cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Patterns and Consequences of Parasitism in North American Red Squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)
Creators: name: Patterson, Jesse
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Parasitology
subject: red squirrel, fleas, endoparasites, life-history, reproductive success

description: Parasites are ubiquitous in nature and, by definition, impose harm on their hosts. The degree of harm is dependent upon many factors, such as co-evolutionary history, host immunity, and the magnitude of infection. Hosts must balance the costs of parasitism with investment in growth, development, and reproduction in order to maximize their fitness. As such, certain host traits may make certain individuals more susceptible to parasitism, which may affect observed patterns and costs of parasitism. For this thesis, I explored the patterns and consequences of parasitism using meta-analytical, experimental, and correlative approaches. Red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) were used to explore hypotheses in a wild host population. I found that several host traits affected patterns of parasitism. Group size scaled positively with parasite infection intensity and prevalence across a wide-breadth of vertebrate species in a meta-analysis, but only for parasites that were contact transmitted. Adult male red squirrels had higher flea infection intensities than females, but only when reproductively active and only as adults. Juveniles at birth had the highest flea intensities than at any other life-history stage. Nematodes had higher egg-shedding intensities in reproductively active hosts than in non-reproductive hosts, possibly owing to a trade-off between reproductive investment and immunity. The costs incurred by hosts appeared to be linked to the patterns of parasitism. For instance, through ectoparasite removal experiments, I found that parasitized juvenile red squirrels were lighter at emergence and less likely to survive from birth to emergence than their treated counterparts. Similarly, treated mothers spent significantly less time grooming than parasitized controls. The intensity of nematode egg shedding, but not flea intensity, was correlated with adult red squirrel body mass, suggesting a possible cost of endoparasitism to host condition. Finally, parasitism varied across time, suggesting that the costs of parasitism may vary seasonally. My results indicate that parasites are distributed heterogeneously amongst their hosts, that parasites can alter the fitness and behaviour of their hosts, and that parasites, ultimately, have the potential to influence host life-histories and demography.
Sensitivity Dependent Chance Constrained Programming for Uncertainty in Power System Planning
Creators: name: Manickavasagam, Monishaa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Chance Constrained Programming
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Power System Planning

description: This thesis develops iterative algorithms for solving joint Chance Constrained Programming (CCP) based stochastic problems in power system planning. A generation expansion problem with load uncertainty is formulated as joint CCP and solved by incorporating sensitivity in the iterative algorithms. These algorithms exploit the characteristics and the response of the system with respect to the variations in the load. The buses in the system are classified according to its stress level and depending on contribution of each bus to the system reliability, it is treated uniquely in the iterative algorithm. By employing sensitivity, a few mathematical challenges in solving joint CCP problem is addressed and also optimal expansion solutions are obtained due to the correct estimation of the uncertain load. The IEEE 30- and 118- bus test systems are used to demonstrate the algorithms and results from the proposed algorithms are compared with the other existing algorithms for solving the joint CCP problem.
Regularity-Preserving Terrain Simplification For Faster Line-of-Sight
Creators: name: Alderson, Troy
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science
subject: Line-of-sight
subject: Terrain simplification
subject: Multiresolution
subject: Subdivision
subject: Reverse subdivision

description: Three-dimensional terrain models play a key role in many applications. Line-of-sight queries, which are important operations in some applications (e.g. battlefield simulations), test whether or not two entities can see each other over the terrain. Given enough entities and a large enough terrain, computing these queries can be expensive. Terrain simplification can be used to speed up the queries, with a penalty to accuracy. To take advantage of the especially fast algorithms that exist for regular terrain models, we introduce regularity-preserving terrain simplification methods based on reverse subdivision and examine their effect on query accuracy. Furthermore, we develop a novel feature preserving reverse subdivision scheme that attempts to improve query accuracy over the pre-existing methods. Additionally, we have examined the problem of where entities should be located after terrain simplification to maximize accuracy. Using iterative methods that attempt to maximize accuracy, we show that room for improvement exists over the standard projection method. Then, we develop practical relocation methods designed to maximize accuracy over regular simplified terrain models, the first taking a hybrid approach between projection and no relocation and the second using residual vectors to map entities onto the simplified terrain. Accuracy improvements over these basic methods can be achieved by making use of the iterative methods in a pseudo-optimization pre-processing step. Finally, we introduce a practical line-of-sight algorithm based on hierarchies of simplified terrains that is both fast and accurate. Our approach combines two existing algorithms, using each of their strengths to achieve highly efficient line-of-sight queries in local areas.
On some extremal problems in spaces of harmonic functions
Creators: name: Arsenovic, Milos
name: Shamoyan, Romi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D45

