cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The impact of pair-instability mass loss on the binary black hole mass distribution
Creators: name: Stevenson, Simon
name: Sampson, Matthew
name: Powell, Jade
name: Vigna-Gómez, Alejandro
name: Neijssel, Coenraad J.
name: Szécsi, Dorottya
name: Mandel, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A population of binary black hole mergers has now been observed in gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO and Virgo. The masses of these black holes appear to show evidence for a pile-up between $30$--$45$ $M_\odot$ and a cut-off above $\sim 45$ $M_\odot$. One possible explanation for such a pile-up and subsequent cut-off are pulsational pair-instability supernovae (PPISNe) and pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) in massive stars. We investigate the plausibility of this explanation in the context of isolated massive binaries. We study a population of massive binaries using the rapid population synthesis software COMPAS, incorporating models for PPISNe and PISNe. Our models predict a maximum black hole mass of $40$ $M_\odot$. We expect $\sim 10$\% of all binary black hole mergers at redshift z = 0 will include at least one component that went through a PPISN (with mass $30$--$40$ $M_\odot$), constituting $\sim 20$--$50$\% of binary black hole mergers observed during the first two observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Virgo. Empirical models based on fitting the gravitational-wave mass measurements to a combination of a power law and a Gaussian find a fraction too large to be associated with PPISNe in our models. The rates of PPISNe and PISNe track the low metallicity star formation rate, increasing out to redshift $z = 2$. These predictions may be tested both with future gravitational-wave observations and with observations of superluminous supernovae.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted to ApJ, data available at www.compas.science
Lepidargyrus hafezi Linnavuori & Hosseini 1998
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Lepidargyrus
Lepidargyrus hafezi

description: Lepidargyrus hafezi Linnavuori & Hosseini, 1998
 Material examined. GILAN: Sang Rud – Jirandeh, J (holotype), 6 JJ and ♀♀ (paratypes), 25.vi.1996.
 Comments. In a mountain meadow. Endemic to Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
Gamma-Ray Bursts as a Probe of Cosmology
Creators: name: Lamb, Donald Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, if the long GRBs are produced by the collapse of massive stars, GRBs and their afterglows may provide a powerful probe of cosmology and the early universe.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, to appear in AIP proc. "Gamma-Ray Burst and Afterglow Astronomy 2001" Woods Hole, Massachusetts
Additional file 2 of Development and preliminary validation of a brief nurses’ perceived professional benefit questionnaire (NPPBQ)
Creators: name: Hu, Yanli
name: Hu, Jing
name: Li, Liping
name: Zhao, Bin
name: Liu, Xiaohong
name: Li, Fan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. The English version of the nurses' perceived professional benefit questionnaire (NPPBQ)
Oncotylus (Oncotylus) vitticeps Reuter 1879
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Oncotylus
Oncotylus vitticeps

description: Oncotylus (Oncotylus) vitticeps Reuter, 1879
 Material examined. Many specimens: ARDABIL: Khemes – Kolur, 27.-29.vi.2002; 25 km E of Kivi, 7.-9.vii.2002; Majareh – Khalkhal, 29.vii.1996.
 Comments. On Asteraceae in mountain steppes. Southern Russia, Ukraine, Iran, and Middle Asia.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
The Abundance Distribution in the Extrasolar-Planet Host Star HD19994
Creators: name: Smith, Verne V.
name: Cunha, Katia
name: Lazzaro, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abundances of 22 elements have been determined from a high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectrum of HD19994, a star recently announced as harboring an extrasolar planet. A detailed spectroscopic analysis of this stars finds it to have a mass of 1.2+/-0.1Msun. HD19994 is found to be slightly enriched in "metals" relative to the Sun 9[Fe/H]=+0.09+/-0.05 and an average of all metals of [m/H]=+0.13), as are most stars known with extrasolar planets. In a search for possible signatures of accretion of metal-rich gas onto the parent stars (using HD19994 and published abundances for other stars), it is found that a small subset of stars with planets exhibit a trend of increasing [X/H] with increasing condensation temperature for a given element X. This trend may point to the accretion of chemically fractionated solid material into the outer (thin) convection zones of these solar-type stars. It is also found that this small group of stars exhibiting an accretion signature all have large planets orbiting much closer than is found, in general, for stars with planets not showing this peculiar abundance trend, suggesting a physical link between accretion and orbital separation. In addition, the stars showing evidence of fractionated accretion are, on average, of larger mass (1.2Msun) than stars not showing measurable evidence of accretion (1.0Msun).
description: 19 pages, 4 tables, 13 figures, Astronomical Journal, in press
Additional file 3: of Resources to Guide Exercise Specialists Managing Adults with Diabetes
Creators: name: Turner, Grant
name: Quigg, Scott
name: Davoren, Peter
name: Basile, Renata
name: McAuley, Sybil
name: Coombes, Jeff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Type 2 Diabetes Exercise Action Plan (Lifestyle Controlled or Treated with Diabetes Medications - other than Insulin and/or Sulphonylureas). (PDF 98 kb)
Additional file 11 of Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses provide new insight into the formation of seed size in castor bean
Creators: name: Yu, Anmin
name: Li, Fei
name: Liu, Aizhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 11: Figure S5. The KEGG annotation of genes that were correlated between protein and transcript levels.
$L_\infty$-algebras and the perturbiner expansion
Creators: name: Lopez-Arcos, Cristhiam
name: Vélez, Alexander Quintero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain classical field theories admit a formal multi-particle solution, known as the perturbiner expansion, that serves as a generating function for all the tree-level scattering amplitudes and the Berends-Giele recursion relations they satisfy. In this paper it is argued that the minimal model for the $L_{\infty}$-algebra that governs a classical field theory contains enough information to determine the perturbiner expansion associated to such theory. This gives a prescription for computing the tree-level scattering amplitudes by inserting the perturbiner solution into the homotopy Maurer-Cartan action for the $L_{\infty}$-algebra. We confirm the method in the non-trivial examples of bi-adjoint scalar and Yang-Mills theories.
description: 33 pages, final version
Determining the Gamma-Ray Burst Rate as a Function of Redshift
Creators: name: Weinberg, Nevin
name: Graziani, Carlo
name: Lamb, Donald Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the 14 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with known redshifts $z$ and the 7 GRBs for which there are constraints on $z$ to determine the GRB rate $R_{\rm GRB}(z)$, using a method based on Bayesian inference. We find that, despite the qualitative differences between the observed GRB rate and estimates of the SFR in the universe, current data are consistent with $R_{\rm GRB}(z)$ being proportional to the SFR.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in AIP proc. "Gamma-Ray Burst and Afterglow Astronomy 2001" Woods Hole, Massachusetts
title: Decolonizing Peterloo. Britische Erinnerungskultur und postkoloniale Standortbestimmung in Zeiten des Brexits
Creators: name: Schoenmakers, Christine
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2021

description: Eine Mutter mit Kind. Den Blick gesenkt, hat sie ihre Aufmerksamkeit in diesem Moment ganz auf den kleinen Sohn gerichtet. Fest hält sie ihn im Arm, so als befürchte sie, dass ihr jemand ihr Ein und Alles nehmen könnte. Um sie herum verschwimmt die Welt in Dunkelheit. Es ist eine Szene voller Trauer und Hoffnung zugleich, ein würdevoller Augenblick, der in seiner Intimität fast spirituell anmutet – und das überlebensgroß. Festgehalten hat ihn der haitianisch-spanische Street-Art-Künstler Axel Void (bürgerlich: Alejandro Hugo Dorda Mevs) auf 9 mal 9 Metern Fläche einer Gebäudefassade direkt am River Irwell, der Stadtgrenze zwischen Manchester und Salford in Englands Nordwesten. Sein Werk, sagt der Künstler, sei den einfachen Leuten gewidmet, „those with nothing who gave their everything”. Gemeint seien all jene, denen (staatliches) Unrecht widerfuhr: Mutter und Kind stünden als Symbol für die Zehntausenden, „who came to St Peter’s Field that day”. Worauf sich Void dabei konkret bezieht, wird anhand eines Wortes klar, das er quer über sein Bild geschrieben hat: Peterloo.
Ecotourism Development of Maeyao Sub-district Municipality, Muang District, Chiangrai Province
Creators: name: Phrakhu Baidika Thotsaphon Lakkhasuwanno (Khamsaen)
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ecotourism
Ecotourism Development
Tourism Management

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 1, 6, 12_28
Europiella decolor
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Europiella
Europiella decolor

description: Europiella decolor (Uhler, 1893)
 Material examined. GILAN: Tutkabon – Rudbar, 3 specimens, 26.v.-8.vii.1996, 10.-12.v.2001. ZANJAN: Mamalan, 1 specimen, 4.-6.vi.2002.
 Comments. On Artemisia. Holarctic.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
Gallup Poll # 1963-0676: Russian Nuclear Weapons Testing/1964 Presidential Election
Creators: name: Gallup
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: John F. Kennedy job performance (1); Kennedy administration is pushing racial integration too fast/not fast enough/about right (1); agreement with Russia to have a partial ban on testing of nuclear weapons (3); U.S. should/should not make further agreements with Russia to reduce armaments and armed forces (1); proposed mass civil rights rally to be held in Washington, D.C. on August 28th (2); family incomes (2); unemployment (1); expect prices to go up/go down/remain the same during next six months (1); believe it is possible/impossible to reach a peaceful settlement of differences with Russia (1); respondent does/does not know who certain persons are or what they do (12); whom would like to see nominated as Republican candidate for president in 1964 (2); Barry Goldwater vs. Nelson Rockefeller (1); Milton Eisenhower vs. Barry Goldwater (1); Richard Nixon vs. John Kennedy (2); John Kennedy vs. Milton Eisenhower (2); Barry Goldwater vs. John Kennedy (2); qualifications of presidential candidates (4); think it is a good/poor idea for Congress to establish a youth conservation corps (1); racial integration (2); would/would not vote for a woman for president if she qualified for the job (1); how often respondent goes out at various times of the day and evening (3); which party would like to see win if elections for Congress were being held today (2); 1960 presidential election (1).
Synchrotron self-Compton emission from external shocks as the origin of the sub-TeV emission in GRB 180720B and GRB 190114C
Creators: name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Zhang, Hai-Ming
name: Xi, Shao-Qiang
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, very high-energy photons above 100 GeV were reported to be detected from GRB~190114C and GRB~180720B at, respectively, 100-1000 s and 10 hours after the burst. We model the available broad-band data of both GRBs with the synchrotron plus synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission of the afterglow shocks. We find that the sub-TeV emission of GRB~180720B can be interpreted as the SSC emission from afterglow shocks expanding in a constant density circum-burst medium. The SSC emission of GRB~190114C dominates over the synchrotron component from GeV energies at $\sim100$ s, which can explain the possible hard spectrum of the GeV emission at this time. The extrapolated flux of this SSC component to sub-TeV energies can explain the high-significance detection of GRB~190114C by the MAGIC telescope. The parameter values (such as the circum-burst density and shock microphysical parameters) in the modeling are not unusual for both GRBs, implying that the detection of sub-TeV photons from these two bursts should be attributed to their large burst energies and low redshifts.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ
Analysis of Tweet Form’s effect on users’ engagement on Twitter
Creators: name: Han, Xu
name: Gu, Xingyu
name: Peng, Shuai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This research focuses on the effects on users’ engagement of different tweet forms including text length, text sentiment and the usage of hashtag, mention, video or picture URL. In the first part, we analyze the tweets of five companies from the apparel industry and finds out that there is no universal form that can boost user’s engagement, but in company scale, the effects of different forms between companies are various due to company attributes. Hence, in our second research, we expand the dataset and analyze the formats of tweets from 70 brands focusing on the attribute of the industry section. The conclusion shows that industries such as luxury and hardware technology are more digital sensitive and benefit more using more hashtag and video or picture URL while industry such as software industry is more digital insensitive. The result could provide evidence and guidance for different categories of companies to design tweets with high customer engagements and serve as a reference for enterprises on other media platforms.
Oncotylus (Oncotylus) nigdensis Linnavuori 1961
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Oncotylus
Oncotylus nigdensis

description: Oncotylus (Oncotylus) nigdensis Linnavuori, 1961
 Material examined. GILAN: Abbar, 1 specimen, 12.-14.v.2001.
 Comments. In mountain meadow. Known from Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan. New for Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
Additional file 1: of Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of patients coming from the community with sepsis due to multidrug resistant bacteria
Creators: name: NicolĂ˛ Capsoni
name: Bellone, Pietro
name: Aliberti, Stefano
name: Sotgiu, Giovanni
name: Pavanello, Donatella
name: Visintin, Benedetto
name: Callisto, Elena
name: Saderi, Laura
name: Soldini, Davide
name: Lardera, Luca
name: Monzani, Valter
name: Brambilla, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. Local guidelines for empirical antibiotic therapy in sepsis and septic shock. Table S2. Characteristics of the study sample stratified by MDR bacterial infection. (518). Table S3. Characteristics of the study sample stratified by ESBL+ bacterial infection. (518). (DOCX 54 kb)
El Divertículo de Meckel un Desafío para el Diagnóstico Pertinente
Creators: name: Revista Estudiantil Multidisciplinaria, ReUniversitaria
name: Armenta-Mesura, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110320 Radiology and Organ Imaging
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111208 Radiation Therapy

description: En el presente artículo abordó el tema del divertículo de Meckel, un desafío para un diagnóstico certero preoperatorio: es una malformación congénita no tan común con una incidencia de un 2% de la población; se forma en la etapa embrionaria cuando no se cierra del todo la unión del intestino delgado con el cordón umbilical propiciando la formación de una pequeña bolsa en el intestino delgado que es denominada divertículo de Meckel, suele aparecer más en los hombres. Para hacer referencia a la epidemiologia de este se utiliza una regla de dos. Su diagnóstico en la gran mayoría de los casos suele confundirse con un sinfín de enfermedades u otras patologías, sino que cuando el paciente es operado por ciertas complicaciones o por patologías erróneas, se sabe que es lo que en realidad tiene; por ello es de suma importancia obtener un diagnostico preoperatorio y por ello es necesario establecer los hallazgos que apoyen su detección anticipada a la cirugía; hasta ahora el diagnóstico por imagen mediante la gammagrafía ha sido el procedimiento más acorde para la detección de este. El objetivo de este trabajo será mostrar las diversas formas de presentación de esta afección y examinar si existen hallazgos radiológicos que orienten al dictamen de este divertículo Meckel.
Additional file 3: of Intratumor heterogeneity comparison among different subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer through multi-region tissue and matched ctDNA sequencing
Creators: name: Zhang, Yaxiong
name: Chang, Lianpeng
name: Yang, Yunpeng
name: Fang, Wenfeng
name: Guan, Yanfang
name: Wu, Aiwei
name: Hong, Shaodong
name: Zhou, Huaqiang
name: Chen, Gang
name: Chen, Xi
name: Zhao, Shen
name: Zheng, Qiufan
name: Pan, Hui
name: Zhang, Lanjun
name: Long, Hao
name: Yang, Haoxian
name: Wang, Xin
name: Wen, Zhesheng
name: Wang, Junye
name: Yang, Hong
name: Xia, Xuefeng
name: Zhao, Yuanyuan
name: Hou, Xue
name: Ma, Yuxiang
name: Zhou, Ting
name: Zhang, Zhonghan
name: Zhan, Jianhua
name: Huang, Yan
name: Zhao, Hongyun
name: Zhou, Ningning
name: Yi, Xin
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. The correlations of mutation numbers between panel sequencing and WES in three cohorts. (A) TCGA-LUAD, (B) TCGA-LUSC, (C) Geneplus. Abbreviations: TCGA The Cancer Genome Atlas, LUAD lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC lung squamous cell carcinoma, WES wholeexome sequencing. (PDF 124 kb)
Pseudechinolaena polystachya Stapf
Creators: name: Prunera-Olivé, Joan
name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
name: Williams, Emma V.
name: Mollel, Neduvoto P.
name: Hemp, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Pseudechinolaena
Pseudechinolaena polystachya

description: Pseudechinolaena polystachya (Kunth) Stapf in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 9: 495 (1919).
 Distribution: Tropics & Subtropics
 Specimens: MOSHI Kidia, Hemp, A. 12 (UBT); Kidia, Hemp, A. 2867 (NHT, UBT); Kidia, Hemp, A. 3693 (NHT, UBT); Marangu, Archbold, M.E. 2880 (K); Marangu, Archbold, M.E. 958 (K); Mweka Route, Peterson, P. 24390 (BC, K, US); s. loc., Geilinger, W. 4068 (K); s. loc., Schlieben, H.J. 4936 (NH).
description: Published as part of Prunera-Olivé, Joan, Vorontsova, Maria S., Williams, Emma V., Mollel, Neduvoto P. & Hemp, Andreas, 2021, Checklist of Kilimanjaro grasses shows that both plot and herbarium methods are necessary to record diversity, pp. 201-244 in Phytotaxa 501 (2) on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5424816
Additional file 2: of Resources to Guide Exercise Specialists Managing Adults with Diabetes
Creators: name: Turner, Grant
name: Quigg, Scott
name: Davoren, Peter
name: Basile, Renata
name: McAuley, Sybil
name: Coombes, Jeff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Type 2 Diabetes Exercise Action Plan (on Insulin and/or Sulphonylureas). (PDF 114 kb)
Plagiognathus (Plagiognathus) bipunctatus Reuter 1883
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Plagiognathus
Plagiognathus bipunctatus

description: Plagiognathus (Plagiognathus) bipunctatus Reuter, 1883
 Material examined. Many specimens: GILAN: Deylaman – Barasar, 23.vii.1996; Fowman, 6.v.1995; Ganjeh, 14.v.- 13.vi.1995: Manjil, 26.vi.1996, 8.-10.v.2001; Parudbar, 29.-30.vii.2003; Sang Rud – Jirandeh, 31.v.1995. ARDABIL: Ganjgah, 9.-10.viii.2002; Gareh Ghaslagh, 27.-28.vii.2004; 20-30 km E of Khalkhal, 4.viii.1996; Khalkhal – Kivi, 22.vii.-4.viii.1996; Khemes – Kolur, 27.-29.vi.2002; Majareh – Khalkhal, 22.vii.1996. ZANJAN: Abbar, 12.-13.v.2001; Mamalan, 12.-14.v.2001. MAZANDARAN: Chalus, 18.-17.vii.2002, 12.-13.vii.2003; Hassan Abad, 15.-16.vii.2002.
 Comments. In hilly steppes and meadows. Pontomediterranean.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
Deuterium and Oxygen Toward Feige 110: Results from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) Mission
Creators: name: Friedman, S. D.
name: Howk, J. C.
name: Chayer, P.
name: Tripp, T. M.
name: Hebrard, G.
name: Andre, M.
name: Oliveira, C.
name: Jenkins, E. B.
name: Moos, H. W.
name: Oegerle, W. R.
name: Sonneborn, G.
name: Lamontagne, R.
name: Sembach, K. R.
name: Vidal-Madjar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the column densities of interstellar DI and OI made with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), and of HI made with the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) toward the sdOB star Feige 110 [(l,b) = (74.09, -59.07); d = 179 +265 -67 pc; z = -154 +57 -227 pc]. Our determination of the DI column density made use of curve of growth fitting and profile fitting analyses, while our OI column density determination used only curve of growth techniques. The HI column density was estimated by fitting the damping wings of the interstellar Ly alpha profile. We find log N(DI) = 15.47 +/- 0.06, log N(OI) = 16.73 +/- 0.10, and log N(HI) = 20.14 +0.13 -0.20 (all errors 2 sigma). This implies D/H = (2.14 +/- 0.82) x 10^-5, D/O = (5.50 +1.64 -1.33) x 10^-2, and O/H = (3.89 +/- 1.67) x 10^-4. Taken with the FUSE results reported in companion papers (Moos et al. 2001) and previous measurements of the local interstellar medium, this suggests the possibility of spatial variability in D/H for sight lines exceeding ~100 pc. This result may constrain models which characterize the mixing time and length scales of material in the local interstellar medium.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. Replacement corrects a typo in original submission
Fractional quantum field theory, path integral, and stochastic differential equation for strongly interacting many-particle systems
Creators: name: Kleinert, Hagen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: While free and weakly interacting particles are described by a second- quantized nonlinear Schrödinger field, or relativistic versions of it, the fields of strongly interacting particles are governed by effective actions, whose quadratic terms are extremized by fractional wave equations. Their particle orbits perform universal Lévy walks rather than Gaussian random walks with perturbations.
Analysis of Tweet Form’s Effect on Users’ Engagement on Twitter
Creators: name: Han, Xu
name: Gu, Xingyu
name: Peng, Shuai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Brief Abstract This research focus on the effects on users’ engagement of different tweet forms including text length, text sentiment and the usage of hashtag, mention, video or picture URL. In first part, we analyzes the tweets of five companies from apparel industry, and finds out that there is no universal form that can boost user’s engagement, but in company scale, the effects of difference forms between companies is various due to company attributes. Hence, in our second research, we expand the dataset and analyze the formats of tweets from 70 brands focusing on the attribute of industry section. The conclusion shows that industries such as luxury and hardware technology are more digital sensitive and benefit more using more hashtag and video or picture URL while industry such as software industry is more digital insensitive. The result could provide evidence and guidance for different categories of companies to design tweets with high customer engagements and serve as reference for enterprises on other media platforms.
Optimal detection of sources on a homogeneous and isotropic background
Creators: name: Sanz, J. L.
name: Herranz, D.
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces the use of pseudo-filters that optimize the detection/extraction of sources on a background. We assume as a first approach that such sources are described by a spherical (central) profile and that the background is represented by a homogeneous and isotropic random field. We make an n-dimensional treatment making emphasis in astrophysical applications for spectra, images and volumes, for the cases of exponential and Gaussian source profiles and scale-free power spectra to represent the background.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
The $W γ$ decay of the elusive charged Higgs boson in the two-Higgs-doublet model with vectorlike fermions
Creators: name: Song, Jeonghyeon
name: Yoon, Yeo Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHC search for the charged Higgs boson in the intermediate-mass range ($M_{H^\pm} \sim m_t$) is actively being performed after the next-to-leading order calculation of the total production cross section of $p p \to H^\pm W^\mp b \bar{b}$. In the decay part, only the $τν$ mode is mainly concerned because of the experimental difficulty in the $t b$ mode. In the framework of a two-Higgs-doublet model, we suggest that the $W γ$ channel can be helpful in probing this charged Higgs boson, if introducing vectorlike fermions. In type-I-II model where the SM fermions are assigned in type-I while the vectorlike fermions are in type-II, the branching ratio is greatly enhanced up to $\sim \mathcal{O}(0.01)$ in a large portion of the parameter space allowed by the Higgs precision data, the electroweak oblique parameters, and the direct search bounds at the LHC. Two kinds of production channels, $gg\to H^\pm W^\mp b \bar{b}$ and $g g \to H/A \to H^\pm W^\mp$, are also studied. We find that the signal rate $σ\times \mathcal{B}(W γ)$ is quite sizable, more than 10 fb in some parameter space.
description: The study is extended in the whole intermediate mass range of the charged Higgs boson. 35 pages, 14 figures, To appear in PRD
Additional file 12 of Comparative proteomic and transcriptomic analyses provide new insight into the formation of seed size in castor bean
Creators: name: Yu, Anmin
name: Li, Fei
name: Liu, Aizhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 12: Figure S6. Workflow of identify DAPs/DEGs between large-seed ZB107 and small-seed ZB306.
Pseudobromus africanus Stapf
Creators: name: Prunera-Olivé, Joan
name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
name: Williams, Emma V.
name: Mollel, Neduvoto P.
name: Hemp, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Pseudobromus
Pseudobromus africanus

description: Pseudobromus africanus (Hack.) Stapf in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 7: 763 (1900).
 Distribution: Sudan to S. Africa
 Specimens: MOSHI Bismark Hill, Greenway, P.J. 3894 (K); Kilimanjaro Timbers, Grimshaw, J.M. 93159 (K); Kilimanjaro Timbers, Grimshaw, J.M. 93253 (K); Kirisha, Hemp, A. 1503 (NHT, UBT); Marangu route, Hemp, A. 2083 (NHT, UBT); s. loc., Schlieben, H.J. 4648 (K); Usseri, Haarer, A.E. 1692 (K).
description: Published as part of Prunera-Olivé, Joan, Vorontsova, Maria S., Williams, Emma V., Mollel, Neduvoto P. & Hemp, Andreas, 2021, Checklist of Kilimanjaro grasses shows that both plot and herbarium methods are necessary to record diversity, pp. 201-244 in Phytotaxa 501 (2) on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5424816
The Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (${S}^5$): Overview, Target Selection, Data Reduction, Validation, and Early Science
Creators: name: Li, T. S.
name: Koposov, S. E.
name: Zucker, D. B.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Simpson, J. D.
name: Ji, A. P.
name: Shipp, N.
name: Mao, Y. -Y.
name: Geha, M.
name: Pace, A. B.
name: Mackey, A. D.
name: Allam, S.
name: Tucker, D. L.
name: Da Costa, G. S.
name: Erkal, D.
name: Simon, J. D.
name: Mould, J. R.
name: Martell, S. L.
name: Wan, Z.
name: De Silva, G. M.
name: Bechtol, K.
name: Balbinot, E.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Casey, A. R.
name: Cullinane, L.
name: Drlica-Wagner, A.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Vivas, A. K.
name: Wechsler, R. H.
name: Yanny, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopy Survey (${S}^5$), an on-going program to map the kinematics and chemistry of stellar streams in the Southern Hemisphere. The initial focus of ${S}^5$ has been spectroscopic observations of recently identified streams within the footprint of the Dark Energy Survey (DES), with the eventual goal of surveying streams across the entire southern sky. Stellar streams are composed of material that has been tidally striped from dwarf galaxies and globular clusters and hence are excellent dynamical probes of the gravitational potential of the Milky Way, as well as providing a detailed snapshot of its accretion history. Observing with the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope's 2-degree-Field fibre positioner and AAOmega spectrograph, and combining the precise photometry of DES DR1 with the superb proper motions from $Gaia$ DR2, allows us to conduct an efficient spectroscopic survey to map these stellar streams. So far ${S}^5$ has mapped 9 DES streams and 3 streams outside of DES; the former are the first spectroscopic observations of these recently discovered streams. In addition to the stream survey, we use spare fibres to undertake a Milky Way halo survey and a low-redshift galaxy survey. This paper presents an overview of the ${S}^5$ program, describing the scientific motivation for the survey, target selection, observation strategy, data reduction and survey validation. Finally, we describe early science results on stellar streams and Milky Way halo stars drawn from the survey. Updates on ${S}^5$, including future public data release, can be found at \url{http://s5collab.github.io}.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures (1 in appendix), 3 tables (1 in appendix). Published on MNRAS. See also paper from Shipp et al. 2019, which measures the proper motion of the DES streams
Additional file 1: of Resources to Guide Exercise Specialists Managing Adults with Diabetes
Creators: name: Turner, Grant
name: Quigg, Scott
name: Davoren, Peter
name: Basile, Renata
name: McAuley, Sybil
name: Coombes, Jeff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Action Plan. (PDF 162 kb)
Gallup Poll # 1963-0677: 1964 Presidential Election
Creators: name: Gallup
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: John F. Kennedy job performance (1); Kennedy Administration job performance (1); most important problem facing the country (1); political party best able to handle problems (1); Kennedy Administration and racial integration (1); Kennedy's tax proposal (2); favor/oppose income tax cut (1); should people who cannot read or write be able to vote (1); 1964 presidential election (9); political parties and ideology (2).
Determining the GRB (Redshift, Luminosity)-Distribution Using Burst Variability
Creators: name: Donaghy, Timothy
name: Lamb, Donald Q.
name: Reichart, Daniel E.
name: Graziani, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the possible Cepheid-like luminosity estimator for the long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) developed by Reichart et al. (2000) to estimate the intrinsic luminosity, and thus the redshift, of 907 long-duration GRBs from the BATSE 4B catalog. We describe a method based on Bayesian inference which allows us to infer the intrinsic GRB burst rate as a function of redshift for bursts with estimated intrinsic luminosities and redshifts. We apply this method to the above sample of long-duration GRBs, and present some preliminary results.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in AIP proc. "Gamma-Ray Burst and Afterglow Astronomy 2001" Woods Hole, Massachusetts
Europiella nigrocunealis
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Europiella
Europiella nigrocunealis

description: Europiella nigrocunealis (V. G. Putshkov, 1975)
 Material examined. ARDABIL: 10 km W of Khalkhal, 1 specimen, 8.-9.vii.2002.
 Comments. In a mountain meadow. Known from Caucasus. New for Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
Legal Principles and Mass Communication Ethics Issues in Presenting Entertainment News in the Digital Era
Creators: name: Trirath Pluempitichaikul
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2021
Subjects: Media Ethics
Entertainment News
Digital Age
Media Laws
Defamation
Defamation by Advertising
Criminal Code

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 1, 6, 29_42
Psilolemma jaegeri S. M. Phillips, Kew Bull.
Creators: name: Prunera-Olivé, Joan
name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
name: Williams, Emma V.
name: Mollel, Neduvoto P.
name: Hemp, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Psilolemma
Psilolemma jaegeri

description: Psilolemma jaegeri (Pilg.) S.M.Phillips, Kew Bull. 29: 267 (1974).
 Distribution: EC. & E. Trop. Africa
 Specimens: MOSHI Engare Nairobi, Greenway, P.J. 7821 (K); Hai area, Hemp, A. 1959 (NHT, UBT).
description: Published as part of Prunera-Olivé, Joan, Vorontsova, Maria S., Williams, Emma V., Mollel, Neduvoto P. & Hemp, Andreas, 2021, Checklist of Kilimanjaro grasses shows that both plot and herbarium methods are necessary to record diversity, pp. 201-244 in Phytotaxa 501 (2) on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5424816
title: Machine learning as a tool to understand and predict ankle sprain
Creators: name: Szigeti-Larenne, Jordan
name: Mazur, Mykola
name: Petrella, Anthony
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library
Year: 2024

description: Ankle injury is a fundamental and recurring issue in high impact activity that affects athletes, military personnel, and everyday people. Current attempts at ankle injury mitigation look towards passive devices that simply support the ankle through bound structure built through the device. The goal of this study was to identify the risk factors and indicators that are actively associated with ankle sprain, implement them into a machine learning algorithm, and establish a program that could significantly predict ankle sprain. The currently understood risk factors were distinguished through previous research papers and were used as key features for the machine learning algorithm. Based on these features machine learning algorithms were used to predict ankle sprain. This preliminary research sets the stage for future research into wearable devices that could be implemented into a passive ankle brace and predict sprain while in motion. This prediction could then be implemented into active devices that will increase the stiffness of the brace only when sprain is likely.
Designing for Reproducibility: A Qualitative Study of Challenges and Opportunities in High Energy Physics
Creators: name: Feger, Sebastian S.
name: Dallmeier-Tiessen, Sünje
name: Schmidt, Albrecht
name: Woźniak, Paweł W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reproducibility should be a cornerstone of scientific research and is a growing concern among the scientific community and the public. Understanding how to design services and tools that support documentation, preservation and sharing is required to maximize the positive impact of scientific research. We conducted a study of user attitudes towards systems that support data preservation in High Energy Physics, one of science's most data-intensive branches. We report on our interview study with 12 experimental physicists, studying requirements and opportunities in designing for research preservation and reproducibility. Our findings suggest that we need to design for motivation and benefits in order to stimulate contributions and to address the observed scalability challenge. Therefore, researchers' attitudes towards communication, uncertainty, collaboration and automation need to be reflected in design. Based on our findings, we present a systematic view of user needs and constraints that define the design space of systems supporting reproducible practices.
description: Accepted for publication at the 2019 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2019)
Sehima nervosum Stapf
Creators: name: Prunera-Olivé, Joan
name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
name: Williams, Emma V.
name: Mollel, Neduvoto P.
name: Hemp, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Sehima
Sehima nervosum

description: Sehima nervosum (Rottler) Stapf in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 9: 36 (1917).
 Distribution: Eritrea to S. Trop. Africa, Arabian Pen. SC. China to Trop. Asia
 Specimens: MOSHI Holili, Hemp, A. 1829 (NHT, UBT); Lake Chala, Greenway, P.J. 4470 (K).
description: Published as part of Prunera-Olivé, Joan, Vorontsova, Maria S., Williams, Emma V., Mollel, Neduvoto P. & Hemp, Andreas, 2021, Checklist of Kilimanjaro grasses shows that both plot and herbarium methods are necessary to record diversity, pp. 201-244 in Phytotaxa 501 (2) on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5424816
Orthonotus kiritshenkoi Josifov 1964
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Orthonotus
Orthonotus kiritshenkoi

description: Orthonotus kiritshenkoi Josifov, 1964
 Material examined. ARDABIL: 20-50 km E of Khalkhal, many specimens, 27.vi.1995, 1.-21.vii.1996.
 Comments. In mountain meadows. Known from Azerbaijan. New for Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2007, Studies on the Miridae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran. II. List of species, pp. 17-56 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 47 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328235
The Evolving Accretion Disc in the Black Hole X-ray Transient XTE J1859+226
Creators: name: Hynes, R. I.
name: Haswell, C. A.
name: Chaty, S.
name: Shrader, C. R.
name: Cui, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST, RXTE, and UKIRT observations of the broad band spectra of the black hole X-ray transient XTE J1859+226 during the decline from its 1999-2000 outburst. Our UV spectra define the 2175A interstellar absorption feature very well and based on its strength we estimate E(B-V)=0.58+/-0.12. Hence we deredden our spectra and follow the evolution of the spectral energy distribution on the decline from outburst. We find that the UV and optical data, and the X-ray thermal component when detectable, can be fit with a simple blackbody model of an accretion disc heated by internal viscosity and X-ray irradiation, and extending to close to the last stable orbit around the black hole, although the actual inner radius cannot be well constrained. During the decline we see the disc apparently evolving from a model with the edge dominated by irradiative heating towards one where viscous heating is dominant everywhere. The outer disc radius also appears to decrease during the decline; we interpret this as evidence of a cooling wave moving inwards and discuss its implications for the disc instability model. Based on the normalisation of our spectral fits we estimate a likely distance range of 4.6-8.0kpc, although a value outside of this range cannot securely be ruled out.
description: 10 pages including figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Matter power spectrum: from Ly$α$ forest to CMB scales
Creators: name: Chabanier, Solène
name: Millea, Marius
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new compilation of inferences of the linear 3D matter power spectrum at redshift $z\,{=}\,0$ from a variety of probes spanning several orders of magnitude in physical scale and in cosmic history. We develop a new lower-noise method for performing this inference from the latest Ly$α$ forest 1D power spectrum data. We also include cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization power spectra and lensing reconstruction data, the cosmic shear two-point correlation function, and the clustering of luminous red galaxies. We provide a Dockerized Jupyter notebook housing the fairly complex dependencies for producing the plot of these data, with the hope that groups in the future can help add to it. Overall, we find qualitative agreement between the independent measurements considered here and the standard $Λ$CDM cosmological model fit to the {\it Planck} data
description: Published in MNRAS
Infrared and Millimetric Study of the Young Outflow Cepheus E
Creators: name: Moro-Martin, A.
name: Noriega-Crespo, A.
name: Molinari, S.
name: Testi, L.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Sargent, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cepheus E outflow has been studied in the mid and far infrared using the ISO CAM and LWS instruments, and at millimetric wavelengths using OVRO. In the near and mid-IR, its morphology is similar to that expected for a jet driven outflow, where the leading bow shocks entrain and accelerate the surrounding molecular gas. As expected, fine structure atomic/ionic emission lines arise from the bow shocks, at both the Mach Disk and the stagnation tip, where J-shocks are dominant. The H2, H2O and CO molecular emission could arise further `downstream' at the bow shock wings where the shocks (v = 8-35 km/s) are oblique and more likely to be C-type. The 13CO emission arises from entrained molecular gas and a compact high velocity emission is observed, together with an extended low velocity component that almost coincides spatially with the H2 near-IR emission. The millimetric continuum emission shows two sources. We identify one of them with IRAS 23011+6126, postulating is the driver of the Cepheus E outflow; the other, also an embedded source, is likely to be driving one of other outflows observed in the region.
description: 47 pages, 13 figures