cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The MASSIVE survey - XI. What drives the molecular gas properties of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Ma, Chung-Pei
name: Blakeslee, John P.
name: Dawson, James M.
name: Pandya, Viraj
name: Veale, Melanie
name: Zabel, Nikki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the molecular gas content of a representative sample of 67 of the most massive early-type galaxies in the local universe, drawn uniformly from the MASSIVE survey. We present new IRAM-30m telescope observations of 30 of these galaxies, allowing us to probe the molecular gas content of the entire sample to a fixed molecular-to-stellar mass fraction of 0.1%. The total detection rate in this representative sample is 25$^{+5.9}_{-4.4}$%, and by combining the MASSIVE and ATLAS$^{\rm 3D}$ molecular gas surveys we find a joint detection rate of 22.4$^{+2.4}_{-2.1}$%. This detection rate seems to be independent of galaxy mass, size, position on the fundamental plane, and local environment. We show here for the first time that true slow rotators can host molecular gas reservoirs, but the rate at which they do so is significantly lower than for fast-rotators. Objects with a higher velocity dispersion at fixed mass (a higher kinematic bulge fraction) are less likely to have detectable molecular gas, and where gas does exist, have lower molecular gas fractions. In addition, satellite galaxies in dense environments have $\approx$0.6 dex lower molecular gas-to-stellar mass ratios than isolated objects. In order to interpret these results we created a toy model, which we use to constrain the origin of the gas in these systems. We are able to derive an independent estimate of the gas-rich merger rate in the low-redshift universe. These gas rich mergers appear to dominate the supply of gas to ETGs, but stellar mass loss, hot halo cooling and transformation of spiral galaxies also play a secondary role.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Relationship between subjecting the qubit to dynamical decoupling and to a sequence of projective measurements
Creators: name: Sakuldee, Fattah
name: Cywiński, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a qubit coupled to another system (its environment), and discuss the relationship between the effects of subjecting the qubit to either a dynamical decoupling sequence of unitary operations, or a sequence of projective measurements. We give a formal statement concerning equivalence of a sequence of coherent operations on a qubit, precisely operations from a minimal set $\left\{\mathbf{I}_Q,\hatσ_x\right\}$, and a sequence of projective measurements of $\hatσ_x$ observable. Using it we show that when the qubit is subjected to $n$ such successive projective measurements at certain times, the expectation value of the {\it last} measurement can be expressed as a linear combination of expectation values of $\hatσ_x$ observed after subjecting the qubit to dynamical decoupling sequences of $π$ pulses, with $k\leq n$ of them applied at subsets of these times. Performing a sequence of measurements on the qubit gives then access to the same properties of the environment and qubit-environment coupling that are affecting the coherence observed in a dynamical decoupling experiment. Analysing the latter has been widely used to characterize the environmental dynamics (perform so-called noise spectroscopy), so our result shows how the results obtained with dynamical decoupling based protocols are related to those that can be obtained just by performing multiple measurements on the qubit. We also discuss in more detail the application of the general result to the case of the qubit undergoing pure dephasing, and outline possible extensions to higher-dimensional (a qudit or multiple qubits) systems.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
SafeAR: Safe Algorithmic Recourse by Risk-Aware Policies
Creators: name: Wu, Haochen
name: Sharma, Shubham
name: Patra, Sunandita
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing use of machine learning (ML) models in critical domains such as finance and healthcare, the need to offer recourse for those adversely affected by the decisions of ML models has become more important; individuals ought to be provided with recommendations on actions to take for improving their situation and thus receiving a favorable decision. Prior work on sequential algorithmic recourse -- which recommends a series of changes -- focuses on action feasibility and uses the proximity of feature changes to determine action costs. However, the uncertainties of feature changes and the risk of higher than average costs in recourse have not been considered. It is undesirable if a recourse could (with some probability) result in a worse situation from which recovery requires an extremely high cost. It is essential to incorporate risks when computing and evaluating recourse. We call the recourse computed with such risk considerations as Safe Algorithmic Recourse (SafeAR). The objective is to empower people to choose a recourse based on their risk tolerance. In this work, we discuss and show how existing recourse desiderata can fail to capture the risk of higher costs. We present a method to compute recourse policies that consider variability in cost and connect algorithmic recourse literature with risk-sensitive reinforcement learning. We also adopt measures "Value at Risk" and "Conditional Value at Risk" from the financial literature to summarize risk concisely. We apply our method to two real-world datasets and compare policies with different risk-aversion levels using risk measures and recourse desiderata (sparsity and proximity).
description: Accepted to AAAI 2024 main track with oral presentation; Supplemental material appended to main paper
Catillopecten translucens
Creators: name: Dijkstra, Henk H.
name: Maestrati, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Pectinida
Propeamussiidae
Catillopecten
Catillopecten translucens

description: Catillopecten translucens (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912)
Figs 34, 35
 Pecten (Cyclopecten) translucens Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912: 30, pl. 27, figs 5-6.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype (live) ZMA Moll. 3.12.008.
 FIGS 32-41. 32-33, Cyclopecten bavayi Dijkstra, 1990, SALOMON 1 stn CP 1781; 32, left valve exterior H 54 mm, L 6.2 mm; 33, right valve, exterior H 4.8, L 5 mm. 34-35, Catillopecten translucens (Dautzenberg & Bavay, 1912), MUSORSTOM 9 stn CP 1290; 34, left valve, exterior, H 6.5 mm, L 6.0 mm; 35, right valve, exterior, H 6.5 mm, L 6.0 mm. 36-41, S imilipecten herosae n. sp., holotype MNHN 20461, H 3.8 mm, L 4.1 mm, BORDAU 2 stn DW 1581; 36, left valve, exterior; 37, right valve, exterior; 38, left valve, interior; 39, right valve, interior; 40, left valve, microstructure, scale bar 400 Μm; 41, right valve, microstructure, scale bar 400 Μm.
 TYPE LOCALITY. — Indonesia, Makassar Strait, 0˚34.6’N, 119˚8.5’E, 1301 m, alive, yellow mud [Siboga stn 88].
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — The type material. Marquesas. MUSORSTOM 9: stn CP 1290, 8˚53’S, 139˚38’W, 341-344 m, 1 spm (Figs 34, 35).
DISTRIBUTION. — Indonesia; live in 1301 m. New record for the Marquesas Islands. Present specimen live in 341- 344 m.
 DESCRIPTION. — Shell small, up to c. 10 mm in height, fragile, semi-transparent, flattened, circular, inequivalve, nearly equilateral, left valve slightly inflated, right valve flat, posterior auricle somewhat curved below disc, demarcated by a fold and slightly larger than anterior, umbonal angle c. 110˚, colour whitish semi-transparent.
Left valve completely smooth and dull, without commarginal undulations, lacking macro- and microsculpture.
Right valve slightly more opaque than left valve, up to 1 mm high, glossy. Anterior auricle with delicate commarginal lirae, posterior smooth and continuous with disc. Hinge line straight. Internal ribs absent. Byssal notch relatively deep, byssal fasciole and ctenolium lacking.
REMARKS. — The present specimen from the Marquesas is similar to the type specimen from Indonesia, but differs in size (height 6 mm, typical 10 mm) and sculpture of the right valve, which has delicate commarginal lirae in the early growth stage (smooth in the type) and commarginal lirae on the anterior auricle of the right valve (smooth in the type). Other morphological characters are very similar.
description: Published as part of Dijkstra, Henk H. & Maestrati, Philippe, 2008, New species and new records of deep-water Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Entoliidae and Pectinidae) from the South Pacific, pp. 77-114 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on pages 99-100
Additional file 1 of Achieving NPVR ≥ 80% as technical success of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids: a cohort study
Creators: name: Li, Shuang
name: Yang, Meijie
name: Yu, Jingwen
name: Ma, Wangwa
name: Deng, Yongbin
name: Hu, Liang
name: Chen, Jin-Yun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Häuser, Palisaden – und „Gärten“? – vor über 5000 Jahren
Creators: name: Köninger, Joachim
name: Hagmann, Sabine
name: Märkle, Tanja
name: Marinova, Elena
name: Nelle, Oliver
Publisher: name: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege
Year: 2021

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2021)
Scalar Cosmological Perturbations from Quantum Entanglement within Lorentzian Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Jercher, Alexander F.
name: Marchetti, Luca
name: Pithis, Andreas G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the dynamics of (isotropic) scalar perturbations from the mean-field hydrodynamics of full Lorentzian quantum gravity, as described by a two-sector (timelike and spacelike) Barrett-Crane group field theory (GFT) model. The rich causal structure of this model allows us to consistently implement in the quantum theory the causal properties of a physical Lorentzian reference frame composed of four minimally coupled, massless, and free scalar fields. Using this frame, we are able to effectively construct relational observables that are used to recover macroscopic cosmological quantities. In particular, small isotropic scalar inhomogeneities emerge as a result of (relational) nearest-neighbor two-body entanglement between degrees of freedom of the underlying quantum gravity theory. The dynamical equations we obtain for geometric and matter perturbations show agreement with those of classical general relativity in the long-wavelength, super-horizon limit. In general, deviations become important for sub-horizon modes, which seem to be naturally associated with a trans-Planckian regime in our physical reference frame. We argue that these trans-Planckian corrections are quantum gravitational in nature. However, we explicitly show that for some physically interesting solutions these quantum gravity effects can be quite small, leading to a very good agreement with the classical GR behavior.
description: 44 + 18 pages, 6 figures
Performance Engineering for Real and Complex Tall & Skinny Matrix Multiplication Kernels on GPUs
Creators: name: Ernst, Dominik
name: Hager, Georg
name: Thies, Jonas
name: Wellein, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: General matrix-matrix multiplications with double-precision real and complex entries (DGEMM and ZGEMM) in vendor-supplied BLAS libraries are best optimized for square matrices but often show bad performance for tall & skinny matrices, which are much taller than wide. NVIDIA's current CUBLAS implementation delivers only a fraction of the potential performance as indicated by the roofline model in this case. We describe the challenges and key characteristics of an implementation that can achieve close to optimal performance. We further evaluate different strategies of parallelization and thread distribution, and devise a flexible, configurable mapping scheme. To ensure flexibility and allow for highly tailored implementations we use code generation combined with autotuning. For a large range of matrix sizes in the domain of interest we achieve at least 2/3 of the roofline performance and often substantially outperform state-of-the art CUBLAS results on an NVIDIA Volta GPGPU.
description: 12 pages, 22 figures. Extended version of arXiv:1905.03136v1 for journal submission
Ciclopecten fluctuatus
Creators: name: Dijkstra, Henk H.
name: Maestrati, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Pectinida
Pectinidae
Ciclopecten
Ciclopecten fluctuatus

description: Ciclopecten fluctuatus (Bavay, 1905)
 Pecten (Chlamys) fluctuatus Bavay, 1905: 188, pl. 17, figs 3a-b.
Other reference:
 Ciclopecten fluctuatus - Dijkstra & Marshall 2008: 48, figs 35, 40c, 40g.
 MATERIAL EXAMINED.— The type material (see Dijkstra 1995: 51). Marquesas. MUSORSTOM 9: stn CP 1272, 7˚55’S, 140˚44’W, 660-680 m, 1 spm.
DISTRIBUTION. — Andaman Sea, Indonesia, New Caledonia and Vanuatu; live in 225-566 m (Dijkstra 2001: 91). New record for the Marquesas Islands. Present specimen live in 660-680 m.
 REMARKS. — This species was formerly placed in Delectopecten (see Dijkstra 2001). However, examination of Pliocene material of C. peloritanus, the type species of Ciclopecten, from Italy, indicates that the present species is morphologically closer to Ciclopecten than to Delectopecten. It has similar commarginal undulations and antimarginal microsculpture. For a description of C. fluctuatus see Dijkstra (1995: 51).
The present specimen from the Marquesas is similar to the holotype from the Andaman Sea, but differs slightly in size (15 mm in height, holotype 10 mm), sculpture of the left valve (fine radial sculpture, holotype somewhat coarser) and the presence of delicate commarginal sculpture (nearly lacking in holotype). However, intermediate variants are also known (MNHN). Other characters are identical.
description: Published as part of Dijkstra, Henk H. & Maestrati, Philippe, 2008, New species and new records of deep-water Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae, Entoliidae and Pectinidae) from the South Pacific, pp. 77-114 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196 on pages 102-103
k-stretchability of entanglement, and the duality of k-separability and k-producibility
Creators: name: Szalay, Szilárd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notions of $k$-separability and $k$-producibility are useful and expressive tools for the characterization of entanglement in multipartite quantum systems, when a more detailed analysis would be infeasible or simply needless. In this work we reveal a partial duality between them, which is valid also for their correlation counterparts. This duality can be seen from a much wider perspective, when we consider the entanglement and correlation properties which are invariant under the permutations of the subsystems. These properties are labeled by Young diagrams, which we endow with a refinement-like partial order, to build up their classification scheme. This general treatment reveals a new property, which we call $k$-stretchability, being sensitive in a balanced way to both the maximal size of correlated (or entangled) subsystems and the minimal number of subsystems uncorrelated with (or separable from) one another.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures. v4: small fix in fig.1, does not affect results
Separability of rank two quantum states on multiple quantum spaces
Creators: name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Gao, Xiu-Hong
name: Wang, Xiao-Hong
name: Wang, Zhi-Xi
name: Wu, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explicit sufficient and necessary conditions for separability of $N$-dimensional rank two multiparty quantum mixed states are presented. A nonseparability inequality is also given, for the case where one of the eigenvectors corresponding to nonzero eigenvalues of the density matrix is maximally entangled.
description: 10 pages, Latex
Viscosity measurements in pulsed magnetic fields by using a quartz-crystal microbalance
Creators: name: Nomura, T.
name: Zherlitsyn, S.
name: Kohama, Y.
name: Wosnitza, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Viscosity measurements in combination with pulsed magnetic fields are developed by use of a quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM). When the QCM is immersed in liquid, the resonant frequency, $f_0$, and the quality factor, $Q$, of the QCM change depending on $(ρη)^{0.5}$, where $ρ$ is the mass density and $η$ the viscosity. During the magnetic-field pulse, $f_0$ and $Q$ of the QCM are simultaneously measured by a ringdown technique. The typical resolution of $(ρη)^{0.5}$ is 0.5 %. As a benchmark, the viscosity of liquid oxygen is measured up to 55 T.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Archäologie rund um den Wunnenstein bei Großbottwar
Creators: name: Benz, Annkatrin
name: Spatzier, André
Publisher: name: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege
Year: 2021

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2021)
Internal wave boluses as coherent structures in a continuously stratified fluid
Creators: name: Vieira, Guilherme S.
name: Allshouse, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Internal waves shoaling on the continental slope can break and form materially coherent vortices called boluses. These boluses are able to trap and transport material up the continental slope, yet the global extent of bolus transport is unknown. Previous studies of bolus formation primarily focused on systems consisting of two layers of uniform density, which do not account for the presence of ocean pycnoclines of finite thickness. We use hyperbolic tangent profiles to model the density stratification in our simulations and demonstrate the impact of the pycnocline on the bolus. A spectral clustering method is used to objectively identify the bolus as a Lagrangian coherent structure that contains the material advected upslope. The bolus size and displacement upslope are examined as a function of the pycnocline thickness, incoming wave energy, density change across the pycnocline, and topographic slope. The dependence of bolus transport on the pycnocline thickness demonstrates that boluses in continuous stratifications tend to be larger and transport material further than in corresponding two-layer stratifications.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, 4 appendices
Additional file 1: of A cross-sectional description of mobile food vendors and the foods they serve: potential partners in delivering healthier food-away-from-home choices
Creators: name: Reznar, Melissa
name: Brennecke, Katherine
name: Eathorne, Jamie
name: Gittelsohn, Joel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Food Truck Research Study. Complete final survey given to study participants. (PDF 340 kb)
Improving vision-inspired keyword spotting using dynamic module skipping in streaming conformer encoder
Creators: name: Bittar, Alexandre
name: Dixon, Paul
name: Samragh, Mohammad
name: Nishu, Kumari
name: Naik, Devang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Using a vision-inspired keyword spotting framework, we propose an architecture with input-dependent dynamic depth capable of processing streaming audio. Specifically, we extend a conformer encoder with trainable binary gates that allow us to dynamically skip network modules according to the input audio. Our approach improves detection and localization accuracy on continuous speech using Librispeech top-1000 most frequent words while maintaining a small memory footprint. The inclusion of gates also reduces the average amount of processing without affecting the overall performance. These benefits are shown to be even more pronounced using the Google speech commands dataset placed over background noise where up to 97% of the processing is skipped on non-speech inputs, therefore making our method particularly interesting for an always-on keyword spotter.
title: The EU as a Multilateral Rule Exporter
title: The Global Transfer of European Rules via International Organizations
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rousselin, Mathieu
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::337 Weltwirtschaft

description: 1\. Introduction 5 2\. The EU as a Bilateral Rule Exporter: What Do We Know? 6 2.1 How Does the EU Export Its Rules Bilaterally? Power Asymmetries, Functional Dynamics and Domestic Politics 6 2.2 When Is the Bilateral Transfer of EU Rules Successful? Domestic Preferences and Power Asymmetries 7 3\. Bridging Europeanization and Globalization Studies: Identifying Commonalities in the Explanatory Mechanisms 9 4\. Theoretical Implications of the Shift from Bilateral to Multilateral Rule Transfer 11 4.1 How Do Bilateral Transfer Processes Differ from Multilateral Ones? 11 4.2 Determining the Collective Preference of Rule Importers 12 4.3 Imposing Constraint at the Multilateral Level 14 4.4 Seeking Consent at the Multilateral Level 14 5\. Hypotheses, Methodology and Case Selection 15 6\. The IMO Ban on Single-Hull Oil Tankers 17 7\. The UNECE-Sponsored Spread of the European Emission Control System 19 8\. The Spread of GSM Standards for Mobile Telephony Despite the ITU Neutrality 21 9\. The Failure to Integrate the Singapore Issues into WTO Negotiations 23 10\. Conclusion: Constraint and Consent in the Transfer of EU Rules 24 Literature 26
description: This working paper investigates the conditions which prompt a variety of non- EU states grouped within an international organization to adopt European rules or standards rather than any alternative rule or standard available for selection. The paper reviews the main conceptual frameworks from research on the bilateral transfer of European rules and highlights similarities between these and alternative explanatory models of rule transfer, diffusion or convergence found in the broader IR literature. After identifying the main differences between bilateral and multilateral rule transfer processes, the paper proposes theoretical amendments to capture the original forms and new channels via which the EU can either impose constraint or seek consent at the multilateral level. On this basis, two hypotheses are formulated whose plausibility is subsequently probed by means of four comparative case studies dedicated to the worldwide transfer or non-transfer of European rules via international organizations.
Additional file 2 of The prognosis biomarkers based on m6A-related lncRNAs for myeloid leukemia patients
Creators: name: Yang, Li-Rong
name: Lin, Zhu-Ying
name: Hao, Qing-Gang
name: Li, Tian-Tian
name: Zhu, Yun
name: Teng, Zhao-Wei
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Sequence of specific PCR primers of different target genes.
title: Brazil and its African mirror
title: discussing 'black' approximations in the South Atlantic
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Cicalo, André
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Brazil
subject: race relations
subject: international relations
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: The article links reflections about Brazilian race relations with institutional transnational dialogues between Brazil and ‘Africa’. I point out that although racial/cultural mixture and the ‘brown’ census category have traditionally reflected much of national identity in Brazil, Brazil today is increasingly spelling out its blackness, both on the national and international scenes. This is happening at a historical moment when programs of ‘black’ affirmative action and other differential politics in favor of Afro-descendants are taking off in the country, and also at a time when Brazil is expanding its geopolitical and economic interests in Africa, by and large under the name of ‘South-South cooperation’. By my analysis, I suggest that while Africa is an interesting terrain for Brazilian geopolitical expansion and leadership in the South Atlantic, these transatlantic links may also represent a new frontier for the study of race relations in Brazil.
Data Quality Assessment for the Secondary Use of Person-Generated Wearable Device Data: Assessing Self-Tracking Data for Research Purposes
Creators: Cho, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Information science
Medical sciences
Wearable technology
Activity trackers (Wearable technology)
Medical statistics
Biometry--Statistical methods

description: The Quantified Self movement has led to an increased routine use of consumer wearables, generating large amounts of person-generated wearable device data. This has become an opportunity to researchers to conduct research with large-scale person-generated wearable device data without having to collect data in a costly and time-consuming way. However, there are known challenges of wearable device data such as missing data or inaccurate data which raises the need to assess the quality of data before conducting research. Currently, there is a lack of in-depth understanding on data quality challenges of using person-generated wearable device data for research purposes, and how data quality assessment should be conducted. Data quality assessment could be especially a burden to those without the domain knowledge on a specific data type, which might be the case for emerging biomedical data sources. The goal of this dissertation is to advance the knowledge on data quality challenges and assessment of person-generated wearable device data and facilitate data quality assessment for those without the domain knowledge on the emerging data type. The dissertation consists of two aims: (1) identifying data quality dimensions important for assessing the quality of person-generated wearable device data for research purposes, (2) designing and evaluating an interactive data quality characterization tool that supports researchers in assessing the fitness-for-use of fitness tracker data. In the first aim, a multi-method approach was taken, conducting literature review, survey, and focus group discussion sessions. We found that intrinsic data quality dimensions applicable to electronic health record data such as conformance, completeness, and plausibility are applicable to person-generated wearable device data. In addition, contextual/fitness-for-use dimensions such as breadth and density completeness, and temporal data granularity were identified given the fact that our focus was on assessing data quality for research purposes. In the second aim, we followed an iterative design process from understanding informational needs to designing a prototype, and evaluating the usability of the final version of a tool. The tool allows users to customize the definition of data completeness (fitness-for-use measures), and provides data summarization on the cohort that meets that definition. We found that the interactive tool that incorporates fitness-for-use measures and allows customization on data completeness, can support assessing fitness-for-use assessment more accurately and in less time than a tool that only presents information on intrinsic data quality measures.
Simple optical measurement of the overlap and fidelity of quantum states: An experiment
Creators: name: Hendrych, Martin
name: Dusek, Miloslav
name: Filip, Radim
name: Fiurasek, Jaromir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the experimental results of measurements of the overlap of both pure and mixed polarization states of photons. The fidelity and purity of mixed states were also measured. The experimental apparatus exploits the fact that a beam splitter can distinguish the singlet Bell state from the other Bell states, i.e., it realizes projections into the symmetric and antisymmetric subspaces of photons' Hilbert space.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Data Analysis for the E and B EXperiment and Instrumentation Development for Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimetry
Creators: Araujo, Derek Carl
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Physics
Astrophysics
Cosmic background radiation
Polarimetry

description: The E and B EXperiment (EBEX) was a  balloon-borne instrument designed to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)  while simultaneously characterizing  Galactic dust emission.  The instrument was based on a two-mirror ambient temperature Gregorian-Dragone telescope coupled with cooled refractive optics to a kilo-pixel array of transition edge sensor (TES) bolometeric detectors.  To achieve sensitivity to both the CMB signal and Galactic foregrounds, EBEX observed in three signal bands centered on 150, 250, and 410 GHz.  Polarimetry was achieved via a stationary wire-grid polarizer and a continuously rotating achromatic half-wave plate (HWP) based on a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB).  EBEX launched from McMurdo station, Antarctica on December 29, 2012 and collected ~ 1.3 TB of data during 11 days of observation.
      This thesis is presented in two Parts.  Part I reviews the data analysis we performed to transform the raw EBEX data into maps of temperature and polarization sky signals, with a particular focus on post-flight pointing  reconstruction; time stream cleaning and map making; the generation of model sky maps of the expected signal for each of the three EBEX signal bands; removal of the HWP-synchronous signal from the detector time streams; and our attempts to identify, characterize, and correct for non-linear detector responsivity.  In Part II we present recent developments in instrumentation for the next generation of CMB polarimeters.  The developments we describe, including advances in lumped-element kinetic inductance detector (LEKID) technology and the development of a hollow-shaft SMB-based motor for use in HWP polarimetry, were motivated in part by the design for a prospective ground-based CMB polarimeter based in Greenland.
Additional file 1: of Lineage-specific exosomes promote the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) through TGFÎ˛1/smads signaling pathway via transfer of microRNAs
Creators: name: Xiaoli Hu
name: Yingqun Zhong
name: Yuanyuan Kong
name: Yanan Chen
name: Junming Feng
name: Jianmao Zheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Primer pairs used in the qRT-PCR. (DOCX 15 kb)
Uniqueness of steady states of Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad equations: a simple proof
Creators: name: Yoshida, Hironobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple proof of a sufficient condition for the uniqueness of non-equilibrium steady states of Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad equations. We demonstrate the applications of the sufficient condition using examples of the transverse-field Ising model, the XYZ model, and the tight-binding model with dephasing.
description: 5 pages
Sparse Proteomics Analysis – a compressed sensing-based approach for feature selection and classification of high-dimensional proteomics mass spectrometry data
Creators: name: Conrad, Tim O. F.
name: Genzel, Martin
name: Cvetkovic, Nada
name: Wulkow, Niklas
name: Leichtle, Alexander
name: Vybiral, Jan
name: Kutyniok, Gitta
name: Schütte, Christof
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine learning
subject: Feature selection
subject: Classification
subject: Compressed sensing
subject: Sparsity
subject: Proteomics
subject: Mass spectrometry
subject: Clinical data
subject: Biomarker
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik

description: Background High-throughput proteomics techniques, such as mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches, produce very high-dimensional data-sets. In a clinical setting one is often interested in how mass spectra differ between patients of different classes, for example spectra from healthy patients vs. spectra from patients having a particular disease. Machine learning algorithms are needed to (a) identify these discriminating features and (b) classify unknown spectra based on this feature set. Since the acquired data is usually noisy, the algorithms should be robust against noise and outliers, while the identified feature set should be as small as possible. Results We present a new algorithm, Sparse Proteomics Analysis (SPA), based on the theory of compressed sensing that allows us to identify a minimal discriminating set of features from mass spectrometry data-sets. We show (1) how our method performs on artificial and real-world data-sets, (2) that its performance is competitive with standard (and widely used) algorithms for analyzing proteomics data, and (3) that it is robust against random and systematic noise. We further demonstrate the applicability of our algorithm to two previously published clinical data-sets.
Mapping data between sample and detector conjugated spaces in Bragg coherent diffraction imaging
Creators: name: Yang, David
name: Phillips, Nicholas W.
name: Hofmann, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (BCDI) is a non-destructive, lensless method for 3D-resolved, nanoscale strain imaging in micro-crystals. A challenge, particularly for new users of the technique, is accurate mapping of experimental data, collected in the detector reciprocal space coordinate frame, to more convenient orthogonal coordinates, e.g. attached to the sample. This is particularly the case since different coordinate conventions are used at every BCDI beamline. The reconstruction algorithms and mapping scripts composed for individual beamlines are not readily interchangeable. To overcome this, a BCDI experiment simulation with a plugin script that converts all beamline angles to a universal, right-handed coordinate frame is introduced, making it possible to condense any beamline geometry into three rotation matrices. The simulation translates a user-specified 3D complex object to different BCDI-related coordinate frames. It also allows the generation of synthetic coherent diffraction data that can be inserted into any BCDI reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the original user-specified object. Scripts are provided to map from sample space to detector conjugated space, detector conjugated space to sample space and detector conjugated space to detector conjugated space for a different reflection. This provides the reader with the basis for a flexible simulation tool kit that is easily adapted to different geometries. It is anticipated that this will find use in the generation of tailor-made supports for phasing of challenging data and exploration of novel geometries or data collection modalities.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Daring Trade: An Archaeology of the Slave Trade in Late-Seventeenth Century Panama (1663-1674)
Creators: Gaitan Ammann, Felipe
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Archaeology
History
African Americans

description: This dissertation delves into both archaeological evidence and firsthand written sources in order to examine the material constitution of European slave traders' social life in the last years of existence of the Spanish colonial city of Panama, burnt down to the ashes following a piratic attack in 1671. It is based on the well-established and widely recognized premise that African captives played a transforming and profoundly disruptive role in Spanish colonial society, despite the dehumanized social status slaves were given in the early modern world. On the one hand, enslaved Africans were seen as necessary tradable objects without which the Spanish colonial enterprise could not have been sustained; on the other, colonial documents indicate that these captives were perceived as dangerous subjects seriously compromising the cultural basis of the colonial order. This work aims at demonstrating that the life trajectories of African slaves cannot be dissociated from those of their captors: it offers an alternative and indirect vision of the rich cultural experience of African people in the Americas by evaluating, both historically and archaeologically, the extent to which the cultural threat slaves manifestly represented for Western colonists in the New World determined or regulated the configuration of slave traders' lived spaces. This research builds upon an important legacy of archaeological investigation that has, at least since the 1960s, provided Afro-descendant communities in the Americas with powerful historical and material referents indispensable to recreate strong and socially significant ties with their own past. However, taking some distance from more traditional studies focusing on the development of creolized lifestyles in plantation and maroon contexts, this works offers an innovative perspective on the painful memories of the slave trade by interrogating the nature and scope of the consumption practices through which Western slavers defended their nowadays unthinkable commercial enterprise. In order to address this fundamental, but overlooked question in the archaeology of slavery, this study strongly engages with recent theorizations on the rich and complex concept of materiality, one which has contributed to reactivate material culture and social archaeology studies by empowering dormant, classic visions of the fascinating and unstable social bond relating people with the physical objects they create. In this study, archaeological and historical data testifying to colonial networks of material exchange are, thus, not simply described as mere reflections of past social performances; they are revealed as constitutive components of meaningful systems of sociability in which African slaves were inevitably trapped.
The Moduli Space of Hyperbolic Cone Structures
Creators: name: Zhou, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50

description: Let $Σ$ be a hyperbolic link with $m$ components in a 3-dimensional manifold $X$. In this paper, we will show that the moduli space of marked hyperbolic cone structures on the pair $(X, Σ)$ with all cone angle less than $2π/3$ is an $m$-dimensional open cube, parameterized naturally by the $m$ cone angles. As a corollary, we will give a proof of a special case of Thurston's geometrization theorem for orbifolds.
description: 29 pages
Drift Analysis with Fitness Levels for Elitist Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: He, Jun
name: Zhou, Yuren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fitness level method is a popular tool for analyzing the hitting time of elitist evolutionary algorithms. Its idea is to divide the search space into multiple fitness levels and estimate lower and upper bounds on the hitting time using transition probabilities between fitness levels. However, the lower bound generated by this method is often loose. An open question regarding the fitness level method is what are the tightest lower and upper time bounds that can be constructed based on transition probabilities between fitness levels. To answer this question, {\color{red} we combine drift analysis with fitness levels and define the tightest bound problem as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem subject to fitness levels.} The tightest metric bounds from fitness levels are constructed and proven for the first time. Then linear bounds are derived from metric bounds and a framework is established that can be used to develop different fitness level methods for different types of linear bounds. The framework is generic and promising, as it can be used to draw tight time bounds on both fitness landscapes without and with shortcuts. This is demonstrated in the example of the (1+1) EA maximizing the TwoMax1 function
Late Neoproterozoic seawater oxygenation by siliceous sponges
Creators: name: Tatzel, Michael
name: Blanckenburg, Friedhelm Von
name: Oelze, Marcus
name: Bouchez, Julien
name: Hippler, Dorothee
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Carbon cycle
subject: Element cycles
subject: Evolutionary ecology
subject: Marine chemistry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The Cambrian explosion, the rapid appearance of most animal phyla in the geological record, occurred concurrently with bottom seawater oxygenation. Whether this oxygenation event was triggered through enhanced nutrient supply and organic carbon burial forced by increased continental weathering, or by species engaging in ecosystem engineering, remains a fundamental yet unresolved question. Here we provide evidence for several simultaneous developments that took place over the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition: expansion of siliceous sponges, decrease of the dissolved organic carbon pool, enhanced organic carbon burial, increased phosphorus removal and seawater oxygenation. This evidence is based on silicon and carbon stable isotopes, Ge/Si ratios, REE-geochemistry and redox-sensitive elements in a chert-shale succession from the Yangtze Platform, China. According to this reconstruction, sponges have initiated seawater oxygenation by redistributing organic carbon oxidation through filtering suspended organic matter from seawater. The resulting increase in dissolved oxygen levels potentially triggered the diversification of eumetazoans.
Zwischen Bewahren und Nutzen
Creators: name: Haasis-Berner, Andreas
name: Herbst, Lutz Dietrich
name: Konold, Werner
Publisher: name: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege
Year: 2021

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2021)
Dendrochronologie und Archivrecherchen im Gleichklang
Creators: name: Million, Sebastian
name: Kottmann, Aline
name: Buggle, Roland
Publisher: name: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege
Year: 2021

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 50 Nr. 2 (2021)
Truncations of the ring of number-theoretic functions
Creators: name: Snellman, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13Dxx; 10.00

description: We study the ring of all functions from the positive integers to some field. This ring, which we call \emph{the ring of number-theoretic functions}, is an inverse limit of the ``truncations'' Γ_n consisting of all functions f for which f(m)=0 whenever m > n. Each Γ_n is a zero-dimensional, finitely generated (K)-algebra, which may be expressed as the quotient of a finitely generated polynomial ring with a \emph{reversely stable} monomial ideal. Using the description of the free minimal resolution of stable ideals, given by Eliahou-Kervaire, and some additional arguments by Aramova-Herzog and Peeva, we give the Poincaré-Betti series for Γ_n.
description: 10 pages, no figures, 3 tables
Scaling and conformal symmetries for plane gravitational waves
Creators: name: Zhang, P. -M.
name: Cariglia, M.
name: Elbistan, M.
name: Horvathy, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isometries of an exact plane gravitational wave are symmetries for both massive and massless particles. Their conformal extensions are in fact chrono-projective transformations introduced earlier by Duval et al are symmetries for massless particles. Homotheties are universal chrono-projective symmetries for any profile. Chrono-projective transformations also generate new conserved quantities for the underlying non-relativistic systems in the Bargmann framework. Homotheties play a similar role for the lightlike "vertical" coordinate as isometries play for the transverse coordinates.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures. Published version
Stability of symmetric teleparallel scalar-tensor cosmologies with alternative connections
Creators: name: Jarv, Laur
name: Pati, Laxmipriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In symmetric teleparallel geometry the curvature and torsion tensors are assumed to vanish identically, while the dynamics of gravity is encoded by nonmetricity. Here the spatially homogeneous and isotropic connections that can accompany flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metric come in three sets. As the trivial set has received much attention, we focus on the two alternative sets which introduce an extra degree of freedom into the equations. Working in the context of symmetric teleparallel scalar-tensor gravity with generic nonminimal coupling and potential, we show that the extra free function in the connection can not play the role of dark matter nor dark energy, but it drastically alters the scalar field behavior. We determine the restrictions on the model functions which permit the standard cosmological scenario of successive radiation, dust matter, and scalar potential domination eras to be stable. However, the alternative connections also introduce a rather general possibility of the system meeting a singularity in finite time.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures; minor changes, version accepted in PRD