cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lithium metal penetration induced by electrodeposition through solid electrolytes: Example in single-crystal Li6La3ZrTaO12 garnet
Creators: name: Swamy, Tushar
name: Park, Richard
name: Sheldon, Brian W.
name: Rettenwander, Daniel
name: Porz, Lukas
name: Berendts, Stefan
name: Uecker, Reinhard
name: Carter, W. Craig
name: Chiang, Yet-Ming
Publisher: name: Pennington, NJ : Electrochemical Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Coulombic efficiency
subject: Electric field distributions
subject: Electrochemomechanical
subject: Electrodeposition current densities
subject: Higher energy density
subject: Initiation sites
subject: Lithium metal anode
subject: Vickers microindentation
subject: 540
subject: 620
subject: 660

description: Solid electrolytes potentially enable rechargeable batteries with lithium metal anodes possessing higher energy densities than today’s lithium ion batteries. To do so the solid electrolyte must suppress instabilities that lead to poor coulombic efficiency and short circuits. In this work, lithium electrodeposition was performed on single-crystal Li6La3ZrTaO12 garnets to investigate factors governing lithium penetration through brittle electrolytes. In single crystals, grain boundaries are excluded as paths for lithium metal propagation. Vickers microindentation was used to introduce surface flaws of known size. However, operando optical microscopy revealed that lithium metal penetration propagates preferentially from a different, second class of flaws. At the perimeter of surface current collectors smaller in size than the lithium source electrode, an enhanced electrodeposition current density causes lithium filled cracks to initiate and grow to penetration, even when large Vickers defects are in proximity. Modeling the electric field distribution in the experimental cell revealed that a 5-fold enhancement in field occurs within 10 micrometers of the electrode edge and generates high local electrochemomechanical stress. This may determine the initiation sites for lithium propagation, overriding the presence of larger defects elsewhere.
Bioactive secondary metabolites with multiple activities from a fungal endophyte
Creators: name: Bogner, Catherine W.
name: Kamdem, Ramsay S.T.
name: Sichtermann, Gisela
name: Matthäus, Christian
name: Hölscher, Dirk
name: Popp, Jürgen
name: Proksch, Peter
name: Grundler, Florian M.W.
name: Schouten, Alexander
Publisher: name: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: Antinematodal Agents
subject: Biological Products
subject: Culture Media
subject: Endophytes
subject: Fusarium
subject: Microscopy
subject: Molecular Structure
subject: Survival Analysis
subject: Tylenchoidea
subject: 570
subject: 610

description: In order to replace particularly biohazardous nematocides, there is a strong drive to finding natural product-based alternatives with the aim of containing nematode pests in agriculture. The metabolites produced by the fungal endophyte Fusarium oxysporum 162 when cultivated on rice media were isolated and their structures elucidated. Eleven compounds were obtained, of which six were isolated from a Fusarium spp. for the first time. The three most potent nematode-antagonistic compounds, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibepyrone D had LC50 values of 104, 117 and 134 μg ml−1, respectively, after 72 h. IAA is a well-known phytohormone that plays a role in triggering plant resistance, thus suggesting a dual activity, either directly, by killing or compromising nematodes, or indirectly, by inducing defence mechanisms against pathogens (nematodes) in plants. Such compounds may serve as important leads in the development of novel, environmental friendly, nematocides.
Observation of a quantum Cheshire Cat in a matter wave interferometer experiment
Creators: name: Denkmayr, Tobias
name: Geppert, Hermann
name: Sponar, Stephan
name: Lemmel, Hartmut
name: Matzkin, Alexandre
name: Tollaksen, Jeff
name: Hasegawa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From its very beginning quantum theory has been revealing extraordinary and counter-intuitive phenomena, such as wave-particle duality, Schrödinger cats and quantum non-locality. In the study of quantum measurement, a process involving pre- and postselection of quantum ensembles in combination with a weak interaction was found to yield unexpected outcomes. This scheme, usually referred to as "weak measurements", can not only be used as an amplification technique and for minimal disturbing measurements, but also for the exploration of quantum paradoxes. Recently the quantum Cheshire Cat has attracted attention: a quantum system can behave as if a particle and its property (e.g. its polarization) are spatially separated. Up to now most experiments studying weak measurements were done with photonic setups. To reveal the peculiarities of a quantum Cheshire Cat the use of non-zero mass particles is most appealing, since no classical description is possible. Here, we report an experiment using a neutron interferometer to create and observe a purely quantum mechanical Cheshire Cat. The experimental results suggest that the system behaves as if the neutrons went through one beam path, while their spin travelled along the other.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
Liquid-phase electron microscopy of molecular drug response in breast cancer cells reveals irresponsive cell subpopulations related to lack of HER2 homodimers
Creators: name: Peckys, Diana B.
name: Korf, Ulrike
name: Wiemann, Stefan
name: De Jonge, Niels
Publisher: name: Bethesda, Md. : American Society for Cell Biology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: breast cancer
subject: cancer cell
subject: cancer stem cell
subject: cell cycle arrest
subject: cell membrane
subject: cell proliferation
subject: cell subpopulation
subject: controlled study
subject: down regulation
subject: drug protein binding
subject: drug response
subject: electron microscopy
subject: HCC1954 cell line
subject: human
subject: human cell
subject: liquid phase electron microscopy
subject: phenotype
subject: priority journal
subject: scanning transmission electron microscopy
subject: SK-BR-3 cell line
subject: 570

description: The development of drug resistance in cancer poses a major clinical problem. An example is human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpressing breast cancer often treated with anti-HER2 antibody therapies, such as trastuzumab. Because drug resistance is rooted mainly in tumor cell heterogeneity, we examined the drug effect in different subpopulations of SKBR3 breast cancer cells and compared the results with those of a drugresistant cell line, HCC1954. Correlative light microscopy and liquid-phase scanning transmission electron microscopy were used to quantitatively analyze HER2 responses upon drug binding, whereby many tens of whole cells were imaged. Trastuzumab was found to selectively cross-link and down-regulate HER2 homodimers from the plasma membranes of bulk cancer cells. In contrast, HER2 resided mainly as monomers in rare subpopulations of resting and cancer stem cells (CSCs), and these monomers were not internalized after drug binding. The HER2 distribution was hardly influenced by trastuzumab for the HCC1954 cells. These findings show that resting cells and CSCs are irresponsive to the drug and thus point toward a molecular explanation behind the origin of drug resistance. This analytical method is broadly applicable to study membrane protein interactions in the intact plasma membrane, while accounting for cell heterogeneity.
A classical description of subnanometer resolution by atomic features in metallic structures
Creators: name: Trautmann, S.
name: Aizpurua, J.
name: Götz, I.
name: Undisz, A.
name: Dellith, J.
name: Schneidewind, H.
name: Rettenmayr, M.
name: Deckert, V.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : RSC Publ.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Field localization
subject: Lateral resolution
subject: Metallic nanoparticles
subject: Metallic structures
subject: Plasmonic particles
subject: Probe spectroscopy
subject: Spatial resolution
subject: Subnanometer resolution
subject: 600
subject: 530
subject: 540

description: Recent experiments have evidenced sub-nanometer resolution in plasmonic-enhanced probe spectroscopy. Such a high resolution cannot be simply explained using the commonly considered radii of metallic nanoparticles on plasmonic probes. In this contribution the effects of defects as small as a single atom found on spherical plasmonic particles acting as probing tips are investigated in connection with the spatial resolution provided. The presence of abundant edge and corner sites with atomic scale dimensions in crystalline metallic nanoparticles is evident from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Electrodynamic calculations based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) are implemented to reveal the impact of the presence of such atomic features in probing tips on the lateral spatial resolution and field localization. Our analysis is developed for three different configurations, and under resonant and non-resonant illumination conditions, respectively. Based on this analysis, the limits of field enhancement, lateral resolution and field confinement in plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy and microscopy are inferred, reaching values below 1 nanometer for reasonable atomic sizes.
Big Crunch-based omnidirectional light concentrators
Creators: name: Smolyaninov, Igor I.
name: Hung, Yu-Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Omnidirectional light concentration remains an unsolved problem despite such important practical applications as design of efficient mobile photovoltaic cells. Optical black hole designs developed recently offer partial solution to this problem. However, even these solutions are not truly omnidirectional since they do not exhibit a horizon, and at large enough incidence angles light may be trapped into quasi-stationary orbits around such imperfect optical black holes. Here we propose and realize experimentally another gravity-inspired design of a broadband omnidirectional light concentrator based on the cosmological Big Crunch solutions. By mimicking the Big Crunch spacetime via corresponding effective optical metric we make sure that every photon world line terminates in a single point.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Far-infrared electrodynamics of thin superconducting NbN film in magnetic field
Creators: name: Šindler, M.
name: Tesař, R.
name: Koláček, J.
name: Szabó, P.
name: Samuely, P.
name: Hašková, V.
name: Kadlec, C.
name: Kadlec, F.
name: Kužel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied a thin superconducting NbN film in magnetic fields up to 8 T above the zero- temperature limit by means of time-domain terahertz and scanning tunneling spectroscopies in order to understand the vortex response. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy was used to determine the optical gap and the upper critical field of the sample. The obtained values were subsequently used to fit the terahertz complex conductivity spectra in the magnetic field in the Faraday geometry above the zero temperature limit. These spectra are best described in terms of the Coffey-Clem self-consistent solution of a modified London equation in the flux creep regime.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Erato: Automatizing Poetry Evaluation
Creators: name: Agirrezabal, Manex
name: Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo
name: Ormazabal, Aitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Erato, a framework designed to facilitate the automated evaluation of poetry, including that generated by poetry generation systems. Our framework employs a diverse set of features, and we offer a brief overview of Erato's capabilities and its potential for expansion. Using Erato, we compare and contrast human-authored poetry with automatically-generated poetry, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying key differences. Our implementation code and software are freely available under the GNU GPLv3 license.
Additional file 1 of Estimated prevalence of mucopolysaccharidoses from population-based exomes and genomes
Creators: name: Pâmella Borges
name: Pasqualim, Gabriela
name: Giugliani, Roberto
name: Vairo, Filippo
name: Matte, Ursula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additonal file 1.The number of variants excluded at each category for each MPS gene at the calculated maximums frequency. Bold numbers identify retained variants.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of an active, polar, viscoelastic ring
Creators: name: Marcq, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Constitutive equations for a one-dimensional, active, polar, viscoelastic liquid are derived by treating the strain field as a slow hydrodynamic variable. Taking into account the couplings between strain and polarity allowed by symmetry, the hydrodynamics of an active, polar, viscoelastic body include an evolution equation for the polarity field that generalizes the damped Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation. Beyond thresholds of the active coupling coefficients between the polarity and the stress or the strain rate, bifurcations of the homogeneous state lead first to stationary waves, then to propagating waves of the strain, stress and polarity fields. I argue that these results are relevant to living matter, and may explain rotating actomyosin rings in cells and mechanical waves in epithelial cell monolayers.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Brillouin scattering in the rare gas liquids and some mixtures of the rare gases.
Creators: name: Baharudin, Bin Yatim
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: We have observed the Brillouin scattering of light from the pure monatomic liquids Argon and Krypton and the binary monatomic gas mixtures Argon-Neon .and Krypton-Helium. The spectrum of light scattered from a fluid for a scattering process with momentum transfer K and frequency to is proportional to the power spectrum, S (K, to), of fluctuations in the thermodynamic properties of the fluid. For a one-component system this reduces to the power spectrum of fluctuations in the density of the fluid; while for a binary mixture S(K, to) can be expressed as the total power spectrum of fluctuations in a set of independent thermodynamic variables. When the fluid is dense the mean free path of the atoms (or molecules) is much smaller than the wavelength» A, associated with the scattering process (A = 2tt/K) and the scattering process is dominated by interatomic collisions. In this case S(K, to) can be calculated from the equations of hydrodynamics. The spectrum of light scattered from liquid Argon and liquid Krypton along their saturated vapour pressure curves has been measured. The experiments were performed over a range of scattering angles for both liquids. The velocities of hypersound in each liquid, calculated from the Brillouin shifts of the scattered light, show no dispersion over the frequency range measured, i.e.^300-3000 MHz.X V i These results also agree with sound velocities measured by ultrasonic techniques within the experimental errors. We have also measured the Brillouin linewidths from these liquids, and from these calculated the intrinsic bulk viscosities of these liquids. The spectrum of light scattered from the binary monatomic gas mixtures Argon-Neon and Krypton-Helium as a function of Neon and Helium concentrations respectively has been measured. From the shifts and widths of the Brillouin lines we have investigated the propagation and attenuation of sound waves in these mixtures. In the case of the Krytpon-Helium mixture measurements were also made at different scattering angles to investigate the dispersion of sound in this mixture. From the measurements of the attenuation coefficients in the binary monatomic gas mixtures we have estimated the mutual diffusion coefficients, D12/ in these mixtures. The results obtained agree with theoretical calculations for atoms with the Lennard-Jones potential.
Additional file 1 of Wilson disease, ABCC2 c.3972C > T polymorphism and primary liver cancers: suggestions from a familial cluster
Creators: name: Brandi, Giovanni
name: Rizzo, Alessandro
name: Deserti, Marzia
name: Relli, Valeria
name: Indio, Valentina
name: Bin, Sofia
name: Pariali, Milena
name: Palloni, Andrea
name: Lorenzo, Stefania De
name: Tovoli, Francesco
name: Tavolari, Simona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:Supplementary Table 1: Published studies about ICC development in WD patients [23–25].
Tuning Electroluminescence from Functionalized SWCNT Networks further into the Near-Infrared
Creators: name: Zorn, Nicolas F.
name: Settele, Simon
name: Sebastian, Finn L.
name: Lindenthal, Sebastian
name: Zaumseil, Jana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-infrared electroluminescence from carbon-based emitters, especially in the second biological window (NIR-II) or at telecommunication wavelengths, is difficult to achieve. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been proposed as a possible solution due to their tunable and narrowband emission in the near-infrared and high charge carrier mobilities. Furthermore, the covalent functionalization of SWCNTs with a controlled number of luminescent sp$^{3}$ defects leads to even more red-shifted photoluminescence with enhanced quantum yields. Here, we demonstrate that by tailoring the binding configuration of the introduced sp$^{3}$ defects and hence tuning their optical trap depth we can generate emission from polymer-sorted (6,5) and (7,5) nanotubes that is mainly occurring in the telecommunication O-band (1260-1360 nm). Networks of these functionalized nanotubes are integrated in ambipolar, light-emitting field-effect transistors to yield the corresponding narrowband near-infrared electroluminescence. Further investigation of the current and carrier density-dependent electro- and photoluminescence spectra enable insights into the impact of different sp$^{3}$ defects on charge transport in networks of functionalized SWCNTs.
Additional file 3 of Estimated prevalence of mucopolysaccharidoses from population-based exomes and genomes
Creators: name: Pâmella Borges
name: Pasqualim, Gabriela
name: Giugliani, Roberto
name: Vairo, Filippo
name: Matte, Ursula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3. The number of variants excluded from the analysis for each MPS gene.
Preliminary Results from Investigations of the Relative Alignment between the Electron Beam and Quadrupoles in the Undulator Section of VUV FEL
Creators: name: Castro, P.
name: Faatz, B.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2005

description: DESY Technical Note (2005).
Infrared-finite graviton two-point function in static de Sitter space
Creators: name: Bernar, Rafael P.
name: Crispino, Luís C. B.
name: Higuchi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum gravitational perturbations in the static patch of de Sitter space. In particular, we determine the symplectic inner product of these perturbations and use it to write down the graviton two-point function in the state analogous to the Bunch-Davies vacuum in a certain gauge. We find this two-point function to be infrared-finite and time-translation invariant.
description: 17 pages, REVTeX, references corrected
Additional file 2 of Estimated prevalence of mucopolysaccharidoses from population-based exomes and genomes
Creators: name: Pâmella Borges
name: Pasqualim, Gabriela
name: Giugliani, Roberto
name: Vairo, Filippo
name: Matte, Ursula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. The total number of variants excluded for homozygosis for each MPS gene and the number of homozygosis variants with frequency less than 0.001.
Two-particle angular correlations in pp collisions recorded with the ALICE detector at the LHC
Creators: name: Janik, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the studies of two-particle angular correlations measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded by ALICE at the LHC. Two-particle correlations in relative azimuth (Δϕ) and pseudorapidity (Δη) are expected to exhibit several structures which arise from different physics mechanisms and allow us to study the wide landscape of correlations. The results include the dependence of the correlation function on the event multiplicity, the charge combination and species (pions, kaons or protons) of particles in the pair.
description: Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics
Multi-Valued Verification of Strategic Ability
Creators: name: Jamroga, Wojciech
name: Konikowska, Beata
name: Kurpiewski, Damian
name: Penczek, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Some multi-agent scenarios call for the possibility of evaluating specifications in a richer domain of truth values. Examples include runtime monitoring of a temporal property over a growing prefix of an infinite path, inconsistency analysis in distributed databases, and verification methods that use incomplete anytime algorithms, such as bounded model checking. In this paper, we present multi-valued alternating-time temporal logic (mv-ATL*), an expressive logic to specify strategic abilities in multi-agent systems. It is well known that, for branching-time logics, a general method for model-independent translation from multi-valued to two-valued model checking exists. We show that the method cannot be directly extended to mv-ATL*. We also propose two ways of overcoming the problem. Firstly, we identify constraints on formulas for which the model-independent translation can be suitably adapted. Secondly, we present a model-dependent reduction that can be applied to all formulas of mv-ATL*. We show that, in all cases, the complexity of verification increases only linearly when new truth values are added to the evaluation domain. We also consider several examples that show possible applications of mv-ATL* and motivate its use for model checking multi-agent systems.
Physical properties of the thermoelectric cubic lanthanum chalcogenides La3-yX4 (X=S,Se,Te) from first-principles
Creators: name: Viennois, Romain
name: Niedziolka, Kinga
name: Jund, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ab-initio calculations of the stability, lattice dynamics, electronic and thermoelectric properties of cubic La3-yX4 (X=S,Se,Te) materials in view of analyzing their potential for thermoelectric applications. The lanthanum motions are strongly coupled to the tellurium motions in the telluride, whereas the motions of both types of atoms are decoupled in the sulfides. Nevertheless, this has no impact on their thermal properties because experimentally all compounds have low thermal conductivity. We believe that this is due to Umklapp scattering of the acoustical modes, notably by the low energy optical modes at about 7-8 meV found in all three chalcogenides, as in cage compounds such as skutterudites or clathrates, even though there are no cages in the cubic Th3P4 structure. We find that the energy bandgap increases from the telluride to the sulfide in good agreement with the experiments. However, due to their similar band structure, we find that all three compounds have almost identical thermoelectric properties. Our results agree qualitatively with the experiments, especially in the case of the telluride for which a great amount of data exists. All our results indicate that the sulfides have strong potential for thermoelectricity and could replace the tellurides if the charge carrier concentration is optimized. Finally, we predict also a larger maximum ZT for the p-type doped materials than for the n-type doped ones, even though compounds with p-doping have still to be synthesized. Thus our results indicate the possibility to make high temperature performing thermo-generators based only on La3X4 compounds.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures
Beiträge zum vierten Studierendenkongress für Philosophie
Creators: name: Perler, Dominik
name: Ayhan, Sara
name: Vargas Vargas, Michel
name: Lourens, Michael
name: Nasarek, Noah
name: Wilken, Florence
name: Fox, Philip
name: Palme, David
name: Gallasch, Till
name: Zaitseva, Valeria
name: Achmann, Michael
name: Sami, Nenno
name: Tyssedal, Jens Jørund
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Studentische Konferenz
subject: Philosophie
subject: Studentisches Forschen
subject: Kongress
subject: 100 Philosophie, Parapsychologie und Okkultismus, Psychologie

description: Der Studierendenkongress für Philosophie wird jährlich ausgerichtet von der Bundesfachschaftentagung Philosophie e.V. Er bietet Studierenden die Möglichkeit, vor einem öffentlichen Publikum erste Fachvorträge in deutscher oder englischer Sprache zu halten. Der vorliegende Band versammelt die Beiträge in schriftlicher Form und bietet über den Kongress hinaus dem studentischen Forschen eine Plattform.
Formation of filaments/feathers in disc galaxies: Is self-gravity enough?
Creators: name: Arora, Raghav
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Krumholz, Mark
name: Banerjee, Robi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Dense filaments/feathers are kpc scale dusty features found in nearby main sequence disc galaxies. Visible as dust-attenuated features in HST and recently seen in emission maps of JWST/MIRI images in unprecedented detail. They are known to harbor embedded star forming regions, giving us insight into early stages of star formation and are expected to play an important role in molecular cloud formation as well. We explore the origin of these galactic filaments via the action of a global gravitational instability. Using 3D high resolution numerical simulations of isolated disc galaxies, we demonstrate that self-gravity alone is able to form galactic filaments without the need for spiral lanes, magnetic fields or feedback from stars. Their morphological properties, as well as their timescales of formation are found to vary with the thermodynamical and rotational properties of the disc. This is characterised by the dimensionless ratio vc/cs (ratio of the saturated circular velocity to the sound speed) of the galaxy. We also quantify the spacing of the filaments using a 2D Fourier transform and compare them with JWST and HST observations of nearby galaxies and find them to be in good agreement.
Resource Usage Analysis of Logic Programs via Abstract Interpretation Using Sized Types
Creators: name: Serrano, Alejandro
name: Lopez-Garcia, Pedro
name: Hermenegildo, Manuel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel general resource analysis for logic programs based on sized types. Sized types are representations that incorporate structural (shape) information and allow expressing both lower and upper bounds on the size of a set of terms and their subterms at any position and depth. They also allow relating the sizes of terms and subterms occurring at different argument positions in logic predicates. Using these sized types, the resource analysis can infer both lower and upper bounds on the resources used by all the procedures in a program as functions on input term (and subterm) sizes, overcoming limitations of existing resource analyses and enhancing their precision. Our new resource analysis has been developed within the abstract interpretation framework, as an extension of the sized types abstract domain, and has been integrated into the Ciao preprocessor, CiaoPP. The abstract domain operations are integrated with the setting up and solving of recurrence equations for inferring both size and resource usage functions. We show that the analysis is an improvement over the previous resource analysis present in CiaoPP and compares well in power to state of the art systems.
description: To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP), improved version of arXiv:1308.3940 (which was conference version)
The effect of self interacting isoscalar-vector meson on finite nuclei and infinite nuclear matter
Creators: name: Biswal, S. K.
name: Singh, S. K.
name: Bhuyan, M.
name: Patra, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed study is made for the nucleon-nucleon interaction based on relativistic mean field theory in which the potential is explicitly expressed in terms of mass and the coupling constant of the meson fields. A unified treatment for self-coupling of isoscalar-scalar $σ-$, isoscalar-vector $ω$-mesons and their coupling constant are given with a complete analytic form. The present investigation is focused on the effect of self-interacting higher order $σ$ and $ω$ field on nuclear properties. An attempt is made to explain the collapsing stage of nucleon by higher order $ω$-field. Both infinite nuclear matter and the finite nuclear properties are included in the present study to observe the behaviour or sensitivity of this self interacting terms.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Sustainable banking: identity. logics.liabilities
Creators: name: Naranova, Anastasia
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2020
Subjects: sustainable finance
sustainable banking
community development
profit
Global Alliance for Banking on Values
GABV
identity plurality
principle stakeholders
ethical goals
economic goals

description: This thesis examines the phenomenon of sustainable finance and banking. It explores how organisations simultaneously pursue the community development and the profitability goals, therefore, combining the behaviour of the economic and the ethical actor. It features the Global Alliance for Banking on Values (GABV), an international network of 62 financial institutions and 16 strategic partners operating globally. Drawing from the existing theories of the firm, this thesis discusses how the combination of the economic and the ethical goals creates identity plurality in sustainable banks. It further examines the associated liabilities of identity plurality and the ways they could be resolved by sustainable banks. The existing theories of the firm provided insufficient insights on the ways organisations experience and resolve the challenges of identity plurality. Current research contributes to the existing theories of the firm and helps synthesise the economic and the ethical perspectives on the role of the firm. Sustainable banks combine the community development and the banking identities at their core and, as a result, face competing identity demands. The identity plurality affects their organisational structures, processes and meanings. Findings from this study show that sustainable banks face regulatory, governance, stakeholders relations project assessment challenges due to identity plurality. Through a qualitative analysis of interviews, participant observations and documents, this study discovered that challenges of identity plurality experienced by sustainable banks result in two types of organisational liabilities: liabilities for multiple goals and liabilities to multiple principle stakeholders. Sustainable banks address liabilities for multiple goals through a combination of identity work tactics, namely critiquing, contextualising and intervening. Sustainable banks further approach their liabilities to multiple principle stakeholders through the relational identity orientation expressed in such behaviours as inclusion of affected communities, full incorporation of local needs, philanthropic inclusiveness, transparency and power balance among stakeholders, governmental commitments and collaborative hiring as well as socialisation. This thesis extends current theoretical understandings of identity plurality as a combination of the economic and the ethical goals within an organisation. It shows to which extent identity plurality is experienced by sustainable banks, what are the liabilities of organisational identity plurality and how sustainable banks resolve these liabilities. These findings contribute to earlier conceptualisations of the hybrid identity organisation and the multiple identities organisation and supports the development of the pluralistic identity organisation theory.
MEASURES TO SUPPORT SMALL BUSINESSES IN JAPAN
Creators: name: Popova, Lyudmila
name: Tursunova, Nilufar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: To stimulate innovation and technological development in small companies, Japan has a system of tax incentives and favorable conditions for research and development. For example, small companies may receive reduced income tax rates or even exemptions from certain taxes if certain conditions are met.
Mechanisms for photon sorting based on slit-groove arrays
Creators: name: Villate-Guío, F.
name: Martín-Moreno, L.
name: de León-Pérez, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanisms for one-dimensional photon sorting are theoretically studied in the framework of a couple mode method. The considered system is a nanopatterned structure composed of two different pixels drilled on the surface of a thin gold layer. Each pixel consists of a slit-groove array designed to squeeze a large fraction of the incident light into the central slit. The Double-Pixel is optimized to resolve two different frequencies in the near infrared. This system shows a high transmission efficiency and a small crosstalk. Its response is found to strongly depend on the effective area shared by overlapping pixels. Three different regimes for the process of photon sorting are identified and the main physical trends underneath in such regimes are unveiled. Optimal efficiencies for the photon sorting are obtained for a moderate number of grooves that overlap with grooves of the neighbor pixel. Results could be applied to optical and infrared detectors.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Chiral charge density wave and backscattering-immune orbital texture in monolayer 1T-TiTe2
Creators: name: Ren, Mingqiang
name: Cheng, Fangjun
name: Zhao, Yufei
name: Gu, Mingqiang
name: Cheng, Qiangjun
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Liu, Qihang
name: Ma, Xucun
name: Xue, Qikun
name: Song, Can-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-trivial electronic states are attracting intense attention in low-dimensional physics. Though chirality has been identified in charge states with a scalar order parameter, its intertwining with charge density waves (CDW), film thickness and the impact on the electronic behaviors remain less well understood. Here, using scanning tunneling microscopy, we report a 2 x 2 chiral CDW as well as a strong suppression of the Te-5p hole-band backscattering in monolayer 1T-TiTe2. These exotic characters vanish in bilayer TiTe2 with a non-CDW state. Theoretical calculations approve that chirality comes from a helical stacking of the triple-q CDW components and therefore can persist at the two-dimensional limit. Furthermore, the chirality renders the Te-5p bands an unconventional orbital texture that prohibits electron backscattering. Our study establishes TiTe2 as a promising playground for manipulating the chiral ground states at the monolayer limit and provides a novel path to engineer electronic properties from an orbital degree.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Some best approximation formulas and inequalities for Wallis ratio
Creators: name: Qi, Feng
name: Mortici, Cristinel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10, 11B65, 33B15, 41A10, 42A16

description: In the paper, the authors establish some best approximation formulas and inequalities for Wallis ratio. These formulas and inequalities improve an approximation formula and a double inequality for Wallis ratio recently presented in ``S. Guo, J.-G. Xu, and F. Qi, \textit{Some exact constants for the approximation of the quantity in the Wallis' formula}, J. Inequal. Appl. 2013, \textbf{2013}:67, 7 pages; Available online at \url{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1029-242X-2013-67}''.
description: 6 pages
Evolution of Water Reservoirs on Mars: Constraints from Hydrogen Isotopes in Martian Meteorites
Creators: name: Kurokawa, Hiroyuki
name: Sato, Masahiko
name: Ushioda, Masashi
name: Matsuyama, Takeshi
name: Moriwaki, Ryota
name: Dohm, James M.
name: Usui, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Martian surface morphology implies that Mars was once warm enough to maintain persistent liquid water on its surface. While the high D/H ratios (~6 times the Earth's ocean water) of the current martian atmosphere suggest that significant water has been lost from the surface during martian history, the timing, processes, and the amount of the water loss have been poorly constrained. Recent technical developments of ion-microprobe analysis of martian meteorites have provided accurate estimation of hydrogen isotope compositions (D/H) of martian water reservoirs at the time when the meteorites formed. Based on the D/H data from the meteorites, this study demonstrates that the water loss during the pre-Noachian (>41-99 m global equivalent layers, GEL) was more significant than in the rest of martian history (>10-53 m GEL). Combining our results with geological and geomorphological evidence for ancient oceans, we propose that undetected subsurface water/ice (~100-1000 m GEL) should have existed, and it exceeds the observable present water inventory (~20-30 m GEL) on Mars.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Earth and Planetary Science Letters
GreenCourier: Carbon-Aware Scheduling for Serverless Functions
Creators: name: Chadha, Mohak
name: Subramanian, Thandayuthapani
name: Arima, Eishi
name: Gerndt, Michael
name: Schulz, Martin
name: Abboud, Osama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents GreenCourier, a novel scheduling framework that enables the runtime scheduling of serverless functions across geographically distributed regions based on their carbon efficiencies. Our framework incorporates an intelligent scheduling strategy for Kubernetes and supports Knative as the serverless platform. To obtain real-time carbon information for different geographical regions, our framework supports multiple marginal carbon emissions sources such as WattTime and the Carbon-aware SDK. We comprehensively evaluate the performance of our framework using the Google Kubernetes Engine and production serverless function traces for scheduling functions across Spain, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Results from our experiments show that compared to other approaches, GreenCourier reduces carbon emissions per function invocation by an average of 13.25%.
description: Accepted at the ACM 9th International Workshop on Serverless Computing (WoSC@Middleware'23)
Combined features in the primordial spectra induced by a sudden turn in two-field DBI inflation
Creators: name: Mizuno, Shuntaro
name: Saito, Ryo
name: Langlois, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the features generated by a sharp turn along the inflationary trajectory in a two-field model of Dirac-Born-Infeld inflation, where one of the fields is heavy. Distinct features are generated by two different effects: the mixing of the light and heavy modes during the turn, on the one hand, and the resonance between the oscillations along the heavy direction after the turn, on the other hand. Contrary to models with standard kinetic terms, the resonance effect is not strongly suppressed because the action contains derivative interactions. Working in the potential basis, we study the oscillations after the turn and compute the amplitude of the mixing and resonance features in the power spectrum, as well as in the bispectrum for the latter effect. We find that the amplitudes and positions of these combined features obey specific consistency relations, which could be confronted with cosmological data.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of No preference for direct versus averted gaze in autistic adults: a reinforced preferential looking paradigm
Creators: name: Clin, Elise
name: Maes, Pauline
name: Stercq, Fanny
name: Kissine, Mikhail
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary details on the structure of the French sentences used in the experiment and on the eye-tracking data correction.
The nucleon mass and pion-nucleon sigma term from a chiral analysis of Nf = 2+1 lattice QCD world data
Creators: name: Alvarez-Ruso, L.
name: Ledwig, T.
name: Martin-Camalich, J.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fits of the p^4 covariant SU(2) baryon chiral perturbation theory to lattice QCD nucleon mass data from several collaborations for 2 and 2+1 flavors are presented. We consider contributions from explicit Delta(1232) degrees of freedom, finite volume and finite spacing corrections. We emphasize here our Nf=2+1 study. We obtain low-energy constants of natural size that are compatible with the rather linear pion-mass dependence of the nucleon mass observed in lattice QCD. We report a value for the pion-nucleon sigma term of 41(5)(4) MeV for the 2 flavor case and 52(3)(8) MeV for 2+1 flavors.
description: Contribution to the NSTAR 2013 conference, 4 pages, 4 figures
Overview of LiLAS 2020 -- Living Labs for Academic Search
Creators: name: Schaer, Philipp
name: Schaible, Johann
name: Castro, Leyla Jael Garcia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Academic Search is a timeless challenge that the field of Information Retrieval has been dealing with for many years. Even today, the search for academic material is a broad field of research that recently started working on problems like the COVID-19 pandemic. However, test collections and specialized data sets like CORD-19 only allow for system-oriented experiments, while the evaluation of algorithms in real-world environments is only available to researchers from industry. In LiLAS, we open up two academic search platforms to allow participating research to evaluate their systems in a Docker-based research environment. This overview paper describes the motivation, infrastructure, and two systems LIVIVO and GESIS Search that are part of this CLEF lab.
description: Manuscript version of the CLEF 2020 proceedings paper
Additional file 1 of Clinical Ethics Committees in Africa: lost in the shadow of RECs/IRBs?
Creators: name: Keymanthri Moodley
name: Siti Mukaumbya Kabanda
name: Leza Soldaat
name: Kleinsmidt, Anita
name: Adetayo Emmanuel Obasa
name: Kling, Sharon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey instrument.