cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Powerful Radio Halo in the Hottest Known Cluster of Galaxies 1E0657-56
Creators: name: Liang, H.
name: Hunstead, R. W.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Andreani, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a diffuse radio halo source in the hottest known cluster of galaxies 1E0657-56 (RXJ0658-5557). The radio halo has a morphology similar to the X-ray emission from the hot intracluster medium. The presence of a luminous radio halo in such a hot cluster is further evidence for a steep correlation between the radio halo power and the X-ray temperature. We favour models for the origin of radio halo sources involving a direct connection between the X-ray emitting thermal particles and the radio emitting relativistic particles.
description: 21 pages of text, 9 figures, to appear in ApJ
Chaotic bound state of localized structures in the complex Ginzburg--Landau equation
Creators: name: Turaev, Dmitry
name: Vladimirov, Andrei
name: Zelik, Sergey
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: dissipative soliton
subject: pulse interaction
subject: homoclinic bifurcation
subject: 78A60
subject: 35Q60
subject: 35B32
subject: 42.65.Sf
subject: 05.45.-a
subject: 42.65.Tg

description: A new type of stable dynamic bound state of dissipative localized structures is found. It is characterized by chaotic oscillations of distance between the localized structures, their phase difference, and the center of mass velocity.
Discovery of the new X-ray transient MAXI J1807+132: a Candidate of a Neutron Star Low-mass X-ray binary
Creators: name: Shidatsu, Megumi
name: Tachibana, Yutaro
name: Yoshii, Taketoshi
name: Negoro, Hitoshi
name: Kawamuro, Taiki
name: Iwakiri, Wataru
name: Nakahira, Satoshi
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
name: Serino, Motoko
name: Kennea, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection and follow-up multi-wavelength observations of the new X-ray transient MAXI J1807+132 with the MAXI/GSC, Swift, and ground-based optical telescopes. The source was first recognized with the MAXI/GSC on 2017 March 13. About a week later, it reached the maximum intensity ($\sim$10 mCrab in 2-10 keV), and then gradually faded in $\sim$10 days by more than one order of magnitude. Time-averaged Swift/XRT spectra in the decaying phase can be described by a blackbody with a relatively low temperature (0.1-0.5 keV), plus a hard power-law component with a photon index of $\sim$2. These spectral properties are similar to those of neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) in their dim periods. The blackbody temperature and the radius of the emission region varied in a complex manner as the source became dimmer. The source was detected in the optical wavelength on March 27-31 as well. The optical flux decreased monotonically as the X-ray flux decayed. The correlation between the X-ray and optical fluxes is found to be consistent with those of known neutron star LMXBs, supporting the idea that the source is likely to be a transient neutron star LMXB.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Testing for the Role of Prejudice in Emergency Departments Using Bounceback Rates
Creators: name: Shamena  Anwar
name: Hanming  Fang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: We propose and empirically implement a test for the presence of racial prejudice among emergency department (ED) physicians based on the bounceback rates of patients discharged after receiving diagnostic tests during their initial ED visit. A bounceback is defined as a return to the ED within 72 hours of being initially discharged. Applying the test to administrative data of ED visits from California and New Jersey, we do not find evidence of prejudice against black and Hispanic patients, but we find evidence of prejudice against Asians in California. We also find evidence of prejudice against male patients.
INDUSTRIAL PALM OIL MILLING MACHINES STARTING TORQUE EFFECT OF REMOVING COMPENSATING WINDING USING UNIVERSAL MACHINE
Creators: name: Chizindu, Stanley Esobinenwu
name: Lamidi, Salihu Owuda
Publisher: name: TOP J ournals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Armature
Milling
Compensating
Universal
Commutation
Brush sparking
Erosion

description: Industrial palm oil milling machines starting torque effect of removing compensating winding using universal machine is presented. The palm oil milling plant machine is the equipment use for processing of raw material reception, sterilizing, threshing, digesting, pressing, clarifying, drying and the output product is palm oil. Compensation machine windings are a winding in the field pole face plate that carries armature current to reduce stator field distortion. Its purpose is to reduce brush arcing and erosion in machine that operates with weak fields, variable heavy loads and reversing operation.  Uncompensated windings of industrial palm oil milling machines have received negative threat in oil production due to this phenomenon. The series reactance was reduced by fewer turn of heavier wire gauges and is impracticable to eliminate reactance voltage drop so as not to eliminate magnetic field. The reactance voltage drop was completely eliminated by the uses of compensating windings immediately it was connected in series with armature of mill universal machine, and arranged so that the ampere-turns of the compensating winding opposes and neutralizes the ampere-turns of the armature. The compensating winding displaced 90 electrical degrees from the field winding and the mechanical displacement 45 degrees. The commutation also improves considerably Universal machines operates both on alternating current and on direct current source. When coupled to electro-dynamometer, the machine current and the torque developed were recorded as I=3.7Amps dc and torque =16Ibf.in. The industrial palm oil milling universal machine for uncompensated for AC operation the current and speed was recorded as current (I) = 2.4Aac and AC speed = 230rev/min. and more sparking at the brushes and for uncompensated for DC operation the current and speed was recorded as current (I) = 2.5Aac and AC speed = 2680rev/min. The industrial palm oil universal machine was loaded up to 9Ibf.in. the industrial palm oil milling universal machine for inductive compensation operation the current, speed and torque was recorded as current (I) = 2.4Aac, AC speed = 1430rev/min and AC torque = 9Ibf.in. Industrial palm oil milling universal machine stalled as soon as the short was removed. The full power cannot develop when it is uncompensated. Inductive compensation for DC operation, the current, speed and torque was recorded as current (I) = 4.1Adc, DC speed = 2400rev/min and AC torque = 9Ibf.in. and there was no changed when the short was removed. This recommended for machines designers and operators of industries of Palm oil milling, fans and blowers, hair dryers, electric shavers, electric heir clippers, can openers, sewing machines, vibrators, coffee grinders, power screwdrivers, nut drivers, sabre saws, and hedge clippers
Testing for Racial Prejudice in the Parole Board Release Process: Theory and Evidence
Creators: name: Shamena  Anwar
name: Hanming  Fang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: We develop a model of a Parole Board contemplating whether to grant parole release to a prisoner who has finished serving their minimum sentence. The model implies a simple outcome test for racial prejudice which is based on the released inmate’s rate of recidivism and is robust to the inframarginality problem. Our model has several testable implications which we show empirical support for. Applying our test to data on all prison releases in Pennsylvania between 1999-2003 we find no evidence of racial prejudice.
Dynamics of ostracod communities throughout the Mulde/lundgreni event: contrasting patterns of species richness and paleocommunity compositional change
Creators: name: Rinkevičiūtė, S.
name: Stankevič, R.
name: Radzevičius, S.
name: Meidla, T.
name: Garbaras, A.
name: Spiridonov, A.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Ostracod abundance and isotopic data
Sensitivity analysis for indirect measurement in scatterometry and the reconstruction of periodic grating structures
Creators: name: Gross, Hermann
name: Rathsfeld, Andreas
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diffraction gratings
subject: inverse problems
subject: sensitivity analysis
subject: 78A46
subject: 65N30
subject: 65K05
subject: 42.25.Fx

description: In this work, we discuss some aspects of numerical algorithms for the determination of periodic surface structures (gratings) from light diffraction patterns. With decreasing structure details of lithography masks, increasing demands on suitable metrology techniques arise. Methods like scatterometry as a non-imaging indirect optical method are applied to simple periodic line structures in order to evaluate the quality of the manufacturing process. Using scatterometry, geometrical parameters of periodic structures including period (pitch), side-wall angles, heights, top and bottom widths of trapezoid shaped bridges can be determined. The mathematical model for the scattering is based on the time-harmonic Maxwell's equations and reduces in case of grating structures to the Helmholtz equation. For the numerical simulation, e.g. finite element methods can be applied to solve the corresponding boundary value problems. More challenging is the inverse problem, where the grating geometry is to be reconstructed from the measured diffraction patterns. Restricting the class of gratings and the set of measurements, the inverse problem can be reformulated as a non-linear operator equation in Euclidean spaces. The operator maps the parameters describing the grating to special efficiencies of plane wave modes diffracted by the grating. We employ a Newton type iterative method to solve this operator equation. The reconstruction properties and the convergence of the numerical algorithm, however, is controlled by the local conditioning of the non-linear mapping, i.e. by the condition numbers of its Jacobian matrix. To improve the convergence of the iteration and the accuracy of the reconstruction, we determine optimal sets of efficiencies for the measurements by optimizing the condition numbers of the corresponding Jacobians. Numerical examples for a chrome-glass mask and for an inspecting light of wave length 632.8 nm confirm that an optimization of the measurement data results in better solutions.
Moderate deviations for random walk in random scenery
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Klaus
name: Mörters, Peter
name: Wachtel, Vitali
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Moderate deviation principles
subject: self-intersection local times
subject: concentration inequalities
subject: large deviations
subject: moderate deviation regimes
subject: maximum of local times
subject: precise asymptotics
subject: annealed probabilities
subject: Cramér's condition
subject: 60F10
subject: 60K37

description: We investigate random walks in independent, identically distributed random sceneries under the assumption that the scenery variables satisfy Cramér's condition. We prove moderate deviation principles in dimensions $dge 2$, covering all those regimes where rate and speed do not depend on the actual distribution of the scenery. In the case $dge 4$ we even obtain precise asymptotics for the annealed probability of a moderate deviation, extending a classical central limit theorem of Kesten and Spitzer. In $dge 3$, an important ingredient in the proofs are new concentration inequalities for self-intersection local times of random walks, which are of independent interest, whilst in $d=2$ we use a recent moderate deviation result for self-intersection local times, which is due to Bass, Chen and Rosen.
Testing for Discrimination: Evidence from the Game Show Street Smarts
Creators: name: Shamena  Anwar
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper conducts two alternative tests of discrimination in the game show Street Smarts, which both exploit the unique setup of the game to determine why discrimination occurs. The results indicate non-black contestants have a lower prior perception of the skill level of blacks relative to non-blacks in answering the average question in the game. When results are stratified by question category, one finds that non-black contestants perceive blacks and non-blacks to have equal ability in answering general knowledge questions. However, they perceive blacks to have a lower ability in answering miscellaneous, entertainment, and slang/common saying questions.
Testing for changes in the SES-mortality gradient when the distribution of education changes too
Creators: name: Goldring, Thomas
name: Lange, Fabian
name: Richards-Shubik, Seth
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: We develop a flexible test for changes in the SES-mortality gradient over time that accounts for how education, commonly used as the primary marker of SES, is distributed in the population. We implement the test for the period between 1984 and 2006 using microdata from the Census, CPS, and NHIS linked to death records. Using our flexible test, we find that the evidence for a change in the education-mortality gradient is not as strong and universal as previous research has suggested. Our results indicate that the gradient increased for females during this time period, but we cannot rule out that the gradient among males has not changed. Informally, the results suggest that the changes for females are mainly driven by the bottom of the education distribution.
Mechanical and optical nanodevices in single-crystal quartz
Creators: name: Sohn, Young-Ik
name: Miller, Rachel
name: Venkataraman, Vivek
name: Lončar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-crystal α-quartz, one of the most widely used piezoelectric materials, has enabled a wide range of timing applications. Owing to the fact that integrated thin-film based quartz platform is not available, most of these applications rely on macroscopic, bulk crystal-based devices. Here we show that the Faraday cage angled-etching technique can be used to realize nanoscale electromechanical and photonic devices in quartz. Using this approach, we demonstrate quartz nanomechanical cantilevers and ring resonators featuring Qs of 4,900 and 8,900, respectively.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Light Propagation Effects In QED: Effective Action Approach
Creators: name: Cho, Y. M.
name: Pak, D. G.
name: Walker, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of light propagation in constant magnetic and electric backgrounds are considered in the framework of the effective action approach. We use the exact analytic series representation for the one-loop effective action of QED and apply it to the birefringence effect. Analytical results for the light velocity modes are obtained for weak and strong field regime. We present asymptotic formulae for the light velocity modes for the ultra strong magnetic field which can be realized in some neutron stars.
description: 9 pages, 4 figs, accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Testing 1,2,3: An Analysis of 4Sight in Pennsylvania
Creators: name: Strauss, Robert
name: Turner, Abigail
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper analyzes the effectiveness of a battery of formative assessments, 4Sight, which are broadly aligned with annual assessments required by NCLB. These formative assessments are designed to provide teachers with feedback on student performance throughout the year in order to raise end of year student test scores. Methodologies for evaluating the effect of using 4Sight on test score outcomes are drawn from the program evaluation literature, and include individual and school-level OLS as well as matching at the school-level. Micro-econometric results show that 4Sight had no discernible effect on math scores and a small negative effect on reading scores in its first year in Pennsylvania. Policy recommendations include continuing a smaller-scale trial period of 4Sight for several more years in conjunction with careful, improved alignment between 4Sight and PSSA, ongoing empirical analysis of its effects, and incorporating more opportunity for feedback to teachers and students to improve 4Sight as a formative assessment.
