Interpreting Millimeter Emission from IMEGIN galaxies NGC 2146 and NGC 2976
Creators: name: Ejlali, G.
name: Tabatabaei, F. S.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Adam, R.
name: Ade, P.
name: Ajeddig, H.
name: André, P.
name: Artis, E.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Baes, M.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Benoît, A.
name: Berta, S.
name: Bing, L.
name: Bourrion, O.
name: Calvo, M.
name: Catalano, A.
name: De Looze, I.
name: De Petris, M.
name: Désert, F. -X.
name: Doyle, S.
name: Driessen, E. F. C.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Gomez, A.
name: Goupy, J.
name: Jones, A. P.
name: Hanser, C.
name: Hughes, A.
name: Katsioli, S.
name: Kéruzoré, F.
name: Kramer, C.
name: Ladjelate, B.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Leclercq, S.
name: Lestrade, J. -F.
name: Macías-Pérez, J. F.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Maury, A.
name: Mauskopf, P.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Monfardini, A.
name: Moyer-Anin, A.
name: Muñoz-Echeverría, M.
name: Nersesian, A.
name: Pantoni, L.
name: Paradis, D.
name: Perotto, L.
name: Pisano, G.
name: Ponthieu, N.
name: Revéret, V.
name: Rigby, A. J.
name: Ritacco, A.
name: Romero, C.
name: Ruppin, F.
name: Schuster, K.
name: Sievers, A.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Tedros, J.
name: Tucker, C.
name: Xilouris, E. M.
name: Ysard, N.
name: Zylka, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The millimeter continuum emission from galaxies provides important information about cold dust, its distribution, heating, and role in their InterStellar Medium (ISM). This emission also carries an unknown portion of the free-free and synchrotron radiation. The IRAM 30m Guaranteed Time Large Project, Interpreting Millimeter Emission of Galaxies with IRAM and NIKA2 (IMEGIN) provides a unique opportunity to study the origin of the millimeter emission on angular resolutions of &lt;18" in a sample of nearby galaxies. As a pilot study, we present millimeter observations of two IMEGIN galaxies, NGC 2146 (starburst) and NGC 2976 (peculiar dwarf) at 1.15 mm and 2 mm. Combined with the data taken with Spitzer, Herschel, Plank, WSRT, and the 100m Effelsberg telescopes, we model the infrared-to-radio Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of these galaxies, both globally and at resolved scales, using a Bayesian approach to 1) dissect different components of the millimeter emission, 2) investigate the physical properties of dust, and 3) explore correlations between millimeter emission, gas, and Star Formation Rate (SFR). We find that cold dust is responsible for most of the 1.15 mm emission in both galaxies and at 2 mm in NGC 2976. The free-free emission emits more importantly in NGC 2146 at 2 mm. The cold dust emissivity index is flatter in the dwarf galaxy ($β= 1.3\pm 0.1$) compared to the starburst galaxy ($β= 1.7\pm 0.1$). Mapping the dust-to-gas ratio, we find that it changes between 0.004 and 0.01 with a mean of $0.006\pm0.001$ in the dwarf galaxy. In addition, no global balance holds between the formation and dissociation of H$_2$ in this galaxy. We find tight correlations between the millimeter emission and both the SFR and molecular gas mass in both galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics