cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scaling analysis of multivariate intermittent time series
Creators: name: Kitt, Robert
name: Kalda, Jaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The scaling properties of the time series of asset prices and trading volumes of stock markets are analysed. It is shown that similarly to the asset prices, the trading volume data obey multi-scaling length-distribution of low-variability periods. In the case of asset prices, such scaling behaviour can be used for risk forecasts: the probability of observing next day a large price movement is (super-universally) inversely proportional to the length of the ongoing low-variability period. Finally, a method is devised for a multi-factor scaling analysis. We apply the simplest, two-factor model to equity index and trading volume time series.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physica A
Reply to "Comment on 'Fano resonance for Anderson Impurity Systems' "
Creators: name: Luo, H. G.
name: Xiang, T.
name: Wang, X. Q.
name: Su, Z. B.
name: Yu, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent Comment, Kolf et al. (cond-mat/0503669) state that our analysis of the Fano resonance for Anderson impurity systems [Luo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 92, 256602 (2004)] is incorrect. Here we want to point out that their comments are not based on firm physical results and their criticisms are unjustified and invalid.
description: 1 page, 1 figure, to appear in PRL
Additional file 1 of Selective neuronal expression of progranulin is sufficient to provide neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects after traumatic brain injury
Creators: name: Wang, Sudena
name: Weyer, Marc-Philipp
name: Hummel, Regina
name: Wilken-Schmitz, Annett
name: Tegeder, Irmgard
name: Schäfer, Michael K. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Introduction to Modified Gravity and Gravitational Alternative for Dark Energy
Creators: name: Nojiri, S.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review various modified gravities considered as gravitational alternative for dark energy. Specifically, we consider the versions of $f(R)$, $f(G)$ or $f(R,G)$ gravity, model with non-linear gravitational coupling or string-inspired model with Gauss-Bonnet-dilaton coupling in the late universe where they lead to cosmic speed-up. It is shown that some of such theories may pass the Solar System tests. On the same time, it is demonstrated that they have quite rich cosmological structure: they may naturally describe the effective (cosmological constant, quintessence or phantom) late-time era with a possible transition from decceleration to acceleration thanks to gravitational terms which increase with scalar curvature decrease. The possibility to explain the coincidence problem as the manifestation of the universe expansion in such models is mentioned. The late (phantom or quintessence) universe filled with dark fluid with inhomogeneous equation of state (where inhomogeneous terms are originated from the modified gravity) is also described.
description: LaTeX file, 21 pages, references are added, lectures for 42 Karpacz Winter School on Theor Physics
Prolate-to-oblate transition and backbending along the yrast line induced by quasiparticle alignment
Creators: name: Chen, Fang-Qi
name: Chen, Q. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The yrast lines in Kr isotopes with $N=42$, 44, and 46 are investigated in a beyond mean field framework with both prolate-oblate coexistence and quasiparticle alignment taken into account. Quasiparticle orbitals with high-$j$ and low-$Ω$ on the oblate side are shown to be responsible for the sharp backbending observed in $^{82}$Kr, by driving the yrast shape from prolate to oblate. This suggests that quasiparticle alignment may not be neglected in the investigation of the shape evolution along the yrast line.
description: 6 pages, 5figiures
High brightness single mode source of correlated photon pairs using a photonic crystal fiber
Creators: name: Fulconis, J.
name: Alibart, O.
name: Wadsworth, W. J.
name: Russell, P. St. J.
name: Rarity, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a picosecond source of correlated photon pairs using a micro-structured fibre with zero dispersion around 715 nm wavelength. The fibre is pumped in the normal dispersion regime at ~708 nm and phase matching is satisfied for widely spaced parametric wavelengths. Here we generate up to 10^7 photon pairs per second in the fibre at wavelengths of 587 nm and 897 nm. On collecting the light in single-mode-fibre-coupled Silicon avalanche diode photon counting detectors we detect ~3.2.10^5 coincidences per second at pump power 0.5 mW.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, updated references!
Additional file 2 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Concentrations of serum nitrite/nitrates during infection of mice with Trichobilharzia regenti.
DISTORTIONS TO INCENTIVES IN CHINA'S AGRICULTURE AND IMPLICATIONS OF WTO ACCESSION
Creators: name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Chang, Min
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Chang, Min
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The overall goal of our paper will be to attempt to contribute to the empirically-based literature on the effects on China's agriculture of its accession to the WTO. In general, we seek to answer some of the most basic questions about the expected effects of China's entry in the World Trade Organization (WTO). On balance, will the nation's accession to WTO help or hurt farming households? If farmers lose (gain), who in the agricultural economy will get hurt (benefit)? Are there some regions in the economy that will be insulated from the effects of WTO due to their isolation from domestic markets?
On the Expressiveness of the Ambient Logic
Creators: name: Hirschkoff, Daniel
name: Lozes, Etienne
name: Sangiorgi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.3

description: The Ambient Logic (AL) has been proposed for expressing properties of process mobility in the calculus of Mobile Ambients (MA), and as a basis for query languages on semistructured data. In this paper, we study the expressiveness of AL. We define formulas for capabilities and for communication in MA. We also derive some formulas that capture finitess of a term, name occurrences and persistence. We study extensions of the calculus involving more complex forms of communications, and we define characteristic formulas for the equivalence induced by the logic on a subcalculus of MA. This subcalculus is defined by imposing an image-finiteness condition on the reducts of a MA process.
Properties and geoeffectiveness of solar wind high-speed streams and stream interaction regions during solar cycles 23 and 24
Creators: name: Grandin, Maxime
name: Aikio, Anita T.
name: Kozlovsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties and geoeffectiveness of solar wind high-speed streams (HSSs) emanating from coronal holes and associated with stream interaction regions (SIRs). This paper presents a statistical study of 588 SIR/HSS events with solar wind speed at 1 AU exceeding 500 km/s during 1995-2017, encompassing the decline of solar cycle 22 to the decline of cycle 24. Events are detected using measurements of the solar wind speed and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Events misidentified as or interacting with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are removed by comparison with an existing ICME list. Using this SIR/HSS event catalog (list given in the supplementary material), a superposed epoch analysis of key solar wind parameters is carried out. It is found that the number of SIR/HSSs peaks during the late declining phase of solar cycle (SC) 23, as does their velocity, but that their geoeffectiveness in terms of the AE and SYM-H indices is low. This can be explained by the anomalously low values of magnetic field during the extended solar minimum. Within SC23 and SC24, the highest geoeffectiveness of SIR/HSSs takes place during the early declining phases. Geoeffectiveness of SIR/HSSs continues to be up to 40% lower during SC24 than SC23, which can be explained by the solar wind properties.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures, 1 table; Supporting information available from the published version in JGR Space Physics
The impact of stellar rotation on the black hole mass-gap from pair-instability supernovae
Creators: name: Marchant, Pablo
name: Moriya, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) predict a gap in black hole (BH) masses between $\sim 45M_\odot-120M_\odot$, which is referred to as the upper BH mass-gap. With the advent of gravitational-wave astrophysics it has become possible to test this prediction, and there is an important associated effort to understand what theoretical uncertainties modify the boundaries of this gap. In this work we study the impact of rotation on the hydrodynamics of PISNe, which leave no compact remnant, as well as the evolution of pulsational-PISNe (PPISNe), which undergo thermonuclear eruptions before forming a compact object. We perform simulations of non-rotating and rapidly-rotating stripped helium stars in a metal poor environment $(Z_\odot/50)$ in order to resolve the lower edge of the upper mass-gap. We find that the outcome of our simulations is dependent on the efficiency of angular momentum transport, with models that include efficient coupling through the Spruit-Tayler dynamo shifting the lower edge of the mass-gap upwards by $\sim 4\%$, while simulations that do not include this effect shift it upwards by $\sim 15\%$. From this, we expect the lower edge of the upper mass-gap to be dependent on BH spin, which can be tested as the number of observed BH mergers increases. Moreover, we show that stars undergoing PPISNe have extended envelopes ($R\sim 10-1000~R_\odot$) at iron-core collapse, making them promising progenitors for ultra-long gamma-ray bursts.
description: 9 pages, including 4 pages of appendices
A variational toolbox for quantum multi-parameter estimation
Creators: name: Meyer, Johannes Jakob
name: Borregaard, Johannes
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With an ever-expanding ecosystem of noisy and intermediate-scale quantum devices, exploring their possible applications is a rapidly growing field of quantum information science. In this work, we demonstrate that variational quantum algorithms feasible on such devices address a challenge central to the field of quantum metrology: The identification of near-optimal probes and measurement operators for noisy multi-parameter estimation problems. We first introduce a general framework which allows for sequential updates of variational parameters to improve probe states and measurements and is widely applicable to both discrete and continuous-variable settings. We then demonstrate the practical functioning of the approach through numerical simulations, showcasing how tailored probes and measurements improve over standard methods in the noisy regime. Along the way, we prove the validity of a general parameter-shift rule for noisy evolutions, expected to be of general interest in variational quantum algorithms. In our approach, we advocate the mindset of quantum-aided design, exploiting quantum technology to learn close to optimal, experimentally feasible quantum metrology protocols.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, many circuits
Integrable generalisations of Dirac magnetic monopole
Creators: name: Veselov, A. P.
name: Ye, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35, 70H06

description: We classify certain integrable (both classical and quantum) generalisations of Dirac magnetic monopole on topological sphere $S^2$ with constant magnetic field, completing the previous local results by Ferapontov, Sayles and Veselov. We show that there are two integrable families of such generalisations with integrals, which are quadratic in momenta. The first family corresponds to the classical Clebsch systems, which can be interpreted as Dirac magnetic monopole in harmonic electric field. The second family is new and can be written in terms of elliptic functions on sphere $S^2$ with very special metrics.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures
French surface : a new technique for surface design
Creators: name: Cheng, Zita Sze Ting
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We present a new user-friendly paradigm for surface design. The goal is to overcome limitations associated with traditional methods: their dependence on freehand controlling and their rigid mathematical structures. Our solution is inspired by the drafter's tool known as French curves, which are used as templates for tracing curves. This project considers its analogue in one higher dimension, namely 3D surfaces. A carefully defined and intuitively arranged set of French surfaces is given to the user to choose from. The selected surfaces are then connected together to form the final model. The potential of this approach is explored with our prototyping system, FRENCH SURFACE, where models are constructed via aggregated blendings of chosen French surfaces. Triangulated point-sets are used to engage a structure-free representation, and data structuring algorithms are integrated to ensure an efficient blending. The current system supports the creation of objects topologically homeomorphic to a sphere or a plane. Users' experiences demonstrate that the FRENCH SURFACE system is intuitive, robust, and easy to comprehend.
ESTIMATING RETURNS FROM PAST INVESTMENTS INTO BEEF CATTLE GENETICS RD&E IN AUSTRALIA
Creators: name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Barwick, Steve
name: Banks, Rob
name: Holmes, Bill
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Barwick, Steve
name: Banks, Rob
name: Holmes, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This study aimed at estimating the costs and benefits of all beef cattle genetic improvement activity, across Australia, over the period 1970 to the present. The total cumulative Present Value (PV) of investments by industry, government and other agencies into selection, crossbreeding and grading up since 1963, and of imported genetics, was estimated to be $340m (in $2001 at a 7% discount rate). Using a suite of genetic evaluation models, farming systems models and an industry-level model, the cumulative PV of industry returns were estimated. Within-breed selection generated $944m; crossbreeding in southern Australia $255m; changing breed composition in southern Australia $62m; and changing breed composition in northern Australia $8.1bn. The benefit/cost ratio for this investment was 28:1 over the last 30 years.
Toward porting Astrophysics Visual Analytics Services to the European Open Science Cloud
Creators: name: Sciacca, Eva
name: Vitello, Fabio
name: Becciani, Ugo
name: Bordiu, Cristobal
name: Bufano, Filomena
name: Calanducci, Antonio
name: Costa, Alessandro
name: Raciti, Mario
name: Riggi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) aims to create a federated environment for hosting and processing research data to support science in all disciplines without geographical boundaries, such that data, software, methods and publications can be shared as part of an Open Science community of practice. This work presents the ongoing activities related to the implementation of visual analytics services, integrated into EOSC, towards addressing the diverse astrophysics user communities needs. These services rely on visualisation to manage the data life cycle process under FAIR principles, integrating data processing for imaging and multidimensional map creation and mosaicing, and applying machine learning techniques for detection of structures in large scale multidimensional maps.
Additional file 1 of Emergence of the B.1.214.2 SARS-CoV-2 lineage with an Omicron-like spike insertion and a unique upper airway immune signature
Creators: name: Holtz, Andrew
name: Van Weyenbergh, Johan
name: Hong, Samuel L.
name: Cuypers, Lize
name: O’Toole, Áine
name: Dudas, Gytis
name: Gerdol, Marco
name: Potter, Barney I.
name: Ntoumi, Francine
name: Mapanguy, Claujens Chastel Mfoutou
name: Vanmechelen, Bert
name: Wawina-Bokalanga, Tony
name: Van Holm, Bram
name: Menezes, Soraya Maria
name: Soubotko, Katja
name: Van Pottelbergh, Gijs
name: Wollants, Elke
name: Vermeersch, Pieter
name: Jacob, Ann-Sophie
name: Maes, Brigitte
name: Obbels, Dagmar
name: Matheeussen, Veerle
name: Martens, Geert
name: Gras, Jérémie
name: Verhasselt, Bruno
name: Laffut, Wim
name: Vael, Carl
name: Goegebuer, Truus
name: van der Kant, Rob
name: Rousseau, Frederic
name: Schymkowitz, Joost
name: Serrano, Luis
name: Delgado, Javier
name: Wenseleers, Tom
name: Bours, Vincent
name: André, Emmanuel
name: Suchard, Marc A.
name: Rambaut, Andrew
name: Dellicour, Simon
name: Maes, Piet
name: Durkin, Keith
name: Baele, Guy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Reflexive Numbers and Berger Graphs from Calabi-Yau Spaces
Creators: name: Lipatov, L. N.
name: Vera, A. Sabio
name: Velizhanin, V. N.
name: Volkov, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review the Batyrev approach to Calabi-Yau spaces based on reflexive weight vectors. The Universal CY algebra gives a possibility to construct the corresponding reflexive numbers in a recursive way. A physical interpretation of the Batyrev expression for the Calabi-Yau manifolds is presented. Important classes of these manifolds are related to the simple-laced and quasi-simple-laced numbers. We discuss the classification and recurrence relations for them in the framework of quantum field theory methods. A relation between the reflexive numbers and the so-called Berger graphs is studied. In this correspondence the role played by the generalized Coxeter labels is highlighted. Sets of positive roots are investigated in order to connect them to possible new algebraic structures stemming from the Berger matrices.
description: 39 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables. Extensively rewritten, references added
POLICY DEPENDENCY AND REFORM: ECONOMIC GAINS VERSUS POLITICAL PAINS
Creators: name: Harvey, David R.
name: Harvey, David R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Political Economy

description: Economic analysis condemns market intervention in favour of farmers as inefficient, if not also ineffective, and therefore well worth reform. Practical experience, however, indicates that such lessons are hard to learn and implement. Part of the reason appears to be that economic analysis seldom clearly identifies the real costs and benefits of reform, and seldom explains these sensibly to the relevant constituencies. Furthermore, economic analysis rarely explains why the protectionist measures were adopted in the first place, or explores the dependencies that these policies generate. Without these explanations, and without reform strategies that take full account of them, policy reform will continue to be reluctant, slow and frequently counterproductive. This paper reconsiders the evolution of farm policies and the economic assessment of their costs and benefits, and draws conclusions as to the general shape of reforms likely to reconcile economic efficiency with political acceptability. In so doing, it re-phrases conventional economic arguments in terms which seem to accord better with sensible intuition, which may prove more accessible and credible to policy makers and advisors. It concludes with a substantial challenge to the agricultural economics profession.
Additional file 1 of The effect of hyperlactatemia timing on the outcomes after cardiac surgery
Creators: name: Algarni, Khaled D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplement. Table S1. Estimated marginal means with 95% CI of lactate levels during the first 10 hours after cardiac surgery in patients with early and late patterns of hyperlactatemia. Table S2. Estimated marginal means with 95% CI of lactate levels during the first 10 hours after cardiac surgery in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Adjusted for CPB time and Glucose level.
New corner stones in dissipative granular gases
Creators: name: Evesque, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of granular dissipative gas is discussed based on Boltzmann's equation and in view of recent experimental results in micro-gravity during few CNES and ESA campaigns [9,11]. It is recalled that the Boltzmann's distribution is a steady solution only when collisions are elastic; hence it is not applicable in the case of dissipative granular gas. The first experimental case concerns non-interacting balls in a vibrated cylindrical box, which proves that rotation-induced dissipation has important consequence: it reduces the efficient phase space dimension of this billiard-like system from 13-d to 1-d, since the motion is 1d and quasi-periodic for large enough forcing; the result remains valid with 2 balls. The second experiment concern the dynamics of interacting particles in the case of a small number (N= 12,24,36,48) of grains: The typical speed of a balls is found to vary linearly with the piston speed, but decreases when the number of balls N increases. The distribution of waiting times T1 between successive ball-gauge collisions follows an exponential distribution experimentally, i.e. P(T1)= exp(-T1/To), proving uncorrelated motions of balls. The amplitude I of the ball-gauge impacts is found to decrease exponentially p(I)=exp(-I/Io).This is temptatively explained using a model "a la Boltzmann" associated with the notion of "velostat", and a second model is proposed based on dissipation. Experiments show the coupling between rotation and translation during collisions cannot be neglected, because it generates efficient dissipation.
description: 46 pages + 1 page, 12 Figures
Additional file 1 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of iNOS and 3-NT signal occurrence around Trichobilharzia regenti schistosomula in the skin and the spinal cord.
THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORT- AND TRANSACTION-COST REDUCTIONS ON FOOD MARKETS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FOR TEMPERED EXPECTATIONS FOR BURKINA FASO
Creators: name: Ruijs, Arjan
name: Schweigman, Caspar
name: Lutz, Clemens
name: Ruijs, Arjan
name: Schweigman, Caspar
name: Lutz, Clemens
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Reductions in transport and transaction costs are expected to have a major effect on the functioning of food markets in developing countries. For many developing countries, this is a relevant issue as it may have important consequences for the food markets in urban and rural deficit areas. A partial equilibrium model is presented to analyze the effects of reduced costs on cereal price formation, inter-regional cereal trade, and farmers' and traders' storage strategies for the case of Burkina Faso. Our results show that the high expectations with regard to the direct effects of cost reductions on food prices and food availability require some nuance. First, the effects of even a huge reduction of transport costs only will be small. Secondly, an element which is often neglected is that constructing a road between two cities may have unintended negative consequences on the competitive position of farmers and traders in other regions. Finally, it is concluded that only if transport and transaction costs are reduced simultaneously, both consumers and farmers will benefit significantly.
Additional file 1 of Antimicrobial Sub-MIC induces Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation without affecting the bacterial count
Creators: name: Elawady, Raghda
name: Aboulela, Aliaa G.
name: Gaballah, Ahmed
name: Ghazal, Abeer A.
name: Amer, Ahmed N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
PRICE VARIABILITY OR RIGIDITY IN THE FOOD-RETAILING SECTOR? THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND EVIDENCE FROM GERMAN SCANNER DATA
Creators: name: Herrmann, Roland
name: Moser, Anke
name: Herrmann, Roland
name: Moser, Anke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Grocery retailing sector
subject: pricing patterns
subject: sales
subject: price rigidity
subject: scanner data.

description: In many industrialized countries, the grocery-retailing sector exhibits a strong and increasing market concentration. Hence, it is important to understand retail pricing for many questions related to market power in the marketing chain and to agricultural and food policies. We analyze intertemporal pricing of grocery retailers in Germany with a large set of scanner data for processed foods. In theory, food prices could be rather variable, e.g. due to fluctuating commodity prices in a competitive world, or rather rigid, e.g. due to price adjustment costs. We elaborate that retail sales are crucial and raise food price variability at the points of sale. Despite this, prices are rather rigid and often do not change for many weeks. Moreover, pricing strategies for identical brands vary strongly across retailers. Retailers seem to have differential pricing strategies and, thus, market power. This casts substantial doubt on the assumption of a competitive price transmission in the marketing channel underlying most analyses in agricultural economics.
Linear Datalog and Bounded Path Duality of Relational Structures
Creators: name: Dalmau, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.3; F.4.1

description: In this paper we systematically investigate the connections between logics with a finite number of variables, structures of bounded pathwidth, and linear Datalog Programs. We prove that, in the context of Constraint Satisfaction Problems, all these concepts correspond to different mathematical embodiments of a unique robust notion that we call bounded path duality. We also study the computational complexity implications of the notion of bounded path duality. We show that every constraint satisfaction problem $\csp(\best)$ with bounded path duality is solvable in NL and that this notion explains in a uniform way all families of CSPs known to be in NL. Finally, we use the results developed in the paper to identify new problems in NL.
The Implications of World Trade Liberalization on Agricultural Trade and Food Security: A Case Study of Sudan
Creators: name: Karim, Imad Eldin Elfadil Abdel
name: Kirschke, Dieter
name: Karim, Imad Eldin Elfadil Abdel
name: Kirschke, Dieter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper assesses and quantifies the consequences of world trade liberalization in agriculture on trade and food security of Sudan. Sudan, with the agricultural sector as the main sector of economy, is characterized by its small open economy, and is classified as one of the least developed countries. Thus, Sudan becomes more vulnerable to any changes in international agricultural markets. The liberalization of international agricultural trade has a great influence on Sudan's food security and on the whole economy. An extended form of a multi-market model for Sudan is developed and used for the analysis. The model embodies important characteristics of agriculture in Sudan like substitution effects and stages of production. As agriculture is the main sector of Sudan's economy, the model is extended to explicitly integrate some of the key important macroeconomic linkages, and to establish certain feedback effects between agriculture and the macro-economy. The model simulations reveal that a higher world market price would overall lead to measurable gains in food security and agricultural trade of the country. However, when the effect of a higher cost of production is considered, the positive results are reversed. Furthermore, the results of the model simulations show that the domestic policy environment matters very much with respect to the potential impact of world trade liberalization of agriculture. The paper concludes that Sudan should reorient its national policies towards export promotion in order to benefit from the new emerging trading opportunities in world markets. However, to capture a greater benefit from the new environment in the international markets, Sudan should consider and manage carefully all factors, domestically or internationally - e.g. quality standard, loss of preference, dumping effects - that hinder its economic and trade growth.
Condensation in a porous medium
Creators: name: Bridge, Lloyd James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: One-dimensional, steady-state heat and mass transfer with phase change are studied, for a two-phase zone in a water-saturated porous medium. A model problem for the saturation and fluid pressures is formulated, and an explicit temperature dependence for the saturation vapour pressure, together with an explicit saturation dependence for the capillary pressure allows us to solve the model problem for temperature and saturation profiles within the two-phase zone. A boundary layer analysis identifies existing models as approximations to the full model in the large vapour-pressure gradient limit. This approximation yields an uncoupled problem for saturation and temperature, and asymptotic analysis shows that a singularity is introduced if we accept the approximate model over the full model. An iterative method is described which allows both the full and outer models of the two-phase zone to be coupled to the two single-phase zones, and computations are performed with realistic control parameters for the entire three-zone system. Numerical solutions for both the two-phase zone and the three-zone system show excellent agreement between the full and outer formulations.
MEASURING MARKET INTEGRATION IN THE PRESENCE OF TRANSACTION COSTS - A THRESHOLD VECTOR ERROR CORRECTION APPROACH
Creators: name: Meyer, Jochen
name: Meyer, Jochen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Applied econometric analyses of market integration based on price data alone have been criticised, because they neglect the role of transaction costs. To meet this objection threshold vector error correction models are used. Threshold models can account for the effects of transaction costs in price transmission without directly relying upon information about these costs, which are often unavailable. Results from threshold models that are based on two thresholds provide results that are economically more intuitive than those obtained from one threshold models. However there is no adequate econometric test for threshold significance in a two-threshold model available so far; such tests are only available for the one threshold model. In this paper a restricted two-threshold model is developed in which the significance of the thresholds can be tested. This model is therefore amenable to economic interpretation and statistical inference. This model is used to estimate market integration on the European pig market.
Reducibility of Gene Patterns in Ciliates using the Breakpoint Graph
Creators: name: Brijder, Robert
name: Hoogeboom, Hendrik Jan
name: Rozenberg, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gene assembly in ciliates is one of the most involved DNA processings going on in any organism. This process transforms one nucleus (the micronucleus) into another functionally different nucleus (the macronucleus). We continue the development of the theoretical models of gene assembly, and in particular we demonstrate the use of the concept of the breakpoint graph, known from another branch of DNA transformation research. More specifically: (1) we characterize the intermediate gene patterns that can occur during the transformation of a given micronuclear gene pattern to its macronuclear form; (2) we determine the number of applications of the loop recombination operation (the most basic of the three molecular operations that accomplish gene assembly) needed in this transformation; (3) we generalize previous results (and give elegant alternatives for some proofs) concerning characterizations of the micronuclear gene patterns that can be assembled using a specific subset of the three molecular operations.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures
HIV/AIDS and Primary School Performance in Tanzania
Creators: name: Wobst, Peter
name: Arndt, Channing
name: Wobst, Peter
name: Arndt, Channing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: We examine the performance of the primary school education system in Tanzania over the 1990s - a decade characterized by substantial AIDS deaths. Given the relatively robust correlation between educational attainment and productivity established in the literature in both agricultural and non-agricultural sectors, human capital accumulation through education forms a major component of development strategy. At the same time, AIDS poses clear threats to the goal of human capital accumulation through education. To assess performance of the primary school system, we estimate non-stationary education transition matrices using a minimum cross entropy approach at the national, sub-national, and regional levels for girls, boys, and all students. Results indicate a deterioration in primary school performance using enrollments in grade 7, the final year of primary school, as a metric. This deterioration in performance occurred despite increased real resource allocations to the public education system and positive, if only tepid, overall economic growth trends. We conclude that the HIV/AIDS pandemic has quite likely slowed human capital accumulation in Tanzania.
Deep Drone Acrobatics
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Elia
name: Loquercio, Antonio
name: Ranftl, René
name: Müller, Matthias
name: Koltun, Vladlen
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Performing acrobatic maneuvers with quadrotors is extremely challenging. Acrobatic flight requires high thrust and extreme angular accelerations that push the platform to its physical limits. Professional drone pilots often measure their level of mastery by flying such maneuvers in competitions. In this paper, we propose to learn a sensorimotor policy that enables an autonomous quadrotor to fly extreme acrobatic maneuvers with only onboard sensing and computation. We train the policy entirely in simulation by leveraging demonstrations from an optimal controller that has access to privileged information. We use appropriate abstractions of the visual input to enable transfer to a real quadrotor. We show that the resulting policy can be directly deployed in the physical world without any fine-tuning on real data. Our methodology has several favorable properties: it does not require a human expert to provide demonstrations, it cannot harm the physical system during training, and it can be used to learn maneuvers that are challenging even for the best human pilots. Our approach enables a physical quadrotor to fly maneuvers such as the Power Loop, the Barrel Roll, and the Matty Flip, during which it incurs accelerations of up to 3g.
description: 8 pages + 2 pages references. Video: https://youtu.be/2N_wKXQ6MXA. Code: https://github.com/uzh-rpg/deep_drone_acrobatics
Iron-line and continuum flux variations in the RXTE spectra of the black-hole candidate XTE J1650-500
Creators: name: Rossi, Sabrina
name: Homan, Jeroen
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Belloni, Tomaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of spectral fits made to 57 pointed observations of the Galactic black hole candidate and X-ray transient XTE J1650-500, made with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in 2001 when the source was in a transition from the hard state to the soft state. A strong and variable Fe K-alpha emission line is detected in these spectra. The line flux varies in a non-linear way with the hard X-ray flux, in apparent contradiction to the predictions of simple disc reflection models. We observe a change in the overall trend that coincides with changes in t he continuum X-ray spectrum and the fast X-ray variability. The Fe-line flux versus hard X-ray flux variations are consistent with the predictions of reflection models which consider high disc-ionization states and with a model which considers gravitational light-bending effects. Indications for an anti-correlation between the Fe-line flux and the hard X-ray flux in the spectrally hardest observations and weak variations in the Fe-line energy (as observed with XMM-Newton and BeppoSAX) slightly favour the light-bending interpretation.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS - 7 pages
Two-dimensional Coulomb glass as a model for vortex pinning in superconducting films
Creators: name: Poboiko, Igor
name: Feigel'man, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A glass model of vortex pinning in highly disordered thin superconducting films in magnetic fields $B \ll H_{c2}$ at low temperatures is proposed. Strong collective pinning of a vortex system realized in disordered superconductors that are close to the quantum phase transition to the insulating phase -- such as $\mathrm{In O}_x$, $\mathrm{Nb N}$, $\mathrm{Ti N}$, $\mathrm{Mo Ge}$, nano-granular aluminium, and others -- is considered theoretically for the first time. Utilizing the replica trick developed for the spin glass theory, we demonstrate that such vortex system is in non-ergodic state of glass type with large kinetic inductance per square $L_K$. Distribution function of local pinning energies is calculated, and it is shown that it possesses a wide gap, i.e. the probability to find a weakly pinned vortex is extremely low.
Matrix Models, Complex Geometry and Integrable Systems. II
Creators: name: Marshakov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider certain examples of applications of the general methods, based on geometry and integrability of matrix models, described in hep-th/0601212. In particular, the nonlinear differential equations, satisfied by quasiclassical tau-functions are investigated. We also discuss a similar quasiclassical geometric picture, arising in the context of multidimensional supersymmetric gauge theories and the AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: 44 pages, 10 figures, based on several lecture courses and the talks at "Complex geometry and string theory" and the Polivanov memorial seminar; misprints corrected, references added
INTERLINKAGE IN THE RICE MARKET OF GHANA: MONEY-LENDING MILLERS ENHANCE EFFICIENCY
Creators: name: Furuya, Jun
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Furuya, Jun
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Most of the large-scale millers in Ghana provide a loan to the farmers under the agreement that the farmers will bring their paddy to them. This paper examines the effect of this interlinkage on the efficiency of rice milling. A quadratic cost function was estimated, and capacity utilization was calculated in relation to money lending. The results show that if the millers provide a loan to the farmers, the operating rate will increase by 24%.
Neutral Signature Gauged Supergravity Solutions
Creators: name: Gutowski, J. B.
name: Sabra, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify all supersymmetric solutions of minimal D=4 gauged supergravity with (2,2) signature and a positive cosmological constant which admit exactly one Killing spinor. This classification produces a geometric structure which is more general than that found for previous classifications of N=2 supersymmetric solutions of this theory. We illustrate how the N=2 solutions which consist of a fibration over a 3-dimensional Lorentzian Gauduchon-Tod base space can be written in terms of this more generic geometric structure.
description: 20 pages, latex
Comparison of neighboring semiriemannian geometries
Creators: name: Ling, Henry Ho-Kong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Given a convergence sequence of metric tensors gn → g on a manifold M, in what sense does the corresponding geometries (M, gn) converge to (M, g)? This question is examined by comparing the nature of the straight lines in each (M, gn) with the nature of the straight lines in (M, g). The cases of semi-Riemannian geometry Riemannian geometry, and Lorentz geometry are considered in succession. The relevance of this question to problems in general relativity is emphasized, and some potential applications of our results to questions concerning, for example, topological censureship, and singularity theorems are indicated.
EXPLORING GENETIC INSIGHTS FOR COLD TOLERANCE IN BITTER VETCH (VICIA ERVILIA (L.) WILLD.) AND ITS PROPOSED BENEFITS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Bourland, Britton
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Abiotic Stress
subject: Cold-stress
subject: Genome-Wide Association Study
subject: Legume
subject: Rotational Crop
subject: Agronomy
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Climatic shifts are increasingly transforming agricultural systems, intensifying abiotic stressors such as drought, chilling, and freezing, which adversely affect crop yields. Developing crops with resilience to these stressors is essential for maintaining global food security. Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.), an ancient grain legume native to arid regions of the Middle East (Modern day Turkey, Syria, Israel, Iran) presents potential for agricultural diversification due to its grain and forage uses, as well as its inherent resistance to cold, drought and heat. In this study, 114 autumn-sown bitter vetch accessions of diverse origins were evaluated over three years under field conditions to assess their genetic response to cold tolerance. Cold damage scores were recorded for each accession, and a genome-wide association study employing genotype-by-sequencing data was performed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with cold tolerance. A significant SNP was identified on linkage group 4, explaining 31.31% of phenotypic
description: variance for cold damage. This SNP corresponds to homologous cold tolerance genes in the related common vetch (Vicia sativa) reference genome, including CPK4, PUB13, PUB24, GAD2, and SHN1, which are implicated in various cold stress responses. As a legume, bitter vetch establishes a symbiotic relationship with soil-borne rhizobia, enhancing nitrogen fixation and potentially reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers. The findings of this research support the development of cold-tolerant bitter vetch accessions as a resilient source of nutritious grain, hay, and green manure, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. This study addresses the challenges associated with the integration of bitter vetch into modern agricultural systems, underscoring its potential role in enhancing food security under changing climatic conditions.
Additional file 1 of ELAVL1 regulates glycolysis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through the HMGB3/β-catenin axis
Creators: name: Cui, Yi
name: Wen, Haojie
name: Tang, Jinyong
name: Chen, Jiawen
name: Zhou, Juan
name: Hou, Minghua
name: Rong, Xiaohan
name: Lan, Yuanzhao
name: Wu, Qiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1