cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ecological challenges for the buffer zone management of a West African National Park
Creators: name: Komina Honam Atsri
name: Komla Elikplim Abotsi
name: Kouami Kokou
name: Dendi, Daniele
name: Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude
name: Fa, John E.
name: Luiselli, Luca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: In sub-Saharan Africa, the management of buffer zones around protected areas does not often take into serious account the needs of resource exploitation by the local populations or the conservation needs of these areas. We described the ecological characteristics and management issues affecting the buffer zone around the Fazao-Malfakassa National Park; a 192,000-ha protected area in central-western Togo of utmost conservation importance within the Dahomey Gap region. Within the buffer zone (10 km radius, 334,800 ha), we focussed on four high conservation value areas totalling 65,594 ha (20% of the total buffer zone area). Using 2015 sentinel-2 images we analyzed land cover patterns and described existing ecological zones. We complemented these with field surveys and interviews with 300 people living in 22 villages within the buffer zone to describe the conditions affecting the resident human population. Although over 60% of the total buffer zone area is degraded, we identified four areas of high conservation value (total area = 65,594 ha). Interviewees recognized that slash-and-burn was the most common form of land use, followed by agroforestry practices. Agriculture, charcoal, and firewood production were the main drivers affecting habitats, and land conflicts were recurrent due to the rise in human population. The decline in agriculture, reported by interviewees in some sectors, was attributable to ravages of crops by elephants. Three independent diversity indices showed that, in preserved zones, a greater diversity of animals (with similar utilization frequencies) were hunted than in degraded sites (where grasscutters were the dominant hunted species). There were also significant differences between degraded and preserved zones in terms of plants used for charcoal production and for non-timber forest products. We advocate the development of community-controlled hunting areas to enhance the conservation value of the four well-preserved zones. Instead, promoting sustainable agricultural production systems in the degraded areas can help to further stabilize the agricultural front and reduce land pressure on the park.
Motion of a Relativistic Particle and the Vacuum
Creators: name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vacuum medium model is advanced. The motion of a relativistic particle in relation to its interaction with the medium is discussed. It is predicted that elementary excitations of the vacuum, called "inertons," should exist. The equations of the particle path in Euclidean space are derived. The motion is marked by the relations basic for quantum mechanics: $E=hν$ and $Mv = h/ λ$ (here, $λ$ is the amplitude of spatial oscillations of the particle along the trajectory, i.e., the interval at which the velocity of the particle is periodically altered from $v$ to 0 and then from 0 to $v$; $ν$ is the frequency of these oscillations). Analysis is performed on the transition to wave mechanics where $λ$ manifests itself as the de Broglie wavelength and $ν$ is the distinctive frequency of the "particle-wave". A prerequisite for the wave solution to be Lorentz-invariant is treated. A hypothesis for a plausible hydrodynamic description of the relativistic particle motion is covered.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX 2e, 2 figures (PostScript files)
title: Early, Old, New and Comparative Regionalism
title: The Scholarly Development of the Field
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Söderbaum, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: By tracing the intellectual roots and main characteristics of the scholarly debates on regionalism in different time periods, this Working Paper seeks to contribute to the consolidation of a fragmented field of study in search of its own intellectual history. The paper identifies four main intellectual phases: early regionalism, old regionalism (in both Europe and the developing world), new regionalism, and the current phase of regionalism, referred to as comparative regionalism. It argues that progress in the study of (comparative) regionalism requires a better understanding of the intellectual roots of the field and an acknowledgment of the many types of regions that have occurred in many different historical contexts.
Additional file 1 of Non-destructive estimation of field maize biomass using terrestrial lidar: an evaluation from plot level to individual leaf level
Creators: name: Jin, Shichao
name: Su, Yanjun
name: Song, Shilin
name: Xu, Kexin
name: Hu, Tianyu
name: Yang, Qiuli
name: Wu, Fangfang
name: Xu, Guangcai
name: Ma, Qin
name: Guan, Hongcan
name: Pang, Shuxin
name: Li, Yumei
name: Guo, Qinghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Point cloud examples of three randomly selected profiles with a width of 0.4 m.
