cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Is Investment in Rice Research in Nepal Adequate and Balanced Across Production Environments? Some Empirical Evidence
Creators: name: Gauchan, Devendra
name: Pandey, Sushil
name: Gauchan, Devendra
name: Pandey, Sushil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Production Economics
subject: congruence analysis
subject: public investment
subject: resource allocation
subject: rice research

description: This study analyzes the patterns of public resource allocation in rice research in Nepal. The resource allocation for rice research was approximated based on the full-time equivalent (FTE) of researcher time spent on rice research. A simple congruence model modified by expected rate of research progress and equity criteria was used to investigate the gap between the actual and normative investment patterns across different types of rice production environments. The results show a substantial underinvestment in rice research in general but more so in rainfed areas and in the Terai agroecological zone. The use of modifiers amplified the extent of underinvestment in rainfed environments. The options for addressing these imbalances and the overall implications for resource allocation for rice research in Nepal are discussed.
Septicollarina Zezina 1981
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Aulacothyropsidae
Septicollarina

description: Genus Septicollarina Zezina, 1981
TYPE SPECIES. — Septicollarina hemiechinata Zezina, 1981 by original designation (Zezina 1981: 16).
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra, 2008, New data on the recent brachiopods from the Fiji and Wallis and Futuna islands, South-West Pacific, pp. 419-461 in Zoosystema 30 (2) on page 437, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392933
Determinants of Agricultural Technology Adoption: The Case of Improved Pigeonpea Varieties in Tanzania
Creators: name: Simtowe, Franklin
name: Kassie, Menale
name: Diagne, Aliou
name: Asfaw, Solomon
name: Shiferaw, Bekele
name: Silim, Said
name: Muange, Elijah
name: Simtowe, Franklin
name: Kassie, Menale
name: Diagne, Aliou
name: Asfaw, Solomon
name: Shiferaw, Bekele
name: Silim, Said
name: Muange, Elijah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: pigeonpea
subject: adoption
subject: average treatment effect
subject: Tanzania

description: If dryland legumes are to meet the expectations of reducing poverty and hunger in the semi-arid tropics, there will be need for a full understanding of their potential for diffusion and the barriers to adoption. We apply a program evaluation technique to data obtained from Tanzania to derive estimates of the actual and potential adoption rates of improved pigeonpea varieties and their determinants. The study reveals that only 33% of the sampled farmers were aware of the improved pigeonpea varieties which consequently restricted the sample adoption rate of improved varieties to only 19%. The potential adoption rate of improved pigeonpea if all farmers had been exposed to improved varieties is estimated at 62% and the adoption gap resulting from the incomplete exposure of the population to the improved pigeonpea is 43%. We further find that the awareness of improved varieties is mainly influenced by attendance of Participatory Variety Selection activities. The adoption of improved varieties is more pronounced among farmers with smaller landholdings suggesting that farmers facing land pressure intensify pigeonpea production through the adoption of improved high yielding varieties. The findings are indicative of the relatively large demand for improved pigeonpea varieties suggesting that there is scope for increasing their adoption rate in Tanzania once the farmers are made aware of the existence of the technologies.
Light-Matter Quantum Interface
Creators: name: Hammerer, K.
name: Molmer, K.
name: Polzik, E. S.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum interface which applies multiple passes of a pulse of light through an atomic sample with phase/polarization rotations in between the passes. Our proposal does not require nonclassical light input or measurements on the system, and it predicts rapidly growing unconditional entanglement of light and atoms from just coherent inputs. The proposed interface makes it possible to achieve a number of tasks within quantum information processing including teleportation between light and atoms, quantum memory for light and squeezing of atomic and light variables.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Rural Employment and Income Effects of a Jatropha Plantation in Madagascar
Creators: name: Grass, Martin
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Grass, Martin
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Madagascar
subject: impact assessment
subject: poverty
subject: Jatropha plantation

description: This paper assesses the potential impact of wage work generated by a Jatropha plantation on household income and poverty alleviation using socio-economic characteristics of rural Malagasy households. We analyse data from 336 randomly selected households from three villages in the vicinity of a Jatropha plantation in central Madagascar. To overcome the problem of selection bias we apply a propensity score matching method to assess the effect of offering labour to the Jatropha plantation on household income. The findings show that households working for the Jatropha plantation have on average higher incomes per person compared to control group households. These differences are more distinct among poor households.
Alfvenic reacceleration of relativistic particles in galaxy clusters: MHD waves, leptons and hadrons
Creators: name: Brunetti, Gianfranco
name: Blasi, Pasquale
name: Cassano, Rossella
name: Gabici, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a growing evidence that extended radio halos are most likely generated by electrons reaccelerated via some kind of turbulence generated in the cluster volume during major mergers. It is well known that Alfvén waves channel most of their energy flux in the acceleration of relativistic particles. Much work has been done recently to study this phenomenon and its consequences for the explanation of the observed non-thermal phenomena in clusters of galaxies. We investigate here the problem of particle-wave interactions in the most general situation in which relativistic electrons, thermal protons and relativistic protons exist within the cluster volume. The interaction of all these components with the waves, as well as the turbulent cascading and damping processes of Alfvén waves, are treated in a fully time-dependent way. This allows us to calculate the spectra of electrons, protons and waves at any fixed time. The {\it Lighthill} mechanism is invoked to couple the fluid turbulence, supposedly injected during cluster mergers, to MHD turbulence. We find that present observations of non-thermal radiation from clusters of galaxies are well described within this approach, provided the fraction of relativistic hadrons in the intracluster medium (ICM) is smaller than 5-10 %.
description: including comments of the referee, 23 pages, 21 figures, Latex, MNRAS in press
Vietnamorpha spiralis Golovatch 1984
Creators: name: Nguyen, Anh D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Polydesmida
Paradoxosomatidae
Vietnamorpha
Vietnamorpha spiralis

description: Vietnamorpha spiralis Golovatch, 1984
(Figures 1–2)
 Vietnamorpha spiralis Golovatch, 1984: 55–56, figs 1–3; Golovatch, 1983: 182; Enghoff et al., 2004: 41
 Material examined
 1 male (IEBR-472) Phu Tho Prov., Xuan Son National Park, outside of Lun cave, 27 March 2011, pitfall trapping, leg. Luong and An; 2 males (IEBR-240) Hoa Binh Prov., Thuong Tien Natural Reserve, bamboo forest, 250 m, 4–8 August 2005, leg. Anh D. Nguyen; 5 males, 1 female (IEBR-Myr 567) Ninh Binh Prov., Cuc Phuong NP, Bong station, forest, 21 September 2016, leg. Anh D. Nguyen; 1 male (IEBR-Myr 570) Hanoi, Ba Vi National Park, forest, 400 m, 20 September 2016, leg. Anh D. Nguyen.
 Diagnosis
The species is distinguished by the gonopod femorite being slightly bent dorsally; solenomere long, serrated, not completely sheathed by solenophore; both solenophore and solenomere twisting around the femorite.
 Records from Vietnam
Ninh Binh Prov. (Cuc Phuong NP) (Golovatch 1984); Phu Tho Prov. (Xuan Son NP); Hoa Binh Prov. (Thuong Tien NR); Hanoi (Ba Vi NP).
 Distribution
Only known from Vietnam.
 Remarks
The species seems to be widely distributed in northern Vietnam.
description: Published as part of Nguyen, Anh D., 2017, A second species of the genus Vietnamorpha Golovatch, 1984 (Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) and notes on the generic relationship, pp. 2331-2343 in Journal of Natural History 51 (39 - 40) on pages 2334-2335, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1355491, http://zenodo.org/record/5183671
Shallow water equations in Lagrangian coordinates: symmetries, conservation laws and its preservation in difference models
Creators: name: Dorodnitsyn, V. A.
name: Kaptsov, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-dimensional shallow water equations in Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates are considered. It is shown the relationship between symmetries and conservation laws in Lagrangian (potential) coordinates and symmetries and conservation laws in mass Lagrangian variables. For equations in Lagrangian coordinates with a flat bottom an invariant difference scheme is constructed which possesses all the difference analogues of the conservation laws: mass, momentum, energy, the law of center of mass motion. Some exact invariant solutions are constructed for the invariant scheme, while the scheme admits reduction on subgroups as well as the original system of equations. For an arbitrary shape of bottom it is possible to construct an invariant scheme with conservation of mass and momentum or energy. Invariant conservative difference scheme for the case of a flat bottom tested numerically in comparison with other known schemes.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Argyrotheca Dall 1900
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Megathyrididae
Argyrotheca

description: Genus Argyrotheca Dall, 1900
TYPE SPECIES. — Terebratula cuneata Risso, 1826, by original designation (Dall 1900: 44).
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra, 2008, New data on the recent brachiopods from the Fiji and Wallis and Futuna islands, South-West Pacific, pp. 419-461 in Zoosystema 30 (2) on page 439, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392933
J/psi c\bar{c} production in e+e- and hadronic interactions
Creators: name: Kaidalov, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predictions of the nonperturbative Quark Gluon Strings model based on the 1/N-expansion in QCD and string picture of interactions for production of states containing heavy quarks are considered. Relations between fragmentation functions for different states are used to predict the fragmentation function of c-quark to J/psi-mesons. The resulting cross section for J/psi-production in e+e- annihilation is in a good agreement with recent Belle result. It is argued that associated production of c\bar{c} states with open charm should give a substantial contribution to production of these states in hadronic interactions at very high energies.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Reviewing the problem of the U(1) axial symmetry and the chiral transition in QCD
Creators: name: Marchi, M.
name: Meggiolaro, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of the U(1) axial symmetry for the phase structure of QCD at finite temperature. We expect that, above a certain critical temperature, also the U(1) axial symmetry will be (effectively) restored. We will try to see if this transition has (or has not) anything to do with the usual chiral transition: various possible scenarios are discussed. In particular, supported by recent lattice results, we analyse a scenario in which a U(1)-breaking condensate survives across the chiral transition. This scenario can be consistently reproduced using an effective Lagrangian model. The effects of the U(1) chiral condensate on the slope of the topological susceptibility in the full theory with quarks are studied: we find that this quantity (in the chiral limit of zero quark masses) acts as an order parameter for the U(1) axial symmetry above the chiral transition. Further information on the new U(1) chiral order parameter is derived from the study (at zero temperature) of the radiative decays of the pseudoscalar mesons in two photons: a comparison of our results with the experimental data is performed.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX file. Completely revised version including new references and new comments on the results
Additional file 3 of Reduced and highly diverse peripheral HIV-1 reservoir in virally suppressed patients infected with non-B HIV-1 strains in Uganda
Creators: name: Joussef-Piña, Samira
name: Nankya, Immaculate
name: Nalukwago, Sophie
name: Baseke, Joy
name: Rwambuya, Sandra
name: Winner, Dane
name: Kyeyune, Fred
name: Chervenak, Keith
name: Thiel, Bonnie
name: Asaad, Robert
name: Dobrowolski, Curtis
name: Luttge, Benjamin
name: Lawley, Blair
name: Kityo, Cissy M.
name: Boom, W. Henry
name: Karn, Jonathan
name: Quiñones-Mateu, Miguel E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Sensitivity of EDITS primers. A Nested PCR primers nF6026 and nR6773 were evaluated using a serial dilution of DNA from the HIV-1 molecular clone pNL4-3 (0% to 100%) in a background of DNA from the non-HIV plasmid pUC19, at a final concentration of 0.1 ng/ml. DNA mixtures were amplified using Standard and Real-time PCR. Amplicons from the standard PCR were also deep sequenced and vpu/env mapped reads quantified using the DEEPGEN™ Software Tool Suite. Mean mapped reads and standard deviation are depicted. B ACH-2, a cell line latently infected with a copy of HIV-1 per cell, and MT-4, an HIV-negative human T cell line, were quantified and serial dilutions used to prepare seven mixtures containing 0 to 1000 CH-2 cells in a background of one million MT-4cells. Cell mixtures were ctivated with 100 μg/ml of Concanavalin A and cell-associated spliced HIV-1 RNA quantified using EDITS as described in “Methods” section. Mean mapped reads and standard deviation are depicted.
Floquet topological insulator laser
Creators: name: Ivanov, Sergey K.
name: Zhang, Yiqi
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Skryabin, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a class of topological lasers based on the photonic Floquet topological insulator concept. The proposed system is realized as a truncated array of the lasing helical waveguides, where the pseudo-magnetic field arises due to twisting of the waveguides along the propagation direction that breaks the time-reversal symmetry and opens up a topological gap. When sufficient gain is provided in the edge channels of the array then the system lases into the topological edge states. Topological lasing is stable only in certain intervals of the Bloch momenta, that ensure a dynamic, but stable balance between the linear amplification and nonlinear absorption leading to the formation of the breathing edge states. We also illustrate topological robustness of the edge currents by simulating lattice defects and triangular arrangements of the waveguides.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Albania’s Customary Rules in Natural Resource Management in the Light of Devolution Policies
Creators: name: Rama, Klodjan
name: Theesfeld, Insa
name: Rama, Klodjan
name: Theesfeld, Insa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Albania
subject: devolution
subject: Kanun
subject: forestry
subject: fishery

description: The management of natural resources is a challenging task owing to the complexity of the resources and the benefits they provide. Nowadays there is trend to transfer some management power to local communities driven by equality and sustainability assumptions. We studied two cases of local management – forests and fisheries – in Albania, which resulted in contrasting outcomes. In the forestry case, the local community manages its resource in a sustainable way based on its customary rules supporting equal shares to members and encouraging participation in decision making procedures for common issues. In contrast, the fishery case represents an example of overexploitation and information asymmetries, where powerful actors benefit over others. We argue that disregarding the local context when implementing new sets of rules can both exacerbate the unsustainable use of natural resources and have an impact on the social power structures.
Additional file 1 of JMJD6 functions as an oncogene and is associated with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Liu, Honggang
name: Jiang, Menglong
name: Ma, Fenghui
name: Qin, Jiapei
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Xu, Liqun
name: Yan, Xiaolong
name: Jiang, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Self-Templating Assembly of Soft Microparticles into Complex Tessellations
Creators: name: Grillo, Fabio
name: Fernandez-Rodriguez, Miguel-Angel
name: Antonopoulou, Maria-Nefeli
name: Gerber, Dominic
name: Isa, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-assembled monolayers of microparticles encoding Archimedean and non-regular tessellations promise unprecedented structure-property relationships for a wide spectrum of applications in fields ranging from optoelectronics to surface technology. Yet, despite numerous computational studies predicting the emergence of exotic structures from simple interparticle interactions, the experimental realization of non-hexagonal patterns remains challenging. Not only kinetic limitations often hinder structural relaxation, but also programming the inteparticle interactions during assembly, and hence the target structure, remains an elusive task. Here, we demonstrate how a single type of soft polymeric microparticle (microgels) can be assembled into a wide array of complex structures as a result of simple pairwise interactions. We first let microgels self-assemble at a water-oil interface into a hexagonally packed monolayer, which we then compress to varying degrees and deposit onto a solid substrate. By repeating this process twice, we find that the resultant structure is not the mere stacking of two hexagonal patterns. The first monolayer retains its hexagonal structure and acts as a template into which the particles of the second monolayer rearrange to occupy interstitial positions. The frustration between the two lattices generates new symmetries. By simply varying the packing fraction of the two monolayers, we obtain not only low-coordination structures such as rectangular and honeycomb lattices, but also rhomboidal, hexagonal, and herringbone superlattices which display non-regular tessellations. Molecular dynamics simulations show that these structures are thermodynamically stable and develop from short-ranged repulsive interactions, making them easy to predict, and thus opening new avenues to the rational design of complex patterns.
Additional file 1 of Preferential regulation of miRNA targets by environmental chemicals in the human genome
Creators: name: Xudong Wu
name: Yijiang Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:Table S1: The 42,770 regulatory relationships among 1938 chemicals and 9,692 human protein-coding genes. (PDF 6 MB)
Modeling Deformed Transmission Lines for Continuous Strain Sensing Applications
Creators: name: Strub, Stefan H.
name: Böttcher, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transmission lines are essential components in various signal and power distribution systems. In addition to their main use as connecting elements, transmission lines can also be employed as continuous sensors for the measurement and detection of external influences such as mechanical strains and deformations. The measuring principle is based on deformation-induced changes of the characteristic impedance. Reflections of an injected test signal at resulting impedance mismatches can be used to infer applied deformations. To determine the effect of deformations on the characteristic impedance, we develop a numerical framework that allows us to solve Maxwell's equations for any desired transmission-line geometry over a wide frequency range. The proposed framework utilizes a staggered finite-difference Yee method on non-uniform grids to efficiently solve a set of decoupled partial differential equations that we derive from the frequency domain Maxwell equations. To test our framework, we compare simulation results with analytical predictions and corresponding experimental data. Our results suggest that the proposed numerical framework is able to capture experimentally observed deformation effects and may therefore be used in transmission-line-based deformation and strain sensing applications. Furthermore, our framework can also be utilized to simulate and study the electromagnetic properties of complex arrangements of conductor, insulator, and shielding materials.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Adapting the CACAO model to support higher education STEM teaching reform
Creators: name: Viskupic, Karen
name: Earl, Brittnee
name: Shadle, Susan E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Code descriptions and example quotations from responses to the question asking faculty to describe any changes in their department’s teaching culture of practices.
Smooth perfectness through decomposition of diffeomorphisms into fiber preserving ones
Creators: name: Haller, Stefan
name: Teichmann, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58D05

description: We show that on a closed smooth manifold $M$ equipped with $k$ fiber bundle structures whose vertical distributions span the tangent bundle, every smooth diffeomorphism $f$ of $M$ sufficiently close to the identity can be written as a product $f=f_1... f_k$, where $f_i$ preserves the $i^{\text{th}}$-fiber. The factors $f_i$ can be chosen smoothly in $f$. We apply this result to show that on a certain class of closed smooth manifolds every diffeomorphism sufficiently close to the identity can be written as product of commutators and the factors can be chosen smoothly. Furthermore we get concrete estimates on how many commutators are necessary.
Competition in the gum arabic market: a game theoretic modelling approach
Creators: name: Rahim, Afaf H.
name: Ierland, Ekko C. Van
name: Weikard, Hans-Peter
name: Rahim, Afaf H.
name: Ierland, Ekko C. Van
name: Weikard, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Sub-Sahara
subject: gum arabic
subject: oligopoly
subject: interdependent markets
subject: Stackelberg equilibrium

description: Gum arabic is mainly produced from two Acacias that are found in the gum belt of Sub-Saharan Africa. These are Acacia senegal that produces high quality gum and Acacia seyal that produces low quality gum. In recent years the gum market structure has changed and Sudan lost its near monopoly position as Chad and Nigeria became important gum suppliers. In order to understand the competition between Sudan, Chad and Nigeria in the export of high and low quality gum arabic we develop a von Stackelberg model with interdependent markets. Whereas Sudan (the leader) has an absolute cost advantage in the export of high quality gum, Chad and Nigeria (the followers) have a cost advantage in the export of low quality gum. We determine the market equilibrium outcomes and study the impact of development assistance scenarios to promote either the high or low quality gum. Our results suggest that the leader is better off promoting the quality for which it has cost advantage, i.e. the high quality gum. This also leads to a lower reduction in the competitors’ profit than promoting low quality gum. Similarly, when followers promote the quality for which they have cost advantage, i.e. the low quality gum, this results in a lower reduction in the leader's profit than when they promote high quality gum. The best strategy of the followers is, however, sensitive with respect to the elasticities of demand.
Lossless Size Reduction for Integer Least Squares with Application to Sphere Decoding
Creators: name: Neinavaie, Mohammad
name: Derakhtian, Mostafa
name: Vorobyov, Sergiy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Minimum achievable complexity (MAC) for a maximum likelihood (ML) performance-achieving detection algorithm is derived. Using the derived MAC, we prove that the conventional sphere decoding (SD) algorithms suffer from an inherent weakness at low SNRs. To find a solution for the low SNR deficiency, we analyze the effect of zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) detected symbols on the MAC and demonstrate that although they both improve the SD algorithm in terms of the computational complexity, the MMSE point has a vital difference at low SNRs. By exploiting the information provided by the MMSE method, we prove the existence of a lossless size reduction which can be interpreted as the feasibility of a detection method which is capable of detecting the ML symbol without visiting any nodes at low and high SNRs. We also propose a lossless size reduction-aided detection method which achieves the promised complexity bounds marginally and reduces the overall computational complexity significantly, while obtaining the ML performance. The theoretical analysis is corroborated with numerical simulations.
description: 13 double column pages, 8 figures, submitted to IEEE Trans. Signal Processing in November 2019
Neutron Flux at the Gran Sasso Underground LaboratoryRevisited
Creators: name: Wulandari, H.
name: Jochum, J.
name: Rau, W.
name: von Feilitzsch, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron flux induced by radioactivity at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory is revisited. We have performed calculations and Monte Carlo simulations; the results offer an independent check to the available experimental data reported by different authors, which vary rather widely. This study gives detailed information on the expected spectrum and on the variability of the neutron flux due to possible variations of the water content of the environment.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, systematic uncertainties added
Leptothyrella Muir-Wood 1965
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Lingulata
Lingulida
Lingulidae
Leptothyrella

description: Genus Leptothyrella Muir-Wood, 1965
TYPE SPECIES. — Leptothyris ignota Muir-Wood, 1959 by original designation (Muir-Wood 1959: 308).
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra, 2008, New data on the recent brachiopods from the Fiji and Wallis and Futuna islands, South-West Pacific, pp. 419-461 in Zoosystema 30 (2) on page 442, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392933
Determinants of adoption and intensity of use of balance nutrient management systems technologies in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria
Creators: name: Akinola, Adebayo A.
name: Alene, Arega D.
name: Adeyemo, Remi
name: Sanogo, D.
name: Olanrewaju, A.S.
name: Nwoke, C.
name: Nziguheba, G.
name: Akinola, Adebayo A.
name: Alene, Arega D.
name: Adeyemo, Remi
name: Sanogo, D.
name: Olanrewaju, A.S.
name: Nwoke, C.
name: Nziguheba, G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: adoption
subject: BNMS-manure
subject: BNMS-rotation
subject: northern Guinea savanna
subject: tobit

description: As part of a major effort to address soil fertility decline in West Africa, an integrated soil fertility management project promoted two technology packages: a combined application of inorganic fertilizer and manure (BNMS-manure) and a soybean/maize rotation practice (BNMS-rotation) in the northern Guinea savanna (NGS) of Nigeria. This study used a tobit regression model to examine factors that influence the adoption and intensity of use of the technologies. Empirical results showed that within five years of introduction, the adoption of BNMS-rotation had reached 40% while that of BNMS-manure had reached 48%. In terms of land area, BNMS-manure occupied 35% and BNMS-rotation covered 12% of the total maize land in the zone. Factors such as access to credit, farmers’ perception of the state of land degradation, and assets ownership were the significant determinant factors of BNMS-manure, whereas offfarm income was found to be significant in determining farmers’ adoption decisions on BNMS-rotation.
title: 01_1358
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Understanding the motivation of farmers in financing agricultural research and extension in Benin
Creators: name: Moumouni, Ismail M.
name: Streiffeler, Friedhelm
name: Moumouni, Ismail M.
name: Streiffeler, Friedhelm
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agricultural research and extension
subject: farmer financial participation
subject: motivation
subject: Benin

description: Farmers are increasingly asked to pay for agricultural research and extension (ARE) services in many developing countries. Although, farmers participate diversely in funding these services, their motivation is rarely sustainable. This paper addresses the question whether this financial participation is the reflection of the development of a sense of appropriation of services or rather an adaptation strategy of farmers who may have been coerced to share the costs of services. We conducted a qualitative inductive analysis based on three case studies in Benin to develop a framework for understanding farmers’ motivation to finance ARE. The analyses show that farmers’ subjective interpretations of service organizations triggered and guided the motivation to finance ARE. Motivation processes could turn to diversion processes or congruence processes. Conversely to diversion processes, motivation congruence processes ensured a sustainable farmer financial participation. These findings could be useful for designing or analysing ARE funding systems, especially with respect to their effectiveness and sustainability.
MOESM1 of Human gene expression variability and its dependence on methylation and aging
Creators: name: Bashkeel, Nasser
name: Perkins, Theodore
name: KÃ¦Rn, Mads
name: Lee, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Structural analysis of genes as a function of EV
Excited heavy quarkonium production in Higgs boson decays
Creators: name: Liao, Qi-Li
name: Jiang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare decay channels of Higgs boson to heavy quarkonium offer vital opportunities to explore the coupling of Higgs to heavy quarks. We study the semi-exclusive decay channels of Higgs boson to heavy quarkonia, i.e., $H^0\to |(Q\bar{Q^{\prime}})[n]\rangle+\bar{Q}Q^{\prime}$ ($Q^{(\prime)}=c~\text{or}~b$ quark) within the NRQCD framework. In addition to the lower-level Fock states $|(Q\bar{Q'})[1S]\rangle$ continent, contributions of high excited states $|(Q\bar{Q'})[2S]\rangle$, $|(Q\bar{Q'})[3S]\rangle$, $|(Q\bar{Q'})[4S]\rangle$, $|(Q\bar{Q'})[1P]\rangle$, $|(Q\bar{Q'})[2P]\rangle$, $|(Q\bar{Q'})[3P]\rangle$ and $|(Q\bar{Q'})[4P]\rangle$ are also studied. According to our study, the contributions of high excited Fock states should be considered seriously. Differential distributions of total decay width with respect to invariant-mass and angles, as well as uncertainties caused by non-perturbative hadronic non-perturbative matrix elements are discussed. If all excited heavy quarkonium states decay to the ground spin-singlet state through electromagnetic or hadronic interactions, we obtain the decay widths for $|(Q\bar{Q'})\rangle$ quarkonium production through $H^0$ semi-exclusive decays: $25.10^{+11.6\%}_{-51.6\%}$ keV for $|(b\bar{c})[n]\rangle$ meson, $3.23^{+0\%}_{-62.2\%}$ keV for $|(c\bar{c})[n]\rangle$ and $2.36^{+0\%}_{-57.1\%}$ keV for $|(b\bar{b})[n]\rangle$, where uncertainties are caused by adopting different non-perturbative potential models. At future high energy LHC ($\sqrt{s}=27$ TeV), numerical results show that sizable amounts of events for those high excited states can be produced, which implies that one could also consider exploring the coupling properties of Higgs to heavy quarks in these high excited states channels, especially for the charmonium and bottomonium.
description: 9 pages, 25 figures. References are added, to be published in PRD
Constraining top squark in R-parity violating SUSY model using existing Tevatron data
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Subhendu
name: Guchait, Monoranjan
name: Mondal, N. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Signal of lighter top squark has been looked for using Tevatron data in the di-electron plus di-jet channel. We find that the mass of the lighter top squark when it decays dominantly in the electron plus jet channel, can be ruled out up to 220 GeV at 95% C.L. using di-electron data. In the framework of R-parity breaking SUSY model we exclude relevant R-parity violating couplings for a range of top squark masses and other SUSY parameters. The bounds on R-parity violating couplings are very stringent for the parameter space where lighter top squark turns out to be the next to lightest supersymmetric particle.
description: 12 pages, 4 Figures, LateX, minor changes, few references added, version to appear in Physical Rev. D
MOESM4 of Temperature-dependent regulation of upstream open reading frame translation in S. cerevisiae
Creators: name: Shardul Kulkarni
name: Fujun Zhou
name: Sen, Neelam
name: Hongen Zhang
name: Hinnebusch, Alan
name: Lorsch, Jon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4. Supplementary Methods [68].
Additional file 2 of Adapting the CACAO model to support higher education STEM teaching reform
Creators: name: Viskupic, Karen
name: Earl, Brittnee
name: Shadle, Susan E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Code descriptions and example quotations from responses to the question asking faculty to list 2-3 changes they made to improve teaching and learning in their target course.
Different rangeland management systems to reduce livestock feeding costs in arid and semi-arid areas in Jordan
Creators: name: Al-Karablieh, Emad K.
name: Jabarin, Amer S.
name: Al-Karablieh, Emad K.
name: Jabarin, Amer S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: rangeland
subject: collective actions
subject: grazing management
subject: hand feeding cost

description: The increasing livestock population combined with feed shortage leads to continuous pressure on the marginal land demanding it to produce feed, and consequently it leads to a significant rangeland degradation and desertification. The objective of this research is to evaluate different institutional arrangements for rangeland management in relation to the cost of hand feeding. Descriptive statistics and cost functions were used to estimate the differences in the total feed cost under different management practices. There are four rangeland management systems practiced in the arid and semi-arid areas in Jordan. These are the traditional tribal systems, cooperative management, governmental reserves and private rangeland. The rangeland cooperatives proved to have lower feeding costs and sustainable use of resources compared to open access and governmental reserves. The collective management of rangeland disallows the rangeland user to behave in an opportunistic way. The results show that the herders integrating crop and livestock had a lower probability to graze in the governmental reserves and they relied more on their own feed resources. The fencing and other overhead costs of governmental reserves could be saved and directed towards building a new institutional form of rangeland management based on the participation of the local community in order to achieve sustainable rangeland resources.
Additional file 2 of Preferential regulation of miRNA targets by environmental chemicals in the human genome
Creators: name: Xudong Wu
name: Yijiang Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2:Table S2: The list of miRNA targets predicted by PicTar, TargetScan5.1, both programs of PicTar and TargetScan5.1 (intersections), and by PITA. (PDF 1 MB)
Dallina Beecher 1893
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Dallinidae
Dallina

description: Genus Dallina Beecher, 1893
TYPE SPECIES. — Terebratula septigera Lovén, 1846 by original designation (Beecher 1893: 382).
Dallina triangularis Yabe & Hatai, 1934 (Fig. 16 B-G)
Dallina triangularis Yabe & Hatai, 1934b: 662, figs 31-35. — Hatai 1940: 320, pl. 7, figs 22-27.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Fiji. BORDAU 1, Lau Ridge, stn CP 1394, 1 young complete specimen. — Stn CP 1409, 2 complete specimens. — Stn CP 1458, 1 complete specimen.
DEPTH RANGE. — 260-1226 m.
MEASUREMENTS. — See Table 16.
REMARKS
The investigated specimens correspond in size and outline with those described as Dallina triangularis from off Japan (Hatai 1940). The shell is of medium size, thin, ventribiconvex, triangular in outline, widest at anterior part. The anterior commissure is broadly paraplicate. The beak is erect to suberect with a large, circular permesothyrid foramen. The symphytium is small. The ventral valve interior with small teeth without dental plates and very short pedicle collar. The inner and outer hinge plates are separated by distinct crural bases. The median septum is very long, high posteriorly and very low anteriorly. The loop is teloform, not attached to the septum, with long slender descending branches and broad ascending branches. The loops in the investigated specimens are so delicate that it has not been possible to remove the tissues without breaking the loop.
Dallina triangularis differs from other species occurring in the western Pacific, D. raphaelis (Dall, 1870), D. obessa Yabe & Hatai, 1934 and D. elongata Hatai, 1940, in being smaller, having triangular outline and thinner shell (Hatai 1940; Foster 1989). Dallina obessa is also more convex.
The Miocene species Dallina vitilevensis Ladd, 1934 from Fiji is smaller than the investigated specimens and is more elongate (Ladd 1934: pl. 24, figs 4-7). The systematic position of the Neogene specimens from Fiji assigned by Cooper (1978) to the genus Dallina is doubtful. Cooper (1978: pl. 1, fig. 26) observed well-developed dental plates which are absent, according to him, in larger specimens. Examination of early growth stages of the Dallina type species, D. septigera (Lovén, 1846), confirms the absence of dental plates through all the stages of development (see MacKinnon & Lee 2006b: 2242), thus the specimens with dental plates cannot be assigned to Dallina.
Dallina triangularis is very rare in the Fiji collection and this is the first record of Dallina from off the Fiji Islands.
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra, 2008, New data on the recent brachiopods from the Fiji and Wallis and Futuna islands, South-West Pacific, pp. 419-461 in Zoosystema 30 (2) on pages 444-446, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392933
Geometric reduction in optimal control theory with symmetries
Creators: name: Echeverría-Enríquez, A.
name: Marín-Solano, J.
name: Muñoz-Lecanda, M. C.
name: Román-Roy, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37J15, 49K15, 70G45, 70G65

description: A general study of symmetries in optimal control theory is given, starting from the presymplectic description of this kind of system. Then, Noether's theorem, as well as the corresponding reduction procedure (based on the application of the Marsden-Weinstein theorem adapted to the presymplectic case) are stated both in the regular and singular cases, which are previously described.
description: 24 pages. LaTeX file. The paper has been reorganized. Additional comments have been included in Section 3. The example in Section 5.2 has been revisited. Some references have been added
Parametrizations for tests of gravity
Creators: name: Lombriser, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the increasing wealth of high-quality astronomical and cosmological data and the manifold departures from General Relativity in principle conceivable, the development of generalized parametrization frameworks that unify gravitational models and cover a wide range of length scales and a variety of observational probes to enable systematic high-precision tests of gravity has been a stimulus for intensive research. A review is presented here for some of the formalisms devised for this purpose, covering the cosmological large- and small-scale structures, the astronomical static weak-field regime as well as emission and propagation effects for gravitational waves. This includes linear and nonlinear parametrized post-Friedmannian frameworks, effective field theory approaches, the parametrized post-Newtonian expansion, the parametrized post-Einsteinian formalism as well as an inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform model among others. Connections between the different formalisms are highlighted where they have been established and a brief outlook is provided for general steps towards a unified global framework for tests of gravity and dark sector models.
description: 37 pages; published as part of the IJMPD special issue "Modified Gravity: Progresses and Outlook of Theories, Numerical Techniques and Observational Tests" edited by Baojiu Li and Kazuya Koyama