cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An analytic network process approach for the evaluation of second order effects of agricultural landscape management on local economies
Creators: name: Targetti, Stefano
name: Schaller, Lena
name: Villanueva, A.
name: Arriaza Balmón, Manuel
name: Bal, Tufan
name: Bossi Fedrigotti, Valérie
name: Giray, Handan
name: Häfner, K.
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Kapfer, Martin
name: Majewski, Edward
name: Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata
name: Nikolov, Dimitre
name: Örmeci, C.
name: Paoli, Jean Christophe
name: Piorr, Annette
name: Raggi, M.
name: Rodríguez-Entrena, M.
name: Ungaro, Fabrizio
name: Verburg, Peter
name: Van Zanten, Boris
name: Zasada, Ingo
name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Targetti, Stefano
name: Schaller, Lena
name: Villanueva, A.
name: Arriaza Balmón, Manuel
name: Bal, Tufan
name: Bossi Fedrigotti, Valérie
name: Giray, Handan
name: Häfner, K.
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Kapfer, Martin
name: Majewski, Edward
name: Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata
name: Nikolov, Dimitre
name: Örmeci, C.
name: Paoli, Jean Christophe
name: Piorr, Annette
name: Raggi, M.
name: Rodríguez-Entrena, M.
name: Ungaro, Fabrizio
name: Verburg, Peter
name: Van Zanten, Boris
name: Zasada, Ingo
name: Viaggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: ecosystem services
subject: competitiveness
subject: multicriteria analysis
subject: local stakeholders

description: Agricultural landscape is a complex system composed by interrelated ecological, economic and social sub-systems. Disentangling interactions and mechanisms in such a context is, therefore, difficult and involves knowledge and methodologies developed in different scientific fields. In this paper we propose a multicriteria approach – namely the Analytic Network Process (ANP)- with three objectives. a) to present the application of the ANP method to the agricultural landscape topic in 8 EU case study areas; b) to underline strenghts and weaknesses of that method; c) to discuss evidences and possibilities for the improvement of the method. Main results highlighted the possibility to employ the ANP as a structured integrated tool able to cross-compare similarities and dissimilarities between different case studies characterized by different biophysical features and socio-economic conditions. Building upon the results, our analysis underlined that the ANP technique confirmed the existence of local differences between case studies (for instance between EU countries and Turkey). However, these differences were not so emphasized at this scale of analysis as evidenced by other studies. The ANP could serve as a new approach, able to provide a ”snapshot” of the system and the underneath cause-effect mechanisms.
A Natural-language-based Visual Query Approach of Uncertain Human Trajectories
Creators: name: Huang, Zhaosong
name: Zhao, Ye
name: Chen, Wei
name: Gao, Shengjie
name: Yu, Kejie
name: Xu, Weixia
name: Tang, Mingjie
name: Zhu, Minfeng
name: Xu, Mingliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual querying is essential for interactively exploring massive trajectory data. However, the data uncertainty imposes profound challenges to fulfill advanced analytics requirements. On the one hand, many underlying data does not contain accurate geographic coordinates, e.g., positions of a mobile phone only refer to the regions (i.e., mobile cell stations) in which it resides, instead of accurate GPS coordinates. On the other hand, domain experts and general users prefer a natural way, such as using a natural language sentence, to access and analyze massive movement data. In this paper, we propose a visual analytics approach that can extract spatial-temporal constraints from a textual sentence and support an effective query method over uncertain mobile trajectory data. It is built up on encoding massive, spatially uncertain trajectories by the semantic information of the POIs and regions covered by them, and then storing the trajectory documents in text database with an effective indexing scheme. The visual interface facilitates query condition specification, situation-aware visualization, and semantic exploration of large trajectory data. Usage scenarios on real-world human mobility datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
The Influence of diversification on short-term and long-term viability in the Scottish and Swedish agricultural sector
Creators: name: Barnes, Andrew Peter
name: Hansson, Helena
name: Manevska-Tasevska, Gordana
name: Shrestha, Shailesh
name: Thomson, Steven
name: Barnes, Andrew Peter
name: Hansson, Helena
name: Manevska-Tasevska, Gordana
name: Shrestha, Shailesh
name: Thomson, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Viability
subject: Diversification
subject: Multinomial Logistic Regression

description: The long-term viability of farm businesses has been a stated goal for agricultural policy in most developed and developing economies. Recent investigations have found the level and type of diversification to be a significant factor in determining viability. This paper presents an index of short term and long term viability over the period 2000-2012 across Scotland and Sweden. Transition probabilities are presented using a balanced Markov chain approach. We find stability in both viable and non-viable farms over time, irrespective of policy and market change. A multinomial logistic regression finds the influence agaricultural diversification on determining higher levels of viability at the farm level.
Additional file 8: of Cell type-specific CLIP reveals that NOVA regulates cytoskeleton interactions in motoneurons
Creators: name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Xie, Shirley
name: Darnell, Jennifer
name: Darnell, Andrew
name: Saito, Yuhki
name: Phatnani, Hemali
name: Murphy, Elisabeth
name: Zhang, Chaolin
name: Maniatis, Tom
name: Darnell, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Review history for this manuscript. (DOCX 74 kb)
Generic model of morphological changes in growing colonies of fungi
Creators: name: Lopez, Juan M.
name: Jensen, Henrik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Fungal colonies are able to exhibit different morphologies depending on the enviromental conditions. This allows them to cope with and adapt to external changes. When grown in solid or semi-solid media the bulk of the colony is compact and several morphological transitions have been reported to occur as the external conditions are varied. Here we show how a unified simple mathematical model, which includes the effect of the accumulation of toxic metabolites, can account for the morphological changes observed. Our numerical results are in excellent agreement with experiments carried out with the fungus Aspergillus oryzae on solid agar.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, uses epsf. Accepted in Phys Rev E
Constants and Variations: From Alpha to Omega
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some of the history and properties of theories for the variation of the gravitation and fine structure 'constants'. We highlight some general features of the cosmological models that exist in these theories with reference to recent quasar data that is consistent with time-variation in alpha since a redshift of 3.5. The behaviour of a simple class of varying-alpha cosmologies is outlined in the light of all the observational constraints. We discuss the key role played by non-zero vacuum energy and curvature in turning off the variation of constants in these theories and the issue of comparing extra-galactic and local observational data. We also show why black hole thermodynamics does not enable us to distinguish between time variations of different constants.
description: 18 pages, no figures. Plenary Talk presented at the JENAM 2002 Workshop on Varying Fundamental Constants, Porto, 5th September 2002. To be published in the Conference Proceedings
Simulation of 48-Hour Queue Dynamics for A Semi-Private Hospital Ward Considering Blocked Beds
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: This thesis study evaluates access to care at an internal medicine unit with solely semi-private rooms at Baystate Medical Center (BMC). Patients are divided into two types: Type I patient consumes one bed; Type II patient occupies two beds or an entire semi-private room as a private space for clinical reasons, resulting in one empty but unavailable (blocked) bed per Type II patient. Because little data is available on blocked beds and Type II patients, unit-level hospital bed planning studies that consider blocked beds have been lacking. This thesis study bridges that gap by building a single-stream and a two-stream discrete micro-simulation model in Excel VBA to describe unit-level bed queue dynamics at hourly granularity in the next 48-hour time horizon, using historical arrival rates and census-dependent discharge rates, supplemented with qualitative results on complexity of patient-level discharge prediction. Results showed that while we increase additional semiprivate beds, there was notable difference between the traditional single-stream model and the two-stream model concerning improvement in bed queue size. Possible directions for future research include patient-level discharge prediction considering both clinical and nonclinical milestones, and strategic redesign of hospital unit(s) considering overflows and internal transfers.
MOESM2 of Effectiveness of music therapy for alleviating pain during haemodialysis access cannulation for patients undergoing haemodialysis: a multi-facility, single-blind, randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Masatsugu Kishida
name: Yamada, Yosuke
name: Inayama, Emi
name: Mineaki Kitamura
name: Nishino, Tomoya
name: Ota, Keiko
name: Shintani, Ayumi
name: Tatsuyoshi Ikenoue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2. Monte Carlo simulation study for selecting an optimal statistical test.
Entropic Geometry from Logic
Creators: name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We produce a probabilistic space from logic, both classical and quantum, which is in addition partially ordered in such a way that entropy is monotone. In particular do we establish the following equation: Quantitative Probability = Logic + Partiality of Knowledge + Entropy. That is: 1. A finitary probability space Δ^n (=all probability measures on {1,...,n}) can be fully and faithfully represented by the pair consisting of the abstraction D^n (=the object up to isomorphism) of a partially ordered set (Δ^n,\sqsubseteq), and, Shannon entropy; 2. D^n itself can be obtained via a systematic purely order-theoretic procedure (which embodies introduction of partiality of knowledge) on an (algebraic) logic. This procedure applies to any poset A; D_A\cong(Δ^n,\sqsubseteq) when A is the n-element powerset and D_A\cong(Ω^n,\sqsubseteq), the domain of mixed quantum states, when A is the lattice of subspaces of a Hilbert space. (We refer to http://web.comlab.ox.ac.uk/oucl/publications/tr/rr-02-07.html for a domain-theoretic context providing the notions of approximation and content.)
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Spin transport in ferromagnet-InSb nanowire quantum devices
Creators: name: Yang, Zedong
name: Heischmidt, Brett
name: Gazibegovic, Sasa
name: Badawy, Ghada
name: Car, Diana
name: Crowell, Paul A.
name: Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
name: Pribiag, Vlad S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Signatures of Majorana zero modes (MZMs), which are the building blocks for fault-tolerant topological quantum computing, have been observed in semiconductor nanowires (NW) with strong spin-orbital-interaction (SOI), such as InSb and InAs NWs with proximity-induced superconductivity. Realizing topological superconductivity and MZMs in this most widely-studied platform also requires eliminating spin degeneracy, which is realized by applying a magnetic field to induce a helical gap. However, the applied field can adversely impact the induced superconducting state in the NWs and also places geometric restrictions on the device, which can affect scaling of future MZM-based quantum registers. These challenges could be circumvented by integrating magnetic elements with the NWs. With this motivation, in this work we report the first experimental investigation of spin transport across InSb NWs, which are enabled by devices with ferromagnetic (FM) contacts. We observe signatures of spin polarization and spin-dependent transport in the quasi-one-dimensional ballistic regime. Moreover, we show that electrostatic gating tunes the observed magnetic signal and also reveals a transport regime where the device acts as a spin filter. These results open an avenue towards developing MZM devices in which spin degeneracy is lifted locally, without the need of an applied magnetic field. They also provide a path for realizing spin-based devices that leverage spin-orbital states in quantum wires.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Haliotrematoides hatzenbuehlerae Kritsky, Tingbao & Yuan, 2009, n. sp.
Creators: name: Kritsky, Delane C.
name: Tingbao, Yang
name: Yuan, Sun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Monogenea
Dactylogyridea
Ancyrocephalidae
Haliotrematoides
Haliotrematoides hatzenbuehlerae

description: Haliotrematoides hatzenbuehlerae n. sp.
(Figs. 3–9)
 Type host and locality: Yellow-banded snapper, Lutjanus adetii (Castelnau) (Lutjanidae): off Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia (23 o 27'S, 151 o 55'E), 16–23 July 2001.
 Site of infection: Gills.
 Specimens studied: Holotype, QM G230677; 33 paratypes, QM G230678-687, USNPC 101322, BMNH 2008.11.19.1-8.
 Etymology: This species is named in honor of Dr. Linda Hatzenbuehler, Dean of the College of Health Professions, Idaho State University, in appreciation of in-kind and financial support that she has provided over more than two decades for the senior author’s research program at Idaho State University.
 Description: Greatest width usually near body midlength. Cephalic lobes well developed. Posterior eyespots with lenses. Pharynx subspherical. Gonads ovate. Seminal vesicle inconspicuous or absent; MCO comprising proximal funnel-shaped base, broad tubular shaft a loose clockwise coil of about one complete ring. Vaginal pore simple within slight tegumental indentation, opening to ovate seminal vestibule; vaginal canal short, delicate, extending to fusiform seminal receptacle. Ventral anchor with poorly differentiated roots, blade arising from inner surface of distal shaft, straight point sharply recurved and grooved superficially; base infrequently perforated. Dorsal anchor with elongate superficial root, nonexistent deep root, straight shaft having distal inner blade, straight point grooved and strongly recurved. Ventral bar broadly V shaped with notched ends; dorsal bar long, rod-shaped, with posteromedial expansion. Hook distribution typical.
 Measurements: Body 395 (353–499; n = 19) long; greatest width 75 (62–116; n = 21). Haptor 73 (62–86; n = 20) long, 63 (58–71; n = 17) wide. Pharynx 23 (20–28; n = 19) wide. MCO 53 (45–62; n = 9) long. Ventral anchor 50 (48–52; n = 11) long; dorsal anchor 66 (63–67; n = 11) long. Ventral bar 48 (43–52; n = 10) long; dorsal bar 42 (38–46; n = 12) long. Hook 12 (11–13; n = 31) long. Germarium 29 (24–36; n = 11) long, 24 (18–30; n = 11) wide; testis 49 (32–62; n = 13) long, 30 (20–47; n = 13) wide.
 Remarks: Haliotrematoides hatzenbuehlerae is the type species of the genus.
description: Published as part of Kritsky, Delane C., Tingbao, Yang & Yuan, Sun, 2009, Dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea) parasitizing the gills of snappers (Perciformes, Lutjanidae): Proposal of Haliotrematoides n. gen. and descriptions of new and previously described species from marine fishes of the Red Sea, the eastern and Indo-west Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, pp. 1-51 in Zootaxa 1970 (1970) on page 9
Conquering the EU market with new comprehensive trade agreements –simulating DCFTAs between the EU and neighbour countries
Creators: name: Rau, Marie-Luise
name: Rau, Marie-Luise
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: International trade
subject: regional trade agreements
subject: trade liberalisation
subject: tariff liberalisation
subject: non-tariff measures
subject: DCFTAs
subject: EU
subject: CGE

description: The EU has undertaken considerable efforts of establishing Deep and Comprehensive Trade Agreements (DCFTAs). The EU DCFTAs go beyond tariff liberalisation, specifically targeting “behind the border” measures, commonly referred to non-tariff measures (NTMs). While offering benefits, the contents and implementation of the DCFTAs has been controversially discussed, and this paper investigates whether DCFTAs will actually help partner countries to sell their products on the EU market. For the analysis, the general equilibrium model MAGNET (Modular Applied General Equilibrium Tool) is applied in a recursive dynamic general equilibrium framework. In the simulation, DCFTAs are depicted in terms of a tariff liberalisation and the elimination of NTMs between the EU and DCFTA partners. The latter represents the regulatory orientation towards the EU, whereby the standard “ice-berg costs” approach is implemented in the simulation. The simulation results show that the DCFTA partner countries will not equally benefit from increased trade with the EU. In particular small DCFTA partners do not seem to be able to tap into the potential of the improved trading relations without the DCFTA. Other DCFTA partners however will be able to considerably increase their export to the EU, and in this sense they will conquer the EU market.
Metadata record for the manuscript: High expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in colorectal cancer patients
Creators: name: Liu, Chao
name: Wang, Kai
name: Zhang, Min
name: Hu, Xiaoyu
name: Hu, Tian
name: Liu, Yumei
name: Hu, Qinyong
name: Wu, Shikai
name: Yue, Jinbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Summary

This
metadata record provides details of the data supporting the claims of the
related manuscript: “High expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2
and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in colorectal cancer patients ”.

The
related study explored the patterns of expression of entry receptors angiotensin
I-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and
the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with both COVID-19 and
colorectal cancer.

Data
access

The
expression profiling data underlying Figures 2-4 in the related manuscript are
openly available at the Gene Expression Omnibus repository at the following 2
series accessions: https://identifiers.org/geo:GSE81861 and https://identifiers.org/geo:GSE146771. The COVID-19 patient data are stored in the file COVID-19
patient data.xlsx. This file is not publicly available to protect patient
privacy. Contact Prof. Qinyong Hu (rm001223@whu.edu.cn) with data requests.

The
following samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analysed by bulk RNA
sequencing and are openly available via the University of California Santa
Clara’s Xena website (https://xenabrownser.net): TCGA-LUAD.htseq_fpkm.tsv, TCGA-LUSC.htseq_fpkm.tsv,
TCGA-ESCA.htseq_fpkm.tsv, TCGA-COAD.htseq_fpkm.tsv, TCGA-STAD.htseq_fpkm.tsv,
TCGA-LIHC.htseq_fpkm.tsv, TCGA-READ.htseq_fpkm.tsv. These data underlie Figure
1 in the related manuscript.

Name
of Institutional Review Board or ethics committee that approved the study

Approved by the Ethical
Committee of Wuhan Hankou Hospital (HKYY-2020-028), with a waiver of written
informed consent.
Solar Neutrino Results from Super-Kamiokande
Creators: name: Smy, M. B.
name: Collaboration, the Super-Kamiokande
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-Kamiokande has measured the solar neutrino flux using elastic neutrino-electron scattering in water. The measured flux is $2.32\pm0.03$(stat)$^{+0.08}_{-0.07}$(syst)$\times10^6$/(cm$^2$s) based on the energy range of 5 to 20 MeV for the recoiling electron. The time-dependence and energy spectrum of the recoiling electrons were studied to search for two-neutrino oscillation signatures. The absence of either significant zenith angle flux variation or distortions of the recoil electron spectrum places strong constraints on neutrino mass difference and mixing. In combination with the flux measurement, two allowed regions at large mixing are found.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, to be published in the proceedings of XXXVI th Rencontres de Moriond Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories
Price discrimination and pricing to market behavior of Black sea region wheat exporters
Creators: name: Gafarova, Gulmira
name: Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Gafarova, Gulmira
name: Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
name: Glauben, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: fixed-effects model
subject: mark-up
subject: price discrimination
subject: pricing-to-market
subject: wheat export

description: As a result of some important changes in the international wheat market, market shares of leading exporters have recently altered. The Black Sea region countries – Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine have become important wheat exporters. Consequently, the pricing behavior of these countries has become a key issue. By applying the pricing-to-market model to annual wheat exports, this study analyses price discriminating behavior of the KRU exporters in foreign markets during 1996-2012. The results demonstrate that even though the KRU countries are able to exercise price discrimination in some importing countries, they usually face perfect competition in most destinations.
Markup pricing in the context of a violent conflict: differentiated apples in Hebron wholesale market
Creators: name: Ihle, Rico
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Rubin, Ofir David
name: Ihle, Rico
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Rubin, Ofir David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Consumer animosity
subject: differentiated products
subject: Israel
subject: Palestine
subject: violent conflict

description: We investigate whether hostile international relations in the framework of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict has an effect on pricing and consumption patterns of different varieties of apples marketed in Palestine. For this purpose, we employ a discrete choice equilibrium model with product differentiation. Results suggest that the intensity level of the conflict has a positive (negative) effect on demand (price elasticity and markups). It is plausible that in times of uncertainty transactions are larger as producers have higher incentive to sell their stock and consumers prefer to accumulate food to avoid risk that violence and security measures will impede trade.
PROCESSOR TEMPERATURE AND RELIABILITY ESTIMATION USING ACTIVITY COUNTERS
Creators: name: Chhablani, Mayank
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: With the advent of technology scaling lifetime reliability is an emerging threat in high-performance and deadline-critical systems. High on-chip thermal gradients accelerates localised thermal elevations (hotspots) which increases the aging rate of the semiconductor devices. As a result, reliable operation of the processors has become a challenging task. Therefore, cost effective schemes for estimating temperature and reliability are crucial. In this work we present a reliability estimation scheme that is based on a light-weight temperature estimation technique that monitors hardware events. Unlike previously pro- posed hardware counter-based approaches, our approach involves a linear-temporal-feedback estimator, taking into account the effects of thermal inertia. The proposed approach shows an average absolute error of
We then present a counter-based technique to estimate the thermal accelerated aging factor (TAAF), which is an indicator of lifetime reliability. Results demonstrate that the estimation error is within [−3, +5].
Comparison between Grating Imaging and Transient Grating Techniques on Measuring Carrier Diffusion in Semiconductor
Creators: name: Chen, Ke
name: Meng, Xianghai
name: He, Feng
name: Zhou, Yongjian
name: Jeong, Jihoon
name: Sheehan, Nathanial
name: Bank, Seth R
name: Wang, Yaguo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Optical grating technique, where optical gratings are generated via light inference, has been widely used to measure charge carrier and phonon transport in semiconductors. In this paper, compared are three types of transient optical grating techniques: transient grating diffraction, transient grating heterodyne, and grating imaging, by utilizing them to measure carrier diffusion coefficient in a GaAs/AlAs superlattice. Theoretical models are constructed for each technique to extract the carrier diffusion coefficient, and the results from all three techniques are consistent. Our main findings are: (1) the transient transmission change ∆T/T0 obtained from transient grating heterodyne and grating imaging techniques are identical, even these two techniques originate from different detection principles; and (2) by adopting detection of transmission change (heterodyne amplification) instead of pure diffraction, the grating imaging technique (transient grating heterodyne) has overwhelming advantage in signal intensity than the transient grating diffraction, with a signal intensity ratio of 315:1 (157:1).
Possibility of rapid neutron star cooling with the realistic equation of state
Creators: name: Dohi, Akira
name: Nakazato, Ken'ichiro
name: Hashimoto, Masa-aki
name: Matsuo, Yasuhide
name: Noda, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether fast cooling processes occur or not is crucial for the thermal evolution of neutron stars. In particular, the threshold of the direct Urca process, which is one of the fast cooling processes, is determined by the interior proton fraction $Y_p$, or the nuclear symmetry energy. Since recent observations indicate the small radius of neutron stars, a low value is preferred for the symmetry energy. In this study, simulations of neutron star cooling are performed adopting three models for equation of state (EoS): Togashi, Shen, and LS220 EoSs. The Togashi EoS has been recently constructed with realistic nuclear potentials under finite temperature, and found to account for the small radius of neutron stars. As a result, we find that, since the direct Urca process is forbidden, the neutron star cooling is slow with use of the Togashi EoS. This is because symmetry energy of Togashi EoS is lower than those of other EoSs. Hence, in order to account for observed age and surface temperature of isolated neutron stars (INS) with use of the Togashi EoS, other fast cooling processes are needed regardless of the surface composition.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, Fig.10 corrected, accepted for publication in PTEP
Trade policy coordination and food price volatility
Creators: name: Gouel, Christophe
name: Gouel, Christophe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: commodity price stabilization
subject: export restrictions
subject: repeated game
subject: WTO

description: Many countries adjust their trade policies countercyclically to food prices, to such extent that the use of export restrictions by numerous food exporters has occasionally threatened the food security of food importing countries. These trade policies are not consistent with the terms-of-trade motivation often retained to characterize the payoff frontier of self-enforcing trade agreements, as these policies can worsen the country’s terms of trade. This paper analyzes trade policy coordination when trade policies are driven by terms-of-trade effects and a desire to reduce domestic food price volatility. This framework implies that importing and exporting countries have incentives to deviate from cooperation at different periods: exporter when prices are high and importers when prices are low. Since staple food prices tend to have positively-skewed distributions, with more prices below mean than above but with occasional spikes, a self-enforcing agreement generates asymmetric outcomes. Although an importing country suffers less in the trade war than an exporting country, this latter has larger incentives to deviate from a cooperative trade policy because positive deviations from mean price are larger than negative ones. Thus, because of the asymmetry of the distribution of commodity prices, it may be more difficult to discipline exports taxes than tariffs in trade agreements.
MOESM1 of Mortality and comorbidity after non-operatively managed, low-energy pelvic fracture in patients over age 70: a comparison with an age-matched femoral neck fracture cohort and general population
Creators: name: Reito, Aleksi
name: Kuoppala, Mari
name: Pajulammi, Hanna
name: Hokkinen, Lasse
name: Kyrölä, Kati
name: Paloneva, Juha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline data for patients with a femoral neck fracture.
Singular asymptotics for solutions of the inhomogeneous Painlevé II equation
Creators: name: Hu, Weiying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A60 (Primary), 33C45

description: We consider a family of solutions to the Painlevé II equation $$ u''(x)=2u^3(x)+xu(x)-α\qquad \textrm{with } \a \in \mathbb{R} \cut \{0\}, $$ which have infinitely many poles on $(-\infty, 0)$. Using Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest descent method for Riemann-Hilbert problems, we rigorously derive their singular asymptotics as $x \to -\infty$. In the meantime, we extend the existing asymptotic results when $x\to +\infty$ from $\a-\frac{1}{2} \notin \mathbb{Z}$ to any real $\a$. The connection formulas are also obtained.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures. Accepted by Nonlinearity on 28th Mar 2019
Localised Agri-food Systems in Italy: strategies for competitiveness and role of institutional factors
Creators: name: Mantino, Francesco
name: Mantino, Francesco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Rural development
subject: Agro-food systems
subject: Governance

description: This paper focuses on the notion of localised agricultural and agro-food system as unit of analysis (LAFS). LAFSs appear to be as quite resilient and dynamic systems. As we will see, the analysis of exports in the last years can provide enough evidence of their strong resilience and capability to respond to economic crisis. This dynamics does not seem understandable by only using either classical variables (size of farm holdings, intensity of capital investment, human capital, rate of technological progress, etc.) or geographical factors (soil fertility, irrigation, plain versus mountain location, etc.). Organisation is a key variable to explain their diverse economic performances. Between the market and the hierarchic structure there are so many possible types of organisational modes, which strictly depend from the strategies set up by economic agents. The analysis provides evidence of diffused dynamism of these systems, both in terms of demographic characteristics, labour productivity and exports in international markets. Relevant differences among these local systems can be explained by geographical location (especially between North and South Italy) and infrastructural endowments. But relevant differences, according to recent studies on governance of rural areas, are also as far as cooperation and integration variables are concerned. To explore the nature of these variables, a parallel survey was implemented in 20 Italian areas to identify and reconstruct the institutional maps of the food chain supply (farming system, food industry, type of distribution and market channels), the main actors working in it and the main forms of vertical and horizontal integration/cooperation. This allowed to understand the structure of the food chain supply and which kind of governance is characterising agriculture and agro-food sector in these rural areas. The survey allows conceptualising four possible modes of rural integration/cooperation, depending from the organisation that has been set up within the single LAFS: 1) LAFSs with lack of governance; 2) LAFSs with contractual arrangements dominated by the processing industry and/or by the large-scale retail; 3) LAFSs with contractual arrangements involving effective cooperative structures and/or producers organisations; d) LAFSs where Consortia of cooperatives and/or producers Organisations were able to bring in innovative forms in marketing phase.
Effect of overripe banana pulp incorporation on nutritional composition, physical properties, and sensory acceptability of chocolate cookies
Creators: name: Ng, Yee Vern
name: Ismail, Tengku Alina Tengku
name: Ishak, Wan Rosli Wan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The intake of dietary fibre (DF) has been proven to lower the risk of chronic diseases, leading to the increasing demand for fibre-enriched bakery product. Banana is one of the most consumed fruits that exhibits rich sources of DF and provides excellent nutritional health benefits. However, overripe banana is discarded due to its low quality and appearance. Thus, the present work was aimed to determine the properties of chocolate cookies formulated with overripe banana pulp powder (OBPP) as partial replacement (0, 6, 8, and 10%) for wheat flour. Nutritional composition, physical properties, and sensory acceptability of the cookies were analysed using AOAC methods, texture profile analyser, and 7-point hedonic scaling method, respectively. Results showed that increased incorporation of OBPP significantly increased the nutritional values of chocolate cookies. Chocolate cookies formulated with 10% of OBPP recorded the highest total dietary fibre (8.21%) and ash (1.23%) contents. In texture profile analysis, the firmness of the chocolate cookies was recorded to increase slightly with increasing level of OBPP, although this was not significant. Sensory scores for the control (0%) and 6% OBPP-incorporated cookies were not significantly different for all the sensory attributes. However, the incorporation of 8% OBPP produced the highest scores in terms of aroma, flavour, and overall acceptance. In summary, the addition of 8% OBPP could be an effective way to produce nutritious and the most palatable chocolate cookies.
"The Fate Which Takes Us:" Benjamin F. Beall and Jefferson County, (West) Virginia in the Civil War Era
Creators: name: Coletti, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: This thesis analyzes the editorial content of a popular regional newspaper from the Shenandoah Valley, the Spirit of Jefferson, during the height of the Civil-War Era (1848-1870). The newspaper’s editor during most of the period, Benjamin F. Beall, was a white, southern slaveholder of humble origins, who spent time serving in the Confederate military. Beall, however, had also quickly established himself as one of the preeminent Democrats in his home county of Jefferson, as well as both the Shenandoah Valley and the new state of West Virginia. Beall firmly believed in the institution of racial slavery and fought to preserve that institution. Yet, not all of Beall’s white neighbors decided that secession was an appropriate idea worth pursuing. Typical of other areas in the Upper South, these unionists existed in large numbers due to the survival of a strong, two-party political system built from an increasingly diversifying local economy. These white unionists shared a complicated relationship with local blacks, who also sought to defeat the Confederacy in order to claim freedom and citizenship rights in the United States. This paper, hence, traces the path to disunion in Jefferson County and the troubled attempts to reunify during the immediate aftermath of the war from the perspective of the largest population demographic in the county—albeit smaller than elsewhere in the South—the cultural conservatives like Beall. Beall’s words serve as some of the best surviving evidence of how most local whites felt toward the attempts to shatter slavery and how difficult it was for those whites to prevent its destruction.
Additional file 1: of Peptide binding to cleaved CD31 dampens ischemia/reperfusion-induced intestinal injury
Creators: name: Hoang, Quoc
name: Nuzzo, Alexandre
name: Louedec, Liliane
name: Delbosc, Sandrine
name: Andreata, Francesco
name: Khallou-Laschet, Jamila
name: Assadi, Maksud
name: Montravers, Philippe
name: Longrois, Dan
name: Corcos, Olivier
name: Caligiuri, Giuseppina
name: Nicoletti, Antonino
name: Michel, Jean-Baptiste
name: Tran-Dinh, Alexy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Histological grading system: Chiu's score. Figure S2. Histological sections of the small intestine. Figure S2. Histological sections of the small intestine. (DOCX 480 kb)
The City of Minas: The Founding of Belo Horizonte, Brazil and Modernity in the First Republic, 1889-1897
Creators: name: McDonald, Daniel Lee
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description:  
The foundation of Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais in 1897 represents a pivotal moment in urban planning and the search for modernity in Brazil. This thesis argues that the decision to move the capital of Minas Gerais at the outset of the First Republic and the designing of the new city encompassed an evolving vision of modernity that helped establish the planned city as a means to transport Brazil into the future. It also situates the effort to build Belo Horizonte within the wider theoretical discourse on modernity and the development of urban spaces in Brazil. The politicians in favor of the move, mudancistas, responded to the unique geo-political situation of Minas Gerais to craft a vision of the city that embraced railroads and industry and rejected Ouro Preto for its association with the colonial past. They envisioned a white space with little room for Brazil’s majority population of color that would embody the republicanism of Brazil’s future. After the decision to move the capital, Chief Engineer Aarão Reis added significant elements of Positivist thought to the vision of modernity surrounding the creation of the new capital city, Belo Horizonte. Reis sought to build a city based on mathematic rationality that would bring order to society. He echoed politicians’ rejection of Ouro Preto in his emphasis on sanitation and the prevention of unregulated development. Moreover, he intended for Belo Horizonte to be a performance of modernity that would be studied around the world.
An Economic Analysis of the U.S. Dairy Price Support Program and Alternative Policies
Creators: name: Novakovic, Andrew M.
name: Babb, Emerson M.
name: Novakovic, Andrew M.
name: Babb, Emerson M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management
Financial Economics

description: A spatial model of the U.S. dairy sector is used to analyze support prices at 75 and 80 percent of parity, supports based on the cost of production, a policy of minimal or non-support, and the possibility of increasing dairy imports. Results indicate that the current program of parity based price supports could lead to large and increasing federal expenditures on dairy products over a five year period, whereas support prices based on the full cost of production would imply much lower expenditures. In fact, it is likely that support prices based on the full cost of production would be below market prices by 1980. Under those conditions, it would be possible to increase imports, perhaps as much as four times their level in 1976 by 1981, without requiring abnormally large federal expenditures. This would provide an opportunity to enhance U.S. bargaining power at the multilateral trade negotiations. The results of the analysis follow from the expectation that the parity price will increase much more sharply than the cost of milk production. The divergence between parity and cost is in large part due to the different weightings assigned to inputs in the two measures, feed inputs in particular. Furthermore, productivity gains are taken into account in the cost of production but not in the parity price. Actual results will differ from projections, particularly if production costs would increase more sharply than projected due to weather, exports, or government feed grains programs, for example.
Classical percolation transition in the diluted two-dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Sandvik, Anders W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional antiferromagnetic S=1/2 Heisenberg model with random site dilution is studied using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Ground state properties of the largest connected cluster on L*L lattices, with L up to 64, are calculated at the classical percolation threshold. In addition, clusters with a fixed number Nc of spins on an infinite lattice at the percolation density are studied for Nc up to 1024. The disorder averaged sublattice magnetization per spin extrapolates to the same non-zero infinite-size value for both types of clusters. Hence, the percolating clusters, which are fractal with dimensionality d=91/48, have antiferromagnetic long-range order. This implies that the order-disorder transition driven by site dilution occurs exactly at the percolation threshold and that the exponents are classical. The same conclusion is reached for the bond-diluted system. The full sublattice magnetization versus site-dilution curve is obtained in terms of a decomposition into a classical geometrical factor and a factor containing all the effects of quantum fluctuations. The spin stiffness is shown to obey the same scaling as the conductivity of a random resistor network.
description: 18 pages, 21 figures (spin stiffness results added in v2)
A High Spectral Resolution Study of the Soft X-ray Background with the X-ray Quantum Calorimeter
Creators: name: Wulf, Dallas
name: Eckart, Megan E
name: Galeazzi, Massimiliano
name: Jaeckel, Felix
name: Kelley, Richard L
name: Kilbourne, Caroline A
name: Morgan, Kelsey M
name: McCammon, Dan
name: Porter, F Scott
name: Szymkowiak, Andrew E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a combined analysis of four high spectral resolution observations of the Diffuse X-ray Background (DXRB), made using the University of Wisconsin-Madison/Goddard Space Flight Center X-ray Quantum Calorimeter (XQC) sounding rocket payload. The observed spectra support the existence of a $\sim0.1~$keV Local Hot Bubble and a $\sim0.2~$keV Hot Halo, with discrepancies between repeated observations compatible with expected contributions of time-variable emission from Solar Wind Charge Exchange (SWCX). An additional component of $\sim0.9~$keV emission observed only at low galactic latitudes can be consistently explained by unresolved dM stars.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Gravitation as Field and Curvature
Creators: name: Verozub, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that space-time properties are not absolute with respect to the used frame of reference as is to be expected according to ideas of relativity of space and time properties by Berkley - Leibnitz - Mach- Poincaré. From this point of view gravitation may manifests itself both as a field in Minkowski space-time and as space-time curvature. If the motion of test particles is described by the Thirring Lagrangian, then in the inertial frames of reference, where space-time is pseudo-Euclidean, gravitation manifests itself as a field. In reference frames, whose reference body is formed by point masses moving under the effect of the field, it appears as Riemannian curvature which in these frames is other than zero. For realization of this idea the author bimetric gravitation equations are considered. The spherically - symmetric solution of the equations in Minkowski space-time does not lead to the physical singularity in the center. The energy of the gravitational field of a point mass is finite. It follows from the properties of the gravitational force that there can exist stable compact supermassive configurations of Fermi-gas without an events horizon.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, latex2e