cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Charmonium Spectrum from Quenched QCD with Overlap Fermions
Creators: name: Tamhankar, S.
name: Alexandru, A.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Dong, S. J.
name: Draper, T.
name: Horvath, I.
name: Lee, F. X.
name: Liu, K. F.
name: Mathur, N.
name: Zhang, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first study of the charmonium spectrum using overlap fermions, on quenched configurations. Simulations are performed on $16^3 \times 72$ lattices, with Wilson gauge action at $β$ = 6.3345. We demonstrate that we have discretization errors under control at about 5%. We obtain 88(4) MeV for hyperfine splitting using the $r_0$ scale, and 121(6) MeV using the ($1\bar{P}-1\bar{S}$) scale. This paper raises the possibility that the discrepancy between the lattice results and the experimental value for charmonium hyperfine splitting can be resolved using overlap fermions to simulate the charm quark on lattice.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
A complete view of the outskirts of the Coma cluster
Creators: name: Mirakhor, M. S.
name: Walker, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new extended XMM-Newton mosaic of the nearby Coma cluster, which covers the cluster out to the virial radius with nearly complete azimuthal coverage. This large mosaic is combined with the Planck Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect observations to recover the thermodynamic properties of the intracluster medium in an azimuthally averaged profile and 36 angular sectors, producing the highest spatial resolution view of the thermodynamics of the outskirts of a galaxy cluster in its entirety. Beyond $r_{500}$, our clumping corrected entropy measurements along the less disturbed directions are statistically consistent with the power-law entropy profile predicted by non-radiative simulations, and the gas mass fraction agrees with the mean cosmic baryon fraction. However, there is a clear entropy deficit in the outskirts to the southwest, coinciding with where Coma connects to a cosmic web filament which joins it to Abell 1367. The low entropy to the southwest extends from 0.5-1.0$r_{200}$, and is consistent with what is expected from simulations of a filamentary gas stream penetrating into the cluster as it continues to accrete matter from the cosmic web. We also find that the radial profiles of the recovered quantities become increasingly asymmetric in the outskirts, particularly along the more disturbed directions, consistent with the predictions of cosmological simulations.
description: 18 pages, 22 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
TO CONTRACT OR NOT TO CONTRACT? A DECISION THEORY AND PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS OF CATTLE CONTRACT GRAZING
Creators: name: Teegerstrom, Trent
name: D'Souza, Gerard E.
name: Osborne, Phillip
name: Jones, Kezelee Q.
name: Teegerstrom, Trent
name: D'Souza, Gerard E.
name: Osborne, Phillip
name: Jones, Kezelee Q.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Contract grazing is compared with retained ownership of cattle using two frameworks-decision theory and portfolio analysis. The study area is West Virginia. Contracting is optimal under a wide range of price and weather scenarios and decision criteria. It also dominates other alternatives based on labor efficiency measures. The optimal portfolio consists of contract grazing and pasture rental, with the results insensitive to small changes in contract grazing returns. The decision theory and portfolio analyses are complementary; together, the two sets of results provide a comprehensive view of the optimal production alternative. Because different agents employ different decision criteria, this approach can increase the utility of results to decision makers and contribute to better decisions.
SUPPLY RESPONSE IN THE NORTHEASTERN FRESH TOMATO MARKET: COINTEGRATION AND ERROR CORRECTION ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Weliwita, Ananda
name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: Weliwita, Ananda
name: Govindasamy, Ramu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper reexamines supply response in the Northeastern fresh tomato market during the 1949-94 period by employing cointegration and error correction technique. It tests whether there has been a long-run equilibrium relationship between Northeastern production and a set of price and nonprice factors that influence it. Findings suggest that wage rate, imports from competing regions, and urban pressure have had significant negative impacts on regional production. The negative relationship between price and production may have resulted from the strong negative effects exerted by the nonprice factors.
Extreme Lightwave Electron Field Emission from a Nanotip
Creators: name: Matte, Dominique
name: Chamanara, Nima
name: Gingras, Lauren
name: de Cotret, Laurent P. René
name: Britt, Tristan L.
name: Siwick, Bradley J.
name: Cooke, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on sub-cycle terahertz light-field emission of electrons from tungsten nanotips under extreme conditions corresponding to a Keldysh parameter $γ_K\approx10^{-4}$. Local peak THz fields up to 40~GV/m are achieved at the apex of an illuminated nanotip, causing sub-cycle cold-field electron emission and acceleration in the quasi-static field. By simultaneous measurement of the electron bunch charge and energy distribution, we perform a quantitative test of quasi-static Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling theory under field conditions that completely suppress the tunnel barrier. Very high bunch charges of $\sim10^6$ electrons/pulse are observed, reaching maximum energies of 3.5~keV after acceleration in the local field. The energy distribution and emission current show good agreement with Fowler-Nordheim theory even in this extreme field regime. Extending this model to the single-shot regime under these conditions predicts peak electron distributions with a spectral purity of $10^{-4}$. THz field-induced reshaping and sharpening of the nanotip is observed, reducing the tip radius from 120~nm to 35~nm over roughly $10^9$ THz shots. These results indicate THz-driven nanotips in the extreme field limit are promising electron sources for ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental material (5 pages, 5 figures)
TRADEOFF BETWEEN ECONOMIES OF SIZE IN TREATMENT AND DISECONOMIES OF DISTRIBUTION FOR RURAL WATER SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Schmit, Todd M.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Schmit, Todd M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper outlines a method to determine the tradeoff between economies of size in water treatment and diseconomies of distribution. Cost equations are estimated for several treatment technologies and distribution extensions. Empirical results are used to identify optimal system size where average total costs are minimized. Regardless of treatment, most costs are due to distribution. As water systems expand service territories, only in the most densely populated areas would remaining economies of size in treatment outweigh the diseconomies in distribution.
Vertex operator algebras associated to type B affine Lie algebras on admissible half-integer levels
Creators: name: Perse, Ozren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69, 17B67

description: Let L(n-l+1/2,0) be the vertex operator algebra associated to an affine Lie algebra of type B_l^(1) at level n-l+1/2, for a positive integer n. We classify irreducible L(n-l+1/2,0)-modules and show that every L(n-l+1/2,0)-module is completely reducible. In the special case n=1, we study a category of weak L(-l+3/2,0)-modules which are in the category $\cal{O}$ as modules for the associated affine Lie algebra. We classify irreducible objects in that category and prove semisimplicity of that category.
description: 40 pages, LaTeX; minor changes
UTILITY MEASUREMENT FOR THOSE WHO NEED TO KNOW
Creators: name: Halter, A.N.
name: Mason, Robert
name: Halter, A.N.
name: Mason, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: A practical technique for estimating decision-makers' utility functions by survey or group methods is explained and illustrated. Results from a survey of 44 Oregon farmers are reported. Risk attitudes of respondents are related to farm and decision-maker characteristics. Regression analysis found age, education, and percentage of land ownership, either separately or jointly, to be statistically significant variables related to risk attitude. Risk attitudes measured from the estimated utility functions were found to be uniformly distributed across risk aversion, neutral and preference. Even though further empirical work is needed, it appears that the distribution of risk attitude among the human population cannot be predicted from a single variable.
VIIum Symposium Syriacum in Uppsala (11th-14th August, 1996)
Creators: name: Hunter, Erica C. D.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 81 (1997): Oriens christianus, Band 81
LABOR AND MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS IN ECONOMIES OF FARM SIZE STUDIES
Creators: name: Johnson, Roger G.
name: Hvinden, Steven C.
name: Johnson, Roger G.
name: Hvinden, Steven C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Data from North Dakota farmers are used to develop regression equations estimating seasonal use of farm operator labor and management time by farm size. Management time has a large fixed component and increases linearly with farm size. Annual labor supervision time per man-month supervised increases when more than 15 man-months of hired or family labor are used.
Multi-Frequency General Relativistic Radiation-Hydrodynamics with $\bf{M}_1$ Closure
Creators: name: Anninos, Peter
name: Fragile, P. Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on recent upgrades to our general relativistic radiation-magnetohydrodynamics code, Cosmos++, which expands the two-moment, $\bf{M}_1$, radiation treatment from grey to multi-frequency transport, including Doppler and gravitational frequency shifts. The solver accommodates either photon (Bose-Einstein) or neutrino (Fermi-Dirac) statistical distribution functions with absorption, emission, and elastic scattering processes. An implicit scheme is implemented to simultaneously solve the primitive inversion problem together with the radiation-matter coupling source terms, providing stability over a broad range of opacities and optical depths where the interactions terms can be stiff. We discuss our formulations and numerical methods, and validate our methods against a wide variety of test problems spanning optically thin to thick regimes in flat, weakly curved, and strongly curved spacetimes.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Astrophysical Journal
The sustained post-outburst brightness of Nova Per 2018, the evolved companion, and the long orbital period
Creators: name: Munari, U.
name: Moretti, S.
name: Maitan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nova Per 2018 (= V392 Per) halted the decline from maximum when it was 2mag brighter than quiescence and since 2019 has been stable at such a plateau. The ejecta have already fully diluted into the interstellar space. We obtained BVRIgrizY photometry and optical spectroscopy of V392 Per during the plateau phase and compared it with equivalent data gathered prior to the nova outburst. We find the companion star to be a G9 IV/III and the orbital period to be 3.4118 days, making V392 Per the longest known period for a classical nova. The location of V392 Per on the theoretical isochrones is intermediate between that of classical novae and novae erupting within symbiotic binaries, in a sense bridging the gap. The reddening is derived to be E(B-V)=0.72 and the fitting to isochrones returns a 3.6 Gyr age for the system and 1.35 Msun, 5.3 Rsun, and 15 Lsun for the companion. The huge Ne overabundance in the ejecta and the very fast decline from nova maximum both point to a massive white dwarf (M(WD) >= 1.1-1.2 Msun). The system is viewed close to pole-on conditions and the current plateau phase is caused by irradiation of the CS by the WD still burning at the surface.
description: published in Astron.Astrophys. 639, L10
Additional file 1 of The contribution of vascular risk factors in neurodegenerative disorders: from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Cheng, Yu-Wen
name: Ming-Jang Chiu
name: Chen, Ya-Fang
name: Ting-Wen Cheng
name: Lai, Ya-Mei
name: Chen, Ta-Fu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Drift chamber with a c-shaped frame
Creators: name: Smyrski, J.
name: Kolf, Ch.
name: Adam, H. -H.
name: Budzanowski, A.
name: Czyzykiewicz, R.
name: Grzonka, D.
name: Heczko, A.
name: Janusz, M.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Kilian, K.
name: Kowina, P.
name: Misiak, A.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Oelert, W.
name: Piskor-Ignatowicz, C.
name: Przerwa, J.
name: Quentmeier, C.
name: Rozek, T.
name: Santo, R.
name: Schepers, G.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Siemaszko, M.
name: Taschner, A.
name: Winter, P.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Wustner, P.
name: Zipper, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the construction of a planar drift chamber with wires stretched between two arms of a c-shaped aluminium frame. The special shape of the frame allows to extendthe momentum acceptance of the COSY-11 detection system towards lower momenta without suppressing the high momentum particles. The proposed design allows for construction of tracking detectors covering small angles with respect to the beam, which can be installed and removed without dismounting the beam-pipe. For a three-dimensional track reconstruction a computer code was developed using a simple algorithm of hit preselection.
description: submitted to Nucl. Instr. & Meth A
An Energy Inventory of Tidal Disruption Events
Creators: name: Mockler, Brenna
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events (TDEs) offer a unique opportunity to study a single super-massive black hole (SMBH) under feeding conditions that change over timescales of days or months. However, the primary mechanism for generating luminosity during the flares remains debated. Despite the increasing number of observed TDEs, it is unclear whether most of the energy in the initial flare comes from accretion near the gravitational radius or from circularizing debris at larger distances from the SMBH. The energy dissipation efficiency increases with decreasing radii, therefore by measuring the total energy emitted and estimating the efficiency we can derive clues about the nature of the emission mechanism. Here we calculate the integrated energy, emission timescales, and average efficiencies for the TDEs using the Modular Open Source Fitter for Transients ({\tt MOSFiT}). Our calculations of the total energy generally yield higher values than previous estimates. This is predominantly because, if the luminosity follows the mass fallback rate, TDEs release a significant fraction of their energy long after their light curve peaks. We use {\tt MOSFiT} to calculate the conversion efficiency from mass to radiated energy, and find that for many of the events it is similar to efficiencies inferred for active galactic nuclei. There are, however, large systematic uncertainties in the measured efficiency due to model degeneracies between the efficiency and the mass of the disrupted star, and these must be reduced before we can definitively resolve the emission mechanism of individual TDEs.
description: submitted to ApJL. 13 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Rapid whole-heart CMR with single volume super-resolution
Creators: name: Steeden, Jennifer A.
name: Quail, Michael
name: Gotschy, Alexander
name: Mortensen, Kristian H.
name: Hauptmann, Andreas
name: Arridge, Simon
name: Jones, Rodney
name: Muthurangu, Vivek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Full demographic information and patient diagnoses.
Trapping in Self-Avoiding Walks with Nearest-Neighbor Attraction
Creators: name: Hooper, Wyatt
name: Klotz, Alexander R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistics of self-avoiding random walks have been used to model polymer physics for decades. A self-avoiding walk that grows one step at a time on a lattice will eventually trap itself, which occurs after an average of 71 steps on a square lattice. Here, we consider the effect of nearest-neighbor attractive interactions on the growing self-avoiding walk, and examine the effect that self-attraction has both on the statistics of trapping as well as on chain statistics through the transition between expanded and collapsed walks at the theta point. We find the trapping length increases exponentially with the nearest-neighbor contact energy, but that there is a local minimum in trapping length for weakly self-attractive walks. While it has been controversial whether growing self-avoiding walks have the same asymptotic behavior as traditional self-avoiding walks, we find that the theta point is not at the same location for growing self-avoiding walks, and that the persistence length converges much more rapidly to a smaller value.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures + 2 in appendix
6. Internationaler Koptologen-Kongreß in Münster/Westf. 20.-26. Juli 1996
Creators: name: Scholz, Piotr O.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 81 (1997): Oriens christianus, Band 81
T2 Mapping from Super-Resolution-Reconstructed Clinical Fast Spin Echo Magnetic Resonance Acquisitions
Creators: name: Lajous, Hélène
name: Hilbert, Tom
name: Roy, Christopher W.
name: Tourbier, Sébastien
name: de Dumast, Priscille
name: Yu, Thomas
name: Thiran, Jean-Philippe
name: Ledoux, Jean-Baptiste
name: Piccini, Davide
name: Hagmann, Patric
name: Meuli, Reto
name: Kober, Tobias
name: Stuber, Matthias
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud B.
name: Cuadra, Meritxell Bach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relaxometry studies in preterm and at-term newborns have provided insight into brain microstructure, thus opening new avenues for studying normal brain development and supporting diagnosis in equivocal neurological situations. However, such quantitative techniques require long acquisition times and therefore cannot be straightforwardly translated to in utero brain developmental studies. In clinical fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging routine, 2D low-resolution T2-weighted fast spin echo sequences are used to minimize the effects of unpredictable fetal motion during acquisition. As super-resolution techniques make it possible to reconstruct a 3D high-resolution volume of the fetal brain from clinical low-resolution images, their combination with quantitative acquisition schemes could provide fast and accurate T2 measurements. In this context, the present work demonstrates the feasibility of using super-resolution reconstruction from conventional T2-weighted fast spin echo sequences for 3D isotropic T2 mapping. A quantitative magnetic resonance phantom was imaged using a clinical T2-weighted fast spin echo sequence at variable echo time to allow for super-resolution reconstruction at every echo time and subsequent T2 mapping of samples whose relaxometric properties are close to those of fetal brain tissue. We demonstrate that this approach is highly repeatable, accurate and robust when using six echo times (total acquisition time under 9 minutes) as compared to gold-standard single-echo spin echo sequences (several hours for one single 2D slice).
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, 1 supplement, to appear in Proceedings in Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), Peru, October 2020
Non-extensive Trends in the Size Distribution of Coding and Non-coding DNA Sequences in the Human Genome
Creators: name: Oikonomou, Th.
name: Provata, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the primary DNA structure of four of the most completely sequenced human chromosomes (including chromosome 19 which is the most dense in coding), using Non-extensive Statistics. We show that the exponents governing the decay of the coding size distributions vary between $5.2 \le r \le 5.7$ for the short scales and $1.45 \le q \le 1.50$ for the large scales. On the contrary, the exponents governing the decay of the non-coding size distributions in these four chromosomes, take the values $2.4 \le r \le 3.2$ for the short scales and $1.50 \le q \le 1.72$ for the large scales. This quantitative difference, in particular in the tail exponent $q$, indicates that the non-coding (coding) size distributions have long (short) range correlations. This non-trivial difference in the DNA statistics is attributed to the non-conservative (conservative) evolution dynamics acting on the non-coding (coding) DNA sequences.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
A simple parameterization coupling the convective daytime boundary layer and fair-weather cumuli
Creators: name: Berg, Larry Keith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A new field experiment, named Boundary Layer Experiment 1996 (BLX96), was conducted to determine the formation of boundary-layer cumuli clouds over heterogeneous land surfaces. The resulting potential temperature (0) and water-vapor mixing ratio (r) observations were compiled into Joint Frequency Distributions (JFDs) that represent the source region from which air rises up as thermals to form cumuli. In order to predict sub-grid boundary-layer cumuli in a climate model, the JFD must be parameterized. Two classical methods to describe JFDs, one based on a statistical fit and another based on surface-layer processes, were found to be inadequate. A new method is devised, where boundary-layer air is divided into one of three groups: updrafts, downdrafts and environment. Separate JFDs are fit to each group and these sub-JFDs are added together to represent the boundary-layer JFD. This method did a good job representing the observed JFDs, but requires many free parameters. A second new method, which needs fewer free parameters, treats the J FD as a mixing diagram. In the absence of advection, the only source regions for air in the mixing diagram are the surface and the entrainment zone. Thus, the tilt of the JFD is caused by various mixtures from these two source regions. The parameterized JFDs can be used with the mean temperature and humidity profile to predict the amount and size distribution of boundary-layer cloud cover. The result is named the Cumulus Potential (CuP) Model. This model considers the diversity of air parcels over a heterogeneous surface, and recognizes that some parcels indeed rise to their lifting condensation level, while others might rise as non-cloud updrafts. This model has several unique features: (1) cloud cover is determined from the boundary-layer JFD of θ vs. r, (2) cloud-base mass flux can be approximated from the mixed-layer JFD, (3) clear and cloudy thermals are allowed to exist at the same altitude, and (4) a range of cloud-base heights, cloud-top heights, and cloud thicknesses are predicted within any one cloud field, as observed. Using data from BLX96, and a model intercomparsion study using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) based on BOMEX , it is shown that the CuP model does a good job predicting cloud-base height and cloud-top height. The model also shows promise in predicting cloud cover, and is found to give better cloud-cover estimates than three classic cumulus parameterizations: one based on relative humidity, the classic statistical scheme proposed by Sommeria and Deardorff (1977), and a slab model proposed by Albrecht (1981).
Additional file 3 of Spontaneous renal fornix rupture in pregnancy and the post partum period: a systematic review of outcomes and management
Creators: name: McKnoulty, Matthew
name: Green, Ayla
name: Scott, Susan
name: Roberts, Matthew J.
name: Kothari, Alka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. MOOSE (Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) Checklist.
MODIFYING A ONE REGION LEONTIEF INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL TO SHOW SECTOR CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS
Creators: name: Petkovich, Michael D.
name: Ching, Chauncey T.K.
name: Petkovich, Michael D.
name: Ching, Chauncey T.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A one-region Leontief input-output model may be modified to show sector capacity constraints or 'sector destruction.' The economist must know the degree of sector destruction, level of imports of the destroyed sector's product, and make certain assumptions about the regional economy. Six cases are presented based on the degree of destruction (complete or partial) and level of imports of the destroyed sector's product (none, sufficient to reach original final demands or insufficient to reach original final demands). A linear programming version of the input-output model is suggested for three of the six cases.
The rates of Type Ia Supernovae. I. Analytical Formulations
Creators: name: Greggio, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides a handy tool to compute the impact of Type Ia Supernova (SNIa) on the evolution of stellar systems. An effective formalism is presented to couple the SNIa rate to the star formation history, which rests upon the definition of two key properties of the progenitor's model: the realization probability of the SNIa event from a single stellar generation and the distribution function of the delay times. It is shown that the current SNIa rate in late type galaxies implies that the realization probability is on the order of 0.001. Analytical formulations for the distribution function of the delay times for Single (SD) and Double Degenerate (DD) progenitors are derived, based on stellar evolution arguments. These formulations, which agree well with the results of Monte Carlo simulations for the evolution of close binaries, have a built in parametrization of the key properties of the alternative candidates. The various models for the progenitors have different impact on the large scales. In particular, the paper examines the systematic trend of the SNIa rate per unit mass with the color of the parent galaxy, and shows that the recent observations favor the DD model. The SD scenario can reproduce the data only if the distribution of the primordial mass ratios is flat, and the accretion efficiency onto the WD is close to 100%. The timescale for the Fe release from SNIa to the interstellar medium ranges between 0.3 and 3 Gyr for a wide variety of hypothesis on the SNIa progenitors. (ABRIDGED)
description: 28 pages, 18 figures, Astronomy and Astrophysics accepted, added 3 references
"Ein Fuß in der Tür": Die Minimaldatensatz-Empfehlung für Museen und Sammlungen
Creators: name: Greisinger, Sybille
name: Marchini, Chiara
name: AG Minimaldatensatz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR Principles
Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
Europeana
Kulturerbedaten
Normdaten
Museen

description: Vortrag auf der Herbsttagung 2023 der Fachgruppe Dokumentation im Deutschen Museumsbund, 9.10.2023, Berlin

Launch der Beta-Version der Minimaldatensatz-Empfehlung für Museen und Sammlungen
Persistent Astrometric Deflections from Gravitational-Wave Memory
Creators: name: Madison, Dustin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GWs) produce small distortions in the observable distribution of stars in the sky. We describe the characteristic pattern of astrometric deflections created by a specific gravitational waveform called a burst with memory. Memory is a permanent, residual distortion of space left in the wake of GWs. We demonstrate that the astrometric effects of GW memory are qualitatively distinct from those of more broadly considered, oscillatory GWs---distinct in ways with potentially far-reaching observational implications. We discuss some such implications pertaining to the random-walk development of memory-induced deflection signatures over cosmological time spans and how those may influence observations of the cosmic microwave background.
description: 5 pages. 3 figures. Published in Physical Review Letters on 23 July 2020
Additional file 2 of Spontaneous renal fornix rupture in pregnancy and the post partum period: a systematic review of outcomes and management
Creators: name: McKnoulty, Matthew
name: Green, Ayla
name: Scott, Susan
name: Roberts, Matthew J.
name: Kothari, Alka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
AN ECONOMIC INTERPRETATION OF IMPACT OF PHENOLOGICALLY TIMED IRRIGATION ON CORN YIELD
Creators: name: Gowon, Dawuda T.
name: Andersen, Jay C.
name: Biswas, Basudeb
name: Gowon, Dawuda T.
name: Andersen, Jay C.
name: Biswas, Basudeb
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An economic production function was derived in an analysis of water application to corn by phonological time periods. The quantities of use of water by growth periods as delineated by physical stages were tested for influence on final output of dry matter and grain. Several years' data for three locations were utilized. The results tend to confirm the conceptual models and previous work in this type of analysis. Certain periods of growth were more critical than others.
A WELFARE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL COMPETITION BETWEEN HUNTING AND CATTLE RANCHING
Creators: name: Martin, William E.
name: Tinney, J. Craig
name: Gum, Russell L.
name: Martin, William E.
name: Tinney, J. Craig
name: Gum, Russell L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Comparable empirical estimates of the market and nonmarket values of range cattle production and hunting activity on the same land are developed in the welfare economic framework of consumers' surplus, producers' surplus, and the corresponding Hicksian consumer welfare measures. The values are compared to illustrate possible trade-offs that would occur under potential conflict among users of the land resource. The welfare distribution issue is examined both in terms of aggregate and individual compensation that could occur between the alternative users.
Additional file 1 of Spontaneous renal fornix rupture in pregnancy and the post partum period: a systematic review of outcomes and management
Creators: name: McKnoulty, Matthew
name: Green, Ayla
name: Scott, Susan
name: Roberts, Matthew J.
name: Kothari, Alka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
MILK SUPPLY RESPONSE IN CALIFORNIA: EFFECTS OF PROFITABILITY VARIABLES AND REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Creators: name: Milligan, Robert A.
name: Milligan, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This article discusses supply response for milk in California with the emphasis on the impact of profitability of milk production. Profitability variables are specified as profit margin per cow due to the availability of cost of production data. California production is disaggregated into five regional response equations for market (Grade A) milk and an equation for manufacturing milk (Grade B). Econometric results for larger, more specialized dairies indicate very inelastic responses and long production lags. Results for smaller, less specialized dairies indicate elastic responses and somewhat shorter lags.
Should One Trust a Farmer's Succession Plan? Empirical Evidence on the Intention-Behaviour Discrepancy from Finland
Creators: name: Vare, Minna
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
name: Pietola, Kyosti
name: Vare, Minna
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
name: Pietola, Kyosti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: family farm succession
subject: intention-behaviour discrepancy
subject: econometric analysis
subject: Finland

description: This study examines and compares farmers' succession plans and actual succession behaviour and finds that the farm operator's age and regional variables influence both. We also find a discrepancy between intention and actual behaviour which is significantly related to the farm operator's age. Whereas the likelihood of planned succession is overestimated significantly for younger farm operators, the opposite is observed once the farm operator's age exceeds 65 years. Therefore, stated plans have only a negligible value in predicting the observed behaviour and farm operator's statements on the timing of succession may not provide enough information on the grounds of designing structural policies in agriculture.
Understanding Adversarially Robust Generalization via Weight-Curvature Index
Creators: name: Xu, Yuelin
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Despite numerous efforts, achieving adversarial robustness in deep learning remains a critical challenge. Recent studies have discovered that adversarial training, a widely adopted method for improving model robustness against adversarial perturbations, prevalently suffers from robust overfitting. To better characterize the robust generalization of adversarially trained models, we introduce the Weight-Curvature Index (WCI), a novel metric that captures the Frobenius norm of layer-wise weight matrices and the trace of the Hessian matrix with respect to the adversarial loss function. In particular, we establish a theoretical connection between WCI and robust generalization gap under a PAC-Bayesian framework. By analyzing the dynamics of these factors, WCI offers a nuanced understanding of why robust overfitting happens during adversarial training. Experimental results demonstrate a strong correlation between WCI and traditional robustness measures, suggesting the effectiveness of WCI in capturing the learning dynamics of adversarial training.
O2 Adsorption on Defective Penta-Graphene Lattices
Creators: name: Lima, Kleuton A. Lopes
name: Júnior, Marcelo L. Pereira
name: Monteiro, Fábio F.
name: Júnior, Luiz F. Roncaratti
name: Júnior, Luiz A. Ribeiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2; I.6
subject: 00-xx

description: Penta-Graphene (PG) was theoretically proposed as a new carbon allotrope with a 2D structure. PG has revealed interesting gas sensing properties. Here, the structural and electronic properties of defective PG lattices interacting with an oxygen molecule were theoretically studied by employing density functional theory calculations. Results show that PG lattices with a sp3-like single-atom vacancy presented higher adsorption energy than the sp2-like one. Remarkably, PG lattices with a sp3-like defect presented a clear degree of selectivity for the molecule orientation by changing their bandgap configurations. Importantly, the adsorption energies were obtained using the improved Lennard-Jones (ILJ) potential.
description: 11 pages and 05 figures
Governance Control Mechanisms in Portuguese Agricultural Credit Cooperatives
Creators: name: Cabo, Paula
name: Rebelo, Joao
name: Cabo, Paula
name: Rebelo, Joao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: cooperatives
subject: credit
subject: governance
subject: multinominal logit

description: Over the last decade Portuguese Agricultural Credit Cooperatives (ACCs) have increasingly face survival challenges related to their difficulty in gathering equity. The main source of ACCs equity is the net benefit; thus, understanding how ACCs governance can work on correcting bad economic performance is of crucial importance to overcome this constraint. The main objective of this paper is to describe the governance control mechanisms in the ACCs. Five governance mechanisms are identified: board and chairman change (internal mechanisms), central ACC intervention by an agent or by management board replacement and merger. Empirical analysis proved that the internal governance mechanisms activity is not related to the ACC performance. Additionally: (a) ACCs with a central ACC agent and merged ACCs hold a weaker credit management and a heavy administrative costs structure and profitability problems; and (b) ACCs with a management board replacement by the central ACC hold a weaker credit management and present solvency problems.
Multi-photon signatures at the Fermilab Tevatron
Creators: name: Akeroyd, A. G.
name: Alves, A.
name: Diaz, M. A.
name: Eboli, O. J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermiophobic Higgs bosons $h_f$ exhibiting large branching ratios to two photons can arise in models with two or more scalar doublets and/or triplets. In such models the conventional production mechanisms at hadron colliders may be rendered ineffective due to severe mixing angle suppression. In this scenario, double fermiophobic Higgs production may proceed via complementary mechanisms leading to events with up to 4 photons. We perform a simulation of the detection prospects of $h_f$ in the multi-photon (>3) channel at the Fermilab Tevatron and show that a sizeable region of the ($m_{H^\pm},m_{h_f}$) parameter space can be probed during Run II.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, new background analyses, comments and figures added
[Letter from Karl August Theodor Reinbold]
Creators: name: Reinbold, Karl August Theodor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1902
Subjects: Schimper
Chun, Carl Friedrich

description: Says that the material from the Valdivia Expedition was in the hands of Professor Schimper, but he is now dead. Advises Foslie to contact the leader of the expedition Professor Chun in Leipzig.
N-flation
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Savas
name: Kachru, Shamit
name: McGreevy, John
name: Wacker, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of many axion fields in four-dimensional string vacua can lead to a simple, radiatively stable realization of chaotic inflation.
description: 16 pages, 0 figures, latex; v2: added refs; v3: more refs, correction to \S2.2
Wheat / Flour Price Transmission and Agricultural Policies in Ukraine: A Markov-Switching Vector Error Correction Approach
Creators: name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Zorya, Sergiy
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Zorya, Sergiy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Markov-switching vector error correction model
subject: vertical price transmission
subject: regime shifts
subject: grain policies
subject: Ukraine

description: The analysis of price transmission between raw and processed agricultural products in transition countries is complicated by the frequently changing conditions on their way from plan to market. We utilise a Markov-switching vector error correction model to allow for multiple regime shifts in the price relationship between wheat and wheat flour in Ukraine from June 2000 to November 2004. The analysis reveals four regimes. The observed temporal pattern of these regimes can be matched with certain political and economic events in Ukraine. In particular, we find a strong link between the 'high uncertainty' regime and discretionary policy interventions in 2003.
Screening of Z(N) monopole pairs in gauge theories
Creators: name: de Forcrand, Ph.
name: Korthals-Altes, C.
name: Philipsen, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The screening of magnetic Z(N)-monopoles and the associated screening length in SU(N) gauge theories are analyzed theoretically, and computed numerically in the 3d SU(2) theory. The nature of the screening excitations as well as their mass have so far remained inconclusive in the literature. Here we show that the screening mass is identical to the lowest J^{PC}_R=0^{++}_+ excitation of the Yang-Mills Hamiltonian with one compact direction with period 1/T, the subscript R referring to parity in this direction. We extend the continuum formulation to one on the lattice, and determine the transfer matrix governing the decay of the spatial monopole correlator at any finite lattice spacing. Our numerical results for SU(2) for the screening mass in the dimensionally reduced (high temperature) theory are compatible with the 0^{++} glueball mass in 3d SU(2).
description: 24 pages, 3 figures. Typos corrected, published version
Effects of Agricultural Policy Measures on Gross Transfers to Farmers: Intertemporal and Interregional Evidence from the CAP
Creators: name: Hansen, Heiko
name: Hansen, Heiko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP
subject: gross transfers
subject: temporal impacts
subject: regional distribution
subject: PSE

description: This paper analyses the effects of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on gross transfers over time and across regions. Depending on the type of instrumentation to support agriculture, the volatility of gross transfers differs. While assistance arising from market price supports, regarded as independent from the world market levels, fluctuates intertemporally, direct payments are constant. Empirical findings for the CAP show a reduction of the transfer volatility on grain markets. For beef and veal this effect is not significant, because price support is still large in these markets. If agricultural support is biased in favour of specific commodities, territorial heterogeneity leads to an uneven distribution. By applying a regionalised concept of producer support estimates (PSEs) for the German Federal States, results indicate significant interregional variation of CAP support.
Ausgewählte Bibliographie über den Christlichen Orient aus libanesischen Druckereien (1986-1996)
Creators: name: Pellegrino Roncaglia, Martiniano
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 81 (1997): Oriens christianus, Band 81
Is the Turkish Agri-Food Sector Ready for EU Entry?
Creators: name: Van Berkum, Siemen
name: Van Berkum, Siemen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: EU integration
subject: agri-food chain
subject: market structure and performance
subject: Turkey

description: Joining the EU's single market would subject the Turkish food supply chain to competition from mature industries and highly efficient, well-organised companies in the rest of the Union. To be ready for this competition, the Turkish agri-food chain has to tackle a number of serious bottlenecks, requiring modernisation and restructuring of the farm and food sector, and a more efficient marketing system, which provides for quality improvement incentives and price transparency. The rise of modern retail chains in the country and the inflow of FDI are two important factors that help preparing the Turkish food supply chain for the competitive pressures implied by the EU single market.
Die Sammlung Goussen in der Universitätsbibliothek Bonn
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 81 (1997): Oriens christianus, Band 81
World Food Needs and the Optimal Allocations of Lands
Creators: name: Hubert, Marie-Helene
name: Moreaux, Michel
name: Hubert, Marie-Helene
name: Moreaux, Michel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: aggregate supply and demand analysis
subject: food prices
subject: land-rent
subject: land-use

description: In order to assess the future world food demand/supply balance for the next century, in relation to the land uses, we develop a model in which the society has to supply two types of food demand, namely, processed crop products and meat and dairy products. From the supply side, the society can resort to different classes of land. Each class of land can be allocated wholly or partially either to crop cultivation or to pasture or last to be lain fallow. Primary crop production can be transformed either into processed crop products to satisfy final needs, or into intermediate livestock products used as inputs within the intensive industrial farming system. The livestock products can also be obtained from the extensive grazing system. The increase in world population together with the increase in the per capita income boost the final demand for food products. In order to meet the future food demands, the structure of the livestock production system should be modified, the share of the intensive production system having to be increased. With respect to the optimal allocation of land, we have established different degrees of land scarcity. More precisely, as the land is getting scarcer, the share of the livestock products stemming from the intensive production system is steadily increasing. Thus, the cropland is rising at the expense of pastureland. The shadow value assigned to the different land classes is steadily increasing throughout the next century.