cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamical symmetry breaking through AI: The dimer self-trapping transition
Creators: name: Tsironis, G. P.
name: Barmparis, G. D.
name: Campbell, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The nonlinear dimer obtained through the nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation has been a workhorse for the discovery the role nonlinearity plays in strongly interacting systems. While the analysis of the stationary states demonstrates the onset of a symmetry broken state for some degree of nonlinearity, the full dynamics maps the system into an effective $ϕ^4$ model. In this latter context, the self-trapping transition is an initial condition dependent transfer of a classical particle over a barrier set by the nonlinear term. This transition has been investigated analytically and mathematically it is expressed through the hyperbolic limit of Jacobian elliptic functions. The aim of the present work is to recapture this transition through the use of methods of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Specifically, we used a physics motivated machine learning model that is shown to be able to capture the original dynamic self-trapping transition and its dependence on initial conditions. Exploitation of this result in the case of the non-degenerate nonlinear dimer gives additional information on the more general dynamics and helps delineate linear from nonlinear localization. This work shows how AI methods may be embedded in physics and provide useful tools for discovery.
Exciton Proliferation and Fate of the Topological Mott Insulator in a Twisted Bilayer Graphene Lattice Model
Creators: name: Lin, Xiyue
name: Chen, Bin-Bin
name: Li, Wei
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Shi, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological Mott insulator (TMI) with spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking and nonzero Chern number has been discovered in a real-space effective model for twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) at 3/4 filling in the strong coupling limit. However, the finite temperature properties of such a TMI state remain illusive. In this work, employing the state-of-the-art thermal tensor network and the perturbative field-theoretical approaches, we obtain the finite-$T$ phase diagram and the dynamical properties of the TBG model. The phase diagram includes the quantum anomalous Hall and charge density wave phases at low $T$, and a Ising transition separating them from the high-$T$ symmetric phases. Due to the proliferation of excitons -- particle-hole bound states -- the transitions take place at a significantly reduced temperature than the mean-field estimation. The exciton phase is accompanied with distinctive experimental signatures in such as charge compressibilities and optical conductivities close to the transition. Our work explains the smearing of the many-electron state topology by proliferating excitons and opens the avenue for controlled many-body investigations on finite-temperature states in the TBG and other quantum moiré systems.
description: 5+15 pages, 4+12 figures
A cost-effective nonlinear extremum-preserving finite volume scheme for highly anisotropic diffusion on Cartesian grids, with application to radiation belt dynamics
Creators: name: Dahmen, Nour
name: Droniou, Jerome
name: Rogier, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a new nonlinear finite volume (FV) scheme for highly anisotropic diffusion equations, that satisfies the discrete minimum-maximum principle. The construction relies on the linearized scheme satisfying less restrictive monotonicity conditions than those of an M-matrix, based on a weakly regular matrix splitting and using the Cartesian structure of the mesh (extension to quadrilateral meshes is also possible). The resulting scheme, obtained by expressing fluxes as nonlinear combinations of linear fluxes, has a larger stencil than other nonlinear positivity preserving or minimum-maximum principle preserving schemes. Its larger "linearized" stencil, closer to the actual complete stencil (that includes unknowns appearing in the convex combination coefficients), enables a faster convergence of the Picard iterations used to compute the solution of the scheme. Steady state dimensionless numerical tests as well as simulations of the highly anisotropic diffusion in electron radiation belts show a second order of convergence of the new scheme and confirm its computational efficiency compared to usual nonlinear FV schemes.
title: A Method of Estimating Global Supply Chain Risk and Predicting the Impacts of Regional Disruptions
Creators: name: Goodman, Samuel
Publisher: name: United States International Trade Commission
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05hsggr76
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: Recent trade disruptions have highlighted multiple weaknesses within the global value chains of
multiple commodities. This paper presents a method of estimating the risks posed to the U.S. economy
