cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Probing Sequences for Polarization-Multiplexed Coherent Phase OTDR
Creators: name: Dorize, Christian
name: Awwad, Elie
name: Guerrier, Sterenn
name: Renaudier, Jérémie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce dual-polarization probing codes based on two circularly shifted frequency sweep signals enabling perfect channel estimation. This is achieved with a probing length equal to at least twice the fiber round-trip propagation time.
description: Conference paper (27th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors), 4 pages, 7 figures
Solid-liquid coexistence of polydisperse fluids via simulation
Creators: name: Wilding, Nigel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simulation method for the accurate study of the equilibrium freezing properties of polydisperse fluids under the experimentally relevant condition of fixed polydispersity. The approach is based on the phase switch Monte Carlo method of Wilding and Bruce [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 5138 (2000)]. This we have generalized to deal with particle size polydispersity by incorporating updates which alter the diameter $σ$ of a particle, under the control of a distribution of chemical potential differences $\tildeμ(σ)$. Within the resulting isobaric semi-grand canonical ensemble, we detail how to adapt $\tildeμ(σ)$ and the applied pressure such as to study coexistence, whilst ensuring that the ensemble averaged density distribution $ρ(σ)$ matches a fixed functional form. Results are presented for the effects of small degrees of polydispersity on the solid-liquid transition of soft spheres.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Light-front quark model analysis of the exclusive rare $B_c\to D_{(s)}(\ell^+\ell^-,ν_{\ell}\barν_{\ell})$ decays
Creators: name: Choi, Ho-Meoyng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the exclusive rare $B_c\to D_{(s)}ν_{\ell}\bar{ν_{\ell}}$ and $B\to D_{(s)}\ell^+\ell^-$ ($\ell=e,μ,τ$) decays within the standard model and the light-front quark model constrained by the variational principle for the QCD motivated effective Hamiltonian. The form factors $f_{\pm}(q^2)$ and $f_T(q^2)$ are obtained from the analytic continuation method in the $q^+=0$ frame. While the form factors $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_T(q^2)$ are free from the zero-mode, the form factor $f_-(q^2)$ is not free from the zero-mode in the $q^+=0$ frame. We discuss the covariance(i.e. frame-independence) of our model calculation and quantify the zero-mode contributions to $f_-(q^2)$ for $B_c\to D_{(s)}$ decays. The branching ratios and the longitudinal lepton polarization asymmetries are calculated with and without the long-distance contributions. Our numerical results for the non-resonant branching ratios for $B_c\to D(D_s)\sumν_{\ell}\bar{ν_{\ell}}$ and $B_c\to D(D_s)\ell^+\ell^-$ are in the order of $10^{-8} (10^{-7})$ and $10^{-9} (10^{-8})$, respectively. The averaged values of the lepton polarization asymmetries obtained from the linear (harmonic oscillator) potential parameters are found to be $-0.99 (-0.99)$ for $B_c\to Dμ^+μ^-$ and $-0.16 (-0.15)$ for $B_c\to Dτ^+τ^-$, and $-0.98 (-0.98)$ for $B_c\to D_sμ^+μ^-$ and $-0.14 (-0.12)$ for $B_c\to D_sτ^+τ^-$, respectively.
description: 11 pages, 8figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Positive Knots and Ribbon Concordance
Creators: name: Boninger, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Ribbon concordances between knots generalize the notion of ribbon knots. Agol, building on work of Gordon, proved ribbon concordance gives a partial order on knots in $S^3$. In previous work, the author and Greene conjectured that positive knots are minimal in this ordering. In this note we prove this conjecture for a large class of positive knots, and show that a positive knot cannot be expressed as a non-trivial band sum -- both results extend earlier theorems of Greene and the author for special alternating knots. In a related direction, we prove that if positive knots $K$ and $K'$ are concordant and $|σ(K)| \geq 2g(K) - 2$, then $K$ and $K'$ have isomorphic rational Alexander modules. This strengthens a result of Stoimenow, and gives evidence toward a conjecture that any concordance class contains at most one positive knot.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome
Forward proton scattering in association with muon pair production via the photon fusion mechanism at the LHC
Creators: name: Godunov, S. I.
name: Karkaryan, E. K.
name: Novikov, V. A.
name: Rozanov, A. N.
name: Vysotsky, M. I.
name: Zhemchugov, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilepton production in proton-proton collision through $γγ$-fusion with one proton scattered elastically while the second produces a hadron jet is considered. Semi-analytical formulas describing the cross section of a muon pair production are presented.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Toward a quantitative approach to migrants integration
Creators: name: Barra, Adriano
name: Contucci, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Migration phenomena and all the related issues, like integration of different social groups, are intrinsically complex problems since they strongly depend on several competitive mechanisms as economic factors, cultural differences and many others. By identifying a few essential assumptions, and using the statistical mechanics of complex systems, we propose a novel quantitative approach that provides a minimal theory for those phenomena. We show that the competitive interactions in decision making among a population of $N$ host citizens and $P$ immigrants, a bi-partite spin-glass, give rise to a "social consciousness" inside the host community in the sense of the associative memory of neural networks. The theory leads to a natural quantitative definition of migrant's "integration" inside the community. From the technical point of view this minimal picture assumes, as control parameters, only general notions like strength of the random interactions, the ratio among the two party sizes and the cultural influence. Few steps forward, toward more refined models, which include some structure on the random interaction topology (as dilution to avoid the plain mean field approach) and correlations of experiences felt among the two parties (biasing the distribution of the coupling) are discussed at the end, where we show the robustness of our approach.
LDA2Net: Digging under the surface of COVID-19 topics in scientific literature
Creators: name: Minello, Giorgia
name: Santagiustina, Carlo R. M. A.
name: Warglien, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P10, 62H22

description: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific literature related to SARS-COV-2 has been growing dramatically, both in terms of the number of publications and of its impact on people's life. This literature encompasses a varied set of sensible topics, ranging from vaccination, to protective equipment efficacy, to lockdown policy evaluation. Up to now, hundreds of thousands of papers have been uploaded on online repositories and published in scientific journals. As a result, the development of digital methods that allow an in-depth exploration of this growing literature has become a relevant issue, both to identify the topical trends of COVID-related research and to zoom-in its sub-themes. This work proposes a novel methodology, called LDA2Net, which combines topic modelling and network analysis to investigate topics under their surface. Specifically, LDA2Net exploits the frequencies of pairs of consecutive words to reconstruct the network structure of topics discussed in the Cord-19 corpus. The results suggest that the effectiveness of topic models can be magnified by enriching them with word network representations, and by using the latter to display, analyse, and explore COVID-related topics at different levels of granularity.
Limit theorems for random spatial drainage networks
Creators: name: Penrose, Mathew D.
name: Wade, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05 (Primary) 60F05, 90B15, 60F25, 05C80 (Secondary)

description: Suppose that under the action of gravity, liquid drains through the unit $d$-cube via a minimal-length network of channels constrained to pass through random sites and to flow with nonnegative component in one of the canonical orthogonal basis directions of $\R^d$, $d \geq 2$. The resulting network is a version of the so-called minimal directed spanning tree. We give laws of large numbers and convergence in distribution results on the large-sample asymptotic behaviour of the total power-weighted edge-length of the network on uniform random points in $(0,1)^d$. The distributional results exhibit a weight-dependent phase transition between Gaussian and boundary-effect-derived distributions. These boundary contributions are characterized in terms of limits of the so-called on-line nearest-neighbour graph, a natural model of spatial network evolution, for which we also present some new results. Also, we give a convergence in distribution result for the length of the longest edge in the drainage network; when $d=2$, the limit is expressed in terms of Dickman-type variables.
description: 33 pages, 1 colour figure
Mesoscopic oscillator in U-shape with giant persistent current
Creators: name: He, Yanzhang
name: Bao, Chengguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mesoscopic oscillator in U-shape has been proposed and studied. Making use of a magnetic flux together with a potential of confinement, the electron contained in the oscillator has been localized initially and an amount of energy has been thereby stored. Then a sudden cancellation of both the potential and the flux may cause an initial current which initiates a periodic motion of the electron from one end of the U-oscillator to the opposite end, and repeatedly. The period is adjustable. The current associated with the periodic motion can be tuned very strong (say, more than two orders larger than the current of the usual Aharonov-Bohm oscillation). Related theory and numerical results are presented.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, submitted to PRB
Change of quantum correlation for two simultaneously accelerated observers
Creators: name: Li, Yue
name: Pan, Yongjie
name: Zhang, Baocheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of Unruh effect on the quantum and classical correlation of a quantum entangled state is investigated, when one or two of the observers are accelerated. It is found that the quantum and classical correlation would approach to a finite value with the increase of the acceleration when only one observer is accelerated, but they would decrease to zero quickly when two observers are accelerated. The latter result implies that the gravitational field would break the correlation obviously when the acceleration is caused by the gravitational field. Thus, when the two observers stay in the gravitational field, the quantum or classical correlation would not easy to be preserved for a long time.
