cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gaia predicted brown dwarf detection rates around FGK stars in astrometry, radial velocity, and photometric transits
Creators: name: Holl, B.
name: Perryman, M.
name: Lindegren, L.
name: Segransan, D.
name: Raimbault, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The current sample of known brown dwarfs (BDs) around FGK-stars is only of the order of a hundred. The ongoing ESA mission Gaia has already collected its nominal 5 yr of mission data and might operate up to 10 yr. Aims: Using detailed simulations, we estimate the number of BDs that could be discovered by Gaia astrometry, radial velocity, and photometric transits around main sequence (V) and subgiants (IV) FGK host stars for a 5 and 10-yr mission. Methods: Using a robust $Δχ^2$ statistic we analyse the BD companion detectability from the Besançon Galaxy population synthesis model complemented by Gaia DR2 data for the bright end, using the latest Gaia performance and scanning law, and literature-based BD-parameter distributions. Results: We report here reliable detection numbers ($Δχ^2$>50) for a 5-yr [10-yr] mission. Astrometry alone yields 28,000-42,000 [45,000-55,000] detections out to several hundred pc [>kiloparsec], with the majority around G magnitude 14-15 [14-16] and P>200 d. Gaia radial velocity time series allow detection of 830-1100 [1500-1900] mainly massive BDs (55-80 M_J), most having P <10 d. Systems with at least 3 photometric transits (S/N>3) are expected for 720-1100 [1400-2300] BDs, averaging at 4-5 [5-6] transits per source. Overlap of astrometric and radial velocity detection yield 370-410 [870-950] candidates, transit and radial velocity 17-27 [35-56], and transit and astrometric detection 1-3 [4-6]. Conclusions: Though above numbers have +/- 50% uncertainty due to the uncertain occurrence rate and period distribution of BDs around FGK host stars, Gaia detections will number in the tens-of-thousands, enlarging the current sample by at least two orders of magnitude, allowing to investigate the BD fraction and orbital architectures as a function of host stellar parameters in greater detail than every before.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures. Updates in this version 2: rewritten Eq. 2, added references Sarro et al. 2013 and Reyl\'e 2018 regarding free floating BDs in introduction, fixed reference to correct Kiefer et al. 2019 paper, expanded funding acknowledgement, added note about G_RVS in DR2 to end of Appendix H, and a few spelling improvements
Room-Temperature Intrinsic and Extrinsic Damping in Polycrystalline Fe Thin Films
Creators: name: Wu, Shuang
name: Smith, David A.
name: Nakarmi, Prabandha
name: Rai, Anish
name: Clavel, Michael
name: Hudait, Mantu K.
name: Zhao, Jing
name: Michel, F. Marc
name: Mewes, Claudia
name: Mewes, Tim
name: Emori, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine room-temperature magnetic relaxation in polycrystalline Fe films. Out-of-plane ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements reveal Gilbert damping parameters of $\approx$ 0.0024 for Fe films with thicknesses of 4-25 nm, regardless of their microstructural properties. The remarkable invariance with film microstructure strongly suggests that intrinsic Gilbert damping in polycrystalline metals at room temperature is a local property of nanoscale crystal grains, with limited impact from grain boundaries and film roughness. By contrast, the in-plane FMR linewidths of the Fe films exhibit distinct nonlinear frequency dependences, indicating the presence of strong extrinsic damping. To fit our in-plane FMR data, we have used a grain-to-grain two-magnon scattering model with two types of correlation functions aimed at describing the spatial distribution of inhomogeneities in the film. However, neither of the two correlation functions is able to reproduce the experimental data quantitatively with physically reasonable parameters. Our findings advance the fundamental understanding of intrinsic Gilbert damping in structurally disordered films, while demonstrating the need for a deeper examination of how microstructural disorder governs extrinsic damping.
Heavy neutral leptons below the kaon mass at hodoscopic detectors
Creators: name: Argüelles, Carlos A.
name: Foppiani, Nicolò
name: Hostert, Matheus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy neutral leptons ($N$) below the kaon mass are severely constrained by cosmology and lab-based searches for their decays in flight. If $N$ interacts via an additional force, $N\toνe^+e^-$ decays are enhanced and cosmological limits can be avoided. We show that the T2K and MicroBooNE neutrino experiments provide the best limits on the mixing of $N$ with muon-neutrinos, outperforming past-generation experiments, previously thought to dominate. We constrain models with electromagnetically-decaying and long-lived $N$, such as in a transition-magnetic-moment portal and in a leptophilic axion-like particle portal, invoked to explain the MiniBooNE excess. By considering these models as representative examples, our results show that explanations of the MiniBooNE excess that involve $e^+e^-$ pairs from long-lived particles are in tension with T2K, PS191, and MicroBooNE data. Similarly, these searches also constrain MiniBooNE explanations based on single photons due to the associated $e^+e^-$ decay mode via a virtual photon.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures Several typos were fixed, and references were added. The work has been expanded to discuss a leptophilic axion-like particle portal model that could explain the MiniBooNE excess
Low-rank statistical finite elements for scalable model-data synthesis
Creators: name: Duffin, Connor
name: Cripps, Edward
name: Stemler, Thomas
name: Girolami, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Statistical learning additions to physically derived mathematical models are gaining traction in the literature. A recent approach has been to augment the underlying physics of the governing equations with data driven Bayesian statistical methodology. Coined statFEM, the method acknowledges a priori model misspecification, by embedding stochastic forcing within the governing equations. Upon receipt of additional data, the posterior distribution of the discretised finite element solution is updated using classical Bayesian filtering techniques. The resultant posterior jointly quantifies uncertainty associated with the ubiquitous problem of model misspecification and the data intended to represent the true process of interest. Despite this appeal, computational scalability is a challenge to statFEM's application to high-dimensional problems typically experienced in physical and industrial contexts. This article overcomes this hurdle by embedding a low-rank approximation of the underlying dense covariance matrix, obtained from the leading order modes of the full-rank alternative. Demonstrated on a series of reaction-diffusion problems of increasing dimension, using experimental and simulated data, the method reconstructs the sparsely observed data-generating processes with minimal loss of information, in both the posterior mean and variance, paving the way for further integration of physical and probabilistic approaches to complex systems.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures, revised version
Temperature estimation of an entangled pair of trapped ions
Creators: name: Neto, O. P. de Sá
name: Costa, H. A. S.
name: Prataviera, G. A.
name: de Oliveira, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply estimation theory to a system formed by two interacting trapped ions. By using the Fisher matrix formalism, we introduce a simple scheme for estimation of the temperature of the longitudinal vibrational modes of the ions. We use the ions interaction to effectively infer the temperature of the individual ions, by optimising the interaction time evolution and by measuring only over one of the ions. We also investigate the effect of a non-thermal reservoir over the inference approach. The non-classicality of one of the ions vibrational modes, introduced due to a squeezed thermal reservoir, improves the indirect inference of the individual temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Observation of spin splitting torque in a collinear antiferromagnet RuO2
Creators: name: Bai, Hua
name: Han, Lei
name: Feng, Xiaoyu
name: Zhou, Yongjian
name: Wang, Qian
name: Zhu, Wenxuan
name: Chen, Xianzhe
name: Pan, Feng
name: Fan, Xiaolong
name: Song, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current-induced spin torques provide efficient data writing approaches for magnetic memories. Recently, the spin splitting torque (SST) was theoretically predicted (R. González-Hernández et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 127701 (2021)), which combines advantages of conventional spin transfer torque (STT) and spin-orbit torque (SOT) as well as enables controllable spin polarization. Here we provide the experimental evidence of SST in collinear antiferromagnet RuO2 films. The spin current direction is found to be correlated to the crystal orientation of RuO2 and the spin polarization direction is dependent on (parallel to) the Néel vector. These features are quite characteristic for the predicted SST. Our finding not only present a new member for the spin torques besides traditional STT and SOT, but also proposes a promising spin source RuO2 for spintronics.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Half-Metallicity in Smallest Cage-like Cluster of CdTe with Doping of Transition Metal Atoms
Creators: name: Chavan, Kashinath Tukaram
name: Chandra, Sharat
name: Kshirsagar, Anjali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report first principles theory based electronic structure studies of a semiconducting stoichiometric cage-like Cd9Te9 cluster. Substantial changes are observed in the electronic structure of the cluster on passivation with fictitious hydrogen atoms, in particular, widening of the energy gap between highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and enhancement in stability of cluster is seen. The cluster, when substitutionally mono-doped for a Cd by a set of 3d and 4d transition metal atoms (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ru, Rh and Pd), is found to acquire polarization as seen from spin resolved density of states near Fermi level. Further, such mono-doping in passivated cluster shows half-metallic behavior. Mapping of partial density of states of each system on that of undoped cluster reveals additional levels caused by doping each TM atom separately. In the 3d elemental doping, Ti and Mn doping result into electron type doping whereas all other cases result into hole doped systems. For all the 4d elements studied, it is akin to the doping with holes for Cd substitution in the outer ring, whereas for Ru and Rh, there is electron type doping in case of substitution for Cd in central ring upon passivation. A comparison of partial density of states plots for bare and passivated clusters, on doping with transition metal atoms, suggests suitability of the cage-like cluster for spintronics applications.
Searching for BSM Physics in Yukawa Couplings and Flavour Symmetries
Creators: name: Alonso-Gonzalez, J.
name: de Giorgi, A.
name: Merlo, L.
name: Pokorski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, we compare the lower bounds on the scale of new physics possibly contributing to the $f\bar{f}h$ effective couplings, obtained from the measurements of different observables, under the assumption that the Wilson coefficients of the relevant dim 6 operators respect certain flavour structure: either the Minimal Flavour Violation (MFV) ansatz or a flavour symmetry, often invoked to explain the observed pattern of fermion masses and mixings. We perform a global analysis of the bounds following from the limits on the diagonal couplings measured in the Higgs boson production and decays at the LHC experiments. Another set of bounds is obtained from the limits on non-diagonal couplings constrained by the variety of flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) and radiative decay processes. With the present precision of the LHC data, the FCNC data give stronger bounds on the scale of new physics than the collider data (obviously, for the MFV ansatz only collider data are relevant): once the Wilson coefficients respect some flavour structure, the obtained bounds are in the TeV range. In the quark case, these limits are compatible with a few percent deviations from the SM Yukawa couplings and only mildly more stringent than those obtained from the available collider data. For leptons, instead, the FCNC bounds are stronger and then a signal in the near future collider data would mean the violation of the flavour symmetry or indicate the presence of additional beyond the Standard Model contributions, affecting the flavour observables, that leads to cancellations.
description: 34 pages, 13 tables, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication on JHEP: references added, typos corrected, results unchanged
Discovery of a Highly Eccentric, Chromospherically Active Binary: ASASSN-V J192114.84+624950.8
Creators: name: Way, Zachary S.
name: Jayasinghe, T.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Vallely, Patrick
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Holoien, Thomas W. -S.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of an All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) search for sources with large flux decrements, we discovered a transient where the quiescent, stellar source, ASASSN-V J192114.84+624950.8, rapidly decreased in flux by $\sim55\%$ ($\sim0.9$ mag) in the g-band. The \textit{TESS} light curve revealed that the source is a highly eccentric, eclipsing binary. Fits to the light curve using \textsc{phoebe} find the binary orbit to have $e=0.79$, $P_{\rm orb}=18.462~\text{days}$, and $i=88.6^{\circ}$ and the ratios of the stellar radii and temperatures to be $R_2/R_1 = 0.71$ and $T_{e,2}/T_{e,1} = 0.82$. Both stars are chromospherically active, allowing us to determine their rotational periods of $P_1=1.52$ days and $P_2=1.79$ days, respectively. A LBT/MODS spectrum shows that the primary is a late-G or early-K type dwarf. Fits to the SED show that the luminosities and temperatures of the two stars are $L_1 = 0.48~L_{\sun}$, $T_1= 5050~K$, $L_2 = 0.12~L_{\sun}$, and $T_{2} = 4190~K$. We conclude that ASASSN-V J192114.84+624950.8 consists of two chromospherically active, rotational variable stars in a highly elliptical eclipsing orbit.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Classical double copy at null infinity
Creators: name: Adamo, Tim
name: Kol, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give two double copy prescriptions which construct asymptotically flat solutions in gravity from asymptotically flat gauge fields. The first prescription applies to radiative fields, which are non-linear vacuum solutions determined by characteristic data at null infinity. For any two such radiative gauge fields (linear or non-linear), the characteristic data of a radiative metric, dilaton and axion is constructed by a simple `squaring' procedure, giving a classical double copy at the level of radiation fields. We demonstrate the procedure with several examples where the characteristic data can be explicitly integrated; for linear fields this also sheds light on the twistorial description of Weyl double copy. Our second prescription applies to all asymptotically flat fields at the level of their asymptotic equations of motion: we give a map between any solution of the asymptotic Maxwell equations and any solution of the asymptotic Einstein equations at null infinity. This also extends to the asymptotic charges and their duals, preserves the soft and hard sectors between gauge theory and gravity, and is related to the usual notion of double copy in scattering amplitudes.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures. v2: additions to references and discussion
Bragg scattering from a random potential
Creators: name: Kim, Donghwan
name: Heller, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A potential for propagation of a wave in two dimensions is constructed from a random superposition of plane waves around all propagation angles. Surprisingly, despite the lack of periodic structure, sharp Bragg diffraction of the wave is observed, analogous to a powder diffraction pattern. The scattering is partially resonant, so Fermi's golden rule does not apply. This phenomenon would be experimentally observable by sending an atomic beam into a chaotic cavity populated by a single mode laser.
Fast DAQ system with image rejection for axion dark matter searches
Creators: name: Ahn, S.
name: Lee, M. J.
name: Yi, A. K.
name: Yeo, B.
name: Ko, B. R.
name: Semertzidis, Y. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fast data acquisition (DAQ) system for axion dark matter searches utilizing a microwave resonant cavity, also known as axion haloscope searches, has been developed with a two-channel digitizer that can sample 16-bit amplitudes at rates up to 180 MSamples/s. First, we realized a practical DAQ efficiency of greater than 99% for a single DAQ channel, where the DAQ process includes the online fast Fourier transforms (FFTs). Using an IQ mixer and two parallel DAQ channels, we then also implemented a software-based image rejection without losing the DAQ efficiency. This work extends our continuing effort to improve the figure of merit in axion haloscope searches, the scanning rate.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. JINST accepted
Dilaton in scalar QFT: a no-go theorem in $4-\varepsilon$ and $3-\varepsilon$ dimensions
Creators: name: Nogradi, Daniel
name: Ozsvath, Balint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous scale invariance breaking and the associated Goldstone boson, the dilaton, is investigated in renormalizable, unitary, interacting non-supersymmetric scalar field theories in $4-\varepsilon$ dimensions. At leading order it is possible to construct models which give rise to spontaneous scale invariance breaking classically and indeed a massless dilaton can be identified. Beyond leading order, in order to have no anomalous scale symmetry breaking in QFT, the models need to be defined at a Wilson-Fisher fixed point with exact conformal symmetry. It is shown that this requirement on the couplings is incompatible with having the type of flat direction which would be necessary for an exactly massless dilaton. As a result spontaneous scale symmetry breaking and an exactly massless dilaton can not occur in renormalizable, unitary $4-\varepsilon$ dimensional scalar QFT. The arguments apply to $ϕ^6$ theory in $3-\varepsilon$ dimensions as well.
description: 13 pages
Romance Nuevo, en que se declara y da cuenta, como estando cautivo un cristiano: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Romance Nuevo, en que se declara y da cuenta, como estando cautivo un cristiano: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool e-Scriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Three problems in computer vision: design, fabrication and analysis of paper sensors for detecting food contaminants, segmentation of food crystal images, and zero-shot action recognition in video sequences.
Creators: name: Liang, Qiyue
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 300699
subject: Food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This dissertation delves into three projects within the realms of image processing, computer vision, and machine/deep learning. The primary objective of the first project is the detection of heavy metal particle concentrations using microfluidic paper-based devices. The second project revolves around the analysis of crystals within microscopic images. The third project centers around zero-shot action recognition in video sequences, utilizing a multi-modality deep learning framework that is refined through prompt tuning to enhance its performance.
Provably Stable Flux Reconstruction High-Order Methods on Curvilinear Elements
Creators: name: Cicchino, Alexander
name: Fernández, David C. Del Rey
name: Nadarajah, Siva
name: Chan, Jesse
name: Carpenter, Mark H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Provably stable flux reconstruction (FR) schemes are derived for partial differential equations cast in curvilinear coordinates. Specifically, energy stable flux reconstruction (ESFR) schemes are considered as they allow for design flexibility as well as stability proofs for the linear advection problem on affine elements. Additionally, split forms are examined as they enable the development of energy stability proofs. The first critical step proves, that in curvilinear coordinates, the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) conservative and non-conservative forms are inherently different--even under exact integration and analytically exact metric terms. This analysis demonstrates that the split form is essential to developing provably stable DG schemes on curvilinear coordinates and motivates the construction of metric dependent ESFR correction functions in each element. Furthermore, the provably stable FR schemes differ from schemes in the literature that only apply the ESFR correction functions to surface terms or on the conservative form, and instead incorporate the ESFR correction functions on the full split form of the equations. It is demonstrated that the scheme is divergent when the correction functions are only used for surface reconstruction in curvilinear coordinates. We numerically verify the stability claims for our proposed FR split forms and compare them to ESFR schemes in the literature. Lastly, the newly proposed provably stable FR schemes are shown to obtain optimal orders of convergence. The scheme loses the orders of accuracy at the equivalent correction parameter value c as that of the one-dimensional ESFR scheme.
Boosted decision trees in the era of new physics: a smuon analysis case study
Creators: name: Cornell, Alan S.
name: Doorsamy, Wesley
name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Harmsen, Gerhard
name: Mason, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning algorithms are growing increasingly popular in particle physics analyses, where they are used for their ability to solve difficult classification and regression problems. While the tools are very powerful, they may often be under- or mis-utilised. In the following, we investigate the use of gradient boosting techniques as applicable to a generic particle physics problem. We use as an example a Beyond the Standard Model smuon collider analysis which applies to both current and future hadron colliders, and we compare our results to a traditional cut-and-count approach. In particular, we interrogate the use of metrics in imbalanced datasets which are characteristic of high energy physics problems, offering an alternative to the widely used area under the curve (auc) metric through a novel use of the F-score metric. We present an in-depth comparison of feature selection and investigation using a principal component analysis, Shapley values, and feature permutation methods in a way which we hope will be widely applicable to future particle physics analyses. Moreover, we show that a machine learning model can extend the 95% confidence level exclusions obtained in a traditional cut-and-count analysis, while potentially bypassing the need for complicated feature selections. Finally, we discuss the possibility of constructing a general machine learning model which is applicable to probe a two-dimensional mass plane.
description: 35 pages, 7 images
The Baltimore Oriole's Nest: Cool Winds from the Inner and Outer Parts of a Star-Forming Galaxy at z=1.3
Creators: name: Wang, Weichen
name: Kassin, Susan A.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Koo, David C.
name: Cunningham, Emily C.
name: Yesuf, Hassen M.
name: Barro, Guillermo
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Weiner, Benjamin
name: de la Vega, Alexander
name: Guo, Yicheng
name: Heckman, Timothy M
name: Pacifici, Camilla
name: Wang, Bingjie
name: Welker, Charlotte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong galactic winds are ubiquitous at $z\gtrsim 1$. However, it is not well known where inside galaxies these winds are launched from. We study the cool winds ($\sim 10^4$\,K) in two spatial regions of a massive galaxy at $z=1.3$, which we nickname the "Baltimore Oriole's Nest." The galaxy has a stellar mass of $10^{10.3\pm 0.3} M_\odot$, is located on the star-forming main sequence, and has a morphology indicative of a recent merger. Gas kinematics indicate a dynamically complex system with velocity gradients ranging from 0 to 60 $\mathrm{km}\cdot\mathrm{s}^{-1}$. The two regions studied are: a dust-reddened center (Central region), and a blue arc at 7 kpc from the center (Arc region). We measure the \ion{Fe}{2} and \ion{Mg}{2} absorption line profiles from deep Keck/DEIMOS spectra. Blueshifted wings up to 450 km$\cdot$s$^{-1}$ are found for both regions. The \ion{Fe}{2} column densities of winds are $10^{14.7\pm 0.2}\,\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$ and $10^{14.6\pm 0.2}\,\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$ toward the Central and Arc regions, respectively. Our measurements suggest that the winds are most likely launched from both regions. The winds may be driven by the spatially extended star formation, the surface density of which is around 0.2 $M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}\cdot \mathrm{kpc}^{-2}$ in both regions. The mass outflow rates are estimated to be $4\,M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ and $3\,M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ for the Central and Arc regions, with uncertainties of one order-of-magnitude or more. Findings of this work and a few previous studies suggest that the cool galactic winds at $z\gtrsim 1$ might be commonly launched from the entire spatial extents of their host galaxies due to extended galaxy star formation.
description: Accepted to ApJ
A probabilistic framework for particle-based reaction-diffusion dynamics using classical Fock space representations
Creators: name: del Razo, Mauricio J.
name: Frömberg, Daniela
name: Straube, Arthur V.
name: Schütte, Christof
name: Höfling, Felix
name: Winkelmann, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82-10, 82C22, 82C31, 82M60, 82M10, 65C35, 92-10, 92C40

description: The modeling and simulation of stochastic reaction-diffusion processes is a topic of steady interest that is approached with a wide range of methods. \rev{At the level of particle-resolved descriptions, where chemical reactions are coupled to the spatial diffusion of individual particles, there exist comprehensive numerical simulation schemes, while the corresponding mathematical formalization is relatively underdeveloped. The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to systematically formulate the probabilistic evolution equation, termed chemical diffusion master equation (CDME), that governs particle-based stochastic reaction-diffusion processes. To account for the non-conserved and unbounded particle number of this type of open systems, we employ a classical analogue of the quantum mechanical Fock space that contains the symmetrized probability densities of the many-particle configurations in space. Following field-theoretical ideas of second quantization, we introduce creation and annihilation operators that act on single-particle densities and provide natural representations of symmetrized probability densities as well as of reaction and diffusion operators. These operators allow us to consistently and systematically formulate the CDME for arbitrary reaction schemes. The resulting form of the CDME further serves as the foundation to derive more coarse-grained descriptions of reaction-diffusion dynamics. In this regard, we show that a discretization of the evolution equation by projection onto a Fock subspace generated by a finite set of single-particle densities leads to a generalized form of the well-known reaction-diffusion master equation, which supports non-local reactions between grid cells and which converges properly in the continuum limit.
New angular (and other) cuts to improve the higgsino signal at the LHC
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Barger, Vernon
name: Sengupta, Dibyashree
name: Tata, Xerxes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the fact that naturalness arguments strongly suggest that the SUSY-preserving higgsino mass parameter mu cannot be too far above the weak scale, we re-examine higgsino pair production in association with a hard QCD jet at the HL-LHC. We focus on \ell^+\ell^-+\eslt+j events from the production and subsequent decay, \tchi_2^0\to\tchi_1^0\ell^+\ell^-, of the heavier neutral higgsino. The novel feature of our analysis is that we suggest angular cuts to reduce the important background from Z(\to ττ)+j events more efficiently than the m_{ττ}^2<0 cut that has been used by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. Other cuts, needed to reduce backgrounds from t\bar{t}, WWj and W/Z+\ell\bar{\ell} production, are also delineated. We plot out the reach of LHC14 for 300 and 3000~fb^{-1} and also show distributions that serve to characterize the higgsino signal, noting that higgsinos may well be the only superpartners accessible at LHC14 in a well-motivated class of natural SUSY models.
description: 33 pages including 26 .png figures; version 2 has minor typo changes to coincide with published version
Hybrid Dynamic Contrast and Probability Distillation for Unsupervised Person Re-Id
Creators: name: Cheng, De
name: Zhou, Jingyu
name: Wang, Nannan
name: Gao, Xinbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised person re-identification (Re-Id) has attracted increasing attention due to its practical application in the read-world video surveillance system. The traditional unsupervised Re-Id are mostly based on the method alternating between clustering and fine-tuning with the classification or metric learning objectives on the grouped clusters. However, since person Re-Id is an open-set problem, the clustering based methods often leave out lots of outlier instances or group the instances into the wrong clusters, thus they can not make full use of the training samples as a whole. To solve these problems, we present the hybrid dynamic cluster contrast and probability distillation algorithm. It formulates the unsupervised Re-Id problem into an unified local-to-global dynamic contrastive learning and self-supervised probability distillation framework. Specifically, the proposed method can make the utmost of the self-supervised signals of all the clustered and un-clustered instances, from both the instances' self-contrastive level and the probability distillation respective, in the memory-based non-parametric manner. Besides, the proposed hybrid local-to-global contrastive learning can take full advantage of the informative and valuable training examples for effective and robust training. Extensive experiment results show that the proposed method achieves superior performances to state-of-the-art methods, under both the purely unsupervised and unsupervised domain adaptation experiment settings.
title: Framing Agricultural Negotiations under a U.S.– UK Free Trade Agreement
Creators: name: Coleman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: United States International Trade Commission
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05hsggr76
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: As a result of Brexit the UK is now able to pursue an independent trade policy, including entering into
free trade agreements (FTA) with non-EU trading partners. A top trade priority for the UK government
post Brexit was to enter an FTA with the United States. While formal FTA negotiations were launched in
2020, progress has stalled under the Biden administration’s new U.S. “worker-centered” trade policy in
which pursuing FTA negotiations launched under previous Administrations is not a high priority. It is
unclear if, and when, formal U.S.-UK FTA negotiations will resume. However, pressure for a resumption
is coming from some policymakers in U.S. Congress as well as several agricultural business leaders and
industry representatives, who have expressed hope the negotiations will resume so that market access
barriers to U.S. exports in the UK market can be addressed. This paper is to provide a “state of play,” as
well as background information and data in support of U.S. policymakers and the Administration’s
agricultural trade negotiators if formal U.S.-UK FTA talks resume. It summarizes progress to date and
provides perspective on what is at stake for the negotiation in terms of opportunities for increased
market access for U.S. agricultural exports. It also provides a description of recent agricultural trade
trends between the United States and the UK. The paper also identifies the agricultural products and
tariff lines likely to be covered, as well as the broad agricultural issue areas likely to be covered.
Characterizing X-ray activity cycles of young solar-like stars with solar observations
Creators: name: Coffaro, M.
name: Stelzer, B.
name: Orlando, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Throughout an activity cycle, magnetic structures rise to the stellar surface, evolve and decay. Tracing their evolution on a stellar corona allows us to characterize the X-ray cycles. However, directly mapping magnetic structures is feasible only for the Sun, while such structures are spatially unresolved with present-day X-ray instruments on stellar coronae. We present here a new method, implemented by us, that indirectly reproduces the stellar X-ray spectrum and its variability with solar magnetic structures. The technique converts solar corona observations into a format identical to that of stellar X-ray observations and, specifically, XMM-Newton spectra. From matching these synthetic spectra with those observed for a star of interest, a fractional surface coverage with solar magnetic structures can be associated to each X-ray observation. We apply this method to two young solar-like stars: $ε$ Eri ($\sim 400$ Myr), the youngest star to display a coronal cycle ($\sim 3$ yr), and Kepler 63 ($\sim 200$ Myr), for which the X-ray monitoring did not reveal a cyclic variability. We found that even during the cycle minimum a large portion of $ε$ Eri's corona is covered with active structures. Therefore, there is little space for additional magnetic regions during the maximum, explaining the small observed cycle amplitude ($Δf \sim 0.12$) in terms of the X-ray luminosity. Kepler 63 displays an even higher coverage with magnetic structure than the corona of $ε$ Eri. This supports the hypothesis that for stars younger than $<400$ Myr the X-ray cycles are inhibited by a massive presence of coronal regions.
description: Submitted to AN for the Proceeding of the XMM-Newton 2021 Workshop. 7 pages, 4 figures
The Value of Publishing Negative Results in Neuroscience: Addressing Publication Bias and Enhancing Reproducibility
Creators: name: Ferraioli, Francesca
Publisher: name: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities
Year: 2024
Subjects: Negative Results; Publication bias; Reproducibility; Effect Sizes; Registered Reports

description: Publication bias poses a critical challenge in scientific literature, where positive results are more frequently highlighted than negative or null findings. This bias distorts the evidence base, undermining transparency, integrity, and the reproducibility of scientific discoveries.
In the field of neuroscience, these issues are particularly significant due to the complexity of brain processes and individual variability in responses.
This article explores the importance of publishing negative and non-confirmatory results, emphasizing their role in reducing publication bias and strengthening the reliability of scientific conclusions. Through an analysis of representative studies, we discuss the impact of negative findings on reproducibility and the overall understanding of neuroscientific phenomena. Additionally, we propose strategies and recommendations to encourage the publication of such results, fostering a culture of transparency and methodological robustness in neuroscience research. The clinical implications of addressing publication bias are also highlighted, showcasing how balanced reporting can influence patient care and treatment strategies. At the end, some statistical strategies were presented to address the discussed bias.
description: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities, Vol 1, No 2 (2024)
Shaping Preferences Through Memory: Aged-Related Mechanisms in Dissonance Reduction
Creators: name: Reale, Maria Laura
name: Turriziani, Patrizia
name: Oliveri, Massimiliano
name: Mangano, Renata
Publisher: name: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities
Year: 2024
Subjects: Choice-induced attitude change; cognitive dissonance; episodic memory; recognition memory; aging

description: Preference change is a robust phenomenon observed in internally guided decision-making situations.


Choice-induced preference change, in particular, occurs when individuals revise their preferences to align with their choices, reducing cognitive dissonance—a psychological state of discomfort arising from conflicting cognitions. Episodic memory has been suggested to play a role in this process, by helping recall choice-relevant information that reinforces post-choice preferences. However, age-related declines in memory may weaken this mechanism, leading to diminished preference adjustments in older adults.


This study explored the relationship between episodic memory and choice-induced preference change in young and older adults. A sample of 33 healthy subjects aged 20-75 years underwent an adapted free-choice paradigm that included a recognition memory test for the choice made. Our results showed that younger participants exhibited significant preference changes in both overall and remembered choices, whereas older participants showed no such adjustments.


These findings suggest that episodic memory supports choice-induced preference change in younger adults. In contrast, other mechanisms susceptible to aging may underlie dissonance reduction in older adults such as executive functions and/or emotional-affective factors.
description: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities, Vol 1, No 2 (2024)
Motor Imagery in the Primary Motor Cortex: A preliminary review
Creators: name: Riggio, Febronia
name: Gangemi, Amelia
Publisher: name: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities
Year: 2024

description: Understanding the role of motor cortex (M1) in motor imaginary (MI) is an interesting area of research for the treatment of pathological conditions affecting motor execution. For this reason, in this preliminary review, we examine the literature on the role of M1 in MI. In particular, we review studies that have used brain imaging and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques to investigate M1 activation during MI tasks. Since the literature on this topic is quite inconsistent, in the present paper we distinguish between two lines of research: studies that confirm M1 involvement in MI and research that show that there is no M1 activation during tasks of MI. In addition, studies on neurological disorders and age differences related to the connection between MI and M1 are reviewed.
description: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities, Vol 1, No 2 (2024)
Historical importance of Cuddalore through  Archaeological Evidences – A Study
Creators: name: International Journal of Indian Science and Research
Publisher: name: International Journal of Indian Science and Research
Year: 2024
Subjects: Archaeological evidences, Cuddalore region, life and livelihood, Georaphical advantages.

description: This study has focused to reveal the historical importance of Cuddalore thorough Archaeological evidences. Archaeological sources are depicted the life and livelihood of the people from Cuddalore on Ancient period. Tamil Nadu is situated in the Southern part of India having unique culture and tradition. There are lot of inscriptions, archaeological evidence existed in this region and exhibited the history of the ancestors. On the path, Cuddalore also having the number of archaeological excavation sites and exploration evidences witnessed the life and livelihood of the archaic period. Geographical advantage made the inhabitants survived in this region through the ages. Thus, Cuddalore become the prominent place in Tamil Nadu during the ancient period which reflects the Archaeological evidence.
Supplementary document for A priori free spectral unmixing with periodic absorbance changes: Application for auto-calibrated intraoperative functional brain mapping - 6465724.pdf
Creators: name: Caredda, Charly
name: Cohen, Jérémy
name: Mahieu-Williame, Laurent
name: SABLONG, Raphael
name: Sdika, Michaël
name: Schneider, Fabien C.
name: Picart, Thiébaud
name: Guyotat, Jacques
name: Montcel, Bruno
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biomarkers

description: Supplemental document
XXX National Annual Congress Italian Psychological Association Experimental Section, Noto (SR), 22nd – 25th September 2024
Creators: name: Massimino, Simona
name: Femminò, Nunzio
name: Orselli, Dario
name: Cosenza, Concetta
Publisher: name: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities
Year: 2025

description: Proceedings
description: Preliminary Reports and Negative Results in Life Science and Humanities, Vol 1, No 2 (2024): Supplementum
Elliptica: a new pseudo-spectral code for the construction of initial data
Creators: name: Rashti, Alireza
name: Fabbri, Francesco Maria
name: Brügmann, Bernd
name: Chaurasia, Swami Vivekanandji
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Ujevic, Maximiliano
name: Tichy, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical studies of the dynamics of gravitational systems, e.g., black hole-neutron star systems, require physical and constraint-satisfying initial data. In this article, we present the newly developed pseudo-spectral code Elliptica, an infrastructure for construction of initial data for various binary and single gravitational systems of all kinds. The elliptic equations under consideration are solved on a single spatial hypersurface of the spacetime manifold. Using coordinate maps, the hypersurface is covered by patches whose boundaries can adapt to the surface of the compact objects. To solve elliptic equations with arbitrary boundary condition, Elliptica deploys a Schur complement domain decomposition method with a direct solver. In this version, we use cubed sphere coordinate maps and the fields are expanded using Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind. Here, we explain the building blocks of Elliptica and the initial data construction algorithm for a black hole-neutron star binary system. We perform convergence tests and evolve the data to validate our results. Within our framework, the neutron star can reach spin values close to breakup with arbitrary direction, while the black hole can have arbitrary spin with dimensionless spin magnitude $\sim 0.8$.
description: PRD version
Cosmological Constraints on First-Order Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Korwar, Mrunal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-order phase transitions exist in many models beyond the Standard Model and can generate detectable stochastic gravitational waves for a strong one. Using the cosmological observables in big bang nucleosynthesis and cosmic microwave background, we derive constraints on the phase transition temperature and strength parameter in a model-independent way. For a strong phase transition, we find that the phase transition temperature should be above around 2 MeV for both reheating photon and neutrino cases. For a weak one with the temperature below 1 MeV, the phase transition strength parameter is constrained to be smaller than around 0.1. Implications for using a first-order phase transition to explain the NANOGrav observed gravitational wave signal are also discussed.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures