cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Communicating Astronomy Through Developing Inhouse Locally Customized Planetarium Shows - Experience
Creators: name: Ganguly, Jayant
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Communicating Astronomy Through Developing Inhouse Locally Customized Planetarium Shows - Experience

Presenter: Jayant Ganguly (Regional Science Centre and Planetarium Calicut, India)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

Developing a good planetarium show is more of ‘Aesthetic Cognitivism’, it unfolds aspects of understanding the nature of the objects in the sky, it provides conceptual connections and engages visitors in identifying his or her self as a part of the physical whole - ‘stardust’. Here the presentation style, delivery, the light and shadow, the background music, the silence, the narrations and its density, the visual indicators and signifiers, the intention of the story developer … all matters. At Regional Science Centre and Planetarium Calicut (RSCPC), we developed 40 planetarium shows over a span of 27 years catering to the common adults, school and the culturally diverse public. This talk reflects upon our experiences and reflections.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
A Continuum Model for Dislocation Climb
Creators: name: Huang, Chutian
name: Dai, Shuyang
name: Niu, Xiaohua
name: Jiang, Tianpeng
name: Yang, Zhijian
name: Gu, Yejun
name: Xiang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dislocation climb plays an important role in understanding plastic deformation of metallic materials at high temperature. In this paper, we present a continuum formulation for dislocation climb velocity based on densities of dislocations. The obtained continuum formulation is an accurate approximation of the Green's function based discrete dislocation dynamics method (Gu et al. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 83:319-337, 2015). The continuum dislocation climb formulation has the advantage of accounting for both the long-range effect of vacancy bulk diffusion and that of the Peach-Koehler climb force, and the two longrange effects are canceled into a short-range effect (integral with fast-decaying kernel) and in some special cases, a completely local effect. This significantly simplifies the calculation in the Green's function based discrete dislocation dynamics method, in which a linear system has to be solved over the entire system for the long-range effect of vacancy diffusion and the long-range Peach-Koehler climb force has to be calculated. This obtained continuum dislocation climb velocity can be applied in any available continuum dislocation dynamics frameworks. We also present numerical validations for this continuum climb velocity and simulation examples for implementation in continuum dislocation dynamics frameworks.
Desiging Artificial Lieb Lattice on Metal Surface
Creators: name: Qiu, Wen-Xuan
name: Li, Shuai
name: Gao, Jin-Hua
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Zhang, Fu-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several experiments have illustrated that metal surface electrons can be manipulated to form a two dimensional (2D) lattice by depositing a designer molecule lattice on metal surface. This offers a promising new technique to construct artificial 2D electron lattices. Here we theoretically propose a molecule lattice pattern to realize an artificial Lieb lattice on metal surface, which shows a flat electronic band due to the lattice geometry. We show that the localization of electrons in the flat band may be understood from the viewpoint of electron interference, which may be probed by measuring the local density of states with the scanning tunnelling microscopy. Our proposal may be readily implemented in experiment and may offer an ideal solid state platform to investigate the novel flat band physics of the Lieb lattice.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Enhanced Pinning For Vortices in Hyperuniform Substrates and Emergent Hyperuniform Vortex States
Creators: name: Thien, Q. Le
name: McDermott, D.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
name: Reichhardt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered hyperuniformity is a state of matter which has isotropic liquid like properties while simultaneously having crystalline like properties such as little variation in the density fluctuations over long distances. Such states arise for the packing of photoreceptor cells in chicken eyes, jammed particle assemblies, and in nonequilibrium systems. An open question is what possible applications could utilize properties of hyperuniformity. One of the major issues for applications of type-II superconductors is how to achieve high critical currents by preventing the motion or depinning of vortices, so there is great interest in understanding which pinning site geometries will lead to the optimal pinning of vortices. Here, using large scale computational simulations, we show that vortices in a type-II superconductor with a hyperuniform pinning arrangement exhibit enhanced pinning compared to an equal number of pinning sites with a purely random arrangement, and that the enhancement is robust over a wide range of parameters. The stronger pinning arises in the hyperuniform arrays due to the suppression of pinning density fluctuations, permitting higher pin occupancy and the reduction of weak links that lead to easy flow channeling. We also show that in general, in amorphous vortex states in the presence of either random or hyperuniform pinning arrays, the vortices themselves exhibit disordered hyperuniformity due to the repulsive nature of the vortex-vortex interactions.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Properties of First-Order Hadron-Quark Phase Transition from Inverting Neutron Star Observables
Creators: name: Zhang, Nai-Bo
name: Li, Bao-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By inverting the observational data of several neutron star observables in the three dimensional parameter space of the constant speed of sound (CSS) model while fixing all hadronic Equation of State parameters at their currently known most probable values, we constrain the three parameters of the CSS model and their correlations. Using two lower radius limits of $R_{2.01}=11.41$ km and $R_{2.01}=12.2$ km for PSR J0740+6620 obtained from two independent analyses using different approaches by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) Collaboration, the speed of sound squared $c_{\rm QM}^2$ in quark matter is found to have a lower limit of $0.35$ and $0.43$ in unit of $c^2$, respectively, above its conformal limit of $c_{\rm QM}^2<1/3$. An approximately linear correlation between the first-order hadron-quark transition density $ρ_t$ and its strength $Δ\varepsilon$ is found. Moreover, the presence of twin star is deemed improbable by the present work.
description: Added 1 figure and some discussions. Phys. Rev. C in press
Light-Cone Fluctuations in the Cosmic String Spacetime
Creators: name: Mota, H. F.
name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
name: Bessa, C. H. G.
name: Bezerra, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider light-cone fluctuations arising as a consequence of the nontrivial topology of the locally flat cosmic string spacetime. By setting the light-cone along the z-direction we are able to develop a full analysis to calculate the renormalized graviton two-point function, as well as the mean square fluctuation in the geodesic interval function and the time delay (or advance) in the propagation of a light-pulse. We found that all these expressions depend upon the parameter characterizing the conical topology of the cosmic string spacetime and vanish in the absence of it. We also point out that at large distances from the cosmic string the mean square fluctuation in the geodesic interval function is extremely small while in the opposite limit it logarithmically increases, improving the signal and thus, making possible the detection of such quantity.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Using measurements of the cosmic bulk flow to constrain $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Seiler, Jacob
name: Parkinson, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an alternative explanation for the cosmic acceleration, $f(R)$ theories of gravity can predict an almost identical expansion history to standard $Λ$CDM, yet make very different predictions for the growth of cosmological structures. Measurements of the cosmic bulk flow provides a method for determining the strength of gravity over the history of structure formation. We use the modified gravity N-body code ECOSMOG to simulate dark matter particles and make predictions for the bulk flow magnitude in both $Λ$CDM and $f(R)$ gravity. With the peculiar velocities output by ECOSMOG we determine the bulk flow at depths ranging from $20h^{-1}$Mpc to $50h^{-1}$Mpc, following the redshift and sky distribution of the 2MASS Tully-Fisher survey (2MTF). At each depth, we find that the $Λ$CDM and $f_{R0} = 10^{-5}$ simulations produce bulk flow measurements that are consistent with $Λ$CDM predictions and the 2MTF survey at a $1σ$ level. We also find that adopting an $f(R)$ strength of $f_{R0} = 10^{-3}$ predict a much larger value for the bulk flow, which disagree with $Λ$CDM predictions at all depths considered. We conclude that $f_{R0}$ must be constrained to a level no greater than $10^{-4}$ to agree with bulk flow measurements.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted by MNRAS
Phase Stability of Hexagonal/cubic Boron Nitride Nanocomposites
Creators: name: Biswas, Abhijit
name: Xu, Rui
name: Christiansen-Salameh, Joyce
name: Jeong, Eugene
name: Alvarez, Gustavo A.
name: Li, Chenxi
name: Puthirath, Anand B.
name: Gao, Bin
name: Garg, Arushi
name: Gray, Tia
name: Kannan, Harikishan
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Elkins, Jacob
name: Pieshkov, Tymofii S.
name: Vajtai, Robert
name: Birdwell, A. Glen
name: Neupane, Mahesh R.
name: Pate, Bradford B.
name: Ivanov, Tony
name: Garratt, Elias J.
name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Zhu, Hanyu
name: Tian, Zhiting
name: Ajayan, Pulickel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boron nitride (BN) is an exceptional material and among its polymorphs, two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal and three-dimensional (3D) cubic BN (h-BN and c-BN) phases are most common. The phase stability regimes of these BN phases are still under debate and phase transformations of h-BN/c-BN remain a topic of interest. Here, we investigate the phase stability of 2D/3D h-BN/c-BN nanocomposites and show that the co-existence of two phases can lead to strong non-linear optical properties and low thermal conductivity at room temperature. Furthermore, spark-plasma sintering of the nanocomposite shows complete phase transformation to 2D h-BN with improved crystalline quality, where 3D c-BN grain sizes governs the nucleation and growth kinetics. Our demonstration might be insightful in phase engineering of BN polymorphs based nanocomposites with desirable properties for optoelectronics and thermal energy management applications.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures
Automated Detection of Coronal Mass Ejections in STEREO Heliospheric Imager data
Creators: name: Pant, V.
name: Willems, S.
name: Rodriguez, L.
name: Mierla, M.
name: Banerjee, D.
name: Davies, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed, for the first time, the successful automated detection of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) in data from the inner heliospheric imager (HI-1) cameras on the STEREO A spacecraft. Detection of CMEs is done in time-height maps based on the application of the Hough transform, using a modified version of the CACTus software package, conventionally applied to coronagraph data. In this paper we describe the method of detection. We present the result of the application of the technique to a few CMEs that are well detected in the HI-1 imagery, and compare these results with those based on manual cataloging methodologies. We discuss in detail the advantages and disadvantages of this method.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
On the Solutions of Two Diophantine Equations n^2x +2^y=z^2 and n^2x-2^y=z^2
Creators: name: Suton Tadee
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diophantine equation
non-negative integer solution

description: Journal of Science and Science Education, 5, 2, 65-69
High-Temperature Series Expansion for Spin-1/2 Heisenberg Models
Creators: name: Hehn, Andreas
name: van Well, Natalija
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high-temperature series expansion code for spin-1/2 Heisenberg models on arbitrary lattices. As an example we demonstrate how to use the application for an anisotropic triangular lattice with two independent couplings J1 and J2 and calculate the high-temperature series of the magnetic susceptibility and the static structure factor up to 12th and 10th order, respectively. We show how to extract effective coupling constants for the triangular Heisenberg model from experimental data on Cs2CuBr4.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Entailment Relations on Distributions
Creators: name: van de Wetering, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we give an overview of partial orders on the space of probability distributions that carry a notion of information content and serve as a generalisation of the Bayesian order given in (Coecke and Martin, 2011). We investigate what constraints are necessary in order to get a unique notion of information content. These partial orders can be used to give an ordering on words in vector space models of natural language meaning relating to the contexts in which words are used, which is useful for a notion of entailment and word disambiguation. The construction used also points towards a way to create orderings on the space of density operators which allow a more fine-grained study of entailment. The partial orders in this paper are directed complete and form domains in the sense of domain theory.
description: In Proceedings SLPCS 2016, arXiv:1608.01018
Estimating axon radius using diffusion-relaxation MRI: calibrating a surface-based relaxation model with histology
Creators: name: Barakovic, Muhamed
name: Pizzolato, Marco
name: Tax, Chantal M. W.
name: Rudrapatna, Umesh
name: Magon, Stefano
name: Dyrby, Tim B.
name: Granziera, Cristina
name: Thiran, Jean-Philippe
name: Jones, Derek K.
name: Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Axon radius is a potential biomarker for brain diseases and a crucial tissue microstructure parameter that determines the speed of action potentials. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) allows non-invasive estimation of axon radius, but accurately estimating the radius of axons in the human brain is challenging. Most axons in the brain have a radius below one micrometer, which falls below the sensitivity limit of dMRI signals even when using the most advanced human MRI scanners. Therefore, new MRI methods that are sensitive to small axon radii are needed. In this proof-of-concept investigation, we examine whether a surface-based axonal relaxation process could mediate a relationship between intra-axonal T2 and T1 times and inner axon radius, as measured using postmortem histology. A unique in vivo human diffusion-T1-T2 relaxation dataset was acquired on a 3T MRI scanner with ultra-strong diffusion gradients, using a strong diffusion-weighting (i.e., b = 6,000 s/mm$^2$) and multiple inversion and echo times. A second reduced diffusion-T2 dataset was collected at various echo times to evaluate the model further. The intra-axonal relaxation times were estimated by fitting a diffusion-relaxation model to the orientation-averaged spherical mean signals. Our analysis revealed that the proposed surface-based relaxation model effectively explains the relationship between the estimated relaxation times and the histological axon radius measured in various corpus callosum regions. Using these histological values, we developed a novel calibration approach to predict axon radius in other areas of the corpus callosum. Notably, the predicted radii and those determined from histological measurements were in close agreement.
description: 47 pages, 10 figures
Drag of electrons in graphene by substrate surface polar phonons
Creators: name: Koniakhin, S. V.
name: Nalitov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that electron scattering by surface polar phonons (SPPs) of the substrate reduces their mobility in supported graphene. However, there is no experimental evidence for contribution of drag of electrons by SPP to thermoelectric phenomena in graphene: graphene thermopower exhibits good agreement with Mott's law, which means that the diffusion contribution to the thermopower is dominant in a wide range of carrier densities and temperatures. Here we develop a complete theory of drag of electrons in graphene by SPP. By solving Boltzmann transport equation for electrons scattered by SPPs we derive SPP drag contribution to the thermopower in graphene. Compared to diffusion thermopower, obtained values appear to be one order of magnitude lower for various substrates. This can be explained by low occupation number of the SPPs and short mean free path of such phonons stemming from their small group velocity. We conclude that experiments on thermopower in graphene can be treated within the framework of Mott's law.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Article Commentary on "Microdosimetric and radiobiological effects of gold nanoparticles at therapeutic radiation energies" [T.M. Gray et al., IJRB 2023, 99(2), 308-317]
Creators: name: Rabus, Hans
name: Schwarze, Miriam
name: Thomas, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recently published article by T.M. Gray et al. "Microdosimetric and radiobiological effects of gold nanoparticles at therapeutic radiation energies" (IJRB 2023, 99(2), 308-317) results of Monte Carlo simulations and radiobiological assays on the dosimetric effects of gold nanoparticles were presented. This commentary points out that the results of the two parts of the study are in contradiction and that the predicted magnitude of dose enhancement and its dependence on the shape of the nanoparticle appear implausible. Possible reasons for these observations are discussed.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to IJRB
title: Asphalt formation at the seafloor of the Campeche-Sigsbee salt province, southern Gulf of Mexico
Creators: name:  Bohrmann ,   Gerhard
name:  Römer ,   Miriam
name:  Hsu ,   Chieh-Wei
name:  Pape ,   Thomas
name:  Marcon ,   Yann
name:  MacDonald ,   Ian
name:  Wintersteller ,   Paul
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Hydrocarbon seepage is widespread distributed at the southern Gulf of Mexico. During several research cruises in 2003, 2006, and 2015 (SO174, M67/, and M114) we used multidisciplinary approaches, including multi-beam mapping and visual seafloor observations with different underwater vehicles to study the extent and character of complex hydrocarbon seepage in the Bay of Campeche, southern Gulf of Mexico. Our observations showed that seafloor asphalt deposits occur at numerous knolls and ridges in water depths from 1230 to 3150 m. These striking seafloor elevations are formed by diapirs of Jurassic salt deposit associated by hydrocarbon accumulations. The deeper sites like Chapopopte and Mictlan knolls were characterized by asphalt deposits accompanied by extrusion of liquid, and very heavy oil in form of whips or sheets, and in most places by gas emissions, and the presence of gas hydrates (Tsanyao Yang, Mictlan, and Chapopote knolls). Molecular and stable carbon isotopic compositions of gaseous hydrocarbons suggest their primarily thermogenic origin. Relatively fresh solidified asphalt structures were settled by bacterial mats and vestimentiferan tube worms growing through cracks and from under the edges of pavement. The gas hydrates at Tsanyao Yang and Mictlan knolls were covered by a 5-to-10 cm-thick reaction zone composed of authigenic carbonates, detritus, and microbial mats, and were densely colonized by 1–2 m long tube worms, bivalves, snails, and shrimps. The extent of all discovered seepage structure areas indicates that emission of complex hydrocarbons is a widespread, thus important feature of the southern Gulf of Mexico.
Universal relations to measure neutron star properties from targeted r-mode searches
Creators: name: Ghosh, Suprovo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: R-mode oscillations of rotating neutron stars(NS) are promising candidates for continuous gravitational wave (GW) observations. In our recent work, we derived universal relations of the NS parameters, compactness and dimensionless tidal deformability with the r-mode frequency. In this work, we investigate how these universal relations can be used to infer various NS intrinsic parameters following a successful detection of the r-modes. In particular, we show that for targeted r-mode searches, these universal relations along with the "I-Love-Q" relation can be used to estimate both the moment of inertia and the distance of the NS thus breaking the degeneracy of distance measurement for continuous gravitational wave(CGW) observations. We also discuss that with a prior knowledge of the distance of the NS from electromagnetic observations, these universal relations can also be used to constrain the dense matter equation of state (EOS) inside NS. We quantify the accuracy to which such measurements can be done using the Fisher information matrix for a broad range of possible, unknown parameters, for both the a-LIGO and Einstein Telescope (ET) sensitivities.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in MNRAS
Multicritical Bifurcation and First-order Phase Transitions in a Three-dimensional Blume-Capel Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Silva, Daniel
name: Buendia, Gloria M.
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study by Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis of the phase diagram and ordered bulk phases for the three-dimensional Blume-Capel antiferromagnet in the space of temperature and magnetic and crystal fields (or two chemical potentials in an equivalent lattice-gas model with two particle species and vacancies). The phase diagram consists of surfaces of second- and first-order transitions that enclose a ``volume'' of ordered phases in the phase space. At relatively high temperatures, these surfaces join smoothly along a line of tricritical points, and at zero magnetic field we obtain good agreement with known values for tricritical exponent ratios [Y. Deng and H.W.J. Bl{ö}te, Phys. Rev. E {70}, 0456111 (2004)]. In limited field regions at lower temperatures (symmetric under reversal of the magnetic field), the tricritical line for this three-dimensional model bifurcates into lines of critical endpoints and critical points, connected by a surface of weak first-order transitions {inside} the region of ordered phases. This phenomenon is not seen in the two-dimensional version of the same model. We confirm the location of the bifurcation as previously reported [Y.L. Wang and J.D. Kimel, J. Appl. Phys. {69}, 6176 (1991)], and we identify the phases separated by this first-order surface as antiferromagnetically (three-dimensional checker-board) ordered with different vacancy densities. We visualize the phases by real-space snapshots and by structure factors in the three-dimensional space of wave vectors.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for PRE
Asymptotic expansions of the contact angle in nonlocal capillarity problems
Creators: name: Dipierro, Serena
name: Maggi, Francesco
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a family of nonlocal capillarity models, where surface tension is modeled by exploiting the family of fractional interaction kernels $|z|^{-n-s}$, with $s\in(0,1)$ and $n$ the dimension of the ambient space. The fractional Young's law (contact angle condition) predicted by these models coincides, in the limit as $s\to 1^-$, with the classical Young's law determined by the Gauss free energy. Here we refine this asymptotics by showing that, for $s$ close to $1$, the fractional contact angle is always smaller than its classical counterpart when the relative adhesion coefficient $σ$ is negative, and larger if $σ$ is positive. In addition, we address the asymptotics of the fractional Young's law in the limit case $s\to 0^+$ of interaction kernels with heavy tails. Interestingly, near $s=0$, the dependence of the contact angle from the relative adhesion coefficient becomes linear.
Efficient control protocols for an active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle
Creators: name: Gupta, Deepak
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
name: Sivak, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Designing a protocol to efficiently drive a stochastic system is an active field of research. Here we extend such control theory to an active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP) in a bistable potential, driven by a harmonic trap. We find that protocols designed to minimize the excess work (up to linear-response) perform better than naive protocols with constant velocity for a wide range of protocol durations.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, Minor revision
Mutual synchronization of nano-oscillators driven by pure spin current
Creators: name: Urazhdin, S.
name: Demidov, V. E.
name: Cao, R.
name: Divinskiy, B.
name: Tyberkevych, V.
name: Slavin, A.
name: Rinkevich, A. B.
name: Demokritov, S. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental observation of mutual synchronization of magnetic nanooscillators driven by pure spin current generated by nonlocal spin injection. We show that the oscillators efficiently synchronize due to the direct spatial overlap of the dynamical modes excited by spin current, which is facilitated by the large size of the auto-oscillation area inherent to these devices. The synchronization occurs within an interval of the driving current determined by the competition between the dynamic nonlinearity that facilitates synchronization, and the short-wavelength magnetic fluctuations enhanced by the spin current that suppress synchronization. The demonstrated synchronization effects can be utilized to control the spatial and spectral characteristics of the dynamical states induced by spin currents.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
The development of learning activity based on mathematical modeling and gamification technique to promote mathematical problem-solving skill on graph and linear relations for grade-7 students
Creators: name: Supisara Janpeng
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mathematical Modelling
Gamification
Mathematical problem-solving skills
Graphs and linear relationships

description: Journal of Science and Science Education, 5, 2, 91-103
Magnetic black hole in Einstein-Dilaton-Square root nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
name: Verma, Kanishk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the most general action in Einstein-Dilaton-Nonlinear Electrodynamics (NED) theory, we obtain the field equations. We apply the field equations for the specific NED known as the Liouville type plus a cosmological constant and solve the field equations. With a pure magnetic field it is shown that the square root model is the strong field limit of the Born-Infeld NED theory. In static spherically symmetric spacetime and a magnetic monopole sitting at the origin, the field equations are exactly solvable provided the intergation constants of the solution and the theory constants appearing in the action are linked through two constraints. As it is known such an exact solution in the absence of dilaton i.e., gravity coupled to square root NED doesn't exist. Therefore, the presence of the dilaton gives additional freedom to solve the field equations. The obtained spacetime is singular and non-asymptotically flat and depending on the free parameters it may be a black hole or a cosmological object. For the black hole spacetime, we study the thermal stability of the spacetime and show that the black hole is thermally stable provided its size is larger than a critical value.
description: Final version accepted for publication in Annals of Physics. 12 pages 1 figure
Dynamic sampling and information encoding in biochemical networks
Creators: name: Potter, Garrett D.
name: Byrd, Tommy A.
name: Mugler, Andrew
name: Sun, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cells use biochemical networks to translate environmental information into intracellular responses. These responses can be highly dynamic, but how the information is encoded in these dynamics remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the dynamic encoding of information in the ATP-induced calcium responses of fibroblast cells, using a vectorial, or multi-time-point, measure from information theory. We find that the amount of extracted information depends on physiological constraints such as the sampling rate and memory capacity of the downstream network, and is affected differentially by intrinsic vs. extrinsic noise. By comparing to a minimal physical model, we find, surprisingly, that the information is often insensitive to the detailed structure of the underlying dynamics, and instead the decoding mechanism acts as a simple low-pass filter. These results demonstrate the mechanisms and limitations of dynamic information storage in cells.
Quantum liquids of the S=3/2 Kitaev honeycomb and related Kugel-Khomskii models
Creators: name: Natori, Willian M. H.
name: Jin, Hui-Ke
name: Knolle, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $S=3/2$ Kitaev honeycomb model (KHM) is unique among the spin-$S$ Kitaev models due to a massive ground state quasi-degeneracy that hampered previous numerical and analytical studies. In a recent work~\cite{jin2022unveiling}, we showed how an SO(6) Majorana parton mean-field theory of the $S=3/2$ isotropic KHM explains the anomalous features of this Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) in terms of an emergent low-energy Majorana flat band. Away from the isotropic limit, the $S=3/2$ KSL generally displays a quadrupolar order with gapped or gapless Majorana excitations, features that were quantitatively confirmed by DMRG simulations. In this paper, we explore the connection between the $S = 3/2$ KHM with Kugel-Khomskii models and discover new exactly soluble examples for the latter. We perform a symmetry analysis for the variational parton mean-field \emph{Ans{ä}tze} in the spin and orbital basis for different quantum liquid phases of the $S=3/2$ KHM. Finally, we investigate a proposed time-reversal symmetry breaking spin liquid induced by a {[}111{]} single ion anisotropy and elucidate its topological properties as well as experimental signatures, e.g. an unquantized thermal Hall response.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Quantum Algorithms for Compositional Natural Language Processing
Creators: name: Zeng, William
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new application of quantum computing to the field of natural language processing. Ongoing work in this field attempts to incorporate grammatical structure into algorithms that compute meaning. In (Coecke, Sadrzadeh and Clark, 2010), the authors introduce such a model (the CSC model) based on tensor product composition. While this algorithm has many advantages, its implementation is hampered by the large classical computational resources that it requires. In this work we show how computational shortcomings of the CSC approach could be resolved using quantum computation (possibly in addition to existing techniques for dimension reduction). We address the value of quantum RAM (Giovannetti,2008) for this model and extend an algorithm from Wiebe, Braun and Lloyd (2012) into a quantum algorithm to categorize sentences in CSC. Our new algorithm demonstrates a quadratic speedup over classical methods under certain conditions.
description: In Proceedings SLPCS 2016, arXiv:1608.01018
Conjunctive Query Based Constraint Solving For Feature Model Configuration
Creators: name: Felfernig, Alexander
name: Le, Viet-Man
name: Lubos, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1; I.2.4; F.4.1; H.2.4

description: Feature model configuration can be supported on the basis of various types of reasoning approaches. Examples thereof are SAT solving, constraint solving, and answer set programming (ASP). Using these approaches requires technical expertise of how to define and solve the underlying configuration problem. In this paper, we show how to apply conjunctive queries typically supported by today's relational database systems to solve constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) and -- more specifically -- feature model configuration tasks. This approach allows the application of a wide-spread database technology to solve configuration tasks and also allows for new algorithmic approaches when it comes to the identification and resolution of inconsistencies.
description: to be presented at The 12th Conference on Information Technology and Its Application, CITA 2023, July 28-29, 2023, Da Nang, Vietnam, and to be published in the volume of the Lecture Notes in Network and Systems series (Springer)
Optical study of the polar BM CrB in low accretion state
Creators: name: Kolbin, A. I.
name: Borisov, N. V.
name: Burenkov, A. N.
name: Spiridonova, O. I.
name: Bikmaev, I. F.
name: Suslikov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a spectral and photometric study of the poorly studied polar BM CrB. Three states of the polar brightness and signs of transition from one-pole to two-pole accretion mode were found by an analysis of ZTF data. It is shown that the transition from the low state to the high state changes the longitude of the main accretion spot (by $\approx 17^{\circ}$) and increases its elongation (by $\approx 10^{\circ}$). The spectra contain Zeeman absorptions of the H$α$ line which are formed at a magnetic field strength of $15.5\pm1$ MG. These absorptions are likely produced by a cold halo extending from the accretion spot at $\approx {^1/_4}$ of the white dwarf radius. Modeling of the behavior of the H$α$ emission line shows that the main source of emission is the part of the accretion stream near the Lagrangian point L$_1$, which is periodically eclipsed by the donor star. The spectra exhibit a cyclotron component formed in the accretion spot. Its modeling by a simple accretion spot model gives constraints on the magnetic field strength $B=15-40$ MG and the temperature $T_e\gtrsim15$ keV.
Parsimony, model adequacy and periodic correlation in forecasting time series
Creators: name: McLeod, A. Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62M10, 91B84

description: The merits of the modelling philosophy of Box \& Jenkins (1970) are illustrated with a summary of our recent work on seasonal river flow forecasting. Specifically, this work demonstrates that the principle of parsimony, which has been questioned by several authors recently, is helpful in selecting the best model for forecasting seasonal river flow. Our work also demonstrates the importance of model adequacy. An adequate model for seasonal river flow must incorporate seasonal periodic correlation. The usual autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) and seasonal ARMA models are not adequate in this respect for seasonal river flow time series. A new diagnostic check, for detecting periodic correlation in fitted ARMA models is developed in this paper. This diagnostic check is recommended for routine use when fitting seasonal ARMA models. It is shown that this diagnostic check indicates that many seasonal economic time series also exhibit periodic correlation. Since the standard forecasting methods are inadequate on this account, it can be concluded that in many cases, the forecasts produced are sub-optimal. Finally, a limitation of the arbitrary combination of forecasts is also illustrated. Combining forecasts from an adequate parsimonious model with an inadequate model did not improve the forecasts whereas combining the two forecasts of two inadequate models did yield an improvement in forecasting performance. These findings also support the model building philosophy of Box \& Jenkins. The non-intuitive findings of Newbold \& Granger (1974) and Winkler \& Makridakis (1983) that the apparent arbitrary combination of forecasts from similar models will lead to forecasting performance is not supported by our case study with river flow forecasting.
description: 19 pages, 2 tables
Accelerated and Inexpensive Machine Learning for Manufacturing Processes with Incomplete Mechanistic Knowledge
Creators: name: Cleeman, Jeremy
name: Agrawala, Kian
name: Malhotra, Rajiv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine Learning (ML) is of increasing interest for modeling parametric effects in manufacturing processes. But this approach is limited to established processes for which a deep physics-based understanding has been developed over time, since state-of-the-art approaches focus on reducing the experimental and/or computational costs of generating the training data but ignore the inherent and significant cost of developing qualitatively accurate physics-based models for new processes . This paper proposes a transfer learning based approach to address this issue, in which a ML model is trained on a large amount of computationally inexpensive data from a physics-based process model (source) and then fine-tuned on a smaller amount of costly experimental data (target). The novelty lies in pushing the boundaries of the qualitative accuracy demanded of the source model, which is assumed to be high in the literature, and is the root of the high model development cost. Our approach is evaluated for modeling the printed line width in Fused Filament Fabrication. Despite extreme functional and quantitative inaccuracies in the source our approach reduces the model development cost by years, experimental cost by 56-76%, computational cost by orders of magnitude, and prediction error by 16-24%.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
title: How minerals govern the advance of weathering: comparison of a shallow and a deep weathering profile in different climatic zones (Chilean Coastal Cordillera)
Creators: name:  Hampl ,    Ferdinand Jakob
name:  Schiperski ,    Ferry
name:  Stroncik ,    Nicole
name:  Facklam ,    Michael
name:  von Blanckenburg ,    Friedhelm
name:  Neumann ,    Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Weathering is the fundamental precondition for erosion and soil formation which sculpture Earth´s surface. It is a complex interplay of minerals, rock fabric, tectonical fractures, climate, and organic activity. To explore the dependences between these factors two weathering profiles on magmatic bedrock were compared using six-meter-deep soil pits and drill cores in both a humid and a Mediterranean climate regime of Chile. Detailed mineralogical and geochemical investigations of soil and saprolite were combined with spatially highly resolved geochemical analyses of fracture-related rock weathering. The maximum saprolite depth in the humid climate turned out to be much shallower (approx. 6 m) than in the Mediterranean climate (almost 30 m). However, the entire soil-pit profile in the humid climate is characterized by distinct chemical depletion and intense mineral weathering (predominantly chemical weathering), whereas the Mediterranean profile only shows weak chemical and mineral weathering but high degrees of fracturing (predominantly physical weathering). This study suggests that surface inputs (water, O2) initially enter the subsurface via tectonical fractures and trigger reactions such as iron-oxidation in Fe(II)-bearing silicates which induces fracturing or the transformation of feldspars which can hamper the weathering advance by porosity reduction. The higher content of Fe(II)-bearing silicates in the bedrock of the Mediterranean climate is thus considered the critical factor for the different developments of the two profiles. This study stresses the magnitude of control the mineralogical composition has on weathering processes and that surface processes like erosion cannot be fully understood without a thorough investigation of the subsurface.
The self-confinement of electrons and positrons from dark matter
Creators: name: Regis, Marco
name: Korsmeier, Michael
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Pignataro, Giada
name: Reynoso-Cordova, Javier
name: Ullio, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative emissions from electrons and positrons generated by dark matter (DM) annihilation or decay are one of the most investigated signals in indirect searches of WIMPs. Ideal targets must have large ratio of DM to baryonic matter. However, such ``dark'' systems have a poorly known level of magnetic turbulence, which determines the residence time of the electrons and positrons and therefore also the strength of the expected signal. This typically leads to significant uncertainties in the derived DM bounds. In a novel approach, we compute the self-confinement of the DM-induced electrons and positrons. Indeed, they themselves generate irregularities in the magnetic field, thus setting a lower limit on the presence of the magnetic turbulence. We specifically apply this approach to dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Finally, by comparing the expected synchrotron emission with radio data from the direction of the Draco galaxy collected at the Giant Metre Radio Telescope, we show that the proposed approach can be used to set robust and competitive bounds on WIMP DM.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. v2: minor revision, matches published version
Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging
Creators: name: Hébrard, É. M.
name: Donati, J. -F.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Morin, J.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Boisse, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show how tomographic imaging (Zeeman Doppler Imaging, ZDI) can be used to characterize stellar activity and magnetic field topologies, ultimately allowing to filter out the radial velocity (RV) activity jitter of M-dwarf moderate rotators. This work is based on spectropolarimetric observations of a sample of five weakly-active early M-dwarfs (GJ 205, GJ 358, GJ 410, GJ479, GJ 846) with HARPS-Pol and NARVAL. These stars have v sin i and RV jitters in the range 1-2 km/s and 2.7-10.0 m/s rms respectively. Using a modified version of ZDI applied to sets of phase-resolved Least-Squares- Decon- volved (LSD) profiles of unpolarized spectral lines, we are able to characterize the distribution of active regions at the stellar surfaces. We find that darks spots cover less than 2% of the total surface of the stars of our sample. Our technique is e cient at modeling the rotationally mod- ulated component of the activity jitter, and succeeds at decreasing the amplitude of this com- ponent by typical factors of 2-3 and up to 6 in optimal cases. From the rotationally modulated time-series of circularly polarized spectra and with ZDI, we also reconstruct the large-scale magnetic field topology. These fields suggest that bi-stability of dynamo processes observed in active M dwarfs may also be at work for moderately active M dwarfs. Comparing spot distributions with field topologies suggest that dark spots causing activity jitter concentrate at the magnetic pole and/or equator, to be confirmed with future data on a larger sample.
description: 34 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS