cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rhinoceros Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Peter Grubb
Publisher: name: Smithsonian Institution Press
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Perissodactyla
Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros

description: Rhinoceros Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:56.
TYPE SPECIES: Rhinoceros unicornis Linnaeus, 1758.
SYNONYMS: Eurhinoceros, Monocerorhinus.
description: Published as part of Peter Grubb, 1993, Order Perissodactyla, pp. 369-372 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353118
Rhinoceros sondaicus Desmarest 1822
Creators: name: Peter Grubb
Publisher: name: Smithsonian Institution Press
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Perissodactyla
Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros
Rhinoceros sondaicus

description: Rhinoceros sondaicus Desmarest, 1822. Mammalogie, in Encycl. Meth., 2:399.
TYPE LOCALITY: Java (Indonesia).
DISTRIBUTION: Formerly Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, and probably S China through Peninsular Malaysia to Sumatra and Java. Survives in Ujung Kulon (W Java) and in Vietnam; perhaps in small areas of Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia.
STATUS: CITES - Appendix I; U.S. ESA and IUCN - Endangered.
SYNONYMS: annamiticus, floweri, inermis, javanicus, nasalis.
COMMENTS: Revised by Groves (1967c).
description: Published as part of Peter Grubb, 1993, Order Perissodactyla, pp. 369-372 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353118
Begonia (sect. Petermannia) sidolensis Dayanti, Ramadanil & Ardi
Creators: name: Ardi, W. H.
name: Thomas, D. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia sidolensis

description: 17. Begonia sidolensis Dayanti, Ramadanil & Ardi [§ Petermannia], Phytotaxa 439(2): 137 (2020).
– Type: Indonesia, Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, Gunung Sidole, Aloo Village, 2 xii 2018, E.P. Dayanti ED12 (holotype BO, isotype CEB).
Distribution. Indonesia: endemic to Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi Province (western North biogeographical region), Mount Lolombulan (see Figure 2).
Habitat. Montane rain forests growing terrestrially on steep slopes in dense shade at 1700–1900 m elevation.
Proposed IUCN conservation category. Vulnerable (VU D2) (Dayanti et al., 2020).
description: Published as part of Ardi, W. H. & Thomas, D. C., 2022, SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES, pp. 1-50 in Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (405) on page 41, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2022.405, http://zenodo.org/record/10524193
Ormyrus pomaceus Geoffroy 1785
Creators: name: Lotfalizadeh, Hosseinali
name: Askew, Richard R.
name: Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo
name: I, Majid Tavak O L
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ormyridae
Ormyrus
Ormyrus pomaceus

description: 10. Ormyrus pomaceus (Geoffroy, 1785)
Material examined: East-Azarbaijan, Sarab, Asbfrushan, Abgharm, N 37˚ 46' 47.03" E 47˚ 27' 32.07", 19.vi.2008, (H. Lotfalizadeh), 1Ψ & 1ɗ. East-Azarbaijan, Arsabaran, 1Ψ. Same locality, ex Andricus grossulariae on Quercus. brantii, 3ɗ. Same locality, ex A. sternlichti, 2ɗ. Same locality, ex Neuroterus lanuginosus on Q. brantii, 2Ψ &1ɗ. Same locality, ex N. saliens on Q. brantii, 1ɗ. Fars, Tang-e-Tour, ex Pseudoneuroterus macropterus on Q. castaneifolii, 1ɗ. Kermanshah, Gahvareh, 1Ψ & 1ɗ. Same locality, ex A. lucidus, 34Ψ & 35ɗ. Same locality, ex A. mayri, 1Ψ. Same locality, ex A. megalucidus, 1Ψ & 1ɗ. Kordestan, Pyranshahr, ex A. megalucidus on Quercus sp., 1Ψ. Same locality, ex A. grossulariae on Quercus sp., 1ɗ. Kordestan, Marivan, ex Cynips quercus on Q. macranthera, 1ɗ. Same locality, ex N. quercusbaccarum on Q. petraea, 2Ψ& 4ɗ. Same locality, ex A. curvator on Q. petraea, 1ɗ. West-Azarbaijan, Piran Shahr, ex A. coriarius on Q. petraea, 2ɗ. Same locality, ex A. multiplicatus (sex. gen.) on Q. brantii, 1Ψ 3ɗ. Same locality, ex A. polycerus, 3ɗ. Same locality, ex Chilaspis israeli (sex. gen.) on Q. brantii, 2Ψ. Same locality, 4Ψ& 7ɗ. West- Azarbaijan, Sar Dasht, ex sex. gen. on Q. brantii, 1Ψ 2ɗ. Lorestan, Ghelaie, ex A. grossulariae (sex. gen) on Q. brantii, 68Ψ & 105ɗ. Same locality, 37Ψ 20ɗ. Same locality, ex A. pseudoaries on Q. macranthera, 1ɗ. Same locality, ex Biorhiza pallida (sex. gen.), 2ɗ. Same locality, ex Cynips cornifex, 3ɗ. Same locality, 5Ψ & 8ɗ. Mazandaran, Beshahr, 2ɗ. Mazandaran, Sari, 1ɗ.
Ormyrus pomaceus has been previously reported from Iran (OILB 1971; Azizkhani et al. 2005) and is present in northwest to western Provinces (Table 1). It is widely distributed from Japan to Europe as a parasitoid of Cynipidae on Castanea and Quercus (Noyes 2011). In Iran it is found in the parasitoid community in galls of several species of Cynipidae (listed above) and has been reared from galls of unnamed species of Dryocosmus Giraud on two species of oak, Q. brantii and Q. infectoria.
As for O. nitidulus, it displays morphological variation and molecular clades, and further study might show that O. pomaceus is an aggregate of cryptic species.
description: Published as part of Lotfalizadeh, Hosseinali, Askew, Richard R., Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo & I, Majid Tavak O L, 2012, The species of Ormyrus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Ormyridae) in Iran with description of an unusual new species, pp. 34-44 in Zootaxa 3300 on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210786
Ampharete Malmgren 1865
Creators: name: Krüger, Lotte
name: Dietrich, Anna
name: Bastrop, Ralf
name: Bick, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Ampharete

description: Ampharete Malmgren, 1865
Type species: Amphicteis acutifrons Grube, 1860
Generic diagnosis (emended after Imajima et al. (2012), and Ebbe & Purschke (2020)). Prostomium with middle lobe delimited by incision, without glandular ridges. Four, or exceptionally three, pairs of cirriform, or exceptionally pinnate, branchiae. Buccal tentacles pinnate/papillose. 14–15 thoracic chaetigers; segments II+ III fused; notochaetae on segment II (=paleae) absent or present, then in varying size from enlarged to regular notochaetae size. 11 or 12 thoracic uncinigers. Notopodial cirri absent. Elevated or modified notopodia absent. Two intermediate segments, i.e., without notopodia but with neuropodial tori (similar to those in thoracic uncinigers). Papillae (glandular pads?) above neuropodia on intermediate and abdominal segments usually present. One pair of dorsal nephridial papillae on segment IV.
Remarks. Segments II + III are fused, but a separation of the segments can be observed ventrally. Paleae are clearly originating from segment II, followed by an achaetous segment III, which can be recognized by the presence of a vestigial notopodium on segment III (Fig. 4C). We included the paleae-bearing chaetiger (segment II) into the count of thoracic chaetigers (Reuscher et al. 2009). As paleae can be absent or present, the number of thoracic chaetigers varies from 14 to 15.
description: Published as part of Krüger, Lotte, Dietrich, Anna, Bastrop, Ralf & Bick, Andreas, 2022, From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae), pp. 357-380 in Zootaxa 5174 (4) on page 360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6986389
Rodentanema Smales, 2016, new genus
Creators: name: Smales, L. R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Secernentea
Rhabditida
Heligmonellidae
Rodentanema

description: Rodentanema new genus
Definition. Heligmonellidae, Nippostrongylinae. Synlophe well developed with 6 –7 continuous pointed longitudinal ridges mid body. Buccal capsule relatively well developed, without lips or teeth. Cephalic vesicle present. Bursa dissymmetrical, right lobe larger, dorsal lobe short; pattern of lateral rays 1-4; dorsal ray divided close to distal end. Spicules simple, filiform. Female monodelphic; small number eggs in utero; tail without terminal spike. Parasites of murine rodents indigenous to the island of New Guinea.
Type species Rodentanema aenigma
Etymology. The genus is named from the clade that includes the host species.
description: Published as part of Smales, L. R., 2016, The gastrointestinal helminths of Rattus niobe (Rodentia: Muridae) with descriptions of two new genera and three new species (Nematoda) from Papua New Guinea and Papua Indonesia, pp. 183-197 in Zootaxa 4117 (2) on page 191, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/264715
Saniwa Leidy 1870
Creators: name: Čerňanský, Andrej
name: Smith, Richard
name: Smith, Thierry
name: Folie, Annelise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Varanidae
Saniwa

description: Saniwa Leidy, 1870
Type species: Saniwa ensidens Leidy, 1870 by original designation.
description: Published as part of Čerňanský, Andrej, Smith, Richard, Smith, Thierry & Folie, Annelise, 2024, Timing of intercontinental faunal migrations: Anguimorph lizards from the earliest Eocene (MP 7) of Dormaal, Belgium, pp. 1-25 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 201 (4) on page 14, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae082, http://zenodo.org/record/13759664
Rhinoceros unicornis Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Peter Grubb
Publisher: name: Smithsonian Institution Press
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Perissodactyla
Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros
Rhinoceros unicornis

description: Rhinoceros unicornis Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:56.
TYPE LOCALITY: India, Assam Terai.
DISTRIBUTION: Within the present millenium, Indus Valley (Pakistan) east in N India to Assam and perhaps N Burma. Survives in India (Assam, West Bengal), Nepal and possibly N Burma.
STATUS: CITES - Appendix I; U.S. ESA and IUCN - Endangered.
SYNONYMS: asiaticus, indicus, jamrachii, stenocephalus.
COMMENTS: Reviewed by Laurie et al. (1983, Mammalian Species, 211).
description: Published as part of Peter Grubb, 1993, Order Perissodactyla, pp. 369-372 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 372, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353118
Ormyrus orientalis Walker 1871
Creators: name: Lotfalizadeh, Hosseinali
name: Askew, Richard R.
name: Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo
name: I, Majid Tavak O L
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ormyridae
Ormyrus
Ormyrus orientalis

description: 9. Ormyrus orientalis Walker, 1871
Material examined: Esfahan, Esfahan, ex Acanthiophilus helianthi on safflower Carthamus oxycantha M.B, summer.2008, (M.R. Sabzalian), 2Ψ. East-Azarbaijan, Marand, Koshksaray, 28.ix.2003, ex Tephritidae on Asteraceae, (H. Lotfalizadeh), 7Ψ & 1ɗ. East-Azarbaijan, Khosro-shahr, 1346m, N 37º 58' 28" & E 46º 02' 55", 15.vii.2008, Malaise trap, (H. Lotfalizadeh), 2Ψ & 2ɗ. Same locality, safflower experimental field, (H. Lotfalizadeh), 2Ψ & 6ɗ. Chahar-mahal-e-Bakhtiari, Gachsaran, summer.2009, (K. Saeedi), 1ɗ. Qazvin, Qazvin, swept from sugar beet, vi.2007, (R. Arbab-Tafti), 1Ψ. Qazvin, Alamut, summer 2009, pan trap, (B. Gharali), 1Ψ. Khorasan-Razavi, Akhlamd, Chenaran, 1292m, apple orchard, N 36º 38' 52" & E 58º 58' 7", 3.viii.2009, (A. Hasani), 5Ψ.
Ormyrus orientalis has been previously reported from Iran (OILB 1971; Bouček 1977) and is a common and widely distributed species in the country. A wide host range has been reported for this species but in Iran it is mostly a parasitoid in fruit fly (Tephritidae) galls. We have seen specimens reared from capitulae of Asteraceae attacked by the fruit fly Urophora Robineau-Desvoidy, specimens reared from Acanthiophilus helianthi (Rossi) on safflower Carthamus oxycantha, and a single female swept in a field of sugar beet in Qazvin. Ormyrus orientalis is also associated with Cynipidae and Eurytomidae, and Movahedi-Fazel et al. (1998) reported it attacking the agromyzid fly Phytomyza orobanchiae Kaltenbach. It was collected commonly in the northwest of Iran (East-Azarbaijan Province) by Malaise trap and sweeping net. It is a common species in the Afrotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic regions (Noyes 2011).
description: Published as part of Lotfalizadeh, Hosseinali, Askew, Richard R., Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo & I, Majid Tavak O L, 2012, The species of Ormyrus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Ormyridae) in Iran with description of an unusual new species, pp. 34-44 in Zootaxa 3300 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210786
Macgrathphora Brown 2022
Creators: name: Brown, Brian V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Phoridae
Macgrathphora

description: Key to species
1. Origin of vein M 1 distal to origin of R 2+3; (Figs. 7–8); R-fork long.......................... M. longifurca new species
- Origin of M 1 close to origin of R 2+3 (Figs. 5, 6, 9); R-fork short................................................. 2
2. Costal sector 1 (distance along costa from humeral crossvein to R 1) only slightly longer than 2 (distance along costa from R 1 to R 2+3) (Figs. 5–6); Rs expanded distally, much thicker than costa.............................. M. caribbea new species
- Costal sector 1 approximately 2x sector 2 (Fig. 9); Rs only slightly expanded, not increased in size distally (Fig. 9)......................................................................................... M. pacifica new species
description: Published as part of Brown, Brian V., 2022, Two new genera of phorid flies, Macgrathphora and Aurisetiphora, from Costa Rica (Diptera: Phoridae), with recommendations for naming new genera in the family, pp. 571-581 in Zootaxa 5115 (4) on page 578, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6361679
Cylix Short & Trnski 2021, new genus
Creators: name: Short, Graham A.
name: Trnski, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Syngnathiformes
Syngnathidae
Cylix

description: Cylix, new genus
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B9144B5E-2220-4C29-ABEA-D7CCD4288258
Type species.— Cylix tupareomanaia, new species.
Diagnosis.— A genus of the Syngnathidae that shares numerous morphological synapomorphies with Acentronura and Idiotropiscis, including head angled ventrally approximately 25° from the principal body axis, enclosed brood pouch, brood pouch plates, prehensile tail, and absence of caudal fin. However, Cylix tupareomanaia, new species, differs from all other genera by unique anatomical features of the head, including: a distinct, cup-like crest present anterodorsally on the supraoccipital; and large and conspicuous medioventral conical spines on the cleithral symphysis and the first trunk ring between the pectoral-fin bases. It differs further in having the following combination of morphological characters: prominent supraoccipital; continuous cleithrum; prominent supracleithrum; anterior nuchal plate absent; posterior nuchal plate present with bony dorsomedial crest; large gap present between the supraoccipital and posterior nuchal plate; one to three dorsal spines at midline of snout, posteriormost of these spines large; one large double and rugose lateral head spine present below the cup-like supraoccipital crest; three small blunt lateral head spines on operculum; rim of orbit elevated dorsolaterally and strongly ventrally; two spines on cleithral ring; large rugose spine anterior to ventral third of pectoral-fin base; moderate-sized spine at ventral extent of head; small spine present posterolateral to the pelvic-fin base; four subdorsal spines, forming a square, the dorsal two enlarged.
Etymology.— The generic name Cylix is derived from the Greek kylix, meaning cup or chalice, in reference to the cuplike crest present on the head. Gender masculine.
description: Published as part of Short, Graham A. & Trnski, Thomas, 2021, A New Genus and Species of Pygmy Pipehorse from Taitokerau Northland, Aotearoa New Zealand, with a Redescription of Acentronura Kaup, 1853 and Idiotropiscis Whitley, 1947 (Teleostei, Syngnathidae), pp. 806-835 in Ichthyology & Herpetology 109 (3) on page 808, DOI: 10.1643/i2020136, http://zenodo.org/record/5827826
Ampharete acutifrons
Creators: name: Krüger, Lotte
name: Dietrich, Anna
name: Bastrop, Ralf
name: Bick, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Ampharete
Ampharete acutifrons

description: Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860)
(Figs 2, 3)
Non. A. acutifrons Hessle 1917
Non. A. acutifrons Annenkova 1929
Non. A. acutifrons Hartmann-Schröder 1971, 1996
Non. A. acutifrons Day 1973
Non. A. acutifrons Bick and Gosselck 1985
Non. A. acutifrons Holthe 1986
Non. A. acutifrons Jirkov 2001
Non. A. acutifrons Parapar et al. 2012
description: Published as part of Krüger, Lotte, Dietrich, Anna, Bastrop, Ralf & Bick, Andreas, 2022, From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae), pp. 357-380 in Zootaxa 5174 (4) on page 361, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6986389
Aurisetiphora Brown 2022, new genus
Creators: name: Brown, Brian V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Phoridae
Aurisetiphora

description: Aurisetiphora new genus
Type species. Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae new species.
Diagnosis. Metopininae. Body matte brown. Frontal macrosetae golden brown instead of black. Lacking dense black setulae on scutum; instead scutum with scattered golden-brown setae. Hind tibia without setal palisades or rows of setae.
This genus is differentiated from most other metopinines by the lack of dense setulae on the scutellum (as discussed in Brown 2007; Brown et al. 2015). An exception that also lacks dense dorsal scutal setae is Platydipteron balli Brown; however, that species has a shiny black body and is strongly limuloid in body structure.
Etymology. From Latin for “gold-bristled phorid”, referring to the color of the main setae on the body.
Natural history. Unfortunately, we know nothing about these flies, other than their propensity to fly into Malaise traps.
description: Published as part of Brown, Brian V., 2022, Two new genera of phorid flies, Macgrathphora and Aurisetiphora, from Costa Rica (Diptera: Phoridae), with recommendations for naming new genera in the family, pp. 571-581 in Zootaxa 5115 (4) on page 578, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6361679
Acentronura Kaup 1853
Creators: name: Short, Graham A.
name: Trnski, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Syngnathiformes
Syngnathidae
Acentronura

description: Acentronura Kaup, 1853
Diagnosis.— A genus of the Syngnathidae that shares numerous morphological synapomorphies with Cylix and Idiotropiscis, including head angled ventrally approximately 25° from the principal body axis, enclosed brood pouch, brood pouch plates, prehensile tail, and absence of caudal fin. However, Acentronura differs from its co-familials by the following combination of characters: supraoccipital low, not elevated, with distinct dorsomedial crest, followed by an elevated bony dimple; bilateral bony lobed protuberances on the posterolateral margins of the post-temporal bones; anterior nuchal plate absent; posterior nuchal plate present anterior to cleithrum with dorsomedial crest-like ridge along its dorsum, large gap present between the supraoccipital and posterior nuchal plate; small blunt spine midway between orbit and lobed protuberance on operculum; cleithral ring distinct, discontinuous mid-dorsally; single gill slit between supraoccipital and cleithral ridge; rim of orbit projecting dorsolaterally and slightly ventrolaterally; spines absent on principal trunk and tail ridges.
Type species.— Hippocampus gracilissimus Temminck and Schlegel, 1850.
description: Published as part of Short, Graham A. & Trnski, Thomas, 2021, A New Genus and Species of Pygmy Pipehorse from Taitokerau Northland, Aotearoa New Zealand, with a Redescription of Acentronura Kaup, 1853 and Idiotropiscis Whitley, 1947 (Teleostei, Syngnathidae), pp. 806-835 in Ichthyology & Herpetology 109 (3) on pages 816-818, DOI: 10.1643/i2020136, http://zenodo.org/record/5827826
Nippostrongylinae
Creators: name: Smales, L. R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Secernentea
Rhabditida
Heligmonellidae

description: Nippostrongylinae species 1
(Figs 35–39)
Four males, 3 females from a single individual of R. niobe collected from Dokfuma Star Mountains, 5° 1´S 141° 7´E West Sepik, Sanduan Province; 5. iv. 1987, coll. T. Flannery AM W.48495; 1 host from hill south of Tifalmin; 15. iv. 1987, coll. T. Flannery AM W.48493; 1 host from Ofekaman, 5° 5´S 141° 35´E Telefomin area, West Sepik Sanduan Province; 13. ii. 1984, coll. T. Flannery AM W.48494.
Very small fragile worms loosely coiled. Male: 1.15–1.60 (1.31) long, 36.0–39.5 (38.1) wide. Cephalic vesicle 20.4–36.3 (29.8), oesophagus 220–260 (242), excretory pore, deirids and nerve ring not seen. Bursa dissymmetrical, right lobe larger, dorsal lobe shorter than lateral lobes, lateral rays 4, 5, 6 with common trunk; dorsal trunk symmetrical, divided at about half its length, rays 8 arising at about same level close to bifurcation of trunk; division of rays 9, 10 not observed. Gubernaculum 17 long, spicules equal, filiform, 120.0–180.0 (152.5). Female: 1.40–1.60 (1.47) mm long, 36.3–39.6 (37.8) wide. Cephalic vesicle 30.6 (3 measurements) long; oesophagus 210.0–247.5 (235.0); nerve ring and deirids not seen, excretory pore 149.6 from anterior end. Posterior end reflected ventrally, without praepuce, vulva 110.0–120.0 (113.3) from tail tip; ovejector with vagina about 20, vestibule 35, sphincter 25, infundibulum 30 long; tail blunt, conical 30.6–33.0 (32.0) long. Uterus with 3–4 thin shelled, ellipsoidal, eggs 51.0–68.0 (58.9) long, 20.4–25.5 (22.7) (measured in utero).
The nature of the material and the small number of specimens precluded either a full characterization of the bursa or the description of the synlophe. Such characters as could be observed did not correspond with the description of any known species occurring in the Sahul region
description: Published as part of Smales, L. R., 2016, The gastrointestinal helminths of Rattus niobe (Rodentia: Muridae) with descriptions of two new genera and three new species (Nematoda) from Papua New Guinea and Papua Indonesia, pp. 183-197 in Zootaxa 4117 (2) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/264715
species 2
Creators: name: Smales, L. R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Nippostrongylinae species 2
(Figs 40–43)
One male, 2 anterior ends male, 5 females from 2 individuals of R. niobe, collected from Gouyou Ravine, 9° 90´S 149° 38´E, and Dumae Creek, 9° 90´S 149° 33´E Aguan area, Milne Bay Province, 6. iii. 1985, coll. A. Engelis Jnr, BBM NG 109274C, 109277B.
Very small fragile worms loosely coiled. Synlophe at mid body of male 9 ridges; ridges 4, 5 largest dorsally, ridge 1´largest ventrally. Male: 1.3 mm long, 20, 35 wide. Cephalic vesicle 35 long, oesophagus 290 long; nerve ring and deirids not seen, excretory pore 149 from anterior end. Bursa dissymmetrical, right lobe larger; spicules 83 long. Female: 1.4–1.6 (1.5) mm long, 29.0–30.0 (29.5) wide, cephalic vesicle 25.0–33.0 (30.3) long; oesophagus 257-310 (279) long, excretory pore 150 from anterior end. Posterior end reflected ventrally, without praepuce, vulva 73.0–110.0 (91.5) from tail tip; ovejector with vagina about 20, vestibule 30, sphincter 20, infundibulum 30 long; tail conical with pointed tip 25–32 long; uterus with 2–3 smooth shelled ellipsoidal eggs 62.5–76.5 (70.1) long, 23.8–25.0 (24.2) wide (measured in utero).
These worms were poorly preserved and too fragile to allow the unrolling of the bursa or preparation of sufficient hand cut sections needed to complete a full description. They differed from Nippstrongylinae species 1 in having shorter spicules (83 compared with 152 long), the vulva opening further towards the posterior (91.5 compared with 113.3 from tail tip) and smaller eggs (58.9 long 22.7 wide compared with 70.1 by 24.2). Moreover this combination of metrics and morphology has not been reported for any other species.
description: Published as part of Smales, L. R., 2016, The gastrointestinal helminths of Rattus niobe (Rodentia: Muridae) with descriptions of two new genera and three new species (Nematoda) from Papua New Guinea and Papua Indonesia, pp. 183-197 in Zootaxa 4117 (2) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4117.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/264715
Leinendera Carrera 1945
Creators: name: Camargo, Alexssandro
name: Vieira, Rodrigo
name: Rafael, José Albertino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Asilidae
Leinendera

description: Leinendera Carrera, 1945
Leinendera Carrera, 1945: 184. Type-species, Leinendera rubra (orig. des.).
description: Published as part of Camargo, Alexssandro, Vieira, Rodrigo & Rafael, José Albertino, 2019, Revision of Leinendera Carrera, 1945 (Diptera: Asilidae: Asilinae) with description of two new species, pp. 291-316 in Zootaxa 4657 (2) on page 293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/3769560
Ormyrus wachtli Mayr 1904
Creators: name: Lotfalizadeh, Hosseinali
name: Askew, Richard R.
name: Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo
name: I, Majid Tavak O L
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ormyridae
Ormyrus
Ormyrus wachtli

description: 11. Ormyrus wachtli Mayr, 1904
Material examined: East-Azarbaijan, Maragheh, N 37˚ 20'12" E 46˚ 9' 60", 1643m, 15.i.2011, 4Ψ & 1ɗ. This species is a parasitoid of gall-inducing Cynipidae and Cecidomyiidae (Zerova and Seryogina 2006). The above record is the first for Iran, based upon specimens swept in the northwest of the country.
description: Published as part of Lotfalizadeh, Hosseinali, Askew, Richard R., Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo & I, Majid Tavak O L, 2012, The species of Ormyrus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Ormyridae) in Iran with description of an unusual new species, pp. 34-44 in Zootaxa 3300 on page 43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210786
Begonia (sect. Petermannia) willemii Ardi, Girm. & D. C. Thomas
Creators: name: Ardi, W. H.
name: Thomas, D. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia willemii

description: 20. Begonia willemii Ardi, Girm. & D.C.Thomas [§ Petermannia], Taiwania 66(3): 374 (2021).
– Type: Indonesia, Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, Luwuk Banggai District, Hanga-hanga waterfall, 4 vi 2016, D. Girmansyah 2470 (holotype BO; isotypes CEB, E).
Distribution. Indonesia: endemic to Sulawesi, Gorontalo and Central Sulawesi Provinces (see Figure 2).
Habitat. Lowland forest on limestone karst, on limestone rock walls or terrestrially at the base of limestone cliffs, in partial to dense shade, at 10–50 m elevation.
Proposed IUCN conservation category. Near Threatened (NT) (Ardi et al., 2021).
Additional specimens examined. INDONESIA. Sulawesi. Northern arm of Sulawesi. Western North Sulawesi: Toli-toli regency, 16 i 2019, Zulfadli ZF 42 (BO, SING). Central North Sulawesi: Gorontalo, Gunung Boliohutu, 22 iv 2002, M. Mendum et al. 155 (BO, E); 14 iii 2008, K. Amstrong 364 (E).
Central Sulawesi Province: Buol, 15 viii 1894, Sarasin 683 (K); 15 viii 1894, Sarasin 689 (B); Luwuk Banggai regency: Hanga-hanga Waterfall, 8 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi et al. WI413 (BO, KRB, SING); Batu tikar waterfall, 9 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi et al. WI415 (BO, KRB, SING); 9 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi et al. WI416 (BO, KRB, SING); Salodik, 11 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi et al. WI422 (BO, SING); Bunta, 14 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi et al. WI428 (BO, KRB, SING).
description: Published as part of Ardi, W. H. & Thomas, D. C., 2022, SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES, pp. 1-50 in Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (405) on page 46, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2022.405, http://zenodo.org/record/10524193
Ambrysinae Stal 1862
Creators: name: Sites, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Naucoridae

description: SUBFAMILY AMBRYSINAE USINGER, 1941
FIGS 3C, 10A, 11A
Type species: Ambrysus signoreti Stål, 1862.
Taxonomic history: This subfamily was established by Usinger in 1941, but was downgraded to tribe level and placed in Naucorinae (Popov, 1970), then transferred to Cryphocricinae (Štys & Jansson, 1988) and ultimately elevated and restored to subfamily rank (Reynoso-Velasco & Sites, 2021). Significant recent changes in the generic composition of the subfamily include the transfer of Pelocoris in from Naucorinae, and the erection of the genera Australambrysus Reynoso & Sites, 2021 and Maculambrysus (Reynoso-Velasco & Sites, 2021). The subfamily currently includes Ambrysus Stål, 1862, Australambrysus, Carvalhoiella D e C a r l o, 1 9 6 3, C a t a r a c t o c o r i s U s i n g e r, 1 9 4 1, H y g r o p e t r o c o r i s S i t e s, 2 0 1 5, M a c u l a m b r y s u s Reynoso & Sites, 2021, Melloiella De Carlo, 1 9 3 5, Pe l o c o r i s, P i c r o p s L a R i v e r s, 1 9 5 2 a n d Procryphocricos J. Polhemus, 1991. Species of all of these genera, except Pelocoris, were included along with Cryphocricos in the subfamily Cryphocricinae prior to the revision by Reynoso-Velasco & Sites (2021).
Revised taxonomy: The subfamily was recently revised by Reynoso-Velasco & Sites (2021). No further taxonomic action is proposed here.
Diagnosis: Diagnostic features were provided by Reynoso-Velasco & Sites (2021) as follows: (1) labium inserted near the anterior margin of the head; (2) labrum well developed; (3) maxillary plates only slightly produced anteriorly; (4) anterior margin of the pronotum generally with a concavity of different depths, but straight in Pelocoris; (5) pronotum with lateral margins smooth or finely crenate; (6) prosternellum concealed by the mesally directed propleural projections, but prosternellum exposed in Pelocoris and Procryphocricos; (7) forewing macropterous, but brachyptery also present in Procryphocricos; (8) no sternal abdominal sense organs (hydrostats), except in Procryphocricos; (9) compressible air-bubble respiration, but a plastron could be used by brachypterous Procryphocricos; (10) pubescent abdomen (scattered long setae in Procryphocricos); and (11) males with vesica not modified into a long tubular structure.
C o m m e n t s: A l l s p e c i e s i n t h i s s u b f a m i l y a r e distributed exclusively in the New World.
description: Published as part of Sites, Robert W., 2022, Phylogeny and revised classification of the saucer bugs (Hemiptera: Nepomorpha: Naucoridae), pp. 1245-1286 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 on pages 1258-1259, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab105, http://zenodo.org/record/6994599
Ampharete baltica Eliason 1955
Creators: name: Krüger, Lotte
name: Dietrich, Anna
name: Bastrop, Ralf
name: Bick, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Ampharete
Ampharete baltica

description: Ampharete baltica Eliason, 1955
(Fig. 10)
Ampharete grubei baltica Eliason, 1955: 6–7.
Material examined. Type material: Baltic Sea, Kalmar, 55°50‘N, 16°05‘E, 19.8 1954, GNM Polych. 11192 (holotype); 55°50‘N, 16°05‘E, 19.8 1954, GNM Polych. 11103 (4 paratypes).
Diagnosis. Small species of up to 8 mm in length and 0.9 mm in width (Fig. 10A). Twelve thoracic, two intermediate, and ten abdominal uncinigers with minute neuropodial cirri (Fig. 10E). Prostomium triangular with three lobes, with eyespots. Branchiae arranged in two groups separated by a very small median gap of less than one branchial base width; three pairs in anterior transverse row (the middle one sometimes shifted anteriorly) and last pair in posterior position, directly below middle branchia of anterior row. Paleae long, slender with filiform tips, 6–10 each side (Fig. 10B). Pygidium with lateral cirri and a number of cirriform papillae (Fig. 11C).
Remarks. Type material of 7–8 mm in length, some specimens with eggs (Fig. 10D). The specimens found in the Baltic Sea had a maximum length of 11 mm (SBRO), but Holthe (1986) and Hartmann-Schröder (1996) reported a maximum length of 18 mm. Minute, rounded dorsal cirri have only been observed on abdominal neuropodia. Diagnostic characters on the pygidium are often difficult to verify on fixed material because the pygidium is often retracted into the abdomen. In addition, the pygidium seems to be very variable. There are one or two rings of cirri that vary in length. Methylene blue is very helpful in identifying the length of the cirri; the pair of lateral cirri being much more intensely coloured than the remaining cirri or papillae. The lateral cirri have the shape of lobes in smaller specimens (7 mm long) and are clearly distant from the ring of pygidial cirri. The papillae of the outer ring are as long as the lateral cirri or slightly shorter, the inner ring has a number of long cirri. As the pygidium of A. baltica is very variable, we have excluded this character from the identification key.
Distribution and ecology. Baltic Sea. This species was found on silt and sandy bottoms in 5–50 m depths, 7–29 psu. The species densities reached from 10–1,000 and more individuals/m 2.
description: Published as part of Krüger, Lotte, Dietrich, Anna, Bastrop, Ralf & Bick, Andreas, 2022, From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae), pp. 357-380 in Zootaxa 5174 (4) on page 373, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6986389
The role of China in the political transition of the EU's eastern neighbourhood
Creators: name: Bader, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: China
Eastern neighbourhood
Georgia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Ukraine
Moldova
Belt and Road Initiative
Diffusion of surveillance technology
Corruption
Economic linkage
EU foreign policy

description: In comparison to Russia, which has been trying to retain pre-eminence over the post-Soviet space and to prevent the EU’s eastern neighbours from moving closer to the EU, China is a relatively new player in the region. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, China was primarily interested in military technology from Ukraine. Only with the inception of the Belt and Road Initiative in 2013 did China discover the Eastern European and South Caucasus countries for their geographic location along the BRI that connects China with Western Europe.

 

This paper explores the role of China in the EU’s eastern neighbourhood countries since the end of the Cold War and analyses how China has affected the political structures of these states. All EU eastern neighbourhood countries have actively sought China’s political and economic engagement as a counterbalance to Russian influence and to mitigate EU conditionality or the feeling that integration into the EU would be out of reach. China, with its agenda of undermining democratic norms at the international level, which it is articulating increasingly assertively, creates a challenge to the EU’s normative agenda of democracy promotion in the EU eastern neighbourhood.

 

However, China’s direct impact on the countries’ political structures is still limited and indirect. Politically, China has not been a reliable partner as far as the EU’s eastern neighbourhood countries’ territorial conflicts with Russia are concerned. Rather than pursuing a regime change agenda in these countries, China pursues narrow economic objectives, and even its economic presence is comparatively limited. Trade with China has increased, but except for Ukraine, this led to large trade imbalances for them. There is some evidence of mismanagement, elite capture and corruption in Chinese investment projects. At the same time, infrastructure construction with Chinese companies have often been financed by (international) lenders other than China. China is facilitating the normalisation and diffusion of digital dual-use surveillance technologies, even to contexts where the protection of individual rights is weak. Finally, China has increased its outreach to citizens through media and educational institutions in the EU’s eastern neighbourhood countries with a China-friendly narrative that is critical of the West.
Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) improvisa Alexander
Creators: name: Mao, Meng
name: Yang, Ding
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Limoniidae
Metalimnobia
Metalimnobia improvisa

description: Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) improvisa Alexander
Limonia improvisa Alexander, 1933: 535. Type locality: China: Sichuan-Tibet border.
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Sichuan-Tibet border).
description: Published as part of Mao, Meng & Yang, Ding, 2010, Species of the genus Metalimnobia Matsumura from China (Diptera, Limoniidae), pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 2344 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193362
Begonia cucullata Willd.
Creators: name: Ardi, W. H.
name: Thomas, D. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia cucullata

description: 21. Begonia cucullata Willd. [§ Ephemera], Sp. Pl. 4: 414 (1805).
– Type: Habitat in Brasilia, s. coll., s.n. (type B-W 17567).
Additional literature. Kiew (2005) [description, line drawing and photographic plate]; Martin et al. (2017) [synonymy].
Distribution. Native to South America (Bolivia, Brazil and North Argentina); naturalised in many areas of Asia, including Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia (Bali, Java, Sulawesi, Sumatra), Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan; Africa (South Africa, Mauritius); and Central and North America (Mexico, USA). In Sulawesi, recorded from the North and Central Provinces.
Habitat. This species is often found naturalised in strongly disturbed vegetation, including forest borders, home gardens, plantations, and other open areas.
Proposed IUCN conservation category. Least Concern (LC). Begonia cucullata is an introduced species from the Neotropics. The species has been naturalised in many regions of Indonesia.
Additional specimens examined. INDONESIA. Sulawesi. Northern arm of Sulawesi. Eastern North Sulawesi: Minahasa, Kongkoan, 4 ii 2019, W.H. Ardi WI404 (BO).
Central Sulawesi Province: Poso, Napu Valley, 4 viii 2018, W.H. Ardi WI294 (BO).
description: Published as part of Ardi, W. H. & Thomas, D. C., 2022, SYNOPSIS OF BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM THE NORTHERN ARM OF SULAWESI AND SANGIHE ISLAND, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES, pp. 1-50 in Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (405) on page 47, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2022.405, http://zenodo.org/record/10524193
Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae Brown 2022, new species
Creators: name: Brown, Brian V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Phoridae
Aurisetiphora
Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae

description: Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae new species
(Figs. 4, 10, 14–17)
Holotype. ♂. COSTA RICA: San José: Ciudad Colón, 9.92°N, 84.25°W, 800m, xii.1989, P. Hanson, Malaise trap [LACM ENT 047296] (MUCR).
Paratypes. One ♂ with the same data as the holotype, one ♂, ii.1990 (LACM).
Description. Male (female unknown). Metopininae. Frons broad, dark-colored, matte, with fine sculpturing. Median furrow present. Frontal setae small, thin, light-colored, barely distinguished from sparse scattered frontal setulae; homology of major frontal setae uncertain, presence of supra-antennal setae unclear. Vertex with both ocellar and postocellar setal pairs. Flagellomere 1 enlarged, oval, arista subapical. Palpus cylindrical, brown, with small setae.
Scutum dark-colored, with fine, scattered golden setulae only, without usual dense, black setulae. Notopleuron with 2 setae. Scutellum large, with 4 subequal, curved setae. Parapsidal suture strongly flared, reaching small, round anterior spiracle.Anepisternum, bare, divided, with dorsoventral furrow reaching parapsidal suture. Pleural sclerites with microtrichia except on venter of anepisternum.
Wing well-developed. Costa short, 0.36 wing length. Costal setulae long, scattered. Vein R 2+3 absent; radial veins curved smoothly towards anterior margin. Halter large, brown.
Legs thick, light brown, without enlarged setae or setal palisades. Tarsomeres short.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, ventral membrane gray.
Male terminalia with epandrium rounded, broad, with large posteromedial process extending from right side to left side. Phallus consolidated, largely consisting of basal ring and funnel-shaped structure. Cercus broad, curved, apically narrowed. Hypoproct elongate.
Etymology. Named for a family friend, Maggie Snow.
Distribution. Known only from a single site in Costa Rica near Ciudad Colón. This is a topographically complex area, and the site where many interesting phorids have been captured. On several occasions we tried to re-collect this fauna at the nearby Universidad de la Paz, but apparently the habitat is different there. According to Paul Hanson (personal communication), the site is closer to the town of Ciudad Colon, located 100 meters straight west of “Centro de Restauración Cristiano Dios es Amor”.
description: Published as part of Brown, Brian V., 2022, Two new genera of phorid flies, Macgrathphora and Aurisetiphora, from Costa Rica (Diptera: Phoridae), with recommendations for naming new genera in the family, pp. 571-581 in Zootaxa 5115 (4) on pages 578-579, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6361679
Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) xanthopteroides subsp. xanthopteroides Riedel
Creators: name: Mao, Meng
name: Yang, Ding
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Limoniidae
Metalimnobia
Metalimnobia xanthopteroides
Metalimnobia (metalimnobia) xanthopteroides xanthopteroides riedel

description: Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) xanthopteroides xanthopteroides Riedel
Limnobia xanthopteroides Riedel, 1917: 110. Type locality: China: Taiwan.
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Zhejiang, Taiwan).
description: Published as part of Mao, Meng & Yang, Ding, 2010, Species of the genus Metalimnobia Matsumura from China (Diptera, Limoniidae), pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 2344 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.193362
Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch 1839
Creators: name: Li, Zhaoyi
name: Zhang, Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Cheiracanthiidae
Cheiracanthium

description: Genus Cheiracanthium C.L. Koch, 1839
Cheiracanthium C.L. Koch, 1839: 9.
Cheiracanthium – Ramírez et al. 1997: 45. — Ono 2009: 465. — Ono & Ogata 2018: 611. — Esyunin & Zamani 2020: 1296.
Type species
Aranea punctoria Villers, 1789, by subsequent designation.
Diagnosis
See Deeleman-Reinhold (2001) and Zhang et al. (2022).
description: Published as part of Li, Zhaoyi & Zhang, Feng, 2023, Five new species of the long-legged sac spider genus Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839 (Araneae: Cheiracanthiidae) from China, pp. 81-105 in European Journal of Taxonomy 900 on page 84, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.900.2303, http://zenodo.org/record/10064594
Neogreenia MacGillivray
Creators: name: Zheng, Xinyi
name: Watson, Gillian W.
name: Zhang, Jiangtao
name: Tan, Zhixiang
name: Wu, San'An
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Margarodidae
Neogreenia

description: Key to all developmental stages of Neogreenia MacGillivray
1(0) Wings or wing buds present............................................................................. 2
- Wings or wing buds absent.............................................................................. 3
2(1) Wings fully developed; claws present; antenna with numerous long and hair-like setae on all segments.......... adult male
- Wings in bud state; claws absent; proximal 2 segments of antenna with a few short and hair-like setae, more distal segments all without setae.................................................................................. male pupa
3(1) Legs present; antenna long and segmented................................................................. 4
- Legs absent; antenna much reduced, plate-like.............................................................. 6
4(3) Antenna 7 segmented; abdominal spiracles numbering only 1 pair.................................. first-instar nymph
- Antenna 9 or 10 segmented; abdominal spiracles numbering 8 pairs............................................. 5
5(4) Antenna 10 segmented; anterior 6 pairs of abdominal spiracles each having pores in atrium; vulva and mouthparts present............................................................................................. adult female
- Antenna 9 segmented; anterior 5 pairs of abdominal spiracles each lacking pores in atrium; vulva and mouthparts absent............................................................................ third-instar male nymph (pre-pupa)
6(3) Anterior 5 pairs of abdominal spiracles each with pores in atrium............................... second-instar nymph
- Anterior 6 pairs of abdominal spiracles each with pores in atrium........................... third-instar female nymph
description: Published as part of Zheng, Xinyi, Watson, Gillian W., Zhang, Jiangtao, Tan, Zhixiang & Wu, San'An, 2024, A review of the genus Neogreenia MacGillivray (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Qinococcidae) with descriptions of two new species, pp. 401-441 in Zootaxa 5418 (5) on pages 438-439, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5418.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10779739