cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reversible and irreversible processes during cyclic voltammetry of an electrodeposited manganese oxide as catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Creators: name: Villalobos, Javier
name: Golnak, Ronny
name: Xi, Lifei
name: Schuck, Götz
name: Risch, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manganese oxides have received much attention over the years among the wide range of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to their low toxicity, high abundance and rich redox chemistry. While many previous studies focused on the activity of these materials, a better understanding of the material transformations relating to activation or degradation is highly desirable, both from a scientific perspective and for applications. We electrodeposited Na-containing MnOx without long-range order from an alkaline solution to investigate these aspects by cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Mn-K and Mn-L edges. The pristine film was assigned to a layered edge-sharing Mn3+/4+ oxide with Mn-O bond lengths of mainly 1.87 Å and some at 2.30 Å as well as Mn-Mn bond lengths of 2.87 Å based on fits to the extended x-ray fine structure. The decrease of the currents at voltages before the onset of the OER followed power laws with three different exponents depending on the number of cycles and the Tafel slope decreases from 186 \pm 48 to 114 \pm 18 mV dec-1 after 100 cycles, which we interpret in the context of surface coverage with unreacted intermediates. Post-mortem microscopy and bulk spectroscopy at the Mn-K edge showed no change of the microstructure, bulk local structure or bulk Mn valence. Yet, the surface region of MnOx oxidized toward Mn4+, which explains the reduction of the currents in agreement with literature. Surprisingly, we find that MnOx reactivates after 30 min at open-circuit (OC), where the currents and also the Tafel slope increase. Reactivation processes during OC are crucial because OC is unavoidable when coupling the electrocatalysts to intermittent power sources such as solar energy for sustainable energy production.
description: Author Version
Complete representation by partial functions for signatures containing antidomain restriction
Creators: name: McLean, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate notions of complete representation by partial functions, where the operations in the signature include antidomain restriction and may include composition, intersection, update, preferential union, domain, antidomain, and set difference. When the signature includes both antidomain restriction and intersection, the join-complete and the meet-complete representations coincide. Otherwise, for the signatures we consider, meet-complete is strictly stronger than join-complete. A necessary condition to be meet-completely representable is that the atoms are separating. For the signatures we consider, this condition is sufficient if and only if composition is not in the signature. For each of the signatures we consider, the class of (meet-)completely representable algebras is not axiomatisable by any existential-universal-existential first-order theory. For 14 expressively distinct signatures, we show, by giving an explicit representation, that the (meet-)completely representable algebras form a basic elementary class, axiomatisable by a universal-existential-universal first-order sentence. The signatures we axiomatise are those containing antidomain restriction and any of intersection, update, and preferential union and also those containing antidomain restriction, composition, and intersection and any of update, preferential union, domain, and antidomain.
description: Correction of term definition of the constant 1. 25 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1407.1243
Fuglede's conjecture fails in dimension 4
Creators: name: Matolcsi, Mate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B99, 20K01

description: In this note we give an example of a set $\W\subset \R^4$ such that $L^2(\W)$ admits an orthonormal basis of exponentials $\{\frac{1}{|\W |^{1/2}}e^{2πi x, ξ}\}_{ξ\inŁ}$ for some set $Ł\subset\R^4$, but which does not tile $\R^4$ by translations. This improves Tao's recent 5-dimensional example, and shows that one direction of Fuglede's conjecture fails already in dimension 4. Some common properties of translational tiles and spectral sets are also proved.
description: 6 pages
A genetic analysis of Escherichia coli using bioinformatic methods
Creators: name: Khumphai, Phataraporn
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Escherichia coli Genetics
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Escherichia coli is the best-known species of Enterobacteriaceae. The species is genetically diverse and includes both commensal pathogenic strains and plays a significant role in veterinarian, environmental, and medical science. Despite the significance of E. coli, many aspects of the species biology, such as its genetic diversity and the pathogenesis are yet to be truly understood. To understand the diversity of E. coli as a whole, genome data of E. coli derived from variety of sources: humans, animals, and environment are essential. The aims of the research are to take the outstanding opportunity provided by the availability of many new E. coli genomes and to make use of a variety of bioinformatics tools to investigate the genetic diversity and reconstruct the evolutionary history of E. coli based on a genetic analysis and a comparative genomic approach. The thesis includes three main themes. Firstly, "Distribution of extra-intestinal virulence traits among E. coli isolated from native Australian vertebrates with those isolated from humans living in Australia". The frequency and distribution of extra-intestinal virulence traits in a collection of E. coli isolated from native Australian vertebrates as compared to E. coli isolated from humans living in Australia were reported. The result shows that the frequency and distribution of some traits varies with the source of isolation, human versus animal, and that there are traits typically associated with pathogenicity islands that are absent or very rare in animal isolates. The detected high rates of recombination in phylo-group B2 strains suggest that this is an important evolutionary adaptation for attaining virulence. Secondly, "Investigation of the evolution of conjugative plasmids in E. coli and their changing role in E. coli ecology". Conjugative plasmids: key agents in the adaptation of E. coli populations were investigated. Comparing between IncI1 and IncF plasmids, IncI1 plasmids were found to be more homogeneous and genetically conserved than IncF plasmids. These plasmids have changed their role as mediators of intra- and interspecies interactions to become associated with E. coli virulence. Lastly, "Genetic and metabolic characteristics of phylo-group F". In this study, phylo-group F: a recently described group of E. coli strains was investigated. Strains belonging to phylo-group F were found to be closely related to phylo-group D strains known to be responsible for extra-intestinal infection. Whilst a high degree of strain-specific genome differences were identified among F strains, some of genes shared by F strains (absent in D, B2, and H299) were also present in other phylo-groups (A, B1, and E). All together the outcomes of this project lead to significant advances in our understanding presented in E. coli species.
Effects of shell thickness on cross-helicity generation in convection-driven spherical dynamos
Creators: name: Silva, Luis
name: Gupta, Parag
name: MacTaggart, David
name: Simitev, Radostin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative importance of the helicity and cross-helicity electromotive dynamo effects for self-sustained magnetic field generation by chaotic thermal convection in rotating spherical shells is investigated as a function of shell thickness. Two distinct branches of dynamo solutions are found to coexist in direct numerical simulations for shell aspect ratios between 0.25 and 0.6 - a mean-field dipolar regime and a fluctuating dipolar regime. The properties characterising the coexisting dynamo attractors are compared and contrasted, including differences in temporal behavior and spatial structures of both the magnetic field and rotating thermal convection. The helicity $α$-effect and the cross-helicity $γ$-effect are found to be comparable in intensity within the fluctuating dipolar dynamo regime, where their ratio does not vary significantly with the shell thickness. In contrast, within the mean-field dipolar dynamo regime the helicity $α$-effect dominates by approximately two orders of magnitude and becomes stronger with decreasing shell thickness.
description: Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521; CODEN: FLUICM); Accepted 2020-12-12
Computational investigation on the effect of Oleuropein aglycone on the α-Synuclein aggregation
Creators: name: Borah, Priyanka
name: Airy Sanjeev
name: Venkata Satish Kumar Mattaparthi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is considered to be the second most common progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, which is caused by misfolding and aggregation of Alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein). It is characterized by distinct aggregated fibrillary form of α-synuclein known as the Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. The most promising approach to combat PD is to prevent the misfolding and subsequent aggregation of α-synuclein. Recently, Oleuropein aglycone (OleA) has been reported to stabilize the monomeric structure of α-synuclein, subsequently favoring the growth of non-toxic aggregates. Therefore, understanding the conformational dynamics of α-synuclein monomer in presence of OleA is significant. Here, we have investigated the effect of OleA on the conformational dynamics and the aggregation propensity of α-synuclein using molecular dynamics simulation. From MD trajectory analysis, we noticed that when OleA is bound to α-synuclein, the intramolecular distance between non-amyloid-β component (NAC) domain and C-terminal domain of α-synuclein was increased, while long-range hydrophobic interactions between the two region was reduced. OleA was found to interact with the N-terminal domain of α-synuclein, making this region unavailable for interaction with membranes and lipids for the formation of cellular toxic aggregates. From the binding free energy (BFE) analysis, we found binding affinity between α-synuclein and OleA to be indeed high (ΔGbind = -12.56 kcal mol−1 from MM-PBSA and ΔGbind = -27.41 kcal mol−1from MM-GBSA). Our findings in this study thus substantiate the effect of OleA on the structure and stabilization of α-synuclein monomer that subsequently favors growth of stable and non-toxic aggregates.
Quantum Critical Point between Two-Channel Kondo and Fermi-Liquid Phases
Creators: name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the emergence of quantum critical points near a two-channel Kondo phase by evaluating an $f$-electron entropy of a seven-orbital impurity Anderson model hybridized with three ($Γ_7$ and $Γ_8$) conduction bands with the use of a numerical renormalization group method First we consider the case of Pr$^{3+}$ ion, in which quadrupole two-channel Kondo effect is known to occur for the local $Γ_3$ doublet state. When we control crystalline electric field (CEF) potentials so as to change the local CEF ground state from $Γ_3$ doublet to $Γ_1$ singlet or $Γ_5$ triplet, we commonly observe a residual entropy of $\log ϕ$ with the golden ratio $ϕ=(1+\sqrt{5})/2$, which is equal to that for three-channel Kondo effect. This peculiar residual entropy is also observed for the case of Nd$^{3+}$ ion, in which magnetic two-channel Kondo phase is found to occur for the local $Γ_6$ doublet state. We envisage a scenario that the quantum critical point characterized by $\log ϕ$ generally appears between two-channel Kondo and Fermi-liquid phases.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures. To appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Spin-orbit interaction in Au structures of various dimensionalities
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoping
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Weng, Hongming
name: Dong, Jinming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variation of the geometrical and electronic properties of the gold materials in different dimensions has been investigated by $ab$ $initio$ method, taking into account the spin-orbit (SO) interaction. It is found that SO effects in different dimensional Au materials depend greatly on fundamental symmetry and dimensionality. For single walled gold nanotubes (SWGNTs), SO interaction decreases significantly the conducting channel number of achiral SWGNT (4, 0), and leads to spin splitting at Fermi level of chiral SWGNT, indicating that quasi-1D SWGNT can be a good candidate for the spin-electron devices. Furthermore, our results suggest that cage cluster might be synthesizable experimentally by taking gold tube structure as parent material.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Persistence to therapy and risk of fracture in patients treated with antiosteoporotic drugs: analysis of costs and consequences
Creators: name: Orlando, Valentina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Medication non-adherence is an important public health concern, affecting health outcomes and overall health care costs. Adherence is becoming a priority included in the political agenda of health care system. In 2012 was launched from EC the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP-AHA). The EIP-AHA A1 Action Group is focused on prescription and adherence. Part of the results of this thesis have been made available to A1 Action Group as preliminary data that might be useful for the further focused interventions.
This thesis aims to provide more evidence on relation between poor adherence and adverse outcomes and to define reason of poor adherence, by using drug-utilization approaches using different sources of health-related automated databases. The scope of the study is also to evaluate economic impact of enhancing adherence by using real-life approach. The case study is population exposure to anti-osteoporotic drugs: with ageing populations, the burden of osteoporotic fractures on society will increase in the coming years and the prevention of osteoporotic fractures is therefore a major public health issue.
The results showed sub optimal level of persistence and drug regimen is one of the strong predictors of non-adherence. Gender influences adherence to therapy and this is an issue that could be taken in strong consideration in tailor intervention to improve adherence. Another aspect is comorbidity this highlighted that an approach centered on comorbidity/multimorbidity, could be more pertinent, in particular when address health issues concerning older people. The ICER , expressed in terms of cost/fracture avoided equals € 821. This value indicates the cost that the NHS should support each fracture avoided
This thesis demonstrated the potential of the use of existing data sources to evaluate appropriateness of drug use. Drugs cost money to buy, but if we use them in an appropriate way we can also save costs in other areas. In particular enhancing adherence to medication may lead to reductions in the number of patients requiring hospitalization. This research only explored cost effectiveness of improve adherence in drug use for osteoporosis, but clearly many different pattern of drugs for chronic conditions could be assessed in a similar way.
Probing the fibrillation of lysozyme by nanoscale infrared spectroscopy
Creators: name: Zeyaul Islam
name: Ali, Mohamed H.
name: Popelka, Anton
name: Raghvendra Mall
name: Ullah, Ehsan
name: Janarthanan Ponraj
name: Prasanna R. Kolatkar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Amyloid fibrillation is the root cause of several neuro as well as non-neurological disorders. Understanding the molecular basis of amyloid aggregate formation is crucial for deciphering various neurodegenerative diseases. In our study, we have examined the lysozyme fibrillation process using nano-infrared spectroscopy (nanoIR). NanoIR enabled us to investigate both structural and chemical characteristics of lysozyme fibrillar species concurrently. The spectroscopic results indicate that lysozyme transformed into a fibrillar structure having mainly parallel β-sheets, with almost no antiparallel β-sheets. Features such as protein stiffness have a good correlation with obtained secondary structural information showing the state of the protein within the fibrillation state. The structural and chemical details were compared with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and circular dichroism (CD). We have utilized nanoIR and measured infrared spectra to characterize lysozyme amyloid fibril structures in terms of morphology, molecular structure, secondary structure content, stability, and size of the cross-β core. We have shown that the use of nanoIR can complement other biophysical studies to analyze the aggregation process and is particularly useful for studying proteins involved in aggregation to help in designing molecules against amyloid aggregation. Specifically, the nanoIR spectra afford higher resolution information and a characteristic fingerprint for determining states of aggregation.
Electric-field-induced electroporation and permeation of reactive oxygen species across a skin membrane
Creators: name: Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
name: Surendra Kumar
name: Eun-Ha Choi
name: Kim, Mi-Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Electroporation processes affect the permeability of cell membranes, which can be utilized for the delivery of plasma species in cancer therapy. By means of computational dynamics, many aspects of membrane electroporation have been unveiled at the atomic level for lipid membranes. Herein, a molecular dynamics simulation study was performed on native and oxidized membrane systems with transversal electric fields. The simulation result shows that the applied electric field mainly affects the membrane properties so that electroporation takes place and these pores are lined by hydrophilic headgroups of the lipid components. The calculated hydrophobic thickness, lateral diffusion and pair correlation revealed the role of 5α-CH in creation of water-pore in an oxidized membrane. Additionally, the permeability of reactive oxygen species was examined through these electroporated systems. The permeability study suggested that water pores in the membrane facilitate the penetration of these species across the membrane to the interior of the cell. These findings may have significance in experimental applications in vivo as once the reactive oxygen species reaches the interior of the cell, they may cause oxidative stress and induce apoptosis. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Negotiating displacement : a study of land and livelihoods in rural East Timor
Creators: name: Myat Thu, Pyone
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: HN710.3.A8 M93 2012
subject: Rural population Timor-Leste
subject: Forced migration Timor-Leste
subject: Timor-Leste Social conditions
subject: Timor-Leste Rural conditions
subject: Timor-Leste Economic conditions

description: This thesis is a study of the strategies two rural communities employ to negotiate land and livelihoods under conditions of internal displacement. I contend that internal displacement has enduring and transformative effects. The dynamics of internal displacement are examined in the context of East Timor, a country that has tolerated cumulative foreign domination, and where displacement is predominately considered a product of conflict. I take an alternative view to suggest that displacement has equally been produced by successive attempts of state territorialisation and development interventions. One effect of conceptualising internal displacement as conflict-induced is the dominant representation of 'displaced' East Timorese as passive and disempowered victims of war and occupation. Engaging local perspectives and experiences of displacement, the ethnographic case studies presented in this thesis seek to illustrate how 'displaced' East Timorese respond, adapt and creatively transcend their circumstances. Focussing on two rural communities forcibly resettled by the Indonesian authorities in Laga and Same Sub-Districts, findings illustrate that resettled individuals and families forged new economic relations and mobilised extended kin-based ties, in order to negotiate access to customary land to rebuild their livelihoods in the sites of resettlement. My ethnographic focus also considers the perspectives of customary landowners who have had to negotiate the consequences of displacement by reworking conditions of land access and social relations to accommodate incoming settlers. What began as involuntary resettlement is increasingly showing signs of transforming into other modes of mobility. Now free to return to their ancestral places of origin, 'displaced' East Timorese are strategically situating themselves to create multi-local livelihoods within the changing political and economic environment. There is however an inherent tension in negotiating an existence between the ancestral settlement and resettlement sites as some individuals and families have come to embrace ideas of 'modernity' through their experiences, which is unsettling their commitment to their ancestral land. I suggest that 'displaced' East Timorese are attempting to ameliorate this tension by finding 'translocal' solutions.
Monte Carlo radiative transfer in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Pinte, Christophe
name: Menard, Francois
name: Duchene, Gaspard
name: Bastien, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new continuum 3D radiative transfer code, MCFOST, based on a Monte-Carlo method. MCFOST can be used to calculate (i) monochromatic images in scattered light and/or thermal emission, (ii) polarisation maps, (iii) interferometric visibilities, (iv) spectral energy distributions and (v) dust temperature distributions of protoplanetary disks. Several improvements to the standard Monte Carlo method are implemented in MCFOST to increase efficiency and reduce convergence time, including wavelength distribution adjustments, mean intensity calculations and an adaptive sampling of the radiation field. The reliability and efficiency of the code are tested against a previously defined benchmark, using a 2D disk configuration. No significant difference (no more than 10%, and generally much less) is found between the temperatures and SEDs calculated by MCFOST and by other codes included in the benchmark. A study of the lowest disk mass detectable by Spitzer, around young stars, is presented and the colours of ``representative'' parametric disks are compared to recent IRAC and MIPS Spitzer colours of solar-like young stars located in nearby star forming regions.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Alternating Minimization Based First-Order Method for the Wireless Sensor Network Localization Problem
Creators: name: Gur, Eyal
name: Sabach, Shoham
name: Shtern, Shimrit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an algorithm for the Wireless Sensor Network localization problem, which is based on the well-known algorithmic framework of Alternating Minimization. We start with a non-smooth and non-convex minimization, and transform it into an equivalent smooth and non-convex problem, which stands at the heart of our study. This paves the way to a new method which is globally convergent: not only does the sequence of objective function values converge, but the sequence of the location estimates also converges to a unique location that is a critical point of the corresponding (original) objective function. The proposed algorithm has a range of fully distributed to fully centralized implementations, which all have the property of global convergence. The algorithm is tested over several network configurations, and it is shown to produce more accurate solutions within a shorter time relative to existing methods.
Exact mobility edges for almost-periodic CMV matrices via gauge symmetries
Creators: name: Cedzich, Christopher
name: Fillman, Jake
name: Li, Long
name: Ong, Darren
name: Zhou, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the symmetries of so-called generalized extended CMV matrices. It is well-documented that problems involving reflection symmetries of standard extended CMV matrices can be subtle. We show how to deal with this in an elegant fashion by passing to the class of generalized extended CMV matrices via explicit diagonal unitaries in the spirit of Cantero-Grünbaum-Moral-Velázquez. As an application of these ideas, we construct an explicit family of almost-periodic CMV matrices, which we call the mosaic unitary almost-Mathieu operator, and prove the occurrence of exact mobility edges. That is, we show the existence of energies that separate spectral regions with absolutely continuous and pure point spectrum and exactly calculate them.
description: 35 pages, 3 figures
Structural dynamics of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) protein and two clinically relevant mutants: molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Houndonougbo, Yao
name: Pugh, Bethany
name: Kandise VanWormer
name: April, Caitlin
name: Burgis, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) protein is responsible for removing noncanonical purine nucleoside triphosphates from intracellular nucleotide pools. Absence of ITPA results in genomic instability and increased levels of inosine in DNA and RNA. The proline to threonine substitution at position 32 (P32T) affects roughly 15% of the global population and can modulate treatment outcomes for cancer, lupus, and hepatitis C patients. The substitution of arginine with cysteine at position 178 (R178C) is extremely uncommon and has only been reported in a small cohort of early infantile encephalopathy patients suggesting that a functional ITPA protein is required for life in humans. Here we present molecular dynamic simulations that describe the structure and dynamics of the wild-type ITPA homodimer and two of its clinically relevant mutants, P32T and R178C. The simulation results indicate that both the P32T and R178C mutations alter the structure and dynamic properties of the protein and provide a possible explanation of the experimentally observed effect of the mutations on ITPA activity. Specifically, the mutations increased the overall flexibility of the protein and changed the dominant collective motions of the top lobe as well as the helix 2 of the lower lobe. Moreover, we have identified key active-site residues that are classified as essential or intermediate for inosine triphosphate (ITP) hydrolyzing activity based on their hydrogen bond occupancy. Here we also present biochemical data indicating that the R178C mutant has very low ITP hydrolyzing activity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Stakeholder Requirements for UDI in the Consumer Goods Products 2
Creators: name: Psaltoglou, Artemis
name: Chapizanis, Dimitrios
name: Kostopoulos, Ioannis
name: Bougiouklis, Kostas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This report complements D2.1 and presents the main findings of the iPRODUCE Task2.1 2nd round, EU-level, survey that captured EU citizens’, makers’ and manufacturers’ perceptions, needs around social manufacturing, insights about makerspaces’ acceptance as well as main drivers and barriers of their development. The report is structured as follows: Section 1 provides a short description of the context that motivated the project and introduces the main research questions that guided this study. Section 2 presents an up-to-date literature review regarding the main drivers, barriers, and challenges of makerspaces and current state-of-the-art in the field of social manufacturing. Section 3 includes all information related to the survey design and implementation methodology. In Section 4, we present descriptive findings closely related to individual perceptions and levels of acceptance. This section also includes the main findings from the statistical analysis of the 2nd round dataset using an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model. Section 5 provides theoretical recommendations, based on the identified behavioural and intentional insights that were captured in T2.1, highlighting potentially desirable features with regard to the design of the iPRODUCE platform for social manufacturing. Finally, summary of key findings, conclusions and further discussion are presented in Section 6.
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-118
Creators: name: Tonprathum, Kaew
name: Tonprathum, Sompong
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: thm

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy, creaky) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-118. Other voices included. Recorded using Praat on a Macbook Pro from early 2011. Consultant Kaew Tonprathum is a 58-year-old male and is the main consultant in this recording.
On the Koide-like Relations for the Running Masses of Charged Leptons, Neutrinos and Quarks
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
name: Zhang, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current experimental data indicate that the Koide relation for the pole masses of charged leptons, which can be parametrized as $Q^{pole}_l = 2/3$, is valid up to the accuracy of $O(10^{-5})$. We show that the running masses of charged leptons fail in satisfying the Koide relation (i.e., $Q_l(μ) \neq 2/3$), but the discrepancy between $Q_l (μ)$ and $Q^{pole}_l$ is only about 0.2% at $μ=M_Z$. The Koide-like relations for the running masses of neutrinos ($1/3 < Q_ν(M_Z) < 0.6$), up-type quarks ($Q_{U}(M_Z) \sim 0.89$) and down-type quarks ($Q_{D}(M_Z) \sim 0.74$) are also examined from $M_Z$ up to the typical seesaw scale $M_R \sim 10^{14}$ GeV, and they are found to be nearly stable against radiative corrections. The approximate stability of $Q_{U}(μ)$ and $Q_{D}(μ)$ is mainly attributed to the strong mass hierarchy of quarks, while that of $Q_l(μ)$ and $Q_ν(μ)$ is essentially for the reason that the lepton mass ratios are rather insensitive to radiative corrections.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The nature of hypergraph $k$-core percolation problems
Creators: name: Bianconi, Ginestra
name: Dorogovtsev, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypergraphs are higher-order networks that capture the interactions between two or more nodes. Hypergraphs can always be represented by factor graphs, i.e. bipartite networks between nodes and factor nodes (representing groups of nodes). Despite this universal representation, here we reveal that $k$-core percolation on hypergraphs can be significantly distinct from $k$-core percolation on factor graphs. We formulate the theory of hypergraph $k$-core percolation based on the assumption that a hyperedge can only be intact if all its nodes are intact. This scenario applies for instance to supply chains where the production of a product requires all raw materials and all processing steps; in biology it applies to protein-interaction networks where protein complexes can only function if all the proteins are present, and it applies as well to chemical reaction networks where a chemical reaction can take place only when all the reactants are present. Formulating a message-passing theory for hypergraph $k$-core percolation, and combining it with the theory of critical phenomena on networks we demonstrate sharp differences with previously studied factor graph $k$-core percolation processes where it is allowed for hyperedges to have one or more damaged nodes and still be intact. To solve the dichotomy between $k$-core percolation on hypergraphs and on factor graphs, we define a set of pruning processes that act either exclusively on nodes or exclusively on hyperedges and depend of their second-neighborhood connectivity. We show that the resulting second-neighbor $k$-core percolation problems are significantly distinct from each other. Moreover we reveal that although these processes remain distinct from factor graphs $k$-core processes, when the pruning process acts exclusively on hyperedges the phase diagram is reduced to the one of factor graph $k$-cores.
description: (18 pages, 8 figures)
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type AD
Figs 2, 11H–M
Type AD – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 4, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 10 LSN, 3 of which molted to cyprids; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body short-handled spoon-shaped in dorso-ventral view; about 1.6 times as long as wide; cephalic shield ovate, with some discontinuity in body outline leading into trunk. In lateral view, trunk axis bent downwards ca 15–20° with respect to cephalic axis. Length 300–340 µm (ventral view in life, without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width 190–200 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 100 µm. Labrum hoe-shaped in ventral view with free posterior margin; surface divided into facets by cuticular ridges; posterior half of labral midline with keel-like elevation extending into postero-median spine; pores not examined in detail, but one pair certainly present in left and right postero-lateral corners. Caudal end attenuate, terminating in ca 35 µm long, dorsally inclined dorso-caudal spine upturned ca 35° relative to trunk axis and accompanied ventrally at base by pair of broad-triangular furcal spines ca 10 µm long.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body overall weakly brownish-pigmented with more distinct brown/black pigmentation in labral region, lateral margins of thorax, and telson. Cephalon with about five lipid vesicles along anterior margin, about three along each lateral margin.
Identification and variation
Easily recognizable by the combination of its general body shape, the large number of lipid vesicles along the cephalic shield’s margin, the hoe-shaped labrum and the relatively short and broad dorso-caudal spine.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on pages 30-32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
Atranorin, an antimicrobial metabolite from lichen Parmotrema rampoddense exhibited in vitro anti-breast cancer activity through interaction with Akt activity
Creators: name: Adhikesavan Harikrishnan
name: V. Veena
name: B. Lakshmi
name: R. Shanmugavalli
name: Theres, Sonia
name: C. N. Prashantha
name: Shah, Tanya
name: K. Oshin
name: Ringu Togam
name: Sisir Nandi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Atranorin (ATR), lichenized secondary metabolite and depside molecule with several biological potentials such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, wound healing and photoprotective activities. Cytotoxic reports of ATR are documented in several cancer cells and in vivo models but its molecular interaction studies are poorly understood. Therefore, in this present investigation, we have used the in silico studies with biological validation of the molecular targets for the anti-breast cancer mechanism of ATR. The molecular docking studies with the breast cancer oncoproteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, Akt, Bcl-w and Bcl-xL revealed the highest interaction was observed with the Akt followed by Bax, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 & least with the Bcl-w proteins. The cytotoxicity studies showed ATR selectively inhibited MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in differential and dose-dependent manner with the IC50 concentration of 5.36 ± 0.85 μM and 7.55 ± 1.2 μM respectively. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that ATR significantly inhibited ROS production and significantly down-regulated the anti apoptotic Akt than Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w proteins with a significant increase in the Bax level and caspases-3 activity in the breast cancer cells when comparison with Akt inhibitor, ipatasertib. In vitro biological activities well correlated with the molecular interaction data suggesting that atranorin had higher interaction with Akt than Bax and Bcl-2 but weak interaction with Bcl-w and Bcl-xL. In this present study, the first time we report the interactions of atranorin with molecular targets for anti-breast cancer potential. Hence, ATR represents the nature-inspired molecule for pharmacophore moiety for design in targeted therapy. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
$θ$-splitting Densities and Reflection Positivity
Creators: name: Ziebell, Jobst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple condition is given that is sufficient to determine whether a measure that is absolutely continuous with respect to a Gaußian measure on the space of distributions is reflection positive. It readily generalises conventional lattice results to an abstract setting, enabling the construction of many reflection positive measures that are not supported on lattices.
Analyzing the Reporting Error of Public Transport Trips in the Danish National Travel Survey Using Smart Card Data
Creators: name: Sfeir, Georges
name: Rodrigues, Filipe
name: Zeid, Maya Abou
name: Pereira, Francisco Camara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Household travel surveys have been used for decades to collect individuals and households' travel behavior. However, self-reported surveys are subject to recall bias, as respondents might struggle to recall and report their activities accurately. This study examines the time reporting error of public transit users in a nationwide household travel survey by matching, at the individual level, five consecutive years of data from two sources, namely the Danish National Travel Survey (TU) and the Danish Smart Card system (Rejsekort). Survey respondents are matched with travel cards from the Rejsekort data solely based on the respondents' declared spatiotemporal travel behavior. Approximately, 70% of the respondents were successfully matched with Rejsekort travel cards. The findings reveal a median time reporting error of 11.34 minutes, with an Interquartile Range of 28.14 minutes. Furthermore, a statistical analysis was performed to explore the relationships between the survey respondents' reporting error and their socio-economic and demographic characteristics. The results indicate that females and respondents with a fixed schedule are in general more accurate than males and respondents with a flexible schedule in reporting their times of travel. Moreover, trips reported during weekdays or via the internet displayed higher accuracies compared to trips reported during weekends and holidays or via telephone interviews. This disaggregated analysis provides valuable insights that could help in improving the design and analysis of travel surveys, as well accounting for reporting errors/biases in travel survey-based applications. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights underlying the psychology of travel recall by survey respondents.
description: 38 pages, 18 figures, 12 tables
M2Former: Multi-Scale Patch Selection for Fine-Grained Visual Recognition
Creators: name: Moon, Jiyong
name: Lee, Junseok
name: Lee, Yunju
name: Park, Seongsik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, vision Transformers (ViTs) have been actively applied to fine-grained visual recognition (FGVR). ViT can effectively model the interdependencies between patch-divided object regions through an inherent self-attention mechanism. In addition, patch selection is used with ViT to remove redundant patch information and highlight the most discriminative object patches. However, existing ViT-based FGVR models are limited to single-scale processing, and their fixed receptive fields hinder representational richness and exacerbate vulnerability to scale variability. Therefore, we propose multi-scale patch selection (MSPS) to improve the multi-scale capabilities of existing ViT-based models. Specifically, MSPS selects salient patches of different scales at different stages of a multi-scale vision Transformer (MS-ViT). In addition, we introduce class token transfer (CTT) and multi-scale cross-attention (MSCA) to model cross-scale interactions between selected multi-scale patches and fully reflect them in model decisions. Compared to previous single-scale patch selection (SSPS), our proposed MSPS encourages richer object representations based on feature hierarchy and consistently improves performance from small-sized to large-sized objects. As a result, we propose M2Former, which outperforms CNN-/ViT-based models on several widely used FGVR benchmarks.
The study of structure, electronic and optical properties of double-walled carbon nanotube bundle under hydrostatic pressure
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoping
name: Wu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining a classical force field, a tight-binding model, and first-principles calculations, we have studied structural, electronic, and optical properties of double-walled carbon nanotube (DWNT) bundles under hydrostatic pressure. We find that the outer tube acts as a protection shield for the inner tube and the inner tube increases the structure stability and the ability to resist the pressure of the outer tube. Moreover, the collapsed structures of the double-walled carbon nanotube bundle called ``parallel'' and ``in-between'' are more stable than the one called ``herringbone''. The structural phase transition induces a pseudogap along symmetry line \textit{$Γ$X}. Furthermore, the optical properties change greatly after the collapse and a strong anisotropy appears in the collapsed structure. This provides an efficient experimental way to detect structural phase transitions in DWNT bundles.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
The diocotron instability in a pulsar cylindrical electrosphere
Creators: name: Petri, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of the pulsar inner magnetosphere remains poorly constrained by observations. Although about 2000 pulsars have been discovered to date, little is known about their emission mechanism. Large vacuum gaps probably exist and a non-neutral plasma made of electrons in some regions and of positrons in some other regions fills space to form an electrosphere. The purpose of this work is to study the stability properties of the differentially rotating equatorial disk in the pulsar's electrosphere for which the magnetic field is assumed to be dipolar. In contrast to previous studies, the magnetic field is not restricted to be uniform. A pseudo-spectral Galerkin method using Tchebyshev polynomials expansion is developed to compute the spectrum of the diocotron instability in a non-neutral plasma column confined between two cylindrically conducting walls. Moreover, the inner wall carries a given charge per unit length in order to account for the presence of a charged neutron star at the centre of the electrosphere. We show several eigenfunctions and eigenspectra obtained for different initial density profiles and electromagnetic field configurations useful for laboratory plasmas. The algorithm is very efficient in computing the fastest growing modes. Applications to a cylindrical electrosphere are also shown for several differential rotation profiles. It is found that the growth rates of the diocotron instability are of the same order of magnitude as the rotation rate.
description: Accepted by A&A