cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BBC School Broadcasting, Progressivism in Education and Literacy 1957-1979
Creators: name: Barclay, Steven
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2021

description: This thesis accounts for the history of BBC television and radio programmes made for use in schools, their relationship with educational progressivism, and the application of linguistic theory to literacy programmes in the period 1957-1979. School broadcasting has been neglected by the disciplines of education and media history. The thesis uses educational literacy broadcasting as a route to link the history of linguistic theory with media and communications research. A historical documentary and oral interview research method has been used, with the addition of a linguistic theoretical analysis. The thesis finds that BBC school broadcasting played a leading part in curriculum resource development, and was a valuable and unique part of the education system. It was popular with the grassroots of teachers but was overall not well integrated statutorily with the main institutional domains in the education system; teacher training institutions, local education authorities and the government. The orthodoxy in educational theory, progressivism, had an ambivalent attitude towards educational media. School broadcasting changed the education system by leading a system of resource-based schooling. School broadcasting sat uncomfortably in the BBC due to its anomalous format, aims and audience. School radio especially was a gradually declining priority. The system of accompanying publications was vital to the effective functioning of the service, but suffered by competing in a commercial educational book market. Literacy television series began in the 1960s with a collaboration with Joyce Morris, who pioneered phonics as a method of teaching reading. The BBC’s series used the strengths of television to lead national provision. Other parts of the literacy provision followed ‘real books’ methods and commissioned leading writers. Literacy series for the early years were influenced by sociolinguistic theories of class and language and later reflected child-centred methods. The success of BBC school broadcasting depended on its attachment to public service broadcasting and aired of the question of the status of mediated experience.
Methods and tools to ensure web usability
Creators: name: Zanda, Michele
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2008
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: Web usability is a multidisciplinary research area. It bases its foundations on user interface software development, Internet technologies, and cognitive psychology. The purpose of usability is bridging the gap between technology‐oriented developers and actual end users needs. The usability area is approached in many ways: develop methodologies to ensure usable products, rapid prototyping tools to have user interfaces easy to modify, design of novel interaction paradigms, and measure ease of use with user tests. This thesis presents many of these approaches applied to the development of Web‐based applications. We introduce both basic and advanced usability principles and theories as well as methods to deliver usable products. Best practices to develop simple and pleasant Web‐based applications are grouped under ready to use design patterns. The methodology to perform, analyze and report a usability test, with and without end users, is presented in detail. Next, two usability experiments are reported. The first experiment investigates users’ behaviours while dealing with interfaces for software download. Participants were recruited to analyze the effects of the usual dialog box to download software, and compare it with three novel interfaces designed to increase users’ attention level and better communicate trust information to users. Participants’ decisions (download acceptance or refusal) and given motivations are analyzed statistically, and results are discussed.  The second experiment assesses the effects and effectiveness of talking avatars on E‐Government Websites. In the usability experiment the avatar was an animated face. The speech pronounced by the avatar is produced with Text‐To‐Speech (TTS) software. Effects and effectiveness of the face presence are assessed based on traditional usability metrics (completion rate, completion times, error rate, visited pages, questionnaires) as well as physiological analysis techniques (galvanic skin response).  Given that Web applications should be easy to use not only for customers, but also for content administrators, we present a tool (CTS) to prototype Web avatars with no coding. CTS automates many steps of the usual development process, hiding software for both the TTS and the facial morphing.  Finally, conclusions and future works are drawn
Dynamic software architectures for global computing system
Creators: name: Bucchiarone, Antonio
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2008
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: Modern software systems have changed from isolated static  devices to highly interconnected machines that execute their  tasks in a cooperative and coordinated manner. Therefore, the structure and the behavior of these systems are dynamic with continuous changes. These systems are known as Global Computing Systems (GCSs) and they use services as fundamental elements for developing them. Software architectural models are intended to describe the structure and behavior of a system in terms of computational entities, their interactions and its composition patterns, so to reason about systems at more abstract level, disregarding implementation details. Since a GCS may change at run-time, Software Architecture (SA) models for them should be able to describe the changes of each system and to enact modifications during system execution.  Such models are generally referred to as Dynamic Software Architectures (DSAs), to emphasize that the SA evolves during run-time. Several recent research efforts have focused on the dynamic aspects of software architectures providing suitable models and techniques for handling the run-time modification of the structure of a system. A large number of heterogeneous proposals for addressing dynamic architectures at many different levels of abstractions have been provided, such as programmable, ad-hoc, self-healing and self-repairing among others. It is then important to have a clear picture of the relations among these proposals by formulating them into a uniform framework. When this work started there were many questions that arise. How can we represent architectures? How can we formalise architectural styles? How can we construct style conformant architectures? How can we model softwarearchitecture reconfigurations? How can we ensure style consistency?  How can we express and verify structural and behavioral  architectural properties? This thesis tries to answer  them. In particular it presents a formal-based process that will be used to model and verify Software Architectures that are dynamic. The principal aspects that we have considered in this work are:   a) formalisms used in the design of SA that are dynamic;   b) mechanisms to express and verify structural and behavioral properties that we expect to be satisfied by each SA configuration;   c) a complete tool-supported process able to integrate previous aspects.  These aspects are firstly illustrated over an explanatory example and then applied and validated over a real-world case study.
Tools and models for high level parallel and Grid programming
Creators: name: Dazzi, Patrizio
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2008
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: When algorithmic skeletons were first introduced by Cole in  late 1980 (50) the idea had an almost immediate success. The  skeletal approach has been proved to be effective when application algorithms can be expressed in terms of skeletons composition. However, despite both their effectiveness and the progress made in skeletal systems design and implementation, algorithmic skeletons remain absent from mainstream practice. Cole and other researchers, respectively in (51) and (19), focused the problem. They recognized the issues affecting   skeletal systems and stated a set of principles that have  to be tackled in order to make them more effective and to  take skeletal programming into the parallel mainstream. In  this thesis we propose tools and models for addressing some  among the skeletal programming environments issues. We  describe three novel approaches aimed at enhancing skeletons  based systems from different angles. First, we present a model we conceived that allows algorithmic skeletons customization exploiting the macro data-flow abstraction. Then we present two results about the exploitation of metaprogramming techniques for the run-time generation and optimization of macro data-flow graphs. In particular, we show how to generate and how to optimize macro data-flow graphs accordingly both to programmers provided non-functional requirements and to execution platform features. The last result we present are the Behavioural Skeletons, an approach aimed at addressing the limitations of skeletal programming environments when used for the development of component-based Grid applications.  We validated all the approaches conducting several test,  performed exploiting a set of tools we developed.
Between syntax and morphology: German noun+verb units
Creators: name: Schäfer, Roland
name: Sayatz, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: univerbation
subject: usage-based theory
subject: prototypes
subject: corpus data
subject: experiments
subject: German
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: We show that graphemic variation—at least in some writing systems—can be analysed in terms of grammatical variation given a usage- based probabilistic view of the grammar-graphemics interface. Concretely, we examine a type of noun+verb unit in German, which can be written as one word or two. We argue that the variation in writing is rooted in the units’ ambiguous status in between morphology (one word) and syntax (two words). The major influencing factors are shown to be the semantic relation between the noun and the verb (argument or oblique relation) and the morphosyntactic context. In prototypically nominal contexts, a reinterpretation of the unit as a noun+noun compound is facilitated, which favours spelling as one word, while in prototypically verbal contexts, a syntactic realisation and consequently spelling as two words is preferred. We report the results of two large-scale corpus studies and a controlled production experiment to corroborate our analysis.
East Prussia 2.0: Persistent regions, rising nations
Creators: name: Polugodina, Maria
name: Grigoriadis, Theocharis N.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: nstitutions
subject: Political economy
subject: Political preferences
subject: Migration
subject: Settler literacy
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: In this study, we examine the political effects of the breakup of East Prussia into what is today Poland, Russia, and Lithuania. We expect that East Prussian legacies of nationalist and conservative political preferences persist in the respective partitions of Poland, Russia, and Lithuania. We find that there is no pattern of persistence in the Polish partition of former East Prussia, whereas East Prussian persistence appears to be robust in the Lithuanian and Russian partitions. In the context of forced migration, comparative human capital between outgoing refugees (Germans) and incoming settlers (Soviets, Poles) predicts patterns of long-run political development. Hence, higher literacy rates of incoming settlers in the Russian partition (Kaliningrad) predict higher levels of support for conservative and nationalist political parties. The opposite is observed in the Polish partition. The persistence of East Prussian legacies in Eastern Europe relates to settler literacy.
title: Development of a New Method to Support a Participatory Planning for Piped Water Supply Infrastructure in Informal Settlements
Creators: name: Mosbach, Julian
name: Sonnenburg, Alexander
name: Fiedler, Justus Ernst
name: Urban, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: For decades, infrastructure planning in informal settlements has been a major challenge for urban planners and engineers. In particular, the planning process for the rapidly changing heterogeneous structures in these areas usually require individual and non-sustainable solutions. In this report, a method for the sustainable and practical planning of a piped water distribution system (WDS) that generates different expansion variants as a planning support tool is presented. In this tool, all real-world routing options are included in the decision-making process, based on the existing infrastructure, settlement structure, and identifiable open spaces. Additionally, proposals for the localization of the future public water points are supported by methods from Logistics. The consideration of the existing settlement structure and real route lengths (pedestrian walking distance) to a potential water point location lead to very practical and realizable results. The principle of participatory planning was considered, to easily include individual adjustments at any given timeframe. At the same time, automated processes generate fast results. The method is modular and linked to a geographic information system (GIS) to directly visualize the impacts and effects of the planning and decision-making process.
title: Electrochemical Performance of Carbon-Rich Silicon Carbonitride Ceramic as Support for Sulfur Cathode in Lithium Sulfur Battery
Creators: name: Qu, Fangmu
name: Yu, Zhaoju
name: Krol, Monika
name: Chai, Nan
name: Riedel, Ralf
name: Graczyk-Zajac, Magdalena
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: As a promising matrix material for anchoring sulfur in the cathode for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, porous conducting supports have gained much attention. In this work, sulfur-containing C-rich SiCN composites are processed from silicon carbonitride (SiCN) ceramics, synthesized at temperatures from 800 to 1100 °C. To embed sulfur in the porous SiCN matrix, an easy and scalable procedure, denoted as melting-diffusion method, is applied. Accordingly, sulfur is infiltrated under solvothermal conditions at 155 °C into pores of carbon-rich silicon carbonitride (C-rich SiCN). The impact of the initial porosity and microstructure of the SiCN ceramics on the electrochemical performance of the synthesized SiCN-sulfur (SiCN-S) composites is analysed and discussed. A combination of the mesoporous character of SiCN and presence of a disordered free carbon phase makes the electrochemical performance of the SiCN matrix obtained at 900 °C superior to that of SiCN synthesized at lower and higher temperatures. A capacity value of more than 195 mAh/g over 50 cycles at a high sulfur content of 66 wt.% is achieved.
title: Ultra-Low-Voltage Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers with Increased Output Pressure Due to Piston-Structured Plates
Creators: name: Merbeler, Fabian
name: Wismath, Sonja
name: Haubold, Marco
name: Bretthauer, Christian
name: Kupnik, Mario
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) represent an accepted technology for ultrasonic transducers, while high bias voltage requirements and limited output pressure still need to be addressed. In this paper, we present a design for ultra-low-voltage operation with enhanced output pressure. Low voltages allow for good integrability and mobile applications, whereas higher output pressures improve the penetration depth and signal-to-noise ratio. The CMUT introduced has an ultra-thin gap (120 nm), small plate thickness (800 nm), and is supported by a non-flexural piston, stiffening the topside for improved average displacement, and thus higher output pressure. Three designs for low MHz operation are simulated and fabricated for comparison: bare plate, plate with small piston (34% plate coverage), and big piston (57%). The impact of the piston on the plate mechanics in terms of resonance and pull-in voltage are simulated with finite element method (FEM). Simulations are in good agreement with laser Doppler vibrometer and LCR-meter measurements. Further, the sound pressure output is characterized in immersion with a hydrophone. Pull-in voltages range from only 7.4 V to 25.0 V. Measurements in immersion with a pulse at 80% of the pull-in voltage present surface output pressures from 44.7 kPa to 502.1 kPa at 3.3 MHz to 4.2 MHz with a fractional bandwidth of up to 135%. This leads to an improvement in transmit sensitivity in pulsed (non-harmonic) driving from 7.8 kPa/V up to 24.8 kPa/V.
title: Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation Relation of Notched Specimens with Welded Joint Characteristics
Creators: name: Braun, Moritz
name: Fischer, Claas
name: Baumgartner, Jörg
name: Hecht, Matthias
name: Varfolomeev, Igor
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: This study focuses on predicting the fatigue life of notched specimens with geometries and microstructure representative of welded joints. It employs 26 series of fatigue tests on welded and non-welded specimens containing notches located in different material zones, including the parent material, weld metal, and heat-affected zone. Overall, 351 test samples made of six structural steels are included in the present evaluation. For each individual specimen, the stress concentration factor, as well as the stress distribution in the notched section, was determined for subsequent fracture mechanics calculation. The latter is employed to estimate the fraction of fatigue life associated with crack propagation, starting from a small surface crack until fracture. It was shown that the total fatigue life can be realistically predicted by means of fracture mechanics calculations, whereas estimates of the fatigue life until macroscopic crack initiation are subject to numerous uncertainties. Furthermore, methods of statistical data analyses are applied to explore correlations between the S–N curves and the notch acuity characterized by the notch radius, opening angle, and the stress concentration factor. In particular, a strong correlation is observed between the notch acuity and the slope of the S–N curves.
