cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Secure Multi-Party Computation Based Privacy Preserving Extreme Learning Machine Algorithm Over Vertically Distributed Data
Creators: name: Çatak, Ferhat Özgür
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Especially in the Big Data era, the usage of different classification methods is increasing day by day. The success of these classification methods depends on the effectiveness of learning methods. Extreme learning machine (ELM) classification algorithm is a relatively new learning method built on feed-forward neural-network. ELM classification algorithm is a simple and fast method that can create a model from high-dimensional data sets. Traditional ELM learning algorithm implicitly assumes complete access to whole data set. This is a major privacy concern in most of cases. Sharing of private data (i.e. medical records) is prevented because of security concerns. In this research, we propose an efficient and secure privacy-preserving learning algorithm for ELM classification over data that is vertically partitioned among several parties. The new learning method preserves the privacy on numerical attributes, builds a classification model without sharing private data without disclosing the data of each party to others.
description: 22nd International Conference, ICONIP 2015
Optimized PERC Silver Paste for High Efficiency Emitters
Creators: name: Scardera, G.
name: Torardi, C.C.
name: VerNooy, P.D.
name: Guo, Q.
name: Petres, R.
name: Dugan, S.
name: Laughlin, B.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 694-699
description: A new generation PERC Ag paste, DuPontTM Solamet® PV20x, designed for lower recombination emitters is presented. Improved contact performance is demonstrated on (i) lower surface concentration emitters, (ii) high sheet resistance shallow emitters, and (iii) post-diffusion low temperature annealed emitters. An average specific contact resistivity of 1.27 mOhm.cm2 is demonstrated on a 1.3e20 cm-3 peak concentration emitter. Improved contact is achieved while maintaining high open circuit voltage. PERC cells made with a 1.3e20 cm-3 peak concentration emitter yield a 7 mV gain over those made with a 2.9e20 cm-3 peak concentration emitter. The combined emitter and Ag paste optimization yields a +0.2%abs efficiency gain. A +0.1%abs efficiency gain is also demonstrated on a 2.1e20 cm-3 peak concentration emitter treated with a post-diffusion low temperature anneal.
Detection of a turbulent gas component associated with a starless core with subthermal turbulence in the Orion A cloud
Creators: name: Ohashi, Satoshi
name: Tatematsu, Ken'ichi
name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Luong, Quang Nguyn
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Choi, Minho
name: Mizuno, Norikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a wing component in NH$_3$ emission toward the starless core TUKH122 with subthermal turbulence in the Orion A cloud. This NH$_3$ core is suggested to be on the verge of star formation because the turbulence inside the NH$_3$ core is almost completely dissipated, and also because it is surrounded by CCS, which resembles the prestellar core L1544 in Taurus showing infall motions. Observations were carried out with the Nobeyama 45 m telescope at 0.05 km s$^{-1}$ velocity resolution. We find that the NH$_3$ line profile consists of two components. The quiescent main component has a small linewidth of 0.3 km s$^{-1}$ dominated by thermal motions, and the red-shifted wing component has a large linewidth of 1.36 km s$^{-1}$ representing turbulent motions. These components show kinetic temperatures of 11 K and $
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Low-Temperature Soldering for the Interconnection of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: De Rose, A.
name: Erath, D.
name: Geipel, T.
name: Kraft, A.
name: Eitner, U.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 710-714
description: Interconnecting silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells by low-temperature ribbon soldering allows the
use of standard stringing equipment and might therefore be the cheapest and most straightforward implementation in
existing fabrication lines. However, solder joints on low-temperature metallization pastes of SHJ cells are known for
a weak adhesion to the cell surface. This work is dedicated to a better understanding of the interaction between solder
and low-temperature metallization on SHJ solar cells. We evaluate soldering during a lamination process with
standard copper ribbons featuring six different low-temperature solder alloys. The mechanical adhesion of the solder
joints and microstructural changes in the metallization pastes during the soldering process are analyzed. Our study
includes three metallization pastes, two of them show poor adhesion on the wafer surface after soldering (up to 0.03
N/mm) and one paste performs slightly better (up to 0.28 N/mm). We find this difference to be caused by an
interaction of the pastes and the liquid solder, neither depending on the composition of the solder alloy nor on the
soldering time. A fine grain structure of the Ag-particles of such pastes correlates with a higher penetration of solder
components (Sn and Bi) resulting in dissolution of the metallization and detachment from the cell surface.
Additional file 1 of “Everything kind of revolves around technology”: a qualitative exploration of families’ screen use experiences, and intervention suggestions
Creators: name: Arundell, Lauren
name: Gould, Laura
name: Ridgers, Nicola D.
name: Ayala, Ana Maria Contardo
name: Downing, Katherine L.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Timperio, Anna
name: Veitch, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Heathy Happy Homes Interview schedule.
PHENIX results on centrality dependence of yields and correlations in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200\,GeV
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHENIX has measured the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) spectra and two particle angular correlations for high $p_{\rm T}$ particles in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200\,GeV using the RHIC Year-2008 run data. The azimuthal angle correlations for two particles with a large rapidity gap exhibit a ridge like structure. Using the $π^0$ reconstructed in the EMCal, we have successfully extended the $p_{\rm T}$ reach of the correlation up to 8\,GeV/$c$. We find that the azimuthal anisotropy of hadrons found at low $p_{\rm T}$ persists up to 6\,GeV/$c$ with a significant centrality and $p_{\rm T}$ dependence, similar to what was observed in A+A collisions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at Quark Matter 2015 conference on Sep 30, 2015, held in Kobe, Japan
Peeling for tensorial wave equations on Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Pham, Truong Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we establish the asymptotic behaviour along outgoing and incoming radial geodesics, i.e., the peeling property for the tensorial Fackrell-Ipser and spin $\pm 1$ Teukolsky equations on Schwarzschild spacetime. Our method combines a conformal compactification with vector field techniques to prove the two-side estimates of the energies of tensorial fields through the future and past null infinity $\mathscr{I}^\pm$ and the initial Cauchy hypersurface $Σ_0 = \left\{ t=0 \right\}$ in a neighbourhood of spacelike infinity $i_0$ far away from the horizon and future timelike infinity. Our results obtain the optimal initial data which guarantees the peeling at all orders.
description: 22 pages, Reviews in Mathematical Physics, 2023. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.02888
Immunohistochemical studies of lamb adrenal dopamine-B-hydroxylase
Creators: name: Kushinsky, Rosyln.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Impact of Glass Chemistry on Contact Formation for Silver Metallization Pastes
Creators: name: Karpowich, L.
name: Mayberry, R.
name: Hörteis, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 617-620
description: The glass constituent of silver metallization paste plays an important role in the electrical contact
formation for crystalline silicon solar cells. Glass chemistry is critical for controlling the complex redox reactions that
occur during rapid thermal firing. In this work, we show how modifying ratios of lead and bismuth in the glass can
affect the etching of the silicon nitride anti-reflective coating (ARC) and the subsequent crystallization of silver onto
the silicon wafer. Reducing lead content while increasing bismuth content results in a glass composition that can
sufficiently fire through the silicon nitride layer. However, the formation of silver crystallites and colloids is suppressed,
and the final glass microstructure at the interface is also impacted. This results in a much higher series resistance due
to poor contact between bulk silver and silicon emitter. By systematically changing the concentrations of lead and
bismuth in the glass, we can better understand the fundamental reactions that govern contact formation and electrical
properties of silicon solar cells.
A Micro-Droplet Etching Approach for Texturization of Diamond Wire Sawn Multi-Crystalline Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: Zhou, L.
name: Xiao, Z.
name: Yue, Z.
name: Huang, H.
name: Chen, W.
name: Ye, X.
name: Jin, S.
name: Gong, L.
name: Chen, H.
name: Xin, Z.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Manufacturing & Production

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 952-954
description: Development of diamond wire sawing of multicrystalline silicon solar cell wafers has been inhibited by its incompetence with conventional acidic wet etching texturization process. A novel texturization method based on localized etching by micro-droplet of HF-HNO3-H2O etchant on wafers has been developed. The micro-droplet is generated by controlled condensation of thermal vapor from a HF-HNO3-H2O bath. Micron scale etch-pit type surface textures are made by applying the micro-droplet etching (MDE) process to diamond wire sawn mc-Si wafers. The light reflectivity is reduced to ~18%, and the sawmarks are removed. A few tens of full size DWS mc-Si wafer samples were manually MDE textured, and send to a solar cell fabrication line along with ordinary slurry sawn wafers, without any adjustment of processing parameters for the MDE textured samples. Encouraging I-V characteristics of the MDE textured samples have been obtained. Both Jsc and Voc are found to increase as compared to the reference alkaline textured samples, and up to 0.56% absolute increase of average energy conversion efficiency is obtained.
Simulation of the Thermal Laser Separation Process (TLS) in Relation to the Crack Propagation at the Wafer Edge
Creators: name: Röth, J.
name: Belgardt, C.
name: Grimm, M.
name: Bernhard, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Manufacturing & Production

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 986-988
description: Thermal Laser Separation (TLS) is a kerfless wafer dicing technology. This method uses thermal stress to propagate a crack through the substrate. An often noticed vulnerability of this procedure is a crack deviation at the end of the wafer [1]. This study shows a transient opto-thermal FE simulation model. The model allows a prediction of the cracking tip. Thus it is possible to identify the reason for the crack deviations. This approach allows a comparison of different parameters at the wafer edge. Different velocity profiles, beam shapes, laser and cooling powers were manipulated and these calculated results were compared with the experimental measurements of the crack deviation at the wafer edge.
Top Production at the Tevatron: The Antiproton Awakens
Creators: name: Bloom, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long time ago, at a laboratory far, far away, the Fermilab Tevatron collided protons and antiprotons at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96$ TeV. The CDF and D0 experiments each recorded datasets of about 10 fb$^{-1}$. As such experiments may never be repeated, these are unique datasets that allow for unique measurements. This presentation describes recent results from the two experiments on top-quark production rates, spin orientations, and production asymmetries, which are all probes of the $p\bar{p}$ initial state.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of Les Rencontres de Physique de la Vall\'ee d'Aoste, La Thuile, Aosta Valley, Italy, March 6-12, 2016
Additional file 2 of “Everything kind of revolves around technology”: a qualitative exploration of families’ screen use experiences, and intervention suggestions
Creators: name: Arundell, Lauren
name: Gould, Laura
name: Ridgers, Nicola D.
name: Ayala, Ana Maria Contardo
name: Downing, Katherine L.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Timperio, Anna
name: Veitch, Jenny
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ) checklist.
Point Contact Formation Using Silicon Nanoparticle Dispersed SiO2
Creators: name: Nagayoshi, H.
name: Demura, H.
name: Ulyashin, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 700-702
description: A nanometer size point contact property using P+Si nanoparticle(P+SiNP) embedded SiO2 has been investigated. The
SiO2 was formed from the Perhydropolysilazane (PHPS), which is an inorganic liquid source of SiO2, showing good
passivation property on Si with the combination of the hot steam annealing. The P+SiNP embedded SiO2 layer was coated
on an n-type silicon substrate by spin coat, followed by the hot steam annealing at 600°C. The Au/(P+SiNPs/SiO2)/Nsilicon
hetero junction diode property was evaluated. The diode showed clear rectifying property with very low reverse
current. A forward bias current increased by illumination, showing no memory effect between photo/dark conditions.
This property can be explained by a combination of nano-size point contact and the field effect of MOS structure
surrounding the contact. Electrons accumulate at the silicon surface under forward bias, forming an n+p+ tunnel point
contact. The whole surface area becomes depression state under the reverse bias condition, showing very low reverse
current.
VLT-SINFONI sub-kpc study of the star formation in local LIRGs and ULIRGs: Analysis of the global $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ structure and characterisation of individual star-forming clumps
Creators: name: López, Javier Piqueras
name: Colina, Luis
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Pereira-Santaella, Miguel
name: Alonso-Herrero, Almudena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 2D study of star formation at kpc and sub-kpc scales of a sample of local (z<0.1) U/LIRGs, based on near-IR VLT-SINFONI observations. We obtained integrated measurements of the star formation rate (SFR) and star formation rate surface density, together with their 2D distributions, based on Br_gamma and Pa_alpha emission. We observe a tight linear correlation between the SFR derived from our extinction-corrected measurements and that derived from 24 micron data, and a reasonable agreement with SFR derived from total IR luminosity. Our near-IR measurements are on average a factor 3 larger than optical SFR, even when extinction corrections are applied. We found that LIRGs have a median-observed star formation rate surface density of 1.72 Msun/yr/kpc^2 for the extinction-corrected distribution, whilst ULIRGs have 0.23 Msun/yr/kpc^2, respectively. These median values for ULIRGs increase up to 2.90 Msun/yr/kpc^2, when only their inner regions, covering the same size as the average FoV of LIRGs, are considered. We identified a total of 95 individual SF clumps in our sample, with sizes within 60-1500pc, and extinction-corrected Pa_alpha luminosities of 10^5-10^8 Lsun. Star-forming clumps in LIRGs are about ten times larger and thousands of times more luminous than typical clumps in spiral galaxies. Clumps in ULIRGs have sizes similar (x0.5-1) to those of high-z clumps, having Pa_alpha luminosities similar to some high-z clumps, and about 10 times less luminous than the most luminous high-z clumps identified so far. We also observed a change in the slope of the L-r relation. A likely explanation is that most luminous galaxies are interacting and merging, and therefore their size represents a combination of the distribution of the star-forming clumps within each galaxy in the system plus the effect of the projected distance.
description: 27 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract abridged due to arXiv requirements
A semi-supervised deep-learning approach for automatic crystal structure classification
Creators: name: Lolla, Satvik
name: Liang, Haotang
name: Kusne, A. Gilad
name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
name: Ratcliff, William
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: machine learning
powder neutron diffraction
semi-supervised
indexing

description: The structural solution problem can be a daunting and time-consuming task. Especially in the presence of impurity phases, current methods, such as indexing, become more unstable. In this work, the novel approach of semi-supervised learning is applied towards the problem of identifying the Bravais lattice and the space group of inorganic crystals. The reported semi-supervised generative deep-learning model can train on both labeled data, i.e. diffraction patterns with the associated crystal structure, and unlabeled data, i.e. diffraction patterns that lack this information. This approach allows the models to take advantage of the troves of unlabeled data that current supervised learning approaches cannot, which should result in models that can more accurately generalize to real data. In this work, powder diffraction patterns are classified into all 14 Bravais lattices and 144 space groups (the number is limited due to sparse coverage in crystal structure databases), which covers more crystal classes than other studies. The reported models also outperform current deep-learning approaches for both space group and Bravais lattice classification using fewer training data.
Lifting the 'Fog of Law': A Clarification of the Knowledge Standard during the Conduct of Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law
Creators: name: Nijs, Maxime
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: International Humanitarian Law
Conduct of Hostilities
Law of Targeting
Precautions
Target verification

description: In recent years, investigative journalists and other experts have increasingly criticized the so-called ‘flawed’ (aerial) targeting practices of important militaries such as those of the US. More specifically, the critique relates to the alleged usage of insufficient, outdated, and poor quality intelligence when making targeting decisions, often resulting in the misidentification of targets and the underestimation of civilian harm. Such criticism, however, raises a fundamental question under the International Humanitarian Law (IHL) rules governing the conduct of hostilities (CoH), namely, where exactly the demarcating line lies between targeting mistakes that are unavoidable due to uncertainty that is inherent in times of armed conflict (the so-called ‘fog of war’) and unlawful attack judgments. To draw this fundamental demarcating line, my PhD aims to address two interrelated questions that have remained largely unexplored and/or controversial in contemporary international legal scholarship: (1) What is the ‘knowledge standard’ under the rules of IHL on the CoH, i.e., what information (which types, amount, and quality) must militaries require when making targeting decisions in conformity with the law? (2) How must military decision-makers lawfully address uncertainty in the targeting context? By clarifying these fundamental questions under IHL, this research project hopes to contribute to better targeting decision-making, to prevent avoidable thus unlawful civilian harm, and to facilitate inquiries in cases of alleged IHL violations.
Additional file 1 of Altered expression of ACOX2 in non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Sui, Jane S. Y.
name: Martin, Petra
name: Keogh, Anna
name: Murchan, Pierre
name: Ryan, Lisa
name: Nicholson, Siobhan
name: Cuffe, Sinead
name: Broin, Pilib Ó
name: Finn, Stephen P.
name: Fitzmaurice, Gerard J.
name: Ryan, Ronan
name: Young, Vincent
name: Gray, Steven G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Analysis of TCGA-LUAD and –LUSC datasets for alterations in acyl-CoA peroxidases at the mRNA and protein level.
Metabolism and pigmentation of staphylococcus aureus : a study of the effect of its metabolism and other factors on the formation of pigment.
Creators: name: Roessler, Helen Barbara.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
"Virus hunting" using radial distance weighted discrimination
Creators: name: Xiong, Jie
name: Dittmer, D. P.
name: Marron, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Motivated by the challenge of using DNA-seq data to identify viruses in human blood samples, we propose a novel classification algorithm called "Radial Distance Weighted Discrimination" (or Radial DWD). This classifier is designed for binary classification, assuming one class is surrounded by the other class in very diverse radial directions, which is seen to be typical for our virus detection data. This separation of the 2 classes in multiple radial directions naturally motivates the development of Radial DWD. While classical machine learning methods such as the Support Vector Machine and linear Distance Weighted Discrimination can sometimes give reasonable answers for a given data set, their generalizability is severely compromised because of the linear separating boundary. Radial DWD addresses this challenge by using a more appropriate (in this particular case) spherical separating boundary. Simulations show that for appropriate radial contexts, this gives much better generalizability than linear methods, and also much better than conventional kernel based (nonlinear) Support Vector Machines, because the latter methods essentially use much of the information in the data for determining the shape of the separating boundary. The effectiveness of Radial DWD is demonstrated for real virus detection.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS869 in the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
nPERT Solar Cells with a High Bifaciality > 93%
Creators: name: Chang, P.-K.
name: Wang, L.-T.
name: Chiu, S.-W.
name: Lin, Y.-J.
name: Chung, W.-T.
name: Kuo, C.
name: Li, C.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 670-671
description: Bifaciality is a highly emphasized factor while developing n-type passivated emitter rear totally diffused (nPERT) bifacial solar cells. It is important to increase the rear-side efficiency of rear side of the bifacial solar cell for higher bifaciality. In this study, nPERT bifacial solar cell made of 156 x 156 mm n-type Cz-wafer with high bifaciality of 93% was presented. Various etch depths of rear side wereprovided to investigate the optical and electrical properties of the nPERT solar cells. The results showed that a suitable etching depth of the rear side leads the lower surface reflectivity and higher bifacility was obtained with 5.6% enhancement in short-circuit current density (Jsc).
Front Side Metallization of p- and n-Type Si Solar Cells: Microstructure of the Glass Layer
Creators: name: Kumar, P.
name: Pfeffer, M.
name: Eibl, O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Characterisation & Simulation Methods

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 923-927
description: High-efficiency cells (~18.0% for p-type and ~20 % for n-type cells) show similar microstructure and chemical composition of the glass layer and a similar temperature dependence of the series resistance. Details of the glass layer with respect to its quantitative chemical composition, microstructure, and electrical conductivity have not been reported in the literature. However, we consider it as an important microstructural feature affecting the physical properties of the cell: (i) the glass layer reflects the chemical composition of the applied paste, (ii) it contributes to the current path. Therefore, a detailed analysis of glass layers is provided here by applying a combined SEM and TEM-EDX spectroscopy. The chemical composition of the investigated glass layers was (SiOx)Pb, with Pb >10 at.%. Other elements like Ag, Zn, Al, and Ti were detected in the glass layer as minor constitutes. In high-efficiency n- and p-type cells, Al and Zn mole fractions in the of range 1-2 at.% were detected. The chemical composition of the glass layer serves as a chemical bar code of the applied paste used for the screen printing process and affects the contact resistance at the Si/metallization interface. Cells processed with an Al-free paste and a Zn-rich paste were investigated and yielded Al-free and Zn-rich glass layers, respectively. The role of additives in the glass layer, like Al and Zn, were found to be important for the reduction of the contact resistance. Glass layers of high-efficiency cells contain a large density of precipitates and Ag colloids and are considered as dirty semiconductors rather than insulators. The percolation model is, therefore, appropriate to describe the current path in such layers.
Non-destructive measurement of in-operando lithium concentration in batteries via x-ray Compton scattering
Creators: name: Suzuki, K.
name: Barbiellini, B.
name: Orikasa, Y.
name: Kaprzyk, S.
name: Itou, M.
name: Yamamoto, K.
name: Wang, Yung Jui
name: Hafiz, H.
name: Uchimoto, Y.
name: Bansil, A.
name: Sakurai, Y.
name: Sakurai, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-destructive determination of lithium distribution in a working battery is key for addressing both efficiency and safety issues. Although various techniques have been developed to map the lithium distribution in electrodes, these methods are mostly applicable to test cells. Here we propose the use of high-energy x-ray Compton scattering spectroscopy to measure the local lithium concentration in closed electrochemical cells. A combination of experimental measurements and parallel first-principles computations is used to show that the shape parameter S of the Compton profile is linearly proportional to lithium concentration and thus provides a viable descriptor for this important quantity. The merits and applicability of our method are demonstrated with illustrative examples of LixMn2O4 cathodes and a working commercial lithium coin battery CR2032.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Paste Development for Electrochemical Screen Printing to Structure Metal Layers of Back Contact Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gensowski, K.
name: Kamp, M.
name: Efinger, R.
name: Klawitter, M.
name: Pospischil, M.
name: Eckert, J.
name: Bartsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 664-669
description: An electrochemical etching process is developed to realize the contact pattern of back contact solar
cells. It combines ECM technology (Electrochemical Machining) with screen printing to allow local removal of
metallic layers for maskless formation of electrically isolated conductive paths. The present work focused on waterbased
paste development for this application. A plain sodium nitrate solution is used as electrolyte which allows
electrochemical etching. Thickener and rheological additives are added to form a screen-printable paste. Additionally
different additives are varied to improve printing paste behavior and printing results. The homogeneity of the printing
paste is a major factor in the quality of etched structures. The multi-level homogenizing process developed in the
present work reduces the particle size by about 35%. Using the optimized NaNO3-based paste, etched lines are
formed in 100 nm aluminum layers by the Electrochemical Screen Printing (ESP) process. The smallest lines show
widths of 80 μm and the adjacent aluminum regions are electrically separated up to a resistance of 1.6 MΩ. The
process time is less than 2 seconds for 156x156 mm2 samples. Further process modifications ensure another particle
size reduction of 33%. First IBC test structures are etched with line widths of 160 μm by using the novel process.
A Simple B/P Thermal Diffusion Approach for n-Type PERT Solar Cell
Creators: name: Zhang, S.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Liu, X.
name: Wu, C.
name: Yu, S.
name: Wei, Q.
name: Ni, Z.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 672-674
description: A simple boron/phosphorus thermal diffusion approach is proposed, which can considerably simply the fabrication procedure of n-type PERT (Passivated Emitter Rear Totally-diffused) crystalline silicon solar cells with even higher efficiencies. The boron-doped emitter and phosphorus-doped back surface field were fabricated in one co-diffusion process, because the boron paste coated and dense BSG (boron silicate glass) layer formed on the surface of the front side could act as a barrier from the diffusion of phosphorus. With this B/P co-diffusion method, the maximum efficiency of 20.41% on the front side of PERT solar cell was achieved, and 18.78% on the rear side achieved. The differences between co-diffusion method and traditional two-step diffusion method were compared and discussed in detail. These results indicate that B/P co-diffusion might be a promising alternative method for the mass production of n-type PERT solar cells.
Learning 'Not to Undermine': Questions of Institutional Interplay between the BBNJ Agreement and RFMOs
Creators: name: McDonough, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: International Fisheries Law, BBNJ Agreement, UNCLOS

description: This presentation analyzes the institutional interplay between the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement and regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) concerning conservation and management of fish stocks in the high seas.
Amorphous Silicon Deposited with Plasma Excitation Frequencies Larger Than 100 MHz for Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Strobel, C.
name: Leszczynska, B.
name: Leszczynski, S.
name: Albert, M.
name: Stahr, F.
name: Kuske, J.
name: Bartha, J.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 745-748
description: Intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon layers (a-Si:H) for heterojunction solar cells with intrinsic
thin layers (HIT) are deposited by means of radio frequency (RF) and very high frequency (VHF) plasma-enhanced
chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The VHF plasma excitation frequency used here (140 MHz) is much higher
than typically used in the VHF range. It is widely known, that the ion energy in the plasma decreases with increasing
plasma excitation frequency. Thus, it can be expected that the reduced ion bombardment energies in VHF plasmas
results in a better passivation of the wafer surface. The properties and the passivation potential of intrinsic a-Si:H
layers fabricated with a plasma excitation frequency of 140 MHz and 13.56 MHz are compared. It is demonstrated,
that the effective carrier lifetimes remain higher for VHF a-Si:H layers grown near the onset of epitaxial growth as
compared to RF a-Si:H layers. This leads to a higher degree of freedom for the fabrication of passivation layers by
VHF-PECVD with high hydrogen dilution ratios in the plasma. High carrier lifetimes up to 13 milliseconds are
achieved. The static and dynamic deposition mode of a-Si:H passivation layers is compared. A drawback of the
dynamic deposition method could not be observed. Instead, a slightly increased carrier lifetime for the dynamic
deposition is demonstrated. High solar cell efficiencies above 20 % are achieved for heterojunction devices with
intrinsic thin a-Si:H layers.
Immunological changes in experimental lymphoma and human leukaemia
Creators: name: Foy, Aidan.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Causal production of the electromagnetic energy flux and role of the negative energies in Blandford-Znajek process
Creators: name: Toma, Kenji
name: Takahara, Fumio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blandford-Znajek process, the steady electromagnetic energy extraction from a rotating black hole (BH), is widely believed to work for driving relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts and Galactic microquasars, although it is still under debate how the Poynting flux is causally produced and how the rotational energy of the BH is reduced. We generically discuss the Kerr BH magnetosphere filled with a collisionless plasma screening the electric field along the magnetic field, extending the arguments of Komissarov and our previous paper, and propose a new picture for resolving the issues. For the magnetic field lines threading the equatorial plane in the ergosphere, we find that the inflow of particles with negative energy as measured in the coordinate basis is generated near that plane as a feedback from the Poynting flux production, which appears to be a similar process to the mechanical Penrose process. For the field lines threading the event horizon, we first show that the concept of the steady inflow of negative electromagnetic energy is not physically essential, partly because the sign of the electromagnetic energy density depends on the coordinates. Then we build an analytical toy model of a time-dependent process both in the Boyer-Lindquist and Kerr-Schild coordinate systems in which the force-free plasma injected continuously is filling a vacuum, and suggest that the structure of the steady outward Poynting flux is causally constructed by the displacement current and the cross-field current at the in-going boundary between the plasma and the vacuum. In the steady state, the Poynting flux is maintained without any electromagnetic source.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in PTEP
Infrared Image Processing Algorithm for Solar Cell Defect Assessment
Creators: name: Hovhannisyan, A.
name: Petrosyan, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Feedstock, Crystallisation, Wafering, Defect Engineering

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 580-582
description: The detection and assessment of solar cell defects are highly important during the development, production and usage of photovoltaic modules. Solar cell defects can be detected by different methods including electroluminescence, photoluminescence and thermography. In this paper, the algorithm for solar cell defect assessment by infrared image processing is proposed. The algorithm is based on comparison of infrared images of testing cell and the sample of high quality solar cell. For the algorithm realization, the NI LabVIEW and NI Vision Assistant applications are used. The suggested method of defects assessment allows to realize the solar cell infrared image processing automatically with the high definition.
Inline PECVD Deposition of a-Si Layers for Heterojunction Solar Cells on an Industrial Scale
Creators: name: Temmler, J.
name: Moldovan, A.
name: Putra, D.
name: Bivour, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 725-728
description: In this work the recent results concerning inline deposition of amorphous silicon obtained with a
PECVD tool from Meyer Burger Germany (MBG) are presented. The depositions are done with an adapted MAiA
tool which for this matter contains radio frequency linear plasma sources for the intrinsic as well as the doped
amorphous silicon layers. In order to investigate the properties of these layers/layer stacks, especially concerning
passivation quality and selectivity, we prepared various sample structures to determine minority carrier
lifetime/implied open-circuit voltage, band bending and electrical properties. Minority carrier lifetimes of up to 7 ms
and average implied open-circuit voltages of above 730 mV are verified for intrinsic amorphous silicon. We could
proof a sufficient band bending for both n- and p-doped and demonstrate an n-doped inline process which leads to
external open-circuit voltages above 700 mV and pseudo fill factor values above 80 %. It is also shown for the layer
stack consisting of intrinsic and n-doped amorphous silicon that we can reach a sufficient net doping to obtain
required selectivity of the contact for the extraction of excess charge carriers.
Analysis of arbitrary superconducting quantum circuits accompanied by a Python package: SQcircuit
Creators: name: Rajabzadeh, Taha
name: Wang, Zhaoyou
name: Lee, Nathan
name: Makihara, Takuma
name: Guo, Yudan
name: Safavi-Naeini, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting quantum circuits are a promising hardware platform for realizing a fault-tolerant quantum computer. Accelerating progress in this field of research demands general approaches and computational tools to analyze and design more complex superconducting circuits. We develop a framework to systematically construct a superconducting quantum circuit's quantized Hamiltonian from its physical description. As is often the case with quantum descriptions of multicoordinate systems, the complexity rises rapidly with the number of variables. Therefore, we introduce a set of coordinate transformations with which we can find bases to diagonalize the Hamiltonian efficiently. Furthermore, we broaden our framework's scope to calculate the circuit's key properties required for optimizing and discovering novel qubits. We implement the methods described in this work in an open-source Python package SQcircuit. In this manuscript, we introduce the reader to the SQcircuit environment and functionality. We show through a series of examples how to analyze a number of interesting quantum circuits and obtain features such as the spectrum, coherence times, transition matrix elements, coupling operators, and the phase coordinate representation of eigenfunctions.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures. Accompanying SQcircuit package on https://sqcircuit.org/
Optimization and Application of a Single-Stage Co-Diffusion Process for Industrial n-Type Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Wehmeier, N.
name: Nowack, A.
name: Dorn, S.
name: Kiefer, F.
name: Brendemühl, T.
name: Kajari-Schröder, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 589-594
description: Industrial n-type silicon solar cells with high efficiencies usually require a complex fabrication
process with two separate furnace diffusions. In this work, we aim for an optimized single-stage co-diffusion
process for the simultaneous formation of the p+-emitter and the n+-front surface field (FSF) of industrial ntype
rear emitter cells. A stack of boron silicate glass (BSG) and silicon nitride (SiNz) deposited by means of
plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) acts as boron diffusion source. The co-diffusion is
performed in a POCl3 quartz tube. At a single temperature plateau of only 850 °C, which is the lowest codiffusion
temperature reported so far, the n+-region is diffused from POCl3 gas while simultaneously boron is
driven-in from the BSG and forms the emitter. For tailoring the phosphorus doping profile, we integrate two
in-situ oxidation steps into the co-diffusion process and investigate the influence of the oxidation times to
achieve adequate phosphorus sheet resistances. With a first in-situ oxidation for 15 min and a second 60 min
oxidation, we achieve phosphorus sheet resistances of Rsheet,P=117 Ω/ and saturation current densities as low
as J0,P=47 fA/cm² on symmetrically diffused and passivated test structures. A contact resistivity of 3 mΩ cm²
can be reached with a commercially available Ag paste. In addition, we vary the parameters of the PECVD
BSG diffusion source controlling the boron content. Thus, we can adjust the sheet resistance to values
between about 110 Ω/ and 300 Ω/ and reach emitter saturation current densities as low as 9 fA/cm² and
implied open-circuit voltages up to 718 mV. We perform cell simulations in order to identify optimum sheet
resistance values for our selected single-stage co-diffusion and contacting geometry and identify optimum
parameters of Rsheet,B=150-200 Ω/. With a lean process flow, we fabricate co-diffused n-type passivated
emitter and rear totally diffused (PERT) back junction (BJ) cells with a high efficiency of 20.7%.
Aligning individual brains with Fused Unbalanced Gromov-Wasserstein
Creators: name: Thual, Alexis
name: Tran, Huy
name: Zemskova, Tatiana
name: Courty, Nicolas
name: Flamary, Rémi
name: Dehaene, Stanislas
name: Thirion, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Individual brains vary in both anatomy and functional organization, even within a given species. Inter-individual variability is a major impediment when trying to draw generalizable conclusions from neuroimaging data collected on groups of subjects. Current co-registration procedures rely on limited data, and thus lead to very coarse inter-subject alignments. In this work, we present a novel method for inter-subject alignment based on Optimal Transport, denoted as Fused Unbalanced Gromov Wasserstein (FUGW). The method aligns cortical surfaces based on the similarity of their functional signatures in response to a variety of stimulation settings, while penalizing large deformations of individual topographic organization. We demonstrate that FUGW is well-suited for whole-brain landmark-free alignment. The unbalanced feature allows to deal with the fact that functional areas vary in size across subjects. Our results show that FUGW alignment significantly increases between-subject correlation of activity for independent functional data, and leads to more precise mapping at the group level.
Additional file 1 of The perspectives of oncology healthcare providers on the role of palliative care in a comprehensive cancer center
Creators: name: Anderson, Trenley M.
name: Farrell, Megan M.
name: Moss, Gabriel
name: Gupta, Mona
name: Mooney, Stefanie
name: Daunov, Katherine
name: Savernick, Megan
name: Frandsen, Jan
name: Verrona, Kolby
name: Pecoraro, Aryn
name: Mance, Cassandra
name: Garcia, Jorge
name: Lee, Richard T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.