Estheria hirtinerva Zhang & Shima & Liang & Li 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Chun-Tian
name: Shima, Hiroshi
name: Liang, Hou-Can
name: Li, He-Nan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Estheria
Estheria hirtinerva

description: Estheria hirtinerva Zhang & Shima, sp. nov.
(Figs 1, 13, 25, 37, 53, 65, 74, 78, 92, 107)
Diagnosis. Frons about 1/15 of head width, prementum 5–6 times as long as wide; scutum with 2–3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae; second costal sector setulose ventrally; lower calypter with short fringe on outer margin; syntergite 1+2 only excavated at base; tergites 3 and 4 with 2 pairs (male) and 1 pair (female) of median discal setae.
Description. Body length: 6.2–9.1 mm.
Male. Head with grayish-white pruinosity, frontal vitta brown black, lunule reddish-brown; antennae and palpus dark brown, prementum gleaming black. Eyes nearly bare, with fine micro hairs. Frons about 1/15 of head width, widened anteriorly; frontal vitta linear in middle-upper portion; fronto-orbital plate with fine black hairs; parafacialia bare, about twice as wide as first flagellomere; facial carina undeveloped, with an indistinct nipple-like protrusion on lower face; lower margin of face slightly protruding; gena 0.45–0.55 of eye height. Inner vertical seta slender, hair-like, shorter than ocellar setae, about 0.3–0.4 of eye height; ocellar setae as long as frontal setae, about 1/2 of eye height and as long as upper frontal seta; outer vertical seta hair-like; 8–11 inclinate frontal setae; facial ridge with 4–6 hair-like setae on lower 1/4. Vibrissa inserted above level of lower margin of face; a row of subvibrissae below vibrissa; upper occiput with 1–3 rows of black setulae below postocular setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about antennal length; first flagellomere 1.5–2.0 times as long as pedicel; arista, including plumosity, more than 2–2.5 times width of first flagellomere; palpus about as long as antenna, prementum 5–6 times as long as wide or 2/3–3/4 of eye height.
Thorax. Black, covered with yellowish-gray pruinosity; dorsum with 4 longitudinal black vittae; scutellum dark brown, with yellowish-gray pruinosity; pleura with gray pruinosity; anterior and posterior spiracles dark brown. Longitudinal black vittae extending to anterior half of postsutural scutum; narrower inner vitta about 1/3 of pruinose portion between inner and outer vittae; prosternum bare, about twice as long as wide; proepisternum bare; postpronotal lobe with 3–4 setae, the 3 strongest ones arranged in a triangle; scutum with 1–2 presutural and 1–2 postsutural acrostichal setae, 2–3 presutural and 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae, 2 postsutural intra-alar setae and 2–3 supra-alar setae; katepisternum with 3 setae; katepimeron hairy on anterior half; posterior lappet of posterior spiracle subcircular; scutellum with 3 pairs of marginal setae and 1 pair of discal setae. Wing. Hyaline, brownish, yellow at base; tegula and basicosta dark brown; halter reddish-yellow; lower calypter yellowish; costal spine absent or present, about as long as crossvein r-m; second costal sector with setulae ventrally; relative lengths of 2nd, 3rd and 4th costal sectors approximately as 1:2.4:1.3; vein M, from crossvein dM-Cu to bend, 1.2–1.4 times as long as distance between bend and wing margin; veins R 4+5 and M merged or narrowly open at wing margin; bend of M rounded, near right-angled, without an appendage or with a short appendage about as long as crossvein r-m. Lower calypter large and round, with short fringe on outer margin. Legs. Black, except mid tibia reddish-yellow and pulvilli yellowish. Fore tibia with a row of anterodorsal setae on basal 2/3 and 2 median posterior setae; fore claws longer than 5th tarsomere; mid tibia with 1–2 anterodorsal, 2 posterior and usually 1 ventral setae; hind tibia with 2 ventral setae in apical half, 3–5 median anterodorsal and 2–5 median posterodorsal setae.
Abdomen. Long, ovate, black, densely covered with yellowish-gray pruinosity, without brown spots on tergites 3 and 4. Syntergite 1+2 only excavated at base, with 1–2 lateral marginal setae, without median marginal setae; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal setae, 1–3 lateral marginal setae, usually 2 pairs of lateral discal setae and 2 pairs of median discal setae; tergite 4 with a row of marginal setae and usually 2 pairs of median discal setae; tergite 5 with a row of marginal setae and a row of discal setae. Terminalia (Figs 1, 13, 25, 37). Sternite 5 nearly quadrangular; posterior lobe wide, bluntly rounded apically; with V-shaped median cleft deep and wide medially. Cerci separated; cercus long and clearly curved anteriorly, with apical half narrow and pointed; surstylus wide and bluntly rounded at apex in caudal view; pregonite short and bent posteriorly; postgonite slightly shorter than basiphallus; distiphallus long, plate-like; sclerotized basal part of distiphallus about twice as long as membranous apical part; ejaculatory apodeme small.
Female. As male, except as follows: frons 0.34–0.38 of head width at narrowest point, frontal vitta about as wide as fronto-orbital plate, parafacial about 3 times as wide as first flagellomere; gena 0.62–0.80 of eye height; inner vertical seta stronger than ocellar setae, about twice as long as outer vertical seta; 5–7 inclinate frontal setae; 2 strong proclinate orbital setae and 1 lateroclinate prevertical seta; thorax and abdomen covered with yellowishgray pruinosity; all femora yellow except for dark apical 2/5 ventrally; all tibiae reddish-yellow in median portion and dark at base and apex; fore tibia with 2–3 anterodorsal setae; fore claws and pulvilli shorter than 5th tarsomere; hind tibia with 2 anteroventral, 2–3 anterodorsal and 3–4 posterodorsal setae; abdomen broad ovate, without brown spots; tergites 3 to 5 each with a pair of discal setae.
Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂: China: Sichuan prov., Daocheng county [in Chinese] / Geka-Echushan [in Chinese] / 2260-4100m / 2006.7.14 / C.-T. Zhang coll. [in Chinese] [printed white label] // Holotype [printed red label] // SYNU08757 [printed white label] // Estheria ♂ / hirtinervis / n. sp. [handwritten] / Zhang det., 2006 [printed] [white label] (SYNU).
PARATYPES. China, Sichuan: 1 ♂ [IOZ(E)204687], Litang county, 4000 m, 5.VII.1982, S.-Y. Wang leg. (IZCAS); 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Jiuzhai Gou county, Xueshan Kou, 3400 m, 31.VII.1993, H. Shima leg. (BLKU); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Kangding Xian, Xingdu Qiao, 3700 m, 22.VIII.1993, H. Shima leg. (BLKU); 1 ♂, same as previous except X. Liang leg. (BLKU); 1 ♂, same as holotype except J.-Y. Liu leg. (SYNU); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kangding, Laoyulin to Zheduo Mountain, 3132–3231 m, N29.94° E101.96°, 10.VIII.2017, C.-T. Zhang, X.-Y. Li & H.-C. Liang leg. (SYNU). Tibet (= Xizang): 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Médog county, Duoxiongla Mountain, 3600–4200 m, 8.VIII.2003, M.-F. Wang leg. (SYNU); 1 ♂, Médog, Hanmi, 2150–3200 m, 9.VIII.2003, M.-F. Wang leg. (SYNU); 29 ♂♂, 8 ♀♀, Linzi, Linzi town, 3000–3400 m, 11.VIII.2013, C.-T. Zhang, X.-Y. Li & H. Peng leg. (SYNU); 26 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, Linzi, Bayi town, 3000 m, 12.VIII.2013, Q. Wang leg. (SYNU); 1 ♂, Milin, Paizhen, 2850–3000 m, 13.VIII.2013, C.-T. Zhang & X.- Y. Li leg. (SYNU); 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Milin county, Xuekagou, 2850–2900 m, 17.VIII.2013, C.-T. Zhang & X.-Y. Li leg. (SYNU); 8 ♂♂, Milin, Paizhen to Médog highway, 3321 m, 7.VIII.2015, J. Yao leg. (IZCAS); 1 ♂, Bomi county, Zamu Town, Duodong Temple, 2857 m, 13.VIII.2015, J. Yao (IZCAS). Yunnan: 1 ♂, Lushui county, Pianma, 1750 m, 27.V.1981, S.-Y. Wang leg. (IZCAS); 1 ♂, Zhongdian, Xiaozhongdian, 3200 m, 2.VIII.1984, S.- Y. Wang leg. (IZCAS); 5 ♂♂ [IOZ(E) 204751, 204754], Weixi, Lidiping, 3100–3400 m, 13–14.VIII.1984, S.-Y. Wang, R.-Q. Wang & C.-F. Li leg. (IZCAS); 1 ♂, Lushui, Pianma, Yakou, 3153 m, 10–11.VII.2009, S.-C. Bai leg. (SYNU); 2 ♂♂, Lijiang, Mingyin to Fengke, to Ninglang, Lugu Lake, 2751–3359 m, N27.57° E100.37°, 23.VII.2017, C.-T. Zhang, X.-Y. Li & H.-C. Liang leg. (SYNU). Nepal: 2 ♀♀, Dobang Kharka, 2400 m, 8.X.1971 and 19–20.X.1971, A. Nakanishi leg. (BLKU); 3 ♂♂, Phulchoki, 2762 m, 18–21.IX.1987, M. Limbu leg. (BLKU); 1 ♀, Gandaki, Kaski, Kuldigar- Deurali, 2480–3190 m, 12.X.1990, H. Kurahashi leg. (BLKU); 1 ♀, Gandaki, Kaski, Chomrong-Chandruk, 2050– 1970 m, 14.X.1990, H. Kurahashi leg. (BLKU); 2 ♂♂, Solukhmbu Dist., Sete to Jumesi to Nunta, 27–28.VII.1992, H. Kurahashi leg. (BLKU); 12 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀, Solukhumbu Dist., Surke to Chumoa, 2339–2715 m, 31.VII.1992, H. Kurahashi leg. (BLKU); 5 ♂♂, Solukhumbu Dist., Chumoa to Namche Bazar, 2715–3400 m, 1.VIII.1992, H. Kurahashi leg. (BLKU).
Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from a character of this species, i.e., 2nd costal sector of wing setulose ventrally. It is derived from the Latin adjective hirtus (=setulose) and the Latin noun nervus (= wing vein).
Distribution. China (Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan), Nepal.
Remarks. This species differs from the other species of Estheria in having 3 postsutural dorsocentral setae, 2 postsutural intra-alar setae, 2nd costal sector setulose ventrally, and syntergite 1+2 only excavated at the base.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Chun-Tian, Shima, Hiroshi, Liang, Hou-Can & Li, He-Nan, 2019, Four new species of Estheria Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) from China and Nepal, with a review of the East Palearctic and Oriental species, pp. 1-38 in Zootaxa 4603 (1) on pages 5-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2841928