cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Psittacus collarius Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Psittacus
Psittacus collarius

description: Psittacus collarius [spec. nov.]
P. brachyurus viridis, collo rubente.
Psittacus minor, collo miniaceo. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 297. Raj. av. 181.
Habitat in America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 102, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Pixel Lensing Experiment toward the M31 Bulge
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I demonstrate that one can detect pixel gravitational microlensing events at the rate $\sim 180\ {\rm events}\ {\rm yr}^{-1}$ and that some fraction of events ($\sim 15$) will be good enough to measure time scales at the $20\%$ level if the experiment is carried out toward the central M31 bulge region with a dedicated 1 m telescope and a $2{\rm K}\times2{\rm K}$ CCD. I also show that the event rate could be significantly increased (up to a factor 6.5) if more aggressive observation strategies are adopted. These aggressive strategies include multiple observation sites, using a bigger telescope, and reduction of seeing differences among images. A few years of observation could provide a data set big enough to extract important information about the M31 bulge such as the optical depth distribution, the mass spectrum of M31 MACHOs, and the luminosity function, which currently cannot be obtained by other methods. Additionally, I find that the extinction of M31 bulge light by dust in the disk is {\it not} important and can be approximated by the model in which only $20\%$ of light in $V$ band is extinguished over most of the bulge area.
description: 21 pages including 1 table and 5 figures, 1996, ApJ, in press, 471, 000
Interview with Al in Microsoft BING on Wikipedia and relations with it
Creators: name: Brambilla, Fabio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Wikipedia
AI
Future of AI
Wikipedia and AI

description: The arrival of #AI in the universe of the network and its impact in the real world, assuming that the latter can still be defined in this way, is arousing comments, criticisms, applauses and sharp criticisms regarding the many aspects related to its development and possible applications.

Rather than reading so many opinions on the net, | decided to try asking Al directly what its position is regarding this, while testing its ability to reason or at least extricate itself in questions with self-referring answers
Finite-time blowup for a Schrödinger equation with nonlinear source term
Creators: name: Cazenave, Thierry
name: Martel, Yvan
name: Zhao, Lifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35B44, 35B40

description: We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ u_t = i Δu + | u |^αu \quad \mbox{on ${\mathbb R}^N $, $α>0$,} \] for $H^1$-subcritical or critical nonlinearities: $(N-2) α\le 4$. Under the additional technical assumptions $α\geq 2$ (and thus $N\leq 4$), we construct $H^1$ solutions that blow up in finite time with explicit blow-up profiles and blow-up rates. In particular, blowup can occur at any given finite set of points of ${\mathbb R}^N$. The construction involves explicit functions $U$, solutions of the ordinary differential equation $U_t=|U|^αU$. In the simplest case, $U(t,x)=(|x|^k-αt)^{-\frac 1α}$ for $t<0$, $x\in {\mathbb R}^N$. For $k$ sufficiently large, $U$ satisfies $|ΔU|\ll U_t$ close to the blow-up point $(t,x)=(0,0)$, so that it is a suitable approximate solution of the problem. To construct an actual solution $u$ close to $U$, we use energy estimates and a compactness argument.
How does feedback influence professional behaviour in healthcare? A mixed methods investigation using case studies
Creators: name: D'Lima, Danielle
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Health systems internationally are attempting to address the issue of how to monitor and regulate quality of care in order to maintain and drive up standards. In the UK, policy initiatives focused upon revalidation for clinicians and incident reporting raise questions around how best to feedback and use data to support improvement at professional level. Considerable research has been undertaken to outline the processes by which valid, reliable and useful quality indicators can be defined. The evidence base for how to maximise the influence of feedback on professional behaviour, however, remains heterogeneous. Greater research effort needs to be devoted to understanding the underlying mechanisms through which feedback achieves its goals. This PhD therefore aims to describe and investigate the characteristics and mechanisms by which feedback influences professional behaviour in healthcare. Two perspectives are selected to provide alternative viewpoints. The first is focussed upon personalised feedback interventions in anaesthesia and the second centres around organisational level feedback from incident reporting systems. Within the thesis case study feedback interventions from each of the two perspectives are investigated and evaluated using a mixed methods approach. Qualitative analysis draws upon inductive and theoretically informed deductive reasoning whilst both descriptive and inferential statistics are employed to explore survey data. Participants include consultant anaesthetists, safety science experts and risk managers, among others. Synthesis of results demonstrates that providing feedback is a complex, social, quality improvement intervention. Its influence on professional behaviour is a multifaceted interaction between design characteristics/pre-conditions, psychological processes and intermediary outputs. These mechanisms can be better understood from a sociotechnical perspective drawing upon the fields of psychology, human factors, organisational studies and health services research. This thesis presents an integrative model for understanding the mechanisms through which feedback influences professional behaviour in healthcare.
Kinematics of ionized gas associated with the radio nucleus and lobes in the active galaxy IRAS 04210+0400
Creators: name: Holloway, A. J.
name: Steffen, W.
name: Pedlar, A.
name: Axon, D. J.
name: Dyson, J. E.
name: Meaburn, J.
name: Tadhunter, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used high resolution longslit spectroscopy to investigate the ionized gas in the active galaxy IRAS 04210+0400 and its association with the radio structure. We suggest that two of the ionized components are associated with the central double radio source and observe that the relative positions of these components vary for different emission lines. Both results are consistent with the radio components representing the working surfaces of a pair of jets emerging from the centre of the galaxy. In this scenario, the optical emission in the centre arises behind the bowshocks produced by the jets in the interstellar medium. The emission lines are detected and show a dramatic (~ 900 km/s) spread in velocity at the position of the radio lobe hotspots. We suggest a model which explains this phenomenon as the result of a jet head emerging through the boundary between the interstellar and intergalactic medium. A similar scenario has previously been suggested as a model to explain wide angle tail radio sources (WAT's). Based on this model, we simulate the longslit spectra of these regions and compare the results with the observations.
description: Latex format, 12 pages, 6 figures included, to appear in MNRAS. Also available as Postscript with figures at http://axp2.ast.man.ac.uk:8000/Preprints.html
Cephalobus nanus de Man.
Creators: name: Menzel, Rich.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1913
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Cephalobidae
Cephalobus
Cephalobus nanus

description: Cephalobus nanus de Man.
1884. de Man (l. c.)
Diese sehr kleine, seltene Art, die vielleicht gerade wegen ihrer geringen Größe (0,4—0,45 mm) öfters übersehen wurde, fand ich im Rhätikon bei etwa 2700 m Höhe, und zwar bis jetzt nur in 1 Exemplar. Nach de Man kommt sie in Holland in von süßem oder brackischem Wasser durchtränkter Wiesenerde vor.
description: Published as part of Menzel, Rich., 1913, Mononchus zschokkei n. sp. und einige wenig bekannte, für die Schweiz neue freilebende Nematoden, pp. 408-413 in Zoologischer Anzeiger 42 on page 413, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10797276
Psittacus pullarius Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Psittacus
Psittacus pullarius

description: Psittacus pullarius [spec. nov.]
P. brachyurus viridis, fronte rubra, cauda fulva fascia nigra. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p.
Psittacus parvus viridis, ex india orientali. Alb. av. 3. p. 15. t. 15.
Psittacus minimus viridis, cum fronte & gula rubra. Frisch. av. 4. t. 54.
Psittacus pusillus viridis aethiopicus. Raj. av. 31.
Psittacus minimus. Clus. exot. 365.
Psittacus minor versicolor. Seb. mus. 2. p. 40. t. 40. f. 1.
Habitat in Asia, Aethiopia.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 102-103, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Adaptive filtering algorithms for quaternion-valued signals
Creators: name: Talebi, Sayedpouria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Advances in sensor technology have made possible the recoding of three and four-dimensional signals which afford a better representation of our actual three-dimensional world than the ``flat view'' one and two-dimensional approaches. Although it is straightforward to model such signals as real-valued vectors, many applications require unambiguous modeling of orientation and rotation, where the division algebra of quaternions provides crucial advantages over real-valued vector approaches. The focus of this thesis is on the use of recent advances in quaternion-valued signal processing, such as the quaternion augmented statistics, widely-linear modeling, and the HR-calculus, in order to develop practical adaptive signal processing algorithms in the quaternion domain which deal with the notion of phase and frequency in a compact and physically meaningful way. To this end, first a real-time tracker of quaternion impropriety is developed, which allows for choosing between strictly linear and widely-linear quaternion-valued signal processing algorithms in real-time, in order to reduce computational complexity where appropriate. This is followed by the strictly linear and widely-linear quaternion least mean phase algorithms that are developed for phase-only estimation in the quaternion domain, which is accompanied by both quantitative performance assessment and physical interpretation of operations. Next, the practical application of state space modeling of three-phase power signals in smart grid management and control systems is considered, and a robust complex-valued state space model for frequency estimation in three-phase systems is presented. Its advantages over other available estimators are demonstrated both in an analytical sense and through simulations. The concept is then expanded to the quaternion setting in order to make possible the simultaneous estimation of the system frequency and its voltage phasors. Furthermore, a distributed quaternion Kalman filtering algorithm is developed for frequency estimation over power distribution networks and collaborative target tracking. Finally, statistics of stable quaternion-valued random variables, that include quaternion-valued Gaussian random variables as a special case, is investigated in order to develop a framework for the modeling and processing of heavy-tailed quaternion-valued signals.
The Distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud from the Eclipsing Binary HV2274
Creators: name: Guinan, E. F.
name: Fitzpatrick, E. L.
name: DeWarf, L. E.
name: Maloney, F. P.
name: Maurone, P. A.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Gimenez, A.
name: Pritchard, J. D.
name: Bradstreet, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is crucial for the calibration of the Cosmic Distance Scale. We derive a distance to the LMC based on an analysis of ground-based photometry and HST-based spectroscopy and spectrophotometry of the LMC eclipsing binary system HV2274. Analysis of the optical light curve and HST/GHRS radial velocity curve provides the masses and radii of the binary components. Analysis of the HST/FOS UV/optical spectrophotometry provides the temperatures of the component stars and the interstellar extinction of the system. When combined, these data yield a distance to the binary system. After correcting for the location of HV2274 with respect to the center of the LMC, we find d(LMC) = 45.7 +/- 1.6 kpc or DM(LMC) = 18.30 +/- 0.07 mag. This result, which is immune to the metallicity-induced zero point uncertainties that have plagued other techniques, lends strong support to the ``short'' LMC distance scale as derived from a number of independent methods.
description: 6 pages, including 2 pages of figures. Newly available optical (B and V) photometry has revealed -- and allowed the elimination of -- a systematic error in the previously reported determination of E(B-V) for HV2274. The new result is E(B-V) = 0.12 mag (as compared to the value of 0.083 reported in the original submission) and produces a DECREASE in the distance modulus of HV2274 by 0.12 mag. ApJ Letters, in press
Discontinuous isogeometric analysis methods for the first order form of the neutron transport equation with discrete ordinate angular discretisation
Creators: name: Owens, Alex
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis presents the development of a variety of discontinuous isogeometric discretisations of the discrete ordinates equations for neutron transport in two spatial dimensions. Three discretisations are presented of increasing sophistication, and their convergence properties analysed for a wide selection of test cases. The first discretisation uses a conforming mesh approach, which is analogous to many existing discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods for the discrete ordinates equations. This simplifies the analysis of the differences between isogeometric and finite element methods in terms of the numerical upwinding and sweep ordering. The second discretisation extends this approach by introducing hanging-nodes into the mesh. This overcomes the limitation of the tensor-product refinement structure inherent to isogeometric analysis based on non-uniform rational B-splines with a conforming mesh. Adaptive mesh refinement based on element subdivision is also introduced at this point, driven by a selection of heuristic error indicators. In the final discretisation, each energy group has its own associated mesh. The interpolation of functions between meshes is greatly simplified by deriving the mesh in each energy group from a common initial coarsest mesh. To take full advantage of the flexibility of this discretisation, dual weighted residual error metrics are derived for the multigroup discrete ordinates equations for both fixed source and eigenvalue problems. In a representative deep penetration shielding problem, this method is demonstrated to achieve the same level of accuracy in a detector response as uniform, conforming mesh refinement using approximately an order of magnitude less computational effort.
History state formalism for Dirac's theory
Creators: name: Diaz, N. L.
name: Rossignoli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a history state formalism for a Dirac particle. By introducing a reference quantum clock system it is first shown that Dirac's equation can be derived by enforcing a timeless Wheeler-DeWitt-like equation for a global state. The Hilbert space of the whole system constitutes a unitary representation of the Lorentz group with respect to a properly defined invariant product, and the proper normalization of global states directly ensures standard Dirac's norm. Moreover, by introducing a second quantum clock, the previous invariant product emerges naturally from a generalized continuity equation. The invariant parameter $τ$ associated with this second clock labels history states for different particles, yielding an observable evolution in the case of an hypothetical superposition of different masses. Analytical expressions for both space-time density and electron-time entanglement are provided for two particular families of electron's states, the former including Pryce localized particles.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, final version
A Macroscopic Portfolio Model: From Rational Agents to Bounded Rationality
Creators: name: Trimborn, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a microscopic model of interacting financial agents, where each agent is characterized by two portfolios; money invested in bonds and money invested in stocks. Furthermore, each agent is faced with an optimization problem in order to determine the optimal asset allocation. The stock price evolution is driven by the aggregated investment decision of all agents. In fact, we are faced with a differential game since all agents aim to invest optimal. Mathematically such a problem is ill posed and we introduce the concept of Nash equilibrium solutions to ensure the existence of a solution. Especially, we denote an agent who solves this Nash equilibrium exactly a rational agent. As next step we use model predictive control to approximate the control problem. This enables us to derive a precise mathematical characterization of the degree of rationality of a financial agent. This is a novel concept in portfolio optimization and can be regarded as a general approach. In a second step we consider the case of a fully myopic agent, where we can solve the optimal investment decision of investors analytically. We select the running cost to be the expected missed revenue of an agent and we assume quadratic transaction costs. More precisely the expected revenues are determined by a combination of a fundamentalist or chartist strategy. Then we derive the mean field limit of the microscopic model in order to obtain a macroscopic portfolio model. The novelty in comparison to existent macroeconomic models in literature is that our model is derived from microeconomic dynamics. The resulting portfolio model is a three dimensional ODE system which enables us to derive analytical results. Simulations reveal, that our model is able to replicate the most prominent features of financial markets, namely booms and crashes.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1711.03291
Psittacus galgulus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Psittacus
Psittacus galgulus

description: Psittacus galgulus [spec. nov.]
P. brachyurus viridis, uropygio pectoreque coccineis, vertice caeruleo. Amoen. acad. 4. p.. Osb. iter 101.
Psittacus minimus viridis ruber indicus. Edw. av. 6. t. 6.
Avicula cechini. Aldr. orn. l. 20. p. 560.
Habitat in India.
Pede altero suspensus dormit. Plin. X, 33: Galgulos ipsos dependentes pedibus somnum capere confirmat, quia tutiores ita se sperent.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 103, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d'Aloxe (XVe siècle), Cart. 182 (11 H 233), 105 folios, f. 0098
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2017
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d'Aloxe (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 182 (11 H 233), 105 folios, f. 0098, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d'Aloxe (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 182 (11 H 233), 105 folios, f. 0098, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Combination of Domain Knowledge and Deep Learning for Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Vo, Khuong
name: Pham, Dang
name: Nguyen, Mao
name: Mai, Trung
name: Quan, Tho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emerging technique of deep learning has been widely applied in many different areas. However, when adopted in a certain specific domain, this technique should be combined with domain knowledge to improve efficiency and accuracy. In particular, when analyzing the applications of deep learning in sentiment analysis, we found that the current approaches are suffering from the following drawbacks: (i) the existing works have not paid much attention to the importance of different types of sentiment terms, which is an important concept in this area; and (ii) the loss function currently employed does not well reflect the degree of error of sentiment misclassification. To overcome such problem, we propose to combine domain knowledge with deep learning. Our proposal includes using sentiment scores, learnt by quadratic programming, to augment training data; and introducing the penalty matrix for enhancing the loss function of cross entropy. When experimented, we achieved a significant improvement in classification results.
description: Accepted to MIWAI 2017
First-passage distributions for the one-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation
Creators: name: Artime, Oriol
name: Khalil, Nagi
name: Toral, Raul
name: Miguel, Maxi San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical framework to study the first-passage (FP) and first-return (FR) distributions for the broad family of models described by the one-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation in finite domains, identifying general properties of these distributions for different classes of models. When in the Fokker-Planck equation the diffusion coefficient is positive (nonzero) and the drift term is bounded, as in the case of a Brownian walker, both distributions may exhibit a power-law decay with exponent -3/2 for intermediate times. We discuss how the influence of an absorbing state changes this exponent. The absorbing state is characterized by a vanishing diffusion coefficient and/or a diverging drift term. Remarkably, the exponent of the Brownian walker class of models is still found, as long as the departure and arrival regions are far enough from the absorbing state, but the range of times where the power law is observed narrows. Close enough to the absorbing point, though, a new exponent may appear. The particular value of the exponent depends on the behavior of the diffusion and the drift terms of the Fokker-Planck equation. We focus on the case of a diffusion term vanishing linearly at the absorbing point. In this case, the FP and FR distributions are similar to those of the voter model, characterized by a power law with exponent -2. As an illustration of the general theory, we compare it with exact analytical solutions and extensive numerical simulations of a two-parameter voter-like family models. We study the behavior of the FP and FR distributions by tuning the importance of the absorbing points throughout changes of the parameters. Finally, the possibility of inferring relevant information about the steady-sate probability distribution of a model from the FP and FR distributions is addressed.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Deficit of Far-Infrared [CII] Line Emission toward the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Takao
name: Doi, Yasuo
name: Yui, Yukari Yamashita
name: Okuda, Haruyuki
name: Mochizuki, Kenji
name: Shibai, Hiroshi
name: Nishimura, Tetsuo
name: Low, Frank J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the [CII] 158 micron line emission from the Galactic plane (-10 deg < l < 25 deg, |b| <= 3 deg) with the Balloon-borne Infrared Carbon Explorer (BICE). The observed longitudinal distribution of the [CII] line emission is clearly different from that of the far-infrared continuum emission; the Galactic center is not the dominant peak in the [CII] emission. Indeed, the ratio of the [CII] line emission to far-infrared continuum (I_[CII] / I_FIR) is systematically low within the central several hundred parsecs of the Galaxy. The observational results indicate that the abundance of the C+ ions themselves is low in the Galactic center. We attribute this low abundance mainly to soft UV radiation with fewer C-ionizing photons. This soft radiation field, together with the pervasively high molecular gas density, makes the molecular self-shielding more effective in the Galactic center. The self-shielding further reduces the abundance of C+ ions, and raises the temperature of molecular gas at the C+/C/CO transition zone.
description: Compressed uuencoded postcript, 15 pages with 2 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal (Letters)
Constraining the Asymptotically Safe Cosmology: cosmic acceleration without dark energy
Creators: name: Anagnostopoulos, Fotios K.
name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Kofinas, Georgios
name: Zarikas, Vasilios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently proposed Asymptotically Safe cosmology provides an elegant mechanism towards understanding the nature of dark energy and its associated cosmic coincidence problem. The underlying idea is that the accelerated expansion of the universe can occur due to infrared quantum gravity modifications at intermediate astrophysical scales (galaxies or galaxy clusters) which produce local anti-gravity sources. In this cosmological model no extra unproven energy scales or fine-tuning are used. In this study the Asymptotically Safe model is confronted with the most recent observational data from low-redshift probes, namely measurements of the Hubble parameter, standard candles (Pantheon SnIa, Quasi-stellar objects), Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs) and high redshift probes (CMB shift parameters). Performing an overall likelihood analysis we constrain the free parameters of the model and we test its performance against the concordance model (flat $Λ$CDM) utilizing a large family of information criteria. We find that the Asymptotically Safe model is statistically equivalent with $Λ$CDM, hence it can be seen as a viable and very efficient cosmological alternative.
description: version to appear in JCAP, 19 pages, 4 figures
Justice Sensitivity Is Positively and Negatively Related to Prejudice and Discrimination
Creators: name: Bondü, Rebecca
name: Schwemmer, Felicia
name: Pfetsch, Jan
Publisher: name: International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV)
Year: 2021

description: The trait justice sensitivity captures individual differences in the tendency to perceive injustice and to negatively respond to these perceptions. The tendency to negatively respond to injustice to one’s disadvantage (victim justice sensitivity) was reliably linked to different measures of antisocial behavior and conservative values. Thus, we assumed that victim justice sensitivity should also be positively related to prejudice and discrimination. In contrast, the tendency to negatively respond to injustice to the disadvantage of others (altruistic justice sensitivity), was reliably linked to prosocial behavior. Hence, we assumed that altruistic justice sensitivity should also show negative relations with prejudice and discrimination. In order to test these assumptions, we surveyed justice sensitivity, prejudices against three different groups, and discrimination experiences among N=343 participants (M=26.61 years, 79 percent women) in Germany. We found that victim justice sensitivity predicted more self-perpetrated discrimination. Altruistic justice sensitivity predicted less total prejudice and self-perpetrated discrimination and mediated the link between self-experienced discrimination and prejudice/self-perpetrated discrimination unless age, gender, and education were controlled for. Discrimination can promote discrimination. Future research on correlates and potential risk and protective factors of prejudice and discrimination should also consider justice sensitivity as a moral-related trait.
description: International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV), Vol. 15 (2021)
Tensor-Based Channel Estimation for Dual-Polarized Massive MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Qian, Cheng
name: Fu, Xiao
name: Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.
name: Yang, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The 3GPP suggests to combine dual polarized (DP) antenna arrays with the double directional (DD) channel model for downlink channel estimation. This combination strikes a good balance between high-capacity communications and parsimonious channel modeling, and also brings limited feedback schemes for downlink channel state information within reach---since such channel can be fully characterized by several key parameters. However, most existing channel estimation work under the DD model has not yet considered DP arrays, perhaps because of the complex array manifold and the resulting difficulty in algorithm design. In this paper, we first reveal that the DD channel with DP arrays at the transmitter and receiver can be naturally modeled as a low-rank tensor, and thus the key parameters of the channel can be effectively estimated via tensor decomposition algorithms. On the theory side, we show that the DD-DP parameters are identifiable under very mild conditions, by leveraging identifiability of low-rank tensors. Furthermore, a compressed tensor decomposition algorithm is developed for alleviating the downlink training overhead. We show that, by using judiciously designed pilot structure, the channel parameters are still guaranteed to be identified via the compressed tensor decomposition formulation even when the size of the pilot sequence is much smaller than what is needed for conventional channel identification methods, such as linear least squares and matched filtering. Numerical simulations are presented to showcase the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
description: matlab code is available at: https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/69176-tensor-based-channel-estimation-for-dual-polarized-mimo
Cephalobus vexilliger de Man.
Creators: name: Menzel, Rich.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1913
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Cephalobidae
Cephalobus
Cephalobus vexilliger

description: Cephalobus vexilliger de Man.
1884. de Man (l. c.)
 Auch diese kleine, seltene Art stammt vom selben Fundort wie C. nanus. De Man wies sie im Dünenboden und in humusreicher Erde eines Waldes in Holland nach.
description: Published as part of Menzel, Rich., 1913, Mononchus zschokkei n. sp. und einige wenig bekannte, für die Schweiz neue freilebende Nematoden, pp. 408-413 in Zoologischer Anzeiger 42 on page 413, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10797276
Mathematische Grundvorstellungen durch Bewegungen aufbauen
Creators: name: Radünz, Lena
name: Benölken, Ralf
Publisher: name: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht.
Year: 2021

description: Lernbegleitende Formen bewegten Lernens erlangten bereits eine gewisse Bekanntheit und Verbreitung. Bewegtes Lernen kann aber auch lernerschließend gestaltet werden, so dass es für mathematische Lehr-Lern-Prozesse die Funktion einer Entfaltung sogenannter „Grundvorstellungen“ einzunehmen vermag. Hieraus entsteht eine Brücke zu einem der Hauptkonzepte und -ziele des Mathematikunterrichts, insbesondere mit Blick auf ein verstehensorientiertes Lernen als eines der Grundpostulate der Fachdidaktik Mathematik. Der Beitrag stellt für den skizzierten interdisziplinären Zugang zwischen Sportwissenschaft und Mathematikdidaktik theoretische Hintergründe einerseits und konkrete Beispiele entsprechender Lernumgebungen andererseits vor, wobei der Aufbau eines tragfähigen Verständnisses des dekadischen Stellenwertsystems den Anker der Betrachtung bildet. In diesem Kontext wird insbesondere ein „Zahlenteppich“ vorgestellt, der eine Adaption der bekannten „Hundertertafel“ darstellt und speziell für ein Lernen von Mathematik „durch Bewegung“ entwickelt wurde. Dabei möchte der Beitrag ausgehend von der Theorie-Praxis-Verknüpfung in zwei Punkten zum Nachdenken anregen: Zum einen sollen auf theoretischer Ebene Anstöße zur Reflexion des Aufbaus langjährig etablierter Anschauungsmittel gegeben werden. Zum anderen soll auf praktischer Ebene das Potenzial zur Förderung von Grundvorstellungen durch Bewegungen analysiert werden.
description: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht., Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Die Materialwerkstatt – Ausgabe 3
Psittacus passerinus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Psittacus
Psittacus passerinus

description: Psittacus passerinus [spec. nov.]
P. brachyurus luteo virens, macula alarum alisque subtus caeruleis. Mus. Ad. Fr. 1. p. 14.
Habitat in America.
Magnitudo Passeris.
Remiges subtus & tectrices alarum primariae caeruleae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 103, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Phase transitions in the cell cytoplasm: a theoretical investigation
Creators: name: Wurtz, Jean-David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Biological cells organise their interior into compartments called organelles in order to function. The familiar ones are the mitochondria, the Golgi apparatus and the lysosomes, which are surrounded by a lipid membrane. There are also membrane-less organelles that are currently receiving intense attention from the biology and physics communities. Membrane-less organelles are ubiquitously present, from yeast cells to mammalian cells, and play key roles in biological functions. One of these are the stress granules (SG) that form in the cytoplasm when the cell is under stress, and are indispensable to the cell’s survival. Membrane-less organelles are proteinaceous liquid drops that assemble by phase separation in the cytoplasm. Phase separation under non-equilibrium conditions in the cell cytoplasm is poorly understood as a physical phenomenon, limiting our understanding of membrane-less organelles. In this thesis, we investigate the physics of non-equilibrium phase separation. Specifically, we study a ternary fluid model in which phase-separating proteins can be converted into soluble proteins, and vice versa, via ATP-driven chemical reactions. We elucidate using analytical and simulation methods how drop size, formation and coarsening are controlled by the reaction rates, and categorize comprehensively the qualitative behaviour of the system into distinct regimes. We then apply our formalism to SG formation. Guided by experimental observations, we consider minimal models of SG formation based on phase separation regulated by ATP-driven chemical reactions. We also provide specific predictions that can be tested experimentally. The model studied in this thesis is a minimal model of membrane-less organelle regulation in the cytoplasm, and can also be applied to chemically-controlled drops in emulsions in the engineering setting.
vis-r: Quick radial profile modelling for radio interferometric visibilities
Creators: name: Kennedy, Grant M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a method for parametric radial profile modelling of radio interferometric visibility data. Image-based parametric modelling is common in the field of circumstellar debris disks, and high resolution ALMA observations make this method computationally expensive because many high resolution images must be generated and Fourier transformed. Most circumstellar disks are axisymmetric, so here a method that avoids generating images and instead models radial profiles is outlined. The two main elements are i) $u,v$ space visibility averaging, and ii) using the Discrete Hankel Transform to convert arbitrary parametric radial surface brightness profiles to visibilities. Vertical scale height can be included, but is fixed with radius; in principle this is a limitation but in practise radially-dependent vertical structure information is beyond even ALMA's capability for all but a few debris disks. Combined, these ingredients yield a method that is one to two orders of magnitude faster than image based methods and can be run on a laptop, is sufficient for most ALMA observations of debris disks, and can be used with gradient-based fitting methods such as Hamiltonian Monte-Carlo. A small software package is provided, which is dubbed vis-r.
description: accepted to RASTI
Performance analysis of large wireless networks: a stochastic geometry approach
Creators: name: Bacha, Mudasar
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In recent years, stochastic geometry has emerged as a powerful tool for the modeling, analysis, and design of wireless networks with random topologies. Stochastic geometry has been demonstrated to provide a tractable yet an accurate approach for the performance analysis of wireless networks, when the network nodes are modeled as a Poisson point process. This thesis develops analytical frameworks to study the performance of various large-scale wireless networks with random topologies. Firstly, it develops a mathematical model for the uplink analysis of heterogeneous cellular networks when the base stations have multiple antennas. Further, it studies how the gains of downlink and uplink decoupling can be optimized in such a network. Secondly, this thesis also models, analyzes, and designs an ad-hoc network architecture that utilizes both the wireless power transfer and backscatter communications. The performance of such a network is further compared with a regular powered network. Finally, this thesis for the first time develops a scheduling algorithm for cellular networks that has an information theoretic justification. Then using tools from stochastic geometry, this thesis quantifies the gains of such scheduling algorithm over the traditional scheduling algorithm for the downlink transmission. Furthermore, to find the optimal system parameters that provide the maximum gains, this thesis performs asymptotic analysis and provides a simple optimization algorithm. The accuracy of all the mathematical models have been verified with extensive Monte Carlo simulations.
MPEC 2024-D74 : 2024 DW
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 DW

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Neutral Hydrogen Disk of Arp 10 (=VV 362) : A Non-equilibrium Disk Associated with a Galaxy with Rings and Ripples
Creators: name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Appleton, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLA \ion{H}{1} and optical spectra of the peculiar galaxy Arp~10. Originally believed to be an example of a classical colliding ring galaxy with multiple rings, the new observations show a large disturbed neutral hydrogen disk extending 2.7 times the radius of the bright optical ring. We also present evidence for optical shells or ripples in the outer isophotes of the galaxy reminiscent of the ripples seen in some early type systems. The small elliptical originally believed to be the companion is shown to be a background galaxy. The \ion{H}{1} disk consists of two main parts: a very irregular outer structure, and a more regular inner disk associated with the main bright optical ring. In both cases, the \ion{H}{1} structures do not exactly trace the optical morphology. In the outer parts, the \ion{H}{1} distribution does not correlate well with the optical ripples. Even the inner \ion{H}{1} disk does not correspond well morphologically nor kinematically to the optical rings. These peculiarities lead us to believe that the potential in which the \ion{H}{1} disk resides is significantly out of equilibrium --- a situation which would inherently produce rings of star formation. We suggest that Arp~10 is the result of the intermediate stage of a merger between a large \ion{H}{1} rich disk and a gas-poor disk system. As such, it may represent an example of a class of mergers which lies intermediate between the ``ripple and shell'' accretion systems and the head-on collisional ring galaxies.
description: 12 Pages, uuencoded compressed postscript, 9 figures available upon request. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Also available at http://www.public.iastate.edu/~astro/grad-prog/preprints.html
Infrared Safety of a Neural-Net Top Tagging Algorithm
Creators: name: Choi, Suyong
name: Lee, Seung J.
name: Perelstein, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural network-based algorithms provide a promising approach to jet classification problems, such as boosted top jet tagging. To date, NN-based top taggers demonstrated excellent performance in Monte Carlo studies. In this paper, we construct a top-jet tagger based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and apply it to parton-level boosted top samples, with and without an additional gluon in the final state. We show that the jet observable defined by the CNN obeys the canonical definition of infrared safety: it is unaffected by the presence of the extra gluon, as long as it is soft or collinear with one of the quarks. Our results indicate that the CNN tagger is robust with respect to possible mis-modeling of soft and collinear final-state radiation by Monte Carlo generators.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, final version to be published in JHEP
TIZZA BO'G'IMI SINOVITI KASALLIGI KECHISHINI IMMUNOLOGIK BAXOLASH
Creators: name: Vaxobov, Komiljon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Sinovial suyuqlik - bo'g'imning sinovial bo'shlig'idagi shaffof, yopishqoq, somon rangli suyuqlik bo'lib, biomexanik, metabolik va tartibga solish funktsiyalariga ega. Suyuqlikning molekulyar va hujayrali komponentlari unga qo'shma gomeostazni va ishqalanishsiz harakatni saqlash uchun noyob xususiyatlar va funktsiyalarni beradi.
Categorical notions of fibration
Creators: name: Loregian, Fosco
name: Riehl, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fibrations over a category $B$, introduced to category theory by Grothendieck, encode pseudo-functors $B^{op} \rightsquigarrow {\bf Cat}$, while the special case of discrete fibrations encode presheaves $B^{op} \to {\bf Set}$. A two-sided discrete variation encodes functors $B^{op} \times A \to {\bf Set}$, which are also known as profunctors from $A$ to $B$. By work of Street, all of these fibration notions can be defined internally to an arbitrary 2-category or bicategory. While the two-sided discrete fibrations model profunctors internally to ${\bf Cat}$, unexpectedly, the dual two-sided codiscrete cofibrations are necessary to model $\cal V$-profunctors internally to $\cal V$-$\bf Cat$.
description: These notes were initially written by the second-named author to accompany a talk given in the Algebraic Topology and Category Theory Proseminar in the fall of 2010 at the University of Chicago. A few years later, the now first-named author joined to expand and improve in minor ways the exposition. To appear on "Expositiones Mathematicae"
A Solution to the Horizon Problem: A Delayed Big-Bang Singularity
Creators: name: Celerier, M. N.
name: Schneider, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main drawbacks of standard cosmology, known as the horizon problem, was until now thought to be only solvable in an inflationary scenario. A delayed Big-Bang in an inhomogeneous universe is shown to solve this problem while leaving unimpaired the main successful features of the standard model.
description: 18 LaTeX pages and 2 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A