cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Venture Capital investments through the lens of Network and Functional Data Analysis
Creators: name: Esposito, Christian
name: Gortan, Marco
name: Testa, Lorenzo
name: Chiaromonte, Francesca
name: Fagiolo, Giorgio
name: Mina, Andrea
name: Rossetti, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we characterize the performance of venture capital-backed firms based on their ability to attract investment. The aim of the study is to identify relevant predictors of success built from the network structure of firms' and investors' relations. Focusing on deal-level data for the health sector, we first create a bipartite network among firms and investors, and then apply functional data analysis (FDA) to derive progressively more refined indicators of success captured by a binary, a scalar and a functional outcome. More specifically, we use different network centrality measures to capture the role of early investments for the success of the firm. Our results, which are robust to different specifications, suggest that success has a strong positive association with centrality measures of the firm and of its large investors, and a weaker but still detectable association with centrality measures of small investors and features describing firms as knowledge bridges. Finally, based on our analyses, success is not associated with firms' and investors' spreading power (harmonic centrality), nor with the tightness of investors' community (clustering coefficient) and spreading ability (VoteRank).
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, supplementary material attached
Diameter estimate for closed manifolds with positive scalar curvature
Creators: name: Fu, Xuenan
name: Wu, Jia-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a simply connected closed Riemannian manifold with positive scalar curvature, we prove an upper diameter bound in terms of its scalar curvature integral, the Yamabe constant and the dimension of the manifold. When a manifold has a conformal immersion into a sphere, the dependency on the Yamabe constant is not necessary. The power of scalar curvature integral in these diameter estimates is sharp and it occurs at round spheres with canonical metric.
description: Remark 1.2 and reference [2] added
Perceptions of parental style and children's competence : a comparative study of IVF and non-IVF twins
Creators: name: Munro., Judith M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Euclidean Time Approach to Entanglement Entropy on Lattices and Fuzzy Spaces
Creators: name: Allouche, A.
name: Dou, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent letter, we developed a novel Euclidean time approach to compute Rényi entanglement entropy on lattices and fuzzy spaces based on Green's function. The present work is devoted in part to the explicit proof of the Green's matrix function formula which was quoted and used in the previous letter, and on the other part to some applications of this formalism. We focus on scalar theory on 1+1 lattice. We also use the developed approach to go systematically beyond the Gaussian case by considering interacting models, in particular our results confirm earlier expectations concerning the correction to the entanglement at first order. We finally outline how this approach can be used to compute the entanglement entropy on fuzzy spaces for free and interacting scalar theories.
description: Minor corrections, in particular fixing the order of the tensor ( Kronecker) product of the matrices
The location of the Fisher zeros and estimates of yT = 1/ν are found for the Baxter-Wu model
Creators: name: Monroe, James L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the location of the Fisher zeros of the Baxter-Wu model, for two series of finite sized clusters, with spherical boundary conditions, is extremely simple. They lie on the unit circle in the complex Sinh[2\b{eta}J3] plane. This is the same location as the Fisher zeros of the Ising model with nearest neighbor interactions, J2, on the square lattice have, with Brascamp-Kunz boundary conditions. The Baxter-Wu model is an Ising model with three site interactions, J3, on the triangle lattice. From the leading Fisher zeros, using finite size scaling, accurate estimates of the critical exponent 1/ν are obtained. Furthermore, using the imaginary parts of the leading zeros versus the real part of the leading zeros leads to different results similar the results of Janke and Kenna for the nearest neighbor, Ising model on the square lattice and extending this behavior to a multi-site interaction system.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Mathematical and Numerical Methods for Non-linear Beam Dynamics
Creators: name: Herr, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-linear effects in accelerator physics are important for both successful operation of accelerators and during the design stage. Since both of these aspects are closely related, they will be treated together in this overview. Some of the most important aspects are well described by methods established in other areas of physics and mathematics. The treatment will be focused on the problems in accelerators used for particle physics experiments. Although the main emphasis will be on accelerator physics issues, some of the aspects of more general interest will be discussed. In particular, we demonstrate that in recent years a framework has been built to handle the complex problems in a consistent form, technically superior and conceptually simpler than the traditional techniques. The need to understand the stability of particle beams has substantially contributed to the development of new techniques and is an important source of examples which can be verified experimentally. Unfortunately, the documentation of these developments is often poor or even unpublished, in many cases only available as lectures or conference proceedings.
description: 42 pages, contribution to the CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Advanced Accelerator Physics Course, Trondheim, Norway, 18-29 Aug 2013
Evaluation of guso seaweeds as potential material for the development of edible drinking straw
Creators: name: Sanchez, Philip Donald C.
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Edible drinking straw, Biodegradable drinking straw, Plastic pollution, Guso seaweeds, Sustainable straw

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 28, 5, 9
A dominance tree approach to systems of cities
Creators: name: Louail, Thomas
name: Barthelemy, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing the spatial organization of urban systems is a challenge which points to the more general problem of describing marked point processes in spatial statistics. We propose a non-parametric method that goes beyond standard tools of point pattern analysis and which is based on a mapping between the points and a "dominance tree", constructed from a recursive analysis of their Voronoi tessellation. Using toy models, we show that the height of a node in this tree encodes both its mark and the structure of its neighborhood, reflecting its importance in the system. We use historical population data in France (1876-2018) and the US (1880-2010) and show that the method highlights multiscale urban dynamics experienced by these countries. These include non-monotonous city trajectories in the US, as revealed by the evolution of their height in the tree. We show that the height of a city in the tree is less sensitive to different statistical definitions of cities than its rank in the urban hierarchy. The method also captures the attraction basins of cities at successive scales, and while in both countries these basin sizes become more homogeneous at larger scales, they are also more heterogeneous in France than in the US. Finally, we introduce a simple graphical representation - the height clock - that monitors the evolution of the role of each city in its country.
description: Final published version (11 pages, 5 figures)
Photosynthesis re-wired on the pico-second timescale
Creators: name: Baikie, Tomi K.
name: Wey, Laura T.
name: Medipally, Hitesh
name: Reisner, Erwin
name: Nowaczyk, Marc M.
name: Friend, Richard H.
name: Howe, Christopher J.
name: Schnedermann, Christoph
name: Rao, Akshay
name: Zhang, Jenny Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photosystems II and I (PSII and PSI) are the reaction centre complexes that drive the light reactions of photosynthesis. PSII performs light-driven water oxidation (quantum efficiencies and catalysis rates of up to 80% and 1000 $e^{-}\text{s}^{-1}$, respectively) and PSI further photo-energises the harvested electrons (quantum efficiencies of ~100%). The impressive performance of the light harvesting components of photosynthesis has motivated extensive biological, artificial and biohybrid approaches to re-wire photosynthesis to enable higher efficiencies and new reaction pathways, such as H2 evolution or alternative CO2 fixation. To date these approaches have focussed on charge extraction at the terminal electron quinones of PSII and terminal iron-sulfur clusters of PSI. Ideally electron extraction would be possible immediately from the photoexcited reaction centres to enable the greatest thermodynamic gains. However, this was believed to be impossible because the reaction centres are buried around 4 nm within PSII and 5 nm within PSI from the cytoplasmic face. Here, we demonstrate using in vivo ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy that it is possible to extract electrons directly from photoexcited PSI and PSII, using both live cyanobacterial cells and isolated photosystems, with the exogenous electron mediator 2,6-dichloro1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ). We postulate that DCBQ can oxidise peripheral chlorophyll pigments participating in highly delocalised charge transfer (CT) states after initial photoexcitation. Our results open new avenues to study and re-wire photosynthesis for bioenergy and semi-artificial photosynthesis.
Amino acid composition and biological activity of new powdered vegetable seasonings
Creators: name: Thidarat Somdee
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Powdered vegetable seasonings, Amino acid composition, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Phytochemical

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 28, 5, 8
Secondary GWs and PBHs in string inflation: formation and detectability
Creators: name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Pedro, Francisco G.
name: Pedron, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the spectrum and analyse the detectability prospects of secondary gravity waves (GWs) associated to primordial black hole (PBH) production in a class of string inflationary models called Fibre Inflation. The inflationary potential features a near inflection point that induces a period of ultra slow-roll responsible for an enhancement of the scalar perturbations which can lead to PBHs with different masses and contributions to dark matter (DM) in agreement with current observational bounds, including CMB constraints on the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. This enhancement of the curvature perturbations sources secondary GWs which can be detected by either LISA, ET or BBO, depending on the GW frequency but regardless of the amount of PBH DM since secondary GWs remain detectable even if the PBH contribution to DM is exponentially suppressed. The possibility to see a secondary GW signal is instead due to the presence of an ultra slow-roll epoch between CMB horizon exit and the end of inflation.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Calcium, contraction and metabolism in longitudinal smooth muscle of rat urinary bladder and some effects of ageing
Creators: name: Munro., David D.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Thermal topological phase transition in SnTe from \emph{ab-initio} calculations
Creators: name: Aguado-Puente, Pablo
name: Chudzinski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key issues in the physics of topological insulators is whether the topologically non-trivial properties survive at finite temperatures and, if so, whether they disappear only at the temperature of topological gap closing. Here, we study this problem, using quantum fidelity as a measure, by means of \emph{ab-initio} methods supplemented by an effective dissipative theory built on the top of the \emph{ab-initio} electron and phonon band structures. In the case of SnTe, the prototypical crystal topological insulator, we reveal the presence of a characteristic temperature, much lower than the gap-closing one, that marks a loss of coherence of the topological state. The transition is not present in a purely electronic system but it appears once we invoke coupling with a dissipative bosonic bath. Features in the dependence with temperature of the fidelity susceptibility can be related to changes in the band curvature, but signatures of a topological phase transition appear in the fidelity only though the non-adiabatic coupling with soft phonons. Our argument is valid for valley topological insulators, but in principle can be generalized to the broader class of topological insulators which host any symmetry-breaking boson.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase-producing endophytic bacteria prolong vase life of cut roses
Creators: name: Siriruk Sarawaneeyaruk
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: ACC Deaminase, Acinetobacter, Endophyte, Ethylene, Plant growth-promoting bacteria

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 28, 5, 8
Chemical abundances in a high velocity RR Lyrae star near the bulge
Creators: name: Hansen, Camilla Juul
name: Rich, Robert Michael
name: Koch, Andreas
name: Xu, Siyi
name: Kunder, Andrea
name: Ludwig, Hans-Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass, variable, high-velocity stars are interesting study cases for many aspects of Galactic structure and evolution. Until recently, the only known high- or hyper-velocity stars were young stars thought to originate from the Galactic centre. Wide-area surveys like APOGEE and BRAVA have found several low-mass stars in the bulge with Galactic rest-frame velocities larger than 350 km/s. In this study we present the first abundance analysis of a low-mass, RR Lyrae star, located close to the Galactic bulge, with a space motion of ~ -400 km/s. Using medium-resolution spectra, we derive abundances (including upper limits) of 11 elements. These allow us to chemically tag the star and discuss its origin, although our derived abundances and metallicity, at [Fe/H] =-0.9 dex, do not point toward one unambiguous answer. Based on the chemical tagging, we cannot exclude that it originated in the bulge. However, combining its retrograde orbit and the derived abundances suggests that the star was accelerated from the outskirts of the inner (or even outer) halo during many-body interactions. Other possible origins include the bulge itself, or the star could be stripped from a star cluster or the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy when it merged with the Milky Way.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
A $q$-deformation of enriched $P$-partitions (extended abstract)
Creators: name: Grinberg, Darij
name: Vassilieva, Ekaterina A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 06A11

description: We introduce a $q$-deformation that generalises in a single framework previous works on classical and enriched $P$-partitions. In particular, we build a new family of power series with a parameter $q$ that interpolates between Gessel's fundamental ($q=0$) and Stembridge's peak quasisymmetric functions ($q=1$) and show that it is a basis of $\QSym$ when $q\notin\{-1,1\}$. Furthermore we build their corresponding monomial bases parametrised with $q$ that cover our previous work on enriched monomials and the essential quasisymmetric functions of Hoffman.
description: 12 pages. Extended abstract accepted for FPSAC 2022. In v3, we corrected Corollary 1
Nuclear data for day-1 radionuclides
Creators: name: Collins, Sean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nuclear Decay Data
Half-life
Nuclear Medicine
Gamma-ray emission intensities
PRISMAP

description: Nuclear decay data are fundamental constants of a radionuclide’s decay process and are unique to that radionuclide. Nuclear decay data have been identified as being of importance to a wide range of activities in nuclear medicine, from the production of radionuclides to their use in nuclear medicine clinics. Accurate and precise data on nuclear decay is therefore necessary to ensure confidence in all activities undertaken throughout the process of using radiopharmaceutical products. This report provides a review of the status of the nuclear decay data of the diagnostic or therapeutic radionuclides in the PRISMAP catalogue available at the start of the project in May 2021. There were eighteen original radionuclides available at the commencement of the project, which were identified as Sc-44, Sc-47, Cu-64, Cu-67, Ag-111, La-135, Tb-149, Tb-152, Tb-155, Tb-161, Er-165, Ho-166, Er-169, Yb-175, Pt-195m, Bi-213, At-211 and Ac-225. This review does not include a review of the radionuclides Dy-166 and Tm-165 that are used as generators to produce Ho-166 and Er-165 and has focused on these progenies instead. Whilst PRISMAP has extended their radionuclide catalogue since the initiation of the project to now encompass a total of twenty-six radionuclides at the time of publishing this report, these additional radionuclides have not been covered by this review. These may be included in a future review. A summary of the current state of nuclear decay data of the initial eighteen radionuclides have been covered using the latest evaluations published by the Nuclear Data Sheets or the Decay Data Evaluation Project. Where recent studies have been published since the last evaluation a comparison to these new values have been included. Based on these reviews’ recommendations, where the current literature is lacking or there is room for improvement, new nuclear decay data studies are needed or have been proposed.
Measuring the propagation speed of gravitational waves with LISA
Creators: name: Baker, Tessa
name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Chen, Anson
name: Fasiello, Matteo
name: Lombriser, Lucas
name: Martinovic, Katarina
name: Pieroni, Mauro
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
name: Tasinato, Gianmassimo
name: Bertacca, Daniele
name: Saltas, Ippocratis D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation speed of gravitational waves, $c_T$, has been tightly constrained by the binary neutron star merger GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart, under the assumption of a frequency-independent $c_T$. Drawing upon arguments from Effective Field Theory and quantum gravity, we discuss the possibility that modifications of General Relativity allow for transient deviations of $c_T$ from the speed of light at frequencies well below the band of current ground-based detectors. We motivate two representative Ansätze for $c_T(f)$, and study their impact upon the gravitational waveforms of massive black hole binary mergers detectable by the LISA mission. We forecast the constraints on $c_T(f)$ obtainable from individual systems and a population of sources, from both inspiral and a full inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform. We show that LISA will enable us to place stringent independent bounds on departures from General Relativity in unexplored low-frequency regimes, even in the absence of an electromagnetic counterpart.
description: 38+20 pages, 22 figures. V2: Analysis improved, to be published in JCAP
Instantaneous Intervalley Transition just at the Franck-Condon State in the Conduction Band of GaAs
Creators: name: Ohnishi, Hiromasa
name: Tomita, Norikazu
name: Nasu, Keiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose two possible quantum microscopic mechanisms for intervalley transitions just at the Franck-Condon state in GaAs. The first is the simultaneously combined coulombic elastic transitions of two electrons,from the originally photo-excited $Γ$ valley to the mutually opposite L and -L valleys in the Brillouin zone. The second is the "elastic" scattering of an electron from the $Γ$ valley to the L one by the frozen phonon, which is not newly created in the excited state, but already exists, being inherited from the starting ground state, according to the Franck-Condon principle of the photo-excitation. Surprisingly, we can theoretically show that such the elastic electron-phonon scattering gives extremely fast time constant of the order of a few tens femtoseconds, as well as the above elastic electron-electron scattering does.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Reasoning with belief functions over Belnap--Dunn logic
Creators: name: Bílková, Marta
name: Frittella, Sabine
name: Kozhemiachenko, Daniil
name: Majer, Ondrej
name: Nazari, Sajad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B48, 03B52, 03B53

description: We design an expansion of Belnap--Dunn logic with belief and plausibility functions that allow non-trivial reasoning with inconsistent and incomplete probabilistic information. We also formalise reasoning with non-standard probabilities and belief functions in two ways. First, using a calculus of linear inequalities, akin to the one presented in~\cite{FaginHalpernMegiddo1990}. Second, as a two-layered modal logic wherein reasoning with evidence (the outer layer) utilises paraconsistent expansions of Łukasiewicz logic. The second approach is inspired by~\cite{BaldiCintulaNoguera2020}. We prove completeness for both kinds of calculi and show their equivalence by establishing faithful translations in both directions.
The acute effects of Suryanamaskar yoga and dynamic stretching on anaerobic performance of amateur cyclists
Creators: name: Sawitri Wanpen
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Anaerobic performance, Dynamic stretching, Wingate test, Suryanamaskar yoga, Warm up

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 28, 5, 10
Twisted hybrid algorithms for combinatorial optimization
Creators: name: Caha, Libor
name: Kliesch, Alexander
name: Koenig, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proposed hybrid algorithms encode a combinatorial cost function into a problem Hamiltonian and optimize its energy by varying over a set of states with low circuit complexity. Classical processing is typically only used for the choice of variational parameters following gradient descent. As a consequence, these approaches are limited by the descriptive power of the associated states. We argue that for certain combinatorial optimization problems, such algorithms can be hybridized further, thus harnessing the power of efficient non-local classical processing. Specifically, we consider combining a quantum variational ansatz with a greedy classical post-processing procedure for the MaxCut-problem on $3$-regular graphs. We show that the average cut-size produced by this method can be quantified in terms of the energy of a modified problem Hamiltonian. This motivates the consideration of an improved algorithm which variationally optimizes the energy of the modified Hamiltonian. We call this a twisted hybrid algorithm since the additional classical processing step is combined with a different choice of variational parameters. We exemplify the viability of this method using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), giving analytic lower bounds on the expected approximation ratios achieved by twisted QAOA. These show that the necessary non-locality of the quantum ansatz can be reduced compared to the original QAOA: We find that for levels $p=2,\ldots, 6$, the level $p$ can be reduced by one while roughly maintaining the expected approximation ratio. This reduces the circuit depth by $4$ and the number of variational parameters by $2$.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
Effects of drying pretreatments and extraction methods on biochemical activity of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.
Creators: name: Sirinda Yunchalard
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Antioxidants, Flavonoids, Freeze-drying, Houttuynia cordata Thunb., Phenolics, Ultrasonic-assisted extraction

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 28, 5, 9
A Pair of O VI and Broad Ly-alpha Absorbers Probing Warm Gas in a Galaxy Group Environment at z ~ 0.4
Creators: name: Pachat, Sachin
name: Narayanan, Anand
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: Khaire, Vikram
name: Srianand, Raghunathan
name: Wakker, Bart P.
name: Savage, Blair D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection of two O VI absorbers separated in velocity by 710 km/s at z ~ 0.4 towards the background quasar SBS0957+599. Both absorbers are multiphase systems tracing substantial reservoirs of warm baryons. The low and intermediate ionization metals in the first absorber is consistent with an origin in photoionized gas. The O VI has a velocity structure different from other metal species. The Ly-alpha shows the presence of a broad feature. The line widths for O VI and the broad Ly-alpha suggest T = 7.1 x 10^5 K. This warm medium is probing a baryonic column which is an order of magnitude more than the total hydrogen in the cooler photoionized gas. The second absorber is detected only in H I and O VI. Here the temperature of 4.6 x 10^4 K supports O VI originating in a low-density photoionized gas. A broad component is seen in the Ly-alpha, offset from the O VI. The temperature in the broad Ly-alpha is T < 2.1 x 10^5 K. The absorbers reside in a galaxy overdensity region with 7 spectroscopically identified galaxies within ~ 10 Mpc and delta_v ~ 1000 km/s of the first absorber, and 2 galaxies inside a similar separation from the second absorber. The distribution of galaxies relative to the absorbers suggest that the line of sight could be intercepting a large-scale filament connecting galaxy groups, or the extended halo of a sub-L* galaxy. Though kinematically proximate, the two absorbers reaffirm the diversity in the physical conditions of low redshift O VI systems and the galactic environments they inhabit.
description: MNRAS Accepted. 16 pages, 9 figures
Homogeneous ice nucleation in an ab initio machine learning model of water
Creators: name: Piaggi, Pablo M.
name: Weis, Jack
name: Panagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z.
name: Debenedetti, Pablo G.
name: Car, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular simulations have provided valuable insight into the microscopic mechanisms underlying homogeneous ice nucleation. While empirical models have been used extensively to study this phenomenon, simulations based on first-principles calculations have so far proven prohibitively expensive. Here, we circumvent this difficulty by using an efficient machine learning model trained on density-functional theory (DFT) energies and forces. We compute nucleation rates at atmospheric pressure, over a broad range of supercoolings, using the seeding technique and systems of up to hundreds of thousands of atoms simulated with ab initio accuracy. The key quantity provided by the seeding technique is the size of the critical cluster (i.e., a size such that the cluster has equal probabilities of growing or melting at the given supersaturation) which is used together with the equations of classical nucleation theory to compute nucleation rates. We find that nucleation rates for our model at moderate supercoolings are in good agreement with experimental measurements within the error of our calculation. We also study the impact of properties such as the thermodynamic driving force, interfacial free energy, and stacking disorder on the calculated rates.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Regulation & characterisation of phospholipase A₂ isozymes associated with human parturition
Creators: name: Munns., Melinda
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Non-positive-partial-transpose quantum states of rank four are distillable
Creators: name: Chen, Lin
name: Djokovic, Dragomir Z
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that any bipartite quantum state of rank four is distillable, when the partial transpose of the state has at least one negative eigenvalue, i.e., the state is NPT. For this purpose we prove that if the partial transpose of a two-qutrit NPT state has two non-positive eigenvalues, then the state is distillable. We further construct a parametrized two-qutrit NPT entangled state of rank five which is not 1-distillable, and show that it is not $n$-distillable for any given $n$ when the parameter is sufficiently small. This state has the smallest rank among all 1-undistillable NPT states. We conjecture that the state is not distillable.
description: 5 pages
Construction of multivariate polynomial approximation kernels via semidefinite programming
Creators: name: Kirschner, Felix
name: de Klerk, Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we construct a hierarchy of multivariate polynomial approximation kernels via semidefinite programming. We give details on the implementation of the semidefinite programs defining the kernels. Finally, we show how a symmetry reduction may be performed to increase numerical tractability.
Probing the dark photon via polarized DIS scattering at the HERA and EIC
Creators: name: Yan, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark photon is widely predicted in many new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we propose to utilize the polarized lepton cross section in neutral current DIS process at the HERA and upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to probe the properties of the dark photon. It shows that we can constrain the mixing parameter $ε<0.02$ when the dark photon mass $m_{A_D}<10 ~{\rm GeV}$ at the HERA with polarized lepton beam and this bound is comparable to the limit from the unpolarized HERA data. With the help of high integrated luminosity and high electron beam polarization of the EIC, the upper limit of the $ε$ could be further improved. Depending on the assumption of the systematic error of the cross section measurements, we obtain $ε<0.01\sim 0.02$ for the mass region $m_{A_D}<10~{\rm GeV}$ under the integrated luminosity of $300~{\rm fb}^{-1}$. We also discuss the complementary roles between the cross section and the single-spin asymmetry measurements in probing the dark photon.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, the published version
Biodegradation of Anthracene by Proteus sp. strain BTE_BCH isolated from oil-spill contaminated soil
Creators: name: Salihu Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Anthracene, Bioremediation, Enrichment, Heavy metals, OFAT, Proteus sp.

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 28, 5, 11
title: Playwriting as a visual art: A study of contemporary English-speaking dramaturgy using the works of five playwrights trained as fine artists
Creators: name: Di Benedetto, Stephen Anthony
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 1999

description: In a visual culture where the dividing line between the theatrical and visual art forms is becoming increasingly blurred, it is important to reconsider the ways in which the spatial is conceived. Space is another non-linguistic medium of communication-it does not convey ideas through language, but through an array of visual and spatial components augmented by aural or linguistic threads. Robert Wilson, Maria Irene Fames, John Byme, David Storey and John Arden were trained as fine artists before becoming playwrights. Their works are used to describe stage space as a visible medium of expression. These playwrights make use of principles from painting, sculpture and installation to create spatio-temporal images that work with a text to form a theatrical performance. They have constructed their pieces with an implicit visual structure that is essential to their staging. Each manipulates aesthetic concepts gleaned from the fine arts as mechanisms to create three dimensional theatrical compositions, which can be categorised as 'scopic building blocks'. By analysing these mechanisms with a methodology and vocabulary drawn from the visual arts, a theatrical conception of spatial analysis will become apparent. These playwrights will be placed in the context of the theatre as a seeing place, into which artists often have crossed over and made use of as an expressive form. Then a summary of the playwrights' fine art training will introduce their aesthetic technique, thereby connecting their visual art and theatrical work. Their working methods will be examined so that their 'playwriting' or 'visual scripting' can be defined. Once the evidence is presented, there will be an exploration of the ways in which these techniques can be applied to physical theatre, theatres of images or other visually influenced texts.
Thermodynamic Limits of Photon-Multiplier Luminescent Solar Concentrators
Creators: name: Baikie, Tomi K
name: Ashoka, Arjun
name: Rao, Akshay
name: Greenham, Neil C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are theoretically able to concentrate both direct and diffuse solar radiation with extremely high efficiencies. Photon-multiplier luminescent solar concentrators (PM-LSCs) contain chromophores which exceed 100\% photoluminescence quantum efficiency. PM-LSCs have recently been experimentally demonstrated and hold promise to outcompete traditional LSCs. However, we find that the thermodynamic limits of PM-LSCs are different and are sometimes more extreme relative to traditional LSCs. As might be expected, to achieve very high concentration factors a PM-LSC design must also include a free energy change, analogous to the Stokes shift in traditional LSCs. Notably, unlike LSCs, the maximum concentration ratio of a PM-LSC is dependent on brightness of the incident photon field. For some brightnesses, but equivalent energy loss, the PM-LSC has a greater maximum concentration factor than that of the traditional LSC. We find that the thermodynamic requirements to achieve highly concentrating PM-LSCs differ from traditional LSCs. The new model gives insight into the limits of concentration of PM-LSCs and may be used to extract design rules for further PM-LSC design.
Complex Saddles and Euclidean Wormholes in the Lorentzian Path Integral
Creators: name: Loges, Gregory J.
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Sudhir, Nidhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study complex saddles of the Lorentzian path integral for 4D axion gravity and its dual description in terms of a 3-form flux, which include the Giddings-Strominger Euclidean wormhole. Transition amplitudes are computed using the Lorentzian path integral and with the help of Picard-Lefschetz theory. The number and nature of saddles is shown to qualitatively change in the presence of a bilocal operator that could arise, for example, as a result of considering higher-topology transitions. We also analyze the stability of the Giddings-Strominger wormhole in the 3-form picture, where we find that it represents a perturbatively stable Euclidean saddle of the gravitational path integral. This calls into question the ultimate fate of such solutions in an ultraviolet-complete theory of quantum gravity.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. v2: citations added, typos corrected, figures updated
Emergent particle-hole symmetry in the half-filled Landau level
Creators: name: Mulligan, Michael
name: Raghu, S.
name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an effective description of a particle-hole symmetric state of electrons in a half-filled Landau level, starting from the traditional approach pioneered by Halperin, Lee and Read. Specifically, we study a system consisting of alternating quasi-one-dimensional strips of composite Fermi liquid (CFL) and composite hole liquid (CHL), both of which break particle-hole symmetry. When the CFL and CHL strips are identical in size, the resulting state is manifestly invariant under the combined action of a particle-hole transformation with respect to a single Landau level (which interchanges the CFL and CHL) and translation by one unit, equal to the strip width, in the direction transverse to the strips. At distances long compared to the strip width, we demonstrate that the system is described by a Dirac fermion coupled to an emergent gauge field, with an anti-unitary particle-hole symmetry, as recently proposed by Son.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Evolution of X-ray Activity in <25 Myr Old Pre-Main Sequence Stars
Creators: name: Getman, Konstantin V.
name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Garmire, Gordon P.
name: Broos, Patrick S.
name: Kuhn, Michael A.
name: Preibisch, Thomas
name: Airapetian, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the evolution of X-ray emission from pre-main sequence (PMS) stars gives insight into two issues: the response of magnetic dynamo processes to changes in interior structure and the effects of high-energy radiation on protoplanetary disks and primordial planetary atmospheres. We present a sample of 6,003 stars with ages 7-25Myr in ten nearby open clusters from Chandra X-ray and Gaia-EDR3 surveys. Combined with previous results in large samples of younger (<5Myr) stars in MYStIX and SFiNCs star forming regions, mass-stratified activity-age relations are derived for early phases of stellar evolution. X-ray luminosity (Lx) is constant during the first few Myr, possibly due to the presence of extended X-ray coronas insensitive to temporal changes in stellar size. Lx then decays during the 7-25Myr period, more rapidly as stellar mass increases. This decay is interpreted as decreasing efficiency of the alpha^2 dynamo as radiative cores grow and a solar-type alpha-Omega dynamo emerges. For more massive 3.5-7Mo fully radiative stars, the X-ray emission plummets indicating lack of an effective magnetic dynamo. The findings provide improved measurements of high energy radiation effects on circumstellar material, first the protoplanetary disk and then the atmospheres of young planets. The observed X-ray luminosities can be so high that an inner Earth-mass rocky, unmagnetized planet around a solar-mass PMS star might lose its primary and secondary atmospheres within a few-several million years. PMS X-ray emission may thus have a significant impact on evolution of early planetary atmospheres and the conditions promoting the rise of habitability.
description: 39 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, June 10, 2022
Discrete approximations to Dirac operators and norm resolvent convergence
Creators: name: Cornean, Horia D.
name: Garde, Henrik
name: Jensen, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A10, 47B39, 47A58

description: We consider continuous Dirac operators defined on $\mathbf{R}^d$, $d\in\{1,2,3\}$, together with various discrete versions of them. Both forward-backward and symmetric finite differences are used as approximations to partial derivatives. We also allow a bounded, Hölder continuous, and self-adjoint matrix-valued potential, which in the discrete setting is evaluated on the mesh. Our main goal is to investigate whether the proposed discrete models converge in norm resolvent sense to their continuous counterparts, as the mesh size tends to zero and up to a natural embedding of the discrete space into the continuous one. In dimension one we show that forward-backward differences lead to norm resolvent convergence, while in dimension two and three they do not. The same negative result holds in all dimensions when symmetric differences are used. On the other hand, strong resolvent convergence holds in all these cases. Nevertheless, and quite remarkably, a rather simple but non-standard modification to the discrete models, involving the mass term, ensures norm resolvent convergence in general.
Association of the p85-p110 form of phosphoinositide 3-kinase with other signalling molecules
Creators: name: Munday., Adam Dallas
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
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Probing Magnetic Fields in Protoplanetary Disk Atmospheres through Polarized Optical/IR Light Scattered by Aligned Grains
Creators: name: Yang, Haifeng
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields play essential roles in protoplanetary disks. Magnetic fields in the disk atmosphere are of particular interest, as they are connected to the wind-launching mechanism. In this work, we study the polarization of the light scattered off of magnetically aligned grains in the disk atmosphere, focusing on the deviation of the polarization orientation from the canonical azimuthal direction, which may be detectable in near-IR polarimetry with instruments such as VLT/SPHERE. We show with a simple disk model that the polarization can even be oriented along the radial (rather than azimuthal) direction, especially in highly inclined disks with toroidally dominated magnetic fields. This polarization reversal is caused by the anisotropy in the polarizibility of aligned grains and is thus a telltale sign of such grains. We show that the near-IR light is scattered mostly by $μ$m-sized grains or smaller at the $τ=1$ surface and such grains can be magnetically aligned if they contain superparamagnetic inclusions. For comparison with observations, we generate synthetic maps of the ratios of $U_ϕ/I$ and $Q_ϕ/I$, which can be used to infer the existence of (magnetically) aligned grains through a negative $Q_ϕ$ (polarization reversal) and/or a significant level of $U_ϕ/I$. We show that two features observed in the existing data, an asymmetric distribution of $U_ϕ$ with respect to the disk minor axis and a spatial distribution of $U_ϕ$ that is predominantly positive or negative, are incompatible with scattering by spherical grains in an axisymmetric disk. They provide indirect evidences for scattering by aligned non-spherical grains.
description: Accepted for publication on AJ. Major revision compared with the first version. Implications for observations are discussed. 21 pages (13 pages in the main text), 21 figures (14 in the main text)