cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Creators: name: Link, Corinna
name: Seidenfuß, Manfred
name: Friesen, Marita
Publisher: name: heiEDUCATION Journal. Transdisziplinäre Studien zur Lehrerbildung
Year: 2023

description: Dieses Themenheft widmet sich außerschulischen und außerhochschulischen Lernorten in einer transdisziplinären Perspektive. Es fördert den Dialog zwischen diesen Lernorten und Akteur:innen der schulischen bzw. hochschulischen Bildung, indem es gegenseitige Erwartungen anspricht, Gelingensbedingungen aufzeigt und anhand konkreter Erfahrungsberichte Best Practice-Realisationen vorstellt. Außer(hoch)schulisches Lernen wird im Folgenden in seiner Bedeutung für verschiedene Fachrichtungen der Gesellschafts- und Naturwissenschaften skizziert. Einerseits treten so Fachspezifiken hervor. Andererseits zeigt sich, dass Fragen der Inklusion, Nachhaltigkeit und Digitalität fachübergreifende Relevanz entfalten. So eröffnet das Heft in fachlicher Breite und in aktueller Ausrichtung innovative Perspektiven auf außerschulisches und außerhochschulisches Lernen. Der Aufbau außer(hoch)schulischer Lernorte, die Verstetigung der Bildungsangebote und der Kooperationen zwischen Schulen, Hochschulen und diesen Lernorten stellen die wesentlichen Wegmarken dar, anhand derer ein gelungener außer(hoch)schulischer Lerngang erfolgen kann. Die Struktur dieses Hefts spiegelt diese Wegmarken. Es wirft konzeptionelle Debatten auf und weist auf empirischer Grundlage anhand von Best Practice-Beispielen Gelingensbedingungen für außer(hoch)schulisches Lernen aus.
description: heiEDUCATION Journal. Transdisziplinäre Studien zur Lehrerbildung, Nr. 11 (2023): Außer(hoch)schulische Lernorte: inklusiv, nachhaltig, digital!?
Non-Gaussian isocurvature perturbations in dark radiation
Creators: name: Kawakami, Etsuko
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Miyamoto, Koichi
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Sekiguchi, Toyokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-Gaussian properties of the isocurvature perturbations in the dark radiation, which consists of the active neutrinos and extra light species, if exist. We first derive expressions for the bispectra of primordial perturbations which are mixtures of curvature and dark radiation isocurvature perturbations. We also discuss CMB bispectra produced in our model and forecast CMB constraints on the nonlinearity parameters based on the Fisher matrix analysis. Some concrete particle physics motivated models are presented in which large isocurvature perturbations in extra light species and/or the neutrino density isocurvature perturbations as well as their non-Gaussianities may be generated. Thus detections of non-Gaussianity in the dark radiation isocurvature perturbation will give us an opportunity to identify the origin of extra light species and lepton asymmetry.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
A Combined Phenotypic-Genotypic Predictive Algorithm for In Vitro Detection of Bicarbonate: β-Lactam Sensitization among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Creators: name: Ersoy, Selvi C.
name: Rose, Warren E.
name: Patel, Robin
name: Proctor, Richard A.
name: Chambers, Henry F.
name: Harrison, Ewan M.
name: Pak, Youngju
name: Bayer, Arnold S.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
β-lactam susceptibility
sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)
genome sequencing

description: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is routinely used to establish predictive antibiotic resistance metrics to guide the treatment of bacterial pathogens. Recently, a novel phenotype termed “bicarbonate (NaHCO3)-responsiveness” was identified in a relatively high frequency of clinical MRSA strains, wherein isolates demonstrate in vitro “susceptibility” to standard β-lactams (oxacillin [OXA]; cefazolin [CFZ]) in the presence of NaHCO3, and in vivo susceptibility to these β-lactams in experimental endocarditis models. We investigated whether a targeted phenotypic-genotypic screening of MRSA could rule in or rule out NaHCO3 susceptibility upfront. We studied 30 well-characterized clinical MRSA bloodstream isolates, including 15 MIC-susceptible to CFZ and OXA in NaHCO3-supplemented Mueller–Hinton Broth (MHB); and 15 MIC-resistant to both β-lactams in this media. Using a two-tiered strategy, isolates were first screened by standard disk diffusion for susceptibility to a combination of amoxicillin-clavulanate [AMC]. Isolates then underwent genomic sequence typing: MLST (clonal complex [CC]); agr; SCCmec; and mecA promoter and coding region. The combination of AMC disk susceptibility testing plus mecA and spa genotyping was able to predict MRSA strains that were more or less likely to be NaHCO3-responsive in vitro, with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Validation of this screening algorithm was performed in six strains from the overall cohort using an ex vivo model of endocarditis. This ex vivo model recapitulated the in vitro predictions of NaHCO3-responsiveness vs. nonresponsiveness above in five of the six strains.
Urban form and building energy : quantifying relationships using a multi-scale approach
Creators: name: Miller, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Cities and energy are fundamentally connected. Approximately half of the energy consumed in urban areas is used by buildings, resulting in over 35% of the world’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Urban form (i.e. building morphology and urban structure) plays an important role in building energy; however, few studies have addressed this role in a comprehensive and quantitative way due to the complexities involved in modeling urban systems. This study provides a multi-scale examination of the relationships between urban form and building energy, using the Metro Vancouver region of British Columbia, Canada as an example. The thesis applies consistent methods of 3D and energy simulation modeling at three scales, ranging from individual buildings to urban patterns (i.e. neighbourhood-scale). Quantified impacts of urban form on building heating demand, cooling demand and local energy generation potential are presented. In total, 12 building archetypes and 14 urban patterns are modeled, ranging in density from 0.3 to 2.3 FAR (10 to 250 uph). Each pattern varies in building form, building arrangement, street configuration and mix of building activities. The results illustrate that building morphology and urban structure do influence building energy demand and local energy generation potential; however, the complexity and heterogeneity of urban form at larger scales is found to abate net impacts as “tradeoffs” occur between the energy-reducing and energy-increasing effects of urban form characteristics. For example, while the heating and cooling demand of individual buildings can vary significantly (30%-70%) with urban horizon angle (an indicator of shading from adjacent buildings), the net impact modeled at the urban pattern scale is far less (as little as 5%). The results suggest that urban form will be one of many tools needed to mitigate current energy consumption and GHG emission levels, and synergies between urban form, building systems and materials, and occupant behaviour should be sought. Findings from this thesis will inform the work of local governments and urban planners with interest in building energy at scales larger than individual buildings.
Masses of Fundamental Particles
Creators: name: Terazawa, Hidezumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the original paper entitled, "Masses of Fundamental Particles"(arXiv:1109.3705v5, 10 Feb 2012), not only the masses of fundamental particles including the weak bosons, Higgs boson, quarks, and leptons, but also the mixing angles of quarks and those of neutrinos are all explained and/or predicted in the unified composite models of quarks and leptons successfully. In this addendum entitled, "Higgs Boson Mass in the Minimal Unified Subquark Model", it is emphasized that the Higgs boson mass is predicted to be about 130Gev in the minimal unified subquark model, which agrees well with the experimental values of 125-126GeV recently found by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations at the LHC.
description: 3 pages, a contribution presented at the Eighth Bolyai-Gauss-Lobachevsky International Conference on Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Physics and Mathematics, Uzhgorod, Ukraine, May 22-25, 2012, whose extended version, Hidezumi Terazawa and Masaki Yasue, arXiv:1401.3562v8, is published in Journal of Modern Physics, Vol.5, No.5, 205(2014)
Angular Momentum Transport and Variability in Boundary Layers of Accretion Disks Driven by Global Acoustic Modes
Creators: name: Belyaev, Mikhail A.
name: Rafikov, Roman R.
name: Stone, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disk accretion onto a weakly magnetized central object, e.g. a star, is inevitably accompanied by the formation of a boundary layer near the surface, in which matter slows down from the highly supersonic orbital velocity of the disk to the rotational velocity of the star. We perform high resolution 2D hydrodynamical simulations in the equatorial plane of an astrophysical boundary layer with the goal of exploring the dynamics of non-axisymmetric structures that form there. We generically find that the supersonic shear in the boundary layer excites non-axisymmetric quasi-stationary acoustic modes that are trapped between the surface of the star and a Lindblad resonance in the disk. These modes rotate in a prograde fashion, are stable for hundreds of orbital periods, and have a pattern speed that is less than and of order the rotational velocity at the inner edge of the disk. The origin of these intrinsically global modes is intimately related to the operation of a corotation amplifier in the system. Dissipation of acoustic modes in weak shocks provides a universal mechanism for angular momentum and mass transport even in purely hydrodynamic (i.e. non-magnetized) boundary layers. We discuss the possible implications of these trapped modes for explaining the variability seen in accreting compact objects.
description: 41 pages, 19 figures, accepted to ApJ
Agricultural Monitoring with Spaceborne X-band SAR Data
Creators: name: Koppe, Wolfgang
name: Gnyp, Martin Leon
name: Yao, Yinkun
name: Miao, Yuxin
name: Bareth, Georg
Publisher: name: Geographisches Institut der Universität zu Köln - Kölner Geographische Arbeiten
Year: 2011
Subjects: TerraSAR-X
Multi-Temporal
Biomass
Remote Sensing

description: In this study, we investigated the use of TerraSAR-X Spotlight data for monitoring rice cultivation in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Multi-temporal TerraSAR-X data acquired in dual polarization mode (HH/VV) were analysed to assess the potential of a high resolution X-band spaceborne sensor for rice productivity mapping and yield prediction. Satellite data were acquired from June to August 2009 in conjunction with ground truth information of the crop canopy, such as LAI, plant height, tiller density, and biomass. In the first part, the sensitivity of radar backscatter was analysed to identify backscatter signatures as a function of rice phenology. The methods were based on spatial and temporal changes of the backscattered intensity of copolar data. At the early growth stages the signal increased to maximum due to double bounce response from the stem  soil interaction. With increasing density of the foliage, the attenuation of the stem  soil interaction by the leaves results in a decreasing backscattering signal until the heads evolve and cover the canopy. The heads appear at around day 70 after transplanting and act as important scatterers during the heading stage. In a second part, we conducted a correlation analysis between the TerraSAR-X backscattering signal and rice biomass, separated into different parts of the plant, such as stem, leaf, and head. The obvious seasonal trend of the backscattering coefficient showed that the X-band is highly sensitive to changes in the canopy and the size of the dominant elements. The findings based on the multi-temporal backscatter analysis were confirmed by the correlation analysis. In accordance with the growth of the rice plants, the sensitivity of the X-band sensor changes during the growing season, from soil  stem interaction to the leaf and heads of the plants.
description: Proceedings on the Workshop of Remote Sensing Methods for Change Detection and Process Modelling, 18-19 November 2010, University of Cologne, Germany, Kölner Geographische Arbeiten, 92, pp. 55-61
Language Disorder in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome: Neural Correlates and Detection by the MLSE Screening Tool.
Creators: name: Peterson, Katie A
name: Jones, P Simon
name: Patel, Nikil
name: Tsvetanov, Kamen A
name: Ingram, Ruth
name: Cappa, Stefano F
name: Lambon Ralph, Matthew A
name: Patterson, Karalyn
name: Garrard, Peter
name: Rowe, James B
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Language
Aphasia
Speech
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Corticobasal Syndrome

description: Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) affect speech and language as well as motor functions. Clinical and neuropathological data indicate a close relationship between these two disorders and the non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA). We use the recently developed Mini Linguistic State Examination tool (MLSE) to study speech and language disorders in patients with PSP, CBS, and nfvPPA, in combination with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Fifty-one patients (PSP N = 13, CBS N = 19, nfvPPA N = 19) and 30 age-matched controls completed the MLSE, the short form of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE), and the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III. Thirty-eight patients and all controls underwent structural MRI at 3 Tesla, with T1 and T2-weighted images processed by surface-based and subcortical segmentation within FreeSurfer 6.0.0 to extract cortical thickness and subcortical volumes. Morphometric differences were compared between groups and correlated with the severity of speech and language impairment. Results: CBS and PSP patients showed impaired MLSE performance, compared to controls, with a similar language profile to nfvPPA, albeit less severe. All patient groups showed reduced cortical thickness in bilateral frontal regions and striatal volume. PSP and nfvPPA patients also showed reduced superior temporal cortical thickness, with additional thalamic and amygdalo-hippocampal volume reductions in nfvPPA. Multivariate analysis of brain-wide cortical thickness and subcortical volumes with MLSE domain scores revealed associations between performance on multiple speech and language domains with atrophy of left-lateralised fronto-temporal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, putamen, and caudate. Conclusions: The effect of PSP and CBS on speech and language overlaps with nfvPPA. These three disorders cause a common anatomical pattern of atrophy in the left frontotemporal language network and striatum. The MLSE is a short clinical screening tool that can identify the language disorder of PSP and CBS, facilitating clinical management and patient access to future clinical trials.
Renormalizing Chiral Nuclear Forces: A Case Study of 3P0
Creators: name: Long, Bingwei
name: Yang, C. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss in this paper the subleading contact interactions, or counterterms, in the 3P0 channel of nucleon-nucleon scattering up to O(Q^3), where, already at leading order, Weinberg's original power counting (WPC) scheme fails to fulfill renormalization group invariance due to the singular attraction of one-pion exchange. Treating the subleading interactions as perturbations and using renormalization group invariance as the criterion, we investigate whether WPC, although missing the leading order, could prescribe correct subleading counterterms. We find that the answer is negative and, instead, that the structure of counterterms agrees with a modified version of naive dimensional analysis. Using 3P0 as an example, we also study the cutoffs where the subleading potential can be iterated together with the leading one.
description: published version
HIF-1-Independent Mechanisms Regulating Metabolic Adaptation in Hypoxic Cancer Cells
Creators: name: Lee, Shen-Han
name: Golinska, Monika
name: Griffiths, John R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)
hypoxia
cancer metabolism
glycolysis
creatine metabolism
Myc
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
2-hydroxyglutarate
glutamine metabolism
lipid metabolism

description: In solid tumours, cancer cells exist within hypoxic microenvironments, and their metabolic adaptation to this hypoxia is driven by HIF-1 transcription factor, which is overexpressed in a broad range of human cancers. HIF inhibitors are under pre-clinical investigation and clinical trials, but there is evidence that hypoxic cancer cells can adapt metabolically to HIF-1 inhibition, which would provide a potential route for drug resistance. Here, we review accumulating evidence of such adaptions in carbohydrate and creatine metabolism and other HIF-1-independent mechanisms that might allow cancers to survive hypoxia despite anti-HIF-1 therapy. These include pathways in glucose, glutamine, and lipid metabolism; epigenetic mechanisms; post-translational protein modifications; spatial reorganization of enzymes; signalling pathways such as Myc, PI3K-Akt, 2-hyxdroxyglutarate and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); and activation of the HIF-2 pathway. All of these should be investigated in future work on hypoxia bypass mechanisms in anti-HIF-1 cancer therapy. In principle, agents targeted toward HIF-1β rather than HIF-1α might be advantageous, as both HIF-1 and HIF-2 require HIF-1β for activation. However, HIF-1β is also the aryl hydrocarbon nuclear transporter (ARNT), which has functions in many tissues, so off-target effects should be expected. In general, cancer therapy by HIF inhibition will need careful attention to potential resistance mechanisms.
Biomolecular insights into North African-related ancestry, mobility and diet in eleventh-century Al-Andalus
Creators: name: Silva, Marina
name: Oteo-García, Gonzalo
name: Martiniano, Rui
name: Guimarães, João
name: Von Tersch, Matthew
name: Madour, Ali
name: Shoeib, Tarek
name: Fichera, Alessandro
name: Justeau, Pierre
name: Foody, M. George B.
name: McGrath, Krista
name: Barrachina, Amparo
name: Palomar, Vicente
name: Dulias, Katharina
name: Yau, Bobby
name: Gandini, Francesca
name: Clarke, Douglas J.
name: Rosa, Alexandra
name: Brehm, António
name: Flaquer, Antònia
name: Rito, Teresa
name: Olivieri, Anna
name: Achilli, Alessandro
name: Torroni, Antonio
name: Gómez-Carballa, Alberto
name: Salas, Antonio
name: Bryk, Jaroslaw
name: Ditchfield, Peter W.
name: Alexander, Michelle
name: Pala, Maria
name: Soares, Pedro A.
name: Edwards, Ceiridwen J.
name: Richards, Martin B.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/181/19
/631/181/27
/631/181/2474
/631/181/457
article

description: Funder: Leverhulme Trust; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000275
description: Funder: Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
description: Abstract: Historical records document medieval immigration from North Africa to Iberia to create Islamic al-Andalus. Here, we present a low-coverage genome of an eleventh century CE man buried in an Islamic necropolis in Segorbe, near Valencia, Spain. Uniparental lineages indicate North African ancestry, but at the autosomal level he displays a mosaic of North African and European-like ancestries, distinct from any present-day population. Altogether, the genome-wide evidence, stable isotope results and the age of the burial indicate that his ancestry was ultimately a result of admixture between recently arrived Amazigh people (Berbers) and the population inhabiting the Peninsula prior to the Islamic conquest. We detect differences between our sample and a previously published group of contemporary individuals from Valencia, exemplifying how detailed, small-scale aDNA studies can illuminate fine-grained regional and temporal differences. His genome demonstrates how ancient DNA studies can capture portraits of past genetic variation that have been erased by later demographic shifts—in this case, most likely the seventeenth century CE expulsion of formerly Islamic communities as tolerance dissipated following the Reconquista by the Catholic kingdoms of the north.
Aug. Pyrami de Candolle Botanicon Gallicum : seu synopsis plantarum in flora Gallica descriptarum. Ex herbariis et schedis candollianis propriisque digestum
Creators: name: Candolle, Augustin Pyramus De
Publisher: name: Desray
Year: 1828

description: J.E. Duby
description: pars secunda (1830, S. 545-1068) : Plantas cellulares continens
description: pars prima (1828, 544 S.) : Plantas vasculares continens
The Halo Occupation Distribution of SDSS Quasars
Creators: name: Richardson, Jonathan
name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Chatterjee, Suchetana
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Shen, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an estimate of the projected two-point correlation function (2PCF) of quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) over the full range of one- and two-halo scales, 0.02-120 Mpc/h. This was achieved by combining data from SDSS DR7 on large scales and Hennawi et al. (2006; with appropriate statistical corrections) on small scales. Our combined clustering sample is the largest spectroscopic quasar clustering sample to date, containing ~48,000 quasars in the redshift range 0.4
description: matches the ApJ published version
An approach for automatic real-time interpolation of phenological phases
Creators: name: Möller, Markus
name: Birger, Jens
name: Gläßer, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Geographisches Institut der Universität zu Köln - Kölner Geographische Arbeiten
Year: 2011
Subjects: Plant Growth
Remote Sensing
Agriculture

description: Optical remote sensing data are widely used for the classification of natural and agricultural vegetation classes. The distinction of phenological stages within specific and between different species requires the availability of multi-temporal data sets. New satellite systems provide both data of high geometric resolution and high repetition rates. Due to cost efficiency, the knowledge of up-to-date phenological stages is of importance for the identification of optimal temporal windows for vegetation discrimination with remote sensing. On the example of the total area of Germany and the phenological stage 'yellow ripeness' of winter wheat in 2010, the presented algorithm demonstrates how daily phenological stages can be automatically interpolated on demand, in real-time and considering interpolation accuracies. As input we use daily provided point data of temperature and phenological stages from the extensive network of the German Weather Service (DWD) as well as a SRTM digital terrain model (DTM) with a geometric resolution of 90 m x 90 m.
description: Proceedings on the Workshop of Remote Sensing Methods for Change Detection and Process Modelling, 18-19 November 2010, University of Cologne, Germany, Kölner Geographische Arbeiten, 92, pp. 101-108
Time-resolved in vivo ubiquitinome profiling by DIA-MS reveals USP7 targets on a proteome-wide scale
Creators: name: Steger, Martin
name: Demichev, Vadim
name: Backman, Mattias
name: Ohmayer, Uli
name: Ihmor, Phillip
name: Müller, Stefan
name: Ralser, Markus
name: Daub, Henrik
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/45/475
/631/1647/296
/631/337/458/582
/631/553/2701
/82/58
article

description: Abstract: Mass spectrometry (MS)-based ubiquitinomics provides system-level understanding of ubiquitin signaling. Here we present a scalable workflow for deep and precise in vivo ubiquitinome profiling, coupling an improved sample preparation protocol with data-independent acquisition (DIA)-MS and neural network-based data processing specifically optimized for ubiquitinomics. Compared to data-dependent acquisition (DDA), our method more than triples identification numbers to 70,000 ubiquitinated peptides in single MS runs, while significantly improving robustness and quantification precision. Upon inhibition of the oncology target USP7, we simultaneously record ubiquitination and consequent changes in abundance of more than 8,000 proteins at high temporal resolution. While ubiquitination of hundreds of proteins increases within minutes of USP7 inhibition, we find that only a small fraction of those are ever degraded, thereby dissecting the scope of USP7 action. Our method enables rapid mode-of-action profiling of candidate drugs targeting DUBs or ubiquitin ligases at high precision and throughput.
Which finitely generated Abelian groups admit isomorphic Cayley graphs?
Creators: name: Loeh, Clara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C63, 20F65

description: We show that Cayley graphs of finitely generated Abelian groups are rather rigid. As a consequence we obtain that two finitely generated Abelian groups admit isomorphic Cayley graphs if and only if they have the same rank and their torsion parts have the same cardinality. The proof uses only elementary arguments and is formulated in a geometric language.
description: 16 pages; v2: added reference, reformulated quasi-convexity, v3: small corrections; to appear in Geometriae Dedicata
Finite frequency noise properties of the non-equilibrium Anderson impurity model
Creators: name: Orth, Christoph P.
name: Urban, Daniel F.
name: Komnik, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the spectrum of the electric-current autocorrelation function (noise power) in the Anderson impurity model biased by a finite transport voltage. Special emphasis is placed on the interplay of non-equilibrium effects and electron-electron interactions. Analytic results are presented for a perturbation expansion in the interaction strength $U$. Compared to the non-interacting setup we find a suppression of noise for finite frequencies in equilibrium and an amplification in non-equilibrium. Furthermore, we use a diagrammatic resummation scheme to obtain non-perturbative results in the regime of intermediate $U$. At finite voltage, the noise spectrum shows sharp peaks at positions related to the Kondo temperature instead of the voltage.
Contact tracing is an imperfect tool for controlling COVID-19 transmission and relies on population adherence
Creators: name: Davis, Emma L.
name: Lucas, Tim C. D.
name: Borlase, Anna
name: Pollington, Timothy M.
name: Abbott, Sam
name: Ayabina, Diepreye
name: Crellen, Thomas
name: Hellewell, Joel
name: Pi, Li
name: Medley, Graham F.
name: Hollingsworth, T. Déirdre
name: Klepac, Petra
name: Lowe, Rachel
name: Endo, Akira
name: Davies, Nicholas
name: Gore-Langton, Georgia R.
name: Russell, Timothy W.
name: Bosse, Nikos I.
name: Quaife, Matthew
name: Kucharski, Adam J.
name: Nightingale, Emily S.
name: Pearson, Carl A. B.
name: Gibbs, Hamish
name: O’Reilly, Kathleen
name: Jombart, Thibaut
name: Rees, Eleanor M.
name: Deol, Arminder K.
name: Hué, Stéphane
name: Auzenbergs, Megan
name: Houben, Rein M. G. J.
name: Funk, Sebastian
name: Li, Yang
name: Sun, Fiona
name: Prem, Kiesha
name: Quilty, Billy J.
name: Villabona-Arenas, Julian
name: Barnard, Rosanna C.
name: Hodgson, David
name: Foss, Anna
name: Jarvis, Christopher I.
name: Meakin, Sophie R.
name: Eggo, Rosalind M.
name: Abbas, Kaja
name: Zandvoort, Kevin Van
name: Emery, Jon C.
name: Tully, Damien C.
name: Sandmann, Frank G.
name: Edmunds, W. John
name: Gimma, Amy
name: Knight, Gwen
name: Munday, James D.
name: Diamond, Charlie
name: Jit, Mark
name: Leclerc, Quentin
name: Rosello, Alicia
name: Chan, Yung-Wai Desmond
name: Simons, David
name: Clifford, Sam
name: Flasche, Stefan
name: Procter, Simon R.
name: Atkins, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/114/2397
/631/326/596/4130
/692/699/255/2514
/692/700/478/174
article

description: Abstract: Emerging evidence suggests that contact tracing has had limited success in the UK in reducing the R number across the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigate potential pitfalls and areas for improvement by extending an existing branching process contact tracing model, adding diagnostic testing and refining parameter estimates. Our results demonstrate that reporting and adherence are the most important predictors of programme impact but tracing coverage and speed plus diagnostic sensitivity also play an important role. We conclude that well-implemented contact tracing could bring small but potentially important benefits to controlling and preventing outbreaks, providing up to a 15% reduction in R. We reaffirm that contact tracing is not currently appropriate as the sole control measure.
Closing in on Asymmetric Dark Matter I: Model independent limits for interactions with quarks
Creators: name: March-Russell, John
name: Unwin, James
name: West, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that experimental constraints on theories of asymmetric dark matter (ADM) almost certainly require that the DM be part of a richer hidden sector of interacting states of comparable mass or lighter. A general requisite of models of ADM is that the vast majority of the symmetric component of the DM number density must be removed in order to explain the observed relationship $Ω_B\simΩ_{DM}$ via the DM asymmetry. Demanding the efficient annihilation of the symmetric component leads to a tension with experimental limits if the annihilation is directly to Standard Model (SM) degrees of freedom. A comprehensive effective operator analysis of the model independent constraints on ADM from direct detection experiments and LHC monojet searches is presented. Notably, the limits obtained essentially exclude models of ADM with mass 1GeV$\lesssim m_{DM} \lesssim$ 100GeV annihilating to SM quarks via heavy mediator states. This motivates the study of portal interactions between the dark and SM sectors mediated by light states. Resonances and threshold effects involving the new light states are shown to be important for determining the exclusion limits.
description: 18+6 pages, 18 figures. v2: version accepted for publication
Issue 5: 107-112; Sep 25, 2016 ISSN 2228-7701 CROP RESIDUE QUALITY LOSS AND FORAGE CONSERVATION STRATEGY IN MECHA DISTRICTS OF AMAHARA REGION, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Malede BIRHAN, Yeshamble MEKURIAW
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: No abstract available for this resource
Correlations in sequences of generalized eigenproblems arising in Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Di Napoli, Edoardo
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Bientinesi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density Functional Theory (DFT) is one of the most used ab initio theoretical frameworks in materials science. It derives the ground state properties of a multi-atomic ensemble directly from the computation of its one-particle density \nr .In DFT-based simulations the solution is calculated through a chain of successive self-consistent cycles; in each cycle a series of coupled equations (Kohn-Sham) translates to a large number of generalized eigenvalue problems whose eigenpairs are the principal means for expressing \nr. A simulation ends when \nr\ has converged to the solution within the required numerical accuracy. This usually happens after several cycles, resulting in a process calling for the solution of many sequences of eigenproblems. In this paper, the authors report evidence showing unexpected correlations between adjacent eigenproblems within each sequence. By investigating the numerical properties of the sequences of generalized eigenproblems it is shown that the eigenvectors undergo an "evolution" process. At the same time it is shown that the Hamiltonian matrices exhibit a similar evolution and manifest a specific pattern in the information they carry. Correlation between eigenproblems within a sequence is of capital importance: information extracted from the simulation at one step of the sequence could be used to compute the solution at the next step. Although they are not explored in this work, the implications could be manifold: from increasing the performance of material simulations, to the development of an improved iterative solver, to modifying the mathematical foundations of the DFT computational paradigm in use, thus opening the way to the investigation of new materials.
description: 11 Pages and 6 figures. Added references, appendix and figures. Accepted for publication by Computer Physics Communications
Exploring the neural network underlying task-relevancy influences on movement-related gating
Creators: name: Brown, Katlyn Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Movement-related gating is influenced by task-relevancy manipulations, such that increased sensory information ascends to the cortex when information is relevant, but does not when it is irrelevant (1). Regardless of relevancy, during movement smaller cortical somatosensory responses are produced as compared to those evoked by similar stimulation at rest (1). These task-relevancy effects have specifically been documented during movement of the lower limb (1). Task-relevancy effects have been hypothesized to be controlled by the prefrontal cortex (PFC) based on this region's known role in selective attention, as well as filtering of distracting information at later stages of somatosensory processing (2). The purpose of the current study was first to verify task-relevancy influences on movement-related gating in the upper limb, and second to test the contribution of the PFC to these relevancy effects. Eleven healthy participants received median nerve stimulation at the left wrist during three conditions: rest, task-irrelevant movement, and task-relevant movement. The cortical responses to these median nerve stimulations were measured in the form of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). Each of these three conditions was collected on a baseline day and on two separate days following either continuous theta burst (cTBS), which has a net inhibitory effect on cortical excitability, over the contralateral primary somatosensory cortex (S1) or the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Results demonstrated a significant interaction effect between the stimulation site and the condition, with post-hoc tests revealing that following cTBS over S1 or DLPFC, relevancy based modulation of SEP amplitude was abolished. These results indicate that both S1 and DLPFC are integral to individual ability to facilitate relevant sensory information in order to complete a motor task.
Accretion onto Black Holes from Large Scales Regulated by Radiative Feedback. II. Growth Rate and Duty Cycle
Creators: name: Park, KwangHo
name: Ricotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper, the second of a series on radiation-regulated accretion onto black holes (BHs) from galactic scales, focuses on the effects of radiation pressure and angular momentum of the accreting gas. We simulate accretion onto intermediate-mass black holes, but we derive general scaling relationships that are solutions of the Bondi problem with radiation feedback valid for any mass of the BH $M_{\rm bh}$. Thermal pressure of the ionized sphere around the BH regulates the accretion rate producing periodic and short-lived luminosity bursts. We find that for ambient gas densities exceeding $n^{\rm cr}_{\rm H,\infty} \propto M_{\rm bh}^{-1}$, the period of the oscillations decreases rapidly and the duty cycle increases from 6%, in agreement with observations of the fraction of active galactic nuclei at $z\sim 3$, to 50%. The mean accretion rate becomes Eddington limited for $n_{\rm H,\infty}>n_{\rm H,\infty}^{\rm Edd} \simeq n_{\rm H,\infty}^{\rm cr} T_{\infty,4}^{-1}$ where $T_{\infty,4}$ is the gas temperature in units of $10^4$ K. In the sub-Eddington regime, the mean accretion rate onto BHs is about $1% T_{\infty,4}^{2.5}$ of the Bondi rate, thus is proportional to the thermal pressure of the ambient medium. The period of the oscillations coincides with depletion timescale of the gas inside the ionized bubble surrounding the BH. Gas depletion is dominated by a pressure gradient pushing the gas outward if $n_{\rm H,\infty}
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, published in ApJ, for associated mpeg files, see http://www.astro.umd.edu/~kpark/research.html
SMARCA4/2 loss inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis by restricting IP3R3-mediated Ca 2+ flux to mitochondria
Creators: name: Xue, Yibo
name: Morris, Jordan L.
name: Yang, Kangning
name: Fu, Zheng
name: Zhu, Xianbing
name: Johnson, Fraser
name: Meehan, Brian
name: Witkowski, Leora
name: Yasmeen, Amber
name: Golenar, Tunde
name: Coatham, Mackenzie
name: Morin, Geneviève
name: Monast, Anie
name: Pilon, Virginie
name: Fiset, Pierre Olivier
name: Jung, Sungmi
name: Gonzalez, Anne V.
name: Camilleri-Broet, Sophie
name: Fu, Lili
name: Postovit, Lynne-Marie
name: Spicer, Jonathan
name: Gotlieb, Walter H.
name: Guiot, Marie-Christine
name: Rak, Janusz
name: Park, Morag
name: Lockwood, William
name: Foulkes, William D.
name: Prudent, Julien
name: Huang, Sidong
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/67/68/2486
/631/67/1059/2326
/631/67/1244
/631/80/82/23
/13/106
/13/89
/13/95
/13/44
/13/51
/13/31
/13/2
/14/19
/38/15
/38/39
/49/47
/82/80
article

description: Abstract: Inactivating mutations in SMARCA4 and concurrent epigenetic silencing of SMARCA2 characterize subsets of ovarian and lung cancers. Concomitant loss of these key subunits of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in both cancers is associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis. Here, we discover that SMARCA4/2 loss inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis through disrupting intracellular organelle calcium ion (Ca2+) release in these cancers. By restricting chromatin accessibility to ITPR3, encoding Ca2+ channel IP3R3, SMARCA4/2 deficiency causes reduced IP3R3 expression leading to impaired Ca2+ transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria required for apoptosis induction. Reactivation of SMARCA2 by a histone deacetylase inhibitor rescues IP3R3 expression and enhances cisplatin response in SMARCA4/2-deficient cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings elucidate the contribution of SMARCA4/2 to Ca2+-dependent apoptosis induction, which may be exploited to enhance chemotherapy response in SMARCA4/2-deficient cancers.
Supplementary document for Relief of Tumor Hypoxia Using a Nanoenzyme Amplifies NIR-II Photoacoustic-Guided Photothermal Therapy - 6671142.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Jingqin
name: Xue, Qiang
name: Zeng, Silue
name: Ren, Yaguang
name: Pan, Yingying
name: Chen, Jianhai
name: chen, ningbo
name: Wong, Kenneth Kin-Yip
name: Song, Liang
name: fang, chihua
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Revised supplemental document
On the full calculus of pseudo-differential operators on boundary groupoids with polynomial growth
Creators: name: So, Bing Kwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58H05, 58J05, 35S05

description: In this paper, we enlarge the space of uniformly supported pseudo-differential operators on some groupoids by considering kernels satisfying certain asymptotic estimates. We show that such enlarged space contains the compact parametrix, and the generalized inverse of uniformly supported operators with Fredholm vector representation.
description: v3: final version v2: corrected 4.12 and proof of 4.11
Supplementary document for Relief of Tumor Hypoxia Using a Nanoenzyme Amplifies NIR-II Photoacoustic-Guided Photothermal Therapy - 6753038.pdf
Creators: name: Xue, Qiang
name: Zeng, Silue
name: Ren, Yaguang
name: Pan, Yingying
name: Chen, Jianhai
name: chen, ningbo
name: Wong, Kenneth Kin-Yip
name: Song, Liang
name: fang, chihua
name: Guo, Jinhan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Molecular Dynamics Study of the Primary Ferrofluid Aggregate Formation
Creators: name: Tanygin, B. M.
name: Kovalenko, V. F.
name: Petrychuk, M. V.
name: Dzyan, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of the phase transitions and self-organization in the magnetic aggregates are of the fundamental and applied interest. The long-range ordering structures described in the Tománek's systematization (M. Yoon, and D. Tománek, 2010 [1]) are not yet obtained in the direct molecular dynamics simulations. The resulted structures usually are the linear chains or circles, or, else, amorphous (liquid) formations. In the present work, it was shown, that the thermodynamically equilibrium primary ferrofluid aggregate has either the long-range ordered or liquid phase. Due to the unknown steric layer force and other model idealizations, the clear experimental verification of the real equilibrium phase is still required. The predicted long-range ordered (crystallized) phase produces the faceting shape of the primary ferrofluid aggregate, which can be recognized experimentally. The medical (antiviral) application of the crystallized aggregates has been suggested. Dynamic formation of all observed ferrofluid nanostructures conforms to the Tománek's systematization.
description: Revised in the JMMM
DNA methylation landscapes of 1538 breast cancers reveal a replication-linked clock, epigenomic instability and cis- regulation
Creators: name: Batra, Rajbir Nath
name: Lifshitz, Aviezer
name: Vidakovic, Ana Tufegdzic
name: Chin, Suet-Feung
name: Sati-Batra, Ankita
name: Sammut, Stephen-John
name: Provenzano, Elena
name: Ali, H. Raza
name: Dariush, Ali
name: Bruna, Alejandra
name: Murphy, Leigh
name: Purushotham, Arnie
name: Ellis, Ian
name: Green, Andrew
name: Garrett-Bakelman, Francine E.
name: Mason, Chris
name: Melnick, Ari
name: Aparicio, Samuel A. J. R.
name: Rueda, Oscar M.
name: Tanay, Amos
name: Caldas, Carlos
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/67/1347
/631/208/177
/49
/49/23
article

description: Funder: Wellcome Trust (Wellcome); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100004440
description: Funder: Cancer Research UK (CRUK); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000289
description: Funder: EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100010663
description: Abstract: DNA methylation is aberrant in cancer, but the dynamics, regulatory role and clinical implications of such epigenetic changes are still poorly understood. Here, reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) profiles of 1538 breast tumors and 244 normal breast tissues from the METABRIC cohort are reported, facilitating detailed analysis of DNA methylation within a rich context of genomic, transcriptional, and clinical data. Tumor methylation from immune and stromal signatures are deconvoluted leading to the discovery of a tumor replication-linked clock with genome-wide methylation loss in non-CpG island sites. Unexpectedly, methylation in most tumor CpG islands follows two replication-independent processes of gain (MG) or loss (ML) that we term epigenomic instability. Epigenomic instability is correlated with tumor grade and stage, TP53 mutations and poorer prognosis. After controlling for these global trans-acting trends, as well as for X-linked dosage compensation effects, cis-specific methylation and expression correlations are uncovered at hundreds of promoters and over a thousand distal elements. Some of these targeted known tumor suppressors and oncogenes. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that global epigenetic instability can erode cancer methylomes and expose them to localized methylation aberrations in-cis resulting in transcriptional changes seen in tumors.
Side-channel-free quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Braunstein, Samuel L.
name: Pirandola, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the promise of absolutely secure communications. However, proofs of absolute security often assume perfect implementation from theory to experiment. Thus, existing systems may be prone to insidious side-channel attacks that rely on flaws in experimental implementation. Here we replace all real channels with virtual channels in a QKD protocol, making the relevant detectors and settings inside private spaces inaccessible while simultaneously acting as a Hilbert space filter to eliminate side-channel attacks. By using a quantum memory we find that we are able to bound the secret-key rate below by the entanglement-distillation rate computed over the distributed states.
description: Considering general quantum systems, we extended QKD to the presence of an untrusted relay, whose measurement creates secret correlations in remote stations (achievable rate lower-bounded by the coherent information). This key ingredient, i.e., the use of a measurement-based untrusted relay, has been called 'measurement-device independence' in another arXiv submission (arXiv:1109.1473)