cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(Nondeterministic) Hardness vs. Non-Malleability
Creators: name: Ball, Marshall
name: Dachman-Soled, Dana
name: Loss, Julian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We present the first truly explicit constructions of non-malleable codes against tampering by bounded polynomial size circuits. These objects imply unproven circuit lower bounds and our con- struction is secure provided E requires exponential size nondeterministic circuits, an assumption from the derandomization literature. Prior works on NMC for polysize circuits, either required an untamperable CRS [Cheraghchi, Gu- ruswami ITCS’14; Faust, Mukherjee, Venturi, Wichs EUROCRYPT’14] or very strong cryptographic assumptions [Ball, Dachman-Soled, Kulkarni, Lin, Malkin EUROCRYPT’18; Dachman-Soled, Komar- godski, Pass CRYPTO’21]. Both of works in the latter category only achieve non-malleability with respect to efficient distinguishers and, more importantly, utilize cryptographic objects for which no provably secure instantiations are known outside the random oracle model. In this sense, none of the prior yields fully explicit codes from non-heuristic assumptions. Our assumption is not known to imply the existence of one-way functions, which suggests that cryptography is unnecessary for non-malleability against this class. Technically, security is shown by non-deterministically reducing polynomial size tampering to split- state tampering. The technique is general enough that it allows us to to construct the first seedless non-malleable extractors [Cheraghchi, Guruswami TCC’14] for sources sampled by polynomial size circuits [Trevisan, Vadhan FOCS’00] (resp. recognized by polynomial size circuits [Shaltiel CC’11]) and tampered by polynomial size circuits. Our construction is secure assuming E requires exponential size Σ4-circuits (resp. Σ3-circuits), this assumption is the state-of-the-art for extracting randomness from such sources (without non-malleability). We additionally observe that non-malleable codes and non-malleable secret sharing [Goyal, Kumar STOC’18] are essentially equivalent with respect to polynomial size tampering. In more detail, assuming E is hard for exponential size nondeterministic circuits, any efficient secret sharing scheme can be made non-malleable against polynomial size circuit tampering. Unfortunately, all of our constructions only achieve inverse polynomial (statistical) security. Extending a result from [Applebaum, Artemenko, Shaltiel, Yang CC’16] we show it is impossible to do better using black-box reductions. However, we extend the notion of relative error from [Applebaum, Artemenko, Shaltiel, Yang CC’16] to non-malleable extractors and show that they can be constructed from similar assumptions. We additionally observe that relative-error non-malleable extractors can be utilized to render a broad class of cryptographic primitives tamper and leakage resilient, while preserving negligible security guarantees.
title: Efforts Toward the Directed Evolution of a Bacterial Molybdenum-dependent Aldehyde Oxidase for Use in Synthesis
Creators: name: Riley, C
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2018

description: Molybdenum-dependent xanthine oxidoreducatases (XOR) are a well-known family of enzymes, which oxidise purines, imines and aldehydes in cellular metabolism. Despite many studies relating to drug metabolism, application to chemical synthesis has only recently begun to be explored. Herein we report the first use of XORs in the cascade synthesis of lactams from cyclic amines by the combination of the mutant monoamine oxidase (MAO) MAO-N D9 and XOR (E.coli XDH & R. capsulatus XDH E232V). A number of single step imine oxidations were also performed in excellent conversions with the methodology comparing well to current chemical oxidation methods. The reactions were performed in water at ambient temperature and pH using oxygen as the terminal oxidant with the only by-product being H2O2. A solid-phase colorimetric assay has been developed to detect aldehyde oxidase activity from membrane-bound bacterial colonies of TP1000 x PaoABC using a coupled peroxidase system. The screen was used to assay a library of mutants generated at the Moco-containing sub unit of PaoABC with phenylacetaldehyde used as a model substrate. This resulted in the discovery of an improved mutant L443Q, which exhibited improved solid-phase activity in addition to improved kinetics. A saturation mutagenesis approach has also been employed on Ec PaoABC at analogous positions responsible for substrate binding in Rc XDH to search for a novel “imine oxidase”. An interesting variant L246G was isolated with a switch in substrate specificity toward 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline.
Penning-trap mass spectrometry of highly charged, neutron-rich Rb and Sr isotopes in the vicinity of $A\approx100$
Creators: name: Simon, V. V.
name: Brunner, T.
name: Chowdhury, U.
name: Eberhardt, B.
name: Ettenauer, S.
name: Gallant, A. T.
name: Mané, E.
name: Simon, M. C.
name: Delheij, P.
name: Pearson, M. R.
name: Audi, G.
name: Gwinner, G.
name: Lunney, D.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Dilling, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron-rich mass region around $A\approx100$ presents challenges for modeling the astrophysical $r$-process because of rapid shape transitions. We report on mass measurements using the TITAN Penning trap at TRIUMF-ISAC to attain more reliable theoretical predictions of $r$-process nucleosynthesis paths in this region. A new approach using highly charged ($q=15+$) ions has been applied which considerably saves measurement time and preserves accuracy. New mass measurements of neutron-rich $^{94,97,98}$Rb and $^{94,97-99}$Sr have uncertainties of less than 4 keV and show deviations of up to 11$σ$ to previous measurements. An analysis using a parameterized $r$-process model is performed and shows that mass uncertainties for the A=90 abundance region are eliminated.
First-Fit coloring of Cartesian product graphs and its defining sets
Creators: name: Zaker, Manouchehr
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2017

description: Let the vertices of a Cartesian product graph $G\Box H$ be ordered by an ordering $\sigma$. By the First-Fit coloring of $(G\Box H, \sigma)$ we mean the vertex coloring procedure which scans the vertices according to the ordering $\sigma$ and for each vertex assigns the smallest available color. Let $FF(G\Box H,\sigma)$ be the number of colors used in this coloring. By introducing the concept of descent we obtain a sufficient condition to determine whether $FF(G\Box H,\sigma)=FF(G\Box H,\tau)$, where $\sigma$ and $\tau$ are arbitrary orders. We study and obtain some bounds for $FF(G\Box H,\sigma)$, where $\sigma$ is any quasi-lexicographic ordering. The First-Fit coloring of $(G\Box H, \sigma)$ does not always yield an optimum coloring. A greedy defining set of $(G\Box H, \sigma)$ is a subset $S$ of vertices in the graph together with a suitable pre-coloring of $S$ such that by fixing the colors of $S$ the First-Fit coloring of $(G\Box H, \sigma)$ yields an optimum coloring. We show that the First-Fit coloring and greedy defining sets of $G\Box H$ with respect to any quasi-lexicographic ordering (including the known lexicographic order) are all the same. We obtain upper and lower bounds for the smallest cardinality of a greedy defining set in $G\Box H$, including some extremal results for Latin squares.
description: Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 12, No 1 (2017)
A Novel Chaotic Encryption Scheme based on Pseudorandom Bit Padding
Creators: name: Ahadpour, Sodeif
name: Sadra, Yaser
name: ArastehFard, Zahra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cryptography is always very important in data origin authentications, entity authentication, data integrity and confidentiality. In recent years, a variety of chaotic cryptographic schemes have been proposed. These schemes have typical structure which performed the permutation and the diffusion stages, alternatively. The random number generators are intransitive in cryptographic schemes and be used in the diffusion functions of the image encryption for diffused pixels of plain image. In this paper, we propose a chaotic encryption scheme based on pseudorandom bit padding that the bits be generated by a novel logistic pseudorandom image algorithm. To evaluate the security of the cipher image of this scheme, the key space analysis, the correlation of two adjacent pixels and differential attack were performed. This scheme tries to improve the problem of failure of encryption such as small key space and level of security.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Published in IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues (January 2012)
Real-time Visualization of Stream-based Monitoring Data
Creators: name: Baumeister, Jan
name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Gumhold, Stefan
name: Schledjewski, Malte
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Stream-based runtime monitors are used in safety-critical applications such as Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) to compute comprehensive statistics and logical assessments of system health that provide the human operator with critical information in hand-over situations. In such applications, a visual display of the monitoring data can be much more helpful than the textual alerts provided by a more traditional user interface. This visualization requires extensive real-time data processing, which includes the synchronization of data from different streams, filtering and aggregation, and priorization and management of user attention. We present a visualization approach for the RTLola monitoring framework. Our approach is based on the principle that the necessary data processing is the responsibility of the monitor itself, rather than the responsibility of some external visualization tool. We show how the various aspects of the data transformation can be described as RTLola stream equations and linked to the visualization component through a bidirectional synchronous interface. In our experience, this approach leads to highly informative visualizations as well as to understandable and easily maintainable monitoring code.
Ricci flow and curvature on the variety of flags on the two dimensional projective space over the complexes, quaternions and the octonions
Creators: name: Cheung, Man-Wai
name: Wallach, Nolan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For homogeneous metrics on the spaces of the title it is shown that the Ricci flow can move a metric of stricly positive sectional curvature to one with some negative sectional curvature and one of positive definite Ricci tensor to one with indefinite signature.
On shape preserving semigroups
Creators: name: Bátkai, András
name: Bobrowski, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06

description: Motivated by positivity-, monotonicity-, and convexity preserving differential equations, we introduce a definition of shape preserving operator semigroups and analyze their fundamental properties. In particular, we prove that the class of shape preserving semigroups is preserved by perturbations and taking limits. These results are applied to partial delay differential equations.
description: referees comments incorporated. To appear in Archiv der Mathematik (Basel)
Dephasing in ferromagnetic nanowires: The role of spin waves
Creators: name: Danon, Jeroen
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the dephasing time of electrons in a ferromagnet relevant for the conductance fluctuations. We focus on the contribution from the interaction with spin waves. Explicit results are presented for a quasi-one-dimensional systems. Going beyond previous calculations, we do not restrict ourselves to the limit of a small exchange splitting compared to the electronic elastic scattering time, nor does our calculation rely on the diffusion approximation to describe electronic transport.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
TrustedGateway: TEE-Assisted Routing and Firewall Enforcement Using ARM TrustZone
Creators: name: Schwarz, Fabian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Gateway routers are at the heart of every network infrastructure, interconnecting subnetworks and enforcing access control policies using firewalls. However, their central position makes them high-value targets for network compromises. Typically, gateways are erroneously assumed to be hardened against software vulnerabilities (``bastion host''). In fact, though, they inherit the attack surface of their underlying commodity OSes which together with the wealth of auxiliary services available on both consumer and enterprise gateways---web and VoIP, file sharing, remote logins, monitoring, etc.---undermines this belief. This is underlined by a plethora of recent CVEs for commodity OSes and services of popular routers which resulted in authentication bypass or remote code execution thus enabling attackers full control over their security policies. We present TrustedGateway (TruGW), a new gateway architecture, which isolates ``core'' networking features---routing and firewall---from error-prone auxiliary services and gateway OSes. TruGW leverages a TEE-assisted design to protect the network path and policies while staying compatible with commodity gateway platforms. TruGW uses ARM TrustZone to protect the NIC and traffic processing from a fully-compromised gateway and permits policy updates only by trusted remote administrators. That way, TruGW can readily guarantee the secure enforcement of trusted policies on commodity gateways. TruGW's small attack surface is a key enabler to regain trust in core network infrastructures.
Discovering Significant Patterns under Sequential False Discovery Control
Creators: name: Dalleiger, Sebastian
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We are interested in discovering those patterns from data with an empirical frequency that is significantly differently than expec- ted. To avoid spurious results, yet achieve high statistical power, we propose to sequentially control for false discoveries during the search. To avoid redundancy, we propose to update our expect- ations whenever we discover a significant pattern. To efficiently consider the exponentially sized search space, we employ an easy- to-compute upper bound on significance, and propose an effective search strategy for sets of significant patterns. Through an extens- ive set of experiments on synthetic data, we show that our method, Spass, recovers the ground truth reliably, does so efficiently, and without redundancy. On real-world data we show it works well on both single and multiple classes, on low and high dimensional data, and through case studies that it discovers meaningful results.
Shrinkage Estimation in Multilevel Normal Models
Creators: name: Morris, Carl N.
name: Lysy, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This review traces the evolution of theory that started when Charles Stein in 1955 [In Proc. 3rd Berkeley Sympos. Math. Statist. Probab. I (1956) 197--206, Univ. California Press] showed that using each separate sample mean from $k\ge3$ Normal populations to estimate its own population mean $μ_i$ can be improved upon uniformly for every possible $μ=(μ_1,...,μ_k)'$. The dominating estimators, referred to here as being "Model-I minimax," can be found by shrinking the sample means toward any constant vector. Admissible minimax shrinkage estimators were derived by Stein and others as posterior means based on a random effects model, "Model-II" here, wherein the $μ_i$ values have their own distributions. Section 2 centers on Figure 2, which organizes a wide class of priors on the unknown Level-II hyperparameters that have been proved to yield admissible Model-I minimax shrinkage estimators in the "equal variance case." Putting a flat prior on the Level-II variance is unique in this class for its scale-invariance and for its conjugacy, and it induces Stein's harmonic prior (SHP) on $μ_i$.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS363 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Label-Descriptive Patterns and their Application to Characterizing Classification Errors
Creators: name: Hedderich, M.
name: Fischer, Jonas
name: Klakow, Dietrich
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: State-of-the-art deep learning methods achieve human-like performance on many tasks, but make errors nevertheless. Characterizing these errors in easily interpretable terms gives insight into whether a classifier is prone to making systematic errors, but also gives a way to act and improve the classifier. We propose to discover those feature- value combinations (ie. patterns) that strongly correlate with correct resp. erroneous predictions to obtain a global and interpretable description for arbitrary classifiers. We show this is an instance of the more general label description problem, which we formulate in terms of the Minimum De- scription Length principle. To discover a good pattern set, we develop the efficient PREMISE al- gorithm. Through an extensive set of experiments we show it performs very well in practice on both synthetic and real-world data. Unlike existing solutions, it ably recovers ground truth patterns, even on highly imbalanced data over many fea- tures. Through two case studies on Visual Ques- tion Answering and Named Entity Recognition, we confirm that PREMISE gives clear and action- able insight into the systematic errors made by modern NLP classifiers.
A Proper Motion Study of the Haro 6-10 Outflow: Evidence for a Subarcsecond Binary
Creators: name: Wilking, Bruce A.
name: Marvel, Kevin B.
name: Claussen, Mark J.
name: Gerling, Bradley M.
name: Wootten, Alwyn
name: Gibb, Erika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present single-dish and VLBI observations of an outburst of water maser emission from the young binary system Haro 6-10. Haro 6-10 lies in the Taurus molecular cloud and contains a visible T Tauri star with an infrared companion 1.3" north. Using the Very Long Baseline Array, we obtained five observations spanning 3 months and derived absolute positions for 20 distinct maser spots. Three of the masers can be traced over 3 or more epochs, enabling us to extract absolute proper motions and tangential velocities. We deduce that the masers represent one side of a bipolar outflow that lies nearly in the plane of the sky with an opening angle of ~45°. They are located within 50 mas of the southern component of the binary, the visible T Tauri star Haro 6-10S. The mean position angle on the sky of the maser proper motions (~220°) suggests they are related to the previously observed giant Herbig-Haro (HH) flow which includes HH410, HH411, HH412, and HH184A-E. A previously observed HH jet and extended radio continuum emission (mean position angle of ~190°) must also originate in the vicinity of Haro6-10S and represent a second, distinct outflow in this region. We propose that a yet unobserved companion within 150 mas of Haro6-10S is responsible for the giant HH/maser outflow while the visible star is associated with the HH jet. Despite the presence of H_2 emission in the spectrum of the northern component of the binary, Haro6-10N, none of outflows/jets can be tied directly to this young stellar object.
Noise Covariance Properties in Dual-Tree Wavelet Decompositions
Creators: name: Chaux, Caroline
name: Pesquet, Jean-Christophe
name: Duval, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dual-tree wavelet decompositions have recently gained much popularity, mainly due to their ability to provide an accurate directional analysis of images combined with a reduced redundancy. When the decomposition of a random process is performed -- which occurs in particular when an additive noise is corrupting the signal to be analyzed -- it is useful to characterize the statistical properties of the dual-tree wavelet coefficients of this process. As dual-tree decompositions constitute overcomplete frame expansions, correlation structures are introduced among the coefficients, even when a white noise is analyzed. In this paper, we show that it is possible to provide an accurate description of the covariance properties of the dual-tree coefficients of a wide-sense stationary process. The expressions of the (cross-)covariance sequences of the coefficients are derived in the one and two-dimensional cases. Asymptotic results are also provided, allowing to predict the behaviour of the second-order moments for large lag values or at coarse resolution. In addition, the cross-correlations between the primal and dual wavelets, which play a primary role in our theoretical analysis, are calculated for a number of classical wavelet families. Simulation results are finally provided to validate these results.
Discovering Invariant and Changing Mechanisms from Data
Creators: name: Mameche, Sara
name: Kaltenpoth, David
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: While invariance of causal mechanisms has inspired recent work in both robust machine learning and causal inference, causal mech- anisms often vary over domains due to, for example, population- specific differences, the context of data collection, or intervention. To discover invariant and changing mechanisms from data, we pro- pose extending the algorithmic model for causation to mechanism changes and instantiating it via Minimum Description Length. In essence, for a continuous variable ???? in multiple contexts C, we identify variables ???? as causal if the regression functions ???? : ???? → ???? have succinct descriptions in all contexts. In empirical evaluations we show that our method, Vario, reveals mechanism changes, dis- covers causal variables by invariance, and finds causal networks, such as on real-world data that gives insight into the signaling pathways in human immune cells.
Inferring Cause and Effect in the Presence of Heteroscedastic Noise
Creators: name: Xu, Sascha
name: Mian, Osman
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the problem of identifying cause and effect over two univariate continuous variables X and Y from a sample of their joint distribu- tion. Our focus lies on the setting where the variance of the noise may be dependent on the cause. We propose to partition the domain of the cause into multiple segments when the noise in- deed is dependent. To this end, we minimize a scale-invariant, penalized regression score, find- ing the optimal partitioning using dynamic pro- gramming. We show under which conditions this allows us to identify the causal direction for the linear setting with heteroscedastic noise, for the non-linear setting with homoscedastic noise, as well as empirically confirm that these results generalize to the non-linear and heteroscedas- tic case. Altogether, the ability to model het- eroscedasticity translates into an improved per- formance in telling cause from effect on a wide range of synthetic and real-world datasets.
An other absence: the ethics of the negative in Canadian prairie literature
Creators: name: Gamble, Jay
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 190-198
description: This study examines the operations of absence, negation, negativity, what I call "the Negative," in prose fiction and poetry written by what might loosely be called "prairie" writers. However, rather than discuss the geographical roots and repercussions of the Negative, this project explores the ethical dimension of the Negative, effectively arguing that the Negative is inherently ethical. As a result, an implied argument throughout the study is that questions of national and regional identity, though often valuable, tend to prioritise the geographical character of a text rather than the text itself. In this way, my dissertation seeks to move beyond thematic criticism, beyond identity in much the same way Levinas's ethical model resists the thematisation and totalising identification of the Other in the face-to-face encounter. The first chapter lays the theoretical foundation for the rest of the project; it develops a reading of the Negative that is not ontological but rather ethical. The chapter also proposes the concept of individuated materiality that becomes important in contesting Levinas's construction of the pre-linguistic face. The second chapter is an examination of the irruption of the Negative in the representation of the face-to-face encounter in Howard O'Hagan' s Tay John and Frederick Phillip Grove's Settlers of the Marsh. The third chapter examines the ethics and economy of death in Aritha van Herk's Restlessness. In particular, it reads the novel as an allegory of literary exchange. The fourth chapter examines the irruption of the Negative as it appears in what might be called life-writing poetry; at the very least, it examines the Negative in an Eli Mandel poem and a Claire Harris poem. The fifth and final chapter illustrates the ways in which the poetic form itself contributes to the irruption of the NEgative. In particular, this chapter examines STeven Ross Smith's Fluttertongue 3: Disarray and the ways in which the text's formal experimentation are experiments with the Negative. The conclusion begins by questioning the purpose and efficacy of studying the Negative and proposes an outline for an ethics of the Negative.
Momentum Broadening in Weakly Coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: D'Eramo, Francesco
name: Lee, Christopher
name: Lekaveckas, Mindaugas
name: Liu, Hong
name: Rajagopal, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the probability distribution P(k_\perp) for the momentum perpendicular to its original direction of motion that an energetic quark or gluon picks up as it propagates through weakly coupled quark-gluon plasma in thermal equilibrium.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures - Talk presented by M. Lekaveckas at PANIC 2011, July 25-29, 2011, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
Effect of Impurities on the Superheating field of Type II superconductors
Creators: name: Lin, F. Pei-Jen
name: Gurevich, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of nonmagnetic and magnetic impurities on the superheating field $H_s$ in a type-II superconductor. We solved the Eilenberger equations, which take into account the nonlinear pairbreaking of Meissner screening currents, and calculated $H_s(T)$ for arbitrary temperatures and impurity concentrations in a single-band s-wave superconductor with a large Ginzburg-Landau parameter. At low temperatures nonmagnetic impurities suppress a weak maximum in $H_s(T)$ which has been predicted for the clean limit, resulting instead in a maximum of $H_s$ as a function of impurity concentration in a moderately clean limit. It is shown that nonmagnetic impurities weakly affect $H_s$ even in the dirty limit, while magnetic impurities suppress both $H_s$ and the critical temperature $T_c$. The density of quasiparticles states $N(ε)$ is strongly affected by an interplay of impurity scattering and current pairbreaking. We show that a clean superconductor at $H=H_s$ is in a gapless state, but a quasiparticle gap $ε_g$ in $N(ε)$ at $H=H_s$ appears as the concentration of nonmagnetic impurities increases. As the nonmagnetic scattering rate $α$ increases above $α_c=0.36$, the quasiparticle gap $ε_g(α)$ at $H=H_s$ increases, approaching $ε_g\approx 0.32Δ_0$ in the dirty limit $α\gg 1$, where $Δ_0$ is the superconducting gap parameter at zero field. The effects of impurities on $H_s$ can be essential for the nonlinear surface resistance and superconductivity breakdown by strong RF fields.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Prediction and computation of phase equilibria in polar and polarizable mixtures using theory-based equations of state
Creators: name: Al-Saifi, Nayef Masned
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to the development of the predictive theory-based equation of state. The specific objectives are threefold: first, to improve the predictive capability of theory-based EOS in studying multiphase equilibrium in water-alcohol-hydrocarbon mixtures by taking into account long-ranged electrostatic interactions. The second objective is to develop a general treatment of polar-polarizable mixtures for any theory-based equation of state; and the third is to develop robust and reliable computational methods that conduct and simplify multiphase and stability calculations for theory-based equations of state. The long-ranged electrostatic interactions considered in this thesis are dipole-dipole, quadrupole-quadrupole and polarization. The electrostatic interactions are incorporated into the statistical association fluid theory (SAFT) using different polar approaches. The polar SAFT is utilized to predict multiphase equilibrium of water-alcohol-hydrocarbon mixtures. The results are compared to experimental data. Excellent prediction of multiphase equilibrium is obtained without adjusting experimental data including difficult mixtures such as water-hydrocarbons. This dissertation also presents a general treatment of polar-polarizable systems for theory-based equation of state for non-spherical molecules by the use of the self-consistent mean field theory proposed originally by Carnie and Patey (1982). The treatment is applicable for any kind of polarization arising from polar molecules including ions induced interactions. The theory is tested against simulation data and is applied to the statistical association fluid theory. The general theory is compared to simulation data and is shown to give excellent agreement. The developments in this dissertation also contribute to the subject of theory-based equations of state by developing a reliable and robust multiphase and stability testing method. The developed algorithm computes multiphase and stability simultaneously. The new algorithm is tested extensively on complex mixtures including water-hydrocarbon mixtures. Furthermore, the calculations of phase equilibrium from theory-based equations of state are significantly simplified by the use of the complex-step derivative approximation which computes derivatives numerically.
Formally Justifying MDL-based Inference of Cause and Effect
Creators: name: Marx, Alexander
name: Vreeken, Jilles
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The algorithmic independence of conditionals, which postu- lates that the causal mechanism is algorithmically indepen- dent of the cause, has recently inspired many highly success- ful approaches to distinguish cause from effect given only observational data. Most popular among these is the idea to approximate algorithmic independence via two-part Mini- mum Description Length (MDL). Although intuitively sen- sible, the link between the original postulate and practical two-part MDL encodings has so far been left vague. In this work, we close this gap by deriving a two-part formulation of this postulate, in terms of Kolmogorov complexity, which directly links to practical MDL encodings. To close the cy- cle, we prove that this formulation leads on expectation to the same inference result as the original postulate.
Bowel cancer screening in primary care
Creators: name: Holden, Carol
name: Turnbull, Deborah
name: Frank, Oliver
name: Olver, Ian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111717 Primary Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Little progress has been made in achieving sustained improvements in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening participation in general practice. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, we identified contextual factors that will allow flexible implementation of a quality improvement intervention. Adaptations to outer-setting constructs (i.e. beyond the practice setting) may support the implementation of a primary care CRC quality improvement intervention within the existing organised CRC screening program
Compressed supersymmetry after 1/fb at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: LeCompte, Thomas J.
name: Martin, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the reach of the Large Hadron Collider with 1/fb of data at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV for several classes of supersymmetric models with compressed mass spectra, using jets and missing transverse energy cuts like those employed by ATLAS for Summer 2011 data. In the limit of extreme compression, the best limits come from signal regions that do not require more than 2 or 3 jets and that remove backgrounds by requiring more missing energy rather than higher effective mass.
description: 12 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.4304
Flow-induced crystallization of high-density polyethylene : the effects of shear, uniaxial extension and temperature
Creators: name: Derakhshandeh, Maziar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The effects of shear, uniaxial extension and temperature on the flow-induced crystallization of two different types of two high-density polyethylenes (a metallocene and a Ziegler-Natta HDPE) are examined using rheometry. Shear and uniaxial extension experiments were performed at temperatures below and well above the peak melting point of the polyethylene’s in order to characterize their flow-induced crystallization behavior at rates relevant to processing. Generally, strain and strain rate found to enhance crystallization in both shear and elongation. In particular, extensional flow was found to be a much stronger stimulus for polymer crystallization compared to shear. At temperatures well above the melting peak point (up to 25°C), polymer crystallized under elongational flow, while there was no sign of crystallization under simple shear. A modified Kolmogorov crystallization model (Kolmogorov AN (1937) On the statistics of the crystallization process on metals. Bull Akad Sci. USSR, Class Sci, Math Nat. 1:355–359) proposed by Tanner (Tanner RI (2009) Stretching, shearing and solidification, Chem Eng Sci, 64:4576-4579) was used to describe the crystallization kinetics under both shear and elongational flow. The model was found to predict the FIC behaviour under low deformation rates and various temperatures well; however the predictions for the higher rates were not satisfactory.
scGCN: Leveraging gene networks for Single-cell annotation
Creators: name: Heidari, Elyas
name: Shayan Shekarforoush
name: Haghverdi, Laleh
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: We propose, scGCN, a deep learning framework for analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data. Our framework consists of three steps; 1) adaptation of a geometric deep learning model applicable to gene regulatory networks (GRNs), 2) construction of a modular GRN, which serves as the input graph structure for the geometric deep learning model, and 3) validation of the model on available scRNA-seq data sets. For each of these steps, we face a multitude of possible methods. We would like to systematically explore the solution space in order to find the best amongst the set of possible solutions. This brought us to first integrating all steps into one pipeline, and then optimizing the whole pipeline to achieve the best solution. For instance, for GRN reconstruction, we employ probabilistic graphical models, a priori known transcription factor interactions, or a combination of both. Results: We employed two pairs of scRNA-seq datasets from two organisms, that is, a pair of distinct datasets on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and another pair on Zebrafish embryo, we demonstrate the potentials of scGCN for transfer learning. We came up with a parameter path consisting of 1) selection of highly variable genes, 2) reconstruction of GRN with Gaussian Graphical Models (partial correlation networks), 3) GRN classification with InceptionGCN, suitable for transferable learning on scRNA-seq data, as we tried it on two datasets. Our results show as high but more stable accuracy match between the test and train datasets compared to a fully connected network.
Interoperability between Bioconductor and Python for scRNA-seq analysis
Creators: name: Zappia, Luke
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Unlike traditional bulk RNA-seq analysis which is dominated by Bioconductor, packages for analysing single-cell RNA sequencing data are more fragmented. Currently, there are three key ecosystems, the Seurat package (https://satijalab.org/seurat/) (available from CRAN), Bioconductor's SingleCellExperiment object (https://bioconductor.org/packages/SingleCellExperiment/) and the AnnData Python object (https://anndata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html) used by the Scanpy package (https://scanpy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/). While these platforms each have strengths and weaknesses most analysts are likely to only use one of them. In this talk, I discuss how interoperability between R and Python can allow us to take advantage of these platforms strengths and avoid unnecessary reimplementation of methods. I highlight the reticulate R package for interacting with Python (https://rstudio.github.io/reticulate/), the basilisk package for encapsulating Python environments (https://bioconductor.org/packages/basilisk/), my zellkonverter package for converting between AnnData and SingleCellExperiment objects (https://bioconductor.org/packages/zellkonverter/) and the velociraptor package as an example of wrapping a Python package (https://bioconductor.org/packages/velociraptor/). The methods in the scVelo (http://scvelo.org/) (package wrapped by velociraptor) for calculating RNA velocity and the CellRank package for estimating state transitions (http://cellrank.org/) will also be briefly described.
Higgs self-coupling measurements at the LHC
Creators: name: Dolan, Matthew J.
name: Englert, Christoph
name: Spannowsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the ATLAS and CMS collaborations have reported a Standard Model Higgs-like excess at around $m_h = 125$ GeV. If an SM-like Higgs particle is discovered in this particular mass range, an important additional test of the SM electroweak symmetry breaking sector is the measurement of the Higgs self-interactions. We investigate the prospects of measuring the Higgs self-coupling for $m_h=125 \gev$ in the dominant SM decay channels in boosted and unboosted kinematical regimes. We further enhance sensitivity by considering dihiggs systems recoiling against a hard jet. This configuration exhibits a large sensitivity to the Higgs self-coupling which can be accessed in subjet-based analyses. Combining our analyses allows constraints to be set on the Higgs self-coupling at the LHC.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, references added
MODELLING STRATEGIC TRUST IN AGILE TRANSFORMATION
Creators: name: Bushuyev, S.
name: Bushuieva, V.
name: Lazareva, M.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: Strategic trust
Agile transformation
Competence model
Education establishment

description: An increasingly complex world and an uncertain future present Education establishment with enormous challenges. Today, there are new ways of working on project product creation, in which decision-making is as close to implementation as possible and as late as is justified by the tight deadlines of project and product lifecycles in their implementation. Agile management is focused on creating a balanced value, not a planned schedule. The work is performed in the form of short cycles, instead of implementing a waterfall approach, and constant attention is paid to development and quality. While there are framework models that provide some direction for the development, each organization has its own interpretation of agile work. In this case, Strategic Trust play key role in success of Agile transformation of Education Establishment. Agile working is a philosophy, it is the foundations that support such a philosophy. Instead of adopting agile methodologies, people become Agile and this requires a fundamental change in thinking and leadership. For assessment of strategic trust proposed competence model.
HCAMatrixBrowser: Accessing the Human Cell Atlas Data in Bioconductor
Creators: name: Ramos, Marcel
name: Morgan, Martin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: The HCAMatrixBrowser makes use of the Human Cell Atlas REST API service to query and obtain expression data. It provides Bioconductor users with standard and familiar data structures for downstream analysis. The data can be provided from the service in three primary formats: loom, mtx, and csv. The first two file formats are represented as LoomExperiment and SingleCellExperiment Bioconductor data classes.
Where to Recruit for Security Development Studies: Comparing Six Software Developer Samples
Creators: name: Kaur, Harjot
name: Amft, Sabrina
name: Votipka, Daniel
name: Acar, Yasemin
name: Fahl, Sascha
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Studying developers is an important aspect of usable security and privacy research. In particular, studying security development challenges such as the usability of security APIs, the secure use of information sources during development or the effectiveness of IDE security plugins raised interest in recent years. However, recruiting skilled participants with software development experience is particularly challenging, and it is often not clear what security researchers can expect from certain participant samples, which can make research results hard to compare and interpret. Hence, in this work, we study for the first time opportunities and challenges of different platforms to recruit participants with software development experience for security development studies. First, we identify popular recruitment platforms in 59 papers. Then, we conduct a comparative online study with 706 participants based on self-reported software development experience across six recruitment platforms. Using an online questionnaire, we investigate participants’ programming and security experiences, skills and knowledge. We find that participants across all samples report rich general software development and security experience, skills, and knowledge. Based on our results, we recommend developer recruitment from Upwork for practical coding studies and Amazon MTurk along with a pre-screening survey to reduce additional noise for larger studies. Both of these, along with Freelancer, are also recommended for security studies. We conclude the paper by discussing the impact of our results on future security development studies.
Quark Number Susceptibility and QCD Phase Transition in the Predictive Soft-wall AdS/QCD Model with Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Cui, Ling-Xiao
name: Takeuchi, Shingo
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the infrared improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model which can lead to a consistent prediction for the mass spectra of light resonance mesons, we extend it to the finite temperature system and carry out the calculation for the quark number susceptibility with finite quark mass. As a consequence, we show that the quark number susceptibility grows rapidly with a continuous blow-up in a narrow temperature interval as the temperature increases, and there is a peak when the temperature is around $T \simeq 160 \sim 190$ MeV depending slightly on the models, the resulting critical temperature is about 170MeV, which agrees remarkably with the lattice QCD calculation.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected, references added, published version in PRD
Closed-Form Critical Conditions of Subharmonic Oscillations for Buck Converters
Creators: name: Fang, Chung-Chieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general critical condition of subharmonic oscillation in terms of the loop gain is derived. Many closed-form critical conditions for various control schemes in terms of converter parameters are also derived. Some previously known critical conditions become special cases in the generalized framework. Given an arbitrary control scheme, a systematic procedure is proposed to derive the critical condition for that control scheme. Different control schemes share similar forms of critical conditions. For example, both V2 control and voltage mode control have the same form of critical condition. A peculiar phenomenon in average current mode control where subharmonic oscillation occurs in a window value of pole can be explained by the derived critical condition. A ripple amplitude index to predict subharmonic oscillation proposed in the past research has limited application and is shown invalid for a converter with a large pole.
description: Submitted to an IEEE Journal on Dec. 23, 2011, and resubmitted to IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-I on Feb. 14, 2012. My current six papers in arXiv have a common reviewer
title: Экономический анализ нефтегазодобывающих предприятий как части системы экономической безопасности Арктического региона
title: Economic Analysis of Oil and Gas Producing Enterprises as Part of the Economic Security System of the Arctic Region
Creators: name: Шутро, Елизавета Николаевна
name: Зубарева, Любовь Витальевна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2019

description: В статье рассматриваются аспекты экономической безопасности предприятий, регионов и страны в целом на примере нефтегазодобывающих компаний Арктической зоны. Выявлены основные точки воздействия на экономическую безопасность и определены проблемные зоны безопасности Российской Арктики. Предложены некоторые решения по улучшению экономической ситуации как отдельных предприятий, так и региона в целом.
description: The article examines the economic security aspects of enterprises, regions and countrywide on the example of oil and gas companies in the Arctic zone. The authors identify the main points of influence on economic security and define problem areas of security of the Russian Arctic. Some solutions to improve the economic situation of both individual enterprises and the region are proposed.