A minimal-variable symplectic method for isospectral flows
Creators: name: Viviani, Milo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37M15, 65P10, 37J15, 53D20, 70H06,

description: Isospectral flows are abundant in mathematical physics; the rigid body, the the Toda lattice, the Brockett flow, the Heisenberg spin chain, and point vortex dynamics, to mention but a few. Their connection on the one hand with integrable systems and, on the other, with Lie--Poisson systems motivates the research for optimal numerical schemes to solve them. Several works about numerical methods to integrate isospectral flows have produced a large varieties of solutions to this problem. However, many of these algorithms are not intrinsically defined in the space where the equations take place and/or rely on computationally heavy transformations. In the literature, only few examples of numerical methods avoiding these issues are known, for instance, the \textit{spherical midpoint method} on $\SO(3)$. In this paper we introduce a new minimal-variable, second order, numerical integrator for isospectral flows intrinsically defined on quadratic Lie algebras and symmetric matrices. The algorithm is isospectral for general isospectral flows and Lie--Poisson preserving when the isospectral flow is Hamiltonian. The simplicity of the scheme, together with its structure-preserving properties, makes it a competitive alternative to those already present in literature.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Nature Comms Source Data_ALL.zip
Creators: name: Sandanaraj, Edwin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111203 Cancer Genetics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111202 Cancer Diagnosis
subject: 111204 Cancer Therapy (excl. Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy)
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology

description: Intratumoral heterogeneity is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) tumors, thought to negatively influence therapeutic outcome. Previous studies showed that mesenchymal tumors fare more poorly than the proneural subtype. We focused on STAT3 because its activation precedes the proneural-mesenchymal transition. We first established a STAT3 gene signature that stratifies GBM patients into STAT3-high and -low cohorts. STAT3 inhibitor treatment selectively mitigated STAT3-high cell viability and tumorigenicity in orthotopic mouse xenograft models. Additionally, we defined the mechanism underlying resistance in STAT3-low cells by combining STAT3 signature analysis with kinome screen data on STAT3 inhibitor-treated cells. This allows us to draw connections between kinases affected by STAT3 inhibitors, their associated transcription factors and target genes. We demonstrate that dual inhibition of IGF-1R and STAT3 sensitized STAT3-low cells and improved survival in mice. Our study underscores the importance of serially profiling tumors so as to accurately target individuals who may demonstrate molecular subtype switching.
title: Producción de conocimientos en torno al clima
title: procesos históricos de exclusión/apropiación de saberes y territorios de mujeres y pueblos indígenas
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ulloa, Astrid
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pueblos indígenas
subject: Mujeres indígenas
subject: Colombia
subject: Geopolíticas del conocimiento
subject: Territorialización/desterritorialización
subject: Cambio climático
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: En este texto se plantea que las imágenes y representaciones sobre de los pueblos y las mujeres indígenas, en los discursos ambientales contemporáneos, incluyendo los de cambio climático, responden a representaciones, que de alguna manera están articuladas con historias coloniales, y que reproducen unas relaciones de género, semejanza/diferencia y de exclusión/apropiación. La articulaciones entre naturalezagénero-indígenas evidencian las complejas articulaciones entre ciencia, género y política. Las políticas globales y públicas sobre lo ambiental y el cambio climático, sustentadas en conocimientos científicos, han naturalizado relaciones de género y localizado conocimientos e identidades, generando unas geopolíticas de lo ambiental de desterritorialización/territorialización y de descontextualización de saberes en torno al clima, que conllevan a la generación y mantenimiento de desigualdades y exclusiones. Finalmente, se analizan las propuestas indígenas de alter geopolíticas de conocimiento, representaciones y auto determinación ambiental como opciones claras para reconfigurar las geopolíticas del clima.
