cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complexity for link complement States in Chern Simons Theory
Creators: name: Leigh, Robert G.
name: Pai, Pin-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study notions of complexity for link complement states in Chern Simons theory with compact gauge group $G$. Such states are obtained by the Euclidean path integral on the complement of $n$-component links inside a 3-manifold $M_3$. For the Abelian theory at level $k$ we find that a natural set of fundamental gates exists and one can identify the complexity as differences of linking numbers modulo $k$. Such linking numbers can be viewed as coordinates which embeds all link complement states into $\mathbb{Z}_k ^{\otimes n(n-1)/2}$ and the complexity is identified as the distance with respect to a particular norm. For non-Abelian Chern Simons theories, the situation is much more complicated. We focus here on torus link states and show that the problem can be reduced to defining complexity for a single knot complement state. We suggest a systematic way to choose a set of minimal universal generators for single knot complement states and then evaluate the complexity using such generators. A detailed illustration is shown for $SU(2)_k$ Chern Simons theory and the results can be extended to general compact gauge group.
Acupuncture decreases dendritic arborization and dendritic spine density in basolateral amygdala in social isolated rats
Creators: name: Dávila-Hernández, Amalia
name: Ángel-Muñoz, Martín Del
name: Zamudio, Sergio Roberto
name: González-González, Roberto
name: Campos-Rodríguez, Carolina
name: Juan, Eduardo Ramírez-San
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders; it displays high rates of lifetime prevalence, early age of onset, high chronicity, and social role impairment, and is characterized by a depressed mood and anhedonia. It is associated to neuromorphological changes in some structures, such as: hipoccampus and amygdala related to severity of symptoms. Due the importance of depression and undesirable effects of conventional treatment, is necessary to use complementary therapies such as acupuncture, a non-pharmacological treatment, simple procedure and, without adverse effects, which has demonstrated clinical efficacy in depression, and using embedding thread in acupoints can be a prolonged stimulus for at least three weeks.

Objective: to evaluate the effect of embedding thread in acupoints on pyramidal neurons morphology in the basolateral amygdala of social isolated rats (a depression model).

Conclusions: 1. Social isolation in rats induces dendritic morphology changes in basolateral amygdala, similar to those that have been observed in patients with first episode of depression. 2. Embedded thread in acupoints reversed the neuromorphological effects of social isolation.
Additional file 1 of Human health and ecology at risk: a case study of metal pollution in Lahore, Pakistan
Creators: name: Iqbal, Hafiza Hira
name: Siddique, Ayesha
name: Qadir, Abdul
name: Ahmad, Sajid Rashid
name: Liess, Matthias
name: Shahid, Naeem
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detail of sampling locations with respect to water resource, site ID, sampling date and coordinates. Table S2. Physicochemical properties of the water samples collected from groundwater, canals, river Ravi, drains, and respective National Environmental Quality Standards. Table S3. Parameters used for the calculation of Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) through oral and dermal exposures are enlisted in the table. Values are presented with units and references. Table S4. Reference values of EC50/LC50 (μg/L) for algae, fish and crustaceans used for the calculation of Toxic Units (TU). Table S5. Descriptive summary of the metal concentration (μg/L) in water bodies. Table S6. Hazard quotients and Health Risk Index: Oral Hazard Quotients (HQoral) and Oral Health Index (HRIoral) are presented only for groundwater samples, as other water resources are not commonly used for drinking. Dermal Hazard Quotient (HQdermal) and Dermal Health Index (HRIdermal) are presented for all water samples collected from grounderwater, canals, river and drains. Data is presented in the form of minimum (Min.), maximum (Max.), average (Mean) and standard deviation. Table S7. Ecological risk of metal contamination based on the toxic unit (TU) is presented for three trophic levels: algae, fish and crustaceans. Toxic Units (TU) are given for each metal, and for the total toxicity of all metals detected at each site (TUsum). For illustration purposes, log-transformation was performed. Table S8. Risk Quotients: Risk Quotients (RQ) and sum of the Risk Quotients (RQsum) are presented for all water samples collected from grounder water, canals, river and drains. Data is presented in the form of minimum (Min.), maximum (Max.), average (Mean) and standard deviation. Figure S1. Principal component analysis of heavy metals: Each vector in the plot represents a variable, and the direction and length of the vector indicate the contribution and correlation of each variable to the top two principal components.
Melanoxanthus melanocephalus
Creators: name: Van Zwaluwenburg, R. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Melanoxanthus
Melanoxanthus melanocephalus

description: 5.Melanoxanthus melanocephalus (Fabricius). Elater melanocephalus Fabricius, Spec. Ins. 1: 272, 1781. A single specimen was taken by Swezey in a house in Piti, Sept. 9, 1936. It occurs throughout the Pacific area, and westward to the islands of the Indian Ocean.
description: Published as part of Van Zwaluwenburg, R. H., 1942, Elaterid And Eucnemid Beetles Of Guam, pp. 53-55 in Insects of Guam I, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5159555
Agriculture’s contribution to rural viability: An approach to estimate regional economic impacts of agricultural policy in Swiss case study regions
Creators: name: Kopainsky, Birgit
name: Flury, Christian
name: Giuliani, Gianluca
name: Kopainsky, Birgit
name: Flury, Christian
name: Giuliani, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: rural viability
subject: employment
subject: added value
subject: agricultural production
subject: input requirements
subject: farm household expenditures
subject: agricultural and rural policy

description: This paper develops a thorough yet easily implementable approach to measuring agriculture’s contribution to rural viability. The approach is based on input-output modelling. It adopts a number of concepts from input-output modelling such as determining the explicit geographical origin of input requirements and the geographical destination of farm household expenditures without formerly developing an input-output table. The approach is applied to four case studies in the Swiss mountain regions and tested for three scenarios. Our results clarify the role that agriculture still plays in the context of rural viability. They demonstrate that agriculture’s contribution to rural viability differs considerably between the case study regions and that future developments lead to a marked decline in this contribution. Rural development strategies have to take these specific regional characteristics and development perspectives into account. Keywords: This paper develops a thorough yet easily implementable approach to measuring agriculture’s contribution to rural viability. The approach is based on input-output modelling. It adopts a number of concepts from input-output modelling such as determining the explicit geographical origin of input requirements and the geographical destination of farm household expenditures without formerly developing an input-output table. The approach is applied to four case studies in the Swiss mountain regions and tested for three scenarios. Our results clarify the role that agriculture still plays in the context of rural viability. They demonstrate that agriculture’s contribution to rural viability differs considerably between the case study regions and that future developments lead to a marked decline in this contribution. Rural development strategies have to take these specific regional characteristics and development perspectives into account.
Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – risk carriers in focus
Creators: name: Schaldecker, Christina
name: Madinger, Melanie
name: Böhm, Sarah
name: Prudlo, Johannes
name: Ludolph, Albert
name: Weydt, Patrick
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: What motivates first-degree relatives to participate in a preclinical study and how is the study process perceived?
Structure of penetrable-rod fluids: Exact properties and comparison between Monte Carlo simulations and two analytic theories
Creators: name: Malijevsky, Alexandr
name: Santos, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bounded potentials are good models to represent the effective two-body interaction in some colloidal systems, such as dilute solutions of polymer chains in good solvents. The simplest bounded potential is that of penetrable spheres, which takes a positive finite value if the two spheres are overlapped, being 0 otherwise. Even in the one-dimensional case, the penetrable-rod model is far from trivial, since interactions are not restricted to nearest neighbors and so its exact solution is not known. In this paper we first derive the exact correlation functions of penetrable-rod fluids to second order in density at any temperature, as well as in the high-temperature and zero-temperature limits at any density. Next, two simple analytic theories are constructed: a high-temperature approximation based on the exact asymptotic behavior in the limit $T\to\infty$ and a low-temperature approximation inspired by the exact result in the opposite limit $T\to 0$. Finally, we perform Monte Carlo simulations for a wide range of temperatures and densities to assess the validity of both theories. It is found that they complement each other quite well, exhibiting a good agreement with the simulation data within their respective domains of applicability and becoming practically equivalent on the borderline of those domains. A perspective on the extension of both approaches to the more realistic three-dimensional case is provided.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables: v2: minor changes; published final version
Tensor Perturbations and Thick Branes in Higher-dimensional $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Cui, Zheng-Quan
name: Lin, Zi-Chao
name: Wan, Jun-Jie
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
name: Zhao, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study brane worlds in an anisotropic higher-dimensional spacetime within the context of $f(R)$ gravity. Firstly, we demonstrate that this spacetime with a concrete metric ansatz is stable against linear tensor perturbations under certain conditions. Moreover, the Kaluza-Klein modes of the graviton are analyzed. Secondly, we investigate thick brane solutions in six dimensions and their properties. We further exhibit two sets of solutions for thick branes. At last, the effective potential of the Kaluza-Klein modes of the graviton is discussed for the two solved $f(R)$ models in higher dimensions.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures; Sec IV updated; Appendix C added; minor other changes made; matches the published version
First exit times and residence times for discrete random walks on finite lattices
Creators: name: Condamin, S.
name: Benichou, O.
name: Moreau, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we derive explicit formulas for the surface averaged first exit time of a discrete random walk on a finite lattice. We consider a wide class of random walks and lattices, including random walks in a non-trivial potential landscape. We also compute quantities of interest for modelling surface reactions and other dynamic processes, such as the residence time in a subvolume, the joint residence time of several particles and the number of hits on a reflecting surface.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Transcription of housecleaning story
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-190518-07a/c/e: transcription of housecleaning story, file VP-080216-04, from 3:42 to end of file.
Long-wavelength spin- and spin-isospin correlations in nucleon matter
Creators: name: Lykasov, G. I.
name: Olsson, E.
name: Pethick, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the long-wavelength response of a normal Fermi liquid using Landau theory. We consider contributions from intermediate states containing one additional quasiparticle-quasihole pair as well as those from states containing two or more additional quasiparticle-quasihole pairs. For the response of an operator corresponding to a conserved quantity, we show that the behavior of matrix elements to states with more than one additional quasiparticle-quasihole pair at low excitation energies $ω$ varies as $1/ω$. It is shown how rates of processes involving transitions to two quasiparticle-quasihole states may be calculated in terms of the collision integral in the Landau transport equation for quasiparticles.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Geodesic motion on $\mathsf{SL}(n)$ with the Hilbert-Schmidt metric
Creators: name: Rosevear, Audrey
name: Sottile, Samuel
name: Wong, Willie WY
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C22 (Primary), 53A07, 53Z05, 53C25 (Secondary)

description: We study the geometry of geodesics on $\mathsf{SL}(n)$, equipped with the Hilbert-Schmidt metric which makes it a Riemannian manifold. These geodesics are known to be related to affine motions of incompressible ideal fluids. The $n = 2$ case is special and completely integrable, and the geodesic motion was completely described by Roberts, Shkoller, and Sideris; when $n = 3$, Sideris demonstrated some interesting features of the dynamics and analyzed several classes of explicit solutions. Our analysis shows that the geodesics in higher dimensions exhibit much more complex dynamics. We generalize the Virial-identity-based criterion of unboundedness of geodesic given by Sideris, and use it to give an alternative proof of the classification of geodesics in 2D obtained by Roberts--Shkoller--Sideris. We study several explicit families of solutions in general dimensions that generalize those found by Sideris in 3D. We additionally classify all "exponential type" geodesics, and use it to demonstrate the existence of purely rotational solutions whenever $n$ is even. Finally, we study "block diagonal" solutions using a new formulation of the geodesic equation in first order form, that isolates the conserved angular momenta. This reveals the existence of a rich family of bounded geodesic motions in even dimension $n \geq 4$. This in particular allows us to conclude that the generalization of the swirling and shear flows of Sideris to even dimensions $n \geq 4$ are in fact dynamically unstable.
description: 3 figures; report from SURIEM 2020 Summer REU program. v2: journal accepted manuscript
The detection of Class I methanol masers towards regions of low-mass star formation
Creators: name: Kalenskii, S. V.
name: Promyslov, V. G.
name: Slysh, V. I.
name: Bergman, P.
name: Winnberg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Six young bipolar outflows in regions of low-to-intermediate-mass star formation were observed in the 7_0-6_1A+, 8_0-7_1A+, and 5_{-1}-4_0E methanol lines at 44, 95, and 84 GHz, respectively. Narrow features were detected towards NGC 1333IRAS4A, HH 25MMS, and L1157 B1. Flux densities of the detected lines are no higher than 11 Jy, which is much lower than the flux densities of strong maser lines in regions of high-mass star formation. Analysis shows that most likely the narrow features are masers.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Astronomy Reports
CNN-Based Ultrasound Image Reconstruction for Ultrafast Displacement Tracking
Creators: name: Perdios, Dimitris
name: Vonlanthen, Manuel
name: Martinez, Florian
name: Arditi, Marcel
name: Thiran, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Thanks to its capability of acquiring full-view frames at multiple kilohertz, ultrafast ultrasound imaging unlocked the analysis of rapidly changing physical phenomena in the human body, with pioneering applications such as ultrasensitive flow imaging in the cardiovascular system or shear-wave elastography. The accuracy achievable with these motion estimation techniques is strongly contingent upon two contradictory requirements: a high quality of consecutive frames and a high frame rate. Indeed, the image quality can usually be improved by increasing the number of steered ultrafast acquisitions, but at the expense of a reduced frame rate and possible motion artifacts. To achieve accurate motion estimation at uncompromised frame rates and immune to motion artifacts, the proposed approach relies on single ultrafast acquisitions to reconstruct high-quality frames and on only two consecutive frames to obtain 2-D displacement estimates. To this end, we deployed a convolutional neural network-based image reconstruction method combined with a speckle tracking algorithm based on cross-correlation. Numerical and in vivo experiments, conducted in the context of plane-wave imaging, demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of estimating displacements in regions where the presence of side lobe and grating lobe artifacts prevents any displacement estimation with a state-of-the-art technique that relies on conventional delay-and-sum beamforming. The proposed approach may therefore unlock the full potential of ultrafast ultrasound, in applications such as ultrasensitive cardiovascular motion and flow analysis or shear-wave elastography.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Animation and slideshow of Figure 4 are provided as ancillary files. This version has been accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of single antibiotic therapy versus antibiotic combination in implant-free staphylococcal post-surgical spinal infections: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Lombès, Amélie
name: Fernandez-Gerlinger, Marie-Paule
name: Khalifé, Marc
name: Kassis-Chikhani, Najiby
name: Jomli, Amira
name: Mainardi, Jean-Luc
name: Lebeaux, David
name: Dubert, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Flow chart
Oxygen Gas Abundances at z~1.4: Implications for the Chemical Evolution History of Galaxies
Creators: name: Maier, C.
name: Lilly, S. J.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
name: Hippelein, H.
name: Stockton, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 1
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Second and fourth moments of the charge density and neutron-skin thickness of atomic nuclei
Creators: name: Naito, Tomoya
name: Colò, Gianluca
name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Roca-Maza, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented to extract the neutron-skin thickness of atomic nuclei from the second and fourth moments of the electric charge distribution. We show that the value of the proton fourth moment must be independently known in order to estimate the neutron skin thickness experimentally. To overcome this problem, we propose the use of a strong linear correlation among the second and fourth moments of the proton distribution as calculated with several energy density functionals of common use. We take special care in estimating the errors associated with the different contributions to the neutron radius and show, for the first time, the analytic expressions for the spin-orbit contribution to the charge fourth moments of neutrons and protons. To reduce the uncertainty on the extraction of the neutron radius, two neighboring even-even isotopes are used. Nevertheless, the error on the fourth moment of the proton distribution, even if determined or assumed with large accuracy, dominates and prevents the present method from being applied for a sound determination of the neutron skin thickness.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Elicitation of miratives
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-190518-05 and VP-190518-06: mirativity elicitation, confirming data from previous elicitations in 2014 and 2017, some based on Hill 2012 ("'Mirativity' does not exist: ḥdug in 'Lhasa' Tibetan and Other Suspects," Linguistic Typology 16: 389-433).
Sharing electrophysiological data and the CARMEN project
Creators: name: Smith, Leslie
name: Sernagor, Evelyne
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Many journals and research funding organisations now demand that researchers make their datasets, metadata, and processing software publically and permanently available once their work has been published. Repeatability of results and re-use of materials for cross-analysis requires this. Yet often the mechanism for archiving is unspecified. The International Neuroinformatics Co-ordinating Facility (INCF) keeps a list of re-usable Neuroscience (including Neurophysiology) resources at http://incf.org/ resources/research-tools. In addition, the INCF’s Electrophysiology Task Force maintains a list of resources for data sharing in (neuroimaging and) electrophysiology at http://tinyurl.com/d7f35qb. However, many of these are intended for specimen datasets, rather than data generated during research.

The UK based CARMEN project (https://portal.carmen.org.uk) is a portal based collaborative facility for neuroscientists (and in particular electrophysiologists) to share data and tools for working on data. Started in 2006, it has been providing a gradually improving service for about eight years. The system can translate many common formats into its own internal format and can generate a quick graphical display of datasets. Though successful for enabling geographically distributed groups to share data and techniques, few groups have made data publically available. Neuroinformaticians are already convinced of the importance of data sharing, so it is imperative to find out what is impeding uptake by experimentalists. Following a questionnaire issued to users (and non- users) we found that the issues were ease of uploading (speed, and issues with metadata), difficulties in finding and using services and developing and using workflows. Many users wanted only archival capability, and found the system complex. However some users have used the system in a much more powerful way, performing historic cross-analyses which could pave the way for others to start using the resource to its full potential.

Long term storage and archiving of data and processing techniques requires long term funding of infrastructure projects. Yet although publishers and funders want this, long term project funding remains difficult.
On the differential geometry of curves in Minkowski space
Creators: name: Formiga, J. B.
name: Romero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss some aspects of the differential geometry of curves in Minkowski space. We establish the Serret-Frenet equations in Minkowski space and use them to give a very simple proof of the fundamental theorem of curves in Minkowski space. We also state and prove two other theorems which represent Minkowskian versions of a very known theorem of the differential geometry of curves in tridimensional Euclidean space. We discuss the general solution for torsionless paths in Minkowki space. We then apply the four-dimensional Serret-Frenet equations to describe the motion of a charged test particle in a constant and uniform electromagnetic field and show how the curvature and the torsions of the four-dimensional path of the particle contain information on the electromagnetic field acting on the particle.
description: 10 pages. Typeset using REVTEX
Quantum-dot nucleation in strained-layer epitaxy: minimum-energy pathway in the stress-driven 2D-3D transformation
Creators: name: Prieto, J. E.
name: Markov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transformation of monolayer islands into bilayer islands as a first step of the overall two-dimensional to three-dimensional (2D-3D) transformation in the coherent Stranski-Krastanov mode of growth is studied for the cases of expanded and compressed overlayers. Compressed overlayers display a nucleation-like behavior: the energy accompanying the transformation process displays a maximum at some critical number of atoms, which is small for large enough values of the misfit, and then decreases gradually down to the completion of the transformation, non-monotonically due to the atomistics of the process. On the contrary, the energy change in expanded overlayers increases up to close to the completion of the transformation and then abruptly collapses with the disappearance of the monoatomic steps to produce low-energy facets. This kind of transformation takes place only in materials with strong interatomic bonding. Softer materials under tensile stress are expected to grow predominantly with a planar morphology until misfit dislocations are introduced, or to transform into 3D islands by a different mechanism. It is concluded that the coherent Stranski-Krastanov growth in expanded overlayers is much less probable than in compressed ones for kinetic reasons.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Final version, minor changes
Transverse beam emittance measurement by undulator radiation power noise
Creators: name: Lobach, Ihar
name: Nagaitsev, Sergei
name: Lebedev, Valeri
name: Romanov, Aleksandr
name: Stancari, Giulio
name: Valishev, Alexander
name: Halavanau, Aliaksei
name: Huang, Zhirong
name: Kim, Kwang-Je
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generally, turn-to-turn power fluctuations of incoherent spontaneous synchrotron radiation in a storage ring depend on the 6D phase-space distribution of the electron bunch. In some cases, if only one parameter of the distribution is unknown, this parameter can be determined from the measured magnitude of these power fluctuations. In this Letter, we report an absolute measurement (no free parameters or calibration) of a small vertical emittance (5--15 nm rms) of a flat beam by this method, under conditions, when it is unresolvable by a conventional synchrotron light beam size monitor.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2012.00965. substantial text overlap with arXiv:2012.00965
Mono-parametric quantum charge pumping: interplay between spatial interference and photon-assisted tunneling
Creators: name: Torres, Luis E. F. Foa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze quantum charge pumping in an open ring with a dot embedded in one of its arms. We show that cyclic driving of the dot levels by a \textit{single} parameter leads to a pumped current when a static magnetic flux is simultaneously applied to the ring. Based on the computation of the Floquet-Green's functions, we show that for low driving frequencies $ω_0$, the interplay between the spatial interference through the ring plus photon-assisted tunneling gives an average direct current (dc) which is proportional to $ω_0^{2}$. The direction of the pumped current can be reversed by changing the applied magnetic field.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. B
GraDe-SVM: graph-diffused classification for the analysis of somatic mutations in cancer
Creators: name: Hajkarim, Morteza Chalabi
name: Vandin, Fabio
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Recent advances in next generation sequencing data have allowed the collection of somatic mutations from a large number of patients from several cancer types. One of the main challenges in analyzing such large datasets is the identification of the few driver genes having mutations that are related to the disease. This task is complicated by the fact that genes and mutations do not act in isolation, but are related by a complex interaction network. A related but unexplored challenge is the classification of the cancer type using somatic mutations, that may be relevant for early cancer detection from circulating tumor DNA or circulating tumor cells.

We propose a graph-diffused SVM (GraDe-SVM) approach for cancer type classification using somatic mutations. Our approach effectively integrates somatic mutations and information from a large-scale interaction network using a graph diffusion process. We tested our method on a cohort of 3424 cancer samples from 11 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project, using both single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs). Our results show that our method improves the classification of the cancer type using somatic mutations compared to approaches that ignore the interaction network or consider the network but do not use the diffusion process. Moreover our approach highlights a number of known driver genes and genes with mutations that distinguish different cancer types.
Additional file 1 of Facilitators and barriers to accessing hepatitis B care in the postpartum period among foreign-born New Yorkers: a qualitative analysis of case notes
Creators: name: Tang, Liz Y.
name: Pene, Farma
name: Cherfas, Lina
name: Schwartz, Jessie
name: Baquero, María C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
A simulation study of energy transport in the Hamiltonian XY-model
Creators: name: Delfini, Luca
name: Lepri, Stefano
name: Livi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport properties of the planar rotator model on a square lattice are analyzed by means of microcanonical and non--equilibrium simulations. Well below the Kosterlitz--Thouless--Berezinskii transition temperature, both approaches consistently indicate that the energy current autocorrelation displays a long--time tail decaying as t^{-1}. This yields a thermal conductivity coefficient which diverges logarithmically with the lattice size. Conversely, conductivity is found to be finite in the high--temperature disordered phase. Simulations close to the transition temperature are insted limited by slow convergence that is presumably due to the slow kinetics of vortex pairs.
description: Submitted to Journal of Statistical Mechanics: theory and experiment
Light particles with baryon and lepton numbers
Creators: name: Heeck, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider light new particles $χ$ and $ϕ$ that carry baryon and lepton numbers. If these particles are lighter than nucleons they lead to exotic decays such as $p\to π^+ χ$ and $p\to e^+ϕ$, not yet fully constrained by dedicated searches. For $χ$ and $ϕ$ masses in the GeV range proton decays are kinematically forbidden but other decays of the forms baryon $\to$ meson$+χ$, meson $\to$ baryon$+\barχ$, and baryon $\to$ anti-lepton$+ϕ$ involving heavy initial hadrons are allowed. This opens up the possibility to search for apparent baryon number violation not just in underground experiments such as Super-Kamiokande and DUNE but also in decays of heavy hadrons in charm and B factories.
description: 6 pages, to appear in PLB
Hall Resistive Tearing Mode: A Variational Formulation
Creators: name: Shivamoggi, Bhimsen K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unified linear tearing-mode formulation is given incorporating both resistivity and Hall effects. A variational method is used that appears to be best suited to deal with the difficulties peculiar to the {\it triple-deck} structure associated with the Hall resistive tearing mode but also to lead to a convenient analytical dispersion relation for the Hall resisitive tearing mode. This analytical dispersion relation - * recovers the Furth-Killeen-Rosenbluth[15] result for the resistive branch; * gives a growth rate for the Hall branch which appears to be consistent with the growth rate of the electron-inertia driven tearing mode given previously (Coppi [19]); * recovers the scaling relation for the transition from the resisitive regime to the Hall regime numerically established by Fitzpatrick[20] in a driven Hall resistive reconnection situation.
description: 1-8 pages
Snell's Law from an Elementary Particle Viewpoint
Creators: name: Drosdoff, D.
name: Widom, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Snell's law of light deflection between media with different indices of refraction is usually discussed in terms of the Maxwell electromagnetic wave theory. Snell's law may also be derived from a photon beam theory of light rays. This latter particle physics view is by far the most simple one for understanding the laws of refraction.
description: ReVTeX Format 2 *.eps figures
The Initial Mass Function as given by the fragmentation
Creators: name: Zaninetti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dichotomy between a universal mass function (IMF) and a variable IMF which depends on local physical parameters characterises observational and theoretical stellar astronomy. In this contribution the available distributions of probability are briefly reviewed. The physical nature of two of them, gamma variate and lognormal, is then explained once the framework of the fragmentation is introduced. Interpolating techniques are then applied to the sample of the first 10 pc and to the open cluster NGC6649: in both cases lognormal distribution produces the best fit. The three power law function has also been investigated and visual comparison with an artificially generated sample of 100000 stars suggests that the variations in the spectral index are simply due to the small number of stars available in the observational sample. In order to derive the sample of masses, a new formula that allows us to express the mass as a function of the absolute magnitude and (B-V) for MAIN V, GIANTS III and SUPERGIANTS I is derived.
description: 6 pages 9 figures
Additional file 1 of MTHFR (C677T) polymorphism and its association with cytogenetic and clinical profile in individuals with primary amenorrhea
Creators: name: Sanghavi, Priyanka M.
name: Chandel, Divya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Karyotype Images.
Testing Exotic Scalars with HiggsBounds
Creators: name: Bahl, Henning
name: Martin Lozano, Victor
name: Stefaniak, Tim
name: Wittbrodt, Jonas
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: R parity: violation
dark matter: scalar
model: scalar
Higgs particle: charged particle
interpretation of experiments: CERN LHC Coll
new physics
acceptance
Yukawa
hierarchy
CERN LEP Stor
mediation
Batavia TEVATRON Coll
supersymmetry
kinematics
structure

description: The program HiggsBounds is a well-established tool for testing Beyond-the-Standard Model (BSM) theories with an extended Higgs sector against experimental limits from collider searches at LEP, Tevatron and LHC. Thus far, it could be applied to any neutral or charged Higgs bosons originating from the modified Higgs sector. Implicitly, these particles were assumed to exhibit a somewhat hierarchical Yukawa structure as present in the Standard Model, where in particular the couplings to first generation fermions could be neglected. In this work, we extend the HiggsBounds functionalities to go beyond these restrictions, thus making the code applicable to any neutral or charged BSM scalars. Moreover, we develop a new approach to implement experimental searches whose kinematic acceptance depends significantly on the values of the involved couplings. We achieve this by recasting the searches to general scalar models. Using this approach we incorporate relevant current experimental limits from LHC searches for exotic scalars, and present the implications of these limits for a dark matter scalar mediator model, a flipped Two-Higgs-Doublet Model and a supersymmetric model with R-parity violation.
Measurements of undulator radiation power noise and comparison with $\textit{ab initio}$ calculations
Creators: name: Lobach, Ihar
name: Nagaitsev, Sergei
name: Lebedev, Valeri
name: Romanov, Aleksandr
name: Stancari, Giulio
name: Valishev, Alexander
name: Halavanau, Aliaksei
name: Huang, Zhirong
name: Kim, Kwang-Je
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generally, turn-to-turn fluctuations of synchrotron radiation power in a storage ring depend on the 6D phase-space distribution of the electron bunch. This effect is related to the interference of fields radiated by different electrons. Changes in the relative electron positions and velocities inside the bunch result in fluctuations in the total emitted energy per pass in a synchrotron radiation source. This effect has been previously described assuming constant and equal electron velocities before entering the synchrotron radiation source. In this paper, we present a generalized formula for the fluctuations with a non-negligible beam divergence. Further, we corroborate this formula in a dedicated experiment with undulator radiation in the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) storage ring at Fermilab. Lastly, possible applications in beam instrumentation are discussed.
AdS black holes and thermal Yang-Mills correlators
Creators: name: Hartnoll, Sean A.
name: Kumar, S. Prem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the real time correlators of scalar glueball operators for Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature in flat space. The analytic structure of the frequency space propagator in perturbative field theory is seen to be qualitatively different to the strong coupling results that may be obtained from perturbations about AdS black hole spacetimes: we find branch cuts rather than poles. This difference appears to persist away from the strict zero and infinite coupling limits, possibly suggesting a phase transition in large N thermal N = 4 SYM theory as a function of the 't Hooft coupling.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures
Elementary Effects Analysis of factors controlling COVID-19 infections in computational simulation reveals the importance of Social Distancing and Mask Usage
Creators: name: Li, Kelvin K. F.
name: Jarvis, Stephen A.
name: Minhas, Fayyaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11th, 2020. With half of the world's countries in lockdown as of April due to this pandemic, monitoring and understanding the spread of the virus and infection rates and how these factors relate to behavioural and societal parameters is crucial for effective policy making. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of masks, social distancing, lockdown and self-isolation for reducing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Our findings based on agent-based simulation modelling show that whilst requiring a lockdown is widely believed to be the most efficient method to quickly reduce infection numbers, the practice of social distancing and the usage of surgical masks can potentially be more effective than requiring a lockdown. Our multivariate analysis of simulation results using the Morris Elementary Effects Method suggests that if a sufficient proportion of the population wore surgical masks and followed social distancing regulations, then SARS-CoV-2 infections can be controlled without requiring a lockdown.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
The economic viability of biomass crops versus conventional agricultural systems and its potential impact on farm incomes in Ireland
Creators: name: Clancy, Daragh
name: Breen, James P.
name: Butler, Anne Marie
name: Thorne, Fiona S.
name: Clancy, Daragh
name: Breen, James P.
name: Butler, Anne Marie
name: Thorne, Fiona S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Willow
subject: Miscanthus
subject: Co-firing
subject: Net present value
subject: Probit
subject: Linear programming

description: Ireland is currently importing 90 percent of its energy. The burning of domestically produced nonrenewable peat provides 4.9 percent of Ireland’s total primary energy supply while renewable biomass crops currently account for only 1 percent of the domestically produced energy supply. The Irish government have set a target of 30% of peat (approximately 0.9 million tonnes) used for electricity generation to be replaced by renewable energy crops. This would be equivalent to approximately 0.6 million tonnes of biomass crops or approximately 45,000 hectares of biomass. Direct payments and subsidies accounted for over 100 percent of average family farm income on beef and sheep farms in 2006. Therefore there appears to be significant potential for Irish farmers to replace conventional agricultural enterprises with biomass crops. A probit model was built to identify the socio-economic characteristics of farmers who may be willing to adopt energy crop production. The results from this were used in the construction of a linear programming model to determine the optimal enterprise for each farmer at varying energy prices.
Classical solutions to reaction-diffusion systems for hedging problems with interacting Ito and point processes
Creators: name: Becherer, Dirk
name: Schweizer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60H30, 60J25, 91B28 (Primary) 60G44, 60G55, 91B30. (Secondary)

description: We use probabilistic methods to study classical solutions for systems of interacting semilinear parabolic partial differential equations. In a modeling framework for a financial market with interacting Ito and point processes, such PDEs are shown to provide a natural description for the solution of hedging and valuation problems for contingent claims with a recursive payoff structure.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051604000000846 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The New Radioactive Waste Treatment Facility at the Jordan Research and Training Reactor
Creators: name: Altamimi, Ragai
name: AlKhawaldeh, Atef
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91506 Nuclear Engineering (incl. Fuel Enrichment and Waste Processing and Storage)
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: The need for building a national radioactive waste treatment facility was recognized during the first steps of constructing the Jordan Research and Training Reactor (JRTR), as this was a solid block for introducing nuclear energy to Jordan. Toaddress this need Jordan Atomic Energy Commission (JAEC) agreed with the KAERI-DAEWOO Consortium (KDC) to add the Radioactive Waste Treatment Facility (RWTF) to the JRTR EPD contract. The technical proposal for the RWTF was submitted in July 2014. While the construction and commissioning of the RWTF were finished in June 2017 and obtained the operation license in March2019. The RWTF facility is capable of receiving low and intermediate-level Radioactive Waste (RW) from the JRTR reactor and other producers. This paper summarizes the status of the RWTF project as well as the operational capabilities of the facility.