cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laypeople Can Predict Which Social Science Studies Replicate
Creators: name: Hoogeveen, Suzanne
name: Sarafoglou, Alexandra
name: Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Can laypeople predict the outcomes of replication projects in psychology? Are descriptions of the hypotheses/effects sufficient for the general public to make an intuitive estimation of the replicability? Does the inclusion of Bayes factors reflecting the strength of the evidence in the original study add anything? We investigate these questions using 27 of the replication studies in Camerer et al. (2018) and Klein et al. (2018).
On Subcategorization and PRIORITY: Evidence from Welsh Allomorphy
Creators: name: Brinkerhoff, Mykel Loren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This thesis examines the phonologically conditioned suppletive allomorphy (PCSA) of the definite article in Welsh and initial consonant mutations. The analysis of these patterns shows that Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 2004 [1993]), with the addition of Lexical Selection’s use of priority relationship and lexical subcategorization (Mascaró 2007; Bonet et al. 2007) and Prosodic Subcategorization (Inkelas 1990, 1993; Zec 2005; Bye 2007; Bennett et al. 2018; Tyler 2019), can account for the distribution of the definite article allomorphs and their interaction with the rest of the grammar as well as the behavior of Welsh initial consonant mutations contrary to Hannahs & Tallerman (2006). The analysis further argues for an expansion of prosodic subcategorization to include allomorph-specific subcategorization frames in light of the Welsh definite article. Additionally, this thesis makes the argument against a purely morphological subcategorization approach to phonologically conditioned allomorphy, contrary to the claims of Paster (2009, 2015).
Vibration of effects in pooled analyses of Canagliflozin vs placebo, randomized, double blind trials
Creators: name: Henri, Gouraud
name: Wallach, Joshua
name: Boussageon, Remy
name: Ross, Joseph
name: Florian, NAUDET
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: canagliflozin
subject: meta-analyses
subject: pooled analyses
subject: vibration of effects

description: In this case study, we will explore VoE in pooled analyses of clinical trials focusing on clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of Canagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We will use IPD from trials data that are available for other researchers within the YODA (Yale University Open Data Access) project (https://yoda.yale.edu/).
Magnetic and gaseous spiral arms in M83
Creators: name: Frick, P.
name: Stepanov, R.
name: Beck, R.
name: Sokoloff, D.
name: Shukurov, A.
name: Ehle, M.
name: Lundgren, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-05

description: Isotropic and anisotropic wavelet transforms are used to decompose the images of the spiral galaxy M83 in various tracers to quantify structures in a range of scales from 0.2 to 10 kpc. We used radio polarization observations at λ6 cm and 13 cm obtained with the VLA, Effelsberg and ATCA telescopes and APEX sub-mm observations at 870 μm, which are first published here, together with maps of the emission of warm dust, ionized gas, molecular gas, and atomic gas. The spatial power spectra are similar for the tracers of dust, gas, and total magnetic field, while the spectra of the ordered magnetic field are significantly different. The wavelet cross-correlation between all material tracers and total magnetic field is high, while the structures of the ordered magnetic field are poorly correlated with those of other tracers. -- The magnetic field configuration in M83 contains pronounced magnetic arms. Some of them are displaced from the corresponding material arms, while others overlap with the material arms. The magnetic field vectors at λ6 cm are aligned with the outer material arms, while significant deviations occur in the inner arms and in the bar region, possibly due to non-axisymmetric gas flows. Outside the bar region, the typical pitch angles of the material and magnetic spiral arms are very close to each other at about 10°. The typical pitch angle of the magnetic field vectors is about 20° larger than that of the material spiral arms. One of the main magnetic arms in M83 is displaced from the gaseous arms, while the other main arm overlaps a gaseous arm. We propose that a regular spiral magnetic field generated by a mean-field dynamo is compressed in material arms and partly aligned with them. The interaction of galactic dynamo action with a transient spiral pattern is a promising mechanism for producing such complicated spiral patterns as in M83.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Matching the dark matter profiles of dSph galaxies with those of simulated satellites: a two parameter comparison
Creators: name: Breddels, Maarten A.
name: Vera-Ciro, Carlos
name: Helmi, Amina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the dark matter halos' structural parameters derived for four Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies to those of subhalos found in cosmological $N$-body simulations. We confirm that estimates of the mass at a single fixed radius are fully consistent with the observations. However, when a second structural parameter such as the logarithmic slope of the dark halo density profile measured close to the half-light radius is included in the comparison, we find little to no overlap between the satellites and the subhalos. Typically the right mass subhalos have steeper profiles at these radii than measurements of the dSph suggest. Using energy arguments we explore if it is possible to solve this discrepancy by invoking baryonic effects. Assuming that feedback from supernovae can lead to a reshaping of the halos, we compute the required efficiency and find entirely plausible values for a significant fraction of the subhalos and even as low as 0.1%. This implies that care must be taken not to exaggerate the effect of supernovae feedback as this could make the halos too shallow. These results could be used to calibrate and possibly constrain feedback recipes in hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJL
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Altmann, S., Falk, A., & Wibral, M., (2012), in Journal of Labor Economics
Creators: name: Talbert, Eli
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The study presents the finding that participants exert higher effort in the first stage of a two-stage tournament treatment than participants in a strategically equivalent one-stage tournament treatment. This reflects the following statement from the paper’s abstract: “Subjects in the two-stage treatment provide excess effort in the first stage, both with respect to Nash predictions and compared to the strategically equivalent one-stage tournament.” Behavior in multistage elimination tournaments is studied with two main treatments. The first is a two-stage tournament (TS) in which four participants compete for being promoted to the second stage. Promotion depends on subjects’ output, which is a function of costly effort and an individual noise term. The two subjects with the lowest output levels in the first stage are eliminated from further competition and receive a low wage. The two subjects with the highest output levels in the first stage are promoted, that is, they are allowed to take part in the second stage where they compete against each other again. The subject with the highest second-stage output receives a high wage, whereas the other finalist is paid an intermediate wage. The authors compare this treatment to a one-stage tournament (OS) in which four subjects compete once for two top positions. In OS, wages for promoted subjects are chosen such that the tournament is strategically equivalent to the first stage of TS. This means that promoted subjects in OS earn the sum of the intermediate wage in TS and the monetary equivalent of the second-stage option value in that tournament, implying that equilibrium effort is the same in both treatments. Comparing OS and TS thus allows testing whether strategic equivalence translates into behavioral equivalence. The difference in effort is tested with a Mann-Whitney U-test. Columns 1 and 2 of table 2 show that first-stage behavior differs considerably between the two treatments. Average effort in the first stage of the two-stage treatment is 84.8 (median = 84). Thus, subjects behave much more competitively in the multistage tournament, exerting efforts that are almost 20% higher than those of their counterparts in the one-stage treatment (average effort = 71.7, median = 75). A Mann-Whitney U-test confirms that the treatment difference is statistically significant (|z| = 2.536, p = .011, two sided). The focal test in the original paper is: |z| = 2.536, p = .011, two sided
The development of Environmental Productivity: the Case of Danish Energy Plants
Creators: name: Henningsen, Geraldine
name: Henningsen, Arne
name: Schröder, Sascha Thorsten
name: Bolwig, Simon
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2015

description: Abstract The Danish “Klima 2020” plan sets an ambitious target for the complete phasing-out of fossil fuels by 2050. The Danish energy sector currently accounts for 40% of national CO 2 emissions. Based on an extended Farrell input distance function that accounts for CO 2 as an undesirable output, we estimate the environmental productivity of individual generator units based on a panel data set for the period 1998 to 2011 that includes virtually all fuel-ﬁred generator units in Denmark. We further decompose total environmental energy conversion productivity into conversion eﬃciency, best conversion practice ratio, and conversion scale eﬃciency and use a global Malmquist index to calculate the yearly changes. By applying time series clustering, we can identify high, middle, and low performance groups of generator units in a dynamic setting. Our results indicate that the sectoral productivity only slightly increased over the fourteen years. Furthermore, we ﬁnd that there is no overall high achiever group, but that the ranking, although time consistent, varies between the diﬀerent productivity measures. However, we identify steam turbines and combustion engines for combined heat and power production as potential high performers, while combustion engines that only produce electricity are clearly low performers.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 7 (2015)
Tract Orientation and Angular Dispersion Deviation Indicator (TOADDI): A framework for single-subject analysis in diffusion tensor imaging
Creators: name: Koay, Cheng Guan
name: Yeh, Ping-Hong
name: Ollinger, John M.
name: İrfanoğlu, M. Okan
name: Pierpaoli, Carlo
name: Basser, Peter J.
name: Oakes, Terrence R.
name: Riedy, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of this work is to develop a framework for single-subject analysis of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. This framework (termed TOADDI) is capable of testing whether an individual tract as represented by the major eigenvector of the diffusion tensor and its corresponding angular dispersion are significantly different from a group of tracts on a voxel-by-voxel basis. This work develops two complementary statistical tests based on the elliptical cone of uncertainty (COU), which is a model of uncertainty or dispersion of the major eigenvector of the diffusion tensor. The orientation deviation test examines whether the major eigenvector from a single subject is within the average elliptical COU formed by a collection of elliptical COUs. The shape deviation test is based on the two-tailed Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney two-sample test between the normalized shape measures (area and circumference) of the elliptical cones of uncertainty of the single subject against a group of controls. The False Discovery Rate (FDR) and False Non-discovery Rate (FNR) were incorporated in the orientation deviation test. The shape deviation test uses FDR only. TOADDI was found to be numerically accurate and statistically effective. Clinical data from two Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients and one non-TBI subject were tested against the data obtained from a group of 45 non-TBI controls to illustrate the application of the proposed framework in single-subject analysis. The frontal portion of the superior longitudinal fasciculus seemed to be implicated in both tests as significantly different from that of the control group. The TBI patients and the single non-TBI subject were well separated under the shape deviation test at the chosen FDR level of 0.0005. TOADDI is a simple but novel geometrically based statistical framework for analyzing DTI data.
description: 49 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Support mechanisms for renewables: How risk exposure influences investment incentives
Creators: name: Kitzing, Lena
name: Weber, Christoph
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2015

description: We analyse quantitatively how risk exposure from different support mechanisms, such as feed-in tariffs and premiums, can influence the investment incentives for private investors. We develop a net cash flow approach that takes systematic and unsystematic risks into account through cost of capital and the Capital Asset Pricing Model as well as through active liquidity management. Applying the model to a specific case, a German offshore wind park, we find that the support levels required to give adequate investment incentives are for a feed-in tariff scheme approximately 4-10% lower than for a feed-in premium scheme. The effect of differences in risk exposure from the support schemes is significant and cannot be neglected in policy making, especially when deciding between support instruments or when determining adequate support levels.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 7 (2015)
Transparencia y publicidad de la declaración de infracciones antitrust y de las resoluciones en los procesos de indemnización daños
Creators: name: Marcos, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Información
Transparencia
Prohibiciones de conductas anticompetitivas
Defensa de la competencia
Aplicación pública
Autoridad de defensa de la competencia
Aplicación privada
Reclamación de daños
Publicidad
Sentencia

description: La efectividad de las prohibiciones antitrust tiene como presupuesto la publicidad de las acciones que los poderes públicos emprenden frente a las conductas anticompetitivas. La rápida puesta a disposición del público de información lo más extensa posible sobre la aplicación de las prohibiciones antitrust no sólo sirve a la función disuasoria en el interés público que tienen estas normas, sino que es necesaria para facilitar las acciones en su propio interés (privado) de quienes, de cualquier manera, se hayan visto negativamente afectados por las infracciones. Esta exigencia de transparencia se proyecta tanto sobre los procedimientos de aplicación administrativa incoados por las autoridades de defensa de la competencia como sobre los procesos judiciales que se inicien y fundamenten en la aplicación de las prohibiciones de conductas anticompetitivas. De un lado, en lo que se refiere a los procedimientos de aplicación pública, las autoridades de competencia deben informar con prontitud tanto de la apertura de investigaciones por la posible infracción de las prohibiciones como de las decisiones adoptadas. En particular, con la adecuada protección y respeto de los derechos que eventualmente pudieran verse afectados, las decisiones sancionadoras deben ser públicas con celeridad y deben proporcionar una descripción completa de las conductas sancionadas y de sus responsables. De otro lado, en lo que atañe a los procedimientos de aplicación privada, las decisiones de los jueces y tribunales resolviendo las acciones en que se soliciten remedios basados en la aplicación de las prohibiciones de conductas anticompetitivas deberían hacerse públicas con celeridad. La salvaguarda y adecuada protección de los intereses privados afectados por las infracciones de las prohibiciones de conductas anticompetitivas y su efectividad aconsejan una difusión rápida de la interposición de acciones judiciales y de las resoluciones que se vayan dictando por los tribunales. Resulta, por tanto, adecuado la introducción de mecanismos que favorezcan el conocimiento y la difusión de los autos y sentencias dictados en esta materia.
The effect of subcutaneous fluid therapy versus intravenous fluid therapy on dehydration in elderly people in nursing homes.
Creators: name: Holmelid, Gro
name: Hauge, Laila
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The aim of this systematic review is to study the effect of subcutaneous fluid therapy versus intravenous fluid therapy in elderly people in nursing homes.
A comprehensive study to determine the digital health landscape regarding architectures and standards in middle- and high- income countries for adaptation for low-income resourced countries: A systematic review
Creators: name: Kiwanuka, Achilles
name: Moses, Bagyendera
name: Alunyu, Andrew
name: Wamema, Joseph
name: Mercy, Amiyo
name: Kambugu, Andrew
name: Nabukenya, Josephine
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: A systematic review protocol for a comprehensive study to determine the digital health landscape regarding architectures and standards in middle- and high- income countries for adaptation for low-income resourced countries.
Density profiles, dynamics, and condensation in the ZRP conditioned on an atypical current
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Ori
name: Mukamel, David
name: Schütz, Gunter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymmetric zero-range process (ZRP) with L sites and open boundaries, conditioned to carry an atypical current. Using a generalized Doob h-transform we compute explicitly the transition rates of an effective process for which the conditioned dynamics are typical. This effective process is a zero-range process with renormalized hopping rates, which are space dependent even when the original rates are constant. This leads to non-trivial density profiles in the steady state of the conditioned dynamics, and, under generic conditions on the jump rates of the unconditioned ZRP, to an intriguing supercritical bulk region where condensates can grow. These results provide a microscopic perspective on macroscopic fluctuation theory (MFT) for the weakly asymmetric case: It turns out that the predictions of MFT remain valid in the non-rigorous limit of finite asymmetry. In addition, the microscopic results yield the correct scaling factor for the asymmetry that MFT cannot predict.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
Why France and not Germany? A case study of the far-right
Creators: name: Buechner, Jonathan Miguel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The conflicts structuring European society since the 1980s such as identity and immigration have affected countries in a parallel manner in response to globalization, known as the emerging transnational cleavage. However, why do far-right parties find great success in some countries related to this new cleavage and limited or no success in similar countries? Examining France and Germany, this comparative study deservedly draws national characteristics like history and culture to center-stage. By re-evaluating extant literature with this new perspective, this research has found that while the transnational cleavage was present in both countries, Germany was hindered by a strong institutional resistance to National Socialism, rife with internal party disputes, and a difficult federal structure for far-right parties to find success past the local level. Meanwhile, France was successful in constructing a winning ideology with stable party leadership resulting in permanent institutionalization.
Tracking Obesity and its Related Health Concerns from Childhood to Adulthood: Lasting Effects, Reversibility, and Implications for the Clinician
Creators: name: Ziehme, Dylan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Pediatric Nursing
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Exercise Science
subject: Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition
subject: Systems and Integrative Physiology Life Sciences
subject: Family Practice Nursing
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Exercise Physiology
subject: Diseases
subject: Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Cardiovascular Diseases
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Medical Physiology
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: Endocrine System Diseases
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
subject: Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Endocrinology
subject: Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Immune System Diseases
subject: adiposity
subject: adolescent
subject: adolescent health
subject: Alzheimer's Disease
subject: atherosclerosis
subject: blood pressure
subject: cardiometabolic disease
subject: childhood obesity
subject: chronic low-level inflammation
subject: exercise medicine
subject: exercise physiology
subject: inflammation
subject: insulin resistance
subject: metabolic syndrome
subject: narrative review
subject: obesity
subject: obstructive sleep apnea
subject: pediatric CVD
subject: pediatric exercise physiology
subject: pediatric obesity
subject: post-diabetes
subject: remission
subject: reversibility
subject: thyroid dysfunction
subject: type 2 diabetes mellitus
subject: type 3 diabetes

description: This review synthesizes what is known about tracking obesity, its comorbidities, and reversibility thereof in one paper with evidence-based recommendations for exercise prescription to promote remission.
Comparison and combination of real-time COVID19 forecasts in Germany and Poland
Creators: name: Bracher, Johannes
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: COVID-19
subject: Forecasting
subject: Infectious Disease

description: Short-term forecasts of cases, deaths and hospitalizations can improve situational awareness and provide an additional element to inform public health decision making during the COVID19 pandemic. While early in the pandemic only few prediction models were available, there is now a growing number of forecasts based on diverse methods and data streams. This project consists in a systematic comparison of such forecasts made for Germany and Poland. The main goals are the following: - create a database of standardized and comparable short-term forecasts. - assess the degree of agreement or disagreement between different forecasts. - systematically and quantitatively evaluate forecasts in order to identify particularly reliable prediction methods. - assess whether combinations of different forecasts (ensemble forecasts) can lead to improved predictive performance. This pre-registration serves to ensure a transparent set of rules and criteria to guide this collaborative study. Many technical and methodological aspects of this project follow the US COVID19 Forecast Hub (https://covid19forecasthub.org/). We aim for compatibility with work from the US in terms of forecast targets, evaluation and various technical aspects.
Supplementary Materials and Chain files; A High Quality Asian Genome Assembly identifies the Features of Common Missing Regions
Creators: name: Jina Kim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: 1. Supplementary Materials(Supplementay Figures, Supplementary Tables) 2. The chain file between GRCh 38.p12 and AK1 genome ; A High Quality Asian Genome Assembly identifies the Features of Common Missing Regions
description: 1. The Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE, Korea) : 10050164 2. Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning : NRF-2017R1A2B2002136 3. The Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education : NO. 2019R1A6A3A13093761
Cavity-excited Huygens' metasurface antennas: near-unity aperture efficiency from arbitrarily-large apertures
Creators: name: Epstein, Ariel
name: Wong, Joseph P. S.
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the long-standing problems in antenna engineering is the realization of highly-directive beams using low-profile devices. In this paper we provide a solution to this problem by means of Huygens' metasurfaces (HMSs), based on the equivalence principle. This principle states that a given excitation can be transformed to a desirable aperture field by inducing suitable electric and magnetic surface currents. Building on this concept, we propose and demonstrate cavity-excited HMS antennas, where the single-source cavity excitation is designed to optimize aperture illumination, while the HMS facilitates the current distribution that ensures phase purity of aperture fields. The HMS breaks the coupling between the excitation and radiation spectrum typical to standard partially-reflecting surfaces, allowing tailoring of the aperture properties to produce a desirable radiation pattern. As shown, a single semianalytical formalism can be followed to achieve control of a variety of radiation features, such as the direction of the main beam or the side lobe level, by proper modification of the HMS and the source position. Relying on a cavity excitation, this can be achieved without incurring edge-taper losses and without any degradation of the aperture illumination for arbitrarily-large apertures. With the recent demonstrations of Huygens' metasurfaces at microwave, terahertz, and optical frequencies, the proposed low-profile design may find its use in a myriad of applications across the electromagnetic spectrum, from highly-directive antennas to highly-efficient quantum-dot emitters, reaching near-unity aperture efficiencies.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
The Effects of Criminal Violence on Executive Approval: Aggregate- and Individual-Level Analyses of Public Opinion in Mexico
Creators: name: Mendez, Luigi Antonio
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: How does criminal violence affect how citizens evaluate the president? Through aggregate- and individual-level analyses of public opinion surveys in Mexico I find that criminal violence has a negative effect on approval. Moreover, I find that this effect is mediated by two intervening variables: the state of the economy and the spatial distribution of crime. Aggregate-level data shows that the negative effect of crime on approval is stronger when inflation and unemployment are low, as crime diverts attention from economic indicators when the economy is doing well. Meanwhile, individual-level data highlights significant spatial heterogeneity within the public when it comes to the salience of public security in their evaluations of the president. The findings for Mexico in 2007 and 2008 suggest that individuals in high violence regions will weigh perceived executive performance on security more heavily in their overall assessment of the president.
Critical Velocity and Dissipation of an ultracold Bose-Fermi Counterflow
Creators: name: Delehaye, Marion
name: Laurent, Sébastien
name: Ferrier-Barbut, Igor
name: Jin, Shuwei
name: Chevy, Frédéric
name: Salomon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of counterflowing bosonic and fermionic lithium atoms. First, by tuning the interaction strength we measure the critical velocity vc of the system in the BEC-BCS crossover in the low temperature regime and we compare it to the recent prediction of Castin et al., Comptes Rendus Physique, 16, 241 (2015). Second, raising the temperature of the mixture slightly above the superfluid transitions reveals an unexpected phase-locking of the oscillations of the clouds. We interpret this observation as resulting from a Zeno-like effect induced by dissipation.
Ambient Noise Tomography in Northeastern United States
Creators: name: Wang, Tianqi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The tectonic structure of the crust in the northeast region of the US is both compositionally complex and tectonically stable relative to lithospheric structures that formed during earlier geological periods. Data from the EarthScope Transportable Array collected in 2014 are used to calculate a three-dimensional shear velocity model of the crust and upper mantle in the northeastern United States. We apply ambient noise tomography and receiver function techniques to determine the Rayleigh wave phase velocities and the 3D inversion using crustal thicknesses determined from previous body wave tomography. The spatial distribution of the structures determined by this model is well-correlated to the observed geology at the surface, including the Atlantic Coastal Plains, the Appalachians, and New England.      The lateral distribution and depth of several slow anomalies, determined by the tomographic inversion, within the crust of the middle Appalachians correlate Eocene volcanism. This is consistent with existing tomographic models. Since the model is highly sensitive to the crustal thickness, higher-resolved Moho depths used in this research provide a better explanation for the material below these volcanic structures. The tomography shows groups of slow velocities in the upper mantle in these regions, indicating the weaker structures introduced by the Eocene volcanism.      Slow anomalies detected under the Moho discontinuity in Adirondack and New England, correlate to the track of the Great Meteor Hotspot that passed the region approximately 100-130 Ma. Consistent with previous research, this study provides evidence that the Adirondack uplift is an outcome of the Great Meteor Hotspot.
SWARM Google Docs documents
Creators: name: Bush, Martin
name: Fidler, Fiona
name: Wintle, Bonnie
name: Fraser, Hannah
name: Burgman, Mark
name: Hanea, Anca
name: McBride, Marissa
name: Marcoci, Alexandru
name: Vercammen, Ans
name: Kruger, Ariel
name: Thomman, Sujai
name: Kambouris, Steven
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Publicly accessible documents for participants working on Google Docs
Charm in Deep-Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: Ball, Richard D.
name: Bonvini, Marco
name: Rottoli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to extend systematically the FONLL scheme for inclusion of heavy quark mass effects in DIS to account for the possible effects of an intrinsic charm component in the nucleon. We show that when there is no intrinsic charm, FONLL is equivalent to S-ACOT to any order in perturbation theory, while when an intrinsic charm component is included FONLL is identical to ACOT, again to all orders in perturbation theory. We discuss in detail the inclusion of top and bottom quarks to construct a variable flavour number scheme, and give explicit expressions for the construction of the structure functions $F^c_2$, $F^c_L$ and $F^c_3$ to NNLO.
description: 43 pages, 1 figure. Final JHEP version
A New Model for Strange Stars
Creators: name: Deb, Debabrata
name: Chowdhury, Sourav Roy
name: Ray, Saibal
name: Rahaman, Farook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we attempt to find a new class of solutions for the spherically symmetric perfect fluid sphere by employing the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM), a new tool via which the mass polynomial function facilitates to tackle the Einstein field equations. A set of interior solutions found on the basis of the simplest MIT bag model equation of state (EOS) in the form $p=\frac{1}{3}(ρ-4B)$ where $B$ is the bag constant. The proposed interior metric for the stellar system is consistent with the exterior Schwarzschild spacetime on the boundary. In addition, we also conduct a detailed study on different tests, viz. the energy conditions, TOV equation, adiabatic index, Buchdahl limit, etc., to verify the physical validity of the proposed model. The numerical value of the used parameters is predicted for different strange star candidates, for different chosen values of the bag constant. In a nutshell, by exploiting HPM technique first time ever in the field of relativistic astrophysics, we have predicted in the present literature a singularity-free and stable stellar model which is suitable to describe ultra-dense objects, like strange (quark) stars.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, major revision
Loop groups and noncommutative geometry
Creators: name: Carpi, Sebastiano
name: Hillier, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46L87, 46L80, 19K35, 22E67, 81T05

description: We describe the representation theory of loop groups in terms of K-theory and noncommutative geometry. This is done by constructing suitable spectral triples associated with the level l projective unitary positive-energy representations of any given loop group $LG$. The construction is based on certain supersymmetric conformal field theory models associated with LG in the setting of conformal nets. We then generalize the construction to many other rational chiral conformal field theory models including coset models and the moonshine conformal net.
description: Revised version
PROLONGED SITTING WITH OR WITHOUT HIGH GLYCEMIC INDEX MEAL AND THE ACUTE EFFECTS ON CEREBROVASCULAR FUNCTION IN HEALTHY ADULTS
Creators: name: Burnet, Kathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The study purpose was to determine if prolonged (3-hr) sitting (a) resulted in a decreased total brain blood flow (QBF) and executive function, and (b) whether this decrease is exacerbated by a high glycemic index meal (HGI). Subjects (n=18) participated in a HGI and low glycemic index (LGI) condition. Doppler Ultrasound was used to measure QBF using the equation: [(ICA blood flow + VA blood flow) x 2 (ml min-1)]. Executive function was assessed using the Stroop Task and Trail Making using the Trail Making Test – Part B. QBF decreased during sitting, as shown through the LGI condition, but increased in HGI, with a condition effect (P=0.04). No differences were observed in the Stroop and Trail Making tests. Future studies are needed that measure total brain blood flow, cerebral blood flow velocity, perfusion and autoregulation simultaneously to help further understand the effects of prolonged sitting on cerebrovascular function.
Newcomer Candidate: Characterizing Contributions of a Novice Developer to GitHub
Creators: name: rehman, ifraz
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Software Engineering
subject: GitHub
subject: newcomers
subject: Open Source Software

description: Context: To attract, onboard, and retain any new-comer in Open Source Software (OSS) projects is vital to their livelihood. Recent studies conclude that OSS projects risk failure due to abandonment and poor participation of newcomers. Evidence suggests more new users are joining GitHub, however, the extent to which they contribute to OSS projects is unknown. Objective: In this study, we coin the term‘newcomer candidate to describe new users to the GitHub platform. Our objective is to track and characterize their initial contributions. As a preliminary survey, we collected 208 newcomer candidate contributions in GitHub. Using this dataset, we then plan to track their contributions to reveal insights. Method: We will use a mixed-methods approach, i.e., quantitative and qualitative, to identify whether or not newcomer candidates practice social coding, the kinds of their contributions, projects they target, and the proportion that they eventually onboard to an OSS project. Limitations: The key limitation is that our newcomer candidates are restricted to those that were collected from ourpreliminary survey.
TRAILBLAZERS ON THE HILL: A HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN OF WOMEN’S SPORT PROGRAMS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL FROM 1921 TO 1972
Creators: name: Sessoms, Sarah James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Sarah Sessoms: Trailblazers on the Hill: A history of the origin of women’s sport programs at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1921 to 1972.      (Under the Direction of Barbara Osborne, J.D.)      The purpose of this study is to use the photographic archives to discover more of the rich history of women’s athletics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill prior to the enactment of Title IX. This study will create a timeline of women’s participation in sport at UNC from the early 1920s to the 1970s, while striving to understand how these women embodied the feminist movement locally, regionally and nationally. The women who played and pushed for equal opportunities to play, even before the advent of Title IX, were creating the foundation for one of the most successful collegiate athletics programs in the country. Understanding this foundation gives context to the monumental importance of Title IX to college athletics, helps to highlight the importance of women in athletics, and provides a glimpse of women’s pathway to equality.
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Weidmann & Callen (2013)
Creators: name: Somo, Angela
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The relationship between (in)security and election fraud should be in the form of an inverted U-shape. Fraud increases with violence up to a certain level, but then decreases again (Hypothesis 1). This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "It predicts (i) that the relationship between violence and fraud follows an inverted U-shape and (ii) that loyalty networks of both incumbent and challenger react differently to the security situation on the ground. Disaggregated violence and election results data from the 2009 Afghanistan presidential election provide empirical results consistent with this theory." The claim is tested with the logit models presented in Table 2. The dependent variable is a binary measure of fraud, calculated by grouping polling stations by district and applying the Beber–Scacco last-digit test to the total vote count. The dependent variable takes the value of 1 if this test is significant at the 5 per cent level for a particular district. The authors measure violence as the number of attacks per capita against the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). In Model 1 (the model selected as evidence for the SCORE program), it is included in both linear and squared form. In conjunction with a positive and significant coefficient for the linear term, the claim is tested with the coefficient on the squared term (see Model 1 for specification details). Model 1 confirms Hypothesis 1, since the linear term of the violence measure receives a positive and significant coefficient, and the squared term a negative one (coefficient on Violence (election, squared) term = -13.748, SE clustered at the regional command level = 4.720, p < 0.01).
ms2: A molecular simulation tool for thermodynamic properties, new version release
Creators: name: Glass, Colin W.
name: Reiser, Steffen
name: Rutkai, Gábor
name: Deublein, Stephan
name: Köster, Andreas
name: Carrión, Gabriela Guevara
name: Wafai, Amer
name: Horsch, Martin
name: Bernreuther, Martin F.
name: Windmann, Thorsten
name: Hasse, Hans
name: Vrabec, Jadran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new version release (2.0) of the molecular simulation tool ms2 [S. Deublein et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 182 (2011) 2350] is presented. Version 2.0 of ms2 features a hybrid parallelization based on MPI and OpenMP for molecular dynamics simulation to achieve higher scalability. Furthermore, the formalism by Lustig [R. Lustig, Mol. Phys. 110 (2012) 3041] is implemented, allowing for a systematic sampling of Massieu potential derivatives in a single simulation run. Moreover, the Green-Kubo formalism is extended for the sampling of the electric conductivity and the residence time. To remove the restriction of the preceding version to electro-neutral molecules, Ewald summation is implemented to consider ionic long range interactions. Finally, the sampling of the radial distribution function is added.
COLLEGIATE FEMALE TEAM COACH PERCEPTIONS OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION
Creators: name: Dwyer, Olivia Nicole
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Over forty years after the passing of Title IX, there is still a lack of gender equity at the intercollegiate level of athletics. The purpose of this research was to examine the perceptions of gender discrimination among the coaches of female athletes at the intercollegiate level. This study examined the perceptions of 243 NCAA Division I, Power 5 conference coaches of female athletes concerning gender discrimination on their campuses through a survey. The results indicated that, overall, coaches are still experiencing gender discrimination through both their own experiences and their athletes’. Results indicated a lack of Title IX education for these coaches. Additionally, male coaches were more likely to believe resources were equal than were females. This study attempted to emphasize the need to further Title IX education to reduce gender discrimination and further the ability for coaches to advocate for their female student-athletes.
Far points and discretely generated spaces
Creators: name: Dow, Alan
name: Hernández-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D35, 54A25, 54G12, 54D80, 03E10, 03E75

description: We give a partial solution to a question by Alas, Junqueria and Wilson by proving that under PFA the one-point compactification of a locally compact, discretely generated and countably tight space is also discretely generated. After this, we study the cardinal number given by the smallest possible character of remote and far sets of separable metrizable spaces. Finally, we prove that in some cases a countable space has far points.
Fetal auditory learning: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ganga, Rachida
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Linguistics
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Phonetics and Phonology
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Child Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: auditory
subject: early postnatal
subject: fetal
subject: fetus
subject: fetusses
subject: infant
subject: language
subject: learning
subject: neonate
subject: neonates
subject: perception
subject: phoneme
subject: prenatal
subject: systematic review

description: Preregistration of our systematic review on fetal and neonatal evidence for prenatal auditory learning that is of importance in language learning.
OMG break a leggg lol: Digital discourse-pragmatic variation in a theater-based community of practice
Creators: name: Wolf, Simon N
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This thesis investigates the structure and use of language in the digital correspondences of a university community centered around the practice of making theater. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach combining variationist and interactional sociolinguistic techniques, this study analyzes the function of three digital language phenomena (LOL, OMG, and typographic lengthening). All three variables are shown to position discourse participants in relation to the broader community audience while contributing their particular pragmatic meanings to an interaction. Both LOL and OMG are also shown to be sensitive to syntactic structure and at times to serve as discourse markers. In addition, use of “digital language features” is shown to be significantly impacted by relative chronology, discourse structure, and (to a limited extent) community role. These results provide support for ongoing processes of grammaticalization in digital discourse and demonstrate the importance of digital language and discourse for building ties in this community of student artists.
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Pennycook, G., McPhetres, J., Zhang, Y., Lu, J. G., & Rand, D. G. (2020), in Psychological Science
Creators: name: Talbert, Eli
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We selected the claim that in Study 2, subtly inducing people to consider the concept of accuracy reduced their likelihood to consider sharing false headlines related to COVID-19. This reflects the following statement from the paper’s abstract: “In the control, participants were equally like to say they would share false versus true headlines at COVID-19 whereas, in the treatment, sharing of true headlines was significantly higher than false headlines.” All analyses are conducted at the level of the rating, using linear regression with robust standard errors clustered on participants and headline. Sharing intentions are rescaled such that 1 on the 6-point Likert scale is 0 and 6 on the 6-point Likert scale is 1. This analysis yielded a significant positive interaction between headline veracity and treatment, F(1,14928)=13.28, p=.0003, such that the treatment increased sharing discernment. The focal test in the original paper is: a significant positive interaction between headline veracity and treatment, F(1,14928)=13.28, p=.0003, such that the treatment increased sharing discernment.