cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmic coincidences and relic neutrinos
Creators: name: Horvat, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple phenomenological description for the energy transfer between a variable cosmological constant (CC) and a gas of relic neutrinos in an expanding universe can account for a near coincidence between the neutrino and dark-energy densities to hold over a significant portion of the history of the universe. Although such a cosmological setup may promote neutrinos to mass-varying particles, both with slow and quick neutrino mass changing with the expansion of the universe naturally implemented in the model, it also works equally well for static neutrino masses. We also stress what sort of models for variable CC can potentially underpin the above scenario.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX, based on the on the talk at IRGAC-2006 (Barcelona, July 11-15, 2006), accepted for publication in Journal of Physics A
Replication Archive for "Understanding the Quality of Alternative Citizenship Data Sources for the 2020 Census"
Creators: name: Brown, J. David
name: Heggeness, Misty L.
name: Dorinski, Suzanne M.
name: Warren, Lawrence
name: Yi, Moises
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: immigration
sensitive questions
data quality

description: This archive contains the code and supplemental materials to recreate the analysis conducted by the authors of the Center for Economic Studies (CES) Working Paper 18-38r published online in 2018 (https://ideas.repec.org/p/cen/wpaper/18-38r.html).
Nonuniform Rashba-Dresselhaus spin precession along arbitrary paths
Creators: name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Chang, Ching-Ray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spin precession in nonuniform Rashba-Dresselhaus two-dimensional electron systems along arbitrary continuous paths is investigated. We derive an analytical formula to describe the spin vectors (expectation values of the injected spin) in such conditions using a contour-integral method. The obtained formalism is capable of dealing with the nonuniformity of the Rashba spin-orbit field due to the inherent random distribution of the ionized dopants, and can be applied to curved one-dimensional quantum wires. Interesting examples are given, and the modification to the spin precession pattern in a Rashba-Dresselhaus channel when taking the random Rashba field into account is shown.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; derivations elaborated; to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Thermal experiments for fractured rock characterization: theoretical analysis and inverse modeling
Creators: name: Zhou, Zitong
name: Roubinet, Delphine
name: Tartakovsky, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field-scale properties of fractured rocks play crucial role in many subsurface applications, yet methodologies for identification of the statistical parameters of a discrete fracture network (DFN) are scarce. We present an inversion technique to infer two such parameters, fracture density and fractal dimension, from cross-borehole thermal experiments data. It is based on a particle-based heat-transfer model, whose evaluation is accelerated with a deep neural network (DNN) surrogate that is integrated into a grid search. The DNN is trained on a small number of heat-transfer model runs, and predicts the cumulative density function of the thermal field. The latter is used to compute fine posterior distributions of the (to-be-estimated) parameters. Our synthetic experiments reveal that fracture density is well constrained by data, while fractal dimension is harder to determine. Adding non-uniform prior information related to the DFN connectivity improves the inference of this parameter.
How to discriminate easily between Directed-percolation and Manna scaling
Creators: name: Bonachela, Juan A.
name: Munoz, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we compare critical properties of systems in the directed-percolation (DP) universality class with those of absorbing-state phase transitions occurring in the presence of a non-diffusive conserved field, i.e. transitions in the so-called Manna or C-DP class. Even if it is clearly established that these constitute two different universality classes, most of their universal features (exponents, moment ratios, scaling functions,...) are very similar, making it difficult to discriminate numerically between them. Nevertheless, as illustrated here, the two classes behave in a rather different way upon introducing a physical boundary or wall. Taking advantage of this, we propose a simple and fast method to discriminate between these two universality classes. This is particularly helpful in solving some existing discrepancies in self-organized critical systems as sandpiles.
description: 7 Pages, 4 Figures
Chabertiidae Popova 1955
Creators: name: Purwaningsih, Endang
name: Dewi, Kartika
name: Smales, Lesley R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Chabertiidae

description: Family: Chabertiidae Popova, 1955  Tribe: Coronostrongylinea Beveridge, 1986
description: Published as part of Purwaningsih, Endang, Dewi, Kartika & Smales, Lesley R., 2019, Description of New Species of Coronostrongylus and Dorcopsistrongylus (Strongylida: Chabertiidae) from Dorcopsis muelleri (Macropodidae) from Kumawa Mountains, West Papua, Indonesia, pp. 433-441 in Zootaxa 4565 (3) on page 434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/2590246
Analog Programing of Conducting-Polymer Dendritic Interconnections and Control of their Morphology
Creators: name: Janzakova, Kamila
name: Kumar, Ankush
name: Ghazal, Mahdi
name: Susloparova, Anna
name: Coffinier, Yannick
name: Alibart, Fabien
name: Pecqueur, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although materials and processes are different from biological cells', brain mimicries led to tremendous achievements in massively parallel information processing via neuromorphic engineering. Inexistent in electronics, we describe how to emulate dendritic morphogenesis by electropolymerization in water, aiming in operando material modification for hardware learning. The systematic study of applied voltage-pulse parameters details on tuning independently morphological aspects of micrometric dendrites': as fractal number, branching degree, asymmetry, density or length. Time-lapse image processing of their growth shows the spatial features to be dynamically-dependent and expand distinctively before and after forming a conductive bridging of two electrochemically grown dendrites. Circuit-element analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirms their morphological control to occur in temporal windows where the growth kinetics can be finely perturbed by the input signal frequency and duty cycle. By the emulation of one of the most preponderant mechanisms responsible for brain's long-term memory, its implementation in the vicinity of sensing arrays, neural probes or biochips shall greatly optimize computational costs and recognition performances required to classify high-dimensional patterns from complex aqueous environments.
Discovery of a strong spiral magnetic field crossing the inner pseudoring of NGC 4736
Creators: name: Chyzy, Krzysztof T.
name: Buta, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a coherent magnetic spiral structure within the nearby ringed Sab galaxy NGC 4736. High sensitivity radio polarimetric data obtained with the VLA at 8.46GHz and 4.86GHz show a distinct ring of total radio emission precisely corresponding to the bright inner pseudoring visible in other wavelengths. However, unlike the total radio emission, the polarized radio emission reveals a clear pattern of ordered magnetic field of spiral shape, emerging from the galactic centre. The magnetic vectors do not follow the tightly-wrapped spiral arms that characterize the inner pseudoring, but instead cross the ring with a constant and large pitch angle of about 35deg. The ordered field is thus not local adjusted to the pattern of star-formation activity, unlike what is usually observed in grand-design spirals. The observed asymmetric distribution of Faraday rotation suggests the possible action of a large-scale MHD dynamo. The strong magnetic total and regular field within the ring (up to 30microG and 13microG, respectively) indicates that a highly efficient process of magnetic field amplification is under way, probably related to secular evolutionary processes in the galaxy.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, 5 pages, 5 color figures
D1.2.1 Project Management Plan
Creators: name: Rovira, Antonio
name: Barbero, Rubén
name: Enriquez, Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ASTEP
SHIP

description: This document reports on the first version of the work plan and the schedule of the ASTEP project. The Gantt chart, the Pert chart and the Work Breakdown Structure of the project are defined, including the schedule of Tasks and Subtasks, their responsible partner and person, the related deliverables and their dependencies.
Adaptive molecular resolution via a continuous change of the phase space dimensionality
Creators: name: Praprotnik, Matej
name: Kremer, Kurt
name: Site, Luigi Delle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the study of complex synthetic and biological molecular systems by computer simulations one is still restricted to simple model systems or to by far too small time scales. To overcome this problem multiscale techniques are being developed for many applications. However in almost all cases, the regions of different resolution are fixed and not in a true equilibrium with each other. We here give the theoretical framework for an efficient and flexible coupling of the different regimes. The approach leads to an analog of a geometry induced phase transition and a counterpart of the equipartition theorem for fractional degrees of freedom. This provides a rather general formal basis for advanced computer simulation methods applying different levels of resolution.
Comment on "Inverse Square Lévy Walks are not Optimal Search Strategies for d $\geq$ 2" [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 080601 (2020)]
Creators: name: Buldyrev, S. V.
name: Raposo, E. P.
name: Bartumeus, F.
name: Havlin, S.
name: Rusch, F. R.
name: da Luz, M. G. E.
name: Viswanathan, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely accepted that inverse square Lévy walks are optimal search strategies because they maximize the encounter rate with sparse, randomly distributed, replenishable targets when the search restarts in the vicinity of the previously visited target, which becomes revisitable again with high probability, i.e., non-destructive foraging [Nature 401, 911 (1999)]. The precise conditions for the validity of this Lévy flight foraging hypothesis (LFH) have been widely described in the literature [Phys. Life Rev. 14, 94 (2015)]. Nevertheless, three objecting claims to the LFH have been raised recently for $d \geq 2$: (i) the capture rate $η$ has linear dependence on the target density $ρ$ for all values of the Lévy index $α$; (ii) "the gain $η_{max}/η$ achieved by varying $α$ is bounded even in the limit $ρ\to 0 $" so that "tuning $α$ can only yield a marginal gain"; (iii) depending on the values of the radius of detection $a$, the restarting distance $l_c$ and the scale parameter $s$, the optimum is realized for a range of $α$ [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 080601 (2020)]. Here we answer each of these three criticisms in detail and show that claims (i)-(iii) do not actually invalidate the LFH. Our results and analyses restore the original result of the LFH for non-destructive foraging.
Enriching the compositional tailoring of NLO responsive dyes with diversity oriented electron acceptors as visible light harvesters: a DFT/TD-DFT approach
Creators: name: Hassan, Abrar U.
name: Sumrra, Sajjad H.
name: Zafar, Wardha
name: Imran, Muhammad
name: Noreen, Sadaf
name: Irfan, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: The end-capped modelling of non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) units have been performed onto the structure of a dithiophene-based 6,6′-di(thiophen-2-yl)-4,4′-bipyrimidine (DTB) moiety to design nine new dyes (DTIT1–DTIT9). All the calculations were performed by density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) based calculations. Their molecular geometries were optimised to their ground state energies at CAM-B3LYP functional of DFT with 6–31+G(d,p). The maximum absorbance (λmax) of DTB was noted at 431 nm and all the new dyes DTIT1–DTIT9 displayed λmax frequencies around 432–498 nm. The natural transition orbital (NTO) analysis has been performed for each dye molecule only for the excited state with the highest oscillator strength (f). The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was used to determine the stability of dyes with their greatest hyper conjugation related interactions. All the dyes DTIT1–DTIT9 had smaller HOMO–LUMO energy gaps (Egaps) than DTB ranging between 0.38 and 5.79 eV, resulting in a significant nonlinear optical (NLO) response. The dye DTIT7 had the highest NLO response of all the compounds studied, owing to the inclusion of four cyanide (CN) groups. NLO activation was higher in the designed substances than in DTB. The dyes DTIT1–DTIT9 may be potential contenders for NLO applications.
The effects of anxious arousal on fear, fear reduction, and the return of fear
Creators: name: Flessati, Eugene William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the applicability of several habituation models to fear processes with special reference to the effects of anxious arousal on fear, fear reduction, and the return of fear. The effects of anxious arousal on self-efficacy expectations were also explored. Seventy-six female undergraduate students who reported a fear of snakes and met a minimum criterion of fear on a Behavioral Approach Test participated in the study. Subjects viewed a videotaped fear reduction program under either control or anxious arousal conditions. Fear and self-efficacy expectations were assessed repeatedly during the first session. During a follow-up session one month later, subjects were re-exposed to the feared stimulus under either control or anxious arousal conditions. Although anxious arousal did not affect fear levels within-session, experiencing anxious arousal during fear reduction impeded reduction of subjective fear and, paradoxically, resulted in less heart rate response upon exposure to the feared stimulus following fear reduction. Return of subjective fear was experienced by all of the subjects except those who experienced fear reduction while in an anxious state and follow-up assessment in a calm state. These subjects experienced a substantial decrement in self-reported fear at follow-up. There was a failure to find a relationship between anxious arousal and self-efficacy. The results were interpreted in terms of several habituation models. It was concluded that the results are better understood in terms of emotional processing models of fear. Novel findings include evidence that: anxious arousal during fear modification impedes the return of fear, and that assessment in a calm state, following fear reduction while in an anxious state, blocks the return of fear. These findings are theoretically and clinically important. The implications of the results to self-efficacy theory were discussed. The clinical implications of the findings were also explored with special reference to relapse.
Material de apoio. Xuntanzas do Proxecto Fitofaladoiro, Laboratorio de Botánica, Fac. Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 11/09/2013-06/11/2015
Creators: name: SanLeón, D.G.
name: Amigo, J.
name: Álvarez, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Material de apoio. Xuntanzas do Proxecto Fitofaladoiro, Laboratorio de Botánica, Fac. Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 11/09/2013 06/11/2015
Finite states in four dimensional quantum gravity. The isotropic minisuperspace Asktekar--Klein--Gordon model
Creators: name: Ita, Eyo Eyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we construct the generalized Kodama state for the case of a Klein--Gordon scalar field coupled to Ashtekar variables in isotropic minisuperspace by a new method. The criterion for finiteness of the state stems from a minisuperspace reduction of the quantized full theory, rather than the conventional techniques of reduction prior to quantization. We then provide a possible route to the reproduction of a semiclassical limit via these states. This is the result of a new principle of the semiclassical-quantum correspondence (SQC), introduced in the first paper in this series. Lastly, we examine the solution to the minisuperspace case at the semiclassical level for an isotropic CDJ matrix neglecting any quantum corrections and examine some of the implications in relation to results from previous authors on semiclassical orbits of spacetime, including inflation. It is suggested that the application of nonperturbative quantum gravity, by way of the SQC, might potentially lead to some predictions testable below the Planck scale.
description: 26 pages. Accepted for publication by Class. Quantum Grav. journal
title: The Heinrich Barth Straße Synagogue and the Transnational Links between Stockholm and Hamburg
Creators: name: Hultman, Maja
Publisher: name: Institute for the History of the German Jews
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Religion and Identity

description: This article, written by an anonymous journalist for the Swedish daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter (Daily News), was published on the 20th commemoration of the November Pogroms on November 10, 1958. It is now located in the digital archive of Kungliga Biblioteket (The National Library of Sweden). Under the headline “Synagoga på Biblioteksgatan räddad från ‘Kristallnatten’” (“Synagogue on Library Street saved from ‘the Kristalnacht’”), the article explains the journey of the former Heinrich Barth Straße synagogue in Hamburg to Stockholm in 1939, and its consecutive transformation into the orthodox synagogue Adat Jeshurun. The article describes not only the transnational movement of the furniture of a sacred place, but also explains the synagogue’s role in Stockholm as a space for surviving Shoah victims, forcefully removed from their homes and for shorter or longer periods living in the Swedish capital. Adat Jeshurun, still existent today, is therefore not only a story about the odyssey of a sacred place from Hamburg to Stockholm, but also portrays the relocation of Shoah survivors in the post-Second World War world, and the consequential reestablishment of the religious rituals they had learnt in their former hometowns.
Chabertiidae Popova 1955
Creators: name: Purwaningsih, Endang
name: Dewi, Kartika
name: Smales, Lesley R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Chabertiidae

description: Family: Chabertiidae Popova, 1955  Tribe: Pharyngostrongylinea Popova, 1952
description: Published as part of Purwaningsih, Endang, Dewi, Kartika & Smales, Lesley R., 2019, Description of New Species of Coronostrongylus and Dorcopsistrongylus (Strongylida: Chabertiidae) from Dorcopsis muelleri (Macropodidae) from Kumawa Mountains, West Papua, Indonesia, pp. 433-441 in Zootaxa 4565 (3) on page 437, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/2590246
Stability in the Cuntz semigroup of a commutative C*-algebra
Creators: name: Toms, Andrew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L35

description: We prove stability theorems in the Cuntz semigroup of a commutative C*-algebra which are analogues of classical stability theorems for topological vector bundles over compact Hausdorff spaces. Several applications to simple unital AH algebras of slow dimension growth are then given: such algebras have strict comparison of positive elements; their Cuntz semigroups are recovered functorially from the Elliott invariant; the lower-semicontinuous dimension functions are dense in the space of all dimension functions, and the latter is a Choquet simplex.
description: 26 pages, minor revisions, to appear in Proc. LMS
Standardization of metabolic reaction databases and use in fluxomics
Creators: name: Slenter, Denise
name: Willighagen, Egon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: fluxomics
bridgedb
metabolic databases
metabolic reactions
reaction databases

description: These are the lecture slides of drs. Denise Slenter in the Session/Class: Standardization of Metabolic reaction databases and use in fluxomics, taught on the second day of the 1st ELIXIR Fluxomics Training School 2021 (October 5, 2021).
Antikaon-induced $K_1(1270)^+$ meson production on nuclei near threshold
Creators: name: Paryev, E. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inclusive strange axial-vector meson $K_1(1270)^+$ production in ${K^-}A$ reactions at near-threshold laboratory incident antikaon momenta within a nuclear spectral function approach, which describes incoherent direct $K_1(1270)^+$ meson production in $K^-$ meson--proton ${K^-}p \to {K_1(1270)^+}Ξ^-$ production processes and accounts for three different options for its in-medium mass shift (or for its effective scalar potential) at central density $ρ_0$. We calculate the absolute differential and total cross sections for the production of $K_1(1270)^+$ mesons on $^{12}$C and $^{184}$W target nuclei at laboratory angles of 0$^{\circ}$--45$^{\circ}$ by $K^-$ mesons with momenta of 2.5, 2.8 and 3.5 GeV/c, which are close to the threshold momentum ($\approx$ 2.95 GeV/c) for $K_1(1270)^+$ meson production off the free target proton at rest. The intrinsic properties of carbon and tungsten target nuclei have been described in terms of their spectral functions, which take into account the momenta of target protons and the energies of their separation from the considered nuclei. We show that the differential and total (absolute and relative) $K_1(1270)^+$ antikaon-induced production cross sections at initial momenta not far from threshold -- at momenta $\sim$ 2.8--3.5 GeV/c, at which there is yet no strong drop in their strength, reveal a distinct sensitivity to changes in the in-medium shift of the $K_1(1270)^+$ mass, studied in the paper, both in the $K_1(1270)^+$ meson low-momentum (0.1--1.0 GeV/c) and in its full-momentum ranges. This would permit evaluating this shift. Experimental data necessary for this aim can be obtained in a dedicated experiment at the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility.
description: 20 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2007.10192
UV and FIR selected star-forming galaxies at z=0: differences and overlaps
Creators: name: Xu, C. Kevin
name: Buat, Veronique
name: Iglesias-Páramo, Jorge
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
name: Barlow, Tom A.
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Donas, Jose
name: Forster, Karl
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Jelinsky, Patrick N.
name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Malina, Roger F.
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Milliard, Bruno
name: Morrissey, Patrick
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Siegmund, Oswald H. W.
name: Small, Todd
name: Szalay, Alex S.
name: Welsh, Barry Y.
name: Wyder, Ted K.
name: Yi, Sukyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two samples of local galaxies, one is UV (GALEX) selected and the other FIR (IRAS) selected, to address the question whether UV and FIR surveys see the two sides ('bright' and 'dark') of the star formation of the same population of galaxies or two different populations of star forming galaxies. No significant difference between the L$_{tot}$ ($=L_{60}+L_{FUV}$) luminosity functions of the UV and FIR samples is found. Also, after the correction for the `Malmquist bias' (bias for flux limited samples), the FIR-to-UV ratio v.s. L$_{tot}$ relations of the two samples are consistent with each other. In the range of $9 \la \log(L_{tot}/L_\sun) \la 12$, both can be approximated by a simple linear relation of $\log (L_{60}/L_{FUV})=\log(L_{tot}/L_\sun)-9.66$. These are consistent with the hypothesis that the two samples represent the same population of star forming galaxies, and their well documented differences in L$_{tot}$ and in FIR-to-UV ratio are due only to the selection effect. A comparison between the UV luminosity functions shows marginal evidence for a population of faint UV galaxies missing in the FIR selected sample. The contribution from these 'FIR-quiet' galaxies to the overall UV population is insignificant, given that the K-band luminosity functions (i.e. the stellar mass functions) of the two samples do not show any significant difference.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Critical-Point Structure in Finite Nuclei
Creators: name: Leviatan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of quantum shape-phase transitions in finite nuclei are considered in the framework of the interacting boson model. Special emphasis is paid to the dynamics at the critical-point of a general first-order phase transition.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Proc. Int. Conf. on ``Frontiers in Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions: FINUSTAR'', Sep. 12-17, 2005, Kos, Greece
Gravitational instability of static spherically symmetric Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes in five and six dimensions
Creators: name: Beroiz, Martin
name: Dotti, Gustavo
name: Gleiser, Reinaldo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Five and six dimensional static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically Euclidean black holes, are unstable under gravitational perturbations if their mass is lower than a critical value set by the string tension. The instability is due to the Gauss-Bonnet correction to Einstein's equations, and was found in a previous work on linear stability of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes with constant curvature horizons in arbitrary dimensions. We study the unstable cases and calculate the values of the critical masses. The results are relevant to the issue of black hole production in high energy collisions.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Tuning of heteronuclear interactions in a quantum-degenerate Fermi-Bose mixture
Creators: name: Ospelkaus, S.
name: Ospelkaus, C.
name: Humbert, L.
name: Sengstock, K.
name: Bongs, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate tuning of interactions between fermionic 40K and bosonic 87Rb atoms by Feshbach resonances and access the complete phase diagram of the harmonically trapped mixture from phase separation to collapse. On the attractive side of the resonance, we observe a strongly enhanced mean-field energy of the condensate due to the mutual mean-field confinement, predicted by a Thomas-Fermi model. As we increase heteronuclear interactions beyond a threshold, we observe an induced collapse of the mixture. On the repulsive side of the resonance, we observe vertical phase separation of the mixture in the presence of the gravitational force, thus entering a completely unexplored part of the phase diagram of the mixture. In addition, we identify the 515 G resonance as p-wave by its characteristic doublet structure.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Penetration of an external magnetic field into a multistrip superconductor/soft-magnet heterostructure
Creators: name: Yampolskii, S. V.
name: Genenko, Yu. A.
name: Rauh, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetization of a planar heterostructure of periodically alternating type-II superconductor and soft-magnet strips exposed to a transverse external magnetic field is studied. An integral equation governing the sheet current distribution in the Meissner state of the superconductor constituents is derived. The field of complete penetration of magnetic flux in the critical state of the superconductor constituents is calculated for different widths of the superconductor and the soft-magnet constituents and a range of values of the relative permeability of the soft-magnet constituents.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure; accepted in Physica C for the special issue of Proceedings of the 8th Int. Conference on Materials and Mechanisms of Superconductivity and High Temperature Superconductors (M2S-HTSC), Dresden, Germany, July 9-14, 2006
Nonsequential Double Recombination in Intense Laser Fields
Creators: name: Koval, P.
name: Wilken, F.
name: Bauer, D.
name: Keitel, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A second plateau in the harmonic spectra of laser-driven two-electron atoms is observed both in the numerical solution of a low-dimensional model helium atom and using an extended strong field approximation. It is shown that the harmonics well beyond the usual cut-off are due to the simultaneous recombination of the two electrons, which were emitted during different, previous half-cycles. The new cut-off is explained in terms of classical trajectories. Classical predictions and the time-frequency analysis of the ab initio quantum results are in excellent agreement. The mechanism corresponds to the inverse single photon double ionization process in the presence of a (low frequency) laser field.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, v2 with an extended strong field approximation treatment of the process; instead, v1 describes an attosecond control scheme to enhance the process
Transforming structures by set interpretations
Creators: name: Colcombet, Thomas
name: Löding, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: We consider a new kind of interpretation over relational structures: finite sets interpretations. Those interpretations are defined by weak monadic second-order (WMSO) formulas with free set variables. They transform a given structure into a structure with a domain consisting of finite sets of elements of the orignal structure. The definition of these interpretations directly implies that they send structures with a decidable WMSO theory to structures with a decidable first-order theory. In this paper, we investigate the expressive power of such interpretations applied to infinite deterministic trees. The results can be used in the study of automatic and tree-automatic structures.
description: 36 pages
The optical properties of (TMTSF)₂ReO₄ and (TMTSF)₂BF₄ above and below their metal-insulator transitions
Creators: name: Homes, Christopher C. (Christopher Craver)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The reflectivity of large single crystals of protonated and deuterated (TMTSF)₂Re0₄ and (TMTSF)₂BF₄ has been measured from ≈ 30 cm-¹ to ≈ 8000 cm-¹ using a Bruker IFS 113V Fourier Transform Interferometer for Ea and Eb' above and below the metal--insulator transitions at 177 K and 39 K respectively. The infrared powder absorption spectra of protonated and deuterated (TMTSF)₂Re0₄ has been measured from 200 cm˗¹ to 2000 cm˗¹. The Kramers-Kronig optical conductivity has been calculated from the reflectivity using Drude extrapolations to high frequency. The results for the conductivity for Ea show a one-dimensional density of states, characteristic of a one-dimensional semiconductor with strong electron-phonon coupling, with the vibrations appearing as resonances below the gap and as antiresonances above. The Eb' conductivity is smaller by almost two orders of magnitude than that for Ea, but displays the same semiconducting behavior. The phonons active in the Eb' polarization appear only as resonances. A normal coordinate analysis has been performed for protonated and deuterated TMTSF⁰ and TMTSF⁺. The results have been used to infer the frequencies of vibration and the deuterium shifts of TMTSF⁺⁰ׄ⁵. The molecular frequencies of vibration have been assigned on the basis of their observed frequencies and optical polarization, as well as their deuterium shifts. Some external phonons have also been assigned. The observation that many of the internal and external vibrations are split is due to the eightfold increase in the size of the unit cell (and subsequent reduction of the Brillouin zone) below the metal-insulator transition. The optical properties of the semiconducting state have been modelled for a one--dimensional molecular conductor with a twofold-commensurate charge-density wave, which accurately reproduces the effects of the lattice dimerization and the potential due to the anion chains. The calculations yield the electron-molecular-vibrational coupling constants for the totally symmetric a[formula omitted] vibrations of the TMTSF molecule. The model also yields a transfer integral of 1400 cm-¹ for both materials and semiconducting energy gaps of 2Δ = 1700 cm˗¹ and 2Δ = 1120 cm˗¹ for (TMTSF)₂ReO₄ and (TMTSF)₂BF₄ respectively. The optical conductivity in the Eb' polarization has been discussed in -terms of a two-dimensional band structure with anisotropic transfer integrals. The band structure calculations show the same general features as the measured spectra.
Two-Parton Contribution to the Heavy-Quark Forward-Backward Asymmetry in NNLO QCD
Creators: name: Bernreuther, W.
name: Bonciani, R.
name: Gehrmann, T.
name: Leineweber, R. Heinesch T.
name: Mastrolia, P.
name: Remiddi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forward-backward asymmetries, $A_{FB}^Q$, are important observables for the determination of the neutral-current couplings of heavy quarks in inclusive heavy quark production, $e^+ e^- \to γ^*, Z^* \to Q +X$. In view of the measurement perspectives on $A_{FB}^Q$ at a future linear collider, precise predictions of $A_{FB}^Q$ are required for massive quarks. We compute the contribution of the $Q \bar Q$ final state to $A_{FB}^Q$ to order $\as^2$ in the QCD coupling. We provide general formulae, and we show that this contribution to $A_{FB}^Q$ is infrared-finite. We evaluate these two-parton contributions for $b$ and $c$ quarks on and near the $Z$ resonance, and for $t$ quarks above threshold. Moreover, near the $t \bar t$ threshold we obtain, by expanding in the heavy-quark velocity $β$, an expression for $A_{FB}^{t \bar t}$ to order $\as^2$ and NNLL in $β$. This quantity is equal, to this order in $β$, to the complete forward-backward asymmetry $A_{FB}^t$.
description: latex, 26 pages, 2 tables, 17 figures
Small Scale Behavior of Cosmic String Networks
Creators: name: Polchinski, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of cosmic string networks is an interesting dynamical problem. The equations governing these networks are classical and fully specified, but the length scale at which cosmic string loops form has been uncertain to tens of orders of magnitude. Numerical simulations are limited in the range of length and time scales they can reach, while analytic methods have been limited by the nonlinearities of the problem. We describe a recent analytic scaling model developed in collaboration with Jorge Rocha and Florian Dubath which, together with recent simulations, appears to resolve this question.
description: 11 pages, 2 pdf figs. Presented at the Royal Society Discussion Meeting ``Cosmology Meets Condensed Matter'', January 28-29, 2008
A bifactor model of US Parents’ attitudes regarding mediation for the digital age
Creators: name: Navarro, Jessica L.
name: Fletcher, Anne
name: Jensen, Michaeline
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Parents use digital-specific strategies to mitigate online risks and augment online benefits of digital technology in their children’s lives. The goal of this study was to develop and validate a measure of parents’ attitudes about mediation of digital technology. An internet-based survey was administered to 460 parents of children and adolescents in the United States. Exploratory bifactor analysis revealed one general factor, reflecting general parenting attitudes, and four digital-specific factors: discursive mediation, restrictive mediation and monitoring, participatory mediation, and mediation by modeling. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a bifactor model of the Digital Parental Mediation Attitudes Scale (DPMAS); the general factor explained shared variance related to parenting style and skills in general, while the mediation factors represented digital-specific attitudes. Construct validity was evidenced in differential associations between mediation factors and parenting efficacy, influence, child age, and parent and child technology use patterns. Prior State of Knowledge: Research exploring the effectiveness of digital parenting strategies (e.g. discursive and restrictive mediation) has not conceptualized or measured these constructs consistently. This limits the extent to which scholars, policy makers, and parents can draw conclusions about the efficacy of digital parental mediation. Novel Contributions: To facilitate a coherent evidence base about digital parenting, the current study developed and validated a quantitative measure of US parents’ attitudes about mediation related to digital and social technologies using structural equation modeling. Practical Implications: The Digital Parenting Mediation Attitude Scale (DPMAS) assess parents’ attitudes across four dimensions (discursive, restrictive/monitoring, participatory, modeling) and can assist in the development and evaluation of interventions to support youth and families in a dynamic and rapidly evolving technological environment.
Elevate Your Education Influencer Status: Mastering Storytelling and Visual Impact
Creators: name: Oliveira, Jorge
Publisher: name: Empowerverse Media & Communications Agency
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education influencer
Storytelling
Visual impact

description: The education landscape is shifting. Teachers are no longer confined to classrooms; they're educators, advocates, and changemakers shaping the future of learning on a global stage. In this evolving environment, mastering storytelling and visual impact becomes crucial for those who aspire to reach broader audiences and truly elevate their education influencer status.
On the propagation of an optical wave in a photorefractive medium
Creators: name: Bidégaray-Fesquet, Brigitte
name: Saut, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A05, 35A07, 35Q55, 35Q60, 78A60

description: The aim of this paper is first to review the derivation of a model describing the propagation of an optical wave in a photorefractive medium and to present various mathematical results on this model: Cauchy problem, solitary waves.
Reflective Practice Workshop
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: reflective practice
reflection
professional development

description: Being a reflective practitioner is something that doesn’t come naturally for many of us but it can be a surprisingly easy skill to develop. As well as helping you to think critically about yourself and your service, being able to reflect can help you to deal with feedback, prepare you for job interviews and become more confident. This interactive workshop will help you to understand the theory of reflective practice and how to translate this into your everyday role. It will provide tips for overcoming barriers to carrying out reflection and how to deal with feedback as well as offering a brief introduction to reflective writing.
Collisional dust avalanches in debris discs
Creators: name: Grigorieva, Anna
name: Artymowicz, Pawel
name: Thébault, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantitatively investigate how collisional avalanches may developin debris discs as the result of the initial break-up of a planetesimal or comet-like object, triggering a collisional chain reaction due to outward escaping small dust grains. We use a specifically developed numerical code that follows both the spatial distribution of the dust grains and the evolution of their size-frequency distribution due to collisions. We investigate how strongly avalanche propagation depends on different parameters (e.g., amount of dust released in the initial break-up, collisional properties of dust grains and their distribution in the disc). Our simulations show that avalanches evolve on timescales of ~1000 years, propagating outwards following a spiral-like pattern, and that their amplitude exponentially depends on the number density of dust grains in the system. We estimate a probability for witnessing an avalanche event as a function of disc densities, for a gas-free case around an A-type star, and find that features created by avalanche propagation can lead to observable asymmetries for dusty systems with a beta Pictoris-like dust content or higher. Characteristic observable features include: (i) a brightness asymmetry of the two sides for a disc viewed edge-on, and (ii) a one-armed open spiral or a lumpy structure in the case of face-on orientation. A possible system in which avalanche-induced structures might have been observed is the edge-on seen debris disc around HD32297, which displays a strong luminosity difference between its two sides.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures; has been accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, section 6. Interstellar and circumstellar matter. The official date of acceptance is 29/08/2006
Quantum electron splitter based on two quantum dots attached to leads
Creators: name: Malyshev, A. V.
name: Orellana, P. A.
name: Dominguez-Adame, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic transport properties of two quantum dots side-coupled to a quantum wire are studied by means of the two impurity Anderson Hamiltonian. The conductance is found to be a superposition of a Fano and a Breit-Wigner resonances as a function of the Fermi energy, when the gate voltages of the quantum dots are slightly different. Under this condition, we analyze the time evolution of a Gaussian-shaped superposition of plane waves incoming from the source lead, and found that the wave packet can be splitted into three packets at the drain lead. This spatial pattern manifests in a direct way the peculiarities of the conductance in energy space. We conclude that the device acts as a quantum electron splitter.
description: ReTeX, 4 pages, 4 EPS figures. To appear in Physical Review B
Analysis of the dust evolution in the circumstellar disks of TTauri stars
Creators: name: Schegerer, A.
name: Wolf, S.
name: Voshchinnikov, N. V.
name: Przygodda, F.
name: Kessler-Silacci, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a compositional analysis of 8-13um spectra of 32 young stellar objects (YSOs). Our sample consists of 5 intermediate-mass stars and 27 low-mass stars. While the spectra and first scientific results have already been published by Przygodda et al. (2003) and Kessler-Silacci et al. (2004) we perform a more detailed analysis of the 10um silicate feature. In our analysis we assume that this emission feature can be represented by a linear superposition of the wavelength-dependent opacity $κ_{\rm abs}(λ)$ describing the optical properties of silicate grains with different chemical composition, structure, and grain size. The determination of an adequate fitting equation is another goal of this study. Using a restricted number of fitting parameters we investigate which silicate species are necessary for the compositional fitting. Particles with radii of 0.1um- and 1.5um consisting of amorphous olivine and pyroxene, forsterite, enstatite, and quartz have been considered. Only compact, homogeneous dust grains have been used in the presented fitting procedures. In this context we show that acceptable fitting results can also be achieved if emission properties of porous silicate grains are considered instead. Although some previous studies give reasons for the similarity between the dust in circumstellar disks of TTauri stars and Herbig Ae/Be stars, a quantitative comparison has been missing, so far. Therefore, we conclude with a discussion of the results of a 10um spectroscopic survey of van Boekel et al. (2005) who focus on Herbig Ae/Be stars, the higher mass counterparts of T Tauri stars and draw comparisons to this and other studies. We find that the results of our study of T Tauri systems partly agree with previous studies of Herbig Ae/Be stars.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures