cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
What the complex joint probabilities observed in weak measurements can tell us about quantum physics
Creators: name: Hofmann, Holger F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics does not permit joint measurements of non-commuting observables. However, it is possible to measure the weak value of a projection operator, followed by the precise measurement of a different property. The results can be interpreted as complex joint probabilities of the two non-commuting measurement outcomes. Significantly, it is possible to predict the outcome of completely different measurements by combining the joint probabilities of the initial state with complex conditional probabilities relating the new measurement to the possible combinations of measurement outcomes used in the characterization of the quantum state. We can therefore conclude that the complex conditional probabilities observed in weak measurements describe fundamental state-independent relations between non-commuting properties that represent the most fundamental form of universal laws in quantum physics.
description: This short note (2 pages) is a contribution to the proceedings of QCMC 2012 held in Vienna, Austria, July 30th to August 3rd 2012. It is intended as a short motivational discussion of the significance that recent results on complex probabilities might have for our general understanding of the laws of physics
Theory of Nucleation in Phase-separating Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Cogswell, Daniel A.
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic physics of nucleation in solid \hl{single-crystal} nanoparticles is revealed by a phase-field theory that includes surface energy, chemical reactions and coherency strain. In contrast to binary fluids, which form arbitrary contact angles at surfaces, complete "wetting" by one phase is favored at binary solid surfaces. Nucleation occurs when surface wetting becomes unstable, as the chemical energy gain (scaling with area) overcomes the elastic energy penalty (scaling with volume). The nucleation barrier thus decreases with the area-to-volume ratio and vanishes below a critical size, and nanoparticles tend to transform in order of increasing size, leaving the smallest particles homogeneous (in the phase of lowest surface energy). The model is used to simulate phase separation in realistic nanoparticle geometries for \ce{Li_XFePO4}, a popular cathode material for Li-ion batteries, and collapses disparate experimental data for the nucleation barrier, with no adjustable parameters. Beyond energy storage, the theory generally shows how to tailor the elastic and surface properties of a solid nanostructure to achieve desired phase behavior.
description: 7 pages, 4 figs
Shear flow-interchange instability in nightside magnetotail causes auroral beads as a signature of substorm onset
Creators: name: Derr, Jason
name: Horton, Wendell
name: Wolf, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geometric wedge model of the near-earth nightside plasma sheet is used to derive a wave equation for low frequency shear flow-interchange waves which transmit $\vec{E} \times \vec{B}$ sheared zonal flows along magnetic flux tubes towards the ionosphere. Discrepancies with the wave equation result used in Kalmoni et al. (2015) for shear flow-ballooning instability are discussed. The shear flow-interchange instability appears to be responsible for substorm onset. The wedge wave equation is used to compute rough expressions for dispersion relations and local growth rates in the midnight region of the nightside magnetotail where the instability develops, forming the auroral beads characteristic of geomagnetic substorm onset. Stability analysis for the shear flow-interchange modes demonstrates that nonlinear analysis is necessary for quantitatively accurate results and determines the spatial scale on which the instability varies.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Spreading dynamics in networks under context-dependent behavior
Creators: name: Burgio, Giulio
name: Gómez, Sergio
name: Arenas, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In some systems, the behavior of the constituent units can create a `context' that modifies the direct interactions among them. This mechanism of indirect modification inspired us to develop a minimal model of context-dependent spreading. In our model, agents actively impede (favor) or not diffusion during an interaction, depending on the behavior they observe among all the peers in the group within which that interaction occurs. We divide the population into two behavioral types and provide a mean-field theory to parametrize mixing patterns of arbitrary type-assortativity within groups of any size. As an application, we examine an epidemic spreading model with context-dependent adoption of prophylactic tools such as face-masks. By analyzing the distributions of groups' size and type-composition, we uncover a rich phenomenology for the basic reproduction number and the endemic state. We analytically show how changing the group organization of contacts can either facilitate or hinder epidemic spreading, eventually moving the system from the subcritical to the supercritical phase and vice versa, depending mainly on sociological factors, such as whether the prophylactic behavior is hardly or easily induced. More generally, our work provides a theoretical foundation to model higher-order contexts and analyze their dynamical implications, envisioning a broad theory of context-dependent interactions that would allow for a new systematic investigation of a variety of complex systems.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures
Lorentz group equivariant autoencoders
Creators: name: Hao, Zichun
name: Kansal, Raghav
name: Duarte, Javier
name: Chernyavskaya, Nadezda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been significant work recently in developing machine learning (ML) models in high energy physics (HEP) for tasks such as classification, simulation, and anomaly detection. Often these models are adapted from those designed for datasets in computer vision or natural language processing, which lack inductive biases suited to HEP data, such as equivariance to its inherent symmetries. Such biases have been shown to make models more performant and interpretable, and reduce the amount of training data needed. To that end, we develop the Lorentz group autoencoder (LGAE), an autoencoder model equivariant with respect to the proper, orthochronous Lorentz group $\mathrm{SO}^+(3,1)$, with a latent space living in the representations of the group. We present our architecture and several experimental results on jets at the LHC and find it outperforms graph and convolutional neural network baseline models on several compression, reconstruction, and anomaly detection metrics. We also demonstrate the advantage of such an equivariant model in analyzing the latent space of the autoencoder, which can improve the explainability of potential anomalies discovered by such ML models.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, and a 3 page appendix
Graph comparison meets Alexandrov
Creators: name: Lebedeva, Nina
name: Petrunin, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30L15, 53C20, 51F99, 53C23, 05C90

description: Graph comparison is a certain type of condition on metric space encoded by a finite graph. We show that any nontrivial graph comparison implies one of Alexandrov's comparisons. The proof gives a complete description of graphs with trivial graph comparisons.
description: English+Russian, 7+7 pages, 11+11 figures
Image Inpainting by Kriging Interpolation Technique
Creators: name: Jassim, Firas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image inpainting is the art of predicting damaged regions of an image. The manual way of image inpainting is a time consuming. Therefore, there must be an automatic digital method for image inpainting that recovers the image from the damaged regions. In this paper, a novel statistical image inpainting algorithm based on Kriging interpolation technique was proposed. Kriging technique automatically fills the damaged region in an image using the information available from its surrounding regions in such away that it uses the spatial correlation structure of points inside the k-by-k block. Kriging has the ability to face the challenge of keeping the structure and texture information as the size of damaged region heighten. Experimental results showed that, Kriging has a high PSNR value when recovering a variety of test images from scratches and text as damaged regions.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
A trust model for spreading gossip in social networks
Creators: name: Bhansali, Rinni
name: Schaposnik, Laura P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60C05, 82B20, 60K35

description: We introduce here a multi-type bootstrap percolation model, which we call T-Bootstrap Percolation (T-BP), and apply it to study information propagation in social networks. In this model, a social network is represented by a graph G whose vertices have different labels corresponding to the type of role the person plays in the network (e.g. a student, an educator, etc.). Once an initial set of vertices of G is randomly selected to be carrying a gossip (e.g. to be infected), the gossip propagates to a new vertex provided it is transmitted by a minimum threshold of vertices with different labels. By considering random graphs, which have been shown to closely represent social networks, we study different properties of the T-BP model through numerical simulations, and describe its implications when applied to rumour spread, fake news, and marketing strategies.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
On the correspondence principle for the Klein-Gordon and Dirac Equations
Creators: name: Hernández, K. G.
name: Aguilar, S. E.
name: Bernal, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the solutions to the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations using the local spatial averaging approach to Bohr's correspondence principle in the large principal quantum number regime. The procedure is applied in two basic problems in $1+1$-dimensions, the relativistic quantum oscillator and the relativistic particle in a box. In the harmonic oscillator cases, we find that the corresponding probability densities reduce to their respective classical single-particle distributions plus a series of terms suppressed by powers of the $\hbar$ constant, while particle in a box cases show a different structure for the quantum corrections.
description: Major modifications. Accepted version for the Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics
A logical framework to model software development by multiple agents following a common specification
Creators: name: Pitsiladis, Georgios V.
name: Stefaneas, Petros S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1

description: In this paper, we address program development by multiple different programmers (or programming teams), each working in different settings (programming languages or reasoning frameworks), but following a common specification; in particular, we examine at an abstract level the problem of translatability between their produced programs. To this end, after consideration of some philosophical issues regarding program development, including its similarities and dissimilarities with scientific theorising, we extend a logical framework built to describe scientific theorising in relativist settings: our extensions add the ability of reasoning about programs, the iterative process of their generation, and their specifications. We are thus able to define a notion of translation between the outputs of program generators and prove that there is a (trivial) such translation when two program generators follow the same specification reliably (in a specific sense of reliability).
description: 15 pages (including bibliography). To be submitted to Logical Methods in Computer Science
title: Human Rights Language as an Instrument. An Analysis of the Sex Work Discourse in South Africa with a Focus on Human Rights
Creators: name: Lühe, Ulrike
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: This paper addresses and investigates the ways sex work is being discussed in South Africa. The main focus is on the human rights discourse as applied by the South African parliament and the non-governmental organisation SWEAT (Sex Worker Education and Advocacy Taskforce). The research proceeds by analysing which human rights the two actors refer to and which discursive strategies they apply in order to pursue their varying agendas. This also includes a discussion of which actors are seen as violating sex workers’ human rights and preliminary conclusions on the agendas and objectives that might be underlying the respective discourses. The paper’s analysis indicates that human rights, here, are not an end in themselves, but rather a means to an end. Both actors utilise the very same human rights language with quite different effects and outcomes, which leads to conclusions about the instrumentality of human rights.
Realizing Universal Majorana Fermionic Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Wu, Ya-Jie
name: He, Jing
name: Kou, Su-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana-fermionic quantum computation (MFQC) was proposed by Bravyi and Kitaev (See Ref.\cite{Kitaev}), in which a fault-torrent (non-topological) quantum computer built from Majorana fermions may be more efficient than that built from distinguishable two-state systems. However, till now people don't know how to realize a MFQC in a physical system. In this paper we proposed a possible realization of MFQC. We find that the end of a line-defect of p-wave superconductor or superfluid on a honeycomb lattice will trap a Majorana zero mode, which will become the starting point of MFQC. Then we show how to manipulate Majorana fermions to do universal MFQC, which possesses unique possibilities for high-level local controllability, individual addressing, and readout of the quantum states of individual constituent elements by using timely cold-atom technology.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Orthogonal Higgs bundles with singular spectral curves
Creators: name: Bradlow, Steven B.
name: Branco, Lucas C.
name: Schaposnik, Laura P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14D21, 20C33

description: We examine Higgs bundles for non-compact real forms of SO(4,C) and the isogenous complex group SL(2,C)XSL(2,C). This involves a study of non-regular fibers in the corresponding Hitchin fibrations and provides interesting examples of non-abelian spectral data.
description: v3. Minor typos corrected and a dedication added. To appear in CAG in a special volume in honor of Karen Uhlenbeck's 75th birthday
Oracle complexity classes and local measurements on physical Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Gharibian, Sevag
name: Piddock, Stephen
name: Yirka, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The canonical problem for the class Quantum Merlin-Arthur (QMA) is that of estimating ground state energies of local Hamiltonians. Perhaps surprisingly, [Ambainis, CCC 2014] showed that the related, but arguably more natural, problem of simulating local measurements on ground states of local Hamiltonians (APX-SIM) is likely harder than QMA. Indeed, [Ambainis, CCC 2014] showed that APX-SIM is P^QMA[log]-complete, for P^QMA[log] the class of languages decidable by a P machine making a logarithmic number of adaptive queries to a QMA oracle. In this work, we show that APX-SIM is P^QMA[log]-complete even when restricted to more physical Hamiltonians, obtaining as intermediate steps a variety of related complexity-theoretic results. We first give a sequence of results which together yield P^QMA[log]-hardness for APX-SIM on well-motivated Hamiltonians: (1) We show that for NP, StoqMA, and QMA oracles, a logarithmic number of adaptive queries is equivalent to polynomially many parallel queries. These equalities simplify the proofs of our subsequent results. (2) Next, we show that the hardness of APX-SIM is preserved under Hamiltonian simulations (a la [Cubitt, Montanaro, Piddock, 2017]). As a byproduct, we obtain a full complexity classification of APX-SIM, showing it is complete for P, P^||NP, P^||StoqMA, or P^||QMA depending on the Hamiltonians employed. (3) Leveraging the above, we show that APX-SIM is P^QMA[log]-complete for any family of Hamiltonians which can efficiently simulate spatially sparse Hamiltonians, including physically motivated models such as the 2D Heisenberg model. Our second focus considers 1D systems: We show that APX-SIM remains P^QMA[log]-complete even for local Hamiltonians on a 1D line of 8-dimensional qudits. This uses a number of ideas from above, along with replacing the "query Hamiltonian" of [Ambainis, CCC 2014] with a new "sifter" construction.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures
Higgs bundles -- Recent applications
Creators: name: Schaposnik, Laura P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of some recent applications of Higgs bundles and the Hitchin fibration.
description: 11 pages
Simplified heat pump modelling in TRNSYS and validation
Creators: name: Neugebauer, Martin
name: Söylemez, Engin
name: Pean, Thibault
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heat pumps
Modelling
TRNSYS

description: The EU project TRI-HP is aiming at developing trigeneration integrated solutions that provide heating, cooling and
 electricity by means of PV-coupled natural refrigerant heat pumps using multiple renewable energy sources.
 Within the TRI-HP project, three kinds of heat pumps have been developed. One is the so-called dual source/sink
 heat pump, featuring two potential heat sources and sinks using propane as a refrigerant (R290-dual). These
 two sources are brine from a ground probe eld and ambient air. The other two heat pumps use a water source that
 can be supercooled to produce ice slurry but employ different refrigerants: one uses propane (R290-ice), while
 the other uses CO2 (R744-ice) with a transcritical cycle. R290-ice and R744-ice use solar thermal collectors
 as heat sources for the evaporator in a concept known as solar-ice.
 This deliverable presents the fitting of simple quadratic model functions to experimental and simulated data of the three types of heat pumps investigated in the current project. These model functions allow a runtime
 efcient integration of these heat pump types into transient system simulations. The simplified heat pump models
 have been integrated into TRNSYS using pyrosis 1 and will be used to study the energetic and cost efficiency of
 these heat pump systems coupled with photovoltaics around Europe.
Almost Sure Convergence of Randomized Urn Models with Application to Elephant Random Walk
Creators: name: Gangopadhyay, Ujan
name: Maulik, Krishanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62L20, 60F15, 60G42

description: We consider a randomized urn model with objects of finitely many colors. The replacement matrices are random, and are conditionally independent of the color chosen given the past. Further, the conditional expectations of the replacement matrices are close to an almost surely irreducible matrix. We obtain almost sure and $L^1$ convergence of the configuration vector, the proportion vector and the count vector. We show that first moment is sufficient for i.i.d.\ replacement matrices independent of past color choices. This significantly improves the similar results for urn models obtained in Athreya and Ney (1972) requiring $L\log_+ L$ moments. For more general adaptive sequence of replacement matrices, a little more than $L\log_+ L$ condition is required. Similar results based on $L^1$ moment assumption alone has been considered independently and in parallel in Zhang (2018). Finally, using the result, we study a delayed elephant random walk on the nonnegative orthant in $d$ dimension with random memory.
description: References updated. Slightly reorganized. Published in Statistics and Probability Letters
title: Working Papers Contested Order/ eAQUA Working Papers, Vol 6 (2012):
Creators: name: Working Papers Contested Order/ EAQUA Working Papers
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Regieren in der Planstadt. Raum, Wissen und

Macht in der »Ville Contemporaine«
description: Titel
 Impressum
 Content
 Regieren in der Planstadt. Raum, Wissen und Macht in der »Ville Contemporaine«...2-33
 Overview of the Working Papers published in the Working Paper Series of the Research Area CONTESTED ORDER
title: »Das Kollektionieren ist die edelste aller Leidenschaften!« Wilhelm von Bode und das Verhältnis zwischen Museum, Kunsthandel und Privatsammlertum
Creators: name: Paul, Barbara
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 21, Nr. 3 (1993): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Four Games on Boolean Algebras
Creators: name: Kurilic, Milos S.
name: Sobot, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91A44, 03E40 (Primary) 03E35, 03E05, 03G05, 06E10 (Secondary)

description: The games G_2 and G_3 are played on a complete Boolean algebra B in ω-many moves. At the beginning White picks a non-zero element p of B and, in the n-th move, White picks a positive p_n < p and Black chooses an i_n belonging to {0,1}. White wins G_2 iff liminf p_n^{i_n}=0 and wins G_3 iff \bigvee_{A\in [ω]^ω}\bigwedge_{n\in A}p_n^{i_n}=0. It is shown that White has a winning strategy in the game G_2 iff White has a winning strategy in the cut-and-choose game G_c&c introduced by Jech. Also, White has a winning strategy in the game G_3 iff forcing by B produces a subset R of the binary tree 2^{
description: 10 pages
PRIDE Resources : Data deposition and dissemination
Creators: name: Kundu, Deepti Jaiswal
name: Vizcaino, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: The PRoteomics IDEntifications (PRIDE) database at the European Bioinformatics Institute is currently the world-leading repository of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics data. PRIDE is one of the founding members of the global ProteomeXchange consortium, containing around 31527 datasets. Thanks to the success of PRIDE and ProteomeXchange (PX), the proteomics community is now widely embracing open data policies, a scenario opposite to the situation just a few years ago. Therefore, PRIDE has grown significantly in recent years (~500 datasets per month were submitted on average just in past two years). Our major challenge is to ensure a fast and efficient data submission process, ensuring that the data representation is correct. Here, we describe in detail the PRIDE data handling and curation process.
Relativistic theory for time and frequency transfer through flowing media with an application to the atmosphere of Earth
Creators: name: Geršl, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several space missions that will use atomic clocks on board of an Earth-orbiting satellite are planned for the near future, such as the Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) or the Space Optical Clock on the ISS (I-SOC). The increasing accuracies of the developed clocks and of the links connecting them with ground stations impose corresponding accuracy requirements for theoretical models of electromagnetic signal propagation through the atmosphere of Earth and for the related time and frequency transfer corrections. We develop a relativistic model of one- and two-way time and frequency transfer. In addition to the gravitational effects, it also includes the effects of atmospheric refractivity and atmospheric flows within the relativistic framework. The model is based on an analytical solution of the equation of motion of a light ray in spacetime filled with a medium: the null geodesic equation of Gordon's optical metric. Explicit formulas for one- and two-way time and frequency transfer corrections are given using realistic fields of the gravitational potential, the refractive index, and the wind speed, taking nonstationarity and deviations from spherical symmetry into account. Numerical examples are provided that focus on two-way ground-to-satellite transfer, with satellite parameters similar to those of the ISS. The effect of the atmospheric refractive index increases as the satellite position moves from zenith to horizon, and it is shown that the effect ranges from 0 ps to 5 ps for two-way time transfer and from $10^{-17}$ to $10^{-13}$ for two-way frequency transfer. The effect of the wind contribution is well below 1 ps for the two-way time transfer for normal atmospheric conditions, but for the two-way frequency transfer, the effect can be significant: A contribution of $10^{-17}$ is possible for a horizontal wind field with a velocity magnitude of about 11 m/s.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Small-amplitude inhomogeneous plane waves in a deformed Mooney-Rivlin material
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of small-amplitude inhomogeneous plane waves in an isotropic homogeneous incompressible Mooney--Rivlin material is considered when the material is maintained in a state of finite static homogeneous deformation. Disturbances of complex exponential type are sought and all propagating inhomogeneous solutions to the equations of motion are given, as well as the conditions for linear, elliptical, or circular polarization. % It is seen that a great variety of solutions arises. These include some original solutions, such as circularly-polarized plane waves which propagate with an arbitrary complex scalar slowness, or linearly-polarized waves for which the direction of propagation is not necessarily orthogonal to the direction of attenuation. % Throughout the paper, geometrical interpretations and explicit examples are presented.
Distributed Computation for Marginal Likelihood based Model Choice
Creators: name: Buchholz, Alexander
name: Ahfock, Daniel
name: Richardson, Sylvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a general method for distributed Bayesian model choice, using the marginal likelihood, where a data set is split in non-overlapping subsets. These subsets are only accessed locally by individual workers and no data is shared between the workers. We approximate the model evidence for the full data set through Monte Carlo sampling from the posterior on every subset generating a model evidence per subset. The results are combined using a novel approach which corrects for the splitting using summary statistics of the generated samples. Our divide-and-conquer approach enables Bayesian model choice in the large data setting, exploiting all available information but limiting communication between workers. We derive theoretical error bounds that quantify the resulting trade-off between computational gain and loss in precision. The embarrassingly parallel nature yields important speed-ups when used on massive data sets as illustrated by our real world experiments. In addition, we show how the suggested approach can be extended to model choice within a reversible jump setting that explores multiple feature combinations within one run.
description: Published in Baysian Analysis: https://projecteuclid.org/journals/bayesian-analysis/advance-publication/Distributed-Computation-for-Marginal-Likelihood-based-Model-Choice/10.1214/22-BA1321.full
title: Women, Literature, and National Brotherhood. Women and La Historia Oficial
Creators: name: Pratt, Mary Louise
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 25, Nr. 3 (1997): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Inverse proximity effect and influence of disorder on triplet supercurrents in strongly spin-polarized ferromagnets
Creators: name: Grein, Roland
name: Lofwander, Tomas
name: Eschrig, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Josephson effect in strongly spin-polarized ferromagnets where triplet correlations are induced by means of spin-active interface scattering, extending our earlier work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 227005 (2009)] by including impurity scattering in the ferromagnetic bulk and the inverse proximity effect in a fully self-consistent way. Our quasiclassical approach accounts for the differences of Fermi momenta and Fermi velocities between the two spin bands of the ferromagnet, and thereby overcomes an important short-coming of previous work within the framework of Usadel theory. We show that non-magnetic disorder in conjunction with spin-dependent Fermi velocities may induce a reversal of the spin-current as a function of temperature.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Random Matrix Ensembles in Hyperchaotic Classical Dissipative Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Odavic, Jovan
name: Mali, Petar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistical fluctuations of Lyapunov exponents in the discrete version of the non-integrable perturbed sine-Gordon equation, the dissipative ac+dc driven Frenkel-Kontorova model. Our analysis shows that the fluctuations of the exponent spacings in the strictly overdamped limit, which is nonchaotic, conforms to the \textit{uncorrelated} Poisson distribution. By studying the spatiotemporal dynamics we relate the emergence of the Poissonian statistics to Middleton's no-passing rule. Next, by scanning over the dc driving and particle mass we identify several parameter regions for which this one-dimensional model exhibits hyperchaotic behavior. Furthermore, in the hyperchaotic regime where roughly fifty percent of exponents are positive, the fluctuations exhibit features of the \textit{correlated} universal statistics of the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE). Due to the dissipative nature of the dynamics, we find that the match, between the Lyapunov spectrum statistics and the universal statistics of GOE, is not complete. Finally, we present evidence supporting the existence of the Tracy-Widom distribution in the fluctuation statistics of the largest Lyapunov exponent.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
title: Kunsthistorikerinnen seit 1970: Wissenschaftskritik und Selbstverständnis. Einführung
Creators: name: Paul, Barbara
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 26, Nr. 3 (1998): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Informatics-Driven Selection of Polymers for Fuel-Cell Applications
Creators: name: Tran, Huan
name: Shen, Kuan-Hsuan
name: Shukla, Shivank
name: Kwon, Ha-Kyung
name: Ramprasad, Rampi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern fuel cell technologies use Nafion as the material of choice for the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and as the binding material (ionomer), used to assemble the catalyst layers of the anode and cathode. These applications demand high proton conductivity as well as other requirements. For example, PEM is expected to block electrons, oxygen, and hydrogen from penetrating and diffusing while the anode/cathode ionomer should allow hydrogen/oxygen to move easily, so that they can reach the catalyst nanoparticles. Given some of the well-known limits of Nafion, such as low glass-transition temperature, the community is in the midst of an active search for Nafion replacements. In this work, we present an informatics-based scheme to search large polymer chemical spaces, which includes establishing a list of properties needed for the targeted applications, developing predictive machine-learning models for these properties, defining a search space, and using the developed models to screen the search space. Using the scheme, we have identified 60 new polymer candidates for PEM, anode ionomer, and cathode ionomer that we hope will be advanced to the next step, i.e., validating the designs through synthesis and testing. The proposed informatics scheme is generic, and can be used to select polymers for multiple applications in the future.
description: in press, JPCC
title: »Vom Wirbel bis zur Zehe niederdeutsch«. Julius Langbehns Rembrandt als Erzieher und die Rezeption der Genremalerei in der Moderne
Creators: name: Genge, Gabriele
name: Stercken, Angela
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 27, Nr. 4 (1999): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
A rational approximation of the Fourier transform by integration with exponential decay multiplier
Creators: name: Abrarov, Sanjar M.
name: Siddiqui, Rehan
name: Jagpal, Rajinder K.
name: Quine, Brendan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A20

description: Recently we have reported a new method of rational approximation of the sinc function obtained by sampling and the Fourier transforms. However, this method requires a trigonometric multiplier that originates from shifting property of the Fourier transform. In this work we show how to represent the Fourier transform of a function $f(t)$ in form of a ratio of two polynomials without any trigonometric multiplier. A MATLAB code showing algorithmic implementation of the proposed method for rational approximation of the Fourier transform is presented.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Construction of free commutative integro-differential algebras by the method of Gröbner-Shirshov bases
Creators: name: Gao, Xing
name: Guo, Li
name: Zheng, Shanghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 16S15, 16W99, 13P10

description: In this paper, we construct a canonical linear basis for free commutative integro-differential algebras by applying the method of Gröbner-Shirshov bases. We establish the Composition-Diamond Lemma for free commutative differential Rota-Baxter algebras of order $n$. We also obtain a weakly monomial order on these algebras, allowing us to obtain Gröbner-Shirshov bases for free commutative integro-differential algebras on a set. We finally generalize the concept of functional derivations to free differential algebras with arbitrary weight and generating sets from which to construct a canonical linear basis for free commutative integro-differential algebras.
description: 29 pages
title: Schöne heile Welt(ordnung). Zum Umgang der Kunstgeschichte in der frühen Bundesrepublik Deutschland mit außereuropäischer Gegenwartskunst
Creators: name: Paul, Barbara
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 31, Nr. 2 (2003): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
t-c gamma and t-cg in warped extra dimensions
Creators: name: Gao, Tie-Jun
name: Feng, Tai-Fu
name: Chen, Jian-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we calculate the top quark rare decays t-cgamma and t-cg in the framework where the standard model is embedded in a warped extra dimension with the custodial symmetry SU(3)c*SU(2)L*SU(2)R*U(1)x*PLR. Adopting reasonable assumptions on the parameter space,we numerically find the branching ratios of t-cgamma exceeding 10^-6 and that of t-cg exceeding 10^-5 respectively, which can be detected in near future.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0903.2415 by other authors
title: Der Dirigent. Hartmut Dorgerloh entwickelt nachhaltige Konzepte für die Stiftung Preußische Schlösser und Gärten Berlin-Brandenburg
Creators: name: Werner, Elke Anna
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 33, Nr. 4 (2005): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Conservative stabilized Runge-Kutta methods for the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation
Creators: name: Almuslimani, Ibrahim
name: Crouseilles, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q83, 35Q84, 65M12

description: In this work, we aim at constructing numerical schemes, that are as efficient as possible in terms of cost and conservation of invariants, for the Vlasov--Fokker--Planck system coupled with Poisson or Ampère equation. Splitting methods are used where the linear terms in space are treated by spectral or semi-Lagrangian methods and the nonlinear diffusion in velocity in the collision operator is treated using a stabilized Runge--Kutta--Chebyshev (RKC) integrator, a powerful alternative of implicit schemes. The new schemes are shown to exactly preserve mass and momentum. The conservation of total energy is obtained using a suitable approximation of the electric field. An H-theorem is proved in the semi-discrete case, while the entropy decay is illustrated numerically for the fully discretized problem. Numerical experiments that include investigation of Landau damping phenomenon and bump-on-tail instability are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the new schemes.
title: »Mit den Ohren sehen« Kunstgeschichte im Rundfunk der Weimarer Republik
Creators: name: Zeising, Andreas
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 37, Nr. 1 (2009): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Locally frozen magnetic field in HTSC ceramics
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S. I.
name: Shablo, A. A.
name: Koverya, V. P.
name: Fomin, D. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The value of a locally frozen magnetic field in a region with a diameter of 0.5 mm in a 0.5-mm-thick YBa2Cu3O7-x plate was investigated as a function of the excitation field (to 2x10^4 A/m), plate cooling mode (in the absence or presence of a field; i.e., zero-field cooling (ZFC) or field coupling (FC)), and local demagnetizing field. Analysis of the measurement results in the noted range of excitation fields showed the following: (i) the dependence on the excitation field for the ZFC mode is explained by the local inhomogeneity of critical currents of weak links in the ceramic Josephson medium and is limited by their maximum value at the temperature of the experiment (77 K); (ii) the dependence on the excitation field for the FC mode contains a portion of the magnetic phase transition from the frozen current structure, typical of the initial portion of the dependence, to the current structure characteristic of the ZFC freezing mode, and is limited by this transition; and (iii) the dependence on the demagnetizing field for the ZFC mode can be explained by the stable coexistence (without annihilation) of microscopic current loops with opposite current directions in the ceramics.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Higher Elastica: Geodesics in the Jet Space
Creators: name: Bravo-Doddoli, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Carnot groups are subRiemannian manifolds. As such they admit geodesic flows, which are left-invariant Hamiltonian flows on their cotangent bundles. Some of these flows are integrable. Some are not. The space of k-jets for real-valued functions on the real line forms a Carnot group of dimension $k+2$. We show that its geodesic flow is integrable and that its geodesics generalize Euler's elastica, with the case $k=2$ corresponding to the elastica, as shown by Sachkov and Ardentov.
Accelerated multiscale mechanics modeling in a deep learning framework
Creators: name: Gupta, Ashwini
name: Bhaduri, Anindya
name: Graham-Brady, Lori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microstructural heterogeneity affects the macro-scale behavior of materials. Conversely, load distribution at the macro-scale changes the microstructural response. These up-scaling and down-scaling relations are often modeled using multiscale finite element (FE) approaches such as FE-squared ($FE^2$). However, $FE^2$ requires numerous calculations at the micro-scale, which often renders this approach intractable. This paper reports an enormously faster machine learning (ML) based approach for multiscale mechanics modeling. The proposed ML-driven multiscale analysis approach uses an ML-model that predicts the local stress tensor fields in a linear elastic fiber-reinforced composite microstructure. This ML-model, specifically a U-Net deep convolutional neural network (CNN), is trained separately to perform the mapping between the spatial arrangement of fibers and the corresponding 2D stress tensor fields. This ML-model provides effective elastic material properties for up-scaling and local stress tensor fields for subsequent down-scaling in a multiscale analysis framework. Several numerical examples demonstrate a substantial reduction in computational cost using the proposed ML-driven approach when compared with the traditional multiscale modeling approaches such as full-scale FE analysis, and homogenization based $FE^2$ analysis. This approach has tremendous potential in efficient multiscale analysis of complex heterogeneous materials, with applications in uncertainty quantification, design, and optimization.
Reconfigurable Computing Applied to Latency Reduction for the Tactile Internet
Creators: name: Junior, José C. V. S.
name: Torquato, Matheus F.
name: Mahmoodi, Toktam
name: Dohler, Mischa
name: Fernandes, Marcelo A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Tactile internet applications allow robotic devices to be remotely controlled over a communication medium with an unnoticeable time delay. In a bilateral communication, the acceptable round trip latency is usually in the order of 1ms up to 10ms depending on the application requirements. It is estimated that 70% of the total latency is generated by the communication network, and the remaining 30% is produced by master and slave devices. Thus, this paper aims to propose a strategy to reduce 30% of the total latency that is produced by such devices. The strategy is to apply reconfigurable computation using FPGAs to minimize the execution time of device-associated algorithms. With this in mind, this work presents a hardware reference model for modules that implement nonlinear positioning and force calculations as well as a tactile system formed by two robotic manipulators. In addition to presenting the implementation details, simulations and experimental tests are performed in order to validate the proposed model. Results associated with the FPGA sampling rate, throughput, latency, and post-synthesis occupancy area are analyzed.
description: 20 pages, 32 Figures
Trans-Planckian censorship and spacetime singularities
Creators: name: Cotsakis, Spiros
name: Miritzis, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of trans-planckian censorship conjecture (TCC) bounds on geodesic completeness of spacetime and the associated existence for an infinite proper time. Using Gronwall's lemma, TCC bounds can be derived directly, leading to a result about the absence of blowup solutions. We show that the TCC provides part of the required criteria for geodesic completeness, and we then provide the remaining ones - the norm of the extrinsic curvature being bounded away from zero. We also discuss the importance of these results for the classical evolution of Friedmann universes under the assumptions of global and regular hyperbolicity.
description: v2: 11 pages, minor corrections, added references, matches published version