cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Framework for crawling and local event detection using twitter data
Creators: name: Bakshi, Hrishikesh
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Twitter is a popular social media service, with millions of registered users as of December 2010. Twitter hosts substantial amounts of user-contributed data of real-world events. Twitter‟s core functions represent a simple social awareness stream model. Twitter users share information about upcoming events, the events the users are attending and events being broadcasted. The users also specify their location in their profile on Twitter. We can programmatically collect data from Twitter using their API and detect top terms and events in the data. Researchers can use this program to collect any kind of data from social networks easily. Journalists can get a real time the list of events detected by this method. In this thesis, we propose a solution to tackle the problem above. We wrote scripts that collected Twitter data through Twitter API. The scripts collect data according to user location and by search keywords. We built a web interface that provides mechanism to manage the collection of data. The web interface allows addition of new locations and keywords to the data collection. We collected Twitter data for important locations across the United States of America and the world using these tools. We use two approaches to detect trends in the data. In the first approach, we detected spikes in data by looking at overall rate of tweets at each location over a period of time. In the second approach, .we indexed the data according to location and time of the day. Then, we identified trends in the indexed data by ranking the terms according to spikes in term frequency. Using our framework, we can detect the top events and trends for a given time period and location according to Twitter data.
title: Chytrid fungi infecting Arctic microphytobenthic communities under varying salinity conditions
Creators: name: Ilicic, Doris
name: Woodhouse, Jason
name: Karsten, Ulf
name: Schimani, Katherina
name: Zimmermann, Jonas
name: Grossart, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chytrids
subject: Arctic
subject: Fungal parasites
subject: Microphytobenthos
subject: Zoosporic fungi
classificationCode: 580
subject: Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: This study aimed to investigate the presence and diversity of fungal parasites in Arctic coastal microphytobenthic communities. These communities represent a key component in the functioning of Arctic trophic food webs. Fungal parasites, particularly Chytridiomycota (chytrids), play significant roles by controlling microalgal bloom events, impacting genetic diversity, modifying microbial interactions, and accelerating nutrient and energy transfer to higher trophic levels. In the context of rapid Arctic warming and increased glacier meltwater, which significantly affects these communities, we used high-throughput sequencing to explore fungal community composition. Our results show that chytrids dominate fungal communities in Arctic benthic habitats and that the overall fungal diversity is primarily influenced by the salinity gradient. Chytrid representation is positively correlated with the presence of potential benthic diatom (Surirella, Nitzschia, Navicula) and green algae (Ulvophyceae) hosts, while microscopic observations provide further evidence for the presence of active chytrid infections.
Multi-radio interference diagnosis in unlicensed bandsusing passive monitoring
Creators: name: Baid, Akash
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The increasing density and data rate of unlicensed band wireless devices has led to significant inter- and intra-radio interference problems. Multiple competing standards such as the IEEE 802.11b/g, Bluetooth and ZigBee, all of which operate in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, can interfere with each other when used in typical indoor environments, potentially causing significant performance degradation. This thesis aims to characterize different types of heterogeneous interference in the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band and develop techniques to diagnose interference related problems using passive monitoring. The firstpart of the thesis presents detailed experimental results (using the ORBIT radio grid testbed) to quantify the effects of such interference in representative small office and home (SOHO) environment. In particular, different topologies, traffic loads and numberof interfering devices are emulated to show the impact of multi-radio interference and to characterize each kind of interference. The second part of the thesis describesa cross-layer, multi-radio interference diagnosis framework (called “spectrum MRI”) which aims to classify and diagnose multi-radio interference problems using heuristic and model-based methods. Validation experiments show that broad auto-classification of multi-radio interference in terms of congestion, slow links, inter AP interference andBluetooth interference is possible using heuristic algorithms and passive monitoring.
Dysoxylum rugulosum King
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Dysoxylum
Dysoxylum rugulosum

description: 28. Dysoxylum rugulosum King in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 64: 49. 1895
– Lectotype (designated by Mabberley in Soepadmo & al., Tree Fl. Sabah Sarawak 6: 175. 2007): Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, Larut Hills, King’ s Collector 3158 (SING barcode SING 0178569!).
Distribution. – Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.
Note. – See also Mabberley (2013a: 222).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1264, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Dress and identity in the arts of western Anatolia
Creators: name: Şare, Tuna
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation investigates the variety of clothing options available to the ancient Western Anatolians from the seventh through the fourth centuries BCE as evidenced by archaeological remains, visual representations, and rare written sources. The body of the dissertation includes an analysis of the textile industries, a typological examination of the dress items, and three case studies of the tomb imagery in Western Anatolia. Given the lack of first hand evidence for the social history of the region, especially of its non-Greek populations, this examination reveals the important position articles of dress occupied in conveying social roles and status in Western Anatolia. Through an analysis of the 'language of dress‘ this dissertation reaches two conclusions. First, there existed a distinctive 'Anatolian‘ dress fashion shared among the various ethnic groups of Anatolia during the time in question. Second, the Western Anatolian elite adjusted borrowed dress fashions from the Persian court in order to show their status claims within the local socio-historical circumstances.
Novel strategy for protecting neurons from injury in stroke
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: One of the most serious consequences of chronic tobacco use is cerebrovascular disease, specifically stroke damage to the nervous system. One of the tragedies of neurological disease is that, in the vast majority of cases, a neuron lost to disease cannot be replaced. This increases the pressure to find therapies that will prevent an endangered neuron from dying.

 Knowledge has emerged in the last decade regarding how a neuron dies after an insult like a stroke, uncovering what the cells “Achilles’ heels” are. This knowledge has made possible a strategy of introducing protective genes into neurons that might protect them from stroke damage. For complex reasons, the most plausible way of conducting such “gene therapy” is to use safe, artificial versions of viruses that preferentially infect neurons (such as herpes virus) as “vectors” for delivering protective genes. My laboratory has been one of those pioneering gene therapy techniques in the nervous system, using such viral vectors. We have reported the protective effects of a handful of genes, using both tissue culture and animal models of stroke, seizure and hypoglycemia.

 In this proposal, we wish to expand into our next generation of genes to study, examining their ability to protect neurons in tissue culture from models of stroke-like damage; success in this area would be a precursor to then using whole animal models of injury. The new genes (and their protein products) that we wish to study are as follows: (a) during periods of injury or challenge, cells activate a family of genes that code for “stress proteins” that aid their survival, and we wish to study the protective effects of the stress protein gene that is most dramatically activated during a neuronal crisis. (b) We have previously documented the neuroprotective potential of a gene coding for an “antiapoptotic protein” (one that protects against programmed cell death following strokes); a new version of this gene has recently been identified, coding for a protein that should be even more protective than its cousin that we have studied, in that it works for a far longer period of time. (c) One of the main consequences of stroke damage is the generation of oxygen radicals, and we will be studying the protective effects of a family of antioxidant enzymes. In the experiments outlined, we will not only determine whether a viral vector expressing one of these genes does indeed reduce neuron death, but how such protection occurs, examining the intervening cell biology.

 Gene therapy within the nervous system is in its infancy as a discipline, and techniques are far from being ready for clinical use. However, studies such as these are important ones for moving it in that direction. When usable in a clinical setting such approaches may be of enormous benefit.
Effects of passive smoking and pregnancy
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Studies in people have suggested that second-hand smoke from cigarettes can cause cancer in people who never smoked. Importantly, some of the most vulnerable non-smokers to second-hand cigarette smoke may be to newborn children. These studies, while implicating second-hand smoke as a human health threat, do not provide information on how this process occurs. Information on the way second-hand smoke causes cancer will aid significantly in our understanding of the risk this poses to the public and to children.

 Smoking-related cancers are believed to involve chemicals present in the smoke. Passive smoke, which is emitted from the burning end of the cigarette, contains higher concentrations of these chemicals than main stream smoke. Upon inhalation, these chemicals pass from the smoke into the bloodstream and chemically bind to proteins and the genetic material of cells, DNA, forming adducts. DNA and protein adducts have been detected in the sperm of adult men who smoke and in the placenta and umbilical cords of newborn children of women who smoke. However, there has been no information to show that second-hand smoke causes this damage. There is also no direct method to measure these adducts at levels of chemical exposure equivalent to second-hand smoke.

 The purpose of this work will be to specifically determine if DNA and protein adducts are formed when exposed to two chemicals present in cigarette smoke, nicotine and hydroquinone, at levels present in side-stream smoke. These chemicals are important components of the smoke. This will be possible using the novel and sensitive technique of accelerator mass spectrometry. This research will determine whether adduct levels increase with increasing dose and will help identify whether the adducts of these common components of cigarette smoke can be used to measure side-stream smoke exposure. This research will also help determine if this damage occurs in the offspring of smoking mothers.
Selected Scientometrics Books and Journals for beginners
Creators: name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: 来源文献:  李杰. 科学计量学导论[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社. 2025.

Source:  Li Jie. Introduction to Scientometrics [M]. Beijing: Capital University of Economics and Business Press. 2025.
Epicharis Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Epicharis

description: III. Epicharis Blume, Bijdr.Fl. Ned.Ind.:166.1825
≡ Dysoxylumsect.Epicharis(Blume) Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 7. 1868 –Type (designated here by F. Hauenschild& D.J. Mabberley):E. densifloraBlume.
= Piptosaccos Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31: 415. 1858 – Type: Piptosaccos hypophyllantha Turcz. = Epicharis parasitica (Osbeck) Mabb.
Distribution. – Seven species from Indochina, Taiwan and Philippines to Fiji.
Notes. – The type was chosen from the species examined molecularly in this paper. The generic name may well have been taken from that of the title of a play in production in Jakarta (Batavia), Java, at the time, according to contemporary newspapers (Bataviasche Koloniale Courant, in which newspaper Blume published new plant-names such as Rafflesia patma Blume [Rafflesiaceae; Mabberley, 1999]). Epicharis (d. 65 CE) was a remarkable woman, a leading member of a conspiracy against the Roman Emperor, Nero; she was tortured and committed suicide rather than betray her friends.
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1264, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Forced prostitution
Creators: name: Anderson Hughes, Jessica R.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation enhances and complicates the history of Nazi racial and sexual policies by examining the quotidian politics of ten brothels staffed by and for prisoners that operated in concentration camps in Germany and its occupied territories. Instituted in1941 under the command of Heinrich Himmler with the goal of providing rewards for diligent labor among “prominent” male camp prisoners, the brothels constituted a unique space in which competing Nazi ideologies of race, power, and sex collided. Thisdissertation not only explores how the brothels functioned as part of a Nazi-inspired laborincentive program for “prominent” prisoners, but also reveals their unannounced functions, such as serving as laboratories of sexual experimentation for the “reeducation” of homosexual prisoners. It shows too how prisoners instrumentalized sex and sexuality to their advantage. Although the majority of women and some men could not choose their level of participation in the brothel, in many instances they were able touse their time in the brothel to their advantage. For some female prisoners forced into prostitution and for male prisoners earning the privilege of brothel visits, sexual activity inside the brothel provided brief moments of intimacy within the dehumanizing atmosphere of the camps. Sexual activity behind the brothel doors thus became a reaffirmation of humanity for certain prisoners and a pivotal element of their survivalstrategy. This history of the brothels makes three crucial interventions. The first is a reconceptualization of the choices made by women forced into prostitution byproblematizing concepts like “volunteerism” and “prostitute” in this setting, this study makes plain the circumstances surrounding the agency of these women. The second is to complicate and add to the literature on the “gray zone” and notions of “cooperation”under Nazi rule. The third is to provide a nuanced, detailed analysis of the functioning of sex, race, and power in Nazi Germany. This research transforms and adds to our understanding of the role of sex in Nazi policy. Despite the regime’s desire to harnesssexuality, it proved that even in a closely controlled atmosphere, to be beyond the state’s control.
Detection of occult metastases in patients with lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and was estimated to kill 171,500 men and women in 1998. Tobacco use remains the single most relevant factor in development of lung cancers. Surgery ( alone or in combination with adjuvant therapy) represents the only potentially curative treatment. However, treatment failures occur in a high proportion of cases because of distant spread ( metastasis ) of the cancer cells. The detection of occult ( hidden ) metastasis is the most important issue for outcome and management of lung cancer.

 Our laboratory has developed extremely sensitive methods for detecting occult tumor metastases. These methods are more sensitive than any clinical, pathologic or radiographic techniques, and detect as few as one tumor cell in one million normal cells. Pilot studies from our earlier projects on development and validation of these methods were funded twice by TRDRP. We have shown that occult tumor spread in lymph nodes and bone marrow is a significant predictor of disease recurrence. Furthermore, once surgery is performed, the primary form of treatment is adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. In patients with no evidence of metastasis, success of such chemotherapy is assumed to be due to killing of occult tumor before it becomes clinically evident. Therefore, the ability to detect occult metastasis is pivotal to identification of patients who would most benefit from chemotherapy.

 The primary goal of this study is to definitively determine, in a multi-center clinical trial, if occult metastases detected in patients who are clinically free of disease can identify the patients most likely to progress to disease recurrence. This could have a profound influence on our ability to identify specific populations of patients most likely to benefit from systemic chemotherapy, and would also identify patients who may be spared from unnecessary chemotherapy.

 We also plan to evaluate several novel techniques that we have developed in our laboratory which may make detection of occult metastasis more sensitive and readily available to physicians. These novel techniques include a sensitive image analysis system and sophisticated molecular biology methods.

 Finally, we will study an important characteristic of tumor metastases, that is, their dormancy status. Characterization of dormancy may have significant influence on determination of type of treatment that will most benefit the patient.

 The studies proposed here should allow us to identify patients with lung cancer at greatest and least risk of disease progression, define therapeutic options and provide new molecular targets for elimination of dormant metastases. These studies could have a profound impact on the management of patients with this common and lethal disease.
Epicharis alata Harms
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Epicharis
Epicharis alata

description: 1. Epicharis alata (Harms) Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2, 19bI: 169. 1940
≡ Dysoxylum alatum Harms in Lauterbach & Schumann, Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee: 381. 1900 – Holotype (B†) – Lectotype (designated here by D.J. Mabberley): Lauterbach 1010 (WRSL barcode WR LB 065685 [image!]).
Distribution. – New Guinea.
Note. – See also Mabberley (1995b: 76).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1265, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Fluid mobility
Creators: name: Alexanderson, Kris
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation explores how Dutch anxieties over the loss of imperial hegemony in Southeast Asia evolved into a transnational and transoceanic project of colonial control during a time of increasing political unrest and rapid cultural change within the Netherlands East Indies. The maritime world became a contested arena during the interwar years where the tensions of empire comingled with the liberating and transgressive possibilities of oceanic travel. Shipping companies enforced racial, class, gender, and religious hierarchies among a fluidly mobile population of increasinglyresistant and outspoken colonial subjects. Dutch shipping companies used segregated and highly policed onboard spaces as colonial classrooms to instill the proper behavior expected of both colonial subjects and European travelers once ashore. The colonial government depended on maritime businesses to control the flow of anti-Western andanti-colonial ideas such as pan-Islamism and Communism across its colonial borders. Dutch Consulates in port cities such as Jeddah and Shanghai completed these transnational surveillance networks by collecting information on suspicious persons including Indonesian hajjis studying in Mecca and Cairo and seamen moving between Europe, China, and the Netherlands East Indies. This dissertation reveals the unique and vital role shipping companies played in expanding colonial politics, culture, and societyacross transoceanic spaces, reconceptualizing our geographic understanding of empire as inhabiting the vast overlooked spaces between metropole and colony.
Preophidion Frizzell & Dante 1965
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Ophidiiformes
Ophidiidae
Preophidion

description: Genus Preophidion Frizzell & Dante, 1965
Type species
Preophidion petropolis Frizzell & Dante, 1965, middle Eocene.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 197, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Phytomyza astotinensis Griffiths
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Linden, John Van Der
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
name: Palmer, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Phytomyza
Phytomyza astotinensis

description: Phytomyza astotinensis Griffiths
Material examined. MASSACHUSETTS: Worcester Co., Rutland, 42.381206, -71.964980, 9.vi.2018, em. 24.vi.2018, J.A. Blyth, ex Solidago rugosa, # CSE4689, CNC1135714 (1♁).
Hosts. Asteraceae: Solidago canadensis L., S. flexicaulis L. (tentatively identified specimens), S. gigantea Aiton, S. latissimifolia Mill., S. * rugosa Mill. (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018). We have seen leaf mines likely referable to this species on S. altissima L. and S. macrophylla Banks ex Pursh.
Leaf mine. Whitish, on the upper surface, narrow and linear throughout; frass typically in fine particles, mostly forming short beaded strips, but in some cases mostly deposited in an erratic jumble of squiggly fragments, rarely appearing as straight strips for a very short stretch (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Puparium. Black; formed outside the mine.
Phenology and voltinism. As discussed by Eiseman & Lonsdale (2018), this species is thought to be univoltine in Alberta, where larvae collected in early August and late September emerged as adults the following spring, but it is at least bivoltine in Massachusetts, where larvae collected between 9 and 12 June emerge as adults by the end of the month, larvae collected in late July have yielded tentatively identified females in mid-August, and larvae of the overwintering generation have been collected in early October.
Distribution. USA: MA, WI?; Canada: AB (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018). We have found leaf mines likely referable to this species in IA and MI.
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2021, Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4931 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4545337
Nicotine effects on neurological development
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: A particularly tragic effect of tobacco smoke is what it does to unborn and newborn babies, including how it affects their brain growth. Nicotine in a mother's bloodstream can cross the placenta to affect brain development in the fetus. Even after birth, nicotine in secondhand smoke inhaled by infants can affect their growing brains. For example, studies have shown that smoking by pregnant mothers results in babies that do not respond as well as they should to sounds around them. As a result, their abilities later on in life to hear and speak normally are hurt. Since these babies have normal input from their ears to their brain, their problems come from improper brain development. Similar problems also occur in infants who inhale secondhand smoke. It is not known why nicotine has this effect, nor is it known how much nicotine must be inhaled in order to produce these effects. This research will determine how exposure to nicotine affects the normal development of the auditory cortex (the highest brain center responsible for hearing). Scientists think that a protein called the NMDA receptor is important for the development of the auditory cortex (and similar areas for sight and touch). Recent studies have shown that nicotine affects the normal functions of the NMDA receptor. The effect is strongest during a brief period of time shortly after birth. This may be the time when the growing brain is most vulnerable to the effects of tobacco smoke. By placing tiny electrodes into brain cells to measure their activity, we will determine exactly how nicotine affects the NMDA receptor. We will also determine how much exposure to nicotine is sufficient to affect brain growth. Finally, we will test auditory functions in adult rats that were exposed to nicotine as pups, to determine how exposing babies to nicotine will affect their abilities as they age. This research will benefit the public by increasing our understanding of how nicotine affects brain function.
The intention to share
Creators: name: Alajmi, Bibi M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Since the 1990s, the rise of some online communities as well as the decline of others has caught the attention of academia as well as of practice. One assumption for the decline of some online communities is the lack of the rich knowledge content that is believed to be the source of competitiveness and sustainability of any online community. Online communities are increasingly acknowledging the value of knowledge and the knowledge sharing processes required for online communities to build and sustain their identity in this competitive and constantly changing online environment. This research aims to provide an understanding of knowledge sharing behavior through the adaptation of two major theories imported from Social Psychology: the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TpB). Exploring knowledge sharing from a social psychological perspective provides an understanding of the process an individual goes through to make the decision to share his/her knowledge with others as well as the different psychological factors facilitating or hindering knowledge sharing behavior. Research findings are based on a web-survey of 158 group members, and an observation of interactions of eight active groups in one online community of professional educators. Proposing an extended theoretical model of knowledge sharing behavior in an online community, this research found that normative pressures, including subjective norms and descriptive norms, had a strong influence on the formation of the individual’s intention to share in the online community. Knowledge sharing self-efficacy also was found to significantly account for explaining the individual’s motivation to share his/her knowledge with other members. Attitude and controllability were not found to have significant impacts on the formation of intention. The qualitative analysis of the interactions of members of eight active groups revealed that there were other implicit factors that motivated individuals to engage in online activities. The observation of 24 online sessions had generated beliefs related to knowledge sharing behavior. Those beliefs were related to normative beliefs and the pressure created by the expectations of others, control beliefs and the confidence of the individual’s ability to behave, and finally, behavioral beliefs and individual outcome expectations.
Tobacco Control Digital Library
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Public and private organizations throughout the country are releasing information from the tobacco industry. Millions of pages of corporate documents covering the past half-century are now available to the public. These documents reveal the inner workings of cigarette manufacturers and contain corporate practices, marketing, and directions for scientific research. A small portion is available on the internet with unrestricted access worldwide. At the same time there are large repositories of paper documents offering only onsite access.

 In this project, we will develop an online resource center to collect, index and preserve information in digital format about the tobacco industry. The Tobacco Control Digital Library (TCDL) will assemble existing and new digital collections into an integrated, seamless framework which supports the search and retrieval of tobacco information. We will also provide continuous access to important digital collections that lack long term support as well as index and digitize documents available now only in paper format. The existing UCSF Tobacco Control Archives (TCA) website will form the foundation for the Tobacco Control Digital Library. The Brown & Williamson Collection, the Cigarette Papers Online, the public policy reports from UCSF faculty, and the Mangini Collection are all online resources made available through the Tobacco Control Archives. The TCDL will build upon this online tobacco resource through the release of additional quality digital information organized on the web in a user-friendly searchable system.

 With the creation of the TCDL, an online resource will be established to support policy research including studies assessing the role of anti-tobacco and pro-tobacco forces in shaping California's tobacco policies. This resource will provide data essential for the analysis of these forces including the industry's promotion of tobacco products and the impact of this promotion on the evolution of the California's tobacco control policies as well as on the state's diverse populations. Through this grant we will continue our participation in recent national efforts to plan coordinated access to tobacco industry documents. While a coordinated national approach is a long term objective, the steps we propose in this grant will assure the continued acquisition of critical material for tobacco control efforts in California. A financially supported TCDL will position California to play a lead role in this nationwide planning effort to coordinate access to tobacco industry information.
Theoretical verification of an alternative load path system applied to an existing truss bridge to prevent collapse
Creators: name: Alboum, Matthew
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Collapse of non-load path redundant structures is a growing concern in the United States. With many of the structures in our nation’s infrastructure reaching theirdesign age, many bridges are vulnerable to this type of failure. Truss bridges in particular are a major concern since many older truss bridges are classified as nonload path redundant structures, in which a failure of one component will result in a catastrophic structural collapse. A potential solution to this problem is designing a system to redirect load around a damaged joint, creating an alternate path for the load to travel through. The implementation of an alternate load path system to deteriorated truss connections can be a rapid and economical solution to extend the design life of truss bridges by protecting against collapse. The system will consist of high strength struts and cuff joints attached to the existing truss members to safelytransfer the load around a failed truss connection. To design an alternate load path system, a theoretical two-dimensional analysis to verify that design of such a system is possible and plausible is required. This analysis must verify that the alternate load path system is capable of transferring the loads, will not impose excess additional load onto the existing truss members, and can perform properly under areal loading scenario. Upon completion of two-dimensional testing to determine themost efficient alternate load path system, the New Hope-Lambertville Truss Bridge was chosen as a case study and modeled for analysis. This structure was then tested with the ALPS applied, and it was concluded that application of the ALPS will safely transfer the loads around a damaged node without causing any major increases of force or moment to the existing truss members.
Epicharis brevipanicula Hauenschild & Mabb. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Holzmeyer, Laura
name: Hauenschild, Frank
name: Mabberley, David J.
name: Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Epicharis
Epicharis brevipanicula

description: 2. Epicharis brevipanicula (C.DC.) Hauenschild & Mabb., comb. nov.
≡ Dysoxylum brevipaniculum C.DC. in Nova Guinea, Bot. 8: 1011. 1914 – Holotype: Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Humboldt [= Yos Sudarso] Bay, Gjellerup 418 (? G n.v.; isotypes: BO, L barcode L 0017191!, U barcode U 0004322!).
Distribution. – New Guinea.
Note. – See also Mabberley (1995b: 89).
description: Published as part of Holzmeyer, Laura, Hauenschild, Frank, Mabberley, David J. & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2021, Confirmed polyphyly, generic recircumscription and typification of Dysoxylum (Meliaceae), with revised disposition of currently accepted species, pp. 1248-1272 in TAXON 70 (6) on page 1265, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12591, http://zenodo.org/record/14047415
Role of protein phosphatase 2A in lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smoking causes lung cancer through mutation of genes that are involved in controlling the growth of lung cells. Two classes of genes are important in growth control: (1) Genes that stimulate growth (oncogenes), and (2) genes that inhibit growth (tumor suppressor genes). The former become activated by mutation whereas the latter become inactivated. In most cancers, including lung cancer, mutation of both types of genes contributes to the development of cancer.

 For many years, our laboratory has investigated a type of protein that facilitates metabolic processes, i.e., an enzyme. In particular, we are interested in the enzyme known as protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). PP2A controls the function of other proteins by removing phosphate residues from the amino acids serine and threonine. PP2A is composed of three different protein components (or subunits) that are called A, B, and C. One form of A subunit, called Ab, was recently found to be mutated or deleted in lung and colon cancer cells, suggesting that Ab plays a role as tumor suppressor in lung and colon cancer. Our hypothesis is that mutations in the Ab subunit destroy its tumor suppressing activity of protein phosphatase 2A by abolishing the interaction between Ab and the other two subunits B and C. To test this hypothesis, we will carry out binding experiments with normal and mutated Ab, B, and C subunits using assays that were previously developed in our laboratory.

 Our work is relevant to lung cancer, in particular since it is highly likely that smoking causes mutations in the Ab subunit resulting in loss of the tumor suppressing function of PP2A. It is conceivable that, based on our proposed studies, drugs can be found that revert the effect of Ab mutations in lung and colon cancer; i.e., drugs that bind to Ab mutant-containing core enzyme and exert the same effect on enzyme activity as the tumor suppressing B subunit. Since we are dealing with an enzyme, searching for drugs in a natural product or synthetic compound library is a worthwhile and realistic goal.
A computerized image analysis framework for dynamiccontrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI) with applications to breast cancer
Creators: name: Agner, Shannon Christine
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) provides a wealth of information about the anatomy of the breast, particularly in the setting of breast cancer diagnosis. In addition to the images it provides regarding the architecture ofbreast tissue, it also provides functional information about blood flow by means of the DCE study. The sensitivity of DCE-MRI has been reported at close to 100%, so the difficult tasks for the radiologist in reviewing breast DCE-MRI are: (1) discerningbetween which lesions are benign and which are malignant; and (2) doing so for a patient study that involves hundreds of images and is 4-dimensional. Because of the great detail and volume of information DCE-MRI provides, computational methods for both extracting and analyzing information derived from the images are useful in distilling the entire patient study down to the most salient images and features for theradiologist to examine. In this dissertation, computer-based methods developed foranalyzing the data acquired in a breast DCE-MRI patient study are described. In the first part, pre-processing methods used for aligning the images of the timedependent DCE study are explained. Because segmentation is important for describing the morphology of the lesion as well as the region of interest for any subsequent quantitative analysis of a lesion, as a second step to pre-processing, a spectral embedding based active contour (SEAC) method for segmentation of lesions is developed and tested. Afeature developed for extracting the spatiotemporal characteristics of breast lesions, termed textural kinetics, is then described, and its utility is demonstrated for distinguishing benign from malignant lesions as well as in identifying triple negative breastlesions, a lesion type that is extremely aggressive and has no targeted therapies. Finally, these quantitative methods are summarized in a computer aided diagnosis framework that provides insight into the biologic nature of breast lesion subtypes as well as fordirecting treatment and determining prognosis.
Phytomyza confusa Eiseman & Lonsdale
Creators: name: Eiseman, Charles S.
name: Lonsdale, Owen
name: Linden, John Van Der
name: Feldman, Tracy S.
name: Palmer, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Phytomyza
Phytomyza confusa

description: Phytomyza confusa Eiseman & Lonsdale
Material examined. IOWA: Winneshiek Co., Beard Farm, 23.v.2017, em.?, J. van der Linden, ex Hydrophyllum virginianum, # CSE4645, CNC1135657 (1♁).
Host. Hydrophyllaceae: Hydrophyllum virginianum L.
Leaf mine. Irregular in shape, sometimes with a distinct linear portion and sometimes seeming to form a primary blotch, even when very small. Mines are whitish with brownish patches and discrete, dark frass grains (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Puparium. Pale brown; apparently formed externally, but this requires confirmation (Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018).
Phenology and voltinism. Larvae have now been found in May and September (the latter overwintering as pupae), indicating Phytomyza confusa is at least bivoltine.
Distribution. USA: IA.
Comments. Although no details of the leaf mine characteristics or pupation site were recorded for this new rearing, it confirms the tentative identification of the host plant that was given in the original description.
description: Published as part of Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen, Linden, John Van Der, Feldman, Tracy S. & Palmer, Michael W., 2021, Thirteen new species of Agromyzidae (Diptera) from the United States, with new host and distribution records for 32 additional species, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 4931 (1) on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4931.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4545337
Ethnic difference in cigarette smoking dynamics among youth
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cigarette smoking kills hundreds of thousands of people each year, yet adolescents continue to start smoking in our society. Research on acculturation and cigarette smoking among Asian Americans indicate that emphasis should be placed on ethnic and culture differences in smoking behavior dynamics, and selection of proper measures and methods for utilizing survey data for developing effective tobacco control plans and programs. However, in previous surveys of cigarette smoking trends, ethnic differences were often not emphasized and many key factors were frequently ignored. In attempting to measure smoking behaviors, the common tendency has been to select conventionally used indicators. When making plans and strategic decisions targeting different ethnic groups for tobacco control, evidence has been often obtained from the population in general. To provide the knowledge necessary for effective tobacco control, this study will examine the following issues with data already collected by the California Department of Health Services, the University of California at San Diego, and other groups on youth smoking issues from 1990 through 2000:

 . Describing ethnic differences in prevalence levels and secular trends of various smoking behaviors among youth by age, gender, and ethnicity from 1990 to 2000 in California;

 . Examining factors that account for ethnic differences in smoking behaviors, including acculturation levels, media exposure, peer pressure, social network smoking, attitudes toward smoking, and perceived consequences of smoking;

 . Testing age-period-cohort (APC) mathematical models for use in analyzing changes in smoking behavior dynamics over time among youth populations using multi-year cross sectional data; and

 . Developing new methods for tobacco control program evaluation at the macro level using APC models.

 Findings from this study will provide information necessary for more effective tobacco control programming and decision-making, which will benefit people from different ethnic backgrounds in California. Research papers and reports from this research will be distributed among the general public and the tobacco research field to enrich the knowledge base on tobacco-related disease control and other related public health issues.
Nicotine May Affect Inflammation
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Many diseases are characterized by inflammation, i.e., redness and soreness and swelling and this inflammation causes much suffering. The process of inflammation in the body has been shown to complex and to be modified by actions of the nervous system and action of hormones. Recently, it was found in some animal studies that nicotine stimulates hormone release that then can suppress the response of the body to produce inflammation. Another pathway in the body was found that also suppresses inflammation and uses similar hormones. This pathway is activated by pain signals. This latter pathway may function in the body to prevent inflammation from becoming overly active or persistent. Both of these effects, the effect of nicotine and the effect of pain signals, are much more prominent when a certain nerve in the body, the vagus nerve, is cut. When the vagus nerve is cut, nicotine can suppress inflammation when given at extremely low levels. We hypothesize that receptors sensitive to nicotine present on the ends of nerve fibers entering the spinal cord are important in producing both these effects. We also hypothesize that the effect of the vagus nerve (which is removed by cutting it) is produced by nerve fibers that come down thespinal cord and release chemicals similar to morphine and adrenaline in the spinal cord. We also hypothesize that the same type of effects of morphine and adrenaline-like compounds affect the action of nicotine to produce inflammation when injected into tissues. In individuals who smoke all of these mechanisms would be expected to be altered and there may also be an effect in individuals exposed to second hand smoke. Understanding the mechanisms involved in these processes should provide important information for the care of patients who smoke and in particular for patients who are smokers who also have a disease in which there is usually inflammation such as arthritis, asthma, bronchitis, inflammation of the intestines or other diseases.