cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparing Statistics of Precipitation Variations during the American Monsoon in CESM1
Creators: name: Kim, Sung Min
name: Neale, Richard
name: Raeder, Kevin
name: Coleman, Dani
name: Dagon, Katie
name: Brothers, Kimberly
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

The summer-time American Monsoon region experiences large variations in precipitation, leading to significant impacts on hydrology. These fluctuations are poorly represented in climate models, making it challenging for predicting future changes and enforcing countermeasures. The project analyzed the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)'s Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) Large-Ensemble to determine how robust and reliable the model is at predicting the monsoon on seasonal and daily timescales. It examined the precipitation over the US, focusing on the Southwest summer-time monsoon, how it is simulated and how it might change in the future. Examination of pre-industrial, present day and future CESM1 simulations revealed that the monsoon simulation is somewhat deficient compared to observations. Rather than a localized maximum centered over the Arizona and New Mexico regions, there is a westward extension of the spurious north-south elongated precipitation feature positioned along the Eastern Rocky Mountains. Furthermore, the seasonality of the monsoon exhibited a shift of about a month, with the onset moving closer to August and significant rains still seen in September. These simulation shortcomings could call into question the reliability of future projections. The dominant climate change simulated showed an increase in monsoon rainfall and humidity, consistent with the inevitable surface temperature rise. The location of these increases are, however, distant from the observed and are co-located with the model’s main precipitation bias. An analysis of the daily precipitation PDF revealed that the model does not predict a significant change in extreme events and reflected the same regional biases.
Straightening: Existence, uniqueness and stability
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
name: Ogden, Ray W.
name: Sgura, Ivonne
name: Vergori, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the least studied universal deformations of incompressible nonlinear elasticity, namely the straightening of a sector of a circular cylinder into a rectangular block, is revisited here and, in particular, issues of existence and stability are addressed. Particular attention is paid to the system of forces required to sustain the large static deformation, including by the application of end couples. The influence of geometric parameters and constitutive models on the appearance of wrinkles on the compressed face of the block is also studied. Different numerical methods for solving the incremental stability problem are compared and it is found that the impedance matrix method, based on the resolution of a matrix Riccati differential equation, is the more precise.
Decaying Majoron Dark Matter and Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent proposal by Lattanzi & Valle of the majoron as a suitable warm dark matter candidate. The majoron is the Goldstone boson associated to the spontaneous breaking of ungauged lepton number, one of the mechanisms proposed to give rise to neutrino masses. The majoron can acquire a mass through quantum gravity effects, and can possibly account for the observed dark matter component of the Universe. We present constraints on the majoron lifetime, mass and abundance obtained by the analysis of the cosmic microwave background data. We find that, in the case of thermal production, the limits for the majoron mass read 0.12 keV
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to proceedings of the 4th Sino-Italian Workshop on Relativistic Astrophysics, Pescara, 20-30 July 2007
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (258)]
Creators: name: Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1396
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Johanes de Bossis, Abt des Klosters St. Petri in Civate, verpachtet dem Andriollus de Ferariis, Sohn des verstorbenen Jacobus, seinerseits genannt Puga, und weiteren genannten Personen, alle wohnhaft in Annone [di Brianza], gehörig zur plebs von Oggiono im comitatus Mailand, die Fischereirechte am Lago di Annono.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (261)]
Creators: name: De Summo, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1396
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Johannes de Summo, genannt Niger, Sohn und Erbe des Cininus, seinerseits Sohn des verstorbenen Montanus de Summo, aus der Nachbarschaft von St. Vincentii in Cremona, verpflichtet sich gegenüber Petrus de Oldrandis, Thomas de Zohannis, Folchinus de Zanasiis und Zuynus de Paniciis, alle Kanoniker der Kathedrale in Cremona, unter Strafe der Pfändung aller seiner Güter, einen im Testament diesen Geistlichen zugesprochenen goldenen Kelch bis zum Osterfest des Folgejahres anfertigen zu lassen.
Linking OpenStreetMap with Knowledge Graphs -- Link Discovery for Schema-Agnostic Volunteered Geographic Information
Creators: name: Tempelmeier, Nicolas
name: Demidova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Representations of geographic entities captured in popular knowledge graphs such as Wikidata and DBpedia are often incomplete. OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a rich source of openly available, volunteered geographic information that has a high potential to complement these representations. However, identity links between the knowledge graph entities and OSM nodes are still rare. The problem of link discovery in these settings is particularly challenging due to the lack of a strict schema and heterogeneity of the user-defined node representations in OSM. In this article, we propose OSM2KG - a novel link discovery approach to predict identity links between OSM nodes and geographic entities in a knowledge graph. The core of the OSM2KG approach is a novel latent, compact representation of OSM nodes that captures semantic node similarity in an embedding. OSM2KG adopts this latent representation to train a supervised model for link prediction and utilises existing links between OSM and knowledge graphs for training. Our experiments conducted on several OSM datasets, as well as the Wikidata and DBpedia knowledge graphs, demonstrate that OSM2KG can reliably discover identity links. OSM2KG achieves an F1 score of 92.05% on Wikidata and of 94.17% on DBpedia on average, which corresponds to a 21.82 percentage points increase in F1 score on Wikidata compared to the best performing baselines.
The impact of volcanic eruptions on ocean pH
Creators: name: Olivarez, Holly
name: Lovenduski, Nikki
name: Smith, Bernard J.
name: Maroon, Elizabeth
name: Wang, Siyuan
name: Piersante, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

Volcanic eruptions can have a major influence on the Earth system. Aerosols, gas molecules, and fine ash particles from large explosive eruptions can remain in the stratosphere for months to years, decreasing incoming solar radiation and causing Earth’s surface to cool. Eruption records reflect temperature decreases significant enough to disrupt the water cycle and reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. The impact of volcanic eruptions on ocean biogeochemistry has not been well studied, yet there is a pressing need to explore this topic because volcanic eruptions are analogous to radiation management geoengineering schemes and to the climate effects of a potential nuclear conflict.  Understanding these effects may also help us understand the effects of past asteroid collisions with the Earth. Using output from the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (CESM-LE), which includes atmospheric and biogeochemistry components, we investigated the effects of three major volcanic eruptions in the past (Agung 1963, El Chichón 1982, Mount Pinatubo 1991) on the modeled ocean potential hydrogen (pH.) Ocean pH is a measure of ocean acidity that is closely tied to temperature, salinity, and carbon dioxide solubility in seawater. We show that sea surface temperatures decrease following a volcanic eruption (see figure below) and global ocean pH rises in the next two to three years. We further show this effect is amplified in the equatorial Pacific as a result of slower upwelling of corrosive water during an El Niño-like event, which supports current scientific discussion regarding El Niño-like responses following a volcanic eruption.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (262)]
Creators: name: Andreas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1397
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Andreas de Verderio, Abt des Klosters St. Thomae in Cremona, belehnt den Andriolus de Veturelis, Sohn des Antoniolus, aus der Nachbarschaft von St. Sepulcri in Cremona für neun Jahre mit einem Stück Land, gelegen im Stadtgebiet Cremonas.
Erratum: Detection of diffuse TeV gamma-ray emission from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253
Creators: name: Itoh, C.
name: Enomoto, R.
name: Yanagita, S.
name: Yoshida, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CANGAROO-II telescope observed sub-TeV gamma-ray emission from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253. The emission region was extended with a radial size of 0.3-0.6 degree. On the contrary, H.E.S.S could not confirm this emission and gave upper limits at the level of the CANGAROO-II flux. In order to resolve this discrepancy, we analyzed new observational results for NGC 253 by CANGAROO-III and also assessed the results by CANGAROO-II. Observation was made with three telescopes of the CANGAROO-III in October 2004. We analyzed three-fold coincidence data by the robust Fisher Discriminant method to discriminate gamma ray events from hadron events. The result by the CANGAROO-III was negative. The upper limit of gamma ray flux was 5.8% Crab at 0.58 TeV for point-source assumption. In addition, the significance of the excess flux of gamma-rays by the CANGAROO-II was lowered to less than 4 sigma after assessing treatment of malfunction of photomultiplier tubes.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in A&A, erratum for A&A 396, L1-L4(2002). A&A 402, 443-455(2003)
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (265)]
Creators: name: Fachinus De Bonsegnoribus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1398
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Fachinus de Bonsegnoribus, Sohn des verstorbenen Lafranchus, wohnhaft in der Nachbarschaft von St. Laurentii in Lodi, verpachtet dem Baxianus Bossus, Sohn des verstorbenen Ayroldus, dem Symon Bossus, Sohn des genannten Baxianus, und dem Cominus Bossus, Sohn des verstorbenen Johannes, alle wohnhaft im Stadtgebiet von Lodi, verschiedene Ländereien.
Infrared Spectroscopy of the Diffuse Ionized Halo of NGC 891
Creators: name: Rand, Richard J.
name: Wood, Kenneth
name: Benjamin, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present infrared spectroscopy from the Spitzer Space Telescope at one disk position and two positions at a height of 1 kpc from the disk in the edge-on spiral NGC 891, with the primary goal of studying halo ionization. Our main result is that the [Ne III]/[Ne II] ratio, which provides a measure of the hardness of the ionizing spectrum free from the major problems plaguing optical line ratios, is enhanced in the extraplanar pointings relative to the disk pointing. Using a 2D Monte Carlo-based photo-ionization code which accounts for the effects of radiation field hardening, we find that this trend cannot be reproduced by any plausible photo-ionization model, and that a secondary source of ionization must therefore operate in gaseous halos. We also present the first spectroscopic detections of extraplanar PAH features in an external normal galaxy. If they are in an exponential layer, very rough emission scale-heights of 330-530 pc are implied for the various features. Extinction may be non-negligible in the midplane and reduce these scale-heights significantly. There is little significant variation in the relative emission from the various features between disk and extraplanar environment. Only the 17.4 micron feature is significantly enhanced in the extraplanar gas compared to the other features, possibly indicating a preference for larger PAHs in the halo.
description: 35 pages in ApJ preprint format, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. Minor change to Introduction to give appropriate credit to earlier, related work
The origin and evolution of Taiwanese nationalism, 1921-1947
Creators: name: Yang, Mike Kai-Kan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis analyzes the development of the nationalist movement in Taiwan during the period 1921-1947. In particular, the thesis traces the confluence of the movement into pro-independence "Taiwanese" and pro-reunification "Chinese" nationalist groups. Some scholars have suggested that a strong "Taiwanese" nationalism emerged as an immediate response to the ceding of the island to Japan in 1895, and has remained as an unchanging force in Taiwanese politics to this day. The author shows that this is not the case: nationalism as a strong political force did not emerge until the early 1920s, and was initially overwhelmingly "Chinese" rather than "Taiwanese" in content. Modern "Taiwanese" nationalism as we now know it - staunchly pro-independence in nature - did not emerge until the late 1940s. Using concepts first formulated by political scientists Anthony Smith and Ernest Gellner, the thesis examines the changing content of nationalism in Taiwan. Following Smith and Gellner, the author distinguishes between the political and ethnic underpinnings of modern nationalism, and equates "Taiwanese" nationalism with a predominantly "statist" argument, while associating pan-Chinese nationalism with an "ethnicist" point of view. This allows the author to identify three distinct phases in the evolution of the nationalist movement in Taiwan. Each phase was characterized by a different domestic political situation, which in turn influenced the content of the nationalist movement. Japanese rule prompted one nationalist response, while the initial period of renewed mainland rule created a quite different one. Finally, the increasingly oppressive rule of the central government, culminating in the Erh Erh Pa incident and the White Terror, provoked yet another type of nationalism. The thesis examines each phase in turn and reveals that each was characterized by a different degree of cooperation/conflict between the "ethnicist" and "statist" elements. As the author shows, the professed goals of the nationalist movement tended to oscillate between the extremes of pro-reunification and pro-independence, depending on whether the "statist" or "ethnicist" camp was dominant within the movement.
Black Holes, Holography and Moduli Space Metric
Creators: name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Sen, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory can accommodate black holes with the black hole parameters related to string moduli. It is a well known but remarkable feature that the near horizon geometry of a large class of black holes arising from string theory contains a BTZ part. A mathematical theorem (Sullivan's Theorem) relates the three dimensional geometry of the BTZ metric to the conformal structures of a two dimensional space, thus providing a precise kinematic statement of holography. Using this theorem it is possible to argue that the string moduli space in this region has to have negative curvature from the BTZ part of the associated spacetime. This is consistent with a recent conjecture of Ooguri and Vafa on string moduli space.
description: 6 pages, Latex file
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (266)]
Creators: name: Francischus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1398
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Der Franziskaner Francischus de Crepa, professor sacrae paginae und Generalvikar des Petrus Filagrus, seinerseits Bischof von Novara und comes, bestätigt dem Azinus Capra, Sohn des Bartholomeus Capra, Kleriker und beneficialis der Kirche St. Johannis de Monte Orsano im Bistum Novara, die Übertragung dieser Kirche als Präbende.
An Update and Re-Estimation of the ERS Livestock Baseline Model
Creators: name: Maples, William E.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Hahn, William F.
name: MacLachlan, Mathew
name: Chalise, Lekhnath
name: Maples, William E.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Hahn, William F.
name: MacLachlan, Mathew
name: Chalise, Lekhnath
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: forecasting
subject: supply and demand
subject: structural econometric model

description: This report describes a re-estimation of the Economic Research Service (ERS) domestic livestock baseline model. The model consists of production, demand, and price transmission sections for the beef, pork, broiler, and turkey sectors. The updated model largely maintains the overall structure of the current model and mainly focuses on re-estimating the equations with current data. However, major changes were made to the consumer demand part of the baseline model. The current model uses an “inverse demand” model. Inverse demand models take the quantities available to consumers and then calculate the prices that will make consumers buy those quantities. The version presented in this paper uses a quantity dependent system. The equations calculate how much beef, pork, chicken, and turkey consumers will want to buy given the prices of the four meats and consumer income. This updated livestock baseline model could aid the ERS in making ten-year projections for the United States livestock sector.
Dynamics study of $Z^+(4430)$ and X(3872) in molecular picture
Creators: name: Liu, Xiang
name: Liu, Yan-Rui
name: Deng, Wei-Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, we review our recent work about the dynamical studies of $Z^+(4430)$ and X(3872). $Z^+(4430)$ can not be explained as a $D_1'D^*$ or $D_1D^*$ molecular state only considering one pion exchange potential without the cutoff, which needs to be confirmed by introducing sigma exchange potential and adding the cutoff in the effective potential. One also excludes the possibility of X(3872) as a $DD^*$ molecular state by one pion and one sigma exchanges with the cutoff. Fortunately there exists an S-wave $BB^*$ bound state with $J^{PC}=1^{++}$. we suggest future experiment to search this state.
description: 6 pages, contribution to the Workshop on "Scalar meson and Related topics" (Scadron 70), during Feb 11-16, 2008, at IST, Lisbon, Portugal
Letter from J. Corbet at The Canadian Bank of Commerce to "Sir" [James Goldie], March 10, 1915
Creators: name: Canadian Bank Of Commerce
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to "Sir" [James Goldie] from J. Corbet at The Canadian Bank of Commerce, dated March 10, 1915, reminding James Goldie that the account is still overdrawn and requesting he put in funds soon.
Vielbein with mixed dimensions and gravitational global monopole in the planar phase of superfluid $^3$He
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The planar phase of superfluid $^3$He has Dirac points in momentum space and the analog of Dirac monopole in the real space. Here we discuss the combined effect of Dirac point and Dirac monopole. It is shown that in the presence of the monopole the effective metric acting on Dirac fermions corresponds to the metric produced by the global monopole in general relativity: it is the conical metric. Another consequence is that the primary variable, which gives rise to the effective metric, is the unusual vielbein field in the form of the $4\times 5$ matrix, as distinct from the conventional $4\times 4$ matrix of the tetrad field in tetrad gravity.
description: 3 pages, no figures, accepted in JETP Letters
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (267)]
Creators: name: Antoniollus De Criuellis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1398
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Antoniollus de Criuellis, Sohn des verstorbenen Rizardollus, aus Pavia verpachtet dem Antonius de Mazzano, Sohn des verstorbenen Ambroxius, ein Stück Weideland, gelegen auf dem Gebiet von Vigonzone im ducatus Mailand.
Spin dynamics in the low-dimensional magnet TiOCl
Creators: name: Zakharov, D. V.
name: Deisenhofer, J.
name: von Nidda, H. -A. Krug
name: Lunkenheimer, P.
name: Hemberger, J.
name: Hoinkis, M.
name: Klemm, M.
name: Sing, M.
name: Claessen, R.
name: Eremin, M. V.
name: Horn, S.
name: Loidl, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed ESR investigations on single crystals of the low-dimensional quantum magnet TiOCl. The anisotropy of the g-factor indicates a stable orbital configuration below room temperature, and allows to estimate the energy of the first excited state as 0.3(1) eV ruling out a possible degeneracy of the orbital ground state. Moreover, we discuss the possible spin relaxation mechanisms in TiOCl and analyze the angular and temperature dependence of the linewidth up to 250 K in terms of anisotropic exchange interactions. Towards higher temperatures an exponential increase of the linewidth is observed, indicating an additional relaxation mechanism.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Can Satellite Data Forecast Valuable Information from USDA Reports ? Evidences on Corn Yield Estimates.
Creators: name: Piette, Pierrick
name: Piette, Pierrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Commodities market
subject: Corn
subject: Market information
subject: NDVI
subject: Satellite data
subject: USDA reports

description: On the one hand, recent advances in satellite imagery and remote sensing allow one to easily follow in near-real time the crop conditions all around the world. On the other hand, it has been shown that governmental agricultural reports contain useful news for the commodities market, whose participants react to this valuable information. In this paper, we investigate wether one can forecast some of the newsworthy information contained in the USDA reports through satellite data. We focus on the corn futures market over the period 2000-2016. We rst check the well-documented presence of market reactions to the release of the monthly WASDE reports through statistical tests. Then we investigate the informational value of early yield estimates published in these governmental reports. Finally, we propose an econometric model based on MODIS NDVI time series to forecast this valuable information. Results show that market rationally reacts to the NASS early yield forecasts. Moreover, the modeled NDVI-based information is signicantly correlated with the market reactions. To conclude, we propose some ways of improvement to be considered for a practical implementation.
Evaluation of Ambiguity in Commodity Futures Markets: Analysis of Corn and Coffee Futures Prices
Creators: name: Souza, Waldemar
name: Palazzi, Rafeal
name: Campani, Carlos Heitor
name: Bohl, Martin
name: Souza, Waldemar
name: Palazzi, Rafeal
name: Campani, Carlos Heitor
name: Bohl, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: ambiguity
subject: coffee and corn futures
subject: autoregressive
subject: cross-impacts

description: Ambiguity, defined as the uncertainty in probability distribution of asset prices resulting from misinterpretation of lack of information, is a current feature of financial assets. There are few empirical studies of ambiguity in financial and commodity futures markets. We define an ambiguity measure of corn and coffee futures daily prices, using the VAR framework to evaluate the autoregressive and cross-impact of the ambiguity and log-returns. Results show that the ambiguity in corn futures prices illustrates a higher impact compared with coffee futures prices, with a possible explanation being the action of non-commercial traders. The knowledge of the ambiguity measure in commodity futures markets can be applied to enhance production, storage, trading and hedging decisions.
Cost and Cooperation: The Effects of Section 199 on the Basis Offered by Grain Marketing Cooperatives
Creators: name: Swanson, Andrew
name: Bekkerman, Anton
name: Taylor, Mykel
name: Swanson, Andrew
name: Bekkerman, Anton
name: Taylor, Mykel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: basis
subject: cooperatives
subject: difference-in-difference
subject: spatial competition
subject: Section 199

description: The 2004 American Jobs Creation Act created Section 199, a tax provision for producers of domestic goods. During the ensuing decade, Section 199 became especially important for agricultural cooperatives, partly because of a series of favorable Internal Revenue Service private letter rulings for marketing cooperatives. We analyze the impacts of Section 199 on agricultural markets by assessing differential effects on the pricing behavior of grain marketing cooperatives and non-cooperatives in Nebraska and Kansas through using a difference-indifference empirical strategy and winter wheat basis data. The results indicate that the series of IRS letter rulings in 2008 widened the basis differential between cooperative and noncooperative firms by almost 5 cents per bushel on average. Furthermore, these market distorting effects are greater for elevator locations that do not have a competing location within 10 miles of their location. While the benefits of Section 199 have been widely touted by cooperative lobbying groups, the results of this paper show the importance of also considering the costs of policy interventions directed at specific agricultural firm types.
Application of art therapy in adolescence: photo-novel analysis as an expressive technique
Creators: name: Settineri, Salvatore
name: Sicari, Federica
name: Pagano Dritto, Irene
name: Frisone, Fabio
name: Strangis Mobilia, Fiorella
name: Merlo, Emanuele Maria
Publisher: name: University of Messina
Year: 2019
Subjects: Art therapy; Adolescence; Photo-novel; Psychic trauma.

description: Objectives: Analyse the practice of art therapy in adolescence, with particular reference to traumatic and difficulties in affective regulation. Methods: Application of the photo novel as an expressive and therapeutic technique, finalized to the achievement of Self-awareness and integrated identity. Results: Art therapy is a practice that allows the emergence of traumatic experiences and emotional contents, difficult to express through verbal production. This technique can be particularly effective with adolescents, for their identity and in Self-construction. Conclusions: Art therapy is effective in education and psychotherapy. Given the high presence of adolescents with possible traumatic experiences and difficulties in emotional expression, it would be desirable to use Art Therapy as a support tool in the school environment.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
PRESCHOOL CHILDHOOD IS A PERIOD OF COGNITION AND DEVELOPMENT OF WORLDVIEW
Creators: name: Teacher of the Department of Education of Kokand University  Mamamyusupova Iroda Khamidovna  Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article examines the problem of cognitive development and the period of initial personality formation, the emergence of emotional anticipation of the consequences of one’s actions, self-awareness, the complexity of experiences and awareness, enrichment with new feelings and motives. It has been revealed that the sphere of emotional needs is complex.

Key words: cognitive development, person, formation, behavior, emotional perception, self-awareness, experience, emotion, motive, needs, worldview.
Rethinking Supervised Learning and Reinforcement Learning in Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems
Creators: name: Li, Ziming
name: Kiseleva, Julia
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dialogue policy learning for task-oriented dialogue systems has enjoyed great progress recently mostly through employing reinforcement learning methods. However, these approaches have become very sophisticated. It is time to re-evaluate it. Are we really making progress developing dialogue agents only based on reinforcement learning? We demonstrate how (1)~traditional supervised learning together with (2)~a simulator-free adversarial learning method can be used to achieve performance comparable to state-of-the-art RL-based methods. First, we introduce a simple dialogue action decoder to predict the appropriate actions. Then, the traditional multi-label classification solution for dialogue policy learning is extended by adding dense layers to improve the dialogue agent performance. Finally, we employ the Gumbel-Softmax estimator to alternatively train the dialogue agent and the dialogue reward model without using reinforcement learning. Based on our extensive experimentation, we can conclude the proposed methods can achieve more stable and higher performance with fewer efforts, such as the domain knowledge required to design a user simulator and the intractable parameter tuning in reinforcement learning. Our main goal is not to beat reinforcement learning with supervised learning, but to demonstrate the value of rethinking the role of reinforcement learning and supervised learning in optimizing task-oriented dialogue systems.
description: 10 pages
Product Manifold Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Sharon
name: Moscovich, Amit
name: Singer, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.0; I.2.0
subject: 68T10 (Primary), 42-08, 57Z25 (Secondary)

description: We consider problems of dimensionality reduction and learning data representations for continuous spaces with two or more independent degrees of freedom. Such problems occur, for example, when observing shapes with several components that move independently. Mathematically, if the parameter space of each continuous independent motion is a manifold, then their combination is known as a product manifold. In this paper, we present a new paradigm for non-linear independent component analysis called manifold factorization. Our factorization algorithm is based on spectral graph methods for manifold learning and the separability of the Laplacian operator on product spaces. Recovering the factors of a manifold yields meaningful lower-dimensional representations and provides a new way to focus on particular aspects of the data space while ignoring others. We demonstrate the potential use of our method for an important and challenging problem in structural biology: mapping the motions of proteins and other large molecules using cryo-electron microscopy datasets.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Critical properties in single crystals of Pr1-xPbxMnO3
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, B.
name: Bhat, H. L.
name: Elizabeth, Suja
name: Roessler, Sahana
name: Roessler, U. K.
name: Doerr, K.
name: Mueller, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical properties at the ferromagnetic - paramagnetic transition have been analysed from data of static magnetization measurements on single crystals of Pr1-xPbxMnO3, for x = 0.23 and x = 0.30. In Pr1-xPbxMnO3 the ferromagnetic ordering and the metal-insulator transition do not coincide in parts of the phase diagram. The crystal with x = 0.23 is a ferromagnetic insulator with Curie temperature Tc = 173 K, while the crystal with x =0.30 has Tc = 198 K and remains metallic up to a metal-insulator transition temperature Tmi = 235 K. The dc magnetization measurements were carried out in the field range from 0 to 5 T for an interval in the critical temperature range Tc+_10 K corresponding to a reduced temperature interval 0.003 < epsilon < 0.6. The exponents beta for spontaneous magnetization, gamma for the initial susceptibility above Tc and delta for the critical magnetization isotherm at Tc were obtained by static scaling analysis from modified Arrott plots and by the Kouvel Fisher method for the insulating crystal with composition x = 0.23. The data are well described by critical exponents similar to those expected for the Heisenberg universality class relevant for conventional isotropic magnets Systematic deviations from scaling in the data for the metallic crystal with composition x = 0.30 are demonstrated from effective critical exponents near the assumed ordering transition. The unconventional magnetic ordering in this system indicates the presence of frustrated magnetic couplings that suppresses magnetic ordering and lowers the transition temperature.
description: 9 double column pages, 14 figures. 1 table
A libro aperto. Una Vita e i suoi libri. Giangiacomo Feltrinelli Editore, Milano 2018. By Massimo Recalcati
Creators: name: Merlo, Emanuele Maria
name: Settineri, Salvatore
Publisher: name: University of Messina
Year: 2019

description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
The Blow-off Impulse Equivalence between Multi-Energy Composite Spectrum Electron Beam and Powerful Pulsed X-ray
Creators: name: Wang, D. W.
name: Yang, S. H.
name: Wang, S.
name: Wang, J.
name: Li, H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron beam, one of the most effective approaches to simulate the irradiation effects of powerful pulsed X-ray in the laboratory, plays an important role in the experiment of simulating thermodynamic effects of powerful pulsed X-ray. This paper studies the thermodynamics equivalence between multi-energy composite spectrum electron beam and blackbody spectrum X-ray, which is helpful to quickly determine the experimental parameters in the simulation experiment. The experimental data of electron beam is extrapolated by the numerical calculation, to increase the range of energy flux. Through calculating the blow-off impulse of blackbody spectrum X-ray irradiation, we obtained the curve of X-ray blow-off impulse varying with energy flux, and then found two categories of equivalent relations - equal-energy flux and equal-impulse - by analysing the calculation results of electron beam and X-ray blow-off impulse. Based on such relations, we could directly or indirectly obtain the results of blackbody spectrum X-ray irradiation blow-off impulse via electron beam experiment.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures
Probing ultra-cold Fermi atoms with a single ion
Creators: name: Sherkunov, Y.
name: Muzykantskii, B.
name: d'Ambrumenil, N.
name: Simons, B. D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the recently proposed ionic microscope set-up [Kollath et.al, PRA, \textbf{76}, 063602 (2007)] could be adapted to measure the \textit {local single-particle energy distribution} of a degenerate Fermi gas \textit{in situ} with the resolution on the nanometer scale. We study an ion held in a Paul trap in an atomic Fermi gas and compute the two-photon Raman photo-association rate of the ion and an atom. We show that, as a function of the detunings between the frequencies of the two incident lasers and energies in the atom-ion system, the photo-association rate directly measures the single-particle energy distribution in the Fermi gas around the ion. We describe an experiment to measure the photo-association rate of a trapped ion and argue that, as the position of the ion can be scanned through the Fermi gas, this experiment directly probes the local energy and spin-state distribution of the Fermi gas.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Partition function of non-supersymmetric black holes in the supergravity limit
Creators: name: Parvizi, Shahrokh
name: Tavanfar, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we propose the free energy of general \emph{non-supersymmetric} black hole attractors arising in type IIA(B) superstrings on 3-fold Calabi-Yau, in the supergravity limit. This, by definition, differs from its counterpart BPS free energy by a factor of $4 $. Correspondingly, a mixed ensemble for these black holes is proposed.
description: 17 pages, no figures, typos corrected, minor changaes, references added
Intraday Trading Invariance in the Grain Futures Markets
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiguang
name: Wang, Zhiguang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Trading Invariance
subject: Grain Futures
subject: Market Microstructure

description: We test the microstructure invariance proposed by Kyle and Obizhaeva (2016) in the grain markets. Using the CME’s intraday best-bid-offer data from 2008 to 2015, we find support for both trade size invariance and trading cost invariance at 1-minute, 5-minute, and 10-minute, although not in its original form. After rescaling the trading activity by spread cost per Benzaquen et al (2016), we find strong evidence for both hypotheses of invariance. The findings help understand the trading dynamics of grain commodities from both trading and regulatory perspectives. Specifically, we can derive the number of trades, trading cost, and illiquidity measure based on observable metrics, such as price, volume and historical volatility. These imputed measures can be further used to identify the systematic risks resulting from speculative transactions.
CRIX an index for cryptocurrencies
Creators: name: Trimborn, Simon
name: Härdle, Wolfgang Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The cryptocurrency market is unique on many levels: Very volatile, frequently changing market structure, emerging and vanishing of cryptocurrencies on a daily level. Following its development became a difficult task with the success of cryptocurrencies (CCs) other than Bitcoin. For fiat currency markets, the IMF offers the index SDR and, prior to the EUR, the ECU existed, which was an index representing the development of European currencies. Index providers decide on a fixed number of index constituents which will represent the market segment. It is a challenge to fix a number and develop rules for the constituents in view of the market changes. In the frequently changing CC market, this challenge is even more severe. A method relying on the AIC is proposed to quickly react to market changes and therefore enable us to create an index, referred to as CRIX, for the cryptocurrency market. CRIX is chosen by model selection such that it represents the market well to enable each interested party studying economic questions in this market and to invest into the market. The diversified nature of the CC market makes the inclusion of altcoins in the index product critical to improve tracking performance. We have shown that assigning optimal weights to altcoins helps to reduce the tracking errors of a CC portfolio, despite the fact that their market cap is much smaller relative to Bitcoin. The codes used here are available via www.quantlet.de.
Finite element method calculations of ZnO nanowires for nanogenerators
Creators: name: Schubert, Markus Andreas
name: Senz, Stephan
name: Alexe, Marin
name: Hesse, Dietrich
name: Gösele, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bending of a nonconducting piezoelectric ZnO nanowire is simulated by finite element method calculations. The top part is bent by a lateral force, which could be applied by an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip. The generated electrical potential is 0.3 V. This relatively high signal is, however, difficult to measure, due to the low capacitance of the ZnO nanowire (4x10^{-5} pF) as compared to the capacitance of most preamplifiers (5 pF). A further problem arises from the semiconducting properties of experimentally fabricated ZnO nanowires which causes the disappearance of the voltage signal within picoseconds.
description: submitted to Applied Physics Letters
The Monte-Carlo dynamics of a binary Lennard-Jones glass-forming mixture
Creators: name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a standard Monte-Carlo algorithm to study the slow dynamics of a binary Lennard-Jones glass-forming mixture at low temperature. We find that Monte-Carlo is by far the most efficient way to simulate a stochastic dynamics since relaxation is about 10 times faster than in Brownian Dynamics and about 30 times faster than in Stochastic Dynamics. Moreover, the average dynamical behaviour of the system is in quantitative agreement with the one obtained using Newtonian dynamics, apart at very short times where thermal vibrations are suppressed. We show, however, that dynamic fluctuations quantified by four-point dynamic susceptibilities do retain a dependence on the microscopic dynamics, as recently predicted theoretically.
description: Submitted to J. Phys.: Condens. Matter; Workshop on Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Glasses (Pisa, September 2006)
Quality Forecasts: Predicting When and How Much Markets Value Higher Protein Wheat
Creators: name: Bekkerman, Anton
name: Worley, R. Trey
name: Bekkerman, Anton
name: Worley, R. Trey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: discount
subject: premium
subject: prices
subject: protein
subject: quality wheat

description: Wheat markets stand out among other major crop commodity markets because pricing at the first point of exchange—typically a grain handling facility—is differentiated on specific quality characteristics. Moreover, the premiums and discounts that elevators offer to obtain grain of specific quality can be significant. Despite the relative importance of quality premiums and discounts to farm-level production and marketing decisions, almost no research has examined the factors underlying wheat quality pricing schedules. This study develops an informed expectation model of elevators’ quality-based pricing strategies and empirically estimates the model a lengthy dataset of weekly price observations. As such, this research provides the first step toward developing a more accurate understanding of the wheat market and an opportunity to develop price forecasts as a function of wheat quality.
Models of Modular Inflation and Their Phenomenological Consequences
Creators: name: Ben-Dayan, Ido
name: Brustein, Ram
name: de Alwis, Senarath P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study models of modular inflation of the form expected to arise from low energy effective actions of superstring theories. We argue on general grounds that the most likely models of modular slow-roll inflation are small field models in which the inflaton moves about a Planck distance from an extremum of the potential. We then focus on models in which the inflaton is the bosonic component of a single (complex) chiral superfield and explain the generic difficulties in designing small field models of modular inflation. We then show that if the Kaehler potential (KP) of the inflaton is logarithmic as in perturbative string theories, then it is not possible to satisfy the slow-roll conditions for any superpotential. We find that if the corrections to the KP are large enough so it can be approximated by a canonical KP in the vicinity of the extremum, then viable slow-roll inflation is possible. In this case, several parameters have to be tuned to a fraction of a percent. We give a prescription for designing successful small field supergravity models of inflation when the KP is canonical and calculate the slow-roll parameters from the superpotential parameters. Our results strengthen the case for models in which the moduli slowly roll about a Planck distance from a relatively high scale extremum that is located in the vicinity of the central region of moduli space units. Generic models of this class predict a red spectrum of scalar perturbations and negligible spectral index running. They also predict a characteristic suppression of tensor perturbations despite the high scale of inflation. Consequently, a detection of primordial tensor anisotropies or spectral index running in cosmic microwave background observations in the foreseeable future will rule out this entire class of modular inflation models.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure