cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of stroke in adults aged 40–79 years in Germany
Creators: name: Busch, Markus
name: Schienkiewitz, Anja
name: Nowossadeck, Enno
name: Gößwald, Antje
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Prevalence
subject: Health survey
subject: Population
subject: Stroke
subject: Trend
subject: 610 Medizin

description: In the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (DEGS1), data on the prevalence of physician-diagnosed stroke were collected from 2008 to 2011 in a representative population-based sample of 5,901 adults aged 40–79 years. The stroke prevalence in DEGS1 was compared with prevalence estimates from the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998 (GNHIES98). The lifetime prevalence of stroke in adults aged 40–79 years is 2.9% (women: 2.5%; men: 3.3%). In both sexes, the prevalence increases continuously with age, up to 6.3% in women and 8.1% in men 70–79 years old. More pronounced in women than in men, the prevalence of stroke decreases with increasing socioeconomic status. Compared to GNHIES98, there is no evidence for a change in stroke prevalence over time. The prevalence of stroke in adults aged 40–79 years in Germany is comparable to prevalence estimates from other national and international studies. Further studies should examine the reasons behind stable prevalence rates, accounting for population ageing and changes in incidence, mortality and case fatality rates.
Prevalence of smoking in the adult population of Germany
Creators: name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Lippe, Elena Von Der
name: Müters, Stephan
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Health survey
subject: Tobacco consumption
subject: Smoking
subject: Social inequality
subject: Health
subject: behaviour
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Although various tobacco control measures have been implemented in Germany in the recent years, smoking is still widespread and constitutes a considerable health risk for the population. According to the data of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1), which was conducted by Robert Koch Institute from 2008–2011, 29.7% of the 18- to 79-year-old population smokes (women =26.9%, men =32.6%). The proportion of women and men who smoke 20 or more cigarettes a day amounts to 6.0 and 10.6% respectively. Smoking is mostly widespread among young adults, as well as among persons with low social status who are also overrepresented among the heavy smokers. Comparison with data from previous health surveys indicates that the proportion of smokers has reduced slightly over the last 10 years.
Additional file 3 of Genotype-phenotype correlations of STXBP1 pathogenic variants and the treatment choices for STXBP1-related disorders in China
Creators: name: Kessi, Miriam
name: Chen, Baiyu
name: Shan, Li-Dan
name: Wang, Ying
name: Yang, Lifen
name: Yin, Fei
name: He, Fang
name: Peng, Jing
name: Wang, Guoli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 3
Verletzungen und Vergiftungen
Creators: name: Casper, Waldtraut
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Morbidität
subject: Unfallhäufigkeit
subject: Unfallort
subject: Unfallursache
subject: Unfallprävention
subject: Morbidity
subject: Accident-frequency
subject: Place of accident
subject: Cause of accident
subject: Accident-prevention
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Aus dem Bundes-Gesundheitssurvey 1998 geht hervor, dass 11,9% der Befragten innerhalb von zwölf Monaten eine Verletzung oder Vergiftung durch Unfall erlitten, die ärztlich versorgt werden musste. Von 0,3% der Befragten wurde tätlicher Angriff, Schlägerei oder Misshandlung als Ursache von Verletzungen angegeben. Selbsttötungsversuche als Verletzungsursache wurden nicht genannt. Nach einer überschlägigen Hochrechnung der Surveyergebnisse haben in Deutschland im Laufe von zwölf Monaten 8,5 Millionen Personen im Alter von 18 bis 79 Jahren eine Verletzung erlitten. Insgesamt ereigneten sich 28% aller Unfälle im Haus und in der häuslichen Umgebung, 24% bei der Arbeit oder auf dem Arbeitsweg, 23% bei Sport/Spiel, 18% auf der Straße bzw. dem Gehweg sowie 7% an sonstigem Unfallort. Männer erleiden Unfallverletzungen häufiger als Frauen bei der Arbeit sowie bei sportlichen Aktivitäten, während Frauen häufiger im Haus und in der häuslichen Umgebung verunfallen. Männer und Frauen in den neuen Bundesländern verzeichnen höhere Anteile bei Arbeitsunfällen und geringere Anteile bei Unfällen durch sportliche Aktivitäten als Männer und Frauen in den alten Bundesländern. Verkehrsunfälle haben in beiden Landesteilen die gleichen Anteile am Unfallgeschehen.
description: From the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998 it emerges that within 12 months 11,9% of the persons interviewed suffered from an injury or poisoning through accident, which had to be treated medically. 0,3% of those interviewed reported a violent assault, brawl or maltreatment as cause of their injuries. Suicide-attempts as cause of injuries were not mentioned. By roughly extrapolating the results of the survey to the population at large around 8,5 million persons in the age of 18–79 years are suffering from an injury in Germany per year. Altogether, 28% of all accidents occurred at home and in domestic surroundings, 25% were occupational accidents, 23% occurred during sports activities, 19% on the streets. Men suffer from accidental injuries more frequently at work as well as during sports activities than women, while women more frequently get injured by accidents at home and in domestic surroundings. Men and women in East Germany report higher proportions of occupational accidents and less accidents through sports activities than men and women in West Germany. Traffic accidents are as frequent in the west as in the east.
