cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Age-related changes in gait biomechanics and their impact on the metabolic cost of walking: Report from a National Institute on Aging workshop
Creators: name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Hunter, S.
name: Boyer, K.A.
name: Clark, B.C.
name: Brach, J.S.
name: Umberger, B.R.
name: Clark, D.J.
name: Ferrucci, L.
name: Simonsick, E.
name: Sawicki, G.
name: Roberts, T.
name: Nicklas, B.
name: Kent, J.A., Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts AmherstMA, United States
name: Finley, J.
name: Hortobágyi, T.
name: Franz, J.R.
name: Bean, J.F.
name: Hayes, K.L.
name: Adamczyk, P.G.
name: Narici, M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2023

description: Changes in old age that contribute to the complex issue of an increased metabolic cost of walking (mass-specific energy cost per unit distance traveled) in older adults appear to center at least in part on changes in gait biomechanics. However, age-related changes in energy metabolism, neuromuscular function and connective tissue properties also likely contribute to this problem, of which the consequences are poor mobility and increased risk of inactivity-related disease and disability. The U.S. National Institute on Aging convened a workshop in September 2021 with an interdisciplinary group of scientists to address the gaps in research related to the mechanisms and consequences of changes in mobility in old age. The goal of the workshop was to identify promising ways to move the field forward toward improving gait performance, decreasing energy cost, and enhancing mobility for older adults. This report summarizes the workshop and brings multidisciplinary insight into the known and potential causes and consequences of age-related changes in gait biomechanics. We highlight how gait mechanics and energy cost change with aging, the potential neuromuscular mechanisms and role of connective tissue in these changes, and cutting-edge interventions and technologies that may be used to measure and improve gait and mobility in older adults. Key gaps in the literature that warrant targeted research in the future are identified and discussed.
Genistein inhibits CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) activity and 3T3-L1 adipogenesis by increasing C/EBP homologous protein expression
Creators: name: PATEL, Yashomati M.
name: HARP, Joyce B.
name: HARMON, Anne W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein inhibits 3T3-L1 adipogenesis when present during the first 72 h of differentiation. In this report, we investigated the underlying mechanisms involved in the anti-adipogenic effects of genistein. We found that genistein blocked the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta) during differentiation by promoting the expression of C/EBP homologous protein, a dominant-negative member of the C/EBP family. Loss of C/EBPbeta activity was manifested as a loss of differentiation-induced C/EBPalpha and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma protein expression and a dramatic reduction in lipid accumulation. Further, we documented for the first time that C/EBPbeta was tyrosine-phosphorylated in vivo during differentiation and in vitro by activated epidermal growth factor receptor. Genistein inhibited both of these events. Collectively, these results indicate that genistein blocks adipogenesis and C/EBPbeta activity by increasing the level of C/EBP homologous protein and possibly by inhibiting the tyrosine phosphorylation of C/EBPbeta.
Magnetic damping in poly-crystalline Co25Fe75: Ferromagnetic resonance vs. spin wave propagation experiments
Creators: name: Körner, H. S.
name: Schoen, M. A. W.
name: Mayer, T.
name: Decker, M. M.
name: Stigloher, Johannes
name: Weindler, T.
name: Meier, Thomas Norbert  G.
name: Kronseder, Matthias
name: Back, Christian H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report on the investigation of the magnetic damping of a 10 nm thin, poly-crystalline Co25Fe75 film grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements reveal a low intrinsic magnetic damping alpha(FMR)(int) = (1.5+/-0.1) x 10(-3). In contrast, in patterned micrometer wide stripes, spin wave (SW) propagation experiments performed by time resolved scanning magneto-optical Kerr microscopy yield attenuation lengths on the order of 5-8 mu m. From this quantity, we deduce an effective magnetic SW damping alpha(SW,exp)(eff) = (3.9+/-0.3) x 10(-3). For the system studied, this significant difference between both damping parameters is attributed to the non-negligible extrinsic contributions (local inhomogeneities and two-magnon scattering) to the magnetic losses which manifest themselves as a distinct inhomogeneous FMR linewidth broadening. This explanation is supported by micromagnetic simulations. Our findings prove that poly-crystalline Co25Fe75 represents a promising binary 3d transition metal alloy to be employed in magnonic devices with much longer SW attenuation lengths compared to other metallic systems. Published by AIP Publishing.
Search Via quantum walks with intermediate measurements
Creators: name: Buksman, Efrain
name: de Oliveira, André L. Fonseca
name: de Lacalle, Jesús GarcÍa López
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modification of Tulsi's quantum search algorithm with intermediate measurements of the control is presented. In order to analyze the effect of measurements in quantum searches, a different choice of the angular parameter is used. The study is performed for several values of time lapses between measurements, finding close relationships between probabilities and correlations (Mutual Information and Cumulative Correlation Measure). The order of this modified algorithm is estimated, showing that for some time lapses the performance is improved, and became of order $O(N)$ (classical brute force search) when the measurement is taken in every step. The results indicate a possible way to analyze improvements to other quantum algorithms using one, or more, control qubits.
Developing an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Core set of Outcome Measures for FOot and ankle disorders in RheumaTic and musculoskeletal diseases (COMFORT): core domain set study protocol
Creators: name: Siddle, H.J.
name: Flurey, C.A.
name: Richards, P.
name: Redmond, A.C.
name: Maxwell, L.J.
name: Chapman, L.S.
name: Beaton, D.
name: Shea, B.
name: Helliwell, P.
name: Arnold, J.B.
name: Hofstetter, C.
name: Hannan, M.T.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Tugwell, P.
name: Conaghan, P.G.
name: Menz, H.B.
name: Smith, T.O.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2023

description: Background: Foot and ankle involvement is common in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). High-quality evidence is lacking to determine the effectiveness of treatments for these disorders. Heterogeneity in the outcomes used across clinical trials and observational studies hinders the ability to compare findings, and some outcomes are not always meaningful to patients and end-users. The Core set of Outcome Measures for FOot and ankle disorders in RheumaTic and musculoskeletal diseases (COMFORT) study aims to develop a core outcome set (COS) for use in all trials of interventions for foot and ankle disorders in RMDs. This protocol addresses core outcome domains (what to measure) only. Future work will focus on core outcome measurement instruments (how to measure). Methods: COMFORT: Core Domain Set is a mixed-methods study involving the following: (i) identification of important outcome domains through literature reviews, qualitative interviews and focus groups with patients and (ii) prioritisation of domains through an online, modified Delphi consensus study and subsequent consensus meeting with representation from all stakeholder groups. Findings will be disseminated widely to enhance uptake. Conclusions: This protocol details the development process and methodology to identify and prioritise domains for a COS in the novel area of foot and ankle disorders in RMDs. Future use of this standardised set of outcome domains, developed with all key stakeholders, will help address issues with outcome variability. This will facilitate comparing and combining study findings, thus improving the evidence base for treatments of these conditions. Future work will identify suitable outcome measurement instruments for each of the core domains. Trial registration: This study is registered with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database, as of June 2022: https://www.comet-initiative.org/Studies/Details/2081.
H2020 773782- COASTAL MAL03 Flipbook - Norrström, Baltic Sea: Workflow, issues and future needs
Creators: name: Scaini, Anna
name: Vigouroux, Guillaume
name: Destouni, Georgia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Narrative
Participatory
Road map
Multi-Actor Analysis
Stakeholder
Policy
Climate adaptation
Land-sea interaction
Eutrohpication
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Sustainability
Land-sea synergy
Water quality
Water availability
Baltic
Norrström
MAL3

description: This publication brings together the workflow of the COASTAL project translating thoughts, issues and future needs for the development of the Baltic coastal region, with particular focus on the Norrström catchment and surrounding coastal areas. This flipbook presents a synthesis of a novel approach developed to involve co-creation processes in all phases of the project, quantify key system interactions by system dynamics modelling and assess management road map performance in different future scenarios. The recommendations presented here reflect on time frames of sustainability required to reach the nutrient load reduction targets of the Baltic Sea Action plan and include examples of synergistic strategies to reach those reduction targets.
Knee joint unloading and daily physical activity associate with cartilage T2 relaxation times 1 month after ACL injury
Creators: name: Wellsandt, E.
name: Kallman, T.
name: Golightly, Y.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, but mechanismsunderlying its development are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine if gait biomechanics and daily physical activity (PA) associate with cartilage T2 relaxation times, a marker of collagen organization and water content, 1 month after ACL injury. Twenty-seven participants (15–35 years old) without chondral lesions completed magnetic resonance imaging, three-dimensional gait analysis, and 1 week of PA accelerometry. Interlimb differences and ratios were calculated for gait biomechanics and T2 relaxation times, respectively. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and concomitant meniscus injury were used to determine the association between gait biomechanics and PA with T2 relaxation times, respectively. Altered knee adduction moment (KAM) impulse, less knee flexion excursion (kEXC) and higher daily step counts accounted for 35.8%–65.8% of T2 relaxation time variation in the weightbearing and posterior cartilage of the medial and lateral compartment (all p ≤.011). KAM impulse was the strongest factor for T2 relaxation times in all models (all p ≤.001). Lower KAM impulse associated with longer T2 relaxation times in the injured medial compartment (β = −.720 to −.901) and shorter T2 relaxation in the lateral compartment (β =.713 to.956). At 1 month after ACL injury, altered KAM impulse, less kEXC, and higher PA associated with longer T2 relaxation times, which may indicate poorer cartilage health. Statement of Clinical Significance: Gait biomechanics and daily PA are modifiable targets that may improve cartilage health acutely after ACL injury and slow progression to OA.
Involvement of phospholipases D1 and D2 in sphingosine 1-phosphate-induced ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) activation and interleukin-8 secretion in human bronchial epithelial cells
Creators: name: CUMMINGS, Rhett
name: IRANI, Kaikobad
name: MORRIS, Andrew
name: WANG, Lixin
name: NATARAJAN, Viswanathan
name: USATYUK, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a metabolite of sphingomyelin degradation, stimulates interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion in human bronchial epithelial (Beas-2B) cells. The molecular mechanisms regulating S1P-mediated IL-8 secretion are yet to be completely defined. Here we provide evidence that activation of phospholipases D1 and D2 (PLD1 and PLD2) by S1P regulates the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and IL-8 secretion in Beas-2B cells. S1P, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, enhanced the threonine/tyrosine phosphorylation of ERK. The inhibition of S1P-induced ERK phosphorylation by pertussis toxin and PD 98059 indicated coupling of S1P receptors to G(i) and the ERK signalling cascade respectively. Treatment of Beas-2B cells with butan-1-ol, but not butan-3-ol, abrogated the S1P-induced phosphorylation of Raf-1 and ERK, suggesting that PLD is involved in this activation. The roles of PLD1 and PLD2 in ERK activation and IL-8 secretion activated by S1P were investigated by infecting cells with adenoviral constructs of wild-type and catalytically inactive mutants of PLD1 and PLD2. Infection of Beas-2B cells with the wild-type constructs resulted in the activation of PLD1 and PLD2 by S1P and PMA. Also, the enhanced production of [(32)P]phosphatidic acid and [(32)P]phosphatidylbutanol in the presence of butan-1-ol and the increased phosphorylation of ERK by S1P were blocked by the catalytically inactive mutants hPLD1-K898R and mPLD2-K758R. Transient transfection of Beas-2B cells with human PLD1 and mouse PLD2 cDNAs potentiated S1P-mediated IL-8 secretion compared with vector controls. In addition, PD 98059 attenuated IL-8 secretion induced by S1P in a dose-dependent fashion. These results demonstrate that both PLD1 and PLD2 participate in S1P stimulation of ERK phosphorylation and IL-8 secretion in bronchial epithelial cells.
PROFESSIONAL FUTBOL KLUBLARIDA MEHNAT MUNOSABATLARINING TARTIBGA SOLINISHINING  HUQUQIY AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Ibrohimxonov Oybekxon Musaxonovich O'zbekiston professional futbol ligasi yuristkonsulti, huquq magistri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tadqiqot ishida mamlakatimizda faoliyat yuritayotgan professional futbol klublaridagi mehnat munosabatlarining huquqiy ahamiyati, uning tartibga solinganligi va bu haqidagi turli xil ilmiy-huquqiy tahlillar bayon etilganligi, uni tartibga solishda va ahamiyatini yoritishda turli xil nazariy-ilmiy metodlar qo‘llanilganligi, shuningdek, shu kunga qadar sohada davlatning bu sohani tartibga solinishidagi nodavlat notijorat tashkilotlar bilan o‘zaro hamkorliklari tizimli ravishda amalga oshirilganligini ko‘rish mumkin.

Kalit so‘zlar: mehnat shartnomasi, mehnat kodeksi, professional futbol klubi, professional futbol ligasi, mehnat shartnomasini raqamlashtirish, professional va xavaskor futbolchi, futbolchining maqomi
title: Regulation of Rabbit Testicular Capsular Motility: Prostaglandins, Sex Steroids, and Sympathomimetic Agents
Creators: name: Seeley, Rod R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1973

description: Smooth-muscle active compounds were extracted from rat and rabbit testicular homogenates, and from bathing media of rabbit testicular capsular preparations and were tentatively characterized as prostaglandins. The endogenous prostaglandins were responsible for spontaneous testicular capsular contractions in vitro, but were not solely responsible for spontaneous testicular capsular motility in vivo. In this respect, significantly greater concentrations of prostaglandins were extracted from bathing media from spontaneously contracting capsules in vitro than from inactive capsules in vitro or spontaneously contracting capsules in vivo. No significant difference was observed in the amount of prostaglandin extracted from the bathing media of inactive in vitro and spontaneously active in vivo preparations.
Various sex steroids (progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione, 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone, 5α-androstan-17 β-ol-3-one, and pregnenolone) inhibited spontaneous or prostaglandin-induced contractions in vitro and contractions potentiated by serotonin or acetylcholine, but the steroids did not inhibit spontaneous in vivo capsular motility or capsular motility generated by epinephrine in vitro. In this respect, α - and β-adrenergic receptors were present in rabbit testicular capsules, and α-adrenergic blocking agents inhibited spontaneously contracting in vivo capsules suggesting that sympathetic nervous innervation may regulate testicular motility.
Log dose-response curves for the effect of prostaglandin E1, E2, F1α, F2α and epinephrine on in vitro rabbit testicular capsules were determined, log dose-response curves for prostaglandin E1, F2α, and epinephrine indicate that they are equivalent for both in vivo and in vitro preparations. All of these compounds generated stimulatory responses, but prostaglandin E1 and E2 were inhibitory at higher concentrations. The data suggested that the inhibitory response of the capsule to higher concentrations of prostaglandin E1 and E2 were mediated by cyclic AMP. Theophylline (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor), isoproterenol (a β-adrenergic agonist), and cyclic AMP inhibited testicular capsular motility. Moreover, subthreshold concentrations of cyclic AMP potentiated the inhibitory response to PGE.
Brot statt Steine
Creators: name: Scheuermann, Michael
name: Kirchmayr, Alfred
name: Spijker, A. M. J. M. Herman Van De
name: Häring, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1989): Diakonia, Band 20, Heft 2
Primary arrest of circulating platelets on collagen involves phosphorylation of Syk, cortactin and focal adhesion kinase: studies under flow conditions
Creators: name: ARDERIU, Gemma
name: BUCKLEY, Byron
name: ESCOLAR, Ginés
name: ORDINAS, Antonio
name: DÍAZ-RICART, Maribel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: After a vessel wall injury, platelets adhere to the subendothelium following a sequence of events: arrest of single platelets on the surface, progression to platelet spreading and final aggregation. Primary arrest of circulating platelets on subendothelial components occurs through platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib and collagen receptors; then platelets spread and aggregate through a GPIIb-IIIa-dependent mechanism. A series of strategies were applied to analyse the tyrosine-phosphorylation mechanisms occurring at the different stages of platelet adhesion on subendothelial components under flow conditions, with special attention to primary arrest. To evaluate spread platelets, samples were exposed to acetylsalicylic acid, which blocks aggregate formation. To study single platelets in contact, a monoclonal antibody specific for GPIIb-IIIa was used to prevent platelet spreading and further aggregation. This experimental situation was also investigated using blood from two patients with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (i.e. lacking GPIIb-IIIa). Results demonstrated that blockade of both spreading and aggregation results in significant changes in the tyrosine-phosphorylation patterns. Arrest of single platelets on collagen-rich surfaces resulted in phosphorylation of p125, identified as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), the 80/85 kDa doublet (cortactin), and p72, identified as Syk. Arrest of single platelets on von Willebrand factor as adhesive substrate showed that interaction through GPIb induces Syk phosphorylation, but not that of cortactin and FAK. Our data indicate that the initial arrest of platelets on subendothelial components involves Syk phosphorylation, which seems to be GPIb-dependent, and this is followed by activation and phosphorylation of cortactin and FAK. These processes seem to occur before GPIIb-IIIa becomes activated.
Mamersa indica Nayar 1969
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hydryphantidae
Mamersa
Mamersa indica

description: Mamersa indica (Nayar, 1969)
Records from the study area: Kerala—“ Armothyas indicus “ Nayar (1969a).
Habitat: Ponds.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
MPEC 2023-F215 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 March 29)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Quantum Private Function Evaluation
Creators: name: Cao, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Private function evaluation is a task that aims to obtain the output of a function while keeping the function secret. So far its quantum analogue has not yet been articulated. In this study, we initiate the study of quantum private function evaluation, the quantum analogue of classical private function evaluation. We give a formal definition of quantum private function evaluation and present two schemes together with their security proofs. We then give an experimental demonstration of the scheme. Finally we apply quantum private function evaluation to quantum copy protection to illustrate its usage.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment, data management report for Chapter 3.Section 3.2.4.3: Breeding and genomic technologies
Creators: name: Xavier, Rafael O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data management report

description: Section 3.2.4.3 assesses the role of breeding and genomic technologies as drivers of biological invasions in Chapter 3 of IPBES thematic assessment of invasive alien species and their control. The experts conducted a systematic review to report on the existing knowledge on this driver. This systematic review consists in the main source of evidence for the section.
Cormas: The Software for Participatory Modelling and its Application for Managing Natural Resources in Senegal
Creators: name: Zaitsev, Oleksandr
name: Vendel, François
name: Delay, Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cormas is an agent-based simulation platform developed in the late 90s by the Green research at CIRAD unit to support the management of natural resources and understand the interactions between natural and social dynamics. This platform is well-suited for a participatory simulation approach that empowers local stakeholders by including them in all modelling and knowledge-sharing steps. In this short paper, we present the Cormas platform and discuss its unique features and their importance for the participatory simulation approach. We then present the early results of our ongoing study on managing pastoral resources in the Sahel region, identify the problems faced by local stakeholders, and discuss the potential use of Cormas at the next stage of our study to collectively model and understand the effective ways of managing the shared agro-sylvo-pastoral resources.
The evidence for two opposite, ATP-generating and ATP-consuming, extracellular pathways on endothelial and lymphoid cells
Creators: name: HENTTINEN, Tiina
name: JALKANEN, Sirpa
name: SPYCHALA, Jozef
name: SAMBURSKI, Sergei S.
name: YEGUTKIN, Gennady G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Extracellular purines are important signalling molecules in the vasculature that are regulated by a network of cell surface ectoenzymes. By using human endothelial cells and normal and leukaemic lymphocytes as enzyme sources, we identified the following purine-converting ectoenzymes: (1) ecto-nucleotidases, NTP diphosphohydrolase/CD39 (EC 3.6.1.5) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 (EC 3.1.3.5); (2) ecto-nucleotide kinases, adenylate kinase (EC 2.7.4.3) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (EC 2.7.4.6); (3) ecto-adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4). Evidence for this was obtained by using enzyme assays with (3)H-labelled nucleotides and adenosine as substrates, direct evaluation of gamma-phosphate transfer from [gamma-(32)P]ATP to AMP/NDP, and bioluminescent measurement of extracellular ATP synthesis. In addition, incorporation of radioactivity into an approx. 20 kDa surface protein was observed following incubation of Namalwa B cells with [gamma-(32)P]ATP. Thus two opposite, ATP-generating and ATP-consuming, pathways coexist on the cell surface, where basal ATP release, re-synthesis of high-energy phosphoryls, and selective ecto-protein phosphorylation are counteracted by stepwise nucleotide breakdown with subsequent adenosine inactivation. The comparative measurements of enzymic activities indicated the predominance of the nucleotide-inactivating pathway via ecto-nucleotidase reactions on the endothelial cells. The lymphocytes are characterized by counteracting ATP-regenerating/adenosine-eliminating phenotypes, thus allowing them to avoid the lymphotoxic effects of adenosine and maintain surrounding ATP at a steady-state level. These results are in agreement with divergent effects of ATP and adenosine on endothelial function and haemostasis, and provide a novel regulatory mechanism of local agonist availability for nucleotide- or nucleoside-selective receptors within the vasculature.
The origin of the cosmic gamma-ray background in the MeV range
Creators: name: Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar
name: The, Lih-Sin
name: Hartmann, Dieter
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Canal, Ramon
name: Röpke, Friedrich K
name: Ohlmann, Sebastian T.
name: Hillebrandt, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been much debate about the origin of the diffuse $γ$--ray background in the MeV range. At lower energies, AGNs and Seyfert galaxies can explain the background, but not above $\simeq$0.3 MeV. Beyond $\sim$10 MeV blazars appear to account for the flux observed. That leaves an unexplained gap for which different candidates have been proposed, including annihilations of WIMPS. One candidate are Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Early studies concluded that they were able to account for the $γ$--ray background in the gap, while later work attributed a significantly lower contribution to them. All those estimates were based on SN Ia explosion models which did not reflect the full 3D hydrodynamics of SNe Ia explosions. In addition, new measurements obtained since 2010 have provided new, direct estimates of high-z SNe Ia rates beyond $z\sim$2. We take into account these new advances to see the predicted contribution to the gamma--ray background. We use here a wide variety of explosion models and a plethora of new measurements of SNe Ia rates. SNe Ia still fall short of the observed background. Only for a fit, which would imply $\sim$150\% systematic error in detecting SNe Ia events, do the theoretical predictions approach the observed fluxes. This fit is, however, at odds at the highest redshifts with recent SN Ia rates estimates. Other astrophysical sources such as FSRQs do match the observed flux levels in the MeV regime, while SNe Ia make up to 30--50\% of the observed flux.
description: 40 pages, 13 Figures, accepted to be published in ApJ
On parabolic induction on inner forms of the general linear group over a non-archimedean local field
Creators: name: Lapid, Erez
name: Mínguez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give new criteria for the irreducibility of parabolic induction on the general linear group and its inner forms over a local non-archimedean field. In particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition when the inducing data is of the form $π\otimesσ$ where $π$ is a ladder representation and $σ$ is an arbitrary irreducible representation. As an application we simplify the proof of the classification of the unitary dual.
description: slightly enhanced version including proof of the conjecture in previous versions (section 5.3)
Z-Score Burden Metric: A Method for Assessing Burden of Injury and Disease
Creators: name: Naumann, R.B.
name: Wiebe, D.J.
name: Ranapurwala, S.I.
name: Wolff, C.S.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Marshall, S.W.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Traditional methods of summarizing burden of disease have limitations in terms of identifying communities within a population that are in need of prevention and intervention resources. This paper proposes a new method of burden assessment for use in guiding these decisions. Methods: This new method for assessing burden utilizes the sum of population-weighted age-specific z-scores. This new Z-Score Burden Metric was applied to firearm-related deaths in North Carolina counties using 2010‒2017 North Carolina Violent Death Reporting System data. The Z-Score Burden Metric consists of 4 measures describing various aspects of burden. The Z-Score Burden Metric Overall Burden Measure was compared with 2 traditional measures (unadjusted and age-adjusted death rates) for each county to assess similarities and differences in the relative burden of firearm-related death. Results: Of all 100 North Carolina counties, 73 met inclusion criteria (≥5 actual and expected deaths during the study period in each age strata). Ranking by the Overall Burden Measure produced an ordering of counties different from that of ranking by traditional measures. A total of 8 counties (11.0%) differed in burden rank by at least 10% when comparing the Overall Burden Measure with age-adjusted and unadjusted rates. All the counties with large differences between the measures were substantially burdened by firearm-related death. Conclusions: The use of the Z-Score Burden Metric provides an alternative way of measuring realized community burden of injury while still facilitating comparisons between communities with different age distributions. This method can be used for any injury or disease outcome and may help to prioritize the allocation of resources to communities suffering high burdens of injury and disease.
Kulkarni_Nirmal RRR BOOK-AFFECT.pdf
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Nirmal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120103 Architectural History and Theory
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Note: This review deviates from the standard academic format. It provides in the footnotes, referenced extracts from the book for co-relating with the review, as well as other references relevant to the reviewer’s perspective, along with a pedagogical question at the end.
Understanding Youth Sport Coaches' Perceptions of Evidence-Based Injury-Prevention Training Programs: A Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Minnig, M.C.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Register-Mihalik, J.K.
name: Hawkinson, L.E.
name: Padua, D.A.
name: Yates, L.
Publisher: name: National Athletic Trainers' Association Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Objective: To systematically review and summarize the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and contextual perceptions of youth sport coaches toward injury-prevention training programs by using the Theoretical Domains Framework to guide the organization of results. Data Sources: Systematic searches of PubMed and Google Scholar were undertaken in November 2021. Study Selection: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol was followed. Results were limited to full-text articles that were published in peer-reviewed journals and printed in English. Additional studies were added after a citation search of included studies. Studies were eligible for inclusion if researchers evaluated youth sport coaches' knowledge, beliefs, contextual perceptions, or all 3 of anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention training programs. Data Extraction: Data charting was performed by 1 author and confirmed by a separate author. Data Synthesis: Of the 1194 articles identified, 19 were included in the final sample. Among articles in which researchers assessed knowledge (n = 19), coaches' awareness of the existence and components of injury-prevention training programs was inconsistent. Among articles in which researchers assessed beliefs (n = 19), many coaches had positive attitudes toward injury-prevention training programs, but few believed youth athletes are at a high risk of injury. Among articles in which researchers assessed contextual perceptions (n = 13), many coaches did not feel they had access to information about injuryprevention training programs and cited a lack of time, space, support, and other resources as barriers to implementation. Conclusions: Our findings support the need for programs, protocols, and policies to enhance knowledge of and support for youth sport coaches who wish to implement injury-prevention training programs. A gap exists in the research about addressing the needs of youth sport coaches in the United States high school sports setting. The use of multilevel implementation science frameworks (such as the Theoretical Domains Framework) will be beneficial for identifying constructs that affect implementation and developing train-the-trainer programming to meet the needs of individual youth sport coaches.
Antibacterial properties of the sperm-binding proteins and peptides of human epididymis 2 (HE2) family; salt sensitivity, structural dependence and their interaction with outer and cytoplasmic membranes of Escherichia coli
Creators: name: FRENCH, Frank S.
name: HAMIL, Katherine G.
name: RUBEN, Steven M.
name: BIRSE, Charles E.
name: YENUGU, Suresh
name: HALL, Susan H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: During passage through the epididymis, sperm interact with secreted epididymal proteins that promote maturation, including the acquisition of motility and fertilization competence. Viewed previously as distinct from sperm maturation, host defence capabilities are now recognized functions of the human epididymis 2 (HE2) family of sperm-binding proteins. We analysed the potent dose and time-dependent bactericidal activity of recombinant HE2alpha, HE2beta1 and HE2beta2 and found that the full-length proteins (10 microg/ml or approximately 1 microM) caused more than a 50% decrease in Escherichia coli colony forming units within 15 min. By contrast, human beta-defensin-1, at a similar concentration, required more than 90 min to exhibit similar antibacterial activity. The epididymis-specific lipocalin, LCN6, failed to kill bacteria. Higher concentrations (25-100 microg/ml) of HE2 proteins and a longer duration of treatment resulted in near total inhibition of bacterial growth. The C-terminal peptides of HE2alpha, HEbeta1 and HEbeta2 proteins exhibited antibacterial activity similar to their full-length counterparts, indicating that the antibacterial activity of HE2 proteins resides in these C-terminal regions. Antibacterial activities of HE2 proteins and peptides were slightly inhibited by NaCl concentrations of up to 150 mM, while human beta-defensin-1 activity was nearly eliminated. Reduction and alkylation of disulphide bonds in HE2 proteins and their C-terminal peptides abolished their antibacterial activity. Consistent with the ability to kill bacteria, full-length HE2 proteins and C-terminal peptides caused rapid dose-dependent permeabilization of outer and cytoplasmic E. coli membranes. A much longer exposure time was required for human beta-defensin-1-mediated permeabilization of membranes, suggesting a possible difference in mode of action compared with the HE2 antibacterial peptides.
Spectral-Domain Computation of Fields Radiated by Sources in Non-Birefringent Anisotropic Media
Creators: name: Sainath, Kamalesh
name: Teixeira, Fernando L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the key expressions to robustly address the eigenfunction expansion-based analysis of electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by current sources within planar non-birefringent anisotropic medium (NBAM) layers. In NBAM, the highly symmetric permeability and permittivity tensors can induce directionally-dependent, but polarization independent, propagation properties supporting "degenerate" characteristic polarizations, i.e. four linearly-independent eigenvectors associated with only two (rather than four) unique, non-defective eigenvalues. We first explain problems that can arise when the source(s) specifically reside within NBAM planar layers when using canonical field expressions. To remedy these problems, we exhibit alternative spectral-domain field expressions, immune to such problems, that form the foundation for a robust eigenfunction expansion-based analysis of time-harmonic EM radiation and scattering within such type of planar-layered media. Numerical results demonstrate the high accuracy and stability achievable using this algorithm.
description: The official (preliminary) published version of this manuscript, along with copyright information, can be found using the provided DOI. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., 2015
International Foot and Ankle Osteoarthritis Consortium review and research agenda for diagnosis, epidemiology, burden, outcome assessment and treatment
Creators: name: Siddle, H.J.
name: Bowen, C.J.
name: Halstead, J.
name: Munteanu, S.E.
name: Arnold, J.B.
name: International Foot and Ankle Osteoarthritis Consortium
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Gates, L.S.
name: Chapman, L.S.
name: Paterson, K.L.
name: Thomas, M.J.
name: Menz, H.B.
name: Hannan, M.T.
name: Roddy, E.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Objective: To summarise the available evidence relating to the diagnosis, epidemiology, burden, outcome assessment and treatment of foot and ankle osteoarthritis (OA) and to develop an agenda to guide future research. Method: Members of the International Foot and Ankle Osteoarthritis Consortium compiled a narrative summary of the literature which formed the basis of an interactive discussion at the Osteoarthritis Research Society International World Congress in 2021, during which a list of 24 research agenda items were generated. Following the meeting, delegates were asked to rank the research agenda items on a 0 to 100 visual analogue rating scale (0 = not at all important to 100 = extremely important). Items scoring a mean of 70 or above were selected for inclusion. Results: Of the 45 delegates who attended the meeting, 31 contributed to the agenda item scoring. Nineteen research agenda items met the required threshold: three related to diagnosis, four to epidemiology, four to burden, three to outcome assessment and five to treatment. Conclusions: Key knowledge gaps related to foot and ankle OA were identified, and a comprehensive agenda to guide future research planning was developed. Implementation of this agenda will assist in improving the understanding and clinical management of this common and disabling, yet relatively overlooked condition.
H2020 773782-COASTAL MAL03 Causal Loop Diagrams for the Norrström-Baltic region
Creators: name: Destouni, Georgia
name: Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, Samaneh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Multi-Actor Lab
Causal Loop Diagram
Norrström
Baltic
Land-sea interactions
Multiple sectors
Participatory
Stakeholder
Co-creation
Climate adaptation
Water
Environmental challenges
Human population
Lifestyle
Regional economy
Policy
Infrastructure
MAL3

description: In the framework of the MAL3, six sector stakeholder workshops were organized with representatives from tourism, public administrations, research and environmental NGOs and consultancies. During each of these workshops stakeholders jointly developed mental maps of the functioning of the Norrström and Baltic. The methodology applied in the workshop helped to develop Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD). The co-created CLD for MAL3 include: SW1-Green growth and terrestrial-freshwater ecosystems; SW2-Industry, water-wastewater and solid waste infrastructure, and innovation; SW3-Urban-rural communities and land spatial planning; SW4-Blue growth and coastal-marine ecosystems; SW5-Coastal tourism, recreation, harbors, and other coastal activities; SW6-Marine tourism, fisheries, marine spatial planning and other marine activities. After the workshops, the sectoral CLD were merged into one CLD describing all interactions mentioned by the stakeholders. The simplified mind maps were unified by combining similar variables repeated in the mind maps as well as identifying cause-effect and feedback loops in the whole system, which resulted in a Regional Causal Loop Diagram for Norrström/Baltic Sea. Stakeholders also identified direction and weights of interactions that helped convert the CLD into Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM), used to illustrate the impacts of different scenarios of implementation of individual or multiple solutions. The files include the sectoral and combined Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs), reported in COASTAL deliverable D04, and are organized as follows. For each sectoral CLD there is a file in Vensim file format and an image as .jpeg. Vensim files can be opened with the free Vensim PLE software. The merged CLD is also provided both as a file in Vensim file format and as .jpeg.
Accelerometer-Based Physical Activity Patterns and Associations with Outcomes among Individuals with Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Hales, D.P.
name: Arbeeva, L.
name: Cleveland, R.J.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Hu, D.G.
name: Allen, K.D.
name: Beauchamp, T.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2022

description: Background This study examined patterns of physical activity and associations with pain, function, fatigue, and sleep disturbance among individuals with knee or hip osteoarthritis. Methods Participants (n = 54) were enrolled in a telephone-based physical activity coaching intervention trial; all data were collected at baseline. Self-reported measures of pain and function (WOMAC [Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index] subscales), fatigue (10-point numeric rating scale), and PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Information System) Sleep Disturbance were collected via telephone. Accelerometers were mailed to participants and were worn for at least 3 days. Proportion of time participants spent in sedentary behavior during the morning (from wake until 12:00 pm), afternoon (12:00 pm until 5:59 pm) and evening (6:00 pm until sleep) each day was averaged across all days of wear. Pearson correlations assessed associations between activity and self-reported measures. Results Participants spent a large proportion of time in sedentary behavior: 65.6% of mornings, 70.0% of afternoons, and 76.6% of evenings. Associations between proportion of time spent in sedentary behavior and reported outcomes were generally strongest in the afternoon, strongest for WOMAC function, and lowest for PROMIS Sleep Disturbance. In the evening hours, sedentary time was most strongly associated with fatigue. Conclusions Overall, findings stress the importance of reducing sedentary behavior among adults with osteoarthritis and suggest behavioral interventions may be strengthened by considering patients' within-day variation in symptoms and activity.
A finiteness theorem on symplectic singularities
Creators: name: Namikawa, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For positive integers N and d, there are only finite number of conical symplectic varieties of dimension 2d with maximal weights N, up to isomorphism. The maximal weight of a conical symplectic variety X is, by definition, the maximal weight of the minimal homogeneous generators of the coordinate ring R of X.
description: Final version, to appear in Compositio Math
Calpain facilitates GLUT4 vesicle translocation during insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes
Creators: name: HARMON, Anne W.
name: PATEL, Yashomati M.
name: WINSTON, Courtney P.
name: PAUL, David S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Calpains are a family of non-lysosomal cysteine proteases. Recent studies have identified a member of the calpain family of proteases, calpain 10, as a putative diabetes-susceptibility gene that may be involved in the development of type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of calpain activity has been shown to reduce insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in isolated rat-muscle strips and adipocytes. In this report, we examine the mechanism by which calpain affects insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Inhibition of calpain activity resulted in approx. a 60% decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Furthermore, inhibition of calpain activity prevented the translocation of insulin-responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) vesicles to the plasma membrane, as demonstrated by fluorescent microscopy of whole cells and isolated plasma membranes; it did not, however, alter the total GLUT4 protein content. While inhibition of calpain did not affect the insulin-mediated proximal steps of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, it did prevent the insulin-stimulated cortical actin reorganization required for GLUT4 translocation. Specific inhibition of calpain 10 by antisense expression reduced insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and actin reorganization. Based on these findings, we propose a role for calpain in the actin reorganization required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These studies identify calpain as a novel factor involved in GLUT4 vesicle trafficking and suggest a link between calpain activity and the development of type 2 diabetes.
Focal adhesion kinase N-terminus in breast carcinoma cells induces rounding, detachment and apoptosis
Creators: name: CANCE, William G.
name: CRAVEN, Rolf J.
name: XU, LiHui
name: YANG, XiHui
name: GOLUBOVSKAYA, Vita
name: BEVIGLIA, Lucia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has a central role in adhesion-mediated cell signalling. The N-terminus of FAK is thought to function as a docking site for a number of proteins, including the Src-family tyrosine kinases. In the present study, we disrupted FAK signalling by expressing the N-terminal domain of FAK (FAK-NT) in human breast carcinoma cells, BT474 and MCF-7 lines, and non-malignant epithelial cells, MCF-10A line. Expression of FAK-NT led to rounding, detachment and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Apoptosis was accompanied by dephosphorylation of FAK Tyr(397), degradation of the endogenous FAK protein and activation of caspase-3. Over-expression of FAK rescued FAK-NT-mediated cellular rounding. Expression of FAK-NT in non-malignant breast epithelial cells did not lead to rounding, loss of FAK phosphorylation or apoptosis. Thus FAK-NT contributes to cellular adhesion and survival pathways in breast cancer cells which are not required for survival in non-malignant breast epithelial cells.