cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Twelve-month contraceptive continuation among women initiating short- and long-acting reversible contraceptives in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Casey, Sara E.
name: Cannon, Amy
name: Balikubirhi, Benjamin Mushagalusa
name: Muyisa, Jean-Bosco
name: Amsalu, Ribka
name: Tsolka, Maria
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sexual health
Contraceptives
Reproductive health services

description: Context

Despite the inclusion of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in the minimum standards of health care in humanitarian settings, access to SRH services, and especially to contraception, is often compromised in war. Very little is known about continuation and switching of contraceptive methods in these settings. An evaluation of a contraceptive services program in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) was conducted to measure 12-month contraceptive continuation by type of contraceptive method (short-acting or long-acting).

Methods

A stratified systematic sample of women who initiated a contraceptive method 12–18 months prior to data collection was selected retrospectively from facility registers. A total of 548 women was interviewed about their contraceptive use: 304 who began a short-acting method (pills, injectables) and 244 who began a long-acting method (intra-uterine devices, implants). Key characteristics of short-acting method versus long-acting method acceptors were compared using chi-square statistics for categorical data and t-tests for continuous data. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratios were estimated to assess factors associated with discontinuation.

Results

At 12 months, 81.6% women reported using their baseline contraceptive method continuously, with more long-acting than short-acting contraceptive acceptors (86.1% versus 78.0%, p = .02) continuing contraceptive use. Use of a short-acting method (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.74 [95%CI 1.13–2.67]) and desiring a child within two years (HR 2.58 [95%CI 1.45–4.54]) were associated with discontinuation within the first 12 months of use. The vast majority (88.3%) of women reported no prior contraceptive use.

Conclusion

This is the first study of contraceptive continuation in a humanitarian setting. The high percentages of women continuing contraceptive use found here demonstrates that women will choose to initiate and continue use of their desired contraceptive method, even in a difficult, unstable and low contraceptive prevalence setting like North Kivu.
title: Comparison of Distortion in TSE-DWI and EPI-DWI
Creators: name: Chang, Myung Sun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MRI
subject: Head and neck
subject: MR physics
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Prospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Magnetic susceptibility artifacts cause differences in precession frequencies due to local field inhomogeneity at the interface of two adjacent tissues with different susceptibility, resulting in image distortion and signal loss or signal increases...
Convex sensing-reporting optimization for cooperative spectrum sensing
Creators: name: Noel, Adam Josiah Gerald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this thesis, we consider the cooperative spectrum sensing problem in cognitive radio with energy detection. Secondary users with non-identical, independent sensing channels make 1-bit sensing decisions and report their decisions to the secondary base station over orthogonal noisy fading channels. The base station has knowledge of the reporting channel coefficients and acts as a fusion center by combining the decisions with an M-out-of-K rule. We allow the secondary users to trade sensing time slots for additional reporting time slots to increase the signal-to-noise ratios of the reporting channels. We derive the corresponding false alarm and missed detection probabilities, which are functions of the secondary sensor decision thresholds and the durations for sensing and reporting. Furthermore, we bound these probabilities and impose a practical convex region to enable the application of convex optimization for minimization of the false alarm probability for a target missed detection probability. We consider the two cases where the instantaneous and the average reporting channels are known for optimization. Allowing secondary users to trade sensing time slots for additional reporting time slots is shown to significantly improve sensing performance in both cases, even with poor sensing channels and a small number of secondary users.
Additional file 10 of Human induced-T-to-natural killer cells have potent anti-tumour activities
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhiwu
name: Qin, Le
name: Tang, Yuou
name: Liao, Rui
name: Shi, Jingxuan
name: He, Bingjia
name: Li, Shanglin
name: Zheng, Diwei
name: Cui, Yuanbin
name: Wu, Qiting
name: Long, Youguo
name: Yao, Yao
name: Wei, Zhihui
name: Hong, Qilan
name: Wu, Yi
name: Mai, Yuanbang
name: Gou, Shixue
name: Li, Xiaoping
name: Weinkove, Robert
name: Norton, Sam
name: Luo, Wei
name: Feng, Weineng
name: Zhou, Hongsheng
name: Liu, Qifa
name: Chen, Jiekai
name: Lai, Liangxue
name: Chen, Xinwen
name: Pei, Duanqing
name: Graf, Thomas
name: Liu, Xingguo
name: Li, Yangqiu
name: Liu, Pentao
name: Zhang, Zhenfeng
name: Li, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 10: Table S10. Antibodies and sgRNAs used in this study.
Lifshitz-type Quantum Field Theories in Particle Physics
Creators: name: Alexandre, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This introduction to Lifshitz-type field theories reviews some of its aspects in Particle Physics. Attractive features of these models are described with different examples, as the improvement of graphs convergence, the introduction of new renormalizable interactions, dynamical mass generation, asymptotic freedom, and other features related to more specific models. On the other hand, problems with the expected emergence of Lorentz symmetry in the IR are discussed, related to the different effective light cones seen by different particles when they interact.
description: 26 pages, comments and references added
Background field approach to electromagnetic properties of baryons
Creators: name: Ledwig, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the self-energies of particles in an external magnetic field $B$. The dependence is generally of the type $\sqrt{P(B)}$ with $P$ a polynomial in $B$ and the participating masses. The non-analytic point depends on the mass and charge constellations, is unproblematic for stable particles but constrains the linear energy shift approximation for resonances. We calculate the $B$ dependent self-energies of the nucleon and $Δ(1232)$-isobar in the SU(2) covariant chiral perturbation theory and outline a way to obtain finite volume corrections to the nucleon anomalous magnetic moment without using the three point function method. We show that finite volume corrections might explain present discrepancies of lattice QCD and chiral perturbation theory results in the small pion mass region.
description: revised, Refs added
Anti-oppression strategies for online educational environments
Creators: name: Ortega, Amelia
name: Marquart, Matthea S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Web-based instruction
Anti-racism
Community and school
Education

description: Learning objectives: 1) Identify logistics and strategies for setting up an online classroom to promote community and accountability.
2) Build a toolkit of anti-racist approaches to online instruction.
3) Prepare potential responses for addressing acts of micro and macro oppression that may occur within online classrooms.
With thanks to the 2016 Workshop Planning Team:
– Kyoko Kishimoto, Associate Professor, Department of Ethnic and Women's Studies, St. Cloud State University;
– Debra Leigh, Professor and Lead Organizer, Community Anti-Racism Education Initiative, St. Cloud State University;
– Melissa Prescott, Associate Professor, Learning Resources Services, St. Cloud State University;
– Iyekiyapiwin Darlene St. Clair, Associate Professor and Director, Multicultural Resource Center, St. Cloud State University.
Partners for healthy forests: a perspective from the Colorado Timber Industry Association
Creators: name: Spaulding, Carl
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008
Subjects: timber industry
Colorado
byproduct biomass
forest biomass products

description: Presented at the Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado conference, February 21, 2008, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
description: Carl Spaulding has been working in the timber industry for nearly 50 years. He is founding member, Past President, and is the current President of the Colorado Timber Industry Association. His previous work experience includes managing a number of different timber companies located in and around the Fort Collins, Colorado area. Currently, Carl is the Project Manager for Wes Moser & Sons / Renewable Fiber based in Fort Lupton, Colorado with locations along the northern Front Range. He also served in the U.S. Army Medical Corps. in Korea. Carl holds a B.S. degree in Business Administration and Marketing from Adams State College.
Supporting the success of online students who are deaf: Lessons presented at #SWDE2017
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
name: Counselman Carpenter, Elisabeth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Web-based instruction
Deaf students
Education, Higher

description: Guest post for the "Teaching & Learning in Social Work: Exploring Ways to Enhance Life-Long Learning for Professional Practice" blog by Laurel Hitchcock. (2017, June 23). Post available at http://www.laureliversonhitchcock.org/2017/06/23/supporting-the-success-of-online-students-who-are-deaf-lessons-presented-at-swde2017/
Optimal Allocation of Interconnecting Links in Cyber-Physical Systems: Interdependence, Cascading Failures and Robustness
Creators: name: Yagan, Osman
name: Qian, Dajun
name: Zhang, Junshan
name: Cochran, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a cyber-physical system consisting of two interacting networks, i.e., a cyber-network overlaying a physical-network. It is envisioned that these systems are more vulnerable to attacks since node failures in one network may result in (due to the interdependence) failures in the other network, causing a cascade of failures that would potentially lead to the collapse of the entire infrastructure. The robustness of interdependent systems against this sort of catastrophic failure hinges heavily on the allocation of the (interconnecting) links that connect nodes in one network to nodes in the other network. In this paper, we characterize the optimum inter-link allocation strategy against random attacks in the case where the topology of each individual network is unknown. In particular, we analyze the "regular" allocation strategy that allots exactly the same number of bi-directional inter-network links to all nodes in the system. We show, both analytically and experimentally, that this strategy yields better performance (from a network resilience perspective) compared to all possible strategies, including strategies using random allocation, unidirectional inter-links, etc.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. To appear in the Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems on Cyber-Physical Systems, 2012
De-Sitter-spacetime instability from a nonstandard vector field
Creators: name: Emelyanov, V.
name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is found that de-Sitter spacetime, the constant-curvature matter-free solution of the Einstein equations with a positive cosmological constant, becomes classically unstable due to the dynamic effects of a certain type of vector field (fundamentally different from a gauge field). The perturbed de-Sitter universe evolves towards a final exotic singularity. The relevant vector-field configurations violate the strong and dominant energy conditions.
description: 10 pages, v7: published version
title: Sigmoid stenosis caused by diverticulitis versus carcinoma: prospective validation of the sonographic parameters for their differentiation.
Creators: name: PAINEL SEGUEL, ANDRÉS
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Prospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diverticula
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Oncology
subject: Colon
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Diverticular disease and colorectal neoplasm are pathologies that share epidemiological characteristics and risk factors[1]. Both are prevalent diseases in the population[1-4]. Several studies show that the incidence of colorectal cancer after...
Constraint rescaling in refined algebraic quantisation: momentum constraint
Creators: name: Louko, Jorma
name: Martinez-Pascual, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate refined algebraic quantisation within a family of classically equivalent constrained Hamiltonian systems that are related to each other by rescaling a momentum-type constraint. The quantum constraint is implemented by a rigging map that is motivated by group averaging but has a resolution finer than what can be peeled off from the formally divergent contributions to the averaging integral. Three cases emerge, depending on the asymptotics of the rescaling function: (i) quantisation is equivalent to that with identity scaling; (ii) quantisation fails, owing to nonexistence of self-adjoint extensions of the constraint operator; (iii) a quantisation ambiguity arises from the self-adjoint extension of the constraint operator, and the resolution of this purely quantum mechanical ambiguity determines the superselection structure of the physical Hilbert space. Prospects of generalising the analysis to systems with several constraints are discussed.
description: 26 pages. v2: minor clarifications and corrections
Evaluating whole genome sequence data from the Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg and its related non-epileptic strain
Creators: name: Casillas-Espinosa, Pablo M.
name: Powell, Kim L.
name: Zhu, Mingfu
name: Campbell, C. Ryan
name: Maia, Jessica M.
name: Ren, Zhong
name: Jones, Nigel C.
name: O’Brien, Terence J.
name: Petrovski, Slave
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nucleotide sequence
subject: Genomes
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epilepsy
subject: Genomics

description: Objective

The Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) are an inbreed Wistar rat strain widely used as a model of genetic generalised epilepsy with absence seizures. As in humans, the genetic architecture that results in genetic generalized epilepsy in GAERS is poorly understood. Here we present the strain-specific variants found among the epileptic GAERS and their related Non-Epileptic Control (NEC) strain. The GAERS and NEC represent a powerful opportunity to identify neurobiological factors that are associated with the genetic generalised epilepsy phenotype.

Methods

We performed whole genome sequencing on adult epileptic GAERS and adult NEC rats, a strain derived from the same original Wistar colony. We also generated whole genome sequencing on four double-crossed (GAERS with NEC) F2 selected for high-seizing (n = 2) and non-seizing (n = 2) phenotypes.

Results

Specific to the GAERS genome, we identified 1.12 million single nucleotide variants, 296.5K short insertion-deletions, and 354 putative copy number variants that result in complete or partial loss/duplication of 41 genes. Of the GAERS-specific variants that met high quality criteria, 25 are annotated as stop codon gain/loss, 56 as putative essential splice sites, and 56 indels are predicted to result in a frameshift. Subsequent screening against the two F2 progeny sequenced for having the highest and two F2 progeny for having the lowest seizure burden identified only the selected Cacna1h GAERS-private protein-coding variant as exclusively co-segregating with the two high-seizing F2 rats.

Significance

This study highlights an approach for using whole genome sequencing to narrow down to a manageable candidate list of genetic variants in a complex genetic epilepsy animal model, and suggests utility of this sequencing design to investigate other spontaneously occurring animal models of human disease.
Massively parallel computing on an organic molecular layer
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Anirban
name: Pati, Ranjit
name: Sahu, Satyajit
name: Peper, Ferdinand
name: Fujita, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current computers operate at enormous speeds of ~10^13 bits/s, but their principle of sequential logic operation has remained unchanged since the 1950s. Though our brain is much slower on a per-neuron base (~10^3 firings/s), it is capable of remarkable decision-making based on the collective operations of millions of neurons at a time in ever-evolving neural circuitry. Here we use molecular switches to build an assembly where each molecule communicates-like neurons-with many neighbors simultaneously. The assembly's ability to reconfigure itself spontaneously for a new problem allows us to realize conventional computing constructs like logic gates and Voronoi decompositions, as well as to reproduce two natural phenomena: heat diffusion and the mutation of normal cells to cancer cells. This is a shift from the current static computing paradigm of serial bit-processing to a regime in which a large number of bits are processed in parallel in dynamically changing hardware.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Scaling properties of Wilson loops pierced by P-vortices
Creators: name: Dunn, Patrick
name: Greensite, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: P-vortices, in an SU(N) lattice gauge theory, are excitations on the center-projected Z(N) lattice. We study the ratio of expectation values of SU(2) Wilson loops, on the unprojected lattice, linked to a single P-vortex, to that of Wilson loops which are not linked to any P-vortices. When these ratios are plotted versus loop area in physical units, for a range of lattice couplings, it is found that the points fall approximately on a single curve, consistent with scaling. We also find that the ratios are rather insensitive to the point where the minimal area of the loop is pierced by the P-vortex.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Endotypes of difficult-to-control asthma in inner-city African American children
Creators: name: Brown, K. R.
name: Krouse, R. Z.
name: Calatroni, A.
name: Visness, C. M.
name: Sivaprasad, U.
name: Kercsmar, M.
name: Matsui, Elizabeth C.
name: West, J. B.
name: Makhija, M. M.
name: Gill, M. A.
name: Kim, H.
name: Kattan, Meyer
name: Pillai, D.
name: Gern, J. E.
name: Busse, W. W.
name: Togias, A.
name: Liu, A. H.
name: Khurana Hershey, G. K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: African American children
Asthma in children
Cytokines
Pediatrics

description: African Americans have higher rates of asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality in comparison with other racial groups. We sought to characterize endotypes of childhood asthma severity in African American patients in an inner-city pediatric asthma population. Baseline blood neutrophils, blood eosinophils, and 38 serum cytokine levels were measured in a sample of 235 asthmatic children (6–17 years) enrolled in the NIAID (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)-sponsored Asthma Phenotypes in the Inner City (APIC) study (ICAC (Inner City Asthma Consortium)-19). Cytokines were quantified using a MILLIPLEX panel and analyzed on a Luminex analyzer. Patients were classified as Easy-to-Control or Difficult-to-Control based on the required dose of controller medications over one year of prospective management. A multivariate variable selection procedure was used to select cytokines associated with Difficult-to-Control versus Easy-to-Control asthma, adjusting for age, sex, blood eosinophils, and blood neutrophils. In inner-city African American children, 12 cytokines were significant predictors of Difficult-to-Control asthma (n = 235). CXCL-1, IL-5, IL-8, and IL-17A were positively associated with Difficult-to-Control asthma, while IL-4 and IL-13 were positively associated with Easy-to-Control asthma. Using likelihood ratio testing, it was observed that in addition to blood eosinophils and neutrophils, serum cytokines improved the fit of the model. In an inner-city pediatric population, serum cytokines significantly contributed to the definition of Difficult-to-Control asthma endotypes in African American children. Mixed responses characterized by TH2 (IL-5) and TH17-associated cytokines were associated with Difficult-to-Control asthma. Collectively, these data may contribute to risk stratification of Difficult-to-Control asthma in the African American population.
title: MRI evaluation of common extensor tendon in patients with lateral epicondylitis before and after non-operative treatment including platelet-rich plasma local injection and laser therapy
Creators: name: Zabicka, Magdalena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Trauma
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Lateral epicondylitis - so called “ tennis elbow” is a painful overuse or occasionally acute disorder of the elbow joint caused by the extensive contraction movements of the forearm extensor muscles. The majority of cases occur in the 4 th or 5...
High levels of adherence to a rectal microbicide gel and to oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) achieved in MTN-017 among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women
Creators: name: Carballo-Dieguez, Alex
name: Balán, Iván C.
name: Brown III, William
name: Giguere, Rebecca
name: Dolezal, Curtis L.
name: Leu, Cheng Shiun
name: Marzinke, Mark A.
name: Hendrix, Craig W.
name: Piper, Jeanna
name: Richardson, Barbra A.
name: Grossman, Cynthia
name: Johnson, Sherri
name: Gomez, Kailazarid
name: Horn, Stephanie
name: Ayudhya, Ratiya Kunjara Na
name: Patterson, Karen
name: Jacobson, Cindy
name: Bekker, Linda-Gail
name: Chariyalertsak, Suwat
name: Chitwarakorn, Anupong
name: Gonzales, Pedro
name: Holtz, Timothy H.
name: Liu, Albert
name: Mayer, Kenneth H.
name: Zorrilla, Carmen
name: Lama, Javier R.
name: McGowan, Ian
name: Cranston, Ross D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Patient compliance
HIV infections—Prevention
Gay men--Health and hygiene
Transgender people
Public health

description: Trials to assess microbicide safety require strict adherence to prescribed regimens. If adherence is suboptimal, safety cannot be adequately assessed. MTN-017 was a phase 2, randomized sequence, open-label, expanded safety and acceptability crossover study comparing 1) daily oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF), 2) daily use of reduced-glycerin 1% tenofovir (RG-TFV) gel applied rectally, and 3) RG-TFV gel applied before and after receptive anal intercourse (RAI)—if participants had no RAI in a week, they were asked to use two doses of gel within 24 hours. Product use was assessed by mixed methods including unused product return count, text messaging reports, and qualitative plasma TFV pharmacokinetic (PK) results. Convergence interviews engaged participants in determining the most accurate number of doses used based on product count and text messaging reports. Client-centered adherence counseling was also used. Participants (N = 187) were men who have sex with men and transgender women enrolled in the United States (42%), Thailand (29%), Peru (19%) and South Africa (10%). Mean age was 31.4 years (range 18–64 years). Based on convergence interviews, over an 8-week period, 94% of participants had ≥80% adherence to daily tablet, 41% having perfect adherence; 83% had ≥80% adherence to daily gel, 29% having perfect adherence; and 93% had ≥80% adherence to twice-weekly use during the RAI-associated gel regimen, 75% having perfect adherence and 77% having ≥80% adherence to gel use before and after RAI. Only 4.4% of all daily product PK results were undetectable and unexpected (TFV concentrations <0.31 ng/mL) given self-reported product use near sampling date. The mixed methods adherence measurement indicated high adherence to product use in all three regimens. Adherence to RAI-associated rectal gel use was as high as adherence to daily oral PrEP. A rectal microbicide gel, if efficacious, could be an alternative for individuals uninterested in daily oral PrEP.
Wood pellet applications
Creators: name: Davis, Rob
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008
Subjects: pellets
biomass electricity
biomass heating
forest energy

description: Presented at the Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado conference, February 21, 2008, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
description: Rob Davis is Founder and President of Forest Energy Corporation in Show Low, Arizona, and has been serving Colorado with pellet fuel for 15 years. He is also a partner in Future Forest, who is performing the first and only large, long-term USFS stewardship contract, the White Mountain Stewardship Project, which covers 150,000 acres and has been a success due to the many prior years and ongoing collaboration with all stakeholders. Forest Energy was the first company in North America to utilize residues from forest thinning projects as pellet raw material. He is a past president of the Pellet Fuel Institute, has served previously on a number of renewable energy committees, and he is a newly appointed member of Governor Ritter's Colorado Forest Health Advisory Council. He holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of New Mexico.
Two novel transporters essential for the reassimilation of cholic acid metabolites excreted by Rhodococcus jostii RHA1
Creators: name: Swain, Kendra Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this study, I investigated two novel transporters associated with cholic acid catabolism in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. Reverse-transcriptase quantitative-PCR indicated that an ABC transporter was upregulated 16.7-fold and an MFS transporter was upregulated 174-fold during the exponential phase of growth on cholic acid compared to pyruvate. With gene knockout analysis, I discovered that these transporters are required for the reassimilation of distinct cholic acid metabolites. The ABC transporter, encoded by the camABCD genes, was essential for uptake of 12-hydroxy-9-oxo-1,2,3,4,10,19,23,24-octanorcholan-5,22-dioic acid and 12-hydroxy-9-oxo-1,2,3,4,10,19,23,24-octanorchol-6-en-5,22-dioic acid. The MFS transporter, encoded by the camM gene, was essential for uptake of 3,7,12-trihydroxy-9-oxo-9,10-seco-23,24-bisnorchola-1,3,5(10)-trien-22-oic acid. The uptake of these metabolites is necessary for maximal growth on cholic acid: the ΔcamB mutant, lacking the permease component of the ABC transporter, and the ΔcamM mutant, lacking the MFS transporter, only achieved 74% and 77%, respectively, of the final wild type protein yield. These metabolites differ from previously reported cholic acid metabolites from Proteobacteria in that they retain an isopropionyl side chain at the C17 position. This study is the first to demonstrate the function of putative cholic acid genes through targeted mutagenesis, as well as the first to provide evidence for the requirement for transporters involved in cholic acid metabolite uptake. This work highlights the importance and complexity of transport processes associated with bacterial catabolism and may contribute to industrial applications involving bacterial steroid transformation.
The role of final-state interactions in Dalitz plot studies
Creators: name: Kubis, Bastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dalitz plot studies for multi-hadron decays of heavy mesons are expected to become very important tools for precision investigations of CP violation. A thorough understanding of the hadronic final-state interactions is a prerequisite to achieve a highly sensitive, model-independent study of CP-violating phases in such processes. We illustrate the theoretical tools available, as well as still to be developed, from low-to-medium-energy hadron physics for this purpose, and the goals of the informal "Les Nabis" network studying these and related problems.
description: Invited talk at the XIV International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy (hadron2011), 13-17 June 2011, Munich, Germany; 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Hepatocellular MR contrast agents: enhancement characteristics of cirrhotic liver parenchyma after administration of gadoxetic acid in comparison to gadobenate dimeglumine
Creators: name: Gozzo, Cecilia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Abdomen
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The adequacy of Portal Venous Phase (PVP) on contrast-enhanced CT and MR imaging studies, is crucial for the evaluation of hepatic enhancement and detection of focal liver lesions [1]. According to EASL guidelines and LI-RADS, washout detected on...
Additional file 11 of Human induced-T-to-natural killer cells have potent anti-tumour activities
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhiwu
name: Qin, Le
name: Tang, Yuou
name: Liao, Rui
name: Shi, Jingxuan
name: He, Bingjia
name: Li, Shanglin
name: Zheng, Diwei
name: Cui, Yuanbin
name: Wu, Qiting
name: Long, Youguo
name: Yao, Yao
name: Wei, Zhihui
name: Hong, Qilan
name: Wu, Yi
name: Mai, Yuanbang
name: Gou, Shixue
name: Li, Xiaoping
name: Weinkove, Robert
name: Norton, Sam
name: Luo, Wei
name: Feng, Weineng
name: Zhou, Hongsheng
name: Liu, Qifa
name: Chen, Jiekai
name: Lai, Liangxue
name: Chen, Xinwen
name: Pei, Duanqing
name: Graf, Thomas
name: Liu, Xingguo
name: Li, Yangqiu
name: Liu, Pentao
name: Zhang, Zhenfeng
name: Li, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 11: Figure S1. Inactivating BCL11B in human T cells by CRISPR/Cas9. Figure S2. ITNKs are derived from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Figure S3. ITNKs are derived from different T cell subsets. Figure S4. Immunophenotypic characteristics of ITNKs using CyTOF. Figure S5. Evaluating antitumor effects of ITNKs. Figure S6. Evaluating antitumor effects of CAR-ITNK cells. Figure S7. Evaluating kinetics and safety of clinical-grade ITNKs. Figure S8. Clinical trial protocol schematic. Figure S9. CONSORT statement/diagram. Figure S10. Immunohistochemistry staining of tumor tissues from patients. Figure S11. Clinical characteristics of patients treated with ITNK cells.
APOE ε4-TOMM40 ‘523 haplotypes and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in older Caucasian and African Americans
Creators: name: Yu, Lei
name: Lutz, Michael W.
name: Wilson, Robert S.
name: Burns, Daniel K.
name: Roses, Allen D.
name: Saunders, Ann M.
name: Yang, Jingyun
name: Gaiteri, Chris
name: De Jager, Philip Lawrence
name: Barnes, Lisa L.
name: Bennett, David A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Alzheimer's disease
Dementia
African Americans--Health and hygiene
Neurology

description: Patterns of linkage between the ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and ‘523 poly-T alleles in the adjacent gene, TOMM40, differ between Caucasian and African Americans. The extent to which this difference affects the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unclear. We compared the APOE ε4-TOMM40 ‘523 haplotypes between older Caucasian and African Americans, and examined their relationship with AD dementia. Data came from three community based cohort studies of diverse participants. APOE genotypes were determined by polymorphisms of rs429358 and rs7412. TOMM40 ‘523 genotypes were defined by the poly-T repeat length of rs10524523 (short [‘523-S]: poly-T ≤ 19, long [‘523-L]: 20 ≤ poly-T ≤ 29, and very long [‘523-VL]: poly-T ≥ 30). Cox proportional hazards models examined the effect of haplotype variation on the risk of incident AD dementia. A total of 1,848 Caucasian and 540 African American individuals were included in the study. In Caucasians, nearly none (0.8%) of the non-ε4 carriers and almost all (94.2%) of the ε4 carriers had ‘523-L. The classification was highly concordant. Each ε4 allele doubled the risk for AD dementia and the dose effect was evident. Almost identical effect size and effect pattern were observed for TOMM40 ‘523-L. In African Americans, nearly none (1.1%) of the non-ε4 carriers had ‘523-L, but only 47.8% of the ε4 carriers had ‘523-L. The concordance was weaker compared with Caucasians. The effect patterns on incident AD dementia differed distinctively between ε4 and ‘523-L carriers. Further, both genotypic and allelic data support that among African Americans the ε4-‘523-L haplotype had stronger effect on risk of AD dementia than other ε4-‘523 haplotypes.
Investigation of micro milling processes
Creators: name: Malekian, Mohammad
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 176-188
description: Micro mechanical machining is conceived by many as the most versatile method of fabricating miniaturized components in complex three-dimensional shapes from a variety of engineering materials. Although this method has several advantages, such as simplicity and flexibility, compared to photolithographic based methods of micro fabrications, it still faces several challenges. The mechanism of material removal in the micro scale is different from that of conventional macro machining, due to various aspects of material behaviour, such as the presence of a critical chip thickness, elastic recovery, ploughing and size effects, resulting in increased cutting forces and limited productivity. Furthermore, micro tools are small and fragile and can be easily worn and subject to catastrophic failures due to excessive forces and vibrations. Therefore, the prediction and measurement of the cutting forces, as well as monitoring of the micro tool and machining conditions, are imperative. This research is aimed at the modelling of the material removal in micro mechanical machining, especially for micro milling operations. Micro scratch and orthogonal cutting tests are employed to obtain fundamental material behaviour, investigate size effect and identify parameters, such as the elastic recovery, flow stress and friction coefficient. A novel formulation for the critical chip thickness is suggested and experimentally verified. The identified parameters are used in a new mechanistic cutting force model developed for micro milling operations that considers the effects of critical chip thickness, elastic recovery, ploughing forces, tool dynamics and tool run-out. The tool tip dynamics are indirectly obtained using the receptance coupling method. The cutting and ploughing constants for the mechanistic force model are identified from the experimental cutting data, which are measured using a table dynamometer. The expanded Kalman Filter method is employed to compensate for unwanted dynamics of the table dynamometer for accurate measurement of high-speed micro milling forces. A tool wear monitoring scheme that fuses the signals from various sensors, such as a force sensor, accelerometers and an acoustic emission sensor, through a neuro-fuzzy algorithm is utilized to increase the frequency bandwidth of measurement and effectively monitor the tool conditions. The effectiveness of fusing different sensors for monitoring is investigated. This research is important for various micro machining operations in the selection of the optimal machining parameters, in order to obtain the desired productivity and surface quality while maintaining the longevity of micro tools.
Management of Data Replication for PC Cluster-based Cloud Storage System
Creators: name: Myint, Julia
name: Naing, Thinn Thu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Storage systems are essential building blocks for cloud computing infrastructures. Although high performance storage servers are the ultimate solution for cloud storage, the implementation of inexpensive storage system remains an open issue. To address this problem, the efficient cloud storage system is implemented with inexpensive and commodity computer nodes that are organized into PC cluster based datacenter. Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) is an open source cloud based storage platform and designed to be deployed in low-cost hardware. PC Cluster based Cloud Storage System is implemented with HDFS by enhancing replication management scheme. Data objects are distributed and replicated in a cluster of commodity nodes located in the cloud. This system provides optimum replica number as well as weighting and balancing among the storage server nodes. The experimental results show that storage can be balanced depending on the available disk space, expected availability and failure probability of each node in PC cluster.
Prospects for the commercialization of cellulosic ethanol from forest biomass
Creators: name: Schafer, Bill
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008
Subjects: Range Fuels, Inc.
cellulosic ethanol
biomass conversion
cellulosic plant

description: Presented at the Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado conference, February 21, 2008, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
description: Bill Schafer is the Senior Vice President of Business Development for Range Fuels. Bill most recently managed a start-up that developed a high-tech coal mining system designed to address environmental and operational shortcomings of existing Appalachian coal mining methods. He has extensive experience in production, purchasing, and marketing in several areas of the energy industry. His experience in the coal and power industries provides excellent training for some of the critical issues involved in biomass ethanol production, such as: location optimization for feedstock and market access; competitive assessments focused on materials handling, operations costs, and product transportation options; risk management strategies through real options analysis; and long-term project investment analysis for capital-intensive industries selling into a commodity market. Bill received his BS in mining engineering from the Colorado School of Mines and is a licensed Professional Engineer.
Reflecting Aboriginality : informing the development of a terminology guide for journalists
Creators: name: Michielin, Jessica Brianne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study draws upon qualitative interviews with journalists working within organizations that are members of the Strategic Alliance of Broadcasters for Aboriginal Reflection (SABAR), including, but not limited to, Aboriginal Peoples Television Network, CBC Television, and OMNI Diversity Television. This study finds that a terminology guide for Aboriginal reporting is a necessary and long overdue journalistic resource. This thesis also finds that an online guide is the most accessible method of delivery for journalists. The study’s third key finding provides an indication of what journalists think SABAR’s guide should contain in order to improve coverage of Aboriginal communities. Thus, SABAR’s guide is important because it will offer journalists a way to be more accurate in their portrayals of Aboriginal people. SABAR’s guide represents a significant—and unprecedented—step toward informing accuracy in Aboriginal reporting.
Methods to estimate underlying blood pressure: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, Poojitha
name: Beaty, Terri
name: Young, J. Hunter
name: Colantuoni, Elizabeth
name: Matsushita, Kunihiro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Atherosclerosis--Risk factors
Blood pressure
Hypotensive agents
Epidemiology
Environmental health

description: Antihypertensive medications complicate studies of blood pressure (BP) natural history; BP if untreated (“underlying BP”) needs to be estimated. Our objectives were to compare validity of five missing data imputation methods to estimate underlying BP and longitudinal associations of underlying BP and age. We simulated BP treatment in untreated hypertensive participants from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) in visits 1–5 (1987–2013) using matched treated hypertensive participants. The underlying BP was imputed: #1, set as missing; #2, add 10 mmHg for systolic, 5 mmHg for diastolic; #3, add medication class-specific constant; #4, truncated normal regression; and #5, truncated normal regression including prior visit data. Longitudinal associations were estimated using linear mixed models of imputed underlying BP for simulated treated and measured BP for untreated participants. Method 3 was the best-performing for systolic BP; lowest relative bias (5.3% for intercept at age 50, 0% for age coefficient) and average deviation from expected (0.04 to -1.79). Method 2 performed best for diastolic BP; lowest relative bias (0.6% intercept at age 50, 33.3% age <60, 9.1% age 60+) and average deviation (-1.25 to -1.68). Methods 4 and 5 were comparable or slightly inferior. In conclusion, constant addition methods yielded valid and precise underlying BP and longitudinal associations.
Effects of nanoparticles and surfactant on droplets in shear flow
Creators: name: Frijters, Stefan
name: Günther, Florian
name: Harting, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present three-dimensional numerical simulations, employing the well-established lattice Boltzmann method, and investigate similarities and differences between surfactants and nanoparticles as additives at a fluid-fluid interface. We report on their respective effects on the surface tension of such an interface. Next, we subject a fluid droplet to shear and explore the deformation properties of the droplet, its inclination angle relative to the shear flow, the dynamics of the particles at the interface, and the possibility of breakup. Particles are seen not to affect the surface tension of the interface, although they do change the overall interfacial free energy. The particles do not remain homogeneously distributed over the interface, but form clusters in preferred regions that are stable for as long as the shear is applied. However, although the overall structure remains stable, individual nanoparticles roam the droplet interface, with a frequency of revolution that is highest in the middle of the droplet interface, normal to the shear flow, and increases with capillary number. We recover Taylor's law for small deformation of droplets when surfactant or particles are added to the droplet interface. The effect of surfactant is captured in the capillary number, but the inertia of adsorbed massive particles increases deformation at higher capillary number and eventually leads to easier breakup of the droplet.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures. The figure quality was reduced to fulfill arXiv's file size restrictions
HIV seroprevalence among homeless patients admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit
Creators: name: Empfield, Maureen
name: Cournos, Francine
name: Meyer, Ilan
name: McKinnon, Karen M.
name: Horwath, Ewald
name: Silver, Michael
name: Schrage, Howell
name: Herman, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Psychiatry
Mentally ill homeless persons
Homeless persons--Medical care
HIV infections

description: OBJECTIVE:
This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of HIV-1 antibodies among hospitalized homeless mentally ill patients.
METHOD:
From December 1989 through May 1991 the authors collected discard blood samples from patients consecutively admitted to a psychiatric unit designated for the care of severely mentally ill persons removed from the streets of New York City. The blood samples were tested for HIV-1 antibodies, and the results were analyzed for associations with age, gender, ethnicity, male homosexual activity, and use of injected drugs.
RESULTS:
The HIV seroprevalence was 6.4% (13 of 203 samples). Patients between ages 18 and 39 accounted for 51.2% of the admissions and 84.6% of the 13 positive results, a seroprevalence of 10.6% for this subsample. Patients under age 40 were more than six times as likely to test positive for HIV antibodies as those 40 or over. Ethnicity did not predict seropositivity. Women were as likely as men to be infected. Although clinicians had noted high-risk behavior on the charts for only three (23.1%) of the 13 positive cases, a recorded history of use of injected drugs was associated with a 6.5-fold greater risk of HIV seropositivity.
CONCLUSIONS:
One in every 16 patients admitted to the special unit was HIV positive. Age under 40 and use of injected drugs were strongly associated with seropositivity. Because information on high-risk behavior was infrequent, the reasons for younger patients' greater risk are unclear. The homeless mentally ill require outreach efforts to reduce the risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV.
The Complete KLT-Map Between Gravity and Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Damgaard, Poul H.
name: Huang, Rijun
name: Sondergaard, Thomas
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete map of any pair of super Yang-Mills theories to supergravity theories as dictated by the KLT relations in four dimensions. Symmetries and the full set of associated vanishing identities are derived. A graphical method is introduced which simplifies counting of states, and helps in identifying the relevant set of symmetries.
description: 41 pages, 16 figures, published version, typos corrected, references added