cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The spectral density of dense random networks and the breakdown of the Wigner semicircle law
Creators: name: Metz, Fernando L.
name: Silva, Jeferson D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the spectra of random networks have been studied for a long time, the influence of network topology on the dense limit of network spectra remains poorly understood. By considering the configuration model of networks with four distinct degree distributions, we show that the spectral density of the adjacency matrices of dense random networks is determined by the strength of the degree fluctuations. In particular, the eigenvalue distribution of dense networks with an exponential degree distribution is governed by a simple equation, from which we uncover a logarithmic singularity in the spectral density. We also derive a relation between the fourth moment of the eigenvalue distribution and the variance of the degree distribution, which leads to a sufficient condition for the breakdown of the Wigner semicircle law for dense random networks. Based on the same relation, we propose a classification scheme of the distinct universal behaviours of the spectral density in the dense limit. Our theoretical findings should lead to important insights on the mean-field behaviour of models defined on graphs.
description: 12 pages and 4 figures
Analysis and optimization regarding the activity of a Hungarian Pig Sales and Purchase Cooperation
Creators: name: Balogh, Peter
name: Ertsey, Imre
name: Fenyves, Veronika
name: Nagy, Lajos
name: Balogh, Peter
name: Ertsey, Imre
name: Fenyves, Veronika
name: Nagy, Lajos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: pork production
subject: integration
subject: network
subject: linear programming

description: In many ways, the Hungarian pork chain faces considerable disadvantages when compared to the situation in competing countries. In countries endowed with a modern meat chain, heavy concentration is the rule, but in Hungary decentralization still prevails, although thankfully the chain is not disintegrating even further. In our research we used the operation of co-operatives as a model in terms of a generalized network problem. The model allows the quantification of the number of pigs from given farms to slaughterhouses, the maximum sales revenue, the delivery threshold prices, and an analysis of the impact co-operative members exert on sales revenues.
Cognitive interventions with children and their characteristics: a scope review
Creators: name: Esquarante-Barbosa, Rúbia Mara
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: child
subject: cognitive rehabilitation
subject: cognitive stimulation
subject: cognitive training

description: This scope review aimed to identify the main characteristics of cognitive interventions targeting children up to 12 years and its association with intervention effects, including empirical articles from 2015 to 2022.
Additional file 21 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 21. Sequence similarity between GmPP2Cs and its corresponding AtrPP2Cs.
Agricultural Risk Management in the European Union and in the USA
Creators: name: Szekely, Csaba
name: Palinkas, Peter
name: Szekely, Csaba
name: Palinkas, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agriculture
subject: risk management
subject: risk perception
subject: EU
subject: USA
subject: surveys.

description: Risk management has become increasingly important in virtually all aspects of the economy, including agriculture. Every country that considers agriculture a strategically important economic sector strives for effective risk management in agriculture. In our study American and European Union farmers’ risk management practices were, based on various surveys, compared. In terms of agricultural risk management, major differences between the USA and the EU were evident, and these derive from different farming cultures, differences in historical evolution, and economic philosophy. This study provides an overview regarding the important similarities and dissimilarities.
ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ФИРМЫ НА ОСНОВЕ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Creators: name: Гайдук В.И.
name: Гладкий С.В.
name: Владимиров В.В.
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2021
Subjects: КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬ
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ПЛОДОРОДИЯ ПОЧВЫ
СНИЖЕНИЕ СЕБЕСТОИМОСТИ МЕХАНИЗИРОВАННЫХ РАБОТ
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ АГРОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ПРЕДПОСЕВНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ ПОЧВЫ

description: В современных условиях развития аграрного производства и ограниченности ресурсов, предприятиям АПК для повышения конкурентоспособности бизнеса необходимо наращивать производительность труда за счет применения современной специализированной техники. Развитие растениеводческой отрасли агропромышленного комплекса является приоритетной задачей комплексного исследования обеспечения продовольственной безопасности страны. Повышение качества предпосевной подготовки почвы неразрывно связано с процессом улучшения технологических характеристик применяемой сельскохозяйственной техники. В статье представлены результаты совершенствования технологического процесса первичной пожнивной обработки почвы после уборки подсолнечника и кукурузы. Приведено экономическое обоснование инвестирования в приобретение специализированной сельскохозяйственной техники для обработки почвы после уборки подсолнечника и кукурузы.In modern conditions of the development of agricultural production and limited resources, agricultural enterprises, in order to increase the competitiveness of their business, need to increase labor productivity through the use of modern specialized equipment. The development of the plant growing sector of the agro-industrial complex is a priority task of a comprehensive study of ensuring the country’s food security. Improving the quality of pre-sowing soil preparation is inextricably linked with the process of improving the technological characteristics of the agricultural machinery used. The article presents the results of improving the technological process of primary stubble cultivation after harvesting sunflower and corn. The economic rationale for investing in the purchase of specialized agricultural machinery for tillage after harvesting sunflower and maize is presented.In modern conditions of the development of agricultural production and limited resources, agricultural enterprises, in order to increase the competitiveness of their business, need to increase labor productivity through the use of modern specialized equipment. The development of the plant growing sector of the agro-industrial complex is a priority task of a comprehensive study of ensuring the country's food security. Improving the quality of pre-sowing soil preparation is inextricably linked with the process of improving the technological characteristics of the agricultural machinery used. The article presents the results of improving the technological process of primary stubble cultivation after harvesting sunflower and corn. The economic rationale for investing in the purchase of specialized agricultural machinery for tillage after harvesting sunflower and maize is presented.
The Relationship between Alternative Unemployment Indicators and Agriculture in the Northern Great Plain
Creators: name: Beresne, Martha Bernadett
name: Kerekes, Geza
name: Beresne, Martha Bernadett
name: Kerekes, Geza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: measurement of unemployment
subject: alternative unemployment indicators
subject: Hungary
subject: Northern Great Plain
subject: Western Transdanubia
subject: agriculture.

description: By adapting the alternative unemployment indicators series (U1-U6), which has long been in use in the United States and in many European countries, the authors endeavour to create their own indicators series using the Hungarian national statistical database as a basis to evaluate the results. This is performed both on the national and regional levels, meaning the socially and economically disadvantaged Northern Great Plain Region which is compared with the developed Western Transdanubian Region. The authors also attempt to establish a relationship between problems caused by unemployment in the Eastern part of the country and agriculture.
Voltage-Controlled Optics of a Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Högele, A.
name: Seidl, S.
name: Kroner, M.
name: Karrai, K.
name: Warburton, R. J.
name: Gerardot, B. D.
name: Petroff, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the optical properties of a single semiconductor quantum dot can be controlled with a small dc voltage applied to a gate electrode. We find that the transmission spectrum of the neutral exciton exhibits two narrow lines with $\sim 2$ $μ$eV linewidth. The splitting into two linearly polarized components arises through an exchange interaction within the exciton. The exchange interaction can be turned off by choosing a gate voltage where the dot is occupied with an additional electron. Saturation spectroscopy demonstrates that the neutral exciton behaves as a two-level system. Our experiments show that the remaining problem for manipulating excitonic quantum states in this system is spectral fluctuation on a $μ$eV energy scale.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; content as published
Additional file 22 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 22. Sequence similarity between GmPP2Cs and its corresponding NcPP2Cs.
Gravitational lens without asymptotic flatness: Its application to the Weyl gravity
Creators: name: Takizawa, Keita
name: Ono, Toshiaki
name: Asada, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss, without assuming asymptotic flatness, a gravitational lens for an observer and source that are within a finite distance from a lens object. The proposed lens equation is consistent with the deflection angle of light that is defined for nonasymptotic observer and source by Takizawa et al. [Phys. Rev. D 101, 104032 (2020)] based on the Gauss-Bonnet theorem with using the optical metric. This lens equation, though it is shown to be equivalent to the Bozza lens equation[Phys. Rev. D 78, 103005 (2008)], is linear in the deflection angle. Therefore, the proposed equation is more convenient for the purpose of doing an iterative analysis. As an explicit example of an asymptotically nonflat spacetime, we consider a static and spherically symmetric solution in Weyl conformal gravity, especially a case that $γ$ parameter in the Weyl gravity model is of the order of the inverse of the present Hubble radius. For this case, we examine iterative solutions for the finite-distance lens equation up to the third order. The effect of the Weyl gravity on the lensed image position begins at the third order and it is linear in the impact parameter of light. The deviation of the lensed image position from the general relativistic one is $\sim 10^{-2}$ microarcsecond for the lens and source with a separation angle of $\sim 1$ arcminute, where we consider a cluster of galaxies with $10^{14} M_{\odot}$ at $\sim 1$ Gpc for instance. The deviation becomes $\sim 10^{-1}$ microarcseconds, even if the separation angle is $\sim 10$ arcminutes. Therefore, effects of the Weyl gravity model are negligible in current and near-future observations of gravitational lensing. On the other hand, the general relativistic corrections at the third order $\sim 0.1$ milliarcseconds can be relevant with VLBI observations.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, title modified, strong deflection mentioned, one reference added, accepted by PRD
A wine market and marketing analysis of Wine Specialities from the Tokaj-Hegyalja Wine District
Creators: name: Szakal, Zoltan
name: Szakal, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: wine marketing
subject: dessert wine market
subject: market segmentation
subject: consumer behaviour

description: Tokaj Wine Specialities have few competitors and enjoy a rare niche among natural dessert wines since traditions surrounding their preparation, their specific microclimate, and unique taste enable one to utilise marketing tools for branding and market placement. To elaborate the marketing strategy, one needs market information that adequately shows the current situation and trends. During my research, I carried out segmentation for Tokaj Wine Specialities consumers and illustrated the correlations with statistical methods. My research covered the North-Alföld Region and Budapest. I performed a reliability test on the research databases and demonstrated that the areal data set can be integrated. My hypotheses findings also constitute new research.
On the classical limit of a time-dependent self-consistent field system: Analysis and computation
Creators: name: S Jin
name: C Sparber
name: Z Zhou
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © American Institute of Mathematical Sciences. We consider a coupled system of Schrödinger equations, arising in quantum mechanics via the so-called time-dependent self-consistent field method. Using Wigner transformation techniques we study the corresponding classical limit dynamics in two cases. In the first case, the classical limit is only taken in one of the two equations, leading to a mixed quantum-classical model which is closely connected to the well-known Ehrenfest method in molecular dynamics. In the second case, the classical limit of the full system is rigorously established, resulting in a system of coupled Vlasov-type equations. In the second part of our work, we provide a numerical study of the coupled semiclassically scaled Schrödinger equations and of the mixed quantum-classical model obtained via Ehrenfest's method. A second order (in time) method is introduced for each case. We show that the proposed methods allow time steps independent of the semi-classical parameter(s) while still capturing the correct behavior of physical observables. It also becomes clear that the order of accuracy of our methods can be improved in a straightforward way.
The Revival of Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic strings are one-dimensional topological defects which could have been formed in the early stages of our Universe. They triggered a lot of interest, mainly for their cosmological implications: they could offer an alternative to inflation for the generation of density perturbations. It was shown however that cosmic strings lead to inconsistencies with the measurements of the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies. The picture is changed recently. It was shown that, on the one hand, cosmic strings can be generically formed in the framework of supersymmetric grand unified theories and that, on the other hand, cosmic superstrings could play the rôle of cosmic strings. There is also some possible observational support. All this lead to a revival of cosmic strings research and this is the topic of my lecture.
description: 13 pages, Invited Lecture in " Pomeranian Workshop in Fundamental Cosmology" (Poland 2005), to be published in Annalen der Physik
Enstrophy non-conservation and the forward cascade of energy in two-dimensional electrostatic magnetized plasma turbulence
Creators: name: Plunk, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fluid system is derived to describe electrostatic magnetized plasma turbulence at scales somewhat larger than the Larmor radius of a given species. It is related to the Hasegawa- Mima equation, but does not conserve enstrophy, and, as a result, exhibits a forward cascade of energy, to small scales. The inertial-range energy spectrum is argued to be shallower than a -11/3 power law, as compared to the -5 law of the Hasegawa-Mima enstrophy cascade. This property, confirmed here by direct numerical simulations of the fluid system, may help explain the fluctuation spectrum observed in gyrokinetic simulations of streamer-dominated electron-temperature-gradient driven turbulence [Plunk et al., 2019], and also possibly some cases of ion-temperature-gradient driven turbulence where zonal flows are suppressed [Plunk et al., 2017].
Moberg, Axel (Übers.), Buch der Strahlen
Creators: name: Cöln, Franz
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 8 (1908): Oriens christianus, Band 8
Global eyes : considerations of a global education initiative (The Youth Millennium Project) in London, UK and Ystad, Sweden
Creators: name: Jones, Shelley Kathleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This work explores how two classes of Year 6 students, one from London, UK and one from Ystad, Sweden, responded to a global education initiative - The Youth Millennium Project. The research explores how these students in their two very different communities - in term of socioeconomic, cultural, ethnic and linguistic factors- conceived of local and global issues and imagined, created and implemented projects to address these issues. The research was conducted from October to December, 2002; the research methodology included questionnaires, observations and videotaped interviews. The parameters of global education are defined by a theoretical framework based on the pedagogical theories of John Dewey and Paulo Freire, current social theories around youth empowerment and child participation, ideological foundations of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations' Convention on the Rights of the Child, and philosophical grounding in postmodernist thought around contextuality and problematisation. Some key findings include: youth have a strong interest in global issues; children in more socioeconomically affluent, predominantly homogeneous cultural/ethnic communities seem to feel more empowered to effect change in the world than did children from lower socioeconomic, highly diverse cultural/ethnic/linguistic communities; children with Special Educational Needs (both behavioural and/or learning) seem to thrive socially, academically and behaviourally in this kind of learning environment; youth are cognizant of local and global issues and want to do something to address those issues; youth believe that they can make a difference in the world if given the opportunity.
The multifunctionality of agriculture and risk management as seen by Hungarian farmers involved in diversified farming
Creators: name: Petrics, Hajnalka
name: Feher, Alajos
name: Petrics, Hajnalka
name: Feher, Alajos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Multifunctional agriculture
subject: rural economy
subject: risk management
subject: farmers’ motivation
subject: life history

description: Studying the multifunctional nature of agriculture requires a multi-level, multi-dimensional and multi-actor approach. In any given country analysis starts at the national economy level then descends to the farm and farm household level. In our study we analysed the life histories of nineteen non-representatively selected Hungarian family farms. In doing so, we determined that, to understand new initiatives undertaken by farmers, it was better to examine their motivation than merely examining the initiatives themselves. At the farm household level, multifunctionality is strongly related to achieving livelihood strategies and constitutes a possible risk management solution. The analysis has revealed farmers’ motivations for undertaking multifunctional agriculture, the interrelationship between multifunctionality and risk management, and the interpretation of multifunctional agriculture by various groups of farmers regarding their own farm activities.
An analysis of food-economy companies’ environmental behaviour in North-East Hungary
Creators: name: Odor, Kinga
name: Odor, Kinga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: food-economy
subject: environmental challenges
subject: environmental behaviour
subject: environmental-conscious management.

description: After outlining environmental problems regarding food-economy2 companies and clarifying the concept of environmental behaviour, I will present the results of my questionnaire survey which focussed on food-economy companies in the Northern Great Plain region (Region). Based on solid data, the survey was designed to evaluate the companies’ commitment toward environmental protection. Sometimes the observed value systems conformed with the results of other national surveys (e.g. environmental behaviour factors; environmental protection’s rank among business aims), but at times I observed that in certain areas they truly lagged behind: for example, this held true for . the number of companies with a certified environmental-management system (EMS) and also for companies which were producing environmental reports and publishing them. It can be concluded that in the Region companies with higher revenues – and thus higher capability – do not try to do better at environmental management than companies with small or medium revenues.
Sub-Nanosecond Spin-Transfer Torque in an Ensemble of Superparamagnetic-Like Nanomagnets
Creators: name: Emori, Satoru
name: Klewe, Christoph
name: Schmalhorst, Jan-Michael
name: Krieft, Jan
name: Shafer, Padraic
name: Lim, Youngmin
name: Smith, David A.
name: Sapkota, Arjun
name: Srivastava, Abhishek
name: Mewes, Claudia
name: Jiang, Zijian
name: Khodadadi, Behrouz
name: Elmkharram, Hesham
name: Heremans, Jean J.
name: Arenholz, Elke
name: Reiss, Gunter
name: Mewes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin currents can exert spin-transfer torques on magnetic systems even in the limit of vanishingly small net magnetization, as is the case for antiferromagnets. Here, we experimentally show that a spin-transfer torque is operative in a material with weak, short-range magnetic order -- namely, a macroscopic ensemble of superparamagnetic-like Co nanomagnets. We employ element- and time-resolved X-ray ferromagnetic resonance (XFMR) spectroscopy to directly detect sub-ns dynamics of the Co nanomagnets, excited into precession with cone angle $\geq$0.003$^{\circ}$ by an oscillating spin current. XFMR measurements reveal that as the net moment of the ensemble decreases, the strength of the spin-transfer torque increases relative to those of magnetic field torques. Our findings point to spin-transfer torque as an effective way to manipulate the state of nanomagnet ensembles at sub-ns timescales.
Subtherapeutic Antibiotics and U.S. Broiler Production
Creators: name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Wang, Sun Ling
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Wang, Sun Ling
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Antibiotics
subject: broilers
subject: production

description: We use data from a recent national survey to analyze the use of subtherapeutic antibiotics (STAs) among producers of broilers. STAs are included in feed or water and are intended to prevent disease or promote growth. Producers who do not use STAs instead rely on a set of other practices, including pathogen testing, expanded sanitary protocols, altered feeding regimens, and HACCP plans, to maintain production. We find that producers who do not use STAs realize levels of production that are slightly lower, given other inputs, than STA users, but the differences are not statistically significant. STA users realize lower payments per pound than those who are not users. The 4 percent difference, which is statistically significant, suggests that STA users have lower costs.
Additional file 1 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of the PP2C members in soybean, Arabidopsis, grape, A. trichopoda and N. colorata. The inner circle was the phylogenetic tree using the FastTree method. The numbers in the clades were the FastTree bootstrap values. The PP2C subfamilies were labeled using different letters and were indicated using different colors. The outer circle was the sequence analysis of PP2Cs. The conserved PP2C domain was represented by the blue box. The location of each PP2C protein can be estimated using the scale at the end of the circle.
Haas, Hans, Japans Zukunftsreligion
Creators: name: Cöln, Franz
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 8 (1908): Oriens christianus, Band 8
Rural America in the Seventies
Creators: name: Economic Development Division, Economic Research Service
name: Economic Development Division, Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: After decades of population loss and economic decline, rural America progressed significantly toward improving its social and economic conditions during the seventies. Yet, nonmetro areas continue to lag behind their metro counterparts in terms of wage levels, family income, employment opportunities, adequacy of housing, and access to health and other essential services and facilities. This article presents recent trends and conditions in rural America and some implications for public policymaking.
A Fully Quantum Mechanical Model of a SQUID Ring Coupled to an Electromagnetic Field
Creators: name: Everitt, M. J.
name: Stiffell, P. B.
name: Clark, T. D.
name: Vourdas, A.
name: Ralph, J. F.
name: Prance, H.
name: Prance, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum system comprising of a monochromatic electromagnetic field coupled to a SQUID ring with sinusoidal non-linearity, is studied. A magnetostatic flux $Φ_{x}$ is also threading the SQUID ring, and is used to control the coupling between the two systems. It is shown that for special values of $Φ_{x}$ the system is strongly coupled. The time evolution of the system is studied. It is shown that exchange of energy takes place between the two modes and that the system becomes entangled. A second quasi-classical model that treats the electromagnetic field classically is also studied. A comparison between the fully quantum mechanical model with the electromagnetic field initially in a coherent state and the quasi-classical model, is made.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures. Uploaded as implementing a policy of arXiving old papers
Trust in the Judicial System in the Italian Regions
Creators: name: Leogrande, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Istat calculates trust in the judicial system in the Italian regions. The indicator is defined as an average score of trust in the justice system (on a scale from 0 to 10) expressed by people aged 14 and over. The data takes into consideration the period between 2011 and 2022 for the Italian regions.
AO Velorum: a young quadruple system with a ZAMS eclipsing BpSi primary
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. F.
name: Hubrig, S.
name: Nesvacil, N.
name: North, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recent spectroscopic observations, we show that the triple system AO Vel with an eclipsing BpSi primary is in fact a remarkable quadruple system formed by two double-lined spectroscopic binaries with components close to the ZAMS. All available data have been reanalyzed to derive proper orbital parameters for both binary systems and to calculate absolute parameters of the eclipsing system. For the first time, direct determination of the radius and the mass have been obtained for a BpSi star. The study of the physical parameters of this unique system is especially important since it can be used as a test of evolutionary models for very young stars of intermediate mass.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 20 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 20. Number of VvPP2C orthologous genes in soybean.
Local Impacts of a Global Crisis - Food Price Transmission and Poverty Impacts in Ghana
Creators: name: Cudjoe, Godsway
name: Breisinger, Clemens
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Cudjoe, Godsway
name: Breisinger, Clemens
name: Diao, Xinshen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: crisis
subject: price transmission
subject: cointegration analysis
subject: household model
subject: Ghana

description: This paper takes a local perspective on global food price shocks by analyzing food price transmission between regional markets in Ghana. It also assesses the impacts of food price increases on various household groups. Taking the recent global food crisis as an example, we find that prices for domestic staples are highly correlated with prices for imported rice. However, price transmission between pairs of domestic regional markets is limited; it is complete for local rice and maize only when more rigorous cointegration analysis is applied. Our findings also show the important role of seasonality in the determination of market integration and price transmission. The welfare effect for households as consumers appears relatively modest at the aggregate national level due to relatively diverse consumption patterns. However, the national average hides important regional differences, both between regions and within different income groups. We find that the poorest of the poor—particularly the urban poor—are the hardest hit by high food prices. The negative effect of the food crisis is particularly strong in northern Ghana. Different consumption patterns, in which grains account for a larger share of the consumption basket in the north compared to the rest of the country, together with much lower initial per capita income levels, are the main explanations for this regional variation in the price effect.
Shape phase transitions in odd-A Zr isotopes
Creators: name: Nomura, K.
name: Nikšić, T.
name: Vretenar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic properties that characterize shape phase transitions in neutron-rich odd-A Zr isotopes are investigated using the framework of nuclear density functional theory and particle-core coupling. The interacting-boson Hamiltonian of the even-even core nuclei, and the single-particle energies and occupation probabilities of the unpaired neutron are completely determined by deformation constrained self-consistent mean-field calculations based on the relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov model with a choice of a universal energy density functional and pairing interaction. The triaxial $(β,γ)$ deformation energy surfaces for even-even $^{94-102}$Zr indicates transition from triaxial or $γ$-soft ($^{94,96}$Zr) to prolate ($^{98}$Zr), and triaxial ($^{100,102}$Zr) shapes. The corresponding low-energy excitation spectra of the odd-A Zr isotopes are in very good agreement with recent experimental results. Consistent with the structural evolution of the neighboring even-even Zr nuclei, the state-dependent effective deformations and their fluctuations in the odd-A isotopes indicate a pronounced discontinuity around the transitional nucleus $^{99}$Zr.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Revisiting Barriers to Trade: Do Foregone Health Benefits Matter?
Creators: name: Zhang, Sidi
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Zhang, Sidi
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade health

description: This paper examins the question of revisiting the imposition of existing trade barriers in one case of an evolving marketplace – when a traditional food product is altered to provide, or discovered to have, human health benefits that increases their value to consumers. In other words, the food becomes a functional food. A functional food has the potential provide direct benefits to consumers as well as indirect benefits to society in the form of health care cost savings. If the trade barrier was put in place prior to these direct and indirect benefits of the food becoming apparent, then they would not have been considered when the decision to impose the trade barrier was taken. In these circumstances, policy makers may wish to revisit a decision to impose a trade barrier.
Mechanochemical synthesis of Aromatic Infrared Band carriers. The top-down chemistry of interstellar carbonaceous dust grain analogues
Creators: name: Dartois, Emmanuel
name: Charon, Emeline
name: Engrand, Cécile
name: Pino, Thomas
name: Sandt, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar space hosts nanometre- to micron-sized dust grains. The carbonaceous-rich component of these grain populations emits in infrared bands, observed remotely for decades with telescopes and satellites. They are a key ingredient of astrochemical dust evolution. The precise carriers for most of these bands are still unknown and not well reproduced in the laboratory. In this work, we show the high-energy mechanochemical synthesis of disordered aromatic and aliphatic analogues provides interstellar relevant dust particles. The mechanochemical milling of carbon-based solids under a hydrogen atmosphere produces particles with a spectroscopic match to astrophysical observations of aromatic infrared band (AIB) emission. The H/C ratio for the analogues that best reproduce these astronomical infrared observations lies in the 5$\pm$2% range. This value is much lower than diffuse interstellar hydrogenated amorphous carbons, another Galactic dust grain component observed in absorption, and it most probably provides a constraint on the hydrogenation degree of the most aromatic carbonaceous dust grain carriers. A broad band, observed in AIBs, in the 7.4-8.3 $μ$m range is correlated to the hydrogen content, and thus the structural evolution in the analogues produced. The mechanochemical process can be seen as an experimental reactor to stimulate local energetic chemical reactions. It introduces bond disorder and hydrogen chemical attachment on the produced defects, with an effect similar to the interstellar space very localised chemical reactions with solids. From the vantage point of astrophysics, these laboratory interstellar dust analogues will be used to predict dust grain evolution under simulated interstellar conditions, including harsh radiative environments. Such interstellar analogues offer an opportunity to derive a global view on the cycling of matter in other star forming systems.
Surface and electronic structure of MOCVD-grown Ga(0.92)In(0.08)N investigated by UV and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies
Creators: name: Kowalski, B. J.
name: Kowalik, I. A.
name: Iwanowski, R. J.
name: Sadowski, J.
name: Kanski, J.
name: Orlowski, B. A.
name: Ghijsen, J.
name: Mirabella, F.
name: Lusakowska, E.
name: Perlin, P.
name: Porowski, S.
name: Grzegory, I.
name: Leszczynski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface and electronic structure of MOCVD-grown layers of Ga(0.92)In(0.08)N have been investigated by means of photoemission. An additional feature at the valence band edge, which can be ascribed to the presence of In in the layer, has been revealed. A clean (0001)-(1x1) surface was prepared by argon ion sputtering and annealing. Stability of chemical composition of the investigated surface subjected to similar ion etching was proven by means of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
A Context-based Disambiguation Model for Sentiment Concepts Using a Bag-of-concepts Approach
Creators: name: Rajabi, Zeinab
name: Valavi, MohammadReza
name: Hourali, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the widespread dissemination of user-generated content on different social networks, and online consumer systems such as Amazon, the quantity of opinionated information available on the Internet has been increased. One of the main tasks of the sentiment analysis is to detect polarity within a text. The existing polarity detection methods mainly focus on keywords and their naive frequency counts; however, they less regard the meanings and implicit dimensions of the natural concepts. Although background knowledge plays a critical role in determining the polarity of concepts, it has been disregarded in polarity detection methods. This study presents a context-based model to solve ambiguous polarity concepts using commonsense knowledge. First, a model is presented to generate a source of ambiguous sentiment concepts based on SenticNet by computing the probability distribution. Then the model uses a bag-of-concepts approach to remove ambiguities and semantic augmentation with the ConceptNet handling to overcome lost knowledge. ConceptNet is a large-scale semantic network with a large number of commonsense concepts. In this paper, the point mutual information (PMI) measure is used to select the contextual concepts having strong relationships with ambiguous concepts. The polarity of the ambiguous concepts is precisely detected using positive/negative contextual concepts and the relationship of the concepts in the semantic knowledge base. The text representation scheme is semantically enriched using Numberbatch, which is a word embedding model based on the concepts from the ConceptNet semantic network. The proposed model is evaluated by applying a corpus of product reviews, called Semeval. The experimental results revealed an accuracy rate of 82.07%, representing the effectiveness of the proposed model.
description: This is a pre-print of an article published in Cogn Comput(2020)
Additional file 19 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 19. Ka/Ks analysis for GmPP2Cs and its corresponding orthologous genes in grape.
Tackling the challenge of a huge materials science search space with quantum-inspired annealing
Creators: name: Hatakeyama-Sato, Kan
name: Kashikawa, Takahiro
name: Kimura, Koichi
name: Oyaizu, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient screening of chemicals is essential for exploring new materials. However, the search space is astronomically large, making calculations with conventional computers infeasible. For example, an $N$-component system of organic molecules generates >$10^{60N}$ candidates. Here, a quantum-inspired annealing machine is used to tackle the challenge of the large search space. The prototype system extracts candidate chemicals and their composites with desirable parameters, such as melting temperature and ionic conductivity. The system can be at least $10^4$-$10^7$ times faster than conventional approaches. Such exponential acceleration is critical for exploring the enormous search space in virtual screening.
MPEC 2024-A157 : 2024 AC4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AC4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Nonassociativity, Dirac monopoles and Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Nesterov, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect for the singular string associated with the Dirac monopole carrying an arbitrary magnetic charge is studied. It is shown that the emerging difficulties in explanation of the AB effect may be removed by introducing nonassociative path-dependent wave functions. This provides the absence of the AB effect for the Dirac string of magnetic monopole with an arbitrary magnetic charge.
description: Revised version. Typos corrected. References added
Lamb-peak spectrum of the HD (2-0) P(1) line
Creators: name: Diouf, M. L.
name: Cozijn, F. M. J.
name: Lai, K. -F.
name: Salumbides, E. J.
name: Ubachs, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A saturation spectroscopy measurement of the P(1) line of the ($2-0$) band in HD is performed in a sensitive cavity-enhanced optical setup involving frequency comb calibration. The spectral signature is that of a Lamb-peak, in agreement with a density-matrix model description involving 9 hyperfine components and 16 crossover resonances of $Λ$-type. Comparison of the experimental spectra with the simulations yields a rovibrational transition frequency at 209,784,242,007 (20) kHz. Agreement is found with a first principles calculation in the framework of non-adiabatic quantum electrodynamics within 2$σ$, where the combined uncertainty is fully determined by theory.
Three-body problem for ultracold atoms in quasi-one-dimensional traps
Creators: name: Mora, C.
name: Egger, R.
name: Gogolin, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-body problem for both fermionic and bosonic cold atom gases in a parabolic transverse trap of lengthscale $a_\perp$. For this quasi-one-dimensional (1D) problem, there is a two-body bound state (dimer) for any sign of the 3D scattering length $a$, and a confinement-induced scattering resonance. The fermionic three-body problem is universal and characterized by two atom-dimer scattering lengths, $a_{ad}$ and $b_{ad}$. In the tightly bound `dimer limit', $a_\perp/a\to\infty$, we find $b_{ad}=0$, and $a_{ad}$ is linked to the 3D atom-dimer scattering length. In the weakly bound `BCS limit', $a_\perp/a\to-\infty$, a connection to the Bethe Ansatz is established, which allows for exact results. The full crossover is obtained numerically. The bosonic three-body problem, however, is non-universal: $a_{ad}$ and $b_{ad}$ depend both on $a_\perp/a$ and on a parameter $R^*$ related to the sharpness of the resonance. Scattering solutions are qualitatively similar to fermionic ones. We predict the existence of a single confinement-induced three-body bound state (trimer) for bosons.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in PRA, appendix on the derivation of an integral formula for the Hurvitz zeta function