cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews: Holdouts!; Downtown Retail Development Conditions for Success and Project Profiles
Creators: name: Harrison, Ted Olin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Book reviews of the following: HOLDOUTS!: In the heart of most American planners, there is a deep respect for the efforts of preservation activists. Planners are famous (and infamous) for their advocacy of "interesting" and "diverse" forms of urban development. Buildings of historic and/or architectural significance are guarded zealously. Functional, but perhaps unattractive, retail centers serving the commercial needs of low and moderate income residents often find protection in public planning. This alliance of planners and preservationists is poorly regarded by members of the development community, however. Developers challenge the "professional schizophrenia" of the planning profession; advocates of a "city beautiful" and a "diverse city" urban form effect contradictory planning decisions and confused planning policy. Holdouts!, by Andrew Alpern and Seymore Durst illustrates this policy contradiction in the context of New York City's redevelopment process. It is a graphic study of development compromises and real estate failure caused by the tenacious, stubborn and sometimes gallant preservation efforts of property owners and public planners. Holdouts! is a survey of over fifty-seven cases in New York City where "frightened holdouts", "greedy holdouts", "professional holdouts" and "foolish holdouts" frustrated the planning and development efforts of the city's largest real estate concerns. DOWNTOWN RETAIL DEVELOPMENT: CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESS AND PROJECT PROFILES: American planners would be poorer students and practitioners of real estate development without the efforts and publications of the Urban Land Institute. Among their most recent efforts is Downtown Retail Development; Conditions For Success and Project Profiles by J. Thomas Black, Libby Howland and Stuart Rogel. In this concise, yet comprehensive survey of retail development trends, strategies, and opportunties, the authors detail specific tools and policies available to public and private developers concerned with the revitalization of the nation's central business districts.
Resonant Removal of Exomoons During Planetary Migration
Creators: name: Spalding, Christopher
name: Batygin, Konstantin
name: Adams, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jupiter and Saturn play host to an impressive array of satellites, making it reasonable to suspect that similar systems of moons might exist around giant extrasolar planets. Furthermore, a significant population of such planets is known to reside at distances of several Astronomical Units (AU), leading to speculation that some moons thereof might support liquid water on their surfaces. However, giant planets are thought to undergo inward migration within their natal protoplanetary disks, suggesting that gas giants currently occupying their host star's habitable zone formed further out. Here we show that when a moon-hosting planet undergoes inward migration, dynamical interactions may naturally destroy the moon through capture into a so-called "evection resonance." Within this resonance, the lunar orbit's eccentricity grows until the moon eventually collides with the planet. Our work suggests that moons orbiting within about 10 planetary radii are susceptible to this mechanism, with the exact number dependent upon the planetary mass, oblateness and physical size. Whether moons survive or not is critically related to where the planet began its inward migration as well as the character of inter-lunar perturbations. For example, a Jupiter-like planet currently residing at 1AU could lose moons if it formed beyond 5AU. Cumulatively, we suggest that an observational census of exomoons could potentially inform us on the extent of inward planetary migration, for which no reliable observational proxy currently exists.
description: 6 Figures, Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Observation of polarised hard X-ray emission from the Crab by the PoGOLite Pathfinder
Creators: name: Chauvin, M.
name: Florén, H. -G.
name: Jackson, M.
name: Kamae, T.
name: Kawano, T.
name: Kiss, M.
name: Kole, M.
name: Mikhalev, V.
name: Moretti, E.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Rydström, S.
name: Takahashi, H.
name: Iyudin, A.
name: Arimoto, M.
name: Fukazawa, Y.
name: Kataoka, J.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Mizuno, T.
name: Ryde, F.
name: Tajima, H.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Pearce, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the linear polarisation of hard X-ray emission from the Crab in a previously unexplored energy interval, 20-120 keV. The introduction of two new observational parameters, the polarisation fraction and angle stands to disentangle geometrical and physical effects, thereby providing information on the pulsar wind geometry and magnetic field environment. Measurements are conducted using the PoGOLite Pathfinder - a balloon-borne polarimeter. Polarisation is determined by measuring the azimuthal Compton scattering angle of incident X-rays in an array of plastic scintillators housed in an anticoincidence well. The polarimetric response has been characterised prior to flight using both polarised and unpolarised calibration sources. We address possible systematic effects through observations of a background field. The measured polarisation fraction for the integrated Crab light-curve is ($18.4^{+9.8}_{-10.6}$)%, corresponding to an upper limit (99% credibility) of 42.4%, for a polarisation angle of ($149.2\pm16.0)^\circ$.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters (In this revision the polarisation angle is correctly stated as 149.2$\pm$16.0 degrees and not 142.2$\pm$16.0 degrees (typo corrected in abstract and on page 4)
Living with the Land: The Case for Conservation-Oriented Development, Saddle Mountain, North Carolina
Creators: name: City, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: New homes are coming to the North Carolina mountains. They may be the result of new highways being built in the Piedmont Crescent or they may be part of a national trend toward exurban development. They may be vacation homes for residents of the region's growing cities or first homes for telecommuters. With every new trend in technology and transportation, the immovable mountains seem closer for a determined group of people seeking new ways to live, work, and recreate.
An Index for SSRN Downloads
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new index to quantify SSRN downloads. Unlike the SSRN downloads rank, which is based on the total number of an author's SSRN downloads, our index also reflects the author's productivity by taking into account the download numbers for the papers. Our index is inspired by - but is not the same as - Hirsch's h-index for citations, which cannot be directly applied to SSRN downloads. We analyze data for about 30,000 authors and 367,000 papers. We find a simple empirical formula for the SSRN author rank via a Gaussian function of the log of the number of downloads.
description: 41 pages; minor misprints corrected, hyperlinks fixed; to appear in Journal of Informetrics
What is the Effect of Commute Time on Employment? An Analysis of Spatial Patterns in the New York Metropolitan Area
Creators: name: Khattak, Asad J.
name: Quercia, Roberto G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: This study uses 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS) data to determine the effect of commute time, a measure of accessibility, on employment for residents of the New York- Northern New Jersey-Long Island consolidated metropolitan statistical area (CMSA). The study uses two models to test the hypothesis that higher commute times are associated with lower employment probabilities, and considers both employed and non-employed individuals and private vehicle and public transit commute modes. In the first model, an ordinary least squares regression is used to predict commute time by auto and transit for all New York CMSA respondents (regardless of whether employed) on the basis of individual, household, neighborhood, and workplace characteristics. In the second model, a binary probit model estimates employment probability on the basis of individual, household, and neighborhood characteristics, as well as predicted commute time. The policy implications of the findings are discussed.
Decoding fear intensity from sweat
Creators: name: de Groot, Jasper
name: Kirk, Peter
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Data and materials belonging to: de Groot, J.H.B., Kirk, P.A., & Gottfried, J.A. (in press).Titrating the Smell of Fear: Initial Evidence for Dose-Invariant Behavioral, Physiological, and Neural Responses.Psychological Science. doi: 10.1177/0956797620970548
The UHECR-FR0 Radio Galaxy Connection: A Multi-Messenger Study of Energy Spectra/Composition Emission and Intergalactic Magnetic Field Propagation
Creators: name: Lundquist, J. P.
name: Merten, L.
name: Vorobiov, S.
name: Boughelilba, M.
name: Reimer, A.
name: Da Vela, P.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Bonnoli, G.
name: Righi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates low luminosity Fanaroff-Riley Type 0 (FR0) radio galaxies as a potentially significant source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Due to their much higher prevalence in the local universe compared to more powerful radio galaxies (about five times more than FR-1s), FR0s may provide a substantial fraction of the total UHECR energy density. To determine the nucleon composition and energy spectrum of UHECRs emitted by FR0 sources, simulation results from CRPropa3 are fit to Pierre Auger Observatory data. The resulting emission spectral indices, rigidity cutoffs, and nucleon fractions are compared to recent Auger results. The FR0 simulations include the approximately isotropic distribution of FR0 galaxies and various intergalactic magnetic field configurations (including random and structured fields) and predict the fluxes of secondary photons and neutrinos produced during UHECR propagation through cosmic photon backgrounds. This comprehensive simulation allows for investigating the properties of the FR0 sources using observational multi-messenger data.
description: PoS 444 (38th ICRC) 1512
A Hydrodynamical Study on the Conversion of Hadronic Matter to Quark Matter: I. Shock-Induced Conversion
Creators: name: Furusawa, Shun
name: Sanada, Takahiro
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transitions of hadronic matter (HM) to 3-flavor quark matter (3QM) locally, regarding the conversion processes as combustion and describing them hydrodynamically. Not only the jump condition on both sides of the conversion front but the structures inside the front are also considered by taking into account what happens during the conversion processes on the time scale of weak interactions as well as equations of state (EOS's) in the mixed phase. Under the assumption that HM is metastable with their free energies being larger than those of 3QM but smaller than those of 2-flavor quark matter (2QM), we consider the transition via 2QM triggered by a rapid density rise in a shock wave. Based on the results, we discuss which combustion modes (strong/weak detonation) may be realized. HM is described by an EOS based on the relativistic mean field theory and 2, 3QM's are approximated by the MIT bag model. We demonstrate for a wide range of bag constant and strong coupling constant in this combination of EOS's that the combustion may occur in the so-called endothermic regime, in which the Hugoniot curve for combustion runs below the one for the shock wave in P-V plane, and which has no terrestrial counter part. We find that strong detonation always occurs. Depending on the EOS of quark matter (QM) as well as the density of HM and the Mach number of the detonation front, deconfinement from HM to 2QM is either completed or not completed in the shock wave. In the latter case, which is more likely if the EOS of QM ensures that deconfinement occurs above the nuclear saturation density and that the maximum mass of cold quark stars is larger than two solar mass, the conversion continues further via the mixing state of HM and 3QM on the time scale of weak interactions.
description: 44 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Book Review: Growing Cooler: The Evidence on Urban Development and Climate Change
Creators: name: Brubaker, Jeffery
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The past two decades have seen a fortification of the chain of evidence regarding humankind’s influence on climate change. In 1990, when the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) produced its first assessment report, scientists were unsure whether the 0.3 to 0.6oC warming observed over the previous 100 years was due to natural variability. A subsequent 1992 report concluded that the “unequivocal detection” of the effect of humaninduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in raising the Earth’s thermostat “is not likely for a decade or more.”
Political Challenges and Active Transportation: A Comparison of Helsinki, Finland and Ottawa, Canada
Creators: name: Saidla, Karl
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Active transportation
Walking
Cycling
Public transit
Healthy public policy
Health promotion
Advocacy coalition framework
Politics
Advocacy

description: This qualitative comparative case study examined factors related to politics that might explain the notably different active transportation (AT - walking, cycling, and public transit use) rates achieved in Helsinki, Finland (a leading European city in AT, where 77 per cent of people use primarily AT for daily transportation) and Ottawa, Canada (a leading North American city in AT, but where the AT rate is 28.5 per cent). Applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) - a policy process theory - individual focused interviews were conducted with 47 active transportation experts from the two cities. Document review was employed as a secondary method. The results are discussed in three articles written for peer reviewed journals – the first two concentrating on the findings from Helsinki and Ottawa respectively, and the third article comparing the findings from both cities. Overall, differences stemming from the ACF category of relatively stable parameters (i.e., stable background-level factors) including land use, transportation planning traditions, and political systems were identified as likely important in explaining the discrepancy in AT rates.
Attacking the Racial Isolation of the Underclass: Explanations and Strategies for a New Era
Creators: name: Godschalk, David K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Twenty-five years after the Kerner Commission issued its report on urban poverty and civil disorders, urban African-American communities face a situation that has grown steadily worse. The most blatant legal obstacles to African-Americans have been struck down, but societal discrimination and economic inequality still prevent many blacks from enjoying a status that is truly equal. As the nation's population has become more urban, the populations of the central cities have become disproportionately African-American, Hispanic, and Asian. Poverty in America has decreased in non-metropolitan areas while growing rapidly in the central cities. The impact of this increase has fallen most heavily on residents of the 'ghetto neighborhoods' described by the Kerner Commission, sixty-five percent of whom are African-Americans. The number of poor persons living in ghetto neighborhoods increased by 30 percent between 1970 and 1980, at which time almost a third of all metropolitan blacks lived in a ghetto. Recent studies have suggested that a fundamental change in the nature of urban poverty has accompanied its statistical increase. These studies point to the existence of a new sociological group: the 'urban underclass.' While there is no firm consensus over how the underclass differs from what used to be known as the lower class, there is general agreement that the underclass is characterized by high levels of joblessness, illiteracy, violence, despair, and a growing economic, spatial, and cultural isolation from "mainstream" America.
Graph Neural Bandits
Creators: name: Qi, Yunzhe
name: Ban, Yikun
name: He, Jingrui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contextual bandits algorithms aim to choose the optimal arm with the highest reward out of a set of candidates based on the contextual information. Various bandit algorithms have been applied to real-world applications due to their ability of tackling the exploitation-exploration dilemma. Motivated by online recommendation scenarios, in this paper, we propose a framework named Graph Neural Bandits (GNB) to leverage the collaborative nature among users empowered by graph neural networks (GNNs). Instead of estimating rigid user clusters as in existing works, we model the "fine-grained" collaborative effects through estimated user graphs in terms of exploitation and exploration respectively. Then, to refine the recommendation strategy, we utilize separate GNN-based models on estimated user graphs for exploitation and adaptive exploration. Theoretical analysis and experimental results on multiple real data sets in comparison with state-of-the-art baselines are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework.
description: Accepted to SIGKDD 2023
Plant Closings: A Local Economic Planning Dilemma
Creators: name: Barbour, Leland C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: The dichotomy which exists between long-range economic planning activities and short-term "knee-jerk" reaction planning can be a major disrupter of a local planning agency's economic development program. In an industrial community the rumored or impending shutdown of a major employer is exactly the type of situation which can force the local planning staff to shift its activities on very short notice into a crisis status. Usually there is a lack of useful information about the affected workers and about the current situation in the local job market. This combination of data needs makes the provision of timely programming and relief a difficult, it not Impossible, objective. For some time now Durham, N.C. has been experiencing economic uncertainties and planning difficulties associated with the rumored closing of the Liggett and Myers tobacco plant. Still one of Durham's largest employers, with a present workforce of approximately 1600, the company laid off 410 production workers in October 1979. The move served to reinforce speculation about the parent company's (The Liggett Group) future plans for its Durham operations. Because of L & M's declining position in the domestic cigarette market and the well-publicized failure of sale negotiations between The Liggett Group and a potential North Carolina buyer, it is evident that L & M's local position is somewhat tenuous. The Durham experience with L & M is, and will continue to be, a valuable example for other communities, and for policy-makers seeking to formulate effective program planning that is applicable to similar situations.
Ether and Relativity
Creators: name: Farhoudi, Mehrdad
name: Yousefian, Maysam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one of the fundamental debates in performing the relativity theory, namely, the ether and the relativity points of view, in a way to aid the learning of the subjects. In addition, we present our views and prospects while describing the issues that being accessible to many physicists and allowing broader views. Also, we very briefly review the two almost recent observations of the Webb redshift and the ultra high-energy cosmic rays, and the modified relativity models that have been presented to justify them, wherein we express that these justifications have not been performed via a single model with a single mechanism.
description: 21 pages
What really elicits learners’ situational interest in the learning activities: A protocol for a scoping review on the most frequently addressed situational interest sources among existing empirical studies in educational settings
Creators: name: Zhixing, Guo
name: Fryer, Luke
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education
subject: interest
subject: interest source
subject: learning task
subject: situational interest

description: A protocol for a scoping review on situational interest sources within learning tasks in educational settings
Dirac electrons on three-dimensional graphitic zeolites --- a scalable mass gap
Creators: name: Koshino, Mikito
name: Aoki, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of graphene wound into three-dimensional periodic curved surfaces ("graphitic zeolites") is proposed and their electronic structures are obtained to explore how the massless Dirac fermions behave on periodic surfaces. We find in the tight-binding model that the low-energy band structure around the charge neutrality point is dominated by the topology (cubic or gyroid) of the periodic surface as well as by the spatial period $L$ in modulo 3 in units of the lattice constant. In both of cubic and gyroid cases the Dirac electrons become massive around the charge neutrality point, where the band gap is shown to scale as $1/L$ within each mod-3 class. Wave functions around the gap are found to have amplitudes sharply peaked around the topological defects that are required to deform the graphene sheet into a three-dimensional periodic surface, and this is shown to originate from non-trivial Bloch phases at $K$ and $K'$ points of the original graphene.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
THE COMPLEX NETWORK BETWEEN INFLAMMATION AND COLORECTAL CANCER: A SISTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Creators: name: Percario, Rossana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digestive System Diseases
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Immune System Diseases

description: Colorectal cancer is one of the most diffuse malignant pathology and many factors are involved in its genesis. Among these factors, inflammation plays an important role. Many molecules are in-volved in inflammation processes and are linked in different pathways either in sense of pro-tumorigenesis either in anti-tumorigenic action. This review was made with the aim to resume in a single paper the most part of actual knowledge in literature and to comprehend inflammation patterns for a better clinical and surgical management of patients.
Calculations on the stopping power of a heterogeneous Warm Dense Matter
Creators: name: Casas, David
name: Andreev, Alexander A.
name: Schnürer, Matthias
name: Barriga-Carrasco, Manuel D.
name: Morales, Roberto
name: González-Gallego, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stopping power of Warm Dense Matter (WDM) is estimated by means of the individual contributions of free electrons and bound electrons existing in this special kind of matter, located between classical and degenerate plasmas. For free electrons, the dielectric formalism, well described in our studies, is used to estimate the free electron stopping power. For bound electrons, the mean excitation energy of ions is used. Excitation energies are obtained through atomic calculations of the whole atom or, shell by shell in order to estimate their stopping power. Influence of temperature and density is analyzed in case of an impinging projectile. This influence becomes important for low projectile velocities and is negligible for high ones. Using free and bound electron analysis, the stopping power of an extended WDM is inferred from a dynamical calculation of energy transferred from the projectile to the plasma, where the Bragg peak and stopping range are calculated. Finally, this theoretical framework is used to study a typical plasma density profile of a WDM heated by lasers.
description: Number of manuscript pages = 16; Number of figures = 9
Viewpoints on Regaining Relevancy
Creators: name: Malizia, Emil
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In this piece, four planners from a diversity of backgrounds provide their views on the role and future of the planning profession. At times provocative and critical of the profession, these contributions are meant to encourage and provoke further conversation surrounding the purpose of our profession and the changes we need to make. Contains the following: Recovering What Makes Planning Relevant; Planners and Planning Trying to Find Their Way in the World; Empowering the Planning Profession; A View from a Private Sector/Public Sector Planner
2004 DCRP Best Master’s Project: Historic Rehabilitation: An Important Economic Development Tool for North Carolina
Creators: name: Moraites, Robynn E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Tax incentives for historic rehabilitation can promote central-city economic development around legacy sites that otherwise would go neglected under inexorable and institutionalized suburbanization. North Carolina has had some success with its historic rehabilitation tax credit, but it could learn from other states’ experiences in improving this program.
Book review: Bazzani, G. (2020) When money changes society: The case of Sardex money as community
Creators: name: Blanc, Jérôme
Publisher: name: International Journal of Community Currency Research (IJCCR)
Year: 2021
Subjects: G. Bazzani
societal change
Sardex money
community

description: This book is based on a doctoral dissertation in Social and politicalchange, undertaken at the Universities of Torino and Firenze under thesupervision of Carlo Trigilia. It explores how “money changes society”by focusing on the specific case of Sardex, which started in Sardiniasince 2009 as a business-to-business mutual credit system (introducingover the years the possibility of partial wage payments in sardex),and whose rapid success was acclaimed. At the time of writing, theSardex network included nearly 4000 member companies, withtransactions amounting to an equivalent of 80 Mn euros.
An [imaginary time] Schrödinger approach to mean field games
Creators: name: Swiecicki, Igor
name: Gobron, Thierry
name: Ullmo, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mean Field Games (MFG) provide a theoretical frame to model socio-economic systems. In this letter, we study a particular class of MFG which shows strong analogies with the {\em non-linear Schrödinger and Gross-Pitaevski equations} introduced in physics to describe a variety of physical phenomena ranging from deep-water waves to interacting bosons. Using this bridge many results and techniques developed along the years in the latter context can be transferred to the former. As an illustration, we study in some details an example in which the "players" in the mean field game are under a strong incentive to coordinate themselves.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, should interest people working in both the physical and economical community
Benefits and Drawbacks of the National Flood Insurance Program
Creators: name: Edelstein, Merryl
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1976

description: As amended by the 1973 Flood Disaster Protection Act, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) offers communities across the country insurance protection against flood damages in return for the institution of land-use controls guiding development away from flood-hazard areas. The bargain seems fair on the surface, and many communities have subsequently enrolled, but growing doubts as to the program's efficiency and equitability now lead many to conclude that enrollment in NFIP is, in many instances, undesireable. What are the actual consequences for development implied by NFIP? Is the insurance end of the program working at odds with the land-use control aspect? What does the act imply for a town whose business district lies wholly or partially within the 100-year floodplain*? While it is too early to give definite answers to these questions, a careful examination of the flood insurance program points to a number of possible problems.
Melancholie im Mittelalter. Eine antike Tradition als Vorentwurf der Moderne
Creators: name: Jansen, Daria Norma
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Humoralpathologie , Theophrast , Thomas von Aquin , Genie , Acedia , Sünde , Wahnsinn , Intellekt
subject: 100
subject: 800
subject: Temperamentenlehre
subject: Hildegard von Bingen
subject: Masilio Ficino
subject: black bile
subject: genius
subject: Saturn
subject: Schwarze Galle
subject: sin
subject: insanity
subject: Mittagsdämon
subject: melancholic temper
subject: humoral pathology
subject: intellect
subject: introspection

description: Die Bedeutungsnuancen mittelalterlicher Melancholie werden im Spiegel antiker Humoralpathologie und mit Ausblick auf den Geniediskurs der Renaissance beleuchtet, ohne dabei eine gradlinige historische Entwicklung zu suggerieren. Im Mittelalter lassen sich drei zentrale Entwicklungslinien der Melancholie nachzeichnen: (1) In der Humoralpathologie wird die Melancholie zum Sammelbecken unterschiedlichster Wahnvorstellungen. (2) Im Kontext der Temperamentenlehre wird die Melancholie zu einem Wesensmerkmal. (3) In der Astrologie wird Melancholie mit den Einflüssen Saturns assoziiert und avanciert zum kosmologischen Fatum. Parallel zur Melancholie steht im Mittelalter der Begriff der Acedia. Anders als die äußerliche Symptomatik der Melancholie bezeichnet diese ‚Mönchskrankheit‘ einen inneren Kampf der Seele. Die isolierende Innerlichkeit des modernen Melancholikers scheint Parallelen zu Bedeutungsvarianten der Acedia aufzuweisen und lässt somit die langzeitliche Wirkung eines mittelalterlichen Vorstellungsgehalts vermuten.
description: In the Middle Ages, the term melancholy is granted various shades of meaning. These different semantic nuances will be described while considering the influence of ancient humoral pathology as well as the unfolding of the melancholic genius in the Renaissance. In doing so, there is no suggestion of a straight-line historic development. The German Middle Ages reveal three significant lines of development: (1) In humoral pathology melancholy is judged as a compound of various mental illnesses. (2) The melancholic type is gradually understood as a specific temper. (3) In Medieval astrology melancholy is associated with the influence of Saturn. Parallel to melancholy stands the term acedia. In contrast to the visible symptoms of melancholy, acedia refers to an internal struggle of the soul. The isolating introspection that characterizes the modern melancholic seems to reflect this side of acedia, which might indicate the long-lasting impact of a Medieval idea.
Overcoming Obstacles to Colour-Kinematics Duality at Two Loops
Creators: name: Mogull, Gustav
name: O'Connell, Donal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of colour-kinematics duality has allowed great progress in our understanding of the UV structure of gravity. However, it has proven difficult to find numerators which satisfy colour-kinematics duality in certain cases. We discuss obstacles to building a set of such numerators in the context of the five-gluon amplitude with all helicities positive at two loops. We are able to overcome the obstacles by adding more loop momentum to our numerator to accommodate tension between the values of certain cuts and the symmetries of certain diagrams. At the same time, we maintain control over the size of our ansatz by identifying a highly constraining but desirable symmetry property of our master numerator. The resulting numerators have twelve powers of loop momenta rather than the seven one would expect from the Feynman rules.
description: 21 pages + refs, 2 figures, 2 tables + ancillary file; v2 updated references
Book Review: A Legal Guide to Urban and Sustainable Development for Planners, Developers and Architects
Creators: name: Bishop, Bill
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This newly published book is much more than the title implies. More than a legal text or reference detailing the various requirements, pitfalls and strategies associated with contemporary development patterns, it is a survey of real-world design, development, operating and management experience from a wide range of professional perspectives. As the authors write, “This book is mostly about the practical application of realworld legal solutions to typical problems encountered in building urban and sustainable development.”
Patterns of Use in Main Street Activity: A Case Study of Downtown Chapel Hill
Creators: name: Krizek, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: With increasing growth in suburban fringes, many downtown areas are faced with challenges to maintain their vitality. A thriving business district, a center focus for the community, and the opportunity to walk from shop to shop are common features that help maintain such vitality. While many of these features are dependent upon larger and more complex factors such as economic conditions, coordinated planning efforts, and striking the correct mix of retail, other aspects, including the physical surroundings, how people use downtown public space, and the safety of pedestrian access, are often overlooked. Unsuccessful public spaces in many cities may be a result of this lack of concern with the quality of human use and activity. To address this problem, researchers have examined how pedestrians use urban (and small town) public spaces to improve the quality of those spaces for the pedestrian. This paper continues that research by using Chapel Hill, North Carolina as a case study to examine the relationships between patterns of use, the downtown physical environment, and the time of day. I conclude that increased awareness of commonly overlooked items could lead to important improvements in the total pedestrian environment, thereby leading to increased downtown livability and vitality.
Disposition Formation and Outcome Evaluation
Creators: name: Grizzard, Matthew
name: Frazer, Rebecca
name: Francemone, Charles
name: Fitzgerald, Kaitlin
name: Henry, Christina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Art and Design
subject: Film and Media Studies
subject: Communication
subject: Mass Communication
subject: Other Film and Media Studies
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Interdisciplinary Arts and Media
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: A test of ADT
Excitatory/Inhibitory Balance Emerges as a Key Factor for RBN Performance, Overriding Attractor Dynamics
Creators: name: Calvet, Emmanuel
name: Rouat, Jean
name: Reulet, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reservoir computing provides a time and cost-efficient alternative to traditional learning methods.Critical regimes, known as the "edge of chaos," have been found to optimize computational performance in binary neural networks. However, little attention has been devoted to studying reservoir-to-reservoir variability when investigating the link between connectivity, dynamics, and performance. As physical reservoir computers become more prevalent, developing a systematic approach to network design is crucial. In this article, we examine Random Boolean Networks (RBNs) and demonstrate that specific distribution parameters can lead to diverse dynamics near critical points. We identify distinct dynamical attractors and quantify their statistics, revealing that most reservoirs possess a dominant attractor. We then evaluate performance in two challenging tasks, memorization and prediction, and find that a positive excitatory balance produces a critical point with higher memory performance. In comparison, a negative inhibitory balance delivers another critical point with better prediction performance. Interestingly, we show that the intrinsic attractor dynamics have little influence on performance in either case.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
X-ray, UV and optical analysis of supergiants: $ε$ Ori
Creators: name: Puebla, Raul E.
name: Hillier, D. John
name: Zsargó, Janos
name: Cohen, David H.
name: Leutenegger, Maurice A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-wavelength (X-ray to optical) analysis, based on non-local thermodynamic equilibrium photospheric+wind models, of the B0 Ia-supergiant: $ε$~Ori. The aim is to test the consistency of physical parameters, such as the mass-loss rate and CNO abundances, derived from different spectral bands. The derived mass-loss rate is $\dot{M}/\sqrt{f_\infty}\sim$1.6$\times$10$^{-6}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ where $f_\infty$ is the volume filling factor. However, the S IV $λλ$1062,1073 profiles are too strong in the models; to fit the observed profiles it is necessary to use $f_\infty
description: 33 pages, 25 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Some Thoughts From the President: An Interview with Norman Krumholz
Creators: name: Walter, Heidi
name: Berusch, Russell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: Norman Krumholz has recently been elected president of the American Planning Association (APA). He served as Cleveland, Ohio's Planning Director from 1969 to 1979, and is now director of the Center for Neighborhood Development at Cleveland State University. Mr. Krumholz's primary professional concern involves working at the neighborhood level with lower income people in hopes of improving their living environments. He proudly admits to be a staunch advocate of rights for low-income people.
On the average distribution of divisors of friable numbers
Creators: name: Drappeau, Sary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N25

description: A number is said to be $y$-friable if it has no prime factor greater than $y$. In this paper, we prove a central limit theorem on average for the distribution of divisors of $y$-friable numbers less than $x$, for all $(x, y)$ satisfying $2\leq y \leq {\rm e}^{(\log x)/(\log\log x)^{1+\varepsilon}}$. This was previously known under the additional constraint $y\geq {\rm e}^{(\log\log x)^{5/3+\varepsilon}}$, by work of Basquin. Our argument relies on the two-variable saddle-point method.
Breaking Rayleigh's law with spatially correlated disorder to control phonon transport
Creators: name: Thébaud, Simon
name: Lindsay, Lucas
name: Berlijn, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling thermal transport in insulators and semiconductors is crucial for many technological fields such as thermoelectrics and thermal insulation, for which a low thermal conductivity ($κ$) is desirable. A major obstacle for realizing low $κ$ materials is Rayleigh's law, which implies that acoustic phonons, which carry most of the heat, are insensitive to scattering by point defects at low energy. We demonstrate, with large scale simulations on tens of millions of atoms, that isotropic long-range spatial correlations in the defect distribution can dramatically reduce phonon lifetimes of important low-frequency heat-carrying modes, leading to a large reduction of $κ$ -- potentially an order of magnitude at room temperature. We propose a general and quantitative framework for controlling thermal transport in complex functional materials through structural spatial correlations, and we establish the optimal functional form of spatial correlations that minimize $κ$. We end by briefly discussing experimental realizations of various correlated structures.
Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of the Center for Urban and Regional Studies
Creators: name: Patrone, Anne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In recognition of the 50th anniversary of the Center for Urban and Regional studies, Anne Patrone wrote a detailed history focusing on the legacy of the Center, its work, and its people. The following is an abbreviated version of this retrospective.
Voice changes related to perceived indoor environmental quality and man-made mineral fibers: A field study in Finnish teachers
Creators: name: Vertanen-Greis, Hanna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Public Health
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Otolaryngology

description: In this study, we assessed changes in voice in relation to perceived indoor environmental quality and mineral fibers. The authors are as follows; Hanna Vertanen-Greis, Phd, Sirkku Häkkilä, MSc, Eliisa Löyttyniemi, MSc, Ahmed Geneid, PhD, and Juha Vintturi, PhD
New Urbanism Comes of Age: Neotraditional Zoning Codes
Creators: name: Hurley, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Over the past few years, "New Urbanism" and "neotraditionalism" have garnered much popular and critical attention (Duggleby 1997, Kunstler 1993, and Southworth 1997). One Commentator has called it the "latest urban planning fad'" (CTToole 1997). Municipalities are beginning to incorporate New Urbanist principles into their development regulations. In this article, I will first review the basic principles of New Urbanism and discuss legal principles that apply to New Urbanist zoning codes. Secondly, I will describe the two primary ways municipalities have incorporated those principles into their development regulations: (1) by re-writing their zoning and subdivision codes according to New Urbanist guidelines and (2) by adding "Traditional Neighborhood Districts" to their list of allowed zoning districts. Based on conversations with practitioners involved in writing and administering neotraditional development codes, I will also discuss the reasons towns have adopted New Urbanist codes, the processes they have used to write and pass New Urbanist codes, and their experiences using these codes.
Recent Cases of the Progressive City
Creators: name: Clavel, Pierre
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: What makes a city "progressive"? In this article Pierre Clavel defines a progressive city by documenting recent cases in cities across the country. Two dimensions underlie the progressive city movement: the desire for greater citizen participation and the desire for redistribution of wealth. Clavel describes how these dimensions were translated into successfu program initiatives in cities such as Berkeley, Santa Monica, and Chicago.
The Legal Issues of Serving New Development
Creators: name: Snyder, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: Special assessments, exactions, and development fees are quickly becoming popular among cities with development pressure. This article discusses the limitations the courts place on the use of such financing for infrastructure, thus giving guidance to local officials. Many of the limitations on private financing involve drawing fine legal distinctions in wide "gray" areas, or making decisions when the courts future direction is uncertain. If local officials are to make informed decisions in such situations, they must understand some of the legal reasoning that underlies private financing.
Book Review: Crawfish Bottom
Creators: name: Nerz, Patrick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In his book Crawfish Bottom, Douglas Boyd explores the history of a Frankfort, Kentucky neighborhood forever erased from physical space. Boyd’s colorful descriptions, which often read more like a movie script than a synthesis of oral histories, provide readers with a rich and insightful understanding of the Crawfish Bottom community. Crawfish Bottom was originally settled in the aftermath of the Civil War; freed men and women located in the neighborhood because housing was inexpensive due to frequent and destructive floods from the Kentucky River. The neighborhood became synonymous with crime, vice, and poverty seemingly from inception. This reputation ultimately made the neighborhood a prime target for demolition during urban renewal in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
The entanglement of distillation for gauge theories
Creators: name: Van Acoleyen, Karel
name: Bultinck, Nick
name: Haegeman, Jutho
name: Marien, Michael
name: Scholz, Volkher B.
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement structure of lattice gauge theories from the local operational point of view, and, similar to Soni and Trivedi (arXiv:1510.07455), we show that the usual entanglement entropy for a spatial bipartition can be written as the sum of an undistillable gauge part and of another part corresponding to the LOCC distillable entanglement, which is obtained by depolarizing the local superselection sectors. We demonstrate that the distillable entanglement is zero for pure abelian gauge theories in the weak coupling limit, while it is in general nonzero for the nonabelian case. We also consider gauge theories with matter, and show in a perturbative approach how area laws -- including a topological correction -- emerge for the distillable entanglement.
description: v2: corrected statement concerning strong subadditivity, and added an example showing that the distillable entanglement fails to fulfil subadditivity