cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: CSAs are more than a Savings Platform
Creators: name: Elliott, William
name: Elliott, William
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Children's Savings Accounts
subject: Financial independence
subject: Institutional Change Framework
subject: Automatic Enrollment
subject: Multiple Streams of Assets
subject: Assets
subject: Poverty
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social Sciences

description: The goal of the Financial Independence policy conference held on September 16 and 17, 2024 in Washington, D.C. was to bring together experts from the asset and income fields to share theory, evidence, and best practices. The conference was divided into four sessions. The first two sessions were on Children’s Savings Accounts and Baby Bonds, the asset arm of the conference. The third session focused on the income arm. More specifically, it focused on Unconditional Cash Transfers, the Child Tax Credit, and Child Allowances. The final session focused on why solving poverty requires both asset and income proponents to come together. This policy brief is part of the Children’s Savings Account session.
description: In this talk I want to make the point that CSAs have become much more than a financial vehicle for individuals to save in. This matters. First, it matters for understanding how to assess whether CSA programs are effective. Second, it matters for combating the myth that building wealth through CSAs continues to be primarily about personal saving. This myth has placed a roadblock between CSA and Baby Bonds movements being able to coalesce around a common financial infrastructure for building wealth for children and their families.
Bound states in a 2D short range potential induced by spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Chaplik, A. V.
name: Magarill, L. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered an unexpected and surprising fact: a 2D axially symmetric short-range potential contains {\it infinite} number of the levels of negative energy {\it if one takes into account the spin-orbit (SO) interaction.} For a shallow well ($m_eU_0R^2/\hbar^2 \ll 1$, where $m_e$ is the effective mass, $U_0$ and $R$ are the depth and the radius of the well, correspondingly) and weak SO coupling ($|α|m_eR/\hbar \ll 1$, $α$ is the SO coupling constant) exactly one two-fold degenerate bound state exists for each value of the half-integer moment $j=m+1/2$, and the corresponding binding energy $E_m$ extremely rapidly decreases with increasing $m$.
description: 7.5 pages, 2 figures, figures and captions corrected, one reference added
An Extremely Bright QSO at $z=2.89$
Creators: name: Jeram, Sarik
name: Gonzalez, Anthony
name: Eikenberry, Stephen
name: Stern, Daniel
name: de Oliveira, Claudia Lucia Mendes
name: Nakazono, Lilianne Mariko Izuti
name: Ackley, Kendall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery and confirmation of a bright quasi-stellar object (QSO), 2MASS J13260399+7023462, at $z=2.889$. This QSO is the first spectroscopically confirmed candidate from an ongoing search using the combination of Gaia and WISE photometry to identify bright QSOs at $z>2$, the redshift regime for which the Lyman-$α$ forest is accessible with ground-based facilities. With a Gaia apparent magnitude $G=16.07$, 2MASS J13260399+7023462 is one of the brightest QSOs known at $z>2$, with only 15 currently known brighter QSOs. Given its inferred $M_{1450,AB}$ magnitude and redshift, it is among the most luminous objects in the Universe; the inferred black hole mass and corresponding Eddington ratio are ($2.7 \pm 0.4$) $\times$ 10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$ and $1.3 \pm 0.3$, respectively. Follow-up Hubble observations confirm it is not gravitationally lensed.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in ApJ
PERIODISMO CULTURAL, LITERATURA Y SOCIEDAD
Creators: name: ARRAEZ-BETANCORT, ROSA MARÍA, ROSA MARÍA
name: JENSEN-CASADO, ELVIRA, ELVIRA
name: PASCUAL-PEREZ, CAROLINA, CAROLINA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Esta investigación permitió asentar conocimientos básicos para periodistas especializados en cultura, y en concreto en literatura, en un contexto postmoderno todavía en auge. A las características propias del periodismo cultural y literario, y de la cultura entendida como un todo desde una perspectiva sociológica y antropológica y de la cultura como arte, se añadieron las propias de la postmodernidad y el postmodernismo cultural. Pero también se incide en la crisis de la postmodernidad y en la crisis periodística postmoderna que influye en los contenidos difundidos.

El género de la entrevista literaria se puso en el foco de la investigación porque tanto literatos, entrevistados, como periodistas, entrevistadores, están presentes en la difusión de mensajes y enfoques sobre la cultura y la sociedad postmodernas. Y los titulares permiten un primer acercamiento a su obtención puesto que reflejan un mensaje del entrevistado y una decisión periodística. Los resultados obtenidos constatan la presencia de la cultura literaria y el postmodernismo literario de una manera más o menos especializada dependiendo del periódico analizado. Pero estos titulares, por decisión periodística, se dedican mayoritariamente a la visión de los literatos sobre la sociedad postmoderna, manifestando la presencia de una sociedad violenta y una política corrupta. Con esta aportación, se invita a la reflexión periodística sobre su papel y poder en la difusión de la cultura.
Recovery of the orbital parameters and pulse evolution of V0332+53 during a huge outburst
Creators: name: Zhang, Shu
name: Qu, JinLu
name: Song, LiMing
name: Torres, Diego F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) V0332+53 became active at the end of 2004 and the outburst was observed at hard X-rays by RXTE and INTEGRAL. Based on these hard X-ray observations, the orbital parameters are measured through fitting the Doppler-shifted spin periods. The derived orbital period and eccentricity are consistent with those of Stella et al. (1985) obtained from EXOSAT observations, whereas the projected semimajor axis and the periastron longitude are found to have changed from 48$\pm$4 to 86$^{+6}_{-10}$ lt-s and from 313$^{\circ}$$\pm$10 to 283$^{\circ}$$\pm$14, respectively. This would indicate an angular speed of $\geq$ 1.5$^{\circ}$$\pm$0.8 yr$^{-1}$ for rotation of the orbit over the past 21 years. The periastron passage time of MJD 53367$\pm$1 is just around the time when the intensity reached maximum and an orbital period earlier is the time when the outburst started. This correlation resembles the behavior of a Type I outburst. During outburst the source spun up with a rate of 8.01$^{+1.00}_{-1.14}$$\times10^{-6}$ s day$^{-1}$. The evolution of pulse profile is highly intensity dependent. The separation of double pulses remained almost constant ($\sim$ 0.47) when the source was bright, and dropped to 0.37 within $\leq$ 3 days as the source became weaker. The pulse evolution of V0332+53 may correlate to the change in dominance of the emission between fan-beam and pencil-beam mechanisms.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Predicting of Equity Premium Empirical Evidence from PEG Models.pdf
Creators: name: Rahmani, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150103 Financial Accounting
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Pricing of financial assets and identify important risk factors is one of the fundamental issues of finance theory. In this study, using insights of CAPM and three-factor model (Fama and French, 1993), PEG and four-factor models was developed. Using financial data of 270 companies traded in TSE during the beginning of 2006 to the end of 2014, three-stage methodology and the portfolio study methodology used to calculate the risk factor. The results show that first, there are inverse size effects, inverse value effects and PEG effects, second, PEG model cannot explain stock risk premium, But the four-factor model compared with other models, has higher power for explaining of the risk premium. Market participants can use these results to improve investment performance and academics recommended that test models of the study.
On Aggregation in Ensembles of Multilabel Classifiers
Creators: name: Nguyen, Vu-Linh
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
name: Rapp, Michael
name: Mencía, Eneldo Loza
name: Fürnkranz, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While a variety of ensemble methods for multilabel classification have been proposed in the literature, the question of how to aggregate the predictions of the individual members of the ensemble has received little attention so far. In this paper, we introduce a formal framework of ensemble multilabel classification, in which we distinguish two principal approaches: "predict then combine" (PTC), where the ensemble members first make loss minimizing predictions which are subsequently combined, and "combine then predict" (CTP), which first aggregates information such as marginal label probabilities from the individual ensemble members, and then derives a prediction from this aggregation. While both approaches generalize voting techniques commonly used for multilabel ensembles, they allow to explicitly take the target performance measure into account. Therefore, concrete instantiations of CTP and PTC can be tailored to concrete loss functions. Experimentally, we show that standard voting techniques are indeed outperformed by suitable instantiations of CTP and PTC, and provide some evidence that CTP performs well for decomposable loss functions, whereas PTC is the better choice for non-decomposable losses.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Winkler, Dietmar W.: Koptische Kirche und Reichskirche
Creators: name: Bruns, Peter
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 83 (1999): Oriens christianus, Band 83
Air purifiers improve rhinitis quality of life and perception of sleep quality in asthma patients - Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Kadalayil, Latha
name: Lowther, Scott
name: Fong, Wei Chern Gavin
name: Nicolas, Frédéric
name: Potter, Stephen
name: Larsson, Maria
name: Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh
name: Arshad, Syed Hasan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: DYSON air purifier; rhinitis, sleep; clinical trial; repeated measures; quality of life

description: Air purifiers improve rhinitis quality of life and perception of sleep quality in people with asthma - Supplementary Tables and Figures

 

Author Affiliations:

Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.

Dyson Technology Limited, Tetbury Hill, Malmesbury, Wiltshire, SN16 0RP.

David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom.

NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD.
Use of green fluorescent protein to mark hypoxic tumour cells
Creators: name: Lange, Arney Harry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objectives: The lack of oxygen in regions of many solid tumours has been shown to promote metastasis and genomic instability and is also associated with poor response to radiotherapy and some chemotherapy agents. The goal of this thesis was to develop and characterize a mouse xenograft tumour model that could be used to rapidly identify viable hypoxic cells. This model could then be applied in subsequent studies to evaluate therapies directed towards eradicating these resistant cells. Methods: A hypoxia reporter plasmid was constructed and transfected into SiHa human cervical carcinoma cells. The plasmid contained four hypoxia response elements (HRE's) upstream from the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter that was used to drive expression of the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Upregulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was measured using Western blotting, and fluorescence activated cell sorting was used to verify that GFP expressing cells were resistant to radiation and able to bind the hypoxia marker pimonidazole. Results: SiHa cells showed increased expression of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. SiHa tumour cells were transfected and selected for their ability to express GFP under hypoxic conditions. Frozen sections showed that GFP expression was maximum for cells distant from tumour blood vessels. Cells sorted on the basis of high levels of GFP fluorescence were more resistant to killing by ionizing radiation, consistent with the known radioresistance of hypoxic tumour cells. Highly GFP positive tumour cells also bound significantly higher levels of the hypoxia marker pimonidazole. Conclusions: A stable human tumour cell transfectant was identified that preferentially expressed green fluorescent protein under hypoxic conditions. Cell sorting confirmed that highly GFP positive cells were more radioresistant and more likely to bind a hypoxia marker. Future studies could use this model and other hypoxia driven gene constructs for hypoxic cell killing.
Air purifiers improve rhinitis quality of life and perception of sleep quality in asthma patients - Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Kadalayil, Latha
name: Lowther, Scott
name: Fong, Wei Chern Gavin
name: Nicolas, Frédéric
name: Potter, Stephen
name: Larsson, Maria
name: Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh
name: Arshad, Syed Hasan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DYSON air purifier; rhinitis, sleep; clinical trial; repeated measures; quality of life

description: Air purifiers improve rhinitis quality of life and perception of sleep quality in people with asthma - Supplementary Tables and Figures Author Affiliations: Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. Dyson Technology Limited, Tetbury Hill, Malmesbury, Wiltshire, SN16 0RP. David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom. NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD.
Slow viscoelastic relaxation and aging in aqueous foam
Creators: name: Vincent-Bonnieu, S.
name: Höhler, R.
name: Cohen-Addad, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Like emulsions, pastes and many other forms of soft condensed matter, aqueous foams present slow mechanical relaxations when subjected to a stress too small to induce any plastic flow. To identify the physical origin of this viscoelastic behaviour, we have simulated how dry disordered coarsening 2D foams respond to a small applied stress. We show that the mechanism of long time relaxation is driven by coarsening induced rearrangements of small bubble clusters. These findings are in full agreement with a scaling law previously derived from experimental creep data for 3D foams. Moreover, we find that the temporal statistics of coarsening induced bubble rearrangements are described by a Poisson process.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Integrating Multifunctionality of Agriculture in Regional Land Use Concepts
Creators: name: Ahrens, Heinz
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Ahrens, Heinz
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: multi-criteria analysis
subject: multifunctionality of agriculture
subject: regional land-use concepts

