cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Late-time Radio Survey of Short GRBs at $z<0.5$: New Constraints on the Remnants of Neutron Star Mergers
Creators: name: Schroeder, Genevieve
name: Margalit, Ben
name: Fong, Wen-fai
name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Williams, Peter K. G.
name: Paterson, Kerry
name: Alexander, Kate D.
name: Laskar, Tanmoy
name: Goyal, Armaan V.
name: Berger, Edo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive, rapidly-spinning magnetar remnants produced as a result of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers may deposit a fraction of their energy into the surrounding kilonova ejecta, powering a synchrotron radio signal from the interaction of the ejecta with the circumburst medium. We present 6.0 GHz Very Large Array (VLA) observations of nine, low-redshift short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs; $z<0.5$) on rest-frame timescales of $\approx2.4-13.9$ yr following the bursts. We place $3σ$ limits on radio continuum emission of $F_ν\lesssim6-20\,μ$Jy at the burst positions, or $L_ν\lesssim(0.6-8.3)\times10^{28}$erg s$^{-1}$Hz$^{-1}$. Comparing these limits with new light curve modeling which properly incorporates relativistic effects, we obtain limits on the energy deposited into the ejecta of $E_{ej}\lesssim(0.6-6.7)\times 10^{52}$erg ($E_{ej}\lesssim(1.8-17.6)\times10^{52}$erg) for an ejecta mass of $0.03\,M_{\odot}$ ($0.1\,M_{\odot}$). We present a uniform re-analysis of 27 SGRBs with $5.5-6.0$ GHz observations, and find that $\gtrsim50\%$ of SGRBs did not form stable magnetar remnants in their mergers. Assuming SGRBs are produced by BNS mergers drawn from the Galactic BNS population plus an additional component of high-mass GW194025-like mergers in a fraction $f_{GW190425}$ of cases, we place constraints on the maximum mass of a non-rotating neutron star (NS) ($M_{TOV}$), finding $M_{TOV}\lesssim2.23\,M_{\odot}$ for $f_{GW190425}=0.4$; this limit increases for larger values of $f_{GW190425}$. The detection (or lack thereof) of radio remnants in untargeted surveys such as the VLA Sky Survey (VLASS) could provide more stringent constraints on the fraction of mergers that produce stable remnants. If $\gtrsim30-300$ radio remnants are discovered in VLASS, this suggests that SGRBs are a biased population of BNS mergers in terms of the stability of the remnants they produce.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
The short- and long-run effects of the vector grocery store consumer price information program
Creators: name: Boynton, Robert D.
name: Perloff, Jeffrey M.
name: Boynton, Robert D.
name: Perloff, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: consumer education
subject: grocery trade
subject: prices

description: This paper uses a theory of the way information affects average prices, the price distribution across stores, and the degree of concentration within the retail grocery industry to estimate the effects of Vector Enterprise's consumer information program. Since 1972, Vector has ShOl1n each grocery chain's prices on cable television in many cities. By providing consumers with a relatively easy and inexpensive method of comparing prices across grocery chains, Vector's information program has increased the competitiveness of the retail grocery industry in those cities. The first section of this paper presents a summary of the theoretical model used in this study. The problems of using indexes to provide information about grocery prices are described in the second section. The third section summarizes the major results of previous empirical studies. In the fourth section, Vector's information program is described. The effects of the program on average prices are examined in the fifth section. The sixth section analyzes the impact of the program on the degree of concentration within the retail grocery industry·. The effects of the program on the distribution of prices across stores are examined in the seventh section. The last section presents conclusions and suggestions for further research.
Essential software structure through implicit context
Creators: name: Walker, Robert James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Software reuse and evolution are problematic. Modules tend to express a great deal of knowledge about the external modules, large-scale structure, and behaviour of the systems in which they reside. As a result, the reusability of individual modules is decreased as they are too dependent on other modules. Likewise, the evolvability of systems is decreased as they are too dependent on the details of individual modules. However, we must have some dependences between our modules, or they would not be able to operate together. Not all dependences are equally bad, then. Each module can be seen to have a minimal core, an essential structure, beyond which it makes no sense to reduce. This essential structure describes the basic responsibilities of that module, and its expectations of the responsibilities of external modules. The thesis of this dissertation is that expressing the essential structure of our software modules, through the use of implicit context, makes those modules easier to reuse and the systems containing those modules easier to evolve. Implicit context revolves around the notion that we must abandon the need for all modules to be defined with respect to an absolute frame of reference. Instead, modules can be defined relative to a reference frame of convenience. In order for modules to work together, the inconsistencies in their independent world views must be reconciled when they attempt to communicate. Implicit context provides the novel mechanism of contextual dispatch to perform this reconciliation. When any communication passes into or out of a module, that communication may be rerouted, altered, replaced, or discarded altogether, as the situation dictates. This translation process sometimes requires access to information about the communication history of the system; objects previously passed can be retrieved, or the appropriate recipient of a message can be determined. The dissertation describes a prototype tool that supports the application of implicit context to Java source code. The thesis is validated by applying this tool in two case studies: comparing the evolution of an implicit context-based implementation of an FTP server to an object-oriented implementation; and reusing the Outline View of the Eclipse integrated development environment in a different application, even though the Outline View was not designed for such reuse.
Theoretical insights into the electron affinity of manganese superhalogen compounds; NBO, QTAIM and energy decomposition analysis
Creators: name: H. Farrokhpour
name: M. Yousefvand
name: H. Hadadzadeh
name: H. Jouypazadeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Superhalogen properties of MnX4n− (X = O, S, and Se; n = 0−7) have been interpreted with the aid of quantum chemical analysis including QTAIM and NBO to determine the main physical factors responsible for the positive electron affinity (EA) of these compounds. When QTAIM and NBO analyses were not able to provide a reason for the positive EA, the energy decomposition analysis was performed. In this regard, new insights into the EA of manganese superhalogen compounds were obtained, especially using NBO analysis. The relationship between EA and the occupancy of Lewis and non-Lewis natural orbitals, stabilisation energy (E2), delocalisation energy (DE), and topological parameters of the critical points of the Mn−X bonds were investigated.
Non-Gaussian Resistance Fluctuations in Disordered Materials
Creators: name: Pennetta, C.
name: Alfinito, E.
name: Reggiani, L.
name: Ruffo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distribution of resistance fluctuations of conducting thin films with different levels of internal disorder. The film is modeled as a resistor network in a steady state determined by the competition between two biased processes, breaking and recovery of the elementary resistors. The fluctuations of the film resistance are calculated by Monte Carlo simulations which are performed under different bias conditions, from the linear regime up to the threshold for electrical breakdown. Depending on the value of the external current, on the level of disorder and on the size of the system, the distribution of the resistance fluctuations can exhibit significant deviations from Gaussianity. As a general trend, a size dependent, non universal distribution is found for systems with low and intermediate disorder. However, for strongly disordered systems, close to the critical point of the conductor-insulator transition, the non-Gaussianity persists when the size is increased and the distribution of resistance fluctuations is well described by the universal Bramwell-Holdsworth-Pinton distribution.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, 2th. Int. SPIE Symp. on Fluctuations and Noise, Maspalomas (Spain) 25-28 May, 2004
Introducing PyCross: PyCloudy Rendering Of Shape Software for pseudo 3D ionisation modelling of nebulae
Creators: name: Fitzgerald, K.
name: Harvey, E. J
name: Keaveney, N.
name: Redman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research into the processes of photoionised nebulae plays a significant part in our understanding of stellar evolution. It is extremely difficult to visually represent or model ionised nebula, requiring astronomers to employ sophisticated modelling code to derive temperature, density and chemical composition. Existing codes are available that often require steep learning curves and produce models derived from mathematical functions. In this article we will introduce PyCross: PyCloudy Rendering Of Shape Software. This is a pseudo 3D modelling application that generates photoionisation models of optically thin nebulae, created using the Shape software. Currently PyCross has been used for novae and planetary nebulae, and it can be extended to Active Galactic Nuclei or any other type of photoionised axisymmetric nebulae. Functionality, an operational overview, and a scientific pipeline will be described with scenarios where PyCross has been adopted for novae (V5668 Sagittarii (2015) & V4362 Sagittarii (1994)) and a planetary nebula (LoTr1). Unlike the aforementioned photoionised codes this application does not require any coding experience, nor the need to derive complex mathematical models, instead utilising the select features from Cloudy/PyCloudy and Shape. The software was developed using a formal software development lifecycle, written in Python and will work without the need to install any development environments or additional python packages. This application, Shape models and PyCross archive examples are freely available to students, academics and research community on GitHub for download (https://github.com/karolfitzgerald/PyCross_OSX_App).
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Oxyscelio cordis Burks
Creators: name: Mo, Wen-Hui
name: Chen, Hua-Yan
name: Johnson, Norman F.
name: Pang, Hong
name: Ma, Li
name: Liu, Jing-Xian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Scelionidae
Oxyscelio
Oxyscelio cordis

description: Oxyscelio cordis Burks
http://zoobank.org/ ED24C4B5-414C-4D6A-8713-14766B7DDB19
Figures 11–12, 53–62
 Oxyscelio cordis Burks, 2013: 14, 21, 87 (original description, keyed, placed in crateris species group); Johnson et al. 2013: 13 (new distribution record for China).
 Material Examined. Other material: (1 female, 1 male) CHINA: 1 female, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan, 17. V.2009, Manman Wang, SCAU 200901544 (SCAU); 1 male, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan, 16. V.2009, Manman Wang, SCAU 200906462 (SCAU).
 Comments. This species was originally described based on a singleton female (Burks et al. 2013a). Here we record the male: Body length 3.98 mm (n=1); A5 tyloid: carina-like, not expanded; A11: longer than broad; Median tooth of frontal depression: absent; Median lobe of T1: with 4 longitudinal carinae; Metasomal apex: with acuminate lateral corners.
description: Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 265, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285
title: Studies of Poliovirus Virus Like Particle assembly in foreign expression systems
Creators: name: Uchida, Mai
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: Empty poliovirus particles, VLPs, consisting of capsid proteins VP0, VP1 and VP3, assemble into an icosahedral structure during normal poliovirus infection and represent a possible vaccine candidate. Similarly synthesis of capsid proteins in recombinant expression systems leads to VLP assembly and represents a potential infection free vaccine product. The poliovirus polyprotein P1 is cleaved by the virus encoded 3C or 3CD protease to derive the structural proteins. This work explored an expression cassette comprising the P1 precursor protein of poliovirus Mahoney (wildtype and thermostable variants), MEF-1 (wildtype) and Saukett (thermostable) and an adjusted 3C protease from enterovirus 71 to generate P1 cleaved polio proteins. Introduction of vectors containing the cassette into insect cells and yeast cells demonstrated successful P1 cleavage to molecules agreeing in size with polio VP0, VP3 and VP1. Sucrose velocity gradient analysis of recombinant poliovirus antigen from cell lysates indicated antigen in the fractions typical of wildtype virus particles and TEM imaging for the peak gradient fractions revealed empty poliovirus particles. The antigenicity of the empty particles was characterised to be H rather than N in most cases. Capsid stability improvements were studied by introducing mutations in the P1 coding region or by the addition of antiviral compounds. These modifications allowed continued P1 processing but the expression level was often modified confirming these modifications contribute to the entire capsid stability and consequently empty capsid yield. Novel modifications at the N-terminus of P1 led to higher levels of synthesis suggesting further engineering is yet possible.
RiboBP_SPIRIT Checklist.docx
Creators: name: Modou Jobe
name: Ward, Mary
name: Bakary Sonko
name: Muhammad, Abdul Khalie
name: McNulty, Helene
name: Prentice, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: SPIRIT checklist: RiboBP trial
Quantum Cellular Automata, Tensor Networks, and Area Laws
Creators: name: Piroli, Lorenzo
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Cellular Automata are unitary maps that preserve locality and respect causality. We identify them, in any dimension, with simple tensor networks (PEPU) whose bond dimension does not grow with the system size. As a result, they satisfy an area law for the entanglement entropy they can create. We define other classes of non-unitary maps, the so-called quantum channels, that either respect causality or preserve locality. We show that, whereas the latter obey an area law for the amount of quantum correlations they can create, as measured by the quantum mutual information, the former may violate it. We also show that neither of them can be expressed as tensor networks with a bond dimension that is independent of the system size.
description: 5+2 pages, 2 figures; v3: minor revision
Oxyscelio flabelli Burks
Creators: name: Mo, Wen-Hui
name: Chen, Hua-Yan
name: Johnson, Norman F.
name: Pang, Hong
name: Ma, Li
name: Liu, Jing-Xian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Scelionidae
Oxyscelio
Oxyscelio flabelli

description: Oxyscelio flabelli Burks
http://zoobank.org/ 8AB217B0-511B-432F-BD59-E6B267AC1C9D
Figures 101–106
 Oxyscelio flabelli Burks, 2013: 18, 23, 123 (original description, keyed, placed in ogive species group).
 Material Examined. Other material:(1 female) CHINA: 1 female, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Jinghong, 22°00.761’N 100°247’E, 31.VII.2003, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3040600 (SCAU).
 Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Yunnan Province.
description: Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 275, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285
Willingness of Sri Lankan Farmers to pay for a Scheme to Conserve Elephants: An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Bandara, Ranjith
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Bandara, Ranjith
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Agricultural pest
subject: agricultural insurance
subject: Asian elephant
subject: economic valuation
subject: Elephas maximus
subject: farmers’ wildlife attitudes
subject: human-elephant conflict
subject: wildlife conservation

description: This paper explores the feasibility of adopting an integrated economic approach to raise farmers’ tolerance of the presence of elephants on their farming lands. Responses to this approach were sought from a sample of farmers in the areas affected by human elephant conflict in the northwestern province of Sri Lanka. Results from a contingent valuation survey of their willingness to pay for a scheme to conserve elephants are also reported. Two separate logit regression analyses were undertaken to examine the factors that influence the farmers’ responses for the payment principle question and their opinions on the integrated economic approach. Although found that the majority of the respondents expressed their willingness to pay for the proposed scheme and supported for the implementation of the integrated approach, we have insufficient data yet to determine if their support and financial contribution would be sufficient to set up this programme and also to predict its economic viability. Nevertheless, the overall finding of this study provides an improved economic assessment of the farmers’ attitudes towards the wild elephant in Sri Lanka. At the same time the study shows that, contrary to commonly held assumptions, farmers in this developing country, do support wildlife conservation.
Chiral phase transition and Anderson localization in the Instanton Liquid Model for QCD
Creators: name: Garcia-Garcia, Antonio M.
name: Osborn, James C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum and eigenmodes of the QCD Dirac operator in a gauge background given by an Instanton Liquid Model (ILM) at temperatures around the chiral phase transition. Generically we find the Dirac eigenvectors become more localized as the temperature is increased. At the chiral phase transition, both the low lying eigenmodes and the spectrum of the QCD Dirac operator undergo a transition to localization similar to the one observed in a disordered conductor. This suggests that Anderson localization is the fundamental mechanism driving the chiral phase transition. We also find an additional temperature dependent mobility edge (separating delocalized from localized eigenstates) in the bulk of the spectrum which moves toward lower eigenvalues as the temperature is increased. In both regions, the origin and the bulk, the transition to localization exhibits features of a 3D Anderson transition including multifractal eigenstates and spectral properties that are well described by critical statistics. Similar results are obtained in both the quenched and the unquenched case though the critical temperature in the unquenched case is lower. Finally we argue that our findings are not in principle restricted to the ILM approximation and may also be found in lattice simulations.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
The Public's Knowledge of and Support for Conservation of Australia's Tree-Kangaroos
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Australia’s tropical wildlife
subject: conservation policy
subject: contingent valuation
subject: Dendrolagus bennettianus
subject: Dendrolagus lumholtzi
subject: knowledge and conservation
subject: tree-kangaroos.

description: After providing some brief background on Dendrolagus species in Australia, two consecutive surveys of Brisbane’s residents are used to assess public knowledge of tree-kangaroos and the stated degree of support for their conservation in Australia. The responses of participants in Survey I are based on their pre-survey knowledge of wildlife. The same additional set of participants completed Survey II after being provided with information on all the wildlife species mentioned in Survey I. Changes in the attitudes of respondents and their degree of support for the protection and conservation of Australia’s tree-kangaroos are measured, including changes in their contingent valuations and stated willingness to provide financial support for such conservation. Reasons for wanting to protect tree-kangaroos are specified and analyzed. Furthermore, changes that occur in the relative importance of these reasons with increased knowledge are also examined. Support for the conservation of tree-kangaroos is found to increase with the additional knowledge supplied. Furthermore, support for the conservation of Australia’s less well-known tropical mammals is shown to increase relative to better known mammals (icons) present in temperate areas, such as koalas and red kangaroos with this increased knowledge. Possible implications of the results for government conservation policies in Australia are examined.
Ecotourism/Wildlife based Tourism as Contributor to Nature Conservation with Reference to Vanni, Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: economics
subject: ecotourism
subject: local communities
subject: nature conservation
subject: Sri Lanka
subject: wildlife-based tourism.

