cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of a novel cooling/electricity cogeneration system driven by waste heat of a marine diesel engine
Creators: name: Feili, Milad
name: Hasanzadeh, Maryam
name: Ghaebi, Hadi
name: Aghdam, Ebrahim Abdi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: In recent years, the increment of pollutants emissions in the environment, global warming concerns, and governmental restrictions on fossil fuel consumption have necessitated the prevention of the spread of pollution in various industries, such as waterborne transport. In this study, new electricity and cooling cogeneration system is proposed for waste heat recovery of exhaust gas from the combustion of a marine diesel engine. The proposed system encompasses a combination of an absorption power cycle and an ejector refrigeration cycle to supply the cooling and electricity required for the crew. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated from the perspective of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and a parametric study is conducted to predict the behavior of the system under the influence of the input parameters. Later, due to the existing conflicting trend between energy efficiency and exergy efficiency, multi-objective optimization is used to merge several optimal design points into a final optimal point. The results indicate that the proposed cogeneration system has a capacity of 49.72 kW and 23.56 kW of electricity and cooling production in the optimal mode. In addition, in this case, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the system are obtained at 17.25% and 28.82%, respectively, which the former has improved by about 9.32% and the latter by 6.9%. Based on the obtained results, the total fuel exergy through exhaust gas is about 174.8 kW, of which 100.3 kW, 24.11 kW, and 50.38 kW are associated with exergy destruction, loss, and product rates.
Introducing Anisotropic Minkowski Functionals for Local Structure Analysis and Prediction of Biomechanical Strength of Proximal Femur Specimens
Creators: name: De, Titas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bone fragility and fracture caused by osteoporosis or injury are prevalent in adults over the age of 50 and can reduce their quality of life. Hence, predicting the biomechanical bone strength, specifically of the proximal femur, through non-invasive imaging-based methods is an important goal for the diagnosis of Osteoporosis as well as estimating fracture risk. Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has been used as a standard clinical procedure for assessment and diagnosis of bone strength and osteoporosis through bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. However, previous studies have shown that quantitative computer tomography (QCT) can be more sensitive and specific to trabecular bone characterization because it reduces the overlap effects and interferences from the surrounding soft tissue and cortical shell. This study proposes a new method to predict the bone strength of proximal femur specimens from quantitative multi-detector computer tomography (MDCT) images. Texture analysis methods such as conventional statistical moments (BMD mean), Isotropic Minkowski Functionals (IMF) and Anisotropic Minkowski Functionals (AMF) are used to quantify BMD properties of the trabecular bone micro-architecture. Combinations of these extracted features are then used to predict the biomechanical strength of the femur specimens using sophisticated machine learning techniques such as multiregression (MultiReg) and support vector regression with linear kernel (SVRlin). The prediction performance achieved with these feature sets is compared to the standard approach that uses the mean BMD of the specimens and multiregression models using root mean square error (RMSE).
Additional file 2 of Effects of a 16-week multimodal exercise program on gait performance in individuals with dementia: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Trautwein, Sandra
name: Barisch-Fritz, Bettina
name: Scharpf, Andrea
name: Ringhof, Steffen
name: Stein, Thorsten
name: Krell-Roesch, Janina
name: Woll, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Effect of rice husk volatiles in iron ore reduction and its kinetic study
Creators: name: Das, Dipika
name: Anand, Amrit
name: Gautam, Shalini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: India is an agricultural country, whose main crop is rice. Processing and milling of rice crops generate waste which is not yet potentially utilized, at most, it can be used for combustion purposes only. Hence, this research attempts to utilize rice husk volatiles (RHv) as a reducing agent for iron ore pellets in iron and steel making. Selected rice husk (RH) consists of approximately 72% volatile matter. The reduction process was carried out at different temperatures at 800, 900, 1000, and 1100°C and time intervals of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 min in a double chamber vertical furnace, using RHv as a reducing agent. It has been observed that the reduction percentage of iron ore obtained in case of RHv is 79.01% at 1100°C in 75 min. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis show the reduced pellets’ morphological characteristics and phase transformation, respectively. Kinetic analysis was done using the shrinking core model and it shows that at lower temperatures, that is, 800, 900, and 1000°C, reduction was diffusion control and followed by chemical reaction control at 1100°C. The activation energy obtained for diffusion and chemical control was 159 KJ/mol and 83.93 KJ/mol, respectively.
Economies of Scope in the Agricultural Provision of Ecosystems Services: A Swiss Case Study
Creators: name: Huber, Robert
name: Huber, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Economies of Scope
subject: Jointness
subject: economic-ecological programming model

description: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the jointness between agricultural production and ecosystem services using a spatial explicit economic-ecological programming model. Thereby, the consideration of non-agricultural competitors in the provision of ecosystem services allows a simultaneous assessment of economies of scope. A cost-effectiveness analysis for a case study region in Switzerland shows the least costs supplier of ecosystem services and spatial patterns in the supply for these services. Results imply strong jointness between agricultural production and the provision of ecosystem services. However, the potential for cost savings is considerable.
Determining the nuclear neutron distribution from Coherent Elastic neutrino-Nucleus Scattering: current results and future prospects
Creators: name: Coloma, Pilar
name: Esteban, Ivan
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Menendez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS), a process recently measured for the first time at ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source, is directly sensitive to the weak form factor of the nucleus. The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently under construction, will generate the most intense pulsed neutrino flux suitable for the detection of CE$ν$NS. In this paper we quantify its potential to determine the root mean square radius of the point-neutron distribution, for a variety of target nuclei and a suite of detectors. To put our results in context we also derive, for the first time, a constraint on this parameter from the analysis of the energy and timing data of the CsI detector at the COHERENT experiment.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Minor text changes and references added. Matches version accepted by JHEP
The role of the solar-based stand-alone microgrid to enhance environmental sustainability: A case study
Creators: name: Kiehbadroudinezhad, Mohammadali
name: Merabet, Adel
name: Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Homa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The present study aims to design, model, and optimize a desalination system integrated with solar energy in Larak Island, Iran, to determine the best size with the least cost, environmental damage, and maximum reliability using the division algorithm. The environmental impacts of designed configurationsare evaluated using the EcoInvent database and the IMPACT 2002 + method available in SimaPro software. This study shows that when the loss of power supply probability (LPSP) is 10%, the system has the least cost and environmental impact. Increasing water significantly increases costs and environmental impacts. A decrease in LPSP (%) leads to a significant cost increase and environmental impacts. The environmental assessment results of freshwater production by desalination integrated with the photovoltaic panel show that 1 m3 of freshwater leads, on average, to 4.83E-7 DALY (disability-adjusted life years) damage to human health, 0.157 PDF*m2*yr (potentially disappeared fraction of species per m2 per year) damage to ecosystem quality, 0.280 kg CO2 eq damage to climate change, and 4.614 MJ damage to resources (for LPSP from 2 to 10%). According to the results, the attachment of a diesel generator to desalination integrated with photovoltaic panels increases the damage to human health, climate change, resources, and ecosystem quality by 562%, 440%, 389%, and 144%, respectively.
Structure formation constraints on the Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory
Creators: name: Acquaviva, Viviana
name: Baccigalupi, Carlo
name: Leach, Samuel M.
name: Liddle, Andrew R.
name: Perrotta, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use cosmic microwave background data from WMAP, ACBAR, VSA and CBI, and galaxy power spectrum data from 2dF, to constrain flat cosmologies based on the Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. Using a parametrization based on ξ=1/4ω, and performing an exploration in the range \lnξ\in [-9,3], we obtain a 95% marginalized probability bound of \lnξ< -6.2, corresponding to a 95% marginalized probability lower bound on the Brans-Dicke parameter ω>120.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX. Updated to match version accepted by PRD. Significant updates. Headline constraint tightened to omega > 120 (95% conf) by improved statistical analysis
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF THE DUTCH NATURE CONSERVATION POLICY: DIRECT, INDIRECT EFFECTS AND TRANSACTION COSTS OF THE ECOLOGICAL MAIN STRUCTURE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Creators: name: Jongeneel, Roelof A.
name: Polman, Nico B.P.
name: Slangen, Louis H.G.
name: Jongeneel, Roelof A.
name: Polman, Nico B.P.
name: Slangen, Louis H.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: cost-benefit analysis
subject: transaction costs
subject: land market

description: The scattering of nature areas in the Netherlands and the increased demand for nature lead to a governmental project in 1990 to complete a network of nature favouring areas, the ecological main structure, in 2018. The financial and economic costs and benefits of this project were analysed. Targets for purchasing of agricultural land and conversion into nature were adjusted several times as the land price doubled between 1995 and 2000. The purchasing rate still has to double, which will probably drive up the land price even further. The alternative is long-term contracts with farmers or private landowners for nature conservation.
