cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic clustering of hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs in Vancouver, Canada
Creators: name: Jacka, Brendan
name: Applegate, Tanya
name: Krajden, Mel
name: Olmstead, Andrea
name: Marshall, Brandon David Lewis
name: DeBeck, Kora
name: Milloy, M-J
name: Lamoury, Francois
name: Pybus, Oliver G.
name: Lima, Viviane D.
name: Magiorkinis, Gkikas
name: Montoya, Vincent Keith
name: Montaner, Julio
name: Joy, Jeffrey
name: Woods, Conan
name: Dobrer, Sabina
name: Dore, Gregory J.
name: Poon, Arthur F.
name: Grebely, Jason
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2017

description: Little is known about factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). Phylogenetic clustering and associated factors were evaluated among PWID in Vancouver, Canada. Data were derived from the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study. Participants who were HCV antibody-positive at enrolment and those with HCV antibody seroconversion during follow-up (1996 to 2012) were tested for HCV RNA and sequenced (Core-E2 region). Phylogenetic trees were inferred using maximum likelihood analysis and clusters were identified using ClusterPicker (90% bootstrap threshold, 0.05 genetic distance threshold). Factors associated with clustering were assessed using logistic regression. Among 655 eligible participants, HCV genotype prevalence was: G1a: 48% (n=313), G1b: 6% (n=41), G2a: 3% (n=20), G2b: 7% (n=46), G3a: 33% (n=213), G4a: <1% (n=4), G6a: 1% (n=8), G6e: <1% (n=1), and unclassifiable: 1% (n=9). The mean age was 36 years, 162 (25%) were female, and 164 (25%) were HIV+. Among 501 participants with HCV G1a and G3a, 31% (n=156) were in a pair/cluster. Factors independently associated with phylogenetic clustering included: age <40 (versus age≥40, adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 2.63), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (AOR=1.82; 95% CI 1.18, 2.81), HCV seroconversion (AOR=3.05; 95% CI 1.40, 6.66), and recent syringe borrowing (AOR 1.59; 95% CI 1.07, 2.36). Conclusion: In this sample of PWID, one-third demonstrated phylogenetic clustering. Factors independently associated with phylogenetic clustering included younger age, recent HCV seroconversion, prevalent HIV infection, and recent syringe borrowing. Strategies to enhance the delivery of prevention and/or treatment strategies to those with HIV and recent HCV seroconversion should be explored, given an increased likelihood of HCV transmission in these sub-populations.
Enhanced Optimal Quantum Communication by Generalized Phase Shift Keying Coherent Signal
Creators: name: Namkung, Min
name: Kim, Jeong San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the maximal success probability of the binary quantum communication can be improved by using a sub-Poissonian non-standard coherent state as an information carrier. In the present article, we consider the quantum communication with $N$-ary phase shift keying ($N$-PSK) signal for an arbitrary positive integer $N>1$. By using non-standard coherent state, we analytically provide the maximal success probability of the quantum communication with $N$-PSK. Unlike the binary case, we show that even super-Poissonianity of non-standard coherent state can improve the maximal success probability of $N$-PSK quantum communication.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Superconductivity near lattice instability: the case of NbC$_{1-x}$N$_x$ and NbN
Creators: name: Blackburn, Simon
name: Côté, Michel
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Cohen, Marvin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory within the local density approximation we report a study of the electron-phonon coupling in NbC$_{1-x}$N$_x$ and NbN crystals in the rocksalt structure. The Fermi surface of these systems exhibits important nesting. The associated Kohn anomaly greatly increases the electron-phonon coupling and induces a structural instability when the electronic density of states reaches a critical value. Our results reproduce the observed rise in $T_{c}$ from 11.2 K to 17.3 K as the nitrogen doping is increased in NbC$_{1-x}$N$_x$. To further understand the contribution of the structural instability to the rise of the superconducting temperature, we develop a model for the Eliashberg spectral function in which the effect of the unstable phonons is set apart. We show that this model together with the McMillan formula can reproduce the increase of $T_{c}$ near the structural phase transition.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, submission PRB
Carnet nº 1 : description des travaux accomplis sur le tour de France (p. 8)
Creators: name: Péraire, Lucien
name: CNRS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: created: 1-8-1925
Constraining the distribution of the perdurative in Russian
Creators: name: Naumov, Ilya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: aspect
(a)telicity
subeventual structure
verbal prefixes
perdurative
Russian

description: In this paper, I explore the constraints on the distribution of the perdurative prefix
 pro- in Russian. Applying several diagnostics proposed by Tatevosov (2009; 2013), I
 show that the perdurative pro- is a “selectionally restricted” prefix associated with
 an additional restriction: it can combine with a predicate built on a secondary imperfective stem only under a pluractional interpretation. I argue that this restriction is an instantiation of a more general semantic requirement imposed by the
 perdurative: it can be formed from a predicate if there are no subevents making
 up the activity component of this predicate that are in Landman’s (1992) “stage-of
 relation”.
Adaptively Sketched Bregman Projection Methods for Linear Systems
Creators: name: Yuan, Ziyang
name: Zhang, Lu
name: Wang, Hongxia
name: Zhang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The sketch-and-project, as a general archetypal algorithm for solving linear systems, unifies a variety of randomized iterative methods such as the randomized Kaczmarz and randomized coordinate descent. However, since it aims to find a least-norm solution from a linear system, the randomized sparse Kaczmarz can not be included. This motivates us to propose a more general framework, called sketched Bregman projection (SBP) method, in which we are able to find solutions with certain structures from linear systems. To generalize the concept of adaptive sampling to the SBP method, we show how the progress, measured by Bregman distance, of single step depends directly on a sketched loss function. Theoretically, we provide detailed global convergence results for the SBP method with different adaptive sampling rules. At last, for the (sparse) Kaczmarz methods, a group of numerical simulations are tested, with which we verify that the methods utilizing sampling Kaczmarz-Motzkin rule demands the fewest computational costs to achieve a given error bound comparing to the corresponding methods with other sampling rules.
Peierls Instability in Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Dumont, Guillaume
name: Boulanger, Paul
name: Côté, Michel
name: Ernzerhof, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles study of Peierls distortions in \emph{trans}-polyacetylene, polyacene, and armchair $(n,n)$ carbon nanotubes. Our findings suggest that the ground-state geometries of armchair $(n,n)$ carbon nanotubes, with $n$ up to 6, exhibit a Peierls distortion as it is found for \emph{trans}-polyactetylene. In contrast to previous studies in which no Peierls distortion is found with conventional local and semi-local density functionals, we use a hybrid functional whose exact-exchange admixture has been specifically optimized for the problem at hand.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
${\cal N}{=}4$ supersymmetric Schwarzian with $D(1,2;α)$ symmetry
Creators: name: Kozyrev, Nikolay
name: Krivonos, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently demonstrated that super-Schwarzian derivatives can be constructed from the Cartan forms of the super-conformal supergroups $OSp(1|2),SU(1,1|1), OSp(3|2), SU(1,1|2)$. Roughly speaking, the super-Schwarzian is just the component of the corresponding Cartan forms with the lowest dimension. In this paper, we apply the same approach for superalgebra $D(1,2;α)$. The minimal set of constraints we used includes: a) introducing new superspace coordinates the Cartan forms depend on, which are completely invariant with respect to the corresponding group; b) nullifying the form for dilatation. In contrast to the $SU(1,1|2)$ case, the new super-Schwarzian appears to be a $dθ^{ia}$ component of the form for $su(2)$ automorphism.
description: 13 pages, 0 figures; v2: section about the action added; minor corrections; v3: minor corrections, version accepted by Phys.Rev.D
Dwyer-Kan homotopy theory of enriched categories
Creators: name: Muro, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35, 18D20, 18C35

description: We construct a model structure on the category of small categories enriched over a combinatorial closed symmetric monoidal model category satisfying the monoid axiom. Weak equivalences are Dwyer-Kan equivalences, i.e. enriched functors which induce weak equivalences on morphism objects and equivalences of ordinary categories when we take sets of connected components on morphism objects.
description: 39 pages, corrected version
Effective parameterization of absorption by gaseous species and unknown UV absorber in 125-400 nm region of Venus atmosphere
Creators: name: Fomin, Boris
name: Razumovskiy, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an effective parameterization of molecular absorption of shortwave solar radiation in Venus atmosphere. It is addressed to general circulation modeling to accelerate radiative transfer calculations in the spectral interval 125 -- 400 nm (25000 -- 80000 cm$^{-1}$ ). In F-UV and M-UV regions strong absorption of CO$_2$ ans SO$_2$ enables to parameterize gaseous absorption with only three effective cross-sections. In N-UV region absorption of SO$_2$ and the unknown UV absorber are parameterized with six effective cross-sections for each species. For treatment of Rayleigh scattering and optical properties of Venus clouds eight effective spectral points are recommended. Parameterizations were validated by the original reference line-by-line Monte-Carlo radiative transfer model. The outcome of the validation shows the discrepancy in fluxes less than 3%. Thus, it takes only eight-fold solution of radiative transfer equations to correctly describe solar fluxes and heating rates in the whole ultraviolet region.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures; final version that was accepted in JQSRT. Also added some corrections to references
Some special families of hyperelliptic curves
Creators: name: Shaska, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ł_g^G$ denote the locus of hyperelliptic curves of genus $g$ whose automorphism group contains a subgroup isomorphic to $G$. We study spaces $Ł_g^G$ for $G \iso \Z_n, \Z_2ø\Z_n, \Z_2øA_4$, or $SL_2(3)$. We show that for $G \iso \Z_n, \Z_2ø\Z_n$, the space $Ł_g^G$ is a rational variety and find generators of its function field. For $G\iso \Z_2øA_4, SL_2(3)$ we find a necessary condition in terms of the coefficients, whether or not the curve belongs to $Ł_g^G$. Further, we describe algebraically the loci of such curves for $g\leq 12$ and show that for all curves in these loci the field of moduli is a field of definition.
Bromophenyl functionalization of carbon nanotubes : an ab initio study
Creators: name: Beaudin, Jason
name: Janssen, Jonathan Laflamme
name: Hine, Nicholas D. M.
name: Haynes, Peter D.
name: Côté, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of bromophenyl functionalization of carbon nanotubes with respect to diameter and metallic/insulating character using density-functional theory (DFT). On one hand, we show that the activation energy for the grafting of a bromophenyl molecule onto a semiconducting zigzag nanotube ranges from 0.73 eV to 0.76 eV without any clear trend with respect to diameter within numerical accuracy. On the other hand, the binding energy of a single bromophenyl molecule shows a clear diameter dependence and ranges from 1.51 eV for a (8,0) zigzag nanotube to 0.83 eV for a (20,0) zigzag nanotube. This is in part explained by the transition from sp2 to sp3 bonding occurring to a carbon atom of a nanotube when a phenyl is grafted to it and the fact that smaller nanotubes are closer to a sp3 hybridization than larger ones due to increased curvature. Since a second bromophenyl unit can attach without energy barrier next to an isolated grafted unit, they are assumed to exist in pairs. The para configuration is found to be favored for the pairs and their binding energy decreases with increasing diameter, ranging from 4.34 eV for a (7,0) nanotube to 2.27 eV for a (29,0) nanotube. An analytic form for this radius dependence is derived using a tight binding hamiltonian and first order perturbation theory. The 1/R^2 dependance obtained (where R is the nanotube radius) is verified by our DFT results within numerical accuracy. Finally, metallic nanotubes are found to be more reactive than semiconducting nanotubes, a feature that can be explained by a non-zero density of states at the Fermi level for metallic nanotubes.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables
title: Transcending the Individual Sphere: the work of Jerzy Grotowski
Creators: name: Lee, Fu-Ping
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2007

description: Jerzy Grotowski's lifelong work can be divided into three stages. The first (1957-63) can be summarized as the theatre of collective introspection, which was to bring together people in Polish society by means of adapting ritual spectacle, Durkheim's view of the renewal of social solidarity and Jung's notion of collective unconscious. The second stage (1964-77) starts with the shift of Grotowski's focus from shaping collectivity in performance to achieving individual initiation - the liberation from social conditioning - during the theatre process, especially during actor training. In 1970 Grotowski stopped producing performances and innovated a series of events subsequently known as paratheatrical activities through which he hoped to achieve the liberation of participants more effectively without the burden of making productions. During the third stage of his work (1978-99), Grotowski separated the essential elements of certain traditional practices such as ritual songs and dances so as to establish gatherings in which a sense of collectivity could be experienced among the participants from different social and cultural backgrounds. He ultimately concentrated on work around selected traditional songs preserving the corporeal impulses of the singer m their vibratory quality. The work around these songs, which made the precise sequence of songs, into a piece with a complete structure that could be taken as the potential central component of the proposed gathering Grotowski had been after. Grotowski's work throughout can be summarized as the restless effort to revive ritual in modern society. He pursued the performance shaping Polish social solidarity, the process towards individual initiation as defined above, and the gathering of people together regardless of their social and cultural differences. Yet, what was achieved in his work is the transcendence of the self beyond its ontological, physical, psychological, social and cultural limitations.
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Induced Spin-Transfer Torques in Kagome Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Davi R.
name: Salimath, Akshaykumar
name: Everschor-Sitte, Karin
name: Hals, Kjetil M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years antiferromagnets (AFMs) have become very promising for nanoscale spintronic applications due to their unique properties such as THz dynamics and absence of stray fields. Manipulating antiferromagnetic textures is currently, however, limited to very few exceptional material symmetry classes allowing for staggered torques on the magnetic sublattices. In this work, we predict for kagome AFMs with broken mirror symmetry a new coupling mechanism between antiferromagnetic domain walls (DWs) and spin currents, produced by the relativistic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). We microscopically derive the DMI's free energy contribution for the kagome AFMs. Unlike ferromagnets and collinear AFMs, the DMI does not lead to terms linear in the spatial derivatives but instead renormalizes the spin-wave stiffness and anisotropy energies. Importantly, we show that the DMI induces a highly nontrivial twisted DW profile that is controllable via two linearly independent components of the spin accumulation. This texture manipulation mechanism goes beyond the concept of staggered torques and implies a higher degree of tunability for the current-driven DW motion compared to conventional ferromagnets and collinear AFMs.
title: 02_0946
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Complementizer doubling in Slovenian subordinate clauses
Creators: name: Plesničar, Vesna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subordinate complementizer
complementizer phrase
subordinate clause
complementizer doubling
split CP hypothesis

description: The focus of the present paper is on complementizer doubling constructions in
 subordinate clauses in Slovenian. The main goal is to show that complementizer
 doubling in Slovenian is a syntactic phenomenon comparable to complementizer
 doubling in other, mainly dialectal variants of Romance languages (e.g. Paoli 2003;
 Ledgeway 2005; Dagnac 2012; Villa-Garcia 2012; González i Planas 2014; Munaro
 2016). The Slovenian complementizer doubling data strongly suggests that the syn-
 tactic analysis of such constructions is possible only under the assumption that
 the complementizer field is split into several functional projections, as was first
 proposed by Rizzi (1997). Since it seems that the doubling complementizer in Slovenian is always the closing element of the complementizer system, it is reasonable
 to assume that at least in Slovenian, this element occupies the head of finiteness
 projection, while the first complementizer in complementizer doubling constructions, which functions as the complement clause introducer, sits in the head of the
 highest projection of the split CP field, i.e. the force projection. The suitability of
 force projection as the host of the first complementizer in Slovenian complemen-
 tizer doubling constructions is justified by the fact that topicalized and focalized
 phrases necessarily follow it, which is the exact same pattern that was observed
 also for complementizer doubling constructions in Romance languages (e.g. Ledgeway 2005; Dagnac 2012; Munaro 2016, among others).
Broader Universality of Rogue Waves of Infinite Order
Creators: name: Bilman, Deniz
name: Miller, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 37K40, 35Q51, 35Q15, 37K15, 37K10, 37K55

description: We show that the same special solution of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation that has been shown to arise in a certain near-field/large-order limit from soliton and Peregrine-like rogue wave solutions actually arises universally from an arbitrary background solution when subjected to a sequence of iterated Bäcklund transformations.
description: 21 pages
Laurent polynomials in Mirror Symmetry: why and how?
Creators: name: Kasprzyk, Alexander
name: Przyjalkowski, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We survey the approach to mirror symmetry via Laurent polynomials, outlining some of the main conjectures, problems, and questions related to the subject. We discuss: how to construct Landau--Ginzburg models for Fano varieties; how to apply them to classification problems; and how to compute invariants of Fano varieties via Landau--Ginzburg models.
description: 19 pages
Negation, comparative and alternatives: Experimental evidence from Czech
Creators: name: Šafratová, Iveta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: constituent negation; verbal negation; scalar implicatures; focus alternatives; comparative; Czech; experimental semantics

description: The semantic interplay of negation with focus and scalar implicatures influences
 acceptability judgments. This paper describes two readings of sentences with com-
 paratives and negation, namely the equality reading and the interval reading. The
 experiment provides evidence that sentences with negated comparatives prefer the
 equality reading in Czech. I argue that Czech negated comparatives result in the
 preferential equality reading as do English negated comparatives; but I challenge
 the claim that Czech negation ne ‘no’ activates focus alternatives, unlike in English
 negated comparatives with no where scalar alternatives cause the equality reading.
 I argue that focus alternatives and scalar alternatives are the same. Both Czech ne-
 ‘not’ and English not in verbal negation comparatives lead to the preferential equality reading if negation has narrow scope over the maximality operator.
Helmholtz Solutions for the Fractional Laplacian and Other Related Operators
Creators: name: Guan, Vincent
name: Murugan, Mathav
name: Wei, Juncheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A75, 26A33, 47G20 (Primary) 60J60, 35J70 (Secondary)

description: We show that the bounded solutions to the fractional Helmholtz equation, $(-Δ)^s u= u$ for $0
description: Errors in the statements of Lemmas 2.2, 5,2 have been corrected, some corrected typos
Dispersion law for a one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas with zero boundary conditions
Creators: name: Tomchenko, Maksim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the time-dependent Gross equation, we find the quasiparticle dispersion law for a one-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas with a non-point interatomic potential and zero boundary conditions (BCs). The result coincides with the dispersion law for periodic BCs, i.e. the Bogolyubov law $E_{B}(k) = \sqrt{\left (\frac{\hbar^{2} k^2}{2m}\right )^{2} + n_{0}ν(k)\frac{\hbar^2 k^2}{m}}$. In the case of periodic BCs, the dispersion law can be easily derived from Gross' equation. However, for zero BCs, the analysis is not so simple.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, v4: second solution removed as being unphysical, title modified, paper revised; v5: minor changes
Thetanulls of cyclic curves of small genus
Creators: name: Previato, E.
name: Shaska, T.
name: Wijesiri, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Hxx

description: We study relations among the classical thetanulls of cyclic curves, namely curves $\mathcal X$ (of genus $g(\mathcal X)>1$) with an automorphism $σ$ such that $σ$ generates a normal subgroup of the group $G$ of automorphisms, and $g (\mathcal X/ < σ>) =0$. Relations between thetanulls and branch points of the projection are the object of much classical work, especially for hyperelliptic curves, and of recent work, in the cyclic case. We determine the curves of genus 2 and 3 in the locus $\mathcal M_g (G, \textbf{C})$ for all $G$ that have a normal subgroup $<\s>$ as above, and all possible signatures \textbf{C}, via relations among their thetanulls.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1210.1684
Analysis on the composite nature of the light scalar mesons $f_{0}(980)$ and $a_0(980)$
Creators: name: Wang, Ze-Qiang
name: Kang, Xian-Wei
name: Oller, J. A.
name: Zhang, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the weight or compositeness of the $ππ$-$K\bar{K}$ and $πη$-$K\bar{K}$ in the composition of the $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$ resonances, respectively. Either we use the saturation of the total width and compositeness, or we use a Flatté parameterization taking also into account the spectral function of a near-threshold resonance. We make connections and compare between these two methods. We take input values for the pole mass and width from several determinations in the literature. In addition, we take as third input either the total compositeness or the decay-width branching ratio to the lighter channel for each resonance. It turns out that for the poles considered the meson-meson components are dominant for the $f_0(980)$, while for the $a_0(980)$ resonance they are subdominant. We also provide partial decay widths and partial compositeness coefficients, so that the $K\bar{K}$ component is the most important one for the $f_0(980)$. Additionally, this study stresses the need to distinguish between the bare and dressed couplings and widths in a Flatté parameterization. We elaborate on the connection between the partial-decay widths calculated in terms of the dressed couplings and the actual measured ones. Due to the coupled-channel dynamics when the pole lies near the heavier threshold in the second Riemann sheet some changes are needed with respect to standard relations.
description: 42 pages, 16 tables, 2 figures, final version, will be published in Phys. Rev. D
Balsa: Learning a Query Optimizer Without Expert Demonstrations
Creators: name: Yang, Zongheng
name: Chiang, Wei-Lin
name: Luan, Sifei
name: Mittal, Gautam
name: Luo, Michael
name: Stoica, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Query optimizers are a performance-critical component in every database system. Due to their complexity, optimizers take experts months to write and years to refine. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that learning to optimize queries without learning from an expert optimizer is both possible and efficient. We present Balsa, a query optimizer built by deep reinforcement learning. Balsa first learns basic knowledge from a simple, environment-agnostic simulator, followed by safe learning in real execution. On the Join Order Benchmark, Balsa matches the performance of two expert query optimizers, both open-source and commercial, with two hours of learning, and outperforms them by up to 2.8$\times$ in workload runtime after a few more hours. Balsa thus opens the possibility of automatically learning to optimize in future compute environments where expert-designed optimizers do not exist.
description: SIGMOD 2022; code released at: https://github.com/balsa-project/balsa/
Diversity and relative abundance of the bacterial pathogen, Flavobacterium spp., infecting reproductive ecotypes of kokanee salmon
Creators: name: Lemay, Matthew A.
name: Russello, Michael A.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Understanding the distribution and abundance of pathogens can provide insight into the evolution and ecology of their host species. Previous research in kokanee, the freshwater form of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), found evidence that populations spawning in streams may experience a greater pathogen load compared with populations that spawn on beaches. In this study we tested for differences in the abundance and diversity of the gram-negative bacteria, Flavobacterium spp., infecting tissues of kokanee in both of these spawning habitats (streams and beaches). Molecular assays were carried out using primers designed to amplify a ~200 nucleotide region of the gene encoding the ATP synthase alpha subunit (AtpA) within the genus Flavobacterium. Using a combination of DNA sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) we compared the diversity and relative abundance of Flavobacterium AtpA amplicons present in DNA extracted from tissue samples of kokanee collected from each spawning habitat. Results We identified 10 Flavobacterium AtpA haplotypes among the tissues of stream-spawning kokanee and seven haplotypes among the tissues of beach-spawning kokanee, with only two haplotypes shared between spawning habitats. Haplotypes occurring in the same clade as F. psychrophilum were the most prevalent (92% of all reads, 60% of all haplotypes), and occurred in kokanee from both spawning habitats (streams and beaches). Subsequent qPCR assays did not find any significant difference in the relative abundance of Flavobacterium AtpA amplicons between samples from the different spawning habitats. Conclusions We confirmed the presence of Flavobacterium spp. in both spawning habitats and found weak evidence for increased Flavobacterium diversity in kokanee sampled from stream-spawning sites. However, the quantity of Flavobacterium DNA did not differ between spawning habitats. We recommend further study aimed at quantifying pathogen diversity and abundance in population-level samples of kokanee combined with environmental sampling to better understand the ecology of pathogen infection in this species.
Do we need to consider electron kinetic effects to properly model a planetary magnetosphere: the case of Mercury
Creators: name: Lapenta, Giovanni
name: Schriver, David
name: Walker, Raymond J.
name: Berchem, Jean
name: Echterling, Nicole F.
name: Alaoui, Mostafa El
name: Travnicek, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetosphere of Mercury is studied using an implicit full particle in cell simulation (PIC). We use a hybrid simulation where ions are full particles and electrons are considered as a fluid to start a full PIC simulation where electrons are also particles and follow their distribution function. This approach allows us to estimate the changes introduced by the electron kinetic physics. We find that the overall macroscopic state of the magnetosphere of Mercury is little affected but several physical processes are significantly modified in the full PIC simulation: the foreshock region is more active with more intense shock reformation, the Kelvin-Helmholtz rippling effects on the nightside magnetopause are sharper, and the magnetotail current sheet becomes thinner than those predicted by the hybrid simulation. The greatest effect of the electron physics, comes from the processes of particle energization. Both species, not just the electrons, are found to gain more energy when kinetic electron processes are taken into account. The region with the most energetic plasma is found on the dusk side of the tail where magnetic flux ropes are formed due to reconnection. We find that the ion and electron energization is associated with the regions of reconnection and the development of kinetic instabilities caused by counter-streaming electron populations. The resulting electron distributions are highly non Maxwellian, a process that neither MHD nor hybrid models can describe.
Prime Factorization of the Kirchhoff Polynomial: Compact Enumeration of Arborescences
Creators: name: Mihalák, Matúš
name: Uznański, Przemysław
name: Yordanov, Pencho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of enumerating all rooted directed spanning trees (arborescences) of a directed graph (digraph) $G=(V,E)$ of $n$ vertices. An arborescence $A$ consisting of edges $e_1,\ldots,e_{n-1}$ can be represented as a monomial $e_1\cdot e_2 \cdots e_{n-1}$ in variables $e \in E$. All arborescences $\mathsf{arb}(G)$ of a digraph then define the Kirchhoff polynomial $\sum_{A \in \mathsf{arb}(G)} \prod_{e\in A} e$. We show how to compute a compact representation of the Kirchhoff polynomial -- its prime factorization, and how it relates to combinatorial properties of digraphs such as strong connectivity and vertex domination. In particular, we provide digraph decomposition rules that correspond to factorization steps of the polynomial, and also give necessary and sufficient primality conditions of the resulting factors expressed by connectivity properties of the corresponding decomposed components. Thereby, we obtain a linear time algorithm for decomposing a digraph into components corresponding to factors of the initial polynomial, and a guarantee that no finer factorization is possible. The decomposition serves as a starting point for a recursive deletion-contraction algorithm, and also as a preprocessing phase for iterative enumeration algorithms. Both approaches produce a compressed output and retain some structural properties in the resulting polynomial. This proves advantageous in practical applications such as calculating steady states on digraphs governed by Laplacian dynamics, or computing the greatest common divisor of Kirchhoff polynomials. Finally, we initiate the study of a class of digraphs which allow for a practical enumeration of arborescences. Using our decomposition rules we observe that various digraphs from real-world applications fall into this class or are structurally similar to it.
Radially excited (n=3)charm mesons in heavy quark effective theory
Creators: name: Garg, Ritu
name: Kumar, Kundan
name: Upadhyay, Alka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By exploring heavy quark effective theory (HQET), we use theoretical available data for bottom mesons to analysis the masses and decays for n = 3 charm mesons. From the predicted masses, we studied ground state strong decay modes in terms of couplings. Comparing the decays with available total decay widths, we provide upper bounds on the associated couplings. We also plot Regge trajectories for our predicted data in planes (J, $M^2$ ) and ($n_r$, $M^2$ ) and estimated higher masses (n = 4) by fixing Regge slopes and intercepts. These Regge trajectories are used to clarify $D_2^*(3000)$ state's $J^P$ as 1F ($2^+$) state. The presented results may further get confirmation through upcoming experimental information.
description: 9 pages,7 figures
The growth lobby and its absence: the relationship between the property development and housing industries and immigration policy in Australia and France: 1945-2000 with projections to 2050
Creators: name: Newman, Sheila
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis compares population policy and demographic outcomes in France and Australia from 1945 taking into consideration projections to 2050. These features are analysed using a theoretical approach derived from James Q. Wilson and Gary Freeman, flagging focused benefits/costs and diffuse benefits/costs of population growth, including growth fueled by immigration. This analysis is framed by the New Ecological Paradigm developed by Dunlap and Catton. The oil shock of 1973 is identified as a major turning point where French and Australian policy directions and demographic trends diverge, notably on immigration. It is established that in both countries there was a will for population stabilisation and energy conservation, which succeeded in France. In Australia, however, a strong, organised growth lobby over-rode this Malthusian tendency. A major force for growth lay in the speculative property development and housing industries. The specific qualities of the Australian land development planning and housing system facilitated land speculation. Speculative opportunity and profits were increased by population growth and, with decreasing fertility rates, the industries concerned relied increasingly on high immigration rates. In France, to the contrary, the land development planning and housing industries had no similar dependency on immigration and, since the oil shock, have adapted to a declining population growth rate. The author concludes that France has a relatively Malthusian economy and that Australia has a relatively Cornucopian one. These observations may be extrapolated respectively to non-English speaking Western European States and to English Speaking Settler States. Speculative benefits from population growth/immigration are illustrated by demonstrating a relationship between ratcheting property price inflation in high overseas immigration cities in Australia and the near absence of this inflation in low growth areas. In contrast this ratcheting effect is absent in France and French cities where population growth and immigration have little influence on the property market. The research suggests that speculative benefits of high population growth have been magnified by globalisation of the property market and that these rising stakes are likely to increase the difficulty of population stabilisation and energy conservation under the Australian land development and planning system. The thesis contains a substantial appendix analysing and comparing French and Australian demographic and energy use statistics.
Imprints of fermionic and bosonic mixed dark matter on the 21-cm signal at cosmic dawn
Creators: name: Giri, Sambit K.
name: Schneider, Aurel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 21-cm signal from the epoch of cosmic dawn prior to reionization consists of a promising observable to gain new insights into the dark matter (DM) sector. In this paper, we investigate its potential to constrain mixed (cold + non-cold) dark matter scenarios that are characterised by the non-cold DM fraction ($f_{\rm nCDM}$) and particle mass ($m_{\rm nCDM}$). As non-cold DM species, we investigate both a fermionic (sterile neutrino) and a bosonic (ultra-light axion) particle. We show how these scenarios affect the global signal and the power spectrum using a halo-model implementation of the 21-cm signal at cosmic dawn. Next to this study, we perform an inference-based forecast study based on realistic mock power spectra from the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope. Assuming inefficient, yet non-zero star-formation in minihaloes (i.e. haloes with mass below $10^8$ M$_{\odot}$), we obtain stringent constraints on both $m_{\rm nCDM}$ and $f_{\rm nCDM}$ that go well beyond current limits. Regarding the special case of $f_{\rm nCDM}\sim 1$, for example, we find a constraint of $m_{\rm nCDM}>15$ keV (thermal mass) for fermionic DM and $m_{\rm nCDM}>2\times10^{-20}$ eV for bosonic DM. For the opposite case of dominating cold DM, we find that at most one percent of the total DM abundance can be made of a hot fermionic or bosonic relic. All constraints are provided at the 95 percent confidence level.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, similar to the version accepted for publication in PRD
Reduction of binary forms via the hyperbolic center of mass
Creators: name: Elezi, Artur
name: Shaska, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51F99

description: In this paper we provide an alternative reduction theory for real, binary forms with no real roots. Our approach is completely geometric, making use of the notion of hyperbolic center of mass in the upper half-plane. It appears that our model compares favorably with existing reduction theories, at least in certain aspects related to the field of definition. Various tools and features of hyperbolic geometry that are interesting in themselves, but also relevant for our and various other reduction theories papers (\cite{julia} and \cite{SC}), are also treated in detail and in a self-contained way here.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
A two-level domain-decomposition preconditioner for the time-harmonic Maxwell's equations
Creators: name: Bonazzoli, Marcella
name: Dolean, Victorita
name: Graham, Ivan
name: Spence, Euan
name: Tournier, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The construction of fast iterative solvers for the indefinite time-harmonic Maxwell's system at mid- to high-frequency is a problem of great current interest. Some of the difficulties that arise are similar to those encountered in the case of the mid- to high-frequency Helmholtz equation. Here we investigate how two-level domain-decomposition preconditioners recently proposed for the Helmholtz equation work in the Maxwell case, both from the theoretical and numerical points of view.
Syntax predicts prosody: Multi-purpose morphemes in Serbo-Croatian
Creators: name: Simonović, Marko
name: Arsenijević, Boban
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: prosody
derivation
inflection
multi-purpose morphemes
Serbo-Cro\-atian
Optimality Theory

description: We consider four Serbo-Croatian suffixes which appear in various structural positions and display different prosodic behaviour in these positions. Such suffixes allow us to establish the effects of the structural context on prosody by constructing minimal pairs between e.g. derivation and inflection. All four suffixes are shown to fit the generalization that derivational morphology is more accented than inflectional morphology. We propose a formal explanation and discuss the functional benefits of a surface differentiation between the two uses.
Microlensing constraints on clustered primordial black holes
Creators: name: Petač, Mihael
name: Lavalle, Julien
name: Jedamzik, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of black-hole-binary mergers through their gravitational wave (GW) emission has reopened the exciting possibility that dark matter is made, at least partly, of primordial black holes (PBHs). However, this scenario is challenged by many observational probes that set bounds on the relative PBH abundance across a broad range of viable PBH masses. Among these bounds, the ones coming from microlensing surveys lead to the strongest constraints in the mass range from $\sim 10^{-10}$ to a few M$_{\odot}$. The upper part of this range precisely corresponds to the mass window inside which the formation of PBHs should be boosted due to the QCD phase transition in the early Universe, which makes the microlensing probes particularly important. However, it has been argued that taking into account the inevitable clustering of PBH on small scales can significantly relax or entirely remove these bounds. While the impact of PBH clustering on the GW event rate has been studied in detail, its impact on the microlensing event rate has not yet been fully assessed. In this Letter, we address this issue, and show that clusters arising from isocurvature perturbations, that originating from PBHs formed from Gaussian initial curvature perturbations, do not alter the current microlensing constraints, as they are not sufficiently compact.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. Comments are welcome! Added two references and slightly updated the text according to the feedback received regarding the first version of the draft
Two-level preconditioners for the Helmholtz equation
Creators: name: Bonazzoli, Marcella
name: Dolean, Victorita
name: Graham, Ivan
name: Spence, Euan
name: Tournier, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we compare numerically two different coarse space definitions for two-level domain decomposition preconditioners for the Helmholtz equation, both in two and three dimensions. While we solve the pure Helmholtz problem without absorption, the preconditioners are built from problems with absorption. In the first method, the coarse space is based on the discretization of the problem with absorption on a coarse mesh, with diameter constrained by the wavenumber. In the second method, the coarse space is built by solving local eigenproblems involving the Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) operator.