cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HIV and aging : age-associated chronic comorbidities among HIV-positive individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy in British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Gali, Brent James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed HIV from a once fatal condition into a treatable chronic disease. As people with HIV are living longer than in the past, understanding the effects of aging with HIV is of increasing importance. This dissertation aims to explore trends of several chronic diseases during the current HAART era, while also taking into consideration the impact of expanded access to HAART in British Columbia, Canada from 2000-2012. Methods: The studies presented in this dissertation are based on administrative data collected from the Comparative Outcomes and Health Service Utilization Trends (COAST) study. Various analytical methods were used to assess trends of chronic disease incidence of six common chronic diseases: cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/asthma, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic liver disease (CLD). Both studies were retrospective population-based cohort studies of HIV-positive individuals whom accessed HAART and identified as HIV-positive in the COAST study database by validated algorithms. Several measures were employed to determine risks and trends of chronic disease incidence. Results: The results of each study showed that trends and risks of chronic disease incidence were not all consistent. In the first study exploring trends of chronic diseases among 10,210 HIV-positive individuals whom had accessed HAART the adjusted incidence rate for HTN increased over time; CKD and CLD decreased over time; and no trend was observed for CVD, COPD/Asthma and DM. In the second study, among 4,840 HIV-positive individuals who initiated HAART during this period, the relative risk of CLD incidence was reduced in the post- (2006-2012) versus pre- (2000-2005) HAART expansion periods. The relative risk for CVD, DM, HTN, COPD/asthma and CKD were not statistically significant in the post expansion period. Conclusions: Results from this dissertation provide insight on trends and risks of several comorbidities during the current HAART era. Specifically, the results of this dissertation highlight the trend towards increasing incidence of HTN and decreasing incidence of CLD among HIV-positive aging populations. Understanding how chronic comorbidities affect future disability and death among people aging with HIV is an important area of further research.
Additional file 8 of The novel circSLC6A6/miR-1265/C2CD4A axis promotes colorectal cancer growth by suppressing p53 signaling pathway
Creators: name: Rong, Zeyin
name: Luo, Zai
name: Fu, Zhongmao
name: Zhang, Pengshan
name: Li, Tengfei
name: Zhang, Jianming
name: Zhu, Zhonglin
name: Yu, Zhilong
name: Li, Qi
name: Qiu, Zhengjun
name: Huang, Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8.
Identification and assessment of first exploitable results
Creators: name: Noris, Federico
name: Neddermann, Bernd
name: Domínguez-García, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Floating Wind
Exploitable REsults
innovation

description: This document identifies, summarizes and starts managing the exploitable results for the COREWIND project. This activity will gain precision and become sharper as developments will progress, therefore getting closer to the result exploitation. It will use the identified results from the proposal stage as a starting point, also taking the inputs from the first 18 months (M18) of development in the COREWIND project.
Moving force : case study of a sustainability tour as a potential vehicle to enhance application of learning
Creators: name: Gillard, Spring
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Despite concentrated efforts by sustainability practitioners and educators around the world, very little progress has been made in terms of creating more sustainable communities. Many of those same practitioners and educators are now calling for a paradigm shift – a new story that will move us away from the view of the world as a machine to one in which the world is seen as a network, a holistic system of interconnections and relationships. Experiential educational methods are acknowledged as the most effective means for teaching and learning “systems” thinking, a key sustainability competency. This is an exploratory case study of one such method – an annual sustainability tour course within a larger certificate program for sustainable community development in a continuing education unit at a major BC academic institution. The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of the perceived influence that an educative experience in the form of a sustainability tour had on participant learning, the features of the tour format that contributed to participant learning, and factors that participants believe enhanced or inhibited application of what they learned. In keeping with a long tradition in adult education research of employing multiple lenses in order to assess program effects, a multi-disciplinary theoretical framework was developed that included theories from systems thinking, sustainability, adult education, program planning and evaluation, application of learning, the sociology of tourism, and cognitive science. Qualitative research methods were employed; both course participants and facilitators from the wider certificate program were interviewed, and a number of course-related documents were analyzed. Findings indicate that the tour format has unique features that produce a “tour effect” that may not only enhance learning, but contribute to deeper embodied learning, and thereby increase the likelihood for applying learning. The tour itself was found to be a flexible, multi-vocal mobile storytelling vehicle, one that can play a critical role in moving us into a new story.
Decomposing diffeomorphisms of the sphere
Creators: name: Fletcher, Alastair
name: Markovic, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that any diffeomorphism of the sphere S^n to itself can be decomposed into bi-Lipschitz mappings of small isometric distortion and which move points a small amount in the spherical metric.
Una disciplina per i tabulati telefonici che attua il diritto alla prova: un modello anche per le intercettazioni?
Creators: name: Filippi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Studi Urbinati - Serie A
Year: 2014

description: [Abstract non disponibile]
description: Studi Urbinati - Serie A, Vol 58, N° 4 (2007): Terrorismo internazionale e tutela dei diritti individuali
Accertamenti coattivi e tutela della libertà corporale nel processo penale
Creators: name: Panzavolta, Michele
Publisher: name: Studi Urbinati - Serie A
Year: 2014

description: [Abstract non disponibile]
description: Studi Urbinati - Serie A, Vol 58, N° 4 (2007): Terrorismo internazionale e tutela dei diritti individuali
Cosmological Consequences of Exponential Gravity in Palatini Formalism
Creators: name: Campista, M.
name: Santos, B.
name: Santos, J.
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological consequences of a class of exponential $f(R)$ gravity in the Palatini formalism. By using the current largest type Ia Supernova sample along with determinations of the cosmic expansion at intermediary and high-$z$ we impose tight constraints on the model parameters. Differently from other $f(R)$ models, we find solutions of transient acceleration, in which the large-scale modification of gravity will drive the Universe to a new decelerated era in the future. We also show that a viable cosmological history with the usual matter-dominated era followed by an accelerating phase is predicted for some intervals of model parameters.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, LaTeX
Schwinger Vacuum Pair Production in Chirped Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Dumlu, Cesim K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent developments of high intensity ultra-short laser pulses have raised the hopes of observing Schwinger vacuum pair production which is one of the important non-perturbative phenomena in Quantum electrodynamics (QED). The quantitative analysis of realistic high intensity laser pulses is vital for understanding the effect of the field parameters on the momentum spectrum of the produced particles. In this study, we analyze chirped laser pulses with a sub-cycle structure, and investigate the effects of the chirp parameter on the momentum spectrum of the produced particles. The combined effect of the chirp and carrier phase of the laser pulse is also analyzed. These effects are qualitatively explained by investigating the turning point structure of the potential within the framework of the complex WKB scattering approach to pair production.
Nondeterminstic ultrafast ground state cooling of a mechanical resonator
Creators: name: Li, Yong
name: Wu, Lian-Ao
name: Wang, Ying-Dan
name: Yang, Li-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ultrafast feasible scheme for ground state cooling of a mechanical resonator via repeated random time-interval measurements on an auxiliary flux qubit. We find that the ground state cooling can be achieved with \emph{several} such measurements. The cooling efficiency hardly depends on the time-intervals between any two consecutive measurements. The scheme is also robust against environmental noises.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Integrability, spin-chains and the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence
Creators: name: Sax, O. Ohlsson
name: Stefanski, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on arXiv:0912.1723, in this paper we investigate the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence using integrability techniques. We present an all-loop Bethe Ansatz (BA) for strings on AdS_3 x S^3 x S^3 x S^1, with symmetry D(2,1;alpha)^2, valid for all values of alpha. This construction relies on a novel, alpha-dependent generalisation of the Zhukovsky map. We investigate the weakly-coupled limit of this BA and of the all-loop BA for strings on AdS_3 x S^3 x T^4. We construct integrable short-range spin-chains and Hamiltonians that correspond to these weakly-coupled BAs. The spin-chains are alternating and homogenous, respectively. The alternating spin-chain can be regarded as giving some of the first hints about the unknown CFT2 dual to string theory on AdS_3 x S^3 x S^3 x S^1. We show that, in the alpha to 1 limit, the integrable structure of the D(2,1;alpha) model is non-singular and keeps track of not just massive but also massless modes. This provides a way of incorporating massless modes into the integrability machinery of the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence.
description: LaTeX, 38 pages. v2: Corrected misprints in section 6.2
EVALUATINGDRIVING FACTORS BEHIND RELATIONAL CONTRACTS IN AGRICULTURAL CAPITAL EQUIPMENT
Creators: name: Dell, Frances Victoria B
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Farm management, rural management and agribusiness

description: This study uses the Large Commercial Producer Survey distributed by Purdue University in 2021. It was analyzed using a Marginal Probability Effects Probit Model to evaluate driving factors behind relational contracts and loyalty in agricultural capital equipment.
Implicit iteration methods in Hilbert scales under general smoothness conditions
Creators: name: Jin, Qinian
name: Tautenhahn, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For solving linear ill-posed problems regularization methods are required when the right hand side is with some noise. In the present paper regularized solutions are obtained by implicit iteration methods in Hilbert scales. % By exploiting operator monotonicity of certain functions and interpolation techniques in variable Hilbert scales, we study these methods under general smoothness conditions. Order optimal error bounds are given in case the regularization parameter is chosen either {\it a priori} or {\it a posteriori} by the discrepancy principle. For realizing the discrepancy principle, some fast algorithm is proposed which is based on Newton's method applied to some properly transformed equations.
Fracture as a pattern formation process
Creators: name: Fleck, M.
name: Pilipenko, D.
name: Spatschek, R.
name: Brener, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A continuum model of crack propagation is presented and discussed. We obtain steady state solutions with a self-consistently selected propagation velocity and shape of the crack, provided that elastodynamic and viscoelastic effects are taken into account. Two different mechanism of crack propagation, a first order phase transition and surface diffusion are considered, and we discuss different loading modes. The arising free boundary problems are solved by phase field methods and a sharp interface approach using a multipole expansion technique.
Study on Characteristics of Soil Seed Bank of Natural Grassland in Nierong County
Creators: name: Xiuhua
name: Xiuhua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Seed soil bank, Degraded grassland, Plant community

description: [Objectives] To explore the species, density, distribution and other characteristics of the soil seed bank of different degrees of degraded grassland in Nierong County, and introduce the species composition of the above-ground vegetation community. [Methods] The grassland in Nerong County was divided into non-degraded, mildly degraded, moderately degraded, and severely degraded grassland. Then the relationship between above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank and the role of seed bank in the construction of above-ground vegetation community was analyzed. [Results] The soil seed bank density of moderately degraded plots is the highest, and that of severely degraded grassland is the lowest. For the non-degraded and mildly degraded plots, the species in the soil seed bank are mainly Cyperaceae such as Kobresia pygmaea and Kobresia humilis. For moderately degraded plots, the species in the soil seed bank is dominated by Potentilla anserina in Rosaceae family. Besides, the soil seed bank of each plot is mainly concentrated in the 0-3 cm soil layer. The similarity between the soil seed bank and the vegetation community of the sample plots from high to low is: no degradation > mild degradation > moderate degradation > severe degradation. [Conclusions] In accordance with the present situation of grassland degradation, for moderately degraded grasslands, it is recommended to take appropriate enclosure and rest grazing; for severely degraded grasslands, no-tillage reseeding will be favorable for the restoration and protection of grassland ecological functions. In summary, it is intended to provide references for the management of alpine meadows and the restoration and reconstruction of degraded ecosystems in alpine regions.
Photochemical Photon Upconverters with Ionic Liquids
Creators: name: Murakami, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon upconversion based on triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) of excited triplet molecules is drawing attention due to its applicability for weak incident light, possessing a potential for improving overall efficiencies of solar energy conversion devices. Since energy transfer between triplet levels of different molecules or TTA requires electron exchange between molecules by the Dexter mechanism, inter-molecular collision is necessary and hence the majority of previous studies have been done with volatile organic solvents as fluidic media. This paper presents the development and characterization of a new class of TTA-based photon upconverters with ionic liquids (ILs), which are room temperature molten salts with negligible vapor pressure and high thermal stability. The fabricated samples are found to be stable and the solvation mechanism of the molecules in ILs is proposed. The upconversion quantum yield (UC-QY) is IL dependent and the maximum value observed was approximately 10 % for red-to-blue upconversion. An analytical model was developed to explain the experimental results based on the assumption of efficient energy transfer between molecules. The model agrees with the observed relationship between the excitation intensity and UC-QY, showing that viscosities of the ILs are not a practical problem for the usage of TTA-based photon upconversion.
IC MAGE Flow Model 01 – Nonlinearly varying anisotropic permeability
Creators: name: Taborda, David M G
name: Kontoe, Stavroula
name: Tsiampousi, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geotechnical Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Coupled Analysis
Hydraulic Behaviour
Geotechnical Engineering

description: IC MAGE FM01 is a user-defined flow model for PLAXIS that allows the simulation of spatially-varying anisotropic permeability.
description: {"references": ["Avgerinos, V. (2014) Numerical investigation of tunnelling beneath existing tunnels. PhD Thesis, Imperial College London, UK.", "Hight, D.W., Gasparre, A., Nishimura, S., Minh, N.A., Jardine, R.J., Coop, M.R. (2007) Characteristics of the London Clay from the terminal 5 site at Heathrow airport. G\u00e9otechnique, Vol.57, No.1, pp.: 3\u201318."]}
Probing pretzelosity $h^{\perp}_{1T}$ via the polarized proton-antiproton Drell-Yan process
Creators: name: Zhu, Jiacai
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the polarized proton-antiproton Drell-Yan process is ideal to probe the pretzelosity distribution ($h_{1T}^\perp$), which is one of the new transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions of the nucleon. We present predictions of the $\cos(2ϕ+ ϕ_a - ϕ_b)$ asymmetry in the transversely polarized proton-antiproton Drell-Yan process at PAX kinematics and find that the results are significantly larger compared with those of the $\sin(3ϕ_h - ϕ_S)$ asymmetry in the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering process at HERMES, COMPASS, and JLab kinematics. We conclude that the $\cos(2ϕ+ ϕ_a - ϕ_b)$ asymmetry in the PAX experiment can probe the new physical quantity of the pretzelosity distribution.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, final version in journal publication
Experiences of Chinese immigrant women following zuo yue zi in the lower mainland of British Columbia
Creators: name: Chang, Sylvia Hsi-Ching
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: There are increasing numbers of women emigrating from China and Taiwan who chose to follow Chinese traditional post-partum practices which refers to “zuo yue zi”in the lower mainland of British Columbia. However, there are insufficient Canadian studies and a paucity of qualitative studies explicitly exploring women’s experiences with zuo yue zi. I used a qualitative description design to obtain narrative data on the perspectives of experiences with zuo yue zi from 13 mothers residing in the Greater Vancouver region. The development of the core theme, Chinese women’s novel encounters with zuo yue zi, incorporated women’s expectations of zuo yue zi, their struggles with the practices, and the modifications of their expectations. The Chinese women followed some traditional practices and modified others depending on their level of comfort with potential health effects and support from family and paid helpers. They needed to consider their own and their infants’ wellbeing, considerations for family members, their previous experiences, and structural limitations in their new environments. Based on the study findings, I suggest nursing implications for clinical practice, education and research starting in the prenatal period and into the postnatal period. I also make recommendations in terms of supporting new immigrant mothers who wish to follow traditional practices and addressing regulatory guidelines to protect their newborns from unregulated paid care providers in their new adopted homeland.
The 2013 KIT Quaero Speech-to-Text System for French
Creators: name: Winebarger, Joshua
name: Nguyen, Bao
name: Gehring, Jonas
name: Stüker, Sebastian
name: Waibel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
Year: 2013

description: This paper describes our Speech-to-Text (STT) system for French, which was developed as part of our efforts in the Quaero program for the 2013 evaluation. Our STT system consists of six subsystems which were created by combining multiple complementary sources of pronunciation modeling including graphemes with various feature front-ends based on deep neural networks and tonal features. Both speaker-independent and speaker adaptively trained versions of the systems were built. The resulting systems were then combined via confusion network combination and crossadaptation. Through progressive advances and system combination we reach a word error rate (WER) of 16.5% on the 2012 Quaero evaluation data.
Horizon area--angular momentum inequality for a class of axially symmetric black holes
Creators: name: Aceña, Andrés
name: Dain, Sergio
name: Clément, María E. Gabach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove an inequality between horizon area and angular momentum for a class of axially symmetric black holes. This class includes initial conditions with an isometry which leaves fixed a two-surface. These initial conditions have been extensively used in the numerical evolution of rotating black holes. They can describe highly distorted black holes, not necessarily near equilibrium. We also prove the inequality on extreme throat initial data, extending previous results.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. We improved the hypothesis of the main theorem
Application of a multi-site mean-field theory to the disordered Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Pisarski, P.
name: Jones, R. M.
name: Gooding, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-site formulation of mean-field theory applied to the disordered Bose-Hubbard model. In this approach the lattice is partitioned into clusters, each isolated cluster being treated exactly, with inter-cluster hopping being treated approximately. The theory allows for the possibility of a different superfluid order parameter at every site in the lattice, such as what has been used in previously published site-decoupled mean-field theories, but a multi-site formulation also allows for the inclusion of spatial correlations allowing us, e.g., to calculate the correlation length (over the length scale of each cluster). We present our numerical results for a two-dimensional system. This theory is shown to produce a phase diagram in which the stability of the Mott insulator phase is larger than that predicted by site-decoupled single-site mean-field theory. Two different methods are given for the identification of the Bose glass-to-superfluid transition, one an approximation based on the behaviour of the condensate fraction, and one of which relies on obtaining the spatial variation of the order parameter correlation. The relation of our results to a recent proposal that both transitions are non self-averaging is discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Identification and assessment of intermediate exploitable results
Creators: name: Fonrodona, Marta
name: Neddermann, Bernd
name: Domínguez-García, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Floating Wind
Exploitable REsults
innovation

description: This document upgrades, summarizes and deals with the management of the exploitable results for
 the COREWIND project. This activity will gain precision and become sharper as developments will
 progress, therefore getting closer to the result exploitation. It will use the identified results from D7.3
 (M18) as a starting point, also taking the inputs from the last 9 months (M27) of development in the
 COREWIND project.
Additional file 1 of Estimating the frequency of causal genetic variants in foetuses with congenital heart defects: a Chinese cohort study
Creators: name: Lu, Fengying
name: Xue, Peng
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Wang, Jing
name: Yu, Bin
name: Liu, Jianbin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary table 1. The specific primer sequences of Sanger sequencing.
Evidence of V-band polarimetric separation of carbon stars at high Galactic latitude
Creators: name: Goswami, Aruna
name: Kartha, Sreeja S.
name: Sen, Asoke K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization is an important indicator of stellar evolution, especially for stars evolving from red-giant stage to planetary nebulae. However, not much is known about the polarimetric properties of the carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, although they have been well studied in terms of photometric as well as low- and high-resolution spectroscopy. We report here first-ever estimates of V-band polarimetry of a group of CEMP stars. V-band polarimetry was planned as the V-band is known to show maximum polarization among BVRI polarimetry for any scattering of light caused due to dust. Based on these estimates the program stars show a distinct classification into two: one with p% < 0.4 and the other with p% > 1. Stars with circumstellar material exhibit a certain amount of polarization that may be caused by scattering of starlight due to circumstellar dust distribution into non-spherically symmetric envelopes. The degree of polarization increases with asymmetries present in the geometry of the circumstellar dust distribution. Our results reflect upon these properties. While the sample size is relatively small, the polarimetric separation of the two groups (p% < 0.4 and p% > 1) is very distinct; this finding, therefore, opens up an avenue of exploration with regard to CEMP stars.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Lemon: an MPI parallel I/O library for data encapsulation using LIME
Creators: name: Deuzeman, Albert
name: Reker, Siebren
name: Urbach, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce Lemon, an MPI parallel I/O library that is intended to allow for efficient parallel I/O of both binary and metadata on massively parallel architectures. Motivated by the demands of the Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics community, the data is stored in the SciDAC Lattice QCD Interchange Message Encapsulation format. This format allows for storing large blocks of binary data and corresponding metadata in the same file. Even if designed for LQCD needs, this format might be useful for any application with this type of data profile. The design, implementation and application of Lemon are described. We conclude with presenting the excellent scaling properties of Lemon on state of the art high performance computers.
The gradient of potential vorticity, quaternions and an orthonormal frame for fluid particles
Creators: name: Gibbon, J. D.
name: Holm, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gradient of potential vorticity (PV) is an important quantity because of the way PV (denoted as $q$) tends to accumulate locally in the oceans and atmospheres. Recent analysis by the authors has shown that the vector quantity $\bdB = \bnabla q\times \bnablaθ$ for the three-dimensional incompressible rotating Euler equations evolves according to the same stretching equation as for $\bom$ the vorticity and $\bB$, the magnetic field in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The $\bdB$-vector therefore acts like the vorticity $\bom$ in Euler's equations and the $\bB$-field in MHD. For example, it allows various analogies, such as stretching dynamics, helicity, superhelicity and cross helicity. In addition, using quaternionic analysis, the dynamics of the $\bdB$-vector naturally allow the construction of an orthonormal frame attached to fluid particles\,; this is designated as a quaternion frame. The alignment dynamics of this frame are particularly relevant to the three-axis rotations that particles undergo as they traverse regions of a flow when the PV gradient $\bnabla q$ is large.
description: Dedicated to Raymond Hide on the occasion of his 80th birthday
title: Cheiloscopy Examination and Classification of Lip Prints With and Without Parafunctional Oral Habits: A Cross-Sectional Observation Study
Creators: name: Regan, Emily Smith
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: Problem: Lip prints are unique and have potential for use as a human identifier. The purpose of this study was to observe possible cheiloscopy differences of individuals with and without parafunctional oral habits. Additionally, inter-rater reliability (IRR) of lip print examiners was observed. Methods: This IRB approved blinded cross-sectional observational study collected lip prints from sixty-six individuals using lipstick and adhesive tape to transfer lip prints to white bond paper for viewing purposes. Each set of included lip prints was divided into quadrants and dichotomized as those with or without an oral parafunctional habit. Each quadrant sample was manually analyzed and classified according to the gold standard Suzuki and Tsuchihashi system. Two groups of examiners were provided with 50 of the lip print samples and asked to classify the middle portion of the lower lip. One group of examiners received a 15-minute training and practice session while the other did not. Results: A total of 252 dichotomized lip print quadrants (with habits n=76, 30.2%, and without habits n=176, 69.8%) were analyzed. Type II patterns were the most common for examined quadrant samples; however, no statistically significant differences (Pearson’s chi-squared test, p=0.366) were observed between pattern classifications of samples with and without parafunctional oral habits. For the IRR test, a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<.05), where the experimental group had higher levels of rater agreement; however, levels of agreement for both groups were found to be at the fair level. Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference of lip print patterns between individuals with and without parafunctional oral habits. The IRR results indicate low levels of agreement among raters, even following training and practice. Further research on populational variations and examiner training is needed for cheiloscopy to aid in human identifications.
The Everett-Wheeler interpretation and the open future
Creators: name: Sudbery, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the meaning of probability in the Everett-Wheeler interpretation of quantum mechanics, together with the problem of defining histories. To resolve these, I propose an understanding of probability arising from a form of temporal logic: the probability of a future-tense proposition is identified with its truth value in a many-valued and context-dependent logic. In short, probability is degree of truth. These ideas appear to be new (though I expect correction on this), but they are natural and intuitive, and relate to traditional naive ideas of time and chance. Indeed, I argue that Everettian quantum mechanics is the only form of scientific theory that truly incorporates the perception that the future is open.
description: 11 pages
A Hierarchical Max-Infinitely Divisible Spatial Model for Extreme Precipitation
Creators: name: Bopp, Gregory P.
name: Shaby, Benjamin A.
name: Huser, Raphaël
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Understanding the spatial extent of extreme precipitation is necessary for determining flood risk and adequately designing infrastructure (e.g., stormwater pipes) to withstand such hazards. While environmental phenomena typically exhibit weakening spatial dependence at increasingly extreme levels, limiting max-stable process models for block maxima have a rigid dependence structure that does not capture this type of behavior. We propose a flexible Bayesian model from a broader family of (conditionally) max-infinitely divisible processes that allows for weakening spatial dependence at increasingly extreme levels, and due to a hierarchical representation of the likelihood in terms of random effects, our inference approach scales to large datasets. Therefore, our model not only has a flexible dependence structure, but it also allows for fast, fully Bayesian inference, prediction and conditional simulation in high dimensions. The proposed model is constructed using flexible random basis functions that are estimated from the data, allowing for straightforward inspection of the predominant spatial patterns of extremes. In addition, the described process possesses (conditional) max-stability as a special case, making inference on the tail dependence class possible. We apply our model to extreme precipitation in North-Eastern America, and show that the proposed model adequately captures the extremal behavior of the data. Interestingly, we find that the principal modes of spatial variation estimated from our model resemble observed patterns in extreme precipitation events occurring along the coast (e.g., with localized tropical cyclones and convective storms) and mountain range borders. Our model, which can easily be adapted to other types of environmental datasets, is therefore useful to identify extreme weather patterns and regions at risk.
Measurements of |Vus| and Searches for Violation of Lepton Universality and CPT in Tau Decays at BaBar
Creators: name: Lusiani, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data collected with the BaBar detector at PEP-II at SLAC, we report on several tau lepton measurements that are used to determine the modulus of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element Vus, and to check the Standard Model predictions of lepton universality and CPT conservation.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the 2010 ICHEP meeting, 6 pages, 1 figure
Wind-shearing in gaseous protoplanetary disks and the evolution of binary planetesimals
Creators: name: Perets, Hagai B.
name: Murray-Clay, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the first stages of planet formation is the growth of small planetesimals. This early stage occurs much before the dispersal of most of the gas from the protoplanetary disk. Due to their different aerodynamic properties, planetesimals of different sizes and shapes experience different drag forces from the gas during this time. Such differential forces produce a wind-shearing (WISH) effect between close by, different size planetesimals. For any two planetesimals, a WISH radius can be considered, at which the differential acceleration due to the wind becomes greater than the mutual gravitational pull between the planetesimals. We find that the WISH radius could be much smaller than the Hill radius, i.e. WISH could play a more important role than tidal perturbations by the star. Here we study the WISH radii for planetesimal pairs of different sizes and compare the effects of wind and gravitational shearing (drag force vs. gravitational tidal force). We then discuss the role of WISH for the stability and survival of binary planetesimals. Binaries are sheared apart by the wind if they are wider than their WISH radius. WISH-stable binaries can inspiral and possibly coalesce due to gas drag. Here, we calculate the WISH radius and the gas drag-induced merger timescale, providing stability and survival criteria for gas-embedded binary planetesimals. Our results suggest that even WISH-stable binaries may merge in times shorter than the lifetime of the gaseous disk. This may constrain currently observed binary planetesimals to have formed far from the star or at a late stage after the dispersal of most of the disk gas. We note that the WISH radius may also be important for other processes such as planetesimal erosion and planetesimal encounters and collisions in a gaseous environment.
description: ApJ, in press
Linking cellular metabolism and Innate Defence Regulator peptide function
Creators: name: Afacan, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Appropriate cellular metabolism is essential to immune cells to survival and their ability to mount effective and appropriate responses to the pathogen and host derived insults they encounter. Malnutrition, caused by nutrient deficiency or excess, can result in significant dysregulation of immune cell activity. Immune cells undergo metabolic reprogramming in response to pathogen and host-derived signals found in their environment. These changes modulate the type of response they will mount. Innate defence regulatory (IDR) peptides, synthetic derivatives of host defence peptides, were developed as anti-infectives that modulate host immune system responses however, much of the mechanisms behind their activity are unknown. In this study, IDR-1018 was shown to modulate glycolytic activity in macrophages, which appeared to be important to its immunomodulatory activity. Activation of the ERK signalling pathway, a major regulator of metabolism and inflammatory responses, by IDR-1018 was found to be a possible mechanism by which IDR-1018 induced both glycolysis and chemokine production. Inhibition of glycolysis using 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) suppressed IDR-1018 induced chemokine production. However, 2DG also suppressed IDR-1018 activity through induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR), specifically the anti-inflammatory PERK arm of the UPR. The anti-endotoxin activity of IDR-1018 was also found to be associated with modulation of glycolysis. IDR-1018 suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chemokine and cytokine production, possibly through inhibition of LPS-induced glycolysis. Interestingly, dysregulation of both glycolysis and the UPR by 2DG enhanced the anti-endotoxin activity of IDR-1018, suppressing LPS-induced chemokine and cytokine production. Finally, this study identified a potential new activity for IDRs, the modulation of metabolic pathways dysregulated in response to nutrient excess. Specifically, this study showed that IDR-1018 enhanced HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages and smooth muscle cells, two important cellular mediators of atherosclerosis. This may have been a result of IDR-1018 interacting with HDL particles found in serum, facilitating their binding to the plasma membrane of cells. The results presented in this study demonstrated that IDR peptides are potent modulators of both immune cell function and cellular metabolism as well as identified a novel mechanism by which IDR peptides exert their immunomodulatory activity.
Quantum coherence in ion channels: Resonances, Transport and Verification
Creators: name: Vaziri, A.
name: Plenio, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was demonstrated that long-lived quantum coherence exists during excitation energy transport in photosynthesis. It is a valid question up to which length, time and mass scales quantum coherence may extend, how to one may detect this coherence and what if any role it plays for the dynamics of the system. Here we suggest that the selectivity filter of ion channels may exhibit quantum coherence which might be relevant for the process of ion selectivity and conduction. We show that quantum resonances could provide an alternative approch to ultrafast 2D spectroscopy to probe these quantum coherences. We demonstrate that the emergence of resonances in the conduction of ion channels that are modulated periodicallly by time dependent external electric fields can serve as signitures of quantum coherence in such a system. Assessments of experimental feasibility and specific paths towards the experimental realization of such experiments are presented. We show that this may be probed by direct 2-D spectroscopy or through the emergence of resonances in the conduction of ion channels that are modulated periodically by time dependent external electric fields.
description: Under review for New Jorunal of Physics
From Loops to Surfaces
Creators: name: Neuberger, H.
name: Narayanan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generating function for all antisymmetric characters of a Wilson loop matrix in SU(N) Yang Mills theory is the partition function of a fermion living on the curve describing the loop. This generalizes to fermion subsystems living on higher dimensional submanifolds, for example, surfaces. This write-up also contains some extra background, in response to some questions raised during the oral presentation.
description: 6 pages, talk given at the XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2010), June 14-19 2010, Villasimius, Italy
Identification and assessment of final exploitable results
Creators: name: Fonrodona, Marta
name: Neddermann, Bernd
name: Domínguez-García, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Floating Wind
Exploitable REsults
innovation

description: This document upgrades, summarizes and deals with the management of the exploitable results for the COREWIND project. As the final deliverable of task T7.2 , D7.5 uses the updated results identified and developed in D7.3 and D7.4 as a starting point, also taking the inputs from the last 9 months (M27-M36) of development in the COREWIND project.
Event-by-Event Jet Quenching and Higher Fourier Moments of Hard Probes
Creators: name: Fries, Rainer J.
name: Rodriguez, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of event-by-event fluctuations of the fireball created in high energy nuclear collisions on hard probe observables. We show that spatial inhomogeneities lead to changes in the nuclear suppression factor of high momentum hadrons which can be absorbed in the quenching strength q. This can increase the theoretical uncertainty on extracted values of q by up to 50%. We also investigate effects on azimuthal asymmetries v2 and dihadron correlation functions. The latter show a promising residual signal of event-by-event quenching that might allow us to estimate the size of spatial inhomogeneities in the fireball from experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; talk given at Hard Probes 2010
Practical Methods for Fuzzing Real-World Systems
Creators: name: Srivastava, Prashast
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Software and application security

description: The current software ecosystem is exceptionally complex. A key defining feature of this complexity is the vast input space that software applications must process. This feature inhibits fuzzing (an effective automated testing methodology) in uncovering deep bugs (i.e., bugs with complex preconditions). We improve the bug-finding capabilities of fuzzers by reducing the input space that they have to explore. Our techniques incorporate domain knowledge from the software under test. In this dissertation, we research how to incorporate domain knowledge in different scenarios across a variety of software domains and test objectives to perform deep bug discovery. We start by focusing on language interpreters that form the backend of our web ecosystem. Uncovering deep bugs in these interpreters requires synthesizing inputs that perform a diverse set of semantic actions. To tackle this issue, we present Gramatron, a fuzzer that employs grammar automatons to speed up bug discovery. Then, we explore firmwares belonging to the rapidly growing IoT ecosystem which generally lack thorough testing. FirmFuzz infers the appropriate runtime state required to trigger vulnerabilities in these firmwares using the domain knowledge encoded in the user-facing network applications. Additionally, we showcase how our proposed strategy to incorporate domain knowledge is beneficial under alternative testing scenarios where a developer analyzes specific code locations, e.g., for patch testing. SieveFuzz leverages knowledge of targeted code locations to prohibit exploration of code regions and correspondingly parts of the input space that are irrelevant to reaching the target location. Finally, we move beyond the realm of memory-safety vulnerabilities and present how domain knowledge can be useful in uncovering logical bugs, specifically deserialization vulnerabilities in Java-based applications with Crystallizer. Crystallizer uses a hybrid analysis methodology to first infer an over-approximate set of possible payloads through static analysis (to constrain the search space). Then, it uses dynamic analysis to instantiate concrete payloads as a proof-of-concept of a deserialization vulnerability. Throughout these four diverse areas we thoroughly demonstrate how incorporating domain knowledge can massively improve bug finding capabilities. Our research has developed tooling that not only outperforms the existing state-of-the-art in terms of efficient bug discovery (with speeds up to 117% faster), but has also uncovered 18 previously unknown bugs, with five CVEs assigned.