The Afterlife in the Age of AI A psychological, ethical, and technological analy
Creators: name: Degni, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ethics
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Abstract

The trend and convergence of Artificial Intelligence technologies with the human conceptions of death and afterlife presents unspotted and underrated challenges and but also opportunities for understanding consciousness, identity, and grief. This research provides a comprehensive interdisciplinary analysis of how AI is reshaping our relationship with mortality, under different domains such as the psychological impacts, technological capabilities, ethical considerations, and cultural perspectives. Through analysis of current digital memorial technologies, psychological frameworks of attachment and grief, and philosophical questions of identity, we establish that AI-enabled afterlife simulations introduce complex dynamics that both extend and disrupt traditional mourning processes: we propose a regulatory framework grounded in principles of informed consent, psychological safeguarding, and cultural sensitivity. It is a first seminal analysis and contribute to the emerging discourse on postmortem digital identity looking forward to establishing parameters for ethically sound development of afterlife technologies.
Non-Markovianity in High-Dimensional Open Quantum Systems using Next-generation Multicore Optical Fibers
Creators: name: Rojas-Rojas, Santiago
name: Martínez, Daniel
name: Sawada, Kei
name: Pereira, Luciano
name: Walborn, Stephen P.
name: Gómez, Esteban S.
name: Bernardes, Nadja K.
name: Lima, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of quantum technology, the interest in communication tasks assisted by quantum systems has increased both in academia and industry. Nonetheless, the transmission of a quantum state in real-world scenarios is bounded by environmental noise, so that the quantum channel is an open quantum system. In this work, we study a high-dimensional open quantum system in a multicore optical fiber by characterizing the environmental interaction as quantum operations corresponding to probabilistic phase-flips. The experimental platform is currently state-of-the-art for quantum information processing with multicore fibers. At a given evolution stage we observe a non-Markovian behaviour of the system, which is demonstrated through a proof-of-principle implementation of the Quantum Vault protocol. A better understanding of phase-noise in multicore fibers will improve several real-world communication protocols, since they are a prime candidate to be adopted in future telecom networks.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Eyjafjallajökull and 9/11: The Impact of Large-Scale Disasters on Worldwide Mobility
Creators: name: Woolley-Meza, Olivia
name: Grady, Daniel
name: Thiemann, Christian
name: Bagrow, James P.
name: Brockmann, Dirk
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Algorithms
subject: Travel/statistics & numerical data
subject: Europe
subject: Africa
subject: Asia
subject: Disasters
subject: Geography
subject: Iceland
subject: Models Theoretical
subject: North America
subject: September 11 Terrorist Attacks
subject: Transportation/statistics & numerical data
subject: Volcanic Eruptions
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Large-scale disasters that interfere with globalized socio-technical infrastructure, such as mobility and transportation networks, trigger high socio-economic costs. Although the origin of such events is often geographically confined, their impact reverberates through entire networks in ways that are poorly understood, difficult to assess, and even more difficult to predict. We investigate how the eruption of volcano Eyjafjallajökull, the September 11th terrorist attacks, and geographical disruptions in general interfere with worldwide mobility. To do this we track changes in effective distance in the worldwide air transportation network from the perspective of individual airports. We find that universal features exist across these events: airport susceptibilities to regional disruptions follow similar, strongly heterogeneous distributions that lack a scale. On the other hand, airports are more uniformly susceptible to attacks that target the most important hubs in the network, exhibiting a well-defined scale. The statistical behavior of susceptibility can be characterized by a single scaling exponent. Using scaling arguments that capture the interplay between individual airport characteristics and the structural properties of routes we can recover the exponent for all types of disruption. We find that the same mechanisms responsible for efficient passenger flow may also keep the system in a vulnerable state. Our approach can be applied to understand the impact of large, correlated disruptions in financial systems, ecosystems and other systems with a complex interaction structure between heterogeneous components.
A Comprehensive Review on BARAVU-Tulu Lipi Identification
Creators: name: Midhun V.
name: Suraksha
name: Abhinav V.
name: Suhail A.N.
name: Anoop B K
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: In this project, we present BARAVU-Tulu, a system dedicated to Tulu lipi identification leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The intersection of image processing and deep learning has spurred significant advancements, particularly in handwritten text recognition. Our endeavor focuses on crafting an advanced machine learning model proficient in analyzing document images featuring Tulu script, with a specific emphasis on the linguistic nuances prevalent in the Northern part of Kerala and the Southern part of Karnataka in India. Initially, we meticulously collect a diverse dataset of printed Tulu script, encompassing various styles, fonts, sizes, and orientations. Employing CNN architectures, such as VGG or ResNet, we train a model capable of accurately identifying printed Tulu script from input images. Subsequently, we extend our efforts to gather a dataset of handwritten Tulu script, catering to the distinctive characteristics of individual handwriting styles. By fine-tuning the CNN model with the handwritten dataset, we augment its capabilities to encompass both printed and handwritten Tulu script identification seamlessly. A user-friendly interface facilitates interaction with the BARAVU-Tulu system, enabling users to input images containing Tulu script and obtain precise identification results. Beyond academic contributions, our system holds practical implications, particularly in facilitating communication for travelers in the targeted regions, overcoming barriers posed by diverse communication mediums and languages. Through meticulous methodology and rigorous evaluation, our project exemplifies the synergy between image processing, deep learning, and linguistics, culminating in an effective solution for Tulu lipi identification.
Evaluation of a Virucidal Quantitative Carrier Test for Surface Disinfectants
Creators: name: Rabenau, Holger F.
name: Steinmann, Jochen
name: Rapp, Ingrid
name: Schwebke, Ingeborg
name: Eggers, Maren
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Species Specificity
subject: Adenoviridae
subject: Alcohols/pharmacology
subject: Disinfectants/pharmacology
subject: Disinfection/standards
subject: Glutaral/pharmacology
subject: Parvovirus
subject: Peracetic Acid/pharmacology
subject: Viruses/drug effects
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Surface disinfectants are part of broader preventive strategies preventing the transmission of bacteria, fungi and viruses in medical institutions. To evaluate their virucidal efficacy, these products must be tested with appropriate model viruses with different physico-chemical properties under conditions representing practical application in hospitals. The aim of this study was to evaluate a quantitative carrier assay. Furthermore, different putative model viruses like adenovirus type 5 (AdV-5) and different animal parvoviruses were evaluated with respect to their tenacity and practicability in laboratory handling. To evaluate the robustness of the method, some of the viruses were tested in parallel in different laboratories in a multi-center study. Different biocides, which are common active ingredients of surface disinfectants, were used in the test. After drying on stainless steel discs as the carrier, model viruses were exposed to different concentrations of three alcohols, peracetic acid (PAA) or glutaraldehyde (GDA), with a fixed exposure time of 5 minutes. Residual virus was determined after treatment by endpoint titration. All parvoviruses exhibited a similar stability with respect to GDA, while AdV-5 was more susceptible. For PAA, the porcine parvovirus was more sensitive than the other parvoviruses, and again, AdV-5 presented a higher susceptibility than the parvoviruses. All parvoviruses were resistant to alcohols, while AdV-5 was only stable when treated with 2-propanol. The analysis of the results of the multi-center study showed a high reproducibility of this test system. In conclusion, two viruses with different physico-chemical properties can be recommended as appropriate model viruses for the evaluation of the virucidal efficacy of surface disinfectants: AdV-5, which has a high clinical impact, and murine parvovirus (MVM) with the highest practicability among the parvoviruses tested.
Quantitative Influenza Follow-Up Testing (QIFT)—A Novel Biomarker for the Monitoring of Disease Activity at the Point-of-Care
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Yousef, Kaveh Pouran
name: Duwe, Susanne
name: Karsch, Katharina
name: Grover, Sandeep
name: Wählisch, Stephanie
name: Obermeier, Patrick
name: Tief, Franziska
name: Mühlhans, Susann
name: Seeber, Lea
name: Kleist, Max Von
name: Schweiger, Brunhilde
name: Rath, Barbara
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Influenza infections induce considerable disease burden in young children. Biomarkers for the monitoring of disease activity at the point-of-care (POC) are currently lacking. Recent methodologies for fluorescence-based rapid testing have been developed to provide improved sensitivities with the initial diagnosis. The present study aims to explore the utility of second-generation rapid testing during longitudinal follow-up of influenza patients (Rapid Influenza Follow-up Testing = RIFT). Signal/control fluorescent readouts (Quantitative Influenza Follow-up Testing = QIFT) are evaluated as a potential biomarker for the monitoring of disease activity at the POC. Methods and Findings: RIFT (SOFIA) and QIFT were performed at the POC and compared to blinded RT-PCR at the National Reference Centre for Influenza. From 10/2011-4/2013, a total of 2048 paediatric cases were studied prospectively; 273 cases were PCR-confirmed for influenza. During follow-up, RIFT results turned negative either prior to PCR (68%), or simultaneously (30%). The first negative RIFT occurred after a median of 8 days with a median virus load (VL) of 5.6×10∧3 copies/ml and cycle threshold of 37, with no evidence of viral rebound. Binning analysis revealed that QIFT differentiated accurately between patients with low, medium and high viral titres. QIFT increase/decrease showed 88% agreement (sensitivity = 52%, specificity = 95%) with VL increase/decrease, respectively. QIFT-based viral clearance estimates showed similar values compared to PCR-based estimates. Variations in viral clearance rates were lower in treated compared to untreated patients. The study was limited by use of non-invasive, semi-quantitative nasopharyngeal samples. VL measurements below the limit of detection could not be quantified reliably. Conclusions: During follow-up, RIFT provides a first surrogate measure for influenza disease activity. A “switch” from positive to negative values may indicate a drop in viral load below a critical threshold, where rebound is no longer expected. QIFT may provide a useful tool for the monitoring of disease burden and viral clearance at the POC.
Distinguishing West Nile virus infection using a recombinant envelope protein with mutations in the conserved fusion-loop
Creators: name: Chabierski, Stefan
name: Barzon, Luisa
name: Papa, Anna
name: Niedrig, Matthias
name: Bramson, Jonathan L.
name: Richner, Justin M.
name: Palù, Giorgio
name: Diamond, Michael S.
name: Ulbert, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Biologische Sicherheit
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Antibodies
subject: Diagnosis
subject: West Nile virus
subject: Envelope protein
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: West Nile Virus (WNV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that continues to spread and cause disease throughout several parts of the world, including Europe and the Americas. Specific diagnosis of WNV infections using current serological testing is complicated by the high degree of cross-reactivity between antibodies against other clinically relevant flaviviruses, including dengue, tick-borne encephalitis (TBEV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), and yellow fever (YFV) viruses. Cross-reactivity is particularly problematic in areas where different flaviviruses co-circulate or in populations that have been immunized with vaccines against TBEV, JEV, or YFV. The majority of cross-reactive antibodies against the immunodominant flavivirus envelope (E) protein target a conserved epitope in the fusion loop at the distal end of domain II. Methods: We tested a loss-of-function bacterially expressed recombinant WNV E protein containing mutations in the fusion loop and an adjacent loop domain as a possible diagnostic reagent. By comparing the binding of sera from humans infected with WNV or other flaviviruses to the wild type and the mutant E proteins, we analyzed the potential of this technology to specifically detect WNV antibodies. Results: Using this system, we could reliably determine WNV infections. Antibodies from WNV-infected individuals bound equally well to the wild type and the mutant protein. In contrast, sera from persons infected with other flaviviruses showed significantly decreased binding to the mutant protein. By calculating the mean differences between antibody signals detected using the wild type and the mutant proteins, a value could be assigned for each of the flaviviruses, which distinguished their pattern of reactivity. Conclusions: Recombinant mutant E proteins can be used to discriminate infections with WNV from those with other flaviviruses. The data have important implications for the development of improved, specific serological assays for the detection of WNV antibodies in regions where other flaviviruses co-circulate or in populations that are immunized with other flavivirus vaccines.
Molekulare Surveillance belegt Fortschritt im Eliminationsprozess der Masern
Creators: name: Santibanez, Sabine
name: Mankertz, Annette
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Masernvirus
subject: Elimination
subject: Molekulare Surveillance
subject: Genotypisierung
subject: Endemische Zirkulation
subject: Genotyping
subject: Measles virus
subject: Molecular surveillance
subject: Endemic circulation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Masern werden durch eine Infektion mit dem Masernvirus ausgelöst. Diese schwere Erkrankung führt häufig zu Komplikationen, die in den Industrieländern 1 bis 3 Todesfälle per 1000 Erkrankte verursachen. Masern könnten global ausgerottet werden, wenn mindestens 95 % der Weltbevölkerung zweimalig mit der MMR-Vakzine geimpft wären. Die Elimination der Masern und der Röteln wird für die WHO-Region Europa für das Jahr 2015 angestrebt. Ein wichtiges Kriterium für das Gelingen der Elimination ist die Analyse der zeitlichen Dauer der Transmissionsketten, die durch importierte Masernviren ausgelöst werden. Um Masernviren einzelnen Ausbrüchen und Übertragungsketten zuordnen zu können, müssen sie genetisch charakterisiert werden. Diese Untersuchungen an Patientenmaterial werden seit dem Start des Interventionsprogrammes für Masern und Röteln im Jahr 1999 kontinuierlich am Nationalen Referenzzentrum Masern, Mumps, Röteln durchgeführt. In diesem Beitrag berichten wir über unsere Erfahrungen und insbesondere über die deutschen Entwicklungen in Bezug auf die Masernelimination.
description: Measles is a severe disease caused by infection with the measles virus. Complications after the onset of infection lead to 1–3 fatalities per 1,000 cases in industrialized countries. If more than 95 % of the global population were vaccinated twice with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, measles could be eliminated worldwide. The elimination of measles and rubella should be reached in the WHO Europe region in 2015. One important criterion for elimination of the measles virus consists in the analysis of the duration of transmission chains initiated by the import of measles virus. To assign measles viruses to outbreaks and transmission chains, genetic characterization is necessary. These investigations have been performed continually at the National Reference Center Measles, Mumps, Rubella since 1999, when the German Intervention Program was launched. This article summarizes our experiences with measles virus genotyping and new developments with respect to measles elimination in Germany.
