cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The roles of "mothers" in opera as exemplified by Fides (Meyerbeer’s Le Prophete); Kostelnicka (Janacek’s Jenufa); Mrs. Patrick de Rocher (Heggie’s Dead Man Walking)
Creators: name: Harder, Caroline Hilda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Mothers in operatic plots are mostly absent; when present, they are generally sung by a mezzo-soprano and are considered “supporting” roles. This dissertation attempts to elucidate what led to the scarcity of mothers as important characters in opera, and to the apparent stereotyping of the role with the mezzo-soprano voice type. Chapter 1 introduces the topic, while chapter 2 explores the aesthetics of the singing voice throughout various periods during which the “preferred vocal ideal” changed, as vocal ranges were equated with the personification and stereotyping of certain character types. Influences which affected the evolution of plot paradigms are also investigated. A summary of opera libretti from the seventeenth to the twentieth century supports historical evidence drawn from the above context and identifies the mother characters in these operas (see Appendix A). Chapters 3, 4, and 5 offer three case studies of the treatment of operatic “mothers” who are central to the plot of the operas in which they, respectively, appear: Fids from Giacomo Meyerbeer’s Le Prophète, Kostelnicka from Janácek’s Jenufa, and Mrs. Patrick De Rocher from Jake Heggie's Dead Man Walking. Each includes an investigation of the opera’s context, the dramatic study of the mother character, an analysis of the musical settings of the drama, and performance aspects. A brief interview with Jake Heggie is included in Appendix B. This study concludes that the presence/absence of the mother character is influenced by vocal aesthetics as conventionalized by Metastasian opera seria plots, and by subsequent opera plot conventions formulated through socio-cultural values. Despite the difference in time, place and musical style among the operas studied, the problems and feelings of the mother character have not changed much from the nineteenth century to the twentieth. Whether sung by a mezzo-soprano, or, occasionally, by a soprano, a timeless stereotype of the mother character emerges: a woman tormented between the love for her children and her moral duties.
A spectral line survey of the starless and proto-stellar cores detected by BLAST toward the Vela-D molecular cloud
Creators: name: Ortiz, Jorge L. Morales
name: Olmi, Luca
name: Burton, Michael
name: De Luca, Massimo
name: Elia, Davide
name: Giannini, Teresa
name: Lorenzetti, Dario
name: Massi, Fabrizio
name: Strafella, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 3-mm and 1.3-cm spectral line survey conducted with the Mopra 22-m and Parkes 64-m radio telescopes of a sample of 40 cold dust cores, previously observed with BLAST, including both starless and proto-stellar sources. 20 objects were also mapped using molecular tracers of dense gas. To trace the dense gas we used the molecular species NH3, N2H+, HNC, HCO+, H13CO+, HCN and H13CN, where some of them trace the more quiescent gas, while others are sensitive to more dynamical processes. The selected cores have a wide variety of morphological types and also show physical and chemical variations, which may be associated to different evolutionary phases. We find evidence of systematic motions in both starless and proto-stellar cores and we detect line wings in many of the proto-stellar cores. Our observations probe linear distances in the sources >~0.1pc, and are thus sensitive mainly to molecular gas in the envelope of the cores. In this region we do find that, for example, the radial profile of the N2H+(1-0) emission falls off more quickly than that of C-bearing molecules such as HNC(1-0), HCO+(1-0) and HCN(1-0). We also analyze the correlation between several physical and chemical parameters and the dynamics of the cores. Depending on the assumptions made to estimate the virial mass, we find that many starless cores have masses below the self-gravitating threshold, whereas most of the proto-stellar cores have masses which are near or above the self-gravitating critical value. An analysis of the median properties of the starless and proto-stellar cores suggests that the transition from the pre- to the proto-stellar phase is relatively fast, leaving the core envelopes with almost unchanged physical parameters.
description: Submitted for publication to Astronomy & Astrophysics on January 18th, 2012
title: Dringend gesucht: Arbeitskräfte  für die Energiewende
title: Nachfrage nach Berufen in der Wind- und Solarbranche –  eine Analyse von Online-Stellenanzeigen (Zusammenfassung)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fingerhut, Jana
name: Mertens, Armin
name: Herdin, Gunvald
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: Arbeitsmarkt
Berufe
Nachfrage
Online-Stellenanzeigen
Solarbranche
Windbranche

description: Die Berufe der Energiewende boomen. Vor allem die Nachfrage nach Arbeitskräften der
Solarbranche wächst seit 2019 kräftig, aber auch die Windbranche sucht händeringend nach Arbeitskräften. Engpässe drohen, weil der Bedarf an Dachdecker:innen und Techniker:innen deutlich ansteigt. Das zeigt eine Analyse unseres Jobmonitors, für die rund 14 Millionen Online-Stellenanzeigen der Jahre 2019 bis Juni 2023 ausgewertet wurden.

Die von der Politik gesteckten Ziele für die Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien sind ambitioniert. Im Jahr 2030 sollen Photovoltaikanlagen 215 Gigawatt Strom produzieren. Im Sommer 2023 sind allerdings nicht mehr als 74,1 Gigawatt erreicht.   Die Beschäftigtenzahlen in Energieberufen steigen zwar bereits deutlich. Um die Wende zu sicherer und sauberer Energie in absehbarer Zeit zu erreichen, braucht es aber noch in diesem Jahrzehnt mindestens 300.000 Fachkräfte. Wo derzeit Personal gesucht wird, zeigt die Analyse des Jobmonitors.
Avian Cognition: Examples of Sophisticated Capabilities in Space and Song
Creators: Neil McMillan, Allison H. Hahn, Marcia L. Spetch, Christopher B. Sturdy
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

Though birds have traditionally and colloquially been considered less cognitively complex than mammals, and especially primates, more recent research has consistently refuted these assumptions. We argue that the impressive abilities of birds to navigate and communicate require considerable information-processing capabilities. These capacities include collecting, organizing, and selecting from a wide variety of navigational cues to orient toward and find a goal location in the spatial domain, and utilizing open-ended categorization and possibly even abstract reasoning to discriminate species-specific acoustic features of songs and calls. Further, these abilities may be present across many avian species, providing evidence for domain-general cognitive facilities. We provide examples of processes in spatial learning and communication in birds, and locate them within the general literature, as evidence that the term “bird-brain” should not be considered a pejorative.
PAC Bounds for Discounted MDPs
Creators: name: Lattimore, Tor
name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study upper and lower bounds on the sample-complexity of learning near-optimal behaviour in finite-state discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). For the upper bound we make the assumption that each action leads to at most two possible next-states and prove a new bound for a UCRL-style algorithm on the number of time-steps when it is not Probably Approximately Correct (PAC). The new lower bound strengthens previous work by being both more general (it applies to all policies) and tighter. The upper and lower bounds match up to logarithmic factors.
description: 25 LaTeX pages
Multiobjective Evolutionary Pruning of Deep Neural Networks with Transfer Learning for improving their Performance and Robustness
Creators: name: Poyatos, Javier
name: Molina, Daniel
name: Martínez, Aitor
name: Del Ser, Javier
name: Herrera, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2; I.4

description: Evolutionary Computation algorithms have been used to solve optimization problems in relation with architectural, hyper-parameter or training configuration, forging the field known today as Neural Architecture Search. These algorithms have been combined with other techniques such as the pruning of Neural Networks, which reduces the complexity of the network, and the Transfer Learning, which lets the import of knowledge from another problem related to the one at hand. The usage of several criteria to evaluate the quality of the evolutionary proposals is also a common case, in which the performance and complexity of the network are the most used criteria. This work proposes MO-EvoPruneDeepTL, a multi-objective evolutionary pruning algorithm. MO-EvoPruneDeepTL uses Transfer Learning to adapt the last layers of Deep Neural Networks, by replacing them with sparse layers evolved by a genetic algorithm, which guides the evolution based in the performance, complexity and robustness of the network, being the robustness a great quality indicator for the evolved models. We carry out different experiments with several datasets to assess the benefits of our proposal. Results show that our proposal achieves promising results in all the objectives, and direct relation are presented among them. The experiments also show that the most influential neurons help us explain which parts of the input images are the most relevant for the prediction of the pruned neural network. Lastly, by virtue of the diversity within the Pareto front of pruning patterns produced by the proposal, it is shown that an ensemble of differently pruned models improves the overall performance and robustness of the trained networks.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures
Chameleon Cloud Image for Reinforcement Learning based Control of HPC
Creators: name: Raj, Akhilesh
name: Perarnau
name: Gokhale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CC, RL, IC2E, Images

description: Chameleon Cloud Bare metal instance executable on a Skylake Node for performing experiments related to our paper "Optimal control of High Performance Computing node- A Reinforcement Learning approach"
PECULIARITIES OF THE DEPICTION OF NATIONAL STEREOTYPES IN THE STORY "A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS" BY KHALED HOSSEINI
Creators: name: Ibadova, Nafisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this article, one of the works of the talented Afghan writer H.Hosseini, the book "A Thousand Splendid Suns," reflects on the peculiarities of the description of his people. We all know that civil wars have been raging in Afghanistan for a quarter of a century. We know more than ever that these people are trying to preserve their nationality, traditions, and even their art as a spiritual heritage for future generations, even during the period of endless wars, because this is a country bordering the southern region of Uzbekistan.  We know that the folks, the people of the world have a rich heritage, witness to their story, origin, development[2].
Lie-algebraic interpretation of the maximal superintegrability and exact solvability of the Coulomb-Rosochatius potential in n dimensions
Creators: name: Kerimov, G. A.
name: Ventura, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential group method is applied to the n-dimensional Coulomb-Rosochatius potential, whose bound states and scattering states are worked out in detail. As far as scattering is concerned, the S-matrix elements are computed by the method of intertwining operators and an integral representation is obtained for the scattering amplitude. It is shown that the maximal superintegrability of the system is due to the underlying potential group and that the 2n-1 constants of motion are related to Casimir operators of subgroups.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, to appear in J. Phys. A : Math. Theor
Supplementary figures and tables of editorial of the Dental Hypotheses (ISSN: 2155 8213) entitled “Bilinear numerical analysis of the structural behavior of a dental implant applied as a biomaterial carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone (CFR-PEEK): a finite element analysis” (Issue 2, Vol 15, 2023).
Creators: name: Martinez-Mondragon, Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomechanical engineering

description: Supplementary figures and tables
A New Theory On The Quraanic Term Hadd (pl.Hudood)
Creators: name: Faizan Kirmani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Although this concept already existed that for the notion of punishments the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) is very feebly defined in Islamic Law. But to point out a deficiency in anything is much easier than to tell why this deficiency occurs and how should it be overcome? According to the beliefs of Abrahamic religions, God is the King of this world and it is agreed principle of English as well as Arabic language that words of King always considered correct and pure and always prevail over the words of a layman. In this research on the basis of opinions of Islamic scholars and in the light of the verses of Quraan i.e words of God, it has been proved that existing concept of the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) is not based on the words of King of this world i.e God but on the words of human being and the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) should not be used as any connection with punishments in Islamic Criminal Law because the King of this world didn't reveal the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) in any sense of punishments like whipping, stoning to death and amputation. The next question arises that if this idea is correct then in which sense the King of this world revealed the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) in Quraan? That's why in the next step an attempt has been made as to what could be possible definition of the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) if this term is to be used in Islamic Law and it was found that in the words of King of this world the term Hadd (pl.Hudood) should not be used in Criminal Law but in Civil Law. The derived definition has been termed as Quraanic definition of Hadd (pl.Hudood).
New Measurements of Upsilon Spin Alignment at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Jones, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new analysis of Upsilon(nS) to mu+mu- decays collected in proton anti-proton collisions with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. This analysis measures the angular distributions of the final state muons in the Upsilon rest frame, providing new information about Upsilon production polarization. We find the angular distributions to be nearly isotropic up to Upsilon transverse momentum of 40 GeV/c, consistent with previous measurements by CDF, but inconsistent with results obtained by the D0 experiment. The results are compared with recent NLO calculations based on color-singlet matrix elements and non-relativistic QCD with color-octet matrix elements.
description: Presented at the 2011 Hadron Collider Physics symposium (HCP-2011), Paris, France, November 14-18 2011, 4 pages, 5 figures
Quantum aether and an invariant Planck scale
Creators: name: Das, Saurya
name: Vagenas, Elias C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that a quantum aether is consistent with the principle of relativity and can provide an economical way of having an invariant quantum gravity or Planck scale. We also show that it may change the effective scale at which quantum gravity effects may be observable.
description: 3 pages, LaTeX, no figures, to appear in EPL
Seiberg-Witten differentials on the Hitchin base
Creators: name: Bruzzo, Ugo
name: Dalakov, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14D20, 14D07, 14H70

description: In this note we describe explicitly, in terms of Lie theory and cameral data, the covariant (Gauss--Manin) derivative of the Seiberg--Witten differential defined on the weight-one variation of Hodge structures that exists on a Zariski open subset of the base of the Hitchin fibration. Dedicated to Tony Pantev on the occasion of his 60th birthday.
description: 18 pages. Second version with minor modifications and corrected typos
Preprints: Powering the future of publishing
Creators: name: Coates, Jonny
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: Lecture at Jülich Open Science Speaker Series (Jülich, Germany),
description: The scientific publishing process is broken. The time it takes to publish and the amount of data required are increasing year on year. More recently government bodies from both the US and EU have released statements declaring that scientific research should be free to post and access. Although there are many different open access approaches to address these issues, preprints perhaps offer the best solution. Preprints are manuscripts shared online prior to journal organised peer review. In the life sciences, preprints have been on the rise since the launch of bioRxiv in 2013. During the COVID-19 pandemic, science underwent a cultural shift with 25% of the research being first shared as a preprint. This lecture will provide an overview of the preprint landscape and outline the role of preprints as the future of scientific publishing.
Intergrain forces in low Mach-number plasma wakes
Creators: name: Hutchinson, I. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale particle-in-cell calculations of the plasma wake interactions of two negatively charged grains smaller than the Debye length are carried out using the COPTIC code over a wide range of subsonic plasma flow velocities. In plasmas with temperature ratio $T_e/T_i=100$, it is found that a single grain's oscillatory wake disappears for flow Mach numbers ($M$) less than approximately 0.3, which is the parameter regime where Landau damping is expected to be strong. Neutral collisions suppress potential oscillations above $M=0.3$, but not the trailing attractive potential peak caused by ion focussing. The transverse (grain-aligning) force on a downstream particle in the wake of another is obtained rigorously from the code in three-dimensional simulations. It shows general agreement with the force that would be deduced from the single-grain wake potential gradient. Except for relatively large grains in the nonlinear collisional regime, the grain-aligning force is very small for slow flow.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Phys Rev E
Experimental investigation of pair dispersion with small initial separation in convective turbulent flows
Creators: name: Ni, Rui
name: Xia, Ke-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental investigation of pair dispersions in turbulent thermal convection with initial separation r0 ranging from sub-Kolmogorov scale to scales in the inertial range. In the dissipative range of scales we observed for the first time in experiment the exponential growth of the separation between a pair of particles predicted by Batchelor and obtained a Batchelor constant 0.23\pm0.07. For large r0, it is found that, for almost all time range, both the mean-square separation and distance neighbor function exhibit the forms predicted by Batchelor, whereas the two quantities agree with Richardson's predictions for small r0. Moreover, the measured value of the Richardson constant g = 0.10 \pm 0.07, which is smaller than those found in other turbulence systems. We also demonstrate the crossover of the mean-square separation from the exponential to the Batchelor regimes in both temporal and spatial scales.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dynamical mean-field theory for Rényi entanglement entropy and mutual Information in Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Bera, Surajit
name: Haldar, Arijit
name: Banerjee, Sumilan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement, lacking any classical counterpart, provides a fundamental new route to characterize the quantum nature of many-body states. In this work, we discuss an implementation of a new path integral method [Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 033505 (2020)] for fermions to compute entanglement for extended subsystems in the Hubbard model within dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) in one and two dimensions. The new path integral formulation measures entanglement by applying a ``kick" to the underlying interacting fermions. We show that the Rényi entanglement entropy can be extracted efficiently within the DMFT framework by integrating over the strength of the kick term. Using this method, we compute the second Rényi entropy as a function of subsystem size for metallic and Mott insulating phases of the Hubbard model. We explore the thermal entropy to entanglement crossover in the subsystem Rényi entropy in the correlated metallic phase. We show that the subsystem-size scaling of second Rényi entropy is well described by the crossover formula which interpolates between the volume-law thermal Rényi entropy and the universal boundary-law Rényi entanglement entropy with logarithmic violation, as predicted by conformal field theory. We also study the mutual information across the Mott metal-insulator transition.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
The relationship of particulate matter retention in the lung to the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Ling, Sean Hilton
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Particulate matter (PM) deposited into the lung is removed predominantly by ciliary action of epithelial cells in the airways and by macrophages that phagocytose these particles in the peripheral air space. We hypothesize that the particle load or burden in the lungs’ of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are responsible for perpetuating the chronic inflammatory response in the lung of subjects with COPD (even after smoking cessation). Samples were selected to cover the whole range of severity of COPD. Quantitative histological methods were used to quantify and characterize the particle burden in the lung tissue. The volume fraction (Vv) of PM in the lung tissue, including the parenchyma, airways, alveolar macrophages, blood vessels, and lymphoid follicles was determined using the aforementioned methods. To determine the chemical composition of the PM, Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze samples in situ. PM could be found in virtually all compartments of the lung: the parenchyma, blood vessels, airways, lymphoid follicles, and alveolar macrophages. The total burden of PM in all tissues of the lung was higher in subjects with COPD compared to controls (p<O.OO1) as well as in smokers with normal lung function (p<O.O1). There was an incremental increase in PM with increased COPD severity that peaks at GOLD 2 and then falls off in the GOLD 3/4 group. These findings were very similar in analysis to the lung parenchyma, but the same relationship was not found in the blood vessels and lymphoid follicles. An increase in lung PM burden correlated with a decline in FEV ₁/FVC and pack years smoking. The PM in the lung tissue was found to have a similar Raman spectrum to that of carbonaceous soot. We conclude that PM is retained in the lung of COPD subjects. Whether just the burden of exposure or whether poor clearance of PM from the lungs is responsible, remains unclear from our data. We speculate that this retained PM could perpetuate the chronic inflammatory response in the lung and contribute to the progression of COPD.
Elektromobilität auf dem Prüfstand
Creators: name: Becsi Benedikt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Windenergie
Erneuerbare Energie
Leistungsfluktuation
Windgeschwindigkeit
Rotorleistung
Windpark

description: BOKU-Energiecluster Factsheet

Die Umstellung des motorisierten Individualverkehrs auf batteriebetriebenen elektrischen Antrieb wirft zahlreiche Fragen auf und wird heftig diskutiert. Bei einer Veranstaltung des Energieclusters am 4.6.2019 wurde die Elektromobilität auf den Prüfstand gestellt und aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven beleuchtet. Dieses Factsheet fasst die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse aus den Beiträgen zusammen.
description: Veranstaltungsbericht
Lattice determination of the $K \to (ππ)_{I=2}$ Decay Amplitude $A_2$
Creators: name: Blum, T.
name: Boyle, P. A.
name: Christ, N. H.
name: Garron, N.
name: Goode, E.
name: Izubuchi, T.
name: Jung, C.
name: Kelly, C.
name: Lehner, C.
name: Lightman, M.
name: Liu, Q.
name: Lytle, A. T.
name: Mawhinney, R. D.
name: Sachrajda, C. T.
name: Soni, A.
name: Sturm, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the computation of the amplitude A_2 for a kaon to decay into two pions with isospin I=2. The results presented in the letter Phys.Rev.Lett. 108 (2012) 141601 from an analysis of 63 gluon configurations are updated to 146 configurations giving Re$A_2=1.381(46)_{\textrm{stat}}(258)_{\textrm{syst}} 10^{-8}$ GeV and Im$A_2=-6.54(46)_{\textrm{stat}}(120)_{\textrm{syst}}10^{-13}$ GeV. Re$A_2$ is in good agreement with the experimental result, whereas the value of Im$A_2$ was hitherto unknown. We are also working towards a direct computation of the $K\to(ππ)_{I=0}$ amplitude $A_0$ but, within the standard model, our result for Im$A_2$ can be combined with the experimental results for Re$A_0$, Re$A_2$ and $ε^\prime/ε$ to give Im$A_0/$Re$A_0= -1.61(28)\times 10^{-4}$ . Our result for Im\,$A_2$ implies that the electroweak penguin (EWP) contribution to $ε^\prime/ε$ is Re$(ε^\prime/ε)_{\mathrm{EWP}} = -(6.25 \pm 0.44_{\textrm{stat}} \pm 1.19_{\textrm{syst}}) \times 10^{-4}$.
description: 59 pages, 11 figures
Searching for resonance states in $^{22}$Ne($p,γ$)$^{23}$Na
Creators: name: Carrasco-Rojas, D. P.
name: Williams, M.
name: Adsley, P.
name: Lamia, L.
name: Bastin, B.
name: Faestermann, T.
name: Fougeres, C.
name: Hammache, F.
name: Harrouz, D. S.
name: Hertenberger, R.
name: La Cognata, M.
name: Meyer, A.
name: Santos, F. de Oliveira
name: Palmerini, S.
name: Pizzone, R. G.
name: Romano, S.
name: de Sereville, N.
name: Tumino, A.
name: Wirth, H. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Globular clusters show strong correlations between different elements, such as the well-known sodium-oxygen anticorrelation. One of the main sources of uncertainty in this anticorrelation is the $^{22}$Ne($p,γ$)$^{23}$Na reaction rate, due to the possible influence of an unobserved resonance state at $E_\mathrm{x} = 8862$ keV ($E_\mathrm{r, c.m.} = 68$ keV). The influence of two higher-lying resonance states at $E_\mathrm{x} = 8894$ and $9000$ keV has already been ruled out by direct $^{22}$Ne($p,γ$)$^{23}$Na measurementsPurpose: To study excited states in $^{23}$Na above the proton threshold to determine if the unconfirmed resonance states in $^{23}$Na exist. Methods: The non-selective proton inelastic scattering reaction at low energies was used to search for excited states in $^{23}$Na above the proton threshold. Protons scattered from various targets were momentum-analysed in the Q3D magnetic spectrograph at the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratorium, Munich, Germany. Results: The resonance states previously reported at $E_\mathrm{x} = 8862$, $8894$ and $9000$ keV in other experiments were not observed in the present experiment at any angle. This result, combined with other non-observations of these resonance states in most other experiments, results in a strong presumption against the existence of these resonance states. Conclusions: The previously reported resonance states at $E_\mathrm{x} = 8862$, $8894$ and $9000$ keV are unlikely to exist and should be omitted from future evaluations of the $^{22}$Ne($p,γ$)$^{23}$Na reaction rates. Indirect studies using low-energy proton inelastic scattering are a simple and yet exceptionally powerful tool in helping to constrain astrophysical reaction rates by providing non-selective information of the excited states of nuclei.
description: 1 single-panel figure and 5 double-panel figures. Updated version of paper with better organisation of parts
Differences in Fe toxicity response index and associated growth characteristics among rice genotypes
Creators: name: Aratani, Haruka
name: Rumanti, Indrastuti A.
name: Nugraha, Yudhistira
name: Kamiya, Takehiro
name: Yamasaki, Yuji
name: Kato, Yoichiro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Acid sulfate soils in tropical coastal rice areas contain high Fe levels, and excess ferrous (Fe2+) ions are released during the early growth stage in the wet season. In such environments, Fe toxicity can cause significant yield losses. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the seedling growth of diverse rice germplasm (from japonica, aus and indica groups) under high-Fe conditions in hydroponic culture and to elucidate the growth characteristics of Fe toxicity tolerant genotypes. We calculated an Fe toxicity response index (FTRI) as a selection criterion that reflects both the response of shoot biomass to high Fe and the amount of Fe-induced leaf bronzing damage: higher FTRI values indicate greater tolerance to high Fe levels. We first compared Fe levels to determine the appropriate conditions for genotype selection, and then screened 2- to 3-week-old seedlings grown for 2 more weeks in hydroponic solution containing 500 mg Fe2+ L−1. Sixteen genotypes were screened, and for five of them, the differences in FTRI corresponded with previously reported yield performance in high-Fe fields. We identified Taichung65 (temperate japonica) as a promising donor, as it showed little bronzing damage and high relative (stress/control) biomass under high-Fe conditions, resulting in a high FTRI. Plant nutrient analyses of Taichung65 suggested that maintenance of low Fe concentration and low total Fe content in shoots despite high Fe concentration in the rhizosphere, through prevention of either root Fe uptake or Fe translocation from the root to the shoot, should be an important mechanism of Fe toxicity tolerance.
ENGLISH FOR BEGINNERS: TIPS AND RESOURCES TO GET YOU STARTED
Creators: name: Maksudova, Shakhnoza
name: Khakimova, Dilnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article provides tips and resources for beginners looking to learn English. It emphasizes the importance of a positive attitude, immersion in the language, practicing speaking and writing, and utilizing resources such as online platforms, textbooks, and language tutors.
R&D Status of Nuclear Emulsion For Directional Dark Matter Search
Creators: name: Naka, T.
name: Kimura, M.
name: Nakamura, M.
name: Sato, O.
name: Nakano, T.
name: Asada, T.
name: Tawara, Y.
name: Suzuki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we are doing R&D for directional dark matter search with nuclear emulsion. First of all, higher resolution nuclear emulsion with fine silver halide crystals was developed in the production facility of emulsion at Nagoya university, and we confirmed that it can detect the expected nuclear recoil tracks. The readout of submicron tracks was required the new technology. We developed the expansion technique, and could readout the signal by shape analysis with optical microscopy. The two dimensional angular resolution is 36 degrees at the original track length of range from 150nm to 200nm with optical microscopy. Finally we demonstrated by using recoiled nuclei induced by 14.8MeV neutron, and confirmed the technique.Moreover, we developed the X-ray microscope system with SPring-8 as final check with higher resolution of selected candidate tracks with optical microscopy. The angular resolution was improved from 31 degrees with optical microscopy to 17degrees with X-ray microscopy at the track length of range from 150nm to 250nm. We are developing the practical system and planning for start of the test running with prototype detector.
description: Proceedings of the 3rd International conference on Directional Detection of Dark Matter (CYGNUS 2011), Aussois, France, 8-10 June 2011
On the error-sum function of Pierce expansions
Creators: name: Ahn, Min Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80 (Primary) 11K55, 26A18, 33E20, 41A58 (Secondary)

description: We introduce the error-sum function of Pierce expansions. Some basic properties of the error-sum function are analyzed. We also examine the fractal property of the graph of it by calculating the Hausdorff dimension, the box-counting dimension, and the covering dimension of the graph.
description: 31 pages; typos corrected
A Large Group of Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars in the Disk of M31: A Missing Piece of the Puzzle?
Creators: name: Davidge, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of a stellar grouping that is ~ 3.5 kpc to the north east of the center of M31 is examined. This structure has (1) a surface brightness that is lower than the surrounding disk, (2) a more-or-less round appearance, (3) a size of ~ 300 arcsec (~ 1 kpc), and (4) an integrated brightness M_K = 6.5. It is populated by stars with ages > 100 Myr and J-K colors that tend to be bluer than those of stars in the surrounding disk. Comparisons with model luminosity functions suggest that the star formation rate in this object has changed twice in the past few hundred Myr. Fitting a Sersic function to the light profile reveals a power-law index and effective surface brightness that are similar to those of dwarf galaxies with the same integrated brightness. Two possible origins for this object are considered: (1) it is a heretofore undiscovered satellite of M31 that is seen against/in/through the M31 disk, or (2) it is a fossil star-forming region in the M31 disk.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Spin Ice, Fractionalization and Topological Order
Creators: name: Castelnovo, C.
name: Moessner, R.
name: Sondhi, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin ice compounds {\dys} and {\holm} are highly unusual magnets which epitomize a set of concepts of great interest in modern condensed matter physics: their low-energy physics exhibits an emergent gauge field and their excitations are magnetic monopoles which arise from the fractionalization of the microscopic magnetic spin degrees of freedom. In this review, we provide an elementary introduction to these concepts and we survey the thermodynamics, statics and dynamics---in and out of equilibrium---of spin ice from these vantage points. Along the way, we touch on topics such as emergent Coulomb plasmas, observable "Dirac strings", and irrational charges. We close with the outlook for these unique materials.
description: (15 pages, 9 figures) see http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-020911-125058 for the published version
Auryn: Adaptor For General-Purpose Digital Microfluidic Biochips
Creators: name: Trojok, Rüdiger
name: Volpato, Alessandro
name: Alistar, Mirela
name: Schubert, Jorma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: digital microfluidics, biochip, hardware design

description: ABSTRACT

Digital microfluidics programs biology by transporting drop-

lets on an electrode array. Droplets can carry a variety of flu-

ids (e.g., biological samples, nutrient media, buffers, reagents),

and their transportation is entirely programmable. Biology is

becoming digital through digital microfluidics.

We have developed a cyberphysical system that offers hard-

ware support for digital biology. The main piece of our system

is a digital microfluidic biochip (Auryn) developed for gen-

eral-purpose use. We designed Auryn to be mounted on top of

lab-on-a chip device (OpenDrop). The droplets are trans-

ported on an electrode array shielded by an ITO glass cover.

Our Auryn is easy to reproduce with available personal fabri-

cation machines, and we supplement the design files open

source. As future work, we will further fabricate specialized

microfluidic biochips using inkjet printed electronics.
Ultrafast entangling gates between nuclear spins using photo-excited triplet states
Creators: name: Filidou, Vasileia
name: Simmons, Stephanie
name: Karlen, Steven D.
name: Giustino, Feliciano
name: Anderson, Harry L.
name: Morton, John J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The representation of information within the spins of electrons and nuclei has been powerful in the ongoing development of quantum computers. Although nuclear spins are advantageous as quantum bits (qubits) due to their long coherence lifetimes (exceeding seconds), they exhibit very slow spin interactions and have weak polarisation. A coupled electron spin can be used to polarise the nuclear spin and create fast single-qubit gates, however, the permanent presence of electron spins is a source of nuclear decoherence. Here we show how a transient electron spin, arising from the optically excited triplet state of C60, can be used to hyperpolarise, manipulate and measure two nearby nuclear spins. Implementing a scheme which uses the spinor nature of the electron, we performed an entangling gate in hundreds of nanoseconds: five orders of magnitude faster than the liquid-state J coupling. This approach can be widely applied to systems comprising an electron spin coupled to multiple nuclear spins, such as NV centres, while the successful use of a transient electron spin motivates the design of new molecules able to exploit photo-excited triplet states.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Robust wall modes and their interplay with bulk turbulence in confined rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection
Creators: name: de Wit, Xander M.
name: Boot, Wouter J. M.
name: Madonia, Matteo
name: Guzmán, Andrés J. Aguirre
name: Kunnen, Rudie P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In confined rotating convection, a strong zonal flow can develop close to the side wall with a modal structure that precesses anti-cyclonically (counter to the applied rotation) along the side wall. It is surmised that this is a robust non-linear evolution of the wall modes observed before the onset of bulk convection. Here, we perform direct numerical simulations of cylindrically confined rotating convection at high rotation rates and strong turbulent forcing. Through comparison with earlier work, we find a fit-parameter-free relation that links the angular drift frequency of the robust wall mode observed far into the turbulent regime with the critical wall mode frequency at onset, firmly substantiating the connection between the observed boundary zonal flow and the wall modes. Deviations from this relation at stronger turbulent forcing suggest early signs of the bulk turbulence starting to hamper the development of the wall mode. Furthermore, by studying the interactive flow between the robust wall mode and the bulk turbulence, we identify radial jets penetrating from the wall mode into the bulk. These jets induce a large scale multipolar vortex structure in the bulk turbulence, dependent on the wavenumber of the wall mode. In a narrow cylinder the entire bulk flow is dominated by a quadrupolar vortex driven by the radial jets, while in a wider cylinder the jets are found to have a finite penetration length and the vortices do not cover the entire bulk. We also identify the role of Reynolds stresses in the generation of zonal flows in the region near the sidewall.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Deformed Cartan matrices and generalized preprojective algebras II: General type
Creators: name: Fujita, Ryo
name: Murakami, Kota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 17B37, 16W50, 17B67, 81R50

description: We propose a definition of deformed symmetrizable generalized Cartan matrices with several deformation parameters, which admit a categorical interpretation by graded modules over the generalized preprojective algebras in the sense of Geiß-Leclerc-Schröer. Using the categorical interpretation, we deduce a combinatorial formula for the inverses of our deformed Cartan matrices in terms of braid group actions. Under a certain condition, which is satisfied in all the symmetric cases or in all the finite and affine cases, our definition coincides with that of the mass-deformed Cartan matrices introduced by Kimura-Pestun in their study of quiver $\mathcal{W}$-algebras.
description: 27 pages, v2: final version, minor corrections
Sharp modulus of continuity for parabolic equations on manifolds and lower bounds for the first eigenvalue
Creators: name: Andrews, Ben
name: Clutterbuck, Julie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K10, 35P15 (Primary) 35K55 (Secondary)

description: We derive sharp estimates on modulus of continuity for solutions of the heat equation on a compact Riemannian manifold with a Ricci curvature bound, in terms of initial oscillation and elapsed time. As an application, we give an easy proof of the optimal lower bound on the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian on such a manifold as a function of diameter.
Quantitative assessment of botulinum toxin injection on blink rate in blepharospasm
Creators: name: Yazdanpanah, Ghasem
name: Yen, Michael T.
name: Pflugfelder, Stephen C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To objectively measure the blink rate in patients with blepharospasm managed by botulinum toxin type-A injections. In this prospective, non-interventional case series, the complete blink rates of subjects were measured before incobotulinumtoxina injection and at follow-up within 4 weeks using slow-motion video-taping. Additionally, subjects graded the frequency of blinking, the severity of light-sensitivity, and the severity and frequency of dry eye symptoms on a categorical visual analog scale. The results are reported as median (range). Ten subjects were enrolled, with nine females. The total duration of treatment was 70 (5–116) months with total of 27.5 (2–51) injections. The subjects were grouped as short-time (<52w) or long-time (>52w) treatments. The median age, follow-up time, and injected doses were 73.5 (49–81) years, 21 (14–28) days, and 38 (8–47) units, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. The total complete blinks per minute before incobotulinumtoxina injection was 39 (23–64) which decreased to 18.5 (1–60) at follow-up (p = 0.004). The average change in complete blink rate was −67.4 ± 23.7% in long-time and −45.2 ± 31.2% in short-time groups (mean ± SD, p = 0.01). The total self-graded frequency of blinking and light-sensitivity decreased significantly at follow-up (p = 0.004, p = 0.047, respectively). Similar patterns of subject reported grades were seen in both groups. Videotaping is a low-cost method for objective measurement of blink rate in blepharospasm patients after incobotulinumtoxina injection. There was a significant reduction in blink rate after incobotulinumtoxina injections with higher percentage of change in the long-time treatment group. Incobotulinumtoxina injection also significantly improves subjective photophobia.
The 2008 outburst of EX Lup - silicate crystals in motion
Creators: name: Juhasz, Attila
name: Dullemond, Cornelis
name: van Boekel, Roy
name: Bouwman, Jeroen
name: Abraham, Peter
name: Acosta-Pulido, Jose
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Kospal, Agnes
name: Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora
name: Jones, Albert
name: Moor, Attila
name: Mosoni, Laszlo
name: Regaly, Zsolt
name: Szokoly, Gyula
name: Sipos, Nikoletta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EX Lup is the prototype of the EXor class of eruptive young stars. These objects show optical outbursts which are thought to be related to runaway accretion onto the star. In a previous study we observed in-situ crystal formation in the disk of EX Lup during its latest outburst in 2008, making the object an ideal laboratory to investigate circumstellar crystal formation and transport. This outburst was monitored by a campaign of ground-based and Spitzer Space Telescope observations. Here we modeled the spectral energy distribution of EX Lup in the outburst from optical to millimeter wavelengths with a 2D radiative transfer code. Our results showed that the shape of the SED at optical wavelengths was more consistent with a single temperature blackbody than a temperature distribution. We also found that this single temperature component emitted 80-100 % of the total accretion luminosity. We concluded that a thermal instability, the most widely accepted model of EXor outbursts, was likely not the triggering mechanism of the 2008 outburst of EX Lup. Our mid-infrared Spitzer spectra revealed that the strength of all crystalline bands between 8 and 30 um increased right after the end of the outburst. Six months later, however, the crystallinity in the 10 um silicate feature complex decreased. Our modeling of the mid-infrared spectral evolution of EXLup showed that, although vertical mixing should be stronger during the outburst than in the quiescent phase, fast radial transport of crystals (e.g., by stellar/disk wind) was required to reproduce the observed mid-infrared spectra.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 37 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables