cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Windowed multipole representation of R-matrix cross sections
Creators: name: Ducru, Pablo
name: Sobes, Vladimir
name: Alhajri, Abdulla
name: Meyer, Isaac
name: Forget, Benoit
name: Josey, Colin
name: Liang, Jingang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear cross sections are basic inputs to any nuclear computation. Campaigns of experiments are fitted with the parametric R-matrix model of quantum nuclear interactions, and the resulting cross sections are documented - both point-wise and as resonance parameters (with uncertainties) - in standard evaluated nuclear data libraries (ENDF, JEFF, BROND, JENDL, CENDL, TENDL): these constitute our common knowledge of fundamental nuclear physics. In the past decade, a collaborative effort has been deployed to establish a new nuclear cross section library format - the Windowed Multipole Library - with the goal of considerably reducing the cost of cross section calculations in nuclear transport simulations. This article lays the theoretical foundations underpinning these efforts. From general R-matrix scattering theory, we derive the windowed multipole representation of nuclear cross sections. Though physically and mathematically equivalent, the windowed multipole representation is particularly well suited for subsequent temperature treatment of angle-integrated cross sections: we show that accurate Doppler broadening can be performed analytically up to the first reaction threshold; and we derive cross sections temperature derivatives to any order. Furthermore, we here establish a way of converting the R-matrix resonance parameters uncertainty (covariance matrices) into windowed multipole parameters uncertainty. We show that generating stochastic nuclear cross sections by sampling from the resulting windowed multipole covariance matrix can reproduce the cross section uncertainty in the original nuclear data file. Through this foundational article, we hope to make the Windowed Multipole Representation accessible, reproducible, and usable for the nuclear physics community, as well as provide the theoretical basis for future research on expanding its capabilities.
description: 35 pages, 6 figues, 3 tables, article in review at Phys. Rev. C
Molecular gas in extreme star-forming environments: the starbursts Arp220 and NGC6240 as case studies
Creators: name: Greve, T. R.
name: Papadopoulos, P. P.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Radford, S. J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report single-dish multi-transition measurements of the 12^CO, HCN, and HCO^+ molecular line emission as well as HNC J=1-0 and HNCO in the two ultraluminous infra-red galaxies Arp220 and NGC6240. Using this new molecular line inventory, in conjunction with existing data in the literature, we compiled the most extensive molecular line data sets to date for such galaxies. The many rotational transitions, with their different excitation requirements, allow the study of the molecular gas over a wide range of different densities and temperatures with significant redundancy, and thus allow good constraints on the properties of the dense gas in these two systems. The mass (~(1-2) x 10^10 Msun) of dense gas (>10^5-6 cm^-3) found accounts for the bulk of their molecular gas mass, and is consistent with most of their IR luminosities powered by intense star bursts while self-regulated by O,B star cluster radiative pressure onto the star-forming dense molecular gas. The highly excited HCN transitions trace a gas phase ~(10-100)x denser than that of the sub-thermally excited HCO^+ lines (for both galaxies). These two phases are consistent with an underlying density-size power law found for Galactic GMCs (but with a steeper exponent), with HCN lines tracing denser and more compact regions than HCO^+. Whether this is true in IR-luminous, star forming galaxies in general remains to be seen, and underlines the need for observations of molecular transitions with high critical densities for a sample of bright (U)LIRGs in the local Universe -- a task for which the HI-FI instrument on board Herschel is ideally suited to do.
description: 38 pages (preprint ApJ style), 3 figures, accepted for ApJ
Restricted Class of Colliding Einstein-Yang-Mills Plane Waves
Creators: name: Gurtug, Ozay
name: Halilsoy, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By gauging an Abelian electromagnetic (em) solution through a non-Abelian transformation and in accordance with a theorem proved long time ago, we construct a simple class of colliding Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) plane waves. The solution is isometric to the Wu-Yang charged Kerr-Newman (KN) black hole and shares much of the properties satisfied by colliding Einstein-Maxwell (EM) plane waves. In the linear polarization limit with unit degenerate charge it reduces to the Bell-Szekeres (BS) solution for colliding em shock waves.
description: 9 pages, no figures, To appear in IJMPA
A small actively-controlled high-resolution spectrograph based on off-the-shelf components
Creators: name: Jones, H. R. A.
name: Martin, W. E.
name: Anglada-Escudé, G.
name: Errmann, R.
name: Campbell, D. A.
name: Baker, C.
name: Boonsri, C.
name: Choochalerm, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and testing of a prototype in-plane echelle spectrograph based on an actively controlled fibre-fed double-pass design. This system aims to be small and efficient with the minimum number of optical surfaces - currently a collimator/camera lens, cross-dispersing prism, grating and a reflector to send light to the detector. It is built from catalogue optical components and has dimensions of approximately 20x30 cm. It works in the optical regime with a resolution of >70,000. The spectrograph is fed by a bifurcated fibre with one fibre to a telescope and the other used to provide simultaneous Thorium Argon light illumination for wavelength calibration. The positions of the arc lines on the detector are processed in real time and commercial auto-guiding software is used to treat the positions of the arc lines as guide stars. The guiding software sends any required adjustments to mechanical piezo-electric actuators which move the mirror sending light to the camera removing any drift in the position of the arc lines. The current configuration using an sCMOS detector provides a precision of 3.5 milli-pixels equivalent to 4 m/s in a standard laboratory environment.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted PASP
Microcanonical versus Canonical Analysis of Protein Folding
Creators: name: Hernández-Rojas, J.
name: Llorente, J. M. Gomez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microcanonical analysis is shown to be a powerful tool to characterize the protein folding transition and to neatly distinguish between good and bad folders. An off-lattice model with parameter chosen to represent polymers of these two types is used to illustrate this approach. Both canonical and microcanonical ensembles are employed. The required calculations were performed using parallel tempering Monte Carlo simulations. The most revealing features of the folding transition are related to its first-order-like character, namely, the S-bend pattern in the caloric curve, which gives rise to negative microcanonical specific heats, and the bimodality of the energy distribution function at the transition temperatures. Models for a good folder are shown to be quite robust against perturbations in the interaction potential parameters.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Old and New Targets in Antimalarial Drug Discovery
Creators: name: Roberts, NJ
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: The increasing emergence of resistance to commonly used therapies has placed a huge strain on the prevention and control of malaria; therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimalarial agents. The aim of this research was to design and synthesise a library of potent antimalarial compounds, with desirable pharmacokinetic profiles, in order to identify a drug candidate suitable for preclinical development. This research was divided into two main sections: x The synthesis of compounds deigned to inhibit IspD, a novel target in antimalarial drug discovery x The late stage development of a series of endoperoxide-based antimalarials, which are derived from the structure of artemisinin A library of benzisothiazolinone compounds was generated to target the IspD enzyme. Many of these compounds displayed low micromolar inhibitory activity against both enzymatic and phenotypic assays in vitro and an investigation into structure-activity relationships around the core of these benzisothiazolinones was also conducted. The most potent compound to emerge, a CH2 linked benzisoselenazolone, had an IC50 of 0.17 μM against PfIspD and 5.54 μM against Pf3D7. These compounds represent a novel class of IspD inhibitor, which have the potential for further development as antimalarial agents. A number of 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane analogues were also prepared in order to develop an antimalarial agent suitable for a single-dose cure. The most potent analogue, N205, had an IC50 of 1.3 nM and an average mouse survival of 26.3 days (66% cure rate) following a single dose. A less than optimal stability profile for N205 led to the further development of another potent tetraoxane analogue, E209. Optimisation of the synthetic pathway led to the generation of E209 in a series of five high-yielding steps that are suitable for large-scale production. E209 represents the first 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane that is comparable, in terms of both efficacy and PK/PD profiles, to OZ439, and is a candidate for pre-clinical development.
Collider Signature of T-quarks
Creators: name: Carena, Marcela
name: Hubisz, Jay
name: Perelstein, Maxim
name: Verdier, Patrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Little Higgs models with T Parity contain new vector-like fermions, the T-odd quarks or "T-quarks", which can be produced at hadron colliders with a QCD-strength cross section. Events with two acoplanar jets and large missing transverse energy provide a simple signature of T-quark production. We show that searches for this signature with the Tevatron Run II data can probe a significant part of the Little Higgs model parameter space not accessible to previous experiments, exploring T-quark masses up to about 400 GeV. This reach covers parts of the parameter space where the lightest T-odd particle can account for the observed dark matter relic abundance. We also comment on the prospects for this search at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Transcription of "Coyote, Little Owl, and Two-Neck"
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-300811-01: Transcription of the story of Coyote, Little Owl, and the giant Two-Neck (file VP-221006-01), from 9:00 to 12:22.
Hüffmeier, Wilhelm (Hrsg.), Rechtfertigung und Kirchengemeinschaft
Creators: name: Klaiber, Walter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 58 Nr. 2 (2009): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 58, Heft 2
Examining civic presence : a city hall in Surrey
Creators: name: Hepper, Laurie Delane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: "...architecture has been defined as environmental communication, a network of interaction: (a) between designers and the users, through the designer's "intended messages", (b) between [human] and the material world through the observation of messages read in similarities and differences structured in matter either in the form of "object systems of "behaviour patterns", and finally (c) between [humans] and [their] past and future through [their] association with all of the above forms and functions in immediate and distant space and time, and memories and their compilation in culture.1 [Asghar Talaye Minai 1984] Culture plays an integral part in the expression of human abstract meaning. With architecture as the experiential expression of these meanings, human cultures have recorded hopes, desires, aspirations, and political and cultural ideologies in their built structures. Thus city and town halls have always promoted community image through the structure of the hall. The purpose of the city hall has remained relatively unchanged, however, form has evolved with changing behaviour patterns relating to culture and architectural 'styles'. A new city hall for Surrey is necessary to symbolize their new status as a city and the importance they place on their future plans and aspirations. With this in mind a look at North American Postmodern culture and values is used to evaluate the history and symbolism of past town halls. Research uncovered an office concept design used in Europe and Japan that is both democratic and humane. Using this as a base for the dministrative legacy of Surrey municipality and the planning concepts targeting the area surrounding the chosen site the design incorporates public accessibility to create presence. The location depicts a suburban legacy progressing towards an urban future connected by a pedestrian oriented plaza with the building split into public and administrative functions flanking the plaza.
Stripes, Clusters, and Nonequilibrium Ordering for Bidisperse Colloids with Repulsive Interactions
Creators: name: Reichhardt, C.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two-dimensional bidisperse assemblies of colloids with strictly repulsive interactions exhibit stripe, cluster, and partially crystallized states when driven over a quenched random substrate. The nonequilibrium states on a substrate are significantly more ordered than equilibrium states both with and without substrates. A minimum substrate strength is necessary to induce the nonequilibrium pattern formation. Our results suggest that a combination of driving and quenched disorder offers a new approach to controlling pattern formation in colloid mixtures.
description: 4 pages, 4 postscript figures. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. E Rapid Communications
title: Exploring unconventional approaches to Molecular Replacement in X-ray crystallography with SIMBAD
Creators: name: Simpkin, Adam
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: Molecular replacement (MR) is the most popular technique to solve the phase problem in macromolecular crystallography. The conventional approach to finding search models for MR is to use the sequence of the target structure to identify a suitable homologue. This approach is based on the assumption that sequence similarity is a useful guide to structural similarity. Whilst largely true, this strategy is not always effective. For example, when a contaminant protein has been crystallised or when the most similar matches sequentially are not the most similar structurally. This thesis describes the development of SIMBAD, a three-step pipeline to perform sequence-independent MR. The first step performs a lattice-parameter search against the entire Protein Data Bank (PDB), rapidly determining whether the protein or a close homologue has been solved in the same crystal form. The second step is designed to screen the data against a database of known contaminants; thus determining if a contaminant protein has been crystallised. The final step is a brute-force search of a non-redundant derivative of the PDB provided by the MoRDa software package. In Chapter 3 the initial implementation of SIMBAD using AMoRe’s fast rotation function is presented, with encouraging results. Testing on a set of structures that covered a wide range of resolution limits, copies in the asymmetric unit, space groups, monomer sizes and secondary-structure types, gave a 40% success-rate with the full MoRDa database search and increased to 52% when combined with the lattice-parameter search. Further validation has come in the form of nine structures deposited to the PDB which used SIMBAD for structure solution. Leading on from the work in Chapter 3, research was carried out on whether the maximum-likelihood enhanced rotation function in Phaser would improve the sensitivity of the full MoRDa database search. Results presented in Chapter 4 show that the use of Phaser yielded a 60% success-rate on the test cases, a marked improvement on the previous iteration of SIMBAD. Combining this method with ensemble search models improved this further to 68%. Lastly, Chapter 5 explores the use of anomalous Fourier maps (AFMs) to validate partial MR solutions obtained from SIMBAD. This was necessary as the absence of sequence information meant that automated model building could not be included in the pipeline as a means to test the correctness of a potential solution. The findings in Chapter 5 demonstrate that when anomalous signal was available, the maximum peak height obtained in AFMs could be combined with R-free to train a classifier with 99% precision and recall.
Supplementary Figure S1. Activation of V2 neurons is the result of synaptic transmission between V1 and V2.; Supplementary Figure S2. Comparison of area of activation in V2 for electric vs. magnetic stimulations. from Micro-magnetic stimulation of primary visual cortex induces focal and sustained activation of secondary visual cortex
Creators: name: Lee, Seung Woo
name: Fried, Shelley I.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 60699 Physiology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20302 Electrostatics and Electrodynamics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (a) The peak fluorescence changes in response to monopolar electric stimulation (40 µA, 200 µs, 100 pulses at 100 Hz) from the electrode in L2/3 of a V1 slice. The fluorescence changes were measured under control conditions (left panel, normal aCSF) and the presence of the synaptic blockers (right panel, aCSF + 10 µM NBQX + 50 µM D-APV + 10 µM bicuculline). Note that activation of V2 neurons was eliminated in the presence of synaptic blockade while activation of V1 neurons remained largely intact. The number in parenthesis indicates the strength of the stimulus relative to the threshold (I_Th) for indirect activation. (b) The average fluorescence changes of V2 PNs in response to the monopolar electric stimulation (n=8 cells). Blue trace shows the fluorescence change measured under control condition; red trace is the change measured in the presence of the synaptic blockers. (c-d) Similar to a-b, but for the bipolar electric stimulation (n=8 cells). (e-f) Similar to a-b, but for the micro-magnetic stimulation (718 mA, 200 µs, 100 pulses at 100 Hz, n=6 cells).;(a) Left panel shows the peak fluorescence changes in response to monopolar electric stimulation (50 µA) from the electrode in L5 of a V1 slice. Right panel shows the area of activation in V2; each white pixel represents a suprathreshold response (ΔF/F_MAP > 31%, i.e., > 3 x S.D.). The area of activation was 348,604 µm2. (b) Similar to a, but for the bipolar electric stimulation (50 µA). The area of activation was 201,169 µm2. (c) Similar to a, but for the micro-magnetic stimulation (359 mA). The area of activation was 18,774 µm2.
Modeling stellar abundance patterns resulting from the addition of earthlike planetary material
Creators: name: Cowley, Charles R.
name: Bord, Donald J.
name: Yuce, Kutluay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The literature on precision differential abundances (PDAs) in stars is extensive. Surveys include sun-like stars in the solar neighborhood, binary systems, and Galactic clusters. Numerous references as well as a discussion of relevant mechanisms may be found in papers by Ramirez, et al. (2019) and Nagar, et al. (2020). A strong impetus for this work is the probability that the abundances have been influenced by exoplanetary systems and their evolution. We calculate the resulting differential abundances ([El/H]) assuming a given amount of material with the composition of the bulk earth (Wang, et al. 2018) was added to the stellar convection zone of a dwarf G-type star. The mass of the convection zone is uncertain and variable, depending on the spectral type. Here, we assume a mass of $5\cdot 10^{31}$ gm for the stellar convection zone (SCZ). This is 0.025 $M_\odot$ (Pinsonneault, et al. 2001, Chambers, 2010). For other SCZ masses, the parameters must be adjusted accordingly. In general, the sunlike star will not have exactly the solar composition. This contingency is roughly taken into account in our model. An appendix discusses issues of volatility and condensation temperature.
description: Accepted for publication Astronomical Journal. 9 pages, 8 figures
title: The muon g-2: the hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions
Creators: name: Keshavarzi, A
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2018

description: The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon stands as an enduring test of the Standard Model (SM), where the 3:5 (or higher) discrepancy between the experimental measurement and the SM prediction could be an indication of the existence of new physics beyond the SM. This work presents a complete re-evaluation of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon from a combination of available electron-positron to hadrons cross section data as input in a predominantly data driven analysis. Focus has been placed on the development of a new data combination method, that has been advocated to be free of bias and allows for the full use of any available correlated statistical and systematic uncertainties into the determination of both the resulting mean value and corresponding error. In a related work, the three precision measurements of the two-pion cross section using initial state radiation by the KLOE collaboration provide an important input for the prediction of the hadronic contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. These measurements are correlated for both statistical and systematic uncertainties and, therefore, the simultaneous use of these measurements requires covariance matrices that fully describe the correlations. The construction of these matrices has allowed for the determination of a combined KLOE measurement of the two-pion cross section. For the full calculation of the leading order and next-to-leading order hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions, all available electron-positron to hadrons cross section data have been analysed and included, where the new data compilation has yielded the full hadronic R-ratio and its covariance matrix from threshold to 11.2 GeV. Using these combined data and pQCD above that range results in estimates of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions to g-2 of the muon that yields a new determination for the SM prediction which is 3.7 standard deviations below the current experimental measurement. Detailed comparisons with results from similar related works are given, as well as discussions of the prospects for improving the calculation of these contributions in the future.
Translation of Tschebotarow's "The Problem of Resolvents and Critical Manifolds"
Creators: name: Knight, Hannah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is an English translation of "The Problem of Resolvents and Critical Manifolds" by Tschebotarow/Chebotarev. In this article, Chebotarev explains his work on resolvent problems using critical manifolds. The current ideas of resolvent degree and essential dimension arose out of the resolvent problems Chebotarev addresses here. Original abstract by Chebotarev: "This paper is devoted to the study of the problem of resolvents, i.e., the problem of finding the resolvent by a given equation, whose coefficients depend on several independent parameters, the number of parameters in the coefficients being as small as possible. The author connects the problem to the study of critical manifolds in the space of equation parameters."
Klaiber, Walter / Plonz, Sabine (Hrsg.), Wie viel Glaube darf es sein?
Creators: name: Voß, Klaus Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 58 Nr. 2 (2009): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 58, Heft 2
The Matrix Product Ansatz for integrable U(1)^N models in Lunin-Maldacena backgrounds
Creators: name: Lazo, Matheus Jatkoske
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain through a Matrix Product Ansatz (MPA) the exact solution of the most general $N$-state spin chain with $U(1)^N$ symmetry and nearest neighbour interaction. In the case N=6 this model contain as a special case the integrable SO(6) spin chain related to the one loop mixing matrix for anomalous dimensions in ${\cal N} = 4$ SYM, dual to type $IIB$ string theory in the generalised Lunin-Maldacena backgrounds. This MPA is construct by a map between scalar fields and abstract operators that satisfy an appropriate associative algebra. We analyses the Yang-Baxter equation in the N=3 sector and the consistence of the algebraic relations among the matrices defining the MPA and find a new class of exactly integrable model unknown up to now.
Voxelwise principal component analysis of dynamic [S-methyl-11C]methionine PET data in glioma patients
Creators: name: Martens, Corentin
name: Debeir, Olivier
name: Decaestecker, Christine
name: Metens, Thierry
name: Lebrun, Laetitia
name: Leurquin-Sterk, Gil
name: Trotta, Nicola
name: Goldman, Serge
name: Van Simaeys, Gaetan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent works have demonstrated the added value of dynamic amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) for glioma grading and genotyping, biopsy targeting, and recurrence diagnosis. However, most of these studies are exclusively based on hand-crafted qualitative or semi-quantitative dynamic features extracted from the mean time activity curve (TAC) within predefined volumes. Voxelwise dynamic PET data analysis could instead provide a better insight into intra-tumour heterogeneity of gliomas. In this work, we investigate the ability of the widely used principal component analysis (PCA) method to extract meaningful quantitative dynamic features from high-dimensional motion-corrected dynamic [S-methyl-11C]methionine PET data in a first cohort of 20 glioma patients. By means of realistic numerical simulations, we demonstrate the robustness of our methodology to noise. In a second cohort of 13 glioma patients, we compare the resulting parametric maps to these provided by standard one- and two-tissue compartment pharmacokinetic (PK) models. We show that our PCA model outperforms PK models in the identification of intra-tumour uptake dynamics heterogeneity while being much less computationally expensive. Such parametric maps could be valuable to assess tumour aggressiveness locally with applications in treatment planning as well as in the evaluation of tumour progression and response to treatment. This work also provides further encouraging results on the added value of dynamic over static analysis of [S-methyl-11C]methionine PET data in gliomas, as previously demonstrated for O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine.
Optical Metamaterials at Near and Mid IR Range Fabricated by Nanoimprint Lithography
Creators: name: Wu, W.
name: Kim, E.
name: Ponizovskaya, E.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Yu, Z.
name: Fang, N.
name: Shen, Y. R.
name: Bratkovsky, A. M.
name: Tong, W.
name: Sun, C.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Wang, S. -Y.
name: Williams, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two types of optical metamaterials operating at near-IR and mid-IR frequencies, respectively, have been designed, fabricated by nanoimprint lithography (NIL), and characterized by laser spectroscopic ellipsometry. The structure for the near-IR range was a metal/dielectric/metal stack "fishnet" structure that demonstrated negative permittivity and permeability in the same frequency region and hence exhibited a negative refractive index at a wavelength near 1.7 um. In the mid-IR range, the metamaterial was an ordered array of four-fold symmetric L-shaped resonators (LSRs) that showed both a dipole plasmon resonance resulting in negative permittivity and a magnetic resonance with negative permeability near wavelengths of 3.7 um and 5.25 um, respectively. The optical properties of both metamaterials are in agreement with theoretical predictions. This work demonstrates the feasibility of designing various optical negative-index metamaterials and fabricating them using the nanoimprint lithography as a low-cost, high-throughput fabrication approach.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Pseudoplatyophrya nana Foissner 1980
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Colpodea
Grossglockneriida
Grossglockneriidae
Pseudoplatyophrya
Pseudoplatyophrya nana

description: Pseudoplatyophrya nana (Kahl, 1926) Foissner, 1980
Distribution. VENEZUELA: North border of the Henri Pittier National Park, surroundings of the village of Choroni (Foissner 2016), (Ts).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
Discovery of an insulating ferromagnetic phase of electrons in two dimensions
Creators: name: Kim, Kyung-Su
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a commentary on two papers (PNAS 117 (51) 32244-32250 (2020) and arXiv:2011.06721), which observed a series of ordering transitions in a strongly correlated two-dimensional electron system confined to a AlAs quantum well. We summarize the main discoveries (electron nematicity, insulating ferromagnetism, etc.) of them and speculate on $T-r_s$ phase diagram based on theoretical considerations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, published in PNAS
The politics of authoritarianism : the state and political soldiers in Burma, Indonesia, and Thailand
Creators: name: Yawnghwe, Chao-Tzang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the impact of military rule on the state and society by looking at three cases from the same geographical region -- Burma, Indonesia, and Thailand — that have experienced military intervention and military rule. The thesis is framed by a number of questions: Why does the military sometimes decide to stay on to run the state after it intervenes? What happens to the military, its leaders, and most importantly, the state and society when the military reorganizes the state into a military-authoritarian order? What are the political outcomes of military rule in terms of state autonomy? How can the political variations ~ the extent of military penetration into the state order ~ between military regimes be explained? This thesis has found that there are three vital factors influencing the military's decision, having intervened, to stay on to rule the country. The most important factor is the emergence of an extraordinary military strongman-ruler. The second, and related, factor is military unity ~ forged and maintained by the strongman-ruler and bound by the myth that the soldiers are the guardians and saviors of the state. The military supports the ruler and is in turn rewarded by him, and becomes a privileged class. Together they dominate and control other state and societal forces. In fact, while military-authoritarian states are highly autonomous from society, it is clear that the state is not well insulated from abuse by its own elites. The third factor is the extent to which the strongman-ruler is constrained by having to share power with an unimpeachable force (a person, ideal, or myth). This thesis has found that military rulers in Thailand have been constrained because of the person and the role of the monarch. This thesis has also found significant variations in military-authoritarian states. They range from a nearly pure praetorian example to a tentative quasidemocratic set up ~ resulting from historical circumstances combined with the vision, political will and astuteness of the strongman-ruler, his concern with his legacy, and the presence or not of an important consfraining force. The military has played a dominant role in politics in Burma and Indonesia since the 1960s; in Thailand, it has been in and out of power since the 1930s. It has become apparent from this research that, although the global democratization trend is hopeful, it is not so easy to get a politicized military to go back to the barracks to stay.
Infrastructure Monitoring for GridKa and beyond
Creators: name: Buttitta, Evelina
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2025
Subjects: monitoring
GridKa

description: The Infrastructure Monitoring helps to control and monitor in real-time servers and applications involved in the operation of the WLCG Tier1 center GridKa, including the online and tape storages, the batch system and the GridKa network.
Monitoring data like server metrics (CPU, Memory, Disk, Network), storage operations (I/O Statistics) or visualizing real-time sensors data such as temperature, humidity, power consumption in server rooms are very important to provide a complete picture of availability, performance and resource efficiency of the entire data center.

Through the integration of open source and widely known technologies we have built a scalable solution able to collect, store and visualize infrastructure data across the data center. In this presentation we will talk about the main components of our monitoring architecture and the technologies we use. They include Telegraf as agent to collect metrics, InfluxDB as timeseries database to store data and Grafana as powerful visualization tool to query and visualize data. In addition, we operate a 5-nodes cluster based on OpenSearch search engine to collect logs from many sources.
Letter to J.L. Logie from O.F.D. Norrington, June 10, 1929
Creators: name: Norrington, O.F.D.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to J.L. Logie, manager of the Okanagan Center Irrigation and Power Co. Ltd. from O.F.D. Norrington, District Engineer, dated June 10, 1929, regarding an order for the supply of water to licensees on Duck Lake Creek.
title: Cross-shelf transport and exchange between a temperate shelf sea and the North Atlantic Ocean
Creators: name: Ruiz Castillo, E
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2019

description: Shelf seas are relatively small regions. They account for 9% of the ocean's area and less than 0.5% of the ocean's volume (Simpson and Sharples, 2012). Despite their relatively small size shelf seas play a key role in global biogeochemical cycles. It is estimated that 20% of the global ocean annual primary production (Behrenfield et al., 2005) and 79% of the total CO2 oceanic intake occurs in shelf seas (Jahnke, 2010). The physics governing cross-shelf transport and exchange between the shelf and the ocean impact the shelf sea biogeochemical cycles. For instance, the NW European shelf is generally seen as a net carbon sink (Hartman et al., 2018) with carbon thought to be exported from the shelf into the ocean (Thomas et al., 2004; Painter et al., 2017). In addition, it is estimated that globally about 56-58% and 85-90% of the phosphorus and nitrogen required by shelf seas to maintain high productivity are supplied from the ocean (Liu et al., 2010). Therefore, understanding the mechanisms governing transport, both within the shelf and in shelf-ocean exchange, will help to better comprehend how the high productivity of shelf seas is supported and how export of shelf seas contributes to the global carbon cycles. This thesis focuses on the temperate and wide Celtic Sea, where it is unclear how nutrients supplied either at the shelf break or near the coast are transported into the interior of the shelf to sustain primary productivity or, conversely how carbon is exported from the shelf to drive net shelf sea absorption of atmospheric CO2. This research particularly focuses on the mechanisms supplying and transporting nutrients onto and across the Celtic Sea. Results indicate that throughout summer, due to wind-driven dynamics, nutrients are chiefly supplied from the North Atlantic onto the outer Celtic Sea and on the shelf, nutrients are advected across the shelf in the bottom mixed layer. At the shelf edge off-shelf export in the bottom layer was found to be negligible. In the interior of the Celtic Sea evidence of stratification being maintained by wind-driven advection of relatively high salinity waters in the bottom layer was observed in late-autumn 2014 and spring 2015.
On the nature of late X-ray flares in Swift Gamma-ray Bursts
Creators: name: Curran, P. A.
name: Starling, R. L. C.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Godet, O.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously detected in only a few gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), X-ray flares are now observed in ~50% of Swift GRBs, though their origins remain unclear. Most flares are seen early on in the afterglow decay, while some bursts exhibit flares at late times of 10^4 to 10^5 seconds, which may have implications for flare models.We investigate whether a sample of late time (> 10^4s) flares are different from previous samples of early time flares, or whether they are merely examples on the tail of the early flare distribution. We examine the X-ray light curves of Swift bursts for late flares and compare the flare and underlying temporal power-law properties with those of early flares, and the values of these properties predicted by the blast wave model. The burst sample shows late flare properties consistent with those of early flares, where the majority of the flares can be explained by either internal or external shock, though in a few cases one origin is favoured over the other. The underlying power laws are mainly consistent with the normal decay phases of the afterglow. If confirmed by the ever growing sample of late time flares, this would imply that, in some cases, prolonged activity out to a day or a restarting of the central engine is required.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to A&A after significant revisions: updated plots, appendix integrated in text
title: Combinatorial Challenges and Algorithms in New Energy Aware Scheduling Problems
Creators: name: Liu, H
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: In this thesis, we study the theoretical approach on energy-efficient scheduling problems arising in demand response management in the modern electrical smart grid. Consumers send in power requests with flexible feasible timeslots during which their requests can be served. The grid controller, upon receiving power requests, schedules each request within the specified interval. The electricity cost is measured by a convex function of the load in each timeslot. The objective is to schedule all requests with the minimum total electricity cost. We study the smart grid scheduling problem in different models. For the offline model, we prove the problem is NP-hard for the general case. We propose a polynomial time algorithm for special input where jobs have unit power request and unit time duration. By adapting the polynomial time algorithm for unit-size jobs, we propose an approximation algorithm for more general input. On the other hand, we also present an exact algorithm to find the optimal schedule for the problem with general input. For the online model, we propose an online algorithm for jobs with jobs with arbitrary power request, arbitrary time duration, and arbitrary contiguous feasible intervals. We also show a lower bound of the competitive ratio for the smart grid scheduling problem with unit height and arbitrary width. For special cases, we design different online algorithms with better competitive ratios. Finally, we look at other optimization problems and show how to solve them by adapting our techniques. We prove that our online algorithm can solve the machine minimization problem with an asymptotically optimal competitive ratio. We also show that our exact algorithm can be adapted to solve other demand response management problems.
Elicitation of verbs from "Creation of Animals"
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Newbold, Lindsey
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-290811-11 and VP-290811-12: Elicitation of verbs from the "Creation of Animals" story (file VP-080309-03), focused on items that are not in the Hupa Language Dictionary.
Homogeneous superconducting gap in DBCO synthesized by oxide molecular beam epitaxy
Creators: name: Wu, Ze-Bin
name: Putzky, Daniel
name: Kundu, Asish K.
name: Li, Hui
name: Yang, Shize
name: Du, Zengyi
name: Joo, Sang Hyun
name: Lee, Jinho
name: Zhu, Yimei
name: Logvenov, Gennady
name: Keimer, Bernhard
name: Fujita, Kazuhiro
name: Valla, Tonica
name: Bozovic, Ivan
name: Drozdov, Ilya K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much of what is known about high-temperature cuprate superconductors stems from studies based on two surface analytical tools, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (SI-STM). A question of general interest is whether and when the surface properties probed by ARPES and SI-STM are representative of the intrinsic properties of bulk materials. We find this question is prominent in thin films of a rarely studied cuprate DBCO. We synthesize DBCO films by oxide molecular beam epitaxy and study them by in situ ARPES and SI-STM. Both ARPES and SI-STM show that the surface DBCO layer is different from the bulk of the film. It is heavily underdoped, while the doping level in the bulk is close to optimal doping evidenced by bulk-sensitive mutual inductance measurements. ARPES shows the typical electronic structure of a heavily underdoped CuO2 plane and two sets of one-dimensional bands originating from the CuO chains with one of them gapped. SI-STM reveals two different energy scales in the local density of states, with one corresponding to the superconductivity and the other one to the pseudogap. While the pseudogap shows large variations over the length scale of a few nanometers, the superconducting gap is very homogeneous. This indicates that the pseudogap and superconductivity are of different origins.
title: Conflict: Sacred Values, Decision Inertia and the Psychology of Choice in Military Decision-Making.
Creators: name: Shortland, ND
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This thesis focusses on how individuals make hard choices. Specifically, it focusses on the cognitive conflict that emerges when members of the Armed Forces are presented with two options that are equally adverse during combat operations. Such decisions are often high-risk and any resulting decision inertia (a form of “indecision” that I pay special attention to throughout this thesis) can be costly. The issue, however, is that, to date, psychology has done little to explore least-worst decision-making and decision inertia in military populations. To understand the psychological processes behind these types of decisions, this thesis presents qualitative data collected from Soldiers who have combat experience (e.g., in Afghanistan and Iraq). Through my analysis of this data, I then focus on values, and specifically the importance of “sacred” values, as predictors of decision-making in conditions of high-consequence, uncertainty, and least-worst options. I then take a step back, and examine what separates military and non-military decision-making and decision-makers, by studying the decision-making of Soldiers, police officers and students within a series of simulated military and non-military scenarios. Through these experimental studies, I am then able to empirically test the role of value systems in decision-making within and between these groups. Overall, as well as identifying several domain-specific and domain-general correlates of least-worst decision-making, I identify two “clusters” of values (egocentric and empathetic) which, I feel, hold special importance when considering how least-worst decisions are, and are not, made.
Space Lower Bounds for Graph Stream Problems
Creators: name: Verma, Paritosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work concerns with proving space lower bounds for graph problems in the streaming model. It is known that computing the length of shortest path between two nodes in the streaming model requires $Ω(n)$ space, where $n$ is the number of nodes in the graph. We study the problem of finding the depth of a given node in a rooted tree in the streaming model. For this problem we prove a tight single pass space lower bound and a multipass space lower bound. As this is a special case of computing shortest paths on graphs, the above lower bounds also apply to the shortest path problem in the streaming model. The results are obtained by using known communication complexity lower bounds or by constructing hard instances for the problem. Additionally, we apply the techniques used in proving the above lower bound results to prove space lower bounds (single and multipass) for other graph problems like finding min $s-t$ cut, detecting negative weight cycle and finding whether two nodes lie in the same strongly connected component.
description: Published in the conference on. Theory and Applications of Models of Computation (TAMC) 2019 pp 635-646