cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anomalies of weight-based coherence measure and mixed maximally coherent states
Creators: name: Yao, Yao
name: Li, Dong
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an analogy of best separable approximation (BSA) in the framework of entanglement theory, here we concentrate on the notion of best incoherent approximation, with application to characterizing and quantifying quantum coherence. From both analytical and numerical perspectives, we have demonstrated that the weight-based coherence measure displays some unusual properties, in sharp contrast to other popular coherence quantifiers. First, by deriving a closed formula for qubit states, we have showed the weight-based coherence measure exhibits a rich (geometrical) structure even in this simplest case. Second, we have identified the existence of mixed maximally coherent states (MMCS) with respect to this coherence measure and discussed the characteristic feature of MMCS in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Especially, we present several important families of MMCS by gaining insights from the numerical simulations. Moreover, it is pointed out that some considerations in this work can be generalized to general convex resource theories and a numerical method of improving the computational efficiency for finding the BSA is also discussed.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Statistical properties of the critical eigenstates in power-law random banded matrices across the band
Creators: name: Paley, C. J.
name: Taraskin, S. N.
name: Elliott, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level-spacing distribution in the tails of the eigenvalue bands of the power-law random banded matrix (PRBM) ensemble have been investigated numerically. The change of level-spacing statistics across the band is examined for different coupling strengths and compared to the density of states for the different systems. It is confirmed that, by varying the eigenvalue region, the same level-spacing statistics can be reached as by varying the coupling strength.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Low-temperature thermodynamics of one-dimensional alternating-spin Heisenberg ferromagnets
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Shoji
name: Hori, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a novel bimetallic chain compound in which alternating magnetic centers are ferromagnetically coupled, we investigate thermodynamic properties of one-dimensional spin-$(S,s)$ Heisenberg ferromagnets both numerically and analytically. On the one hand, quantum Monte Carlo calculations illuminate the overall thermal behavior. The specific heat may exhibit a double-peaked structure at intermediate temperatures for $S\agt 3s$ in general. On the other hand, a modified spin-wave theory precisely describes the low-temperature properties. Expanding the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility, we reveal an analogy and a contrast between mixed-spin ferromagnets and ferrimagnets.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Resonantly-forced Eccentric Ringlets: Relationships between Surface Density, Resonance location, Eccentricity and Eccentricity-gradient
Creators: name: Melita, M. D.
name: Papaloizou, J. C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a simple model of the dynamics of a narrow-eccentric ring, to put some constraints on some of the observable properties of the real systems.In this work we concentrate on the case of the `Titan ringlet of Saturn'.Our approach is fluid-like, since our description is based on normal modes of oscillation rather than in individual particle orbits. Thus, the rigid precession of the ring is described as a global $m=1$ mode, which originates from a standing wave superposed on an axisymmetric background. An integral balance condition for the maintenance of the $m=1$ standing-wave can be set up, in which the differential precession induced by the oblateness of the central planet must cancel the contributions of self-gravity, the resonant satellite forcing and collisional effects. We expect that in nearly-circular narrow rings dominated by self-gravity, the eccentricity varies linearly across the ring. Thus, we take a first order expansion and we derive two integral relationships from the rigid-precession condition. These relate the surface density of the ring with the eccentricity at the center, the eccentricity gradient and the location of the secular resonance. These relationships are applied to the Titan ringlet of Saturn, which has a secular resonance with the satellite Titan in which the ring precession period is close to Titan's orbital period. In this case, we estimate the mean surface density and the location of the secular resonance.
description: Accepted for publication in Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
Can Bt Maize Reduce Exposure to the Mycotoxin Fumonisin in South Africa?
Creators: name: Pray, Carl E.
name: Rheeder, John
name: Gouse, Marnus
name: Volkwyn, Yvette
name: Van Der Westhuizen, Liana
name: Shephard, Gordon
name: Pray, Carl E.
name: Rheeder, John
name: Gouse, Marnus
name: Volkwyn, Yvette
name: Van Der Westhuizen, Liana
name: Shephard, Gordon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Bt maize
subject: mycotoxins
subject: fumonisin
subject: South Africa

description: The mycotoxin fumonisin is associated with oesophageal cancer and birth defects. The Eastern Cape province of South Africa has high levels of fumonisin in maize and oesophageal cancer. This study measures the amounts of the mycotoxin fumonisin in the grain of Bt maize, commercial hybrids, and farmer-saved, local mixtures of seed that were produced and stored by small holders in South Africa. We find that adoption of Bt maize can reduce poor rural consumers exposure to fumonisin. Greater consumption of maize meal milled in modern mills could have a similar impact.
Geographical variations in the slope of the δ2H–δ18O meteoric water line over Europe: a record of increasing continentality
Creators: name: Lécuyer, Christophe
name: Ana-Voica Bojar
name: Daux, Valérie
name: Legendre, Serge
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary figure 1: Linear relationship for Europe for monthly δ2H and δ18O values
Polarization measurements of the polluted white dwarf G29-38
Creators: name: Cotton, Daniel V.
name: Bailey, Jeremy
name: Pringle, J. E.
name: Sparks, William B.
name: von Hippel, Ted
name: Marshall, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have made high precision polarimetric observations of the polluted white dwarf G29-38 with the HIgh Precision Polarimetric Instrument 2. The observations were made at two different observatories -- using the 8.1-m Gemini North Telescope and the 3.9-m Anglo AustralianTelescope -- and are consistent with each other. After allowing for a small amount of interstellar polarization, the intrinsic linear polarization of the system is found to be 275.3 +/- 31.9 parts-per-million at a position angle of 90.8 +/- 3.8 degrees in the SDSS g' band. We compare the observed polarization with the predictions of circumstellar disc models. The measured polarization is small in the context of the models we develop which only allows us to place limits on disc inclination and Bond albedo for optically thin disc geometries. In this case either the inclination is near face-on or the albedo is small -- likely in the range 0.05 to 0.15 -- which is in line with other debris disc measurements. A preliminary search for the effects of G29-38's pulsations in the polarization signal produced inconsistent results. This may be caused by beating effects, indicate a clumpy dust distribution, or be a consequence of measurement systematics.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Accepted to MNRAS
Effect of decoupling and agri-environmental policy on biodiversity in the uplands in UK
Creators: name: Acs, Szvetlana
name: Dallimer, Martin
name: Hanley, Nick
name: Gaston, Kevin J.
name: Armsworth, Paul R.
name: Acs, Szvetlana
name: Dallimer, Martin
name: Hanley, Nick
name: Gaston, Kevin J.
name: Armsworth, Paul R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: decoupling
subject: agri-environmental policy
subject: ecological-economic model
subject: biodiversity

description: Recent decades have witnessed substantial losses in biodiversity in Europe, principally driven by the ecological changes associated with intensification of agricultural production. These changes especially affected the biodiversity in the marginal areas, such as the uplands in UK, since the habitat change was greater than in lowland zones. Livestock farming is the main land use in these areas, and economic viability of these farmers substantially relies on income coming from agricultural subsidies and different agri-environmental payments. The production decisions are influenced by these incentives and those have a subsequent effect on biodiversity. In order to address the problem of economic viability of farmers together with its impact on biodiversity conservation, we developed ecological-economic models for four typical farm types in the Peak District National Park in UK. We analyse the effect of policies on upland avian densities, focusing on decoupling and agri-environment schemes. The results show that the impact of these policies individually, which sometimes opposite, differs from their aggregated effect. It also shows that the effect differs across farm types. This means that from a biodiversity point of view whatever future policy options are chosen will result in winners and losers.
Geographical variations in the slope of the δ2H–δ18O meteoric water line over Europe: a record of increasing continentality
Creators: name: Lécuyer, Christophe
name: Ana-Voica Bojar
name: Daux, Valérie
name: Legendre, Serge
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary figure 2: Median value for the IAEA station observations
Nanoscale studies of domain wall motion in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films
Creators: name: Paruch, P.
name: Giamarchi, T.
name: Tybell, T.
name: Triscone, J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate ferroelectric switching and nanoscale domain dynamics in epitaxial PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin films. Measurements of the writing time dependence of domain size reveal a two-step process in which nucleation is followed by radial domain growth. During this growth, the domain wall velocity exhibits a v ~ exp[-(1/E)^mu] dependence on the electric field, characteristic of a creep process. The domain wall motion was analyzed both in the context of stochastic nucleation in a periodic potential as well as the canonical creep motion of an elastic manifold in a disorder potential. The dimensionality of the films suggests that disorder is at the origin of the observed domain wall creep. To investigate the effects of changing the disorder in the films, defects were introduced during crystal growth (a-axis inclusions) or by heavy ion irradiation, producing films with planar and columnar defects, respectively. The presence of these defects was found to significantly decrease the creep exponent mu, from 0.62 - 0.69 to 0.38 - 0.5 in the irradiated films and 0.19 - 0.31 in the films containing a-axis inclusions.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, to be published in J. App. Phys. special issue on ferroelectrics
Decoherence versus Dynamical Casimir Effect
Creators: name: Schützhold, Ralf
name: Tiersch, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of two simple examples: phase and amplitude damping, the impact of decoherence on the dynamical Casimir effect is investigated. Even without dissipating energy (i.e., pure phase damping), the amount of created particles can be diminished significantly via the coupling to the environment (reservoir theory) inducing decoherence. For a simple microscopic model, it is demonstrated that spontaneous decays within the medium generate those problems -- Rabi oscillations are far more advantageous in that respect. These findings are particularly relevant in view of a recently proposed experimental verification of the dynamical Casimir effect. PACS: 42.50.Lc, 03.65.Yz, 03.70.+k, 42.50.Dv.
description: 11 pages
Contrasting the political responses to financial globalization in Japan and South Korea
Creators: name: Wood, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: State responsiveness to globalization depends on flexible and adaptive institutions. States can oversee and plan economic activity in an era of financial deregulation so long as they have this adaptable institutional framework. Japan's response to pressures for administrative reform throughout the 1990s illustrates that state capacity can be been preserved, even when faced with domestic political constraint. As a counterexample, I will highlight how South Korea's (henceforth Korea) responses initially diminished the state's traditional institutional capacity, but that the most recent course of reforms (post 1997 crisis) has revived the state's role, though under a different set of goals. The initial stimulus to change is global constraint, by which I mean international pressure in the form of increased foreign investment—capital and portfolio flows—to open financial markets and increase industrial competition and transparency. Another stimulus falls with domestic political factors, which can be characterized by the vested conservative coalitions that maintain control in Japan's Diet, and the political changes under Korea's democratic transition. The policies that came forth from each case reveals out two contrasting responses. In Japan, we see that administrative and financial reforms have taken place in response to globalization. Nevertheless, these substantial changes have been continuously blocked by deeply entrenched domestic political interests. This in turn, has rendered the developmental state stagnant. In Korea, we will examine how globalization, combined with simultaneous democratization, forced the state down a rapid path of liberalization. The emergence of a region-wide financial crisis however, required state-led responses and thus resulted in a new role for the state—where it plays a central role in enforcing market-oriented policies. From these different responses we discover that global pressures were managed or mediated differently in each case. This paper concludes that globalization has had different effects in Japan and Korea—namely that the developmental state has been preserved in the former but dismantled in the latter. In this respect, Japan continues to muddle along, stifled by the inability to pass significant reform measures, but that change is ultimately occurring, notably in the practices of big business. In Korea, the state has turned towards marke-tbased reforms, but has continued to play a significant role formulating industrial policy.
Fractal basins of attraction in a binary quasar model
Creators: name: Kumar, Vinay
name: Sharma, Pankaj
name: Aggarwal, Rajiv
name: Kaur, Bhavneet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present paper investigates the binary system of quasars in the framework of the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem. The parametric evolution of libration points, the geometry of zero-velocity curves are one of the crucial aspects of our study. The multivariate form of NR method is applied to study the basin of attraction connected with libration points. The algorithm for using the Newton-Raphson method is slightly modified in order to avoid the unnecessary delay in the convergence of initial conditions. The impact of parameters on the shape of the basin of attraction and the number of iterations needed for the convergence of initial conditions are explored. We carry out an exhaustive (numerical) study to show the influence of these parameters on converging regions in basins of convergence. We unveil the existence of fractal structure in the basin of attraction using the method of basin entropy. In almost all cases, the existence of fractal structure is found throughout the basins of attraction.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Consumer Purchasing Behavior in Response to Media Coverage of Avian Influenza
Creators: name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Zhen, Chen
name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Zhen, Chen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Avian influenza
subject: food safety
subject: Italy
subject: meat demand
subject: media index

description: Consumer concerns regarding food safety can have substantial impacts on their consumption patterns. Thus, understanding consumer response to food safety information is important for quantifying consumer response to food safety events, predicting market impacts, and developing appropriate risk communication strategies. Flexible demand systems have gained much popularity in analyzing effects of food safety outbreaks on consumer demand because of their ability to capture interactions between the demand for substitutable and complementary goods. Using Italian scanner data on meat sales, we show the economic importance of accounting for the impact of avian flu outbreaks on group expenditures for meats in a dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) specification with intertemporally optimizing consumers. Failure to account for this form of expenditure endogeneity results in a substantial understatement of the food safety effect.
Dissipative flow equations
Creators: name: Rosso, Lorenzo
name: Iemini, Fernando
name: Schirò, Marco
name: Mazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the theory of flow equations to open quantum systems focusing on Lindblad master equations. We introduce and discuss three different generators of the flow that transform a linear non-Hermitian operator into a diagonal one. We first test our dissipative flow equations on a generic matrix and on a physical problem with a driven-dissipative single fermionic mode. We then move to problems with many fermionic modes and discuss the interplay between coherent (disordered) dynamics and localized losses. Our method can also be applied to non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.
description: 22 pages plus appendices, 9 figures. Typos in Sec. 2.2 and appendix A corrected
Limits for the central production of Theta^+ and Xi^{--} pentaquarks in 920 GeV pA collisions
Creators: name: B Collaboration
name: Abt, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for Theta^+(1540) and Xi^{--}(1862) pentaquark candidates in proton-induced reactions on C, Ti and W targets at mid-rapidity and \sqrt{s} = 41.6 GeV. In 2x10^8 inelastic events we find no evidence for narrow (sigma~5 MeV) signals in the Theta^+ -> pK_s and Xi^{--} -> Xi^-pi^- channels; our 95% CL upper limits (UL) for the inclusive production cross section times branching fraction Bx(dsigma/dy)|_{y~0} are 3.7 and 2.5 microb/N. The UL of the yield ratio of [Theta^+ / Lambda(1520)] < 2.7% is significantly lower than model predictions. Our UL of [BxXi^{--} / Xi(1530)^0] < 4% is at variance with the results that have provided first evidence for the Xi^{--} signal.
description: LATEX, 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, gzipped tar-file
Technology, preferences and the sustainable intensification of agricultural production
Creators: name: Russell, Noel P.
name: Omer, Amani A.
name: Pascual, Unai
name: Russell, Noel P.
name: Omer, Amani A.
name: Pascual, Unai
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Agrobiodiversity
subject: sustainable agricultural intensification
subject: ecosystem services

description: This paper addresses the relationship between agrobiodiversity conservation and sustainable agricultural intensification. A stylised theoretical model is used to explore the conditions by which both agrobiodiversity and conventional input intensification may increase through optimal adjustments of input use in biodiversity poor agroecosystems. The model shows that this result can arise in quite general circumstances where there is (1) an agricultural production technology that allows a positive relationship between ecological integrity of a given agricultural area and agricultural productivity in that area, and (2) decision maker preferences that recognise this positive relationship and generate resource allocation decisions that support it. While increase in agrobiodiversity conservation is a necessary condition for optimal resource adjustments, whether input use will increase or decrease along this optimal path depends on the buffering effect of agrobiodiversity on ecosystem damage and the relative societal welfare impacts of reduced agricultural output and ecosystem damage. A provocative hypothesis derived from the model points at the possibility that ecosystem damage (agrobiodiversity loss) can optimally decline even while agriculture is being intensified.
Hybrid-Delta Tracking on a Structured Mesh in MCATK
Creators: name: Morgan, Joanna Piper
name: Trahan, Travis
name: Josey, Colin
name: Burke, Timothy
name: Niemeyer, Kyle
Publisher: name: CEMeNT
Year: 2024

description: Poster presented at the The International Conference on Mathematics and Computational Methods Applied to Nuclear Science & Engineering in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada on Wednesday, August 16th, 2023

Related paper on arxiv

This work was supported by the Center for Exascale Monte-Carlo Neutron Transport (CEMeNT) a PSAAP-III project funded by the Department of Energy, grant number: DE-NA003967.

LA-UR-23-29186
Information Cost: A Prior Hurdle to Exporting
Creators: name: Wei, Xuan
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Wei, Xuan
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: information cost
subject: probit
subject: technical barriers to trade

description: This paper empirically investigates how information cost, as part of trade costs, affects the decision of an individual firm to export. We use cross section firm-level data to examine how the difficulty of obtaining information on technical regulations in the European Union (EU) and the United States actually reduces firm incentives to export to these two destinations. Results suggest that increased information cost significantly reduces the probability of exporting for an individual firm, beyond tariff and other nontariff barriers.
On the Determination of Neutrino Masses and Dark Energy Evolution from the Cross Correlation of CMB and LSS
Creators: name: Ichikawa, Kazuhide
name: Takahashi, Tomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibilities of the simultaneous determination of the neutrino masses and the evolution of dark energy from future cosmological observations such as cosmic microwave background (CMB), large scale structure (LSS) and the cross correlation between them. Recently it has been discussed that there is a degeneracy between the neutrino masses and the equation of state for dark energy. It is also known that there are some degeneracies among the parameters describing the dark energy evolutions. We discuss the implications of these on the cross correlation of CMB with LSS in some details. Then we consider to what extent we can determine the neutrino masses and the dark energy evolution using the expected data from CMB, LSS and their cross correlation.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Fermionic versus bosonic descriptions of one-dimensional spin-gapped antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Shoji
name: Funase, Kei-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In terms of spinless fermions and spin waves, we describe magnetic properties of a spin-1/2 ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic bond-alternating chain which behaves as a Haldane-gap antiferromagnet. On one hand, we employ the Jordan-Wigner transformation and treat the fermionic Hamiltonian within the Hartree-Fock approximation. On the other hand, we employ the Holstein-Primakoff transformation and modify the conventional spin-wave theory so as to restore the sublattice symmetry. We calculate the excitation gap, the specific heat, the magnetic susceptibility, magnetization curves, and the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate with varying bond alternation. These schemes are further applied to a bond-alternating tetramerized chain which behaves as a ferrimagnet. The fermionic language is particularly stressed as a useful tool to investigate one-dimensional spin-gapped antiferromagnets, while the bosonic one works better for ferrimagnets.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR MILK QUALITY ATTRIBUTES
Creators: name: Berges, Miriam E.
name: Casellas, Karina S.
name: Berges, Miriam E.
name: Casellas, Karina S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Willingness to pay
subject: Quality attributes
subject: Fluid milk
subject: Contingent Valuation

description: Supply and the demand for food products have experienced important changes in the last decades. From the supply side, the firms produce a great variety of products and quality and standards requirements are implemented along the supply chain. From the demand side, new preferences for food products arise promoted by socio-demographic and consumer behavior changes. Additional nutrients and enhanced production processes are considered quality attributes over which consumer decides at the purchase choice. Following contingent valuation method, this paper evaluates willingness to pay for quality attributes using fluid milk as study case and the data of a consumer survey conducted in Mar del Plata city, Argentina. Our results suggest a low willingness to pay in spite of consumers’ concerns about food quality. WTP rises with the level of information they process and with quality and food safety priorities rather than price at purchasing food.
description: This study was financed by Project ALCUE-FOOD. Work package 3 (INTA, COPAL, EMBRAPA, CIRAD, CECYT, INIA, INAP). “From European fork to Latin American farm”: an innovative networking platform for EU–LAC partnerships in food quality and safety R&D
The Lojasiewicz-Simon inequality for the elastic flow
Creators: name: Mantegazza, Carlo
name: Pozzetta, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define the elastic energy of smooth immersed closed curves in $\mathbb{R}^n$ as the sum of the length and the $L^2$-norm of the curvature, with respect to the length measure. We prove that the $L^2$-gradient flow of this energy smoothly converges asymptotically to a critical point. One of our aims was to the present the application of a Lojasiewicz-Simon inequality, which is at the core of the proof, in a quite concise and versatile way.
The FLIC Overlap Quark Propagator
Creators: name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Bowman, Patrick O.
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Williams, Anthony G.
name: Zhang, Jianbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FLIC overlap fermions are a variant of the standard (Wilson) overlap action, with the FLIC (Fat Link Irrelevant Clover) action as the overlap kernel rather than the Wilson action. The structure of the FLIC overlap fermion propagator in momentum space is studied, and a comparison against previous studies of the Wilson overlap propagator in quenched QCD is performed. To explore the scaling properties of the propagator for the two actions, numerical calculations are performed in Landau Gauge across three lattices with different lattice spacing $a$ and similar physical volumes. We find that at light quark masses the acti ons agree in both the infrared and the ultraviolet, but at heavier masses some disagreement in the ultraviolet appears. This is attributed to the two action s having different discretisation errors with the FLIC overlap providing superior performance in this regime. Both actions scale reasonably, but some scaling violations are observed.
The Bush administration’s nuclear strategy : the ’New Triad,’ counterproliferation doctrine, and asymmetrical deterrence
Creators: name: McDonough, David Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the current Bush administration's nuclear weapons strategy. It argues that the current U.S. strategy is based on the concept of asymmetrical deterrence against 'rogue states' that, rather than having a comparable or even minimal nuclear arsenal, have or are developing nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) weapons. This form of asymmetrical deterrence can therefore be seen as comparable to the U.S. deterrent posture in the 1940's to 1960's against the Soviet Union, and contrasted with the symmetrical deterrent posture reflected in the context of mutually assured destruction (MAD). In addition, this paper offers some preliminary conclusions on the problems associated with this posture, specifically with regard to the non-proliferation regime and the symmetrical U.S. deterrent posture directed towards Russia and China. Rather than a new strategy, asymmetrical deterrence has been the de facto U.S. policy of the post-Cold War period. This strategy changes the calculus of deterrence by expanding U.S. nuclear strategy to incorporate conventional counter-proliferation elements such as conventional strike options, preventive war and missile defense. This development is largely due to the changing U.S. threat perception towards rogue states, which have since replaced the Soviet Union as the most significant strategic threat facing the United States. While a de facto policy throughout the post-Cold War period, it has attained a pre-eminent status under the Bush administration. This has been most explicitly reflected in the 2002 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) Report, which outlines the strategic concept of the New Triad consisting of offensive strike systems (nuclear and non-nuclear), defenses (active and passive), and a revitalized defense infrastructure.
Social Distancing Beliefs and Human Mobility: Evidence from Twitter
Creators: name: Porcher, Simon
name: Renault, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We construct a novel database containing hundreds of thousands geotagged messages related to the COVID-19 pandemic sent on Twitter. We create a daily index of social distancing -- at the state level -- to capture social distancing beliefs by analyzing the number of tweets containing keywords such as "stay home", "stay safe", "wear mask", "wash hands" and "social distancing". We find that an increase in the Twitter index of social distancing on day t-1 is associated with a decrease in mobility on day t. We also find that state orders, an increase in the number of COVID cases, precipitation and temperature contribute to reducing human mobility. Republican states are also less likely to enforce social distancing. Beliefs shared on social networks could both reveal the behavior of individuals and influence the behavior of others. Our findings suggest that policy makers can use geotagged Twitter data -- in conjunction with mobility data -- to better understand individual voluntary social distancing actions.
Channeling consumption preferences for co-existence of landrace and modern varieties in-situ
Creators: name: Krishna, Vijesh V.
name: Pascual, Unai
name: Zilberman, David
name: Krishna, Vijesh V.
name: Pascual, Unai
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Agrobiodiversity
subject: Contingent valuation
subject: Eggplant
subject: Hedonic pricing
subject: India
subject: Labelling and certification
subject: Landrace conservation

description: The study examines the least-cost option of conserving landraces in-situ by the development of market friction instruments. The empirical examination is comprised of two closely-related studies on eggplant production and consumption sectors of India. An examination of the cost and return structure of eggplant farming in the study area reveals that the incremental farm price of eggplant products of landrace origin eclipses the yield advantage of hybrid varieties. Possibly due to the information asymmetries and other imperfections existing in this market, the price increment currently realized by the eggplant farmers is still only a fraction of consumers’ willingness to pay for landraces. This wide margin is indicative of the unexploited potential of labelling and certification schemes as an emerging agrobiodiversity conservation strategy.
On Superspace Chern-Simons-like Terms
Creators: name: Argyres, Philip C.
name: Awad, Adel M.
name: Braun, Gregory A.
name: Esposito, F. Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for superspace Chern-Simons-like higher-derivative terms in the low energy effective actions of supersymmetric theories in four dimensions. Superspace Chern-Simons-like terms are those gauge-invariant terms which cannot be written solely in terms of field strength superfields and covariant derivatives, but in which a gauge potential superfield appears explicitly. We find one class of such four-derivative terms with N=2 supersymmetry which, though locally on the Coulomb branch can be written solely in terms of field strengths, globally cannot be. These terms are classified by certain Dolbeault cohomology classes on the moduli space. We include a discussion of other examples of terms in the effective action involving global obstructions on the Coulomb branch.
description: 23 pages; a reference and an author email corrected
Designing the Last Mile of the Supply Chain in Africa: Firm Expansion and Managerial Inferences from a Grocer Model of Location Decisions
Creators: name: Weatherspoon, Dave D.
name: Ross, Anthony
name: Weatherspoon, Dave D.
name: Ross, Anthony
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Supply Chain
subject: Africa
subject: Informal Markets
subject: Facility Location Model

description: The recent interest in the expansion of retail food chains and the perceived problems resulting from competition between these new, sophisticated supply chains and the most basic of food distribution networks in emerging economies have been greatly debated in the literature. This paper is a seminal approach to examining South-South food firm (grocer) foreign direct investment by incorporating data on the informal market into a facility location decision model. There are unique environmental complexities that developing/transitioning economies present. The unique finding of this model is that informal employment patterns, in both Agricultural and non-Agricultural sectors, influence the firm’s location. Given the absence of data, South-South foreign direct investment managers perceive avid market transactions as indicators of demand and potential supply availability in formal and informal sectors. For example, Pick n’ Pay’s CEO stated recently that their growth in the Southern Africa supermarket business is a direct result of the informal market converting to the formal market.
Assessing Input Brand Loyalty among U.S. Agricultural Producers
Creators: name: Harbor, Anetra L.
name: Martin, Marshall A.
name: Akridge, Jay T.
name: Harbor, Anetra L.
name: Martin, Marshall A.
name: Akridge, Jay T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: brand loyalty
subject: dealer loyalty
subject: capital inputs
subject: expendable inputs
subject: farmer purchase decisions

description: This study explores the prevalence and determinants of brand loyalty for agricultural input products. Results suggest that loyalty for both expendable and capital inputs is high among commercial agricultural producers in the United States. Producer attitudes, beliefs, and some demographic characteristics are useful identifiers of brand loyalty among commercial producers.
Evidence for $t\bar{t}t\bar{t}$ production in the multilepton final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is presented for four-top-quark production using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are selected if they contain a same-sign lepton pair or at least three leptons (electrons or muons). Jet multiplicity, jet flavour and event kinematics are used to separate signal from the background through a multivariate discriminant, and dedicated control regions are used to constrain the dominant backgrounds. The four-top-quark production cross section is measured to be 24$^{+7}_{-6}$ fb. This corresponds to an observed (expected) significance with respect to the background-only hypothesis of 4.3 (2.4) standard deviations and provides evidence for this process.
description: 45 pages total, author list starting page 29, 7 figures, 4 tables, published in EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2018-05/
CHET TILINI O'QITISHDA KOMMUNIKATIV O'YINLARDAN FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Xojiyeva, Sevaraxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Chet tilini o"qitishda kommunikativ o"yinlardan foydalanish zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalardan foydalanish judayam yaxshi samara beradi. Mashg"ulotlarda kommunikativ o"yinlardan foydalanilsa, o"quvchilarda chet tilini o"rganishga faol qiziqish vujudga keladi va chet tiliga doir bilimlarni egallashga intilish kuchayadi. Bunday mashg"ulotda asosan o"quvchilar faolligi kuzatiladi, o"qituvchi esa ularni yo"naltiruvchi vazifasini bajaradi.
Source Differentiated Mexican Dairy Import Demand
Creators: name: Ramirez, Miguel A.
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Ramirez, Miguel A.
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: dairy trade
subject: import demand
subject: almost ideal demand system
subject: source differentiation

description: Mexico is a major destination of dairy exports and is the single largest importer of US dairy exports. We use a restricted source almost ideal demand system to estimate the demand for dairy products imported into Mexico. The estimation facilitates an examination of the demand for dairy imports and the results have implications for exporting firms and countries. Our estimates indicate fierce competition for the Mexican market between the US, Oceania, and “other countries” primarily from South America.
Cosmological homogeneity scale estimates are dressed
Creators: name: Heinesen, Asta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate number count statistics as measures for transition to homogeneity of the matter distribution in the Universe and analyse how such statistics might be `dressed' by the assumed survey selection function. Since the estimated survey selection function -- which ideally accounts for selection bias in the observed distribution -- is partially degenerate with the estimated underlying distribution of galaxies, the ability to identify the correct survey selection function is of importance for obtaining reliable estimates for clustering statistics. Selection functions of existing galaxy catalogues are modelled from data to resemble the redshift distribution and mean density of the observed galaxies. Proposed estimates of the selection function for upcoming surveys in addition use the angular distribution of galaxies to generate the angular selection function instead of using angular completeness estimates. We argue that such modelling of the selection function could potentially underestimate the deviance from homogeneity at scales probed by existing catalogues. We investigate the impact of conventionally applied methods for estimation of the survey selection function on number count in sphere statistics in a toy model setting. The example density distribution is asymptotically homogeneous, while non-linear density fluctuations are present regionally. We find that density oscillations with period comparable to characteristic scales of the survey are suppressed when conventional estimates of the survey selection function are invoked, resulting in number count statistics that are biased towards homogeneity. For our concrete toy model with maximum density contrasts of 1 and period of the density oscillation comparable in size to the survey radius, we find that the homogeneity scale is underestimated by ~40%, however this quantitative result is dependent on the model setup.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
title: Back to Fundamentals of Research: Ethics and Academic Freedom. Position Paper
Creators: name: Credi, Alberto
name: Fontanesi, Luca
name: Montanari, Rebecca
name: Coppini, Sara
name: Gualandi, Bianca
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2025

description: On December 2, 2024, the University of Bologna organised an international event titled: “Back to Fundamentals of Research: Ethics and Academic Freedom.” The event featured prominent speakers and experts from national and international institutions, who shared their insights on emerging ethical concerns and the risks to academic freedom. Through this position paper, the University of Bologna aims to highlight the key messages that emerged from the discussions and to outline the challenges and recommendations to create a more responsible and supportive research environment.
The Innermost AGNs with Future mm-VLBI
Creators: name: Agudo, I.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Bach, U.
name: Pagels, A.
name: Sohn, B. W.
name: Graham, D. A.
name: Witzel, A.
name: Zensus, J. A.
name: Gomez, J. L.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Grewing, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The capabilities of the Global mm-VLBI Array are summarized and demonstrated through actual images from our monitoring of extragalactic radio jets. This sensitive 3mm-VLBI interferometer is able to provide images of up to 50 microarcseconds resolution. For the near future, ALMA, the GBT, the LMT, CARMA, SRT, Yebes, Nobeyama and Noto are some of the most sensitive stations suitable to participate in mm-VLBI. This future array, together with the present Global mm-VLBI Array, would achieve 10 times better sensitivities than nowadays. Image fidelity would also largely increased. T he addition of ALMA would improve the (u,v)-coverage for sources with low declination (<20 deg.) and facilitate the VLBI imaging of the Galactic Centre source SgrA*.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the Proc. of the Conf. "Exploring the Cosmic Frontier: Astrophysical Instruments for the XXI Century", in press
Range and Limit of Geographical Indication Scheme: The Case of Basmati Rice from Punjab, Pakistan
Creators: name: Giraud, Georges
name: Giraud, Georges
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Basmati rice
subject: Marketing
subject: Commodity chain
subject: Geographical Indication
subject: Pakistan

description: Basmati is well renowned as the most aromatic rice over the world. Populated urban markets are prone to accept a premium to Basmati, whom price is the highest for rice on trade and domestic markets. Punjab province represents 90% of overall Basmati rice production in Pakistan since immemorial times. This area forms the genuine alluvial lands appropriate for Basmati cultivation. Due to its price premium, some opportunist behaviors appear such as cropping blending of polished long grain from other varieties. The need of protection is clearly documented, but the registration of a Geographical Indication, will probably increase Basmati market shortages.
Mechanical properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber reinforced by Polyvinyl chloride particles
Creators: name: H.Al-Maamori, Mohammed
name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
name: Yasser, Haider A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Polymer blends are capable of providing materials with extended useful properties beyond the range that can be obtained from single polymer equivalents. Effect of immersion in oil and water on hardness of Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) Blends reinforced by (30,50,and 70%) PVC were studied in this paper. The results from this work show that the strength will impairment after immersion in oil and water as a result of the penetration of the oil and water molecules within NBR-PVC blend , which increase the extending between the main chains and cause the weakening in secondary forces of (vander walls) and crosslink so that the Brownian motion of molecular chains will increases Which leads to a decrease in hardness.