cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust approach for variable selection with high dimensional Logitudinal data analysis
Creators: name: Fu, Liya
name: Li, Jiaqi
name: Wang, You-Gan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a new robust smooth-threshold estimating equation to select important variables and automatically estimate parameters for high dimensional longitudinal data. A novel working correlation matrix is proposed to capture correlations within the same subject. The proposed procedure works well when the number of covariates p increases as the number of subjects n increases. The proposed estimates are competitive with the estimates obtained with the true correlation structure, especially when the data are contaminated. Moreover, the proposed method is robust against outliers in the response variables and/or covariates. Furthermore, the oracle properties for robust smooth-threshold estimating equations under "large n, diverging p" are established under some regularity conditions. Extensive simulation studies and a yeast cell cycle data are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, and results show that our proposed method is competitive with existing robust variable selection procedures.
description: 32 pages, 7 tables, 5 figures
Mehrskalige Charakterisierung der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle (SOFC)
Creators: name: Wankmüller, Florian
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle
(SOFC)
/
mehrskalige
Charakterisierung
Elektronenmikroskopie
elektrochemische
Impedanzspektroskopie
solid
oxide
fuel
cell
multi-scale
characterization
electron
microscopy
electrochemical
impedance
spectroscopy

description: Die Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle (SOFC) als Strom- und Wärmeproduzent der Zukunft stellt eine wichtige Schlüsseltechnologie für eine klimafreundliche Energieversorgung dar. Vorrangige Entwicklungsziele sind die Verbesserung der Lebensdauer und die Verringerung der Kosten der SOFC-Komponenten. In dieser Arbeit werden mikrostrukturelle Veränderungen, die während der Zellherstellung und im Betrieb (Alterungsverlauf) auftreten, durch den Einsatz mehrskaliger Untersuchungsmethoden identifiziert.
Asymptotic freedom and higher derivative gauge theories
Creators: name: Asorey, M.
name: Falceto, F.
name: Rachwal, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultraviolet completion of gauge theories by higher derivative terms can dramatically change their behavior at high energies. The requirement of asymptotic freedom imposes very stringent constraints that are only satisfied by a small family of higher derivative theories. If the number of derivatives is large enough ($n > 4$) the theory is strongly interacting both at extreme infrared and ultraviolet regimes whereas it remains asymptotically free for a low number of extra derivatives ($n \leqslant 4$). In all cases the theory improves its ultraviolet behavior leading in some cases to ultraviolet finite theories with vanishing $β$-function. The usual consistency problems associated to the presence of extra ghosts in higher derivative theories may not harm asymptotically free theories because in that case the effective masses of such ghosts are running to infinity in the ultraviolet limit.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Matches published version
FEATURES OF THE EMERGENCE OF DEVIANT TYPES OF BEHAVIOR
Creators: name: Ganieva, Halimakhan
name: Khidirov, Shukrillo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article provides theoretical information on the types of deviant behavior and the stages of its occurrence. The fact that there is a deviation in the behavior of young people and the change in the direction of the behavior in exceptional cases has been practically studied.
Kilianicaris Van Straelen 1923
Creators: name: Laville, Thomas
name: Forel, Marie-Béatrice
name: Charbonnier, Sylvain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Kilianicaris

description: Genus Kilianicaris Van Straelen, 1923
Type species
Kilianicaris lerichei Van Straelen, 1923 by monotypy.
Original diagnosis (literal translation from Van Straelen 1923a)
The overall shape is more angular, sub-quadratic in the posterior region and with a large rostrum expressed anteriorly. Tergal carina rises, especially in the rostral region. Lateral carinas are quite low. The rostrum is proportionally wider than long. The spiny posterior process is poorly delineated. Likewise for the postero-lateral processes that are slightly expressed.
Emended diagnosis
Thylacocephala with a rounded shield in lateral view, a rounded rostrum, a convex posterior part of the ventral margin, a falciform, tuberculate, dorso-lateral carina, eleven styliform, posterior trunk appendages, including elongate terminal trunk appendages.
Remarks
Schram (2014) suggested that Kilianicaris might be related to Ostenocaris Arduini, Pinna & Teruzzi, 1984, forming the Ostenocarididae Schram, 2014. He proposed that both taxa “have fused the posteriormost 8 trunk somites of the series of 16 into a posteriorly directed lobe”. This lobe corresponds to the putative telson that we describe in most of La Voulte-sur-Rhône taxa (see below) and is therefore not only present in Kilianicaris and Ostenocaris. In addition to this misconception, many morphological differences exist between both taxa. As pointed out by Schram (2014), Ostenocaris lacks a rostrum while Kilianicaris has a rounded rostrum. Moreover, they present differences in the overall shape of the shield (trapezoidal for Ostenocaris vs rounded for Kilianicaris), in the morphology of their anterior margin (proverse vs straight), in the ornamentation of their dorsal margin (serrate and carinate in Kilianicaris), in the morphology of their dorso-lateral carina and in the number of posterior trunk appendages (9 vs 11).
description: Published as part of Laville, Thomas, Forel, Marie-Béatrice & Charbonnier, Sylvain, 2023, Re-appraisal of thylacocephalans (Euarthropoda, Thylacocephala) from the Jurassic La Voulte-sur-Rhône Lagerstätte, pp. 1-61 in European Journal of Taxonomy 898 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.898.2295, http://zenodo.org/record/8413500
Heidland, Hans-Wolfgang; Hollenweger, Walter J.; Mühlen, Heribert; Von Schönborn, Christoph: Die charismatische Erneuerung und die Kirchen
Creators: name: Boeckler, Richard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 26 Nr. 3 (1977): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 26, Heft 3
Expression and characterization of a recombinant human factor x/protein c chimeric protein
Creators: name: Stenberg, Leisa M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A fusion cDNA encoding the light chain domains and activation peptide of human factor X (fX; a procoagulant) and the serine protease domain of human protein C (PC; an anticoagulant) was constructed on the premise that the recombinant chimeric protein (fX/PC) would function as an anticoagulant: it was hypothesized that the protein would be targeted to the Tenase complex by the light chain of fX and there exhibit the proteolytic function of activated PC (APC). The fusion cDNA was expressed in BHK and HEK 293A cell lines and fX/PC was purified to homogeneity from conditioned medium by a two-step method employing an immunoaffinity resin and hydroxyapatite chromatography. Structural and functional analyses of the purified protein revealed that BHK cells were not efficient in performing the posttranslational modifications necessary to generate an active fX/PC protein. Incomplete removal of both the propeptide (concomitant with hydrolysis at alternate sites nearby) and internal tribasic peptide, spurious cleavages, and inefficient 7-glutamyl carboxylation were observed. These problems were overcome by a combination of site-directed mutagenesis to improve the —2 propeptide cleavage site (by replacing Thr with Arg), the use of a HEK 293A cell line for expression, and minor modification of the purification protocol. In this way, homogeneous and properly post-translationally modified preparations were obtained. The chimeric zymogen, fX(T⁻²R)/PC, could be activated by both RVV-X and Protac to an amidolytically active serine protease, although the extent and rate of activation by both activators was lower than for PC. The Km of Protac-activated fX(T⁻²R)/PC for the substrate Spectrozyme PCa (0.14 mM) was comparable to that of APC. The zymogen form of fX(T⁻²R)/PC had no effect on clotting time in APTT assays, whereas the Protac-activated enzyme extended the clotting time in a dose-dependent manner. However, compared with APC, the anticoagulant activity of the chimeric protein was much reduced, suggesting that it may have functioned merely as a competitor for the binding site of either fX within the Tenase complex or activated fX within the Prothrombinase complex. Thus, it can be concluded that, despite substitution of the light chain and activation peptide of PC with those of fX, the fX(T⁻²R)/PC chimeric protein retained some essential features of PC but did not function as hypothesized.
Optical absorption and activated transport in polaronic systems
Creators: name: Schubert, G.
name: Wellein, G.
name: Weiße, A.
name: Alvermann, A.
name: Fehske, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact results for the optical response in the one-dimensional Holstein model. In particular, by means of a refined kernel polynomial method, we calculate the ac and dc electrical conductivities at finite temperatures for a wide parameter range of electron phonon interaction. We analyze the deviations from the results of standard small polaron theory in the intermediate coupling regime and discuss non-adiabaticity effects in detail.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
No Inner-Horizon Theorem for Black Holes with Charged Scalar Hairs
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Li, Li
name: Yang, Run-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a no inner-horizon theorem for black holes with charged scalar hairs. Considering a general gravitational theory with a charged scalar field, we prove that there exists no inner Cauchy horizon for both spherical and planar black holes with non-trivial scalar hair. The hairy black holes approach to a spacelike singularity at late interior time. This result is independent of the form of scalar potentials as well as the asymptotic boundary of spacetimes. We prove that the geometry near the singularity takes a universal Kasner form when the kinetic term of the scalar hair dominates, while novel behaviors different from the Kasner form are uncovered when the scalar potential become important to the background. For the hyperbolic horizon case, we show that hairy black hole can only has at most one inner horizon, and a concrete example with an inner horizon is presented. All these features are also valid for the Einstein gravity coupled with neutral scalars.
description: v4: typos fixed, published version
Classical Strongly Coupled QGP I: The Model and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Gelman, Boris A.
name: Shuryak, Edward V.
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the description of strongly interacting quarks and gluon quasiparticles at $T=(1-3)T_c$, as a classical and nonrelativistic colored Coulomb gas. The sign and strength of the inter-particle interactions are fixed by the scalar product of their classical {\it color vectors} subject to Wong's equations. The model displays a number of phases as the Coulomb coupling is increased ranging from a gas, to a liquid, to a crystal with antiferromagnetic-like color ordering. We analyze the model using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and discuss the density-density correlator in real time. We extract pertinent decorrelation times, diffusion and viscosity constants for all phases. The classical results when extrapolated to the sQGP suggest that the phase is liquid-like, with a diffusion constant $D\approx 0.1/T$ and a bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio $η/s\approx 1/3$.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
Ergodic and non-ergodic many-body dynamics in strongly nonlinear lattices
Creators: name: Hahn, Dominik
name: Urbina, Juan-Diego
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Dubertrand, Remy
name: Sondhi, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of non-linear oscillator chains in classical many-body dynamics has a storied history going back to the seminal work of Fermi, Pasta, Ulam and Tsingou (FPUT). We introduce a new family of such systems which consist of chains of $N$ harmonically coupled particles with the non-linearity introduced by confining the motion of each individual particle to a box/stadium with hard walls. The stadia are arranged on a one dimensional lattice but they individually do not have to be one dimensional thus permitting the introduction of chaos already at the lattice scale. For the most part we study the case where the motion is entirely one dimensional. We find that the system exhibits a mixed phase space for any finite value of $N$. Computations of Lyapunov spectra at randomly picked phase space locations and a direct comparison between Hamiltonian evolution and phase space averages indicate that the regular regions of phase space are not significant at large system sizes. While the continuum limit of our model is itself a singular limit of the integrable sinh-Gordon theory, we do not see any evidence for the kind of non-ergodicity famously seen in the FPUT work. Finally, we examine the chain with particles confined to two dimensional stadia where the individual stadium is already chaotic, and find a much more chaotic phase space at small system sizes.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Large cross-polarized Raman signal in CrI$_3$: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Lei, Ming
name: Coh, Sinisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find unusually large cross-polarized (and anti-symmetric) Raman signature of A$_{\rm g}$ phonon mode in CrI$_3$, in agreement with experiments. The signal is present only when the following three effects are considered in concert: ferromagnetism on Cr atoms, spin-orbit interaction, and resonant effects. Somewhat surprisingly, we find that the relevant spin-orbit interaction potential originates from iodine atoms, despite magnetism being mostly on chromium atoms. We analyze the Raman signature as a function of magnetic order, the direction of the magnetic moment, energy and polarization of light used for Raman scattering, as well as carrier lifetime. In addition to a strong cross-polarized Raman signal, we also find unusually strong phonon modulated magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) in CrI$_3$.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Magnetized Neutron Star Mergers and Gravitational Wave Signals
Creators: name: Anderson, Matthew
name: Hirschmann, Eric W.
name: Lehner, Luis
name: Liebling, Steven L.
name: Motl, Patrick M.
name: Neilsen, David
name: Palenzuela, Carlos
name: Tohline, Joel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of magnetic fields upon the dynamics of and resulting gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger in full general relativity coupled to ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We consider two merger scenarios, one where the stars begin with initially aligned poloidal magnetic fields and one with no magnetic field. Both mergers result in a strongly differentially rotating object. In comparison to the non-magnetized scenario, the aligned magnetic fields delay the final merger of the two stars. During and after merger we observe phenomena driven by the magnetic field, including Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in shear layers, winding of the field lines, and transition from poloidal to toroidal fields. These effects not only produce electromagnetic radiation, but also can have a strong influence on the gravitational waves. Thus, there are promising prospects for studying such systems with both types of waves.
description: Replaced with accepted PRL version. (Figures have been reduced in quality)
title: Narracja i antynarracja w architekturze współczesnej
Creators: name: Szpakowska-Loranc, Ernestyna
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz, 15, 351-362
Point Spread Function Estimation for Wide Field Small Aperture Telescopes with Deep Neural Networks and Calibration Data
Creators: name: Jia, Peng
name: Wu, Xuebo
name: Li, Zhengyang
name: Li, Bo
name: Wang, Weihua
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Popowicz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The point spread function (PSF) reflects states of a telescope and plays an important role in development of data processing methods, such as PSF based astrometry, photometry and image restoration. However, for wide field small aperture telescopes (WFSATs), estimating PSF in any position of the whole field of view is hard, because aberrations induced by the optical system are quite complex and the signal to noise ratio of star images is often too low for PSF estimation. In this paper, we further develop our deep neural network (DNN) based PSF modelling method and show its applications in PSF estimation. During the telescope alignment and testing stage, our method collects system calibration data through modification of optical elements within engineering tolerances (tilting and decentering). Then we use these data to train a DNN (Tel--Net). After training, the Tel--Net can estimate PSF in any field of view from several discretely sampled star images. We use both simulated and experimental data to test performance of our method. The results show that the Tel--Net can successfully reconstruct PSFs of WFSATs of any states and in any positions of the FoV. Its results are significantly more precise than results obtained by the compared classic method - Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) interpolation. Our method provides foundations for developing of deep neural network based data processing methods for WFSATs, which require strong prior information of PSFs.
description: Accepted by the MNRAS
Leptogenesis as the origin of matter
Creators: name: Buchmuller, W.
name: Peccei, R. D.
name: Yanagida, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore in some detail the hypothesis that the generation of a primordial lepton-antilepton asymmetry (Leptogenesis) early on in the history of the Universe is the root cause for the origin of matter. After explaining the theoretical conditions for producing a matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe we detail how, through sphaleron processes, it is possible to transmute a lepton asymmetry -- or, more precisely, a (B-L)-asymmetry -- into a baryon asymmetry. Because Leptogenesis depends in detail on properties of the neutrino spectrum, we review briefly existing experimental information on neutrinos as well as the seesaw mechanism, which offers a theoretical understanding of why neutrinos are so light. The bulk of the review is devoted to a discussion of thermal Leptogenesis and we show that for the neutrino spectrum suggested by oscillation experiments one obtains the observed value for the baryon to photon density ratio in the Universe, independently of any initial boundary conditions. In the latter part of the review we consider how well Leptogenesis fits with particle physics models of dark matter. Although axionic dark matter and Leptogenesis can be very naturally linked, there is a potential clash between Leptogenesis and models of supersymmetric dark matter because the high temperature needed for Leptogenesis leads to an overproduction of gravitinos, which alter the standard predictions of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. This problem can be resolved, but it constrains the supersymmetric spectrum at low energies and the nature of the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Finally, as an illustration of possible other options for the origin of matter, we discuss the possibility that Leptogenesis may occur as a result of non-thermal processes.
description: 53 pages, minor corrections, one figure and references added, matches published version
Two-colorable graph states with maximal Schmidt measure
Creators: name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schmidt measure was introduced by Eisert and Briegel for quantifying the degree of entanglement of multipartite quantum systems [Phys. Rev. A 64, 022306 (2001)]. Although generally intractable, it turns out that there is a bound on the Schmidt measure for two-colorable graph states [Phys. Rev. A 69, 062311 (2004)]. For these states, the Schmidt measure is in fact directly related to the number of nonzero eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of the associated graph. We remark that almost all two-colorable graph states have maximal Schmidt measure and we construct specific examples. These involve perfect trees, line graphs of trees, cographs, graphs from anti-Hadamard matrices, and unyciclic graphs. We consider some graph transformations, with the idea of transforming a two-colorable graph state with maximal Schmidt measure into another one with the same property. In particular, we consider a transformation introduced by Francois Jaeger, line graphs, and switching. By making appeal to a result of Ehrenfeucht et al. [Discrete Math. 278 (2004)], we point out that local complementation and switching form a transitive group acting on the set of all graph states of a given dimension.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Flavor changing top decays to charm and Higgs with $ττ$ at the LHC
Creators: name: Gutierrez, Phillip
name: Jain, Rishabh
name: Kao, Chung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospects of discovering the top quark decay into a charm quark and a Higgs boson ($t \to c h^0$) in top quark pair production at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A general two Higgs doublet model is adopted to study flavor changing neutral Higgs (FCNH) interactions. We perform a parton level analysis as well as Monte Carlo simulations using \textsc{Pythia}~8 and \textsc{Delphes} to study the flavor changing top quark decay $t \to c h^0$, followed by the Higgs decaying into $τ^+ τ^-$, with the other top quark decaying to a bottom quark ($b$) and two light jets ($t\to bW\to bjj$). To reduce the physics background to the Higgs signal, only the leptonic decays of tau leptons are used, $τ^+τ^- \to e^\pmμ^\mp +\slashed{E}_T$, where $\slashed{E}_T$ represents the missing transverse energy from the neutrinos. In order to reconstruct the Higgs boson and top quark masses as well as to effectively remove the physics background, the collinear approximation for the highly boosted tau decays is employed. Our analysis suggests that a high energy LHC at $\sqrt{s} = 27$ TeV will be able to discover this FCNH signal with an integrated luminosity $\mathcal{L} = 3$ ab$^{-1}$ for a branching fraction ${\cal B}(t \to ch^0) \agt 1.4 \times 10^{-4}$ that corresponds to a FCNH coupling $|λ_{tch}| \agt 0.023$. This FCNH coupling is significantly below the current ATLAS combined upper limit of $|λ_{tch}| = 0.064$.
description: REVTEX, 18 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Correlation Induced Inhomogeneity in Circular Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Ghosal, Amit
name: Guclu, A. D.
name: Umrigar, C. J.
name: Ullmo, Denis
name: Baranger, Harold U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the "electron gas" - in which conduction electrons interact by means of Coulomb forces but ionic potentials are neglected - change dramatically depending on the balance between kinetic energy and Coulomb repulsion. The limits are well understood. For very weak interactions (high density), the system behaves as a Fermi liquid, with delocalized electrons. In contrast, in the strongly interacting limit (low density), the electrons localize and order into a Wigner crystal phase. The physics at intermediate densities, however, remains a subject of fundamental research. Here, we study the intermediate-density electron gas confined to a circular disc, where the degree of confinement can be tuned to control the density. Using accurate quantum Monte Carlo techniques, we show that the electron-electron correlation induced by an increase of the interaction first smoothly causes rings, and then angular modulation, without any signature of a sharp transition in this density range. This suggests that inhomogeneities in a confined system, which exist even without interactions, are significantly enhanced by correlations.
description: final version, modified introduction and clarifications, 4 pages
Domain Wall Motion in Magnetic Nanostrips
Creators: name: Alejos, Oscar
name: Raposo, Víctor
name: Martínez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain walls are the transition regions between two magnetic domains. These objects have been very relevant during the last decade, not only due to their intrinsic interest in the development of novel spintronics devices but also because of their fundamental interest. The study of domain wall has been linked to the research on novel spin-orbit coupling phenomena such as the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and the spin Hall effect amount others. Domain walls can be nucleated in ferromagnetic nanostrips and can be driven by conventional magnetic fields and spin currents due to the injection of electrical pulses, which make them very promising for technological applications of recording and logic devices. In this review, based on full micromagnetic simulations supported by extended one-dimensional models, we describe the static and dynamic properties of domain walls in thin ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic wires with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The present chapter aims to provide a fundamental theoretical description of the fundaments of domain walls, and the numerical tools and models which allow describing the DW dynamics in previous and future experimental setups.
description: Updated and corrected Fig 29 indicates that adjacent DWs in HM/FiM at T=TA are efficiently driven by preserving their relative distance even when passing along curved parts. This also replaces Fig. 8 in "Current-driven domain wall dynamics in ferrimagnets: Micromagnetic approach and collective coordinates model". E Martinez at al. JMMM 491 (2019)
The Low Mass X-ray Binary - Globular Cluster Link and its Implications
Creators: name: Kundu, Arunav
name: Zepf, Stephen E.
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of nearby elliptical and S0 galaxies reveal that roughly half of the low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), which are luminous tracers of accreting neutron star or black hole systems, are in clusters. There is a surprising tendency of LMXBs to be preferentially associated with metal-rich globular clusters (GCs), with metal-rich GCs hosting three times as many LMXBs as metal-poor ones. There is no convincing evidence of a correlation with GC age so far. In some galaxies the LMXB formation rate varies with GC color even within the metal-rich peak of the typical bimodal cluster metallicity distribution. This provides some of the strongest evidence to date that there are metallicity variations within the metal-rich GC peak, as is expected in hierarchical galaxy formation scenarios. We also note that apparent correlations between the interaction rates in GCs and LMXB frequency may not be reliable because of the uncertainties in some GC parameters. We argue in fact that there are considerable uncertainties in the integrated properties of even the Milky Way clusters that are often overlooked.
description: To be be published in the proceedings of, "A Population Explosion: The Nature and Evolution of X-ray Binaries in Diverse Environments", eds. Bandyopadhyay et al
Loan products to manage liquidity stress when broad-based black empowerment enterprises invest in productive assets
Creators: name: Finnemore, G.R.L.
name: Darroch, Mark A.G.
name: Lyne, Michael C.
name: Finnemore, G.R.L.
name: Darroch, Mark A.G.
name: Lyne, Michael C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Investments in productive assets by broad-based black economic empowerment (BEE) enterprises in South Africa (SA) during the 1990s have been constrained, in part, by a lack of access to capital. Even if capital can be sourced, BEE businesses often face a liquidity problem, as conventional, equally amortized loan repayment plans do not take into account the size and timing of investment returns, or there are lags in the adjustment of management to such new investments. This paper describes five alternative loan products to the conventional equally amortized loan: the single payment non-amortized loan; the decreasing payment loan; the partial payment loan; the graduated payment loan; and the deferred payment loan. Recent SA experience with the graduated payment loan and the deferred payment loan suggests that there is scope to alleviate the liquidity problem if a wholesaler of funds can offer such terms to private banks and venture capital investors who then on-lend to finance BEE asset investments that are otherwise considered relatively high credit risks. This would shift the liquidity problem away from the client to the wholesaler of the funds, but requires access to capital at favourable interest rates. Such capital could be sourced from empowerment funds earmarked by the private sector, donors and government.
title: Refugee Recognition Regime Country Profile: Egypt
Creators: name: Jones, Martin
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2024

description: This paper explores the refugee recognition regime in Egypt, a major host of refugees in the Middle East and North Africa region and one of UNHCR’s largest refugee status determination operations. Although the situation of refugees in Egypt has been the subject of significant study, this paper seeks to address, through a desk-based study, the nature and performance of the refugee recognition regime in Egypt, in particular the norms, institutions, modes of recognition, quality of recognition processes and quality of protection that is available to refugees in Egypt. The main findings are detailed in this executive summary.
PHOENIX model chromospheres of mid- to late-type M dwarfs
Creators: name: Fuhrmeister, B.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present semi-empirical model chromospheres computed with the atmosphere code PHOENIX. The models are designed to fit the observed spectra of five mid- to late-type M dwarfs. Next to hydrogen lines from the Balmer series we used various metal lines, e. g. from Fe {\sc i}, for the comparison between data and models. Our computations show that an NLTE treatment of C, N, O impacts on the hydrogen line formation, while NLTE treatment of less abundant metals such as nickel influences the lines of the considered species itself. For our coolest models we investigated also the influence of dust on the chromospheres and found that dust increases the emission line flux. Moreover we present an (electronically published) emission line list for the spectral range of 3100 to 3900 and 4700 to 6800 Åfor a set of 21 M dwarfs and brown dwarfs. The line list includes the detection of the Na {\sc i} D lines in emission for a L3 dwarf.
description: 14 pages, 18 figures
The demand for meat in South Africa: An almost ideal estimation
Creators: name: Taljaard, Pieter R.
name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
name: Taljaard, Pieter R.
name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A Linear Approximated Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS), estimated in first differences, was used to anticipate the demand relations for meat (beef, chicken, pork and mutton) in South Africa from 1970 - 2000. Two tests for weak separability, including an F and Likelihood ratio version, failed to reject the null hypothesis of weak separability, confirming that the four meat products are separable, and should be modelled together. According to the Hausman exogeneity test, the expenditure term in the South African meat demand model is exogenous. As a result, a Restricted Seemingly Unrelated Regression (RSUR) was used to estimate the model, whereafter the parameters were used as to calculate compensated, uncompensated and expenditure elasticities.
Learning crystal field parameters using convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Berthusen, Noah F.
name: Sizyuk, Yuriy
name: Scheurer, Mathias S.
name: Orth, Peter P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep machine learning algorithm to extract crystal field (CF) Stevens parameters from thermodynamic data of rare-earth magnetic materials. The algorithm employs a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN) that is trained on magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat data that is calculated theoretically within the single-ion approximation and further processed using a standard wavelet transformation. We apply the method to crystal fields of cubic, hexagonal and tetragonal symmetry and for both integer and half-integer total angular momentum values $J$ of the ground state multiplet. We evaluate its performance on both theoretically generated synthetic and previously published experimental data on CeAgSb$_2$, PrAgSb$_2$ and PrMg$_2$Cu$_9$, and find that it can reliably and accurately extract the CF parameters for all site symmetries and values of $J$ considered. This demonstrates that CNNs provide an unbiased approach to extracting CF parameters that avoids tedious multi-parameter fitting procedures.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Visual Relationship Detection with Visual-Linguistic Knowledge from Multimodal Representations
Creators: name: Chiou, Meng-Jiun
name: Zimmermann, Roger
name: Feng, Jiashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual relationship detection aims to reason over relationships among salient objects in images, which has drawn increasing attention over the past few years. Inspired by human reasoning mechanisms, it is believed that external visual commonsense knowledge is beneficial for reasoning visual relationships of objects in images, which is however rarely considered in existing methods. In this paper, we propose a novel approach named Relational Visual-Linguistic Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (RVL-BERT), which performs relational reasoning with both visual and language commonsense knowledge learned via self-supervised pre-training with multimodal representations. RVL-BERT also uses an effective spatial module and a novel mask attention module to explicitly capture spatial information among the objects. Moreover, our model decouples object detection from visual relationship recognition by taking in object names directly, enabling it to be used on top of any object detection system. We show through quantitative and qualitative experiments that, with the transferred knowledge and novel modules, RVL-BERT achieves competitive results on two challenging visual relationship detection datasets. The source code is available at https://github.com/coldmanck/RVL-BERT.
description: Published in IEEE Access
Grain-supply response in Ethiopia: An error-correction approach
Creators: name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Oosterhuizen, K.
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
name: Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta
name: Oosterhuizen, K.
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper quantifies the responsiveness of producers of teff, wheat, maize and sorghum to incentives using an error-correction model (ECM). It is found that planned supply of these crops is positively affected by own price, negatively by prices of substitute crops and variously by structural breaks related to policy changes and the occurrence of natural calamities. It has found significant long-run price elasticities for all crop types and insignificant short-run price elasticities for all crops but maize. Higher and significant long-run price elasticities as compared to lower and insignificant short-run price elasticities are attributable to various factors, namely structural constraints, the theory of supply and the conviction that farmers respond when they are certain that price changes are permanent. The paper concludes that farmers do respond to incentive changes. Thus attempts, which directly or indirectly tax agriculture with the belief that the sector is non-responsive to incentives, harm its growth and its contribution to growth in other sectors of the economy.
Measuring the agribusiness decision environment: Constructing an agribusiness confidence index for South Africa
Creators: name: Esterhuizen, Dirk
name: Van Rooyen, C.J.
name: Esterhuizen, Dirk
name: Van Rooyen, C.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: South African agribusinesses are experiencing far reaching changes. Economists have developed indicators, generally known as indexes, to measure relative change in the industry. In this article the methodology to construct a business confidence index for agribusiness in South Africa is discussed. The objective of such an index is to determine the business confidence of agribusinesses as accurately as possible. Some 80 agribusinesses in South Africa are at present participating in the AGRIBUSINESS CONFIDENCE INDEX. For the first quarter of 2002 the index points to a 20% improvement in the business confidence of South African agribusinesses compared to the same period the year before, while in the second quarter the index was up 14% on the previous year. This increase in confidence goes hand in hand with some other positive trends in the agricultural sector of South Africa regarding competitiveness and investment.
Unitarity triangle test of the extra factor of two in particle oscillation phases
Creators: name: Bilenky, Samoil M.
name: Grimus, Walter
name: Schwetz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are claims in the literature that in neutrino oscillations and oscillations of neutral kaons and B-mesons the oscillation phase differs from the standard one by a factor of two. We reconsider the arguments leading to this extra factor and investigate, in particular, the non-relativistic regime. We actually find that the very same arguments lead to an ambiguous phase and that the extra factor of two is a special case. We demonstrate that the unitarity triangle (UT) fit in the Standard Model with three families is a suitable means to discriminate between the standard oscillation phase and the phase with an extra factor of two. If $K_L - K_S$ and $B_{dH} - B_{dL}$ mass differences are extracted from the $K^0 - \bar K^0$ and $B_d^0 - \bar B_d^0$ data, respectively, with the extra factor of two in the oscillation phases, then the UT fit becomes significantly worse in comparison with the standard fit and the extra factor of two is disfavoured by the existing data at the level of more than 3 $σ$.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
More on topological vertex formalism for 5-brane webs with O5-plane
Creators: name: Hayashi, Hirotaka
name: Zhu, Rui-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a concrete form of a vertex function, which we call O-vertex, for the intersection between an O5-plane and a 5-brane in the topological vertex formalism, as an extension of the work of arXiv:1709.01928. Using the O-vertex it is possible to compute the Nekrasov partition functions of 5d theories realized on any 5-brane web diagrams with O5-planes. We apply our proposal to 5-brane webs with an O5-plane and compute the partition functions of pure SO($N$) gauge theories and the pure $G_2$ gauge theory. The obtained results agree with the results known in the literature. We also compute the partition function of the pure SU(3) gauge theory with the Chern-Simons level $9$. At the end we rewrite the O-vertex in a form of a vertex operator.
description: 41+12 pages, minor corrections in v2
The targum (1951:Dec. 4 - 1951:Dec. 20)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1951

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
The Scalar Chemical Potential in Cosmological Collider Physics
Creators: name: Bodas, Arushi
name: Kumar, Soubhik
name: Sundrum, Raman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-analyticity in co-moving momenta within the non-Gaussian bispectrum is a distinctive sign of on-shell particle production during inflation, presenting a unique opportunity for the "direct detection" of particles with masses as large as the inflationary Hubble scale ($H$). However, the strength of such non-analyticity ordinarily drops exponentially by a Boltzmann-like factor as masses exceed $H$. In this paper, we study an exception provided by a dimension-5 derivative coupling of the inflaton to heavy-particle currents, applying it specifically to the case of two real scalars. The operator has a "chemical potential" form, which harnesses the large kinetic energy scale of the inflaton, $\dotϕ_{0}^{1/2} \approx 60H$, to act as an efficient source of scalar particle production. Derivative couplings of inflaton ensure radiative stability of the slow-roll potential, which in turn maintains (approximate) scale-invariance of the inflationary correlations. We show that a signal not suffering Boltzmann suppression can be obtained in the bispectrum with strength $f_{\mathrm{NL}} \sim \mathcal{O}(0.01-10)$ for an extended range of scalar masses, $M \lesssim \dotϕ_{0}^{1/2}$, potentially as high as $10^{15}$ GeV, within the sensitivity of upcoming LSS and more futuristic 21-cm experiments. The mechanism does not invoke any particular fine-tuning of parameters or breakdown of perturbation-theoretic control. The leading contribution appears at tree-level, which makes the calculation analytically tractable and removes the loop-suppression as compared to earlier chemical potential studies of non-zero spins. The steady particle production allows us to infer the effective mass of the heavy particles and the chemical potential from the variation in bispectrum oscillations as a function of co-moving momenta. Our analysis sets the stage for generalization to heavy bosons with non-zero spin.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures, v2: text added for clarification, figs. 2 and 3 changed to better represent the conclusions of our analysis, matches publication in JHEP
A theoretical perspective on agribusiness and ethics in a South African context
Creators: name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: In my presidential address in 2002 I made the point that there is a growing need to make some adaptations to the neo-classical foundations of agricultural economics if we as agricultural economists want to become useful in making a contribution to the empowerment process in agriculture. I expressed the need for much more interaction and engagement with other disciplines in the social sciences if we want to play a significant role in addressing the real challenges facing agriculture in South Africa. Some new values and understanding of the principles of humanity and dignity is urgently needed. The theme of this conference provides an ideal opportunity to take this argument and the case I made for cross-disciplinarity a bit further. Last year I argued that agricultural economists need to utilise the strengths of sociology, anthropology and political analysis in order to be better equipped to tackle the challenge of black empowerment in South African agriculture. This year I will show how we need these disciplines and also philosophy if we want to address ethics in business. The point that was made throughout my earlier paper is that economic theory sacrifices far too much relevance in its pursuit of ever-greater rigour. Given the challenges facing the agricultural sector in Africa, we need to see much stronger efforts to integrate the building of theory in economics with the study of reality.