cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Die Rolle von sozialen Konflikten für die Erhaltung von historischen Grünräumen in der Stadt. Fallbeispiel Park des heiligen Jura in Lviv, Ukraine
Creators: name: Provozin, Oleksandra
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2024

description: Zusammenfassung
Die Rolle von sozialen Konflikten bei der Erhaltung historischer städtischer Grünflächen Sv. Yura Park in Lviv, Ukraine.
Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es, ein besseres Verständnis der verschiedenen Gründe für die Entstehung von sozialen Konflikten um städtische Grünflächen und deren Nachhaltigkeit für die Erhaltung des grünen Stadterbes zu entwickeln. Öffentliche Parks, die gleichzeitig ein natürlicher Ort und ein Ort der Stadtgeschichte sind, rufen ein breites Spektrum an Motiven hervor, mit denen die Bürger versuchen, diese Räume zu schützen. In dem Konflikt um den St.-Georgs-Park (Sviatoho Yura Garden Square) in der westukrainischen Stadt Lviv waren viele verschiedene Aspekte miteinander verwoben, was zeigt, wie vielschichtig und komplex das Phänomen der Stadtparks für ihre Nutzer ist. Der interessanteste und umstrittenste Punkt in diesem lokalen Konflikt war, dass der Haupt-"Gegner" des Parks ein Denkmal war, was einen symbolischen Kampf zwischen diesen beiden Medien des kulturellen Gedächtnisses der Stadt auslöste. Dank der starken Position der städtischen Aktivisten überdachte die Stadtverwaltung das Projekt der Platzrekonstruktion und schaffte es auf diese Weise, das Denkmal zu installieren und den historischen Park zu erhalten. Darüber hinaus hat der Konflikt eine Reihe weiterer positiver Veränderungen im kulturellen Bewusstsein der Einwohner von Lviv bewirkt. Verschiedene aktuelle Ereignisse in Lviv zeugen von diesen Veränderungen.
description: The role of social conflicts in the preservation of historic urban green spaces Sv. Yura Park in Lviv, Ukraine.
This Master thesis seeks to develop a better understanding of different reasons for the emergence of social conflicts around urban green spaces and their sustainability for preservation of the green city heritage. Public parks, which are a natural site and an urban history spot at the same time, generate a wide range of motives through which citizens attempt to protect these spaces. In the conflict around the St. George's Park (Sviatoho Yura Garden Square) in the Western Ukrainian city of Lviv, many different aspects were intertwined, illustrating how multifaceted and complex the phenomenon of city parks is for their users. The most interesting and controversial point in this local conflict was, that main “opponent” of the park was a monument, which caused a symbolic struggle of these two mediums of cultural memory of the city. Thanks to the strong position of the urban activists, local government reconsidered the project of the square reconstruction, this way managing to install the monument and preserve the historical park. In addition to this fact, the conflict has boosted a number of other positive changes in the cultural consciousness of Lviv inhabitants. Various current events in Lviv evidence these changes.
Investigation of the relation between local diffusivity and local inherent structures in the Kob-Andersen Lennard-Jones model
Creators: name: La Nave, Emilia
name: Sastry, Srikanth
name: Sciortino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze one thousand independent equilibrium trajectories of a system of 155 Lennard Jones particles to separate in a model-free approach the role of temperature and the role of the explored potential energy landscape basin depth in the particle dynamics. We show that the diffusion coefficient $D$ can be estimated as a sum over over contributions of the sampled basins, establishing a connection between thermodynamics and dynamics in the potential energy landscape framework. We provide evidence that the observed non-linearity in the relation between local diffusion and basin depth is responsible for the peculiar dynamic behavior observed in supercooled states and provide an interpretation for the presence of dynamic heterogeneities.
description: minor text changes, references added
Modelling the Dynamics of Weed Management Technologies
Creators: name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Sinden, Jack A.
name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Sinden, Jack A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: weeds
subject: modelling
subject: dynamic analysis.

description: An appropriate economic framework for valuing the benefits of weed management technologies is to treat weeds as a renewable resource stock problem. Consequently, the weed seed bank is defined as a renewable resource that changes through time due to management and seasonal conditions. The goal of decision-makers is to manage this (negative) resource so as to maximise returns over some pre-specified period of time. A modelling framework is presented for evaluating the biological and economic effects of weed management. The framework includes population dynamics, water balance, crop growth, pasture growth and crop/pasture rotation models for measuring the physical interactions between weeds and the environment. These models link in with numerical optimal control, dynamic programming and stochastic dynamic programming models for determination of optimal decision rules and measuring economic impact over time of policy scenarios.
Coupling constants g_a0-omega-gamma as derived from light cone QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Aydin, C.
name: Yilmaz, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the a0-omega-gamma vertex and estimate the coupling constant in the framework of the light cone QCD sum rules. We compare our result with the value of the coupling constant was calculated in the QCD sum rules.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
The evolution of Ks-selected galaxies in the GOODS/CDFS deep ISAAC field
Creators: name: Caputi, K. I.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: McLure, R. J.
name: Roche, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present estimated redshifts and derived properties for a sample of 1663 galaxies with Ks <= 22 (Vega), selected from 50.4 sq.arcmin of the GOODS/CDFS field with deep ISAAC imaging, and make an extensive comparison of their properties with those of the extremely red galaxies (ERGs) selected in the same field. We study in detail the evolution of Ks-selected galaxies up to redshifts z ~ 4 and clarify the role of ERGs within the total Ks-band galaxy population. We compute the total Ks-band luminosity function (LF) and compare its evolution with the ERG LF. Up to =2.5, the bright end of the Ks-band LF shows no sign of decline, and is progressively well reproduced by the ERGs with increasing redshift. We also explore the evolution of massive systems present in our sample: up to 20%-25% of the population of local galaxies with assembled stellar mass M>1x10^11 Msun has been formed before redshift z ~ 4, and contains ~ 45% to 70% of the stellar mass density of the Universe at that redshift. Within our sample, the comoving number density of these massive systems is then essentially constant down to redshift z ~ 1.5, by which point most of them have apparently evolved into (I-Ks)-selected ERGs. The remaining massive systems observed in the local Universe are assembled later, at redshifts z <= 1.5. Our results therefore suggest a two-fold assembly history for massive galaxies, in which galaxy/star formation proceeds very efficiently in high mass haloes at very high redshift.
description: Revised version accepted by MNRAS. 17 pages, 15 figures
The saturn ring effect in nematic liquid crystals with external field: effective energy and hysteresis
Creators: name: Alouges, François
name: Chambolle, Antonin
name: Stantejsky, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35J50, 49J45, 49S05, 76A15

description: In this work we consider the Landau-de Gennes model for liquid crystals with an external electromagnetic field to model the occurrence of the saturn ring effect under the assumption of rotational equivariance. After a rescaling of the energy, a variational limit is derived. Our analysis relies on precise estimates around the singularities and the study of a radial auxiliary problem in regions, where a continuous director field exists. Studying the limit problem, we explain the transition between the dipole and saturn ring configuration and the occurrence of a hysteresis phenomenon, giving a rigorous explanation of what was conjectured previously by [H. Stark, Eur. Phys. J. B 10, 311-321 (1999)].
description: 42 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Length of hospital stay after hip fracture and readmission rates of persons with and without Alzheimer’s disease: a matched cohort study
Creators: name: Rajamaki, Blair
name: Koponen, Marjaana
name: Hartikainen, Sirpa
name: Anna-Maija Tolppanen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1:. Figure S1 Determination of length of stay in a community hospital setting and Tables S1-S4: Characteristics of the 30-day and 90-day readmission in AD and non-AD cohorts.
Foreign Direct Investment in Manufacturing Sector in Malaysia
Creators: name: Abdul Karim, Noor Al-Huda
name: Winters, Paul C.
name: Coelli, Tim J.
name: Fleming, Euan M.
name: Abdul Karim, Noor Al-Huda
name: Winters, Paul C.
name: Coelli, Tim J.
name: Fleming, Euan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: foreign direct investment
subject: manufacturing sector

description: This paper analyses the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the manufacturing sector in Malaysia from eleven countries during the period 1988 to 2000. The empirical results indicate that gross domestic product, lending interest rate, labour productivity, exports to home country and imports from home country significantly influenced the level of FDI inflows into Malaysia. However, exchange rate, exchange rate variation, wage and openness index were not important in influencing FDI.
Additional file 2 of The ReWalk ReStore™ soft robotic exosuit: a multi-site clinical trial of the safety, reliability, and feasibility of exosuit-augmented post-stroke gait rehabilitation
Creators: name: Awad, Louis N.
name: Esquenazi, Alberto
name: Francisco, Gerard E.
name: Nolan, Karen J.
name: Jayaraman, Arun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Physical Therapist Satisfaction Questionnaire.
Reducing Undesirable Environmental Impacts in the Marine Environment: A Review of Market-Based Incentive Management Measures
Creators: name: Innes, James
name: Pascoe, Sean
name: Wilcox, Chris
name: Innes, James
name: Pascoe, Sean
name: Wilcox, Chris
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Using the example of commercial fishing, this paper explores the potential of incentive based management measures as a means of reducing the undesirable impacts of industries operating within the marine environment. Despite having been successfully applied for similar purposes in the management of terrestrial environments, and their potential to achieve environmental gains in an economically efficient manner, examples of incentive based management mechanisms are still relatively limited in the marine context. We assess the potential of a number of alternative market based management measures by reviewing and considering the successes and limitations of previous applications and how these would translate in the case of commercial fishing. Several fishing methods and conservation values are considered and the circumstances in which incentive measures may be most applicable are identified. Where appropriate, and by either replacing or (more likely) complimenting existing management arrangements, incentive based measures have the potential to improve upon the performance of existing measures. This has a number of implications. From the environmental perspective they should allow the expected level of undesirable impact to be reduced. They can also reduce the costs imposed upon the industry by letting them develop the solutions. Further, in the increasingly relevant case of MPAs the potential costs to Government may also be significantly reduced if increasing environmental performance makes it possible for certain industry members to continue operating, reducing the necessity of often costly structural adjustment programs.
Returns to Migration, Education, and Externalities in the European Union
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Pose, Andres
name: Tselios, Vassilis
name: Rodriguez-Pose, Andres
name: Tselios, Vassilis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Individual Earnings
subject: Migration
subject: Educational Attainment
subject: Externalities
subject: Household
subject: Regions
subject: Europe

description: Relatively little attention has been paid to the role that externalities play in determining the pecuniary returns to migration. This paper addresses this gap, using microeconomic data for more than 100,000 individuals living in the European Union (EU) for the period 1994-2001 in order to analyse whether the individual economic returns to education vary between migrants and nonmigrants and whether any observed differences in earnings between migrants and locals are affected by household and/or geographical (regional and interregional) externalities. The results point out that while education is a fundamental determinant of earnings., European labour markets – contrary to expectations – do not discriminate in the returns to education between migrants and non-migrants. The paper also finds that household, regional, and interregional externalities influence the economic returns to education, but that they do so in a similar way for local, intranational, and supra-national migrants. The results are robust to the introduction of a large number of individual, household, and regional controls.
Additional file 3 of The ReWalk ReStore™ soft robotic exosuit: a multi-site clinical trial of the safety, reliability, and feasibility of exosuit-augmented post-stroke gait rehabilitation
Creators: name: Awad, Louis N.
name: Esquenazi, Alberto
name: Francisco, Gerard E.
name: Nolan, Karen J.
name: Jayaraman, Arun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Study Participant Questionnaire Responses. Table S2. Physical Therapist Questionnaire Responses.
Universal shock-wave propagation in one-dimensional Bose fluids
Creators: name: Dubessy, Romain
name: Polo, Juan
name: Perrin, Hélène
name: Minguzzi, Anna
name: Olshanii, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol for creating moving, robust dispersive shock waves in interacting one-dimensional Bose fluids. The fluid is prepared in a moving state by phase imprinting and sent against the walls of a box trap. We demonstrate that the thus formed shock wave oscillates for several periods and is robust against thermal fluctuations. We show that this large amplitude dynamics is universal across the whole spectrum of the interatomic interaction strength, from weak to strong interactions, and it is fully controlled by the sound velocity inside the fluid. Our work provides a generalization of the dispersive-shock-wave paradigm to the many-body regime. The shock waves we propose are within reach for ultracold atom experiments.
Correlated Primordial Perturbations in Light of CMB and LSS Data
Creators: name: Kurki-Suonio, Hannu
name: Muhonen, Vesa
name: Valiviita, Jussi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large-scale structure data to constrain cosmological models where the primordial perturbations have both an adiabatic and a cold dark matter (CDM) isocurvature component. We allow for a possible correlation between the adiabatic and isocurvature modes, and for different spectral indices for the power in each mode and for their correlation. We do a likelihood analysis with 11 independent parameters. We discuss the effect of choosing the pivot scale for the definition of amplitude parameters. The upper limit for the isocurvature fraction is 18% around a pivot scale k = 0.01 Mpc^{-1}. For smaller pivot wavenumbers the limit stays about the same. For larger pivot wavenumbers, very large values of the isocurvature spectral index are favored, which makes the analysis problematic, but larger isocurvature fractions seem to be allowed. For large isocurvature spectral indices n_iso > 2 a positive correlation between the adiabatic and isocurvature mode is favored, and for n_iso < 2 a negative correlation is favored. The upper limit to the nonadiabatic contribution to the CMB temperature variance is 7.5%. Of the standard cosmological parameters, determination of the CDM density $ω_c$ and the sound horizon angle $θ$ (or the Hubble constant $H_0$) are affected most by a possible presence of a correlated isocurvature contribution. The baryon density $ω_b$ nearly retains its ``adiabatic value''.
description: 20 pages, 21 figures (many in color)
Trans-iron Ge, As, Se, and heavier elements in the dwarf metal-poor stars, HD~19445, HD~84937, HD~94028, HD~140283, and HD~160617
Creators: name: Peterson, R. C.
name: Barbuy, B.
name: Spite, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectra of unevolved metal-poor halo stars uniquely reflect the elemental abundances incorporated during the earliest Galactic epoch. Their heavy-element content is well understood as the products of neutron capture on iron-peak elements. However, the lightest elements just past the iron peak, with atomic number 30
description: Accepted by A&A
Leveraging Weakly-hard Constraints for Improving System Fault Tolerance with Functional and Timing Guarantees
Creators: name: Liang, Hengyi
name: Wang, Zhilu
name: Jiao, Ruochen
name: Zhu, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Many safety-critical real-time systems operate under harsh environment and are subject to soft errors caused by transient or intermittent faults. It is critical and yet often very challenging to apply fault tolerance techniques in these systems, due to their resource limitations and stringent constraints on timing and functionality. In this work, we leverage the concept of weakly-hard constraints, which allows task deadline misses in a bounded manner, to improve system's capability to accommodate fault tolerance techniques while ensuring timing and functional correctness. In particular, we 1) quantitatively measure control cost under different deadline hit/miss scenarios and identify weak-hard constraints that guarantee control stability, 2) employ typical worst-case analysis (TWCA) to bound the number of deadline misses and approximate system control cost, 3) develop an event-based simulation method to check the task execution pattern and evaluate system control cost for any given solution and 4) develop a meta-heuristic algorithm that consists of heuristic methods and a simulated annealing procedure to explore the design space. Our experiments on an industrial case study and a set of synthetic examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
description: ICCAD 2020
Maximal-entropy driven determination of weights in least-square approximation
Creators: name: Giordano, Domenico
name: Iavernaro, Felice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We exploit the idea to use the maximal-entropy method, successfully tested in information theory and statistical thermodynamics, to determine approximating function's coefficients and squared errors' weights simultaneously as output of one single problem in least-square approximation. We provide evidence of the method's capabilities and performance through its application to representative test cases by working with polynomials as a first step. We conclude by formulating suggestions for future work to improve the version of the method we present in this paper.
description: 15 pages, 1 table, 10 figures. Accepted in Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences. Changes: fixed typo in Eq. (27)
Benchmarking the performance of GPT-2 type applications on GPU-accelerated computing resources
Creators: name: Lazauskas, Tomas
name: Llewellyn-Jones, David
Publisher: name: The Alan Turing Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer hardware
subject: AI training
subject: GPT-2 model
subject: GPU-accelerated systems
subject: GPU
subject: Distributed computation
subject: Parallel computation
subject: High-performance computing
subject: Benchmarking

description: In this report we look at eight GPU-accelerated systems representing across-section of the available Tier 2 HPC systems in the UK. These includea mixture of GPU-accelerated platforms from NVIDIA, AMD and Intel. For each system, we perform a set of benchmarking experiments by training a GPT-2 model using a mixture of parameters and hyperparameters. These include model size, number of GPUs, floating point data type, training datasize, distribution strategies and batch size. Our interest is in performance measured by time taken to complete an epoch of training rather than convergence speed. We also measure memory usage. The overall aim is to compare systems in order to provide researchers intending to perform AI training with some benchmarks for what to expect in terms of training speed for a modelin a non-optimised real-world scenario.
Additional file 1 of The ReWalk ReStore™ soft robotic exosuit: a multi-site clinical trial of the safety, reliability, and feasibility of exosuit-augmented post-stroke gait rehabilitation
Creators: name: Awad, Louis N.
name: Esquenazi, Alberto
name: Francisco, Gerard E.
name: Nolan, Karen J.
name: Jayaraman, Arun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Study Participant Satisfaction Questionnaire.
Algebraic construction of current operators in integrable spin chains
Creators: name: Pozsgay, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized Hydrodynamics is a recent theory that describes the large scale transport properties of one dimensional integrable models. At the heart of this theory lies an exact quantum-classical correspondence, which states that the flows of the conserved quantities are essentially quasi-classical even in the interacting quantum many body models. We provide the algebraic background to this observation, by embedding the current operators of the integrable spin chains into the canonical framework of Yang-Baxter integrability. Our construction can be applied in a large variety of models including the XXZ spin chains, the Hubbard model, and even in models lacking particle conservation such as the XYZ chain. Regarding the XXZ chain we present a simplified proof of the recent exact results for the current mean values, and explain how their quasi-classical nature emerges from the exact computations.
description: 4+epsilon pages, and Supp. Mat. 5 pages
Monoide des enlacements et facteurs orthogonaux (Monoids of linking pairings and orthogonal summands)
Creators: name: Deloup, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E99, 57M27, 11E81, 57N10

description: A linking pairing is a symetric bilinear pairing lambda: GxG --> Q/Z on a finite abelian group. The set of isomorphism classes of linking pairings is a non-cancellative monoid E under orthogonal sum, which is infinitely generated and infinitely related. We propose a new presentation of E that enables one to detect whether a linking pairing has a given orthogonal summand. The same method extends to the monoid Q of quadratic forms on finite abelian groups. We obtain a combinatorial classification of Q (that was previously known for groups of period 4). As applications, we describe explicitly 3-manifolds having a degree one map onto prescribed (or proscribed) lens spaces. Most of the results extend to 3-manifolds endowed with a parallelization or a spin structure. In particular, the Reidemeister--Turaev function detects the existence of a spin preserving degree one map between a rational homology 3-sphere and a lens space.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-19.abs.html
Elemental characteristics of organic deposits from an area surrounding a lead-zinc smelter : concentration, distribution, mode of occurrence and mobility
Creators: name: Hawke, Michelle Irene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Monitoring and remediation of anthropogenic trace elements requires knowledge of the magnitude of emissions and their fate in the environment. This study examines the role of organic sediments in the partitioning of Sb, As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the environment surrounding a lead-zinc smelter. Trace element concentrations in peat profiles were highest near the smelter and decreased with distance. Peat concentrations were compared to mineral soil concentrations and to atmospheric deposition rates. Anomalies between peat concentrations and deposition rates identify locations of secondary source impact. Concentrations are higher in impacted peats than in corresponding soils, indicating preferential sequestration. Assigning a geochemical baseline and differentiating between trace element sources is difficult in areas with heterogeneous geochemistry. Two geochemical fingerprinting methods were applied to estimate smelter impact: normalisation to "conservative elements" and rare earth element patterns. Interpretation of "conservative element" ratios proved difficult, due to concentration variability. It was concluded that conservative elements may not represent a geochemical baseline. Light rare earth element enrichment was noted in peats and other sampling media closest to the smelter, but not in smelter feedstock or wastes, suggesting that LREE enrichment is overprinted from background geochemistry. Sources of trace element-rich particles include stack emissions and fugitive and geogenic dust. Peat ash was examined by SEM-EDX to determine the morphology and elemental composition of the particulates. Rounded smelter-emitted particles are present in peats sampled close to the smelter. Weathering and mobilisation are indicated by changes in chemistry between fresh and weathered particles. Angular fugitive dust sulphide particles also occur. Sequential leaching of peats and soils illustrates that trace element speciation is controlled by environmental conditions and by source. In smelter-impacted peats, elements are sequestered as exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-oxide or organic species, indicating precipitation from solution. Non-impacted peats contain higher proportions of residual and sulphide species. Environmental parameters impact peat diagenesis and influence element behaviour. An organic petrographic evaluation of smelter-impacted peats aids in determining past and current conditions. A well-humified profile, which indicates aerobic conditions, contained abundant Fe-oxide species. Profiles containing maceral assemblages that indicate anaerobic conditions contained sulphide and organic species.
Spatial Development
Creators: name: Desmet, Klaus
name: Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban
name: Desmet, Klaus
name: Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Dynamic Spatial Models
subject: Growth
subject: Innovation
subject: Land Rent Evolution
subject: Structural Transformation
subject: Technology Diffusion
subject: Trade

description: We present a theory of spatial development. A continuum of locations in a geographic area choose each period how much to innovate (if at all) in manufacturing and services. Locations can trade subject to transport costs and technology diffuses spatially across locations. The result is an endogenous growth theory that can shed light on the link between the evolution of economic activity over time and space. We apply the model to study the evolution of the U.S. economy in the last few decades and find that the model can generate the reduction in the employment share in manufacturing, the increase in service productivity in the second part of the 1990s, the increase in land rents in the same period, as well as several other spatial and temporal patterns.
Limitation of symmetry breaking by gravitational collapse: the revisit of Lin-Mestel-Shu instability
Creators: name: Worrakitpoonpon, Tirawut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the topic of shape evolution during the spherical collapse of an $N$-body system. Our main objective is to investigate the critical particle number below which, during a gravitational collapse, the amplification of triaxiality from initial fluctuations is effective, and above which it is ineffective. To this aim, we develop the Lin-Mestel-Shu theory for a system of particles initially with isotropic velocity dispersion and with a simple power-law density profile. We first determine, for an unstable cloud, two radii corresponding to the balance of two opposing forces and their fluctuations: such radii fix the sizes of the non-collapsing region and the triaxial seed from density fluctuations. We hypothesize that the triaxial degree of the final state depends on which radius is dominant prior to the collapse phase leading to a different scheme of the self-consistent shape evolution of the core and the rest of the system. The condition where the two radii are equal therefore identifies the critical particle number, which can be expressed as the function of the parameters of initial state. In numerical work, we can pinpoint such a critical number by comparing the virialized flattening with the initial flattening. The difference between these two quantities agrees with the theoretical predictions only for the power-law density profiles with an exponent in the range $[0,0.25]$. For higher exponents, results suggest that the critical number is above the range of simulated $N$. We speculate that there is an additional mechanism, related to strong density gradients that increases further the flattening, requiring higher $N$ to further weaken the initial fluctuations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Decoupled Payments to EU Farmers, Production, and Trade: An Economic Analysis for Germany
Creators: name: Von Witzke, Harald
name: Noleppa, Steffen
name: Schwarz, Gerald
name: Von Witzke, Harald
name: Noleppa, Steffen
name: Schwarz, Gerald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: European Union
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: WTO rules
subject: decoupled payments

description: After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and trade effects of this policy and its compatibility with WTO international trade rules. A survey of the literature suggests that the system of direct payments in its present form has effects which are analogous to a subsidization of agricultural land. Thus, they act to increase production and trade. Furthermore we quantify the total economic cost of production of selected commodities in the European Union and compare them to the price at which EU production is sold in foreign markets. Our analysis suggests that the costs of production in the European Union for key agricultural commodities are below international prices. It can be established that commodities for which the European Union is a net exporter are sold below cost, for extended periods of time and in substantial quantities. The EU system of decoupled payments to farmers, thus, acts to inflict economic injury to third countries. Under WTO rules, dumping can only occur when a country is an exporter. In this paper we demonstrate that on the markets included in the analysis dumping occurs on the market for wheat. The extent of injury is exemplified for Australia.
Stanley's theorem on codimension 3 Gorenstein $h$-vectors
Creators: name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E10 (Primary); 13H10 (Secondary)

description: In this note we supply an elementary proof of the following well-known theorem of R. Stanley: the $h$-vectors of Gorenstein algebras of codimension 3 are SI-sequences, i.e. are symmetric and the first difference of their first half is an $O$-sequence.
description: 6 pages. Proc. of the A.M.S., to appear
Additional file 1 of Deriving stratified effects from joint models investigating gene-environment interactions
Creators: name: Laville, Vincent
name: Majarian, Timothy
name: Vries, Paul S. De
name: Bentley, Amy R.
name: Feitosa, Mary F.
name: Sung, Yun J.
name: D. C. Rao
name: Manning, Alisa
name: Aschard, Hugues
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparison between summary statistics derived from individual-level data (True) and their estimations (Estimated) in unexposed (A) and exposed (B) individuals and in the marginal model (C) using simulated data in the case of a binary phenotype. Figure S2. Comparison between summary statistics derived from individual-level data (True) and their estimations (Estimated) in unexposed (A) and exposed (B) individuals and in the marginal model (C) using simulated data in the case of a quantitative phenotype when relaxing the genotype-environment independence. Figure S3. Comparison between summary statistics derived from individual-level data (True) and their estimations (Estimated) in unexposed (A) and exposed (B) individuals and in the marginal model (C) using simulated data in the case of differences between the proportion of exposed individuals for the SNP and the proportion of exposed individuals in the whole sample. Figure S4. Comparison between summary statistics derived from individual-level data (True) and their estimations (Estimated) in unexposed (A) and exposed (B) individuals and in the marginal model (C) using simulated data in the case of different phenotypic variance conditionally on the exposition. Figure S5. Comparison of the Type I error rate evaluated between summary obtained using individual-level data (blue) and summary statistics estimated using the pipeline (orange) with respect to the different quintiles of the different sources of bias: G-E correlation(A), misspecification of the proportion of exposed individuals (B) and different phenotypic variance in the strata of the exposure (C). Type I error rate were evaluated for the marginal model in all individuals (left), in unexposed individuals only (middle) and in exposed individuals only (right). The dashed line represents the nominal significance threshold (5%). Figure S6. Proportion of SNPs with discordant significance results between summary statistics obtained using individual-level data and summary statistics estimated using our pipeline with respect to the different quintiles of the different sources of bias: G-E correlation(A), misspecification of the proportion of exposed individuals (B) and different phenotypic variance in the strata of the exposure (C). Type I error rate were evaluated for the marginal model in all individuals (left), in unexposed individuals only (middle) and in exposed individuals only (right).
Additional file 1 of Proteomic analysis in lupus mice identifies Coronin-1A as a potential biomarker for lupus nephritis
Creators: name: Orthodoxia Nicolaou
name: Kleitos Sokratous
name: Makowska, Zuzanna
name: Morell, María
name: Groof, Aurélie De
name: Montigny, Pauline
name: Hadjisavvas, Andreas
name: Michailidou, Kyriaki
name: Anastasis Oulas
name: Spyrou, George M.
name: Demetriou, Christiana
name: Alarcón-Riquelme, Marta E.
name: Psarellis, Savvas
name: Kousios, Andreas
name: Lauwerys, Bernard
name: Kyriacou, Kyriacos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental methods, Tables and Figures. Supplemental methods: Further details about sample preparation for mass spectrometry analysis, untargeted LC-MS/MS proteomics and targeted proteomic analysis. Table S1.1: MRM parameters for the synthesized peptides of the selected mouse kidney target proteins. Table S1.2: MRM parameters for the synthesized peptides of human serum target and immunodepleted proteins. Table S1.3: Spearman’s correlation analysis between CORO1A serum levels and clinical parameters in LN patients. Table S1.4: Two sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) correlation analysis between CORO1A serum levels and clinical parameters in LN patients. Figure S1: Representative chromatograms of target peptides used in the targeted MRM-MS proteomic analysis for the mouse experiments. Figure S2: Representative chromatograms of target peptides used in the targeted MRM-MS proteomic analysis for the human experiments. Figure S3: Coefficient of variation of MRM assays for both mouse and human experiments. Figure S4: MRM-MS analysis of candidate protein biomarkers in different SLE mouse strains at pre-nephritic stage. Figure S5: Concentration levels of serum Amyloid P-component protein in SLE, LN patients and healthy controls. Figure S6: Representative images of H + E staining of the validation set.
New Triazole Hybrids as Anticancer Agents Targeting Thymidylate Synthase: Synthesis, Biological and Molecular Docking Studies
Creators: name: Alam, Mohammad Mahboob
name: Alsenani, Nawaf I.
name: Elbehairi, Serag Eldin I.
name: Nazreen, Syed
name: Amairia, Chahra
name: Alfarsi, Anas
name: Hussien, Rania A.
name: Asad, Mohammad
name: Alzahrani, Khalid Ahmed
name: Shati, Ali A.
name: Alfaifi, Mohammad Y.
name: Elhenawy, Ahmed A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Virology

description: The present work describes the synthesis and antiproliferative activity of new triazole hybrids. The anticancer results showed that the synthesized hybrids were most sensitive toward colon HCT-116 followed by liver HepG2 and breast MCF-7 carcinomas. Among all the hybrids, compound 10 resulted in remarkable cytotoxicity with IC50 of 1.14 μM, six times higher than reference drug, Doxorubicin (IC50 of 6.96 μM) and also emerged as most potent TS inhibitor with IC50 0.54 μM. In order to inquire its effect on intracellular mechanism, cell cycle and apoptosis studies were performed. Compound 10 treated HCT-116 cells caused remarkable increase in cell distribution in G1 phase, however it decreases both S and G2 population with early and late apoptosis. The study was supported by docking study where compound 10 revealed highest binding affinity and interacted with Arg50, Arg174, Asp218, Cys195, and Ser216, essential for the TS activity. These outcomes suggest that compound 10 acts as a TS inhibitor and could be promising target for cancer therapy.
New solar opacities, abundances, helioseismology, and neutrino fluxes
Creators: name: Bahcall, John N.
name: Serenelli, Aldo M.
name: Basu, Sarbani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct solar models with the newly calculated radiative opacities from the Opacity Project (OP) and recently determined (lower) heavy element abundances. We compare results from the new models with predictions of a series of models that use OPAL radiative opacities, older determinations of the surface heavy element abundances, and refinements of nuclear reaction rates. For all the variations we consider, solar models that are constructed with the newer and lower heavy element abundances advocated by Asplund et al. (2005) disagree by much more than the estimated measuring errors with helioseismological determinations of the depth of the solar convective zone, the surface helium composition, the internal sound speeds, and the density profile. Using the new OP radiative opacities, the ratio of the 8B neutrino flux calculated with the older and larger heavy element abundances (or with the newer and lower heavy element abundances) to the total neutrino flux measured by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is 1.09 (0.87) with a 9% experimental uncertainty and a 16% theoretical uncertainty, 1 sigma errors.
description: ApJ Letters (in press), added 3 references, detailed numerical solar models and distributions of neutrino fluxes available at http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb (models go back to 1982)
Orbital misalignment of the super-Earth $π$ Men c with the spin of its star
Creators: name: Hodžić, Vedad Kunovac
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Cegla, Heather M.
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Davies, Guy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet-planet scattering events can leave an observable trace of a planet's migration history in the form of orbital misalignment with respect to the the stellar spin axis, which is measurable from spectroscopic timeseries taken during transit. We present high-resolution spectroscopic transits observed with ESPRESSO of the close-in super-Earth $π$ Men c. The system also contains an outer giant planet on a wide, eccentric orbit, recently found to be inclined with respect to the inner planetary orbit. These characteristics are reminiscent of past dynamical interactions. We successfully retrieve the planet-occulted light during transit and find evidence that the orbit of $π$ Men c is moderately misaligned with the stellar spin axis with $λ= -24.0^\circ \pm 4.1^\circ$ ($ψ= 26.9^{\circ +5.8^\circ}_{\,-4.7^\circ}$). This is consistent with the super-Earth $π$ Men c having followed a high-eccentricity migration followed by tidal circularisation, and hints that super-Earths can form at large distances from their star. We also detect clear signatures of solar-like oscillations within our ESPRESSO radial velocity timeseries, where we reach a radial velocity precision of ${\sim}20$ cm/s. We model the oscillations using Gaussian processes and retrieve a frequency of maximum oscillation, $ν_\text{max} = 2771^{+65}_{-60}$ $μ$Hz. These oscillations makes it challenging to detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect using traditional methods. We are, however, successful using the reloaded Rossiter-McLaughlin approach. Finally, in an appendix we also present updated physical parameters and ephemerides for $π$ Men c from a Gaussian process transit analysis of the full TESS Cycle 1 data.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Published in MNRAS
Flux Compactifications of String Theory on Twisted Tori
Creators: name: Hull, C. M.
name: Reid-Edwards, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global aspects of Scherk-Schwarz dimensional reduction are discussed and it is shown that it can usually be viewed as arising from a compactification on the compact space obtained by identifying a (possibly non-compact) group manifold G under a discrete subgroup Gamma, followed by a truncation. This allows a generalisation of Scherk-Schwarz reductions to string theory or M-theory as compactifications on G/Gamma, but only in those cases in which there is a suitable discrete subgroup of G. We analyse such compactifications with flux and investigate the gauge symmetry and its spontaneous breaking. We discuss the covariance under O(d,d), where d is the dimension of the group G, and the relation to reductions with duality twists. The compactified theories promote a subgroup of the O(d,d) that would arise from a toroidal reduction to a gauge symmetry, and we discuss the interplay between the gauge symmetry and the O(d,d,Z) T-duality group, suggesting the role that T-duality should play in such compactifications.
description: 43 pages
Additional file 1 of Study of the immunogenicity of the VP2 protein of canine parvovirus produced using an improved Baculovirus expression system
Creators: name: Chang, Dao
name: Yangkun Liu
name: Yangyang Chen
name: Xiaomin Hu
name: Burov, Andrey
name: Puzyr, Alexey
name: Bondar, Vladimir
name: Lunguang Yao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1 Original image of Fig. 5a. SDS-PAGE analysis of VP2 expression in different virus-infected Sf9 cells at 96 h post infection. M: PageRuler™ Prestained Protein Ladder, 10 to 170 kDa; 1: recombinant baculovirus Ac-IM-p10-VP2; 2: recombinant baculovirus Ac-IM-ph-VP2; 3: recombinant baculovirus Ac-IM-ph-VP2 + p10-VP2. Original image of Fig. 6a. The SDS-PAGE analysis of purified recombinant VP2 protein. M: PageRuler™ Prestained Protein Ladder, 10 to 180 kDa; 1: ultrasound supernatant of the recombinant baculovirus Ac-IM-ph-VP2 + p10-VP2 infected Sf9 cells; 2: 200 mM Imidazole eluent; 3: 300 mM Imidazole eluent; 4: 500 mM Imidazole eluent; 5: First eluent of 500 mM Imidazole; 6: Second eluent of 500 mM Imidazole; 7: Third eluent of 500 mM Imidazole; 8: Fourth eluent of 500 mM Imidazole. Original image of Fig. 6b. Western blot analysis of purified VP2 protein with Mouse anti-His monoclonal antibodies. M: PageRuler™ Prestained Protein Ladder, 10 to 180 kDa; 1: First eluent of 200 mM Imidazole; 2: Second eluent of 200 mM Imidazole; 3: Third eluent of 200 mM Imidazole. Original image of Fig. 6c. Western blot analysis of purified VP2 protein with Rabbit anti-VP2 polyclonal antibodies. M: PageRuler™ Prestained Protein Ladder, 10 to 180 kDa; 1: First eluent of 200 mM Imidazole; 2: Second eluent of 200 mM Imidazole; 3: Third eluent of 200 mM Imidazole.