description: We give solutions to some extremal problems involving distance function in mixed norm spaces of harmonic functions on the unit ball of R^n
Business Partnering As A Complement To Accountant'S Other Roles: International Survey Evidence
Creators: name: Cooper, Philip
name: Dart, Eleanor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Accountant's Activities
Role change
Business Partnering

description: Cases involving change towards a more strongly business-oriented, or business partnering, role for accountants have been documented but evidence of the extent of such change more widely is sparse and indicates limited adoption of the role in practice.  Extending the approach of Mouritsen (1996) based on the importance attached to accountants’ activities and using data from an international survey of over 3,000 professionally qualified management accountants, it is found that the importance of activities associated with this role is widely recognised, but only as part of a mix of other services provided by accountants.  Furthermore, the importance of business partnering activities varies dependent on characteristics of the firm and the accountant, which we interpret in terms of selective adoption of the role driven by institutional factors, such as isomorphic pressure, operational complexity and the ability to resource business partnering after meeting priority demands for other services, and the propensity of the individual accountant to perform the role.  Thus, understanding of the development of a more business-oriented role for accountants should recognise its complementarity to other services demanded of the finance function and the conditions that support its practice by the individual accountant.
Unsupervised Machine Learning to Classify the Confinement of Waves in Periodic Superstructures
Creators: name: Kozoň, Marek
name: Schrijver, Rutger
name: Schlottbom, Matthias
name: van der Vegt, Jaap J. W.
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We employ unsupervised machine learning to enhance the accuracy of our recently presented scaling method for wave confinement analysis [1]. We employ the standard k-means++ algorithm as well as our own model-based algorithm. We investigate cluster validity indices as a means to find the correct number of confinement dimensionalities to be used as an input to the clustering algorithms. Subsequently, we analyze the performance of the two clustering algorithms when compared to the direct application of the scaling method without clustering. We find that the clustering approach provides more physically meaningful results, but may struggle with identifying the correct set of confinement dimensionalities. We conclude that the most accurate outcome is obtained by first applying the direct scaling to find the correct set of confinement dimensionalities and subsequently employing clustering to refine the results. Moreover, our model-based algorithm outperforms the standard k-means++ clustering.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
Oblique surface waves at an interface of metal-dielectric superlattice and isotropic dielectric
Creators: name: Vukovic, Slobodan M.
name: Miret, Juan J.
name: Zapata-Rodriguez, Carlos J.
name: Jaksic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the existence and the dispersion characteristics of surface waves that propagate at an interface between metal-dielectric superlattice and isotropic dielectric. Within the long wavelength limit, when the effective-medium approximation is valid, the superlattice behaves like a uniaxial plasmonic crystal with the main optical axes perpendicular to the metal-dielectric interfaces. We demonstrate that if such a semi-infinite plasmonic crystal is cut normally to the layer interfaces and brought into the contact with semi-infinite dielectric, a new type of surface modes can appear. The propagation of such modes obliquely to the optical axes occurs under favorable conditions that regard thicknesses of the layers, as well as the proper choice of dielectric permittivity of the constituent materials. We show that losses within the metallic layers can be substantially reduced by making the layers sufficiently thin. At the same time, a dramatic enlargement of the range of angles for oblique propagation of the new surface modes is observed. This can lead, however, to the field non-locality and consequently to the failure of the effective-medium approximation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Perioperative risk factors for new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review
Creators: name: Seo, Eun Ji
name: Hong, Joonhwa
name: Lee, Hyeon-Ju
name: Son, Youn-Jung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The raw data of the significant continuous variables.
Additional file 10 of Differentiating migraine, cervicogenic headache and asymptomatic individuals based on physical examination findings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Anarte-Lazo, E.
name: Carvalho, G. F.
name: Schwarz, A.
name: Luedtke, K.
name: Falla, D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 10. Forest plots for meta-analysis and post-hoc sensitivity analysis concerning cervicogenic headache and asymptomatic individuals comparison.
Surface charge deposition by moving drops reduces contact angles
Creators: name: Li, Xiaomei
name: Ratschow, Aaron D.
name: Hardt, Steffen
name: Butt, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slide electrification - the spontaneous charge separation by sliding water drops - can lead to an electrostatic potential of 1 kV and change drop motion substantially. To find out, how slide electrification influences the contact angles of moving drops, we analyzed the dynamic contact angles of aqueous drops sliding down tilted plates with insulated surfaces, grounded surfaces, and while grounding the drop. The observed decrease in dynamic contact angles at different salt concentrations is attributed to two effects: An electrocapillary reduction of contact angles caused by drop charging and a change in the free surface energy of the solid due to surface charging.
Equation of State Based Thermal Compositional Reservoir Simulator for Hybrid Solvent/Thermal Processes
Creators: name: Heidari, Mohammadreza
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Reservoir Simulation
subject: Flash calculations
subject: Thermal processes
subject: Equation of State

description: In the earlier generations of thermal compositional simulators, several assumptions are used for representing the characteristics of dead oil and steam mixtures. The K-Value approach is used for phase splitting and equilibrium ratios are considered to be functions of only temperature and pressure. Phase properties such as density, enthalpy and internal energy are calculated from correlations using ideal solution assumption. Excess properties such as excess enthalpy and density and mutual solubility of water in oil phase and vice versa are neglected in such models. These assumptions may work well for simple fluid mixtures with pure steam injection but could produce false results in more complicated processes such as the hybrid processes involving injection of hydrocarbons with steam. In such processes, where a hydrocarbon is added to the steam, equilibrium ratios change with the variation of composition, and neglecting this effect may lead to thermodynamically inconsistent or wrong results. Solubility of water in oil phase increases with temperature and it could become significantly high in some cases. In this study, a new 3-D, fully implicit, equation of state (EOS) based thermal compositional simulator capable of modeling hybrid and thermal processes of heavy oil recovery was developed. By using an equation of state, our goal is to correctly model the thermodynamic and compositional effects on the phase behavior. Water is allowed to be soluble in all phases and mutual solubility of oil and water is taken into account in this simulator and its effect on the oil recovery can be investigated. Thermal expansion, fluid compressibility, solvent extraction, and steam distillation are calculated by an EOS based thermodynamic model. Steam properties are calculated from EOS or steam tables. A new isenthalpic multiphase flash calculation was also developed and was integrated in the thermal compositional simulator. The flash calculation method uses a modified Rachford-Rice monotonic objective function and the negative flash concept for phase distribution and phase identification. Therefore phase stability analysis is not necessary and the flash method is not computationally expensive. The new isenthalpic multiphase flash calculation shows no difficulty in handling difficult situations such as narrow boiling point regions and appearance and disappearance of different phases which is common in thermal processes.
The human perception of haptic vibrations
Creators: name: Millette, Christopher Gerard
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Haptics
subject: Touch
subject: Perception
subject: Virtual Environment
subject: Vibration

description: This study investigated the human perception of periodic haptic stimuli (vibrations stimulating the sense of touch) within a virtual environment. The aim was to establish a foundation for a future channel of communication using the sense of touch. A kinesthetic force feedback device was employed to generate periodic haptic stimuli using Fourier series approximations of ideal signals. The human ability to subjectively differentiate these stimuli was investigated with respect to relative differences in signal power, or percent power differences (%PD). Two experiments were conducted with human participants to observe the ability of %PD to indicate stimuli differentiability. Stimuli pairs eliciting smaller %PDs were found to be less differentiable than those eliciting larger %PDs, with a generally increasing relationship. %PD appeared to be a potentially useful indicator of the subjective differentiability of periodic haptic stimuli, and could accommodate non-ideal signals. In general, differentiation rates of > 75% were consistently achieved above 30%PD.
Bioprocessing of Human Stem Cells Applied to Diseases of the Central Nervous System
Creators: name: Panchalingam, Krishna Morgan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Bioprocessing
subject: neural stem cells
subject: mesenchymal stem cells
subject: bioreactors
subject: Parkinson's Disease
subject: neural precursor cells
subject: adult stem cells

description: Stem cells hold great promise for the clinical treatment of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), including Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In fact, two adult stem cells have been shown to be safe and efficacious in animal models of CNS diseases and are currently in clinical trials – (i) human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), and (ii) human neural precursor cells (hNPCs), a population containing neural stem cells (NSCs). These two adult stem cell lines require different modes to elicit therapeutic benefit in CNS diseases. The beneficial therapeutic effects of hMSCs have been mainly attributed to their secretion of trophic factors (i.e. secretome) that can regulate neural survival, proliferation and differentiation. While, for hNPCs, it is their differentiated progeny (i.e. specific neurons derived from hNPCs) that are able to replace the functional cells lost in these CNS diseases. However, there is a lack of consistency in cell culture methodologies (i.e. bioprocessing) between different researchers in order to produce either the secretome or the differentiated therapeutic cells. Hence, it is of critical importance to address the cell production processes as this can highly affect the clinical benefit elicited from these culture-expanded stem cells. First, a scalable defined bioprocess was developed for the expansion of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-hMSCs) that was able to enhance the secretion of hMSC neurotrophic factors and promoted the survival and differentiation of immature human γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons. Preliminary in vivo studies indicate that the BM-hMSC secretome was able to promote the recruitment and differentiation of endogenous NSCs. As the hMSC secretome is not able to directly replace cells lost in CNS diseases, and only provides a therapeutic milieu to support endogenous neural cells, a method was developed for the directed differentiation of hNPCs to a pure population of immature neurons (neuroblasts) for cell replacement strategies. Hence, in a second related project, a pure populations of PSA-NCAM+ neurons were generated (>98%) in normoxic (20% O2) conditions. Hypoxic (2% O2) conditions further drove the differentiation of hNPCs to immature neurons that expressed markers of GABA and dopamine (DA) neurons. The combined transplantation of both the hMSC secretome and hNPC-derived neuroblasts offers great promise in providing a therapeutic treatment for CNS diseases, with an initial target being PD.
Confirmation of One of the Coldest Known Brown Dwarfs
Creators: name: Luhman, K. L.
name: Burgasser, A. J.
name: Labbe, I.
name: Saumon, D.
name: Marley, M. S.
name: Bochanski, J. J.
name: Monson, A. J.
name: Persson, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using two epochs of 4.5um images from the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope, we recently identified a common proper motion companion to the white dwarf WD 0806-661 that is a candidate for the coldest known brown dwarf. To verify its cool nature, we have obtained images of this object at 3.6um with IRAC, at J with HAWK-I on the Very Large Telescope, and in a filter covering the red half of J with FourStar on Magellan. WD 0806-661 B is detected by IRAC but not HAWK-I or FourStar. From these data we measure colors of [3.6]-[4.5]=2.77+/-0.16 and J-[4.5]>7.0 (SNR<3). Based on these colors and its absolute magnitudes, WD 0806-661 B is the coldest companion directly imaged outside of the solar system and is a contender for the coldest known brown dwarf with the Y dwarf WISEP J1828+2650. It is unclear which of these two objects is colder given the available data. A comparison of its absolute magnitude at 4.5um to the predictions of theoretical spectra and evolutionary models suggests that WD 0806-661 B has T=300-345 K.
description: Astrophysical Journal, in press, for press release see http://science.psu.edu/news-and-events/2011-news/Luhman10-2011
Library Show and Tell: Digital Tuesdays Autumn 2020 Workshops
Creators: name: Groves, Antony
name: Corble, Alice
name: Heavey, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of Sussex
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: The Digital Tuesdays workshops run each week throughout term and are delivered by colleagues in the Library, Technology Enhanced Learning, IT Services and beyond. The workshops are open to the whole academic community at Sussex and provide digital skills training for students, researchers and staff.
The programme takes inspiration from Jisc’s ‘Building digital capability’ service, designed to help staff and students thrive in a digital world (https://www.jisc.ac.uk/building-digital-capability).
Starting during the final week of 2020’s extended induction, the Autumn programme was delivered entirely online through a combination of synchronous and asynchronous training. This included Zoom webinars, LinkedIn Learning pathways and more.
The aim is to be responsive and to make sessions as timely, relevant and helpful to students as possible. In Autumn 2020 this included Library staff delivering training about ‘Browsing the regular web anonymously using Tor’ (to address the concerns of some staff and students working overseas); ‘Social media data collection for researchers’ (where we see student projects at all levels); and ‘Creating posters with Canva’ (posters being a mode of assessment in some departments).
These workshops are also scheduled to tie-in with wider academic events at Sussex (e.g. Academic Skills Week in Oct and Digital Discovery Week in Nov), and broader global initiatives (e.g. Open Access Week in Oct and Computer Science Education Week in Dec).
To provide continuing guidance and support on these topics beyond the week that training is delivered; past presentations, videos and resources remain available on the Digital Tuesdays section of the Skills Hub.
Additional file 1 of Differentiating migraine, cervicogenic headache and asymptomatic individuals based on physical examination findings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Anarte-Lazo, E.
name: Carvalho, G. F.
name: Schwarz, A.
name: Luedtke, K.
name: Falla, D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Excluded studies.
The Closure of Spectral Data for Constant Mean Curvature Tori in $ S ^ 3 $
Creators: name: Carberry, Emma
name: Schmidt, Martin Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10 (primary), 14H70, 53C42, 37K10 (secondary)

description: The spectral curve correspondence for finite-type solutions of the sinh-Gordon equation describes how they arise from and give rise to hyperelliptic curves with a real structure. Constant mean curvature (CMC) 2-tori in $ S ^ 3 $ result when these spectral curves satisfy periodicity conditions. We prove that the spectral curves of CMC tori are dense in the space of smooth spectral curves of finite-type solutions of the sinh-Gordon equation. One consequence of this is the existence of countably many real $ n $-dimensional families of CMC tori in $ S ^ 3 $ for each positive integer $ n $.
description: 20 pages
The Voices of Disengaged Youth: A Narrative Inquiry of At-Risk Students Attending Alternative Schools in British Columbia
Creators: name: Toal, Sean
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education--Secondary
subject: Alternate
subject: Narrative
subject: engagement

description: The primary purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of students who attend alternate schools in British Columbia. The intent was to give them an opportunity to speak of their experiences and thoughts about school, both past and present, with the hope of generating an understanding of the perspectives students bring to school. This study employed a narrative inquiry approach in an attempt to answer the following questions: What are the experiences of school of students who currently attend an alternative school in BC? What does school mean to these students and how do they make and engage with these meanings? How do these students understand themselves as learners and how does school fit into their lives? What would make school better for these students? Semi-structured interviews were conducted with students. Once this fieldwork was completed, data were analyzed using a pluralistic approach that employed the concepts of Polkinghorne‘s narrative analysis as a construct to share the stories of the participants and his analysis of narrative as a means of constructing themes from the stories. Using the work of Furlong et al.. (2003) as a framework for student engagement: the Student Context, the Peer Context, the Classroom Context, and the School-wide Context, data were analyzed for themes. From the perspective of the students‘ experiences, this study found that throughout their time in a traditional school setting, periods of disengagement for the students in this study are rooted in a lack of strong peer relationships, the absence of a meaningful relationship with their teacher, the inadequate supports to meet their unique learning challenges, and the absence of relevant and interesting school work. Conversely, the participants of this study experienced engagement in an alternative setting. As such, this study reveals a need for the education system to be more responsive to student needs in these areas through intentional reflection on the part of educators iii and a shift from a school-centred system to a student-centred system, where educators critically examine the constructs of the system as opposed to the perceived shortcomings of the students.
An Effective Stress Equation for Unsaturated Granular Media in Pendular Regime
Creators: name: Khosravani, Sarah
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Geotechnology
subject: Unsaturated
subject: Pendular Regime
subject: Micromechanics

description: The mechanical behaviour of a wet granular material is investigated through a micromechanical analysis of force transport between interacting particles with a given packing and distribution of capillary liquid bridges. A single effective stress tensor, characterizing the tensorial contribution of the matric suction and encapsulating evolving liquid bridges, packing, interfaces, and water saturation, is derived micromechanically. The physical significance of the effective stress parameter (χ) as originally introduced in Bishop’s equation is examined and it turns out that Bishop’s equation is incomplete. More interestingly, an additional parameter that accounts for surface tension forces arising from the so-called contractile skin emerges in the newly proposed effective stress equation. Therefore, a so-called capillary stress is introduced which is shown to have two contributions: one emanating from suction between particles due to air-water pressure difference, and the second arising from surface tension forces along the contours between particles and water menisci. It turns out that the capillary stress is anisotropic in nature as dictated by the spatial distribution of water menisci, particle packing and degree of saturation, and thus engenders a meniscus based shear strength that increases with the anisotropy of the particle packing and the degree of saturation. The newly proposed effective stress equation is analyzed with respect to packing, liquid bridge distribution and strength issues. Finally, discrete element modelling is used to verify the micromechanical aspects of the proposed effective stress equation.
Laser-assisted-autoionization dynamics of helium resonances with single attosecond pulses
Creators: name: Chu, Wei-Chun
name: Zhao, Song-Feng
name: Lin, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong coupling between two autoionizing states in helium is studied theoretically with the pump-probe scheme. An isolated 100-as XUV pulse is used to excite helium near the 2s2p(1P) resonance state in the presence of an intense infrared (IR) laser. The laser field introduces strong coupling between 2s2p(1P) and 2p^2(1S) states. The IR also can ionize helium from both autoionizing states. By changing the time delay between the XUV and the IR pulses, we investigated the photoelectron spectra near the two resonances. The results are used to explain the recent experiment by Gilbertson et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 263003 (2010)]. Using the same isolated attosecond pulse and a 540-nm laser, we also investigate the strong coupling between 2s2p(1P) and 2s^2(1S) by examining how the photoelectron spectra are modified versus the time delay and the possibility of observing Autler-Townes doublet in such experiments.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Dynamical mass generation of spin-2 fields in de Sitter space for an $O(N)$ symmetric model at large $N$
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the strong-coupling phase in a model of $O(N)$ spin-2 field theory in de Sitter spacetime and the effective mass of spin-2 fields therein. In the strong-coupling phase, the Higuchi bound limits the mass parameter in the theory. The analysis using the large $N$ approximation finds the critical value of the mass parameter with numerical calculation.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Final version
Impact of isovector pairing fluctuation on neutrinoless double-beta decay in multi-reference covariant density functional theory
Creators: name: Ding, C. R.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Yao, J. M.
name: Ring, P.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the multi-reference covariant density functional theory (MR-CDFT) by including fluctuations in quadrupole deformations and average isovector pairing gaps simultaneously for the nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) of neutrinoless double-beta $(0νββ)$ decay in the candidate nuclei $^{76}$Ge, $^{82}$Se, $^{100}$Mo, $^{130}$Te, and $^{136}$Xe assuming the exchange of either light or heavy neutrinos. The results indicate a linear correlation between the predicted NMEs and the isovector pairing strengths, as well as the excitation energies of $2^{+}_1$ and $4^{+}_1$ states. By adjusting the pairing strengths based on the excitation energies of the $2^{+}_1$ states, we calculate the NMEs for $0νββ$ decay, which are reduced by approximately $12\%$ to $62\%$ compared to the results obtained in the previous studies by Song et al. [Phys. Rev. C95, 024305 (2017)]. Additionally, upon introducing the average isovector pairing gap as an additional generator coordinate in the calculation, the NMEs increase by a factor ranging from $56\%$ to $218\%$.
description: 11 pages with 4 tables and 8 figures
Time Variability At High Energies: A Probe Of Agn Physics (Including Vlbi)
Creators: name: Foschini, Luigi
name: Tosti, Gino
name: Aharonian, Felix
name: Cocco, Guido Di
name: Giovannini, Gabriele
name: Kubo, Hidetoshi
name: Maraschi, Laura
name: Mazin, Daniel
name: Taylor, Greg
name: Treves, Aldo
name: T. Jane Turner
name: Zdziarski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysics
Active Galactic Nuclei
Blazar
Relativistic Jets
Gamma rays
X-rays
Radio
Seyfert
Variability

description: Slides of talks and posters presented at the Event E11 of the 38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly (Bremen, Germany, 18-25 July 2010).
Relationship Between The Ratio Of Direct And Support Work With Productivity For Slab Formwork
Creators: name: Titov, Roman
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: Productivity
subject: Work Sampling
subject: Tool-Time
subject: Direct Work
subject: Support Work
subject: Slab Formwork
subject: Database
subject: Cloud
subject: Benchmarking
subject: Project Management
subject: Construction

description: Construction companies have yet to establish universal benchmarks. With the advent of the World Wide Web, it has become easier to share information both internally and externally. Productivity metrics are very popular amongst many industries, especially in the construction realm. However, throughout benchmarking history, there has been a lack of consistency in regard to definitions, data collection, and data organization. Studies that utilize work sampling have been frequently employed by construction company initiatives to monitor the distribution of certain categories of productive and non- productive time of a certain construction trade. Traditionally, these studies have focused on maximizing the amount of direct work or “tool-time” in order to optimize productivity. This theory has recently been challenged, whereby the climax of productivity will occur based on a distinct ratio between direct work and supportive work. The proposed framework aims to develop a database and benchmarking system of activity analysis category ratios and associated productivity values for concrete formwork installation using Google Fusion Tables (GFT). The sixteen-week work sampling activity analysis has been executed on a large commercial construction project in western Canada.
Heisenberg action in skein theory and external edge condition
Creators: name: Fujita, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 57R56, Secondary 57M25, 58D19, 05C25

description: In this article we give an explicit description of the representation matrix of a Heisenberg type action constructed by Blanchet, Habegger, Masbaum and Vogel. We give the matrix in terms of a ribbon graph and its admissible colorings. We show that components of the representation matrix satisfies the {\it external edge condition}, which is a natural combinatorial/geometric condition for maps from the first homology of the graph. We give the explicit formula of the trace of the action in the case of surfaces with colored structure using the external edge condition, the Verlinde formula and elementary counting arguments. Our formula is a generalization of the results for a surface without colored structure, which are already known.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures. This is the improved version of arXiv:0708.3309v1
Additional file 2 of Differentiating migraine, cervicogenic headache and asymptomatic individuals based on physical examination findings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Anarte-Lazo, E.
name: Carvalho, G. F.
name: Schwarz, A.
name: Luedtke, K.
name: Falla, D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Studies characteristics.
Geologic Framework, Reservoir Characterization and Production Analyses of the Cardium Formation: Unconventionally Developed North West Pembina Field, Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Wiseman, Andrew Calder Samuel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Cardium Formation
subject: Sedimentology
subject: Petrology
subject: petrophysics
subject: Well Completions
subject: Unconventional Oil and Gas
subject: Production analyses
subject: reservoir characterization

description: The unconventional Cardium Formation hydrocarbon reservoir in the Northwest Pembina Area of West Central Alberta transitions from offshore shales through lowest shoreface sandstones, which are unconformably overlain by conglomerate intervals. Within the sandstones and shales subsurface mapping reveals three cleaning upward parasequences. Thinning of the middle parasequence in the northeast direction is interpreted to indicate that both depositional and erosional processes controlled the northern field boundary. Comparisons of the reservoir interval in the west and east regions of the study area reveal significant variation in: reservoir lithology, quartz cementation, clay mineralogy and associated fluid sensitivity. Oil production from modern horizontal wells is documented to be dependent not only on reservoir quality and thickness, but also on well completion techniques. In locations where there are greater than 4 meters of reservoir, increasing the number of fractured stages is shown to have a significant impact on the first 20 months oil production.
Low-Depth Flag-Style Syndrome Extraction for Small Quantum Error-Correction Codes
Creators: name: Bhatnagar, Dhruv
name: Steinberg, Matthew
name: Elkouss, David
name: Almudever, Carmen G.
name: Feld, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flag-style fault-tolerance has become a linchpin in the realization of small fault-tolerant quantum-error correction experiments. The flag protocol's utility hinges on low qubit overhead, which is typically much smaller than in other approaches. However, as in most fault-tolerance protocols, the advantages of flag-style error correction come with a tradeoff: fault tolerance can be guaranteed, but such protocols involve high-depth circuits, due to the need for repeated stabilizer measurements. Here, we demonstrate that a dynamic choice of stabilizer measurements, based on past syndromes, and the utilization of elements from the full stabilizer group, leads to flag protocols with lower-depth syndrome-extraction circuits for the [[5,1,3]] code, as well as for the Steane code when compared to the standard methods in flag fault tolerance. We methodically prove that our new protocols yield fault-tolerant lookup tables, and demonstrate them with a pseudothreshold simulation, showcasing large improvements for all protocols when compared to previously-established methods. This work opens the dialogue on exploiting the properties of the full stabilizer group for reducing circuit overhead in fault-tolerant quantum-error correction.
description: submitted to IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE23)
The existence of a two-solar mass neutron star constrains the gravitational constant G_N at strong field
Creators: name: Dobado, Antonio
name: Llanes-Estrada, Felipe J.
name: Oller, Jose Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In General Relativity there is a maximum mass allowed for neutron stars that, if exceeded, entails their collapse into a black hole. Its precise value depends on details of the nuclear matter equation of state about which we are much more certain thanks to recent progress in low-energy effective theories. The discovery of a two-solar mass neutron star, near that maximum mass, when analyzed with modern equations of state, implies that Newton's gravitational constant in the star cannot exceed its value on Earth by more than 8% at 95% confidence level. This is a remarkable leap of ten orders of magnitude in the gravitational field intensity at which the constant has been constrained.
description: 5 pages including 8 figures
Learning from and about artists : identity, place, practice
Creators: name: Ghecevici, Alexandra Cristina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Learning From and About Artists: Identity, Place, Practice is an inter-personal exploration of thought-processes and activities involved in teaching and artistic practices. As an a/r/tographical living inquiry, the work investigates, disrupts, interprets, and re-creates understandings about how these practices relate to each other and how the three artists participating in the research negotiate their identities within/in-between teaching and making art. The general understanding of who artists are, how/why they produce art, and what/how/why they teach, is problematic if not vague. This investigation helps understand the relation among these questions and the conceptual connections brought forward by and manifested within theory as practice. Starting with the artistic process as shaped by the artists’ educational background, by the artist-teacher identity, and by the studio environment, the inciting question of the research is the following: how do artists understand their artistic practice in relation to their teaching practice? The participants in this study are three practicing artists who are or have been involved with teaching art. Conversations with artists Scott Plear and Thomas Anfield and visits to their studios offered the opportunity to interrogate and explore reflectively and reflexively through conversation, art making and writing. Thinking, values, and ideas transgress and transform with the visuals and texts and the dissolved researcher - researched binary opposition is carried through by a circulation in-between conventional positionings as well as by an autobiographical dimension of the research. This work is significant in its acquired understandings. Art and teaching practices are interconnected and informing each other. Identity, place, practice reflect a processual being-knowing-doing strongly related to a context of perpetual change. A cyclical re-affirmation, with the emphasis on the co-relational slash, draws on a multifaceted artist/teacher identity, thus meeting the conditions of a/r/tography. Vulnerability and Repetition emerge as active concepts and constitute a meaningful commitment to a learning-to-learn performance. The possibilities and experiences of this a/r/t inquiry should inspire teachers, regardless of their practice, to undertake such relational process.
Siphon flow in a cool magnetic loop
Creators: name: Bethge, C.
name: Beck, C.
name: Peter, H.
name: Lagg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of a structure in the solar chromosphere in an active region to find out whether the feature is consistent with a siphon flow in a magnetic loop filled with chromospheric material.
Detecting the critical point through entanglement in Schwinger model
Creators: name: Ikeda, Kazuki
name: Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
name: Meyer, René
name: Shi, Shuzhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using quantum simulations on classical hardware, we study the phase diagram of the massive Schwinger model with a $θ$-term at finite chemical potential $μ$. We find that the quantum critical point in the phase diagram of the model can be detected through the entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum. As a first step, we chart the phase diagram using conventional methods by computing the dependence of the charge and chiral condensates on the fermion mass $m$, coupling constant $g$, and the chemical potential $μ$. At zero density, the Schwinger model possesses a quantum critical point at $θ=π$ and $m/g \simeq 0.33$. We find that the position of this quantum critical point depends on the chemical potential. Near this quantum critical point, we observe a sharp maximum in the entanglement entropy. Moreover, we find that the quantum critical point can be located from the entanglement spectrum by detecting the position of the gap closing point.
Additional file 3 of Differentiating migraine, cervicogenic headache and asymptomatic individuals based on physical examination findings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Anarte-Lazo, E.
name: Carvalho, G. F.
name: Schwarz, A.
name: Luedtke, K.
name: Falla, D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Risk of bias assessment with a modified version of Downs and Black Scale.
M94 As A Unique Testbed for Black Hole Mass Estimates and AGN Activity At Low Luminosities
Creators: name: Constantin, Anca
name: Seth, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the peculiar nature of the nucleus of M94 (NGC 4736) in the context of new measurements of the broad H_alpha emission from HST-STIS observations. We show that this component is unambiguously associated with the high-resolution X-ray, radio, and variable UV sources detected at the optical nucleus of this galaxy. These multi-wavelength observations suggest that NGC 4736 is one of the least luminous broad-line (type 1) LINERs, with Lbol = 2.5 \times 10^40 erg/s. This LINER galaxy has also possibly the least luminous broad line region known (LH_alpha =2.2\times10^37 erg/s). We compare black hole mass estimates of this system to the recently measured ~7 \times 10^6 M_sun dynamical black hole mass measurement. The fundamental plane and M-sigma relationship roughly agree with the measured black hole mass, while other accretion based estimates (the M-FWHM(H_alpha) relation, empirical correlation of BH mass with high-ionization mid IR emission lines, and the X-ray excess variance) provide much lower estimates (~10^5 M_sun). An energy budget test shows that the AGN in this system may be deficient in ionizing radiation relative to the observed emission-line activity. This deficiency may result from source variability or the superposition of multiple sources including supernovae.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Advances in Astronomy