New formulation of the load-flow problem
Creators: name: Jalali-Kushki, Hossein
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The new formulation of the load-flow problem presented in this thesis yields a set of equations each of which has only one nonlinear term. The equations are derived from the corrections required to make the final values equal to the initial estimated values. The resultant set of equations can be used when the initial estimated values are adjusted to their final values. However, derivation of the equations for this latter case results in a set of equations with (n-1) nonlinear terms in each equation for an n-bus power system. Five algorithms based upon the new formulation are described. Numerical tests on several sample power systems show that some of the new algorithms possess better convergence and speed characteristics than the commonly used Ward-Hale and Newton algorithms.
Differential attenuation in star-forming galaxies at 0.3 $\lesssim$ $z$ $\lesssim$ 1.5 in the SHARDS/CANDELS field
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Muñoz, L.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Pérez-González, P. G.
name: Talia, M.
name: Baronchelli, I.
name: Morselli, L.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Puglisi, A.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Zanella, A.
name: Mancini, C.
name: Feltre, A.
name: Romano, M.
name: García, A. Vidal
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Pampliega, B. Alcalde
name: Cassata, P.
name: Costantin, L.
name: Sánchez, H. Domínguez
name: Espino-Briones, N.
name: Iani, E.
name: Koekemoer, A.
name: Lumbreras-Calle, A.
name: Rodríguez-Espinosa, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of 706 galaxies, selected as [OII]$λ$3727 ([OII]) emitters in the Survey for High-$z$ Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) on the CANDELS/GOODS-N field, to study the differential attenuation of the nebular emission with respect to the stellar continuum. The sample includes only galaxies with a counterpart in the infrared and $\mathrm{log}_{10}(M_{*}/\mathrm{M}_{\odot})$ $>$ 9, over the redshift interval 0.3 $\lesssim$ $z$ $\lesssim$ 1.5. Our methodology consists in the comparison of the star formation rates inferred from [OII] and H$α$ emission lines with a robust quantification of the total star-forming activity (${SFR}_{\mathrm{TOT}}$) that is independently estimated based on both infrared and ultraviolet (UV) luminosities. We obtain $f$$=$$E(B-V)_{\mathrm{stellar}}$/$E(B-V)_{\mathrm{nebular}}$ $=$ 0.69$^{0.71}_{0.69}$ and 0.55$^{0.56}_{0.53}$ for [OII] and H$α$, respectively. Our resulting $f$-factors display a significant positive correlation with the UV attenuation and shallower or not-significant trends with the stellar mass, the $SFR_{\mathrm{TOT}}$, the distance to the main sequence, and the redshift. Finally, our results favour an average nebular attenuation curve similar in shape to the typical dust curve of local starbursts.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Refractive index and extinction coefficient of vapor-deposited water ice in the UV-Vis range
Creators: name: He, Jiao
name: Diamant, Sharon J. M.
name: Wang, Siyu
name: Yu, Haochuan
name: Rocha, Will R. M.
name: Rachid, Marina
name: Linnartz, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laboratory results of the optical properties of vapor-deposited water ice, specifically the refractive index and extinction coefficient, are available mainly for a selective set of wavelengths and a limited number of deposition temperatures. Experimental limitations are the main reason for the lack of broadband data, which is unfortunate as these quantities are needed to interpret and predict astronomical and planetary observations. The goal of this work is to address these lacking data, using an experimental broadband method that is capable of rapidly providing reliable water ice data across the entire UV-visible range. This approach combines the simultaneous use of a monochromatic HeNe laser and a broadband Xe-arc lamp to record interference fringes of water ice during deposition at astronomically relevant ice temperatures. The ice thickness is typically more than 20 $μ$m. Analyzing the period and intensity patterns combining both the monochromatic and broadband interference patterns allows the determination of the wavelength-dependent refractive index and extinction coefficient. We present accurate refractive index and extinction coefficient graphs for wavelengths between 250 and 750 nm and ices deposited between 30 and 160 K. From our data, we find a possible structural change in the ice in the 110-130 K region that has not been reported before. We also discuss that the data presented in this paper can be used to interpret astronomical observations of icy surfaces.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Pion Form Factor in QCD Sum Rules with Nonlocal Condensates and in the Local-Duality Approach
Creators: name: Bakulev, Alexander P.
name: Pimikov, A. V.
name: Stefanis, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the QCD sum-rule approach for the spacelike electromagnetic pion form factor in the $O(α_s)$ approximation. We show that the nonlocality of the condensates is a key point to include nonperturbative contributions to the pion form factor. We compare our results with the Local-Duality predictions and show that the continuum threshold $s_0(Q^2)$ parameter is highly underestimated in the Local-Duality approach at $Q^2\gtrsim 2$ GeV$^2$. Using our fit for this parameter, $s_0^\text{LD}(Q^2)$, and applying the fractional analytic perturbation theory, we estimate with an accuracy of the order of 1% the $O(α_s^2)$ contribution to the pion's form factor.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, talk presented by the first author at Workshop "Recent Advances in Perturbative QCD and Hadronic Physics", 20--25 July 2009, ECT*, Trento (Italy), in Honor of Prof. Anatoly Efremov's 75th Birthday Celebration
Reactions to contact and colonization : an interpretation of religious and social change among Indians of British Columbia
Creators: name: Rumley, Hilary Eileen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis examines the development of the reactions of Indians of British Columbia to contact and colonization. It is maintained that religious and social changes which have occurred among Indians of British Columbia since contact with the White man can best be understood when interpreted as phases in a continuous process of development. This process of change began with the emergence of prophet movements at approximately the same time as the White man's presence was beginning to be felt in the area. These prophet movements exhibited characteristics typical of messianic movements elsewhere. Native prophets predicted the arrival of White men, their power and possessions. When missionaries arrived in the area they were generally accorded an enthusiastic reception. The appeal of missionary Christianity is analysed with reference to the millenial ambience established in the earlier prophet movements and to the messages and media communicated by the missionaries. For many Indians, it is argued, conversion to Christianity was equivalent to participating in a millenarian activity. An examination of typical converts and Christian communities established by various missionaries reveals the attempt by many Indians to adopt White culture and realize the expectations apparent in the prophet movements. Disillusionment with missionary Christianity was the result of the widening colonial experience. Although desiring equality with the White man, Indians remained politically, economically and socially subordinate. Conversion to Christianity had not succeeded in satisfying Indian needs and expectations. Indians began asserting a desire for independent control of their own affairs, a desire found among colonial peoples in other parts of the world. But the nature of the colonial situation in Canada has left the Indians a minority group with no effective political power, and thus assertions of Indian nationalism in British Columbia have been directed into such activities as political pressure groups, the revival of Indian spirit dancing and other ceremonials.
Comparison of an approximately isothermal gravitational potentials of elliptical galaxies based on X-ray and optical data
Creators: name: Churazov, E.
name: Tremaine, S.
name: Forman, W.
name: Gerhard, O.
name: Das, P.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Jones, C.
name: Boehringer, H.
name: Gebhardt, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze six X-ray bright elliptical galaxies, observed with Chandra and XMM-Newton, and approximate their gravitational potentials by isothermal spheres phi(r)=v_c^2 ln(r) over a range of radii from ~0.5 to ~25 kpc. We then compare the circular speed v_c derived from X-ray data with the estimators available from optical data. In particular we discuss two simple and robust procedures for evaluating the circular speed of the galaxy using the observed optical surface brightness and the line-of-sight velocity dispersion profiles. The best fitting relation between the circular speeds derived from optical observations of stars and X-ray observations of hot gas is v_{c,opt}~ η* v_{c,X}, where η=1.10-1.15 (depending on the method), suggesting, albeit with large statistical and systematic uncertainties, that non-thermal pressure on average contributes ~20-30% of the gas thermal pressure.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Imbalanced spin couplings in the copper hexameter compounds A2Cu3O(SO4)3 (A2=Na2, NaK, K2)
Creators: name: Furrer, A.
name: Podlesnyak, A.
name: Pomjakushina, E.
name: Pomjakushin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minerals A2Cu3O(SO4)3 (A2=Na2, NaK, K2) constitute quantum spin systems with copper hexamers as basic structural units. Strong intra-hexamer spin couplings give rise to an effective triplet ground-state. Weak inter-hexamer spin couplings are responsible for two-dimensional long-range magnetic order in the (b,c)-plane below 3.0
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Paradox of Diversity in the Collective Brain: Supplementary Material from Paradox of diversity in the collective brain
Creators: name: Schimmelpfennig, Robin
name: Razek, Layla
name: Schnell, Eric
name: Muthukrishna, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Description of paradox of diversity model; Python code for paradox of diversity
Quark mass dependence of thermal excitations in QCD in one-loop approximation
Creators: name: Seipt, D.
name: Bluhm, M.
name: Kampfer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive determination of the quark mass dependence in the dispersion relations of thermal excitations of gluons and quarks in non-Abelian gauge theory (QCD) is presented for the one-loop approximation in Feynman gauge. Larger values of the coupling are admitted, and the gauge dependence is discussed. In a Dyson-Schwinger type approach, the effect of higher orders is estimated for asymptotic thermal masses.
description: Oct 2008. 25 pp
Birefringence of interferential mirrors at normal incidence Experimental and computational study
Creators: name: Bielsa, Franck
name: Dupays, Arnaud
name: Fouché, Mathilde
name: Battesti, Remy
name: Robilliard, Cécile
name: Rizzo, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a review of the existing data on interferential mirror birefringence. We also report new measurements of two sets of mirrors that confirm that mirror phase retardation per reflection decreases when mirror reflectivity increases. We finally developed a computational code to calculate the expected phase retardation per reflection as a function of the total number of layers constituting the mirror. Different cases have been studied and we have compared computational results with the trend of the experimental data. Our study indicates that the origin of the mirror intrinsic birefringence can be ascribed to the reflecting layers close to the substrate.
description: To be published in Applied Physics B
title: The OSMOND detector
Creators: name: Bateman, JE
name: Dalgliesh, R M
name: Duxbury, DM
name: Helsby, WI
name: Holt, S A
name: McPhail, D
name: Marsh, AS
name: Rhodes, N J
name: Schooneveld, E M
name: Spill, EJ
name: Stephenson, R
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Facilities Council
Year: 2012

description: The development and testing of the Off Specular MicrOstrip Neutron Detector (OSMOND) is described. Based on a Microstrip Gas Chamber the aim of the project was to produce a high counting rate detector capable of replacing the existing rate limited scintillator detectors currently in use on the CRISP reflectometer for off specular reflectometry experiments. The detector system is described together with results of neutron beam tests carried out at the ISIS spallation neutron source.
title: The FastGas detector
Creators: name: Bateman, JE
name: Dalgliesh, R M
name: Duxbury, DM
name: Holt, S A
name: McPhail, David
name: Marsh, AS
name: Rhodes, N J
name: Schooneveld, E M
name: Spill, EJ
name: Stephenson, R
Publisher: name: STFC
Year: 2009

description: The development and testing of the FastGas neutron detector is described. Based on a Microstrip Gas Chamber the aim of the project was to produce a high counting rate detector capable of replacing the existing (superscript)3He tubes for specular reflectometry, currently in use on the ISIS reflectometer instruments. The detector system is descrbed together with results of neutron beam tests carried out at the ISIS spallation neutron source.
Hybrid Digital Twin for process industry using Apros simulation environment
Creators: name: Azangoo, Mohammad
name: Salmi, Joonas
name: Yrjölä, Iivo
name: Bensky, Jonathan
name: Santillan, Gerardo
name: Papakonstantinou, Nikolaos
name: Sierla, Seppo
name: Vyatkin, Valeriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Making an updated and as-built model plays an important role in the life-cycle of a process plant. In particular, Digital Twin models must be precise to guarantee the efficiency and reliability of the systems. Data-driven models can simulate the latest behavior of the sub-systems by considering uncertainties and life-cycle related changes. This paper presents a step-by-step concept for hybrid Digital Twin models of process plants using an early implemented prototype as an example. It will detail the steps for updating the first-principles model and Digital Twin of a brownfield process system using data-driven models of the process equipment. The challenges for generation of an as-built hybrid Digital Twin will also be discussed. With the help of process history data to teach Machine Learning models, the implemented Digital Twin can be continually improved over time and this work in progress can be further optimized.
Measuring Discrete Sensing Capability for ISAC via Task Mutual Information
Creators: name: Shang, Fei
name: Du, Haohua
name: Yang, Panlong
name: He, Xin
name: Wang, Jingjing
name: Li, Xiang-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: 6G technology offers a broader range of possibilities for communication systems to perform ubiquitous sensing tasks, including health monitoring, object recognition, and autonomous driving. Since even minor environmental changes can significantly degrade system performance, and conducting long-term posterior experimental evaluations in all scenarios is often infeasible, it is crucial to perform a priori performance assessments to design robust and reliable systems. In this paper, we consider a discrete ubiquitous sensing system where the sensing target has \(m\) different states \(W\), which can be characterized by \(n\)-dimensional independent features \(X^n\). This model not only provides the possibility of optimizing the sensing systems at a finer granularity and balancing communication and sensing resources, but also provides theoretical explanations for classical intuitive feelings (like more modalities and more accuracy) in wireless sensing. Furthermore, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed channel model through real-case studies, including person identification, displacement detection, direction estimation, and device recognition. The evaluation results indicate a Pearson correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9 between our task mutual information and conventional experimental metrics (e.g., accuracy). The open source address of the code is: https://github.com/zaoanhh/DTMI
On Growth Functions of Coxeter Groups
Creators: name: Bischof, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55, 51F15

description: Let $(W, S)$ be a Coxeter system of rank $n$ and let $p_{(W, S)}(t)$ be its growth function. It is known that $p_{(W, S)}(q^{-1}) < \infty$ holds for all $n \leq q \in \mathbb{N}$. In this paper we will show that this still holds for $q = n-1$, if $(W, S)$ is $2$-spherical. Moreover, we will prove that $p_{(W, S)}(q^{-1}) = \infty$ holds for $q = n-2$, if the Coxeter diagram of $(W, S)$ is the complete graph. These two results provide a complete characterization of the finiteness of the growth function in the case of $2$-spherical Coxeter systems with complete Coxeter diagram.
description: 11 pages
Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics program, using event samples collected in 2010-2018 with several collision systems and energies. These studies provide detailed macroscopic and microscopic probes of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created at the LHC energies, a medium characterized by the highest temperature and smallest baryon-chemical potential ever reached in the laboratory. Numerous observables related to high-density quantum chromodynamics (QCD) were studied, leading to some of the most impactful and qualitatively novel results in the 40-year history of the field. Using a dedicated high-multiplicity trigger in the first pp run, CMS discovered that small collision systems can exhibit signs of collectivity, a generic phenomenon with significant implications and presently understood to affect essentially all soft physics processes. This observation opened new paths to understand how fluidity and plasma properties emerge in QCD matter as a function of system size. Measurements of jet quenching have reached a completely new level of detail by directly assessing, for the first time, the medium modification of parton showers, as opposed to simply observing leading hadrons or di-hadrons. The first fully reconstructed beauty hadron and heavy-flavor jet nuclear modifications were also measured. The large size of the event samples, the precision of the measurements, and the extension of the probed kinematical phase space, allowed many other hard probes of the QGP medium to be explored in detail, leading to multiple groundbreaking findings. In particular, the seminal measurements of bottomonium suppression patterns answer fundamental questions that have been actively pursued, both theoretically and experimentally, by the community since the mid-1980s. We conclude by outlining the opportunities offered by the continuation of this physics program at the LHC.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-23-011 (CMS Public Pages)
Presentation: Specific Immunomodulatory Effect Of Water Extract Of Stachytarpheta Jamaicensis Herbs
Creators: name: Suci Nar Vikasari
name: Wahyuningsih, Sri
name: Sutjiatmo, Afifah Bambang
name: Razaq, Abdul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This material presented in ACHOST 2020
Imaging Molecules from Within: Ultra-fast, Ångström Scale Structure Determination of Molecules via Photoelectron Holography using Free Electron Lasers
Creators: name: Krasniqi, F.
name: Najjari, B.
name: Strüder, L.
name: Rolles, D.
name: Voitkiv, A.
name: Ullrich, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new scheme based on (i) upcoming brilliant X-ray Free Electron Laser (FEL) sources, (ii) novel energy and angular dispersive, large-area electron imagers and (iii) the well-known photoelectron holography is elaborated that provides time-dependent three-dimensional structure determination of small to medium sized molecules with Ångström spatial and femtosecond time resolution. Inducing molecular dynamics, wave-packet motion, dissociation, passage through conical intersections or isomerization by a pump pulse this motion is visualized by the X-ray FEL probe pulse launching keV photoelectrons within few femtoseconds from specific and well-defined sites, deep core levels of individual atoms, inside the molecule. On their way out the photoelectrons are diffracted generating a hologram on the detector that encodes the molecular structure at the instant of photoionization, thus providing 'femtosecond snapshot images of the molecule from within'. Detailed calculations in various approximations of increasing sophistication are presented and three-dimensional retrieval of the spatial structure of the molecule with Ångström spatial resolution is demonstrated. Due to the large photo-absorption cross sections the method extends X-ray diffraction based, time-dependent structure investigations envisioned at FELs to new classes of samples that are not accessible by any other method. Among them are dilute samples in the gas phase such as aligned, oriented or conformer selected molecules, ultra-cold ensembles and/or molecular or cluster objects containing mainly light atoms that do not scatter X-rays efficiently.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Chaos in a deformed Dicke model
Creators: name: Corps, Ángel L.
name: Molina, Rafael A.
name: Relaño, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior in an important class of excited state quantum phase transitions is signaled by the presence of a new constant of motion only at one side of the critical energy. We study the impact of this phenomenon in the development of chaos in a modified version of the paradigmatic Dicke model of quantum optics, in which a perturbation is added that breaks the parity symmetry. Two asymmetric energy wells appear in the semiclassical limit of the model, whose consequences are studied both in the classical and in the quantum cases. Classically, Poincaré sections reveal that the degree of chaos not only depends on the energy of the initial condition chosen, but also on the particular energy well structure of the model. In the quantum case, Peres lattices of physical observables show that the appearance of chaos critically depends on the quantum conserved number provided by this constant of motion. The conservation law defined by this constant is shown to allow for the coexistence between chaos and regularity at the same energy. We further analyze the onset of chaos in relation with an additional conserved quantity that the model can exhibit.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of DiscovEpi: automated whole proteome MHC-I-epitope prediction and visualization
Creators: name: Mahncke, C.
name: Schmiedeke, F.
name: Simm, S.
name: Kaderali, L.
name: Bröker, B. M.
name: Seifert, U.
name: Cammann, C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary file1
Chandra astrometry sets a tight upper limit to the proper motion of SGR 1900+14
Creators: name: De Luca, A.
name: Caraveo, P. A.
name: Esposito, P.
name: Hurley, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft gamma-ray repeater (SGR) SGR 1900+14 lies a few arcminutes outside the edge of the shell supernova remnant (SNR) G42.8+0.6. A physical association between the two systems has been proposed - for this and other SGR-SNR pairs - based on the expectation of high space velocities for SGRs in the framework of the magnetar model. The large angular separation between the SGR and the SNR center, coupled with the young age of the system, suggest a test of the association with a proper motion measurement. We used a set of three Chandra/ACIS observations of the field spanning 5 years to perform accurate relative astrometry in order to measure the possible angular displacement of the SGR as a function of time. Our investigation sets a 3-sigma upper limit of 70 mas/yr to the overall proper motion of the SGR. Such a value argues against an association of SGR 1900+14 with G42.8+0.6 and adds further support to the mounting evidence for an origin of the SGR within a nearby, compact cluster of massive stars.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 4 pages in emulate-apj style
Experimental demonstration of ultrathin broken-symmetry metasurfaces with controllably sharp resonant response
Creators: name: Tsilipakos, Odysseas
name: Maiolo, Luca
name: Maita, Francesco
name: Beccherelli, Romeo
name: Kafesaki, Maria
name: Kriezis, Emmanouil E.
name: Yioultsis, Traianos V.
name: Zografopoulos, Dimitrios C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry-protected resonances can be made to couple with free space by introducing a small degree of geometric asymmetry, leading to controllably-sharp spectral response. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a broken-symmetry metasurface for the technologically important low millimeter wave spectrum. The proposed metasurface is fabricated on an ultrathin polyimide substrate, resulting in a low loss and flexible structure. Measurements inside an anechoic chamber experimentally verify the theoretically predicted sharp spectral features corresponding to quality factors of several hundreds. The demonstrated sharp response is also observed with the complementary structure which responds to the orthogonal linear polarization (Babinet's principle). The designed metasurfaces can be exploited in diverse applications favoured by a controllably-sharp spectral response, e.g., filtering, sensing, switching, nonlinear applications, in either reflection or transmission mode operation. More generally, the demonstrated fabrication process provides a generic platform for low-cost, large-scale engineering of metasurfaces with minimal substrate-induced effects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary Figures from Intraspecific antagonism through viral toxin encoded by chronic Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus
Creators: name: DeWerff, Samantha J.
name: Zhang, Changyi
name: Schneider, John
name: Whitaker, Rachel J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Virus–host interactions evolve along a symbiosis continuum from antagonism to mutualism. Long-term associations between virus and host, such as those in chronic infection, will select for traits that drive the interaction towards mutualism, especially when susceptible hosts are rare in the population. Virus–host mutualism has been demonstrated in thermophilic archaeal populations where Sulfolobus spindle-shaped viruses (SSVs) provide a competitive advantage to their host Sulfolobus islandicus by producing a toxin that kills uninfected strains. Here, we determine the genetic basis of this killing phenotype by identifying highly transcribed genes in cells that are chronically infected with a diversity of SSVs. We demonstrate that these genes alone confer growth inhibition by being expressed in uninfected cells via a Sulfolobus expression plasmid. Challenge of chronically infected strains with vector-expressed toxins revealed a nested network of cross-toxicity among divergent SSVs, with both broad and specific toxin efficacies. This suggests that competition between viruses and/or their hosts could maintain toxin diversity. We propose that competitive interactions among chronic viruses to promote their host fitness form the basis of virus–host mutualism.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The secret lives of microbial mobile genetic elements’.
$Λ_b \to p, Λ$ transition form factors from QCD light-cone sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Ming
name: Shen, Yue-Long
name: Lu, Cai-Dian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-cone sum rules for the $Λ_b \to p, Λ$ transition form factors are derived from the correlation functions expanded by the twist of the distribution amplitudes of $Λ_b$ baryon. In terms of the $Λ_b$ three-quark distribution amplitudes models constrained by the QCD theory, we calculate the form factors at small momentum transfers and compare the results with that estimated in the conventional light-cone sum rules (LCSR) and perturbative QCD approaches. Our results indicate that the two different version of sum rules can lead to the consistent numbers of form factors responsible for $Λ_b \to p$ transition. The $Λ_b \to Λ$ transition form factors from LCSR with the asymptotic $Λ$ baryon distribution amplitudes are found to be almost one order larger than that obtained in the $Λ_b$-baryon LCSR, implying that the pre-asymptotic corrections to the baryonic distribution amplitudes are of great importance. Moreover, SU(3) symmetry breaking effect between the form factors $f_1^{Λ_b \to p}$ and $f_1^{Λ_b \to Λ}$ are computed as $28^{+14}_{-8} %$ in the framework of $Λ_b$-baryon LCSR.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Singular statistics revised
Creators: name: Tudorovskiy, Timur
name: Kuhl, Ulrich
name: Stoeckmann, Hans-Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper we analyze the "singular statistics" of pseudointegrable Seba billiards and show that taking into account growing number of resonances one observes the transition from "semi-Poissonian"-like statistics to Poissonian. This observation is in agreement with an argument that a classical particle does not feel a point perturbation. However, our findings contradict results reported earlier (P. Seba, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1855 (1990)).
description: 22 pages, 11 figures; submitted to New Journal of Physics
Proca equations derived from first principles
Creators: name: Gondran, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gersten has shown how Maxwell equations can be derived from first principles, similar to those which have been used to obtain the Dirac relativistic electron equation. We show how Proca equations can be also deduced from first principles, similar to those which have been used to find Dirac and Maxwell equations. Contrary to Maxwell equations, it is necessary to introduce a potential in order to transform a second order differential equation, as the Klein-Gordon equation, into a first order differential equation, like Proca equations.
description: 6 pages
Proper Inference for Value Function in High-Dimensional Q-Learning for Dynamic Treatment Regimes
Creators: name: Zeng, D.
name: Song, R.
name: Zhu, W.
Publisher: name: American Statistical Association
Year: 2019

description: Dynamic treatment regimes are a set of decision rules and each treatment decision is tailored over time according to patients’ responses to previous treatments as well as covariate history. There is a growing interest in development of correct statistical inference for optimal dynamic treatment regimes to handle the challenges of nonregularity problems in the presence of nonrespondents who have zero-treatment effects, especially when the dimension of the tailoring variables is high. In this article, we propose a high-dimensional Q-learning (HQ-learning) to facilitate the inference of optimal values and parameters. The proposed method allows us to simultaneously estimate the optimal dynamic treatment regimes and select the important variables that truly contribute to the individual reward. At the same time, hard thresholding is introduced in the method to eliminate the effects of the nonrespondents. The asymptotic properties for the parameter estimators as well as the estimated optimal value function are then established by adjusting the bias due to thresholding. Both simulation studies and real data analysis demonstrate satisfactory performance for obtaining the proper inference for the value function for the optimal dynamic treatment regimes. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.