cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic strong lensing as a probe of dark matter self-interactions
Creators: name: Dhanasingham, Birendra
name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Mace, Charlie
name: Peter, Annika H. G.
name: Benson, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy-scale strongly lensed systems have been shown to provide a unique technique for exploring the underlying physics of dark matter at sub-galactic scales. In the past, much attention was given to detecting and studying individual haloes in a strong lens system. In addition to the subhaloes, line-of-sight haloes contribute significantly to the small perturbations in lensed images. In prior work, we demonstrated that these line-of-sight haloes imprint a distinctive anisotropic signature and hence give rise to a detectable non-zero parity-even quadrupole moment in the effective convergence field's two-point correlation function. In this study, we show that these line-of-sight haloes also produce a non-zero curl component of the effective deflection field with a parity-odd quadrupole moment of the two-point function. These multipole moments have the ability to statistically separate line-of-sight haloes from dark matter substructure. In this paper, we examine how these multipole moments evolve in the presence of warm dark matter and self-interacting dark matter in terms of central density evolution and dark matter halo abundance. Importantly, we show that these different multipole moments display exquisite sensitivity to both the amplitude and the velocity dependence of the dark matter self-interaction cross-section. Our approach opens the door for strong lensing observations to probe dark matter self-interaction over a broad range of relative velocities.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures + appendices. Matches the published version in MNRAS
7Be Solar Neutrino Measurement with KamLAND
Creators: name: Gando, A.
name: Gando, Y.
name: Hanakago, H.
name: Ikeda, H.
name: Inoue, K.
name: Ishidoshiro, K.
name: Ishikawa, H.
name: Kishimoto, Y.
name: Koga, M.
name: Matsuda, R.
name: Matsuda, S.
name: Mitsui, T.
name: Motoki, D.
name: Nakajima, K.
name: Nakamura, K.
name: Obata, A.
name: Oki, A.
name: Oki, Y.
name: Otani, M.
name: Shimizu, I.
name: Shirai, J.
name: Suzuki, A.
name: Tamae, K.
name: Ueshima, K.
name: Watanabe, H.
name: Xu, B. D.
name: Yamada, S.
name: Yamauchi, Y.
name: Yoshida, H.
name: Kozlov, A.
name: Takemoto, Y.
name: Yoshida, S.
name: Grant, C.
name: Keefer, G.
name: McKee, D. W.
name: Piepke, A.
name: Banks, T. I.
name: Bloxham, T.
name: Freedman, S. J.
name: Fujikawa, B. K.
name: Han, K.
name: Hsu, L.
name: Ichimura, K.
name: Murayama, H.
name: O'Donnell, T.
name: Steiner, H. M.
name: Winslow, L. A.
name: Dwyer, D.
name: Mauger, C.
name: McKeown, R. D.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Berger, B. E.
name: Lane, C. E.
name: Maricic, J.
name: Miletic, T.
name: Learned, J. G.
name: Sakai, M.
name: Horton-Smith, G. A.
name: Tang, A.
name: Downum, K. E.
name: Tolich, K.
name: Efremenko, Y.
name: Kamyshkov, Y.
name: Perevozchikov, O.
name: Karwowski, H. J.
name: Markoff, D. M.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Detwiler, J. A.
name: Enomoto, S.
name: Heeger, K.
name: Decowski, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the neutrino-electron elastic scattering rate of 862 keV 7Be solar neutrinos based on a 165.4 kton-day exposure of KamLAND. The observed rate is 582 +/- 90 (kton-day)^-1, which corresponds to a 862 keV 7Be solar neutrino flux of (3.26 +/- 0.50) x 10^9 cm^-2s^-1, assuming a pure electron flavor flux. Comparing this flux with the standard solar model prediction and further assuming three flavor mixing, a nu_e survival probability of 0.66 +/- 0.14 is determined from the KamLAND data. Utilizing a global three flavor oscillation analysis, we obtain a total 7Be solar neutrino flux of (5.82 +/- 0.98) x 10^9 cm^-2s^-1, which is consistent with the standard solar model predictions.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
The Materials Commons Data Repository
Creators: name: Tarcea, Glenn
name: Puchala, Brian
name: Berman, Tracy
name: Scorzelli, Giorgio
name: Pascucci, Valerio
name: Taufer, Michela
name: Allison, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: poster-presentation

description: Materials Commons is a system that provides researchers with space to store and share project data privately, tools for analyzing and understanding materials data, and the ability to publish data for reuse by the broader community. Along with a website [3], Materials Commons projects and datasets can be accessed via a command line tool and a Python API for custom integration into a user’s workflow. Materials Commons was designed and implemented with these key features in mind: findability, data accessibility; interoperability; and reusability.
José Maria Yanguas Sanz, Pneumatología de San Basilio, Ed. Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 1983, 290 pp., 240X155, ISBN 84-313-0807-9
Creators: name: Neiva, A. Costa
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
A Probabilistic Model for Aircraft in Climb using Monotonic Functional Gaussian Process Emulators
Creators: name: Pepper, Nick
name: Thomas, Marc
name: De Ath, George
name: Oliver, Enrico
name: Cannon, Richard
name: Everson, Richard
name: Dodwell, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensuring vertical separation is a key means of maintaining safe separation between aircraft in congested airspace. Aircraft trajectories are modelled in the presence of significant epistemic uncertainty, leading to discrepancies between observed trajectories and the predictions of deterministic models, hampering the task of planning to ensure safe separation. In this paper a probabilistic model is presented, for the purpose of emulating the trajectories of aircraft in climb and bounding the uncertainty of the predicted trajectory. A monotonic, functional representation exploits the spatio-temporal correlations in the radar observations. Through the use of Gaussian Process Emulators, features that parameterise the climb are mapped directly to functional outputs, providing a fast approximation, while ensuring that the resulting trajectory is monotonic. The model was applied as a probabilistic digital twin for aircraft in climb and baselined against BADA, a deterministic model widely used in industry. When applied to an unseen test dataset, the probabilistic model was found to provide a mean prediction that was 21% more accurate, with a 34% sharper forecast.
Trotter error with commutator scaling for the Fermi-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Schubert, Ansgar
name: Mendl, Christian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive higher-order error bounds with small prefactors for a general Trotter product formula, generalizing a result of Childs et al. [Phys. Rev. X 11, 011020 (2021)]. We then apply these bounds to the real-time quantum time evolution operator governed by the Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian on one-dimensional and two-dimensional square and triangular lattices. The main technical contribution of our work is a symbolic evaluation of nested commutators between hopping and interaction terms for a given lattice geometry. The calculations result in explicit expressions for the error bounds in terms of the time step and Hamiltonian coefficients. Comparison with the actual Trotter error (evaluated on a small system) indicates that the bounds still overestimate the error.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
MPEC 2023-E60 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 March 12)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Redshift Dependence of the Low-energy Spectral Index of Gamma-Ray Bursts Revisited
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Li
name: Huang, Yong-Feng
name: Zou, Ze-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A negative correlation was found to exist between the low-energy spectral index and the redshift of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by Amati(2002). It was later confirmed by Geng(2013) and Gruber(2014), but the correlation was also found to be quite dispersive when the sample size was significantly expanded. In this study, we have established two even larger samples of gamma-ray bursts to further examine the correlation. One of our sample is consisted of 316 GRBs detected by the Swift satellite, and the other one is consisted of 80 GRBs detected by the Fermi satellite. It is found that there is no correlation between the two parameters for the Swift sample, but there does exist a weak negative correlation for the Fermi sample. The correlation becomes even more significant when the spectral index at the peak flux is considered. It is argued that the absence of the correlation in the Swift sample may be due to the fact that Swift has a very narrow energy response so that it could not measure the low-energy spectral index accurately enough. Further studies based on even larger GRB samples are solicited.
Spectral gaps for normally hyperbolic trapping
Creators: name: Dyatlov, Semyon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a resonance free strip for codimension 2 symplectic normally hyperbolic trapped sets with smooth incoming/outgoing tails. An important application is wave decay on Kerr and Kerr-de Sitter black holes. We recover the optimal size of the strip and give an $o(h^{-2})$ resolvent bound there. We next show existence of deeper resonance free strips under the $r$-normal hyperbolicity assumption and a pinching condition. We also give a lower bound on the ne-sided cutoff resolvent on the real line.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures; more minor corrections. To appear in Ann. Inst. Fourier
Spins-based Quantum Otto Engines and Majorisation
Creators: name: Sonkar, Sachin
name: Johal, Ramandeep S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of majorisation is explored as a tool to characterize the performance of a quantum Otto engine in the quasi-static regime. For a working substance in the form of a spin of arbitrary magnitude, majorisation yields a necessary and sufficient condition for the operation of the Otto engine, provided the canonical distribution of the working medium at the hot reservoir is majorised by its canonical distribution at the cold reservoir. For the case of a spin-1/2 interacting with an arbitrary spin via isotropic Heisenberg exchange interaction, we derive sufficient criteria for positive work extraction using the majorisation relation. Finally, local thermodynamics of spins as well as an upper bound on the quantum Otto efficiency is analyzed using the majorisation relation.
description: RevTex4-2, 24 pages, six figures
Numerical stability and efficiency of response property calculations in density functional theory
Creators: name: Cancès, Eric
name: Herbst, Michael F.
name: Kemlin, Gaspard
name: Levitt, Antoine
name: Stamm, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Response calculations in density functional theory aim at computing the change in ground-state density induced by an external perturbation. At finite temperature these are usually performed by computing variations of orbitals, which involve the iterative solution of potentially badly-conditioned linear systems, the Sternheimer equations. Since many sets of variations of orbitals yield the same variation of density matrix this involves a choice of gauge. Taking a numerical analysis point of view we present the various gauge choices proposed in the literature in a common framework and study their stability. Beyond existing methods we propose a new approach, based on a Schur complement using extra orbitals from the self-consistent-field calculations, to improve the stability and efficiency of the iterative solution of Sternheimer equations. We show the success of this strategy on nontrivial examples of practical interest, such as Heusler transition metal alloy compounds, where savings of around 40% in the number of required cost-determining Hamiltonian applications have been achieved.
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics of gravitational screens
Creators: name: Freidel, Laurent
name: Yokokura, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Einstein gravity equations projected on a timelike surface, which represents the time evolution of what we call a gravitational screen. We show that such a screen behaves like a viscous bubble with a surface tension and an internal energy, and that the Einstein equations take the same forms as non-equilibrium thermodynamic equations for a viscous bubble. We provide a consistent dictionary between gravitational and thermodynamical variables. In the non-viscous cases there are three thermodynamic equations which characterize a bubble dynamics: These are the first law, the Marangoni flow equation and the Young-Laplace equation. In all three equations the surface tension plays a central role: In the first law it appears as a work term per unit area, in the Marangoni flow its gradient drives a force, and in the Young-Laplace equation it contributes to a pressure proportional to the surface curvature. The gravity equations appear as a natural generalization of these bubble equations when the bubble itself is viscous and dynamical. In particular, it shows that the mechanism of entropy production for the viscous bubble is mapped onto the production of gravitational waves. We also review the relationship between surface tension and temperature, and discuss black-hole thermodynamics.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures. This is the published version in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Typos are modified, references are added, discussions (especially, of section 6) are clarified but the main results do not change
Vicente Balaguer, Testimonio y tradicion en San Marcos. Narratologia del segundo Evangelio, Ed. Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 1990, 250 pp., 240X155, ISBN 84-313-1102-9
Creators: name: Neiva, A. Costa
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
Understanding the Impact of Synchronous, Asynchronous, and Hybrid In-Situ Techniques in Computational Fluid Dynamics Applications
Creators: name: Ju, Yi
name: Perez, Adalberto
name: Markidis, Stefano
name: Schlatter, Philipp
name: Laure, Erwin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: paper-presentation

description: High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems provide input/output (IO) performance growing relatively slowly compared to peak computational performance and have limited storage capacity. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) applications aiming to leverage the full power of Exascale HPC systems, such as the solver Nek5000, will generate massive data for further processing. These data need to be efficiently stored via the IO subsystem. However, limited IO performance and storage capacity may result in performance, and thus scientific discovery, bottlenecks. In comparison to traditional post-processing methods, in-situ techniques can reduce or avoid writing and reading the data through the IO subsystem, promising to be a solution to these problems. In this paper, we study the performance and resource usage of three in-situ use cases: data compression, image generation, and uncertainty quantification. We furthermore analyze three approaches when these in-situ tasks and the simulation are executed synchronously, asynchronously, or in a hybrid manner. In-situ compression can be used to reduce the IO time and storage requirements while maintaining data accuracy. Furthermore, in-situ visualization and analysis can save Terabytes of data from being routed through the IO subsystem to storage. However, the overall efficiency is crucially dependent on the characteristics of both, the in-situ task and the simulation. In some cases, the overhead introduced by the in-situ tasks can be substantial. Therefore, it is essential to choose the proper in-situ approach, synchronous, asynchronous, or hybrid, to minimize overhead and maximize the benefits of concurrent execution.
James A. Conner and Classmates
Creators: name: Creator Not Identified.
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2019

description: (Left to Right): "George, Goodfrriend, Bebris, Clancy, Conner, Hayne, Hardre, Wolf, Swisher, Weir; Cohen and Richmond missing" (handwritten on back of the photograph)
Relativistic mean field model for ultra-compact low mass neutron star of HESS J1731-347
Creators: name: Kubis, Sebastian
name: Wójcik, Włodzimierz
name: Castillo, David Alvarez
name: Zabari, Noemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observation of the object HESS J1731-347 suggests the existence of a very light and very compact neutron star being a challenge for commonly used equation of state for dense matter. In this work we present a relativistic mean field model enriched with meson crossing terms among isovector and isoscalar mesons. Such interactions particularly dominate the behavior of the symmetry energy and accounts for small size of compact star radius. The proposed model fulfill the recent constraints concerning the symmetry energy slope and state-of-the-art compact stars constraints derived from the NICER measurements of PSR J0030+0451 and PSR J0740+6620 pulsars as well as from the GW170817 event and its associated electromagnetic counterparts AT2017gfo/GRB170817A.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Piercing of a solitonic boson star by a black hole
Creators: name: Zhong, Zhen
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Ikeda, Taishi
name: Zilhão, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the piercing of a mini boson star by a black hole was studied, with tidal capture and the discovery of a "gravitational atom" being reported ( arXiv:2206.00021 [gr-qc] ). Building on this research, we extend the study by including a hexic solitonic potential and explore the piercing of a solitonic boson star by a black hole. Notably, the solitonic boson star can reach higher compactness, which one might expect could alter the dynamics in this context. Our findings suggest that even when the black hole's size approaches the test particle limit, the solitonic boson star is easily captured by the black hole due to an extreme tidal capture process. Regardless of the black hole initial mass and velocity, our results indicate that over 85% of the boson star material is accreted. Thus, the self-interaction does not alter the qualitative behavior of the system.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, revised to match the published version
Log-transforming the matter power spectrum
Creators: name: Greiner, Maksim
name: Enßlin, Torsten A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether non-linear effects on the large-scale power spectrum of dark matter, namely the increase in small-scale power and the smearing of baryon acoustic oscillations, can be decreased by a log-transformation or emulated by an exponential transformation of the linear spectrum. To that end we present a formalism to convert the power spectrum of a log-normal field to the power spectrum of the logarithmic Gaussian field and vice versa. All ingredients of our derivation can already be found in various publications in cosmology and other fields. We follow a more pedagogical approach providing a detailed derivation, application examples, and a discussion of implementation subtleties in one text. We use the formalism to show that the non-linear increase in small-scale power in the matter power spectrum is significantly smaller for the log-transformed spectrum which fits the linear spectrum (with less than 20% error) for redshifts down to 1 and $k\leq1.0\,h\,\mathrm{Mpc}$. For lower redshifts the fit to the linear spectrum is not as good, but the reduction of non-linear effects is still significant. Similarly, we show that applying the linear growth factor to the logarithmic density leads to an automatic increase in small-scale power for low redshifts fitting to third-order perturbation spectra and Cosmic Emulator spectra with an error of less than $20%$. Smearing of baryon acoustic oscillations is at least three times weaker, but still present.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Anisotropy enhancement of the Casimir-Polder force between a nanoparticle and graphene
Creators: name: Biehs, Svend-Age
name: Agarwal, Girish S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the analytical expressions for the thermal Casimir-Polder energy and force between a spheroidal nanoparticle above a semi-infinite material and a graphene covered interface. We analyze in detail the Casimir-Polder force between a gold nanoparticle and a single sheet of pristine graphene focusing on the impact of anisotropy. We show that the effect of anisotropy, i.e. the shape and orientation of the spheroidal nanoparticle, has a much larger influence on the force than the tunability of graphene. The effect of tuning and anisotropy both add up such that we observe a force which is between 20-50% of that in the ideal metal case which is much larger than the results found for the Casimir force between a metal halfspace and a layer of graphene.
SN1987A and neutrino non-radiative decay
Creators: name: Iváñez-Ballesteros, Pilar
name: Volpe, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate neutrino non-radiative two-body decay in vacuum, in relation to SN1987A. In a full $3ν$ decay framework, we perform a detailed likelihood analysis of the 24 neutrino events from SN1987A observed by Kamiokande-II, IMB, and Baksan. We consider both normal and inverted neutrino mass orderings, and the possibility of strongly hierarchical and quasi-degenerate neutrino mass patterns. The results of the likelihood analysis show that the sensitivity is too low to derive bounds in the case of normal mass ordering. On the contrary, in the case of inverted mass ordering we obtain the bound $τ/m \ge 2.4 \times 10^{5}$ s/eV ($1.2 \times 10^{5}$) s/eV at 68 $\%$ (90 $\%$) CL on the lifetime-to-mass ratio of the mass eigenstates $ν_2$ and $ν_1$.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of the nation-wide implementation of ALS home monitoring & coaching: an e-health innovation for personalized care for patients with motor neuron disease
Creators: name: Dontje, M. L.
name: Kruitwagen-van Reenen, E.
name: van Wijk, E.
name: Baars, E.
name: Visser-Meily, J. M. A.
name: Beelen, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1.
Critical Behavior of the q = 3, 4-Potts model on Quasiperiodic Decagonal Lattices
Creators: name: Ferraz, Carlos Handrey Araujo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we performed Monte Carlo simulations of the $q=3,4$-Potts model on quasiperiodic decagonal lattices (QDL) to assess the critical behavior of these systems. Using the single histogram technique in conjunction with the finite-size scaling analysis, we estimate the infinite lattice critical temperatures and the leading critical exponents for $q=3$ and $q=4$ states. Our estimates for the critical exponents on QDL are in good agreement with the exact values on 2D periodic lattices, supporting the claim that both the $q=3$ and $q=4$ Potts model on quasiperiodic lattices belong to the same universality class as those on 2D periodic lattices.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Controlled defect production in monolayer MoS2 via electron irradiation at ultralow accelerating voltages
Creators: name: Dash, Ajit Kumar
name: Swaminathan, Hariharan
name: Berger, Ethan
name: Mondal, Mainak
name: Lehenkari, Touko
name: Prasad, Pushp Raj
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Komsa, Hannu-Pekka
name: Singh, Akshay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control on spatial location and density of defects in 2D materials can be achieved using electron beam irradiation. Conversely, ultralow accelerating voltages (less than or equal to 5kV) are used to measure surface morphology, with no expected defect creation. We find clear signatures of defect creation in monolayer (ML) MoS2 at these voltages. Evolution of E' and A1' Raman modes with electron dose, and appearance of defect activated peaks indicate defect formation. To simulate Raman spectra of MoS2 at realistic defect distributions, while retaining density-functional theory accuracy, we combine machine-learning force fields for phonons and eigenmode projection approach for Raman tensors. Simulated spectra agree with experiments, with sulphur vacancies as suggested defects. We decouple defects, doping and carbonaceous contamination using control (hBN covered and encapsulated MoS2) samples. We observe cryogenic PL quenching and defect peaks, and find that carbonaceous contamination does not affect defect creation. These studies have applications in photonics and quantum emitters.
description: 49 pages, 24 figures, 4 tables
Question answering for healthcare
Creators: name: Kell, Gregory
name: Marshall, Iain James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: question answering
question-answering
natural language processing
machine learning
health informatics
evidence-based medicine
artificial intelligence
clinical decision support
healthcare
biomedicine

description: Medical question answering (QA) systems have the potential to answer clinicians’ uncertainties about treatment and diagnosis on-demand, informed by the latest evidence. However, despite the significant progress in general QA made by the natural language processing (NLP) community, medical QA systems are still not widely used in clinical environments. One likely reason for this is that clinicians may not readily trust QA system outputs, in part because transparency, trustworthiness, and provenance have not been key considerations in the design of such models. In this presentation, we outline early ideas on new directions for question answering research in healthcare. The objective of this project is to research computational methods to assist clinicians in searching for the most relevant and reliable information based on the principles of evidence-based medicine (EBM). The two avenues that will be explored include the development of systems for automatic QA and translating clinical guidelines into structured representations. The structured representations are in the form of decision trees that guide the clinician to the correct diagnosis/treatment for a given patient through a series of Boolean questions. One common approach to implementing medical research is to create decision trees manually, but it has proven onerous and difficult to scale. Hence, algorithmic approaches to decision tree creation will be explored. Both techniques would allow clinicians to find information more quickly. The QA system would accept a natural language query, retrieve the most relevant and reliable evidence and then present the information in a manner that could be used to make decisions. On the other hand, the decision trees could allow clinicians to identify the most appropriate course of action to be taken by answering binary questions about the patient.
Infection Transmission Ontology: Standardization of Infection Transmission Data
Creators: name: Slavco, Elena
name: de Vos, Martine
name: Hostens, Miel
name: Top, Jan
name: Fischer, Egil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: paper-presentation
ontology
infection transmission data
interoperability
reusability
meta-analysis

description: Data of transmission of infections in animals and humans enable the quantification of crucial parameters, like the reproduction number. Datasets on transmission in small groups may vary in format, structure, syntax and semantics. It is difficult to combine these heterogeneous datasets, for example, to do reanalysis and meta-analysis. In this paper we integrate existing datasets on transmission experiments by using semantic web technologies. We have developed an Infection Transmission Ontology that describes the main concepts and relations in the domain of transmission of microorganisms between hosts. By mapping existing datasets to the concepts in the Infection Transmission Ontology, the datasets are standardized and can be combined. We successfully applied the ontology to four transmission datasets and further analysed them in meta-analysis
Long-range interacting Stark many-body probes with Super-Heisenberg precision
Creators: name: Yousefjani, Rozhin
name: He, Xingjian
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to interferometry-based quantum sensing, where interparticle interaction is detrimental, quantum many-body probes exploit such interactions to achieve quantum-enhanced sensitivity. In most of the studied quantum many-body probes, the interaction is considered to be short-ranged. Here, we investigate the impact of long-range interaction at various filling factors on the performance of Stark quantum probes for measuring a small gradient field. These probes harness the ground state Stark localization phase transition which happens at an infinitesimal gradient field as the system size increases. Our results show that while super-Heisenberg precision is always achievable in all ranges of interaction, the long-range interacting Stark probe reveals two distinct behaviors. First, by algebraically increasing the range of interaction, the localization power enhances and thus the sensitivity of the probe decreases. Second, as the interaction range becomes close to a fully connected graph its effective localization power disappears and thus the sensitivity of the probe starts to enhance again. The super-Heisenberg precision is achievable throughout the extended phase until the transition point and remains valid even when the state preparation time is incorporated in the resource analysis. As the probe enters the localized phase, the sensitivity decreases and its performance becomes size-independent, following a universal behavior. In addition, our analysis shows that lower filling factors lead to better precision for measuring weak gradient fields.
description: 8 Pages, 6 Figures. Comments are welcome
The World's Columbian Dental Congress to be held in Chicago, August 14th to 19th inclusive, 1893
Creators: name: World's Columbian Dental Congress (1893 : Chicago, Ill.). Finance Committee For Illinois
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021

description: A form letter addressed to dentists in Illinois soliciting their support for the Congress. Prepared by the Finance Committee for Illinois.
Boundary regularity for fully nonlinear integro-differential equations
Creators: name: Ros-Oton, Xavier
name: Serra, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study fine boundary regularity properties of solutions to fully nonlinear elliptic integro-differential equations of order $2s$, with $s\in(0,1)$. We consider the class of nonlocal operators $\mathcal L_*\subset \mathcal L_0$, which consists of infinitesimal generators of stable Lévy processes belonging to the class $\mathcal L_0$ of Caffarelli-Silvestre. For fully nonlinear operators $I$ elliptic with respect to $\mathcal L_*$, we prove that solutions to $I u=f$ in $Ω$, $u=0$ in $\mathbb R^n\setminusΩ$, satisfy $u/d^s\in C^{s+γ}(\overlineΩ)$, where $d$ is the distance to $\partialΩ$ and $f\in C^γ$. We expect the class $\mathcal L_*$ to be the largest scale invariant subclass of $\mathcal L_0$ for which this result is true. In this direction, we show that the class $\mathcal L_0$ is too large for all solutions to behave like $d^s$. The constants in all the estimates in this paper remain bounded as the order of the equation approaches 2. Thus, in the limit $s\uparrow1$ we recover the celebrated boundary regularity result due to Krylov for fully nonlinear elliptic equations.
description: To appear in Duke Math. J
Real-time Trading System based on Selections of Potentially Profitable, Uncorrelated, and Balanced Stocks by NP-hard Combinatorial Optimization
Creators: name: Tatsumura, Kosuke
name: Hidaka, Ryo
name: Nakayama, Jun
name: Kashimata, Tomoya
name: Yamasaki, Masaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Financial portfolio construction problems are often formulated as quadratic and discrete (combinatorial) optimization that belong to the nondeterministic polynomial time (NP)-hard class in computational complexity theory. Ising machines are hardware devices that work in quantum-mechanical/quantum-inspired principles for quickly solving NP-hard optimization problems, which potentially enable making trading decisions based on NP-hard optimization in the time constraints for high-speed trading strategies. Here we report a real-time stock trading system that determines long(buying)/short(selling) positions through NP-hard portfolio optimization for improving the Sharpe ratio using an embedded Ising machine based on a quantum-inspired algorithm called simulated bifurcation. The Ising machine selects a balanced (delta-neutral) group of stocks from an $N$-stock universe according to an objective function involving maximizing instantaneous expected returns defined as deviations from volume-weighted average prices and minimizing the summation of statistical correlation factors (for diversification). It has been demonstrated in the Tokyo Stock Exchange that the trading strategy based on NP-hard portfolio optimization for $N$=128 is executable with the FPGA (field-programmable gate array)-based trading system with a response latency of 164 $μ$s.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2307.05923
David Isaacs, Teoria y pratica de la dirección de los centros educativos, Ed. Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 1987, 420 pp., 215X145, ISBN 84-313- 1018-9
Creators: name: Neiva, A. Costa
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
Testing the Quantum of Entropy
Creators: name: Hohm, Uwe
name: Schiller, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental and theoretical results about entropy limits for macroscopic and single-particle systems are reviewed. It is clarified when it is possible to speak about a quantum of entropy, given by the Boltzmann constant k, and about a lower entropy limit $S \geq k \ln 2$. Conceptual tensions with the third law of thermodynamics and the additivity of entropy are resolved. Black hole entropy is also surveyed. Further claims for vanishing entropy values are shown to contradict the requirement of observability, which, as possibly argued for the first time, also implies $S \geq k \ln 2$. The uncertainty relations involving the Boltzmann constant and the possibility of deriving thermodynamics from the existence of a quantum of entropy enable one to speak about a principle of the entropy limit that is valid across nature.
title: Design, synthesis and structural evaluation of peptidomimetics towards foldamers, PNAs and non covalent inhibitors of the 20S proteasome
Creators: name: Bordessa, Andrea
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Peptidomimetikum , CD-Spektroskopie , Chirale Verbindungen , Proteasom , Inhibitor , Peptid-Nucleinsäuren , Proteinfaltung , PNA , Foldamere , Inhibitore , Proteasom , Peptidomimetika , peptidomimetic , foldamer , PNA , non covalent inhibitor , 20S proteasome
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The first part of the project, which has been done at the university of Regensburg from November 2005 to October 2007, consisted in a stereoselective synthesis of sugar-like delta-amino acid. This amino acid was a suitable building block for the synthesis of an alpha-delta-pentapetide and an alpha-delta-heptapeptide containing a sequence of Phe and our building block. Conformational studies about these peptides showed the ability of our building block to induce a secondary structure in the synthesised alpha-delta-peptides, in particular an extended helix structure. In addition, the same furanoic scaffold, has been used for the synthesis of some PNA precursor containing thymine and adenine as nucleobases. The second part of the project, which has been done at the univeristy of Paris Sud from November 2007 to october 2008, consisted in the synthesis of peptidomimetics as non covalent inhibitors of 20S proteasome. Using docking methodology, a small library of molecules were design: the most promising molecules were then synthesised, showing an inhibitory activity of the proteasome in a micromolar range.
description: Der erste Teil der Arbeit, welcher an der Universität Regensburg durchgeführt wurde (Nov. 2005 bis Okt. 2007), beschäftigte sich mit der stereoselektiven Synthese einer zucker-ähnlichen delta-Aminosäure. Diese Aminosäure stellt einen nützlichen Baustein für die Synthese von Oligopeptiden mit einer bestimmten Sekundärstruktur dar. Des weiteren wurde die o.g. Aminosäure in der Synthese von PNA Nukleobasen mit Thymin und Adenin genutzt. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit, welcher an der Universität Paris Sud durchgeführt wurde (Nov. 2007 bis Okt. 2008), beschäftigt sich mit der Synthese von Peptidomimetika als nicht kovalente Inhibitoren des Proteasoms 20S. Mit Hilfe von Docking-Studien wurde eine kleine Bibliothek von Molekülen erstellt. Die aussichtsreichsten Kandidaten wurden synthetisiert und zeigten eine inhibitorische Aktivität im mikromolaren Bereich.
Additional file 9 of Lactobacillus reuteri tryptophan metabolism promotes host susceptibility to CNS autoimmunity
Creators: name: Montgomery, Theresa L.
name: Eckstrom, Korin
name: Lile, Katarina H.
name: Caldwell, Sydney
name: Heney, Eamonn R.
name: Lahue, Karolyn G.
name: D’Alessandro, Angelo
name: Wargo, Matthew J.
name: Krementsov, Dimitry N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9: Figure S9. L. reuteri metabolites are sufficient to elicit a Th17 immune response. Splenocytes were differentiated under Th17 conditions without or without IGoxA, IAA, and/or AhR antagonist treatment at 0, 1, 10 or 100 μM followed by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell (A) frequency of total CD45+ T cells and IL-17 production (B and C) as frequency of each parent population in response to IGoxA treatment with and without AhR inhibitor. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell (D) frequency of total CD45+ T cells and IL-17 production (E and F) as frequency of each parent population in response to IAA treatment with and without AhR inhibitor.
Homogeneous spherical data of orbits in spherical embeddings
Creators: name: Gagliardi, Giuliano
name: Hofscheier, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M27, 14M17

description: Let $G$ be a connected reductive complex algebraic group. Luna assigned to any spherical homogeneous space $G/H$ a combinatorial object called a homogeneous spherical datum. By a theorem of Losev, this object uniquely determines $G/H$ up to $G$-equivariant isomorphism. In this paper, we determine the homogeneous spherical datum of a $G$-orbit $X_0$ in a spherical embedding $G/H \hookrightarrow X$. As an application, we obtain a description of the colored fan associated to the spherical embedding $X_0 \hookrightarrow \bar{X_0}$.
description: 14 pages, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Academic support network reflects doctoral experience and productivity
Creators: name: Seckin, Ozgur Can
name: Varol, Onur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary information (PDF 6.5 MB)
Ising interaction between two qubits composed of the highest magnetic quantum number states through magnetic dipole-dipole interaction
Creators: name: Yun, Sang Jae
name: Kim, Jaewan
name: Nam, Chang Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum information processing, one of the most useful interaction between qubits is the Ising type interaction. We propose a scheme to implement the exact Ising interaction through magnetic dipole-dipole interaction. Although magnetic dipolar interaction is Heisenberg type in general, this interaction can bring about the exact mathematical form of the Ising interaction if qubit levels are chosen among the highest magnetic quantum number states. Real physical systems to which our scheme can be applied include rotational states of molecules, hyperfine states of atoms, or electronic states of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. We analyze the feasibility of our scheme for these systems. For example, when the hyperfine levels of rubidium 87 atoms are chosen as qubits and the distance of the two atoms is 0.1 micrometer, controlled-Z gate time will be 8.5 ms. We suggest diverse search and study to achieve optimal implementation of this scheme.
Random walk driven by the simple exclusion process
Creators: name: Huveneers, François
name: Simenhaus, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a strong law of large numbers and an annealed invariance principle for a random walk in a one-dimensional dynamic random environment evolving as the simple exclusion process with jump parameter $γ$. First, we establish that if the asymptotic velocity of the walker is non-zero in the limiting case "$γ= \infty$", where the environment gets fully refreshed between each step of the walker, then, for $γ$ large enough, the walker still has a non-zero asymptotic velocity in the same direction. Second, we establish that if the walker is transient in the limiting case $γ= 0$, then, for $γ$ small enough but positive, the walker has a non-zero asymptotic velocity in the direction of the transience. These two limiting velocities can sometimes be of opposite sign. In all cases, we show that the fluctuations are normal.
description: v2 -> v3: Figures and heuristic comments added. Various typos corrected
Gravitational baryogenesis in non-minimal kinetic coupling model
Creators: name: Goodarzi, Parviz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider the gravitational baryogenesis in the framework of non-minimal derivative coupling model. A mechanism to generate the baryon asymmetry based on the coupling between the derivative of the Ricci scalar curvature and the baryon current in context of non-minimal derivative coupling model is investigated. We show that, in this model, the temperature increases during the reheating periods to the end of reheating period or beginning of radiation dominated era. Therefore the reheating temperature is larger then decoupling temperature. It can be demonstrated that, the evaluation of baryon asymmetry is not depends on coupling constant. In this model we can generate baryon asymmetry at low and high reheating temperature, by considering the high friction constraint.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Open sets of Axiom A flows with Exponentially Mixing Attractors (with Erratum)
Creators: name: Araújo, Vítor
name: Butterley, Oliver
name: Varandas, Paulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D20 (Primary), 37A25, 37C10 (Secondary)

description: For any dimension $d\geq 3$ we construct $C^{1}$-open subsets of the space of $C^{3}$ vector fields such that the flow associated to each vector field is Axiom A and exhibits a non-trivial attractor which mixes exponentially with respect to the unique SRB measure.
description: 15 pages, no figures; content as published in journal; includes text of the Erratum as an appendix
Additional file 2 of Anticipatory postural adjustments in older versus young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Duarte, Manuela Brito
name: da Silva Almeida, Gizele Cristina
name: Costa, Kelly Helorany Alves
name: Garcez, Daniela Rosa
name: de Athayde Costa e Silva, Anselmo
name: da Silva Souza, Givago
name: de Melo-Neto, João Simão
name: Callegari, Bianca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table S2. Search Strategy.