cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
L-proline catalyzed one-pot synthesis of benzoxanthenes in aqueous medium
Creators: name: Ahmed, Kajol
name: Karmaker, Pran Gopal
name: Roy, Harendra N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: An operationally simple, cost-effective, and environmentally benign method has been described for the synthesis of various polysubstituted benzoxanthenes via L-proline-catalyzed three-component condensation of β-naphthol, aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, or 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in aqueous medium. This process has additional benefits such as simple product isolation and purification techniques, good to higher yields, and above all, efficient catalyst reusability. The addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate is an extra benefit to speed up this reaction.
Nymphulini
Creators: name: Pohl, Greg
name: Anweiler, Gary
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Kondla, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae

description: Nymphulini Elophila icciusalis (Walker, 1859) 988 * R T: Munroe (1972a) Jul – Aug – B g L: Pohl et al. (2005) C: NFRC, OLDS 989 * R Elophila obliteralis (Walker, 1859) L Jun – E Aug – B g T: Munroe (1972a) L: Bowman (1951), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: NFRC, OLDS, UASM Parapoynx maculalis (Clemens, 1860) 990 R L Jun – M Aug – B g T: Munroe (1972a) L: Pohl et al. (2004b) C: NFRC, OLDS
description: Published as part of Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, pp. 1-549 in ZooKeys 38 (38) on page 155, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383, http://zenodo.org/record/576629
description: {"references": ["Munroe E (1972 a) Pyraloidea: Pyralidae (part): Scopariinae and Nymphulinae. Fasc. 13.1 A. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) The moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 1 - 134.", "Pohl GR, Bird CD, Landry J-F, Anweiler GG (2005) New records of microlepidoptera in Alberta, Canada. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 59: 61 - 82.", "Bowman K (1951) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 29: 121 - 165.", "Pohl GR, Langor DW, Landry J-F, Spence JR (2004 b) Lepidoptera of the Boreal Mixedwood Forest near Lac La Biche, Alberta, including new provincial records. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118: 530 - 549."]}
Mass spectra of the heavy baryons Lambda_Q and Sigma_Q^(*) from QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian-Rong
name: Huang, Ming-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use QCD sum rule approach to calculate the masses of the ground-state Lambda_Q and Sigma_Q^(*) baryons. Contributions of the operators up to dimension six are included in operator product expansion. The resulting heavy baryonic masses from the calculations are m_{Lambda_b}=5.69 +/- 0.13 GeV, and m_{Lambda_c}=2.31 +/- 0.19 GeV for Lambda_Q; m_{Sigma_b}=5.73 +/- 0.21 GeV, m_{Sigma_b^*}=5.81 +/- 0.19 GeV, m_{Sigma_c}=2.40 +/- 0.31 GeV and m_{Sigma_c^*}=2.56 +/- 0.24 GeV for Sigma_Q^(*), respectively, which are in good agreement with the experimental values.
description: RevTeX4, 8 pages with 14 eps figures
Correlation functions as a tool to study collective behaviour phenomena in biological systems
Creators: name: Grigera, Tomás S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much of interesting complex biological behaviour arises from collective properties. Important information about collective behaviour lies in the time and space structure of fluctuations around average properties, and two-point correlation functions are a fundamental tool to study these fluctuations. We give a self-contained presentation of definitions and techniques for computation of correlation functions aimed at providing students and researchers outside the field of statistical physics a practical guide to calculating correlation functions from experimental and simulation data. We discuss some properties of correlations in critical systems, and the effect of finite system size, which is particularly relevant for most biological experimental systems. Finally we apply these to the case of the dynamical transition in a simple neuronal model,
description: 31 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2002.01750
СПИНАЛЬНАЯ МЫШЕЧНАЯ АТРОФИЯ: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ, ДИАГНОСТИКЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИИ
Creators: name: Эргашева, Н.Н.
name: Темирова, М.К.
name: Нурматова, Х.Д.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Спинальная мышечная атрофия является значимой медико-социальной проблемой и одной из наиболее частых причин детской смертности, вызванной наследственными нейромышечными заболеваниями. Спинальная мышечная атрофия (СМА) – это наследственное заболевание мотонейронов, характеризующееся прогрессирующей слабостью и атрофией скелетных мышц. Она является одной из наиболее частых аутосомно-рецессивных нервно-мышечных патологий с частотой 1:6000 – 1:10000 новорождённых, а носительство мутантного гена SMN1 встречается у 1 из 40–50 человек в популяции (Verhaart et al., 2017). До недавнего времени заболевание считалось неизлечимым, однако появление новых методов терапии значительно улучшило прогноз для пациентов.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Megow, Nicole
name: Smith, Adam
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Theory of computation

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 275, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2023), pages 0:i-0:xxiv
Vacancy-Engineered Flat-Band Superconductivity in Holey Graphene
Creators: name: de Sousa, Matheus S. M.
name: Liu, Fujun
name: Qu, Fanyao
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bipartite lattice with chiral symmetry is known to host zero energy flat bands if the numbers of the two sublattices are different. We demonstrate that this mechanism of producing flat bands can be realized on graphene by introducing periodic vacancies. Using first-principle calculations, we elaborate that even though the pristine graphene does not exactly preserve chiral symmetry, this mechanism applied to holey graphene still produces single or multiple bands as narrow as ~0.5eV near the Fermi surface throughout the entire Brillouin zone. Moreover, this mechanism can combine with vacancy-engineered nonsymmorphic symmetry to produce band structures with coexisting flat bands and nodal lines. A weak coupling mean-field treatment suggests the stabilization of superconductivity by these vacancy-engineered narrow bands. In addition, superconductivity occurs predominantly on the majority sublattices, with an amplitude that increases with the number of narrow bands.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
A Hard X-Ray View of Two Distant VHE Blazars: 1ES 1101-232 and 1ES 1553+113
Creators: name: Reimer, A.
name: Costamante, L.
name: Madejski, G.
name: Reimer, O.
name: Dorner, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TeV blazars are known as prominent nonthermal emitters across the entire electromagnetic spectrum with their photon power peaking in the X-ray and TeV bands. If distant, absorption of gamma-ray photons by the extragalactic background light (EBL) alters the intrinsic TeV spectral shape, thereby affecting the overall interpretation. Suzaku observations for two of the more distant TeV blazars known to date, 1ES 1101-232 and 1ES 1553+113, were carried out in 2006 May and July, respectively, including a quasi-simultaneous coverage with the state-of-the-art Cerenkov telescope facilities. We report on the resulting data sets with emphasis on the X-ray band and set in context to their historical behavior. During our campaign, we did not detect any significant X-ray or gamma-ray variability. 1ES 1101-232 was found in a quiescent state with the lowest X-ray flux ever measured. The combined XIS and HXD PIN data for 1ES 1101-232 and 1ES 1553+113 clearly indicate spectral curvature up to the highest hard X-ray data point (~30 keV), manifesting as softening with increasing energy. We describe this spectral shape by either a broken power law or a log-parabolic fit with equal statistical goodness of fits. The combined 1ES 1553+113 very high energy spectrum (90-500 GeV) did not show any significant changes with respect to earlier observations. The resulting contemporaneous broadband spectral energy distributions of both TeV blazars are discussed in view of implications for intrinsic blazar parameter values, taking into account the gamma-ray absorption in the EBL.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Analysis of Attacker Behavior in Compromised Hosts During Command and Control
Creators: name: Sadique, Farhan
name: Sengupta, Shamik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional reactive approach of blacklisting botnets fails to adapt to the rapidly evolving landscape of cyberattacks. An automated and proactive approach to detect and block botnet hosts will immensely benefit the industry. Behavioral analysis of botnet is shown to be effective against a wide variety of attack types. Current works, however, focus solely on analyzing network traffic from and to the bots. In this work we take a different approach of analyzing the chain of commands input by attackers in a compromised host. We have deployed several honeypots to simulate Linux shells and allowed attackers access to the shells to collect a large dataset of commands. We have further developed an automated mechanism to analyze these data. For the automation we have developed a system called CYbersecurity information Exchange with Privacy (CYBEX-P). Finally, we have done a sequential analysis on the dataset to show that we can successfully predict attacker behavior from the shell commands without analyzing network traffic like previous works.
Detection of Additional Members of the 2003 EL61 Family via Infrared Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Schaller, E. L.
name: Brown, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have acquired near-infrared spectra of Kuiper belt objects 2003 UZ117, 2005 CB79 and 2004 SB60 with NIRC on the Keck I Telescope. These objects are dynamically close to the core of the 2003 EL61 collisional family and were suggested to be potential fragments of this collision by Ragozzine and Brown (2007). We find that the spectra of 2003 UZ117 and 2005 CB79 both show the characteristic strong water ice absorption features seen exclusively on 2003 EL61, its largest satellite, and the six other known collisional fragments. In contrast, we find that the near infrared spectrum of 2004 SB60 is essentially featureless with a fraction of water ice of less than 5%. We discuss the implications of the discovery of these additional family members for understanding the formation and evolution of this collisional family in the outer solar system.
description: 9 Pages, 2 figures
Evolution of Cooperation and Coordination in a Dynamically Networked Society
Creators: name: Pestelacci, Enea
name: Tomassini, Marco
name: Luthi, Leslie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Situations of conflict giving rise to social dilemmas are widespread in society and game theory is one major way in which they can be investigated. Starting from the observation that individuals in society interact through networks of acquaintances, we model the co-evolution of the agents' strategies and of the social network itself using two prototypical games, the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Stag Hunt. Allowing agents to dismiss ties and establish new ones, we find that cooperation and coordination can be achieved through the self-organization of the social network, a result that is non-trivial, especially in the Prisoner's Dilemma case. The evolution and stability of cooperation implies the condensation of agents exploiting particular game strategies into strong and stable clusters which are more densely connected, even in the more difficult case of the Prisoner's Dilemma.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures. to appear
The Geography of System Navigation Problems
Creators: name: Deneau, Emma C.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Access to Justice Crisis
Pretrial Detention
Punishment
Rural Sociology
System Navigation Problems

description: Despite a decline in overall crime rates, recent decades have seen a larger increase in pretrial detention rates across rural areas compared to their nonrural counterparts. Prior studies have recognized system navigation problems (SNPs) as a major contributor to high rural pretrial detention rates. SNPs describe minor offenses related to the inability of defendants to meet the procedural and financial requirements necessary for the resolution of their cases. This study expanded on extant literature by going beyond individual-level assessments of a single type of SNP offense (e.g., failure to appear) to determine the variation in SNPs across the rural-urban divide and identify the macro-level contributors to this potential spatial variation. It was hypothesized that (1) conservatism, a decline in non-Hispanic whites, low lawyer availability, limited access to transportation, homelessness, and concentrated disadvantage would correlate to more SNP-related jail bookings across counties, and (2) because most of these place-based
description: characteristics are more prevalent in rural areas, rural counties would have a higher likelihood than urban counties of booking defendants for SNPs. Quantitative analyses of jail booking data (2020-2022) from 36 counties in Washington State provided mixed support for these hypotheses. Findings from multiple regression analyses did not indicate a significant difference in SNP jail bookings between rural and urban counties. Further, only two predictors of SNP-related jail bookings emerged as significant in the regression models: conservatism and lawyer availability. The implications of these findings for efforts to reduce pretrial detention rates are discussed, specifically as they relate to the access to justice crisis.
Argyractini
Creators: name: Pohl, Greg
name: Anweiler, Gary
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Kondla, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae

description: Argyractini Petrophila kearfottalis (Barnes and McDunnough, 1917) 991 R M Jul – M Aug – b G T: Munroe (1972a) L: Munroe (1972a) C: AGRL, CNC, NFRC, OLDS, UASM 992 R Petrophila jaliscalis (Schaus, 1906)? – – G T: Munroe (1972a) L: Munroe (1972a) C: Unknown 993 * R Petrophila confusalis (Walker, 1866) Jul – Aug – – G T: Munroe (1972a) L: None C: NFRC 46.5. Odontiinae Minute to small (8–25 mm wingspan) moths with triangular wings, similar superficially to species in the subfamily Pyraustinae. No external features readily distinguish these moths from all of the other Crambinae. Larvae feed on a variety of plants, usually in a concealed manner. Approximately 370 species of Odontiinae are known worldwide, from all regions. Fifty-seven species are known in North America, one of which is known in AB. The group was revised by Munroe (1972b).
description: Published as part of Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, pp. 1-549 in ZooKeys 38 (38) on pages 155-156, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383, http://zenodo.org/record/576629
description: {"references": ["Munroe E (1972 a) Pyraloidea: Pyralidae (part): Scopariinae and Nymphulinae. Fasc. 13.1 A. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) The moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 1 - 134.", "Munroe E (1972 b) Pyraloidea: Pyralidae (part): Odontiinae and Glaphyriinae. Fasc. 13.1 B. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) The moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 135 - 250."]}
Circumstantial evidence for a soft nuclear symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhigang
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Yong, Gao-Chan
name: Zhang, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within an isospin- and momentum-dependent hadronic transport model it is shown that the recent FOPI data on the $π^-/π^+$ ratio in central heavy-ion collisions at SIS/GSI energies (Willy Reisdorf {\it et al.}, NPA {\bf 781}, 459 (2007)) provide circumstantial evidence suggesting a rather soft nuclear symmetry energy \esym at $ρ\geq 2ρ_0$ compared to the Akmal-Pandharipande-Ravenhall prediction. Some astrophysical implications and the need for further experimental confirmations are discussed.
description: Version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Detection of a Multi-Phase Ultra-Fast Wind in the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 1044
Creators: name: Krongold, Y.
name: Longinotti, A. L.
name: Santos-Lleo, M.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Peterson, B. M.
name: Nicastro, F.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Rodriguez-Pascual, P.
name: Elias-Chavez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of XMM-Newton X-ray spectra of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 1044. We find robust evidence for a multi-phase, ultra-fast outflow, traced by four separate components in the grating spectrum. One component has high column density and ionization state, and is outflowing at 0.15c. The other three wind components have lower temperature, lower column density, and have outflow velocities 0.08c. This wind structure is strikingly similar to that found in IRAS 17020+4544, suggesting that stratified winds may be a common feature of ultra-fast outflows. Such structure is likely produced by fluid instabilities that form when the nuclear wind shocks the ambient medium. We show that in an energy-driven wind scenario, the wind in Mrk 1044 might carry enough energy to produce significant feedback on its host galaxy. We further discuss the implications of the presence of a fast wind in yet another NLS1 galaxy with high Eddington ratio.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Atomic spin squeezing in an optical cavity
Creators: name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
name: Molmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider squeezing of one component of the collective spin vector of an atomic ensemble inside an optical cavity. The atoms interact with a cavity mode, and the squeezing is obtained by probing the state of the light field that is transmitted through the cavity. Starting from the stochastic master equation, we derive the time evolution of the state of the atoms and the cavity field, and we compute expectation values and variances of the atomic spin components and the quadratures of the cavity mode. The performance of the setup is compared to spin squeezing of atoms by probing of a light field transmitted only once through the sample.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Covering relaxation methods for solving the zero-one positive polynomial programming problem
Creators: name: Vaessen, Willem
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Covering relaxation algorithms were first developed by Granot et al for solving positive 0-1 polynomial programming (PP) problems which maximize a linear objective function in 0-1 variables subject to a set of polynomial inequalities containing only positive coefficients ["Covering Relaxation for Positive 0-1 Polynomial Programs", Management Science, Vol. 25, (1979)]. The covering relaxation approach appears to cope successfully with the non-linearity of the PP problem and is able to solve modest size (40 variables and 40 constraints) sparse PP problems. This thesis develops a more sophisticated covering relaxation method which accelerates the performance of this approach, especially when solving PP problems with many terms in a constraint. Both the original covering relaxation algorithm and the newly introduced accelerated algorithm are cutting plane algorithms in which the relaxed problem is the set covering problem and the cutting planes are linear covering constraints. In contrast with other cutting plane methods in integer programming, the accelerated covering relaxation algorithm developed in this thesis does not solve the relaxed problem to optimality after the introduction of the cutting plane constraints. Rather, the augmented relaxed problem is first solved approximately and only if the approximate solution is feasible to the PP problem is the relaxed problem solved to optimality. The promise of this approach stems from the excellent performance of approximate procedures for solving integer programming problems. Indeed, the extensive computational experiments that were performed show that the accelerated algorithm has reduced both the number of set covering problems to be solved and the overall time required to solve a PP problem. The improvements are particularly significant for PP problems with many terms in a constraint.
Optical realization of a quantum beam splitter
Creators: name: Mar-Sarao, R.
name: Moya-Cessa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the quantum process of splitting light may be modelled in classical optics. A second result is the possibility to engineer specific forms of a classical field.
description: 5 pages
The Lorentz integral transform (LIT) method
Creators: name: Leidemann, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LIT approach is reviewed both for inclusive and exclusive reactions. It is shown that the method reduces a continuum state problem to a bound-state-like problem, which then can be solved with typical bound-state techniques. The LIT approach opens up the possibility to perform ab initio calculations of reactions also for those particle systems which presently are out of reach in conventional approaches with explicit calculations of many-body continuum wave functions. Various LIT applications are discussed ranging from particle systems with two nucleons up to particle systems with seven nucleons.
description: Lectures delivered at the 4th DAE-BRNS Workshop on Hadron Physics, AMU, Aligarh, India, Feb. 18-23, 2008; 23 pages, 16 figures
Battery charging in collision models with Bayesian risk strategies
Creators: name: Landi, Gabriel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a collision model where measurements in the system, together with a Bayesian decision rule, are used to classify the incoming ancillas as having either high or low ergotropy (maximum extractable work). The former are allowed to leave, while the latter are redirected for further processing, aimed at increasing their ergotropy further. The ancillas play the role of a quantum battery, and the collision model therefore implements a Maxwell demon. To make the process autonomous, and with a well defined limit cycle, the information collected by the demon is reset after each collision by means of a cold heat bath.
Compact stellar systems in the Fornax cluster: a UV perspective
Creators: name: Mieske, Steffen
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Bomans, Dominik J.
name: Rey, Soo-Chang
name: Kim, Suk
name: Yoon, Suk-Jin
name: Chung, Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, increasing evidence for chemical complexity and multiple stellar populations in massive globular clusters (GCs) has emerged, including extreme horizontal branches (EHBs) and UV excess. Our goal is to improve our understanding of UV excess in the regime of both massive GCs and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs). To this end, we use deep archival GALEX data of the central Fornax cluster to measure NUV and FUV magnitudes of UCDs and massive GCs. We obtain NUV photometry for a sample of 35 compact objects with -13.5
description: Research Note, 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Evidence for a minimal role of stimulus awareness in reversal of threat learning
Creators: name: Homan, P
name: Lau, HL
name: Levy, I
name: Raio, CM
name: Bach, DR
name: Podhortzer Carmel, David
name: Schiller, D
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In an ever-changing environment, survival depends on learning which stimuli represent threat, and also on updating such associations when circumstances shift. It has been claimed that humans can acquire physiological responses to threat-associated stimuli even when they are unaware of them, but the role of awareness in updating threat contingencies remains unknown. This complex process-generating novel responses while suppressing learned ones-relies on distinct neural mechanisms from initial learning, and has only been shown with awareness. Can it occur unconsciously? Here, we present evidence that threat reversal may not require awareness. Participants underwent classical threat conditioning to visual stimuli that were suppressed from awareness. One of two images was paired with an electric shock; halfway through the experiment, contingencies were reversed and the shock was paired with the other image. Despite variations in suppression across participants, we found that physiological responses reflected changes in stimulus-threat pairings independently of stimulus awareness. These findings suggest that unconscious affective processing may be sufficiently flexible to adapt to changing circumstances.
Calibrating Dark Energy
Creators: name: de Putter, Roland
name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring the diversity of dark energy dynamics, we discover a calibration relation, a uniform stretching of the amplitude of the equation of state time variation with scale factor. This defines homogeneous families of dark energy physics. The calibration factor has a close relation to the standard time variation parameter w_a, and we show that the new, calibrated w_a describes observables, i.e. distance and Hubble parameter as a function of redshift, typically to an accuracy level of 10^{-3}. We discuss implications for figures of merit for dark energy science programs.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Visualizing the spin of individual molecules
Creators: name: Iacovita, C.
name: Rastei, M. V.
name: Heinrich, B. W.
name: Brumme, T.
name: Kortus, J.
name: Limot, L.
name: Bucher, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy is employed to study spin transport across single Cobalt-Phathalocyanine molecules adsorbed on well characterized magnetic nanoleads. A spin-polarized electronic resonance is identified over the center of the molecule and exploited to spatially resolve stationary spin states. These states reflect two molecular spin orientations and, as established by density functional calculations, originate from a ferromagnetic molecule-lead superexchange interaction mediated by the organic ligands.
Singularities in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Cailleteau, Thomas
name: Cardoso, Antonio
name: Vandersloot, Kevin
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that simple scalar field models can give rise to curvature singularities in the effective Friedmann dynamics of Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC). We find singular solutions for spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies with a canonical scalar field and a negative exponential potential, or with a phantom scalar field and a positive potential. While LQC avoids big bang or big rip type singularities, we find sudden singularities where the Hubble rate is bounded, but the Ricci curvature scalar diverges. We conclude that the effective equations of LQC are not in themselves sufficient to avoid the occurrence of singularities.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. v2: Comments and references added. v3: Minor additions, version to appear in PRL
Gravitational waves about curved backgrounds: a consistency analysis in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves are considered as metric perturbations about a curved background metric, rather than the flat Minkowski metric since several situations of physical interest can be discussed by this generalization. In this case, when the de Donder gauge is imposed, its preservation under infinitesimal spacetime diffeomorphisms is guaranteed if and only if the associated covector is ruled by a second-order hyperbolic operator which is the classical counterpart of the ghost operator in quantum gravity. In such a wave equation, the Ricci term has opposite sign with respect to the wave equation for Maxwell theory in the Lorenz gauge. We are, nevertheless, able to relate the solutions of the two problems, and the algorithm is applied to the case when the curved background geometry is the de Sitter spacetime. Such vector wave equations are studied in two different ways: i) an integral representation, ii) through a solution by factorization of the hyperbolic equation. The latter method is extended to the wave equation of metric perturbations in the de Sitter spacetime. This approach is a step towards a general discussion of gravitational waves in the de Sitter spacetime and might assume relevance in cosmology in order to study the stochastic background emerging from inflation.
description: 17 pages. Misprints amended in Eqs. 50, 54, 55, 75, 76
What is the largest Einstein radius in the universe?
Creators: name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Blandford, Roger D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein radius plays a central role in lens studies as it characterises the strength of gravitational lensing. The distribution of Einstein radii near the upper cutoff should probe the largest mass concentrations in the universe. Adopting a triaxial halo model, we compute expected distributions of large Einstein radii. To assess the cosmic variance, we generate a number of all-sky Monte-Carlo realisations. We find that the expected largest Einstein radius in the universe is sensitive to the cosmological model: for a source redshift z=1, they are 42^{+9}_{-7}, 35^{+8}_{-6}, and 54^{+12}_{-7} arcseconds, assuming best-fit parameters of the WMAP5, WMAP3 and WMAP1 data, respectively. These values are broadly consistent with current observations given their incompleteness. For the same source redshift, we expect in all-sky 35 (WMAP5), 15 (WMAP3), and 150 (WMAP1) clusters that have Einstein radii larger than 20". Whilst the values of the largest Einstein radii are almost unaffected by the primordial non-Gaussianity currently of interest, the abundance of large lens clusters should probe non-Gaussianity competitively with CMB, but only if other cosmological parameters are well-measured. We also find that these "superlens" clusters constitute a highly biased population. For instance, a substantial fraction of these superlens clusters have major axes preferentially aligned with the line-of-sight. As a consequence, the projected mass distributions of the clusters are rounder by an ellipticity of 0.2 and have 40%-60% larger concentrations compared with typical clusters with similar redshifts and masses. We argue that the large concentration measured in A1689 is consistent with our model prediction at the 1.2σlevel. (Abridged)
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Localization of the relative phase via measurements
Creators: name: Paraoanu, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When two independently-prepared Bose-Einstein condensates are released from their corresponding traps, the absorbtion image of the overlapping clouds presents an interference pattern. Here we analyze a model introduced by Javanainen and Yoo (J. Javanainen and S. M. Yoo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 161 (1996)), who considered two atomic condensates described by plane waves propagating in opposite directions. We present an analytical argument for the measurement-induced breaking of the relative phase symmetry in this system, demonstrating how the phase gets localized after a large enough number of detection events.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
The LBT Panoramic View on the Recent Star-Formation Activity in IC2574
Creators: name: Pasquali, A.
name: Leroy, A.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Walter, F.
name: Herbst, T.
name: Giallongo, E.
name: Ragazzoni, R.
name: Baruffolo, A.
name: Speziali, R.
name: Hill, J.
name: Beccari, G.
name: Bouche', N.
name: Buschkamp, P.
name: Kochanek, C.
name: Skillman, E.
name: Bechtold, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep imaging of the star-forming dwarf galaxy IC2574 in the M81 group taken with the Large Binocular Telescope in order to study in detail the recent star-formation history of this galaxy and to constrain the stellar feedback on its HI gas. We identify the star-forming areas in the galaxy by removing a smooth disk component from the optical images. We construct pixel-by-pixel maps of stellar age and stellar mass surface density in these regions by comparing their observed colors with simple stellar populations synthesized with STARBURST99. We find that an older burst occurred about 100 Myr ago within the inner 4 kpc and that a younger burst happened in the last 10 Myr mostly at galactocentric radii between 4 and 8 kpc. We analyze the stellar populations residing in the known HI holes of IC2574. Our results indicate that, even at the remarkable photometric depth of the LBT data, there is no clear one-to-one association between the observed HI holes and the most recent bursts of star formation in IC2574. The stellar populations formed during the younger burst are usually located at the periphery of the HI holes and are seen to be younger than the holes dynamical age. The kinetic energy of the holes expansion is found to be on average 10% of the total stellar energy released by the stellar winds and supernova explosions of the young stellar populations within the holes. With the help of control apertures distributed across the galaxy we estimate that the kinetic energy stored in the HI gas in the form of its local velocity dispersion is about 35% of the total stellar energy.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Beyond the neural correlates of consciousness: using brain stimulation to elucidate causal mechanisms underlying conscious states and contents
Creators: name: Bareham, Corinne
name: Oxner, M
name: Gastrell, T
name: Podhortzer Carmel, David
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: We are conscious beings: Somehow, the activity of our brains and nervous systems gives rise to states in which we have subjective experiences; and when we are in such states, we are aware of specific content. Researchers are only beginning to develop an understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying these phenomena. Much of the research in the last few decades has focussed on discerning the neural correlates of consciousness, using neuroimaging methods. Correlates, however, are not causes: to draw inferences about the processes that generate consciousness, rather than accompanying it, one must manipulate brain activity and examine the effects this has on conscious states and contents. One way to do so is to use brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). In this review, we survey the consciousness literature with a special emphasis on TMS studies. We begin by examining what is known about the neural substrates of states of consciousness–the kinds of brain activity that determine whether a person is awake, asleep, or suffering from a disorder of consciousness. We then delve into the contents of consciousness, by examining the literature on perceptual awareness. Throughout, we highlight current controversies and promising avenues for further research.
Physical replicas and the Bose-glass in cold atomic gases
Creators: name: Morrison, S.
name: Kantian, A.
name: Daley, A. J.
name: Katzgraber, H. G.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Büchler, H. P.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cold atomic gases in a disorder potential and analyze the correlations between different systems subjected to the same disorder landscape. Such independent copies with the same disorder landscape are known as replicas. While in general these are not accessible experimentally in condensed matter systems, they can be realized using standard tools for controlling cold atomic gases in an optical lattice. Of special interest is the overlap function which represents a natural order parameter for disordered systems and is a correlation function between the atoms of two independent replicas with the same disorder. We demonstrate an efficient measurement scheme for the determination of this disorder-induced correlation function. As an application, we focus on the disordered Bose-Hubbard model and determine the overlap function within perturbation theory and a numerical analysis. We find that the measurement of the overlap function allows for the identification of the Bose-glass phase in certain parameter regimes.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, updated and added several references, other minor changes and corrections
Mergers and Mass Accretion Rates in Galaxy Assembly: The Millennium Simulation Compared to Observations of z~2 Galaxies
Creators: name: Genel, S.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Bouché, N.
name: Sternberg, A.
name: Naab, T.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Förster
name: Shapiro, K. L.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Cresci, G.
name: Buschkamp, P.
name: Davies, R. I.
name: Hicks, E. K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of UV-/optically selected, massive star forming galaxies at z~2 indicate that the baryonic mass assembly and star formation history is dominated by continuous rapid accretion of gas and internal secular evolution, rather than by major mergers. We use the Millennium Simulation to build new halo merger trees, and extract halo merger fractions and mass accretion rates. We find that even for halos not undergoing major mergers the mass accretion rates are plausibly sufficient to account for the high star formation rates observed in z~2 disks. On the other hand, the fraction of major mergers in the Millennium Simulation is sufficient to account for the number counts of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), in support of observational evidence that these are major mergers. When following the fate of these two populations in the Millennium Simulation to z=0, we find that subsequent mergers are not frequent enough to convert all z~2 turbulent disks into elliptical galaxies at z=0. Similarly, mergers cannot transform the compact SMGs/red sequence galaxies at z~2 into observed massive cluster ellipticals at z=0. We argue therefore, that secular and internal evolution must play an important role in the evolution of a significant fraction of z~2 UV-/optically and submillimeter selected galaxy populations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНОЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ АНЕМИИ БЕРЕМЕННЫХ НА ПЕРИОД АДАПТАЦИИ НОВОРОЖДЕННЫХ И НА ДАЛЬНЕЙШЕЕ ИХ ЗДОРОВЬЕ
Creators: name: Ахрарова, Н. А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Обследованы 55 новорожденных детей и их матери с анемией во время беременности, контрольная группа - 20 матерей без анемии и их дети.Проведено исследование с целью выявления особенности развития плода и течение ранней адаптации новорожденных при анемии у беременных и ее последствия, структуру и степени тяжести заболеваемости во время беременности. Выявлено, что железодефицитная анемия (ЖДА) беременных отягощает течение гестационного процесса, вызывает ряд осложнений в родах и послеродовом периоде, оказываетвлияние на развитие патологии плода и новорожденного. ЖДА является полиэтиологическим заболеванием, имеющим сложный патогенез, сопровождается сочетанными железо- и фолиево-дефицитными состояниями, и дисбалансом важнейших микроэлементов.
An Exterior Algebraic Derivation of the Euler-Lagrange Equations from the Principle of Stationary Action
Creators: name: Colombaro, Ivano
name: Font-Segura, Josep
name: Martinez, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J05, 15A75

description: In this paper, we review two related aspects of field theory: the modeling of the fields by means of exterior algebra and calculus, and the derivation of the field dynamics, i.e., the Euler-Lagrange equations, by means of the stationary action principle. In contrast to the usual tensorial derivation of these equations for field theories, that gives separate equations for the field components, two related coordinate-free forms of the Euler-Lagrange equations are derived. These alternative forms of the equations, reminiscent of the formulae of vector calculus, are expressed in terms of vector derivatives of the Lagrangian density. The first form is valid for a generic Lagrangian density that only depends on the first-order derivatives of the field. The second form, expressed in exterior algebra notation, is specific to the case when the Lagrangian density is a function of the exterior and interior derivatives of the multivector field. As an application, a Lagrangian density for generalized electromagnetic multivector fields of arbitrary grade is postulated and shown to have, by taking the vector derivative of the Lagrangian density, the generalized Maxwell equations as Euler--Lagrange equations.
description: 13 pages
Reanalysis of two eclipsing binaries: EE Aqr and Z Vul
Creators: name: Ghoreyshi, Sayyed Mohammad Reza
name: Ghanbari, Jamshid
name: Salehi, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the radial-velocity and light curves of the two eclipsing binaries EE Aqr and Z Vul. Using the latest version of the Wilson & Van Hamme (2003) model, absolute parameters for the systems are determined. We find that EE Aqr and Z Vul are near-contact and semi-detached systems, respectively. The primary component of EE Aqr fills about 96% of its 'Roche lobe', while its secondary one appears close to completely filling this limiting volume. In a similar way, we find fill-out proportions of about 72 and 100% of these volumes for the primary and secondary components of Z Vul respectively. We compare our results with those of previous authors.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 10 tables
title: Joint Contact Forces of the Lower Extremity During Straight-line and Curved Sprinting
title: MATLAB script for statistical analysis
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gerlach, Meike
name: de Graaf, Myriam Lauren
name: Boström, Kim Joris
name: Wagner, Heiko
Publisher: name: Universität Münster
Year: 2024
Subjects: joint contact forces
sprinting
joint kinetics
musculoskeletal model
curve sprinting
track and field

description: MATLAB script for statistical analysis
Space and Spatial Roadmap 2030 - eResearch Australasia 2021 Birds of a Feather Presentation
Creators: name: Kealy, Allison
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: geospatial
data
space
spatial

description: Presentation by Allison Kealy (RMIT) on the "Space and Spatial Roadmap 2030", delivered at the eResearch Australasia 2021 Birds of a Feather session "Geospatial Capabilities for the next decade: scale, sector and pathways for collaboration and utilisation of spatial data infrastructures"