cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Holographic Floquet states in low dimensions (I)
Creators: name: Garbayo, Ana
name: Mas, Javier
name: Ramallo, Alfonso V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the response of a (2+1)-dimensional gauge theory to an external rotating electric field. In the strong coupling regime such system is formulated holographically in a top-down model constructed by intersecting D3- and D5-branes along 2+1 dimensions, in the quenched approximation, in which the D5-brane is a probe in the AdS_5 x S^5 geometry. The system has a non-equilibrium phase diagram with conductive and insulator phases. The external driving induces a rotating current due to vacuum polarization (in the insulator phase) and to Schwinger effect (in the conductive phase). For some particular values of the driving frequency the external field resonates with the vector mesons of the model and a rotating current can be produced even in the limit of vanishing driving field. These features are in common with the (3+1) dimensional setup based on the D3-D7 brane model and hint on some interesting universality. We also compute the conductivities paying special attention to the photovoltaic induced Hall effect, which is only present for massive charged carriers. In the vicinity of the Floquet condensate the optical Hall coefficient persists at zero driving field, signalling time reversal symmetry breaking.
description: 56 pages, 19 figures
RO-Crate: packaging metadata love notes into FAIR Digital Objects
Creators: name: Goble, Carole
name: Soiland-Reyes, Stian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RO-Crate
Research Objects
data packaging
FAIR digital objects
metadata

description: HMC Keynote: Carole Goble, The University of Manchester Title: RO-Crate: packaging metadata love notes into FAIR Digital Objects Abstract The Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration aims to make the research data [and software] produced by Helmholtz Centres FAIR for their own and the wider science community by means of metadata enrichment [1]. Why metadata enrichment and why FAIR? Because the whole scientific enterprise depends on a cycle of finding, exchanging, understanding, validating, reproducing), integrating and reusing research entities across a dispersed community of researchers. Metadata is not just “a love note to the future” [2], it is a love note to today’s collaborators and peers. Moreover, a FAIR Commons must cater for the metadata of all the entities of research – data, software, workflows, protocols, instruments, geo-spatial locations, specimens, samples, people (well as traditional articles) – and their interconnectivity. That is a lot of metadata love notes to manage, bundle up and move around. Notes written in different languages at different times by different folks, produced and hosted by different platforms, yet referring to each other, and building an integrated picture of a multi-part and multi-party investigation. We need a crate! RO-Crate [3] is an open, community-driven, and lightweight approach to packaging research entities along with their metadata in a machine-readable manner. Following key principles - “just enough” and “developer and legacy friendliness - RO-Crate simplifies the process of making research outputs FAIR while also enhancing research reproducibility and citability. As a self-describing and unbounded “metadata middleware” framework RO-Crate shows that a little bit of packaging goes a long way to realise the goals of FAIR Digital Objects (FDO)[4], and to not just overcome platform diversity but celebrate it while retaining investigation contextual integrity. In this talk I will present the why, and how Research Object packaging eases Metadata Collaboration using examples in big data and mixed object exchange, mixed object archiving and publishing, mass citation, and reproducibility. Some examples come from the HMC, others from EOSC, USA and Australia, and from different disciplines. Metadata is a love note to the future, RO-Crate is the delivery package. [1] https://helmholtz-metadaten.de/en [2] Scott, Jason The Metadata Mania, http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/3181, June 2011 [3] Soiland-Reyes, Stian et al. “Packaging Research Artefacts with RO-Crate”. Data Science, 2022; 5(2):97-138, DOI: 10.3233/DS-210053 [4] De Smedt K, Koureas D, Wittenburg P. “FAIR Digital Objects for Science: From Data Pieces to Actionable Knowledge Units”. Publications. 2020; 8(2):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications8020021
A Review on Deep Learning Techniques for the Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Islam, Md. Milon
name: Karray, Fakhri
name: Alhajj, Reda
name: Zeng, Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, has raised a calamitous situation all over the world and has become one of the most acute and severe ailments in the past hundred years. The prevalence rate of COVID-19 is rapidly rising every day throughout the globe. Although no vaccines for this pandemic have been discovered yet, deep learning techniques proved themselves to be a powerful tool in the arsenal used by clinicians for the automatic diagnosis of COVID-19. This paper aims to overview the recently developed systems based on deep learning techniques using different medical imaging modalities like Computer Tomography (CT) and X-ray. This review specifically discusses the systems developed for COVID-19 diagnosis using deep learning techniques and provides insights on well-known data sets used to train these networks. It also highlights the data partitioning techniques and various performance measures developed by researchers in this field. A taxonomy is drawn to categorize the recent works for proper insight. Finally, we conclude by addressing the challenges associated with the use of deep learning methods for COVID-19 detection and probable future trends in this research area. This paper is intended to provide experts (medical or otherwise) and technicians with new insights into the ways deep learning techniques are used in this regard and how they potentially further works in combatting the outbreak of COVID-19.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 4 Tables
Collective rules and the use of protected geographical indications by firms*
Creators: name: Belletti, Giovanni
name: Brazzini, Alessandro
name: Marescotti, Andrea
name: Belletti, Giovanni
name: Brazzini, Alessandro
name: Marescotti, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: firms’ strategy
subject: PDO and PGI

description: Geographical Indications (GIs) are tools adopted by firms to underline that reputation, qualities and characteristics of a product are strictly linked to its geographical origin. The protection granted to GIs by the law may exert strong effects on firms’ profitability. The extent by which firms use the protected GI for marketing their products depends on many factors, among which the expected benefits and costs, the marketing strategy pursued by firms, and the characteristics of the Product speci-fication (PS). Notwithstanding the great emphasis often put on the positive effects of the GI protection, the use firms make of the protected GI is in many cases far away from its potentiality. So far, academic literature has not handled this topic in a systematic perspective. The aim the paper is to analyze, by means of two case-studies related to protected GIs in Tuscany (Italy), the “Fagiolo di Sorana IGP” (Sorana Bean PGI) and the “Pecorino Toscano DOP” (Tuscan Sheep-milk cheese PDO), the strategic decisions that lead firms to decide whether and to what extent to use the protected GI for marketing of their products. Results show that firms use the protected GI to attain a wide spectrum of results that are often far away from the expected ones. Besides, the way PS has been drawn greatly affects the effects generated by the GI protection. Much of the real use of pro-tected GIs by firms relies on the coherence between firms’ characteristics and strategies, and PS, while the different use of the protected GI by firms seems not to depend by entry-barriers linked to costs needed to comply with the PS.
Clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with primary cardiac angiosarcoma: a systematic review
Creators: name: Chambergo-Michilot, Diego
name: De-La-Cruz-Ku, Gabriel
name: Brañez-Condorena, Ana
name: Guerra-Canchari, Pedro
name: Stulak, John M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancer

description: We are uploading the protocol of our systematic review that has already been registered at PROSPERO, but not published.
$G_δ$ semifilters and $ω^*$
Creators: name: Brian, Will
name: Verner, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The ultrafilters on the partial order $([ω]^ω,\subseteq^*)$ are the free ultrafilters on $ω$, which constitute the space $ω^*$, the Stone-Cech remainder of $ω$. If $U$ is an upperset of this partial order (i.e., a semifilter), then the ultrafilters on $U$ correspond to closed subsets of $ω^*$ via Stone duality. If, in addition, $U$ is sufficiently "simple" (more precisely, $G_δ$ as a subset of $2^ω$), we show that $U$ is similar to $[ω]^ω$ in several ways. First, $\mathfrak{p}_U = \mathfrak{t}_U = \mathfrak{p}$ (this extends a result of Malliaris and Shelah). Second, if $\mathfrak{d} = \mathfrak{c}$ then there are ultrafilters on $U$ that are also $P$-filters (this extends a result of Ketonen). Third, there are ultrafilters on $U$ that are weak $P$-filters (this extends a result of Kunen). By choosing appropriate $U$, these similarity theorems find applications in dynamics, algebra, and combinatorics. Most notably, we will prove that $(ω^*,+)$ contains minimal left ideals that are also weak $P$-sets.
description: 23 pages
title: Failed and failing rivets: the correlation to corrosion
title: Failed and failing rivets: the relationship to corrosion pillowing
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gould, Ronald
name: Overton, J.
name: Harrison, M.
name: Bellinger, N.
name: Chapman, C. E.
name: Brothers, M.
name: Forsyth, D.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: corrosion damage
subject: fuselage joints
subject: failed rivets
subject: cracked rivets

description: 2001 USAF Aircraft Structural Integrity Program Conference, December 11-13, 2001, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States
Fair and consistent prize allocation in competitions
Creators: name: Dietzenbacher, Bas J.
name: Kondratev, Aleksei Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91B03, 91B32, 90B50

description: Given the final ranking of a competition, how should the total prize endowment be allocated among the competitors? We study consistent prize allocation rules satisfying elementary solidarity and fairness principles. In particular, we axiomatically characterize several families of rules satisfying anonymity, order preservation, and endowment monotonicity, which all fall between the Equal Division rule and the Winner-Takes-All rule. Specific characterizations of rules and subfamilies are directly obtained. To our knowledge, this paper is the first that develops and motivates prize allocation rules for rank-order competitions directly from axioms.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure. Management Science (2022)
title: A philosophical investigation of marriage
Creators: name: Dowling, Dolina Sylvia
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Philosophy, social research.

description: In this essay I will ask if getting married and remaining married are rational things for a reflective person to do. I will limit my discussion to marriage within the western tradition. Most people in this tradition marry at some point in their lives. When they do, they are usually thought to be doing something worthwhile. Yet all too many marriages end in disappointment and divorce. So is it rational for us to choose to bind ourselves to another person in perpetuity in this way? To answer this question, I will begin by examining the sociobiological thesis which claims that human beings are gene-governed to pair bond. If this is correct, it might be thought that it explains the practice of marriage. However I will show that one implication of sociobiology is that, given this thesis, monogamous marriage goes against our natural inclinations; while pair bonding may be natural to us, exclusive pair bonding for life is not. I will go on to discuss the fact that monogamous heterosexual marriage is part of the traditional mores in western, Christian societies. The main reasons given in the past to support this tradition are that marriage provides a safe framework in which a couple's sexual needs can be met; it is the best setting for the procreation and rearing of children; and it provides couples with residential and economic advantages which are not open to non-marrieds. I show that there are good arguments for thinking that these reasons do not apply with quite the same force today. So we are still faced with our question: is it rational for a couple to choose to marry? There is, however, a more positive side to my account. For I will point out that even today when a couple choose to marry they believe that their marriage will be a good one and thereby both of them will lead happy lives. I will then identify some of the conditions which are necessary for the concept of 'a good marriage' to apply to a relationship and which are presumably conditions which guide most people's decisions in this matter. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
Ocular microcirculation. Scanning electron microscopic study.
Creators: name: Risco, Jose Miguel
name: Nopanitaya, Waykin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: A simple vascular casting technique utilizing a low-viscosity plastic was used to study the three-dimensional ocular microcirculation of the cat eye. Vascular arrangements in different anatomic areas of the eye, i.e., iris, ciliary body, retina, optic nerve, and choroid, were clearly elucidated by scanning electron microscopy. This modified technique is described in detail, and scanning electron micrographs are presented to illustrate the reliable results.
Improving Galaxy provenance export using RO-Crate
Creators: name: De Geest, Paul
name: Coppens, Frederik
name: Eguinoa, Ignacio
name: Soiland-Reyes, Stian
name: Leo, Simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Here we present how the Galaxy research environment integrates with RO-Crate as an implementation of Findable Accessible Interoperable Reproducible Digital Objects (FAIR Digital Objects / FDO) and how using RO-Crate as an exchange mechanism of workflows and their execution history helps enable FAIR and reproducible data analysis.
description: Other grants: FWO: ELIXIR Infrastructure for Data and Services to strengthen Life Sciences Research in Flanders (I002819) The SVDC project, funded by the Sardinian Regional Authority.
A new photogrammetric method for quantifying corneal topography
Creators: name: Kupper, Lawrence L.
name: Fryczkowski, Andrzej W.
name: Pellom, Alvin C.
name: Tripoli, Nancy K.
name: Cohen, Kenneth L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Attempts to describe normal corneal shape and to represent corneal topography by an array of discrete points have limited usefulness. A quantitative photogrammetric method that produces indices to describe corneal shape was developed. Four indices depict the departure of keratographic rings from circularity, and two indices express the trends and consistencies of all the rings from one keratograph. This photogrammetric index method (PIM) was evaluated against established measurement techniques. Values for the six indices were computed for groups (10 corneas each) of symmetrical, regularly astigmatic, and keratoconic corneas that had been defined by keratometry and clinical criteria. Predictions of the differences among groups were formulated for each index based on group descriptions and anticipated manual tracing and/or digitization error. Parametric and nonparametric tests of significance supported most predictions. The asymmetry of irregularly astigmatic keratoconic corneas, the variability of their orthogonal principal meridians, and an increasing symmetry toward their peripheries were documented clearly. The circularity of symmetrical group rings and the ellipticity of regularly astigmatic group rings were also evident. Preliminary norms are offered to illustrate the usefulness of the PIM in defining groups of corneas with the same histories and in classifying individual corneas.