Additional file 1 of Malaria transmission heterogeneity in different eco-epidemiological areas of western Kenya: a region-wide observational and risk classification study for adaptive intervention planning
Creators: name: Zhou, Guofa
name: Githure, John
name: Lee, Ming-Chieh
name: Zhong, Daibin
name: Wang, Xiaoming
name: Atieli, Harrysone
name: Githeko, Andrew K.
name: Kazura, James
name: Yan, Guiyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Time-lagged correlation between Anopheles density and parasite prevalence and clinical malaria incidence. Table S2. Pairwise correlation between mean Anopheles density, parasite prevalence, clinical malaria incidence, and elevation. Critical value of correlation at significant level of 0.05 is 0.188.
sj-pdf-1-car-10.1177_19476035211021910 – Supplemental material for Evaluation of the Quality and Readability of Online Sources on the Diagnosis and Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Ankle
Creators: name: Alshaikh, Lamees
name: Shimozono, Yoshiharu
name: Dankert, John F.
name: Ubillus, Hugo
name: Kennedy, John G.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-car-10.1177_19476035211021910 for Evaluation of the Quality and Readability of Online Sources on the Diagnosis and Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Ankle by Lamees Alshaikh, Yoshiharu Shimozono, John F. Dankert, Hugo Ubillus and John G. Kennedy in CARTILAGE
Στιγμές από την πολυδιάστατη διπλωματία του Γιόσιπ Μπροζ Τίτο: Η Γιουγκοσλαβία μεταξύ Ελλάδας και Κύπρου
Creators: name: Τσουρέκης Ορφανίδης, Κωνσταντίνος Α.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2025
Subjects: Γιουγκοσλαβία
Γιόσιπ Μπροζ Τίτο
Κίνημα των Αδεσμεύτων
Yugoslavia
Josip Broz Tito
Non-Aligned Movement

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν να παρουσιάσει την ανεξάρτητη διπλωματία και τον ξεχωριστό δρόμο που ακολούθησε η Γιουγκοσλαβία και ο Γιόσιπ Μπροζ Τίτο κατά τη διάρκεια του σκληρού διπολικού συστήματος του Ψυχρού Πολέμου. Η εργασία ξεκινά στο πρώτο μέρος αναλύοντας τη διπλωματία του Τίτο, τη ρήξη με τον Στάλιν, την έννοια του εθνικού κομμουνισμού και το Κίνημα των Αδεσμεύτων και συνεχίζει με τις σχέσεις Ελλάδας – Γιουγκοσλαβίας και Κύπρου – Γιουγκοσλαβίας κυρίως από την περίοδο της Δικτατορίας και έπειτα όσον αφορά την Ελλάδα και από την ίδρυση της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας όσον αφορά την Κύπρο. Η εργασία φιλοδοξεί να τοποθετήσει τις σχέσεις Ελλάδας – Γιουγκοσλαβίας ως μέρος του διεθνούς συστήματος και της διεθνούς διπλωματίας του Τίτο.
description: The purpose of the thesis was to present the independent diplomacy and the independent way followed by Yugoslavia and Josip Broz Tito during the harsh bipolar system of the Cold War. The thesis begins in the first part by analyzing Tito's diplomacy, the break with Stalin, the concept of national communism and the Non-Aligned Movement and continues with the relations between Greece - Yugoslavia and Cyprus - Yugoslavia mainly from the period of the Dictatorship onwards as regards Greece and from the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus as regards Cyprus. The thesis aspires to position the relations between Greece - Yugoslavia as part of the international system and Tito's international diplomacy.
sj-pdf-1-lis-10.1177_09610006211026950 – Supplemental material for Teachers’ perceived information literacy self-efficacy
Creators: name: Shonfeld, Miri
name: Aharony, Noa
name: Nadel-Kritz, Noa
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-lis-10.1177_09610006211026950 for Teachers’ perceived information literacy self-efficacy by Miri Shonfeld, Noa Aharony and Noa Nadel-Kritz in Journal of Librarianship and Information Science
Influenzaimpfquoten in hessischen Krankenhäusern
Creators: name: Wicker, Sabine
name: Gottschalk, René
name: Wolff, U.
name: Krause, Gérard
name: Rabenau, Holger F.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mitarbeiter im Gesundheitswesen
subject: Impfquoten
subject: Influenza
subject: Krankenhäuser
subject: Vaccination rate
subject: Health care personnel
subject: Hospitals
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Influenzainfektionen können sich in Krankenhäusern schnell ausbreiten, nosokomiale Influenzaübertragungen sind wiederholt beschrieben worden. Die Influenzaimpfung des medizinischen Personals ist eine wichtige Maßnahme, um sowohl Mitarbeiter als auch Patienten zu schützen. Im Sommer 2011 fand eine anonyme Befragung in hessischen Krankenhäusern über die Influenzaimpfquoten sowie die Art und Durchführung der klinikinternen Impfprogramme statt. Insgesamt 95,8% (68/71) der befragten Krankenhäuser bieten kostenlose Influenzaimpfungen für das medizinische Personal an. Die Influenzaimpfquoten werden jedoch nur von 70,4% (50/71) der Krankenhäuser erfasst. Über 80% (Saison 2009/2010: 41/50; Saison 2010/2011: 44/50) der befragten Krankenhäuser gaben Influenzaimpfquoten der medizinischen Beschäftigten von weniger als 20% an. Die von uns erhobenen Daten zeigen, dass die Influenzaimpfquoten in Krankenhäusern vermutlich noch geringer sind als bisher angenommen und dass hier die üblicherweise in Deutschland kommunizierten Impfquoten von 20–25% nicht erreicht werden. Dreißig Jahre, nachdem die Ständige Impfkommission (STIKO) die Influenzaimpfung für medizinische Beschäftigte empfiehlt, liegen die Impfquoten bei ihnen weiterhin unter 30%. Maßnahmen zur Steigerung der Influenzaimpfquoten sind somit erforderlich. Eine Erfassung der Impfquoten ist Voraussetzung, um die Akzeptanz eines Impfkonzeptes zu bewerten.
description: Influenza infections have been shown to spread in hospitals rapidly; nosocomial transmissions occur frequently. Influenza vaccination of health care personnel (HCP) is an effective strategy for preventing influenza infections among personnel and patients. In summer 2011 we conducted an anonymous questionnaire among Hessian hospitals assessing influenza vaccination rates, kind and concept of vaccination programmes. Overall, 95.8% (68/71) of hospitals surveyed offered influenza vaccinations for HCP free of charge. Influenza vaccination rates have been recorded only by 70.4% (50/71). Over 80% (season 2009/2010: 41/50– season 2010/2011: 44/50) of hospitals questioned, mentioned influenza vaccination rates under 20%. Our findings confirm that the influenza vaccination rates might be less than the generally assumed and communicated influenza vaccination rates of 20–25%. Thirty years since the German Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) recommended that all HCP get vaccinated against influenza, vaccination rates still remain below 30%. Measures to improve influenza vaccination rates among HCP are required. Monitoring of vaccination rates is a precondition to assess the acceptance of a vaccination programme.
A comparison of hepatitis B seroepidemiology in ten European countries
Creators: name: Nardone, A.
name: Anastassopoulou, C. G.
name: Theeten, H.
name: Kriz, B.
name: Davidkin, I.
name: Thierfelder, Wulf
name: O'Flanagan, W.
name: Bruzzone, B.
name: Mossong, J.
name: Boot, H. J.
name: Butur, D.
name: Slaciková, M.
name: Panait, M. L. C.
name: Hellenbrand, Wiebke
name: Melker, H. De
name: Sobotová, Z.
name: Icardi, G.
name: Andrews, Nick
name: Pebody, Richard
name: Damme, P. Van
name: Kafatos, G.
name: Miller, E.
name: Hatzakis, Angelos
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Europe
subject: hepatitis B
subject: vaccination
subject: serology
subject: 610 Medizin

description: To inform current and future vaccination strategies, we describe the seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in ten representative European countries using standardized serology that allowed international comparisons. Between 1996 and 2003, national serum banks were compiled by collecting residual sera or by community sampling; sera were then tested by each country using its preferred enzyme immunoassays and testing algorithm, and assay results were standardized. Information on current and past HBV vaccination programmes in each country was also collected. Of the ten countries, six reported low levels (
Performance of three chromogenic VRE screening agars, two Etest® vancomycin protocols, and different microdilution methods in detecting vanB genotype Enterococcus faecium with varying vancomycin MICs
Creators: name: Klare, Ingo
name: Fleige, Carola
name: Geringer, Uta
name: Witte, Wolfgang
name: Werner, Guido
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Genotype
subject: Europe
subject: Mass Screening/methods
subject: Bacterial Proteins/genetics
subject: Agar
subject: Chromogenic Compounds/metabolism
subject: Culture Media/chemistry
subject: Enterococcus faecium/drug effects
subject: Enterococcus faecium/genetics
subject: Enterococcus faecium/growth & development
subject: Enterococcus faecium/isolation & purification
subject: Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis
subject: Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods
subject: Sensitivity and Specificity
subject: Vancomycin Resistance
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Frequencies of vanB-type Enterococcus faecium increased in Europe during the last years. VanB enterococci show various levels of vancomycin MICs even below the susceptible breakpoint challenging a reliable diagnostics. The performance of 3 chromogenic vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) screening agars, 2 Etest® vancomycin protocols, and different microdilution methods to detect 129 clinical vanB E. faecium strains was investigated. Altogether, 112 (87%) were correctly identified as VanB-type Enterococcus by microdilution MICs. An Etest® macromethod protocol was more sensitive than the standard protocol while keeping sufficient specificity in identifying 15 vanA/vanB-negative strains. Three chromogenic VRE agars performed similarly with 121 (94%), 123 (95%), and 124 (96%) vanB isolates that grew on Brilliance™ VRE Agar, CHROMagar™ VRE, and chromID™ VRE agar, respectively. Using identical media and conditions, we did not identify different growth behaviour on agar and in broth. A few vanB strains showed growth of microcolonies inside the Etest® vancomycin inhibition zones, suggesting a VanB heteroresistance phenotype.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV): An die Reiseanamnese denken
Creators: name: Buchholz, Udo
name: Buda, Silke
name: Haas, Walter
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Infektionsabwehr
subject: Coronavirus
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Das Robert-Koch-Institut gibt Hinweise zur Identifizierung von Patienten mit Verdacht auf MERS-CoV-Infektion und zu den erforderlichen Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen für medizinisches Personal. Besondere Beachtung gilt Touristen aus dem Nahen Osten.
Nachweis von Poliowildviren in Israel: Anlass für Wachsamkeit
Creators: name: Diedrich, Sabine
name: Burger, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Infektionsrisiko
subject: Infektionsabwehr
subject: Poliomyelitis
subject: Schutzimpfung
subject: Israel
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Molekulare und epidemiologische Analysen belegen, dass das Poliowildvirus einem südostasiatischen Genotyp entspricht, welcher derzeit in Pakistan zirkuliert.
Patch-wise Auto-Encoder for Visual Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Cui, Yajie
name: Liu, Zhaoxiang
name: Lian, Shiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anomaly detection without priors of the anomalies is challenging. In the field of unsupervised anomaly detection, traditional auto-encoder (AE) tends to fail based on the assumption that by training only on normal images, the model will not be able to reconstruct abnormal images correctly. On the contrary, we propose a novel patch-wise auto-encoder (Patch AE) framework, which aims at enhancing the reconstruction ability of AE to anomalies instead of weakening it. Each patch of image is reconstructed by corresponding spatially distributed feature vector of the learned feature representation, i.e., patch-wise reconstruction, which ensures anomaly-sensitivity of AE. Our method is simple and efficient. It advances the state-of-the-art performances on Mvtec AD benchmark, which proves the effectiveness of our model. It shows great potential in practical industrial application scenarios.
A statistical framework for recovering intensity mapping autocorrelations from crosscorrelations
Creators: name: McBride, Lisa
name: Liu, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intensity mapping experiments will soon have surveyed large swathes of the sky, providing information about the underlying matter distribution of the early universe. The resulting maps can be used to recover statistical information, such as the power spectrum, about the measured spectral lines (for example, HI, [CII], and [OIII]). However precise power spectrum measurements, such as the 21 cm autocorrelation, continue to be challenged by the presence of bright foregrounds and non-trivial systematics. By crosscorrelating different data sets, it may be possible to mitigate the effects of both foreground uncertainty and uncorrelated instrumental systematics. Beyond their own merit, crosscorrelations could also be used to recover autocorrelation information. Such a technique was proposed in Beane et al. (2019) for recovering the 21 cm power spectrum. Generalizing their result, we develop a statistical framework for combining multiple crosscorrelation signals in order to infer information about the corresponding autocorrelations. We do this first within the Least Squares Estimator (LSE) framework, and show how one can derive their estimator, along with several alternative estimators. We also investigate the posterior distribution of recovered autocorrelation and associated model parameters. We find that for certain noise regimes and cosmological signal modeling assumptions this procedure is effective at recovering autospectra from a set of crosscorrelations. Finally, we showcase our framework in the context of several near-future line intensity mapping experiments.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, to be submitted to MNRAS
Quantum Software Engineering Challenges from Developers' Perspective: Mapping Research Challenges to the Proposed Workflow Model
Creators: name: Haghparast, Majid
name: Mikkonen, Tommi
name: Nurminen, Jukka K.
name: Stirbu, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the increasing interest in quantum computing, the aspect of development to achieve cost-effective and reliable quantum software applications has been slow. One barrier is the software engineering of quantum programs, which can be approached from two directions. On the one hand, many software engineering practices, debugging in particular, are bound to classical computing. On the other hand, quantum programming is closely associated with the phenomena of quantum physics, and consequently, the way we express programs resembles the early days of programming. Moreover, much of the software engineering research today focuses on agile development, where computing cycles are cheap and new software can be rapidly deployed and tested, whereas in the quantum context, executions may consume lots of energy, and test runs may require lots of work to interpret. In this paper, we aim at bridging this gap by starting with the quantum computing workflow and by mapping existing software engineering research to this workflow. Based on the mapping, we then identify directions for software engineering research for quantum computing.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Cell-specific vulnerability to metabolic failure: the crucial role of parvalbumin expressing neurons in creatine transporter deficiency
Creators: name: Ghirardini, Elsa
name: Sagona, Giulia
name: Marquez-Galera, Angel
name: Calugi, Francesco
name: Navarron, Carmen M.
name: Cacciante, Francesco
name: Chen, Siwei
name: Di Vetta, Federica
name: Dadà, Lorenzo
name: Mazziotti, Raffaele
name: Lupori, Leonardo
name: Putignano, Elena
name: Baldi, Pierre
name: Lopez-Atalaya, Jose P.
name: Pizzorusso, Tommaso
name: Baroncelli, Laura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1:  Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary figures S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8.
Additional file 1 of The effectiveness of therapeutic craft-making activities in treating lower-third forearm fracture: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Teoh, Rui Fen
name: Chai, Siaw Chui
name: Razaob Razab, Nor Afifi
name: Amin, Mohd Iskandar Mohd
name: Howell, Julianne W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Arzneimittelkonsum von Frauen — Ergebnisse der Nationalen Surveys
Creators: name: Knopf, Hildtraud
name: Melchert, Hans-Ulrich
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Die Daten der nationalen Untersuchungs-Surveys (1984–1991) belegen in allen analysierten Alters- und Arzneimittelklassen (AT-Code) verglichen mit den Männern ein mehr oder weniger deutliches Überwiegen des Arzneimittelverbrauchs bei den Frauen. Neben der Anwendungshäufigkeit von Psychopharmaka sind diese Unterschiede besonders groß bei Präparategruppen, die nicht der Rezeptpflicht unterliegen wie z.B. Laxanzien, Vitamine und Schmerzmittel. Bereits vorliegende Publikationen zur Bestimmung ausgewählter Arzneimittelwirkspiegel im Serum der Studienteilnehmer und klinisch-chemischer/hämatologischer Meßwerte geben Auskunft über mögliche Korrelationen zwischen Arzneimittelexposition und physiologischen Parametern. Im Hinblick auf mögliche mutagene und teratogene Wirkungen ist die Arzneimitteleinnahme in der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit von besonderem Interesse.
description: The data of the German National Health-Examination-Surveys (1984–1991) show in all analyzed age- and drug-groups (AT-Code) a more or less clear preponderance of drug usage for females. Besides the frequency of usage for psychotropic drugs the differences in comparison to males are especially pronounced in drug groups which are marketed as OTC-drugs in Germany e.g. laxatives, vitamines and analgesics. Already published studies concerning the determination of selected pharmacologically active substances in serum samples of study participants and clinical chemistry/hematological data show possible correlations between drug exposure and vital physiological parameters. With regard to potential mutagenic or teratogenic effects drug usage is of special concern during pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Additional file 2 of The effectiveness of therapeutic craft-making activities in treating lower-third forearm fracture: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Teoh, Rui Fen
name: Chai, Siaw Chui
name: Razaob Razab, Nor Afifi
name: Amin, Mohd Iskandar Mohd
name: Howell, Julianne W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Tuberculosis control in big cities and urban risk groups in the European Union: a consensus statement
Creators: name: Hest, N. A. Van
name: Aldridge, R. W.
name: Vries, G. De
name: Sandgren, A.
name: Hauer, Barbara
name: Hayward, A.
name: Oñate, W. Arrazola De
name: Haas, Walter
name: Codecasa, L. R.
name: Caylà, J. A.
name: Story, A.
name: Antoine, D.
name: Gori, A.
name: Quabeck, Levke
name: Jonsson, J.
name: Wanlin, M.
name: Orcau, À.
name: Rodes, A.
name: Dedicoat, M.
name: Antoun, F.
name: Deutekom, H. Van
name: Keizer, S. T.
name: Abubakar, I.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Tuberculosis/epidemiology
subject: Europe/epidemiology
subject: Incidence
subject: European Union
subject: Cities
subject: Consensus
subject: Tuberculosis/prevention & control
subject: Urban Population
subject: 610 Medizin

description: In low-incidence countries in the European Union (EU), tuberculosis (TB) is concentrated in big cities, especially among certain urban high-risk groups including immigrants from TB high-incidence countries, homeless people, and those with a history of drug and alcohol misuse. Elimination of TB in European big cities requires control measures focused on multiple layers of the urban population. The particular complexities of major EU metropolises, for example high population density and social structure, create specific opportunities for transmission, but also enable targeted TB control interventions, not efficient in the general population, to be effective or cost effective. Lessons can be learnt from across the EU and this consensus statement on TB control in big cities and urban risk groups was prepared by a working group representing various EU big cities, brought together on the initiative of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. The consensus statement describes general and specific social, educational, operational, organisational, legal and monitoring TB control interventions in EU big cities, as well as providing recommendations for big city TB control, based upon a conceptual TB transmission and control model.
title: Drittes Working Paper zum Forschungsprojekt LokU 2.0 : Qualitative Interviews mit Koordinator:innen freiwilligen Engagements
Creators: name: Scholze, Bernhard
name: Grüner, Theresa
Publisher: name: Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften München
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 36 Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste

description: Die Corona-Pandemie ging mit tiefen Einschnitten für lokale Unterstützungsketten, die jungen, neu Zugewanderten bei der Integration in Ausbildung und Arbeit helfen, einher. Das Forschungsprojekt LokU 2.0 möchte eine systematische Analyse dieser Veränderungen vornehmen, einen Fokus auf die Erfassung innovativer, kooperativer Ansätze legen und Empfehlungen erarbeiten, wie lokale Unterstützungsketten wieder aufgebaut und unterstützt werden können. Untersucht werden soll auch, wie Organisationen freiwilligen Engagements mit den pandemiebedingten Herausforderungen umgegangen sind, welche damit eingegangenen Neuerungen die Freiwilligenarbeit prägen und wie freiwillig Engagierte, die ihre Tätigkeit aufgrund der Kontaktbeschränkungen eingestellt haben, reaktiviert werden können. Das dritte Working Paper stellt das Vorgehen sowie ausgewählte Ergebnisse der qualitativen Interviews mit Koordinator:innen freiwilligen Engagements in der Münchner Zivilgesellschaft vor.