cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermally activated particle motion in biased correlated Gaussian disorder potentials
Creators: name: Valov, Alexander
name: Levi, Netanel
name: Meerson, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally activated particle motion in disorder potentials is controlled by the large-$ΔV$ tail of the distribution of height $ΔV$ of the potential barriers created by the disorder. We employ the optimal fluctuation method to evaluate this tail for correlated quenched Gaussian potentials in one dimension in the presence of a small bias of the potential. We focus on the mean escape time (MET) of overdamped particles averaged over the disorder. We show that the bias leads to a strong (exponential) reduction of the MET in the direction along the bias. The reduction depends both on the bias, and on detailed properties of the covariance of the disorder, such as its derivatives and asymptotic behavior at large distances. We verify our theoretical predictions for the large-$ΔV$ tail of the barrier height distribution, as well as earlier predictions of this tail for zero bias, by performing large-deviation simulations of the potential disorder. The simulations employ correlated random potential sampling based on the circulant embedding method and the Wang-Landau algorithm, which enable us to probe probability densities smaller than $10^{-1200}$.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
CBS News/New York Times Poll: Florida State Survey
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Voter registration(1); opinion of political leaders(5); voting intention(6); support for candidates(2); political interest(2); candidates(6); Bush job performance(4); hurricane Andrew(22); economy(7); voting record(2); party preference(2); ideology(1).
One-step Pulsed Laser Deposition of Metal oxynitride/Carbon Composites for Supercapacitor Application
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subrata
name: Pagani, Giacomo
name: Righi, Massimilano
name: Hou, Chengxi
name: Russo, Valeria
name: Casari, Carlo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advanced material composite of nanocarbons and metal-based materials provides a synergistic effect to obtain excellent electrochemical charge-storage performance and other properties. Herein, 3D porous carbon-metal oxynitride nanocomposites with tunable carbon/metal and oxygen/nitrogen ratio are synthesized uniquely by simultaneous ablation from two different targets by single-step pulsed laser deposition at room temperature. Co-ablation of titanium and vanadium nitride targets together with graphite allowed us to synthesize carbon-metal oxynitride porous nanocomposite and exploit them as a binder-free thin film supercapacitor electrode in aqueous electrolyte. We show that the elemental composition ratio and hence the structural properties can be tuned by selecting target configuration and by manipulating the ablation position. We investigate how this tuning capability impacts their charge-storage performances. We anticipate the utilization of as-synthesized various composites in a single PLD production run as next-generation active materials for flexible energy storage and optoelectronic applications.
description: 18 pages, 8 Figures, 1 table, 9 figures in supplementary figures
Hawking evaporation cascade in presence of back reaction effect
Creators: name: Paul, Avik
name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cascade of Hawking emission spectrum from the event horizon in presence of one loop back reaction effect in a black hole background. The spacetime is taken here is the modified Schwarzschild one. The analysis shows that it is possible to decrease the sparsity with the decrease in black hole mass. Moreover, at some particular value of mass one has a continuous radiation cascade. This result is completely new and quite different from the usual one. An estimation of the mass for continuous one is also found. We see that the value is of the Planck mass order. In this process it is observed that under a physical background, below a particular value of the mass the Hawking radiation must stop and we have a remnant. This was absent in the earlier analysis.
description: New comments and refs. added, to appear in Int.J.Mod.Phys. A
Better Integrators for Functional Renormalization Group Calculations
Creators: name: Beyer, Jacob
name: Goth, Florian
name: Müller, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a variety of integration schemes for the momentum space functional renormalization group calculation with the goal of finding an optimized scheme. Using the square lattice $t-t'$ Hubbard model as a testbed we define and benchmark the quality. Most notably we define an error estimate of the solution for the ordinary differential equation circumventing the issues introduced by the divergences at the end of the FRG flow. Using this measure to control for accuracy we find a threefold reduction in number of required integration steps achievable by choice of integrator. We herewith publish a set of recommended choices for the functional renormalization group, shown to decrease the computational cost for FRG calculations and representing a valuable basis for further investigations.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
CBS News/New York Times Poll: Illinois State Survey
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Bush job performance(3); voter registration(1); opinion of political leaders(8); voting intention(7); support for candidates(2); candidates(5); economy situation(2); party preference(2); ideology(1); voting record(2); women in politics(1).
The first stars: a classification of CEMP-no stars
Creators: name: Maeder, Andre
name: Meynet, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and apply a new classification for the CEMP-no stars, which are "carbon-enhanced metal-poor" stars with no overabundance of s-elements and with [Fe/H] generally inferior or equal to -2.5. This classification is based on the changes in abundances for the elements and isotopes involved in the CNO, Ne-Na, and Mg-Al nuclear cycles. These abundances change very much owing to successive back and forth mixing motions between the He- and H-burning regions in massive stars (the "source stars" responsible for the chemical enrichment of the CEMP-no stars). The wide variety of the ratios [C/Fe], 12C/13C, [N/Fe], [O/Fe], [Na/Fe], [Mg/Fe], [Al/Fe], [Sr/Fe], and [Ba/Fe], which are the main characteristics making the CEMP-no and low s stars so peculiar, is described well in terms of the proposed nucleosynthetic classification. We note that the [(C+N+O)/Fe] ratios significantly increase for lower values of [Fe/H]. The classification of CEMP-no stars and the behavior of [(C+N+O)/Fe] support the presence, in the first stellar generations of the Galaxy, of fast-rotating massive stars experiencing strong mixing and mass loss (spinstars). This result has an impact on the early chemical and spectral evolution of the Galaxy.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
User interface design and usability testing: an application
Creators: name: Edrington, Victoria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999
Subjects: Human-computer interaction
Computer software--Development
User interfaces (Computer systems)

description: A user interface is a means of communicating a computer program's type, purpose, and function. If that communication is unclear, the software cannot be used properly. Usability testing is a way in which software engineers can ensure that these user interfaces are providing clear and useful communication. The goal of this project is to develop a usability test to determine how well a specific interface communicates the necessary information to its user and facilitates task completion. A list of recommended changes to the interface was produced from the results of the study.
The Virtual Splitter: Refactoring Web Applications for the Multiscreen Environment
Creators: name: Sarkis, Mira
name: Concolato, Cyril
name: Dufourd, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Creating web applications for the multiscreen environment is still a challenge. One approach is to transform existing single-screen applications but this has not been done yet automatically or generically. This paper proposes a refactor-ing system. It consists of a generic and extensible mapping phase that automatically analyzes the application content based on a semantic or a visual criterion determined by the author or the user, and prepares it for the splitting process. The system then splits the application and as a result delivers two instrumented applications ready for distribution across devices. During runtime, the system uses a mirroring phase to maintain the functionality of the distributed application and to support a dynamic splitting process. Developed as a Chrome extension, our approach is validated on several web applications, including a YouTube page and a video application from Mozilla.
The flaring activity of blazar AO 0235+164 during year 2021
Creators: name: Pedrosa, Juan Escudero
name: Agudo, Iván
name: Moritz, Till
name: Marscher, Alan P.
name: Jorstad, Svetlana
name: Tramacere, Andrea
name: Casadio, Carolina
name: Thum, Clemens
name: Myserlis, Ioannis
name: Sievers, Albrecht
name: Otero-Santos, Jorge
name: Morcuende, Daniel
name: López-Coto, Rubén
name: D'Ammando, Filippo
name: Bonnoli, Giacomo
name: Gurwell, Mark
name: Gómez, José Luis
name: Rao, Ramprasad
name: Keating, Garrett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The blazar AO 0235+164, located at redshift $z=0.94$, has displayed interesting and repeating flaring activity in the past, the latest episodes occurring in 2008 and 2015. In 2020, the source brightened again, starting a new flaring episode that peaked in 2021. Aims. We study the origin and properties of the 2021 flare in relation to previous studies and the historical behavior of the source, in particular to the 2008 and 2015 flaring episodes. Methods. We analyze the multi-wavelength photo-polarimetric evolution of the source. From Very Long Baseline Array images, we derive the kinematic parameters of new components associated with the 2021 flare. We use this information to constrain a model for the spectral energy distribution of the emission during the flaring period. We propose an analytical geometric model to test whether the observed wobbling of the jet is consistent with precession. Results. We report the appearance of two new components that are ejected in a different direction than previously, confirming the wobbling of the jet. We find that the direction of ejection is consistent with that of a precessing jet.The derived period independently agrees with the values commonly found in the literature. Modeling of the spectral energy distribution further confirm that the differences between flares can be attributed to geometrical effects.
description: Accepted 15 May 2024
On the stable Harbourne conjecture for ideals defining space monomial curves
Creators: name: Fukumuro, Kosuke
name: Irie, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F20, 13C40

description: For the ideal $\mathfrak{p}$ in $k[x, y, z]$ defining a space monomial curve, we show that $\mathfrak{p}^{(2 n - 1)} \subseteq \mathfrak{m} \mathfrak{p}^{n}$ for some positive integer $n$, where $\mathfrak{m}$ is the maximal ideal $(x, y, z)$. Moreover, the smallest such $n$ is determined. It turns out that there is a counterexample to a claim due to Grifo, Huneke, and Mukundan, which states that $\mathfrak{p}^{(3)} \subseteq \mathfrak{m} \mathfrak{p}^2$ if $k$ is a field of characteristic not $3$; however, the stable Harbourne conjecture holds for space monomial curves as they claimed.
