cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Co-orbiting planes of sub-halos are similarly unlikely around paired and isolated hosts
Creators: name: Pawlowski, Marcel S.
name: McGaugh, Stacy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-halos in dark-matter-based cosmological simulations tend to be distributed approximately isotropically around their host. The existence of highly flattened, co-orbiting planes of satellite galaxies has therefore been identified as a possible problem for these cosmological models, but so far studies have not considered the hosts' environments. That satellite planes are now known around both major galaxies in the Local Group raises the question whether they are more likely around paired hosts. In a first attempt to investigate this possibility we focus on the flattening and orbital coherence of the 11 brightest satellite galaxies of the vast polar structure (VPOS) around the Milky Way (MW). We search for VPOS analogs in the ELVIS suite of cosmological simulations, which consist of 24 paired and 24 isolated host halos. We do not find significant differences between the properties of sub-halo distributions around paired and isolated hosts. The observed flattening and the observed orbital alignment are each reproduced by only 0.2 to 2 per cent of paired and isolated systems incorporating the obscuration of satellites by randomly oriented galactic discs. Only one of all 4800 analyzed realizations (0.02 per cent) reproduces both parameters simultaneously, but the average orbital pole of this sub-halo system does not align as well with the normal to the plane fit as observed. That the MW is part of a galaxy pair thus does not help in explaining the existence of the VPOS if the satellite galaxies are identified with sub-halos found in dissipationless simulations.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Uniform in time propagation of chaos for a Moran model
Creators: name: Cloez, Bertrand
name: Corujo, Josué
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60J28, 60F25, Secondary 92D10, 62L20

description: The goal of this article is to study the limit of the empirical distribution induced by a mutation-selection multi-allelic Moran model, whose dynamic is given by a continuous-time irreducible Markov chain. The rate matrix driving the mutation is assumed irreducible and the selection rates are assumed uniformly bounded. The paper is divided into two parts. The first one deals with processes with general selection rates. For this case we are able to prove the propagation of chaos in $\mathbb{L}^p$ over the compacts, with speed of convergence of order $1/\sqrt{N}$. Further on, we consider a specific type of selection that we call additive selection. Essentially, we assume that the selection rate can be decomposed as the sum of three terms: a term depending on the allelic type of the parent (which can be understood as selection at death), another term depending on the allelic type of the descendant (which can be understood as selection at birth) and a third term which is symmetric. Under this setting, our results include a uniform in time bound for the propagation on chaos in $\mathbb{L}^p$ of order $1/\sqrt{N}$, and the proof of the asymptotic normality with zero mean and explicit variance, for the approximation error between the empirical distribution and its limit, when the number of individuals tend towards infinity. Additionally, we explore the interpretation of the Moran model with additive selection as a particle process whose empirical distribution approximates a quasi-stationary distribution, in the same spirit as the Fleming\,--\,Viot particle systems. We then address the problem of minimising the asymptotic quadratic error, when the time and the number of particles go to infinity.
description: 26 pages
Synthesis of new sulfapyrimidine and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives
Creators: name: Ahmed, Ebtsam A.
name: Elgemeie, Galal H.
name: Azzam, Rasha A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A series of new pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized, including sulfapyrimidines and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. In basic medium, pyrimidine compounds were produced by reacting sulfa guanidine with either 2-cyano-3-(dimethylamino)-N-acrylamides or N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyano-3-(4-aryl)-acrylamides. The reaction of 5-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamides with either 2-cyano-3-(dimethylamino)-N-acrylamides or N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyano-3-(4-aryl)acrylamides resulted in the synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine compounds.
Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting
Creators: name: Smailes, Joshua
name: Köhler, Sebastian
name: Birnbach, Simon
name: Strohmeier, Martin
name: Martinovic, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Due to an increase in the availability of cheap off-the-shelf radio hardware, spoofing and replay attacks on satellite ground systems have become more accessible than ever. This is particularly a problem for legacy systems, many of which do not offer cryptographic security and cannot be patched to support novel security measures. In this paper we explore radio transmitter fingerprinting in satellite systems. We introduce the SatIQ system, proposing novel techniques for authenticating transmissions using characteristics of transmitter hardware expressed as impairments on the downlinked signal. We look in particular at high sample rate fingerprinting, making fingerprints difficult to forge without similarly high sample rate transmitting hardware, thus raising the budget for attacks. We also examine the difficulty of this approach with high levels of atmospheric noise and multipath scattering, and analyze potential solutions to this problem. We focus on the Iridium satellite constellation, for which we collected 1705202 messages at a sample rate of 25 MS/s. We use this data to train a fingerprinting model consisting of an autoencoder combined with a Siamese neural network, enabling the model to learn an efficient encoding of message headers that preserves identifying information. We demonstrate the system's robustness under attack by replaying messages using a Software-Defined Radio, achieving an Equal Error Rate of 0.120, and ROC AUC of 0.946. Finally, we analyze its stability over time by introducing a time gap between training and testing data, and its extensibility by introducing new transmitters which have not been seen before. We conclude that our techniques are useful for building systems that are stable over time, can be used immediately with new transmitters without retraining, and provide robustness against spoofing and replay by raising the required budget for attacks.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Enduring effects of prenatal cocaine administration on emotional behavior in rats
Creators: name: Lubin, Debra A
name: Johns, Josephine M
name: Gause, Lee R
name: Moy, Sheryl S
name: Overstreet, David H
name: Lieberman, Jeffrey A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: The present studies sought to determine whether prenatal cocaine administration (15 mg/kg b.i.d. between gestational ages 1–20) had enduring effects on emotional behavior of rats. Rats prenatally treated with cocaine interacted less with other rats in the social interaction test of anxiety at both 30 and 120 days of age. However, there were no differences in the elevated plus maze test of anxiety. Rats prenatally treated with cocaine were significantly more immobile in the forced-swim test at 60 and 120 days of age. In addition, animals exposed to prenatal cocaine were more sensitive to the enhancing effect of phencyclidine (2.0 mg/kg) on startle responses to an acoustic stimulus. The cocaine-treated animals tested at 50 to 60 days of age showed higher levels of prepulse inhibition, in comparison to the saline group, after vehicle pretreatment, but not after phencyclidine. Although there were gender differences in the expression of some of these behavioral tasks, there were no gender differences in the effects of cocaine. These findings indicate that when emotional behavior is altered by prenatal cocaine administration, the effects are enduring.
Sequential Designs for Filling Output Spaces
Creators: name: Wang, Shangkun
name: Generale, Adam P.
name: Kalidindi, Surya R.
name: Joseph, V. Roshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Space-filling designs are commonly used in computer experiments to fill the space of inputs so that the input-output relationship can be accurately estimated. However, in certain applications such as inverse design or feature-based modeling, the aim is to fill the response or feature space. In this article, we propose a new experimental design framework that aims to fill the space of the outputs (responses or features). The design is adaptive and model-free, and therefore is expected to be robust to different kinds of modeling choices and input-output relationships. Several examples are given to show the advantages of the proposed method over the traditional input space-filling designs.
description: 36 pages, 12 figures
Leptonic and semi-leptonic neutrino interactions with muons in the proto-neutron star cooling
Creators: name: Sugiura, Ken'ichi
name: Furusawa, Shun
name: Sumiyoshi, Kohsuke
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that muons are scarce just after the birth of a proto-neutron star via a supernova explosion but get more abundant as the proto-neutron star cools via neutrino emissions on the Kelvin-Helmholtz timescale. In this paper we evaluate all the relevant rates of the neutrino interactions with muons at different times in the proto-neutron star cooling. We are particularly interested in the late phase ($ t \gtrsim 10 \operatorname{s}$), which will be accessible in the next Galactic supernova but has not been studied well so far. We calculate both leptonic and semi-leptonic processes, for the latter of which we pay attention also to the form factors with their dependence on the transferred momentum as well as to the modification of the dispersion relations for nucleons on the mean field level. We find that the flavor-exchange reactions $ν_e + μ^- \rightarrow ν_μ + e^-$ and $\barν_μ + μ^- \rightarrow \barν_e + e^-$ can be dominant, particularly at low energies, over the capture of $ν_e$ on neutron and the scatterings of $\barν_μ$ on nucleons as the opacity sources for these species and that the inverse muon decay $ \barν_e + ν_μ + e^- \leftrightarrows μ^- $ can overwhelm the scatterings of $\barν_e$ and $ν_μ$ on nucleons again at low energies. At high energies, on the other hand, the corrections in the semi-leptonic processes mentioned above are more important. We also show the non-trivial energy- and angular dependences of the flavor-exchange reactions and the inverse muon decay. In the study of the diffusion coefficients from these reactions, we find that $\barν_μ$ is most affected. These pieces of information are indispensable for numerical computations and the interpretation of results thereof for the proto-neutron star cooling particularly at the very late phase.
description: 53 pages, 19 Figures
Equilibrium statistics of an infinitely long chain in the severe confined geometry: Rigorous results
Creators: name: Mishra, Pramod Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the equlibrium statistics of a long linear homo-polymer chain confined in between two flat geometrical constraints under good solvent condition. The chain is ocupying two dimensional space and geometrical constraints are two impenetrable lines for the two dimensional space. A fully directed self avoiding walk lattice model is used to derive analytical expression of the partition function for the given value of separation in between the impenetrable lines. The exact values of the critical exponents ($ν_{||}, ν_{\perp}, ν$ and $ γ_1$) were obtained for different value of separations in between the impenetrable lines. An exact expression of the grand canonical partition function of the confined semiflexible chain is also calculated for the given value of the constraints separation using generating function technique.
description: 10 pages and two eps figures
Belief Change without Compactness
Creators: name: Santos Ribeiro Santos, Jandson
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: One of the main goals of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to build rational agents that are capable of taking rational decisions autonomously. For this, it is essential to devise mechanisms to properly represent knowledge, and reason about the knowledge that an agent has about the world. However, an agent’s knowledge is not static - it gets updated as the agent acquires new information. One of the big challenges involving knowledge representation is how an agent ought to change its own knowledge and beliefs in response to any new information it acquires. This, in short, is the problem of belief change. Standard approaches of Belief Change come in two flavours: a set of rationality postulates that prescribes epistemic behaviours for an agent, and a collection of constructions, or functions, to perform such rational changes. The two foremost paradigms of Belief Change are the AGM paradigm (for belief change in a static environment) and the KM paradigm (for belief change in a dynamic environment). Both these paradigms make strong assumptions about the underlying logic used to express an agent beliefs, such as Supraclassicality and Compactness. Relying on these assumptions, however, is rather restrictive, since many logics that are important for both AI and Computer Science applications do not have them. This thesis focuses on extending Belief Change to the realm of non-compact logics. One of the side effects of dispensing with compactness is that standard constructions of both the AGM and the KM paradigms no longer nicely connect with the respective rationality postulates. In this work, I identify the reasons behind this breakdown. This in turn helps us identify some minimal conditions under which the existence of rational AGM and KM belief change operations is guaranteed. Subsequently we provide constructive accounts of AGM- and KM-rational belief change operations without the compactness assumption, and we offer full accounts of belief change for both the paradigms. The main difference of our approach from the standard ones relies on the way epistemic preference of an agent is represented: instead of remainders and Grove’s Systems of Spheres, we consider maximal complete theories and genuine partial relations over worlds. Furthermore, we also consider the connection between AGM revision and nonmonotonic reasoning (NMR) systems, often viewed to be two sides of the same coin. We demonstrate that the bridge between belief revision and NMR breaks down in the absence of compactness. We then identify the basis of this breakdown, and present a new non-monotonic system that appropriately connects with the AGM revision postulates even in absence of compactness. Significantly, this connection with the AGM paradigm is independent of any specific constructions (such as systems of spheres), and is directly established between the AGM postulates and the axioms of the proposed non-monotonic system.
Patterns of beverage use across the lifecycle
Creators: name: Popkin, Barry M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: POPKIN, BM. Patterns of beverage use across the lifecycle. PHYSIOL BEHAV xxxx 000-000, 2009. — Total beverage intake patterns have changed greatly over the past half century. The present research was conducted to evaluate historic and current patterns of beverage consumption of adults and children in the U.S. Data were drawn from food balance surveys along with two-day beverage intake averages and were weighted to be nationally representative. A marked slow continuous shift downward in total milk intake with a shift toward an increased proportion of reduced fat milk was determined. The biggest shifts in beverage consumption among children aged 2 to 18 were an increase in sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) (from 87 to 154 kcal/d), a smaller increase in juices (+21kcal/d), and a decrease in milk consumption (-91 kcal/d). Data among adults aged 19 and older indicated that SSB intake has more than doubled. Water intake was highly variable, with a marked increase in bottled water intake but no clear trend in total water intake. Overall trends by age were presented and indicated that age-related beverage intake, both in ounces and kcals/day, decreased sharply for adults aged 60 and older. Kcal/d values ranged from a low of 283 for those over age 60 to a peak of 533 for those aged 19 to39 to 367 for 2 to 6 year olds. The consumer shift toward increased levels of SSBs and alcohol, limited amounts of reduced fat milk along with a continued consumption of whole milk, and increased juice intake represent issues to address from a public health perspective.
Regularization of a scalar charged particle for generic orbits in Kerr spacetime
Creators: name: Heffernan, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scalar charged particle moving in a curved background spacetime will emit a field affecting its own motion; the resolving of this resulting motion is often referred to as the self-force problem. This also serves as a toy model for the astrophysically interesting compact body binaries, extreme mass ratio inspirals, targets for the future space-based gravitational wave detector, LISA. In the modelling of such systems, a point-particle assumption leads to problematic singularities which need to be safely removed to solve for the motion of the particle regardless of the scenario: scalar, electromagnetic or gravitational. Here, we concentrate on a scalar charged particle and calculate the next order of the Detweiler-Whiting singular field and its resulting regularisation parameter when employing the mode-sum method of regularisation. This enables sufficiently faster self-force calculations giving the same level of accuracy with significantly less $\ell$ modes. Due to the similarity of the governing equations, this also lays the groundwork for similar calculations for an electromagnetic or mass charged particle in Kerr spacetime and has applications in other regularisation schemes like the effective source and matched expansion.
description: 25 pages, updated with published version, accepted by Phys. Rev. D on July 7, 2022, published Sept 15, 2022
The neurobiology of binge-like ethanol drinking: Evidence from rodent models
Creators: name: Thiele, Todd E.
name: Sprow, Gretchen M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Binge alcohol (ethanol) drinking is a destructive pattern of ethanol consumption that may precipitate ethanol dependence, a chronic, debilitating, and prevalent health problem. While an abundance of research has focused on the neurochemical underpinnings of ethanol dependence, relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying the heavy consumption characteristic of binge ethanol drinking. Recently, a simple preclinical model termed “drinking in the dark” (DID) was developed to examine binge-like ethanol consumption in a rodent population. This assay capitalizes on the predisposition of C57BL/6J mice to voluntarily consume substantial quantities of a high concentration (20% v/v) ethanol solution, resulting in pharmacologically relevant blood ethanol concentrations (BECs). This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent literature utilizing this model to investigate the neuromodulatory systems that may influence binge ethanol drinking. Studies examining the glutamatergic and opioidergic systems not only provide evidence for these systems in the modulation of binge-like ethanol consumption, but also suggest this preclinical model has predictive validity and may be an appropriate tool for screening novel pharmacological compounds aimed at treating binge ethanol drinking in the human population. Additionally, this review presents evidence for the involvement of the GABAergic, dopaminergic, nicotinic, and endocannabinoid systems in modulating binge-like ethanol consumption. Finally, recent evidence shows that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), agouti-related protein (AgRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and ghrelin are also implicated as impacting this pattern of ethanol consumption.
The covariation of acoustic features of infant cries and autonomic state
Creators: name: Aylward, Stephanie A.
name: Heilman, Keri J.
name: Stewart, Adam Michael
name: Porges, Stephen W.
name: Lewis, Gregory F.
name: Davila, Maria I.
name: Coleman, Danielle D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The evolution of the autonomic nervous system provides an organizing principle to interpret the adaptive significance of physiological systems in promoting social behavior and responding to social challenges. This phylogenetic shift in neural regulation of the autonomic nervous system in mammals has produced a neuroanatomically integrated social engagement system, including neural mechanisms that regulate both cardiac vagal tone and muscles involved in vocalization. Mammalian vocalizations are part of a conspecific social communication system, with several mammalian species modulating acoustic features of vocalizations to signal affective state. Prosody, defined by variations in rhythm and pitch, is a feature of mammalian vocalizations that communicate emotion and affective state. While the covariation between physiological state and the acoustic frequencies of vocalizations is neurophysiologically based, few studies have investigated the covariation between vocal prosody and autonomic state. In response to this paucity of scientific evidence, the current study explored the utility of vocal prosody as a sensitive index of autonomic activity in human infants during the Still Face challenge. Overall, significant correlations were observed between several acoustic features of the infant vocalizations and autonomic state, demonstrating an association between shorter heart period and reductions in heart period and respiratory sinus arrhythmia following the challenge with the dampening of the modulation of acoustic features (fundamental frequency, variance, 50% bandwidth, and duration) that are perceived as prosody.
A functional neuroimaging review of obesity, appetitive hormones and ingestive behavior
Creators: name: Burger, Kyle S.
name: Berner, Laura A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Adequate energy intake is vital for the survival of humans and is regulated by complex homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms. Supported by functional MRI (fMRI) studies that consistently demonstrate differences in brain response as a function of weight status during exposure to appetizing food stimuli, it has been posited that hedonically driven food intake contributes to weight gain and obesity maintenance. These food reward theories of obesity are reliant on the notion that the aberrant brain response to food stimuli relates directly to ingestive behavior, specifically, excess food intake. Importantly, functioning of homeostatic neuroendocrine regulators of food intake, such as leptin and ghrelin, are impacted by weight status. Thus, data from studies that evaluate the effect of weight status on brain response to food may be a result of differences in neuroendocrine functioning and/or behavior. In the present review, we examine the influence of weight and weight change, exogenous administration of appetitive hormones, and ingestive behavior on BOLD response to food stimuli.
Stochastic six-vertex model
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Corwin, Ivan
name: Gorin, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymmetric six-vertex model in the quadrant with parameters on the stochastic line. We show that the random height function of the model converges to an explicit deterministic limit shape as the mesh size tends to 0. We further prove that the one-point fluctuations around the limit shape are asymptotically governed by the GUE Tracy-Widom distribution. We also explain an equivalent formulation of our model as an interacting particle system, which can be viewed as a discrete time generalization of ASEP started from the step initial condition. Our results confirm an earlier prediction of Gwa and Spohn (1992) that this system belongs to the KPZ universality class.
description: 45 pages, 8 figures
Hydrochus bernardi Makhan
Creators: name: Perkins, Philip D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Hydrochidae
Hydrochus
Hydrochus bernardi

description: Hydrochus bernardi Makhan
Figs. 1, 20, 41
Hydrochus bernardi Makhan 1994: 42.
Originally described from Mexico. The following are new locality data records from Costa Rica and Mexico.
Material examined (44): Costa Rica: 16 m. S. La Cruz, 13.vii.1965, leg. Paul J. Spangler (21 NMNH). Mexico: Chiapas, Mpio, Ángel Albino Corzo, Jaltenango, 16-Jan-2012, 15°52’15”N, 92°43’26” W, Trampa Luz, D. Reynoso col. (1 IEXA); Guerrero, 3.7 mi. E. Marquelia, 10.vii.1974, leg. Clark, Murray, Ashe, Schaffner (1 TAMU); 7 KM DE IXTAPA-PTO. LA SALITRERA, 28.vi.1986, leg. J. Bueno, S. Santiago (2 UNAM); Nayarit, Acaponeta, 15.viii.1960, leg. E. S. Ross, D. C. Rentz, P. H. Arnaud Jr. (1 CAS); San Blas, 17-21.ix.1953, leg. B. Malkin (1 CAS); Sinaloa, 7 mi. N. Rosario, 24.vii.1963, leg. Paul J. Spangler (17 NMNH).
Differential Diagnosis. Among Central American species, recognized by the combination of moderate size (ca. 3.60 mm), the moderately densely punctate pronotum, and the male genitalia (Fig. 20; described below). This species has a generalized Hydrochus habitus (Fig. 20); reliable determinations will require dissection of males.
Male genitalia (Fig. 20). General characters: paramere tips sagittate, plsa moderately prominent, narrower at very tip end in lateral view than in dorsal/ventral views, in dorsal/ventral views with medial margins at apex arcuate toward midline, then arcuate away from midline; aedeagus in dorsal/ventral views lanceolate, moderately wide at agw, at ca. midlength; in lateral view slightly narrower, without emargination where adbl and shaft meet; lateral margins of aedeagus sclerotized; basal piece slightly shorter than parameres, in dorsal/ventral views tapering from distal to proximal, in lateral view dorsal surface arcuate, ventral surfacsse straight, orifice strongly sclerotized.
Dorsal surface: pdmm widely separated, overlapping aedeagus; adbl moderately large; adtl subapical.
Ventral surface: pvmm approximating lateral margin of aedeagus; avtl not apparent; pseudoparameres cylindrical in cross section, ca. ½ as long as parameres.
Remarks. I have examined the holotype, including the male genitalia, of H. bernardi (ZMHB) (Fig. 20).
description: Published as part of Perkins, Philip D., 2021, Taxonomy of Central American water beetles in the genus Hydrochus Leach, 1817 (Coleoptera: Hydrochidae), pp. 459-503 in Zootaxa 4974 (3) on page 473, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4777839
FTO polymorphisms moderate the association of food reinforcement with energy intake
Creators: name: Faith, Myles S.
name: Lin, Henry
name: Sucheston, Lara
name: Erbe, Richard W.
name: Salis, Robbert
name: Singh, Prashant K.
name: Scheid, Jennifer L.
name: Epstein, Leonard H.
name: Fletcher, Kelly D.
name: Allison, David B.
name: Carr, Katelyn A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Food reinforcement (RRVfood) is related to increased energy intake, cross-sectionally related to obesity, and prospectively related to weight gain. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is related to elevated body mass index and increased energy intake. The primary purpose of the current study was to determine whether any of 68 FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or a FTO risk score moderate the association between food reinforcement and energy or macronutrient intake. Energy and macronutrient intake was measured using a laboratory ad libitum snack food consumption task in 237 adults of varying BMI. Controlling for BMI, the relative reinforcing value of reading (RRVreading) and proportion of African ancestry, RRVfood predicted 14.2% of the variance in energy intake, as well as predicted carbohydrate, fat, protein and sugar intake. In individual analyses, six FTO SNPs (rs12921970, rs9936768, rs12446047, rs7199716, rs8049933 and rs11076022, spanning approximately 251K bp) moderated the relationship between RRVfood and energy intake to predict an additional 4.9 - 7.4% of variance in energy intake. We created an FTO risk score based on 5 FTO SNPs (rs9939609, rs8050136, rs3751812, rs1421085, and rs1121980) that are related to BMI in multiple studies. The FTO risk score did not increase variance accounted for beyond individual FTO SNPs. Rs12921970 and rs12446047 served as moderators of the relationship between RRVfood and carbohydrate, fat, protein, and sugar intake. This study shows for the first time that the relationship between RRVfood and energy intake is moderated by FTO SNPs. Research is needed to understand how these processes interact to predict energy and macronutrient intake.
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Il saggio affronta le problematiche di varia natura (sociale, psicologica, economica, informatica, ecc.) determinatesi a seguito della pandemia e della guerra fra Russia ed Ucraina in atto, in un momento storico difficile e complesso, travagliato quale quello che stiamo attraversando. Lo studio indica conseguentemente le possibili ed auspicabili vie che l’arte e la cultura possano e debbano percorrere oggi al fine di creare condizioni di “felicità” nella “città assente”, cioè nella città che, allontanatasi dalla cultura e dall’arte, non è più vicina alle esigenze e ai bisogni psicologici e spirituali della gente. Lo studio, sorretto da evidenze empiriche fa riferimento anche ad esperienze vissute in precise concrete realtà locali, nelle grandi città metropolitane come nelle piccole città di provincia, e soprattutto nel territorio di appartenenza dell’autore (l’Irpinia). Qui, dove la città è più assente, s’avverte la necessità ritrovare la strada della felicità perduta ma ancora possibile.
description: The study deals with the complex problems (social, psychological, economic, information technology, etc.) resulting from the pandemic and the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine, in a difficult and complex historical moment, such as the one we are going through. The study consequently indicates the possible and desirable paths that art and culture can take today in order to create conditions of “happiness” in the “absent city”, that is, in the city which, having moved away from culture and art, does not it is closer to the psychological and spiritual needs and requirements of the people. The study, supported by empirical evidence also refers to experienceslived in specific concrete local realities, in large metropolitan cities as in small provincial towns, and above all in the author’s territory (Irpinia). Here, where the city is more absent, there is a need to find the path of lost but still possible happiness.
Glucose as an eco-friendly reducing agent for a one-pot multicomponent synthesis of quinoxalines
Creators: name: Gorle, Simhachalam
name: V.N., Chandra Sekhar
name: L., Vaikunta Rao
name: K., Raghavendra Rao
name: Akula, Raghunadh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: An efficient and scalable one-pot multicomponent process is developed for the synthesis of quinoxalines by using D-glucose as a clean, renewable and an eco-friendly reductant in an alkaline aqueous medium. This protocol eliminates the nitro reduction by using pyrophoric metal catalysts like Pd, Ni, Zn, etc., and cyclization as separate steps for the synthesis of quinoxalines. Gram scale experiments and further substrate scope of the reaction have also been well demonstrated.
Conserved charges of the Kerr black hole revisited
Creators: name: Günel, Okan
name: Sarıoğlu, Özgür
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Kerr black hole as cast in the Boyer-Lindquist, Kerr-Schild and Weyl canonical coordinates, and calculate its total mass/energy and total angular momentum by using linearized gravity along with its background Killing isometries. We argue that the integration of the relevant gravitational flux does not depend on the geometry of the closed and simply connected spatial boundary provided it is also piecewise smooth.
description: 17 pages, no figures
Neue Überlegungen zu Bachs Weimarer Kantaten-Kalender
Creators: name: Hofmann, Klaus
Publisher: name: Bach-Jahrbuch
Year: 2018

description: Als Hofkonzertmeister hatte J.S.Bach die Verpflichtung übernommen, in der Weimarer Schloßkirche monatlich neue Stücke aufzuführen. Bis Ende 1716 entstanden gut 20 Kirchenkantaten, deren Chronologie seit Philipp Spittas Bach-Biographie eine Herausforderung an die Forschung darstellen. Auf der Grundlage neuer Dokumente werden die Probleme der Chronolgie neu durchdacht. (Karola Weil, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
description: Bach-Jahrbuch, Bd. 79 (1993)
Additional Material for Reviewer
Creators: name: Khvichia, Mariam
name: Chou, Kai-Chun
name: Lee, Sidney
name: Zeitz, David
name: Zou, Shengli
name: Li, Yan
name: Zhang, Jin
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supplemental material includes more details about the data, such as HR-TEM images of particles, IR spectrum of PQD and Cys, PLQY plots, concentration calculations, fitting equations and time constants, kinetic modeling and global fitting results.
The rank and generators of Kihara's elliptic curve with torsion $\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z}$ over $\mathbb{Q}(t)$
Creators: name: Dujella, Andrej
name: Gusić, Ivica
name: Tadić, Petra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the elliptic curve $E$ over $\mathbb{Q}(t)$ found by Kihara, with torsion group $\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z}$ and rank $\geq 5$, which is the current record for the rank of such curves, by using a suitable injective specialization, we determine exactly the rank and generators of $E(\mathbb{Q}(t))$.
Morphology: Word Formation in Linguistics
Creators: name: Preecha Khanetnok
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Morphology
subject: Word Formation
subject: Acronyms
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 3, 1, 83-92
A pilot randomized trial of a cognitive reappraisal obesity prevention program
Creators: name: Shaw, Heather
name: Gau, Jeff M.
name: Burger, Kyle
name: Stice, Eric
name: Yokum, Sonja
name: Rohde, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Evaluate a selective obesity prevention program promoting use of cognitive reappraisals to reduce reward region response and increase inhibitory region response to high-fat/high-sugar foods and reduce intake of fat and sugar to prevent blunted reward region response to intake of such foods.
Non-detection of Broad Hydrogen Radio Recombination Lines in Circinus Galaxy
Creators: name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Shi, Yong
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
name: Liu, Shu
name: Gao, Yu
name: Zhang, Jiangshui
name: Zhu, Fengyao
name: Fang, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The line widths of broad line regions (BLRs) of AGNs are key parameters for understanding the central super massive black holes (SMBHs). However, due to obscuration from dusty torus, optical recombination lines from BLRs in type II AGNs can not be directly detected. Radio recombination lines (RRLs), with low extinction, can be ideal tracers to probe emission from BLRs in type II AGNs. We performed RRL observations for H35$α$ and H36$α$ toward the center of Circinus galaxy with ALMA. Narrow components of H35$α$ and H36$α$, which are thought to be mainly from star forming regions around the nuclear region, are detected. However, only upper limits are obtained for broad H35$α$ and H36$α$. Since Circinus galaxy is one of the nearest AGN, non-detection of broad RRLs in Circinus galaxy at this band tells us that it is hopeless to detect broad RRL emission in local AGNs with current facilities. Submillimetre RRLs, with flux densities that are dozens of times higher than those at the millimetre level, could be the tools to directly detect BLRs in type II AGNs with ALMA, once its backend frequency coverage has been upgraded to several times better than its current capabilities.
description: 5 pages, 2 Figures, published in MNRAS Letters
Acoustic features of prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) ultrasonic vocalizations covary with heart rate
Creators: name: Kenkel, William M.
name: Stewart, Adam Michael
name: Porges, Stephen W.
name: Yee, Jason R.
name: Davila, Maria I.
name: Lewis, Gregory F.
name: Sue Carter, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Vocalizations serve as a conspecific social communication system among mammals. Modulation of acoustic features embedded within vocalizations is used by several mammalian species to signal whether it is safe or dangerous to approach conspecific and heterospecific mammals. As described by the Polyvagal Theory, the phylogenetic shift in the evolution of mammals involved an adaptive neuroanatomical link between the neural circuits regulating heart rate and the muscles involved in modulating the acoustic features of vocalizations. However, few studies have investigated the covariation between heart rate and the acoustic features of vocalizations. In the current study, we document that specific features of vocalizations covary with heart rate in a highly social and vocal mammal, the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster). Findings with the prairie vole illustrate that higher pitch (i.e., fundamental frequency) and less variability in acoustic features of vocalizations (i.e., less vocal prosody) are associated with elevated heart rate. The study provides the first documentation that the acoustic features of prairie vole vocalizations may function as a surrogate index of heart rate.
"Die kräfftige Erquickung unter der schweren Angst=Last"
Creators: name: Petzoldt, Martin
Publisher: name: Bach-Jahrbuch
Year: 2018

description: Die Kantate BWV 21 gehört zu den früh diskutierten Werken Bachs. Die bekannte Fassung stammt aus dem Jahr 1714. Theologische und historische Untersuchungen am Text und an den autographen Quellen lassen jedoch die Annahme zu, daß der bekannten Fassung mindestens eine Fassung vorausging. Die Leichenpredigt Johann Georg Layritz über Psalm 94, 19 - dem Text des zweiten Satzes der Kantate - für die Witwe des Rudolfstädter Kanzlers Ahasverus Fritsch gibt Gründe für die These, daß die gesuchte Vorform aus den Sätzen zwei bis sechs und neun der jetzigen Fassung bestand. (Autor, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
description: Bach-Jahrbuch, Bd. 79 (1993)
Lepton pair production from a hot and dense QCD medium in the presence of an arbitrary magnetic field
Creators: name: Das, Aritra
name: Bandyopadhyay, Aritra
name: Islam, Chowdhury Aminul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we have explored the very important quantity of lepton pair production from a hot and dense QCD medium in presence of an arbitrary external magnetic field for simultaneous nonzero values of both the parallel (along the direction of the external field) and perpendicular (lying on the transverse plane to the external field) components of the dilepton momentum. As opposed to the zero magnetic field case (the so-called Born rate) or the lowest Landau level approximated rate, where only the annihilation process contributes, here we observe contributions also arising out of the quark and antiquark decay processes. We found the encouraging result of considerable enhancement of lepton pair production in presence of an arbitrary magnetic field. We decompose the total rate into different physical processes and discuss their behaviors for both zero and nonzero baryon density. The whole analysis is then subjected to an effective model treatment, where we have incorporated the magnetic field induced novel effects of magnetic catalysis (MC) and inverse MC (IMC) through a medium dependent scalar coupling, which leads to some further interesting observations.
description: 21 pages, 10 captioned figures, Effective model scenario with IMC effect included, Matches with the version in PRD
Das Trio A-Dur BWV 1025: Eine Lautensonate von Silvius Leopold Weiss, bearbeitet von Johann Sebastian Bach
Creators: name: Wolff, Christoph
Publisher: name: Bach-Jahrbuch
Year: 2018

description: Das Trio A-Dur für obligates Cembalo und Violine (BWV 1025) zählt seit langem zu den unechten Werken Bachs, obgleich es in zwei handschriftlichen Quellen unter dem Namen J.S.Bachs überliefert wurde. Neben allgemeinen Bemerkungen zu Echtheitsfragen Bachscher Werke, werden Überlieferungssituation, satztechnische Aspekte sowie Fragen der Autorschaft und der kompositorischen Qualität des Trios A-Dur erörtert. (Karola Weil, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online) Darauf bezugnehmend: Karl-Ernst Schröder, Zum Trio A-Dur BWV 1025 (BJ 1995, S. 47-60)
description: Bach-Jahrbuch, Bd. 79 (1993)
Bach-Überlieferung in Hamburg
Creators: name: Schulze, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: Bach-Jahrbuch
Year: 2018

description: C.P.E.Bachs Hamburger Amtsnachfolger C.F.G.Schwencke ist mit der Überlieferung hochkarätiger Quellen zu Kompositionen Johann Sebastian Bachs eng verbunden. Anhand zweier Kataloge aus den Jahren 1801 und 1824 wird versucht zu rekonstruieren, welche Bachschen Quellen sich in Schwenckes Besitz befunden haben sowie deren Provenienz. (Karola Weil, Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online)
description: Bach-Jahrbuch, Bd. 79 (1993)
Global regularity for a slightly supercritical hyperdissipative Navier-Stokes system
Creators: name: Barbato, David
name: Morandin, Francesco
name: Romito, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove global existence of smooth solutions for a slightly supercritical hyperdissipative Navier--Stokes under the optimal condition on the correction to the dissipation. This proves a conjecture formulated by Tao [Tao2009].
Abrupt transition of the efficient vaccination strategy in a population with heterogeneous fatality rates
Creators: name: Jhun, Bukyoung
name: Choi, Hoyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An insufficient supply of effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in most countries demands an effective vaccination strategy to minimize the damage caused by the disease. Currently, many countries vaccinate their population in descending order of age (i.e. descending order of fatality rate) to minimize the deaths caused by the disease; however, the effectiveness of this strategy needs to be quantitatively assessed. We employ the susceptible-infected-recovered-dead (SIRD) model to investigate various vaccination strategies. We constructed a metapopulation model with heterogeneous contact and fatality rates and investigated the effectiveness of vaccination strategies to reduce epidemic mortality. We found that the fatality-based strategy, which is currently employed in many countries, is more effective when the contagion rate is high and vaccine supply is low, but the contact-based method outperforms the fatality-based strategy when there is a sufficiently high supply of the vaccine. We identified a discontinuous transition of the optimal vaccination strategy and path-dependency analogous to hysteresis. This transition and path-dependency imply that combining the fatality-based and contact-based strategies is ineffective in reducing the number of deaths. Furthermore, we demonstrate that such phenomena occur in real-world epidemic diseases, such as tuberculosis and COVID-19. We also show that the conclusions of this research are valid even when the complex epidemic stages, efficacy of the vaccine, and reinfection are considered.