cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Information Overload in Crisis Management: Bilingual Evaluation of Embedding Models for Clustering Social Media Posts in Emergencies
Creators: name: Bayer, Markus
name: Kaufhold, Marc-André
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: AIS
Year: 2022

description: Past studies in the domains of information systems have analysed the potentials and barriers of social media in emergencies. While information disseminated in social media can lead to valuable insights, emergency services and researchers face the challenge of information overload as data quickly exceeds the manageable amount. We propose an embedding-based clustering approach and a method for the automated labelling of clusters. Given that the clustering quality is highly dependent on embeddings, we evaluate 19 embedding models with respect to time, internal cluster quality, and language invariance. The results show that it may be sensible to use embedding models that were already trained on other crisis datasets. However, one must ensure that the training data generalizes enough, so that the clustering can adapt to new situations. Confirming this, we found out that some embeddings were not able to perform as well on a German dataset as on an English dataset.
Randomized Evaluation of Carotid Occlusion and Neurocognition (RECON) trial: Main results
Creators: name: Grubb, Robert L.
name: Clarke, William R.
name: Derdeyn, Colin P.
name: Videen, Tom O.
name: Pavol, Marykay A.
name: Marshall, Randolph S.
name: Slane, Kevin
name: Powers, William J.
name: Lazar, Ronald M.
name: Cheung, Ying Kuen
name: Festa, Joanne R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass can improve cognition over 2 years compared to best medical therapy alone in patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion and increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) on PET.

METHODS: Patients underwent (15)O PET and were randomized if OEF ratio was >1.13 on the occluded side. Using blinded baseline and 2-year cognitive assessments, age-adjusted composite z scores were generated from subtests sensitive to right/left hemisphere plus global cognitive functioning. Multiple regression predicted 2-year cognitive change.

RESULTS: Eighty-nine patients were enrolled; 41 had increased OEF and were randomized. Two died, 2 were lost to follow-up, and 2 refused 2-year testing. Of the 35 remaining, 6 had ipsilateral stroke or death, leaving 13 surgical and 16 medical patients. Controlling for age, education, and depression, there was no difference in 2-year cognitive change between the medical and surgical arms (95% confidence interval -0.5 to 0.5, p = 0.9). In post hoc analysis of 26 patients with no stroke in the follow-up period, cognitive improvement was associated with less impaired PET OEF at baseline (p = 0.045).

CONCLUSION: Cognitive improvement following bypass surgery was not superior to medical therapy among patients with recently symptomatic carotid occlusion and increased OEF. Among those with no recurrent stroke, less hemodynamic impairment at baseline was associated with greater cognitive gain in both groups. Reversing cognitive impairment in hemodynamic failure remains an open challenge.

CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that for patients with symptomatic ICA occlusion and increased OEF on PET, EC-IC bypass compared to no bypass does not improve cognitive function after 2 years.
A REVIEW ON TERATOGENICITY: MECHANISMS OF TERATOGENS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Miss. M Kavya Sree, Mr. V. S. Chandrasekaran*, Dr. M. Kishore Babu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Teratogenicity is recognized as an important part of overall toxicology. The teratogenic risk factors are undetermined for more than 90% of drugs. The common teratogenic mechanism and effects are based on teratogenic compounds and severalagents known as physical agents,chemical agents, and biological agents. Millions of different chemicals are exposed by humans and they show negative impacts by penetratinginto human tissues, developing fetuses, and the reproductive health of humans. The teratogenic mechanism in pregnancy shows its effectson the developing fetus and sometimesit leads to suppression of fetal growth.It signifies the structural malformations during fetal development. It is a process by which congenital birth defects occur due some biological infections, pharmacological drugs, industrial pollutants, and maternal health problems.Teratology is the science that investigates the congenital malformations and their causes.
Keywords: Teratogenicity, Human tissue, Management teratogens factors
Separate prediction of intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Ikram, M. Arfan
name: Ferket, Bart S.
name: Koudstaal, Peter J.
name: Gottesman, Rebecca F.
name: Steyerberg, Ewout W.
name: Wieberdink, Renske G.
name: Shahar, Eyal
name: Van Kempen, Bob J.H.
name: Hunink, M. G.Myriam
name: Psaty, Bruce M.
name: Rosamond, Wayne
name: Longstreth Jr., W. T.
name: Hofman, Albert
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Mosley, Thomas
name: Kizer, Jorge R.
name: Kronmal, Richard A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate 10-year cumulative incidence functions of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic stroke (IS).

METHODS: We used data on 27,493 participants from 3 population-based cohort studies: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, median age 54 years, 45% male, median follow-up 20.7 years; the Rotterdam Study, median age 68 years, 38% male, median follow-up 14.3 years; and the Cardiovascular Health Study, median age 71 years, 41% male, median follow-up 12.8 years. Among these participants, 325 ICH events, 2,559 IS events, and 9,909 nonstroke deaths occurred. We developed 10-year cumulative incidence functions for ICH and IS using stratified Cox regression and competing risks analysis. Basic models including only established nonlaboratory risk factors were extended with diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and glomerular filtration rate. The cumulative incidence functions' performances were cross-validated in each cohort separately by Harrell C-statistic and calibration plots.

RESULTS: High total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio decreased the ICH rates but increased IS rates (p for difference across stroke types <0.001). For both the ICH and IS models, C statistics increased more by model extension in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities and Cardiovascular Health Study cohorts. Improvements in C statistics were reproduced by cross-validation. Models were well calibrated in all cohorts. Correlations between 10-year ICH and IS risks were moderate in each cohort.

CONCLUSIONS: We developed and cross-validated cumulative incidence functions for separate prediction of 10-year ICH and IS risk. These functions can be useful to further specify an individual's stroke risk.
(400297) Janet Robb
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Methods and Results from Social cues can push amphibious fish to their thermal limits
Creators: name: Currie, Suzanne
name: Tattersall, Glenn J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary methods, experimental schematics, statistical analyses, and summary results
Details of simulations from Proposal to use superparamagnetic nanoparticles to test the role of cryptochrome in magnetoreception.
Creators: name: Worster, Susannah Bourne
name: P. J. Hore
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biophysics

description: Evidence is accumulating to support the hypothesis that some animals use light-induced radical pairs to detect the direction of the Earth's magnetic field. Cryptochrome proteins seem to be involved in the sensory pathway but it is not yet clear if they are the magnetic sensors: they could, instead, play a non-magnetic role as signal transducers downstream of the primary sensor. Here we propose an experiment with the potential to distinguish these functions. The principle is to use superparamagnetic nanoparticles to disable any magnetic sensing role by enhancing the electron spin relaxation of the radicals so as to destroy their spin correlation. We use spin dynamics simulations to show that magnetoferritin, a synthetic, protein-based nanoparticle, has the required properties. If cryptochrome is the primary sensor, then it should be inactivated by a magnetoferritin particle placed 12–16 nm away. This would prevent a bird from using its magnetic compass in behavioural tests and abolish magnetically sensitive neuronal firing in the retina. The key advantage of such an experiment is that any signal transduction role should be completely unaffected by the tiny magnetic interactions (≪kBT) required to enhance the spin relaxation of the radical pair.
Demographics of Transition Discs in Ophiuchus and Taurus
Creators: name: Najita, Joan R.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Muzerolle, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition disc systems are young stars that appear to be on the verge of dispersing their protoplanetary discs. We explore the nature of these systems by comparing the stellar accretion rates and disc masses of transition discs and normal T Tauri stars in Taurus and Ophiuchus. After controlling for the known dependencies of stellar accretion rate and disc mass and on age, stellar accretion rate on stellar mass, and disc mass on the presence of stellar or sub-stellar companions, we find that the normal T Tauri stars show a trend of stellar accretion rate increasing with disc mass. The transition discs tend to have higher average disc masses than normal T Tauri stars as well as lower accretion rates than normal T Tauri stars of the same disc mass. These results are most consistent with the interpretation that the transition discs have formed objects massive enough to alter the accretion flow, i.e., single or multiple giant planets. Several Ophiuchus T Tauri stars that are not known transition disc systems also have very low accretion rates for their disc masses. We speculate on the possible nature of these sources.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Improving clinical cognitive testing: Report of the AAN Behavioral Neurology Section Workgroup
Creators: name: Kaufer, Daniel I.
name: Finney, Glen R.
name: Branch Coslett, H.
name: Hart, John J.
name: Gale, Seth A.
name: Pietras, Alison C.
name: Chatterjee, Anjan
name: D'Esposito, Mark
name: Daffner, Kirk R.
name: Gitelman, Darren R.
name: Lerner, Alan J.
name: Boeve, Bradley F.
name: Meador, Kimford J.
name: Voeller, Kytja S.
name: Barrett, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evidence basis of single-domain cognitive tests frequently used by behavioral neurologists in an effort to improve the quality of clinical cognitive assessment.

METHODS: Behavioral Neurology Section members of the American Academy of Neurology were surveyed about how they conduct clinical cognitive testing, with a particular focus on the Neurobehavioral Status Exam (NBSE). In contrast to general screening cognitive tests, an NBSE consists of tests of individual cognitive domains (e.g., memory or language) that provide a more comprehensive diagnostic assessment. Workgroups for each of 5 cognitive domains (attention, executive function, memory, language, and spatial cognition) conducted evidence-based reviews of frequently used tests. Reviews focused on suitability for office-based clinical practice, including test administration time, accessibility of normative data, disease populations studied, and availability in the public domain.

RESULTS: Demographic and clinical practice data were obtained from 200 respondents who reported using a wide range of cognitive tests. Based on survey data and ancillary information, between 5 and 15 tests in each cognitive domain were reviewed. Within each domain, several tests are highlighted as being well-suited for an NBSE.

CONCLUSIONS: We identified frequently used single-domain cognitive tests that are suitable for an NBSE to help make informed choices about clinical cognitive assessment. Some frequently used tests have limited normative data or have not been well-studied in common neurologic disorders. Utilizing standardized cognitive tests, particularly those with normative data based on the individual's age and educational level, can enhance the rigor and utility of clinical cognitive assessment.
(400292) Jemima Duncan Young
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Agent-based Modelling for Human Behaviour Special Issue
Creators: name: Lim, Soo Ling
name: Bentley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11
subject: 93A16

description: If human societies are so complex, then how can we hope to understand them? Artificial Life gives us one answer. The field of Artificial Life comprises a diverse set of introspective studies that largely ask the same questions, albeit from many different perspectives: Why are we here? Who are we? Why do we behave as we do? Starting with the origins of life provides us with fascinating answers to some of these questions. However, some researchers choose to bring their studies closer to the present day. We are after all, human. It has been a few billion years since our ancestors were self-replicating molecules. Thus, more direct studies of ourselves and our human societies can reveal truths that may lead to practical knowledge. The papers in this special issue bring together scientists who choose to perform this kind of research.
description: extended version with references
Measuring quality of life in muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Peay, Holly
name: Blackwell, Angela
name: Uzark, Karen
name: Montesanti, Angela
name: Bann, Carla M.
name: Strober, Jonathan
name: Abresch, Richard T.
name: Street, Natalie
name: Biesecker, Barbara
name: Scal, Peter
name: Margolis, Marjorie
name: Conway, Kristin Caspers
name: Bolen, Julie
name: Heatwole, Chad
name: Wolff, Jodi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to develop a conceptual model of quality of life (QOL) in muscular dystrophies (MDs) and review existing QOL measures for use in the MD population.

METHODS: Our model for QOL among individuals with MD was developed based on a modified Delphi process, literature review, and input from patients and patient advocacy organizations. Scales that have been used to measure QOL among patients with MD were identified through a literature review and evaluated using the COSMIN (Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments) checklist.

RESULTS: The Comprehensive Model of QOL in MD (CMQM) captures 3 broad domains of QOL (physical, psychological, and social), includes factors influencing self-reported QOL (disease-related factors, support/resources, and expectations/aspirations), and places these concepts within the context of the life course. The literature review identified 15 QOL scales (9 adult and 6 pediatric) that have been applied to patients with MD. Very few studies reported reliability data, and none included data on responsiveness of the measures to change in disease progression, a necessary psychometric property for measures included in treatment and intervention studies. No scales captured all QOL domains identified in the CMQM model.

CONCLUSIONS: Additional scale development research is needed to enhance assessment of QOL for individuals with MD. Item banking and computerized adaptive assessment would be particularly beneficial by allowing the scale to be tailored to each individual, thereby minimizing respondent burden.
Details of simulations from Proposal to use superparamagnetic nanoparticles to test the role of cryptochrome in magnetoreception
Creators: name: Worster, Susannah Bourne
name: P. J. Hore
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biophysics

description: Evidence is accumulating to support the hypothesis that some animals use light-induced radical pairs to detect the direction of the Earth's magnetic field. Cryptochrome proteins seem to be involved in the sensory pathway but it is not yet clear if they are the magnetic sensors: they could, instead, play a non-magnetic role as signal transducers downstream of the primary sensor. Here we propose an experiment with the potential to distinguish these functions. The principle is to use superparamagnetic nanoparticles to disable any magnetic sensing role by enhancing the electron spin relaxation of the radicals so as to destroy their spin correlation. We use spin dynamics simulations to show that magnetoferritin, a synthetic, protein-based nanoparticle, has the required properties. If cryptochrome is the primary sensor, then it should be inactivated by a magnetoferritin particle placed 12–16 nm away. This would prevent a bird from using its magnetic compass in behavioural tests and abolish magnetically sensitive neuronal firing in the retina. The key advantage of such an experiment is that any signal transduction role should be completely unaffected by the tiny magnetic interactions (≪kBT) required to enhance the spin relaxation of the radical pair.
Complex Multilocus Effects of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Haplotypes Predict Pain and Pain Interference 6 Weeks After Motor Vehicle Collision
Creators: name: McLean, Samuel A.
name: Bortsov, Andrey V.
name: Diatchenko, Luda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Catechol-O-methyltransferase, encoded by COMT gene, is the primary enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines. COMT haplotypes have been associated with vulnerability to persistent non-traumatic pain. In this prospective observational study, we investigated the influence of COMT on persistent pain and pain interference with life functions after motor vehicle collision (MVC) in 859 European American adults for whom overall pain (0–10 numeric rating scale) and pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory) were assessed at week 6 after MVC. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the COMT gene were successfully genotyped, nine were present in three haploblocks: block 1 (rs2020917, rs737865, rs1544325), block 2 (rs4633, rs4818, rs4680, rs165774) and block 3 (rs174697, rs165599). After adjustment for multiple comparisons, haplotype TCG from block 1 predicted decreased pain interference (p =.004). The pain-protective effect of the low pain sensitivity (LPS, CGGG) haplotype from block 2 was only observed if at least one TCG haplotype was present in block 1 (haplotype × haplotype interaction p=.002 and <.0001 for pain and pain interference, respectively). Haplotype AG from block 3 was associated with pain and interference in males only (sex × haplotype interaction p=.005 and .0005, respectively). These results suggest that genetic variants in the distal promoter are important contributors to the development of persistent pain after MVC, directly and via the interaction with haplotypes in the coding region of the gene.
Violation of Quasineutrality in Semiconductor Transport: The Dember Effect
Creators: name: Krčmar, Maja
name: Saslow, Wayne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact solution of the linearized equations for steady-state transport in semiconductors yields two modes that vary exponentially in space, one involving screening (without entropy production) and one involving diffusion and recombination (with entropy production). Neither mode is quasineutral. For constant surface photoexcitation with generation of electrons and holes, the steady-state response is a linear combination of these modes, subject to global electroneutrality. The resultant charge separation produces a voltage difference across the sample (the Dember effect).
The analysis of the competitive environment of PJSC «Tera»
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Oleksandr
name: Vashkiv, Olesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation
subject: 140214 Public Economics- Publically Provided Goods

description: Today, the production of confectionery is one of the most developed sectors of the food industry in Ukraine. Confectionery market in Ukraine is highly competitive and saturated. It employs about 800 companies. Apart from that, the domestic market of confectionery is fairly consolidated. Much of confectionery products (60%) are produced and sold by about ten confectionery companies. The main participants in Ukrainian confectionery market are «Roshen», «Korona», «Svitoch», «Conti», «Lyubimov», «AVK» and others. The largest share of the confectionery market in Ukraine is taken by the domestic products. In total, the sales they represent are about 95%.
During the last 8 years the market leader in confectionery is a corporation «Roshen», which in 2018 ranked seventh in the overall ranking of the top 100 brands and Ukraine confidently holds first place among brands confectionery industry. The main struggle for the leading position in the ranking of the top 100 brands in the confectionery field of Ukraine carried out six such brands as «Roshen» «Korona», «Svitoch», «Conti», «AVK» and «Lyubimov». First place in this list surely hold «Roshen», «Korona» and «Svitoch». In a highly competitive market of confectionery creation of products under a particular brand is a prime example of the prevailing competitive advantage that is focused on the consumer. From this perspective, the brand as a competitive advantage of the enterprise allows consumers to identify products and create attractive image of it. From the point of view of the enterprise, the brand is its competitive advantage, which allows the formation of groups of regular consumers, and, therefore, becomes a precious asset of the enterprise.
Today PJSC «Tera» continues to increase production and expanding the existing sales network as well as working to create the brand «Tera». The main priorities of the company are quality products, which is the main competitive advantage of the company.
The main markets of PJSC «Terra» are Ternopil region, Kyiv region and the Western Ukrainian region. The company cooperates with all categories of customers: stores, private entities, companies that sell products in the following cities: Lutsk, Khmelnytsky, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Mukachevo, Uzhgorod, Kyiv, Kalush, Rivne, Alexandria.
The confectionery products of PJSC «Tera» are made by modern technology. The operation of modern equipment, strict observance of technology and sales emphasis on using only high-quality raw materials, original recipes, which are used in the manufacture of confectionery products, environmental products – these are the main competitive advantages of the company «Tera».
K2P$^2$ $-$ A photometry pipeline for the K2 mission
Creators: name: Lund, Mikkel N.
name: Handberg, Rasmus
name: Davies, Guy R.
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Jones, Caitlin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the loss of a second reaction wheel, resulting in the inability to point continuously and stably at the same field of view, the NASA Kepler satellite recently entered a new mode of observation known as the K2 mission. The data from this redesigned mission present a specific challenge; the targets systematically drift in position on a ~6 hour time scale, inducing a significant instrumental signal in the photometric time series --- this greatly impacts the ability to detect planetary signals and perform asteroseismic analysis. Here we detail our version of a reduction pipeline for K2 target pixel data, which automatically: defines masks for all targets in a given frame; extracts the target's flux- and position time series; corrects the time series based on the apparent movement on the CCD (either in 1D or 2D) combined with the correction of instrumental and/or planetary signals via the KASOC filter (Handberg & Lund 2014), thus rendering the time series ready for asteroseismic analysis; computes power spectra for all targets, and identifies potential contaminations between targets. From a test of our pipeline on a sample of targets from the K2 campaign 0, the recovery of data for multiple targets increases the amount of potential light curves by a factor ${\geq}10$. Our pipeline could be applied to the upcoming TESS (Ricker et al. 2014) and PLATO 2.0 (Rauer et al. 2013) missions.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (Apj)
(400293) James Duncan Cocks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Kinematics of gait in Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy
Creators: name: Eggebeen, Joel D.
name: Marsh, Anthony P.
name: Markert, Chad D.
name: Childers, Martin K.
name: Kornegay, Joe N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The goal of this study was to quantify the two-dimensional kinematics of pathologic gait during overground walking at a self-selected speed at the stifle (knee) and hock (ankle) joints in six Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD) dogs and six carrier littermates (controls). We found that GRMD dogs walked significantly slower than controls (p < 0.01). At the stifle joint, both groups displayed similar ROM (range of motion), but compared to controls, GRMD dogs walked with the stifle joint relatively more extended. At the hock joint, GRMD dogs displayed less ROM (range of motion) and walked with the joint relatively less flexed compared to controls. We controlled for gait speed in all analyses, so the differences we observed in joint kinematics between groups cannot be attributed solely to the slower walking speed of the GRMD dogs. This is the first kinematic study of gait in the GRMD dog, an important step in using this model in pre-clinical trials.
Multi-minicore disease and atypical periodic paralysis associated with novel mutations in the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene
Creators: name: Mills, Kerry
name: Rose, Michael R.
name: Ghassemi, Farshid
name: Treves, Susan
name: Buk, Stefan
name: Sewry, Caroline A.
name: Abbs, Stephen
name: Norwood, Fiona
name: Muntoni, Francesco
name: Matthews, Emma
name: Dirksen, Robert T.
name: Al-Sarraj, Safa
name: Meissner, Gerhard
name: Feng, Lucy
name: Hanna, Michael
name: Lillis, Suzanne
name: Jungbluth, Heinz
name: Lane, Russell J.M.
name: Zhou, Haiyan
name: Loy, Ryan E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor plays a crucial role in excitation–contraction (EC) coupling and is implicated in various congenital myopathies. The periodic paralyses are a heterogeneous, dominantly inherited group of conditions mainly associated with mutations in the SCN4A and the CACNA1S genes. The interaction between RyR1 and DHPR proteins underlies depolarization-induced Ca2+ release during EC coupling in skeletal muscle. We report a 35-year-old woman presenting with signs and symptoms of a congenital myopathy at birth and repeated episodes of generalized, atypical normokalaemic paralysis in her late teens. Genetic studies of this patient revealed three heterozygous RYR1 substitutions (p.Arg2241X, p.Asp708Asn and p.Arg2939Lys) associated with marked reduction of the RyR1 protein and abnormal DHPR distribution. We conclude that RYR1 mutations may give rise to both myopathies and atypical periodic paralysis, and RYR1 mutations may underlie other unresolved cases of periodic paralysis with unusual features.
A non-perturbative estimate of the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient
Creators: name: Francis, A.
name: Kaczmarek, O.
name: Laine, M.
name: Neuhaus, T.
name: Ohno, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the momentum diffusion coefficient of a heavy quark within a pure SU(3) plasma at a temperature of about 1.5Tc. Large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on a series of lattices extending up to 192^3*48 permit us to carry out a continuum extrapolation of the so-called colour-electric imaginary-time correlator. The extrapolated correlator is analyzed with the help of theoretically motivated models for the corresponding spectral function. Evidence for a non-zero transport coefficient is found and, incorporating systematic uncertainties reflecting model assumptions, we obtain kappa = (1.8 - 3.4)T^3. This implies that the "drag coefficient", characterizing the time scale at which heavy quarks adjust to hydrodynamic flow, is (1.8 - 3.4) (Tc/T)^2 (M/1.5GeV) fm/c, where M is the heavy quark kinetic mass. The results apply to bottom and, with somewhat larger systematic uncertainties, to charm quarks.
description: 18 pages. v2: clarifications added
Untitled ItemThe analysis of the competitive environment of PJSC «Tera»
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Oleksandr
name: Vashkiv, Olesia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation
subject: 140214 Public Economics- Publically Provided Goods

description: Today, the production of confectionery is one of the most developed sectors of the food industry in Ukraine. Confectionery market in Ukraine is highly competitive and saturated. It employs about 800 companies. Apart from that, the domestic market of confectionery is fairly consolidated. Much of confectionery products (60%) are produced and sold by about ten confectionery companies. The main participants in Ukrainian confectionery market are «Roshen», «Korona», «Svitoch», «Conti», «Lyubimov», «AVK» and others. The largest share of the confectionery market in Ukraine is taken by the domestic products. In total, the sales they represent are about 95%.
During the last 8 years the market leader in confectionery is a corporation «Roshen», which in 2018 ranked seventh in the overall ranking of the top 100 brands and Ukraine confidently holds first place among brands confectionery industry. The main struggle for the leading position in the ranking of the top 100 brands in the confectionery field of Ukraine carried out six such brands as «Roshen» «Korona», «Svitoch», «Conti», «AVK» and «Lyubimov». First place in this list surely hold «Roshen», «Korona» and «Svitoch». In a highly competitive market of confectionery creation of products under a particular brand is a prime example of the prevailing competitive advantage that is focused on the consumer. From this perspective, the brand as a competitive advantage of the enterprise allows consumers to identify products and create attractive image of it. From the point of view of the enterprise, the brand is its competitive advantage, which allows the formation of groups of regular consumers, and, therefore, becomes a precious asset of the enterprise.
Today PJSC «Tera» continues to increase production and expanding the existing sales network as well as working to create the brand «Tera». The main priorities of the company are quality products, which is the main competitive advantage of the company.
The main markets of PJSC «Terra» are Ternopil region, Kyiv region and the Western Ukrainian region. The company cooperates with all categories of customers: stores, private entities, companies that sell products in the following cities: Lutsk, Khmelnytsky, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Mukachevo, Uzhgorod, Kyiv, Kalush, Rivne, Alexandria.
The confectionery products of PJSC «Tera» are made by modern technology. The operation of modern equipment, strict observance of technology and sales emphasis on using only high-quality raw materials, original recipes, which are used in the manufacture of confectionery products, environmental products – these are the main competitive advantages of the company «Tera».
Residual HCRF Rotation relative to the Inertial Coordinate System
Creators: name: Bobylev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: VLBI measurements of the absolute proper motions of 23 radio stars have been collected from published data. These are stars with maser emission, or very young stars, or asymptotic-giant-branch stars. By comparing these measurements with the stellar proper motions from the optical catalogs of the Hipparcos Celestial Reference Frame (HCRF), we have found the components of the residual rotation vector of this frame relative to the inertial coordinate system: (ω_x,ω_y,ω_z) = (-0.39,-0.51,-1.25)+/-(0.58,0.57,0.56) mas/yr. Based on all the available data, we have determined new values of the components of the residual rotation vector for the optical realization of the HCRF relative to the inertial coordinate system: (ω_x,ω_y,ω_z) = (-0.15,+0.24,-0.53)+/-(0.11,0.10,0.13) mas/yr.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Supplementary Table S1. from Why are mayflies (Ephemeroptera) lost following small increases in salinity? Three conceptual osmophysiological hypotheses.
Creators: name: Kefford, Ben J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science

description: Summary of studies of freshwater invertebrates showing performance was best at intermediate salinity levels.
One-Way Hysteresis in the Depinning Transition
Creators: name: Maimon, Ron
name: Schwarz, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify a mechanism for a type of hysteresis which we predict to occur in a variety of depinning transitions. We show that the phenomenon of one-way hysteresis is generic to stress-overshoot models of the depinning transition, and we show how to calculate the size of the hysteresis gap exactly in a large class of models. Unlike thermodynamic phase transitions, the dynamic phase transition is still {\em continuous} despite the presence of hysteresis because the terms which produce the hysteresis are renormalization group irrelevant. We discuss the experimental and numerical signatures of one-way hysteresis, which includes microscopic nucleation.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Cultural trade within the Sino-Hollywood landscape : culture creation and the expansion of empire
Creators: name: Guerrero, Enrique Lightsey
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: China
Hollywood
Empire
Global
Cultural imperialism
Third space
Film
Co-production

description: China and Hollywood have been on collision course for several years now, with the rise of the Chinese economy impacting the rest of the world and driving the Chinese film industry. The Chinese film industry is slowly growing in size and coming to rival Hollywood on a global scale. Through studying the effects the Chinese film industry has on Hollywood and Hollywood’s imprint on China and the Chinese film industry, I expand on the idea that Hollywood has created a cultural and media “empire” that spreads into China. Through the global flows of media, the creation of a media “empire”, and the dissection of the “global” brand of Hollywood, I posit that Hollywood has not only come to construct a new “empire” across the world, but that the Chinese film industry has aided in this process, and that through the blending of cultures creates a new “third” space
Characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers in a natural history study of golden retriever muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Kornegay, Joe N.
name: Wilber, Kathy
name: Bagnell, C. Robert
name: Wang, Jiahui
name: Elmore, Sandra
name: Lin, Weili
name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: An, Hongyu
name: Chahin, Nizar
name: Styner, Martin
name: Shiloh-Malawsky, Yael
name: Fan, Zheng
name: Ahn, Mihye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers can quantify disease progression in golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) via a natural history study. The proximal pelvic limbs of ten GRMD and eight normal dogs were scanned at 3, 6, and 9–12months of age. Several MRI imaging and texture analysis biomarkers were quantified in seven muscles. Almost all MRI biomarkers readily distinguished GRMD from control dogs; however, only selected biomarkers tracked with longitudinal disease progression. The biomarkers that performed best were full-length muscle volume and a texture analysis biomarker, termed heterogeneity index. The biceps femoris, semitendinosus and cranial sartorius muscles showed differential progression in GRMD versus control dogs. MRI features in GRMD dogs showed dynamic progression that was most pronounced over the 3- to 6-month period. Volumetric biomarkers and water map values correlated with histopathological features of necrosis/regeneration at 6-months. In conclusion, selected MRI biomarkers (volume and heterogeneity index) in particular muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and cranial sartorius) adjusted for age effect allow distinction of differential longitudinal progression in GRMD dogs. These biomarkers may be used as surrogate outcome measures in preclinical GRMD trials.
Supplementary Table S1. from Why are mayflies (Ephemeroptera) lost following small increases in salinity? Three conceptual osmophysiological hypotheses
Creators: name: Kefford, Ben J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science

description: Summary of studies of freshwater invertebrates showing performance was best at intermediate salinity levels.
(400290) John Neilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Parametric Bilinear Generalized Approximate Message Passing
Creators: name: Parker, Jason T.
name: Schniter, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a scheme to estimate the parameters $b_i$ and $c_j$ of the bilinear form $z_m=\sum_{i,j} b_i z_m^{(i,j)} c_j$ from noisy measurements $\{y_m\}_{m=1}^M$, where $y_m$ and $z_m$ are related through an arbitrary likelihood function and $z_m^{(i,j)}$ are known. Our scheme is based on generalized approximate message passing (G-AMP): it treats $b_i$ and $c_j$ as random variables and $z_m^{(i,j)}$ as an i.i.d.\ Gaussian 3-way tensor in order to derive a tractable simplification of the sum-product algorithm in the large-system limit. It generalizes previous instances of bilinear G-AMP, such as those that estimate matrices $\boldsymbol{B}$ and $\boldsymbol{C}$ from a noisy measurement of $\boldsymbol{Z}=\boldsymbol{BC}$, allowing the application of AMP methods to problems such as self-calibration, blind deconvolution, and matrix compressive sensing. Numerical experiments confirm the accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed approach.
Respiratory dysfunction in unsedated dogs with golden retriever muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: DeVanna, Justin C.
name: Kornegay, Joe N.
name: Bogan, Janet R.
name: Bogan, Daniel J.
name: Hawkins, Eleanor C.
name: Dow, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) is a well-established model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The value of this model would be greatly enhanced with practical tools to monitor progression of respiratory dysfunction during treatment trials. Arterial blood gas analysis, tidal breathing spirometry, and respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) were performed to determine if quantifiable abnormalities could be identified in unsedated, untrained, GRMD dogs. Results from 11 dogs with a mild phenotype of GRMD and 11 age-matched carriers were compared. Arterial blood gas analysis was successfully performed in all dogs, spirometry in 21 of 22 (95%) dogs, and RIP in 18 of 20 (90%) dogs. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate concentration were higher in GRMD dogs. Tidal breathing peak expiratory flows were markedly higher in GRMD dogs. Abnormal abdominal motion was present in 7 of 10 (70%) GRMD dogs. Each technique provided objective, quantifiable measures that will be useful for monitoring respiratory function in GRMD dogs during clinical trials while avoiding the influence of sedation on results. Increased expiratory flows and the pattern of abdominal breathing are novel findings, not reported in people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and might be a consequence of hyperinflation.
Universality in the spectral and eigenfunction properties of random networks
Creators: name: Mendez-Bermudez, J. A.
name: Alcazar-Lopez, A.
name: Martinez-Mendoza, A. J.
name: Rodrigues, Francisco A.
name: Peron, Thomas K. DM.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By the use of extensive numerical simulations we show that the nearest-neighbor energy level spacing distribution $P(s)$ and the entropic eigenfunction localization length of the adjacency matrices of Erdős-Rényi (ER) {\it fully} random networks are universal for fixed average degree $ξ\equiv αN$ ($α$ and $N$ being the average network connectivity and the network size, respectively). We also demonstrate that Brody distribution characterizes well $P(s)$ in the transition from $α=0$, when the vertices in the network are isolated, to $α=1$, when the network is fully connected. Moreover, we explore the validity of our findings when relaxing the randomness of our network model and show that, in contrast to standard ER networks, ER networks with {\it diagonal disorder} also show universality. Finally, we also discuss the spectral and eigenfunction properties of small-world networks.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3-Primed Substrates in Neurotrophin-Induced and Hippocampal Axon Growth
Creators: name: Kaibuchi, Kozo
name: Kim, Woo Yang
name: Zhou, Jiang
name: Zhou, Feng Quan
name: Snider, William D D.
name: Yoshimura, Takeshi
name: Yokota, Yukako
name: Wang, Yan Min
name: Woodgett, James R R.
name: Anton, E. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is thought to mediate morphological responses to a variety of extracellular signals. Surprisingly we found no gross morphological deficits in nervous system development in GSK-3β null mice. We therefore designed an shRNA that targeted both GSK-3 isoforms. Strong knockdown of both GSK-3α and β markedly reduced axon growth in dissociated cultures and slice preparations. We then assessed the role of different GSK-3 substrates in regulating axon morphology. Elimination of activity towards primed substrates only using the GSK-3 R96A mutant was associated with a defect in axon polarity (axon branching) compared to an overall reduction in axon growth induced by a kinase dead mutant. Consistent with this finding, moderate reduction of GSK-3 activity by pharmacological inhibitors induced axon branching and was associated primarily with effects on primed substrates. Our results suggest that GSK-3 is a downstream convergent point for many axon growth regulatory pathways and that differential regulation of primed versus all GSK-3 substrates is associated with a specific morphological outcome.