cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Mass Function of Dark Matter Haloes in a Cosmological Model with a Running Primordial Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
name: Liang, Hong
name: Wang, Bao-Quan
name: Liu, Wen-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first study on the mass functions of Jenkins et al (J01) and an estimate of their corresponding largest virialized dark halos in the Universe for a variety of dark-energy cosmological models with a running spectral index. Compared with the PL-CDM model, the RSI-CDM model can raise the mass abundance of dark halos for small mass halos at lower redshifts, but it is not apparent on scales of massive mass halos. Particularly, this discrepancy increases largely with the decrease of redshift, and the RSI-CDM model can suppress the mass abundance on any scale of halo masses at higher redshift. As for the largest mass of virialized halos, the spatially flat $Λ$CDM models give more massive mass of virialized objects than other models for both of PL-CDM and RSI-CDM power spectral indexs, and the RSI-CDM model can enhance the mass of largest virialized halos for all of models considered in this paper. So we probably distinguish the PL-CDM and RSI-CDM models by the largest virialized halos in the future survey of cluster of galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure and 2 tables, accepted for publication in the International Journal of Modern Physics D(IJMPD), minor revisions
Role of transport performance on neuron cell morphology
Creators: name: Fernandez, E. Louis C. Degli Esposti Boschi G. J. Ortega E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compartmental model is a basic tool for studying signal propagation in neurons, and, if the model parameters are adequately defined, it can also be of help in the study of electrical or fluid transport. Here we show that the input resistance, in different networks which simulate the passive properties of neurons, is the result of an interplay between the relevant conductances, morphology and size. These results suggest that neurons must grow in such a way that facilitates the current flow. We propose that power consumption is an important factor by which neurons attain their final morphological appearance.
description: 9 pages with 3 figures, submitted to Neuroscience Letters
Shape matters: A Brownian microswimmer in a channel
Creators: name: Chen, Hongfei
name: Thiffeault, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the active Brownian particle (ABP) model for a two-dimensional microswimmer with fixed speed, whose direction of swimming changes according to a Brownian process. The probability density for the swimmer evolves according to a Fokker-Planck equation defined on the configuration space, whose structure depends on the swimmer's shape, center of rotation and domain of swimming. We enforce zero probability flux at the boundaries of configuration space. We derive a reduced equation for a swimmer in an infinite channel, in the limit of small rotational diffusivity, and find that the invariant density depends strongly on the swimmer's precise shape and center of rotation. We also give a formula for the mean reversal time: the expected time taken for a swimmer to completely reverse direction in the channel. Using homogenization theory, we find an expression for the effective longitudinal diffusivity of a swimmer in the channel, and show that it is bounded by the mean reversal time.
description: 46 pages, 24 figures. AMSart style
The finite source size effect and the wave optics in gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Matsunaga, Norihito
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the finite source size effect in the context of the wave optics in the gravitational lensing. The magnification of an extended source is presented in an analytic manner for the singular isothermal sphere lens model as well as the point mass lens model with the use of the thin lens approximation. The condition that the finite source size effect becomes substantial is demonstrated. As an application, we discuss possible observational consequences of the finite source size effect on astrophysical systems.
description: 24 pages
U.S.-CANADA BORDER DISPUTES IN GRAINS: DYNAMIC INTERFACE BETWEEN THE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT AND TRADE REMEDY LAWS
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Uhm, Ihn H.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Uhm, Ihn H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: bilateral trade
subject: free trade agreement
subject: trade disputes
subject: trade remedy laws
subject: farm income
subject: farm price
subject: harmonization

description: Agricultural trade between the United States and Canada has been contentious since the inception of the CUSTA agreement in 1989. Even though Canadian exports of wheat and barley are not found to have violated U.S. trade remedy laws, friction seems likely to continue as long as the surge in Canadian exports remains unabated. Gradual harmonization of trade policies, farm subsidy programs, and marketing institutions may reduce trade disputes between the two countries in the future. To diffuse the threat of future trade disputes, a Canada - U.S. joint research team should be formed to deal with the matter through better understanding for causes of the disputes.
ANALYSIS OF FARM FINANCING AND RISK MANAGEMENT FOR U.S. FARMERS
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Duncan, Marvin R.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Duncan, Marvin R.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Farm credit
subject: expansion plans
subject: debt-to-asset ratio
subject: farm demographics
subject: financial tools
subject: credit sources
subject: financial services
subject: non-traditional lending

description: Significant changes under the 1996 FAIR Act and trade agreements are occurring in the U.S. farm sector. The changes will affect both the source and the magnitude of the business and financial risks that farmers will be required to manage. The objectives of this study were to investigate farmer plans regarding business expansion, timing of expansion, and expected financing of that business expansion and to analyze their financial services and risk management strategies. The study was based on data from a nationwide survey of subscribers to Top Operator farm magazine. The data were categorized into six groups for analysis: demographics, intergenerational transfer, debt characteristics, lender relationships, business expansion, and farmer expectations of their lenders. Statistical techniques were used to evaluate differences among farmers across regions of the country, types of farm businesses, and sizes of farm businesses.
Figure S5 from De novo biosynthesis of simple aromatic compounds by an arthropod (Archegozetes longisetosus)
Creators: name: Brückner, Adrian
name: Kaltenpoth, Martin
name: Heethoff, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ability to synthesize simple aromatic compounds is well known from bacteria, fungi and plants, which all share an exclusive biosynthetic route—the shikimic acid pathway. Some of these organisms further evolved the polyketide pathway to form core benzenoids via a head-to-tail condensation of polyketide precursors. Arthropods supposedly lack the ability to synthesize aromatics and instead rely on aromatic amino acids acquired from food, or from symbiotic microorganisms. The few studies purportedly showing de novo biosynthesis via the polyketide synthase (PKS) pathway failed to exclude endosymbiotic bacteria, so their results are inconclusive. We investigated the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds in defence secretions of the oribatid mite Archegozetes longisetosus. Exposing the mites to a diet containing high concentrations of antibiotics removed potential microbial partners but did not affect the production of defensive benzenoids. To gain insights into benzenoid biosynthesis, we fed mites with stable-isotope labelled precursors and monitored incorporation with mass spectrometry. Glucose, malonic acid and acetate, but not phenylalanine, were incorporated into the benzenoids, further evidencing autogenous biosynthesis. Whole-transcriptome sequencing with hidden Markov model profile search of protein domain families and subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed a putative PKS domain similar to an actinobacterial PKS, possibly indicating a horizontal gene transfer.
Casimir effect for the massless Dirac field in two-dimensional Reissner-Nordström spacetime
Creators: name: Gao, Xin-Qin
name: Zhu, Jian-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the two-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole is considered as a system of the Casimir type. In this background the Casimir effect for the massless Dirac field is discussed. The massless Dirac field is confined between two ``parallel plates'' separated by a distance $L$ and there is no particle current drilling through the boundaries. The vacuum expectation values of the stress tensor of the massless Dirac field at infinity are calculated separately in the Boulware state, the Hartle-Hawking state and the Unruh state.
description: 10 pages, no figure. Accepted for publication in IJMPD
Chiral Perturbation Theory Analysis of the Quark Condensate in a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Hofmann, Christoph P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two-loop results for the quark condensate in an external magnetic field within chiral perturbation theory using coordinate space techniques. At finite temperature, we explore the impact of the magnetic field on the pion-pion interaction in the quark condensate for arbitrary pion masses and derive the correct weak magnetic field expansion in the chiral limit. At zero temperature, we provide the complete two-loop representation for the vacuum energy density and the quark condensate.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Roughness and scaling properties of oxide glass surfaces at the nanoscale
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Ispas, Simona
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using atomistic computer simulations we determine the roughness and topographical features of melt-formed (MS) and fracture surfaces (FS) of oxide glasses. We find that the topography of the MS is described well by the frozen capillary wave theory. The FS are significant rougher than the MS and depend strongly on glass composition. The height-height correlation function for the FS shows an unexpected logarithmic dependence on distance, in contrast to the power-law found in experiments. We thus conclude that on length scales less than 10 nm FS are not self-affine fractals.
Figure S4 from De novo biosynthesis of simple aromatic compounds by an arthropod (Archegozetes longisetosus)
Creators: name: Brückner, Adrian
name: Kaltenpoth, Martin
name: Heethoff, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ability to synthesize simple aromatic compounds is well known from bacteria, fungi and plants, which all share an exclusive biosynthetic route—the shikimic acid pathway. Some of these organisms further evolved the polyketide pathway to form core benzenoids via a head-to-tail condensation of polyketide precursors. Arthropods supposedly lack the ability to synthesize aromatics and instead rely on aromatic amino acids acquired from food, or from symbiotic microorganisms. The few studies purportedly showing de novo biosynthesis via the polyketide synthase (PKS) pathway failed to exclude endosymbiotic bacteria, so their results are inconclusive. We investigated the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds in defence secretions of the oribatid mite Archegozetes longisetosus. Exposing the mites to a diet containing high concentrations of antibiotics removed potential microbial partners but did not affect the production of defensive benzenoids. To gain insights into benzenoid biosynthesis, we fed mites with stable-isotope labelled precursors and monitored incorporation with mass spectrometry. Glucose, malonic acid and acetate, but not phenylalanine, were incorporated into the benzenoids, further evidencing autogenous biosynthesis. Whole-transcriptome sequencing with hidden Markov model profile search of protein domain families and subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed a putative PKS domain similar to an actinobacterial PKS, possibly indicating a horizontal gene transfer.
KLARpsy-Text: Helfen Achtsamkeitstrainings dabei, die Leistung im Denken zu verbessern?
Creators: name: ZPID
Publisher: name: KLARpsy
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 150

description: KLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel "Helfen Achtsamkeitstrainings dabei, die Leistung im Denken zu verbessern?". Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Achtsamkeitstrainings sollen das psychische Wohlbefinden verbessern. Dabei kommen oft Techniken zum Einsatz, die auch die kognitiven Fähigkeiten fördern könnten. Zum Beispiel, wenn es darum geht, die Aufmerksamkeit bewusst zu lenken. Einzelne Studien kamen hier jedoch zu uneinheitlichen Ergebnissen. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: Können Achtsamkeitstrainings die kognitiven Fähigkeiten verbessern? Achtsamkeitstrainings können die Leistung im Denken verbessern. Das gilt besonders für das Arbeitsgedächtnis. Die Trainings helfen Menschen über 60 Jahren eher als jüngeren Menschen.
Scale-dependent stochastic quantization
Creators: name: Altaisky, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the wavelet-defined multiscale random noise proposed in [Doklady Physics 2003, v.48, 478], a multiscale version of the stochastic quantization procedure is considered. A new type of the commutation relations emerging from the multiscale decomposition of the operator-valued fields is derived
description: Talk at FFP6 International Conference, Udine, Italy, Sep 2004. LaTeX, 7 pages, 5 eps figures
Auto-Stabilized Electron
Creators: name: Karim, Munawar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We include effects of self-gravitation in the self-interaction of single electrons with the electromagnetic field. When the effect of gravitation is included there is an inevitable cut-off of the k-vector - the upper limit is finite. The inward pressure of the self-gravitating field balances the outward pressure of self-interaction. Both pressures are generated by self-interactions of the electron with two fields - the vacuum electromagnetic field and the self-induced gravitational field. Specifically we demonstrate that gravitational effects must be included to stabilize the electron. We use the Einstein equation to perform an exact calculation of the bare mass and electron radius. We find a close-form solution. We find the electron radius $r_{e} =9.2\sqrt{α/ 4π} \sqrt{\hbar G/c^{3}}$ $ =9.2\sqrt{α/ 4π}l_{P}$ $ \approx 10^{ -36}m$ . $\sqrt{\hbar G/c^{3\text{}}}$ is the Planck length $\ell _{P}$ , which is educed from first principles. We find that the electromagnetic and gravitational fields merge at $\left (8/3\right )\sqrt{α/ 4π} \sqrt{\hbar c/G}$ $ =\left (8/3\right )\sqrt{α/ 4π}\ m_{P} =10^{17} G e V$ in terms of the Planck mass $m_{P}$ . Renormalisation is accomplished by requiring continuity of the interior and exterior metrics at $r_{e}$ .
FEASIBILITY OF A SHEEP COOPERATIVE FOR GRAZING LEAFY SPURGE
Creators: name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Nudell, Daniel J.
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Faller, Timothy
name: Sell, Randall S.
name: Nudell, Daniel J.
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Faller, Timothy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Agribusiness
subject: Leafy Spurge
subject: Cooperative
subject: Weed Control
subject: Sheep Grazing
subject: Economics

description: This report presents an economic feasibility study of a 5,000 head, cooperatively owned, sheep operation for leafy spurge control. The objectives were 1) determine the return on investment of the cooperative, 2) determine the proposed structure of the cooperative, and 3) ascertain the amount of capital investment required by members in the cooperative. Three sheep flock management alternatives were initially considered for the cooperative. These were 1) winter lambing, 2) spring lambing, and 3) fall lambing. The fall lambing scenario was determined to be infeasible because of logistics associated with gathering and transportation of pregnant ewes and lack of grazing pressure on leafy spurge throughout the grazing season. The total capital investment per ewe for the winter lambing scenario was more than the spring lambing scenario - - $301 and $216, respectively. The expected net income generated by the winter lambing scenario was negative. The minimum break-even lamb selling price or lambs sold per ewe for the winter lambing scenario was $84.10/cwt and 1.33, respectively. The spring lambing scenario returned $124,000 annually. The minimum breakeven lamb selling price or lambs sold per ewe for the spring lambing scenario was $59.51/cwt and 0.94, respectively. The expected return on investment (50% equity) for cooperative members with the spring lambing scenario, assuming a 50-acre leafy spurge infestation in a 100-acre pasture and new fence, was 16 percent (stocking rate of 1 ewe and lambs per acre of leafy spurge). While these returns are not a guarantee of success for the spring lambing alternative, they do provide an indication of the potential that such a cooperative may have.
WORLD FEED BARLEY TRADE UNDER ALTERNATIVE TRADE POLICY SCENARIOS
Creators: name: Mao, Weining
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Krause, Mark A.
name: Mao, Weining
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Krause, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: feed barley
subject: international grain trade
subject: trade policy
subject: spatial equilibrium model

description: A spatial equilibrium model based on a quadratic programming algorithm was developed to analyze world feed barley trade and international competition among major exporters (Australia, Canada, the European Union, and the United States) under the current and alternative trade policy scenarios. The U.S. Export Enhancement Program (EEP) plays an important role to maintain U.S. market share in importing countries. Eliminating Canadian rail subsidy decreases Canadian offshore exports, but greatly increases its exports to the United States. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) increases feed barley trade within North America, but has little impact on world trade flows for feed barley. Canada benefits most under the Uruguay Round Agreement of GATT and the world free trade through significantly higher exports to offshore markets and the United States. Australia also gains from free trade. The European Union is worse off under free trade.
Experimental evidence for a universal threshold characterizing wave-induced sea ice break-up
Creators: name: Voermans, J. J.
name: Rabault, J.
name: Filchuk, K.
name: Ryzhov, I.
name: Heil, P.
name: Marchenko, A.
name: Collins, C.
name: Dabboor, M.
name: Sutherland, G.
name: Babanin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waves can drastically transform a sea ice cover by inducing break-up over vast distances in the course of a few hours. However, relatively few detailed studies have described this phenomenon in a quantitative manner, and the process of sea ice break-up by waves needs to be further parameterized and verified before it can be reliably included in forecasting models. In the present work, we discuss sea ice break-up parameterization and demonstrate the existence of an observational threshold separating breaking and non-breaking cases. This threshold is based on information from two recent field campaigns, supplemented with existing observations of sea ice break-up. The data used cover a wide range of scales, from laboratory-grown sea ice to polar field observations. Remarkably, we show that both field and laboratory observations tend to converge to a single quantitative threshold at which the wave-induced sea ice break-up takes place, which opens a promising avenue for robust parametrization in operational forecasting models.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Solid-state ionic rectification in perovskite nanowire heterostructures
Creators: name: Kong, Qiao
name: Obliger, Amael
name: Lai, Minliang
name: Gao, Mengyu
name: Limmer, David T.
name: Yang, Peidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Halide perovskites have attracted increasing research attention regarding their outstanding optoelectronic applications. Owing to its low activation energy, ion migration is implicated in the long-term stability and many unusual transport behaviors of halide perovskite devices. However, precise control of the ionic transport in halide perovskite crystals remains challenging. Here we visualized and quantified the electric-field-induced halide ion migration in an axial CsPbBr$_3$-CsPbCl$_3$ nanowire heterostructure and demonstrated a solid-state ionic rectification, which is due to the non-uniform distribution of the ionic vacancies in the nanowire that results from a competition between electrical screening and their creation and destruction at the electrode interface. The asymmetric heterostructure characteristics add an additional knob to the ion-movement manipulation in the design of advanced ionic circuits with halide perovskites as building blocks.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, extensive SM
Electromagnetic Ion-Ion Instabilities in Space Plasmas: Effects of Suprathermal Populations
Creators: name: Shaaban, S. M.
name: Lazar, M.
name: López, R. A.
name: Poedts, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In collision-poor plasmas from space, three distinct ion-ion instabilities can be driven by the proton beams streaming along the background magnetic field: left-hand resonant, non-resonant, and right-hand resonant instabilities. These instabilities are in general investigated considering only idealized proton beams with Maxwellian velocity distributions, and ignoring the implications of suprathermal populations, usually reproduced by the Kappa power-laws. Moreover, the existing theories minimize the kinetic effects of electrons, assuming them isotropic and Maxwellian distributed. In an attempt to overcome these limitations, in the present paper we present the results of an extended investigation of ion-ion instabilities, which show that their dispersion and stability properties (e.g. growth rates, wave frequencies, and the unstable wave numbers) are highly sensitive to the influence of suprathermal populations and anisotropic electrons. These results offer valuable explanations for the origin of the enhanced low-frequency fluctuations, frequently observed in space plasmas and associated with proton beams.
description: Accepted for publication at ApJ
The conformal Killing equation on forms -- prolongations and applications
Creators: name: Gover, A. Rod
name: Silhan, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53A30; 53C99

description: We construct a conformally invariant vector bundle connection such that its equation of parallel transport is a first order system that gives a prolongation of the conformal Killing equation on differential forms. Parallel sections of this connection are related bijectively to solutions of the conformal Killing equation. We construct other conformally invariant connections, also giving prolongations of the conformal Killing equation, that bijectively relate solutions of the conformal Killing equation on $k$-forms to a twisting of the conformal Killing equation on (k - l)-forms for various integers l. These tools are used to develop a helicity raising and lowering construction in the general setting and on conformally Einstein manifolds.
description: 37 pages
Structure of accretion flows in the nova-like cataclysmic variable RW Tri
Creators: name: Subebekova, G.
name: Zharikov, S.
name: Tovmassian, G.
name: Neustroev, V.
name: Wolf, M.
name: Hernandez, M. -S.
name: Kucakova, H.
name: Khokhlov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained photometric observations of the nova-like cataclysmic variable RW Tri and gathered all available AAVSO and other data from the literature. We determined the system parameters and found their uncertainties using the code developed by us to model the light curves of binary systems. New time-resolved optical spectroscopic observations of RW Tri were also obtained to study the properties of emission features produced by the system. The usual interpretation of the single-peaked emission lines in nova-like systems is related to the bi-conical wind from the accretion disc's inner part. However, we found that the Halpha emission profile is comprised of two components with different widths. We argue that the narrow component originates from the irradiated surface of the secondary, while the broader component's source is an extended, low-velocity region in the outskirts of the accretion disc, located opposite to the collision point of the accretion stream and the disc. It appears to be a common feature for long-period nova-like systems -- a point we discuss.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to MNRAS
The Losses in the Beef Sector in Canada From BSE
Creators: name: Le Roy, Danny G.
name: Klein, Kurt K.
name: Klvacek, Tatiana
name: Le Roy, Danny G.
name: Klein, Kurt K.
name: Klvacek, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The appearance of BSE in the Canadian beef herd brought immediate financial hardship to the industry due to the immediate closure of export outlets to Canadian beef, live animals and by-products. Nobody knew how long the border would stay closed and many worried that the Canadian beef industry could not survive a prolonged disruption of markets for beef. Previously, producers in Canada had enjoyed secure access to markets for beef around the world, with most of the exports destined for the United States, Mexico, Japan and South Korea. Both federal and provincial governments quickly developed assistance programs and, over the next two years, transferred about $2 billion to various sectors of the beef industry. Government subsidies certainly helped the beef sector but industry representatives argued that it did not cover nearly all the losses that had occurred. This is consistent with the results of this study.
Agri-environmental Policy in the European Union: Who's in Charge?
Creators: name: Baylis, Katherine R.
name: Peplow, Stephen
name: Rausser, Gordon C.
name: Simon, Leo K.
name: Baylis, Katherine R.
name: Peplow, Stephen
name: Rausser, Gordon C.
name: Simon, Leo K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The EU has argued that some agricultural subsidies are needed to provide the optimal amount of externalities (both positive and negative) produced by agriculture. The argument is that agriculture is "multifunctional" and externalities such as rural development and landscape would be underproduced, while some forms of pollution (such as nitrogen runoff) would be overproduced without government intervention. Meanwhile, the United States has raised the concern that multifunctionality is primarily an argument to transfer income to producers. One way to try and determine how much of these non-commodity payments are directed to externalities and how much is intended to distribute income to producers is to analyze the variation of the programs among the different member states of the EU. We estimate the degree to which environmental characteristics, agricultural characteristics and political economy variables determine the objective and amount of funding each member states uses to address environmental externalities (both positive and negative). Results indicate that little of the variance in agri-environmental expenditure can be explained by the difference in negative externalities, neither is there clear evidence that the payments are substituting for traditional agricultural subsidies. However, demand for environmental services and political variables seem to be the driving motivators behind a country's decision to spend money on agri-environmental programs.
Pesticide Regulation Under NAFTA: Harmonization in Process?
Creators: name: Badulescu, Dan
name: Baylis, Katherine R.
name: Badulescu, Dan
name: Baylis, Katherine R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Different standards in pesticides and pest protection have often been used as trade barriers, whether real or manufactured. While harmonization is often touted as a means to limit the ability of domestic (protectionist) interests to use standards as a barrier to trade, the process of harmonization itself is subject to rent-seeking. In this paper, we explore the harmonization of standards that affect pesticide use in NAFTA and ask whether the process is benefiting any groups more than others. There is evidence that patented pesticide producers have greater access to the harmonization process and may be using harmonization to raise costs to their rivals while preserving their ability to price discriminate.
The effective electroweak mixing angle $\sin^2θ_{eff}$ with two-loop fermionic contributions
Creators: name: Hollik, W.
name: Meier, U.
name: Uccirati, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from a calculation of the full electroweak two-loop fermionic contributions to the effective leptonic mixing angle of the $Z$ boson, $\sin^2θ_{eff}$, in the Standard Model. On-shell renormalization and analytic calculations are performed for the three-point vertex functions at zero external momenta, whereas irreducible three-point integrals for non-vanishing external momenta are evaluated semi-analytically applying two different methods. Comparisons with a previous calculation show complete agreement.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, reference added, few typos corrected
Time-dependent Andreev reflection
Creators: name: Averin, Dmitri V.
name: Wang, Gongqi
name: Vasenko, Andrey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the basic theory of Andreev reflection (AR) in a normal metal/superconductor junction to the situation with an arbitrary time-dependent bias voltage $V(t)$ across the junction. The central element of the theory is the fact that the Fourier transform of the AR amplitude has a casual structure. As an example, the theory is used to describe the current response to short pulses of the bias voltage, which create coherent superposition of quasiparticle states with different energies. The current oscillates in time, with the gap frequency $Δ/\hbar$, and also as a function of the pulse area $\int V(t)dt$, with the period of the single-electron flux quantum $e/h$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
ELODIE metallicity-biased search for transiting Hot Jupiters II. A very hot Jupiter transiting the bright K star HD189733
Creators: name: Bouchy, Francois
name: Udry, Stephane
name: Mayor, Michel
name: Moutou, Claire
name: Pont, Frederic
name: Iribarne, Nicolas
name: Da Silva, Ronaldo
name: Ilovaisky, Sergio
name: Queloz, Didier
name: Santos, Nuno
name: Segransan, Damien
name: Zucker, Shay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the 160 known exoplanets, mainly detected in large radial-velocity surveys, only 8 have a characterization of their actual mass and radius thanks to the two complementary methods of detection: radial velocities and photometric transit. We started in March 2004 an exoplanet-search programme biased toward high-metallicity stars which are more frequently host extra-solar planets. This survey aims to detect close-in giant planets, which are most likely to transit their host star. For this programme, high-precision radial velocities are measured with the ELODIE fiber-fed spectrograph on the 1.93-m telescope, and high-precision photometry is obtained with the CCD Camera on the 1.20-m telescope, both at the Haute-Provence Observatory. We report here the discovery of a new transiting hot Jupiter orbiting the star HD189733. The planetary nature of this object is confirmed by the observation of both the spectroscopic and photometric transits. The exoplanet HD189733b, with an orbital period of 2.219 days, has one of the shortest orbital periods detected by radial velocities, and presents the largest photometric depth in the light curve (~ 3%) observed to date. We estimate for the planet a mass of 1.15 +- 0.04 Mjup and a radius of 1.26 +- 0.03 RJup. Considering that HD189733 has the same visual magnitude as the well known exoplanet host star HD209458, further ground-based and space-based follow-up observations are very promising and will permit a characterization of the atmosphere and exosphere of this giant exoplanet.
description: 5 pages, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
PURPOSE AND FORMS OF ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL WORK IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS
Creators: name: Khudayberdiev, Abdurashid
name: Ochilov, Bokhodir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article focuses on the goals and forms of activities of the structure operating in the educational and upbringing direction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Supplementary Materials from Spring enhancement and summer reduction in carbon uptake during the 2018 drought in northwestern Europe
Creators: name: Smith, Naomi E.
name: Kooijmans, Linda M. J.
name: Koren, Gerbrand
name: Schaik, Erik Van
name: Woude, Auke M. Van Der
name: Wanders, Niko
name: Ramonet, Michel
name: Xueref-Remy, Irène
name: Siebicke, Lukas
name: Manca, Giovanni
name: Brümmer, Christian
name: Baker, Ian T.
name: Haynes, Katherine D.
name: Luijkx, Ingrid T.
name: Peters, Wouter
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Supporting analysis and information on the drought mask; ICOS ecosystem and atmospheric sites; the correlation between remote sensing products and EC-GPP; extended anomalies; soil moisture modelling; biosphere modelling; and biomass burning emissions.
Dark Matter Generation and Split Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Kaplan, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a simple Split Supersymmetry scenario where fermion masses come from anomaly mediation, yielding m_s ~ 1000 TeV, m_{3/2} ~ 100 TeV, and m_f ~ 1 TeV. We consider non-thermal dark matter production in the presence of moduli, and we find that the decay chains of moduli to LSPs and moduli to gravitinos to LSPs generate dark matter more efficiently than perturbative freeze-out, allowing for a light, LHC visible spectrum. These decaying moduli can also weaken cosmological constraints on the axion decay constant. With squark masses of order 1000 TeV, LHC gluinos will decay millimeters from their primary vertices, resulting in a striking experimental signature, and the suppression of Flavor Changing Neutral Currents is almost sufficient to allow arbitrary mixing in squark mass matrices.
description: V1: 14 p, 1 fig; V2: 19 p, 1 fig, significant additions, references added V3: Matching JHEP
Recursion Relations for Tree Amplitudes in Super Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Luo, Mingxing
name: Wen, Congkao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using newly proposed BCF/BCFW recursion relations, compact formulas are obtained for tree-level n-gluon amplitudes of helicity structure --++...+. We then make an extension of these recursion relations to include fermions of multi-flavors, from which MHV and \bar{MHV} amplitudes are reproduced. We also calculate non-MHV amplitudes of processes with two fermions and four gluons. Results thus obtained are equivalent to those obtained by extended CSW prescriptions, and those by conventional field theory calculations.
description: Minor changes. Published version
A search for changing-look AGN in the Grossan catalog
Creators: name: Bianchi, S.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Matt, G.
name: Chiaberge, M.
name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Maiolino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed with XMM-Newton 4 objects selected from the Grossan catalog, with the aim to search for new 'changing-look' AGN. The sample includes all the sources which showed in subsequent observations a flux much lower than the one measured with HEAO A-1: NGC 7674, NGC 4968, IRAS 13218+0552 and NGC 1667. None of the sources was caught in a high flux state during the XMM-Newton observations, whose analysis reveal they are all likely Compton-thick objects. We suggest that, for all the sources, potential problems with the HEAO A-1 source identification and flux measurement prevent us from being certain that the HEAO A-1 data represent a putative 'high' state for these objects. Nonetheless, based on the high flux state and Compton-thin spectrum of its GINGA observation, NGC 7674 represents probably the sixth known case of a 'changing-look' Seyfert 2 galaxy. From the X-ray variability pattern, we can estimate a likely lower limit of a few parsec to the distance of the inner walls of the torus in this object. Remarkably, IRAS 13218+0552 was not detected by XMM-Newton, despite being currently classified as a Seyfert 1 with a large [OIII] flux. However, the original classification was likely to be affected by an extreme velocity outflow component in the emission lines. The object likely harbors an highly obscured AGN and should be re-classified as a Type 2 source.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 4 of Genetic testing and serological screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing facility in Japan
Creators: name: Chong, Yong
name: Tani, Naoki
name: Ikematsu, Hideyuki
name: Nobuto Terazawa
name: Nakashima, Hitoshi
name: Shimono, Nobuyuki
name: Akashi, Koichi
name: Tanaka, Yosuke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure S1. Cycle threshold values for residents and staff with a real-time PCR-positive result for SARS-CoV-2 according to their symptom status. Cycle threshold values for the first positive PCR results of 37 residents and staff were compared between two groups classified based on the symptomatic status at the time of testing (symptomatic vs. presymptomatic/asymptomatic) The symptomatic status is defined in the methods section. The white circles indicate data of individuals with asymptomatic status. The horizontal solid bars indicate the median values. SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Fluctuations in the number of nodal domains
Creators: name: Nazarov, Fedor
name: Sodin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the variance of the number of connected components of the zero set of the two-dimensional Gaussian ensemble of random spherical harmonics of degree n grows as a positive power of n. The proof uses no special properties of spherical harmonics and works for any sufficiently regular ensemble of Gaussian random functions on the two-dimensional sphere with distribution invariant with respect to isometries of the sphere. Our argument connects the fluctuations in the number of nodal lines with those in a random loop ensemble on planar graphs of degree four, which can be viewed as a step towards justification of the Bogomolny-Schmit heuristics.
Additional file 5 of Genetic testing and serological screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection in a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing facility in Japan
Creators: name: Chong, Yong
name: Tani, Naoki
name: Ikematsu, Hideyuki
name: Nobuto Terazawa
name: Nakashima, Hitoshi
name: Shimono, Nobuyuki
name: Akashi, Koichi
name: Tanaka, Yosuke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure S2. IgG quantification assay in residents and staff with PCR-positive results for SARS-CoV-2. a. Relationship of IgG positivity between rapid kit and quantification tests in 33 PCR-positive residents and staff. The gray circle indicates resident no. 25 from Table S3. The white circle indicates staff no. 10 from Table S3. b, c. Association of age (b) and duration after the first PCR positivity (c) with quantitative IgG values in 32 PCR-positive and quantitative IgG-positive residents and staff. The horizontal dotted lines indicate a cutoff value of 1.4. SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Studying top quark decay into the polarized W-boson in the TC2 model
Creators: name: Wang, Xuelei
name: Zhang, Qiaoli
name: Qiao, Qingpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the decay mode of top quark decaying into Wb in the TC2 model where the top quark is distinguished from other fermions by participating in a strong interaction. We find that the TC2 correction to the decay width $Γ(t \to b W) $ is generally several percent and maximum value can reach 8% for the currently allowed parameters. The magnitude of such correction is comparable with QCD correction and larger than that of minimal supersymmetric model. Such correction might be observable in the future colliders. We also study the TC2 correction to the branching ratio of top quark decay into the polarized W bosons and find the correction is below $ 1 % $. After considering the TC2 correction, we find that our theoretical predictions about the decay branching ratio are also consistent with the experimental data.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
FLIPPED LEARNING TEXNOLOGIYASI ASOSIDA TALABLARNING MUSTAQIL TA'LIMINI TASHKILLASHTIRISHNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Creators: name: Baybabayeva, Shoiraxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezisda Flipped Learning texnologiyasi asosida talablarning mustaqil ta'limini tashkil etishning nazariy asoslari o'rganiladi. Flipped Learning zamonaviy ta'limning yangi modeli bo'lib, talabalarning uyda nazariy materiallar bilan mustaqil shug'ullanishi va sinfdagi mashg'ulotlarda amaliyotga e'tibor qaratishni ta'minlaydi. Bu yondashuv talabalar mustaqilligini, ijodiy fikrlash qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirish va o'z-o'zini baholashni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi. Tadqiqot, Flipped Learning texnologiyasining talabalar o'zlashtirish darajasiga ta'sirini tahlil qiladi va uni samarali joriy etish yo'llarini taklif etadi.
Heubach, Joachim, Die Ordination zum Amte der Kirche
Creators: name: Kantzenbach, Friedrich Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 5 Nr. 4 (1956): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 5, Heft 4
From truth to computability II
Creators: name: Japaridze, Giorgi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.1.1; F.1.2

description: Computability logic is a formal theory of computational tasks and resources. Formulas in it represent interactive computational problems, and "truth" is understood as algorithmic solvability. Interactive computational problems, in turn, are defined as a certain sort games between a machine and its environment, with logical operators standing for operations on such games. Within the ambitious program of finding axiomatizations for incrementally rich fragments of this semantically introduced logic, the earlier article "From truth to computability I" proved soundness and completeness for system CL3, whose language has the so called parallel connectives (including negation), choice connectives, choice quantifiers, and blind quantifiers. The present paper extends that result to the significantly more expressive system CL4 with the same collection of logical operators. What makes CL4 expressive is the presence of two sorts of atoms in its language: elementary atoms, representing elementary computational problems (i.e. predicates, i.e. problems of zero degree of interactivity), and general atoms, representing arbitrary computational problems. CL4 conservatively extends CL3, with the latter being nothing but the general-atom-free fragment of the former. Removing the blind (classical) group of quantifiers from the language of CL4 is shown to yield a decidable logic despite the fact that the latter is still first-order. A comprehensive online source on computability logic can be found at http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~giorgi/cl.html