cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Cost Effectiveness of Mental Health Treatment in the Lifetime of Older Adults with HIV in New York City: A Markov Approach
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: © 2020, The Author(s). Background: There are noticeable gaps in knowledge regarding the cost and effectiveness of integrated medical and behavioral services for older adults with HIV. Their lifespan is close to the population’s level but their quality of life has sharply declined due to depression and substance use. Mental health disorders are widespread among an aging population with HIV. Objective: The aim of this study was to build a decision analytic model to evaluate medical interventions with and without mental health treatment using primary data of 139 older adults with HIV and health outcomes from the literature. Methods: We tracked the progression of depression and cumulative deaths among older adults with HIV using a Markov model with 50 annual cycles through three health states. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses addressed uncertainty in estimating the parameters and around the model’s assumptions. Results: An integrated medical and behavioral care system is cost effective at a willingness to pay of $50,000 per QALY compared with medical care only. The incremental cost was $516,452 and the incremental effectiveness was 38.8 quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $13,316 per QALY. Conclusions: Appropriate and efficacious referrals to integrated medical + behavioral services, either in the same facility or connected to their primary care doctor, are instrumental to reverse loses in quality of life and avoid premature death. If mental health is left unattended, HIV would progress, causing declines in quality of life and ultimately triggering premature death. Reliable data on the cost and effectiveness of different types of HIV integrated services are needed.
Creating a Synthesizer from Schrödinger's Equation
Creators: name: Freye, Arthur
name: Müller, Jannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our project offers an alternative approach to the sensory perception of the Schrödinger equation (an elementary model of quantum phenomena) by interpreting it as a sound wave. We are building a synthesizer plugin that simulates a quantum mechanical state that evolves over time. Thus, our tool allows the creation of unique sounds that are in motion and feel alive. These can be used in professional music production without any knowledge of physics, while at the same time providing insight into a chapter of quantum mechanics. The goal is to lower the threshold for entering complex theory by first developing an intuition for the subject; but the tool can also be used purely as a musical instrument. The user is encouraged, but not forced, to learn more about the underlying physics. Simulation parameters are adjustable in real-time, allowing intuitive experimentation. Despite the approximate calculations, real physical effects such as quantum tunneling can be observed acoustically and visually.
Electronic correlations, Jahn-Teller distortions and Mott transition to superconductivity in alkali-C60 compounds
Creators: name: Alloul, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery in 1991 of high temperature superconductivity (SC) in A3C60 compounds, where A is an alkali ion, has been rapidly ascribed to a BCS mechanism, in which the pairing is mediated by on ball optical phonon modes. While this has lead to consider that electronic correlations were not important in these compounds, further studies of various AnC60 with n=1, 2, 4 allowed to evidence that their electronic properties cannot be explained by a simple progressive band filling of the C60 six-fold degenerate t1u molecular level. This could only be ascribed to the simultaneous influence of electron correlations and Jahn-Teller Distortions (JTD) of the C60 ball, which energetically favour evenly charged C60 molecules. This is underlined by the recent discovery of two expanded fulleride Cs3C60 isomeric phases which are Mott insulators at ambient pressure. Both phases undergo a pressure induced first order Mott transition to SC with a (p, T) phase diagram displaying a dome shaped SC, a common situation encountered nowadays in correlated electron systems. NMR experiments allowed us to study the magnetic properties of the Mott phases and to evidence clear deviations from BCS expectations near the Mott transition. So, although SC involves an electron-phonon mechanism, the incidence of electron correlations has an importance on the electronic properties, as had been anticipated from DMFT calculations.
description: Small review article 10 pages, 12 figures. Talk given at the 2011 Eurasia-Pacific Summer School and Conference on Correlated Electrons, in Tutunc (Turkey)
Negotiating cancer preventative health behaviours and adapting to motherhood: the role of technology in supporting positive health behaviours
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancer prevention
health inequalities
motherhood
identity
technological intervention

description: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Purpose: Across the UK and USA, postpartum smoking relapse rates are high, and rates of breastfeeding and physical activity are low. This project aimed to explore these interrelated health behaviours and technology use, for intervention development to support postpartum cancer prevention. Methods: Focus groups and interviews with 26 purposively selected women (15 in Vermont, USA and 11 in Norfolk, UK). Recruitment was from deprived areas experiencing multiple disadvantage. Qualitative data were thematically analysed from dual cultural perspectives, underpinned by the social ecological model. Results: Women negotiate interrelated lifestyle behaviours as part of managing an identity in transition, moving through stages of disturbance, adaptation, acceptance and integration towards “becoming” a new Mother. Technology was integral to women’s process of engagement with mothering identities. Intersectionality underpins complex patterns of interrelated behaviour. Conclusions: There is scope to improve electronic/digital support for postpartum women cross-nationally to promote interrelated cancer-preventative lifestyle behaviours. Abbreviations CDC: Center for Disease Control, US; PA: Physical activity; SES: Socioeconomic status; SVI: Social Vulnerability Index; UK: UK; US: USA; WIC: Women infants and children office.
Investigating the reflection contribution to the X-ray emission of Ton S180
Creators: name: Nardini, E.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Walton, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is now growing evidence that the soft X-ray excess is almost ubiquitous among unobscured active galaxies. In spite of the various interpretations that have been considered in the last years, the nature of this foremost spectral feature is not firmly established yet. In this context, we review from a reflection perspective the three highest-quality X-ray observations of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Tonantzintla S180, obtained by XMM-Newton and Suzaku. The X-ray spectrum of Ton S180 shows only moderate variations over a time span of several years, suggesting that the same physical process accounts for the bulk of the broad-band X-ray emission at the different epochs, and that the properties of the X-ray source are fairly stable. We have successfully applied in our spectral analysis a dual-reflector model, consisting of two separate components: one arises from the surface of the accretion disc, is highly ionized and blurred by relativistic effects; the other is cold, quite faint, and can be associated with a distant reprocessor. Due to the strength and the nearly power-law shape of its soft excess emission, Ton S180 is one of the most challenging sources to test the X-ray reflection scenario. In this work we provide a clear illustration of the great potential and spectral flexibility of blurred reflection models, while discussing some of their current limitations and possible shortcomings.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Log-concavity of asymptotic multigraded Hilbert series
Creators: name: McCabe, Adam
name: Smith, Gregory G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E40, 13D40, 52B20

description: We study the linear map sending the numerator of the rational function representing the Hilbert series of a module to that of its r-th Veronese submodule. We show that the asymptotic behaviour as r tends to infinity depends on the multidegree of the module and the underlying positively multigraded polynomial ring. More importantly, we give a polyhedral description for the asymptotic polynomial and prove that the coefficients are log-concave. In particular, we extend some results by Beck-Stapledon and Diaconis-Fulman beyond the standard graded situation.
description: 9 pages
Non-Paraxial Wave Analysis of 3D Airy Beams
Creators: name: Kaganovsky, Y.
name: Heyman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3D Airy beam (AiB) is thoroughly explored from a wave-theory point of view. We utilize the exact spectral integral for the AiB to derive local ray-based solutions that do not suffer from the limitations of the conventional parabolic equation (PE) solution, and are valid far beyond the paraxial zone and for longer ranges. The ray topology near the main lobe of the AiB delineates a hyperbolic umilic diffraction catastrophe, consisting of a cusped double-layered caustic, but this caustic is deformed in the far range where the field loses its beam shape. The field in the vicinity of this caustic is described uniformly by a hyperbolic umilic canonical integral which is structured explicitly on the local geometry of the caustic as obtained from the initial field distribution. In order to accommodate the finite-energy AiB we also modify the canonical integral by adding a complex loss parameter. The canonical integral is calculated using a series expansion and the results are used to identify the validity zone of the conventional PE solution. The analysis is performed within the framework of the non-dispersive AiB where the aperture field is scaled with frequency such that the ray skeleton is frequency-independent. This scaling enables an extension of the theory to the ultra wide band (UWB) regime and ensures that the pulsed field propagates along the curved beam trajectory without dispersion, as will be demonstrated in a subsequent publication.
Symmetry energy and neutron-proton radii studies with a Wigner-Heisenberg monopole-monopole interaction
Creators: name: Mekjian, Aram
name: Zamick, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetry energy in nuclei is studied using a monopole-monopole two boby interaction which has an isospin dependent term. A Hartree theory is developed for this interaction which has an oscillator shell model basis with corresponding shell structure. The role of shell structure on the symmetry energy is then studied. We also find that the strength of the Heisenberg interaction is very important for understanding the difference between proton and neutron radii and features associated with halo nuclei. PACS numbers: 21.10.Sf, 21.65Cd, 21.65Ef
description: 1 table, i figure
Log-Gamma polymer free energy fluctuations via a Fredholm determinant identity
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Corwin, Ivan
name: Remenik, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that under n^{1/3} scaling, the limiting distribution as n goes to infinity of the free energy of Seppalainen's log-Gamma discrete directed polymer is GUE Tracy-Widom. The main technical innovation we provide is a general identity between a class of n-fold contour integrals and a class of Fredholm determinants. Applying this identity to the integral formula proved in [Corwin-O'Connell-Seppalainen-Zygouras] for the Laplace transform of the log-Gamma polymer partition function, we arrive at a Fredholm determinant which lends itself to asymptotic analysis (and thus yields the free energy limit theorem). The Fredholm determinant was anticipated in [Borodin-Corwin] via the formalism of Macdonald processes yet its rigorous proof was so far lacking because of the nontriviality of certain decay estimates required by that approach.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Spectral variability of photospheric radiation due to faculae II: Facular contrasts for cool main-sequence stars
Creators: name: Norris, Charlotte M.
name: Unruh, Yvonne C.
name: Witzke, Veronika
name: Solanki, Sami K.
name: Krivova, Natalie A.
name: Shapiro, Alexander I.
name: Cameron, Robert
name: Beeck, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic features on the surface of stars, such as spots and faculae, cause stellar spectral variability on time-scales of days and longer. For stars other than the Sun, the spectral signatures of faculae are poorly understood, limiting our ability to account for stellar pollution in exoplanet transit observations. Here we present the first facular contrasts derived from magnetoconvection simulations for K0, M0 and M2 main-sequence stars and compare them to previous calculations for G2 main-sequence stars. We simulate photospheres and immediate subsurface layers of main-sequence spectral types between K0 and M2, with different injected vertical magnetic fields (0 G, 100 G, 300 G and 500 G) using MURaM, a 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamics code. We show synthetic spectra and contrasts from the UV (300 nm) to the IR (10000 nm) calculated using the ATLAS9 radiative transfer code. The calculations are performed for nine viewing angles to characterise the facular radiation across the disc. The brightness contrasts of magnetic regions are found to change significantly across spectral type, wavelength and magnetic field strength, leading to the conclusion that accurate contrasts cannot be found by scaling solar values. This is due to features of different size, apparent structure and spectral brightness emerging in the presence of a given magnetic field for different spectral types.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, to be published in MNRAS
Equiprobable discrete models of site-specific substitution rates underestimate the extent of rate variability
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Algorithms
Amino Acid Substitution
Evolution, Molecular
Likelihood Functions
Models, Genetic
Mutation Rate
Phylogeny
Sequence Alignment
Sequence Analysis, DNA

description: © 2020 Mannino et al. It is standard practice to model site-to-site variability of substitution rates by discretizing a continuous distribution into a small number, K, of equiprobable rate categories. We demonstrate that the variance of this discretized distribution has an upper bound determined solely by the choice of K and the mean of the distribution. This bound can introduce biases into statistical inference, especially when estimating parameters governing site-to-site variability of substitution rates. Applications to two large collections of sequence alignments demonstrate that this upper bound is often reached in analyses of real data. When parameter estimation is of primary interest, additional rate categories or more flexible modeling methods should be considered.
Open to interpretation : Métis histories at the Royal Alberta Museum
Creators: name: Kienholz, Jennifer Joanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In museums, teams of skilled professionals are working to turn museological theory and ethical standards into practice. When faced with contested histories and often-conflicting perspectives, curators and educators must balance their guiding principles and mandates with the practical demands of public representation. By investigating the work of the people responsible for this process at the Royal Alberta Museum, I explore how appropriate museology is practiced using the example of Métis history in Canada. The representation of contrasting histories within adjacent but isolated spaces results in a rift between curatorial intentions and public comprehension; however, in the spaces between exhibits—within practical limitations—there is room to encourage visitors to make critical connections. In this thesis, I emphasize the need for museum professionals to create holistic museum experiences out of disparate exhibits.
Effects of 3-d and 4-d-transition metal substitutional impurities on the electronic properties of CrO2
Creators: name: Williams, M. E.
name: Sims, H.
name: Mazumdar, D.
name: Butler, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles based density functional theory calculations of the electronic and magnetic structure of CrO2 with 3d (Ti through Cu) and 4d (Zr through Ag) substitutional impurities. We find that the half-metallicity of CrO2 remains intact for all of the calculated substitutions. We also observe two periodic trends as a function of the number of valence electrons: if the substituted atom has six or fewer valence electrons (Ti-Cr or Zr-Mo), the number of down spin electrons associated with the impurity ion is zero, resulting in ferromagnetic (FM) alignment of the impurity magnetic moment with the magnetization of the CrO2 host. For substituent atoms with eight to ten (Fe-Ni or Ru-Pd with the exception of Ni), the number of down spin electrons contributed by the impurity ion remains fixed at three as the number contributed to the majority increases from one to three resulting in antiferromagnetic (AFM) alignment between impurity moment and host magnetization. The origin of this variation is the grouping of the impurity states into 3 states with approximate "t2g" symmetry and 2 states with approximate "eg" symmetry. Ni is an exception to the rule because a Jahn-Teller-like distortion causes a splitting of the Ni eg states. For Mn and Tc, which have 8 valence electrons, the zero down spin and 3 down spin configurations are very close in energy. For Cu and Ag atoms, which have 11 valence electrons, the energy is minimized when the substituent ion contributes 5 Abstract down-spin electrons. We find that the interatomic exchange interactions are reduced for all substitutions except for the case of Fe for which a modest enhancement is calculated for interactions along certain crystallographic directions.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Development of the febrile response to pyrogens in the foetal and newborn lamb
Creators: name: Pittman, Quentin J.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: QL 737 U5 P56 1976 Microfiche
subject: Ewes
subject: Fever
subject: Pyrogens

description: Bibliography: p. 150-183.
Loosely coherent searches for sets of well-modeled signals
Creators: name: Dergachev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a high-performance implementation of a loosely coherent statistic sensitive to signals spanning a finite-dimensional manifold in parameter space. Results from full scale simulations on Gaussian noise are discussed, as well as implications for future searches for continuous gravitational waves. We demonstrate an improvement of more than an order of magnitude in analysis speed over previously available algorithms. As searches for continuous gravitational waves are computationally limited, the large speedup results in gain in sensitivity.
Classifying IGR J15038-6021 as a magnetic CV with a massive white dwarf
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Kumar, Snehaa Ganesh
name: Coughenour, Benjamin M.
name: Shaw, Aarran W.
name: Mukai, Koji
name: Hare, Jeremy
name: Clavel, Maica
name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Fornasini, Francesca M.
name: Gerber, Julian
name: Joens, Alyson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cataclysmic variables (CVs) are binary systems consisting of a white dwarf (WD) accreting matter from a companion star. Observations of CVs provide an opportunity to learn about accretion disks, the physics of compact objects, classical novae, and the evolution of the binary and the WD that may ultimately end in a type Ia supernova (SN). As type Ia SNe involve a WD reaching the Chandrasekhar limit or merging WDs, WD mass measurements are particularly important for elucidating the path from CV to type Ia SN. For intermediate polar (IP) type CVs, the WD mass is related to the bremsstrahlung temperature of material in the accretion column, which typically peaks at X-ray energies. Thus, the IPs with the strongest hard X-ray emission, such as those discovered by the INTEGRAL satellite, are expected to have the highest masses. Here, we report on XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and optical observations of IGR J15038-6021. We find an X-ray periodicity of 1678+/-2s, which we interpret as the WD spin period. From fitting the 0.3-79 keV spectrum with a model that uses the relationship between the WD mass and the post-shock temperature, we measure a WD mass of 1.36+0.04-0.11 Msun. This follows an earlier study of IGR J14091-6108, which also has a WD with a mass approaching the Chandrasekhar limit. We demonstrate that these are both outliers among IPs in having massive WDs and discuss the results in the context of WD mass studies as well as the implications for WD mass evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Thin shells in Einstein-Born-Infeld theory
Creators: name: Eiroa, Ernesto F.
name: Simeone, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization and mechanical stability of charged thin shells with spherical symmetry are analyzed in the context of Einstein-Born-Infeld theory. The study of stability is performed by considering linearized perturbations preserving the symmetry of the static configurations. It is found that as the charge increases, the shells can be stable for a wider range of the parameters.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; prepared for the proceedings of ERE2011
Double SSA Spectrum and Magnetic Field Strength of the FSRQ 3C 454.3
Creators: name: Jeong, Hyeon-Woo
name: Lee, Sang-Sung
name: Cheong, Whee Yeon
name: Kim, Jae-Young
name: Lee, Jee Won
name: Kang, Sincheol
name: Kim, Sang-Hyun
name: Rani, B.
