cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A parallel structured divide-and-conquer algorithm for symmetric tridiagonal eigenvalue problems
Creators: name: Liao, Xia
name: Li, Shengguo
name: Lu, Yutong
name: Roman, Jose E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a parallel structured divide-and-conquer (PSDC) eigensolver is proposed for symmetric tridiagonal matrices based on ScaLAPACK and a parallel structured matrix multiplication algorithm, called PSMMA. Computing the eigenvectors via matrix-matrix multiplications is the most computationally expensive part of the divide-and-conquer algorithm, and one of the matrices involved in such multiplications is a rank-structured Cauchy-like matrix. By exploiting this particular property, PSMMA constructs the local matrices by using generators of Cauchy-like matrices without any communication, and further reduces the computation costs by using a structured low-rank approximation algorithm. Thus, both the communication and computation costs are reduced. Experimental results show that both PSMMA and PSDC are highly scalable and scale to 4096 processes at least. PSDC has better scalability than PHDC that was proposed in [J. Comput. Appl. Math. 344 (2018) 512--520] and only scaled to 300 processes for the same matrices. Comparing with \texttt{PDSTEDC} in ScaLAPACK, PSDC is always faster and achieves $1.4$x--$1.6$x speedup for some matrices with few deflations. PSDC is also comparable with ELPA, with PSDC being faster than ELPA when using few processes and a little slower when using many processes.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Uncertainty relations in models of market microstructure
Creators: name: Theodosopoulos, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60K35; 91B26

description: This paper presents a new interacting particle system and uses it as a spin model for financial market microstructure. The asymptotic analysis of this stochastic process exhibits a lower bound to the contemporaneous measurement of price and trading volume under the invariant measure in the `frozen' phase of the supercritical regime.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, presented at the 1st Bonzenfreies Colloquium on Market Dynamics and Quantitative Economics
Resonance Patterns in a Stadium-shaped Microcavity
Creators: name: Lee, Soo-Young
name: Kurdoglyan, M. S.
name: Rim, Sunghwan
name: Kim, Chil-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate resonance patterns in a stadium-shaped microcavity around $n_ck R \simeq 10$, where $n_c$ is the refractive index, $k$ the vacuum wavenumber, and $R$ the radius of the circular part of the cavity. We find that the patterns of high $Q$ resonances can be classified, even though the classical dynamics of the stadium system is chaotic. The patterns of the high $Q$ resonances are consistent with the ray dynamical consideration, and appears as the stationary lasing modes with low pumping rate in the nonlinear dynamical model. All resonance patterns are presented in a finite range of $kR$.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Molecular Line Observations of Carbon-Chain-Producing Regions L1495B and L1521B
Creators: name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Maezawa, Hiroyuki
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first comprehensive study on physical and chemical properties of quiescent starless cores L1495B and L1521B, which are known to be rich in carbon-chain molecules like the cyanopolyyne peak of TMC-1 and L1521E. We have detected radio spectral lines of various carbon-chain molecules such as CCS, C$_{3}$S, C$_{4}$H, HC$_{3}$N, and HC$_{5}$N. On the other hand, the NH$_{3}$ lines are weak and the N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ lines are not detected. According to our mapping observations of the HC$_{3}$N, CCS, and C$_{3}$S lines, the dense cores in L1495B and L1521B are compact with the radius of 0.063 and 0.044 pc, respectively, and have a simple elliptical structure. The distributions of CCS seem to be different from those of well-studied starless cores, L1498 and L1544, where the distribution of CCS shows a shell-like structure. Since the H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$, HN$^{13}$C, and C$^{34}$S lines are detected in L1495B and L1521B, the densities of these cores are high enough to excite the NH$_{3}$ and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ lines. Therefore, the abundances of NH$_{3}$ and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ relative to carbon-chain molecules are apparently deficient, as observed in L1521E. We found that longer carbon-chain molecules such as HC$_{5}$N and C$_{4}$H are more abundant in TMC-1 than L1495B and L1521B, while those of sulfur-bearing molecules such as C$^{34}$S, CCS, and C$_{3}$S are comparable. Both distributions and abundances of the observed molecules of L1495B and L1521B are quite similar to those of L1521E, strongly suggesting that L1495B and L1521B is in a very early stage of physical and chemical evolution.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted to The Astrophysical Journal
KOF Analysen
Creators: name: KOF Konjunkturforschungsstelle der ETH Zürich
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2007
Subjects: Konjunktur
Konjunkturvorhersagen
Konjunkturprognosen
Konjunkturpolitik
Konjunkturzyklus
Schweiz (Mitteleuropa), Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
Economic cycle
Business cycle forecasts
Trade cycle forecasts
Stabilization policy
Business cycle
Switzerland (Central Europe), Swiss Confederation
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/330
Economics

description: KOF Analysen
description: ISSN:1662-3517
Inflation parameters from Gauss-Bonnet braneworld
Creators: name: Kim, Hungsoo
name: Kim, Kyong Hee
name: Lee, Hyung Won
name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio for patch inflation arisen from the Gauss-Bonnet braneworld scenario. The patch cosmological models consist of Gauss-Bonnet (GB), Randall-Sundrum (RS), and 4D general relativistic (GR) cases. In order to compare with the observation data, we perform leading-order calculations for all patch models by choosing large-field, small-field, and hybrid potentials. We show that the large-field potentials are sensitive to a given patch model, while the small-field and hybrid potentials are insensitive to a given patch model. It is easier to discriminates between quadratic potential and quartic potential in the GB model rather than RS and GR models. Irrespective of patch models, it turns out that the small-field potentials are the promising models in view of the observation.
description: 13 pages, version to appear in PLB
Shear Excitation of Confined Colloidal Suspensions
Creators: name: Cohen, Itai
name: Mason, Thomas G.
name: Weitz, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that geometric confinement dramatically affects the shear-induced configurations of dense mono-disperse colloidal suspensions; a new structure emerges, where layers of particles buckle to stack in a more efficient packing. The volume fraction in the shear zone is controlled by a balance between the viscous stresses and the osmotic pressure of a contacting reservoir of unsheared particles. We present a model that accounts for our observations and helps elucidate the complex interplay between particle packing and shear stress for confined suspensions.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Strong Secrecy for General Multiple-Access Wiretap Channels
Creators: name: Athanasakos, Manos
name: Kalouptsidis, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is concerned with the general multiple access wiretap channel and the existence of codes that accomplish reliability and strong secrecy. Information leakage to the eavesdropper is assessed by the variational distance metric, whereas the average error probability is bounded by modifying Feinsteins Lemma. We derive an achievable strong secrecy rate region by utilizing the resolvability theory for the multiple-access channel in terms of information-spectrum methods.
Cluster mean-field approximations with the coherent-anomaly-method analysis for the driven pair contact process with diffusion
Creators: name: Park, Su-Chan
name: Park, Hyunggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cluster mean-field approximations are performed, up to 13 cluster sizes, to study the critical behavior of the driven pair contact process with diffusion (DPCPD) and its precedent, the PCPD in one dimension. Critical points are estimated by extrapolating our data to the infinite cluster size limit, which are in good accordance with recent simulation results. Within the cluster mean-field approximation scheme, the PCPD and the DPCPD share the same mean-field critical behavior. The application of the coherent anomaly method, however, shows that the two models develop different coherent anomalies, which lead to different true critical scaling. The values of the critical exponents for the particle density, the pair density, the correlation length, and the relaxation time are fairly well estimated for the DPCPD. These results support and complement our recent simulation results for the DPCPD.
KOF Analysen 2010, Nr. 3, Herbst
Creators: name: KOF Konjunkturforschungsstelle der ETH Zürich
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2010
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/330
Economics

description: KOF Analysen, 2010 (3)
description: ISSN:1662-3517
Additional file 4 of Dynamics of the bacterial gut microbiota in preterm and term infants after intravenous amoxicillin/ceftazidime treatment
Creators: name: Zwittink, Romy D.
name: Zoeren-Grobben, Diny Van
name: Renes, Ingrid B.
name: Lingen, Richard A. Van
name: Norbruis, Obbe F.