Can Chameleons Lead Change?  The Effect of Resistance to Change on High Self-Monitoring Leaders' Strength of Purpose
Creators: Morris, Robert B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Organizational behavior

description: The evidence linking self-monitoring(Snyder, 1974) and leadership suggests that it is better to be high than low in self-monitoring regarding leader effectiveness (Day et al., 2002); however, social responsiveness could be a double-edged sword when it comes to leading organization change. It was hypothesized that high self-monitoring (HSM) leaders would launch change in a participative manner and create positive conditions for change, but they would lack strength of purpose for leading the effort in the face of resistance. Grit (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews & Kelly, 2007), an individual characteristic introduced recently by positive psychologists, is potentially a positive characteristic of change leaders. It was also predicted that grit would be a positive predictor of leader strength of purpose for leading change. Drawing on these literatures, a theoretical model was developed and tested to examine the interaction effect of these two characteristics and a change leader's situation (resistance or support) on strength of purpose (commitment to change goals and intentions to stay with the organization). Two surveys, one scenario-based and one experience-based, were administered to senior leaders (mean age = 43) from across the globe representing a wide range of industries and job functions. The results provided some support that self-monitoring interacted with the leader situation to predict leader approach to change in the scenario survey group, but not in the experience survey group. The findings also demonstrated support for self-monitoring theory in that cultural context moderated the relationship between self-monitoring and leader approach to change, such that HSMs' approach varied significantly depending on whether they were leading change inside or outside their own country of origin (i.e., nationality) whereas LSMs did not vary their approach across these different contexts. The prediction that grit would predict leader strength of purpose was unsupported. It was also found that cultural context moderated the relationship between leader situation and intentions to stay with the organization such that, in conditions of less support (i.e., resistance) from one's established in-group (nationality or societal culture match between the leader and change recipients), leaders expressed higher intentions to leave than when unsupported in out-group conditions. These results and the implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Measurement of $W^{\pm}$-boson and $Z$-boson production cross-sections in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production cross-sections for $W^{\pm}$ and $Z$ bosons are measured using ATLAS data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.0 pb$^{-1}$ collected at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV. The decay channels $W \rightarrow \ell ν$ and $Z \rightarrow \ell \ell $ are used, where $\ell$ can be an electron or a muon. The cross-sections are presented for a fiducial region defined by the detector acceptance and are also extrapolated to the full phase space for the total inclusive production cross-section. The combined (average) total inclusive cross-sections for the electron and muon channels are: \begin{eqnarray} σ^{\text{tot}}_{W^{+}\rightarrow \ell ν}& = & 2312 \pm 26\ (\text{stat.})\ \pm 27\ (\text{syst.}) \pm 72\ (\text{lumi.}) \pm 30\ (\text{extr.})\text{pb} \nonumber, \\ σ^{\text{tot}}_{W^{-}\rightarrow \ell ν}& = & 1399 \pm 21\ (\text{stat.})\ \pm 17\ (\text{syst.}) \pm 43\ (\text{lumi.}) \pm 21\ (\text{extr.})\text{pb} \nonumber, \\ σ^{\text{tot}}_{Z \rightarrow \ell \ell}& = & 323.4 \pm 9.8\ (\text{stat.}) \pm 5.0\ (\text{syst.}) \pm 10.0\ (\text{lumi.}) \pm 5.5 (\text{extr.}) \text{pb} \nonumber. \end{eqnarray} Measured ratios and asymmetries constructed using these cross-sections are also presented. These observables benefit from full or partial cancellation of many systematic uncertainties that are correlated between the different measurements.
description: 43 pages in total, Author list starts at page 27, 7 figures, 9 tables, to be submitted to EPJ C. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2018-06/
title: Desigualdades de conocimiento y estrategias para reducir las asimetrías
title: El trabajo de campo compartido y la negociación transdisciplinaria
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Vessuri, Hebe
name: Sánchez-Rose, Isabelle
name: Hernández-Valencia, Ismael
name: Hernández, Lionel
name: Bravo, Lelys
name: Rodríguez, Iokiñe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: desigualdades y conocimientos
subject: culturas disciplinarias
subject: investigación transdisciplinaria
subject: Parque Nacional Canaima
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: En el ámbito de prácticas concretas de investigación en el que intervienen diferentes culturas de prácticas disciplinarias junto con otros actores sociales no disciplinarios, adquieren relevancia las asimetrías y diferencias que se presentan, no sólo en materia de conocimientos, sino también de poder y autoridad. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar las potencialidades de la investigación transdisciplinaria sobre la base de una experiencia concreta. Para ello, se identifican los desafíos y aprendizajes de la práctica de la transdisciplinaridad por parte de los autores de este trabajo, analizando de manera particular el peso que adquiere el reconocimiento y la confianza entre los participantes en esta forma de investigación, las asimetrías, los procesos de negociación asociados y el tratamiento de las diferencias. Se concluye en la necesidad que los consejos de ciencia desarrollen políticas de financiamiento cónsonas con los retos que plantea esta forma de investigación.
title: Foreign Agents?
title: Natural Resources & the Political Economy of Civil Society
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Breyel, Corinna
name: Grigoriadis, Theocharis
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: natural resources
subject: dictatorship
subject: civil society
subject: organizational density
subject: persecution
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::339 Makroökonomie und verwandte Themen

description: Resource-rich dictatorships are more inclined to repress civil society than others. In this paper, we identify a tradeoff between political rents from natural resources and the organizational density of civil society. This organizational density determines the extent to which citizens can threaten the dictator with a revolution. We find that, in the occurrence of a negative oil price shock, regime change becomes likely, whereas a positive oil shock increases the extractive capacity of the dictator. When a negative oil price shock occurs, the persecution of failed revolutionaries can prevent revolution if the probability of revolutionary success is already low ex-ante. Historical and contemporary illustrations are drawn from Iran, the Soviet Union/Russia and Egypt.
(ESM - SUBMITTED AS ONE FILE) Supplemental Figures 1 - 3 and Supplemental Tables 1 - 3 from Patterns, dynamics and consequences of microplastic ingestion by the temperate coral, Astrangia poculata
Creators: name: Rotjan, Randi
name: Koty Sharp
name: Gauthier, Anna E.
name: Yelton, Rowan
name: Eliya Baron Lopez
name: Carilli, Jessica
name: Kagan, Jonathan C.
name: Urban-Rich, Juanita
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S1: Confocal (Zeiss AiryScan) Imaging of GFP+E. coli-biofilmed microbead. Scan of one hemisphere of the opaque microbeads demonstrates E. coli (green) cells fully coating the bead.; Figure S2: Particle consumption of both microplastics (MP) and brine shrimp eggs (BSE) is not correlated with polyp volume.; Figure S3. Astrangia poculata mortality following ingestion of GFP+ E. coli-biofilmed microbeads (Treatment) and non-biofilmed microbeads (Control). Death of the polyps that were directly fed (=“focal polyp”) and the polyps surrounding the focal polyps (=“neighboring polyps”) were scored for mortality during timepoints over 28 days. N = 6 treatment coral colonies (fed microbeads incubated in GFP + E. coli in LB broth); N = 6 control coral colonies (fed microbeads incubated in LB broth only). In each colony, 3 focal polyps and all neighboring polyps were scored.; Table S1. Results from paired permutation tests in R on percentages of beads contained in different portions of individual polyps. NS = not significant.; Table S2. Average microplastic bead consumption rates observed at all experimental time points.; Table S3. Results from unpaired permutation-tests in R comparing total beads consumed per polyp during different time points. NS = not significant. Time point with more beads per polyp also denoted for comparisons with significant differences.
Exactly solvable Majorana-Anderson impurity models
Creators: name: Shankar, G.
name: Maciejko, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental progress in the realization of hybrid structures with a topologically superconducting nanowire coupled to a quantum dot, viewed through the lens of the emerging field of correlated Majorana fermions, we introduce a class of interacting Majorana-Anderson impurity models which admit an exact solution for a wide range of parameters, including on-site repulsive interactions of arbitrary strength. The model is solved by mapping it via the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ slave-spin method to a noninteracting resonant level model for auxiliary Majorana degrees of freedom. The resulting gauge constraint is eliminated by exploiting the transformation properties of the Hamiltonian under a special local particle-hole transformation. For a spin-polarized Kitaev chain coupled to a quantum dot, we obtain exact expressions for the dot spectral functions at both zero and finite temperature. We study how the interaction strength and localization length of the end Majorana zero mode affect physical properties of the dot, such as quasiparticle weight, double occupancy, and odd-frequency pairing correlations, as well as the local electronic density of states in the superconducting chain.
description: 4.5 pages main text and 3 pages supplemental material
Mechanically probing the folding pathway of single RNA molecules
Creators: name: Gerland, Ulrich
name: Bundschuh, Ralf
name: Hwa, Terence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study theoretically the denaturation of single RNA molecules by mechanical stretching, focusing on signatures of the (un)folding pathway in molecular fluctuations. Our model describes the interactions between nucleotides by incorporating the experimentally determined free energy rules for RNA secondary structure, while exterior single stranded regions are modeled as freely jointed chains. For exemplary RNA sequences (hairpins and the Tetrahymena thermophila group I intron), we compute the quasi-equilibrium fluctuations in the end-to-end distance as the molecule is unfolded by pulling on opposite ends. Unlike the average quasi-equilibrium force-extension curves, these fluctuations reveal clear signatures from the unfolding of individual structural elements. We find that the resolution of these signatures depends on the spring constant of the force-measuring device, with an optimal value intermediate between very rigid and very soft. We compare and relate our results to recent experiments by Liphardt et al. [Science 292, 733-737 (2001)].
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, revised version, to be published in Biophys. J
Cloud property datasets retrieved from AVHRR, MODIS, AATSR and MERIS in the framework of the Cloud_cci project
Creators: name: Stengel, Martin
name: Stapelberg, Stefan
name: Sus, Oliver
name: Schlundt, Cornelia
name: Poulsen, Caroline
name: Thomas, Gareth
name: Christensen, Matthew
name: Henken, Cintia Carbajal
name: Preusker, Rene
name: Fischer, Juergen [U.A.]
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie

description: New cloud property datasets based on measurements from the passive imaging satellite sensors AVHRR, MODIS, ATSR2, AATSR and MERIS are presented. Two retrieval systems were developed that include components for cloud detection and cloud typing followed by cloud property retrievals based on the optimal estimation (OE) technique. The OE-based retrievals are applied to simultaneously retrieve cloud-top pressure, cloud particle effective radius and cloud optical thickness using measurements at visible, near-infrared and thermal infrared wavelengths, which ensures spectral consistency. The retrieved cloud properties are further processed to derive cloud-top height, cloud-top temperature, cloud liquid water path, cloud ice water path and spectral cloud albedo. The Cloud_cci products are pixel-based retrievals, daily composites of those on a global equal-angle latitude–longitude grid, and monthly cloud properties such as averages, standard deviations and histograms, also on a global grid. All products include rigorous propagation of the retrieval and sampling uncertainties. Grouping the orbital properties of the sensor families, six datasets have been defined, which are named AVHRR-AM, AVHRR-PM, MODIS-Terra, MODIS-Aqua, ATSR2-AATSR and MERIS+AATSR, each comprising a specific subset of all available sensors. The individual characteristics of the datasets are presented together with a summary of the retrieval systems and measurement records on which the dataset generation were based. Example validation results are given, based on comparisons to well- established reference observations, which demonstrate the good quality of the data. In particular the ensured spectral consistency and the rigorous uncertainty propagation through all processing levels can be considered as new features of the Cloud_cci datasets compared to existing datasets. In addition, the consistency among the individual datasets allows for a potential combination of them as well as facilitates studies on the impact of temporal sampling and spatial resolution on cloud climatologies.
The Gutenberg English Poetry Corpus: Exemplary Quantitative Narrative Analyses
Creators: name: Jacobs, Arthur M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: quantitative narrative analysis
subject: digital literary studies
subject: neurocognitive poetics
subject: culturomics
subject: language model
subject: neuroaesthetics
subject: affective-aesthetic processes
subject: literary reading
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik
subject: 800 Literatur::800 Literatur, Rhetorik, Literaturwissenschaft::801 Literaturtheorie

description: This paper describes a corpus of about 3,000 English literary texts with about 250 million words extracted from the Gutenberg project that span a range of genres from both fiction and non-fiction written by more than 130 authors (e.g., Darwin, Dickens, Shakespeare). Quantitative narrative analysis (QNA) is used to explore a cleaned subcorpus, the Gutenberg English Poetry Corpus (GEPC), which comprises over 100 poetic texts with around two million words from about 50 authors (e.g., Keats, Joyce, Wordsworth). Some exemplary QNA studies show author similarities based on latent semantic analysis, significant topics for each author or various text-analytic metrics for George Eliot’s poem “How Lisa Loved the King” and James Joyce’s “Chamber Music,” concerning, e.g., lexical diversity or sentiment analysis. The GEPC is particularly suited for research in Digital Humanities, Computational Stylistics, or Neurocognitive Poetics, e.g., as training and test corpus for stimulus development and control in empirical studies.
Practical Semantic Parsing for Spoken Language Understanding
Creators: name: Damonte, Marco
name: Goel, Rahul
name: Chung, Tagyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Executable semantic parsing is the task of converting natural language utterances into logical forms that can be directly used as queries to get a response. We build a transfer learning framework for executable semantic parsing. We show that the framework is effective for Question Answering (Q&A) as well as for Spoken Language Understanding (SLU). We further investigate the case where a parser on a new domain can be learned by exploiting data on other domains, either via multi-task learning between the target domain and an auxiliary domain or via pre-training on the auxiliary domain and fine-tuning on the target domain. With either flavor of transfer learning, we are able to improve performance on most domains; we experiment with public data sets such as Overnight and NLmaps as well as with commercial SLU data. The experiments carried out on data sets that are different in nature show how executable semantic parsing can unify different areas of NLP such as Q&A and SLU.
Intrinsic Low-Temperature Magnetism in SmB6
Creators: name: Gheidi, S.
name: Akintola, K.
name: Cote, A. M.
name: Dunsiger, S. R.
name: Broholm, C.
name: Fuhrman, W. T.
name: Saha, S. R.
name: Paglione, J.
name: Sonier, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of new muon spin relaxation experiments, we disentangle extrinsic and intrinsic sources of low-temperature bulk magnetism in the candidate topological Kondo insulator (TKI) SmB6. Results on Al-flux grown SmB6 single crystals are compared to those on a large floating-zone grown ^{154}Sm^{11}B6 single crystal in which a 14 meV bulk spin exciton has been detected by inelastic neutron scattering. Below ~ 10 K we detect the gradual development of quasi-static magnetism due to rare-earth impurities and Sm vacancies. Our measurements also reveal two additional forms of intrinsic magnetism: 1) underlying low-energy (~ 100 neV) weak magnetic moment (~ 10^{-2} mu_B) fluctuations similar to those detected in the related candidate TKI YbB12 that persist down to millikelvin temperatures, and 2) magnetic fluctuations consistent with a 2.6 meV bulk magnetic excitation at zero magnetic field that appears to hinder surface conductivity above ~ 4.5 K. We discuss potential origins of the magnetism.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Regional Powers and Leadership in Regional Institutions
title: Nigeria in ECOWAS and South Africa in SADC
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hulse, Merran
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Regional powers are not always benevolent leaders when it comes to the building of regional institutions. While powerful states – particularly the “new” rising powers – may have a vested interest in regionalism as a means of projecting influence, regional powers may behave as coercive or benevolent leaders, or alternatively display an absence of leadership altogether. The drivers of varying regional power behavior can be attributed to their competing concerns regarding (economic) power, functional efficiency, international legitimacy, and neopatrimonial networks. This paper explores the varying behavior of Nigeria and South Africa in relation to the institutionalization of free trade areas and regional courts within their respective regions. Nigeria has displayed little leadership in ECOWAS trade integration due to domestic opposition; however, a newly-democratic Nigeria’s search for international legitimacy drove the establishment of the ECOWAS Court of Justice. Likewise, South Africa’s search for legitimacy drove its support for the SADC Tribunal, but the competing demands of different audiences led it to abandon this support. South Africa has also displayed leadership in relation to the SADC Free Trade Area; however, its neighbors perceive it as a self-interested, almost coercive actor. The findings suggest that the motivations for regional powers’ behavior vary across time and policy sectors, and that inconsistent behavior is driven by a change in the priority granted to different drivers.
title: Dietary, Physical Activity and Other Lifestyle Habits and their Associations with Medication Adherence in a Group of Hypercholesterolemic Patients Prescribed Statin Therapy in Kuwait
Creators: name: Al-Foraih, Meisa
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), Kuwait
subject: Statin medications

description: The growing epidemic of coronary heart disease (CHD) is evident worldwide, accounting for global mortality rates of approximately 7.2 million per year. Coronary heart disease causes are multi-factorial encompassing both intrinsic and extrinsic factors; including age, gender, genetics, diet, physical activity, obesity, psychology, smoking and alcohol intake. Serum low density lipoprotein (LDL), an underlying consequence mainly of poor dietary habits, is strongly associated with increased risk of developing CHD and therefore a major target for CHD risk reduction strategies. Although intrinsic factors such as age, gender and genetics cannot be controlled or corrected, modifiable factors (extrinsic) can be managed and thus CHD risk may be reduced. Prescription of lipid-lowering drugs such as statins (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase or HMG-CoA inhibitors) has significantly increased due to their LDL-cholesterol lowering properties, where subsequently CHD risk may be reduced. There is little doubt in the efficacy of these drugs; the effectiveness however, is the issue in question. Various studies have reported up to 55% non-adherence to statin medications, after 6 months of treatment. It is important to recognize that once statin adherence subsides in these patients, risk reduction is dependent on the alternative concomitant therapies (diet, physical activity, maintenance of weight and smoking cessation), which may or may not have been implemented by the patient. Therefore the goal of this study was investigate the degree of adherence to statin medication, and alternative concomitant behaviours and examine whether an association exists between these various coronary risk reduction factors and overall CHD risk profile.
Compressive Sensing Based Adaptive Active User Detection and Channel Estimation: Massive Access Meets Massive MIMO
Creators: name: Ke, Malong
name: Gao, Zhen
name: Wu, Yongpeng
name: Gao, Xiqi
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers massive access in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems and proposes an adaptive active user detection and channel estimation scheme based on compressive sensing. By exploiting the sporadic traffic of massive connected user equipments and the virtual angular domain sparsity of massive MIMO channels, the proposed scheme can support massive access with dramatically reduced access latency. Specifically, we design non-orthogonal pseudo-random pilots for uplink broadband massive access, and formulate the active user detection and channel estimation problems as a generalized multiple measurement vector compressive sensing problem. Furthermore, by leveraging the structured sparsity of the uplink channel matrix, we propose an efficient generalized multiple measurement vector approximate message passing (GMMV-AMP) algorithm to realize simultaneous active user detection and channel estimation based on a spatial domain or an angular domain channel model. To jointly exploit the channel sparsity presented in both the spatial and the angular domains for enhanced performance, a Turbo-GMMV-AMP algorithm is developed for detecting the active users and estimating their channels in an alternating manner. Finally, an adaptive access scheme is proposed, which adapts the access latency to guarantee reliable massive access for practical systems with unknown channel sparsity level. Additionally, the state evolution of the proposed GMMV-AMP algorithm is derived to predict its performance. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed active user detection and channel estimation schemes compared to several baseline schemes.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. The current version has been acceptted by IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. A related work has been presented at GlobalSIP, Anaheim, USA, 2018
Differentially Private Model Publishing for Deep Learning
Creators: name: Yu, Lei
name: Liu, Ling
name: Pu, Calton
name: Gursoy, Mehmet Emre
name: Truex, Stacey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning techniques based on neural networks have shown significant success in a wide range of AI tasks. Large-scale training datasets are one of the critical factors for their success. However, when the training datasets are crowdsourced from individuals and contain sensitive information, the model parameters may encode private information and bear the risks of privacy leakage. The recent growing trend of the sharing and publishing of pre-trained models further aggravates such privacy risks. To tackle this problem, we propose a differentially private approach for training neural networks. Our approach includes several new techniques for optimizing both privacy loss and model accuracy. We employ a generalization of differential privacy called concentrated differential privacy(CDP), with both a formal and refined privacy loss analysis on two different data batching methods. We implement a dynamic privacy budget allocator over the course of training to improve model accuracy. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach effectively improves privacy loss accounting, training efficiency and model quality under a given privacy budget.
PROPERTIES OF PORTLAND BLAST FURNACE SLAG CEMENTS AFFECTING THEIR AUTOGENOUS SHRINKAGE BEHAVIORS
Creators: name: S. Suntharalingam
name: Y. Takahashi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 90502 Construction Engineering
subject: 90503 Construction Materials
subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: This Paper was presented at the Special Session on Waste in Construction and Development at the 9th International Conference on Sustainable Built Environment
OREOS: Oriented Recognition of 3D Point Clouds in Outdoor Scenarios
Creators: name: Schaupp, Lukas
name: Bürki, Mathias
name: Dubé, Renaud
name: Siegwart, Roland
name: Cadena, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a novel method for oriented place recognition with 3D LiDAR scans. A Convolutional Neural Network is trained to extract compact descriptors from single 3D LiDAR scans. These can be used both to retrieve near-by place candidates from a map, and to estimate the yaw discrepancy needed for bootstrapping local registration methods. We employ a triplet loss function for training and use a hard-negative mining strategy to further increase the performance of our descriptor extractor. In an evaluation on the NCLT and KITTI datasets, we demonstrate that our method outperforms related state-of-the-art approaches based on both data-driven and handcrafted data representation in challenging long-term outdoor conditions.
Many-body system with a four-parameter family of point interactions in one dimension
Creators: name: Coutinho, F A B
name: Nogami, Y
name: Tomio, Lauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a four-parameter family of point interactions in one dimension. This family is a generalization of the usual $δ$-function potential. We examine a system consisting of many particles of equal masses that are interacting pairwise through such a generalized point interaction. We follow McGuire who obtained exact solutions for the system when the interaction is the $δ$-function potential. We find exact bound states with the four-parameter family. For the scattering problem, however, we have not been so successful. This is because, as we point out, the condition of no diffraction that is crucial in McGuire's method is not satisfied except when the four-parameter family is essentially reduced to the $δ$-function potential.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: All of Your Base are Belong to Us? Shmups as a Source for Better Game Design
Creators: name: McMillan, Luke
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Video game development
subject: Nostalgia in marketing
subject: Game design

description: This study sought to examine the development of video games between 1987 and 2005 to ascertain, on an emotive level, whether video games have changed in that time. It is the contention of this study to demonstrate that video games have remained largely unchanged, bar graphical and other 'aesthetic' updates. Based on this, it is apparent that the emotive traits defining effective video games of the past are still valid in the contemporary market. Another aspect of the study is to demonstrate that nostalgia is one of the most significant reasons why gamers are drawn to certain types of game purchases. The study contends that gamers are getting older and carrying significant gaming experience, and that nostalgia impacted on their purchasing selections, hence informing game design. To support this aspect of the study, two small survey studies have been created. Disseminated and used in 2004 and 2008 these studies are used to support the main contention of the study and also prove the importance of modes of representation when it comes to the consumption habits of consumers. The findings of this aspect of the study demonstrate a pattern between year of birth, and specific nostalgic preferences of gamers. The study compares the development of mainstream games to that of the Shmup genre, the longest and most prolific genre of gaming. Shmups, a contraction of the term 'Shoot-em-up', are epitomized by games such as Raiden and Ikaruga, which are top down, third person shooting games with fixed scrolling systems. Shmup games are the most appropriate game genre for this study as they are the only commercial game genre to have changed little on both an aesthetic and mechanical level since their inception. The study undertakes an extensive literature review in order to determine the emotions most commonly associated with effective game design, and how these types of emotions could be produced within game creation using specific heuristics. These heuristics form the basis of a theoretical framework which is then used to compare the development of Shmups against other forms of commercial gaming from 1987 until 2005.
title: Parasites of Jellyfish in Eastern Australia
Creators: name: Browne, Joanna
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Jellyfish
subject: Zooplankton
subject: Hyperiid amphipods
subject: Parasitic anemones
subject: Jellyfish parasites

description: Parasites are a major component of the Earth’s biota, yet are often overlooked and their importance underestimated. They affect nearly all organisms and can potentially regulate the populations of their hosts. Jellyfish are abundant members of the zooplankton community and are renowned for their ability to form large blooms. Jellyfish host a large diversity of parasites. Some of these parasites (e.g. hyperiid amphipods and parasitic anemones) use jellyfish as the sole host in their life cycle, whilst others (e.g. digenean trematodes and cestodes) use jellyfish as an intermediate host between other host organisms. There have been few ecological studies of jellyfish parasites (for example of spatial and temporal variation in parasite-host relationships) relative to other aspects of jellyfish biology. This may be partly attributable to the very small size of some parasites (e.g. digenean trematodes) and also to difficulties such as identifying larval parasite forms. However, with the advent of new technologies, such as molecular identification, and with diligent examination, these difficulties are able to be overcome. This thesis aims to identify jellyfish parasites using molecular and morphological techniques and elucidate their life cycles, examine spatial and temporal variation in jellyfish parasites and investigate the diversity and host specificity of the parasites of jellyfish in eastern Australia.
The Pseudogap Challenge: Understanding the ab-Plane AC Conductivity below Tc
Creators: name: Iyengar, Andrew
name: Stajic, Jelena
name: Kao, Ying-Jer
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish that the cuprate pseudogap plays a crucial role in the $ab$-plane optical conductivity $σ(ω,T)$ for temperatures $T \le T_c$. The pseudogap signatures in $σ(ω,T)$ associated with competing proposals of a ``hidden order'' and ``superconducting'' origin for the $d_{x^2 - y^2}$ pseudogap are found to differ in their qualitative $ω,T$ dependences. For the latter case, as $T$ increases from 0, excess low $ω$ weight appears; moreover, a much wider range of $ω$ contributes to form the condensate. We discuss these theories in light of current experiments.
description: Revised figures; 4 pages, 3 figures; submitted to PRL
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of differential drug release formulations of rabeprazole in dogs
Creators: name: Harilal Patel
name: Desai, Nirmal
name: Patel, Prakash
name: Nirav Modi
name: Krunal Soni
name: Jitendrakumar Rameshchandra Patel
name: Gaurav Navinbhai Mistry
name: Jitendrakumar D. Patel
name: Chawla, Manish
name: Nuggehally R. Srinivas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Objectives: To develop novel dual release prototype capsule formulations of rabeprazole and evaluation of pharmacokinetic properties relative to the reference product (Aciphex®) in Beagle dogs. Methods: The dual release prototype formulations of rabeprazole were developed by preparing optimized mini-tablets core which was subsequently coated with barrier/enteric coating using standard excipients. Both novel prototype formulations were subjected for in vitro release and assay by HPLC-UV to assess long term stability. Single dose pharmacokinetic study used a single sequence three treatments crossover design. In Periods 1 and 2, four dogs received oral 20 mg dose of two prototype formulations. In Period 3, all dogs received a 20 mg oral dose of Aciphex® reference product. There was a 1-week washout time between two successive periods. A quantitative analysis of rabeprazole/sulfide metabolite in plasma samples was performed using a validated LC-MS/MS assay and PK parameters were estimated by non-compartmental analysis. Results: The stability of the prototype formulations was confirmed over a period of 24 months with an acceptable assay and dissolution data. One of the novel prototype formulations showed 70% oral bioavailability relative to the reference product. Despite a 30% reduced bioavailability, this showed 1 h delay in peak concentration, longer plasma residence time of rabeprazole (up to 12 h) and longer apparent elimination half-life. Conclusions: The use of a canine model has enabled the selection of a novel dual-release prototype formulation of rabeprazole for further clinical development.