cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOCCA Code for Star Cluster Simulations - IV. A new Scenario for Intermediate Mass Black Hole Formation in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Giersz, M.
name: Leigh, N.
name: Hypki, A.
name: Lützgendorf, N.
name: Askar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new scenario for the formation of intermediate mass black holes in dense star clusters. In this scenario, intermediate mass black holes are formed as a result of dynamical interactions of hard binaries containing a stellar mass black hole, with other stars and binaries. We discuss the necessary conditions to initiate the process of intermediate mass black hole formation and the influence of an intermediate mass black hole on the host global globular cluster properties. We discuss two scenarios for intermediate mass black hole formation. The SLOW and FAST scenarios. They occur later or earlier in the cluster evolution and require smaller or extremely large central densities, respectively. In our simulations, the formation of intermediate mass black holes is highly stochastic. In general, higher formation probabilities follow from larger cluster concentrations (i.e. central densities). We further discuss possible observational signatures of the presence of intermediate mass black holes in globular clusters that follow from our simulations. These include the spatial and kinematic structure of the host cluster, possible radio, X-ray and gravitational wave emissions due to dynamical collisions or mass-transfer and the creation of hypervelocity main sequence escapers during strong dynamical interactions between binaries and an intermediate mass black hole. All simulations discussed in this paper were performed with the MOCCA Monte Carlo code. MOCCA accurately follows most of the important physical processes that occur during the dynamical evolution of star clusters but, as with other dynamical codes, it approximates the dissipative processes connected with stellar collisions and binary mergers.
description: 16 pages, 1 table, 24 figures. printed in MNRAS
The oncogenic kinase Pim-1 is modulated by K-Ras signaling and mediates transformed growth and radioresistance in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells
Creators: name: Fiordalisi, James J.
name: White, Catherine D.
name: Xu, Dapeng
name: Baines, Antonio T.
name: Witherspoon, Sam M.
name: Williams, Daniel
name: Cox, Adrienne D.
name: Allsop, Stephen A.
name: Snider, Jared L.
name: Yeh, Jen Jen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Oncogenic Pim-1 kinase is upregulated in multiple solid cancers, including human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a highly lethal disease with few useful treatment options. Pim-1 is also transcriptionally induced upon oncogenic K-Ras-mediated transformation of the human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cell model of PDAC. Given the near ubiquitous presence of mutant K-Ras in PDAC and its critical role in this disease, we wished to study the effects of oncogenic K-Ras signaling on Pim-1 expression, as well as the role of Pim-1 in growth transformation of PDAC cells. Pim-1 protein levels were upregulated in both PDAC cell lines and patient tumor tissues. Furthermore, ectopic oncogenic K-Ras increased Pim-1 expression in human pancreatic nestin-expressing (HPNE) cells, a distinct immortalized cell model of PDAC. Conversely, shRNA-mediated suppression of oncogenic K-Ras decreased Pim-1 protein in PDAC cell lines. These results indicate that oncogenic K-Ras regulates Pim-1 expression. The kinase activity of Pim-1 is constitutively active. Accordingly, shRNA-mediated suppression of Pim-1 in K-Ras-dependent PDAC cell lines decreased Pim-1 activity, as measured by decreased phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bad and increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1. Biological consequences of inhibiting Pim-1 expression included decreases in both anchorage-dependent and -independent cell growth, invasion through Matrigel and radioresistance as measured by standard clonogenic assays. These results indicate that Pim-1 is required for PDAC cell growth, invasion and radioresistance downstream of oncogenic K-Ras. Overall, our studies help to elucidate the role of Pim-1 in PDAC growth transformation and validate Pim-1 kinase as a potential molecular marker for mutated K-Ras activity.
IκBKβ and NFκB1 , NSAID use and risk of colorectal cancer in the Colon Cancer Family Registry
Creators: name: Seufert, Brenna L.
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
name: Kulmacz, Richard J.
name: Xiao, Liren
name: Campbell, Peter T.
name: Slattery, Martha L.
name: Ulrich, Cornelia M.
name: Poole, Elizabeth M.
name: Whitton, John
name: Makar, Karen W.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Potter, John D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The NFκB-signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation and inflammation. Activation of the pathway is implicated in the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). NSAIDs may reduce CRC risk partially through a nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB)-dependent pathway. In this study, we investigated associations between 34 NFκB1 and 8 IκBKβ tagSNPs and CRC risk and examined interactions with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. Using conditional logistic regression, we investigated these associations among 1584 incident CRC cases and 2516 sibling controls from the Colon Cancer Family Registry. Three IκBKβ SNPs were associated with a statistically significant lower colorectal or colon cancer risk: rs9694958 (A>G intron 5) (colorectal: ORhzv = 0.26(0.07–0.99), Ptrend = 0.048, Padj = 0.25), rs10958713 (A>C intron 19) (colon: ORhzv = 0.62(0.42–0.92), Ptrend = 0.005, Padj = 0.03) and rs5029748 (C>A intron 2) (colon: ORhet = 0.72(0.56–0.91), Ptrend = 0.01, Padj = 0.08). We replicated trends associated with NFκB1 and IκBKβ variants identified in a previous study (rs4648110 (T>A intron 22), rs13117745 (G>A intron 5) and rs3747811 (T>A intron 1)). IκBKβ’s rs6474387 (C>T intron 20) and rs11986055 (A>C intron 2) showed substantially lower colon cancer risk among current NSAID users (Pinteraction = 0.01 and Pinteraction = 0.045, respectively), whereas NFκB1’s rs230490 (G>A 5ʹ (outside UTR)) and rs997476 (C>A 3ʹ (outside UTR)) showed higher CRC risk among current NSAID users (Pinteraction = 0.01 and Pinteraction = 0.03, respectively). These findings suggest that variants in NFκB1 and IκBKβ are associated with CRC risk and NSAIDs may function partially through an NFκB-dependent pathway. The SNPs identified here should be considered for future functional studies and may be useful in designing a pharmacogenetic approach to preventive NSAID use.
title: Infectious Ring Enhancing Lesions of the Brain: Diagnostic imaging pearls.
Creators: name: Gomez Muga, Juan Jose
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: AIDS
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the imaging findings of infectious ring-enhancing lesions. Describe characteristic radiologic findings in 5 different entities (pyogenic abscess, fungal abscess, tuberculoma, toxoplasmosis, and...
title: Sonographic evaluation of the fetal heart rate: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Ogenyi, Prince
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Intrauterine diagnosis
subject: Foetus

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: There has been much controversy over the baseline values for FHR [1-7]. Gibb and Arulkumaran [2] and Spencer [3] proposed that the baseline FHR range should lie between 110 and 150 beats per minute (bpm) and emphasized the possibility of serious...
(401748) Catherine Angus
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Changes in the working-modalities of radiologists during the COVID-19-Pandemic: A questionnaire-study
Creators: name: Hirschner, Johannes
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Workforce

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Background Medical work must constantly adapt to the latest methods and advances as well as current conditions. Acute situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic can accelerate changes like these, causing a need for adjustment in the work of...
(401749) James Gall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: In what cases are the frequent imaging findings the high-probability reasons for an occlusive form of chronic mesenteric ischemia? The check-list for diagnostic radiologists
Creators: name: Ryabchenko, Victoria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: History
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Image verification
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The two most frequent and at the same time contradictory imaging findings in computer tomography angiography (CTA) patients with suspicion of chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) are mesenteric artery atherosclerosis and the median arcuate ligament...
Rigidity of free product von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Houdayer, Cyril
name: Ueda, Yoshimichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10, 46L54, 46L36

description: Let $I$ be any nonempty set and $(M_i, φ_i)_{i \in I}$ any family of nonamenable factors, endowed with arbitrary faithful normal states, that belong to a large class $\mathcal C_{\rm anti-free}$ of (possibly type III) von Neumann algebras including all nonprime factors, all nonfull factors and all factors possessing a Cartan subalgebra. For the free product $(M, φ) = \ast_{i \in I} (M_i, φ_i)$, we show that the free product von Neumann algebra $M$ retains the cardinality $|I|$ and each nonamenable factor $M_i$ up to stably inner conjugacy, after permutation of the indices. Our main theorem unifies all previous Kurosh-type rigidity results for free product type II$_1$ factors and is new for free product type III factors. It moreover provides new rigidity phenomena for type III factors.
description: 30 pages
Weyl superconductivity and quasiperiodic Majorana arcs in quasicrystals
Creators: name: Hori, Masahiro
name: Okugawa, Ryo
name: Tanaka, K.
name: Tohyama, Takami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl superconductivity is a topological phase in three-dimensional crystals in which the Weyl equation describes quasiparticle excitation near band-touching points in momentum space called Weyl nodes. For quasicrystals which lack translational symmetry, a theory of Weyl superconductivity has not been established, in spite of recent extensive studies on quasicrystalline topological phases. Here, we demonstrate the occurrence of quasicrystalline Weyl superconductivity by extending the definition of Weyl superconductivity to periodically stacked, two-dimensional superconducting quasicrystals. We identify quasicrystalline Weyl nodes -- topologically protected point nodes in one-dimensional momentum space corresponding to the stacking direction -- in terms of a topological invariant given by a change in the Bott index in quasicrystalline layers. We find that these Weyl nodes exist in pairs and that Majorana zero-energy modes protected by the nonzero Bott index between a pair of quasicrystalline Weyl nodes appear on surfaces. These Majorana zero modes form an infinite number of arcs in momentum space, densely and quasiperiodically distributed as a function of momentum in the direction of surfaces within each quasicrystalline layer. In Ammann-Beenker (Penrose) quasicrystals, the quasiperiodicity of Majorana arcs is governed by the silver (golden) ratio associated with the quasicrystalline structure.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
title: Keys for diagnosis and follow-up of high-flow brain vascular malformations
Creators: name: Hilario Barrio, Amaya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: [mediafile]917181[/mediafile] To review: 1) Pathophysiology 2) Factors related to bleeding 3) Role of imaging techniques for diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up in high-flow vascular...
Capture and Evolution of Planetesimals in Circumjovian Disks
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Gennaro
name: Podolak, Morris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of planetesimals in evolved gaseous disks, which orbit a solar-mass star and harbor a Jupiter-mass planet at a_p~5AU. The gas dynamics is modeled with a three-dimensional hydrodynamics code that employes nested-grids and achieves a resolution of one Jupiter's radius in the circumplanetary disk. The code models solids as individual particles. Planetesimals are subjected to gravitational forces by the star and the planet, drag force by the gas, disruption via ram pressure, and mass loss through ablation. The mass evolution of solids is calculated self-consistently with their temperature, velocity, and position. We consider icy and icy/rocky bodies of radius 0.1-100km, initially deployed on orbits around the star within a few Hill radii (Rhill) of the planet's orbit. Planetesimals are scattered inward, outward, and toward disk regions of radius r>>a_p. Scattering can relocate significant amounts of solids, provided that regions |r-a_p|~ 3Rhill are replenished with planetesimals. Scattered bodies can be temporarily captured on planetocentric orbits. Ablation consumes nearly all solids at gas temperatures > ~220K. Super-keplerian rotation around and beyond the outer edge of the gas gap can segregate < ~0.1km bodies, producing solid gap edges at size-dependent radial locations. Capture, break-up, and ablation of solids result in a dust-laden circumplanetary disk with low surface densities of km-size planetesimals, implying relatively long timescales for satellite formation. After a giant planet acquires most of its mass, accretion of solids is unlikely to alter significantly its heavy-element content. The luminosity generated by solids' accretion can be of a similar order of magnitude to the contraction luminosity.
description: 30 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: Paget´s disease imaging: cases seen in a specialized musculoskeletal oncology team.
Creators: name: Pérez Alfonso, Karen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Oncology
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Paget disease of the bone (osteitis deformans) is an idiopathic, chronic, and non-inflammatory bone disorder characterized by abnormal and excessive bone remodeling [1]. The prevalence increases with age [2]. Therefore, when performing imaging tests...
Probabilistic Model for the Gravitational Wave Signal from Merging Black Holes
Creators: name: Khan, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parameterised models that predict the gravitational-wave (GW) signal from merging black holes are used to extract source properties from GW observations. The majority of research in this area has focused on developing methods capable of producing highly accurate, point-estimate, predictions for the GW signal. A key element missing from every model used in the analysis of GW data is an estimate for how confident the model is in its prediction. This omission increases the risk of biased parameter estimation of source properties. Current strategies include running analyses with multiple models to measure systematic bias however, this fails to accurately reflect the true uncertainty in the models. In this work we develop a probabilistic extension to the phenomenological modelling workflow for non-spinning black holes and demonstrate that the model not only produces accurate point-estimates for the GW signal but can be used to provide well-calibrated local estimates for its uncertainty. Our analysis highlights that there is a lack of Numerical Relativity (NR) simulations available at multiple resolutions which can be used to estimate their numerical error and implore the NR community to continue to improve their estimates for the error in NR solutions published. Waveform models that are not only accurate in their point-estimate predictions but also in their error estimates are a potential way to mitigate bias in GW parameter estimation of compact binaries due to unconfident waveform model extrapolations.
title: Could a radiologist office be a place for tailored prevention initiatives by improving knowledge about breast cancer risk factors?
Creators: name: Bojanić, Kristina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Education
subject: Cancer
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is the world’s most prevalent cancer [1]. The latest release of the GLOBOCAN estimates that BC incidence rate will continue to rise over the next 20 years, with over 3 million patients and 992,000 deaths from BC in 2040 [2]. The...
title: Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function based on cardiac magnetic resonance myocardial strain in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Dilatation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy, typically manifesting as asymmetrical thickening of left ventricular (LV) wall. HCM is the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young people [1] . In recent years, the...
Dispersion of coupled mode-gap cavities
Creators: name: Lian, Jin
name: Sokolov, Sergei
name: Yüce, Emre
name: Combrié, Sylvain
name: De Rossi, Alfredo
name: Mosk, Allard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion of a CROW made of photonic crystal mode-gap cavities is pronouncedly asymmetric. This asymmetry cannot be explained by the standard tight binding model. We show that the fundamental cause of the asymmetric dispersion is the fact that the cavity mode profile itself is dispersive, i.e., the mode wave function depends on the driving frequency, not the eigenfrequency. This occurs because the photonic crystal cavity resonances do not form a complete set. By taking into account the dispersive mode profile, we formulate a mode coupling model that accurately describes the asymmetric dispersion without introducing any new free parameters.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Low-dose metabolism of benzene in humans: science and obfuscation
Creators: name: Johnson, Brent A.
name: Thomas, Reuben
name: Bois, Frederic Y.
name: Kupper, Lawrence L.
name: Kim, Sungkyoon
name: Rappaport, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Benzene is a ubiquitous air pollutant that causes human leukemia and hematotoxic effects. Although the mechanism by which benzene causes toxicity is unclear, metabolism is required. A series of articles by Kim et al. used air and biomonitoring data from workers in Tianjin, China, to investigate the dose-specific metabolism (DSM) of benzene over a wide range of air concentrations (0.03–88.9 p.p.m.). Kim et al. concluded that DSM of benzene is greatest at air concentrations <1 p.p.m. This provocative finding motivated the American Petroleum Institute to fund a study by Price et al. to reanalyze the original data. Although their formal ‘reanalysis’ reproduced Kim’s finding of enhanced DSM at sub-p.p.m. benzene concentrations, Price et al. argued that Kim’s methods were inappropriate for assigning benzene exposures to low exposed subjects (based on measurements of urinary benzene) and for adjusting background levels of metabolites (based on median values from the 60 lowest exposed subjects). Price et al. then performed uncertainty analyses under alternative approaches, which led them to conclude that ‘… the Tianjin data appear to be too uncertain to support any conclusions …’ regarding the DSM of benzene. They also argued that the apparent low-dose metabolism of benzene could be explained by ‘lung clearance.’ In addressing these criticisms, we show that the methods and arguments presented by Price et al. are scientifically unsound and that their results are unreliable.
title: Endovascular management of the carotid cavernous fistulas- Lets attack from the other side
Creators: name: Moideenbawa Abdulmajed, Mohamed Yaser Arafath
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Balloon occlusion
subject: Embolisation
subject: Stereotactic radiotherapy
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the angiographic anatomy of the carotid cavernous fistulas. To discuss on various approaches for endovascular management with special emphasis on the transvenous approach. To highlight tips and strategies to consider during the...
Bis-butanediol-mercapturic acid (bis-BDMA) as a urinary biomarker of metabolic activation of butadiene to its ultimate carcinogenic species
Creators: name: Esades, Amanda
name: Tretyakova, Natalia Y.
name: Sangaraju, Dewakar
name: Kotapati, Srikanth
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Walker, Vernon E.
name: Hallberg, Lance
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Human carcinogen 1,3-butadiene (BD) undergoes metabolic activation to 3,4-epoxy-1-butene (EB), hydroxymethylvinyl ketone (HMVK), 3,4-epoxy-1,2-butanediol (EBD) and 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB). Among these, DEB is by far the most genotoxic metabolite and is considered the ultimate carcinogenic species of BD. We have shown previously that BD-exposed laboratory mice form 8- to 10-fold more DEB–DNA adducts than rats exposed at the same conditions, which may be responsible for the enhanced sensitivity of mice to BD-mediated cancer. In the present study, we have identified 1,4-bis-(N-acetyl-l-cystein-S-yl)butane-2,3-diol (bis-BDMA) as a novel DEB-specific urinary biomarker. Isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to quantify bis-BDMA and three other BD-mercapturic acids, 2-(N-acetyl-l-cystein-S-yl)-1-hydroxybut-3-ene/1-(N-acetyl-l-cystein-S-yl)-2-hydroxy-but-3-ene (MHBMA, from EB), 4-(N-acetyl-l-cystein-S-yl)-1,2-dihydroxybutane (DHBMA, from HMVK) and 4-(N-acetyl-l-cystein-S-yl)-1,2,3-trihydroxybutane (THBMA, from EBD), in urine of confirmed smokers, occupationally exposed workers and BD-exposed laboratory rats. Bis-BDMA was formed in a dose-dependent manner in urine of rats exposed to 0–200 p.p.m. BD by inhalation, although it was a minor metabolite (1%) as compared with DHBMA (47%) and THBMA (37%). In humans, DHBMA was the most abundant BD-mercapturic acid excreted (93%), followed by THBMA (5%) and MHBMA (2%), whereas no bis-BDMA was detected. These results reveal significant differences in metabolism of BD between rats and humans.
Assimilation of SWOT Altimetry and Sentinel-1 Flood Extent Observations for Flood Reanalysis -- A Proof-of-Concept
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thanh Huy
name: Ricci, Sophie
name: Piacentini, Andrea
name: Emery, Charlotte
name: Suquet, Raquel Rodriguez
name: Luque, Santiago Peña
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In spite of astonishing advances and developments in remote sensing technologies, meeting the spatio-temporal requirements for flood hydrodynamic modeling remains a great challenge for Earth Observation. The assimilation of multi-source remote sensing data in 2D hydrodynamic models participates to overcome such a challenge. The recently launched Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) wide-swath altimetry satellite provides a global coverage of water surface elevation at a high resolution. SWOT provides complementary observation to radar and optical images, increasing the opportunity to observe and monitor flood events. This research work focuses on the assimilation of 2D flood extent maps derived from Sentinel-1 C-SAR imagery data, and water surface elevation from SWOT as well as in-situ water level measurements. An Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) with a joint state-parameter analysis is implemented on top of a 2D hydrodynamic TELEMAC-2D model to account for errors in roughness, input forcing and water depth in floodplain subdomains. The proposed strategy is carried out in an Observing System Simulation Experiment based on the 2021 flood event over the Garonne Marmandaise catchment. This work makes the most of the large volume of heterogeneous data from space for flood prediction in hindcast mode paves the way for nowcasting.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE 2024 International Geoscience & Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2024)
(401751) Cervis Grant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Rapidity window dependences of higher order cumulants and diffusion master equation
Creators: name: Kitazawa, Masakiyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rapidity window dependences of higher order cumulants of conserved charges observed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The time evolution and the rapidity window dependence of the non-Gaussian fluctuations are described by the diffusion master equation. Analytic formulas for the time evolution of cumulants in a rapidity window are obtained for arbitrary initial conditions. We discuss that the rapidity window dependences of the non-Gaussian cumulants have characteristic structures reflecting the non-equilibrium property of fluctuations, which can be observed in relativistic heavy ion collisions with the present detectors. It is argued that various information on the thermal and transport properties of the hot medium can be revealed experimentally by the study of the rapidity window dependences, especially by the combined use, of the higher order cumulants. Formulas of higher order cumulants for a probability distribution composed of sub-probabilities, which are useful for various studies of non-Gaussian cumulants, are also presented.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures
Solar neutrinos and neutrino physics
Creators: name: Maltoni, Michele
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar neutrino studies triggered and largely motivated the major developments in neutrino physics in the last 50 years. Theory of neutrino propagation in different media with matter and fields has been elaborated. It includes oscillations in vacuum and matter, resonance flavor conversion and resonance oscillations, spin and spin-flavor precession, etc. LMA MSW has been established as the true solution of the solar neutrino problem. Parameters theta12 and Delta_m21^2 have been measured; theta13 extracted from the solar data is in agreement with results from reactor experiments. Solar neutrino studies provide a sensitive way to test theory of neutrino oscillations and conversion. Characterized by long baseline, huge fluxes and low energies they are a powerful set-up to search for new physics beyond the standard 3nu paradigm: new neutrino states, sterile neutrinos, non-standard neutrino interactions, effects of violation of fundamental symmetries, new dynamics of neutrino propagation, probes of space and time. These searches allow us to get stringent, and in some cases unique bounds on new physics. We summarize the results on physics of propagation, neutrino properties and physics beyond the standard model obtained from studies of solar neutrinos.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. Typos corrected. Review prepared for the European Physical Journal A (EPJA) issue on "The Solar Neutrinos"
(401745) Jane Sandeman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Emerging roles of the microbiome in cancer
Creators: name: Bultman, Scott J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Gene-environment interactions underlie cancer susceptibility and progression. Yet, we still have limited knowledge of which environmental factors are important and how they function during tumorigenesis. In this respect, the microbial communities that inhabit our gastrointestinal tract and other body sites have been unappreciated until recently. However, our microbiota are environmental factors that we are exposed to continuously, and human microbiome studies have revealed significant differences in the relative abundance of certain microbes in cancer cases compared with controls. To characterize the function of microbiota in carcinogenesis, mouse models of cancer have been treated with antibiotics. They have also been maintained in a germfree state or have been colonized with specific bacteria in specialized (gnotobiotic) facilities. These studies demonstrate that microbiota can increase or decrease cancer susceptibility and progression by diverse mechanisms such as by modulating inflammation, influencing the genomic stability of host cells and producing metabolites that function as histone deacetylase inhibitors to epigenetically regulate host gene expression. One might consider microbiota as tractable environmental factors because they are highly quantifiable and relatively stable within an individual compared with our exposures to external agents. At the same time, however, diet can modulate the composition of microbial communities within our gut, and this supports the idea that probiotics and prebiotics can be effective chemoprevention strategies. The trajectory of where the current work is headed suggests that microbiota will continue to provide insight into the basic mechanisms of carcinogenesis and that microbiota will also become targets for therapeutic intervention.
Genetic variation in prostaglandin synthesis and related pathways, NSAID use and colorectal cancer risk in the Colon Cancer Family Registry
Creators: name: Baron, John A.
name: Scherer, Dominique
name: Resler, Alexa J.
name: Passarelli, Michael N.
name: Lindor, Noralane M.
name: Potter, John D.
name: Habermann, Nina
name: Poole, Elizabeth M.
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
name: Ulrich, Cornelia M.
name: Heath, Laura
name: Makar, Karen W.
name: Le Marchand, Loic
name: Wang, Hansong
name: Duggan, David
name: Whitton, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Although use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) generally decreases colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, inherited genetic variation in inflammatory pathways may alter their potential as preventive agents. We investigated whether variation in prostaglandin synthesis and related pathways influences CRC risk in the Colon Cancer Family Registry by examining associations between 192 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two variable nucleotide tandem repeats (VNTRs) within 17 candidate genes and CRC risk. We further assessed interactions between these polymorphisms and NSAID use on CRC risk. Using a case-unaffected-sibling-control design, this study included 1621 primary invasive CRC cases and 2592 sibling controls among Caucasian men and women aged 18–90. After adjustment for multiple comparisons, two intronic SNPs were associated with rectal cancer risk: rs11571364 in ALOX12 [ORhet/hzv = 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19–2.95, P = 0.03] and rs45525634 in PTGER2 (ORhet/hzv = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.29–0.82, P = 0.03). Additionally, there was an interaction between NSAID use and the intronic SNP rs2920421 in ALOX12 on risk of CRC (P = 0.03); among those with heterozygous genotypes, risk was reduced for current NSAID users compared with never or former users (ORhet = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.45–0.80), though not among those with homozygous wild-type or variant genotypes. The results of this study suggest that genetic variation in ALOX12 and PTGER2 may affect the risk of rectal cancer. In addition, this study suggests plausible interactions between NSAID use and variants in ALOX12 on CRC risk. These results may aid in the development of genetically targeted cancer prevention strategies with NSAIDs.
Early Flood Warning Using Satellite-Derived Convective System and Precipitation Data -- A Retrospective Case Study of Central Vietnam
Creators: name: La, Tran-Vu
name: Nguyen, Thanh Huy
name: Matgen, Patrick
name: Chini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses the challenges of an early flood warning caused by complex convective systems (CSs), by using Low-Earth Orbit and Geostationary satellite data. We focus on a sequence of extreme events that took place in central Vietnam during October 2020, with a specific emphasis on the events leading up to the floods, i.e., those occurring before October 10th, 2020. In this critical phase, several hydrometeorological indicators could be identified thanks to an increasingly advanced and dense observation network composed of Earth Observation satellites, in particular those enabling the characterization and monitoring of a CS, in terms of low-temperature clouds and heavy rainfall. Himawari-8 images, both individually and in time-series, allow identifying and tracking convective clouds. This is complemented by the observation of heavy/violent rainfall through GPM IMERG data, as well as the detection of strong winds using radiometers and scatterometers. Collectively, these datasets, along with the estimated intensity and duration of the event from each source, form a comprehensive dataset detailing the intricate behaviors of CSs. All of these factors are significant contributors to the magnitude of flooding and the short-term dynamics anticipated in the studied region.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE 2024 International Geoscience & Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2024)
title: The Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on Computed Tomography Evaluations in Pediatric Emergency Traumas
Creators: name: Dogan, Gulec
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In our country, the first Covid-19 case was detected on March 11, 2020, and after a short time, some serious preventions were taken to minimize social life to prevent the...
Instability of Meridional Axial System in f(R) Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Yousaf, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze dynamical instability of non-static reflection axial stellar structure by taking into account generalized Euler's equation in metric $f(R)$ gravity. Such an equation is obtained by contracting Bianchi identities of usual anisotropic and effective stress-energy tensors, which after using radial perturbation technique gives modified collapse equation. In the realm of $R+εR^n$ gravity model, we investigate instability constraints at Newtonian and post-Newtonian approximations. We find that instability of meridional axial self-gravitating system depends upon static profile of structure coefficients while $f(R)$ extra curvature terms induce stability to the evolving celestial body.
description: 29 pages, accepted for publication in EPJC
(401747) Mary Salter
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Discovery of superconductivity in technetium-borides at moderate pressures
Creators: name: Tao, Xiangru
name: Yang, Aiqin
name: Quan, Yundi
name: Wan, Biao
name: Yang, Shuxiang
name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in theoretical calculations boosted the searches for high temperature superconductors, such as sulfur hydrides and rare-earth polyhydrides. However, the required extremely high pressures for stabilizing these superconductors handicapped further implementations. Based upon thorough structural searches, we identified series of unprecedented superconducting technetium-borides at moderate pressures, including TcB (P6$_3$/mmc) with superconducting transition temperature $T_{\text{c}}$ = 20.2 K at ambient pressure and TcB$_2$ (P6/mmm) with $T_{\text{c}}$ = 23.1 K at 20 GPa. Superconductivity in these technetium-borides mainly originates from the coupling between the low frequency vibrations of technetium-atoms and the dominant technetium-4d electrons at the Fermi level. Our works therefore present a fresh group in the family of superconducting borides, whose diversified crystal structures suggest rich possibilities in discovery of other superconducting transition-metal-borides.
title: Does the COVID-19 pandemic cause late diagnosis and delay in treatment in developmental dysplasia of hip patients?
Creators: name: Dogan, Gulec
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Paediatric
subject: PACS
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Complications
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Congenital
subject: Dysplasias

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) is the general name of a wide spectrum of pathology that can develop in the congenital or postpartum period and includes different degrees of anatomic disorders of the hip such as teratological, unstable,...
(401744) Jean Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: My experience in pre-operative CT angiography for (DIEP) flap surgery for breast reconstructive operations.
Creators: name: Petrychenko, Liliana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Breast
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The showcasing importance of performing pre-operative computed tomography angiography (CTA) of abdominal wall using three-dimensional model to define the anatomical type of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator...
Invisible Gas Detection: An RGB-Thermal Cross Attention Network and A New Benchmark
Creators: name: Wang, Jue
name: Lin, Yuxiang
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Luo, Dong
name: Chen, Shuaibao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Peng, Xiaojiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The widespread use of various chemical gases in industrial processes necessitates effective measures to prevent their leakage during transportation and storage, given their high toxicity. Thermal infrared-based computer vision detection techniques provide a straightforward approach to identify gas leakage areas. However, the development of high-quality algorithms has been challenging due to the low texture in thermal images and the lack of open-source datasets. In this paper, we present the RGB-Thermal Cross Attention Network (RT-CAN), which employs an RGB-assisted two-stream network architecture to integrate texture information from RGB images and gas area information from thermal images. Additionally, to facilitate the research of invisible gas detection, we introduce Gas-DB, an extensive open-source gas detection database including about 1.3K well-annotated RGB-thermal images with eight variant collection scenes. Experimental results demonstrate that our method successfully leverages the advantages of both modalities, achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance among RGB-thermal methods, surpassing single-stream SOTA models in terms of accuracy, Intersection of Union (IoU), and F2 metrics by 4.86%, 5.65%, and 4.88%, respectively. The code and data can be found at https://github.com/logic112358/RT-CAN.