cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sexuality and the Law: Introduction to the Issue
Creators: name: Lang, Lucy Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2006

description: It is not every year that fifty-six professors at one’s law school join together to submit a brief to the Supreme Court. This law school’s recent brief in Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights, No 04- 1152 (2005), demonstrates the mounting tension around questions of sexuality and sexual expression in contemporary American culture, and the pressing need for the law to accommodate the asking of those questions. From the outcry that followed President Bush’s call for a constitutional amendment protecting heterosexual marriage in 2004 to the record-breaking release last month of Brokeback Mountain, the first gay romance film to receive wide release, this year has been marked by persistent reminders about the need to explore the issues surrounding sexuality. In an effort to encourage that discussion, we are pleased to host a symposium entitled “Sexuality and the Law” on February 24, 2006. We look forward to welcoming the many scholars who have contributed to this volume and will contribute to the panel discussions on “Children and Education,” “The Interplay Between Disability and Sexuality,” “Prison and Punishment,” “Sexuality and Marriage,” and “Sexual Expression.” We are especially pleased that Professor William Eskridge will join us to give the keynote address.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 15 No. 1 (2006)
Quantum Hall resistances of multiterminal top-gated graphene device
Creators: name: Ki, Dong-Keun
name: Lee, Hu-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four-terminal resistances, both longitudinal and diagonal, of a locally gated graphene device are measured in the quantum-Hall (QH) regime. In sharp distinction from previous two-terminal studies [J. R. Williams \textit{et al.}, Science {\bf 317}, 638 (2007); B. Özyilmaz \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 99}, 166804 (2007)], asymmetric QH resistances are observed, which provide information on reflection as well as transmission of the QH edge states. Most quantized values of resistances are well analyzed by the assumption that all edge states are equally populated. Contrary to the expectation, however, a 5/2 transmission of the edge states is also found, which may be caused by incomplete mode mixing and/or by the presence of counter-propagating edge states. This four-terminal scheme can be conveniently used to study the edge-state equilibration in locally gated graphene devices as well as mono- and multi-layer graphene hybrid structures.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Typos and equations (2-4) have been corrected. Phys. Rev. B 79, 195327 (2009)
Not in Our Country? A Critique of the United States Welfare System through the Lens of China’s One-Child Law
Creators: name: Love, Christie N.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: The United States has not shied away from speaking out about human right abuses that take place across the globe. However, in assuming the role of human rights crusader globally, the United States has neglected human rights violations that take place in its own backyard. Women and the poor have a long history of having their rights violated in this country. This violation is starkest at the intersection of the two groups, which can be seen in the development of welfare law. Racial stereotypes, traditional notions about gender roles and the role of the family, and political aspirations have shaped the development of welfare law in the past and continue to have a strong influence in the current law. United States welfare policy arguably is not in alignment with current human rights instruments or constitutional law regarding privacy. The United States considers itself a human fights defender abroad, but the manner in which the United States has dealt with China in the context of human rights is enlightening. The United States has criticized China’s one-child law for resulting in coerced abortions and forced sterilizations, and as a result of these findings the United States has pulled much-needed funding from the United Nations Family Population Fund (UNFPA), which supports the family planning endeavors of the Chinese government. However, despite the disapproval that the United States has exhibited toward Chinese law, current American welfare law uses similar methods and has effects similar to those occurring in China. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 is credited with overhauling the welfare system, and, although it fell short of President Clinton’s promise to end “welfare as we know it,” it did radically change welfare as we knew it.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005)
To Love the Babe That Milks Me: Infanticide and Reconceiving the Mother
Creators: name: Lang, Lucy Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: Ana Cardona is currently awaiting execution on Florida’s death row for the brutal abuse and murder of her three-year-old son. After her trial, the court found as fact that: During an eighteen-month period . . . Cardona beat, choked, starved, confined, emotionally abused and systematically tortured Lazaro. The child spent much of the time tied to a bed, left in a bathtub with the hot or cold water running, or locked in a closet. To avoid changing Lazaro’s diaper for as long as possible, Cardona would wrap duct tape around the child’s diaper to hold in the excrement. Cardona blamed Lazaro for her descent “from riches to rags,” and referred to him as “bad birth.” The court went on to explain that Cardona hit the child on the head with a baseball bat before abandoning him in the bushes near Miami Beach, where he died slowly over the course of the next four days before his disfigured body was found. This Article first argues that the existence of infanticide in the United States reflects the extent to which women are not free to choose whether or not to become mothers, due to hidden cultural pressures and a lack of alternatives, and then offers an alternate framework for understanding motherhood. This argument does not intend to justify crimes of infanticide or to devalue the suffering of children; rather, it calls attention to the fact that women are socially and legally expected to have and raise their own children. By providing a theoretical framework for understanding the possibility that not all women choose to have children, this Article issues a call to reframe our conception of motherhood and to provide viable options for women who cannot or do not want to raise their own children. Through the application of a theory of suffering, this Article argues that the United States criminal justice system is remiss in prosecuting infanticidal mothers under standard homicide statutes and should rather adopt specific infanticide statutes that recognize the distinctions between infanticide and other homicides. While such statutes would not necessarily reflect diminished culpability for the criminal act, differentiating infanticide from other forms of murder could protect women from public vilification as “murderers”‘ and from lengthy, unpredictable sentences.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005)
Role of Entrepreneurship Development in Protected Cultivation of Agricultural Commodities
Creators: name: Shilpa S Selvan1, Mahesh Kumar Samota1, Ramandeep Kaur1, Vimal Bhobhria1, Varinda1
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2024

description: Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in modern agriculture, particularly in the domain of protected cultivation, where crops are grown under controlled environmental conditions to maximize yield, quality, and efficiency. Protected cultivation includes methods like polyhouses, greenhouses, shade nets, and other structures that protect crops from adverse weather conditions and pests while allowing for optimal growing environments. As traditional farming faces numerous challenges, such as climate change, land degradation, and fluctuating market prices, protected cultivation offers a promising alternative for sustainable and profitable agriculture. This essay explores the role of entrepreneurship development in advancing the protected cultivation of crops, highlighting its significance, challenges, and potential benefits.
Robotics Applications in Neurology: A Review of Recent Advancements and Future Directions
Creators: name: Retnaningsih, Retnaningsih
name: Budiyono, Agus
name: Ismail, Rifky
name: Tugasworo, Dodik
name: Danuaji, Rivan
name: Syahrul, Syahrul
name: Gunawan, Hendry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robotic technology has the potential to revolutionize the field of neurology by providing new methods for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of neurological disorders. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the development of robotics applications for neurology, driven by advances in sensing, actuation, and control systems. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in robotics technology for neurology, with a focus on three main areas: diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. In the area of diagnosis, robotics has been used for developing new imaging techniques and tools for more accurate and non-invasive mapping of brain structures and functions. For treatment, robotics has been used for developing minimally invasive surgical procedures, including stereotactic and endoscopic approaches, as well as for the delivery of therapeutic agents to specific targets in the brain. In rehabilitation, robotics has been used for developing assistive devices and platforms for motor and cognitive training of patients with neurological disorders. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of current robotics technology for neurology, including the need for more reliable and precise sensing and actuation systems, the development of better control algorithms, and the ethical implications of robotic interventions in the human brain. Finally, the paper outlines future directions and opportunities for robotics applications in neurology, including the integration of robotics with other emerging technologies, such as neuroprosthetics, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality. Overall, this review highlights the potential of robotics technology to transform the field of neurology and improve the lives of patients with neurological disorders.
Hadronic Models for the Extra Spectral Component in the short GRB 090510
Creators: name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Guiriec, Sylvain
name: Mészáros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short gamma-ray burst GRB 090510 detected by {\it Fermi} shows an extra spectral component between 10 MeV and 30 GeV, an addition to a more usual low-energy ($<10$ MeV) Band component. In general, such an extra component could originate from accelerated protons. In particular, inverse Compton emission from secondary electron-positron pairs and proton synchrotron emission are competitive models for reproducing the hard spectrum of the extra component in GRB 090510. Here, using Monte Carlo simulations, we test the hadronic scenarios against the observed properties. To reproduce the extra component around GeV with these models, the proton injection isotropic-equivalent luminosity is required to be larger than $10^{55}$ erg/s. Such large proton luminosities are a challenge for the hadronic models.
description: 12pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
On quantum integrability of the Landau-Lifshitz model
Creators: name: Melikyan, A.
name: Pinzul, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum integrability of the Landau-Lifshitz model and solve the long-standing problem of finding the local quantum Hamiltonian for the arbitrary n-particle sector. The particular difficulty of the LL model quantization, which arises due to the ill-defined operator product, is dealt with by simultaneously regularizing the operator product, and constructing the self-adjoint extensions of a very particular structure. The diagonalizibility difficulties of the Hamiltonian of the LL model, due to the highly singular nature of the quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian, are also resolved in our method for the arbitrary n-particle sector. We explicitly demonstrate the consistency of our construction with the quantum inverse scattering method due to Sklyanin, and give a prescription to systematically construct the general solution, which explains and generalizes the puzzling results of Sklyanin for the particular two-particle sector case. Moreover, we demonstrate the S-matrix factorization and show that it is a consequence of the discontinuity conditions on the functions involved in the construction of the self-adjoint extensions.
