cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An artificial neural network application on nuclear charge radii
Creators: name: Akkoyun, S.
name: Bayram, T.
name: Kara, S. O.
name: Sinan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The artificial neural networks (ANNs) have emerged with successful applications in nuclear physics as well as in many fields of science in recent years. In this paper, by using (ANNs), we have constructed a formula for the nuclear charge radii. Statistical modeling of nuclear charge radii by using ANNs has been seen as to be successful. Also, the charge radii, binding energies and two-neutron separation energies of Sn isotopes have been calculated by implementing of the new formula in Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations. The results of the study shows that the new formula is useful for describing nuclear charge radii.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
China’s Evolving Taiwan Policy: Bargaining on the Brink and Elite Threat Perceptions
Creators: name: Stelwagen , Josh
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: East Asian Studies, China, Taiwan, Policy

description: This paper assesses change and continuity in China’s Taiwan policy since the 17th century. Using policy documents, speeches, newspapers, and secondary sources as evidence, it advances the hypothesis China’s policy towards Taiwan is an evolving function of elite threat perception and military capabilities relative to other international actors. Case studies include the Qing’s decision to invade the island, the Qing’s response to Japanese occupation of Taiwan in 1874, Mao’s changing Taiwan policy in the 1950’s, Deng’s outlook toward Taiwan, and policy post-1989.
K-Healthcare?: Medical Tourism and the Hallyu-ification of Korea’s National Healthcare System
Creators: name: Austria, Fedelle
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical tourism
subject: Nation-Branding
subject: Korea (South)
subject: Hallyu
subject: Stanford Global Studies
subject: East Asian Studies

description: The term “Hallyu” has collectively been defined as Korean popular culture. It is widely seen as a phenomenon with studies assessing the impact of South Korean culture on politics, international relations, and global media consumption. However, the continued efforts of the Korean government to utilize the “wave” in other economic industries outside cultural exports suggest that Hallyu is less a local product and has become a political and economic framework in which to expand South Korea’s “middle power” profile. The objective of this thesis is to provide grounds for studying medical tourism through geopolitical lenses as 1) country perception is a significant factor in choosing a medical destination and 2) the explicit aspirations of the Korean government to utilize the industry to build diplomatic relations, as seen in the successes of Hallyu, demand whether the medical tourism industry is a worthwhile investment.
Lifetimes of antiferromagnetic magnons in two and three dimensions: experiment, theory, and numerics
Creators: name: Bayrakci, S. P.
name: Tennant, D. A.
name: Leininger, Ph.
name: Keller, T.
name: Gibson, M. C. R.
name: Wilson, S. D.
name: Birgeneau, R. J.
name: Keimer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-resolution neutron spectroscopic technique is used to measure momentum-resolved magnon lifetimes in the prototypical two- and three-dimensional antiferromagnets Rb2MnF4 and MnF2, over the full Brillouin zone and a wide range of temperatures. We rederived theories of the lifetime resulting from magnon-magnon scattering, thereby broadening their applicability beyond asymptotically small regions of wavevector and temperature. Corresponding computations, combined with a small contribution reflecting collisions with domain boundaries, yield excellent quantitative agreement with the data.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The monoidal structure of strictification
Creators: name: Gurski, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the monoidal structure of the standard strictification functor $\textrm{st}:\mathbf{Bicat} \rightarrow \mathbf{2Cat}$. In doing so, we construct monoidal structures on the 2-category whose objects are bicategories and on the 2-category whose objects are 2-categories.
Quantifying Social Network Dynamics
Creators: name: Michalski, Radosław
name: Bródka, Piotr
name: Kazienko, Przemysław
name: Juszczyszyn, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic character of most social networks requires to model evolution of networks in order to enable complex analysis of theirs dynamics. The following paper focuses on the definition of differences between network snapshots by means of Graph Differential Tuple. These differences enable to calculate the diverse distance measures as well as to investigate the speed of changes. Four separate measures are suggested in the paper with experimental study on real social network data.
description: In proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computational Aspects of Social Networks, CASoN 2012
NNLO QCD results for diphoton production at the LHC and the Tevatron
Creators: name: Cieri, Leandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider direct diphoton production in hadron collisions. We compute the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD radiative corrections at the fully-differential level. Our calculation is based on the q_T subtraction formalism and it is implemented in a parton level Monte Carlo program, which allows the user to apply arbitrary kinematical cuts on the final-state photons and the associated jet activity, and to compute the corresponding distributions in the form of bin histograms. We present selected numerical results related to Higgs boson searches and diphoton studies performed at the LHC and the Tevatron, and we show how the NNLO corrections to diphoton production are relevant to understand the main background of the decay channel (H -> gamma gamma) of the Higgs boson H.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the XXVII Rencontres de Physique de la Vall\'ee d'Aoste. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.3143, arXiv:1207.3252
Perturbative stability of catenoidal soap films
Creators: name: Jana, Soumya
name: Kar, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbative stability of catenoidal soap films formed between parallel, equal radii, coaxial rings is studied using analytical and semi-analytical methods. Using a theorem on the nature of eigenvalues for a class of Sturm--Liouville operators, we show that for the given boundary conditions, azimuthally asymmetric perturbations are stable, while symmetric perturbations lead to an instability--a result demonstrated in Ben Amar et. al [7] using numerics and experiment. Further, we show how to obtain the lowest real eigenvalue of perturbations, using the semi-analytical Asymptotic Iteration Method (AIM). Conclusions using AIM support the analytically obtained result as well as the results in [7]. Finally, we compute the eigenfunctions and show, pictorially, how the perturbed soap film evolves in time.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Nonequilibrium glass transitions in driven and active matter
Creators: name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Kurchan, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The glass transition, extensively studied in dense fluids, polymers, or colloids, corresponds to a dramatic evolution of equilibrium transport coefficients upon a modest change of control parameter, like temperature or pressure. A similar phenomenology is found in many systems evolving far from equilibrium, such as driven granular media, active and living matter. While many theories compete to describe the glass transition at thermal equilibrium, very little is understood far from equilibrium. Here, we solve the dynamics of a specific, yet representative, class of glass models in the presence of nonthermal driving forces and energy dissipation, and show that a dynamic arrest can take place in these nonequilibrium conditions. While the location of the transition depends on the specifics of the driving mechanisms, important features of the glassy dynamics are insensitive to details, suggesting that an `effective' thermal dynamics generically emerges at long time scales in nonequilibrium systems close to dynamic arrest.
description: 7 pages, 2 figs
Polar Data Centre Geophysics book including Jupyter Notebooks for airborne geophysics and Bedmap projects - Snapshot
Creators: name: Fremand, Alice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: code
Antarctica
geophysics
radio-echo soundng (RES)
Jupyter Notebook

description: We present here the codes used to create the Polar Data Centre Geophysics book (https://antarctica.github.io/PDC_GeophysicsBook/). The codes are presented as Jupyter Notebooks written in Python (one in Matlab) that help any user to read, edit and map polar airborne geophysics datasets published via the Polar airborne geophysics data portal (https://www.bas.ac.uk/project/nagdp/) or Bedmap (https://www.bas.ac.uk/project/bedmap/) project. Data are available from the UK Polar Data Centre (https://data.bas.ac.uk/)
description: {"references": ["https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-355", "https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3379-2022"]}
You digitized it, but now what? Exploring computational methods for extracting biodiversity data from historical collections
Creators: name: Whitmire, Amanda
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity
subject: Text data mining
subject: Natural language processing

description: Climate change is driving rapid changes in our biosphere on local and global scales. Our capacity to understand these shifts relies entirely upon two critical things: long-term observations, and an ability to discover and access them. Species occurrence data, which includes the occurrence of a species at a particular place on a specified date, are foundational to understanding biodiversity and tracking changes due to the effects of climate change. Open knowledge bases that gather species occurrence records enable researchers to assess spatio-temporal changes in biodiversity, but observations from the past recorded on paper are often missing. Libraries at several academic marine research stations on the West Coast of North America hold large physical collections of undergraduate student reports. These reports include field observations of species occurrences and populations recorded over a span of nine decades. Each library collection is important within its local context, but taken collectively these papers represent an extremely valuable corpus for conducting biodiversity research. Even after digitization, however, observational data in these papers are still “hidden” in the text. Reading and extracting those data by hand is an effort we cannot realistically undertake. In this presentation, I will describe a collaborative project in which we explore the potential of natural language processing, machine learning, and data visualization to identify and verify species occurrences in unpublished student research papers. I will review how we approach identifying relevant entities in the texts, link them to taxonomic authorities, and create derivative datasets. The final goal of the project is to serve the species occurrence metadata to relevant aggregators, e.g., the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The overarching message of this talk will be how we can take advantage of computational methods to amplify the work of information professionals in surfacing historical biodiversity data.
title: Тысяцкий Есиф
Creators: name: Бассалыго, Леонид
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Приведенные в статье доводы  позволяют отождествить тысяцкого Есифа с тысяцким Есифом Фалелеевичем.
Microwave spectroscopy on heavy-fermion systems: probing the dynamics of charges and magnetic moments
Creators: name: Scheffler, Marc
name: Schlegel, Katrin
name: Clauss, Conrad
name: Hafner, Daniel
name: Fella, Christian
name: Dressel, Martin
name: Jourdan, Martin
name: Sichelschmidt, Jörg
name: Krellner, Cornelius
name: Geibel, Christoph
name: Steglich, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigating solids with light gives direct access to charge dynamics, electronic and magnetic excitations. For heavy fermions, one has to adjust the frequency of the probing light to the small characteristic energy scales, leading to spectroscopy with microwaves. We review general concepts of the frequency-dependent conductivity of heavy fermions, including the slow Drude relaxation and the transition to a superconducting state, which we also demonstrate with experimental data taken on UPd2Al3. We discuss the optical response of a Fermi liquid and how it might be observed in heavy fermions. Microwave studies with focus on quantum criticality in heavy fermions concern the charge response, but also the magnetic moments can be addressed via electron spin resonance (ESR). We discuss the case of YbRh2Si2, the open questions concerning ESR of heavy fermions, and how these might be addressed in the future. This includes an overview of the presently available experimental techniques for microwave studies on heavy fermions, with a focus on broadband studies using the Corbino approach and on planar superconducting resonators.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, proceedings of QCnP 2012
The contemporary distribution of grasses in Australia: A process of immigration, dispersal and shifting dominance
Creators: name: Bryceson, Susanna
name: Hemming, KTM
name: Duncan, RP
name: Morgan, John
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 310308
subject: Terrestrial ecology
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences
classificationCode: 379901
subject: Earth system sciences
classificationCode: 37
subject: Earth sciences
classificationCode: 410102
subject: Ecological impacts of climate change and ecological adaptation

description: Aim: Little is known about the distribution of grasses throughout Australia. Using endemism as a basis for understanding biogeographical distributions, we hypothesised that contemporary species richness would be the result of environmental factors and dynamic ecological interactions spanning more than 25 Ma. Location: Australia. Taxon: Grasses. Methods: We mapped the distribution of all Australian grass species and modelled climatic and landscape correlates according to photosynthetic type (C3 or C4), endemism, age in Australia, phylogenetic lineage and traits linked to dominance, using height as a proxy. Age classes comprised ‘Ancient’ (Gondwanan), and three others related to migration during the Sunda-Sahul Interchange (SSI): Early, Mid or Recent. In some analyses, ‘Ancient’, ‘Early SSI’ and ‘Mid SSI’ were combined into ‘Pre-Recent SSI’. Results: Overall, species richness of C4 grasses increased with warmer mean annual temperatures, while richness of C3 grasses was higher in cooler areas. Recent SSI species had strong associations with summer rains and were dominant in the continent's northeast, with Pre-Recent SSI species concentrated in the southeast, a pattern largely reflecting photosynthetic type (C4 and C3 respectively). Endemic and shared species distribution patterns support a migration sequence in which most C3 Pooideae and Panicoideae genera arrived in Australia before the Pliocene aridifications, followed by C4 Chloridoideae as aridification increased, with C4 Andropogoneae immigrating most recently across Lake Carpentaria's open habitats in the later Pleistocene. Recent SSI shared species were significantly taller than Pre-Recent SSI endemic grasses. Main Conclusions: The few grasses present in Australia before the Pliocene grew in cooler areas. The influx of taller Recent SSI grasses contributed to dramatic environmental changes—including creation of the northern savannas—with repercussions for resident taxa. Contemporary methods of fuel management could be promoting invasion by grass, thereby jeopardising the conditions suited to ancient taxa and threatening the region's evolutionary history.
Assessing the Evolution and Impacts of Brazilian Hydropower
Creators: name: Harrison, David
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hydropower
subject: Brazil
subject: Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: Sustainable development

description: For over a century, hydropower has represented the largest source of Brazilian electricity, supplying more than three-quarters of power today. This paper traces Brazil’s reliance on hydropower over the 20th century alongside a growing concern for the impacts of industrialization on the environment, which culminated in the implementation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in 1988. The adoption of the EIA was a defining moment for Brazilian environmental regulation. It required detailed analysis of proposed projects and allowed officials to make informed decisions regarding environmental and social impacts. This paper conducts a review of the EIA system, including both its global and Brazilian implementation, its influence on hydropower projects, and the fundamental challenges it faces as a regulatory tool. The theoretical evaluation of the EIA is expanded on through the comparison of Brazil’s largest Amazonian hydropower projects, the Tucuruí Dam, constructed before the EIA, and the Belo Monte Dam, constructed after. This comparative analysis demonstrates that the EIA has significantly altered the planning of hydropower dams, while also highlighting flaws in the EIA process that undermine its ability to mitigate environmental and social impacts. Although it is possible to reduce certain impacts associated with hydropower, this study suggests that issues such as deforestation, flooding, mass-displacement, loss of ecosystems, greenhouse gas emissions, and impacts on indigenous peoples are virtually unavoidable when constructing mega-dams within the Amazon region. These results recommend a renewed focus on alternative energy sources and necessitate careful consideration of hydropower’s role in Brazilian sustainable development.
Millimeter Wave Beamforming for Wireless Backhaul and Access in Small Cell Networks
Creators: name: Hur, Sooyoung
name: Kim, Taejoon
name: Love, David J.
name: Krogmeier, James V.
name: Thomas, Timothy A.
name: Ghosh, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, there has been considerable interest in new tiered network cellular architectures, which would likely use many more cell sites than found today. Two major challenges will be i) providing backhaul to all of these cells and ii) finding efficient techniques to leverage higher frequency bands for mobile access and backhaul. This paper proposes the use of outdoor millimeter wave communications for backhaul networking between cells and mobile access within a cell. To overcome the outdoor impairments found in millimeter wave propagation, this paper studies beamforming using large arrays. However, such systems will require narrow beams, increasing sensitivity to movement caused by pole sway and other environmental concerns. To overcome this, we propose an efficient beam alignment technique using adaptive subspace sampling and hierarchical beam codebooks. A wind sway analysis is presented to establish a notion of beam coherence time. This highlights a previously unexplored tradeoff between array size and wind-induced movement. Generally, it is not possible to use larger arrays without risking a corresponding performance loss from wind-induced beam misalignment. The performance of the proposed alignment technique is analyzed and compared with other search and alignment methods. The results show significant performance improvement with reduced search time.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Communications for possible publication
The effect of a large-scale water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention in Bangladesh on knowledge, behavior, and health: findings from an endline evaluation of a matched-pair cluster-controlled trial
Creators: name: Aluri, Kelly
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bangladesh
subject: Water, sanitation, and hygiene
subject: Community health workers

description: Background: Diarrhea is a leading cause of child death in Bangladesh, where water quality, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) technology and behavior uptake is low. From 2007 to 2012, the Sanitation, Hygiene Education, and Water Supply in Bangladesh Programme (SHEWA-B) aimed to improve WASH practices among 20 million rural residents through community hygiene promoters (CHPs). In 2010, the team implemented changes to improve the intervention, including simplifying messages and incentivizing CHP performance. This study evaluates the impact of SHEWA-B on knowledge, behavior, and childhood diarrhea outcomes after midline changes were applied.
Methods: This study included repeated cross-sectional surveys with embedded matched cohorts in intervention and control clusters. Cross-sectional surveys and structured observations at baseline, midline, and endline assessed the availability of WASH technology, caregiver knowledge, and behavior. Fieldworkers collected longitudinal monthly health data in a subset of control and intervention households to determine prevalence of diarrhea.
Results: Of 5091 households surveyed, participants residing in intervention clusters showed minimal improvements in knowledge, reported behavior, or use of WASH technology compared to the control clusters. Comparing endline to baseline, intervention clusters showed a greater increase in knowledge that washing hands before preparing food is important. Comparing endline to midline, intervention clusters showed a greater increase in use of improved latrines, but there were no differences in changes to any other indicators. During structured observations, intervention households improved more than control households at handwashing before preparing food and after cleaning a baby’s anus when comparing endline to baseline, but these changes were not seen when comparing endline to midline. Before midline changes were made, the prevalence of diarrhea among children remained similar in the intervention group (10.2%) and control group (10.0%). After midline changes were made, the prevalence continued to remain similar within each group (8.8% in intervention, 11.7% in control). The intervention clusters showed no improvement in diarrhea over time compared to the control.
Conclusion: SHEWA-B’s community-based WASH promotion did not yield the intended impact on knowledge, behavior, or health. This study shows that even after changes were implemented midway through the intervention, the intervention impact was limited. Greater priority should be given to approaches that have demonstrated effectiveness and more evaluations should be undertaken to improve large-scale programs.
X-ray properties of the young open clusters HM1 and IC2944/2948
Creators: name: Naze, Yael
name: Rauw, Gregor
name: Sana, Hugues
name: Corcoran, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using XMM data, we study for the first time the X-ray emission of HM1 and IC2944/2948. Low-mass, pre-main-sequence objects with an age of a few Myr are detected, as well as a few background or foreground objects. Most massive stars in both clusters display the usual high-energy properties of that type of objects, though with log(Lx/Lbol) apparently lower in HM1 than in IC2944/2948. Compared with studies of other clusters, it seems that a low signal-to-noise ratio at soft energies, due to the high extinction, may be the main cause of this difference. In HM1, the two Wolf-Rayet stars show contrasting behaviors: WR89 is extremely bright, but much softer than WR87. It remains to be seen whether wind-wind collisions or magnetically confined winds can explain these emissions. In IC2944/2948, the X-ray sources concentrate around HD101205; a group of massive stars to the north of this object is isolated, suggesting that there exist two subclusters in the field-of-view.
description: 29 pages in total with 10 figures (12 pages paper + supplementary material), accepted by A&A
title: Двусторонняя каменная иконка из собрания П. И. Щукина (Москва, ГИМ)
Creators: name: Пуцко, Василий
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: В статье представлен анализ каменной иконки из коллекции, вклю¬ченной в собрание Государственного Исторического музея в Москве, датируемой рубежом ХIII–ХIV в., с изображениями Богоматери Умиление в окружении семи спящих эфесских отроков и святителя Николы с житием, в серебряной оправе начала ХV в. Установлен ее новгородский историко-художественный контекст, отмечена венецианская аналогия композиции на лицевой стороне изделия, а также уникальность воспроизведения житийного цикла св. Николы.
Fintech in the Blue Pacific: Opportunities for Collaboration and Competition
Creators: name: Yee, Maili
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Stanford Global Studies, East Asian Studies, South Pacific, Pacific, Fintech, Sustainable Development

description: Abstract: Triggered by China's increased presence in the region in recent years, the U.S., Australia and their allies have shifted greater focus and resources toward geo-strategic competition in the Indo-Pacific. Unwilling to be manipulated into big power politics, Pacific Island leaders have openly criticized this practice of treating the two oceans as a single strategic space and the frequent denial of the agency of Pacific Island nations. Unified under the Pacific Islands Forum, these nations have together set their strategic vision for the future in the 2050 Strategy for the Blue Pacific Continent. Combatting climate change and sustainable development rank highest in priority for these islands on the frontline of sea level rise. Influence in the region will be most determined through careful navigation by the Island nations themselves in leveraging partnerships with new and traditional allies. My research examines the opportunity for fintech to promote sustainable development in the region and as an area for potential collaboration and competition amongst world powers as Sino-US tensions continue to unfold.
title: Нумизматический памятник  «Смутного времени» из фондов Новгородского музея
Creators: name: Волков, Иван
name: Гайдуков, Петр
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Статья посвящена введению в научный оборот небольшого клада, содержащего 82 русские серебряные копейки XVI – начала XVII в. в поливной кубышке. Комплекс был найден в 1972 г. и поступил целиком в Новгородский музей. Особое значение имеет тот факт, что почти половина монет клада – копейки с именем Василия Шуйского, чеканившиеся шведскими властями в оккупированном Новгороде в 1612–1614 гг. Публикуемый комплекс представляет собой очень редкий памятник денежного обращения северо-запада русских земель второго десятилетия XVII в.
“I Can’t Get Distracted with Stupid Things Like Being in Love”: Students’ Perceptions of Stress and Support in an Academically Demanding University in Mexico
Creators: name: Alvarez Vidaña, María José
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mexico
subject: Higher education
subject: Academic stress
subject: Student support
subject: Academic excellence
subject: Mental health services
subject: Stanford Graduate School of Education International Education Policy Analysis

description: Research suggests that students in academically demanding programs perceive higher levels of stress when compared to their peers. However, extant literature has largely overlooked sources of stress and support in academically demanding universities in Mexico. This study explores university students’ perceptions of an academically demanding public university in Mexico to understand what characteristics students identify as stressors and whether and how their university supports their mental health. This article draws on data from two rounds of semi-structured interviews with ten students from the university. The findings show that the main stressors students identified come from the academic responsibilities required to stay or succeed in the university; and from the expectations from others, which pressure students to act a certain way to feel a sense of belonging at the institution. Students reported feeling supported by economic aid and peers. However, they expressed feeling a lack of empathy, validation, and support from professors when they are in distress. The findings also show that students do not find the university’s mental health services helpful. Instead, they seek help from private psychologists, family, or friends in times of distress. This study makes recommendations on how to create open and trusting communication channels between students and faculty. It also invites higher education institutions to reevaluate their vision of academic excellence and reflect on the cost it might have on students’ well-being if students are not supported to thrive in their university environment.
RadioAstron -- a Telescope with a Size of 300 000 km: Main Parameters and First Observational Results
Creators: name: Kardashev, N. S.
name: Khartov, V. V.
name: collaboration, RadioAstron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Russian Academy of Sciences and Federal Space Agency, together with the participation of many international organizations, worked toward the launch of the RadioAstron orbiting space observatory with its onboard 10-m reflector radio telescope from the Baikonur cosmodrome on July 18, 2011. Together with some of the largest ground-based radio telescopes and a set of stations for tracking, collecting, and reducing the data obtained, this space radio telescope forms a multi-antenna ground-space radio interferometer with extremely long baselines, making it possible for the first time to study various objects in the Universe with angular resolutions a million times better than is possible with the human eye. The project is targeted at systematic studies of compact radio-emitting sources and their dynamics. Objects to be studied include supermassive black holes, accretion disks, and relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei, stellar-mass black holes, neutron stars and hypothetical quark stars, regions of formation of stars and planetary systems in our and other galaxies, interplanetary and interstellar plasma, and the gravitational field of the Earth. The results of ground-based and inflight tests of the space radio telescope carried out in both autonomous and ground-space interferometric regimes are reported. The derived characteristics are in agreement with the main requirements of the project. The astrophysical science program has begun.
description: 54 pages, 11 figures; published by Astronomicheskij Zhurnal (in Russian) and Astronomy Reports (in English)
title: Новгородцы и Михаил  Романов в 1613–1617 гг.
Creators: name: Коваленко, Геннадий
name: Рабинович, Яков
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: В условиях паралича власти в широких кругах русского общества становится популярной мысль о том, что Смута может прекратиться только «государьским сыном». В этой ситуации исторические, политические и географические особенности региона послужили главной причиной того, что, поддержав кандидатуру шведского принца, Новгород стал альтернативой Москве, призвавшей на российский престол королевича Владислава.
После избрания на царство Михаила Романова Новгород стал своего рода буферной зоной между Москвой и Стокгольмом. В 1615 г. новгородское посольство в Москву явилось исходным пунктом русско-шведских переговоров, закончившихся в 1617 г. подписанием Столбовского мира, по которому Новгород был возвращен России.
Extra-dimensional metamaterials: simple models of inflation and metric signature transitions
Creators: name: Smolyaninov, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattices of topological defects, such as Abrikosov lattices and domain wall lattices often arise as metastable ground states in higher-dimensional field theoretical models. We demonstrate that such lattice states may be described as extra-dimensional metamaterials via higher-dimensional effective medium theory. A 4+1 dimensional extension of Maxwell electrodynamics with a compactified time-like dimension has been considered as an example. It is demonstrated that from the point of view of macroscopic electrodynamics an Abrikosov lattice state in such a 4+1 dimensional spacetime may be described as a uniaxial hyperbolic metamaterial. Extraordinary photons perceive this medium as a 3+1 dimensional Minkowski spacetime in which one of the original spatial dimensions (the optical axis of the metamaterial) plays the role of a new time-like coordinate. Since metric signature of this effective space-time depends on the Abrikosov lattice periodicity, the described model may be useful in studying metric signature transitions. A particular kind of metric signature transition understood as a macroscopic medium effect may emulate cosmological inflation.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Spatially localized solutions of shear flows
Creators: name: Gibson, J. F.
name: Brand, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76E30

description: We present several new spatially localized equilibrium and traveling-wave solutions of plane Couette and channel flows. The solutions exhibit strikingly concentrated regions of vorticity that are flanked on either side by high-speed streaks. For several traveling-wave solutions of channel flow, the concentrated vortex structures are confined to the near-wall region and form particularly isolated and elemental coherent structures in the near-wall region of shear flows. The solutions are constructed by a variety of methods: application of windowing functions to previously known spatially periodic solutions, continuation from plane Couette to channel flow conditions, and from initial guesses obtained from turbulent simulation data. We show how the symmetries of localized solutions derive from the symmetries of their periodic counterparts, analyze the exponential decay of their tails, examine the scale separation and scaling of their streamwise Fourier modes, and show that they develop critical layers for large Reynolds numbers.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures
Seismic Images Segmentation with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Petrov, Sergei
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image segmentation
subject: Seismic interpretation
subject: Reservoir characterization
subject: Semi-supervised learning

description: The task of seismic facies classification with machine learning has gained momentum and is currently receiving significant attention from researchers. The capabilities of modern neural networks encourage experiments dedicated to finding optimal ways of applying them to the seismic images segmentation task. It is, however, non-trivial to apply conventional machine learning techniques to seismic data. Obtaining labels when working with seismic data is very expensive; labeled data is scarce overall and knowledge generally is not transferrable from one dataset to another; representing a distribution of an entire dataset with labeled data of limited size is often challenging. Due to the seismic data volumes, inference time for machine learning algorithms can be a point of concern. These and some other aspects of applying machine learning to the seismic images segmentation task and seismic data in general are what we seek to address in this work. The topic is vast and requires a lot of time and resources to be tackled robustly. We, therefore, do not aim to provide solutions but rather highlight some key issues, give a possible direction for further investigations, and speculate on the results of experiments.
Spin squeezing in a Rydberg lattice clock
Creators: name: Gil, L. I. R.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Bridge, E. M.
name: Jones, M. P. A.
name: Pohl, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Squeezed many-body states of atoms are a valuable resource for high precision frequency metrology and could tremendously boost the performance of atomic lattice clocks. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a viable approach to spin squeezing in lattice clocks via optical dressing of one clock state to a highly excited Rydberg state, generating switchable atomic interactions. For realistic experimental parameters, this is shown to generate over 10 dB of squeezing in a few microseconds interaction time without affecting the subsequent clock interrogation.
La France, le Rwanda et le génocide des Tutsi (1990-1994) - Rapport remis au Président de la République
Creators: name: Duclert, Vincent
name: Commission de recherche sur les archives françaises relatives au Rwanda et au génocide des Tutsi - Présidence de la République
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Africa
Rwanda
France

description: Report by commissioned by the French President to the Commission of research on French archives relative to Rwanda and the genocide of the Tutsi (1990-1994), presented to French President Emmanuel Macron on March 26, 2021.  Rapport de la Commission de recherche sur les archives françaises relatives au Rwanda et au génocide des Tutsi (1990-1994) remis au Président de la République le 26 mars 2021 à Paris.
Pseudo-rapidity Distributions of Charged Hadrons in pp and pA Collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Wang, Hong-Min
name: Liu, Jia-Fu
name: Hou, Zhao-Yu
name: Sun, Xian-Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of Color Glass Condensate, the pseudo-rapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp and pA collisions at the LHC are studied with the UGD function from the GBW model. With a $χ^{2}$ analysis of the CMS data in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=0.9,~2.36,~7$ TeV, the normalization factor is obtained and the theoretical results are in good agreement with the perimental data. Then, considering the influence of nucleon hard partons distribution on the number of participants in pA collisions by a Glauber Monte Carlo method, we give the predictive results for the multiplicity distributions in p+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}=4.4$ TeV.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Preparing College Students for a Digital Age:  A Survey of Instructional Approaches to Spotting Misinformation
Creators: name: Ziv, Nadav
name: Bene, Emma
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: digital literacy
subject: misinformation
subject: Media literacy
subject: online reasoning

description: Misinformation has become a regular feature of the Internet. Research suggests that everyone, including young people who have grown up with digital devices, struggles to differentiate fact from fiction online because they read closely rather than turn to external sources. We analyzed the resources students find when they seek advice offered by college or university web sites on evaluating the credibility of online information. A random sample of 50 universities indicated that for nearly all institutions, students are advised to engage in close reading to determine credibility. We conclude by recommending that institutions overhaul how they teach students to evaluate online sources.
The structure of planar defects in tilted perovskites
Creators: name: Beanland, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mathematical framework is developed to describe tilted perovskites using a tensor description of octahedral deformations. The continuity of octahedral tilts through the crystal is described using an operator which relates the deformations of adjacent octahedra; examination of the properties of this operator upon application of symmetry elements allows the space group of tilted perovskites to be obtained. It is shown that the condition of octahedral continuity across a planar defect such as an anti-phase boundary or domain wall necessarily leads to different octahedral tilting at the defect, and a method is given to predict the local tilt system which will occur in any given case. Planar boundaries in the rhombohedral R3c a-a-a- tilt system are considered as an example.
description: 20 pages, 4 Figures
Outcomes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White pediatric and young adult patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after commercial tisagenlecleucel
Creators: name: Vandris, Panayiotis
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cellular therapy

description: Population-level data show significantly inferior outcomes for Hispanic children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYA) diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relative to non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients, even after adjusting for disease prognosticators and socioeconomic status. Here, we compare outcomes between Hispanic and NHW CAYA patients with relapsed and/or refractory (R/R) B-cell ALL (B-ALL) receiving tisagenlecleucel, a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. We used data from the Pediatric Real World CAR Consortium (PRWCC) retrospective cohort of 200 patients who underwent cell shipment to Novartis for standard-of-care tisagenlecleucel between August 2017 and March 2020 at 15 US institutions. Baseline factors, efficacy outcomes, and safety outcomes were characterized for Hispanic and NHW infused patients. With respect to baseline factors, Hispanic patients were significantly older at diagnosis and had significantly shorter time from diagnosis to infusion. Hispanic and NHW patients did not significantly differ across sex, age at CAR infusion, leukemia type, number of prior lines of therapy, receipt of prior CD19-directed therapy, disease burden pre-infusion, number of relapses pre-infusion, or initial cytogenetic risk. With respect to efficacy outcomes, Hispanic and NHW patients did not significantly differ across day 28 complete response (CR) rate, 6-month overall survival (OS), 1-year OS, 18-month OS, 6-month event-free survival (EFS), 1-year EFS, 18-month EFS, 6-month duration of response (DOR), 1-year DOR, 6-month duration of B-cell aplasia (DBA), or 1-year DBA. Univariate and multivariate analyses did not associate Hispanic ethnicity with a change in OS, EFS, DOR, or DBA. With respect to safety outcomes, Hispanic and NHW patients did not significantly differ across cytokine release syndrome (CRS), maximum CRS grade, tocilizumab use, steroid use, neurotoxicity, maximum neurotoxicity grade, grade 4 neutropenia, tumor lysis syndrome, number of infections post-infusion, or length of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay. Both efficacy and safety outcomes were similar between Hispanic and NHW CAYA R/R B-ALL patients receiving tisagenlecleucel in the real-world setting. Increasing access to CAR therapy among Hispanic patients could help mitigate population-level disparities in outcomes.
Finding the Rashba-type spin-splitting from interband scattering in quasiparticle interference maps
Creators: name: Steinbrecher, Manuel
name: Harutyunyan, Hasmik
name: Ast, Christian R.
name: Wegner, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the BiCu$_2$/Cu(111) surface alloy using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. We observed standing waves caused by scattering off defects and step edges. Different from previous studies on similar Rashba-type surfaces, we identified multiple scattering vectors that originate from various intraband as well as interband scattering processes. A detailed energy-dependent analysis of the standing-wave patterns enables a quantitative determination of band dispersions, including the Rashba splitting. The results are in good agreement with ARPES data and demonstrate the usefulness of this strategy to determine the band structure of Rashba systems. The lack of other possible scattering channels will be discussed in terms of spin conservation and hybridization effects. The results open new possibilities to study spin-dependent scattering on complex spin-orbit coupled surfaces.
description: Physical Review B, accepted
Angle-resolved X-ray photoemission electron microscopy
Creators: name: Menteş, Tevfik Onur
name: Locatelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchrotron based photoemission electron microscopy with energy filter combines real space imaging with microprobe diffraction ($μ$-ARPES), giving access to the local electronic structure of laterally inhomogeneous materials. We present here an overview of the capabilities of this technique, illustrating selected applications of angle resolved photoemission electron microscopy and related microprobe methods. In addition, we report the demonstration of a darkfield XPEEM (df-XPEEM) imaging method for real space mapping of the electronic structure away from $Γ$ at a lateral resolution of few tens of nm. The application of df-XPEEM to the (1$\times$12)-O/W(110) model oxide structure shows the high sensitivity of this technique to the local electronic structure, allowing to image domains with inequivalent adsorption site symmetry. Perspectives of angle resolved PEEM are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, the article belongs to a special issue "Photoelectron microscopy, Time resolved pump-probe PES" (Edited By Maya Kiskinova and Andreas Scholl)