cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Percolation thresholds on planar Euclidean relative neighborhood graphs
Creators: name: Melchert, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presented article, statistical properties regarding the topology and standard percolation on relative neighborhood graphs (RNGs) for planar sets of points, considering the Euclidean metric, are put under scrutiny. RNGs belong to the family of ``proximity graphs'', i.e. their edge-set encodes proximity information regarding the close neighbors for the terminal nodes of a given edge. Therefore they are, e.g., discussed in the context of the construction of backbones for wireless ad-hoc networks that guarantee connectedness of all underlying nodes. Here, by means of numerical simulations, we determine the asymptotic degree and diameter of RNGs and we estimate their bond and site percolation thresholds, which were previously conjectured to be nontrivial. We compare the results to regular 2D graphs for which the degree is close to that of the RNG. Finally, we deduce the common percolation critical exponents from the RNG data to verify that the associated universality class is that of standard 2D percolation.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Affine buildings, tiling systems and higher rank Cuntz-Krieger algebras
Creators: name: Robertson, Guyan
name: Steger, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46L35, secondary 46L55, 22D25, 51E24

description: To an $r$-dimensional subshift of finite type satisfying certain special properties we associate a $C^*$-algebra $\cA$. This algebra is a higher rank version of a Cuntz-Krieger algebra. In particular, it is simple, purely infinite and nuclear. We study an example: if $\G$ is a group acting freely on the vertices of an $\wt A_2$ building, with finitely many orbits, and if $Ω$ is the boundary of that building, then $C(\Om)\rtimes \G$ is the algebra associated to a certain two dimensional subshift.
Variability of the Spin Period of the White Dwarf in the Intermediate Polar V405 Aur: Low-Mass Third Body or Precession ?
Creators: name: Breus, V. V.
name: Andronov, I. L.
name: Dubovsky, P.
name: Kolesnikov, S. V.
name: Zhuzhulina, E. A.
name: Hegedus, T.
name: Beringer, P.
name: Petrik, K.
name: Robertson, J. W.
name: Ryabov, A. V.
name: Kudzej, I.
name: Shakhovskoy, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of photometric CCD observations of the magnetic cataclysmic variable V405 Aurigae (RX J0558.0+5353 = 1RXS J055800.7+535358) obtained using different instruments. We analysed variability of the spin period of the white dwarf in the V405 Aur (RX J0558.0+5353) system using our observations and previously published maxima timings. The spin period of the system in 2010-2012 is $P=545.4558163(94)$s. As we have gaps in observational data, we present 2 hypotheses of the spin period variability of this system - a cubic ephemeris which may be interpreted by a precession of the magnetic white dwarf or a periodic change with a period of 6.2 years and semi-amplitude of $17.2\pm1.8$ sec. The periodic variations may be interpreted by a light-time effect caused by a low-mass star ($M_3\ge0.09M_\odot$). In this case, the system belongs to a rare class of cataclysmic variables with a third body.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to "Journal of Physical Studies", 10.06.2013, accepted (vol.17)
Efficient Single Photon Absorption by Optimized Superconducting Nanowire Geometries
Creators: name: Akhlaghi, Mohsen K.
name: Atikian, Haig
name: Young, Jeff F.
name: Loncar, Marko
name: Majedi, A. Hamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on simulation results that shows optimum photon absorption by superconducting nanowires can happen at a fill-factor that is much less than 100%. We also present experimental results on high performance of our superconducting nanowire single photon detectors realized using NbTiN on oxidized silicon.
description: \copyright 2013 IEEE. Submitted to "Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices - NUSOD 2013" on 19-April-2013
Vereinigung von Zürich und Ausgemeinden. Die Verhältnisse der politischen Gemeinden
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: B. Cotti
Year: 1888
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 336 Öffentliche Finanzen
subject: 351 Öffentliche Verwaltung
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Gemeindeverwaltung
subject: Gemeindefinanzwirtschaft

description: Ursprüngliche Zählung: Vereinigung von Zürich und Ausgemeinden, 1. Heft. Rückwirkend nummeriert als Heft 46 der Stat. Mitteilungen betr. den Kanton Zürich.
description: Inhalt: Einleitung ; Fragenschema zur Erhebung der Verhältnisse der politischen Gemeinden ; Areal, Bevölkerung, Gemeindebehörden ; Allgemeine Verwaltung (Strassen- und Bauwesen, Wasserversorgung, Sanitätspolizei, andere Verwaltungszweige ; Gemeindefinanzen, Steuerwesen) ; Neubauten, Gemeinsame Unternehmungen, Schlussfragen ; Anhang (Korrentverkehr der politischen Gemeinden 1883-1885) ; Alphabetisches Sachregister
Postdienste und moderne Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien. TAB-Fokus
Creators: name: Riehm, Ulrich
name: Böhle, Knud
Publisher: name: Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung beim Deutschen Bundestag (TAB)
Year: 2014

