cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Application of Spatiotemporal Analysis for Detecting Demographic Variations in AIDS Mortality: An Example from Florida
Creators: name: Chuang, Hung-Yi
name: Chiu, Yu-Wen
name: Hsu, Chiehwen Ed
name: Wang, Min-Qi
name: Nkhoma, Ella
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The purpose of the present study was to characterize, geographically and temporally, the patterns of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) death disparity in 67 Florida jurisdictions, and to determine if the detected trends varied according to age, race, and sex. The space-time scan statistic proposed by Kulldorff et al was used to examine the excess AIDS deaths that occurred between 1987 and 2004. Results were geographically referenced in maps using EpiInfo and EpiMap made available by the Centers for Disease Control. Miami-Dade and the nearby counties including Broward, Martin, and Palm Beach are the most likely clusters (observed/expected: 1505.16) with temporal dimension (also called cluster's age) persisting from 1996 to the present. Union county had the longest cluster for the cluster period 1987-1998, but not for 1999-2004. African-Americans contributed to more clusters compared with whites. Time trends indicated that AIDS mortality peaked in 1995 and then sharply dropped until 1998, when the decrease stopped. By accounting for the temporal dimension of disease clustering, the present study revealed the persistence of geographic clusters, which is not often provided by other geographic detection methods. These findings may be informative for medical resource allocation and better focus public health intervention strategies for AIDS care.
(102221) Emrys Jones
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102222) James Owen
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Improving M-SBL for Joint Sparse Recovery using a Subspace Penalty
Creators: name: Ye, Jong Chul
name: Kim, Jong Min
name: Bresler, Yoram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The multiple measurement vector problem (MMV) is a generalization of the compressed sensing problem that addresses the recovery of a set of jointly sparse signal vectors. One of the important contributions of this paper is to reveal that the seemingly least related state-of-art MMV joint sparse recovery algorithms - M-SBL (multiple sparse Bayesian learning) and subspace-based hybrid greedy algorithms - have a very important link. More specifically, we show that replacing the $\log\det(\cdot)$ term in M-SBL by a rank proxy that exploits the spark reduction property discovered in subspace-based joint sparse recovery algorithms, provides significant improvements. In particular, if we use the Schatten-$p$ quasi-norm as the corresponding rank proxy, the global minimiser of the proposed algorithm becomes identical to the true solution as $p \rightarrow 0$. Furthermore, under the same regularity conditions, we show that the convergence to a local minimiser is guaranteed using an alternating minimization algorithm that has closed form expressions for each of the minimization steps, which are convex. Numerical simulations under a variety of scenarios in terms of SNR, and condition number of the signal amplitude matrix demonstrate that the proposed algorithm consistently outperforms M-SBL and other state-of-the art algorithms.
On the figure of Trampagos in El rufian viudo by Cervantes
Creators: name: Hsu, Carmen Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This paper proposes to examine the figure of rufián in El rufián viudo and Cervantes’ debts to the poems by Rodrigo de Reinosa, Álvaro de Solana, and Juan Hidalgo. The article also intends to show that, in addition to the conventional characteristics of the type of rufián that one finds in Trampago, there are also imprints of numerous literary traditions – most significantly, Garcilaso’s eclogues. The presence of Garcilaso not only introduces a change of sensibility and new themes to Cervantes’ entremés , but it also contributes to the creation of a character that transcends the literary formula.
Embedding and partial resolution of complex cones over Fano threefolds
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Siddharth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with the study of embeddings of toric Calabi-Yau fourfolds which are complex cones over the smooth Fano threefolds. In particular, we focus on finding various embeddings of Fano threefolds inside other Fano threefolds and study the partial resolution of the latter in hope to find new toric dualities. We find many diagrams possible for many of these Fano threefolds, but unfortunately, none of them are consistent quiver theories. We also obtain a quiver Chern-Simons theory which matches a theory known to the literature, thus providing an alternate method of obtaining it.
description: version to be published
Finite hypergeometric functions
Creators: name: Beukers, Frits
name: Cohen, Henri
name: Mellit, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F46, 11T24

description: Finite hypergeometric functions are complex valued functions on finite fields which are the analogue of the classical analytic hypergeometric functions. From the work of N.M.Katz it follows that their values are traces of Frobenius on certain l-adic sheafs. More concretely, in many instances their values can be used to give formulas for pointcounts of F_q-rational points on certain varieties. In this paper we work out the case of one-variable functions whose monodromy in the analytic case can be defined over the rational integers.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
One-Step Stochastic Processes Simulation Software Package
Creators: name: Eferina, E. G.
name: Korolkova, A. V.
name: Gevorkyan, M. N.
name: Kulyabov, D. S.
name: Sevastyanov, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background. It is assumed that the introduction of stochastic in mathematical model makes it more adequate. But there is virtually no methods of coordinated (depended on structure of the system) stochastic introduction into deterministic models. Authors have improved the method of stochastic models construction for the class of one-step processes and illustrated by models of population dynamics. Population dynamics was chosen for study because its deterministic models were sufficiently well explored that allows to compare the results with already known ones. Purpose. To optimize the models creation as much as possible some routine operations should be automated. In this case, the process of drawing up the model equations can be algorithmized and implemented in the computer algebra system. Furthermore, on the basis of these results a set of programs for numerical experiment can be obtained. Method. The computer algebra system Axiom is used for analytical calculations implementation. To perform the numerical experiment FORTRAN and Julia languages are used. The method Runge--Kutta method for stochastic differential equations is used as numerical method. Results. The program compex for creating stochastic one-step processes models is constructed. Its application is illustrated by the predator-prey population dynamic system. Conclusions. Computer algebra systems are very convenient for the purposes of rapid prototyping in mathematical models design and analysis.
description: in Russian; in English
A model identification approach for the evaluation of plant efficiency
Creators: name: Rahimi-Adli, Keivan
name: Schiermoch, Patrick D.
name: Beisheim, Benedikt
name: Wenzel, Simon
name: Engell, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: surrogate models
subject: plant efficiency
subject: energy management systems
subject: model detail level
subject: model identification
subject: 660

description: Regulations and the public expectations on improving efficiency, reducing the carbon footprint and lowering the environmental impact drive the process industry towards improved operation and the development of new technologies. The efficiency of an existing production plant depends on a variety of factors like capacity utilisation, raw material quality, ambient temperature or operational performance. Identifying the influence of these factors on the performance of the plant helps to take suitable measures to drive it towards a more efficient operation. One approach to assess the resource efficiency potential of a plant is the comparison of the actual performance with the best possible operation under the given circumstances. This work presents a surrogate modelling approach for the identification of the best possible operation based on historical data. The surrogate model is compared to a more detailed rigorous model and advantages and possible shortcomings of the surrogate approach are discussed based on real production data at INEOS in K¨oln.
description: Computer Aided Chemical Engineering;46
Toward Regional Climate Services: The Role of NOAA's Regional Climate Centers
Creators: name: Shulski, Martha
name: Robbins, Kevin
name: Robinson, Peter
name: Redmond, Kelly
name: Hilberg, Steven
name: Brown, Timothy
name: McGuirk, Marjorie
name: DeGaetano, Arthur
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Over the 25-yr history of the Regional Climate Center (RCC) program, the central goals of the 1978 Climate Program Act that initiated the program have remained at the core of the centers’ mission. However, the methods, infrastructure, tools, and collaborations that define the program have evolved and the demand for and sophistication of climate service requests has increased. Unlike the program’s partners whose focus is on the collection and archival of climate data, integrated research, and addressing state-specific climate inquiries, the RCCs fill the following three operational niches in national climate services: provision and development of sector-specific and value-added data products and services; establishment of robust and efficient computer-based infrastructure for providing climate information; and seamless integration and storage of non–National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) climate data with traditional NOAA data sources.
Purity, formality, and arrangement complements
Creators: name: Dupont, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a "purity implies formality" statement in the context of the rational homotopy theory of smooth complex algebraic varieties, and apply it to complements of hypersurface arrangements. In particular, we prove that the complement of a toric arrangement is formal. This is analogous to the classical formality theorem for complements of hyperplane arrangements, due to Brieskorn, and generalizes a theorem of De Concini and Procesi.
description: 9 pages; minor changes, references added
Numerical and experimental study of the effects of noise on the permutation entropy
Creators: name: Quintero-Quiroz, C.
name: Pigolotti, Simone
name: Torrent, M. C.
name: Masoller, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effects of noise on the permutation entropy of dynamical systems. We take as numerical examples the logistic map and the Rössler system. Upon varying the noise strengthfaster, we find a transition from an almost-deterministic regime, where the permutation entropy grows slower than linearly with the pattern dimension, to a noise-dominated regime, where the permutation entropy grows faster than linearly with the pattern dimension. We perform the same analysis on experimental time-series by considering the stochastic spiking output of a semiconductor laser with optical feedback. Because of the experimental conditions, the dynamics is found to be always in the noise-dominated regime. Nevertheless, the analysis allows to detect regularities of the underlying dynamics. By comparing the results of these three different examples, we discuss the possibility of determining from a time series whether the underlying dynamics is dominated by noise or not.
The CI-FLOW Project: A System for Total Water Level Prediction from the Summit to the Sea
Creators: name: Eslinger, Dave
name: Hong, Yang
name: Bandy, Rich
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Wengren, Micah
name: Hamill, Todd
name: Losego, Jessica Proud
name: Thigpen, Jack
name: Stickney, Robert
name: Feldt, John
name: Orrock, Jeff
name: Schmidt, John
name: Spence, Lundie
name: Blanton, Brian
name: Vergara, Humberto
name: Lander, Howard
name: Olmi, Geno
name: Kolar, Randall
name: Kelleher, Kevin
name: Bacon, Robert
name: Payne, Jeff
name: Tromble, Evan
name: Kain, John
name: Blaes, Jonathan
name: Flamig, Zac
name: Galluppi, Ken
name: Figurskey, Darin
name: Gourley, Jonathan
name: Moneypenny, Michael
name: Blain, Cheryl Ann
name: Langston, Carrie
name: Van Cooten, Suzanne
name: Goodall, Carin
name: Howard, Kenneth
name: Kelley, John
name: Moser, Heather
name: Luettich, Richard
name: Dresback, Kendra
name: Mosher, Katie
name: Nemunaitis-Monroe, Kodi
name: Greenlaw, Jason
name: Arthur, Ami
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Kildow et al. (2009) reported that coastal states support 81% of the U.S. population and generate 83 percent [$11.4 trillion (U.S. dollars) in 2007] of U.S. gross domestic product. Population trends show that a majority of coastal communities have transitioned from a seasonal, predominantly weekend, tourist-based economy to a year-round, permanently based, business economy where industry expands along shorelines and the workforce commutes from inland locations. As a result of this transition, costs associated with damage to the civil infrastructure and disruptions to local and regional economies due to coastal flooding events are escalating, pushing requirements for a new generation of flood prediction technologies and hydrologic decision support tools.
Estimating cause-specfic mortality from community- and facility-based data sources in the United Republic of Tanzania: options and implications for mortality burden estimates
Creators: name: Whiting, David R.
name: Chandramohan, Daniel
name: Wolfson, Lara J.
name: Setel, Philip W.
name: Hemed, Yusuf
name: Lopez, Alan D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Objective To compare mortality burden estimates based on direct measurement of levels and causes in communities with indirect estimates based on combining health facility cause-specific mortality structures with community measurement of mortality levels. Methods. Data from sentinel vital registration (SVR) with verbal autopsy (VA) were used to determine the cause-specific mortality burden at the community level in two areas of the United Republic of Tanzania. Proportional cause-specific mortality structures from health facilities were applied to counts of deaths obtained by SVR to produce modelled estimates. The burden was expressed in years of life lost. Findings. A total of 2884 deaths were recorded from health facilities and 2167 recorded from SVR/VAs. In the perinatal and neonatal age group cause-specific mortality rates were dominated by perinatal conditions and stillbirths in both the community and the facility data. The modelled estimates for chronic causes were very similar to those from SVR/VA. Acute febrile illnesses were coded more specifically in the facility data than in the VA. Injuries were more prevalent in the SVR/VA data than in that from the facilities. Conclusion. In this setting, improved International classification of diseases and health related problems, tenth revision (ICD-10) coding practices and applying facility-based cause structures to counts of deaths from communities, derived from SVR, appears to produce reasonable estimates of the cause-specific mortality burden in those aged 5 years and older determined directly from VA. For the perinatal and neonatal age group, VA appears to be required. Use of this approach in a nationally representative sample of facilities may produce reliable national estimates of the cause-specific mortality burden for leading causes of death in adults.
A large neighbourhood based heuristic for two-echelon routing problems
Creators: name: Breunig, Ulrich
name: Schmid, Verena
name: Hartl, Richard F.
name: Vidal, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address two optimisation problems arising in the context of city logistics and two-level transportation systems. The two-echelon vehicle routing problem and the two-echelon location routing problem seek to produce vehicle itineraries to deliver goods to customers, with transits through intermediate facilities. To efficiently solve these problems, we propose a hybrid metaheuristic which combines enumerative local searches with destroy-and-repair principles, as well as some tailored operators to optimise the selections of intermediate facilities. We conduct extensive computational experiments to investigate the contribution of these operators to the search performance, and measure the performance of the method on both problem classes. The proposed algorithm finds the current best known solutions, or better ones, for 95% of the two-echelon vehicle routing problem benchmark instances. Overall, for both problems, it achieves high-quality solutions within short computing times. Finally, for future reference, we resolve inconsistencies between different versions of benchmark instances, document their differences, and provide them all online in a unified format.
Optimising the neutron environment of Radiation Portal Monitors: a computational optimisation study
Creators: name: Gilbert, Mark R.
name: Ghani, Zamir
name: Packer, Lee W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient and reliable detection of radiological or nuclear threats is a crucial part of national and international efforts to prevent terrorist activities. Radiation Portal Monitors (RPMs), which are deployed worldwide, are intended to interdict smuggled fissile material by detecting emissions of neutrons and gamma rays. However, considering the range and variety of threat sources, vehicular and shielding scenarios, and that only a small signature is present, it is important that the design of the RPMs allows these signatures to be accurately differentiated from the environmental background. Using Monte-Carlo neutron-transport simulations of a model helium-3 detector system we have conducted a parameter study to identify the optimum combination of detector shielding and collimation that maximises the sensitivity of RPMs. These structures, which could be simply and cost-effectively added to existing RPMs, can improve the detector response by more than a factor of two relative to an unmodified, bare design. Furthermore, optimisation of the air gap surrounding the helium tubes also improves detector efficiency.
description: 19 figures
Bio-effectors to optimize the mineral nutrition of crop plants
Creators: name: Weinmann, Markus
name: Neumann, Günter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This chapter examines bio-effectors in relations to plant mineral nutrition optimization. The generic term “bio-effector” refers to the wide range of living organisms and natural compounds that can be used as active agents in biological approaches for crop production. They provide components in bio-stimulants and other products that improve the ability of crops to metabolize nutrients. The chapter reviews the wealth of research on the mechanism of action, applications and efficacy of key bio-stimulants such as Bacillus species, Pseudomonas species, Trichoderma species and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
(102203) Winifred Mary Williams Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Interannual variability of growth and reproduction in Bursera simaruba : the role of allometry and resource variability
Creators: name: Hulshof, Catherine
name: Swenson, Nathan
name: Stegen, James
name: Enquist, Carolyn
name: Enquist, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Plants are expected to differentially allocate resources to reproduction, growth, and survival in order to maximize overall fitness. Life history theory predicts that the allocation of resources to reproduction should occur at the expense of vegetative growth. Although it is known that both organism size and resource availability can influence life history traits, few studies have addressed how size dependencies of growth and reproduction and variation in resource supply jointly affect the coupling between growth and reproduction. In order to understand the relationship between growth and reproduction in the context of resource variability, we utilize a long-term observational data set consisting of 670 individual trees over a 10-year period within a local population of Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. We (1) quantify the functional form and variability in the growth-reproduction relationship at the population and individual-tree level and (2) develop a theoretical framework to understand the allometric dependence of growth and reproduction. Our findings suggest that the differential responses of allometric growth and reproduction to resource availability, both between years and between microsites, underlie the apparent relationship between growth and reproduction. Finally, we offer an alternative approach for quantifying the relationship between growth and reproduction that accounts for variation in allometries.
(102208) Richard Phillips
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Minority-Variant pfcrt K76T Mutations and Chloroquine Resistance, Malawi
Creators: name: Cappell, Kathryn
name: Meshnick, Steven
name: Kwiek, Jesse
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Juliano, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Genotyping of the chloroquine-resistance biomarker pfcrt (Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene) suggests that, in the absence of chloroquine pressure, Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Malawi have reverted to chloroquine sensitivity. However, malaria infections in Africa are commonly polyclonal, and standard PCRs cannot detect minority genotypes if present in <20% of the parasites in an individual host. We have developed a multiple site-specific heteroduplex tracking assay (MSS-HTA) that can detect pfcrt 76T mutant parasites consisting of as little as 1% of the parasite population. In clinical samples, no pfcrt 76T was detected in 87 pregnant Malawian women by standard PCR. However, 22 (25%) contained minority-variant resistant genotypes detected by the MSS-HTA. These results were confirmed by subcloning and sequencing. This finding suggests that the chloroquine-resistant genotype remains common in Malawians and that PCR-undetectable drug-resistant genotypes may be present in disease-endemic populations. Surveillance for minority-variant drug resistant mutations may be useful in making antimalarial drug policy.
(102211) Llewelyn Phillips
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The American Soldier in World War II: Redeployment and Demobilization--Part U
Creators: name: Research Branch, Information
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Rank in military; length of time in army; combat experience; entitled to wear campaign stars; military awards and decorations; branch of army; understanding of why US is in war; worth fighting in war; low/high spirits while in military; discharging soldiers from war; square deal from army; army redeployment and readjustment plan; army score card plan; back to US under army score card plan; overseas duty; army orientation hour; source of information about army score card plan; respondent's physical condition; length of time overseas; combat outfit overseas v.s. non-combat outfit overseas v.s. US outfit; soldiers v.s. working a war job; military control and discipline; health of soldiers.
(102233) Edith Isabel Wilkinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102199) Daniel Leonard Davies
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102201) Trevor Bruce
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Permanent Rabi oscillations in coupled exciton-photon systems with PT-symmetry
Creators: name: Chestnov, I. Y.
name: Demirchyan, S. S.
name: Arakelian, S. M.
name: Alodjants, A. P.
name: Rubo, Y. G.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a physical mechanism which enables permanent Rabi oscillations in driven-dissipative condensates of exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities subjected to external magnetic fields. The method is based on incoherent excitonic reservoir engineering. We demonstrate that permanent non-decaying oscillations may appear due to the parity-time (PT) symmetry of the coupled exciton-photon system realised in a specific regime of pumping to the exciton state and depletion of the reservoir. For effective non-zero exciton-photon detuning, permanent Rabi oscillations occur with unequal amplitudes of exciton and photon components. Our predictions pave way to realisation of integrated circuits based on exciton-polariton condensates.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Geysers geothermal field: results from shear-wave splitting analysis in a fractured reservoir
Creators: name: Rial, J. A.
name: Elkibbi, Maya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Clear shear-wave splitting (SWS) is observed in 1757 high signal-to-noise ratio microearthquake seismograms recorded by two high density seismic arrays in the NW and the SE Geysers geothermal fields in California. The Geysers reservoir rocks within the study area are largely composed of lithic, low-grade metamorphism, well-fractured metagraywackes which commonly lack schistosity, warranting the general assumption that shear-wave splitting here is induced solely by stress-aligned fracturing in an otherwise isotropic medium. The high quality of observed shear-wave splitting parameters (fast shear-wave polarization directions and time delays) and the generally good data spatial coverage provide an unprecedented opportunity to demonstrate the applicability and limitations of the shear-wave splitting approach to successfully detect fracture systems in the shallow crust based on SWS field observations from a geothermal reservoir. Results from borehole stations in the NW Geysers indicate that polarization orientations range between N and N60E; while in the SE Geysers, ground surface stations show polarization directions that are generally N5E, N35E-to-N60E, N75E-to-N85E, and N20W-to-N55W. Crack orientations obtained from observed polarization orientations are in good agreement with independent field evidence, such as cracks in geological core data, tracer tests, locally mapped fractures, and the regional tectonic setting. Time delays range typically between 8 and 40 ms km, indicating crack densities well within the norm of fractured reservoirs. The sizeable collection of high resolution shear-wave splitting parameters shows evidence of prevalent vertical to nearly vertical fracture patterns in The Geysers field. At some locations, however, strong variations of SWS parameters with ray azimuth and incident angle within the shear-wave window of seismic stations indicate the presence of more complex fracture patterns in the subsurface.
Anosov geodesic flows, billiards and linkages
Creators: name: Kourganoff, Mickaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D20, 53D25, 70E55

description: Any smooth surface in R^3 may be flattened along the z-axis, and the flattened surface becomes close to a billiard table in R^2 . We show that, under some hypotheses, the geodesic flow of this surface converges locally uniformly to the billiard flow. Moreover, if the billiard is dispersive and has finite horizon, then the geodesic flow of the corresponding surface is Anosov. We apply this result to the theory of mechanical linkages and their dynamics: we provide a new example of a simple linkage whose physical behavior is Anosov. For the first time, the edge lengths of the mechanism are given explicitly.
description: 27 pages
The Defecating Duck, Or, The Ambiguous Origins of Artificial Life
Creators: name: Riskin, Jessica
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Automata
subject: Androids
subject: Enlightenment

description: An eighteenth-century mechanical duck that swallowed corn and grain and, after a pregnant pause, relieved itself of an authentic-looking burden was the improbable forebear of modern technologies designed to simulate animal and intelligent processes. Quaint as the Duck now seems, we remain in an age that it inaugurated; its mixed career set in motion a dynamic that has characterized the subsequent history of artificial life.
title: Conceptualizing Greek Women's Resistance(s) through Their Narratives of Abuse by Their Male Partners: A Social Work Perspective
Creators: name: Soumpasi, Anastasia
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2009

description: This thesis interrogates Greek women's narratives of abuse by their male partners informed by feminist narrative analysis. Drawing from relevant literature which views resistance as inevitable where oppression is present Greek women's narratives of abuse by their male partners are contextualized within the Greek social and cultural context. By analyzing Greek women's narratives common and different forms of resistance to abuse become evident which challenge depictions of women who have been abused by their male partners as pure victims and instead scrutinise their particular and located social and material conditions which shape the ways they manage abuse and narrate ways of resisting. Throughout my thesis my main argument has been that the Greek women I interviewed have narrated resistance(s) towards their partners' abuse and that these resistance(s) are contextualized, diverse and complex. By interpreting Greek women's coping strategies as resistance both women's strengths and the multiple constraints on women's agency posed by their social and cultural context are highlighted. A further argument is that in order for Greek women to unpack their resistance towards abuse and provide some critical understandings of their experience of abuse within which resistance occurs a theoretical context is needed which encompasses the ambivalence social progress and traditional values have generated. This theoretical context needs to consider structural inequalities and gender oppression as evident in women's narratives while at the same time being attentive to each woman's biography and complexity. A feminist-informed social work practice with women who have been abused by their male partners can redefine the problem by reference to the context of social power relations and deflect blame from women for their perceived victimization. When blame is deflected from women space is opened up for exploring women's strengths as feminist social work suggests.
Intrinsic and scattering attenuation of the Mt Fuji Region, Japan
Creators: name: Chung, Tae Woong
name: Ukawa, Motoo
name: Lees, Jonathan
name: Yoshimoto, Kazuo
name: Fujita, Eisuke
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Mount Fuji is the focus of intense study because of its potential hazard signaled by seismic, geologic and historical activity. Based on extensive seismic data recorded in the vicinity of Mt Fuji, coda quality factor () using a single scattering model hypothesis, and intrinsic and scattering quality factor ( and ) using the Multiple Lapse Time Window (MLTW) method were measured. To focus the study on the magmatic structure below Mt Fuji, the data were separated into two groups: a near-Fuji region of rays traversing an area with radius 5 km around the summit ( < 5 km), and a far-Fuji region of rays beyond a radius of 20 km around the summit ( > 20 km). This classification shows the largest discrepancy of at a range of sampling volumes corresponding to overlapped sampling depth of about 80 km. Further, the spatial division shows significant difference of and at hypocentral distance of 80 km. The large difference of in bandwidths 2–4, and 4–8 Hz indicates lithospheric heterogeneity beneath Mt Fuji with a characteristic heterogeneity scale length of about 1 km. The results have a small error range due to the large data sample, showing that all values in the near-Fuji area are greater than those of the far-Fuji area, and for both the near and far-Fuji areas is higher than at high frequencies. The and values for far-Fuji are in the range of values for typical non-volcanic areas. The values of the near-Fuji area are lower than those of other volcanic areas considered, where as values of are not. The low for the volcanic region of near-Fuji suggests that the magmatic activity, indicated by percent partial melt, in the vicinity of Mt Fuji is not as active as hot spot volcanoes, such as Kilauea, Hawaii.
On holomorphic Riemannian geometry and submanifolds of Wick-related spaces
Creators: name: Pessers, Victor
name: Van der Veken, Joeri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B25, 53C40, 53C56, 53C50

description: In this article we show how holomorphic Riemannian geometry can be used to relate certain submanifolds in one pseudo-Riemannian space to submanifolds with corresponding geometric properties in other spaces. In order to do so, we shall first rephrase and extend some background theory on holomorphic Riemannian manifolds, which is essential for the later application of the presented method.
description: 17 pages
Acoustic multipole source model for volcanic explosions and inversion for source parameters
Creators: name: Ruiz, Mario
name: Lees, Jonathan
name: Kim, Keehoon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Volcanic explosions are accompanied by strong acoustic pressure disturbances in the atmosphere. With a proper source model, these acoustic signals provide invaluable information about volcanic explosion dynamics. Far-field solutions to volcanic infrasound radiation have been derived above a rigid half-space boundary, and a simple inversion method was developed based on the half-space model. Acoustic monopole and dipole sources were estimated simultaneously from infrasound waveforms. Stability of the inversion procedure was assessed in terms of variances of source parameters, and the procedure was reliable with at least three stations around the infrasound source. Application of this method to infrasound observations recorded at Tungurahua volcano in Ecuador successfully produced a reasonable range of source parameters with acceptable variances. Observed strong directivity of infrasound radiation from explosions at Tungurahua are successfully explained by the directivity of a dipole source model. The resultant dipole axis, in turn, shows good agreement with the opening direction of the vent at Tungurahua, which is considered to be the origin of the dipole source. The method is general and can be utilized to study any monopole, dipole or combined sources generated by explosions.
Experimental Multi-Party Sequential State Discrimination
Creators: name: Solís-Prosser, M. A.
name: González, P.
name: Fuenzalida, J.
name: Gómez, S.
name: Xavier, G. B.
name: Delgado, A.
name: Lima, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a protocol for quantum state discrimination (QSD) in a multi-party scenario has been introduced [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 100501 (2013)]. In this protocol, Alice generates a quantum system in one of two pre-defined non-orthogonal qubit states, and the goal is to send the generated state information to different parties without classical communication exchanged between them during the protocol's session. The interesting feature is that, by resorting to sequential generalized measurements onto this single system, there is a non-vanishing probability that all observers identify the state prepared by Alice. Here, we present the experimental implementation of this protocol based on polarization single-photon states. Our scheme works over an optical network, and since QSD lies in the core of many protocols, it represents a step towards experimental multi-party quantum information processing.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Eighteenth-Century Wetware
Creators: name: Riskin, Jessica
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: automata
subject: simulations
subject: artificial life
subject: Enlightenment

description: This essay explores a similarity between the way people approached the relation of life to machinery during the second half of the eighteenth century, and the way they have been exploring this relation during the second half of the twentieth century and turn of the twenty-first. The essay describes a moment of intense interest in producing artificial life, from the 1730s to the 1790s, examines what set the
projects of this moment apart from previous and subsequent ways of conceiving the relations between animal and artificial machinery, and closes with some speculation about the similarity bctween the two epochs in the history of artificial life, then and now.
Mixed polarity reversible Peres gates
Creators: name: Moraga, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.1.2; B.6.1; B.6.3; G.2.3

description: Reversible Peres gates with more than two all over binary-valued control signals are discussed. Methods are disclosed for the low cost realization of this kind of Peres gates without requiring ancillary lines. Proper distribution of the controlled gates and their inverses allow driving the reversible Peres gate with control signals of different polarities.
description: 2 pages, 5 figures
Ambient noise tomography across the Central Andes
Creators: name: Ward, Kevin
name: Porter, Ryan
name: Tavera, Hernando
name: Minaya, Estela
name: Wagner, Lara
name: Beck, Susan
name: Zandt, George
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The Central Andes of southern Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Chile (between 12°S and 42°S) comprise the largest orogenic plateau in the world associated with abundant arc volcanism, the Central Andean Plateau, as well as multiple segments of flat-slab subduction making this part of the Earth a unique place to study various aspects of active plate tectonics. The goal of this continental-scale ambient noise tomography study is to incorporate broad-band seismic data from 20 seismic networks deployed incrementally in the Central Andes from 1994 May to 2012 August, to image the vertically polarized shear wave velocity (Vsv) structure of the South American Cordillera. Using dispersion measurements calculated from the cross-correlation of 330 broad-band seismic stations, we construct Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps in the period range of 8–40 s and invert these for the shear wave velocity (Vsv) structure of the Andean crust. We provide a dispersion misfit map as well as uncertainty envelopes for our Vsv model and observe striking first-order correlations with our shallow results (∼5 km) and the morphotectonic provinces as well as subtler geological features indicating our results are robust. Our results reveal for the first time the full extent of the mid-crustal Andean low-velocity zone that we tentatively interpret as the signature of a very large volume Neogene batholith. This study demonstrates the efficacy of integrating seismic data from numerous regional broad-band seismic networks to approximate the high-resolution coverage previously only available though larger networks such as the EarthScope USArray Transportable Array in the United States.
(102192) Charles Leslie Thomas
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.