cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Current evidence on the impact of medication optimization or pharmacological interventions on frailty or aspects of frailty: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Pazan, Farhad
name: Petrovic, Mirko
name: Cherubini, Antonio
name: Onder, Graziano
name: Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J.
name: Denkinger, Michael
name: Van Der Cammen, Tischa J. M.
name: Stevenson, Jennifer M.
name: Ibrahim, Kinda
name: Rajkumar, Chakravarthi
name: Bakken, Marit Stordal
name: Baeyens, Jean-Pierre
name: Crome, Peter
name: Frühwald, Thomas
name: Gallaghar, Paul
name: Guðmundsson, Adalsteinn
name: Knol, Wilma
name: O’Mahony, Denis
name: Pilotto, Alberto
name: Rönnemaa, Elina
name: Serra-Rexach, José Antonio
name: Soulis, George
name: Van Marum, Rob J.
name: Ziere, Gijsbertus
name: Mair, Alpana
name: Burkhardt, Heinrich
name: Neumann-Podczaska, Agnieszka
name: Wieczorowska-Tobis, Katarzyna
name: Fernandes, Marilia Andreia
name: Gruner, Heidi
name: Dallmeier, Dhayana
name: Beuscart, Jean-Baptiste
name: Van Der Velde, Nathalie
name: Wehling, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Frailty
subject: Prefrailty
subject: Polypharmacy
subject: Medication optimization
subject: Inappropriate drug treatment
subject: Older people
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health

description: Abstract Background Frailty and adverse drug effects are linked in the fact that polypharmacy is correlated with the severity of frailty; however, a causal relation has not been proven in older people with clinically manifest frailty. Methods A literature search was performed in Medline to detect prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effects of pharmacological interventions or medication optimization in older frail adults on comprehensive frailty scores or partial aspects of frailty that were published from January 1998 to October 2019. Results Twenty-five studies were identified, 4 on comprehensive frailty scores and 21 on aspects of frailty. Two trials on comprehensive frailty scores showed positive results on frailty although the contribution of medication review in a multidimensional approach was unclear. In the studies on aspects related to frailty, ten individual drug interventions showed improvement in physical performance, muscle strength or body composition utilizing alfacalcidol, teriparatide, piroxicam, testosterone, recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin, or capromorelin. There were no studies examining negative effects of drugs on frailty. Conclusion So far, data on a causal relationship between drugs and frailty are inconclusive or related to single-drug interventions on partial aspects of frailty. There is a clear need for RCTs on this topic that should be based on a comprehensive, internationally consistent and thus reproducible concept of frailty assessment.
X-ray studies of the gamma-ray pulsar J1826-1256 and its pulsar wind nebula with Chandra and XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Karpova, A. V.
name: Zyuzin, D. A.
name: Shibanov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed archival XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of the gamma-ray radio-quiet pulsar J1826-1256 and its pulsar wind nebula. The pulsar spectrum can be described by a power-law model with a photon index $Γ\approx1$. We find that the nebular spectrum softens with increasing distance from the pulsar, implying synchrotron cooling. The empirical interstellar absorption-distance relation gives a distance of $\approx3.5$ kpc to J1826-1256. We also discuss the nebula geometry and association between the pulsar, the very high energy source HESS J1826-130, the supernova remnant candidate G18.45-0.42 and the open star cluster Bica 3.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Optimizing the downstream MVA pathway using a combination optimization strategy to increase lycopene yield in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Cheng, Tao
name: Wang, Lili
name: Sun, Chao
name: Xie, Congxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study. Figure S1. Ten colonies were randomly picked and analyzed by colony PCR to determine ratio of successfully assembled pHM-library, pMM-library, and pLM-library. M marker.
Lattice meets lattice: Application of lattice cubature to models in lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Hartung, Tobias
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Kuo, Frances Y.
name: Leövey, Hernan
name: Nuyens, Dirk
name: Sloan, Ian H.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: dimension: 3
lattice
lattice field theory
Fourier transformation
field theory
quantum mechanics
U(1)
Lattice cubature
Quasi-Monte Carlo
Recursive integration
Lattice gauge theory
Quantum physics

description: •Recursive integration strategies independent of the number of integration variables are proposed.•We show lattice based cubature methods that can improve certain integrals occurring in physics.•We show FFT based methods to efficiently calculate certain integrals occurring in physics. High dimensional integrals are abundant in many fields of research including quantum physics. The aim of this paper is to develop efficient recursive strategies to tackle a class of high dimensional integrals having a special product structure with low order couplings, motivated by models in lattice gauge theory from quantum field theory. A novel element of this work is the potential benefit in using lattice cubature rules. The group structure within lattice rules combined with the special structure in the physics integrands may allow efficient computations based on Fast Fourier Transforms. Applications to the quantum mechanical rotor and compact U(1) lattice gauge theory in two and three dimensions are considered.
