cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved Dairy Technology to Smallholders in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia: Experiences and Way Forward
Creators: name: Gojam, Yohannes
name: Hunde, Direba
name: Shumiye, Molla
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: Progressive achievements gained from introduction of dairy technology to smallholder farmers in the central highlands Ethiopia had brought significant changes in the income and improvement in the smallholder farmer standard of life. The numbers of crossbred dairy cows reaching the smallholders have increased. This study was initiated to show the farmers benefit gained from the full package of technology transfer to the smallholders in the high lands of Ethiopia. A total of 81 farm households (65 Male and 16 Female) were considered to use the improved dairy technology transfer at their level of managements . The Least squares Means Average daily milk yield ADMY were significantly varied at each district (p<0.05). Higher daily milk yields were obtained from Walmara (9.43 ± 0.29 kg/day) followed by Dire inchini (8.92 ± 0.41 kg/day) while lower yields were from Ginchi and Gohatsion (7.89 ± 0.41 & 6.62 ± 0.55 kg/day) respectively. Lactation Milk Yield (LMY) and estimated lactation length (LL) also significantly (P<0.05) varied between the studied villages. The overall milk price at the four districts was 12.00 Dire Inchini, 10.5 Walmara, 8.50 Gohatsion and 7.50,Eth birr respectively. The price of milk fluctuates from 7.50 to 12.00 Ethi birr. Eventhough farmers have tried to organize themselves into dairy cooperatives to overcome price fluctuations. The result of this study revealed that applications of full packages of improved dairy technology to smallholder realized a growing annual income for the smallholders. Farmers willing to acquire crossbred dairy cows are increasing and are far in excess of the current supply. Advanced smallholder farmers training and strengthening linkages between stakeholders could promote dairy production to dairy commercialization.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017)
Questions and Answers
Creators: name: Besek, June M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Archives
subject: Archival materials--Conservation and restoration
subject: Internet--Law and legislation
subject: Intellectual property
subject: Electronic records
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: "I guess one question would be: what are the prospects for the legislation? This is just sort of following up on where you left us. We saw the barriers, and then what?"
Characterization of Vermicompost for Major Plant Nutrient Contents and Manuring Value
Creators: name: Kifle, Derib
name: Shumi, Gemechu
name: Degefa, Abera
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: The study was conducted at Bako Agricultural Research Centre (BARC) during 2015–2016.The experiment was designed to characterize vermicomposts prepared from residue of main crops in the area and animal wastes in terms of major plant nutrient composition in order to identify the best quality compost. Fourteen types of bedding and feed materials combination were used as a treatment which was transformed in to vermicompost after 3 months to give a uniform humus like loamy material. Laboratory analysis of the vermicompost for its chemical property and nutrient composition revealed that unlike the pH value of conventional compost which falls in alkaline array detrimental to growth of plants, the pH values of all type of vermicompost were found in suitable range for plant growth. In terms of % organic carbon, CN ratio and total nitrogen content, all types of vermicompost has out smarted the conventional compost significantly. The vermicompost obtained from the combination of maize stover, niger seed residue and sheep manure as well as that produced from combination of soybean residue, Niger seed straw and sheep Manure have shown higher value of 2.42%. . However, these types of vermicomposts were found to be very poor in other primary and secondary plant nutrient elements. With regard to other plant growth limiting nutrients the vermicompost produced from soybean residue and cattle manure scored a higher value in total phosphorus, total potassium and total magnesium. The result of this study indicated that in spite of supplying other macro and micro nutrients needed for plant growth, 4.64 tons of this vermicompost can replace the recommended amount of urea(92 kg N), supplying simultaneously 139 kg of DAP (64.49 kg P205), an amount which exceeds the blanket recommended dose of phosphorus for maize. Thus, by virtue of the accessibility of raw materials, simplicity of its production and better availability of the nutrient contained in it to the plant, utilizing the vermicompost of soybean straw and cattle manure has a paramount importance in enhancing crop productivity and improving soil fertility.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017)
Welcome and Introductory Remarks
Creators: name: Besek, June M.
name: Meyers, Jack
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Copyright
subject: Electronic records
subject: Archival materials--Conservation and restoration
subject: Intellectual property
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: "Digital archives and libraries have long been an interest of the Kernochan Center and that’s why we wanted them to be the focus of our annual symposium this year. We hope to speak about them on a couple of levels, both the theoretical and the practical, and provide some guidance, but also think about the bigger picture."
Fish Distribution and Abundance in the Upper Awash River, West Shewa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wubie, Alemayehu
name: Tadesse, Zenebe
name: Tesfay, Genanew
name: Lakew, Aschalew
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: The study was conducted to assess the impact of agricultural and industrial wastes on the distribution and relative abundance of fish along the upper Awash River Basin. Fishes were collected using electrofishing apparatus from three sampling sites along the river representing different levels of anthropogenic impacts on the river. A total of 1912 fish belonging to five species were collected from all sampling sites. Nearly 73.43% of the fish were collected from the pool as compared with that of rifle habitat. Fish abundance varied significantly (p<0.05) between the sampling sites. Generally, diversity of fish and abundance declined drastically from the less impacted site towards the downstream sites S2 and S3 indicating the impact of agricultural and industrial effluents on the fish fauna of the river Awash.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017)
Geochemical Source Analysis: Preliminaries and Potential at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Creators: name: Abtosway, Matthew
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Olduvai
subject: Geochemical
subject: XRF
subject: Portable XRF
subject: Sourcing
subject: Quartzite
subject: Naibor Soit
subject: Archaeology

description: The Early Stone Age of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania encompasses the transition between Oldowan and Acheulian industries as well as the complex overlap of multiple hominin species in a diverse and changing environment. Interpretations of behaviour have relied heavily on the analysis of stone tools with discussions of material provenance in the region limited to macroscopically observable traits. These characteristics were recorded for the geological samples collected from quartzite, phonolite, granite and gneiss formations before preparation for x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). A combination of desktop and portable models were employed and protocols compared. The results established that intra-source variability is significantly less than inter-source for many elements, validating a geochemical approach to raw material discrimination. Quartzites, rarely the subject of geochemical sourcing exercises, have been successfully assigned to outcrops with a success rate of over 74% through discriminant analysis using desktop XRF. Portable XRF results demonstrated that method not suitable for discriminating quartzite outcrops that were found to vary primarily by trace elements. The necessity of appropriate reference standards and the production of quartzite specific calibrations to ensure that results are replicable outside of study was confirmed by consideration of the United States Geological Survey RGM-2 powdered standard. The geochemical characteristics of potential lithic raw material sources in the immediate vicinity of Olduvai Gorge was determined, providing the foundation for the assignment of archaeological materials to the source.
Direct Detection and Orbit Analysis of the Exoplanets HR 8799 bcd from Archival 2005 Keck/NIRC2 Data
Creators: name: Currie, Thayne
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Thalmann, Christian
name: Matsumura, Soko
name: Plavchan, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present previously unpublished July 2005 $H$-band coronagraphic data of the young, planet-hosting star HR 8799 from the newly-released Keck/NIRC2 archive. Despite poor observing conditions, we detect three of the planetary companions (HR 8799 bcd), two of them (HR 8799 bc) without advanced image processing. Comparing these data with previously published 1998-2011 astrometry and that from re-reduced October 2010 Keck data constrains the orbits of the planets. Analyzing the planets' astrometry separately, HR 8799 d's orbit is likely inclined at least 25$^\circ$ from face-on and the others may be on in inclined orbits. For semimajor axis ratios consistent with a 4:2:1 mean-motion resonance, our analysis yields precise values for HR 8799 bcd's orbital parameters and strictly constrains the planets' eccentricities to be less than 0.18--0.3. However, we find no acceptable orbital solutions with this resonance that place the planets in face-on orbits; HR 8799 d shows the largest deviation from such orbits. Moreover, few orbits make HR 8799 d coplanar with b and c, whereas dynamical stability analyses used to constrain the planets' masses typically assume coplanar and/or face-on orbits. This paper illustrates the significant science gain enabled with the release of the NIRC2 archive.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, ApJ Letters in press
The relation between implementability and the core
Creators: name: Miyagawa, Eiichi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper proves a simple and general theorem on resource-allocation mechanisms that achieve Pareto efficiency. We say that a mechanism (game form) is normal if at any action profile, an agent who obtains his endowments neither pays nor receives a positive amount. In the context of auctions, this simply means that losers receive no bill. We prove that for any normal mechanism, if its Nash equilibrium allocations are Pareto efficient for all preference profiles, then the equilibrium allocations are necessarily in the core. The result holds for a large class of allocation problems in which monetary transfers are feasible and the consumption space is discrete except for the space of transfers. Examples include auctions with any number of objects, economies with indivisible public goods, marriage problems, and coalition formation.
p-Wave holographic superconductors with Weyl corrections
Creators: name: Momeni, D.
name: Majd, N.
name: Myrzakulov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the (3+1) dimensional p-wave holographic superconductors with Weyl corrections both numerically and analytically. We describe numerically the behavior of critical temperature $T_{c}$ with respect to charge density $ρ$ in a limited range of Weyl coupling parameter $γ$ and we find in general the condensation becomes harder with the increase of parameter $γ$. In strong coupling limit of Yang-Mills theory, we show that the minimum value of $T_{c}$ obtained from analytical approach is in good agreement with the numerical results, and finally show how we got remarkably a similar result in the critical exponent 1/2 of the chemical potential $μ$ and the order parameter$$ with the numerical curves of superconductors.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. One refrence added, presentations improved
Economic growth and the environment: What can we learn from household data?
Creators: name: Talikoff, Alexander Strickland Pfaff
name: Chaudhuri, Shubham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The fuel-use decisions of households in developing economies, because they directly influence the level of indoor air quality that these households enjoy (with its attendant health effects), provide a natural arena for empirically assessing latent preferences towards the environment and how these evolve with increases in income. Such an assessment is critical for a better understanding of the likely effects of aggregate economic growth on the environment. Using household data from Pakistan we estimate Engel curves for traditional (dirty) and modern (clean) fuels. Our results provide empirical support for the household choice framework developed in Pfaff, Chaudhuri and Nye (2002a), which suggests that even if environmental quality is a normal good, non-monotonic environmental Engel curves can arise. Under plausible assumptions about the emissions implied by fuel use, our estimates yield an inverted-U relationship between indoor air pollution and income, mirroring the environmental Kuznets curves that have been documented using aggregate data. We then demonstrate, through a simple voting model, that this household-choice framework can generate aggregate EKCs even in a multi-agent setting with heterogeneous households and purely external environmental effects.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 10, No 1 (2015)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2015

description: Expanding polynomials over finite fields of large characteristic, and a regularity lemma for definable sets
Graphs embedded into finite projective planes
A curious polynomial interpolation of Carlitz-Riordan's q-ballot numbers
On uniformly resolvable {K_2, P_k}-designs with with k=3,4
Chasing robbers on percolated random geometric graphs
Visibility-monotonic polygon deflation
Legal default rules: The case of wrongful discharge laws
Creators: name: MacLeod, W. Bentley
name: Nakavachara, Voraprapa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: One of the most vexing public policy issues is the extent to which governments should intervene into private contractual relationships. The purpose of this paper is to explore both theoretically and empirically the extent to which such interventions may enhance efficiency. In the case of employment law, economists have traditionally taken the view that intervention, such as protection against wrongful discharge, simply undoes the original intent of the parties to the agreement. We find that both the good faith and the implied contract exceptions to employment at will may enhance employment in occupations characterized by high levels of investment. These results suggest that under the appropriate conditions courts may enhance the operation of a competitive market by setting appropriate default remedies for breach of contract.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2016

description: On the chromatic index of Latin squares
A theorem on fractional ID-(g,f)-factor-critical graphs
On universally rigid frameworks on the line
A Lower Bound for Radio $k$-chromatic Number of an Arbitrary Graph
Triangle-free Uniquely 3-Edge Colorable Cubic Graphs
On bisectors in normed planes
Measuring Cerebral Oxygenation in Healthy and Concussed Brain Using Frequency Domain Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fdNIRS)
Creators: name: Dleikan, Diane
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience

description: Concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major public health concern that affects millions of people annually. The current metrics used to assess and diagnose concussion are largely subjective. There is a need for an objective neuroimaging tool to directly measure brain physiology and provide insight into recovery. Such a tool would supplement current subjective metrics used to monitor and index severity of injury. There is also a need to better understand the pathophysiology of concussion. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive optical imaging tool used to measure aspects of microvascular hemoglobin oxygenation. In this study, we apply NIRS to quantify cerebral oxygenation (StO2), which has been used as an indicator of oxygen delivery to assess injury severity and tissue damage. We measured StO2 in a large cohort population with varying ages, and compared this to two post-concussive groups. In the first, a small varsity cohort, cerebral oxygenation was reduced in athletes who reported increased symptom severity. In the second, a pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC) cohort, cerebral oxygenation was increased when compared to age and gender matched controls. We also found that exercise is a potential confounding variable to consider when assessing concussion on the sideline, as we reported increases in StO2 in most varsity football players after practice. We report intriguing but not conclusive evidence that concussion can cause acute reduction in oxygenation, which may indicate changes in brain physiology immediately after injury. Overall, this thesis demonstrated that prefrontal cortex StO2, measured by NIRS, has the potential for monitoring brain physiology during concussion recovery in a clinical and sport setting.
Acquired Mechanisms of Bicuspid Aortic Valve-Associated Aortopathy
Creators: name: Guzzardi, David G.
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: bicuspid aortic valve
subject: aortopathy
subject: fluoroquinolone
subject: extracellular matrix
subject: wall shear stress
subject: Medicine and Surgery

description: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV)-associated aortopathy is characterized by progressive aortic extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling leading to aneurysm, dissection or rupture. The cause of this aortopathy is unclear; a genetically-driven basis has been favoured, but recent studies implicating an acquired valve-mediated hemodynamic mechanism have challenged this long-standing view despite no clear link between aortic hemodynamics and ECM remodeling having been delineated. We hypothesized that aortopathy in human BAV patients is influenced by valve-mediated wall shear stress (WSS) in a regionally-dependent manner. Aortic tissue specimens from BAV patients that received pre-operative 3-dimensional time-resolved phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) to compute regional WSS were assessed quantitatively for their expression of aortopathy. Compared to aortic tissue subjected to normal WSS, adjacent tissue from the same BAV aortas subjected to regionally-elevated WSS exhibited demonstrably worse elastic fiber histopathology, increased protease expression and elevated levels of transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1) consistent with maladaptive aortic ECM remodeling. We also observed that incremental increases in aortic WSS in the human BAV aorta correlate with increased severity of elastic fiber histopathology, and that this association is most strongly observed in BAV patients with primary stenosis and in mildly-dilated (< 4.5 cm) aortas in the earlier stages of disease. These novel data support a critical role for valve-mediated hemodynamics in coordinating the expression of BAV-associated aortopathy and dispute the assumption that aortic pathology in these patients is primarily driven by genetics. Fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic use constitutes another acquired mechanism of aortopathy that may place BAV patients with pre-existing aortic pathology at risk of disease exacerbation. However, no cellular mechanism has been provided underlying this association. We hypothesized that in aortic myofibroblast cells from BAV-associated aortopathy patients, FQ exposure would alter the proteolytic profile favouring ECM dysregulation and modulate collagen expression. We observed that FQ exposure generates a functional increase in ECM degradation driven by reduced tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) alongside impaired compensatory collagen-1 expression. These findings may explain the increased incidence of acquired FQ-associated aortopathy and encourage judicious use of FQ in BAV patients with pre-existing aortic pathology.
The world distribution of income (estimated from individual country distributions)
Creators: name: Sala-I-Martin, Xavier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: We estimate the world distribution of income by integrating individual income distributions for 125 countries between 1970 and 1998. We estimate poverty rates and headcounts by integrating the density function below the $1/day and $2/day poverty lines. We find that poverty rates decline substantially over the last twenty years. We compute poverty headcounts and find that the number of one-dollar poor declined by 235 million between 1976 and 1998. The number of $2/day poor declined by 450 million over the same period. We analyze poverty across different regions and countries. Asia is a great success, especially after 1980. Latin America reduced poverty substantially in the 1970s but progress stopped in the 1980s and 1990s. The worst performer was Africa, where poverty rates increased substantially over the last thirty years: the number of $1/day poor in Africa increased by 175 million between 1970 and 1998, and the number of $2/day poor increased by 227. Africa hosted 11% of the world's poor in 1960. It hosted 66% of them in 1998. We estimate seven indexes of income inequality implied by our world distribution of income. All of them show substantial reductions in global income inequality during the 1980s and 1990s.
The ethical and political function of revolt in Julia Kristeva's novels
Creators: name: Rus, Laura Bianca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study examines the various ways in which Julia Kristeva’s novels complement her theoretical writings in reflecting on and responding to the cultural and political crises of European identity and the urgency of assuming responsibility for its heritage. By foregrounding Eastern and Western European aspects of her thought, Kristeva’s novels develop and illustrate the view that the crisis of Europe is not just collective, cultural and political. It also entails the suffering of individuals who are physically and/or psychologically oppressed and repressed, with a particular focus on female foreigners whose capacity to participate in the production of “what” and “who” is counted as European is limited or stifled. Kristeva’s notion of revolt, seen as an important aspect of European tradition, serves as a framework to examine her four novels, and the first chapter presents a critical account of the ethical, therapeutic and political functions of revolt in her novels. The four subsequent chapters provide a detailed analysis of the novels, each examining one particular aspect of revolt. In analysing The Samurai, the notion of writing as thought serves to examine the impact of the French Revolution and May 1968 on women and foreigners. The Old Man and the Wolves illustrates individual resistance against a totalitarian regime through action as thought. In Possessions, a focus on imaginary decapitations in relation to matricide reveals the emergence of specular thought as a form of revolt. Murder in Byzantium provides an account of thought as freedom, in a Europe (past and present) where the society of the spectacle (from religion to consumerism) leaves little room for individual creative or critical expression. This research shows how Kristeva situates feminine sensibility and creativity as alternative spaces that can generate new ways for rethinking the cultural and political memory of Europe, in such a way as to assume responsibility for its heritage as well as for its future.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 11, No 1 (2016)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2016

description: Distinct values of bilinear forms on algebraic curves
Diagonal recurrence relations for the Stirling numbers of the first kind
Automorphisms of circulants that respect partitions
Barnes-type Boole polynomials
The annihilating-ideal graph of $\mathbb{Z}_n$ is weakly perfect
Quantum superpositions of crystalline structures
Creators: name: Baltrusch, Jens D.
name: Cormick, Cecilia
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
name: Calarco, Tommaso
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A procedure is discussed for creating coherent superpositions of motional states of ion strings. The motional states are across the structural transition linear-zigzag, and their coherent superposition is achieved by means of spin-dependent forces, such that a coherent superposition of the electronic states of one ion evolves into an entangled state between the chain's internal and external degrees of freedom. It is shown that the creation of such an entangled state can be revealed by performing Ramsey interferometry with one ion of the chain.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Electric-field-driven polymer entry into asymmetric nanoscale channels
Creators: name: Nikoofard, Narges
name: Fazli, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric-field-driven entry process of flexible charged polymers such as single stranded DNA (ssDNA) into asymmetric nanoscale channels such as alpha-hemolysin protein channel is studied theoretically and using molecular dynamics simulations. Dependence of the height of the free-energy barrier on the polymer length, the strength of the applied electric field and the channel entrance geometry is investigated. It is shown that the squeezing effect of the driving field on the polymer and the lateral confinement of the polymer before its entry to the channel crucially affect the barrier height and its dependence on the system parameters. The attempt frequency of the polymer for passing the channel is also discussed. Our theoretical and simulation results support each other and describe related data sets of polymer translocation experiments through the alpha-hemolysin protein channel reasonably well.
Outcomes Associated with Participation in a Social Intervention for Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Matchullis, Ryan Luke
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Autism
subject: Social Skills
subject: Parent Child Relationships
subject: Executive Function
subject: Mental Health
subject: Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Psychology--Developmental

description: Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and without intellectual impairment face a myriad of social and relational challenges targeted by many social skills training programs (SSTPs). One such program, the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS), has an existing evidence base supporting the learning of curricular objectives. However, adolescents with ASD have additional challenges that may impact or be impacted by their social difficulties, including potential mental health problems, executive functioning (i.e., cognitive flexibility and inhibition) impairment, and parent-child relationship challenges. The current study expanded on previous research by examining the above-mentioned factors in adolescents who attended PEERS in a Canadian context. After inclusionary criteria were applied and data quality were examined, the final sample included 42 families (78% male), with adolescents ranging in age from 13 years, 6 months to 18 years, 8 months. Participation was associated with initial significant gains in social skills that were not maintained at follow-up. Though no improvements were seen in adolescent participants’ cognitive flexibility, their inhibitory control was significantly improved and maintained. Contrary to hypotheses, no changes in important markers of adolescent mental health were noted. Examination of parent-child relationships revealed significant positive relations between both attachment and communication and the social skills improvements made by adolescents. The findings from this study have important implications for the ongoing delivery of PEERS and provide insight into the relations between improving social relationships and skills for adolescents with ASD and other important secondary outcomes.
Electron spin resonance study of the LaIn3-xSnx superconducting system
Creators: name: Bittar, E. M.
name: Adriano, C.
name: Giles, C.
name: Rettori, C.
name: Fisk, Z.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LaIn3-xSnx alloy system is composed of superconducting Pauli paramagnets. For LaIn3 the superconducting critical temperature T_c is approximately 0.7 K and it shows an oscillatory dependence as a function of Sn substitution, presenting its highest value T_c ~ 6.4 K for the LaSn3 end member. The superconducting state of these materials was characterized as being of the conventional type. We report our results for Gd3+ electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements in the LaIn3-xSnx compounds as a function of x. We show that the effective exchange interaction parameter J_fs between the Gd3+ 4f local moment and the s-like conduction electrons is almost unchanged by Sn substitution and observe microscopically that LaSn3 is a conventional superconductor.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Replaced with the published version and updated the bibliographic information
Indexation, Inflation and Central Bank Independence
Creators: name: Pecchi, Lorenzo
name: Piga, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: We provide a model which analyzes the effect on equilibrium inflation of different degrees of labor-market indexation. We show that time-inconsistency models cannot account fully for the stylized fact of policy-makers distaste for indexation clauses. In our model the Central Bank and the government interact, pressed by lobbying groups for redistribution through unexpected inflation. We find that inflation increased as indexation increases. The cornerstone of our model is that indexation changes the incentives of the various interest groups that press the government thereby changing the equilibrium inflation rate. A corollary of our model is that Central Bank independence is going to be successful only in societies with anti-inflationary preferences, reversing the traditional causality from independence to inflation.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 11, No 2 (2017)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2017

description: Contractions of Polygons in Abstract Polytopes, Part I
A class of spherical folding subdivisions
On the  Equation $\displaystyle{\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{x_i}=1} $ in Distinct Odd or Even Numbers
On monochromatic linear recurrence sequences
Sufficient conditions for certain structural properties of graphs based on Wiener-type indices
Fully Indecomposable and Nearly Decomposable Graphs
New combinatorial interpretations of some Rogers-Ramanujan type identities
Yield Response of Common Bean to Phosphorus, Lime and Compost Application at Areka, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Shanka, Dereje
name: Dechassa, Nigussie
name: Gebeyehu, Setegn
name: Elias, Eyasu
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: Field experiments were conducted to investigate the response of common bean to the application of phosphorus, lime and compost under field condition at Areka during Belg and Meher seasons in 2013. The treatments consisted of three rates of compost (0, 5 and 10 tonnes ha-1), three rates of lime (0, 0.64 and 1.28 tonne ha-1) and three rates of phosphorus (0, 23 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1). The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement and replicated three times. The results revealed that main effects of compost, lime, and phosphorus were significant for number of pods plant-1 and number of seeds pod-1. Grain yield responded to two-factor interactions effect of lime × phosphorus in both seasons and compost × phosphorus, compost × lime only in Belg and lime × phosphorus in Meher season. Hence, in Belg the maximum (2834.9 kg ha-1) grain yield was obtained as a result of combined application of lime and phosphorus at rates of 1.28 tonne and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Similarly, in Meher the highest grain yield (2418.1 kg ha-1) was obtained due to application of compost and lime at rates of 10 and 1.28 tonnes ha-1, respectively. However, application of phosphorus alone at rate of 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 was found economically viable. In conclusion, considering immediate economic benefit application of phosphorus at the aforementioned rate is vital, whereas for long-term sustainable improvement of the soil and productivity combined application of the technologies is recommended.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017)
An Oort cloud origin for the high-inclination, high-perihelion Centaurs
Creators: name: Brasser, R.
name: Schwamb, M. E.
name: Lykawka, P. S.
name: Gomes, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the origin of three Centaurs with perihelia in the range 15 AU to 30 AU, inclinations above 70 deg and semi-major axes shorter than 100 AU. Based on long-term numerical simulations we conclude that these objects most likely originate from the Oort cloud rather than the Kuiper Belt or Scattered Disc. We estimate that there are currently between 1 and 200 of these high-inclination, high-perihelion Centaurs with absolute magnitude H<8.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
African Traditional Healers: Incentives and Skill in Health Care Delivery
Creators: name: Leonard, Kenneth L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Economics
Public health

description: The benefit of health care comes not just from the ability of health care providers to produce health but from their motivation to do so as well. The fact that traditional healers in Africa are paid on the basis of health outcomes not services provided changes the incentives they face compared to those of modern health care providers. This paper documents these payment methods in Cameroun and explores the different incentives faced by practitioners in government and church-based facilities as well as traditional healers. To test whether such incentives make a difference in the provision of health care I use a multinomial logit analysis of an original data set from Cameroun on patients' choice of provider and show that patients choose practitioners as if they were aware of the difference in incentives. Thus, though patients cannot perfectly evaluate the quality of health they receive or would have received, they can evaluate expected quality by examining incentives.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2017

description: Bounds on several versions of restrained domination number
Geometric Algorithms for Minimal Enclosing Disks in Strictly Convex Normed Planes
Congruences modulo powers of 2 and  3 for a restricted binary partition function a la Andrews and Lewis
Independence complexes and incidence graphs
STAR SUPER EDGE MAGIC DEFICIENCY OF GRAPHS
α-Resolvable λ-fold G-designs
Comments on the Golden Partition Conjecture
Some non-existence results for distance-$j$ ovoids in small generalized polygons
Characterizations and algorithms for generalized Cops and Robbers games
Closing the Gap: Eternal Domination on 3 x n Grids
The conjugacy problem for automorphism groups of homogeneous digraphs
ON THE SPECTRUM OF OCTAGON QUADRANGLE SYSTEMS OF ANY INDEX
Conjectures on uniquely 3-edge-colorable graphs
First-Fit coloring of Cartesian product graphs and its defining sets
The Spectrum of Balanced P^(3)(1, 5)-Designs
Product quality at the plant level: Plant size, exports, output prices and input prices in Colombia
Creators: name: Kugler, Maurice
name: Verhoogen, Eric A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper uses uniquely rich and representative data on the unit values of "outputs" (products) and inputs of Colombian manufacturing plants to draw inferences about the extent of quality differentiation at the plant level. We extend the Melitz (2003) framework to include heterogeneity of inputs and a complementarity between plant productivity and input quality in producing output quality and we show that the resulting model carries distinctive implications for two simple reduced-form correlations - between output prices and plant size and between input prices and plant size - and for how those correlations vary across sectors. We then document three plant level facts: (1) output prices are positively correlated with plant size within industries, on average; (2) input prices are positively correlated with plant size within industries, on average; and (3) both correlations are more positive in industries with more scope for quality differentiation, as measured by the advertising and R&D intensity of U.S. firms. The correlations between export status and input and output prices are similar to those for plant size. These facts are consistent with our model of quality differentiation of both outputs and inputs, and difficult to reconcile with models that assume homogeneity or symmetry of either set of goods. Beyond recommending an amendment of the Melitz (2003) model, the results highlight shortcomings of standard methods of productivity estimation, generalize and provide an explanation for the well-known employer size-wage effect, and suggest new channels through which liberalization of trade in output markets may affect input markets and vice-versa.
Reduced-form implementation
Creators: name: Miyagawa, Eiichi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper studies resource-allocation mechanisms by using a reduced-form notion of mechanism. We formulate a mechanism by specifying the state space of the mechanism, the set of outcomes that agents can induce in a given state, and the set of admissible outcomes in each state. This notion of mechanism includes the Walrasian mechanism and majority voting as well as all game forms. With this notion, monotonicity is not only necessary but sufficient for a social choice correspondence to be implementable. Our main result is that in the context of exchange economies, if a mechanism implements a sub-correspondence of the Pareto correspondence and satisfies localness (one's "budget set" in a given state is independent of other agents' endowments), then the mechanism necessarily implements a sub-correspondence of the core correspondence. If the mechanism also satisfies anonymity, then it actually implements a sub-correspondence of the Walrasian equilibrium correspondence.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 8, No 1 (2013)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2013

description: Computations in cubic function fields of characteristic three
An improved bound on the number of point-surface incidences in three dimensions
Convex sublattices of a lattice and a fixed point property
Quasi--Hermitian varieties in PG(r,q^2), q even
2L convex polyominoes: discrete tomographical aspects
Colouring isonemal fabrics with more than two colours by thick striping
Exponentials of Bounded Normal Operators
Creators: name: Chaban, Aicha
name: Mortad, Mohammed Hichem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present paper is mainly concerned with equations involving exponentials of bounded normal operators. Conditions implying commutativity of those normal operators are given. This is carried out without the known $2πi$-congruence-free hypothesis. It is also a continuation of a recent work by the corresponding author.
description: 07 pages
Sensorimotor robotic changes of tDCS and HD-tDCS enhanced motor learning in children
Creators: name: Cole, Lauran
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pediatrics
subject: Motor learning
subject: Brain stimulation
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Robotics

description: Non-invasive brain stimulation, such as transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), can alter cortical excitability and human behavior but investigations to date have been limited in pediatrics. Emerging neurostimulation technologies such as high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) are unstudied in the developing brain. Application of tDCS can safely enhance motor skill acquisition in children but mechanisms are poorly understood. Robotics can objectively quantify sensorimotor function and may examine functional changes associated with motor learning and neurostimulation. We aimed to characterize the effects of tDCS and HD-tDCS on motor learning in healthy children. Our randomized, blinded, sham-controlled five day interventional trial demonstrated that both tDCS and HD-tDCS can enhance motor learning with medium to large effect sizes, lasting effects, and favorable safety and tolerability. To explore changes in sensorimotor function accompanying enhanced motor learning, a validated robotic protocol was performed before and after the trial. Motor training was associated with changes in sensory and motor function with less evident effects of stimulation. Both tDCS and HD-tDCS enhance motor learning in children while robotics can explore associated behavioural mechanisms, both of which promise to advance neurorehabilitation strategies in disabled children.
Reputations, relationships and the enforcement of incomplete contracts
Creators: name: MacLeod, W. Bentley
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This paper discusses the literature on the enforcement of incomplete contracts. It compares legal enforcement to enforcement via relationships and reputations. A number of mechanisms, such as the repeat purchase mechanism (Klein and Leffler (1981)) and efficiency wages (Shapiro and Stiglitz (1984)), have been offered as solutions to the problem of enforcing an incomplete contract. It is shown that the efficiency of these solutions is very sensitive to the characteristics of the good or service exchanged. In general, neither the repeat purchase mechanism nor efficiency wages is the most efficient in the set of possible relational contracts. In many situations, total output may be increased through the use of performance pay and through increasing the quality of law.
Seed and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates Effect on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Irrigated Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Werer, Middle Awash, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bahiru, Birke
name: Ashagre, Habtamu
name: Amanuel, Mihratu
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: An offseason field experiment was conducted in 2015-2016 at Werer agricultural research center, Middle Awash, Afar regional state to determine effect of seed and nitrogen fertilizer rates on growth, yield and yield components of irrigated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments were factorial combination of five nitrogen levels (0, 23, 46, 69, and 92 kg N ha-1) with four seed rates (75, 100, 125, and 150 kg ha-1). The results of the study revealed that both main and interaction effect of N and seed rates affected leaf area, stand count, number of spikes, spikelet’s per spike, spike length, grain yield, thousand grain weight, biological yield, straw yield, and harvest index, while days to 50% seedling emergence (seed rate only), days to heading, days to 85% physiological maturity, plant height, effective tillers, total tillers, and number of kernels were affected by main effect of N levels only. Maximum and minimum grain and straw yields (3724.2kg/ha; 1206.5kg/ha) and (7783.9kg/ha; 3594.7kg/ha) were obtained at 92kg N/ha with 125kg/ha seed rate, and 0kgN/ha with 75kg/ha seed rate, respectively.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017)
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 8, No 2 (2013)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2014

description: Colouring stability two unit disk graphs
Translation planes of order 23^2
Elements of finite order in automorphism groups of homogeneous structures
The Erdős-Ko-Rado basis for a Leonard system
The exact maximal energy of integral circulant graphs with prime power order
Cycles, wheels, and gears in finite planes
Social Security and democracy
Creators: name: Mulligan, Casey B.
name: Gil, Ricard
name: Sala-I-Martin, Xavier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics
Public policy (Law)

description: Many political economic theories use and emphasize the process of voting in their explanation of the growth of Social Security, government spending, and other public policies. But is there an empirical connection between democracy and Social Security program size or design? Using some new international data sets to produce both country-panel econometric estimates as well as case studies of South American and southern European countries, we find that Social Security policy varies according to economic and demographic factors, but that very different political histories can result in the same Social Security policy. We find little partial effect of democracy on the size of Social Security budgets, on how those budgets are allocated, or how economic and demographic factors affect Social Security. If there is any observed difference, democracies spend a little less of their GDP on Social Security, grow their budgets a bit more slowly, and cap their payroll tax more often, than do economically and demographically similar nondemocracies. Democracies and nondemocracies are equally likely to have benefit formulas inducing retirement and, conditional on GDP per capita, equally likely to induce retirement with a retirement test vs. an earnings test.