Magnetic interactions in iron superconductors: A review
Creators: name: Bascones, E.
name: Valenzuela, B.
name: Calderon, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides and chalcogenides emerges when a magnetic phase is suppressed. The multi-orbital character and the strength of correlations underlie this complex phenomenology, involving magnetic softness and anisotropies, with Hund's coupling playing an important role. We review here the different theoretical approaches used to describe the magnetic interactions in these systems. We show that taking into account the orbital degree of freedom allows us to unify in a single phase diagram the main mechanisms proposed to explain the (π,0) order in iron pnictides: the nesting-driven, the exchange between localized spins, and the Hund induced magnetic state with orbital differentiation. Comparison of theoretical estimates and experimental results helps locate the Fe superconductors in the phase diagram. In addition, orbital physics is crucial to address the magnetic softness, the doping dependent properties, and the anisotropies.
description: Invited review article for a focus issue of Comptes Rendus Physique: 26 pages, 10 figures. Revised version, as accepted. Small changes throughout the text plus new subsection (Sec. IIIE)
End-to-End Differentiable Molecular Mechanics Force Field Construction
Creators: name: Wang, Yuanqing
name: Fass, Josh
name: Kaminow, Benjamin
name: Herr, John E.
name: Rufa, Dominic
name: Zhang, Ivy
name: Pulido, Iván
name: Henry, Mike
name: Chodera, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Molecular mechanics (MM) potentials have long been a workhorse of computational chemistry. Leveraging accuracy and speed, these functional forms find use in a wide variety of applications in biomolecular modeling and drug discovery, from rapid virtual screening to detailed free energy calculations. Traditionally, MM potentials have relied on human-curated, inflexible, and poorly extensible discrete chemical perception rules or applying parameters to small molecules or biopolymers, making it difficult to optimize both types and parameters to fit quantum chemical or physical property data. Here, we propose an alternative approach that uses graph neural networks to perceive chemical environments, producing continuous atom embeddings from which valence and nonbonded parameters can be predicted using invariance-preserving layers. Since all stages are built from smooth neural functions, the entire process is modular and end-to-end differentiable with respect to model parameters, allowing new force fields to be easily constructed, extended, and applied to arbitrary molecules. We show that this approach is not only sufficiently expressive to reproduce legacy atom types, but that it can learn to accurately reproduce and extend existing molecular mechanics force fields. Trained with arbitrary loss functions, it can construct entirely new force fields self-consistently applicable to both biopolymers and small molecules directly from quantum chemical calculations, with superior fidelity than traditional atom or parameter typing schemes. When trained on the same quantum chemical small molecule dataset used to parameterize the openff-1.2.0 small molecule force field augmented with a peptide dataset, the resulting espaloma model shows superior accuracy vis-à-vis experiments in computing relative alchemical free energy calculations for a popular benchmark set.
Choroidal microvascular repair after argon laser photocoagulation. Ultrastructural observations
Creators: name: Reddick, Robert L.
name: Risco, Jose Miguel
name: Perry, Dwight D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Acute laser injury to the tapetum of the feline retina produces thrombosis of the choriocapillaris. Early changes are characterized by the appearance of platelet-fibrin thrombi within capillary loops and disruption of endothelial integrity. By 4 days, thrombi have disappeared, and the endothelium shows regenerative changes. No endothelial cell mitotic activity is seen. The endothelial cytoplasm becomes plump, and there is a loss of the fenestrations adjacent to Bruch's membrane. By 10-20 days, the capillary structure shows gradual restoration. At 30 days, endothelial cell fenestrae are clearly evident adjacent to Bruch's membrane. The reparative process in this model appears to evolve as a result of thrombolysis and endothelial cell activation.