Development of Novel Inhibitors Targeting the D-Box of the DNA Binding Domain of Androgen Receptor
Creators: name: Radaeva, Mariia
name: Ban, Fuqiang
name: Zhang, Fan
name: LeBlanc, Eric
name: Lallous, Nada
name: Rennie, Paul S.
name: Gleave, Martin E.
name: Cherkasov, Artem
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: The inhibition of the androgen receptor (AR) is an established strategy in prostate cancer (PCa) treatment until drug resistance develops either through mutations in the ligand-binding domain (LBD) portion of the receptor or its deletion. We previously identified a druggable pocket on the DNA binding domain (DBD) dimerization surface of the AR and reported several potent inhibitors that effectively disrupted DBD-DBD interactions and consequently demonstrated certain antineoplastic activity. Here we describe further development of small molecule inhibitors of AR DBD dimerization and provide their broad biological characterization. The developed compounds demonstrate improved activity in the mammalian two-hybrid assay, enhanced inhibition of AR-V7 transcriptional activity, and improved microsomal stability. These findings position us for the development of AR inhibitors with entirely novel mechanisms of action that would bypass most forms of PCa treatment resistance, including the truncation of the LBD of the AR.
Tecnólogo em Gestão de Recursos Humanos na Faculdade FaSouza
Creators: name: Souza, Marcos Alexandre de
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Tecnólogo em Gestão de Recursos Humanos, Faculdade FaSouza, Recursos Humanos, carreira de sucesso, RH

description: Você está em busca de uma formação na área de Recursos Humanos? Então, o Tecnólogo em Gestão de Recursos Humanos na Faculdade FaSouza pode ser a escolha ideal para você! Com uma grade curricular atualizada e professores altamente qualificados, esse curso oferece todas as ferramentas necessárias para você se destacar nesse mercado tão competitivo. Afinal, Tecnólogo é Graduação?

Durante o curso, você irá desenvolver habilidades essenciais, como recrutamento e seleção de talentos, administração de benefícios e salários, treinamento e desenvolvimento de equipes, entre outras. Além disso, a Faculdade FaSouza possui parcerias com empresas, oferecendo oportunidades de estágios.

Ao se formar como Tecnólogo em Gestão de Recursos Humanos na FaSouza, você estará preparado para atuar em diversas áreas, como empresas, consultorias, órgãos públicos e até mesmo empreender no seu próprio negócio. Invista no seu futuro e escolha uma das melhores instituições de ensino do país.

Não perca tempo! Garanta sua vaga no Tecnólogo em Gestão de Recursos Humanos e inicie sua carreira de sucesso na área de RH!
title: Lightweight Long Short-Term Memory Variational Auto-Encoder for Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection in Industrial Control Systems
Creators: name: Fährmann, Daniel
name: Damer, Naser
name: Kirchbuchner, Florian
name: Kuijper, Arjan
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Heterogeneous cyberattacks against industrial control systems (ICSs) have had a strong impact on the physical world in recent decades. Connecting devices to the internet enables new attack surfaces for attackers. The intrusion of ICSs, such as the manipulation of industrial sensory or actuator data, can be the cause for anomalous ICS behaviors. This poses a threat to the infrastructure that is critical for the operation of a modern city. Nowadays, the best techniques for detecting anomalies in ICSs are based on machine learning and, more recently, deep learning. Cybersecurity in ICSs is still an emerging field, and industrial datasets that can be used to develop anomaly detection techniques are rare. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised deep learning methodology for anomaly detection in ICSs, specifically, a lightweight long short-term memory variational auto-encoder (LW-LSTM-VAE) architecture. We successfully demonstrate our solution under two ICS applications, namely, water purification and water distribution plants. Our proposed method proves to be efficient in detecting anomalies in these applications and improves upon reconstruction-based anomaly detection methods presented in previous work. For example, we successfully detected 82.16% of the anomalies in the scenario of the widely used Secure Water Treatment (SWaT) benchmark. The deep learning architecture we propose has the added advantage of being extremely lightweight.
Education for professionals through work-integrated learning
Creators: name: Murphy, Gerald A.
name: Calway, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Professionals progress through three stages of development; acquisition of knowledge, specialisation and integration of knowledge. Much of the current emphasis for professional development is on development of competencies. Entry into a profession is dependent on the professional acquiring a level of competency sufficient to practice. This paper argues that professionals need to acquire new specialist disciplines and/or to develop their knowledge beyond a competence/sufficiency level. Learning for this requires a greater depth than mere competency. The paper explores how Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) can enhance professionals' careers. Existing training practices of separating work and learning inhibit learning transfer. The complex and ill-structured nature of professionals' work demands that professionals draw on real world situations to develop the conceptual knowledge needed to be applied to novel situations. Professional Societies provide the context for learning, domain knowledge and learning environment so that professionals are able to apply the knowledge and skills gained through education. WIL is widely reported in literature as a philosophy of learning which is appropriate for development of professionals. It incorporates hands-on work experience that assumes a level of explicit knowledge/skill on the part of the learner and the exchange of tacit knowledge/skill from the real-world to the learner.
The Representation of the Violated Body and its Spectatorship: the Negative Approach (1970s to 2016)
Creators: name: Upeniece, Vita
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2022

description: This study explores the representation of the violated body and its spectatorship, focusing on the ‘negative’ approach in the period from the 1970’s up to 2016. This thesis argues that any censorship either the state/military/media or self-inflicted (‘forced’ and emphasised absence) has a potential to provide important cause and vital stimulus to rethink and reformulate traditional assumptions about the photographs of the violated body and their function in society. The research and analysis of the case studies demonstrated that visibility is a complex and unstable system of permissions and prohibitions. That it is a shifting process, where some bodies are brought into the frame and others are left and kept outside, and/or brought back into the frame to make them socially and politically visible and significant. The findings demonstrated that photographic depictions of the violated body are regarded as important, relevant and necessary. It was repeatedly shown that their status as evidence - for instance for journalists/media, US army and government personnel, European officials, and artists, was essential. Nevertheless, it was also highlighted that worst things were not documented or their depiction and evidence was destroyed, or there were atrocities that could not be documented photographically. Moreover, it was argued that Western democracies have developed stealth torture after the WW2, with an aim to avoid detection, therefore often there would be no visible sign to document and show as the evidence. Thus, the context of seeming abundance and importance attributed to the photographic image of violence, prompted me to focus on the ‘negative’ approach and explore artworks where the image of the vulnerable/violated body is withheld either by artists themselves or it has been censored by the state, military and the media. At the end of my thesis I consider issues raised by Paglen’s (and Crawford’s) research on machine vision and AI and Zuboff’s research on surveillance capitalism that I find essential to the field of violence representation and particularly for the ‘negative’ approach. Their findings reveal tectonic changes to previous modes of thinking and action and indicate a need for a further study on the representation of the violated body and its spectatorship in the digital realm.
Typing Services
Creators: name: Mezzina, Leonardo Gaetano
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2009
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: The notion of a session is fundamental in service-oriented applications, as it serves to separate interactions between clients and different instances of the same service, and to group together logical units of work. In the area of process calculi Honda, Kubo and Vasconcelos proposed their perspective of what a session should be from the perspective of theorical foundations. They presented a calculus equipped with a notion of session types that govern the interactions between peers. This first proposal gave rise to a new research direction and to a community of researchers interested in session types and their extensions and applications. The great merit of session types is in fact to be like a classical type system,  intended to describe structural properties of the data manipulated by programs. One can think of a session type as the equivalent notion of channel sorting for the π-calculus. The novelty is that well-typedness of a process implies a stronger property than any other classical type systems, namely the session safety. Session safety guarantees that at runtime any interaction inside a session will proceed without errors due to mismatching communications. Moreover, with a little additional effort, session safety implies the progress property, which in some manner prevents deadlock. Well typing of a process written in a session calculus can be easily verified at the cost to annotate certain names of the processes with session types. Here we address the problem of finding efficient procedure for checking well-typedness in absence of any type annotation or said in other words the type inference of session types. It is interesting how different notions proposed in different works on session types are used together as tools to achieve the result. At the end our study leads to establish a formal theory of session types that can be applied and transferred to various settings and formalisms. Since type inference strictly depends on a specific calculus we show the wide applicability of our result studying the problem for two particular calculi with very different mechanisms  of session instantiation. Prototype implementation of  the type algorithms are written in Ocaml and available at  http://www.di.unipi.it/˜mezzina.
Extending ontology queries with bayesian network reasoning
Creators: name: Bellandi, Andrea
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2008
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: Today, ontologies are the standard for representing knowledge about concepts and relations among concepts concerning specific domains. In general, ontology languages are based on crisp logic and thus they can not handle incomplete or partial knowledge about application domain. However, uncertainty exists in domain modeling, ontology reasoning, and concept mapping. Our choice for dealing with uncertainty, is the Bayesian probability theory. The technique of representing an ontology by means of a bayesian network is used for having a new knowledge base enriched with uncertainty, over which making inference and probabilistic reasoning. Our method is composed of three steps. The first one is to compile the ontology into a bayesian network. We define the ontology compiling process for extracting the bayesian network structure directly from the schema of the knowledge base. The second one is to learn the initial probability distributions. We provide a computation process for learning the probability  distributions, both prior and conditional, directly from the ontology instances, based on the Bayes theorem. The third one is to provide a bayesian query language for answering queries involving probabilities. Although evaluating bayesian networks is, in general, NP-hard, there is a class of networks that can efficiently be solved in time linear in the number of nodes. It is that of the polytree. On the basis of this bayesian network  class, it is provided a bayesian query language for answering queries involving probabilities concerning both is - a ontology relations and object - property relations. It is based on recursive algorithms implementing top-down and bottom-up reasoning over polytrees networks.
Domain driven program evolution
Creators: name: Colombo, Diego
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2009
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: Software configuration and adaptation are becoming key aspects of Computer Science; programs are executed in stages  in very complicated lifetime cycles starting from development to their execution. Various forms of Meta-programming have been developed to support program evolution over time, during development and execution. Virtual machines have greatly encouraged this trend since programs are annotated with metadata that can be easily analysed by meta-programs. In this thesis we investigate a particular class of programs capable of evolving their own structure over time in order to adapt to particular execution conditions and to the user. We investigate  this class of programs in the context of computer games,  programs with great need for adaptivity both in terms of program specialisation for optimisation and content generation. In any case the program transformation is performed at runtime since it depends upon data available only while executing. Our work is based on programs written for Common Language Runtime and available in the form of intermediate language.
Quantitative Comparison of Deep Learning-Based Image Reconstruction Methods for Low-Dose and Sparse-Angle CT Applications
Creators: name: Leuschner, Johannes
name: Schmidt, Maximilian
name: Ganguly, Poulami Somanya
name: Andriiashen, Vladyslav
name: Coban, Sophia Bethany
name: Denker, Alexander
name: Bauer, Dominik
name: Hadjifaradji, Amir
name: Batenburg, Kees Joost
name: Maass, Peter
name: Van Eijnatten, Maureen
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: The reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images is an active area of research. Following the rise of deep learning methods, many data-driven models have been proposed in recent years. In this work, we present the results of a data challenge that we organized, bringing together algorithm experts from different institutes to jointly work on quantitative evaluation of several data-driven methods on two large, public datasets during a ten day sprint. We focus on two applications of CT, namely, low-dose CT and sparse-angle CT. This enables us to fairly compare different methods using standardized settings. As a general result, we observe that the deep learning-based methods are able to improve the reconstruction quality metrics in both CT applications while the top performing methods show only minor differences in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM). We further discuss a number of other important criteria that should be taken into account when selecting a method, such as the availability of training data, the knowledge of the physical measurement model and the reconstruction speed.
The signal calculus: beyond message based coordination for services
Creators: name: Guanciale, Roberto
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2009
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: This thesis aims at the definition of foundational techniques driving the design and implementation of a programming middleware supporting the full adoption of a MDD framework for Service Oriented Computing. Our main contribution is the definition of a compositional model for services in the spirit of choreography. Our model takes the form of two-level process calculus that lays at two different levels of abstraction. The local view of coordination is represented by the Signal Calculus, which is tailored to support the formal design of services. The global view of the coordination is supported by the Network Coordination Policies Calculus. The Network Coordination  Policies Calculus is the formal machinery we introduced  to specify choreography. Distinguished features of our approach are given by the adoption of the event notification paradigm as basic mechanisms to manage service interactions and by the usage of multicast communication. To fill the gap between the local and global views, we relate the semantics of the two calculi by a correctness  result that allows us to verify if a design respects a specification. Finally, to highlight the benefit of our approach, we address the issue of defining Long Running Transactions via the Signal Calculus and we provide some sound refactoring rules in the spirit of the MDD  approach to software design. The main advantage of these results consists in guaranteeing that the designer can refine the reference implementation without altering the intended meaning.
Automatic context adaptation of fuzzy systems
Creators: name: Botta, Alessio
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2008
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: Among the several applications of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy-rule based systems (FRBSs) have proven to be extremely successful in a wide range of fields, including, for instance, control, classification, regression, and pattern recognition. In particular, FRBSs have raised attention for their twofold nature, i.e., for their ability to handle linguistic concepts and, at the same time, to perform an accurate modeling of input-output relations.  Hence, several researchers and practitioners have developed  learning algorithms for the automatic identification  of FRBSs from real-world data. Such algorithms include the  hybridizations of FRBSs with other popular soft computing  techniques, i.e., artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms. In this framework, context adaptation of fuzzy systems is considered as an emerging paradigm which has been analyzed only in a few works. In a nutshell, context adaptation consists in tuning some of the features of an already existing FRBS, so as to adapt it to a new configuration of the external environment. This task has usually been approached in the literature as scaling fuzzy sets from a universe of discourse to another. The basic idea presented here is to achieve context adaptation by exploiting a set of operators which allow performing a more flexible tuning than scaling-functionbased techniques, while keeping the semantics and the interpretability of the original FRBS unaltered. Nonetheless, this work collects previous approaches and organizes them in a common framework, thus providing a reference study on the topic. In the development of the thesis, we first recall fundamentals of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic, and fuzzy systems. We survey previous work on related subjects and introduce the context adaptation problem in detail. Second, we develop a novel context adaptation approach. To this aim, we introduce a flexible non linear scaling function and four orthogonal fuzzy modifiers which allow adapting an FRBS to any context. Since the modeling capabilities of the operators may negatively affect the semantics of the FRBS, we study two novel indices to properly measure interpretability and prevent such degradation. The proposed learning approach is based on evolutionary algorithms and takes both the flexibility introduced by the operators and the interpretability assessed by the indices into account. We test our context adaptation technique on four different data sets, providing detailed examples and comparisons. Finally, we draw concluding remarks and we discuss future extensions and possible research lines.
Channel assignment, routing and cross layer issues for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh netorks
Creators: name: Skalli, Habiba
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2009
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: Next generation wireless mobile communications will be driven by converged networks that integrate disparate technologies and services. The Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is envisaged to be one of the key components in the converged networks of the future, providing flexible, high-bandwidth wireless backhaul over large geographical  areas. While single radio mesh nodes, operating on a single channel suffer from capacity constraints, equipping mesh routers with multiple radios using multiple non-overlapping channels can significantly alleviate the capacity problem and increase the aggregate bandwidth available to the network. However, the assignment of channels to the radio interfaces poses significant challenges. The goal of channel  assignment algorithms in multi-radio mesh networks is to minimize interference while improving the aggregate network capacity and maintaining the connectivity of the network. In this thesis, we examine the unique constraints of channel assignment in wireless mesh networks and identify the key factors governing assignment schemes, with particular reference to interference, traffic patterns, and multipath connectivity. After presenting a taxonomy of existing channel assignment algorithms for WMNs, we describe a new channel assignment scheme, called MesTiC, which incorporates the mesh traffic pattern together with connectivity issues in order to minimize interference in multi-radio mesh networks. In a second part of this thesis, we consider that a paradigm shift from the classic routing schemes is needed. Usual approaches are not always  satisfactory since they often use shortest-path heuristic and tend to concentrate transmissions to certain nodes. To efficiently exploit the presence of multiple channels instead, a proper routing algorithm should avoid congested links and possibly make use of an estimation of the actual network traffic. Therefore, cross-layer information exchange  can be useful for an efficient functioning of the routing protocols. We analyze all these issues and propose and identify possible solutions.
LEAF-Writer: Ein online-Editor zum Annotieren von XML-Dateien und Einbinden von Normdaten
Creators: name: Büdenbender, Stefan
name: Benz, Jacob
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: NFDI4Memory
Von Büchern zu Bytes
B2B
Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
RDM
XML Editor
Annotation
LEAF-Writer

description: Die eindeutige Identifikation von Orten, Personen, Ereignissen und weiteren Entitäten ist fester Bestandteil einer zeitgemäßen Digitalisierungsstrategie und ein Anliegen gleich mehrerer Measures in NFDI4Memory.LEAF Writer ist eine Webapplikation, die genau hier einen Schwerpunkt setzt. Als Teil einer Editionsumgebung für digitale Texte bietet sie umfangreiche Möglichkeiten der XML-Auszeichnung, kann aber auch als Stand-alone-Tool zur interaktiven Anreicherung mit Normdaten verwendet werden. Zurzeit wird die Webapplikation an der Hochschule Darmstadt weiterentwickelt und durch die Anbindung an die GND, eine deutsche Übersetzung und ein erweitertes User-Management einem größeren Nutzerkreis erschlossen.Der Vortrag möchte die Grundfunktionen der Normdatenauszeichnung vorstellen und im Rahmen einer Hands-on-Session Gelegenheit zum Testen und zur Diskussion von Verbesserungswünschen geben.
description: From Books to Bytes: The Digital Transformation in Historical Studies - Learning, Teaching, and Research in the Age of Digitization.

The professional handling of data is a virulent topic across the boundaries of all disciplines. NFDI4Memory addresses this in order to (further) develop data literacy in the historical sciences and subjects working in history and to support the community in mastering the digital turn.

The event series "From Books to Bytes" started in October 2023 and regularly presents current topics and relevant fields of application in research and teaching with experts, researchers and teachers. It is designed in such a way that after short thematic introductions, participants will have the opportunity to independently engage with the presented content in hands-on sessions.

This work was created as part of the NFDI consortium 4Memory (www.4memory.de). We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the German Research Foundation (DFG) – project number 501609550.
A general modular framework for resource allocation in IEEE 802.16
Creators: name: Erta, Alessandro
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2008
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: The IEEE 802.16 MAC protocol is centralized, that is, a single Base Station (BS) controls the communication to and from a number of Subscriber Stations (SSs). The BS is responsible for guaranteeing the QoS requirements of each SS. However, the QoS objective is often in contrast with the system factors and constraints which can depend on the most heterogeneous system characteristics. These include  the duplexing mode, the specific air interface used and, even, the SS hardware capabilities. In this work, the problem of meeting the QoS requirements of each SS while, at the same time, satisfying the overall system constraints will be referred to as resource allocation. Through a detailed analysis of the standard, we show that the latter is an overly complex task. To tackle the complexity, we thus propose to subdivide the overall resource allocation process into distinct, though sometimes strictly coupled, sub-problems. Hence, we developed a general modular framework where all the sub-problems can be solved by independent sub-tasks which can be combined together in a pipeline. We identified three main sub-tasks, i.e., grant scheduling, grant arrangement and grant allocation. We call our framework PIPER which recalls the pipelined organization. We will show that our approach greatly reduces the complexity of the resource allocation problem and can be successfully adopted in many different contexts. Within the PIPER framework we also propose two grant allocation algorithms, namely Half-Duplex Allocation (HDA) and Sample Data Region Allocation (SDRA) for IEEE 802.16 FDD with half-duplex SSs and IEEE 802.16e TDD for mobility  support, respectively. We will evaluate the performance our  solutions through extensive simulation.
Wire delay effects reduction techniques and topology optimization in NUCA based CMP systems
Creators: name: Panicucci, Francesco
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2009
Subjects: QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science

description: One of the most important issues designing large last level cache in  a CMP system is the increasing effect of wire delay problem which affects the banks access time and reduces the performances. Some CMP systems adopt a shared L2 cache to maximize cache capacity, instead other architectures use private L2 caches, replicating data to limit the delay from slow on-chip wires and minimize cache access time. Ideally, to improve performance for a wide variety of workloads, CMPs prefer both the capacity of a shared cache and the access latency of private caches. In this context, NUCA caches have been proved to be able to tolerate wire delay effects while maintaining a huge on-chip storage capacity. In this thesis we analyze the influence on system's behaviour of different coherence protocols (MESI and MOESI) and the effect of topology changes as design tradeoffs for S-NUCA based CMP system. Our results show that CMP topology has a great influence on performances, instead, in this scenario, the protocol has not. Then we propose and evaluate a novel block migration scheme to reduce access latency in a shared cache for D-NUCA based systems, in which are addressed  two specific problems that can arise due to the presence of multiple traffic sources. Finally, we present a power consumption model we used to evaluate the energy behaviour of both static and dynamic NUCA systems. We observe the most important element of power consumption is always the static component, but the influence of the dynamic onsumption is increasing.