cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neural Network Interaction Potentials for para-Hydrogen with Flexible Molecules
Creators: name: Caballero, Laura Durán
name: Schran, Christoph
name: Brieuc, Fabien
name: Marx, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of molecular impurities in $para$-hydrogen ($p$H$\rm_2$) clusters is key to push forward our understanding of intra- and intermolecular interactions including their impact on the superfluid response of this bosonic quantum solvent. This includes tagging with one or very few $p$H$\rm_2$, the microsolvation regime, and matrix isolation. However, the fundamental coupling between the bosonic $p$H$\rm_2$ environment and the (ro-)vibrational motion of molecular impurities remains poorly understood. Quantum simulations can in provide the necessary atomistic insight, but very accurate descriptions of the involved interactions are required. Here, we present a data-driven approach for the generation of $impurity\cdots p$H$\rm_2$ interaction potentials based on machine learning techniques which retain the full flexibility of the impurity. We employ the well-established adiabatic hindered rotor (AHR) averaging technique to include the impact of the nuclear spin statistics on the symmetry-allowed rotational quantum numbers of $p$H$\rm_2$. Embedding this averaging procedure within the high-dimensional neural network potential (NNP) framework enables the generation of highly-accurate AHR-averaged NNPs at coupled cluster accuracy, namely CCSD(T$^*$)-F12a/aVTZcp in an automated manner. We apply this methodology to the water and protonated water molecules, as representative cases for quasi-rigid and highly-flexible molecules respectively, and obtain AHR-averaged NNPs that reliably describe the H$\rm _2$O$\cdots p$H$\rm_2$ and H$\rm _3$O$^+\cdots p$H$\rm_2$ interactions. Using path integral simulations we show for the hydronium cation that umbrella-like tunneling inversion has a strong impact on the first and second $p$H$\rm_2$ microsolvation shells. The data-driven nature of our protocol opens the door to the study of bosonic $p$H$\rm_2$ quantum solvation for a wide range of embedded impurities.
description: The following article has been submitted to the Journal of Chemical Physics
Supporting Information from Cross-scale cooperation enables sustainable use of a common-pool resource
Creators: name: Ringsmuth, Andrew K.
name: Lade, Steven J.
name: Schlüter, Maja
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Presents: 1. summary of the original TSL subsystem model; 2. assessment of our perturbative approximation to the biophysical model; 3. formulation of the harvesting norm scenarios; 4. supplementary results; 5. summary of mechanisms underlying the different stability landscape phases; 6. analysis of model sensitivity to subsystem parameters.
Supplementary tables and figures from Everything is not everywhere: marine compartments shape phytoplankton assemblages.
Creators: name: Spatharis, Sofie
name: Lamprinou, Vasiliki
name: Meziti, Alexandra
name: Kormas, Konstantinos A.
name: Danielidis, Daniel D.
name: Smeti, Evangelia
name: Roelke, Daniel L.
name: Mancy, Rebecca
name: Tsirtsis, George
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The idea that ‘everything is everywhere, but the environment selects' has been seminal in microbial biogeography, and marine phytoplankton is one of the prototypical groups used to illustrate this. The typical argument has been that phytoplankton is ubiquitous, but that distinct assemblages form under environmental selection. It is well established that phytoplankton assemblages vary considerably between coastal ecosystems. However, the relative roles of compartmentalization of regional seas and site-specific environmental conditions in shaping assemblage structures have not been specifically examined. We collected data from coastal embayments that fall within two different water compartments within the same regional sea and are characterized by highly localized environmental pressures. We used principal coordinates of neighbour matrices (PCNM) and asymmetric eigenvector maps (AEM) models to partition the effects that spatial structures, environmental conditions and their overlap had on the variation in assemblage composition. Our models explained a high percentage of variation in assemblage composition (59–65%) and showed that spatial structure consistent with marine compartmentalization played a more important role than local environmental conditions. At least during the study period, surface currents connecting sites within the two compartments failed to generate sufficient dispersal to offset the impact of differences due to compartmentalization. In other words, our findings suggest that, even for a prototypical cosmopolitan group, everything is not everywhere.
Metrics with non-negative Ricci curvature on convex three-manifolds
Creators: name: Ache, Antonio
name: Maximo, Davi
name: Wu, Haotian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the space of smooth Riemannian metrics on the three-ball with non-negative Ricci curvature and strictly convex boundary is path connected; and, moreover, that the associated moduli space (i.e., modulo orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms of the three-ball) is contractible. As an application, using results of Maximo, Nunes, and Smith [MNS13], we show the existence of properly embedded free boundary minimal annulus on any three-ball with non-negative Ricci curvature and strictly convex boundary.
description: Strengthened the conclusions in Theorems 1.1 and 1.2 that the respective moduli spaces are contractible; corrected typos; updated references. To appear in Geometry & Topology
(801) Richard Hale Braithwaite
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Italy: from the analysis of national data to an evidence-based vaccination strategy.
Creators: name: Igidbashian, Sarah
name: Bertizzolo, Lorenzo
name: Tognetto, Alessia
name: Azzari, Chiara
name: Bonanni, Paolo
name: Castiglia, Paolo
name: Conversano, Michele
name: Esposito, Susanna
name: Gabutti, Giovanni
name: Icardi, Giancarlo
name: Lopalco, Pier Luigi
name: Vitale, Francesco
name: Parisi, Salvatore
name: Checcucci Lisi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Introduction. Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is one of the most severe vaccine-preventable diseases not yet under control. In Italy, although different anti-meningococcal vaccines are available, their offer among regions is heterogeneous. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of IMD in Italy based on analysis of national surveillance data for 2011–2017 to optimize the vaccination strategy. Methods: IMD surveillance data from the Italian National Health Institute were analysed. Microsoft Excel was used to present trend analysis, stratifying by age and serogroups. Results: In Italy, during the period 2011–2017, the incidence of IMD increased from 0.25 cases/100,000 inhabitants in 2011 to 0.33 cases/100,000 in 2017. Most cases after 2012 were caused by non-B serogroups. The highest number of cases for the whole period occurred in people aged 25–64 years. The number of cases in those aged 25–64 years increased steadily after 2013 (36 cases in 2011, 79 in 2017), mostly due to non-B serogroups, representing more than 65% of cases in those aged 25+ years. Conclusions: In the period from 2011 to 2017, the incidence of IMDs increased in Italy. The increase, although probably due to better surveillance, highlights the high level of circulation of non-B serogroups and the importance of the disease in the adult population. Our analysis supports an anti-meningococcal vaccination plan in Italy that should include the highest number of preventable serogroups and be aimed at vaccinating the whole population through a multicohort strategy.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
ELUCID VII: Using Constrained Hydro Simulations to Explore the Gas Component of the Cosmic Web
Creators: name: Li, Renjie
name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Huang, Shuiyao
name: Katz, Neal
name: Luo, Xiong
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Li, Hao
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Jiang, Ning
name: Zhang, Yuning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using reconstructed initial conditions in the SDSS survey volume, we carry out constrained hydrodynamic simulations in three regions representing different types of the cosmic web: the Coma cluster of galaxies; the SDSS great wall; and a large low-density region at $z\sim 0.05$. These simulations, which include star formation and stellar feedback but no AGN formation and feedback, are used to investigate the properties and evolution of intergalactic and intra-cluster media. About half of the warm-hot intergalactic gas is associated with filaments in the local cosmic web. Gas in the outskirts of massive filaments and halos can be heated significantly by accretion shocks generated by mergers of filaments and halos, respectively, and there is a tight correlation between gas temperature and the strength of the local tidal field. The simulations also predict some discontinuities associated with shock fronts and contact edges, which can be tested using observations of the thermal SZ effect and X-rays. A large fraction of the sky is covered by Ly$α$ and OVI absorption systems, and most of the OVI systems and low-column density HI systems are associated with filaments in the cosmic web. The constrained simulations, which follow the formation and heating history of the observed cosmic web, provide an important avenue to interpret observational data. With full information about the origin and location of the cosmic gas to be observed, such simulations can also be used to develop observational strategies.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, 1 table
O REALISMO MÁGICO NAS OBRAS A CIDADE DE MURILO RUBIÃO E ENTRE IRMÃOS DE J. J. VEIGA
Creators: name: Eduardo Henrique da Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O realismo mágico nas obras A Cidade de Murilo Rubião e Entre Irmãos de J. J. Veiga é abordado como uma fusão entre o cotidiano e o extraordinário, resultando em narrativas que desafiam as normas convencionais e revelam as complexidades da experiência humana. Nessas obras, o fantástico é utilizado como uma ferramenta crítica para questionar as estruturas sociais e, simultaneamente, destacar a vulnerabilidade e a incerteza que permeiam a existência humana. Ao integrar elementos sobrenaturais de forma sutil e natural, os autores criam um ambiente onde a realidade é constantemente desafiada, promovendo uma reflexão mais profunda e crítica sobre o mundo ao nosso redor. Assim, as obras não apenas cativam o leitor com suas histórias envolventes, mas também o incentivam a questionar as verdades estabelecidas e a considerar novas perspectivas sobre a vida e a sociedade.
Long-Range Triplet Supercurrents Induced by Singlet Supercurrents Parallel to Magnetic Interfaces
Creators: name: Alidoust, Mohammad
name: Halterman, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing a spin-parameterized Kleldysh-Usadel technique for the diffusive regime, we demonstrate that even in the low proximity limit, considerable long-ranged triplet supercurrents can be effectively generated by spin-singlet supercurrents flowing \textit{parallel} to the interfaces of uniform double ferromagnet interlayers with noncollinear exchange fields "{\it independent}" of actual junction geometry. The triplet supercurrents are found to be most pronounced when the thicknesses of the ferromagnet strips are unequal. To experimentally verify this generic phenomenon, we propose an accessible and well-controlled structure that can fully isolate the long-range triplet effects.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Paediatric activities and adherence to vaccinations during the COVID-19 epidemic period in Tuscany, Italy: a survey for paediatricians
Creators: name: Bechini, Angela
name: Garamella, Giuseppe
name: Giammarco, Barbara
name: Zanella, Beatrice
name: Flori, Valdo
name: Bonanni, Paolo
name: Boccalini, Sara
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: The COVID-19 global pandemic is having a widespread impact on medical care. A general reduction, in routine vaccination activities, could occur. In Tuscany (Central Italy), paediatricians (in agreement with the regional health service) administer and register paediatric vaccinations of their assisted population. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on paediatric vaccination activities performed by Tuscan paediatricians, as a proxy of the adherence to vaccinations during this epidemic period. Methods: Four hundred members belonging to the Tuscany section of the Italian Federation of Paediatricians (FIMP) were invited to answer to a semi-structured online survey. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, among 223 respondent paediatricians, almost all (98.2%) reported a general decline in outpatient paediatric visits; 65.8% of them reported more than 60% reduction (144 answers) compared to the situation before the COVID-19 pandemic. Among all paediatricians, 93.3% (208) guaranteed vaccination activities in the considered period: 66/208 paediatricians (31.7%) reported a reduction in the compliance of parents to mandatory vaccination (hexavalent and MMRV vaccines), and 88/208 paediatricians (42.3%) to non-mandatory vaccinations. Almost all paediatricians declared to have taken preventive actions to counter the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Discussion and conclusions: Although the majority of Tuscan paediatricians guaranteed vaccination practice during the lockdown, some parents decided to postpone the scheduled vaccinations for their children, mainly due to fears concerning the safety of access to health services. When Italian immunization coverage data of the first months of 2020 will be available, it will be possible to definitely assess the real impact of COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric vaccination. It is crucial to continue vaccinating against preventable infectious diseases in order to avoid other possible epidemics. The pandemic must not be seen as an obstacle to compliance to the vaccination schedule, but rather an excellent opportunity to underline the importance of all recommended vaccinations.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
title: SoK: Still Plenty of Phish in the Sea - A Taxonomy of User-Oriented Phishing Interventions and Avenues for Future Research
Creators: name: Franz, Anjuli
name: Zimmermann, Verena
name: Albrecht, Gregor
name: Hartwig, Katrin
name: Reuter, Christian
name: Benlian, Alexander
name: Vogt, Joachim
Publisher: name: USENIX Association
Year: 2023

description: Phishing is a prevalent cyber threat, targeting individuals and organizations alike. Previous approaches on anti-phishing measures have started to recognize the role of the user, who, at the center of the target, builds the last line of defense. However, user-oriented phishing interventions are fragmented across a diverse research landscape, which has not been systematized to date. This makes it challenging to gain an overview of the various approaches taken by prior works. In this paper, we present a taxonomy of phishing interventions based on a systematic literature analysis. We shed light on the diversity of existing approaches by analyzing them with respect to the intervention type, the addressed phishing attack vector, the time at which the intervention takes place, and the required user interaction. Furthermore, we highlight shortcomings and challenges emerging from both our literature sample and prior meta-analyses, and discuss them in the light of current movements in the field of usable security. With this article, we hope to provide useful directions for future works on phishing interventions.
Kinematic Analysis of the Collision Avoidance Behavior of Cliff Swallows
Creators: name: Taylor, Ian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: One interesting aspect of animal behavior is that each individual organism responds to stimuli independently of other organisms, barring the extensive pheromone communication of social insects. The behavior of conspecifics provides a significant source of stimuli that merit reaction, considering that, by definition, they utilize the same resources. In the case of American Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), one of these resources is mud, which is used for nesting material. Despite requiring the same resources, these birds live in large colonies and must constantly respond to each other’s’ behavior, particularly when they fly quickly, in large groups, to collect mud from the same site. Furthermore, social situations between conspecifics might merit distinct types of behavior depending on the type of group activity. We sought to determine how Cliff Swallows avoid crashing into each other during high velocity low altitude group flight. We used a MATLAB-based software package to track individual members of a swallow colony as they approached a mud patch, using 3 different video angles to determine their 3D position during flight. Using this position data, we calculated their relative position, velocity and acceleration. Notable variables we observed were the mean and minimum bird to bird distances of each significant bird, changes in their closing and departing speeds and angles, and the ratio of their closing speed to average flight speed. We found that the birds do actively engage in collision avoidance behavior. However, we also found that Cliff Swallows approach each other much more closely during this mud-gathering behavior than has been observed in flocks of other similar-size birds. We also found that nest gathering interactions are distinct from other Cliff Swallow behaviors, such as tandem flights. This research can provide a deeper understanding of how individual animals respond to stimuli and avoid collisions, potentially inspiring crash avoidance algorithms in self-driving vehicles.
Supplementary methodological information from Everything is not everywhere: marine compartments shape phytoplankton assemblages.
Creators: name: Spatharis, Sofie
name: Lamprinou, Vasiliki
name: Meziti, Alexandra
name: Kormas, Konstantinos A.
name: Danielidis, Daniel D.
name: Smeti, Evangelia
name: Roelke, Daniel L.
name: Mancy, Rebecca
name: Tsirtsis, George
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details on the species identification methodology and on the between-site connectivity
The Atari Disk, a Metal-Poor Stellar Population in the Disk System of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Mardini, Mohammad K.
name: Frebel, Anna
name: Chiti, Anirudh
name: Meiron, Yohai
name: Brauer, Kaley V.
name: Ou, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a chemo-dynamical approach to assign 36,010 metal-poor SkyMapper stars to various Galactic stellar populations. Using two independent techniques (velocity and action space behavior), $Gaia$ EDR3 astrometry, and photometric metallicities, we selected stars with the characteristics of the "metal-weak" thick disk population by minimizing contamination by the canonical thick disk or other Galactic structures. This sample comprises 7,127 stars, spans a metallicity range of $-3.50<${\metal}~$<-0.8$, and has a systematic rotational velocity of $\langle V_ϕ\rangle=154$\,km\,s$^{-1}$ that lags that of the thick disk. Orbital eccentricities have intermediate values between typical thick disk and halo values. The scale length is $h_{R}=2.48^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$\,kpc and the scale height is $h_{Z}=1.68^{+0.19}_{-0.15}$\,kpc. The metallicity distribution function is well fit by an exponential with a slope of $Δ\log{\rm N}/Δ\metal=1.13\pm0.06$. Overall, we find a significant metal-poor component consisting of 261 SkyMapper stars with \metal$<-2.0$. While our sample contains only eleven stars with {\metal}~$\lesssim-3.0$, investigating the JINAbase compilation of metal-poor stars reveals another 18 such stars (five have {\metal}$<-4.0$) that kinematically belong to our sample. These distinct spatial, kinematic and chemical characteristics strongly suggest this metal-poor, phase-mixed kinematic sample to represent an independent disk component with an accretion origin in which a massive dwarf galaxy radially plunged into the early Galactic disk. Going forward, we propose to call the metal-weak thick disk population as the Atari disk, given its likely accretion origin, and in reference to it sharing space with the Galactic thin and thick disks.
Understanding the NPM dependencies ecosystem of a software project - Replication Package
Creators: name: Moreno-Lumbreras, David
name: Gonzalez-Barahona, Jesus M.
name: Lanza, Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: virtual reality
elevated city
dependencies
software visualization
ecosystem
npm

description: The files attached contain the replication package for the experiments presented in the article "Understanding the NPM dependencies ecosystem of a software project". Please, unzip the zip file and follow the README.md file
Understanding the NPM Dependencies Ecosystem of a Project Using Virtual Reality - Replication Package
Creators: name: Moreno-Lumbreras, David
name: Gonzalez-Barahona, Jesus M.
name: Lanza, Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: virtual reality
elevated city
dependencies
software visualization
ecosystem
npm

description: The files attached contain the replication package for the experiments presented in the article "Understanding the NPM Dependencies Ecosystem of a Project Using Virtual Reality". Please, unzip the zip file and follow the README.md file
(797) Thomas Townsend Dibb
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Square wave generation in vertical external-cavity Kerr-Gires-Tournois interferometers
Creators: name: Koch, Elias R.
name: Seidel, Thomas G.
name: Gurevich, Svetlana V.
name: Javaloyes, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the mechanisms of square-wave (SW) formation in vertical external-cavity Kerr-Gires-Tournois interferometers in presence of anti-resonant injection. We provide simple analytical approximations for their plateau intensities and for the conditions of their emergence. We demonstrate that SWs may appear via a homoclinic snaking scenario, leading to the formation of complex-shaped multistable SW solutions. The resulting SWs can host localized structures and robust bound-states.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to optics letters
Supplementary tables and figures from Everything is not everywhere: marine compartments shape phytoplankton assemblages
Creators: name: Spatharis, Sofie
name: Lamprinou, Vasiliki
name: Meziti, Alexandra
name: Kormas, Konstantinos A.
name: Danielidis, Daniel D.
name: Smeti, Evangelia
name: Roelke, Daniel L.
name: Mancy, Rebecca
name: Tsirtsis, George
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The idea that ‘everything is everywhere, but the environment selects' has been seminal in microbial biogeography, and marine phytoplankton is one of the prototypical groups used to illustrate this. The typical argument has been that phytoplankton is ubiquitous, but that distinct assemblages form under environmental selection. It is well established that phytoplankton assemblages vary considerably between coastal ecosystems. However, the relative roles of compartmentalization of regional seas and site-specific environmental conditions in shaping assemblage structures have not been specifically examined. We collected data from coastal embayments that fall within two different water compartments within the same regional sea and are characterized by highly localized environmental pressures. We used principal coordinates of neighbour matrices (PCNM) and asymmetric eigenvector maps (AEM) models to partition the effects that spatial structures, environmental conditions and their overlap had on the variation in assemblage composition. Our models explained a high percentage of variation in assemblage composition (59–65%) and showed that spatial structure consistent with marine compartmentalization played a more important role than local environmental conditions. At least during the study period, surface currents connecting sites within the two compartments failed to generate sufficient dispersal to offset the impact of differences due to compartmentalization. In other words, our findings suggest that, even for a prototypical cosmopolitan group, everything is not everywhere.
Changing epidemiology of SARS-CoV in the context of COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Probal Basu
name: Bhattacharya, Sajal
name: Poddar, Sandeep
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: SARS-CoV2 is a new form of β‐coronavirus that has been recently discovered and is responsible for COVID 19 pandemic. The earliest infection can be traced back to Wuhan, China. From there it has spread all over the world. It is considered to have a zoonotic origin in bats and has resulted in human to human transmission. SARS-CoV2 is considered to be a strain of SARS-CoV that has a high rate of pathogenicity and transmissibility. It has been documented that the total number of confirmed cases and deaths in Europe is comparatively significant than other parts of the world. Thus, keeping in view the above perspective, an attempt is made in order to find out the epidemiological pattern of COVID 19 pandemic, if any, in different geo-climatological regions of the world in terms of case incidence and mortality. This study is also an endeavor to review and analyze the gradual changes of the genetic makeup of SARS CoV from evolutionary and epidemiological perspectives.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Quantum-machine-learning channel discrimination
Creators: name: Kardashin, Andrey
name: Vlasova, Anna
name: Pervishko, Anastasiia
name: Yudin, Dmitry
name: Biamonte, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the problem of quantum channel discrimination, one distinguishes between a given number of quantum channels, which is done by sending an input state through a channel and measuring the output state. This work studies applications of variational quantum circuits and machine learning techniques for discriminating such channels. In particular, we explore (i) the practical implementation of embedding this task into the framework of variational quantum computing, (ii) training a quantum classifier based on variational quantum circuits, and (iii) applying the quantum kernel estimation technique. For testing these three channel discrimination approaches, we considered a pair of entanglement-breaking channels and the depolarizing channel with two different depolarization factors. For the approach (i), we address solving the quantum channel discrimination problem using widely discussed parallel and sequential strategies. We show the advantage of the latter in terms of better convergence with less quantum resources. Quantum channel discrimination with a variational quantum classifier (ii) allows one to operate even with random and mixed input states and simple variational circuits. The kernel-based classification approach (iii) is also found effective as it allows one to discriminate depolarizing channels associated not with just fixed values of the depolarization factor, but with ranges of it. Additionally, we discovered that a simple modification of one of the commonly used kernels significantly increases the efficiency of this approach. Finally, our numerical findings reveal that the performance of variational methods of channel discrimination depends on the trace of the product of the output states. These findings demonstrate that quantum machine learning can be used to discriminate channels, such as those representing physical noise processes.
description: 18 pages; 14 figures; RevTeX
Topological superconductivity in a multichannel Yu-Shiba-Rusinov chain
Creators: name: Zhang, Junhua
name: Kim, Younghyun
name: Rossi, E.
name: Lutchyn, Roman M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chains of magnetic atoms placed on the surface of an s-wave superconductor with large spin-orbit coupling provide a promising platform for the realization of topological superconducting states characterized by the presence of Majorana zero-energy modes. In this work we study the properties of the one-dimensional chain of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states induced by magnetic impurities using a realistic model for the magnetic atoms that include the presence of multiple scattering channels. These channels are mixed by the spin-orbit coupling and, via the hybridization of the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states at different sites of the chain, result in a multi-band structure for the chain. We obtain the topological phase diagram for such band structure. We identify the parameter regimes for which the different bands lead to a topological phase and show that the inclusion of higher bands can greatly enlarge the phase space for the realization of topological states.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. References added; Updated version with changes
Using Simulation to Evaluate Phylogenetic Inference of Allopolyploids
Creators: name: Samuel Fridell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Polyploidy is a biological condition in which an organism contains more than two copies of each chromosome. Polyploidy is particularly common in plants, but is found throughout eukaryotes. Allopolyploidy results from hybridization between two different species, while autoploidy results from genome duplication without hybridization. Fast and inexpensive computational methods that identify the modes of polyploidy from short-read genomic data would be useful for studies of poorly characterized organisms. Allopolyploids have been distinguished from autopolyploids in the literature using a method of constructing phylogenies of conserved loci from polyploids and closely related species (Barrier, et al., 1999). I set out to explore the limits of this methodology with short-read genomic data. Here, using simulations, I evaluate how the accuracy of this method depends on the phylogenetic branch lengths and the fidelity of haplotype estimation.
Berliner Aufruf
Creators: name: Díaz Velásquez, Martin Ignacio
name: Kreher, Daniela
name: Kleim, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: drug policy
política de drogas
Drogenpolitik
SDGs
Human Rights
Menschenrechte

description: The Berlin Declaration is a call to end the failed War on Drugs. The declaration was created as a response to the widespread human rights abuses caused by current drug policies, particularly in Latin America and Southeast Asia. The declaration is promoted by the Iglesia Evangélica Protestante de El Salvador (IEPES) within the framework of the 500 years of the Protestant Reformation and in view of the United Nations Political Declaration on International Drug Control in 2019. The appeal was introduced in the BerlinHemp Museum during an event on Drug Policy and Human Rights titled “Christians demand: Stop the War on Drugs. An unconventional contribution to Kirchentag (Churches’ Day).” Organizations, institutions, religious leaders, academics, scientists, experts, and activists signed the document to express their commitment to the “reform of the current international model of drug control.” The Berlin Declaration advocates for harm reduction and more scientific research to combat drug trafficking and focuses on the negative consequences of current drug policies. The declaration is open for any organization or institution with a social purpose to support and use as a tool for advocacy. On its presentation day, the Berlin Declaration received support from over 80 organizations from all five continents, including several faith communities. Notable personalities, such as Noam Chomsky and David Nutt, have also signed the document.
Thermal Correction to Entanglement Spectrum for Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Tang, Yin
name: Tang, Qicheng
name: Zhu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the thermal correction to the entanglement spectrum for separating a single interval of two dimensional conformal field theories. Our derivation is a direct extension of the thermal correction to the Rényi entropy. Within a low-temperature expansion by including only the first excited state in the thermal density matrix, we approach analytical results of the thermal correction to the entanglement spectrum at both of the small and large interval limit. We find the temperature correction reduces the large eigenvalues in the entanglement spectrum while increases the small eigenvalues in the entanglement spectrum, leading to an overall crossover changing pattern of the entanglement spectrum. Crucially, at low-temperature limit, the thermal corrections are dominated by the first excited state and depend on its scaling dimension $Δ$ and degeneracy $g$. This opens an avenue to extract universal information of underlying conformal data via the thermal entanglement spectrum. All of these analytical computation is supported from numerical simulations using 1+1 dimensional free fermion. Finally, we extend our calculation to resolve the thermal correction to the symmetry-resolved entanglement spectrum.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Malaria Prevalence and its Sociodemographic Determinants in Febrile Children- a Hospital-based Study in a Developing Community in South-east Nigeria.
Creators: name: Nwaneli, Ezinne Ifenyinwa
name: Egbuonu, Ifeoma
name: Ebenebe, Joy C
name: Osuorah, Chidi Donald
name: Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi
name: Ofiaeli, Ogochukwu Chioma
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Background: Malaria remains one of the major contributors of child mortality in many developing countries in Africa. Identifying its determinants will help prevention and prompt intervention in these settings. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over an eight-month period on 382 children who presented with fever to the children outpatient and emergency units of a tertiary hospital in South-east Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic factors. Blood film microscopy for malaria and parasite density was done on all subjects that tested positive for malaria. Result: The malaria prevalence rate was 16.7%, 26.7%, 29.9% and 46.2% in children <5 years, 5 to < 10 years, 10 to < 15 years and 15-17 years respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that malaria was more prevalent in older children but children under the age of 5 years were more prone to higher parasite density. Also, children of mother with lower educational attainment, children from families of lower socio-economic class and resident in rural settings had higher likelihood of getting malaria infection. Conclusion: Sustained improvement in strategies to prevent malaria infection is still very imperative in children of all ages, especially the under-fives who are prone to severe forms, children of mothers with low educational attainment, from families of low socio-economic class and residents in rural communities.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
title: The notion of undertaking in EU competition law
Creators: name: Araujo Boyd, Marcos
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: EU competition law uses the term ‘undertaking’ to designate the economic operators concerned by its mandates, regardless of their ownership and legal form. The notion seeks to place economic players as such, and not a legal entity, as addressees of competition rules. This dissertation examines the legal consequences of this perspective. A first chapter explores its origin and underlying logic, looking at the theories that, in various areas of law, have challenged the role of the legal entity as sole possessor of rights and duties, such as the lifting of the veil, enterprise theories and single entity doctrines. The second reviews the evolution of the notion of undertaking in the jurisprudence of the CJEU and identifies the tensions and contradictions that this remarkable process has confronted in the way. A third chapter dissects economic entities and seeks to define its boundaries, an exercise that exposes some contradictions. The following chapter looks at the uses that have been made of the ‘entity’ limb of the notion (this is, the idea that many legal persons may be treated as one): theories of parental and subsidiary liability, calculation of fines, exemption from the prohibition in Article 101 TFEU, succession of undertakings, and merger control. Chapter 5 looks at the ‘economic activity’ requirement, which has served to date to carve out an exception to the scope of competition rules for State activities, and discusses the recent declaration in Sumal that ‘conglomerate’ groups of companies pursuing different activities may contain several economic units. Chapter 6 examines the continued relevance of legal entities and the resulting dual enforcement model whereby an economic and a legal entity perspective coexist in the application of competition rules. A last chapter concludes. The discussion is based on a careful examination of the judgments of the CJEU. The result is a detailed description of a historic process where EU competition law is breaking new ground to ensure appropriate accountability of economic players, a process rife with contradictions that attest to the unfinished nature of the task.
(798) Christopher Bolland Dibb
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Risk factors for voice disorders in public school teachers in Cyprus
Creators: name: , Kyriaki
name: Theodorou, Elena
name: Petinou, Kakia
name: Phinikettos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors for self-perceived voice disorders in teachers in Cyprus in order to determine the necessity for a preventative vocal hygiene education program which could improve their work performance. Methods: An online questionnaire was completed by 449 teachers. The questionnaire extracted data regarding risk factors that may contribute to the development of voice disorders, occupational consequences of voice disorders and vocal hygiene education, as well as, a self-perceived severity of a participant’s voice problem. Subjects were split into two groups, teachers with VDI ≤ 7 and teachers with VDI > 7. The chi-squared test was used to explore the differences in responses for each voice risk factor, occupational consequence and vocal hygiene education between the two groups. Results: Teachers in the VDI > 7 group were more likely to frequently experience nasal allergies and respiratory infections, coughing, throat clearing, stress and yelling, have shorter breaks between classes, use loud voice, use their voice to discipline students, teach above students talking, etc. than teachers in the VDI ≤ 7 group. Moreover, teachers in the VDI > 7 group were more likely to limit their ability to perform certain tasks at work and reduce their activities or interactions “3-5 or more days” annually due to voice problems. Conclusions: Health, voice use, lifestyle, and environmental factors may play a part in the development of voice disorders in teachers and have an impact on their job. Therefore, a preventative vocal hygiene education program is suggested.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Proton transfer in histidine-tryptophan heterodimers embedded in helium droplets
Creators: name: Bellina, Bruno
name: Merthe, Daniel J.
name: Kresin, Vitaly V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used cold helium droplets as nano-scale reactors to form and ionize, by electron bombardment and charge transfer, aromatic amino acid heterodimers of histidine with tryptophan, methyl-tryptophan, and indole. The molecular interaction occurring through an N-H...N hydrogen bond leads to a proton transfer from the indole group of tryptophan to the imidazole group of histidine in a radical cationic environment.
(799) Elizabeth Piper
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Figure S1. Alpha-amylase and agarase models.; Figure S2. Growth curves of the sli-fkbp mutant and Sli-FKBP overproducer strains overexpressing amlB and dagA.; Figure S3. Agarase sequence coverage obtained by nano LC-MS/MS Triple TOF analysis.; Figure S4. Predicted models of agarase. from Functional identification of a Streptomyces lividans FKBP-like protein involved in the folding of overproduced secreted proteins.
Creators: name: R. L. Vicente
name: S. Marín
name: J. R. Valverde
name: C. Palomino
name: R. P. Mellado
name: S. Gullón
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: (A) Left: model of mature alpha-amylase with Pro350 residue in cis conformation. Right, model of immature amylase with P350 in trans conformation. The alpha-amylase Pro350 residue has been coloured in red and indicated by a red arrow. The active site is indicated by a green arrow. The cis-isomerisation of the Pro residue favours the enzyme to acquire its active conformation. (B) Left: model of mature agarase with P127 and P183 in cis conformation. Right: model of immature agarase with P127 and P183 in trans conformation. Prolines P127 and P183 are shown in red and indicated by red arrows, the active site has been coloured cyan, and the allosteric site in magenta. The models were produced using I- TASSER (alpha-amylase) or Raptor-X (agarase) and UCSF chimera, and optimized with the Amber force field. ;Time course of the S. lividans TK21(pAMI11) and S.lividans ∆sli-fkbp (pAMI11) (a) S. lividans TK21(pAGAs5) and S.lividans ∆sli-fkbp (pAGAs5) (b) S.lividans TK21(pAMI11) (pFDT) and S.lividans TK21(pAMI11) (pFDTFKBP) (c) S.lividans TK21(pAGAs5) (pFDT) and S.lividans TK21(pAGAs5) (pFDTFKBP) (d).;Band corresponding to the protein with a faster mobility when Sli-FKBP was overproduced respect to the wild type was sliced out of the gel and subject to trypsin digestion and analysed by nano LC-MS/MS Triple Tof. Sequences from the mature agarase in bold were identified in the experiment. Yellow letters indicate catalytic residues. ;Top row, left to right: A, mature agarase with both P127 and P183 in cis conformation. B, agarase with P127 in trans and P183 in cis conformation. C, agarase with both P127 and P183 in trans conformation. All the structures are shown using the same orientation to show the conservation of the active site in the P127trans, P183cis conformation. In the lower row we have superposed agarose bound to the active site (green) and the allosteric processive site (red) to illustrate the suggested disruption of the allosteric site in both trans conformations (B, C) and of the active site in the double trans conformer (C).