Hypsiboas andinus
Creators: name: Kolenc, Francisco
name: Borteiro, Claudio
name: Alcalde, Leandro
name: Baldo, Diego
name: Cardozo, Dario
name: Faivovich, Julián
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Hylidae
Hypsiboas
Hypsiboas andinus

description: Hypsiboas andinus (Müller)   
Figs. 1A, 1B and 3A.  
 External morphology.— Lot MLP DB 4806, Figs. 4A and 4B. Body depressed (BMH/ BMW = 0.86 ± 0.04); body length little longer than one third of total length (BL/TL = 0.34 ± 0.01); body shape ovoid in dorsal view; widest at posterior third of body, behind spiracle. In lateral view, ventral contour of body flat in gular and branchial regions, convex in abdominal region. Dorsal contour of body slightly convex from eyes to origin of dorsal fin. Snout semicircular in dorsal view, rounded in lateral view. Nostrils oval, with thin pigmented marginal rim, with a small subtriangular fleshy projection in medial margin (Fig. 18A); nostrils dorsolaterally located (EN/ BWN = 0.58 ± 0.04), placed in a depression and closer to eyes than to the tip of the snout (FN/ END = 1.45 ± 0.18), more visible in dorsal than in lateral view. Eyes large (E/ BWE = 0.24 ± 0.02), dorsally positioned (EO/ BWE = 0.73 ± 0.03), dorsolaterally directed, not visible in ventral view. Spiracle single, lateral and sinistral; its inner wall fused to body except for its distal end (Fig. 17A); its opening oval, slightly elevated, with a diameter smaller than tube diameter, located between second and posterior thirds of body (RSD/ BL = 0.64 ± 0.02), posterodorsally directed, visible in lateral and dorsal views. Lateral line system visible. Intestinal assa located at centre of abdominal region. Vent tube starts at midline, at posterior end of body, reaching free margin of lower fin, opening dextral. Tail large (TaL/TL = 0.66 ± 0.01), with both fins a little higher than body height (MTH/ BMH = 1.07 ± 0.07). Dorsal fin originates at tail-body junction. Edge of dorsal fin slightly convex, free margin of ventral fin almost flat. Tail axis straight, tail tip pointed; tail musculature reaching tail tip. Oral disc (Fig. 8A) anteroventral, small (OD/ BMW = 0.35 ± 0.02, disc measured folded), with a well marked infra–angular constriction at each side (also a less marked supra-angular constriction in two specimens). Marginal papillae simple, longer than wide, with rounded or pointed tip. Dorsal gap present, medium-sized (DG/ OD = 0.31 ± 0.05). Row of marginal papillae single or double; some infraangular submarginal papillae present. Upper jaw sheath widely arch-shaped, with a slightly convex medial region in one specimen. Lower jaw sheath with free margin U-shaped. Both jaw sheaths well developed, serrated and heavily pigmented in the distal half (upper one) or third (lower one). Labial tooth row formula 2(2)/4(1). A1 bent with an angle directed to the front. Length of P4 about half to one third of P3. In four specimens, P4 appears fragmented. Some lateral flaps or submarginal papillae with labial teeth are present. Tooth of all rows with spatulate and convex heads bearing 6–8 well-marked cusps (Fig. 10A).   
 Coloration in preservative.— Body light brown, with dark brown spots on dorsal and dorsolateral regions of body. A dark brown, triangular interocular spot, with the base directed backwards. Perinasal region dark brown. Ventral region transparent. Caudal musculature brown in dorsal view, whitish in lateral view with small dark blotches that coalesce forming a reticulation. A black horizontal band runs between epi- and hypaxial musculature for first third of the tail’s length. Fins opalescent with few dark flecks, more abundant in dorsal fin.   
 Variation.— Lot MLP DB 5520. In two specimens (stages 33 and 36) the A1 and A2 tooth row are abnormally arranged.   
 Oral cavity morphology.— (Figs. 11A and 13A). Buccal roof: Prenarial arena presents a low transversal crest and some pustules surrounding it. Choanae transversely oriented, with anteromedial and rounded vacuities, posterior margins forming the narial valves, and both margins undulated by the presence of small prenarial pustules, in particular the anterior one. Postnarial arena presents 8 conical papillae forming an arch between the lateral ridges. There are some pustules arranged among the postnarial papillae. The low, rounded and wide median ridge presents short undulations on its free margin. Each square-shaped lateral ridge papilla possess about 4–5 projections on the free margin, none of them predominant in size. There are approximately 160 pustules and 40 long and conical papillae on the buccal roof arena (BRA). The pustules are mainly on the central region and the papillae on the posterior and most lateral areas of the arena placed in a “V” arrangement. Posterior area of the roof with secretory pits and medially interrupted dorsal velum with lobated margins.   
Buccal floor: Infralabial papillae on infrarostral cartilages absent. There are two long and digitiform infralabial papillae placed at the level of cartilago meckeli. The lingual anlage bears 2 long and conical lingual papillae placed very close to each other and practically fused at the midline in some specimens. Buccal pockets mostly transversal to the axial axis. Prepocket area with 4 long and 14 short conical papillae and about 80 pustules. There are 20 long and conical papillae (two of them bifid), 26 short and conical papillae and about 190 pustules on the buccal floor arena (BFA). The papillae arrange in one anterior and other posterior Vshaped patterns. The ventral velum has a weakly-marked median notch, three poorly-developed marginal projections at each side of the posterior margin and many secretory pits.
description: Published as part of Kolenc, Francisco, Borteiro, Claudio, Alcalde, Leandro, Baldo, Diego, Cardozo, Dario & Faivovich, Julián, 2008, Advertisement call and female sexual cycle in Uruguayan populations of Physalaemus henselii (Anura, Leiuperidae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 1927 (2) on pages 8-10