cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A GIS Suitability Analysis of The Potential for Rooftop Agriculture in New York City
Creators: Berger, Danielle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Urban agriculture
Roof gardening
City planning
Sustainability

description: Urban agriculture and the capacity to grow food in urban landscapes has become a significant aspect of sustainable development especially in New York City. Urban agriculture is part of the larger idea of green infrastructure, which has environmental benefits ranging from reducing storm-water runoff, mitigating the urban heat island effect, reducing the need for energy intensive cooling systems in the summer months and increasing biodiversity. Urban agricultural projects have gained traction in progressive cities across North America like San Francisco, CA, Portland, OR and Vancouver, BC, Canada. New York City presents many challenges to urban agriculture, primarily the lack of open space for commercial urban farms due to the dense built landscape. In response to this issue, New York City has looked to rooftops for urban agriculture solutions. A handful of rooftop farms already exist in the city, most notable Brooklyn Grange and Gotham Greens, which are two of the most successful urban farms in the world. This study looks at the potential for rooftop urban agriculture in New York City through a GIS analysis. The model utilizes publicly available datasets to identify the buildings with the greatest potential for rooftop farms, greenhouses, or intensive green roofs. The model subsequently also identifies roofs with the structural potential for extensive non-agricultural green roofs. The model focuses on the North Brooklyn Industrial Business Zone on the south side of Newtown Creek and has identified over 50 acres of suitable roof space for agricultural projects. The results of this model will hopefully spur investment and increase awareness about the potential for urban agriculture and green roofing infrastructure among the public, policy makers, advocacy groups, and investors.
Multiwavelength cluster mass estimates and machine learning
Creators: name: Cohn, J. D.
name: Battaglia, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One emerging application of machine learning methods is the inference of galaxy cluster masses. In this note, machine learning is used to directly combine five simulated multiwavelength measurements in order to find cluster masses. This is in contrast to finding mass estimates for each observable, normally by using a scaling relation, and then combining these scaling law based mass estimates using a likelihood. We also illustrate how the contributions of each observable to the accuracy of the resulting mass measurement can be compared via model-agnostic Importance Permutation values. Thirdly, as machine learning relies upon the accuracy of the training set in capturing observables, their correlations, and the observational selection function, and as the machine learning training set originates from simulations, two tests of whether a simulation's correlations are consistent with observations are suggested and explored as well.
description: 12 pages, final version to appear in MNRAS. Expanded explanations, and added examples
Restrictions on Tree Adjoining Languages
Creators: name: Satta, Giorgio
name: Schuler, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Several methods are known for parsing languages generated by Tree Adjoining Grammars (TAGs) in O(n^6) worst case running time. In this paper we investigate which restrictions on TAGs and TAG derivations are needed in order to lower this O(n^6) time complexity, without introducing large runtime constants, and without losing any of the generative power needed to capture the syntactic constructions in natural language that can be handled by unrestricted TAGs. In particular, we describe an algorithm for parsing a strict subclass of TAG in O(n^5), and attempt to show that this subclass retains enough generative power to make it useful in the general case.
description: 7 pages LaTeX + 5 eps figures
Zoophthorus palpator
Creators: name: Kolarov, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Zoophthorus
Zoophthorus palpator

description: Zoophthorus palpator (MÜLLER 1776)
 Ichneumon palpator MÜLLER 1776. Zool. Dan. prodr. Hafniae p. 151.
 Hemiteles palpator: STROBL 1900: 242.
D i s t r i b u t i o n:Palearcticregion.
description: Published as part of Kolarov, J., 2008, A Catalogue of the [former] Yugoslavian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Insecta), pp. 1585-1739 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1638, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431642
The Nolan Street of Pompeii in Chapter VI of Das Templum by Heinrich Nissen
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Heinrich Nissen
Archaeoastronomy
Pompeii
Gromatici
Hyginus
Ferdinando Castagnoli
Stefano De Caro

description: In the Chapter VI of a book by Heinrich Nissen, entitled Das Templum, 1869, we can find the author claiming the Nolan Street of Pompeii had been aligned according to the sunrise on summer solstices. Here we discuss how Nissen justified his thought. We will see in particular his point of view about the orientation according to sunrise as rebuked by Hyginus. In the discussion, we will also mention the observations made by Ferdinando Castagnoli on Nissen's Das Templum and by Stefano De Caro on the orientation of the Nolan Street.
A critique of bioethical slopes
Creators: name: Gerrand, Nicole
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1990

description: Ethical discussions are no longer limited to philosophers, and ethical writings to philosophical journals. Determinations on issues in applied ethics are being sought and made by government bodies, institutional committees and individuals. Nowhere is this better demonstrated than in bioethics, which examines the ethical problems that emerge in medical practice and research, and is now perhaps the most significant area of applied ethics. This increased interest in bioethics means that common arguments are now being used, or misused, more widely. An example of this is the prevalence of arguments claiming that certain events should not be allowed because they will lead to moral atrocities. This argument has a variety of names but is most commonly known in philosophical literature as the 'slippery slope argument'. This argument appears in discussions about euthanasia; the moral status of the embryo (which in tum influences debates on abortion), in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and whether embryos can be experimented on; genetic engineering; and the allocation of medical resources. Because of its versatility the argument has appeared in a variety of different reports on bioethical issues. The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Ethics Committee's report on the ethics of limiting life sustaining treatment surveys a number of options that have been suggested for deciding whether to withdraw or stop such treatment. It is then claimed that Many would prefer not to think about the options. Others fear that any such discussions open the way to killing the aged, the no-longer useful, and who next?...
Every 2-Segal space is unital
Creators: name: Feller, Matthew
name: Garner, Richard
name: Kock, Joachim
name: Proulx, May U.
name: Weber, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that every 2-Segal space is unital.
description: 4 pages; v2: simplified and unified proofs
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the bZIP transcription factor family genes in response to abiotic stress in Nicotiana tabacum L.
Creators: name: Duan, Lili
name: Mo, Zejun
name: Fan, Yue
name: Li, Kuiyin
name: Yang, Mingfang
name: Li, Dongcheng
name: Ke, Yuzhou
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Wang, Feiyan
name: Fan, Yu
name: Liu, Renxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Analysis and distribution of the conserved motifs in Nicotiana tabacum L bZIP proteins. bZIP: basic leucine zipper.
Hypamblys fluminensis
Creators: name: Kolarov, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Hypamblys
Hypamblys fluminensis

description: Hypamblys fluminensis (STROBL 1901)
 Euryproctus fluminensis STROBL 1903. Verh. Mitteil. Siebenburg. Ver. Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 50 (1900): 43.
 Euryproctus fluminensis: YU & HORSTMANN 1997: 409.
 Hypamblys fluminensis: AUBERT 2000: 172, Croatia.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Switzerland and Croatia.
description: Published as part of Kolarov, J., 2008, A Catalogue of the [former] Yugoslavian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Insecta), pp. 1585-1739 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1639, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431642
SYNERGY: A Linear Planner Based on Genetic Programming
Creators: name: Muslea, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8

description: In this paper we describe SYNERGY, which is a highly parallelizable, linear planning system that is based on the genetic programming paradigm. Rather than reasoning about the world it is planning for, SYNERGY uses artificial selection, recombination and fitness measure to generate linear plans that solve conjunctive goals. We ran SYNERGY on several domains (e.g., the briefcase problem and a few variants of the robot navigation problem), and the experimental results show that our planner is capable of handling problem instances that are one to two orders of magnitude larger than the ones solved by UCPOP. In order to facilitate the search reduction and to enhance the expressive power of SYNERGY, we also propose two major extensions to our planning system: a formalism for using hierarchical planning operators, and a framework for planning in dynamic environments.
description: 13 pages, European Conference on Planning 1997
Tropistes falcatus
Creators: name: Kolarov, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Tropistes
Tropistes falcatus

description: Tropistes falcatus (THOMSON 1884)
 Hemiteles falcatus THOMSON 1884. Opusc. Ent. Lund 10: 939.
 Tropistes nitidipennis GRAV. var. nigriventris: AUBERT 1973: 270, Slovenia, May.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Europe and Azerbaijan.
description: Published as part of Kolarov, J., 2008, A Catalogue of the [former] Yugoslavian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Insecta), pp. 1585-1739 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1637, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431642
Assuming modernity : migrant industrial workers in Tangerang, Indonesia
Creators: name: Warouw, Johannes Nicolaas
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2004

description: The financial cns1s in 1997 that severely hit Indonesian manufacturing made thousands of factory workers redundant. As the impact of the crisis eases several years later, the sector has started to recover and urban manufacturing is now attracting young migrants from rural Indonesia. The recent flow of migrants to the city marks the rise of a new generation of urban factory workers who arrive in the metropolis with distinctive aspirations compared to their pre-crisis predecessors who were associated with labour activism in the early and mid-1990s. This thesis is an ethnographic account of migrant industrial workers in Tangerang, west Java and their relation to the processes of globalisation and modernisation. It focuses on the increasing integration of rural subjects into modem discourses through the embrace of practices regarded as conferring on them a modem identity. The formation of identity amongst these subjects is inseparable from their efforts to be modem subjects, represented by their aspirations for progress and advancement. The personalities introduced in this thesis demonstrate a variety of expression of what it means to be modem beings; to be urban people; to be differentiated from the 'un­ modem' rural existence; and to be in conformity with the imagined state of modernity. The shift to the city is not experienced by these new arrivals as a disjuncture because their childhood experience in the countryside has already been shaped by diverse cultural flows, making modernisation and global discourse familiar in rural society. Indeed, these childhood encounters with the modem have created a phantasmagoric image of modernity which they seek to embrace through migration to the city. Nonetheless, in their new metropolitan setting, the contemporary migrants remain subject to the harsh regime of capitalist production as well as urban marginalisation that menace their attempt to realise their 'imagined community' of modernity. Therefore, their urban practices are affected by their efforts to produce a new meaning to and realigning of their pre-existing perceived 'modernity' with the actuality of the industrial town. This thesis, based on nearly one year's fieldwork between 2000-2001 in an urban neighbourhood in Tangerang, focuses on how the rural youth-turned urban migrant workers understand their place in the process of modernisation and material development, which has become the holy grail of the contemporary Indonesian state.
Pachybrachis deceptor Riley and Barney 2015
Creators: name: Barney, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Pachybrachis
Pachybrachis deceptor

description: 16. Pachybrachis deceptor Riley and Barney, 2015  (Holotype in MCZ).
Riley and Barney 2015: figs. 6, 8; map 1.
description: Published as part of Barney, Robert J., 2019, Key to All Sixty-Four Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) in the Eastern USA, pp. 85-96 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.85, http://zenodo.org/record/5334692
Robust sound event detection in bioacoustic sensor networks
Creators: name: Lostanlen, Vincent
name: Salamon, Justin
name: Farnsworth, Andrew
name: Kelling, Steve
name: Bello, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Bioacoustic sensors, sometimes known as autonomous recording units (ARUs), can record sounds of wildlife over long periods of time in scalable and minimally invasive ways. Deriving per-species abundance estimates from these sensors requires detection, classification, and quantification of animal vocalizations as individual acoustic events. Yet, variability in ambient noise, both over time and across sensors, hinders the reliability of current automated systems for sound event detection (SED), such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) in the time-frequency domain. In this article, we develop, benchmark, and combine several machine listening techniques to improve the generalizability of SED models across heterogeneous acoustic environments. As a case study, we consider the problem of detecting avian flight calls from a ten-hour recording of nocturnal bird migration, recorded by a network of six ARUs in the presence of heterogeneous background noise. Starting from a CNN yielding state-of-the-art accuracy on this task, we introduce two noise adaptation techniques, respectively integrating short-term (60 milliseconds) and long-term (30 minutes) context. First, we apply per-channel energy normalization (PCEN) in the time-frequency domain, which applies short-term automatic gain control to every subband in the mel-frequency spectrogram. Secondly, we replace the last dense layer in the network by a context-adaptive neural network (CA-NN) layer. Combining them yields state-of-the-art results that are unmatched by artificial data augmentation alone. We release a pre-trained version of our best performing system under the name of BirdVoxDetect, a ready-to-use detector of avian flight calls in field recordings.
description: 32 pages, in English. Submitted to PLOS ONE journal in February 2019; revised August 2019; published October 2019
A GL(3) Kuznetsov Trace Formula and the Distribution of Fourier Coefficients of Maass Forms
Creators: Guerreiro, João Leitão
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Eigenvalues
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Trace formulas
subject: Weyl's problem

description: We study the problem of the distribution of certain GL(3) Maass forms, namely, we obtain a Weyl’s law type result that characterizes the distribution of their eigenvalues, and an orthogonality relation for the Fourier coefficients of these Maass forms. The approach relies on a Kuznetsov trace formula on GL(3) and on the inversion formula for the Lebedev-Whittaker transform. The family of Maass forms being studied has zero density in the set of all GL(3) Maass forms and contains all self-dual forms. The self-dual forms on GL(3) can also be realised as symmetric square lifts of GL(2) Maass forms by the work of Gelbart-Jacquet. Furthermore, we also establish an explicit inversion formula for the Lebedev-Whittaker transform, in the nonarchimedean case, with a view to applications.
A Gender Analysis of the Democratic Republic of Congo’s Health System Reform: An Opportune Moment to Build a Just and Inclusive Health System
Creators: Bilsky, Christine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Medical care
Health care reform
Women's health services

description: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has experienced a near-total collapse of its healthcare system, resulting in an overwhelming majority of the population lacking access to lifesaving healthcare services. Since the mid-2000s, the DRC’s Ministry of Public Health has engaged in extensive healthcare system reform efforts under the long-term vision of achieving Universal Health Coverage. Although the literature on institutional health reform has steadily increased over the past decade, there has yet to be an in-depth analysis of the healthcare system reform efforts using a gender perspective. Previous research suggests that across their lifespan, Congolese women have poorer health outcomes than men, linking health disparities to women’s relative power, rights and access to resources. This thesis fills this gap, examining key institutional and structural interventions for their implications on health experienced by Congolese women from conception to beyond their reproductive years. This thesis suggests that healthcare reform efforts over the past eleven years have had severe deficits for Congolese women’s health. As the DRC government aims to strengthen its capacities to provide quality healthcare to its population, it is more important than ever to identify how and to what extent intervening variables of the health systems reform efforts are normatively and consequentially reflective of differential gendered experiences of health.
Disc pasture meter calibration to estimate grass biomass production in the arid dunefield of the south-western Kalahari
Creators: name: Harmse, Christiaan J
name: Dreber, Niels
name: Trollope, Winston SW
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The disc pasture meter (DPM) is a tool that is widely used to estimate aboveground standing grass biomass (ASB) in a rapid and non-destructive manner. Depending on the species composition, rangeland condition and local climate, available DPM calibrations may fail in providing precise measurements for a certain area. We calibrated a DPM for the arid dunefield savanna of the south-western Kalahari as found in the Northern Cape province of South Africa and bordering Namibia and Botswana. Assessments were done at 30 sites and restricted to inter-dune areas. The site selection accounted for different grazing conditions to ensure a better representation of the variability in ASB in the region. We determined grass species composition, basal cover and dry matter production in relation to height readings of the DPM. The grass sward was dominated by the species Stipagrostis ciliata, S. obtusa and Schmidtia kalahariensis, with a mean density of 25 cm point-to-tuft distances. Based on 90 paired observations of ASB and disc height (x; cm), the equation ӯ (kg ha−1) = 213.37(x) + 103.36 (r2 = 0.760) was established. In comparison to other models, the equation avoids an overestimation of ASB in this vegetation type, and thus leads to more accurate estimations.
The Thermodynamics for Relativistic Multi-Fluid Systems
Creators: name: Osano, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article extends the single-fluid relativistic irreversible thermodynamics theory of {\it M{ü}ller}, {\it Israel} and {\it Stewart} (hereafter the {MIS} theory) to a multi-fluid system with inherent species interactions. This is illustrated in a two-fluid toy-model where an effective complex 4-velocity plays the role of a primary dynamical parameter. We find that an observer who resides in the {\it real}-part of this universe will notice that their knowledge of the universe parametrized using {\it real}, rather than {\it imaginary}, quantities are insufficient to fully determine properties such as the total energy density, pressure or entropy, In fact, such an observer will deduce the existence of some negative energy that affects the expansion of their perceived {\it real} universe.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Pachybrachis deyrupi Barney 2016
Creators: name: Barney, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Pachybrachis
Pachybrachis deyrupi

description: 17. Pachybrachis deyrupi Barney, 2016  (Holotype in MCZ).
Barney 2016a: fig. 5; map 1.
description: Published as part of Barney, Robert J., 2019, Key to All Sixty-Four Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) in the Eastern USA, pp. 85-96 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.85, http://zenodo.org/record/5334692
Role of the interaction between a gust front and a mesoscale air mass boundary in convection initiation: a case study
Creators: name: Xinyan CUI
name: QIN, Rui
name: Mingxuan CHEN
name: HAN, Lei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The local convection initiation (CI) mechanisms of a convective case that occurred on 5 August 2017 in Cangzhou, northern China, were studied using Doppler radar and automatic weather station observational analysis, along with Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System assimilation analysis. During the convective process, a gust front appeared ahead of two existing convective systems, respectively. In the warm and moist environment ahead of the gust fronts in the south, there was a mesoscale air mass boundary. With the process of a gust front moving southward, approaching the mesoscale air mass boundary, the convergence intensified in the area between the gust front and the mesoscale air mass boundary. Finally, the strong convergent updraft exceeded the level of free convection and triggered the new convection.
Zoophthorus trochanteralis
Creators: name: Kolarov, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Zoophthorus
Zoophthorus trochanteralis

description: Zoophthorus trochanteralis (DALLA TORRE 1902)
 Hemiteles trochanteralis DALLA TORRE 1902. Cat. Hym. 3: 668.
 Zoophthorus tibialis: HORSTMANN 1990: 12, Croatia, April; YU & HORSTMANN 1997: 403.
D i s t r i b u t i o n:Europe.
description: Published as part of Kolarov, J., 2008, A Catalogue of the [former] Yugoslavian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Insecta), pp. 1585-1739 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1638, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431642
Universal Superpositions of Coherent States and Self-Similar Potentials
Creators: name: Spiridonov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A variety of coherent states of the harmonic oscillator is considered. It is formed by a particular superposition of canonical coherent states. In the simplest case, these superpositions are eigenfunctions of the annihilation operator $A=P(d/dx+x)/\sqrt2$, where $P$ is the parity operator. Such $A$ arises naturally in the $q\to -1$ limit for a symmetry operator of a specific self-similar potential obeying the $q$-Weyl algebra, $AA^\dagger-q^2A^\dagger A=1$. Coherent states for this and other reflectionless potentials whose discrete spectra consist of $N$ geometric series are analyzed. In the harmonic oscillator limit the surviving part of these states takes the form of orthonormal superpositions of $N$ canonical coherent states $|ε^kα\rangle$, $k=0, 1, \dots, N-1$, where $ε$ is a primitive $N$th root of unity, $ε^N=1$. A class of $q$-coherent states related to the bilateral $q$-hypergeometric series and Ramanujan type integrals is described. It includes a curious set of coherent states of the free nonrelativistic particle which is interpreted as a $q$-algebraic system without discrete spectrum. A special degenerate form of the symmetry algebras of self-similar potentials is found to provide a natural $q$-analog of the Floquet theory. Some properties of the factorization method, which is used throughout the paper, are discussed from the differential Galois theory point of view.
description: 68 pages, LATEX, no figures
Effect of polarisation and choice of event generator on spectra from dark matter annihilations
Creators: name: Niblaeus, Carl
name: Cornell, Jonathan M.
name: Edsjö, Joakim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If indirect detection searches are to be used to discriminate between dark matter particle models, it is crucial to understand the expected energy spectra of secondary particles such as neutrinos, charged antiparticles and gamma-rays emerging from dark matter annihilations in the local Universe. In this work we study the effect that both the choice of event generator and the polarisation of the final state particles can have on these predictions. For a variety of annihilation channels and dark matter masses, we compare yields obtained with Pythia8 and Herwig7 of all of the aforementioned secondary particle species. We investigate how polarised final states can change these results and do an extensive study of how the polarisation can impact the expected flux of neutrinos from dark matter annihilations in the centre of the Sun. We find that differences between the event generators are larger for yields of hadronic end products such as antiprotons, than for leptonic end products. Concerning polarisation, we conversely find the largest differences in the leptonic spectra. The large differences in the leptonic spectra point to the importance of including polarisation effects in searches for neutrinos from dark matter annihilations in the Sun. However, we find that these differences are ultimately somewhat washed out by propagation effects of the neutrinos in the Sun.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
Pachybrachis erinae Barney 2018
Creators: name: Barney, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Pachybrachis
Pachybrachis erinae

description: 22. Pachybrachis erinae Barney, 2017  (Holotype in MCZ).
Barney 2018a: fig. 19; map 3B.
description: Published as part of Barney, Robert J., 2019, Key to All Sixty-Four Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) in the Eastern USA, pp. 85-96 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.85, http://zenodo.org/record/5334692
Using a Diathesis Model for Semantic Parsing
Creators: name: Atserias, Jordi
name: Castellon, Irene
name: Civit, Montse
name: Rigau, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7;I.5

description: This paper presents a semantic parsing approach for unrestricted texts. Semantic parsing is one of the major bottlenecks of Natural Language Understanding (NLU) systems and usually requires building expensive resources not easily portable to other domains. Our approach obtains a case-role analysis, in which the semantic roles of the verb are identified. In order to cover all the possible syntactic realisations of a verb, our system combines their argument structure with a set of general semantic labelled diatheses models. Combining them, the system builds a set of syntactic-semantic patterns with their own role-case representation. Once the patterns are build, we use an approximate tree pattern-matching algorithm to identify the most reliable pattern for a sentence. The pattern matching is performed between the syntactic-semantic patterns and the feature-structure tree representing the morphological, syntactical and semantic information of the analysed sentence. For sentences assigned to the correct model, the semantic parsing system we are presenting identifies correctly more than 73% of possible semantic case-roles.
description: 8 pages
How_Doctors_Think_Part_1._Fever_in_animals
Creators: name: Hendrickx, Hans
name: Lorenz, Linda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111711 Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance)
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This blog describes the way Dr. White solves a problem of fever in animals. He makes use of his Diagnostic Support System 'Consultant'. We use his DSS to demonstrate the principles of the DSS, which mimics the way doctors are trained. 'Fever' in animals has over 800 possible diagnoses. After triage and making use of context, the number decreases to 32. From there it remains a complex process to solve the case.
de Sitter entropy as entanglement
Creators: name: Narayan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe connected timelike codim-2 extremal surfaces stretching between the future and the past boundaries in the static patch coordinatization of de Sitter space. These are analogous to rotated versions of certain surfaces in the $AdS$ black hole. The existence of these surfaces via the $dS/CFT$ framework suggests the speculation that $dS_4$ is dual to two copies of ghost-like CFTs in a thermofield-double-type entangled state. In studies of entanglement in ghost systems and "ghost-spin" chains, we show that similar entangled states in two copies of ghost-spin ensembles always have positive norm and positive entanglement.
description: 4pgs+refs, Essay received honorable mention in the Gravity Research Foundation 2019 Awards
title: Trade Liberalization and Poverty in Fiji: A Computable General Equilibrium - Microsimulation Analysis
Creators: name: Gounder, Neelesh
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Trade liberalization, Fiji
subject: Orani applied general equilibrium model
subject: Tariff reductions
subject: Economic conditions, Fiji
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, Fiji

description: The aim of this thesis is to examine whether trade liberalization, in terms of complete tariff reductions, will contribute to poverty reduction in Fiji. Whilst poverty reduction is the ultimate goal of trade reforms, and if trade liberalization does promote growth, then will the poor benefit from this trade liberalization? Previous studies on trade liberalization on Fiji are based on partial equilibrium as well as general equilibrium analysis. These studies have shown that trade liberalization will have positive impacts on the Fijian economy. Trade liberalization is unlikely to produce equivalent results of its impact on poverty across households and regions. Thus even within a country or geographic regions, households and individuals are likely to be differently impacted. However, none of the existing studies focus on the impact of trade liberalization on poverty at the household level. This, according to my knowledge, is thus the first study using a computable general equilibrium combined with a microsimulation approach for analysing the impact of trade liberalization on poverty in Fiji. This research will therefore further our understanding of the impact of trade liberalization on poverty in a small island developing country. It will also fill the gap in the literature on Fiji which lacks the impact of macroeconomic policies such as the impact of trade liberalization on poverty.
A Glimpse Through the Curtain: Monologues of American Catholic Sisters
Creators: La Follette, Kristen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Catholics
Convents
Nuns
Theater
Religion
Oral history

description: The thesis discusses the methods employed to gather oral histories for the documentary theatre piece, and my Oral History MA thesis, A Glimpse Through the Curtain: Monologues of American Catholic Sisters. Brief history on nuns in America is provided, a long with a description of the development of the project.
Tachyonic Inflation in the Braneworld Scenario
Creators: name: Bento, M. C.
name: Bertolami, O.
name: Sen, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider cosmological inflation driven by the rolling tachyon in the context of the braneworld scenario. We show that sufficient inflation consistent with the observational constraints can be achieved for well defined upper limits on the five-dimensional mass scale, string mass scale and the string coupling for the bosonic string.
description: Revtex4, 1 eps figure, 1 table, 5 pages. Typos corrected
Development of the Office of Commissioner of Victims’ Rights as an Appropriate Response to Improving the Experiences of Victims in the Criminal Justice System: Integrity, Access and Justice for Victims of Crime
Creators: name: Kirchengast, Tyrone
name: Iliadis, Mary
name: O’Connell, Michael
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Meeting the needs of crime victims has emerged as a significant 21st century concern. In the Australian context, various commissions of inquiry have recently considered how the interests of victims may be maintained in a system based on adversarial exchange between the accused and the state. Consensus has emerged around the further development of existing charters of victims’ rights as the framework through which victims’ interests may be secured. Importantly, reform of existing charter rights and the office that administers such charters, the Office of Commissioner of Victims’ Rights, provides a means of addressing the recommendations of the various inquiries in a way that supports the participatory needs of victims, while maintaining the independence and integrity of criminal justice processes that provide due process to the accused. This article considers the ways in which the Office of Commissioner of Victims’ Rights may be further developed to provide for the needs of victims against the need to maintain the adversarial character of criminal justice, and due process rights of the accused.
Role of the interaction between a gust front and a mesoscale air mass boundary in convection initiation: a case study
Creators: name: Xinyan CUI
name: QIN, Rui
name: MINGXUAN, Chen
name: HAN, Lei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The local convection initiation (CI) mechanisms of a convective case that occurred on 5 August 2017 in Cangzhou, northern China, were studied using Doppler radar and automatic weather station observational analysis, along with Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System assimilation analysis. During the convective process, a gust front appeared ahead of two existing convective systems, respectively. In the warm and moist environment ahead of the gust fronts in the south, there was a mesoscale air mass boundary. With the process of a gust front moving southward, approaching the mesoscale air mass boundary, the convergence intensified in the area between the gust front and the mesoscale air mass boundary. Finally, the strong convergent updraft exceeded the level of free convection and triggered the new convection.
A Graphon-based Framework for Modeling Large Networks
Creators: He, Ran
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Algorithms
subject: Network analysis (Planning)--Mathematical models

description: This thesis focuses on a new graphon-based approach for fitting models to large networks and establishes a general framework for incorporating nodal attributes to modeling. The scale of network data nowadays, renders classical network modeling and inference inappropriate. Novel modeling strategies are required as well as estimation methods.
      Depending on whether the model structure is specified a priori or solely determined from data, existing models for networks can be classified as parametric and non-parametric. Compared to the former, a non-parametric model often allows for an easier and more straightforward estimation procedure of the network structure. On the other hand, the connectivities and dynamics of networks fitted by non-parametric models can be quite difficult to interpret, as compared to parametric models.
      In this thesis, we first propose a computational estimation procedure for a class of parametric models that are among the most widely used models for networks, built upon tools from non-parametric models with practical innovations that make it efficient and capable of scaling to large networks.
      Extensions of this base method are then considered in two directions. Inspired by a popular network sampling method, we further propose an estimation algorithm using sampled data, in order to circumvent the practical obstacle that the entire network data is hard to obtain and analyze. The base algorithm is also generalized to consider the case of complex network structure where nodal attributes are involved. Two general frameworks of a non-parametric model are proposed in order to incorporate nodal impact, one with a hierarchical structure, and the other employs similarity measures.
      Several simulation studies are carried out to illustrate the improved performance of our proposed methods over existing algorithms. The proposed methods are also applied to several real data sets, including Slashdot online social networks and in-school friendship networks from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (AddHealth Study). An array of graphical visualizations and quantitative diagnostic tools, which are specifically designed for the evaluation of goodness of fit for network models, are developed and illustrated with these data sets. Some observations of using these tools via our algorithms are also examined and discussed.
Pachybrachis gibsoni Barney 2018
Creators: name: Barney, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Pachybrachis
Pachybrachis gibsoni

description: 25. Pachybrachis gibsoni Barney, 2017  (Holotype in MCZ).
Barney 2018a: fig. 20; map 3B.
description: Published as part of Barney, Robert J., 2019, Key to All Sixty-Four Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) in the Eastern USA, pp. 85-96 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.1.85, http://zenodo.org/record/5334692
Hadrodactylus nigrifemur THOMSON 1883
Creators: name: Kolarov, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Hadrodactylus
Hadrodactylus nigrifemur

description: Hadrodactylus nigrifemur THOMSON 1883
 Hadrodactylus nigrifemur THOMSON 1883. Opusc. Ent. Lund 9: 873.
 Hadrodactylus nigrifemur: IDAR 1981: 238; Aubert 2000: 128.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Europe?and Canada.
description: Published as part of Kolarov, J., 2008, A Catalogue of the [former] Yugoslavian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Insecta), pp. 1585-1739 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1638, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5431642
Acoustic Dark Energy: Potential Conversion of the Hubble Tension
Creators: name: Lin, Meng-Xiang
name: Benevento, Giampaolo
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Raveri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the ability of a dark fluid becoming relevant around the time of matter radiation equality to significantly relieve the tension between local measurements of the Hubble constant and CMB inference, within the $Λ$CDM model. We show that the gravitational impact of acoustic oscillations in the dark fluid balance the effects on the CMB and result in an improved fit to CMB measurements themselves while simultaneously raising the Hubble constant. The required balance favors a model where the fluid is a scalar field that converts its potential to kinetic energy around matter radiation equality which then quickly redshifts away. We derive the requirements on the potential for this conversion mechanism and find that a simple canonical scalar with two free parameters for its local slope and amplitude robustly improves the fit to the combined data by $Δχ^2 \approx 12.7$ over $Λ$CDM. We uncover the CMB polarization signatures that can definitively test this scenario with future data.
description: v3: matched the published version
A Geometric Approach to Dynamical System: Global Analysis for Non-Convex Optimization
Creators: Xu, Ji
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Algorithms--Evaluation
subject: Computer algorithms

description: Non-convex optimization often plays an important role in many machine learning problems. Study the existing algorithms that aim to solve the non-convex optimization problems can help us understand the optimization problem itself and may shed light on developing more effective algorithms or methods. In this thesis, we study two popular non-convex optimization problems along with two popular algorithms. The first pair is maximum likelihood estimation with the expectation maximization algorithm. Expectation Maximization (EM) is among the most popular algorithms for estimating parameters of statistical models. However, EM, which is an iterative algorithm based on the maximum likelihood principle, is generally only guaranteed to find stationary points of the likelihood objective, and these points may be far from any maximizer. We address this disconnect between the statistical principles behind EM and its algorithmic properties. Specifically, we provide a global analysis of EM for specific models in which the observations comprise an i.i.d.~sample from a mixture of two Gaussians. This is achieved by (i) studying the sequence of parameters from idealized execution of EM in the infinite sample limit, and fully characterizing the limit points of the sequence in terms of the initial parameters; and then (ii) based on this convergence analysis, establishing statistical consistency (or lack thereof) for the actual sequence of parameters produced by EM. The second pair is phase retrieval problem with approximate message passing algorithm. Specifically, we consider an $\ell_2$-regularized non-convex optimization problem for recovering signals from their noisy phaseless observations. We design and study the performance of a message passing algorithm that aims to solve this optimization problem. We consider the asymptotic setting $m,n \rightarrow \infty$, $m/n \rightarrow \delta$ and obtain sharp performance bounds, where $m$ is the number of measurements and $n$ is the signal dimension. We show that for complex signals the algorithm can perform accurate recovery with only $m= \frac{64}{\pi^2}-4 \approx 2.5n$ measurements. The sharp analyses in this paper enable us to compare the performance of our method with other phase recovery schemes. Finally, the convergence analysis of the iterative algorithms are done by a geometric approach to dynamical systems. By analyzing the movements from iteration to iteration, we provide a general tool that can show global convergence for many two dimensional dynamical systems. We hope this can shed light on convergence analysis for general dynamical systems.