cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting electronic stopping powers using stacking ensemble machine learning method
Creators: name: Akbari, Fatemeh
name: Taghizadeh, Somayeh
name: Shvydka, Diana
name: Sperling, Nicholas Niven
name: Parsai, E. Ishmael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: Accurate electronic stopping power data is crucial for calculating radiation-induced effects in various applications, from dosimetry and radiotherapy to particle physics. In this study, Stacking Ensemble Machine Learning (EML) algorithm was developed to predict electronic stopping power for any incident ion and target combination over a wide range of ion energies. For this purpose, five ML models, namely BR, XGB, AdB, GB, and RF, were selected as base and meta learners to construct the final Stacking EML. Methods: 40,044 experimental measurements, from 1928 to the present, available on the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) website were used to train machine learning (ML) algorithms. This database consists of 593 ion-target combinations across the energy range of 0.037 to 985 MeV. For model training, the eleven most important features were selected. The model evaluation was performed using several error metrics, including R-squared (R2), root-mean-squared-error (RMSE), mean-absolute-error (MAE), and mean-absolute-percentage-error (MAPE), on both the training and test datasets. Results: Based on model performance evaluation tests, a stack of eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Random Forest (RF) via Bagging Regressor (BR) meta-learner had the highest lowest error margin. The value of R2=0.9985 indicated a near-ideal fit to all samples in the training data across the entire range of stopping powers. R2=0.9955 for predictions made by the model on the unseen test data suggested that the model accurately predicted the test data. Conclusions: The developed model resulted in highly accurate predictions for any ion-target combination across the whole particle energy spectrum. The associated model can serve as a universal tool to generate the stopping power data in a wide range of cases, regardless of the availability of experimental data or reliable theoretical equations.
description: 7 Figures
Symmetry energy and density
Creators: name: Trautmann, Wolfgang
name: Cozma, Mircea Dan
name: Russotto, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear equation-of-state is a topic of highest current interest in nuclear structure and reactions as well as in astrophysics. In particular, the equation-of-state of asymmetric matter and the symmetry energy representing the difference between the energy densities of neutron matter and of symmetric nuclear matter are not sufficiently well constrained at present. The density dependence of the symmetry energy is conventionally expressed in the form of the slope parameter L describing the derivative with respect to density of the symmetry energy at saturation. Results deduced from nuclear structure and heavy-ion reaction data are distributed around a mean value L=60 MeV. Recent studies have more thoroughly investigated the density range that a particular observable is predominantly sensitive to. Two thirds of the saturation density is a value typical for the information contained in nuclear-structure data. Higher values exceeding saturation have been shown to be probed with meson production and collective flows at incident energies in the range of up to about 1 GeV/nucleon. From the measurement of the elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to light charged particles in recent experiments at the GSI laboratory, a new more stringent constraint for the symmetry energy at suprasaturation density has been deduced. It confirms, with a considerably smaller uncertainty, the moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy previously deduced from the FOPI-LAND data. Future opportunities offered by FAIR will be discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, talk presented at the 54th International Winter Meeting on Nuclear Physics, 25-29 January 2016, Bormio, Italy
Discovering Pathogens-in-Foods: resources and applications of a database on occurrence data of foodborne pathogens in European-marketed foods
Creators: name: Faria, A.S.
name: Winter, M.
name: Thebault, A.
name: Guillier, L.
name: Kooh, P.
name: Messens, W.
name: Cadavez, V.
name: Gonzales-Barron, U.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presented as Oral Presentation; and in Book of Abstracts of the 12th International Conference on
 Predictive Modelling in Foods. Sapporo, Japan (13-16 June 2023) (Page 36).
The HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N@TNG - GJ 3998: An early M-dwarf hosting a system of Super-Earths
Creators: name: Affer, L.
name: Micela, G.
name: Damasso, M.
name: Perger, M.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Maldonado, J.
name: Leto, G.
name: Pagano, I.
name: Scandariato, G.
name: Sanchez, R. Zanmar
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Malavolta, L.
name: Morales, J. C.
name: Rosich, A.
name: Bignamini, A.
name: Gratton, R.
name: Velasco, S.
name: Cenadelli, D.
name: Claudi, R.
name: Cosentino, R.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Giacobbe, P.
name: Herrero, E.
name: Lafarga, M.
name: Lanza, A. F.
name: Molinari, E.
name: Piotto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. M dwarfs are considered ideal targets for Doppler radial velocity searches. Nonetheless, the statistics of frequency of low-mass planets hosted by low mass stars remains poorly constrained. Aims. Our M-dwarf radial velocity monitoring with HARPS-N can provide a major contribution to the widening of the current statistics through the in-depth analysis of accurate radial velocity observations in a narrow range of spectral sub-types (79 stars, between dM0 to dM3). Spectral accuracy will enable us to reach the precision needed to detect small planets with a few earth masses. Our survey will bring a contribute to the surveys devoted to the search for planets around M-dwarfs, mainly focused on the M-dwarf population of the northern emisphere, for which we will provide an estimate of the planet occurence. Methods. We present here a long duration radial velocity monitoring of the M1 dwarf star GJ 3998 with HARPS-N to identify periodic signals in the data. Almost simultaneous photometric observations were carried out within the APACHE and EXORAP programs to characterize the stellar activity and to distinguish from the periodic signals those due to activity and to the presence of planetary companions. Results. The radial velocities have a dispersion in excess of their internal errors due to at least four superimposed signals, with periods of 30.7, 13.7, 42.5 and 2.65 days. The analysis of spectral indices based on Ca II H & K and Halpha lines demonstrates that the periods of 30.7 and 42.5 days are due to chromospheric inhomogeneities modulated by stellar rotation and differential rotation. The shorter periods of 13.74 +/- 0.02 d and 2.6498 +/- 0.0008 d are well explained with the presence of two planets, with minimum masses of 6.26 +/- 0.79 MEarth and 2.47 +/- 0.27 MEarth and distances of 0.089 AU and 0.029 AU from the host, respectively.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rost invariant on the center, revisited
Creators: name: Garibaldi, S.
name: Merkurjev, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G15 (primary), 11E72 (secondary)

description: The Rost invariant of the Galois cohomology of a simple simply connected algebraic group over a field $F$ is defined regardless of the characteristic of $F$, but unfortunately some formulas for it are only known with some hypothesis on the the characteristic. We improve those formulas by (1) removing the hypothesis on the characteristic and (2) removing an ad hoc pairing that appears in the original formulas. As a preliminary step of independent interest, we also extend the classification of invariants of quasi-trivial tori to all fields.
Asymptotic limit of oscillatory integrals with certain smooth phases
Creators: name: Kamimoto, Joe
name: Nose, Toshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an exact result about the asymptotic limit of an oscillatory integral whose phase contains a certain flat term. Corresponding to the real analytic phase case, one can see an essential difference in the behavior of the above oscillatory integral.
description: 12 pages. To appear in RIMS Kokyuroku Bessatsu
Stochastic Galerkin particle methods for kinetic equations of plasmas with uncertainties
Creators: name: Medaglia, Andrea
name: Pareschi, Lorenzo
name: Zanella, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of uncertainty propagation is of fundamental importance in plasma physics simulations. To this end, in the present work we propose a novel stochastic Galerkin (sG) particle {method} for collisional kinetic models of plasmas under the effect of uncertainties. This class of methods is based on a generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) expansion of the particles' position and velocity. In details, we introduce a stochastic particle approximation for the Vlasov-Poisson system with a BGK term describing plasma collisions. A careful reformulation of such dynamics is needed to perform the sG projection and to obtain the corresponding system for the gPC coefficients. We show that the sG particle method preserves the main physical properties of the problem, such as conservations and positivity of the solution, while achieving spectral accuracy for smooth solutions in the random space. Furthermore, in the fluid limit the sG particle solver is designed to possess the asymptotic-preserving property necessary to obtain a sG particle scheme for the limiting Euler-Poisson system, thus avoiding the loss of hyperbolicity typical of conventional sG methods based on finite differences or finite volumes. We tested the schemes considering the classical Landau damping problem in the presence of both small and large initial uncertain perturbations, the two stream instability and the Sod shock tube problems under uncertainties. The results show that the proposed method is able to capture the correct behavior of the system in all test cases, even when the relaxation time scale is very small.
A varifold approach to surface approximation
Creators: name: Buet, Blanche
name: Leonardi, Gian Paolo
name: Masnou, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q15 (Primary), 68U05, 65D18 (Secondary)

description: We show that the theory of varifolds can be suitably enriched to open the way to applications in the field of discrete and computational geometry. Using appropriate regularizations of the mass and of the first variation of a varifold we introduce the notion of approximate mean curvature and show various convergence results that hold in particular for sequences of discrete varifolds associated with point clouds or pixel/voxel-type discretizations of $d$-surfaces in the Euclidean $n$-space, without restrictions on dimension and codimension. The variational nature of the approach also allows to consider surfaces with singularities, and in that case the approximate mean curvature is consistent with the generalized mean curvature of the limit surface. A series of numerical tests are provided in order to illustrate the effectiveness and generality of the method.
Non-Equilibrium Markov State Modeling of the Globule-Stretch Transition
Creators: name: Knoch, Fabian
name: Speck, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a systematic approach to construct coarse-grained Markov state models from molecular dynamics data of systems driven into a non-equilibrium steady state. We apply this method to study the globule-stretch transition of a single tethered model polymer in shear flow. The folding/unfolding rates of the coarse-grained model agree with the original detailed model. We demonstrate that the folding/unfolding proceeds through the same narrow region of configuration space but along different cycles.
MPEC 2024-Q82 : 2024 CR9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Local government authority road expenditure in Australia and the effect of intergovernmental grants for roads
Creators: name: Stevens, Steve.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Camera Pose Estimation from Lines using Plücker Coordinates
Creators: name: Přibyl, Bronislav
name: Zemčík, Pavel
name: Čadík, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.8; I.4.1
subject: 68T45

description: Correspondences between 3D lines and their 2D images captured by a camera are often used to determine position and orientation of the camera in space. In this work, we propose a novel algebraic algorithm to estimate the camera pose. We parameterize 3D lines using Plücker coordinates that allow linear projection of the lines into the image. A line projection matrix is estimated using Linear Least Squares and the camera pose is then extracted from the matrix. An algebraic approach to handle mismatched line correspondences is also included. The proposed algorithm is an order of magnitude faster yet comparably accurate and robust to the state-of-the-art, it does not require initialization, and it yields only one solution. The described method requires at least 9 lines and is particularly suitable for scenarios with 25 and more lines, as also shown in the results.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, In Proceedings of the British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC 2015), pages 45.1-45.12. BMVA Press, September 2015
Sardinia Radio Telescope wide-band spectral-polarimetric observations of the galaxy cluster 3C 129
Creators: name: Murgia, M.
name: Govoni, F.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Melis, A.
name: Concu, R.
name: Trois, A.
name: Loi, F.
name: Vacca, V.
name: Tarchi, A.
name: Castangia, P.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Bocchinu, A.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Casu, S.
name: Pellizzoni, A.
name: Pisanu, T.
name: Poddighe, A.
name: Poppi, S.
name: D'Amico, N.
name: Bachetti, M.
name: Corongiu, A.
name: Egron, E.
name: Iacolina, N.
name: Ladu, A.
name: Marongiu, P.
name: Migoni, C.
name: Perrodin, D.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Valente, G.
name: Vargiu, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations of the galaxy cluster 3C 129 obtained with the Sardinia Radio Telescope in the frequency range 6000-7200 MHz, with the aim to image the large-angular-scale emission at high-frequency of the radio sources located in this cluster of galaxies. The data were acquired using the recently-commissioned ROACH2-based backend to produce full-Stokes image cubes of an area of 1 deg x 1 deg centered on the radio source 3C 129. We modeled and deconvolved the telescope beam pattern from the data. We also measured the instrumental polarization beam patterns to correct the polarization images for off-axis instrumental polarization. Total intensity images at an angular resolution of 2.9 arcmin were obtained for the tailed radio galaxy 3C 129 and for 13 more sources in the field, including 3C 129.1 at the galaxy cluster center. These data were used, in combination with literature data at lower frequencies, to derive the variation of the synchrotron spectrum of 3C 129 along the tail of the radio source. If the magnetic field is at the equipartition value, we showed that the lifetimes of radiating electrons result in a radiative age for 3C 129 of t_syn = 267 +/- 26 Myrs. Assuming a linear projected length of 488 kpc for the tail, we deduced that 3C 129 is moving supersonically with a Mach number of M=v_gal/c_s=1.47. Linearly polarized emission was clearly detected for both 3C 129 and 3C 129.1. The linear polarization measured for 3C 129 reaches levels as high as 70% in the faintest region of the source where the magnetic field is aligned with the direction of the tail.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Slow-roll approximation in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Luc, Joanna
name: Mielczarek, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The slow-roll approximation is an analytical approach to study dynamical properties of the inflationary universe. In this article, systematic construction of the slow-roll expansion for effective loop quantum cosmology is presented. The analysis is performed up to the fourth order in both slow-roll parameters and the parameter controlling the strength of deviation from the classical case. The expansion is performed for three types of the slow-roll parameters: Hubble slow-roll parameters, Hubble flow parameters and potential slow-roll parameters. An accuracy of the approximation is verified by comparison with the numerical phase space trajectories for the case with a massive potential term. The results obtained in this article may be helpful in the search for the subtle quantum gravitational effects with use of the cosmological data.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Discovery of a new accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar in the globular cluster NGC 2808
Creators: name: Sanna, A.
name: Papitto, A.
name: Burderi, L.
name: Bozzo, E.
name: Riggio, A.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Ferrigno, C.
name: Rea, N.
name: Iaria, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of coherent pulsations at a period of 2.9 ms from the X-ray transient MAXI J0911-655 in the globular cluster NGC 2808. We observed X-ray pulsations at a frequency of $\sim339.97$ Hz in three different observations of the source performed with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR during the source outburst. This newly discovered accreting millisecond pulsar is part of an ultra-compact binary system characterised by an orbital period of $44.3$ minutes and a projected semi-major axis of $\sim17.6$ lt-ms. Based on the mass function we estimate a minimum companion mass of 0.024 M$_{\odot}$, which assumes a neutron star mass of 1.4 M$_{\odot}$ and a maximum inclination angle of $75^{\circ}$ (derived from the lack of eclipses and dips in the light-curve of the source). We find that the companion star's Roche-Lobe could either be filled by a hot ($5\times 10^{6}$ K) pure helium white dwarf with a 0.028 M$_{\odot}$ mass (implying $i\simeq58^{\circ}$) or an old (>5 Gyr) brown dwarf with metallicity abundances between solar/sub-solar and mass ranging in the interval 0.065$-$0.085 M$_{\odot}$ (16 < $i$ < 21). During the outburst the broad-band energy spectra are well described by a superposition of a weak black-body component (kT$\sim$ 0.5 keV) and a hard cutoff power-law with photon index $Γ\sim$ 1.7 and cut-off at a temperature kT$_e\sim$ 130 keV. Up to the latest Swift-XRT observation performed on 2016 July 19 the source has been observed in outburst for almost 150 days, which makes MAXI J0911-655 the second accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar with outburst duration longer than 100 days.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Boundaries Determine the Formation Energies of Lattice Defects in Two-Dimensional Buckled Materials
Creators: name: Jain, Sandeep K.
name: Juricic, Vladimir
name: Barkema, Gerard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice defects are inevitably present in two-dimensional materials, with direct implications on their physical and chemical properties. We show that the formation energy of a lattice defect in buckled two-dimensional crystals is not uniquely defined as it takes different values for different boundary conditions even in the thermodynamic limit, as opposed to their perfectly planar counterparts. Also, the approach to the thermodynamic limit follows a different scaling: inversely proportional to the logaritm of the system size for buckled materials, rather than the usual power-law approach. In graphene samples of $\sim 1000$ atoms, different boundary conditions can cause differences exceeding 10 eV. Besides presenting numerical evidence in simulations, we show that the universal features in this behavior can be understood with simple bead-spring models. Fundamentally, our findings imply that it is necessary to specify the boundary conditions for the energy of the lattice defects in the buckled two-dimensional crystals to be uniquely defined, and this may explain the lack of agreement in the reported values of formation energies in graphene. We argue that boundary conditions may also have impact on other physical observables such as the melting temperature.
description: 3 Figures, 1 Table, 5 pages (Supplementary: 5 Pages and 3 Figures)
Investigation of the effects of metal oxide nanoparticle mixtures on Danio rerio and Xenopus laevis embryos
Creators: name: Ozmen, Nesrin
name: Turhan, Duygu Ozhan
name: Güngördü, Abbas
name: Yilmaz, Hatice Caglar
name: Ozmen, Murat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: In this study, the toxic effects of single TiO2, ZnO and Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) and their binary and ternary combinations on the embryonic development of Xenopus laevis and Danio rerio were evaluated. It was aimed to determine the median lethal concentrations, growth retardation and developmental malformation effects and the effects of mixed nanoparticle exposure to selected enzyme biomarkers resulting from the exposure of embryos to NPs. The results showed that ZnO NPs, which are the most toxic according to the highest lethality level, cause developmental delay and malformations. The Fe2O3 and TiO2 NPs caused growth retardation only in D. rerio embryos. It was determined that double and triple combinations of NPs did not cause significant lethality in both species. Biochemical markers showed that mixed NPs could lead to greater toxicity compared to single exposures. The results also revealed that TiO2 or Fe2O3 NPs caused an increase in toxicity when co-existing with ZnO NP due to additive effects. Overall, the results showed that D. rerio was more susceptible to NP exposure in terms of growth and mortality than X. laevis. However, studies that are more comprehensive are needed to better understand the toxicity mechanism of metal oxide NP mixtures.
Perturbative study of large $N$ principal chiral model with twisted reduction
Creators: name: González-Arroyo, Antonio
name: Ishikawa, Ken-Ichi
name: Ji, Yingbo
name: Okawa, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the first four perturbative coefficients of the internal energy for the twisted reduced principal chiral model (TRPCM) using numerical stochastic perturbation theory (NSPT). This matrix model has the same large $N$ limit as the ordinary principal chiral model (PCM) at infinite volume. Indeed, we verify that the first three coefficients match the analytic result for the PCM coefficients at large $N$ with a precision of three to four significant digits. The fourth coefficient also matches our own NSPT calculation of the corresponding PCM coefficient at large $N$. The finite-$N$ corrections to all coefficients beyond the leading order are smaller for TRPCM than for PCM. We analyze the variance to determine the feasibility of extending the calculations to higher orders.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures, using ws-ijmpa.cls style, using siunitx version 3
Understanding Organisation Values
Creators: name: Kom, Kamlenkhum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 500102
subject: Business ethics
classificationCode: 350710
subject: Organisational behaviour
classificationCode: 350799
subject: Strategy, management and organisational behaviour not elsewhere classified

description: This module suggests a theoretical analysis of values using selected research papers for building a good environment and productivity within an organisation.
Water orientation and hydrogen-bond structure at the fluorite/water interface
Creators: name: Khatib, Rémi
name: Backus, Ellen H. G.
name: Bonn, Mischa
name: Perez-Haro, María-José
name: Gaigeot, Marie-Pierre
name: Sulpizi1, Marialore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water in contact with mineral interfaces is important for a variety of different processes. Here, we present a combined theoretical-experimental study which provides a quantitative, molecular-level understanding of the ubiquitous and important flourite-water interface. Our results show that, at low pH, the surface is positively charged, causing a substantial degree of water ordering. The surface charge originates primarily from the dissolution of fluoride ions, rather than from adsorption of protons to the surface. At high pH we observe the presence of Ca-OH species pointing into the water. These OH groups interact remarkably weakly with the surrounding water, and are responsible for the free OH signature in the SFG spectrum, which can be explained from local electronic structure effects. The quantification of the surface termination, near-surface ion distribution and water arrangement is enabled by a combination of advanced phase-resolved Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation spectra of flourite-water interfaces and state-of-the-art ab initio molecular dynamics simulations which include electronic structure effects.
Spectrum continuity and level repulsion: the Ising CFT from infinitesimal to finite $\boldsymbol\varepsilon$
Creators: name: Henriksson, Johan
name: Kousvos, Stefanos R.
name: Reehorst, Marten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical conformal bootstrap technology we perform a non-perturbative study of the Ising CFT and its spectrum from infinitesimal to finite values of $\varepsilon=4-d$. Exploiting the recent navigator bootstrap method in conjunction with the extremal functional method, we test various qualitative and quantitative features of the $\varepsilon$-expansion. We follow the scaling dimensions of numerous operators from the perturbatively controlled regime to finite coupling. We do this for $\mathbb Z_2$-even operators up to spin 12 and for $\mathbb Z_2$-odd operators up to spin 6 and find a good matching with perturbation theory. In the finite coupling regime we observe two operators whose dimensions approach each other and then repel, a phenomenon known as level repulsion and which can be analyzed via operator mixing. Our work improves on previous studies in both increased precision and the number of operators studied, and is the first to observe level repulsion in the conformal bootstrap.
description: 46 pages, 21 figures, up to date with version accepted by journal
Gas Fraction and Depletion Time of Massive Star Forming Galaxies at z~3.2: No Change in Global Star Formation Process out to z>3
Creators: name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Groves, B.
name: Sargent, M. T.
name: Karim, A.
name: Oesch, P. A.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: LeFevre, O.
name: Tasca, L.
name: Civano, F.
name: Cassata, P.
name: Smolcic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed evolution of the gas fraction and its associated depletion time in main sequence (MS) galaxies provides insights on how star formation proceeds over cosmic time. We report ALMA detections of the rest-frame $\sim$300$μ$m continuum observed at 240 GHz for 45 massive ($\rm \langle log(M_{\star}(M_{\odot}))\rangle=10.7$), normal star forming ($\rm \langle log(sSFR(yr^{-1}))\rangle=-8.6$), i.e. MS, galaxies at $\rm z\approx3.2$ in the COSMOS field. From an empirical calibration between cold neutral, i.e. molecular and atomic, gas mass $\rm M_{gas}$ and monochromatic (rest-frame) infrared luminosity, the gas mass for this sample is derived. Combined with stellar mass $\rm M_{\star}$ and star formation rate (SFR) estimates (from {\sc MagPhys} fits) we obtain a median gas fraction of $\rm μ_{gas}=M_{gas}/M_{\star}=1.65_{-0.19}^{+0.18}$ and a median gas depletion time $\rm t_{depl.}(Gyr)=M_{gas}/SFR=0.68_{-0.08}^{+0.07}$; correction for the location on the MS will only slightly change the values. The reported uncertainties are the $\rm 1σ$ error on the median. Our results are fully consistent with the expected flattening of the redshift evolution from the 2-SFM (2 star formation mode) framework that empirically prescribes the evolution assuming a universal, log-linear relation between SFR and gas mass coupled to the redshift evolution of the specific star formation rate (sSFR) of main sequence galaxies. While $\rm t_{dep.}$ shows only a mild dependence on location within the MS, a clear trend of increasing $\rm μ_{gas}$ across the MS is observed (as known from previous studies). Further we comment on trends within the MS and (in)consistencies with other studies.
description: 24 pages plus 16 pages references and 5 figures, ApJ, accepted
Distributed On-Demand Routing for LEO Mega-Constellations: A Starlink Case Study
Creators: name: Stock, Gregory
name: Fraire, Juan A.
name: Hermanns, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design and launch of large-scale satellite networks create an imminent demand for efficient and delay-minimising routing methods. With the rising number of satellites in such constellations, pre-computing all shortest routes between all satellites and for all times becomes more and more infeasible due to space and time limitations. Even though distributed on-demand routing methods were developed for specific LEO satellite network configurations, they are not suited for increasingly popular mega-constellations based on Walker Delta formations. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, we introduce a formal model that mathematically captures the time-evolving locations of satellites in a Walker Delta constellation and use it to establish a formula to compute the minimum number of ISL hops between two given satellites. In the second part, we present an on-demand hop-count-based routing algorithm that approximates the optimal path while achieving superior performance compared to classical shortest-path algorithms like Dijkstra.
description: This is an extended version of a paper published in ASMS/SPSC 2022 containing proofs and further details. This work was part of the MISSION (Models in Space Systems: Integration, Operation, and Networking) project, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie Actions grant number 101008233
Drug response prediction by inferring pathway-response associations with Kernelized Bayesian Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Ammad-ud-din, Muhammad
name: Khan, Suleiman A.
name: Malani, Disha
name: Murumägi, Astrid
name: Kallioniemi, Olli
name: Aittokallio, Tero
name: Kaski, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A key goal of computational personalized medicine is to systematically utilize genomic and other molecular features of samples to predict drug responses for a previously unseen sample. Such predictions are valuable for developing hypotheses for selecting therapies tailored for individual patients. This is especially valuable in oncology, where molecular and genetic heterogeneity of the cells has a major impact on the response. However, the prediction task is extremely challenging, raising the need for methods that can effectively model and predict drug responses. In this study, we propose a novel formulation of multi-task matrix factorization that allows selective data integration for predicting drug responses. To solve the modeling task, we extend the state-of-the-art kernelized Bayesian matrix factorization (KBMF) method with component-wise multiple kernel learning. In addition, our approach exploits the known pathway information in a novel and biologically meaningful fashion to learn the drug response associations. Our method quantitatively outperforms the state of the art on predicting drug responses in two publicly available cancer data sets as well as on a synthetic data set. In addition, we validated our model predictions with lab experiments using an in-house cancer cell line panel. We finally show the practical applicability of the proposed method by utilizing prior knowledge to infer pathway-drug response associations, opening up the opportunity for elucidating drug action mechanisms. We demonstrate that pathway-response associations can be learned by the proposed model for the well known EGFR and MEK inhibitors.
description: Accepted in European Conference in Computational Biology, to be published in Bioinformatics 2016
$SU(1,1)$ solution for the Dunkl-Coulomb problem in two dimensions and its coherent states
Creators: name: Salazar-Ramírez, M.
name: Ojeda-Guillén, D.
name: Mota, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the radial part of the Dunkl-Coulomb problem in two dimensions and show that this problem possesses the $su(1,1)$ symmetry. We introduce two different realizations for the $su(1,1)$ Lie algebra and use the theory of irreducible representations to obtain the energy spectrum and the eigenfunctions. For the first algebra realization, we apply the Schrödinger factorization to the radial part of the Dunkl-Coulomb problem to construct the algebra generators. In the second realization, we introduce three operators, been one of them proportional to the radial Hamiltonian. Finally, we use the $su(1,1)$ Sturmian basis of one of the two algebras to construct the radial coherent states in a closed form.
description: 13 pages
A first-principles model of copper-boron interactions in Si: implications for the light-induced degradation of solar Si
Creators: name: Wright, E.
name: Coutinho, J.
name: Öberg, S.
name: Torres, V. J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery that Cu contamination of Si combined with light exposure has a significant detrimental impact on carrier life-time has drawn much concern within the solar-Si community. The effect, known as the copper-related light-induced degradation (Cu-LID) of Si solar cells, has been connected to the release of Cu interstitials within the bulk [Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 147:115-126, 2016]. In this paper, we describe a comprehensive analysis of the formation/dissociation process of the CuB pair in Si by means of first-principles modelling, as well as the interaction of CuB defects with photo-excited minority carriers. We confirm that the long-range interaction between the Cu cation and the B anion has a Coulomb-like behaviour, in line with the trapping-limited diffusivity of Cu observed by transient ion drift measurements. On the other hand, the short-range interaction between the d-electrons of Cu and the excess of negative charge on B produces a repulsive effect, thereby decreasing the binding energy of the pair when compared to the ideal point-charge Coulomb model. We also find that metastable CuB pairs produce acceptor states just below the conduction band minimum, which arise from the Cu level emptied by the B acceptor. Based on these results, we argue that photo-generated minority carriers trapped by the metastable pairs can switch off the Coulomb interaction that holds the pairs together, enhancing the release of Cu interstitials, and acting as a catalyst for Cu-LID.
Statistical Inference for Streamed Longitudinal Data
Creators: name: Luo, Lan
name: Wang, Jingshen
name: Hector, Emily C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Modern longitudinal data, for example from wearable devices, measures biological signals on a fixed set of participants at a diverging number of time points. Traditional statistical methods are not equipped to handle the computational burden of repeatedly analyzing the cumulatively growing dataset each time new data is collected. We propose a new estimation and inference framework for dynamic updating of point estimates and their standard errors across serially collected dependent datasets. The key technique is a decomposition of the extended score function of the quadratic inference function constructed over the cumulative longitudinal data into a sum of summary statistics over data batches. We show how this sum can be recursively updated without the need to access the whole dataset, resulting in a computationally efficient streaming procedure with minimal loss of statistical efficiency. We prove consistency and asymptotic normality of our streaming estimator as the number of data batches diverges, even as the number of independent participants remains fixed. Simulations highlight the advantages of our approach over traditional statistical methods that assume independence between data batches. Finally, we investigate the relationship between physical activity and several diseases through the analysis of accelerometry data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures. Biometrika (2023)
Comfortable Priority Handling with Predictive Velocity Optimization for Intersection Crossings
Creators: name: Puphal, Tim
name: Probst, Malte
name: Komuro, Misa
name: Li, Yiyang
name: Eggert, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We address the problem of motion planning for four-way intersection crossings with right-of-ways. Road safety typically assigns liability to the follower in rear-end collisions and to the approaching vehicle required to yield in side crashes. As an alternative to previous models based on heuristic state machines, we propose a planning framework which changes the prediction model of other cars (e.g. their prototypical accelerations and decelerations) depending on the given longitudinal or lateral priority rules. Combined with a state-of-the-art trajectory optimization approach ROPT (Risk Optimization Method) this allows to find ego velocity profiles minimizing risks from curves and all involved vehicles while maximizing utility (needed time to arrive at a goal) and comfort (change and duration of acceleration) under the presence of regulatory conditions. Analytical and statistical evaluations show that our method is able to follow right-of-ways for a wide range of other vehicle behaviors and path geometries. Even when the other cars drive in a non-priority-compliant way, ROPT achieves good risk-comfort tradeoffs.
Detection of Equipment Faults Before Beam Loss
Creators: name: Galambos, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-power hadron accelerators have strict limits on fractional beam loss. In principle, once a high-quality beam is set up in an acceptable state, beam loss should remain steady. However, in practice, there are many trips in operational machines, owing to excessive beam loss. This paper deals with monitoring equipment health to identify precursor signals that indicate an issue with equipment that will lead to unacceptable beam loss. To this end, a variety of equipment and beam signal measurements are described. In particular, several operational examples from the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) of deteriorating equipment functionality leading to beam loss are reported.
description: 17 pages, contribution to the 2014 Joint International Accelerator School: Beam Loss and Accelerator Protection, Newport Beach, CA, USA , 5-14 Nov 2014
The Hijab in Bangladesh: Understanding Identity Negotiation, Religiosity, and Autonomy among Urban Muslim Women in Dhaka
Creators: name: Kibria, Madhuri Shah
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gender
subject: Dhaka
subject: Women
subject: Hijab
subject: Family
subject: Identity
subject: Colonialism
subject: Islam
subject: Religion
subject: Culture
subject: Class
subject: Patriarchy
subject: Education
subject: Autonomy
subject: Parent-child relationships
subject: Bangladesh
subject: South Asia

description: Bangladesh has seen a steady rise of political Islam and Islamic revivalism since 1975 (Huq 2021, 259). The most significant changes in public behavior, dialogue, values, and attire have occurred post-9/11, with Islamic veiling among women becoming a ubiquitous marker of the population’s “hardening” Islamic identities and values (Rozario 2006, 368; Siddiqi 2006, 11). This paper aims to investigate how sociocultural norms and family dynamics influence educated, upper class, urban women in Dhaka to adopt the Islamic veil or hijab. Through depth or life history interviews with two generations of Bangladeshi Muslim women – one group between 20-35 years of age, and the older group comprising of their mothers or other similarly-aged maternal figures from the younger subjects’ families - I will investigate the ways in which the women exercise their autonomy and engage in identity construction and negotiation, with a focus on the role of religion, colonial prejudices, and power relations within the family that shape their identities. The women’s narratives reveal the hijab is leveraged as a tool to navigate and resist postcolonial and patriarchal power structures. Families are a crucial vector for instilling religiosity, which the younger participants continue to nurture into their adulthood to give rise to a new form of religiosity that alters their structural and cultural location within Bangladeshi society.
Flow Equation and Fermion Gap in the Holographic Superconductors
Creators: name: Yuk, Taewon
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the fermion spectral function in the presence of the Cooper pair condensation and identified the interaction type of complex scalar and fermion, which gives consistent results with the expected s-wave superconductor for the first time. We derive the matrix Riccati equation, which allows the precise calculation of the fermion spectral function. Apart from the gap structure, we studied the effect of the chemical potential and the density and compared it with the BCS theory. We found that two theories give similar results in small chemical potential but very different ones in the high-density case, which we attribute to the correlation effect.
description: 15 main + 3 appendix pages, 5 figures
Scattering from spin-polarized charged impurities in graphene
Creators: name: Vierimaa, Ville
name: Fan, Zheyong
name: Harju, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin relaxation of charge carriers in graphene in the presence of spin-polarized charged impurities by calculating the time evolution of initially polarized state. The spin relaxation time shows completely different energy behaviour for short-ranged and long-ranged spin scatterers and can be used to identify the dominant source of spin scattering. Our results agree well with recent experimental findings and indicate that their spin relaxation is likely caused by long-ranged scatterers.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures