Two Massive Jupiters in Eccentric Orbits from the TESS Full Frame Images
Creators: name: Ikwut-Ukwa, Mma
name: Rodriguez, Joseph E.
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Zhou, George
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Ali, Asma
name: Bunten, Katya
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
name: Latham, David W.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Huang, Chelsea X.
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Carmichael, Theron W.
name: Rabus, Markus
name: Eastman, Jason D.
name: Collins, Kevin I.
name: Tan, Thiam-Guan
name: Schwarz, Richard P.
name: Myers, Gordon
name: Stockdale, Chris
name: Kielkopf, John F.
name: Radford, Don J.
name: Oelkers, Ryan J.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Vanderspek, Roland K.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Burt, Jennifer
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Calkins, Michael L.
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Gnilka, Crystal L.
name: Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
name: Fong, Wlliam
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Mink, Jessica
name: Rodriguez, David R.
name: Schlieder, Joshua E.
name: Schectman, Stephen
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Teske, Johanna
name: Ting, Eric B.
name: Villasenor, Jesus Noel
name: Yahalomi, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of two short-period massive giant planets from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Both systems, TOI-558 (TIC 207110080) and TOI-559 (TIC 209459275), were identified from the 30-minute cadence Full Frame Images and confirmed using ground-based photometric and spectroscopic follow-up observations from TESS's Follow-up Observing Program Working Group. We find that TOI-558 b, which transits an F-dwarf ($M_{*}=1.349^{+0.064}_{-0.065}\ M_{\odot}$, $R_{*}=1.496^{+0.042}_{-0.040}\ R_{\odot}$, $T_{eff}=6466^{+95}_{-93}\ K$, age $1.79^{+0.91}_{-0.73}\ Gyr$) with an orbital period of 14.574 days, has a mass of $3.61\pm0.15\ M_{\rm J}$, a radius of $1.086^{+0.041}_{-0.038}\ R_{\rm J}$, and an eccentric (e=$0.300^{+0.022}_{-0.020}$) orbit. TOI-559 b transits a G-dwarf ($M_{*}=1.026\pm0.057\ M_{\odot}$, $R_{*}=1.233^{+0.028}_{-0.026}\ R_{\odot}$, $T_{eff}=5925^{+85}_{-76}\ K$, age $6.8^{+2.5}_{-2.0}\ Gyr$) in an eccentric (e=$0.151\pm0.011$) 6.984-day orbit with a mass of $6.01^{+0.24}_{-0.23}\ M_{\rm J}$ and a radius of $1.091^{+0.028}_{-0.025}\ R_{\rm J}$. Our spectroscopic follow-up also reveals a long-term radial velocity trend for TOI-559, indicating a long-period companion. The statistically significant orbital eccentricity measured for each system suggests that these planets migrated to their current location through dynamical interactions. Interestingly, both planets are also massive ($&gt;3\ M_{\rm J}$), adding to the population of massive giant planets identified by TESS. Prompted by these new detections of high-mass planets, we analyzed the known mass distribution of hot and warm Jupiters but find no significant evidence for multiple populations. TESS should provide a near magnitude-limited sample of transiting hot Jupiters, allowing for future detailed population studies.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, accepted to The Astronomical Journal