cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large Direct CP Violation in B^0 -> pi^+ pi^- and an Enhanced Branching Ratio for B^0 -> pi^0 pi^0
Creators: name: Barshay, S.
name: Sehgal, L. M.
name: van Leusen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of B^0 -> pi pi decays reveal two features that are in conflict with conventional calculations: the channel B^0 (Bbar^0) -> pi^+ pi^- shows a large direct CP-violating asymmetry, and the channel B^0 (B^0) -> pi^0 pi^0 has an unexpectedly high branching ratio. We show that both features can be understood in terms of strong-interaction mixing of pi pi and D Dbar channels in the isospin-zero state, an effect that is important because of the large experimentally observed ratio Gamma(B^0 / Bbar^0 -> D^+ D^-) / Gamma (B^0 / Bbar^0 -> pi^+ pi^-) approx. 50. Our dynamical model correlates the branching ratios and the CP-violating parameters C and S, for the decays B^0 (Bbar^0) -> pi^+ pi^-, B^0 (Bbar^0) -> pi^0 pi^0, B^0 (Bbar^0) -> D^+ D^- and B^0 (Bbar^0) -> D^0 Dbar^0.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; v2: Misprint corrected in Eq. (12), second line: -a_m replaced by +a_m. To appear in Phys. Lett. B
Chandipura Virus: A Lurking Danger in childrens' of Rural India
Creators: name: Bhoomika1*, Anjay2, Seuli Saha Roy3, Purushottam Kaushik3, Anil Kumar4
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Chandipura  (CHPV) is hidden danger in the Children’s of rural India, Since the virus is responsible for causing Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES). It is a vector borne disease, first discovered in the Chandipura village in Maharastra, India. Since then, sporadic cases of AES were recorded from different parts of India. Previously, the cases of Chandipura encephalitis were recorded from Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra. The present CHPV outbreak in Gujrat in 2024 is one of the most severe outbreaks occurred in the past 20 years, with the mortality rate of 33%. Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for CHPV, so management involves supportive care like hydration, seizure control, and intensive care for severe cases. Health authorities are focusing on vector control through insecticide spraying, environmental management, and public awareness campaigns to curb the spread. There is also an emphasis on educating healthcare workers and the public on recognizing symptoms early, especially in children, who are the most vulnerable to this virus.
Thirty years of European research on international trade in food and agricultural products
Creators: name: GAIGNE, Carl
name: LAROCHE DUPRAZ, Cathie
name: MATTHEWS, Alan
name: GAIGNE, Carl
name: LAROCHE DUPRAZ, Cathie
name: MATTHEWS, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 106
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: international trade, agricultural and food products, agricultural policy

description: This survey focuses on the economic studies of international trade in agricultural and food products that has been an expanding area of specialisation in the agricultural economics profession in Europe since 1984. The contributions of agricultural economists have been particularly significant in Europe by assessing (i) the compatibility of agricultural policies with the multilateral trade rules and (ii) the macroeconomic impacts of agricultural trade agreements on Northern agricultures and on market access of developed and developing countries. Recent developments have shifted the focus of the international trade from countries and food industries towards food firms and products. The future research agenda will be driven by the needs of policy makers to find solutions to new and pressing issues and in particular growing societal concerns over the environmental, public health, diet composition, animal welfare and climate impacts of food production, and re-emerging food security concerns for developing countries.
Cyclic Quantum Causal Models
Creators: name: Barrett, Jonathan
name: Lorenz, Robin
name: Oreshkov, Ognyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causal reasoning is essential to science, yet quantum theory challenges it. Quantum correlations violating Bell inequalities defy satisfactory causal explanations within the framework of classical causal models. What is more, a theory encompassing quantum systems and gravity is expected to allow causally nonseparable processes featuring operations in indefinite causal order, defying that events be causally ordered at all. The first challenge has been addressed through the recent development of intrinsically quantum causal models, allowing causal explanations of quantum processes -- provided they admit a definite causal order, i.e. have an acyclic causal structure. This work addresses causally nonseparable processes and offers a causal perspective on them through extending quantum causal models to cyclic causal structures. Among other applications of the approach, it is shown that all unitarily extendible bipartite processes are causally separable and that for unitary processes, causal nonseparability and cyclicity of their causal structure are equivalent.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. Close to published version
Dispio Hartman 1951
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Spionida
Spionidae
Dispio

description: Dispio Hartman, 1951 latilamella Williams, 2007: Morong, Bataan, Philippines. USNM 1096794.
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
SU(4) Instantons on Calabi-Yau Threefolds with Z_2 x Z_2 Fundamental Group
Creators: name: Donagi, Ron
name: Ovrut, Burt A.
name: Pantev, Tony
name: Reinbacher, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structure group SU(4) gauge vacua of both weakly and strongly coupled heterotic superstring theory compactified on torus-fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds Z with Z_2 x Z_2 fundamental group are presented. This is accomplished by constructing invariant, stable, holomorphic rank four vector bundles on the simply connected cover of Z. Such bundles can descend either to Hermite-Yang-Mills instantons on Z or to twisted gauge fields satisfying the Hermite-Yang-Mills equation corrected by a non-trivial flat B-field. It is shown that large families of such instantons satisfy the constraints imposed by particle physics phenomenology. The discrete parameter spaces of those families are presented, as well as a lower bound on the dimension of the continuous moduli of any such vacuum. In conjunction with Z_2 x Z_2 Wilson lines, these SU(4) gauge vacua can lead to standard-like models at low energy with an additional U(1)_{B-L} symmetry. This U(1)_{B-L} symmetry is very helpful in naturally suppressing nucleon decay.
description: 68 pages, no figures
Calibration Method and Uncertainty for the Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE)
Creators: name: Kogut, A.
name: Fixsen, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Primordial Inflation Explorer (PIXIE) is an Explorer-class mission concept to measure cosmological signals from both linear polarization of the cosmic microwave background and spectral distortions from a perfect blackbody. The targeted measurement sensitivity is 2--4 orders of magnitude below competing astrophysical foregrounds, placing stringent requirements on instrument calibration. An on-board blackbody calibrator presents a polarizing Fourier transform spectrometer with a known signal to enable conversion of the sampled interference fringe patterns from telemetry units to physical units. We describe the instrumentation and operations needed to calibrate PIXIE, derive the expected uncertainty for the intensity, polarization, and frequency scales, and show the effect of calibration uncertainty in the derived cosmological signals. In-flight calibration is expected to be accurate to a few parts in $10^6$ at frequencies dominated by the CMB, and a few parts in $10^4$ at higher frequencies dominated by the diffuse dust foreground.
description: 18 pages including 8 figures. Added material on frequency calibration, matches final published version
title: Be aware of slightly more than pseudo-enhancement in renal cyst!
Creators: name: Waheed, Khawaja Bilal
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Kidney
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 44-year-old male, a stone former, with preserved renal function being evaluated for an incidentally detected renal cyst after removal of double-J stent 6 months ago. He was asymptomatic but found to have microscopic haematuria on recent urinanalysis.

description: 44 years, male
MULTIPLE PROGRAM PARTICIPATION IN THE INCOME MAINTENANCE SYSTEM
Creators: name: Allen, Joyce E.
name: Allen, Joyce E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Income maintenance system
subject: in-kind transfer
subject: multiple benefits
subject: work incentives
subject: benefit combination
subject: income adequacy
subject: market-value
subject: recipient value

description: Federal outlays for the income maintenance system increased from $28.5 billion in fiscal 1964 to $347 billion in fiscal 1983. This increase reflected the introduction of new programs, receipt of multiple benefits by many households, and higher benefit payments in response to inflation. Multiple benefits are widespread among households receiving benefits from the public assistance programs, a component of the income maintenance system. However, only a small percentage of households receive concurrently five or more income maintenance benefits.
IN-KIND BENEFITS AND THE NONMETRO POOR.
Creators: name: Getz, Virginia K.
name: Getz, Virginia K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Nonmetropolitan poor
subject: in-kind benefits
subject: rural income

description: Income used to measure poverty excludes in-kind benefits, such as food stamps. After valuing in-kind benefits as income, poverty is reduced, but not completely eliminated. This study reviews the current method of measuring poverty and compares it with alternative methods. Differences in poverty rates in metro and nonmetro areas are examined. Nonmetro areas continue to have a higher poverty rate after including in-kind benefits. Changes in the composition of the poor after including in-kind benefits are identified for some subgroups.
ENVISION Fact Sheet: Social learning about protected areas in the Denali Region of Alaska (US)
Creators: name: Van Riper, Carena
name: Stewart, William
name: Andrade, Riley
name: Johnson, Dana
name: Salcido, Evan
name: Goodson, Devon
name: Colliani, Ruth
name: Johnson, Erik
name: Craver, Amy
name: Keller, Rose
name: Battioni, Barbara
name: Arroyo Schnell, Alberto
name: Reynolds, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Protected areas
Denali
Social learning
Participatory approaches
visions

description: The ENVISION project team in the Denali region is working with local communities to develop a shared understanding of visions for the future of protected areas in Interior Alaska. Public land management agencies in the US have traditionally focused most attention on understanding and enhancing visitor experiences, as well as working within the boundaries of individual protected areas. However, agencies are increasingly recognizing the importance of landscape scale conservation and engagement with adjacent stakeholders. The diversity of interest groups in local communities and contested histories of resource management create challenging contexts for in-depth engagement with residents from local to regional scales. Therefore, this project advances a process of “inclusive conservation” that involves proactive engagement and explicit consideration of the array of goals expressed by local communities. This fact sheet focuses special attention on social learning about protected areas as a process that enables residents to collectively define their futures and shift their values in response to deliberation.
Additional file 1 of Hepatic transcriptome of the freeze-tolerant Cope’s gray treefrog, Dryophytes chrysoscelis: responses to cold acclimation and freezing
Creators: name: M. Clara F. Do Amaral
name: Frisbie, James
name: Crum, Raphael J.
name: Goldstein, David L.
name: Krane, Carissa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. genes differentially regulated in Dryophytes chrysoscelis compared to warm animals with corresponding gene symbol, UniprotID, Transcript ID, and fold-change in each treatment. Table S2. genes differentially expressed in frozen Dryophytes chrysoscelis, relative to cold animals, with corresponding gene symbol, UniprotID, Transcript ID, and fold-change.
Evaluation of an Economic Base Method of Summarizing Economic Diversity Among Nonmetropolitan Counties
Creators: name: Bender, Lloyd D.
name: Kuehn, John A.
name: Bender, Lloyd D.
name: Kuehn, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Economic base
subject: developmental policy
subject: nonmetropolitan
subject: county classification
subject: regional policy
subject: diversity

description: This evaluation of an initial attempt to identify and interpret an economic base classification of county economies finds that (a) measures of the dominant economic base specialties are relatively stable from year to year, (b) a large proportion of counties qualify for at least one specialty class, (c) the overlap is small, (d) the survival probability from prior years to 1979 is very high, (e) the transition probabilities of the descriptors are very high, and (0 there are distinct differences in selected social and economic characteristics of counties in each class. Each of these characteristics is an important part of a county classification system if it is to be used in policy analyses.
NATIONWIDE ADOPTION OF THE CALIFORNIA _SOLIDS STANDARDS FOR FLUID MILK PRODUCTS: ISSUES AND IMPACTS
Creators: name: National Economics Division
name: National Economics Division
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Fluid milk product standards
subject: milk pricing
subject: milk quality
subject: milk consumption,
subject: nutrition
subject: market performance

description: Nationwide adoption of standards similar to the current California standards for fluid milk products would result in increased retail prices for fluid milk products of about 3.5 cents per half gallon (3 percent). The change in standards would generally increase the nutrient content of milk and have positive nutritional benefits for most Americans. The new standards could cause problems for groups with special dietary concerns and would cost an estimated $5.9 million annually to effectively enforce. Adoption of higher standards could result in somewhat increased sales of butterfat and solidsnot- fat in fluid milk products but the magnitude is unclear. In addition, the new standards likely would result in only a small reduction in purchases of dairy products by the Government in surplus periods. While there appear to be some sound arguments both for and against raising the solids standards for fluid milk products nationwide, there still are many unsolved issues.
Asymptotic Linearity of Consumption Functions and Computational Efficiency
Creators: name: Ma, Qingyin
name: Toda, Alexis Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We prove that the consumption functions in optimal savings problems are asymptotically linear if the marginal utility is regularly varying. We also analytically characterize the asymptotic marginal propensities to consume (MPCs) out of wealth. Our results are useful for obtaining good initial guesses when numerically computing consumption functions, and provide a theoretical justification for linearly extrapolating consumption functions outside the grid.
Leprea Malmgren 1866
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Terebellidae
Leprea

description: Leprea Malmgren, 1866 ceratobranchia Caullery, 1944a: SW Ruteng. NML 1590 verrucosa Caullery, 1944a: Banda Sea. NML 1591.1–2
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Minimum asymptotic energy of a charged spherically symmetric thin-shell wormhole and its stability
Creators: name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static spherically symmetric thin shell of proper mass $m$ and electric charge $q$ around a central star or black hole of mass $M$ is in general unstable. Although with fine-tuned $m,q,$ and $M$ it can be considered quasi-stable. These facts have been recently proved by Hod in \cite{HOD1} from which we are inspired to investigate the stability status of the throat of a spherically symmetric thin-shell wormhole (TSW) with the same proper mass and charge. Precisely, in this compact paper, we introduce the radius of stability for the throat of a static spherically symmetric charged TSW, by optimizing its energy measured by an asymptotic observer. Furthermore, we prove that at the stable equilibrium radius, the tension on the throat is zero, and a perturbation in the form of an initial kinetic energy results in an effective attractive potential such that the throat oscillates around the equilibrium point.
description: 6 pages, one figure. Published in EPJC
An O(m) Algorithm for Cores Decomposition of Networks
Creators: name: Batagelj, V.
name: Zaversnik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: The structure of large networks can be revealed by partitioning them to smaller parts, which are easier to handle. One of such decompositions is based on $k$--cores, proposed in 1983 by Seidman. In the paper an efficient, $O(m)$, $m$ is the number of lines, algorithm for determining the cores decomposition of a given network is presented.
Topological superconductivity in a van der Waals heterostructure
Creators: name: Kezilebieke, Shawulienu
name: Huda, Md Nurul
name: Vaňo, Viliam
name: Aapro, Markus
name: Ganguli, Somesh C.
name: Silveira, Orlando J.
name: Głodzik, Szczepan
name: Foster, Adam S.
name: Ojanen, Teemu
name: Liljeroth, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The designer approach has become a new paradigm in accessing novel quantum phases of matter. Moreover, the realization of exotic states such as topological insulators, superconductors and quantum spin liquids often poses challenging or even contradictory demands for any single material. For example, it is presently unclear if topological superconductivity, which has been suggested as a key ingredient for topological quantum computing, exists at all in any naturally occurring material . This problem can be circumvented by using designer heterostructures combining different materials, where the desired physics emerges from the engineered interactions between the different components. Here, we employ the designer approach to demonstrate two major breakthroughs - the fabrication of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures combining 2D ferromagnetism with superconductivity and the observation of 2D topological superconductivity. We use molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) to grow two-dimensional islands of ferromagnetic chromium tribromide (CrBr$_3$) on superconducting niobium diselenide (NbSe$_2$) and show the signatures of one-dimensional Majorana edge modes using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). The fabricated two-dimensional vdW heterostructure provides a high-quality controllable platform that can be integrated in device structures harnessing topological superconductivity. Finally, layered heterostructures can be readily accessed by a large variety of external stimuli potentially allowing external control of 2D topological superconductivity through electrical, mechanical, chemical, or optical means.
Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Autolytus Grube, 1850 (Polybostrichus) triangulifer Grube, 1878: Singapore. ZMB (= Autolytus triangulifer fide Hartman 1959)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Trees of thought: arboreal matter and metaphor in late Medieval England
Creators: name: Allor, Danielle Grace
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Trees of Thought demonstrates how late medieval English poets used the properties of trees, from their branching forms to their growth cycles, to negotiate literary influence and construct poetic meaning. I establish the polyvalent adaptations of the tree image made by poets such as William Langland, Geoffrey Chaucer, John Lydgate, and John Skelton, and argue that their choices reveal the interconnection of poetry, nature, and form. For these authors, the image of the tree—as drawn from scripture, natural philosophy, and medieval tree cultivation—can negotiate poetic and metaphysical form and content, the authority of the vernacular poet, and the relationship between the natural world and the literary tradition. I demonstrate that the period that witnessed the formation of an English vernacular canon was one where the tree was a prominent figure for constructing poetic meaning and authority. The multilayered correspondence between formal, material, and thematic elements made the tree a particularly apposite figure to negotiate poetic form and its material effects in terms of literary reputation and authority, political writings, and even theorizations of the ontology of poetry itself. Trees of Thought reveals the interrelation of material world and literary form throughout the medieval English literary tradition, demonstrating that our narrative of literary history is incomplete without taking the tree into account.
A Stochastic Model for the Species Abundance Problem in an Ecological Community
Creators: name: Pigolotti, Simone
name: Flammini, Alessandro
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model based on coupled multiplicative stochastic processes to understand the dynamics of competing species in an ecosystem. This process can be conveniently described by a Fokker-Planck equation. We provide an analytical expression for the marginalized stationary distribution. Our solution is found in excellent agreement with numerical simulations and compares rather well with observational data from tropical forests.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRE
RESEARCH NEEDS FOR RURAL PUBLIC SERVICES
Creators: name: Stocker, Frederick D.
name: Stocker, Frederick D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Public facilities
subject: public services
subject: rural development
subject: rural communities
subject: infrastructure

description: This report proposes a conceptual framework for researching key issues relating to rural public facility policy affecting such services as fire protection, water systems, roads, wastewater treatment, hospitals, and others. Information needs are cited which require data collection and research.
Mathematical reasoning and the computer
Creators: name: Buzzard, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T01

description: Computers have already changed the way that humans do mathematics: they enable us to compute efficiently. But will they soon be helping us to reason? And will they one day start reasoning themselves? We give an overview of recent developments in neural networks, computer theorem provers and large language models.
description: This article was written in 2023 and is thus now rather out of date. Apologies for taking so long to upload to ArXiv
Causal Inference With Selectively Deconfounded Data
Creators: name: Gan, Kyra
name: Li, Andrew A.
name: Lipton, Zachary C.
name: Tayur, Sridhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given only data generated by a standard confounding graph with unobserved confounder, the Average Treatment Effect (ATE) is not identifiable. To estimate the ATE, a practitioner must then either (a) collect deconfounded data;(b) run a clinical trial; or (c) elucidate further properties of the causal graph that might render the ATE identifiable. In this paper, we consider the benefit of incorporating a large confounded observational dataset (confounder unobserved) alongside a small deconfounded observational dataset (confounder revealed) when estimating the ATE. Our theoretical results suggest that the inclusion of confounded data can significantly reduce the quantity of deconfounded data required to estimate the ATE to within a desired accuracy level. Moreover, in some cases -- say, genetics -- we could imagine retrospectively selecting samples to deconfound. We demonstrate that by actively selecting these samples based upon the (already observed) treatment and outcome, we can reduce sample complexity further. Our theoretical and empirical results establish that the worst-case relative performance of our approach (vs. a natural benchmark) is bounded while our best-case gains are unbounded. Finally, we demonstrate the benefits of selective deconfounding using a large real-world dataset related to genetic mutation in cancer.
Renormalization Group Approach to Strong-Coupled Superconductors
Creators: name: Tsai, S. -W.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Shankar, R.
name: Campbell, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an asymptotically exact renormalization group (RG) approach that treats electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions on equal footing. The approach allows an unbiased study of the instabilities of Fermi liquids without the assumption of a broken symmetry. We apply our method to the problem of strongly coupled superconductors and find the temperature T* below which the high-temperature Fermi liquid state becomes unstable towards Cooper pairing. We show that T* is the same as the critical temperature Tc obtained in Eliashberg's strong coupling theory starting from the low-temperature superconducting phase. We also show that Migdal's theorem is implicit in our approach. Finally, our results lead to a novel way to calculate numerically, from microscopic parameters, the transition temperature of superconductors.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, expanded presentation, final version
Additional file 6 of Development and internal validation of prediction models for colorectal cancer survivors to estimate the 1-year risk of low health-related quality of life in multiple domains
Creators: name: Révész, Dóra
name: Kuijk, Sander M. J. Van
name: Mols, Floortje
name: Fränzel J. B. Van Duijnhoven
name: Winkels, Renate M.
name: Hoofs, Huub
name: I Jmert Kant
name: Smits, Luc J.
name: Breukink, Stéphanie O.
name: Poll-Franse, Lonneke V. Van De
name: Kampman, Ellen
name: Beijer, Sandra
name: Weijenberg, Matty P.
name: Bours, Martijn J. L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6: Supplemental Table S3. Sensitivity analyses of the seven prediction models for health-related quality of life (HRQoL), with only respective baseline HRQoL values, without baseline HRQoL and with the complete models.
Anomalous elasticity of nematic and critically soft elastomers
Creators: name: Stenull, Olaf
name: Lubensky, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uniaxial elastomers are characterized by five elastic constants. If their elastic modulus C_5 describing the energy of shear strains in planes containing the anisotropy axis vanishes, they are said to be soft. In spatial dimensions d less than or equal to 3, soft elastomers exhibit anomalous elasticity with certain length-scale dependent bending moduli that diverge and shear moduli that vanish at large length-scales. Using renormalized field theory at d = 3 and to first order in ε= 3 - d, we calculate critical exponents and other properties characterizing the anomalous elasticity of two soft systems: (i) nematic elastomers in which softness is a manifestation of a Goldstone mode induced by the spontaneous symmetry breaking associated with a transition from an isotropic state to a nematic state and (ii) a particular version of what we call a critically soft elastomer in which C_5 = 0 corresponds to a critical point terminating the stability regime of a uniaxial elastomer with C_5 > 0.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Coupling parsec and gigaparsec scales: primordial non-Gaussianity with multi-tracer intensity mapping
Creators: name: Liu, R. Henry
name: Breysse, Patrick C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) is a key probe of the origins of primordial fluctuations in the early universe. It has been shown that multi-tracer measurements of large-scale structure can produce high-precision measurements of PNG. Future line intensity mapping surveys are well-suited to these measurements owing to their ability to rapidly survey large volumes and access the large scales at which PNG becomes important. In this paper, we explore for the first time how multi-tracer PNG measurements with intensity mapping surveys depend on the sub-galactic scale physics which drives line emission. We consider an example cross-correlation between CO maps, and quantify the impact varying the astrophysical model has on $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ measurements. We find a non-trivial coupling between horizon-scale PNG measurements and the molecular cloud-scale interstellar medium that can have order unity effects on $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ constraints with near-future experimental sensitivities. We discuss how these effects depend on noise level and survey design. We further find that the cross-correlation shot noise, an effect nearly unique to intensity mapping measurements, can play an important role in multi-tracer analyses and should not be neglected.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, updated to match version accepted by PRD
U.S. DAIRY FARMERS IN 1979: FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS BY OPERATOR AGE AND DAIRY SIZE
Creators: name: Peterson, R. Neal
name: Peterson, R. Neal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Dairy farms
subject: distributions
subject: regional comparison
subject: financial characteristics
subject: equity
subject: debt
subject: debt-asset ratio

description: Older dairy farmers with small-size farms have less financial debt than do younger dairy farmers and dairy farmers with large-size farms. In 1979, dairy farmers were financially strongest in the Northeast and weakest in the West and South Central regions. This study examines the financial characteristics of dairy farmers by region, operator's age, and dairy size.
Additional file 1 of Promoting children’s health when a parent has a mental health problem: a mixed methods study of the experiences and views of health visitors and their co-workers
Creators: name: Condon, Louise
name: Driscoll, Timothy
name: Merrell, Joy
name: Storey, Mel
name: Thomas, Amanda
name: Mansel, Beryl
name: Snelgrove, Sherrill
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. MANIFeST (Maintaining child and family safety when a parent has a mental health problem).
The good, the bad and the ugly / El bueno, el feo y el malo. Sobre las infraestructuras abiertas para la publicación científica en América Latina.
Creators: name: Lujano, Ivonne
name: Alperin, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The second conversation on Open Publishing Infrastructures at the OIAR conference.
description: Primary funding was provided by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), with addition financial and in-kind support provided by Eclac, FORCE11, and the Sloan Foundation through the Reimagining Educational Practices for Open (REPO) project.
RobustPeriod: Time-Frequency Mining for Robust Multiple Periodicity Detection
Creators: name: Wen, Qingsong
name: He, Kai
name: Sun, Liang
name: Zhang, Yingying
name: Ke, Min
name: Xu, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Periodicity detection is a crucial step in time series tasks, including monitoring and forecasting of metrics in many areas, such as IoT applications and self-driving database management system. In many of these applications, multiple periodic components exist and are often interlaced with each other. Such dynamic and complicated periodic patterns make the accurate periodicity detection difficult. In addition, other components in the time series, such as trend, outliers and noises, also pose additional challenges for accurate periodicity detection. In this paper, we propose a robust and general framework for multiple periodicity detection. Our algorithm applies maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform to transform the time series into multiple temporal-frequency scales such that different periodic components can be isolated. We rank them by wavelet variance, and then at each scale detect single periodicity by our proposed Huber-periodogram and Huber-ACF robustly. We rigorously prove the theoretical properties of Huber-periodogram and justify the use of Fisher's test on Huber-periodogram for periodicity detection. To further refine the detected periods, we compute unbiased autocorrelation function based on Wiener-Khinchin theorem from Huber-periodogram for improved robustness and efficiency. Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets show that our algorithm outperforms other popular ones for both single and multiple periodicity detection.
description: Accepted by SIGMOD 2021; 10 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables, and 70 referred papers
Globular Clusters as Candidates for Gravitational Lenses to Explain Quasar-Galaxy Associations
Creators: name: Bukhmastova, Yu. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that globular clusters (GCs) are good candidates for gravitational lenses in explaining quasar-galaxy associations. The catalog of associations (Bukhmastova 2001) compiled from the LEDA catalog of galaxies (Paturel 1997) and from the catalog of quasars (Veron-Cetty and Veron 1998) is used. Based on the new catalog containing 8382 pairs, we show that one might expect an increased number of GCs around irregular galaxies of types 9 and 10 from the hypothesis that distant compact sources are gravitationally lensed by GCs in the halos of foreground galaxies. The King model is used to determine the central surface densities of 135 GCs in the Milky Way. The distribution of GCs in central surface density was found to be lognormal.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
A Robust Traffic Control Model Considering Uncertainties in Turning Ratios
Creators: name: Liu, Hao
name: Claudel, Christian
name: Machemehl, Randy
name: Perrine, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The effects of model parameter uncertainty on traffic flow control problems have recently drawn research attention. While the uncertainty in fundamental diagram related parameters has been investigated in the past, few articles have focused on network parameters uncertainty, including turning ratio uncertainty. To fill this gap, this article proposes a robust control model to deal with the uncertainties in the turning ratio by using distributionally robust chance constraints. The model allows one to compute the optimal control action that maximizes some objective, under all possible distributions of network parameters. We then apply this robust control framework to both a freeway network and an urban network, and evaluate the impact of uncertainty on optimal control inputs, over the test networks. The case studies show that compared to non-robust control, the proposed robust model can reduce congestion brought by the uncertainties and improve the overall throughput.
description: Accepted for publication on IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Sternaspis Otto 1821
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Sternaspidae
Sternaspis

description: Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (key: Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo 2013) laevis Caullery, 1944a: Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. NML 1491, 1514, 1535 (= Caulleryaspis laevis fide Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo 2013) laevis minor Caullery, 1944a: Bali Sea. NML 1504, 1528 (= Caulleryaspis laevis fide Sendall & SalazarVallejo 2013) piotrowskiae Salazar-Vallejo, 2014: Luzon, Philippines. CAS 186700, 186736, 186927, 186945, 187017 rietschi Caullery, 1944a: Wokam Island, Indonesia. NML 1500 (redescr. Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo 2013) spinosa Sluiter, 1883: Bay of Batavia (Jakarta), Java, Indonesia. NHM AN01 1889.6.15.52-36 (redescr. Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo 2013)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Supplementary document for Controlling spontaneous emission through the preparation of a photonic time-crystal - 7218367.pdf
Creators: name: Segev, Mordechai
name: Lyubarov, Mark
name: Segal, Ohad
name: Dikopoltsev, Alex
name: Plotnik, Yonatan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: details of calculations
Additional file 5 of Development and internal validation of prediction models for colorectal cancer survivors to estimate the 1-year risk of low health-related quality of life in multiple domains
Creators: name: Révész, Dóra
name: Kuijk, Sander M. J. Van
name: Mols, Floortje
name: Fränzel J. B. Van Duijnhoven
name: Winkels, Renate M.
name: Hoofs, Huub
name: I Jmert Kant
name: Smits, Luc J.
name: Breukink, Stéphanie O.
name: Poll-Franse, Lonneke V. Van De
name: Kampman, Ellen
name: Beijer, Sandra
name: Weijenberg, Matty P.
name: Bours, Martijn J. L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Supplemental Table S2. Model performance measures of the seven prediction models for health-related quality of life. Performance measures of the original models and the models after internal validation are presented.
Spiophanes Grube 1860
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Spionida
Spionidae
Spiophanes

description: Spiophanes Grube, 1860 longicirris Caullery, 1915c: NE Molucca Sea. NML 1687 (redescr. Meissner 2005) malayensis Caullery, 1915c: Ambon, Indonesia. NML 1724 (redescr. Meissner 2005)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Omega Centauri: The Population Puzzle Goes Deeper
Creators: name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Piotto, G.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: King, I. R.
name: Momany, Y.
name: Carraro, G.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST observations that show a bifurcation of colors in the middle main sequence of the globular cluster Omega Centauri. We see this in three different fields, observed with different cameras and filters. We also present high precision photometry of a central ACS field which shows a number of main-sequence turnoffs and subgiant branches. The double main sequence, the multiple turnoffs and subgiant branches, and other population sequences discovered in the past along the red giant branch of this cluster add up to a fascinating but frustrating puzzle. We suggest various explanations, none of them very conclusive.
description: A_fine_piece_of_work: 12 pages, 2 figures, ApJL_ACCEPTED_, 4 March 2004; high resolution version of the paper available at: ftp://ftp.pd.astro.it/pub/bedin
DESCRIBING AND IDENTIFYING THE COMPLETE SET OF STOCHASTICALLY EFFICIENT MIXTURES OF RISKY ALTERNATIVES*
Creators: name: McCamley, Francis
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: McCamley, Francis
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Target MOTAD illustrates one strategy for computing stochastically efficient mixtures. For many applications, it may be the best method. However, it does not always identify all stochastically efficient mixtures. A method which can do this is proposed. It is explained by applying it to data from Anderson, Dillon and Hardaker.
Environmental Dependence of Galactic Properties Traced by Ly$α$ Forest Absorption: Diversity among Galaxy Populations
Creators: name: Momose, Rieko
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Nagamine, Kentaro
name: Shimizu, Ikkoh
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Terao, Yasunori
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Ando, Makoto
name: Motohara, Kentaro
name: Spitler, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to shed light on how galactic properties depend on the intergalactic medium (IGM) environment traced by the Ly$α$ forest, we observationally investigate the IGM-galaxy connection using the publicly available 3D IGM tomography data (CLAMATO) and several galaxy catalogs in the COSMOS field. We measure the cross-correlation function (CCF) for $570$ galaxies with spec-$z$ measurements and detect a correlation with the IGM up to $50$ $h^{-1}$ comoving Mpc. We show that galaxies with stellar masses of $10^9-10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ are the dominant contributor to the total CCF signal. We also investigate CCFs for several galaxy populations: Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs), H$α$ emitters (HAEs), [OIII] emitters (O3Es), active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), and we detect the highest signal in AGNs and SMGs at large scales ($r\geq5$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc), but in LAEs at small scales ($r<5$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc). We find that they live in various IGM environments -- HAEs trace the IGM in a similar manner to the continuum-selected galaxies, but LAEs and O3Es tend to reside in higher-density regions. Additionally, LAEs' CCF is flat up to $r\sim3$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc, indicating that they tend to avoid the highest-density regions. For AGNs and SMGs, the CCF peak at $r=5-6$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc implies that they tend to be in locally lower-density regions. We suspect that it is due to the photoionization of IGM HI by AGNs, i.e., the proximity effect.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures, Accepted for publication on ApJ