cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deletion of morpholino binding sites (DeMOBS) to assess specificity of morphant phenotypes
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: © 2020, The Author(s). Two complimentary approaches are widely used to study gene function in zebrafish: induction of genetic mutations, usually using targeted nucleases such as CRISPR/Cas9, and suppression of gene expression, typically using Morpholino oligomers. Neither method is perfect. Morpholinos (MOs) sometimes produce off-target or toxicity-related effects that can be mistaken for true phenotypes. Conversely, genetic mutants can be subject to compensation, or may fail to yield a null phenotype due to leakiness (e.g. use of cryptic splice sites or downstream AUGs). When discrepancy between mutant and morpholino-induced (morphant) phenotypes is observed, experimental validation of such phenotypes becomes very labor intensive. We have developed a simple genetic method to differentiate between genuine morphant phenotypes and those produced due to off-target effects. We speculated that indels within 5′ untranslated regions would be unlikely to have a significant negative effect on gene expression. Mutations induced within a MO target site would result in a Morpholino-refractive allele thus suppressing true MO phenotypes whilst non-specific phenotypes would remain. We tested this hypothesis on one gene with an exclusively zygotic function, tbx5a, and one gene with strong maternal effect, ctnnb2. We found that indels within the Morpholino binding site are indeed able to suppress both zygotic and maternal morphant phenotypes. We also observed that the ability of such indels to suppress morpholino phenotypes does depend on the size and the location of the deletion. Nonetheless, mutating the morpholino binding sites in both maternal and zygotic genes can ascertain the specificity of morphant phenotypes.
PPDONet: Deep Operator Networks for Fast Prediction of Steady-State Solutions in Disk-Planet Systems
Creators: name: Mao, Shunyuan
name: Dong, Ruobing
name: Lu, Lu
name: Yi, Kwang Moo
name: Wang, Sifan
name: Perdikaris, Paris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a tool, which we name Protoplanetary Disk Operator Network (PPDONet), that can predict the solution of disk-planet interactions in protoplanetary disks in real-time. We base our tool on Deep Operator Networks (DeepONets), a class of neural networks capable of learning non-linear operators to represent deterministic and stochastic differential equations. With PPDONet we map three scalar parameters in a disk-planet system -- the Shakura \& Sunyaev viscosity $α$, the disk aspect ratio $h_\mathrm{0}$, and the planet-star mass ratio $q$ -- to steady-state solutions of the disk surface density, radial velocity, and azimuthal velocity. We demonstrate the accuracy of the PPDONet solutions using a comprehensive set of tests. Our tool is able to predict the outcome of disk-planet interaction for one system in less than a second on a laptop. A public implementation of PPDONet is available at \url{https://github.com/smao-astro/PPDONet}.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables; ApJL accepted
Turbulence models of gravitational clustering
Creators: name: Gaite, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83F05 (Primary) 76F55, 60H15 (Secondary)

description: Large-scale structure formation can be modeled as a nonlinear process that transfers energy from the largest scales to successively smaller scales until it is dissipated, in analogy with Kolmogorov's cascade model of incompressible turbulence. However, cosmic turbulence is very compressible, and vorticity plays a secondary role in it. The simplest model of cosmic turbulence is the adhesion model, which can be studied perturbatively or adapting to it Kolmogorov's non-perturbative approach to incompressible turbulence. This approach leads to observationally testable predictions, e.g., to the power-law exponent of the matter density two-point correlation function.
description: 5 pages; contribution to Spanish Relativity Meeting 2011; based on arXiv:1202.3011, with a brief discussion of relativistic aspects
Accurate and Numerically Efficient r2SCAN Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
physics.chem-ph

description: Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. The recently proposed rSCAN functional [ J. Chem. Phys. 2019 150, 161101 ] is a regularized form of the SCAN functional [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 2015 115, 036402 ] that improves SCAN's numerical performance at the expense of breaking constraints known from the exact exchange-correlation functional. We construct a new meta-generalized gradient approximation by restoring exact constraint adherence to rSCAN. The resulting functional maintains rSCAN's numerical performance while restoring the transferable accuracy of SCAN.
q Analogue of p adic log gamma functions associated with modified q extension of Genocchi numbers with weight alpha and beta
Creators: name: Araci, Serkan
name: Acikgoz, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The fundamental aim of this paper is to describe q-Analogue of p-adic log gamma functions with weight alpha and beta. Moreover, we give relationship between p-adic q-log gamma funtions with weight (α, β) and q-extension of Genocchi numbers with weight alpha and beta and modified q Euler numbers with weight α
description: 6 pages
Decay Spectroscopy of $^{160}$Eu: Quasiparticle Configurations of Excited States and Structure of $K^π$=$4^+$ Band-heads in $^{160}$Gd
Creators: name: Yates, D.
name: Kruecken, R.
name: Dillmann, I.
name: Garrett, P. E.
name: Olaizola, B.
name: Vedia, V.
name: Ali, F. A.
name: Andreoiu, C.
name: Ashfield, W.
name: Ball, G. C.
name: Beadle, Z.
name: Bernier, N.
name: Bhattacharjee, S. S.
name: Bidaman, H.
name: Bildstein, V.
name: Bishop, D.
name: Bowry, M.
name: Burbadge, C.
name: Caballero-Folch, R.
name: Chaney, D. Z.
name: Cross, D. C.
name: Varela, A. Diaz
name: Dunlop, M. R.
name: Dunlop, R.
name: Evitts, L. J.
name: Garcia, F. H.
name: Garnsworthy, A. B.
name: Georges, S.
name: Gillespie, S. A.
name: Hackman, G.
name: Henderson, J.
name: Jigmeddorj, S.
name: Lassen, J.
name: Li, R.
name: Luna, B. K.
name: MacLean, A. D.
name: Natzke, C. R.
name: Petrache, C. M.
name: Radich, A. J.
name: Rajabali, M. M.
name: Regan, P. H.
name: Saito, Y.
name: Smallcombe, J.
name: Smith, J. K.
name: Spieker, M.
name: Svensson, C. E.
name: Whitmore, A. Teigelhoefer K.
name: Zidar, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: \noindent \textbf{Background:} Detailed spectroscopy of neutron-rich, heavy, deformed nuclei is of broad interest for nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure. Nuclei in the r-process path and following freeze-out region impact the resulting r-process abundance distribution, and the structure of nuclei midshell in both proton and neutron number helps to understand the evolution of subshell gaps and large deformation in these nuclei. \noindent \textbf{Purpose:} To improve the understanding of the nuclear structure of $^{160}$Gd, specifically the $K^π$=$4^+$ bands, as well as study the $β$-decay of $^{160}$Eu into $^{160}$Gd. \noindent \textbf{Methods:} High-statistics decay spectroscopy of $^{160}$Gd resulting from the $β$-decay of $^{160}$Eu was collected using the GRIFFIN spectrometer at the TRIUMF-ISAC facility. \noindent \textbf{Results:} Two new excited states and ten new transitions were observed in $^{160}$Gd. The $β$-decaying half-lives of the low- and high-spin isomer in $^{160}$Eu were determined, and the low-spin state's half-life was measured to be $t_{1/2}=26.0(8)$~s, $\sim$16\% shorter than previous measurements. Lifetimes of the two $K^π$=$4^+$ band-heads in $^{160}$Gd were measured for the first time, as well as $γ$-$γ$ angular correlations and mixing ratios of intense transitions out of those band-heads. \noindent \textbf{Conclusions:} Lifetimes and mixing ratios suggest that the hexadecapole phonon model of the $K^π$=$4^+$ band-heads in $^{160}$Gd is preferred over a simple two-state strong mixing scenario, although further theoretical calculations are needed to fully understand these states. Additionally, the 1999.0 keV state in $^{160}$Gd heavily populated in $β$-decay is shown to have positive parity, which raises questions regarding the structure of the high-spin $β$-decaying state in $^{160}$Eu.
Effects of Spatial Dispersion on the Casimir Force between Graphene Sheets
Creators: name: Drosdoff, D.
name: Phan, A. D.
name: Woods, L. M.
name: Bondarev, I. V.
name: Dobson, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir force between graphene sheets is investigated with emphasis on the effect from spatial dispersion using a combination of factors, such as a nonzero chemical potential and an induced energy gap. We distinguish between two regimes for the interaction - T=0 $K$ and $T\neq 0$ $K$. It is found that the quantum mechanical interaction (T=0 $K$) retains its distance dependence regardless of the inclusion of dispersion. The spatial dispersion from the finite temperature Casimir force is found to contribute for the most part from $n=0$ Matsubara term. These effects become important as graphene is tailored to become a poor conductor by inducing a band gap.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to EPL
Strange hadron production in Au+Au collisions at sNN =7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2020 American Physical Society. We present STAR measurements of strange hadron (KS0, Λ, Λ, Ξ-, Ξ+, ω-, ω+, and φ) production at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 7.7-39 GeV from the Beam Energy Scan Program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Transverse-momentum spectra, averaged transverse mass, and the overall integrated yields of these strange hadrons are presented versus the centrality and collision energy. Antibaryon-to-baryon ratios (Λ/Λ, Ξ+/Ξ-, ω+/ω-) are presented as well and used to test a thermal statistical model and to extract the temperature normalized strangeness and baryon chemical potentials at hadronic freeze-out (μB/Tch and μS/Tch) in central collisions. Strange baryon-to-pion ratios are compared to various model predictions in central collisions for all energies. The nuclear modification factors (RCP) and antibaryon-to-meson ratios as a function of transverse momentum are presented for all collision energies. The KS0 RCP shows no suppression for pT up to 3.5 GeV/c at energies of 7.7 and 11.5 GeV. The Λ/KS0 ratio also shows baryon-to-meson enhancement at intermediate pT (≈2.5 GeV/c) in central collisions at energies above 19.6 GeV. Both observations suggest that there is likely a change of the underlying strange quark dynamics at collision energies below 19.6 GeV.
Micrornas dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: miRNAs
mitochondrial dysfunction
reactive oxygen species
neurodegenerative disease
aging

description: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Neurodegenerative diseases are debilitating and currently incurable conditions causing severe cognitive and motor impairments, defined by the progressive deterioration of neuronal structure and function, eventually causing neuronal loss. Understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these disorders are essential to develop therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs implicated in gene expression regulation at the post-transcriptional level. Moreover, miRNAs are crucial for different processes, including cell growth, signal transmission, apoptosis, cancer and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases. Altered miRNAs levels have been associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS formation occur in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. The crosstalk existing among oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and miRNAsdysregulation plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Based on this evidence, in this review, with a focus on miRNAs and their role in mitochondrial dysfunction in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Drag in a resonantly driven polariton fluid
Creators: name: Berceanu, A.
name: Cancellieri, E.
name: Marchetti, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the linear response of a coherently driven polariton fluid in the pump-only configuration scattering against a point-like defect and evaluate analytically the drag force exerted by the fluid on the defect. When the system is excited near the bottom of the lower polariton dispersion, the sign of the interaction-renormalised pump detuning classifies the collective excitation spectra in three different categories [C. Ciuti and I. Carusotto, physica status solidi (b) 242, 2224 (2005)]: linear for zero, diffusive-like for positive, and gapped for negative detuning. We show that both cases of zero and positive detuning share a qualitatively similar crossover of the drag force from the subsonic to the supersonic regime as a function of the fluid velocity, with a critical velocity given by the speed of sound found for the linear regime. In contrast, for gapped spectra, we find that the critical velocity exceeds the speed of sound. In all cases, the residual drag force in the subcritical regime depends on the polariton lifetime only. Also, well below the critical velocity, the drag force varies linearly with the polariton lifetime, in agreement with previous work [E. Cancellieri et al., Phys. Rev. B 82, 224512 (2010)], where the drag was determined numerically for a finite-size defect.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Helicity-dependent photocurrents in the chiral Weyl semimetal RhSi
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: cond-mat.mes-hall

description: Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). Weyl semimetals are crystals in which electron bands cross at isolated points in momentum space. Associated with each crossing point (or Weyl node) is a topological invariant known as the Berry monopole charge. The circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE), whereby circular polarized light generates a helicity-dependent photocurrent, is a notable example of a macroscopic property that emerges directly from the topology of the Weyl semimetal band structure. Recently, it was predicted that the amplitude of the CPGE associated with optical transitions near a Weyl node is proportional to its monopole charge. In chiral Weyl systems, nodes of opposite charge are nondegenerate, opening a window of wavelengths where the CPGE resulting from uncompensated Berry charge can emerge. Here, we report measurements of CPGE in the chiral Weyl semimetal RhSi, revealing a CPGE response in an energy window that closes at 0.65 eV, in agreement with the predictions of density functional theory.
A novel ligand conjugated nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery
Creators: name: Liu, Chong
name: Shan, Wei
name: Liu, Min
name: Zhu, Xi
name: Xu, Juan
name: Yining Xu
name: Huang, Yuan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In order to enhance the interaction between nanocarrier and gastrointestinal epithelial cells, we developed nanoparticles (NPs) modified with targeting ligand FQSIYPpIK (FQS), which specifically interact with integrin αvβ3 receptor expressing on the intestinal epithelium. The targeting NPs were prepared by coating the insulin-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide)–monomethoxy-poly(polyethylene glycol) micelle cores with FQS modified trimethyl chitosan chloride. In in vitro study, the fabricated NPs showed ameliorated drug release profile and improved enzymatic stability compared with micelles alone. In the integrin αvβ3 receptor over-expressed Caco-2 cells model, FQS modified NPs exhibited significantly accelerated intracellular uptake due to the active ligand–receptor mediation. Meanwhile, the targeting NPs also showed enhanced transport across the Caco-2 monolayer cells via both transcellular and paracellular pathways. Besides, orally administered FQS modified NPs produced a prominent hypoglycemic response and an increase of the serum insulin concentration in diabetic rats. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated the FQS peptide modified NPs as promising intestinal cell-targeting nanocarriers for efficient oral delivery of insulin.
Fish as food in an age of globalization
Creators: name: Jacquet, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The human appetite for seafood has intensified and so has overfishing and damage to marine ecosystems. However, the true demand for seafood is often not captured in the national or United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) statistics. The underreporting of catches is prevalent worldwide, which inevitably leads to mismanagement, and justifies data improvements via catch reconstructions. For instance, marine fisheries catch reconstructions for 1950 to present for Mozambique and the United Republic of Tanzania show that the small-scale fisheries sectors in both countries are underreported. Overall, reconstructed marine fisheries catches for Mozambique and Tanzania were respectively 6.2 and 1.7 times greater than those reported by FAO. Similarly, shark catches have been underreported globally, and reconstruction of Ecuador’s mainland shark landings for 1979 to 2004 shows that shark landings were an estimated 7,000 tonnes per year, or nearly half a million sharks, and 3.6 times greater than those reported by FAO from 1991 to 2004. Over the past decades, as we realize fish catches are larger than officially reported and demand for seafood is outstripping the availability of wild resources, conservation groups have been attempting to change patterns of household consumption, particularly in North America and Europe. These groups aim to reduce overfishing and encourage sustainable fishing practices using tools like consumer awareness campaigns and seafood certification schemes. But many factors impede these efforts, such as the renaming and mislabeling of seafood, the absence of a significant price premium for certified seafood, and, most importantly, a lack of demonstrably improved conservation status for the species that are meant to be protected. This dissertation presents market-based initiatives that may strengthen current initiatives, e.g. global adoption of chain of custody standards, working higher in the demand chain, connecting seafood to climate change, and diverting small fish away from the fishmeal industry into human food markets. Also, conservation groups should consider investing as much effort into the elimination of harmful fisheries subsidies, the primary perverse incentive encouraging excess fishing capacity, as they put into altering consumer behavior. Finally, conservationists can learn from the latest research on the psychology of savings and investment. If these market efforts complement more marine protected areas and regulations, it may be possible to ensure fish as food and wildlife for both current and future generations.
Distributed Learning over Networks with Graph-Attention-Based Personalization
Creators: name: Tian, Zhuojun
name: Zhang, Zhaoyang
name: Yang, Zhaohui
name: Jin, Richeng
name: Dai, Huaiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In conventional distributed learning over a network, multiple agents collaboratively build a common machine learning model. However, due to the underlying non-i.i.d. data distribution among agents, the unified learning model becomes inefficient for each agent to process its locally accessible data. To address this problem, we propose a graph-attention-based personalized training algorithm (GATTA) for distributed deep learning. The GATTA enables each agent to train its local personalized model while exploiting its correlation with neighboring nodes and utilizing their useful information for aggregation. In particular, the personalized model in each agent is composed of a global part and a node-specific part. By treating each agent as one node in a graph and the node-specific parameters as its features, the benefits of the graph attention mechanism can be inherited. Namely, instead of aggregation based on averaging, it learns the specific weights for different neighboring nodes without requiring prior knowledge about the graph structure or the neighboring nodes' data distribution. Furthermore, relying on the weight-learning procedure, we develop a communication-efficient GATTA by skipping the transmission of information with small aggregation weights. Additionally, we theoretically analyze the convergence properties of GATTA for non-convex loss functions. Numerical results validate the excellent performances of the proposed algorithms in terms of convergence and communication cost.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE TSP; with supplementary details for the derivations
Mapping Research Topics on Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) in Islamic and Conventional Banking: VOSviewer Bibliometric Study and Literature Review
Creators: name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This study aims to determine the research mapping regarding the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) ratio in Islamic and Conventional Banking using a mix-method approach, namely the VOSviewer bibliometric study and literature review. Data analysis techniques include: (1) mapping the distribution of journal publications around the LDR ratio; (2) mapping the results of the VOSviewer bibliometric visualization around the LDR ratio based on the number of clusters and their items; and (3) mapping research topics around the LDR ratio using a literature review study. The results showed that: (1) based on the distribution of journal publications, there were 526 journal publications regarding the LDR ratio; (2) based on the mapping of the VOSviewer bibliometric study, the network visualization results around the LDR ratio are divided into 4 clusters and 1 77 topic items; (3) based on the mapping of literature review studies, there are 58 topics around the influence of the LDR ratio and 1 9 topics about the determinants of the LDR ratio. The implications and contributions of this research are to map research topics around LDR ratios in Islamic and Conventional Banking which are often or rarely researched by researchers so that they can be a reference for subsequent researchers.
Land-based pollution impacting coral reefs in Vatia Bay.
Creators: name: Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (U.S.)
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Coral Reef Ecosystem Program.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Coral reef conservation--American Samoa.

description: The coral reef in Vatia Bay, American Samoa, is in peril. Recently, staff from NOAA’s Coral Reef Ecosystem Program conducted underwater surveys to document the status of coral communities by measuring percent coral cover and coral demographics at 18 sites throughout the bay. The survey data reveals the impacts of land-based sources of pollution (runoff, sedimentation, and nutrient loading) on coral reefs in the bay. This information also provides a baseline to assess the effectiveness of management actions aimed at reducing landbased stressors in the area. These photographs illustrate the appearance of the reef at three locations: inner, middle, and outer bay.
Gauge Field Induced Chiral Zero Mode in Five-dimensional Yang Monopole Metamaterials
Creators: name: Ma, Shaojie
name: Jia, Hongwei
name: Bi, Yangang
name: Ning, Shangqiang
name: Guan, Fuxin
name: Liu, Hongchao
name: Wang, Chenjie
name: Zhang, Shuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to the chirality of Weyl nodes characterized by the first Chern number, a Weyl system supports one-way chiral zero modes under a magnetic field, which underlies the celebrated chiral anomaly. As a generalization of Weyl nodes from three-dimensional to five-dimensional physical systems, Yang monopoles are topological singularities carrying nonzero second-order Chern numbers c2 = +1 or -1. Here, we couple a Yang monopole with an external gauge field using an inhomogeneous Yang monopole metamaterial, and experimentally demonstrate the existence of a gapless chiral zero mode, where the judiciously designed metallic helical structures and the corresponding effective antisymmetric bianisotropic terms provide the means for controlling gauge fields in a synthetic five-dimensional space. This zeroth mode is found to originate from the coupling between the second Chern singularity and a generalized 4-form gauge field - the wedge product of the magnetic field with itself. This generalization reveals intrinsic connections between physical systems of different dimensions, while a higher dimensional system exhibits much richer supersymmetric structures in Landau level degeneracy due to the internal degrees of freedom. Our study offers the possibility of controlling electromagnetic waves by leveraging the concept of higher-order and higher-dimensional topological phenomena.
description: 64 pages including supplementary material, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Comparison of methods for handling covariate missingness in propensity score estimation with a binary exposure
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Propensity scores
Missing data
Causal inference
Generalized boosted models

description: BACKGROUND: Causal effect estimation with observational data is subject to bias due to confounding, which is often controlled for using propensity scores. One unresolved issue in propensity score estimation is how to handle missing values in covariates. METHOD: Several approaches have been proposed for handling covariate missingness, including multiple imputation (MI), multiple imputation with missingness pattern (MIMP), and treatment mean imputation. However, there are other potentially useful approaches that have not been evaluated, including single imputation (SI) + prediction error (PE), SI + PE + parameter uncertainty (PU), and Generalized Boosted Modeling (GBM), which is a nonparametric approach for estimating propensity scores in which missing values are automatically handled in the estimation using a surrogate split method. To evaluate the performance of these approaches, a simulation study was conducted. RESULTS: Results suggested that SI + PE, SI + PE + PU, MI, and MIMP perform almost equally well and better than treatment mean imputation and GBM in terms of bias; however, MI and MIMP account for the additional uncertainty of imputing the missingness. CONCLUSIONS: Applying GBM to the incomplete data and relying on the surrogate split approach resulted in substantial bias. Imputation prior to implementing GBM is recommended.
Experiments in visitor management at Maligne Canyon, Jasper National Park: a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of selected channelling techniques in reducing trampling disturbance
Creators: name: Johnson, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1979
Subjects: subject: GV 191.46 A4 J63 1979 Microfiche
subject: Recreation areas - Alberta - Jasper National Park - Visitors
subject: Jasper National Park (Alta.)
subject: Outdoor recreation - Environmental aspects

description: Bibliography: p. 185-190.
Distinctive germline expression of class i human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and DRB1 heterozygosis predict the outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: B7-H1 antigen
antigen presentation
lung neoplasms
tumor biomarkers

description: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Background Nivolumab is a human monoclonal antibody against programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) able to rescue quiescent tumor infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restoring their ability to kill target cells expressing specific tumor antigen-derived epitope peptides bound to homologue human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Nivolumab is currently an active but expensive therapeutic agent for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC), producing, in some cases, immune-related adverse events (irAEs). At the present, no reliable biomarkers have been validated to predict either treatment response or adverse events in treated patients. Methods We performed a retrospective multi-institutional analysis including 119 patients with mNSCLC who received PD-1 blockade since November 2015 to investigate the predictive role of germinal class I HLA and DRB1 genotype. We investigated the correlation among patients' outcome and irAEs frequency with specific HLA A, B, C and DRB1 alleles by reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) DNA typing. Results A poor outcome in patients negative for the expression of two most frequent HLA-A alleles was detected (HLA: HLA-A∗01 and or A∗02; progression-free survival (PFS): 7.5 (2.8 to 12.2) vs 15.9 (0 to 39.2) months, p=0.01). In particular, HLA-A∗01-positive patients showed a prolonged PFS of 22.6 (10.2 to 35.0) and overall survival (OS) of 30.8 (7.7 to 53.9) months, respectively. We also reported that HLA-A and DRB1 locus heterozygosis (het) were correlated to a worse OS if we considered het in the locus A; in reverse, long survival was correlated to het in DRB1. Conclusions This study demonstrate that class I and II HLA allele characterization to define tumor immunogenicity has relevant implications in predicting nivolumab efficacy in mNSCLC and provide the rationale for further prospective trials of cancer immunotherapy.
Neo-Pavlovian properties of the nervous system and Eysenck's model of personality
Creators: name: Loo, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: BF 698.9 B5 L64 1978 Fiche
subject: Personality
subject: Psychology, Physiological
subject: Nervous system
subject: Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich, 1849-1936
subject: Eysenck, Hans Jurgen, 1916-

description: Bibliography: p. 72-77.
Stellar contents and Star formation in the young cluster Stock 18
Creators: name: Bhatt, Himali
name: Sagar, Ram
name: Pandey, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out deep (V$\sim$21 mag) \ubvri photometric study of the star cluster Stock 18. These along with archival Infrared data have been used to derive the basic cluster parameters and also to study the star formation processes in and around the cluster region. The distance to the cluster is derived as 2.8$\pm$0.2 kpc while its age is estimated as $6.0\pm2.0$ Myr. Present study indicates that interstellar reddening is normal in the direction of the cluster. The mass function slope is found to be -1.37$\pm$0.27 for the mass range 1$
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables (Accepted for publication in New Astronomy)
New constraints on the kinematic, relativistic and evolutionary properties of the PSR J1757$-$1854 double neutron star system
Creators: name: Cameron, A. D.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Kramer, M.
name: McLaughlin, M. A.
name: Ng, C.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Ridolfi, A.
name: Tauris, T. M.
name: Wahl, H. M.
name: Wex, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PSR J1757$-$1854 is one of the most relativistic double neutron star binary systems known in our Galaxy, with an orbital period of $P_\text{b}=4.4\,\text{hr}$ and an orbital eccentricity of $e=0.61$. As such, it has promised to be an outstanding laboratory for conducting tests of relativistic gravity. We present the results of a 6-yr campaign with the 100-m Green Bank and 64-m Parkes radio telescopes, designed to capitalise on this potential. We identify secular changes in the profile morphology and polarisation of PSR J1757$-$1854, confirming the presence of geodetic precession and allowing the constraint of viewing geometry solutions consistent with General Relativity. We also update PSR J1757$-$1854's timing, including new constraints of the pulsar's proper motion, post-Keplerian parameters and component masses. We conclude that the radiative test of gravity provided by PSR J1757$-$1854 is fundamentally limited to a precision of 0.3 per cent due to the pulsar's unknown distance. A search for pulsations from the companion neutron star is also described, with negative results. We provide an updated evaluation of the system's evolutionary history, finding strong support for a large kick velocity of $w\ge280\,\text{km s}^{-1}$ following the second progenitor supernova. Finally, we reassess PSR J1757$-$1854's potential to provide new relativistic tests of gravity. We conclude that a 3-$σ$ constraint of the change in the projected semi-major axis ($\dot{x}$) associated with Lense-Thirring precession is expected no earlier than 2031. Meanwhile, we anticipate a 3-$σ$ measurement of the relativistic orbital deformation parameter $δ_θ$ as soon as 2026.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables
On the Tunneling Properties of non-Planar Molecules in a Gas Medium
Creators: name: Bahrami, Mohammad
name: Bassi, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple, general, and accurate formula for analyzing the tunneling between classical configurations of a non-planar molecule in a gas medium, as a function of the thermodynamic parameters of the gas. We apply it to two interesting cases: i) The shift to zero frequency of the inversion line of ammonia, upon increase of the pressure of the gas; ii) The destruction of the coherent tunneling of D2S2 molecules in a gas of He. In both cases, we compare our analysis with previous theoretical and experimental results.
description: 9 pages, 3 Figures
Individual breastfeeding support with contingent incentives for low-income mothers in the USA: The 'BOOST (Breastfeeding Onset & Onward with Support Tools)' randomised controlled trial protocol
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: breastfeeding duration
WIC
financial incentives
home-based settings

description: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. Introduction National breastfeeding rates have improved in recent years, however, disparities exist by socioeconomic and psychosocial factors. Suboptimal breastfeeding overburdens the society by increasing healthcare costs. Existing breastfeeding supports including education and peer support have not been sufficient in sustaining breastfeeding rates especially among low-income women. The preliminary outcomes of contingent incentives for breastfeeding in addition to existing support show promising effects in sustaining breastfeeding among mothers in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Programme for women, infants and children (WIC). Methods and analysis This trial uses a parallel randomised controlled trial. This trial is conducted at two sites in separate states in the USA. Mothers who were enrolled in WIC and initiated breastfeeding are eligible. Participants (n=168) are randomised into one of the two study groups: (1) standard care control (SC) group consisting of WIC breastfeeding services plus home-based individual support or (2) SC plus breastfeeding incentives (SC +BFI) contingent on demonstrating successful breastfeeding. All participants receive standard breastfeeding services from WIC, home-based individual support and assessments. Participants in SC receive financial compensation based on the number of completed monthly home visits, paid in a lump sum at the end of the 6-month intervention period. Participants in SC +BFI receive an escalating magnitude of financial incentives contingent on observed breastfeeding, paid monthly during the intervention period, as well as bonus incentives for selecting full breastfeeding food packages at WIC. The primary hypothesis is that monthly incentives contingent on breastfeeding in SC +BFI will significantly increase rates of any breastfeeding compared with SC. The primary outcome is the rate of any breastfeeding over 12 months. Randomisation is completed in an automated electronic system. Staff conducting home visits for support and assessments are blinded to study groups. Ethics and dissemination The Advarra Institutional Review Board has approved the study protocol (Pro00033168). Findings will be disseminated to our participants, scientific communities, public health officials and any other interested community members. Trial registration number NCT03964454
A step in the direction of resolving the paradox of Perdew-Zunger self-interaction correction. II. Gauge consistency of the energy density at three levels of approximation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: physics.chem-ph
cond-mat.other

description: The Perdew-Zunger (PZ) self-interaction correction (SIC) was designed to correct the one-electron limit of any approximate density functional for the exchange-correlation (xc) energy, while yielding no correction to the exact functional. Unfortunately, it spoils the slowly varying (in space) limits of the uncorrected approximate functionals, where those functionals are right by construction. The right limits can be restored by locally scaling down the energy density of the PZ SIC in many-electron regions, but then a spurious correction to the exact functional would be found unless the self-Hartree and exact self-xc terms of the PZ SIC energy density were expressed in the same gauge. Only the local density approximation satisfies the same-gauge condition for the energy density, which explains why the recent local-scaling SIC is found here to work excellently for atoms and molecules only with this basic approximation and not with the more advanced generalized gradient approximations (GGAs) and meta-GGAs, which lose the Hartree gauge via simplifying integrations by parts. The transformation of energy density that achieves the Hartree gauge for the exact xc functional can also be applied to approximate functionals. Doing so leads to a simple scaled-down self-interaction correction that is typically much more accurate than PZ SIC in tests for many molecular properties (including equilibrium bond lengths). The present work unambiguously shows that the largest errors of PZ SIC applied to standard functionals at three levels of approximation can be removed by restoring their correct slowly varying density limits. It also confirms the relevance of these limits to atoms and molecules.
Measurement and simulation of anisotropic magnetoresistance in single GaAs/MnAs core/shell nanowires
Creators: name: Liang, J.
name: Wang, J.
name: Paul, A.
name: Cooley, B. J.
name: Rench, D. W.
name: Dellas, N. S.
name: Mohney, S. E.
name: Engel-Herbert, R.
name: Samarth, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report four probe measurements of the low field magnetoresistance in single core/shell GaAs/MnAs nanowires synthesized by molecular beam epitaxy, demonstrating clear signatures of anisotropic magnetoresistance that track the field-dependent magnetization. A comparison with micromagnetic simulations reveals that the principal characteristics of the magnetoresistance data can be unambiguously attributed to the nanowire segments with a zinc blende GaAs core. The direct correlation between magnetoresistance, magnetization and crystal structure provides a powerful means of characterizing individual hybrid ferromagnet/semiconductor nanostructures.
description: Submitted to Applied Physics Letters; some typos corrected and a defective figure replaced
Feasibility and acceptability of testing a menstrual-cycle timed smoking cessation intervention for women of reproductive age (Project Phase): Protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Menstrual cycle
Smoking cessation
Telephone-based interventions
Women

description: © 2020 Background: Compared to men, women have unique barriers to smoking cessation and are less likely to utilize quitline services. While current clinical recommendations have called for sex/gender-specific smoking cessation protocols, quitlines have not been expanded protocols to address the unique needs of women. Menstrual cycles (and/or ovarian hormones) influence quit outcomes in women. This paper presents the study design and protocol for a randomized control trial (Project Phase) designed to test the feasibility and acceptability of utilizing menstrual cycle timing to improve quit outcomes in women of reproductive age. Methods/design: Participants include treatment-seeking women (n = 116), between the ages of 18–40 with regular and naturally-occurring menstrual cycles. Eligible participants are randomized to either the mid-Follicular Phase (FP) or Standard Care (SC-control) group. Counseling includes six weekly telephone sessions with four weeks of nicotine replacement therapy. The timing and frequency of sessions is identical to both conditions, with the exception of the quit day (week 3 of counseling). In addition to providing education on menstrual cycle and quitting, quit day for FP participants is set within 6–8 days post onset of menses; the SC group quit day is set for Week 3 of counseling regardless of their menstrual cycle phase. Dried blood spots will be used to bioverify menstrual cycle phase and smoking status. Discussion: If feasible and acceptable, our behavioral counseling intervention that times the quit day to the mid-follicular phase of the menstrual may increase quit outcomes among women of reproductive age and has potential for dissemination across quitlines nationally.
Anisotropic optical response of the mixed-valent Mott-Hubbard insulator NaCu2O2
Creators: name: Matiks, Y.
name: Yaresko, A. N.
name: Myung-Whun, K.
name: Maljuk, A.
name: Horsch, P.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Boris, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a comprehensive spectroscopic ellipsometry study of NaCu2O2, a compound composed of chains of edge-sharing Cu2+O4 plaquettes and planes of Cu1+ ions in a O-Cu1+-O dumbbell configuration, in the spectral range 0.75-6.5 eV at temperatures 7 -300 K. The spectra of the dielectric function for light polarized parallel to the Cu1+ planes reveal a strong in-plane anisotropy of the interband excitations. Strong and sharp absorption bands peaked at 3.45 eV (3.7 eV) dominate the spectra for polarization along (perpendicular) to the Cu2+O2 chains. They are superimposed on flat and featureless plateaux above the absorption edges at 2.25 eV (2.5 eV). Based on density-functional calculations, the anomalous absorption peaks can be assigned to transitions between bands formed by Cu1+ 3dxz(dyz) and Cu2+ 3dxy orbitals, strongly hybridized with O pstates. The major contribution to the background response comes from transitions between Cu1+ 3dz2 and 4px(py) bands. This assignment accounts for the measured in-plane anisotropy. The dielectric response along the Cu2+O2 chains develops a weak two-peak structure centered at 2.1 and 2.65 eV upon cooling below 100 K, along with the appearance of spin correlations along the Cu2+O2 chains. These features bear a striking resemblance to those observed in the single-valent Cu2+O2 chain compound LiCuVO4, which were identified as an exciton doublet associated with transitions to the upper Hubbard band that emerges as a consequence of the long-range Coulomb interaction between electrons on neighboring Cu2+ sites along the chains. An analysis of the spectral weights of these features yields the parameters characterizing the on-site and long-range Coulomb interactions.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures