cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Edge mode velocities in the quantum Hall effect from a dc measurement
Creators: name: Zucker, Philip
name: Feldman, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because of the bulk gap, low energy physics in the quantum Hall effect is confined to the edges of the 2D electron liquid. The velocities of edge modes are key parameters of edge physics. They were determined in several quantum Hall systems from time-resolved measurements and high-frequency ac transport. We propose a way to extract edge velocities from dc transport in a point contact geometry defined by narrow gates. The width of the gates assumes two different sizes at small and large distances from the point contact. The Coulomb interaction across the gates depends on the gate width and affects the conductance of the contact. The conductance exhibits two different temperature dependencies at high and low temperatures. The transition between the two regimes is determined by the edge velocity. An interesting feature of the low-temperature I-V curve is current oscillations as a function of the voltage. The oscillations emerge due to charge reflection from the interface of the regions defined by the narrow and wide sections of the gates.
description: 17 pages, 6 FIgures
Experimental demonstration of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering game based on the All-Versus-Nothing proof
Creators: name: Sun, Kai
name: Xu, Jin-Shi
name: Ye, Xiang-Jun
name: Wu, Yu-Chun
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, a generalization of the original concept of "steering" proposed by Schrödinger, describes the ability of one system to nonlocally affect another system's states through local measurements. Some experimental efforts to test EPR steering in terms of inequalities have been made, which usually require many measurement settings. Analogy to the "All-Versus-Nothing" (AVN) proof of Bell's theorem without inequalities, testing steerability without inequalities would be more strong and require less resource. Moreover, the practical meaning of steering implies that it should also be possible to store the state information on the side to be steered, a result that has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. Using a recent AVN criterion for two qubit entangled states, we experimentally implement a practical steering game using quantum memory. Further more, we develop a theoretical method to deal with the noise and finite measurement statistics within the AVN framework and apply it to analyze the experimental data. Our results clearly show the facilitation of the AVN criterion for testing steerability and provide a particularly strong perspective for understanding EPR steering.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + 6 pages supplementary
Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of first responders towards pill testing at music festivals: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: McPherson, Belinda
name: Blackford, Krysten
name: Mancini, Vincent
name: Wisby, Teneille
name: Crawford, Gemma
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: First responder, illicit drug use, drug-related harm, drug detection dogs, pill testing, music festivals, harm reduction, public health

description: This project seeks to understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of first responders in relation to pill testing at music festivals. The information will be used to make further research recommendations into community member and stakeholder attitudes and provide policy and service planning guidance regarding whether or not this harm reduction approach is feasible at music festivals in Australia.
On gigahertz spectral turnovers in pulsars
Creators: name: Rajwade, Kaustubh
name: Lorimer, Duncan R
name: Anderson, Loren D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars are known to emit non-thermal radio emission that is generally a power-law function of frequency. In some cases, a turnover is seen at frequencies around 100~MHz. Kijak et al. have reported the presence of a new class of ''Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum'' (GPS) pulsars that show spectral turnovers at frequencies around 1 GHz. We apply a model based on free-free thermal absorption to explain these turnovers in terms of surrounding material such as the dense environments found in HII regions, Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe), or in cold, partially ionized molecular clouds. We show that the turnover frequency depends on the electron temperature of the environment close to the pulsar, as well as the emission measure along the line of sight. We fitted this model to the radio fluxes of known GPS pulsars and show that it can replicate the GHz turnover. From the thermal absorption model, we demonstrate that normal pulsars would exhibit a GPS-like behaviour if they were in a dense environment. We discuss the application of this model in the context of determining the population of neutron stars within the central parsec of the Galaxy. We show that a non-negligible fraction of this population might exhibit high-frequency spectral turnovers, which has implications on the detectability of these sources in the Galactic centre.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gauge Invariance and Symmetry Breaking by Topology and Energy Gap
Creators: name: Heissenberg, Carlo
name: Strocchi, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q35, 81R40

description: For the description of observables and states of a quantum system, it may be convenient to use a canonical Weyl algebra of which only a subalgebra $\mathcal A$, with a non-trivial center $\mathcal Z$, describes observables, the other Weyl operators playing the role of intertwiners between inequivalent representations of $\mathcal A$. In particular, this gives rise to a gauge symmetry described by the action of $\mathcal Z$. A distinguished case is when the center of the observables arises from the fundamental group of the manifold of the positions of the quantum system. Symmetries which do not commute with the topological invariants represented by elements of $\mathcal Z$ are then spontaneously broken in each irreducible representation of the observable algebra, compatibly with an energy gap; such a breaking exhibits a mechanism radically different from Goldstone and Higgs mechanisms. This is clearly displayed by the quantum particle on a circle, the Bloch electron and the two body problem.
description: 23 pages
Rural settlement patterns and sanctuaries in the middle Volturno valley
Creators: name: Robinson, Elizabeth C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Although previous scholarship has suggested settlement patterns for the middle Volturno valley, these patterns do not take into account all of the evidence that is currently available. Also, the models of settlement patterns that have previously been applied to this region seem to have been based on the assumption that this region functions in the same way as areas that have city-state organization. This study takes a closer look at the sites of the middle Volturno valley, including settlements, sanctuaries, and other associated sites, in order to develop a more accurate settlement pattern for this region. It refutes the assumption that this region employed territorial boundary sanctuaries, and suggests instead that the settlement pattern here was a complex one that employed sanctuaries to serve as areas for cultural interfacing rather than as symbols of territorial demarcation.
Stable $\mathbb{A}^1$-connectivity over Dedekind schemes
Creators: name: Schmidt, Johannes
name: Strunk, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F42

description: We show that $\mathbb{A}^1$-localization decreases the Nisnevich-stalkwise connectivity by at most one over a Dedekind scheme with infinite residue fields. For the proof, we establish a Nisnevich-local version of Gabber's geometric presentation lemma over a henselian discrete valuation ring with infinite residue field.
description: Final version (to appear in Ann. K-Theory)
Liposomal bupivacaine for enhanced recovery in colorectal surgery: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Byrnes, Kevin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anesthesiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Surgery

description: Review question: What is the efficacy of liposomal bupivicaine compared to standard analgesia for reducing morphine requirements and lenght of stay in colorectal patients? Population: Patients undergoing colorectal resections. Intervention: Liposomal bupivacaine used for either local or regional analgesia. Comparison: Non-liposomal bupivacaine controls Outcomes: Overall morphine requirements and length of stay.
Synthesis of efficient photocatalysts for water oxidation and dye degradation reactions using CoCl2 eutectics
Creators: name: Fettkenhauer, Christian
name: Wang, Xinchen
name: Kailasam, Kamalakannan
name: Antonietti, Markus
name: Dontsova, Dariya
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 530 Physik

description: A simple one-step procedure for the preparation of cobalt oxide-carbon nitride composites by carrying out the thermal condensation reaction of carbon nitride precursors in cobalt(II) chloride-containing salt melts is developed. This method enables us to control the structure of the polymer constituent by the proper selection of the second eutectic component. In this respect, alkali metal chlorides and zinc chloride give rise to poly(triazine imides), while tin(II) chloride delivers melon-based polymers. The crystallinity of the carbon nitride polymer phase can be influenced by varying the concentration of the precursor in the melt. On the other hand, cobalt oxide loading in the final products can be increased by decreasing the precursor concentration in the melt. The products are highly active photocatalysts for Rhodamine B degradation as exemplified by SnCl2/CoCl2-derived solids, and the water oxidation reaction (WOR). The activity of the products in the WOR is comparable with that of the bench composite photocatalyst prepared by using the three-step procedure that includes the synthesis of Co3O4 nanoparticles as a separate step, thus illustrating the advantages of the developed salt melt assisted approach.
Quantum nondemolition measurement of a nonclassical state of a massive object
Creators: name: Lecocq, F.
name: Clark, J. B.
name: Simmonds, R. W.
name: Aumentado, J.
name: Teufel, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While quantum mechanics exquisitely describes the behavior of microscopic systems, one ongoing challenge is to explore its applicability to systems of larger size and mass. Unfortunately, quantum states of increasingly macroscopic objects are more easily corrupted by unintentional measurements from the classical environment. Additionally, even the intentional measurements from the observer can further perturb the system. In optomechanics, coherent light fields serve as the intermediary between the fragile mechanical states and our inherently classical world by exerting radiation pressure forces and extracting mechanical information. Here we engineer a microwave cavity optomechanical system to stabilize a nonclassical steady-state of motion while independently, continuously, and nondestructively monitoring it. By coupling the motion of an aluminum membrane to two microwave cavities, we separately prepare and measure a squeezed state of motion. We demonstrate a quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of sub-vacuum mechanical quadrature fluctuations. The techniques developed here have direct applications in the areas of quantum-enhanced sensing and quantum information processing, and could be further extended to more complex quantum states.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Cruising in the "Non-Traditional" Collections Lane with Your MAAP:  Challenges and Solutions
Creators: name: Kubilius, Ramune
name: Davis, Bart
name: Callahan, Beth
name: Snyder, Rebecca
name: Hilleglass, Stella
name: Erlichman, Evan
Publisher: name: Prism. Galter Health Sciences Library. Northwestern University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Collection development (Libraries)
subject: Libraries, Medical
subject: Library Collection Development

description: Slides and reference list from a panel presentation at the MLA / SLA'23 conference in Detroit, MI on May 19, 2023.  One presentation of six in: "Shifting Into Second Gear: The 2nd Symposium on Collection Development & Resource Sharing". Presented by: Beth Callahan, Bart Davis, and Rebecca Snyder. Moderated by Ramune K. Kubilius, and Evan Erlichman. This session was developed by Stella Hilleglass and Ramune K. Kubilius.
Learning-based Reduced Order Model Stabilization for Partial Differential Equations: Application to the Coupled Burgers Equation
Creators: name: Benosman, Mouhacine
name: Kramer, Boris
name: Boufounos, Petros
name: Grover, Piyush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present results on stabilization for reduced order models (ROM) of partial differential equations using learning. Stabilization is achieved via closure models for ROMs, where we use a model-free extremum seeking (ES) dither-based algorithm to learn the best closure models' parameters, for optimal ROM stabilization. We first propose to auto-tune linear closure models using ES, and then extend the results to a closure model combining linear and nonlinear terms, for better stabilization performance. The coupled Burgers' equation is employed as a test-bed for the proposed tuning method.
Minimum energy and the end of the inspiral in the post-Newtonian approximation
Creators: name: Cabero, Miriam
name: Nielsen, Alex B.
name: Lundgren, Andrew P.
name: Capano, Collin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The early inspiral phase of a compact binary coalescence is well modelled by the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation to the orbital energy and gravitational wave flux. The transition from the inspiral phase to the plunge can be defined by the minimum energy circular orbit (MECO). In the extreme mass-ratio limit, up to the highest PN order known, the PN energy equals the energy of the exact Kerr solution. However, for comparable-mass systems the MECO of the PN energy does not exist when bodies have large spins. By including the exact Kerr limit and recently published post-Newtonian terms we extract a well-defined minimum of the orbital energy beyond which the plunge or merger occurs. We study the hybrid condition for a number of cases of both black hole and neutron stars and compare to other commonly employed definitions. Our method can be used for any known order of the post-Newtonian series and enables the MECO condition to be used to define the end of the inspiral phase for highly spinning, comparable mass systems.
Post-racial America?: racialization and polarization of policy-related judgments following the 2008 U.S. presidential election
Creators: name: Lundberg, Kristjen B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The promise of a post-racial America signaled by the 2008 election of President Obama has gone unfulfilled. Using representative samples of the American electorate, Study 1 confirmed that those with stronger explicit and implicit anti-Black attitudes before the 2008 election voiced more negative policy-related judgments in July 2009 (racialization hypothesis). Study 2 demonstrated that the difference in policy-related judgments between high-prejudice and low-prejudice respondents was increasing over time between May 2009 and July 2010 (polarization hypothesis). Both the racialization and polarization of policy-related judgments were mediated by more negative evaluations of Obama. Study 3 suggested that the particular pattern of mediation may be unique to the Obama administration. Particularly noteworthy is that the measure of policy-related judgments used refers to issues (e.g., the economy, health care) that naively should be uninfluenced by racial attitudes. These findings suggest that racial attitudes continue to play a substantial role in today's political climate.
High Kinetic Inductance Superconducting Nanowire Resonators for Circuit QED in a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Samkharadze, N.
name: Bruno, A.
name: Scarlino, P.
name: Zheng, G.
name: DiVincenzo, D. P.
name: DiCarlo, L.
name: Vandersypen, L. M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present superconducting microwave-frequency resonators based on NbTiN nanowires. The small cross section of the nanowires minimizes vortex generation, making the resonators resilient to magnetic fields. Measured intrinsic quality factors exceed $2\times 10^5$ in a $6$ T in-plane magnetic field, and $3\times 10^4$ in a $350$ mT perpendicular magnetic field. Due to their high characteristic impedance, these resonators are expected to develop zero-point voltage fluctuations one order of magnitude larger than in standard coplanar waveguide resonators. These properties make the nanowire resonators well suited for circuit QED experiments needing strong coupling to quantum systems with small electric dipole moments and requiring a magnetic field, such as electrons in single and double quantum dots.
Anisorhizobius funebris
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Anisorhizobius
Anisorhizobius funebris

description: 1. Anisorhizobius funebris (Philippi & Philippi, 1864)
Coccinella funebris Philippi & Philippi, 1864: 403 (original description); Crotch, 1874: 311 (species dubiae); Blackwelder, 1945: 456 (checklist, incertae sedis).
Scymnus funebris: Gemminger & Harold, 1876: 3794 (genus dubiae)
? funebris: Korschefsky, 1932: 580-581 (incertae sedis)
Anisorhizobius funebris: Hofmann, 1970: 218.
Type material: All types are lost. Chile: Santiago, Cordillera, Curicó.
Geographical distribution: Chile: Valdivia (Philippi & Philippi, 1864); Santiago, Cordillera, Curicó (González 2008).
Remarks. This genus was described by Hofmann in 1970, based on Coccinella funebris that had been described by Philippi & Philippi in 1864. Its most important features are 10-segmented antenna and eyes with few very large facets. The postcoxal line is complete and as in Rhizoryssomus, almost reaching the posterior edge of the first abdominal ventrite.
The type specimen was not specified by Hofmann, but according to González, in his website “ Coccinellidae de Chile,” this species can be easily recognized.
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860
On the Semantics of Intensionality
Creators: name: Kavvos, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: In this paper we propose a categorical theory of intensionality. We first revisit the notion of intensionality, and discuss we its relevance to logic and computer science. It turns out that 1-category theory is not the most appropriate vehicle for studying the interplay of extension and intension. We are thus led to consider the P-categories of Čubrić, Dybjer and Scott, which are categories only up to a partial equivalence relation (PER). In this setting, we introduce a new P-categorical construct, that of exposures. Exposures are very nearly functors, except that they do not preserve the PERs of the P-category. Inspired by the categorical semantics of modal logic, we begin to develop their theory. Our leading examples demonstrate that an exposure is an abstraction of well-behaved intensional devices, such as Gödel numberings. The outcome is a unifying framework in which classic results of Kleene, Gödel, Tarski and Rice find concise, clear formulations, and where each logical device or assumption involved in their proofs can be expressed in the same algebraic manner.
Fast and comprehensive FPGA based BLOB analysis with the Hybrid BLOB concept
Creators: name: Wezstein, Simon
name: Stelzl, Michael
name: Heizmann, Michael
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Image signal processing
FPGA
BLOB analysis

description: In this contribution we show our approach for a feature rich and high speed BLOB analysis on FPGAs. For the Hybrid-BLOB concept we use a combination of a single-pass BLOB analysis and a double-pass labeling algorithm. We use Basler’s VisualApplets for the implementation of the concept on their microEnable 5 frame grabbers. We achieve the extraction of the gray value data of the BLOBs at factor 14 higher frame rates compared to the naive labeling of the complete image. This is achieved by limiting the maximum BLOB size to 128 × 128 px, which speeds up the double-pass labeling algorithm. Our con-cept is targeted at low latency and high throughput demanding applications where BLOBs are small, like sensor based sorting or surface inspection.
Two distinct desynchronization processes caused by lesions in globally coupled neurons
Creators: name: Ferrari, Fabiano A. S.
name: Viana, Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To accomplish a task, the brain works like a synchronized neuronal network where all the involved neurons work together. When a lesion spreads in the brain, depending on its evolution, it can reach a significant portion of relevant area. As a consequence, a phase transition might occur: the neurons desynchronize and cannot perform a certain task anymore. Lesions are responsible for either disrupting the neuronal connections or, in some cases, for killing the neuron. In this work, we will use a simplified model of neuronal network to show that these two types of lesions cause different types of desynchronization.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Προσεγγίζοντας Τόπους Σκοτεινής Πολιτιστικής Κληρονομιάς μέσω της Εικαστικής Δημιουργίας: Το Πρόγραμμα ECHO (European Cultural Heritage Onstage)
Creators: name: Πασαμήτρος, Νικόλαος Γεώργιος
name: Κρικώνη, Βερονίκη Θεόδωρος
Publisher: name: Κριτικές Μελέτες για την Πολιτιστική Κληρονομιά
Year: 2023

description: Η πολιτιστική κληρονομιά, ως αντικείμενο χρήσης και κυριότητας, δύναται να θεαθεί υπό διαφορετικά πλαίσια που οδηγούν σε διαφορετικές πολιτικές χρήσεις. Τα κυρίαρχα πλαίσια της εθνικής και της οικουμενικής αντίληψης, όπως προκύπτουν από τις χρήσεις των κρατών και των διεθνών οργανισμών αντίστοιχα, έχουν επικριθεί για τον αποκλεισμό και την περιθωριοποίηση των υπο-εθνικών ομάδων και υποομάδων. Οι κριτικές προσεγγίσεις καλούν για συμπερίληψη των ομάδων αυτών και για εμπλοκή των κοινοτήτων στην διαχείριση της κληρονομιάς και τη διεύρυνση των αντιλήψεων περί άυλης κληρονομιάς ώστε να ανταποκρίνονται στις εγχώριες ανάγκες. Το παρόν άρθρο καταπιάνεται με το δημιουργικό πρόγραμμα ECHO ως παράδειγμα εναλλακτικής προσέγγισης της σκοτεινής πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς που στόχευσε στον αναστοχασμό συλλογικών τραυματικών εμπειριών ευρωπαϊκών/βαλκανικών κοινοτήτων μέσα από την καλλιτεχνική δημιουργία. Το πρόγραμμα ECHO είχε σημαντικό αντίκτυπο στις εγχώριες κοινότητες και στους εμπλεκόμενους καλλιτέχνες. Ταυτόχρονα υπόκειντο σε περιορισμούς που σχετίζονται με την ίδια τη φύση του προγράμματος. Συγκεκριμένα το πρόγραμμα ECHO θα μπορούσε να αποτελέσει οδηγό εναλλακτικών προσεγγίσεων που προωθεί μια πολυεπίπεδη οπτική της κληρονομιάς ως τοπική και ταυτόχρονα βαλκανική και Ευρωπαϊκή, και γενικά φαίνεται ότι τέτοιου είδους δημιουργικά προγράμματα θα μπορούσαν να διαμορφώσουν εναλλακτικές θεάσεις της κληρονομιάς με γνώμονα την εγχώρια κυριότητα και τη μη-εθνοκεντρική αντίληψη και χρήση της.
description: Κριτικές Μελέτες για την Πολιτιστική Κληρονομιά, Vol 3, No 1 (2023)
Volcanoes muon imaging using Cherenkov telescopes
Creators: name: Catalano, Osvaldo
name: Del Santo, Melania
name: Mineo, Teresa
name: Cusumano, Giancarlo
name: Maccarone, Maria Concetta
name: Pareschi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed understanding of a volcano inner structure is one of the key-points for the volcanic hazards evaluation. To this aim, in the last decade, geophysical radiography techniques using cosmic muon particles have been proposed. By measuring the differential attenuation of the muon flux as a function of the amount of rock crossed along different directions, it is possible to determine the density distribution of the interior of a volcano. Up to now, a number of experiments have been based on the detection of the muon tracks crossing hodoscopes, made up of scintillators or nuclear emulsion planes. Using telescopes based on the atmospheric Cherenkov imaging technique, we propose a new approach to study the interior of volcanoes detecting the Cherenkov light produced by relativistic cosmic-ray muons that survive after crossing the volcano. The Cherenkov light produced along the muon path is imaged as a typical annular pattern containing all the essential information to reconstruct particle direction and energy. Our new approach offers the advantage of a negligible background and an improved spatial resolution. To test the feasibility of our new method, we have carried out simulations with a toy-model based on the geometrical parameters of ASTRI SST-2M, i.e. the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope currently under installation onto the Etna volcano. Comparing the results of our simulations with previous experiments based on particle detectors, we gain at least a factor of 10 in sensitivity. The result of this study shows that we resolve an empty cylinder with a radius of about 100 m located inside a volcano in less than 4 days, which implies a limit on the magma velocity of 5 m/h.
description: 21 pages, 21 figures, in press on Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A. Final version published online: 3-NOV-2015
Space Weathering Trends Among Carbonaceous Asteroids
Creators: name: Kaluna, Heather M.
name: Masiero, Joseph R.
name: Meech, Karen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present visible spectroscopic and albedo data of the 2.3 Gyr old Themis family and the <10 Myr old Beagle sub-family. The slope and albedo variations between these two families indicate C-complex asteroids become redder and darker in response to space weathering. Our observations of Themis family members confirm previously observed trends where phyllosilicate absorption features are less common among small diameter objects. Similar trends in the albedos of large (> 15 km) and small (< 15 km) Themis members suggest these phyllosilicate feature and albedo trends result from regolith variations as a function of diameter. Observations of the Beagle asteroids show a small, but notable fraction of members with phyllosilicate features. The presence of phyllosilicates and the dynamical association of the main-belt comet 133P/Elst-Pizarro with the Beagle family imply the Beagle parent body was a heterogenous mixture of ice and aqueously altered minerals.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Icarus
Ab-initio pulsar magnetosphere: the role of general relativity
Creators: name: Philippov, Alexander A.
name: Cerutti, Benoît
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Spitkovsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been demonstrated that self-consistent particle-in-cell simulations of low-obliquity pulsar magnetospheres in flat spacetime show weak particle acceleration and no pair production near the poles. We investigate the validity of this conclusion in a more realistic spacetime geometry via general-relativistic particle-in-cell simulations of the aligned pulsar magnetospheres with pair formation. We find that the addition of frame-dragging effect makes local current density along the magnetic field larger than the Goldreich-Julian value, which leads to unscreened parallel electric fields and the ignition of a pair cascade. When pair production is active, we observe field oscillations in the open field bundle which could be related to pulsar radio emission. We conclude that general relativistic effects are essential for the existence of pulsar mechanism in low obliquity rotators.
description: 5 pages, 4 figure, submitted to ApJLetters
Forty-Seven Years on 47 Phila Street: From Radical Homespace to Third Place: The Life and Lasting Legacy of Caffé Lena – America’s Oldest Continuously Running Folk Coffeehouse
Creators: name: Arem, Jocelyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Caffé Lena manifests two identities – a mythic past and an adaptive present. The Caffé is not just a time capsule but is an evolving connector. Caffé Lena began as a business venture, became what I call a radical homespace when Lena became proprietress, and became a third place after her passing. I build on Michael Ann Williams' and bell hooks' theories of homeplace and Ray Oldenburg's concept of the third place to define a "radical homespace," an actual, alternative, physical substitute for home, whose function as a "space" and not a "place" allows it to accept contrary opinions and provide a platform for complex viewpoints. Radical homespaces are not defined by the politics of resistance, but of survival in the face of changing times. The formation and defense of identity then becomes a radical act. My thesis explores Caffé Lena's function over time, from 1960 to 2008.
Black Hole Winds II: Hyper-Eddington Winds and Feedback
Creators: name: King, Andrew
name: Muldrew, Stuart I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that black holes supplied with mass at hyper--Eddington rates drive outflows with mildly sub--relativistic velocities. These are $\sim 0.1 - 0.2c$ for Eddington accretion factors $\dot m_{\rm acc} \sim 10 - 100$, and $\sim 1500\,{\rm km\, s^{-1}}$ for $\dot m_{\rm acc} \sim 10^4$. Winds like this are seen in the X--ray spectra of ultraluminous sources (ULXs), strongly supporting the view that ULXs are stellar--mass compact binaries in hyper--Eddington accretion states. SS433 appears to be an extreme ULX system ($\dot m_{\rm acc} \sim 10^4$) viewed from outside the main X--ray emission cone. For less extreme Eddington factors $\dot m_{\rm acc} \sim 10 - 100$ the photospheric temperatures of the winds are $\sim 100$\, eV, consistent with the picture that the ultraluminous supersoft sources (ULSs) are ULXs seen outside the medium--energy X--ray beam, unifying the ULX/ULS populations and SS433 (actually a ULS but with photospheric emission too soft to detect). For supermassive black holes (SMBHs), feedback from hyper--Eddington accretion is significantly more powerful than the usual near--Eddington (`UFO') case, and if realised in nature would imply $M - σ$ masses noticeably smaller than observed. We suggest that the likely warping of the accretion disc in such cases may lead to much of the disc mass being expelled, severely reducing the incidence of such strong feedback. We show that hyper--Eddington feedback from bright ULXs can have major effects on their host galaxies. This is likely to have important consequences for the formation and survival of small galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
SPIRIT_checklist PROTOCOL.docx
Creators: name: D, MAHESH
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care

description: Cervical radiculopathy will be a recognized neurological condition, as well as being acknowledged in Ayurvedic classics as a disorder of the head and neck (urdhvajatrugatavikara). According to contemporary research, cervical radiculopathy will be viewed as an advanced stage of cervical spondylosis. In the upcoming era, an increasing number of individuals will experience cervical radiculopathy due to factors such as heavy workloads, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications, which will serve as the root causes of this condition. Administration of oil through the nasal route will be one of the five principal procedures in Ayurveda and will be recommended for the management of cervical radiculopathy.With this context in mind, our study will aim to assess the effectiveness of Aegle marmelos oil administered via the nasal route in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy. Our objectives will include evaluating the efficacy and comparing the effects of Aegle marmelos oil and Sida cordifolia oil administered nasally in terms of both subjective and objective criteria for cervical radiculopathy.Method: For this study, we will enroll a total of 60 patients. Group A will receive Sida cordifolia oil via nasal administration, while Group B will be administered a group of Aegle marmelos oil, with 8 drops in each nostril, for seven days. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (day 0) and on the eighth day. Result: the results will be subjected to statistical analysis using appropriate methods. Conclusions will be drawn based on the observations and results obtained in this study
$p$-adic asymptotic properties of constant-recursive sequences
Creators: name: Rowland, Eric
name: Yassawi, Reem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study $p$-adic properties of sequences of integers (or $p$-adic integers) that satisfy a linear recurrence with constant coefficients. For such a sequence, we give an explicit approximate twisted interpolation to $\mathbb Z_p$. We then use this interpolation for two applications. The first is that certain subsequences of constant-recursive sequences converge $p$-adically. The second is that the density of the residues modulo $p^α$ attained by a constant-recursive sequence converges, as $α\to \infty$, to the Haar measure of a certain subset of $\mathbb Z_p$. To illustrate these results, we determine some particular limits for the Fibonacci sequence.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Charged hadrons in local finite-volume QED+QCD with C* boundary conditions
Creators: name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Patella, Agostino
name: Ramos, Alberto
name: Tantalo, Nazario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to calculate QED corrections to hadronic physical quantities by means of lattice simulations, a coherent description of electrically-charged states in finite volume is needed. In the usual periodic setup, Gauss's law and large gauge transformations forbid the propagation of electrically-charged states. A possible solution to this problem, which does not violate the axioms of local quantum field theory, has been proposed by Wiese and Polley, and is based on the use of C* boundary conditions. We present a thorough analysis of the properties and symmetries of QED in isolation and QED coupled to QCD, with C* boundary conditions. In particular we learn that a certain class of electrically-charged states can be constructed in this setup in a fully consistent fashion, without relying on gauge fixing. We argue that this class of states covers most of the interesting phenomenological applications in the framework of numerical simulations. We also calculate finite-volume corrections to the mass of stable charged particles and show that these are much smaller than in non-local formulations of QED.
description: 63 pages. The main body spans 24 pages. The paper contains 4 extended appendices
Quantifying the Colour-Dependent Stochasticity of Large-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Patej, Anna
name: Eisenstein, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of whether massive red and blue galaxies trace the same large-scale structure at z~0.6 using the CMASS sample of galaxies from Data Release 12 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. After splitting the catalog into subsamples of red and blue galaxies using a simple colour cut, we measure the clustering of both subsamples and construct the correlation coefficient, r, using two statistics. The correlation coefficient quantifies the stochasticity between the two subsamples, which we examine over intermediate scales (20 < R < 100 Mpc/h). We find that on these intermediate scales, the correlation coefficient is consistent with 1; in particular, we find r > 0.95 taking into account both statistics and r > 0.974 using the favored statistic.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Dark matter as a condensate: Deduction of microscopic properties
Creators: name: Gutierrez, Sergio
name: Carvente, Belen
name: Camacho, Abel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we model dark matter as a Bose-Einstein condensate and the main goal is the deduction of the microscopic properties, namely, mass, number of particles, and scattering length, related to the particles comprised in the corresponding condensate. This task is done introducing in the corresponding model the effects of the thermal cloud of the system. Three physical conditions are imposed, i.e., mechanical equilibrium of the condensate, explanation of the rotation curves of stars belonging to dwarf galaxies, and, finally, the deflection of light due to the presence of dark matter. These three aforementioned expressions allow us to cast the features of the particles in terms of detectable astrophysical variables. Finally, the model is contrasted against observational data and in this manner we obtain values for the involved microscopic parameters of the condensate. The statistical errors are seven and eighteen percent for the scattering length and mass of the dark matter particle, respectively.
description: 11 pages
HEBECO PA PROTOCOL: Key determinants of meeting WHO recommended levels of Physical Activity during the COVID-19 pandemic in a UK-based sample: Longitudinal findings from the HEBECO Study.
Creators: name: Herbec, Aleksandra
name: Mitchell, John
name: Shahab, Lion
name: Kale, Dimitra
name: Dicken, Samuel
name: Beard, Emma
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health Education and Promotion
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Exercise Physiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Health Policy
subject: International Public Health
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Coronavirus
subject: COVID
subject: COVID-19
subject: Exercise
subject: Lockdown
subject: PA
subject: Pandemic
subject: Physical Activity
subject: Second Lockdown
subject: Second Wave
subject: Strength
subject: WHO guideline
subject: WHO recommendations

description: Preregistration of protocol (before analysis) of an investigation of the determinants of meeting WHO recommended levels of Physical Activity during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Health Behaviours during the Covid-19 Pandemic (HEBECO) study.
Pan-STARRS1 variability of XMM-COSMOS AGN. I. Impact on photometric redshifts
Creators: name: Simm, T.
name: Saglia, R.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Bender, R.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Draper, P. W.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Kudritzki, R. -P.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Tonry, J. L.
name: Wainscoat, R. J.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abbreviated] Upcoming large area sky surveys like EUCLID and eROSITA crucially depend on accurate photometric redshifts (photo-z). The identification of variable sources, such as AGNs, and the achievable redshift accuracy for varying objects are important in view of the science goals of the EUCLID and eROSITA missions. We probe AGN optical variability for a large sample of X-ray-selected AGNs in the XMM-COSMOS field, using the light curves provided by the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) 3pi and MDF04 surveys. Utilizing two different variability parameters, we defined a sample of varying AGNs for every PS1 band. We investigated the influence of variability on the calculation of photo-z by applying three different input photometry sets for our fitting procedure. For each of the five PS1 bands, we chose either the epochs minimizing the interval in observing time, the median magnitude values, or randomly drawn light curve points to compute the redshift. In addition, we derived photo-z using PS1 photometry extended by GALEX/IRAC bands. We find that the photometry produced by the 3pi survey is sufficient to reliably detect variable sources provided that the fractional variability amplitude is at least 3%. Considering the photo-z of variable AGNs, we observe that minimizing the time spacing of the chosen points yields superior photo-z in terms of the percentage of outliers (33%) and accuracy (0.07), outperforming the other two approaches. Drawing random points from the light curve gives rise to typically 57% of outliers and an accuracy of 0.4. Adding GALEX/IRAC bands for the redshift determination weakens the influence of variability. Although the redshift quality generally improves when adding these bands, we still obtain not less than 26% of outliers and an accuracy of 0.05 at best, therefore variable sources should receive a flag stating that their photo-z may be low quality.
description: Accepted by A&A, 24 pages, 13 figures
Spin frustration and fermionic entanglement in an exactly solved hybrid diamond chain with the localized Ising spins and mobile electrons
Creators: name: Torrico, J.
name: Rojas, M.
name: Pereira, M. S. S.
name: Strecka, J.
name: Lyra, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strongly correlated spin-electron system on a diamond chain containing localized Ising spins on its nodal lattice sites and mobile electrons on its interstitial sites is exactly solved in a magnetic field using the transfer-matrix method. We have investigated in detail all available ground states, the magnetization processes, the spin-spin correlation functions around an elementary plaquette, fermionic quantum concurrence and spin frustration. It is shown that the fermionic entanglement between mobile electrons hopping on interstitial sites and the kinetically-induced spin frustration are closely related yet independent phenomena. In the ground state, quantum entanglement only appears within a frustrated unsaturated paramagnetic phase, while thermal fluctuations can promote some degree of quantum entanglement above the non-frustrated ground states with saturated paramagnetic or classical ferrimagnetic spin arrangements.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Langevin power curve analysis for numerical WEC models with new insights on high frequency power performance
Creators: name: Mücke, Tanja A.
name: Wächter, Matthias
name: Milan, Patrick
name: Peinke, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Langevin equation it has been proposed to obtain power curves for wind turbines from high frequency data of wind speed measurements u(t) and power output P (t). The two parts of the Langevin approach, power curve and drift field, give a comprehensive description of the conversion dynamic over the whole operating range of the wind turbine. The method deals with high frequent data instead of 10 min means. It is therefore possible to gain a reliable power curve already from a small amount of data per wind speed. Furthermore, the method is able to visualize multiple fixed points, which is e.g. characteristic for the transition from partial to full load or in case the conversion process deviates from the standard procedures. In order to gain a deeper knowledge it is essential that the method works not only for measured data but also for numerical wind turbine models and synthetic wind fields. Here, we characterize the dynamics of a detailed numerical wind turbine model and calculate the Langevin power curve for different data samplings. We show, how to get reliable results from synthetic data and verify the applicability of the method for field measurements with ultra-sonic, cup and Lidar measurements. The independence of the fixed points on site specific turbulence effects is also confirmed with the numerical model. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential of the Langevin approach to detect failures in the conversion process and thus show the potential of the Langevin approach for a condition monitoring system.
description: in Wind Energy (2014)
Large Covariance Matrices: Smooth Models from the 2-Point Correlation Function
Creators: name: O'Connell, Ross
name: Eisenstein, Daniel
name: Vargas, Mariana
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new method for estimating the covariance matrix for the galaxy correlation function in surveys of large-scale structure. Our method combines simple theoretical results with a realistic characterization of the survey to dramatically reduce noise in the covariance matrix. For example, with an investment of only ~1,000 CPU hours we can produce a model covariance matrix with noise levels that would otherwise require ~35,000 mocks. Non-Gaussian contributions to the model are calibrated against mock catalogs, after which the model covariance is found to be in impressive agreement with the mock covariance matrix. Since calibration of this method requires fewer mocks than brute force approaches, we believe that it could dramatically reduce the number of mocks required to analyse future surveys.