cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Yes/no questions in Mandarin Chinese revisited
Creators: name: Gasde, Horst-Dieter
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This article discusses some syntactic peculiarities of Chinese yes/no questions. Starting from the observation that Standard Mandarin shares significant typological features with prototypical SOV languages, Chinese is treated as an underlyingly verb-final language. Based on this heuristic principle, A-not-AB, AB-not-A and AB-not questions are uniformly derived by means of one simple raising rule that operates within the sentence constituent V'. This novel idea is elaborated on in great detail in the first part of the article. In contrast to the prevailing trend, it is argued that the question operator contained in A-not-A and A-not sentences CANNOT be raised to "Comp". In consequence, A-not-A and A-not questions are "typed" in the head position of a sentence-internal functional phrase that we call Force2 Phrase (F2P) in the present paper. This position is not to be confused with Drubig's (1994) Polarity 1 Phrase (PollP), in the head position of which assertive negations and an abstract affirmative element are located. The existence of a head position F2° other than Poll° is supported by the fact that F2° can be occupied by certain overt question operators, such as assertive shi-bu-shi, which are compatible with negations. In contrast to the assertive question operator shi-bu-shi which is obligatorily associated with information focus, non-assertive shi-bu-shi serves as a compound focus and question operator whose focus feature is complex insofar as it is composed of two subfeatures: a contrastivity and an exhaustivity subfeature. Non-assertive shi-bu-shi is obligatorily associated with identificational focus in the sense of Kiss (1998). In accordance with some basic ideas of Chomsky's checking theory, the two subfeatures of the complex focus feature carried by the non-assertive shi-bu-shi operator check a correlating subfeature in the head position of a corresponding functional phrase (Contrastive Phrase and Focus Phrase, respectively). The question feature contained in the non-assertive shi-bu-shi operator is attracted by the head of Force1 Phrase (F1') at the level of LF. Due to the fact that F1° is sentence-final, the question feature of non-assertive shi-bu-shi must be Chomsky-adjoined to F1'. Unlike identificational focus phrases which are inherently contrastive, topics are non-contrastive in the default case. As separate speech acts, they are located in a c-commanding position outside the sentence structure. Semantically, there is a difference between Frame-Setting Topics and Aboutness Topics. As shown in the article, both A-not-A and A-not questions on the one hand and yes/no questions ending with ma on the other can be used in neutral and non-neutral contexts. The decisive advantage of mu questions, however, is that their question operator has scope over the whole sentence.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 24 (2001): Sentence type and specificity
Discovery, Photometry, and Kinematics of Planetary Nebulae in M 82
Creators: name: Johnson, L. C.
name: Mendez, R. H.
name: Teodorescu, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an [OIII]5007 on-band/off-band filter technique, we identify 109 planetary nebulae (PNe) candidates in M 82, using the FOCAS instrument at the 8.2m Subaru Telescope. The use of ancillary high-resolution HST ACS H-alpha imaging aided in discriminating PNe from contaminants such as supernova remnants and compact HII regions. Once identified, these PNe reveal a great deal about the host galaxy; our analysis covers kinematics, stellar distribution, and distance determination. Radial velocities were determined for 94 of these PNe using a method of slitless spectroscopy, from which we obtain a clear picture of the galaxy's rotation. Overall, our results agree with those derived by CO(2-1) and HI measurements that show a falling, near-Keplerian rotation curve. However, we find a subset of our PNe that appear to lie far above the plane (~1 kpc), yet these objects appear to be rotating as fast as objects close to the plane. These objects will require further study to determine if they are members of a halo population, or if they can be interpreted as a manifestation of a thickened disk as a consequence of a past interaction with M 81. In addition, [OIII]5007 emission line photometry of the PNe allows the construction of a planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF). Our PNLF distance determination for M 82 yields a larger distance than those derived using the TRGB, using Cepheid variable stars in nearby group member M 81, or using the PNLF of M 81. We show that this inconsistency most likely stems from our inability to completely correct for internal extinction imparted by this dusty, starburst galaxy. (Abridged)
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, Accepted by ApJ
In the right mood, in the right place
Creators: name: Coniglio, Marco
name: De Bastiani, Chiara
name: Hinterhölzl, Roland
name: Weskott, Thomas
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: While mood alternations in older Germanic languages are indicators of the (in)dependent status of the clause, verb placement is often considered as the reflex of information structure. In modern Germanic languages, the situation has changed: verb placement (and not mood alternation) reflects the different clausal status. This paper reports on a first attempt at an empirical investigation of the different stages of Old English and Old High German in this diachronic process.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 1-13 (2021): Proceedings of the 20th Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Absence of localization in a disordered one-dimensional ring threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm flux
Creators: name: Heinrichs, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absence of localization is demonstrated analytically to leading order in weak disorder in a one-dimensional Anderson model of a ring threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm (A-B) flux. The result follows from adapting an earlier perturbation treatment of disorder in a superconducting ring subjected to an imaginary vector potential proportional to a depinning field for flux lines bound to random columnar defects parallel to the axis of the ring. The absence of localization in the ring threaded by an A-B flux for sufficiently weak disorder is compatible with large free electron type persistent current obtained in recent studies of the above model.
Exclamative clauses at the syntax-semantics interface
Creators: name: Zanuttini, Raffaella
name: Portner, Paul
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: Exclamative clauses exhibit a structural diversity which raises the question of whether they form a clause type in the sense of Sadock & Zwicky (1985). Based on data from English, Italian, and Paduan, we argue that the class of exclamatives is syntactically characterizable in terms of a pair of abstract syntactic properties. Moreover, we propose that these properties encode two components of meaning which uniquely define the semantics and pragmatics of exclarnatives. Overall, our paper is a contribution to the study of the syntaxlsemantics interface and offers a new perspective on the notion of clause type.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 24 (2001): Sentence type and specificity
MSSM Forecast for the LHC
Creators: name: Cabrera, Maria Eugenia
name: Casas, Alberto
name: de Austri, Roberto Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a forecast of the MSSM with universal soft terms (CMSSM) for the LHC, based on an improved Bayesian analysis. We do not incorporate ad hoc measures of the fine-tuning to penalize unnatural possibilities: such penalization arises from the Bayesian analysis itself when the experimental value of $M_Z$ is considered. This allows to scan the whole parameter space, allowing arbitrarily large soft terms. Still the low-energy region is statistically favoured (even before including dark matter or g-2 constraints). Contrary to other studies, the results are almost unaffected by changing the upper limits taken for the soft terms. The results are also remarkable stable when using flat or logarithmic priors, a fact that arises from the larger statistical weight of the low-energy region in both cases. Then we incorporate all the important experimental constrains to the analysis, obtaining a map of the probability density of the MSSM parameter space, i.e. the forecast of the MSSM. Since not all the experimental information is equally robust, we perform separate analyses depending on the group of observables used. When only the most robust ones are used, the favoured region of the parameter space contains a significant portion outside the LHC reach. This effect gets reinforced if the Higgs mass is not close to its present experimental limit and persits when dark matter constraints are included. Only when the g-2 constraint (based on $e^+e^-$ data) is considered, the preferred region (for $μ>0$) is well inside the LHC scope. We also perform a Bayesian comparison of the positive- and negative-$μ$ possibilities.
description: 42 pages: added figures and references
Horizontal networks and collaborative marketing in the Tasmanian wine industry
Creators: name: Lewis, Gemma
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Organisation and management theory

description: In the past thirty or so years, an increasing number of organisations have formed business-to-business relationships as an alternative to traditional market exchange. Much of the literature in this area focuses on the nature of dyadic relationships or vertical networks between heterogeneous businesses in a supply chain. Far less research has examined how competitors interact at a network level, and, more specifically, why these organisations would choose to engage in collaborative marketing. This thesis examines the nature of horizontal networks and collaborative marketing in the context of the Tasmanian wine industry. It uses network theory to explore the phenomena of interproducer relationships within a specific wine region of Australia. The research is guided by the following questions: why do Tasmanian wine producers join horizontal networks, what types of collaborative marketing do Tasmanian wine producers engage in within horizontal networks, and what factors affect collaborative marketing between Tasmanian wine producers in horizontal networks. Qualitative data were gathered via in-depth interviews with firstly, industry informants, and secondly, individual wine producing businesses. These data were supplemented with information drawn from websites, industry publications, and news sources. A key aim of the study was to explore how horizontal networks are perceived by Tasmanian wine producers, and to what extent these businesses engage in collaborative marketing. Analysis of the data revealed that there are three horizontal networks within the Tasmanian wine industry, which are all of a formal nature. While these networks share a similar purpose, there was divergence between how successful each network’s attempts at collaborative marketing had been. Furthermore, certain horizontal networks in the industry boasted higher levels of member trust, commitment, mutual benefit, and camaraderie. These factors have led to differences in the way each network is perceived, and the benefits of collaboration each offers. Parallels between Tasmania’s only statewide industry association and the state’s largest sub-regional network, have resulted in some conflict and rivalry which, going forward, may restrict the implementation of collaborative marketing at a state-wide level.
Constraints on Old English Genitive Variation
Creators: name: Ceolin, Andrea
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: Syntactic variation has been described as the result of competition between different grammars (Kroch 1989, 2001), which produces S-curves over time when the relative frequency of one variety is plotted on a two-dimensional graph. In a few instances, scholars have pointed to syntactic alternations which are not associated with different grammars, but can still exhibit S-shaped curves over time (Tagliamonte and D'Arcy 2009). In particular, recent works have focused on English genitive alternation as a case of syntactic variable which must be analyzed with reference to semantic (Stefanowitsch 2003), information (Biber 2003), weight (Rosenbach 2005), animacy (Rosenbach 2008), register (Jankowski 2013, Szmrecsanyi 2013) and phonetic (Jankowski and Tagliamonte 2014) factors. We might ask whether looking at historical corpora, we can always distinguish between syntactic alternations which are a symptom of grammar in competition, and alternations for which extra-grammatical explanations are required instead. Interestingly, the alternation between prenominal and postnominal genitives can be traced back to Old English. In particular, while early Old English manuscripts exhibit both prenominal and postnominal genitives, it has been noted that postnominal genitives were reducing in frequency in favor of prenominal ones in late manuscripts. In the light of the new work on Present-day English genitive variation, we might ask whether this change in frequency was the result of a grammar in competition scenario, or if this change requires an extra-grammatical explanation.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 1-13 (2021): Proceedings of the 20th Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Database ATBC2019
Creators: name: RAVELOMANANA, Andrianjaka
name: Hajanirina, Rakotomanana
name: Herman Rafalinirina, Andry
name: Hariveloniaina Razanamaro, Onja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310301
subject: Behavioural ecology
classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)

description: This was collected during the registration of the international conference ATBC 2019 and Post survey from the questionnaire we edited
(De)accenting definite descriptions
Creators: name: Umbach, Carla
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This paper focuses on definite descriptions. It will be shown that a definite description refers to a given discourse referent if the descriptive content is completely deaccented. But if there is a focussed element within the descriptive content it introduces a novel referent. This amounts to allowing two readings for definite descriptions without, however, allowing two readings for the definite article.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
From paratoxic to paradoxes (and vice versa) Presentation of the exhibition at Benaki Museum, Athens
Creators: name: Argyropoulou; Nadja
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017
Subjects: Exhibition
Queer
Nature
Contemporary art
Athens
Benaki Museum

description: The exhibition Paratoxic Paradoxes was curated by Nadja Argyropoulou, and presents works she commissioned for the Polyeco Contemporary Art Initiative (PCAI) between 2014 and 2017. The exhibition was organized by PCAI and the Benaki Museum in Athens, Greece (23 March – 21 May 2017). Exhibition coordination: Loraini Alimantiri. Exhibition design: Nadja Argyropoulou with Malvina Panagiotidi. Virtual dumpsite design: Vassiliki Maria Plavou and Eva Papamargariti. Graphic works: Em Kei. The text, From Paratoxic to Paradoxes (and vice versa), is a walk through the curatorial idea and a presentation of the exhibition.
Introduction
Creators: name: Crisma, Paola
name: Longobardi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: The 20th edition of the Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) conference, whose proceedings we present here, was held in York in June 2018. It was not by chance that York was chosen to host the 20th edition: the series of DiGS conferences was indeed inaugurated in York in the Spring of 1990 through the initiative of our colleague Adrian Battye as the local host, with the cooperation of Ian Roberts, then a professor at Bangor University. One of the present issue’s editors, Giuseppe Longobardi, was there, together with a relatively small but enthusiastic group of linguists sharing the feeling that there was something missing in generative syntax, and there was a niche to fill. Paola Crisma’s first attendance was the third edition, held in Amsterdam in 1994, and, as happened to many others, DiGS became for her a valued intellectual habit. Here we want to sketch, in a very partial and inevitably personal reconstruction, some important events and trends which have occurred around the DiGS conferences and community and have shaped the field of formal historical syntax over the past three decades.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 1-13 (2021): Proceedings of the 20th Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Correction by contrastive focus
Creators: name: Steube, Anita
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: 'Correction' is the name of a sentence with contrastive focus' the phonological/phonetic realization of which is a single contrastive pitch accent. These sentences predominantly appear in (fictional) dialogues. The first speaker uses grammatical entities against which the next speaker protests with a sentence nearly identical except that it contains a prosodically marked corrective element. This paper makes contrastive focus visible by means of 'KF' (contrastive focus).
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Indefiniteness and specificity in Old Italian texts
Creators: name: Stark, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: Object of this study is the marking of nominal indefiniteness in Old Italian, more precisely Old Tuscan texts, in three collections of novellas.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Question/answer congruence and the semantics of wh-phrases
Creators: name: Reich, Ingo
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This paper is about the semantics of wh-phrases. It is argued that wh-phrases should not be analyzed as indefinites as, for example, Karttunen (1977) and many others have done, but as functional expressions with an indefinite core -their function being to restrict possible focus/background structures in direct or congruent answers. This will be argued for on the basis of observations made with respect to the distribution of term answers in well-formed question/answer sequences. This claim having been established, it will be integrated in a categorial variant of Schwarzschild's (1999) information-theoretic approach to F-marking and accent placement, and – second – its consequences with respect to the focus/background structure of wh-questions will be outlined.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Generalized and specialized adverbial resumption in Middle High German and beyond
Creators: name: Catasso, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: The paper discusses specialized and generalized adverbial resumption (Salvesen 2016) in Middle High German, focusing on two correlative elements derived from originally referential-deictic adverbs, dô (lit. ‘there’, ‘then’) and sô (lit. ‘so’). I show that while the former only resumes temporal and local (and, to a certain extent, causal) antecedents and can, thus, be classified as a specialized item, the latter exhibits ‘hyper-referentiality’, in the sense that it is compatible with virtually any type of antecedent (e.g. temporal, conditional, causal, concessive, etc.). On the basis of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of corpus data including adverbial correlative patterns extracted from the Referenzkorpus Mittelhochdeutsch, as well as of independent assumptions on the makeup of the left periphery in Historical German, I propose that (at least this type of) resumption is the non-pronominal counterpart of German left dislocation. Assuming a derivation à la Grewendorf (2002), I claim that both resumptives are maximal projections. In particular, they are base-generated in the middle field of the clause together with the to-be-fronted XP and ‘stranded’ in [Spec,FinP], while the adjunct antecedent moves up higher to a CP-internal [Spec,FrameP]. Finally, a central claim of this paper is that dô behaves consistently throughout the history of German with respect to its resumptive function, whereas sô gradually switches from a universal to a specialized element (in PDG, it can only resume conditional and concessive adjuncts).
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 1-13 (2021): Proceedings of the 20th Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
MPEC 2025-G24 : 2015 FN496
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Spin polarized current and Andreev transmission in planar superconducting/ferromagnetic Nb/Ni junctions
Creators: name: González, E. M.
name: Folgueras, A. D.
name: Escudero, R.
name: Ferrer, J.
name: Guinea, F.
name: Vicent, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the tunnelling current in Nb/Nb$_x$O$_y$/Ni planar tunnel junctions at different temperatures. The junctions are in the intermediate transparency regime. We have extracted the current polarization of the metal/ferromagnet junction without applying a magnetic field. We have used a simple theoretical model, that provides consistent fitting parameters for the whole range of temperatures analyzed. We have also been able to gain insight into the microscopic structure of the oxide barriers of our junctions.%
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Topicality and (non-)specificity in Mandarin
Creators: name: Portner, Paul
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: Current analyses of specificity are unable to provide an explanatory account for why specific and nonspecific uses of indefinites are available. While Abusch (1994), Reinhart (1997), and Kratzer (1998) provide successful mechanisms for deriving specific readings, they do not provide a fundamental explanation for the availability of this mechanism. This is due to the fact that specific indefinites are treated as involving an interpretive component or procedure unique to themselves: storage (Abusch) or choice function (Reinhart and Kratzer), for example. It would be preferable if specific indefinites could be understood as deriving from the use of independently motivated meaning components and interpretive mechanisms. Here I will pursue the idea, building on Portner & Yabushita (1998), that specificity has to do with the indefinite's interaction with a topical domain (note similarities with the proposals of Enç 1991, Cresti 1995, and Schwarzschild 2000). In this conception, specificity is a matter of degree: the narrower the topical domain, the more specific the indefinite. More precisely, sentences containing specific indefinites will be understood as involving ordinary existential quantification in combination with a topical domain function.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
One dimensional hydrodynamical model including phase transition
Creators: name: Suzuki, Naomichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical solution of one dimensional hydrodynamical model is derived, where phase transition from the QGP state to the hadronic state is effectively taken into account. The single particle rapidity distribution of charged $π$ mesons observed in relativistic heavy ion collisions is analyzed by the model. Space-time development of the fluid is also investigated.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Information structure and the referential status of bare plurals
Creators: name: Moreno, Norberto
name: Pérez, Isabel
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: The goal of this paper is to study the influence of information structure in the referential status of linguistic expressions such as bare plurals and indefinite NPs in Spanish. In particular, we will argue for the following claims: (a) Spanish bare plurals can receive a generic interpretation in object position and (b) Spanish bare plurals in object position can be topics in siru. We will focus on object position because of the well known semantic and syntactic constraints that affect preverbal subject bare plurals in Spanish.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Sentence mood constitution and indefinite noun phrases
Creators: name: Lohnstein, Horst
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: Sentence mood in German is a complex category that is determined by various components of the grammatical system. In particular, verbal mood, the position of the finite verb and the wh-characteristics of the so called 'Vorfeld'-phrase are responsible for the constitution of sentence mood in German. This article proposes a theory of sentence mood constitution in German and investigates the interaction between the pronominal binding of indefinite noun phrases which are semantically analyzed as choice functions. It is shown that the semantic objects determined by sentence mood define different kinds of domains which have to be uniquely accessible as the range of the choice function. The various properties of the pronominal binding of indefinites can be derived by the interplay of the proposed theoretical notions.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Scrambling and reference in German
Creators: name: Lenerz, Jürgen
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: Although the linear order of arguments (and adverbials) in German is relatively free, it underlies certain restrictions; these don’t apply to the so-called unmarked order for arguments (Lenerz 1977) and adverbials (Frey/Pittner 1998). It is a common assumption to take the unmarked order as basic and derive all other orders from it by scrambling, whatever its specific characteristics may be (cf., amongst others, Haider/Rosengren 1998). The observable restrictions obtaining for some linear ordering may then be considered as constraints on a movement operation (scrambling). [...] In the following, I will try to present the outlines of a possible explanation for the restriction, based on a proposal governing the proper referential interpretation of indefinite NPs.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Электромагнитный мониторинг в центре города Ялты
Creators: name: Гусева Т.А., Канониди Х.Д.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1996
Subjects: магнитное поле, магнитные измерения, , компонентные магнитометры, мониторинг окружающей среды

description: Доклад посвящен организации электромагнитного мониторинга окружающей среды на территории города Ялта. Мониторинг проводился с помощью аппаратуры изготовленной в ИЗМИРАН.
Information structure and the accessibility of clausally introduced referents
Creators: name: Hegarty, Michael
name: Gundel, Jeanette K.
name: Borthen, Kaja
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This paper will examine the role of various factors in affecting the salience, and hence the accessibility to pronominal reference, of entities introduced into a discourse by a full clause. We begin with the premise that the possibility of pronominal reference with it versus that depends on the cognitive status of the referent, in the sense of Gundel, Hedberg and Zacharski (1993). This formulation of the problem provides grounds for an explanation of the data presented above, and provides a framework within which we examine the role of various other factors in promoting the salience of a clausally introduced entity, including the information structure of the utterance in which the entity is introduced. For entities introduced by clausal complements to bridge verbs, we show that the information structure of the utterance introducing the entity has a partial, or one-sided, effect on the salience of the entity. When the complement clause is focal, the salience of the entity depends only on its referential givenness-newness (in the sense of Gundel 1988, 1999b), as we would expect. But when the complement clause is ground material, the salience of an entity introduced by the clause is enhanced. Other factors, including the presuppositionality of factive and interrogative complements, also serve to enhance the salience of entities introduced by complement clauses.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
On the force of V2 declaratives
Creators: name: Gärtner, Hans-Martin
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This paper discusses a variant of German V2 declaratives sharing properties with both subordinate relative clauses and main clauses. I argue that modal subordination failure helps decide between two rivaling accounts for this construction. Thus, a hypotactic analysis involving syntactic variable sharing must be preferred over parataxis plus anaphora resolution. The scopal behavior of the construction will be derived from its 'proto-assertional force,' which it shares with similar 'embedded root' constructions.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Casimir forces in the time domain: I. Theory
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
name: McCauley, Alexander P.
name: Joannopoulos, John D.
name: Johnson, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a method to compute Casimir forces in arbitrary geometries and for arbitrary materials based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) scheme. The method involves the time-evolution of electric and magnetic fields in response to a set of current sources, in a modified medium with frequency-independent conductivity. The advantage of this approach is that it allows one to exploit existing FDTD software, without modification, to compute Casimir forces. In this manuscript, part I, we focus on the derivation, implementation choices, and essential properties of the time-domain algorithm, considered both analytically and illustrated in the simplest parallel-plate geometry. Part II presents results for more complex two- and three-dimensional geometries.
Loop quantum cosmology with higher order holonomy corrections
Creators: name: Chiou, Dah-Wei
name: Li, Li-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a well-motivated extension of higher order holonomy corrections, the quantum theory of loop quantum cosmology (LQC) for the $k=0$ Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model (with a free massless scalar) is rigorously formulated. The analytical investigation reveals that, regardless of the order of holonomy corrections and for any arbitrary states, the matter density remains finite, bounded from above by an upper bound, which equals the critical density obtained at the level of heuristic effective dynamics. Particularly, with all orders of corrections included, the dynamical evolution is shown to follow the bouncing scenario in which two Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) solutions (expanding and contracting) are bridged together through the quantum bounce. These observations provide further evidence that the quantum bounce is essentially a consequence of the intrinsic discreteness of LQC and LQC is fundamentally different from the WDW theory. Meanwhile, the possibility is also explored that the higher order holonomy corrections can be interpreted as a result of admitting generic SU(2) representations for the Hamiltonian constraint operators.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected; version to appear in PRD
Hirota's virtual multi-soliton solutions of N=2 supersymmetric Korteweg-de Vries equations
Creators: name: Kiselev, Arthemy V.
name: Hussin, Veronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q53, 37K40 (Primary) 37K45, 81T60, 81U15 (Secondary)

description: We prove that Mathieu's N=2 supersymmetric Korteweg-de Vries equations with a=1 or a=4 admit Hirota's n-supersoliton solutions, whose nonlinear interaction does not produce any phase shifts. For initial profiles that can not be distinguished from a one-soliton solution at times t<<0, we reveal the possibility of a spontaneous decay and, within a finite time, transformation into a solitonic solution with a different wave number. This paradoxal effect is realized by the completely integrable N=2 super-KdV systems, whenever the initial soliton is loaded with other solitons that are virtual and become manifest through the tau-function as the time grows. Key words and phrases: Hirota's solitons, N=2 supersymmetric KdV, Krasil'shchik-Kersten system, phase shift, spontaneous decay.
description: Proc. 5th International Workshop `Nonlinear Physics: Theory and Experiment' (June 12-21, 2008; Gallipoli, Italy), 11 pages
Specificity distinction
Creators: name: Farkas, Donka F.
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This paper is concerned with semantic noun phrase typology, focusing on the question of how to draw fine-grained distinctions necessary for an accurate account of natural language phenomena. In the extensive literature on this topic, the most commonly encountered parameters of classification concern the semantic type of the denotation of the noun phrase, the familiarity or novelty of its referent, the quantificational/nonquantificational distinction (connected to the weak/strong dichotomy), as well as, more recently, the question of whether the noun phrase is choice-functional or not (see Reinhart 1997, Winter 1997, Kratzer 1998, Matthewson 1999). In the discussion that follows I will attempt to make the following general points: (i) phenomena involving the behavior of noun phrases both within and across languages point to the need of establishing further distinctions that are too fine-grained to be caught in the net of these typologies; (ii) some of the relevant distinctions can be captured in terms of conditions on assignment functions; (iii) distribution and scopal peculiarities of noun phrases may result from constraints they impose on the way variables they introduce are to be assigned values. Section 2 reviews the typology of definite noun phrases introduced in Farkas 2000 and the way it provides support for the general points above. Section 3 examines some of the problems raised by recognizing the rich variety of 'indefinite' noun phrases found in natural language and by attempting to capture their distribution and interpretation. Common to the typologies discussed in the two sections is the issue of marking different types of variation in the interpretation of a noun phrase. In the light of this discussion, specificity turns out to be an epiphenomenon connected to a family of distinctions that are marked differently in different languages.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
What do definites do that indefinites definitely don't?
Creators: name: Büring, Daniel
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: This paper investigates how (in)definiteness in word order; more specifically, how it in the ordering of objects in the Mittelfeld of German double-object constructions. As a starting point I take what I'll call the Indefinite Puzzle.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Information structure and the status of NP in Russian
Creators: name: Brun, Dina
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: In his 1995 monograph, Apresyan suggests that it would be extremely interesting to investigate the means of expressing the definiteness/indefiniteness opposition in languages that do not have articles. In this paper, I will attempt to find possible correlations between the organization of discourse and the positions in which the (in)definite nominals may appear within a sentence of Russian. I will examine the information structure of Russian sentences and, based on the previous analyses, provide a new account of their organization with respect to information packaging. I will then look at various nominal elements contained in certain parts of a sentence and arrive at a system describing the distribution of NPs in Russian with respect to the information structure. The ultimate goal of this paper is to establish and motivate a system of correlations between various types of NPs and functions of information structure. This goal will be achieved by determining which characteristic of a NP may serve as a criterion allowing to provide a one-to-one mapping.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Focus structure and the referential status of indefinite quantificational expressions
Creators: name: Breul, Carsten
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: Many authors who subscribe to some version of generative syntax account for the two readings of [...] sentences [...] in terms of LF-ambiguity. There is assumed to be covert quantifier raising (QR), which results in two distinct possibilities for the indefinite quantificational expressions involved to take scope over each other [...] In this paper, an alternative account is proposed which dispenses with the idea that there are different scope relations involved in the readings of […] sentences [...] and, consequently, with QR as the syntactic operation to be assumed for generating the respective LFs. I argue that it is rather focus structure in connection with type semantic issues pertaining to the indefinite quantificational expressions involved which result in the different readings associated with [...] sentences.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
Weighted Naive Bayes Model for Semi-Structured Document Categorization
Creators: name: Marteau, Pierre-François
name: Ménier, Gilbas
name: Popovici, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: The aim of this paper is the supervised classification of semi-structured data. A formal model based on bayesian classification is developed while addressing the integration of the document structure into classification tasks. We define what we call the structural context of occurrence for unstructured data, and we derive a recursive formulation in which parameters are used to weight the contribution of structural element relatively to the others. A simplified version of this formal model is implemented to carry out textual documents classification experiments. First results show, for a adhoc weighting strategy, that the structural context of word occurrences has a significant impact on classification results comparing to the performance of a simple multinomial naive Bayes classifier. The proposed implementation competes on the Reuters-21578 data with the SVM classifier associated or not with the splitting of structural components. These results encourage exploring the learning of acceptable weighting strategies for this model, in particular boosting strategies.
On the interpretation of wh-clauses in exclamative environments
Creators: name: D'Avis, Franz-Josef
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2001

description: In this paper, a class of sentences in German is discussed that are often called whexclamatives. […] So called wh-exclamatives can be roughly characterized as wh-clauses that are embedded under exclamative predicates like erstaunt sein/to be amazed at [...] or that are used as the basis for an exclamation [...]. One can ask if wh-exclamatives are a clause-type of their own, in particular, whether they are different from wh-clauses in question environments, that is under question predicates like to ask or to wonder or used as questions. It is often assumed that wh-clauses in exclamative contexts, both embedded and unembedded, are indeed different from wh-clauses in interrogative or question environments [...], at least regarding their semantical type, see for example Elliot (1971, 1974), Grimshaw (1979, 1981), Zaefferer (1983, 1984), Altmann (1 987, 1993). […] I assume with Grimshaw (1979) that so called wh-exclamatives and wh-interrogatives are alike with respect to their syntactical properties. In addition, I think that they are also alike semantically. So, what I like to do here is to evaluate the following hypothesis: So-called wh-exclamatives are of the same semantical type as wh-interrogatives.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 23 (2001): Information structure and the referential status of linguistic expression: workshop as part of the 23th annual meetings of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft in Leipzig, Leipzig, February 28 - March 2, 2001
You only need a scalar "only"
Creators: name: Krasikova, Sveta
name: Zhechev, Ventsislav
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: We propose a compositional analysis for sentences of the kind "You only have to go to the North End to get good cheese", referred to as the Sufficiency Modal Construction in the recent literature. We argue that the SMC is ambiguous depending on the kind of ordering induced by only. So is the exceptive construction – its cross-linguistic counterpart. Only is treated as inducing either a 'comparative possibility' scale or an 'implication-based' partial order on propositions. The properties of the 'comparative possibility' scale explain the absence of the prejacent presupposition that is usually associated with only. By integrating the scalarity into the semantics of the SMC, we explain the polarity facts observed in both variants of the construction. The sufficiency meaning component is argued to be due to a pragmatic inference.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2006): Proceedings of the Sinn und Bedeutung 10
Inertial waves near corotation in 3D hydrodynamical disks
Creators: name: Latter, Henrik
name: Balbus, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper concerns the interaction between non-axisymmetric inertial waves and their corotation resonances in a hydrodynamical disk. Inertial waves are of interest because they can localise in resonant cavities circumscribed by Lindblad radii, and as a consequence exhibit discrete oscillation frequencies that may be observed. It is often hypothesised that these trapped eigenmodes are affiliated with the poorly understood QPO phenomenon. We demonstrate that a large class of non-axisymmetric 3D inertial waves cannot manifest as trapped normal modes. This class includes any inertial wave whose resonant cavity contains a corotation singularity. Instead, these `singular' modes constitute a continuous spectrum and, as an ensemble, are convected with the flow, giving rise to shearing waves. Lastly, we present a simple demonstration of how the corotation singularity stabilizes three-dimensional perturbations in a slender torus.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. MNRAS accepted. V2 - Section 5.2 moved to appendix and errors removed
unified semantic analysis of floated and binominal "each"
Creators: name: Kobuchi-Philip, Mana
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2006

description: This paper discusses a semantic analysis of three syntactic types of English each, namely, floated each, binominal each, and prenominal each. It is argued that floated each consists of two parts, a quantifier and an inaudible element which functions as its restrictor, which together form a tripartite quantificational structure when they compose with the predicate. Binominal each and an associated NP such as two topics (which is generally called the 'distributive share') are syntactically analyzed as forming a subject-predicate relation within a DP in which the NP undergoes so-called 'predicate inversion'. Semantically, binominal each is analyzed as having the same semantic value as floated each, while prenominal each is shown to have a different logical type from floated and binominal each. As can be seen from analogous constructions in some Romance languages, it does not lexically contain its restrictor.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (2006): Proceedings of the Sinn und Bedeutung 10