Archaeology and earthquakes in Siena (Italy). Preliminary results of the project PROTECT
Creators: name: Andrea, Arrighetti
name: Razzante Valeria
name: Dessales Hélène
name: Gelli Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The project PROTECT, funded by the European Commission with a H2020 – Marie Sklodowska Curie Individual Fellowship, is devised in line with a specific idea: proposing a geographically wide-ranging study designed to characterize and define a typology of specific post-seismic construction techniques at the international level, with an attention focused on the medieval period
Effect of tissue fit on corneal shape after transplantation
Creators: name: PELLOM, ALVIN C.
name: COHEN, KENNETH l.
name: KUPPER, LAWRENCE L.
name: FRYCZKOWSKI, ANDRZEJ W.
name: TRIPOLI, NANCY K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Postkeratoplasty astigmatism is now a major problem preventing visual recovery. Certain postopertive topographic characteristics are felt to be dictated by the fit of the donor corneal button in its recipient bed. Deficient tissue at the wound is predicted to contribute to the location of the steep meridian and excess tissue to the location of the flat meridian. In an eight-cat sample using our Fit Assessment Method and Photogrammetric Index Method, the authors tested the relationship between button fit in recipient bed and resulting corneal curvature at approximately 42, 161, and 289 postoperative days. Corneal symmetry improved between the first and second postoperative periods. Deficient tissue led to steepened curvature and ample tissue to flattened curvature in the first measurement period. When buttons fit poorly, deficient tissue led to steepness in the first postoperative period, but led to flattened curvature 90 deg away from the deficient tissue meridian in the second and third periods. The relationship between ample tissue and flattest postoperative curvature did not depend on the magnitude of button-bed disparity in any period. Corneal elasticity appeared to influence the way tissue disparity affected postoperative topography. Our findings support Troutman's balloon mode. When there was a large amount of uncompensated tissue disparity, the tissue deficiency exerted a force that shortened the translimbal chord. This produced both steepened curvature parallel to this chord soon after surgery and flattened curvature at 90 deg to the chord in the stable postoperative cornea.
Virtual Topological Insulators with Real Quantized Physics
Creators: name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concrete strategy is presented for generating strong topological insulators in $d+d'$ dimensions which have quantized physics in $d$ dimensions. Here, $d$ counts the physical and $d'$ the virtual dimensions. It consists of seeking $d$-dimensional representations of operator algebras which are usually defined in $d+d'$ dimensions where topological elements display strong topological invariants. The invariants are shown, however, to be fully determined by the physical dimensions, in the sense that their measurement can be done at fixed virtual coordinates. We solve the bulk-boundary correspondence and show that the boundary invariants are also fully determined by the physical coordinates. We analyze the virtual Chern insulator in $(1+1)$-dimensions realized in Ref.~\cite{KrausPRL2012hh} and predict quantized forces at the edges. We generate a novel topological system in $(3+1)$-dimensions, which is predicted to have quantized magneto-electric response.
description: Proof that the invariants can be computed at fixed virtual coordinate is included
Data from: Estimating global biodiversity: the role of cryptic insect species
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Wiens, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: How many species are there on Earth and to what groups do these species belong? These fundamental questions span systematics, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Yet, recent estimates of overall global biodiversity have ranged wildly, from the low millions to the trillions. Insects are a pivotal group for these estimates. Insects make up roughly half of currently described extant species (across all groups), with ~1 million described species. Insect diversity is also crucial because many other taxa have species that may be unique to each insect host species, including bacteria, apicomplexan protists, microsporidian fungi, nematodes, and mites. Several projections of total insect diversity (described and undescribed) have converged on ~6 million species. However, these projections have not incorporated the morphologically cryptic species revealed by molecular data. Here, we estimate the extent of cryptic insect diversity. We perform a systematic review of studies that used explicit species-delimitation methods with multi-locus data. We estimate that each morphology-based insect species contains (on average) 3.1 cryptic species. We then use these estimates to project the overall number of species on Earth and their distribution among major groups. Our estimates suggest that overall global biodiversity may range from 563 million to 2.2 billion species.
description: Funding provided by: National Science Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Award Number: DEB 1655690
Laminin and fibronectin in retinoid-induced keratolenticular dysgenesis.
Creators: name: Cook, Cynthia S.
name: Sulik, Kathleen K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: Acute embryonic exposure to isotretinoin during gastrulation (gestational day 7) in the mouse results in delay or failure of separation of the lens vesicle from the surface ectoderm. During normal lens vesicle detachment, laminin is localized within the lens, keratolenticular stalk and adjacent surface ectoderm. The mesenchyme surrounding the stalk stains positively for fibronectin. In contrast, isotretinoin-exposed embryos at the same stage of gestation exhibit reduced staining for both extracellular matrix components. Persistent keratolenticular attachment observed later in gestation in the exposed embryos is associated with increased production of laminin by the keratolenticular stalk and anterior lens epithelium. A delay in the sequence of production of extracellular matrix may be causally associated with persistence of the keratolenticular stalk.
Analysis of soliton gas with large-scale video-based wave measurements
Creators: name: Redor, Ivan
name: Barthélemy, Eric
name: Mordant, Nicolas
name: Michallet, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental procedure for studying soliton gases in shallow water is devised. Nonlinear waves propagate at constant depth in a 34\,m-long wave flume. At one end of the flume, the waves are generated by a piston-type wave-maker. The opposite end is a vertical wall. Wave interactions are recorded with a video system using seven side-looking cameras with a pixel resolution of 1\,mm, covering 14\,m of the flume. The accuracy in the detection of the water surface elevation is shown to be better than 0.1 mm. A continuous monochromatic forcing can lead to a random state such as a soliton gas. The measured wave field is separated into right- and left-propagating waves in the Radon space and solitary pulses are identified as solitons of KdV or Rayleigh types. Both weak and strong interactions of solitons are detected. These interactions induce phase shifts that constitute the seminal mechanism for disorganization and soliton gas formation.
Expression of three forms of melanoma growth stimulating activity (MGSA)/gro in human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Creators: name: ROBERTS, WENDY
name: VAN LE, LINDA
name: SHATTUCK, REBECCA L.
name: CHENG, QIU CHEN
name: JAFFE, GLENN J.
name: RICHMOND, ANNE
name: WONG, FULTON
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: PURPOSE: To characterize mRNA expression and protein production of the cytokine MGSA/gro in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and to determine whether expression of MGSA/gro is modulated by serum and the cytokines interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), or transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) mediators implicated in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS: Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the steady-state mRNA expression of three forms of MGSA/gro, alpha, beta, and gamma, by cultured human RPE cells in the presence or absence of recombinant IL-1 beta, TNF alpha, or TGF beta, or when serum-starved cells were re-fed with medium containing serum. Immunocytochemistry was used to characterize RPE cell-associated MGSA/gro protein, and immunoprecipitation of MGSA/gro from cell-conditioned medium was used to demonstrate MGSA/gro secretion. RESULTS: MGSA/gro mRNA was expressed minimally under basal conditions. Expression for all three forms of MGSA/gro mRNA was induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner after exposure to IL-1 beta, to a lesser extent after exposure to TNF alpha, but not after exposure to TGF beta. Serum induced MGSA/gro alpha and gamma transcripts, but not beta transcripts. Cell-associated MGSA/gro was identified on RPE cells grown in the absence of cytokines, but MGSA/gro was not secreted under these conditions. Exposure to IL-1 beta did not consistently cause increased cell-associated MGSA/gro; however, IL-1 beta induced secretion of MGSA/gro in a time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: MGSA/gro is produced by human RPE in response to mediators implicated in PVR. Because MGSA/gro is a pleiotropic modulator of cell proliferation and inflammation, it may contribute to the intraocular wound healing response that characterizes PVR.
PROTECT Knowledge for PReventiOn. TEChnique for reparing seismic damage from medieval period To modern era
Creators: name: Andrea, Arrighetti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The project PROTECT, funded by the European Commission with a H2020 – Marie Sklodowska Curie Individual Fellowship, is devised in line with a specific idea: proposing a geographically wide-ranging study designed to characterize and define a typology of specific post-seismic construction techniques at the international level, with an attention focused on the medieval period.
The Direct-Connectedness Function in the Random Connection Model
Creators: name: Jansen, Sabine
name: Kolesnikov, Leonid
name: Matzke, Kilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60G55, 82B43, 60D05

description: We investigate expansions for connectedness functions in the random connection model of continuum percolation in powers of the intensity. Precisely, we study the pair-connectedness and the direct-connectedness functions, related to each other via the Ornstein-Zernike equation. We exhibit the fact that the coefficients of the expansions consist of sums over connected and $2$-connected graphs. In the physics literature, this is known to be the case more generally for percolation models based on Gibbs point processes and stands in analogy to the formalism developed for correlation functions in liquid-state statistical mechanics. We find a representation of the direct-connectedness function and bounds on the intensity which allow us to pass to the thermodynamic limit. In some cases (e.g., in high dimensions), the results are valid in almost the entire subcritical regime. Moreover, we relate these expansions to the physics literature and we show how they coincide with the expression provided by the lace expansion.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures
Morphology of the normal human lens
Creators: name: Lane, C. Wesley
name: Davis, V. Andrew
name: Kuszak, Jerome
name: Costello, M. Joseph
name: Al-Ghoul, Kristin
name: Taylor, Virginia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: Purpose. To provide a quantitative, morphologic description of differentiated lens fiber cells in all regions of aged normal human lenses. Methods. Transparent normal human lenses (age range, 44 to 71 years) were examined with correlative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Vibratome sections allowed examination of internal structures, whereas dissected whole lenses revealed surface characteristics. Additionally, image analysis was used to measure cross-sectional areas of fiber cells. Results. Approximate regional dimensions (percentage of diameter and thickness, respectively) were determined for whole lenses : cortex 16%, 17% ; adult nucleus 24%, 21% ; juvenile nucleus 12%, 9% ; fetal nucleus 45%, 49% ; and embryonic nucleus 3%, 4%. Cortical cells were irregularly hexagonal, and the average cross-sectional area measured 24 ± 9 μm2. Adult nuclear cells were flattened with intricate membranous interdigitations and an area of 7 ± 2 μm2. Juvenile nuclear cells had an area of 14 ± 5 μm2. Fetal nuclear cells were rounded with an area of 35 ± 22 μm2. Embryonic nuclear cells also were rounded and had a variable area of 80 ± 68 μm2. Fiber cell cytoplasm in all lens regions appeared smooth in texture and homogeneous in staining density. Conclusions. Both TEM and SEM are necessary to obtain a complete description of fiber cells. Cross-sections of fibers give new insights into the lamellar organization of the lens, indicating that each region has characteristic cell shapes and sizes. Furthermore, average dimensions were used to demonstrate that the number of cells and approximate growth rates vary significantly between adjacent regions.
Colored noise and memory effects on formal spiking neuron models
Creators: name: da Silva, L. A.
name: Vilela, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simplified neuronal models capture the essence of the electrical activity of a generic neuron, besides being more interesting from the computational point of view when compared to higher dimensional models such as the Hodgkin-Huxley one. In this work, we propose a generalized resonate-and-fire model described by a generalized Langevin equation that takes into account memory effects and colored noise. We perform a comprehensive numerical analysis to study the dynamics and the point process statistics of the proposed model, highlighting interesting new features like: i) non-monotonic behavior (emergence of peak structures, enhanced by the choice of colored noise characteristic time-scale) of the coefficient of variation (CV) as a function of memory characteristic time-scale, ii) colored noise-induced shift in the CV, and iii) emergence and suppression of multimodality in the interspike interval (ISI) distribution due to memory-induced subthreshold oscillations. Moreover, in the noise-induced spike regime, we study how memory and colored noise affects the coherence resonance (CR) phenomenon. We found that for sufficiently long memory, CR is not only suppressed, but also the minimum of the CV $\times$ noise intensity curve that characterizes the presence of CR may be replaced by a maximum. The aforementioned features allow to interpret the interplay between memory and colored noise as an effective control mechanism to neuronal variability. Since both variability and non-trivial temporal patterns in the ISI distribution are ubiquitous in biological cells, we hope the present model can be useful in modeling real aspects of neurons.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
On derivatives, Riesz transforms and Sobolev spaces for Fourier-Bessel expansions
Creators: name: Langowski, Bartosz
name: Nowak, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 42C05, secondary 42C20, 42C30, 33C45

description: We study the problem of an appropriate choice of derivatives associated with discrete Fourier-Bessel expansions. We introduce a new so-called essential measure Fourier-Bessel setting, where the relevant derivative is simply the ordinary derivative. Then we investigate Riesz transforms and Sobolev spaces in this context. Our main results are $L^p$-boundedness of the Riesz transforms (even in a multi-dimensional situation) and an isomorphism between the Sobolev and Fourier-Bessel potential spaces. Moreover, throughout the paper we collect various comments concerning two other closely related Fourier-Bessel situations that were considered earlier in the literature. We believe that our observations shed some new light on analysis of Fourier-Bessel expansions.
description: 37 pages, v2: suggestions from the referee incorporated
Intraocular pressure in inbred mouse strains
Creators: name: Smithes, Oliver
name: Hagaman, John R.
name: Peng, Li
name: John, Simon W. M.
name: MacTaggart, Tammy E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: PURPOSE: To develop a protocol to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) of living mice and to determine the IOP of genetically different mouse strains. METHODS: Eyes of anesthetized animals were cannulated with a very fine fluid-filled glass microneedle. The microneedle was connected to a pressure transducer, and the pressure signal was analyzed with a computer system. Intraocular pressures of male C3H/He iota, C57BL/ 6 iota, A/iota, and BALB/c iota mice were determined. RESULTS: Differences in IOP were detected between genetically distinct mouse strains maintained in virtually identical environments. C3H/He iota was the strain with the highest average IOP (13.7 +/- 0.8 mm Hg). This strain average was 1.4 mm Hg higher than that for C57BL/6 iota (12.3 +/- 0.5 mm Hg; P = 0.14), 4.3 mm Hg higher than that for A/iota (9.4 +/- 0.5 mm Hg; P < 0.001), and 6 mm Hg higher than that for BALB/c iota (7.7 +/- 0.5 mm Hg; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The authors have developed an accurate and reliable procedure for measuring intraocular pressure in living mice. This procedure can detect IOP differences between groups of mice that differ by genotype.
(102255) John James Taylor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102254) Elizabeth Eyers
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Two beams are better than one: Enabling reliable and high throughput mmWave links
Creators: name: Jain, Ish Kumar
name: Subbaraman, Raghav
name: Bharadia, Dinesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Millimeter-wave communication with high throughput and high reliability is poised to be a gamechanger for V2X and VR applications. However, mmWave links are notorious for low reliability since they suffer from frequent outages due to blockage and user mobility. We build mmReliable, a reliable mmWave system that implements multi-beamforming and user tracking to handle environmental vulnerabilities. It creates constructive multi-beam patterns and optimizes their angle, phase, and amplitude to maximize the signal strength at the receiver. Multi-beam links are reliable since they are resilient to occasional blockages of few constituent beams compared to a single-beam system. We implement mmReliable on a 28 GHz testbed with 400 MHz bandwidth, and a 64 element phased array supporting 5G NR waveforms. Rigorous indoor and outdoor experiments demonstrate that mmReliable achieves close to 100\% reliability providing 2.3x improvement in the throughput-reliability product than single-beam systems. This is an extended version of a paper published in Sigcomm'21.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures. Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Conference. 2021
The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos affects form deprivation myopia
Creators: name: Abdel-Rahman, Ali A
name: Geller, Andrew M
name: Peiffer, Robert L
name: Boyes, William K
name: Abou-Donia, Mohamed B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: PURPOSE. The effects of the anticholinesterase organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) on the refractive development of the eye were examined. Form deprivation was used to induce eye growth to address the previously reported relationship between organophosphate pesticide use and the incidence of myopia. METHODS. Chickens, a well-established animal model for experimental myopia and organophosphate neurotoxicity, were dosed with chlorpyrifos (3 mg/kg per day, orally, from day 2 to day 9 after hatching) or corn oil vehicle (VEH) with or without monocular form deprivation (MFD) over the same period. The set of dependent measures included the refractive state of each eye measured using retinoscopy, axial dimensions determined with A-scan ultrasound, and intraocular pressure. RESULTS. Dosing with CPF yielded an inhibition of 35% butyrylcholinesterase in plasma and 45% acetylcholinesterase in brain. MFD resulted in a significant degree of myopia in form-deprived eyes resulting from significant lengthening of the vitreal chamber of the eye. CPF significantly reduced the effect of MFD, resulting in less myopic eyes (mean refraction: VEH-MFD = -16.2 ± 2.3 diopters; CPF-MFD = - 11.1 ± 1.8 diopters) with significantly shorter vitreal chambers. Nonoccluded eyes were, on average, slightly hyperopic. Treatment with CPF for 1 week in the absence of MFD led to no significant change in ocular dimensions or refraction relative to controls. CONCLUSIONS. The use of form deprivation as a challenge suggests that CPF treatment interferes with the visual regulation of eye growth.
(102252) Lilian Thomson Brydone
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.