cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Search for Spectral Galaxy Pairs of Overlapping Galaxies based on Fuzzy Recognition
Creators: name: Yang, Haifeng
name: Luo, Ali
name: Chen, Xiaoyan
name: Zhang, Jifu
name: Hou, Wen
name: Cai, Jianghui
name: Wei, Peng
name: Ren, Juanjuan
name: Liu, Xiaojie
name: Zhao, Yongheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spectral Galaxy Pairs (SGPs) are defined as the composite galaxy spectra which contain two independent redshift systems. These spectra are useful for studying dust properties of the foreground galaxies. In this paper, a total of 165 spectra of SGPs are mined out from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 9 (DR9) using the concept of membership degree from the fuzzy set theory particularly defined to be suitable for fuzzily identifying emission lines. The spectra and images of this sample are classified according to the membership degree and their image features, respectively. Many of these 2nd redshift systems are too small or too dim to select from the SDSS images alone, making the sample a potentially unique source of information on dust effects in low-luminosity or low-surface-brightness galaxies that are underrepresented in morphological pair samples. The dust extinction of the objects with high membership degree is also estimated by Balmer decrement. Additionally, analyses for a series of spectroscopic observations of one SGP from 165 systems indicate that a newly star-forming region of our Milky Way might occur.
description: 16pages, 6figures
Astronommical Implications of the Architecture at Casa Grande
Creators: name: Opperman, Renee
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Pioneer through Classic periods
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5421/pioneer-through-classic-periods
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Great House / Big House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/317/great-house-big-house
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview

description: This document is a Master's thesis presented to faculty at California State University. It is an in dept study of astronomical features and implications of several Indian cultures throughout the American Southwest and Mesoamerica. Schematic drawings from many of these sites reflect comparable similarities in design and function. Flow charts suggest that trade and migration played a roll in cultural modifications to behavior.
Metabolic syndrome and risk of venous thromboembolism: Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology
Creators: name: ROSAMOND, W. D.
name: FOLSOM, A. R.
name: JACOBS JR, D. R.
name: CUSHMAN, M.
name: HECKBERT, S. R.
name: STEFFEN, L. M.
name: PEACOCK, J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In a recent case-control study, the odds of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) among deep vein thrombosis cases was almost twice the odds as among controls. We tested the hypothesis that the incidence of non-cancer-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) is higher among adults with MetSyn and further, that associations are stronger for idiopathic than secondary VTE.
Rap1b is critical for glycoprotein VI-mediated but not ADP receptor-mediated α 2 β 1 activation
Creators: name: PARISE, L. V.
name: CHRZANOWSKA-WODNICKA, M.
name: LIU, J.
name: WANG, Z.
name: WHITE II, G. C.
name: YUAN, W.
name: HOLLY, S. P.
name: LARSON, M. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The platelet α2β1 integrin functions as both an adhesion and signaling receptor upon exposure to collagen. Recent studies have indicated that α2β1 function can be activated via inside-out signaling, similar to the prototypical platelet integrin αIIbβ3. However, signaling molecules that regulate α2β1 activation in platelets are not well defined. A strong candidate molecule is the small GTPase Rap1b, the dominant platelet isoform of Rap1, which regulates αIIbβ3 activation.
N-doped carbon materials as electrodes for highly stable supercapacitors
Creators: name: Ilnicka, Anna
name: Skorupska, Malgorzata
name: Szkoda, Mariusz
name: Zarach, Zuzanna
name: Lukaszewicz, Jerzy P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: This article reports a strategy to use nitrogen-doped carbon materials as electrodes for supercapacitors. Depending on the carbon precursor, the porous structure is changed with specific surface area reached up to 2270 m2 g−1. The capacitance of carbon materials used as electrodes is related strictly to pore size. The microstructure and nitrogen functionalities enable a high capacitance (327 F g−1) and cycle durability. The nanoporous carbon electrode exhibits long-term cycle life and high cycle stability with a retention of 86% of its initial after 10,000 cycles in neutral electrolyte. Highly porous carbons are thus considered a promising material for supercapacitors.
The many faces of tissue factor
Creators: name: MACKMAN, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Tissue factor (TF) is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily and binds FVII/VIIa. The TF:FVIIa complex has both procoagulant and signaling activities. It functions in many biological processes, including hemostasis, thrombosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and tumor growth. Importantly, TF is essential for hemostasis. However, increased TF expression within atherosclerotic plaques and elevated levels of circulating TF-positive micro particles promote thrombosis. TF increases inflammation by enhancing intravascular fibrin deposition, by increasing the formation of pro-inflammatory fragments of fibrin and by generating coagulation proteases, including FVIIa, FXa and thrombin, that activate protease-activated receptors (PARs). In endotoxemia and sepsis, TF-dependent thrombin generation and activation of PAR1 on dendritic cells enhance inflammation. Finally, the TF:FVIIa complex contributes to tumor growth by activating PAR2.
Electronic structure basis for the titanic magnetoresistance in WTe$_2$
Creators: name: Pletikosić, I.
name: Ali, Mazhar N.
name: Fedorov, A.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Valla, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure basis of the extremely large magnetoresistance in layered non-magnetic tungsten ditelluride has been investigated by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Hole and electron pockets of approximately the same size were found at the Fermi level, suggesting that carrier compensation should be considered the primary source of the effect. The material exhibits a highly anisotropic, quasi one-dimensional Fermi surface from which the pronounced anisotropy of the magnetoresistance follows. A change in the Fermi surface with temperature was found and a high-density-of-states band that may take over conduction at higher temperatures and cause the observed turn-on behavior of the magnetoresistance in WTe$_2$ was identified.
$ Λ_c $ semileptonic decays
Creators: name: Zhang, Sheng-Qi
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent experimental progress in the $ Λ_c $ decay that contains a neutron in the final state, we analyze the semileptonic decay $ Λ_c \rightarrow n \ell ν_\ell $ in the framework of QCD sum rules. The transition form factors are analytically computed using three-point correlation functions and the Cutkosky cutting rules, which can be extrapolated into the physical region by employing the $ z $-series parametrization. The branching fractions of $ Λ_c \rightarrow n e^+ ν_e $ and $ Λ_c \rightarrow n μ^+ ν_μ $ are estimated to be $ (0.281\pm 0.056)\%$ and $ (0.275\pm 0.055)\% $, respectively. Furthermore, we calculate as well the relevant decay asymmetry observables sensitive to new physics beyond the standard model. The numerical results of semileptonic decays $ Λ_c \rightarrow Λ\ell ν_\ell $ are also given and confronted to the latest experimental data.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Ability of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 to predict therapeutic warfarin dose during the initial weeks of therapy
Creators: name: MILLIGAN, P. E.
name: HARRIS, J. K.
name: GAGE, B. F.
name: KING, C. R.
name: DEYCH, E.
name: FERDER, N. S.
name: GOLDHABER, S. Z.
name: RIDKER, P. M.
name: EBY, C. S.
name: GIRI, T.
name: MCLEOD, H. L.
name: GLYNN, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes predict therapeutic warfarin dose at initiation of therapy; however, the predictive ability of genetic information after a week or longer is unknown. Experts have hypothesized that genotype becomes irrelevant once International Normalized Ratio (INR) values are available because INR response reflects warfarin sensitivity.
Elevated tissue factor expression contributes to exacerbated diabetic nephropathy in mice lacking eNOS fed a high fat diet: Tissue factor and diabetic nephropathy
Creators: name: THAI, T.
name: TURNER, A. L.
name: WOLBERG, A. S.
name: LI, F.
name: WANG, C.-H.
name: TAKAHASHI, N.
name: WANG, J.-G.
name: MACKMAN, N.
name: BOYSEN, G.
name: MAEDA, N.
name: XU, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Human eNOS (NOS3) polymorphisms that lower its expression are associated with advanced diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the lack of eNOS accelerates DN in diabetic mice. Diabetes is associated with fibrin deposition. Lack of nitric oxide and fatty acids stimulate the NF-kB pathway, which increases tissue factor (TF).
Deep X-ray and radio observations of the first outburst of the young magnetar Swift J1818.0-1607
Creators: name: Ibrahim, A. Y.
name: Borghese, A.
name: Rea, N.
name: Zelati, F. Coti
name: Parent, E.
name: Russell, T. D.
name: Ascenzi, S.
name: Sathyaprakash, R.
name: Gotz, D.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Topinka, M.
name: Rigoselli, M.
name: Savchenko, V.
name: Campana, S.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Perna, R.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Zane, S.
name: Esposito, P.
name: Castillo, G. A. Rodrıguez
name: Graber, V.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Dehman, C.
name: Ronchi, M.
