cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Driving Impact: A policy brief on Social entrepreneurship
Creators: name: Garcia, Ellen
name: Ventura, Ona
name: Arévalo, Helena
name: Vilafranca, Júlia
name: Petrova, Selena
name: Karadzhinova, Monika
name: Zlatova, Khrystyna
name: Manesiotis, Emmanouil
name: Konstantopoulos, Panagiotis
name: Mouchakis, Vasileios
name: Bonaita, Sara
name: Bonito, Sabino Marco
name: Bonito, Cristina
name: Gallo, Florian
name: Pikiou, Maria Aikaterini
name: Giouskaeva, Anastasia
name: Panousi, Virginia
name: Grigoropoulou, Maria Nefeli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education policy
Entrepreneurship
Social policy

description: The term 'social enterprise' was first used in Italy at the end of the 1980s to refer to a number of newly established private initiatives directly engaged in the production of social services and in productive activities aimed at promoting the employment of disadvantaged people. Initially, they were often started and run by volunteers, and during the 1990-2000 decade the concept of social enterprise was used with increasing frequency in other countries, European and non. Over time, the term has been increasingly used in both scientific and legislative circles, also to qualify entrepreneurial initiatives in sectors other than their original ones, engaged in the production of an increasingly wide range of goods and services. It is thus increasingly not the goods and services produced that define an enterprise as social, but rather the objectives and the way in which production is carried out. The most complete definition of a social enterprise, capable of taking into account the most recent developments, is the one drawn up at the end of the 1990s by the Emes network (Borzaga & Defourny, 2001; Defourny & Nyssens, 2008), which is articulated along two dimensions: the economic-entrepreneurial and the social. The former requires the existence of four requirements: a production of goods and/or services in a continuous and professional form; a high degree of autonomy in both establishment and management; the assumption by the founders and owners of a significant level of economic risk; the presence, alongside volunteers or users, of a certain number of paid workers. The social dimension, on the other hand, requires the possession of the following characteristics: having the explicit objective of producing benefits for the community as a whole or for disadvantaged groups; being a collective initiative, having governance entrusted exclusively or predominantly to stakeholders other than the owners of the capital; ensure broad participation in decision-making processes, provide for non-distributability of profits, or at most limited distributability.
Simplify proposal for realizing multiqubit tunable phase gate in circuit QED
Creators: name: Li, Wen-An
name: Chen, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to realize a multiqubit tunable phase gate in a circuit QED setup where two resonators, each coupling with a qudit, are interconnected to a common qudit (d=4). In this proposal, only two levels of each qudit serve as the logical states and the other two levels are used for the gate realization. The proposal is efficient and simple because only a classical microwave pulse is needed, no matter how many qudits are involved, which significantly reduces experimental difficulty. In a nonresonant case, the tunable phase gate can be achieved readily, while under the resonant condition, a π-phase gate can be realized after a full cycle of Rabi oscillation where the gate speed is rather fast due to the resonant interaction. We have shown that the resulting effective dynamics allows for the creation of a high-fidelity phase gate. The influence of various decoherence processes such as the decay of the resonator mode and the relaxation of the qudits is investigated. Moreover, the proposed scheme can be easily generalized to realize N-qubit phase gate.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Shockley-Queisser Model: Analytical Solution, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics
Creators: name: Sergeev, A.
name: Sablon, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact analytical solution of the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) model and present all photovoltaic (PV) characteristics in compact and convenient form via the Lambert W function. We show that the SQ condition of chemical of equilibrium between photocarriers and emitted phonons leads to a new thermodynamic relation between the maximal conversion efficiency and the photo-induced chemical potential. Also, we consider kinetics of PV conversion and establish relation between the photocarrier collection time and photocarrier lifetime. We consider photonic and electronic requirements for approaching of SQ limit in semiconductor PV devices and highlight a role of photon reabsorption.
Universal nature of replica symmetry breaking in quantum systems with Gaussian disorder
Creators: name: Itoi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44

description: We study quantum spin systems with quenched Gaussian disorder. We prove that the variance of all physical quantities in a certain class vanishes in the infinite volume limit. We study also replica symmetry breaking phenomena, where the variance of an overlap operator in the other class does not vanish in the replica symmetric Gibbs state. On the other hand, it vanishes in a spontaneous replica symmetry breaking Gibbs state defined by applying an infinitesimal replica symmetry breaking field. We prove also that the finite variance of the overlap operator in the replica symmetric Gibbs state implies the existence of a spontaneous replica symmetry breaking.
description: 19 pages
Flavor and topological current correlators in parity-invariant three-dimensional QED
Creators: name: Karthik, Nikhil
name: Narayanan, Rajamani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use lattice regularization to study the flow of the flavor-triplet fermion current central charge $C^f_J$ from its free field value in the ultraviolet limit to its conformal value in the infrared limit of the parity-invariant three-dimensional QED with two flavors of two-component fermions. The dependence of $C^f_J$ on the scale is weak with a tendency to be below the free field value at intermediate distances. Our numerical data suggests that the flavor-triplet fermion current and the topological current correlators become degenerate within numerical errors in the infra-red limit, thereby supporting an enhanced O(4) symmetry predicted by strong self-duality. Further, we demonstrate that fermion dynamics is necessary for the scale-invariant behavior of parity-invariant three-dimensional QED by showing that the pure gauge theory with non-compact gauge action has non-zero bilinear condensate.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Scalable High-Precision Trimming of Photonic Resonances by Polymer Exposure to Energetic Beams
Creators: name: Nikolaos Farmakidis
name: Hao Yu
name: June Sang Lee
name: Johannes Feldmann
name: Mengyun Wang
name: Yuhan He
name: Samarth Aggarwal
name: Bowei Dong
name: Wolfram H. P. Pernice
name: Harish Bhaskaran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Integrated photonic circuits (PICs) have seen an explosion in interest, through to commercialization in the past decade. Most PICs rely on sharp resonances to modulate, steer, and multiplex signals. However, the spectral characteristics of high-quality resonances are highly sensitive to small variations in fabrication and material constants, which limits their applicability. Active tuning mechanisms are commonly employed to account for such deviations, consuming energy and occupying valuable chip real estate. Readily employable, accurate, and highly scalable mechanisms to tailor the modal properties of photonic integrated circuits are urgently required. Here, we present an elegant and powerful solution to achieve this in a scalable manner during the semiconductor fabrication process using existing lithography tools: by exploiting the volume shrinkage exhibited by certain polymers to permanently modulate the waveguide’s effective index. This technique enables broadband and lossless tuning with immediate applicability in wide-ranging applications in optical computing, telecommunications, and free-space optics.

Supportive Information: https://zenodo.org/records/13468400
Decay of correlations in 2D quantum systems with continuous symmetry
Creators: name: Benassi, Costanza
name: Froehlich, Juerg
name: Ueltschi, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a large class of models of two-dimensional quantum lattice systems with continuous symmetries, and we prove a general McBryan-Spencer-Koma-Tasaki theorem concerning algebraic decay of correlations. We present applications of our main result to the Heisenberg-, Hubbard-, and t-J models, and to certain models of random loops.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Quantum fluctuating geometries and the information paradox
Creators: name: Eyheralde, Rodrigo
name: Campiglia, Miguel
name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Hawking radiation on the quantum space-time of a collapsing null shell. We use the geometric optics approximation as in Hawking's original papers to treat the radiation. The quantum space-time is constructed by superposing the classical geometries associated with collapsing shells with uncertainty in their position and mass. We show that there are departures from thermality in the radiation even though we are not considering back reaction. One recovers the usual profile for the Hawking radiation as a function of frequency in the limit where the space-time is classical. However, when quantum corrections are taken into account, the profile of the Hawking radiation as a function of time contains information about the initial state of the collapsing shell. More work will be needed to determine if all the information can be recovered. The calculations show that non-trivial quantum effects can occur in regions of low curvature when horizons are involved, as for instance advocated in the firewall scenario.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, removed extra figure in previous version and made small changes
Quasi-stationary states in nonlocal stochastic growth models with infinitely many absorbing states
Creators: name: Jara, D. A. C.
name: Alcaraz, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two parameter ($u,p$) extension of the conformally invariant raise and peel model. The model also represents a nonlocal and biased-asymmetric exclusion process with local and nonlocal jumps of excluded volume particles in the lattice. The model exhibits an unusual and interesting critical phase where, in the bulk limit, there are an infinite number of absorbing states. In spite of these absorbing states the system stays, during a time that increases exponentially with the lattice size, in a critical quasi-stationary state. In this critical phase the critical exponents depend only on one of the parameters defining the model ($u$). The endpoint of this critical phase belongs to a distinct universality class, where the system changes from an active to an inactive frozen state. This new behavior we believe to be due to the appearance of Jordan cells in the Hamiltonian describing the time evolution. The dimensions of these cells increases with the lattice size. In a special case ($u=0$) where the model has no adsorptions we are able to calculate analytically the time evolution of some of the observables. A polynomial time dependence is obtained due to the Jordan cells structure of the Hamiltonian.
description: 26 pages 17 figures
Assessment of Microscopic Ion Beam Field Variation using Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detectors
Creators: name: Neuholz, Alexander
name: Greilich, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detectors (FNTDs) offer a superior, sub-micrometer spatial resolution that allows for single particle track detection. However, when assessing particle fluence from the measured track positions, discrimination of actual fluence patterns from stochastic fluctuations is necessary due to spatial randomness in particle arrival. This work quantifies the spatial limits of fluence-based dosimetry of (heavy) charged particles and presents the use of tools to detect deviation from homogenous (true) fluence in measured data. It is found that deviations in fluence (and hence dose) on a percent level cannot be detected in a carbon beam on scales smaller than several tens of a millimeter even when using dose levels of 1 Gy. For typical fluences measured with FNTDs, read-out area side-lengths should be larger than 0.2 mm to detect fluence differences of less than 5 %.
description: 19 pages, 6 pictures, 1 table, proceedings of the SSD18 (Munich, Germany), Article reference RM5729
Crystal growth and phase diagram of 112-type iron pnictide superconductor Ca1-yLayFe1-xNixAs2
Creators: name: Xie, Tao
name: Gong, Dongliang
name: Zhang, Wenliang
name: Gu, Yanhong
name: Husges, Zita
name: Chen, Dongfeng
name: Liu, Yuntao
name: Hao, Lijie
name: Meng, Siqin
name: Lu, Zhilun
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Luo, Huiqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a systematic crystal growth and characterization of Ca$_{1-y}$La$_{y}$Fe$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_{2}$, the newly discovered 112-type iron-based superconductor. After substituting Fe by a small amount of Ni, bulk superconductivity is successfully obtained in high quality single crystals sized up to 6 mm. Resistivity measurements indicate common features for transport properties in this 112-type iron pnictide, suggest strong scattering from chemical dopants. Together with the superconducting transition temperature $T_c$, and the Neel temperature $T_N$ determined by the elastic neutron scattering, we sketch a three-dimensional phase diagram in the combination of both Ni and La dopings.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Upper limit set by causality on the tidal deformability of a neutron star
Creators: name: Van Oeveren, Eric D.
name: Friedman, John L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A principal goal of gravitational-wave astronomy is to constrain the neutron star equation of state (EOS) by measuring the tidal deformability of neutron stars. The tidally induced departure of the waveform from that of point-particle (or spinless binary black hole (BBH)) increases with the stiffness of the EOS. We show that causality (the requirement that the speed of sound is less than the speed of light for a perfect fluid satisfying a one-parameter equation of state) places an upper bound on tidal deformability as a function of mass. Like the upper mass limit, the limit on deformabity is obtained by using an EOS with $v_{sound} = c$ for high densities and matching to a low density (candidate) EOS at a matching density of order nuclear saturation density. We use these results and those of [B.D. Lackey et al., Phys. Rev. D 89, 043009 (2014)] to estimate the resulting upper limit on the gravitational-wave phase shift of a black hole-neutron star (BHNS) binary relative to a BBH. Even for assumptions weak enough to allow an maximum mass of $4\ M_\odot$ (a match at nuclear saturation density to an unusually stiff low-density candidate EOS), the upper limit on dimensionless tidal deformability is stringent. It leads to a still more stringent estimated upper limit on the maximum tidally induced phase shift prior to merger. We comment in an appendix on the relation between causality, the condition $v_{sound} < c$, and the condition $dp/dε< 1$ for the effective EOS governing the equilibrium star.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures. Updated to more closely reflect published version
Radical Constructivism - a hollow shell?
Creators: name: Janew, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220314 Philosophy of Mind (excl. Cognition)
subject: 220312 Philosophy of Cognition

description: Radical constructivists do not speak of creating reality, but of constructing reality. What is the difference?
Rural Electrification in the United States: A Bibliography of Selected References
Creators: name: Davis, Elizabeth Gould
name: Davis, Elizabeth Gould
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1954
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpt from the Preface: This list contains selected references to material on the historical, sociological, economic, and philosophical aspects of rural electrification in the United States. The bulk of the material appeared between 1933 and 1953, but some of the more important developments before 1933 are included. Technical and engineering phases of rural electrification are included only when there is a direct bearing on costs or other factors affecting distribution of electricity. Appliances and their use are included when their effects on farm production and rural life are emphasized.
Measurement of the top quark mass in the dileptonic t t-bar decay channel using the mass observables M[bl], M[T2], and M[blnu] in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the top quark mass (M[t]) in the dileptonic t t-bar decay channel is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data was recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 +/- 0.5 inverse femtobarns. Events are selected with two oppositely charged leptons (l = e, mu) and two jets identified as originating from b quarks. The analysis is based on three kinematic observables whose distributions are sensitive to the value of M[t]. An invariant mass observable, M[bl], and a `stransverse mass' observable, M[T2], are employed in a simultaneous fit to determine the value of M[t] and an overall jet energy scale factor (JSF). A complementary approach is used to construct an invariant mass observable, M[blnu], that is combined with M[T2] to measure M[t]. The shapes of the observables, along with their evolutions in M[t] and JSF, are modeled by a nonparametric Gaussian process regression technique. The sensitivity of the observables to the value of M[t] is investigated using a Fisher information density method. The top quark mass is measured to be 172.22 +/- 0.18 (stat) +0.89/-0.93 (syst) GeV.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-15-008
Analytical derivative coupling for multistate CASPT2 theory
Creators: name: Park, Jae Woo
name: Shiozaki, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability of non-radiative transitions in photochemical dynamics is determined by the derivative couplings, the couplings between different electronic states through the nuclear degrees of freedom. Efficient and accurate evaluation of the derivative couplings is, therefore, of central importance to realize reliable computer simulations of photochemical reactions. In this work, the derivative couplings for multistate multireference second-order perturbation theory (MS-CASPT2) and its 'extended' variant (XMS-CASPT2) are studied, in which we present an algorithm for their analytical evaluation. The computational costs for evaluating the derivative couplings are essentially the same as those for calculating the nuclear energy gradients. The geometries and energies calculated with XMS-CASPT2 for small molecules at minimum energy conical intersections (MECIs) are in good agreement with those computed by multireference configuration interaction. As numerical examples, MECIs are optimized using XMS-CASPT2 for stilbene and a GFP model chromophore (the 4-para-hydroxybenzylidene-1,2-dimethyl-imidazolin-5-one anion).
Jakość małżeństwa a styl pełnienia roli ojca
Creators: name: Weryszko, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego. Filia w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim
Year: 2021

description: Praca podejmuje tematykę z zakresu psychologii małżeństwa i rodziny - zagadnienie jakości małżeńskiej relacji oraz jej związku ze stylem pełnienia roli ojca. W oparciu o przeprowadzone badania 172 par małżeńskich, praca ukazuje, w jaki sposób zadowolenie z małżeństwa wiąże się z zaangażowaniem mężczyzn w pełnienie roli ojca oraz prezentuje typologię relacji ojcowskich u mężczyzn ze związków różniących się pod względem małżeńskiej jakości. Odpowiada na pytanie o oblicze współczesnego ojcostwa i charakter ojcowskiego zaangażowania w pełnienie roli rodzicielskiej, ukazuje różnice w ocenie zaangażowania w pełnienie roli ojca dokonanej przez mężczyzn i kobiety. Praca złożona jest z dwóch części, części teoretycznej (poświęconej tematyce małżeństwa, rodziny i ojcostwa) oraz części empirycznej, prezentującej przeprowadzone badania.
The surface code with a twist
Creators: name: Yoder, Theodore J.
name: Kim, Isaac H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface code is one of the most successful approaches to topological quantum error-correction. It boasts the smallest known syndrome extraction circuits and correspondingly largest thresholds. Defect-based logical encodings of a new variety called twists have made it possible to implement the full Clifford group without state distillation. Here we investigate a patch-based encoding involving a modified twist. In our modified formulation, the resulting codes, called triangle codes for the shape of their planar layout, have only weight-four checks and relatively simple syndrome extraction circuits that maintain a high, near surface-code-level threshold. They also use 25% fewer physical qubits per logical qubit than the surface code. Moreover, benefiting from the twist, we can implement all Clifford gates by lattice surgery without the need for state distillation. By a surgical transformation to the surface code, we also develop a scheme of doing all Clifford gates on surface code patches in an atypical planar layout, though with less qubit efficiency than the triangle code. Finally, we remark that logical qubits encoded in triangle codes are naturally amenable to logical tomography, and the smallest triangle code can demonstrate high-pseudothreshold fault-tolerance to depolarizing noise using just 13 physical qubits.
description: 10 pages + 6.5 page appendix, 23 figures
Light propagation in Swiss cheese models of random close-packed Szekeres structures: Effects of anisotropy and comparisons with perturbative results
Creators: name: Koksbang, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light propagation in two Swiss cheese models based on anisotropic Szekeres structures is studied and compared with light propagation in Swiss cheese models based on the Szekeres models' underlying LTB models. The study shows that the anisotropy of the Szekeres models has only a small effect on quantities such as redshift-distance relations, projected shear and expansion rate along individual light rays. \newline\indent The average angular diameter distance to the last scattering surface is computed for each model. Contrary to earlier studies, the results obtained here are (mostly) in agreement with perturbative results. In particular, a small negative shift, $δD_A:=\frac{D_A-D_{A,bg}}{D_{A,bg}}$, in the angular diameter distance is obtained upon line-of-sight averaging in three of the four models. The results are, however, not statistically significant. In the fourth model, there is a small positive shift which has an especially small statistical significance. The line-of-sight averaged inverse magnification at $z = 1100$ is consistent with $1$ to a high level of confidence for all models, indicating that the area of the surface corresponding to $z = 1100$ is close to that of the background.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D. v2: Typo in introduction fixed and references added to match published version
Interference phenomena in the decay $D^+_s\toηπ^0π^+$ induced by the $a^0_0(980)-f_0(980)$ mixing
Creators: name: Achasov, N. N.
name: Shestakov, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the data on the decay $D^+_s\to f_0(980)π^+\to K^+K^-π^+$, we estimate the amplitude of the process $D^+_s\to\left[f_0(980)\to (K^+K^-+K^0\bar K^0)\to a^0_0(980)\right]π^+\toηπ^0π^+$, caused by the mixing of $a^0_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ resonances that breaks the isotopic invariance due to the $K^+$ and $K^0$ meson mass difference. Effects of the interference of this amplitude with the amplitudes of the main mechanisms responsible for the decay $D^+_s \toηπ^0π^+$ are analyzed. As such mechanisms, we examine the transition $D^+_s\toηρ^+\toηπ^0π^+$, which is observed in experiment, and the possible transition $D^+_s\to\left(a^0_0(980) π^++a^+_0(980)π^0\right)\toηπ^0π^+$. It is shown that the rapidly varying phase of the $a^0_0(980)-f_0(980)$ transition amplitude strongly influences on the interference curves.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures; v2, replaced with the published version; typos corrected, clarifications and reference added
Single-Atom Scale Structural Selectivity in Te Nanowires Encapsulated inside Ultra-Narrow, Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Medeiros, Paulo V. C.
name: Marks, Samuel
name: Wynn, Jamie M.
name: Vasylenko, Andrij
name: Ramasse, Quentin M.
name: Quigley, David
name: Sloan, Jeremy
name: Morris, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme nanowires (ENs) represent the ultimate class of crystals: They are the smallest possible periodic materials. With atom-wide motifs repeated in one dimension (1D), they offer a privileged perspective into the Physics and Chemistry of low-dimensional systems. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) provide ideal environments for the creation of such materials. Here we present a comprehensive study of Te ENs encapsulated inside ultra- narrow SWCNTs with diameters between 0.7 nm and 1.1 nm. We combine state-of-the-art imaging techniques and 1D-adapted ab initio structure prediction to treat both confinement and periodicity effects. The studied Te ENs adopt a variety of structures, exhibiting a true 1D realisation of a Peierls structural distortion and transition from metallic to insulating behaviour as a function of encapsulating diameter. We analyse the mechanical stability of the encapsulated ENs and show that nanoconfinement is not only a useful means to produce ENs, but may actually be necessary, in some cases, to prevent them from disintegrating. The ability to control functional properties of these ENs with confinement has numerous applications in future device technologies, and we anticipate that our study will set the basic paradigm to be adopted in the characterisation and understanding of such systems.
Memory in de Sitter space and BMS-like supertranslations
Creators: name: Hamada, Yuta
name: Seo, Min-Seok
name: Shiu, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the memory effect in flat spacetime is parametrized by the BMS supertranslation. We investigate the relation between the memory effect and diffeomorphism in de Sitter spacetime. We find that gravitational memory is parametrized by a BMS-like supertranslation in the static patch of de Sitter spacetime. We also show a diffeomorphism that corresponds to gravitational memory in the Poincare/cosmological patch. Our method does not need to assume the separation between the source and the detector to be small compared with the Hubble radius, and can potentially be applicable to other FLRW universes, as well as "ordinary memory" mediated by massive messenger particles.
description: 19 pages, 1 figures, published version
The effective neutrino mass of neutrinoless double-beta decays: how possible to fall into a well
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
name: Zhao, Zhen-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If massive neutrinos are the Majorana particles and have a normal mass ordering, the effective mass term $\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}$ of a neutrinoless double-beta ($0ν2β$) decay may suffer significant cancellations among its three components and thus sink into a decline, resulting in a "well" in the three-dimensional graph of $|\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}|$ against the smallest neutrino mass $m^{}_1$ and the relevant Majorana phase $ρ$. We present a new and complete analytical understanding of the fine issues inside such a well, and discover a novel threshold of $|\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}|$ in terms of the neutrino masses and flavor mixing angles: $|\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}|^{}_* = m^{}_3 \sin^2θ^{}_{13}$ in connection with $\tanθ^{}_{12} = \sqrt{m^{}_1/m^{}_2}$ and $ρ=π$. This threshold point, which links the {\it local} minimum and maximum of $|\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}|$, can be used to signify observability or sensitivity of the future $0ν2β$-decay experiments. Given current neutrino oscillation data, the possibility of $|\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}| < |\langle m\rangle^{}_{ee}|^{}_*$ is found to be very small.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
Prediction of employment and unemployment rates from Twitter daily rhythms in the US
Creators: name: Bokányi, Eszter
name: Lábszki, Zoltán
name: Vattay, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: By modeling macro-economical indicators using digital traces of human activities on mobile or social networks, we can provide important insights to processes previously assessed via paper-based surveys or polls only. We collected aggregated workday activity timelines of US counties from the normalized number of messages sent in each hour on the online social network Twitter. In this paper, we show how county employment and unemployment statistics are encoded in the daily rhythm of people by decomposing the activity timelines into a linear combination of two dominant patterns. The mixing ratio of these patterns defines a measure for each county, that correlates significantly with employment ($0.46\pm0.02$) and unemployment rates ($-0.34\pm0.02$). Thus, the two dominant activity patterns can be linked to rhythms signaling presence or lack of regular working hours of individuals. The analysis could provide policy makers a better insight into the processes governing employment, where problems could not only be identified based on the number of officially registered unemployed, but also on the basis of the digital footprints people leave on different platforms.
Influence of Cooling Parameters on the Surface Layer Structure of Hot Working Tools
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Brunotte, Kai
name: Peddinghaus, Julius
name: Lorenz, Uwe
Publisher: name: Ostrava : TANGER Ltd.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bulk metal forming
subject: cooling
subject: surface zone rehardening
subject: wear
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The surface layer of hot working tools is subject to alternating thermo-mechanical loads during forging. It experiences a fast increase in temperature on contact with the heated billets, followed by a steep temperature decline during application of the spray-coolant. This can lead to a cyclic surface rehardening of the tool surface layer due to the formation of a martensitic structure, which can either delay or accelerate tool failure. The microstructural changes in the tool surface layer mainly depend on the thermal, mechanical and tribological loads during forging. The influence of these loads is of particular interest to understand the effect of cyclic surface rehardening. The goal of this research is to investigate the influence of cooling parameters on microstructural changes in the tool surface layer during die forging. Mechanical and tribological loads are kept constant while cooling parameters are varied. Three internal thermocouples are applied to forging tools to measure the base tool temperature. To keep the amount of lubricant in each forging cycle at constant levels, cooling and lubrication are separated by use of boron nitride as lubricant, which is applied by electrostatic adherence. For cooling, the duration of water application is varied while maintaining pressure and spray pattern. Fourtools with differenttool base temperatures are investigated and the influence of the thermal loads on the wear behaviour displayed.
Magnetic Bubble Chambers and Sub-GeV Dark Matter Direct Detection
Creators: name: Bunting, Philip C.
name: Gratta, Giorgio
name: Melia, Tom
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new application of single molecule magnet crystals: their use as "magnetic bubble chambers" for the direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter. The spins in these macroscopic crystals effectively act as independent nano-scale magnets. When anti-aligned with an external magnetic field they form meta-stable states with a relaxation time that can be very long at sufficiently low temperatures. The Zeeman energy stored in this system can be released through localized heating, caused for example by the scattering or absorption of dark matter, resulting in a spin avalanche (or "magnetic deflagration") that amplifies the effects of the initial heat deposit, enabling detection. Much like the temperature and pressure in a conventional bubble chamber, the temperature and external magnetic field set the detection threshold for a single molecule magnet crystal. We discuss this detector concept for dark matter detection and propose ways to ameliorate backgrounds. If successfully developed, this detector concept can search for hidden photon dark matter in the meV - eV mass range with sensitivities exceeding current bounds by several orders of magnitude.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures; v2 journal version
Comparison of the Joining Zone Development of Hybrid Semi-Finished Products after Different Extrusion Processes
Creators: name: Piweck, Armin
name: Uhe, Johanna
name: Peddinghaus, Julius
name: Ross, Ingo
name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
Publisher: name: Ostrava : TANGER Ltd.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: friction welding
subject: impact extrusion
subject: joining zone properties
subject: Multi material components
subject: tailored forming
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The use of hybrid semi-finished products made of aluminium and steel enables the production of components with locally adapted properties, i.e. high strength and wear-resistance with reduced weight. In the scope of this work, different impact extrusion processes for the forming of friction-welded hybrid semi-finished products consisting of steel (20MnCr5) and aluminium (EN AW-6082) were developed and experimentally implemented. The resulting material flows were intended to enable different joining zone geometries as well as to evaluate the influence of a thermo-mechanical treatment during the impact extrusion process on the quality of the joining zone. For this purpose, a full-forward extrusion, cup-backward extrusion, combined cup-backward-full-forward extrusion and a hollow-forward extrusion process were investigated. The evaluation of the resulting component quality was carried out based on metallographic images, which provide microstructural information about the forming-related influence on the friction welded joining zone. Based on the characteristic values determined, a correlation between the reproducibility and quality of the joining zone properties and the type of impact extrusion process is deduced. The backward extrusion processes have proven to be the best processes in terms of influencing the joining zone geometry. Further, the effect of forward extrusion showed no significant influence on the joining zone geometry, even resulting in a reduction of the joining zone formation in the combined cup-backward-full-forward extrusion process.
COVID-19 Experience in Nigeria, Recovery Strategies in Post Covid19 Era 15-Jul-2023 16-05-36(1).pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: COVID-19 pandemic stroke like an accident; impacted almost all facets of human endeavor, disrupted normalcy in both education and economic sectors, causing so much pain and stress. Some of the experiences in this sector are discussed in this paper. One fact that is clear to economists, psychologists and educationists among other stake holders is that there is always an aftermath of an event which could be positive or negative.
Universal Bounds for Large Determinants from Non-Commutative Hölder Inequalities in Fermionic Constructive Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Bru, J. -B.
name: Pedra, W. de Siqueira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T08, 82C22, 46L51, 81V70

description: Efficiently bounding large determinants is an essential step in non-relativistic fermionic constructive quantum field theory to prove the absolute convergence of the perturbation expansion of correlation functions in terms of powers of the strength $u\in \mathbb{R}$ of the interparticle interaction. We provide, for large determinants of fermionic convariances, sharp bounds which hold for all (bounded and unbounded, the latter not being limited to semibounded) one-particle Hamiltonians. We find the smallest universal determinant bound to be exactly $1$. In particular, the convergence of perturbation series at $u=0$ of any fermionic quantum field theory is ensured if the matrix entries, with respect to some fixed orthonormal basis, of the covariance and the interparticle interaction decay sufficiently fast. Our proofs use Hölder inequalities for general non-commutative $L^{p}$-spaces derived by Araki and Masuda.
Relative Property (T) for Nilpotent Subgroups
Creators: name: Chatterji, Indira
name: Morris, Dave Witte
name: Shah, Riddhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D10

description: We show that relative Property (T) for the abelianization of a nilpotent normal subgroup implies relative Property (T) for the subgroup itself. This and other results are a consequence of a theorem of independent interest, which states that if $H$ is a closed subgroup of a locally compact group $G$, and $A$ is a closed subgroup of the center of $H$, such that $A$ is normal in $G$, and $(G/A, H/A)$ has relative Property (T), then $(G, H^{(1)})$ has relative Property (T), where $H^{(1)}$ is the closure of the commutator subgroup of $H$. In fact, the assumption that $A$ is in the center of $H$ can be replaced with the weaker assumption that $A$ is abelian and every $H$-invariant finite measure on the unitary dual of $A$ is supported on the set of fixed points.
description: 30 pages, plus 10 pages of notes to aid the referee. Version 2 adds a section on relative Property (T) for subsets, in addition to minor corrections and improvements
Thermoelectric transport in disordered metals without quasiparticles: the SYK models and holography
Creators: name: Davison, Richard A.
name: Fu, Wenbo
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Gu, Yingfei
name: Jensen, Kristan
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the thermodynamic properties of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) models of fermions with a conserved fermion number, $\mathcal{Q}$. We extend a previously proposed Schwarzian effective action to include a phase field, and this describes the low temperature energy and $\mathcal{Q}$ fluctuations. We obtain higher-dimensional generalizations of the SYK models which display disordered metallic states without quasiparticle excitations, and we deduce their thermoelectric transport coefficients. We also examine the corresponding properties of Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theories on black brane geometries which interpolate from either AdS$_4$ or AdS$_5$ to an AdS$_2\times \mathbb{R}^2$ or AdS$_2\times \mathbb{R}^3$ near-horizon geometry. These provide holographic descriptions of non-quasiparticle metallic states without momentum conservation. We find a precise match between low temperature transport and thermodynamics of the SYK and holographic models. In both models the Seebeck transport coefficient is exactly equal to the $\mathcal{Q}$-derivative of the entropy. For the SYK models, quantum chaos, as characterized by the butterfly velocity and the Lyapunov rate, universally determines the thermal diffusivity, but not the charge diffusivity.
description: 57 pages, 6 figures; (v2) clarifications and refs
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALAR NUTQINI RIVOJLANTIRISH VAZIFALARI
Creators: name: Axmedova, Oygul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalar nutqi ularning umumiy rivojlanishida muhim o‘rin tutadi. Nutq rivojlanishi bolalarning fikrlash, muloqot va ijtimoiy ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirishda asosiy rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada bolalar nutqini rivojlantirish vazifalari va usullari haqida fikr yuritamiz.
Presentation: The Quality of Undergraduate Research Papers to be Published in Scientific Journal
Creators: name: Darban Haryanto
name: Danar Wicaksono
name: Sasmita, Ellen Rosyelina
name: Tuti Setyaningrum
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science. October 25, 2022
Deep Unfolding Multi-modal Image Fusion Network via Attribution Analysis
Creators: name: Bai, Haowen
name: Zhao, Zixiang
name: Zhang, Jiangshe
name: Jiang, Baisong
name: Deng, Lilun
name: Cui, Yukun
name: Xu, Shuang
name: Zhang, Chunxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-modal image fusion synthesizes information from multiple sources into a single image, facilitating downstream tasks such as semantic segmentation. Current approaches primarily focus on acquiring informative fusion images at the visual display stratum through intricate mappings. Although some approaches attempt to jointly optimize image fusion and downstream tasks, these efforts often lack direct guidance or interaction, serving only to assist with a predefined fusion loss. To address this, we propose an ``Unfolding Attribution Analysis Fusion network'' (UAAFusion), using attribution analysis to tailor fused images more effectively for semantic segmentation, enhancing the interaction between the fusion and segmentation. Specifically, we utilize attribution analysis techniques to explore the contributions of semantic regions in the source images to task discrimination. At the same time, our fusion algorithm incorporates more beneficial features from the source images, thereby allowing the segmentation to guide the fusion process. Our method constructs a model-driven unfolding network that uses optimization objectives derived from attribution analysis, with an attribution fusion loss calculated from the current state of the segmentation network. We also develop a new pathway function for attribution analysis, specifically tailored to the fusion tasks in our unfolding network. An attribution attention mechanism is integrated at each network stage, allowing the fusion network to prioritize areas and pixels crucial for high-level recognition tasks. Additionally, to mitigate the information loss in traditional unfolding networks, a memory augmentation module is incorporated into our network to improve the information flow across various network layers. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method's superiority in image fusion and applicability to semantic segmentation.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology (TCSVT) 2024
La scuola trentina tra guerra e primo dopoguerra (1914-1924)
Creators: name: Marangon, Paolo
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento. Dipartimento di Lettere e Filosofia
Year: 2017

description: Sulla base di una ricca documentazione inedita cinque specialisti ricostruiscono per la prima volta in modo completo il passaggio epocale della scuola trentina dall?Impero austro- ungarico al Regno d?Italia avvenuto durante e dopo la Grande Guerra. Il volume esamina, da prospettive diverse, le quattro fasi che scandiscono questo travagliato processo: dalla ?guerra tra le scuole? iniziata negli ultimi due decenni dell?Ottocento al coinvolgimento delle scuole nel primo conflitto mondiale, dalle controverse novit� dell?annessione al Regno d?Italia fino alla contrastata ricezione della riforma Gentile. Un?attenzione particolare � dedicata alla scuola tedesca in Trentino. Il libro rappresenta certamente un passo in avanti nel progresso degli studi e insieme una solida base per nuove prospettive di ricerca.