cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
O'SMIRLIK DAVRIDA O'QUV MOTIVLARINI SHAKLLANTIRISHDA OILANING O'RNI
Creators: name: Andijon shahar Olimpiya va Milliy sport turlari bo`yicha davlat ixtisoslashtirilgan maktab-internati psixologi: N.I.Toshtemirova
name: NamDU Pedagogika va psixologiya fakulteti Psixologiya kafedrasi o'qituvchisi: M. Dexkonova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Kelajagimiz poydevori bo'lgan yoshlarning ta'lim-tarbiyasi, avvalo, oilada shakllanadi. Shaxsga xos bo'lgan xarakter xislatlari, shuningdek, millatimizga xos bo'lgan etnik xususiyatlarimizdan, kattalarni e'zozlash, kichiklarni izzat qilish, Vatanni sevish va burch kabi hislatlarning barchasi oilada shakillanadi.
O'smirlik yoshi -qiziqishlari, xohish va ehtiyojlari turli xil bo'lgan yosh davri hisoblanadi. Bu davrda o'quv motivatsiyasini oshirib borishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. O'quvchi va o'smirlar o'quv faoliyatining ijtimoiy motivlari ularning boshqa odamlar bilan muomalaga kirishish ehtiyoji bilan uzviy bog'liq bo'lib, ularni baholash, quvvatlash, tengdoshlari jamoasida muayyan joy egallash singari talablarda o'z aksini topadi. Mazkur motivlar o'quv faoliyatining mohiyati bilan bog'liq bo'lmay, balki unga yondosh yordamchi faktorlarni anglatadi. Ammo ushbu motivlar o'quvchi va o'smir o'qishiga jiddiy turtki vazifasini bajaradi.
Fermi bubble simulations: black hole feedback in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Ruszkowski, M.
name: Yang, H. -Y. K.
name: Zweibel, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Fermi$ gamma-ray telescope discovered a pair of bubbles at the Galactic center. These structures are spatially-correlated with the microwave emission detected by the WMAP and Planck satellites. These bubbles were likely inflated by a jet launched from the vicinity of a supermassive black hole in the Galactic center. Using MHD simulations, which self-consistently include interactions between cosmic rays and magnetic fields, we build models of the supersonic jet propagation, cosmic ray transport, and the magnetic field amplification within the $Fermi$ bubbles. Our key findings are that: (1) the synthetic $Fermi$ gamma-ray and WMAP microwave spectra based on our simulations are consistent with the observations, suggesting that a single population of cosmic ray leptons may simultaneously explain the emission across a range of photon energies; (2) the model fits the observed centrally-peaked microwave emission if a second, more recent, pair of jets embedded in the $Fermi$ bubbles is included in the model. This is consistent with the observationally-based suggestion made by Su & Finkbeiner (2012); (3) the radio emission from the bubbles is expected to be strongly polarized due to the relatively high level of field ordering caused by elongated turbulent vortices. This effect is caused by the interaction of the shocks driven by the jets with the preexisting interstellar medium turbulence; (4) a layer of enhanced rotation measure in the shock-compressed region could exist in the bubble vicinity but the level of this enhancement depends on the details of the magnetic topology.
description: IAU Symposium No. 303, The Galactic Center: Feeding and Feedback in a Normal Galactic Nucleus
Methods for analyzing the concentration and speciation of major and trace elements in marine particles
Creators: name: Lam, Phoebe J.
name: Twining, Benjamin S.
name: Jeandel, Catherine
name: Roychoudhury, Alakendra
name: Resing, Joseph A.
name: Santschi, Peter H.
name: Anderson, Robert F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Trace elements--Analysis
Chemical oceanography
Biogeochemistry
Isotopes
Chemistry
Chemistry, Physical and theoretical

description: Particles influence trace element and isotope (TEI) cycles through both their elemental composition and fate and their role on the partitioning of dissolved elements through scavenging and dissolution. Because of their complex compositions, a diverse suite of methods is required to analyze marine particles. Here we review some of the varied approaches used to study particle composition, speciation and fate. We focus on high throughput analytical methods that are useful for the international GEOTRACES program, and we also describe new spectroscopic techniques that are now being applied to study the spatial distribution and chemical speciation of TEIs in marine particles.
Deformations of Axially Symmetric Initial Data and the Mass-Angular Momentum Inequality
Creators: name: Cha, Ye Sle
name: Khuri, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how to reduce the general formulation of the mass-angular momentum inequality, for axisymmetric initial data of the Einstein equations, to the known maximal case whenever a geometrically motivated system of equations admits a solution. This procedure is based on a certain deformation of the initial data which preserves the relevant geometry, while achieving the maximal condition and its implied inequality (in a weak sense) for the scalar curvature; this answers a question posed by R. Schoen. The primary equation involved, bears a strong resemblance to the Jang-type equations studied in the context of the positive mass theorem and the Penrose inequality. Each equation in the system is analyzed in detail individually, and it is shown that appropriate existence/uniqueness results hold with the solution satisfying desired asymptotics. Lastly, it is shown that the same reduction argument applies to the basic inequality yielding a lower bound for the area of black holes in terms of mass and angular momentum.
description: 47 pages; final version
H$α$ Star Formation Rates of $z$ > 1 Galaxy Clusters in the IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey
Creators: name: Zeimann, Gregory
name: Stanford, S. A.
name: Brodwin, Mark
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Mancone, Conor
name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Eisenhardt, Peter
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Moustakas, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope near-IR spectroscopy for 18 galaxy clusters at 1.0 < $z$ < 1.5 in the IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey. We use Wide Field Camera 3 grism data to spectroscopically identify H$α$ emitters in both the cores of galaxy clusters as well as in field galaxies. We find a large cluster-to-cluster scatter in the star formation rates within a projected radius of 500 kpc, and many of our clusters (~60%) have significant levels of star formation within a projected radius of 200 kpc. A stacking analysis reveals that dust reddening in these star-forming galaxies is positively correlated with stellar mass and may be higher in the field than the cluster at a fixed stellar mass. This may indicate a lower amount of gas in star-forming cluster galaxies than in the field population. Also, H$α$ equivalent widths of star-forming galaxies in the cluster environment are still suppressed below the level of the field. This suppression is most significant for lower mass galaxies (log M$_{*}$ < 10.0 M$_{\odot}$). We therefore conclude that environmental effects are still important at 1.0 < $z$ < 1.5 for star-forming galaxies in galaxy clusters with log M$_{*}$ < 10.0 M$_{\odot}$.
description: 44 page, 10 figures, 2 tables, and accepted for publication in ApJ
Tianyu: search for the second solar system and explore the dynamic universe
Creators: name: Feng, Fabo
name: Rui, Yicheng
name: Du, Zhimao
name: Lin, Qing
name: Zhang, Congcong
name: Zhou, Dan
name: Cui, Kaiming
name: Ogihara, Masahiro
name: Yang, Ming
name: Lin, Jie
name: Cai, Yongzhi
name: Yang, Taozhi
name: Pang, Xiaoying
name: Jian, Mingjie
name: Li, Wenxiong
name: Guo, Hengxiao
name: Shi, Xian
name: Shi, Jianchun
name: Li, Jianyang
name: Guo, Kangrou
name: Yao, Song
name: Chen, Aming
name: Jia, Peng
name: Tan, Xianyu
name: Jenkins, James S.
name: Jiang, Hongxuan
name: Zhang, Mingyuan
name: Li, Kexin
name: Xiao, Guangyao
name: Zheng, Shuyue
name: Xuan, Yifan
name: Zheng, Jie
name: He, Min
name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
name: Song, Cuiying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant planets like Jupiter and Saturn, play important roles in the formation and habitability of Earth-like planets. The detection of solar system analogs that have multiple cold giant planets is essential for our understanding of planet habitability and planet formation. Although transit surveys such as Kepler and TESS have discovered thousands of exoplanets, these missions are not sensitive to long period planets due to their limited observation baseline. The Tianyu project, comprising two 1-meter telescopes (Tianyu-I and II), is designed to detect transiting cold giant planets in order to find solar system analogs. Featuring a large field of view and equipped with a high-speed CMOS camera, Tianyu-I will perform a high-precision photometric survey of about 100 million stars, measuring light curves at hour-long cadence. The candidates found by Tianyu-I will be confirmed by Tianyu-II and other surveys and follow-up facilities through multi-band photometry, spectroscopy, and high resolution imaging. Tianyu telescopes will be situated at an elevation about 4000 meters in Lenghu, China. With a photometric precision of 1% for stars with V < 18 mag, Tianyu is expected to find more than 300 transiting exoplanets, including about 12 cold giant planets, over five years. A five-year survey of Tianyu would discover 1-2 solar system analogs. Moreover, Tianyu is also designed for non-exoplanetary exploration, incorporating multiple survey modes covering timescales from sub-seconds to months, with a particular emphasis on events occurring within the sub-second to hour range. It excels in observing areas such as infant supernovae, rare variable stars and binaries, tidal disruption events, Be stars, cometary activities, and interstellar objects. These discoveries not only enhance our comprehension of the universe but also offer compelling opportunities for public engagement in scientific exploration.
description: 48 pages, 16 figures, accepted by Acta Astronomica Sinica
Revising midlatitude summer temperatures back to A.D. 600 based on a wood density network
Creators: name: Schneider, Lea
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
name: Büntgen, Ulf
name: Wilson, Rob J.
name: Myglan, Vladimir S.
name: Kirdyanov, Alexander V.
name: Esper, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Dendroclimatology
subject: Weather--Effect of volcanic eruptions on
subject: Global temperature changes
subject: Atmosphere
subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Climatic changes
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Annually resolved and millennium-long reconstructions of large-scale temperature variability are primarily composed of tree ring width (TRW) chronologies. Changes in ring width, however, have recently been shown to bias the ratio between low- and high-frequency signals. To overcome limitations in capturing the full spectrum of past temperature variability, we present a network of 15 maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies distributed across the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Independent subsets of continental-scale records consistently reveal high MXD before 1580 and after 1910, with below average values between these periods. Reconstructed extratropical summer temperatures reflect not only these long-term trends but also distinct cooling pulses after large volcanic eruptions. In contrast to TRW-dominated reconstructions, this MXD-based record indicates a delayed onset of the Little Ice Age by almost two centuries. The reduced memory inherent in MXD is likely responsible for the rapid recovery from volcanic-induced cooling in the fourteenth century and the continuation of warmer temperatures until ~1600.
Ground surface temperature and continental heat gain: uncertainties from underground
Creators: name: Beltrami, Hugo
name: Matharoo, Gurpreet S.
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Terrestrial heat flow--Data processing
subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Earth temperature
subject: Climatic changes

description: Temperature changes at the Earthʼs surface propagate and are recorded underground as perturbations to the equilibrium thermal regime associated with the heat flow from the Earthʼs interior. Borehole climatology is concerned with the analysis and interpretation of these downward propagating subsurface temperature anomalies in terms of surface climate. Proper determination of the steady-state geothermal regime is therefore crucial because it is the reference against which climate-induced subsurface temperature anomalies are estimated. Here, we examine the effects of data noise on the determination of the steady-state geothermal regime of the subsurface and the subsequent impact on estimates of ground surface temperature (GST) history and heat gain. We carry out a series of Monte Carlo experiments using 1000 Gaussian noise realizations and depth sections of 100 and 200 m as for steady-state estimates depth intervals, as well as a range of data sampling intervals from 10 m to 0.02 m. Results indicate that typical uncertainties for 50 year averages are on the order of ±0.02 K for the most recent 100 year period. These uncertainties grow with decreasing sampling intervals, reaching about ±0.1 K for a 10 m sampling interval under identical conditions and target period. Uncertainties increase for progressively older periods, reaching ±0.3 K at 500 years before present for a 10 m sampling interval. The uncertainties in reconstructed GST histories for the Northern Hemisphere for the most recent 50 year period can reach a maximum of ±0.5 K in some areas. We suggest that continuous logging should be the preferred approach when measuring geothermal data for climate reconstructions, and that for those using the International Heat Flow Commission database for borehole climatology, the steady-state thermal conditions should be estimated from boreholes as deep as possible and using a large fitting depth range (~100 m).
The non-universality of the low-mass end of the IMF is robust against the choice of SSP model
Creators: name: Spiniello, Chiara
name: Trager, Scott C.
name: Koopmans, Léon V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a direct comparison of two state-of-the art single stellar population (SSP) models that have been used to demonstrate the non-universality of the low-mass end of the Initial Mass Function (IMF) slope. The two public versions of the SSP models are restricted to either solar abundance patterns or solar metallicity, too restrictive if one aims to disentangle elemental enhancements, metallicity changes and IMF variations in massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) with star formation histories different from the solar neighborhood. We define response functions (to metallicity and α-abundance) to extend the parameter space of each set of models. We compare these extended models with a sample of Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) ETGs spectra with varying velocity dispersions. We measure equivalent widths of optical IMF-sensitive stellar features to examine the effect of the underlying model assumptions and ingredients, such as stellar libraries or isochrones, on the inference of the IMF slope down to ~0.1 solar masses. We demonstrate that the steepening of the low-mass end of the Initial Mass Function (IMF) based on a non-degenerate set of spectroscopic optical indicators is robust against the choice of the stellar population model. Although the models agree in a relative sense (i.e. both imply more bottom-heavy IMFs for more massive systems), we find non-negligible differences on the absolute values of the IMF slope inferred at each velocity dispersion by using the two different models. In particular, we find large inconsistency in the quantitative predictions of IMF slope variations and abundance patterns when sodium lines are used. We investigate the possible reasons for these inconsistencies.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication on ApJ
Quantum Correlations and Coherence in a Moving Unruh-deWitt Detector
Creators: name: Bhuvaneswari, S.
name: Muthuganesan, R.
name: Radha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the quantum correlations and coherence of two accelerating Unruh-deWitt detectors coupled to a scalar field in 3 + 1 Minkowski space-time. We show that the entanglement is completely destroyed in the limit of infinite acceleration while the local quantum uncertainty and l1-norm of coherence remain nonzero. In addition, we also highlight the role of Unruh temperature and energy spacing of detectors on quantum correlations for different choices of initial states.
description: 9 pages, 4 Figures
TELEKO'RSATUVLARDA KASB ETIKASINING O'RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Luiza Toshpo'latova journalist
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu tezis journalist odob-axloq qoidalari haqida bo'lib, jurnalistlar belgilab qo'yilgan qoidalarga amal qilish darajasi va jurnalistlarning  kiyinish odobi oddiy kuzatuvchi uchun qanchalik darajada muhumligi haqida so'z yurutilgan. 
Kalit so'zlari. Odob-axloq, imij, axborot, xabar,
DAVLAT BOSHQARUVI SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISHDA LEGITIMLIK OMILINING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Xo'jaqulova Bonu Husniddin qizi O'zbekiston Milliy Universiteti "Siyosatshunoslik" yo'nalishi talabasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Legitimacy has always been one of the important factors in increasing the efficiency of state administration, that is, citizens' positive assessment of the government, its compliance with the law, recognition of the right to rule, and willingness to obey voluntarily.This article is about legitimacy, in which the role and importance of legitimacy in the effectiveness of power, its different aspects from legality, the opinions of a number of scientists, politicians and statesmen on the same topic, the types of legitimacy and the manifestations of these types countries, governments and individuals, personal opinions and suggestions on increasing legitimacy, and a number of issues related to such legitimacy.
KEY WORDS: egitimacy, power, society, political institution, efficiency, legality, authority, principle, traditional legitimacy, state, monarchical rule, monetary reform, normalization, inflation, charismatic legitimacy, political leader, Caesarism, rational legitimacy, legal norms, election, president, vice president, political party, political system, institutional legitimacy.
Improved Analyses for SP and CoSaMP Algorithms in Terms of Restricted Isometry Constants
Creators: name: Song, Chao-Bing
name: Xia, Shu-Tao
name: Liu, Xin-ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the context of compressed sensing (CS), both Subspace Pursuit (SP) and Compressive Sampling Matching Pursuit (CoSaMP) are very important iterative greedy recovery algorithms which could reduce the recovery complexity greatly comparing with the well-known $\ell_1$-minimization. Restricted isometry property (RIP) and restricted isometry constant (RIC) of measurement matrices which ensure the convergency of iterative algorithms play key roles for the guarantee of successful reconstructions. In this paper, we show that for the $s$-sparse recovery, the RICs are enlarged to $δ_{3s}<0.4859$ for SP and $δ_{4s}<0.5$ for CoSaMP, which improve the known results significantly. The proposed results also apply to almost sparse signal and corrupted measurements.
Sufficient observables for large scale structure in galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Carron, Julien
name: Szapudi, Istvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beyond the linear regime, the power spectrum and higher order moments of the matter field no longer capture all cosmological information encoded in density fluctuations. While non-linear transforms have been proposed to extract this information lost to traditional methods, up to now, the way to generalize these techniques to discrete processes was unclear; ad hoc extensions had some success. We pointed out in Carron and Szapudi (2013) that the logarithmic transform approximates extremely well the optimal "sufficient statistics", observables that extract all information from the (continuous) matter field. Building on these results, we generalize optimal transforms to discrete galaxy fields. We focus our calculations on the Poisson sampling of an underlying lognormal density field. We solve and test the one-point case in detail, and sketch out the sufficient observables for the multi-point case. Moreover, we present an accurate approximation to the sufficient observables in terms of the mean and spectrum of a non-linearly transformed field. We find that the corresponding optimal non-linear transformation is directly related to the maximum a posteriori Bayesian reconstruction of the underlying continuous field with a lognormal prior as put forward in Kitaura et al (2010). Thus simple recipes for realizing the sufficient observables can be built on previously proposed algorithms that have been successfully implemented and tested in simulations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted
A simple mathematical theory for Simple Volatile Memristors and their spiking circuits
Creators: name: Kamsma, T. M.
name: van Roij, R.
name: Spitoni, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In pursuit of neuromorphic (brain-inspired) devices, memristors (memory-resistors) have emerged as effective components for emulating neuronal circuitry. Here we formally define a class of Simple Volatile Memristors (SVMs) based on a simple conductance equation of motion from which we build a simple mathematical theory on the dynamics of isolated SVMs and SVM-based spiking circuits. Notably, SVMs include various fluidic iontronic devices that have recently garnered significant interest due to their unique quality of operating within the same medium as the brain. Specifically we show that symmetric SVMs produce non self-crossing current-voltage hysteresis loops, while asymmetric SVMs produce self-crossing loops. Additionally, we derive a general expression for the enclosed area in a loop, providing a relation between the voltage frequency and the SVM memory timescale. These general results are shown to materialise in physical finite-element calculations of microfluidic memristors. An SVM-based circuit has been proposed that exhibits all-or-none and tonic neuronal spiking. We generalise and analyse this spiking circuit, characterising it as a two-dimensional dynamical system. Moreover, we demonstrate that stochastic effects can induce novel neuronal firing modes absent in the deterministic case. Through our analysis, the circuit dynamics are well understood, while retaining its explicit link with the physically plausible underlying system.
A Tidal Disruption Event in a Nearby Galaxy Hosting an Intermediate Mass Black Hole
Creators: name: Donato, Davide
name: Cenko, Stephen Bradley
name: Covino, Stefano
name: Troja, Eleonora
name: Pursimo, Tapio
name: Cheung, Chi C.
name: Fox, Ori D.
name: Kutyrev, Alexander S.
name: Campana, Sergio
name: Fugazza, Dino
name: Landt, Hermine
name: Butler, Nathaniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the serendipitous discovery of a bright point source flare in the Abell cluster 1795 with archival EUVE and Chandra observations. Assuming the EUVE emission is associated with the Chandra source, the X-ray 0.5-7 keV flux declined by a factor of ~2300 over a time span of 6 years, following a power-law decay with index ~2.44+-0.40. The Chandra data alone vary by a factor of ~20. The spectrum is well fit by a blackbody with a constant temperature of kT~0.09 keV (~10^6 K). The flare is spatially coincident with the nuclear region of a faint, inactive galaxy with a photometric redshift consistent at the one sigma level with the cluster (z=0.062476). We argue that these properties are indicative of a tidal disruption of a star by a black hole with log(M_BH/M_sun)~5.5+-0.5. If so, such a discovery indicates that tidal disruption flares may be used to probe black holes in the intermediate mass range, which are very difficult to study by other means.
description: 51 pages (single column), 4 figures; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Continuous gravitational wave emission from neutron stars with pinned superfluids in the core
Creators: name: Haskell, Brynmor
name: Antonelli, Marco
name: Pizzochero, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of a pinned superfluid component on the gravitational wave emission of a rotating neutron star. Pinning of superfluid vortices to the flux-tubes in the outer core (where the protons are likely to form a type-II superconductor) is a possible mechanism to sustain long-lived and non-axisymmetric neutron currents in the interior, that break the axial symmetry of the unperturbed hydrostatic configuration. We consider pinning-induced perturbations to a stationary corotating configuration, and determine upper limits on the strength of gravitational wave emission due to the pinning of vortices with a strong toroidal magnetic field of the kind predicted by recent magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of neutron star interiors. We estimate the contributions to gravitational wave emission from both the mass and current multipole generated by the pinned vorticity in the outer core, and find that the mass quadrupole can be large enough for gravitational waves to provide the dominant spindown torque in millisecond pulsars.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Untangling the role of oxide in Ga-assisted growth of GaAs nanowires on Si substrates
Creators: name: Matteini, F.
name: Tutuncuoglu, G.
name: Rüffer, D.
name: Alarcon-Llado, E.
name: Morral, A. Fontcuberta i
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the oxide in Ga-assisted growth of GaAs nanowires on Si substrates is investigated. Three different types of oxides with different structure and chemistry are considered. We observe that the critical oxide thicknesses needed for achieving nanowire growth depends on the nature of oxide and how it is processed. Additionally, we find that different growth conditions such as temperature and Ga rate are needed for successful nanowire growth on different oxides. We generalize the results in terms of the characteristics of the oxides such as surface roughness, stoichiometry and thickness. These results constitute a step further towards the integration of GaAs technology on the Si platform.
description: 10 pages and 10 figures
Dead Sea drawdown and monsoonal impacts in the Levant during the last interglacial
Creators: name: Torfstein, Adi
name: Goldstein, Steven L.
name: Kushnir, Yochanan
name: Enzel, Yehouda
name: Haug, Gerald
name: Stein, Mordechai
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Sediments (Geology)
subject: Climatic changes
subject: Monsoons
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Sediment cores recovered by the Dead Sea Deep Drilling Project (DSDDP) from the deepest basin of the hypersaline, terminal Dead Sea (lake floor at ∼725 m below mean sea level) reveal the detailed climate history of the lake's watershed during the last interglacial period (Marine Isotope Stage 5; MIS5). The results document both a more intense aridity during MIS5 than during the Holocene, and the moderating impacts derived from the intense MIS5e African Monsoon. Early MIS5e (∼133–128 ka) was dominated by hyperarid conditions in the Eastern Mediterranean–Levant, indicated by thick halite deposition triggered by a lake-level drop. Halite deposition was interrupted however, during the MIS5e peak (∼128–122 ka) by sequences of flood deposits, which are coeval with the timing of the intense precession-forced African monsoon that generated Mediterranean sapropel S5. A subsequent weakening of this humidity source triggered extreme aridity in the Dead Sea watershed and resulting in the biggest known lake level drawdown in its history, reflected by the deposition of thick salt layers, and a capping pebble layer corresponding to a hiatus at ∼116–110 ka. The DSDDP core provides the first evidence for a direct association of the African monsoon with mid subtropical latitude climate systems effecting the Dead Sea watershed. Combined with coeval deposition of Arabia and southern Negev speleothems, Arava travertines, and calcification of Red Sea corals, the evidence points to a climatically wet corridor that could have facilitated homo sapiens migration “out of Africa” during the MIS5e peak. The hyperaridity documented during MIS5e may provide an important analogue for future warming of arid regions of the Eastern Mediterranean–Levant.
Hard Thermal Loop -- theory and applications
Creators: name: Haque, Najmul
name: Mustafa, Munshi G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we present the key aspects of modern thermal perturbation theory based on the hard thermal loop (HTL) approximation, including its theoretical foundations and applications within quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plasmas. To maintain conciseness, we focus on scenarios in thermal equilibrium, examining a variety of physical quantities and settings. Specifically, we explore both bulk thermodynamic properties and real-time observables in high-temperature domains relevant to heavy-ion physics.
description: Review article; An invited review in "Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics", Elsevier
The Era of Star Formation in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Brodwin, M.
name: Stanford, S. A.
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Zeimann, G. R.
name: Snyder, G. F.
name: Mancone, C. L.
name: Pope, A.
name: Eisenhardt, P. R.
name: Stern, D.
name: Alberts, S.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Brown, M. J. I.
name: Chary, R. -R.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Galametz, A.
name: Gettings, D. P.
name: Jannuzi, B. T.
name: Miller, E. D.
name: Moustakas, J.
name: Moustakas, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the star formation properties of 16 infrared-selected, spectroscopically confirmed galaxy clusters at $1 < z < 1.5$ from the Spitzer/IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey (ISCS). We present new spectroscopic confirmation for six of these high-redshift clusters, five of which are at $z>1.35$. Using infrared luminosities measured with deep Spitzer/MIPS observations at 24 $μ$m, along with robust optical+IRAC photometric redshifts and SED-fitted stellar masses, we present the dust-obscured star-forming fractions, star formation rates and specific star formation rates in these clusters as functions of redshift and projected clustercentric radius. We find that $z\sim 1.4$ represents a transition redshift for the ISCS sample, with clear evidence of an unquenched era of cluster star formation at earlier times. Beyond this redshift the fraction of star-forming cluster members increases monotonically toward the cluster centers. Indeed, the specific star formation rate in the cores of these distant clusters is consistent with field values at similar redshifts, indicating that at $z>1.4$ environment-dependent quenching had not yet been established in ISCS clusters. Combining these observations with complementary studies showing a rapid increase in the AGN fraction, a stochastic star formation history, and a major merging episode at the same epoch in this cluster sample, we suggest that the starburst activity is likely merger-driven and that the subsequent quenching is due to feedback from merger-fueled AGN. The totality of the evidence suggests we are witnessing the final quenching period that brings an end to the era of star formation in galaxy clusters and initiates the era of passive evolution.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Deep learning for cosmological parameter inference from a dark matter halo density field
Creators: name: Min, Zhiwei
name: Xiao, Xu
name: Ding, Jiacheng
name: Xiao, Liang
name: Jiang, Jie
name: Wu, Donglin
name: Lin, Qiufan
name: Wang, Yang
name: Liu, Shuai
name: Chen, Zhixin
name: Li, Xiangru
name: Zhang, Jinqu
name: Zhang, Le
name: Li, Xiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a lightweight deep convolutional neural network (lCNN) to estimate cosmological parameters from simulated three-dimensional dark matter (DM) halo distributions and associated statistics. The training dataset comprises 2000 realizations of a cubic box with a side length of 1000 $h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$, and interpolated over a cubic grid of $300^3$ voxels, with each simulation produced using $512^3$ DM particles and $512^3$ neutrinos. Under the flat $Λ$CDM model, simulations vary standard six cosmological parameters including $Ω_m$, $Ω_b$, $h$, $n_s$, $σ_8$, $w$, along with the neutrino mass sum, $M_ν$. We find that: 1) within the framework of lCNN, extracting large-scale structure information is more efficient from the halo density field compared to relying on the statistical quantities including the power spectrum, the two-point correlation function, and the coefficients from wavelet scattering transform; 2) combining the halo density field with its Fourier transformed counterpart enhances predictions, while augmenting the training dataset with measured statistics further improves performance; 3) achieving high accuracy in inferring $Ω_m$, $h$, and $σ_8$ by the neural network model, while being inefficient in predicting $Ω_b$, { $n_s$}, $M_ν$ and $w$; 4) { compared to the simple fully connected network trained with three statistical quantities, our CNN yields statistically reduced errors, showing improvements of approximately 23\% for $Ω_m$, 11\% for $h$, 8\% for $n_s$, and 21\% for $σ_8$. Additionally, in comparison with the likelihood-based analysis on $P(k)$ data, our CNN provides much tighter constraints on parameters, especially on $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$.} Our study emphasizes this lCNN-based novel approach in extracting large-scale structure information and estimating cosmological parameters.
description: v2: matches the version published in PRD,17 pages,12 figures
Differences Among Subtropical Surface Salinity Patterns
Creators: name: Gordon, Arnold L.
name: Giulivi, Claudia F.
name: Busecke, Julius J. M.
name: Bingham, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ocean circulation
Oceanic mixing
Salinity--Measurement
Chemical oceanography

description: The subtropical ocean, exposed to evaporation excess over precipitation, is characterized by regional sea surface salinity maxima (SSS-max). Ocean circulation and mixing processes inject freshwater, establishing a quasi-steady state, though imbalances across the time spectrum result in periods of increasing and decreasing SSS-max. The integrated effect of the array of atmospheric and oceanic forces governing sea surface salinity is shaped by the specific regional ocean basin configuration as well as their coupling to the global ocean system, resulting in SSS-max patterns and locations that display marked differences between the subtropical regimes. We provide a brief description of the SSS-max characteristics of the five subtropical regimes and present aspects of their regional settings that may account for their dissimilarities.
The Combination of Education and Hypnotherapy Optimizes Diabetes Self-Management and Fasting Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Creators: name: Paulus Subiyanto
name: Muhamed Saifulaman
name: Scholatica Alfrida Puspasari
name: Emmelia Ratnawati
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education, Diabetes Self-management, hypnotherapy, fasting blood glucose, DM type 2.

description: Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease with signs of hyperglycemia. Self-management education and support are key to successful complication control and prevention. Hypnotherapy, although limited, has promising potential in diabetes management. Purposes: This study aims to explore the effect of education and hypnotherapy on Diabetes Self-Management (DSM) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of type 2 DM patients. Methods: The study was conducted with a quasi-experimental pre and post-test design. A total of 34 respondents participated based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, further divided into control and intervention groups. Results: A total of 88.2% of respondents were female, average age 57 years (50-64), 70.6% had a secondary school education, and 100% consumed OHO. In one week there were significant differences in mean DSM scores and FBG before and after the intervention that were greater than those of the control (+23.12 vs. +0.64; +42.41 vs. +21.76 mg/dL; p = 0.000). The difference between the two interventions had a significant effect on the mean DSM score (p = 0.000) but not on the mean FBG (p = 0.645). The decline in FBG was greater in the intervention group than in the control. Conclusions: A combination of education and hypnotherapy is effective for improving DSM and FBG in type 2 DM patients. Further research is needed with more respondents and a longer time to determine the results of the study.
First studies with the Resistive-Plate WELL gaseous multiplier
Creators: name: Rubin, A.
name: Arazi, L.
name: Bressler, S.
name: Moleri, L.
name: Pitt, M.
name: Breskin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of first studies of the Resistive Plate WELL (RPWELL): a single-faced THGEM coupled to a copper anode via a resistive layer of high bulk resistivity. We explored various materials of different bulk resistivity (10^9 - 10^12 Ohm cm) and thickness (0.4 - 4 mm). Our most successful prototype, with a 0.6 mm resistive plate of ~10^9 Ohm cm, achieved gains of up to 10^5 with 8 keV x-ray in Ne/5%CH4; a minor 30% gain drop occurred with a rate increase from 10 to 10^4 Hz/mm^2. The detector displayed a full "discharge-free" operation--even when exposed to high primary ionization events. We present the RPWELL detector concept and compare its performance to that of other previously explored THGEM configurations--in terms of gain, its curves, dependence on rate, and the response to high ionization. The robust Resistive Plate WELL concept is a step forward in the Micro-Pattern Gas-Detector family, with numerous potential applications.
description: Submitted to JINST
Dual-comb-enhanced microwave clock synchronization over commercial fiber
Creators: name: Chen, Ziyang
name: Yu, Dongrui
name: Lu, Ganbin
name: Zhang, Yufei
name: Yu, Song
name: Luo, Bin
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-scale clock network is the key ingredient to obtain high precision in many scenarios, from fundamental research to cutting-edge applications. The advantage of the time synchronization among microwave clocks is their cost, size, and accessibility. Here, we demonstrate a femtosecond-level time synchronization of microwave clocks through a commercial link of 205.86 km via dual-comb-enhanced optical two-way time transfer, which achieves a 6.23-fs residual time deviation between synchronized timescales at 1 s and an instability below 6E-18 at 10,000 s. Further, the high-precision time synchronization of microwave clocks significantly enhances the probe ability of subtle reciprocity changes of fiber to the sub-picosecond level. This work provides a path toward secure fiber time-frequency networks to support future microwave-clock-based precise timing and sensing systems.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Corn silage and TMR feed preweaning calves
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Animal nutrition

description: Table S1 The nutrient compositions (DM basis) of corn silage used in this experiment. Figure S1 Venn diagram illustrating the overlap of microbial OTUs at 3% dissimilarity level among treatments. Figure S2 The shared bacterial genera across all rumen samples of dairy calves. Figure S3 Ruminal bacteria changed among treatments based on LEfSe.
Analytical Studies of Quasi Steady-State Model in Power System Long-Term Stability Analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaozhe
name: Chiang, Hsiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, a theoretical foundation for the Quasi Steady-State (QSS) model in power system long-term stability analysis is developed. Sufficient conditions under which the QSS model gives accurate approximations of the long-term stability model in terms of trajectory and !-limit set are derived. These sufficient conditions provide some physical insights regarding the reason for the failure of the QSS model. Additionally, several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the analytical results derived.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I
Bottom water export from the western Ross Sea, 2007 through 2010
Creators: name: Gordon, Arnold L.
name: Huber, Bruce A.
name: Busecke, Julius J. M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ocean circulation
Salinity--Measurement
Chemical oceanography

description: Bottom water export from the Ross Sea, February 2007 to January 2011, exhibits seasonal and interannual variability. Temperature minima coupled to salinity maxima in late austral summer, into the fall, indicate input from High-Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW). Secondary temperature minima lacking the high-salinity trait, characteristic of Low-Salinity Shelf Water (LSSW), appear in the spring. Warmer bottom water similar to modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) is observed in winter and in early summer. The LSSW and mCDW may be drawn from the Drygalski Basin, as the HSSW pool retreats poleward from the shelf break in response to increased winter polar easterlies allowing these less dense overlying waters to spill into the deep ocean within the benthic layer. Bottom salinity decreased from 2007 to 2011 by 0.007 year−1 significantly higher than regional decadal trends, which we propose is a result of HSSW retreat induced by strengthening polar easterlies.
RECONSTRUCTION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST FISH THEFT IN INDONESIAN TERRITORIAL WATERS BY CORPORATIONS
Creators: name: SAHAT MARISI HASIBUAN
name: LAZARUS TRI SETYAWANTA
name: RB SULARTO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Reconstruction, Law, Enforcement, Illegal Fishing, Corporation.

description: Abstract
This study aims to study; 1) What are the problems in law enforcement of illegal fishing committed by corporations in Indonesian territorial waters?; 2) How is the reconstruction of law enforcement against the criminal act of fish theft in Indonesian territorial waters by corporations"? The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, concept approach, and case study approach. The results showed that; 1) the problems in law enforcement of illegal fishing committed by corporations in Indonesian territorial waters, namely There are many cases of corporations committing illegal fishing crimes in order to get far greater profits than fishing legally. Some cases can be seen only stopped at people who do it, namely the Fishing Master or Skipper and Crew (ABK) but have not reached out to the corporation. Article 101 of the Fisheries Law states that if the crime is committed by a corporation, the corporation will also be subject to criminal sanctions through its management. The provision of criminal sanctions to corporate administrators for corporations that commit illegal fishing crimes causes problems. 2) Reconstruction of law enforcement against the criminal act of fish theft in Indonesian territorial waters by corporations requires revision of Law No. 45 of 2009 concerning Fisheries. Corporate liability in article 101 is a form of criminal provision for illegal fishing crimes and if the corporation commits illegal fishing crimes listed in the article, then criminal charges and sanctions can be imposed against its management and the fine is 1/3 of the crime imposed which is not comparable to the crime committed by the Corporation.
Corn silage and TMR feed preweaning calves
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022

description: Table S1 The nutrient compositions (DM basis) of corn silage used in this experiment. Figure S1 Venn diagram illustrating the overlap of microbial OTUs at 3% dissimilarity level among treatments. Figure S2 The shared bacterial genera across all rumen samples of dairy calves. Figure S3 Ruminal bacteria changed among treatments based on LEfSe.