cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
L’eteroregolamentazione dei contratti bancari e finanziari. Il ruolo delle Autorità di vigilanza
Creators: name: Orilia, Marina
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: IUS/01 DIRITTO PRIVATO
subject: Eterointegrazione
subject: Contratti bancari
subject: Credit ratings

description: 2015 - 2016
description: La tesi esplora il tema dell’eteroregolamentazione dei contratti bancari e finanziari nella triplice prospettiva del sistema delle fonti di integrazione del regolamento contrattuale, delle modalità attraverso le quali le autorità competenti possono intervenire sul contratto e, infine, delle forme di tutela ammesse (e ammissibili) a fronte dell’esercizio illegittimo ovvero ingiusto dei poteri di vigilanza. La prospettiva funzionale adottata consente di includere nel fenomeno anche l’attività condotta da particolari organismi privati, i quali, in virtú di una posizione privilegiata sul mercato, hanno il potere di influenzare la contrattazione degli altri pares. Da ciò discende un’inedita sistematica delle fonti di eteroregolamentazione del contratto, dei protagonisti e del controllo sull’esercizio della funzione di vigilanza. [a cura dell'Autore]
description: The present study analyses the role performed by supervisory and de facto authorities in supplementing banking and financial contracts, by functionally investigating not only the different sources that contribute to the building up of the final contract, but also the architecture of domestic, European and global financial supervision. Particular attention is paid to those influential market players having the power to affect the content of contracts set up by third parties, whose authority poses further challenges in terms of legal qualification. Therefore, this study proposes a renewed approach to the set of remedies available to individuals, when challenging the exercise of official and de facto supervisory powers. [edited by Author]
Map locations of mouse hepatitis virus temperature-sensitive mutants: confirmation of variable rates of recombination.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Using standard genetic recombination techniques, studies in our laboratory suggest that recombination rates are very high and vary in different portions of the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) genome. To determine the actual recombination frequencies in the MHV genome and localize the nucleotide boundaries of individual viral genes, we have sequenced temperature-sensitive and revertant viruses to identify the location of specific mutant alleles. Complementation group F RNA+ ts mutants (LA7, NC6, and NC16) each contained a unique mutation which was tightly linked to the ts phenotype and resulted in a conservative or nonconservative amino acid change in the MHV S glycoprotein gene. In agreement with previous recombination mapping studies, the mutation in LA7 and NC6 mapped within the S1 domain while NC16 mapped within the S2 domain. To determine the map coordinates of the MHV polymerase genes, several RNA- mutants and their revertants belonging to complementation groups C (NC3 and LA9) and E (LA18 and NC4) were also sequenced. Mutations were identified in each virus that were tightly linked to the ts phenotype and resulted in either a conservative or nonconservative amino acid change. The group C allele spanned the ORF 1a/ORF 1b junction, while the group E mutants mapped at the C terminus of ORF 1b about 20 to 22 kb from the 5' end of the genome. Mutation rates, calculated from the reversion frequencies of plaque-purified ts viruses requiring a single nucleotide alteration for reversion, approached 1.32 (+/- 0.89) x 10(-4) substitutions per nucleotide site per round of template copying. Detailed recombination mapping studies across known distances between these different ts alleles has confirmed that homologous recombination rates approached 25% and varied within different portions of the MHV genome.
A Fusion Approach for Efficient Human Skin Detection
Creators: name: Tan, Wei Ren
name: Chan, Chee Seng
name: Yogarajah, Pratheepan
name: Condell, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A reliable human skin detection method that is adaptable to different human skin colours and illu- mination conditions is essential for better human skin segmentation. Even though different human skin colour detection solutions have been successfully applied, they are prone to false skin detection and are not able to cope with the variety of human skin colours across different ethnic. Moreover, existing methods require high computational cost. In this paper, we propose a novel human skin de- tection approach that combines a smoothed 2D histogram and Gaussian model, for automatic human skin detection in colour image(s). In our approach an eye detector is used to refine the skin model for a specific person. The proposed approach reduces computational costs as no training is required; and it improves the accuracy of skin detection despite wide variation in ethnicity and illumination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method to employ fusion strategy for this purpose. Qualitative and quantitative results on three standard public datasets and a comparison with state-of-the-art methods have shown the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 8(1), pp. 138-147, new skin detection + ground truth (Pratheepan) dataset
Bruck 88 : a young star cluster with an old age resemblance in the outskirts of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic and photometric results for the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) cluster Bruck 88. From the comparison of the cluster integrated spectrum with template cluster spectra we found that the Milky Way globular cluster template spectra are the ones which best resemble it. However, the extracted cluster colour magnitude diagram reveals that Bruck 88 is a young cluster (log(t) = 8.1 +- 0.1). The derived cluster age is compatible with the presence of a Bright Red Giant (BRG) star located ~ 2.6 arcsec in the sky from the cluster centre. We serendipitously observed HW 33, a star cluster located ~ 3 arcmin to the south-east from Bruck 88. We obtained for the cluster the same age than Bruck 88 and surprisingly, a BRG star located within the cluster radius also appears to be compatible with the cluster age. We estimated the MK type of the BRG star in the Bruck 88 field to be in the range G9 II/Ib - K1 III. By combining the spectrum of a star within this MK type range with a 100-150 Myr template cluster integrated spectrum, we found that a proportion 85/15 in the sense BRG/template results in a spectrum which best resembles that of Bruck 88. This result confirms that a BRG star dominates the cluster integrated spectrum, so that it causes the globular cluster appearance of its integrated light.
description: MNRAS, accepted
Comparison of sports skills movement training to lower limb strength training for independently ambulatory children with cerebral palsy: a randomised feasibility trial
Creators: name: Hilderley, Alicia J.
name: Fehlings, Darcy
name: Chen, Joyce L.
name: Wright, F. Virginia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The best approach to delivering advanced gross motor skills interventions for children with cerebral palsy (CP) is unknown. This study’s aim was to assess trial feasibility and compare effectiveness of sports skills movement training (Brain change after Fun, Athletic Sports skills Training [BeFAST]) to conventional lower limb strength training (Brain change after Strength Training focusing ON Gait [BeSTRONG]) for improving advanced gross motor skills of children with CP. Twenty independently ambulatory children with CP (mean age 12 ± 2.6 years) were randomly assigned to a 6-week programme of BeFAST or BeSTRONG, individualised to participant goals. Primary scientific outcome measures were the Challenge and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) assessed pre/post and 4-month post-intervention. Process, resource, and management indicators assessed trial feasibility. There was no between group difference for the Challenge (p = 0.325), however significant post-intervention Challenge improvements were observed in BeFAST (p = 0.031) but not BeSTRONG (p = 0.055). Between group post-intervention scores were higher in BeFAST for COPM Performance (p = 0.001), and relative gains were maintained 4-month post-intervention. Pre-set criteria were met for 84% of feasibility indicators. Sports skills movement training may be an effective option to support advanced gross motor skill gains and target goals of independently ambulatory children with CP. Trial feasibility, including early evidence of effectiveness, indicates readiness for a full-scale randomised trial.Implications for rehabilitationChildren with cerebral palsy have potential to improve advanced gross motor skills.Strength training is a commonly used approach in gross motor therapy programmes.Sports skill training may be an effective option that better targets children’s goals. Children with cerebral palsy have potential to improve advanced gross motor skills. Strength training is a commonly used approach in gross motor therapy programmes. Sports skill training may be an effective option that better targets children’s goals.
Capillarity problems with nonlocal surface tension energies
Creators: name: Maggi, Francesco
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: nonlocal perimeter functional
subject: long range particle interactions
subject: capillarity phenomena
subject: Young's law
subject: 76B45
subject: 35R11
subject: 49K21

description: We explore the possibility of modifying the classical Gauss free energy functional used in capillarity theory by considering surface tension energies of nonlocal type. The corresponding variational principles lead to new equilibrium conditions which are compared to the mean curvature equation and Young's law found in classical capillarity theory. As a special case of this family of problems we recover a nonlocal relative isoperimetric problem of geometric interest.
The activity of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is initiated at the membrane of infected cells before the release of viral proteins and is required for release to occur with maximum efficiency.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The final steps in the production of the type C retroviruses include assembly of the viral core particle and release of virions from the surface of the infected cell. The core proteins are translated as part of one of two precursors, Gag and Gag/Pol, which are cleaved by a virally encoded protease. We examined the interaction between the processing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag precursor and the membrane-based assembly and budding of virions. Our results indicate that cleavage by the viral protease is initiated at the membrane of the infected cell during virus release and that protease activity is required for virion release to occur with maximum efficiency.
Nonlocal minimal surfaces: Interior regularity, quantitative estimates and boundary stickiness
Creators: name: Dipierro, Serena
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: nonlocal minimal surfaces
subject: regularity theory and applications
subject: 49Q05
subject: 53A10
subject: 58E12
subject: 35R11

description: We consider surfaces which minimize a nonlocal perimeter functional and we discuss their interior regularity and rigidity properties, in a quantitative and qualitative way, and their (perhaps rather surprising) boundary behavior. We present at least a sketch of the proofs of these results, in a way that aims to be as elementary and self contained as possible, referring to the papers [CRS10, SV13, CV13, BFV14, FV, DSV15, CSV16] for full details.
Long-time behavior for crystal dislocation dynamics
Creators: name: Patrizi, Stefania
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Peierls-Nabarro model
subject: nonlocal integro-differential equations
subject: dislocation dynamics
subject: attractive/repulsive potentials
subject: collisions
subject: 82D25
subject: 35R09
subject: 74E15
subject: 35R11
subject: 47G20

description: We describe the asymptotic states for the solutions of a nonlocal equation of evolutionary type, which have the physical meaning of the atom dislocation function in a periodic crystal. More precisely, we can describe accurately the ``smoothing effect'' on the dislocation function occurring slightly after a ``particle collision'' (roughly speaking, two opposite transitions layers average out) and, in this way, we can trap the atom dislocation function between a superposition of transition layers which, as time flows, approaches either a constant function or a single heteroclinic (depending on the algebraic properties of the orientations of the initial transition layers). The results are endowed of explicit and quantitative estimates and, as a byproduct, we show that the ODE systems of particles that governs the evolution of the transition layers does not admit stationary solutions (i.e., roughly speaking, transition layers always move).
The Epstein-Barr virus EBNA-2 gene in oral hairy leukoplakia: strain variation, genetic recombination, and transcriptional expression.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Oral hairy leukoplakia (HLP) lesions frequently contain defective Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes with deletions in the EBNA-2 gene that abundantly replicate and persist within the lesion. To characterize these viral strains and recombinant variants, the EBNA-2 gene in EBV DNA from several different HLP biopsy specimens was analyzed. Amplification of EBNA-2 coding sequences by PCR demonstrated the presence in HLP of intact EBNA-2 genes as well as a variety of internally deleted variants of both EBNA-2A and EBNA-2B. Some of the deletion variants evolved within the HLP lesion from intact EBNA-2 genes, while other variants appeared to be transmissible strains that directly infected the lesion. Intrastrain recombination within the HLP lesion also generated variation within the EBNA-2 polyproline region. Cloning and sequencing of HLP cDNA demonstrated transcription from the internally deleted EBNA-2 open reading frame, indicating that these variant genes are expressed in HLP. Comparative analysis of the HLP EBNA-2 sequences confirmed previous findings of EBV coinfection with multiple types and strains. Sequence variation of these wild-type genes demonstrated that EBNA-2A sequences distinguish at least two separate strains and a variety of substrains of EBV type 1. Two of the HLP EBNA-2A sequences contained amino acid changes in a cytotoxic T-cell epitope within an otherwise highly conserved region of the gene. These data indicate that EBV coinfection, strain variation, and recombination within the EBNA-2 gene are common features of HLP and suggest that the expression of internally deleted EBNA-2 variants could contribute to EBV pathogenesis in permissive infection.
Asymptotic expansions of the contact angle in nonlocal capillarity problems
Creators: name: Dipierro, Serena
name: Maggi, Francesco
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: nonlocal surface tension
subject: contact angle
subject: asymptotics
subject: 76B45
subject: 76D45
subject: 45M05

description: We consider a family of nonlocal capillarity models, where surface tension is modeled by exploiting a family of fractional interaction kernels The fractional Young's law (contact angle condition) predicted by these models coincides, in the limit, with the classical Young's law determined by the Gauss free energy. Here we refine this asymptotics by showing that, for s close to 1, the fractional contact angle is always smaller than its classical counterpart when the relative adhesion coefficient is negative, and larger if it is positive. In addition, we address the asymptotics of the fractional Young's law in the limit case s close to 0 of interaction kernels with heavy tails. Interestingly, forsmall s, the dependence of the contact angle from the relative adhesion coefficient becomes linear.
Hierarchical sparse Bayesian learning for structural health monitoring with incomplete modal data
Creators: name: Huang, Yong
name: Beck, James L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For civil structures, structural damage due to severe loading events such as earthquakes, or due to long-term environmental degradation, usually occurs in localized areas of a structure. A new sparse Bayesian probabilistic framework for computing the probability of localized stiffness reductions induced by damage is presented that uses noisy incomplete modal data from before and after possible damage. This new approach employs system modal parameters of the structure as extra variables for Bayesian model updating with incomplete modal data. A specific hierarchical Bayesian model is constructed that promotes spatial sparseness in the inferred stiffness reductions in a way that is consistent with the Bayesian Ockham razor. To obtain the most plausible model of sparse stiffness reductions together with its uncertainty within a specified class of models, the method employs an optimization scheme that iterates among all uncertain parameters, including the hierarchical hyper-parameters. The approach has four important benefits: (1) it infers spatially-sparse stiffness changes based on the identified modal parameters; (2) the uncertainty in the inferred stiffness reductions is quantified; (3) no matching of model and experimental modes is needed, and (4) solving the nonlinear eigenvalue problem of a structural model is not required. The proposed method is applied to two previously-studied examples using simulated data: a ten-story shear-building and the three-dimensional braced-frame model from the Phase II Simulated Benchmark problem sponsored by the IASC-ASCE Task Group on Structural Health Monitoring. The results show that the occurrence of false-positive and false-negative damage detection is clearly reduced in the presence of modeling error. Furthermore, the identified most probable stiffness loss ratios are close to their actual values.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures
Automatic evaluation of UV and R2 terms for beyond the Standard Model Lagrangians: a proof-of-principle
Creators: name: Degrande, Celine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation of renormalized one-loop amplitudes in quantum field theory requires not only the knowledge of the Lagrangian density and the corresponding Feynman rules, but also that of the ultraviolet counterterms. More in general, and depending also on the methods used in the actual computation of the one-loop amplitudes, additional interactions might be needed. One example is that of the R2 rational terms in the OPP method. In this paper, we argue that the determination of all elements necessary for loop computations in arbitrary models can be automated starting only from information on the Lagrangian at the tree-level. In particular, we show how the R2 rational and ultraviolet counterterms for any renormalizable model can be computed with the help of a new package, which we name NLOCT and builds upon FeynRules and FeynArts. To show the potential of our approach, we calculate all additional rules that are needed to promote a Two Higgs Doublet Model Lagrangian to one-loop computations in QCD and electroweak couplings.
description: 33 pages, 0 figure
Gradient structure for optoelectronic models of semiconductors
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Peschka, Dirk
name: Rotundo, Nella
name: Thomas, Marita
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Gradient flow
subject: optoelectronic semiconductor model
subject: dual dissipation potential
subject: reaction-diffusion systems
subject: 82D37
subject: 78A35
subject: 35K57
subject: 80A17

description: We derive an optoelectronic model based on a gradient formulation for the relaxation of electron-, hole- and photon- densities to their equilibrium state. This leads to a coupled system of partial and ordinary differential equations, for which we discuss the isothermal and the non-isothermal scenario separately
Stochastic model for LFP-electrodes
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Friz, Peter
name: Gajewski, Paul
name: Guhlke, Clemens
name: Maurelli, Mario
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: lithium-ion batteries
subject: lithium iron phospate
subject: thermodynamics
subject: phase transitions
subject: many particle electode
subject: 35Q84
subject: 80A22
subject: 74N30
subject: 05.10.Gg
subject: 05.70.Fh
subject: 05.70.Ce
subject: 82.47.Aa

description: In the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics we derive a new model for porous electrodes. The model is applied to LiFePO4 (LFP) electrodes consisting of many LFP particles of nanometer size. The phase transition from a lithium-poor to a lithium-rich phase within LFP electrodes is controlled by surface fluctuations leading to a system of stochastic differential equations. The model is capable to derive an explicit relation between battery voltage and current that is controlled by thermodynamic state variables. This voltage-current relation reveals that in thin LFP electrodes lithium intercalation from the particle surfaces into the LFP particles is the principal rate limiting process. There are only two constant kinetic parameters in the model describing the intercalation rate and the fluctuation strength, respectively. The model correctly predicts several features of LFP electrodes, viz. the phase transition, the observed voltage plateaus, hysteresis and the rate limiting capacity. Moreover we study the impact of both the particle size distribution and the active surface area on the voltagecharge characteristics of the electrode. Finally we carefully discuss the phase transition for varying charging/discharging rates.
Additional file 1 of Characterizing the secretome of licensed hiPSC-derived MSCs
Creators: name: Ramos, Yolande F. M.
name: Tertel, Tobias
name: Shaw, Georgina
name: Staubach, Simon
name: de Almeida, Rodrigo Coutinho
name: Suchiman, Eka
name: Kuipers, Thomas B.
name: Mei, Hailiang
name: Barry, Frank
name: Murphy, Mary
name: Giebel, Bernd
name: Meulenbelt, Ingrid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Materials and Methods, Figures, Tables.
Treatment of sleep disturbance following stroke and traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of conservative interventions
Creators: name: Lowe, Alex
name: Bailey, Mark
name: O’Shaughnessy, Terry
name: Macavei, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Sleep disorders are common following stroke and traumatic brain injury. We present a systematic review of the literature investigating conservative interventions to improve sleep in these populations. The PRISMA statement was used. Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane library were searched for all experimental studies published prior to 28th March 2020 that assessed conservative interventions to improve the sleep or sleep disorders of adults with a history of stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Two authors reviewed publications of interest and risk of bias assessments were performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool or the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies instrument. Twenty-three publications were included in this systematic review. Meta-analyses were not performed due to study heterogeneity. Psychotherapy-based approaches might be useful for sleep disturbance after TBI and acupuncture may help improve insomnia or sleep disturbance following stroke or TBI, respectively. The evidence was less clear for morning bright light therapy and exercise. Limitations included a single author performing primary searches, only English publications, the reporting of secondary outcome measures, and sleep disorder diagnoses. Some conservative interventions might be useful for improving sleep disturbance or disorders in these populations, but further research is required.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONSleep disturbance is common following stroke and traumatic brain injury, with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea being the most frequently diagnosed sleep disorders.Psychotherapy-based approaches might be useful for sleep disturbance after TBI and acupuncture may help improve insomnia or sleep disturbance following stroke or TBI, respectively.Morning bright light therapy appeared to be more beneficial for fatigue rather than sleep disturbance after TBI, and the evidence for exercise was less clear. Sleep disturbance is common following stroke and traumatic brain injury, with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea being the most frequently diagnosed sleep disorders. Psychotherapy-based approaches might be useful for sleep disturbance after TBI and acupuncture may help improve insomnia or sleep disturbance following stroke or TBI, respectively. Morning bright light therapy appeared to be more beneficial for fatigue rather than sleep disturbance after TBI, and the evidence for exercise was less clear.
Correlation between the structural and optical properties of spontaneously formed GaN nanowires: a quantitative evaluation of the impact of nanowire coalescence
Creators: name: Fernández-Garrido, S.
name: Kaganer, V. M.
name: Hauswald, C.
name: Jenichen, B.
name: Ramsteiner, M.
name: Consonni, V.
name: Geelhaar, L.
name: Brandt, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structural and optical properties of spontaneously formed GaN nanowires with different degrees of coalescence. This quantity is determined by an analysis of the cross-sectional area and perimeter of the nanowires obtained by plan-view scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction experiments are used to measure the inhomogeneous strain in the nanowire ensembles as well as the orientational distribution of the nanowires. The comparison of the results obtained for GaN nanowire ensembles prepared on bare Si(111) and AlN buffered 6H-SiC(000-1) reveals that the main source of the inhomogeneous strain is the random distortions caused by the coalescence of adjacent nanowires. The magnitude of the strain inhomogeneity induced by nanowire coalescence is found not to be determined solely by the coalescence degree, but also by the mutual misorientation of the coalesced nanowires. The linewidth of the donor-bound exciton transition in photoluminescence spectra does not exhibit a monotonic increase with the coalescence degree. In contrast, the comparison of the root mean square strain with the linewidth of the donor-bound exciton transition reveals a clear correlation: the higher the strain inhomogeneity, the larger the linewidth.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Near-deterministic creation of universal cluster states with probabilistic Bell measurements and 3-qubit resource states
Creators: name: Zaidi, Hussain
name: Dawson, Chris
name: van Loock, Peter
name: Rudolph, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a scheme for generating a universal qubit cluster state using probabilistic Bell measurements without the need for feed-forward or long-time quantum memories. Borrowing ideas from percolation theory we numerically show that using unambiguous Bell measurements that succeed with 75% success probability, one could build a cluster state with an underlying pyrochlore geometry such that the probability of having a spanning cluster in a chosen direction approaches unity in the limit of an infinite lattice size. The initial resources required for the generation of a universal state in our protocol are 3-qubit cluster states that are within experimental reach and are a minimal resource for a Bell-measurement-based percolation proposal. Since single and multi-photon losses can be detected in Bell measurements, our protocol raises the prospect of a fully error-robust scheme.
The p2 domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag regulates sequential proteolytic processing and is required to produce fully infectious virions.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The proteolytic processing sites of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag precursor are cleaved in a sequential manner by the viral protease. We investigated the factors that regulate sequential processing. When full-length Gag protein was digested with recombinant HIV-1 protease in vitro, four of the five major processing sites in Gag were cleaved at rates that differ by as much as 400-fold. Three of these four processing sites were cleaved independently of the others. The CA/p2 site, however, was cleaved approximately 20-fold faster when the adjacent downstream p2/NC site was blocked from cleavage or when the p2 domain of Gag was deleted. These results suggest that the presence of a C-terminal p2 tail on processing intermediates slows cleavage at the upstream CA/p2 site. We also found that lower pH selectively accelerated cleavage of the CA/p2 processing site in the full-length precursor and as a peptide primarily by a sequence-based mechanism rather than by a change in protein conformation. Deletion of the p2 domain of Gag results in released virions that are less infectious despite the presence of the processed final products of Gag. These findings suggest that the p2 domain of HIV-1 Gag regulates the rate of cleavage at the CA/p2 processing site during sequential processing in vitro and in infected cells and that p2 may function in the proper assembly of virions.
Spitzer Observations of the Type Ia Supernova Remnant N103B: Kepler's Older Cousin?
Creators: name: Williams, Brian J.
name: Borkowski, Kazimierz J.
name: Reynolds, Stephen P.
name: Ghavamian, Parviz
name: Raymond, John C.
name: Long, Knox S.
name: Blair, William P.
name: Winkler, P. Frank
name: Sankrit, Ravi
name: Hendrick, Sean P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from Spitzer observations of SNR 0509-68.7, also known as N103B, a young Type Ia supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud that shows interaction with a dense medium in its western hemisphere. Our images show that N103B has strong IR emission from warm dust in the post-shock environment. The post-shock gas density we derive, 45 cm$^{-3}$, is much higher than in other Type Ia remnants in the LMC, though a lack of spatial resolution may bias measurements towards regions of higher than average density. This density is similar to that in Kepler's SNR, a Type Ia interacting with a circumstellar medium. Optical images show H$α$ emission along the entire periphery of the western portion of the shock, with [O III] and [S II] lines emitted from a few dense clumps of material where the shock has become radiative. The dust is silicate in nature, though standard silicate dust models fail to reproduce the "18 $μ$m" silicate feature that peaks instead at 17.3 $μ$m. We propose that the dense material is circumstellar material lost from the progenitor system, as with Kepler. If the CSM interpretation is correct, this remnant would become the second member, along with Kepler, of a class of Type Ia remnants characterized by interaction with a dense CSM hundreds of years post-explosion. A lack of N enhancement eliminates symbiotic AGB progenitors. The white dwarf companion must have been relatively unevolved at the time of the explosion.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 35 pages, 9 figures, manuscript style
A hepatitis A virus deletion mutant which lacks the first pyrimidine-rich tract of the 5' nontranslated RNA remains virulent in primates after direct intrahepatic nucleic acid transfection.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Cell culture-adapted variants of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in which the first pyrimidine-rich tract (pY1; nucleotides 99 to 138) of the 5' nontranslated region has been deleted (delta 96-137 or delta 96-139) replicate as well as parental virus in cultured cells (D.R. Shaffer, E.A. Brown, and S.M. Lemon, J. Virol. 68:5568-5578, 1994). To determine whether viruses with such large deletion mutations are able to replicate and to produce acute hepatitis in primates, we reconstructed the delta 96-137 deletion in the genetic background of a virulent virus which differs from the wild type by only one mutation in the 2B-coding region (HM175/8Y). Full-length synthetic delta 96-137/8Y RNA was injected into the livers of two HAV-seronegative marmosets (Saguinus mystax). Both animals developed serum liver enzyme elevations and inflammatory changes in serial liver biopsies within 3 to 4 weeks of inoculation which were comparable in magnitude to those observed previously following intrahepatic inoculation of marmosets with HM175/8Y RNA. Sequencing of RNA from virus shed in feces demonstrated the presence of the delta 96-137 deletion. These results indicate that the pY1 sequence of HAV is not required for efficient viral replication in hepatocytes in situ or for production of acute hepatic injury following intrahepatic RNA transfection in primates.
The Karlsruhe Astrophysical Database of Nucleosynthesis in Stars Project - Status and Prospects
Creators: name: Dillmann, Iris
name: Szücs, Tamas
name: Fülöp, Zsolt
name: Plag, Ralf
name: Käppeler, Franz
name: Rauscher, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KADoNiS (Karlsruhe Astrophysical Database of Nucleosynthesis in Stars) project is an astrophysical online database for cross sections relevant for nucleosynthesis in the $s$ process and the $γ$ process. The $s$-process database (www.kadonis.org) was started in 2005 and is presently facing its 4th update (KADoNiS v1.0). The $γ$-process database (KADoNiS-p, www.kadonis.org/pprocess) was recently revised and re-launched in March 2013. Both databases are compilations for experimental cross sections with relevance to heavy ion nucleosynthesis. For the $s$ process recommended Maxwellian averaged cross sections for $kT$= 5-100~keV are given for more than 360 isotopes between $^{1}$H and $^{210}$Bi. For the $γ$-process database all available experimental data from $(p,γ), (p,n), (p,α), (α,γ), (α,n)$, and $(α,p)$ reactions between $^{70}$Ge and $^{209}$Bi in or close to the respective Gamow window were collected and can be compared to theoretical predictions. The aim of both databases is a quick and user-friendly access to the available data in the astrophysically relevant energy regions.
description: Proceedings Nuclear Data Conference 2013, published in Nuclear Data Sheets 120 (2014) 171
Analysis and mapping of a family of 3'-coterminal transcripts containing coding sequences for human cytomegalovirus open reading frames UL93 through UL99.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) open reading frames (ORFs) UL93 through UL99 are contained within a region of viral genome that is well conserved in all herpesviruses. Previous reports detailing the expression of ORF UL99 (also referred to as the 28-kDa virion phosphoprotein or pp28) indicated that the pattern of transcription proximal to pp28 is extremely complex and involves a number of large overlapping transcripts, none of which have been characterized. We have used an RNA-mapping approach consisting of Northern (RNA) hybridization, RNase protection, and primer extensions to determine the coding capacity of several large-molecular-weight transcripts which overlap the 1.3- and 1.6-kb UL99-specific transcripts. Our results suggest that six differentially regulated transcripts with sizes of 2.6, 4.7, 5.6, 7.3, 9.1, and 10.5 kb, and derived from the same strand of the viral genome overlap, are 3'-coterminal with the smaller UL99-specific transcripts. On the basis of 5'-end mapping via primer extension and RNase protection, we have determined that the 2.6- to 10.5-kb messages initiate upstream of each of the potential ORFs in this region, UL98, UL97, UL96, UL95, UL94, and UL93. By using cycloheximide and ganciclovir [9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine] to block de novo viral protein synthesis and viral DNA replication, respectively, we have determined that the 2.6-, 4.7-, 5.6-, and 7.3-kb messages have characteristics of early or early-late transcripts, whereas the 9.1- and 10.5-kb messages appear to be true late transcripts. The evolutionary conservation of ORFs UL93 through UL99 and their transcriptional regulation in other herpesviruses are discussed.
Spectrally-resolved hyperfine interactions between polaron and nuclear spins in organic light emitting diodes: Magneto-EL studies
Creators: name: Crooker, S. A.
name: Liu, F.
name: Kelley, M. R.
name: Martinez, N. J. D.
name: Nie, W.
name: Mohite, A.
name: Nayyar, I. H.
name: Tretiak, S.
name: Smith, D. L.
name: Ruden, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use spectrally-resolved magneto-electroluminescence (EL) measurements to study the energy dependence of hyperfine interactions between polaron and nuclear spins in organic LEDs. Using layered devices based on Bphen/MTDATA -- a well-known exciplex emitter -- we show that the increase in EL emission intensity $I$ due to small applied magnetic fields of order 100 mT is markedly larger at the high-energy blue end of the EL spectrum (dI/I ~11%) than at the low-energy red end (~4%). Concurrently, the widths of the magneto-EL curves increase monotonically from blue to red, revealing an increasing hyperfine coupling between polarons and nuclei and directly providing insight into the energy-dependent spatial extent and localization of polarons.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of A citation analysis and scoping systematic review of the operationalization of the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM)
Creators: name: Rabin, Borsika A.
name: Cakici, Julie
name: Golden, Caitlin A.
name: Estabrooks, Paul A.
name: Glasgow, Russell E.
name: Gaglio, Bridget
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Abstraction form.
Additional file 2 of A citation analysis and scoping systematic review of the operationalization of the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM)
Creators: name: Rabin, Borsika A.
name: Cakici, Julie
name: Golden, Caitlin A.
name: Estabrooks, Paul A.
name: Glasgow, Russell E.
name: Gaglio, Bridget
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. All papers included in the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model review with level of use and search source.
Detection of an RNase H activity associated with hepadnaviruses.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Replication of the hepadnavirus DNA genome is accomplished via reverse transcription of an intermediate, pregenomic RNA molecule. This process is likely to be carried out by a virally encoded, multifunctional polymerase which possesses DNA- and RNA-dependent DNA polymerase and RNase H activities. However, the nature of the product(s) of the polymerase gene predicted to mediate these functions is unclear. Biochemical studies of the polymerase protein(s) have been limited by its apparent low abundance in virus particles and, until recently, the inability to express active polymerase protein(s) heterologously. We have used activity gel assays to detect DNA- and RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activities associated with highly purified duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) core particles (S. M. Oberhaus and J. E. Newbold, J. Virol. 67:6558-6566, 1993). Now we report that the same approach identifies a 35-kDa RNase H activity in association with highly purified DHBV core particles and crude preparations of virions from DHBV-infected ducks and woodchuck hepatitis virus-infected woodchucks. This is the first report of the detection of an hepadnavirus-associated RNase H activity. Its apparent size is smaller than any of the DNA polymerase activities that we detected previously and significantly smaller than the full-length protein predicted from the polymerase open reading frame (p85 for DHBV). These data suggest that the viral polymerase and RNase H activities are separable and that these enzymes may coordinate their activities in vivo by forming a complex.
Treatment of sleep disturbance following stroke and traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of conservative interventions
Creators: name: Lowe, Alex
name: Bailey, Mark
name: O’Shaughnessy, Terry
name: Macavei, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Sleep disorders are common following stroke and traumatic brain injury. We present a systematic review of the literature investigating conservative interventions to improve sleep in these populations. The PRISMA statement was used. Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane library were searched for all experimental studies published prior to 28th March 2020 that assessed conservative interventions to improve the sleep or sleep disorders of adults with a history of stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Two authors reviewed publications of interest and risk of bias assessments were performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool or the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies instrument. Twenty-three publications were included in this systematic review. Meta-analyses were not performed due to study heterogeneity. Psychotherapy-based approaches might be useful for sleep disturbance after TBI and acupuncture may help improve insomnia or sleep disturbance following stroke or TBI, respectively. The evidence was less clear for morning bright light therapy and exercise. Limitations included a single author performing primary searches, only English publications, the reporting of secondary outcome measures, and sleep disorder diagnoses. Some conservative interventions might be useful for improving sleep disturbance or disorders in these populations, but further research is required.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONSleep disturbance is common following stroke and traumatic brain injury, with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea being the most frequently diagnosed sleep disorders.Psychotherapy-based approaches might be useful for sleep disturbance after TBI and acupuncture may help improve insomnia or sleep disturbance following stroke or TBI, respectively.Morning bright light therapy appeared to be more beneficial for fatigue rather than sleep disturbance after TBI, and the evidence for exercise was less clear. Sleep disturbance is common following stroke and traumatic brain injury, with insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea being the most frequently diagnosed sleep disorders. Psychotherapy-based approaches might be useful for sleep disturbance after TBI and acupuncture may help improve insomnia or sleep disturbance following stroke or TBI, respectively. Morning bright light therapy appeared to be more beneficial for fatigue rather than sleep disturbance after TBI, and the evidence for exercise was less clear.
Graphene quantum dot on boron nitride: Dirac cone replica and Hofstadter butterfly
Creators: name: Chizhova, L. A.
name: Libisch, F.
name: Burgdörfer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene flakes placed on hexagonal boron nitride feature in the presence of a magnetic field a complex electronic structure due to a hexagonal moiré potential resulting from the van der Waals interaction with the substrate. The slight lattice mismatch gives rise to a periodic supercell potential. Zone folding is expected to create replica of the original Dirac cone and Hofstadter butterflies. Our large-scale tight binding simulation reveals an unexpected coexistence of a relativistic and non-relativistic Landau level structure. The presence of the zeroth Landau level and its associated butterfly is shown to be the unambiguous signature for the occurrence of Dirac cone replica.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures