Apharinodes sinensis Yin & Jiang, 2017, new species
Creators: name: Zi-Wei Yin
name: Ri-Xin Jiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Apharinodes
Apharinodes sinensis

description: Apharinodes sinensis, new species
Figs 1-2
Type material: Holotype: macropterous male: ‘ China: Yunnan Province, Lincang City, Yun Hsien (âh), Manwan Town (Ōfflffi), Caozidicun (ḆŦḿ ‼), 24°40’27”N, 100°23’09”E, under stone, 1757 m, 9.iv.2016, Zi-Chun Xiong leg.’ (SNUC). Paratype: 1 apterous male, same label data as the holotype (SNUC).
Diagnosis: BL 2.28-2.39 mm; postocular region longer than eye (Fig. 2 A); anterolateral branches (Fig. 2 A-1) of squamous scales on pronotum distinct but shorter than basolateral branches (Fig. 2 A-2), basolateral branches and mediobasal branch (Fig. 2 A-3) separated anteriorly; male antennomere XI with large, shallow semicircular excavation on mesal surface; aedeagus (Fig. 2 G-H) weakly sclerotized, median lobe with large basal capsule, endophallus with three sclerites, parameres thick and short.
Description: Macropterous male (Fig. 1 A). Body length 2.39 mm. Body light reddish brown, mouthparts and tarsi lighter in color (the light color of the two males available are possibly due to immature adult status); most part of dorsal surface covered with thick squamous setae.
Head (Fig. 2 A) slightly longer than wide, HL 0.53 mm, HW 0.46 mm, small vertexal and frontal fovea largely covered by setae; eyes large, each composed of about 32 facets; postocular margins (Fig. 2 B) longer than eyes, roundly narrowed toward head base; antennae (Fig. 2 C) robust, scapes as long as combined length of next two antennomeres, antennomeres II transversely quadrate, III to X strongly transverse, successively wider, XI largest, mesal surface with large, shallow, semicircular excavation, AnL 0.95 mm, AnCL 0.33 mm, AnCL/AnL = 0.35; maxillary palpi small and short, three-segmented, with distinct conical palpal cone; gular area flat, densely covered with setae basolaterally.
Pronotum (Fig. 2 A) slightly wider than long, PL 0.48 mm, PW 0.52 mm, lateral margins nearly straight at basal half, narrowed from middle toward apex; anterolateral branches of squamous scales distinct but short, extending less mesally than basolateral branches, mediobasal branch and basolateral branches clearly separated at anterior ends. Whole surface of prosternum (Fig. 2 B) covered with dense setae.
Elytra convex, wider than long, EL 0.73 mm, EW 0.88 mm, posterior margin with band of dense setae; two basal foveae covered by squamous scales; with complete discal and sutural striae. Metathoracic wings fully developed. Mesoventrite densely covered with small squamous setae; metaventrite densely covered with setae at middle, areas posterior to mesocoxae with two elongate projections that extend to metaventral posterior margin.
Abdomen subglobose, wider than long, AL 0.65 mm, AW 0.86 mm; tergite IV (first visible tergite) as long as tergite V, with pair of lateral sulci, tergites VI and VII slightly shorter than V, VIII (Fig. 2 D) circular viewed posteriorly; sternite IV (second visible sternite) to VII successively shorter, VIII (Fig. 2 E) shallowly emarginate at middle, IX (Fig. 2 F) well-sclerotized at apex, membranous at posterior half.
Key to species of Apharinodes Raffray
1 Body less than 2 mm; anterolateral branches of squamous scales on pronotum extending more mesal (closer to midline) than basolateral branches. (Singapore) ...................................................................... A. squamosa Raffray
– Body no less than 2 mm; anterolateral branches of squamous scales on pronotum shorter than basolateral branches (Figs 1, 3)..................................................................................................................................................................2
2 Male antennomere XI with large, shallow, quadrate excavation; pronotal mediobasal and basolateral branches of squamous scales fusing anteriorly (Fig. 3 B). (Singapore).......................................................... A. miranda Raffray
– Male antennomere XI with deep, rounded excavation (Figs 1, 2 C, 3A); pronotal mediobasal and basolateral branches of squamous scales separated anteriorly (Figs 1, 2 A, 3A) ........................................................................3
3 Excavation of male antennomere XI deeper (Fig. 3 A); postocular margins slightly shorter than eye length (Nomura, 1989: fig. 1); pronotal anterolateral branches of squamous scales indistinct (Fig. 3 A). (Japan: Okinawa)............... ................................................................................................................................................. A. papageno Nomura
– Excavation of male antennomere XI shallower (Figs 1, 2 C); postocular margins longer than eye length (Fig. 2 A); pronotal anterolateral branches of squamous scales distinct (Figs 1, 2 A). (China: Yunnan) ........ A. sinensis, sp. n.
Aedeagus (Fig. 2 G-H) weakly sclerotized, length 0.38 mm; median lobe broad, with large basal capsule, broadly emarginate along apical margin; parameres short and thick, each with three thick apical setae; endophallus composed of three sclerites, left sclerite longest, curved toward right, middle sclerite shortest, membranous, right sclerite broad, weakly sclerotized, narrowed at apex.
Apterous male (Fig. 1 B). Similar to macropterous male in general habitat, except eyes smaller, each composed of about 11 facets; elytra and metaventrite shorter; and metathoracic wings absent. Measurements: BL 2.28 mm, HL 0.50 mm, HW 0.44 mm, PL 0.47 mm, PW 0.52 mm, EL 0.65 mm, EW 0.87 mm, AL 0.66 mm, AW 0.85 mm, AnL 0.97 mm, AnCL 0.34 mm, AnCL/AnL = 0.35, length of aedeagus 0.35 mm.
Female. Unknown.
Distribution: Southwestern China: Yunnan.
Etymology: The specific epithet indicating the country where the new species was collected.
description: Published as part of Zi-Wei Yin & Ri-Xin Jiang, 2017, Apharinodes sinensis sp. n. (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from China, and discovery of male wing dimorphism in Hybocephalini, pp. 9-14 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 124 (1) on pages 10-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.322660