name: Loru, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift J1818.0-1607 is a radio-loud magnetar with a spin period of 1.36 s and a dipolar magnetic field strength of B~3E14 G, which is very young compared to the Galactic pulsar population. We report here on the long-term X-ray monitoring campaign of this young magnetar using XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and Swift from the activation of its first outburst in March 2020 until October 2021, as well as INTEGRAL upper limits on its hard X-ray emission. The 1-10 keV magnetar spectrum is well modeled by an absorbed blackbody with a temperature of kT_BB~1.1 keV, and apparent reduction in the radius of the emitting region from ~0.6 to ~0.2 km. We also confirm the bright diffuse X-ray emission around the source extending between ~50'' and ~110''. A timing analysis revealed large torque variability, with an average spin-down rate nudot~-2.3E-11 Hz^2 that appears to decrease in magnitude over time. We also observed Swift J1818.0-1607 with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) on 2021 March 22. We detected the radio counterpart to Swift J1818.0-1607 measuring a flux density of S_v = 4.38+/-0.05 mJy at 3 GHz, and a half ring-like structure of bright diffuse radio emission located at ~90'' to the west of the magnetar. We tentatively suggest that the diffuse X-ray emission is due to a dust scattering halo and that the radio structure may be associated with the supernova remnant of this young pulsar, based on its morphology.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ
Defocussed Transmission Spectroscopy: A potential detection of sodium in the atmosphere of WASP-12b
Creators: name: Burton, J. R.
name: Watson, C. A.
name: Rodriguez-Gil, P.
name: Skillen, I.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Pollacco, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a pilot study of a novel observing technique, defocussed transmission spectroscopy, and its application to the study of exoplanet atmospheres using ground-based platforms. Similar to defocussed photometry, defocussed transmission spectroscopy has an added advantage over normal spectroscopy in that it reduces systematic errors due to flat-fielding, PSF variations, slit-jaw imperfections and other effects associated with ground-based observations. For one of the planetary systems studied, WASP-12b, we report a tentative detection of additional Na absorption of 0.12+/-0.03[+0.03]% during transit using a 2A wavelength mask. After consideration of a systematic that occurs mid-transit, it is likely that the true depth is actually closer to 0.15%. This is a similar level of absorption reported in the atmosphere of HD209458b (0.135+/-0.017%, Snellen et al. 2008). Finally, we outline methods that will improve the technique during future observations, based on our findings from this pilot study.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables - MNRAS accepted
Homogeneous nucleation of dislocations as a pattern formation phenomenon
Creators: name: Baggio, R.
name: Salman, O. U.
name: Truskinovsky, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dislocation nucleation in homogeneous crystals initially unfolds as a linear symmetry-breaking elastic instability. In the absence of explicit nucleation centers, such instability develops simultaneously all over the crystal and due to the dominance of long range elastic interactions it advances into the nonlinear stage as a collective phenomenon through pattern formation. In this paper we use a novel mesoscopic tensorial model (MTM) of crystal plasticity to study the delicate role of crystallographic symmetry in the development of the dislocation nucleation patterns in defect free crystals loaded in a hard device. The model is formulated in 2D and we systematically compare lattices with square and triangular symmetry. To avoid the prevalence of the conventional plastic mechanisms, we consider the loading paths represented by pure shears applied on the boundary of the otherwise unloaded body. These loading protocols can be qualified as exploiting the 'softest' and the 'hardest' directions and we show that the associated dislocation patterns are strikingly different.
Skewness consistency relation in large-scale structure and test of gravity theory
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Daisuke
name: Ishimaru, Shoya
name: Matsubara, Takahiko
name: Takahashi, Tomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the skewness of galaxy number density fluctuations as a possible probe to test gravity theories. We find that the specific linear combination of the skewness parameters corresponds to the coefficients of the second-order kernels of the density contrast, which can be regarded as the consistency relation and used as a test of general relativity and modified gravity theories. We also extend the analysis of the skewness parameters from real space to redshift space and derive the redshift-space skewness consistency relation.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, v3:Matches published version
In non-severe hemophilia A the risk of inhibitor after intensive factor treatment is greater in older patients: a case-control study: Inhibitors in mild and moderate hemophilia A
Creators: name: THOMPSON, A. R.
name: KEMPTON, C. L.
name: ESCOBAR, M. A.
name: MILLER, C. H.
name: SOUCIE, J. M.
name: ABSHIRE, T. C.
name: COHEN, A. J.
name: KEY, N. S.
name: HOOPER, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Twenty-five percent of new anti-factor VIII (FVIII) antibodies (inhibitors) that complicate hemophilia A occur in those with mild and moderate disease. Although intensive FVIII treatment has long been considered a risk factor for inhibitor development in those with non-severe disease, its strength of association and the influence of other factors have remained undefined.
Venous thromboembolism in malignant gliomas
Creators: name: KEY, N. S.
name: SCHIFF, D.
name: JENKINS, E. O.
name: MACKMAN, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Malignant gliomas are associated with a very high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). While many clinical risk factors have previously been described in brain tumor patients, the risk of VTE associated with newer anti-angiogenic therapies such as bevacizumab in these patients remains unclear. When VTE occurs in this patient population, concern regarding the potential for intracranial hemorrhage complicates management decisions regarding anticoagulation, and these patients have a worse prognosis than their VTE-free counterparts. Risk stratification models identifying patients at high risk of developing VTE along with predictive plasma biomarkers may guide the selection of eligible patients for primary prevention with pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis. Recent studies exploring disordered coagulation, such as increased expression of tissue factor (TF), and tumorigenic molecular signaling may help to explain the increased risk of VTE in patients with malignant gliomas.
Association of coagulation-related and inflammation-related genes and factor VIIc levels with stroke: the Cardiovascular Health Study: Coagulation and inflammation genes and stroke
Creators: name: LONGSTRETH, W. T.
name: ZAKAI, N. A.
name: REINER, A. P.
name: KELLEY, J. L.
name: LANGE, L.
name: FORNAGE, M.
name: O’MEARA, E. S.
name: CUSHMAN, M.
name: NIKERSON, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Thrombosis and inflammation are critical in stroke etiology, but associations of coagulation and inflammation gene variants with stroke, and particularly factor VII levels are inconclusive.
Hyperon-Nucleon Interaction Constrained by Light Hypernuclei
Creators: name: Knöll, Marco
name: Roth, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ab initio structure calculations for p-shell hypernuclei have recently become accessible through extensions of nuclear many-body methods, such as the no-core shell model, in combination with hyperon-nucleon interactions from chiral effective field theory. However, the low-energy constants in these hyperon-nucleon interactions are poorly constraint due to the very limited amount of experimental scattering data available. We present a hyperon-nucleon interaction that is additionally constrained by experimental ground-state and spectroscopic data for selected p-shell hypernuclei and, thus, optimized for hypernuclear structure calculations. We show that the previous overestimation of the hyperon separation energies in the p-shell is remedied and discuss the significantly improved description of the $_Λ$He isotopic chain. We further discuss the uncertainty quantification for hypernuclear observables on the many-body level, obtained through a novel machine-learning tool.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Differential contributions of monocyte- and platelet-derived microparticles towards thrombin generation and fibrin formation and stability: Differential MP procoagulant activity
Creators: name: HARRISON, P.
name: GARDINER, C.
name: WOLBERG, A. S.
name: ALEMAN, M. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Microparticles (MPs) are submicron vesicles shed by activated or apoptotic cells, including platelets and monocytes. Increased circulating MPs are associated with thrombosis; however, their role in thrombogenesis is poorly understood.
Holographic dark energy through Kaniadakis entropy in non flat universe
Creators: name: P, Suresh Kumar
name: Pandey, Bramha Dutta
name: Sharma, Umesh Kumar
name: Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By extending the standard holographic principle to a cosmological framework and combining the non-flat condition with the Kaniadakis entropy, we construct the non-flat Kaniadakis holographic dark energy model. The model employs Kaniadakis parameter $K$ and a parameter $c$. Derivation of the differential equation for KHDE density parameter to describe the evolutionary behavior of the universe is obtained. Such a differential equation could explain both the open as well as closed universe models. The classification based on matter and dark energy (DE) dominated regimes show that the KHDE scenario may be used to specify the Universe's thermal history and that a quintom regime can be encountered. For open and closed both the cases, we find the expressions for the deceleration parameter and the equation of state (EoS) parameter. Also, by varying the associated parameters, classical stability of the method is established. On considering the curvature to be positive, the universe favors the quintom behavior for substantially smaller values as opposed to the flat condition, when only quintessence is attained for such $K$ values. Additionally, we see a similar behavior while considering the curvature to be negative for such $K$ values. Therefore, adding a little bit of spatial geometry that isn't flat to the KHDE enhances the phenomenology while maintaining $K$ values at lower levels. To validate the model parameters, the most recent $30\;H(z)$ dataset measurements, in the redshift range $0.07 \leq z \leq 1.965$ are utilized. In addition, the distance modulus measurement from the current Union 2.1 data set of type Ia supernovae are employed.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Relative contributions of stromal interaction molecule 1 and CalDAG-GEFI to calcium-dependent platelet activation and thrombosis: STIM1 and CalDAG-GEFI in platelet activation
Creators: name: AHMAD, F.
name: BERGMEIER, W.
name: PONCZ, M.
name: FESKE, S.
name: BOULAFTALI, Y.
name: GREENE, T. K.
name: OUELLETTE, T. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) was recently identified as a critical component of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in platelets. We previously reported the Ca2+-sensing guanine nucleotide exchange factor CalDAG-GEFI as critical molecule in Ca2+ signaling in platelets.
Magnetically controlled mass loss from extrasolar planets in close orbits
Creators: name: Owen, James E.
name: Adams, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the role magnetic fields play in guiding and controlling mass-loss via evaporative outflows from exoplanets that experience UV irradiation. First we present analytic results that account for planetary and stellar magnetic fields, along with mass-loss from both the star and planet. We then conduct series of numerical simulations for gas giant planets, and vary the planetary field strength, background stellar field strength, UV heating flux, and planet mass. These simulations show that the flow is magnetically controlled for moderate field strengths and even the highest UV fluxes, i.e., planetary surface fields $B_P\gtrsim 0.3$ gauss and fluxes $F_{UV}\sim10^{6}$ erg s$^{-1}$. We thus conclude that outflows from all hot Jupiters with moderate surface fields are magnetically controlled. The inclusion of magnetic fields highly suppresses outflow from the night-side of the planet. Only the magnetic field lines near the pole are open and allow outflow to occur. The fraction of open field lines depends sensitively on the strength (and geometry) of the background magnetic field from the star, along with the UV heating rate. The net effect of the magnetic field is to suppress the mass loss rate by (approximately) an order of magnitude. Finally, some open field lines do not allow the flow to pass smoothly through the sonic point; flow along these streamlines does not reach steady-state, resulting in time-variable mass-loss.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 20 pages, 13 figures
The septic milieu triggers expression of spliced tissue factor mRNA in human platelets: Sepsis induces platelet tissue factor mRNA
Creators: name: SCHWERTZ, H.
name: ZIMMERMAN, G. A.
name: MACKMAN, N.
name: HARRIS, E. S.
name: GRISSOM, C. K.
name: RONDINA, M. T.
name: KRAEMER, B. F.
name: WEYRICH, A. S.
name: CAMPBELL, R. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Activated platelets have previously-unrecognized mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene expression that may influence hemostasis and inflammation. A novel pathway involves splicing of pre-mRNAs in resting platelets to mature, translatable mRNAs in response to cellular activation.
Brain Tumor Synthetic Data Generation with Adaptive StyleGANs
Creators: name: Tariq, Usama
name: Qureshi, Rizwan
name: Zafar, Anas
name: Aftab, Danyal
name: Wu, Jia
name: Alam, Tanvir
name: Shah, Zubair
name: Ali, Hazrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative models have been very successful over the years and have received significant attention for synthetic data generation. As deep learning models are getting more and more complex, they require large amounts of data to perform accurately. In medical image analysis, such generative models play a crucial role as the available data is limited due to challenges related to data privacy, lack of data diversity, or uneven data distributions. In this paper, we present a method to generate brain tumor MRI images using generative adversarial networks. We have utilized StyleGAN2 with ADA methodology to generate high-quality brain MRI with tumors while using a significantly smaller amount of training data when compared to the existing approaches. We use three pre-trained models for transfer learning. Results demonstrate that the proposed method can learn the distributions of brain tumors. Furthermore, the model can generate high-quality synthetic brain MRI with a tumor that can limit the small sample size issues. The approach can addresses the limited data availability by generating realistic-looking brain MRI with tumors. The code is available at: ~\url{https://github.com/rizwanqureshi123/Brain-Tumor-Synthetic-Data}.
description: Accepted in AICS conference
A high affinity, antidote-controllable prothrombin and thrombin-binding RNA aptamer inhibits thrombin generation and thrombin activity: An antidote-controllable prothrombin RNA aptamer
Creators: name: MONROE, D. M.
name: BOMPIANI, K. M.
name: CHURCH, F. C.
name: SULLENGER, B. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The conversion of prothrombin to thrombin is one of two non-duplicated enzymatic reactions during coagulation. Thrombin has long been considered an optimal anticoagulant target because it plays a crucial role in fibrin clot formation by catalyzing the cleavage of fibrinogen, upstream coagulation cofactors, and platelet receptors. Although a number of anti-thrombin therapeutics exist, it is challenging to use them clinically due to their propensity to induce bleeding. Previously, we isolated a modified RNA aptamer (R9D-14) that binds prothrombin with high affinity and is a potent anticoagulant in vitro.
An easy tool for the Monte Carlo simulation of the passage of photons and electrons through matter
Creators: name: Moya, Víctor
name: Rosado, Jaime
name: Arqueros, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm for the simulation of the passage of low-energy gamma rays and electrons through any material medium is presented. The algorithm includes several approximations that accelerate the simulation while maintaining reasonably accurate results. Systematic comparisons for both photons and electrons have been made against the MC code PENELOPE and experimental data to validate the algorithm, showing deviations in the deposited energy smaller than or around 10% in the energy interval of 0.1 - 5 MeV in light media. The simulation is also valid for heavy media, but with less accuracy at high energy. The algorithm has been implemented in an open-source Python package called LegPy, which provides an easy-to-use framework for rapid MC simulations aiming to be useful for applications that do not require the level of detail of available well-established MC programs.
description: 14 Figures, 9 pages
Continuum estimate of the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient $κ$
Creators: name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among quantities playing a central role in the theoretical interpretation of heavy ion collision experiments at RHIC and LHC are so-called transport coefficients. Out of those heavy quark diffusion coefficients play an important role e.g. for the analysis of the quenching of jets containing c or b quarks (D or B mesons) as observed at RHIC and LHC. We report on a lattice investigation of heavy quark momentum diffusion within pure SU(3) plasma above the deconfinement transition with the quarks treated to leading order in the heavy mass expansion. We measure the relevant colour-electric Euclidean correlator and based on several lattice spacings perform the continuum extrapolation. This extends our previous studies progressing towards a removal of lattice artifacts and a physical interpretation of the results. We find that the correlation function clearly exceeds its perturbative counterpart which suggests that at temperatures just above the critical one, non-perturbative interactions felt by the heavy quarks are stronger than within the weak-coupling expansion. Using an Ansatz for the spectral function which includes NNLO perturbative contributions we were able to determine, for the first time, a continuum estimate for the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2014), accepted version to appear in Nucl.Phys.A
Improved kinetics of rIX-FP, a recombinant fusion protein linking factor IX with albumin, in cynomolgus monkeys and hemophilia B dogs: Improved kinetics of rIX-FP
Creators: name: MERRICKS, E. P.
name: DICKNEITE, G.
name: NICHOLS, T. C.
name: NOLTE, M. W.
name: ZOLLNER, S.
name: PRAGST, I.
name: MUELLER-COHRS, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Prophylaxis of hemophilia B, at present, requires multiple infusions of human factor IX (FIX) concentrates per week. A FIX molecule with a prolonged half-life has the potential to greatly improve convenience of, and adherence to, prophylaxis.
Force on a moving object in an ideal quantum gas
Creators: name: Kanchanapusakit, Wittaya
name: Tanalikhit, Pattarapon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a heavy external object moving in an ideal gas of light particles. Collisions with the gas particles transfer momentum to the object, leading to a force that is proportional to the object's velocity but in the opposite direction. In an ideal classical gas at temperature $T$, the force acting on the object is proportional to $\sqrt{T}$. Quantum statistics causes a deviation from the $\sqrt{T}$-dependence and shows that the force scales with $T^2$ at low temperatures. At $T=0$, the force vanishes in a Bose gas but is finite in a Fermi gas.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; This material has been submitted to/accepted by the American Journal of Physics. After it is published, it will be found at (https://pubs.aip.org/aapt/ajps)
Electron-phonon coupling in semiconductors at high electronic temperatures
Creators: name: Medvedev, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonperturbative dynamical coupling approach based on tight-binding molecular dynamics is used to evaluate the electron-ion (electron-phonon) coupling parameter in irradiated semiconductors as a function of the electronic temperature up to ~25,000 K. The method accounts for arbitrary electronic distribution function via the Boltzmann equation, enabling a comparative analysis of various models: fully equilibrium electronic distribution, band-resolved local equilibria (distinct temperatures and chemical potential of electrons in the valence and the conduction band), and a full nonequilibrium distribution. It is demonstrated that the nonequilibrium produces the electron-phonon coupling parameter different by at most ~35% from its equilibrium counterpart for identical deposited energy density, allowing to use the coupling parameter as a function of the single electronic equivalent (or kinetic) temperature. The following 14 semiconductors are studied here - group IV: Si, Ge, SiC; group III-V: AlAs, AlP, GaP, GaAs, GaSb; oxides: ZnO, TiO2, Cu2O; layered PbI2; ZnS and B4C.
Dynamic behavior of magnetic avalanches in the spin-ice compound Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Jackson, M. J.
name: Lhotel, E.
name: Giblin, S. R.
name: Bramwell, S. T.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Matsuhira, K.
name: Hiroi, Z.
name: Yu, Q.
name: Paulsen, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Avalanches of the magnetization, that is to say an abrupt reversal of the magnetization at a given field, have been previously reported in the spin-ice compound Dy$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$. This out-of-equilibrium process, induced by magneto-thermal heating, is quite usual in low temperature magnetization studies. A key point is to determine the physical origin of the avalanche process. In particular, in spin-ice compounds, the origin of the avalanches might be related to the monopole physics inherent to the system. We have performed a detailed study of the avalanche phenomena in three single crystals, with the field oriented along the [111] direction, perpendicular to [111] and along the [100] directions. We have measured the changing magnetization during the avalanches and conclude that avalanches in spin ice are quite slow compared to the avalanches reported in other systems such as molecular magnets. Our measurements show that the avalanches trigger after a delay of about 500 ms and that the reversal of the magnetization then occurs in a few hundreds of milliseconds. These features suggest an unusual propagation of the reversal, which might be due to the monopole motion. The avalanche fields seem to be reproducible in a given direction for different samples, but they strongly depend on the initial state of magnetization and on how the initial state was achieved.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
The dust masses of powerful radio galaxies: clues to the triggering of their activity
Creators: name: Tadhunter, C.
name: Dicken, D.
name: Morganti, R.
name: Konyves, V.
name: Ysard, N.
name: Nesvadba, N.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use deep Herschel Space Observatory observations of a 90% complete sample of 32 intermediate-redshift 2Jy radio galaxies (0.05 < z < 0.7) to estimate the dust masses of their host galaxies and thereby investigate the triggering mechanisms for their quasar-like AGN. The dust masses derived for the radio galaxies (7.2x10^5 < M_d < 2.6x10^8 M_sun) are intermediate between those of quiescent elliptical galaxies on the one hand, and ultra luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) on the other. Consistent with simple models for the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies, these results suggest that most of the radio galaxies represent the late time re-triggering of AGN activity via mergers between the host giant elliptical galaxies and companion galaxies with relatively low gas masses. However, a minority of the radio galaxies in our sample (~20%) have high, ULIRG-like dust masses, along with evidence for prodigious star formation activity. The latter objects are more likely to have been triggered in major, gas-rich mergers that represent a rapid growth phase for both their host galaxies and their supermassive black holes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Probing vector hair of black holes with extreme mass ratio inspirals
Creators: name: Liang, Dicong
name: Xu, Rui
name: Mai, Zhan-Feng
name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bumblebee gravity model, with a vector field nonminimally coupled to gravity, is a natural extension of the Einstein-Maxwell theory. In this theory, a black hole can carry a vector hair, making the metric deviate from the Schwarzschild metric. To investigate the detectability of the vector hair, we consider an Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral (EMRI) system, where a stellar-mass black hole inspiraling into a supermassive black hole. We find that, with a one-year observation of an EMRI by a space-based gravitational-wave detector, we can probe the vector charge as small as $Q\sim 10^{-3}$ in the bumblebee gravity model, which is about three orders of magnitude tighter comparing to current EHT observations.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Inhibitor recurrence after immune tolerance induction: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kanin, M.
name: Knoll, C.
name: Kempton, C. L.
name: Kruse-Jarres, R.
name: Ragni, M. V.
name: Callaghan, M. U.
name: Witmer, C.
name: McCracken, C. E.
name: Davis, J. A.
name: Carpenter, S. L.
name: Guerrera, M. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Immune tolerance induction (ITI) in patients with congenital hemophilia A is successful in up to 70%. Although there is growing understanding of predictors of response to ITI, the probability and predictors of inhibitor recurrence following successful ITI are not well understood.
Confronting axial-vector form factor from lattice QCD with MINERvA antineutrino-proton data
Creators: name: Tomalak, Oleksandr
name: Gupta, Rajan
name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare recent MINERvA antineutrino-hydrogen charged-current measurements to phenomenological predictions of the axial-vector form factor based on fits to all available electron scattering and deuterium bubble-chamber data and to representative lattice-QCD (LQCD) determination by the PNDME Collaboration. While there is $1$--$2σ$ agreement in the cross section with MINERvA data for each bin in $Q^2$, we identify three regions with different relevance and opportunity for LQCD predictions. For $Q^2 \lesssim 0.2~\mathrm{GeV}^2$, the phenomenological extractions have large number of data points and LQCD is competitive, while MINERvA data have large errors. For $0.2~\mathrm{GeV}^2 \lesssim Q^2 \lesssim 1~\mathrm{GeV}^2$, LQCD is competitive with the MINERvA determination, and both give values larger than from phenomenological extraction. For $Q^2 > 1~\mathrm{GeV}^2$, the MINERvA data are the most precise. Our analysis indicates that with improving precision of MINERvA-like experiments and LQCD data, the uncertainty in the nucleon axial-vector form factor will be steadily reduced.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, v2: version published in Physical Review D, minor changes in text and figures
Search and characterization of remnant radio galaxies in the XMM$-$LSS deep field
Creators: name: Dutta, Sushant
name: Singh, Veeresh
name: Chandra, C. H. Ishwara
name: Wadadekar, Yogesh
name: Kayal, Abhijit
name: Heywood, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remnant phase of a radio galaxy is characterized by the cessation of AGN activity resulting in the stoppage of jets supplying plasma to radio lobes. In this paper, we present the search and characterization of remnant candidates in 12.5 deg$^{2}$ of the {\em XMM$-$Newton} Large$-$Scale Structure (XMM$-$LSS) field by using deep radio observations at 325 MHz from the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), at 150 MHz from the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR), at 1.4 GHz from the Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA), and at 3 GHz from the VLA Sky Survey (VLASS). By using both morphological criteria {\viz}undetected radio core as well as spectral criteria {\viz}high spectral curvature, and ultra$-$steep spectrum, we identify 21 remnant candidates that are found to reside mostly in non$-$cluster environments, and exhibit diverse properties in terms of morphology, spectral index ($α_{\rm 150}^{\rm 1400}$ in the range of $-1.71$ to $-0.75$ with a median of $-1.10$), and linear radio size (ranging from 242 kpc to 1.3 Mpc with a median of 469 kpc). Our study attempts to identify remnant candidates down to the flux density limit of 6.0 mJy at 325 MHz, and yields an upper limit on the remnant fraction ($f_{\rm rem}$) to be around 5$\%$. The observed $f_{\rm rem}$ seems consistent with the predictions of an evolutionary model assuming power law distributions of the duration of active phase and jet kinetic power with index $-0.8$ to $-1.2$.
description: 23 pages, 27 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Towards General Low-Light Raw Noise Synthesis and Modeling
Creators: name: Zhang, Feng
name: Xu, Bin
name: Li, Zhiqiang
name: Liu, Xinran
name: Lu, Qingbo
name: Gao, Changxin
name: Sang, Nong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Modeling and synthesizing low-light raw noise is a fundamental problem for computational photography and image processing applications. Although most recent works have adopted physics-based models to synthesize noise, the signal-independent noise in low-light conditions is far more complicated and varies dramatically across camera sensors, which is beyond the description of these models. To address this issue, we introduce a new perspective to synthesize the signal-independent noise by a generative model. Specifically, we synthesize the signal-dependent and signal-independent noise in a physics- and learning-based manner, respectively. In this way, our method can be considered as a general model, that is, it can simultaneously learn different noise characteristics for different ISO levels and generalize to various sensors. Subsequently, we present an effective multi-scale discriminator termed Fourier transformer discriminator (FTD) to distinguish the noise distribution accurately. Additionally, we collect a new low-light raw denoising (LRD) dataset for training and benchmarking. Qualitative validation shows that the noise generated by our proposed noise model can be highly similar to the real noise in terms of distribution. Furthermore, extensive denoising experiments demonstrate that our method performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods on different sensors.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted by ICCV 2023
Antithrombotic therapies in patients with prosthetic heart valves: guidelines translated for the clinician
Creators: name: Leiria, Tiago L. L.
name: Williams, Judson B.
name: Alexander, John H.
name: Katz, Jason N.
name: Kalil, Renato A. K.
name: Lopes, Renato D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Patients with prosthetic heart valves require chronic oral anticoagulation. In this clinical scenario, physicians must be mindful of the thromboembolic and bleeding risks related to chronic anticoagulant therapy. Currently, only vitamin K antagonists are approved for this indication. This paper reviews the main heart valve guidelines focusing on the use of oral anticoagulation in these patients.
Does A Paper Being Featured on The Cover of A Journal Guarantee More Attention and Greater Impact?
Creators: name: Wang, Xianwen
name: Liu, Chen
name: Mao, Wenli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Paper featured on the cover of a journal has more visibility in an issue compared with other ordinary articles for both printed and electronic journal. Does this kind of visibility guarantee more attention and greater impact of its associated content than the non-cover papers? In this research, usage and citation data of 60 issues of PLOS Biology from 2006 to 2010 are analyzed to compare the attention and scholarly impact between cover and non-cover paper. Our empirical study confirms that, in most cases, the group difference between cover and non-cover paper is not significant for attention or impact. Cover paper is not the best one, nor at the upper level in one issue considering the attention or the citation impact. Having a paper featured on the cover of a journal may be a source of pride to researchers, many institutions and researchers would even release news about it. However, a paper being featured on the cover of a journal doesn't guarantee more attention and greater impact.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Scientometrics, 2014