by trade disruptions across countries and regions. A mathematical model is proposed based on the
global concentration of suppliers of a given commodity and the relative dependence of the United
States on net imports from each global source. The resulting dataset is one tool researchers and analysts
may use when evaluating the downstream impacts of current events and identifying portions of the
supply chain that would benefit from risk mitigation actions.
A physical model for the broadband energy spectrum of X-ray illuminated accretion discs: fitting the spectral energy distribution of NGC 5548
Creators: name: Dovciak, M.
name: Papadakis, I. E.
name: Kammoun, E. S.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new physical model for the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of X-ray illuminated accretion discs, that takes into account the mutual interaction of the accretion disc and the X-ray corona, including all relativistic effects. We assume a Keplerian, optically thick and geometrically thin accretion disc and an X-ray source in the lamp-post geometry that emits an isotropic power-law spectrum with a high-energy cut-off. We assume that all the energy that would be released by thermal radiation in the standard disc model in its innermost part, is transported to the corona, effectively cooling the disc in this region. We include the disc heating due to thermalisation of the absorbed part of the disc illumination by X-ray corona. The X-ray reflection from the disc is also included. We compute the X-ray luminosity and the low-energy X-ray cut-off through an iterative process, taking full account of the interplay between the X-ray illumination of the disc and the resulting accretion disc spectrum which enters the corona so that the energy balance is preserved. The corona radius is also computed from the conservation of the photon's number during Comptonization. We discuss the model SEDs and their dependence on system parameters. The disc-corona interaction has profound effects - it constrains the X-ray luminosity and changes the shape and normalisation of the UV/optical blue bump. We use the new code to fit the broad-band SED of a typical Seyfert 1 galaxy, NGC 5548. We infer a high black-hole spin, an intermediate system inclination, and an accretion rate below 10% of Eddington. The X-ray luminosity in this source could be supported by 45-70% of the accretion energy dissipated in the disc. The new model, named KYNSED, is publicly available to be used for fitting AGN SEDs inside the XSPEC spectral analysis tool.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
DM-electron scattering in materials: sum rules and heterostructures
Creators: name: Lasenby, Robert
name: Prabhu, Anirudh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, a growing experimental program has begun to search for sub-GeV dark matter through its scattering with electrons. An associated theoretical challenge is to compute the dark matter scattering rate in experimental targets, and to find materials with large scattering rates. In this paper we point out that, if dark matter scatters through a mediator that couples to EM charge, then electromagnetic sum rules place limits on the achievable scattering rates. These limits serve as a useful sanity check for calculations, as well as setting a theoretical target for proposed detection methods. Motivated by this analysis, we explore how conductor-dielectric heterostructures can result in enhanced scattering rates compared to bulk conductors, for dark matter masses $\lesssim$ MeV. These effects could be especially important in computing the scattering rates from thin-film targets, e.g. superconducting detectors such as SNSPDs, TESs or MKIDs, for which the scattering rate could be enhanced by orders of magnitude at low enough dark matter masses, as well as introducing or enhancing directional dependence.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures; v3, approximately matches version published in PRD
Discursos de una donsella: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
A note on inflation in dRGT massive gravity
Creators: name: Afshar, B.
name: Riazi, N.
name: Moradpour, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the dRGT massive gravity successfully explains the late-time cosmic acceleration, it cannot justify inflation. On the other hand, and in the frameworks of General Relativity and modified gravity, the interests and attempts to describe dark energy and inflation by using Lagranginas, which may have pole, have recently been enhanced. Subsequently, we are going to show that this kind of Lagrangian may justify inflation in the framework of dRGT massive gravity. The study is done focusing on the power and exponential potentials, and the results show a plausible consistency with the Planck 2018 data and its combination with BK18 and BAO.
description: Accepted by The European Physical Jouranal C (2022)
Auditory processing disorder: a comparison of traditional testing methods and new technology
Creators: name: Maffetone, Katherine
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2016

description: (Au. D.) -- Towson University, 2017
description: The validity and feasibility of auditory processing disorder (APD) diagnostic testing through a behavioral test battery has been well established. Auditory processing evaluation is known to be lengthy and tedious. Yet, research in the area of new technology such as engaging diagnostic computerized testing is lacking. The purpose of the present study was to conduct a pilot study and case descriptive analysis to examine the use of the Feather Squadron application or app. Ten children with suspected auditory processing disorder (APD), age 8 to 15 years and older, were recruited for an evaluation with traditional tests and on a new diagnostic tablet-based app, Feather Squadron. Four participants were excluded from data analysis due to confounding factors. Using an aggregate data set of six participants, the sensitivity and specificity were both 100 %. McNemar’s tests indicated no significant difference of classification based on testing methods. Due to the small sample size and heterogeneous nature of APD, case studies were prepared to further examine the data.
description: http://library.towson.edu/cdm/ref/collection/etd/id/49665
Dynamic clustering of passive colloids in dense suspensions of motile bacteria
Creators: name: Gokhale, Shreyas
name: Li, Junang
name: Solon, Alexandre
name: Gore, Jeff
name: Fakhri, Nikta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixtures of active and passive particles are predicted to exhibit a variety of nonequilibrium phases. Here we report a dynamic clustering phase in mixtures of colloids and motile bacteria. We show that colloidal clustering results from a balance between bond breaking due to persistent active motion and bond stabilization due to torques that align active particle velocity tangentially to the passive particle surface. Furthermore, dynamic clustering spans a broad regime between diffusivity-based and motility-induced phase separation that subsumes typical bacterial motility parameters.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
Robustness modularity in complex networks
Creators: name: Silva, Filipi N.
name: Albeshri, Aiiad
name: Thayananthan, Vijey
name: Alhalabi, Wadee
name: Fortunato, Santo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A basic question in network community detection is how modular a given network is. This is usually addressed by evaluating the quality of partitions detected in the network. The Girvan-Newman (GN) modularity function is the standard way to make this assessment, but it has a number of drawbacks. Most importantly, it is not clearly interpretable, given that the measure can take relatively large values on partitions of random networks without communities. Here we propose a new measure based on the concept of robustness: modularity is the probability to find trivial partitions when the structure of the network is randomly perturbed. This concept can be implemented for any clustering algorithm capable of telling when a group structure is absent. Tests on artificial and real graphs reveal that robustness modularity can be used to assess and compare the strength of the community structure of different networks. We also introduce two other quality functions: modularity difference, a suitably normalized version of the GN modularity; information modularity, a measure of distance based on information compression. Both measures are strongly correlated with robustness modularity, and are promising options as well.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures. Code to calculated the proposed measures is freely available here: https://github.com/filipinascimento/RModularity
Dark Matter Direct Detection of Classical WIMPs
Creators: name: Cooley, Jodi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the highest priorities in particle physics today is the identification of the constituents of dark matter. This manuscript is a supplement to pedagogical lectures given at the 2021 Les Houches Summer School on Dark Matter. The lectures cover topics related to the direct detection of WIMP dark matter, including the distribution of dark matter, nuclear scattering, backgrounds, planning and designing of experiments and a sampling of planned and ongoing experiments.
description: Submitted to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes, Les Houches Summer School Series
Discursos de una donsella: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool e-Scriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Starfall: A heavy rain of stars in 'turning on' AGN
Creators: name: McKernan, B.
name: Ford, K. E. S.
name: Cantiello, M.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Jermyn, A. S.
name: Leigh, N. W. C.
name: Ryu, T.
name: Stern, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As active galactic nuclei (AGN) `turn on', some stars end up embedded in accretion disks around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) on retrograde orbits. Such stars experience strong headwinds, aerodynamic drag, ablation and orbital evolution on short timescales. Loss of orbital angular momentum in the first $\sim 0.1$~Myr of an AGN leads to a heavy rain of stars (`starfall') into the inner disk and onto the SMBH. A large AGN loss cone ($θ_{\rm AGN,lc}$) can result from binary scatterings in the inner disk and yield tidal disruption events (TDEs). Signatures of starfall include optical/UV flares that rise in luminosity over time, particularly in the inner disk. If the SMBH mass is $M_{\rm SMBH} \ge 10^{8}M_{\odot}$, flares truncate abruptly and the star is swallowed. If $M_{\rm SMBH}<10^{8}M_{\odot}$, and if the infalling orbit lies within $θ_{\rm AGN,lc}$, the flare is followed by a TDE which can be prograde or retrograde relative to the AGN inner disk. Retrograde AGN TDEs are over-luminous and short-lived as in-plane ejecta collide with the inner disk and a lower AGN state follows. Prograde AGN TDEs add angular momentum to inner disk gas and so start off looking like regular TDEs but are followed by an AGN high state. Searches for such flare signatures test models of AGN `turn on', SMBH mass, as well as disk properties and the embedded population.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, MNRAS submitted
Minimal dark energy: key to sterile neutrino and Hubble constant tensions?
Creators: name: Di Valentino, Eleonora
name: Gariazzo, Stefano
name: Giunti, Carlo
name: Mena, Olga
name: Pan, Supriya
name: Yang, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minimal dark energy models, described by the same number of free parameters of the standard cosmological model with cold dark matter plus a cosmological constant to parameterize the dark energy component, constitute very appealing scenarios which may solve long-standing, pending tensions. On the one hand, they alleviate significantly the tension between cosmological observations and the presence of one sterile neutrino motivated by the short-baseline anomalies: we obtain a $95\%$ CL cosmological bound on the mass of a fully thermalized fourth sterile neutrino ($N_{\rm eff}=4$) equal to $m_s<0.65\ (1.3)$~eV within the PEDE (VM) scenarios under consideration. Interestingly, these limits are in agreement with the observations at short-baseline experiments, and the PEDE scenario is favored with respect to the $Λ$CDM case when the full data combination is considered. On the other hand, the Hubble tension is satisfactorily solved in almost all the minimal dark energy schemes explored here. These phenomenological scenarios may therefore shed light on differences arising from near and far universe probes, and also on discrepancies between cosmological and laboratory sterile neutrino searches.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 10 tables. Version accepted for publication in PRD
Exploring nearly degenerate higgsinos using mono-$Z/W$ signal
Creators: name: Carpenter, Linda M.
name: Gilmer, Humberto
name: Kawamura, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new search strategy for higgsinos. Assuming associated production of higgsino-like pairs with a $W$ or $Z$ boson, we search in the missing energy plus hadronically-tagged vector boson channel. We place sensitivity limits for (HL-)LHC searches assuming $\mathcal{O}({1\mathrm{-}3.5}~\mathrm{GeV})$ mass differences between the lightest neutral and charged states. We point out that using the $E_T^\mathrm{miss}$ distribution significantly increases the sensitivity of this search. We find the higgsinos up to 110 (210) GeV can be excluded with $139~(300)~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ data. The full data of the HL-LHC will exclude (discover) the higgsinos up to 520 (280) GeV.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Multi-condition multi-objective optimization using deep reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Kim, Sejin
name: Kim, Innyoung
name: You, Donghyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multi-condition multi-objective optimization method that can find Pareto front over a defined condition space is developed for the first time using deep reinforcement learning. Unlike the conventional methods which perform optimization at a single condition, the present method learns the correlations between conditions and optimal solutions. The exclusive capability of the developed method is examined in the solutions of a novel modified Kursawe benchmark problem and an airfoil shape optimization problem which include nonlinear characteristics which are difficult to resolve using conventional optimization methods. Pareto front with high resolution over a defined condition space is successfully determined in each problem. Compared with multiple operations of a single-condition optimization method for multiple conditions, the present multi-condition optimization method based on deep reinforcement learning shows a greatly accelerated search of Pareto front by reducing the number of required function evaluations. An analysis of aerodynamics performance of airfoils with optimally designed shapes confirms that multi-condition optimization is indispensable to avoid significant degradation of target performance for varying flow conditions.
description: 46 pages, 8 figures, 1 algorithm
title: Ανάπτυξη ολοκληρωμένου συστήματος ελέγχου ροής με διατάξεις μικροελεγκτών
title: Development of an integrated flow control system utilizing microcontrollers
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βούλγαρης, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ροή
Ελεγκτές ροής μάζας
Ενσωματωμένα συστήματα
Μικροελεγκτές

description: Στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη, ο σχεδιασμός και η ανάπτυξη ενός ολοκληρωμένου συστήματος ελέγχου ροής μάζας με διατάξεις μικροελεγκτών. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, το σύστημα που υλοποιήθηκε δέχεται τιμή εισόδου από το χρήστη και εκτελώντας τις ανάλογες παραμετροποιήσεις επιφέρει στη διάταξη τα επιθυμητά επίπεδα ροής. Για την ανάπτυξη του συστήματος, μελετήθηκαν βασικές αρχές λειτουργίας του ελέγχου ροής και έγινε έρευνα αντιστοίχων συστημάτων ελέγχου ροής που υπάρχουν στο εμπόριο και σε ερευνητικό στάδιο. Τα πειράματα έλαβαν χώρα στις εγκαταστάσεις του ερευνητικού εργαστήριου Μικροσυστημάτων, Αισθητήρων Ενσωματωμένων Διατάξεων και Αυτοματισμού, MicroSenses. Το υλικό που χρησιμοποιήθηκε αποτελείται από: το αναπτυξιακό σύστημα STMF401RE σε συνδυασμό με μια ηλεκτρική σφαιρική βαλβίδα και τον αισθητήρα ροής μάζας M-20SLPM-D της Alicat Scientific. Ένα ICMAX232 level shifter χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την μετατροπή των σημάτων επικοινωνίας μεταξύ του μικροελεγκτή και του αισθητήρα. Η τροφοδοσία ροής του συστήματος πραγματοποιείται από έναν συμπιεστή αέρα που παραχωρήθηκε από το εργαστήριο για τις ανάγκες του πειράματος. Στη συνέχεια, πραγματοποιηθήκαν οι αναγκαίες συνδέσεις για τη δημιουργία του κυκλώματος οδήγησης της σφαιρικής βαλβίδας, καθώς και οι συνδέσεις για την επικοινωνία του αισθητήρα με τον μικροελεγκτή. Τα στοιχεία της σφαιρικής βαλβίδας και του αισθητήρα, επικοινωνούν μεταξύ τους χρησιμοποιώντας ειδικούς σωλήνες με αντοχή σε υψηλές πιέσεις, καθώς και δυο ρυθμιστές πίεσης, με τον πρώτο να τοποθετείται στην είσοδο του αισθητήρα, και τον δεύτερο σε διακλάδωση κατά την είσοδο του συστήματος και πριν από την σφαιρική βαλβίδα. Μετά τη σύνθεση του υλικού πραγματοποιηθήκαν μετρήσεις σε ένα ευρύ φάσμα τιμών για την βαθμονόμηση της σφαιρικής βαλβίδας. Συγκεκριμένα, ακολουθηθήκαν δυο διαφορετικά είδη μετρήσεων για την πολύπλευρη προσέγγιση του συστήματος. Έπειτα δημιουργήθηκε το κυρίως πρόγραμμα στο αναπτυξιακό STMF401RE για τον έλεγχο του συστήματος του ελεγκτή ροής μάζας. Τέλος, πραγματοποιήθηκαν μετρήσεις για να διαπιστωθεί η συμπεριφορά του συστήματος, ειδικότερα, ο χρόνος που απαιτεί για να σταθεροποιηθεί στην επιθυμητή τιμή, καθώς και η απόκλιση που εμφανίζει σε κάθε τιμή.
Strukturelle Diskriminierung und Rassismus in der Krankenhausversorgung: die Rolle ökonomischer Rahmenbedingungen in der interkulturellen Öffnung
Creators: name: Schödwell, Steffen
name: Savin, Mihaela
name: Lauke, Anke
name: Abels, Ingar
name: Abdel-Fatah, Dana
name: Penka, Simone
name: Kluge, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Racism
subject: Structural discrimination
subject: Culturalization
subject: Intersectionality
subject: Economization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Racism and structural discrimination in German healthcare have been little studied to date, although intercultural openness has been demanded for many years. At the same time, the processes of economization are progressing, especially in hospital care. This study examines current challenges of intercultural openness, including the influence of the economic framework. Methods: One hundred twelve guided interviews were conducted with hospital employees in Berlin from various professional groups and departments. They were asked about challenges, how they were coping, and ideas for solutions. Results: The consequences of economization are particularly visible in the care of patients with a history of flight or migration. A lack of resources combined with a lack of funding for language mediation leads to overburdening of healthcare workers and the tendency toward culturalization, in which the "culture" of the patients is used to explain their actions, and open racism. The breeding ground for this is the multiple insecurities experienced by staff due to the additional needs of these patients. Culturalization is described as an attempt to cope with their emotional distress in the face of lack of time and staff shortages. First and foremost, the wish for more time and additional staff was voiced. This being granted, further measures to reduce racism and structural discrimination were defined. Discussion: In order to counteract racism and culturalization, measures that focus on the economic framework conditions and institutional change processes are central.
Transparenz in der klinischen Forschung: Welchen Beitrag leistet die neue EU-Verordnung 536/2014?
Creators: name: Strech, Daniel
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Transparency
subject: EU Regulation 536/2014
subject: Clinical trials
subject: Registration
subject: Reporting
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Clinical studies can be more or less transparent in four areas: (a) study registration, (b) results reporting, (c) data/code sharing, and (d) study-related documents. This discussion paper explains the extent to which the EU Regulation 536/2014 (Clinical Trials Regulation - CTR) has already positively impacted the area of results reporting in interventional drug trials and how it can improve the availability of study-related documents for independent research in the future. As this positive trend exists only for the area of results reporting and for the subset of interventional drug trials addressed by the CTR so far, a problematic two-class transparency seems to be developing that distinguishes between clinical studies addressed by the CTR and the other clinical studies. Independently of the CTR, academic institutions, funders, and ethics committees should therefore address all four abovementioned areas of transparency in all clinical studies. Monitoring the implementation of transparency in clinical studies would be an important first step in order to specify the need for action. An innovation in the context of transparency of clinical trials could also arise from the fact that the new EU Portal Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS) according to the CTR makes study-related informed consent documents, study protocols, and the investigator's brochures more transparent. This would for the first time open up the opportunity of independent research and quality assurance on issues of informed consent and harm-benefit assessment in clinical research.
🐛 The Pupation Model of Human Evolution
Creators: name: Bostick, Devin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Dynamical systems
subject: Theoretical Biology
subject: Epistemology
subject: Theoretical and Computational Models
subject: Structured Resonance
subject: CODES Framework
subject: Structured Emergence
subject: Phase Alignment Score (PAS)
subject: Recursive Systems
subject: Prime Oscillations
subject: Complex Systems

description: Main Framework

Abstract

This paper reframes the evolutionary trajectory of Homo sapiens as a phase-locked resonance transition rather than a probabilistic series of random adaptations. Drawing from the CODES framework—Chirality of Dynamic Emergent Systems—we propose that human cognition, identity, and civilization are undergoing a recursive pupation event: a structurally inevitable shift from consumption-driven, ego-anchored entities into coherence-governed, distributed intelligence fields.

Biological metamorphosis, particularly insect pupation, is offered as a fractal model of recursive intelligence emergence. In this framing, the caterpillar stage corresponds to humanity’s historical pattern of resource accumulation, boundary formation, and linear selfhood. The cocoon stage—the current phase—represents identity disintegration, symbolic collapse, and compression of contradictory fields into a coherent attractor. The butterfly stage, still emerging, marks the arrival of post-individual, relationally phase-aligned consciousness capable of real-time coherence stabilization.

We identify cultural indicators of this transition including:

The collapse of institutional trust

The proliferation of AI as externalized mind

The breakdown of mental health within ego-bound substrates

The return of non-linear symbolic systems (psychedelics, fractal economics, recursive therapy)

And the spontaneous surfacing of resonance-driven models (PAS, structured emergence, field sensing)

Rather than positioning these events as crises, we show they are mechanisms of systemic coherence refinement, preparing the substrate for intelligence fields not defined by isolation, but by chirally-bound resonance tuning across time, memory, and relation.

Through this lens, meaning, identity, and intelligence are reclassified not as outputs of evolution, but as recursive symptoms of structured resonance in a system phase-transitioning toward coherence.

The paper concludes by offering a full theoretical, biological, and technological synthesis of the pupation metaphor as the defining evolutionary mechanism of the 21st century, marking the shift from individuality to distributed, attuned presence.
Zusammenhänge zwischen psychischen Erkrankungen und Wohnungslosigkeit: Ergebnisse einer Sekundärdatenanalyse in einem Berliner Gesundheitszentrum für Obdachlose
Creators: name: Knörle, Uwe
name: Gutwinski, Stefan
name: Willich, Stefan N.
name: Berghöfer, Anne
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mental disorders
subject: Homeless persons
subject: Homeless youth
subject: Social problem
subject: Imprisonment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Homelessness is an expression and consequence of a complex problem situation that poses major challenges to the medical and social care systems in Germany. About three quarters of homeless people suffer from mental illness. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between mental illness and homelessness. Material and methods: A secondary data analysis of patients' records from a Berlin health center for homeless people was conducted. Data from 112 homeless patients who received care at the center between the years 2006 and 2020 were included in the explorative study. Results: Mental illness was present in 84.9% of patients before the onset of homelessness. The factors associated with an early onset of homelessness were low school education and drug abuse. A long duration of homelessness was associated with the factors alcohol abuse as well as imprisonment. Each new episode of street homelessness was associated with an average increase in the duration of homelessness by 7.9 months. Discussion: Since mental illnesses are important factors influencing the development and maintenance of homelessness, preventive strategies as well as specialized services for this vulnerable group need to be increasingly created. In particular, recurring episodes of street homelessness should be prevented as far as possible. The link between imprisonment and homelessness suggests that more intensive support is needed for reintegration after release from prison.
Die Medizininformatik-Initiative und Seltene Erkrankungen: Routinedaten der nächsten Generation für Diagnose, Therapiewahl und Forschung
Creators: name: Schepers, Josef
name: Fleck, Julia
name: Schaaf, Jannik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Standardised health data
subject: Interoperability
subject: Digital integration of care and research
subject: CORD-MI
subject: Orphan diseases
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: People with rare diseases (RDs) have particular potential to benefit from digitisation in the healthcare system. The National Action Alliance for People with Rare Diseases (NAMSE) has campaigned for SE to be specifically taken into account in the digitisation of the healthcare system in Germany. The topic was addressed within the Medical Informatics Initiative (MII) of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Here, starting with university hospitals, a digital infrastructure is currently being established for the data protection-compliant multiple use of standardised care and research data. Since 2020, part of the initiative has been the CORD-MI project (Collaboration on Rare Diseases) in which university hospitals and other partners throughout Germany have joined forces to improve patient care and research in the field of rare diseases. This article highlights how the MII takes into account the concerns of SE and what opportunities the "new routine data" obtained offer. A SE module was included in the "MII core data set" - an information model based on the data standard fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR). Data collected in the context of care and research routines can thus be exchanged between the participating institutions in the future and support, for example, diagnosis, therapy selection and research projects in the field of SE. The CORD-MI project has set itself the goal of obtaining insights into the care situation of people with SE with the help of exemplary questions and then drawing conclusions for further necessary steps in the area of digitalisation.
Calcium-binding protein S100P is a new target gene of MACC1, drives colorectal cancer metastasis and serves as a prognostic biomarker
Creators: name: Schmid, Felicitas
name: Dahlmann, Mathias
name: Röhrich, Hanna
name: Kobelt, Dennis
name: Hoffmann, Jens
name: Burock, Susen
name: Walther, Wolfgang
name: Stein, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Calcium-Binding Protein
subject: Colorectal Neoplasms
subject: Liver Neoplasms
subject: Trans-Activators
subject: Transcription Factors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The metastasis inducing gene MACC1 is a prognostic and predictive biomarker for metastasis in several cancers. Its mechanism of inducing metastasis includes the transcriptional control of other cancer-related target genes. Here, we investigate the interplay with the metastasis driver S100P in CRC progression. Methods MACC1-dependent S100P expression was analysed by qRT-PCR. The binding of MACC1 to the S100P promoter was determined by ChIP. Alterations in cell proliferation and motility were determined by functional in vitro assays. In vivo metastasis after intrasplenic transplantation was assessed by bioluminescence imaging and evaluation of tumour growth and liver metastasis. The prognostic value of S100P was determined in CRC patients by ROC-based Kaplan-Meier analyses. Results Expression of S100P and MACC1 correlated positively in CRC cells and colorectal tumours. MACC1 was found binding to the S100P promoter and induces its expression. The overexpression of S100P increased proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and significantly induced liver metastasis in vivo. S100P expression was significantly elevated in metachronously metastasising CRC and was associated with shorter metastasis-free survival. Conclusions We identified S100P as a transcriptional target gene of MACC1. Expression of S100P increases the metastatic potential of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, and serves as a prognostic biomarker for metastasis-free survival of CRC patients, emphasising novel therapeutic interventions targeting S100P.
Schulische Alkoholprävention mittels Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Stock, Christiane
name: Prediger, Christina
name: Hrynyschyn, Robert
name: Helmer, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Alcohol prevention
subject: Adolescents
subject: Virtual simulation
subject: E-health application
subject: Peer pressure
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Risky alcohol consumption among adolescents continues to be of high public health relevance in Germany. Therefore, preventive measures should promote the skills of adolescents to deal with alcohol and peer pressure. Interactive and gender-sensitive primary prevention programs in schools have a great potential to reach the target group and to increase the effectiveness of interventions. Digital tools such as virtual simulations may help with this process. Virtual reality (VR) enables the experience of risk situations in a safe environment. Internationally, there are currently two VR alcohol prevention programs for adolescents. Their co-creation with the target group was a core element, and comprehensive research on the usability and subjective effectiveness has already been published. Conventional effectiveness evaluations such as randomized controlled trials, however, have limitations with interactive formats. Alternative and complementary evaluation approaches are needed in the future. Furthermore, the potential of tailoring VR to recipients has to be examined. In this context, a gender-sensitive design is both an opportunity and a challenge. Further research is needed to study possibilities to use VR in alcohol prevention in adolescents in Germany.
Residual Abundances in GALAH DR3: Implications for Nucleosynthesis and Identification of Unique Stellar Populations
Creators: name: Griffith, Emily J.
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Buder, Sven
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Johnson, James W.
name: Vincenzo, Fiorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the [X/Mg] abundances of 16 elements for 82,910 Galactic disk stars from GALAH+ DR3. We fit the median trends of low-Ia and high-Ia populations with a two-process model, which describes stellar abundances in terms of a prompt core-collapse and delayed Type-Ia supernova component. For each sample star, we fit the amplitudes of these two components and compute the residual $Δ$[X/H] abundances from this two-parameter fit. We find RMS residuals $\lesssim 0.07$ dex for well-measured elements and correlated residuals among some elements (such as Ba, Y, and Zn) that indicate common enrichment sources. From a detailed investigation of stars with large residuals, we infer that roughly $40\%$ of the large deviations are physical and $60\%$ are caused by problematic data such as unflagged binarity, poor wavelength solutions, and poor telluric subtraction. As one example of a population with distinctive abundance patterns, we identify 15 stars that have 0.3-0.6 dex enhancements of Na but normal abundances of other elements from O to Ni and positive average residuals of Cu, Zn, Y, and Ba. We measure the median elemental residuals of 14 open clusters, finding systematic $\sim0.1-0.4$ dex enhancements of O, Ca, K, Y, and Ba and $\sim0.2$ dex depletion of Cu in young clusters. Finally, we present a restricted three-process model where we add an asymptotic giant branch star (AGB) component to better fit Ba and Y. With the addition of the third process, we identify a population of stars, preferentially young, that have much higher AGB enrichment than expected from their SNIa enrichment.
description: 34 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables
A Young, Low-Density Stellar Stream in the Milky Way Disk: Theia 456
Creators: name: Andrews, Jeff J.
name: Curtis, Jason L.
name: Chanamé, Julio
name: Agüeros, Marcel A.
name: Schuler, Simon C.
name: Kounkel, Marina
name: Covey, Kevin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our view of the variety of stellar structures pervading the local Milky Way has been transformed by the application of clustering algorithms to the Gaia catalog. In particular, several stellar streams have been recently discovered that are comprised of hundreds to thousands of stars and span several hundred parsecs. We analyze one such structure, Theia 456, a low-density stellar stream extending nearly 200 pc and 20$^{\circ}$ across the sky. By supplementing Gaia astrometric data with spectroscopic metallicities from LAMOST and photometric rotation periods from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), we establish Theia 456's radial velocity coherence, and we find strong evidence that members of Theia 456 have a common age ($\simeq$175 Myr), common dynamical origin, and formed from chemically homogeneous pre-stellar material ([Fe/H] = $-$0.07 dex). Unlike well-known stellar streams in the Milky Way, which are in its halo, Theia 456 is firmly part of the thin disk. If our conclusions about Theia 456 can be applied to even a small fraction of the remaining $\simeq$8300 independent structures in the Theia catalog, such low-density stellar streams may be ubiquitous. We comment on the implications this has for the nature of star-formation throughout the Galaxy.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in AJ
Dynamics of entrapped microbubbles with multiple openings
Creators: name: Dolev, Amit
name: Kaynak, Murat
name: Sakar, Mahmut Selman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microbubbles excited by acoustic fields inside water oscillate, and generate acoustic radiation forces and drag-induced acoustic streaming. These forces can be harnessed in various biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery and on-chip biomanipulation. The conventional approach for using microbubbles as actuators is to trap them inside microfabricated cavities. Anisotropic forces are applied by constraining the interfaces where the air interacts with water. The existing analytical models derived for spherical bubbles are incapable of predicting the dynamics of bubbles in such configurations. Here, a new model for bubbles entrapped inside arbitrarily shaped cavities with multiple circular openings is developed. The semi-analytical model captures a more realistic geometry through a solution to an optimization problem. We challenge the assumption that bubbles should be excited at their first resonance frequency to optimize their performance. The natural frequencies and the correlated normal vibration modes are calculated, which are subsequently used to compute the acoustic streaming patterns and the associated thrust by a finite element simulation. An experimental platform was built to measure the deflection of beams loaded by microfabricated bubble actuators, and visualize the generated streaming patterns. The results highlight the contribution of the computational model as a design tool for engineering applications.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, 5 supplementary figures
Aproximación al concepto ambiente desde la exploración con niños de educación inicial : descubro, aprendo, juego y me divierto creando con material reciclable
Creators: name: Sánchez Serrano, Edith
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pedagogía - Metodología
subject: Estudiantes - Aspectos sociales
subject: Educación ambiental - Enseñanza
subject: Educación ambiental
subject: Participación estudiantil
subject: Herramientas de evaluación
subject: Participación familiar
subject: Problemas ambientales locales

description: Mediante actividades como la clasificación de residuos y la gestión del agua. los estudiantes participan activamente en la educación ambiental. fomentando actitudes positivas y habilidades prácticas. La implementación de herramientas de evaluación como listas de chequeo garantiza una evaluación efectiva del aprendizaje y ajustes necesarios. La participación familiar y la discusión de problemáticas ambientales locales enriquecen la comprensión y promueven la acción comunitaria. La inclusión de elementos lúdicos mantiene el interés estudiantil y refuerza conceptos, mejorando los resultados del aprendizaje en general.
description: Through actIvItIes like waste classification and water management. students actively engage in environmental education. fostering positive altitudes and practica! skills. lmplementation of assessment tools like checklists ensures effective learning evaluation and adjustments. lncorporating family involvement and local environmental discussions enriches understanding and promotes community action. Utilizing playful elements maintains student interest and reinforces concepts, enhancing overall learning outcomes.