cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding dietary and staple food transitions in China from multiple scales
Creators: name: Chang, Xiao
name: DeFries, Ruth S.
name: Liu, Liming
name: Davis, Kyle Frankel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Diet
Nutrition
Food security
Food consumption

description: China is facing both non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and micronutrient deficiency, which have been largely related to transitions within Chinese diets, for example, the overconsumption of vegetable oils and animal-source products and decreasing consumption of coarse staple foods. In this study, we use three metrics—dietary diversity score (DDS), staple diversity score (SDS) and the proportion of coarse staple consumption (PoCS)- to investigate overall dietary transitions as well as trends in staple food consumption for nine provinces in China from 1997 to 2009. We also investigated how household characteristics, community urbanicity, and provincial conditions have affected household diets and the relationship between overall diet and staple diet across socio-economic gradients. Overall dietary diversity (DDS) showed consistent growth across all the provinces and subpopulations and was strongly associated with a household’s socio-economic status. However, staple indicators (SDS and PoCS) showed notable difference both geographically and socio-economically. The relationship between overall dietary indicator (DDS) and staple indicators (SDS, PoCS) across SES gradients revealed that education is a more important influence than income in ensuring dietary balance and nutritional quality. Our findings show that programs aimed at promoting dietary balance and healthy staple diets must account for differences between provinces in terms of agronomic, nutritional, social, and economic conditions. By identifying the socio-economic characteristics and locations of the most nutritionally vulnerable populations, this study also points toward the need for policies that incorporate nutritional considerations into grain production systems and provide a strategy for enhancing China’s national food security.
The $DN$, $πΣ_c$ interaction in finite volume and the $Λ_c(2595)$ resonance
Creators: name: Xie, Ju-Jun
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the interaction of the coupled channels $DN$ and $πΣ_c$ in an SU(4) extrapolation of the chiral unitary theory, where the $Λ_c(2595)$ resonance appears as dynamically generated from that interaction, is extended to produce results in finite volume. Energy levels in the finite box are evaluated and, assuming that they would correspond to lattice results, the inverse problem of determining the phase shifts in the infinite volume from the lattice results is solved. We observe that it is possible to obtain accurate $πΣ_c$ phase shifts and the position of the $Λ_c(2595)$ resonance, but it requires the explicit consideration of the two coupled channels. We also observe that some of the energy levels in the box are attached to the closed $DN$ channel, such that their use to induce the $πΣ_c$ phase shifts via Lüscher's formula leads to incorrect results.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. A
Perfectionism and suicide ideation : an assessment of the specific vulnerability hypothesis and stress generation model
Creators: name: Chen, Chang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The relationship between trait perfectionism and suicide behaviours (see Hewitt, Flett, Sherry, & Caelian, 2006; O’Connor, 2007 for reviews) has been reported in many studies and there is very strong evidence that one interpersonal component of perfectionism, socially prescribed perfectionism (i.e., the perception that others require perfection of oneself) is particularly relevant in suicide ideation and attempt among psychiatric adolescents as well as clinical and nonclinical adults (e.g., Enns et al., 2001). However, few studies have examined the mechanism by which trait perfectionism is associated with suicidality. Hewitt and Flett (1993, 2002) suggested that perfectionism can play a moderating role in producing psychopathology by enhancing or exacerbating the aversiveness of congruent or ego-involving stressful events (i.e., Specific Vulnerability Hypothesis). Perfectionistic behaviour also can play a mediating role in its association with psychopathology by contributing to the generation of stress (i.e., Stress Generation Model). Hence, the general purpose of this paper was to examine whether perfectionism generates and interacts with life stress in influencing suicide ideation measured concurrently as well as longitudinally. The current study measured perfectionism traits, stress, depression, hopelessness, and suicide ideation among 437 community adults (mean age=58.6, men=175) six months apart. Consistent with the Specific Vulnerability Hypothesis (Hewitt & Flett, 1993), a significant Perfectionism x Stress interaction was found for self-oriented perfectionism (i.e., striving relentlessly to perfectionistic personal standards) and achievement stress in predicting Time 2 suicide ideation among female participants even after controlling for Time 1 suicide ideation and depression. Socially prescribed perfectionism, however, also interacted significantly with achievement stress to predict Time 2 suicide ideation among female participants, hence providing partial support for Specific Vulnerability Hypothesis. Furthermore, mediational analyses via bootstrapping indicated that stress (i.e., achievement stress, interpersonal stress) mediated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and subsequent levels of suicide ideation for both genders. Together, the current findings support the notion that certain perfectionism traits can act as vulnerability factors that enhance or generate stresses in influencing risk of suicide ideation. Implications of the present findings for understanding the perfectionism-suicide link and assessment and treatment for perfectionistic patients are discussed.
Cosmological Implications of a Stellar Initial Mass Function that Varies with the Jeans Mass in Galaxies
Creators: name: Narayanan, Desika
name: Davé, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of star-forming galaxies at high-z have suggested discrepancies in the inferred star formation rates (SFRs) either between data and models, or between complementary measures of the SFR. These putative discrepancies could all be alleviated if the stellar IMF is systematically weighted toward more high-mass star formation in rapidly star-forming galaxies. Here, we explore how the IMF might vary under the central assumption that the turnover mass in the IMF, Mc, scales with the Jeans mass in giant molecular clouds (GMCs), M_J. We employ hydrodynamic and radiative transfer simulations of galaxies to predict how the typical GMC Jeans mass, and hence the IMF, varies with galaxy property. We then study the impact of such an IMF on the star formation law, the SFR-M* relation, submillimetre galaxies (SMGs), and the cosmic SFR density. Our main results are: The H2 mass-weighted Jeans mass in a galaxy scales with the SFR when the SFR is greater a few M_sun/yr. SPS modeling shows that this results in a nonlinear relation between SFR and Lbol, such that SFR Lbol^0.88. Using this model relation, the inferred SFR of local ULIRGs decreases by ~2, and that of high-z SMGs decreases by ~3-5. At z 2, this results in a lowered normalisation of the SFR-M* relation in better agreement with models, a reduced discrepancy between the observed cosmic SFR density and stellar mass density evolution, and SMG SFRs that are easier to accommodate in current hierarchical structure formation models. It further results in a Schmidt relation with slope of ~1.6 when utilising a physically motivated form for the CO-H2 conversion factor. While each of the discrepancies considered here could be alleviated without appealing to a varying IMF, the modest variation implied by assuming Mc M_J is a plausible solution that simultaneously addresses numerous thorny issues regarding the SFRs of high-z galaxies.
description: MNRAS Accepted; 16 pages
Acceptability of oral rapid HIV testing at dental clinics in communities with high HIV prevalence in South Florida
Creators: name: Bradley, Erin L. P.
name: Vidot, Denise C.
name: Gaul, Zaneta
name: Sutton, Madeline
name: Pereyra, Margaret Rose
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: HIV (Viruses)--Testing
Medical care
HIV infections—Prevention
Social medicine

description: Background
Expanding HIV screening for populations at risk necessitates testing in nontraditional settings. We assessed HIV testing in dental clinics in South Florida, an urban area with the highest rates of HIV diagnoses in the United States in 2015.

Aims
We explored patients’ acceptance of oral HIV rapid tests administered by dental providers and identified reasons for accepting or declining HIV testing.

Methods
During 2014 and 2015, dentists and hygienists at two federally qualified health center (FQHC) dental clinics who serve racial/ethnic minority patient populations in South Florida were trained to administer oral HIV rapid tests as a part of a routine dental visit. Patients presenting for dental services were offered a rapid HIV test and brief survey regarding their demographics, HIV testing history and behaviors.

Results
We enrolled 600 patients (median age = 43 years; IQR: 29–56 years), 45% non-Hispanic black and 35% Hispanic/Latino, 83% graduated high school, and 50% unemployed. Most (85%) accepted oral HIV rapid testing (none tested HIV-positive); 14% had never been tested for HIV. The most common reasons for testing were a desire to know HIV status (56%) and free testing (54%). Among 93 (15%) patients who declined testing, 58% were tested recently and 31% felt confident that they were HIV-negative; however, 74 (80%) who declined testing said they would feel comfortable discussing HIV prevention with their dentist. Additionally, 290 of 600 patients (48%) reported condomless vaginal or anal sex in the past 6 months. Further, among 119 patients who had condomless sex with an HIV-positive partner and/or one whose HIV status was unknown, 98 (82%) accepted the oral HIV test.

Conclusion
Dental clinics may provide expanded opportunities for oral HIV rapid testing and conversations about HIV prevention in high HIV prevalence communities.
Caracterisation des Productions des Potiers Parisiens Du XIIIème au XIXème Siècle
Creators: name: Echallier, JC
name: Bonnet, J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 13, 17-30
description: Cet article a pour but de caracteriser les productions parisiennes d partir de Petude d'un site: la Cour Napoleon du Grand Louvre. Des groupes techniques ont ete distingues macroscopiquement, tenant compte de la pate et de Paspect de surface. La difficulte a former des groupes distincts sur le plan technologique, tant sur une periode donnee que sur deux epoques successives, nous a conduit a supposer que les productions etaient locales. L'etude chimique et en lames minces montre que les terres et les degraissants correspondent aux argiles et aux sables parisiens. L'homogeneite parfaite des caracteres technologiques est un signe evident de la tradition parisienne quiperdure au cours des siecles. L3etude des textes confirme Phypothese d'une production parisienne corporatiste, traditionnelle.
Fast Two-Qubit Gates in Semiconductor Quantum Dots using a Photonic Microcavity
Creators: name: Solenov, Dmitry
name: Economou, Sophia E.
name: Reinecke, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Implementations for quantum computing require fast single- and multi-qubit quantum gate operations. In the case of optically controlled quantum dot qubits theoretical designs for long-range two- or multi-qubit operations satisfying all the requirements in quantum computing are not yet available. We have developed a design for a fast, long-range two-qubit gate mediated by a photonic microcavity mode using excited states of the quantum dot-cavity system that addresses these needs. This design does not require identical qubits, it is compatible with available optically induced single qubit operations, and it advances opportunities for scalable architectures. We show that the gate fidelity can exceed 90% in experimentally accessible systems.
title: Biodiversity management for sustainable fisheries
Creators: name: Zhou, Shijie
name: Martensdottir, Gudrun
name: Smith, Tony
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Commercial fishing has extensive and diverse effects on exploited fish stocks. Most harvest strategies aim to attain MSY but usually ignore the effects of fishing on biodiversity at inter and intra species levels as well as the reversing effects of changes in biodiversity on fisheries productivity. Although sustainability is widely adopted as a management goal, fisheries legislation and management plans contain few explicit biodiversity goals. Within-species diversity, an important level of biodiversity for fisheries, has been largely overlooked by both scientists and managers. Maintaining inter- and intra-specific biodiversity to support sustainable fisheries may require fundamental changes in fishing strategies. At the species level, fishing reduces the abundance of target species and may also incidentally kill non-target species. The strategy for maintaining species diversity and supporting sustainable fisheries depends on the trophic relationship between the target and non-target species. At the population level, fishing disproportionately removes large fish. In some fisheries one sex (typically the male) may be targeted resulting in a higher fishing mortality rate and skewed sex ratio. Relevant scientific research and management policies worldwide are reviewed and a conceptual fishing strategy that may help maintain natural population structure is discussed. This paper aims to stimulate debate between fishery scientists and conservation biologists on new directions in fisheries and biodiversity management.
Restriction of Fourier transforms to curves: An endpoint estimate with affine arclength measure
Creators: name: Bak, Jong-Guk
name: Oberlin, Daniel M.
name: Seeger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B10, 46B70

description: Consider the Fourier restriction operator associated to a curve in $R^d$, $d\ge 3$. We prove for various classes of curves the endpoint restricted strong type estimate with respect to affine arclength measure on the curve. An essential ingredient is an interpolation result for multilinear operators with symmetries acting on sequences of vector-valued functions.
Isolation of mitochondria from Saccharomyces cerevisiae using magnetic bead affinity purification
Creators: name: Liao, Pin-Chao
name: Boldogh, Istvan
name: Siegmund, Stephanie
name: Freyberg, Zachary
name: Pon, Liza A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mitochondria
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Cell fractionation
Cytology--Technique
Biology

description: Isolated mitochondria are widely used to study the function of the organelle. Typically, mitochondria are prepared using differential centrifugation alone or in conjunction with density gradient ultracentrifugation. However, mitochondria isolated using differential centrifugation contain membrane or organelle contaminants, and further purification of crude mitochondria by density gradient ultracentrifugation requires large amounts of starting material, and is time-consuming. Mitochondria have also been isolated by irreversible binding to antibody-coated magnetic beads. We developed a method to prepare mitochondria from budding yeast that overcomes many of the limitations of other methods. Mitochondria are tagged by insertion of 6 histidines (6xHis) into the TOM70 (Translocase of outer membrane 70) gene at its chromosomal locus, isolated using Ni-NTA (nickel (II) nitrilotriacetic acid) paramagnetic beads and released from the magnetic beads by washing with imidazole. Mitochondria prepared using this method contain fewer contaminants, and are similar in ultrastructure as well as protein import and cytochrome c oxidase complex activity compared to mitochondria isolated by differential centrifugation. Moreover, this isolation method is amenable to small samples, faster than purification by differential and density gradient centrifugation, and more cost-effective than purification using antibody-coated magnetic beads. Importantly, this method can be applied to any cell type where the genetic modification can be introduced by CRISPR or other methods.
title: Ordination of measures of biodiversity in reduced space: sense or nonsense?
Creators: name: Lyashevska, Olga
name: Farnsworth, Keith
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Biodiversity measures the degree of difference within biological systems. Ideally, a single measure would unify biodiversity assessments across science. Given the multidimensional nature of biodiversity, in practice, we search for a minimal necessary and sufficient set (M∗ ) of metrics. Starting with a decomposition of biodiversity indices, we constructed the manifold permutation matrix from which M∗ must be found. Simulated ecological communities were generated from lists of benthic marine species found around Ireland and selected by taxonomic sampling. We tested the sensitivity and relationships among various indices of biodiversity using multivariate statistics with a population of simulated communities. The main goal of this analysis is to show how an orthogonal set of marine biodiversity metrics can be formed from which to select the most sensitive and easily measured diversity properties of the community. Having quantified an individual indicator performance, we will test whether currently used biodiversity indicators can be sensibly reduced to a smaller number and what we might miss out by doing it. Modelling results of this kind will help make practical the measuring of biodiversity in marine ecosystems, in line with ICES mission. Keywords: Biodiversity, ordination, indicators, community composition
Shut Up And Write Documentation: README.txt
Creators: name: Rockenberger, Annika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: documentation
research data management
work-along

description: Slides for a remote work-along on writing README files for research data. The slides have been spell-checked, the link to the Carpentries Code of Conduct has been removed, and the citation information has been updated.
description: {"references": ["README-template. By Cornell University Library. https://data.research.cornell.edu/content/readme"]}
Stability estimates for determination of potential from the impedance boundary map
Creators: name: Isaev, Mikhail
name: Novikov, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impedance boundary map (or Robin-to-Robin map) for the Schrodinger equation in open bounded demain at fixed energy in multidimensions. We give global stability estimates for determining potential from these boundary data and, as corollary, from the Cauchy data set. Our results include also, in particular, an extension of the Alessandrini identity to the case of the impedance boundary map.
Additional file 2 of CircHYBID regulates hyaluronan metabolism in chondrocytes via hsa-miR-29b-3p/TGF-β1 axis
Creators: name: Liao, Hong-Xing
name: Zhang, Zhi-Hui
name: Chen, Hui-Lin
name: Huang, Ying-Mei
name: Liu, Zhan-Liang
name: Huang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table 2. The Mankin score in cartilage samples.
La réponse française face à la crise sanitaire, l'aube d'une nouvelle crise financière. Revue ECU/EURO, N°55 (2020)
Creators: name: Dort, Aurélie
Publisher: name: RESuME
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Public finances
subject: Finances publiques
subject: crisis
subject: Crise
subject: COVID-19
subject: France
subject: Public Debt
subject: Dette publique

description: Les décisions financières prises par la France suite à l’épidémie du covid19 montrent très clairement que la santé des citoyens prime sur la santé des finances publiques, et heureusement. En raison du contexte sanitaire, il est encore trop tôt pour mesurer pleinement quelles seront les conséquences financières de cette pandémie. Force est néanmoins de constater la perte d’une visibilité financière ainsi qu’une augmentation significative de la dette publique.
Age at antiretroviral therapy initiation and cell-associated HIV-1 DNA levels in HIV-1-infected children
Creators: name: Kuhn, Louise
name: Paximadis, Maria
name: Da Costa Dias, Bianca
name: Loubser, Shayne
name: Strehlau, Renate
name: Patel, Faeezah
name: Shiau, Stephanie
name: Coovadia, Ashraf
name: Abrams, Elaine J.
name: Tiemessen, Caroline T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: HIV-positive children
Highly active antiretroviral therapy
Latent virus diseases
Polymerase chain reaction
HIV infections--Treatment
DNA
Epidemiology

description: Background
The latent viral reservoir is the major obstacle to achieving HIV remission and necessitates life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected individuals. Studies in adults and children have found that initiating ART soon after infection is associated with a reduction in the size of the HIV-1 reservoir. Here we quantified cell-associated HIV-1 DNA in early-treated but currently older HIV-infected children suppressed on ART.

Methods
The study participants comprised of a cohort of 146 early-treated children with HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml enrolled as part of a clinical trial in Johannesburg, South Africa. A stored buffy coat sample collected after a median 4.3 years on ART and where HIV-1 RNA was <50 copies/ml was tested for cell-associated HIV-1 DNA levels. An in-house, semi-nested real-time quantitative hydrolysis probe PCR assay to detect total HIV-1 subtype C proviral DNA was used. Children were followed prospectively for up to 3 years after this measurement to investigate subsequent HIV-1 RNA rebound/failure while remaining on ART. Age at ART initiation, HIV-1 RNA decline prior to HIV-1 DNA measurement and other factors were investigated.

Results
A gradient between age at ART initiation and later HIV-1 DNA levels was observed. When ART was started <2 months of age, the lowest levels of cell-associated HIV-1 DNA (median 1.4 log10copies/106 cells, interquartile range [IQR] 0.95–1.55) were observed compared to ART started at 2–4 months (median 1.68, IQR 1.26–1.97) or 5–14 months of age (median1.98, IQR 1.69–2.25). A low CD4 T-cell count pre-treatment predicted higher levels of HIV-1 DNA on later testing. The probability of HIV-1 RNA rebound >50 copies/ml whilst on ART within 3 years after the DNA measurement was 2.07 (95% CI: 1.352–3.167) times greater if the HIV-1 DNA level was above the median of 55 copies/106 cells.

Conclusions
Cell-associated HIV-1 DNA levels measured after more than 4 years on ART were lower the younger the age of the child when ART was initiated. This marker of the size of the viral reservoir also predicted subsequent viral rebound/treatment failure while ART was sustained. The results provide additional evidence of the benefits of prompt diagnosis and early ART initiation in newborns and infants.
Platygerrhus affinis
Creators: name: Mistletoe, Insects Associated With The European
name: Album, Viscum
name: Ukraine, In Western Part Of
name: Zamoroka, A Pilot Study A. M.
name: Shparyk, V. Yu.
name: Dovhaniuk, I. Ya.
name: Varga, O. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pteromalidae
Platygerrhus
Platygerrhus affinis

description: Platygerrhus affinis (Walker, 1836)
R e a r e d m a t e r i a l. Ukraine, Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Ivano-Frankivsk, 16.02.2014, 26 specimens, ex larva (A. Zamoroka) (PUIF).
 Biology. Larvae are primary parasitoids of wood-boring Coleoptera, in particular S. ferrea and E. tiliae (Mitroiu, 2005). The association of P. affinis with insect communities on V. album was previously unknown.
description: Published as part of Mistletoe, Insects Associated With The European, Album, Viscum, Ukraine, In Western Part Of, Zamoroka, A Pilot Study A. M., Shparyk, V. Yu., Dovhaniuk, I. Ya. & Varga, O. O., 2023, Insects Associated with the European Mistletoe (Viscum album) in Western Ukraine: a Pilot Study, pp. 433-450 in Zoodiversity 57 (5) on page 440, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2023.05.433, http://zenodo.org/record/10134656
An Analysis of Rim Fragments of 14th Century Globular Pots Excavated in Utrecht
Creators: name: Pot, TJ
name: De Groot, HL
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 13, 31-42
description: During an archaeological excavation in Utrecht, a sealed complex of 14th-century pottery was found which contained a large number of sherds, most of which derive from globular pots. Since relatively little is known about the quantitative and qualitative aspects of this pottery, it was decided to carry out an analytical investigation of the rim fragments in particular. In view of the rather casual approach to rim sherds in pottery studies, it seemed worthwhile to adopt a more discriminating method of research which would provide as much reliable data as possible. By conducting a pilot study in order to standardise the investigation, a research protocol was drawn up. Characteristic features (variables) of the pottery were chosen and defined, methods and means of assessing them were established; the influence of the researcher was also considered. By replicating the assessments, and moreover by having two researchers, it was possible not only to obtain reliable data but also to calculate the 'critical segment size' and the fragmentation factor' of rim sherds. These new concepts are considered to be applicable to research on excavated pottery in general. Some other recommendations for pottery research in general are also presented. During the analysis, the presence and absence of several inter-variable relationships was established, the former enabling a detailed quantification of the globular pots. A comparative study of the pottery from two other waster pits showed some obvious similarities between the three populations, but also some remarkable differences, the possible causes of which are discussed.
The York Medieval Tile-Making Experiment: A Potters Tale
Creators: name: Hudson, J C
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 13, 43-52
description: A request for ridge tiles and a louver for the restoration of a medieval house in York led to a project to manufacture 6000 roof tiles for the house, based on medieval finds from York and Essex, and using medieval methods and local clays. The project took place on a site near York from June 17th to August 8th 1988, when some 3822 peg-tiles were made and fired in an experimental multi-flued kiln. The results and problems encountered are described and discussed from a potter's perspective.
Shear and Bulk Viscosities of a Gluon Plasma in Perturbative QCD: Comparison of Different Treatments for the ggggg Process
Creators: name: Chen, Jiunn-Wei
name: Deng, Jian
name: Dong, Hui
name: Wang, Qun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading order contribution to the shear and bulk viscosities, ηand ζ, of a gluon plasma in perturbative QCD includes the gg -> gg (22) process, gg ggg (23) process and multiple scattering processes known as the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. Complete leading order computations for ηand ζwere obtained by Arnold, Moore and Yaffe (AMY) and Arnold, Dogan and Moore (ADM), respectively, with the inelastic processes computed by an effective g gg gluon splitting. We study how complementary calculations with 22 and 23 processes and a simple treatment to model the LPM effect compare with the results of AMY and ADM. We find that our results agree with theirs within errors. By studying the contribution of the 23 process to η, we find that the minimum angle θamong the final state gluons in the fluid local rest frame has a distribution that is peaked at θ\sim \sqrt{α_{s}}, analogous to the near collinear splitting asserted by AMY and ADM. However, the average of θis much bigger than its peak value, as its distribution is skewed with a long tail. The same θbehavior is also seen if the 23 matrix element is taken to the soft gluon bremsstrahlung limit in the center-of-mass (CM) frame. This suggests that the soft gluon bremsstrahlung in the CM frame still has some near collinear behavior in the fluid local rest frame. We also generalize our result to a general SU(N_c) pure gauge theory and summarize the current viscosity computations in QCD.
description: ReVTex 4, 18 pages, 7 figures, accepted version in Phys. Rev. C
Decoding the duration of fertility of laying chicken through phenotypic and proteomic evaluation
Creators: name: Kabir, M. A.
name: Ruan, H.
name: Rong, L.
name: Horaira, M. A.
name: Wu, X.
name: Wang, L.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Cai, J.
name: Han, S.
name: Li, S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: 1. This study determined the effective indicators and proteins involved in long-duration fertility (DF) in chickens. 2. Three lines of Chinese Xinhua chickens (900) were compared using seven phenotypic trait indicators, and the best was determined based on repeatability value. Subsequently, differential expression analysis, functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed to investigate the pathways and hub proteins. Finally, qPCR analysis was conducted to validate the expression of identified hub proteins, and functional annotation with previously published genes was performed to explain how hub proteins work to maintain the trait. 3. The study found that the number of fertilised eggs (FN) and maximum fertilised eggs (MCF) were the most repeatable among the seven indicators. It identified 231 differentially expressed proteins, with 144 being down-regulated and 87 being up-regulated. The differentially expressed proteins exhibited high clustering within various cellular compartments, including the cytosol and cytoplasm and GTP binding. Multiple pathways were identified, including tight and adherens junctions, TGF-beta signalling, autophagy-animal, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and the ribosome that may regulate the trait. Three hub proteins, KRAS, RPL5 (p < 0.001), and HSPA4 (p < 0.01), were significantly differentially expressed between high and low DF groups. 4. This study identified FN and MCF as effective indicators for addressing DF. As it is a quantitative trait, KRAS, HSPA4, and RPL5 are potential hub proteins that work with other genes to maintain the trait.
Additional file 1: of Interferon gamma inhibits the differentiation of mouse adult liver and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells by inhibiting the activation of notch signaling
Creators: name: Qin, Yuhong
name: Fang, Keke
name: Lu, Nan
name: Hu, Yuan
name: Tian, Zhigang
name: Zhang, Cai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary methods and results. Figure S1. Expression of IFN-γ in the serum of mice hydrodynamically injected with the pLive-IFN-γ plasmid. Figure S2. The expression of Sca-1 was induced in Lin−c-kit+ cells after hydrodynamic injection of the pLive-IFN-γ plasmid. Figure S3. The expression of notch1 or notch2 on the LSK and DN cells in the liver and BM of over-expressed IFN-γ mice, WT, and GKO mice. Figure S4. Genotype identification of IFN-γ deficient mice. (DOC 3432 kb)
Inferring novel relationships through over-representation analysis of medical subjects in biomedical bibliographies
Creators: name: Cheung, Warren A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: MEDLINE®/PubMed® is a richly annotated resource of over 21 million article citations, growing at a modern rate of over 600,000 citations annually. One grand challenge of bioinformatics is analysing the extensive literature for a biomedical entity such as a gene or disease. This thesis explores using over-representation to extract pertinent biomedical annotation from the research articles for an entity. The quantitative profiles generated are compared to predict novel associations between entities. Medical Subject Heading Over-representation Profiles (MeSHOPs) are constructed from the primary literature of an entity of interest. Medical subject annotations for each article are extracted. Statistical tests evaluate the significance of each term’s frequency across the set of articles, compared against an appropriate background set. The resulting MeSHOP is composed of each term and corresponding enrichment p-value. MeSHOPs can be computed for any entity with an associated bibliography of PubMed articles. We evaluate the predictive performance of quantitatively comparing MeSHOPs to discover novel associations between gene and disease entities, achieving up to 16% improvement in accuracy compared to gene or disease baseline features (measured as increased Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve). Strong literature annotation level bias on the predictive performance for future gene-disease association was seen. We observe similar results in a parallel analysis of associations between drugs and disease. Efficiently identifying authors with similar research interests is a challenge in science. During the peer review process, authors seek scientists with similar expertise. MeSHOPs are generated for individual authors, identifying their research foci. Extending the methods to allow comparison across large sets of entities, overlapping research interests between researchers were identified. The predictive performance was evaluated for capacity to identify authors working in the same research domains. Biomedical annotation analysis of primary literature provides insight into the areas of research focus, and is demonstrated to link entities through similarities in their MeSHOPs. We quantitatively confirm the trend where well-studied genes, diseases and drugs are more likely to be the focus of further research. MeSHOP analysis demonstrates that knowledge in the annotated primary literature can be efficiently mined, and the untapped knowledge therein can be discovered computationally.
Comparison of different derivatisation for amino acids determination of foie gras by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Creators: name: Wei, R.
name: Teng, Y.
name: Ning, R.
name: Luo, Z.
name: Bai, L.
name: Han, C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: 1. In order to compare the difference between different derivatisations for amino acids determination of foie gras via, reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), O-phthalaldehyde and 9-fluorenyl-methyl chloroformate (OPA-FMOC group), phenylisothiocyanate (PITC group) and 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydrox-ysuccinimidyl Carbamate (AQC group) were applied to derivatisation reagent in this current experiment. The determination results of automatic amino acid analyser were applied, and 17 amino acids were detected by these three derivatisation methods. 2. The running times of OPA-FMOC group, PITC group and AQC group were 18, 45 and 35 min, respectively. There was a large difference between the results of OPA-FMOC group and results from the automatic amino acid analyser, although the difference between the results from PITC and the automatic amino acid analyser was minimal. 3. In conclusion, the running time of OPA-FMOC group was shorter than that of PITC group and AQC group; the accuracy of the former was better than the OPA-FMOC group and AQC group for the determination of amino acid of foie gras.
Measuring movement into residential care institutions in Haiti after Hurricane Matthew: A pilot study
Creators: name: Rubenstein, Beth L.
name: MacFarlane, Matthew
name: Jensen, Celina
name: Stark, Lindsay B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Disaster relief--Evaluation
Hurricanes--Social aspects
Child welfare
Children--Institutional care
Child health services
Epidemiology

description: Background
Governments have an ethical imperative to safeguard children in residential care institutions at all times, including in the aftermath of an emergency. Yet, a lack of accurate data about how the magnitude and characteristics of this population may change due to an emergency impedes leaders’ ability to formulate responsive policies and services, mobilize resources and foster accountability. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the feasibility of evaluating movement of children into residential care following an emergency.

Methods
The pilot study took place in Les Cayes commune in the Sud Department of Haiti in April 2017. Six months prior to the pilot, the area was severely affected by Hurricane Matthew, with widespread devastation to property, livestock and livelihoods. Using a two-stage process, the team created a comprehensive list of residential care institutions in Les Cayes. At each facility, the data collectors attempted to administer four separate tools: a group count tool, a record review tool, interviews with staff, and interviews with children 10 years of age and older.

Results
Out of 27 known institutions in Les Cayes, 22 institutions consented to participate in the research. Within these 22 institutions, the prevalence of new arrivals to residential care since Hurricane Matthew varied significantly across the four tools, ranging from 0.69% according to the aggregated child interviews to 20.96% according to the aggregated staff interviews. Record availability and quality was very poor and child participation was difficult to arrange due to travel and scheduling constraints.

Interpretation
Robust measurement of new arrivals to residential care institutions was not feasible in Haiti following Hurricane Matthew. Moreover, many of the challenges encountered are likely to be encountered in humanitarian emergencies in other settings. Therefore, the research team does not recommend scale-up of these methods in most humanitarian settings. Alternative approaches that incorporate household survey methods to ascertain movement into residential care based on reports from caregivers may be more realistic in places with poor pre-existing governance systems and weak registries and records for residential care institutions.
Measuring social citizenship in social policy outputs, resources and outcomes across EU member states from 1985 to the present
Creators: name: Eick, Gianna M.
name: Burgoon, Brian
name: Busemeyer, Marius R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social rights
European social citizenship
Policy outputs
Outcomes
European welfare state model
European Pillar of Social Rights

description: Social rights are essential for fully realising European Union (EU) citizenship and reaching the EU’s targets in reducing poverty and social exclusion. This paper lays the empirical groundwork to investigate the development of European social citizenship from 1985 to the present. It does so by drawing on a newly-compiled database, the Comparative Social Citizenship Dataset (CSCD), that brings together existing country-year macro data on policies, regulations, laws, social, economic and political conditions relevant to social rights. This dataset’s key measures concern three categories central to the EUSOCIALCIT’s resource-based conception of social rights: (1) policy outputs, including spending and policy-effort measures of policies seeking to foster social rights; (2) outcomes, societal conditions like poverty and inequality relevant to the societal value-added of social rights; and 3) resources on which citizens and policymakers draw that drive and give policy force to social rights. Based on analyses of the CSCD macro-level measures of such conditions, the paper develops two sets of insights into a resource-based conception of social rights in Europe.
Syrphus vitripennis Meigen 1822
Creators: name: Mistletoe, Insects Associated With The European
name: Album, Viscum
name: Ukraine, In Western Part Of
name: Zamoroka, A Pilot Study A. M.
name: Shparyk, V. Yu.
name: Dovhaniuk, I. Ya.
name: Varga, O. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Syrphus
Syrphus vitripennis

description: Syrphus vitripennis Meigen, 1822
R e a r e d m a t e r i a l. Ukraine, Ivano-Frankivsk Region: Sokil, 13.10.2013, 2 specimens, ex larva (A. Zamoroka & V. Shparyk) (PUIF).
 Biology. Larvae are typically aphidophagous predators. The association of S. vitripennis with aphidids feeding on V. album was recorded for the first time
description: Published as part of Mistletoe, Insects Associated With The European, Album, Viscum, Ukraine, In Western Part Of, Zamoroka, A Pilot Study A. M., Shparyk, V. Yu., Dovhaniuk, I. Ya. & Varga, O. O., 2023, Insects Associated with the European Mistletoe (Viscum album) in Western Ukraine: a Pilot Study, pp. 433-450 in Zoodiversity 57 (5) on page 441, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2023.05.433, http://zenodo.org/record/10134656
title: Trophic structure and fisheries interactions in the gulf of Lions(north-western Mediterranean)
Creators: name: Almarcha-Bănaru, D.
name: Mellon-Duval, C.
name: Roos, D.
name: Bigot, J.L.
name: Souplet, A.
name: Jadaud, A.
name: Beaubrun, J.-P.
name: Fromentin, J.M.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The gulf of Lions system was described using Ecopath mass-balance model of trophic interactions, with the aim of characterising its structure and functioning and to understand the effects of the multi-specific fisheries operating in this area.
Fractal Weyl laws for asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds
Creators: name: Datchev, Kiril
name: Dyatlov, Semyon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds with hyperbolic trapped sets we prove a fractal upper bound on the number of resonances near the essential spectrum, with power determined by the dimension of the trapped set. This covers the case of general convex cocompact quotients (including the case of connected trapped sets) where our result implies a bound on the number of zeros of the Selberg zeta function in disks of arbitrary size along the imaginary axis. Although no sharp fractal lower bounds are known, the case of quasifuchsian groups, included here, is most likely to provide them.
description: 59 pages, 7 figures. To appear in Geometric and Functional Analysis
Unconventional function of an Achaete-Scute homolog as a terminal selector of nociceptive neuron identity
Creators: name: Masoudi, Neda
name: Tavazoie, Saeed
name: Glenwinkel, Lori Ann
name: Ryu, Leesun
name: Kim, Kyuhyung
name: Hobert, Oliver
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Neurons
Neurology
Gene expression
Transcription factors
Caenorhabditis elegans

description: Proneural genes are among the most early-acting genes in nervous system development, instructing blast cells to commit to a neuronal fate. Drosophila Atonal and Achaete-Scute complex (AS-C) genes, as well as their vertebrate orthologs, are basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors with such proneural activity. We show here that a C. elegans AS-C homolog, hlh-4, functions in a fundamentally different manner. In the embryonic, larval, and adult nervous systems, hlh-4 is expressed exclusively in a single nociceptive neuron class, ADL, and its expression in ADL is maintained via transcriptional autoregulation throughout the life of the animal. However, in hlh-4 null mutants, the ADL neuron is generated and still appears neuronal in overall morphology and expression of panneuronal and pansensory features. Rather than acting as a proneural gene, we find that hlh-4 is required for the ADL neuron to function properly, to adopt its correct morphology, to express its unusually large repertoire of olfactory receptor–encoding genes, and to express other known features of terminal ADL identity, including neurotransmitter phenotype, neuropeptides, ion channels, and electrical synapse proteins. hlh-4 is sufficient to induce ADL identity features upon ectopic expression in other neuron types. The expression of ADL terminal identity features is directly controlled by HLH-4 via a phylogenetically conserved E-box motif, which, through bioinformatic analysis, we find to constitute a predictive feature of ADL-expressed terminal identity markers. The lineage that produces the ADL neuron was previously shown to require the conventional, transient proneural activity of another AS-C homolog, hlh-14, demonstrating sequential activities of distinct AS-C-type bHLH genes in neuronal specification. Taken together, we have defined here an unconventional function of an AS-C-type bHLH gene as a terminal selector of neuronal identity and we speculate that such function could be reflective of an ancestral function of an “ur-” bHLH gene.