Scattering theory for open quantum systems
Creators: name: Behrndt, Jussi
name: Malamud, Mark
name: Neidhardt, Hagen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Scattering theory
subject: open quantum system
subject: maximal dissipative operator
subject: pseudo-Hamiltonian
subject: quasi-Hamiltonian
subject: Lax-Phillips scattering
subject: scattering matrix
subject: characteristic function
subject: boundary triplet
subject: Weyl function
subject: Sturm-Liouville operator
subject: 47A40
subject: 47B25
subject: 47A55
subject: 47B44
subject: 47E05

description: Quantum systems which interact with their environment are often modeled by maximal dissipative operators or so-called Pseudo-Hamiltonians. In this paper the scattering theory for such open systems is considered. First it is assumed that a single maximal dissipative operator $A_D$ in a Hilbert space $sH$ is used to describe an open quantum system. In this case the minimal self-adjoint dilation $widetilde K$ of $A_D$ can be regarded as the Hamiltonian of a closed system which contains the open system $[A_D,sH]$, but since $widetilde K$ is necessarily not semibounded from below, this model is difficult to interpret from a physical point of view. In the second part of the paper an open quantum system is modeled with a family $[A(mu)]$ of maximal dissipative operators depending on energy $mu$, and it is shown that the open system can be embedded into a closed system where the Hamiltonian is semibounded. Surprisingly it turns out that the corresponding scattering matrix can be completely recovered from scattering matrices of single Pseudo-Hamiltonians as in the first part of the paper. The general results are applied to a class of Sturm-Liouville operators arising in dissipative and quantum transmitting Schrödinger-Poisson systems.
Realistic heterointerfaces model for excitonic states in growth-interrupted quantum wells
Creators: name: Savona, Vincenzo
name: Langbein, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the disorder of the heterointerfaces in GaAs quantum wells including long-range components like monolayer island formation induced by the surface diffusion during the epitaxial growth process. Taking into account both interfaces, a disorder potential for the exciton motion in the quantum well plane is derived. The excitonic optical properties are calculated using either a time-propagation of the excitonic polarization with a phenomenological dephasing, or a full exciton eigenstate model including microscopic radiative decay and phonon scattering rates. While the results of the two methods are generally similar, the eigenstate model does predict a distribution of dephasing rates and a somewhat modified spectral response. Comparing the results with measured absorption and resonant Rayleigh scattering in GaAs/AlAs quantum wells subjected to growth interrupts, their specific disorder parameters like correlation lengths and interface flatness are determined. We find that the long-range disorder in the two heterointerfaces is highly correlated, having rather similar average in-plane correlation lengths of about 60 and 90 nm. The distribution of dephasing rates observed in the experiment is in agreement with the results of the eigenstate model. Finally, we simulate highly spatially resolved optical experiments resolving individual exciton states in the deduced interface structure.
description: To appear in Physical Review B
Vector meson radiation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Barmore, Bryan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sigma-omega model in mean-field approximation where the meson fields are treated classically, describes much of observed nuclear structure and has been employed to describe the nuclear equation of state up to the quark-gluon phase transition. The acceleration of the meson sources, for example, in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, should result in bremsstrahlung-like radiation of the meson fields. The many mesons emitted serve to justify the use of classical meson fields. The slowing of the nuclei during the collision is modeled here as a smooth transition from initial to final velocity. Under ultra-relativistic conditions, vector radiation dominates. The angular distribution of energy flux shows a characteristic shape. It appears that if the vector meson field couples to the conserved baryon current, independent of the baryonic degrees of freedom, this mechanism will contribute to the radiation seen in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The possible influence of the quark-gluon plasma is also considered.
description: 17 pages, 4 postscript figures. Uses elsart.sty and psfig.sty. Improved motivation and typographical corrections. Accepted for publication by Nuclear Physics A
Tabu Search Enhanced Markov Blanket Classifier for High Dimensional Data Sets
Creators: name: Bai, Xue
name: Padman, Rema
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Data sets with many discrete variables and relatively few cases arise in health care, ecommerce, national security, and many other domains. Learning effective and efficient prediction models from such data sets is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a Tabu Search enhanced Markov Blanket (TS/MB) procedure to learn a graphical Markov Blanket classifier from data. The TS/MB procedure is based on the use of restricted neighborhoods in a general Bayesian network constrained by the Markov condition, called Markov Equivalent Neighborhoods. Computational results from real world data sets drawn from health care domain indicate that the TS/MB procedure converges fast, is able to find a parsimonious model with substantially fewer predictor variables than in the full data sets, gives comparable or better prediction performance when compared against several machine learning methods, and provides insight into possible causal relations among the variables.
Hartmann--Tzeng bound and Skew Cyclic Codes of Designed Hamming Distance
Creators: name: Gómez-Torrecillas, José
name: Navarro, Gabriel
name: Lobillo, F. J.
name: Neri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of skew polynomial rings allows to endow linear codes with cyclic structures which are not cyclic in the classical (commutative) sense. Whenever these skew cyclic structures are carefully chosen, some control over the Hamming distance is gained, and it is possible to design efficient decoding algorithms. In this paper, we give a version of the Hartmann-Tzeng bound that works for a wide class of skew cyclic codes. We also provide a practical method for constructing them with designed distance. For skew BCH codes, which are covered by our constructions, we discuss decoding algorithms. Detailed examples illustrate both the theory as the constructive methods it supports.
Supercontinuum generation by the modelation instability
Creators: name: Demircan, Ayhan
name: Bandelow, Uwe
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation
subject: Optical Fiber
subject: Four-Wave-Mixing
subject: 35Q55
subject: 35Q60
subject: 78A60
subject: 42.65.Tg
subject: 42.81.Dp

description: We report on a numerical study of supercontinuum generation in a single-mode optical fiber by the modulation instability. An ultrabroadband octave-spanning continuum is generated for femtosecond pulses with subkilowatt peak power. In particular, we investigate the influence of higher-order effects such as third- and fourth-order dispersion, self-steepening and intrapulse Raman scattering on the supercontinuum generation.
A regularized Newton method in electrical impedance tomography using shape Hessian information
Creators: name: Eppler, Karsten
name: Harbrecht, Helmut
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: electrical impedance tomography
subject: shape optimization
subject: integral equation method
subject: Newton type descent
subject: 49Q10
subject: 49M37
subject: 65N38
subject: 49K20

description: The present paper is concerned with the identification of an obstacle or void of different conductivity included in a two-dimensional domain by measurements of voltage and currents at the boundary. We employ a reformulation of the given identification problem as a shape optimization problem as proposed by Sokolowski and Roche. It turns out that the shape Hessian degenerates at the given hole which gives a further hint on the ill-posedness of the problem. For numerical methods, we propose a preprocessing for detecting the barycenter and a crude approximation of the void or hole. Then, we resolve the shape of the hole by a regularized Newton method.
Thermoelectric phonon glass electron crystal via ion beam patterning of silicon
Creators: name: Zhu, Taishan
name: Swaminathan-Gopalan, Krishnan
name: Stephani, Kelly
name: Ertekin, Elif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion beam irradiation has recently emerged as a versatile approach to functional materials design. We show in this work that patterned defective regions generated by ion beam irradiation of silicon can create a phonon glass electron crystal (PGEC), a longstanding goal of thermoelectrics. By controlling the effective diameter of and spacing between the defective regions, molecular dynamics simulations suggest a reduction of the thermal conductivity by a factor of $\approx$20 is achievable. Boltzmann theory shows that the thermoelectric power factor remains largely intact in the damaged material. To facilitate the Boltzmann theory, we derive an analytical model for electron scattering with cylindrical defective regions based on partial wave analysis. Together we predict a figure of merit of ZT$\approx$0.5 or more at room temperature for optimally patterned geometries of these silicon metamaterials. These findings indicate that nanostructuring of patterned defective regions in crystalline materials is a viable approach to realize a PGEC, and ion beam irradiation could be a promising fabrication strategy.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Sustaining Life – The Role of Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR )
Creators: name: Jordan, James
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Being asked to contribute an article on SBIRs at a time when the program was up for renewal caused us to research the debating arguments. We thought one of the serious impediments to the debate was the obscurity of the process of innovation itself. Calls to action encourage debate and measurement, however, without comprehensive knowledge of the process itself, how can a balanced argument be made and how can we determine what we are measuring? If data expressed that nine out of ten companies failed to make it to venture capital funding sources, that may feel correct, as many should fail early technical hurdles. If we shared that the data was obtained further downstream, after technical feasibility was determined and a working prototype created, perhaps you might be concerned. Participating in the debate without context would not meet our objective, nor would it assist in improving the public’s understanding of ways in which government and citizens can leverage innovation for the common good After reviewing existing publications, it appears our national discussion on innovation frequently excludes commercialization. As we will discuss, the definition of innovation itself must include commercialization.
Effects of nonlocal feedback on traveling fronts in neural fields subject to transmission delay
Creators: name: Hutt, Axel
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: nonlocal neural activity
subject: traveling wave front
subject: constant feedback delay
subject: 45J05
subject: 92C20
subject: 02.50.Sk
subject: 05.45.Xt
subject: 05.10.-a

description: The work introduces a model for reciprocal connections in neural fields by a nonlocal feedback mechanism, while the neural field exhibits nonlocal interactions and intra-areal transmission delays. We study the speed of traveling fronts with respect to the transmission delay, the spatial feedback range and the feedback delay for general axonal and feedback connectivity kernels. In addition, we find a novel shape of traveling fronts due to the applied feedback and criteria for its occurence are derived.
Viviania nubilis Rondani 1861
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Geraniales
Vivianiaceae
Viviania
Viviania nubilis

description: Viviania nubilis Rondani, 1861
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1861e: 54.
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ in collibus agri parmensis, … in planitie [Parmese (Italy) hills … (and) plains]”.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 2 ♂♂, syntypes (one dirty, missing right mid-leg, the other dirty, missing right fore- and mid-legs) (MZUF: Box 15): Viviana [sic !] Rnd. / nubilis Rnd., ♂ / 765; 2 ♀♀, syntypes (one missing fore- and right mid-legs) (MZUF: Box 15): Viviana [sic !] Rnd. / nubilis Rnd., ♀ / 765; 1 ♂, syntype (missing left mid- and hind-legs) (MZUF: Box D): Viviana [sic !] R. nubilis Rnd., 295, ♂, Parma / 393 295; 1 ♂, syntype (MSNC: Box DIPTERA Ex collezione Rondani - I): Viviania R. nubilis R. 115 ♂ ♀ Parma / Coll. Rondani, scatola n° 2, posiz. B-8 / Museo di Storia Naturale Università di Pisa, Calci (PI) ex collezione Rondani; 1 ♀, syntype (missing left mid- and hind legs) (MSNC: Box DIPTERA Ex collezione Rondani - I): Viviania nubilis R. ♀ Parm. / Coll. Rondani, scatola n° 2, posiz. B-9 / Museo di Storia Naturale Università di Pisa, Calci (PI) ex collezione Rondani.
 CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Conogaster pruinosa (Meigen, 1824) (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 147, O’Hara et al. 2020: 214).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1861e: 54) described both sexes of Viviania nubilis without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of lengths. We found seven syntypes in this study.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 362, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
IMPACT OF PORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND LOGISTICS EFFICIENCY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: THE NIGERIAN PORT AUTHORITY EXPERIENCE 2006 – 2022
Creators: name: Ndalu, ThankGod Chukuemeka, Ph.D
name: Okene, Anthony Jovwo, ACA.
Publisher: name: SADI journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Port Infrastructure
Logistics Efficiency
Gross Registered Tonnage
Vessel Traffic

description: Ports play crucial roles in facilitating international trade by serving as key gateways for imports and exports. Understanding how the quality of port infrastructure and logistics efficiency influences economic growth was the aim this study. Therefore this study, investigates the impact of port infrastructure and logistics efficiency on economic growth in Nigeria: The Nigerian Port Authority Experience from 2006 to 2022. The study is based on the quantitative method of secondary data collection. An ex - post-facto research design was adopted to achieve the objectives of the study. The study draws its data from the annual reports of the Nigerian Port Authority and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin with a focus on information in the post-concession era from 2006 to 2022 for a period of 16 years. The ARDL Bound Test approach was adopted to estimate the relationship between the variables. The study findings show that both quality of port infrastructure (QPI) and logistics efficiency (CTR) have insignificant relationships with economic growth in both the short-run and long-run. Specifically, the test of Hypothesis One showed that the quality of port infrastructure exhibited an insignificant negative relationship with economic growth, as indicated by the β coefficients of -2996.500 (short-run) and -110071.1 (long-run) with p-values of 0.4602 and 0.7904, respectively. Similarly, the test of Hypothesis Two showed that logistic efficiency, measured by cargo throughput (CTR), demonstrated an insignificant positive relationship with economic growth. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government should increase investment in port infrastructure, including the development and maintenance of berths, quays, storage facilities, and cargo-handling equipment to stimulate economic growth. Finally, advanced technologies should be adopted in port operations, including automated cargo-handling processes, real-time tracking systems, and data analytics. Technological advancements can significantly improve efficiency, reduce processing times, and enhance overall logistic operations
Optical Spectrum of Main-, Inter- and Off-pulse Emission from Crab Pulsar
Creators: name: Carraminana, Alberto
name: Cadez, Andrej
name: Zwitter, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dedicated stroboscopic device was used to obtain optical spectra of the Crab main-pulse and inter-pulse as well as the spectrum of the underlying nebula when the pulsar is turned off. As the nebular emission is very inhomogeneous, our ability to effectively subtract the nebular background signal is crucial. No spectral lines intrinsic to the pulsar are detected. The main-pulse and the inter-pulse behave as power laws, both with the same de-reddened index Alpha = +0.2 +- 0.1. This value was obtained by subtracting the nebular spectrum at the exact position of the pulsar. The underlying nebula is redder, Alpha = -0.4 +- 0.1. Its emission lines are split into approaching (sim. -1200 km/s) and receding (sim. +600 km/s) components. The strength of emission line components and the flux in nebular continuum vary on arcsec scale. The nebular line and continuum intensities along the N-S slit are given.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 10 pages, 3 Tables, 4 Figures
Stochastic blockmodels with growing number of classes
Creators: name: Choi, David
name: Wolfe, Patrick J.
name: Airoldi, Edoardo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: We present asymptotic and finite-sample results on the use of stochastic blockmodels for the analysis of network data. We show that the fraction of misclassified network nodes converges in probability to zero under maximum likelihood fitting when the number of classes is allowed to grow as the root of the network size and the average network degree grows at least poly-logarithmically in this size. We also establish finite-sample confidence bounds on maximum-likelihood blockmodel parameter estimates from data comprising independent Bernoulli random variates; these results hold uniformly over class assignment. We provide simulations verifying the conditions sufficient for our results, and conclude by fitting a logit parameterization of a stochastic blockmodel with covariates to a network data example comprising self-reported school friendships, resulting in block estimates that reveal residual structure.
Interpretation of Quantum Field Theories with a Minimal Length Scale
Creators: name: Hossenfelder, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that the incorporation of an observer independent minimal length scale into the quantum field theories of the standard model effectively describes phenomenological aspects of quantum gravity. The aim of this paper is to interpret this description and its implications for scattering processes.
description: replaced with published version
Shape optimization for 3D electrical impedance tomography
Creators: name: Eppler, Karsten
name: Harbrecht, Helmut
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Electrical impedance tomography
subject: Newton method
subject: regularization
subject: shape calculus
subject: boundary integral equations
subject: wavelets
subject: 49Q10
subject: 49M37
subject: 65N38
subject: 49K20

description: In the present paper we consider the identification of an obstacle or void of different conductivity included in a three-dimensional domain by measurements of voltage and currents at the boundary. We reformulate the given identification problem as a shape optimization problem. Since the Hessian is compact at the given hole we apply a regularized Newton scheme as developed by the authors (WIAS-Preprint No. 943). All information of the state equation required for the optimization algorithm can be derived by boundary integral equations which we solve numerically by a fast wavelet Galerkin scheme. Numerical results confirm that the proposed regularized Newton scheme yields a powerful algorithm to solve the considered class of problems.
Additional file 2 of RNA-seq analysis of extracellular vesicles from hyperphosphatemia-stimulated endothelial cells provides insight into the mechanism underlying vascular calcification
Creators: name: Peng, Zhong
name: Duan, Yingjie
name: Zhong, Shuzhu
name: Chen, Juan
name: Li, Jianlong
name: He, Zhangxiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. The primer used in QPCR. Table S2. Down-regulated and up-regulated miRNAs. Table S3. KEGG pathways of total differentially expressed miRNAs between HP-EMPs and PBS-EMPs groups.
Efficient treatments of stationary free boundary problems
Creators: name: Eppler, Karsten
name: Harbrecht, Helmut
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: free boundary problem
subject: shape calculus
subject: Newton method
subject: boundary integral equations
subject: multiscale methods
subject: sufficient second order conditions
subject: 49Q10
subject: 49M15
subject: 65N38
subject: 49K20

description: In the present paper we consider the efficient treatment of free boundary problems by shape optimization. We reformulate the free boundary problem as shape optimization problem. A second order shape calculus enables us to realize a Newton scheme to solve this problem. In particular, all evaluations of the underlying state function are required only on the boundary of the domain. We compute these data by boundary integral equations which are numerically solved by a fast wavelet Galerkin scheme. Numerical results prove that we succeeded in finding a fast and robust algorithm for solving the considered class of problems. Furthermore, the stability of the solutions is investigated by treating the second order sufficient optimality conditions of the underlying shape problem.
Self-propulsion against a moving membrane: enhanced accumulation and drag force
Creators: name: Marconi, U. Marini Bettolo
name: Sarracino, A.
name: Maggi, C.
name: Puglisi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-propulsion (SP) is a main feature of active particles (AP), such as bacteria or biological micromotors, distinguishing them from passive colloids. A renowned consequence of SP is accumulation at static interfaces, even in the absence of hydrodynamic interactions. Here we address the role of SP in the interaction between AP and a moving semipermeable membrane. In particular, we implement a model of noninteracting AP in a channel crossed by a partially penetrable wall, moving at a constant velocity $c$. With respect to both the cases of passive colloids with $c>0$ and AP with $c=0$, the AP with finite $c$ show enhancement of accumulation in front of the obstacle and experience a largely increased drag force. This effect is understood in terms of an effective potential localised at the interface between particles and membrane, of height proportional to $cτ/ξ$, where $τ$ is the AP's re-orientation time and $ξ$ the width characterising the surface's smoothness ($ξ\to 0$ for hard core obstacles). An approximate analytical scheme is able to reproduce the observed density profiles and the measured drag force, in very good agreement with numerical simulations. The effects discussed here can be exploited for automatic selection and filtering of AP with desired parameters.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Analysis of nonlocal neural fields for both general and gamma-distributed connectivities
Creators: name: Hutt, Axel
name: Atay, Fatihcan M.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nonlocal neural activity
subject: space-dependent delay
subject: stability analysis
subject: 45J05
subject: 92C2
subject: 02.50.Sk
subject: 05.45.Xt
subject: 05.10.-a

description: This work studies the stability of spatially extended neuronal ensembles. We first derive the model equation from statistical properties of the neuron population. The obtained integro-differential equation considers synaptic and space-dependent transmission delay for both general and gamma-distributed synaptic connectivities. The latter connectivity type reveals infinite, finite and vanishing self-connectivities. The work derives conditions for stationary and nonstationary instabilities for both kernel types. In addition, a nonlinear analysis for general kernels yields the order parameter equation of the Turing instability. To compare the results to findings for partial differential equations (PDEs), two typical PDE-types are derived from the examined model equation. In case of the gamma-distributed kernels, the stability conditions are formulated in terms of the mean excitatory and inhibitory interaction ranges. As a novel finding, we obtain Turing instabilities in fields with local inhibition-lateral excitation, while wave instabilities occur in fields with local excitation and lateral inhibition. Numerical simulations support the analytical results.
Partially suppressed long-range order in the Bose-Einstein condensation of polaritons
Creators: name: Sarchi, Davide
name: Savona, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adopt a kinetic theory of polariton non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation, to describe the formation of off-diagonal long-range order. The theory accounts properly for the dominant role of quantum fluctuations in the condensate. In realistic situations with optical excitation at high energy, it predicts a significant depletion of the condensate caused by long-wavelength fluctuations. As a consequence, the one-body density matrix in space displays a partially suppressed long-range order and a pronounced dependence on the finite size of the system.
Alpha-stable branching and beta-coalescents
Creators: name: Birkner, Matthias
name: Blath, Jochen
name: Capaldo, Marcella
name: Etheridge, Alison
name: Möhle, Martin
name: Schweinsberg, Jason
name: Wakolbinger, Anton
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Alpha-stable branching
subject: coalescent
subject: genealogy
subject: lookdown construction
subject: 60J80
subject: 60J70
subject: 60J25
subject: 60G09
subject: 60G52
subject: 92D25

description: We determine that the continuous-state branching processes for which the genealogy, suitably time-changed, can be described by an autonomous Markov process are precisely those arising from $alpha$-stable branching mechanisms. The random ancestral partition is then a time-changed $Lambda$-coalescent, where $Lambda$ is the Beta-distribution with parameters $2-alpha$ and $alpha$, and the time change is given by $Z^1-alpha$, where $Z$ is the total population size. For $alpha = 2$ (Feller's branching diffusion) and $Lambda = delta_0$ (Kingman's coalescent), this is in the spirit of (a non-spatial version of) Perkins' Disintegration Theorem. For $alpha =1$ and $Lambda$ the uniform distribution on $[0,1]$, this is the duality discovered by Bertoin & Le Gall (2000) between the norming of Neveu's continuous state branching process and the Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent. We present two approaches: one, exploiting the `modified lookdown construction', draws heavily on Donnelly & Kurtz (1999)
Additional file 1 of RNA-seq analysis of extracellular vesicles from hyperphosphatemia-stimulated endothelial cells provides insight into the mechanism underlying vascular calcification
Creators: name: Peng, Zhong
name: Duan, Yingjie
name: Zhong, Shuzhu
name: Chen, Juan
name: Li, Jianlong
name: He, Zhangxiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.