förderung der Leseflüssigkeit durch Lautleseverfahren im Unterricht – positive Auswirkungen auf das Textverständnis als Nebeneffekt?
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Leyla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Leseerziehung
Lautes Lesen
Textverstehen
Masterarbeit

description: Lesen ist der Schlüssel zur verbesserten Lebensqualität. Lesen ist eine Kompetenz, welche einem das Leben vereinfacht. Pläne, Bücher, Briefe, E-Mails, Aufträge, Internetseiten, Abstimmungen, Wahlen... überall liest man und somit ist das Lesen überall und es verbindet Menschen. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Lesen in einer sechsten Klasse aus Forns1. Untersucht wird der Teilbereich Leseflüssigkeit, welcher die Voraussetzung für erfolgreiches Lesen und Textverstehen darstellt. Kann das Textverstehen verbessert werden, indem man die Leseflüssigkeit trainiert? Nach der theoretischen Aufarbeitung des Themas stehen verschiedene Aktivitäten wie Lautlesemethoden, Leseförderungsprogramm mittels Antolin, Besuch einer Theaterpädagogin und des Kinderbuchautors Carlo Meier sowie eine Hörbuchproduktion im Mittelpunkt. Die Resultate des Leseprojekts zeigen klar, dass sich die Lesegeschwindigkeit sowie das Textverstehen beim Grossteil der Klasse verbessert hat.
MERTK Inhibition Induces Polyploidy and Promotes Cell Death and Cellular Senescence in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Creators: name: Frye, Stephen V.
name: Rupji, Manali
name: Deryckere, Deborah
name: Keating, Amy K.
name: Graham, Douglas K.
name: Kowalski, Jeanne
name: Dwivedi, Bhakti
name: Earp, H. Shelton
name: Lee-Sherick, Alisa B.
name: Sufit, Alexandra
name: Pierce, Angela M.
name: Wang, Xiaodong
name: Varella-Garcia, Marileila
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: MER receptor tyrosine kinase (MERTK) is expressed in a variety of malignancies, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Our previous work demonstrated that inhibition of MERTK using RNA interference induced cell death and chemosensitivity in GBM cells, implicating MERTK as a potential therapeutic target. Here we investigate whether a novel MERTK-selective small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, UNC2025, has similar anti-tumor effects in GBM cell lines.
Bottosaurus perrugosus Cope 1875
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Crocodilia
Alligatoridae
Bottosaurus
Bottosaurus perrugosus

description: Bottosaurus perrugosus Cope. Bottosaurus perrugosus, Cope. 1875. Report U. S. Geol. Survey Terrs., vol. 11. Vertebrata of Cretaceous Formations of the West, p. 6 S, pl. vl, ﬁgs. 5-8. A left mandibular ramus, from which the posterior ends of the dentary and splenial bones and thc articular and coronoid elements are missing. The supra-angular shows, on its inner posterior surface, the facet for the articular bone, and also in its lower border the posterior end of the external mandibular foramen. The lower margin ofthe internal mandibular foramen is seen in the anterior half of the angular. The external surface of the dentary shows small, deep pits directed forward and inward, from each of which a shallow groove passes backward for a short distance; the pits are arranged in somewhat obscure longitudinal rows. The lower outer surface of the angular is rugose, from the presence of dcep grooves running in a longitudinal direction. This outer sculpture changes, in the supra-angular, into an irregular and bold network of ridges enclosing deep, sunken areae. Altogether the surface markings are as shown by Cope in his ﬁgures. There are sixteen sockets for teeth, the second, third and fourth of which, counting from the front, still rctain a hollow root. The symphysis is Well shown. The front end of the splenial enters into the formation of nearly one-fourth of the symphysis. A foramen passes through the splenial immediately behind the symphyseal surface. The species is still further represented, in the collections, by the occiput of another individual, obtained in 1901, and requiring further study. Numcrous vertebrae and bony sentes of Crocodilia have also been obtaincd, some of which will probably be found to belong to this species [table omitted] Belly River series, Red Deer river, 1897, 1898 and 1901.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Quantum measurements as a control resource
Creators: name: Pechen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the use of back-action of quantum measurements as a resource for controlling quantum systems and review its application to optimal approximation of quantum anti-Zeno effect.
Meta-Analysis of Effect Sizes Reported at Multiple Time Points Using General Linear Mixed Model
Creators: name: Chen, Ding-Geng
name: Mwambi, Henry G.
name: Manda, Samuel O.M.
name: Musekiwa, Alfred
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies combines effect sizes measured at pre-determined time points. The most common approach involves performing separate univariate meta-analyses at individual time points. This simplistic approach ignores dependence between longitudinal effect sizes, which might result in less precise parameter estimates. In this paper, we show how to conduct a meta-analysis of longitudinal effect sizes where we contrast different covariance structures for dependence between effect sizes, both within and between studies. We propose new combinations of covariance structures for the dependence between effect size and utilize a practical example involving meta-analysis of 17 trials comparing postoperative treatments for a type of cancer, where survival is measured at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post randomization. Although the results from this particular data set show the benefit of accounting for within-study serial correlation between effect sizes, simulations are required to confirm these results.
Continuous dynamical decoupling of optical $^{171}$Yb$^{+}$ qudits with radiofrequency fields
Creators: name: Zalivako, Ilia V.
name: Borisenko, Alexander S.
name: Semerikov, Ilya A.
name: Korolkov, Andrey
name: Sidorov, Pavel L.
name: Galstyan, Kristina
name: Semenin, Nikita V.
name: Smirnov, Vasiliy
name: Aksenov, Mikhail A.
name: Fedorov, Aleksey K.
name: Khabarova, Ksenia Yu.
name: Kolachevsky, Nikolay N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of multilevel quantum information carriers, also known as qudits, attracts a significant deal of interest as a way for further scalability of quantum computing devices. However, a nontrivial task is to experimentally achieve a gain in the efficiency of realizing quantum algorithms with qudits since higher qudit levels typically have relatively short coherence times compared to qubit states. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate two approaches for the realization of continuous dynamical decoupling of magnetic-sensitive states with $m_F=\pm1$ for qudits encoded in optical transition of trapped $^{171}$Yb$^{+}$ ions. We achieve improvement in qudit levels coherence time by the order of magnitude (more than 9 ms) without any magnetic shielding, which reveals the potential advantage of the symmetry of the $^{171}$Yb$^{+}$ ion energy structure for counteracting the magnetic field noise. Our results are a step towards the realization of qudit-based algorithms using trapped ions.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Designing for Caregiving: Integrating Robotic Assistance in Senior Living Communities
Creators: name: Stegner, Laura
name: Mutlu, Bilge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots hold significant promise to assist with providing care to an aging population and to help overcome increasing caregiver demands. Although a large body of research has explored robotic assistance for individuals with disabilities and age-related challenges, this past work focuses primarily on building robotic capabilities for assistance and has not yet fully considered how these capabilities could be used by professional caregivers. To better understand the workflows and practices of caregivers who support aging populations and to determine how robotic assistance can be integrated into their work, we conducted a field study using ethnographic and co-design methods in a senior living community. From our results, we created a set of design opportunities for robotic assistance, which we organized into three different parts: supporting caregiver workflows, adapting to resident abilities, and providing feedback to all stakeholders of the interaction.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Evaluation Evaluation a Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Powers, David M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decade there has been increasing concern about the biases embodied in traditional evaluation methods for Natural Language Processing/Learning, particularly methods borrowed from Information Retrieval. Without knowledge of the Bias and Prevalence of the contingency being tested, or equivalently the expectation due to chance, the simple conditional probabilities Recall, Precision and Accuracy are not meaningful as evaluation measures, either individually or in combinations such as F-factor. The existence of bias in NLP measures leads to the 'improvement' of systems by increasing their bias, such as the practice of improving tagging and parsing scores by using most common value (e.g. water is always a Noun) rather than the attempting to discover the correct one. The measures Cohen Kappa and Powers Informedness are discussed as unbiased alternative to Recall and related to the psychologically significant measure DeltaP. In this paper we will analyze both biased and unbiased measures theoretically, characterizing the precise relationship between all these measures as well as evaluating the evaluation measures themselves empirically using a Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 5 pages, 14 Equations, 2 Figures, 1 Table, as submitted to European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (shorter version published with 2 pages, 4 Equations, 0 Figures, 1 Table)
Deinodon horridus Leidy 1856
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Tyrannosauridae
Deinodon
Deinodon horridus

description: Deinodon horridus, Leidy Deinodon horridus, Leidy. 1856. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel, vol. viii, p. 72. “ “ Leidy. 1860. Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Extinct Vertebrata from the Judith River and Great Lignite formations of Nebraska, p. 143, pl. 9. A number of megalosauroid teeth, the largest of which measures 90 mm. on its convex curve, are referred to this species. The general shape of the teeth and the serrations agree closely with some of Leidy’s ﬁgured types, viz., those shown in ﬁgures 21 to 32 of plate 9 of the above quoted work. A few phalanges (including terminal ones) and a metatarsal with fragments of others, are probably also referable to this species. Belly River series, Red Deer river, 1897, 1898, 1901. That Leidy was correct, in supposing that the teeth to which he gave the name Deinodon, belonged to a single animal, is most probable, in view of our present knowledge of the teeth of carnivorous dinosaurs. The teeth of Deinodon were evidently slightly heterodont, those used, at a later date, for the foundation of the genus Aublysodon being probably the anterior teeth of Deínodon. Dr. OP. Hay has recently pointed out (American Geologist, 1899, vol. xxiv, p. 346) that the name Deinodon, as originally spelt, is not ‘preoccupied. This name, as a generic term is here retained and the name Aublysodon is regarded as a nomen nudum.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Analytical Assessments in Support of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 3-Bat Species Status Assessment
Creators: name: Reichard, Jonathan D.
name: Straw, Bethan R.
name: Reichert, Brian E.
name: Martin, Jaclyn A.
Publisher: name: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year: 2022
Subjects: Little brown bat, tri-colored bat, northern long-eared bat, Population monitoring, status and trend, Status assessment

description: Beginning in February of 2020, researchers and staff of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Bat Conservation International (BCI), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and Montana State University associated with the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) collaborated with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to provide technical assistance in support of the USFWS Three Bat Species Status Assessments (SSA) including the little brown bat (MYLU, Myotis lucifugus), northern long-eared bat (MYSE, Myotis septentrionalis), and tricolored bat (PESU, Perimyotis subflavus). Analytical support for the SSA was not intended to provide interpretive results, which should therefore be considered beyond the scope of this report. Technical assistance for the SSA included facilitating the USFWS data call by educating and working directly with data contributors to manage, submit, and archive a variety of bat monitoring data in the online NABat database1 using standardized data submission templates accessible through the upload features on the NABat website. Most data collected through the USFWS data call for the SSA were submitted and stored in the NABat database. These represent the efforts of hundreds of partnering organizations across more than 200 individual NABat Partner Portal Projects. A few organizations contributed data for use in these analyses that were not submitted to the NABat database. Records submitted in response to the USFWS data call included bat capture, stationary and mobile acoustic, and internal roost count data (winter and summer). Data collated in the NABat database and used for the analyses described herein are documented (NABat 2020a, NABat 2020b, NABat 2021) and available through the NABat third party request feature.