description: Bedingt unter anderem durch die Nutzung elektronischer Kommunikationsmittel geht das Briefaufkommen seit einigen Jahren weltweit zurück. Die Briefmenge in Deutschland könnte zwischen 2010 und 2020 um bis zu 29 % abnehmen. Für die Politik stellt sich die Frage, ob unter diesen Bedingungen der Postuniversaldienst, der eine flächendeckende, allen Bürgern in gleicher Qualität zustehende Postdienstleistung garantiert, aufrechterhalten werden kann. Politische Handlungsoptionen eröffnen sich einerseits innerhalb der bestehenden europarechtlichen Rahmengesetzgebung, andererseits sind aber auch gänzlich neue Regulierungsmodelle zu diskutieren, die physische, elektronische sowie hybride Mitteilungssysteme integrieren.
On the Design of Artificial-Noise-Aided Secure Multi-Antenna Transmission in Slow Fading Channels
Creators: name: Zhang, Xi
name: Zhou, Xiangyun
name: McKay, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the design of artificial-noise-aided secure multi-antenna transmission in slow fading channels. The primary design concerns include the transmit power allocation and the rate parameters of the wiretap code. We consider two scenarios with different complexity levels: i) the design parameters are chosen to be fixed for all transmissions, ii) they are adaptively adjusted based on the instantaneous channel feedback from the intended receiver. In both scenarios, we provide explicit design solutions for achieving the maximal throughput subject to a secrecy constraint, given by a maximum allowable secrecy outage probability. We then derive accurate approximations for the maximal throughput in both scenarios in the high signal-to-noise ratio region, and give new insights into the additional power cost for achieving a higher security level, whilst maintaining a specified target throughput. In the end, the throughput gain of adaptive transmission over non-adaptive transmission is also quantified and analyzed.
description: to appear in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Corrections to the Banks-Casher relation with Wilson quarks
Creators: name: Necco, S.
name: Shindler, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Banks-Casher relation links the spectral density of the Dirac operator with the existence of a chiral condensate and spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. This relation receives corrections from a finite value of the quark mass, a finite space-time volume and, if evaluated on a discrete lattice, from the finite value of the lattice spacing a. We present a status report of a determination of these corrections for Wilson quarks.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Chiral Dynamics 2012 proceeding
Single qubit manipulation in a microfabricated surface electrode ion trap
Creators: name: Mount, Emily
name: Baek, So-Young
name: Blain, Matthew
name: Stick, Daniel
name: Gaultney, Daniel
name: Crain, Stephen
name: Noek, Rachel
name: Kim, Taehyun
name: Maunz, Peter
name: Kim, Jungsang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We trap individual $^{171}$Yb$^+$ ions in a surface trap microfabricated on a silicon substrate, and demonstrate a complete set of high fidelity single qubit operations for the hyperfine qubit. Trapping times exceeding 20 minutes without laser cooling, and heating rates as low as 0.8(0.1) quanta/ms indicate stable trapping conditions in these microtraps. A coherence time of more than one second, high fidelity qubit state detection and single qubit rotations are demonstrated.
Entanglement Spectrum of Composite Fermion States in Real Space
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Ivan D.
name: Davenport, Simon C.
name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Slingerland, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement spectra of many particle systems in states which are closely related to products of Slater determinants or products of permanents, or combinations of the two. Such states notably include the Laughlin and Jain composite fermion states which describe most of the observed conductance plateaus of the fractional quantum Hall effect. We identify a set of 'Entanglement Wave Functions' (EWF), for subsets of the particles, which completely describe the entanglement spectra of such product wave functions, both in real space and in particle space. A subset of the EWF for the Laughlin and Jain states can be recognized as Composite Fermion states. These states provide an exact description of the low angular momentum sectors of the real space entanglement spectrum (RSES) of these trial wave functions and a physical explanation of the branches of excitations observed in the RSES of the Jain states.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Modeling the Pollution of Pristine Gas in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Pan, Liubin
name: Scannapieco, Evan
name: Scalo, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the pollution of pristine gas in turbulent flows, designed to provide new tools for modeling the evolution of the first generation of stars. The properties of such Population III (Pop III) stars are thought to be very different than later generations, because cooling is dramatically different in gas with a metallicity below a critical value Z_c, which lies between ~10^-6 and 10^-3 solar value. Z_c is much smaller than the typical average metallicity, , and thus the mixing efficiency of the pristine gas in the interstellar medium plays a crucial role in the transition from Pop III to normal star formation. The small critical value, Z_c, corresponds to the far left tail of the probability distribution function (PDF) of the metallicity. Based on closure models for the PDF formulation of turbulent mixing, we derive equations for the fraction of gas, P, lying below Z_c, in compressible turbulence. Our simulation data shows that the evolution of the fraction P can be well approximated by a generalized self-convolution model, which predicts dP/dt = -n/tau_con P (1-P^(1/n)), where n is a measure of the locality of the PDF convolution and the timescale tau_con is determined by the rate at which turbulence stretches the pollutants. Using a suite of simulations with Mach numbers ranging from M = 0.9 to 6.2, we provide accurate fits to n and tau_con as a function of M, Z_c/, and the scale, L_p, at which pollutants are added to the flow. For P>0.9, mixing occurs only in the regions surrounding the pollutants, such that n=1. For smaller P, n is larger as mixing becomes more global. We show how the results can be used to construct one-zone models for the evolution of Pop III stars in a single high-redshift galaxy, as well as subgrid models for tracking the evolution of the first stars in large cosmological simulations.
description: 37 pages, accepted by ApJ
Quantum equivalence principle without mass superselection
Creators: name: Hernandez-Coronado, H.
name: Okon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard argument for the validity of Einstein's equivalence principle in a non-relativistic quantum context involves the application of a mass superselection rule. It is surprising that the consistency between such an important principle and quantum mechanics depends crucially on the imposition of a non-fundamental restriction. The objective of this work is show that, contrary to what the standard account holds, the compatibility between the principle of equivalence and quantum mechanics does not depend on the introduction of such a superselection rule. For this purpose, we consider the extended Galileo group, in which mass is treated as an operator, and show that within this scheme superpositions of different masses behave as they should in order to obey the equivalence principle.
title: Mapping areas of interest for coastal enhancement related to capelin spawning in Conception Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador
Creators: name: Tilley, Brandon
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: Capelin is a forage fish species that plays a key role in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) marine ecosystems. The species tends to spawn on beaches possessing specific environmental characteristics, such as gentle slopes and granular sediment sizes. Many beaches on the island of Newfoundland have been modified by humans and are no longer suitable for capelin spawning. Coastal enhancement work, which could help increase the suitability of beaches for capelin spawning, requires an understanding of beach dynamics and geomorphology to identify suitable sites for enhancement and long-term effectiveness. Three beaches along Conception Bay, NL were examined to inform potential future coastal enhancement work: Lance Cove, Chapel’s Cove, and Harbour Main. Aerial photos and digital surface models (DSM) of the beaches were acquired at different times throughout 2019 using an uncrewed aerial vehicle, complemented by field observations. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach was then used to provide a systematic way to prioritize these beaches for enhancement suitability. The MCDA prioritization accounts for key components of capelin spawning, wind direction, beach protection, sediment grain size, slope, and anthropogenic footprint. Key components were addressed both in terms of capelin spawning suitability and coastal stability. DSM and geomorphological data indicate that beaches experience different changes throughout a season, although they present somewhat similar physical characteristics. Adjacent beaches can exhibit very different responses to the same weather event, indicated by the geomorphic dynamics of Lance Cove, Chapel’s Cove, and Harbour Main. Of the three sites, Chapel’s Cove is most suitable for coastal enhancements to make the beach more suitable for capelin spawning. Chapel’s Cove is more dynamically stable than Lance Cove, and is much less anthropogenically influenced than is Harbour Main. Findings demonstrate the key factors influencing beach geomorphology and how it pertains to planning species-specific enhancement projects, building on the idea that enhancement projects require a multi-dimensional approach.
Density Functional Theory Approach to Nuclear Fission
Creators: name: Schunck, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Skyrme nuclear energy density functional theory (DFT) is used to model neutron-induced fission in actinides. This paper focuses on the numerical implementation of the theory. In particular, it reports recent advances in DFT code development on leadership class computers, and presents a detailed analysis of the numerical accuracy of DFT solvers for near-scission calculations.
description: Proceedings of the 47th Zakopane Conference on Nuclear Physics, "Extremes of the Nuclear Landscape", 9 pages, 4 figures, 11 references (2012); Includes an updated Acknowledgements section
Postal services and modern information and communication technologies. TAB-Fokus
Creators: name: Riehm, Ulrich
name: Böhle, Knud
Publisher: name: Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung beim Deutschen Bundestag (TAB)
Year: 2014

description: The letter mail volume has been declining globally for some years, in part due to the increased use of electronic communication means. In Germany, the number of letters could decrease by up to 29% between 2010 and 2020. This poses the policy-relevant question of whether the universal postal service, which guarantees a postal service of the same quality for all citizens throughout the whole territory, can be maintained at the current quality level. There are, on the one hand, options for policy action within the existing European framework legislation; on the other hand, completely new regulatory models, which address physical, electronic and hybrid communication systems in an integrated way, also need to be discussed.
Non-Standard Models, Solar Neutrinos, and Large θ_{13}
Creators: name: Bonventre, R.
name: LaTorre, A.
name: Klein, J. R.
name: Gann, G. D. Orebi
name: Seibert, S.
name: Wasalski, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar neutrino experiments have yet to see directly the transition region between matter-enhanced and vacuum oscillations. The transition region is particularly sensitive to models of non-standard neutrino interactions and propagation. We examine several such non-standard models, which predict a lower-energy transition region and a flatter survival probability for the ^{8}B solar neutrinos than the standard large-mixing angle (LMA) model. We find that while some of the non-standard models provide a better fit to the solar neutrino data set, the large measured value of θ_{13} and the size of the experimental uncertainties lead to a low statistical significance for these fits. We have also examined whether simple changes to the solar density profile can lead to a flatter ^{8}B survival probability than the LMA prediction, but find that this is not the case for reasonable changes. We conclude that the data in this critical region is still too poor to determine whether any of these models, or LMA, is the best description of the data.
Dynamics in hybrid complex systems of switches and oscillators
Creators: name: Taylor, Dane
name: Fertig, Elana J.
name: Restrepo, Juan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While considerable progress has been made in the analysis of large systems containing a single type of coupled dynamical component (e.g., coupled oscillators or coupled switches), systems containing diverse components (e.g., both oscillators and switches) have received much less attention. We analyze large, hybrid systems of interconnected Kuramoto oscillators and Hopfield switches with positive feedback. In this system, oscillator synchronization promotes switches to turn on. In turn, when switches turn on they enhance the synchrony of the oscillators to which they are coupled. Depending on the choice of parameters, we find theoretically coexisting stable solutions with either (i) incoherent oscillators and all switches permanently off, (ii) synchronized oscillators and all switches permanently on, or (iii) synchronized oscillators and switches that periodically alternate between the on and off states. Numerical experiments confirm these predictions. We discuss how transitions between these steady state solutions can be onset deterministically through dynamic bifurcations or spontaneously due to finite-size fluctuations.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Self Configurable Re-link Establishment using Continuous Neighbor Discovery in Asynchronous Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Shreshtha, Rushikesh B.
name: Goudar, Rajeswari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Sensor network generally has a large number of sensor nodes that are deployed at some audited site. In most sensor networks the nodes are static. Nevertheless, node connectivity is subject to changes because of disruptions in wireless communication, transmission power changes, or loss of synchronization between neighbouring nodes, so there is a need to maintain synchronization between the neighbouring nodes in order to have efficient communication. Hence even after a sensor is aware of its immediate neighbours, it must continuously maintain its view a process we call continuous neighbour discovery. In this proposed work we are maintaining synchronization between neighbouring nodes so that the sensor network will be always active.
Hawking radiation correlations in Bose Einstein condensates using quantum field theory in curved space
Creators: name: Anderson, Paul R.
name: Balbinot, Roberto
name: Fabbri, Alessandro
name: Parentani, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density density correlation function is computed for the Bogoliubov pseudoparticles created in a Bose-Einstein condensate undergoing a black hole flow. On the basis of the gravitational analogy, the method used relies only on quantum field theory in curved spacetime techniques. A comparison with the results obtained by ab initio full condensed matter calculations is given, confirming the validity of the approximation used provided the profile of the flow varies smoothly on scales compared to the condensate healing length.
description: minor changes, references added, 38 pages, 14 figures
A Haagerup Inequality for $\tA_1\times\tA_1$ and $\tA_2$ Buildings
Creators: name: Ramagge, Jacqui
name: Robertson, Guyan
name: Steger, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F32, 20E42, 22D25, 57M07

description: Haagerup's inequality for convolvers on free groups may be interpreted as a result on $\tA_1$ buildings, i.e. trees. Here are proved analogous inequalities for discrete groups acting freely on the vertices of $\tA_1\times\tA_1$ and $\tA_2$ buildings. The results apply in particular to groups of type-rotating automorphisms acting simply transitively on the vertices of such buildings. These results provide the first examples of higher rank groups with property (RD).
Unimodular triangulations of dilated 3-polytopes
Creators: name: Santos, Francisco
name: Ziegler, Günter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B10, 52B20

description: A seminal result in the theory of toric varieties, due to Knudsen, Mumford and Waterman (1973), asserts that for every lattice polytope $P$ there is a positive integer $k$ such that the dilated polytope $kP$ has a unimodular triangulation. In dimension 3, Kantor and Sarkaria (2003) have shown that $k=4$ works for every polytope. But this does not imply that every $k>4$ works as well. We here study the values of $k$ for which the result holds showing that: 1. It contains all composite numbers. 2. It is an additive semigroup. These two properties imply that the only values of $k$ that may not work (besides 1 and 2, which are known not to work) are $k\in\{3,5,7,11\}$. With an ad-hoc construction we show that $k=7$ and $k=11$ also work, except in this case the triangulation cannot be guaranteed to be "standard" in the boundary. All in all, the only open cases are $k=3$ and $k=5$.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures
Simulation of the CMS Resistive Plate Chambers
Creators: name: Hadjiiska, R.
name: Litov, L.
name: Pavlov, B.
name: Petkov, P.
name: Dimitrov, A.
name: Beernaert, K.
name: Cimmino, A.
name: Costantini, S.
name: Garcia, G.
name: Lellouch, J.
name: Marinov, A.
name: Ocampo, A.
name: Strobbe, N.
name: Thyssen, F.
name: Tytgat, M.
name: Verwilligen, P.
name: Yazgan, E.
name: Zaganidis, N.
name: Aleksandrov, A.
name: Genchev, V.
name: Iaydjiev, P.
name: Rodozov, M.
name: Shopova, M.
name: Sultanov, G.
name: Ban, Y.
name: Cai, J.
name: Xue, Z.
name: Ge, Y.
name: Li, Q.
name: Qian, S.
name: Avila, C.
name: Chaparro, L. F.
name: Gomez, J. P.
name: Moreno, B. Gomez
name: Oliveros, A. F. Osorio
name: Sanabria, J. C.
name: Assran, Y.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Abbrescia, M.
name: Colaleo, A.
name: Pugliese, G.
name: Loddo, F.
name: Calabria, C.
name: Maggi, M.
name: Benussi, L.
name: Bianco, S.
name: Colafranceschi, S.
name: Piccolo, D.
name: Carrillo, C.
name: Iorio, O.
name: Buontempo, S.
name: Paolucci, P.
name: Vitulo, P.
name: Berzano, U.
name: Gabusi, M.
name: Kang, M.
name: Lee, K. S.
name: Park, S. K.
name: Shin, S.
name: Kim, M. S.
name: Seo, H.
name: Goh, J.
name: Choi, Y.
name: Shoaib, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) muon subsystem contributes significantly to the formation of the trigger decision and reconstruction of the muon trajectory parameters. Simulation of the RPC response is a crucial part of the entire CMS Monte Carlo software and directly influences the final physical results. An algorithm based on the parametrization of RPC efficiency, noise, cluster size and timing for every strip has been developed. Experimental data obtained from cosmic and proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV have been used for determination of the parameters. A dedicated validation procedure has been developed. A good agreement between the simulated and experimental data has been achieved.
description: to be published in JINST
Climate Engineering. TAB-Fokus
Creators: name: Caviezel, Claudio
name: Revermann, Christoph
Publisher: name: Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung beim Deutschen Bundestag (TAB)
Year: 2014

description: Climate change is widely seen as the central environmental issue of our time. However, climate protection measures implemented to date are showing little impact. The question has been raised of whether direct technological interventions in the climate system – termed climate engineering – could be a suitable means of limiting the rise in temperature. Policy-makers and society would face major challenges with regard to decisions about the development and application of climate engineering, especially as the entire world population would potentially have to deal with the possible consequences of these measures. Decisions on the benefits of climate engineering therefore cannot be based solely on technological and scientific criteria or economic considerations. Assessment must also include ethical, legal and societal criteria.
Theories with Finite Green's Functions
Creators: name: Cahill, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The addition of certain nonrenormalizable terms to the usual action density of a free scalar field leads to nonrenormalizable theories whose exact euclidian and minkowskian Green's functions are less singular than those of the free theory. In some cases, they are finite. One may use lattice methods to extract physical information from these less-singular, nonrenormalizable theories.
description: 14 pages, no figures; extended the analysis to Green's functions in Minkowski space; tried to write more clearly; referred to an interesting paper by Boettcher and Bender
The dependence of the stability of hierarchical triple systems on the orbital inclination
Creators: name: Georgakarakos, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study numerically the effect of the initial mutual orbital inclination on the stability of hierarchical triple systems with initially circular orbits. Our aim is to investigate the possibility that the stability boundary may be independent of the orbital inclination for certain mass ratios. We integrate numerically the equations of motion of hierarchical triple systems with initially circular orbits and different orbital configurations. The mass ratios cover the range from 0.000001 to 1000000 and the initial mutual inclination angle varies from 0 to 180 degrees. The results from the numerical simulations show that for hierarchical triple systems with initially circular orbits and for the mass ratios we used, the initial mutual inclination angle does affect the stability boundary.
description: Accepted for publication in 'New Astronomy'
P-V criticality in the extended phase space of Gauss-Bonnet black holes in AdS space
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Cao, Li-Ming
name: Li, Li
name: Yang, Run-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $P-V$ criticality and phase transition in the extended phase space of charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes in anti-de Sitter space, where the cosmological constant appears as a dynamical pressure of the system and its conjugate quantity is the thermodynamic volume of the black hole. The black holes can have a Ricci flat ($k=0$), spherical ($k=1$), or hyperbolic ($k=-1$) horizon. We find that for the Ricci flat and hyperbolic Gauss-Bonnet black holes, no $P-V$ criticality and phase transition appear, while for the black holes with a spherical horizon, even when the charge of the black hole is absent, the $P-V$ criticality and the small black hole/large black hole phase transition will appear, but it happens only in $d=5$ dimensions; when the charge does not vanish, the $P-V$ criticality and the small black hole/large phase transition always appear in $d=5$ dimensions; in the case of $d\ge 6$, to have the $P-V$ criticality and the small black hole/large black hole phase transition, there exists an upper bound for the parameter $b=\widetildeα|Q|^{-2/(d-3)}$, where $\tilde α$ is the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient and $Q$ is the charge of the black hole. We calculate the critical exponents at the critical point and find that for all cases, they are the same as those in the van der Waals liquid-gas system.
description: 23 pages,9 figures
Climate Engineering. TAB-Fokus
Creators: name: Caviezel, Claudio
name: Revermann, Christoph
Publisher: name: Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung beim Deutschen Bundestag (TAB)
Year: 2014

description: Der Klimawandel wird vielfach als das zentrale Umweltproblem unserer Zeit angesehen. Bisherige Klimaschutzbemühungen zeigen jedoch kaum Wirkung. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob direkte technologische Eingriffe in das Klimasystem geeignet sein könnten, den Temperaturanstieg zu begrenzen – ein sogenanntes Climate Engineering. Entscheidungen über die Entwicklung und Anwendung von Climate Engineering würden Politik und Gesellschaft vor größte Herausforderungen stellen, zumal potenziell die gesamte Erdbevölkerung die möglichen Folgen der Maßnahmen zu tragen hätte. Über den Nutzen von Climate Engineering kann daher nicht allein aufgrund technologisch-naturwissenschaftlicher Kriterien oder ökonomischer Überlegungen entschieden werden. Erforderlich ist ebenso eine Bewertung nach ethischen, rechtlichen und gesellschaftspolitischen Kriterien.
The explanation of eclipses in Greco-Roman antiquity
Creators: name: Casazza, Roberto
name: Gangui, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search of a rational explanation of eclipses pervades the beginnings of philosophical and scientific thought. Within this intellectual frame, the knowledge of the "saros cycle" (a cycle of 18 years, 10 or 11 days and 1/3 of a day that separates two successive sun or moon eclipses of similar features), inherited by the Greeks from the Babylonians, favored important theoretical developments in the West. The purpose of this paper is to present, briefly and schematically, a) the ancient theorizations on the causes of eclipses, b) the range of predictability of eclipses in Antiquity, c) the warnings -transmitted by some classical writers- to those who want to observe in naked eyes a solar eclipse, and d) the popular beliefs and social practices upon the occurrence of unexpected eclipses in ancient times.
description: Article in Spanish, PDF document; Published version available at http://www.illcuncuyo.com.ar/
Weyl compatible tensors
Creators: name: Mantica, Carlo A.
name: Molinari, Luca G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53B20, 53C50 (primary), 83C20 (secondary)

description: We introduce the new algebraic property of Weyl compatibility for symmetric tensors and vectors. It is strictly related to Riemann compatibility, which generalizes the Codazzi condition while preserving much of its geometric implications. In particular it is shown that the existence of a Weyl compatible vector implies the Weyl tensor to be algebraically special, and it is a necessary and sufficient condition for the magnetic part to vanish. Some theorems (Derdzinski and Shen, Hall) are extended to the broader hypothesis of Weyl or Riemann compatibility. Weyl compatibility includes conditions that were investigated in the literature of general relativity (as McIntosh et al.). Hypersurfaces of pseudo Euclidean spaces provide a simple example of Weyl compatible Ricci tensor.
description: 14 pages. References and comments added
Mild COVID-19 infection associated with post-COVID-19 condition after 3 months – a questionnaire survey
Creators: name: Rach, Stefan
name: Kühne, Lisa
name: Zeeb, Hajo
name: Ahrens, Wolfgang
name: Haug, Ulrike
name: Pohlabeln, Hermann
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, can lead to post-COVID-19 condition, a secondary syndrome of persistent and new post-acute symptoms, but evidence on this syndrome is still scarce. In a questionnaire survey, residents of the city of Bremen (Germany) with verified SARS-CoV-2 infection were invited to answer questions (online questionnaire or interview) concerning symptoms experienced at the time of infection and at the time of questionnaire completion at least three months later. Main outcome of the analysis was the presence of a post-COVID-19 condition at the time of the interview, defined as the presence of at least two of three leading symptoms: fatigue, breathing difficulties, or cognitive problems. A post-COVID-19 condition was more likely to be reported if respondents had, at the time of infection, suffered from fatigue (OR 1.75; 95% CI: 1.00, 3.06), breathing difficulties (OR 4.02; 95% CI: 2.80, 5.77), cognitive symptoms (OR 2.98; 95% CI: 1.48, 6.02), or head- & bone aches (OR 2.06; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.42). The odds of developing a post-COVID-19 condition increased with the number of symptoms at infection. Females were more likely to report a post-COVID-19 condition (OR 1.54; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.24). Analyzing only non-hospitalized respondents changed results only slightly. Our study adds to growing evidence that even a mild course of COVID-19 poses a risk for developing a post-COVID-19 condition. Females and those with initial symptoms including fatigue, breathing difficulties, and cognitive symptoms seem more likely to also experience post COVID-19 symptoms several months after infection.KEY MESSAGESEven a mild course of COVID-19 poses a risk for developing a post-COVID-19 condition.Females seem more likely to develop a post-COVID-19 condition.Those with initial symptoms including fatigue, breathing difficulties, and cognitive symptoms seem more likely to develop a post-COVID-19 condition. Even a mild course of COVID-19 poses a risk for developing a post-COVID-19 condition. Females seem more likely to develop a post-COVID-19 condition. Those with initial symptoms including fatigue, breathing difficulties, and cognitive symptoms seem more likely to develop a post-COVID-19 condition.
A waveguide overloaded cavity kicker for the HLS II longitudinal feedback system
Creators: name: Li, Wubin
name: Zhou, Zeran
name: Sun, Baogen
name: Wu, Fangfang
name: Xu, Wei
name: Lu, Ping
name: Yang, Yongliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the upgrade project of Hefei Light Source (HLS II), a new digital longitudinal bunch-by-bunch feedback system will be developed to suppress the coupled bunch instabilities in the storage ring effectively. We design a new waveguide overloaded cavity longitudinal feedback kicker as the feedback actuator. The beam pipe of the kicker is racetrack shape so as to avoid a transition part to the octagonal vacuum chamber. The central frequency and the bandwidth of the kicker have been simulated and optimized to achieve design goals by the HFSS code. The higher shunt impedance can be obtained by using a nose cone to reduce the feedback power requirement. Before the kicker cavity was installed in the storage ring, a variety of measurements were carried out to check its performance. All these results of simulation and measurement are presented.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures. The paper has been submitted to Chinese Physics C
Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection
Creators: name: Streethran, Nithiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: computer-aided design
paper-based microfluidics
animal disease diagnostics
point-of-care testing
lab-on-a-chip
biomedical applications

description: Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic devices for animal disease detection

by Nithiya Streethran (nmstreethran@gmail.com)

This was my undergraduate honours project at Heriot-Watt University.

https://github.com/nmstreethran/paper-based-microfluidics
D-BeONE.1.1 Report on the state of the art
Creators: name: INSA
name: NVI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OHEJP
BeONE

description: JRP24-FBZSH9-BEONE WP1 deliverable 1.1. WP Leader: Vítor Borges (INSA) Other contributors: Verónica Mixão (INSA), Miguel Pinto (INSA), Karin Lagesen (NVI), Eve Zeyl Fiskebeck (NVI), Hakon Kaspersen (NVI), Camilla Sekse (NVI), Thomas H. A. Haverkamp (NVI) and other members of the ORION project. As a joint collaboration with the ORION project within the One Health EJP, the BeONE project WP1-T1 has contributed to the compilation of an online HandBook covering the current state of the art of WGS-typing methods for One Health surveillance. Such a resource is expected to contribute to the success not only of the other BeONE WPs, but also, at a broader scale, to the scientific community and all the staff from public health institutions which are now transitioning between technologies. The One Health Sequencing for Surveillance HandBook is available through the link https://oh-sfs-handbook.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ and is currently divided in the following sections: “Sequencing technologies”, covering technical aspects of the currently available sequencing platforms; “Bioinformatics methods”, providing an overview of the different steps of a bioinformatics pipeline for WGS data analysis (from file formats and quality control to genome assembly); “Single isolate typing methods and resources”, providing an overview of topics such as MLST, Serotyping, Virulence and AMR detection, among others; “Clustering methods and resources”, covering topics such as cgMLST, SNP and allele calling, and phylogenetics; “Compute infrastructure”, covering the computational aspects of WGS data analysis, from workflows managers to the available platforms for the analysis; “Species specific toolchains”, providing a historical revision of the different typing methods used for L. monocytogenes, S. enterica, E. coli and C. jejuni until the advent of WGS. This section also covers the WGS data analysis specificities of each of these species, from their specific culture needs, DNA extraction protocols, bioinformatics pipelines (cgMLST and SNP-based pipelines), to their outbreak definition thresholds, medically relevant genes recognized thus far and the state of their One Health surveillance; “Challenges for One Health Surveillance”, providing an overview of the relevance of implementing enhanced One Health surveillance frameworks, and exploring the challenges that are associated with the demanding WGS technological transition at inter-sectoral level.
D9.1 - Impact assessment design
Creators: name: Unterfrauner, Elisabeth
name: Fabian, Claudia Magdalena
name: Tschank, Juliet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Deliverable D9.1 describes the REINFORCE evaluation and impact assessment framework, with specific adaptations for each demonstrator case. The evaluation strategy follows the impact logic model and presents the methodology of how the processes, outputs, outcomes, and impacts of the project will be evaluated. An overview of the planned evaluation instruments for evaluating the impact of citizen science on the participating citizens, as well as the continuous monitoring of the individual demonstrator activities is explained in detail.
First US Performance Measurements of Next Generation 3D USCT 2.5 Transducers
Creators: name: Zapf, M.
name: Angerer, M.
name: Hohlfeld, K.
name: Gebhardt, S.
name: Gemmeke, H.
name: Ruiter, N.V.
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2021

description: The KIT’s 3D Ultrasound Computer Tomography (USCT) II system has a multistatic setup of 2041 ultrasound transducers with approx. 1.5 MHz 6dB bandwidth and 36◦ 3 dB opening angle for 2.5 MHz. To increase the region of interest for a next USCT generation, the opening angle should be increased to approx. 60◦ and the bandwidth doubled. To increase the opening angle the size of the transducer elements was decreased to approximately half the size. A circular aperture was chosen for homogenicity of the radiation pattern in 3D. The transducer design utilizes piezo-fibres by the established Fraunhofer IMT piezo-fibre composite technology. The fibres were fabricated from PZT powder using the polysulfone spinning process. 17 fibres were positioned with a mechanical mask and filled with a matrix of epoxy. From this rod piezo composite discs were sawed and polarized. Electrodes were generated by silver-filled epoxy adhesive on the top and bottom side. Materials for acoustic backing is a Tungsten-Polyurethane composite and for acoustic matching ia aluminium oxide composite material (TMM4). Ultrasound characteristics were evaluated quantitatively with a Onda HNC-400 hydrophone in a 3-axis water tank for a randomly selected sample transducer (see Fig. a.)). Characteristics evaluated were the pressure field as function over frequency and angle in the far-field (see Fig. b.)), following the use-case. For excitation a linear encoded chirp was used, for SNR improvements averaging of measurements (64 to 256 times) was conducted. The analysis compensated for the hydrophon’s frequency and angular damping characteristics. The presented results show that the desired characteristics were mostly achieved: the 6 dB bandwidth could be vastly improved by roughly 200% (see Fig. d.)). The 6 dB pressure opening angle was approx. 50◦ (see Fig. c.)), not completly fullfilling the simulated expectations, an improvement by 31% was achieved. The results are promising for the next 3D USCT III generation.
Probing holographic semi-local quantum liquids with D-branes
Creators: name: Pang, Da-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of probe D-branes in $(d+2)$-dimensional background with general semi-locality. The background is characterized by a parameter $η$ and is conformal to $AdS_{2}\times\mathbb{R}^{d}$. We discuss thermodynamics of the probe D-branes and find that the entropy density is vanishing in the extremal limit, which indicates that the background may correspond to the true ground state of the system. We also clarify the conditions under which the specific heat matches to the behavior of a Fermi liquid or a Bose liquid. We calculate the current-current and density-density retarded Green's functions, from which we can obtain the AC conductivity and the zero sound mode. The AC conductivity scales as $ω^{-1}$ when $d/η<2$ and $ω^{-2η/d}$ when $d/η>2$, while it contains a logarithmic term in $ω$ when $d/η=2$. We also observe that there is no quasi-particle excitation when $d/η\geq2$ and classify the conditions under which the quasi-particle description is valid when $d/η<2$.
description: 18 pages, typos corrected, to appear in PRD
Radial distribution function in a diffusion Monte Carlo simulation of a Fermion fluid between the ideal gas and the Jellium model
Creators: name: Fantoni, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, through the diffusion Monte Carlo method, a spin one-half fermion fluid, in the three dimensional Euclidean space, at zero temperature. The point particles, immersed in a uniform "neutralizing" background, interact with a pair-potential which can be continuously changed from zero to the Coulomb potential depending on a parameter $μ$. We determine the radial distribution functions of the system for various values of density, $μ$, and polarization. We discuss about the importance, in a computer experiment, of the choice of suitable estimators to measure a physical quantity. The radial distribution function is determined through the usual histrogram estimator and through an estimator determined via the use of the Hellmann and Feynman theorem. In a diffusion Monte Carlo simulation the latter route introduces a new bias to the measure of the radial distribution function due to the choice of the auxiliary function. This bias is independent from the usual one due to the choice of the trial wave function. A brief account of the results from this study were presented in a recent communication [R. Fantoni, Solid State Communications, {\bf 159}, 106 (2013)].
description: 39 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables