cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tuning Magnetic Properties of Penta-Graphene Bilayers Through Doping with Boron and Oxygen
Creators: name: Santos, Ramiro M. dos
name: da Cunha, Wiliam F.
name: Junior, Rafael T. de Sousa
name: Giozza, William F.
name: Junior, Luiz A. Ribeiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2; I.6
subject: 00-XX

description: Penta-graphene (PG) is a carbon allotrope that has recently attracted the attention of the materials science community due to its interesting properties for renewable energy applications. Although unstable in its pure form, it has been shown that functionalization may stabilize its structure. A question that arises is whether its outstanding electronic properties could also be further improved using such a procedure. As PG bilayers present both sp$^2$ and sp$^3$ carbon planes, it consists of a flexible candidate for functionalization tuning of electromagnetic properties. In this work, we perform density functional theory simulations to investigate how the electronic and structural properties of PG bilayers can be tuned as a result of substitution doping. Specifically, we observed the emergence of different magnetic properties when boron was used as dopant species. On the other hand, in the case of doping with oxygen, the rupture of bonds in the sp$^2$ planes does not induce a magnetic moment in the material.
description: 8 pages and 3 figures
Flux-induced SUSY-breaking soft terms on D7-D3 brane systems
Creators: name: Camara, P. G.
name: Ibanez, L. E.
name: Uranga, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of RR and NSNS 3-form fluxes on the effective action of the worldvolume fields of Type IIB D7/D3-brane configurations. The D7-branes wrap 4-cycles on a local Calabi-Yau geometry. This is an extension of previous work on hep-th/0311241, where a similar analysis was applied to the case of D3-branes. Our present analysis is based on the D7- and D3-brane Dirac-Born-Infeld and Chern-Simons actions, and makes full use of the R-symmetries of the system, which allow us to compute explicitly results for the fields lying at the D3-D7 intersections. A number of interesting new properties appear as compared to the simpler case of configurations with only D3-branes. As a general result one finds that fluxes stabilize some or all of the D7-brane moduli. We argue that this is important for the problem of stabilizing Kahler moduli through non-perturbative effects in KKLT-like vacua. We also show that (0,3) imaginary self-dual fluxes, which lead to compactifications with zero vacuum energy, give rise to SUSY-breaking soft terms including gaugino and scalar masses, and trilinear terms. Particular examples of chiral MSSM-like models of this class of vacua, based on D3-D7 brane systems at orbifold singularities are presented.
description: 58 pages, no figures; v2: numerical factor in section 7.2 corrected
Recent Developments on System Function/Matrix Representation, Hybrid Simulation Techniques, and Magnetic Actuation
Creators: name: Kluth, Tobias
Publisher: name: International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging
Year: 2020

description: The first issue of the sixth volume of the International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging presents four papers focusing on different aspects of the image reconstruction problem in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) and developments in magnetic actuation. The original research articles provide deeper insights into system function/matrix representation in terms of Chebyshev polynomials and they exploit a singular value decomposition (SVD) approach to reduce the size of the imaging problem. Introducing new experimental techniques enable gathering insights in the MPI methodology and magnetic actuation applications benefit from the development and analysis of new tools. Int. J. Mag. Part. Imag. 6(1), 2020, Article ID: 2010001, DOI: 10.18416/IJMPI.2020.2010001
description: International Journal on Magnetic Particle Imaging, Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Quantifying the evidence for resonant damping of coronal waves with foot-point wave power asymmetry
Creators: name: Montes-Solís, M.
name: Arregui, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (CoMP) observations of propagating waves in the solar corona and Bayesian analysis to assess the evidence of models with resonant damping and foot-point wave power asymmetries. Two nested models are considered. The reduced model considers resonant damping as the sole cause of the measured discrepancy between outward and inward wave power. The larger model contemplates an extra source of asymmetry with origin at the foot-points. We first compute probability distributions of parameters conditional on the models and the observed data. The obtained constraints are then used to calculate the evidence for each model in view of data. We find that we need to consider the larger model to explain CoMP data and to accurately infer the damping ratio, hence, to better assess the possible contribution of the waves to coronal heating.
description: Accepted in A&A
Monte Carlo simulation of Ising model on directed Barabasi-Albert network
Creators: name: Sumour, Muneer A.
name: Shabat, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of spontaneous magnetization of Ising spins on directed Barabasi-Albert networks is investigated with seven neighbors, by using Monte Carlo simulations. In large systems we see the magnetization for different temperatures T to decay after a characteristic time tau, which is extrapolated to diverge at zero temperature.
description: Error corrected, main conclusion unchanged; for Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 16, issue 4 (2005)
Additional file 4 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4 AtPP2C proteins identified in A. thaliana.
Financial and Risk Management Assistance: Decision Support for Agriculture
Creators: name: Klose, Steven L.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Klose, Steven L.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: decision information
subject: decision support system
subject: extension programming
subject: farm level analysis
subject: outreach
subject: simulation

description: The Financial and Risk Management (FARM) Assistance program created by Texas Cooperative Extension is a strategic analysis service offered to farmers and ranchers in Texas. The program serves as an example of large-scale, focused programming by extension agencies, as well as the implementation of technical stochastic simulation methods for use on the farm.
Webs of educational relationships
Creators: name: Coulter, Dianne Ellen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis uses a number of stories from my early practice as a secondary teacher to illustrate what for me is the crux of teaching—relationships. I use the work of Nel Noddings and Hannah Arendt to analyze these stories and to discuss the importance of relationships in teaching. Nel Noddings has written extensively on the concept of an ethic of care and her book the Challenge to Care: An Alternative Approach to Education is an in-depth description of a curriculum organized around centres of care. For Noddings education is complex and takes into account the whole person: their values, attitudes and relationships with others. I talk about the role of the care-giver and cared-for. Noddings believes that we all have the capacity to care; caring requires one to be receptive, to recognize when someone needs to be cared for. Caring also requires courage. To be a care-giver one must know the cared-for, that is, one must be in relationship; accordingly teachers must foster educational relationships with their students. I also discuss the roadblocks schools put in the way of educational caring and developing students themselves to become care-givers. I will be using a number of Hannah Arendt's concepts that have significant educational importance. She divides human activities into labour, work and action and I discuss what these activities look like in an educator's day. I will also discuss her concepts of private and public and how the classroom is both a private and public space. Her most important concepts are plurality and natality: plurality involves making sense of our lives in dialogue with other people; natality signals the uniqueness each of us brings to those conversations. It is crucially important for teachers to respect both plurality and natality in educating children to take their place in the world and more importantly to make their mark. I will then compare the work of Noddings and Arendt, showing that, while their ideas may seem antithetical, their projects are in important ways complementary. Noddings is primarily concerned with educating students to care: to care about themselves, about others, about animals and about the environment. Her concern is to care on an individual level. Arendt wants students to care about the world. She wants people to make a difference, she wants them to interact and through this dialogue action can occur. Asa result of writing this paper I believe I more fully understand my role as an educational leader. I now more fully appreciate the responsibility teachers have in educating the young. I now understand that in my current role as an administrator taking the time to interact with people is educationally important: for example, taking time to show a new student to their locker, taking time to listen to a teacher explain an incident in class or taking time to listen to a personal concern. Relationships are what matter and making the time to develop and maintain relationships is the most important part of my role as an educational leader.
Supercurrent Flow in NJL_{2+1} at High Baryon Density
Creators: name: Hands, Simon
name: Sehra, Avtar Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of numerical simulations of the 2+1d Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio model with non-zero baryon chemical potential mu and spatially-varying complex diquark source strength j. By choosing arg(j) to vary smoothly through 2 pi across the spatial extent of the lattice, a baryon number current is induced which in the high density phase remains non-vanishing as |j|->0; we are hence able to extract a quantity characteristic of a superfluid known as the helicity modulus. We also study supercurrent flow at non-zero temperature and estimate the critical temperature at which the normal phase is restored, which is consistent with the conventional picture for thin-film superfluids in which the transition is viewed in terms of vortex -- anti-vortex unbinding.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Approximate learning of high dimensional Bayesian network structures via pruning of Candidate Parent Sets
Creators: name: Guo, Zhigao
name: Constantinou, Anthony C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Score-based algorithms that learn Bayesian Network (BN) structures provide solutions ranging from different levels of approximate learning to exact learning. Approximate solutions exist because exact learning is generally not applicable to networks of moderate or higher complexity. In general, approximate solutions tend to sacrifice accuracy for speed, where the aim is to minimise the loss in accuracy and maximise the gain in speed. While some approximate algorithms are optimised to handle thousands of variables, these algorithms may still be unable to learn such high dimensional structures. Some of the most efficient score-based algorithms cast the structure learning problem as a combinatorial optimisation of candidate parent sets. This paper explores a strategy towards pruning the size of candidate parent sets, aimed at high dimensionality problems. The results illustrate how different levels of pruning affect the learning speed relative to the loss in accuracy in terms of model fitting, and show that aggressive pruning may be required to produce approximate solutions for high complexity problems.
Web Delivery of a Monte Carlo Simulation Model: The Base and Yield Analyzer Experience
Creators: name: Richardson, James W.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: base and yield update
subject: 2002 farm bill
subject: Monte Carlo simulation

description: The provision for producers to update base acres and payment yields in the 2002 farm bill afforded an opportunity to test whether it was feasible to deliver a complex simulation model directly to producers. A Monte Carlo simulation model for assessing the economic impacts of the alternative base and yield options on individual farms was developed and made available to producers via the World Wide Web. The experiences and challenges from this collaborative extension and research effort are described, as well as the issues educators might consider before delivering complex software to a national audience via the Web.
More on Wilson toroidal networks and torus blocks
Creators: name: Alkalaev, K. B.
name: Belavin, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Wilson line networks of the Chern-Simons $3d$ gravity theory with toroidal boundary conditions which calculate global conformal blocks of degenerate quasi-primary operators in torus $2d$ CFT. After general discussion that summarizes and further extends results known in the literature we explicitly obtain the one-point torus block and two-point torus blocks through particular matrix elements of toroidal Wilson network operators in irreducible finite-dimensional representations of $sl(2,\mathbb{R})$ algebra. The resulting expressions are given in two alternative forms using different ways to treat multiple tensor products of $sl(2,\mathbb{R})$ representations: (1) $3mj$ Wigner symbols and intertwiners of higher valence, (2) totally symmetric tensor products of the fundamental $sl(2,\mathbb{R})$ representation.
description: 36 pages, v2: 43 pages, more explanations and clarifying comments, more references, two new Sections on 2-point torus blocks in terms of 3j Wigner symbols, a journal version
Additional file 6 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6 NcPP2C proteins identified in N. colorata.
Magnetoelastic and Magnetostrictive Properties of Co$_2$XAl Heusler Compounds
Creators: name: Mahfouzi, Farzad
name: Carman, Gregory P.
name: Kioussis, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive first principles electronic structure study of the magnetoelastic and magnetostrictive properties in the Co-based Co$_2$XAl (X = V, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe) full Heusler compounds. In addition to the commonly used total energy approach, we employ torque method to calculate the magnetoelastic tensor elements. We show that the torque based methods are in general computationally more efficient, and allow to unveil the atomic- and orbital-contributions to the magnetoelastic constants in an exact manner, as opposed to the conventional approaches based on second order perturbation with respect to the spin-orbit coupling. The magnetostriction constants are in good agreement with available experimental data. The results reveal that the main contribution to the magnetostriction constants, $λ_{100}$ and $λ_{111}$, arises primarily from the strained-induced modulation of the $\langle d_{x^2-y^2}|\hat{L}_z|d_{xy}\rangle$ and $\langle d_{z^2}|\hat{L}_x|d_{yz}\rangle$ spin orbit coupling matrix elements, respectively, of the Co atoms.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
The Fluxed MSSM
Creators: name: Ibanez, Luis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developemnts in string compactifications in the presence of antisymmetric field backgrounds suggest a new simple and predictive structure for soft terms in the MSSM depending only on two parameters. They give rise to a positive definite scalar potential, a solution to the $μ$-problem, flavor universality and absence of a SUSY-CP problem.
description: 23 pages, no figures. Addendum on intersecting D7-branes included. Referencese added and minor changes
Integrated Farm Financial Statements (IFFS): A Farm Business Planning Tool
Creators: name: Doye, Damona G.
name: Doye, Damona G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: business planning
subject: farm management extension
subject: financial statements

description: Integrated Farm Financial Statements (IFFS) software was developed as an M.S. thesis project in the mid-1980s and was immediately put to use as a tool for business planning in one-on-one work with Oklahoma producers through the Intensive Financial Management and Planning Support project. An updated IFFS continues to be used with producers to project financial statements for 1-3 years. Strengths and weaknesses in the software and extension program are noted, along with components that might serve as a model for other programs. Links with research are discussed, as are prospects for future farm financial management programs.
Fetal brain hemodynamics in pregnancies at term: correlation with gestational age, birthweight and clinical outcome
Creators: name: Ciardulli, Andrea
name: D’Antonio, Francesco
name: Caissutti, Claudia
name: Manzoli, Lamberto
name: Flacco, Maria Elena
name: Buongiorno, Silvia
name: Saccone, Gabriele
name: Rosati, Paolo
name: Lanzone, Antonio
name: Scambia, Giovanni
name: Berghella, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The primary aim of this study was to ascertain the strength of association between cerebral blood flow assessed in anterior (ACA), middle (MCA), and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries and the following clinical outcomes: small for gestational age (SGA), induction of labor (IOL) for oligohydramnios and caesarean section (CS) for nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) during labor. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on consecutive singleton pregnancies from 40 0/7 to 41 6/7 week of gestation. UA, ACA, MCA, PCA pulsatility index (PI) were measured from 40 weeks of gestations. Furthermore, the ratios between cerebral blood flow and UA (CPR, ACA/UA and PCA/UA) were calculated and correlated with the observed outcomes. Two hundred twenty-four singleton pregnancies were included in the study. Mean PI of either ACA (p = .04), MCA (p = .008), and PCA (p = .003) were lower in the SGA compared to non-SGA group; furthermore, mean PCA PI was significantly lower than MCA PI (p = .04). Furthermore, CPR (p = .016), ACA/UA (p = .02), and PCA/UA (p = .003) were significantly lower in the SGA group compared to controls. UA, ACA, MCA, and PCA PI were higher in women undergoing IOL for oligohydramnios compared to controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that CPR and PCA/UA ratio were independently associated with SGA. SGA, ACA PI, and ACA/UA were independently associated with CS for NRFS. Finally, birthweight centile, were independently associated with IOL oligohydramnios. Despite this, the predictive accuracy of Doppler in detecting any of the explored outcome was only poor to moderate. Redistribution of cerebral blood flow at term is significantly associated with SGA, IOL for oligohydramnios and CS for NRFS in labor. However, the predictive accuracy of Doppler at term is only poor to moderate, thus advising against its use in clinical practice as a standalone screening test for adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term. Key Message Redistribution of cerebral blood flow at term is significantly associated with SGA, IOL for oligohydramnios and CS for NRFS in labor.
Octonionic Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Gogberashvili, Merab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dirac's operator and Maxwell's equations in vacuum are derived in the algebra of split octonions. The approximations are given which lead to classical Maxwell-Heaviside equations from full octonionic equations. The non-existence of magnetic monopoles in classical electrodynamics is connected with the using of associativity limit.
description: The version accepted by J. Phys. A
Magnesium abundances in cool metal-polluted white dwarfs
Creators: name: Blouin, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion of rocky material is responsible for the presence of heavy elements in the atmospheres of a large fraction of white dwarf stars. Those objects represent a unique opportunity to infer the bulk composition of exoplanetesimals. This chemical characterization requires the use of detailed atmosphere models to determine the elemental abundances at the photospheres of white dwarfs. In this work, we use a state-of-the-art model atmosphere code to reanalyse the first large survey of metal-polluted white dwarfs for which abundances are found for multiple elements. We show that the improved constitutive physics of our models lead to systematically higher Mg abundances than previous analyses. We find an average log Mg/Ca number abundance ratio of 1.5. This value is significantly above the reference abundance for chondrites, which is expected as current diffusion models predict that for the cool helium-atmosphere white dwarfs of our sample Mg should remain in the atmosphere longer than Ca. This helps resolve a recently identified Mg depletion problem, where the planetesimals accreted by white dwarfs were reported to be Mg-deficient compared to the expected composition of their planetary systems.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Published in MNRAS. The complete versions of Figure 1, Table 1 and Table 2 are available for download as ancillary files. Corrected formatting errors in table2.txt
Light-induced topological magnons in two-dimensional van der Waals magnets
Creators: name: Boström, Emil Viñas
name: Claassen, Martin
name: McIver, James W.
name: Jotzu, Gregor
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Sentef, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Driving a two-dimensional Mott insulator with circularly polarized light breaks time-reversal and inversion symmetry, which induces an optically-tunable synthetic scalar spin chirality interaction in the effective low-energy spin Hamiltonian. Here, we show that this mechanism can stabilize topological magnon excitations in honeycomb ferromagnets and in optical lattices. We find that the irradiated quantum magnet is described by a Haldane model for magnons that hosts topologically-protected edge modes. We study the evolution of the magnon spectrum in the Floquet regime and via time propagation of the magnon Hamiltonian for a slowly varying pulse envelope. Compared to similar but conceptually distinct driving schemes based on the Aharanov-Casher effect, the dimensionless light-matter coupling parameter $λ= eEa/\hbarω$ at fixed electric field strength is enhanced by a factor $\sim 10^5$. This increase of the coupling parameter allows to induce a topological gap of the order of $Δ\approx 2$ meV with realistic laser pulses, bringing an experimental realization of light-induced topological magnon edge states within reach.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Theorizing "Producer-led" versus "Investor led" Dairy Cooperatives: A Regulationist Perspective
Creators: name: Enright, Patrick
name: Bowler, Ian
name: Enright, Patrick
name: Bowler, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Agricultural producer cooperatives, especially dairy cooperatives, have been dominant in the agri-food sector, especially in Northern Europe. Recently there has been significant concentration and internationalization amongst dairy cooperatives as many have been transformed into large international growth orientated organizations. In this article, the development of dairy cooperatives in Ireland and Denmark is explored from a regulationist perspective. In particular, the Mode of Social Regulation (MSR) is explored using empirical evidence from the Irish and Danish processing industries. Marden’s (1992) understanding of the MSR – based on five interrelated elements (monetary and credit relationships, the type of competition, the wage-labor relation, the mode of adhesion to the global regime, and the form of state intervention) – is employed. The research has found that the type of accumulation has a significant influence on national MSRs and a distinction is drawn between producer-led accumulation and investorled accumulation in the dairy processing industry. As the national MSRs have evolved, hegemony has shifted from a group or coalition of national organizations and dairy processing companies to globally-orientated and integrated companies. There is evidence of increasing global adhesion in the MSRs of both national industries, although the changing MSRs do not represent a clean break with the past. Rather, contemporary MSRs build upon and are contingent on past MSRs; indeed elements of past MSRs co-exist alongside elements of new MSRs.
Global Structure of Moduli Space for BPS Walls
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Isozumi, Youichi
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohashi, Keisuke
name: Ohta, Kazutoshi
name: Sakai, Norisuke
name: Tachikawa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the global structure of the moduli space of BPS walls in the Higgs branch of supersymmetric theories with eight supercharges. We examine the structure in the neighborhood of a special Lagrangian submanifold M, and find that the dimension of the moduli space can be larger than that naively suggested by the index theorem, contrary to previous examples of BPS solitons. We investigate BPS wall solutions in an explicit example of M using Abelian gauge theory. Its Higgs branch turns out to contain several special Lagrangian submanifolds including M. We show that the total moduli space of BPS walls is the union of these submanifolds. We also find interesting dynamics between BPS walls as a byproduct of the analysis. Namely, mutual repulsion and attraction between BPS walls sometimes forbid a movement of a wall and lock it in a certain position; we also find that a pair of walls can transmute to another pair of walls with different tension after they pass through.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures; a few comments added
Risk Management in Lithuanian and Irish Credit Unions: Trends and Impacts on Credit Union Development
Creators: name: Kaupelyte, Dalia
name: McCarthy, Olive
name: Kaupelyte, Dalia
name: McCarthy, Olive
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The aim of this article is to examine the Irish and Lithuanian credit union movements in terms of risk management and risk performance, and to discuss credit union risk regulation. Risk management in credit unions often closely relates to credit union development stages so that as credit unions mature, higher standards of risk management should be implemented. In some cases these changes are accompanied by shifts in the regulatory framework. A comparison of the situations in Lithuania and Ireland offers some interesting and sometimes unexpected contrasts in the levels of credit union regulation. Despite the comparatively advanced stage of development of the Irish movement, key aspects of risk regulation are considerably more lenient than in Lithuania, where the credit union movement is far smaller and less developed, yet at the same time, more tightly regulated. This comparison demonstrates that the regulatory regime is not always aligned with the stage of credit union development and may, indeed, reflect the economic policies of the country in which they operate.
The Practice of Social Entrepreneurship: Theory and the Swedish Experience
Creators: name: Stryjan, Yohanan
name: Stryjan, Yohanan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The paper outlines a perspective on social entrepreneurship that is based on a Schumpeterian view of entrepreneurship as the creation of new combinations of resources, and focuses on the nature of actors engaging in the pursuit, and the nature of resources mobilized. So as to highlight less familiar aspects of social entrepreneurship, analysis is primarily illustrated by applications of a resource-based approach to the study of grassroots enterprising in Sweden. The presentation proceeds from rudimentary cases (that are organized around a single process of resource conversion) to more complex ones. Social entrepreneurship is viewed as a category of entrepreneurship that primarily (1) is engaged in by collective actors, and (2) involves, in a central role in the undertaking’s resource mix, socially embedded resources. Social entrepreneurship involves the tapping of socially embedded resources and their conversion into (market-) convertible resources, and vice-versa. In doing so, it spans the boundaries between different property-rights regimes that define resources and their utilization. To ensure the undertaking’s (or enterprise’s) survival over time, it would also be expected to contribute to the replenishment of such resources, reconverting market resources into social capital, and reproducing the context that makes such transactions possible.
Agricultural Cooperative Enterprise in the Transition from Socialist Collective Farming
Creators: name: Gardner, Bruce L.
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Gardner, Bruce L.
name: Lerman, Zvi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Cooperative enterprise has appeal as a means of filling gaps in the economic institutions of the rural sectors of the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. But in addition to problems that have faced cooperatives in the West because of their inherent characteristics, the Soviet-era legacy created cultural burdens that cooperatives will have to overcome. A review of countries’ experiences since 1989 indicates some commonalities in attempts to create “new cooperatives,” but also instructive differences across countries. The evidence so far is unfavorable for cooperatives in agricultural production. In marketing and input supply the current situation is more promising. In both production and marketing, the economic institutions remain in flux. Unique approaches involving cooperatives may take permanent root, but their long-term prospects are in doubt.
Sympathetic cooling of $^4$He$^+$ ions in a radiofrequency trap
Creators: name: Roth, B.
name: Fröhlich, U.
name: Schiller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have generated Coulomb crystals of ultracold $^4$He$^+$ ions in a linear radiofrequency trap, by sympathetic cooling via laser--cooled $^9$Be$^+$. Stable crystals containing up to 150 localized He$^+$ ions at $\sim$20 mK were obtained. Ensembles or single ultracold He$^+$ ions open up interesting perspectives for performing precision tests of QED and measurements of nuclear radii. The present work also indicates the feasibility of cooling and crystallizing highly charged atomic ions using $^9$Be$^+$ as coolant.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Spinning Black Hole Binary Dynamics, Scattering Amplitudes and Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Luna, Andres
name: Roiban, Radu
name: Shen, Chia-Hsien
name: Zeng, Mao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a systematic framework for finding the conservative potential of compact binary systems with spin based on scattering amplitudes of particles of arbitrary spin and effective field theory. An arbitrary-spin formalism is generally required in the classical limit. By matching the tree and one-loop amplitudes of four spinning particles with those of a suitably-chosen effective field theory, we obtain the spin1-spin2 terms of a two-body effective Hamiltonian through O(G^2) and valid to all orders in velocity. Solving Hamilton's equations yields the impulse and spin changes of the individual bodies. We write them in a surprisingly compact form as appropriate derivatives of the eikonal phase obtained from the amplitude. It seems likely this structure persists to higher orders. We also point out various double-copy relations for general spin.
description: 73 pages + refs; 11 figures and 1 table; 2 anc files
Competitive Equilibrium of an Industry with Labor Managed Firms and Price Risk
Creators: name: Bar-Shira, Ziv
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Simhon, Avi
name: Bar-Shira, Ziv
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Simhon, Avi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor Managed Firms
subject: Cooperatives
subject: Price Risk
subject: Risk Aversion
subject: Long-Run.

description: This paper studies the effect of output-price uncertainty in an industry comprised of labor-managed firms (LMFs) in which the number of LMFs and their membership are determined endogenously. The exit condition for a risk-averse LMF member is formulated and the effect of various economic variables on the equilibrium quantities and prices are examined. We find that the equilibrium in our setting is similar to the one that emerges in a ‘capitalistic’ economy where firms are owned by profit-maximizing agents. However, the effects of increases in risk and risk aversion differ from those found in a short-run analysis of a single LMF.
Merger as a Formula to Establish European Cooperative Societies
Creators: name: Marti, Elena Melia
name: Marin-Sanchez, Maria Del Mar
name: Marti, Elena Melia
name: Marin-Sanchez, Maria Del Mar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Statute for a European Cooperative Society
subject: Spanish cooperative regulation
subject: cooperative mergers
subject: crossborder activity

description: Council Regulation (EC) No 1.435/2003, of 22 July 2003, concerning the European Co-operative Statute (ECS), constitutes the legal basis for the creation of european cooperatives, facilitating the development of their cross-border activities and contributing to their economic development. So, the aim of this regulation is to enable the creation of European cooperatives by physical persons or legal entities resident or established under the laws of different Member States, but it also makes possible the establishment of European cooperatives by merger or transformation of existing cooperatives from different Member States. The aim of this paper is to show the specific features of formation of crossborder cooperatives by merger, covered by the ECS, with special attention to those aspects that distance them from the internal formation by merger, within the Spanish legal framework. For the purpose of comparison, Spain will be considered as regards the regulations governing mergers, depending on whether the ECS or the Spanish Cooperative Law is taken into consideration.
Modelling Multi-Agent Epistemic Planning in ASP
Creators: name: Burigana, Alessandro
name: Fabiano, Francesco
name: Dovier, Agostino
name: Pontelli, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Designing agents that reason and act upon the world has always been one of the main objectives of the Artificial Intelligence community. While for planning in "simple" domains the agents can solely rely on facts about the world, in several contexts, e.g., economy, security, justice and politics, the mere knowledge of the world could be insufficient to reach a desired goal. In these scenarios, epistemic reasoning, i.e., reasoning about agents' beliefs about themselves and about other agents' beliefs, is essential to design winning strategies. This paper addresses the problem of reasoning in multi-agent epistemic settings exploiting declarative programming techniques. In particular, the paper presents an actual implementation of a multi-shot Answer Set Programming-based planner that can reason in multi-agent epistemic settings, called PLATO (ePistemic muLti-agent Answer seT programming sOlver). The ASP paradigm enables a concise and elegant design of the planner, w.r.t. other imperative implementations, facilitating the development of formal verification of correctness. The paper shows how the planner, exploiting an ad-hoc epistemic state representation and the efficiency of ASP solvers, has competitive performance results on benchmarks collected from the literature. It is under consideration for acceptance in TPLP.
description: Paper presented at the 36th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2019), University Of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, September 2020, 16 pages
Fetal brain hemodynamics in pregnancies at term: correlation with gestational age, birthweight and clinical outcome
Creators: name: Ciardulli, Andrea
name: D’Antonio, Francesco
name: Caissutti, Claudia
name: Manzoli, Lamberto
name: Flacco, Maria Elena
name: Buongiorno, Silvia
name: Saccone, Gabriele
name: Rosati, Paolo
name: Lanzone, Antonio
name: Scambia, Giovanni
name: Berghella, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Introduction: The primary aim of this study was to ascertain the strength of association between cerebral blood flow assessed in anterior (ACA), middle (MCA), and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries and the following clinical outcomes: small for gestational age (SGA), induction of labor (IOL) for oligohydramnios and caesarean section (CS) for nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) during labor. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on consecutive singleton pregnancies from 40 0/7 to 41 6/7 week of gestation. UA, ACA, MCA, PCA pulsatility index (PI) were measured from 40 weeks of gestations. Furthermore, the ratios between cerebral blood flow and UA (CPR, ACA/UA and PCA/UA) were calculated and correlated with the observed outcomes. Results: Two hundred twenty-four singleton pregnancies were included in the study. Mean PI of either ACA (p = .04), MCA (p = .008), and PCA (p = .003) were lower in the SGA compared to non-SGA group; furthermore, mean PCA PI was significantly lower than MCA PI (p = .04). Furthermore, CPR (p = .016), ACA/UA (p = .02), and PCA/UA (p = .003) were significantly lower in the SGA group compared to controls. UA, ACA, MCA, and PCA PI were higher in women undergoing IOL for oligohydramnios compared to controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that CPR and PCA/UA ratio were independently associated with SGA. SGA, ACA PI, and ACA/UA were independently associated with CS for NRFS. Finally, birthweight centile, were independently associated with IOL oligohydramnios. Despite this, the predictive accuracy of Doppler in detecting any of the explored outcome was only poor to moderate. Conclusion: Redistribution of cerebral blood flow at term is significantly associated with SGA, IOL for oligohydramnios and CS for NRFS in labor. However, the predictive accuracy of Doppler at term is only poor to moderate, thus advising against its use in clinical practice as a standalone screening test for adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term. Key Message Redistribution of cerebral blood flow at term is significantly associated with SGA, IOL for oligohydramnios and CS for NRFS in labor.
Spatial correlation functions in 3-d Ising spin glasses
Creators: name: De Dominicis, Cirano
name: Giardina, Irene
name: Marinari, Enzo
name: Martin, Olivier C.
name: Zuliani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin-spin correlation functions in the low temperature phase of spin-glasses. Using the replica field theory formalism, we examine in detail their infrared (long distance) behavior. In particular we identify a longitudinal mode that behaves as massive at intermediate length scales (near-infrared region). These issues are then addressed by numerical simulation; the analysis of our data is compatible with the prediction that the longitudinal mode appears as massive, i.e., that it undergoes an exponential decay, for distances smaller than an appropriate correlation length.
description: Distinction of 2 infra-red regimes: near is massive-like, far is not
Additional file 31 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 31. PCR primers used in the study.
Electronic Band Structures of Pristine and Chemically Modified Cellulose Allomorphs
Creators: name: Srivastava, Divya
name: Kuklin, Mikhail S.
name: Ahopelto, Jouni
name: Karttunen, Antti J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the structural properties, vibrational spectra, and electronic band structures of crystalline cellulose allomorphs and chemically modified cellulose with quantum chemical methods. The electronic band gaps of cellulose allomorphs I$_α$, I$_β$, II, and III$_1$ lie in the range of 5.0 to 5.6 eV. We show that extra states can be created in the band gap of cellulose by chemical modification. Experimentally feasible amidation of cellulose I$_β$ with aniline or 4,4'- diaminoazobenzene creates narrow bands in the cellulose band gap, reducing the difference between the occupied and empty states to 4.0 or 1.8 eV, respectively. The predicted states 4,4'-diaminoazobenzene-modified cellulose I$_β$ fall in the visible spectrum, suggesting uses in optical applications.
description: 15 pages + 11 pages of supporting information
Agriculture and Co-operativism, a Persistent Duality: The Case of Denmark
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Gurli
name: Jakobsen, Gurli
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The paper argues that co-operativism in Danish agriculture represents both continuity and strong changes from the start of the movement as the economic branch of a comprehensive social and political movement to the large agro-industrial enterprises of today, and that co-operativism still is a necessary tool for both large scale production and for innovation within the agro-industrial sector. After a short description of the role of co-operative thinking and organising in the Danish context historically, the paper presents a statistical overview of the current position of co-operative societies in Danish agriculture on the background of the structural changes that have occurred in primary agriculture and agro-industry during the last generation and a half. The third section presents historical conditions and experiences of co-operativism that have paved the way for the characteristics of the current relation between agriculture and co-operativism. Finally, challenges to this relation are discussed in the context of market trends within the established sectors and new areas of agricultural activities – using the example of organic production.
Additional file 3 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3 VvPP2C proteins identified in V. vinifera.
Additional file 5 of Pervasive duplication, biased molecular evolution and comprehensive functional analysis of the PP2C family in Glycine max
Creators: name: Fan, Kai
name: Yunrui Chen
name: Zhijun Mao
name: Fang, Yao
name: Zhaowei Li
name: Weiwei Lin
name: Yongqiang Zhang
name: Jianping Liu
name: Jinwen Huang
name: Wenxiong Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5 AtrPP2C proteins identified in A. trichopoda.
Sufficient conditions for the existence of bound states in a central potential
Creators: name: Brau, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how a large class of sufficient conditions for the existence of bound states, in non-positive central potentials, can be constructed. These sufficient conditions yield upper limits on the critical value, $g_{\rm{c}}^{(\ell)}$, of the coupling constant (strength), $g$, of the potential, $V(r)=-g v(r)$, for which a first $\ell$-wave bound state appears. These upper limits are significantly more stringent than hitherto known results.
description: 7 pages