MOESM6 of Unravelling the hybrid vigor in domestic equids: the effect of hybridization on bone shape variation and covariation
Creators: name: Hanot, Pauline
name: Herrel, Anthony
name: Guintard, Claude
name: RaphaĂŤl Cornette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 6. Graphical models of z-scores (effect size) of rPLS values obtained on the appendicular bones of hybrids, horses and donkeys (figure).
Correlators of open D-string theory from supergravity
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Somdatta
name: Roy, Shibaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a minimally coupled massless scalar propagating in the background of NS5-branes in the presence of a 2-form RR electric field. The supergravity solution also called the (NS5,D1) bound state in the appropriate decoupling limit is the holographic dual of Open D-string (OD1) theory. Using this information, we compute the two-point function of the operators in OD1 theory which couples to the massless string states such as the dilaton. We will indicate how to obtain the absorption cross-section of a scalar on NS5-branes (i.e. Little String Theory (LST)) obtained earlier, from our results in the low-energy limit.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, v2: Report No. added, to appear in PLB
Geometry and nonlinear analysis
Creators: name: Tian, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nonlinear analysis has played a prominent role in the recent developments in geometry and topology. The study of the Yang-Mills equation and its cousins gave rise to the Donaldson invariants and more recently, the Seiberg-Witten invariants. Those invariants have enabled us to prove a number of striking results for low dimensional manifolds, particularly, 4-manifolds. The theory of Gromov-Witten invariants was established by using solutions of the Cauchy-Riemann equation. These solutions are often refered as pseudo-holomorphic maps which are special minimal surfaces studied long in geometry. It is certainly not the end of applications of nonlinear partial differential equations to geometry. In this talk, we will discuss some recent progress on nonlinear partial differential equations in geometry. We will be selective, partly because of my own interest and partly because of recent applications of nonlinear equations. There are also talks in this ICM to cover some other topics of geometric analysis by R. Bartnik, B. Andrew, P. Li and X.X. Chen, etc.
Farm Income and Food Hub Participation: Farmer Attributes, Attitudes and Perceptions
Creators: name: Rimal, Arbindra
name: Muzinic, Jennifer
name: Onyango, Benjamin
name: Duitsman, Pam
name: Rimal, Arbindra
name: Muzinic, Jennifer
name: Onyango, Benjamin
name: Duitsman, Pam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food hub
subject: willingness to participate
subject: farmers’ attitude

description: This study evaluated the relationship between gross farm income and producers’ willingness to participate in a food hub. The preliminary findings of the study suggested that farm size based on gross farm income did not significantly affect farmers’ willingness and ability to be part of a local food hub. Irrespective of the farm income, connecting to local buyers was the main function of the hub desired by the producers. More than 60% of the producers expected to achieve broader market reach through the food hub.
Additional file 1: of Intraportally delivered stem cell spheroids localize in the liver and protect hepatocytes against GalN/LPS-induced fulminant hepatic toxicity
Creators: name: Regmi, Shobha
name: Pathak, Shiva
name: Thanh, Tung
name: Tiep Nguyen
name: Jong-Hyuk Sung
name: Simmyung Yook
name: Kim, Jong
name: Yong, Chul
name: Inho Choi
name: Kyoung-Oh Doh
name: Pil-Hoon Park
name: Jun-Beom Park
name: Yoojin Seo
name: Bieong-Kil Kim
name: Dong-Mok Lee
name: Ik-Jae Moon
name: Hyung-Sik Kim
name: Jee-Heon Jeong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Determination of lethal dose of GalN for the induction of FHF. The percentage survival of Balb/c nude mice after intraperitoneal injection of different doses of GalN (1000 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, and 3000 mg/kg) with 20 μg/kg LPS. Figure S2. Serum GOT and GPT level in normal mice before induction of FHF. Figure S3. Gross observation of the liver after 7 h of intraportal delivery of 2D-ADSC and 3D-ADSC1000. Massive infarction was observed throughout the liver after 2D-ADSC delivery. In contrast, minimal infarction was observed in the 3D-ADSC1000 delivered group (the arrows indicate the areas of the infarction). (DOCX 562 kb)
Identifying Novel Biomarkers Ready for Evaluation in Low-Prevalence Populations for the Early Detection of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Calanzani, Natalia
name: Druce, Paige E.
name: Snudden, Claudia
name: Milley, Kristi M.
name: Boscott, Rachel
name: Behiyat, Dawnya
name: Saji, Smiji
name: Martinez-Gutierrez, Javiera
name: Oberoi, Jasmeen
name: Funston, Garth
name: Messenger, Mike
name: Emery, Jon
name: Walter, Fiona M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Biomarkers
Clinical practice
Early detection
Primary care
Upper gastrointestinal cancers

description: Abstract: Introduction: Detecting upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in primary care is challenging, as cancer symptoms are common, often non-specific, and most patients presenting with these symptoms will not have cancer. Substantial investment has been made to develop biomarkers for cancer detection, but few have reached routine clinical practice. We aimed to identify novel biomarkers for upper GI cancers which have been sufficiently validated to be ready for evaluation in low-prevalence populations. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, and Web of Science for studies published in English from January 2000 to October 2019 (PROSPERO registration CRD42020165005). Reference lists of included studies were assessed. Studies had to report on second measures of diagnostic performance (beyond discovery phase) for biomarkers (single or in panels) used to detect pancreatic, oesophageal, gastric, and biliary tract cancers. We included all designs and excluded studies with less than 50 cases/controls. Data were extracted on types of biomarkers, populations and outcomes. Heterogeneity prevented pooling of outcomes. Results: We identified 149 eligible studies, involving 22,264 cancer cases and 49,474 controls. A total of 431 biomarkers were identified (183 microRNAs and other RNAs, 79 autoantibodies and other immunological markers, 119 other proteins, 36 metabolic markers, 6 circulating tumour DNA and 8 other). Over half (n = 231) were reported in pancreatic cancer studies. Only 35 biomarkers had been investigated in at least two studies, with reported outcomes for that individual marker for the same tumour type. Apolipoproteins (apoAII-AT and apoAII-ATQ), and pepsinogens (PGI and PGII) were the most promising biomarkers for pancreatic and gastric cancer, respectively. Conclusion: Most novel biomarkers for the early detection of upper GI cancers are still at an early stage of matureness. Further evidence is needed on biomarker performance in low-prevalence populations, in addition to implementation and health economic studies, before extensive adoption into clinical practice can be recommended.
Preferences for Meat Labeling in Taiwanese Traditional Markets: What do Consumers Want?
Creators: name: Yang, Shang-Ho
name: Monteiro, Diogo Souza
name: Chan, Mei-Yen
name: Woods, Timothy A.
name: Yang, Shang-Ho
name: Monteiro, Diogo Souza
name: Chan, Mei-Yen
name: Woods, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: growth hormone
subject: traceability
subject: nutrition label
subject: traditional markets
subject: willingness to pay

description: Traditional markets provide a daily market platform for the majority of Taiwanese consumers. Food safety issues occurring in recent years have challenged traditional markets and eroded consumers’ trust. This study investigates three types of meat product information: growth hormone, traceability, and nutrition labels, in a study designed to elicit how likely consumers at traditional markets are willing to pay for additional product information. Results show that younger females with higher education have a positive willingness to pay (WTP) for food safety related information, i.e., traceability and growth hormone. Implications from this study suggest that providing related information to ease the concerns of food-safety issues is a necessary strategy for traditional markets.
MOESM5 of Unravelling the hybrid vigor in domestic equids: the effect of hybridization on bone shape variation and covariation
Creators: name: Hanot, Pauline
name: Herrel, Anthony
name: Guintard, Claude
name: RaphaĂŤl Cornette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5 P-values and coefficient of determination of the multivariate regressions of shape variables on the log10-transformed centroid sizes (table).
Economic Importance of Local Food Markets: Evidence from the Literature
Creators: name: Ekanem, Enefiok
name: Mafuyai, Mary
name: Clardy, Arvazena
name: Ekanem, Enefiok
name: Mafuyai, Mary
name: Clardy, Arvazena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: local food
subject: food markets
subject: farmers’ markets
subject: food banks/stores
subject: rural economies

description: In recent years, the demand for local food by consumers has grown significantly. The Direct-to-consumer marketing of local foods grossed $4.8 billion in 2008. Many studies have addressed purchases of local food directly from producers in the southeastern region of the United States. Many of these studies show that consumers of local foods are willing to pay premiums for local foods. Data from the 2012 US Census of Agriculture shows that, on average, direct-to-consumer food sales accounted for 5.5% of all farm sales. The goal of this paper is to enhance awareness of the growing demand for local foods. Specific objective is to discuss the contributions of local food markets to the economy. Secondary data from existing research and the Census of Agriculture were used in summarizing information presented in this paper. Evidence from literature reviewed shows that local markets have positive impacts on the local economy.
The binding dynamics of tropomyosin on actin
Creators: name: Vilfan, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We discuss a theoretical model for the cooperative binding dynamics of tropomyosin to actin filaments. Tropomyosin binds to actin by occupying seven consecutive monomers. The model includes a strong attraction between attached tropomyosin molecules. We start with an empty lattice and show that the binding goes through several stages. The first stage represents fast initial binding and leaves many small vacancies between blocks of bound molecules. In the second stage the vacancies annihilate slowly as tropomyosin molecules detach and re-attach. Finally the system approaches equilibrium. Using a grain-growth model and a diffusion-coagulation model we give analytical approximations for the vacancy density in all regimes.
description: REVTeX, 10 pages, 9 figures; to appear in Biophysical Journal; minor corrections
The Long Term Peak Load Problem in Grain Storage
Creators: name: Brennan, D.
name: Lindner, R.
name: Brennan, D.
name: Lindner, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Fluctuating annual harvest volumes create a peak load problem in the provision of grain storage capacity. There are a number of technologies for handling and storing grain, ranging from capital intensive to labour intensive. Optimal provision of grain storage capacity can therefore be analysed in the framework of the conventional peak load pricing model. A revised version of the peak load pricing model, with specific. application to investment in centralised grain storage capacity, is presented. The implications of economies of scale in the capital intensive storage technologies, and of the availability of low cost options to central storage are discussed.
Nutritional support for children during critical illness: European Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) metabolism, endocrine and nutrition section position statement and clinical recommendations
Creators: name: Tume, Lyvonne N.
name: Valla, Frederic V.
name: Joosten, Koen
name: Jotterand Chaparro, Corinne
name: Latten, Lynne
name: Marino, Luise V.
name: Macleod, Isobel
name: Moullet, Clémence
name: Pathan, Nazima
name: Rooze, Shancy
name: Van Rosmalen, Joost
name: Verbruggen, Sascha C. A. T.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Expert Statement
Enteral nutrition
Parenteral nutrition
Child
Paediatric
Intensive care
Guidelines

description: Abstract: Background: Nutritional support is considered essential for the outcome of paediatric critical illness. There is a lack of methodologically sound trials to provide evidence-based guidelines leading to diverse practices in PICUs worldwide. Acknowledging these limitations, we aimed to summarize the available literature and provide practical guidance for the paediatric critical care clinicians around important clinical questions many of which are not covered by previous guidelines. Objective: To provide an ESPNIC position statement and make clinical recommendations for the assessment and nutritional support in critically ill infants and children. Design: The metabolism, endocrine and nutrition (MEN) section of the European Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) generated 15 clinical questions regarding different aspects of nutrition in critically ill children. After a systematic literature search, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) grading system was applied to assess the quality of the evidence, conducting meta-analyses where possible, to generate statements and clinical recommendations, which were then voted on electronically. Strong consensus (> 95% agreement) and consensus (> 75% agreement) on these statements and recommendations was measured through modified Delphi voting rounds. Results: The final 15 clinical questions generated a total of 7261 abstracts, of which 142 publications were identified relevant to develop 32 recommendations. A strong consensus was reached in 21 (66%) and consensus was reached in 11 (34%) of the recommendations. Only 11 meta-analyses could be performed on 5 questions. Conclusions: We present a position statement and clinical practice recommendations. The general level of evidence of the available literature was low. We have summarised this and provided a practical guidance for the paediatric critical care clinicians around important clinical questions.
Generalized Supersymmetries and Composite Structure in M-Theory
Creators: name: Lukierski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe generalized D=11 Poincaré and conformal supersymmetries. The corresponding generalization of twistor and supertwistor framework is outlined with $OSp(1|64)$ superspinors describing BPS preons. The $\frac{k}{32}$ BPS states as composed out of $n=32 - k$ preons are introduced, and basic ideas concerning BPS preon dynamics is presented. The lecture is based on results obtained by J.A. de Azcarraga, I. Bandos, J.M. Izquierdo and the author$^1$.
description: LaTeX, 7pages. Talk presented at the XVI-th Max Born Symposium ,,Supersymmetries and Quantum Symmetries `01" (21-25.09.2001, Karpacz, Poland) and International Nankai Symposium (8-11.10.2001, Tianjin, China). To be published in the Proceedings of Nankai Symposium, Ed. Ge Mo-Lin and J. Park, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
title: Ethical Transhumanism: How can a nudge approach to public health make human enhancement more ethical?
Creators: name: Robinson, Alexandra Jane
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Transhumanism at once embodies our most modern thinking and our biggest longstanding problems. Transhumanism aims to enhance human core capacities: health-span, lifespan, and cognition. The thesis answers the following ethical challenges arising from transhumanist aims. First, whether transhumanism can be an ethical endeavour if it relies on authoritarian intervention by governments and governing bodies to change, generate and enforce behaviour, or to influence and enforce the uptake of medical procedures. Second, the thesis answers the challenge that it is unethical deliberately to encourage the uptake of and pursuit of medical transhumanism given the extent of accessibility and distributive issues that remain unresolved in existing medicine. Finally, the thesis addresses a particular mental health crisis that is often predicted for transhuman beings, namely loss of meaning from loss of death and vulnerability, resulting in widespread loss of social cohesion. The thesis argues that the right solution to the first two problems is a libertarian paternalist approach, viz. nudging, and that this approach will also neutralise the risk of widespread and inevitable boredom or alienation that might otherwise result from the widespread introduction of human enhancement if people are nudged to engage more and more reflectively in their enhancement choices. Additionally, lifestyle issues like obesity, heart disease, cancers, and inaccessibility of vaccines and birth control pose unresolved problems for existing general medicine, killing millions every year worldwide. As a result, another serious challenge for enhancement medicine, which I propose would be addressed by the nudge approach, is to justify its place in the professional domain of medicine.
An Analysis of Retail Milk Pricing in the Eastern United States
Creators: name: Bolotova, Yuliya V.
name: Novakovic, Andrew M.
name: Bolotova, Yuliya V.
name: Novakovic, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: milk pricing
subject: margins
subject: market power
subject: price regulations

description: An analysis presented in the article evaluates the behavior of retail fluid milk prices, farm-level milk prices and farm-to-retail margins during the period of 2000-2010 in six cities located in the Eastern United States: Boston, MA; Syracuse, NY; Philadelphia, PA; Louisville, KY; Atlanta, GA; and Miami, FL. The empirical evidence presented in the article supports empirical findings reported in the existing literature: retail fluid milk prices tend to increase at a higher rate than farm-level milk prices and there is a presence of asymmetries in the farm-to-retail price transmission process. Furthermore, there is empirical evidence that may suggest that the patterns of behavior of fluid milk prices and farm-to-retail margins are different in the states with resale milk price control regulations (New York State and Pennsylvania) and states without resale milk price control regulations. In the former case, the pattern of changes in retail fluid milk prices is similar to the pattern of changes in farm-level milk prices. In the latter case, changes in the retail fluid milk prices do not necessarily reflect changes in the farm-level milk prices, which often causes farm-to-retail margin to increase.
Rehabilitation of Degraded Rangeland Under Optimal Management Decisions
Creators: name: Wang, K.
name: Lindner, R.K.
name: Wang, K.
name: Lindner, R.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Rangeland in the arid zone of Western Australia has been degraded by sheep overstocking. The strategies available for restoring the productivity of degraded rangelands are limited. In those situations where there is still reasonable residual soil and vegetation despite moderate erosion and depletion of palatable forage plants, rehabilitation through manipulation of grazing pressure is possible. In extreme situations where there has been severe depletion of palatable perennial plants coupled with advanced soil erosion, reclamation is unlikely to succeed without various forms of cultivation or earthworks, associated with the re-introduction of a suitable seed source. Optimal range rehabilitation policies need to be discovered to restore this resource base for future use. In this paper optimal economic policies with respect to the choice of stocking rates and the timing of soil cultivation and reseeding were derived for various starting states under a stochastic optimal control framework. Evaluation of these optimal policies was carried out by analysing their long run economic and ecological impacts. All optimal policies call for a strategy of grazing management only. Even for severely degraded range, the reseeding policy is not economically viable at current cost levels. More generally, rehabilitation for moderately degraded ranges is possible if there are sufficient seedlings available, while for severely degraded ranges reclamation cannot be justified by future returns from woolgrowing, so further degradation is to be expected if this range continues to be exploited for private profit.
The effects of reforming a federal employment agency on labor demand
Creators: name: Kraft, Kornelius
name: Lammers, Alexander
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hartz III reform
subject: difference-in-differences
subject: employment growth
subject: matching efficiency
subject: Federal Employment Agency
subject: 310
subject: 330
subject: 620

description: In this paper we report the results of an empirical study on the employment growth effects of a policy intervention, explicitly aimed at increasing placement efficiency of the Federal Employment Agency in Germany. We use the Hartz III reform in the year 2004 as an exogenous intervention that improves the matching process and compare establishments that use the services of the Federal Employment Agency with establishments that do not use the placement services. Using detailed German establishment level data, our difference-in-differences estimates reveal an increase in employment growth among those firms that use the agency for their recruitment activities compared to non-user firms. After the Hartz III reform was in place, establishments using the agency grew roughly two percentage points faster in terms of employment relative to non-users and those establishments achieve an increase in the proportion of hires. We provide several robustness tests using for example inverse-probability weighting to additionally account for differences in observable characteristics. Our paper highlights the importance of the placement service on the labor demand side, in particular on the so far overlooked establishment level.
description: Discussion Paper / SFB823;28/2019
Beyond $\underTildeΣ^2_1$ absoluteness
Creators: name: Woodin, W. Hugh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E45, 03E55, 03E10,04A10, 04A13

description: There have been many generalizations of Shoenfield's Theorem on the absoluteness of $Σ^1_2$ sentences between uncountable transitive models of $\mathrm{ZFC}$. One of the strongest versions currently known deals with $Σ^2_1$ absoluteness conditioned on $\mathrm{CH}$. For a variety of reasons, from the study of inner models and from simply combinatorial set theory, the question of whether conditional $Σ^2_2$ absoluteness is possible at all, and if so, what large cardinal assumptions are involved and what sentence(s) might play the role of $\mathrm{CH}$, are fundamental questions. This article investigates the possiblities for $Σ^2_2$ absoluteness by extending the connections between determinacy hypotheses and absoluteness hypotheses.
MOESM1 of Combination of light-driven co-delivery of chemodrugs and plasmonic-induced heat for cancer therapeutics using hybrid protein nanocapsules
Creators: name: E. Villar-Alvarez
name: A. Cambón
name: A. Pardo
name: L. Arellano
name: A. Marcos
name: B. Pelaz
name: P. Pino
name: A. Bouzas Mosquera
name: V. Mosquera
name: A. Almodlej
name: G. Prieto
name: S. Barbosa
name: P. Taboada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Description of gold nanorod synthesis; procedure for dynamic light scattering and ζ-potential measurements; absorbance spectra of the different nanoplatform components; DTX loading and encapsulation data inside the hybrid nanoplatform; size and ζ-potentials of HSA and HSA/CS NPs encapsulating DTX; absorbance spectra of PSS-coated, PSS/DOXO-coated GNRs and DTX + PSS/DOXO-coated GNRs encapsulated inside HSA/CS NPs; additional fluorescence microscopy images of PSS/DOXO-coated GNRs@HSA/CS NPs; chemotherapeutic effect of DOXO administered as free drug, and of PSS-coated GNRs@HSA/CS and PSS/DOXO-coated GNRs@HSA/CS NPs; and combination indices. Additional details on GNR synthesis, DLS and ζ-potential data, GNR characterization and cargo encapsulation, and additional figures.
An environmentally benign synthesis of Tetrabutylphosphonium tribromide (TBPTB) – a versatile and efficient phase transfer reagent for organic transformations
Creators: name: Visekhonuo Kuotsu
name: Vevosa Nakro
name: Imkong Yanger
name: Tsenbeni N. Lotha
name: Ketiyala Tzudir
name: Upasana Bora Sinha
name: Latonglila Jamir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Tetrabutylphosphonium tribromide (TBPTB), a mild and versatile reagent, has been synthesized following an environmentally benign protocol. The new reagent possesses inherent phase transfer properties which facilitates organic reactions in aqueous medium. Thermal stability of the reagent which enables organic reactions under microwave irradiation and recyclability of the spent reagent are special attributes of the new reagent. These properties collectively provide an opportunity for facile, practical, and eco-friendly synthesis of a wide range of pharmaceutically significant and specialty organic compounds such as bromo-organics, isothiocyanates, cyanamides and 2-aminobenzothiazoles in excellent yields on-water under microwave irradiation.
Towards a Decision Support System for Economic Evaluation of Agricultural Research
Creators: name: Pannell, D.J.
name: Pannell, D.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Estimation of on-farm benefits is highlighted as a critical but complex issue in research evaluation. We identify many different potential impacts of research, many of which• do not fit into the standard supply-shift framework for research evaluation. Given the difficulty and complexity of benefit estimation, we see a renewed role for farm-level economic models (such as whole-farm linear programming model) in this area. The benefits of undertaking a more sophisticated and detailed analysis to estimate research benefits include not just greater accuracy but also greater credibility with researchers and greater relevance through representing factors which they perceive to be important. We discuss how, if such respect is engendered, a formal research evaluation this can yield additional benefits by improving the design and conduct of research.
Agabus puetzi Fery 2011, sp. n.
Creators: name: Fery, Hans
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dytiscidae
Agabus
Agabus puetzi

description: A. puetzi sp. n. ; PL (Fig. 31)
 A. setulosus (J. Sahlberg, 1895); PL (Fig. 32)
 A. slovzovi (J. Sahlberg, 1880); PL (Fig. 33)
 A. suoduogangi Šťastný & Nilsson, 2003 PL (Fig. 34)
 A. thomsoni (J. Sahlberg, 1871); NA/PL (Fig. 35)
 A. tibetanus Zaitzev, 1908; PL (Fig. 36)
 A. turcmenus Guignot, 1957; PL (Fig. 37)
 A. zetterstedti Thomson, 1856; NA/PL (Fig. 38a, b)
  Agabus n. sp.  (from China, to be described by J. Šťastný) (Fig. 39)
description: Published as part of Fery, Hans, 2011, Agabus (Acatodes) puetzi sp. n., a new species of the confinis-group from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Agabini), pp. 37-54 in Zootaxa 3050 on page 54
Locally stationary multiplicative volatility modelling
Creators: name: Walsh, Christopher
name: Vogt, Michael
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: smooth backfitting
subject: GARCH
subject: multiplicative volatility
subject: local stationarity
subject: semiparametric
subject: 310
subject: 330
subject: 620

description: In this paper, we study a semiparametric multiplicative volatility model, which splits up into a nonparametric part and a parametric GARCH component. The nonparametric part is modelled as a product of a deterministic time trend com- ponent and of further components that depend on stochastic regressors. We propose a two-step procedure to estimate the model. To estimate the nonpara- metric components, we transform the model in order to apply the backfitting procedure used in Vogt and Walsh (2019). The GARCH parameters are esti- mated in a second step via quasi maximum likelihood. We show consistency and asymptotic normality of our estimators. Our results are obtained using mixing properties and local stationarity. We illustrate our method using finan- cial data. Finally, a small simulation study illustrates a substantial bias in the GARCH parameter estimates when omitting the stochastic regressors.
description: Discussion Paper / SFB823;11/2021
First principle derivation of semiclassical force for electroweak baryogenesis
Creators: name: Kainulainen, Kimmo
name: Prokopec, Tomislav
name: Schmidt, Michael G.
name: Weinstock, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic gradient expansion on kinetic equations and derive the CP-violating semiclassical force for fermions propagating in presence of a CP-violating wall at a first order electroweak phase transition. The force appears at order h-bar in the flow term of the kinetic equation and agrees with the semiclassical force used for baryogenesis computations. In particular we consider the force for charginos in both the MSSM and NMSSM. We then study the continuity equations for the vector and axial vector currents and stress the role of the latter as the one containing baryogenesis sources. We also show that there is no CP-violating force for bosons to order h-bar in gradient expansion.
description: 32 pages, the version published in JHEP
MOESM3 of Unravelling the hybrid vigor in domestic equids: the effect of hybridization on bone shape variation and covariation
Creators: name: Hanot, Pauline
name: Herrel, Anthony
name: Guintard, Claude
name: RaphaĂŤl Cornette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3. Scatter plot of the two first PCs of the PCA performed on the shape data of the coxal bone of females and males (figure); Percentage of transgression and closeness to parent species of hybrids (table).
MOESM1 of Lymph node ratio as valuable predictor in pancreatic cancer treated with R0 resection and adjuvant treatment
Creators: name: You, Min
name: Lee, Sang
name: Choi, Young
name: Bang-Sup Shin
name: Paik, Woo
name: Ryu, Ji
name: Kim, Yong-Tae
name: Jang, Dong
name: Lee, Jun
name: Wooil Kwon
name: Jang, Jin-Young
name: Sun-Whe Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed data regarding adjuvant treatment.
Fracture behavior of high-strength bolts and connections in the whole process of fire
Creators: name: Chen, Qiao
name: Jiang, Jian
name: Chen, Wei
name: Ye, Jihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400507
subject: Fire safety engineering
classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering

description: High-strength bolts have been widely used in steel bolted connections, and fire-induced high temperatures will affect its basic mechanical properties and fracture behavior, leading to failure of the connection and even collapse of the overall structure. Tensile experiments are conducted on Grade 10.9 high-strength bolts to investigate the effect of stress triaxiality and heating history on their mechanical and fracture properties in the whole process of fire. The true stress-strain curves are obtained to determine the material properties. The SMCS fracture model is calibrated based on test results, and parametric studies are conducted on fracture performance of T-stub connections in fire. The experimental results show that the SMCS model can effectively predict the fracture behavior of Grade 10.9 high-strength bolts for a stress triaxiality range of 0.3 to 1.2. There are three failure modes of T-stub connections under different temperature histories: yield fracture of flange plate, simultaneous yield fracture of flange plate and bolt, and yield fracture of bolt.
Neutrino masses: hierarchy without hierarchy
Creators: name: Jezabek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large hierarchy of the Dirac masses can result in a small hierarchy for the low energy masses of the active neutrinos. This can happen even if the Majorana masses of right-handed neutrinos are all equal. A realistic description of the observed neutrino masses and mixing can be obtained starting from a large hierarchy in the Dirac masses. A large mixing for solar neutrinos results from the neutrino sector. The small value of the MNS matrix element U_e3 is a natural consequence of the scheme. The masses of the two lighter neutrinos are related to the solar neutrino mixing angle: mu_1/mu_2 = tan^2 theta_sol.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Dedicated to Stefan Pokorski on his 60th birthday. To appear in Acta Physica Polonica B
Multi-Terminal Superconducting Phase Qubit
Creators: name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Omelyanchouk, A. N.
name: Blais, A.
name: Brink, A. Maassen van den
name: Rose, G.
name: Duty, T.
name: Zagoskin, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mesoscopic multi-terminal Josephson junctions are novel devices that provide weak coupling between several bulk superconductors through a common normal layer. Because of the nonlocal coupling of the superconducting banks, a current flow between two of the terminals can induce a phase difference and/or current flow in the other terminals. This "phase dragging" effect is used in designing a new type of superconducting phase qubit, the basic element of a quantum computer. Time-reversal symmetry breaking can be achieved by inserting a pi-phase shifter into the flux loop. Logical operations are done by applying currents. This removes the necessity for local external magnetic fields to achieve bistability or controllable operations.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Conservation Reserve Program May Be Good for the Environment, Farms, and Rural Communities
Creators: name: Siegel, Paul B.
name: Johnson, Thomas G.
name: Siegel, Paul B.
name: Johnson, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: Farmers who participate in the Conservation Reserve Program (a voluntary program that removes highly erodible cropland from production) may be able to supplement their annual government payment by renting out their land to hunters, fishers, birdwatchers, or wildlife photographers. Those recreational activities may boost income and employment in the larger region by raising retail spending in nearby towns. And society still benefits from reduced soil erosion, reduced stream sedimentation, and enhanced wildlife habitat.
MOESM4 of Unravelling the hybrid vigor in domestic equids: the effect of hybridization on bone shape variation and covariation
Creators: name: Hanot, Pauline
name: Herrel, Anthony
name: Guintard, Claude
name: RaphaĂŤl Cornette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4. Scatter plot of the two first PCs of the PCA performed on the shape data (figure).
Uncertainties on Parton Related Quantities
Creators: name: Thorne, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the issue of uncertainties in parton distributions and in the physical quantities which are determined in terms of them. While there has been significant progress on the uncertainties associated with errors on experimental data, there are still outstanding questions. Also, I demonstrate that in many circumstances this source of errors may be less important than errors due to underlying assumptions in the fitting procedure and due to the incomplete nature of the theoretical calculations.
description: Invited talk at the Conference on Advanced Statistical Techniques in Particle Physics, March 18th-22nd 2002, Durham, UK. 10 pages, 9 figures as .eps files, uses cernrep.cls
The Domain of Population Dynamics and Production Economcis in Fisheries Management Research
Creators: name: Sokoloski, A.A.
name: Crutchfield, J.A.
name: Sokoloski, A.A.
name: Crutchfield, J.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Financial Economics
Production Economics

description: With growing conceptual acceptability of fishery management techniques which advocate the reduction in the number of units of effort applied to overexploited and/or overcapitalized fisheries it is increasingly necessary that some readily usable measures be developed whihc may serve all those involved in fishery management and supporting research. Toward this end this paper examines the foundations of measures of fishing effort and fishing power as conceived within the domains of population dynamics and production economics. The degree to whiche ach discipline generates different and mutually exclusive measures is examined, along with an attempt to delineate a separate and distinct role for each discipline within the overall process of generating supporting information needed in all generalized fishery management plan.