cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of A COVID-19 call center for healthcare providers: dealing with rapidly evolving health policy guidelines
Creators: name: Aharona Glatman-Freedman
name: Bromberg, Michal
name: Ram, Amit
name: Lutski, Miri
name: Bassal, Ravit
name: Michailevich, Olga
name: Saban, Mor
name: Frankental, Dvora
name: Dichtiar, Rita
name: Kruglikov-Moldavsky, Anna
name: Rozani, Violetta
name: Dolev Karolinsky
name: Braun, Tali
name: Zuker, Inbar
name: Keinan-Boker, Lital
name: Silverman, Barbara G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table S1. Timeline of events and guidelines related to the national response to COVID-19.
Impact of Camera Viewing Angle for Estimating Leaf Parameters of Wheat Plants from 3D Point Clouds
Creators: name: Li, Minhui
name: Shamshiri, Redmond R.
name: Schirrmann, Michael
name: Weltzien, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: digital agriculture
subject: 3D photogrammetry
subject: response surface methodology
subject: structure from motion
subject: multi-view stereo
subject: SfM
subject: MVS

description: Estimation of plant canopy using low-altitude imagery can help monitor the normal growth status of crops and is highly beneficial for various digital farming applications such as precision crop protection. However, extracting 3D canopy information from raw images requires studying the effect of sensor viewing angle by taking into accounts the limitations of the mobile platform routes inside the field. The main objective of this research was to estimate wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaf parameters, including leaf length and width, from the 3D model representation of the plants. For this purpose, experiments with different camera viewing angles were conducted to find the optimum setup of a mono-camera system that would result in the best 3D point clouds. The angle-control analytical study was conducted on a four-row wheat plot with a row spacing of 0.17 m and with two seeding densities and growth stages as factors. Nadir and six oblique view image datasets were acquired from the plot with 88% overlapping and were then reconstructed to point clouds using Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multi-View Stereo (MVS) methods. Point clouds were first categorized into three classes as wheat canopy, soil background, and experimental plot. The wheat canopy class was then used to extract leaf parameters, which were then compared with those values from manual measurements. The comparison between results showed that (i) multiple-view dataset provided the best estimation for leaf length and leaf width, (ii) among the single-view dataset, canopy, and leaf parameters were best modeled with angles vertically at −45° and horizontally at 0° (VA −45, HA 0), while (iii) in nadir view, fewer underlying 3D points were obtained with a missing leaf rate of 70%. It was concluded that oblique imagery is a promising approach to effectively estimate wheat canopy 3D representation with SfM-MVS using a single camera platform for crop monitoring. This study contributes to the improvement of the proximal sensing platform for crop health assessment.
Quantum Algorithms for Matrix Products over Semirings
Creators: name: Gall, François Le
name: Nishimura, Harumichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we construct quantum algorithms for matrix products over several algebraic structures called semirings, including the (max,min)-matrix product, the distance matrix product and the Boolean matrix product. In particular, we obtain the following results. We construct a quantum algorithm computing the product of two n x n matrices over the (max,min) semiring with time complexity O(n^{2.473}). In comparison, the best known classical algorithm for the same problem, by Duan and Pettie, has complexity O(n^{2.687}). As an application, we obtain a O(n^{2.473})-time quantum algorithm for computing the all-pairs bottleneck paths of a graph with n vertices, while classically the best upper bound for this task is O(n^{2.687}), again by Duan and Pettie. We construct a quantum algorithm computing the L most significant bits of each entry of the distance product of two n x n matrices in time O(2^{0.64L} n^{2.46}). In comparison, prior to the present work, the best known classical algorithm for the same problem, by Vassilevska and Williams and Yuster, had complexity O(2^{L}n^{2.69}). Our techniques lead to further improvements for classical algorithms as well, reducing the classical complexity to O(2^{0.96L}n^{2.69}), which gives a sublinear dependency on 2^L. The above two algorithms are the first quantum algorithms that perform better than the $\tilde O(n^{5/2})$-time straightforward quantum algorithm based on quantum search for matrix multiplication over these semirings. We also consider the Boolean semiring, and construct a quantum algorithm computing the product of two n x n Boolean matrices that outperforms the best known classical algorithms for sparse matrices. For instance, if the input matrices have O(n^{1.686...}) non-zero entries, then our algorithm has time complexity O(n^{2.277}), while the best classical algorithm has complexity O(n^{2.373}).
description: 19 pages
Children’s Normative Evaluations of Pro- and Anti-Autonomy Decisions
Creators: name: Morrow, Dylan
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: autonomy
subject: paternalism
subject: normative values
subject: morality

description: Autonomy is a basic psychological need, but are there circumstances under which people think it is morally okay to override someone’s autonomy? To examine this question, this study investigated 4- to 9-year-old children’s (n = 113) and adults’ (n = 100) moral evaluations (e.g., ‘right’ and ‘fair’) of caregivers overriding a child’s autonomy in situations which explicitly benefited (test condition) or did not benefit (baseline condition) the child. Across the two conditions, participants evaluated both the anti-autonomy (i.e., ‘paternalistic’ during the test condition) and the pro-autonomy decisions. We found that children evaluated the pro-autonomy decisions more positively than the anti-autonomy decisions in the baseline condition, whereas they produced the opposite pattern in the test condition. The adults’ evaluations displayed parallel results. These findings suggest that when deciding whether personal autonomy should be overridden, children consider the welfare of the individuals involved, and they do so in a manner similar to their adult counterparts. These results have theoretical and practical implications for how to be paternalistic in a morally justified way.
TCC bounds on the static patch of de Sitter space
Creators: name: Blamart, Matteo
name: Laliberte, Samuel
name: Brandenberger, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Pei-Ming Ho and Hikaru Kawai have argued that treating particles as wave packets can lead to a shutdown of Hawking radiation after a scrambling time in the case of Schwarzschild black holes. This shutdown arises from viewing quantum field theory near the black hole horizon as an effective field theory, and imposing an appropriate UV cutoff. We show that this effect is also present in the static patch of de Sitter space, leading to a shutdown of Gibbons-Hawking radiation at late times. Assuming this effect is due to the breakdown of effective field theory, we obtain a bound $t \lesssim H^{-1} \ln (H^{-1} M_P)$ on the time scale of validity of effective field theory in de Sitter space, which matches with the predictions of the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture.
STRA13 Interacts with STAT3 and Modulates Transcription of STAT3-dependent Targets
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Ivanova, A. V.
name: Ivanov, S. V.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Timofeeva, O. A.
name: Lerman, M. I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Transcription factors
subject: Apoptosis
subject: Cytology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: STRA13 is a pVHL-dependent bHLH transcription factor up-regulated on the mRNA level in multiple cancer cell lines and implicated recently in the regulation of immune cell homeostasis and autoimmunity. In searching for STRA13-interacting proteins with oncogenic potential by the yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified STAT3β as a STRA13-binding partner. We showed that STRA13 binds predominantly to phosphorylated (active) STAT3 α and β isoforms via its HLH and C-terminal regions. We also found that STRA13 was able to activate transcription from STAT-dependent cis-elements. Expression of endogenous STRA13 was shown to be cytokine-inducible, consistent with STRA13 involvement in STAT-dependent transcription regulation. We demonstrated that the STAT3-regulated promoter of the pro-apoptotic Fas gene was activated upon STRA13 over-expression and that co-expression of STRA13 with STAT3β or STAT3α modulated the transcriptional outcome. Forced expression of STRA13 induced apoptosis, in agreement with the STRA13 activation effect on the Fas promoter. Simultaneous expression of STRA13 and STAT3β resulted in alleviation of the STRA13 pro-apoptotic effect. Thus, for the first time, we identify STRA13 as a STAT3 partner and provide a consistent line of evidence for STRA13 involvement into regulation of apoptosis via the STAT pathways.
Mechanism of Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects: A Unifying Model
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
name: Zhou, Hongning
name: Hong, Mei
name: Lieberman, Howard B.
name: Brenner, David J.
name: Amundson, Sally A.
name: Geard, Charles R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ionizing radiation
Mitochondrial DNA
Cytology
Radiotherapy

description: The radiation-induced bystander effect represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of the radiobiological effects of ionizing radiation, in that extranuclear and extracellular events may also contribute to the final biological consequences of exposure to low doses of radiation. Although radiation-induced bystander effects have been well documented in a variety of biological systems, the mechanism is not known. It is likely that multiple pathways are involved in the bystander phenomenon, and different cell types respond differently to bystander signalling. Using cDNA microarrays, a number of cellular signalling genes, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), have been shown to be causally linked to the bystander phenomenon. The observation that inhibition of the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) suppressed the bystander response further confirmed the important role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling cascade in the bystander process. Furthermore, cells deficient in mitochondrial DNA showed a significantly reduced response to bystander signalling, suggesting a functional role of mitochondria in the signalling process. Inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) and mitochondrial calcium uptake provided evidence that NO and calcium signalling are part of the signalling cascade. The bystander observations imply that the relevant target for various radiobiological endpoints is larger than an individual cell. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the bystander phenomenon, together with evidence of their occurrence in-vivo, will allow us to formulate a more accurate model for assessing the health effects of low doses of ionizing radiation.
Additional file 2 of Mapping and understanding the decision-making process for providing nutrition and hydration to people living with dementia: a systematic review
Creators: name: Anantapong, Kanthee
name: Davies, Nathan
name: Chan, Justin
name: McInnerney, Daisy
name: Sampson, Elizabeth L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2:. Manual guide_for study screening.docx
Enhancing supply chain efficiency: a holistic examination of hybrid forecasting models employing mode and PERT technique as deterministic factors
Creators: name: Azmat, Muhammad
name: Siddiqui, Raheel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Inaccurate forecasts can cause severe financial consequences and disrupt supply chain operations for organisations. This study focuses on the pharmaceutical industry, renowned for its complex supply chain and diverse data attributes. It proposes a novel approach to identify the optimal combination of demand forecasting models that enhance accuracy by leveraging deterministic factors using Mode and PERT. By refining model selection in the pharmaceutical industry, this research aims to improve both forecasting precision and supply chain efficiency. A four-level framework based on deterministic factors is proposed to evaluate the extent of hybrid modelling in demand forecasting, empowering practitioners to make informed decisions even in challenging circumstances. The findings offer decision-makers flexibility in selecting suitable forecasting models and assist in tailoring methods to specific conditions. Furthermore, this research highlights the industry's ability to leverage digital technologies and transform existing forecasting methodologies, ensuring uninterrupted business operations during disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additional file 1 of Mapping and understanding the decision-making process for providing nutrition and hydration to people living with dementia: a systematic review
Creators: name: Anantapong, Kanthee
name: Davies, Nathan
name: Chan, Justin
name: McInnerney, Daisy
name: Sampson, Elizabeth L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:. PRISMA _checklist.docx
Additional file 1 of Improving the accuracy of genomic evaluation for linear body measurement traits using single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction in Hanwoo beef cattle
Creators: name: Naserkheil, Masoumeh
name: Lee, Deuk Hwan
name: Mehrban, Hossein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Location of body measurement parts in Hanwoo cattle.
Crop Monitoring Using Sentinel-2 and UAV Multispectral Imagery: A Comparison Case Study in Northeastern Germany
Creators: name: Li, Minhui
name: Shamshiri, Redmond R.
name: Weltzien, Cornelia
name: Schirrmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: precision agriculture
subject: remote sensing
subject: wheat
subject: barley
subject: semivariogram
subject: controlled traffic farming

description: Monitoring within-field crop variability at fine spatial and temporal resolution can assist farmers in making reliable decisions during their agricultural management; however, it traditionally involves a labor-intensive and time-consuming pointwise manual process. To the best of our knowledge, few studies conducted a comparison of Sentinel-2 with UAV data for crop monitoring in the context of precision agriculture. Therefore, prospects of crop monitoring for characterizing biophysical plant parameters and leaf nitrogen of wheat and barley crops were evaluated from a more practical viewpoint closer to agricultural routines. Multispectral UAV and Sentinel-2 imagery was collected over three dates in the season and compared with reference data collected at 20 sample points for plant leaf nitrogen (N), maximum plant height, mean plant height, leaf area index (LAI), and fresh biomass. Higher correlations of UAV data to the agronomic parameters were found on average than with Sentinel-2 data with a percentage increase of 6.3% for wheat and 22.2% for barley. In this regard, VIs calculated from spectral bands in the visible part performed worse for Sentinel-2 than for the UAV data. In addition, large-scale patterns, formed by the influence of an old riverbed on plant growth, were recognizable even in the Sentinel-2 imagery despite its much lower spatial resolution. Interestingly, also smaller features, such as the tramlines from controlled traffic farming (CTF), had an influence on the Sentinel-2 data and showed a systematic pattern that affected even semivariogram calculation. In conclusion, Sentinel-2 imagery is able to capture the same large-scale pattern as can be derived from the higher detailed UAV imagery; however, it is at the same time influenced by management-driven features such as tramlines, which cannot be accurately georeferenced. In consequence, agronomic parameters were better correlated with UAV than with Sentinel-2 data. Crop growers as well as data providers from remote sensing services may take advantage of this knowledge and we recommend the use of UAV data as it gives additional information about management-driven features. For future perspective, we would advise fusing UAV with Sentinel-2 imagery taken early in the season as it can integrate the effect of agricultural management in the subsequent absence of high spatial resolution data to help improve crop monitoring for the farmer and to reduce costs.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1932-05)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Transcription Factor Activation during Signal-induced Apoptosis of Immature CD4+CD8+ Thymocytes: A Protective Role of c-Fos
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Nikolić-Žugić, Janko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: T cells
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: Many signals that cause apoptotic cell death operate by inducing transcription and translation of other (presumably death effector) mediators, and it is well established that stimulus-induced apoptosis can often be blocked by inhibiting transcription and translation. Transcriptional regulation of apoptosis, however, is incompletely understood. To gain insight into nuclear events associated with signal-induced apoptosis during T cell development, we studied signal-induced apoptosis of ex vivo isolated immature CD8+4+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes. Stimuli utilizing the T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway or its parts (an αCD3/TCR monoclonal antibody, a Ca2+ ionophore, or a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester) or a stimulus that antagonizes TCR signaling and apoptosis in T cell hybridoma (forskolin, a cyclic AMP-signaling activator) resulted in massive apoptosis of DP thymocytes. At the same time, these stimuli induced qualitatively similar but quantitatively unique patterns of inducible transcription factors (TFs) NF-κB/RelA-p50, AP-1 (Fos-Jun), and NUR-77. We focused our attention on the role of AP-1 (Fos-Jun) complex, which was strongly induced by all of the above stimuli and thus was a candidate for a proapoptotic TF. However, we found that AP-1/c-Fos induction was vital in prolonging DP thymocyte life, as judged by increased spontaneous and induced death of DP cells in Fos−/− mice. In direct support of this hypothesis, experiments with antisense oligonucleotides demonstrated that c-Fos plays an essential role in protecting normal DP thymocytes from Ca2+- and cAMP-induced apoptosis but not from TCR-mediated death. Together, these results demonstrate a physiological role for c-Fos in maintaining longevity of DP thymocytes.
Mimicking non-ideal instrument behavior for hologram processing using neural style translation
Creators: name: Schreck, John S.
name: Hayman, Matthew
name: Gantos, Gabrielle
name: Bansemer, Aaron
name: Gagne, David John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Holographic cloud probes provide unprecedented information on cloud particle density, size and position. Each laser shot captures particles within a large volume, where images can be computationally refocused to determine particle size and shape. However, processing these holograms, either with standard methods or with machine learning (ML) models, requires considerable computational resources, time and occasional human intervention. ML models are trained on simulated holograms obtained from the physical model of the probe since real holograms have no absolute truth labels. Using another processing method to produce labels would be subject to errors that the ML model would subsequently inherit. Models perform well on real holograms only when image corruption is performed on the simulated images during training, thereby mimicking non-ideal conditions in the actual probe (Schreck et. al, 2022). Optimizing image corruption requires a cumbersome manual labeling effort. Here we demonstrate the application of the neural style translation approach (Gatys et. al, 2016) to the simulated holograms. With a pre-trained convolutional neural network (VGG-19), the simulated holograms are ``stylized'' to resemble the real ones obtained from the probe, while at the same time preserving the simulated image ``content'' (e.g. the particle locations and sizes). Two image similarity metrics concur that the stylized images are more like real holograms than the synthetic ones. With an ML model trained to predict particle locations and shapes on the stylized data sets, we observed comparable performance on both simulated and real holograms, obviating the need to perform manual labeling. The described approach is not specific to hologram images and could be applied in other domains for capturing noise and imperfections in observational instruments to make simulated data more like real world observations.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 5 of Comparing the effects of HIV self-testing to standard HIV testing for key populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Witzel, T. Charles
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Jamil, Muhammad S.
name: Nerissa Tilouche
name: Figueroa, Carmen
name: Johnson, Cheryl C.
name: Reid, David
name: Baggaley, Rachel
name: Nandi Siegfried
name: Burns, Fiona M.
name: Rodger, Alison J.
name: Weatherburn, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Additional forest plots.
Antioxidant Treatment of Thymic Organ Cultures Decreases NF-κ B and TCF1(α) Transcription Factor Activities and Inhibits α β T cell Development.
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Merkenschlager, Matthias
name: Ceredig, Rhodri
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Transcription factors
subject: T cells
subject: Cytology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), we have recently shown that nuclear extracts of 14-day mouse fetal thymocytes contain abundant NF-κ B transcription factor activity. To determine the functional role of NF-κ B in early thymocyte development, we have exposed fetal thymus organ cultures to inhibitors of NF-κ B activation, namely the antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine and butylated hydroxyanisole. Both compounds caused a dose-dependent arrest of thymocyte differentiation toward α β, but not γ δ, T cells. This was associated with a profound decrease in nuclear content of NF-κ B and TCF1(α) transcription factor activity, as determined by EMSA. In contrast, NF-Y was affected less strongly, and cyclic AMP-response-element-binding protein levels remained essentially unchanged by antioxidants. To test the idea that α β T cell development is correlated with NF-κ B and TCF1(α) activity, we conducted additional experiments in a submersion culture system in which the generation of α β T cells can be manipulated. Standard submersion culture supports gamma delta but α β T cell development. Under these conditions, EMSA showed that transcription factor activities were similar to those seen in the presence of antioxidants. Importantly, when the generation of α β T cells in submersion culture was restored by elevating oxygen concentrations, there was a dramatic increase in TCF1(α) activity, and both NF-κ B and NF-Y returned to control levels. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that NF-κ B and TCF1(α), presumably in concert with other transcription factors, play an important role in the development of α β T cells.
Regulation of nuclear factor-κ B and activator protein-1 activities after stimulation of T cells via glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored Ly-6A/E.
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Fleming, Tony J.
name: Malek, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Transcription factors
subject: T cells
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cytology

description: Cross-linking of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, including mouse Ly-6A/E, leads to IL-2 secretion and T cell activation, whereas engagement of Ly-6A/E uniquely inhibits IL-2 production induced via TCR. However, little is known concerning the molecular mechanism by which glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins regulate IL-2 expression. In this study, we have examined the ability of an anti-Ly-6A/E mAb to regulate transcription factors controlling IL-2 expression. Stimulation of EL4J(Ly-6E).A4 cells with anti-CD3 epsilon or anti-Ly6A/E mAbs induced nuclear factor (NF)-κ B p65-p50 (RelA/p50) and AP-1 (Fos/Jun) binding activities and increased nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) activity, whereas octamer-binding factor and NF-Y levels were stable. Cyclic AMP response element binding protein and T cell-specific factor-1 (α) activities were selectively enhanced by anti-CD3 epsilon, but not by anti-Ly6A/E, which suggests that signaling via the TCR and Ly-6 were not identical. Costimulation of these cells with both mAbs produced substantially reduced levels of AP-1, NF-AT, and, especially, NF-κ B p65-p50 whereas cyclic AMP response element binding protein and T cell-specific factor-1(α) were induced to a level seen after stimulation by anti-CD3 epsilon. The inducibility of the IL-2 enhancer in vivo and the contribution of individual transcription factors for this induction were assessed with use of reporter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs containing the IL-2 enhancer or oligomerized binding sites for transcription factors. These experiments also demonstrated a key role for NF-κ B and AP-1 in the transcriptional regulation of the IL-2 gene by TCR- and Ly6A/E-mediated signaling. By using the 2B4.11 T cell hybridoma and a mutated variant, were revealed a crucial role for the zeta-chain in Ly6A/E-mediated activation of NF-κ B.
Transcription Factors in Mouse Fetal Thymus Development
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Ceredig, Rhodri
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Thymus
subject: T cells
subject: Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: T cell precursors from murine fetal liver enter the fetal thymus where they proliferate, differentiate, and mature. These processes are accompanied by changes in the pattern of transcription factors known to control the expression of specific genes. We have monitored the expression of five different transcription factors during mouse fetal thymus ontogeny: nuclear factor (NF)-_xB, cAMP-response-element binding protein (CREB), NF-IL-2A, msNF-AT1, and hNF-AT1. NF-_xB binding activity was not detected in extracts from fetal liver but was present in the thymus at day 14 of embryogenesis. Thereafter, NF-
_xB expression was biphasc, being maximal at 14–16 days gestation and in newborn mice, and decreased during the intermediate gestational stages and in the adult. An inverse correlation was observed between NF-_xB binding activity in the nuclei and levels of its Inactive precursor in the cytoplasm of all samples analyzed. In contrast, CREB activity was uniform throughout thymus development. Similarly, NF-IL-2A activity was detected In fetal liver and thymic extracts from different gestational stages, In approximately equivalent amounts. However, band shift experiments revealed three distinct NF-IL-2A-DNA complexes, whose relative abundance is altered during thymic ontogeny. Likewise, NF-AT1 transcription factor appears to be heterogeneous and includes representatives which are differentially (msNF-AT1) or stably (hNF-AT1) expressed during thymic development. These results are discussed in the context of present knowledge about T cell development within the thymus.
title: The rich and the poor: Jewish philanthropy and social control in nineteenth century London
Creators: name: Rozin, Mordechai
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this historical research is to discover new facts by tracing the development of the theory, practice and institutionalisation of the social control and paternalising mechanisms as had been intended in different schemes or implemented by the Jewish élite through its philanthropic institutions in regard to the poor and working class immigrants, mostly from eastern Europe, during the whole of the nineteenth century. As reflected in Jewish history, helping the poor was and remained one of the most appealing and cherished values based on the assumption that such help had generally functioned satisfactorily. The humanitarian implications of philanthropy have been discussed and tested in the light of the contrasting class interests of the rapidly acculturated Ashkenazic Anglo-Jewish élite which, in its pursuit of wealth, social status and political power in the host community, severely neglected the poor. There was a conspicuous disparity between the élite, characterised by extreme, exclusive élitism and antidemocratic aristocracy, and the large number of poor who lived and eked out their precarious living in the overcrowded and unsanitary Jewish East End. Aloof from the poor and encouraged by its achievements, the Jewish élite had embraced Benthamism, Smilesianism, Social Darwinism and economic theories associated with laissez faire as a basis for the policy of its philanthropic institutions. The narrowness of these doctrines and the influence of the harsh Poor Law of 1 834 and of the COS which emphasised personal responsibility of the individual for his economic situation, are particularly reflected in the activities of the London Jewish Board of Guardians - the key institution of the élite for controlling and regulating the poor. The encounter between the more conscious Jewish working class and the élite and the survival of the Jewish Board of Guardians through incrementalism and gradualism as well as the avoidance of a more radical communal split, have been analysed.
Down-regulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor α Expression by Activating Transcription Factor 2 Increases UVC-Induced Apoptosis of Late-stage Melanoma Cells
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Ronai, Ze'ev
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Melanoma
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: To identify mechanisms whereby activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) alters the radiation resistance of human melanoma cells, we examined the possible role of ATF2 in UVC-induced apoptosis. Forced expression of full-length or truncated (Δ1–195 amino acids) forms of ATF2 in LU1205, a late-stage human melanoma cell line, elevated the levels of UVC-induced apoptosis. At the same time, either truncated or full-length forms of ATF2 reduced UVC-induced activation of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) promoter and decreased expression of TNFα. Forced expression of c-Jun in ATF2-expressing melanoma cells restored TNFα expression, suggesting that both forms of ATF2 sequestered transcription factors that positively regulate TNFα expression in response to UV irradiation. Antagonistic antibodies to Fas, but not to TNFR1, efficiently suppressed UVC-induced apoptosis, suggesting that the Fas pathway mediates the primary apoptotic signal in melanoma cells whereas the TNFR1 pathway elicits a survival signal. Indeed, treatment of melanoma cells with TNFα before UVC irradiation partially suppressed UVC-induced apoptosis, further supporting the protective role of TNFα in UVC-treated melanoma cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that ATF2 contributes to UVC-induced apoptosis through transcriptional silencing of TNFα, which balances Fas-mediated cell death in melanoma.
Molecular Cloning of a Bovine Immunoglobulin Lambda Chain cDNA
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Gorodetsky, Stanislav I.
name: Karginov, Vladimir A.
name: Morozov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Molecular cloning
subject: DNA
subject: Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A cDNA library of the bovine mammary gland constructed in pBR322 was screened by mRNA hybrid-selected translation and by differential hybridization. Several immunoglobulin (Ig) λ light-chain clones were identified and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence comparison of bovine and human Ig λ chains showed a high degree of homology for constant regions and for J regions. The amino acid (aa) sequence encoded by the constant region of the bovine Ig λ chain cDNA contains 107 aa with differences at 24 aa positions from the human Ig A chain. Three complementarity-determining regions (CDR1,2,3) characteristic of the variable region of bovine Ig λ chain cDNA can be distinguished. The bovine and human sequences display good homology in the framework region 3 (FR3) but only patches of homology throughout the FR2 region. The 5′ end of the bovine Ig λ chain cDNA fragment of clone 1-14E contains five stop codons: two in CDR1, one in FR1 and two in the hydrophobic prepeptide region. These data suggest that the Igλ mRNA of clone 1-14E is transcribed from the Vλ pseudogene.
Pleiotropic effects of Bcl-2 on transcription factors in T cells: potential role of NF-_KB p50–p50 for the anti-apoptotic function of Bcl-2
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Deng, Ge
name: Podack, Eckhard R.
name: Malek, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Genes
subject: Apoptosis
subject: Cytology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Bcl-2 functions to repress apoptosis by regulation of genes which encode proteins required for programmed cell death and by interference with peroxidative damage. We investigated the interrelationship between expression of bcl-2 and regulation of transcription factor DNA binding activities in the 2B4 T cell hybridoma and IL-2-dependent CTLL T cell line. Over-expression of bcl-2 in 2B4 resulted in enhanced basal levels of activator protein (AP)-1, octamer binding factor (Oct)-1, lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF)-1, RelA-p50 and NF-_KB p50–p50 DNA binding activities. After apoptotic signaling, down-regulation of AP-1, NF-AT and Oct-1 binding activities was observed in control 2B4 and CTLL, whereas suboptimal, but higher, levels of these transcription factors were found in bcl-2-transfected cells, potentially promoting cell survival. Furthermore, after apoptotic signaling, expression of bcl-2 led to differential changes of NF-_KB levels, resulting in a decrease in RelA-p50 and an increase In NF-_KB p50–p50, altering the ratio of these DNA binding activities such that now p50–p50 markedly predominated in both 2B4-Bcl-2 and CTLL-Bcl-2. Apoptotic signaling in the presence or absence of Bcl-2 resulted in induction of the RelB-p50 heterodimer in 2B4. The changes in NF-_KB/ROI levels raise the possibility that this family of transcription factors may play an important role in the regulation of apoptosis.
Identification of Bacterial Clones Encoding Bovine Caseins by Direct Immunological Screening of the cDNA Library
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Kershulite, Dangerute R.
name: Bayev, Aleksej A.
name: Akhundova, Aida A.
name: Sulimova, Galina E.
name: Judinkova, Elena S.
name: Gorodetsky, Stanislav I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: DNA
subject: Casein
subject: Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A sensitive immunoassay was used to identify recombinant plasmids carrying cDNA fragments of bovine caseins in the cDNA library from bovine mammary gland mRNA. Colonies grown on nitrocellulose filters were lysed in situ and proteins from the lysates were blotted onto CNBr-activated cellulose filter paper. Antigens covalently bound to CNBr-activated paper or bound to nitrocellulose filters were detected by reaction with antiserum to caseins, followed by ^125I-labelled Staphylococcus aureus protein A and autoradiography. Six clones were found positive among 5400 of the cDNA library: 3-A1, 3-B2, 3-B5, 3-H7, 2-A5 and 2-C9. The molecular weights of chimeric pre-β-lactamase: casein proteins synthesized in
Escherichia coli were estimated by immunoblotting. Colony hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that clone 3-B5 contained a cDNA fragment of bovine χ-casein, clone 3-H7 contained a cDNA fragment of β-casein, while clones 2-A5 and 2-C9 carried cDNA fragments of α_si-casein.
Additional file 3 of Comparing the effects of HIV self-testing to standard HIV testing for key populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Witzel, T. Charles
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Jamil, Muhammad S.
name: Nerissa Tilouche
name: Figueroa, Carmen
name: Johnson, Cheryl C.
name: Reid, David
name: Baggaley, Rachel
name: Nandi Siegfried
name: Burns, Fiona M.
name: Rodger, Alison J.
name: Weatherburn, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. GRADE tables.
title: Programm des Gewerbevereins zu Marburg über die der Nationalversammlung in Frankfurt wegen Organisation der Gewerbe in Deutschland zu machenden Vorschläge; [1848]
title: [Marburg, am 19. Juli 1848]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Marburg, Druck von Joh. Aug. Koch.
Additional file 2 of Comparing the effects of HIV self-testing to standard HIV testing for key populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Witzel, T. Charles
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Jamil, Muhammad S.
name: Nerissa Tilouche
name: Figueroa, Carmen
name: Johnson, Cheryl C.
name: Reid, David
name: Baggaley, Rachel
name: Nandi Siegfried
name: Burns, Fiona M.
name: Rodger, Alison J.
name: Weatherburn, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Risk of bias assessments.
3D modeling of the molecular gas kinematics in optically-selected jellyfish galaxies
Creators: name: Bacchini, C.
name: Mingozzi, M.
name: Poggianti, B. M.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Gullieuszik, M.
name: Marasco, A.
name: Sodi, B. Cervantes
name: Sánchez-García, O.
name: Vulcani, B.
name: Werle, A.
name: Paladino, R.
name: Radovich, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cluster galaxies are subject to the ram pressure exerted by the intracluster medium, which can perturb or even strip away their gas while leaving the stars undisturbed. We model the distribution and kinematics of the stars and the molecular gas in four late-type cluster galaxies (JO201, JO204, JO206, and JW100), which show tails of atomic and ionized gas indicative of ongoing ram pressure stripping. We analyze MUSE@VLT data and CO data from ALMA searching for signatures of radial gas flows, ram pressure stripping, and other perturbations. We find that all galaxies, with the possible exception of JW100, host stellar bars. Signatures of ram pressure are found in JO201 and JO206, which also shows clear indications of ongoing stripping in the molecular disk outskirts. The stripping affects the whole molecular gas disk of JW100. The molecular gas kinematics in JO204 is instead dominated by rotation rather than ram pressure. We also find indications of enhanced turbulence of the molecular gas compared to field galaxies. Large-scale radial flows of molecular gas are present in JO204 and JW100, but more uncertain in JO201 and JO206. We show that our sample follows the molecular gas mass-size relation, confirming that it is essentially independent of environment even for the most extreme cases of stripping. Our findings are consistent with the molecular gas being affected by the ram pressure on different timescales and less severely than the atomic and ionized gas phases, likely because the molecular gas is denser and more gravitationally bound to the galaxy.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures, accepted by ApJ
Laminar and transitional liquid metal duct flow near a magnetic point dipole
Creators: name: Tympel, Saskia
name: Boeck, Thomas
name: Schumacher, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flow transformation and the generation of vortex structures by a strong magnetic dipole field in a liquid metal duct flow is studied by means of three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. The dipole is considered as the paradigm for a magnetic obstacle which will deviate the streamlines due to Lorentz forces acting on the fluid elements. The duct is of square cross-section. The dipole is located above the top wall and is centered in spanwise direction. Our model uses the quasi-static approximation which is applicable in the limit of small magnetic Reynolds numbers. The analysis covers the stationary flow regime at small hydrodynamic Reynolds numbers Re as well as the transitional time-dependent regime at higher values which may generate a turbulent flow in the wake of the magnetic obstacle. We present a systematic study of these two basic flow regimes and their dependence on Re and on the Hartmann number Ha, a measure of the strength of the magnetic dipole field. Furthermore, three orientations of the dipole are compared: streamwise, spanwise and wall-normal oriented dipole axes. The most efficient generation of turbulence at a fixed distance above the duct follows for the spanwise orientation, which is caused by a certain configuration of Hartmann layers and reversed flow at the top plate. The enstrophy in the turbulent wake grows linearly with Ha which is connected with a dominance of the wall-normal z-derivative of the streamwise velocity.
Additional file 1 of Comparing the effects of HIV self-testing to standard HIV testing for key populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Witzel, T. Charles
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Jamil, Muhammad S.
name: Nerissa Tilouche
name: Figueroa, Carmen
name: Johnson, Cheryl C.
name: Reid, David
name: Baggaley, Rachel
name: Nandi Siegfried
name: Burns, Fiona M.
name: Rodger, Alison J.
name: Weatherburn, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Study protocol.
Enhanced XML Validation using SRML
Creators: name: Kalman, Miklos
name: Havasi, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data validation is becoming more and more important with the ever-growing amount of data being consumed and transmitted by systems over the Internet. It is important to ensure that the data being sent is valid as it may contain entry errors, which may be consumed by different systems causing further errors. XML has become the defacto standard for data transfer. The XML Schema Definition language (XSD) was created to help XML structural validation and provide a schema for data type restrictions, however it does not allow for more complex situations. In this article we introduce a way to provide rule based XML validation and correction through the extension and improvement of our SRML metalanguage. We also explore the option of applying it in a database as a trigger for CRUD operations allowing more granular dataset validation on an atomic level allowing for more complex dataset record validation rules.
description: 18 pages
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic inequalities in hypertension in Kenya: a decomposition analysis of 2015 Kenya STEPwise survey on non-communicable diseases risk factors
Creators: name: Gatimu, Samwel Maina
name: John, Thomas Wiswa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Variables included in the calculation of wealth index. Table S2. Summary of decomposition analysis for male and female.