cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mock Referenda for Intergenerational Decision-making
Creators: name: Kopp, Raymond J.
name: Portney, Paul R.
name: Kopp, Raymond J.
name: Portney, Paul R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: discounting
subject: non-market valuation
subject: intergenerational equity
subject: contingent valuation

description: Traditional applications of benefit-cost analysis make use of what we refer to as the "damage function and discounting" (or DFD) approach. This approach is well-suited to the analysis of projects for which the principal benefits and costs occur within the next thirty to forty years, say. However, for projects with significant intergenerational consequences--i.e., impacts that do not arise for hundreds of years or more--the DFD approach becomes almost intractable. We propose an alternative conception of benefit-cost analysis for intergenerational decision-making--the mock referendum--that is: (i) arguably more consistent with the tenets of modern welfare economics; (ii) more amenable to the analysis of long-term projects or policies; and (iii) consistent with political decision(s) that must be made if climate mitigation (or other long-term environmental protection) measures are to be taken.
Distance determinations using type II supernovae and the expanding photosphere method
Creators: name: Dessart, Luc
name: Hillier, D. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to their high intrinsic brightness, type II supernovae (SN) can be used as lighthouses to constrain distances in the Universe using variants of the Baade-Wesselink method. Based on a large set of CMFGEN models (Hillier & Miller 1998) covering the photospheric phase of type II SN, we study the various concepts entering one such technique, the Expanding Photosphere Method (EPM). We compute correction factors $ξ$ needed to approximate the synthetic Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) with that of a blackbody at temperature $T$. Our $ξ$, although similar, are systematically greater, by $\sim 0.1$, than the values obtained by Eastman et al. (1996). This translate into a systematic enhancement of 10-20% in EPM-distances. We find that line emission and absorption, not directly linked to color temperature variations, can considerably alter the synthetic magnitude, and cause above-unity $ξ$-values. Optically-thick lines, present in the optical at late-times, can also introduce a strong wavelength-dependence of the photospheric radius, invalidating the use of the Baade method. Both the impact of line-blanketing on the SED and the photospheric radius at low $T$ suggest that the EPM is best used at early times, when the outflow is fully ionized and line-opacity mostly confined to the UV range. We also investigate how reliably one can measure the photospheric velocity from P-Cygni line profiles. Contrary to the usually held belief, the velocity at maximum absorption in the P-Cygni trough of optically-thick lines can both {\it overestimate or underestimate} the photospheric velocity, with a magnitude that depends on the SN outflow density gradient and the optical thickness of the line.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Allocation of Orbit and Spectrum Resources for Regional Communications: What's at Stake?
Creators: name: MacAuley, Molly K.
name: MacAuley, Molly K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: outer space
subject: communications satellites
subject: pricing natural resources

description: Contentious debate surrounds allocation of the geostationary orbit and electromagnetic spectrum, two resources used by communications satellites. An extensive economics literature alleges that the nonmarket administrative allocative procedures now in place are highly inefficient, but no research has empirically estimated the welfare loss. This paper develops a conceptual framework and a computerized model to estimate the economic value of the resources, the size and distribution of welfare costs associated with the present regulatory regime, and the potential gains from more market-like allocation.
Forecasting World Crop Yields as Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Ferris, John N.
name: Ferris, John N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Traditionally, agricultural forecasts, whether for the coming year or several years into the future, have been based on assumptions of normal weather and trend crop yields. That weather is seldom normal and that yields seldom fit trends are well recognized. However, relatively little attention has been given to projecting crop yields stochastically even though computer capacity and software programs are available to do so. One reason is that the task is more challenging than to assign standard deviations to various crop yields and simulate normal distributions using random number generators. For one, deviations of crop yields from trends may be correlated especially if the locations of the crops overlap such as is the case with US corn and soybeans. To model US agriculture, those correlations must be taken into account. Secondly, deviations of crop yields from trends may not be normal. Typically, crop yield deviations are skewed to the low side, with yields lower in poor crop years than higher in favorable crop years. This paper demonstrates how computer software programs can be used to generate probability distributions of yields taking into consideration correlations among crops and non-normality in distributions. Included are thirteen crops and crop aggregates with global coverage of coarse grains, wheat and oilseeds. Probability forecasts are made for 2006 and illustrated for US corn, soybeans and wheat.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF ENSO (EL NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION) ON GLOBAL CROP YIELDS
Creators: name: Ferris, John N.
name: Ferris, John N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: El Niño
subject: ENSO
subject: forecasting crop yields
subject: long range weather forecasting
subject: agricultural modeling
subject: food security
subject: risk management

description: Forecasts of global crop yields prior to planting have generally been single values, based entirely on past trends. Regression analysis testing a combination of data from ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) and ARMA models suggests that yield forecasting errors can be reduced, generating more normal distributions of these errors. Keywords: El Niño, ENSO, forecasting crop yields, long range weather forecasting, agricultural modeling, food security, risk management
On the heterogeneous spread of COVID-19 in Chile
Creators: name: Freire-Flores, Danton
name: Llanovarced-Kawles, Nyna
name: Sanchez-Daza, Anamaria
name: Olivera-Nappa, Álvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have played a crucial role in controlling the spread of COVID-19. Nevertheless, NPI efficacy varies enormously between and within countries, mainly because of population and behavioural heterogeneity. In this work, we adapted a multi-group SEIRA model to study the spreading dynamics of COVID-19 in Chile, representing geographically separated regions of the country by different groups. We use national mobilization statistics to estimate the connectivity between regions and data from governmental repositories to obtain COVID-19 spreading and death rates in each region. We then assessed the effectiveness of different NPIs by studying the temporal evolution of the reproduction number Rt. Analyzing data-driven and model-based estimates of Rt, we found a strong coupling of different regions, highlighting the necessity of organized and coordinated actions to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we evaluated different scenarios to forecast the evolution of COVID-19 in the most densely populated regions, finding that the early lifting of restriction probably will lead to novel outbreaks.
EMERGING DEMANDS ON OUR FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM: DEVELOPMENTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL LABELING
Creators: name: Van Ravenswaay, Eileen O.
name: Van Ravenswaay, Eileen O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A growing number of consumers are demanding more environmentally benign products, and companies are meeting this demand by making environmental claims on product labels. This phenomenon has led to two policy issues. One is preventing deceptive environmental labeling. The other is whether ecolabeling should be used to achieve environmental policy goals. This paper describes national and international developments in these two policy areas and explores marketing and policy implications for the food and agricultural system.
Global Optical Control of a Quantum Spin Chain
Creators: name: Lovett, Brendon W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum processors which combine the long decoherence times of spin qubits together with fast optical manipulation of excitons have recently been the subject of several proposals. I show here that arbitrary single- and entangling two-qubit gates can be performed in a chain of perpetually coupled spin qubits solely by using laser pulses to excite higher lying states. It is also demonstrated that universal quantum computing is possible even if these pulses are applied {\it globally} to a chain; by employing a repeating pattern of four distinct qubit units the need for individual qubit addressing is removed. Some current experimental qubit systems would lend themselves to implementing this idea.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Accurate localization microscopy by intrinsic aberration calibration
Creators: name: Copeland, Craig R.
name: McGray, Craig D.
name: Ilic, B. Robert
name: Geist, Jon
name: Stavis, Samuel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A standard paradigm of localization microscopy involves extension from two to three dimensions by engineering information into emitter images, and approximation of errors resulting from the field dependence of optical aberrations. We invert this standard paradigm, introducing the concept of fully exploiting the latent information of intrinsic aberrations by comprehensive calibration of an ordinary microscope, enabling accurate localization of single emitters in three dimensions throughout an ultrawide and deep field. To complete the extraction of spatial information from microscale bodies ranging from imaging substrates to microsystem technologies, we introduce a synergistic concept of the rigid transformation of the positions of multiple emitters in three dimensions, improving precision, testing accuracy, and yielding measurements in six degrees of freedom. Our study illuminates the challenge of aberration effects in localization microscopy, redefines the challenge as an opportunity for accurate, precise, and complete localization, and elucidates the performance and reliability of a complex microelectromechanical system.
Heat conduction in one dimensional systems: Fourier law, chaos, and heat control
Creators: name: Casati, Giulio
name: LI, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a brief review of the relation between microscopic dynamical properties and the Fourier law of heat conduction as well as the connection between anomalous conduction and anomalous diffusion. We then discuss the possibility to control the heat flow.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. To be published in the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics and Fundamental Interactions, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Octo. 11-16, 2004
Multi-frame Feature Aggregation for Real-time Instrument Segmentation in Endoscopic Video
Creators: name: Lin, Shan
name: Qin, Fangbo
name: Peng, Haonan
name: Bly, Randall A.
name: Moe, Kris S.
name: Hannaford, Blake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning-based methods have achieved promising results on surgical instrument segmentation. However, the high computation cost may limit the application of deep models to time-sensitive tasks such as online surgical video analysis for robotic-assisted surgery. Moreover, current methods may still suffer from challenging conditions in surgical images such as various lighting conditions and the presence of blood. We propose a novel Multi-frame Feature Aggregation (MFFA) module to aggregate video frame features temporally and spatially in a recurrent mode. By distributing the computation load of deep feature extraction over sequential frames, we can use a lightweight encoder to reduce the computation costs at each time step. Moreover, public surgical videos usually are not labeled frame by frame, so we develop a method that can randomly synthesize a surgical frame sequence from a single labeled frame to assist network training. We demonstrate that our approach achieves superior performance to corresponding deeper segmentation models on two public surgery datasets.
description: Published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (Early Access)
ANALYSIS OF SOCIOECONOMIC DATA FOR THE SOUTHERN TIER CLUSTER OF MICHIGAN COUNTIES
Creators: name: Phillips, Jon C.
name: Phillips, Jon C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper presents an analysis of socioeconomic data for a cluster of four Michigan counties that lie on its southern border. These adjacent counties (Branch, Hillsdale, Lenawee, and St. Joseph) are part of a three-year rural development project. Data for individual counties as well as averages for the cluster are given. Topics covered include population growth, age of residents, educational attainment, unemployment, employment/jobs, sources of personal income, household income, poverty rates, and household composition. An executive summary is also provided.
Cohomology rings and formality properties of nilpotent groups
Creators: name: Macinic, Anca Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F18, 55P62 (Primary); 20J05, 55N25 (Secondary)

description: We introduce partial formality and relate resonance with partial formality properties. For instance, we show that for finitely generated nilpotent groups that are k-formal, the resonance varieties are trivial up to degree k. We also show that the cohomology ring of a nilpotent k-formal group is generated in degree 1, up to degree k+1; this criterion is necessary and sufficient for 2-step nilpotent groups to be k-formal. We compute resonance varieties for Heisenberg-type groups and deduce the degree of partial formality for this class of groups.
description: 18 pages
Critical Scaling of Compression-Driven Jamming of Athermal Frictionless Spheres in Suspension
Creators: name: Peshkov, Anton
name: Teitel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically a system of athermal, overdamped, frictionless spheres, as in a non-Brownian suspension, in two and three dimensions. Compressing the system isotropically at a fixed rate $\dotε$, we investigate the critical behavior at the jamming transition. The finite compression rate introduces a control timescale, which allows one to probe the critical timescale associated with jamming. As was found previously for steady-state shear-driven jamming, we find for compression-driven jamming that pressure obeys a critical scaling relation as a function of packing fraction $ϕ$ and compression rate $\dotε$, and that the bulk viscosity $p/\dotε$ diverges upon jamming. A scaling analysis determines the critical exponents associated with the compression-driven jamming transition. Our results suggest that stress-isotropic, compression-driven, jamming may be in the same universality class as stress-anisotropic, shear-driven, jamming.
description: 6 pages with 3 figures, plus supplemental material of 6 pages with 5 figures; revised to match published version; revisions include enhanced introduction and discussion of prior works, and additional discussion in the supplemental material
COST OF PRODUCING FRESH MARKET APPLES IN WESTERN MICHIGAN, 1998
Creators: name: Kelsey, Myron
name: Schwallier, Philip
name: Kelsey, Myron
name: Schwallier, Philip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Cost data on three high density orchard systems developed from focus group discussions in the winter and spring of 1998. The computer program utilized is available on the Fruit Area of Expertise web page at http://www.msue.msu.edu which will allow individuals to adjust this data and/or enter their own information. The staff paper includes 65 tables of consensus information from the focus group discussions. All three planting systems, vertical axe, central leader and slender spindle, took 9 years to break even under the assumptions utilized in this analysis.
[Wintu field notes]
Creators: name: Barrett, S.A.
name: Big Dick
name: Buck, Josie
name: Murphy, Jim
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: wnw
subject: Wintu language

description: Notebook with placenames for several sites; note on cover reads "Wintun Geog. used in ethno geog paper".
Driven harmonic oscillator as a quantum simulator for open systems
Creators: name: Piilo, Jyrki
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show theoretically how a driven harmonic oscillator can be used as a quantum simulator for non-Markovian damped harmonic oscillator. In the general framework, the results demonstrate the possibility to use a closed system as a simulator for open quantum systems. The quantum simulator is based on sets of controlled drives of the closed harmonic oscillator with appropriately tailored electric field pulses. The non-Markovian dynamics of the damped harmonic oscillator is obtained by using the information about the spectral density of the open system when averaging over the drives of the closed oscillator. We consider single trapped ions as a specific physical implementation of the simulator, and we show how the simulator approach reveals new physical insight into the open system dynamics, e.g. the characteristic quantum mechanical non-Markovian oscillatory behavior of the energy of the damped oscillator, usually obtained by the non-Lindblad-type master equation, can have a simple semiclassical interpretation.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. V2: Minor modifications and added 2 appendixes for more details about calculations
Imperialist legacies in East Asia: a comparative analysis of living national treasures in Japan, China, Korea, and Mongolia
Creators: name: Rutkowski, Jennie Renee
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Japan created the Living National Treasures (LNT) program to protect intangible heritage practices in 1945 following World War II. Since South Korea proposed the program to UNESCO in 1993, this heritage protection system has spread to various countries over the world. The system's purpose served as part of an effort to protect intangible cultural heritage (ICH) from the destruction caused by war and cultural assimilation from imperialism. Despite how universal the LNTs program became, many cultural and heritage studies focus primarily on Japan and its influence on Japanese heritage. Few scholars have sought to examine the program's goals and ways other Asian countries utilized it, where similar programs exist. This thesis examines the LNT programs and their structures in some East-Asian countries: Japan, Korea, China, and Mongolia. As Japan and China historically held sovereignty over Korea and Mongolia respectively I explore whether the ruling states’ ICH management and LNT programs are reflected by their former dominions.
THE FOOD SECURITY DEBATE IN WEST AFRICA FOLLOWING THE WTO AGREEMENTS ON AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Nouve, Kofi
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Nouve, Kofi
name: Staatz, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper examines the environment within which West African countries are designing their regional self-reliance food security strategy following the Uruguay Round Agreements on Agriculture (URAA). The self-reliance strategy combines regionally-coordinated domestic food production with food imports. Three aspects of the URAA-food security linkages were emphasized in this study. First, while the regional model may increase efficiency in regional food production and distribution systems, it may also restrain the flexibility and/or the effectiveness of using tariff protection when needed. Second, a formal test of structural change in food availability suggests that there have been increases in average per capita food supply in the post-URAA period. Third, under a scenario of URAA-led increases in food prices, food access may be weakened in West African net-food purchasing households, even when regional food production responded to price incentives. Besides the macro linkages emphasized in this study, microeconomic and anthropometric linkages between food security and URAA are equally important and should be addressed in subsequent studies.
Reaction-diffusion processes and non-perturbative renormalisation group
Creators: name: Canet, Léonie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to investigating non-equilibrium phase transitions to an absorbing state, which are generically encountered in reaction-diffusion processes. It is a review, based on [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 195703; Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 255703; Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 100601], of recent progress in this field that has been allowed by a non-perturbative renormalisation group approach. We mainly focus on branching and annihilating random walks and show that their critical properties strongly rely on non-perturbative features and that hence the use of a non-perturbative method turns out to be crucial to get a correct picture of the physics of these models.
description: 14 pages, submitted to J. Phys. A for the proceedings of the conference 'Renormalization Group 2005', Helsinki
Universal AdS black holes in theories with sixteen supercharges and their microstates
Creators: name: Hosseini, Seyed Morteza
name: Zaffaroni, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a universal microscopic counting for the microstates of the asymptotically AdS black holes and black strings that arise as solutions of the half-maximal gauged supergravity in four and five dimensions. These solutions can be embedded in all M-theory and type II string backgrounds with an AdS vacuum and sixteen supercharges and provide an infinite set of examples dual to $\mathcal{N}=2$ and $\mathcal{N}=4$ conformal field theories in four and three dimensions, respectively. The counting is universal and it is performed by either studying the large $N$ limit of the relevant supersymmetric index of the dual field theory or by using the charged Cardy formula.
description: 6 pages, v2: references added
MPEC 2024-T232 : 2008 FY6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Competing magnetic orders and multipolar Weyl fermions in 227 pyrochlore iridates
Creators: name: Ladovrechis, Konstantinos
name: Meng, Tobias
name: Roy, Bitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to comparably strong spin-orbit coupling and Hubbard interaction, iridium based 227 pyrochlore oxides harbor a rich confluence of competing magnetic orders and emergent multipolar Weyl quasiparticles. Here we show that this family of materials is predominantly susceptible toward the nucleation of electronic noncoplanar all-in all-out (AIAO) and three-in one-out (3I1O) orders, respectively transforming under the singlet $A_{2u}$ and triplet $T_{1u}$ representations, supporting octupolar and dipolar Weyl fermions, and favored by strong on-site Hubbard and nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic interaction. Furthermore, a coplanar magnetic order generically appears as an intermediate phase between them. This order transforms under the triplet $T_{2u}$ representation and also hosts octupolar Weyl fermions. With the AIAO and 3I1O phases possibly being realized in (Nd$_{1-x}$Pr$_{x}$)$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ when $x=0$ and 1, respectively, the intervening $T_{2u}$ order can in principle be found at an intermediate doping ($0
description: Published version: 6 Pages, 3 Figures (Supplemental Materials: As ancillary file)
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS FOR AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS USING SPSS
Creators: name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Labarta, Ricardo A.
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Labarta, Ricardo A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This document is a primer in statistics for applied economists using the SPSS statistical software. It is intended for use with a one-week training workshop designed to acquaint research professionals with basic statistical procedures for analyzing socio-economic survey data. The document introduces users to database creation and manipulation, exploratory univariate and bivariate statistics, hypothesis testing, and linear and logit regression. The text is supported with 19 text boxes that illustrate how procedures can be applied to a farm survey dataset.
Boundary Dynamics of Sweeping Interface
Creators: name: Nakanishi, Hiizu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new type of boundary dynamics is proposed to describe the interface that sweeps space to collect distributed material. Based upon geometrical consideration on a simple physical process representing a certain experiment, the dynamics is formulated as the small diffusion limit of Mullins-Sekerka problem of crystal growth. It is demonstrated that a steadily extending finger solution exists for a finite range of propagation speed, but numerical simulations suggest they are unstable and the interface shows a complex time development.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Nelson, J. Robert / Pannenberg, Wolfhart (Hrsg.), Um Einheit und Heil der Menschheit
Creators: name: Kemper, Claus
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 4 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 4
Deckeroceras Foerste 1935
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Apsidoceratidae
Deckeroceras

description: Genus Deckeroceras Foerste, 1935a
Type species
Deckeroceras adaense Foerste, 1935a, from Ada, Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, USA, lower Fernvale Formation, late Katian; by original designation.
Diagnosis
Strongly exogastrically curved conch with nearly circular cross section, becoming depressed at the aperture of the mature body chamber; broad and shallow hyponomic sinus; siphuncle positioned near venter but not marginal; siphuncular segments nearly tubular, slightly contracted near septal foramens. (Adopted from Foerste 1935a: 93.)
Remarks
The sutures of this genus have been described as having a ventral sutural lobe in a previous genus diagnosis (Flower 1943a: 262; Sweet 1964a: K382). This is erroneous. In the original diagnosis, a ventral sutural lobe is not mentioned (Foerste 1935a: 92) and in the description of the type of the genus, the sutures are described as follows: “The sutures of the septa curve only slightly downward laterally, both the dorsal and ventral margins reaching about the same level transversely” (Foerste 1935a: 93). “Downward” here probably refers as directed toward the apex, and thus, Foerste (1935a) described a shallow lateral lobe instead of a ventral lobe in Deckeroceras. The phrase “curve downward” in (Foerste 1935a: 93) could also refer to the distal ends of the lateral suture. This issue can only be definitely resolved by revisiting the type material, which is beyond the scope of this work. Deckeroceras has been placed within the Apsidoceratidae by Flower (1943a) and Sweet (1964a: K382) without explicit justification. A classification of this genus is equally possible within the Uranoceratidae (based on the family diagnosis given in Sweet 1964a: K374). Here, Deckeroceras is provisionally placed within the Uranoceratidae, to emphasize the similarity of this genus with Warburgoceras Kröger, 2013 and its relation to the early evolution of the Ascocerida (see discussion in Kröger 2013: 83, 100).
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on pages 93-94, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
SITE-SPECIFIC VERSUS WHOLE-FIELD FERTILITY AND LIME MANAGEMENT IN MICHIGAN SOYBEANS AND CORN
Creators: name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Jones, Kezelee Q.
name: Miller, Neil R.
name: Schabenberger, O.
name: Brook, Roger
name: Warncke, Darryl
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Jones, Kezelee Q.
name: Miller, Neil R.
name: Schabenberger, O.
name: Brook, Roger
name: Warncke, Darryl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Prior research into variable-rate application (VRA) of fertilizer nutrients has found profitability to be lacking in single nutrient applications to U.S. cereal crops. This study examines the yield and cost effects of VRA phosphorus, potassium and lime application on Michigan corn and soybean farm fields in 1998-2001. After four years, we found no yield gain from site-specific management, but statistically significant added costs, resulting in no gain in profitability. Contrary to results elsewhere, there was no evidence of enhanced spatial yield stability due to site-specific fertility management. Likewise, there was no evidence of decreased variability of phosphorus, potassium or lime after VRA treatment. Site-specific response functions and yield goals might also enhance the likelihood of profitable VRA in the future.
Torus Bundles, Automorphisms and T-Duality
Creators: name: Mahmood, Hasan
name: Reid-Edwards, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider some older constructions of T-duality, based on automorphisms of the worldsheet operator algebra, in a modern context. It has been long known that at special points in the moduli space of torus compactifications, the target space gauge symmetry may be enhanced. Away from such points the symmetry is broken and T-duality may be understood as a residual discrete gauge symmetry that survives this breaking. Drawing on work on connections over the space of string backgrounds, we discuss how to generalise this framework for T-duality to geometric and non-geometric backgrounds that are not full solutions of string theory, but may play an important role in exact backgrounds. Along the way we find an interesting algebraic structure and discuss its relationship with doubled geometry. We comment on non-isometric T-duality in this context.
description: 40+8 pages. References added, typos corrected, further explanation & clarification added. Version accepted by JHEP
Dark energy and cosmological solutions in second-order string gravity
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
name: Sami, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological evolution based upon a $D$-dimensional action in low-energy effective string theory in the presence of second-order curvature corrections and a modulus scalar field (dilaton or compactification modulus). A barotropic perfect fluid coupled to the scalar field is also allowed. Phase space analysis and the stability of asymptotic solutions are performed for a number of models which include ($i$) fixed scalar field, ($ii$) linear dilaton in string frame, and ($iii$) logarithmic modulus in Einstein frame. We confront analytical solutions with observational constraints for deceleration parameter and show that Gauss-Bonnet gravity (with no matter fields) may not explain the current acceleration of the universe. We also study the future evolution of the universe using the GB parametrization and find that big rip singularities can be avoided even in the presence of a phantom fluid because of the balance between the fluid and curvature corrections. A non-minimal coupling between the fluid and the modulus field also opens up the interesting possibility to avoid big rip regardless of the details of the fluid equation of state.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures
Coalescense with arbitrary-parameter kernels and monodisperse initial conditions: A study within combinatorial framework
Creators: name: Łepek, Michał
name: Fronczak, Agata
name: Fronczak, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For this work, we studied a finite system of discreet-size aggregating particles for two types of kernels with arbitrary parameters, a condensation (or branched-chain polymerization) kernel, $K(i,j)=(A+i)(A+j)$, and a linear combination of the constant and additive kernels, $K(i,j)=A+i+j$. They were solved under monodisperse initial conditions in the combinatorial approach where discreet time is counted as subsequent states of the system. A generating function method and Lagrange inversion were used for derivations. Expressions for an average number of clusters of a given size and its corresponding standard deviation were obtained and tested against numerical simulation. High precision of the theoretical predictions can be observed for a wide range of $A$ and coagulation stages, excepting post-gel phase in the case of the condensation kernel (a giant cluster presence is preserved). For appropriate $A$, these two kernels reproduced known results of the constant, additive and product kernels. Beside a previously solved linear-chain kernel, they extend the number of arbitrary-parameter kernels solved in the combinatorial approach.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, original work. In this version, adding journal reference
Heinrich, Hans (Hrsg.), Die Wischmann-Briefe 1939 bis 1945
Creators: name: Erk, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 4 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 4
Strongly nonlinear nature of interfacial-surfactant instability of Couette flow
Creators: name: Frenkel, Alexander L.
name: Halpern, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear stages of the recently uncovered instability due to insoluble surfactant at the interface between two fluids are investigated for the case of a creeping plane Couette flow with one of the fluids a thin film and the other one a much thicker layer. Numerical simulation of strongly nonlinear longwave evolution equations which couple the film thickness and the surfactant concentration reveals that in contrast to all similar instabilities of surfactant-free flows, no amount of the interfacial shear rate can lead to a small-amplitude saturation of the instability. Thus, the flow is stable when the shear is zero, but with non-zero shear rates, no matter how small or large (while remaining below an upper limit set by the assumption of creeping flow), it will reach large deviations from the base values-- of the order of the latter or larger. It is conjectured that the time this evolution takes grows to infinity as the interfacial shear approaches zero. It is verified that the absence of small-amplitude saturation is not a singularity of the zero surface diffusivity of the interfacial surfactant.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Ribbonlength and crossing number for folded ribbon knots
Creators: name: Denne, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10

description: We study Kauffman's model of folded ribbon knots: knots made of a thin strip of paper folded flat in the plane. The ribbonlength is the length to width ratio of such a folded ribbon knot. We show for any knot or link type that there exist constants $c_1, c_2>0$ such that the ribbonlength is bounded above by $c_1\cdot Cr(K)^2$, and also by $c_2\cdot Cr(K)^{3/2}$. We use a different method for each bound. The constant $c_1$ is quite small in comparison to $c_2$, and the first bound is lower than the second for knots and links with $Cr(K)\leq$ 12,748.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures. Revision 1: Correction to Theorem 2
Image expansion using segmentation-based method
Creators: name: Murad Agha, Abdul Karim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Image enlargement is a vital process for printing images on large format printers. Image expansion introduces many new pixels to the original image. Proper values for these new pixels should be found otherwise distortion and significant degradation in the quality of the image will result. Several methods have been employed to minimize such distortion. The most popular of these methods are the pixel replication and the linear interpolation methods. This is because these methods are not computationally demanding. In this work, we develop a new image expansion method that preserves the quality of the edges in the expanded image, where other methods fail. First, the edges in the original image are extracted. For binary images we use Laplacian operator and for gray-level images we use Canny edge detector. We propose a new algorithm, which replicates the edge shape so that the edges in the expanded image do not appear zigzagged. Our algorithm expands the edges while it preserves the edge information such as the shape and the continuity of the edge. The edge-shape-replication algorithm simply, classifies the edges into two classes: short post-CCC and long post-CCC edges, each is expanded differently. Most of the original pixels keep their values after the expansion. However, the remaining pixels' values are calculated using one of three proposed techniques based on the location of the pixel whose value is to be calculated. The three locations of these pixels are pixels that lie on an edge, pixels that are adjacent to edges, and the remaining pixels areas. To compare performance of our proposed method with others, we reduced the test images to their quarter size then expanded them to their original sizes. The sum of absolute errors (SAD's) between the original image and the expanded images are calculated. Our proposed method is shown to outperform the replication, linear and cubic interpolation methods.
Noise Effects in Quantum Magic Squares Game
Creators: name: Gawron, P.
name: Miszczak, J. A.
name: Sladkowski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the article we analyse how noisiness of quantum channels can influence the magic squares quantum pseudo-telepathy game. We show that the probability of success can be used to determine characteristics of quantum channels. Therefore the game deserves more careful study aiming at its implementation.
description: 5 figures
Infinite series asymptotic expansions for decaying solutions of dissipative differential equations with non-smooth nonlinearity
Creators: name: Cao, Dat
name: Hoang, Luan
name: Kieu, Thinh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34E05, 41A60

description: We study the precise asymptotic behavior of a non-trivial solution that converges to zero, as time tends to infinity, of dissipative systems of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The nonlinear term of the equations may not possess a Taylor series expansion about the origin. This absence technically cripples previous proofs in establishing an asymptotic expansion, as an infinite series, for such a decaying solution. In the current paper, we overcome this limitation and obtain an infinite series asymptotic expansion, as time goes to infinity. This series expansion provides large time approximations for the solution with the errors decaying exponentially at any given rates. The main idea is to shift the center of the Taylor expansions for the nonlinear term to a non-zero point. Such a point turns out to come from the non-trivial asymptotic behavior of the solution, which we prove by a new and simple method. Our result applies to different classes of non-linear equations that have not been dealt with previously.
description: In press
Cantor and band spectra for periodic quantum graphs with magnetic fields
Creators: name: Bruening, Jochen
name: Geyler, Vladimir
name: Pankrashkin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an exhaustive spectral analysis of the two-dimensional periodic square graph lattice with a magnetic field. We show that the spectrum consists of the Dirichlet eigenvalues of the edges and of the preimage of the spectrum of a certain discrete operator under the discriminant (Lyapunov function) of a suitable Kronig-Penney Hamiltonian. In particular, between any two Dirichlet eigenvalues the spectrum is a Cantor set for an irrational flux, and is absolutely continuous and has a band structure for a rational flux. The Dirichlet eigenvalues can be isolated or embedded, subject to the choice of parameters. Conditions for both possibilities are given. We show that generically there are infinitely many gaps in the spectrum, and the Bethe-Sommerfeld conjecture fails in this case.
description: Misprints corrected
Lifetimes of (near) eternal false vacua
Creators: name: Cherman, Aleksey
name: Jacobson, Theodore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider examples of long-lived false vacua in quantum field theory that arise from so-called `universes'. These false vacua are protected by a $(d-1)$-form global symmetry, where $d$ is the dimension of spacetime. The lifetimes of the false vacua are set by UV data: the tension of $(d-2)$-branes charged under a $(d-2)$-form gauge symmetry. The lifetimes can be made parametrically long even when the difference in energy density between the false and true vacua is large compared to the natural scales of the field theory. We study examples of near-eternal false vacua in abelian gauge theories in two dimensions and in four-dimensional QCD. In both cases, it is possible to view the $(d-1)$-form symmetries as arising from a modification of the sum over instantons. We find that the modification of the instanton sum in 4d QCD leads to a higher-group symmetry structure involving the 3-form and conventional 0-form global symmetries.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures. v3: minor corrections and clarifications; matches published version
Rethinking Dairyland: Background for Decisions about Wisconsin's Dairy Industry; Growing Wisconsin Dairying: Is Liberalized International Trade the Answer?
Creators: name: Dobson, William D.
name: Dobson, William D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The Uruguay Round World Trade Organization (URWTO) agreement and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) created both benefits and costs for dairy farmers. The URWTO agreement benefits include border protection that helped to keep U.S. prices for cheddar cheese, butter, and nonfat dry milk 40 percent, 78 percent and 36 percent, respectively, higher than world prices during 1995-2001. Wisconsin's dairy industry benefited from expansion of dry whey and lactose exports under the URWTO agreement. Costs under the complex agreement included an unanticipated increase in milk protein concentrate (MPC) imports. Benefits under the NAFTA include the scheduled elimination of Mexico's tariffs on major imports of U.S. dairy products by 2003. Over the longer-run, the more important benefits and costs produced by trade agreements may be those related to changes in the business environment for the U.S. and Wisconsin dairy industries. The URWTO agreement has encouraged U.S. dairy exporters to focus on (a) products not priced out of international markets by border protection and the USDA's dairy price support program and (b) highly differentiated products. Because the changed environment provides incentives for expanded exports of dry whey, lactose, and specialty cheeses, it should generate benefits for Wisconsin's dairy industry. Much as predicted by proponents of free trade, the NAFTA has made Mexico's dairy companies stronger competitors. This will limit gains in dairy product market share by U.S. firms. However, this development will create opportunities for U.S. and Wisconsin companies to supply genetics, dairy equipment, and technical services for Mexico's dairy industry.