cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Uncertainties of Laboratory Measurements for Energy Rating
Creators: name: Dirnberger, D.
name: Müller, B.
name: Kräling, U.
name: Dittmann, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3294-3301
description: Laboratory measurement of irradiance and temperature behaviour of PV modules are widely used to
predict energy produced by PV modules or systems. The inherent measurement uncertainties have so far not been an
essential part of the discussion. In this contribution, we investigate how the uncertainty of laboratory characterization
propagates to rated energy on an exemplary basis. For three typical modules (c-Si, CdTe, CIS) and three locations, the
irradiance and temperature losses were simulated. The input data used for the simulation were module characteristics as
measured and modified according to the possible influence of measurement uncertainties. Statistical uncertainties as well
as systematic uncorrected offsets were considered. The resulting uncertainty for expected real world losses is dependent
on the location. For irradiance, it is roughly ±1.0 for c-Si, ±1.5% for the CIS module under investigation, and ±2.5% for
CdTe. Uncertainty of temperature losses was ±0.1% for the locations with low temperature and ±0.4% for higher
temperatures for all technologies. The values apply, if measurement uncertainties are minimized. As a consequence of
these results, thorough PV module energy rating or PV system yield prediction is possible only with reliable laboratory
measurements.
Exact Periodic Solutions of Shells Models of Turbulence
Creators: name: Olesen, Poul
name: Jensen, Mogens H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact analytical solutions of the GOY shell model of turbulence. In the absence of forcing and viscosity we obtain closed form solutions in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions. With three shells the model is integrable. In the case of many shells, we derive exact recursion relations for the amplitudes of the Jacobi functions relating the different shells and we obtain a Kolmogorov solution in the limit of infinitely many shells. For the special case of six and nine shells, these recursions relations are solved giving specific analytic solutions. Some of these solutions are stable whereas others are unstable. All our predictions are substantiated by numerical simulations of the GOY shell model. From these simulations we also identify cases where the models exhibits transitions to chaotic states lying on strange attractors or ergodic energy surfaces.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
BULLYING AND VICTIMIZATION OF CHILDREN WITH COMMUNICATION DISORDER IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF PORTHARCOURT LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA RIVERS STATE
Creators: name: Obinachi Wori PhD,, Ezevunwo
name: Egbuchu, Samuel Aleruchi  Ph.D
name: Enock, Bestman
Publisher: name: ZAP Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bullying
victimization of children with communication disorder in public primary schools

description: This study investigated bullying and victimization of children with communication disorder in public primary schools in Port Harcourt Local Government Area of Rivers State. The study was guided by four objectives, four research questions and four hypotheses. A descriptive survey design was used to carry out the study. The population of this study consisted of 15,165 pupils from forty-one (41) public primary schools in the study area. The sample of the study consists of 186 pupils selected from ten (10) public primary schools, through a purposive sampling technique. A researcher designed questionnaire tagged; Communication Disorder Bullying Victims Questionnaire (CDBVQ) was used for the data collection for the study. Frequency, percentage and mean statistics were used to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested using chi-square at 0.05 level of significance. Findings from this study showed that the extent of the prevalence of bullying and victimization among young children with communication disorder in public primary schools is significant, the nature of bullying and victimization among young children with communication disorder in public primary schools is significant, the risk factors of bullying and victimization among young children with communication disorder in public primary schools are significant, there is significant influence of gender on the prevalence of bullying and victimization among children with communication disorder. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended amongst others that schools administrators need to be vigilant in identifying lower levels of bullying and victimization that may still have detrimental effects on children with communication disorder.
Long characteristics vs. short characteristics in 3D radiative transfer simulations of polarized radiation
Creators: name: de Vicente, A.
name: Alemán, T. del Pino
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare maps of scattering polarization signals obtained from three-dimensional (3D) radiation transfer calculations in a magneto-convection model of the solar atmosphere using formal solvers based on the "short characteristics" (SC) and the "long characteristics" (LC) methods. The SC method requires less computational work, but it is known to introduce spatial blurring in the emergent radiation for inclined lines of sight. For polarized radiation this effect is generally more severe due to it being a signed quantity and to the sensitivity of the scattering polarization to the model's inhomogeneities. We study the differences in the polarization signals of the emergent spectral line radiation calculated with such formal solvers. We take as a case study already published results of the scattering polarization in the Sr I $4607~\unicode{xC5}$ line obtained with the SC method, demonstrating that in high-resolution grids it is accurate enough for that type of study. In general, the LC method is the preferred one for accurate calculations of the emergent radiation, reason why it is now one of the options in the public version of the 3D radiative transfer code PORTA.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 3 of Ethanol extract of mulberry leaves partially restores the composition of intestinal microbiota and strengthens liver glycogen fragility in type 2 diabetic rats
Creators: name: Liu, Zhan-Zhong
name: Liu, Qing-Hua
name: Liu, Zhao
name: Tang, Jia-Wei
name: Chua, Eng-Guan
name: Li, Fen
name: Xiong, Xue-Song
name: Wang, Meng-Meng
name: Wen, Peng-Bo
name: Shi, Xin-Yi
name: Xi, Xiang-Yu
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Wang, Liang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Additional file 3 of CHICKN: extraction of peptide chromatographic elution profiles from large scale mass spectrometry data by means of Wasserstein compressive hierarchical cluster analysis
Creators: name: Permiakova, Olga
name: Guibert, Romain
name: Kraut, Alexandra
name: Fortin, Thomas
name: Hesse, Anne-Marie
name: Burger, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3: Kernel positive (semi-)definiteness. Empirical evidences (Gaussian W1 case) and formal demonstration (Laplacian W1 case) of the P(S)D-ness of the proposed kernels.
Contextual language models for knowledge graph completion
Creators: name: Biswas, Russa
name: Sofronova, Radina
name: Alam, Mehwish
name: Sack, Harald
Publisher: name: CEUR-WS.org
Year: 2021
Subjects: GPT-2
Knowledge Graph Embedding
Triple Classification

description: Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have become the backbone of various machine learning based applications over the past decade. However, the KGs are often incomplete and inconsistent. Several representation learning based approaches have been introduced to complete the missing information in KGs. Besides, Neural Language Models (NLMs) have gained huge momentum in NLP applications. However, exploiting the contextual NLMs to tackle the Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) task is still an open research problem. In this paper, a GPT-2 based KGC model is proposed and is evaluated on two benchmark datasets. The initial results obtained from the fine-tuning of the GPT-2 model for triple classification strengthens the importance of usage of NLMs for KGC. Also, the impact of contextual language models for KGC has been discussed.
Inequivalent quantization in the field of a ferromagnetic wire
Creators: name: Giri, Pulak Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that it is possible to bind neutral atom (NA) to the ferromagnetic wire (FW) by inequivalent quantization of the Hamiltonian. We follow the well known von Neumann's method of self-adjoint extensions (SAE) to get this inequivalent quantization, which is characterized by a parameter Σ\in\mathbb{R}({mod}2π). There exists a single bound state for the coupling constant η^2\in[0,1). Although this bound state should not occur due to the existence of classical scale symmetry in the problem. But since quantization procedure breaks this classical symmetry, bound state comes out as a scale in the problem leading to scaling anomaly. We also discuss the strong coupling region η^2< 0, which supports bound state making the problem re-normalizable.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, revtex4
Optimized Procedures for Representative Samples from PV Module Batches
Creators: name: Jantsch, M.
name: Dirnberger, D.
name: Neuberger, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3214-3218
description: Verifying PV module power by means of laboratory measurements of a sample of modules is a common
quality assurance measure. The sample selection can introduce considerable uncertainty in that process if performed
randomly. The approach of systematic selection is based on available flashlists of producer measurements of
the entire lot (production batch or shipment of PV modules) and avoids the uncertainty inherent in random sampling.
It yields representative samples of very small size and with statistical characteristics which correlate remarkably well
with those of the entire lot. The resulting laboratory measurement results are usable as good estimators of entire lot
properties such as average power. Systematic samples which are representative of the entire lot can even be selected
if only a fraction of the entire lot is available for selection. The full evaluation of laboratory measurement results of
the selected sample is enabled by the existing flashlist of the entire lot. It includes verification of sample validity or
bias and calculation of entire lot estimates, confidence intervals and quantiles below a tolerance threshold.
Quantum Gravity and Recovery of Information in Black Hole Evaporation
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Mehdipour, S. Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP), motivated by current alternatives of quantum gravity, produces significant modifications to the Hawking radiation and the final stage of black hole evaporation. We show that incorporation of the GUP into the quantum tunneling process (based on the null-geodesic method) causes correlations between the tunneling probability of different modes in the black hole radiation spectrum. In this manner, the quantum information becomes encrypted in the Hawking radiation, and information can be recovered as non-thermal GUP correlations between tunneling probabilities of different modes.
description: 7 pages, no figure, final revision
SnapCheck: Automated Testing for Snap Programs
Creators: name: Wang, Wengran
name: Zhang, Chenhao
name: Stahlbauer, Andreas
name: Fraser, Gordon
name: Price, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Programming environments such as Snap, Scratch, and Processing engage learners by allowing them to create programming artifacts such as apps and games, with visual and interactive output. Learning programming with such a media-focused context has been shown to increase retention and success rate. However, assessing these visual, interactive projects requires time and laborious manual effort, and it is therefore difficult to offer automated or real-time feedback to students as they work. In this paper, we introduce SnapCheck, a dynamic testing framework for Snap that enables instructors to author test cases with Condition-Action templates. The goal of SnapCheck is to allow instructors or researchers to author property-based test cases that can automatically assess students' interactive programs with high accuracy. Our evaluation of SnapCheck on 162 code snapshots from a Pong game assignment in an introductory programming course shows that our automated testing framework achieves at least 98% accuracy over all rubric items, showing potentials to use SnapCheck for auto-grading and providing formative feedback to students.
1-Year Performance of Crystalline Technologies on Different Tracking Systems
Creators: name: Belluardo, G.
name: Moser, D.
name: Nikolaeva-Dimitrova, M.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3359-3362
description: Since August 2010 EURAC has been monitoring a 724 kWp multi-technology test field at the Airport
of Bolzano Dolomiti (ABD) in the Italian Alps. The modules are mounted on fixed-tilt racks (30°) as well as on a
single- and a dual-axis tracker. This work presents the results of one-year comparison between different crystalline
PV technologies based on monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si), polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si) and heterojunction with
intrinsic thin-layer (HIT), mounted on single- and dual-axis trackers. The performances are also compared to modules
on 30°-tilted fixed racks, covering the time span between July 2011 and June 2012 (second year of plant operation).
The comparison is carried out in terms of daily profiles of normalized power output, average yearly module
temperature and pseudo performance ratio.
The results show major advantages in using a dual-axis tracker especially during winter, and a better performance of
the HIT modules with respect to the other technologies on almost all the mounting systems.
Iron Concentration in Czochralski Silicon Wafers After Gettering by Screen-Printed Emitters
Creators: name: Pletzer, T.M.
name: Suckow, S.
name: Stegemann, E.F.
name: Windgassen, H.
name: Bätzner, D.L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1204-1207
description: Single-sided solar cell emitters created by phosphorus dopant pastes are an alternative to the
conventional double-sided POCl3 emitters. Thereby, during the emitter formation gettering of impurities such as iron
is essential to improve the solar grade wafer quality. In this paper, we demonstrate single-sided screen-printed
emitters in monocrystalline Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si) wafers with an improved gettering of iron compared to
conventional double-sided POCl3 emitters due to process induced extended gettering time. The phosphorus dopant
pastes used had to be chosen carefully to provide a sufficiently suitable emitter sheet resistance and to avoid any iron
contamination from the phosphorus dopant paste, which is observed in turn. The iron concentration is determined
from the minority carrier lifetime obtained by quasi-steady-state photoconductance measurements, down to very low
levels for solar cell material. In addition, the well-known metastable boron-oxygen complexes in Cz-Si have been
transferred into a stable state by light-induced degradation prior to these measurements. Therefore, this work shows
the correct way how to determine the iron concentration [Fe], when p-type Cz-Si wafers are used.
“SASE” Solar Cell: A Simple and Cost Effective Approach for Selective Emitter Formation
Creators: name: Khandelwal, R.
name: Grimzaite, K.
name: Windgassen, H.
name: Pletzer, T.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1591-1594
description: We present a simple and economical approach involving only a single diffusion and a plasma etching
step to form the Self-Aligned Selective Emitter (SASE) silicon solar cells. Particularly, a plasma etching step is used
to reduce the thickness of homogeneous and heavily doped emitter, reducing doping concentration and thereby,
increasing sheet resistance. In this paper, improved passivation quality of emitter by dry etching has been
investigated. The emitter profiles of dry etched emitter and electrical properties of screen-printed contacts, which
were used as mask during etch-back process have been discussed. Finally, a comparison of SASE solar cell with
reference cell comprised of a standard homogeneous emitter is given. Since, there is no need for alignment in the
selective emitter concept proposed, it appears to be an attractive solution for industrial cell fabrication.
Additional file 1 of Male partner involvement in birth preparedness, complication readiness and obstetric emergencies in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review
Creators: name: Forbes, Faye
name: Wynter, Karen
name: Berihun M. Zeleke
name: Fisher, Jane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Contains a supplementary table documenting the search strategy.
GANmapper: geographical data translation
Creators: name: Wu, Abraham Noah
name: Biljecki, Filip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new method to create spatial data using a generative adversarial network (GAN). Our contribution uses coarse and widely available geospatial data to create maps of less available features at the finer scale in the built environment, bypassing their traditional acquisition techniques (e.g. satellite imagery or land surveying). In the work, we employ land use data and road networks as input to generate building footprints and conduct experiments in 9 cities around the world. The method, which we implement in a tool we release openly, enables the translation of one geospatial dataset to another with high fidelity and morphological accuracy. It may be especially useful in locations missing detailed and high-resolution data and those that are mapped with uncertain or heterogeneous quality, such as much of OpenStreetMap. The quality of the results is influenced by the urban form and scale. In most cases, the experiments suggest promising performance as the method tends to truthfully indicate the locations, amount, and shape of buildings. The work has the potential to support several applications, such as energy, climate, and urban morphology studies in areas previously lacking required data or inpainting geospatial data in regions with incomplete data.
Determination of volume, shape and refractive index of individual blood platelets
Creators: name: Kolesnikova, Irina V.
name: Potapov, Sergei V.
name: Yurkin, Maxim A.
name: Hoekstra, Alfons G.
name: Maltsev, Valeri P.
name: Semyanov, Konstantin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light scattering patterns (LSP) of blood platelets were theoretically and experimentally analyzed. We used spicular spheroids as a model for the platelets with pseudopodia. The discrete dipole approximation was employed to simulate light scattering from an individual spicular spheroid constructed from a homogeneous oblate spheroid and 14 rectilinear parallelepipeds rising from the cell centre. These parallelepipeds have a weak effect on the LSP over the measured angular range. Therefore, a homogeneous oblate spheroid was taken as a simplified optical model for platelets. Using the T-matrix method, we computed the LSP over a range of volumes, aspect ratios and refractive indices. Measured LSPs of individual platelets were compared one by one with the theoretical set and the best fit was taken to characterize the measured platelets, resulting in distributions of volume, aspect ratio and refractive index.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Accurate Opto-Electrical Modeling of Multi-Crystalline Silicon Wafer-Based Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ingenito, A.
name: Isabella, O.
name: Zeman, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1208-1212
description: An accurate opto-electrical modeling of multi-crystalline silicon solar cells is presented. The proposed model aims
at setting a reliable set of parameters, that will be used as starting point in future optimization studies. The trustworthiness of the
model is verified by calibrating (i) optical properties of the heavily doped emitter and of the full-area Al-based back surface field,
(ii) the front surface recombination velocity, and (iii) the effective minority carrier diffusion length. In addition, we modeled the
effect of Al-based back surface field on the back surface recombination velocity.
Characterization of self-heating in cryogenic high electron mobility transistors using Schottky thermometry
Creators: name: Choi, Alexander Y.
name: Esho, Iretomiwa
name: Gabritchidze, Bekari
name: Kooi, Jacob
name: Minnich, Austin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cryogenic low noise amplifiers based on high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are widely used in applications such as radio astronomy, deep space communications, and quantum computing, and the physical mechanisms governing the microwave noise figure are therefore of practical interest. In particular, the contribution of thermal noise from the gate at cryogenic temperatures remains unclear owing to a lack of experimental measurements of thermal resistance under these conditions. Here, we report measurements of gate junction temperature and thermal resistance in a HEMT at cryogenic and room temperatures using a Schottky thermometry method. At temperatures $\sim 20$ K, we observe a nonlinear trend of thermal resistance versus power that is consistent with heat dissipation by phonon radiation. Based on this finding, we consider heat transport by phonon radiation at the low-noise bias and liquid helium temperatures and estimate that the thermal noise from the gate is several times larger than previously assumed owing to self-heating. We conclude that without improvements in thermal management, self-heating results in a practical lower limit for microwave noise figure of HEMTs at cryogenic temperatures.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Improving Automated Sonar Video Analysis to Notify About Jellyfish Blooms
Creators: name: Gorpincenko, Artjoms
name: French, Geoffrey
name: Knight, Peter
name: Challiss, Mike
name: Mackiewicz, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human enterprise often suffers from direct negative effects caused by jellyfish blooms. The investigation of a prior jellyfish monitoring system showed that it was unable to reliably perform in a cross validation setting, i.e. in new underwater environments. In this paper, a number of enhancements are proposed to the part of the system that is responsible for object classification. First, the training set is augmented by adding synthetic data, making the deep learning classifier able to generalise better. Then, the framework is enhanced by employing a new second stage model, which analyzes the outputs of the first network to make the final prediction. Finally, weighted loss and confidence threshold are added to balance out true and false positives. With all the upgrades in place, the system can correctly classify 30.16% (comparing to the initial 11.52%) of all spotted jellyfish, keep the amount of false positives as low as 0.91% (comparing to the initial 2.26%) and operate in real-time within the computational constraints of an autonomous embedded platform.
Do N-planet systems have a boundary between chaotic and regular motions?
Creators: name: Zhou, Ji-Lin
name: Sun, Yi-Sui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary systems consisting of one star and n planets with equal planet masses μand scaled orbital separation are referred as EMS systems. They represent an ideal model for planetary systems during the post-oligarchic evolution. Through the calculation of Lyapunov exponents, we study the boundary between chaotic and regular regions of EMS systems. We find that for n > 2, there does not exist a transition region in the initial separation space, whereas for n=2, a clear borderline occurs with relative separation ~ μ^{2/7} due to overlap of resonances (Wisdom, 1980). This phenomenon is caused by the slow diffusion of velocity dispersion (~ t^{1/2}, t is the time) in planetary systems with n >2, which leads to chaotic motions at the time of roughly two orders of magnitude before the orbital crossing occurs. This result does not conflict with the existence of transition boundary in the full phase space of N-body systems.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in "Peoceedings of the International Conference on Frontiers in Nonlinear and Complex Systems as a Special issue in the International Jorunal of Modern Physics B (IJMPB) Vol.21 "
Wightman function and scalar Casimir densities for a wedge with two cylindrical boundaries
Creators: name: Saharian, A. A.
name: Tarloyan, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wightman function, the vacuum expectation values of the field square and the energy-momentum tensor are investigated for a massive scalar field with general curvature coupling parameter inside a wedge with two coaxial cylindrical boundaries. It is assumed that the field obeys Dirichlet boundary condition on bounding surfaces. The application of a variant of the generalized Abel-Plana formula enables to extract from the expectation values the contribution corresponding to the geometry of a wedge with a single shell and to present the interference part in terms of exponentially convergent integrals. The local properties of the vacuum are investigated in various asymptotic regions of the parameters. The vacuum forces acting on the boundaries are presented as the sum of self-action and interaction terms. It is shown that the interaction forces between the separate parts of the boundary are always attractive. The generalization to the case of a scalar field with Neumann boundary condition is discussed.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Simulating instrumental systematics of Cosmic Microwave Background experiments with s4cmb
Creators: name: Fabbian, Giulio
name: Peloton, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies is one of the key probes of physical cosmology. The weak nature of this signal has driven the construction of increasingly complex and sensitive experiments observing the sky at multiple frequencies with thousands of polarization sensitive detectors. Given the high sensitivity of such experiments, instrumental systematic effects can become the limiting factor towards the full scientific exploitation of their data. In this paper we present s4cmb (Systematics for CMB), a Python package designed to simulate raw data streams in time domain of modern CMB experiments based on bolometric technology, and to inject in these realistic instrumental systematics effects. The aim of the package is to help assessing the contamination due to instrumental systematic effects on real data, to guide the design of future instruments, as well as to increase the realism of simulated data sets required in the development of accurate data analysis methods.
description: Published in JOSS. Code available at https://github.com/JulienPeloton/s4cmb and bootcamp available at https://github.com/JulienPeloton/s4cmb-resources
A spectral solver for evolution problems with spatial S3-topology
Creators: name: Beyer, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a single patch collocation method in order to compute solutions of initial value problems of partial differential equations whose spatial domains are 3-spheres. Besides the main ideas, we discuss issues related to our implementation and analyze numerical test applications. Our main interest lies in cosmological solutions of Einstein's field equations. Motivated by this, we also elaborate on problems of our approach for general tensorial evolution equations when certain symmetries are assumed. We restrict to U(1)- and Gowdy symmetry here.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures, uses psfrag and hyperref, large parts rewritten in order to match to the requirements of the journal, conclusions unchanged; J. Comput. Phys. (2009)
Modeling of Multicrystalline Si Solar Cells Based on Lifetime Distributions
Creators: name: Wagner, H.
name: Müller, M.
name: Fischer, G.
name: Altermatt, P.P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1213-1216
description: We present a numerical simulation model for multicrystalline Si (mc-Si) solar cells, which predicts cell
behavior from lifetime mappings of mc-Si wafers to a precision of about 3 mV in open-circuit voltage, Voc. From a
scientific point of view, the model allows us to answer commonly discussed questions such as: which is a suitable
method for averaging lifetimes in the quality control of mc-Si wafers, or the role of lower lifetimes in mc-Si cell
performance. It is shown that mathematical averaging procedures of wafer lifetime mappings can predict cell’s Voc
performance only within a rather broad range (30 mV for the arithmetic mean value, 7 mV for the geometric and 4
mV for the harmonic mean value). From an industrial point of view, the simulation model enables cell manufacturers
to predict cell behavior from lifetime images of mc-Si wafers and hence help in deciding on improvement strategies.
Additional file 2 of Plasmodium falciparum outbreak in native communities of Condorcanqui, Amazonas, Perú
Creators: name: Montenegro, Carla C.
name: T. Pershing Bustamante-Chauca
name: Reyes, Cecilia Pajuelo
name: Bernal, Miguel
name: Lizandro Gonzales
name: Tapia-Limonchi, Rafael
name: Tejedo, Juan R.
name: Chenet, Stella M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Pearson chi-square (χ2) and contingency coefficient for positive malaria cases in Río Santiago.
New Design for Trackless LCPV Modules with Low-Aspect Ratio for Compatibility with Standard Panels
Creators: name: Morichetti, F.
name: Righetti, A.
name: Grasso, G.
name: Ubaldi, M.C.
name: Pietralunga, S.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 142-145
description: We introduce and discuss the design of low-concentrating optics for trackless PV modules, to be coupled to highperformance
silicon cells, to leverage their economical competitiveness. Aiming at high compatibility with standard installation
infrastructures and high energy rating, the leading design rules are the minimization of the aspect ratio of the concentrator and the
maximization of the optical collection efficiency for sunlight, whilst accounting for the daily and yearly evolution in the relative
orientation of the PV module and the sun. A ray-tracing numerical simulator was used for the design. The result is a prismatic 2D
concentrator unit, which features a geometrical gain G = 2 and more than 82% in yearly averaged effective optical performance
ratio, if supposed operated in Southern Europe environment, comprising the contribution given by diffused light. The optimized
aspect ratio of concentrating optics measures ~ 0.27. The prismatic shape of the concentrator can be slightly tuned, to address
different orientation in the installation, without impairing the optical performance. The maximization of the effective optical
performance ratio contributes to lower the Levelized Cost of Electricity for this solution, what supports the market sustainability
of the present approach to trackless LCPV.
Molecular gas in a gravitationally lensed galaxy group at $z = 2.9$
Creators: name: Shen, Jeff
name: Man, Allison W. S.
name: Zabl, Johannes
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
name: Stockmann, Mikkel
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Richard, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most molecular gas studies of $z > 2.5$ galaxies are of intrinsically bright objects, despite the galaxy population being primarily "normal" galaxies with less extreme star formation rates. Observations of normal galaxies at high redshift provide a more representative view of galaxy evolution and star formation, but such observations are challenging to obtain. In this work, we present ALMA $\rm ^{12}CO(J = 3 \rightarrow 2)$ observations of a sub-millimeter selected galaxy group at $z = 2.9$, resulting in spectroscopic confirmation of seven images from four member galaxies. These galaxies are strongly lensed by the MS 0451.6-0305 foreground cluster at $z = 0.55$, allowing us to probe the molecular gas content on levels of $\rm 10^9-10^{10} \; M_\odot$. Four detected galaxies have molecular gas masses of $\rm (0.2-13.1) \times 10^{10} \; M_\odot$, and the non-detected galaxies have inferred molecular gas masses of $\rm < 8.0 \times 10^{10} \; M_\odot$. We compare these new data to a compilation of 546 galaxies up to $z = 5.3$, and find that depletion times decrease with increasing redshift. We then compare the depletion times of galaxies in overdense environments to the field scaling relation from the literature, and find that the depletion time evolution is steeper for galaxies in overdense environments than for those in the field. More molecular gas measurements of normal galaxies in overdense environments at higher redshifts ($z > 2.5$) are needed to verify the environmental dependence of star formation and gas depletion.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Spontaneous Charging and Crystallization of Water Droplets in Oil
Creators: name: de Graaf, Joost
name: Zwanikken, Jos
name: Bier, Markus
name: Baarsma, Arjen
name: Oloumi, Yasha
name: Spelt, Mischa
name: van Roij, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spontaneous charging and the crystallization of spherical micron-sized water-droplets dispersed in oil by numerically solving, within a Poisson-Boltzmann theory in the geometry of a spherical cell, for the density profiles of the cations and anions in the system. We take into account screening, ionic Born self-energy differences between oil and water, and partitioning of ions over the two media. We find that the surface charge density of the droplet as induced by the ion partitioning is significantly affected by the droplet curvature and by the finite density of the droplets. We also find that the salt concentration and the dielectric constant regime in which crystallization of the water droplets is predicted is enhanced substantially compared to results based on the planar oil-water interface, thereby improving quantitative agreement with recent experiments.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted for publication
An Analysis of Economical Competitiveness of Trackless LCPV Modules
Creators: name: Grasso, G.
name: Morichetti, F.
name: Righetti, A.
name: Pietralunga, S.M.
name: Ubaldi, M.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Markets

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4496-4499
description: The economical sustainability and competitiveness of trackless stationary low concentration photovoltaic (LCPV)
modules employing Silicon cells is discussed, as proceeding from detailed expressions for the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCoE).
The model here introduced accounts for the performance of concentrating optics in terms of a newly defined yearly averaged effective
optical performance ratio, Pro,eff. By comparing the LCoEs of standard and LCPV modules, threshold conditions for Pro,eff and for the
cost of concentrating optics can be mapped, in dependence on the geometrical concentration, on the cell efficiency and on other
sensitive design parameters. In view of competitiveness on the energy market, elevated Pro,eff has more economical relevance than
either high geometrical gain or reduced cost of the optics. Results highlight that stationary LCPV is a viable approach to leverage the
exploitation of high-efficiency Si cells on the PV market. We consider this to be a promising evolution strategy for Silicon-based PV
modules.
Surface Texturing and Nano Structure Formation on Silicon Using Pure Hydrogen Radical Etching Reaction
Creators: name: Nagayoshi, H.
name: Diplas, S.
name: Walmsley, J.C.
name: Andersen, N.
name: Karlsson, A.
name: Graff, J.S.
name: Ulyashin, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 393-396
description: We propose a simple method of silicon surface texturing/nano-structure growth using pure hydrogen
with metal catalyst. This method, which does not need a filament current to generate hydrogen radicals like
conventional hot filament methods, is quite simple and suitable for large area processing. A refractory metal was used
as a catalyst for the hydrogen molecular cracking. Surface morphology of resultant samples were strongly depended
on the reaction pressure and temperature. Texture structures and very fine silicon nanostructures can be obtained by
controlling the process conditions. TEM results suggested that no dislocation or defects were created on the silicon
surface by this process. A growth model of silicon whiskers and texturing mechanism are discussed based on the
SEM results. It is concluded that the proposed method based on a modification of Si surfaces only by hydrogen
radicals can be considered as a “green” technology, which can be used for the cost effective fabrication of Si based
solar cells.
Additional file 2 of Ethanol extract of mulberry leaves partially restores the composition of intestinal microbiota and strengthens liver glycogen fragility in type 2 diabetic rats
Creators: name: Liu, Zhan-Zhong
name: Liu, Qing-Hua
name: Liu, Zhao
name: Tang, Jia-Wei
name: Chua, Eng-Guan
name: Li, Fen
name: Xiong, Xue-Song
name: Wang, Meng-Meng
name: Wen, Peng-Bo
name: Shi, Xin-Yi
name: Xi, Xiang-Yu
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Wang, Liang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Diagnostics of Degradation of Thin Films PV Modules During 3.85 Years of Outdoor Exposure
Creators: name: Merten, J.
name: Sicot, L.
name: Delesse, Y.
name: Martin, J.-L.
name: Mezzasalma, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3219-3224
description: The lifetime energy production of photovoltaic modules depends on their aging behaviour. Aim of the subproject 5 of the EU-PERFORMANCE project is the identification and modelling of long term aging mechanisms. For this purpose, eight different PV module technologies are exposed outdoors at the Solar Outdoor Measurement Platform in Cadarache (South of France) since August 2008.
This paper shows the power variations of four PV technologies over 3.85 years (p-Si: -1.1%, CIGS: -7.5%, a-Si: -9.6% and CdTe: -10%) and describes how to link the observed power variations and the ones of the equivalent circuit parameters determined with the Variable Illumination Measurements (VIM). VIM is a simple tool revealing rich information about PV modules. This allowed for a clear separation of the aging of technological key issues determining the performance of the modules: the rectifying capacity, the second diode, the contact resistance, and ohmic leakage currents.
The CdTe module shows a degradation of the junction diode parameters indicating an ageing of the active material itself, and a heavy increase of leakage currents. The a-Si module has a problem with the contacts resulting in a high and unstable series resistance. This module and the CIGS module present an initial degradation of the second diode meaning an increase of the leakage currents. The parameters of the p-Si module are almost stable.
Physiological responses of Acartia and Eurytemora spp. to changes in the nitrogen:phosphorus quality of their food
Creators: name: Bentley, Katherine Marie
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological oceanography
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental science
subject: Acartia tonsa
subject: Eurytemora carolleeae
subject: fecundity
subject: food quality
subject: nitrogen
subject: phosphorus

description: This study addressed how copepods respond to varying nutrient content in their prey. Copepod physiological responses were measured along a gradient of prey nitrogen:phosphorus (N:P) ratios created by altering the P content in diatom prey grown at a constant rate. Acartia tonsa, a broadcast spawner, and Eurytemora carolleeae, a brood spawner, increased excretion of P as prey N:P declined (i.e. P increased). E. carolleeae had higher somatic tissue nutrient content, while A. tonsa had higher egg nutrient content overall and higher P in eggs as N:P decreased. E. carolleeae egg production was greatest when eating high N:P prey while A. tonsa showed the opposite. Egg viability declined at high N:P for both copepods, yet A. tonsa viability was always greater than E. carolleeae viability. Both copepods responded physiologically to food of varying quality, yet regulated their homeostasis differently. Prey nutrient content may be significant in the environmental selection of different copepods.
EDITS: Modeling and Mitigating Data Bias for Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Dong, Yushun
name: Liu, Ninghao
name: Jalaian, Brian
name: Li, Jundong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown superior performance in analyzing attributed networks in various web-based applications such as social recommendation and web search. Nevertheless, in high-stake decision-making scenarios such as online fraud detection, there is an increasing societal concern that GNNs could make discriminatory decisions towards certain demographic groups. Despite recent explorations on fair GNNs, these works are tailored for a specific GNN model. However, myriads of GNN variants have been proposed for different applications, and it is costly to fine-tune existing debiasing algorithms for each specific GNN architecture. Different from existing works that debias GNN models, we aim to debias the input attributed network to achieve fairer GNNs through feeding GNNs with less biased data. Specifically, we propose novel definitions and metrics to measure the bias in an attributed network, which leads to the optimization objective to mitigate bias. We then develop a framework EDITS to mitigate the bias in attributed networks while maintaining the performance of GNNs in downstream tasks. EDITS works in a model-agnostic manner, i.e., it is independent of any specific GNN. Experiments demonstrate the validity of the proposed bias metrics and the superiority of EDITS on both bias mitigation and utility maintenance. Open-source implementation: https://github.com/yushundong/EDITS.
description: Published at The Web Conference 2022 (WWW 2022)
Additional file 1 of Essential elements to “design for dissemination” within a research network—a modified Delphi study of the Community-Academic Aging Research Network (CAARN)
Creators: name: Pinzon, Maria C. Mora
name: Myers, Shannon
name: Renken, Jill
name: Eggert, Erin
name: Chewning, Betty
name: Mahoney, Jane E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Information. This table contains the comments received for those items that were considered not essential according to the results of Table 3.