cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neighboring Spectral Content Influences Vowel Identification
Creators: name: Holt, Lori
name: Lotto, Andrew J
name: Kluender, Keith R
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Four experiments explored the relative contributions of spectral content and phonetic labeling in effects of context on vowel perception. Two 10-step series of CVC syllables ([bVb] and [dVd]) varying acoustically in F2 midpoint frequency and varying perceptually in vowel height from [^] to [ε] were synthesized. In a forced-choice identification task, listeners more often labeled vowels as [^] in [dVd] context than in [bVb] context. To examine whether spectral content predicts this effect, nonspeech–speech hybrid series were created by appending 70-ms sine-wave glides following the trajectory of CVC F2’s to 60-ms members of a steady-state vowel series varying in F2 frequency. In addition, a second hybrid series was created by appending constant-frequency sine-wave tones equivalent in frequency to CVC F2 onset/offset frequencies. Vowels flanked by frequencymodulated glides or steady-state tones modeling [dVd] were more often labeled as [^] than were the same vowels surrounded by nonspeech modeling [bVb]. These results suggest that spectral content is important in understanding vowel context effects. A final experiment tested whether spectral content can modulate vowel perception when phonetic labeling remains intact. Voiceless consonants, with lower-amplitude more-diffuse spectra, were found to exert less of an influence on vowel perception than do their voiced counterparts. The data are discussed in terms of a general perceptual account of context effects in speech perception.
Laniakea – Update 2021
Creators: name: Tangaro, Marco
name: Donvito, Giacinto
name: Antonacci, Marica
name: Chiara, Matteo
name: Mandreoli, Pietro
name: Pesole, Graziano
name: Zambelli, Federico
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: Laniakea delivers state-of-the-art tools for the deployment of on-demand Galaxy instances over cloud infrastructures, to effortlessly create and manage private, production-grade, virtual Galaxy instances. During the last year, through the service Laniakea@ReCaS, Laniakea emerged as flexible and reliable platform for researchers' daily work, tools development and training. At the same time, new requirements emerged from the user community and cloud providers, driving the development of the next Laniakea release.

 Laniakea is primarily based on the PaaS layer developed by the INDIGO-DataCloud H2020 project and beyond, now adopted by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics for its INFN-Cloud, focused on making cloud e-infrastructures more accessible by scientific communities. The PaaS layer provides the orchestration services and their integration with the Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure, automating the deployment and configuration of the virtual Galaxy servers.

 We introduce here the incoming third release of Laniakea (programmed in autumn 2021). A new flexible Service Level Agreement Tool is introduced at PaaS level, alongside the possibility to deploy Galaxy using both Mesos and Kubernetes. Moreover, the PaaS introduces a quota system for setting limits on resources such as number of CPUs and RAM that a specific user can use.

 At Galaxy deployment level, we greatly improved the compatibility of Laniakea Ansible roles with those developed by the Galaxy community, allowing for greater and easier alignment with the Galaxy updates. Finally, this release includes additional Galaxy flavours and introduces support for RStudio and Jupyter on demand both as standalone tools and integrated within Galaxy.
Monte Carlo Studies of the GWW Phase Transition in Large-N Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Azuma, Takehiro
name: Basu, Pallab
name: Wadia, Spenta R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of the small ten-dimensional Schwarzschild blackhole, the blackhole to string transition is an important problem. In hep-th/0605041, a possible identification is made between the Gross-Witten-Wadia (GWW) type third-order large-N phase transition in the boundary gauge theory and the string-black hole transition in the bulk. In this paper, we exhibit the existence of the GWW transition by Monte Carlo simulation in the zero mode bosonic action of the finite-temperature N=4 SYM theory on S^3. Exhibiting this transition in the truncated but highly non-trivial gauge theory implies that in the vicinity of the critical temperature T_c, the system goes critical, and the fluctuations give rise to universal formulas derived in hep-th/0605041 We also discuss the issue of SO(6) R-symmetry breaking.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, eq. (3.10) corrected (v3), reference added (v4)
Stress-Energy Connection and Cosmological Constant Problem
Creators: name: Demir, Durmus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gravitational properties of vacuum energy by erecting a geometry on the stress-energy tensor of vacuum, matter and radiation. Postulating that the gravitational effects of matter and radiation can be formulated by an appropriate modification of the spacetime connection, we obtain varied geometro-dynamical equations which properly comprise the usual gravitational field equations with, however, Planck-suppressed, non-local, higher-dimensional additional terms. The prime novelty brought about by the formalism is that, the vacuum energy does act not as the cosmological constant but as the source of the gravitational constant. The formalism thus deafens the cosmological constant problem by channeling vacuum energy to gravitational constant. Nevertheless, quantum gravitational effects, if any, restore the problem via the graviton and graviton-matter loops, and the mechanism proposed here falls short of taming such contributions to cosmological constant.
description: 17 pp. Minor changes in the text. Journal version
Cissidium besucheti Darby 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium besucheti

description: Cissidium besucheti sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7F5ED7E5-78EA-4BED-8512-F61581F1569C
Fig. 65
Etymology
Johnson ms name after the collector Claude Besuchet.
Material examined
Holotype SRI LANKA • ♂; North Central, Alut Oya, river edge on damp sand; 3 Feb. 1970; Mussard, Besuchet and Löbl leg.; MMUE.
Paratypes SRI LANKA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ mounted verso, latter missing antennae; MMUE, BMNH.
Description
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 65A), length 0.54 mm.
COLOUR. Dusky yellow.
HEAD. With a barely marked linear depression behind the eyes, width across eyes 0.16 mm; antennomeres III–XI length 0.20 mm, III–IX length 0.12 mm, X–XI length 0.08 mm, constriction in antennomere XI obscured by setae; mentum as Fig. 4A.
PRONOTUM. Densely pubescent; length 0.16 mm, width 0.19 mm, with shallow foveolae in basal half; sides rounded, hind angles obtuse, bordered, the border also on the posterior margin up to the corners of the sinuous emargination opposite the scutellum (Fig. 65B).
ELYTRA. Densely pubescent; length 0.34 mm, width 0.24 mm, appearing more parallel-sided than other species, pubescence a little shorter than on pronotum, foveolate.
MESOVENTRITE. Medial extension of collar onto mid-keel parallel-sided, rounded posteriorly; mid-keel margins narrowing anteriorly to join collar extension, posterior margin not reaching anterior margin of mesocoxal borders; keel narrow, tapering to a sharp point below the midpoint of the mesocoxae; mesoventral lateral margins serrate; humeri bluntly toothed (Fig. 65C).
METAVENTRITE. Length 0.13 mm, pubescent except in anterior corners, width across spines 0.07 mm, disc simple; posterior margins of mesocoxal cavities not serrate.
WINGS. Macropterous.
GENITALIA. Male aedeagus as Fig. 6 Ia–b. Female spermatheca not detected in the dissection.
Remarks
One of the only two species of Cissidium from Sri Lanka in this group. Distinguished from C. loebli sp. nov. by its smaller size, shorter antennae, more parallel elytra and paler colouration.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 103-104, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
Additional file 1 of Prolonged viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 and related factors in symptomatic COVID-19 patients: a prospective study
Creators: name: Long, Hui
name: Zhao, Jing
name: Zeng, Hao-Long
name: Lu, Qing-Bin
name: Fang, Li-Qun
name: Wang, Qiang
name: Wu, Qing-Ming
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Demographics and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients between SVS and LVS groups. Table 2. The association between delayed time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA negativity and symptoms on admission for COVID-19 patients. Table 3. Outbreak kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads level over three outbreak stages expressed as N and ORF Ct value for COVID-19 patients. Figure 1. IgM and IgG antibody titers compared between patients with high vs. low viral loads based on N gene (A and C) and ORF gene (B and D).
Enabling widespread use of Vertebrate Genome Project assembly pipeline by integration into Galaxy
Creators: name: Lariviere, Delphine
name: Ostrovsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: Historically genome assembly was not broadly accessible—requiring technical expertise, high quality data, and powerful computational resources. However, international efforts such as the Vertebrate Genome Project (VGP) change this by speeding up the development of new assembly tools and leveraging the latest sequencing technologies. Combining PacBio HiFi and nanopore sequencing allows for high-quality assembly of human-sized genomes using ~1Tb of RAM or less.

 These developments make large genome assembly a prime candidate for democratization. The goals of projects such as VGP will be more achievable if modern workflows are universally available on free, accessible public infrastructure. The Galaxy Project has been delivering a robust and free analysis environment for the past 14 years. The major global Galaxy instances in the US, Europe, and Australia are backed by robust national high-performance computing infrastructure.

 The recent second version of the VGP pipeline now includes support for long-read and HiC data. As this pipeline uses open-source tools, the Galaxy team has enabled the use of this pipeline within the platform, making it available on all major Galaxy servers. The pipeline also has multiple variations depending on input dataset availability, including workflow versions with tools integrating trio-based assemblies and Bionano optical map data.

 These slides presented this pipeline on Galaxy servers, from data retrieval with the integrated repository for VGP datasets from public S3 buckets through final assembly and QA. We will also discuss plans for extending the pipeline, documentation, and training material enabling widespread use of the pipelines on public resources, and streamlined contribution to the Vertebrate Genomes Project.
Divisibility of L-Polynomials for a Family of Curves
Creators: name: Chacon, Ivan Blanco
name: Chapman, Robin
name: Fordham, Stiofain
name: McGuire, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H40

description: We consider the question of when the L-polynomial of one curve divides the L-polynomial of another curve. A theorem of Tate gives an answer in terms of jacobians. We consider the question in terms of the curves. The last author gave an invited talk at the 12th International Conference on Finite Fields and Their Applications on this topic, and stated two conjectures. In this article we prove one of those conjectures.
Cissidium bilineatum Darby 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium bilineatum

description: Cissidium bilineatum sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E3934680-B3BE-4C64-87A4-FE0BEEF8896F
Figs 3H, 6A, 66
Etymology
Named after the linear depressions on the pronotum
Material examined
Holotype
MALAYSIA • ♂; E Johore Sedili, Jason’s Bay, coastal swamp forest; 13 Oct. 1963, very wet litter; D.H. Murphy leg.; No 82; FM(HD) # 50.34; FMNH.
Paratypes MALAYSIA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; 1 ♀ mounted verso; MMUE, BMNH.
Additional material
MALAYSIA • 1 ♂; Sabah, Sandakan Distr., Sapagaya Forest Res.; 27 Jul. 1980; logged dipterocarp forest; R.F. Inger and D.D. Davis leg.; lacking antennae and with one elytron re-attached; MMUE. This specimen, not listed as a paratype, may be this species. It is much darker than the type series but in all other respects similar, particularly in having a very setose head and patches on the mesoventral collar without reticulation.
Description
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 66A), length 0.68 mm.
COLOUR. Yellow brown, pubescence, legs and antennae slightly paler
HEAD. Densely setose and foveolate (Fig. 3H); width across eyes 0.21 mm; antennomeres III–XI length 0.33 mm, III–IX length 0.21 mm, X–XI length 0.12 mm globular; mentum as Fig. 4A.
PRONOTUM. Length 0.21 mm, width 0.31 mm, pubescence more outstanding than on elytra, with two linear depressions reaching almost to the midpoint of the sclerite; side margins ± sharply angled then sinuate to obtuse hind angles, bordered, the border extending along the entire posterior margin including the emargination opposite the scutellum (Fig. 66B).
ELYTRA. Length 0.44 mm, width 0.40 mm, more densely pubescent than pronotum, pubescence slightly shorter.
MESOVENTRITE. Medial extension of collar narrow either side of semi-circular impressions in collar then widening posteriorly; mid-keel posterior corners not reaching anterior margin of mesocoxal borders; keel with a series of ± nine setae, almost parallel to a rounded tip between the mesocoxae; mesoventral lateral margins serrate in posterior half; humeri strongly toothed (Fig. 66C).
METAVENTRITE. Length 0.16 mm, width across spines 0.10 mm, with scattered setae, disc plain; posterior margins of mesocoxal cavities serrate.
WINGS. Macropterous.
GENITALIA. Male aedeagus as Fig. 6 Fa–b. Female spermatheca (Fig. 6A).
Remarks
Distinguished from C. visendum sp. nov., the only other Cissidium recorded from Malaya in this group, by the presence of the linear depressions on the pronotum.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 105-106, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
The Eisenstein ideal with squarefree level
Creators: name: Wake, Preston
name: Wang-Erickson, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use pseudodeformation theory to study the analogue of Mazur's Eisenstein ideal with certain squarefree levels. Given a prime number $p>3$ and a squarefree number $N$ satisfying certain conditions, we study the Eisenstein part of the $p$-adic Hecke algebra for $Γ_0(N)$, and show that it is a local complete intersection and isomorphic to a pseudodeformation ring. We also show that in certain cases, the Eisenstein ideal is not principal and that the cuspidal quotient of the Hecke algebra is not Gorenstein. As a corollary, we prove that "multiplicity one" fails for the modular Jacobian in these cases. In a particular case, this proves a conjecture of Ribet.
description: 49 pages, to appear in Adv. Math., revisions in response to referee report and some additions to the introduction
Graphical models for marked point processes based on local independence
Creators: name: Didelez, Vanessa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new class of graphical models capturing the dependence structure of events that occur in time is proposed. The graphs represent so-called local independences, meaning that the intensities of certain types of events are independent of some (but not necessarily all) events in the past. This dynamic concept of independence is asymmetric, similar to Granger non-causality, so that the corresponding local independence graphs differ considerably from classical graphical models. Hence a new notion of graph separation, called delta-separation, is introduced and implications for the underlying model as well as for likelihood inference are explored. Benefits regarding facilitation of reasoning about and understanding of dynamic dependencies as well as computational simplifications are discussed.
description: To appear in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B
Supplementary Methods and Figures;R code;R code;R code;R code from Growth strategies of a model picoplankter depend on social milieu and pCO2
Creators: name: Collins, Sinead
name: Schaum, C. Elisa
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Code for growth rate and metabolism calculations;Code for statistical tests;Code for carbon allocation changes;Code for regression to mean patterns
Negative social interactions and incident hypertension among older adults.
Creators: name: Rodlescia S. Sneed
name: Cohen, Sheldon
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine if negative social interactions are prospectively associated with hypertension among older adults. METHOD: This is a secondary analysis of data from the 2006 and 2010 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, a survey of community-dwelling older adults (age > 50 years). Total average negative social interactions were assessed at baseline by averaging the frequency of negative interactions across 4 domains (partner, children, other family, friends). Blood pressure was measured at both waves. Individuals were considered to have hypertension if they reported use of antihypertensive medications, had measured average resting systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher, or measured average resting diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher. Analyses excluded those who were hypertensive at baseline and controlled for demographics, personality, positive social interactions, and baseline health. RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent of participants developed hypertension over the 4-year follow-up. Each 1-unit increase in the total average negative social interaction score was associated with a 38% increased odds of developing hypertension. Sex moderated the association between total average negative social interactions and hypertension, with effects observed among women but not men. The association of total average negative interactions and hypertension in women was attributable primarily to interactions with friends, but also to negative interactions with family and partners. Age also moderated the association between total average negative social interactions and hypertension, with effects observed among those ages 51-64 years, but not those ages 65 or older. CONCLUSION: In this sample of older adults, negative social interactions were associated with increased hypertension risk in women and the youngest older adults.
An X-ray survey of the central molecular zone: variability of the Fe Ka emission line
Creators: name: Terrier, R.
name: Clavel, M.
name: Soldi, S.
name: Goldwurm, A.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Chuard, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is now abundant evidence that the luminosity of the Galactic super-massive black hole (SMBH) has not always been as low as it is nowadays. The observation of varying non-thermal diffuse X-ray emission in molecular complexes in the central 300 pc has been interpreted as delayed reflection of a past illumination by bright outbursts of the SMBH. The observation of different variability timescales of the reflected emission in the Sgr A molecular complex can be well explained if the X-ray emission of at least two distinct and relatively short events (i.e. about 10 years or less) is currently propagating through the region. The number of such events or the presence of a long-duration illumination are open questions. Variability of the reflected emission all over of the central 300 pc, in particular in the 6.4 keV Fe Ka line, can bring strong constraints. To do so we performed a deep scan of the inner 300 pc with XMM-Newton in 2012. Together with all the archive data taken over the course of the mission, and in particular a similar albeit more shallow scan performed in 2000-2001, this allows for a detailed study of variability of the 6.4 keV line emission in the region, which we present here. We show that the overall 6.4 keV emission does not strongly vary on average, but variations are very pronounced on smaller scales. In particular, most regions showing bright reflection emission in 2000-2001 significantly decrease by 2012. We discuss those regions and present newly illuminated features. The absence of bright steady emission argues against the presence of an echo from an event of multi-centennial duration and most, if not all, of the emission can likely be explained by a limited number of relatively short (i.e. up to 10 years) events.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Negative life events, perceived stress, negative affect, and susceptibility to the common cold
Creators: name: Cohen, Sheldon
name: Tyrrell, David A.J.
name: Smith, Andrew P
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: After completing questionnaires assessing stressful life events, perceived stress, and negative affect, 394 healthy Ss were intentionally exposed to a common cold virus, quarantined, and monitored for the development of biologically verified++ clinical illness. Consistent with the hypothesis that psychological stress increases susceptibility to infectious agents, higher scores on each of the 3 stress scales were associated with greater risk of developing a cold. However, the relation between stressful life events and illness was mediated by a different biologic process than were relations between perceived stress and illness and negative affect and illness. That these scales have independently relations with illness and that these relations are mediated by different processes challenges the assumption that perceptions of stress and negative affect are necessary for stressful life events to influence disease risk.
title: Strahlenschutzanweisung für die Universität Paderborn (mit englischer Übersetzung)
title: vom 29. November 2019
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2019

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
On Wess-Zumino terms of Brane-Antibrane systems
Creators: name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
name: Hatefi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the disk level S-matrix element of one closed string RR field, two open string tachyons and one gauge field in type II superstring theory. An expansion for the S-matrix element has been found that its four leading order terms are reproduced exactly by the symmetric trace tachyon DBI and the Wess-Zumino actions of D-brane-anti-D-brane systems. Using this consistency, we have also found the first higher derivative correction to the some of the WZ terms.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, Latex file
Negative emotions and acute physiological responses to stress
Creators: name: Feldman, Pamela J
name: Cohen, Sheldon
name: Lepore, Stephen J
name: Matthews, Karen A
name: Kamarck, Thomas W
name: Marsland, Anna L
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: One pathway through which stressors are thought to influence physiology is through their effects on emotion. We used meta-analytic statisitical techniques with data from nine studies to test the effects of acute laboratory stressors (speech, star mirror-image tracing, handgrip) on emotional (undifferentiated negative emotion, anger, anxiety) and cardiovascular (CV) response. In all of the studies, participants responded to stressors with both increased CV response and increased negative emotion. Increases in negative emotion were associated with increases in CV response across tasks, however, these associations were small. The range of variance accounted for was between 2% and 12%. Thus, the contribution of negative emotion, as assessed in these studies, to physiological responses to acute laboratory stressors was limited. Although these results raise questions about the role of emotion in mediating stress-elicited physiological responses, the nature of the acute laboratory stress paradigm may contribute to the lack of a strong association.
Additional file 3 of Relationship between ATOH1 and tumor microenvironment in colon adenocarcinoma patients with different microsatellite instability status
Creators: name: Mou, Weiming
name: Zhu, Lingxuan
name: Yang, Tao
name: Lin, Anqi
name: Lyu, Qiong
name: Guo, Linlang
name: Liu, Zaoqu
name: Cheng, Quan
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Luo, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. A, B. Oncoplots showing the mutation in the genes with the top 20 mutation rates in COAD patients in the MSI-L/MSS group(A) and the MSI-H group (B).
Comparative experimental and Density Functional Theory (DFT) study of the physical properties of MgB2 and AlB2
Creators: name: Sharma, Devina
name: Kumar, Jagdish
name: Vajpayee, Arpita
name: Kumar, Ranjan
name: Ahluwalia, P. K.
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In present study, we report an inter-comparison of various physical and electronic properties of MgB2 and AlB2. Interestingly, the sign of S(T) is +ve for MgB2 the same is -ve for AlB2. This is consistent our band structure plots. We fitted the experimental specific heat of MgB2 to Debye Einstein model and estimated the value of Debye temperature (theta) and Sommerfeld constant (gamma) for electronic specific heat. Further, from gamma the electronic density of states (DOS) at Fermi level N(EF) is calculated. From the ratio of experimental N (EF) and the one being calculated from DFT, we obtained value of Lembda to be 1.84, thus placing MgB2 in the strong coupling BCS category. The electronic specific heat of MgB2 is also fitted below Tc using pi-model and found that it is a two gap superconductor. The calculated values of two gaps are in good agreement with earlier reports. Our results clearly demonstrate that the superconductivity of MgB2 is due to very large phonon contribution from its stretched lattice. The same two effects are obviously missing in AlB2 and hence it is not superconducting. DFT calculations demonstrated that for MgB2 the majority of states come from Sigma and Pi 2p states of boron on the other hand Sigma band at Fermi level for AlB2 is absent. This leads to a weak electron phonon coupling and also to hole deficiency as Pi bands are known to be of electron type and hence obviously the AlB2 is not superconducting. The DFT calculations are consistent with the measured physical properties of the studied borides, i.e., MgB2 and AlB2
description: 16 pages Text + Figs: comments/suggestions welcome (awana@mail.nplindia.ernet.in)/www.freewebs.com/vpsawana/
Spectrally resolved single-shot wavefront sensing of broadband high-harmonic sources
Creators: name: Freisem, L.
name: Jansen, G. S. M.
name: Rudolf, D.
name: Eikema, K. S. E.
name: Witte, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavefront sensors are an important tool to characterize coherent beams of extreme ultraviolet radiation. However, conventional Hartmann-type sensors do not allow for independent wavefront characterization of different spectral components that may be present in a beam, which limits their applicability for intrinsically broadband high-harmonic generation (HHG) sources. Here we introduce a wavefront sensor that measures the wavefronts of all the harmonics in a HHG beam in a single camera exposure. By replacing the mask apertures with transmission gratings at different orientations, we simultaneously detect harmonic wavefronts and spectra, and obtain sensitivity to spatiotemporal structure such as pulse front tilt as well. We demonstrate the capabilities of the sensor through a parallel measurement of the wavefronts of 9 harmonics in a wavelength range between 25 and 49 nm, with up to lambda/32 precision.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Negation in Nonliteral Sentences
Creators: name: Budiu, Raluca
name: Anderson, John R.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We investigate how people process negation in semantically distorted and metaphoric sentences. We present three experiments in which participants judged the truth of affirmative and negative sentences that were either literal or contained semantic illusions (Erickson & Mattson, 1981) or metaphors. In all experiments, negation increases processing times; although for semantic illusions, negation preserves the ordering of judgment times for literal and nonliteral sentences, for metaphors this ordering is reversed, with nonliteral negatives taking less time than literal negatives. This result presents evidence against the traditional Clark and Chase (1972) model of negation. We propose the negation-as distortion model and discuss how this model can explain the data.
Hecke-Clifford algebras and spin Hecke algebras II: the rational double affine type
Creators: name: Khongsap, Ta
name: Wang, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The notion of rational spin double affine Hecke algebras (sDaHa) and rational double affine Hecke-Clifford algebras (DaHCa) associated to classical Weyl groups are introduced. The basic properties of these algebras such as the PBW basis and Dunkl operator representations are established. An algebra isomorphism relating the rational DaHCa to the rational sDaHa is obtained. We further develop a link between the usual rational Cherednik algebra and the rational sDaHa by introducing a notion of rational covering double affine Hecke algebras.
description: v3, 32 pages, mild corrections of some typos, to appear in Pacific J. Math
Heavy quarks in the presence of higher derivative corrections from AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Fadafan, K. Bitaghsir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the gauge-string duality to study heavy quarks in the presence of higher derivative corrections. These corrections correspond to the finite coupling corrections on the properties of heavy quarks in a hot plasma. In particular, we study the effects of these corrections on the energy loss and the dissociation length of a quark-antiquark pair. We show that the calculated energy loss of heavy quarks through the plasma increases. We also find in general that the dissociation length becomes shorter with the increase of coupling parameters of higher curvature terms.
description: 22pages, 8 figures, Revised version
Robust Odometry using Sensor Consensus Analysis
Creators: name: Palmer, Andrew W.
name: Nourani-Vatani, Navid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Odometry forms an important component of many manned and autonomous systems. In the rail industry in particular, having precise and robust odometry is crucial for the correct operation of the Automatic Train Protection systems that ensure the safety of high-speed trains in operation around the world. Two problems commonly encountered in such odometry systems are miscalibration of the wheel encoders and slippage of the wheels under acceleration and braking, resulting in incorrect velocity estimates. This paper introduces an odometry system that addresses these problems. It comprises of an Extended Kalman Filter that tracks the calibration of the wheel encoders as state variables, and a measurement pre-processing stage called Sensor Consensus Analysis (SCA) that scales the uncertainty of a measurement based on how consistent it is with the measurements from the other sensors. SCA uses the statistical z-test to determine when an individual measurement is inconsistent with the other measurements, and scales the uncertainty until the z-test passes. This system is demonstrated on data from German Intercity-Express high-speed trains and it is shown to successfully deal with errors due to miscalibration and wheel slip.
description: Version accepted to IROS 2018
Adler function in the analytic approach to QCD
Creators: name: Nesterenko, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low energy behavior of the Adler function D(Q^2) is studied by employing recently derived integral representation for the latter. This representation embodies the nonperturbative constraints on D(Q^2), in particular, it retains the effects due to the nonvanishing pion mass. The Adler function is calculated within the developed approach by making use of its perturbative approximation as the only additional input. The obtained result agrees with the experimental prediction for the Adler function in the entire energy range and possesses remarkable stability with respect to the higher loop corrections.
description: Talk given at Ninth Workshop on Nonperturbative QCD, 4 - 8 June 2007, Paris, France; 6 pages, 1 figure
On R-symmetric Fixed Points and Superconformality
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Buican, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important unanswered question in quantum field theory is to understand precisely under which conditions scale invariance implies invariance under the full conformal group. While the general answer in two dimensions has been known for over twenty years, a precise non-perturbative relation between scale and conformal invariance in higher dimensions has been lacking. In this note, we specialize to four dimensions and give a full quantum mechanical proof that certain unitary R-symmetric fixed points are necessarily superconformal. Among other consequences, this result implies that the infrared fixed points of N=1 supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics are superconformal.
description: 21 pages; references added; brief additional comments; results unchanged
Navigating without vision: basic and applied research.
Creators: name: Loomis, Jack M.
name: Klatzky, Roberta
name: Golledge, Reginald G.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We describe some of the results of our program of basic and applied research on navigating without vision. One basic research topic that we have studied extensively is path integration, a form of navigation in which perceived self-motion is integrated over time to obtain an estimate of current position and orientation. In experiments on pathway completion, one test of path integration ability, we have found that subjects who are passively guided over the outbound path without vision exhibit significant errors when attempting to return to the origin but are nevertheless sensitive to turns and segment lengths in the stimulus path. We have also found no major differences in path integration ability among blind and sighted populations. A model we have developed that attributes errors in path integration to errors in encoding the stimulus path is a good beginning toward understanding path integration performance. In other research on path integration, in which optic flow information was manipulated in addition to the proprioceptive and vestibular information of nonvisual locomotion, we have found that optic flow is a weak input to the path integration process. In other basic research, our studies of auditory distance perception in outdoor environments show systematic underestimation of sound source distance. Our applied research has been concerned with developing and evaluating a navigation system for the visually impaired that uses three recent technologies: the Global Positioning System, Geographic Information Systems, and virtual acoustics. Our work shows that there is considerable promise of these three technologies in allowing visually impaired individuals to navigate and learn about unfamiliar environments without the assistance of human guides.
2+1 flavour Domain Wall Fermion simulations by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations
Creators: name: Boyle, Peter
name: RBC
name: Collaborations, UKQCD
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review simulations of dynamical domain wall fermions at a fixed inverse lattice spacing of 1.73GeV and with pion masses as light as 330MeV and spatial dimensions as large as 2.7fm performed by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations. These results include pseudoscalar masses and decay constants and low energy constants of the chiral effective lagrangian. We also review results for the neutral kaon mixing amplitude $B_K$, the Kl3 form factor, pseudoscalar meson structure, and vector meson decay constants. In the baryon sector we review results for the spectrum, and nucleon form factors and structure functions. Highlights of our programme include preliminary quark masses, and determinations of $V_{us}$ from both $f_K/f_π$ and from Kl3, and an updated result for $B_K$. We find significant finite volume effects in the nucleon axial charge $g_A$ for our $m_π=330$ MeV ensemble on a $(2.7 {\rm fm})^3$ lattice, and highlight the importance of large physical volumes for non-trivial nucleon physics.
description: 22 pages, PoS(Lat2007) 005
Commuting powers and exterior degree of finite groups
Creators: name: Niroomand, Peyman
name: Rezaei, Rashid
name: Russo, Francesco G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J99, 20D15, 20D60, 20C25

description: In [P. Niroomand, R. Rezaei, On the exterior degree of finite groups, Comm. Algebra 39 (2011), 335-343] it is introduced a group invariant, related to the number of elements $x$ and $y$ of a finite group $G$, such that $x \wedge y = 1_{G \wedge G}$ in the exterior square $G \wedge G$ of $G$. This number gives restrictions on the Schur multiplier of $G$ and, consequently, large classes of groups can be described. In the present paper we generalize the previous investigations on the topic, focusing on the number of elements of the form $h^m \wedge k$ of $H \wedge K$ such that $h^m \wedge k = 1_{H \wedge K}$, where $m \ge 1$ and $H$ and $K$ are arbitrary subgroups of $G$.
description: to appear in the J. Korean Math. Soc. with revisions
Beweis, daß die Auflösung des Leibnitzschen Problems nur stattfindet, wenn das gegebene Dreyeck gleichschenklicht ist
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1800
Subjects: subject: Mathematik
subject: 090

description: Geometrie
Scaling Projections on Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Das, Debasis
name: Tulapurkar, Ashwin
name: Muralidharan, Bhaskaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate scaling of technologically relevant magnetic tunnel junction devices in the trilayer and pentalayer configurations by varying the cross-sectional area along the transverse direction using the non-equilibrium Green's function spin transport formalism. We study the geometry dependence by considering square and circular cross-sections. As the transverse dimension in each case reduces, we demonstrate that the transverse mode energy profile plays a major role in the resistance-area product. Both types of devices show constant tunnel magnetoresistance at larger cross-sectional areas but achieve ultra-high magnetoresistance at small cross-sectional areas, while maintaining low resistance-area products. We notice that although the critical switching voltage for switching the magnetization of the free layer nanomagnet in the trilayer case remains constant at larger areas, it needs more energy to switch at smaller areas. In the pentalayer case, we observe an oscillatory behavior at smaller areas as a result of double barrier tunneling. We also describe how switching characteristics of both kinds of devices are affected by the scaling.
Ultra-high-time Resolution Observations of Radio Bursts on AD Leonis
Creators: name: Osten, R. A.
name: Bastian, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of a radio burst that occurred on the flare star AD Leonis over a frequency range of 1120-1620 MHz (lambda ~18-27 cm). These observations, made by the 305m telescope of the Arecibo Observatory, are unique in providing the highest time resolution (1 ms) and broadest spectral coverage (Delta nu/nu =0.36) of a stellar radio burst yet obtained. The burst was observed on 2005 April 9. It produced a peak flux density of ~500 mJy and it was essentially 100% right circularly polarized. The dynamic spectrum shows a rich variety of structure: patchy emission, diffuse bands, and narrowband, fast-drift striae. Focusing our attention on the fast-drift striae, we consider the possible role of dispersion and find that it requires rather special conditions in the source to be a significant factor. We suggest that the emission may be due to the cyclotron maser instability, a mechanism known to occur in planetary magnetospheres. We briefly explore implications of this possibility.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. figures degraded to fit size requirements of astro-ph
A BGK model for high temperature rarefied gas flows
Creators: name: Baranger, Céline
name: Dauvois, Yann
name: Marois, Gentien
name: Mathé, Jordane
name: Mathiaud, Julien
name: Mieussens, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High temperature gases, for instance in hypersonic reentry flows, show complex phenomena like excitation of rotational and vibrational energy modes, and even chemical reactions. For flows in the continuous regime, simulation codes use analytic or tabulated constitutive laws for pressure and temperature. In this paper, we propose a BGK model which is consistent with any arbitrary constitutive laws, and which is designed to make high temperature gas flow simulations in the rarefied regime. A Chapman-Enskog analysis gives the corresponding transport coefficients. Our approach is illustrated by a numerical comparison with a compressible Navier-Stokes solver with rotational and vibrational non equilibrium. The BGK approach gives a deterministic solver with a computational cost which is close to that of a simple monoatomic gas.
Navigating complex decision spaces: Problems and paradigms in sequential choice.
Creators: name: Walsh, Matthew M.
name: Anderson, John R.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: To behave adaptively, we must learn from the consequences of our actions. Doing so is difficult when the consequences of an action follow a delay. This introduces the problem of temporal credit assignment. When feedback follows a sequence of decisions, how should the individual assign credit to the intermediate actions that comprise the sequence? Research in reinforcement learning provides 2 general solutions to this problem: model-free reinforcement learning and model-based reinforcement learning. In this review, we examine connections between stimulus-response and cognitive learning theories, habitual and goal-directed control, and model-free and model-based reinforcement learning. We then consider a range of problems related to temporal credit assignment. These include second-order conditioning and secondary reinforcers, latent learning and detour behavior, partially observable Markov decision processes, actions with distributed outcomes, and hierarchical learning. We ask whether humans and animals, when faced with these problems, behave in a manner consistent with reinforcement learning techniques. Throughout, we seek to identify neural substrates of model-free and model-based reinforcement learning. The former class of techniques is understood in terms of the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in the basal ganglia. The latter is understood in terms of a distributed network of regions including the prefrontal cortex, medial temporal lobes, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. Not only do reinforcement learning techniques have a natural interpretation in terms of human and animal behavior but they also provide a useful framework for understanding neural reward valuation and action selection.
Additional file 5 of Circulating tumor DNA methylation marker MYO1-G for diagnosis and monitoring of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Lin, Wu-Hao
name: Xiao, Jian
name: Ye, Zi-Yi
name: Wei, Da-Liang
name: Zhai, Xiao-Hui
name: Xu, Rui-Hua
name: Zeng, Zhao-Lei
name: Luo, Hui-Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Statistical description of the methylation ratio in different groups in disease monitoring analysis.