description: Because of high population density in Europe agriculture cannot define its aims on its own but has to take account of quite a number of demands from different actors. For instance, agriculture is expected to produce food and at the same time to contribute to the protection of cultural landscapes and the maintenance of ecological services. However, land use concepts are often formulated ecology-oriented neglectingsocio-economic objectives and potential production responses of farmers. The present paper is aimed to illustrate how multi-criteria analysis can be used to transform a primarily ecology-oriented land use concept for an ecologically very sensitive region into a more integrative and comprehensive one that makes due allowance for socio-economic objectives and farmers' response. The results of our study show that production responses of farmers decisively influence the utility society obtains from land use. Multi-criteria analysis helps to assess the trade-off between 'ecology' and 'economy' and shows how the integration of socio-economic objectives can contribute to the maintenance of incomes and employment without overly harming the attainment of ecological objectives. Our results clearly suggest which farmer production responses should be supported by private organisations and government bodies. Consequently the results can serve as a basis for a local policy programme and can thereby contribute to a regionalisation of agri-environmental measures.
The different flavors of extragalactic jets: the role of relativistic flow deceleration
Creators: name: Rossi, P.
name: Bodo, G.
name: Massaglia, S.
name: Capetti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform three-dimensional numerical simulations of relativistic (with a Lorentz factor of 10), non magnetized jets propagating in a uniform density environment, in order to study the effect of the entrainment and the consequent deceleration. Our simulations investigate the jet propagation inside the galaxy core, where, most likely, the deceleration occurs more efficiently. We compare cases with different density and pressure ratios with respect to the ambient medium finding that low density jets are efficiently decelerated and reach a quasi steady state in which, over a length of 600 jet radii, slow down from highly to sub-relativistic velocities. At the opposite, denser jets keep highly relativistic velocity over the same length. We discuss these results in relation to the Faranoff Riley (FR) radio-sources classification. We infer that lower density jets can give rise to FR 0 and FR I radio-sources, while higher density jets may be connected to FR II radio-sources.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures, A&A accepted
Quark-Hadron Duality and Parity Violating Asymmetry of Electroweak Reactions in the Delta Region
Creators: name: Matsui, K.
name: Sato, T.
name: Lee, T. -S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamical model of electroweak pion production reactions in the Delta(1232) region has been extended to include the neutral current contributions for examining the local Quark-Hadron Duality in neutrino-induced reactions and for investigating how the axial N-Delta form factor can be determined by the parity violating asymmetry of N(\vec{e},e') reactions. We first show that the recent data of (e,e') structure functions F_1 and F_2, which exhibit the Quark-Hadron Duality, are in good agreement with our predictions. For possible future experimental tests, we then predict that the structure functions F_1, F_2, and F_3 for (ν,e) and (ν,ν') processes also show the similar Quark-Hadron Duality. The spin dependent structure functions g_1 and g_2 of (e,e') have also been calculated from our model. It is found that the local Quark-Hadron Duality is not seen in the calculated g_1 and g_2, while our results for g_1 and some polarization observables associated with the exclusive p(\vec{e},e' pi) and \vec{p}(\vec{e},e' pi) reactions are in reasonably good agreement with the recent data. In the investigation of parity violating asymmetry A of N(\vec{e},e') reactions, it is found that the non-resonant contribution is small at the Delta peak and a measurement of A can be used to distinguish two previously determined axial N-Delta transition form factors. The predicted asymmetry A are also compared with the Parton Model predictions for future experimental investigations of Quark-Hadron Duality.
description: 28 pages, 19 figures v2; figures and references added
Comparative Analysis of the Impact of World Bank Root and Tuber Expansion Programme on Poverty Alleviation of Peri-Urban and Rural Communities in Benue State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Ater, P.I.
name: Umeh, Joseph Chinedu
name: Lawal, W.L.
name: Ater, P.I.
name: Umeh, Joseph Chinedu
name: Lawal, W.L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: World Bank
subject: Poverty Reduction programme valued output
subject: Discriminant Function

description: This study examined in 2005 t he impact of World Bank Expanded Programme for Root and Tuber Production (RTEP) on the poverty alleviation of peri-urban and rural communities in Benue State, Nigeria. It aimed at delineating causal effect disparity in poverty alleviation of two major producer communities. Data were collected from two hundred and eight (208) respondent s randomly drawn from ten (10) typically rural and ten (10) peri-urban communities. Simple descriptive statistics (percentages) and discriminant function analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The discriminant function was fitted on the poverty alleviation score to analyze causal and effect relationship. The study found disparities in valued output, quality of life, income and a homogeneous non-significant age disparity in both rural and peri-urban root and tuber crops producer communities. Major contributors to t he poverty alleviation were: Income realized from market able surplus (X3), distance in kilometers to the nearest urban market of best sales (X1), the kilometer distance traveled to evacuate produce (X2), with 5 5%, 15% and 10% contributions respectively in that sequence to the tot al discriminant score(Z) of 87%. Other contributory indicators were average revenue receipt per unit of root and tuber in the best market (X4), quality of life score (X5) and mobility score (X6). The study recommends that developing nations should re-focus their policy framework to provide better markets and marketing opportunities as well as improved transportation and communication infrastructures for the typically rural to accelerate poverty alleviation.
Bandit Problems with Side Observations
Creators: name: Wang, Chih-Chun
name: Kulkarni, Sanjeev R.
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An extension of the traditional two-armed bandit problem is considered, in which the decision maker has access to some side information before deciding which arm to pull. At each time t, before making a selection, the decision maker is able to observe a random variable X_t that provides some information on the rewards to be obtained. The focus is on finding uniformly good rules (that minimize the growth rate of the inferior sampling time) and on quantifying how much the additional information helps. Various settings are considered and for each setting, lower bounds on the achievable inferior sampling time are developed and asymptotically optimal adaptive schemes achieving these lower bounds are constructed.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures. To be published in the IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Beam damage of single semiconductor nanowires during X-ray nano beam diffraction experiments
Creators: name: AlHassan, Ali
name: Lähnemann, Jonas
name: Davtyan, Arman
name: Al-Humaidi, Mahmoud
name: Herranz, Jesús
name: Bahrami, Danial
name: Anjum, Taseer
name: Bertram, Florian
name: Dey, Arka Bikash
name: Geelhaar, Lutz
name: Pietsch, Ullrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoprobe X-ray diffraction (nXRD) using focused synchrotron radiation is a powerful technique to study the structural properties of individual semiconductor nanowires. However, when performing the experiment under ambient conditions, the required high X-ray dose and prolonged exposure times can lead to radiation damage. To unveil the origin of radiation damage, we compare nXRD experiments carried out on individual semiconductor nanowires in their as grown geometry both under ambient conditions and under He atmosphere at the microfocus station of the P08 beamline at the 3rd generation source PETRA III. Using an incident X-ray beam energy of 9 keV and photon flux of 10$^{10}$s$^{-1}$, the axial lattice parameter and tilt of individual GaAs/In$_{0.2}$Ga$_{0.8}$As/GaAs core-shell nanowires were monitored by continuously recording reciprocal space maps of the 111 Bragg reflection at a fixed spatial position over several hours. In addition, the emission properties of the (In,Ga)As quantum well, the atomic composition of the exposed nanowires and the nanowire morphology are studied by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively, both prior to and after nXRD exposure. Nanowires exposed under ambient conditions show severe optical and morphological damage, which was reduced for nanowires exposed under He atmosphere. The observed damage can be largely attributed to an oxidation process from X-ray induced ozone reactions in air. Due to the lower heat transfer coefficient compared to GaAs, this oxide shell limits the heat transfer through the nanowire side facets, which is considered as the main channel of heat dissipation for nanowires in the as-grown geometry.
Cost Efficient Tillage and Rotation Options for Mitigating GHG Emissions from Agriculture in Eastern Canada
Creators: name: Meyer-Aurich, Andreas
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Janovicek, Ken
name: Deen, Bill
name: Meyer-Aurich, Andreas
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Janovicek, Ken
name: Deen, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The economic efficiency of cropping options to mitigate GHG emissions with agriculture in Eastern Canada was analyzed. Data on yield response to tillage (moldboard plow and chisel plow) and six corn based rotations were obtained from a 20-year field experiment in Ontario. Budgets were constructed for each cropping system while GHG emissions were measured for soil carbon and were estimated for nitrous oxide according to IPCC methodology. Complex crop rotations with legumes, such as corn-corn-soybeans-wheat with red clover underseeded, have higher net returns and substantially (more than 1 Mg ha-1 year-1) lower GHG emissions than continuous corn. Reduced tillage reduces GHG emissions due to lower input use but no sequestration effect could be found in the soil from tillage. Rotation had a much bigger effect on the mitigation potential of GHG emissions than tillage. However, opportunity costs of more than $200 per Mg CO2 eq ha-1 year-1 indicate the limits to increase the mitigation potential beyond the level of the economic best cropping system.
QED Effects in Heavy Few-Electron Ions
Creators: name: Shabaev, V. M.
name: Andreev, O. V.
name: Artemyev, A. N.
name: Baturin, S. S.
name: Elizarov, A. A.
name: Kozhedub, Y. S.
name: Oreshkina, N. S.
name: Tupitsyn, I. I.
name: Yerokhin, V. A.
name: Zherebtsov, O. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate calculations of the binding energies, the hyperfine splitting, the bound-electron g-factor, and the parity nonconservation effects in heavy few-electron ions are considered. The calculations include the relativistic, quantum electrodynamic (QED), electron-correlation, and nuclear effects. The theoretical results are compared with available experimental data. A special attention is focused on tests of QED in a strong Coulomb field.
description: 28 pages, 6 tables, 5 figures
Hawking-Moss transition with a black hole seed
Creators: name: Gregory, Ruth
name: Moss, Ian G
name: Oshita, Naritaka
name: Patrick, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the the concept of Hawking-Moss, or up-tunnelling, transitions in the early universe to include black hole seeds. The black hole greatly enhances the decay amplitude, however, order to have physically consistent results, we need to impose a new condition (automatically satisfied for the original Hawking-Moss instanton) that the cosmological horizon area should not increase during tunnelling. We motivate this conjecture physically in two ways. First, we look at the energetics of the process, using the formalism of extended black hole thermodynamics; secondly, we extend the stochastic inflationary formalism to include primordial black holes. Both of these methods give a physical substantiation of our conjecture.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
title: Inclusive Children’s Accounts: Toward Lifelong Asset Building for All
Creators: name: Sherraden, Michael
name: Clancy, Margaret
name: Huang, Jin
name: Shanks, Trina
name: Elliott, William
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Children's Development Accounts
subject: SEED for Oklahoma Kids
subject: SEED OK
subject: Children's Savings Accounts
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social Sciences

description: The goal of the Financial Independence policy conference held on September 16 and 17, 2024 in Washington, D.C. was to bring together experts from the asset and income fields to share theory, evidence, and best practices. The conference was divided into four sessions. The first two sessions were on Children’s Savings Accounts and Baby Bonds, the asset arm of the conference. The third session focused on the income arm. More specifically, it focused on Unconditional Cash Transfers, the Child Tax Credit, and Child Allowances. The final session focused on why solving poverty requires both asset and income proponents to come together. This policy brief is part of the Children’s Savings Account session.
description: Our greatest resources are our children and our capacity to work together. In this context, the key to a successful future—for ourselves and the planet—is developing everyone to the fullest possible extent. Clarity about this basic goal is very much needed, because society throws away enormous potential in human and social capital. We do this by tolerating extreme inequality, racism, inadequate education, child exploitation, and other forms of exclusion. This is not just morally wrong. In very practical terms, it is also unwise neglect of valuable resources. We have not yet built the institutions to realize the potential of the whole society, beginning with all of our children. How can we do better?
Cyber Security in the Age of COVID-19: A Timeline and Analysis of Cyber-Crime and Cyber-Attacks during the Pandemic
Creators: name: Lallie, Harjinder Singh
name: Shepherd, Lynsay A.
name: Nurse, Jason R. C.
name: Erola, Arnau
name: Epiphaniou, Gregory
name: Maple, Carsten
name: Bellekens, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic was a remarkable unprecedented event which altered the lives of billions of citizens globally resulting in what became commonly referred to as the new-normal in terms of societal norms and the way we live and work. Aside from the extraordinary impact on society and business as a whole, the pandemic generated a set of unique cyber-crime related circumstances which also affected society and business. The increased anxiety caused by the pandemic heightened the likelihood of cyber-attacks succeeding corresponding with an increase in the number and range of cyber-attacks. This paper analyses the COVID-19 pandemic from a cyber-crime perspective and highlights the range of cyber-attacks experienced globally during the pandemic. Cyber-attacks are analysed and considered within the context of key global events to reveal the modus-operandi of cyber-attack campaigns. The analysis shows how following what appeared to be large gaps between the initial outbreak of the pandemic in China and the first COVID-19 related cyber-attack, attacks steadily became much more prevalent to the point that on some days, 3 or 4 unique cyber-attacks were being reported. The analysis proceeds to utilise the UK as a case study to demonstrate how cyber-criminals leveraged key events and governmental announcements to carefully craft and design cyber-crime campaigns.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
A variability study of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 6300 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Awaki, H.
name: Murakami, H.
name: Leighly, K. M.
name: Matsumoto, C.
name: Hayashida, K.
name: Grupe, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of timing analysis of the XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 6300. The hard X-ray spectrum above 2 keV consists of a Compton-thin-absorbed power law, as is often seen in Seyfert 2 galaxies. We clearly detected rapid time variability on a time scale of about 1000 s from the light curve above 2 keV. The excess variance of the time variability (sigma2_RMS) is calculated to be ~0.12, and the periodogram of the light curve is well represented by a power law function with a slope of 1.75. In contrast with previous results from Seyfert 2 nuclei, these variability characteristics are consistent with those of Seyfert 1 galaxies. This consistency suggests that NGC 6300 has a similar black hole mass and accretion properties as Seyfert 1 galaxies. Using the relation between time variability and central black hole mass by Hayashida et al. (1998), the black hole mass of NGC 6300 is estimated to be ~2.8x10^5 Mo. Taking uncertainty of this method into account, the black hole mass is less than 10^7 Mo. Taking the bolometric luminosity of 3.3x10^43 erg/s into consideration, this yields an accretion rate of > 0.03 of the Eddington value, and comparable with estimates from Seyfert 1 galaxies using this method. The time variability analysis suggests that NGC 6300 actually has a Seyfert 1 nucleus obscured by a thick matter, and more generally provides a new pillar of support for the unified model of Seyfert galaxies based on obscuration.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Inter-sectoral Water Use in South Africa: Efficiency Versus Equity
Creators: name: Juana, James S.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Strzepek, Kenneth M.
name: Juana, James S.
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Strzepek, Kenneth M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: SAM multipliers
subject: output growth
subject: factor remuneration
subject: income generation
subject: efficiency
subject: equity
subject: R20

description: While water supply sources are dwindling in South Africa, the demand for the scarce water resource is increasing. This situation requires a switch from supply to demand management of water in the country. The study updates the 1999 social accounting matrix for South Africa, using the Trade and Industrial Policy Strategies (TIPS) time series data, STATSA's 2001 census report and 2000 water accounts, the 2002 national income accounts, published by the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) and the Water Resource Management Strategy (WRMS) registration data. Using the updated SAM, the contribution of water to economic development in South Africa is estimated through the traditional SAM multiplier analysis. The paper then investigates the impact of reallocating water among the production sectors, on the basis of economic efficiency, on output growth, factor remuneration and households' income generation. The computational and simulation results show that, though agriculture is among the sectors that have the least marginal value of water, water reallocation based on marginal values will reduce the incomes of the poorest households, and put at stake the livelihoods of the most vulnerable population. Scenario analyses suggest that this effect will be minimal if marginal productivity consideration for inter-sectoral water reallocation is reduced to 30%, while intra-sectoral water reallocation on the basis of efficiency is currently viewed as the most viable option.
Exploration and exploitation of the GxGxE space spanned  by multi-environment intercropping experiments
Creators: name: DUBEY, REENA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Intercropping is the cultivation of at least two crop species on the same land for the entire or a substantialpercentage of the growth cycle. Intercropping legumes and cereal species is useful for a myriad of reasonsincluding yield stability, nutritional content and numerous agro-ecosystem services (Brooker et al., 2013, Zhanget al., 2010, Ofori et al.,1987, Annicchiarico et al., 2019). However, intercropping also creates diversecompetition effects for the mixed partners, which can have a significant impact on their agronomicperformance. Therefore, selecting complimentary intercropping partners is the key to the realisation of a goodmixed crop yield. Both Annicchiarico et al. (2019) and Wolfe et al. (2021) suggest the use of specializedintercrop breeding methods to develop complementary varieties as reciprocal intercropping partners.Intercrop breeders face the same issues as single-crop breeders in the sense that newly developed varietiesshould perform well in a wide range of environments. This quest for all-around performers generally implies asearch in the so-called Genotype-by-Environment (GxE) space for which numerous strategies have beendescribed in the literature (Freeman 1983, Romagosa 1993, Hill 1975). Intercrop breeders search for pairs ofgenotypes belonging to different species, giving rise to vast GxGxE search space. The existence and potential ofthis GxGxE space and related GxG, GxGxE and GxExG spaces are discussed extensively in the literature (de Voset al., 2013, Subrahmaniam et al., 2017, Subrahmaniam et al., 2020, Subrahmaniam et al. 2021) but noefficient exploitation strategy is currently available.
Tigernut Consumption in Ogun State, Nigeria: Socioeconomic Drivers and Implications for Consumer Marketing
Creators: name: Akerele, D.
name: Ayinde, A. F. O.
name: Alabi, K. J.,
name: Ogunmola, O. O.
name: Ibrahim S., B.
name: Akerele, D.
name: Ayinde, A. F. O.
name: Alabi, K. J.,
name: Ogunmola, O. O.
name: Ibrahim S., B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Tigernut
subject: Health benefit awareness
subject: Food choice
subject: Consumer marketing
subject: Nigeria

description: This study examined the potential influence of consumer income, education, health claim awareness and sources of the awareness (information) on purchase decision and consumption-expenditure on tigernut in Ogun State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 300 respondents and the data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and double-hurdle regression. Approximately 68% of the respondents had tertiary education and 33% indicated they were aware of the health benefits of tigernut. Of those who indicated health benefit awareness, words of mouth (family and friends) (38.78%), and social media (26.43%) were reported as the two main sources of awareness. Consumers preferred tigernut in its fresh, dried and juiced/powdered forms. Whereas income (p≤0.01) had non-increasing effect on purchase decision and/or consumption-expenditure of tiger nut, education (p≤0.01) and health benefit awareness (p≤0.01), especially through social media (p≤0.01), among others exerted positive influence. Access to higher formal education, and awareness creation through the social media are advocated, among others, to advance consumption and expansion of tigernut products’ market. Of relevance also are opportunities for prospective investors to invest in its value/supply chain, and for farmers to diversify into production in response to consumer preference.
Informal Insurance in the Presence of Poverty Traps: Evidence from Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Santos, Paulo
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Santos, Paulo
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: risk
subject: informal insurance
subject: social networks
subject: poverty traps
subject: Ethiopia

description: Fieldwork for this paper was conducted under the Pastoral Risk Management (PARIMA) project of the Global Livestock Collaborative Research Support Program (GL CRSP), funded by the Office of Agriculture and Food Security, Global Bureau, USAID, under grant number DAN-1328-G-00-0046-00, and analysis was underwritten by the USAID SAGA cooperative agreement, grant number HFM-A-00-01-00132-00. Financial support was also provided by the Social Science Research Council's Program in Applied Economics on Risk and Development (through a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation), The Pew Charitable Trusts (through the Christian Scholars Program of the University of Notre Dame), the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal), and the Graduate School of Cornell University. Thanks are due to ILRI - Ethiopia for their hospitality and support and to Action for Development (Yabello) for logistical support. We thank Getachew Gebru and our field assistants, Ahmed Ibrahim and Mohammed Ibrahim, for their invaluable assistance in data collection. This is a much revised version of an earlier paper that circulated under the title: "Safety nets or social insurance in the presence of poverty traps? Evidence from southern Ethiopia". We thank Michael Carter, Stefan Dercon, Andrew Foster, Vivian Hoffman, Dhushyanth Raju, Steve Younger and participants at various conferences and seminars for comments that greatly improved this paper. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not represent any official agency. Any remaining errors are our own.
The Effect of Young People Not In Employment, Education or Training, On Poverty Rate in European Union
Creators: name: Jianu, Ionut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper aims to estimate the effect of young people who are not in employment, education or training (neets rate) on the people at risk of poverty rate in the European Union. Statistical data covering the 2010-2016 period for all EU-28 Member States have been used. Regarding the methodology, the study was performed by using Panel Estimated Generalized Least Squares method, weighted by Period SUR option. The effect of neets rate on poverty rate proved to be positive and statistically significant in European Union, since this indicator includes two main areas which are extremely relevant for poverty dimension. Firstly, young unemployment rate was one of the main channels through which the financial crisis has affected the population income. Secondly, it accounts for the educational system coverage and its skills deficiencies.
description: 14 pages
Numerical modeling of amphibious snowmobile-glider movement on uneven surface
Creators: name: Nikitin, Dmitriy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90299 Automotive Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 91399 Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91307 Numerical Modelling and Mechanical Characterisation

description: The paper studies the promising vehicle configurations, in particular, amphibious snowmobile-gliders (ASG) with elastic-damping cab suspension. The aim of the study is simulation of ASG dynamic loading processes when driving on uneven ground, and optimization of the elastic-damping cab suspension performance. The study was conducted by mathematical simulation on the PC.such a solution requires careful calculation of the suspension parameters using the ASG mathematical model. We designed the calculation scheme and the mathematical model of dynamic loading for the ASG with elastic damping cab suspension. This approach was implemented as a software package for a PC with visualization of calculation results.
The implications of institutional specificities on the income inequalities drivers in European Union
Creators: name: Jianu, Ionut
name: Dobre, Ion
name: Bodislav, Dumitru Alexandru
name: Radulescu, Carmen Valentina
name: Burlacu, Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper aims to review the different impacts of income inequality drivers on the Gini coefficient, depending on institutional specificities. In this context, we divided the European Union member states in two clusters (the cluster of member states with inclusive institutions / extractive institutions) using the institutional pillar as a clustering criterion. In both cases, we assesed the impact of income inequality drivers on Gini coefficient by using a fixed effects model in order to examine the role and importance of the institutions in the dynamics of income disparities.The models were estimated by applying the Panel Estimated Generalized Least Squares (EGLS) method, this being weighted by Cross-section weights option. The separate assessment of the income inequality reactivity to the change in its determinants according to the institutional criterion represents a new approach in this field of research and the results show that the impact of moderating income inequality strategies is limitedin the case of member states with extractive institutions.
description: 18 pages
Radio frequency spectroscopy and the pairing gap in trapped Fermi gases
Creators: name: He, Yan
name: Chen, Qijin
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical interpretation of radio-frequency (RF) pairing gap experiments in trapped atomic Fermi gases, over the entire range of the BCS-BEC crossover, for temperatures above and below $T_c$. Our calculated RF excitation spectra, as well as the density profiles on which they are based, are in semi-quantitative agreement with experiment. We provide a detailed analysis of the physical origin of the two different peak features seen in RF spectra, one associated with nearly free atoms at the edge of the trap, and the other with (quasi-)bound fermion pairs.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures included, submitted to PRA(RC)
Maḥfūẓāt abras̆īyat Bairūt li-r-rūm al-urṯūḏuks
Creators: name: Walbiner, Carsten-Michael
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 83 (1999): Oriens christianus, Band 83