cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of physical readiness levels for professional activity of employees of the national police of Ukraine
Creators: name: Didovskyi, Volodymyr
name: Kuzenkov, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 480705
subject: Military law and justice

description: Modern stage of society development requires the innovative approaches to educational table updating, that is necessary condition for the purposeful training of the specialists with the sufficient level of readiness to the effective professional activity. In the article the essence of concept “readiness” was exposed. Necessity of determination of components of personal readiness to different activity, their value for increasing level of domain specific skills and abilities were argued. The basic levels of physical readiness to professional activity employees of the National Police of Ukraine.
Additional file 2 of Clustering of chronic hepatitis B screening intentions in social networks of Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Hamdiui, Nora
name: Buskens, Vincent
name: Steenbergen, Jim E. Van
name: Kretzschmar, Mirjam E. E.
name: Rocha, Luis E. C.
name: Thorson, Anna E.
name: Timen, Aura
name: Wong, Albert
name: Muijsenbergh, Maria Van Den
name: Stein, Mart L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Overview of variables measured by the questionnaire. Table S2. Logistic regression analyses of having the same screening intention (‘Intention 70’) in relation to having a tie. Table S3. Sample characteristics for pairs with a discordant, positive, and negative screening intention. Table S4. Logistic regression analyses of having the same positive screening intention (‘Intention request’) in relation to having a tie. Table S5. Logistic regression analyses of having the same negative screening intention (‘Intention request’) in relation to having a tie. Figure S1. The geographical distribution of our participants [56]
Comparing Traditional and LLM-based Search for Image Geolocation
Creators: name: Wazzan, Albatool
name: MacNeil, Stephen
name: Souvenir, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Web search engines have long served as indispensable tools for information retrieval; user behavior and query formulation strategies have been well studied. The introduction of search engines powered by large language models (LLMs) suggested more conversational search and new types of query strategies. In this paper, we compare traditional and LLM-based search for the task of image geolocation, i.e., determining the location where an image was captured. Our work examines user interactions, with a particular focus on query formulation strategies. In our study, 60 participants were assigned either traditional or LLM-based search engines as assistants for geolocation. Participants using traditional search more accurately predicted the location of the image compared to those using the LLM-based search. Distinct strategies emerged between users depending on the type of assistant. Participants using the LLM-based search issued longer, more natural language queries, but had shorter search sessions. When reformulating their search queries, traditional search participants tended to add more terms to their initial queries, whereas participants using the LLM-based search consistently rephrased their initial queries.
Fitness-dependent topological properties of the World Trade Web
Creators: name: Garlaschelli, D.
name: Loffredo, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Among the proposed network models, the hidden variable (or good get richer) one is particularly interesting, even if an explicit empirical test of its hypotheses has not yet been performed on a real network. Here we provide the first empirical test of this mechanism on the world trade web, the network defined by the trade relationships between world countries. We find that the power-law distributed gross domestic product can be successfully identified with the hidden variable (or fitness) determining the topology of the world trade web: all previously studied properties up to third-order correlation structure (degree distribution, degree correlations and hierarchy) are found to be in excellent agreement with the predictions of the model. The choice of the connection probability is such that all realizations of the network with the same degree sequence are equiprobable.
description: 4 Pages, 4 Figures. Final version accepted for publication on Physical Review Letters
Anthophora (Lophanthophora) dammersi Timberlake 1937
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Anthophora
Anthophora dammersi

description: Anthophora (Lophanthophora) dammersi Timberlake, 1937 **
[Holotype: AMNH; ♀ Cajon Canyon, at elevation of about 1067 mts, San Bernardino Co., California, USA; February 28, 1936]
This species represents a new species record for Mexico. During our study, the BBPT collected one male in the Coastal Sage Matorral in April 2023 along the road from San Telmo to San Pedro Mártir National Park. See fig. 71.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
New Regularity Criteria for Weak Solutions to the MHD Equations in Terms of an Associated Pressure
Creators: name: Neustupa, Jiri
name: Yang, Minsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35

description: We prove that if $00$, where $\mathcal{F}_γ(s)=s\, [\ln{}(1+ s)]^{1+γ}$ and the subscripts "$-$" and "$+$" denote the negative and the nonnegative part, respectively, then the solution $(\mathbf{u},\mathbf{b},p)$ has no singular points in $\mathbb{R}^3\times(0,T_0]$.
Son to Father Reciprocity and Encephalization in Early Humans
Creators: name: Hartwick, John M.
name: Hartwick, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: reciprocity
subject: encephalization
subject: intertemporal divisions of labor

description: Humans exhibit much more sharing of food harvested by prime- age hunter-gatherers with dependents relative to such sharing by lower-order primates. We investigate this behavior in a model in which a father provides generously to his dependent child-son in period t in the hope that this gesture will inspire his son to recip- rocate in the next period when the father is in "retirement". In our formulation fathers provide better when (a) they are smarter hunters (b) they have a higher probability of living to experience a "retirement" and (c) when they are more con dent that their child-sons will indeed provide generously for them in their "retire- ment". Better food provision by prime-age fathers is associated with brain-size expansion in our model.
Nearly Efficient Likelihood Ratio Tests for Seasonal Unit Roots
Creators: name: Jansson, Michael
name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
name: Jansson, Michael
name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: In an important generalization of zero frequency autoregressive unit root tests, Hylleberg, Engle, Granger & Yoo (1990) developed regression-based tests for unit roots at the seasonal frequencies in quarterly time series. We develop likelihood ratio tests for seasonal unit roots and show that these tests are “nearly efficient” in the sense of Elliott, Rothenberg & Stock (1996), i.e. that their asymptotic local power functions are indistinguishable from the Gaussian power envelope. Nearly efficient testing procedures for seasonal unit roots have been developed, including point optimal tests based on the Neyman- Pearson Lemma as well as regression-based tests, e.g. Rodrigues & Taylor (2007). However, both require the choice of a GLS detrending parameter, which our likelihood ratio tests do not.
Advantages of a curved image plate for rapid laboratory-based X-ray total scattering measurements
Creators: name: Irving, Daniel
name: Light, Mark E
name: Keen, David A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30605 Solution Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30105 Instrumental Methods (excl. Immunological and Bioassay Methods)

description: Poster presented at the BCA Spring Meeting 2021.
Race in context: Does familiarity breed amity or contempt?
Creators: name: Metelko, Alan Richard
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The research question addressed here is what the impact of proportion black in a given contextual unit is on white racial attitudes and policies preferences concerning black Americans. The data used is the 1992 American National Election Study merged with the 1990 United States Census. The first issue addressed is the conceptualization and measurement of racial attitudes and policy opinions. Traditional indices purporting to measure symbolic racism are criticized for their lack of precision and their tendency to politicize the study of white racial attitudes. Alternative measures of cognitive and affective attitudes toward blacks are then presented. The next issue addressed is the construction of an individual-level model of white policy opinions concerning black Americans. An attempt is made to include variables testing symbolic racism theory, group position theory, and principled politics theory all in the same model. While none of the theories are rejected, the evidence presented indicates that white racial policy opinions are largely determined by a combination of racial attitudes and commitment to traditional American values such as egalitarianism, moralism, and individualism. This finding is most consistent with symbolic racism theory. The next task is to investigate the effect of proportion black in a given contextual unit on white racial attitudes. Higher proportions of blacks in a census tract are found to predict improved white affect toward blacks, but only if other whites in the census tract are above a certain minimal level of education. This finding is consistent with earlier experimental studies indicating that interracial contact improves attitudes only under certain favorable conditions. At the county level, higher proportions of blacks are found to predict more negative white cognitive evaluations of blacks, which is consistent with the racial threat hypothesis. The final issue addressed by this research is the effect of proportion black on white racial policy opinions. The only evidence of such an effect is the case where higher proportions of blacks in the county are found to predict greater white opposition to school integration. This suggests that whites racial policy preferences are motivated more by a desire for avoidance rather than social dominance.
Additional file 5 of Neocortical tissue recovery in severe congenital obstructive hydrocephalus after intraventricular administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Creators: name: García-Bonilla, María
name: Betsaida Ojeda-Pérez
name: García-Martín, María L.
name: M. Carmen Muñoz-Hernández
name: Vitorica, Javier
name: Jiménez, Sebastián
name: Cifuentes, Manuel
name: Santos-Ruíz, Leonor
name: Shumilov, Kirill
name: Claros, Silvia
name: Gutiérrez, Antonia
name: Páez-González, Patricia
name: Jiménez, Antonio J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5. : Mass spectrometry analysis of the BM-MSC secretome under TNFα stimulation. Sum PEP Score corresponds to the score calculated on the basis of the posterior error probability (PEP) values of the peptide spectrum matches (PSM). Sum PEP Score indicates the probability that an observed PSM is incorrect. Molecular weights (MW) of the proteins are shown. Number of peptides and percentage of the identified proteins are indicated.
Finite Sample Accuracy of Integrated Volatility Estimators
Creators: name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
name: Houmann Frederiksen, Per
name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
name: Houmann Frederiksen, Per
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Bid-ask bounce
subject: finite sample bias
subject: integrated volatility
subject: long memory
subject: market microstructure
subject: Monte Carlo simulation
subject: realized volatility
subject: wavelet

description: We consider the properties of three estimation methods for integrated volatility, i.e. realized volatility, the Fourier estimator, and the wavelet estimator, when a typical sample of high-frequency data is observed. We employ several different generating mechanisms for the instantaneous volatility process, e.g. Ornstein-Uhlenbeck, long memory, and jump processes. The possibility of market microstructure contamination is also entertained using a model with bid-ask bounce in which case alternative estimators with theoretical justification under market microstructure noise are also examined. The estimation methods are compared in a simulation study which reveals a general robustness towards persistence or jumps in the latent stochastic volatility process. However, bid-ask bounce effects render realized volatility and especially the wavelet estimator less useful in practice, whereas the Fourier method remains useful and is superior to the other two estimators in that case. More strikingly, even compared to bias correction methods for microstructure noise, the Fourier method is superior with respect to RMSE while having only slightly higher bias.
On the dependence of the Navier Stokes equations on the distribution of moleular velocities
Creators: name: Love, Peter J.
name: Boghosian, Bruce M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce a completely general Chapman Enskog procedure in which we divide the local distribution into an isotropic distribution with anisotropic corrections. We obtain a recursion relation on all integrals of the distribution function required in the derivation of the moment equations. We obtain the hydrodynamic equations in terms only of the first few moments of the isotropic part of an arbitrary local distribution function. The incompressible limit of the equations is completely independent of the form of the isotropic part of the distribution, whereas the energy equation in the compressible case contains an additional contribution to the heat flux. This additional term was also found by Boghosian and by Potiguar and Costa in the derivation of the Navier Stokes equations for Tsallis thermostatistics, and is the only additional term allowed by the Curie principle.
Directional Locking Effects and Dynamics for Particles Driven Through a Colloidal Lattice
Creators: name: Reichhardt, C.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of a single colloidal particle driven through a colloidal lattice which can distort in response to the driven particle. We find a remarkably rich variety of dynamical locking phenomena as we vary the angle of the applied drive with respect to the orientation of the colloidal lattice. When the driven colloid locks to certain lattice symmetry directions, its motion is not necessarily aligned with the drive. Applying a transverse force to the driven particle can result in either increased or decreased drag in the driving direction, depending on the angle of the drive. The dynamical locking produces anomalies in both the longitudinal and the transverse velocity vs driving force curves, including steps and regimes of negative differential resistance. As the interaction of the driven particle with the surrounding lattice increases, significant distortion or dislocations in the surrounding media occur, and as a result the directional locking is enhanced. We compare these results to those obtained for driving particles over fixed substrates, and show that a far richer variety of behaviors occurs when the underlying lattice is allowed to distort. We discuss how this system can be used for particle species segregation when the onset of different locking angles occurs at different drives for varied particle sizes. We also show that the most pronounced locking phases should be observable at temperatures up to the melting transition of the colloidal lattice.
description: 12 pages, 17 postscript figures
Fully Modified Narrow-Band Least Squares Estimation of Weak Fractional Cointegration
Creators: name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
name: Frederiksen, Per
name: Orregaard Nielsen, Morten
name: Frederiksen, Per
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Fractional cointegration
subject: frequency domain
subject: fully modified estimation
subject: long memory

description: We consider estimation of the cointegrating relation in the weak fractional cointegration model, where the strength of the cointegrating relation (difference in memory parameters) is less than one-half. A special case is the stationary fractional cointegration model, which has found important application recently, especially in nancial economics. Previous research on this model has considered a semiparametric narrow-band least squares (NBLS) estimator in the frequency domain, but in the stationary case its asymptotic distribution has been derived only under a condition of non-coherence between regressors and errors at the zero frequency. We show that in the absence of this condition, the NBLS estimator is asymptotically biased, and also that the bias can be consistently estimated. Consequently, we introduce a fully modified NBLS estimator which eliminates the bias, and indeed enjoys a faster rate of convergence than NBLS in general. We also show that local Whittle estimation of the integration order of the errors can be conducted consistently based on NBLS residuals, but the estimator has the same asymptotic distribution as if the errors were observed only under the condition of non-coherence. Furthermore, compared to much previous research, the development of the asymptotic distribution theory is based on a different spectral density representation, which is relevant for multivariate fractionally integrated processes, and the use of this representation is shown to result in lower asymptotic bias and variance of the narrow-band estimators. We present simulation evidence and a series of empirical illustrations to demonstrate the feasibility and empirical relevance of our methodology.
Race in context: Does familiarity breed amity or contempt?
Creators: name: Metelko, Alan Richard
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The research question addressed here is what the impact of proportion black in a given contextual unit is on white racial attitudes and policies preferences concerning black Americans. The data used is the 1992 American National Election Study merged with the 1990 United States Census. The first issue addressed is the conceptualization and measurement of racial attitudes and policy opinions. Traditional indices purporting to measure symbolic racism are criticized for their lack of precision and their tendency to politicize the study of white racial attitudes. Alternative measures of cognitive and affective attitudes toward blacks are then presented. The next issue addressed is the construction of an individual-level model of white policy opinions concerning black Americans. An attempt is made to include variables testing symbolic racism theory, group position theory, and principled politics theory all in the same model. While none of the theories are rejected, the evidence presented indicates that white racial policy opinions are largely determined by a combination of racial attitudes and commitment to traditional American values such as egalitarianism, moralism, and individualism. This finding is most consistent with symbolic racism theory. The next task is to investigate the effect of proportion black in a given contextual unit on white racial attitudes. Higher proportions of blacks in a census tract are found to predict improved white affect toward blacks, but only if other whites in the census tract are above a certain minimal level of education. This finding is consistent with earlier experimental studies indicating that interracial contact improves attitudes only under certain favorable conditions. At the county level, higher proportions of blacks are found to predict more negative white cognitive evaluations of blacks, which is consistent with the racial threat hypothesis. The final issue addressed by this research is the effect of proportion black on white racial policy opinions. The only evidence of such an effect is the case where higher proportions of blacks in the county are found to predict greater white opposition to school integration. This suggests that whites racial policy preferences are motivated more by a desire for avoidance rather than social dominance.
The value of text for small business default prediction: A deep learning approach
Creators: name: Stevenson, Matthew
name: Mues, Christophe
name: Bravo, Cristián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compared to consumer lending, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (mSME) credit risk modelling is particularly challenging, as, often, the same sources of information are not available. Therefore, it is standard policy for a loan officer to provide a textual loan assessment to mitigate limited data availability. In turn, this statement is analysed by a credit expert alongside any available standard credit data. In our paper, we exploit recent advances from the field of Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP), including the BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model, to extract information from 60 000 textual assessments provided by a lender. We consider the performance in terms of the AUC (Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve) and Brier Score metrics and find that the text alone is surprisingly effective for predicting default. However, when combined with traditional data, it yields no additional predictive capability, with performance dependent on the text's length. Our proposed deep learning model does, however, appear to be robust to the quality of the text and therefore suitable for partly automating the mSME lending process. We also demonstrate how the content of loan assessments influences performance, leading us to a series of recommendations on a new strategy for collecting future mSME loan assessments.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures. v4 - Accepted
Critical Values for Cointegration Tests
Creators: name: MacKinnon, James G.
name: MacKinnon, James G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper provides tables of critical values for some popular tests of cointegration and unit roots. Although these tables are necessarily based on computer simulations, they are much more accurate than those previously available. The results of the simulation experiments are summarized by means of response surface regressions in which critical values depend on the sample size. From these regressions, asymptotic critical values can be read off directly, and critical values for any finite sample size can easily be computed with a hand calculator. Added in 2010 version: A new appendix contains additional results that are more accurate and cover more cases than the ones in the original paper.
Mechanisms governing the generalization of self-efficacy beliefs in collegiate athletes
Creators: name: Panos, Kathryn Mary
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: The present study explored possible mechanisms underlying the generalization of self-efficacy beliefs across various domains among collegiate athletes. The processes that were examined include a powerful mastery experience, cognitive similarity across activities, and beliefs about the nature of sport ability. Data was collected from 56 athletes and 69 non-athletes from a university with a NCAA Division I sport program. Participants completed measures of self-efficacy in the athletic, academic, career, social, and novel domains, as well as two indices of cognitive similarity (one for situational demands and the other for personality traits), and a measure of conceptions of the nature of sport ability. Results provide some support for the hypothesis that a powerful mastery experience may be related to the generality of positive self-efficacy beliefs. There was also some, though mixed, evidence that self-efficacy beliefs were more likely to generalize when two domains were perceived as similar as opposed to dissimilar in terms situational demands. There was little support for the notion that self-efficacy beliefs would generalize when appraisals of personality traits were similar across domains or when athletes believed that their sport ability was acquired as opposed to innate.
Global Stationary Phase and the Sign Problem
Creators: name: Moreira, A G
name: Baeurle, S A
name: Fredrickson, G H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computational strategy for reducing the sign problem in the evaluation of high dimensional integrals with non-positive definite weights. The method involves stochastic sampling with a positive semidefinite weight that is adaptively and optimally determined during the course of a simulation. The optimal criterion, which follows from a variational principle for analytic actions S(z), is a global stationary phase condition that the average gradient of the phase Im(S) along the sampling path vanishes. Numerical results are presented from simulations of a model adapted from statistical field theories of classical fluids.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted for publication
Mechanisms governing the generalization of self-efficacy beliefs in collegiate athletes
Creators: name: Panos, Kathryn Mary
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present study explored possible mechanisms underlying the generalization of self-efficacy beliefs across various domains among collegiate athletes. The processes that were examined include a powerful mastery experience, cognitive similarity across activities, and beliefs about the nature of sport ability. Data was collected from 56 athletes and 69 non-athletes from a university with a NCAA Division I sport program. Participants completed measures of self-efficacy in the athletic, academic, career, social, and novel domains, as well as two indices of cognitive similarity (one for situational demands and the other for personality traits), and a measure of conceptions of the nature of sport ability. Results provide some support for the hypothesis that a powerful mastery experience may be related to the generality of positive self-efficacy beliefs. There was also some, though mixed, evidence that self-efficacy beliefs were more likely to generalize when two domains were perceived as similar as opposed to dissimilar in terms situational demands. There was little support for the notion that self-efficacy beliefs would generalize when appraisals of personality traits were similar across domains or when athletes believed that their sport ability was acquired as opposed to innate.
Distinguishing the nature of ''ambiguous'' merging systems hosting a neutron star: GW190425 in low-latency
Creators: name: Barbieri, C.
name: Salafia, O. S.
name: Colpi, M.
name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Perego, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GW190425 is the newly discovered gravitational wave (GW) source consistent with a neutron star-neutron star merger with chirp mass of $1.44\pm0.02M_\odot.$ This value falls in the $ambiguous$ interval as from the GW signal alone we can not rule out the presence of a black hole in the binary. In this case, the system would host a neutron star and a very light stellar black hole, with mass close to the maximum value for neutron stars, filling the $mass$ $gap$. No electromagnetic counterpart is firmly associated with this event, due to the poorly informative sky localisation and larger distance, compared to GW/GRB170817. We construct here kilonova light curve models for GW190425, for both double neutron star and black hole-neutron star systems, considering two equations of state consistent with current constraints from the signals of GW170817/GW190425 and the NICER results, including black hole spin effects and assuming a new formula for the mass of the ejecta. The putative presence of a light black hole in GW190425 would have produced a brighter kilonova emission compared to the double neutron star case, letting us to distinguish the nature of the companion to the neutron star. Concerning candidate counterparts of GW190425, classified later on as supernovae, our models could have discarded two transients detected in their early $r$-band evolution. Combining the chirp mass and luminosity distance information from the GW signal with a library of kilonova light curves helps identifying the electromagnetic counterpart early on. We remark that the release in low latency of the chirp mass in this interval of $ambiguous$ values appears to be vital for successful electromagnetic follow-ups.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, submitted to A&A, version 2
Macroeconomic implications of an urban informal sector: A theoretical model and a South African case study
Creators: name: Schaefer, Kendall Kathleen
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics
classificationCode: 3803
subject: Economic theory

description: Since the economic crisis of the 1980s, developing economies worldwide have experienced rapid expansion in the informal sector in response to a lack of jobs in the formal, wage-paid sector. However, the effects of formal-informal sector dualism on macroeconomic growth have been widely overlooked in mainstream policy debates. This dissertation develops a two-sector, structuralist, macroeconomic model designed to determine the effect of urban informal sector activity on growth policy and income distribution. Cross-sectional informal sector firm data from a Johannesburg survey is used to confirm stylized facts posited in the literature and employed as assumptions in the theoretical model. Other features unique to the model include: class differentiation within the informal sector; international competition; and an informal sector that is concentrated in the production of low-wage goods and commercial services. This dissertation finds that the nature of formal-informal sector dualism depends on the economic policies being implemented in an economy. Nevertheless, the trade-offs between income growth and reduced income inequality tend to be magnified when the existence of an urban informal sector is acknowledged.
Macroeconomic implications of an urban informal sector: A theoretical model and a South African case study
Creators: name: Schaefer, Kendall Kathleen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Since the economic crisis of the 1980s, developing economies worldwide have experienced rapid expansion in the informal sector in response to a lack of jobs in the formal, wage-paid sector. However, the effects of formal-informal sector dualism on macroeconomic growth have been widely overlooked in mainstream policy debates. This dissertation develops a two-sector, structuralist, macroeconomic model designed to determine the effect of urban informal sector activity on growth policy and income distribution. Cross-sectional informal sector firm data from a Johannesburg survey is used to confirm stylized facts posited in the literature and employed as assumptions in the theoretical model. Other features unique to the model include: class differentiation within the informal sector; international competition; and an informal sector that is concentrated in the production of low-wage goods and commercial services. This dissertation finds that the nature of formal-informal sector dualism depends on the economic policies being implemented in an economy. Nevertheless, the trade-offs between income growth and reduced income inequality tend to be magnified when the existence of an urban informal sector is acknowledged.
Secondary school students conceptions, factors behind achievement, and problem solving strategies with stochastic problems
Creators: name: Sharkey, Charlene K.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the conceptions secondary school students have when dealing with stochastic questions and the heuristics these students use to solve stochastic questions. The second purpose of this study was to determine if there were any effects of gender, grade level, mathematical placement, reading ability and prior stochastic experience on the students' stochastic achievement. The students' stochastic achievement was based on the percentage correct on a multiple-choice stochastic test and the students' conceptions and the heuristics they used were based on the answers students gave on a stochastic reasoning test. The analysis sample for the study consisted of 392 secondary school mathematics students in the Toms River, New Jersey, school district who took the multiple-choice stochastic test. Eighteen of the 392 students volunteered to take the reasoning test, where six students were from each group of students who scored in the top third, middle third and bottom third of the multiple-choice test. Statistical methods were used to test if there were any effects of the variables mentioned earlier on students' stochastic achievement, and whether there was a difference in the proportion of correctly answered questions on the multiple-choice test between probability and statistics questions. The results indicated that, at the 0.05 significance level, reading ability, grade level (Grade 9), the interaction between gender and mathematical placement (track 3), and the interaction between reading ability and stochastic experience had a significant effect on students' stochastic achievement. In addition, there was a significant difference in the proportion of correct answers between probability and statistics questions. Another question that was investigated in this study was if secondary school students use heuristics to solve stochastic questions. This question was qualitatively researched. From the results of the reasoning test, it was concluded that secondary school students use the following heuristics to solve stochastic problems: Belief Strategy, Equiprobable Bias, Bigger is Better, Prior Experience and Normative Reasoning. Belief strategy was used more often than the other heuristics. Also, it was determined that students do not always use the same heuristics to solve similar types of problems.
Cosa abbiamo imparato sulla Iss nel 2021
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

L'impatto delle ricerche sulla microgravità condotte sulla Stazione spaziale continua a crescere: nell’ultimo anno sono stati pubblicati oltre 400 articoli scientifici basati su studi avvenuti a bordo del laboratorio orbitante. Ve ne presentiamo alcuni, da quelli sulle cellule staminali cardiache ai materiali particolarmente schermanti, sulle vene e sulle ossa degli astronauti, sul biomining, sulla propagazione del fuoco, sugli effetti luminosi transitori e sui lampa gamma terrestri
La vita extraterrestre istruzioni per l’uso
Creators: Rossella Spiga
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Come andrebbe affrontata, valutata e annunciata la scoperta di potenziali tracce di vita extraterrestre? Ne parla uno studio pubblicato su Nature a fine ottobre, firmato da ricercatori della Nasa, nel quale si avanza la proposta di una scala standard per misurarne il grado di incertezza. Abbiamo chiesto un commento all’astrobiologo dell’Inaf John Brucato e al giornalista scientifico Fabio Pagan
title: Investigating seasonal mobility of Irish Giant Deer Megaloceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1799) through intra-tooth multi-isotope analysis
Creators: name: Douw, David S.
name: Giltaij , Tom J.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft – Geologische Vereinigung (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: Utrecht University, The Netherlands (1) Geologisch Museum Hofland, The Netherlands (2)

The Giant Deer Megaloceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1799) is an icon of the Ice Age due to their famous antlers, although there has been little focus on isotopic analysis of these animals. migrational behaviour in these animals has been suggested, mainly due to this behaviour being common in deer species today. Migrational behaviour and seasonal movement is analysed in three Giant Deer from Ireland dating back to the Pleistocene late glacial through isotopic analysis. Analysis is performed using sequential intra-tooth sampling for 87Sr/86Sr ratios acquired from TIMS and LA-MC-ICPMS on the Giant Deer’s tooth enamel. A comparison between TIMS and LA-MC-ICPMS is performed to try and improve the precision and accuracy of LA-MC-ICPMS for strontium isotopic analysis. This research is conducted as part of a Utrecht University joint MSc thesis.
Set theoretic Yang-Baxter & reflection equations and quantum group symmetries
Creators: name: Doikou, Anastasia
name: Smoktunowicz, Agata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Connections between set-theoretic Yang-Baxter and reflection equations and quantum integrable systems are investigated. We show that set-theoretic $R$-matrices are expressed as twists of known solutions. We then focus on reflection and twisted algebras and we derive the associated defining algebra relations for $R$-matrices being Baxterized solutions of the $A$-type Hecke algebra ${\cal H}_N(q=1)$. We show in the case of the reflection algebra that there exists a ``boundary'' finite sub-algebra for some special choice of ``boundary'' elements of the $B$-type Hecke algebra ${\cal B}_N(q=1, Q)$. We also show the key proposition that the associated double row transfer matrix is essentially expressed in terms of the elements of the $B$-type Hecke algebra. This is one of the fundamental results of this investigation together with the proof of the duality between the boundary finite subalgebra and the $B$-type Hecke algebra. These are universal statements that largely generalize previous relevant findings, and also allow the investigation of the symmetries of the double row transfer matrix.
description: 38 pages, Latex. Various clarifying comments introduced, two references added. Version to appear in LMP
Anthophora (Lophanthophora) neglecta Timberlake & Cockerell 1936
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Anthophora
Anthophora neglecta

description: Anthophora (Lophanthophora) neglecta Timberlake & Cockerell, 1936
[Holotype: AMNH; ♂ Tubb Spring Canyon, Borrego, California, USA; March 21, 1935]
Anthophora neglecta has been documented in the Chaparral and Succulent Coastal Matorral of the CFP, as well as in the Central Desert of BC (GBIF 2023). We reviewed one female collected in Cañon el Parral in Sierra San Pedro Mártir in January 1970 (CASC). Additionally, the BBPT collected four females in the Succulent Coastal Matorral at Colonet in January 2020. Voucher specimens are in MABC (2 ♀), and ECOAB (2 ♀). See fig. 71.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
title: Probabilistische Karte der Erdbebengefaehrdung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - Erdbebenzonierungskarte für das Nationale Anwendungsdokument zum Eurocode 8 : Forschungsbericht
Creators: name: Gruenthal, Gottfried
name: Bosse, Christian
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 550 - Earth sciences

description: Scientific Technical Report; 96/10
Anthophora (Micranthophora) albata Cresson 1876
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Anthophora (Micranthophora) albata Cresson, 1876
[Lectotype: ANSP; ♀ Denver, Colorado, USA; Jun]
This species has a broad specialization on plants in the family Asteraceae (Orr et al. 2018). It is widely distributed in the western USA. In BC, two females were recorded in the Baja California Mountains in Rancho Viejo, Sierra San Pedro Mártir in June 1953 (Orr et al. 2018). See fig. 72.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 129, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Upper limits on the temperature of inspiraling astrophysical black holes
Creators: name: Chung, Adrian Ka-Wai
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to constrain the temperature of astrophysical black holes through detecting the inspiral phase of binary black hole coalescences. At sufficient separation, inspiraling black holes can be regarded as isolated objects, hence their temperature can still be defined. Due to their intrinsic radiation, inspiraling black holes lose part of their masses during the inspiral phase. As a result, coalescence speeds up, introducing a correction to the orbital phase. We show that this dephasing may allow us to constrain the temperature of inspiraling black holes through gravitational-wave detection. Using the binary black-hole coalescences of the first two observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors, we constrain the temperature of parental black holes to be less than about $ 10^9 $ K. Such a constraint corresponds to luminosity of about $ 10^{-16} M_{\odot} \rm s^{-1} $ for a black hole of $ 20 M_{\odot} $, which is about 20 orders of magnitude below the peak luminosity of the corresponding gravitational-wave event, indicating no evidence for strong quantum-gravity effects through the detection of the inspiral phase.
description: Match the published version
Iterated Expectations under Rank-Dependent Expected Utility and Model Consistency
Creators: name: Stomper, Alex
name: VierAy, Marie-Louise
name: Stomper, Alex
name: VierAy, Marie-Louise
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Iterated expectations
subject: rank-dependent expected utility
subject: model consistency
subject: valuation methods
subject: probability weighting function
subject: conditioning
subject: updating
subject: dynamic consistency
subject: consequentialism

description: Under expected utility theory, compound lotteries can be valued by \iterating" expecta- tions: the expected utility of a compound lottery is the expected value of a simple lottery over prizes that are certainty equivalents to follow-up lotteries. We derive necessary and suffcient conditions for a similar valuation technique in the framework of rank-dependent expected utility (RDU) when a decision maker has to choose between prospects that belong to a comonotonic class and his preferences satisfy consequentialism. The conditions are so restrictive that they can be viewed as an impossibility result. Our contribution thus identifies a challenge for future research. If we accept RDU as the model of behavior, we either need to find alternative valuation algorithms, or we need to relax the assumption of preference exogeneity.