name: Rocio Martin
name: Jebbink, Liesbeth J. Groot
name: Knol, Jan
name: Belzer, Clara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Richness and diversity in samples with different dominating bacterial taxa. Taxa were considered dominant in a sample when it was the most abundant taxon and at least 10% more abundant than the second most abundant taxon. When the difference between the two most abundant taxa was less than 10%, is was considered a mixed community. Boxplots show the median, 25th and 75th percentiles, and minimal and maximal values with the exception of outliers (circles) and extremes (asterisks). Lines above the graph indicate between which communities a significant difference in richness/diversity was observed
Microscopic theory of multipole ordering in NpO2
Creators: name: Kubo, Katsunori
name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to examine the mysterious ordered phase of NpO2 from a microscopic viewpoint, we investigate an f-electron model on an fcc lattice constructed based on a j-j coupling scheme. First, an effective model with multipole interactions is derived in the strong-coupling limit. Numerical analysis of the model clearly indicates that the interactions for Γ_{4u} and Γ_{5u} moments are relevant to the ground state. Then, by applying mean-field theory to the simplified model including only such interactions, we conclude that longitudinal triple-q Γ_{5u} octupole order is realized in NpO2 through the combined effects of multipole interactions and anisotropy of the Γ_{5u} moment.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Magneto-Optical Properties of InSb for Infrared Spectral Filtering
Creators: name: Peard, Nolan
name: Callahan, Dennis
name: Perkinson, Joy C.
name: Du, Qingyang
name: Patel, Neil S.
name: Fakhrul, Takian
name: LeBlanc, John
name: Ross, Caroline A.
name: Hu, Juejun
name: Wang, Christine Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the Faraday effect in n-type InSb. The Verdet coefficient was determined for a range of carrier concentrations near $10^{17}$ $\text{cm}^{-3}$ in the $λ$ = 8 $μ$m - 12 $μ$m long-wave infrared regime. The absorption coefficient was measured and a figure of merit calculated for each sample. From these measurements, we calculated the carrier effective mass and illustrate the variation of the figure of merit with wavelength. A method for creating a tunable bandpass filter via the Faraday rotation is discussed along with preliminary results from a prototype device.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 5 of Dynamics of the bacterial gut microbiota in preterm and term infants after intravenous amoxicillin/ceftazidime treatment
Creators: name: Zwittink, Romy D.
name: Zoeren-Grobben, Diny Van
name: Renes, Ingrid B.
name: Lingen, Richard A. Van
name: Norbruis, Obbe F.
name: Rocio Martin
name: Jebbink, Liesbeth J. Groot
name: Knol, Jan
name: Belzer, Clara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5.. Microbiota composition profiles during the first six postnatal weeks in preterm and term infants receiving no, short or long antibiotic treatment. Average relative abundances per time point are shown.
Close Encounters of the European Kind: Economic Integration, Sectoral Heterogeneity and Structural Reforms
Creators: name: Campos, Nauro F.
name: Eichenauer, Vera
name: Sturm, Jan-Egbert
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020
Subjects: European integration
structural reforms
Single Market, Euro
sectoral heterogeneity

description: KOF Working Papers, 482
$Re(A_0)$, $Re(A_2)$ and RG evolution for $N_f=3$
Creators: name: Choi, Keunsu
name: Lee, Weonjong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of $Re (A_0)$ and $Re (A_2)$ calculated using HYP staggered fermions on the lattice of $16^3 \times 64$ at $β=6.0$. These results are obtained using leading order chiral perturbation in quenched QCD. Buras's original RG evolution matrix develops a removable singularity for $N_f=3$. This subtlety is resolved by finding a finite solution to RG equation and the results are presented.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, contribution to Lattice 2004 International Symposium
Electron-Positron Annihilation into Hadron-Antihadron Pairs
Creators: name: Yan, Y.
name: Kobdaj, C.
name: Suebka, P.
name: Zheng, Z. M.
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Gutsche, Th.
name: Lyubovitskij, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reactions of electron-positron to nucleon-antinucleon pairs are studied in a non-perturbative quark model. The work suggests that the two-step process, in which the primary quark-antiquark pair forms first a vector meson which in turn decays into a hadron pair, is dominant over the one-step process in which the primary quark-antiquark pair is directly dressed by additional quark-antiquark pairs to form a hadron pair. To reproduce the experimental data of the reactions of electron-positron to proton-antiproton and electron-positron to neutron-antineutron a D-wave omega-like vector meson with a mass of around 2 GeV has to be introduced.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
title: Patterns of Learning in the Accountancy Profession: the Roles of Continuing Professional Development and Lifelong Learning
Creators: name: Lindsay, Hilary Frances
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: This thesis explores the roles of CPD and lifelong learning for accountants today. Accountants are experiencing more career transitions and learning is an increasingly vital element in the ever changing environment. The research findings will be used to help accountants learn more effectively throughout their careers. Since 2005, member bodies of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) have been required to implement mandatory continuing professional development (CPD) schemes and to ‘foster a commitment to lifelong learning’ (IFAC, 2004a, p.1). In this new context this research with members of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) explores the roles of CPD and lifelong learning, so contributing to both the CPD and lifelong learning research agendas. The research looks at how accountants perceive and describe their learning activities and experiences using a mixed methods approach involving an initial large-scale survey, exploring learning in one context, followed by in-depth interviews which look at learning across a career. Two conceptual frameworks, developed during the literature review, underpin the research. These are based on a model developed by Illeris (2009) and incorporate the cognitive, interpersonal and intrapersonal dimensions of learning. Other key concepts referred to throughout the research include identity, agency, engagement, affordance and the metaphors of learning as acquisition, learning as participation and learning as becoming. The patterns of learning varied according to the roles, sectors, career stages and gender of accountants. The need for career adaptability (Bimrose et al., 2011) emerged from the research and was added to professional competence to produce a new learning model, the professional learning iceberg. It is proposed that ‘learning relating to professional competence’ and ‘learning relating to career adaptability’ are more meaningful concepts than ‘CPD’ and ‘lifelong learning’ to describe the learning needed to succeed in the accountancy profession in the twenty-first century.
Foreground-Background Ambient Sound Scene Separation
Creators: name: Olvera, Michel
name: Vincent, Emmanuel
name: Serizel, Romain
name: Gasso, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ambient sound scenes typically comprise multiple short events occurring on top of a somewhat stationary background. We consider the task of separating these events from the background, which we call foreground-background ambient sound scene separation. We propose a deep learning-based separation framework with a suitable feature normaliza-tion scheme and an optional auxiliary network capturing the background statistics, and we investigate its ability to handle the great variety of sound classes encountered in ambient sound scenes, which have often not been seen in training. To do so, we create single-channel foreground-background mixtures using isolated sounds from the DESED and Audioset datasets, and we conduct extensive experiments with mixtures of seen or unseen sound classes at various signal-to-noise ratios. Our experimental findings demonstrate the generalization ability of the proposed approach.
title: Enumeration of Lambda-terms and directed acyclic graphs
Creators: name: Larcher, Isabella
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Lambda Terms
subject: directed acyclic graphs
subject: singularity analysis
subject: generating functions

description: Enstprechend dem Titel, besteht diese Diplomarbeit aus zwei Teilen. Der erste Teil behandelt Lambda-Terme. Insbesondere sind wir an der Anzahl bestimmter Lambda-Terme einer gewissen Größe interessiert, sowie an der asymptotischen Anzahl, wenn ihre Größe gegen unendlich geht. Wir werden die asymptotische Anzahl an Termen für spezielle Unterklassen von Lambda-Termen herleiten, jedoch nicht für die Klasse aller Lambda-Terme. Dieses Problem ist bisher noch offen und wir werden sehen, dass noch einige Schwierigkeiten bewältigt werden müssen um eine Lösung dafür zu finden. Am Ende des ersten Teils zeigen wir noch einige interessante Eigenschaften über die Struktur von Lambda-Termen. Dabei wird insbesondere auffallen, dass sich diese Struktur grundlegend von der von Bäumen unterscheidet, obwohl Lambda-Terme in enger Beziehung zu Motzkin-Bäumen stehen. Im zweiten Teil dieser Diplomarbeit untersuchen wir sowohl markierte als auch unmarkierte gerichtete azyklische Graphen (directed acyclic graphs, DAGs). Im Fall von markierten DAGs lässt sich das asymptotische Verhalten einfach bestimmen, während das für unmarkierte DAGs noch unbekannt ist. Weiters werden wir einige interessante Resultate über die Struktur von DAGs präsentieren, z.B. dass asymptotisch fast alle DAGs schwach zusammenhängend sind. Zum Schluss werden wir noch zwei Unterklassen von DAGs un- tersuchen, die von besonderem Interesse sind, nämlich sogennante (markierte und unmarkierte) extensionale DAGs und (markierte) essentielle DAGs.
description: This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the investigation of lambda-terms. Our main goal will be to determine the number of certain lambda-terms of a given size, as well as their asymptotic number as their size tends to infinity. We will derive asymptotic results for various subclasses of lambda-terms, while the problem of counting unrestricted lambda-terms is still unsolved. In order to give an explanation for that, we will explicate the difficulties that have to be overcome in order to be able to establish the asymptotics of lambda-terms. Finally, we will focus on some structural properties of lambda-terms, thereby showing that the structure of lambda-terms highly differs from that of trees, although lambda-terms are closely related to Motzkin-trees. In the second part of this thesis we will investigate both labeled and unlabeled directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). The asympotics for labeled DAGs can be determined easily while the asymptotic behavior of unlabeled DAGs is still unknown. Furthermore we will show some very interesting results on the structure of DAGs, e.g. asymptotically almost all DAGs are weakly connected. At last, we will investigate two subclasses of DAGs that are of special interest, namely (labeled and unlabeled) extensional and (labeled) essential DAGs.
Omega and Antiomega production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 40 and 158 AGeV
Creators: name: The NA49 Collaboration
name: Alt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented on Omega production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 40 and 158 AGeV beam energy. Given are transverse-mass spectra, rapidity distributions, and total yields for the sum Omega+Antiomega at 40 AGeV and for Omega and Antiomega separately at 158 AGeV. The yields are strongly under-predicted by the string-hadronic UrQMD model and are in better agreement with predictions from a hadron gas models.
description: 5 papes, 4 figures, 1 table, updated figure 4 and table 1. Final version, including some editorial changes, as published in PRL
How do individuals in the UK experience recovery from prescribed benzodiazepine dependence and what helped?
Creators: name: Anik, Asli
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: Benzodiazepine
dependence
recovery
services
prescribed drug
withdrawal
protracted
Counselling Psychology

description: Background: Benzodiazepines are a class of drug prescribed mainly for anxiety and insomnia. Since 1988, UK guidelines have warned not to prescribe benzodiazepines for longer than 2-4 weeks, because they cause dependence and withdrawal symptoms that can last months to years. Despite this, an estimated 72% of prescriptions between 2015-18 in England exceeded 4 weeks. There is a lack of services available in the UK to support individuals struggling with dependence and withdrawal, and limited scientific literature available on the experience of, and how to support individuals with, recovery from benzodiazepine dependence.

Aims: This study aims to explore the experience of recovery from prescribed benzodiazepine dependence, what individuals found helpful during the recovery process, and their views on what future services should look like.

Methods: Qualitative data was collected through semi structured interviews with seven participants who were prescribed benzodiazepines for at least 4 weeks, struggled with stopping or withdrawal symptoms, and stopped taking benzodiazepines at least one year ago. Interview transcripts were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis within a phenomenological framework.

Results: Four themes were developed, which cover: (1) facing disbelief and failures in the healthcare system and consequent calls for improved education; (2) receiving and providing peer support; (3) the changing relationship to withdrawal symptoms during recovery, strategies used to cope with symptoms, and the persistence of post-withdrawal symptoms long after stopping; (4) severe suffering that can impact many different areas of life, can lead to enduring trauma, and requires holistic support.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates how some benzodiazepine patients endure severe suffering that can be unnecessarily exacerbated by disbelief and failures in the healthcare system, resulting in trauma and distrust of healthcare professionals. This situation could be improved by believing and validating patient experiences, so appropriate care can be received and further harm avoided. Counselling Psychologists may particularly need to focus on establishing trust, providing validation, and advocating for this client group. The findings further point to a need for improved education, commissioning of specialist services and a national helpline, updated NICE guidance, and improved monitoring of prescribing behaviour.
The Rarita--Schwinger field: dressing procedure and spin-parity content
Creators: name: Kaloshin, A. E.
name: Lomov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain in analytical form the dressed propagator of the massive Rarita-Schwinger field taking into account all spin components. We found that the nearest analogy for dressing the Rarita--Schwinger field in spin--1/2 sector is dressing the two Dirac fermions of opposite parity with presence of mutual transitions. The calculation of the self-energy contributions confirms that besides the leading spin--3/2 component the Rarita--Schwinger field contains also two spin--1/2 components of different parity.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures; some typographical errors are corrected
Frequency measurements and self-broadening of sub-Doppler transitions in the $v_1+v_3$ band of C$_2$H$_2$
Creators: name: Twagirayezu, Sylvestre
name: Hall, Gregory E.
name: Sears, Trevor J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency comb-referenced measurements of sub-Doppler laser saturation dip absorption lines in the $v_1+v_3$ band of acetylene near $1.5\,μ\mathrm{m}$ are reported. These measurements include transitions involving higher rotational levels than previously frequency measured in this band. The accuracy of the measured frequencies is typically better than 10 kHz. Measurements of the observed sub-Doppler line widths as a function of pressure showed that the self pressure-broadening coefficients are about 3.5 times larger than those derived from conventional pressure broadening of unsaturated Doppler-limited spectra. This is attributed to the contribution of velocity-changing collisions to the total dephasing rate in the low pressure sub-Doppler measurements. At higher pressures, when the homogeneous broadening becomes comparable to the typical Doppler shift per elastic collision, the velocity changing collisions cease to contribute significantly to the incremental pressure broadening. A time-dependent soft collision model is developed to illustrate the transition between low and high pressure regimes of sub-Doppler pressure-broadening.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
On the statistics of superlocalized states in self-affine disordered potentials
Creators: name: Luck, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the statistics of eigenstates in a weak self-affine disordered potential in one dimension, whose Gaussian fluctuations grow with distance with a positive Hurst exponent $H$. Typical eigenstates are superlocalized on samples much larger than a well-defined crossover length, which diverges in the weak-disorder regime. We present a parallel analytical investigation of the statistics of these superlocalized states in the discrete and the continuum formalisms. For the discrete tight-binding model, the effective localization length decays logarithmically with the sample size, and the logarithm of the transmission is marginally self-averaging. For the continuum Schrödinger equation, the superlocalization phenomenon has more drastic effects. The effective localization length decays as a power of the sample length, and the logarithm of the transmission is fully non-self-averaging.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
3D Semantic Segmentation of Brain Tumor for Overall Survival Prediction
Creators: name: Agravat, Rupal
name: Raval, Mehul S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Glioma, the malignant brain tumor, requires immediate treatment to improve the survival of patients. Gliomas heterogeneous nature makes the segmentation difficult, especially for sub-regions like necrosis, enhancing tumor, non-enhancing tumor, and Edema. Deep neural networks like full convolution neural networks and ensemble of fully convolution neural networks are successful for Glioma segmentation. The paper demonstrates the use of a 3D fully convolution neural network with a three layer encoder decoder approach for layer arrangement. The encoder blocks include the dense modules, and decoder blocks include convolution modules. The input to the network is 3D patches. The loss function combines dice loss and focal loss functions. The validation set dice score of the network is 0.74, 0.88, and 0.73 for enhancing tumor, whole tumor, and tumor core, respectively. The Random Forest Regressor uses shape, volumetric, and age features extracted from ground truth for overall survival prediction. The regressor achieves an accuracy of 44.8% on the validation set.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, BRaTS 2020. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.09399
Additional file 2 of Dynamics of the bacterial gut microbiota in preterm and term infants after intravenous amoxicillin/ceftazidime treatment
Creators: name: Zwittink, Romy D.
name: Zoeren-Grobben, Diny Van
name: Renes, Ingrid B.
name: Lingen, Richard A. Van
name: Norbruis, Obbe F.
name: Rocio Martin
name: Jebbink, Liesbeth J. Groot
name: Knol, Jan
name: Belzer, Clara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Clinical factors included during redundancy analysis (RDA)
On the opening angle of magnetised jets from neutron-star mergers: the case of GRB170817A
Creators: name: Nathanail, Antonios
name: Gill, Ramandeep
name: Porth, Oliver
name: Fromm, Christian M.
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations of GW170817/GRB170817A have confirmed that the coalescence of a neutron-star binary is the progenitor of a short gamma-ray burst. In the standard picture of a short gamma-ray burst, a collimated highly relativistic outflow is launched after merger and it successfully breaks out from the surrounding ejected matter. Using initial conditions inspired from numerical-relativity binary neutron-star merger simulations, we have performed general-relativistic hydrodynamic (HD) and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations in which the jet is launched and propagates self-consistently. The complete set of simulations suggests that: (i) MHD jets have an intrinsic energy and velocity polar structure with a ``hollow core'' subtending an angle $θ_{\rm core}\approx4^{\circ}-5^{\circ}$ and an opening angle of $θ_{\rm jet}\gtrsim10^{\circ}$; (ii) MHD jets eject significant amounts of matter and two orders of magnitude more than HD jets; (iii) the energy stratification in MHD jets naturally yields the power-law energy scaling $E(>Γβ)\propto(Γβ)^{-4.5}$; (iv) MHD jets provide fits to the afterglow data from GRB170817A that are comparatively better than those of the HD jets and without free parameters; (v) finally, both of the best-fit HD/MHD models suggest an observation angle $θ_{\rm obs} \simeq 21^{\circ}$ for GRB170817A.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted
Probing students’ thinking when introduced to formal combinatorics theory in grade 12
Creators: name: Perrin, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This research explores students’ mathematical thinking when introduced to formal combinatorics theory. It identifies how students understand formal theory and modify their mathematical thinking and resolution strategies after having been introduced to combinatorics. This research is situated in the study of a Mathematics 12 class for the duration of a teaching unit on combinatorics, and of two groups of two students that solved specific combinatorial problems outside of class hours. Data includes videotapes of the classes and group sessions, copies of students’ work and tests, students’ answers to meta-cognitive questions and field notes. I describe how students solved a specific combinatorial problem - the pathway problem - arguing that this description exemplifies how students shifted from resolution strategies based on counting and the use of different techniques such as drawings, graphs, lists, trees, amongst others, to the sole use of the taught algorithm. I argue that this shift followed both the emphasis given to the use of formulae during instruction and the students’ lack of proficiency in the use of counting techniques. The latter is described in detail and points to the fact that students lacked practice and were not systematic. Results from this study suggest that the shift from using counting techniques to using formulae was common throughout the unit. In particular, it was the case with the permutation and combination formulae. Nevertheless, in the case of permutations, some students still used repeated multiplication instead of the formulae. Students were confused as to which formula to choose between the permutation and combination formula. I illustrate how students saw combinations only as permutations without order and did not understand the impact of the division in the combination formulae. Students’ understanding was limited and they had no other way to solve the problem than to apply a formula they did not understood. Following these findings, I suggest teachers should not overlook the instruction of counting techniques and should make connections between these and the formulae, for instance in showing various methods for resolving problems using both methods. I also recommend teaching combinations by emphasizing the role of division in the formula and in computations when solving problems without using the formula.
Electron Spectra in the Ionization of Atoms by Neutrinos
Creators: name: Gounaris, G. J.
name: Paschos, E. A.
name: Porfyriadis, P. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For neutrinos of O(10keV) energies, their oscillation lengths are less than a few hundred meters, thereby suggesting the fascinating idea of oscillation experiments of small geometrical size. To help evaluating this idea we calculate the ionization cross sections of H, He, Ne and Xe, using any neutrino flavor, in the few keV energy range. We find that the atomic ionization cross sections per electron are always smaller than the neutrino cross sections off free electrons, approaching it from below as the energy increases to the 100 keV region. At the 10-20 keV range though, atomic binding effects are very important, particularly for the heavier atoms, inducing a factor of two reduction of the Xe ionization cross section, compared to the free electron one.
description: Typos corrected. Version appeared in Phys. Rev. D70:113008 (2004)
Topological Euler class as a dynamical observable in optical lattices
Creators: name: Ünal, F. Nur
name: Bouhon, Adrien
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last years have witnessed rapid progress in the topological characterization of out-of-equilibrium systems. We report on robust signatures of a new type of topology -- the Euler class -- in such a dynamical setting. The enigmatic invariant $(ξ)$ falls outside conventional symmetry-eigenvalue indicated phases and, in simplest incarnation, is described by triples of bands that comprise a gapless pair, featuring $2ξ$ stable band nodes, and a gapped band. These nodes host non-Abelian charges and can be further undone by converting their charge upon intricate braiding mechanisms, revealing that Euler class is a fragile topology. We theoretically demonstrate that quenching with non-trivial Euler Hamiltonian results in stable monopole-antimonopole pairs, which in turn induce a linking of momentum-time trajectories under the first Hopf map, making the invariant experimentally observable. Detailing explicit tomography protocols in a variety of cold-atom setups, our results provide a basis for exploring new topologies and their interplay with crystalline symmetries in optical lattices beyond paradigmatic Chern insulators.
description: 6+7 pages, 3+3 figures; new version features improved exposition and new appendix describing simplified models
Supersymmetric U(N) Gauge Model and Partial Breaking of N=2 Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Kazuhito
name: Itoyama, Hiroshi
name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Guided by the gauging of U(N) isometry associated with the special Kahler geometry, and the discrete R symmetry, we construct the N=2 supersymmetric action of a U(N) invariant nonabelian gauge model in which rigid N=2 supersymmetry is spontaneously broken to N=1. This generalizes the abelian model considered by Antoniadis, Partouche and Taylor. We shed light on complexity of the supercurrents of our model associated with a broken N=2 supermultiplet of currents, and discuss the spontaneously broken supersymmetry as an approximate fermionic shift symmetry.
description: 32 pages; typos corrected and references added; the version to be published in Prog. Theor. Phys, a pedagogical appendix added
Christian Stolz & Christopher E. Miller (Hrsg.) (2022). Geoarchäologie
Creators: name: Scharl, Silviane
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Christian Stolz & Christopher E. Miller (Hrsg.) (2022). Geoarchäologie. Springer Spektrum. 445 Seiten (Softcover), ISBN 978-3-662-62773-0
description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 69 (2022): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
iTV: Inferring Traffic Violation-Prone Locations with Vehicle Trajectories and Road Environment Data
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhihan
name: Chen, Longbiao
name: Zhou, Binbin
name: Huang, Jinchun
name: Xie, Tianqi
name: Fan, Xiaoliang
name: Wang, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic violations like illegal parking, illegal turning, and speeding have become one of the greatest challenges in urban transportation systems, bringing potential risks of traffic congestions, vehicle accidents, and parking difficulties. To maximize the utility and effectiveness of the traffic enforcement strategies aiming at reducing traffic violations, it is essential for urban authorities to infer the traffic violation-prone locations in the city. Therefore, we propose a low-cost, comprehensive, and dynamic framework to infer traffic violation-prone locations in cities based on the large-scale vehicle trajectory data and road environment data. Firstly, we normalize the trajectory data by map matching algorithms and extract key driving behaviors, i.e., turning behaviors, parking behaviors, and speeds of vehicles. Secondly, we restore spatiotemporal contexts of driving behaviors to get corresponding traffic restrictions such as no parking, no turning, and speed restrictions. After matching the traffic restrictions with driving behaviors, we get the traffic violation distribution. Finally, we extract the spatiotemporal patterns of traffic violations, and build a visualization system to showcase the inferred traffic violation-prone locations. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct extensive studies on large-scale, real-world vehicle GPS trajectories collected from two Chinese cities, respectively. Evaluation results confirm that the proposed framework infers traffic violation-prone locations effectively and efficiently, providing comprehensive decision supports for traffic enforcement strategies.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures, accepted by IEEE System Journal
Effect of carrot on serum carotenoid level: A systematic review
Creators: name: Nagendran, Praveen
name: Herath, Amila
name: Janapriya, Nilupul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Vitamin A deficiency, Serum Alpha Carotene, Serum Beta Carotene, Serum Lutein, Serum Carotenoid, Carrot

description: This a Systematic Review of various journal articles on Effects of Carrot on Serum Caroteniod levels.
description: There was no funding.
Antiferromagnetic, Neutral, and Superconducting Band in La_2CuO_4
Creators: name: Krüger, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetry of the Bloch functions in the conduction band of tetragonal and orthorhombic La_2CuO_4 is examined for the existence of symmetry-adapted and optimally localizable (usual or spin-dependent) Wannier functions. It turns out that such Wannier functions do not exist in the tetragonal phase. In the orthorhombic phase, on the other hand, the Bloch functions can be unitarily transformed in three different ways into optimally localizable Wannier functions: they can be chosen to be adapted to each of the three phases observed in the pure or doped material, that is, to the antiferromagnetic phase, to the superconducting phase or to the phase evincing neither magnetism nor superconductivity. This group-theoretical result is proposed to be interpreted within a nonadiabatic extension of the Heisenberg model. Within this model, atomiclike states represented by these Wannier functions are responsible for the stability of each of the three phases. However, all the three atomiclike states cannot exist in the tetragonal phase, but are stabilized by the orthorhombic distortion of the crystal. A simple model is proposed which might explain the physical properties of the doped material as a function of the Sr concentration.
Additional file 1 of Dynamics of the bacterial gut microbiota in preterm and term infants after intravenous amoxicillin/ceftazidime treatment
Creators: name: Zwittink, Romy D.
name: Zoeren-Grobben, Diny Van
name: Renes, Ingrid B.
name: Lingen, Richard A. Van
name: Norbruis, Obbe F.
name: Rocio Martin
name: Jebbink, Liesbeth J. Groot
name: Knol, Jan
name: Belzer, Clara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) plots using Bray-Curtis distances. The association of microbiota composition with postnatal week (WoL) or antibiotic treatment duration (AB1_dur) was assessed by Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) using the ‘adonis’ function with 999 permutations