cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimized Steering: Quantum State Engineering and Exceptional Points
Creators: name: Kumar, Parveen
name: Snizhko, Kyrylo
name: Gefen, Yuval
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The state of a quantum system may be steered towards a predesignated target state, employing a sequence of weak $\textit{blind}$ measurements (where the detector's readouts are traced out). Here we analyze the steering of a two-level system using the interplay of a system Hamiltonian and weak measurements, and show that $\textit{any}$ pure or mixed state can be targeted. We show that the optimization of such a steering protocol is underlain by the presence of Liouvillian exceptional points. More specifically, for high purity target states, optimal steering implies purely relaxational dynamics marked by a second-order exceptional point, while for low purity target states, it implies an oscillatory approach to the target state. The dynamical phase transition between these two regimes is characterized by a third-order exceptional point.
description: 6 pages + 4 pages supplementary information, 2 figures
Four peculiar new Metallactus species from Argentina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae)
Creators: name: Sassi, Davide
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Metallactus canescens sp. nov., Metallactus aemulus sp. nov., Metallactus diaguita sp. nov., Metallactus nugator sp. nov. are described from Northern and Central Argentina. The new species are very similar to one another regarding their external look but can be distinguished above all on the basis of internal characters, in particular the morphology of the aedeagal median lobe. Besides, some traits of their external features, i. e. the thick dorsal setosity and the weak metallic hue, look quite uncommon within the genus Metallactus Suffrian, 1866 and remind of some species of genus Coscinoptera Lacordaire, 1848 (in particular C. tibialis Harold, 1875) and other undescribed species belonging to the genus Griburius Haldeman, 1849. This might be due to some kind of adaptive convergent evolution.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
Probabilistic Dipole Inversion for Adaptive Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinwei
name: Zhang, Hang
name: Sabuncu, Mert
name: Spincemaille, Pascal
name: Nguyen, Thanh
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A learning-based posterior distribution estimation method, Probabilistic Dipole Inversion (PDI), is proposed to solve the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) inverse problem in MRI with uncertainty estimation. In PDI, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to represent the multivariate Gaussian distribution as the approximate posterior distribution of susceptibility given the input measured field. Such CNN is first trained on healthy subjects via posterior density estimation, where the training dataset contains samples from the true posterior distribution. Domain adaptations are then deployed on patient datasets with new pathologies not included in pre-training, where PDI updates the pre-trained CNN's weights in an unsupervised fashion by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the approximate posterior distribution represented by CNN and the true posterior distribution from the likelihood distribution of a known physical model and pre-defined prior distribution. Based on our experiments, PDI provides additional uncertainty estimation compared to the conventional MAP approach, while addressing the potential issue of the pre-trained CNN when test data deviates from training.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://www.melba-journal.org/article/21200-probabilistic-dipole-inversion-for-adaptive-quantitative-susceptibility-mapping?auth_token=5HEyUtAQRW9CVoU6XAs7
title: Unusual image presentation of a base of tongue adenoid cystic carcinoma
Creators: name: Xie, Bi Ying
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the minor salivary glands are an uncommon malignancy with high rates of recurrences and poor prognosis. [1] We describe an atypical presentation of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the base of tongue and a brief review of...
XMM-Newton view of the ultra-luminous X-ray sources in M51
Creators: name: Dewangan, Gulab C.
name: Griffiths, Richard E.
name: Choudhury, Manojendu
name: Miyaji, Takamitsu
name: Schurch, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present results based on XMM-Newton observation of the nearby spiral galaxy M51 (NGC5194 and NGC5195). Two ULXs in NGC5194 show evidence for short-term variability, and all but two ULXs vary on long time scales (over a baseline of 2.5 years), providing strong evidence that these are accreting sources. One ULX in NGC5194, source 69, shows possible periodic behavior in its X-ray flux. We derive a period of 5925\pm200s at a confidence level of 95%, based on three cycles. This period is lower than the period of 7620\pm500s derived from a Chandra observation in 2000. The higher effective area of XMM-Newton enables us to identify multiple components in the spectra of ULXs. Most ULXs require at least two components -- a power law and a soft X-ray excess component which is modeled by an optically thin plasma or multicolor disk blackbody (MCD). However, the soft excess emission, inferred from all ULXs except source 69, are unlikely to be physically associated with the ULXs as their strengths are comparable to that of the surrounding diffuse emission. The soft excess emission of source 69 is well described either by a two temperature mekal plasma or a single temperature mekal plasma kT~690eV) and an MCD (kT~170eV). The MCD component suggests a cooler accretion disks compared to that in Galactic X-ray binaries and consistent with that expected for intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs). An iron line (EW 700eV) or K absorption edge at 7.1keV is present in the EPIC PN spectrum of source 26. The spectrum of the ULX in NGC5195, source 12, is consistent with a simple power law.
description: 20 pages, To appear in ApJ
title: Clinician awareness of dual-energy CT technology
Creators: name: Stanley, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Other
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
Assess awareness of DECT amongst non-radiologists Assess respondents understanding of clinical applications of DECT Assess the interest of clinicians in learning more about DECT and its implications on their field of...
Demand for Organic and Conventional Fruits
Creators: name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Huang, Chung L.
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Huang, Chung L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: organic fruit
subject: Homescan data
subject: censored demand system
subject: two-step estimation

description: We examine consumer demand for organic and conventional fruits by estimating a censored demand system, using Nielsen's Homescan data. Sociodemographic characteristics and income are found to be significant factors of organic fruit consumption. Consumers are responsive to own-price changes in selected organic fruits, while the own-price elasticities for conventional fruits are much smaller. Asymmetric cross-price effects are found between organic and conventional fruits, suggesting that a change in relative prices will more likely cause consumers of conventional fruits to "cross-over" to organic fruits, while the reverse is less likely to happen such that organic consumers will "revert" to conventional fruits.
Timber Volume Estimation Based on Airborne Laser Scanning -- Comparing the Use of National Forest Inventory and Forest Management Inventory Data
Creators: name: Rahlf, Johannes
name: Hauglin, Marius
name: Astrup, Rasmus
name: Breidenbach, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale forest resource maps based on national forest inventory (NFI) data and airborne laser scanning may facilitate synergies between NFIs and forest management inventories (FMIs). A comparison of models used in such a NFI-based map and a FMI indicate that NFI-based maps can directly be used in FMIs to estimate timber volume of mature spruce forests. Traditionally, FMIs and NFIs have been separate activities. The increasing availability of detailed NFI-based forest resource maps provides the possibility to eliminate or reduce the need of field sample plot measurements in FMIs if their accuracy is similar. We aim to 1) compare a timber volume model used in a NFI-based map and models used in a FMI, and 2) evaluate utilizing additional local sample plots in the model of the NFI-based map. Accuracies of timber volume estimates using models from an existing NFI-based map and a FMI were compared at plot and stand level. Estimates from the NFI-based map were similar to or more accurate than the FMI. The addition of local plots to the modeling data did not clearly improve the model of the NFI-based map.The comparison indicates that NFI-based maps can directly be used in FMIs for timber volume estimation in mature spruce stands, leading to potentially large cost savings.
title: Spontaneous Thoracic Duct Leak – A Rare Cause of Neck Swelling
Creators: name: Wong, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: Management
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Acute
subject: Outcomes
subject: Other

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
Neck pain is a common presentation to the emergency department. 1 Rarely, however, is it caused by a spontaneous thoracic duct leak. In the literature, we know of two reports concerning this rare entity. 2, 3 Within the same month, we describe...
Description of the unknown males of three Chinese Meligethes (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Meligethinae)
Creators: name: Sabatelli, Simone
name: Audisio, Paolo
name: Jelínek, Josef
name: Liu, Meike
name: Huang, Min
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: In this paper we present the description of male genitalia and additional information on taxonomy of three recently described and poorly known Chinese endemic members of the genus Meligethes Stephens, 1830, Meligethes (Odonthogethes) brassicogethoides Audisio, Sabatelli and Jelínek, 2015, M. (O.) inexpectatus Liu, Huang, Cline, Sabatelli and Audisio, 2017, and M. (O.) tricuspidatus Liu, Huang, Cline and Audisio, 2018.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
Improving Generalization Capability of Deep Learning-Based Nuclei Instance Segmentation by Non-deterministic Train Time and Deterministic Test Time Stain Normalization
Creators: name: Mahbod, Amirreza
name: Dorffner, Georg
name: Ellinger, Isabella
name: Woitek, Ramona
name: Hatamikia, Sepideh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advent of digital pathology and microscopic systems that can scan and save whole slide histological images automatically, there is a growing trend to use computerized methods to analyze acquired images. Among different histopathological image analysis tasks, nuclei instance segmentation plays a fundamental role in a wide range of clinical and research applications. While many semi- and fully-automatic computerized methods have been proposed for nuclei instance segmentation, deep learning (DL)-based approaches have been shown to deliver the best performances. However, the performance of such approaches usually degrades when tested on unseen datasets.
 In this work, we propose a novel method to improve the generalization capability of a DL-based automatic segmentation approach. Besides utilizing one of the state-of-the-art DL-based models as a baseline, our method incorporates non-deterministic train time and deterministic test time stain normalization, and ensembling to boost the segmentation performance. We trained the model with one single training set and evaluated its segmentation performance on seven test datasets. Our results show that the proposed method provides up to 4.9%, 5.4%, and 5.9% better average performance in segmenting nuclei based on Dice score, aggregated Jaccard index, and panoptic quality score, respectively, compared to the baseline segmentation model.
description: Accepted at Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
Quark and Gluon Sivers Functions
Creators: name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of hadron single transverse spin asymmetries is discussed. Possible measurements of both the quark and gluon Sivers functions are proposed.
description: 8 Pages. Talk given at The International Workshop on Transverse Polarisation Phenomena in Hard Processes (Transversity 2005), Como, Italy, 7−10 September 2005
Simulation of non-Newtonian viscoplastic flows with a unified first order hyperbolic model and a structure-preserving semi-implicit scheme
Creators: name: Peshkov, Ilya
name: Dumbser, Michael
name: Boscheri, Walter
name: Romenski, Evgeniy
name: Chiocchetti, Simone
name: Ioriatti, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the applicability of a unified hyperbolic model for continuum fluid and solid mechanics to modeling non-Newtonian flows and in particular to modeling the stress-driven solid-fluid transformations in flows of viscoplastic fluids, also called yield-stress fluids. In contrast to the conventional approaches relying on the non-linear viscosity concept of the Navier-Stokes theory and representation of the solid state as an infinitely rigid non-deformable solid, the solid state in our theory is deformable and the fluid state is considered rather as a "melted" solid via a certain procedure of relaxation of tangential stresses similar to Maxwell's visco-elasticity theory. The model is formulated as a system of first-order hyperbolic partial differential equations with possibly stiff non-linear relaxation source terms. The computational strategy is based on a staggered semi-implicit scheme which can be applied in particular to low-Mach number flows as usually required for flows of non-Newtonian fluids. The applicability of the model and numerical scheme is demonstrated on a few standard benchmark test cases such as Couette, Hagen-Poiseuille, and lid-driven cavity flows. The numerical solution is compared with analytical or numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes theory with the Herschel-Bulkley constitutive model for nonlinear viscosity.
description: The old title "Modeling solid-fluid transformations in non-Newtonian viscoplastic flows with a unified flow theory" has been changed to the title of the published version "Simulation of non-Newtonian viscoplastic flows with a unified first order hyperbolic model and a structure-preserving semi-implicit scheme"
On two-point correlation functions in AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Krikun, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the chiral symmetry breaking in the hard wall AdS/QCD model. We solve the equations of motion up to the second order at large momentum and obtain the first few terms in the expansion of the "left-right" correlator, which is the measure of symmetry breaking. We study the dependence on AdS radius to get the result as the series in t'Hooft constant.
description: 13 pages, v2 - major changes: normalization of the fields fixed
An interesting case of polystyrene consumption by Reticulitermes lucifugus (Blattodea: Neoisoptera, Rhinotermitidae)
Creators: name: Rolli, Erminio
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: A colony of Reticulitermes lucifugus from Apulia (SE Italian Peninsula) was recently observed to have partially consumed some polystyrene panels applied on a wall, and used like seat for termite nest. Further observations could allow to better understand if this colony is just able to physically consume and chew this plastic material, releasing it chemically intact after the passage throughout the termites’ digestive system, or if their microbiome could allow the insects to at least partially metabolize and degrade the ingested polystyrene fragments, as recently observed in a few other insects.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
Effect of Separate Initial Conditions on the Lyman-$α$ Forest in Simulations
Creators: name: Fernandez, M. A.
name: Bird, Simeon
name: Sanderbeck, Phoebe Upton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a set of high resolution simulations, we quantify the effect of species specific initial transfer functions on probes of the IGM via the Lyman-$α$ forest. We focus on redshifts $2-6$, after H~{\sc i} reionization. We explore the effect of these initial conditions on measures of the thermal state of the low density IGM: the curvature, Doppler width cutoff, and Doppler width distribution. We also examine the matter and flux power spectrum, and potential consequences for constraints on warm dark matter models. We find that the curvature statistic is at most affected at the $\approx2\%$ level at $z=6$. The Doppler width cutoff parameters are affected by $\approx5\%$ for the intercept, and $\approx8\%$ for the fit slope, though this is subdominant to sample variation. The Doppler width distribution shows a $\approx30\%$ effect at $z=3$, however the distribution is not fully converged with simulation box size and resolution. The flux power spectrum is at most affected by $\approx5\%$ at high redshift and small scales. We discuss numerical convergence with simulation parameters.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Insights into electronic and transport properties of phosphorene nanorings in two perpendicular directions: Effects of circular and elliptical external potentials
Creators: name: Bazrafshan, MohammadAmir
name: Khoeini, Farhad
name: Szafran, Bartlomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the electronic and transport properties of phosphorene nanorings in two perpendicular directions (zigzag and armchair directions) in the presence of zigzag metallic source and drain leads. Our results are based on the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method and a five-parameter tight-binding (TB) approach. We investigate how system parameters affect the electronic transport. These parameters include the radius of the rings, the width of the leads and the external potential. Our results show that for all configurations studied, a transport energy gap exists whose width can be tuned by the width of the leads and the radius of the nanoring. The transmission function of wider leads shows more sensitivity to the variation of the inner radius due to higher electronic states that can respond to smaller changes in the scattering region. In addition, the transport along the armchair direction is more susceptible to tuning than the transport along the zigzag direction. The effects of external potentials on the conductance are more pronounced than the geometrical parameters. In particular the circular potential of the amplitude of 0.1 eV can widen the transport gap by about ~0.35 eV.
description: 12 pages, 7 main figures
Photon Channelling in Foams
Creators: name: Schmiedeberg, Michael
name: Miri, MirFaez
name: Stark, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments by Gittings, Bandyopadhyay, and Durian [Europhys. Lett.\ \textbf{65}, 414 (2004)] demonstrate that light possesses a higher probability to propagate in the liquid phase of a foam due to total reflection. The authors term this observation photon channelling which we investigate in this article theoretically. We first derive a central relation in the work of Gitting {\em et al.} without any free parameters. It links the photon's path-length fraction $f$ in the liquid phase to the liquid fraction $ε$. We then construct two-dimensional Voronoi foams, replace the cell edges by channels to represent the liquid films and simulate photon paths according to the laws of ray optics using transmission and reflection coefficients from Fresnel's formulas. In an exact honeycomb foam, the photons show superdiffusive behavior. It becomes diffusive as soon as disorder is introduced into the foams. The dependence of the diffusion constant on channel width and refractive index is explained by a one-dimensional random-walk model. It contains a photon channelling state that is crucial for the understanding of the numerical results. At the end, we shortly comment on the observation that photon channelling only occurs in a finite range of $ε$.
description: 9 pages, minor changes
A Model for Estimating Time to Degree in Colleges of Agriculture and Natural Resources: A University of Minnesota Case Study
Creators: name: Nefstead, Ward E.
name: Gillard, Steve A.
name: Nefstead, Ward E.
name: Gillard, Steve A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This paper looks at factors affecting years to degree completion for undergraduate students as well as factors affecting retention rates - a leading indicator to the rate of degree completion. The model outlines key indicators and relationships between them that have a significant impact on the length of program for a given cohort of students. In addition the analysis will point to specific actions that impact the dependent variables described in the model. The goal is that actions taken as a result of this and other related analysis will help raise four year graduation rates by over 20%.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 08/01/08.
The praying mantises of the Maltese Islands: distribution and ecology (Mantodea)
Creators: name: Cassar, Thomas
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: This study presents a species account of the mantises of the Maltese Islands, including notes on the ecology and distribution of each species. A total of three species are known to exist locally; Ameles spallanzania (Rossi, 1792), Mantis religiosa (Linnaeus, 1758) and Rivetina baetica Rambur, 1839. The presence of Ameles decolor (Charpentier, 1825) cannot be confirmed by any recently collected material, but the species is not excluded from the Maltese entomofauna. Two doubtful records are also discussed. All species present in the archipelago are typically found in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean basin.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
The problem of the keyboard slur in the works of W.A. Mozart : a study based on contemporary treatises
Creators: name: Suderman, Betty Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The problem of how to perform the early Classical keyboard slur has prompted perplexity and dissension in generations of thoughtful performers and teachers. While the mandatory legato indicated by the slur is unquestioned, diversity of opinion centers around the performance of the last note of the slur, specifically regarding its length. Modern pedagogy has generally followed a time-honoured principle of an early release for the last note of a slur, yet many artists seem to disregard this guidance at will. This study attempts to clarify the issue by examining several treatises of the early Classical period. A brief history of the slur is included because its origins undoubtedly influenced how it was later performed. Most of the research, however, focuses on relevant material found in three treatises written by contemporaries of Wolfgang Mozart, namely, CPE. Bach, Daniel Turk, and Mozart's father, Leopold. The three components of the slur—the first note, the notes under the slur, and the last note are treated in turn by presenting information found in the treatises and providing interpretative commentary. This information is then applied to slurs found in the keyboard sonatas of Wolfgang Mozart. Unfortunately, treatises provide no definitive answer to the question of the performance of the last note of a slur. This lacuna is most likely due to the daunting task of describing the many musical circumstances involved in performing the last note under a slur. Solutions to the problem, therefore, cannot simply be founded solely on treatise instructions regarding the slur. Fortunately, the wealth of descriptive writing on the general art of effective music-making also provides some important clues to understanding the principles of performing the last note under a slur. Much of this study focuses on understanding the three important factors influencing the slur's ending: formal structure, Classical violin bowing technique and, most important, the musical context in which a slur is found. When these three aspects of performance are understood, much of the uncertainty surrounding Wolfgang Mozart's slurs will disappear.
Robust Ultra-wideband Range Error Mitigation with Deep Learning at the Edge
Creators: name: Angarano, Simone
name: Mazzia, Vittorio
name: Salvetti, Francesco
name: Fantin, Giovanni
name: Chiaberge, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Ultra-wideband (UWB) is the state-of-the-art and most popular technology for wireless localization. Nevertheless, precise ranging and localization in non-line-of-sight (NLoS) conditions is still an open research topic. Indeed, multipath effects, reflections, refractions, and complexity of the indoor radio environment can easily introduce a positive bias in the ranging measurement, resulting in highly inaccurate and unsatisfactory position estimation. This article proposes an efficient representation learning methodology that exploits the latest advancement in deep learning and graph optimization techniques to achieve effective ranging error mitigation at the edge. Channel Impulse Response (CIR) signals are directly exploited to extract high semantic features to estimate corrections in either NLoS or LoS conditions. Extensive experimentation with different settings and configurations has proved the effectiveness of our methodology and demonstrated the feasibility of a robust and low computational power UWB range error mitigation.
description: Submitted to Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Conditioning Latent-Space Clusters for Real-World Anomaly Classification
Creators: name: Bogdoll, Daniel
name: Pavlitska, Svetlana
name: Klaus, Simon
name: Zöllner, J. Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anomalies in the domain of autonomous driving are a major hindrance to the large-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles. In this work, we focus on high-resolution camera data from urban scenes that include anomalies of various types and sizes. Based on a Variational Autoencoder, we condition its latent space to classify samples as either normal data or anomalies. In order to emphasize especially small anomalies, we perform experiments where we provide the VAE with a discrepancy map as an additional input, evaluating its impact on the detection performance. Our method separates normal data and anomalies into isolated clusters while still reconstructing high-quality images, leading to meaningful latent representations.
description: Daniel Bogdoll, Svetlana Pavlitska, and Simon Klaus contributed equally. Accepted for publication at SSCI 2023
Surface Energy in Cold Asymmetrical Fermion Superfluids
Creators: name: Caldas, Heron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the energy of the surface between the normal and superfluid components of a mixed phase of a system composed of two particle species with different densities. The surface energy is obtained by the integration of the free energy density in the interface between the two phases. We show that the mixed phase remains as the favored ground state over the gapless phase in weak coupling. We find that the surface energy effects emerge only at strong coupling.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, published version
An Error Corrected Almost Ideal Demand System for Major Cereals in Kenya
Creators: name: Nzuma, Jonathan M.
name: Sarker, Rakhal
name: Nzuma, Jonathan M.
name: Sarker, Rakhal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Error Correction Model
subject: AIDS
subject: Cereal Consumption
subject: Kenya

description: Despite significant progress in theory and empirical methods, the analysis of food consumption patterns in developing countries, particularly those in Sub Saharan Africa has received very limited attention. An attempt is made in this article to estimate an Error Corrected Almost Ideal Demand System for four major cereals consumed in Kenya employing annual data from 1963 to 2005. The model performs well both on theoretical and empirical grounds. All own-price elasticities are negative and statistically significant and all cereals are necessities both in the short-run and in the long-run in Kenya.
Hidden Order Beyond Hyperuniformity in Critical Absorbing States
Creators: name: Zheng, Yuanjian
name: Parmar, Anshul D. S.
name: Ciamarra, Massimo Pica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered hyperuniformity is a description of hidden correlations in point distributions revealed by an anomalous suppression in fluctuations of local density at various coarse-graining length scales. In the absorbing phase of models exhibiting an active-absorbing state transition, this suppression extends up to a hyperuniform length scale that diverges at the critical point. Here, we demonstrate the existence of additional many-body correlations beyond hyperuniformity. These correlations are hidden in the higher moments of the probability distribution of the local density, and extend up to a longer length scale with a faster divergence than the hyperuniform length on approaching the critical point. Our results suggest that a hidden order beyond hyperuniformity may generically be present in complex disordered systems.
description: 5 Pages, 4 figures (Main) + 5 pages 7 figures (SI), Physical Review Letters (in press)
title: No tear post repair: aortic dilatation following tetralogy of Fallot repair
Creators: name: D'Mello, Jonelle
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiac
subject: Management
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Screening
subject: Congenital
subject: Dilatation
subject: Dissection

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
A ortic root and ascending aortic dilatation are well- recognised complication s in tetralogy of Fallot ( ToF ) patients post index surgical repair . Whilst thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a fatal complication, the true incidence of TAD in these...
MODELLING THE EFFECT OF EU POLICY REFORMS ON FARM INVESTMENT BEHAVIOUR
Creators: name: Gallerani, Vittorio
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Raggi, Meri
name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Gallerani, Vittorio
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Raggi, Meri
name: Viaggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: CAP reform
subject: decoupling
subject: investment
subject: multicriteria
subject: dynamic
subject: models

description: The objective of this paper is to analyse farm strategies and investment behaviour in a sample of selected Italian farm-households facing different scenarios, with a particular focus on the effects of the 2003 CAP reform. Models were built for individual households using multi-criteria dynamic programming, including investment choice. A total of 24 farms were selected for modelling, all located in Emilia Romagna (Italy). The simulations show a strong effect of both policy and markets scenarios on household investment, though the latter seems more relevant than the former. However, decoupling itself shows minor effects in the majority of cases. The models offer useful insights about the mechanisms of adaptation and their implications for the effects of policies. The main drawbacks are in the heavy data collection and computational requirements, and in the related difficulties to achieve a satisfactory degree of representativeness.
Description of eight new Paratrichius Janson, 1881 from Vietnam (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae)
Creators: name: Ricchiardi, Enrico
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Increased availability of recently collected beetle material from Vietnam has stimulated numerous taxonomic studies. Several specimens representing new species of the genus Paratrichius Janson, 1881, were discovered among this material. These are described here as Paratrichius bartolozzii sp. nov., P. caobangi sp. nov., P. dangvanboi sp. nov., P. parvolaetus sp. nov. , P. saetosus sp. nov. , P. triguttatus sp. nov., P. inexpectatus sp. nov. and P. variiscoloratus sp. nov., thereby bringing the total number of known Vietnamese species to 29. The distribution of the species highlights three major areas of endemism for the genus within the country: northern provinces, Central Highlands and southern provinces. To date, no species has been found to inhabit more than one of these areas. Further research in intermediate areas is needed to better clarify boundaries between these areas of endemism.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
Small Yukawa Couplings from Type I String Theory and the Inflationary Solution to the Strong CP and $μ$ Problems
Creators: name: Eyton-Williams, O. J.
name: King, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of phenomenologically interesting small Yukawa couplings in Type I string theory. Utilising the framework of intersecting sets of D9 and orthogonal D5 branes we demonstrate the connection between extra dimensional volumes and Yukawa couplings. For example, we show that extra dimensions with inverse lengths of $10^8$ GeV can lead to $10^{-10}$ Yukawa couplings. String selection rules, arising from the D-Brane setup, impose non-trivial constraints on the set of allowed superpotentials. As a phenomenological application of these results we construct a type I string model of inflationary particle physics which involves small Yukawa couplings of order $10^{-10}$, and simultaneously solves the strong CP and $μ$ problem of the MSSM, via the vacuum expectation value of the inflaton field.
description: 23 pages
First description of calling song of Arcyptera alzonai and possible taxonomic implications (Insecta: Orthoptera, Acrididae, Gomphocerinae)
Creators: name: Anselmo, Luca
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge of Arcyptera alzonai, considered an endemic Italian species, whose biology is little known and which has an uncertain taxonomic status. Some individuals were found on a small site within its historical presence area in Susa Valley (Piedmont, NW Italy). Some recordings of the song, until today unknown, were made and analyzed. From the oscillograms obtained, no significant differences emerged with the congener species Arcyptera microptera. Also according to various authors these two species are at the moment indistinguishable from a morphological point of view. Therefore, a possible synonymy among these two taxa can be assumed which, however, must be investigated and confirmed by further research based on genetic analysis.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
A new weevil genus from the highlands of China casts doubts on monophyly of Cotasteromimina (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Molytinae)
Creators: name: Germann, Christoph
name: Grebennikov, Vasily V.
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: We describe Zembrus perseus gen. et sp. nov., a new weevil from Yunnan, China. A single flightless male was sifted from under Rhododendron bush in the alpine zone of the Cangshan Mountain Range. The specimen’s appearance suggests affinities to the molytine subtribe Cotasteromimina, which currently comprises six named species in four genera distributed between Japan, the Andaman Islands, Borneo and the Philippines. To test the species’ phylogenetic affinities, we analysed 73 morphological characters of adult specimens of 23 molytine and one rooting species. Besides Z. perseus, the ingroup includes four named species, each representing a named genus of Cotasteromimina, and two other, likely closely related unnamed species. Phylogenetic analysis using the parsimony criterion and four character-weighting and/or ordering strategies consistently failed to detect a clade of Cotasteromimina, either with or without Z. perseus. The most parsimonious trees are inconsistent, the bootstrap consensus trees are almost entirely unresolved, and previously published DNA data are phylogenetically indecisive. We conclude that either adult morphological characters constitute an inadequate data source to test monophyly of Cotasteromimina or that the subtribe is not monophyletic or both. We illustrate the relevant adult structures of Z. perseus and most of the in- and out-group taxa used in the analysis.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 2 (2020)
Intermittency of three-dimensional perturbations in a point-vortex model
Creators: name: van Kan, Adrian
name: Alexakis, Alexandros
name: Brachet, Marc Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) instabilities on a (potentially turbulent) two-dimensional (2D) flow are still incompletely understood, despite recent progress. Here, based on known physical properties of such 3-D instabilities, we propose a simple, energy-conserving model describing this situation. It consists of a 2D point-vortex flow coupled to localized 3D perturbations (ergophages), such that ergophages can gain energy by altering vortex-vortex distances through an induced divergent velocity field, thus decreasing point-vortex energy. We investigate the model in three distinct stages of evolution: (i) The linear regime, where the ergophage amplitude grows or decays exponentially on average, with a randomly fluctuating instantaneous growth rate. The growth rate has a small auto-correlation time, and follows a probability distribution featuring a power-law tail with exponent between -2 and -5/3 (up to a cut-off), depending on the point-vortex base flow. Consequently, the logarithmic ergophage amplitude performs a free Lévy flight. (ii) The passive-nonlinear regime of the model, where the 2D flow evolves independently of the ergophage amplitudes, which saturate by non-linear self-interactions without affecting the 2D flow. In this regime the system exhibits a new type of on-off intermittency that we name Lévy on-off intermittency, and which we study in a companion paper. We compute the bifurcation diagram for the mean and variance of the perturbation amplitude, as well as the probability density of the perturbation amplitude. (iii) Finally, we characterize the the fully nonlinear regime, where ergophages feed back on the 2D flow, and study how the vortex temperature is altered by the interaction with ergophages. It is shown that when the amplitude of the ergophages is sufficiently large, the 2D flow saturates to a zero-temperature state. Given the limitations of existing theories ...
Bericht von der Tagung des Zentralausschusses des Ökumenischen Rates der Kirchen
Creators: name: Grohs, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 2 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 2
Traits Affecting Household Marketing Decisions in Rural Kenya
Creators: name: Baldwin, Katherine L.
name: DeVeau, Vanessa
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Marshall, Maria I.
name: Baldwin, Katherine L.
name: DeVeau, Vanessa
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Marshall, Maria I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: While many contemporary development programs with regard to Sub-Saharan Africa’s pastoralists promote improved livestock marketing as a way out of poverty, they also fail to take into account the multi-functionality of livestock within these communities, and thus are doomed to failure. While livestock are a main source of income for the pastoralist household, they also serve a purpose as a store of wealth, food source, and status symbol. Furthermore, cattle and smallstock (sheep and goats) fulfill each function to a different degree. Since livestock are so multi-functional, marketing projects could better achieve their objectives if they had a more accurate picture of what motivates household livestock sale decisions. To get a better understanding of why livestock are sold in one community of Central Kenya, we regressed household offtake rate of both cattle and smallstock against certain household characteristics, including number of household members, number of children, education, and employment. Additionally, we used a logit model to determine if those same characteristics affect the overall decision to sell instead of just the offtake rate. We found that employment or self-employment of at least one household member significantly affected both offtake rate and sale decision. In addition, the number of household members and number of children in school had varying affects on cattle and smallstock offtake rates. The results regarding smallstock suggest that they are considered a more liquid asset, so perhaps future programs should target increasing the profitability of smallstock production as opposed to cattle production. Overall, our analysis shows that community livestock sales are motivated by factors other than price, and as such should be considered in the design of any future marketing programs.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/21/08.
q_T Uncertainties for W and Z Production
Creators: name: Berge, Stefan
name: Nadolsky, Pavel M.
name: Olness, Fredrick I.
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of semi-inclusive DIS hadroproduction suggests broadening of transverse momentum distributions at small x below 1E-3 ~ 1E-2 which can be modeled in the Collins-Soper-Sterman formalism by a modification of impact parameter dependent parton densities. We investigate these consequences for the production of electroweak bosons at the Tevatron and the LHC. If substantial small-x broadening is observed in forward Z boson production in the Tevatron Run-2, it will strongly affect the predicted q_T distributions for W and Z boson production at the LHC.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; contribution to the XIII International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS 2005)
Baryons with D5 Brane Vertex and k-Quarks
Creators: name: Ghoroku, Kazuo
name: Ishihara, Masafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study baryons in SU(N) gauge theories, according to the gauge/string correspondence based on IIB string theory. The D5 brane, in which $N$ fundamental strings are dissolved as a color singlet, is introduced as the baryon vertex, and its configurations are studied. We find point- and split-type of vertex. In the latter case, two cusps appears and they are connected by a flux composed of dissolved fundamental strings with a definite tension. In both cases, $N$ fundamental quarks are attached on the cusp(s) of the vertex to cancel the surface term. In the confining phase, we find that the quark in the baryon feel the potential increasing linearly with the distance from the vertex. At finite temperature and in the deconfining phase, we find a stable k-quarks "baryons", which are constructed of arbitrary number of $k(
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Organic Produce: Who's Eating it? A Demographic Profile of Organic Produce Consumers
Creators: name: Dettmann, Rachael L.
name: Dettmann, Rachael L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The organic market sector is one of the fastest growing food sectors in the United States with growth rates in organic food sales averaging 17 percent per year between 1998 and 2006. The largest segment within the organic market is fresh produce, comprising 34 percent of retail sales in 2006. To date, few published studies utilize consumer purchase information to understand which demographic factors influence the purchase of organic produce. This analysis focuses on household produce purchases in 2006 from the Nielsen Homescan Dataset. Assuming that household produce purchases are made in a two step process, a Heckman two-stage model is utilized to examine the factors that influence the probability a consumer will buy organic produce, and which factors influence the household share of organic produce purchased. Results show households with high levels of education and income are more likely to purchase organic pre-packaged produce, while the probability of purchasing organic fruits and vegetables decreases amongst African Americans.