cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Absorption and oral bioavailability of nanoencapsulated curcumin
Creators: name: Yu, Hailong
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Many natural bioactive compounds bear various health-promoting benefits and are incorporated in functional foods. The utilization of the compounds in human body, or the bioavailability is usually not taken into consideration in the process of food formulation. In this Ph.D. study, the problem of the poor bioavailability of polyphenols, such as curcumin, was addressed by development of two nanoscale delivery systems, namely biopolymer micelles and nanoemulsions.     It is known that solubilization and metabolism are two limiting factors for curcumin oral bioavailability. Using Caco-2 cell monolayers model, it was revealed that the permeation of solubilized curcumin was fast and by passive diffusion and that solubilization, not permeation of curcumin limited the absorption and the oral bioavailability. Subsequently, the solubilization of curcumin was improved by encapsulation of curcumin in biopolymer-based micelles and organogel-based formulations. Polymer micelles were generated from modified starch and self-synthesized modified epsilon polylysine. Upon encapsulation, the water solubility of curcumin was greatly increased and curcumin was stabilized against alkaline degradation. Moreover, the in vitro anti-cancer and cellular antioxidant activities of curcumin were also enhanced.     On the other hand, food-grade curcumin organogel with high loading and in vitro bioaccessibility was developed. Based on the organogel, nanoemulsions were further generated to achieve faster and more complete digestion. The absorption mechanism of the nanoemulsion was examined using Caco-2 cell monolayer permeation assay and was suggested as the classic digestion-permeation route. It was further revealed that the oral bioavailability increased by 9-fold compared with unformulated curcumin on mice.     Moreover, the toxicity of nanoemulsions was examined in vitro. Three tested food-grade nanoemulsions did not show significant toxicity on Caco-2 cell monolayers, which suggested that nanoemulsions may not affect the integrity of the small intestine epithelium.    The biopolymer micelles and nanoemulsion formulations can be applied for oral delivery of other water-insoluble compounds for functional food application. And the formulation development method driven by absorption mechanisms also provides an example for future formulation studies.
Synthesis of Noscapinoids for Treatment of Lung Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Lung cancer is the leading cause of smoking-related deaths in the United States, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for more than 80% of patient diagnoses. Moreover, as the disease has been shown to disproportionately affect lower socioeconomic communities, there is an increasing need for effective therapies to reduce the health and economic burden of NSCLC. Among the treatment options, the use of small molecule drugs constitutes a front-line medical treatment. While the effectiveness of these drugs has been validated, the emergence of drug resistance and unfavorable side effects has prompted the search for new and effective chemotherapeutic agents.

 Noscapine is a naturally occurring molecule that exhibits anticancer activity and reduces the volume of NSCLC tumors in mice. Notably, noscapine does not display significant toxicity toward healthy cells and therefore holds significant promise as a milder chemotherapeutic drug. Strategies to increase the potency of noscapine are of significant interest to the medical community, spurring chemists to develop new methods to modify the structure of noscapine. While these efforts have led to derivatives at certain positions on noscapine, modification of the majority of sites of noscapine’s structure are beyond the capabilities of current semisynthetic approaches. A potential solution to this problem is synthesizing untested noscapine derivatives, or noscapinoids from simpler parts with site-specific alterations already in place. This proposal describes the development of a synthetic methodology that will allow for the rapid construction of such unexplored noscapinoids. Importantly, I will aim to modify specific sites that are inaccessible using current semisynthetic strategies and hypothesized to improve the anti-lung cancer activity of noscapine. Ultimately, these efforts will address the need to further evaluate noscapinoids as potential leads against non-small cell lung cancer.
Neural discrimination of vocal communication signals in the avian auditory system
Creators: name: Yoder, Kathleen Marie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Songs are learned in songbirds, much as speech is acquired in human infants, and serve social and reproductive functions. In most songbirds studied to date, males produce learned vocalizations while females do not and the male brain contains a more developed forebrain vocal control pathway. Males use song both in interactions with other males and in courtship displays to varying degrees in different species. In the zebra finch, the male sings to court females, who do not sing, but use this signal in the process of mate selection. Thus this species provides a model of sexual dimorphism in the use of song. An avian forebrain auditory area, NCM, seems to be specialized to discriminate and remember the unique songs of other individuals, through a process of stimulus-specific adaptation, but sex differences in NCM function have not been described. The present study compares neurophysiological responses recorded in NCM of adult male and female zebra finches that were either raised in the general aviary by their parents, or reared in individual isolation with an artificial song tutor. Extra-cellular multi-unit recordings were made at multiple sites bilaterally in NCM of awake, restrained adult birds during song playback to assess auditory responses, stimulus-specific adaptation, preference for conspecific song, and song recognition memory for the tutor song as well as songs heard in adulthood. In a subset of these birds, estradiol levels were manipulated pharmacologically to compare the role of this hormone – which is known to be synthesized in the brain - in auditory responses in the two sexes. The results in untreated birds show differences between males and females in adaptation to song playback in NCM, although absolute responses do not differ between the sexes. Estradiol depletion in both males and females interfered with the memory for recently heard songs, although it had no clear effect on the memory for the tutor song heard in development. In addition, in females, but not males, estradiol depletion disrupted the typical neural response bias for conspecific song. These results are consistent with evolving ideas about the dynamic effects of sex steroids on sensory brain function beyond the established role of these hormones in reproductive behavior. The observations further suggest how, in females in the sexually receptive state, estradiol production in addition to its production in the brain itself, may influence the way the songs of potential suitors are discriminated, remembered and compared in the brain, thus contributing to the process of mate selection.
Myonycteris relicta Bergmans 1980
Creators: name: Monadjem, Ara
name: Schoeman, M. Corrie
name: Reside, April
name: P Io, Dorothea V.
name: Stoffberg, Samantha
name: Bayliss, Julian
name: (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D.
name: Curran, Michael
name: Kopp, Mirjam
name: Taylor, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Myonycteris
Myonycteris relicta

description: Myonycteris relicta Bergmans 1980
A single specimen of this rarely collected species was captured in Chinizuia Forest and constitutes a new species record for Mozambique. The only other record for Southern Africa is from southeast Zimbabwe on the Mozambique border at the Haroni-Rusiti confluence; elsewhere the species occurs in coastal forests of East Africa (Bergmans, 1997).
Field measurements: FA (juvenile female) 71.1 (1); Bm (juvenile female) 52 (1).
description: Published as part of Monadjem, Ara, Schoeman, M. Corrie, Reside, April, P Io, Dorothea V., Stoffberg, Samantha, Bayliss, Julian, (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D., Curran, Michael, Kopp, Mirjam & Taylor, Peter J., 2010, A recent inventory of the bats of Mozambique with documentation of seven new species for the country, pp. 371-391 in Acta Chiropterologica 12 (2) on pages 371-391, DOI: 10.3161/150811010X537963, http://zenodo.org/record/3944583
Rousettus aegyptiacus
Creators: name: Monadjem, Ara
name: Schoeman, M. Corrie
name: Reside, April
name: P Io, Dorothea V.
name: Stoffberg, Samantha
name: Bayliss, Julian
name: (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D.
name: Curran, Michael
name: Kopp, Mirjam
name: Taylor, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Rousettus
Rousettus aegyptiacus

description: Rousettus aegyptiacus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1810)
This species was recorded at four sites in central and northern Mozambique. A large colony was located in a cave system on the Cheringoma plateau (Appendix I).
Field measurements: FA (adult male) 94.6 ± 1.67 (92.3–98.5, 11); Bm (adult male) 135.8 ± 7.08 (122– 149, 11); FA (adult female) 96.8 (96.2–97.3, 2); Bm (adult female) 119 (102–136, 2).
description: Published as part of Monadjem, Ara, Schoeman, M. Corrie, Reside, April, P Io, Dorothea V., Stoffberg, Samantha, Bayliss, Julian, (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D., Curran, Michael, Kopp, Mirjam & Taylor, Peter J., 2010, A recent inventory of the bats of Mozambique with documentation of seven new species for the country, pp. 371-391 in Acta Chiropterologica 12 (2) on page 377, DOI: 10.3161/150811010X537963, http://zenodo.org/record/3944583
Neotrygon australiae Last, White & Seret 2016
Creators: name: White, William T.
name: Ko'Ou, Alfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Myliobatiformes
Dasyatidae
Neotrygon
Neotrygon australiae

description: Neotrygon australiae Last, White & Serét, 2016h
Australian Bluespotted Maskray
Neotrygon australiae Last, White & Serét, 2016h: 542, Figs 5b, 6b, 7b, 9. Holotype: CSIRO H 7016-01. Type locality: southwest of Weipa, Gulf of Carpentaria, Queensland, Australia.
Local synonymy: Neotrygon kuhldi— Filewood, 1973 (in part): 13 (PNG; misspelling of kuhlii). Neotrygon australiae Last et al., 2016 h: 542 (Daru, Western Province); Last et al., 2016a: 585 (New Guinea); White et al., 2018: 240, figs (PNG).
PNG voucher material: (2 spec.) KFRS E.680 (field code 220341), adult male 301 mm DW, KFRS E.681 (field code 220342), adult male 301 mm DW, Daru fish market, Western Province, 9°03.91′ S, 143°12.59′ E, 22 Oct. 2014.
Remarks: Previously considered to be conspecific with Neotrygon kuhlii (Müller & Henle, 1841) but recently described as a new species from northern Australia (not east coast), Papua New Guinea and eastern Indonesia. Filewood (1973) lists N. kuhldi but with variable characters (such as colour) so probably includes multiple species. Possibly restricted to parts of the Western and Gulf provinces with N. cf. trigonoides replacing it further eastwards; ranges for the species in the kuhlii complex in PNG needs investigating.
description: Published as part of White, William T. & Ko'Ou, Alfred, 2018, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of Papua New Guinea, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 4411 (1) on pages 57-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4411.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1221878
Drosophila virilis Sturtevant 1916
Creators: name: Tidon, Rosana
name: Almeida, Jonathan Mendes De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Drosophila
Drosophila virilis

description: virilis Sturtevant, 1916: 330. Type locality: USA, New York. HT M (MCZ). NE PA OR NT AF AU Distr.: Widespread, peridomestic. Colombia (Bogota, D:C). Refs.: Hunter, 1964: 39, Hunter, 1966b: 423.
brevicornis Duda, 1935: 76. Type locality: Russia, Ussuri, Spassk District, Yakovlevka. HT F (ZISP). Syn. Sidorenko, 1993: 254.
description: Published as part of Tidon, Rosana & Almeida, Jonathan Mendes De, 2016, FAMILY DROSOPHILIDAE, pp. 719-751 in Zootaxa 4122 (1) on page 731, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.63, http://zenodo.org/record/263272
The effects of domestic violence on behavior problems of preschool children
Creators: name: Yoo, Jeong Ah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Using four waves across 5 years of a recent longitudinal dataset, this study examined whether domestic violence toward mothers by a child’s father at Year 1 had long-term effects on preschool children’s externalizing and internalizing behavioral outcomes at Year 5 directly or indirectly through maternal mental health and parenting at Year 3. The study also analyzed whether the effects differed depending on poverty and marital status. Findings from structural equation modeling conducted in AMOS showed that domestic violence toward mother by a child’s father at Year 1 was associated with poor maternal mental health and greater use of spanking at Year 3, which in turn were related to greater children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems at Year 5. These associations among latent variables in the models still remained significant even when control variables were included in the analyses; only the path between maternal mental health at Year 3 and children’s internalizing behavior problems at Year 5 was no longer significant. Notably, the direct effect of domestic violence on children’s behavior problems was still significant even after including mediators and control variables in the analyses. Findings from the multiple-group analyses for fully-controlled models revealed that the effects of domestic violence at Year 1 on children’s behavioral outcomes at Year 5 varied by poverty and marital status. Regarding the moderating role of poverty status, contrary to the hypotheses, the overall impacts of domestic violence at Year 1 on both types of behavioral outcomes of children at Year 5 were bigger for nonpoor than for poor families. With respect to the moderating role of marital status, the impacts of domestic violence at Year 1 on children’s externalizing behavior problems at Year 5 were bigger for unmarried-mother than for married-mother families. In contrast, the impacts of domestic violence at Year 1 on children’s internalizing behavior problems at Year 5 were bigger for married-mother than for unmarried-mother families. Findings from this study highlight that the effects of domestic violence on the behavior problems of preschool children are long-term, that those effects vary by socioeconomic categories, such as poverty and marital status, and, therefore, that children’s and their mothers’ needs in violent families vary widely as well. Policy, practice, and research implications are discussed.
Rhinolophus blasii Peters 1867
Creators: name: Monadjem, Ara
name: Schoeman, M. Corrie
name: Reside, April
name: P Io, Dorothea V.
name: Stoffberg, Samantha
name: Bayliss, Julian
name: (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D.
name: Curran, Michael
name: Kopp, Mirjam
name: Taylor, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus blasii

description: Rhinolophus blasii Peters 1867
Eight rhinolophid individuals captured in the foothills and montane plateau of Mount Namuli and two from Mount Mabu were ascribed to R. blasii on the basis of the pointed connecting process, minute 1st upper premolar inside the toothrow, cranial measurements (Table 2) and on molecular grounds. However, peak echolocation frequencies ranged between 93.2–95.4 kHz (ANABAT, Pettersson D240x, n = 10), 8–9 kHz higher than previously recorded for R. blasii in Swaziland and South Africa (Monadjem, 2005; Schoeman and Jacobs, 2008; Monadjem et al., 2007). This difference may be due to geographic variation or may indicate cryptic species.
Field measurements: FA (adult male) 44.6 ± 1.10 (43.5–46.4, 5); Bm (adult male) 8.6 ± 0.65 (8.0–9.5, 5); FA (adult female) 45.1 (44.7–45.4, 2); Bm (adult female) 8.3 (8.0–8.5, 2). Mean nose-leaf width was 8.48 ± 0.33 for males (n = 5) and 8.45 for females (n = 2).
description: Published as part of Monadjem, Ara, Schoeman, M. Corrie, Reside, April, P Io, Dorothea V., Stoffberg, Samantha, Bayliss, Julian, (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D., Curran, Michael, Kopp, Mirjam & Taylor, Peter J., 2010, A recent inventory of the bats of Mozambique with documentation of seven new species for the country, pp. 371-391 in Acta Chiropterologica 12 (2) on page 377, DOI: 10.3161/150811010X537963, http://zenodo.org/record/3944583
Effect of recent auditory environment on neural response in zebra finch auditory cortex
Creators: name: Yang, Lillian
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Songbirds provide a model for studying human vocal learning due to many similarities between the two systems, e.g. a critical period for vocal learning, hemispheric lateralization, and sensory-motor integration for vocal imitation. One area of study relevant to human communication is short term plasticity in auditory cortex as a function of recent auditory experience. Changes in auditory processing in adulthood have been observed in the caudo-medial nidopallium (NCM), a higher auditory area that is known to respond selectively to conspecific vocalizations. To test how recent auditory experience with sounds of another species affects selectivity, adult male zebra finches were housed for 9d in different auditory environments. Two groups of birds were isolated as individuals and received playback of either recorded zebra finch (CONENV; n=9) or canary (HETENV; n=11) aviary. A third group remained in the general zebra finch aviary (Aviary; n=8). On day 9, electrodes placed bilaterally in NCM of these awake restrained birds recorded extracellular multi-unit activity in response to presentation of novel conspecific(ZFStim) and heterospecific (CANStim) songs,and pure tones. We assessed differences in absolute response magnitude, stimulus-specific adaptation, and tuning between exposure groups, stimulus types, hemispheres, and at different depths in NCM.   Both CONENV and HETENV had higher responses overall compared to Aviary. Absolute responses were stronger to ZFStim than to CANStim across all exposure conditions. Preferential responding to conspecific song was greater in the right hemisphere than the left and greater in dorsal than ventral regions of NCM overall. CONENV birds showed higher absolute responses and higher rates of stimulus-specific adaptation in the right hemisphere for both ZFStim and CANStim. HETENV birds had higher absolute responses in the left hemisphere and showed no hemispheric difference in adaptation rates. Exposure to a completely novel auditory environment alters auditory processing of natural stimuli in a lateralized, but not stimulus-specific, manner. The reversal in lateralized processing suggests that the two hemispheres exhibit plasticity in different ways when confronted with the challenge of a new acoustic feature space and are likely to play different roles in the maintenance or revision of perceptual filters and stimulus categories.
Hybrid-Quantum Neural Architecture Search for The Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithm
Creators: name: Zada, Moustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Recent studies in quantum machine learning advocated the use of hybrid models to assist with the limitations ofthe currently existing Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, but what was missing from most of themwas the explanations and interpretations of the choices that were made to pick those exact architectures and thedifferentiation between good and bad hybrid architectures, this research attempts to tackle that gap in the literatureby using the Regularized Evolution algorithm to search for the optimal hybrid classical-quantum architecture forthe Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm, a well-known reinforcement learning algorithm, ultimatelythe classical models dominated the leaderboard with the best hybrid model coming in eleventh place amongall unique models, while we also try to explain the factors that contributed to such results, and for some modelsto behave better than others in hope to grasp a better intuition about what we should consider good practices fordesigning an efficient hybrid architecture.
Analysis of dispersive mixing and breakup of air bubbles during continuous mixing of viscous liquids using experimental and numerical simulation techniques
Creators: name: Vyakaranam, Kiran
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Air bubble dispersion was studied during continuous mixing of a viscous Newtonian liquid in a Readco® 2” twin screw continuous mixer. A detailed review of fundamental bubble and drop breakup theories showed that elongation flows are needed for breakup of drops and bubbles in viscous flows.  The velocity profiles and dispersive mixing ability of the twin screw mixer was analyzed using 3D Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations of flow and mixing and air bubble breakup was studied using experimental image analysis methods.   Analysis of the velocity and pressure profiles showed that an introduction of paddle element stagger (forward or reverse) in a limited region of the mixing region caused variations in the local axial velocity. The axial transport happened mostly through the C-shaped region between the paddle elements and the barrel wall in the no stagger configuration and through the intermeshing region between the co-rotating paddle elements in a forward 45° stagger configuration. In case of a reverse 45° stagger configuration, significant local backflow regions were seen in the intermeshing region. A three region categorization was evident in the distribution of dispersive mixing index, with the highest values (predominantly elongation flow) occurring in the intermeshing region. It is proposed that the elongation flow in the intermeshing region occurred as a result of a squeeze flow created between the moving paddle element surfaces. The introduction of stagger disrupted this effect in and caused elongation flow intensity to be minimal in the intermeshing region.  The measured bubble size distributions showed highest breakup for the no stagger configuration. A maximum stable bubble diameter predicted from local shear rates calculated from the FEM simulations in the mixer correlated well with the experimental mean bubble diameters. Effective shear rates calculated from measured mean bubble diameters were proportional to the mean shear rates calculated by the FEM simulations at various locations in the mixer for all paddle element configurations. This study provides methods to predict the effective shear rate for dispersion of air during continuous mixing of a highly viscous Newtonian liquid that can be applied to complex mixing flows.
Neotrygon picta Last & White 2008
Creators: name: White, William T.
name: Ko'Ou, Alfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Myliobatiformes
Dasyatidae
Neotrygon
Neotrygon picta

description: Neotrygon picta Last & White, 2008
Speckled Maskray
Neotrygon picta Last & White, 2008: 316, Figs 1 –4. Holotype: CSIRO H 5771-01. Type locality: east pf Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.
Local synonymy: Neotrygon kuhldi— Filewood, 1973 (in part): 13 (PNG; misspelling of kuhlii). Neotrygon picta —Last & Stevens, 2009: 455 (possibly southern New Guinea); Last et al., 2016a: 591 (southern PNG); White et al., 2018: 242, figs (PNG).
PNG voucher material: (3 spec.) CSIRO H 7799-01, female 200 mm DW, west of Oriomo River, Western Province, 9°4’26.04” S, 143°8’31.9” E, 26 Oct. 2014; KFRS E.759, juvenile male 140 mm DW, east of Fly River mouth, Gulf of Papua, 8°37’59” S, 144°5′23” E, 8–9 m depth, 13 Dec. 2014; USNM 218544, female 260 mm DW, east side of Daru wharf, Daru, Western Province, 10 Oct. 1975.
Remarks: Filewood (1973) lists N. kuhldi from PNG and mentions two forms, i.e. “either pale with speckles and usually few blue spots, or marbled with dark speckles (possibly 2 species)”; the marbled species likely refers to this species.
description: Published as part of White, William T. & Ko'Ou, Alfred, 2018, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of Papua New Guinea, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 4411 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4411.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1221878
A quantitative data representation framework for structural and functional MR Imaging with application to prostate cancer detection
Creators: name: Viswanath, Satish Easwar
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Prostate cancer (CaP) is currently the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States among men, but there is a paucity of non-invasive image-based information for CaP detection and staging in vivo. Studies have shown the utility of multi-protocol magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to improve CaP detection accuracy by using both T2-weighted (T2w), dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE), and diffusion weighted (DWI) MRI information. In this thesis, we present methods for quantitative representation of structural and functional imaging data with the objective of building  automated classifiers to improve CaP detection accuracy in vivo.     In vivo disease presence was quantified via extraction of textural signatures from T2w MRI. Evaluation of these signatures showed that CaP appearance within each of the two dominant prostate regions (central gland, peripheral zone) is significantly different.  A classifier trained on zone-specific features also yielded a higher detection accuracy compared to a simpler, monolithic combination of all the texture features.     While a number of automated classifiers are available, classifier choice must account for limitations in dataset size and annotation (such as with in vivo prostate MRI). A comprehensive evaluation of different classifier schemes was undertaken for the specific problem of automated CaP detection via T2w MRI on a zonewise basis.  It was found that simple classifiers yielded significantly improved CaP detection accuracies compared to complex classifiers.    Fundamental differences must be overcome when constructing a unified quantitative representation of structural (T2w) and functional (DCE, DWI) MRI. We present a novel technique, referred to as consensus embedding, which constructs a lower dimensional representation (embedding) from a high dimensional feature space such that information (class-based or otherwise) is optimally preserved.  Consensus embedding is shown to result in an improved representation of the data compared to alternative DR-based strategies in a variety of experimental domains.    A unified quantitative representation of T2w, DCE, and DWI prostate MRI was constructed via the consensus embedding framework. This yielded an integrated classifier which was more accurate for CaP detection in vivo as compared to using structural and functional information individually, or using a naive combination of such differing types of information.
Drosophila xanthopallescens Pipkin 1964
Creators: name: Tidon, Rosana
name: Almeida, Jonathan Mendes De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Drosophila
Drosophila xanthopallescens

description: xanthopallescens Pipkin, 1964: 230. Type locality: Panama, Panama, Cerro Campana, 2500 ft. HT M (USNM). NT Distr.: Colombia (Valle del Cauca (Buenaventura)), Panama. Refs.: Pipkin et al., 1966: 142.
description: Published as part of Tidon, Rosana & Almeida, Jonathan Mendes De, 2016, FAMILY DROSOPHILIDAE, pp. 719-751 in Zootaxa 4122 (1) on page 731, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.63, http://zenodo.org/record/263272
Reelin Signaling Involvement in Breast Cancer Cell Migration
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The reelin signaling pathway is a critical regulator of cell positioning in the developing central nervous system. Reelin, a large secreted extracellular glycoprotein, binds to several classes of cell surface receptors including the low-density lipoprotein receptors, ApoER2 and VLDLR, and a3ß1 integrin. Reelin signaling induces phosphorylation of the intracellular adaptor protein Dab1, triggering a cascade that modulates cytoskeletal activity and ultimately regulates cell migration. Several recent studies have suggested that members of the reelin signaling pathway may also function outside the nervous system, particularly in the developing mammary gland.

 In this project, we propose to determine whether reelin signaling affects the migration and behavior of normal and metastatic mammary epithelial cells (MECs). First, using mouse primary cell cultures and tissue transplantation approaches, we will determine whether MEC migration and invasion into the stroma is regulated by reelin signaling. We will test both wild-type cells and cells in which reelin signaling is disrupted. These studies will provide a direct demonstration of the requirement for reelin signaling in regulating MEC migration. In our second aim, we will examine whether components of the reelin signaling pathway are differentially expressed in breast cancer cell lines compared to pre-malignant cells or MECs. We will also determine if the presence of reelin affects the migration of breast cancer cells using a variety of pre-malignant and malignant human cell lines. Finally, we will determine whether mammary tumor

 cells implanted into mutant mice that lack reelin signaling show increased metastatic behavior.

 The regulation of cell positioning and migration is important for understanding how an embryo develops, but it is also critical for understanding the biology of cancer cells. Thus we hope that our studies will open up potential avenues for cancer treatment by modulating reelin signaling activity.
Rhinolophus clivosus Cretzschmar 1828
Creators: name: Monadjem, Ara
name: Schoeman, M. Corrie
name: Reside, April
name: P Io, Dorothea V.
name: Stoffberg, Samantha
name: Bayliss, Julian
name: (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D.
name: Curran, Michael
name: Kopp, Mirjam
name: Taylor, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus clivosus

description: Rhinolophus clivosus Cretzschmar 1828
Several rhinolophid individuals captured in the foothills and montane plateau of Mount Namuli and Mount Mabu were ascribed to R. clivosus on the
basis of the rounded connecting process, minute 1st upper premolar outside of the toothrow, cranial measurements (Table 2) and molecular grounds. However, peak echolocation frequencies ranged between 79.8–81.0 kHz (ANABAT, Pettersson D240x, n = 12), 10–11 kHz lower than in South Africa (Monadjem et al., 2007, 2010; Schoeman and Jacobs, 2008). Despite these differences in echolocation frequency, the Mozambican individuals showed no genetic differentiation (mtDNA control region) from South African R. clivosus.
Field measurements: FA (adult male) 52.7 ± 0.67 (51.8–53.5, 7); Bm (adult male) 14.5 ± 0.91 (13.0– 15.5, 7); FA (adult female) 54.5 (1); Bm (adult female) 16.0 (1). Mean nose-leaf width was 8.13 ± 0.63 for males (n = 7) and 8.0 for the single female.
description: Published as part of Monadjem, Ara, Schoeman, M. Corrie, Reside, April, P Io, Dorothea V., Stoffberg, Samantha, Bayliss, Julian, (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D., Curran, Michael, Kopp, Mirjam & Taylor, Peter J., 2010, A recent inventory of the bats of Mozambique with documentation of seven new species for the country, pp. 371-391 in Acta Chiropterologica 12 (2) on page 377, DOI: 10.3161/150811010X537963, http://zenodo.org/record/3944583
Intervenciones en las ciudades del deseo
Creators: name: Valdez, Elena
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: This dissertation explores some of the strategies used to represent multiple intersections of gender, sexuality and urban space in contemporary narratives from the Hispanic Caribbean (Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico) produced after 2000. An analysis of several contemporary novels illustrates how connections to sexuality and urban space are established a short time after significant political changes on each island, thereby privileging the queer subjects as main spokespersons of the nation in the beginning of the third millennium.  The theoretical framework of my dissertation combines Cultural and Urban Studies, Gender and Queer Theory. On the one hand, this study includes the concept of the lettered city proposed by Ángel Rama as a traditional perception of urban space in Latin America; Michel Foucault’s analysis of space and its relation to power; and the interaction of strategies and tactics proposed by Michel de Certeau. On the other hand, this study implements José Quiroga´s view of sexuality as intervention; Yolanda Martínez San-Miguel’s neologism of ambisexual which refers to identities that oscillate between various sexual identifications without assuming any as definitive; and Arnaldo Cruz-Malavé’s queer subject as an abject excluded from national discourse.    The first chapter of my dissertation focuses on the transformation of a queer subject from an abject to a central character, one who outlines a new national project for Cuba in Contrabando de sombras (2002) by Antonio José Ponte. Chapter two shows how constant relocations within urban space exemplify a crisis of hegemonic masculinity under Trujillo’s totalitarian regime in La estrategia de Chochueca (2000) by Rita Indiana Hernández and El hombre triángulo (2005) by Rey Emmanuel Andújar. Chapter three illustrates how the Puerto Rican queer experience on the island and its diaspora marks the concept of sexuality as something movable and unfixed in No quiero quedarme sola y vacía (2006) by Ángel Lozada and Conversaciones con Aurelia (2007) by Daniel Torres. My fourth and last chapter reevaluates all these texts from the perspective of sex tourism to show how queer sexuality and the nation are redefined in the context of tourism and globalization.
Neotrygon trigonoides
Creators: name: White, William T.
name: Ko'Ou, Alfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Myliobatiformes
Dasyatidae
Neotrygon
Neotrygon trigonoides

description: Neotrygon cf. trigonoides
Papuan Maskray
Local synonymy: Trygon kuhlii —Peters, 1877: 853 (New Ireland); Ogilby, 1888: 19 (southeastern New Guinea). Dasyatis kuhlii – Fowler, 1934: 386 (Port Moresby); Fowler, 1941: 427 (New Guinea); Gochfeld, 1996: 43 (southern New Ireland); Allen, 1998: 67 (Milne Bay); Allen et al., 2003: 112 (Milne Bay); Baine & Harasti, 2007: 93, fig. (Bootless Bay); Hamilton et al., 2009: 73 (northern Bismarck Archipelago); Drew et al., 2012: 5 (Bootless Bay). Amphotistius kuhlii— Munro, 1958: 114 (New Guinea); Kailola, 1987: 28 (PNG). Amphotistius kuhli— Munro, 1967: 15, pl. 2, fig. 20 (New Guinea). Neotrygon kuhldi— Filewood, 1973 (in part): 13 (PNG; misspelling of kuhlii). Neotrygon cf. trigonoides— White et al., 2018: 244, figs (PNG).
PNG voucher material: (9 spec.) CSIRO C 850, juvenile male 151 mm DW, Haidana Island, Port Moresby, 24 Jul. 1948; CSIRO H 8100-01, female 275 mm DW, Motupure Island, Bootless Bay, Port Moresby, 9°31’19” S, 147°17’2” E, <1 m depth, 15 Sep. 2016; KFRS E.057, female 137 mm DW, Laing Island, Madang, 16 Jul. 1965; KFRS E.491, juvenile male 149 mm DW, Pot Island, Siassi, Umboi Islands, Morobe Province, 27 Jan. 1968; KFRS E.526 (2 spec.), adolescent male 243 mm DW, adult male 281 mm DW, no collection data; KFRS E.793, female 219 mm DW, KFRS E.794, female 260 mm DW, no labels, new registration number allocated April 2017, no data; ZMB 9721, adolescent male 261 mm DW, Carteret Islands, New Ireland, 1874–1875 [probably mid-1875, SMS Gazelle survey].
Remarks: First recorded from PNG by Peters (1877) from Carteret Islands, New Ireland (ZMB 9721). Colour pattern and morphology aligns most closely to Neotrygon trigonoides (Castelnau, 1873) but probably not conspecific; specimens from throughout PNG are required to determine whether more than one species is involved.
description: Published as part of White, William T. & Ko'Ou, Alfred, 2018, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of Papua New Guinea, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 4411 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4411.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1221878
Targeting Drug Resistant Breast Cancer by microRNAs
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Endocrine therapy and radio/chemotherapy for local and metastatic breast cancers has significantly improved the survival rate of breast cancer patients. However, drug resistance developed from the two therapies limits their treatment efficiency and finally leads to patient death. The mechanisms underlying drug resistance (endocrine-resistance and/or radio/chemo-resistance) are remained to be fully defined. At the cellular level, breast cancer stem/initiating cells (BCSCs) are thought to be a major subpopulation that mediates the therapy resistance. At the molecular level, two important proteins, c-MYC and ATM, have been shown to be associated with the development of endocrine resistance and radio/chemo-resistance respectively.

 The goal of this project is to establish the role of microRNA (miRNA) in regulating sensitivity of breast cancer cells, including BCSCs, to therapeutic drugs such as antiestrogen, doxorubicin and radiation. MiRNAs are short, regulatory ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules, on average only 22 nucleotides in size. The human genome may encode >1000 miRNAs, which may target the majority of mammalian genes. This study derives from an exciting finding by the PI that miR-421 can suppress ATM expression (Proc Natl Acad Sci 2010; 107(4):1506-11). Further analysis reveals that another miRNA, miR-374b, is just 85bp upstream of miR-421 and forms a "miRNA cluster" (miR-374b/421). Our specific aim is to show that this miRNA cluster could suppress c-MYC and ATM expression concurrently in breast cancer cells. We will use breast cancer cells, including resistant breast cancer cells and BCSCs, as models to test the effects of miR-374b/421 on cell’s sensitivity to anti-estrogen, irradiation or doxorubicin by survival, cell death (apoptosis) and cell cycle (growth potential) analysis.

 A long-term goal of our research is to develop new strategies to augment endocrine therapy or radio/chemotherapy and to modify the drug resistance. A significant proportion of breast cancer patients still develop resistance to these standard treatments, resulting in cancer-related death and treatment failure. In order to develop new strategies against drug resistance, we need to first understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the resistance.
Multi-objective imperfect maintenance for dependent competing risk systems with multiple degradation processes
Creators: name: Wang, Yaping
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Multiple competing risks are one of the important topics in reliability field, especially degradation processes and random shocks. This research aims to relax the independent assumption by considering that there exist dependent relationships not only among multiple degradation measures but also between degradation measure and random shocks. In reality, many systems have multiple components with more than one degradation measure which is dependent with each other due to their interplaying functions or common usage history. Independent assumption may underestimate system reliability estimation under many cases. Random shocks will also contribute to the system failure through two ways: (1) one is working directly on the degradation processes; (2) the other is causing immediate failure to the system.  We develop a new methodology to formulate the reliability prediction model for the gradually degradating systems subject to multiple dependent competing risks of degradation processes and random shocks. Two kinds of random shocks are considered: (1) fatal shocks, which fail the system immediately; (2) non-fatal shocks, which exhibit two effects on the system degradation process, including sudden degradation increment and degradation rate acceleration. The dependency between degradation processes and random shocks are modulated by a time-scaled covariate factors while the dependency among degradation processes are fitted by copula method. Also the reliability and state probability estimation for the systems are derived under the research scope of multi-state system using both analytical and Monte Carlo simulation for the dependent competing-risk systems.   Different maintenance policy models involving imperefect preventive maintenance for this dependent model are introducted and compared with each other. Multi-objective optimization is applied to consider two important targets simultaneously in maintenance issues, including long-run expected cost rate and system availability.
Engineering HIV-Specific T Cell Immunity
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: HIV infection results in life-long persistence of the virus as the immune response fails to effectively clear HIV from the body. Since there are no effective ways, either through drug treatment or through vaccination, to rid the virus in infected individuals, there is a strong need for an alternative strategy to enhance the immune response towards HIV. Through genetic manipulation of a particular type of human stem cells, immune cells can be engineered to combat viral infections. In our preliminary studies, we determined that the genetic modification of human blood stem cells with a key molecule involved in immune killer cell recognition of HIV infected cells, an HIV-specific T cell receptor, allows the production of mature T cells that can directly target and kill HIV infected cells. These results suggest that genetic engineering via stem cells may allow tailoring of cells involved in the immune response to battle HIV infection. In order for a strategy of genetically modifying stem cells to produce HIV-specific killer cells to be an effective clinical therapy, greater understanding of the role of molecularly cloned T cell receptors in producing these cells is necessary. This proposal seeks to molecularly clone a diversity of HIV specific human T cell receptors that can direct stem cells to become mature HIV-specific killer cells. We will characterize the development of stem cells that are genetically modified with these T cell receptors and their ability to recognize and kill HIV infected cells. We will further examine if the modification of a cellular protein involved in muting the HIV-specific T cell response in infected individuals will allow enhanced HIV-specific cellular immune responses with these genetically modified cells. In all, these studies will provide the foundation towards developing a therapeutic strategy that will allow the direct genetic programming of the immune response to combat and clear HIV infection from the body.
Molecular mobility of amorphous disaccharides films by phosphorescence of various probes with indole chromophore group
Creators: name: Wang, Ping
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Amorphous solids lack the long-range order of crystalline solids. Their molecular mobility properties not only modulate the biological properties of seeds, spores and some organisms during anhydrobiosis, but also control the stability and quality of pharmaceuticals, dried and frozen foods.     Tryptophan phosphorescence in proteins provides a sensitive long-lived signal of molecular mobility of the local environment in amorphous sugar matrix. However, there are many factors that need to be studied for a better understanding of the relationship between tryptophan triplet-state lifetimes in proteins and molecular mobility of the local environment. Those factors include the molecular structure of probes and matrix, intermolecular and intramolecular reaction, water content in the matrix, temperature and so on.     The object of this research is to investigate how different groups on phosphorescent probes as well as two different disaccharide matrix influence on non-radiative phosphorescence decay rate at a wide temperature range, and to discuss the possible inter- or/and intra- molecular interaction among probes, water, and disaccharide molecules. Sucrose and trehalose are utilized here as amorphous disaccharide to evaluate how the probes differ in their response to matrix dynamics. And we here used 14 different probes including indole, tryptophan, tryptophanamide, N-acetyltryptophan, N-acetyltryptophanamide, 5-hydoxyltryptophan, 5-methyltryptophan, 4-fluorotryptophan, 6-fluorotryptophan, 5-bromotryptophan, the dipeptides Trp-Gly and Gly-Trp, and 20-residue Trp-cage protein.     Measurements of phosphorescence lifetime for all those triplet state probes in amorphous sucrose and trehalose films as a function of temperature provide data implying significant mobility in the amorphous sugars in the glassy state as well as at the glass-to-melt transition. Generally, all those probes except 5-Br-Trp have an extreme sensitivity of the triplet excited state decay processes to the local environment. Since amorphous trehalose have more packed structure with higher Tg than amorphous sucrose, the molecular mobility in trehalose film are less influenced by temperature and more restricted than one in sucrose over the temperature range from -10°C to 120°C, which is observed by using all different probes in these two films. Most probes provide similar trends of the mobility in amorphous sugar film over a wide temperature range, while there are subtle differences which could be separately caused by intramolecular quenching in Trp-Gly, heavy atom effect in 5-bromotryptophan and 4-fluoro-, 6-fluoro-tryptophan, intermolecular hydrogen-bonding effect in 7-azatryptophan and 5-hydoxyl-tryptophan.