Stillabothrium amuletum Healy et Reyda 2016, comb. n.
Creators: name: Reyda, Florian B.
name: Healy, Claire J.
name: Haslach, Andrew R.
name: Ruhnke, Timothy R.
name: Aprill, Tara L.
name: Bergman, Michael P.
name: Daigler, Andrew L.
name: Dedrick, Elsie A.
name: Delgado, Illari
name: Forti, Kathryn S.
name: Herzog, Kaylee S.
name: Russell, Rebecca S.
name: Willsey, Danielle D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Cestoda
Rhinebothriidea
Escherbothriidae
Stillabothrium
Stillabothrium amuletum

description: <i>Stillabothrium amuletum</i> (Butler, 1987) Healy et Reyda comb. n. Figs. 1, 15 ZooBank number for species: urn:lsid:zoobank.org: act: DFCD1070-9190-4890-ADEE-5474390DB2BF S y n o n y m: <i>Anthobothrium amuletum</i> Butler, 1987. I n f o r m a l s y n o n y m s: Rhinebothriinae New genus 3 sp. n. 7 of Healy et al. (2009), Caira et al. (2014), Ruhnke et al. (2015), Marques and Caira (2016). T y p e a n d o n l y k n o w n h o s t: <i>Glaucostegus typus</i> [Anonymous (Bennett)], Giant shovelnose ray (Rhinopristiformes: Rhinobatidae) (= <i>Rhinobatos armatus</i>). Ty p e l o c a l i t y: Moreton Bay, Northern Territory, Australia. A d d i t i o n a l l o c a l i t y: Fog Bay, Timor Sea (Indian Ocean) off Dundee Beach (12°45'33''S; 130°21'7''E), Queensland, Australia (AU-56). S i t e o f I n f e c t i o n: Spiral intestine. S p e c i m e n s e x a m i n e d: AU-56, QM GL4621 (holotype), GL4622 (paratype). <b>Remarks.</b> Butler (1987) provided a comprehensive description of this species, which included scanning electron micrographs and drawings, and represents the only treatment of this species, to date. Although examination of the holotype for the present study confirmed many of Butler’s (1987) observations, it refuted some of her observations, and revealed additional details missing from the original description. According to Butler (1987), the anterior region of the bothridia lack transverse septa. However, at least 4 transverse septa are visible in the anterior region of the scolex of this holotype (Fig. 15). These septa, and other septa not described by Butler (1987), are best visible using differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC). Examination of additional material of this species and, ideally, histological sections of the scolex, would be very useful in determining the exact number and extent of the septa (and the loculi) in this species. Not stated in the description, but visible in the holotype, are the following features: the vas deferens joins the cirrus sac at the middle of its anterior margin; the genital atrium has internally convoluted margins; when at least partially expanded with spermatozoa, the vas deferens extends from between the anterior lobes of the ovary to the level of the recurvature of the vagina. The morphology of the ovary, posterior vitelline follicles and posterior part of the uterus as drawn by Butler (1987) differ from that observed in the terminal proglottid of the holotype: the ovary is tetralobed and H-shaped; vitellarium is interrupted at the level of the ovary and some vitelline follicles are present in the lateral margins of the proglottid, posterior to the ovary; uterus extends posterior to the ovary. This species possesses transverse septa and non-medial longitudinal septa, as well as other characteristics consistent with its placement in <i>Stillabothrium</i>, such as a posterior row of loculi that are longer than wide (Fig. 15). Thus, this species is herein transferred into this genus as <i>Stillabothrium amuletum</i> comb. n. <i>Stillabothrium amuletum</i> possesses diagonal septa on the sides of the posterior bothridia, which overlap several longitudinal septa (Fig. 15). This feature distinguishes it from <i>S. ashleyae</i> (Fig. 2B) and <i>S. davidcynthiaorum</i> (Fig. 4B), and from <i>S. campbelli</i> (Fig. 6B), which possess marginal (<i>S. ashleyae</i> and <i>S. davidcynthiaorum</i>) or diagonal (<i>S. campbelli</i>) septa that abut but do not overlap longitudinal septa, and from <i>S. hyphantoseptum</i> (Fig. 8B), <i>S. jeanfortiae</i> (Fig. 10B) and <i>S. cadenati</i> (Fig. 12B) which each lack marginal or diagonal septa. One sequence of <i>Stillabothrium</i> from <i>G. typus</i>, the type host of <i>S. amuletum</i>, was included in the phylogenetic analysis in this study (Table 1, Fig. 1). It was from Healy et al. (2009), who referred to it as ‘Rhinebothriinae New genus 3 sp. n. 7’.
description: Published as part of <i>Reyda, Florian B., Healy, Claire J., Haslach, Andrew R., Ruhnke, Timothy R., Aprill, Tara L., Bergman, Michael P., Daigler, Andrew L., Dedrick, Elsie A., Delgado, Illari, Forti, Kathryn S., Herzog, Kaylee S., Russell, Rebecca S. &amp; Willsey, Danielle D., 2016, A new genus of rhinebothriidean cestodes from batoid elasmobranchs, with the description of five new species and two new combinations, pp. 1-28 in Folia Parasitologica (038) (038) 63 (38)</i> on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.14411/fp.2016.038, http://zenodo.org/record/8143428
description: {"references": ["BUTLER S. A. 1987: Taxonomy of some tetraphyllidean cestodes from elasmobranch fishes. Aust. J. Zool. 35: 343 - 371.", "HEALY C. J., CAIRA J. N., JENSEN K., WEBSTER B. L., LITTLE- WOOD, D. T. J. 2009: Proposal for a new tapeworm order, Rhinebothriidea. Int. J. Parasitol. 39: 497 - 511.", "RUHNKE T. R., CAIRA J. N., COX A. 2015: The cestode order Rhinebothriidea no longer family-less: a molecular phylogenetic investigation with erection of two new families and description of eight new species of Anthocephalum. Zootaxa 3904: 051 - 081.", "MARQUES F. P. L., CAIRA J. N. 2016: Pararhinebothroides - neither the sister taxon of Rhinebothroides nor a valid genus. J. Parasi- tol. 102: 249 - 259."]}