cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Information criteria for non-normalized models
Creators: name: Matsuda, Takeru
name: Uehara, Masatoshi
name: Hyvarinen, Aapo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many statistical models are given in the form of non-normalized densities with an intractable normalization constant. Since maximum likelihood estimation is computationally intensive for these models, several estimation methods have been developed which do not require explicit computation of the normalization constant, such as noise contrastive estimation (NCE) and score matching. However, model selection methods for general non-normalized models have not been proposed so far. In this study, we develop information criteria for non-normalized models estimated by NCE or score matching. They are approximately unbiased estimators of discrepancy measures for non-normalized models. Simulation results and applications to real data demonstrate that the proposed criteria enable selection of the appropriate non-normalized model in a data-driven manner.
Financing Agricultural Value Chain RD&E: An Alternative Approach with Examples from the Red Meat Industry
Creators: name: Mounter, Stuart
name: Fleming, Euan
name: Griffith, Garry
name: Mounter, Stuart
name: Fleming, Euan
name: Griffith, Garry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Chain goods
subject: collaboration
subject: meat
subject: RD&E
subject: value chain

description: Agricultural RD&E managers have responded to the increased focus on value chains in food and agricultural product markets and most Australian agricultural RD&E corporations now have value chain programs embedded in their portfolios of funded projects. As community concerns have intensified within the social, environmental and public health spheres, the agricultural RD&E corporations also have started to invest some resources in areas of research which have externality implications. However, the assessment processes they use typically have not kept up with these changes, and some are questioning the basis of the current approaches when whole-of-chain and externality issues are important considerations. In this paper, the idea that agricultural value chain RD&E results in ‘chain goods’ is linked with Swann’s idea of a ‘club goods solution’ to research funding, to argue that a ‘chain goods solution’ can be a viable means of funding research activity that relates to agricultural value chains. Thus, members of a value chain need not rely solely on government to fund value chain RD&E. A set of criteria is suggested to determine who should fund RD&E activities in Australian agricultural value chains depending on the relative balance between expected private, chain and social benefits.
Developmental Pathways of Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges
Creators: name: Annika Basak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The history of cancer vaccine research goes back to 1891 when the famous Coley’s toxin wasadministered to boost a patient’s immune system by Dr. William Coley in New York. Since then, there hasbeen intensive research in developing cancer vaccines, with a lot of promise but with limited clinical success,until recently. This is evident from the fact that the FDA approved the first cancer vaccine only in 1991.This all changed with the discovery of checkpoint inhibitors in 1995. The past two decades have seentremendous advancements in cancer immunotherapy, a form of cancer vaccine which uses the body’simmune system to fight cancer, rather than just train to recognize cancer. Improved understanding ofmechanisms by which the cancer cells evade the immune system have led to therapeutic treatments tocounteract the evasion mechanism. In this review, I have examined the evasion techniques employed bycancer cells to hide from the immune system, advancements in the counteracting approaches to reverse theseroadblocks which have led to several different cancer immunotherapies and have identified several gaps inour understanding of cancer, all of which are potential areas for further research. These are promising timesin the fields of immunology and cancer immunotherapy research.
Synthesis, characterization, theoretical investigation and biological Screening of metal-II complexes of derived from (E)-4-(((3- aminopyrazin-2-yl)methylene)amino)benzoic acid
Creators: name: Dr.N. KOTILINGAIAH
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this study, the impact of aldehyde on anilin was investigated. Two residues of bases were found to be isomers with the bases, which formed when anilin was applied to fatty acids and its hydroxyl group. Two diamides were also found to be isomers with the bases, which formed when anilin was applied to fatty acids and its hydroxyl group. The first two residues were known as beta hydroxy acids, the last as acyl-hydroxy acids. The study also investigated the effects of substituting aniline with aldehyde, revealing that a third series of diamides were formed after the reaction. These compounds rely on a series of diamides, which are isomers with aethylenamine and semen hydroxyl group. It is expected that other substituting aldehydes would produce new diamides. The results and findings from the study provide insight into the effects of aniline on aldehyde and its effects on fatty acids. The study also highlights the potential for further research on the effects of natriomamalgams on allantoin [1]. Chitosan, a naturally occurring amino-polysaccharide, has gained attention for its antifungal properties due to its unique physiochemical characteristics and biological activities.
Additional file 2 of MicroRNA-195 prevents hippocampal microglial/macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype induced by chronic brain hypoperfusion through regulating CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling
Creators: name: Mao, Meng
name: Xu, Yi
name: Zhang, Xin-Yu
name: Yang, Lin
name: An, Xiao-bin
name: Qu, Yang
name: Chai, Ya-ni
name: Wang, Yan-Ru
name: Li, Ting-ting
name: Ai, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Fig. S1. The gating strategy of microglia. Debris and aggregates were eliminated from the analysis by forward- and side-scatter characteristics (small plots). The alive myeloid cells were further identified by CD11b and CD45. Microglia were sorted using CD11b+/ CD45low as a marker.
Drosophila quinqueromosa Hardy and Kaneshiro 2001
Creators: name: Rampasso, Augusto Santos
name: O'Grady, Patrick Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Psathyrellaceae
Drosophila
Drosophila quinqueromosa

description: Drosophila quinqueromosa Hardy and Kaneshiro, 2001, in Hardy et al. 2001
Distribution: Endemic: Maui
Additional References: Leblanc et al. (2013)
description: Published as part of Rampasso, Augusto Santos & O'Grady, Patrick Michael, 2022, Distribution and Taxonomy of Endemic and Introduced Drosophilidae in Hawaii, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5106 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5106.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6336841
A spin foam model for pure gauge theory coupled to quantum gravity
Creators: name: Oriti, Daniele
name: Pfeiffer, Hendryk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a spin foam model for pure gauge fields coupled to Riemannian quantum gravity in four dimensions. The model is formulated for the triangulation of a four-manifold which is given merely combinatorially. The Riemannian Barrett--Crane model provides the gravity sector of our model and dynamically assigns geometric data to the given combinatorial triangulation. The gauge theory sector is a lattice gauge theory living on the same triangulation and obtains from the gravity sector the geometric information which is required to calculate the Yang--Mills action. The model is designed so that one obtains a continuum approximation of the gauge theory sector at an effective level, similarly to the continuum limit of lattice gauge theory, when the typical length scale of gravity is much smaller than the Yang--Mills scale.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure, v2: details clarified, references added
Investigating and Supporting Sensemaking within Online Health Communities
Creators: Nakikj, Drashko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information science
subject: Computer science
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Medical informatics
subject: Online social networks
subject: Medical sciences

description: This dissertation focuses on understanding and supporting individual and collective sensemaking within online health communities (OHCs). This major goal was achieved in three aims. In Aim 1, this dissertation contributes a rich descriptive account of collective sensemaking in OHCs forums by describing how it occurs and develops, what triggers it, what elements constitute collective construction of meaning, and what conversational moves positively contribute to this process. Further, it describes how collective sensemaking in OHCs is impacted by the interplay between informational and socio-emotional needs of OHCs members. Moreover, it examines how design of different social computing platforms influences OHCs members’ ability to meet their informational and socio-emotional needs and engage in collective sensemaking. In Aim 2, this dissertation explores the design space of tools for supporting individual sensemaking through optimized information access. Through the design and evaluation of a prototype DisVis it examines the impact of such tools on OHCs members’ ability to understand information within discussion threads. In the final Aim 3, this dissertation proposes a novel approach for meeting the three main needs identified in Aims 1 and 2: promoting individual sensemaking, while at the same time encouraging collective sensemaking, and facilitating development of social awareness and ties among community members. The design and evaluation of the novel solution for visualizing discussion threads that synergistically addresses these three needs—dSense—provides insights for future research and design of interactive solutions for supporting individual and collective sensemaking within OHCs.
Homeomorphisms of unimodal inverse limit spaces with a non-recurrent postcritical point
Creators: name: Block, Louis
name: Keesling, James
name: Raines, Brian
name: Stimac, Sonja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we show that the group of automorphisms of a non-recurrent tent map inverse limit is very simple by demonstrating that every homeomorphism of such a space is isotopic to a power of the induced shift homeomorphism.
Additional file 3 of MicroRNA-195 prevents hippocampal microglial/macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype induced by chronic brain hypoperfusion through regulating CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling
Creators: name: Mao, Meng
name: Xu, Yi
name: Zhang, Xin-Yu
name: Yang, Lin
name: An, Xiao-bin
name: Qu, Yang
name: Chai, Ya-ni
name: Wang, Yan-Ru
name: Li, Ting-ting
name: Ai, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Fig. S2. MiR-195 prevents LPS induced activation of microglia towards M1 profile of cultured BV2 cells. A. Representative images of CD68 or CD206 expression in Iba-1+BV2 cells by immunofluorescence staining after transfection of NC, miR-195, AMO-195, miR-195+AMO-195, LPS or LPS+miR-195.Scale bar: 40 μm. B&C. Quantification of the percentage of CD68 (B) or CD206 (C) in Iba-1+ BV2 cells. D. Quantification of the ratio of CD68/CD206 in BV2 cells. Bars represent the mean ± SD.; n= 9 from 3 batches of cell culture. *P<0.05 vs NC; #P<0.05 vs AMO-195; $P<0.05 vs LPS. All data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test.
Dust control option for Williston Reservoir : preliminary recommendation
Creators: name: Arocena, Joselito M.
name: Young, Jane P.
name: Baker, Doug
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Williston Reservoir is the largest reservoir in British Columbia and covers an area of approximately 180,000 ha along the Rocky Mountain trench. The water level fluctuates from an average of 656 to 670 m above sea level between the months of April and September. During low pool, dust storms frequently occur from wind erosion of large areas of foreshore subjected to the prevailing southeasterly winds. The dust storms create a hazard for air navigation and problems for the First Nations village of Tsay Keh. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of dust generation and use of vegetation as a possible reclamation method to control wind erosion. Soil samples were collected from potential sources of dust based on exposure, accessibility, and proximity to Tsay Keh village. Results of particle size analysis showed that the amounts of particles <0.840 mm range from 83 to 99%. Using the wind erosion equation, the predicted total soil loss ranges from 40 to 104 Mg soil ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Our estimates indicate that the establishment of 30% vegetation cover will reduce soil loss by 80% and increasing the cover to 60% will decrease soil loss to 5%. For areas that remain exposed for at least four months, vegetation cover may include growing of annuals (e.g., rye) and sedges. For areas that are inundated early in the spring, options may include "amphibious" plants, that can survive in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.
اعطای امتیاز تشویقی به هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه‌ها و پژوهشگاه‌ها در قبال هدایت و مشاوره پروژه‌های کسری/جایگزین خدمت
Creators: name: AmirMohammad Abhary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: اقدام مناسب و هماهنگ ستاد کل نیروهای مسلح و بنیاد ملی نخبگان در قبال به‌کارگیری نخبگان در قابل جایگزین خدمت و همچنین برنامه‌های اعطای کسر خدمت به فارغ‌التحصیلان مقاطع تحصیلات تکمیلی در قبال انجام پروژه‌های کسر خدمت، در سال‌های اخیر باعث افزایش بهره‌مندی مشمولین این حوزه از تسهیلات در نظر گرفته شده است. یکی از چالش‌های این حوزه که بعضاً منجر به زمان‌بر شدن فرآیند نیز می‌شود بافتن و تعیین استاد راهنما و مشاور برای این پروژه‌ها است. به‌راحتی می‌توان با هماهنگی با وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری و همچنین وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی این مسئله را مرتفع نمود.
On Noncommutative Geometric Regularisation
Creators: name: Kempf, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies in string theory and in quantum gravity suggest the existence of a finite lower bound to the possible resolution of lengths which, quantum theoretically, takes the form of a minimal uncertainty in positions $Δx_0$. A finite minimal uncertainty in momenta $Δp_0$ has been motivated from the absence of plane waves on generic curved spaces. Both effects can be described as small noncommutative geometric features of space-time. In a path integral approach to the formulation of field theories on noncommutative geometries, we can now generally prove IR regularisation for the case of noncommutative geometries which imply minimal uncertainties $Δp_0$ in momenta.
description: LaTex, 9 pages
QED effects are negligible for neutron-star spin-down
Creators: name: Ripoche, Paul
name: Heyl, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy loss of a rotationally powered pulsar is primarily carried away as electromagnetic radiation and a particle wind. Considering that the magnetic field strength of pulsars ranges from about $10^8$ to $10^{15}$ G, one could expect quantum electrodynamics (QED) to play a role in their spin-down, especially for strongly magnetized ones (magnetars). In fact several authors have argued that QED corrections will dominate the spin-down for slowly rotating stars. They called this effect quantum vacuum friction (QVF). However, QVF was originally derived using a problematic self-torque technique, which leads to a dramatic overestimation of this spin-down effect. Here, instead of using QVF, we explicitly calculate the energy loss from rotating neutron stars using the Poynting vector and a model for a particle wind, and we include the QED one-loop corrections. We express the excess emission as QED one-loop corrections to the radiative magnetic moment of a neutron star. We do find a small component of the spin-down luminosity that originates from the vacuum polarization. However, it never exceeds one percent of the classical magnetic dipole radiation in neutron stars for all physically interesting field strengths. Therefore, we find that the radiative corrections of QED are irrelevant in the energetics of neutron-star spin-down.
Investigating mechanisms of hemodynamic control in the brain
Creators: Chen, Brenda Ru
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Neurovascular coupling is the relationship between neural activity and blood flow that allows the brain to exhibit increases in blood flow to areas of elevated neural activity during sensory stimulation. It is these localized changes in blood flow, collectively known as the hemodynamic response, that are detected by modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Intact neurovascular coupling is imperative to neural health as de-coupling of neural activity from blood flow modulations has been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia, traumatic brain injury, and ischemic stroke. Despite the importance of neurovascular coupling for both fMRI interpretation and neurological disease, the mechanisms underlying the control of blood flow in the brain remain poorly understood. While previous studies have proposed a range of different cellular mechanisms capable of mediating vascular changes in the brain, it remains difficult to reconcile these mechanisms with a unified theory that is also consistent with the complex spatiotemporal features of the hemodynamic response. The goal of this dissertation is to study the vascular components of the hemodynamic response and the cellular mechanisms that orchestrate them. Using novel high-speed multi-spectral optical imaging of the exposed rodent somatosensory cortex, a detailed characterization of the cortical hemodynamic response is conducted. These observations guide cellular level two-photon microscopy of neural and glial cell activity. The precise spatiotemporal characteristics of the neurovascular response elucidated in these in vivo studies are then used to construct and constrain a conceptual framework for the signaling and actuation pathways that orchestrate the hemodynamic response. To test this framework, targeted light-dye treatment and optogenetic stimulation are used to selectively activate or deactivate targeted signaling pathways. The findings of this research strongly suggest that at least two different mechanisms control the sensory-evoked blood flow response, the first of which critically depends on the vascular endothelium.
Drosophila pretiosa Hardy 1965
Creators: name: Rampasso, Augusto Santos
name: O'Grady, Patrick Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Psathyrellaceae
Drosophila
Drosophila pretiosa

description: Drosophila pretiosa Hardy, 1965
Distribution: Endemic: Oahu
 Additional References: Hardy et al. (2001)
description: Published as part of Rampasso, Augusto Santos & O'Grady, Patrick Michael, 2022, Distribution and Taxonomy of Endemic and Introduced Drosophilidae in Hawaii, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5106 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5106.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6336841
تشکیل واحدهای مستندسازی و استفاده از مشمولین متخصص
Creators: name: AmirMohammad Abhary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: با توجه به تعداد بالای سربازان در کشور همچنین تعدد مراکز به‌کارگیرنده، به‌طورقطع اقدامات و فعالیت‌های مناسبی توسط بسیاری از این مراکز صورت می‌پذیرد اما متأسفانه به دلیل ضعف و بعضاً نبود سازوکار مستندسازی و متولی برای این امر در سازمان‌ها، عملاً نمی‌توان از اقدامات صورت پذیرفته بهره‌برداری لازم را نمود و این باعث خسارات بسیار زیادی برای سازمان‌ها و در نهایت ستاد کل نیروهای مسلح است. میتان به ارحتی با سماندهی متخصصان این حوزه که به‌عنوان نیروی سرباز اعزام می‌شوند، فرآیندهای مستندسازی را در سازمان‌ها نهادینه نمود.
Hedonic wine price functions with different prices
Creators: name: Oczkowski, Edward
name: Oczkowski, Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: hedonic estimation
subject: retail prices
subject: wine prices
subject: wine quality

description: This study examines the impact that recommended retail prices, actual market prices and the release of a prominent wine guide have on Australian wine hedonic price estimates, for attributes such as sensory quality, winery reputation and grape region. In general, hedonic price estimates appear to be independent of prices employed. The main identified differences in estimates relate to the size of the producer and some regional impacts. For market prices only, increases in producer size are estimated to reduce prices. This implies the existence of supply chain quantity discounting price practices. The impact of an authoritative wine guide appears to have a negligible influence on prices in Australia. In the absence of market transaction prices, the common practice of employing recommended prices for hedonic wine price estimation is defendable.
The Probability Distribution of Binary Pulsar Coalescence Rates. I. Double Neutron Star Systems in the Galactic Field
Creators: name: Kim, C.
name: Kalogera, V.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimates of the Galactic coalescence rate (R) of close binaries with two neutron stars (NS-NS) are known to be uncertain by large factors (about two orders of magnitude) mainly due to the small number of systems detected as binary radio pulsars. We present an analysis method that allows us to estimate the Galactic NS-NS coalescence rate using the current observed sample and, importantly, to assign a statistical significance to these estimates and to calculate the allowed ranges of values at various confidence levels. The method involves the simulation of selection effects inherent in all relevant radio pulsar surveys and a Bayesian statistical analysis for the probability distribution of the rate. The most likely values for the total Galactic coalescence rate (R_peak) lie in the range 2-60 per Myr depending on different pulsar population models. For our reference model 1, where the most likely estimates of pulsar population properties are adopted, we obtain R_tot = 8_{-5}^{+9} per Myr at a 68% statistical confidence level. The corresponding range of expected detection rates of NS-NS inspiral are 3_{-2}^{+4}x10^{-3} per yr for the initial LIGO and 18_{-11}^{+21} per yr for the advanced LIGO.
description: 28 pages including 7 figures, minor revisions, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Role of communication technologies in broadacre agriculture in Australia: an empirical analysis using panel data
Creators: name: Salim, Ruhul
name: Mamun, Shamsul Arifeen Khan
name: Hassan, Kamrul
name: Salim, Ruhul
name: Mamun, Shamsul Arifeen Khan
name: Hassan, Kamrul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agriculture production
subject: co-integration
subject: information and communication technology
subject: pooled mean group regression

description: This paper examines the role of communication technologies (CTs) in Australian broadacre agricultural production using data over the period of 1990–2013. Allowing for cross-sectional independence in the data, the pooled mean group and augmented mean group techniques are applied to estimate dynamic relationships among variables. The empirical results demonstrate that CTs affect agricultural output positively in the long run. The estimated elasticity is 0.237. This result suggests that government policies that lift investment in telecommunication facilities are shown to contribute to an increase of output in Australia’s broadacre agriculture in the long run.
An Inertial Newton Algorithm for Deep Learning
Creators: name: Castera, Camille
name: Bolte, Jérôme
name: Févotte, Cédric
name: Pauwels, Edouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new second-order inertial optimization method for machine learning called INNA. It exploits the geometry of the loss function while only requiring stochastic approximations of the function values and the generalized gradients. This makes INNA fully implementable and adapted to large-scale optimization problems such as the training of deep neural networks. The algorithm combines both gradient-descent and Newton-like behaviors as well as inertia. We prove the convergence of INNA for most deep learning problems. To do so, we provide a well-suited framework to analyze deep learning loss functions involving tame optimization in which we study a continuous dynamical system together with its discrete stochastic approximations. We prove sublinear convergence for the continuous-time differential inclusion which underlies our algorithm. Additionally, we also show how standard optimization mini-batch methods applied to non-smooth non-convex problems can yield a certain type of spurious stationary points never discussed before. We address this issue by providing a theoretical framework around the new idea of $D$-criticality; we then give a simple asymptotic analysis of INNA. Our algorithm allows for using an aggressive learning rate of $o(1/\log k)$. From an empirical viewpoint, we show that INNA returns competitive results with respect to state of the art (stochastic gradient descent, ADAGRAD, ADAM) on popular deep learning benchmark problems.
description: To appear in Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR), Volume 22, acceptance date: 5/21
تغییر رویکرد خدمت وظیفه از شیوه اداری مرسوم به پروژه محوری
Creators: name: AmirMohammad Abhary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: سال‌هاست در دنیا بحث شیوه‌های نوین مدیریت کسب‌وکار و بهینه‌سازی نیروی انسانی و افزایش بازدهیِ آنان موردتوجه محققین این حوزه واقع شده است. درحالی‌که در اکثر شرکت‌ها و ادارات بدون توجه به کیفیت نیروی کار، پرداختی کارکنان و معیار قضاوت آنان صرفاً بر اساس ساعات و روزهای حضوری آنان بر سر کار است، باید به این نکته توجه نمود بسیارند افرادی که با دورکاری می‌توانند موفق‌تر عمل کنند و یا حتی به ازای دریافت یک روز استراحت میان یک هفته کاری می‌توانند بازدهی چندین برابری برای سازمان به‌کارگیرنده به ارمغان بیاورند، مسئله‌ای که در اکثر مؤسسات و ادارات به‌کارگیرنده سربازان به سبب اصلاح به‌کارگیری پادگانی افراد، کم‌تر موردتوجه قرار می‌گیرد.
On the power counting of loop diagrams in general relativity
Creators: name: Donoghue, J. F.
name: Torma, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of loop diagrams in general relativity appears to have a behavior which would upset the utility of the energy expansion for quantum effects. We show through the study of specific diagrams that cancellations occur which restore the expected behaviour of the energy expansion. By considering the power counting in a physical gauge we show that the apparent bad behavior is a gauge artifact, and that the quantum loops enter with a well behaved energy expansion.
description: 29 pages, uses axodraw and epsfig.tex, one small .eps file is included. The full PostScript version is also available as http://het.phast.umass.edu/students/kakukk/powercount_hepth.ps
Investigating the Effect of Utilizing Learning Analytics on Stem Teachers’ Efficacy, Resiliency, and Data Analytics Knowledge
Creators: Lin, Cheng Yu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Educational technology
High school teachers--Training of
Lesson planning--Study and teaching

description: High novice teacher turnover rate and shortage of skilled novice teachers continue to be an unsolved issue in the U.S. educational system. Novice teachers often suffer low teaching efficacy which may reduce their teacher resiliency and lead to teacher turnover. Past studies suggested that novice teachers’ low teaching efficacy results from their scant teaching experience and their inability to assess impacts of their teaching on students. The failure for novice teachers to utilize effective pedagogies and improve student learning often results in elevated professional anxiety, frustration, and motivation to quit teaching. Recent studies pointed out that learning analytics could help novice teachers to teach more effectively by tapping into student data and data analytics. But how to structure a professional development for novice teachers to learn to utilize learning analytics in teaching remains a question. To address these issues, a survey study and a case study are conducted in this research. The survey study analyzed 72 teachers’ perceptions and experience of using learning analytics in teaching. The results indicated common barriers for teachers to use learning analytics such as lack of awareness of learning analytics, insufficient computer skills and math/statistics knowledge. Also, when teachers considered learning analytics useful their usage of learning analytics correlated positively with teaching efficacy and teacher resiliency. Built upon insights from the survey study, the case study recruited five novice teachers and investigated the effects of a learning analytics professional development. The results suggested that after the learning analytics professional development, all participants have generally improved their learning analytics knowledge, teaching efficacy, teacher resiliency, and developed higher confidence and intention to use learning analytics in future teaching. One implication of these results is that using teaching scenario could be an effective format to structure learning analytics professional development to improve novice teachers’ competence in assessing teaching practices and their teaching efficacy. Another implication is that learning analytics professional development could be implemented as intervention in teacher education programs to reduce the likelihood of teacher turnover before novice teachers start teaching formally.
Investigating the Construct of Topical Knowledge in a Scenario-Based Assessment Designed to Simulate Real-Life Second Language Use
Creators: Banerjee, Heidi Liu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Educational tests and measurements
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
subject: Language and languages--Ability testing
subject: Second language acquisition
subject: Educational technology

description: The vast development of digital technology and the widespread use of social network platforms have reshaped how we live in the world. For L2 learners to maximally utilize their language proficiency to function effectively as members of modern society, they need not only the necessary L2 knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) but also essential topical knowledge. While many researchers believe that topical knowledge should be viewed as an integral component of L2 communicative competence, the role of topical knowledge has not always been accounted for in an assessment context due to the difficulty of operationalizing the construct.
      Scenario-based assessment, an innovative, technology-based assessment approach, allows great affordances for expanding the measured constructs of an assessment. It is designed expressly for learners to demonstrate their KSAs in a context that simulates real-life language use. Through the utilization of a sequence of thematically-related tasks, along with simulated character interaction, scenario-based assessment offers opportunities to examine L2 learners’ communicative competence in a purposeful, interactive, and contextually meaningful manner.
      In this study, a scenario-based language assessment (SBLA) was developed to measure high-intermediate L2 learners’ topical knowledge and their L2 KSAs as part of the broadened construct of L2 communicative competence. To fulfill the scenario goal, learners were required to demonstrate their listening, reading, and writing abilities to build and share knowledge. In addition, learners’ prior topical knowledge was measured and their topical learning was tracked using the same set of topical knowledge items.
      A total of 118 adult EFL learners participated in the study. The results showed that the SBLA served as an appropriate measure of high-intermediate learners’ L2 proficiency. The topical knowledge items were found to function appropriately, supporting the use of the SBLA to measure topical knowledge as part of the broadened construct of communicative competence. In addition, most learners exhibited substantial topical learning over the course of the SBLA, suggesting that with proper contextualization, learning can be facilitated within an assessment. In sum, this study demonstrated the potential value of scenario-based assessment as an approach to measure complex constructs of communicative language competence in L2 contexts
Investigating objective markers of ADHD across development: Micromovements and reaction time variability
Creators: Anderson, David Marshall
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Clinical psychology
subject: Developmental psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recent research has demonstrated the importance of endophenotypes, intermediate constructs between genotype and phenotype which index the risk for developing a particular disorder, in better defining developmental pathways to ADHD. This study involved an investigation of two promising candidate ADHD endophenotypes, intrasubject variability in reaction time (ISV RT) and infrared measures of micromovements, examining the potential of these endophenotypes in differentiating between ADHD and typically developing (TD) populations. All participants completed a diagnostic and cognitive assessment followed by an experimental task, the McLean Motion and Attention Test System (MMAT), in which data related to ISV RT and micromovements was collected. Results indicated significant differentiation between ADHD and TD samples according to a number of measures of micromovements, with small to medium effect sizes (Eta squared=.039-.059) in a child/adolescent sample as well as generally large effect sizes (Eta squared=.203-.270) in an adult sample. Building on previous work with child/adolescent populations, this study represents the first attempt to extend research on micromovements to adult populations, providing support for the utility of this endophenotype across the lifespan. Results related to ISV RT were inconsistent, as measures contributing to significant differentiation between ADHD and TD populations differed between child/adolescent and adult samples. Finally, correlations between movement variables and age illustrate that while indicators of hyperactive/impulsive movements decrease over time in both ADHD and TD samples, significant differences between ADHD and TD populations appear to be maintained throughout the lifespan. Implications for further research aimed at better defining the psychobiology of ADHD are discussed, noting the importance of the micromovement endophenotype in contributing to a broader understanding of the complexity of ADHD.
استقرار ایزو (ISO) توسط متخصصان مشمول در ازای کسر / جایگزین خدمت
Creators: name: AmirMohammad Abhary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: استانداردها اغلب با هدف بهبود شرایط محصولات و یا خدمات عرضه می‌شوند. دراین‌بین برخی سازمان‌ها با هدف دستیابی به توسعه هر چه بهتر و بیش‌تر و همچنین بهینه‌سازی نیروی انسانی و منابع اقتصادی، نسبت به استقرار ایزوهای مرتبط در سازمان خود می‌نمایند. متأسفانه در بحث نیروی سرباز و سازمان‌های مرتبط اعم از نظامی و غیرنظامی شاهد آن هستیم که سازمان‌ها با آشفتگی و نبود فرآیندها و استاندارهای از پیش تعیین‌شده مواجه هستند، به‌نحوی‌که خود و نیروی در اختیار با نمی‌توانند مدیریت کنند. دراین‌بین می‌توان با توجه به وجود هزاران متخصص استقرار ایزو در بین مشمولین و یا سربازان، با برنامه‌ریزی جهت اعطای کسر / جایگزین خدمت از این نیروها باری بهبود وضعیت ساختاری و ساماندهی ستاد کل نیروهای مسلح و سازمان‌های تابعه استفاده نمود.
Operations on Cyclic Homology, the X Complex, and a Conjecture of Deligne
Creators: name: Khalkhali, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this article is to relate recent developments in cyclic homology theory with the theory of operads and homotopical algebra, and hence to provide a general framework to define and study operations in cyclic homology theory.
description: One crucial new reference is added. Comments in the introduction about the previous attempts to prove Deligne's conjecture is corrected. To appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics. This is a mildly revised version of the original preprint that was announced on December 1996
Reaction-diffusion fronts under stochastic advection
Creators: name: Marti, A. C.
name: Sagues, F.
name: Sancho, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study front propagation in stirred media using a simplified modelization of the turbulent flow. Computer simulations reveal the existence of the two limiting propagation modes observed in recent experiments with liquid phase isothermal reactions. These two modes respectively correspond to a wrinkled although sharp propagating interface and to a broadened one. Specific laws relative to the enhancement of the front velocity in each regime are confirmed by our simulations.
description: 4 pages, REVTEX, 2 postscript figures included. To appear in Phys. Rev. E (August 1997)
Drosophila melanosoma Grimshaw 1901
Creators: name: Rampasso, Augusto Santos
name: O'Grady, Patrick Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Psathyrellaceae
Drosophila
Drosophila melanosoma

description: Drosophila melanosoma Grimshaw, 1901
Distribution: Endemic: Kauai
 Additional References: Hardy (1965); Hardy et al. (2001); O’Grady & Zilversmit (2004); Throckmorton (1966)
description: Published as part of Rampasso, Augusto Santos & O'Grady, Patrick Michael, 2022, Distribution and Taxonomy of Endemic and Introduced Drosophilidae in Hawaii, pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 5106 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5106.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6336841
Rotating Einstein-Yang-Mills Black Holes
Creators: name: Kleihaus, B.
name: Kunz, J.
name: Navarro-Lerida, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct rotating hairy black holes in SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills theory. These stationary axially symmetric black holes are asymptotically flat. They possess non-trivial non-Abelian gauge fields outside their regular event horizon, and they carry non-Abelian electric charge. In the limit of vanishing angular momentum, they emerge from the neutral static spherically symmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills black holes, labelled by the node number of the gauge field function. With increasing angular momentum and mass, the non-Abelian electric charge of the solutions increases, but remains finite. The asymptotic expansion for these black hole solutions includes non-integer powers of the radial variable.
description: 63 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Highly efficient biosynthesis of β-caryophyllene with a new sesquiterpene synthase from tobacco
Creators: name: Cheng, Tao
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Guo, Jing
name: Yang, Qing
name: Li, Yiting
name: Xian, Mo
name: Zhang, Rubing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sequences of TPS7. Table S2. Primers used in this study. Figure S1. Protein expression analysis of TPS. Figure S2. GC analysis of purified product. Figure S3. NMR analysis of β-caryophyllene. Figure S4. GC analysis of farnesyl acetate.
Model of black hole evolution
Creators: name: Russo, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the postulate that a black hole can be replaced by a boundary on the apparent horizon with suitable boundary conditions, an unconventional scenario for the evolution emerges. Only an insignificant fraction of energy of order $(mG)^{-1}$ is radiated out. The outgoing wave carries a very small part of the quantum mechanical information of the collapsed body, the bulk of the information remaining in the final stable black hole geometry.
description: 9 pages, harvmac, 3 figures, minor additions
به‌کارگیری مشمولان متخصص به‌عنوان کارشناس و دستیار کارشناس متخصص دادگستری
Creators: name: AmirMohammad Abhary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: سالیان سال است که در دنیا قضات برای صدور رأی در خصوص مسائل فنی و تخصصی، از کمک کارشناسان استفاده می‌کنند تا بتوانند به‌درستی و عادلانه قضاوت کنند و حق کسی دراین‌بین ضایع نشود. در ایران نیز کارشناسان رسمی در محاکم قضایی مختلف مشغول به کار هستند و قضات پس از اعلام نظر کارشناس رسمی، حکم خود را اعلام می‌کنند. از طرفی با توجه به گستردگی رشته‌ها و گرایش‌ها و همچنین هزینه‌های متصور برای دادرسی پرونده‌ها، می‌توان از نیروی سرباز متخصص و دارای صلاحیت به‌عنوان کارشناس رسمی و یا دستیار کارشناس رسمی در محاکم قضایی استفاده نمود.
Investigating the Effects of the MathemAntics Number Line Activity on Children's Number Sense
Creators: Creighan, Samantha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cognitive psychology
Educational technology
Mathematics--Study and teaching

description: Number sense, which can broadly thought of as the ability to quickly understand, approximate, and manipulate numerical quantities, can be a difficult construct for researchers to operationally define for empirical study. Regardless, many researchers agree it plays an important role in the development of the symbolic number system, which requires children to master many tasks such as counting, indentifying numerals, comparing magnitudes, transforming numbers and performing operations, estimating, and detecting number patterns, skills which are predictive of later math achievement. The number line is a powerful model of symbolic number consistent with researchers' hypotheses concerning the mental representation of number. The MathemAntics Number Line Activity (MANL) transforms the number line into a virtual manipulative, encourages estimation, provides multiple attempts, feedback, and scaffolding, and introduces a novel features where the user can define his own level of risk on the number line. The aim of the present study was to examine how these key features of MANL are best implemented to promote number sense in low-income second-graders. Sixty-six students from three schools were randomly assigned to one of three conditions; MANL User-Defined Range (UDR), and MANL Fixed Range (FR), and a Reading comparison condition and underwent a pretest session, four computer sessions, and a posttest session. During the computer sessions, researchers coded a child's observed strategy in placing targets on the number line. The results showed that children with higher number sense ability at pretest performed better on a posttest number line estimation measure when they were in the UDR condition than in the FR condition. Conversely, children with low number sense ability at pretest performed better on the number line estimation posttest measure when they were in the FR condition than UDR. Although in general, all children improved over time, children with low number sense ability at pretest were more likely to use the UDR tool ineffectively, thus negatively impacting performance. When children were not coded as responding quickly, target number significantly impacted performance in the computer sessions. Finally, children in the UDR condition utilized better expressed strategies on the number line estimation posttest than children in the Reading comparison group. These findings indicate that prior number sense ability plays a role in how children engage with MANL, which in turn affects the learning benefits the child receives. Implications for researchers, software designers, and math educators, as well as limitations are discussed.
Ferroelectric ZrO$_{2}$ monolayers as buffer layers between SrTiO$_{3}$ and Si
Creators: name: Dogan, Mehmet
name: Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A monolayer of ZrO$_{2}$ has recently been grown on the Si(001) surface and shown to have ferroelectric properties, which signifies the realization of the lowest possible thickness in ferroelectric oxides [M. Dogan et al., Nano Lett., 18 (1) (2018)]. In our previous computational study, we reported on the multiple (meta)stable configurations of ZrO$_{2}$ monolayers on Si, and how switching between a pair of differently polarized configurations may explain the observed ferroelectric behavior of these films [M. Dogan and S. Ismail-Beigi, arXiv:1902.01022 (2019)]. In the current study, we conduct a DFT-based investigation of (i) the effect of oxygen content on the ionic polarization of the oxide, and (ii) the role of zirconia monolayers as buffer layers between silicon and a thicker oxide film that is normally paraelectric on silicon, e.g. SrTiO$_{3}$. We find that (i) total energy-vs-polarization behavior of the monolayers, as well as interface chemistry, is highly dependent on the oxygen content; and (ii) SrTiO$_{3}$/ZrO$_{2}$/Si stacks exhibit multiple (meta)stable configurations and polarization profiles, i.e. zirconia monolayers can induce ferroelectricity in oxides such as SrTiO$_{3}$ when used as a buffer layer. This may enable a robust non-volatile device architecture where the thickness of the gate oxide (here strontium titanate) can be chosen according to the desired properties.
title: Imperium oder Hegemonie? Folge 4: Die frühen Ming (1368 - 1435) und die Restauration des Tributsystems
Creators: name: Menzel, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Institut für Sozialwissenschaften (ISW)
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 951

description: Forschungsberichte aus dem Institut für Sozialwissenschaften (ISW), vol. 82