description: After discussing definitions of ecotourism, outlines possible economic and conservational benefits from developing ecotourism or wildlife-based tourism. Identifies possible economic benefits for local communities but also outlines possible economic costs to such communities. Observations are made on the potential of developing ecotourism in the Giant’s Tank/Mannar area. A sufficient market does not always exist for wildlife-based tourism to make it economically viable. Therefore, market analysis should be undertaken before promoting the development of wildlife-based tourism in a locality. A checklist is provided to give some guidance in market appraisal. It is observed that even non-consumptive wildlife-based tourism can have adverse environmental consequences and these are listed. Care is needed to avoid these negative consequences and to ensure that local communities do in fact obtain adequate economic benefits from the development of wildlife-based tourism.
Observation of modulation instability and rogue breathers on stationary periodic waves
Creators: name: Xu, Gang
name: Chabchoub, Amin
name: Pelinovsky, Dmitry E.
name: Kibler, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present both theoretical description and experimental observation of the modulation instability process and related rogue breathers in the case of stationary periodic background waves, namely cnoidal and dnoidal envelopes. Despite being well-known solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, the stability of such background waves has remained unexplored experimentally until now, unlike the fundamental plane wave. By means of two experimental setups, namely, in nonlinear optics and hydrodynamics, we report on quantitative measurements of spontaneous modulation instability gain seeded by input random noise, as well as the formation of rogue breather solutions induced by a coherent perturbation. Our results confirm the generalization of modulation instability when more complex background waves are involved.
Visitor Profiles and Environmental Attributes, especially of Birds, Attracting Visitors to Lamington National Park: Tourist Attitudes and Economic Issues
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Birds and tourism
subject: economic impact
subject: ecotourism
subject: entry fees
subject: Lamington National Park
subject: recreational parks
subject: tourism economics
subject: wildlife-based tourism

description: Uses a sample of 622 day and overnight visitors to the O’ Reilly’s/Green Mountains site of Lamington National Park, Queensland, Australia, to identify their socio-economic and other pertinent characteristics and the main reasons and attributes that attract them to the site. Particular attention is given to birds and their attributes as attractions. The primary economic injection accruing locally as a result of visits is examined and the difference that the presence of birds makes to local expenditure by visitors is explored. The extent of support for and objection to the introduction of a fee for entering Lamington National Park is estimated. The many suggestions received from visitors for environmental improvements at this site are discussed. It is suggested that unless a way can be found to regulate the number of visitors to this site and obtain extra funds to finance improvements at this site, the magnitude of many of these problems will grow. This will necessitate a fresh look at the desirability or otherwise for charging entry fees to Lamington National Park.
Wildlife Damage, Insurance/Compensation for Farmers and Conservation: Sri Lankan Elephants as a Case
Creators: name: Bandara, Ranjith
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Bandara, Ranjith
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public support
subject: agricultural insurance/compensation
subject: Asian elephant
subject: human-elephant conflict
subject: wildlife conservation.

description: The interference with agriculture has been recognised as the main cause for the current conflict between farmers and wild elephants in Sri Lanka, as elsewhere in the Asian elephant range. Thus compensating farmers for the damages caused by elephants is essential, if this endangered species is to survive in the long run. This paper explores the practicality of establishing an improved publicly funded insurance/compensation scheme to recompense farmers for the elephant damages. It does so by analysing results from two contingent valuation surveys undertaken in Sri Lanka. We find that possible public support of farmers plus urban dwellers significantly exceeds the financial requirement of the insurance scheme proposed in this study for perpetuity. The article also shows that it is often inappropriate from an economic viewpoint to analyse crop insurance as if it only involves the insurance of a private good because important positive externalities can arise from ‘crop’ damages by wildlife, e.g. elephants. The use of agricultural land by some species is essential for their long-term survival and this is often positively valued by the community as a whole
Towards Adelic Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Goran S.
name: Nesic, Ljubisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A motivation of using noncommutative and nonarchimedean geometry on very short distances is given. Besides some mathematical preliminaries, we give a short introduction in adelic quantum mechanics. We also recall to basic ideas and tools embedded in q-deformed and noncommutative quantum mechanics. A rather fundamental approach, called deformation quantization, is noted. A few relations between noncommutativity and nonarchimedean spaces as well as similarities between corresponding quantum theories on them are pointed out. An extended Moyal product in a proposed form of adelic noncommutative quantum mechanics is considered. We suggest some question for future investigations.
description: 8 pages, Talk presented at the 8th Adriatic Meeting, "Particle Physics in the new Millennium", (Dubrovnik, Croatia)
Stability of topological neutron stars
Creators: name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor-multi-scalar theories (TMST) are among the most natural generalizations of Einstein's theory, they are mathematically self-consistent and free from pathologies. They pass through all the known observations but contrary to standard scalar-tensor theories, TMST offer extremely rich spectrum of solutions and allow for large deviations from general relativity. One of the most interesting objects in these theories are the topological neutron stars. The main goal in the present paper is to study their radial stability since many branches of solutions can exist even for a fixed value of the topological charge. It turns out that only one of these branches is stable for each value of the topological charge while all the rest are unstable. The stable branch is exactly the one that spans from small to large neutron star masses having as well moderate values of the radii in agreement with the observations. As expected, it becomes unstable at the maximum of the mass. The frequencies of the radial modes are examined and it turns out that in most cases the mode frequencies are larger than the general relativistic ones and they increase with the increase of the topological charge. All this shows that the topological neutron stars are viable astrophysical objects that should be explored further in order to determine their observational manifestations.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
First-principles perspectives on detection properties of sulphur mustard gas using novel electroresistive ϵ-Arsenene nanosheet device
Creators: name: R. Bhuvaneswari
name: J. Princy Maria
name: V. Nagarajan
name: R. Chandiramouli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The feasibility of using ϵ-Arsenene (ϵ-As) nanosheet device to detect the target vapour, 2-chloroethyl chloromethyl sulphide (one of sulphur mustard gas molecule) is investigated in the research by applying density functional theory method. The firm nature of ϵ-As nanosheet is verified using formation energy, and the electronic features are estimated for the pristine and target vapour adsorbed ϵ-As sheets. In addition, the adsorption attributes are computed to resolve the most preferred site of target vapour adsorption. Moreover, the transmission and current–voltage characteristics are explored to validate the modification in the resistivity and conductivity of ϵ-As device upon adsorption of the target vapour. Furthermore, the selectivity of ϵ-As sheets towards humidity, CO and CO2 are also studied and ϵ-As sheets are highly selective to sulphur mustard gas molecules. The properties examined emphasise the employment of ϵ-As nanosheet molecular device to act as a chemo-sensor towards the target vapour, 2-chloroethyl chloromethyl sulphide.
Open-Cycle Hatcheries, Tourism and Conservation of Sea Turtles: Economic and Ecological Analysis
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: ecological economics
subject: nature conservation
subject: sea turtles
subject: ranching
subject: developing countries
subject: Sri Lanka
subject: sea turtle hatcheries
subject: tourism

description: Considers the role that tourism-based sea turtle-hatcheries can play in conserving populations of sea turtles by combining economic analysis of markets with ecological parameters. Background is provided on the nature and development of such hatcheries in developing countries, giving particular attention to Sri Lanka. The modelling provided helps with the assessment of the impacts of turtle hatcheries on the conservation of sea turtles and enables ecological consequences of tourism, based on such hatcheries, to be better appreciated than in the absence of such modelling. The results demonstrate that sea turtle hatcheries that operate for tourist purposes can make a positive contribution to sea turtle conservation, but this depends on the manner in which they are conducted. Possible negative effects are also identified
Attitudes to entry fees to national parks: results and policy implications from a Queensland case study
Creators: name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Entry fees
subject: national parks
subject: overseas and Australian visitors
subject: attitudes to ‘user-pays’ principle
subject: Lamington National Park
subject: policy implications
subject: conservation benefits

description: Examines visitor attitudes and whether visitors are willing to pay to enter Lamington National Park and under what circumstances they would do so. First a sample of visitors is asked a general (normative) question as to whether visitors should pay to visit Lamington National Park and in another question (positive) they are asked whether they would be more willing to pay if the money collected would be invested in the park to improve visitor facilities and for conservation work. The results show that visitors are more willing to accept the ‘user-pays’ principle if the money will be used for the benefit of the national park and its visitors. It was found that foreigners are more in support for a ‘user-pay’ fee than Australians, and among Australians, those visitors from Queensland are the least willing to accept the idea of a user-pay fee to enter the park. The results indicate that if visitors can be shown the benefits (both for visitors and for conservation) of charging an entry fee, then visitors are more likely to support such a concept than when they are unaware of the benefits of a user-fee. The study shows that on average foreigners are willing to pay more than Australians. Finally, the regression results identify significant factors influencing visitors’ attitudes and suggested amounts to visit the national park.
Integral Lattices in TQFT
Creators: name: Gilmer, Patrick M.
name: Masbaum, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R56

description: We find explicit bases for naturally defined lattices over a ring of algebraic integers in the SO(3) TQFT-modules of surfaces at roots of unity of odd prime order. Some applications relating quantum invariants to classical 3-manifold topology are given.
description: 31 pages, v2: minor modifications. To appear in Ann. Sci. Ecole Norm. Sup
Beiträge zur kirchlichen Geographie Griechenlands im Mittelalter und in der neueren Zeit
Creators: name: Beēs, Nikos A.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 12 Nr. 2 (1915): Oriens christianus, Band 12, Heft 2
An interactive 3D geometric model acquisition and registration system
Creators: name: Liu, Yushuang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The acquisition of geometric information from real world objects has now become a major way of modeling complex scenes and environments. Unfortunately, most optical methods for geometric model acquisition require the combination of partial information from different view points, in order to obtain a single, coherent model. This, in turn, requires the registration of partial models into a common coordinate frame, a process that is usually done offline. As a consequence, holes due to undersampling and missing information often cannot be detected until after the registration process. This thesis tries to solve the 3D registration problem using graphics hardware to achieve an interactive speed, so that online next-best-view planning and hole detection during the scanning process can be conducted. The system implemented realizes effective model reconstruction and refinement by interactively using a stereo camera setup and a hardware accelerated depth-map based registration algorithm. The emphasis is put on the hardware accelerated 3D range registration algorithm which can be categorized as a variant of the well known Iterated Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. This work contributes to the field of 3D geometric model acquisition in that it proposes a fast method that leverages the function and structure of modern graphics hardwares. Technically, graphics hardware is used i n two operations. The first is to compute a rigid transformation using modern graphics rendering pipeline. The second is to combine two rendered depth images to compute quickly the absolute difference of z-values of each projected points in the overlap region in the underlying two depth images, where the computation is used to obtain an error metric for a specific candidate transformation during numerical iteration. This error metric is based on depth images which are rendered by point-based rasterization. This system currently performs roughly one registration per second, and is therefore fast enough for on-the-fly evaluation by the user. Given more time, the same method is also capable of producing full geometric models at higher quality.
Constraints on electron-scattering interpretation of XENON1T excess
Creators: name: Chigusa, So
name: Endo, Motoi
name: Kohri, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the XENON1T experiment has observed an excess in the electronic recoil data in the recoil energy range of $1$-$7$ keV. One of the most favored new physics interpretations is electron scattering with a boosted particle with a velocity of $\sim 0.1$ and a mass of $\gtrsim 0.1\,\mathrm{MeV}$. If such a particle has a strong interaction with electrons, it may affect the standard scenario of cosmology or be observed at low-threshold direct detection experiments. We study various constraints, mainly focusing on those from the big-bang nucleosynthesis, supernova cooling, and direct detection experiments. We discuss the implication of these constraints on electron-scattering interpretation of the XENON1T excess.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Energy Balanced Localization-Free Cooperative Noise-Aware Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Qadir, Junaid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100510 Wireless Communications
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Owing to the harsh and unpredictable behavior of the sea channel, network protocols that combat the undesirable and challenging properties of the channel are of critical significance. Protocols addressing such challenges exist in literature. However, these protocols consume an excessive
amount of energy due to redundant packets transmission or have computational complexity by being dependent on the geographical positions of nodes. To address these challenges, this article designs two protocols for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). The first protocol, depth and noise-aware routing (DNAR), incorporates the extent of link noise in combination with the depth of a node to decide the next information forwarding candidate. However, it sends data over a single link and is, therefore, vulnerable to the harshness of the channel. Therefore, routing in a cooperative fashion is added to it that makes another scheme called cooperative DNAR (Co-DNAR), which
uses source-relay-destination triplets in information advancement. This reduces the probability of information corruption that would otherwise be sent over a single source-destination link. Simulations-backed results reveal the superior performance of the proposed schemes over some competitive schemes in consumed energy, packet advancement to destination, and network stability.
Carbon Tax and Emissions Transfer: a Spatial Analysis
Creators: name: Amidi, Sahar
name: Feizi, Rezgar
name: Nunez Rocha, Thais
name: Rabaud, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: With the rising role of globalization, assessing the impacts of carbon taxation on emissions embodied in trade becomes a key question. Our contribution consists of examining the effect of the carbon tax on emissions embodied in trade, in the framework of the input-output tables. We use variation in the economic sector of each country to first, identify the most and least polluting sectors, and second, investigate the spatial correlation due to carbon taxes in the emission embodied in trade using the SDA (structural decomposition analysis), MRIO (multi-regional input-output model), and spatial econometric models, for 56 sectors and 43 countries (32 OECD and 11 Non-OECD) from 2000 to 2014. Our findings show the “Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply” as the highest emitter sector. When the carbon tax is imposed in OECD countries, emissions embodied in exports (EEE) to and imports (EEI) from neighboring countries increase by 7.4 percent and 83.2 percent respectively, For Non-OECD countries, the results are 20.7 percent for exports and 79 percent for imports. Our policy recommendation is to coordinate the level of tax at least by region in order to avoid an increase in EEE.
A partial wave analysis of the $π^- π^- π^+$ and $π^- π^0 π^0$ systems and the search for a $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ meson
Creators: name: Dzierba, A. R.
name: Mitchell, R.
name: Scott, E.
name: Smith, P.
name: Swat, M.
name: Teige, S.
name: Szczepaniak, A.
name: Denisov, S. P.
name: Dorofeev, V.
name: Kachaev, I.
name: Lipaev, V.
name: Popov, A.
name: Ryabchikov, D. I.
name: Bodyagin, V.
name: Demianov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A partial wave analysis (PWA) of the $π^- π^- π^+$ and $π^- π^0 π^0$ systems produced in the reaction $π^- p \to (3π)^-p$ at 18 GeV/$c$ was carried out using an \emph{isobar} model assumption. This analysis is based on 3.0M $π^- π^0 π^0$ events and 2.6M $π^- π^-π^+$ events and shows production of the $a_1(1260)$, $a_2(1320)$, $π_2(1670)$ and $a_4(2040)$ resonances. Results of detailed studies of the stability of partial wave fits are presented. An earlier analysis of 250K $π^- π^- π^+$ events from the same experiment showed possible evidence for a $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ exotic meson with a mass of $\sim$1.6 GeV/$c^2$ decaying into $ρπ$. In this analysis of a higher statistics sample of the $(3π)^-$ system in two charged modes we find no evidence of an exotic meson.
description: Submitted to Physical Review D
Absence of saturation for finite injected currents in axially symmetric cavity diode
Creators: name: Biswas, Debabrata
name: Kumar, Raghwendra
name: Puri, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Child-Langmuir law is investigated numerically using a fully electromagnetic particle-in-cell code for a closed axially symmetric diode. It is found that the average current transmitted to the anode increases with the injected current even after the formation of virtual cathode in both the non-relativistic and relativistic cases. The increase is found to be a power law. In other words, the time averaged fraction $f$ of electrons reaching the anode varies with the input current as, $f\sim J_{\rm IN}^{-β}$ where $β< 1$. In contrast, for an infinite parallel plate diode, $f \sim J_{\rm IN}^{-1}$. The possibility of asymptotic saturation is also discussed.
description: 13 figures
Use and non-use values of wild Asian elephants: A total economic valuation approach
Creators: name: Bandara, Ranjith
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Bandara, Ranjith
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Asian elephant
subject: endangered species
subject: total economic value
subject: non-consumptive use value
subject: contingent valuation
subject: Sri Lanka

description: The contingent valuation method is often used for valuing environmental goods possessing use as well as non-use values. This paper investigates the relative importance of these values in relation to the existence of the wild Asian elephant. It does so by analysing results from a contingent valuation survey of a sample of urban residents living in three selected housing schemes in Colombo. We find that the major proportion of the respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation of wild elephants is attributable to the non-use values of the elephant. However, differences in the relative importance of these values exist between those who visit national parks and those who do not. Differences in respondents’ WTP for conservation of elephants are found to be largely influenced by attitudinal and behavioural factors rather than socio-economic ones. We conclude that policymakers must recognise and take account of the importance of non-use values of the Asian elephant, if this endangered species is to survive in the long run. Nevertheless, the non-consumptive use value of elephants in Sri Lanka is also found to be substantial.