cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Holographic variables for CFT$_2$ conformal blocks with heavy operators
Creators: name: Alkalaev, K. B.
name: Pavlov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider large-$c$ $n$-point Virasoro blocks with $n-k$ background heavy operators and $k$ perturbative heavy operators. Conformal dimensions of heavy operators scale linearly with large $c$, while splitting into background/perturbative operators assumes an additional perturbative expansion. Such conformal blocks can be calculated within the monodromy method that basically reduces to solving auxiliary Fuchsian second-order equation and finding monodromy of solutions. We show that there exist particular variables that we call holographic, use of which drastically simplifies the whole analysis. In consequence, we formulate the uniformization property of the large-$c$ blocks which states that in the holographic variables their form depends only on the number of perturbative heavy operators. On the other hand, the holographic variables encode the metric in the bulk space so that the conformal blocks with the same number of perturbative operators are calculated by the same geodesic trees but on different geometries created by the background operators.
description: 21 pages, v3: More comments and explanations, new Fig. 1, references added. Journal version
MOESM2 of The mosquito electrocuting trap as an exposure-free method for measuring human-biting rates by Aedes mosquito vectors
Creators: name: Ortega-López, Leonardo
name: Pondeville, Emilie
name: Kohl, Alain
name: León, Renato
name: Betancourth, Mauro
name: Almire, Floriane
name: Torres-Valencia, Sergio
name: Saldarriaga, Segundo
name: Mirzai, Nosrat
name: Ferguson, Heather
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Relationship between observed temperature (°C) and relative humidity (%). Red dots represent individual observations per hour recorded.
Quintessential Inflation on the Brane and the Relic Gravity Wave Background
Creators: name: Sami, M.
name: Sahni, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quintessential inflation describes a scenario in which both inflation and dark energy (quintessence) are described by the same scalar field. In conventional braneworld models of quintessential inflation gravitational particle production is used to reheat the universe. This reheating mechanism is very inefficient and results in an excessive production of gravity waves which violate nucleosynthesis constraints and invalidate the model. We describe a new method of realizing quintessential inflation on the brane in which inflation is followed by `instant preheating' (Felder, Kofman & Linde 1999). The larger reheating temperature in this model results in a smaller amplitude of relic gravity waves which is consistent with nucleosynthesis bounds. The relic gravity wave background has a `blue' spectrum at high frequencies and is a generic byproduct of successful quintessential inflation on the brane.
description: 9 pages, 5 eps figures. Discussion and one eps figure summarizing the GB correction to steep brane world inflation added, typos corrected and references added; final version to appear in PRD
Scintillation balloon for liquid scintillator base Neutrinoless double beta decay search experiments
Creators: name: Obara, S.
name: Gando, Y.
name: Ishidoshiro, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A liquid scintillator base experiment KamLAND-Zen has set a lower limit on neutrinoless double beta decay half-life, and upgrade project KamLAND-Zen 800 has started in 2019. Unfortunately, this project expects some backgrounds, and one of the main backgrounds is beta/gamma-ray from 214Bi in container of xenon loaded liquid scintillator (mini-balloon). In order to reject the background, we suggest using scintillation film for the future mini-balloon. If we can tag alpha-ray from 214Po by scintillation detection, we can eliminate 214Bi events by delayed coincidence analysis. Recently, it was reported that polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) can be used as a scintillator with blue photon emission. PEN has chemical compatibility for strong solvent, thus it has a possibility to use in liquid scintillator. In this presentation, we will mention the results for feasibility studies about transparency and emission spectra, light yield, radioactivity, strength of film etc.. We also show the test-sized scintillation balloon with an 800-mm diameter and discussions about how to use the scintillation balloon in KamLAND.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP 2019), September 9-13, 2019, Toyama, Japan
Uncovering Strong Patterns in Users' Ethical Concerns about Software
Creators: name: X, X
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460805
subject: Fairness, accountability, transparency, trust and ethics of computer systems

description: Ethical concerns about software applications, i.e., privacy breaches, user manipulation, discrimination, and high C02 emissions, have gained prominence recently. Research has shown that users voice their concerns about ethics and software in app reviews and that these concerns can be detected using machine learning and deep learning techniques. These techniques usually operate as black-boxes, making it difficult to understand the context of users' ethical concerns. We address this issue by presenting a transparent approach that uses pattern mining and graph theory to yield additional context to the ethical concern classifications made by machine learning algorithms. We compare a simple frequent pattern mining and a high-utility mining algorithm and assess the interestingness of the resulting patterns. Finally, we visualize and interpret the resulting directed graph. We mined 3,101 reviews of ten popular apps mentioning diverse ethical concerns and present the results for two apps in detail. Our results show that pattern mining algorithms and visualization are promising directions for detecting additional contextual information of ethical concerns about software. This work is a step toward ensuring that ethical concerns are methodically thought through and integrated into the software development life cycle.
Unsatisfiability Proofs for Weight 16 Codewords in Lam's Problem
Creators: name: Bright, Curtis
name: Cheung, Kevin K. H.
name: Stevens, Brett
name: Kotsireas, Ilias
name: Ganesh, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the 1970s and 1980s, searches performed by L. Carter, C. Lam, L. Thiel, and S. Swiercz showed that projective planes of order ten with weight 16 codewords do not exist. These searches required highly specialized and optimized computer programs and required about 2,000 hours of computing time on mainframe and supermini computers. In 2011, these searches were verified by D. Roy using an optimized C program and 16,000 hours on a cluster of desktop machines. We performed a verification of these searches by reducing the problem to the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT). Our verification uses the cube-and-conquer SAT solving paradigm, symmetry breaking techniques using the computer algebra system Maple, and a result of Carter that there are ten nonisomorphic cases to check. Our searches completed in about 30 hours on a desktop machine and produced nonexistence proofs of about 1 terabyte in the DRAT (deletion resolution asymmetric tautology) format.
description: To appear in Proceedings of the 29th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2020)
Separable Multipartite Mixed States - Operational Asymptotically Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
Creators: name: Brandao, Fernando G. S. L.
name: Vianna, Reinaldo O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an operational procedure to determine, with arbitrary probability and accuracy, optimal entanglement witness for every multipartite entangled state. This method provides an operational criterion for separability which is asymptotically necessary and sufficient. Our results are also generalized to detect all different types of multipartite entanglement.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters. Revised version with new calculations
Dimensional reduction in evolving spin-glass model: correlation of phenotypic responses to environmental and mutational changes
Creators: name: Sakata, Ayaka
name: Kaneko, Kunihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of high-dimensional phenotypes is investigated using a statistical physics model consists of interacting spins, in which genotypes, phenotypes, and environments are represented by spin configurations, interaction matrices, and external fields, respectively. We found that phenotypic changes upon diverse environmental change and genetic variation are highly correlated across all spins, consistent with recent experimental observations of biological systems. The dimension reduction in phenotypic changes is shown to be a result of the evolution of the robustness to thermal noise, achieved at the replica symmetric phase.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Pteropus pyrrhocephalus Meyen 1833
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Pteropus
Pteropus pyrrhocephalus

description: Pteropus pyrrhocephalus Meyen, 1833
Meyen, F.J.F. (1833) Beiträge zur Zoologie, gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde, Säugethiere. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae, Naturae Curiosorum 16, 2: 604 [549–610].
 Valid name: Acerodon jubatus (Eschscholtz, 1831)
Syntypes (Andersen 1912: 429): ZMB 340, skin and skull, male, adult. ZMB 341, skin and skull, female, adult. Both from Manila, Luzon, Philippines; collected by Meyen, 1832.
Comment: Andersen (1912: 429) wrote: “the skull of no. 340 (marked no. 7202) is the original of Meyen´s figure, pl. xlvi. figs. 1–3.”
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Tafenoquine: a toxicity overview
Creators: name: Chu, Cindy S.
name: Jimee Hwang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: A century-long history in 8-aminoquinolines, the only anti-malaria drug class preventing malaria relapse, has resulted in the approval of tafenoquine by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and to date registration in Brazil and Thailand. Tafenoquine is an alternative anti-relapse treatment for vivax malaria and malaria prophylaxis. It should not be given in pregnancy, during lactation of infants with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) unknown or deficient status, and in those with G6PD deficiency or psychiatric illness. Areas covered: This systematic review assesses tafenoquine associated adverse events in English-language, human clinical trials. Meta-analysis of commonly reported adverse events was conducted and grouped by comparison arms.Expert opinion: Tafenoquine, either for radical cure or prophylaxis, is generally well tolerated in adults. There is no convincing evidence for neurologic, ophthalmic, and cardiac toxicities. Psychotic disorder which has been attributed to higher doses is a contraindication for the chemoprophylaxis indication and psychiatric illness is a warning for the radical cure indication. Pregnancy assessment and quantitative G6PD testing are required. The optimal radical curative regimen including the tafenoquine dose along with its safety for parts of Southeast Asia, South America, and Oceania needs further assessment.
Landau quantization of multilayer graphene on a Haldane sphere
Creators: name: Hsiao, Wei-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of multilayer graphene on a Haldane sphere and determine the Landau level spectrum for this family of systems. This serves as a generalization of the Landau quantization problem of ordinary non-relativistic Haldane sphere and spherical graphene, or Dirac-like particles on a sphere. The Hamiltonian is diagonalized in a concise algebraic fashion exploiting two mutually commuting SU(2) algebras of the problem. Additionally, using exact wave functions we demonstrate computation of Haldane pseudopotentials in the second Landau level. These exact solutions add to the current toolkits of the numerical studies on fractional quantum Hall effects in systems of graphite multilayers.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
MOESM3 of The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B and C infections in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey
Creators: name: Lingani, Moussa
name: Akita, Tomoyuki
name: Ouoba, Serge
name: Nagashima, Shintaro
name: Palwende Boua
name: Takahashi, Kazuaki
name: Kam, Basile
name: Sugiyama, Aya
name: Nikiema, Théodore
name: Yamamoto, Chikako
name: Somé, Athanase
name: Derra, Karim
name: Ko, Ko
name: Sorgho, Hermann
name: Zekiba Tarnagda
name: Halidou Tinto
name: Tanaka, Junko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive cases among mothers and their children in Nanoro, Burkina Faso, 2018. This table describes the complete information of the HBV strains detected from HBsAg positive mothers and their children, including seromarkers status, viral load, the genotypes and the length of sequences.
Phyllostomus spiculatus Lichtenstein 1823
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Phyllostomus
Phyllostomus spiculatus

description: Phyllostomus spiculatus [Illiger] Lichtenstein, 1823
Lichtenstein, H. (1823) Verzeichnis der Doubletten des zoologischen Museums der Königlichen Universität zu Berlin. Berlin, p. 3 [1–118].
 Valid name: Sturnira lilium (E. Geoffroy, 1810)
Lectotype (here designated): ZMB 412, skin, skull not extracted; Sao Paulo, Brazil; collected by Sellow, between 1818 and 1823.
 Comment: Carter & Dolan (1978: appendix 6, p.134) did not find a type specimen of Ph. spiculatum, although they assumed one should be at the ZMB. The present investigation identified specimen ZMB 412 as a possible type of Phyllostomus spiculatus. Lichtenstein sold off “surplus specimens” [duplicates] out of the Berlin collection. In the doublet catalogue of the year 1823 he listed at least one specimen of Phyllostomus spiculatus for the price of “2 Thaler”. It cannot be excluded that further syntypes remain somewhere else; however the available specimen ZMB 412 is at present the only known existing specimen and is therefore designated as lectotype.
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
On the mixing rules for interstellar inhomogeneous grains
Creators: name: Maron, N.
name: Maron, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the computation of effective refractive coefficients for inhomogeneous two-component grains with 3 kinds of inclusions with ${\rm m_{incl}=3.0+4.0i, 2.0+1.0i, 2.5+0.0001i}$ and a matrix with ${\rm m_m=1.33+0.01i}$ for 11 volume fractions of inclusions from 0% to 50% and wavelengths ${\rmλ}$=0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 ${\rm μm}$. The coefficients of extinction for these grains have been computed using a discrete dipole approximation (DDA). Computation of the extinction by the same method for grains composed of a matrix material with randomly embedded inclusions has been carried out for different volume fractions of inclusions. A comparison of extinction coefficients obtained for both models of grain materials allows to choose the best mixing rule for a mixture. In cases of inclusions with ${\rm m_{incl}}$=2.0+1.0i and 2.5+0.0001i the best fit for the whole wavelengths range and volume fractions of inclusions from 0 to 50% has been obtained for Lichtenecker mixing rule. In case of ${\rm m_{incl}=3.0+4.0i}$ the fit for the whole wavelength range and volume fractions of inclusions from 0 to 50% is not very significant but the best has been obtained for Hanai rule. For volume fractions of inclusion from 0 to 15% a very good fit has been obtained for the whole wavelength range for Rayleigh and Maxwell-Garnett mixing rules.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MOESM1 of The mosquito electrocuting trap as an exposure-free method for measuring human-biting rates by Aedes mosquito vectors
Creators: name: Ortega-López, Leonardo
name: Pondeville, Emilie
name: Kohl, Alain
name: León, Renato
name: Betancourth, Mauro
name: Almire, Floriane
name: Torres-Valencia, Sergio
name: Saldarriaga, Segundo
name: Mirzai, Nosrat
name: Ferguson, Heather
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Text 1: Additional Methods. Table S1. Primers used for detection of arboviruses by RT-PCR. Table S2. Positive control DNA sequences used as PCR positive controls. Text 2. Additional Results.
Phase transition and landscape statistics of the number partitioning problem
Creators: name: Stadler, Peter F.
name: Hordijk, Wim
name: Fontanari, José F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase transition in the number partitioning problem (NPP), i.e., the transition from a region in the space of control parameters in which almost all instances have many solutions to a region in which almost all instances have no solution, is investigated by examining the energy landscape of this classic optimization problem. This is achieved by coding the information about the minimum energy paths connecting pairs of minima into a tree structure, termed a barrier tree, the leaves and internal nodes of which represent, respectively, the minima and the lowest energy saddles connecting those minima. Here we apply several measures of shape (balance and symmetry) as well as of branch lengths (barrier heights) to the barrier trees that result from the landscape of the NPP, aiming at identifying traces of the easy/hard transition. We find that it is not possible to tell the easy regime from the hard one by visual inspection of the trees or by measuring the barrier heights. Only the {\it difficulty} measure, given by the maximum value of the ratio between the barrier height and the energy surplus of local minima, succeeded in detecting traces of the phase transition in the tree. In adddition, we show that the barrier trees associated with the NPP are very similar to random trees, contrasting dramatically with trees associated with the $p$ spin-glass and random energy models. We also examine critically a recent conjecture on the equivalence between the NPP and a truncated random energy model.
Determination of the lightest strange resonance $K_0^*(700)$ or $κ$, from a dispersive data analysis
Creators: name: Peláez, J. R.
name: Rodas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a precise and model-independent dispersive determination from data of the existence and parameters of the lightest strange resonance $κ/K_0^*(700)$. We use both subtracted and unsubtracted partial-wave hyperbolic and fixed-$t$ dispersion relations as constraints on combined fits to $πK\rightarrowπK$ and $ππ\rightarrow K\bar K$ data. We then use the hyperbolic equations for the analytic continuation of the isospin $I=1/2$ scalar partial wave to the complex plane, in order to determine the $κ/K_0^*(700)$ and $K^*(892)$ associated pole parameters and residues.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. References, comments, clarifications and 1 table added. Minor typos corrected. Version to appear on Phys.Rev.Lett
Miniopterus schreibersii subsp. inexpectatus Heinrich 1936
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Miniopteridae
Miniopterus
Miniopterus schreibersii
Miniopterus schreibersii inexpectatus heinrich, 1936

description: Miniopterus schreibersii inexpectatus Heinrich, 1936
Heinrich, G. (1936) Über die von mir im Jahre 1935 in Bulgarien gesammelten Säugetiere. Mitteilungen aus den Königlichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten in Sofia – Bulgarien, 9: 34 [33–48].
 Valid name: Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817)
Holotype: ZMB 47278, skin and skull, male, adult; Karamlek, Strandja, SE Bulgaria; collected by G. Heinrich, 31 July 1935.
Paratypes (same locality, collector and date as for the holotype): ZMB 47279 – 47299 and ZMB 47476 – 47477, skins and skulls.
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Effective Lagrangians for Orientifold Theories
Creators: name: Sannino, F.
name: Shifman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct effective Lagrangians of the Veneziano-Yankielowicz (VY) type for two non-supersymmetric theories which are orientifold daughters of supersymmetric gluodynamics (containing one Dirac fermion in the two-index antisymmetric or symmetric representation of the gauge group). Since the parent and daughter theories are planar equivalent, at N\to\infty the effective Lagrangians in the orientifold theories basically coincide with the bosonic part of the VY Lagrangian. We depart from the supersymmetric limit in two ways. First, we consider finite (albeit large) values of N. Then 1/N effects break supersymmetry. We suggest seemingly the simplest modification of the VY Lagrangian which incorporates these 1/N effects, leading to a non-vanishing vacuum energy density. We analyze the spectrum of the finite-N non-supersymmetric daughters. For N=3 the two-index antisymmetric representation (one flavor) is equivalent to one-flavor QCD. We show that in this case the scalar quark-antiquark state is heavier than the corresponding pseudoscalar state, `` eta' ''. Second, we add a small fermion mass term. The fermion mass term breaks supersymmetry explicitly. The vacuum degeneracy is lifted. The parity doublets split. We evaluate the splitting. Finally, we include the theta-angle and study its implications.
description: LaTeX, 21 pages
Dipolar interactions between field-tuneable, localized emitters in van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Li, Weijie
name: Lu, Xin
name: Dubey, Sudipta
name: Devenica, Luka
name: Srivastava, Ajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While photons in free space barely interact, matter can mediate interactions between them resulting in optical nonlinearities. Such interactions at the single-quantum level result in an on-site photon repulsion, crucial for photon-based quantum information processing and for realizing strongly interacting many-body states of light. Here, we report repulsive dipole-dipole interactions between electric field tuneable, localized interlayer excitons in MoSe$_2$/WSe$_2$ heterobilayer. The presence of a single, localized exciton with an out-of-plane, non-oscillating dipole moment increases the energy of the second excitation by $\sim$ 2 meV -- an order of magnitude larger than the emission linewidth and corresponding to an inter-dipole distance of $\sim$ 5 nm. At higher excitation power, multi-exciton complexes appear at systematically higher energies. The magnetic field dependence of the emission polarization is consistent with spin-valley singlet nature of the dipolar molecular state. Our finding is an important step towards the creation of excitonic few- and many-body states such as dipolar crystals with spin-valley spinor in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures.
Optimizing Brownian escape rates by potential shaping
Creators: name: Chupeau, Marie
name: Gladrow, Jannes
name: Chepelianskii, Alexei
name: Keyser, Ulrich F.
name: Trizac, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brownian escape is key to a wealth of physico-chemical processes, including polymer folding, and information storage. The frequency of thermally activated energy barrier crossings is assumed to generally decrease exponentially with increasing barrier height. Here, we show experimentally that higher, fine-tuned barrier profiles result in significantly enhanced escape rates in breach of the intuition relying on the above scaling law, and address in theory the corresponding conditions for maximum speed-up. Importantly, our barriers end on the same energy on which they start. For overdamped dynamics, the achievable boost of escape rates is, in principle, unbounded so that the barrier optimization has to be regularized. We derive optimal profiles under two different regularizations, and uncover the efficiency of N-shaped barriers. We then demonstrate the viability of such a potential in automated microfluidic Brownian dynamics experiments using holographic optical tweezers and achieve a doubling of escape rates compared to unhindered Brownian motion. Finally, we show that this escape rate boost extends into the low-friction inertial regime.
MOESM2 of The changing epidemiology of hepatitis B and C infections in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey
Creators: name: Lingani, Moussa
name: Akita, Tomoyuki
name: Ouoba, Serge
name: Nagashima, Shintaro
name: Palwende Boua
name: Takahashi, Kazuaki
name: Kam, Basile
name: Sugiyama, Aya
name: Nikiema, Théodore
name: Yamamoto, Chikako
name: Somé, Athanase
name: Derra, Karim
name: Ko, Ko
name: Sorgho, Hermann
name: Zekiba Tarnagda
name: Halidou Tinto
name: Tanaka, Junko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Serological profile among study participants in Nanoro health district area in 2018, Burkina Faso. This table describes the positive rates of HBV and HCV seromarkers classified by its infection status.
Homological properties of non-deterministic branchings and mergings in higher dimensional automata
Creators: name: Gaucher, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P99, 55N35, 68Q85

description: The branching (resp. merging) space functor of a flow is a left Quillen functor. The associated derived functor allows to define the branching (resp. merging) homology of a flow. It is then proved that this homology theory is a dihomotopy invariant and that higher dimensional branchings (resp. mergings) satisfy a long exact sequence.
description: 24 pages and 6 figures ; cf http://www.emis.de/journals/HHA/
Strong blow-up instability for standing wave solutions to the system of the quadratic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Hayato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L71, 35B35, 35A15

description: This paper is concerned with strong blow-up instability (Definition 1.3) for standing wave solutions to the system of the quadratic nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations. In the single case, namely the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with power type nonlinearity, stability and instability for standing wave solutions have been extensively studied. On the other hand, in the case of our system, there are no results concerning the stability and instability as far as we know. In this paper, we prove strong blow-up instability for the standing wave to our system. The proof is based on the techniques in Ohta and Todorova [25]. It turns out that we need the mass resonance condition in two or three space dimensions whose cases are the mass-subcritical case.
description: 37 pages
PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF YOUTH IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY
Creators: name: Talipov, Bakhtiyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The article studies the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of youth economic activity in New Uzbekistan, the deterministic foundations of the development of youth economic activity in New Uzbekistan based on a culture of healthy competition, and the prospects for the development of youth economic activity in New Uzbekistan based on a culture of healthy competition. The deterministic foundations of the development of youth economic activity in New Uzbekistan based on a culture of healthy competition are also analyzed.
The Hidden Subgroup Problem for Universal Algebras
Creators: name: Moore, Matthew
name: Walenczyk, Taylor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hidden Subgroup Problem (HSP) is a computational problem which includes as special cases integer factorization, the discrete logarithm problem, graph isomorphism, and the shortest vector problem. The celebrated polynomial-time quantum algorithms for factorization and the discrete logarithm are restricted versions of a generic polynomial-time quantum solution to the HSP for abelian groups, but despite focused research no full solution has yet been found. We propose a generalization of the HSP to include arbitrary algebraic structures and analyze this new problem on powers of 2-element algebras. We prove a complete classification of every such power as quantum tractable (i.e. polynomial-time), classically tractable, quantum intractable, and classically intractable. In particular, we identify a class of algebras for which the generalized HSP exhibits super-polynomial speedup on a quantum computer compared to a classical one.
Structure and Evolution of Regular Galaxies
Creators: name: Einasto, Jaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: methods: analytical; galaxies: individual: M31; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: fundamental parameters; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure; Astrophysics: Astrophysics of galaxies

description: This is English translation of the Thesis, originally written in Russian and remained unpublished. The Thesis was an attempt to combine data from three previously independent areas: the structure and kinematics of stellar populations of the Galaxy, photometric and dynamical models of galaxies, and models of the dynamical and physical evolution of galaxies. The Thesis was completed in November 1971 and defended in March 17, 1972 for the degree of Doctor of Science in astronomy and celestial mechanics. This synthesis was made with the goal to understand better the vast topic of the structure and evolution of galaxies. The main results of the study can be divided into methodical and astronomical. The methodical results include: (i) extrapolation of the mass distribution function beyond the Sun’s distance, and the determination of the circular velocity at the Sun’s distance from the Galactic centre; (ii) conditions of physical correctness of models are developed, and the generalised exponential model is suggested; (iii) a method has been developed to construct spatial and hydrodynamical models of stellar systems, using a combination of observational data on populations, and data on physical evolution of populations. The main astronomical results are: (i) spatial and hydrodynamical models of the Galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy M31 are elaborated in several approximations; (ii) the dynamical evolution of the Galaxy is reconstructed using kinematical characteristics of stellar populations of different ages; (iii) on the basis of stellar evolutionary tracks and star formation function, a theory of the evolution of galaxies is elaborated. The basic conclusion of the study is: it was impossible to reproduce the observed rotation curves of galaxies with known stellar populations.
description: English translation of a Doctor of ScienceThesis, originally written in Russian and remained unpublished.
Computing noncommutative deformations of presheaves and sheaves of modules
Creators: name: Eriksen, Eivind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14B, 13D

description: We describe a noncommutative deformation theory for presheaves and sheaves of modules that generalizes the commutative deformation theory of these global algebraic structures, and the noncommutative deformation theory of modules over algebras due to Laudal. In the first part of the paper, we describe a noncommutative deformation functor for presheaves of modules on a small category, and an obstruction theory for this functor in terms of global Hochschild cohomology. An important feature of this obstruction theory is that it can be computed in concrete terms in many interesting cases. In the last part of the paper, we describe noncommutative deformation functors for sheaves and quasi-coherent sheaves of modules on a ringed space $(X, \mathcal{A})$. We show that for any good $\mathcal{A}$-affine open cover $\mathsf{U}$ of $X$, the forgetful functor $\mathsf{QCoh}(\mathcal{A}) \to \mathsf{PreSh}(\mathsf{U}, \mathcal{A})$ induces an isomorphism of noncommutative deformation functors. \emph{Applications.} We consider noncommutative deformations of quasi-coherent $\mathcal{A}$-modules on $X$ when $(X, \mathcal{A}) = (X, \mathcal{O}_X)$ is a scheme or $(X, \mathcal{A}) = (X, \mathcal{D})$ is a D-scheme in the sense of Beilinson and Bernstein. In these cases, we may use any open affine cover of $X$ closed under finite intersections to compute noncommutative deformations in concrete terms using presheaf methods. We compute the noncommutative deformations of the left $\mathcal{D}_X$-module $\mathcal{O}_X$ when $X$ is an elliptic curve as an example.
description: 22 pages, AMS-LaTeX. Some results from earlier versions have been omitted to focus on the main results in the paper
MOESM10 of The mosquito electrocuting trap as an exposure-free method for measuring human-biting rates by Aedes mosquito vectors
Creators: name: Ortega-López, Leonardo
name: Pondeville, Emilie
name: Kohl, Alain
name: León, Renato
name: Betancourth, Mauro
name: Almire, Floriane
name: Torres-Valencia, Sergio
name: Saldarriaga, Segundo
name: Mirzai, Nosrat
name: Ferguson, Heather
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 10: Figure S9. Visualization of the individual PCR products of DENV1, DENV2 and DENV3. Samples from Figure S8 are shown for individual runs for each of the three DENV isotypes. Expected size for DENV1 run was 71 bp, 199 bp for the DENV2 run, and 167 bp for the DENV3 run. DENV1+, DENV2+ and DENV3+: positive controls.
Scotophilus variegatus Tomes 1861
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Scotophilus
Scotophilus variegatus

description: Scotophilus variegatus Tomes, 1861
Tomes, R.F. (1861) Notes on a collection of bats made by Mr. Andersson in the Damara Country, South-western Africa, with notices of some other African species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society London, 1861, I: 36 [31–40].
 Valid name: Glauconycteris variegata (Tomes, 1861)
Syntype: ZMB 3033, skin and skull (damaged), male; Otjoro, Namibia; collected by Andersson, 1 December 1859, donated by or in exchange with Tomes.
 Comment: According to a catalogue entry by Peters this specimen is an original exemplar of Tomes description. ZMB 3033 agrees with locality, collector and the exact collecting date in Tomes’ description. Dobson (1875: 388) mentioned that the “type” is in Berlin. O. Thomas considered that two specimens he saw in the Tomes collection matched the measurements given in Tomes’ original description (see Thomas 1905: 77). Tomes did not specify the number of specimens he examined, hence we consider ZMB 3033 as well as the both specimens ex coll. Tomes (= BMNH 1907.1.1.437–438 skins and skulls) as syntypes.
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
MOESM1 of Cardiac function evaluation for a novel one-step detoxification product of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata
Creators: name: He, Ya-nan
name: Zhang, Ding-kun
name: Lin, Jun-zhi
name: Han, Xue
name: Zhang, Ya-ming
name: Zhang, Hai-zhu
name: Pei, Jin
name: Yang, Ming
name: Wang, Jia-bo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Minimum Standards of Reporting Checklist.
Signals induced on electrodes by moving charges, a general theorem for Maxwell's equations based on Lorentz-reciprocity
Creators: name: Riegler, Werner
name: Windischhofer, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a signal theorem for charged particle detectors where the finite propagation time of the electromagnetic waves produced by a moving charge cannot be neglected. While the original Ramo-Shockley theorem and related extensions are all based on electrostatic or quasi-electrostatic approximations, the theorem presented in this report is based on the full extent of Maxwell's equations and does account for all electrodynamic effects. It is therefore applicable to all devices that detect fields and radiation from charged particles.
Revisiting the Casimir Energy with General Boundary Conditions, and applications in 1D Crystals
Creators: name: Muñoz-Castañeda, J. M.
name: Bordag, M.
name: Santamaría-Sanz, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain new expressions for the Casimir energy between plates that are mimicked by the most general possible boundary conditions allowed by the principles of quantum field theory. This result enables to provide the quantum vacuum energy for scalar fields propagating under the influence of a one-dimensional crystal represented by a periodic potential formed by an infinite array of identical potentials with compact support.
description: To appear in Mod. Physics. Lett. A. Based on a talk given at the "10th ALEXANDER FRIEDMANN INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON GRAVITATION AND COSMOLOGY AND 4th SYMPOSIUM ON THE CASIMIR EFFECT" (St. Petersburg, Russia, June 2019)
DNA unzipped under a constant force exhibits multiple metastable intermediates
Creators: name: Danilowicz, Claudia
name: Coljee, Vincent W.
name: Bouzigues, Cedric
name: Lubensky, David K.
name: Nelson, David R.
name: Prentiss, Mara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Single molecule studies, at constant force, of the separation of double-stranded DNA into two separated single strands may provide information relevant to the dynamics of DNA replication. At constant applied force, theory predicts that the unzipped length as a function of time is characterized by jumps during which the strands separate rapidly, followed by long pauses where the number of separated base pairs remains constant. Here, we report previously uncharacterized observations of this striking behavior carried out on a number of identical single molecules simultaneously. When several single lphage molecules are subject to the same applied force, the pause positions are reproducible in each. This reproducibility shows that the positions and durations of the pauses in unzipping provide a sequence-dependent molecular fingerprint. For small forces, the DNA remains in a partially unzipped state for at least several hours. For larger forces, the separation is still characterized by jumps and pauses, but the double-stranded DNA will completely unzip in less than 30 min.
Liquid Crystals in Electric Field
Creators: name: Onuki, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general theory of electric field effects in liquid crystals where the dielectric tensor depends on the orientation order. As applications, we examine (i) the director fluctuations in nematic states in electric field for arbitrary strength of the dielectric anisotropy and (ii) deformation of the nematic order around a charged particle. Some predictions are made for these effects.
description: 9pages, 2figures
HI in NGC 5433 and its Environment: High-Latitude Emission in a Small Galaxy Group
Creators: name: Spekkens, K.
name: Irwin, J. A.
name: Saikia, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HI synthesis maps of the edge-on starburst NGC 5433 and its environment, obtained with the VLA in its C and D configurations. The observations and spectral model residuals of the main disc emission in NGC 5433 reveal 3 extraplanar features. We associate 2 of these features with coherent extraplanar extensions across multiple spectral channels in our data, including a complete loop in position-velocity space. Interpreting the latter as an expanding shell we derive a corresponding input energy of 2 x 10^54 ergs, comparable to that for the largest supershells found in the Galaxy and those in other edge-on systems. NGC 5433 is in a richer environment than previously thought. We confirm that KUG 1359+326 is a physical companion to NGC 5433 and find two new faint companions, both with Minnesota Automated Plate Scanner identifications, that we label SIS-1 and SIS-2. Including the more distant IC 4357, NGC 5433 is the dominant member of a group of at least 5 galaxies, spanning over 750 kpc in a filamentary structure. A variety of evidence suggests that interactions are occurring in this group. While a number of underlying mechanisms are consistent with the morphology of the high-latitude features in NGC 5433, we argue that environmental effects may play a role in their generation.
description: 18 pages including 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. For higher resolution Fig. 1, see http://www.astro.cornell.edu/~spekkens/papers/ v2: Proof-corrected copy
Frequency tunable topological edge states of two-dimensional honeycomb lattice photonic crystals
Creators: name: Peng, Yuchen
name: Yan, Bei
name: Xie, Jianlan
name: Liu, Exian
name: Li, Hang
name: Ge, Rui
name: Gao, Feng
name: Liu, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the photonic quantum spin Hall effect (PQSHE) is realized in dielectric two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb lattice photonic crystal (PC) by stretching and shrinking the honeycomb unit cell. Combining two honeycomb lattice PCs with a common photonic band gap (PBG) but different band topologies can generate a topologically protected edge state at the combined junction. The topological edge states and their unidirectional transmission as the scatterers with triangular, pentagonal, and heptagonal shapes are researched. Meanwhile, the unidirectional transmission in an inverted Ω-shaped waveguide with large bending angle is realized, and verifies the characteristics of the topological protection by adding different kind of defects. Moreover, the frequency varies significantly when changing the scatterers shape, which shows that the PC with various scatterers shape can tune the frequency range of the topological edge state significantly. In other words, it can adjust the frequency of unidirectional transmission and increase the adjustability of the topological edge state.