description: 17 pages
Teledentistry content worldwide and in Canadian dental and dental hygiene curricula
Creators: name: Bakhshaeishahrbabaki, Anahita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Objectives: Despite teledentistry’s (TD) expanded utilization, it has yet to be fully adopted by oral health care professionals in their training and practice. The present study undertook a scoping review to explore TD incorporation in the training of oral health care providers worldwide and a survey at Canadian dental and dental hygiene programs. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology was used for the scoping review performed by two reviewers. Studies published between 1989 and June 4th, 2022, were searched using “teledentistry” and “education” as initial keywords. An anonymous survey with thirty-seven questions was distributed among all ten dental and thirty-five dental hygiene programs across Canada. The survey focused mostly on TD teaching (methods employed, content taught, and barriers to implementing TD), with descriptive (frequency, maximum, minimum, mean, etc.) and inferential (Pearson chi-square for odds ratio and Fisher’s exact test) data analyses using SPSS®. A 𝜌− value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 2180 documents were found; nineteen were eligible for data extraction. Didactic education and hands-on practice were the most employed training methods worldwide. All of the dental (n=10) and 68% (n=24) of dental hygiene programs responded to the survey; of the thirty-four programs, eighteen had TD content, including three dental programs. An average of 9.22± 4.86 hours was reported for teaching TD, with lecture format as the most employed approach and using TD in dental practice as the most covered topic. While 53% of the dental hygiene programs employed formative and summative assessments, only one dental program reported having an assessment for this content. Moreover, programs that dedicated less than nine hours to this content were less likely to address more than seven TD-related topics (OR=0.14). Conclusion: There is a variation in the existing TD educational programs, from content to assessment in both the scoping review and survey. Less than half of the dental hygiene and 30% of the dental programs in Canada incorporated TD content. However, the sparsity of TD educational programs emphasizes the necessity for its future planning.
Rupture, Leakage, and Reconstruction: The Body as a Site for the Enforcement and Reproduction of Sex-Based Legal Norms in the Breast Implant Controversy
Creators: name: Bloom, Anne
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: “When is a man a man, and when is a woman a woman?” So asked the Texas Court of Appeals when confronted with a case involving a post- operative transsexual who sought to recover under the state’s wrongful death statute for the death of her spouse, to whom she had been married for seven years. Christie Littleton had been born Lee Cavazos, Jr., a “physically healthy male.” But, at the age of twenty-seven, Christie underwent sex assignment surgery and became an anatomical female. About ten years later, she married Jonathon Littleton and lived with him until his death in 1996. After he died, Christie filed a medical malpractice claim against her husband’s doctor in her capacity as the surviving spouse. The doctor argued, however, that the case should be dismissed because Christie was not a “real” woman and therefore could not be the surviving spouse of Jonathon Littleton. The trial court agreed and entered summary judgment for the doctor. On appeal, the court noted that since Texas did not recognize marriages between persons of the same sex, the key question before the court was: “Is Christie a man or a woman?” In attempting to answer this question, the court acknowledged that Christie currently had the “anatomical and genital features” of a female and that she had “the capacity to function sexually as a female.” The court also acknowledged that many physicians would consider her a female. For the court, however, the most important question was not what Christie looked like now but whether Christie was “created and born a male.” Because Christie’s female anatomy was “all man-made,” the court reasoned, she was not a real woman.” As a result, her marriage to Jonathon Littleton was illegal and she could not recover as his surviving spouse.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005)
A data-driven approach at characterizing heterogeneity in neuropathy assessments
Creators: name: Johnston, Luke W
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: type 2 diabetes
epidemiology
neuropathy
neuropathy assessment
clustering analysis
factor analysis

description: Analysis code for the research project on cluster and factor analysis of neuropathy measures. This release contains the code for the poster (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8082491.v1), which can also be seen here https://posters.lwjohnst.com/edeg-2019/
Subdiffusive Brownian ratchets rocked by a periodic force
Creators: name: Goychuk, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work puts forward a generalization of the well-known rocking Markovian Brownian ratchets to the realm of antipersistent non-Markovian subdiffusion in viscoelastic media. A periodically forced subdiffusion in a parity-broken ratchet potential is considered within the non-Markovian generalized Langevin equation (GLE) description with a power-law memory kernel $η(t)\propto t^{-α}$ ($0\sim v_α t^α/ Γ(1+α)$, emerge asymptotically due to the breaking of the detailed balance symmetry by driving. The asymptotic exponent is $α$, the same as for free subdiffusion, $\propto t^α$. However, a transient to this regime with some time-dependent $α_{\rm eff}(t)$ gradually decaying in time, $α\leq α_{\rm eff}(t)\leq 1$, can be very slow depending on the barrier height and the driving field strength. In striking contrast to its normal diffusion counterpart, the anomalous rectification current is absent asymptotically in the limit of adiabatic driving with frequency $Ω\to 0$, displaying a resonance like dependence on the driving frequency. However, an anomalous current inversion occurs for a sufficiently fast driving, like in the normal diffusion case. In the lowest order of the driving field, such a rectification current presents a quadratic response effect. Beyond perturbation regime it exhibits a broad maximum versus the driving field strength. Moreover, anomalous current exhibits a maximum versus the potential amplitude.
Factors of binomial sums from the Catalan triangle
Creators: name: Guo, Victor J. W.
name: Zeng, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10, 05A30, 11B65

description: By using the Newton interpolation formula, we generalize the recent identities on the Catalan triangle obtained by Miana and Romero as well as those of Chen and Chu. We further study divisibility properties of sums of products of binomial coefficients and an odd power of a natural number. For example, we prove that for all positive integers $n_1, ..., n_m$, $n_{m+1}=n_1$, and any nonnegative integer $r$, the expression $$n_1^{-1}{n_1+n_{m}\choose n_1}^{-1} \sum_{k=1}^{n_1}k^{2r+1}\prod_{i=1}^{m} {n_i+n_{i+1}\choose n_i+k}$$ is either an integer or a half-integer. Moreover, several related conjectures are proposed.
description: 15 pages, final version
From Our Family to Yours: Rethinking the “Beneficial Family” and Marriage-Centric Corporate Benefit Programs
Creators: name: Ponte, Lucille M.
name: Gillan, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: In his Father Knows Best world, Jim Anderson was accustomed to clarity. Each week the show conveyed the message that the Andersons had found the most beneficial social formation in which to live: one comprised of a breadwinner father and homemaker mother in a nuclear family, living in a middle-class, suburban dwelling. The Andersons inhabited a 1950s television world filled with upper-class, white-collar fathers, stay-at-home wives, and two or three children, and offered a comforting unified vision of the American family. Given his title character status as the “father who knows best,” Jim Anderson would expect that the way he lived would be accepted by the majority of Americans as the most advantageous way to do so. Corporations registered their approval of the consumeristic suburban way of life that the Andersons and their “beneficial family” model represented by sponsoring 1950s television sitcoms about such consumeristic nuclear families. Long after these 1950s television programs have stopped being part of networks’ scheduled programming, corporations continue to reward nuclear families that fit the narrow “beneficial family” mold in their benefits programs, largely dismissing nonnuclear family structures as nontraditional outliers undeserving of recognition and protection. This preference prevails regardless of the fact that the “beneficial family” model, comprised of a consumeristic nuclear family, is not the predominant family model. Despite media images to the contrary, the nuclear family is only one of many different and valuable family models found throughout the United States and the world.’ Nonnuclear family units such as extended family, kinship networks, and friends-as-family are often wrongheadedly referred to as “nontraditional,” despite centuries of enduring existence.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2005)
Street Smut: Gender, Media, and the Legal Power Dynamics of Street Harassment, or Hey Sexy and Other Verbal Ejaculations
Creators: name: Laniya, Olatokumbo Olukemi
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: Unfortunately, these women’s experiences are not rare. Indeed, such astonishing encounters occur in the daily lives of women throughout the world. Rarely is it the case that a woman in a public space is not confronted with unsolicited comments and gestures of a sexual tone by men unknown to her. Yet, it is precisely the ubiquity of this phenomenon that distills its perceived effects on women and on society as a whole. Most men view the occurrence as harmless and even desired by women, while most women resign themselves to the inevitability of the acts and the absence of a vehicle to remedy such harm. Notwithstanding these somewhat discouraging facts, there is hope for a remedy to this problem. Those who fight against the sexual harassment of women in public places may find encouragement in the advancements made towards the recognition and redress of other harms that largely affect women, such as sexual harassment in the workplace. The notion of sexual harassment in the workplace was unknown fifty years ago, but is now recognized as a valid harm to women and to society. Great strides have been made in this arena, and women now have legally cognizable claims under Title VII and state non-discrimination laws. Further, this type of sexual harassment is socially condemned; it is no longer “what bosses do,” but carries with it a condemnation that reflects the changing ethical judgments of society. Thus, progress has been made, and this advancement helps to fortify the convictions of those who currently fight against the harassment of women in public places and other forms of sexual harassment that are not yet recognized as real injuries to women.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2005)
Legislative Reform and the Struggle to Eradicate Violence against Women in the Dominican Republic
Creators: name: Perez, Mercedes
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: In 1997, the National Congress of the Dominican Republic approved Law 24-97 Against Domestic Violence in a bid to alter the state’s response to violence against women. Law 24-97 introduced important changes to the country’s Criminal Code, criminalizing violent and discriminatory conduct in an effort to guarantee women equal protection and equal benefit of the law. The need for state action was urgent. A letter submitted to the Senate in 1996 in support of the draft bill that would later become Law 24-97 noted that murder was the sixth most common cause of death among Dominican women between the ages of fifteen and forty-five, that one in six Dominican homes experienced some type of violence, and that eighty percent of women who sought health care did so as a result of domestic violence. Prior to 1997, the Dominican Criminal Code was in dire need of reform. Substantive provisions in the Code dated back to the introduction of the C6digo de Instrucci6n Criminal y C6digo Penal (1826), modeled on the Napoleonic Codes and introduced following the Haitian occupation of 1821. Although the Code was modified after Dominican independence in 1844, for the most part it remained antiquated. To eliminate remnants of an authoritarian and patrimonial past, legislative reform, especially in the area of criminal law and criminal procedure, was deemed crucial to democratic reform. As one commentator has noted, criminal law reform signifies “la muestra de la renovaci6n democrtica latinoamericana,” or “proof of the renewal of Latin American democracy.”
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2005)
Backfiring of the Domestic Violence Fire Arms Ban
Creators: name: May, Lisa D.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2005

description: Dale Barsness was a convicted wife batterer. At the time of his conviction, he had a full and fair opportunity to be heard. He admitted in open court that he assaulted his wife, and the court found him guilty in a final adjudication of the matter. Because he was a convicted abuser, 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(9), which prohibits all persons convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor from possessing firearms, applied to Barsness. Barsness’s employer, the Minneapolis Police Department, required him to possess a gun. Since the federal law compelled Barsness to surrender his gun, he faced losing his job. A local judge took it upon himself to expunge Barsness’s domestic violence record, not because the matter was wrongly decided, or because it had been reversed and resolved in his favor,1 but simply because Barsness would otherwise be subject to suffer the consequences of the federal gun control law. The Hennepin County judge set aside Barsness’s adjudicated conviction, stating that because the federal law would force him to relinquish his gun and likely his job, the conviction created a “manifest injustice.” That local judge single-handedly overrode federal legislation, and Barsness was reissued his firearm and restored to his gun-carrying position (subject to appeal by the County Prosecutor).
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 14 No. 1 (2005)
Galactic Warps in Triaxial Halos
Creators: name: Jeon, Myoungwon
name: Kim, Sungsoo S.
name: Ann, Hong Bae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviors of galactic disks in triaxial halos both numerically and analytically to see if warps can be excited and sustained in triaxial potentials. We consider the following two scenarios: 1) galactic disks that are initially tilted relative to the equatorial plane of the halo (for a pedagogical purpose), and 2) tilted infall of dark matter relative to the equatorial plane of the disk and the halo. With numerical simulations of 100,000 disk particles in a fixed halo potential, we find that in triaxial halos, warps can be excited and sustained just as in spherical or axisymmetric halos but they show some oscillatory behaviors and even can be transformed to a polar-ring system if the halo has a prolate-like triaxiality. The non-axisymmetric component of the halo causes the disk to nutate, and the differential nutation between the inner and outer parts of the disk generally makes the magnitude of the warp slightly diminish and fluctuate. We also find that warps are relatively weaker in oblate and oblate-like triaxial halos, and since these halos are the halo configurations of disk galaxies inferred by cosmological simulations, our results are consistent with the fact that most of the observed warps are quite weak. We derive approximate formulae for the torques exerted on the disk by the triaxial halo and the dark matter torus, and with these formulae we successfully describe the behaviors of the disks in our simulations. The techniques used in deriving these formulae could be applied for realistic halos with more complex structures.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Homalosoma melanocephalum Jan.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ophidia
Carabidae
Homalosoma
Homalosoma melanocephalum

description: * Homalosoma melanocephalum Jan.
(Rhynchocalamus m. Gü.) ang.
Cairo v. F M. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 678, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Evaluating the stability of atmospheric lines with HARPS
Creators: name: Figueira, P.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Mayor, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: In the search for extrasolar systems by radial velocity technique, a precise wavelength calibration is necessary for high-precision measurements. The choice of the calibrator is a particularly important question in the infra-red domain, where the precision and exploits still fall behind the achievements of the optical. Aims: We investigate the long-term stability of atmospheric lines as a precise wavelength reference and analyze their sensitivity to different atmospheric and observing conditions. Methods: We use HARPS archive data on three bright stars, Tau Ceti, Mu Arae and Epsilon Eri, spanning 6 years and containing high-cadence measurements over several nights. We cross-correlate this data with an O2 mask and evaluate both radial velocity and bisector variations down to a photon noise of 1 m/s. Results: We find that the telluric lines in the three data-sets are stable down to 10 m/s (r.m.s.) over the 6 years. We also show that the radial velocity variations can be accounted for by simple atmospheric models, yielding a final precision of 1-2 m/s. Conclusions: The long-term stability of atmospheric lines was measured as being of 10 m/s over six years, in spite of atmospheric phenomena. Atmospheric lines can be used as a wavelength reference for short-time-scales programs, yielding a precision of 5 m/s "out-of-the box". A higher precision, down to 2 m/s can be reached if the atmospheric phenomena are corrected for by the simple atmospheric model described, making it a very competitive method even on long time-scales.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
ANALYSIS OF THE DIGITAL SERVICES DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN THE REGION (THE CASE OF THE CITY OF BELGOROD)
Creators: name: Koroleva Inna, S.
name: Vishnevskaya Ekaterina, V.
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2021
Subjects: ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ И КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
ГОРОДСКОЙ СЕРВИС
ЦИФРОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ

description: The penetration of digital technologies into all aspects of everyday life is becoming an increasingly important factor in the socio-economic development of countries and regions. Modern information technologies affect the modern economy and form a new type of economy - the digital economy, the main elements of which are digital ecosystems. Analysis of Russian and foreign practice, as well as theoretical research shows that servicezation and digital transformation of socio-economic systems are carried out on the basis of digital platforms that integrate economic, social and technological processes that form digital service ecosystems. The development of urban services in the city of Belgorod is facilitated by the implementation of the concept of creating a "Smart City". A comparative assessment of the development of the city service system allows us to conclude that Belgorod region is in the lead in most of the studied areas, with the final indicators in areas higher than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. But in comparison with large cities, Belgorod is inferior in many important areas, due to the size of the budget for information and communication technologies. To identify preferences in using digital services, a survey was conducted among residents of Belgorod. Most residents of Belgorod are ready to completely switch to using digital platforms to solve everyday problems.
Arbitrary Ground State Observables from Quantum Computed Moments
Creators: name: Vallury, Harish J.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of ground state properties of quantum systems is a fundamental problem in physics and chemistry, and is considered a key application of quantum computers. A common approach is to prepare a trial ground state on the quantum computer and measure observables such as energy, but this is often limited by hardware constraints that prevent an accurate description of the target ground state. The quantum computed moments (QCM) method has proven to be remarkably useful in estimating the ground state energy of a system by computing Hamiltonian moments with respect to a suboptimal or noisy trial state. In this paper, we extend the QCM method to estimate arbitrary ground state observables of quantum systems. We present preliminary results of using QCM to determine the ground state magnetisation and spin-spin correlations of the Heisenberg model in its various forms. Our findings validate the well-established advantage of QCM over existing methods in handling suboptimal trial states and noise, extend its applicability to the estimation of more general ground state properties, and demonstrate its practical potential for solving a wide range of problems on near-term quantum hardware.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted paper at the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE23)
Women taking the Lead in Law and Law Firms
Creators: name: Women's Association, March 29, 2004, Panel Presentation By Columbia Law
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2004

description: Thank you for coming and thank you to all the members of Columbia Law Women’s Association and thank you to our sponsor, Kasowitz Benson Torres & Friedman. Today, we are very proud to have such preeminent leaders in the legal profession to come to us. Their achievements have shown and have proven that women are indeed taking the lead in law and law firms. But how did they get to where they are today? That requires some insight, very interesting insight. The first half of our session will be the presentations by the six speakers. The rest of the time will be open to the students. For more information on their backgrounds, please read their brochures and let me just give you brief introductions of our guests. In alphabetical order, we have Dana Freyer. She is head of the Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution and Corporate Compliance Program practice at Skadden. She is recognized as a leader in dispute resolution and international arbitration. She has been named one of the top fifty women litigators in America by the National Law Journal. Marcia Goldstein. She is a senior partner at Weil Gotshal and co-chair of the Business Finance and Restructuring Department. She has been named in numerous publications of best lawyers in the restructuring and bankruptcy area.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2004)
Zoorkhaneh : a whisper of empowerment in Iran's gender struggle
Creators: name: Pirhadi, Nasim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: My work explores the conflicts surrounding women’s inequality in Iran. In my artwork, I use material transformation, installation art, cultural and symbolic references as methods through which I reflect on women’s problems in Iran. Iranian women are struggling to establish their status in a highly patriarchal society. This struggle, alongside the looming specter of violence they are subjected to as retaliation for resisting their oppression, creates an unrelenting fear that, no matter how hard they fight, all their efforts may be wasted at any moment. There is a Persian proverb that best articulates this fear in relation to my work: “whatever I weave is unraveled again” (Soheili 184). Similarly, as fabric that can be unwoven, I create fragile networks of intertwined ideas and materials in order to represent women’s vulnerability in Iran and the fearfulness they have no choice but to live with every day. In creating vulnerable structures subject to material disruption, I symbolically explore women’s constant underlying terror, their lack of independence, and the material challenges that fill the space of their absent rights to emphasize the tangible or practical challenges that women face and refers to the physical, real-world consequences and obstacles that women encounter as a result of their marginalized status. Regarding crime and punishment, personal freedoms (employment and travel), and legal status (marriage, divorce, and inheritance), Iranian law does not consider women equal citizens. This kind of systemic violence is a shared and disruptive experience every Iranian woman faces. As an Iranian woman myself, I forcibly create space to tell the stories of those of us who live through the reality of this oppression. Whilst all my work is in some way reflective of this ongoing struggle, certain aspects of my thesis project focus on the current unrest unfolding in response to “the murder of a 22-year-old Kurdish Iranian Jina Mahsa Amini, who was violently detained, brutalised, and killed by the morality police for not sufficiently covering her hair under the compulsory hijab” (Ghadery).
A bijection between paths for the M(p,2p+1) minimal model Virasoro characters
Creators: name: Blondeau-Fournier, Olivier
name: Mathieu, Pierre
name: Welsh, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The states in the irreducible modules of the minimal models can be represented by infinite lattice paths arising from consideration of the corresponding RSOS statistical models. For the M(p,2p+1) models, a completely different path representation has been found recently, this one on a half-integer lattice; it has no known underlying statistical-model interpretation. The correctness of this alternative representation has not yet been demonstrated, even at the level of the generating functions, since the resulting fermionic characters differ from the known ones. This gap is filled here, with the presentation of two versions of a bijection between the two path representations of the M(p,2p+1) states. In addition, a half-lattice path representation for the M(p+1,2p+1) models is stated, and other generalisations suggested.
description: 20 pages
A Woman Scorned for the Least Condemned War Crime: Precedent and Problems with Prosecuting Rape as a Serious War Crime in the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
Creators: name: Wood, Stephanie K
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2004

description: The woman scorned is Pauline Nyiramasuhuko, Rwanda’s Former Minister for Women’s Affairs, who is currently on trial at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (“ICTR”) for allegedly using her official capacity to incite Hutus to rape thousands of female Tutsis during the 1994 Rwanda Genocide. She is the first woman to be charged with rape as a crime against humanity by an international tribunal. The 1994 Rwanda Genocide had devastating effects on the female population in the country due to the systematic gender-based violence endorsed and carried out by government officials. Almost one million people were killed in one hundred days and, according to some reports, nearly all female survivors- including many young girls-were raped and sexually brutalized. While these crimes are neither historically nor geographically unique to the 1994 Rwanda Genocide, the ICTR’s efforts in prosecuting gender-based violence as crimes against humanity and tools of genocide have been unprecedented. Rape warfare, although common throughout history, has traditionally been the least condemned war crime. Although not without criticism, the ICTR shattered historical ambivalence toward gender-based violence by indicting and prosecuting Rwandan officials who countenanced rape as a method of warfare during the genocide. The first step in shattering this ambivalence occurred with the prosecution of Jean Paul Akayesu,” a mayor in the Taba Commune, who also sanctioned massive sexual violence against Tutsi women. With the Prosecutor v. Akayesu decision, the ICTR became the first international war crimes tribunal to convict an official for genocide and to declare that rape could constitute genocide. Pressure from women’s groups, coupled with cooperation and support coming from within the ICTR, led to the watershed decision linking sexual violence to the genocide in Rwanda.15 However, the ICTR’s handling of the Akayesu and Nyiramasuhuko cases also reveal a failure to adequately investigate and indict the gender-based violence sanctioned by the government during the genocide before trial, deficiencies in handling witnesses during the investigation and trial stages, and delays affecting the delivery of justice to survivors. These deficiencies must be addressed and corrected in order to maintain the Tribunal’s legitimacy, protect women’s human rights, and build upon the jurisprudence condemning rape warfare as genocide. An assessment of the ICTR’s deficiencies is especially timely given that the tenth anniversary of the genocide occurred in April 2004.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2004)
Operating in an Empirical Vacuum: The Ellerth and Faragher Affirmative Defense
Creators: name: Lawton, Anne
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2004

description: There is a classic management article by Professor Steven Kerr entitled On the Folly of Rewarding A, While Hoping for B. Its thesis is simple: reward systems often are structured so that they discourage desired behavior and encourage unwanted behavior. The federal courts’ decisions on the affirmative defense in cases of sexual harassment by supervisors illustrate Kerr’s thesis. In Burlington Industries v. Ellerth, and Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, the Supreme Court created a two-pronged affirmative defense to employer liability in certain cases of workplace harassment by supervisors. The Court did so in order to effectuate what it identified as Title VII’s “primary objective”-the prevention of illegal workplace discrimination, including sexual harassment. The affirmative defense requires an employer to prove both that (1) it exercised reasonable care to prevent and correct workplace harassment (“prong one”), and (2) the victim employee unreasonably failed to take advantage of the preventive and corrective mechanisms established by the employer (“prong two”). If an employer can satisfy the affirmative defense, it can limit or altogether avoid liability for the harassing conduct of its supervisors. By offering employers the possibility of limited or no liability for workplace harassment by supervisory personnel, the Court hoped to encourage employers to take steps to prevent and correct harassing behavior, for example, by adopting effective grievance procedures. Thus, in Ellerth and Faragher, the Court created a reward system which ties an employer’s liability to its efforts to reduce the incidence of workplace harassment.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2004)
Homalocranium trivittatum Müller, 1885, n. sp.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Ophidia
Colubridae
Homalocranium
Homalocranium trivittatum

description: * Homalocranium trivittatum n. sp.?
(H. gracile var. calamarina Cope?)
Guatemala. v. F M. [1] Char.: Mentale in Contact mit vorderu inframaxillaria; hinter dem collare drei helle Längsbinden bis zum Schwanzende.
Det.: Labialia bis zum Ende der Maulspalte 6 (3 und 4 ans Ange), das sechste am grössten. Hinter diesem noch ein ebenso grosses postlabiale, das nicht mehr an die Maulspalte grenzt. — Eiu prae-, zwei postocularia. — Temp. 1 + 1. — Infralab. 6, das vierte am grössten. — Serien 15, glatt. 145 + ¹/₁ + ca. 68/₂.
Frontale (verticale) ein Rhombus von der Gestalt eines Flugdrachen, mit vorderm stumpfem, hinterm sehr spitzem Winkel und ohne parallele Seiten. Occipitalia gross. Rostrale etwas zwisehen die praefront. (internus.) eingreifend. Die Spitze des mentale greift zwischen das vordere Paar der inframaxlliaria ein und trennt so das erste Paar der infralabialia. Zwischen dem zweiten Paar der inframaxillaria und dem ersten veutrale 3 Reihen Gularschuppen. Rücken kantig, Bauch ﬂachrund.
Das ganze Tier mit starkem Perlmutterglanz. Oberfläche und Seiten des Kopfes ganz wie H. melanoceph. gezeichnet.
Ein breites hochgelbes Halsband, vorne und hinten breit schwarz gesäumt. Grundfarbe des Rückens und der Flanken braun. Hinter dem schwarzen Saum des Halsbandes beginnen 3 blassgelbe (orange?) fein schwarzgesäumte Binden, von denen die mediandorsale 1¹/₂ Schuppen, die seitlichen ²/₂ Schuppen einnehmen. Die mediane verläuft bis zum Schwanzende, die seitlichen bis zur Mitte des Schwanzes. Ganze Unterseite blassgelb.
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on pages 678-679, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591