name: Park, Jongho
name: Gurwell, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a radio multi-frequency ($\rm 3-340~GHz$) study of the blazar 3C~454.3. After subtracting the quiescent spectrum corresponding to optically thin emission, we found two individual synchrotron self-absorption (SSA) features in the wide-band spectrum. The one SSA had a relatively low turnover frequency ($ν_{\rm m}$) in the range of $\rm 3-37~GHz$ (lower $ν_{\rm m}$ SSA spectrum, LSS), and the other one had a relatively high $ν_{\rm m}$ of $\rm 55-124~GHz$ (higher $ν_{\rm m}$ SSA spectrum, HSS). Using the SSA parameters, we estimated magnetic field strengths at the surface where optical depth $τ=1$. The estimated magnetic field strengths were $\rm >7~mG$ and $\rm >0.2~mG$ for the LSS and HSS, respectively. The LSS emitting region was magnetically dominated before the June 2014 $γ$-ray flare. The quasi-stationary component (C), $\sim 0.6~{\rm mas}$ apart from the 43 GHz radio core, became brighter than the core with decreasing observing frequency, and we found that component C was related to the LSS. A decrease in jet width was found near component C. As a moving component, K14 approached component C, and the flux density of the component was enhanced while the angular size decreased. The high intrinsic brightness temperature in the fluid frame was obtained as $T_{\rm B, int} \approx (7.0\pm1.0) \times 10^{11}~{\rm K}$ from the jet component after the 2015 August $γ$-ray flare, suggesting that component C is a high-energy emitting region. The observed local minimum of jet width and re-brightening behavior suggest a possible recollimation shock in component C.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tilted black hole accretion disc models of Sagittarius A*: time-variable millimetre to near-infrared emission
Creators: name: Dexter, Jason
name: Fragile, P. Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution, multi-wavelength, and time-domain observations of the Galactic centre black hole candidate, Sgr A*, allow for a direct test of contemporary accretion theory. To date, all models have assumed alignment between the accretion disc and black hole angular momentum axes, but this is unjustified for geometrically thick accretion flows like that onto Sgr A*. Instead, we calculate images and spectra from a set of simulations of accretion flows misaligned ('tilted') by 15 degrees from the black hole spin axis and compare them with millimetre (mm) to near-infrared (NIR) observations. Non-axisymmetric standing shocks from eccentric fluid orbits dominate the emission, leading to a wide range of possible image morphologies. These effects invalidate previous parameter estimates from model fitting, including estimates of the dimensionless black hole spin, except possibly at low values of spin or tilt. At 1.3mm, the images have crescent morphologies, and the black hole shadow may still be accessible to future mm-VLBI observations. Shock heating leads to high energy electrons (T > 10^12 K), which can naturally produce the observed NIR flux, spectral index, and rapid variability ('flaring'). This NIR emission is uncorrelated with that in the mm, which also agrees with observations. These are the first models to self-consistently explain the time-variable mm to NIR emission of Sgr A*. Predictions of the model include significant structural changes observable with mm-VLBI on both the dynamical (hour) and Lense-Thirring precession (day-year) timescales; and ~30-50 microarcsecond changes in centroid position from extreme gravitational lensing events during NIR flares, detectable with the future VLT instrument GRAVITY. If the observed NIR emission is caused by shock heating in a tilted accretion disc, then the Galactic centre black hole has a positive, non-zero spin parameter (a > 0).
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, submitted to MNRAS; for movies and version with high-res figures see http://astro.berkeley.edu/~jdexter/tiltedsgra
Comparison of H2S Gas Sensors: A Sensor Management Procedure for Sewer Monitoring
Creators: name: Pacheco Fernández, Micaela
name: Despot, Daneish
name: Barjenbruch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: air quality monitoring
subject: decision making tool
subject: gas sensors
subject: hydrogen sulphide
subject: sewer systems

description: Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emissions are one of the major problems associated with sewer networks. This gas, with its characteristic smell of rotten eggs is highly toxic and leads to the corrosion of sewer infrastructures. To protect cities and ensure the safety of sewer workers, sewers are commonly monitored using H2S gas sensors. In this work, three commercial H2S gas sensors for air quality monitoring were compared at two different sites in Berlin, Germany. Two of the sensors provide online access to data, while the other one is a data logger. Moreover, based on statistical measures (RMSE, MAE, MB, and a graphical analysis), we evaluated whether a rotation/exchange between data logger (reference) and online sensors is possible without significant differences in the gas measurements. Experimental evaluation revealed that measurement differences are dependent on the H2S concentration range. The deviation between sensors increases as the H2S concentration rises. Therefore, the interchange between reference and online sensors depends on the application site and the H2S levels. At lower ranges (0–10 ppm) there were no observed problems. Finally, to support practitioners on-site, a management procedure in the form of a decision-making tool is proposed for assessing whether gas sensors should be exchanged/rotated.
Mapping Research Topics on Mobile Banking in Sharia and Conventional Financial Institutions: VOSviewer Bibliometric Study and Literature Review
Creators: name: Arkaan, Dhiya Ulhaq
name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This study aims to determine the development of research around Mobile Banking in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions. The research was conducted from 2004 to 2022, by searching national journals indexed by Sinta via the Garuda website, with the keyword "Mobile Banking". Based on the search results, there were 338 research articles, then inputted into the VOSviewer application and analyzed descriptively through a literature review study. The results showed that the number of publications had increased significantly every year. Furthermore, based on the results detected using the VOSviewer application, research related to Mobile Banking is divided into 6 clusters and 151 items. Meanwhile, based on the results of a literature review study, there are 4 main themes related to Mobile Banking in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions.
TRPA1 modulation by piperidine carboxamides suggests an evolutionarily conserved binding site and gating mechanism
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: TRPA1
agonist
binding
gating

description: © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel functions as an irritant sensor and is a therapeutic target for treating pain, itch, and respiratory diseases. As a ligand-gated channel, TRPA1 can be activated by electrophilic compounds such as allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) through covalent modification or activated by noncovalent agonists through ligand binding. However, how covalent modification leads to channel opening and, importantly, how noncovalent binding activates TRPA1 are not well-understood. Here we report a class of piperidine carboxamides (PIPCs) as potent, noncovalent agonists of human TRPA1. Based on their species-specific effects on human and rat channels, we identified residues critical for channel activation; we then generated binding modes for TRPA1–PIPC interactions using structural modeling, molecular docking, and mutational analysis. We show that PIPCs bind to a hydrophobic site located at the interface of the pore helix 1 (PH1) and S5 and S6 transmembrane segments. Interestingly, this binding site overlaps with that of known allosteric modulators, such as A-967079 and propofol. Similar binding sites, involving π-helix rearrangements on S6, have been recently reported for other TRP channels, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved mechanism. Finally, we show that for PIPC analogs, predictions from computational modeling are consistent with experimental structure–activity studies, thereby suggesting strategies for rational drug design.
AGN and Megamasers
Creators: name: Tarchi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminous extragalactic masers are traditionally referred to as the `megamasers'. Those produced by water molecules are associated with accretion disks, radio jets, or outflows in the nuclear regions of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The majority of OH maser sources are instead driven by intense star formation in ultra-luminous infrared galaxies, although in a few cases the OH maser emission traces rotating (toroidal or disk) structures around the nuclear engines of AGN. Thus, detailed maser studies provide a fundamental contribution to our knowledge of the main nuclear components of AGN, constitute unique tools to measure geometric distances of host galaxies, and have a great impact on probing the, so far, paradigmatic Unified Model of AGN.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, invited review to appear in Proc. IAU 287 "Cosmic Masers: from OH to H_0", R.S. Booth, E.M.L. Humphreys and W.H.T. Vlemmings, eds
Temperature anomalies of oscillating diffusion in ac-driven periodic systems
Creators: name: Marchenko, I. G.
name: Aksenova, V.
name: Marchenko, I. I.
name: Łuczka, J.
name: Spiechowicz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the impact of temperature on the diffusion coefficient of an inertial Brownian particle moving in a symmetric periodic potential and driven by a symmetric time-periodic force. Recent studies have revealed the low friction regime in which the diffusion coefficient shows giant damped quasi-periodic oscillations as a function of the amplitude of the time-periodic force [I. G. Marchenko et al., Chaos 32, 113106 (2022)]. We find out that when temperature grows the diffusion coefficient increases at its minima, however, it decreases at the maxima within a finite temperature window. This curious behavior is explained in terms of the deterministic dynamics perturbed by thermal fluctuations and mean residence time of the particle in the locked and running trajectories. We demonstrate that temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient can be accurately reconstructed from the stationary probability to occupy the running trajectories.
description: in press in Phys. Rev. E
Star formation in dense clusters
Creators: name: Myers, Philip C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of core-clump accretion with equally likely stopping describes star formation in the dense parts of clusters, where models of isolated collapsing cores may not apply. Each core accretes at a constant rate onto its protostar, while the surrounding clump gas accretes as a power of protostar mass. Short accretion flows resemble Shu accretion, and make low-mass stars. Long flows resemble reduced Bondi accretion and make massive stars. Accretion stops due to environmental processes of dynamical ejection, gravitational competition, and gas dispersal by stellar feedback, independent of initial core structure. The model matches the field star IMF from 0.01 to more than 10 solar masses. The core accretion rate and the mean accretion duration set the peak of the IMF, independent of the local Jeans mass. Massive protostars require the longest accretion durations, up to 0.5 Myr. The maximum protostar luminosity in a cluster indicates the mass and age of its oldest protostar. The distribution of protostar luminosities matches those in active star-forming regions if protostars have a constant birthrate but not if their births are coeval. For constant birthrate, the ratio of YSOs to protostars indicates the star-forming age of a cluster, typically ~1 Myr. The protostar accretion luminosity is typically less than its steady spherical value by a factor of ~2, consistent with models of episodic disk accretion.
description: accepted for publication by Astrophysical Journal
MRI-derived bone porosity index correlates to bone composition and mechanical stiffness
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Bone biomechanics
Bone stiffness
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
Near infrared spectral imaging
Porosity index
Ultrashort echo time

description: © 2019 The Author(s) The MRI-derived porosity index (PI) is a non-invasively obtained biomarker based on an ultrashort echo time sequence that images both bound and pore water protons in bone, corresponding to water bound to organic collagenous matrix and freely moving water, respectively. This measure is known to strongly correlate with the actual volumetric cortical bone porosity. However, it is unknown whether PI may also be able to directly quantify bone organic composition and/or mechanical properties. We investigated this in human cadaveric tibiae by comparing PI values to near infrared spectral imaging (NIRSI) compositional data and mechanical compression data. Data were obtained from a cohort of eighteen tibiae from male and female donors with a mean ± SD age of 70 ± 21 years. Biomechanical stiffness in compression and NIRSI-derived collagen and bound water content all had significant inverse correlations with PI (r = −0.79, −0.73, and −0.95 and p = 0.002, 0.007, and <0.001, respectively). The MRI-derived bone PI alone was a moderate predictor of bone stiffness (R2 = 0.63, p = 0.002), and multivariate analyses showed that neither cortical bone cross-sectional area nor NIRSI values improved bone stiffness prediction compared to PI alone. However, NIRSI-obtained collagen and water data together were a moderate predictor of bone stiffness (R2 = 0.52, p = 0.04). Our data validates the MRI-derived porosity index as a strong predictor of organic composition of bone and a moderate predictor of bone stiffness, and also provides preliminary evidence that NIRSI measures may be useful in future pre-clinical studies on bone pathology.
Integrative systematics and ecology of a new deep-sea family of tanaidacean crustaceans
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Anatomy, Comparative
subject: Animal Distribution
subject: Animal Population Groups
subject: Animals
subject: Atlantic Ocean
subject: Crustacea
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pacific Ocean
subject: Phylogeny
subject: Physiology, Comparative
subject: Principal Component Analysis
subject: Species Specificity

description: © 2019, The Author(s). A new family of paratanaoidean Tanaidacea – Paranarthrurellidae fam. nov. – is erected to accommodate two genera without family classification (Paratanaoidea incertae sedis), namely Armatognathia Kudinova-Pasternak, 1987 and Paranarthrurella Lang, 1971. Seven new species of Paranarthrurella and two of Armatognathia are described from material taken in different deep-sea areas of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. The type species of Paranarthrurella — P. caudata (Kudinova-Pasternak, 1965) — is redescribed based on the paratype. The genus Cheliasetosatanais Larsen and Araújo-Silva, 2014 originally classified within Colletteidae is synonymised with Paranarthrurella, and Arthrura shiinoi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1973 is transferred to Armatognathia. Amended diagnoses of Armatognathia and Paranarthrurella genera are given. Choosing characters for distinguishing and defining both genera was supported by Principal Component Analysis. Designation of the new family is supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis of COI and 18S datasets. The distribution of all species currently included in the new family was visualised and their bathymetric distribution analysed.
Experimental determination of the H2S mass transfer coefficient across the liquid–gas interface in gravity sewers
Creators: name: Pacheco Fernández, Micaela
name: Barjenbruch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik::660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: hydrogen sulphide
subject: liquid–gas interface
subject: mass transfer coefficient
subject: odour
subject: sewers

description: Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emissions in sewer systems lead to several problems such as corrosion, odour nuisances, and health damage to sewer workers. Although the gas is formed in the liquid phase, its effects are noticeable when released into the sewer atmosphere. Until recently, the lack of analytical procedures for continuous monitoring of H2S in the liquid phase, as well as its toxicity, have challenged the quantification of the mass transfer coefficient under real conditions. Because of this, most studies have mainly focused on batch experiments with artificial wastewater and/or oxygen. The aim of this study was to experimentally determine the overall mass transfer coefficient for H2S during intermittent pumping events common in actual sewer systems, using the two-film theory approach and employing online sensors for liquid and gas phase measurements. The mass transfer coefficient was quantified by carrying out 21 experiments with actual wastewater in a 25 m long gravity pipe of a sewer pilot plant located in Berlin (Germany). Results show that the corrected mass transfer coefficient (KLa20) during a pumping event ranged between 0.1 and 8 h−1 with a median value of 4.2 h−1, within the range of the results obtained by the most common empirical models.
A study of the high-inclination population in the Kuiper belt -- IV. High-order mean motion resonances in the classical region
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Lawler, S. M.
name: Lei, Hanlun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous study of Neptune's 4:7 mean motion resonance (MMR), we discovered that its resonant angle can only librate within a specific eccentricity ($e$) versus inclination ($i$) region, determined by a theoretical limiting curve curve (Li et al. 2020). This ``permissible region'' is independent of time and encompasses the entire possible stable region. We now generalize this theory to investigate all high-order MMRs embedded in the main classical Kuiper belt (MCKB). We first consider the 2nd-order 3:5 MMR in the framework of planet migration and resonance capture, and have further validated our limiting curve theory for both captured and observed 3:5 resonators. It suggests that only the $(e, i)$ pairs inside the individual permissible regions should be chosen as initial conditions for studying the in-situ evolution of high-order resonators. With such a new setting, we proceed to explore the long-term stability (for 4 Gyr) of different resonant populations, and our simulations predict that: (1) the 3:5 and 4:7 resonators are comparable in number, and they could have inclinations up to $40^{\circ}$; (2) the populations of objects in the higher order 5:9, 6:11, 7:12 and 7:13 resonances is about 1/10 of the 3:5 (or 4:7) resonator population, and nearly all of them are found on the less inclined orbits with $i<10^{\circ}$; (3) for these high-order resonances, almost all resonators reside in their individual permissible regions. In summary, our results make predictions for the number and orbital distributions of potential resonant objects that will be discovered in the future throughout the MCKB.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Neutron-${}^3$H scattering above the four-nucleon breakup threshold
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
name: Fonseca, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The four-body equations of Alt, Grassberger and Sandhas are solved for the neutron-${}^3$H scattering at energies above the four-nucleon breakup threshold. The accuracy and practical applicability of the employed complex energy method is significantly improved by the use of integration with the special weights. This allows to obtain fully converged results with realistic nuclear interactions. A satisfactory description of the existing neutron-${}^3$H elastic scattering data is obtained.
description: 5 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures, submitted to PRC
Colour Decompositions of Multi-quark One-loop QCD Amplitudes
Creators: name: Ita, Harald
name: Ozeren, Kemal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the decomposition of one-loop QCD amplitudes in terms of colour-ordered building blocks. We give new expressions for the coefficients of QCD colour structures in terms of ordered objects called primitive amplitudes, for processes with up to seven partons. These results are needed in computations of high-multiplicity scattering cross sections in next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD. We explain the origin of new relations between multi-quark primitive amplitudes which can be used to optimise efficiency of NLO computations. As a first application we compute the full-colour virtual contribution to the cross section for W+4-jet production at the Large Hadron Collider, and verify that it is very well approximated by keeping only the leading terms in an expansion around the formal limit of a large number of colours.
description: 39 pages