Ultrahigh and persistent optical depths of caesium in Kagomé-type hollow-core photonic crystal fibres
Creators: name: Kaczmarek, Krzysztof T.
name: Saunders, Dylan J.
name: Sprague, Michael R.
name: Kolthammer, W. Steven
name: Feizpour, Amir
name: Ledingham, Patrick M.
name: Brecht, Benjamin
name: Poem, Eilon
name: Walmsley, Ian A.
name: Nunn, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali-filled hollow-core fibres are a promising medium for investigating light-matter interactions, especially at the single-photon level, due to the tight confinement of light and high optical depths achievable by light-induced atomic desorption. However, until now these large optical depths could only be generated for seconds at most once per day, severely limiting the practicality of the technology. Here we report the generation of highest observed transient ($>10^5$ for up to a minute) and highest observed persistent ($>2000$ for hours) optical depths of alkali vapours in a light-guiding geometry to date, using a caesium-filled Kagomé-type hollow-core photonic crystal fibre. Our results pave the way to light-matter interaction experiments in confined geometries requiring long operation times and large atomic number densities, such as generation of single-photon-level nonlinearities and development of single photon quantum memories.
description: Author Accepted version
K.-H. Haag, Metaphysik als Forderung rationaler Weltauffassung
Creators: name: Bensch, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: metaphysics
subject: critical theory
subject: reason
subject: theology
subject: criticism of positivism
subject: Metaphysik
subject: kritische Theorie
subject: Vernunft
subject: Theologie
subject: Positivismuskritik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie

description: Haag ergänzt mit seinem Text "Metaphysik als Forderung ..." sein Buch vom "Fortschritt in der Philosophie" um eine theologiekritische Position. So gewinnt er weitere Argumente für eine negative Metaphysik, für eine kritische Philosophie, die sich dem Wissenschaftsbetrieb und aber auch dem philosophischen Mainstream entgegenstellt.
Ergodic properties of bimodal circle maps
Creators: name: Crovisier, Sylvain
name: Guarino, Pablo
name: Palmisano, Liviana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give conditions that characterize the existence of an absolutely continuous invariant probability measure for a degree one $C^2$ endomorphism of the circle which is bimodal, such that all its periodic orbits are repelling, and such that both boundaries of its rotation interval are irrational numbers. Those conditions are satisfied when the boundary points of the rotation interval belong to a Diophantine class. In particular they hold for Lebesgue almost every rotation interval. The measure obtained is a global physical measure, and it is hyperbolic.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures. Comments are welcome
Entanglement Dynamics of Noisy Random Circuits
Creators: name: Li, Zhi
name: Sang, Shengqi
name: Hsieh, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process by which open quantum systems thermalize with an environment is both of fundamental interest and relevant to noisy quantum devices. As a minimal model of this process, we consider a qudit chain evolving under local random unitaries and local depolarization channels. After mapping to a statistical mechanics model, the depolarization (noise) acts like a symmetry-breaking field, and we argue that it causes the system to thermalize within a timescale independent of system size. We show that various bipartite entanglement measures -- mutual information, operator entanglement, and entanglement negativity -- grow at a speed proportional to the size of the bipartition boundary. As a result, these entanglement measures obey an area law: Their maximal value during the dynamics is bounded by the boundary instead of the volume. In contrast, if the depolarization only acts at the system boundary, then the maximum value of the entanglement measures obeys a volume law. We complement our analysis with scalable simulations involving Clifford gates, for both one- and two-dimensional systems.
A hide-and-seek game: Looking for Population III stars during the Epoch of Reionization through the HeII$λ$1640 line
Creators: name: Venditti, Alessandra
name: Bromm, Volker
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Calabrò, Antonello
name: Napolitano, Lorenzo
name: Graziani, Luca
name: Schneider, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas surrounding first-generation (Pop III) stars is expected to emit a distinct signature in the form of the HeII recombination line at 1640 Å (HeII$λ$1640). Here we explore the challenges and opportunities in identifying this elusive stellar population via the HeII$λ$1640 in $M_\star > 10^{7.5} ~ \mathrm{M_\odot}$ galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR, $z \simeq 6 - 10$), using JWST/NIRSpec. With this aim in mind, we combine cosmological dustyGadget simulations with analytical modeling of the intrinsic HeII emission. While tentative candidates with bright HeII emission like GN-z11 have been proposed in the literature, the prevalence of such bright systems remains unclear due to significant uncertainties involved in the prediction of the HeII luminosity. In fact, similar Pop III clumps might be almost two orders of magnitude fainter, primarily depending on the assumed Pop III-formation efficiency and initial mass function in star-forming clouds, while the effect of stellar mass loss is responsible for a factor of order unity. Moreover, up to $\sim 90 \%$ of these clumps might be missed with NIRSpec/MOS due to the limited FoV, while this problem appears to be less severe with NIRSpec/IFU. We investigate the potential of deep spectroscopy targeting peripheral Pop III clumps around bright, massive galaxies to achieve a clear detection of the first stars.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in APJL. Main changes: updated ETC version (Fig. 2); extended discussion on IMF/dust; discussion of LOS averaging when estimating geometrical losses (Fig. 4); comparison with Vikaeus+22, and implications for blind surveys; model/goals clarifications
Cancelling microwave crosstalk with fixed-frequency qubits
Creators: name: Nuerbolati, Wuerkaixi
name: Han, Zhikun
name: Chu, Ji
name: Zhou, Yuxuan
name: Tan, Xinsheng
name: Yu, Yang
name: Liu, Song
name: Yan, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalable quantum information processing requires that modular gate operations can be executed in parallel. The presence of crosstalk decreases the individual addressability, causing erroneous results during simultaneous operations. For superconducting qubits which operate in the microwave regime, electromagnetic isolation is often limited due to design constraints, leading to signal crosstalk that can deteriorate the quality of simultaneous gate operations. Here, we propose and demonstrate a method based on AC Stark effect for calibrating the microwave signal crosstalk. The method is suitable for processors based on fixed-frequency qubits which are known for high coherence and simple control. The optimal compensation parameters can be reliably identified from a well-defined interference pattern. We implement the method on an array of 7 superconducting qubits, and show its effectiveness in removing the majority of crosstalk errors.
Virtual Reference at U.S. Academic Libraries: A Website Analysis
Creators: name: Carlson, Rebecca B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: Academic libraries--Reference Services--Electronic
Web sites--Evaluation
Academic libraries--Reference services--United States

description: This study describes a website content analysis of virtual reference services at all U.S. academic libraries in the Association of Research Libraries (ARL). The study was conducted to determine the technology, terminology, visibility, accessibility, and design elements of virtual reference programs currently provided by academic libraries to their patrons. Analysis revealed that virtual reference is a widely popular service at ARL member libraries, though its application varies from institution to institution.
Origin of Symmetric Dimer Images of Si(001) Observed in Low-Temperature STM
Creators: name: Ren, Xiao-Yan
name: Kim, Hyun-Jung
name: Niu, Chun-Yao
name: Jia, Yu
name: Cho, Jun-Hyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been a long-standing puzzle why buckled dimers of the Si(001) surface appeared symmetric below 20 K in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments. Although such symmetric dimer images were concluded to be due to an artifact induced by STM measurements, its underlying mechanism is still veiled. Here,we demonstrate, based on a first-principles density-functional theory calculation, that the symmetric dimer images are originated from the flip-flop motion of buckled dimers, driven by quantum tunneling (QT). It is revealed that at low temperature the tunneling-induced surface charging with holes reduces the energy barrier for the flipping of buckled dimers, thereby giving rise to a sizable QT-driven frequency of the flip-flop motion. However, such a QT phenomenon becomes marginal in the tunneling-induced surface charging with electrons. Our findings provide an explanation for low-temperature STM data that exhibits apparent symmetric (buckled) dimer structure in the filled-state (empty-state) images.
description: 5 pages,4 figures
การจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้แบบจำลองเป็นฐาน เพื่อพัฒนาแบบจำลองทางความคิด เรื่อง โครงสร้างอะตอมและความเข้าใจธรรมชาติของ แบบจำลองของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 4
Creators: name: ภรทิพย์ สุภัทรชัยวงศ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยวลัยลักษณ์
Year: 2015
Subjects: การจัดการเรียนรู้โดยใช้แบบจําลองเป็นฐาน
แบบจําลองทางความคิด
ความเข้าใจธรรมชาติของแบบจําลอง
โครงสร้างอะตอม

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมการเรียนรู้ มหาวิทยาลัยวลัยลักษณ์, 1, 1, 97-174
Brain-Inspired Hyperdimensional Computing: How Thermal-Friendly for Edge Computing?
Creators: name: Genssler, Paul R.
name: Vas, Austin
name: Amrouch, Hussam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an emerging machine learning (ML) methods. It is based on large vectors of binary or bipolar symbols and a few simple mathematical operations. The promise of HDC is a highly efficient implementation for embedded systems like wearables. While fast implementations have been presented, other constraints have not been considered for edge computing. In this work, we aim at answering how thermal-friendly HDC for edge computing is. Devices like smartwatches, smart glasses, or even mobile systems have a restrictive cooling budget due to their limited volume. Although HDC operations are simple, the vectors are large, resulting in a high number of CPU operations and thus a heavy load on the entire system potentially causing temperature violations. In this work, the impact of HDC on the chip's temperature is investigated for the first time. We measure the temperature and power consumption of a commercial embedded system and compare HDC with conventional CNN. We reveal that HDC causes up to 6.8°C higher temperatures and leads to up to 47% more CPU throttling. Even when both HDC and CNN aim for the same throughput (i.e., perform a similar number of classifications per second), HDC still causes higher on-chip temperatures due to the larger power consumption.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
ความเข้าใจเกี่ยวกับธรรมชาติของการสืบเสาะทางวิทยาศาสตร์ ของนิสิตครูวิชาเอกชีววิทยา
Creators: name: ลือชา ลดาชาติ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยวลัยลักษณ์
Year: 2016
Subjects: ธรรมชาติของวิทยาศาสตร์
การสืบเสาะทางวิทยาศาสตร์
นิสิตครูวิทยาศาสตร์

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมการเรียนรู้ มหาวิทยาลัยวลัยลักษณ์, 2, 1, 24-44
Donors, Users, and Archival Repositories: How North Carolina is Documenting the Latino Experience
Creators: name: Wheaton, Nathalie Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: Archives--Collection development
Archives--North Carolina
Archives--Multiculturalism
Archives--Donors
Archives--Services to Hispanic Americans

description: The Latino population of North Carolina is growing rapidly. The mission of archives is to document such groups and events by collecting material that will serve as witnesses to these changes and developments. The purpose of this qualitative study was to discover the current situations of potential donors of Latino archival material, potential users of that material, and the archival repositories in North Carolina who will potentially collect this material. Interviews were conducted with four potential users, who also may be considered potential donors or research material, and five archivists at North Carolina repositories. The information gathered from their responses included information about material that should be collected, the challenges collecting this material might present, and why no North Carolina archives seem to have such a collection initiative in place. This study is not intended to describe or explain every possible situation in the state, but will provide an overview of issues and explanations that will benefit future researchers in their own studies.
Generalised conditions for rapid-turn inflation
Creators: name: Wolters, Raul
name: Iarygina, Oksana
name: Achucarro, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapid-turn slow-roll inflationary trajectories have been shown to be an attractor in two-field models, provided the turn rate is near constant and larger than the slow-roll parameters. These trajectories can produce primordial spectra consistent with current observations on CMB scales. We present the generalized consistency condition for sustained rapid-turn inflationary trajectory with two fields, arbitrary field-space metric and potential valid for any value of the turn rate. This has to be supplemented by a second condition to ensure slow roll evolution. Both conditions together constitute a tool to identify inflationary trajectories with arbitrary values of the turning rate without having to solve the equations of motion. We present a Python package for the numerical identification of regions in field-space and parameter space that allow for rapid-turn trajectories.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
High-accuracy Hamiltonian learning via delocalized quantum state evolutions
Creators: name: Rattacaso, Davide
name: Passarelli, Gianluca
name: Lucignano, Procolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Learning the unknown Hamiltonian governing the dynamics of a quantum many-body system is a challenging task. In this manuscript, we propose a possible strategy based on repeated measurements on a single time-dependent state. We prove that the accuracy of the learning process is maximized for states that are delocalized in the Hamiltonian eigenbasis. This implies that delocalization is a quantum resource for Hamiltonian learning, that can be exploited to select optimal initial states for learning algorithms. We investigate the error scaling of our reconstruction with respect to the number of measurements, and we provide examples of our learning algorithm on simulated quantum systems.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Training Restricted Boltzmann Machines via the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer Free Energy
Creators: name: Gabrié, Marylou
name: Tramel, Eric W.
name: Krzakala, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Restricted Boltzmann machines are undirected neural networks which have been shown to be effective in many applications, including serving as initializations for training deep multi-layer neural networks. One of the main reasons for their success is the existence of efficient and practical stochastic algorithms, such as contrastive divergence, for unsupervised training. We propose an alternative deterministic iterative procedure based on an improved mean field method from statistical physics known as the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer approach. We demonstrate that our algorithm provides performance equal to, and sometimes superior to, persistent contrastive divergence, while also providing a clear and easy to evaluate objective function. We believe that this strategy can be easily generalized to other models as well as to more accurate higher-order approximations, paving the way for systematic improvements in training Boltzmann machines with hidden units.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, demo online at http://www.lps.ens.fr/~krzakala/WASP.html
The Development of Computer Multimedia for Learning about Computer Principles for Matthayomsuksa 1 Students at Wat Phutthaisawan School
Creators: name: Paramat Sirssurepakdee
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2018
Subjects: ComputerMultimedia
Principlesof computer

description: Journal of Learning Innovations Walailak University, 4, 1, 49-62
DEDO EM RISTE
Creators: name: Pavao Santana, Jose Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ano 11 – n. 23/2023 – https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8332527

Já não há mais no Brasil institucional o menor pudor em se ignorar

as leis. Alias, já não há mais leis que não como instrumentos formais

disponíveis para aplicar-se contra os inimigos.
A review on the use of large language models as virtual tutors
Creators: name: García-Méndez, Silvia
name: de Arriba-Pérez, Francisco
name: Somoza-López, María del Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transformer architectures contribute to managing long-term dependencies for Natural Language Processing, representing one of the most recent changes in the field. These architectures are the basis of the innovative, cutting-edge Large Language Models (LLMs) that have produced a huge buzz in several fields and industrial sectors, among the ones education stands out. Accordingly, these generative Artificial Intelligence-based solutions have directed the change in techniques and the evolution in educational methods and contents, along with network infrastructure, towards high-quality learning. Given the popularity of LLMs, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of those solutions designed specifically to generate and evaluate educational materials and which involve students and teachers in their design or experimental plan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review of educational applications (e.g., student assessment) of LLMs. As expected, the most common role of these systems is as virtual tutors for automatic question generation. Moreover, the most popular models are GTP-3 and BERT. However, due to the continuous launch of new generative models, new works are expected to be published shortly.
Cataloging positions in U.S. academic libraries:  an analysis of job advertisements, 1999
Creators: name: Hosoi, Mihoko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000
Subjects: Catalogers
Content analysis
Job hunting
Job analysis
College and university libraries--Cataloging

description: This study describes the responsibilities and qualifications, as specified in job advertisements, for professional catalog librarians in U.S. academic libraries in 1999.  The job advertisements in the issues of "College & Research Libraries News" and "American Libraries" for 1999 were examined.  The analysis was focused on the qualifications related to special cataloging skills, managerial skills, and other activities such as reference and collection development to see the impact of outsourcing, deprofessionalization, and diversification of library materials on catalog librarians work.  The analysis of 124 advertisements found that 63% of the postings listed special format cataloging responsibilities and skills.  It also indicated that catalog librarians were expected to be involved in many different activities, such as supervision and reference in addition to cataloging.  It is advised that job applicants learn a variety of skills, including specialized cataloging, while acquiring practical work experience.
Disorder in Large-N Theories
Creators: name: Aharony, Ofer
name: Komargodski, Zohar
name: Yankielowicz, Shimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Euclidean Conformal Field Theories perturbed by quenched disorder, namely by random fluctuations in their couplings. Such theories are relevant for second-order phase transitions in the presence of impurities or other forms of disorder. Theories with quenched disorder often flow to new fixed points of the renormalization group. We begin with disorder in free field theories. Imry and Ma showed that disordered free fields can only exist for d>4. For d>4 we show that disorder leads to new fixed points which are not scale-invariant. We then move on to large-N theories (vector models or gauge theories in the `t Hooft limit). We compute exactly the beta function for the disorder, and the correlation functions of the disordered theory. We generalize the results of Imry and Ma by showing that such disordered theories exist only when disorder couples to operators of dimension Δ> d/4. Sometimes the disordered fixed points are not scale-invariant, and in other cases they have unconventional dependence on the disorder, including non-trivial effects due to irrelevant operators. Holography maps disorder in conformal theories to stochastic differential equations in a higher-dimensional space. We use this dictionary to reproduce our field theory results. We also study the leading 1/N corrections, both by field theory methods and by holography. These corrections are particularly important when disorder scales with the number of degrees of freedom.
description: 40 pages, one figure, harvmac. v2: additional comments about the infrared disordered correlation functions
Weyl groups of some hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras
Creators: name: Feingold, Alex J.
name: Vallières, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55 (Primary) 11E88, 20H25, 17B67 (Secondary)

description: We use the theory of Clifford algebras and Vahlen groups to study Weyl groups of hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebras T_n^{++}, obtained by a process of double extension from a Cartan matrix of finite type T_n, whose corresponding generalized Cartan matrices are symmetric.
description: 30 pages; Minor corrections from referee; Final version for publication; PARI program and explanatory Readme.txt file used in proof of Theorem 6.5 are available from the authors, may be available as ancillary files
The closed string field theory action vanishes
Creators: name: Erler, Theodore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the dilaton theorem, we show that the classical action of closed string field theory vanishes on-shell.
description: Version 2: 8 pages. Published with additional references
General approach of weak-to-strong measurement transition for Fock-state-based pointer states
Creators: name: Turek, Yusuf
name: Yuanbek, Janarbek
name: Abliz, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition from von Neumann's projective strong measurement to Aharonov's weak measurement has recently received large attention, theoretical and experimental. In this work, we present a general approach to describe the weak-to-strong measurement transition for Fock-state-based pointer pointer states, and analyze in some details the case of coherent pointer states. A possible realization of our measurement scheme using trapped ions is also discussed.
description: 12 pages,11 figures
Efficiency of black hole formation via collisions in stellar systems: An analysis of data from simulations and observations
Creators: name: Vergara, M. C.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Escala, A.
name: Reinoso, B.
name: Dotti, F. Flammini
name: Kamlah, A. W. H.
name: Liempi, M.
name: Hoyer, N.
name: Neumayer, N.
name: Spurzem, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper explores the theoretical relation between star clusters and black holes within, focusing on the potential role of nuclear star clusters (NSCs), globular clusters (GCs), and ultra compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) as environments that allow for black hole formation via stellar collisions. This study aims to identify the optimal conditions for stellar collisions across a range of stellar systems leading to the formation of very massive stars that subsequently collapse into black holes. We analyze data from numerical simulations and observations of diverse stellar systems, encompassing various initial conditions, initial mass functions, and evolution scenarios. We computed a critical mass, determined by the interplay of collision time, system age, and initial properties of the star cluster. The efficiency of black hole formation ($ε_{\mathrm{BH}}$) is defined as the ratio of initial stellar mass divided by critical mass. We find that stellar systems with a ratio of initial stellar mass over critical mass above 1 exhibit a high efficiencies in terms of black hole formation, ranging from $30-100\%$. While there is some scatter, potentially attributed to complex system histories and the presence of gas, the results highlight the potential for achieving high efficiencies via a purely collisional channel in black hole formation. In conclusion, this theoretical exploration elucidates the connection between star clusters and black hole formation. The study underscores the significance of UCDs, GCs, and NSCs as environments conducive to the black hole formation scenario via stellar collisions. The defined black hole formation efficiency ($ε_{\mathrm{BH}}$) is shown to be influenced by the ratio of the initial stellar mass to the critical mass.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
OB stars at the lowest Local Group metallicity: GTC-OSIRIS observations of Sextans A
Creators: name: Camacho, I.
name: Garcia, M.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our aim is to find and classify OB stars in Sextans A, to later determine accurate stellar parameters of these blue massive stars in this low metallicity region $(Z \sim 0.1 \rm Z_{\odot})$. Using UBV photometry, the reddening-free index Q and GALEX imaging, we built a list of blue massive star candidates in Sextans A. We obtained low resolution (R $\sim$ 1000) GTC-OSIRIS spectra for a fraction of them and carried out spectral classification. For the confirmed O-stars we derive preliminary stellar parameters. The target selection criteria and observations were successful and have produced the first spectroscopic atlas of OB-type stars in Sextans A. From the whole sample of 18 observed stars, 12 were classified as early OB-types, including 5 O-stars. The radial velocities of all target stars are in agreement with their Sextans A membership, although three of them show significant deviations. We determined the stellar parameters of the O-type stars using the stellar atmosphere code FASTWIND, and revisited the sub-SMC temperature scale. Two of the O-stars are consistent with relatively strong winds and enhanced helium abundances, although results are not conclusive. We discuss the position of the OB stars in the HRD. Initial stellar masses run from slightly below 20 up to 40 solar masses. The target selection method worked well for Sextans A, confirming the procedure developed in Garcia \& Herrero (2013). The stellar temperatures are consistent with findings in other galaxies. Some of the targets deserve follow-up spectroscopy because of indications of a runaway nature, an enhanced helium abundance or a relatively strong wind. We observe a correlation between HI and OB associations similar to the irregular galaxy IC1613, confirming the previous result that the most recent star formation of Sextans A is currently on-going near the rim of the H\,{\sc I} cavity.
Machine learning for predicting ultralow thermal conductivity and high ZT in complex thermoelectric materials
Creators: name: Hao, Yuzhou
name: Zuo, Yuting
name: Zheng, Jiongzhi
name: Hou, Wenjie
name: Gu, Hong
name: Wang, Xiaoying
name: Li, Xuejie
name: Sun, Jun
name: Ding, Xiangdong
name: Gao, Zhibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient and precise calculations of thermal transport properties and figure of merit, alongside a deep comprehension of thermal transport mechanisms, are essential for the practical utilization of advanced thermoelectric materials. In this study, we explore the microscopic processes governing thermal transport in the distinguished crystalline material Tl$_9$SbTe$_6$ by integrating a unified thermal transport theory with machine learning-assisted self-consistent phonon calculations. Leveraging machine learning potentials, we expedite the analysis of phonon energy shifts, higher-order scattering mechanisms, and thermal conductivity arising from various contributing factors like population and coherence channels. Our finding unveils an exceptionally low thermal conductivity of 0.31 W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ at room temperature, a result that closely correlates with experimental observations. Notably, we observe that the off-diagonal terms of heat flux operators play a significant role in shaping the overall lattice thermal conductivity of Tl$_9$SbTe$_6$, where the ultralow thermal conductivity resembles that of glass due to limited group velocities. Furthermore, we achieve a maximum $ZT$ value of 3.17 in the $c$-axis orientation for \textit{p}-type Tl$_9$SbTe$_6$ at 600 K, and an optimal $ZT$ value of 2.26 in the $a$-axis and $b$-axis direction for \textit{n}-type Tl$_9$SbTe$_6$ at 500 K. The crystalline Tl$_9$SbTe$_6$ not only showcases remarkable thermal insulation but also demonstrates impressive electrical properties owing to the dual-degeneracy phenomenon within its valence band. These results not only elucidate the underlying reasons for the exceptional thermoelectric performance of Tl$_9$SbTe$_6$ but also suggest potential avenues for further experimental exploration.
Force-free wave interaction in magnetar magnetospheres: Computational modeling in axisymmetry
Creators: name: Mahlmann, Jens F.
name: Aloy, Miguel Á.
name: Li, Xinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crustal quakes of highly magnetized neutron stars can disrupt their magnetospheres, triggering energetic phenomena like X-ray and fast radio bursts (FRBs). Understanding plasma wave dynamics in these extreme environments is vital for predicting energy transport across scales to the radiation length. This study models relativistic plasma wave interaction in magnetar magnetospheres with force-free electrodynamics simulations. For propagation along curved magnetic field lines, we observe the continuous conversion of Alfvén waves to fast magnetosonic (FMS) waves. The conversion efficiency can be up to three times higher when counter-propagating Alfvén waves interact in the equatorial region. Alfvén waves generate FMS waves of twice their frequency during their first crossing of the magnetosphere. After the initial transient burst of FMS waves, Alfvén waves convert to FMS waves periodically, generating variations on timescales of the magnetospheric Alfvén wave crossing time. This decaying FMS wave tail carries a significant portion (half) of the total energy emitted. Plastic damping of 'bouncing' Alfvén waves by the magnetar crust has minimal impact on the FMS efficiency. We discuss the implications of the identified wave phenomena for magnetar observations. Outgoing FMS waves can develop electric zones, potential sources of coherent radiation. Long-wavelength FMS waves could generate FRBs through reconnection beyond the light cylinder.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication by ApJ
Developing a Training Institute to Promote Lifelong Learning and Civic Engagement of Older Adults through Public Libraries in North Carolina
Creators: name: Van Noord, Megan G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008
Subjects: Baby boom generation--North Carolina
Older people-- Services for--North Carolina--Information services
Public libraries--North Carolina
Aging--North Carolina

description: Major demographic shifts in the population will occur over the next two decades as  the Baby Boomers age. While public libraries have actively developed and  promoted services for children and teens, adult services aimed at active, engaged  older adults have not been a focus. This study provides an overview of issues  related to health, aging and public libraries as a basis for exploring the potential of  public libraries to serve as centers for lifelong learning and civic engagement for  older adults. Evaluation data from three national Lifelong Access Libraries  Leadership Institutes held in 2006, 2007 and 2008 are used to create  recommendations for a training institute for public librarians that can be offered as  part of the North Carolina Collaboration on Lifelong Learning and Engagement.