cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Johann Ludwig Meyer (1818-1869) an Joseph Wolfgang von Deschwanden (1819-1866)
Creators: name: Meyer, Johann Ludwig
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1852

description: Brief, datiert mit: Hoher Donnerstag 1852, ohne Ortsangabe.
Betr. Teilnahme am Lehrerkonvent, unterzeichnet mit: L. Meyer
title: Choix professionnel et construction identitaire de l'enseignant(e) spécialisé(e) : entretiens biographiques et leurs analyses
title: Choix professionnel et construction identitaire de l'enseignant(e) spécialisé(e) : entretiens biographiques et leurs analyses
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Coolens, Mathias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: construction identitaire
subject: approche histoire de vie
subject: choix professionnel
subject: enseignement spécialisé
subject: société en mouvement
subject: représentations
subject: causalité triadique

description: Au sein d’une société dans laquelle les valeurs se fragilisent, où les changements se font de plus en plus fréquents, et où les points de repère perdent en stabilité, nous nous interrogeons sur la manière dont se construit l’identité d’un individu. Comment ce dernier fait-il face à ce monde en perpétuel mouvement ? Comment compose-t-il avec accélération et rythme effréné, deux aspects inhérents à notre quotidien ? Ce travail de mémoire, s’inscrivant dans une démarche compréhensive, se propose de travailler sur cette problématique, en s’interrogeant plus particulièrement sur la manière dont la construction identitaire intervient dans le choix professionnel de devenir enseignant(e) spécialisé(e). La réponse à ce questionnement s’effectuera grâce à des apports théoriques mis en lien avec l’analyse des données, fondée essentiellement sur le modèle de la causalité triadique de Bandura, et recueillies dans le cadre de six entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès d’enseignant(e)s spécialisé(e)s, dont trois en devenir (moi y compris). C’est sur la base de l’approche histoire de vie que se sont déroulés ces interviews ou entretiens biographiques. L’analyse des témoignages sera discutée à la lumière de certaines notions théoriques, notamment le concept de représentation, le modèle proposé par Dubar (2010) sur l’identité ou encore le système de causalité triadique de Bandura (Carré, 2005). Les résultats de cette recherche ont permis d’apporter des éléments de réponse à ce questionnement autour de l’identité et du choix professionnel. Nous avons notamment tenté de mettre en évidence le fait que l’identité professionnelle se construit et évolue selon la perception que l’on a de soi, l’évolution éventuelle de notre personnalité ainsi que notre désir de congruence; mais l’identité se construit aussi en tenant compte des événements de notre vie, de certaines étapes qui bouleversent notre quotidien ou notre façon de penser, nous amenant à réajuster par moments notre identité. A travers les témoignages recueillis, nous avons pu constater que si les parcours de vie sont différents, il existe toutefois des similitudes qui se retrouvent notamment dans la perception que ces personnes ont d’elles-mêmes, dans les valeurs qui les animent : aider l’autre, répondre efficacement aux besoins d’élèves en difficulté, enseigner.
The subsoil of the Colosseum and the detection of the ancient Tiber river Paleovalley (MIS 12-11) in Rome
Creators: name: Mancini, Marco
name: Di Salvo, Cristina
name: Giallini, Silvia
name: Marini, Mattia
name: Simionato, Maurizio
name: Caciolli, Maria Chiara
name: Cavinato, Gian Paolo
name: Moscatelli, Massimiliano
name: Polpetta, Federica
name: Sirianni, Pietro
name: Stigliano, Francesco
Publisher: name: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences
Year: 2023

description: Core data from five boreholes drilled in 2017 in the Colosseum hypogea are of great interest for defining the Middle Pleistocene fluvial paleogeography and paleoenvironment in the Roman Basin. A detailed facies analysis and lithostratigraphic correlation with numerous other core and outcrop data from nearby areas, including the Palatine, Roman Forum, and Capitoline Hill, were performed in order to precisely reconstruct the subsoil of the monument and of the wider archaeological area. Two well-defined paleovalley infills have been identified, whose formation was linked to sea-level changes correlated to MIS 12-11 and MIS 5d-1 and associated with the ancient Tiber River and the recent Fosso Labicano stream, respectively. The Middle Pleistocene paleovalley stretches in the N-S direction, reaching a width of up to 500 m. It was extensively carved during MIS 12 into older volcano-sedimentary interfluves (MIS 16-13) and the Pliocene substratum. The valley infill is 40 m thick and corresponds to the Fosso del Torrino formation, deposited during the MIS 12-11 transition. This formation comprises basal gravels that grade upward to cross-bedded channelized sandstone, which contains remains of vertebrates such as Palaeoloxodon antiquus and Bos primigenius. Additionally, the formation includes floodplain clays and silt with interbedded lignite seams and tephra. The western side of the Colosseum is founded on pebbles and sands of an eastward-directed concave side of the paleovalley, while floodplain and marshy deposits are found further west beneath the Palatine hill, on the convex bank of the ancient river. The paleovalley trunk of the historical centre of Rome correlates well with the downstream fluvial sandstones cropping out at the fossiliferous site of Via Ostiense in the Colli di San Paolo area, where lateral input from an ancient left bank tributary is inferred.
description: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences, Vol. 15 (2023): In progress
Tensor renormalization group approach to (1+1)-dimensional SU(2) principal chiral model at finite density
Creators: name: Luo, Xiao
name: Kuramashi, Yoshinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the tensor renormalization group method to the (1+1)-dimensional SU(2) principal chiral model at finite chemical potential with the use of the Gauss-Legendre quadrature to discretize the SU(2) Lie group. The internal energy at vanishing chemical potential $μ=0$ shows good consistency with the prediction of the strong and weak coupling expansions. This indicates an effectiveness of the Gauss-Legendre quadrature for the partitioning of the SU(2) Lie group. In the finite density region with $μ\ne 0$ at the strong coupling we observe the Silver-Blaze phenomenon for the number density.
Resurgence in complex Chern-Simons theory at generic levels
Creators: name: Duan, Zhihao
name: Gu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we study the resurgent structure of $sl(2,\mathbb{C})$ Chern-Simons state integral models on knot complements $S^3\backslash\mathbf{4}_1,S^3\backslash\mathbf{5}_2$ with generic discrete level $k\geq 1$ and with small boundary holonomy deformation. The coefficients of the saddle point expansions are in the trace field of the knot extended by the holonomy parameter. Despite increasing complication of the asymptotic series as the level $k$ increases, the resurgent structure of the asymptotic series is universal: both the distribution of Borel plane singularities and the associated Stokes constants are independent of the level $k$.
description: 46 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables, new references added
Large-scale shell-model calculations on the spectroscopy of $N<126$ Pb isotopes
Creators: name: Qi, Chong
name: Jia, L. Y.
name: Fu, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale shell-model calculations are carried out in the model space including neutron-hole orbitals $2p_{1/2}$, $1f_{5/2}$, $2p_{3/2}$, $0i_{13/2}$, $1f_{7/2}$ and $0h_{9/2}$ to study the structure and electromagnetic properties of neutron deficient Pb isotopes. An optimized effective interaction is used. Good agreement between full shell-model calculations and experimental data is obtained for the spherical states in isotopes $^{194-206}$Pb. The lighter isotopes are calculated with an importance-truncation approach constructed based on the monopole Hamiltonian. The full shell-model results also agree well with our generalized seniority and nucleon-pair-approximation truncation calculations. The deviations between theory and experiment concerning the excitation energies and electromagnetic properties of low-lying $0^+$ and $2^+$ excited states and isomeric states may provide a constraint on our understanding of nuclear deformation and intruder configuration in this region.
description: 11 pages, to appear in PRC, supplementary materials available upon request
Astrometric Microlensing of Primordial Black Holes with Gaia
Creators: name: Verma, Himanshu
name: Rentala, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaia space telescope allows for unprecedented accuracy for astrometric measurements of stars in the Galaxy. In this work, we explore the sensitivity of Gaia to detect primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter through the distortions that PBHs would create in the apparent trajectories of background stars, an effect known as astrometric microlensing (AML). We present a novel calculation of the lensing probability, and we combine this with the existing publicly released Gaia eDR3 stellar catalog to predict the expected rate of AML events that Gaia will see. We also compute the expected distribution of a few event observables, which will be useful for reducing backgrounds. Assuming that the astrophysical background rate of AML like events due to other sources is negligible, we then compute the potential exclusion that could be set on the parameter space of PBHs with a monochromatic mass function. We find that Gaia is sensitive to PBHs in the range of $0.4~M_\odot$ - $5\times10^7~M_\odot$, and has peak sensitivity to PBHs of $\sim 10~M_\odot$ for which it can rule out as little as a fraction $3\times10^{-4}$ of dark matter composed of PBHs. With this exquisite sensitivity, Gaia has the potential to rule out a PBH origin for the gravitational wave signals seen at LIGO/Virgo. Our novel calculation of the lensing probability includes for the first time, the effect of intermediate duration lensing events, where the lensing event lasts for a few years, but for a period which is still shorter than the Gaia mission lifetime. The lower end of our predicted mass exclusion is especially sensitive to this class of events. As and when time-series data for Gaia is released, and once we have a better understanding of the backgrounds, our prediction of the lensing rate and event observable distributions will be useful to estimate the true exclusion/discovery of the PBH parameter space utilizing this data.
description: 46 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Discussion on astrophysical binary backgrounds updated
Studying the Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium in emission: a reprise
Creators: name: Parimbelli, G.
name: Branchini, E.
name: Viel, M.
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, F.
name: ZuHone, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) is believed to host a significant fraction of the ``missing baryons'' in the nearby Universe. Its signature has been detected in the X-ray absorption spectra of distant quasars. However, its detection in emission, that would allow us to study the WHIM in a systematic way, is still lacking. Motivated by the possibility to perform these studies with next generation integral field spectrometers, and thanks to the availability of a large suite of state-of-the-art hydrodynamic simulations -- the CAMELS suite -- we study here in detail the emission properties of the WHIM and the possibility to infer its physical properties with upcoming X-ray missions like Athena. We focused on the two most prominent WHIM emission lines, the OVII triplet and the OVIII singlet, and build line surface brightness maps in a lightcone, mimicking a data cube generated through integral field spectroscopy. We confirm that detectable WHIM emission, even with next generation instruments, is largely associated to galaxy-size dark matter halos and that the WHIM properties evolve little from $z\simeq0.5$ to now. Some characteristics of the WHIM, like the line number counts as a function of their brightness, depend on the specific hydrodynamic simulation used, while others, like the WHIM clustering properties, are robust to this aspect. The large number of simulations available in the CAMELS datasets allows us to assess the sensitivity of the WHIM properties to the background cosmology and to the energy feedback mechanisms regulated by AGN and stellar activity. [ABRIDGED]
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables
Efficient decoupling schemes for multiscale multicontinuum problems in fractured porous media
Creators: name: Vasilyeva, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the coupled system of equations that describe flow in fractured porous media. To describe such types of problems, multicontinuum and multiscale approaches are used. Because in multicontinuum models, the permeability of each continuum has a significant difference, a large number of iterations is required for the solution of the resulting linear system of equations at each time iteration. The presented decoupling technique separates equations for each continuum that can be solved separately, leading to a more efficient computational algorithm with smaller systems and faster solutions. This approach is based on the additive representation of the operator with semi-implicit approximation by time, where the continuum coupling part is taken from the previous time layer. We apply, analyze and numerically investigate decoupled schemes for classical multicontinuum problems in fractured porous media on sufficiently fine grids with finite volume approximation. We show that the decoupled schemes are stable, accurate, and computationally efficient. Next, we extend and investigate this approach for multiscale approximation on the coarse grid using the nonlocal multicontinuum (NLMC) method. In NLMC approximation, we construct similar decoupled schemes with the same continuum separation approach. A numerical investigation is presented for model problems with two and three-continuum in the two-dimensional formulation.
Oxidation-assisted graphene heteroepitaxy on copper foil
Creators: name: Reckinger, Nicolas
name: Tang, Xiaohui
name: Joucken, Frédéric
name: Lajaunie, Luc
name: Arenal, Raul
name: Dubois, Emmanuel
name: Hackens, Benoît
name: Henrard, Luc
name: Colomer, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an innovative, easy-to-implement approach to synthesize large-area singlecrystalline graphene sheets by chemical vapor deposition on copper foil. This method doubly takes advantage of residual oxygen present in the gas phase. First, by slightly oxidizing the copper surface, we induce grain boundary pinning in copper and, in consequence, the freezing of the thermal recrystallization process. Subsequent reduction of copper under hydrogen suddenly unlocks the delayed reconstruction, favoring the growth of centimeter-sized copper (111) grains through the mechanism of abnormal grain growth. Second, the oxidation of the copper surface also drastically reduces the nucleation density of graphene. This oxidation/reduction sequence leads to the synthesis of aligned millimeter-sized monolayer graphene domains in epitaxial registry with copper (111). The as-grown graphene flakes are demonstrated to be both single-crystalline and of high quality.
description: Main text (18 pages, 6 figures) + supplementary information (26 pages, 15 figures)
Middle Pleistocene mammal faunas of the area of Rome: recent results and ongoing work on the MUST collection
Creators: name: Iannucci, Alessio
name: Conti, Jacopo
name: Curcio, Francesca
name: Iurino, Dawid Adam
name: Mancini, Marco
name: Mecozzi, Beniamino
name: Strani, Flavia
name: Sardella, Raffaele
Publisher: name: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences
Year: 2023

description: The urban area of Rome and its surroundings (the Roman Campaign, “Campagna Romana”) yielded an exceptional amount of fossil remains of terrestrial large mammals, which are of prime relevance for biochronological correlations and for reconstructing the paleoenvironmental conditions in the Italian Peninsula of the Middle Pleistocene. Apart from the mere quantity, the scientific importance of the Roman fossil record rests on the geochronological constraints that allow to date or correlate several findings, as well as on the dense chronological cover of continental deposits, for the last ~0.8 Ma. On the other hand, the case of Rome is emblematic of the challenges posed by investigating historical fossil collections, for instance, the necessity of a thoughtful integration of historical documentation (e.g., geological maps, museum labels) and indirect geological information (e.g., borehole lithology, the correlation between obliterated fossil sites and extant outcrops), owing to the intense urbanization occurred especially since the 1800s. Fossil-rich deposits of Rome have supplied collections housed in the city’s major museums, geosites, and universities, creating a valuable and unique paleontological heritage. Synthesis and perspective on these entwined aspects are provided herein, offering a geological and historical background alongside an overview of Middle Pleistocene mammal faunas of the area of Rome, with special emphasis on recent results that offer examples of - and how to deal with - different kinds of recoveries (from sporadic finds to systematic excavations), and ongoing work on the collection of the University Museum of Earth Sciences of Sapienza University of Rome (MUST). Reviewing the history of the MUST collection underlines the profound link between the history of the research on large mammal faunas of Rome and the history of the collection itself. The management of the paleontological heritage of Rome, consisting of thousands of remains spanning from isolated teeth to complete skeletons, is a crucial task for providing new data and support for research and dissemination, both of which are carried out at MUST accompanying traditional and yet fundamental efforts, such as cataloging and restoration, with the digital enhancement of the collection.
description: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences, Vol. 15 (2023): In progress
Gravitomagnetic effects in quadratic gravity with a scalar field
Creators: name: Finch, Andrew
name: Said, Jackson Levi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two gravitomagnetic effects which influence bodies orbiting around a gravitational source are the geodetic effect and the Lense-Thirring effect. The former describes the precession angle of the axis of a spinning gyroscope while in orbit around a nonrotating gravitational source whereas the latter provides a correction for this angle in the case of a spinning source. In this paper we derive the relevant equations in quadratic gravity and relate them to their equivalents in general relativity. Starting with an investigation into Kepler's third law in quadratic gravity with a scalar field, the effects of an axisymmetric and rotating gravitational source on an orbiting body in a circular, equatorial orbit are introduced.
description: 7 pages
Defending Philanthropy: Understanding the impact, challenges, and necessary evolution of the Canadian philanthropic sector
Creators: name: (Canada), Global Philanthropic Inc.
name: Malcolm, Dionne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440504
subject: Gender relations
classificationCode: 389999
subject: Other economics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The work of non profit organizations is transformational – from tangible grassroots impact in our communities, to national organizations driving for change at the highest levels.But the philanthropic sector does not exist without critique. “The pandemic has emphasized the importance of the non profit sector's work, but it has also laid bare the cracks in our operating environment", said the 2022 Imagine Canada paper “Diversity Is Our Strength”.As all industries grapple with their future in a post-pandemic landscape, so too does the philanthropic, considering broad-based topics like: funding challenges, the work required of us all to address equity, diversity and inclusion and how we create safe spaces for our teams and stakeholders, attracting and retaining the best talent, transparency within our operations, and adjusting course to be relevant and impactful in the future.Using a variety of research methods, Global Philanthropic Canada set out to engage practitioners, leaders, and industry commentators within the philanthropic sector in Canada to learn more.
Entanglement-enhanced magnetic induction tomography
Creators: name: Zheng, Wenqiang
name: Wang, Hengyan
name: Schmieg, Rebecca
name: Oesterle, Alan
name: Polzik, Eugene S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a sensing protocol, exploring conductive objects via their response to radio-frequency magnetic fields. MIT is used in nondestructive testing ranging from geophysics to medical applications. Atomic magnetometers, employed as MIT sensors, allow for significant improvement of the MIT sensitivity and for exploring its quantum limits. Here we report entanglement-enhanced MIT with an atomic magnetometer used as the sensing element. We generate an entangled and spin squeezed state of atoms of the sensor by stroboscopic quantum non-demolition measurement. We then utilize this spin state to demonstrate the improvement of one-dimensional MIT sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit.
Large-scale configuration interaction description of the structure of nuclei around $^{100}$Sn and $^{208}$Pb
Creators: name: Qi, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution I would like to discuss briefly the recent developments of the nuclear configuration interaction shell model approach. As examples, we apply the model to calculate the structure and decay properties of low-lying states in neutron-deficient nuclei around $^{100}$Sn and $^{208}$Pb that are of great experimental and theoretical interests.
description: 5 pages, proceedings for the FAIRNESS workshop 2016
Evolutionary Dynamics Within and Among Competing Groups
Creators: name: Cooney, Daniel B.
name: Levin, Simon A.
name: Mori, Yoichiro
name: Plotkin, Joshua B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D15

description: Biological and social systems are structured at multiple scales, and the incentives of individuals who interact in a group may diverge from the collective incentive of the group as a whole. Mechanisms to resolve this tension are responsible for profound transitions in evolutionary history, including the origin of cellular life, multi-cellular life, and even societies. Here we synthesize a growing literature that extends evolutionary game theory to describe multilevel evolutionary dynamics, using nested birth-death processes and partial differential equations to model natural selection acting on competition within and among groups of individuals. We apply this theory to analyze how mechanisms known to promote cooperation within a single group -- including assortment, reciprocity, and population structure -- alter evolutionary outcomes in the presence of competition among groups. We find that population structures most conducive to cooperation in multi-scale systems may differ from those most conducive within a single group. Likewise, for competitive interactions with a continuous range of strategies we find that among-group selection may fail to produce socially optimal outcomes, but it can nonetheless produce second-best solutions that balance individual incentives to defect with the collective incentives for cooperation. We conclude by describing the broad applicability of multi-scale evolutionary models to problems ranging from the production of diffusible metabolites in microbes to the management of common-pool resources in human societies.
description: 48 pages, 8 figures
Extreme Spatial Dispersion in Nonlocally-Resonant Elastic Metamaterials
Creators: name: Bossart, Aleksi
name: Fleury, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, the vast majority of architected materials have leveraged two physical principles to control wave behavior, namely Bragg interference and local resonances. Here, we describe a third path: structures that accommodate a finite number of delocalized zero-energy modes, leading to anomalous dispersion cones that nucleate from extreme spatial dispersion at 0 Hz. We explain how to design such zero-energy modes in the context of elasticity and show that many of the landmark wave properties of metamaterials can also be induced at an extremely subwavelength scale by the associated anomalous cones, without suffering from the same bandwidth limitations. We then validate our theory through a combination of simulations and experiments. Finally, we present an inverse design method to produce anomalous cones at desired locations in momentum space.
Nonlinear Interferometry for Quantum-Enhanced Measurements of Multiphoton Absorption
Creators: name: Panahiyan, Shahram
name: Muñoz, Carlos Sánchez
name: Chekhova, Maria V.
name: Schlawin, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiphoton absorption is of vital importance in many spectroscopic, microscopic or lithographic applications. However, given that it is an inherently weak process, the detection of multiphoton absorption signals typically requires large field intensities, hindering its applicability in many practical situations. In this work, we show that placing a multiphoton absorbent inside an imbalanced nonlinear interferometer can enhance the precision of multiphoton cross-section estimation with respect to strategies based on direct transmission measurements by coherent or even squeezed light. In particular, the power scaling of the sensitivity with photon flux can be increased by an order of magnitude compared to transmission measurements of the sample with coherent light, meaning that a signal could be observed at substantially reduced excitation intensities. Furthermore, we show that this enhanced measurement precision is robust against experimental imperfections leading to photon losses, which usually tend to degrade the detection sensitivity. We trace the origin of this enhancement to an optimal degree of squeezing which has to be generated in a nonlinear SU(1,1)-interferometer.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Suppressing Amplitude Damping in Trapped Ions: Discrete Weak Measurements for a Non-unitary Probabilistic Noise Filter
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Blanco, Andrea
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
name: Bermudez, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea of exploiting maximally-entangled states as a resource lies at the core of several modalities of quantum information processing, including secure quantum communication, quantum computation, and quantum sensing. However, due to imperfections during or after the entangling gates used to prepare such states, the amount of entanglement decreases and their quality as a resource gets degraded. We introduce a low-overhead protocol to reverse this degradation by partially filtering out a specific type of noise relevant to many quantum technologies. We present two trapped-ion schemes for the implementation of a non-unitary probabilistic filter against amplitude damping noise, which can protect any maximally-entangled pair from spontaneous photon scattering during or after the two-qubit trapped-ion entangling gates. This filter can be understood as a protocol for single-copy quasi-distillation, as it uses only local operations to realise a reversal operation that can be understood in terms of weak measurements.
description: 16 pages and 6 Figures
V5852 Sgr: An Unusual Nova Possibly Associated with the Sagittarius Stream
Creators: name: Aydi, E.
name: Mróz, P.
name: Whitelock, P. A.
name: Mohamed, S.
name: Wyrzykowski, Ł.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Vaisanen, P.
name: Nagayama, T.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Scholz, A.
name: Onozato, H.
name: Williams, R. E.
name: Hodgkin, S. T.
name: Nishiyama, S.
name: Yamagishi, M.
name: Smith, A. M. S.
name: Ryu, T.
name: Iwamatsu, A.
name: Kawamata, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spectroscopic and photometric follow-up of the peculiar nova V5852~Sgr (discovered as OGLE-2015-NOVA-01), which exhibits a combination of features from different nova classes. The photometry shows a flat-topped light curve with quasi-periodic oscillations, then a smooth decline followed by two fainter recoveries in brightness. Spectroscopy with the Southern African Large Telescope shows first a classical nova with an Fe II or Fe IIb spectral type. In the later spectrum, broad emissions from helium, nitrogen and oxygen are prominent and the iron has faded which could be an indication to the start of the nebular phase. The line widths suggest ejection velocities around $1000\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}}$. The nova is in the direction of the Galactic bulge and is heavily reddened by an uncertain amount. The $V$ magnitude 16 days after maximum enables a distance to be estimated and this suggests that the nova may be in the extreme trailing stream of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. If so it is the first nova to be detected from that, or from any dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Given the uncertainty of the method and the unusual light curve we cannot rule out the possibility that it is in the bulge or even the Galactic disk behind the bulge.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS on June 8th, 2016 (11 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables)
Cross-calibration of atomic pressure sensors and deviation from quantum diffractive collision universality for light particles
Creators: name: Shen, Pinrui
name: Frieling, Erik
name: Herperger, Katherine R.
name: Uhland, Denis
name: Stewart, Riley A.
name: Deshmukh, Avinash
name: Krems, Roman V.
name: Booth, James L.
name: Madison, Kirk W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total room-temperature, velocity-averaged cross section for atom-atom and atom-molecule collisions is well approximated by a universal function depending only on the magnitude of the leading order dispersion coefficient, $C_6$. This feature of the total cross section together with the universal function for the energy distribution transferred by glancing angle collisions ($P_{\rm{QDU}6}$) can be used to empirically determine the total collision cross section and realize a self-calibrating, vacuum pressure standard. This was previously validated for Rb+N$_2$ and Rb+Rb collisions. However, the post-collision energy distribution is expected to deviate from $P_{\rm{QDU}6}$ in the limit of small $C_6$ and small reduced mass. Here we observe this deviation experimentally by performing a direct cross-species loss rate comparison between Rb+H$_2$ and Li+H$_2$ and using the \textit{ab initio} value of $\langle σ_{\rm{tot}} \, v \rangle_{\rm{Li+H}_2}$. We find a velocity averaged total collision cross section ratio, $R = \langle σ_{\rm{tot}} \, v \rangle_{\rm{Li+H}_2} : \langle σ_{\rm{tot}} \, v \rangle_{\rm{Rb+H}_2} = 0.83(5)$. Based on an \textit{ab initio} computation of $\langle σ_{\rm{tot}} \, v \rangle_{\rm{Li+H}_2} = 3.13(6)\times 10^{-15}$ m$^3$/s, we deduce $\langle σ_{\rm{tot}} \, v \rangle_{\rm{Rb+H}_2} = 3.8(2) \times 10^{-15}$ m$^3$/s, in agreement with a Rb+H$_2$ \textit{ab initio} value of $\langle σ_{\mathrm{tot}} v \rangle_{\mathrm{Rb+H_2}} = 3.57 \times 10^{-15} \mathrm{m}^3/\mathrm{s}$.By contrast, fitting the Rb+H$_2$ loss rate as a function of trap depth to the universal function we find $\langle σ_{\rm{tot}} \, v \rangle_{\rm{Rb+H}_2} = 5.52(9) \times 10^{-15}$ m$^3$/s. Finally, this work demonstrates how to perform a cross-calibration of sensor atoms to extend and enhance the cold atom based pressure sensor.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Polariton Localization and Dispersion Properties of Disordered Quantum Emitters in Multimode Microcavities
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Georg
name: Cao, Jianshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments have demonstrated that the strong light-matter coupling in polaritonic microcavities significantly enhances transport. Motivated by these experiments, we have solved the disordered multimode Tavis-Cummings model in the thermodynamic limit and used this solution to analyze its dispersion and localization properties. The solution implies that wave-vector-resolved spectroscopic quantities can be described by single-mode models, but spatially resolved quantities require the multimode solution. Nondiagonal elements of the Green's function decay exponentially with distance, which defines the coherence length. The coherence length is strongly correlated with the photon weight and exhibits inverse scaling with respect to the Rabi frequency and an unusual dependence on disorder. For energies away from the average molecular energy $E_{\text{M}}$ and above the confinement energy $E_C$, the coherence length rapidly diverges such that it exceeds the photon resonance wavelength $λ_0$. The rapid divergence allows us to differentiate the localized and delocalized regimes and identify the transition from diffusive to ballistic transport.
description: 17 pages including Supplementary Materials; 9 figures; comments are welcome
Gravitational Waves in Effective Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Calmet, Xavier
name: Kuntz, Iberê
name: Mohapatra, Sonali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short paper we investigate quantum gravitational effects on Einstein's equations using effective field theory techniques. We consider the leading order quantum gravitational correction to the wave equation. Besides the usual massless mode, we find a pair of modes with complex masses. These massive particles have a width and could thus lead to a damping of gravitational waves if excited in violent astrophysical processes producing gravitational waves such as e.g. black hole mergers. We discuss the consequences for gravitational wave events such as GW 150914 recently observed by the Advanced LIGO collaboration.
description: 8 pages
Quantum Transport Characteristics of Lateral pn-Junction of Single Layer TiS3
Creators: name: Iyikanat, F.
name: Senger, R. T.
name: Peeters, F. M.
name: Sahin, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory and nonequilibrium Greens functions-based methods we investigated the electronic and transport properties of monolayer TiS3 pn-junction. We constructed a lateral pn-junction in monolayer TiS3 by using Li and F adatoms. An applied bias voltage caused significant variability in the electronic and transport properties of the TiS3 pn-junction. In addition, spin dependent current-voltage characteristics of the constructed TiS3 pn-junction were analyzed. Important device characteristics were found such as negative differential resistance and rectifying diode behaviors for spin-polarized currents in the TiS3 pn-junction. These prominent conduction properties of TiS3 pn-junction offer remarkable opportunities for the design of nanoelectronic devices based on a recently synthesized single-layered material.
Superfluid transport dynamics in a capacitive atomtronic circuit
Creators: name: Li, Aijun
name: Eckel, Stephen
name: Eller, Benjamin
name: Warren, Kayla E.
name: Clark, Charles W.
name: Edwards, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate transport in an atomtronic circuit of a Bose-Einstein condensate that flows from a source region into a drain through a gate channel. The time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) solution matches the data of a recent experiment. The atomtronic circuit is found to be similar to a variable-resistance RLC circuit, which is critically damped at early times and shows LC oscillations later. The GPE also predicts atom loss from the drain. Studies of the dependence of condensate transport upon gate parameters suggest the utility of the GPE for investigation of atomtronic circuits.
description: Main Body: 5 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental Material: 11 pages, 4 figures
Laminar drag reduction in surfactant-contaminated superhydrophobic channels
Creators: name: Tomlinson, Samuel D.
name: Gibou, Frédéric
name: Luzzatto-Fegiz, Paolo
name: Temprano-Coleto, Fernando
name: Jensen, Oliver E.
name: Landel, Julien R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) show promise for drag reduction applications, their performance can be compromised by traces of surfactant, which generate Marangoni stresses that increase drag. This question is addressed for soluble surfactant in a three-dimensional laminar channel flow, with periodic SHSs on both walls. We assume that diffusion is sufficiently strong for cross-channel concentration gradients to be small. Exploiting a long-wave theory that accounts for a rapid transverse Marangoni-driven flow, we derive a one-dimensional model for surfactant evolution, which allows us to predict the drag reduction across the parameter space. The system exhibits multiple regimes, involving competition between Marangoni effects, bulk and interfacial diffusion, advection and shear dispersion. We map out asymptotic regions in the high-dimensional parameter space, deriving approximations of the drag reduction in each region and comparing them to numerical simulations. Our atlas of maps provides a comprehensive analytical guide for designing surfactant-contaminated channels with SHSs, to maximise the drag reduction in applications.
State Space Geometry of the Spin-1 Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Chain
Creators: name: Lambert, J.
name: Sørensen, Erik S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of the spin-1 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with uniaxial anisotropy and applied magnetic field in terms of the genuine multipartite entanglement as witnessed by the mean quantum Fisher information density. By generalizing the manifold studied in [1, 2] to the many body case for spin 1, we connect the state space curvature in the vicinity of the ground state of the Heisenberg chain to the genuine multipartite entanglement. Our analysis demonstrates that the quantum critical points and symmetry protected topological (SPT) phase exhibit large state space curvature, while the separable phases are completely flat, offering insight into the physical interpretation of state space curvature. We further show that the entanglement in the SPT phase is enhanced by the presence of uniaxial anisotropy, and undiminished in the presence of uniform magnetic fields. The magnon condensate phase induced by large fields is shown to emanate from the Gaussian critical point, and exhibits massive multipartite entanglement over a robust region of the parameter space.
Study of chemical properties and heavy metals in pig manure under different farm management systems in Ratchaburi province
Creators: name: Ornprapa Thepsilvisut, Nipatchaya Chandoung
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2023
Subjects: pig farm management
heavy metal concentration
pig manure
composted manure properties

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 51, 4, 617-633
Full investigation of nonadiabatic dynamical characterization in arbitrary quenching process
Creators: name: Fang, Panpan
name: Shi, Xinwei
name: Wang, Yi-Xiang
name: Li, Fuxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, dynamical characterization of bulk topology has been experimentally realized under nonadiabatic sudden quench dynamics. However, it has been shown that only the topology of final phase can be characterized when the system is quenched from initial topologically trivial phase. In this paper, taking the two-dimensional Chern insulator as an example, we make a thorough investigation of different types of quenching processes under nonadiabatic slow quench dynamics, and study not only the processes between nontrivial phase and trivial phase, but also between the phases with different topological invariants. We find that, under slow quench dynamics, both the initial and final topological phase can be characterized and the topological invariant can be captured by time-averaged spin polarization. Moreover, different types of processes can be distinguished from the special regions where the time-averaged spin polarization vanishes. All the dynamical characterization schemes are entirely based on the experimentally measurable quantity time-averaged spin polarization, and thus one can expect our findings may provide reference for future experiments.
description: 11 pages,10 figures
Correlation of soil available potassium rapidly analyzed by ion selective electrode and extracted by soil potassium extractants
Creators: name: Waichayanee Manatthammakul, Natthapol Chittamart
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2023
Subjects: ion-selective probe
potassium
soil extractants
soil analysis
correlation

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 51, 4, 634-647
The influence of freestream turbulence on the development of a wind turbine wake
Creators: name: Gambuzza, Stefano
name: Ganapathisubramani, Bharathram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wake of an isolated model-scale wind turbine is analysed in a set of inflow conditions having freestream turbulence intensity between 3 % and 12 %, and integral time scales in the range of 0.1 to 10 times the convective timescale based on the turbine diameter. It is observed that the wake generated by the turbine evolves more rapidly, with the onset of the wake evolution being closer to the turbine, for high turbulence intensity and low integral time scale flows, in accordance with literature, while flows at higher integral time scales result in a slow wake evolution, akin to that generated by low-turbulence inflow conditions despite the highly-turbulent ambient condition. The delayed onset of the wake evolution is connected to the stability of the shear layer enveloping the near wake, which is favoured for low-turbulence or high-integral time scale flows, and to the stability of the helical vortex set surrounding the wake, as this favours interaction events and prevents momentum exchange at the wake boundary which hinder wake evolution. The rate at which the velocity in the wake recovers to undisturbed conditions is instead analytically shown to be a function of the Reynolds shear stress at the wake centreline, an observation that is confirmed by measurements. The rate of production of Reynolds shear stress in the wake is then connected to the power harvested by the turbine to explain the differences between flows at constant turbulence intensity and different integral time scales.
description: 26 pages, 21 figures. Velocity snapshots available at https://doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D2197
Influence of ZnO-NPs foliar application on soil microbial activities in sunflower fields treated with chemical fertilizers compared with organic materials
Creators: name: Bhanudacha Kamolmanit, Natthakittiya Paiboon
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2023
Subjects: Zn oxide nanoparticle
CO2 emissions
soil organic carbon
phenoloxidase
?-glucosidase

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 51, 4, 648-661
The Schönberg-Chandrasekhar limit in presence of small anisotropy and modified gravity
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Shaswata
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schönberg-Chandrasekhar limit in post main sequence evolution for stars of masses in the range $1.4\lesssim M/M_{\odot}\lesssim 6$ gives the maximum pressure that the stellar core can withstand, once the central hydrogen is exhausted. It is usually expressed as a quadratic function of $1/α$, with $α$ being the ratio of the mean molecular weight of the core to that of the envelope. Here, we revisit this limit in scenarios where the pressure balance equation in the stellar interior may be modified, and in the presence of small stellar pressure anisotropy, that might arise due to several physical phenomena. Using numerical analysis, we derive a three parameter dependent master formula for the limit, and discuss various physical consequences. As a byproduct, in a limiting case of our formula, we find that in the standard Newtonian framework, the Schönberg-Chandrasekhar limit is best fitted by a polynomial that is linear, rather than quadratic, to lowest order in $1/α$.
description: To appear in MNRAS