cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The route of frustrated cuprates from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains: Li2ZrCuO4 as a missing link near the quantum critical point
Creators: name: Drechsler, S. -L.
name: Volkova, O.
name: Vasiliev, A. N.
name: Tristan, N.
name: Richter, J.
name: Schmitt, M.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Malek, J.
name: Klingeler, R.
name: Zvyagin, A. A.
name: Buechner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From thermodynamics, LSDA+U calculations and exact diagonalization studies of a five-band Hubbard (Cu 3d, O 2p) model on CuO2 stripes we found that Li2ZrCuO4 (Li2CuZrO4 in traditional notation) is close to a ferromagnetic critical point. Analyzing its measured susceptibility chi(T) and specific heat cp(T,H) within a Heisenberg model, we show that the ratio of the 2nd to the 1st neighbor exchange integrals alpha=-J2/J1 of the order of 0.3, i.e. it is close to the critical value alpha_c=1/4. Comparing with related chain cuprates we explain the rather strong field dependence of cp, the monotonous down shift of the peak of chi(T), and its increase for alpha approaching 1/4 + 0.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, unshortened version of an article in press in Phys. Rev. Lett. v. 98, February 12 (2007). High-qualitity versions of Figs, 1,2,4 are available upon request
DARWeb: an online intervention for children with recurrent abdominal pain and their parents
Creators: name: Nieto, Rubén
name: Boixadós, Mercè
name: Eulàlia Hernández
name: Beneitez, Imma
name: Aulet, Elisabet
name: Huguet, Anna
name: McGrath, Patrick
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Although psychosocial interventions are effective to help children with Recurrent Abdominal Pain (RAP) and their families, access to these interventions is difficult. For this reason, we have developed an online intervention for children with RAP and their parents (DARWeb). In this work we will present preliminary data about DARWeb’s effects.

In this poster we analyse data from a pilot test. Results are encouraging and suggest that the intervention reduces pain severity. Moreover, families subjectively perceive that the intervention have helped them .
How to store nanomaterial safety data: meet eNanoMapper database
Creators: name: Jeliazkova, Nina
name: Kochev, Nikolay
name: Grafstrom, Roland
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Nanomaterial safety assessment has become an important task following the production growth of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and the increased interest for ENMs from various academic, industry and regulatory parties. A number of challenges exist in nanomaterials data representation and integration mainly due to the data complexity and origination of ENM information from diverse sources. We have recently described eNanoMapper database (http://nanoinfo2014.weebly. com/program.html) as part of the computational infrastructure for toxicological data management of engineered materials, developed within eNanoMapper project (http://www.enanomapper.net). The eNanoMapper approach builds on previous experience of the consortium partners in supporting diverse chemical data through flexible data storage, semantic web technologies, open source components and web services. The shift from the chemical structure based approach to a substance based information management enables support for the new challenging cases of ENMs.

The supported import formats (OECD HT, custom RDF and CSV formats) are currently being extended with ISA-TAB-Nano and a large set of custom spreadsheet templates, taking into account the observation that the latter is the preferred approach data preparation format of the majority of the NanoSafety Cluster projects. A configurable parser enables import of the data stored in the supported set of spreadsheet templates, accommodating different row-based, column-based or mixed organization of the data. The configuration metadata is defined in a separate file, mapping the custom spreadsheet organization into the internal eNanoMapper storage components: Substance, Protocol, Measurement, Parameters and Conditions. This enables uniform approach towards import, storage and searching of the ENM physicochemical measurement and biological assay results.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF 5-CHLORO-2-METHOXY-N-[2-(4-SULFAMOYLPHENYL)ETHYL]BENZAMIDE (GLYBURIDE ANALOGUE, GA) IN MOUSE PLASMA AND WHOLE BLOOD USING A MICRO-EXTRACTION AND LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY
Creators: name: Zalavadia, Ankit
Publisher: name: VCU Libraries
Year: 2016

description: VCU Theses and Dissertations
Two- and Three-Dimensional Simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor Instabilities Using a Coupled Cahn-Hilliard / Navier-Stokes Model
Creators: name: Zanella, Raphael
name: Tegze, György
name: LeTellier, Romain
name: Henry, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on two- and three-dimensional numerical simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in immiscible fluids. A diffuse-interface model that combines the Cahn-Hilliard equation, governing the evolution of the volume fraction of one fluid, and the Navier-Stokes equations, governing the bulk velocity and pressure, is used. The study is limited to low Atwood numbers owing to the use of the Boussinesq approximation. The code is based on a pseudo-spectral method. A linear analysis is first performed in a two-dimensional case of Rayleigh-Taylor instability to confirm that the model very well captures this phenomenon in the case of inviscid or viscid fluids. One key aspect of this work is that the influence of the thermodynamic parameters related to the Cahn-Hilliard equation (interface thickness and mobility) is quantitively studied. Three-dimensional results of Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in viscous fluids are then presented to show the possibilities of this modeling. We observe the effect of the viscosity and the wavelength of an initial single-mode perturbation on the mass transport during the nonlinear regime.
description: 12 pages 13 figures. The following article has been submitted to Physics of Fluids
Quantum Computing Solutions for Unstructured Search
Creators: name: Dissanayake Mudiyanselage, Maleesh Shehan Rathnasiri
name: Perera, Dilina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Quantum computing which uses basic quantum mechanical principles such as superposition and entanglement, is an emerging field of computing with the ability to significantly speed up the process of finding solutions for certain problems. The noise, which is inevitable to occur in prototype quantum computers in this so-called “Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ)” era, is the main concern regarding further advancements in this field. In this study, the performance of currently available NISQ devices was investigated using a class of popular quantum algorithms, namely, quantum search algorithms. The famous quantum search algorithm called Grover’s algorithm is claimed to provide a quadratic speedup over any classical algorithm in finding a marked search item in an unsorted list. In this study, Grover’s algorithm was implemented for two-qubit, three-qubit, and four-qubit search spaces, and was tested on real quantum processors, as well as quantum simulators. The results obtained from the simulator were found to be in agreement with the theoretically-predicted results within the error bars. The device always yielded lower probabilities for finding the correct search item than the simulator. The results from the device deviated further from the simulation/theoretical results as the number of qubits in the search space increased. Therefore, it was predicted that the noise and other errors present in the internal hardware of a device play a significant role. The effect of running multiple iterations of the Grover operation was investigated for both the simulator and the device. The best results on the device were observed for a single Grover iteration, and the results progressively got worse with each new iteration. The results from the simulator continuously improved with each iteration, until a certain optimal number of iterations is reached. In this study, measurement error mitigation techniques were used to minimize the effect of measurement errors in the quantum device. This technique only yielded a marginal improvement in the results. The quantum random walk search algorithm is another type of quantum search algorithm, which is perceived to be the quantum equivalent of the classical random walk. In this study, Grover’s algorithm and the quantum random walk search algorithm were compared for the 4-qubit search spaces on the quantum simulator. It was observed that both algorithms provide approximately equal results.
Spectral gap estimate for fractional Laplacian
Creators: name: Kwasnicki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A lower bound estimate λ_2 - λ_1 \ge c λ_1^{-d / α} (\diam D)^{-d - α} for the spectral gap of the Dirichlet fractional Laplacian on arbitrary bounded domain D is proved. This follows from a variational formula for the spectral gap and an upper bound estimate for the supremum norm of the ground state eigenfunction.
description: 8 pages
High temperature superconductivity: from complexity to simplicity
Creators: name: Chakravarty, Sudip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the recent quantum oscillation experiments in the underdoped high temperature superconductors.
description: An edited shorter version is published in Science
Electrodynamics near the Metal-to-Insulator Transition in V3O5
Creators: name: Baldassarre, L.
name: Perucchi, A.
name: Arcangeletti, E.
name: Nicoletti, D.
name: Di Castro, D.
name: Postorino, P.
name: Sidorov, V. A.
name: Lupi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrodynamics near the metal-to-insulator transitions (MIT) induced, in V3O5 single crystals, by both temperature (T) and pressure (P) has been studied by infrared spectroscopy. The T- and P-dependence of the optical conductivity may be explained within a polaronic scenario. The insulating phase at ambient T and P corresponds to strongly localized small polarons. Meanwhile the T-induced metallic phase at ambient pressure is related to a liquid of polarons showing incoherent dc transport, in the P-induced metallic phase at room T strongly localized polarons coexist with partially delocalized ones. The electronic spectral weight is almost recovered, in both the T and P induced metallization processes, on an energy scale of 1 eV, thus supporting the key-role of electron-lattice interaction in the V3O5 metal-to-insulator transition.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Head-to-head comparison of the accuracy of saliva and nasal rapid antigen SARS-CoV-2 self-testing: cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Schuit, Ewoud
name: Venekamp, Roderick P.
name: Veldhuijzen, Irene K.
name: van den Bijllaardt, Wouter
name: Pas, Suzan D.
name: Stohr, Joep J. J. M.
name: Lodder, Esther B.
name: Hellwich, Marloes
name: Molenkamp, Richard
name: Igloi, Zsofia
name: Wijers, Constantijn
name: Vroom, Irene H.
name: Nagel-Imming, Carla R. S.
name: Han, Wanda G. H.
name: Kluytmans, Jan A. J. W.
name: van den Hof, Susan
name: van de Wijgert, Janneke H. H. M.
name: Moons, Karel G. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Material 1. Short questionnaire after performing both self-tests at home. Material 2. Short questionnaire provided 10 days after test site visit. Material 3. Specimen collection, SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing, and SARS-CoV-2 virus culture procedures. Table S1. 2x2 tables for primary and secondary analyses of the molecular reference test – saliva Ag-RDT comparison. Table S2. 2x2 tables for primary and secondary analyses of the molecular reference test – nasal Ag-RDT comparison. Table S3. Follow-up information of participants that were tested again within 10 days after the initial test. Fig. S1. Sensitivities with 95% confidence intervals of the Ag-RDT-molecular reference standard test comparisons at viral load cut-off for infectiousness. Fig. S2. Distribution of viral loads in participants with a positive molecular reference test, stratified by symptomatology at time of sampling. Fig. S3. Distribution of change scores in difficulty of taking a sample and difficulty of reading the test result when comparing difficulty ratings of the saliva Ag-RDT and the nasal Ag-RDT.
Evaluation of predominant environmental management practices in the Canadian pulp and paper industry
Creators: name: Zerbe, Piotr Maciej
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study investigated whether formal environmental management systems (EMS) exist in the Canadian pulp and paper industry, and whether the development of EMS by companies positively affects the environmental performance of their mills. The study further examined the array of environmental strategies pursued by pulp and paper companies in Canada as well as the selection of approaches to corporate environmental management from among those in increasing use in the larger environmental management field: environmental auditing, life cycle analysis, activity-based costing, environmental benchmarking and Total Quality Environmental Management. Finally, the study examined which factors influence Canadian pulp and paper companies in undertaking action on environmental issues. Information was collected directly from a sample of 33 companies and 55 mills in four provinces, through questionnaires and follow-up interviews as well as from published reports. The results confirmed the existence of some rather well-developed EMS across the majority of firms in the Canadian pulp and paper industry. However, the level of EMS development appeared to vary significantly. In general, pulp and paper companies were found to succeed at securing appropriate people and information, but weaknesses were identified in terms of system design and follow-up action. Among the exogenous and endogenous factors studied, the most salient influences on a firm's environmental decision-making were environmental regulations and the degree of vertical integration. Other factors found to be important influences were: customer requirements, owners' requirements, directors' liability, and production technology. The Canadian pulp and paper companies seem to favour two types of environmental strategies with respect to government regulators: cooperation and collective proactivity. In general, companies reported that they tend to cooperate with regulators on environmental issues and seek to influence the government, particularly with regard to regulations, through collective action. The study showed that environmental auditing and environmental benchmarking are the most popular approaches to environmental management in this industry in Canada. While environmental performance at most companies has improved over the three-year period studied (1993-1995), no clear correlation was found between environmental performance and EMS scores, due in part to the presence of confounding variables and the sampling methodology. Mill location, effluent treatment technology and the degree of vertical integration were found to be more important predictors of environmental performance than the level of development of EMS.
Structure and evolution of magnetized clusters: entropy profiles, S-T and L_X-T relations
Creators: name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: Giordano, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of an intracluster magnetic field on the main structural properties of clusters and groups of galaxies: the radial density and entropy profiles, the S-T relation and the L_X-T relation for groups and clusters of galaxies. To this aim, we develop a description of the intra-cluster gas based on the Hydrostatic Equilibrium condition and on the Magnetic Virial Theorem in the presence of a radial distribution of the magnetic field B(r)=B_* \times [ρ_g(r)]^alpha, with alpha \sim 0.9, as indicated by observations and numerical simulation. Our analysis shows that such a description is able to provide a possible explanation of three problematic aspects of the cluster structure: i) the flattening of the entropy profile in the cluster center; ii) the flatness of the S-T relation; iii) the increasing steepening of the L_X-T relation from the cluster scale towards the group scales. The available entropy and X-ray luminosity data indicate that an increase of the magnetic field B_* \sim T^0.5 is required to reproduce at the same time both the S-T and the L_X-T relations. It follows that a consistent description of the magnetized ICM can provide a simple explanation of several (or of all) of these still open problems, and thus weakens the need for the inclusion of other non-gravitational effects which have been proposed so far for the explanation of some of these features. This (initial, but not conclusive) analysis can be regarded as a starting point for a more refined analytical exploration of the physics of the magnetized intra-cluster medium, and it provides testable predictions that can be proven or disproven with the next coming sensitive observations of groups and clusters in the X-ray band and in the radio frequency band.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, A&A in press
Diffuse, Non-Thermal X-ray Emission from the Galactic Star Cluster Westerlund 1
Creators: name: Muno, Michael P.
name: Law, Casey
name: Clark, J. Simon
name: Dougherty, Sean M.
name: de Grijs, Richard
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
name: Yusef-Zadeh, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the diffuse X-ray emission identified in Chandra observations of the young, massive Galactic star cluster Westerlund 1. After removing point-like X-ray sources down to a completeness limit of 2e31 erg/s, we identify 3e34 erg/s (2--8 keV) of diffuse emission. The spatial distribution of the emission can be described as a slightly-elliptical Lorentzian core with a half-width half-maximum along the major axis of 25+/-1", similar to the distribution of point sources in the cluster, plus a 5' halo of extended emission. The spectrum of the diffuse emission is dominated by a hard continuum component that can be described as a kT>3 keV thermal plasma that has a low iron abundance (<0.3 solar), or as non-thermal emission that could be stellar light that is inverse-Compton scattered by MeV electrons. Only 5% of the flux is produced by a kT=0.7 keV plasma. The low luminosity of the thermal emission and the lack of a 6.7 keV iron line suggests that <40,000 unresolved stars with masses between 0.3 and 2 Msun are present in the cluster. Moreover, the flux in the diffuse emission is a factor of two lower than would be expected from a supersonically-expanding cluster wind, and there is no evidence for thermal remnants produced by supernovae. Less than 1e-5 of the mechanical luminosity of the cluster is dissipated as 2--8 keV X-rays, leaving a large amount of energy that either is radiated at other wavelengths, is dissipated beyond the bounds of our image, or escapes into the intergalactic medium.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures (one color), and 3 tables. Accepted to ApJ
Mixed properties of magnetohydrodynamic waves undergoing resonant absorption in the cusp continuum
Creators: name: Goossens, Marcel
name: Chen, Shao-Xia
name: Geeraerts, Michaël
name: Li, Bo
name: Van Doorsselaere, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in the structured solar atmosphere have shown that these waves are damped and can thus contribute to atmospheric heating. In this paper, we focus on the damping mechanism of resonant absorption in the cusp continuum. This process takes places when waves travel through an inhomogeneous plasma. Our aim is to determine the properties of MHD waves undergoing resonant absorption in the cusp continuum in the transition layer of a cylindrical solar atmospheric structure, such as a photospheric pore or a coronal loop. Depending on which quantities dominate, one can assess what type of classical MHD wave the modes in question resemble most. In order to study the properties of these waves, we analytically determine the spatial profiles of compression, displacement, and vorticity for waves with frequencies in the cusp continuum, which undergo resonant absorption. We confirm these analytical derivations via numerical calculations of the profiles in the resistive MHD framework. We show that the dominant quantities for the modes in the cusp continuum are the displacement parallel to the background magnetic field and the vorticity component in the azimuthal direction (i.e. perpendicular to the background magnetic field and along the loop boundary).
Copland’s clarinet concerto : a performance perspective
Creators: name: Yeo, Lisa Lorraine Gartrell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Aaron Copland's Clarinet Concerto was written for jazz clarinetist Benny Goodman. The work's incorporation of popular elements, particularly jazz, has led to the perception that it is a "lightweight" representative of Copland's output. However, the concerto shares many characteristics with French neoclassical works of the 1920's and SCfs, and demonstrates a highly skilled construction that belies this label. The neoclassical aspect of the concerto raises important questions as to whether the jazz elements in the piece are really central to its expressive essence, or whether they merely reflect a choice of materials common to Copland and to other neoclassical composers. This dissertation is directed to the potential performer who wishes to have a better knowledge of the concerto's performance issues. It discusses the influence of neoclassicism on Copland's compositional style, gives the historical background to the Clarinet Concerto's composition, and outlines its general stylistic characteristics. The concerto's structure is examined in detail, and then applied to the work's performance issues, as the document investigates the performance practice of the piece through the study of recordings. The purpose of this dissertation is not to burden performers with a detailed set of instructions to be followed in performing the concerto. Rather, it aims to equip them with the techniques necessary to developing an individual, personal interpretation, based on a thorough understanding of the piece.
PLUTO: a Numerical Code for Computational Astrophysics
Creators: name: Mignone, A.
name: Bodo, G.
name: Massaglia, S.
name: Matsakos, T.
name: Tesileanu, O.
name: Zanni, C.
name: Ferrari, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new numerical code, PLUTO, for the solution of hypersonic flows in 1, 2 and 3 spatial dimensions and different systems of coordinates. The code provides a multi-physics, multi-algorithm modular environment particularly oriented towards the treatment of astrophysical flows in presence of discontinuities. Different hydrodynamic modules and algorithms may be independently selected to properly describe Newtonian, relativistic, MHD or relativistic MHD fluids. The modular structure exploits a general framework for integrating a system of conservation laws, built on modern Godunov-type shock-capturing schemes. Although a plethora of numerical methods has been successfully developed over the past two decades, the vast majority shares a common discretization recipe, involving three general steps: a piecewise polynomial reconstruction followed by the solution of Riemann problems at zone interfaces and a final evolution stage. We have checked and validated the code against several benchmarks available in literature. Test problems in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions are discussed.
description: To be published in ApJ Supplement; corrected the size of Fig. 7
Discrimination and analysis of interactions in non-contact Scanning Force Microscopy
Creators: name: Palacios-Lidon, Elisa
name: Colchero, Jaime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for the separation and quantitative characterization of the electrostatic and Van der Waals contribution to tip-sample interaction in non-contact Scanning Force Microscopy is presented. It is based on the simultaneous measurement of cantilever deflection, oscillation amplitude and frequency shift as a function of tip-sample voltage and tip-sample distance as well as on advanced data processing. Data is acquired at a fixed lateral position as interaction images with the bias voltage as fast scan and tip-sample distance as slow scan. Due to the quadratic dependence of the electrostatic interaction with tip-sample voltage the Van der Waals force can be separated from the electrostatic force. Using appropriate data-processing the Van der Waals interaction, the capacitance as well as the contact potential can be determined as a function of tip-sample distance from the force as well as from the frequency shift data. The measurement of resonance frequency shift yields very high signal to noise ratio and the absolute calibration of the measured quantities, while the acquisition of cantilever deflection allows the determination of tip-sample distance. The separation and quantitative analysis of Van der Waals and electrostatic interaction as proposed in the present work results in precise and reproducible measurement of tip-sample interaction that will significantly improve the interpretation of SFM data and will substantially contribute to the characterization of nanoscale properties by SFM.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Increasingly detailed insights in animal behaviours using continuous on-board processing of accelerometer data
Creators: name: Yu, Hui
name: Klaassen, Chris A.J.
name: Deng, Jian
name: Leen, Trent
name: Li, Guozheng
name: Klaassen, Marcel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Radiative Supernova Remnants and Supernova Feedback
Creators: name: Koo, Bon-Chul
name: Kim, Chang-Goo
name: Park, Sangwook
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova (SN) explosions are a major feedback mechanism regulating star formation in galaxies through their momentum input. We review the observations of SNRs in radiative stages in the Milky Way to validate the theoretical results on the momentum/energy injection from a single SN explosion. For seven SNRs where we can observe fast-expanding, atomic radiative shells, we show that the shell momentum inferred from HI 21 cm line observations is in the range of (0.5--4.5)$\times 10^5$ $M_\odot$ km s$^{-1}$. In two SNRs (W44 and IC 443), shocked molecular gas with momentum comparable to that of the atomic SNR shells has been also observed. We compare the momentum and kinetic/thermal energy of these seven SNRs with the results from 1D and 3D numerical simulations. The observation-based momentum and kinetic energy agree well with the expected momentum/energy input from an SN explosion of $\sim 10^{51}$ erg. It is much more difficult to use data/model comparisons of thermal energy to constrain the initial explosion energy, however, due to rapid cooling and complex physics at the hot/cool interface in radiative SNRs. We discuss the observational and theoretical uncertainties of these global parameters and explosion energy estimates for SNRs in complex environments.
description: 44 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars. XII
Creators: name: Pribulla, Theodor
name: Rucinski, Slavek M.
name: Conidis, George
name: DeBond, Heide
name: Thomson, J. R.
name: Gazeas, Kosmas
name: Ogloza, Waldemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital radial velocity variations are presented for ten close binary systems: OO Aql, CC Com, V345 Gem, XY Leo, AM Leo, V1010 Oph, V2612 Oph, XX Sex, W UMa, and XY UMa. Most of these binaries have been observed spectroscopically before, but our data are of higher quality and consistency than in the previous studies. While most of the studied eclipsing pairs are contact binaries, V1010 Oph is probably a detached or semi-detached double-lined binary and XY UMa is a detached, chromospherically active system whose broadening functions clearly show well defined and localized dark spots on the primary component. A particularly interesting case is XY Leo, which is a member of visually unresolved quadruple system composed of a contact binary and a detached, non-eclipsing, active binary with 0.805 days orbital period. V345 Gem and AM Leo are known members of visual binaries. We found faint visual companions at about 2-3 arcsec from XX Sex and XY UMa.
description: submitted to AJ, revised version Jan 7, 2007, 6 figures, 4 tables
Ask Me or Tell Me? Enhancing the Effectiveness of Crowdsourced Design Feedback
Creators: name: Lekschas, Fritz
name: Ampanavos, Spyridon
name: Siangliulue, Pao
name: Pfister, Hanspeter
name: Gajos, Krzysztof Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowdsourced design feedback systems are emerging resources for getting large amounts of feedback in a short period of time. Traditionally, the feedback comes in the form of a declarative statement, which often contains positive or negative sentiment. Prior research has shown that overly negative or positive sentiment can strongly influence the perceived usefulness and acceptance of feedback and, subsequently, lead to ineffective design revisions. To enhance the effectiveness of crowdsourced design feedback, we investigate a new approach for mitigating the effects of negative or positive feedback by combining open-ended and thought-provoking questions with declarative feedback statements. We conducted two user studies to assess the effects of question-based feedback on the sentiment and quality of design revisions in the context of graphic design. We found that crowdsourced question-based feedback contains more neutral sentiment than statement-based feedback. Moreover, we provide evidence that presenting feedback as questions followed by statements leads to better design revisions than question- or statement-based feedback alone.
Diagrammatic Expansion of Non-Perturbative Little String Free Energies
Creators: name: Hohenegger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arXiv:1911.08172 we have studied the single-particle free energy of a class of Little String Theories of A-type, which are engineered by $N$ parallel M5-branes on a circle. To leading instanton order (from the perspective of the low energy $U(N)$ gauge theory) and partially also to higher order, a decomposition was observed, which resembles a Feynman diagrammatic expansion: external states are given by expansion coefficients of the $N=1$ BPS free energy and a quasi-Jacobi form that governs the BPS-counting of an M5-brane coupling to two M2-branes. The effective coupling functions were written as infinite series and similarities to modular graph functions were remarked. In the current work we continue and extend this study: Working with the full non-perturbative BPS free energy, we analyse in detail the cases $N=2,3$ and $4$. We argue that in these cases to leading instanton order all coupling functions can be written as a simple combination of two-point functions of a single free scalar field on the torus. We provide closed form expressions, which we conjecture to hold for generic $N$. To higher instanton order, we observe that a decomposition of the free energy in terms of higher point functions with the same external states is still possible but a priori not unique. We nevertheless provide evidence that tentative coupling functions are still combinations of scalar Greens functions, which are decorated with derivatives or multiplied with holomorphic Eisenstein series. We interpret these decorations as corrections of the leading order effective couplings and in particular link the latter to dihedral graph functions with bivalent vertices, which suggests an interpretation in terms of disconnected graphs.
description: 50 pages
Thermodynamic Theory of Sintering and Swelling
Creators: name: Kornyushin, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The General Thermodynamic Theory of Sintering, formulated by the author in 1998 is given. This theory is applied to the problem of swelling of materials under conditions of radiation. Driving forces, caused by the presence of the evolution of heat in the volume of a sample (electric contact, hf, inductive heating or penetrating radiation, e.g., neutrons could be the sources of the heat in the bulk of a sample) are considered. The influence of these driving forces on sintering, structure and properties is discussed. The role of mobile and immobile dislocations, grain boundaries, and pores is regarded. Cycling and pulsing regimes of sintering are investigated. A mesoscopic approach, described in present paper, which had been used for years to solve sintering problems, also could help solving problems of nucleation, decomposition, and other problems in the theory of alloys. Described relaxation time technique could help simplifying calculations and give more clear physical picture. Bulks heating driving forces, important for small size objects of microelectronics or/and heat evolving elements in nuclear reactors, are important also for the problems of nucleation and decomposition in these objects.
description: 18 pages,8 figures, extended version of Invited Key Lecture (D1: IL01) on the Section of Theory in CIMTEC 2006
EventKG+BT: Generation of Interactive Biography Timelines from a Knowledge Graph
Creators: name: Gottschalk, Simon
name: Demidova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research on notable accomplishments and important events in the life of people of public interest usually requires close reading of long encyclopedic or biographical sources, which is a tedious and time-consuming task. Whereas semantic reference sources, such as the EventKG knowledge graph, provide structured representations of relevant facts, they often include hundreds of events and temporal relations for particular entities. In this paper, we present EventKG+BT - a timeline generation system that creates concise and interactive spatio-temporal representations of biographies from a knowledge graph using distant supervision.
description: ESWC 2020 Satellite Events pp 91-97
Detecting the overlapping and hierarchical community structure of complex networks
Creators: name: Lancichinetti, Andrea
name: Fortunato, Santo
name: Kertesz, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many networks in nature, society and technology are characterized by a mesoscopic level of organization, with groups of nodes forming tightly connected units, called communities or modules, that are only weakly linked to each other. Uncovering this community structure is one of the most important problems in the field of complex networks. Networks often show a hierarchical organization, with communities embedded within other communities; moreover, nodes can be shared between different communities. Here we present the first algorithm that finds both overlapping communities and the hierarchical structure. The method is based on the local optimization of a fitness function. Community structure is revealed by peaks in the fitness histogram. The resolution can be tuned by a parameter enabling to investigate different hierarchical levels of organization. Tests on real and artificial networks give excellent results.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Final version published on New Journal of Physics
Is public debt environmentally friendly? The role of EU fiscal rules on environmental quality: An empirical assessment
Creators: name: Carnazza, Giovanni
name: Renström, Thomas I.
name: Spataro, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: fiscal rules
subject: european union
subject: energy taxes
subject: CO2 emissions
subject: government debt

description: The EU has embarked on multiple initiatives reflecting its commitment to environmental enhancement and sustainable transitions. Notable among these are the European Green Deal and the NextGenerationEU recovery plan, both pivotal in fostering eco-friendly policies and sustainable practices within the region. Conversely, the fiscal rules within the EU, designed to manage budgetary deficits and debt-to-GDP ratios, may pose challenges to the implementation of fiscal measures targeted at achieving environmental quality objectives. These regulatory constraints potentially curtail the fiscal space available for policies aligned with the environmental goals set forth by the EU. To address this issue, using a panel of 27 European member countries observed annually from 1995 to 2021, we investigate the impact of two different indicators on the overall carbon intensity: on the one hand, the implicit tax rate on energy reduces environmental pollution; on the other hand, an increase in the stringency of the European fiscal framework and/or the debt-to-GDP ratio increase carbon intensity. From a policy point of view, our outcomes stress the importance of shaping national and European regulations to foster more sustainable environmental development.
A Counterexample to King's Conjecture
Creators: name: Hille, Lutz
name: Perling, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14M25, 18E30 (Primary) 14J81 (Secondary)

description: King's conjecture states that on every smooth complete toric variety $X$ there exists a strongly exceptional collection which generates the bounded derived category of $X$ and which consists of line bundles. We give a counterexample to this conjecture. This example is just the Hirzebruch surface $\mathbb{F}_2$ iteratively blown up three times, and we show by explicit computation of cohomology vanishing that there exist no strongly exceptional sequences of length 7.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, requires packages ams*, enumerate, graphicx, citation corrected
Additional file 1 of Use of non-governmental maternity services and pregnancy outcomes among undocumented women: a cohort study from Norway
Creators: name: Eick, Frode
name: Vallersnes, Odd Martin
name: Fjeld, Heidi E.
name: Sørbye, Ingvil Krarup
name: Storkås, Guro
name: Ekrem, Marthe
name: Børmer, Marie
name: Løberg, Sara Andrea
name: Ebbing, Cathrine
name: Voldner, Nanna
name: Dahl, Cecilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1. Directed Acyclic Graphs.
Dark photon dark matter from charged inflaton
Creators: name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
name: Salehian, Borna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scenario of vector dark matter production during inflation containing a complex inflaton field which is charged under a dark gauge field and which has a symmetry breaking potential. As the inflaton field rolls towards the global minimum of the potential the dark photons become massive with a mass which can be larger than the Hubble scale during inflation. The accumulated energy of the quantum fluctuations of the produced dark photons gives the observed relic density of the dark matter for a wide range of parameters. Depending on the parameters, either the transverse modes or the longitudinal mode or their combination can generate the observed dark matter relic energy density.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, 1 appendix
Swift Observations of GRB 051109B
Creators: name: Troja, E.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: LaParola, V.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Mineo, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Swift observations of GRB 051109B, a soft long burst triggered by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT). The soft photon index of the prompt emission suggest it is a X-ray Flash (XRF) or, at least, a X-ray Rich (XRR) burst. The X-ray lightcurve displays the canonical shape of many other GRBs, a double b roken power law with a small flare superimposed at ~T_0+1500 s, and its extrapolation to early times smoothly joins with the BAT lightcurve. On the basis of the derived optical to X-ray flux ratio, it cannot be classified as a dark burst.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure. Proceedings of "SWIFT and GRBs: Unveiling the Relativistic Universe" June 5-9, 2006 Venice (Italy)
Body shape and weight as determinants of women’s self-esteem
Creators: name: Geller, Josephine Amanda Caroline
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Shape- and weight-based self esteem was proposed to be a central cognitive component of the eating disorders. In this thesis, the psychometric properties of the Shape- and Weight-Based Selfesteem (SAWBS) Inventory, a newly-developed measure of the influence of shape and weight on feelings of self-worth, were determined. A preliminary examination of possible developmental precursors of shape- and weight-based self-esteem was also performed. SAWBS scores were stable over 1 week, and correlated with women's negative perceptions about their bodies in eating disorder and undergraduate control groups (EDG and UCG, respectively). In the UCG, SAWBS scores correlated with one of two measures of shape and weight cognitive schemata. The validity of shape- and weight-based self-esteem as a central feature of eating disorder symptomatology was supported in a number of ways. SAWBS scores correlated positively with eating disorder symptom scores in the UCG, and were significantly higher in women identified as "possible or probable" eating disorder cases than in women not suspected of having an eating disorder. SAWBS scores were also higher in the EDG than in the UCG or a psychiatric control group (PCG), even after controlling for age, socioeconomic status, Body Mass Index (BMT), selfesteem, and depression. Interestingly, a differing relationship between depression and SAWBS emerged as a function of group. Follow-up investigations revealed that SAWBS scores differed significantly between depressed, but not nondepressed women from the three groups. With regard to discriminant validity, SAWBS scores were uncorrelated with BMI and socioeconomic status in UCG and EDG women, and were uncorrelated with the tendency to respond in a socially sanctionned manner in UCG women. Although the tendency to respond in a socially sanctionned manner was related to SAWBS scores in EDG women, SAWBS scores remained higher in EDG than in UCG women after the effect of social desirability was controlled. The proposed developmental precursor variables of SAWBS included endorsement of stereotyped beliefs about thinness, perceived SAWBS in friends, siblings, and parents, and perceived importance placed by parents and romantic partner on the woman's own shape and weight. In both EDG and UCG women, endorsement of societal beliefs about shape and weight, and perceived importance placed on their own shape and weight by mother and father were significantly related to SAWBS scores. In sum, the SAWBS Inventory showed early promise as a reliable and valid measure of shape- and weight-based self-esteem, and may be a useful tool in the assessment of eating disorders. Theoretical and clinical implications with regard to the role of SAWBS in the development and treatment of eating disorders are discussed.
Explaining high-braking indice of magnetars SGR 0501+4516 and 1E 2259+586 using the double magnetic-dipole model
Creators: name: Yan, Fangzhou
name: Gao, Zhifu
name: Yang, Wenshen
name: Dong, Aijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we attribute high braking indices $n>3$ of two magnetars SGR 0501$+$4516 and 1E 2259$+$586 to the decrease in their inclination angles using the double magnetic-dipole model proposed by Hamil et al.(2016). In this model, there are two magnetic moments inside a neutron star, one is generated by the rotation effect of a charged sphere, $M_{1}$, and the other is generated by the magnetization of ferromagnetically ordered material, $M_{2}$. Our calculations indicate that the magnetic moment $M_{2}$ would evolve towards alignment with the spin axis of the two magnetars, and cause their magnetic inclination angles to decrease. We also define a ratio $η=M_{2}/M_{1}$, which reflects the magnetization degree, and find that the values of $η$ of the two magnetars are about two-orders of magnitude higher than that of rotationally powered pulsar PSR J1640-4631 with $n=3.15(3)$, assuming that they have the same rate of decrease in their inclination angles.
description: 6 pages,3 figures,5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.01699 by other authors