cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Development of a Paediatric Phoneme Discrimination Test for Arabic Phonemic Contrasts
Creators: name: Rayes, Hanin
name: Al-Malky, Ghada
name: Vickers, Deborah
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: auditory perception
speech test
paediatric
phoneme discrimination

description: Objective: The aim of this project was to develop the Arabic CAPT (A-CAPT), a Standard Arabic version of the CHEAR auditory perception test (CAPT) that assesses consonant perception ability in children. Method: This closed-set test was evaluated with normal-hearing children aged 5 to 11 years. Development and validation of the speech materials were accomplished in two experimental phases. Twenty-six children participated in phase I, where the test materials were piloted to ensure that the selected words were age appropriate and that the form of Arabic used was familiar to the children. Sixteen children participated in phase II where test–retest reliability, age effects, and critical differences were measured. A computerized implementation was used to present stimuli and collect responses. Children selected one of four response options displayed on a screen for each trial. Results: Two lists of 32 words were developed with two levels of difficulty, easy and hard. Assessment of test–retest reliability for the final version of the lists showed a strong agreement. A within-subject ANOVA showed no significant difference between test and retest sessions. Performance improved with increasing age. Critical difference values were similar to the British English version of the CAPT. Conclusions: The A-CAPT is an appropriate speech perception test for assessing Arabic-speaking children as young as 5 years old. This test can reliably assess consonant perception ability and monitor changes over time or after an intervention.
Various features of quasiequilibrium sequences of binary neutron stars in general relativity
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Keisuke
name: Gourgoulhon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiequilibrium sequences of binary neutron stars are numerically calculated in the framework of the Isenberg-Wilson-Mathews (IWM) approximation of general relativity. The results are presented for both rotation states of synchronized spins and irrotational motion, the latter being considered as the realistic one for binary neutron stars just prior to the merger. We assume a polytropic equation of state and compute several evolutionary sequences of binary systems composed of different-mass stars as well as identical-mass stars with adiabatic indices gamma=2.5, 2.25, 2, and 1.8. From our results, we propose as a conjecture that if the turning point of binding energy (and total angular momentum) locating the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) is found in Newtonian gravity for some value of the adiabatic index gamma_0, that of the ADM mass (and total angular momentum) should exist in the IWM approximation of general relativity for the same value of the adiabatic index.
description: Text improved, some figures changed or deleted, new table, 38 pages, 31 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Transition from Dirac points to exceptional points in anisotropic waveguides
Creators: name: Gomis-Bresco, Jordi
name: Artigas, David
name: Torner, Lluis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We uncover the existence of Dirac and exceptional points in waveguides made of anisotropic materials, and study the transition between them. Dirac points in the dispersion diagram appear at propagation directions where the matrix describing the eigenvalue problem for bound states splits into two blocks, sorting the eigenmodes either by polarization or by inner mode symmetry. Introducing a non-Hermitian channel via a suitable leakage mechanism causes the Dirac points to transform into exceptional points connected by a Fermi arc. The exceptional points arise as improper hybrid leaky states and, importantly, are found to occur always out of the anisotropy symmetry planes.
description: 7 Figures
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Different Image Compression Methods
Creators: name: Gunja Mandogade, Gaurav Morghare
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Image compression presents compelling solutions across various domains, including image analysis, biomedical image processing, and wireless systems, emerging as a pivotal application in today's digital landscape. Its significance is particularly pronounced in the efficient transmission and storage of large data images in diverse applications such as big data and medical fields. Amidst these applications, Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has garnered increasing attention due to its exclusive soft tissue contrast and diagnostic capabilities using magnetic and radio waves, avoiding X-ray radiations and producing detailed 3D anatomical images. This survey delves into the realm of image compression, specifically focusing on dynamic MRI images. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of different image compression schemes, aiming to design an efficient compression system tailored for dynamic MRI images. The paper explores various compression schemes, ranging from standalone implementations to hybrids incorporating two or more algorithms. Additionally, the author presents a comparative analysis of these surveyed compression schemes, paving the way for future research endeavors in the domain of image compression for dynamic MRI images.
The school policy, social, and physical environment and change in adolescent physical activity: An exploratory analysis using the LASSO
Creators: name: Foubister, Campbell
name: Van Sluijs, Esther M. F.
name: Vignoles, Anna
name: Wilkinson, Paul
name: Wilson, Edward C. F.
name: Croxson, Caroline H. D.
name: Brown, Helen Elizabeth
name: Corder, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: People and places
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology

description: Purpose: We examined the association between the school policy, social and physical environment and change in adolescent physical activity (PA) and explored how sex and socioeconomic status modified potential associations. Methods: Data from the GoActive study were used for these analyses. Participants were adolescents (n = 1765, mean age±SD 13.2±0.4y) from the East of England, UK. Change in longitudinal accelerometer assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was the outcome. School policy, social and physical environment features (n = 267) were exposures. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator variable selection method (LASSO) was used to determine exposures most relevant to the outcome. Exposures selected by the LASSO were added to a multiple linear regression model with estimates of change in min/day of MVPA per 1-unit change in each exposure reported. Post-hoc analyses, exploring associations between change in variables selected by the LASSO and change in MVPA, were undertaken to further explain findings. Findings: No school policy or physical environment features were selected by the LASSO as predictors of change in MVPA. The LASSO selected two school social environment variables (participants asking a friend to do physical activity; friend asking a participant to do physical activity) as potential predictors of change in MVPA but no significant associations were found in subsequent linear regression models for all participants (β [95%CI] -1.01 [-2.73;0.71] and 0.65 [-2.17;0.87] min/day respectively). In the post-hoc analyses, for every unit increase in change in participants asking a friend to do PA and change in a friend asking participants to do PA, an increase in MVPA of 2.78 (1.55;4.02) and 1.80 (0.48;3.11) min/day was predicted respectively. Conclusions: The school social environment is associated with PA during adolescence. Further exploration of how friendships during adolescence may be leveraged to support effective PA promotion in schools is warranted.
Infrared regularization with spin-3/2 fields
Creators: name: Bernard, Véronique
name: Hemmert, Thomas R.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Lorentz-invariant formulation of baryon chiral perturbation theory including spin-3/2 fields. Particular attention is paid to the projection on the spin-3/2 components of the delta fields. We also discuss the nucleon mass and the pion-nucleon sigma term.
description: 9 pp, 1 fig
title: A Distributed Video Coding Framework for Higher Resolution Sequences
Creators: name: Mahmood, Asif
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: Video coding is the core enabling technology for compressing sequences where inherently very large bandwidth requirements must be reduced to enable efficient transmission and storage. Traditional video codecs (encoder-decoder) generally incur large encoder resources and so are not suitable for resource-scarce devices. Distributed video coding (DVC) has become an attractive alternative for such devices because of its simple encoder structure, which is achieved by shifting the major processing load to the decoder. Despite the established theory, current DVC architectures do not exhibit the same rate-distortion (RD) performance as traditional codecs, a performance gap which is compounded when coding higher resolution sequences. Available DVC codec rate-control options are also inflexible and difficult to guarantee a quality-of- service (QoS) level, while the aggregated encoder-decoder latency at higher spatial resolutions can significantly hinder practical DVC implementations.

 This thesis presents a new DVC for Higher Resolution (DVC-HR) framework that addresses the aforementioned limitations arising in encoding higher spatial resolution sequences. It introduces a novel flexible content-aware quantisation (CAQ) mechanism which supports dynamic and robust rate-control to produce maximum output quality by lowering perceptible distortion as well as more efficiently utilising available bandwidth. Crucially, CAQ supports larger transform block sizes which are essential for effective higher resolution DVC. Finally, the latency issue is assuaged with the development of a new dynamic channel-coding algorithm to reduce decoding times thereby affording an important advance for practical DVC realisations.

 Rigorous analysis of the DVC-HR framework confirms that it consistently outperforms the community-accepted benchmark DVC codec (DISCOVER) in RD performance, rate-control flexibility, bandwidth utilisation and lower latency at higher spatial resolutions. These contributions represent a notable step towards narrowing the DVC performance gap by enabling more practical, state-of-the-art implementations to better rival traditional codecs.
Moving-Resting Process with Measurement Error in Animal Movement Modeling
Creators: name: Hu, Chaoran
name: Elbroch, Mark
name: Meyer, Thomas
name: Pozdnyakov, Vladimir
name: Yan, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62M05

description: Statistical modeling of animal movement is of critical importance. The continuous trajectory of an animal's movements is only observed at discrete, often irregularly spaced time points. Most existing models cannot handle the unequal sampling interval naturally and/or do not allow inactivity periods such as resting or sleeping. The recently proposed moving-resting (MR) model is a Brownian motion governed by a telegraph process, which allows periods of inactivity in one state of the telegraph process. The MR model shows promise in modeling the movements of predators with long inactive periods such as many felids, but the lack of accommodation of measurement errors seriously prohibits its application in practice. Here we incorporate measurement errors in the MR model and derive basic properties of the model. Inferences are based on a composite likelihood using the Markov property of the chain composed by every other observed increments. The performance of the method is validated in finite sample simulation studies. Application to the movement data of a mountain lion in Wyoming illustrates the utility of the method.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
title: Evaluating how precision in estimates of abundance
Creators: name: Subbeya, Sam
name: Aanesb, Sondre
name: Vølstad, Jon Helge
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The rules for setting quotas for North-East Arctic cod (NEAc) are based on how estimates of stock parameters relate to defined biological reference points obtained from the Extended Survivors Analysis (XSA) model, calibrated using bottom trawl survey data from the Barents Sea. In this paper we use simulations to investigate how the precision in estimates of relevant stock parameters for NEAc relates to different levels of sampling effort in the trawl survey. We also evaluate the importance of estimates of abundance-indices by age as compared to estimates of catch-at-age for assessments and management advice. It is generally assumed that catch-at-age is known exactly and that uncertainty in estimates of abundance is chiefly caused by errors in the survey indices. However, catch-at-age is estimated, and subject to sampling errors that depend on the design and sampling effort in fisheries-dependent surveys. This must be taken into account when evaluating the performance of fisheries-independent surveys. The yearly winter survey used for tuning is expensive, has large area coverage, and samples from 176-394 trawl stations. It is therefore important to establish the required survey effort to achieve adequate precision in estimates of stock parameters. We explore whether the effective sample size for estimating simple statistics, such as the proportion of ages 7+, or mean age, can serve as a proxy. We adopt a statistical catch-at-age model in AD Model Builder which also allows errors in catch at age when evaluating effects on sampling strategies in the trawl survey on assessment and management advice.
Influence of meso-phenyl substituents on the free base and Co(II)porphyrins through the looking glass: experimental and theoretical studies
Creators: name: Verma, Monika
name: Sharma, Devika
name: Chayawan
name: Bhushan, Abhishek
name: Dubey, Keshav
name: Kundan, Sujata
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The successful synthesis and characterization of Co(II)porphyrin complexes has been carried out, in which the electronic absorption spectra displayed in different solvents revealed the solvent-dependent absorption bands, offering insights into the electronic behavior of the Co(II)porphyrin complexes, whereas the photoluminescence shows the quenching that attributed to the paramagnetic properties of the Co(II)porphyrins inducing the intersystem crossing, thereby reducing fluorescence. The vibrational wave numbers that are influenced by the bonding between the Co(II) and macrocyclic ligand (porphyrin) serve as a crucial indicator for the interaction between these components. The 1HNMR spectra disclosed insights into β-pyrrolic and meso-aryl protons, showing deshielding associated with meso-phenyl substituents. The thermogravimetric analysis offers a comprehensive understanding of the synthesized Co(II)porphyrin complexes robustness under increasing temperatures. The different phases and structural evolutions Co(II)porphyrin complexes are extrapolated through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), providing the valuable information about their crystalline nature and structural transformations. The geometrical optimization of the different Co(II)porphyrins was carried out by employing PM6-D3H4X method implemented in MOPAC package revealed the key parameters such as the HOMOs-LUMOs energy levels gap, suggesting the planarity/non-planarity of the Co(II)porphyrins complexes that provide the crucial information about the molecular geometry and overall structure.
Quantum statistics and locality
Creators: name: Buchholz, Detlev
name: Summers, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that two observers have mutually commuting observables if they are able to prepare in each subsector of their common state space some state exhibiting no mutual correlations. This result establishes a heretofore missing link between statistical and locality (commensurability) properties of the observables of spacelike separated observers in relativistic quantum physics, envisaged four decades ago by Haag and Kastler. It is based on a discussion of coincidence experiments and suggests a physically meaningful quantitative measure of possible violations of Einstein causality.
description: 3 pages, no figures
Qunatifying Complexity in the Minority Game
Creators: name: Rajkovic, Milan
name: Mihailovic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Lempel-Ziv complexity measure is introduced into the theory of a Minority Game (MG) in order to capture some features that volatility, one of the central quantities in this model of interacting agents, is not able to. Extracted solely from the binary string of outcomes of the game complexity offers new and valuable information on collective behavior of players. Also, we show that an expression for volatility may be included in the analytical expression for complexity.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
One-pot synthesis, biological evaluation, DFT calculations and molecular docking study of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives and their bismuth(III) complexes
Creators: name: Gvozdev, Maxim Y.
name: Loginova, Natalia V.
name: Khodosovskaya, Alina M.
name: Osipovich, Nikolai P.
name: Staravoitava, Viktoryia A.
name: Koval’chuk-Rabchinskaya, Tat’yana V.
name: Turomsha, Iveta S.
name: Kotsikau, Dzmitry A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives bearing sterically hindered catecholic moiety and their Bi(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical methods. These bidentate ligands yielded Bi(III) complexes of the stoichiometry Bi(L)Cl2, being coordinated in monoanionic form through the O and N donor atoms. All the studied compounds have been screened in vitro against Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. saprophyticus), Gram-negative (P. putida, P. vulgaris) bacteria and yeasts (S. cerevisiae) as compared to some standard antimicrobials. The Bi(III) complexes have been found to be more active against the tested bacteria (MIC 0.061 ÷ 0.086 µmol/mL) than the parent tetrasubstituted imidazole ligands (0.165 ÷ 0.188 µmol/mL) and Bi(III) subcitrate (De-Nol) (>0.568 µmol/mL). The effect of these Bi(III) complexes, as well as the parent ligands and Bi(III) subcitrate, on the production of Proteus vulgaris urease has also been investigated. The complexes have demonstrated a higher urease inhibition activity compared to the parent ligands and Bi(III) subcitrate. Molecular docking studies of the urease from the urease-producing bacteria have been performed in order to predict the possible interaction modes and binding energies of the tested compounds at the molecular level.
Signatures of the handbag mechanism in wide-angle photoproduction of pseudoscalar mesons
Creators: name: Huang, H. W.
name: Jakob, R.
name: Kroll, P.
name: Passek-Kumericki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide-angle photoproduction of pseudoscalar mesons is investigated under the assumption of dominance of the handbag mechanism considering both quark helicity flip and non-flip. The partonic subprocess, meson photoproduction off quarks, is analysed with the help of a covariant decomposition of the subprocess amplitudes which is independent of a specific meson generation mechanism. As examples of subprocess dynamics, however, the twist-2 as well as two-particle twist-3 contributions are explicitly calculated. Characteristic features of the handbag approach are discussed in dependence upon the relative magnitudes of the invariant functions. Differential cross sections and spin correlations are predicted to show a characteristic behaviour which allows to test the underlying assumption of handbag dominance.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX; v2: final version to be published in EPJC, references added, a few changes in the presentation (particularly in 4.1), all results unchanged
TU Delft Software Carpentry Workshop Helper Information Sheet
Creators: name: Plomp, Esther
name: Niket Agrawal
name: Zormpa, Eirini
name: Armstrong, Lora
name: Kok, Maurits
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Carpentries
Software Carpentry
Helper
Workshop

description: This helper information sheet is providing information on the role of a helper in the Carpentry workshops that are organised at the Delft University of Technology through 4TU.ResearchData (the Netherlands).
title: Long-term survey strategy for deep-sea fish species in Norwegian waters evaluation criteria and implications for survey outputs to advisory work
Creators: name: Harbitz, Alf
name: Hallfredsson, Elvar
name: Planque, Benjamin
name: Albert, Ole Thomas
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Deep-sea fish species are widely distributed within the Norwegian EEZ from the Barents Sea in the north, along the continental slope to the North Sea and the Norwegian trench in the south, as well as in the deep coastal fjords. To monitor these species, extensive survey coverage is thus required, and this has been achieved partly through dedicated surveys and partly by inclusion of deep sampling stations in multipurpose surveys. In an internal survey design project at Institute of Marine Research (IMR) a long-term survey strategy is devised by evaluation of outputs to assessment, management and research, and adapting an intuitive traffic-light approach in a systematic manner. A multi-annual survey strategy is developed and the implication of such strategy on survey cost, precision of survey indices and a potential for innovative research is analysed. The results are presented in detail in an available IMR report 1 referred to as “report” later on. Here a briefer summary of the results is presented.
The Hopf algebra of rooted trees in Epstein-Glaser renormalization
Creators: name: Bergbauer, Christoph
name: Kreimer, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how the Hopf algebra of rooted trees encodes the combinatorics of Epstein-Glaser renormalization and coordinate space renormalization in general. In particular we prove that the Epstein-Glaser time-ordered products can be obtained from the Hopf algebra by suitable Feynman rules, mapping trees to operator-valued distributions. Twisting the antipode with a renormalization map formally solves the Epstein-Glaser recursion and provides local counterterms due to the Hochschild 1-closedness of the grafting operator $B_+$.
description: 19p, minor corrections and improvements. To appear in AHP
Robo-AO M Dwarf Multiplicity Survey: Catalog
Creators: name: Lamman, Claire
name: Baranec, Christoph
name: Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.
name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Schonhut-Stasik, Jessica
name: Ziegler, Carl
name: Salama, Maissa
name: Jensen-Clem, Rebecca
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Winters, Jennifer G.
name: Irwin, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze observations from Robo-AO's field M dwarf survey taken on the 2.1m Kitt Peak telescope and perform a multiplicity comparison with Gaia DR2. Through its laser-guided, automated system, the Robo-AO instrument has yielded the largest adaptive optics M dwarf multiplicity survey to date. After developing an interface to visually identify and locate stellar companions, we selected eleven lowsignificance Robo-AO detections for follow-up on the Keck II telescope using NIRC2. In the Robo-AO survey we find 553 candidate companions within 4" around 534 stars out of 5566 unique targets, most of which are new discoveries. Using a position cross match with DR2 on all targets, we assess the binary recoverability of Gaia DR2 and compare the properties of multiples resolved by both Robo-AO and Gaia. The catalog of nearby M dwarf systems and their basic properties presented here can assist other surveys which observe these stars, such as the NASA TESS mission.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. To be published in The Astronomical Journal
Changes in geometrical aspects of a simple model of cilia synchronization control the dynamical state, a possible mechanism for switching of swimming gaits in microswimmers
Creators: name: Hamilton, Evelyn
name: Cicuta, Pietro
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences

description: Active oscillators, with purely hydrodynamic coupling, are useful simple models to understand various aspects of motile cilia synchronization. Motile cilia are used by microorganisms to swim and to control the flow fields in their surroundings; the patterns observed in cilia carpets can be remarkably complex, and can be changed over time by the organism. It is often not known to what extent the coupling between cilia is due to just hydrodynamic forces, and neither is it known if it is biological or physical triggers that can change the dynamical collective state. Here we treat this question from a very simplified point of view. We describe three possible mechanisms that enable a switch in the dynamical state, in a simple scenario of a chain of oscillators. We find that shape-change provides the most consistent strategy to control collective dynamics, but also imposing small changes in frequency produces some unique stable states. Demonstrating these effects in the abstract minimal model proves that these could be possible explanations for gait switching seen in ciliated micro organisms like Paramecium and others. Microorganisms with many cilia could in principle be taking advantage of hydrodynamic coupling, to switch their swimming gait through either a shape change that manifests in decreased coupling between groups of cilia, or alterations to the beat style of a small subset of the cilia.
Probing the subsurface of the two faces of Iapetus
Creators: name: Bonnefoy, Léa E.
name: Lestrade, Jean-François
name: Lellouch, Emmanuel
name: Gall, Alice Le
name: Leyrat, Cédric
name: Ponthieu, Nicolas
name: Ladjelate, Bilal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Saturn's moon Iapetus, which is in synchronous rotation, is covered by an optically dark material mainly on its leading side, while its trailing side is significantly brighter. Because longer wavelengths probe deeper into the subsurface, observing both sides at a variety of wavelengths brings to light possible changes in thermal, compositional, and physical properties with depth. We have observed Iapetus's leading and trailing hemispheres at 1.2 and 2.0 mm, using the NIKA2 camera mounted on the IRAM 30-m telescope, and compared our observations to others performed at mm to cm wavelengths. We calibrate our observations on Titan, which is simultaneously observed within the field of view. Due to the proximity of Saturn, it is sometimes difficult to separate Iapetus's and Titan's flux from that of Saturn, detected in the telescope's side lobes. Preliminary results show that the trailing hemisphere brightness temperatures at the two wavelengths are equal within error bars, unlike the prediction made by Ries (2012). On the leading side, we report a steep spectral slope of increasing brightness temperature (by 10 K) from 1.2 to 2.0 mm, which may indicate rapidly varying emissivities within the top few centimeters of the surface. Comparison to a diffuse scattering model and a thermal model will be necessary to further constrain the thermophysical properties of the subsurface of Iapetus's two faces.
description: to appear in the proceedings of the international conference entitled mm Universe @ NIKA2, Grenoble (France), June 2019, EPJ Web of conferences
title: The Role, Implementation and Impact of Digital Open Badges on a Civil Engineering Degree
Creators: name: Gibbons, Wayne
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: The Civil Engineering degree at the Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT) has experienced lower than average first-year retention. Management at the GMIT has highlighted the role of teaching staff in increasing retention. This study evaluates an intervention intended to increase student engagement and motivation (two factors affecting retention) on the Computer Aided Design (CAD) module. This involved mapping the skills and behaviours required to succeed in the module to a set of digital open badges. Such badges have been shown to influence student engagement and motivation in other settings. This case study involved an interpretive enquiry using mixed-methods (surveys, learning journals and semi-structured interviews) over two phases. Phase 1 evaluated the perceptions towards digital open badges from key stakeholders: students, lecturers, institute management and an employer. This informed the design of the digital open badge scheme, the implementation and impact of which became the focus of Phase 2. The findings suggest that stakeholders are positive towards digital open badges. The type of motivation did not change; students showed a high tendency towards intrinsic motivation throughout. However, the level of motivation due to interest/enjoyment significantly increased. Students value digital open badges for confidence-building, peer-learning, incentivising attendance and creating links to employability. The employer values digital open badges for identifying candidates with desirable traits and preparedness for continual professional development. Institute management values digital open badges for encouraging peer-learning and attendance at classes. The implication of the findings is that digital open badges influence student engagement and motivation through building confidence and incentivising attendance. Stakeholders have recognised positive aspects, and there is an indication that digital open badges can play an important role in enhancing student employability. A case is made for using digital open badges in other modules on the programme and more broadly within the department and other institutes.
Semiquantum proxy blind signature based on quantum teleportation
Creators: name: Tan, Xiao
name: Ye, Tian-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel semiquantum proxy blind signature scheme with quantum teleportation based on X states, where the original message owner, the proxy signer and the third party are quantum participants with complete quantum capabilities, while the original signer and the signature verifier are semiquantum participants with limited quantum capabilities. It turns out that our protocol not only has complete blindness, unforgeability, non-repudiation and but also can resist the attack behavior from an eavesdropper. Compared with many previous quantum proxy blind signature protocols, our protocol may need less quantum resources and be easier to implement in reality, since both the original signer and the signature verifier are semiquantum participants with limited quantum capabilities.
description: 15 pages,1 figure,3 tables
Order-alpha_s^2 corrections to one-particle inclusive processes in DIS
Creators: name: Daleo, A.
name: Canal, C. A. García
name: Sassot, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the order-$α_s^2$ QCD corrections to semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and present results for processes initiated by a gluon. We focus in the most singular pieces of these corrections in order to obtain the hitherto unknown NLO evolution kernels relevant for the non homogeneous QCD scale dependence of these cross sections, and to check explicitly factorization at this order. In so doing we discuss the prescription of overlapping singularities in more than one variable.
description: 16 pages, 9 eps figures. Uses revtex4 and feynmf
Heterogeneity of Associations between Total and Types of Fish Intake and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: Federated Meta-Analysis of 28 Prospective Studies Including 956,122 Participants
Creators: name: Pastorino, Silvia
name: Bishop, Tom
name: Sharp, Stephen J.
name: Pearce, Matthew
name: Akbaraly, Tasnime
name: Barbieri, Natalia B.
name: Bes-Rastrollo, Maira
name: Beulens, Joline W. J.
name: Chen, Zhengming
name: Du, Huaidong
name: Duncan, Bruce B.
name: Goto, Atsushi
name: Härkänen, Tommi
name: Hashemian, Maryam
name: Kromhout, Daan
name: Järvinen, Ritva
name: Kivimaki, Mika
name: Knekt, Paul
name: Lin, Xu
name: Lund, Eiliv
name: Magliano, Dianna J.
name: Malekzadeh, Reza
name: Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
name: O’Donoghue, Gráinne
name: O’Gorman, Donal
name: Poustchi, Hossein
name: Rylander, Charlotta
name: Sawada, Norie
name: Shaw, Jonathan E.
name: Schmidt, Maria
name: Soedamah-Muthu, Sabita S.
name: Sun, Liang
name: Wen, Wanqing
name: Wolk, Alicja
name: Shu, Xiao-Ou
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Wareham, Nicholas J.
name: Forouhi, Nita G.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: type 2 diabetes
fish
federated meta-analysis
prospective studies

description: The association between fish consumption and new-onset type 2 diabetes is inconsistent and differs according to geographical location. We examined the association between the total and types of fish consumption and type 2 diabetes using individual participant data from 28 prospective cohort studies from the Americas (6), Europe (15), the Western Pacific (6), and the Eastern Mediterranean (1) comprising 956,122 participants and 48,084 cases of incident type 2 diabetes. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for associations of total fish, shellfish, fatty, lean, fried, freshwater, and saltwater fish intake and type 2 diabetes were derived for each study, adjusting for a consistent set of confounders and combined across studies using random-effects meta-analysis. We stratified all analyses by sex due to observed interaction (p = 0.002) on the association between fish and type 2 diabetes. In women, for each 100 g/week higher intake the IRRs (95% CIs) of type 2 diabetes were 1.02 (1.01–1.03, I2 = 61%) for total fish, 1.04 (1.01–1.07, I2 = 46%) for fatty fish, and 1.02 (1.00–1.04, I2 = 33%) for lean fish. In men, all associations were null. In women, we observed variation by geographical location: IRRs for total fish were 1.03 (1.02–1.04, I2 = 0%) in the Americas and null in other regions. In conclusion, we found evidence of a neutral association between total fish intake and type 2 diabetes in men, but there was a modest positive association among women with heterogeneity across studies, which was partly explained by geographical location and types of fish intake. Future research should investigate the role of cooking methods, accompanying foods and environmental pollutants, but meanwhile, existing dietary regional, national, or international guidelines should continue to guide fish consumption within overall healthy dietary patterns.
title: The application of new acoustic observations and techniques to stock assessment of walleye pollock in the eastern Bering Sea
Creators: name: Ressler, P.H.
name: Ianelli, J.N.
name: Honkalehto, T.
name: Wilson, C.D.
name: De Robertis, A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Better information on the abundance and distribution of fish stocks and their prey can improve stock assessment. Acoustic-trawl survey techniques are a proven means of providing this information and have the potential to offer further help to the stock assessment process (Trenkel et al., 2011). However, such new observations are costly and benefits to stock assessment and fisheries management decisions are sometimes unclear. We outline two examples of how new cost-effective sources of information on the semi-pelagic gadid walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the eastern Bering Sea are being used in stock and ecosystem assessments.
Charged surfaces and slabs in periodic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Rutter, M J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paper
charged surfaces
charged slabs in PBCs
self-consistent charged slabs in DFT

description: Abstract: Plane wave density functional theory codes generally assume periodicity in all three dimensions. This causes difficulties when studying charged systems, for instance energies per unit cell become infinite, and, even after being renormalised by the introduction of a uniform neutralising background, are very slow to converge with cell size. The periodicity introduces spurious electric fields which decay slowly with cell size and which also slow the convergence of other properties relating to the ground state charge density. This paper presents a simple self-consistent technique for producing rapid convergence of both energies and charge distribution in the particular geometry of 2D periodicity, as used for studying surfaces.
On the Applicability of the Ergodicity Hypothesis to Mesoscopic Fluctuations
Creators: name: Tsyplyatyev, O.
name: Aleiner, I. L.
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Lerner, Igor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate a typical value of higher order cumulants (irreducible moments) of conductance fluctuations that could be extracted from magneto-conductance measurements in a single sample when an external magnetic field is swept over an interval $B_0$. We find that the n-th cumulant has a sample-dependent random part $\pm \gN 2^{n/2}\sqrt{a_{n}B_{c}/B_{0}}$, where $\gN 2$ is the variance of conductance fluctuations, $B_{c}$ is a correlation field, and $a_{n}\sim n!$. This means that an apparent deviation of the conductance distribution from a Gaussian shape, manifested by non-vanishing higher cumulants, can be a spurious result of correlations of conductances at different values of the magnetic field.
description: 4 pages, no figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Centrifugally driven relativistic particles: general treatment and new solutions
Creators: name: Khomeriki, Giorgi
name: Rogava, Andria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of a centrifugally driven particle moving along a magnetically prescribed trajectory (e.g. pulsar magnetic field line) in a spacetime of a rotating massive body is considered. We do assume that the particle is on a zero Landau level and is not losing energy via synchrotron or any other kind of radiation. Based on this model we further study in detail the zero-gravity limit, reconsider the "straight field-line" {\it gedanken experiment} case \cite{mac94} in the "bead-on-the-wire" approximation and find previously overlooked exact analytic solutions for the most general set of initial values. We analyze different regimes of a particle dynamics, classifying them in their relation with specific initial conditions. We conclude by indicating further directions of the study and discussing possible areas of astrophysical applications.
title: "Is that normal?" What the Experiences of Apprentices Teach us about Practice and Policy
Creators: name: Lawes, Tanya
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: This study exposes the absence of apprentice voice in debates about quality, and explains the implications from a theoretical position of learning as a social construct. The early years of the 21st century witnessed a rapid growth in apprenticeships in England, with starts rising from 167,700 in 2002/3 to 375,800 in 2017/18. Ownership of the definition of apprenticeships is a contested matter with successive governments claiming that apprenticeships provide an alternative to university, and a cure for national skills shortages, social inequality and youth unemployment. Quality is conceived and measured using narrow economic- and employment-centred metrics. How apprentices conceive quality and success is largely unknown or ignored. I make the case that it is only by understanding the experiences and views of apprentices that we can start to make any headway into improving the quality of delivery. I interviewed 33 apprentices to determine what it is like to ‘do’ an apprenticeship and to ‘be’ an apprentice. The ethnographic methodology used champions the apprentices’ points-of-view, and allows me to discuss my findings in the context of theories about knowledge, identity, relationships, choice and power. The first apprentice that I interviewed wanted to know how her experiences compared with those of others, and the phrase, “Is that normal?” became a leitmotif for the study, exposing the myth of a normal apprentice, upon which, much current policy is based. The original contribution of this thesis is to fill a gap in current knowledge, and provide a new apprentice-centred model to make sense of the apprentice experience. The thesis concludes with a challenge to those who create apprenticeship policy and deliver training, to develop a new and broader set of quality measures. I contend that adopting a more apprentice-centred approach will enhance the value of apprenticeships, and this has significant implications for employment and training.
Seeing the Forest for the Trees : Gardening as cultural landscape conservation in Vancouver Island's Forests
Creators: name: Udal, Jessica
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This project argues that traditional modes of landscape conservation fail to highlight the complex social, political, ecological and economic dynamics that work to create cultural landscapes. On Vancouver Island, the ongoing tension between logging and conservation continues to reinforce the polarizing resource-wilderness dichotomy that has been so intrinsic to western perceptions of landscape. By proposing ‘gardening’ as the programmatic basis for site intervention, this project suggests an alternative cultural landscape narrative for Vancouver Island’s forests.
Noncoplanar and chiral spin states on the way towards Néel ordering in fullerene Heisenberg models
Creators: name: Szabó, Attila
name: Capponi, Sylvain
name: Alet, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high-accuracy variational Monte Carlo based on group-convolutional neural networks (GCNNs), we obtain the symmetry-resolved low-energy spectrum of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg model on several highly symmetric fullerene geometries, including the famous C$_{60}$ buckminsterfullerene. We argue that as the degree of frustration is lowered in large fullerenes, they display characteristic features of incipient magnetic ordering: correlation functions show high-intensity Bragg peaks consistent with Néel-like ordering, while the low-energy spectrum is organised into a tower of states. Competition with frustration, however, turns the simple Néel order into a noncoplanar one. Remarkably, we find and predict chiral incipient ordering in a large number of fullerene structures.
description: 14+3 pages, 14 figures, 3+4 tables. v2: close to published version
Innovative phthalocyanine-based MOF/TiO2 composite for light-driven photocatalysis
Creators: name: Yin, Yanbing
name: Zhang, Xueli
name: Jiang, Bei
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Li, Chunxin
name: Xu, Yamin
name: Zhang, Jiaxing
name: Tan, Shuang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: A novel phthalocyanine-based MOF (PcM) material was synthesized by the solvothermal method, and a novel binary composite catalyst phthalocyanine-based MOF/TiO2 (PcMT) was synthesized by loading its TiO2 on a PcM. This composite material combines the excellent conductivity and multiple active sites of PcM, as well as the high stability and photocatalytic activity of TiO2, thus demonstrating unique application potential in the fields of photocatalysis. It was systematically characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and N2 adsorption desorption. Excellent photocatalytic effects were against rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline (TC) under UV lamp irradiation. The highest degrading efficiency of 94% for RhB and 84% for TC within 150 min of the PcMT composite was displayed when compared to pristine TiO2 and PcM. It can be demonstrated that TiO2 has a high dispersibility and works synergistically with PcM to generate an efficient photocatalyst for the destruction of organic contaminants in UV lamp irradiation, increasing the photocatalytic efficiency. In addition, the composites exhibit good stability and recyclability due to the axial coordination of the central metal of PcM and Zr, with 4-carboxyphthalocyanine and immobilization on the TiO2 surface. This study provides a new strategy for the preparation of efficient light-driven photocatalytic materials.