Andrena (Margandrena) cilicia Wood 2023, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Wood, Thomas James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Andrena
Andrena cilicia

description: Andrena (Margandrena) cilicia spec. nov.   
 HOLOTYPE: TURKEY: Icel, 15 km E Çamlıyayla, 800 m, st. 793, 11.x.1991, 1♀, leg. H. v. Oorschot, H. Wiering & R. Koolbergen, RMNH.   
 PARATYPES: TURKEY: Same information as holotype, 1♁, 1♀, RMNH.   
 Description: Female: Body length: 9–10 mm (Figure 16A). Head: Black, 1.4 times wider than long (Figure 16C). Clypeus domed, flattened on the disc, irregularly punctate with mixture of large and small punctures, punctures separated by 0.5–2 puncture diameters; underlying surface largely smooth and shining, weakly shagreened dorsally. Process of labrum broad, broadly trapezoidal with rounded corners, 3 times wider than long. Gena equalling width of compound eye, densely punctate with small punctures, punctures separated by 0.5 puncture diameters; ocelloccipital distance subequal to 2 times diameter of lateral ocellus. Foveae moderate, parallel sided, occupying half distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye, filled with yellowish hairs. Gena, vertex, face, and scape with goldenbrown hairs, not exceeding half length of scape. Antennae dark, A4+5 slightly lightened orange basally, A3 = A4+5. Mesosoma: Scutum densely punctuate over majority of area, punctures generally separated by 0.5–1 puncture diameter, confluent anteriorly, becoming sparse medially where punctures separated at most by 4 puncture diameters, underlying surface smooth and shining. Scutellum laterally densely punctate, punctures becoming sparser medially, underlying surface smooth and shining. Pronotum with weak humeral angle, inconspicuous, pronotum otherwise with longitudinal striations. Mesepisternum with fine pattern of raised honeycomb-like rugosity; propodeal triangle clearly delineated laterally with raised carinae, internal surface with network of raised carinae in basal two thirds, becoming weaker and less strongly raised apically. Mesepisternum, propodeum, scutum, and scutellum with goldenbrown hairs, propodeal corbicula well-formed dorsally by long, plumose golden hairs, lateral face of propodeum with sparse, long, simple golden hairs. Legs dark, apical tarsal segments lightened reddish-brown, pubescence golden-brown, scopa golden. Femoral and tibial scopa with many densely plumose hairs, particularly ventrally (Figure 16B). Hind tarsal claws with strong inner tooth. Wings hyaline, stigma and venation dark brown, nervulus postfurcal. Metasoma: Terga extensively marked with red: marginal area of T1, entirety of T2(3), T3–4 laterally and apically, remaining areas dark (Figure 16E). Tergal discs and marginal areas with extremely dense punctures, punctures almost confluent, separated by <0.5 puncture diameters; underlying surface finely shagreened, weakly shining. T1 laterally, T2–4 with dense apical bands of golden-yellow hairs, obscuring underlying surface. Apical fringe of T5 and hairs flanking pygidial plate golden, pygidial plate flattened, evenly rounded, medially densely punctate.   
 Male: Body length: 8 mm (Figure 17A). Head: 1.5 times wider than long (Figure 17B). Clypeus broad, apical margin weakly upturned; apical half with scattered shallow punctures, punctures separated by 2–3 puncture diameters, underlying surface smooth and shining, basal half densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5 puncture diameters. Process of labrum forming an anteriorly projecting shelf (Figure 17C), laterally with two rounded knobs, medially with projecting lip with strong median emargination, ventral surface impunctate, smooth and shining. Gena strongly broadened, 1.3 times width of compound eye, laterally and dorsally with strongly produced winged carina (Figures 17D–E); ocelloccipital distance slightly exceeds 2 times diameter of lateral ocellus. Gena, vertex, face, and scape with white hairs, none exceeding half length of scape. Antennae basally dark, A3 apically, A4–13 lightened reddish-orange ventrally. A3 slightly exceeding A4, much shorter than A4+5. Mesosoma: Mesosoma structurally as in female; mesepisternum and propodeum with long whitish to whitish-brown hairs, longest equalling length of scape; scutum and scutellum with shorter yellowish-brown hairs. Legs and wings as in female. Metasoma: Terga extensively marked with red: disc and marginal area of T1 and entirety of T2–3, remaining areas dark. Tergal discs and marginal areas with extremely dense punctures (Figure 17G), punctures almost confluent, separated by <0.5 puncture diameters; underlying surface finely shagreened, weakly shining. T2 laterally, T3–5 with weak apical hairbands of whitish hairs, not obscuring underlying surface. Genital capsule simple, gonocoxae with inner margin rounded, lacking teeth, gonostyli narrowed basally, evenly broadening apically to twice basal width; penis valves moderately broadened basally, narrowing immediately, parallel sided for majority of length (Figure 17H).   
 Diagnosis: Andrena cilicia can be placed into the difficult Margandrena - Chrysandrena - Euandrena group (clade 32 in Pisanty et al. 2022b) due to the small body size, dorsally narrow foveae, plumose hairs of the tibial scopae (Figure 16B), and pronotum with humeral angle (more pronounced in the male sex). It is closest to Andrena pellucens Pérez, 1895 due to the extensively red-marked terga (Figures 16E, 17G), ventrally plumose tibial scopae, and the dark male clypeus (Figure 17B). This places it in the subgenus Margandrena. Despite the classification problems in this part of the Andrena phylogeny, it is unlikely to fall elsewhere; the foveae are not narrowed ventrally (Euandrena and Chrysandrena) and the male penis valves lack laterally projecting extensions (most members of the crocusella -group).   
 Andrena cilicia can be separated from A. pellucens in the female sex by the much stronger and denser tergal punctation (Figure 16E), punctures almost confluent, on T1 separated by <0.5 puncture diameters (in A. pellucens tergal punctures more scattered, on T1 separated by 1 puncture diameter, Figure 16F), by the smooth and shining integument of the scutum (scutum finely shagreened and weakly shining), and by the irregular punctation of the clypeus (Figure 16C), with both large and small punctures present, position irregular, separated by 0.5–2 puncture diameters (clypeus with only large punctures, separated by 1 puncture diameter in A. pellucens, Figure 16D). Males can also be separated by the same tergal punctation character (Figure 17G), but also by the structure of the gena which is broadened and conspicuously carinate (Figure 17E) with a raised, somewhat winged carina laterally and dorsally (gena broadened but evenly rounded in A. pellucens, not carinate, Figure 17F).   
 In addition, A. pellucens is known only from Europe, from Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, and Greece (Gusenleitner & Schwarz 2002; Standfuss & Standfuss 2010). The two taxa therefore do not appear to occur in sympatry.   
 Etymology: The name comes from the classical geographical region of Cilicia that is now part of modern day Turkey. It extends roughly from Pamphylia to the Nur mountains, encompassing the locus typicus. It is a noun in apposition.   
 Distribution: South-western Turkey.   
 Comparative material examined. Andrena pellucens: FRANCE: Var, Grimaud, 16–22.x.1989, 2♀, leg. M.J. Gijswijt, RMNH; ITALY: Aurunci Mts., Formia, O. Quercia, NHMUK; Lazio, Roma, Via del la Falcognana, 18.x.1990, 4♀, leg. G.G.M. Schulten, RMNH; SPAIN: Barcelona, 1♀, MNHN (lectotype of A. pellucens).
description: Published as part of Wood, Thomas James, 2023, New Old World Andrena species, with a focus on Turkey (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5266 (1) on pages 31-34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5266.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7840582