Magnetic-field generation in helical turbulence
Creators: name: Boldyrev, Stanislav
name: Cattaneo, Fausto
name: Rosner, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate analytically the amplification of a weak magnetic field in a homogeneous and isotropic turbulent flow lacking reflectional symmetry (helical turbulence). We propose that the spectral distributions of magnetic energy and magnetic helicity can be found as eigenmodes of a self-adjoint, Schrödinger-type system of evolution equations. We argue that large-scale and small-scale magnetic fluctuations cannot be effectively separated, and that the conventional alpha-model is, in general, not an adequate description of the large-scale dynamo mechanism. As a consequence, the correct numerical modeling of such processes should resolve magnetic fluctuations down to the very small, resistive scales.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 3 of Effects of a 16-week multimodal exercise program on gait performance in individuals with dementia: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Trautwein, Sandra
name: Barisch-Fritz, Bettina
name: Scharpf, Andrea
name: Ringhof, Steffen
name: Stein, Thorsten
name: Krell-Roesch, Janina
name: Woll, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Biodiesel and vegetable oil market in European Union: some evidences from threshold cointegration analysis
Creators: name: Peri, Massimo
name: Baldi, Lucia
name: Peri, Massimo
name: Baldi, Lucia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Vegetable oils market
subject: Biodiesel price
subject: Threshold cointegration.

description: In this paper we analyse the long-run relationships between vegetable oils prices and conventional diesel price in EU during the period 2005- 2007. We utilise recent developments on threshold cointegration approach to investigate if asymmetric dynamic adjusting processes exist among rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil and diesel prices. The results suggest that the two-regime threshold cointegration model exist only in favour of rapeseed oil-diesel price pair. Therefore, this vegetable oil price adjusts rapidly to its long run equilibrium, determined by fossil diesel prices, in an asymmetric manner when the divergence between the two prices is above a critical threshold. Consequently, rapeseed oil seems to be particularly exposed to exogenous shocks deriving from global political scenarios, suggesting to redefine the high quota (80%) of EU biodiesel produced by this vegetable oil through a sustainable development of international trade.
Sagnac Interferometry in a Slow-Light Medium
Creators: name: Purves, Graham T.
name: Adams, Charles S.
name: Hughes, Ifan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a Sagnac interferometer to measure the dispersive and absorptive properties of room temperature Rubidium vapor on the D_2 line at 780.2 nm. We apply a pump beam such that the resulting Lambda system exhibits Electromagnetically Induced Transparency. Using a "biased alignment" technique we demonstrate a direct and robust method of measuring the rapid variation in the refractive index. Such a "slow-light" Sagnac interferometer is ideally suited to precision measurement applications such as magnetometry and inertial sensing.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures
Dissipative quantum disordered models
Creators: name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reviews recent studies of mean-field and one dimensional quantum disordered spin systems coupled to different types of dissipative environments. The main issues discussed are: (i) The real-time dynamics in the glassy phase and how they compare to the behaviour of the same models in their classical limit. (ii) The phase transition separating the ordered -- glassy -- phase from the disordered phase that, for some long-range interactions, is of second order at high temperatures and of first order close to the quantum critical point (similarly to what has been observed in random dipolar magnets). (iii) The static properties of the Griffiths phase in random Ising chains. (iv) The dependence of all these properties on the environment. The analytic and numeric techniques used to derive these results are briefly mentioned.
description: Contribution to the 12th International Conference on Recent Progress in Many-Body Theories, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, August 2004; 10 pages no figs
Complexity Science for Simpletons
Creators: name: Feinstein, Craig Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: General Literature (cs.GL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.3; F.2.2

description: In this article, we shall describe some of the most interesting topics in the subject of Complexity Science for a general audience. Anyone with a solid foundation in high school mathematics (with some calculus) and an elementary understanding of computer programming will be able to follow this article. First, we shall explain the significance of the P versus NP problem and solve it. Next, we shall describe two other famous mathematics problems, the Collatz 3n+1 Conjecture and the Riemann Hypothesis, and show how both Chaitin's incompleteness theorem and Wolfram's notion of "computational irreducibility" are important for understanding why no one has, as of yet, solved these two problems.
description: 10 pages, made a minor correction
Identifying meaningful clusters in malware data
Creators: name: de Amorim, Renato Cordeiro
name: Ruiz, Carlos David Lopez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding meaningful clusters in drive-by-download malware data is a particularly difficult task. Malware data tends to contain overlapping clusters with wide variations of cardinality. This happens because there can be considerable similarity between malware samples (some are even said to belong to the same family), and these tend to appear in bursts. Clustering algorithms are usually applied to normalised data sets. However, the process of normalisation aims at setting features with different range values to have a similar contribution to the clustering. It does not favour more meaningful features over those that are less meaningful, an effect one should perhaps expect of the data pre-processing stage. In this paper we introduce a method to deal precisely with the problem above. This is an iterative data pre-processing method capable of aiding to increase the separation between clusters. It does so by calculating the within-cluster degree of relevance of each feature, and then it uses these as a data rescaling factor. By repeating this until convergence our malware data was separated in clear clusters, leading to a higher average silhouette width.
Geometry of classical Higgs fields
Creators: name: Sardanashvily, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In gauge theory, Higgs fields are responsible for spontaneous symmetry breaking. In classical gauge theory on a principal bundle P, a symmetry breaking is defined as the reduction of a structure group of this principal bundle to a subgroup H of exact symmetries. This reduction takes place iff there exists a global section of the quotient bundle P/H. It is a classical Higgs field. A metric gravitational field exemplifies such a Higgs field. We summarize the basic facts on the reduction in principal bundles and geometry of Higgs fields. Our goal is the particular covariant differential in the presence of a Higgs field.
description: 11 pages
The Impact of the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) on EU-China Relations: Navigating Compliance, Trade, and Technological Cooperation
Creators: name: Normann Latouche
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: blockchain
CSDDD

description: This article examines the impact of the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) on EU-China relations, particularly focusing on compliance with sustainability standards in global supply chains. The CSDDD introduces stringent requirements for companies operating in the EU to address environmental and human rights impacts throughout their value chains. Chinese suppliers, being significant players in EU supply chains, face challenges in aligning with these standards, yet the directive opens avenues for enhanced technological cooperation, such as blockchain, to foster greater transparency. This dynamic raises questions about potential trade tensions but also highlights opportunities for collaboration in technological innovation and sustainable practices.
Generate Country-Scale Networks of Interaction from Scattered Statistics
Creators: name: Thiriot, Samuel
name: Kant, Jean-Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.6; J.4; G.3

description: It is common to define the structure of interactions among a population of agents by a network. Most of agent-based models were shown highly sensitive to that network, so the relevance of simulation results directely depends on the descriptive power of that network. When studying social dynamics in large populations, that network cannot be collected, and is rather generated by algorithms which aim to fit general properties of social networks. However, more precise data is available at a country scale in the form of socio-demographic studies, census or sociological studies. These "scattered statistics" provide rich information, especially on agents' attributes, similar properties of tied agents and affiliations. In this paper, we propose a generic methodology to bring up together these scattered statistics with bayesian networks. We explain how to generate a population of heterogeneous agents, and how to create links by using both scattered statistics and knowledge on social selection processes. The methodology is illustrated by generating an interaction network for rural Kenya which includes familial structure, colleagues and friendship constrained given field studies and statistics.
description: 12 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2003.02213
Valuing the risk associated with willow and miscanthus relative to conventional agricultural systems
Creators: name: Clancy, Daragh
name: Breen, James P.
name: Butler, Anne Marie
name: Thorne, Fiona S.
name: Wallace, Michael T.
name: Clancy, Daragh
name: Breen, James P.
name: Butler, Anne Marie
name: Thorne, Fiona S.
name: Wallace, Michael T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Biomass
subject: SERF
subject: Risk Premium

description: The agronomic characteristics of willow and miscanthus make these crops highly susceptible to risk. This is particularly true in a country such as Ireland which has limited experience in the production of these crops. Issues such as soil and climate suitability have as yet to be resolved. The lengthy production lifespan of energy crops only serve to heighten the level of risk that affects key variables. The uncertainty surrounding the risk variables involved in producing willow and miscanthus, such as the annual yield level and the energy price, make it difficult to accurately calculate the returns of such a project. The returns from willow and miscanthus are compared with those of conventional agricultural enterprises using Stochastic Efficiency with Respect to a Function (SERF). A risk premium is calculated which farmers would need to be compensated with in order for them to be indifferent between their current enterprise and switching to biomass crop production. With the exception of spring barley, a risk premium is required if farmers are to be indifferent between their current enterprise and willow or miscanthus. The value of the risk premium required to entice farmers to switch to miscanthus production is significantly less than that required for willow. This suggests that a greater level of risk is associated with willow than with miscanthus.
The environmental feature in consumer purchasing preferences: The case of Genetically Modified foods
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Entrena, Macario
name: Sayadi, Samir
name: Rodriguez-Entrena, Macario
name: Sayadi, Samir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Genetically Modified Foods
subject: Consumers’ Preferences
subject: Conjoint Analysis.

description: Progress in Biotechnology (Gene Revolution) tends to be compared with that of the Green Revolution in the sixties and seventies. This process is developing in a context of increasing concern by the consumers for food safety and environmental conservation, stirring controversy in the scientific community and society about the potential benefits and possible risks of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). In this context, the purpose of the present study is to estimate consumer preferences in relation to genetically modified (GM) foods, emphasizing the relative importance of environmental attribute, to develop an understanding of the factors influencing consumer purchasing decisions.
Zeros of {-1,0,1}-power series and connectedness loci for self-affine sets
Creators: name: Shmerkin, P.
name: Solomyak, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 30B10

description: We consider the set W of double zeros in (0,1) for power series with coefficients in {-1,0,1}. We prove that W is disconnected, and estimate the minimum of W with high accuracy. We also show that [2^(-1/2)-e,1) is contained in W for some small, but explicit e>0 (this was only known for e=0). These results have applications in the study of infinite Bernoulli convolutions and connectedness properties of self-affine fractals.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Stock mechanics: a general theory and method of energy conservation with applications on DJIA
Creators: name: Tuncay, Caglar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A new method, based on the original theory of conservation of sum of kinetic and potential energy defined for prices is proposed and applied on Dow Jones Industrials Average (DJIA). The general trends averaged over months or years gave a roughly conserved total energy, with three different potential energies, i.e. positive definite quadratic, negative definite quadratic and linear potential energy for exponential rises (and falls), sinusoidal oscillations and parabolic trajectories, respectively. Corresponding expressions for force (impact) are also given. Keywords:
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, scehudled for IJMPC 17/ issue 6
Synthesis and characterization of novel ethyl levulinate coupled N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine multifunctional additive: oxidation stability and lubricity improver in biodiesel
Creators: name: Bhonsle, Aman Kumar
name: Faujdar, Ekta
name: Rawat, Neha
name: Singh, Raj Kumar
name: Singh, Jasvinder
name: Trivedi, Jayati
name: Atray, Neeraj
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Biodiesel is an emerging solution to petrodiesel owing to its high flash point, low toxicity, biodegradability, and less greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is still a problem for end-users due to poor oxidation stability and cold flow properties. However, biodiesel can be used as a lubricity improver in petrodiesel, but high dosages of biodiesel may be cost-intensive. Multifunctional additives can provide a robust solution to the said challenge. We report herein the Schiff base ethyl levulinate coupled with N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (EL-NPPD) as multifunctional additive, viz. antioxidant and lubricity enhancer for the biodiesel. The additive was synthesized in two steps: ethyl levulinate (EL) production followed by imine formation. The final product was characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The antioxidant properties of the synthesized additive were checked in terms of induction time using Rancimat as per EN14112 methods. At the 1000 ppm concentration, the induction period value of 7.94 ± 0.6 was observed. Further, as the concentration increased, induction time got increased. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential was checked with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition-based method in which different concentrations of additive ranging from 1000 to 5000 ppm were used against commercial antioxidants. As concentration increased to 4000 ppm, % inhibition values got increased by 15%, which showed better antioxidant activity of EL-NPPD. Similarly, the lubricity tests were performed using the HFRR test in which additive ranging from 1000 to 2000 ppm was used, and the average wear scar diameter (AWSD) was significantly reduced from 258 ± 11 to 248 ± 10, i.e. around 5% reduction than neat biodiesel sample.
A thick-disk galaxy model and simulations of equal-mass galaxy pair collisions
Creators: name: Arreaga-Garcia, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a numerical model reported in the literature to simulate the evolution of a galaxy composed of four matter components, such as: a dark-matter halo; a rotating disk of stars; a spherical bulge of stars and a ring of molecular gas. We show that the evolution of this galaxy model is stable at least for 10 Gyr (Gyr=$10^{9}$ years). We characterize the resulting configuration of this galaxy model by figures of the circular velocity and angular momentum distribution; the tangential and radial components of the velocity; the peak density evolution and the radial density profile. Additionally, we calculate several models of equal-mass galaxy binary collisions, such as: (i) frontal and (ii) oblique (with an impact parameter), (iii) two models with initial conditions taken from a 2-body orbits and (iv) a very close passage. To allow comparison with the galaxy model, we characterize the dynamics of the collision models in an analogous way. Finally, we determine the de Vaucouleurs fitting curves of the radial density profile, on a radial scale of 0-100 kpc, for all the collision models irrespective of the pre-collision trajectory. To study the radial mass density and radial surface density profiles at a smaller radial scale, 0-20 kpc, we use a four-parameters fitting curve.
description: accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Is non-Gaussianity sufficient to produce long-range volatile correlations?
Creators: name: Nagarajan, Radhakrishnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling analysis of the magnitude series (volatile series) has been proposed recently to identify possible nonlinear/multifractal signatures in the given data [1-3]. In this letter, correlations of volatile series generated from stationary first-order linear feedback process with Gaussian and non-Gaussian innovations are investigated. While volatile correlations corresponding to Gaussian innovations exhibited uncorrelated behavior across all time scales, those of non-Gaussian innovations showed significant deviation from uncorrelated behavior even at large time scales. The results presented raise the intriguing question whether non-Gaussian innovations can be sufficient to realize long-range volatile correlations.
description: 17 Pages, 6 Figures, Physica A
Three-flavour effects and CP- and T-violation in neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Akhmedov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some theoretical aspects of 3-flavour (3f) neutrino oscillations are reviewed. These include: general properties of 3f oscillation probabilities; matter effects in ν_μ\leftrightarrow ν_τoscillations; 3f effects in oscillations of solar, atmospheric, reactor and supernova neutrinos and in accelerator long-baseline experiments; CP and T violation in neutrino oscillations in vacuum and in matter, and the problem of U_{e3}.
description: Invited talk given at the Nobel Symposium 129 -- Neutrino Physics, Haga Slott, Enkoping, Sweden, August 19-24, 2004. v2: minor improvements to the text and fig. 3
Hadronic light-by-light contribution to $(g-2)_μ$ from lattice QCD with SU(3) flavor symmetry
Creators: name: Chao, En-Hung
name: Gérardin, Antoine
name: Green, Jeremy R.
name: Hudspith, Renwick J.
name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a lattice QCD calculation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to $(g-2)_μ$ at the SU(3) flavor-symmetric point $m_π=m_K\simeq 420\,$MeV. The representation used is based on coordinate-space perturbation theory, with all QED elements of the relevant Feynman diagrams implemented in continuum, infinite Euclidean space. As a consequence, the effect of using finite lattices to evaluate the QCD four-point function of the electromagnetic current is exponentially suppressed. Thanks to the SU(3)-flavor symmetry, only two topologies of diagrams contribute, the fully connected and the leading disconnected. We show the equivalence in the continuum limit of two methods of computing the connected contribution, and introduce a sparse-grid technique for computing the disconnected contribution. Thanks to our previous calculation of the pion transition form factor, we are able to correct for the residual finite-size effects and extend the tail of the integrand. We test our understanding of finite-size effects by using gauge ensembles differing only by their volume. After a continuum extrapolation based on four lattice spacings, we obtain $a_μ^{\rm hlbl} = (65.4\pm 4.9 \pm 6.6)\times 10^{-11}$, where the first error results from the uncertainties on the individual gauge ensembles and the second is the systematic error of the continuum extrapolation. Finally, we estimate how this value will change as the light-quark masses are lowered to their physical values.
description: 19 figures, 39 pages; improved references, in particular concerning the eta exchange; no figures or results changed
Ram pressure stripping of disc galaxies: The role of the inclination angle
Creators: name: Roediger, E.
name: Brueggen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 3D hydrodynamical simulations of ram pressure stripping of massive disc galaxies in clusters. Studies of galaxies that move face-on have predicted that in such a geometry the galaxy can lose a substantial amount of its interstellar medium. But only a small fraction of galaxies is moving face-on. Therefore, in this work we focus on a systematic study of the effect of the inclination angle between the direction of motion and the galaxy's rotation axis. In agreement with some previous works, we find that the inclination angle does not play a major role for the mass loss as long as the galaxy is not moving close to edge-on. We can predict this behaviour by extending Gunn & Gott's estimate of the stripping radius, which is valid for face-on geometries, to moderate inclinations. The inclination plays a role as long as the ram pressure is comparable to pressures in the galactic plane, which can span two orders of magnitude. For very strong ram pressures, the disc will be stripped completely, and for very weak ram pressures, mass loss is negligible independent of inclination. We show that in non-edge-on geometries the stripping proceeds remarkably similar. A major difference between different inclinations is the degree of asymmetry introduced in the remaining gas disc. We demonstrate that the tail of gas stripped from the galaxy does not necessarily point in a direction opposite to the galaxy's direction of motion. Therefore, the observation of a galaxy's gas tail may be misleading about the galaxy's direction of motion.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS. pdf version with high resolution figures available at http://www.faculty.iu-bremen.de/eroediger/PLOTLINKS/eroediger_rps.pdf
Karpography: a generic concept of quality for chain analysis and knowledge transfer in supply chains
Creators: name: McRoberts, Neil
name: McRoberts, Neil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Quality
subject: modelling
subject: matrix model
subject: variance
subject: supply chain
subject: probability

description: As with other areas of science, supply chain analysis suffers from the fact that practitioners of its different component disciplines often find it exchange results and methods of analysis. For fresh produce supply chains a key issue is how to unite the elegant mathematical work on the physiology of quality change with the more qualitative methods of social science that are applied to the analysis supply chain management. This paper explores the possibility of utilising approaches which are widely used in demography to unify concepts of quality modelling and supply chain efficiency in the fresh produce sector. A key feature of demographic (or karpographic) models is that they use the average properties of individuals to model the behaviour of cohorts (or batches) and thus have a direct means of including biological variance within their scope. We illustrate the potential of matrix projection models to provide a simple way to unite mathematical analyses of keeping quality and subjective and qualitative analyses of supply chain efficiency. Among other results, the paper demonstrates a rational basis for the assumption, which has been adopted in recent policy changes to the EU food and agriculture policy, that short (or local) supply chains are, ceterus paribus, superior to longer ones. The analytical approach suggested spans the gap between theoretical modelling and knowledge transfer in a single step and requires no more to allow parameterisation than the elicitation of subjective probability estimates from supply chain participants on the transition of produce from one quality class to another.
A study of LOCC-detection of a maximally entangled state using hypothesis testing
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
name: Matsumoto, Keiji
name: Tsuda, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how well answer to the question ``Is the given quantum state equal to a certain maximally entangled state?'' using LOCC, in the context of hypothesis testing. Under several locality and invariance conditions, optimal tests will be derived for several special cases by using basic theory of group representations. Some optimal tests are realized by performing quantum teleportation and checking whether the state is teleported. We will also give a finite process for realizing some optimal tests. The performance of the tests will be numerically compared.
title:  HORSE CALLED JUST WHAT YOU'RE LOOKING FOR
Creators: name: Arden, Katherine
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 6.2
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This collection, HORSE CALLED JUST WHAT YOU’RE LOOKING FOR, is comprised of concise, confessional poems that disarm and gain access to readers through surprising absurdism and sharp humor. This collection focuses partially on puberty and the intense transition from girlhood to womanhood. In tandem with my exploration of how maturation ultimately pits our yearning quests for identity against ever-encroaching societal norms, I also aim to investigate the porous boundary between sanity and insanity, and what happens when we cross that boundary—or straddle it. I aim for an ambiguous number of speakers in this collection—at times it may appear that all the poems have the same central speaker, but at others, an abrupt turn in tone or diction may prompt readers to question this assumption. My goal with this confusion is to force readers to investigate the sometimes reflexive relationship between victim and perpetrator; between adult and child; between subject and authority. I want to pull at the threads of cycles of violence and addiction without ever fully playing my hand.
description: © 2024 Katherine Arden
A finite element method for modelling electromechanical wave propagation in anisotropic piezoelectric media
Creators: name: Rahman, S.
name: Langtangen, H. P.
name: Barnes, C. H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe and evaluate a numerical solution strategy for simulating surface acoustic waves through semiconductor devices with complex geometries. This multi-physics problem is of particular relevance to the design of quantum electronic devices. The mathematical model consists of two coupled partial differential equations for the elastic wave propagation and the electric field, respectively, in anisotropic piezoelectric media. These equations are discretized by the finite element method in space and by a finite difference method in time. The latter method yields a convenient numerical decoupling of the governing equations. We describe how a computer implementation can utilize the decoupling and via object-oriented programming techniques reuse independent codes for the Poisson equation and the linear time-dependent elasticity equation. First we apply the simulator to a simplified model problem for verifying the implementation, and thereafter we show that the methodology is capable of simulating a real-world case from nanotechnology, involving surface acoustic waves in a geometrically non-trivial device made of Gallium Arsenide.
Co-regulation and voluntarism in the provision of food safety: lessons from institutional economics
Creators: name: Hussain, Salman
name: Hussain, Salman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: co-regulation
subject: strategic behaviour
subject: food safety
subject: ex ante regulation
subject: institutional economics

description: Traditional regulation in the food safety domain has been in the form of mandatory, inflexible food safety controls that are applied to firms. There has been a trend away from this regulatory paradigm towards more co-regulation and self-regulation by industry. This paper investigates the potential for systemic failure in the provision of safe food that might arise as a consequence of this new regulatory paradigm. These systemic failures occur owing to the fact that the food safety outcome depends on the behaviour of the three sets of agents (firms, consumers and the regulator). These populations of agents have generally been treated in the literature as homogeneous in terms of their behaviour and strategies. Further, the actions taken by any one agent are assumed to be independent of those taken by others. The institutional economics model that is developed assumes heterogeneity and inter-agent strategic interactions. Given this (more realistic) depiction of behaviour, instances of potential regulatory inefficiencies arise . In particular, the model challenges the trend towards voluntarism and self-regulation.
Additional file 1 of SFRP1 increases TMPRSS2-ERG expression promoting neoplastic features in prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo
Creators: name: Cruz-Hernández, Carlos D.
name: Cruz-Burgos, Marian
name: Cortés-Ramírez, Sergio A.
name: Losada-García, Alberto
name: Camacho-Arroyo, Ignacio
name: García-López, Patricia
name: Langley, Elizabeth
name: González-Covarrubias, Vanessa
name: Llaguno-Munive, Monserrat
name: Albino-Sánchez, Martha E.
name: Cruz-Colín, José L.
name: Pérez-Plasencia, Carlos
name: Beltrán-Anaya, Fredy O.
name: Rodríguez-Dorantes, Mauricio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.Figures S1–S4. Figure S1: Cell viability in LNCaP and VCaP cells treated with DHT hormone. Figure S2: Apoptosis plots of VCaP cells treated with SFRP1. Figure S3: Western Blot of E-cadherin and N-cadherin in VCaP cells treated with SFRP1. Figure S4: Immunoreactive score of IHC signal for Ki67 proliferation’s marker from VCaP xenografts treated with SFRP1.