cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Atrial baffles anomalies in transposition of the great arteries after atrial switch: the role of cardiac MRI in follow-up
Creators: name: Stagnaro, Nicola
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Thorax
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Echocardiography
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Complications
subject: Congenital
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Motility

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is the most common cyanotic congenital malformation of the heart (5% to 7% of all congenital heart disease) [1-2] that presents in neonatal period and is the leading reason for transfer to a advanced cardiac...
Multiple-GPU accelerated high-order gas-kinetic scheme for direct numerical simulation of compressible turbulence
Creators: name: Wang, Yuhang
name: Cao, Guiyu
name: Pan, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: High-order gas-kinetic scheme (HGKS) has become a workable tool for the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulence. In this paper, to accelerate the computation, HGKS is implemented with the graphical processing unit (GPU) using the compute unified device architecture (CUDA). To conduct the much large-scale DNS of turbulence, HGKS also be further upgraded with multiple GPUs using message passing interface (MPI) and CUDA architecture. The benchmark cases for compressible turbulence, including Taylor-Green vortex and turbulent channel flows, are presented to assess the numerical performance of HGKS with Nvidia TITAN RTX and Tesla V100 GPUs. For single-GPU computation, compared with the parallel central processing unit (CPU) code running on the Intel Core i7-9700 with open multi-processing (OpenMP) directives, 7x speedup is achieved by TITAN RTX and 16x speedup is achieved by Tesla V100. For multiple-GPU computation, the computational time of parallel CPU code running on 1024 Intel Xeon E5-2692 cores with MPI is approximately 3 times longer than that of GPU code using 8 Tesla V100 GPUs with MPI and CUDA. Numerical results confirm the excellent performance of multiple-GPU accelerated HGKS for large-scale DNS of turbulence. HGKS in GPU is also compiled with FP32 precision to evaluate the effect of number formats precision. Reasonably, compared to the computation with FP64 precision, the efficiency is improved and the memory cost is reduced with FP32 precision. For turbulent channel flows, difference in long-time statistical turbulent quantities is acceptable between FP32 and FP64 precision solutions. While the obvious discrepancy in instantaneous turbulent quantities can be observed, which shows that FP32 precision is not safe for DNS in compressible turbulence. The choice of precision should depended on the requirement of accuracy and the available computational resources.
Semantic issues in model-driven management of information system interoperability
Creators: name: Benaben, Frederick
name: Boissel-Dallier, Nicolas
name: Pingaud, Herve
name: Lorre, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The MISE Project (Mediation Information System Engineering) aims at providing collaborating organizations with a Mediation Information System (MIS) in charge of supporting interoperability of a collaborative network. MISE proposes an overall MIS design method according to a model-driven approach, based on model transformations. This MIS is in charge of managing (i) information, (ii) functions and (iii) processes among the information systems (IS) of partner organizations involved in the network. Semantic issues are accompanying this triple objective: How to deal with information reconciliation? How to ensure the matching between business functions and technical services? How to identify workflows among business processes? This article aims first, at presenting the MISE approach, second at defining the semantic gaps along the MISE approach and third at describing some past, current and future research works that deal with these issues. Finally and as a conclusion, the very "design-oriented" previous considerations are confronted with "run-time" requirements.
description: http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/tcim20/current
title: MDCTA semiotics of the cerebral vessels disease among patients with hypertonic disease
Creators: name: Romanko-Hrushchak, Nataliya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Colonography CT
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Cancer
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most important medical and social problems of modern society. Arterial hypertension (AH) takes the first place in the structure of the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular diseases among adults and...
Sustainable Barranco: A 'participatory development' village economy revival master plan
Creators: name: Williams, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Economic development--Belize--Barranco
subject: Rural development--Belize--Barranco
subject: Regional planning--Belize--Barranco

description: This document outlines the current physical and economic state of the village of Barranco. Barranco Village is suffering from significant human capital drain as its local residents continue to migrate from their rural community to the urban settings in search of greater employment and educational opportunities. After initial research of Barranco and similar communities, a participatory development bottom up approach was employed to gather the data required to assist the researcher in compiling and creating strategies to enhance and reinvigorate the once vibrant agrarian and fishing economy. With the assistance and participation of community members, leaders, experts in rural and economic development, and senior management in Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s) through a world café, questionnaires, and interviews, the needs of the community were discussed and analyzed. Recommendations have been developed in the form of strategies tailored specifically for Barranco Village’s structured and planned economic development of/for action and revival.
description: Major project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Community Planning in the Department of Community Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/6375/WilliamsK.pdf?sequence=3
Outcome Evaluation of Senior PharmAssist: Reduced Hospital Use with Enrollment in an Innovative Community-Based Program
Creators: name: Herity, Leah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Poor medication management is associated with increased use of acute health services among older adults. Senior PharmAssist is a non-profit community-based program that combines medication therapy management (MTM) with services to address medication access and other basic needs. An outcome evaluation of Senior PharmAssist was conducted to assess the effect of enrollment in the program on acute health services utilization among older adults. The mean number of emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions declined significantly over time among participants enrolled in the program. These results suggest that enrollment in a community-based program that addresses medication management and access while simultaneously linking older adults with community resources may reduce hospital use.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy association with DNA Methylation: A sibling comparison design
Creators: name: Nonkovic, Nikolina
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is still occurring in the United States, as of 2021, at an average rate of 6% (CDC, WONDER). This proximal exposure to MSDP has been associated with decreased fetal head size, increased risk of SIDS, and increased risk for low birthweight (Abraham et al., 2017, Avsar et al., 2021; Knopik et al., 2016b) in infants exposed to MSDP compared to infants not exposed to MSDP. Additionally, MSDP has been associated with epigenetics in the form of differential DNA methylation (DNAm) in children and adolescents who were exposed to MSDP. Among these studies, there has been consistency in gene-specific findings of differential methylation in global DNAm (across the genome), AHRR, CYP1A1, CNTNAP2, MYOIG, and GFI1 (Ladd-Acosta et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2015; Richmond et al., 2015; Rzehak et al., 2016). Using the frameworks of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, as well as Ecological Systems Theory, the current study aims to (1) test the effect of MSDP on global DNAm (across the genome) cross-sectionally in 8-17 y/o children and adolescents, (2) attempt to replicate and analyze the MSDP impacts on AHRR, CYP1A1, CNTNAP2, MYOIG, and GFI1, and (3) adjust for several prenatal and postnatal covariates (second-hand smoke and particulate matter (PM2.5), specifically) in an attempt to isolate the MSDP exposure on DNAm analysis. In a sample of 325 8-17 y/o children whose sibling was exposed to more or less MSDP compared to them, it was found that higher child-specific MSDP was associated with more global methylation and less CNTNAP2 methylation, possibly suggesting evidence for a partially causal pathway between MSDP and DNAm for these genetic outcomes. Both child-specific and family-average MSDP were associated with CYP1A1 and MYO1G methylation. There were also various findings related to child sex and age covariates, as well as postnatal PM2.5. Future studies focused on replication of these findings in a longitudinal genetic design could further confirm the associations found in the current study.
Redshift requirements for cosmic shear with intrinsic alignment
Creators: name: Fischbacher, Silvan
name: Kacprzak, Tomasz
name: Blazek, Jonathan
name: Refregier, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic alignment (IA) modelling and photometric redshift estimation are two of the main sources of systematic uncertainty in weak lensing surveys. We investigate the impact of redshift errors and their interplay with different IA models. Generally, errors on the mean $δ_z$ and on the width $σ_z$ of the redshift bins can both lead to biases in cosmological constraints. We find that such biases can, however, only be partially resolved by marginalizing over $δ_z$ and $σ_z$. For Stage-III surveys, $δ_z$ and $σ_z$ cannot be well constrained due to limited statistics. The resulting biases are thus sensitive to prior volume effects. For Stage-IV surveys, we observe that marginalizing over the redshift parameters has an impact and reduces the bias. We derive requirements on the uncertainty of $σ_z$ and $δ_z$ for both Stage-III and Stage-IV surveys. We assume that the redshift systematic errors on $S_8$ should be less than half of the statistical errors, and the median bias should be smaller than $0.25σ$. We find that the uncertainty on $δ_z$ has to be $\lesssim0.025$ for the NLA IA model with a Stage-III survey. For $σ_z$, the requirement is met even for large uncertainties $\leq0.3$. For the TATT IA model, the uncertainty on $δ_z$ has to be $\lesssim0.02$ and the uncertainty on $σ_z$ has to be $\lesssim0.2$. For Stage-IV surveys, the uncertainty on $δ_z$ has to be $\lesssim0.005$ and the uncertainty on $σ_z$ should be $\lesssim0.1$, with no significant dependence on the IA model. This required high precision will be a challenge for the redshift calibration of these future surveys. Finally, we investigate whether the interplay between redshift systematics and IA modelling can explain the $S_8$-tension between cosmic shear results and CMB measurements. We find that this is unlikely to explain the current $S_8$-tension.
description: 37 pages including 15 figures and 9 tables, accepted for publication in JCAP
Chiral fermions on lattice axion strings
Creators: name: Sen, Srimoyee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discretize axion string configuration coupled to a Dirac fermion, which in the continuum binds a massless chiral fermion in its core when the winding is one. I show that such a configuration can host one or more chiral fermions when regulated on the lattice. Realization of these chiral fermions relies on the presence of Wilson-like terms similar to the Wilson term used in lattice domain wall fermions. The number of chiral fermions on the string jumps as the Wilson-like parameter is varied with respect to the other mass scales in the problem. These jumps coincide with phase transitions along a two dimensional surface passing through the string's core. A one-loop Feynman diagram is used to demonstrate how anomaly inflow works in this lattice regularized theory.
description: Typo corrected, new references added and style files changed
Detailed studies of hadronic showers and comparison to GEANT4 simulations with data from highly granular calorimeters
Creators: name: van der Kolk, Naomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highly granular calorimeter prototypes of the CALICE collaboration have provided large data samples with precise three-dimensional information on hadronic showers with steel and tungsten absorbers and silicon, scintillator and gas detector readout. From these data sets, detailed measurements of the spatial structure, including longitudinal and lateral shower profiles and of the shower substructure and time structure are extracted. Recent analyses have extended these studies to different particle species in calorimeters with scintillator readout and steel and tungsten absorbers, to energies below 10 GeV in a silicon tungsten calorimeter and have provided first studies of the shower substructure with gaseous readout and unprecedented granularity of $1\times1$~cm$^{2}$ over a full cubic meter. These results are confronted with Geant4 simulations with different hadronic physics models. They present new challenges to the simulation codes and provide the possibility to validate and improve the simulation of hadronic interactions in high-energy physics detectors.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, EPS-HEP 2015
Constraining the minimal dark matter fiveplet with LHC searches
Creators: name: Ostdiek, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adding a fermion to the standard model particle content which is a fiveplet under $SU(2)_L$ gives a dark matter candidate. The lightest state in the multiplet is neutral and automatically stable. The charged component of the multiplet is only slightly heavier and can travel a finite distance in the LHC detectors before decaying, leaving a charged track which disappears before the edge of the detector. We use the recent ATLAS and CMS searches to exclude a Majorana fiveplet with a mass up to 267 GeV. We estimate that with 3 ab$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV data this could be pushed to a mass 520 GeV. These exclusions are $\sim 10\%$ greater than what is achieved for wino-like dark matter. We also discuss how the doubly charged states could be used to distinguish a disappearing track signal from that given by a triplet such as the pure wino.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Cardiac magnetic resonance vs echocardiography in the evaluation of cardiac involvement in Erdheim Chester disease
Creators: name: Benedetti, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Echocardiography (transoesophageal)
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, characterized by xanthogranulomatous tissue infiltration by foamy, CD 68+, CD1a- macrophages driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine [1]. ECD usually...
title: Comparative study of zoomed SPACE vs conventional SPACE for 3D MRI of the ankle at 3T
Creators: name: Van Dyck, Pieter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Three-dimensional (3D)turbo-spin echo (TSE) sequenceshave been evaluated for imaging of the musculoskeletal system, particularly the knee and ankle joint. Despite using multi-channel extremity coils and higher 3T magnetic field strength, these...
Replication of De Neys, W., Rossi, S., & Houdé, O. (2013) at BYU-Idaho, Winter 2017
Creators: name: Stucki, Hannah
name: Briggs, Courtney
name: Moore, Andrew
name: Batchkoff, Lia
name: Jaramillo, Ana
name: Clay, Jordan
name: Wiggins, Bradford
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: This is a replication done by students at Brigham Young University-Idaho during the 2017 winter semester.
Method for measuring prompt gamma-rays generated by D-T neutrons bombarding a depleted uranium spherical shell
Creators: name: Qin, Jianguo
name: Lai, Caifeng
name: Jiang, Li
name: Liu, Rong
name: Zhang, Xinwei
name: Ye, Bangjiao
name: Zhu, Tonghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prompt gamma-ray spectrum from depleted uranium (DU) spherical shells induced by 14 MeV D-T neutrons is measured. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation gives the largest prompt gamma flux with the optimal thickness of the DU spherical shells 3-5 cm and the optimal frequency of neutron pulse 1 MHz. The method of time of flight and pulse shape coincidence with energy (DC-TOF) is proposed, and the subtraction of the background gamma-rays discussed in detail. The electron recoil spectrum and time spectrum of the prompt gamma-rays are obtained based on a 2"*2" BC501A liquid scintillator detector. The energy spectrum and time spectrum of prompt gamma-rays are obtained based on an iterative unfolding method that can remove the influence of γ-rays response matrix and pulsed neutron shape. The measured time spectrum and the calculated results are roughly consistent with each other. Experimental prompt gamma-ray spectrum in the 0.4-3 MeV energy region agree well with MC simulation based on the ENDF/BVI.5 library, and the discrepancies for the integral quantities of gamma-rays of energy 0.4-1 MeV and 1-3 MeV are 9.2% and 1.1%, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables
title: Assessment of image quality and radiation dose in abdominal CT at low tube voltage in patients with a body weight < 75 kg: a prospective randomized trial
Creators: name: Zähringer, Caroline
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The rapid technological development of computed tomography (CT) in recent years has led to a substantial increase in the diagnostic possibilites and therefore also in an increased number of CT examinations. According to the literature, the risk for...
The Tucana dwarf spheroidal: a distant backsplash galaxy of M31?
Creators: name: Santos-Santos, Isabel M. E.
name: Navarro, Julio F.
name: McConnachie, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the APOSTLE Local Group (LG) cosmological hydro-simulations to examine the properties of "backsplash" galaxies, i.e, dwarfs which were within the virial boundaries of the Milky Way (MW) or M31 in the past, but are today outside their virial radius ($r_{200}$). More than half of all dwarfs between $1-2\,r_{200}$ of each primary are backsplash. More distant backsplash systems, i.e., those reaching distances well beyond $2\,r_{200}$, are typically close to apocentre of nearly radial orbits, and, therefore, essentially at rest relative to their primary. We use this result to investigate which LG dwarfs beyond $\sim500$ kpc of either primary could be a distant backsplash satellite of MW or M31. Tucana dSph, one of the few known quiescent LG field dwarfs, at $d_{\rm M31}\approx1350$ kpc and $d_{\rm MW}\approx880$ kpc, is a promising candidate. Tucana's radial velocity is consistent with being at rest relative to M31. Further, Tucana is located close to M33's orbital plane around M31, and simple orbit integrations indicate that Tucana may have been ejected during an early pericentric passage of M33 $\sim11$ Gyr ago, a timing which approximately coincides with Tucana's last episode of star formation. We suggest that Tucana may have been an early-infalling satellite of M31 or M33, providing a compelling explanation for its puzzling lack of gas and ongoing star formation despite its isolated nature. In this scenario, M33 should have completed some orbits around M31, a result that may help to explain the relative dearth of M33 satellite-candidates identified so far.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Age-related specificity of the default mode network DMN deactivation: fMRI comparative study
Creators: name: Rozhkova, Zina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Neural networks
subject: MR
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Image registration
subject: Developmental disease
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: We propose simple finger task tapping paradigm of activation for study age-related peculiarities of the DMN connectivity in healthy subjects in the age from 7 to 85...
How fluid-mechanical erosion creates anisotropic porous media
Creators: name: Moore, Nicholas J.
name: Cherry, Jake
name: Chiu, Shang-Huan
name: Quaife, Bryan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a Cauchy integral formulation of the boundary integral equations, we simulate the erosion a porous medium comprised of up to 100 solid bodies embedded in a Stokes flow. The grains of the medium are resolved individually and erode under the action of surface shear stress. Through nonlinear feedback with the surrounding flow fields, microscopic changes in grain morphology give way to larger-scale features in the medium such as channelization. The Cauchy-integral formulation and associated quadrature formulas enable us to resolve dense configurations of nearly contacting bodies. We observe substantial anisotropy to develop over the course of erosion; that is, the configurations that result from erosion generally permit flow in the longitudinal direction more easily than in the transverse direction by up to a factor of six. These results suggest that the erosion of solid material from groundwater flows may contribute to previously observed anisotropy of natural porous media.
Proposal for D0-brane anti-D0-brane Action
Creators: name: Kluson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an action for the D0-brane anti-D0-brane system that has its exact solution corresponding to the marginal tachyon profile defined for arbitrary constant separation of these D-branes. We also find its covariant formulation and generalization to higher dimensional Dp-branes.
description: 13 pages
British Gallup Poll: CQ 941
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1997

description: Government approval rating(1); Thatcher approval rating(1); political party leaders(3); political party(2); 1987 election(2); economy(2); prices(3); financial situation(2); unemployment(1); good time to save(1); good time to buy(4); wages(2).
Functional additive regression
Creators: name: Fan, Yingying
name: James, Gareth M.
name: Radchenko, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We suggest a new method, called Functional Additive Regression, or FAR, for efficiently performing high-dimensional functional regression. FAR extends the usual linear regression model involving a functional predictor, $X(t)$, and a scalar response, $Y$, in two key respects. First, FAR uses a penalized least squares optimization approach to efficiently deal with high-dimensional problems involving a large number of functional predictors. Second, FAR extends beyond the standard linear regression setting to fit general nonlinear additive models. We demonstrate that FAR can be implemented with a wide range of penalty functions using a highly efficient coordinate descent algorithm. Theoretical results are developed which provide motivation for the FAR optimization criterion. Finally, we show through simulations and two real data sets that FAR can significantly outperform competing methods.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOS1346 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A Logical Approach To Preventing Foodborne Illness
Creators: name: Stewart, Wayne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The nation's food safety system consists of activities carried out by several federal, state and local government agencies that inspect, test, research, and monitor the food supply. For the most part, these agencies monitor whether food manufacturers are adhering to their legal responsibility of assuring the production of safe food. However, reported occurrences of outbreaks of foodborne illnesses have been increasing, and current safety L efforts are not providing the confidence in the food supply that U.S. consumers demand. There are three interventions that need priority if the trend in foodborne illnesses are to be reversed, a) improve surveillance, b) mandate irradiation procedures and c) require all food handlers to demonstrate their knowledge in proper food handling
title: Anxiety management of MRI patients
Creators: name: Ughi, Mark
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: MR
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Equipment
subject: Outcomes
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background: During my first voluntary MRI examination as a radiographer student, I experienced tension and anxiousness; the examination was uncomfortable for me. My personal experience led me to work on a method of making the MRI examination a...
Trapped-Ion Quantum Simulation of Collective Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Amitrano, Valentina
name: Roggero, Alessandro
name: Luchi, Piero
name: Turro, Francesco
name: Vespucci, Luca
name: Pederiva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the neutrino flavor in extreme astrophysical environments changes under the effect of three contributions: the vacuum oscillation, the interaction with the surrounding matter, and the collective oscillations due to interactions between different neutrinos. The latter adds a non-linear contribution to the equations of motion, making the description of their dynamics complex. In this work we study various strategies to simulate the coherent collective oscillations of a system of N neutrinos in the two-flavor approximation using quantum computation. This was achieved by using a pair-neutrino decomposition designed to account for the fact that the flavor Hamiltonian, in the presence of the neutrino-neutrino term, presents an all-to-all interaction that makes the implementation of the evolution dependent on the qubit topology. We analyze the Trotter error caused by the decomposition demonstrating that the complexity of the implementation of time evolution scales polynomially with the number of neutrinos and that the noisy from near-term quantum device simulation can be reduced by optimizing the quantum circuit decomposition and exploiting a full-qubit connectivity. We find that the gate complexity using second order Trotter-Suzuki formulae scales better with system size than with other decomposition methods such as Quantum Signal Processing. We finally present the application and the results of our algorithm on a real quantum device based on trapped-ions qubits.
description: Updated version accepted for publication
title: Evaluation of chemotherapy response of gastric cancer in a mouse model using intravoxel incoherent diffusion-weighted MRI correlated with histopathological characteristics
Creators: name: Cheng, Jin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Chemotherapy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The prognosis of advanced and unresectable gastric cancer is very poor with the median survival around 10 months. Systemic chemotherapy based on 5-fluorouracil is...
RELICS: Small-scale Star Formation in Lensed Galaxies at $z = 6-10$
Creators: name: Welch, Brian
name: Coe, Dan
name: Zitrin, Adi
name: Diego, Jose M.
name: Windhorst, Rogier
name: Mandelker, Nir
name: Vanzella, Eros
name: Ravindranath, Swara
name: Zackrisson, Erik
name: Florian, Michael
name: Bradley, Larry
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Bradač, Maruša
name: Rigby, Jane
name: Frye, Brenda
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed observations of star forming galaxies at high redshift are critical to understand the formation and evolution of the earliest galaxies. Gravitational lensing provides an important boost, allowing observations at physical scales unreachable in unlensed galaxies. We present three lensed galaxies from the RELICS survey at $z_{phot} = 6 - 10$, including the most highly magnified galaxy at $z_{phot} \sim 6$ (WHL0137-zD1, dubbed the Sunrise Arc), the brightest known lensed galaxy at $z_{phot} \sim 6$ (MACS0308-zD1), and the only spatially resolved galaxy currently known at $z_{phot} \sim 10$ (SPT0615-JD). The Sunrise Arc contains seven star-forming clumps with delensed radii as small as 3 pc, the smallest spatial scales yet observed in a $z>6$ galaxy, while SPT0615-JD contains features measuring a few tens of parsecs. MACS0308-zD1 contains a $r\sim 30$ pc clump with a star formation rate (SFR) of $\sim 3 M_{\odot} \textrm{ yr}^{-1}$, giving it a SFR surface density of $Σ_{SFR} \sim 10^3 M_{\odot}\textrm{ yr}^{-1}\textrm{ kpc}^{-2}$. These galaxies provide a unique window into small scale star formation during the Epoch of Reionization. They will be excellent targets for future observations with JWST, including one approved program targeting the Sunrise Arc.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
The Turbulence Velocity Power Spectrum of Neutral Hydrogen in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Chepurnov, Alexey
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Lazarian, Alex
name: Stanimirovic, Snezana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the Velocity Coordinate Spectrum (VCS) technique to calculate the velocity power spectrum of turbulence in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) in 21cm emission. We have obtained a velocity spectral index of -3.85 and an injection scale of 2.3 kpc. The spectral index is steeper than the Kolmogorov index which is expected for shock-dominated turbulence which is in agreement with past works on the SMC gas dynamics. The injection scale of 2.3 kpc suggests that tidal interactions with the Large Magellanic Cloud are the dominate driver of turbulence in this dwarf galaxy. This implies turbulence maybe driven by multiple mechanisms in galaxies in addition to supernova injection and that galaxy-galaxy interactions may play an important role.
description: Accepted to ApJ
On the Treatment of Resonances in Next-to-Leading Order Calculations Matched to a Parton Shower
Creators: name: Ježo, Tomáš
name: Nason, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a new subtraction method for next-to-leading order calculations that is particularly convenient even when narrow resonances are present. The method is particularly suitable for the implementation of next-to-leading order calculations matched to parton shower generators. It allows at the same time for the inclusion of all finite width effects, including interferences, and for a consistent treatment of resonances in the shower approach, preserving the mass of resonances near their peak. We implement our method, in a fully general and automatic way, within the POWHEG BOX framework, and illustrate it using as a test case the process of $p p \to μ^+ ν_μj_b j$, that is dominated by $t$-channel single top production.
description: 48 pages, 21 figures
A closed-form solution to predict short-range surface plasmons in thin films and its application to hole arrays
Creators: name: Lorente-Crespo, Maria
name: Mateo-Segura, Carolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical study of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in ultrathin lossy metal films is presented. The dispersion relation of such films is well known and can be solved numerically to obtain a combination of long-range (LR-) and short-range (SR-) eigenmodes. In this contribution, a simple solution for the SR-SPPs is derived. An approximation for the LR- eigenmodes can be found elsewhere. To validate the approximation, a two dimensional (2D) periodic array of small holes is studied subsequently. The spectral response of the array is obtained by full-wave simulations and the results compared with those calculated analytically, showing an excellent agreement for small holes.
How well do physicians predict the life expectancy of older adult outpatients? A systematic review and discussion of the implications for cancer screening guidelines
Creators: name: Gilliam, Meredith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Background: Shortened life expectancy may limit older adults’ ability to benefit from certain medical interventions, such as preventive services. Appropriate consideration of a patient’s life expectancy may help physicians weigh potential benefits against potential harms for that individual. Some recent cancer screening guidelines have recommended this individualized approach to cancer screening decisions to avoid overscreening or underscreening. However, it is not clear how competent physicians are at predicting life expectancy, and there is little consensus about how these predictions should guide their recommendations for or against cancer screening. Purpose: This systematic review attempts to characterize physicians’ accuracy and reliability at predicting the life expectancy of older adult outpatients. A discussion further considers what level of evidence is needed to justify the replacement of an age-based cancer screening guideline to a life expectancy guideline for stopping cancer screening. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, reference lists Study Selection: Studies that assess physicians’ estimates of life expectancy for older adults who are not terminally ill are included. Data Extraction: Data relating to physicians’ accuracy and reliability, as well as physician attributes associated with predictive performance, are extracted. Study quality is assessed according to criteria adapted from the Centre for Review and Dissemination’s quality assessment criteria for diagnostic tests. Data Synthesis: Six small, cross-sectional studies utilizing patient vignettes and comparing physicians’ predictions to some reference standard are included. As a group, physicians have a tendency to underestimate life expectancy by 1–2 years and 10-year mortality risk by 10-15%, with poor inter-rater reliability. Among studies that reported LE predictions in years (n = 3), the prediction error (±SD) ranged from -1.63 (± 3.70) years to +0.34 (± 3.29) years. Limitations: Quality ratings for included studies were generally fair or poor. Major limitations include the use of patient vignettes in place of real patient encounters, reference standards for life expectancy of unclear quality, and small, nonrandom samples of physicians. Conclusions: As a group, physicians are moderately accurate in their predictive ability for the life expectancy of older adults but reliability among individuals is poor. Larger studies of physicians’ predictions for real patients are needed, possibly incorporating life expectancy prediction rules to assist physicians. Six criteria for evaluating whether there is enough evidence to support a life expectancy-based cancer screening guideline are proposed.
New formulae for the $(-2)$ moment of the photo-absorption cross section, $σ_{_{-2}}$
Creators: name: Orce, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two new formulae for the $(-2)$ moment of the photo-absorption cross section, $σ_{_{-2}}$, have been determined, respectively, from the 1988 compilation of Dietrich and Berman and a mass-dependent symmetry energy coefficient, $a_{sym}(A)$. The data for $A\gtrsim50$ follow, with a {\small $RMS$} deviation of 6\%, the power-law $σ_{_{-2}}=2.4 A^{5/3}$$μ$b/MeV, which is in agreement with Migdal's calculation of $σ_{_{-2}}=2.25A^{5/3}$$μ$b/MeV based on the hydrodynamic model and the $σ_{_{-2}}$ sum rule. The additional inclusion of $a_{sym}(A)$ provides a deeper insight to the nuclear polarization of $A\geqq10$ nuclei.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Hadron-hadron collision mode in ReneSANCe-v1.3.0
Creators: name: Bondarenko, Serge
name: Dydyshka, Yahor
name: Kalinovskaya, Lidia
name: Sadykov, Renat
name: Yermolchyk, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an implementation of the hadron-hadron ($pp$ and $p\bar{p}$) collision mode to the Monte Carlo event generator ReneSANCe - the code that was previously developed for $e^+e^-$ collisions. The described extension of ReneSANCe currently contains neutral and charged current Drell-Yan prosesses $pp[p\bar{p}] \to ZX \to \ell^+\ell^- X$, $pp[p\bar{p}] \to W^+X \to \ell^+ν_\ell X$ and $pp[p\bar{p}] \to W^-X \to \ell^-\barν_\ell X$. We take into account complete one-loop electroweak (EW) and one-loop QCD corrections to these processes. The calculation is based on the SANC (Support for Analytic and Numeric Calculations for experiments at colliders) modules. The generator is constructed in such a way that new processes can be easily added. The paper contains a theoretical description of the SANC approach, numerical validations and a manual.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.10755
title: Effects of gadolinium-based contrast agent concentrations (0.5M or 1.0M) on the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging examinations: systematic review of the literature
Creators: name: Lancelot, Eric
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) possess variable structures, relaxivities and concentrations which may account for differences in diagnostic performance. Is there any difference between 1.0 M and 0.5 M gadolinium-based contrast agents in...
Semi-convection: What is the underlying physical context?
Creators: name: Noels, Arlette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar conditions leading to a possible semi-convective mixing are discussed in three relevant cases: (1) low mass MS stars in which the CNO cycle takes progressively the lead over the PP chain due to the increase in temperature as core hydrogen burning proceeds, (2) massive MS stars which experience a large contri- bution of the radiation pressure to the total pressure and (3) core helium burning stars for which the production of carbon in the core increases the opacity. A short discussion of semi-convection in terms of instability of non radial modes follows.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, in "Studying stellar Rotation and Convection", Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer Verlag, Berlin), M.J. Goupil, K. Belkacem, C. Neiner, F. Ligni\`eres, and J. J. Green (eds)
Direct optical probe of magnon topology in two-dimensional quantum magnets
Creators: name: Boström, Emil Viñas
name: Parvini, Tahereh Sadat
name: McIver, James W.
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Kusminskiy, Silvia Viola
name: Sentef, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling edge states of topological magnon insulators is a promising route to stable spintronics devices. However, to experimentally ascertain the topology of magnon bands is a challenging task. Here we derive a fundamental relation between the light-matter coupling and the quantum geometry of magnon states. This allows to establish the two-magnon Raman circular dichroism as an optical probe of magnon topology in honeycomb magnets, in particular of the Chern number and the topological gap. Our results pave the way for interfacing light and topological magnons in functional quantum devices.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
British Gallup Poll CQ 938B
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Neil Kinnock job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); David Owen job performance (1); general election party support (1); 1983 general election participation (1); party voted for in 1983 general election (1).
USIA Poll # 1987-I87053: July 1987 Telephone Survey
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Confidence in United States (1); confidence in Soviet Union (1); Ronald Reagan's job performance (1); Mikhail Gorbachev's job performance (5); eliminating mid-range nuclear missiles (4); situation on Middle East and Persian Gulf (5); Iran-Contra Issue (3); Communism vs. Democracy in Soviet Union (2).
Imprints of expansion onto the local anisotropy of solar wind turbulence
Creators: name: Verdini, Andrea
name: Grappin, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the anisotropy of II-order structure functions defined in a frame attached to the local mean field in three-dimensional (3D) direct numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, including or not the solar wind expansion. We simulate spacecraft flybys through the numerical domain by taking increments along the radial (wind) direction that forms an angle of $45^o$ with the ambient magnetic field. We find that only when expansion is taken into account, do the synthetic observations match the 3D anisotropy observed in the solar wind, including the change of anisotropy with scales. Our simulations also show that the anisotropy changes dramatically when considering increments oblique to the radial directions. Both results can be understood by noting that expansion reduces the radial component of the magnetic field at all scales, thus confining fluctuations in the plane perpendicular to the radial. Expansion is thus shown to affect not only the (global) spectral anisotropy, but also the local anisotropy of second-order structure functions by influencing the distribution of the local mean field, which enters this higher-order statistics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted in ApJL
title: Is strain elastography (IO-SE) sufficient for characterisation of liver lesions before surgical resection, or is contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) necessary?
Creators: name: Rennert, Janine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of IO-SE in comparison to IO-CEUS for the differentiation between malignant and benign liver...