Tomarus bituberculatus
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dynastidae
Tomarus
Tomarus bituberculatus

description: Tomarus bituberculatus (Palisot de Beauvois, 1811)
Scarabaeus bituberculatus Palisot de Beauvois 1811: 103 (Haiti)
= Ligyrus latifovea H. W. Bates 1888: 315 (Guyana, “Amazon Basin,” Mexico)
= Ligyrus maximus Arrow 1913a: 466 (Brazil)
Distribution. Guyana: H. W. Bates 1888: 315 (as Ligyrus latifovea). French Guiana: Duranton 2011: 20 (as Ligyrus bituberculatus) (?). “Guianas”: Blackwelder 1944: 254 (as Ligyrus latifovea). Brazil (NA): Arrow 1913a: 466 (as Ligyrus maximus); Blackwelder 1944: 254 (as Ligyrus latifovea; as Ligyrus maximus); Endrödi 1969a: 74 (as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus maximus) (NA), 1985a: 263 (as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus maximus); López-García et al. 2015: 477, 2016: 501. Venezuela (EO): Endrödi 1969a: 74 (Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus bituberculatus), 1985a: 263 (Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus bituberculatus); Escalona and Joly 2006: 126 (Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus bituberculatus) (EO); López-García et al. 2015: 477, 2016: 501. “Amazon Basin”: H. W. Bates 1888: 315 (as Ligyrus latifovea); Arrow 1937b: 38 (as Ligyrus maximus). Other: Palisot de Beauvois 1811: 103 (Haiti - as Scarabaeus bituberculatus); H. W. Bates 1888: 315 (Mexico - as Ligyrus latifovea); Arrow 1937b: 37, 38 (Haiti - as Ligyrus bituberculatus; Mexico - as Ligyrus latifovea); Blackwelder 1944: 254 (Dominican Republic - as Ligyrus bituberculatus; Mexico - as Ligyrus latifovea); Endrödi 1969a: 74 (Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago - as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus bituberculatus; Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru - as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus maximus), 1985a: 263 (Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago - as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus bituberculatus; Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru - as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus maximus); Escalona and Joly 2006: 126 (Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago - as Ligyrus (Tomarus) bituberculatus bituberculatus); Ponchel 2011 (not mentioned); López-García et al. 2015: 477 (Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago), 2016: 501 (Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago); Dupuis 2016b (not mentioned).
Note 1. Palisot de Beauvois (1811: 103) describes Tomarus bituberculatus (as Scarabaeus bituberculatus) from “ Saint-Domingue.” There are several definitions of the topographical name “Saint Domingue,” but on the title page of this publication there is a reference to an affiliation of Palisot de Beauvois as “Membre de la Société des Sciences et Arts du Cap-Français, de Saint-Domingue ” (Member of the Society of the Sciences and Arts of Cap-Français, of Saint-Domingue). Cap-Français is an old name for Cap-Haïtien (Arbell 2001: 305), which is a city in northern Haiti. As such, it may be assumed that in this publication, “ Saint-Domingue ” refers to the previous colony with that name, which is roughly equal to present-day Haiti. We interpret it as such. The reference to Saint-Domingue is copied by Arrow (1937b: 37) (as St. Domingo) and Blackwelder (1944: 254) (as R. Dominicana, although the Dominican Republic forms the other part of the island of Hispaniola). According to Ratcliffe and Cave (2015: 291) these records are incorrect, as T. bituberculatus is a Central and South American species which does not occur in the West Indies. It may thus be assumed that Palisot de Beauvois’ specimen was mislabeled.
Note 2. The only record of Tomarus bituberculatus for Guyana that we are aware of is that of H. W. Bates (1888: 315) (as Ligyrus latifovea for Demerara), which is copied in Blackwelder (1944: 254) (as Guiana). We have found no records for Suriname. Duranton (2011: 20) mentions a single specimen from French Guiana, but states that its presence there needs confrmation. There are, however, also records from Brazil north of the Amazon in Endrödi (1969a: 74) and from Venezuela east of the Orinoco in Escalona and Joly (2006: 126). The records from French Guiana and Guyana may thus well be correct, but for now the presence of this species in the Guianas remains to be confirmed.
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on pages 210-211, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492