cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-accelerating Massive Gravity: Hidden Constraints and Characteristics
Creators: name: Motloch, Pavel
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Motohashi, Hayato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-accelerating backgrounds in massive gravity provide an arena to explore the Cauchy problem for derivatively coupled fields that obey complex constraints which reduce the phase space degrees of freedom. We present here an algorithm based on the Kronecker form of a matrix pencil that finds all hidden constraints, for example those associated with derivatives of the equations of motion, and characteristic curves for any 1+1 dimensional system of linear partial differential equations. With the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli decomposition of metric perturbations into angular momentum and parity states, this technique applies to fully 3+1 dimensional perturbations of massive gravity around any isotropic self-accelerating background. Five spin modes of the massive graviton propagate once the constraints are imposed: two spin-2 modes with luminal characteristics present in the massless theory as well as two spin-1 modes and one spin-0 mode. Although the new modes all possess the same - typically spacelike - characteristic curves, the spin-1 modes are parabolic while the spin-0 modes are hyperbolic. The joint system, which remains coupled by non-derivative terms, cannot be solved as a simple Cauchy problem from a single non-characteristic surface. We also illustrate the generality of the algorithm with other cases where derivative constraints reduce the number of propagating degrees of freedom or order of the equations.
description: 27 pages (including 15 pages of appendices), 1 figure
ZnO Nanowire-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Investigation of Growth Conditions
Creators: name: Ternon, C.
name: Rey, G.
name: Thiré, N.
name: Bellet, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 214-217
description: This paper reports on the investigation of ZnO nanowires grown by Metal-Organic Chemical-Vapour- Deposition method. Such materials exhibit nanowires diameter, density and orientations very much compatible with dye-sensitized solar cells applications. The influence of the main experimental growth parameters on the structural properties of the ZnO nanowires network is discussed.
Piezoelectric Domains in the AlGaN Hexagonal Microrods: Effect of Crystal Orientations
Creators: name: Sivadasan, A. K.
name: Mangamma, G.
name: Bera, S.
name: Kamruddin, M.
name: Dhara, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Presently, the piezoelectric materials are finding tremendous applications in the micro-mechanical actuators, sensors and self-powered devices. In this context, the studies pertaining to piezoelectric properties of materials in the different size ranges are very important for the scientific community. The III-nitrides are exceptionally important, not only for optoelectronic but also for their piezoelectric applications. In the present study, we synthesized AlGaN via self catalytic vapor-solid mechanism by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition technique on AlN base layer over intrinsic Si(100) substrate. The growth process is substantiated using X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Raman and photoluminescence study reveal the formation of AlGaN microrods in the wurtzite phase and ensures the high optical quality of the crystalline material. The single crystalline, direct wide band gap and hexagonally shaped AlGaN microrods are studied for understanding the behavior of the crystallites under the application of constant external electric field using the piezoresponse force microscopy. The present study is mainly focused on understanding the behavior of induced polarization for the determination of piezoelectric coefficient of AlGaN microrod along the c-axis and imaging of piezoelectric domains in the sample originating because of the angular inclination of AlGaN microrods with respect to its AlN base layers.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, Journal
Printed Tandem Solar Cell With Novel Semiconducting Material
Creators: name: Ko, B.T.
name: Chen, Y.-C.
name: Yu, C.-I.
name: Chen, C.-P.
name: Chan, S.H.
name: Lin, Y.-H.
name: Chen, Y.-D.
name: Ting, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 229-234
description: A novel soluble conjugated polymers, P2, with coplanar thiophene-phenylene-thiophene (TPT) unit are designed and synthesized as suitable active material used in tandem cells to compensate the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6,6]-phenyl-C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) cell in this paper. Full synthesis and characterization are included and discussed and direct comparisons are made with P3HT. P2 polymer bears advantages in both low optical bandgap (1.7 eV) and high hole mobility properties (3.4 x10-3 cm2/V-s from field effect transistor measurement). The former property shall ensure the photocurrent properties of a solar cell while the latter allows effective charge extraction and lower series resistance. Furthermore, the electrochemical studies of P2 indicate desirable HOMO/LUMO band structure that enables a high open-circuit voltage when pairing with PCBM acceptor. The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of this polymer solar cell thus far based on P2/PC71BM system with a weight ratio of 1:3 reached 4.4% with a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 10.2 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.81 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.53 under AM 1.5G (100 mW/cm2). The preliminary data of the tandem cell with ITO glass/PEDOT:PSS/P2:PC71BM/TiOx/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PC71BM/TiOx/Al configuration has reached Jsc of 6.2 mA/cm2, Voc of 1.33 V, FF of 0.56 and an overall efficiency of 4.6 % under AM 1.5G (100 mW/cm2).
Reliability and methodology of quantitative assessment of harvested and unharvested patellar tendons of ACL injured athletes using ultrasound tissue characterization
Creators: name: Pereira, Carla S.
name: Santos, Rafael C. G.
name: Whiteley, Rod
name: Finni, Taija
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Allied health and rehabilitation science

description: Ultrasound tissue characterization (UTC) imaging has been previously used to describe the characteristics of patellar and Achilles tendons. UTC imaging compares and correlates successive ultrasonographic transverse tendon images to calculate the distribution of four color-coded echo-types that represent different tendon tissue types. However, UTC has not been used to describe the characteristics of patellar tendons after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the intra and inter-rater reliability of the UTC in unharvested and harvested patellar tendons of patients undergoing ACLR. Intra and inter-rater reliability of both UTC data collection and analysis were assessed. Ten harvested and twenty unharvested patellar tendons from eighteen participants were scanned twice by the same examiner. Eleven harvested and ten unharvested patellar tendons from sixteen participants were scanned and analyzed twice by two different examiners. Twenty harvested and nineteen unharvested patellar tendons from twenty-three participants were analyzed twice by two examiners. Quantification of the proportion of echo-types I, II, III and IV in the areas of interest: (1) patella apex, (2) proximal tendon, (3) mid tendon, (4) distal tendon, and overall tendon of harvested and unharvested patellar tendons all displayed excellent intra-rater reliability (ICC2,1: 0.94 to 0.99), excellent inter-rater reliability for harvested and unharvested patellar tendon scanning and analysis (ICC2,1: 0.89 to 0.98), and excellent inter-rater reliability for analysis (ICC2,1: 0.95 to 0.99). Intra-rater reliability for the measure of volume was good (ICC2,1: 0.69 harvested, 0.67 unharvested), whilst mixed results were observed for the measure of mid tendon thickness (ICC2,1: 0.88 harvested, 0.57 unharvested). Inter-rater reliability for scanning and analysis was good for volume (ICC2,1: 0.67) and excellent for thickness (ICC2,1: 0.97), while the inter-rater reliability for analysis was fair to poor for volume (ICC2,1: 0.59 harvested, 0.30 unharvested), and excellent to poor for mid tendon thickness (ICC2,1: 0.85 harvested, 0.24 unharvested). UTC imaging is a reliable tool to characterize the quality of most aspects of unharvested and harvested patellar tendons in subjects undergoing ACLR.Other Information Published in: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13102-019-0124-x
Stability of Efficient Ito-Free Inverted Organic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Zimmermann, B.
name: Würfel, U.
name: Gombert, A.
name: Niggemann, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 235-237
description: The stability of encapsulated inverted organic P3HT:PCBM solar cells under illumination with 1000W/m2 by a sulphur plasma lamp (low UV-light intensity) at a temperature of 50°C in air is investigated. A thin layer of titanium or chromium as buffer layer on the aluminium electrode is used as electron contact. It turns out that devices with chromium as buffer layer are significantly more stable than devices with titanium as buffer layer. For 3% efficient devices with chromium as buffer layer, after a fast decrease on the first day, the efficiency recovers partially and stabilises at ca. 90% of the initial value). After this transient effect the efficiency decreases less than 10% during 1500h. Auger electron spectroscopy shows, that the metallic electron contact in the inverted solar cell is partially oxidised already for as prepared devices.
Microbiome profiling of rotavirus infected children suffering from acute gastroenteritis
Creators: name: Sohail, Muhammad U.
name: Al Khatib, Hebah A.
name: Al Thani, Asmaa A.
name: Al Ansari, Khalid
name: Yassine, Hadi M.
name: Al-Asmakh, Maha
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences
Medical microbiology

description: Background Rotavirus (RV) is a leading cause of pediatric diarrhea and mortality worldwide. The virus causes acute gastroenteritis characterized by moderate to severe vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and fever. Microbial dysbiosis caused by RV infection may significantly influence disease prognosis and the development of other chronic diseases. The gut microbiome plays a vital role in enteric immune response for rotavirus vaccine (RVV) that requires further elucidations. The current study evaluates the gut microbiome of RV positive children and compares gastroenteritis manifestation in children admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Centre, Hamad Medical Cooperation, Doha, Qatar. Stool samples were collected from thirty-nine RV positive and eight healthy control children. 16S rRNA sequence was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Results The data demonstrated a significant increase in microbiome diversity denoted by higher relative abundances of phylum Proteobacteria (p = 0.031), Fusobacteria (p = 0.044) and genus Streptococcus (p ≤ 0.001) in the infected group relative to the control. Similarly, district clustering pattern (PERMANOVA p = 0.01) and higher species richness (Shannon entropy p = 0.018) were observed in the children who received two RVV doses compared with the non-vaccinated or single-dose groups. These microbiome changes were represented by over-abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes (p = 0.003) and Verrucomicrobia (p ≤ 0.001), and lower expression of family Enterobacteriaceae in two RVV doses group. However, microbiome composition was not associated with diarrhea, vomiting, and other parameters of gastroenteritis. Conclusions The observations assert significant microbial signatures of RVV, which is dose-dependent, and suggest manipulating these microbes as a novel approach for improving RVV efficacy. Further studies are warranted to investigate the immune status of these patients and mechanistic investigation to enhance RVV seroconversion.Other Information Published in: Gut Pathogens
 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13099-021-00411-x
Prediction of in-hospital mortality in patients with post traumatic brain injury using National Trauma Registry and Machine Learning Approach
Creators: name: Abujaber, Ahmad
name: Fadlalla, Adam
name: Gammoh, Diala
name: Abdelrahman, Husham
name: Mollazehi, Monira
name: El-Menyar, Ayman
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Background The use of machine learning techniques to predict diseases outcomes has grown significantly in the last decade. Several studies prove that the machine learning predictive techniques outperform the classical multivariate techniques. We aimed to build a machine learning predictive model to predict the in-hospital mortality for patients who sustained Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Methods Adult patients with TBI who were hospitalized in the level 1 trauma center in the period from January 2014 to February 2019 were included in this study. Patients’ demographics, injury characteristics and CT findings were used as predictors. The predictive performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) was evaluated in terms of accuracy, Area Under the Curve (AUC), sensitivity, precision, Negative Predictive Value (NPV), specificity and F-score. Results A total of 1620 eligible patients were included in the study (1417 survival and 203 non-survivals). Both models achieved accuracy over 91% and AUC over 93%. SVM achieved the optimal performance with accuracy 95.6% and AUC 96%. Conclusions for prediction of mortality in patients with TBI, SVM outperformed the well-known classical models that utilized the conventional multivariate analytical techniques.Other Information Published in: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13049-020-00738-5
The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS). III. 142 additional O-type systems
Creators: name: Apellániz, J. Maíz
name: Sota, A.
name: Arias, J. I.
name: Barbá, R. H.
name: Walborn, N. R.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Marco, A.
name: Leão, J. R. S.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Gamen, R. C.
name: Alfaro, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the third installment of GOSSS, a massive spectroscopic survey of Galactic O stars, based on new homogeneous, high signal-to-noise ratio, R~2500 digital observations selected from the Galactic O-Star Catalog (GOSC). In this paper we present 142 additional stellar systems with O stars from both hemispheres, bringing the total of O-type systems published within the project to 590. Among the new objects there are 20 new O stars. We also identify 11 new double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s), of which 6 are of O+O type and 5 of O+B type, and an additional new tripled-lined spectroscopic binary (SB3) of O+O+B type. We also revise some of the previous GOSSS classifications, present some egregious examples of stars erroneously classified as O-type in the past, introduce the use of luminosity class IV at spectral types O4-O5.5, and adapt the classification scheme to the work of Arias et al. (2016).
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS. This version has minor corrections regarding typos and references
Evolution of OH and CO-dark Molecular Gas Fraction Across a Molecular Cloud Boundary In Taurus
Creators: name: Xu, Duo
name: Li, Di
name: Yue, Nannan
name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of 12CO J=1-0, 13CO J=1-0, HI, and all four ground-state transitions of the hydroxyl (OH) radical toward a sharp boundary region of the Taurus molecular cloud. Based on a PDR model that reproduces CO and [CI] emission from the same region, we modeled the three OH transitions, 1612, 1665, 1667 MHz successfully through escape probability non-LTE radiative transfer model calculations. We could not reproduce the 1720 MHz observations, due to un-modeled pumping mechanisms, of which the most likely candidate is a C-shock. The abundance of OH and CO-dark molecular gas (DMG) are well constrained. The OH abundance [OH]/[H2] decreases from 8*10-7 to 1*10-7 as Av increases from 0.4 to 2.7 mag, following an empirical law [OH]/[H2]= 1.5 * 10^{-7} + 9.0 * 10^{-7} * exp(-Av/0.81), which is higher than PDR model predictions for low extinction regions by a factor of 80. The overabundance of OH at extinctions at or below 1 mag is likely the result of a C-shock. The dark gas fraction (DGF, defined as fraction of molecular gas without detectable CO emission) decreases from 80% to 20%, following a gaussian profile DGF= 0.90 * exp(-( Av -0.79 )/0.71)^2) This trend of the DGF is consistent with our understanding that the DGF drops at low visual extinction due to photodissociation of H2 and drops at high visual extinction due to CO formation. The DGF peaks in the extinction range where H2 has already formed and achieved self-shielding but 12CO has not. Two narrow velocity components with a peak-to-peak spacing of ~ 1 km s-1 were clearly identified. Their relative intensity and variation in space and frequency suggest colliding streams or gas flows at the boundary region.
description: 13 pages, Accepted for publication in ApJ
A Topological Machine Learning Pipeline for Classification
Creators: name: Conti, Francesco
name: Moroni, Davide
name: Pascali, Maria Antonietta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N31, 62R40, 68T05

description: In this work, we develop a pipeline that associates Persistence Diagrams to digital data via the most appropriate filtration for the type of data considered. Using a grid search approach, this pipeline determines optimal representation methods and parameters. The development of such a topological pipeline for Machine Learning involves two crucial steps that strongly affect its performance: firstly, digital data must be represented as an algebraic object with a proper associated filtration in order to compute its topological summary, the Persistence Diagram. Secondly, the persistence diagram must be transformed with suitable representation methods in order to be introduced in a Machine Learning algorithm. We assess the performance of our pipeline, and in parallel, we compare the different representation methods on popular benchmark datasets. This work is a first step toward both an easy and ready-to-use pipeline for data classification using persistent homology and Machine Learning, and to understand the theoretical reasons why, given a dataset and a task to be performed, a pair (filtration, topological representation) is better than another.
Second-order variational equations for N-body simulations
Creators: name: Rein, Hanno
name: Tamayo, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: First-order variational equations are widely used in N-body simulations to study how nearby trajectories diverge from one another. These allow for efficient and reliable determinations of chaos indicators such as the Maximal Lyapunov characteristic Exponent (MLE) and the Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO). In this paper we lay out the theoretical framework to extend the idea of variational equations to higher order. We explicitly derive the differential equations that govern the evolution of second-order variations in the N-body problem. Going to second order opens the door to new applications, including optimization algorithms that require the first and second derivatives of the solution, like the classical Newton's method. Typically, these methods have faster convergence rates than derivative-free methods. Derivatives are also required for Riemann manifold Langevin and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods which provide significantly shorter correlation times than standard methods. Such improved optimization methods can be applied to anything from radial-velocity/transit-timing-variation fitting to spacecraft trajectory optimization to asteroid deflection. We provide an implementation of first and second-order variational equations for the publicly available REBOUND integrator package. Our implementation allows the simultaneous integration of any number of first and second-order variational equations with the high-accuracy IAS15 integrator. We also provide routines to generate consistent and accurate initial conditions without the need for finite differencing.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS, code available at https://github.com/hannorein/rebound, figures can be reproduced interactively with binder at http://mybinder.org/repo/hannorein/variations
Transport and Recombination Parameters From AC Impedance Analysis of Bulk Heterojunction P3HT-PCBM Solar Cells
Creators: name: Garcia-Belmonte, G.
name: Barea, E.M.
name: Munar, A.
name: Möhl, T.M.
name: Bisquert, J.
name: Bolink, H.
name: Sessolo, M.
name: Soriano, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 238-239
description: Charge carrier diffusion and recombination in an absorber blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) with indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum contacts have been analyzed in the dark and under illumination by means of impedance spectroscopy. Impedance measurements show that minority carrier (electrons) diffuse out of the P3HT:PCBM-Al depletion zone and their storage contributes to the capacitive response at forward bias. A diffusion-recombination impedance model accounting for the mobility and lifetime parameters is outlined. Electron mobility results to be 2×10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 and lifetime lies within the microsenonds timescale.
Isomer shift and magnetic moment of the long-lived 1/2$^{+}$ isomer in $^{79}_{30}$Zn$_{49}$: signature of shape coexistence near $^{78}$Ni
Creators: name: Yang, X. F.
name: Wraith, C.
name: Xie, L.
name: Babcock, C.
name: Billowes, J.
name: Bissell, M. L.
name: Blaum, K.
name: Cheal, B.
name: Flanagan, K. T.
name: Ruiz, R. F. Garcia
name: Gins, W.
name: Gorges, C.
name: Grob, L. K.
name: Heylen, H.
name: Kaufmann, S.
name: Kowalska, M.
name: Kraemer, J.
name: Malbrunot-Ettenauer, S.
name: Neugart, R.
name: Neyens, G.
name: Nörtershäuser, W.
name: Papuga, J.
name: Sánchez, R.
name: Yordanov, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collinear laser spectroscopy has been performed on the $^{79}_{30}$Zn$_{49}$ isotope at ISOLDE-CERN. The existence of a long-lived isomer with a few hundred milliseconds half-life was confirmed, and the nuclear spins and moments of the ground and isomeric states in $^{79}$Zn as well as the isomer shift were measured. From the observed hyperfine structures, spins $I = 9/2$ and $I = 1/2$ are firmly assigned to the ground and isomeric states. The magnetic moment $μ$ ($^{79}$Zn) = $-$1.1866(10) $μ_{\rm{N}}$, confirms the spin-parity $9/2^{+}$ with a $νg_{9/2}^{-1}$ shell-model configuration, in excellent agreement with the prediction from large scale shell-model theories. The magnetic moment $μ$ ($^{79m}$Zn) = $-$1.0180(12) $μ_{\rm{N}}$ supports a positive parity for the isomer, with a wave function dominated by a 2h-1p neutron excitation across the $N = 50$ shell gap. The large isomer shift reveals an increase of the intruder isomer mean square charge radius with respect to that of the ground state: $δ\langle r^{2}_{c}\rangle^{79,79m}$ = +0.204(6) fm$^{2}$, providing first evidence of shape coexistence.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Accepeted by Phys. Rev. Lett. (2016)
DASSI: differential architecture search for splice identification from DNA sequences
Creators: name: Moosa, Shabir
name: Amira, Prof. Abbes
name: Boughorbel, Dr. Sabri
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Numerical and computational mathematics

description: Background The data explosion caused by unprecedented advancements in the field of genomics is constantly challenging the conventional methods used in the interpretation of the human genome. The demand for robust algorithms over the recent years has brought huge success in the field of Deep Learning (DL) in solving many difficult tasks in image, speech and natural language processing by automating the manual process of architecture design. This has been fueled through the development of new DL architectures. Yet genomics possesses unique challenges that requires customization and development of new DL models. Methods We proposed a new model, DASSI, by adapting a differential architecture search method and applying it to the Splice Site (SS) recognition task on DNA sequences to discover new high-performance convolutional architectures in an automated manner. We evaluated the discovered model against state-of-the-art tools to classify true and false SS in Homo sapiens (Human), Arabidopsis thaliana (Plant), Caenorhabditis elegans (Worm) and Drosophila melanogaster (Fly). Results Our experimental evaluation demonstrated that the discovered architecture outperformed baseline models and fixed architectures and showed competitive results against state-of-the-art models used in classification of splice sites. The proposed model - DASSI has a compact architecture and showed very good results on a transfer learning task. The benchmarking experiments of execution time and precision on architecture search and evaluation process showed better performance on recently available GPUs making it feasible to adopt architecture search based methods on large datasets. Conclusions We proposed the use of differential architecture search method (DASSI) to perform SS classification on raw DNA sequences, and discovered new neural network models with low number of tunable parameters and competitive performance compared with manually engineered architectures. We have extensively benchmarked DASSI model with other state-of-the-art models and assessed its computational efficiency. The results have shown a high potential of using automated architecture search mechanism for solving various problems in the field of genomics.Other Information Published in: BioData Mining
 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13040-021-00237-y
Angular Response of Organic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Cheyns, D.
name: Rand, B.P.
name: Genoe, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Heremans, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 240-243
description: Ultra-thin organic solar cells based on planar heterojunctions show a responsivity that varies as a function of the angle of incident light. Depending on the layer structure, an increase or decrease is observed. This is demonstrated with solar cells based on pentacene/fullerene and boron-subphthalocyanine/fullerene heterojunctions. Optical interference is the cause for the observed behavior, and it can be reproduced by simulations based on the
transfer matrix method. By combining the variable responsivity with the spectrum and the position of the sun during the year, a cumulative year current can be calculated. It is shown that the produced current can be up to 20% higher than expected when only the air-glass reflection is taken into account, and this is a major advantage over thick solar cells without optical interference. The chosen layer structure and thickness has an important effect on the angular response, with simulations showing that optimization should aim for thinner devices.
Early feeding practices and associated factors in Sudan: a cross-sectional analysis from multiple Indicator cluster survey
Creators: name: Abdel-Rahman, Manar E.
name: El-Heneidy, Asmaa
name: Benova, Lenka
name: Oakley, Laura
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Reproductive medicine
Paediatrics

description: In efforts to reduce neonatal mortality, the World Health Organization (WHO) has included breastfeeding among its recommended packages of interventions. Early initiation of breastfeeding and avoidance of prelacteal feeding are key contributors to optimal feeding practices. This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of early breastfeeding practices in Sudan. This study utilises the cross-sectional nationally-representative Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in 2014. The sample includes women who had a live birth in the two years before the survey and their self-report on early breastfeeding practices, namely early initiation and prelacteal feeding. Percentages of these early breastfeeding practices indicators were estimated accounting for the complex survey design. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the factors associated with these outcomes. Of 5622 mothers, 69% initiated breastfeeding within one hour of birth, 72% avoided prelacteal feeding in the first three days after birth, and 51% met the criteria for both (i.e. practised optimal early feeding practice). Optimal early feeding varied across regions of Sudan. Birth by caesarean section (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 0.34; 95% CI 0.25, 0.47) and at a health facility (AOR 0.75; 95% CI 0.60, 0.94) were negatively associated with optimal early feeding practice. Mothers with secondary education (AOR 1.62; 95% CI 1.30, 2.02), those who desired their pregnancy at the time (AOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.08, 1.60), those who were assisted by a skilled birth attendant at birth (AOR 1.48; 95% CI 1.19, 1.83), and those who gave birth to female infants (AOR 1.16; 95% CI 1.02, 1.33) had higher odds of use optimal early feeding practice. Similarly, the odds of optimal early feeding increased with parity and maternal age. Only half of Sudanese mothers practised optimal early feeding practice, with important differences between regions in the country. Early feeding practices in Sudan are associated with various maternal, child and community level factors. The findings suggest the need to develop breastfeeding promotion programs with consideration of regional variations and healthcare system interventions.Other Information Published in: International Breastfeeding Journal
 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-00288-7
First-Principles Theory of Momentum Dependent Local Ansatz Approach to Correlated Electron System
Creators: name: Chandra, Sumal
name: Kakehashi, Yoshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have extended the momentum-dependent local-ansatz (MLA) wavefunction method to the first-principles version using the tight-binding LDA+U Hamiltonian for the description of correlated electrons in the real system. The MLA reduces to the Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory in the weak correlation limit, and describes quantitatively the ground state and related low-energy excitations in solids. The theory has been applied to the paramagnetic Fe. The role of electron correlations on the energy, charge fluctuations, amplitude of local moment, momentum distribution functions, as well as the mass enhancement factor in Fe has been examined as a function of Coulomb interaction strength. It is shown that the inter-orbital charge-charge correlations between $d$ electrons make a significant contribution to the correlation energy and charge fluctuations, while the intra-orbital and inter-orbital spin-spin correlations make a dominant contribution to the amplitude of local moment and the mass enhancement in Fe. Calculated partial mass enhancements are found to be 1.01, 1.01, and 3.33 for $s$, $p$, and $d$ electrons, respectively. The averaged mass enhancement 1.65 is shown to be consistent with the experimental data as well as the recent results of theoretical calculations.
description: 30 Pages, 6 figures
Renate Steiger, Gnadengegenwart, Johann Sebastian Bach im Kontext lutherischer Orthodoxie und Frömmigkeit
Creators: name: Schubach, Martin
Publisher: name: Lutherische Beiträge
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Beiträge, Bd. 7 Nr. 4 (2002): Lutherische Beiträge, Band 7, Heft 4
Multi-junction Polymer Solar Cells
Creators: name: Eerenstein, W.
name: Slooff, L.H.
name: Böhme, S.
name: Voroshazi, E.
name: Veenstra, S.C.
name: Kroon, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 222-228
description: We discuss the materials challenges for increasing cell efficiencies of polymer solar cells via the route of stacking several cells on top of each other in multi-junction solar cells. For such cells, the recombination layer between the two sub cells is crucial. Typically, the recombination layer consists of a semi-transparent n- and p-type semiconductor bilayer. Several options for the recombination layer will be discussed. Furthermore, we discuss how the workfunction and the conductivity of the semi-transparent semiconductors may influence the performance of the cells. We also discuss requirements for accurate measurements of spectral response and efficiency.
Enhancement of Photovoltaic Performance of Quasi Solid-State Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using CuI Layer
Creators: name: Rani, S.
name: Suri, P.
name: Shishodia, P.K.
name: Mehra, R.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 275-277
description: This paper reports, the effect of a thin layer of CuI on photovoltaic performance of quasi solid-state dye sensitized solar cell based on nanoporous ZnO electrode. The solar cells were fabricated using a polymer gel electrolyte
containing low molecular weight Poly (ethylene glycol) (Mw 6000, PEG6000). The cell containing the polymer gel electrolyte generated a short-circuit photocurrent of ~ 2.55 mAcm-2, an open-circuit photovoltage of ~ 0.66V, a fill factor of 0.57 and consequently, an overall power conversion efficiency of ~ 0.96% under 100 mW.cm-2 (air mass: 1.5). Enhancement in the cell performance was observed after modifying the dyed ZnO electrode with a thin layer of CuI. The cell containing the combination of thin layer of CuI and polymer gel electrolyte, delivered ~ 1.3% efficiency under the same conditions with ~ 3.89 mAcm-2 as photocurrent, ~ 0.58V as photovoltage and 0.56 as fill factor. The presence of CuI layer on dye coated ZnO electrode was examined and confirmed using X-ray diffraction.
Acoustic topological insulator and robust one-way sound transport
Creators: name: He, Cheng
name: Ni, Xu
name: Ge, Hao
name: Sun, Xiao-Chen
name: Chen, Yan-Bin
name: Lu, Ming-Hui
name: Liu, Xiao-Ping
name: Feng, Liang
name: Chen, Yan-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovery of novel topological orders of condensed matters is of a significant interest in both fundamental and applied physics due to the associated quantum conductance behaviors and unique symmetry-protected backscattering-immune propagation against defects, which inspired similar fantastic effects in classical waves system, leading to the revolution of the manipulation of wave propagation. To date, however, only few theoretical models were proposed to realize acoustic topological states. Here, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a two dimensional acoustic topological insulators with acoustic analogue of quantum spin Hall Effect. Due to the band inversion mechanism near the double Dirac cones, acoustic one-way pseudospin dependent propagating edge states, corresponding to spin-plus and spin-minus, can be observed at the interface between two graphene-like acoustic crystals. We have also experimentally verified the associated topological immunity of such one-way edge states against the different lattice defects and disorders, which can always lead to inherent propagation loss and noise. We show that this unique acoustic topological phenomenon can offer a new promising application platform for the design of novel acoustic devices, such as one-way sound isolators, acoustic mode switchers, splitters, filters etc.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
A review of movement disorders in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity
Creators: name: Wang, Allison B.
name: Housley, Stephen N.
name: Flores, Ann Marie
name: Kircher, Sheetal M.
name: Perreault, Eric J.
name: Cope, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health services and systems
Allied health and rehabilitation science

description: Chemotherapy agents used in the standard treatments for many types of cancer are neurotoxic and can lead to lasting sensory and motor symptoms that compromise day-to-day movement functions in cancer survivors. To date, the details of movement disorders associated with chemotherapy are known largely through self-reported symptoms and functional limitations. There are few quantitative studies of specific movement deficits, limiting our understanding of dysfunction, as well as effective assessments and interventions. The aim of this narrative review is to consolidate the current understanding of sensorimotor disabilities based on quantitative measures in cancer survivors who received chemotherapy. We performed literature searches on PubMed and found 32 relevant movement studies. We categorized these studies into three themes based on the movement deficits investigated: (1) balance and postural control; (2) gait function; (3) upper limb function. This literature suggests that cancer survivors have increased postural sway, more conservative gait patterns, and suboptimal hand function compared to healthy individuals. More studies are needed that use objective measures of sensorimotor function to better characterize movement disabilities and investigate the underlying causes, as required for developing targeted assessments and interventions. By updating our understanding of movement impairments in this population, we identify significant gaps in knowledge that will help guide the direction of future research.Other Information Published in: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation
 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12984-021-00818-2
Raising the Efficiency Ceiling With Multijunction III-V Concentrator Photovoltaics
Creators: name: King, R.
name: Boca, A.
name: Edmondson, K.M.
name: Romero, M.J.
name: Yoon, H.
name: Law, D.C.
name: Fetzer, C.
name: Haddad, M.
name: Zakaria, A.
name: Hong, W.
name: Mesropian, S.
name: Krut, D.D.
name: Kinsey, G.S.
name: Pien, P.
name: Sherif, R.
name: Karam, N.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 24-29
description: In this paper, we look at the question "how high can solar cell efficiency go?" from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. First-principle efficiency limits are analyzed for some of the main candidates for high-efficiency multijunction terrestrial concentrator cells. Many of these cell designs use lattice-mismatched, or metamorphic semiconductor materials in order to tune subcell band gaps to the solar spectrum. Minority-carrier recombination at dislocations is characterized in GaInAs inverted metamorphic solar cells, with band gap ranging from 1.4 to 0.84 eV, by light I-V, electron-beam-induced current (EBIC), and cathodoluminescence (CL). Metamorphic solar cells with a 3-junction GaInP/ GaInAs/ Ge structure were the first cells to reach over 40% efficiency, with an independently confirmed efficiency of 40.7% (AM1.5D, low-AOD, 240 suns, 25°C). The high efficiency of present III-V multijunction cells now in high-volume production, and still higher efficiencies of nextgeneration cells, is strongly leveraging for low-cost terrestrial concentrator PV systems.
Fast iterative solution of the Bethe-Salpeter eigenvalue problem using low-rank and QTT tensor approximation
Creators: name: Benner, Peter
name: Dolgov, Sergey
name: Khoromskaia, Venera
name: Khoromskij, Boris N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F30, 65F50, 65N35, 65F10

description: In this paper, we study and implement the structural iterative eigensolvers for the large-scale eigenvalue problem in the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) based on the reduced basis approach via low-rank factorizations in generating matrices, introduced in the previous paper. The approach reduces numerical costs down to $\mathcal{O}(N_b^2)$ in the size of atomic orbitals basis set, $N_b$, instead of practically intractable $\mathcal{O}(N_b^6)$ complexity scaling for the direct diagonalization of the BSE matrix. As an alternative to rank approximation of the static screen interaction part of the BSE matrix, we propose to restrict it to a small active sub-block, with a size balancing the storage for rank-structured representations of other matrix blocks. We demonstrate that the enhanced reduced-block approximation exhibits higher precision within the controlled numerical cost, providing as well a distinct two-sided error estimate for the BSE eigenvalues. It is shown that further reduction of the asymptotic computational cost is possible due to ALS-type iteration in block tensor train (TT) format applied to the quantized-TT (QTT) tensor representation of both long eigenvectors and rank-structured matrix blocks. The QTT-rank of these entities possesses almost the same magnitude as the number of occupied orbitals in the molecular systems, $N_o$, hence the overall asymptotic complexity for solving the BSE problem can be estimated by $\mathcal{O}(\log(N_o) N_o^{2})$. We confirm numerically a considerable decrease in computational time for the presented iterative approach applied to various compact and chain-type molecules, while supporting sufficient accuracy.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Manifestations of HbSE sickle cell disease: a systematic review
Creators: name: Khamees, Ibrahim
name: Ata, Fateen
name: Choudry, Hassan
name: Soliman, Ashraf T.
name: De Sanctis, Vincenzo
name: Yassin, Mohamed A.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Biochemistry and cell biology

description: Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is commonly encountered in Africa and Middle Eastern countries. The causative mutation in the gene encoding the hemoglobin subunit β (HBB) leads to various genotypic variants of the disease. This results in varied phenotypes, with a spectrum of complications, from benign to fatal. Hemoglobin SS (HBSS) genotype is associated with most of these complications; hence, it is a severe form of SCD. On the other hand, rare genotypes such as hemoglobin SE (HBSE) are considered benign. There is limited literature about the clinical manifestations and characteristics of patients with HBSE. We pooled all available data describing the phenotypic manifestations of HBSE heterozygote worldwide to perform a systematic review. Methods We performed a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases. Two independent reviewers (FA and IK) evaluated studies for eligibility and extracted data. We synthesized data on demographics, manifestations, and management of HBSE disease. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42021229877. Results We found 68 HBSE patients reported in the literature. 24 cases were extracted from case reports whereas 44 cases from case series and retrospective studies. Turkey reported the highest number of patients (n = 22). 32 (47%) of the patients were males. The mean age was 20.9 ± 18.26 years. The mean HBS and HBE percentages were 61.1% ± 7.25% and 32.3% ± 5.06%, respectively, whereas the mean hemoglobin was 11.64 ± 1.73 g/dl. Reported manifestations of HBSE disease included acute vaso-occlusive pain crisis (n = 22, 32.3%), splenomegaly (n = 11, 16.1%), hemolytic anemia (n = 10, 14.7%), infections (n = 8. 11.7%), bone infarction (n = 4, 5.8%), gallstones (n = 3, 4.4%), venous thromboembolism (VTE) (n = 2, 2.9%) and stroke (n = 2, 2.9%), and hematuria (n = 2, 2.9%). Death due to HBSE complications was reported in three patients. Conclusion HBSE is a rare genotypic variant of SCD. It has been considered a benign form; however, there are multiple reports of severe complications. Severe complications observed in HBSE disease include vaso-occlusive crisis, acute chest syndrome, stroke, bone marrow embolism, and death.Other Information Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02931-1