cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The response of a bistable energy harvester to different excitations: the harvesting efficiency and links with stochastic and vibrational resonances
Creators: name: Khovanov, Igor A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy harvesting of ambient vibrations using a combination of a mechanical structure (oscillator) and an electrical transducer has become a valuable technique for powering small wireless sensors. Bistable mechanical oscillators have recently attracted the attention of researchers as they can be used to harvest energy within a wider band of frequencies. In this manuscript, the response of a bistable harvester to different forms of ambient vibration is analysed. In particular, harmonic noise, which has a narrow spectrum, similarly to harmonic signals, yet is stochastic, like broad-spectrum white noise, is considered. Links between bistable harvester responses and stochastic and vibrational resonance are explored.
description: A contribution to a theme issue "Vibrational and stochastic resonance in driven nonlinear systems"
The annealing mechanism of AuGe/Ni/Au ohmic contacts to a two-dimensional electron gas in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures
Creators: name: Koop, E. J.
name: Iqbal, M. J.
name: Limbach, F.
name: Boute, M.
name: van Wees, B. J.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Kooi, B. J.
name: van der Wal, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ohmic contacts to a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures are often realized by annealing of AuGe/Ni/Au that is deposited on its surface. We studied how the quality of this type of ohmic contact depends on the annealing time and temperature, and how optimal parameters depend on the depth of the 2DEG below the surface. Combined with transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry studies of the annealed contacts, our results allow for identifying the annealing mechanism and proposing a model that can predict optimal annealing parameters for a certain heterostructure.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Solving the Corner-Turning Problem for Large Interferometers
Creators: name: Lutomirski, Andy
name: Tegmark, Max
name: Sanchez, Nevada
name: Stein, Leo
name: Urry, Lynn
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so-called corner turning problem is a major bottleneck for radio telescopes with large numbers of antennas. The problem is essentially that of rapidly transposing a matrix that is too large to store on one single device; in radio interferometry, it occurs because data from each antenna needs to be routed to an array of processors that will each handle a limited portion of the data (a frequency range, say) but requires input from each antenna. We present a low-cost solution allowing the correlator to transpose its data in real time, without contending for bandwidth, via a butterfly network requiring neither additional RAM memory nor expensive general-purpose switching hardware. We discuss possible implementations of this using FPGA, CMOS, analog logic and optical technology, and conclude that the corner turner cost can be small even for upcoming massive radio arrays.
description: Revised to match accepted MNRAS version. 7 pages, 4 figs
Supplementary document for Super-resolution optical imaging and memory enabled by scattering suppression of shell-coated gold nanorods - 7438107.pdf
Creators: name: Ma, Xiangyu
name: Gao, Le
name: Yao, Longfang
name: wang, jing
name: Yu, Haoyi
name: Gu, Min
name: Zhang, Qiming
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement
Learning High-Speed Flight in the Wild
Creators: name: Loquercio, Antonio
name: Kaufmann, Elia
name: Ranftl, René
name: Müller, Matthias
name: Koltun, Vladlen
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Quadrotors are agile. Unlike most other machines, they can traverse extremely complex environments at high speeds. To date, only expert human pilots have been able to fully exploit their capabilities. Autonomous operation with on-board sensing and computation has been limited to low speeds. State-of-the-art methods generally separate the navigation problem into subtasks: sensing, mapping, and planning. While this approach has proven successful at low speeds, the separation it builds upon can be problematic for high-speed navigation in cluttered environments. Indeed, the subtasks are executed sequentially, leading to increased processing latency and a compounding of errors through the pipeline. Here we propose an end-to-end approach that can autonomously fly quadrotors through complex natural and man-made environments at high speeds, with purely onboard sensing and computation. The key principle is to directly map noisy sensory observations to collision-free trajectories in a receding-horizon fashion. This direct mapping drastically reduces processing latency and increases robustness to noisy and incomplete perception. The sensorimotor mapping is performed by a convolutional network that is trained exclusively in simulation via privileged learning: imitating an expert with access to privileged information. By simulating realistic sensor noise, our approach achieves zero-shot transfer from simulation to challenging real-world environments that were never experienced during training: dense forests, snow-covered terrain, derailed trains, and collapsed buildings. Our work demonstrates that end-to-end policies trained in simulation enable high-speed autonomous flight through challenging environments, outperforming traditional obstacle avoidance pipelines.
description: 16 pages (+7 supplementary)
Additional file 7 of Identification of QTL regions and candidate genes for growth and feed efficiency in broilers
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Zheng, Maiqing
name: Zhao, Guiping
name: Wang, Jie
name: Liu, Jie
name: Wang, Shunli
name: Feng, Furong
name: Liu, Dawei
name: Zhu, Dan
name: Li, Qinghe
name: Guo, Liping
name: Guo, Yuming
name: Liu, Ranran
name: Wen, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S7. Estimates of variance components and heritabilities for males and females using the relationship matrix that blends genomic and pedigree information.
Spontaneous periodic travelling waves in oscillatory systems with cross-diffusion
Creators: name: Biktashev, V. N.
name: Tsyganov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify a new type of pattern formation in spatially distributed active systems. We simulate one-dimensional two-component systems with predator-prey local interaction and pursuit-evasion taxis between the components. In a sufficiently large domain, spatially uniform oscillations in such systems are unstable with respect to small perturbations. This instability, through a transient regime appearing as spontanous focal sources, leads to establishment of periodic traveling waves. The traveling waves regime is established even if boundary conditions do not favor such solutions. The stable wavelength are within a range bounded both from above and from below, and this range does not coincide with instability bands of the spatially uniform oscillations.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, as accepted to Phys Rev E 2009/10/26
Time-delayed feedback in neurosystems
Creators: name: Schoell, E.
name: Hiller, G.
name: Hoevel, P.
name: Dahlem, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of time delay in systems of two coupled excitable neurons is studied in the framework of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model. Time-delay can occur in the coupling between neurons or in a self-feedback loop. The stochastic synchronization of instantaneously coupled neurons under the influence of white noise can be deliberately controlled by local time-delayed feedback. By appropriate choice of the delay time synchronization can be either enhanced or suppressed. In delay-coupled neurons, antiphase oscillations can be induced for sufficiently large delay and coupling strength. The additional application of time-delayed self-feedback leads to complex scenarios of synchronized in-phase or antiphase oscillations, bursting patterns, or amplitude death.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
The glass transition of two-dimensional binary soft disk mixtures with large size ratios
Creators: name: Kurita, Rei
name: Weeks, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate binary soft disk systems in two dimensions, and investigate how the dynamics slow as the area fraction is increased toward the glass transition. The "fragility" quantifies how sensitively the relaxation time scale depends on the area fraction, and the fragility strongly depends on the composition of the mixture. We confirm prior results for mixtures of particles with similar sizes, where the ability to form small crystalline regions correlates with fragility. However, for mixtures with particle size ratios above 1.4, we find that the fragility is not correlated with structural ordering, but rather with the spatial distribution of large particles. The large particles have slower motion than the small particles, and act as confining "walls" which slow the motion of nearby small particles. The rearrangement of these confining structures governs the lifetime of dynamical heterogeneity, that is, how long local regions exhibit anomalously fast or slow behavior. The strength of the confinement effect is correlated with the fragility and also influences the aging behavior of glassy systems.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
GPSSV simulation model of timber harvesting operations
Creators: name: Henkelman, Larry Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis provides a methodology for examining forest harvesting operations through simulation. The model is capable of simulating multiple landing, single dump logging configurations. Facility locations, equipment types and numbers, parameters, and functional relationships may be varied so that a wide range of west coast British Columbia logging operations can be represented. The model was written in General Purpose Simulation System V (GPSSV) language. A substantial saving in development cost is realized over a FORTRAN-based simulation. The model allows independent users to make modifications within the program in order to adapt to the particular operating rules and policies of their operations. Model formulation for this thesis is based on an actual west coast logging division. Verification of the model involves a three-stage approach. First, a set of hypotheses and postulates are constructed for the subsystems of the harvesting operation and, secondly, these are empirically tested. Historical data is compared to simulation results in order to confirm that particular subsystems adequately model the real system. Tactical considerations and experimental design regarding model execution are presented. It is shown that antithetic variates can be effectively used to reduce the variance of the mean of a response. An improved truck dispatching routine is developed with the objective of maximizing productivity, subject to the availability of yarding and trucking resources. This policy balances the objectives of minimizing truck travel time, truck delays at landings, and yarding stoppages due to timber "saturated" landings. In comparison with other dispatching policies, productivity can be increased from two to over ten percent. The dispatching algorithm has been programmed for a Hewlett-Packard 9830A desktop computing system. The dispatcher, utilizing radio communications with all of the landings and trucks, can theoretically be supplied with the optimum landing to which a truck should be dispatched. Some other practical applications of the timber harvesting simulation model are discussed. Flexibility in the model, in parameter initialization and the substitution of new relationships, allows the investigation of many features of forest resource planning and machine allocation and scheduling. The determination of equipment requirements for various configurations, the evaluation of new equipment and the comparison of different operating policies can be undertaken with the model. Another benefit derived from the development of the model is an increased understanding of the timber harvesting system which allows the design of better operating policies and greater control within the system.
Short-range nucleon correlations and neutrino emission by neutron stars
Creators: name: Frankfurt, Leonid
name: Strikman, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that significant probability of protons with momenta above their Fermi surface leads for proton concentrations p/n > 1/8 to the enhancement of termally excited direct and modified URCA processes within a cold neutron star, and to a nonzero probability of direct URCA processes for small proton concentrations (p/n < 1/8). We evaluate high momentum tails of neutron, proton and electrons distributions within a neutron star. We expect also significantly faster neutrino cooling of hyperon stars.
description: 7 pages, updated version to be published in Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Perspectives in Hadronic Physics, Trieste, May 2008
Flares in Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Chincarini, G.
name: Mao, J.
name: Pasotti, F.
name: Margutti, R.
name: Guidorzi, G.
name: Bernardini, M. G.
name: team, Swift Italian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flare activity that is observed in GRBs soon after the prompt emission with the XRT (0.3-10 KeV) instrument on board of the Swift satellite is leading to important clues in relation to the physical characteristics of the mechanism generating the emission of energy in Gamma Ray Bursts. We will briefly refer to the results obtained with the recent analysis and and discuss the preliminary results we obtained with a new larger sample of GRBs [limited to early flares] based on fitting of the flares using the Norris 2005 profile. We find, in agreement with previous results, that XRT flares follow the main characteristics observed in Norris 2005 for the prompt emission spikes. The estimate of the flare energy for the subsample with redshift is rather robust and an attempt is made, using the redshisft sample, to estimate how the energy emitted in flares depends on time. We used a $H_0=70 km/s/Mpc$, $Ω_Λ=0.7$, $Ω_m=0.3$ cosmology.
description: To be published in the "2008 Nanjing GRB conference" proceeding
Point contact in the sliding regime: generalised tractrix from Memory effects in friction: the role of sliding heterogeneities
Creators: name: Fazio, Vincenzo
name: Acito, Vito
name: Amiot, Fabien
name: Frétigny, Christian
name: Chateauminois, Antoine
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mechanics

description: We report on memory effects involved in the unsteady-state frictional response of a contact interface between a silicone rubber and a spherical glass probe when it is perturbed by changes in the orientation of the driving motion or by velocity steps. From measurements of the displacement fields at the interface, we show that observed memory effects can be accounted for by the non-uniform distribution of the sliding velocity within the contact interface. As a consequence of these memory effects, the friction force may no longer be aligned with respect to the sliding trajectory. In addition, stick–slip motions with a purely geometrical origin are also evidenced. These observations are adequately accounted for by a friction model which takes into account heterogeneous displacements within the contact area. When a velocity dependence of the frictional stress is incorporated in this the model, unsteady-state regimes induced by velocity steps are also adequately described. The good agreement between the model and experiments outlines the role of space heterogeneities in memory effects involved in soft matter friction.
On cosmological-type solutions in multi-dimensional model with Gauss-Bonnet term
Creators: name: Ivashchuk, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A (n + 1)-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) model is considered. For diagonal cosmological-type metrics, the equations of motion are reduced to a set of Lagrange equations. The effective Lagrangian contains two "minisuperspace" metrics on R^n. The first one is the well-known 2-metric of pseudo-Euclidean signature and the second one is the Finslerian 4-metric that is proportional to n-dimensional Berwald-Moor 4-metric. When a "synchronous-like" time gauge is considered the equations of motion are reduced to an autonomous system of first-order differential equations. For the case of the "pure" Gauss-Bonnet model, two exact solutions with power-law and exponential dependence of scale factors (with respect to "synchronous-like" variable) are obtained. (In the cosmological case the power-law solution was considered earlier in papers of N. Deruelle, A. Toporensky, P. Tretyakov and S. Pavluchenko.) A generalization of the effective Lagrangian to the Lowelock case is conjectured. This hypothesis implies existence of exact solutions with power-law and exponential dependence of scale factors for the "pure" Lowelock model of m-th order.
description: 24 pages, Latex, typos are eliminated
Additional file 4 of Identification of QTL regions and candidate genes for growth and feed efficiency in broilers
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Zheng, Maiqing
name: Zhao, Guiping
name: Wang, Jie
name: Liu, Jie
name: Wang, Shunli
name: Feng, Furong
name: Liu, Dawei
name: Zhu, Dan
name: Li, Qinghe
name: Guo, Liping
name: Guo, Yuming
name: Liu, Ranran
name: Wen, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Primer sequences for qPCR analysis.
The signal of $Z^\pm(4430)$ in nucleon-antinucleon scattering
Creators: name: Ke, Hong-Wei
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of $Z^\pm(4430)$ at a nucleon-antinucleon scattering experiment. Considering the PANDA experiment to be an ideal platform to explore the production of the charmonium and charmonim-like states, we suggest the forthcoming PANDA experiment to pay attention to the production of $Z^\pm(4430)$.
description: 6 pages, 15 figures. Published version in EPJC
On the frequentist coverage of Bayesian credible intervals for lower bounded means
Creators: name: Marchand, Éric
name: Strawderman, William E.
name: Bosa, Keven
name: Lmoudden, Aziz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F10, 62F30, 62C10, 62C15, 35Q15, 45B05, 42A99 (Primary)

description: For estimating a lower bounded location or mean parameter for a symmetric and logconcave density, we investigate the frequentist performance of the $100(1-α)%$ Bayesian HPD credible set associated with priors which are truncations of flat priors onto the restricted parameter space. Various new properties are obtained. Namely, we identify precisely where the minimum coverage is obtained and we show that this minimum coverage is bounded between $1-\frac{3α}{2}$ and $1-\frac{3α}{2}+\frac{α^2}{1+α}$; with the lower bound $1-\frac{3α}{2}$ improving (for $α\leq 1/3$) on the previously established ([9]; [8]) lower bound $\frac{1-α}{1+α}$. Several illustrative examples are given.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-EJS292 the Electronic Journal of Statistics (http://www.i-journals.org/ejs/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 2 of An integrated gene catalog and over 10,000 metagenome-assembled genomes from the gastrointestinal microbiome of ruminants
Creators: name: Xie, Fei
name: Jin, Wei
name: Si, Huazhe
name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Tao, Ye
name: Liu, Junhua
name: Wang, Xiaoxu
name: Yang, Chengjian
name: Li, Qiushuang
name: Yan, Xiaoting
name: Lin, Limei
name: Jiang, Qian
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Guo, Changzheng
name: Greening, Chris
name: Heller, Rasmus
name: Guan, Le Luo
name: Pope, Phillip B.
name: Tan, Zhiliang
name: Zhu, Weiyun
name: Wang, Min
name: Qiu, Qiang
name: Li, Zhipeng
name: Mao, Shengyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Computational pipeline for gene catalog and assembly of MAGs. Fig. S2. DNA contamination statistics. Fig. S3. Assembly statistics. Fig. S4. Comparison of the RGMGC to the public datasets. Fig. S5. Coverage of the RGMGC. Fig. S6. Comparison of the dominant microbial taxa at the genus level among GIT regions. Fig. S7. Functional structure of the GIT microbiome. Fig. S8. Gene diversity in microbial communities across the ruminant GIT. Fig. S9. CheckM quality assessment. Fig. S10. Distribution of 10,373 genomes across the ruminant GIT. Fig. S11. Variations in enrichment of MAGs among GIT regions. Fig. S12. Comparative analysis of genomes of the CAG-110 genus. Fig. S13. Species-level clustering of reference genomes and MAGs. Fig. S14. Distribution of the 8,745 USGs across the ruminant GIT. Fig. S15. Taxonomic composition of the 8,745 USGs. Fig. S16. Biosynthetic gene clusters found in the human gut species. Fig. S17. Differences in GP profiles between the USGs and RCGs. Fig. S18. Comparison of the USGs and RCGs in the prevalent phyla. Fig. S19. Phylogenetic tree of the 194 proteobacteria genomes. Fig. S20. Phylogenetic tree of mutualistic archaea. Fig. S21. Distributions of hydrogenases and associated terminal reductases in the 10,373 MAGs. Fig. S22. Associations of GIT microbial species with cattle feed efficiency (FE).
Microstructure reconstruction using entropic descriptors
Creators: name: Piasecki, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A multi-scale approach to the inverse reconstruction of a pattern's microstructure is reported. Instead of a correlation function, a pair of entropic descriptors (EDs) is proposed for stochastic optimization method. The first of them measures a spatial inhomogeneity, for a binary pattern, or compositional one, for a greyscale image. The second one quantifies a spatial or compositional statistical complexity. The EDs reveal structural information that is dissimilar, at least in part, to that given by correlation functions at almost all of discrete length scales. The method is tested on a few digitized binary and greyscale images. In each of the cases, the persuasive reconstruction of the microstructure is found.
description: version accepted for publication in Proc. R. Soc. A
The gauge theory of dislocations: conservation and balance laws
Creators: name: Lazar, Markus
name: Anastassiadis, Charalampos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive conservation and balance laws for the translational gauge theory of dislocations by applying Noether's theorem. We present an improved translational gauge theory of dislocations including the dislocation density tensor and the dislocation current tensor. The invariance of the variational principle under the continuous group of transformations is studied. Through Lie's-infinitesimal invariance criterion we obtain conserved translational and rotational currents for the total Lagrangian made up of an elastic and dislocation part. We calculate the broken scaling current. Looking only on one part of the whole system, the conservation laws are changed into balance laws. Because of the lack of translational, rotational and dilatation invariance for each part, a configurational force, moment and power appears. The corresponding J, L and M integrals are obtained. Only isotropic and homogeneous materials are considered and we restrict ourselves to a linear theory. We choose constitutive laws for the most general linear form of material isotropy. Also we give the conservation and balance laws corresponding to the gauge symmetry and the addition of solutions. From the addition of solutions we derive a reciprocity theorem for the gauge theory of dislocations. Also, we derive the conservation laws for stress-free states of dislocations.
description: 28 pages
Bulk photonic metamaterial with hyperbolic dispersion
Creators: name: Noginov, M. A.
name: Barnakov, Yu. A.
name: Zhu, G.
name: Tumkur, T.
name: Li, H.
name: Narimanov, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we demonstrate a self-standing bulk three-dimensional metamaterial based on the network of silver nanowires in an alumina membrane. This constitutes an anisotropic effective medium with hyperbolic dispersion, which can be used in sub-diffraction imaging or optical cloaks. Highly anisotropic dielectric constants of the material range from positive to negative, and the transmitted laser beam shifts both toward the normal to the surface, as in regular dielectrics, and off the normal, as in anisotropic dielectrics with the refraction index smaller than one. The designed photonic metamaterial is the thickest reported in the literature, both in terms of its physical size 1cm x 1cm x 51 mm, and the number of vacuum wavelengths, N=61 at l=0.84 mm.
description: 6 pages, 4 figurs
Molecular genetics of diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Prapaporn Jungtrakoon
name: Watip Boonyasrisawat
name: Nattachet Plengvidhya
name: Napatawn Banchuin
name: Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2008
Subjects: diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, genetic susceptibility, pathogenesis, diabetic complication

description: 1, 1, Thai Journal of Genetics
Effectiveness of switching from baricitinib 4 mg to upadacitinib 30 mg in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a real-world clinical practice in Japan
Creators: name: Hagino, Teppei
name: Yoshida, Mai
name: Hamada, Risa
name: Saeki, Hidehisa
name: Fujimoto, Eita
name: Kanda, Naoko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic eczematous disease with severe pruritus. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, upadacitinib, baricitinib, and abrocitinib, are systemic treatments for AD. The outcomes of switching from one JAK inhibitor to another have not been examined. We assessed the outcomes of switching from baricitinib 4 mg to upadacitinib 30 mg in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Twenty patients treated with baricitinib 4 mg, showing insufficient response or adverse events, were switched to treatment with upadacitinib 30 mg. We evaluated total eczema area and severity index (EASI), EASI at head and neck, trunk, upper, or lower limbs, EASI of erythema, edema/papulation, excoriation, or lichenification, and peak pruritus numerical-rating scale (PP-NRS) at baseline (start of baricitinib), weeks 0 (time of switching), and 4 and 12 after switching. Total EASI, EASI at each anatomical site, EASI of each clinical sign, and PP-NRS were markedly reduced at weeks 4 or 12 compared to week 0. Achievement rates of more than 75% or 90% reduction of EASI from baseline significantly improved after switching. Switching from baricitinib 4 mg to upadacitinib 30 mg effectively improved rash and pruritus.
Galaxy mergers at high resolution: From elliptical galaxies to tidal dwarfs and globular clusters
Creators: name: Bournaud, F.
name: Bois, M.
name: Emsellem, E.
name: Duc, P. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of galaxy mergers are a powerful tool to study these fundamental events in the hierarchical built-up of galaxies. Recent progress have been made owing to improved modeling, increased resolution and large statistical samples. We present here the highest-resolution models of mergers performed so far. The formation of a variety of substructures ranging from kinematically decoupled cores to globular-like clusters is directly resolved. In a resolution study, we show that the large-scale structure of elliptical-like merger remnants can be affected by the resolution, and a too modest resolution may affect the numerical predictions on the properties of major merger remnants: understanding precisely which kind of event or succession of events has formed the various types of elliptical galaxies remains an open challenge.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the "Galactic and Stellar Dynamics 2008" conference. 4 pages
An Experimental investigation of the Stark broadened line shape of Helium I 3965
Creators: name: Pilon, Peter James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Stark broadened He I 3965 (4P-2S) has been studied experimentally using a plasma jet as a source. Integrated intensity profiles were obtained by scanning the cylindrically symmetric plasma across its width and using a spectrometer and optical multichannel analyser coupled to a magnetic tape drive system to record the profiles. The resulting data was converted to spectral line shapes as a function of plasma radius through the use of an Abel unfolding procedure carried out by a computer program. The radial dependence of the plasma temperature and density was determined and then used to match experimentally determined profiles with theoretical profiles which take the two forbidden components of the Stark broadened levels into account. Comparison of the experimental and theoretical profiles yielded good agreement.
Neutrino masses and $μ$ terms in a supersymmetric extra U(1) model
Creators: name: Suematsu, Daijiro
name: Toma, Takashi
name: Yoshida, Tetsuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a supersymmetric extra U(1) model, which can generate small neutrino masses and necessary $μ$ terms, simultaneously. Fields including quarks and leptons are embedded in three ${\bf 27}$s of $E_6$ in a different way among generations. The model has an extra U(1) gauge symmetry at TeV regions, which has discriminating features from other models studied previously. Since a neutrino mass matrix induced in the model has a constrained texture with limited parameters, it can give a prediction. If we impose neutrino oscillation data to fix those parameters, a value of $\sinθ_{13}$ can be determined. We also discuss several phenomenological features which are discriminated from the ones of the MSSM.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, final version for publication
A Search for Blazar Activity in Broad-Absorption-Line Quasars
Creators: name: Mishra, Sapna
name: Gopal-Krishna
name: Chand, Hum
name: Chand, Krishan
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Negi, Vibhore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our recently reported lack of Intra-Night Optical Variability (INOV) among Broad-Absorption-Line (BAL) quasars exhibiting some blazar-like radio properties, either questions polar ejection of BAL clouds, and/or hints at a physical state of the relativistic jet modified due to interaction with the thermal BAL wind on the innermost sub-parsec scale. As a robust check on this unexpected finding for the BAL_blazar candidates, we report here the INOV study of a new and much more rigorously defined comparison sample consisting of 9 normal (non-BAL) blazars, matched in both magnitude and redshift to the aforementioned sample of BAL_blazar candidates. The present campaign spanning 27 sessions yields an INOV duty cycle of ~23% for the comparison sample of normal blazars, employing the enhanced F-test. However, even this more sensitive test does not detect INOV for the sample of BAL_blazar candidates. This stark INOV contrast found here between the BAL_blazar candidates and normal blazars can probably be traced to a physical interaction of the relativistic jet with the thermal wind, within sub-parsec range from the nucleus. The consequent enfeebling of the jet would additionally explain the striking deficiency among BAL quasars of powerful FR II radio lobes on the much larger scale of 10-100 kpc.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRASL
Flat deformation theorem and symmetries in spacetime
Creators: name: Llosa, Josep
name: Carot, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The \emph{flat deformation theorem} states that given a semi-Riemannian analytic metric $g$ on a manifold, locally there always exists a two-form $F$, a scalar function $c$, and an arbitrarily prescribed scalar constraint depending on the point $x$ of the manifold and on $F$ and $c$, say $Ψ(c, F, x)=0$, such that the \emph{deformed metric} $η= cg -εF^2$ is semi-Riemannian and flat. In this paper we first show that the above result implies that every (Lorentzian analytic) metric $g$ may be written in the \emph{extended Kerr-Schild form}, namely $η_{ab} := a g_{ab} - 2 b k_{(a} l_{b)}$ where $η$ is flat and $k_a, l_a$ are two null covectors such that $k_a l^a= -1$; next we show how the symmetries of $g$ are connected to those of $η$, more precisely; we show that if the original metric $g$ admits a Conformal Killing vector (including Killing vectors and homotheties), then the deformation may be carried out in a way such that the flat deformed metric $η$ `inherits' that symmetry.
description: 30 pages, 0 figures
A transient radio jet in an erupting dwarf nova
Creators: name: Koerding, Elmar
name: Rupen, Michael
name: Knigge, Christian
name: Fender, Rob
name: Dhawan, Vivek
name: Templeton, Matthew
name: Muxlow, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical jets seem to occur in nearly all types of accreting objects: from supermassive black holes to young stellar objects. Based on X-ray binaries, a unified scenario describing the disc/jet coupling has evolved and extended to many accreting objects. The only major exceptions are thought to be cataclysmic variables: Dwarf novae, weakly accreting white dwarfs, show similar outburst behaviour as X-ray binaries but no jet has yet been detected. Here we present radio observations of a dwarf nova in outburst showing variable flat-spectrum radio emission that is best explained as synchrotron emission originating in a transient jet. Both the inferred jet power and the relation to the outburst cycle are analogous to those seen in X-ray binaries, suggesting that the disc/jet coupling mechanism is ubiquitous.
description: Published in Science on 6 June 2008, corrected typos
On the role of the nonlocal Hartree-Fock exchange in ab initio quantum transport: Hydrogen in Platinum nanocontacts revisited
Creators: name: Garcia, Y.
name: Sancho-Garcia, JC.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a practical way to overcome the ubiquitous problem of the overestimation of the zero-bias and zero-temperature conductance, which is associated to the use of local approximations to the exchange-correlation functional in Density-Functional Theory when applied to quantum transport. This is done through partial substitution of the local exchange term in the functional by the nonlocal Hartree-Fock exchange. As a non-trivial example of this effect we revisit the smallest molecular bridge studied so far: a Hydrogen molecule placed in between Platinum nanocontacts. When applied to this system the value of the conductance diminishes as compared to the local-exchange-only value, which is in close agreement with results predicted from Time-Dependent Current-Density-Functional Theory. Our results issue a warning message on recent claims of perfect transparency of a Hydrogen molecule in Platinum nanocontacts.
Random fluctuation leads to forbidden escape of particles
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Christian S.
name: de Moura, Alessandro P. S.
name: Grebogi, Celso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A great number of physical processes are described within the context of Hamiltonian scattering. Previous studies have rather been focused on trajectories starting outside invariant structures, since the ones starting inside are expected to stay trapped there forever. This is true though only for the deterministic case. We show however that, under finitely small random fluctuations of the field, trajectories starting inside Arnold-Kolmogorov-Moser (KAM) islands escape within finite time. The non-hyperbolic dynamics gains then hyperbolic characteristics due to the effect of the random perturbed field. As a consequence, trajectories which are started inside KAM curves escape with hyperbolic-like time decay distribution, and the fractal dimension of a set of particles that remain in the scattering region approaches that for hyperbolic systems. We show a universal quadratic power law relating the exponential decay to the amplitude of noise. We present a random walk model to relate this distribution to the amplitude of noise, and investigate this phenomena with a numerical study applying random maps.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures - Up to date with corrections suggested by referees
Correlation Between Phase Competition and the Nucleation of a Griffiths Phase in (La1-yPry)0.7Ca0.3Mn16/18O3
Creators: name: Jiang, Wanjun
name: Zhou, XueZhi
name: Williams, Gwyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed analyses of the temperature-dependent zero field ac susceptibility of prototypical phase-separated (La1-yPry)0.7Ca0.3Mn16/18O3, 0 < y < 1, reveal features consistent with the presence of a Griffiths phase (GP), viz., an inverse susceptibility characterized by power law with 0.05 < lamda < 0.33 as y decreases towards yc < 0.85. Beyond yc = 0.85, the GP is suppressed. These data, combined with previous neutron diffraction measurements, enable a phase diagram summarizing the evolution of the GP with composition to be constructed for this system; in particular, it shows that the disorder relevant for the establishment of such a phase is linked closely to the relative volume fractions of the phase separated antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic components, even when the recently estimated double exchange (DE) linked percolation threshold is exceeded. The influence of electron-phonon coupling can also be seen through oxygen isotope effects.
description: 4 pages
Avoided level crossing spectroscopy with dressed matter waves
Creators: name: Eckardt, Andre
name: Holthaus, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We devise a method for probing resonances of macroscopic matter waves in shaken optical lattices by monitoring their response to slow parameter changes, and show that such resonances can be disabled by particular choices of the driving amplitude. The theoretical analysis of this scheme reveals far-reaching analogies between dressed atoms and time-periodically forced matter waves.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The effect of gibberellic acid and ethephon on enzymatic browning of redhaven peaches
Creators: name: Paulson, Allan Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Redhaven peaches treated with gibberellic acid (GA, 100 ppm) and ethephon (75 and 150 ppm) 21 and 46 days after full bloom were evaluated for enzymatic browning in the ripe fruit. Treated fruit had less browning than untreated fruit, and fruit treated 46 days after bloom had less browning than fruit treated 21 days after bloom. Fruit pH and fresh weight were affected by treatment, but o-diphenol content and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity were not. Forward stepwise multiple regression on browning showed that 81% of the variation in browning was explained by differences in treatment, treatment application date, o-diphenol content, PPO activity, and fresh weight. Twenty-one polyphenolic compounds from Redhaven peaches were separated by two-dimentional thin layer chromatography. Eight were oxidized by PPO, and were tentatively identified as four chlorogenic acid isomers, three leucoanthocyanidins, and catechin. No differences in qualitative distributions of phenolic compounds were observed in peaches receiving the different treatments. Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of peach PPO preparations showed the presence of up to eleven isozymes with activity toward catechol. The isozymes had different substrate specificities and were present in different amounts. PPO from peaches treated 21 days after bloom appeared to have a catechol reactive isozyme not present in untreated peaches or peaches treated 46 days after bloom. One PPO isozyme from peaches treated 46 days after bloom with 150 ppm ethephon appeared to have decreased substrate specificity toward pyrogallol. Crude PPO preparations from untreated fruit and fruit receiving the 46-day treatments oxidized o-dihydroxyphenolic compounds only. The relative activities of the PPO preparations with these compounds varied with treatment. The same PPO preparations exhibited two pH optima; pH 4.4 and 6.2 for untreated and GA treated peaches (46-day treatment), and pH 4.4 and 6.6 for peaches treated with ethephon (75 or 150 ppm, 46-day treatment). PPO from the treated peaches had a lower proportion of total activity at pH 4.4 than PPO from untreated peaches. The Michaelis constant for PPO from untreated peaches was 9.1 x 10⁻³M.
title: Investigation of the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana using a genetic approach
Creators: name: Boxall, Susanna F.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1999

description: The regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated using a genetic approach. A new class of carbohydrate insensitive mutant (cai) was characterised in order to gain insight into the control of carbohydrate metabolism. Wild type seedlings germinated on media containing 100 mM sucrose and 0.1 mM nitrogen but their cotyledons did not expand and accumulated anthocyanins. After 1 week growth was arrested. The internal carbohydrate content increased accompanied by repression of photosynthetic genes and induction of chs gene expression, cai mutants germinated on agar media containing 100 mM sucrose and 0.1 mM nitrogen but their cotyledons expanded and greened. After initial characterisation of a number of the mutants, two were selected for further analysis. When germinated on a range of different carbon; nitrogen ratios cai 10 and cai 28 displayed a reduced sensitivity to the high carbohydrate and low nitrogen conditions, cai 10 also displayed a mannose insensitive (mig) phenotype compared to the post-germinative growth of wild type which was arrested by mannose. This growth arrest in the wild type on mannose correlates with phosphate sequestration, cai 10 metabolises mannose at a different rate and accumulates less hexose phosphate than the wild type when germinated on mannose, thus indicating that the mannose insensitive phenotype may be a consequence of a disruption in metabolism. Overexpression of Arabidopsis hexokinase 1 in cai 10 did not complement the cai 10 phenotype. In contrast to previous results by Jang et al., (1997), who found that plants overexpressing hexokinase were hypersensitive to sugars, our results indicate that they are less sensitive than wild type. This is not in agreement with the proposed model of hexokinase as a sugar sensor (Jang et al., 1997). Seeds of the hexokinase overexpressors germinated rapidly (within 18-20 h). The seeds also contained elevated levels of some amino acids, smaller lipid bodies and less lipid than the wild type. It is proposed that hexokinase overexpression increases glucose-6-phosphate concentration which activates phosphoenolpyravate carboxylase (PEPCase) and in so doing diverts carbon from lipid biosynthesis to amino acid synthesis.
title: Radio frequency treatments for insect disinfestation of dried legumes
Creators: name: Johnson, J. A.
name: Wang, S.
name: Tang, J.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: heat treatments
subject: dried pulses
subject: cowpea weevil
subject: radio frequency
subject: disinfestations

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 425; 688-694
Radial Flow from Electromagnetic Probes and Signal of Quark Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Mohanty, Payal
name: Nayak, Jajati K
name: Alam, Jan-e
name: Das, Santosh K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first attempt has been made to extract the evolution of radial flow from the analysis of the experimental data on electromagnetic probes experimentally measured at SPS and RHIC energies. The $p_T$ spectra of photons and dileptons measured by WA98 and NA60 collaborations respectively at CERN-SPS and the photon spectra obtained by PHENIX collaboration at BNL-RHIC have been used to constrain the theoretical models, rendering the outcome of the analysis largely model independent. We argue that the variation of the radial velocity with invariant mass is indicative of a phase transition from initially produced partons to hadrons at SPS and RHIC energies.
description: One LaTeX and 9 eps files, to appear in Phys. Rev. C