cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a freshwater benthic community with special reference to the chironomidae.
Creators: name: Hamilton, Andrew Lloyd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The macroscopic bottom fauna of Marion Lake, British Columbia, was investigated from May, 1963 to September, 1964. The primary object was to document seasonal differences within and between specific populations and to interpret these difference in terms of the life histories of the species and their availability to a predator, rainbow trout. A detailed examination of the 51 species of Chironomidae known to occur in the lake has shown that the ecological characteristics of many of the closely related species are very different. Small species generally fed primarily on phytoplankton while the larger species ate more detritus and organic debris or other invertebrates. Predaceous species had more uniform distributions in the lake than did herbivores or detritus feeders. Most species of the subfamily Orthocladinae emerged in spring or fall and grew rapidly during the winter. The species of Chironominae and Tanypodinae usually emerged during the spring and summer and grew very little during the winter. Summer emerging Chironominae emerged later over deep water whereas the Tanypodinae emerged at much the same time above all depths. Larvae which underwent frequent vertical migrations had a higher mortality rate and were found more frequently in the stomachs of rainbow trout than larvae which rarely or never migrated. Many of the benthic organisms were not effectively utilized by rainbow trout. Organisms which numerically constituted approximately 1.5% of the benthic fauna accounted for more than 50% of the food items found in the trout stomachs. Large forms, such as the Odonata and Trichoptera and species which frequently moved off the bottom, formed the bulk of the food; small species and some of the species which were entirely benthic were rare or absent in the trout stomachs analyzed. This study has shown some of the advantages of working at the species level. Although studies at this level are tedious and often necessitate a time consuming taxonomic study, the additional information is likely to justify the extra effort. The results of ecological investigations that are not carried out at the species level ignore, or at best oversimplify, relationships that exist. Indeed, a comprehensive understanding of, for example, energy transfer within a community, is impossible without a detailed knowledge of the life histories of the species involved.
Low-coherence interferometric measurement of the spectral dependence of the light field backscattered by optical interfaces
Creators: name: Lequime, Michel
name: Khan, Imran
name: Zerrad, Myriam
name: Amra, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show how the combined use of low coherence interferometry, balanced detection and data processing comparable to that used in Fourier transform spectrometry allows us to characterize with ultimate resolutions (sub-ppm in level, 0.2 nm in wavelength and 5 mdeg in angle) the retro-reflection and retro-scattering response of both sides of a 2 mm thick silica wafer.
Political consequences of Pacific island electoral laws
Creators: name: Fraenkel, Jon
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: State, Society and Governance in Melanesia (SSGM), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2005
Subjects: governance
Pacific Islands
party polarisation
electoral laws
sociological law

description: "This working paper surveys the range of electoral system types and party structures across the Pacific Islands and considers the viability of contemporary electoral reforms aimed at strengthening party systems. For each region, the paper surveys in brief all countries, but focuses in detail on one or two countries in which particularly topical electoral issues arise. As an antidote to the approach of setting up the familiar party-based model, and then examining the extent to which Pacific politics achieves that style of organisation, we examine first the western and northern independent Pacific states where political parties are of least significance and then look at those Polynesian countries where political parties have assumed greater significance before focussing on the most strongly party-centred ethnically bipolar states of Fiji and New Caledonia." - page 3-4
Viral and fungal pathogens associated with Pneumolaelaps niutirani (Acari: Laelapidae): a mite found in diseased nests of Vespula wasps
Creators: name: Felden, A
name: Baty, James
name: Bulgarella, Mariana
name: Brown, RL
name: Dobelmann, Jana
name: Gruber, MAM
name: Quinn, O
name: Lester, Philip
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology

description: © 2019, International Union for the Study of Social Insects (IUSSI). Introduced social wasps (Vespula spp.) are a pest in many parts of the world. Recently, a mite species (Pneumolaelaps niutirani) was described and associated with disease symptoms in wasps. The mite does not appear to directly parasitise the wasps, but has been observed in high abundance, feeding on exudates from the mouths of larvae. We investigated the viral and fungal pathogens community in these mites and wasps. We found known viruses including Moku virus in both wasps and mites. Moku virus replicated in mites, likely indicating parasitism. Deformed wing virus, commonly found in wasps, was also detected in mite samples. Furthermore, the presence of putative viral transcripts related to 38 distinct viruses, including seven viruses previously isolated from arthropods, indicated that there may be many more viruses associated with the mite that are potentially shared with Vespula wasps. We also found generalist entomopathogenic fungus Aspergillus to infect both mites and wasps. Twelve distinct Aspergillus species were observed, all of which were found in wasp larvae from nests displaying symptoms of disease, with only one species in larvae from apparently healthy nests. Aspergillus novofumigatus was the most common of these species observed in wasps. Six Aspergillus species, including A. novofumigatus were detected in mites. Aspergillus loads were significantly higher in larvae from diseased nests. Our exploratory study indicates that mites can harbour both viruses and fungi that infect wasps, providing avenues of research into biological control using mites as infection vectors.
On Riemann type relations for theta functions on bounded symmetric domains of type $I$
Creators: name: Nagano, Atsuhira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11F27, Secondary 32M15, 14K25

description: We provide a practical technique to obtain plenty of algebraic relations for theta functions on the bounded symmetric domains of type $I$. In our framework, each theta relation is controlled by combinatorial properties of a pair $(T,P)$ of a regular matrix $T$ over an imaginary quadratic field and a positive-definite Hermitian matrix $P$ over the complex number field.
description: 16 pages, typos are corrected, unclear descriptions are corrected, abstract is revised
Varikotseele ja teiste mehe suguelundeid mõjutavate haiguste levimus ning mõju munandi mahule
Creators: name: Peetsalu, Ants
name: Punab, Margus
name: Poolamets, Olev
name: Korrovits, Paul
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: mehe suguelundite haigused, varikotseele, munandi maht

description: Sugutraktihaigused on kõige olulisemad ravitavad mehepoolse viljatuse riskitegurid. Töö eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada kliiniliselt väljendunud sugutraktihaiguste levimus lastetutel meestel võrreldes kontrollrühmaks võetud noorte Eesti meeste vastavate näitajatega. Ühtlasi uuriti munandikoti veenilaiendi kui kõige sagedamini mehe viljakust mõjutava haiguse mõju munandi mahule.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (2): 80–84
description: Eesti Arst, Veebruar 2003
Püsivate orgaaniliste ühendite sisaldus Eesti võis
Creators: name: Roots, Ott
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: polüklorobifenüülid, kloororgaanilised pestitsiidid, toit, või, Euroopa, Eesti

description: Inimese tervise seisukohalt on püsivate orgaaniliste ühendite (POÜ) sisaldus inimeste toidus ohtlik. POÜd võivad olla kantserogeensed, põhjustada porfüüriat ja hormonaalse tasakaalu häireid, samuti pidurdada organismi immuunvastust. Arvatakse, et inimesed saavad 41,6% POÜdest kalast; 27,7% piimatoodetest; 11,3% rasvadest; 10,4% lihast; 6,8% puu- ja juurviljadest jne (1). Eestis puuduvad siiani POÜde piirnormid võis.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (2): 98–101
description: Eesti Arst, Veebruar 2003
Geometric Theory of Mechanical Screening in two-dimensional solids
Creators: name: Livne, Noemie
name: Schiller, Amit
name: Moshe, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holes in mechanical metamaterials, quasi-localized plastic events in amorphous solids, and bound dislocations in a hexatic matter are different mechanisms of generic stress relaxation in solids. Regardless of the specific mechanism, these and other local stress relaxation modes are quadrupolar in nature, forming the foundation for stress screening in solids, similar to polarization fields in electrostatic media. We propose a geometric theory for stress screening in generalized solids based on this observation. The theory includes a hierarchy of screening modes, each characterized by internal length scales, and is partially analogous to theories of electrostatic screening such as dielectrics and Debye-H{ü}ckel theory. Additionally, our formalism suggests that the hexatic phase, traditionally defined by structural properties, can also be defined by mechanical properties and may exist in amorphous materials.
Solar abundances and 3D model atmospheres
Creators: name: Ludwig, H. -G.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Freytag, B.
name: Cayrel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present solar photospheric abundances for 12 elements from optical and near-infrared spectroscopy. The abundance analysis was conducted employing 3D hydrodynamical (CO5BOLD) as well as standard 1D hydrostatic model atmospheres. We compare our results to others with emphasis on discrepancies and still lingering problems, in particular exemplified by the pivotal abundance of oxygen. We argue that the thermal structure of the lower solar photosphere is very well represented by our 3D model. We obtain an excellent match of the observed center-to-limb variation of the line-blanketed continuum intensity, also at wavelengths shortward of the Balmer jump.
description: Contributed paper, to be published in the proceedings of IAU Symposium 265, eds. K. Cunha, M. Spite, and B. Barbuy, Cambridge University Press (CUP). 2 figures, 4 pages
title: Investigation of the Effects of Split Sleep Schedules on Commercial Vehicle Driver Safety and Health [Research Brief]
Creators: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration: Technology Division
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2012
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91739
subject: Drivers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91821
subject: Sleep
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90684
subject: Human factors in crashes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91813
subject: Fatigue (Physiological condition)

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the consequences for safety and health of split sleep versus consolidated sleep by comparing the effects of consolidated nighttime sleep, split sleep, and consolidated daytime sleep on total sleep time, performance, subjective state, and biomedical measures that correlate with health outcomes over the long term. An in-residence laboratory study was conducted on 53 healthy participants making a between-group comparison of nighttime, split, or daytime sleep across a 5-day simulated workweek. The effect of the three sleep conditions was measured on sleep by polysomnography (PSG), performance by the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), high fidelity driving simulator, digit-symbol substitution task (DSST), and subjective state, as well as the long-term health-related biomedical measurements of blood glucose, interleukin 6 (IL-6), leptin, testosterone, and blood pressure (BP). In comparison to consolidated nighttime sleep or split sleep, participants in the daytime sleep condition slept less and were subjectively sleepier. While performance, mood, and BP were unaffected by sleep condition, there were elevations in glucose and testosterone in the daytime sleep condition at the end of the workweek. With respect to total sleep time and sleepiness, the findings of the present study suggest that split sleep is preferable to consolidated daytime sleep. This finding has implications for any revision of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) rules governing sleeper berth use in commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers
title: Analysis of Employment Service with Regard to the Thiokol Layoff
Creators: name: Pelovsky, Gerald
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: In 1963 the Wasatch Division of the Thiokol Chemical Corporation, located twenty miles west of Brigham City, Utah employed approximately 6,000 workers. In December of 1963 the Defense Department phased out major activities in which Thiokol was engaged and during the next three-year period about 4,000 workers were laid off. The greatest number of layoffs took place throughout the early months of 1964.
Ameloblastoomid ja nende kirurgilise ravi analüüs
Creators: name: Leibur, Edvitar
name: Herik, Marge
name: Soots, Marianne
name: Müürsepp, Peeter
name: Tamme, Tiia
name: Pintson, Ülo
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: odontogeensed kasvajad, ameloblastoom, kliinilised iseärasused, ravi

description: Ameloblastoomid on harva esinevad epiteliaalsed odontogeensed lõualuude kasvajad. Ameloblastoomi iseloomustab asümptomaatiline kulg, mistõttu kasvaja avastatakse tihti hilinenult. Ameloblastoom on healoomuline lõualuude kasvaja, mis võib anda hilisretsidiive. Seepärast on näidustatud radikaalne operatiivne ravi ning pikaajaline järelkontroll. Uuringus on retrospektiivselt analüüsitud 17 ameloblastoomi juhu põhjal kasvaja kliinilist pilti ja kirurgilise ravi tulemusi.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (2): 93–97
description: Eesti Arst, Veebruar 2003
Additional file 5 of The Bdkrb2 gene family provides a novel view of viviparity adaptation in Sebastes schlegelii
Creators: name: Niu, Jingjing
name: Song, Weihao
name: Li, Rui
name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Guan, Jian
name: Qi, Jie
name: He, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S4. Similarity comparison of amino acid sequences of the Bdkrb2 ORF in black rock fish. Ssc_13, Ssc_10023113; Ssc_14, Ssc_10023114; Ssc_15, Ssc_10023115; Ssc_16, Ssc_10023116; Ssc_17, Ssc_10023117; Ssc_18, Ssc_10023118; Ssc_19, Ssc_10023119; Ssc_20, Ssc_10023120. The results are shaded to four levels. Dark shadows indicate very high conservative amino acid residues.
Alkoholisõltuva suremuse hariduserinevused Eestis – kas meil on vaja seda teada?
Creators: name: Baburin, Aleksei
name: Leon, David
name: Rahu, Kaja
name: Rahu, Mati
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: epidemioloogia, haridustase, alkohol, suremus

description: Eesmärgil uurida haridustaseme kui sotsiaal-majandusliku seisundi markeri ja alkoholisõltuva suremuse vahelist seost analüüsiti Eesti suremuse andmebaasi alusel vanuses 25–59 aastat asetleidnud surmasid 1983–2000. Risk surra alkoholisõltuvasse haigusesse suurenes madalama haridustaseme korral. Riski hariduserinevused olid eriti suured naisrahvastikus ja mitte-eestlastel. Riigi tervisepoliitika kujundamine eeldab rahvastiku terviseseire süsteemi õigusliku aluse loomist, mis tagaks kõigekülgsete andmete saamise rahvaloenduste, sündmusstatistika, registrite ja valikuuringutega.

Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (2): 85–92
description: Eesti Arst, Veebruar 2003
Anomalous Phonons in CaFe2As2
Creators: name: Mittal, R.
name: Pintschovius, L.
name: Lamago, D.
name: Heid, R.
name: Bohnen, K. P.
name: Reznik, D.
name: Chaplot, S. L.
name: Su, Y.
name: Kumar, N.
name: Dhar, S. K.
name: Thamizhavel, A.
name: Brueckel, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive inelastic neutron scattering measurements of phonons on a single crystal of CaFe2As2 allowed us to establish a fairly complete picture of phonon dispersions in the main symmetry directions. The phonon spectra were also calculated by density functional theory (DFT) in the local density approximation (LDA). There are serious discrepancies between calculations done for the optimized structure and experiment, because the optimised structure is not the ambient pressure structure but is very close to the collapsed structure reached at p = 3.5 kbar. However, if the experimental crystal structure is used the calculation gives correct frequencies of most phonons. The most important new result is that linewidths/frequencies of certain modes are larger/softer than predicted by DFT-LDA. We also observed strong temperature dependence of some phonons near the structural phase transition near 173K. This behavior may indicate anomalously strong electron phonon coupling and/or anharmonicity, which may be important to the mechanism of superconductivity.
description: 12 pages, 3 figues Revised version, Final version, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
title: Determining Market Areas for Livestock Grazing
Creators: name: Williams, Robert G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: Differentials between rancher costs of operating on private and public range were studied in an attempt to define market areas for livestock grazing in western United States.
The problem of defining market areas is basically a problem of grouping differentials between rancher costs of grazing on private leased range and National Forests that are reasonably homogeneous and statistically testing differences among means of the different groups.
Several methods were used to group forests with reasonably uniform differentials into market areas for cattle. A grouping of forests which have the same ave rage grazing fee does not, however, yield market areas which are statistically different from each other.
Puusaliigeste arenguline nihestus Ülevaade ja haigusjuhu kirjeldus
Creators: name: Kuum, Mare
name: Lõivukene, Ragnar
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: puusaliiges, arenguline nihestus

description: Artiklis on antud ülevaade 5 aasta vanuse tütarlapse haigusjuhust, keda raviti kirurgiliselt varem diagnoosimata vasaku puusaliigese arengulise nihestuse tõttu. Lühidalt on tutvustatud puusaliigese arengulise nihestuse etioloogiat ning diagnostika ja ravi põhimõtteid.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (2): 115–121
description: Eesti Arst, Veebruar 2003
RAVIJUHEND. Epilepsia käsitlusjuhend
Creators: name: Õun, Andre
name: Nurmiste, Andres
name: Beilmann, Anneli
name: Mägi, Matt
name: Haldre, Sulev
name: Talvik, Tiina
name: Sander, Valentin
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: epilepsia, diagnostika, ravi, käsitlusjuhend

description: Käsitlusjuhend toetub nõuete esitamisel teadus- kirjanduses esitatud üldistele ravisoovitustele ja uurimismeetoditele ning vastavatele standarditele. Käsitlusjuhend on koostatud selleks, et tagada tõenduspõhisele meditsiinile ja heale kliinilisele tavale vastav epilepsiahaigete uurimine ja ravi Eestis. Käsitlusjuhend ei ole kõikehõlmav epilepsia käsiraamat ja selle eesmärk ei ole detailselt käsitleda epilepsia erinevaid valdkondi.
description: Eesti Arst, Veebruar 2003
On higher-spin ${\mathcal{N}=2}$ supercurrent multiplets
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Raptakis, Emmanouil S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate on the structure of higher-spin $\mathcal{N}=2$ supercurrent multiplets in four dimensions. It is shown that associated with every conformal supercurrent $J_{α(m) \dotα(n)}$ (with $m,n$ non-negative integers) is a descendant $J^{ij}_{α(m+1) \dotα(n+1)}$ with the following properties: (a) it is a linear multiplet with respect to its $\mathsf{SU}(2)$ indices, that is $ D_β^{(i} J^{ jk)}_{α(m+1) \dotα(n+1) }=0$ and $ \bar D_{\dot β}^{(i} J^{jk)}_{ α(m+1) \dotα(n+1) }=0$; and (b) it is conserved, $\partial^{β\dotβ} J^{ij}_{βα(m) \dotβ \dotα(n)}=0$. Realisations of the conformal supercurrents $J_{α(s) \dotα(s)}$, with $s=0,1, \dots$, are naturally provided by a massless hypermultiplet and a vector multiplet. It turns out that such supercurrents and their linear descendants $J^{ij}_{α(s+1) \dotα(s+1)}$ do not occur in the harmonic-superspace framework recently described in arXiv:2212.14114. Making use of a massive hypermultiplet, we derive non-conformal higher-spin $\mathcal{N}=2$ supercurrent multiplets. Additionally, we derive the higher symmetries of the kinetic operators for both a massive and massless hypermultiplet. Building on this analysis, we sketch the construction of higher-derivative gauge transformations for the off-shell arctic multiplet $Υ^{(1)}$, which are expected to be vital in the framework of consistent interactions between $Υ^{(1)}$ and superconformal higher-spin gauge multiplets.
description: 23 pages; V2: comments, references and a new appendix added; V3: published version
title: An Individualized Developmental Reading Program for Junior High School
Creators: name: Zeller, Faye Merrims
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: The majority of high school dropouts read below the grade level at which they dropped out; nearly half read at or below the sixth-grade level. Students who " ... learn to read better are usually able to do better work in their subjects of study." Major authorities concur that maturity of reading achievement is crucial to success in college. Th e student whose reading instruction ceased with elementary school may find he is ". . . no better reader at the end of senior high school than he was when he entered high school." Developmental reading for all types of students can be a deciding factor in their future. Conant states that it should be available on a voluntary basis " ... for all the pupils in the school. The counselors and teachers of English should . . . urge students to take advantage of the opportunity .... " Such programs are specifically check listed in The Evaluative Criteria for Junior High Schools.
Dissecting the Mid-Infrared Heart of M83 with JWST
Creators: name: Hernandez, Svea
name: Jones, Logan
name: Smith, Linda J.
name: Togi, Aditya
name: Aloisi, Alessandra
name: Blair, William P.
name: Hirschauer, Alec S.
name: Hunt, Leslie K.
name: James, Bethan L.
name: Kumari, Nimisha
name: Mingozzi, Matilde
name: Ramambason, Lise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first look at the MRS observations of the nucleus of the nearby galaxy M83, taken with MIRI onboard JWST. The observations show a rich set of emission features from the ionized gas, warm molecular gas, and dust. To begin dissecting the complex processes in this part of the galaxy, we divide the observations into four different regions. We find that the strength of the emission features varies strongly from region to region, with the south-east region displaying the weakest features tracing the dust continuum and ISM properties. Comparison between the cold molecular gas traced by the $^{12}$CO (1-0) transition with ALMA and the H$_2$ S(1) transition shows a similar spatial distribution. This is in contrast to the distribution of the much warmer H$_2$ emission from the S(7) transition found to be concentrated around the optical nucleus. We use the rotational emission lines and model the H$_2$ excitation to estimate a total molecular gas mass accounting for the warm H$_2$ component of M($>$50 K)$_{\rm H_{2}}$ = 67.90 ($\pm 5.43$)$\times$10$^{6}$ M$_{\odot}$. We compare this value to the total gas mass inferred by probing the cold H$_2$ gas through the $^{12}$CO (1-0) emission, M(CO)$_{\rm H_{2}}$ = 17.15$\times$10$^{6}$ M$_{\odot}$. We estimate that $\sim$75\% of the total molecular gas mass is contained in the warm H$_2$ component. We also identify [\ion{O}{4}] 25.89 $μ$m and [\ion{Fe}{2}] 25.99 $μ$m emission. We propose that the diffuse [\ion{Fe}{2}] 25.99 $μ$m emission might be tracing shocks created during the interactions between the hot wind produced by the starburst and the much cooler ISM above the galactic plane. More detailed studies are needed to confirm such a scenario.
description: 13 pages, 3 Tables, 8 Figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: A Study of Problems Preventing the Implementation of Programs for the Educable Mentally Retarded in Utah
Creators: name: Beitia, John L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: The purposes of the study were to determine the level of priority of importance of administrative problem areas and specific problem items preventing the implementation of special programs for the educable mentally retarded in Utah. The study was conducted using a survey of twenty-seven school districts in the state of Utah lacking a sequential program for the educable mentally retarded in grades one through six.
A questionnaire was sent to 184 selected respondents, including school board chairmen, superintendents, and elementary principals. Responses were received from 92 percent of the original selection. The respondent was asked to rank each of the problem items according to one of five choices, major, moderate, average, minor, or no problem to implementation.
Results were evaluated on the basis of agreement among the rankings of the respondents, the relationship of the rankings, priority of the administrative areas, priority of the problem items, and individual group rankings. Statistical treatment revealed significance at the .01 level for the level of agreement and relationship among the rankings of the administrative problem areas. Further treatment revealed the priority of administrative problem categories in order of major importance to be: (1) professional personnel, (2) pupil personnel; (3) supervision , (4) communications, (5) research, (6) finance, and (7) policy.
Individual problem items used in the questionnaire were ranked by priority of importance as perceived by the respondents as a combined group as well as by individual groups. There were sixty-two problem items ranked in order of priority.
The conclusions arrived at as a result of the analysis of the data included: (1) there was a high level of agreement among the perceptions of the administrators in ranking the importance of the problem areas and specific items , (2) the respondents as individual and combined groups perceived the category of obtaining and retaining qualified professional personnel as the major problem to implementation of the special program, (3) the individual problem of greatest concern was the obtaining of a qualified classroom teacher for the educable mentally retarded, (4) communications are needed to inform the parents, public, and school faculty to gain support for t he educational needs of the educable mentally retarded, (5) administrators recognize the need for early identification of the potential retardate, accurate diagnosis and educational placement as important to program implementation, and (6) it appeared that present school policies are adequate in meeting the needs of program implementation of the educable mentally retarded.
How adsorption influences DNA denaturation
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
name: Gevorkian, Zh. S.
name: Hu, Chin-Kun
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The thermally induced denaturation of DNA in the presence of attractive solid surface is studied. The two strands of DNA are modeled via two coupled flexible chains without volume interactions. If the two strands are adsorbed on the surface, the denaturation phase-transition disappears. Instead, there is a smooth crossover to a weakly naturated state. Our second conclusion is that even when the inter-strand attraction alone is too weak for creating a naturated state at the given temperature, and also the surface-strand attraction alone is too weak for creating an adsorbed state, the combined effect of the two attractions can lead to a naturated and adsorbed state.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
Metabolism of 2-ketogluconate by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Creators: name: Kay, William Wayne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The non-phosphorylated oxidative pathway of glucose dissimilation has been confirmed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using whole cells and cell-free extracts. The oxidation of glucose to 2-ketogluconate was complete and stoichiometric in cell-free extracts and cell-free extracts of glucose grown cells were shown to be incapable of metabolizing 2-ketogluconate. It was shown that whole cells completely degraded 2-ketogluconate and quantitatively accumulated pyruvic acid in the presence of specific inhibitors. The initial step involved in 2-ketogluconate dissimilation was found to be exceptionally labile to the effects of a variety of metabolic inhibitors. The metabolism of 2-ketogluconate was demonstrated to involve the initial phosphorylation with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the phosphate donor. The resultant intermediate, 2-keto-6-phosphogluconate, was identified and was shown to undergo reduction by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate linked reductase to 6-phosphogluconate which, in turn, was metabolized to pyruvate by enzymes of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Radioactivity from 2-ketogluconate-C¹⁴ was rapidly incorporated into cellular constituents, primarily protein, by washed cell suspensions of P. aeruginosa, but oxidation of 2-ketogluconate did not involve the accumulation of keto-acid intermediates. The role of 2-ketogluconic acid as a key intermediate for the conservation of excess carbon under conditions where nitrogen is limiting was discussed.
title: Onboard Safety System Effectiveness Evaluation [Tech Brief]
title: Onboard Safety Systems Effectiveness Evaluation [Tech Brief]
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration: Technology Division
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89348
subject: Crash avoidance systems
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89275
subject: Driver support systems

description: This research study evaluated three vehicle-based driver assistance technologies that aim to improve the safety of in-service commercial motor vehicle (CMV) operations. These commonly deployed onboard safety systems (OBSS)—lane departure warning (LDW), roll stability control (RSC), and forward collision warning (FCW)—were examined using existing crash data acquired directly from participating motor carriers. The OBSSs were installed on Class 7 and 8 trucks and the data were collected while drivers operated their normal revenue-producing routes.
Electronic transport through a graphene-based ferromagnetic/normal/ferromagnetic junction
Creators: name: Chen, Jiang-chai
name: Cheng, Shu-guang
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
name: Sun, Qing-feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic transport in a graphene-based ferromagnetic/normal/ferromagnetic junction is investigated by means of Landauer-Büttiker formulism and the nonequilibrium Green's function technique. For the zigzag edge case, the results show that the conductance is always larger than $e^{2}/h$ for the parallel configuration of lead magnetizations, but for the antiparallel configuration the conductance becomes zero because of the band-selective rule. So a magnetoresistance (MR) plateau emerges with the value 100% when the Fermi energy is located around the Dirac point. Besides, choosing narrower graphene ribbons can obtain the wider 100% MR plateaus and the length change of the central graphene region does not affect the 100% MR plateaus. Although the disorder will reduce the MR plateau, the plateau value can be still kept about 50% even in a large disorder strength case. In addition, when the magnetizations of the left and right leads have a relative angle, the conductance changes as a cosine function of the angle. What is more, for the armchair edge case, the MR is usually small. So, it is more favorable to fabricate the graphene-based spin valve device by using the zigzag edge graphene ribbon.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Reconstructing charged-particle trajectories in the PANDA Straw Tube Tracker using the LOcal Track Finder (LOTF) algorithm
Creators: name: Gazagnes, Simon
name: Kalantar-Nayestanaki, Nasser
name: Messchendorp, Johan G.
name: Regina, Jenny
name: Stockmanns, Tobias
name: Wilkinson, Michael H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the LOcal Track Finder (LOTF) algorithm, a method that performs charged-particle trajectory reconstruction using the Straw Tube Tracker, one of the central trackers of the antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt (PANDA) detector. The algorithm builds upon the neighboring relations of the tubes to connect individual hits and form track candidates. In addition, it uses a local fitting procedure to handle regions where several tracks overlap and utilizes a system of virtual nodes to reconstruct the z-information of the particle trajectories. We generated 30,000 events to assess the performance of our approach and compared our results to two other track reconstruction methods. LOTF has (1) an average of 85\% of found tracks, (2) the largest number of Fully Pure tracks, (3) the lowest amount of incorrect reconstructions, and (4) is significantly faster than the other two approaches. Further, we compared the z-reconstruction performance with one of the two alternative methods and show that LOTF improves the median z-error by a factor of 8.7. Finally, we tested our method using 3,750 data sets composed of 4 events each, showing that our approach handles cases in which events are mixed. The raw (without parallelization) average reconstruction rate is about 68,000 hits/s, which makes the present algorithm promising for online data selection and processing.
description: Accepted to EPJ A - 20 pages, 18 figures, 1 table
First evidence for Casimir scaling in G(2) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Liptak, L.
name: Olejnik, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Potentials between static quarks and antiquarks from a few lowest representations were evaluated in numerical simulations of 4-dimensional pure G$_2$ lattice gauge theory at various couplings. The obtained potentials are linearly rising at intermediate distances and their string tensions exhibit (approximate) Casimir scaling. This result is in accordance with a model of the vacuum of non-Abelian gauge theories with a domain structure, in which the (color) magnetic flux randomly fluctuates within a domain, but the total flux in each domain is quantized in units of the gauge group center.
description: Contribution presented at the conference "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum VIII", Mainz, Germany, Sept. 1-6, 2008; 5 pages, 2 figures (5 EPS files), uses pos.cls
Sub-lethal effects of permethrin exposure on a passerine: Implications for managing ectoparasites in wild bird nests
Creators: name: Bulgarella, Mariana
name: Knutie, SA
name: Voss, MA
name: Cunninghame, F
name: Florence-Bennett, BJ
name: Robson, G
name: Keyzers, Robert
name: Taylor, LM
name: Lester, Philip
name: Heimpel, GE
name: Causton, CE
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Permethrin is increasingly used for parasite control in bird nests, including nests of threatened passerines. We present the first formal evaluation of the effects of continued permethrin exposure on the reproductive success and liver function of a passerine, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), for two generations. We experimentally treated all nest material with a 1% permethrin solution or a water control and provided the material to breeding finches for nest building. The success of two consecutive clutches produced by the parental generation and one clutch produced by first-generation birds were tracked. Finches in the first generation were able to reproduce and fledge offspring after permethrin exposure, ruling out infertility. Permethrin treatment had no statistically significant effect on the number of eggs laid, number of days from clutch initiation to hatching, egg hatch rate, fledgling mass or nestling sex ratio in either generation. However, treating nest material with permethrin significantly increased the number of hatchlings in the first generation and decreased fledgling success in the second generation. Body mass for hatchlings exposed to permethrin was lower than for control hatchlings in both generations, but only statistically significant for the second generation. For both generations, an interaction between permethrin treatment and age significantly affected nestling growth. Permethrin treatment had no effect on liver function for any generation. Permethrin was detected inside 6 of 21 exposed, non-embryonated eggs (28.5% incidence; range: 693-4781 ng of permethrin per gram of dry egg mass). Overall, results from exposing adults, eggs and nestlings across generations to permethrin-treated nest material suggest negative effects on finch breeding success, but not on liver function. For threatened bird conservation, the judicious application of this insecticide to control parasites in nests can result in lower nestling mortality compared to when no treatment is applied. Thus, permethrin treatment benefits may outweigh its sub-lethal effects.
Accuracy of spectroscopy-based radioactive dating of stars
Creators: name: Ludwig, H. -G.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Sbordone, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combined spectroscopic abundance analyses of stable and radioactive elements can be applied for deriving stellar ages. The achievable precision depends on factors related to spectroscopy, nucleosynthesis, and chemical evolution. We quantify the uncertainties arising from the spectroscopic analysis, and compare these to the other error sources. We derive formulae for the age uncertainties arising from the spectroscopic abundance analysis, and apply them to spectroscopic and nucleosynthetic data compiled from the literature for the Sun and metal-poor stars. We obtained ready-to-use analytic formulae of the age uncertainty for the cases of stable+unstable and unstable+unstable chronometer pairs, and discuss the optimal relation between to-be-measured age and mean lifetime of a radioactive species. Application to the literature data indicates that, for a single star, the achievable spectroscopic accuracy is limited to about +/- 20% for the foreseeable future. At present, theoretical uncertainties in nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution models form the precision bottleneck. For stellar clusters, isochrone fitting provides a higher accuracy than radioactive dating, but radioactive dating becomes competitive when applied to many cluster members simultaneously, reducing the statistical errors by a factor sqrt(N). Spectroscopy-based radioactive stellar dating would benefit from improvements in the theoretical understanding of nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution. Its application to clusters can provide strong constraints for nucleosynthetic models.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Measurement of Dielectron Invariant Mass Spectra in Au+Au Collisions at √sNN = 200GeV with HBD in PHENIX
Creators: name: Sun, Jiayin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: phenix
dielectron
centrality
π0
η
modification

description: We present the dielectron results from the analysis of the Au+Au collisions,and compare the measured invariant mass spectra to theoretical expectations. The spectra can shed light on the medium modification of the light vector mesons, the ρ-meson in particular, whose in-medium properties are closely related to the chiral symmetry restoration.
Distinct Elements in Streams: An Algorithm for the (Text) Book
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sourav
name: Vinodchandran, N. V.
name: Meel, Kuldeep S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a data stream $\mathcal{A} = \langle a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_m \rangle$ of $m$ elements where each $a_i \in [n]$, the Distinct Elements problem is to estimate the number of distinct elements in $\mathcal{A}$.Distinct Elements has been a subject of theoretical and empirical investigations over the past four decades resulting in space optimal algorithms for it.All the current state-of-the-art algorithms are, however, beyond the reach of an undergraduate textbook owing to their reliance on the usage of notions such as pairwise independence and universal hash functions. We present a simple, intuitive, sampling-based space-efficient algorithm whose description and the proof are accessible to undergraduates with the knowledge of basic probability theory.
description: The version of the paper, as published in ESA-22, contained an error in the proof of Claim 4. The current revised version fixes the error as well as several other errors pointed by Donald E. Knuth. The main theorem and algorithm remain unchanged. The authors decided to forgo the old convention of alphabetical ordering of authors in favor of a randomized ordering, denoted by \textcircled{r}
Community development in Canada
Creators: name: Lloyd, Antony John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: During the last twenty years, community development has become a recognized way of dealing with problems in underdeveloped countries, but its application in industrialized countries is comparatively recent. In Canada, it has been chosen as one of the ways in which disadvantaged people can improve their living standards, develop their communities and utilize their resources. This study has examined some important characteristics of community development pertinent to the projects and programs which have been initiated to combat the socially and economically deprived Indian, Eskimo and Negro communities. To give a conspectus of all developmental activities in Canada, the study has examined the extent of federal and provincial participation in community development. It has considered, also, programs of adult education and leadership training. Although the study has been in the nature of a survey, it has concluded that the commitment to community development in Canada has been too limited. The programs presently operating have been found to be too few in number, irregular in quality and uneven in distribution, and they have not been found to serve all deprived people throughout the nation. Until higher priorities and more funds have been apportioned to community development, it is believed that community development will remain limited.
Südamehaigete taastusravi
Creators: name: Lukmann, Aet
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: kompleksne taastusravi, isheemiatõve riskitegurid, suure riskiga haiged, psühhosotsiaalne nõustamine

description: Südamehaigete taastusravi on tõhus ja majanduslikult otstarbekas kompleksse raviskeemi kohustuslik osa, mis peaks sisaldama regulaarset liikumisravi, võimalike riskitegurite mõjutamist ja psühhosotsiaalset nõustamist. Valikrühma moodustavad haiged ägeda koronaarsündroomi ja/ või müokardi kirurgilise ravi järel. Uuringud on näidanud, et kompleksse taastusravi abil on võimalik parandada ka suure riskiga patsientide kehalist töövõimet ja tervisega seotud elukvaliteeti ning vähendada kardiovaskulaarset kordushaigestumust ja suremust. Ühtselt reguleeritud kompleksse kardiaalse taastusravi süsteem on Eestis kujunemisjärgus.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (3): 154–160
description: Eesti Arst, Märts 2003
Probing gamma-ray bursts observed at very high energies through their afterglow
Creators: name: Guarini, Ersilia
name: Tamborra, Irene
name: Bégué, Damien
name: Rudolph, Annika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing number of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows is observed at very-high energies (VHE, $\gtrsim 100$ GeV). Yet, our understanding of the mechanism powering the VHE emission remains baffling. We make use of multi-wavelength observations of the afterglow of GRB 180720B, GRB 190114C, and GRB 221009A to investigate whether the bursts exhibiting VHE emission share common features. We assume the standard afterglow model and microphysical parameters consistent with a synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario for the VHE radiation. By requiring that the blastwave should be transparent to $γ$-$γ$ pair production at the time of observation of the VHE photons and relying on typical prompt emission efficiencies and data in the radio, optical and X-ray bands, we infer for those bursts that the initial energy of the blastwave is $\tilde{E}_{k, \rm{iso}} \gtrsim \mathcal{O}(10^{54})$ erg and the circumburst density is $n_0 \lesssim \mathcal{O}(10^{-1})$ cm$^{-3}$ for a constant circumburst profile [or $A_\star \lesssim \mathcal{O}(10^{-1})$ cm$^{-1}$ for a wind scenario]. Our findings thus suggest that these VHE bursts might be hosted in low-density environments, if the SSC radiation is responsible for the VHE emission. While these trends are based on a small number of bursts, the Cherenkov Telescope Array has the potential to provide crucial insight in this context by detecting a larger sample of VHE GRBs. In addition, due to the very poor statistics, the non-observation of high-energy neutrinos cannot constrain the properties of these bursts efficiently, unless additional VHE GRBs should be detected at distances closer than $15$ Mpc when IceCube-Gen2 radio will be operational.
description: 14 pages, including 3 figures and 3 appendices. Discussion expanded, main results unchanged. Matches version accepted for publication in MNRAS