cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF GRID CONNECTED INDEPENDENT POWER PLANT CAPABILITIES ON ELECTRICITY GENERATION SPECTRUM IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Okoye, Cletus Uche
name: Adejumobi, Isaiah A.
name: Irmiya Bitrus
name: Adelakun, Najeem Olawale
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)

description: At the core of any meaningful economic activity is electric power. Absence or inadequacy of it in a nation stalls development in that nation. In Nigeria, there is a wide gap between forecast power and actual power generation needed for productive endeavours. For instance in July 2017, the generation peak load forecast was 14190MW while the actual generation peak load was 4567MW. In July 2018 it was again 14190MW (forecast) but 5110MW (actual). This paper uses descriptive statistics to analyse Independent Power Plant (IPP) capabilities spread across ten years (2009-2018). The results show that there is need to encourage more private investors to build additional IPPs in order to increase adequate power generation in Nigeria – especially in post-COVID-19 socio-economic crisis. Consequently, it is expected that the wide gap between generation peak load peak load forecast and actual peak load would be narrowed.
Additional file 4 of Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in the shoreline of Laurentian great Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair’s large freshwater ecosystems
Creators: name: Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi
name: Chaganti, Subba Rao
name: Heath, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Fig. 4. Line plots of monthly changes of A) Shannon and B) Bray–Curtis dissimilarity components; PCo3–5 of 6 different locations over 15 months of sampling. C1–5: Clusters 1–5 are based on Fig. 4.
Sub-monolayers of carbon on alpha-iron facets: an ab-initio study
Creators: name: Riikonen, S.
name: Krasheninnikov, A. V.
name: Nieminen, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent in situ studies of carbon nanotube growth from large transition-metal nanoparticles, we study various alpha-iron (ferrite) facets at different carbon concentrations using ab initio methods. The studied (110), (100) and (111) facets show qualitatively different behaviour when carbon concentration changes. In particular, adsorbed carbon atoms repel each other on the (110) facet, resulting in carbon dimer and graphitic material formation. Carbon on the (100) facet forms stable structures at concentrations of about 0.5 monolayer and at 1.0 monolayer this facet becomes unstable due to a frustration of the top layer iron atoms. The stability of the (111) facet is weakly affected by the amount of adsorbed carbon and its stability increases further with respect to the (100) facet with increasing carbon concentration. The exchange of carbon atoms between the surface and sub-surface regions on the (111) facet is easier than on the other facets and the formation of carbon dimers is exothermic. These findings are in accordance with a recent in situ experimental study where the existence of graphene decorated (111) facets is related to increased carbon concentration.
Understanding & optimizing human T regulatory cell function in patients with autoimmunity and/or undergoing transplantation
Creators: name: MacDonald, Katherine Grace
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: CD4⁺FOXP3⁺ T regulatory cells (Tregs) are potent suppressors of inflammatory immune activity. Cellular therapy with Tregs is a promising way to induce antigen specific tolerance in transplantation and autoimmunity, as it would allow the reduction of nonspecific immunosuppression. Currently, Tregs are being tested in clinical trials; however, outstanding questions regarding stability, specificity, and longevity of transferred cells remain. The aim of this research was to better understand the potential plasticity of Tregs, develop novel methods of creating antigen specific Tregs, and determine the optimal signals for Tregs to persist after transfer. To better understand the pathological conversion of Tregs to inflammatory cells, I examined the phenotype of Tregs in systemic sclerosis, a Th2-biased disease. I found that Tregs in patient skin and blood had acquired Th2-cytokine and homing marker expression, respectively, and that both tissue-localized and homing cells express the receptor for IL-33, which was expressed in patient skin. This work suggests that sub-populations of Tregs have the capacity to become pathogenic upon encountering tissue-specific inflammatory signals. Next, in order to create antigen specific Tregs, I developed a novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against HLA-A2 and tested its function. A2CAR-Tregs were highly activated and proliferative in response to HLA-A2, but they retained their suppressive capacity and expression of the transcription factors FOXP3 and Helios, and the effector molecules CD25 and CTLA-4. A2CAR-Tregs were also superior to polyclonal Tregs at preventing xenoGVHD in mice, even at low doses. Thus, A2CAR-Treg cell therapy is a promising new technology to create potent Tregs for antigen-specific transplant tolerance. Finally, to optimize Treg activity and persistence in patients, I developed a series of CARs containing different co-stimulatory domains. Four TNFR superfamily domains were cloned, from 4-1BB, OX40, GITR and TNFR2, and three signalling domains were cloned from the B7/CD28 superfamily, from ICOS, PD-1, and CTLA-4. 4-1BB, OX40, ICOS, and PD-1 containing CARs were expressed on the surface of cells. These tools will provide valuable information in future research on Treg survival in vivo. Collectively, these studies have provided insights to improve both the safety and efficacy of Treg cell therapy.
Investigation of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) for use in the control of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti
Creators: name: Glover, Matthew Aaron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Insect borne diseases such as malaria, yellow fever and Dengue fever are among the most economically devastating diseases present on our planet. Traditional knowledge from the Pacific islands suggests using the male inflorescences of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) as a mosquito repellent. The cultivation of breadfruit as a source of starch to bolster food sustainability in developing nations has grown in the past ten years. Thus, the use of male inflorescences as a novel source of mosquito repellents or insecticides presents a valuable secondary product from breadfruit that could be made alongside its primary role as a food source. In order to investigate the potential for biogenic amines such as serotonin and melatonin sourced from plants such as breadfruit, an in depth investigation of the toxicity and its associated underlying mechanism must be elucidated. In Chapter 2, breadfruit male inflorescences were processed using two different extraction methods. The first was a methanol extraction method and the second was a cold-pentane extraction method. These extracts were tested in a larvicidal bioassay with Aedes aegypti larvae. Methanol extracts showed significantly greater toxicity than the pentane extracts and all future work in subsequent chapters was done on methanol extracts. In Chapter 3, methanol extracts of multiple varieties of breadfruit including two Artocarpus altilis and Artocarpus mariannensis hybrids: ulu afa and Lipet, Artocarpus camansi and a mixed Artocarpus sample were chemically characterized. It was determined that all varieties of extract tested contained serotonin. As well, a wide variety of compounds were putatively identified in the extracts with the majority being fatty acids, phenols, and terpenes previously associated with biological activity towards insects. In Chapter 4, toxicity values for each variety of Artocarpus were assessed with the mixed Artocarpus sample being the highest in insecticidal activity. Haemolymph serotonin wasn shown to significantly decrease after breadfruit extract exposure, even though the serotonin gene pathway transcripts were largely unaffected, suggesting that this change is not transcriptionally regulated.
Composition Functionals in Fractional Calculus of Variations
Creators: name: Malinowska, Agnieszka B.
name: Ammi, Moulay Rchid Sidi
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33, 49K05

description: We prove Euler-Lagrange and natural boundary necessary optimality conditions for fractional problems of the calculus of variations which are given by a composition of functionals. Our approach uses the recent notions of Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives and integrals in the sense of Jumarie. As an application, we get optimality conditions for the product and the quotient of fractional variational functionals.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final form has appeared in Commun. Frac. Calc. 1 (2010) 32-40
D3-branes at angle in a linear dilaton pp-wave background
Creators: name: Swain, Pratap K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of low energy type IIB supergravity solutions of two D3-branes rotated by an angle $α\in SU(2)$ in a linear dilaton pp-wave background. The D-branes bound state configurations is found to preserve 1/16 of the total type IIB supersymmetries. We also present a class of D1-D5 solution by applying T-duality on $D3\perp D3$ configuration.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 5 of Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in the shoreline of Laurentian great Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair’s large freshwater ecosystems
Creators: name: Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi
name: Chaganti, Subba Rao
name: Heath, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Fig. 5. Bar chart showing the relative abundance of the BCCs at the class-level for combined sampling locations and bi-weekly sampling over the 15 months of sampling.
RETOOLING NIGERIAS ELECTRICITY GENERATION SUB – SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE GRID OPERATION
Creators: name: Okoye, Cletus Uche
name: Omolola, Samuel A.
name: Adelakun, Najeem Olawale
name: Irmiya Bitrus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Experts are varied in estimating the amount of power needed for national development. One expert estimated 297,900 MW by the year 2030 using a 13 percent Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The Power Sector Road Map’s aspiration is 40,000 MW by the year 2020 while the preferred Vision 20:2020 target is 40GW (40,000 MW) available capacity. Vision 20:2020 further proposed that hydro sources contribute 10% of this value; thermal, 80%; coal, 6% and renewables, 4%. However, as at December 2017, Nigeria’s totalinstalled generating capacity was 12,324.40 MW. In order to assess the fundamentals and proffer solutions for the improvement of power generation to meet popular expectations, this work analyses the installed capacities of the nation from 1986 – 1995, on the one hand and from 2007 – 2016, on the other hand using graphical illustrations and tables. The gap between the two time phases was deliberate to create some effect. The results show that over the years, there has been an apparent, non – challance towards systematic development of Nigeria’s power sector. To put a check to this deteriorating condition / trend, useful suggestions have been made.
Additional file 6 of Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in the shoreline of Laurentian great Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair’s large freshwater ecosystems
Creators: name: Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi
name: Chaganti, Subba Rao
name: Heath, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Fig. 6. Phylogenetic affiliations of the top heterotrophic bacterial (panel a) and phototrophic (panel b) OTU groups from the 15 months of sampling in Lake Erie and St. Clair over 2016 and 2017. Due to space constraints, only taxa that had a relative abundance of more than 1% in at least one sampling month are presented for heterotrophic bacterial (panel a).
Surface state band mobility and thermopower in semiconducting bismuth nanowires
Creators: name: Huber, T. E.
name: Adeyeye, A.
name: Nikolaeva, A.
name: Konopko, L.
name: Johnson, R. C.
name: Graf, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many thermoelectrics like Bi exhibit Rashba spin-orbit surface bands for which topological insulator behavior consisting of ultrahigh mobilities and enhanced thermopower has been predicted. Bi nanowires realize surface-only electronic transport since they become bulk insulators when they undergo the bulk semimetal-semiconductor transition as a result of quantum confinement for diameters close to 50 nm. We studied 20-, 30-, 50- and 200-nm trigonal Bi wires. Shubnikov-de Haas magnetoresistance oscillations caused by surface electrons and bulklike holes enable the determination of their densities and mobilities. Surface electrons have high mobilities exceeding 2(m^2)/(Vsec) and contribute strongly to the thermopower, dominating for temperatures T< 100 K. The surface thermopower is - 1.2 T microvolt/(K^2), a value that is consistent with theory, raising the prospect of developing nanoscale thermoelectrics based on surface bands.
description: 19 pages. 3 figures
The Green Building Index Rating Tool: Influence of Building Facade on Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Performance
Creators: name: M.H, Abdul Samad
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: traditional architecture
courtyard houses
cultural heritage
architectural components.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 2, 79-90
Silicon photonic modulators and filters for optical interconnects
Creators: name: Caverley, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The goal of this work is to enhance the performance of and demonstrate new applications for silicon photonic modulators and filters. We demonstrate a variety of novel designs and applications of silicon photonic devices for integrated optical interconnects. First, we demonstrate a biasing scheme for travelling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulators in which the bias voltage is applied separately from the data signal. Using this biasing scheme, there is no low frequency cutoff and there is no power consumption in the termination resistor from the bias voltage, which results in an improved modulator having a lower overall power consumption. We experimentally show, as a proof-of-concept, successful high-speed modulation, at a data rate of 28 Gb/s, of a modulator which uses this biasing scheme. Next, we present a novel modulator design in which a microring modulator is placed into each arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. This design uses the sharp phase response of a microring resonator near its resonance so that the light experiences a large phase change when a voltage is applied to the p-n junction phase shifters within the microring. We use temporal coupled mode theory to simulate the time-domain response of this modulator. We then demonstrate a novel modulator design which uses a quarter-wave phase-shifted Bragg grating. The modulator, which was fabricated using 193 nm optical lithography, has open eye diagrams at a data rate of 32 Gb/s. We also show that using a 2³¹-1 pseudorandom binary sequence pattern, the modulator has a bit error rate (BER) less than 10⁻¹² at a data rate of 20 Gb/s and has a BER less than 10⁻¹⁰ at a data rate of 25 Gb/s. Finally, we demonstrate a contra-directional grating coupler-based filter on silicon in an optical add-drop multiplexer configuration and show that it can successfully add and drop a 12.5 Gb/s signal at the same wavelength without substantial signal degradation.
The TAN $2Θ$ Theorem for Indefinite Quadratic Forms
Creators: name: Grubišić, Luka
name: Kostrykin, Vadim
name: Makarov, Konstantin A.
name: Veselić, Krešimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 47A55, 47A07, Secondary 34L05

description: A version of the Davis-Kahan Tan $2Θ$ theorem [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. \textbf{7} (1970), 1 -- 46] for not necessarily semibounded linear operators defined by quadratic forms is proven. This theorem generalizes a recent result by Motovilov and Selin [Integr. Equat. Oper. Theory \textbf{56} (2006), 511 -- 542].
Function and control of adipose tissue regulatory T cells : implications for obesity
Creators: name: Han, Jonathan Martin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), which promotes the development of insulin resistance. The role of adaptive immunity in VAT inflammation has only recently been investigated. Initial studies suggest that VAT-resident regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a prominent role in suppressing VAT inflammation and correcting metabolic dysfunction in obese mice. I sought to investigate how Tregs in the VAT are regulated. Obesity is accompanied by a rise in insulin levels, and whether this hyperinsulinemia affects the progression of inflammation is not known. I first found that Tregs express the insulin receptor, and high levels of insulin inhibited IL-10 production and the ability of Tregs to suppress macrophages. In parallel, Tregs from the VAT of obese mice showed a similar decrease in IL-10 production, suggesting that hyperinsulinemia may contribute to the development of obesity-associated inflammation via an effect of insulin on Treg function. I then found that the majority of IL-10-expressing Tregs in the VAT expressed the ST2 chain of the IL-33 receptor. The proportion of ST2+ Tregs in VAT was severely diminished in obese mice, and this effect could be completely reversed by treatment with IL-33. IL-33 treatment also reversed VAT inflammation in obese mice, and resulted in a reduction of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. These data suggested that IL-33 is critical for the maintenance of ST2+ Tregs in the VAT, and that delivery of IL-33 may be a new therapeutic approach to reverse obesity-associated Treg deficiency, inflammation and insulin resistance. It is not known whether Tregs and adipocytes can directly interact in the VAT. I found that soluble factors produced by adipocytes significantly increased survival and IL-10 production from Tregs, and caused a shift towards oxidative metabolism in vitro. Similarly, Tregs resident in mouse VAT have substantially increased expression of IL-10 compared to those found in the periphery, indicating that the interaction between Tregs and adipocytes may contribute to the functional specialization of Tregs in the VAT. Taken together, these data suggest that insulin, IL-33 and adipocyte-produced factors regulate IL-10-expressing Tregs and their ability to control inflammation in the VAT.
Multilingual Dyadic Interaction Corpus NoXi+J: Toward Understanding Asian-European Non-verbal Cultural Characteristics and their Influences on Engagement
Creators: name: Funk, Marius
name: Okada, Shogo
name: André, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-verbal behavior is a central challenge in understanding the dynamics of a conversation and the affective states between interlocutors arising from the interaction. Although psychological research has demonstrated that non-verbal behaviors vary across cultures, limited computational analysis has been conducted to clarify these differences and assess their impact on engagement recognition. To gain a greater understanding of engagement and non-verbal behaviors among a wide range of cultures and language spheres, in this study we conduct a multilingual computational analysis of non-verbal features and investigate their role in engagement and engagement prediction. To achieve this goal, we first expanded the NoXi dataset, which contains interaction data from participants living in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, by collecting session data of dyadic conversations in Japanese and Chinese, resulting in the enhanced dataset NoXi+J. Next, we extracted multimodal non-verbal features, including speech acoustics, facial expressions, backchanneling and gestures, via various pattern recognition techniques and algorithms. Then, we conducted a statistical analysis of listening behaviors and backchannel patterns to identify culturally dependent and independent features in each language and common features among multiple languages. These features were also correlated with the engagement shown by the interlocutors. Finally, we analyzed the influence of cultural differences in the input features of LSTM models trained to predict engagement for five language datasets. A SHAP analysis combined with transfer learning confirmed a considerable correlation between the importance of input features for a language set and the significant cultural characteristics analyzed.
description: 8 pages. 6 figures. International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, November 4-8, 2024, San Jose, Costa Rica
Additional file 7 of Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in the shoreline of Laurentian great Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair’s large freshwater ecosystems
Creators: name: Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi
name: Chaganti, Subba Rao
name: Heath, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Fig. 7. The pattern of environmental parameter variation (water temperature, precipitation and daylight duration) for the 6 sampling locations over 15 months of the sampling. As air and water temperature both had the same pattern spatially and temporally (no significant variation) we only plotted water temperature. For each month, 2 different weeks were sampled (weeks 1 and 2). Sampling was started in June 2016 and ended in August 2017. Error bars, showing the standard deviation of water temperature and precipitation among 6 sampling locations.
Research on the visitor flow pattern of Expo 2010
Creators: name: Fan, Chao
name: Guo, Jin-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Expo 2010 Shanghai China was a successful, splendid and unforgettable event, remaining us with valuable experiences. The visitor flow pattern of Expo is investigated in this paper. The Hurst exponent, mean value and standard deviation of visitor volume prove that the visitor flow is fractal with long-term stability and correlation as well as obvious fluctuation in short period. Then the time series of visitor volume is converted to complex network by visibility algorithm. It can be inferred from the topological properties of the visibility graph that the network is scale-free, small-world and hierarchically constructed, conforming that the time series are fractal and close relationship exit between the visitor volume on different days. Furthermore, it is inevitable to show some extreme visitor volume in the original visitor flow, and these extreme points may appear in group to a great extent.
description: 12 pages
Three polyoxometalate-tuned copper complexes based on in situ ligand transformation: syntheses, structures, and properties
Creators: name: Wang, Xiang
name: Li, Yunhui
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Ma, Sijia
name: Wang, Xiuli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Depending on the in situ ligand transformation of 3,5-di(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (DTCN) to 3,5-di(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzoic acid (DTCA) under hydrothermal condition, three polyoxometalate-based copper complexes, [CuI
 4CuII
 2(OH)2(H2O)4(DTCA)4(HPMoVI
 10MoV
 2O39)] (1), [Cu4(OH)2(H2O)4(DTCA)2(SiW12O40)]·11H2O (2), and {Cu2Cl(H2O)(HDTCA)2[CrMo6(OH)6O18)]}·4H2O (3), have been isolated through changing the polyoxoanions. Introducing Keggin-type polyoxoanions [PMo12O40]3− or [SiW12O40]4− to reaction systems, both 1 and 2 display 3-D framework structures containing Cu/DTCA metal-organic belts, and a kind of poly-Keggin chain derived from [PMo12O40]3− polyoxoanions exist in 1. When the Anderson-type polyoxoanion [CrMo6(OH)6O18)]3− is utilized, a 2-D grid-like layer resulted in 3, in which the DTCA ligands are embedded, revealing that the polyoxoanions have key roles in regulating the structures of complexes. The investigations on electrochemical properties and photocatalytic activities for the degradation of organic dyes of 1–3 have been carried out.
Mechanistic studies on 4-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase and the N-prenyltransferase CymD
Creators: name: Qian, Qi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Prenylated Indole alkaloids comprise a large group of biologically active molecules that include the ergot alkaloids. Prenylation is often important for the activity of these compounds and is catalyzed by an emerging new class of enzyme, the indole prenyltransferases. These enzymes are metal independent and share a unique αββα fold. 4-Dimethylallyltryptophan synthase (DMATS) is an indole prenyltransferase that transfers the dimethylallyl group onto the C-4 position of L-tryptophan, in the first committed step of ergot alkaloid biosynthesis. It was previously shown to employ a dissociative mechanism, and two important catalytic residues, E89 and K174, have been identified from crystallographic studies. In this work, four mutants were prepared by mutating E89 and K174 to either glutamine or alanine. The results from kinetic studies and positional isotope exchange (PIX) experiments on all four mutants were consistent with the roles proposed for these two residues. Upon examination of the products in the mutant-catalyzed reactions, one unusual product was identified from the mutant K174A. A hexahydropyrroloindole structure was first proposed and later confirmed by obtaining an authentic sample through chemical synthesis. After examining the positioning of the substrates in the active site, a new mechanism involving a Cope rearrangement was proposed for DMATS. Another indole prenyltransferase CymD catalyzes a ‘reverse’ prenylation on the N-1 position of L-tryptophan. In this work, a series of mechanistic studies were carried out to probe its mechanism. Fluorinated tryptophan analogs demonstrated a modest effect on the rate of catalysis, suggesting no positive charge accumulation on the indole ring. A krel value of 1.0 × 10-² was determined with E-F-DMAPP, indicating that significant positive charge accumulates on the allylic moiety during the transition state of catalysis. PIX experiments with L-tryptophan did not show any isotopic scrambling, however, isotopic scrambling was observed with fluorinated tryptophans. This indicates that a discrete allylic carbocation intermediate is generated. Lastly, solvent kinetic studies presented a primary KIE of 2.3, indicating that the deprotonation of the N-H is a rate-determining step. A hybrid mechanism was proposed for CymD, in which dissociation first forms an allylic cation and then deprotonation direct the indole for nucleophilic attack.
Polychromatic Coloring for Half-Planes
Creators: name: Smorodinsky, Shakhar
name: Yuditsky, Yelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that for every integer $k$, every finite set of points in the plane can be $k$-colored so that every half-plane that contains at least $2k-1$ points, also contains at least one point from every color class. We also show that the bound $2k-1$ is best possible. This improves the best previously known lower and upper bounds of $\frac{4}{3}k$ and $4k-1$ respectively. We also show that every finite set of half-planes can be $k$ colored so that if a point $p$ belongs to a subset $H_p$ of at least $3k-2$ of the half-planes then $H_p$ contains a half-plane from every color class. This improves the best previously known upper bound of $8k-3$. Another corollary of our first result is a new proof of the existence of small size $\eps$-nets for points in the plane with respect to half-planes.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
A narrative perspective on relational leadership : dreaming the impossible
Creators: name: Bonney, Christine Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Drawing on hermeneutic, phenomenological and postmodern theory, this inquiry was undertaken to explore the thinking, experience and significance of leading from a relational, socially-aware and dialogical perspective. Four women and three men participated in eight individual semi-structured interviews, three teleconferences and an electronic discussion group and journal, over a period of five months. The narrative approach supported a close reading of the participants' stories, which led to the identification of three primary storylines: Other, Otherness and Othering; Human’s Being; and Dreaming the Impossible. The first storyline encompassed the participants’ experiences with influential leaders and the practices they embodied. The participants described ways-of-being they identified with and emulated, to varying degrees, highlighting the way such exemplars had shaped their own practice. Various ways that the participants explored being rather than doing comprised the second storyline. Reflexivity (self and critical) heightened the participants’ receptiveness to the phenomenal world and deepened their appreciation for how we are always selves-in-relation-to-others. The notion of leadership as something aspirational rather than fully realizable emerged in the third storyline as participants grappled with their learning about leading and leader practice. Throughout the storylines, participants reflexively contemplated the practices that enabled them to maintain a socially-aware perspective. These practices encompassed such aspects as respecting, engaging and listening to others, seeking outcomes that reflect the priorities of others, holding the tension of “chaosmic” perspectives and deconstructing the master narratives about what it means to lead. The inquiry itself was a space for reframing our conceptions of social science with a focus on freedom, consciousness and responsibility for others. In terms of the significance of this inquiry, the study offers evidence of a growing shift from an objectivist and positivist framing of leading and leader practice, toward a view that is more generative, relational, open and human. Focusing on the reflexive development of leaderly capacity, the study fosters a deconstructive urge to open up texts, relationships and ideas to their verdant possibilities. This questioning and intersubjective stance enables the leader to fully participate in and co-construct a world held in common.
On Models of New Physics for the Tevatron Top A_FB
Creators: name: Gresham, Moira I.
name: Kim, Ian-Woo
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CDF has observed a top forward-backward asymmetry discrepant with the Standard Model prediction at 3.4 σ. We analyze models that could generate the asymmetry, including flavor-violating W's, horizontal Z'_Hs, triplet and sextet diquarks, and axigluons. We consider the detailed predictions of these models for the invariant mass and rapidity distributions of the asymmetry at the parton level, comparing against the unfolded parton-level CDF results. While all models can reproduce the asymmetry with the appropriate choice of mass and couplings, it appears at first examination that the extracted parton-level invariant mass distribution for all models are in conflict with Tevatron observations. We show on closer examination, however, that t tbar events in Z'_H and W' models have considerably lower selection efficiencies in high invariant mass bins as compared to the Standard Model, so that W', Z'_H, and axigluon models can generate the observed asymmetry while being consistent with the total cross-section and invariant mass spectrum. Triplet and sextet models have greater difficulty producing the observed asymmetry while remaining consistent with the total cross-section and invariant mass distribution. To more directly match the models and the CDF results, we proceed to decay and reconstruct the tops, comparing our results against the "raw" CDF asymmetry and invariant mass distributions. We find that the models that successfully generate the corrected CDF asymmetry at the parton level reproduce very well the more finely binned uncorrected asymmetry. Finally, we discuss the early LHC reach for discovery of these models, based on our previous analysis [arXiv:1102.0018].
description: 29 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 8 of Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in the shoreline of Laurentian great Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair’s large freshwater ecosystems
Creators: name: Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi
name: Chaganti, Subba Rao
name: Heath, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Supplementary Fig. 8. Distance-based Redundancy Analysis (dbRDA) of freshwater microbiota. The relative position of water samples in the biplot is based on Bray Curtis similarity of arcsine square root transformed relative abundance at the OTU level. Vectors indicate the weight and direction of the environmental variables that were best predictors of the BCCs of different months as suggested by the results of the distance-based linear model (distLM). The dbRDA axes describe the percentage of the fitted or total variation explained by each axis while being constrained to account for group differences. Sample IDs indicate the sampling months.
A Three-Dimensional Tight-Binding Model and Magnetic Instability of KFe2e2
Creators: name: Liu, Da-Yong
name: Quan, Ya-Min
name: Zeng, Zhi
name: Zou, Liang-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a newly discovered iron-based high T_c superconducting parent material KFe2Se2, we present an effective three-dimensional five-orbital tight-binding model by fitting the band structures. The three t2g-symmetry orbitals of the five Fe 3d orbitals mainly contribute to the electron-like Fermi surface, in agreement with recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments. To understand the groundstate magnetic structure, the two- and three-dimensional dynamical spin susceptibilities within the random phase approximation are investigated. It obviously shows a sharp peak at wave vector $\mathbf{Q}$ $\thicksim$ ($π$, $π$), indicating the magnetic instability of {\it N$\acute{e}$el}-type antiferromagnetic rather than ($π$/2, $π$/2)-type antiferromagnetic ordering. While along $\emph{c}$ axis, it exhibits a ferromagnetic coupling between the nearest neighboring FeSe layers. The difference between the present results and the experimental observation in KxFe2-ySe2 is attributed to the presence of Fe vacancy in the latter.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
1 a Thematic Tourist Promotion of Trans-Saharan.pdf
Creators: name: Brundage, Gregory
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 159999 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: 150404 Sport and Leisure Management
subject: 150314 Small Business Management
subject: 150602 Tourism Forecasting
subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: 150604 Tourism Marketing
subject: 150605 Tourism Resource Appraisal

description: This study examines six niche market sectors (Adventure, Sports, Wildlife, Arts & Crafts, Culture/Heritage/History, and Gemstones & Gold) in five countries (Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Nigeria, and Sudan) along the Trans-Saharan Trade Routes. Whereas the largest tourism promotion Internet sites in the assessed nations are similar, Egypt receives the largest revenue from tourism, followed by Morocco and Nigeria which weigh in at 2nd and 3rd places and they in turn each earn more than three times the annual tourist revenues of Ethiopia and Sudan. The preliminary data-base analysis of niche-market opportunities across these five countries suggests a combined thematic approach to Trans-Saharan Tourism could significantly enhance tourism revenue in all five nations due to unique resources in each country which share a common bond of being part of the ancient TransSaharan Trade Route given that tourism resources are not homogeneously distributed. Preliminary results suggest combining niche markets, bundling two or more nations in a tour, and bundling different niche market interest areas, e.g. Golf-Wildlife-World Heritage Sites, Sports - Adventure - Wildlife, and Gemstones - Wildlife - World Heritage Sites, may hold the greatest promise for increased tourist revenue in all five nations studied. Security issues (measured by intentional homicide statistics) are also examined in the five target countries along the Trans-Saharan Trade routes which all appear to be relatively safe compared to some more popular tourist destinations in Africa and around the world.
Social justice : an ethnography of experiences lived and choices made
Creators: name: Lane, Penny
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: My research explores the historical-social-cultural-intersubjective context of the meanings for social justice held by a small group of leaders. Drawing on dialogue theory, I hold a stance in the research that it is in our language and our relationships with ‘others’ that we re-shape and co-create understandings of our social world. In relationship we draw out from one another our lived experiences and moments of dialogue, making visible in them the underlying currents of language that weave in and through our meanings of what is just. This research foregrounds the relational and language processes through which these leaders construct meanings for social justice. Over a six month period, a series of thoughtful conversations were held within a space that was carefully created to foster relationship and trust. By eliciting stories, engaging around questions prompted by deep curiosity, and fostering reflexivity, the processual moves of making meaning for what is socially just were made visible. Key theoretical concepts were drawn from the work of Martin Buber, Paulo Freire, Mikhail Bakhtin, and Hans-Georg Gadamer. The findings these conversations elicited are shared through four landscapes: stories of awakening and deepening awareness of social (in)justice; experiences and choices in acting in socially just ways; the creation of dialogic moments and the practices that foster them; and the language and utterances that contextualize these meanings for social justice. The core premise of my research is that our meanings of social justice are evolving and living constructs and the locus for acting justly is situated in our relationships. This research offers a glimpse into how our search for meanings of social justice dwells in the day-to-day lived experiences of people. Processual practices of meaning making made visible in the research are an ability to create relational space with ‘others,’ an understanding of one’s own deeply held beliefs about one’s self and about ‘others,’ the crossing of social boundaries that bring understanding of diverse perspectives, and a holding open to the ambiguity of contesting language forces.
Complexity of waves in nonlinear disordered media
Creators: name: Conti, Claudio
name: Leuzzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical properties of the phases of several modes nonlinearly coupled in a random system are investigated by means of a Hamiltonian model with disordered couplings. The regime in which the modes have a stationary distribution of their energies and the phases are coupled is studied for arbitrary degrees of randomness and energy. The complexity versus temperature and strength of nonlinearity is calculated. A phase diagram is derived in terms of the stored energy and amount of disorder. Implications in random lasing, nonlinear wave propagation and finite temperature Bose-Einstein condensation are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 11 Figures
Additional file 9 of Spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities in the shoreline of Laurentian great Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair’s large freshwater ecosystems
Creators: name: Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi
name: Chaganti, Subba Rao
name: Heath, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Supplementary Table 1. Results of GLMM analysis of bacterial community variation temporally and spatially. Dependent variables included alpha diversity indexes and Bray–Curtis dissimilarity principal coordinate analysis axes (PCo1 and PCo2). Degrees of freedom, F value and p values are shown (significant p values are highlighted).
Stratigraphic and paleotectonic studies of Paleozoic Wrangellia and its contained volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) occurrences, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Ruks, Tyler William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Wrangellia is a fundamental component of the North American Cordillera and contains significant mineral deposits, including Myra Falls (Nyrstar N.V.), which is currently the largest producing volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposit in western Canada. Understanding the evolution of Wrangellia is therefore important for understanding the crustal growth and metallogenic history of the North American continent, and in doing so, facilitating the discovery of new mineral wealth. Geochronological, lithogeochemical and Nd and Pb isotopic studies of the Paleozoic Wrangellia arc (PWA), Vancouver Island have significantly revised our understanding of the terrane, suggesting that the PWA comprises a progressively rifting Late Devonian through Early Permian oceanic volcanic arc complex developed above an east dipping subduction zone (modern coordinates) with Late Devonian through middle Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian through Early Permian pulses of bimodal volcanism and associated VMS mineralization. The relatively primitive lithogeochemical and Nd isotopic signatures of PWA intrusive and volcanic rocks indicate that the PWA originated in an oceanic arc environment close enough to a continental margin to undergo slight contamination via the subduction of continent derived sediments. Recently recognized, Pennsylvanian-Early Permian aged, VMS associated bimodal volcanic rocks in the PWA have lithogeochemical and Nd isotopic signatures indicative of derivation from more primitive and significantly hotter source melts than their Late Devonian counterparts, suggesting that Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks in the terrane are prospective for VMS mineralization. Lead isotope geochemistry of newly discovered VMS style mineralization in the PWA indicates that host areas for the new mineral occurrences are prospective for Myra Falls-like VMS deposits of Late Devonian-Early Mississippian age. Lead isotope geochemistry for recently recognized Pennsylvanian-Early Permian VMS mineralization in the PWA supports lithogeochemical and Nd isotopic arguments which suggest that Late Paleozoic bimodal volcanic rocks in the PWA were derived from more primitive melts than their Late Devonian-Early Mississippian counterparts, reflective of an origin in a progressively rifting, oceanic island arc environment.
Additional file 1 of Perceived facilitators of and barriers to mental health treatment engagement among decision-making competent adolescents in Greece
Creators: name: Tsamadou, E.
name: Voultsos, P.
name: Emmanouilidis, A.
name: Ampatzoglou, G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Storing Small Photonic Cluster States in a Dephasing Environment
Creators: name: Weinstein, Yaakov S.
name: Gilbert, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of decoherence on the entanglement of photonic cluster states. Large photonic cluster states can be built by fusing together smaller photonic cluster states via probabilistic fusion operations. For this construction process it is necessary to store these smaller cluster states in some way so as to have them available for attempted fusion operations. While in storage the photonic cluster states may undergo dephasing. The effects of dephasing on small, primitive cluster states is explored here with the aim of determining how to locally rotate the qubits of the cluster state so as to lose the least amount of entanglement due to the dephasing process.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published J. Mod. Opt., 40th Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics