cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Biodegradable Texturing Chemistries for Crystalline Si
Creators: name: George, M.
name: Bohling, D.
name: Treichel, H.
name: Goldstein, A.
name: Kern, W.
name: Potter Jr., B.G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1105-1108
description: The cost of chemical waste disposal is high and the PV industry is discovering ways to eliminate
harmful waste and its associated costs. In this paper we report on the results of exploring biodegradable chemistries
that are useful for texturing c-Si substrates. We have found the role of additives to the texturing c-Si texturing
chemistry to be three-fold. First the addition of additives stabilizes bath chemistry increasing the number of wafers
processed in each bath turn, while at the same time decreasing reflectivity by providing more homogenous
generation of texturing features. Finally these additives are now formulated to sequester efficiency-robbing
transition metals like iron, chrome, nickel and copper that when present on a silicon wafer surface adversely
influence the efficiency of the resulting PV devices. The additives come at a relatively high cost and while used in
small quantities can be quite toxic to waste water streams. In the course of this investigation we were able to
distinguish the efficiency improvement of the sequestering function and improved texturing function of several
texturing additives. The efficiency gain by improved light trapping from texturing on nominally 18% efficient c-Si
solar cells was determined to be about 0.4 % absolute. The removal of the transition metals offers another 0.15 to
0.25% efficiency improvement, but that gain comes from the use of fully biodegradable and non-toxic systems.
Cosmological Perturbation Theory in Slow-Roll Spacetimes
Creators: name: Losic, B.
name: Unruh, W. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a gauge invariant argument that a nonlocal measure of second-order metric and matter perturbations dominate that of linear fluctuations in its effect on the gravitational field in 'slow-rolling' spacetimes.
description: Version accepted by PRL (however, with correct non PRL format for arxiv posting). Clarified and expanded
Additional file 1 of Efficacy and safety of a self-developed home-based enhanced knee flexion exercise program compared with standard supervised physiotherapy to improve mobility and quality of life after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized control study
Creators: name: Xu, Tianyang
name: Yang, Dong
name: Liu, Kaiyuan
name: Gao, Qiuming
name: Lu, Hengli
name: Qiao, Yue
name: Zhu, Chunyan
name: Li, Guodong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. The Guide of Low Stool Assisted Home Exercise after Total Knee Arthroplasty.
TRIS II: search for CMB spectral distortions at 0.60, 0.82 and 2.5 GHz
Creators: name: Gervasi, M.
name: Zannoni, M.
name: Tartari, A.
name: Boella, G.
name: Sironi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the TRIS experiment we have performed absolute measurements of the sky brightness in a sky circle at $δ= +42^{\circ}$ at the frequencies $ν=$ 0.60, 0.82 and 2.5 GHz. In this paper we discuss the techniques used to separate the different contributions to the sky emission and give an evaluation of the absolute temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background. For the black-body temperature of the CMB we get: $T_{cmb}^{th}=(2.837 \pm 0.129 \pm 0.066)K$ at $ν=0.60$ GHz; $T_{cmb}^{th}=(2.803 \pm 0.051 ^{+0.430} _{-0.300})K$ at $ν=0.82$ GHz; $T_{cmb}^{th}=(2.516 \pm 0.139 \pm 0.284)K$ at $ν=2.5$ GHz. The first error bar is statistic (1$σ$) while the second one is systematic. These results represent a significant improvement with respect to the previous measurements. We have also set new limits to the free-free distortions, $ -6.3 \times 10^{-6} < Y_{ff} < 12.6 \times 10^{-6}$, and slightly improved the Bose-Einstein upper limit, $|μ| < 6 \times 10^{-5}$, both at 95% confidence level.
description: accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Semiclassical approach to the nonlocal kinetic model of metal vapor active media
Creators: name: Shapovalov, Alexander V.
name: Kulagin, Anton E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 45K05, 81Q20, 82B40, 82D10

description: A semiclassical approach based on the WKB-Maslov method is developed for the kinetic ionization equation in dense plasma with approximations characteristic of metal vapor active media excited by a contracted discharge. We develop the technique for constructing the leading term of the semiclassical asymptotics of the Cauchy problem solution for the kinetic equation under the supposition of weak diffusion. In terms of the approach developed, the local cubic nonlinear term in the original kinetic equation is considered in a nonlocal form. This allows one to transform the nonlinear nonlocal kinetic equation to an associated linear partial differential equation with a given accuracy of the asymptotic parameter using the dynamical system of moments of the desired solution of the equation. The Cauchy problem solution for the nonlinear nonlocal kinetic equation can be obtained from the solution of the associated linear partial differential equation and some algebraic equations for the coefficients of the linear equation. Within the developed approach, the plasma relaxation in metal vapor active media is studied with asymptotic solutions expressed in terms of higher transcendental functions. The qualitative analysis of such the solutions is given.
description: v2: 25 pages, 3 figures, minor improvements, the article is published in Mathematics
Optimierung und Anwendung 1H-13C-korrelierter Experimente der Kernspinresonanzspektroskopie zur Quantifizierung lebensmittelrelevanter Mono- und Oligosaccharide
Creators: name: Fels, Lea
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021

description: Die Quantifizierung ernährungsphysiologisch relevanter Mono- und Disaccharide in Lebensmitteln erfolgt überwiegend über enzymatische Methoden, die als §64-Methoden etabliert sind. Dabei können allerdings maximal drei Analyten gleichzeitig quantifiziert werden, wodurch die Durchführung der Methoden sehr zeitaufwändig werden kann. Zur beschleunigten Bestimmung von Mono- und Disacchariden wurden deshalb alternative Methoden entwickelt und deren Leistungsfähigkeit überprüft. Neben der Hochleistungsanionenaustauschchromatographie mit gepulst amperometrischer Detektion (HPAEC-PAD) wurden auch Experimente der Kernspinresonanzspektroskopie (NMR-Spektroskopie) etabliert. Ein getestetes Protonenexperiment mit Wasserunterdrückung kann aufgrund vieler Signalüberlappungen im Spektrum lediglich wenige Mono- und Disaccharide gleichzeitig quantifizieren. Durch die Etablierung von Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence (HSQC)-Experimenten und der erhöhten Auflösung der zweidimensionalen Spektren ist es möglich viele, lebensmittelrelevante Analyten gleichzeitig zu quantifizieren. HSQC-Experimente wurden aufgrund ihrer langen Analysenzeiten mit verschiedenen Methoden zur Messzeitreduktion kombiniert, wie der Verkürzung des D1-Delays und Non-Uniform Sampling. Durch die Kombination beider Ansätze kann die Quantifizierung in 30 min pro Messung erfolgen. Zusätzlich wurde eine mögliche Verwendung der Acceleration by Sharing Adjacent Polarization (ASAP)-HSQC-Pulssequenz getestet, die die sich durch eine kurze Messzeit von wenigen Minuten sowie durch eine erhöhte Auflösung auszeichnet. Sowohl die HSQC-Methoden mit verkürztem D1-Delay und NUS-Kopplung sowie die ASAP-HSQC-Methoden mit NUS-Kopplung konnten erfolgreich zur Quantifizierung von D-Glucose, D-Galactose, D-Fructose, Saccharose, Lactose, Maltose und Isomaltulose in verschiedenen Matrices angewandt werden. Die analytische Trennung von Oligosacchariden ist aufgrund ihrer großen strukturellen Ähnlichkeiten oft schwierig. Die Mitglieder der sogenannten Raffinose-Familie Raffinose, Stachyose und Verbascose unterscheiden sich lediglich in jeweils einer Monosaccharideinheit voneinander und kommen vor allem in Leguminosen vor. HPAEC-PAD kann verwendet werden, um die Oligosaccharide chromatographisch zu trennen und zu quantifizieren. Eine schnellere Möglichkeit bietet ein in der 13C-Dimension optimiertes ASAP-HSQC-Experiment. Die Oligosaccharide der Raffinose-Familie konnten bei Anwendung der optimierten Methode richtig und präzise nach Extraktion aus dem Ausgangsmaterial quantifiziert werden. Die entwickelten HSQC-Methoden konnten somit erfolgreich zur Quantifizierung von Mono- und Oligosacchariden in verschiedenen Lebensmittelmatrices eingesetzt werden. Dabei bestehen je nach individueller Anwendung sowohl Möglichkeiten zur Messzeitreduktion als auch zur Verbesserung der Auflösung.
title: Investigating the role of osmotic stress on fungal immune evasion
Creators: name: Lloyd, Catrina
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2025

description: Candida albicans is a commensal fungus of the urogenital and GI tract. However in immunocompromised hosts and those with microbiome dysbiosis, C. albicans can outcompete the immune system and break through physical barriers causing infections. Adaptations to host environmental stresses are vital for maintaining pathogenicity and survival. During systemic infections, C. albicans targets the kidney, where the pathogen is exposed to osmotic stress. Here, we investigate how adaptations of C. albicans to osmotic stress impacts the host-pathogen interaction. C. albicans underwent osmotic stress induced immune evasion, however this phenotype was not observed in all clinical isolates. Further investigation found that osmotic stress induced immune evasion is dependent on the inactivation of RNA interference. Osmotic stress induced immune evasion was also observed in Candida tropicalis, which has previously been described as RNAi inactive. AP-1 like transcription factor Cap1, known for playing a role in C. albicans oxidative stress and combinatorial stress response, was found to be required for osmotic stress induced immune evasion. Using DESeq2 analysis, differentially regulated Cap1 dependent genes were identified, and AQY1, HWP1 and EBP1 were implicated in the osmotic stress induced immune evasion. Our findings show that osmotic stress induces immune evasion in C. albicans cells that lack RNAi functionality occurs in a Cap1-dependent manner.
Internal states of model isotropic granular packings. I. Assembling process, geometry and contact networks
Creators: name: Agnolin, Ivana
name: Roux, Jean-Noël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first paper of a series of three, reporting on numerical simulation studies of geometric and mechanical properties of static assemblies of spherical beads under an isotropic pressure. Frictionless systems assemble in the unique random close packing (RCP) state in the low pressure limit if the compression process is fast enough, slower processes inducing traces of crystallization, and exhibit specific properties directly related to isostaticity of the force-carrying structure. The different structures of frictional packings assembled by various methods cannot be classified by the sole density. While lubricated systems approach RCP densities and coordination number z^*~=6 on the backbone in the rigid limit, an idealized "vibration" procedure results in equally dense configurations with z^*~=4.5. Near neighbor correlations on various scales are computed and compared to available laboratory data, although z^* values remain experimentally inaccessible. Low coordination packings have many rattlers (more than 10% of the grains carry no force), which should be accounted for on studying position correlations, and a small proportion of harmless "floppy modes" associated with divalent grains. Frictional packings, however slowly assembled under low pressure, retain a finite level of force indeterminacy, except in the limit of infinite friction.
description: 29 pages. Published in Physical Review E
Additional file 1 of Rapid review of COVID-19 epidemic estimation studies for Iran
Creators: name: Pourmalek, Farshad
name: Hemami, Mohsen Rezaei
name: Janani, Leila
name: Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Appendix Text 1. Search syntax used in PubMed. Appendix Text 2. Details of studies’ scenario. Appendix Table 1. Predictions of cumulative cases for the end of months one to six after the official epidemic start date (2020-02-19) and the latest date available in 2020. Appendix Table 2. Predictions of daily deaths at end of months one to six after the official epidemic start date (2020-02-19) and the latest date available in 2020. Appendix Table 3. Predictions of daily cases for the end of months one to six after the official epidemic start date (2020-02-19) and the latest date available in 2020. Appendix Table 4. Predictions of epidemic peak dates and values of outcomes. Appendix Table 5. Predictions of epidemic control dates and values of outcomes. Appendix Figure 1. PRISMA 2009 study flow diagram. Appendix Figure 2. Officially reported cumulative confirmed cases, deaths, and recovered cases of COVID-19 in Iran. Appendix Figure 3. Reported daily confirmed cases, deaths, and recovered cases of COVID-19 in Iran. Appendix Figure 4. Reported and median-scenario estimated daily prevalent cases of COVID-19 in Iran, including predictions by Saberi. Appendix Figure 5. Reported and median-scenario estimated daily prevalent case of COVID-19 in Iran, without predictions by Saberi. Appendix Figure 6. Reported and worst-scenario estimated cumulative deaths of COVID-19 in Iran, including predictions by Mashayekhi. Appendix Figure 7. Reported and worst-scenario estimated cumulative deaths of COVID-19 in Iran, without predictions by Mashayekhi. Appendix Figure 8. Reported and current (median) scenario estimated cumulative deaths of COVID-19 in Iran, International studies.
Estimation of Cell-to-Module Power Loss from Mini-Module on Selective Emitter Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Yu, I.-S.
name: Lin, Y.-S.
name: Tseng, T.-C.
name: Chiang, T.F.
name: Tsai, R.
name: Ku, C.-H.
name: Lee, J.-J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3465-3467
description: In this work, we report a very efficient and low-cost method to estimate the cell-to-module (CTM)
power loss of 60-cell module from one-cell module. Moreover, we compare two different kinds of Selective Emitter
(SE) solar cell with Homogeneous Emitter (HE) solar cell. According to one baseline experiment of real 60-cell PV
module, one model is built to qualitatively estimate PV module performance from one-cell level by considering
optical effect and electrical effect. In this case, we compare two different kinds of SE cells and one HE cell. SE cells
with higher blue response have higher CTM power loss after module due to the higher absorption in the short
wavelength range of encapsulated materials.
On the band-width of stable nonlinear stripe patterns in finite size systems
Creators: name: Ruppert, Mirko
name: Zimmermann, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear stripe patterns occur in many different systems, from the small scales of biological cells to geological scales as cloud patterns. They all share the universal property of being stable at different wavenumbers $q$, i.e., they are multistable. The stable wavenumber range of the stripe patterns, which is limited by the Eckhaus- and zigzag instabilities even in finite systems for several boundary conditions, increases with decreasing system size. This enlargement comes about because suppressing degrees of freedom from the two instabilities goes along with the system reduction, and the enlargement depends on the boundary conditions, as we show analytically and numerically with the generic Swift-Hohenberg (SH) model and the universal Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation. We also describe how, in very small system sizes, any periodic pattern that emerges from the basic state is simultaneously stable in certain parameter ranges, which is especially important for Turing pattern in cells. In addition, we explain why below a certain system width stripe pattern behave quasi-one-dimensional in two-dimensional systems. Furthermore, we show with numerical simulations of the SH model in medium-sized rectangular domains how unstable stripe patterns evolve via the zigzag instability differently into stable patterns for different combinations of boundary conditions.
Effect of Solution Concentration Ratio on PCPDTBT:PC70BM Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Wright, M.
name: Yang, X.
name: Caragay, F.
name: Uddin, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Organic-based PV

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2893-2896
description: This work represents a systematic evaluation of the effect of solution concentration ratio on the
performance of Poly[2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyl[4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene-2,6-
diyl]] (PCPDTBT) and [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells.
PCPDTBT was chosen as it has a low band gap, which is a necessity for polymer solar cells to extend the useable portion
of the solar spectrum into the IR range. Increasing polymer loading was found to increase the absorption, particularly for
longer wavelengths, for which the polymer dominates absorption. Conversely, increasing fullerene content improves
charge carrier conduction, and thus, a fundamental trade-off is established. Electronic characterisation by external
quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements revealed the optimum polymer:fullerene ratio to be 2:7. This is due to the
interplay between absorption and charge transport.
The evolution of stars in the Taurus-Auriga T association
Creators: name: Bertout, C.
name: Siess, L.
name: Cabrit, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent study, individual parallaxes were determined for many stars of the Taurus-Auriga T association that are members of the same moving group. We use these new parallaxes to re-address the issue of the relationship between classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) and weak-emission line T Tauri stars (WTTSs). With the available spectroscopic and photometric information for 72 individual stars or stellar systems among the Taurus-Auriga objects with known parallaxes, we derived reliable photospheric luminosities, mainly from the Ic magnitude of these objects. We then studied the mass and age distributions of the stellar sample, using pre-main sequence evolutionary models to determine the basic properties of the stellar sample. Statistical tests and Monte Carlo simulations were then applied to studying the properties of the two T Tauri subclasses. We find that the probability of CTTS and WTTS samples being drawn from the same parental age and mass distributions is low; CTTSs are, on average, younger than WTTSs. They are also less massive, but this is due to selection effects. The observed mass and age distributions of both T Tauri subclasses can be understood in the framework of a simple disk evolution model, assuming that the CTTSs evolve into WTTSs when their disks are fully accreted by the stars. According to this empirical model, the average disk lifetime in Taurus-Auriga is 4 10**6 (Mstar/Msun)**0.75 yr.
description: accepted by A&A Letters
Well-mixed Lotka-Volterra model with random strongly competitive interactions
Creators: name: Lorenzana, Giulia Garcia
name: Altieri, Ada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The random Lotka-Volterra model is widely used to describe the dynamical and thermodynamic features of ecological communities. In this work, we consider random symmetric interactions between species and analyze the strongly competitive interaction case. We investigate different scalings for the distribution of the interactions with the number of species and try to bridge the gap with previous works. Our results show two different behaviors for the mean abundance at zero and finite temperature respectively, with a continuous crossover between the two. We confirm and extend previous results obtained for weak interactions: at zero temperature, even in the strong competitive interaction limit, the system is in a multiple-equilibria phase, whereas at finite temperature only a unique stable equilibrium can exist. Finally, we establish the qualitative phase diagrams in both cases and compare the two species abundance distributions.
description: 17 pages. In the main text: 10 pages, 6 figures
Growth of Epitaxial Germanium Thin Films at Low Temperature by Reactive Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Tao, K.
name: Wang, J.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Kurosawa, Y.
name: Hanna, J.-I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 314-317
description: The authors report the epitaxial growth of germanium (epi-Ge) thin films on Si(100) substrate at low substrate temperature of 350oC using reactive thermal chemical vapor deposition. Si2H6 and GeF4 are used as source gases. The influences of gas pressure and gas flow ratio of Si2H6/GeF4 on the properties of epi-Ge are investigated. The results indicate that low pressure leads to Stranski-Krastanov growth mode in which pyramidal structures
develop on the surface of epi-Ge film, and, the size of pyramids as well as the surface RMS roughness can be reduced by increasing the gas pressure. Both the content of Ge and the crystallinity of the epitaxial films can be enhanced by increasing gas pressure and/or decreasing gas flow ratio of Si2H6/GeF4. The RMS roughness of epi-Ge films can be decreased largely when the gas flow ratio is lower than 3.0. The change of surface morphology is proved to be
correlated with the reaction between GeF4 and the growth surface of films. By increasing gas pressure to 8.0torr and decreasing the gas flow ratio to 2.0, for 1.21μm-thick epi-Ge films, a threading dislocation density of ~7.0×105cm-2 is achieved, along with a surface RMS roughness of ~2.0nm.
Non-flow correlations and elliptic flow fluctuations in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200GeV
Creators: name: PHOBOS Collaboration
name: Alver, B.
name: Back, B. B.
name: Baker, M. D.
name: Ballintijn, M.
name: Barton, D. S.
name: Betts, R. R.
name: Bickley, A. A.
name: Bindel, R.
name: Busza, W.
name: Carroll, A.
name: Chai, Z.
name: Chetluru, V.
name: Decowski, M. P.
name: Garcia, E.
name: Gburek, T.
name: George, N.
name: Gulbrandsen, K.
name: Halliwell, C.
name: Hamblen, J.
name: Harnarine, I.
name: Hauer, M.
name: Henderson, C.
name: Hofman, D. J.
name: Hollis, R. S.
name: Holyinski, R.
name: Holzman, B.
name: Iordanova, A.
name: Johnson, E.
name: Kane, J. L.
name: Khan, N.
name: Kulinich, P.
name: Kuo, C. M.
name: Li, W.
name: Lin, W. T.
name: Loizides, C.
name: Manly, S.
name: Mignerey, A. C.
name: Nouicer, R.
name: Olszewski, A.
name: Pak, R.
name: Reed, C.
name: Richardson, E.
name: Roland, C.
name: Roland, G.
name: Sagerer, J.
name: Seals, H.
name: Sedykh, I.
name: Smith, C. E.
name: Stankiewicz, M. A.
name: Steinberg, P.
name: Stephans, G. S. F.
name: Sukhanov, A.
name: Szostak, A.
name: Tonjes, M. B.
name: Trzupek, A.
name: Vale, C.
name: van Nieuwenhuizen, G. J.
name: Vaurynovich, S. S.
name: Verdier, R.
name: Veres, G. I.
name: Walters, P.
name: Wenger, E.
name: Willhelm, D.
name: Wolfs, F. L. H.
name: Wosiek, B.
name: Wozniak, K.
name: Wyngaardt, S.
name: Wyslouch, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results on event-by-event elliptic flow fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions corrected for effects of non-flow correlations where the magnitude of non-flow correlations has been independently measured in data. Over the measured range in centrality, we see large relative fluctuations of 25-50%. The results are consistent with predictions from both color glass condensate and Glauber type initial condition calculations of the event-by-event participant eccentricity fluctuations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Quark Matter 2008 Proceedings
Neutron interferometry and tests of short-range modifications of gravity
Creators: name: Rocha, J. M.
name: Dahia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider tests of short-distance modifications of gravity based on neutron interferometry in the scenario of large extra dimensions. Avoiding the non-computability problem in the calculation of the internal gravitational potential of extended sources, typical of models with zero-width brane, we determine the neutron optical potential associated with the higher-dimension gravitational interaction between the incident neutron and a material medium in the context of thick brane theories. Proceeding this way, we identify the physical quantity of the extra dimension model that the neutron interferometry is capable of constraining. We also consider interferometric experiments in which the phase shifter is an electric field, as in the test of the Aharanov-Casher effect. We argue that this experiment, with this non-baryonic source, can be viewed as a test of the short-range behavior of Post-Newtonian parameters that measure the capacity of the pressure and the internal energy for producing gravity.
Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Cross-Resolution Person Re-identification
Creators: name: Zhang, Guoqing
name: Ge, Yu
name: Dong, Zhicheng
name: Wang, Hao
name: Zheng, Yuhui
name: Chen, Shengyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Person re-identification (re-ID) tackles the problem of matching person images with the same identity from different cameras. In practical applications, due to the differences in camera performance and distance between cameras and persons of interest, captured person images usually have various resolutions. We name this problem as Cross-Resolution Person Re-identification which brings a great challenge for matching correctly. In this paper, we propose a Deep High-Resolution Pseudo-Siamese Framework (PS-HRNet) to solve the above problem. Specifically, in order to restore the resolution of low-resolution images and make reasonable use of different channel information of feature maps, we introduce and innovate VDSR module with channel attention (CA) mechanism, named as VDSR-CA. Then we reform the HRNet by designing a novel representation head to extract discriminating features, named as HRNet-ReID. In addition, a pseudo-siamese framework is constructed to reduce the difference of feature distributions between low-resolution images and high-resolution images. The experimental results on five cross-resolution person datasets verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our proposed PS-HRNet improves 3.4\%, 6.2\%, 2.5\%,1.1\% and 4.2\% at Rank-1 on MLR-Market-1501, MLR-CUHK03, MLR-VIPeR, MLR-DukeMTMC-reID, and CAVIAR datasets, respectively. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/zhguoqing}.
description: 12 pages
On system rollback and totalised fields
Creators: name: Burgess, Mark
name: Couch, Alva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.0; I.1.0; H.0; K.6.4

description: In system operations it is commonly assumed that arbitrary changes to a system can be reversed or `rolled back', when errors of judgement and procedure occur. We point out that this view is flawed and provide an alternative approach to determining the outcome of changes. Convergent operators are fixed-point generators that stem from the basic properties of multiplication by zero. They are capable of yielding a repeated and predictable outcome even in an incompletely specified or `open' system. We formulate such `convergent operators' for configuration change in the language of groups and rings and show that, in this form, the problem of convergent reversibility becomes equivalent to the `division by zero' problem. Hence, we discuss how recent work by Bergstra and Tucker on zero-totalised fields helps to clear up long-standing confusion about the options for `rollback' in change management.
Additional file 2 of Preoperative nutritional risk index and postoperative one-year skeletal muscle loss can predict the prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma: a registry-based study
Creators: name: Kim, Kyung Won
name: Koeun Lee
name: Jung-Bok Lee
name: Taeyong Park
name: Seungwoo Khang
name: Heeryeol Jeong
name: Chang-Seok Ko
name: Jeong-Hwan Yook
name: Byung-Sik Kim
name: Lee, In-Seob
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary Table S1. Changes in body composition and nutritional parameters measured before and 1 year after surgery. Supplementary Table S2. Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics of stage 2 and 3 gastric cancer patients based on NRI and dSMI.
Dynamics of Uniaxial-to-Biaxial Nematics Switching in Suspensions of Hard Cuboids
Creators: name: Rafael, Effran Mirzad
name: Tonti, Luca
name: Corbett, Daniel
name: Cuetos, Alejandro
name: Patti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field-induced reorientation of colloidal particles is especially relevant to manipulate the optical properties of a nanomaterial for target applications. We have recently shown that surprisingly feeble external stimuli are able to transform uniaxial nematic liquid crystals (LCs) of cuboidal particles into biaxial nematic LCs. In the light of these results, here we apply an external field that forces the reorientation of colloidal cuboids in nematic LCs and sparks a uniaxial-to-biaxial texture switching. By Dynamic Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate the unsteady-state reorientation dynamics at the particle scale when the field is applied (uniaxial-to-biaxial switching) and then removed (biaxial-to-uniaxial switching). We detect a strong correlation between the response time, being the time taken for the system to reorient, and particle anisotropy, which spans from rod-like to plate-like geometries. Interestingly, self-dual shaped cuboids, theoretically considered as the most suitable to promote phase biaxiality for being exactly in between prolate and oblate particles, exhibit surprisingly slow response times, especially if compared to prolate cuboids.
description: The following article has been accepted by Physics of Fluids
Additional file 1 of Estimation and determinants of direct medical costs of ischaemic heart disease, stroke and hypertensive heart disease: evidence from two major hospitals in Cameroon
Creators: name: Aminde, Leopold Ndemnge
name: Dzudie, Anastase
name: Yacouba N. Mapoure
name: Tantchou, Jacques Cabral
name: J. Lennert Veerman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1 Table S1 Distribution of study participants by town and region of residence according to hospital. Table S2. Comparison of the mean annual costs for ischaemic heart disease per patient between the two study hospitals (Doula General Hospital and Shisong Cardiac Centre) by cost components, 2013–2017, Cameroon. Table S3. Comparison of the mean annual costs for ischaemic stroke per patient between the two study hospitals (Doula General Hospital and Shisong Cardiac Centre) by cost components, 2013–2017, Cameroon. Table S4. Comparison of the mean annual costs for haemorrhagic stroke per patient between the two study hospitals (Doula General Hospital and Shisong Cardiac Centre) by cost components, 2013–2017, Cameroon. Table S5. Comparison of the mean annual costs for hypertensive heart disease per patient between the two study hospitals (Doula General Hospital and Shisong Cardiac Centre) by cost components, 2013–2017, Cameroon. Table S6. Comparison of mean annual costs for various CVDs per patient by region of residence, for patients at the Shisong Cardiac Centre, 2013–2017. Table S7. Comparison of mean annual costs for various CVDs per patient by region of residence, for patients at the Douala General Hospital, 2013–2017.
Additional file 1 of Barriers, enablers, and opportunities for organisational follow-up of workplace violence from the perspective of emergency department nurses: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Thomas, Brodie
name: McGillion, Anthony
name: Edvardsson, Kristina
name: O’Meara, Peter
name: Vuuren, Julia Van
name: Spelten, Evelien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
2D to 3D transition in soap films demonstrated by microrheology
Creators: name: Prasad, V.
name: Weeks, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We follow the diffusive motion of colloidal particles of diameter $d$ in soap films of varying thickness $h$ with fluorescence microscopy. Diffusion constants are obtained both from one- and two-particle microrheological measurements of particle motion in these films. These diffusion constants are related to the surface viscosity of the interfaces comprising the soap films, by means of the Trapeznikov approximation [A. A. Trapeznikov, \emph{PICSA} (1957)] and Saffman's equation for diffusion in a 2D fluid. Unphysical values of the surface viscosity are found for thick soap films ($h/d > 7$), indicating a transition from 2D to 3D behavior.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, resubmitted to PRL
First detection of a disk free of volatile elements around a young A-type star: A sign of collisions between rocky planets?
Creators: name: Ancker, M. E. van den
name: Fusillo, N. P. Gentile
name: Haworth, T. J.
name: Manara, C. F.
name: Miles-Páez, P. A.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: Panic, O.
name: de la Roche, D. J. M. Petit dit
name: Petr-Gotzens, M. G.
name: Vioque, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present the first detailed analysis of the astrophysical parameters of the poorly studied Sco-Cen member HD 152384 and its circumstellar environment. Methods. We analyze newly obtained optical-near-IR XSHOOTER spectra, as well as archival TESS data, of HD 152384. In addition, we use literature photometric data to construct a detailed spectral energy distribution (SED) of the star. Results. The photospheric absorption lines in the spectrum of HD 152384 are characteristic of a A0 V star, for which we derive a stellar mass of 2.1 +/- 0.1 M_sun and a stellar age > 4.5 Myr. Superimposed on the photospheric absorption, the optical spectrum also displays double-peaked emission lines of Ca II, Fe I, Mg I and Si I, typical of circumstellar disks. Notably, all Hydrogen and Helium lines appear strictly in absorption. A toy model shows that the observed emission line profiles can be reproduced by emission from a compact (radius < 0.3 au) disk seen at an inclination of ~24 degrees. Further evidence for the presence of circumstellar material comes from the detection of a moderate infrared excess in the SED, similar to those found in extreme debris disk systems. Conclusions. We conclude that HD 152384 is surrounded by a tenuous circumstellar disk which, although rich in refractory elements, is highly depleted of volatile elements. To the best of our knowledge such a disk is unique within the group of young stars. However, it is reminiscent of the disks seen in some white dwarfs, which have been attributed to the disruption of rocky planets. We suggest that the disk around HD 152384 may have a similar origin and may be due to collisions in a newly formed planetary system.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Stochastic population dynamics in turbulent fields
Creators: name: Vainstein, M. H.
name: Rubi, J. M.
name: Vilar, J. M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of interacting populations typically displays irregular temporal and spatial patterns that are difficult to reconcile with an underlying deterministic dynamics. A classical example is the heterogeneous distribution of plankton communities, which has been observed to be patchy over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we use plankton communities as prototype systems to present theoretical approaches for the analysis of the combined effects of turbulent advection and stochastic growth in the spatiotemporal dynamics of the population. Incorporation of these two factors into mathematical models brings an extra level of realism to the description and leads to better agreement with experimental data than that of previously proposed models based on reaction-diffusion equations.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to EPJ Special Topics
Hybrid PV-Wind-FC System
Creators: name: El-Shater, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4331-4334
description: The increased use of renewable energy could reduce the burning of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, and natural gas), eliminating associated air-pollution and green house gases emissions, and contributing to national energy independence and economic and political security. The application of the photovoltaic (PV)  wind  fuel cell (FC) energies resources will supply the energy requirements for the remote area, and will help for the sustainable development of the rural areas such as the Sahara desert in Egypt. In this paper such system will be studied, modeled and simulated. The
simulation results indicate that the system can be modular size according to the available investments.
Counterexamples to the maximal p-norm multiplicativity conjecture for all p > 1
Creators: name: Hayden, Patrick
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For all p > 1, we demonstrate the existence of quantum channels with non-multiplicative maximal output p-norms. Equivalently, for all p >1, the minimum output Renyi entropy of order p of a quantum channel is not additive. The violations found are large; in all cases, the minimum output Renyi entropy of order p for a product channel need not be significantly greater than the minimum output entropy of its individual factors. Since p=1 corresponds to the von Neumann entropy, these counterexamples demonstrate that if the additivity conjecture of quantum information theory is true, it cannot be proved as a consequence of any channel-independent guarantee of maximal p-norm multiplicativity. We also show that a class of channels previously studied in the context of approximate encryption lead to counterexamples for all p > 2.
description: Merger of arXiv:0707.0402 and arXiv:0707.3291 containing new and improved analysis of counterexamples. 17 pages
Comparisons between Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon-Germanium Alloy Films
Creators: name: Chang, C.-W.
name: Matsui, T.
name: Kondo, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2113-2116
description: We report on neutral dangling bonds and electrical properties of intentionally undoped silicongermanium
alloy films. The paramagnetic spins and majority carriers are related to Si-Ge alloys composition and
deposited temperature. The result was used to investigate the respective contribution of Si-DB and Ge-DB in
amorphous and microcrystalline Si-Ge alloy films. We show a superior relation between spin densities and carrier
concentrations in μc-Si1-xGex:H deposited at various growth temperature. We suppose that for Ge-rich μc-Si1-xGex:H
films showing strong p-type conductivity and highly carrier concentrations an acceptor state is generated in the band
gap by Ge incorporation.
Photon wave mechanics and position eigenvectors
Creators: name: Hawton, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One and two photon wave functions are derived by projecting the quantum state vector onto simultaneous eigenvectors of the number operator and a recently constructed photon position operator [Phys. Rev A 59, 954 (1999)] that couples spin and orbital angular momentum. While only the Landau-Peierls wave function defines a positive definite photon density, a similarity transformation to a biorthogonal field-potential pair of positive frequency solutions of Maxwell's equations preserves eigenvalues and expectation values. We show that this real space description of photons is compatible with all of the usual rules of quantum mechanics and provides a framework for understanding the relationships amongst different forms of the photon wave function in the literature. It also gives a quantum picture of the optical angular momentum of beams that applies to both one photon and coherent states. According to the rules of qunatum mechanics, this wave function gives the probability to count a photon at any position in space.
description: 14 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev. A
The Perturbed Prox-Preconditioned SPIDER algorithm for EM-based large scale learning
Creators: name: Fort, Gersende
name: Moulines, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Incremental Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithms were introduced to design EM for the large scale learning framework by avoiding the full data set to be processed at each iteration. Nevertheless, these algorithms all assume that the conditional expectations of the sufficient statistics are explicit. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm named Perturbed Prox-Preconditioned SPIDER (3P-SPIDER), which builds on the Stochastic Path Integral Differential EstimatoR EM (SPIDER-EM) algorithm. The 3P-SPIDER algorithm addresses many intractabilities of the E-step of EM; it also deals with non-smooth regularization and convex constraint set. Numerical experiments show that 3P-SPIDER outperforms other incremental EM methods and discuss the role of some design parameters.
Superfluid Heat Conduction and the Cooling of Magnetized Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Aguilera, Deborah N.
name: Cirigliano, Vincenzo
name: Pons, José A.
name: Reddy, Sanjay
name: Sharma, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a new mechanism for heat conduction in the neutron star crust. We find that collective modes of superfluid neutron matter, called superfluid phonons (sPhs), can influence heat conduction in magnetized neutron stars. They can dominate the heat conduction transverse to magnetic field when the magnetic field $B \gsim 10^{13}$ G. At density $ρ\simeq 10^{12}-10^{14} $ g/cm$^3$ the conductivity due to sPhs is significantly larger than that due to lattice phonons and is comparable to electron conductivity when temperature $\simeq 10^8$ K. This new mode of heat conduction can limit the surface anisotropy in highly magnetized neutron stars. Cooling curves of magnetized neutron stars with and without superfluid heat conduction could show observationally discernible differences.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Editorial: Mensch-Computer- Interaktion und Social Computing in sicherheitskritischen Systemen
Creators: name: Reuter, Christian
name: Mentler, Tilo
name: Geisler, Stefan
name: Herczeg, Michael
name: Ludwig, Thomas
name: Pipek, Volkmar
name: Nestler, Simon
name: Sautter, Johannes
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2021

description: Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion in sicherheitskritischen Systemen ist ein für die Informatik und die jeweiligen Anwendungsdomänen in der Bedeutung weiter zunehmendes Thema. Dieser Workshop der GI-Fachgruppe „Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion in sicherheitskritischen Systemen“ innerhalb des Fachbereichs Mensch-Computer-Interaktion soll aktuelle Entwicklungen und Fragestellungen offenlegen und neue Impulse für das Forschungsgebiet geben.