Trichoclinocera shinogii Saigusa & Sinclair, 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Saigusa, Toyohei
name: Sinclair, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Empididae
Trichoclinocera
Trichoclinocera shinogii

description: Trichoclinocera shinogii sp. nov.
(Figs 8 B, 9F, 10, 14D–F, 16F, 17K, L, 18K, L)
Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “[MIE: Matsusaka]/ Kushidagawa/ Shôchô/ 10m alt., 34°30'9"N/ 136°30'45"E / April 15, 2014 / T. SAIGUSA col.”; [HOLOTYPE]/ Trichoclinocera / shinogii / Saigusa et/ Sinclair, 2016 [red label]” (KUMF). PARATYPES: JAPAN. HONSHU. Aichi: Yahagi-Kago River, Ochiai, Toyota City, 35°6′3″ N 137°10′ 17″E, 27.iv.2008, H. Ohishi (16 ♂, 12 ♀, KUMF, CNC). Kyoto: Kizugawa, Tonosyo, Joyo,20, 22, 30.v.2010, H. Ohishi (1 ♂, 13 ♀, KUMF, CNC). Mie: same locality as holotype, 21, 23.iv.2013, Y. Shinogi (2 ♀, KUMF); same locality as holotype, 1.v.2013, Y. Shinogi (19 ♂, 14 ♀, KUMF, CNC); same locality as holotype, 3.v.2013, Y. Shinogi (41 ♂, 28 ♀, KUMF, CNC); same locality as holotype, 14.iv.2014, TS (16 ♂, 15 ♀, KUMF); same data as holotype (50 ♂, 50 ♀, KUMF, CNC); Kushidagawa, Iwachô, Matsusaka, 21.iv.2013, Y. Shinogi (4 ♂, 5 ♀, KUMF); Kushidagawa, Saekinaka, Taki-chô, 34°30′21″ N 136°31′ 3″E, 1.v.2013, Y. Shinogi (3 ♂, 7 ♀, KUMF).
Recognition. Distinguished from other Japanese species by the divergent radial fork, face entirely blue pruinescent, without median stripe, lateral margin of scutum and postpronotal lobe with broad band of blue pruinescence, male fore femur with anteroventral spine-like setae in tight row and clasping cercus expanded in middle.
Description. Wing length 3.2–3.7 mm. Male. Clothed in blue pruinescence except vertex of head and scutum brown. Head rounded; compound eyes large, rounded. Face completely clothed in blue pruinescence; face parallelsided, slightly wider than width of antennal sockets; lower margin of face with shallow cleft and low carina; gena one-fourth as wide as height of eye. Ocellar bristles longest among cranial bristles; occiput with 2 pairs of bristles posterior to ocellar triangle; postocular with row of short bristles along margin of eye, upper half darker and more stout than lower bristles. Arista-like stylus long and thick. Palpus cylindrical, slender, length less than half height of eye.
Pleura with pale blue pruinescence, with distinct band of lateral pruinescence on scutum; posterolateral corner of scutum near postalar ridge concolorous with surrounding region; prescutellar depression brown; scutum not bivittate. Thoracic setae long, not longer than width of eye; acrostichal setulae lacking; 5–7 pairs dc; 1 pprn, with several short setae; 1 presut spal; 2 npl; 2 psut spal; 1 pal; 1 pair sctl, lacking setulae on disc. Laterotergite with patch of pale setae; prothoracic episternum with long pale setae; anepisternum and katepisternum bare.
Wing narrow, infuscate (Fig. 16 F); pterostigma indistinct. Basal costal seta slightly shorter than length of posterior dc. Row of setulae from base of R to tip of R1; cell dm produced apically; R4 and R5 divergent, basal portion of R4 gently curved, not angularly curved. Halter brown, with pale base.
Legs dark, femora and coxae with blue pruinescence. Coxae with long pale, marginal setae. Fore femur (Figs 17 K, L) with 2 stout anterior bristle in on apical fourth; anteroventral margin with continuous row of stout setae, narrowly spaced in middle, without setae at base; posteroventral margin with 3 stout setae at apical third, 2 stout setae proximal to middle, longer than width of femur, base with row of long slender setae, decreasing in length basally. Fore tibia with biserial row of short, stout setae beneath. Foreleg tarsomeres with pale ventral pubescence. Mid and hind femora with several pairs of preapical antero- and posteroventral setae; anterodorsal bristles widely spaced; posterodorsal bristles lacking. Hind tibia lacking pair of posterodorsal and anterodorsal basal setae; preapical bristles present. Tarsus length longer than corresponding fore and mid tibiae, shorter than hind tibia. Empodium pulvilliform, slightly shorter than claw, longer than half length of tarsomere.
Hypandrium short, broad, quadrate, slightly larger than epandrium (Figs 8 B, 9F). Phallus extended slightly beyond apex of clasping cercus, slightly arched at mid-length; apex with small membranous expansion, not divided into lobes; ejaculatory apodeme nearly straight. Surstylus with membranous apex with fine setae. Clasping cercus expanded in middle, gradually tapered to narrow, rounded apex; bearing peg-like setae on inner anterodorsal margin.
Female. Similar to male except as follows: lacking stout anteroventral and posteroventral setae of fore femur. Fore tibiae lacking biserial row of erect setae beneath (Figs 18 K, L). Posterior marginal setae of tergum 7 rather weak and sparsely distributed; sternum 7 not emarginated posteriorly, with sparse posterior marginal setae, of which several stronger setae almost confined to sublateral groups, 1–2 isolated stronger setae occasionally appearing midventrally; tergum 8 bearing straight posterior marginal setae, sparse, but longish dorsally, shorter and sparse laterally; sternum 8 with midventral group of minute pile-like setulae mixing some longish erect setulae, lateral setulae extremely minute; tergite 10 sparsely bearing 12–16 setae, of which 2 apical ones are very strong and apically curved, other setae shorter, weaker and almost straight or only very weakly curved apically; sternite 10 with short setae (Figs 14 D–F).
Distribution. This species is known only from a few sites in Honshu (Fig. 10).
Etymology. The specific epithet is named after the first collector of this species.
Remarks. This species was collected together with T. miranda sp. nov. standing on the water surface or wet sand at the edge of the Kushida River (Figs 1C, D), a behaviour similar to species of Hydrophorus Fallén (Dolichopodidae). This is very unusual behaviour for Trichoclincera, which almost always sit on the wet surface of large stones or boulders in rapids close to the water surface.
description: Published as part of Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair, Bradley J., 2016, Revision of the Japanese species of Trichoclinocera Collin (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae), pp. 201-229 in Zootaxa 4103 (3) on pages 215-217, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/255748