cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Re-visiting securitisation in times of the Covid-19 global pandemic: The fundamental importance of governance
Creators: name: Reyes, Vicente
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160609 Political Theory and Political Philosophy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: 160599 Policy and Administration not elsewhere classified
subject: 160509 Public Administration
subject: 160510 Public Policy

description: The 2020 Covid-19 Pandemic has caused unprecedented chaos throughout the global community. It has wrought havoc on people’s lives and health and has continued to dangerously threaten peoples’ wellbeing. It has ruined the economy of nations worldwide. One of the most visible responses that nations and territories have resorted to is a turn towards increased securitization. These are represented by the introduction of new laws, often draconian, that limit the movements of people, the widespread closure of government offices, private business, educational systems and the shutting down of borders. These highly securitised policies have been designed to diminish the deadly spread of the global pandemic. In light of these contemporary realities, this exploratory article interrogates the theoretical underpinnings of securitization by exploring the case of the Philippines. One main question is addressed in this inquiry: What is the impact of securitization in addressing the Covid-19 pandemic in a Philippine context?
Limnoria lignorum
Creators: name: Castelló, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Isopoda
Limnoriidae
Limnoria
Limnoria lignorum

description: Limnoria lignorum (Rathke, 1799)
 Material examined. See Table 2. The samples were lost in the postal service in June 2010.
 Diagnosis. See Table 1.
 Distribution in Europe. Norway, Iceland, Ireland, England, The Netherlands, Germany, and Atlantic Spanish coast (Northern and Western Europe).
description: Published as part of Castelló, José, 2011, The genus Limnoria (Limnoriidae, Isopoda, Crustacea) in Europe, including a key to species, pp. 1-25 in Zootaxa 2968 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2968.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281344
Georgia Burn_Article_ICF Core Set_Supplementary data
Creators: name: Burn, Georgia
name: MCVILLY, KEITH
name: RACHELE, JEROME
name: Johnson, Hilary
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disability Studies
subject: 130312 Special Education and Disability
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 111703 Care for Disabled
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary 1: Search strategySupplementary 2: Dataset
Supplementary material – Detailed methods from Assessing the affective component of pain, and the efficacy of pain control, using conditioned place aversion in calves
Creators: name: Ede, Thomas
name: Keyserlingk, Marina A. G. Von
name: Weary, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary material – Detailed methods
Indian Agricultural Growth- A Spatial Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Tirtha
name: Chatterjee, Tirtha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: spatial growth
subject: spatial weight matrix
subject: spatial dependence
subject: spill over

description: In this paper, we study the role of relative spatial location of states on agricultural growth in India. We use different definitions of neighbourhood and through a Spatial Durbin Model in a dynamic panel framework, we find that district based weighing scheme best explains the spatial dependence. The channels through which spatial spill-over occur are rural literacy, roads, irrigation and income of neighbouring states. The other factors driving agricultural income growth in India are inputs, infrastructural support and agricultural diversification. Identification of these channels of spatial interdependence will have implications for policies aimed at reducing spatial differences across Indian states.
Service utilization characteristics among adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups at elevated risk for suicide: A scoping review
Creators: name: Woods-Giscombe, Cheryl
name: Frazier, Taleah A.
name: Stein, Gabriela Livas
name: Garcia, Brian Antonio
name: Bravo, Lilian G.
name: Gonzalez-Guarda, Rosa M.
name: Jones, Cheryl B.
name: Briggs, Ernestine C.
name: Ford, Julian D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description:
Background Adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups (herein ethnoracially minoritized) in the US contemplate and/or attempt suicide at higher rates than other youths. To address suicide risk, access to and utilization of mental health services is necessary. However, service utilization characteristics for these adolescents at elevated risk for suicide are not well understood. Purpose To systematically synthesize service utilization characteristics and identify factors associated with utilization among ethnoracially minoritized adolescents reporting elevated suicide risk (i.e., suicidal ideation, attempts, non-suicidal self-injury). Methods This review follows established scoping review guidelines and Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Service Use to guide data synthesis. We systematically searched five scientific databases with no restriction to dates of publication. Results A total of 15 records (12 unique studies) were reviewed. Studies primarily focused on female adolescents (n = 12), suicide attempts (n = 6), and predominantly Hispanic/Latinx samples (n = 4). Crisis oriented services after a suicide attempt were the most reported service utilization outcomes (n = 7). Factors that informed service utilization include the adolescent’s psychiatric symptom presentation and family characteristics. Discussion Studies suggest limited access to preventative services for ethnoracially minoritized adolescents at risk for suicide. Future studies must examine service utilization more broadly to include non-healthcare service utilization and structural and socio-cultural factors associated with utilization. Limitations of this review and implications for future research are discussed.
Management of Ecosystem Services with a Focus on Biodiversity: Financing and Paying Services at Spatial Level in Landscapes
Creators: name: Nuppenau, Ernst-August
name: Nuppenau, Ernst-August
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: common property management
subject: spatial management of ESS

description: The focus of this paper is on the design of instrument variables (in the mode of payment for ecosystem services: PES) to achieve optimal service provision (ESS) at farming community level. These services shall improve production by reducing costs as public good and divert farmers’ interest from using chemical inputs. In other words, preferring less costly nature compared to inputs purchased from the market is a vision. Apparently this depends on farm types and it must be shown how services can be evaluated to set priorities. We work with shadow prices. ESSs are built around biodiversity BD, its value and we may see disservices. To solve problems we suggest a programming approach. Then farmers providing ESSs are compensated and money has to be raised from farmers benefitting. The approach delineates interest functions and helps to simulate quasimarket coordination under governance elucidated as actively promoting habitats for ESS. Instruments are outlined with regards public management for habitat provision, assuring ESS, which results in spatial organisations. They include land set aside for field margins (wildflowers), explicit outline of nature elements (hedges, etc.) and waivers on input use (reduced pesticides). We present the theoretical background for such farm level analysis in a cultural landscape where managers can address farm and field levels individually. In order to procure needed finance for payment on the one hand and to use this money efficiently on the other hand, farmers should be addressed as users and providers.
Modelling the Spatial Distributional Agricultural Incomes
Creators: name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Grealis, Eoin
name: Farrell, Niall
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Grealis, Eoin
name: Farrell, Niall
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Agricultural incomes are quite heterogeneous relying as they are in part on the environmental context which land is farmed. In addition a very significant proportion of agricultural income results from public policy via the Farm Direct Payments within in the Common Agricultural Policy. In this paper we develop and test a methodology to spatially model the distribution of Agricultural Activity and associated income across place utilising a spatial microsimulation model. In particular we build upon a quota sampling method used in the development household based spatial microsimulation models to account for spatial heterogeneity in relation to stocking rate. We utilise this framework to model the spatial distribution of activity, incomes and viability across Ireland.
Theory of valence transitions in Ytterbium and Europium intermetallics
Creators: name: Zlatic, V.
name: Freericks, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact solution of the multi-component Falicov-Kimball model in infinite-dimensions is presented and used to discuss a new fixed point of valence fluctuating intermetallics with Yb and Eu ions. In these compounds, temperature, external magnetic field, pressure, or chemical pressure induce a transition between a metallic state with the f-ions in a mixed-valent (non-magnetic) configuration and a semi-metallic state with the f-ions in an integral-valence (paramagnetic) configuration. The zero-field transition occurs at the temperature Tv, while the zero-temperature transition sets in at the critical field Hc. We present the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of the model for an arbitrary concentration of d- and f-electrons. For large U, we find a MI transition, triggered by the temperature or field-induced change in the f-occupancy.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Stratified Random Sampling for Dependent Inputs
Creators: name: Mondal, Anirban
name: Mandal, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62D05, 62E20

description: A new approach of obtaining stratified random samples from statistically dependent random variables is described. The proposed method can be used to obtain samples from the input space of a computer forward model in estimating expectations of functions of the corresponding output variables. The advantage of the proposed method over the existing methods is that it preserves the exact form of the joint distribution on the input variables. The asymptotic distribution of the new estimator is derived. Asymptotically, the variance of the estimator using the proposed method is less than that obtained using the simple random sampling, with the degree of variance reduction depending on the degree of additivity in the function being integrated. This technique is applied to a practical example related to the performance of the river flood inundation model.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Limnoria mazzellae Cookson & Lorenti 2001
Creators: name: Castelló, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Isopoda
Limnoriidae
Limnoria
Limnoria mazzellae

description: Limnoria mazzellae Cookson & Lorenti, 2001
 Limnoria lignorum. Castelló, 1986; Junoy & Castelló, 2003.
 Material examined. See Table 2.
 Diagnosis. See Table 1.
 Distribution. Italy, and Balearic Islands (Central and Western Mediterranean).
 Remarks. Ovigerous female and male from Balearic Islands with poorly sclerotised tegument, especially the male (2011–0231 MZB). Ovigerous females [A] and [B] and non–ovigerous female [C] from Venice (ZMB 25735) poorly chitinised. The species is recorded for the first time for the Balearic Islands. The specimens examined in the present study show at most some tubercles on the uropodal peduncle (female MVRCr394 from Castello Ischia and ovigerous female ZMB 25735 from Venice) or both peduncle and endopod smooth (ovigerous female 2011–0232 MZB from Balearic Islands).
description: Published as part of Castelló, José, 2011, The genus Limnoria (Limnoriidae, Isopoda, Crustacea) in Europe, including a key to species, pp. 1-25 in Zootaxa 2968 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2968.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281344
Combining sensor-based measurement and modeling of PM2.5 and black carbon in assessing exposure to indoor aerosols
Creators: name: Cox, Jennie
name: Cho, Seung-Hyun
name: Ryan, Patrick
name: Isiugo, Kelechi
name: Ross, James
name: Chillrud, Steven
name: Zhu, Zheng
name: Jandarov, Roman
name: Grinshpun, Sergey A.
name: Reponen, Tiina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Accurate, cost-effective methods are needed for rapid assessment of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP). Typically, real-time data of particulate matter (PM) from portable sensors have been adjusted using data from reference methods such as gravimetric measurement to improve accuracy. The objective of this study was to create a correction factor or linear regression model for the real-time measurements of the RTI’s Micro Personal Exposure Monitor (MicroPEM™) and AethLab’s microAeth® black carbon (AE51) sensor to generate accurate real-time data for PM2.5 (PM2.5RT) and black carbon (BCRT) in Cincinnati metropolitan homes. The two sensors and an SKC PM2.5 Personal Modular impactor were collocated in 44 indoor sampling events for 2 days in residences near major roadways. The reference filter-based analyses conducted by a laboratory included particle mass (SKC PM2.5 and MicroPEM™ PM2.5) and black carbon (SKC BC); these methods are more accurate than real-time sensors but are also more cumbersome and costly. For PM2.5, the average correction factor, a ratio of gravimetric to real time, for the MicroPEM™ PM2.5 and SKC PM2.5 utilizing the PM2.5RT and was 0.94 and 0.83, respectively, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 84% and 52%, respectively; the corresponding linear regression model had a CV of 54% and 25%. For BC, the average correction factor utilizing the BCRT and SKC BC was 0.74 with a CV of 36% with the associated linear regression model producing a CV of 56%. The results from this study will help ensure that the real-time exposure monitors are capable of detecting an estimated PM2.5 after an appropriate statistical model is applied. Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
Decline processes in technological innovation systems: Lessons from energy technologies
Creators: name: Bento, Nuno
name: Nuñez-Jimenez, Alejandro
name: Kittner, Noah
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2025

description:
Technology decline is gaining attention in sustainability transitions because it can accelerate the adoption of sustainable alternatives and mitigate the lingering impacts of polluting technologies. However, a systematic analysis of the processes driving the decline of established technologies remains absent. This paper addresses this gap by introducing the concept of “decline functions,” inspired by the functional analysis of technological innovation systems (TIS). While traditional TIS functions make emerging systems thrive, decline functions contribute to the unravelling of faltering systems. Four decline functions are suggested: delegitimation, guidance toward exit, market decline, and resource demobilization. These functions are applied to four energy-technology cases: incandescent light bulbs, oil-based heating, nuclear power and internal combustion engine cars. Data were collected through a directed literature review. Our analysis reveals that all four decline functions were present and played important roles across the cases. These functions offer a systematic framework for analyzing and comparing cases of declining TIS and can provide actionable insights for policymakers to accelerate sustainability transitions.
Measurement Invariance and Differential Item Functioning in Latent Class Analysis With Stepwise Multiple Indicator Multiple Cause Modeling
Creators: name: Masyn, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: The use of latent class analysis, and finite mixture modeling more generally, has become almost commonplace in social and health science domains. Typically, research aims in mixture model applications include investigating predictors and distal outcomes of latent class membership. The most recent developments for incorporating latent class antecedents and consequences are stepwise procedures that decouple the classification and prediction models. It was initially believed these procedures might avoid the potential misspecification bias in the simultaneous models that include both latent class indicators and predictors. However, if direct effects from the predictors to the indicators are omitted in the stepwise procedure, the prediction model can yield biased estimates. This article presents a logical and principled approach, readily implemented in current software, to testing for direct effects from latent class predictors to indicators using multiple indicator multiple cause modeling. This approach is illustrated with real data and opportunities for future developments are discussed.
A photomultiplier tube test stand and on-site measurements to characterise the performance of Photonis XP3062 photomultiplier tubes at increased background light conditions and lower gain
Creators: name: Zorn, J.
name: Daumiller, K.
name: Engel, R.
name: Mathes, H. -J.
name: Riegel, M.
name: Smida, R.
name: Werner, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are widely used in astroparticle physics experiments to detect light flashes (e.g. fluorescence or Cherenkov light) from extensive air showers (EASs) initiated by statistically rare very high energy cosmic particles when travelling through the atmosphere. Their high amplification factor (gain) allows the detection of very low photon fluxes down to single photons. At the same time this sensitivity causes the gain and signal-to-noise ratio to decrease with collected charge over the lifetime of the PMT (referred to as "ageing"). To avoid fast ageing, many experiments limit the PMT operation to reasonably low night sky background (NSB) conditions. However, in order to collect more event statistics at the highest energies, it is desirable to extend the measurement cycle into (part of) nights with higher NSB levels. In case the signal-to-noise ratio remains large enough in the subsequent reconstruction of the EAS events, lowering the PMT gain in such conditions can be an option to avoid faster ageing. In this paper, performance studies under high NSB with Photonis XP3062 PMTs, as used in the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory, are presented. The results suggest that lowering the PMT gain by a factor of 10 while increasing the NSB level by a similar factor does not significantly affect the PMT performance and ageing behaviour so that detection and offline reconstruction of EASs are still possible. Adjusting the PMT gain according to a changing NSB level throughout a night has been shown to be possible and it follows a predictable behaviour. This allows to extend the measurement cycles of experiments, based on PMTs of type Photonis XP3062 or comparable and exposed to the NSB, to enhance the sensitivity especially at the highest energies where events are very rare.
A dynamical Borel-Cantelli lemma via improvements to Dirichlet's theorem
Creators: name: Kleinbock, Dmitry
name: Yu, Shucheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X\cong \operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb R)/\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb Z)$ be the space of unimodular lattices in $\mathbb R^2$, and for any $r\ge 0$ denote by $K_r\subset X$ the set of lattices such that all its nonzero vectors have supremum norm at least $e^{-r}$. These are compact nested subset{s} of $X$, with $K_0 = {\bigcap}_{r}K_r$ being the union of two closed horocycles. We use an explicit second moment formula for the Siegel transform of the indicator functions of squares in $\mathbb R^2$ centered at the origin to derive an asymptotic formula for the volume of sets $K_r$ as $r\to 0$. Combined with a zero-one law for the set of the $ψ$-Dirichlet numbers established by Kleinbock and Wadleigh, this gives a new dynamical Borel-Cantelli lemma for the geodesic flow on $X$ with respect to the family of shrinking targets $\{K_r\}$.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
The Spatial Distributional Effect of Common Agricultural Policy Reform
Creators: name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Grealis, Eoin
name: Loughrey, Jason
name: Donnellan, Trevor
name: Hanrahan, Kevin
name: Hennessy, Thia
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Grealis, Eoin
name: Loughrey, Jason
name: Donnellan, Trevor
name: Hanrahan, Kevin
name: Hennessy, Thia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Agricultural incomes are quite heterogeneous relying as they are in part on the environmental context which land is farmed. In addition a very significant proportion of agricultural income results from public policy via the Farm Direct Payments within in the Common Agricultural Policy. In this paper we develop and test a methodology to spatially model the distribution of Agricultural Activity and associated income across place utilising a spatial microsimulation model. In particular we build upon a quota sampling method used in the development household based spatial microsimulation models to account for spatial heterogeneity in relation to stocking rate. We utilise this framework to model the spatial distribution of activity, incomes and viability across Ireland. We also model the static spatial incidence of changes in the Common Agricultural Policy.
Bridging The Gender Gap: How Can The Cybersecurity Industry Attract Generation Z Women?
Creators: name: Latter, Jessie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description:
<span style="color: #242424; font-family: 'Aptos Narrow', Calibri, 'sans-serif', 'Mongolian Baiti', 'Microsoft Yi Baiti', 'Javanese Text', 'Yu Gothic'; font-size: 14.6667px; white-space-collapse: preserve; background-color: #ffffff;">Despite a critical shortage of cybersecurity professionals, the industry continues to face a significant gender gap, with women vastly underrepresented in cybersecurity roles. This disparity persists despite the high demand for skilled workers in the field. Several factors contribute to this ongoing gap, including a lack of female role models and mentors, pervasive biases, and a male-dominated culture. One promising solution is to actively recruit and encourage more Generation Z women to pursue careers in cybersecurity. Known for being "digital natives," Generation Z is an ideal demographic to fill these roles, as they are tech-savvy, well-educated, and poised to drive innovation in addressing both current and future cybersecurity challenges. Drawing on interviews with industry experts, this paper identifies five key themes that should be considered before attempting to recruit Gen Z women. Additionally, based on a comprehensive literature review, five actionable strategies are provided to effectively engage and attract this demographic into the cybersecurity workforce.
Multi-outcome homodyne detection in a coherent-state light interferometer
Creators: name: Wang, J. Z.
name: Yang, Z. Q.
name: Chen, A. X.
name: Yang, W.
name: Jin, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cramér-Rao bound plays a central role in both classical and quantum parameter estimation, but finding the observable and the resulting inversion estimator that saturates this bound remains an open issue for general multi-outcome measurements. Here we consider multi-outcome homodyne detection in a coherent-light Mach-Zehnder interferometer and construct a family of inversion estimators that almost saturate the Cramér-Rao bound over the whole range of phase interval. This provides a clue on constructing optimal inversion estimators for phase estimation and other parameter estimation in any multi-outcome measurement.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: Isogeometric sizing and shape optimization of 3D beams and lattice structures at large deformations
Creators: name: Weeger, Oliver
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description: A computational method for optimizing the shape of the centerline curve and the spatial variation of geometric and material sizing parameters of the cross-sections of elastic, 3-dimensional beams and beam structures subject to large deformations is presented in this work. The approach is based on the concept of isogeometric analysis, i.e., the representation of geometry and the discretization of the numerical solution using spline functions. Here, mixed isogeometric collocation methods are used to discretize the geometrically exact 3D beam model. These spline representations are extended to the parameterization of the design variables, which are the initial centerline curves of the beams, as well as cross-sectional sizing properties, which may be varying along the beam axis and can be functionally graded through the cross-sections. To tailor the mechanical deformation behavior of a beam or beam structure, a nonlinear optimization problem is formulated and solved using gradient-based methods. For this purpose, all required gradients and sensitivities are derived analytically. The potential of this holistic design optimization approach is demonstrated in application to tailoring of elastic metamaterials and beam lattice structures, as well as 4D printing of multi-material laminate beams.
Limnoria quadripunctata Holthuis 1949
Creators: name: Castelló, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Isopoda
Limnoriidae
Limnoria
Limnoria quadripunctata

description: Limnoria quadripunctata Holthuis, 1949
 Material examined. See Table 2.
 Diagnosis. See Table 1.
 Distribution in Europe. The Netherlands, France, England, Portugal, and Italy (Atlantic European coast and Central Mediterranean).
 Remarks. All the ovigerous females examined, except the specimen dissected, have small oostegites. Ovigerous female 3.0 mm (BMNH 1991.124) weakly sclerotised. The specimens studied are from New Zealand. According to Cookson (1991), the specimens from New Zealand and Europe do not present differences in the pereopodal setation.
description: Published as part of Castelló, José, 2011, The genus Limnoria (Limnoriidae, Isopoda, Crustacea) in Europe, including a key to species, pp. 1-25 in Zootaxa 2968 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2968.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281344
A Lorentzian cure for Euclidean troubles
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Dasgupta, A.
name: Jurkiewicz, J.
name: Loll, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is strong evidence coming from Lorentzian dynamical triangulations that the unboundedness of the gravitational action is no obstacle to the construction of a well-defined non-perturbative path integral. In a continuum approach, a similar suppression of the conformal divergence comes about as the result of a non-trivial path-integral measure.
description: 3 pages
Spatial Concentration of Milk Production in Norway: The Flow of Quotas
Creators: name: Marton, Tibor
name: Marton, Tibor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper sets up several random effects spatial autoregressive panel data models with nested Translog production function with non-constant and non-neutral technological change to explain the variation of milk quantity with given stocks of capital, labor (hired and family) and feed production area as other limited productive resource. The aim of the paper is to discover the spatial spillovers in Norwegian milk production as a result of changing quota systems by introducing a spatially lagged variable of milk output. The paper examines three distinctive 5-year balanced panel data sets to account for the evolving milk quota system, such as: no quota, restrictive quota and transferable quota system. The paper also derives joint and conditional Lagrange Multiplier (LM) tests for detecting spatial error correlation (ρ), serial correlation (ψ) and random individual effects (µ) in panel models as well as Moran's I test for testing spatial dependence on panel variables. The tests help to avoid misspecifications of the spatial models. The outcome of the SAREM2SRRE model verified our hypothesis of increasing quota flows within the counties, since the spatial spillover parameters (λ) showed increasing trend under the distinguished dataframes. As a conclusion, the quota system gave rise to positive structural changes because it increased the spatial interdependence and spatial relations between Norwegian dairy farmers.
Clinical utility of venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in patients with drug-induced cardiogenic shock: a retrospective study of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organizations’ ECMO case registry
Creators: name: Weiner, Lindsay
name: Mazzeffi, Michael A.
name: Hines, Elizabeth Q.
name: Gordon, David
name: Herr, Daniel L.
name: Kim, Hong K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly utilized to treat severe or refractory drug-induced cardiovascular shock. There is limited evidence regarding VA-ECMO’s clinical utility in poisoning. Therefore, we investigated the clinical benefit of VA-ECMO use in drug-induced cardiovascular shock using the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO)’s ECMO case registry. Methods: The ELSO registry was systematically searched retrospectively, using ICD-9/10 codes for poisoning-related cases from January 1, 2003 to July 30, 2018. All adult cases (age ≥ 18 years) that received VA-ECMO for cardiac support were included. Cardiogenic shock was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg, mean arterial pressure (MAP) <65 mmHg, or requiring infusion of ≥2 vasopressor agents. Study outcomes included survival to discharge (i.e., from the ECMO center), changes in metabolic (acid/base), hemodynamic and ventilatory status, and complications related to ECMO support. Demographic and clinical characteristics of pre-ECMO and 24-h after VA-ECMO cannulation were compared between survivors vs. non-survivors. Results: A total of 113 cases were identified from the ELSO registry; 9 cases were excluded because cardiogenic shock was not related to poisoning, leaving 104 cases for analysis. The median age was 34 years and 53.5% (n = 54) were male. Cardiovascular agents were involved in 47.1% (n = 49) of the cases followed by opioids (n = 9, 6.7%); 34 cases experienced pre-ECMO cardiac arrest. About 92.4% of the cases (n = 85) received vasopressor infusion for hemodynamic support, most frequently norepinephrine (83.7%). Median duration of VA-ECMO was 68 h (interquartile range [IQR]: 48, 113 h); 52.9% (n = 55) of the cases survived to discharge. VA-ECMO significantly improved hemodynamics (MAP, SBP, and DBP), acidemia/acidosis (pH, HCO3 level) and ventilatory parameters (pO2, SpO2, and SvO2). Non-survivors showed persistent acidemia/acidosis at 24-h after VA-ECMO cannulation compared to survivors. Renal replacement therapy (50.9%) and arrhythmia (26.3%) were the most frequently reported complications. Conclusions: VA-ECMO improved hemodynamic and metabolic parameters in patients with drug-induced cardiogenic shock (DCS).
Thinking Globally, Acting Locally: Water Use in a Hospital Hemodialysis Unit
Creators: name: Haddad S.
name: Kittner N.
name: Flythe J.E.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2024

description:
Hemodialysis is a lifesaving treatment for over 3.5 million people with kidney failure worldwide, but, in its present form, comes at considerable environmental costs because of its high water and energy consumption and large amounts of generated waste. Hemodialysis treatments, including prime and rinse phases, can require as much as 490 L of water, equivalent to 158% of the average daily water use of an American household. Globally, dialysis-related water consumption is approximately 265 billion L/yr. With approximately 7500 outpatient clinics serving over 500,000 patients, hemodialysis in the United States accounts for a substantial portion of this water usage. Hospitals also consume significant water resources, accounting for 7% of the water used in commercial buildings across the United States. Estimates suggest that implementation of hospital water-saving practices may reduce water use and operational costs by as much as 15% and 11%, respectively.
Model development and validation of a dual-axis PV tracking system: a case of South Africa
Creators: name: Hohne, Percy Andrew
name: Kusakana, Kanzumba
name: Numbi, Bubele Papy
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Dual axis photovoltaic (PV) tracking system is considered in general to be a poor investment. This is mainly due to the substantial initial investment costs that these systems carry. However, in recent years, solar panels and accompanying component costs have decreased significantly. Additionally, electricity price hikes in South Africa have compelled most of the country’s citizens to reconsider their sources of electrical energy. A popular alternative to grid energy in South Africa is the use of photovoltaic systems. Careful consideration is required when choosing from the various systems available on the market. The main method for maximizing the output power of these systems is to introduce solar tracking systems. Therefore, in this paper, a model of a dual axis tracking system is developed and validated against a real-world plant in the Bloemfontein region in South Africa. The presented model was observed to be accurate to within an error rate of 6.39%. Additionally, the performance of the inverters of the PV tracking systems were evaluated and discussed. The validated model may prove to be an excellent tool for energy managers to determine the feasibility of such systems, compared to conventional photovoltaic setups.
Seasonal Challenges for a Zero-Carbon Grid in California
Creators: name: Kurtz S.R.
name: Kittner N.
name: Kammen D.M.
name: Abido M.Y.
name: Jones R.K.
name: Castellanos S.
name: Sanchez-Perez P.A.
name: Shiraishi K.
name: Mahmud Z.
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Year: 2021

description:
Today resource adequacy is most often maintained by installing natural gas plants to meet the peak load. In California, the current risk of inadequate electricity supply is highest around sunset in late summer. In a zero-carbon grid, resource adequacy will increasingly require adequate stored energy throughout the entire year. Here we seek to develop an intuition about the times of the year when resource adequacy may be most challenged for a solar-dominant system. We use a simplified approach and show that the month of the biggest challenge occurs in winter and can shift by more than two months depending on the amount of solar and storage that are built.
Gas Phase Processes Affecting Galactic Evolution
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas processes affecting star formation are reviewed with an emphasis on gravitational and magnetic instabilities as a source of turbulence. Gravitational instabilities are pervasive in a multi-phase medium, even for sub-threshold column densities, suggesting that only an ISM with a pure-warm phase can stop star formation. The instabilities generate turbulence, and this turbulence influences the structure and timing of star formation through its effect on the gas distribution and density. The final trigger for star formation is usually direct compression by another star or cluster. The star formation rate is apparently independent of the detailed mechanisms for star formation, and determined primarily by the total mass of gas in a dense form. If the density distribution function is a log-normal, as suggested by turbulence simulations, then this dense gas mass can be calculated and the star formation rate determined from first principles. The results suggest that only 10**(-4) of the ISM mass actively participates in the star formation process and that this fraction does so because its density is larger than 10**5 cm-3, at which point several key processes affecting dynamical equilibrium begin to break down.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, in "The Evolution of Galaxies. III - From simple approaches to self-consistent models", proceedings of the Third EuroConference on the evolution of galaxies, Kiel, Germany, July 16-20, 2002. Eds. G. Stasinska, G. Hensler, et al., Kluwer Publishers. in press
STILES at Arcetri: introducing two research facilities dedicated to problem solving for the ELTs
Creators: name: Bonaglia, Marco
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Azzaroli, Nicolo
name: Briguglio, Runa
name: Busoni, Lorenzo
name: Carbonaro, Luca
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Grani, Paolo
name: Riccardi, Armando
name: Xompero, Marco
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: EXTREMELY LARGE TELESCOPE
EXTREME ADAPTIVE OPTICS
PYRAMID WAVEFRONT SENSOR
M4
PISTON ERROR
COPHASING.

description: Here we introduce two RD facilities we are going to set up at the Arcetri Observatory premises. The framework is the Strengthening the Italian leadership in ELT and SKA (STILES) project and the goal is to deepen the knowledge of the next generation of adaptive optics systems on 40 m class telescopes by moving the experimentation from computer-based numerical simulations to the lab. STILES is funded by the Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR) within the Next Generation EU (NGEU) programme. This represents a unique oppotunity to provide the Arcetri Observatory with state of the art equipment allowing the international community to benefit from two cutting edge facilities that will be set up in the ADONI laboratory. In particular these are the AO-Cascading and AO-Petalometer test benches, the former dedicated to study the Extreme Adaptive Optics (XAO) technique for planet finding instruments at ELT and the latter dedicated to the solution of the piston control on the ELT segmented pupil. In this paper we will give an overview of the conceptual design of these two benches, focusing on the main design constraints.
Policy Drivers of Land Mobility in Irish Agriculture
Creators: name: Geoghegan, Cathal
name: Kinsella, Anne
name: O’Donoghue, Cathal
name: Geoghegan, Cathal
name: Kinsella, Anne
name: O’Donoghue, Cathal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Use
subject: Land Tenure
subject: Tax
subject: Subsidies
subject: Microsimulation

description: This paper compares financial returns deriving from a range of agricultural land use options in order to examine the effectiveness of agricultural land mobility policies in Ireland. Irish agriculture is characterised by a lack of land mobility despite a number of policy initiatives designed to address to problem, most notably tax exemptions on income derived from the long-term leasing of land. Using socio-economic data from the Teagasc National Farm Survey, a number of hypothetical farms are created using a microsimulation approach to compare incomes across farm systems and land use options. Tax and subsidy policies are applied to derive rates of return for the hypothetical farms under a variety of land use scenarios. The analysis finds that in numerous hypothetical scenarios, leasing out agricultural land on a long-term basis can prove more profitable for cattle and tillage farmers than farming the land. Only dairy farmers derive consistently higher disposable incomes from farming their land as opposed to leasing it out. However, despite these results, 66% of Irish agricultural land is used for cattle and tillage farming. Further work is required to determine the reasons why many Irish farmers prefer to farm land unprofitably rather than lease the land out at a profit.
In vitro and in vivo efficacy of Caenorhabditis elegans recombinant antimicrobial protein against Gram-negative bacteria
Creators: name: Mir, Dilawar Ahmad
name: Krishnaswamy Balamurugan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short, positively charged host defense peptides, found in various life forms from microorganisms to humans. AMPs are gaining more attention as substitutes for antibiotics in order to combat the risk posed by multi-drug- resistant pathogens. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans relies solely on its innate immune defense to cope with its challenging life-style. Bacterial infection in C. elegans leads to induction of antimicrobial proteins, defensins, nemapores, cecropins, and neuropeptide-like proteins, which act to limit bacterial proliferation. This study reports how the C. elegans recombinant antibacterial factor (ABF-1) rapidly inhibited bacterial growth (Salmonella Typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella sonnei and Vibrio alginolyticus). The ABF-1 exposure on S. Typhi, showed differential regulation in cell-cycle, DNA repair mechanism, membrane stability, and stress related proteins. The exogenous supply of ABF-1 protein has extended C. elegans survival by reducing the bacterial colony forming units on the nematode intestine. Together, these findings indicate the valuable and potential therapeutic applications of ABF-1 protein as antimicrobial agents against intracellular pathogens.
An analytic framework to assess future electricity options in Kosovo
Creators: name: Kittner N.
name: Dimco H.
name: Azemi V.
name: Tairyan E.
name: Kammen D.M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2016

description:
We have developed an analytic platform to analyze the electricity options, costs, and impacts for Kosovo, a nation that is a critical part of the debate over centralized versus distributed electricity generation and the role of fossil fuels versus cleaner electricity options to meet growing demands for power. We find that a range of alternatives exists to meet present supply constraints all at a lower cost than constructing a proposed 600 MW coal plant. The options include energy efficiency measures, combinations of solar PV, wind, hydropower, and biomass, and the introduction of natural gas. A 30 EUR ton-1 shadow price on CO2 increases costs of coal generation by at least 330 million EUR. The results indicate that financing a new coal plant is the most expensive pathway to meet future electricity demand.
Analysis of impact of rural development subsides on cropping specialization in Bulgaria and Romania using FADN data
Creators: name: GALLUZZO, NICOLA
name: GALLUZZO, NICOLA
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Accountancy Data Network
subject: less favored rural areas
subject: Single Area Payment Schemes
subject: Kohonen’s map

description: Bulgaria and Romania are characterized by a higher percentage incidence of rural population than other European nations and a significant diffusion of less favoured areas with limited agricultural surfaces as well. The objective of this paper was to investigate, via a quantitative approach, effects and relationships among funds allocated by the second pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy on cropping specialization. Furthermore, subsidies and other financial supports assigned by specific agricultural and rural policies have had a positive role in areas at risk of marginalization and characterized by out migration issues. In the quantitative analysis we used the data published by the European Union in the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) since 2007 to 2012. In Bulgaria, as a consequence of a greater diffusion of large size farms, the financial subsides allocated by the EU, throughout Single Area Payment Scheme and towards crops have been significant in Romania and Bulgaria. Romania has pointed out a positive impact of financial aids paid to less favoured areas in order to reduce the rural marginalization and countryside depopulation.
Short-term prediction of Electricity Outages Caused by Convective Storms
Creators: name: Tervo, Roope
name: Karjalainen, Joonas
name: Jung, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prediction of power outages caused by convective storms which are highly localised in space and time is of crucial importance to power grid operators. We propose a new machine learning approach to predict the damage caused by storms. This approach hinges identifying and tracking of storm cells using weather radar images on the application of machine learning techniques. Overall prediction process consists of identifying storm cells from CAPPI weather radar images by contouring them with a solid 35 dBZ threshold, predicting a track of storm cells and classifying them based on their damage potential to power grid operators. Tracked storm cells are then classified by combining data obtained from weather radar, ground weather observations and lightning detectors. We compare random forest classifiers and deep neural networks as alternative methods to classify storm cells. The main challenge is that the training data are heavily imbalanced as extreme weather events are rare.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1805.07897