cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of the shape of the prestellar density fluctuations on the core mass function
Creators: name: Dumond, Pierre
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that departure from sphericity in the geometry of primordial dark matter halos modifies their mass function. The ellipsoidal collapse model yields a better agreement with simulations of hierarchical clustering than the original, spherical model. In the present paper, we examine the same issue in the context of star formation by studying the impact of non-sphericity of density perturbations in a gravoturbulent medium on the prestellar core mass function (CMF). An important question, notably, is to find out how ellipsoidal, instead of spherical, initial density fluctuations modify both the high-mass and low-mass tails of the CMF. Our study shows that triaxial density fluctuations indeed depart from a purely spherical form but the deformation (prolateness and ellipticity) remains modest, suggesting that the usual hypothesis of spherical collapse in existing theories of the IMF is reasonable. We find that, as in the cosmological case, the departure from sphericity increases the collapse barrier, stabilizing the prestellar cores. The striking difference between the stellar case and the cosmological one for the ellipsoidal collapse model is that, although in both cases the less dense structures are the most deformed, they correspond to small scales, thus low mass halos in cosmology but to large scales, thus large mass cores in star formation. As a result, the high mass range of the CMF is the most affected by the ellipsoidal collapse, resulting in a slightly less steep slope than the one predicted with the spherical hypothesis and a peak slightly shifted toward lower masses.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. Typo corrected in Eq. 27, 29 and 30: replacing $\mathcal{N}$ by $\mathcal{P}$
Non-linear generalization of the sl(2) algebra
Creators: name: Curado, E. M. F.
name: Rego-Monteiro, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of the sl(2) algebra where the algebraic relations are constructed with the help of a general function of one of the generators. When this function is linear this algebra is a deformed sl(2) algebra. In the non-linear case, the finite dimensional representations are constructed in two different ways. In the first case, which provides finite dimensional representations only for the non-linear case, these representations come from solutions to a dynamical equation and we show how to construct explicitly these representations for a general quadratic non-linear function. The other type of finite dimensional representation comes from solutions to a cut condition equation. We give examples of solutions of this type in the non-linear case as well.
description: 13 pages, 3 EPS figures, Latex
Intercultural practices and support services: Refugees and asylum seekers in Australia and Italy
Creators: name: GIANLUIGI ROTONDO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Providing support services for the settlement of refugees and asylum seekers is an increasing concern that is debated at an international level. This research focuses on the interaction during early resettlement, which offers the opportunity to reach a full, mutual understanding between migrants and host societies. Drawing on a comparison between issues concerning refugees and asylum seekers in Australia and Italy, this study included 15 Non-Governmental and Community-Based organisations, exploring the role of intercultural communication through an in-depth analysis of intercultural practices and their efficiency in supporting the process of resettlement of refugees and asylum seekers.
Food and Farming in Hawaii: A study of the obstacles to establishing resilient systems of local food production in Hawaii
Creators: Sudhakar, Kirthana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Agriculture
Land use--Planning
Food habits
Local foods

description: The purpose of this study is to identify existing obstacles to establishing resilient systems of food production in Hawaii, and to determine what some of the best practices in planning would be to address the same. The obstacles identified, have been bucketed widely into three categories, namely, obstacles related to land-use; policy related obstacles; and systemic issues. The methodology employed was primarily in-depth semi-structured interviews, respondents were selected through the snowball technique. This was accompanied by an online survey to determine respondent’s food habits and preferences, here, the respondents were selected again through the snowball technique. The third element was mapping of data using the mapping tool ArcGIS, to determine the degree to which land-use related obstacles relate to the research. The literature indicated that the three most significant obstacles were the military land holdings, the Jones Act and large-scale crop monocultures. However, the findings indicate that invasive species and pests, the lack of labor and the high cost of land are the three most considerable obstacles to be tackled.
Leading Order Temporal Asymptotics of the Modified Non-Linear Schrodinger Equation: Solitonless Sector
Creators: name: Kitaev, A. V.
name: Vartanian, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the matrix Riemann-Hilbert factorisation approach for non-linear evolution equations (NLEEs) integrable in the sense of the inverse scattering method, we obtain, in the solitonless sector, the leading-order asymptotics as $t$ tends to plus and minus infinity of the solution to the Cauchy initial-value problem for the modified non-linear Schrodinger equation: also obtained are analogous results for two gauge-equivalent NLEEs; in particular, the derivative non-linear Schrodinger equation.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, revised version of the original submission, to be published in Inverse Problems
Functorial Question Answering
Creators: name: de Felice, Giovanni
name: Meichanetzidis, Konstantinos
name: Toumi, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Distributional compositional (DisCo) models are functors that compute the meaning of a sentence from the meaning of its words. We show that DisCo models in the category of sets and relations correspond precisely to relational databases. As a consequence, we get complexity-theoretic reductions from semantics and entailment of a fragment of natural language to evaluation and containment of conjunctive queries, respectively. Finally, we define question answering as an NP-complete problem.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2019, arXiv:2009.06334
Milano 1923-1936. Tre guerre contro la misura dialogica
Creators: name: Consonni, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: ACME
Year: 2021

description: Oltre alla guerra dal cielo del 1943-44 che ha distrutto un quarto del suo patrimonio abitativo, prima e dopo, Milano ha conosciuto altre due guerre non meno devastanti: 1) la macelleria urbana del fascismo con l’abbattimento di oltre 135.000 vani abitativi nel centro storico; 2) il completamento, negli anni della Ricostruzione e del boom economico, del lavoro iniziato nel ventennio. Nel mettere a ferro e fuoco il cuore urbano, il fascismo insegue due obiettivi: allontanare i ceti popolari dal centro e fare spazio alla presenza di attività direzionali e finanziarie. Il disegno politico trova alleanze in un pensiero urbanistico che vede nei tessuti della città storica sia un focolaio di malattie e di degenerazione morale che un ostacolo alla libera circolazione delle automobili. L’urbanistica può farsi così complice e strumento attuatore del disegno del regime. Anche nella Ricostruzione pesa un’inadeguatezza nell’interpretazione dei fatti urbani (i valori e le regole depositati nel corpo storico della città) a cui corrisponde una inadeguatezza di politici e pubblici amministratori sul significato e l’importanza del fare città. Così, salvo la realizzazione di quartieri di iniziativa pubblica, si registrerà una sostanziale continuità con la politica urbanistica d’anteguerra.
description: ACME, V. 73 N. 2 (2020)
Statistics of the First Galois Cohomology Group: A Refinement of Malle's Conjecture
Creators: name: Alberts, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Malle proposed a conjecture for counting the number of $G$-extensions $L/K$ with discriminant bounded above by $X$, denoted $N(K,G;X)$, where $G$ is a fixed transitive subgroup $G\subset S_n$ and $X$ tends towards infinity. We introduce a refinement of Malle's conjecture, if $G$ is a group with a nontrivial Galois action then we consider the set of crossed homomorphisms in $Z^1(K,G)$ (or equivalently $1$-coclasses in $H^1(K,G)$) with bounded discriminant. This has a natural interpretation given by counting $G$-extensions $F/L$ for some fixed $L$ and prescribed extension class $F/L/K$. If $T$ is an abelian group with any Galois action, we compute the asymptotic growth rate of this refined counting function for $Z^1(K,T)$ (and equivalently for $H^1(K,T)$) and show that it is a natural generalization of Malle's conjecture. The proof technique is in essence an application of a theorem of Wiles on generalized Selmer groups, and additionally gives the asymptotic main term when restricted to certain local behaviors. As a consequence, whenever the inverse Galois problem is solved for $G\subset S_n$ over $K$ and $G$ has an abelian normal subgroup $T\trianglelefteq G$ we prove a nontrivial lower bound for $N(K,G;X)$ given by a nonzero power of $X$ times a power of $\log X$. For many groups, including many solvable groups, these are the first known nontrivial lower bounds. These bounds prove Malle's predicted lower bounds for a large family of groups, and for an infinite subfamily they generalize Klüners' counter example to Malle's conjecture and verify the corrected lower bounds predicted by Türkelli.
description: version 3: A major error is corrected in the proof of the Asymptotic Wiles Theorem after receiving referee feedback, and slightly stronger hypotheses are needed. The main number theoretic results are updated accordingly, namely Theorem 1.4 and Corollary 1.5 have new statements. Other minor corrections and clarifications are included, as well as some improved notation
Probing some recent natural compounds from Phellinus baumii, Colletotrichum sp. and Ligustrum lucidum as heat shock protein 90 inhibitors
Creators: name: Erdogan, Taner
name: Erdogan, Fatma Oguz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is one of the most attractive targets for research on cancer treatment, and nowadays, many studies carried out for the development of effective HSP90 inhibitors. In the current study, recently published ten natural compounds have been investigated using computer aided drug design (CADD) approach. The study consists of three parts; (1) density functional theory (DFT) calculations including geometry optimizations, vibrational analyses, and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) map calculations, (2) molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and (3) binding energy calculations. In DFT calculations, Becke three-parameter hybrid functional with Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional (B3LYP) and 6-31 + G(d,p) basis set were used. After performing molecular docking calculations, top-scoring ligand-receptor complexes were subjected to MD simulations for 100 ns to investigate the stability of the ligand-receptor complexes and the interactions in more detail. Finally, in binding energy calculations molecular mechanics with Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method was used. The results showed that five of the investigated ten natural compounds have higher binding affinity to HSP90α than that of reference drug Geldanamycin, and could be promising compounds for future studies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Food Interpretation At House Museums And Historic Sites: The Characteristics Of Successful Food Programs
Creators: Pardo, Victoria
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Historic preservation
Historic sites
Historic sites--Interpretive programs
Food habits

description: The main goal of this thesis was to develop criteria that identified major flaws in food programs at historic sites and house museums. Food interpretation is a valuable tool that can be utilized to enhance a site’s mission. It not only reveals conditions of the past, but also reveals important social concerns of today. House museums have the opportunity to use food interpretation to gain relevance in their communities and strengthen their site as a whole. The work I have done is observational as an outsider, visitor, and individual with a sense of the role interpretation could play, with the goal of informing sites that want to create food programs. This work is a prelude to creating an evaluation metric, but it is not a metric in itself.

Four diverse case studies were used in order to analyze a variety of sites. The case studies include: Billings Farm in Woodstock Vermont, the Tenement Museum in New York City, Old Sturbridge Village in Sturbridge, Massachusetts, and the Gropius House in Lincoln, Massachusetts. Seven criteria were developed after careful observation, interviews, and research. These criteria are pivotal to the success of a food program. However, these criteria cannot be applied to the sites in a one-size-fits-all fashion. Rather, certain criteria can be tailored to fit a site’s unique needs.
The conclusion of this thesis reveals the importance of continued growth, synergy between the mission and management of the site with the food program, setting up audience expectations, cohesive interpretive practice, the inclusion of contemporary issues in the interpretation, increased community engagement, and finally the role of authenticity. This thesis also addresses common misconceptions of what makes a good food program, as well as signs to look for that lead to a troubled one.
Event-based Access to Historical Italian War Memoirs
Creators: name: Rovera, Marco
name: Nanni, Federico
name: Ponzetto, Simone Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The progressive digitization of historical archives provides new, often domain specific, textual resources that report on facts and events which have happened in the past; among these, memoirs are a very common type of primary source. In this paper, we present an approach for extracting information from Italian historical war memoirs and turning it into structured knowledge. This is based on the semantic notions of events, participants and roles. We evaluate quantitatively each of the key-steps of our approach and provide a graph-based representation of the extracted knowledge, which allows to move between a Close and a Distant Reading of the collection.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Enriched Lawvere Theories for Operational Semantics
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
name: Williams, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Enriched Lawvere theories are a generalization of Lawvere theories that allow us to describe the operational semantics of formal systems. For example, a graph enriched Lawvere theory describes structures that have a graph of operations of each arity, where the vertices are operations and the edges are rewrites between operations. Enriched theories can be used to equip systems with operational semantics, and maps between enriching categories can serve to translate between different forms of operational and denotational semantics. The Grothendieck construction lets us study all models of all enriched theories in all contexts in a single category. We illustrate these ideas with the SKI-combinator calculus, a variable-free version of the lambda calculus.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2019, arXiv:2009.06334
New Integrable Extensions of N=2 KdV and Boussinesq Hierarchies
Creators: name: Ivanov, E.
name: Krivonos, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a new variety of $N=2$ supersymmetric integrable systems by junction of pseudo-differential superspace Lax operators for $a=4$, $N=2$ KdV and multi-component $N=2$ NLS hierarchies. As an important particular case, we obtain Lax operator for $N=4$ super KdV system. A similar extension of one of $N=2$ super Boussinesq hierarchies is given. We also present a minimal $N=4$ supersymmetric extension of the second flow of $N=4$ KdV hierarchy and comment on its possible integrability.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, some signs and coefficients corrected and references added
On form-preserving transformations for the time-dependent Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Finkel, Federico
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, Artemio
name: Kamran, Niky
name: Rodriguez, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05, 81Q60

description: In this paper we point out a close connection between the Darboux transformation and the group of point transformations which preserve the form of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). In our main result, we prove that any pair of time-dependent real potentials related by a Darboux transformation for the TDSE may be transformed by a suitable point transformation into a pair of time-independent potentials related by a usual Darboux transformation for the stationary Schrödinger equation. Thus, any (real) potential solvable via a time-dependent Darboux transformation can alternatively be solved by applying an appropriate form-preserving transformation of the TDSE to a time-independent potential. The preeminent role of the latter type of transformations in the solution of the TDSE is illustrated with a family of quasi-exactly solvable time-dependent anharmonic potentials.
description: LaTeX2e (with amsmath, amssymb, amscd, cite packages), 11 pages
Dynamic Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization based on a New Environment Change Detection Strategy
Creators: name: Aboud, Ahlem
name: Fdhila, Raja
name: Alimi, Adel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dynamic of real-world optimization problems raises new challenges to the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO). Responding to these challenges, the dynamic optimization has received considerable attention over the past decade. This paper introduces a new dynamic multi-objective optimization based particle swarm optimization (Dynamic-MOPSO).The main idea of this paper is to solve such dynamic problem based on a new environment change detection strategy using the advantage of the particle swarm optimization. In this way, our approach has been developed not just to obtain the optimal solution, but also to have a capability to detect the environment changes. Thereby, DynamicMOPSO ensures the balance between the exploration and the exploitation in dynamic research space. Our approach is tested through the most popularized dynamic benchmark's functions to evaluate its performance as a good method.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, International Conference on Neural Information Processing
Food Politics in the US: A Case Study of Civil Society Discourses around the Right to Food
Creators: Klotz, Christine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Food security
Right to food
Food relief--Political aspects
Food banks

description: Food is fundamental to survival, and is also a basic human right. Notwithstanding, the politics of food distribution are steep in inequality both domestically and abroad. A nongovernmental response to food insecurity is charitable food banks. Today, they are on the front line of distributing food to food insecure population and subsequently occupy a vast degree of ideological, organizational and institutional influence over food security outcomes. Previous research has argued that while food banks have a sociopolitical platform to advocate for social reform, it might not actually be in their best interest to do so. From a long term perspective, it is proposed that the presence of food banks ultimately distracts from being able to amend the policy shortfalls involving socioeconomic rights protections. From a human rights perspective, this paper explores the extent to which charitable food organizations [1] utilize human rights frameworks in their organizational mission/value/purpose statements, [2] advocate for progressive social policy reform through their organization apparatus; and [3] whether food organizations of similar ideological backgrounds network with regard to rights orientation? To do so, I qualitatively code the mission statements of 52 food organizations in the US, using manifest content from their webpages applying one of the following three rights designations: no rights, limited rights and human rights. Then, I compare the extent to which charitable food organizations network with other charitable organizations to achieve their organizational mission based on these categories.
Attraverso musei di celluloide: rovesciare lo sguardo
Creators: name: Uccelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: ACME
Year: 2021

description: Nell’età dell’esperienza cinematografica immersiva e digitale ha ancora senso parlare di due brevi film di 70 anni fa, in bianco e nero, che furono concepiti con l’idea di raggiungere il più vasto pubblico possibile e magari, parola che oggi suona fortissima, educarlo? Carpaccio e Caravaggio, di Umberto Barbaro e Roberto Longhi, concepiti tra il 1947 e il 1948, nel pieno della Ricostruzione, sono due pezzi esemplari di un capitolo potenziale del cinema italiano del dopoguerra, che ha poi imboccato altre strade, ha visto affermarsi altre linee politiche e teoriche, e non semplicemente i frutti del capriccio di un grande storico dell’arte e prosatore inarrivabile, aiutato da un amico colto e pieno di risorse che lavora nel mondo del cinema. I due film sono ridiscussi nel contesto del “cinema breve” degli anni ’40 e ’50, considerando anche il rapporto con lo spettatore, e, per questo, confrontati con un esempio sovietico più tardo, Vzgljanitje na litso (1966), di Pavel Kogan, che tematizza la relazione tra il pubblico e la leonardesca Madonna Litta, rovesciando lo sguardo della macchina da presa verso i fruitori dell’opera d’arte, aprendo a un controcampo della pittura che è forse simile a quello immaginato da Barbaro e Longhi.
description: ACME, V. 73 N. 2 (2020)
Attualità di Leonardo. Restauro e ricostruzione
Creators: name: Cecchini, Silvia
Publisher: name: ACME
Year: 2021

description: Nello studiare quanto accadde sui ponteggi montati davanti al Cenacolo tra il 1947 e il 1953, ove Mauro Pellicioli intervenne assieme all’Istituto Centrale del Restauro, mi è parso impossibile comprendere le ragioni delle scelte compiute senza allargare lo sguardo. Il contributo mira quindi ad indagare i nessi tra il momento del restauro e la rilettura critica dell’arte di Leonardo operata nel secondo dopoguerra; tra le scelte tecniche intervenute sul corpo del dipinto e linguaggi visivi contemporanei, fra cui il cinema; tra il recupero di un capolavoro dominato dalle passioni dell’animo umano e la necessità di recuperare fiducia nell’uomo.
description: ACME, V. 73 N. 2 (2020)
Fabry-Perot Interferometer Measurement of the Temperature and Wind at F Layer Heights
Creators: name: Yagi, Takashi
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Division of Theoretical and Space Physics, School of Physical Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
Differential calculi on finite groups
Creators: name: Castellani, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A brief review of bicovariant differential calculi on finite groups is given, with some new developments on diffeomorphisms and integration. We illustrate the general theory with the example of the nonabelian finite group S_3.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, 1 figure
Weak solutions to the Muskat problem with surface tension via optimal transport
Creators: name: Jacobs, Matt
name: Kim, Inwon
name: Mészáros, Alpár R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired by recent works on the threshold dynamics scheme for multi-phase mean curvature flow (by Esedoglu-Otto and Laux-Otto), we introduce a novel framework to approximate solutions of the Muskat problem with surface tension. Our approach is based on interpreting the Muskat problem as a gradient flow in a product Wasserstein space. This perspective allows us to construct weak solutions via a minimizing movements scheme. Rather than working directly with the singular surface tension force, we instead relax the perimeter functional with the heat content energy approximation of Esedoglu-Otto. The heat content energy allows us to show the convergence of the associated minimizing movement scheme in the Wasserstein space, and makes the scheme far more tractable for numerical simulations. Under a typical energy convergence assumption, we show that our scheme converges to weak solutions of the Muskat problem with surface tension. We then conclude the paper with a discussion on some numerical experiments and on equilibrium configurations.
description: improved version; numerical experiments included; to appear in Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal
Food Access in Brownsville, Brooklyn: Environmental Justice Meets Biopower
Creators: Kornfeld, Dory Alexandra Rose
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: City planning
Public policy (Law)
Public health

description: Food access has become a popular area of concern in both urban planning and public health as both fields are directing increasing attention to the role that uneven neighbourhood food environments play in diet practices and health outcomes. This research investigates two food access expansion projects underway in New York City by looking at how they are implemented in the neighbourhood of Brownsville in the borough of Brooklyn. One, the Brownsville Youthmarket, run by the city-wide nonprofit GrowNYC, is a farmers' market intervention that increases access to fresh fruit and vegetables by hiring neighbourhood youth to sell regional produce. The second, Shop Healthy, is an initiative run by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (and its District Public Health Offices). It encourages bodega owners to stock healthier items in their stores, including fruits and vegetables. By drawing on concepts of environmental justice and biopower, this research shows how these programs are characterized by competing motivations and strategies. While the stated rationale for these food access programs is to improve food environments by bringing more healthy items into underserved neighbourhoods, they rely upon nutrition education and cooking skills programs that indicate that the underlying problem is a lack of knowledge about what food is healthy and how to prepare it. This gap between motivations and strategies reveals a great distance between city-level actors and the residents of the neighbourhoods that they aim to help. Program designers fail to understand the true barriers to healthy eating in predominantly poor and minority communities and thus intervene with programs that do little to meaningfully change the food environment in ways that address residents' needs.
Iso-topological relaxation, coherent structures, and Gaussian turbulence in two dimensional magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Isichenko, M. B.
name: Gruzinov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-time relaxation of ideal two dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence subject to the conservation of two infinite families of constants of motion---the magnetic and the "cross" topology invariants--is examined. The analysis of the Gibbs ensemble, where all integrals of motion are respected, predicts the initial state to evolve into an equilibrium, stable coherent structure (the most probable state) and decaying Gaussian turbulence (fluctuations) with a vanishing, but always positive temperature. The non-dissipative turbulence decay is accompanied by decrease in both the amplitude and the length scale of the fluctuations, so that the fluctuation energy remains finite. The coherent structure represents a set of singular magnetic islands with plasma flow whose magnetic topology is identical to that of the initial state, while the energy and the cross topology invariants are shared between the coherent structure and the Gaussian turbulence. These conservation laws suggest the variational principle of iso-topological relaxation which allows us to predict the appearance of the final state from a given initial state. For a generic initial condition having X points in the magnetic field, the coherent structure has universal types of singularities: current sheets terminating at Y points. These structures, which are similar to those resulting from the 2D relaxation of magnetic field frozen into an ideally conducting viscous fluid, are observed in the numerical experiment of Biskamp and Welter. The Gibbs ensemble method developed in this work admits extension to other Hamiltonian systems with invariants not higher than quadratic in the highest-order-derivative variables. The turbulence in two dimensional Euler fluid is of a different nature: there the coherent structures are also formed, but the fluctuations about these structures are non-Gaussian.
description: 39 pages, latex 2.09 tex and bbl files, 1 eps figure, requires psfig. This published paper is submitted to the e-print server for test purposes and also because people keep asking for reprints which I don't have
Visioni di Leonardo nel Novecento, tra Belle époque e Ventennio, fino all’«abominevole» Mostra del 1939
Creators: name: Cara, Roberto
Publisher: name: ACME
Year: 2021

description: L’articolo propone una selezione ragionata delle principali linee interpretative della complessa figura storica e artistica di Leonardo emerse in Italia tra la fine dell’Ottocento e il 1939, anno in cui la Milano fascista ospitò, da maggio a ottobre, la Mostra di Leonardo da Vinci e delle Invenzioni italiane. La scelta si concentra, pur tenendo presente il quadro generale delle principali pubblicazioni leonardesche, sull’esame di alcune voci di un coté culturale composto di storici dell’arte, filosofi, scienziati e letterati (fascisti e antifascisti), e di alcuni testi divulgativi apparsi fino agli anni Trenta, tenendo conto del loro impatto sulla gestazione dell’esposizione e del profilo che dell’artista fiorentino fu proposto in quell’occasione, nel tentativo di conciliare quanto restava del positivismo ottocentesco con le nuove correnti dell’idealismo: «genio» di una presunta razza italiana, scienziato-inventore anticipatore dei tempi, precursore dell’uomo fascista.
description: ACME, V. 73 N. 2 (2020)
Food Addiction: From Popular Conception to Scientific Validation
Creators: Lemeshow, Adina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Substance abuse
Compulsive eating
Mental illness
Epidemiology
Mental health
Nutrition

description: In recent years, food addiction has become a popular construct believed to have serious behavioral, emotional and physical consequences. However, its scientific validity is still under investigation. This dissertation evaluated whether food addiction is a valid mental disorder, substance-related disorder, and addiction in three parts. Part 1 reviewed the phenomenological, animal and neurological evidence to assess whether food addiction has face validity and conducted a systematic literature review of studies estimating the prevalence, validating measures, and/or assessing correlates of human food addiction to evaluate construct validity. Part 2 used two community-based convenience samples to assess whether operationalized measures of food addiction are reliable and valid. Part 3 used two large cohorts of nurses to evaluate whether food addiction is associated with potentially positively reinforcing nutrients, food items and food groups. The literature review established that food addiction has face validity, and to some degree, construct validity. The first analytic paper found that the internal and test-retest reliabilities of both scales were moderate to good, and the shorter Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale compared with the original Yale Food Addiction Scale had good sensitivity and negative predictive value. The second analytic paper found strong positive associations between food addiction and consumption of fats and sodium, non-sweet fatty foods, diet foods, and some salty and sweet foods, no association with most starchy and salty food items, and an inverse association with fruits and vegetables. It also found unexpected strong inverse associations between sugar and food addiction, contradicting the popular “sugar addiction” hypothesis. Prospective analyses should reexamine these findings to eliminate potential reverse causation bias. Taken together, this dissertation supported food addiction as a valid mental disorder, substance-related disorder and addiction, although some findings contradicted a priori hypotheses, and gaps in the literature remain.
Searching for New Physics in Ultradense Environment: a Review on Dark Matter Admixed Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Grippa, Francesco
name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Poddar, Tanmay Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron Stars (NSs), among the densest objects in the Universe, are exceptional laboratories for investigating Dark Matter (DM) properties. Recent theoretical and observational developments have heightened interest in exploring the impact of DM on NS structure, giving rise to the concept of Dark Matter Admixed Neutron Stars (DANSs). This review examines how NSs can accumulate DM over time, potentially altering their fundamental properties. We explore leading models describing DM behavior within NSs, focusing on the effects of both bosonic and fermionic candidates on key features such as mass, radius, and tidal deformability. Additionally, we review how DM can modify the cooling and heating processes, trigger the formation of a black hole, and impact Gravitational Waves (GWs) emissions from binary systems. By synthesizing recent research, this work highlights how DANSs might produce observable signatures, offering new opportunities to probe DM properties through astrophysical phenomena.
description: 34 pages, 6 captioned figures, invited review for the special issue in the journal Universe, comments are welcome
DeepMoD: Deep learning for Model Discovery in noisy data
Creators: name: Both, Gert-Jan
name: Choudhury, Subham
name: Sens, Pierre
name: Kusters, Remy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce DeepMoD, a Deep learning based Model Discovery algorithm. DeepMoD discovers the partial differential equation underlying a spatio-temporal data set using sparse regression on a library of possible functions and their derivatives. A neural network approximates the data and constructs the function library, but it also performs the sparse regression. This construction makes it extremely robust to noise, applicable to small data sets, and, contrary to other deep learning methods, does not require a training set. We benchmark our approach on several physical problems such as the Burgers', Korteweg-de Vries and Keller-Segel equations, and find that it requires as few as $\mathcal{O}(10^2)$ samples and works at noise levels up to $75\%$. Motivated by these results, we apply DeepMoD directly on noisy experimental time-series data from a gel electrophoresis experiment and find that it discovers the advection-diffusion equation describing this system.
Spectral Properties of Hypoelliptic Operators
Creators: name: Eckmann, J. -P.
name: Hairer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study hypoelliptic operators with polynomially bounded coefficients that are of the form K = sum_{i=1}^m X_i^T X_i + X_0 + f, where the X_j denote first order differential operators, f is a function with at most polynomial growth, and X_i^T denotes the formal adjoint of X_i in L^2. For any e > 0 we show that an inequality of the form |u|_{delta,delta} <= C(|u|_{0,eps} + |(K+iy)u|_{0,0}) holds for suitable delta and C which are independent of y in R, in weighted Sobolev spaces (the first index is the derivative, and the second the growth). We apply this result to the Fokker-Planck operator for an anharmonic chain of oscillators coupled to two heat baths. Using a method of Herau and Nier [HN02], we conclude that its spectrum lies in a cusp {x+iy|x >= |y|^tau-c, tau in (0,1], c in R}.
description: 3 figures
Il restauro tra le macerie nella Milano della ricostruzione. Gli interventi al refettorio con l’Ultima cena di Leonardo e al Chiostro dei morti nel convento di Santa Maria delle Grazie (1943-1948)
Creators: name: Pertot, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: ACME
Year: 2021

description: Il contributo prende in esame alcuni aspetti poco conosciuti della ricostruzione del refettorio del convento domenicano presso Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milano, con l’Ultima Cena di Leonardo da Vinci e la Crocifissione di Donato Montorfano, e dell’adiacente Chiostro dei Morti, semidistrutti dai bombardamenti dell’agosto 1943. L’analisi di documentazione di archivio poco nota fa luce sia sulla portata degli interventi, sia sul ruolo giocato dalle diverse personalità che si avvicendarono, con ruoli istituzionali o professionali, nella progettazione e nella conduzione degli interventi su questi manufatti, e sulle polemiche che innescarono, fra 1943 e 1948. Mentre si preparava il restauro della Cena, si dipanava una vicenda che rivela profonde assonanze con quanto avveniva anche in altri cantieri, fra oggettive difficoltà (non solo tecniche), limiti della tutela, aporie disciplinari, questioni politiche e anche personalismi, all’inizio della complessa e contradditoria stagione della ricostruzione milanese e non solo milanese.
description: ACME, V. 73 N. 2 (2020)
Interaction of systemic drugs causing ocular toxicity with organic cation transporter: an artificial intelligence prediction
Creators: name: Malani, Manisha
name: Hiremath, Manthan S.
name: Sharma, Surbhi
name: Jhunjhunwala, Manisha
name: Gayen, Shovanlal
name: Hota, Chittaranjan
name: Nirmal, Jayabalan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Computational Biology

description: Chronic disease patients (cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases) undergo long-term systemic drug treatment. Membrane transporters in ocular barriers could falsely recognize these drugs and allow their trafficking into the eye from systemic circulation. Hence, despite their pharmacological activity, these drugs accumulate and cause toxicity at the non-target site, such as the eye. Since around 40% of clinically used drugs are organic cation in nature, it is essential to understand the role of organic cation transporter (OCT1) in ocular barriers to facilitate the entry of systemic drugs into the eye. We applied machine learning techniques and computer simulation models (molecular dynamics and metadynamics) in the current study to predict the potential OCT1 substrates. Artificial intelligence models were developed using a training dataset of a known substrates and non-substrates of OCT1 and predicted the potential OCT1 substrates from various systemic drugs causing ocular toxicity. Computer simulation studies was performed by developing the OCT1 homology model. Molecular dynamic simulations equilibrated the docked protein-ligand complex. And metadynamics revealed the movement of substrates across the transporter with minimum free energy near the binding pocket. The machine learning model showed an accuracy of about 80% and predicted the potential substrates for OCT1 among systemic drugs causing ocular toxicity – not known earlier, such as cyclophosphamide, bupivacaine, bortezomib, sulphanilamide, tosufloxacin, topiramate, and many more. However, further invitro and invivo studies are required to confirm these predictions. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
title: Outcomes in Cardiac Rehabilitation: The use of the Six-Minute Walk Test, the Timed Up and Go Test, and the Effects of the Frequency of Program Delivery.
Creators: name: Bellet, Robyn Nicole
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cardiac rehabilitation
subject: Six-minute walk test
subject: Timed up and go test
subject: Coronary heart disease

description: Symptom-limited exercise stress tests are recommended for all patients prior to engagement in cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, exercise testing prior to CR has not been common practice in Australia or Britain where the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is commonly used as a measure of functional capacity, to estimate training requirements, and for outcome measurement. However, there are no established guidelines for the use of the 6MWT in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the 6MWT in CR are not well determined. While 6MWT guidelines for the pulmonary population demonstrate an increase in the 6MWT distance (6MWD) with repeated 6MWT measurement it is unknown if repeated 6MWTs are required in CR. Furthermore, barriers to patient participation in CR are many and the ability of CR programs to adhere to established guidelines, within available budgets, is reported to be low. It is therefore expedient to examine alternative outcome measurements and to review aspects of CR delivery in order to deliver similar results while utilising fewer resources.
Real motivic and $C_2$-equivariant Mahowald invariants
Creators: name: Quigley, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F42, 55P42, 55P91, 55Q10, 55Q45, 55Q51, 55Q91

description: We generalize the Mahowald invariant to the $\mathbb{R}$-motivic and $C_2$-equivariant settings. For all $i>0$ with $i \equiv 2,3 \mod 4$, we show that the $\mathbb{R}$-motivic Mahowald invariant of $(2+ρη)^i \in π_{0,0}^{\mathbb{R}}(S^{0,0})$ contains a lift of a certain element in Adams' classical $v_1$-periodic families, and for all $i > 0$, we show that the $\mathbb{R}$-motivic Mahowald invariant of $η^i \in π_{i,i}^{\mathbb{R}}(S^{0,0})$ contains a lift of a certain element in Andrews' $\mathbb{C}$-motivic $w_1$-periodic families. We prove analogous results about the $C_2$-equivariant Mahowald invariants of $(2+ρη)^i \in π_{0,0}^{C_2}(S^{0,0})$ and $η^i \in π_{i,i}^{C_2}(S^{0,0})$ by leveraging connections between the classical, motivic, and equivariant stable homotopy categories. The infinite families we construct are some of the first periodic families of their kind studied in the $\mathbb{R}$-motivic and $C_2$-equivariant settings.
description: v2: 45 pages, substantially revised from v1. To appear in the Journal of Topology
Introduzione
Creators: name: Petraroia, Pietro
Publisher: name: ACME
Year: 2021

description: "Lo sguardo che oggi rivolgiamo al restauro del Cenacolo Vinciano effettuato subito dopo la seconda Guerra mondiale non può che essere archeologico, in quanto quel restauro non soltanto è “nascosto” dalle successive alterazioni dei materiali costituitivi e aggiunti, (nonché dal mutamento, nei decenni, di prospettiva critica e di fruizione pubblica con cui ci si è rapportati all’opera), ma sostanzialmente è scomparso in gran parte per effetto dei successivi interventi conservativi e in particolare di quello che, iniziato con piccoli saggi sul San Simone da Pinin Brambilla Barcilon nell’estate del 1977, fu poi da lei proseguito sino alla conclusione, con enorme dedizione e grandi affanni per il continuo mutare dei referenti istituzionali con i quali ebbe a confrontarsi in difficili scelte".
description: ACME, V. 73 N. 2 (2020)
Recommendations for University Module Evaluation Policies
Creators: name: Priego, Ernesto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 130308 Gender, Sexuality and Education
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation

description: This paper discusses the limitations of University Module Evaluation processes and shares a series of recommendations that could improve their design and implementation. The paper concludes that regardless of staff gender, age, academic position or ethnic background, no metric or quantitative indicator should be used without thoughtful, qualitative social and organisational context awareness and unconscious bias awareness. The paper concludes there is a need to eliminate the use of Module Evaluation metrics in appointment and promotion considerations.