cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Mit Investitionen und Innovationen aus der Corona-Krise
Creators: name: Belitz, Heike
name: Clemens, Marius
name: Fratzscher, Marcel
name: Gornig, Martin
name: Kemfert, Claudia
name: Kritikos, Alexander S.
name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Neuhoff, Karsten
name: Rieth, Malte
name: Spieß, C. Katharina
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: A22 Economic Education and Teaching of Economics: Undergraduate
subject: L26 Entrepreneurship
subject: E22 Capital; Investment; Capacity
subject: E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
subject: E37 Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
subject: E60 Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook: General
subject: O31 Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
subject: Entrepreneuship
subject: Investment
subject: Economic stimulus package
subject: Public finance

description: Die Corona-Krise trifft die deutsche Wirtschaft mit voller Wucht. Tiefe und Breite der Rezession lassen erwarten, dass die Erholung sehr schleppend verläuft. Für einen Neustart der Wirtschaft ist ein Konjunkturprogramm notwendig. Die Bundesregierung hat ein Paket im Umfang von alles in allem zusätzlich 130 Milliarden Euro vorgestellt. Dieses Programm ist grundsätzlich zu begrüßen und enthält viele wichtige Elemente, die auch das DIW Berlin in den vergangenen Wochen gefordert hat. Das DIW Berlin sieht aber im Bereich der Zukunftsinvestitionen ergänzend und teilweise anstelle des Regierungsprogramms zusätzlichen Bedarf, um strukturellen Wandel zu begleiten und das Wachstumspotenzial zu stärken. Die Vorschläge orientieren sich an zusätzlichen Investitionsbedarfen für einen digitalen, ressourcen- und klimaschonenden Umbau der Industrienation Deutschland. Besonderer Fokus liegt auf Investitionen in Schlüsseltechnologien, innovative Gründungen, effektive Bildungssysteme, umweltschonende Infrastrukturen und kommunale Daseinsvorsorge. Das Programm würde das Wachstum in den kommenden zehn Jahren um durchschnittlich 0,5 Prozentpunkte steigern und über 800 000 zusätzliche Arbeitsplätze schaffen. Dieses Investitionspaket in Höhe von rund 190 Milliarden Euro wird nur über eine temporär starke Verschuldung finanziert werden können. Das hier angeregte Investitionsprogramm hat allerdings den Vorteil, dass die Ausgaben unmittelbar positiv auf das Produktionspotenzial und wichtige Ziele der nachhaltigen Entwicklung wirken. Damit profitieren auch kommende Generationen von den heute getroffenen Entscheidungen und können daher auch mit einer Finanzierung über Schulden an den Kosten beteiligt werden.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 87 (2020), 24, S. 442-451
Darboux Integrals for Schrödinger Planar Vector Fields via Darboux Transformations
Creators: name: Acosta-Humánez, Primitivo B.
name: Pantazi, Chara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 12H05 (Primary) 34A30, 34C14, 81Q60, 32S65 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study the Darboux transformations of planar vector fields of Schrödinger type. Using the isogaloisian property of Darboux transformation we prove the "invariance" of the objects of the "Darboux theory of integrability". In particular, we also show how the shape invariance property of the potential is important in order to preserve the structure of the transformed vector field. Finally, as illustration of these results, some examples of planar vector fields coming from supersymmetric quantum mechanics are studied.
Interwoven traditions in Bell Beaker metallurgy: Approaching the social value of copper at Bauma del Serrat del Pont (Northeast Iberia).
Creators: name: Montes-Landa, Julia
name: Murillo-Barroso, Mercedes
name: Montero-Ruiz, Ignacio
name: Rovira-Llorens, Salvador
name: Martinón-Torres, Marcos
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Debates on early metallurgy in Western Europe have frequently focused on the social value of copper (between utilitarian and symbolic) and its purported role in the emergence and consolidation of hierarchies. Recent research shows that generalisations are increasingly untenable and highlights the need for comparative regional studies. Given its location in an intermediate area, the early metallurgy of Northeast Iberia provides an interesting case in point to explore the interaction between the well-characterised traditions of southern Iberia and southern France during the 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE. Here the analytical study of seven Bell Beaker (decorated and undecorated) vessels reused as crucibles at Bauma del Serrrat del Pont (Tortellà, Girona) are presented. We employed pXRF, metallography, SEM-EDS and lead isotope analyses. The results show evidence for copper smelting employing a remarkable variety of ore sources, including Solana del Bepo, Turquesa and Les Ferreres mines, and an extra unknown area. The smelting vessels were manufactured using the same clay, which contained both mineral and organic inclusions. Our results are discussed with reference to all the evidence available for metals and metallurgy in the Northeast, and more broadly in comparison to southern Iberia and southern France, with special emphasis on issues of production organisation and social complexity. Taken together, our results support the notion that copper metallurgy played a predominantly utilitarian role in Bell Beaker societies and highlight idiosyncratic aspects of the metallurgical trajectory in the Northeast. Differences between territories challenge unilinear explanations of technological and social development after the introduction of metallurgy. Separate trajectories can only be explained in relation to area-specific socio-cultural and environmental factors.
Highly Polarized Fermi Gases across a Narrow Feshbach Resonance
Creators: name: Qi, Ran
name: Zhai, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the phase of a highly polarized Fermi gas across a narrow Feshbach resonance starting from the problem of a single down spin fermion immersed in a Fermi sea of up spins. Both polaron and pairing states are considered using the variational wave function approach, and we find that the polaron to pairing transition will take place at the BCS side of the resonance, strongly in contrast to a wide resonance where the transition is located at the BEC side. For pairing phase, we find out the critical strength of repulsive interaction between pairs above which the mixture of pairs and fermions will not phase separate. Therefore, nearby a narrow resonance, it is quite likely that magnetism can coexist with s-wave BCS superfluidity at large Zeeman field, which is a remarkable property absent in conventional BCS superconductors (or fermion pair superfluids).
description: 4.5 pages with 4 figures plus 2.5 pages with one figure of supplementary material, typos corrected, references updated
title: Causes of MR elastography failure: focus on T2* decay values
Creators: name: Mussetto, Ilaria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Haematologic
subject: MR-Elastography
subject: MR
subject: Elastography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To report the frequency and discern potential reasons for liver magnetic resonance elastography technical failure in the clinical setting of a single...
Search for long-lived neutral particles in final states with a muon and multi-track displaced vertex with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Loh, Chang Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: This work presents the result of a search for a new long-lived neutral particle decaying into a muon and charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with a total integrated luminosity of 4.4 inverse femtobarn, using the ATLAS detector located at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Many extensions to the current Standard Model of particle physics predict the existence of such new particles, including the neutralino in an R-parity violating supersymmetry scenario. In this search, a set of selection criteria has been established to be sensitive to this kind of signal, in addition to evaluating the background in a data-driven manner. No excess of events above the expected background is observed with the collected data and limits are set on the squark pair production cross section, multiplied by the branching ratio for a squark to decay, via a long-lived neutralino, to a muon and charged hadrons, as a function of the neutralino lifetime.
Embedding formal and experiential public and patient involvement training in a structured PhD programme: process and impact evaluation
Creators: name: Pierce, Maria
name: Foley, Louise
name: Kiely, Bridget
name: Croke, Aisling
name: Larkin, James
name: Smith, Susan M.
name: Clyne, Barbara
name: Murphy, Edel
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background Incorporating Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) into doctoral research is valued by PhD funders and scholars. Providing early career researchers with appropriate training to develop skills to conduct meaningful PPI involvement is important. The Health Research Board (HRB) Collaborative Doctoral Award in MultiMorbidity programme (CDA-MM) embedded formal PPI training in its structured education. The four participating PhD scholars established a PPI panel comprising people living with two or more chronic conditions, presenting an opportunity for experiential PPI training. This study aimed to evaluate the process and impact of embedding PPI training in a struc?tured PhD programme. Methods This study was a longitudinal mixed-methods evaluation, conducted over 24 months (June 2020 to June 2022). A process evaluation provided an understanding of how PPI was embedded and explored the experiences of key stakeholders involved. An impact evaluation assessed the impact of embedding PPI training in the programme. Participants included PhD scholars, PPI contributors and PhD supervisors. The data collection and analysis was led by an independent researcher not aligned with the CDA-MM. Data collection methods included five focus groups, individual interviews (n=6), an impact log, activity logs and group reflections. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic and content analysis and quantitative data analysed using descriptive statistics. Results Embedding formal and experiential PPI training in a structured PhD programme is feasible. Both approaches to training are fundamental to building PPI capacity. Involvement of an experienced and knowledgeable PPI lead throughout is perceived as critical. The PPI panel approach offered a good example of embedded consultation and worked well in a structured PhD programme, providing PhD scholars with ample opportunities for learning about PPI and its implementation. For PPI contributors, culture was the most important indicator of quality and was positively evaluated. Key roles for PhD supervisors were identifed. Embedding formal and experiential PPI training impacted positively on many diferent aspects of individual PhD research projects and on PhD scholars as researchers. There were positive impacts for PPI contributors and PhD supervisors. Conclusions Embedding formal and experiential PPI training in a structured PhD programme is a novel approach. The evaluation has identifed a number of lessons that can inform future doctoral programmes seeking to embed formal and experiential PPI training
title: A radiomic approach for successful distinction of infection versus inflammation in patients treated with reparative orthopaedic surgery: a pilot study
Creators: name: D'Amico, Natascha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: PET-CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Prostheses

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the value of PET in differentiating infection from inflammation in patients with joint prosthesis implant (JP) or post-traumatic synthesis interventions (SI) using a Radiomic approach. Radiomics refers to...
How infectious diseases arrived in the colonial Americas
Creators: name: Pimenoff, Ville N
name: Houldcroft, Charlotte J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Insight
Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Ancient Viruses
ancient viruses
Africa
paleovirology
b19v
hbv
paleogenomics
Human
Virus

description: Analysis of viral DNA from human remains suggests that the transatlantic slave trade may have introduced new pathogens that contributed to the devastating disease outbreaks in colonial Mexico.
Leibniz Algebras and Lie Algebras
Creators: name: Mason, Geoffrey
name: Yamskulna, Gaywalee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A32

description: This paper concerns the algebraic structure of finite-dimensional complex Leibniz algebras. In particular, we introduce left central and symmetric Leibniz algebras, and study the poset of Lie subalgebras using an associative bilinear pairing taking values in the Leibniz kernel.
What determines the properties of the X-ray jets in FR-I radio galaxies?
Creators: name: Harwood, Jeremy
name: Hardcastle, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first large sample investigation of the properties of jets in Fanaroff and Riley type I radio galaxies (FR-I) based on data from the Chandra archive. We explore relations between the properties of the jets and the properties of host galaxies in which they reside. We find previously unknown correlations to exist, relating photon index, volume emissivity, jet volume and luminosity, and find that the previously long held assumption of a relationship between luminosities at radio and X-ray wavelengths is linear in nature when bona fide FR-I radio galaxies are considered. In addition, we attempt to constrain properties which may play a key role in determination of the diffuse emission process. We test a simple model in which large-scale magnetic field variations are primarily responsible for determining jet properties; however, we find that this model is inconsistent with our best estimates of the relative magnetic field strength in our sample. Models of particle acceleration should attempt to account for our results if they are to describe FR-I jets accurately.
description: 14 Pages, 2 Figures, 9 Tables, Final Version, Published in MNRAS
title: Paediatric Interventional Cardiology Diagnostic Reference Levels in Ireland
Creators: name: McCoubrey, Siobhan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Paediatric
subject: Cardiac

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this work was to propose a set of national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for paediatric interventional cardiology (IC) procedures for the Irish population. As has been previously reported [1], little published information exists on...
Effect of Si-doped InGaN underlayers on photoluminescence efficiency and recombination dynamics in InGaN/GaN quantum wells
Creators: name: Church, S A
name: Christian, G M
name: Barrett, R M
name: Hammersley, S
name: Kappers, M J
name: Frentrup, M
name: Oliver, R A
name: Binks, D J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paper
Semiconductors and photonics
Si
doped
InGaN
underlayers
photoluminescences
quantum well

description: Abstract: A series of single InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) with a Si-doped InGaN underlayer were studied to investigate the impact of the underlayer on photoluminescence efficiency and recombination dynamics. The thickness of the GaN capping layer was varied between samples, which changed the electric field across the QW due to band bending near the surface. When directly exciting the wells, thermionic emission of carriers results in a rapid drop in the photoluminesence efficiency with increasing temperature such that no emission is observed above 100 K. However, exciting above the energy of the barriers caused the intensity of the QW emission to drop more slowly, with up to 12% of the 10 K emission intensity remaining at 300 K. This difference is attributed to hole transfer from the underlayer into the QW, which increases in efficiency at higher temperatures, and is enhanced by stronger electric fields present in the GaN barriers of samples with thinner GaN capping layers. Further, the sample with the narrowest cap layer of 2 nm has a different shape and characteristic time for its photoluminescence decay transient and a different emission energy temperature dependence than the other samples. This behaviour was ascribed to a change in carrier localisation for this sample due to a reversal of the net field across the well compared to the other samples.
Crossing probability and number of crossing clusters in off-critical percolation
Creators: name: Delfino, Gesualdo
name: Viti, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-dimensional percolation in the scaling limit close to criticality and use integrable field theory to obtain universal predictions for the probability that at least one cluster crosses between opposite sides of a rectangle of sides much larger than the correlation length and for the mean number of such crossing clusters.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Published version with references, appendix and comparison with numerics added
Magnetic monopole loops generated from two-instanton solutions: Jackiw-Nohl-Rebbi versus 't Hooft instanton
Creators: name: Fukui, N.
name: Kondo, K. -I.
name: Shibata, A.
name: Shinohara, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous paper (Fukui et al., 2010), we have shown that the Jackiw-Nohl-Rebbi two-instanton generates a circular loop of magnetic monopole in the four-dimensional Euclidean SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. On the other hand, it is claimed in Brower, Orginos and Tan (1997) that the 't Hooft two-instanton does not generate magnetic monopole loop. It seems that two results are inconsistent with each other, since the JNR two-instanton converges to the 't Hooft two-instanton in a certain limit. In this paper, we clarify that two results are compatible with each other by demonstrating how the magnetic monopole loop generated from the JNR two-instanton deforms in the process of taking the 't Hooft two-instanton limit.
description: 4pages, 2 figures, minor changes
title: What NOT to expect when you’re expecting: complications related to pregnancy and postpartum
Creators: name: Santos, João
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complications
subject: Education
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Abdomen
subject: Intrauterine diagnosis
subject: Obstetrics
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: This pictorial review aims to illustrate and discussabnormalpregnancy and postpartum MRIfindings, emphasizing the major related complications, which often comprise radiological...
Moderate Deviations Analysis of Binary Hypothesis Testing
Creators: name: Sason, Igal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is focused on the moderate-deviations analysis of binary hypothesis testing. The analysis relies on a concentration inequality for discrete-parameter martingales with bounded jumps, where this inequality forms a refinement to the Azuma-Hoeffding inequality. Relations of the analysis to the moderate deviations principle for i.i.d. random variables and to the relative entropy are considered.
description: Presented at the 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2012) at MIT, Boston, July 2012. It appears in the Proceedings of ISIT 2012 on pages 826-830
title: Deutsche Wirtschaft: Schleppende Erholung nach tiefem Fall: Grundlinien der Wirtschaftsentwicklung im Sommer 2020
Creators: name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Clemens, Marius
name: Hanisch, Max
name: Junker, Simon
name: Kholodilin, Konstantin A.
name: Schlaak, Thore
name: Pagenhardt, Laura
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
subject: E66 General Outlook and Conditions
subject: F01 Global Outlook
subject: Business cycle forecast
subject: economic outlook

description: Die Corona-Krise hat der deutschen Wirtschaft tiefe Wunden zugefügt, die trotz einer beherzten Wirtschaftspolitik nur langsam heilen dürften. Die teilweise Rücknahme des Lockdowns und eine allmähliche Belebung internationaler Wertschöpfungsketten entfalten positive Impulse, massive Einkommensausfälle werden die Nachfrage aber für geraume Zeit bremsen. Die Bundesregierung dürfte zwar mit ihren Gegenmaßnahmen Schlimmeres verhindern und die Binnenwirtschaft stabilisieren, kann aber kaum etwas gegen eine am Boden liegende Auslandsnachfrage ausrichten. Diese spiegelt die teils verheerenden Auswirkungen der Krise auf den Arbeitsmärkten vieler Länder wider. Unter dem Strich wird die Erholung auch hierzulande schleppend verlaufen: Die deutsche Wirtschaft kann den Rückgang des Bruttoinlandsprodukts um 9,4 Prozent in diesem Jahr mit einem Zuwachs von 3,0 Prozent im kommenden Jahr bei Weitem nicht wettmachen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 87 (2020), 24, S. 420-436
Rolling in the Higgs Model and Elliptic Functions
Creators: name: Arefeva, I. Ya.
name: Piskovskiy, E. V.
name: Volovich, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymptotic methods in nonlinear dynamics are used to improve perturbation theory results in the oscillations regime. However, for some problems of nonlinear dynamics, particularly in the case of Higgs (Duffing) equation and the Friedmann cosmological equations, not only small oscillations regime is of interest but also the regime of rolling (climbing), more precisely the rolling from a top (climbing to a top). In the Friedman cosmology, where the slow rolling regime is often used, the rolling from a top (not necessary slow) is of interest too. In the present work a method for approximate solution to the Higgs equation in the rolling regime is presented. It is shown that in order to improve perturbation theory in the rolling regime turns out to be effective not to use an expansion in trigonometric functions as it is done in case of small oscillations but use expansions in hyperbolic functions instead. This regime is investigated using the representation of the solution in terms of elliptic functions. An accuracy of the corresponding approximation is estimated.
description: Latex, 36 Pages, 8 figures, typos corrected
Ageing and work: a time of challenge or opportunity for older executive workers?
Creators: name: Kelly, Paul
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Ageing is seen as one of the most important social issues facing developed countries, including Australia. Government policy increasingly encourages workforce participation beyond traditional retirement age as a way of dealing with the fiscal and societal challenges of an ageing population - longer lives mean longer working lives (OECD 2006). However, there is a dichotomy between the view that conceptualises ageing as a problem and a phase of decline in peoples' working lives and the research that frames ageing for some people as synonymous with increased financial reward and advancement. This prompts the research question of whether there are specific factors that 'insulate' executive workers from the disadvantages associated with ageing and work. This study explores how executive workers negotiate ageing in the highly competitive world of the technology industry - an industry where the work-force is widely acknowledged for its youthfulness and should logically be an exemplar of ageing being a problem. The study will draw on qualitative interviews as case studies of senior executives in large software companies to understand how they develop and mobilise their personal resources to maintain their position and employability as they age. Using a Bourdieusian analysis, the study will show how ageing intersects with different forms of capital that are valued within software companies to shape the employability of executives as they age. The study will advance current understanding of how one group of executive level workers navigate growing older at work and highlight the importance of Bourdieu's inter-related concepts of economic, social and cultural capitals in improved employability as we age. The findings will show ageing is not a problem for executive workers as it is for lower levels within the labour market due to their ability to accumulate and mobilise valued capital -- abstract.
title: Metal artefact reduction in CT imaging using smart metal artifact reduction (MAR) with and without GSI
Creators: name: Jensen, Kristin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Perception image
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Spectral energy can be used to reduce metal artefacts in CT imaging. In addition, all the vendors have dedicated metal artefact reducing (MAR) algorithms independent of spectral energy. The GE Revolution Frontier CT has GSI MAR using spectral...
title: Harmonisation of CT diagnostic performance in a university hospital using a new automatic tool for dose monitoring and image quality evaluation
Creators: name: Jensen, Kristin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Perception image
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Image verification
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Harmonize CT diagnostic performance of CT scanners of different age and from different vendors using a tool for dose monitoring and image quality...
title: Pandemie stürzt Weltwirtschaft in tiefe Rezession: Grundlinien der Wirtschaftsentwicklung im Sommer 2020
Creators: name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Baldi, Guido
name: Dany-Knedlik, Geraldine
name: Engerer, Hella
name: Gebauer, Stefan
name: Rieth, Malte
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
subject: E66 General Outlook and Conditions
subject: F01 Global Outlook
subject: Business cycle forecast
subject: economic outlook

description: Die Folgen der Corona-Pandemie hinterlassen tiefe Spuren in der Weltwirtschaft. Im ersten Quartal sank die weltweite Produktion im Zuge des globalen Lockdowns um 15,3 Prozent. Da die Eindämmungsmaßnahmen in vielen Ländern vor allem in das zweite Quartal fielen, dürfte der Einbruch im ersten Halbjahr insgesamt noch gewaltiger ausfallen. Aufgrund der vielerorts flächendeckenden Eindämmungsmaßnahmen und massiven Produktions- und Absatzeinschränkungen vom März bis zum Sommer dieses Jahres senkt das DIW Berlin seine Prognose für das Gesamtjahr drastisch von 2,5 Prozent auf –4,9 Prozent. Die erheblichen Produktionsausfälle und der massive Einbruch im Dienstleistungssektor werden voraussichtlich auch im nächsten Jahr nicht kompensiert werden können. Für das Jahr 2021 erwartet das DIW Berlin einen Anstieg der weltweiten Produktion von 5,5 Prozent. Risiken gehen vor allem von weiteren Infektionswellen aus. Auch handelspolitische Eskalationen sind weiterhin nicht auszuschließen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 87 (2020), 24, S. 408-418
title: Extracranial atherosclerotic carotid disease: what radiologists need to know in sonographic examination
Creators: name: Corona de la Fuente, Renée
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Artifacts
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Vascular
subject: Head and neck
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review Doppler and Ultrasonography parameters for an adequate diagnosis Recognize Doppler and ultrasound artifacts and learn how to use them for diagnosis Describe how to distinguish and characterize most common carotid and vertebral...
On Bell inequality violations with high-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Dada, Adetunmise C.
name: Andersson, Erika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlations resulting in violations of Bell inequalities have generated a lot of interest in quantum information science and fundamental physics. In this paper, we address some questions that become relevant in Bell-type tests involving systems with local dimension greater than 2. For CHSH-Bell tests within 2-dimensional subspaces of such high-dimensional systems, it has been suggested that experimental violation of Tsirelson's bound indicates that more than 2-dimensional entanglement was present. We explain that the overstepping of Tsirelson's bound is due to violation of fair sampling, and can in general be reproduced by a separable state, if fair sampling is violated. For a class of Bell-type inequalities generalized to d-dimensional systems, we then consider what level of violation is required to guarantee d-dimensional entanglement of the tested state, when fair sampling is satisfied. We find that this can be used as an experimentally feasible test of d-dimensional entanglement for up to quite high values of d.
title: Spondylodiscitis, a complication not to be underestimated
Creators: name: Bertini, Federico
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Complications
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Abscess
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Prostheses

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe spondylodiscitis as a rare and serious complication of EVAR (endovascular repair of aortic aneurysm) and / or TEVAR (repair of nasovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm)...
Association of germline variation with the survival of women with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants and breast cancer
Creators: name: Muranen, Taru A.
name: Khan, Sofia
name: Fagerholm, Rainer
name: Aittomäki, Kristiina
name: Cunningham, Julie M.
name: Dennis, Joe
name: Leslie, Goska
name: McGuffog, Lesley
name: Parsons, Michael T.
name: Simard, Jacques
name: Slager, Susan
name: Soucy, Penny
name: Easton, Douglas F.
name: Tischkowitz, Marc
name: Spurdle, Amanda B.
name: Schmutzler, Rita K.
name: Wappenschmidt, Barbara
name: Hahnen, Eric
name: Hooning, Maartje J.
name: Singer, Christian F.
name: Wagner, Gabriel
name: Thomassen, Mads
name: Pedersen, Inge Sokilde
name: Domchek, Susan M.
name: Nathanson, Katherine L.
name: Lazaro, Conxi
name: Rossing, Caroline Maria
name: Andrulis, Irene L.
name: Teixeira, Manuel R.
name: James, Paul
name: Garber, Judy
name: Weitzel, Jeffrey N.
name: Jakubowska, Anna
name: Yannoukakos, Drakoulis
name: John, Esther M.
name: Southey, Melissa C.
name: Schmidt, Marjanka K.
name: Antoniou, Antonis C.
name: Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
name: Blomqvist, Carl
name: Nevanlinna, Heli
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/4028/67/1347
/631/67/68
/631/208/205/2138
article

description: Abstract: Germline genetic variation has been suggested to influence the survival of breast cancer patients independently of tumor pathology. We have studied survival associations of genetic variants in two etiologically unique groups of breast cancer patients, the carriers of germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. We found that rs57025206 was significantly associated with the overall survival, predicting higher mortality of BRCA1 carrier patients with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, with a hazard ratio 4.37 (95% confidence interval 3.03–6.30, P = 3.1 × 10−9). Multivariable analysis adjusted for tumor characteristics suggested that rs57025206 was an independent survival marker. In addition, our exploratory analyses suggest that the associations between genetic variants and breast cancer patient survival may depend on tumor biological subgroup and clinical patient characteristics.
title: Globale Wirtschaftskrise trifft Deutschland hart – Verunsicherung lastet schwer: Editorial
Creators: name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Clemens, Marius
name: Baldi, Guido
name: Dany-Knedlik, Geraldine
name: Engerer, Hella
name: Fratzscher, Marcel
name: Gebauer, Stefan
name: Hanisch, Max
name: Junker, Simon
name: Kholodilin, Konstantin A.
name: Rieth, Malte
name: Schlaak, Thore
name: Pagenhardt, Laura
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2020

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 87 (2020), 24, S. 404-406
title: Can we predict the consistency of macroadenomas? Yes, we can!
Creators: name: Da Conceição, Thaylla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education and training
subject: Surgery
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Most macroadenomas are soft allowing transsphenoidal resection. However, approximately 10% of Macroadenoma pituitary (PAM) are fibrous and may impact surgical approach and treatment outcome [1]. Numerous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based...
Genome-wide analysis of blood lipid metabolites in over 5000 South Asians reveals biological insights at cardiometabolic disease loci
Creators: name: Harshfield, Eric L.
name: Fauman, Eric B.
name: Stacey, David
name: Paul, Dirk S.
name: Ziemek, Daniel
name: Ong, Rachel M. Y.
name: Danesh, John
name: Butterworth, Adam S.
name: Rasheed, Asif
name: Sattar, Taniya
name: Zameer-Ul-Asar
name: Saleem, Imran
name: Hina, Zoubia
name: Ishtiaq, Unzila
name: Qamar, Nadeem
name: Mallick, Nadeem Hayat
name: Yaqub, Zia
name: Saghir, Tahir
name: Rizvi, Syed Nadeem Hasan
name: Memon, Anis
name: Ishaq, Mohammad
name: Rasheed, Syed Zahed
name: Memon, Fazal-Ur-Rehman
name: Jalal, Anjum
name: Abbas, Shahid
name: Frossard, Philippe
name: Saleheen, Danish
name: Wood, Angela M.
name: Griffin, Julian L.
name: Koulman, Albert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Lipidomics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Gaussian Graphical Modelling
subject: Network analysis
subject: South Asian

description: Funder: Wellcome Trust (GB)
description: Funder: Pfizer; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004319
description: Funder: Novartis; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004336
description: Funder: Merck; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004334
description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000272
description: Abstract: Background: Genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors can lead to perturbations in circulating lipid levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, how changes in individual lipid species contribute to disease risk is often unclear. Moreover, little is known about the role of lipids on cardiovascular disease in Pakistan, a population historically underrepresented in cardiovascular studies. Methods: We characterised the genetic architecture of the human blood lipidome in 5662 hospital controls from the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS) and 13,814 healthy British blood donors from the INTERVAL study. We applied a candidate causal gene prioritisation tool to link the genetic variants associated with each lipid to the most likely causal genes, and Gaussian Graphical Modelling network analysis to identify and illustrate relationships between lipids and genetic loci. Results: We identified 253 genetic associations with 181 lipids measured using direct infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry in PROMIS, and 502 genetic associations with 244 lipids in INTERVAL. Our analyses revealed new biological insights at genetic loci associated with cardiometabolic diseases, including novel lipid associations at the LPL, MBOAT7, LIPC, APOE-C1-C2-C4, SGPP1, and SPTLC3 loci. Conclusions: Our findings, generated using a distinctive lipidomics platform in an understudied South Asian population, strengthen and expand the knowledge base of the genetic determinants of lipids and their association with cardiometabolic disease-related loci.
Hubble flow variance and the cosmic rest frame
Creators: name: Wiltshire, David L.
name: Smale, Peter R.
name: Mattsson, Teppo
name: Watkins, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the radial and angular variance of the Hubble flow in the COMPOSITE sample of 4534 galaxies, on scales in which much of the flow is in the nonlinear regime. With no cosmological assumptions other than the existence of a suitably averaged linear Hubble law, we find with decisive Bayesian evidence (ln B >> 5) that the Hubble constant averaged in independent spherical radial shells is closer to its asymptotic value when referred to the rest frame of the Local Group, rather than the standard rest frame of the Cosmic Microwave Background. An exception occurs for radial shells in the range 40/h-60/h Mpc. Angular averages reveal a dipole structure in the Hubble flow, whose amplitude changes markedly over the range 32/h-62/h Mpc. Whereas the LG frame dipole is initially constant and then decreases significantly, the CMB frame dipole initially decreases but then increases. The map of angular Hubble flow variation in the LG rest frame is found to coincide with that of the residual CMB temperature dipole, with correlation coefficient -0.92. These results are difficult to reconcile with the standard kinematic interpretation of the motion of the Local Group in response to the clustering dipole, but are consistent with a foreground non-kinematic anisotropy in the distance-redshift relation of 0.5% on scales up to 65/h Mpc. Effectively, the differential expansion of space produced by nearby nonlinear structures of local voids and denser walls and filaments cannot be reduced to a local boost. This hypothesis suggests a reinterpretation of bulk flows, which may potentially impact on calibration of supernovae distances, anomalies associated with large angles in the CMB anisotropy spectrum, and the dark flow inferred from the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. It is consistent with recent studies that find evidence for a non-kinematic dipole in the distribution of distant radio sources.
description: 37 pages, 9 tables, 13 figures; v2 adds extensive new analysis (including additional subsections, tables, figures); v3 adds a Monte Carlo analysis (with additional table, figure) which further tightens the statistical robustness of the dipole results; v4 adds further clarifications, small corrections, references and discussion of Planck satellite results; v5 typos fixed, matches published version
Mechanical adaptation of brachiopod shells via hydration-induced structural changes
Creators: name: Ihli, Johannes
name: Schenk, Anna S.
name: Rosenfeldt, Sabine
name: Wakonig, Klaus
name: Holler, Mirko
name: Falini, Giuseppe
name: Pasquini, Luca
name: Delacou, Eugénia
name: Buckman, Jim
name: Glen, Thomas S.
name: Kress, Thomas
name: Tsai, Esther H. R.
name: Reid, David G.
name: Duer, Melinda J.
name: Cusack, Maggie
name: Nudelman, Fabio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/301/54
/639/301/54/991
/639/925/930/2735
/123
/147/135
/147/137
/140/131
/145
/128
article

description: Abstract: The function-optimized properties of biominerals arise from the hierarchical organization of primary building blocks. Alteration of properties in response to environmental stresses generally involves time-intensive processes of resorption and reprecipitation of mineral in the underlying organic scaffold. Here, we report that the load-bearing shells of the brachiopod Discinisca tenuis are an exception to this process. These shells can dynamically modulate their mechanical properties in response to a change in environment, switching from hard and stiff when dry to malleable when hydrated within minutes. Using ptychographic X-ray tomography, electron microscopy and spectroscopy, we describe their hierarchical structure and composition as a function of hydration to understand the structural motifs that generate this adaptability. Key is a complementary set of structural modifications, starting with the swelling of an organic matrix on the micron level via nanocrystal reorganization and ending in an intercalation process on the molecular level in response to hydration.
title: Evolution of intracranial hematomas in magnetic resonance imaging after traumatic head injury.
Creators: name: Miras Ventura, José Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Blood
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To know the main types of intracranial hematomas secondary to cranioencephalic traumas and differential diagnosis according to the location of the hemorrhage. Recognize the main radiological findings. Iconographic review of intracranial hematomas in...
title: Ein europäischer Mechanismus sollte gewährleisten, dass viel schneller reagiert werden kann: Interview
Creators: name: Dany-Knedlik, Geraldine
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2020

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 87 (2020), 23, S. 398
title: Wirtschaftspolitische Maßnahmen gegen die Corona-Krise in Europa wirken vor allem im Zusammenspiel
Creators: name: Bernoth, Kerstin
name: Clemens, Marius
name: Dany-Knedlik, Geraldine
name: Gebauer, Stefan
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: E44 Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
subject: E50 Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General
subject: E62 Fiscal Policy
subject: G14 Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies
subject: Covid-19
subject: announcement effects
subject: monetary policy
subject: fiscal policy
subject: macroprudential policy
subject: euro area

description: Im Zuge der Corona-Ausbreitung haben sowohl die Europäische Zentralbank als auch die nationalen Regierungen im Euroraum zahlreiche wirtschaftspolitische Maßnahmen ergriffen oder angekündigt, um die drastischen wirtschaftlichen Folgen des Lockdowns abzufedern. In einer Panelstudie werden deren unmittelbaren Wirkungen auf Staatsanleihe- und Aktienmärkte geschätzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass von den geldpolitischen Ankündigungen der EZB kurzfristig kaum stabilisierende Wirkung auf die Finanzmärkte ausging. Mit Ausnahme der Ankündigung des Wirtschaftsstabilisierungsfonds in Deutschland haben die finanzpolitischen Hilfspakete der nationalen Regierungen und der EU die Staatsanleiherenditen nicht gesenkt. Dagegen haben die Aussetzung der Fiskalregeln und die gelockerte Bankenregulierung vor allen an den Märkten für Staatsanleihen beruhigend gewirkt. In Verbindung mit insbesondere EU-weiten finanzpolitischen Maßnahmen konnten sie auch die Aktienmärkte stabilisieren. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass Einzelmaßnahmen nicht ausreichend effektiv sind, im Zusammenspiel aber durchaus wirken können. Ein gemeinsamer Krisenmechanismus wie der jüngst von der EU-Kommission angekündigte Wiederaufbaufonds könnte sehr effizient sein.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 87 (2020), 23, S. 387-397
Parity Violating Statistical Anisotropy
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Karciauskas, Mindaugas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle production of an Abelian vector boson field with an axial coupling is investigated. The conditions for the generation of scale invariant spectra for the vector field transverse components are obtained. If the vector field contributes to the curvature perturbation in the Universe, scale-invariant particle production enables it to give rise to statistical anisotropy in the spectrum and bispectrum of cosmological perturbations. The axial coupling allows particle production to be parity violating, which in turn can generate parity violating signatures in the bispectrum. The conditions for parity violation are derived and the observational signatures are obtained in the context of the vector curvaton paradigm. Two concrete examples are presented based on realistic particle theory.
description: Accepted for publication in JHEP