cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Built and socioeconomic environments: patterning and associations with physical activity in U.S. adolescents
Creators: name: Evenson, Kelly
name: Song, Yan
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background Inter-relationships among built and socioeconomic environmental characteristics may result in confounding of associations between environment exposure measures and health behaviors or outcomes, but traditional multivariate adjustment can be inappropriate due to collinearity. Methods We used principal factor analysis to describe inter-relationships between a large set of Geographic Information System-derived built and socioeconomic environment measures for adolescents in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Wave I, 1995-96, n = 17,294). Using resulting factors in sex-stratified multivariate negative binomial regression models, we tested for confounding of associations between built and socioeconomic environment characteristics and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Finally, we used knowledge gained from factor analysis to construct replicable environmental measures that account for inter-relationships and avoid collinearity. Results Using factor analysis, we identified three built environment constructs [(1) homogenous landscape; 2) development intensity with high pay facility count; 3) development intensity with high public facility count] and two socioeconomic environment constructs [1) advantageous economic environment, 2) disadvantageous social environment]. In regression analysis, confounding of built environment-MVPA associations by socioeconomic environment factors was stronger than among built environment factors. In fully adjusted models, MVPA was negatively associated with the highest (versus lowest) quartile of homogenous land cover in males [exp(coeff) (95% CI): 0.91 (0.86, 0.96)] and intensity (pay facilities) [exp(coeff) (95% CI): 0.92 (0.85, 0.99)] in females. Single proxy measures (Simpson's diversity index, count of pay facilities, count of public facilities, median household income, and crime rate) representing each environmental construct replicated associations with MVPA. Conclusions Environmental characteristics are inter-related. Both built and SES environments should be incorporated into analysis in order to minimize confounding. Single environmental measures may be useful proxies for environmental constructs in longitudinal analysis and replication in external populations, but more research is needed to better understand mechanisms of action, and ultimately identify policy-relevant environmental determinants of physical activity.
title: Role of diffusion tensor MR imaging (DTI) and fiber tractography in preoperative assessment of brain tumours
Creators: name: Elkholy, Shaima
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To be aware of the MRI anatomy of the brain white matter tracts. To highlight the important role of DTI in preoperative assessment of the WM tracts in patients with brain tumors thus minimizing the injury of WM tracts and avoiding postoperative...
title: Clinical, radiological , diagnosis and treatment of diabetic mastopathy
Creators: name: Lopez, Yudy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Know the consequences that cause diabetes in the breast, your clinic and treatment. Learn the radiological features in the different techniques and anatomical and radiological...
In situ observation the interface undercooling of freezing colloidal suspensions with differential visualization method
Creators: name: You, Jiaxue
name: Wang, Lilin
name: Wang, Zhijun
name: Li, Junjie
name: Wang, Jincheng
name: Lin, Xin
name: Huang, Weidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interface undercooling is one of the most significant parameters in the solidification of colloidal suspensions. However, quantitative measurement of interface undercooling of colloidal suspensions is still a challenge. Here, a new experimental facility and gauging method are designed to directly reveal the interface undercooling on both static and dynamic cases. The interface undercooling is visualized through the discrepancy of solid/liquid interface positions between the suspensions and its solvent in a thermal gradient apparatus. The resolutions of the experimental facility and gauging method are proved to be 0.01 K. The high precision of the method comes from the principle of converting temperature measurement into distance measurement in the thermal gradient platform. Moreover, both static and dynamic interface undercoolings can be quantitatively measured.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 movies
title: New CT-Classification of Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis
Creators: name: Graeter, Tilmann
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: Parasites

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is transmitted to humans via the metacestode of the cyclophyllid tapeworm, Echinococcus multilocularis . Alveolar echinococcosis is the most dangerous human parasitosis in Europe. AE has to be delimited from the globally...
Application of next generation sequencing to CEPH cell lines to discover variants associated with FDA approved chemotherapeutics
Creators: name: McLeod, Howard L.
name: Wagner, Michael J
name: Havener, Tammy
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background The goal of this study was to perform candidate gene association with cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutics in cell line models through resequencing and discovery of rare and low frequency variants along with common variations. Here, an association study of cytotoxicity response to 30 FDA approved drugs was conducted and we applied next generation targeted sequencing technology to discover variants from 103 candidate genes in 95 lymphoblastoid cell lines from 14 CEPH pedigrees. In this article, we called variants across 95 cell lines and performed association analysis for cytotoxic response using the Family Based Association Testing method and software. Results We called 2281 variable SNP genotypes across the 103 genes for these cell lines and identified three genes of significant association within this marker set. Specifically, ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C, member 5 (ABCC5), metallothionein 1A (MT1A) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone1 (NQO1) were significantly associated with oxaliplatin drug response. The significant SNP on NQO1 (rs1800566) has been linked with poor survival rates in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin (which belongs to the same class of drugs as oxaliplatin). A SNP (rs1846692) near the 5′ region of MT1A was associated with arsenic trioxide. Conclusions The results from this study are promising and this serves as a proof-of-principle demonstration of the use of sequencing data in the cytotoxicity models of human cell lines. With increased sample sizes, such studies will be a fast and powerful way to associate common and rare variants with drug response; while overcoming the cost and time limitations to recruit cohorts for association study.
title: Role of imaging in the evaluation of aspergillosis
Creators: name: Elena Floriana, SPIRIDON
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mediastinum
subject: Lung
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Catheters
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pathology
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Image verification

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - To report and illustrate the contribution of computed tomography (CT) in characterizing these cavitary pulmonary lesions - To highlight the radiological findings that may help diagnosticate aspergillosis - To discuss the role of imaging in the...
The graviton Higgs mechanism
Creators: name: Arraut, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs mechanism at the graviton level formulated as a Vainshtein mechanism in time domains implies that the extra-degrees of freedom become relevant depending on the direction of time (frame of reference) with respect to the preferred time direction (preferred frame) defined by the Stückelberg function $T_0(r,t)$ which contains the information of the extra-degrees of freedom of the theory. In this manuscript, I make the general definition of the Higgs mechanism by analyzing the gauge symmetries of the action and the general form of the vacuum solutions for the graviton field. In general, the symmetry generators depending explicitly on the Stückelberg fields are broken at the vacuum level. These broken generators, define the number of Nambu-Goldstone bosons which will be eating up by the dynamical metric in order to become massive.
description: 5 pages, Version published in Europhysics Letters (EPL)
title: Paragangliomas of the Head and Neck: Image Findings
Creators: name: Quintana Rodríguez, Isabel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the radiological findings characteristic of the ultrasonography, CT, MRI and angiography of the conventional cervical paragangliomas, showing images of cases occurring in our...
LayerOptics: Microscopic modeling of optical coefficients in layered materials
Creators: name: Vorwerk, Christian
name: Cocchi, Caterina
name: Draxl, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical spectroscopy is a powerful tool to describe and predict optical properties of materials. While nowadays routinely performed, first-principles calculations only provide bulk dielectric tensors in Cartesian coordinates. These outputs are hardly comparable with experimental data, which are typically given by macroscopic quantities, crucially depending on the laboratory setup. Even more serious discrepancies can arise for anisotropic materials, e.g., organic crystals, where off-diagonal elements of the dielectric tensor can significantly contribute to the spectral features. Here, we present LayerOptics, a versatile and user-friendly implementation, based on the solution of the Maxwell's equations for anisotropic materials, to compute optical coefficients in anisotropic layered materials. We apply this tool for post-processing full dielectric tensors of molecular materials, including excitonic effects, as computed from many-body perturbation theory using the exciting code. For prototypical examples, ranging from optical to X-ray frequencies, we show the importance of combining accurate ab initio methods to obtain dielectric tensors, with the solution of the Maxwell's equations to compute optical coefficients accounting for optical anisotropy of layered systems. Good agreement with experimental data supports the potential of our approach, in view of achieving microscopic understanding of spectroscopic properties in complex materials.
Advanced Practice Pharmacists: a retrospective evaluation of the efficacy and cost of ClinicaL Pharmacist PractitionErs managing ambulatory Medicare patients in North Carolina (APPLE-NC)
Creators: name: Bernstein, Adam T
name: Ives, Timothy
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners are advanced practicing pharmacists in North Carolina that provide disease-specific management. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the efficacy and charges from referrals to a Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner by the primary care provider, to those managed by a primary care provider alone. Methods Patients were separated into cohorts depending if they had at least two appointments with a Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner from November 2008 to November 2011. A primary care provider saw all patients at least twice during the study period. Cohorts were then matched by age, gender, and disease states. Medicare billed data was evaluated from outpatient visits related to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral neuropathy, as well as emergency department visits and inpatient admissions. Cost of medications was estimated using 2009 AWP data corresponding to medication histories within the electronic medical record. Efficacy was defined as ability to reach disease state goal determined using national guidelines and reduction in pain score. Efficacy was analyzed by difference-in-differences test and all other numerical data tested by paired t-tests. Results The Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners cohort experienced more outpatient visits (1338 vs. 858, p < 0.001), fewer emergency department visits (115 vs. 190, p < 0.05), and similar inpatient admissions (88 vs. 117, p > 0.05) than the primary care providers cohort, respectively. The Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners cohort showed changes in charges of +22.6 % for outpatient visits, −45.5 % emergency department visits, and −13.2 % inpatient admissions relative to the primary care provider cohort. There was no difference in average daily medication cost (Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners $38.52 vs. primary care providers $38.23, p = 0.97) or achievement of disease state goals. Conclusion APPLE-NC demonstrated that through referrals, Clinical Pharmacist Practitioners provide services comparable in charges and efficacy to primary care providers. Consequently, the current increased need for primary care practitioners can be met in part by increasing the utilization of advanced practice pharmacists for chronic disease management. Trial registration This does not apply for this retrospective cohort study.
Aircraft Design Project
Creators: name: S, Ganesh
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Aircraft Design Project
subject: Flying Car

description: The goal of this project is to design a personal aerial vehicle (PAV) – Roadable aircraft i.e. flying car capable of transporting two persons and a small amount of luggage from their door step to their destination by utilizing both road and air routes. The compact structure consists of wings which remain folded on road and gets expanded when required for flight. This roadable aircraft falls under integrated style where all the components can be carried within the vehicle and the car can be transformed into an aircraft within few minutes of time vice versa. The primary motive of the design is to fulfil the standards of a PAV set by NASA. The combined design of an automobile and aircraft eliminates the need of individual vehicles for road and air, thus reducing the cost and time duration of travel. On road the vehicle is designed to run on battery and be propelled by a four cylindered piston engine while on flight thus delivering an uncompromised flight
Bose-Einstein condensation in a one-dimensional system of interacting bosons
Creators: name: Tomchenko, Maksim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Vakarchuk formulae for the density matrix, we calculate the number N_k of atoms with momentum \hbar k for the ground state of a uniform one-dimensional periodic system of interacting bosons. We obtain for impenetrable point bosons N_0 = 2\sqrt{N} and N_{k=2πj/L} = 0.31N_{0}/\sqrt{|j|}. That is, there is no condensate or quasicondensate on low levels at large N. For almost point bosons with weak coupling (β=\frac{ν_{0}m}{π^{2}\hbar^{2}n} \ll 1), we obtain N_{0}/N = (\frac{2}{N\sqrtβ})^{\sqrtβ/2} and N_{k=2πj/L} = \frac{N_0\sqrtβ}{4|j|^{1-\sqrtβ/2}}. In this case, the quasicondensate exists on the level with k=0 and on low levels with k\neq 0, if N is large and $β$ is small (e.g., for N = 10^{10}, β= 0.01). A method of measurement of such fragmented quasicondensate is proposed.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. v1: published version; v2: we add a Fig. 2, which is absent in the published version
title: New ultrasonographic classification of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis
Creators: name: Graeter, Tilmann
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Parasites

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is transmitted to humans via the metacestode of the cyclophyllid tapeworm, Echinococcus multilocularis . Alveolar echinococcosis is the most dangerous human parasitosis in Europe. AE has to be delimited from the globally...
title: The impact of preoperative axillary ultrasonography in T1 breast tumors
Creators: name: del Riego Ferrari, Javier
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Oncology
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Metastases

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) as the method of choice for preoperative axillary staging in patients with clinically negative axillae (cN0)(1). Tumors with negative SNB do not require ALND . SNB results...
title: Efficacy of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in living donor liver transplantation: difference in apparent diffusion coefficient between the graft and the remnant liver
Creators: name: Morita, Koichiro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Transplantation
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is the common therapy of decompensated liver cirrhosis. Regeneration of the liver graft (recipient liver) or the remnant liver (donor liver) is one of the important factors to evaluate postoperative...
Loops and autonomy promote evolvability of ecosystem networks
Creators: name: Luo, Jianxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The structure of ecological networks, in particular food webs, determines their ability to evolve further, i.e. evolvability. The knowledge about how food web evolvability is determined by the structures of diverse ecological networks can guide human interventions purposefully to either promote or limit evolvability of ecosystems. However, the focus of prior food web studies was on stability and robustness; little is known regarding the impact of ecological network structures on their evolvability. To correlate ecosystem structure and evolvability, we adopt the NK model originally from evolutionary biology to generate and assess the ruggedness of fitness landscapes of a wide spectrum of model food webs with gradual variation in the amount of feeding loops and link density. The variation in network structures is controlled by linkage rewiring. Our results show that more feeding loops and lower trophic link density, i.e. higher autonomy of species, of food webs increase the potential for the ecosystem to generate heritable variations with improved fitness. Our findings allow the prediction of the evolvability of actual food webs according to their network structures, and provide guidance to enhancing or controlling the evolvability of specific ecosystems.
title: Asymmetry of cerebral venous outflow
Creators: name: Tulupov, Andrey
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Among various modern radiologic methods, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most perspective for surveying of morphological and functional conditions of the cerebral vascular system. It provides the widest range of approaches to...
Television, Physical Activity, Diet, and Body Weight Status: the ARIC Cohort
Creators: name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Stevens, June Sheppa
name: Couper, David
name: Meyer, Anne Marie
name: Evenson, Kelly
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2008

description: Abstract Background Television (TV) watching is the most common leisure activity in the United States. Few studies of adults have described the relationship between TV and health behaviors such as physical activity, diet, and body weight status. Methods Extant data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study were analyzed to assess the association of TV with physical activity, diet, and body mass index (BMI) among 15,574 adults at baseline (1986–89) and 12,678 adults six years later. Television, physical activity, and diet were collected with questionnaires and BMI was measured at both time points. Based on baseline TV exposure, adults were categorized into high, medium, and low TV exposure. Linear and logistic regression models were adjusted for gender, age, race-center, smoking, education, and general health. Results Relative to participants who had low TV exposure, those with high TV exposure were more likely to be less physically active and have a poorer dietary profile at baseline and six-years later. Participants with high TV exposure at baseline had a 40% and 31% greater odds of being considered insufficiently active at baseline (1.40, 95% CI 1.26, 1.55), and six years later (1.31, 95% CI 1.18, 1.46). At baseline, high TV exposure was also associated with a 20% to 30% greater odds of being above the median for servings of salty snacks (1.37, 95% CI 1.24, 1.51), sweets (1.26, 95% CI 1.15, 1.38), and sweetened drinks (1.29, 95% CI 1.17, 1.42), and below the median for fruit and vegetable servings (1.36, 95% CI 1.24, 1.50). Higher TV exposure was also cross-sectionally associated with a greater odds for being overweight or obese (1.43, 95% CI 1.29, 1.58). Similar associations were observed between baseline TV exposure and six-year physical activity and diet, but were not observed with BMI after six years follow-up. Conclusion These results support the hypothesis that time spent watching TV is associated with deleterious effects on physical activity, diet, and BMI.
On the Feynman--Kac semigroup for some Markov processes
Creators: name: Knopova, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a (non-symmetric) strong Markov process $X$, consider the Feynman--Kac semigroup \[T_t^Af(x):=\mathbb {E}^x\bigl[e^{A_t}f(X_t)\bigr],\quad x\in {\mathbb {R}^n}, t>0,\] where $A$ is a continuous additive functional of $X$ associated with some signed measure. Under the assumption that $X$ admits a transition probability density that possesses upper and lower bounds of certain type, we show that the kernel corresponding to $T_t^A$ possesses the density $p_t^A(x,y)$ with respect to the Lebesgue measure and construct upper and lower bounds for $p_t^A(x,y)$. Some examples are provided.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.15559/15-VMSTA26 in the Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications (https://www.i-journals.org/vtxpp/VMSTA) by VTeX (http://www.vtex.lt/)
Screen time and physical activity during adolescence: longitudinal effects on obesity in young adulthood
Creators: name: Boone, Janne E
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Adair, Linda
name: Popkin, Barry
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background The joint impact of sedentary behavior and physical activity on obesity has not been assessed in a large cohort followed from adolescence to adulthood. Methods Nationally representative longitudinal data from Waves II (1995; mean age: 15.9) and III (2001; mean age: 21.4) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 9,155) were collected. Sex-stratified multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed the odds of obesity associated with Wave II MVPA and screen time, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and change in MVPA and screen time from Wave II to III. Obesity was defined using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) International Obesity Task Force cut-points at Wave II and adult cut-points at Wave III (BMI ≥ 30). Results In males, adjusted odds of prevalent obesity was strongly predicted by MVPA bouts [OR (95% CI): OR6 vs. 1 MVPA bouts = 0.50 (0.40, 0.62); OR4 vs. 40 hrs screen time = 0.83 (0.69, 1.00)]. In females, greater MVPA bouts and lower screen time correlated with lower prevalent obesity [OR (95% CI): OR6 vs. 1 MVPA bouts = 0.67 (0.49, 0.91); OR4 vs. 40 hrs screen time = 0.67 (0.53, 0.85)]. Longitudinally, adolescent screen time hours had a stronger influence on incident obesity in females [OR (95% CI): OR4 vs. 40 hrs = 0.58 (0.43, 0.80)] than males [OR (95% CI): OR4 vs. 40 hrs = 0.78 (0.61, 0.99)]. Longitudinal activity patterns were not predictive of incident obesity. Conclusion Reducing screen time during adolescence and into adulthood may be a promising strategy for reducing obesity incidence, especially in females.
A postcolonial approach to Nepal's geopolitics, hydro-politics, and border-politics
Creators: name: Tandan, Promod
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2022

description: Postcolonial approaches have challenged as parochial the conventional International Relations frames and their limited one-dimensional consideration of power. Study of Nepal as an international actor remains dominated by conventional IR that prioritises the interests and views of great powers like China and India. In this context, considering the case of Nepal’s relationship as a small state vis-à-vis its much larger neighbours India and China, I contend that a postcolonial approach allows us to reveal hitherto marginalised relational dimensions and recognise the agency of Nepal as an international actor. The empirical focus is on key areas of geopolitics, hydro-politics and border-politics. The thesis identifies and highlights power asymmetry, representation, and resistance within a neo-colonial context that marks Nepal’s relations with China and India. The thesis makes an original contribution to knowledge in two ways. Firstly, it applies a postcolonial approach to the study of Nepal’s relationship with its neighbours, which has been dominated by the mainstream IR realist/neo-realist approaches. This marks a shift from the conventional one-way interaction that was too focused on the great powers’ interests and actions, paving the way to unleash the hitherto marginalised form of ‘resistance’ and ‘agency’ of the small state, Nepal. Secondly, it encourages researchers to venture into new possibilities in their study on small states in the context of South Asia and beyond.
Brooks's theorem for measurable colorings
Creators: name: Conley, Clinton T.
name: Marks, Andrew S.
name: Tucker-Drob, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We generalize Brooks's theorem to show that if $G$ is a Borel graph on a standard Borel space $X$ of degree bounded by $d \geq 3$ which contains no $(d+1)$-cliques, then $G$ admits a $μ$-measurable $d$-coloring with respect to any Borel probability measure $μ$ on $X$, and a Baire measurable $d$-coloring with respect to any compatible Polish topology on $X$. The proof of this theorem uses a new technique for constructing one-ended spanning subforests of Borel graphs, as well as ideas from the study of list colorings. We apply the theorem to graphs arising from group actions to obtain factor of IID $d$-colorings of Cayley graphs of degree $d$, except in two exceptional cases.
description: Minor corrections
title: herlyn werner wunderlich syndrome(OHVIRA)-Imaging -what and when
Creators: name: Singh, CHITRANGADA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental disease
subject: Congenital
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Complications
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Kidney
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To spread awareness about the imaging features of Herlyn Werner Wunderlich(HWW) syndrome and when to suspect what presentation of it. Role of imaging in timely diagnosis and appropriate clinical management. In this exhibit we summarize the spectrum...
Pretrained Document Attention Network for Handwritten Text Recognition
Creators: name: Coquenet, Denis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pretrained models
Handwritten Text Recognition
RIMES
READ 2016

description: Pretrained Document Attention Networks on two datasets: READ 2016 and RIMES 2009. "fcn_line_syn" indicates the pretraining stage during which the encoder is trained on line-level synthetic images "dan" corresponds to the main training on document-level images. Denis Coquenet, Clément Chatelain, Thierry Paquet, "DAN: a Segmentation-free Document Attention Network for Handwritten Document Recognition", Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2023 Source code: Github Paper: Arxiv
description: {"references": ["https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.12273", "https://github.com/FactoDeepLearning/DAN"]}
title: Is excisional biopsy warranted after a diagnosis of flat epitelial atypia (FEA) at vacuum-assisted biopsy?
Creators: name: Merino Rasillo, Paula
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The development of mammographic screening programs has led to a considerable increase in the number of biopsies performed for subclinical mammographic abnormalities, mainly microcalcifications. As a consequence, a diagnosis of ” flat epithelial...
Starving cancer from the outside and inside: separate and combined effects of calorie restriction and autophagy inhibition on Ras-driven tumors
Creators: name: Hursting, Stephen
name: O’Flanagan, Ciara H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background Calorie restriction (CR) prevents obesity and exerts anticancer effects in many preclinical models. CR is also increasingly being used in cancer patients as a sensitizing strategy prior to chemotherapy regimens. While the beneficial effects of CR are widely accepted, the mechanisms through which CR affects tumor growth are incompletely understood. In many cell types, CR and other nutrient stressors can induce autophagy, which provides energy and metabolic substrates critical for cancer cell survival. We hypothesized that limiting extracellular and intracellular substrate availability by combining CR with autophagy inhibition would reduce tumor growth more effectively than either treatment alone. Results A 30 % CR diet, relative to control diet, in nude mice resulted in significant decreases in body fat, blood glucose, and serum insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and leptin levels concurrent with increased adiponectin levels. In a xenograft model in nude mice involving H-RasG12V-transformed immortal baby mouse kidney epithelial cells with (Atg5 +/+ ) and without (Atg5 −/−) autophagic capacity, the CR diet (relative to control diet) genetically induced autophagy inhibition and their combination, each reduced tumor development and growth. Final tumor volume was greatest for Atg5 +/+ tumors in control-fed mice, intermediate for Atg5 +/+ tumors in CR-fed mice and Atg5 −/− tumors in control-fed mice, and lowest for Atg5 −/− tumors in CR mice. In Atg5 +/+ tumors, autophagic flux was increased in CR-fed relative to control-fed mice, suggesting that the prosurvival effects of autophagy induction may mitigate the tumor suppressive effects of CR. Metabolomic analyses of CR-fed, relative to control-fed, nude mice showed significant decreases in circulating glucose and amino acids and significant increases in ketones, indicating CR induced negative energy balance. Combining glucose deprivation with autophagy deficiency in Atg5 −/− cells resulted in significantly reduced in vitro colony formation relative to glucose deprivation or autophagy deficiency alone. Conclusions Combined restriction of extracellular (via CR in vivo or glucose deprivation in vitro) and intracellular (via autophagy inhibition) sources of energy and nutrients suppresses Ras-driven tumor growth more effectively than either CR or autophagy deficiency alone. Interventions targeting both systemic energy balance and tumor-cell intrinsic autophagy may represent a novel and effective anticancer strategy.
title: Μελέτη ιατρικών εγκαταστάσεων σε ακτινοδιαγνωστικό τμήμα
title: Studying the facilities of a medical radiodiagnostic department
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ανδρεοπούλου, Παναγιώτα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ακτινοδιαγνωστικά εργαστήρια
Εξοπλισμός
Απεικονιστικά συστήματα
Τεχνικές προδιαγραφές

description: Η διάγνωση και η πρόληψη ασθενειών αποτελούν καθοριστικό παράγοντα για μια υγιή ζωή. Από την ανακάλυψη των Ακτίνων-Χ το 1895 από τον Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, την εισαγωγή του φίλμ από τον George Eastman το 1918, το οποίο αντικατέστησε τις ακτινογραφίες σε γυάλινες φωτογραφικές πλάκες, έως τις σημερινές ψηφιακές μεθόδους παραγωγής εικόνων υψηλής ανάλυσης που εφαρμόζουν και άλλες απεικονιστικές τεχνολογίες αιχμής, ο τομέας της ιατρικής απεικόνισης έχει συμβάλει τα μέγιστα στην ιατρική επιστήμη και συνεχίζει να καινοτομεί και να αξιοποιεί όλο και περισσότερες εφαρμογές προσφέροντας υψηλά στάνταρντ στην παροχή φροντίδας ασθενών. Η εργασία αυτή βασίζεται σε έρευνα που έγινε σχετικά με τις τεχνικές προδιαγραφές των κτιριακών εγκαταστάσεων και τις προδιαγραφές του κύριου απεικονιστικού εξοπλισμού που απαντάται σε ένα σύγχρονο ακτινοδιαγνωστικό εργαστήριο. Το θέμα που επιλέχθηκε προσφέρει σημαντικές και επικαιροποιημένες γνώσεις και στοιχεία σχετικά με τον πιο απαραίτητο ακτινοδιαγνωστικό εξοπλισμό που εγκαθίσταται στο ακτινοδιαγνωστικό τμήμα καθώς επίσης και των τεχνικών προδιαγραφών του. Ακόμη γίνεται αναφορά και για το προσωπικό που απασχολείται σε ένα ακτινοδιαγνωστικό τμήμα. Στην συνέχεια, παρατίθεται μία πρόταση αρχιτεκτονικής σχεδίασης ενός ακτινοδιαγνωστικού τμήματος με 7 συνολικά απεικονιστικές αίθουσες ήτοι ακτινολογικό γενικής χρήσης, ακτινολογικό – ακτινοσκοπικό, αξονικός τομογράφος, μαγνητικός τομογράφος, δωμάτιο υπερήχων, δωμάτιο μαστογραφίας και ορθοπαντογράφος, με όλους τους υπόλοιπους βοηθητικούς χώρους που απαιτούνται. Τέλος, στα συμπεράσματα αναφέρονται τα οφέλη που έχουν προκύψει από την εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας της ιατρικής απεικόνισης καθώς επίσης και οι νέες τεχνολογικές εξελίξεις και εφαρμογές που αναπτύσσονται με σκοπό την μεγιστοποίηση της ωφέλειας που προσφέρει ο τομέας της ακτινοδιάγνωσης και θεραπείας στην ιατρική επιστήμη.
A re-evaluation of the central velocity-dispersion profile in NGC 6388
Creators: name: Lützgendorf, Nora
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Noyola, Eva
name: Neumayer, Nadine
name: Kissler-Patig, Markus
name: de Zeeuw, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, two independent groups found very different results when measuring the central velocity dispersion of the galactic globular cluster NGC 6388 with different methods. While Lützgendorf et al. (2011) found a rising profile and a high central velocity dispersion (23.3 km/s), measurements obtained by Lanzoni et al. (2013) showed a value 40% lower. The value of the central velocity dispersion has a serious impact on the mass and possible presence of an intermediate-mass black hole at the center of NGC 6388. We use a photometric catalog of NGC 6388 to create a simulated SINFONI and ARGUS dataset. The construction of the IFU data cube is done with different observing conditions reproducing the conditions reported for the original observations as closely as possible. In addition, we produce an N-body realization of a 10^6 M_SUN stellar cluster with the same photometric properties as NGC 6388 to account for unresolved stars. We find that the individual radial velocities, i.e. the measurements from the simulated SINFONI data, are systematically biased towards lower velocity dispersions. The reason is that due to the wings in the point spread function the velocities get biased towards the mean cluster velocity. This study shows that even with AO supported observations, individual radial velocities in crowded fields are likely to be biased. The ARGUS observations do not show this kind of bias but were found to have larger uncertainties than previously obtained. We find a bias towards higher velocity dispersions in the ARGUS pointing when fixing the extreme velocities of the three brightest stars but find those variations are within the determined uncertainties. We rerun Jeans models and fit the kinematic profile with the new uncertainties. This yields a BH mass of M_BH = (2.8 +- 0.4) x 10^4 M_SUN and M/L ratio M/L = (1.6 +- 0.1) M_SUN/L_SUN, consistent with our previous results.
description: 8 pages, 8 figure, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Hepatic vein Doppler signals in diffuse liver steatosis
Creators: name: Tsiompanou , Eleni-Christina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To present hepatic vein Doppler signal alterations in non-alcoholic diffuse liver steatosis. Normal doppler waveforms are triphasic and reflect right atrium haemodynamics (Fig. 1) Blood flow has a pulsatile pattern that results from transmission of...
Risk-Based Admissibility Assessment of Wind Generation Integrated into a Bulk Power System
Creators: name: Wang, Cheng
name: Liu, Feng
name: Wang, Jianhui
name: Wei, Wei
name: Mei, Shengwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The increasing integration of large-scale volatile and uncertain wind generation has brought great challenges to power system operations. In this paper, a risk-based admissibility assessment approach is proposed to quantitatively evaluate how much wind generation can be accommodated by the bulk power system under a given unit commitment (UC) strategy. Firstly, the operational risk brought by the variation and uncertainty of wind generation is developed as an admissibility measure of wind generation. Then its linear approximation is derived for practical implementation. Furthermore, a risk-minimization model is established to mathematically characterize the admissible region of wind generation. This model can be solved effectively by a modified column and constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm. Simulations on the IEEE 9-bus system and the real Guangdong power grid demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methodology.
description: 11 pages
title: Μελέτη της διάχυσης MRI στον εγκέφαλο
title: Study of diffusion MRI in brain examinations
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μεχίλη, Βάνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Διάχυση
Απεικόνιση διάχυσης
Μαγνητικός τομογράφος

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να μελετήσει την απεικόνιση διάχυσης στον μαγνητικό τομογράφο και πώς εφαρμόζεται στον ανθρώπινο εγκέφαλο. Αρχικά θα αναλυθεί η ανατομία του εγκεφάλου και μερικά παραδείγματα ασθενειών που μπορεί να εμφανιστούν. Στη συνέχεια θα εξηγηθούν οι βασικές αρχές της μαγνητικής τομογραφίας και το φαινόμενο της διάχυσης σε βιολογικούς οργανισμούς. Στην τελευταία παράγραφο του θεωρητικού υποβάθρου θα αναλυθεί η λειτουργία της απεικόνισης διάχυσης της μαγνητικής τομογραφίας καθώς και οι κλινικές εφαρμογές της απεικόνισης διάχυσης. Το πειραματικό μέρος ασχολείται με τη μελέτη του σήματος απεικόνισης διάχυσης σύμφωνα με το στατιστικό μοντέλο που προτείνεται από τους Yablonsliy et al. Το μοντέλο εξαρτάται από τρεις παραμέτρους: τη μέγιστη θέση της κατανομής του συντελεστή διάχυσης, το πλάτος της κατανομής και την τιμή b. Για να δούμε την εξέλιξη του σήματος σύμφωνα με αυτές τις παραμέτρους δημιουργήσαμε έναν κώδικα στο MATLAB ο οποίος υπολογίζει την τελική τιμή του σήματος και την σχεδιάζει με βάση την τιμή b.
Memory Problems in Media Multitaskers
Creators: name: Wiradhany, Wisnu
name: Nieuwenstein, Mark
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: A replication of Ophir et al.'s (2009): Cognitive control in media multitaskers, experiment 1 and Uncapher et al.'s (2015):Media multitasking and memory, experiment 1
Birthweight, parental age, birth order and breast cancer risk in African-American and white women: a population-based case-control study
Creators: name: Millikan, Robert C.
name: Hodgson, M. Elizabeth
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2004

description: Abstract: Introduction: Much recent work has focused on hypotheses that very early life exposures influence adult cancer risk. For breast cancer it has been hypothesized that high in utero estrogen exposure may increase risk. Methods: We used data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, a population-based case–control study of incident breast cancer in North Carolina, to examine associations for three possible surrogates of high prenatal estrogen exposure: weight at birth, maternal age, and birth order. We also examined paternal age. Birthweight analyses were conducted for white and African-American women born in North Carolina on or after 1949 (196 cases, 167 controls). Maternal age was analyzed for US born participants younger than 49 years of age (280 cases, 236 controls). Results: There was a weak inverse association between birthweight in the highest tertile and breast cancer overall (odds ratio [OR] 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–1.2), although associations differed by race (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1.0, and OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.5–2.1 for African-American and white women, respectively). For maternal age there was an approximately threefold increase in risk in women whose mothers were older than 22 years of age, relative to 19–22 years of age, when the women were born. After adjustment for maternal age, older paternal age increased risk in the oldest and youngest age categories (relative to 23–27 years of age at the woman's birth: OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.8–3.1 for age 15–22 years; OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.7–2.2 for age 28–34 years; and OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.7–3.2 for age 35–56 years). There was no association with older paternal age for white women alone. After adjustment for maternal age (265 cases, 224 controls), a birth order of fifth or higher relative to first had an inverse association with breast cancer for women younger than 49 years old (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.3–1.3). Conclusion: Although the CIs are wide, these results lend support to the possibility that the prenatal period is important for subsequent breast cancer risk, but they do not support the estrogen hypothesis as a unifying theory for the influence of this period.
Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei with Tidal Disruption of Stars: Paper II - Axisymmetric Nuclei
Creators: name: Zhong, Shiyan
name: Berczik, Peter
name: Spurzem, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal Disruption of stars by supermassive central black holes from dense rotating star clusters is modelled by high-accuracy direct N-body simulation. As in a previous paper on spherical star clusters we study the time evolution of the stellar tidal disruption rate and the origin of tidally disrupted stars, now according to several classes of orbits which only occur in axisymmetric systems (short axis tube and saucer). Compared with that in spherical systems, we found a higher TD rate in axisymmetric systems. The enhancement can be explained by an enlarged loss-cone in phase space which is raised from the fact that total angular momentum $\bf J$ is not conserved. As in the case of spherical systems, the distribution of the last apocenter distance of tidally accreted stars peaks at the classical critical radius. However, the angular distribution of the origin of the accreted stars reveals interesting features. Inside the influence radius of the supermassive black hole the angular distribution of disrupted stars has a conspicuous bimodal structure with a local minimum near the equatorial plane. Outside the influence radius this dependence is weak. We show that the bimodal structure of orbital parameters can be explained by the presence of two families of regular orbits, namely short axis tube and saucer orbits. Also the consequences of our results for the loss cone in axisymmetric galactic nuclei are presented.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, accepted by ApJ
title: Spectrum of non-malignant findings on PET/CT of the thorax
Creators: name: Georgieva, Snezlina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Mediastinum
subject: PET-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1.To illustrate the most common non-malignant findings which the radiologist faces in interpreting thoracic PET/CT, 2.To discuss the role of Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) as a part of PET/CT in differentiation malignant from non-malignant...
The universality of polynomial time Turing equivalence
Creators: name: Marks, Andrew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that polynomial time Turing equivalence and a large class of other equivalence relations from computational complexity theory are universal countable Borel equivalence relations. We then discuss ultrafilters on the invariant Borel sets of these equivalence relations which are related to Martin's ultrafilter on the Turing degrees.
description: Minor corrections