cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic contacts and breathing mode physics of 1D p-wave Fermi gases in the high temperature limit
Creators: name: Maki, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important tool for understanding the effects of interactions in harmonically trapped atomic gases is the examination of their collective modes. One such mode is the breathing or monopole mode, which is special as it is constrained to occur at twice the harmonic trapping frequency when the interactions are scale invariant. When the interactions are not scale invariant, the frequency of the breathing mode will deviate from twice the trap frequency. The deviation itself depends on the thermodynamic contacts, which describe how the energy changes with the interactions. In this work I examine how the thermodynamic contacts and the breathing mode frequency of a spin-polarized one-dimensional (1D) p-wave Fermi gas depend on the 1D scattering volume, $\ell$, and the effective range, $r$, in the high temperature limit. Such dynamics can be studied in experiments and provide a tool for understanding how the dynamics depend on interactions with a finite effective range.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Contemplations about axion generation in gyrotrons, magnetrons and other crossed field devices and related detection options for a low cost experiment
Creators: name: Caspers, Fritz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: axions generation
axions detection

description: Here the proposal for a cheap parasitic experiment of LSW style for axions generation and detection using existing high power microwave tubes with static magnetic field is presented and discussed. The basics assumption is that in such a high power crossed field tube also axions could be generated either by the strong EM field inside such a tube or by the gyrating electrons in a B-field. As receiver a simpe small pillbox type cavity at ambient and magnetically biased with a suitable permanent magnet is considered inside an extremely RF wise leak tight (300 dB) shoebox size axion receiver to be operated just outside the high power microwave tube.
Estimation of Photometric Redshifts. I. Machine Learning Inference for Pan-STARRS1 Galaxies Using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Lee, Joongoo
name: Shin, Min-Su
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new machine learning model for estimating photometric redshifts with improved accuracy for galaxies in Pan-STARRS1 data release 1. Depending on the estimation range of redshifts, this model based on neural networks can handle the difficulty for inferring photometric redshifts. Moreover, to reduce bias induced by the new model's ability to deal with estimation difficulty, it exploits the power of ensemble learning. We extensively examine the mapping between input features and target redshift spaces to which the model is validly applicable to discover the strength and weaknesses of trained model. Because our trained model is well calibrated, our model produces reliable confidence information about objects with non-catastrophic estimation. While our model is highly accurate for most test examples residing in the input space, where training samples are densely populated, its accuracy quickly diminishes for sparse samples and unobserved objects (i.e., unseen samples) in training. We report that out-of-distribution (OOD) samples for our model contain both physically OOD objects (i.e., stars and quasars) and galaxies with observed properties not represented by training data. The code for our model is available at https://github.com/GooLee0123/MBRNN for other uses of the model and retraining the model with different data.
description: 26 pages, accepted to AJ
Interaction of a Supernova Shock with the other Star in a Binary System
Creators: name: Istomin, Yakov
name: Soloviev, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction of a fast shock wave generated during a supernova explosion with a magnetized star-companion of the supernova precursor produces a current sheet. We consider the evolution of this current sheet and show that a singularity (shock) is formed in finite time within the ideal MHD framework. Charged particles (electrons) are accelerated in the vicinity of the singularity, and their distribution function has a plateau up to the energies of the order of $10^4 mc^2$. These fast particles radiate in the $γ$-range in the strong magnetic field of the current sheet ($B\simeq 10^6 G$). Radiation is concentrated within a narrow angle around the current sheet, $Δθ\simeq 3\cdot 10^{-4}$, and its spectrum has the maximum at several hundreds of $keV$. Presented calculations confirm the model of cosmological GRBs proposed by Istomin & Komberg (2002).
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
AQFT from n-functorial QFT
Creators: name: Schreiber, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16B50; 81T05

description: There are essentially two different approaches to the axiomatization of quantum field theory (QFT): algebraic QFT, going back to Haag and Kastler, and functorial QFT, going back to Atiyah and Segal. More recently, based on ideas by Baez and Dolan, the latter is being refined to "extended" functorial QFT by Freed, Hopkins, Lurie and others. The first approach uses local nets of operator algebras which assign to each patch an algebra "of observables", the latter uses n-functors which assign to each patch a "propagator of states". In this note we present an observation about how these two axiom systems are naturally related: we demonstrate under mild assumptions that every 2-dimensional extended Minkowskian QFT 2-functor ("parallel surface transport") naturally yields a local net. This is obtained by postcomposing the propagation 2-functor with an operation that mimics the passage from the Schroedinger picture to the Heisenberg picture in quantum mechanics. The argument has a straightforward generalization to general pseudo-Riemannian structure and higher dimensions.
description: 39 pages; further examples added: Hopf spin chains and asymptotic inclusion of subfactors; references added
Massive stars in their death-throes
Creators: name: Eldridge, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the stars that explode as supernovae used to be a forensic study, working backwards from the remnants of the star. This changed in 1987 when the first progenitor star was identified in pre-explosion images. Currently there are 8 detected progenitors with another 21 non-detections, for which only a limit on the pre-explosion luminosity can be placed. This new avenue of supernova research has led to many interesting conclusions, most importantly that the progenitors of the most common supernovae, type IIP, are red supergiants as theory has long predicted. However no progenitors have been detected thus far for the hydrogen-free type Ib/c supernovae which, given the expected progenitors, is an unlikely result. Also observations have begun to show evidence that luminous blue variables, which are among the most massive stars, may directly explode as supernovae. These results contradict current stellar evolution theory. This suggests that we may need to update our understanding.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, review to appear in the Triennial edition of the Philosophical Transations of the Royal Society A. Content changed to correct history of LBV-like progenitors
Symplectic Manifolds with Vanishing Action-Maslov Homomorphism
Creators: name: Branson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 53D40

description: The action--Maslov homomorphism $I\coπ_1(\text{Ham}(X,ω))\to\R$ is an important tool for understanding the topology of the Hamiltonian group of monotone symplectic manifolds. We explore conditions for the vanishing of this homomorphism, and show that it is identically zero when the Seidel element has finite order and the homology satisfies property $\mathcal{D}$ (a generalization of having homology generated by divisor classes). We use these results to show that $I=0$ for products of projective spaces and the Grassmannian of $2$ planes in $\C^4$.
description: 21 pages, rewritten to remove unnecessary information and correct typographical errors
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: October 2018 New Jersey 03 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); New Jersey Congressional District 03 (1); democratic candidate Andy Kim (1); republican candidate Tom MacArthur (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); opinion of various public figures (2); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); political partisanship (1).
Automatic Retrieval of Indicator Sounds for Acoustic Geo-Tagging
Creators: name: Abeßer, Jakob
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2025
Subjects: Media Forensics
Environmental Sound Analysis

description: Humans describe ambient audio using concepts like sound sources and acoustic scene. Location-specific sounds, such as sirens and church bells, enhance the understanding of a recording's geographic origin. Originally coined as “soundmarks” in soundscape research, these distinctive acoustic landmark sounds define a location’s unique sonic character. In the past decade, the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) community has focused mainly on tasks like acoustic scene classification (ASC) and sound event detection (SED). This study explores acoustic geo-tagging (AGT), which aims to identify an audio clip's geographic origin (city, country, or acoustic scene). AGT is vital for context-sensitive audio processing in hearing aids, verifying multimedia content, and audio forensics. We propose a novel taxonomy of four sound categories, ranging from general sound events with no geographic specificity to highly specific soundmarks, which are unique for a location. Additionally, we evaluate two data-driven approaches for automatically retrieving indicator sounds, which can serve as cues for AGT since they occur more frequently in specific areas: (a) a statistical method based on sound-location co-occurrence and (b) a deep learning-based approach utilizing explainable AI techniques.
Variational approach to vortex penetration and vortex interaction
Creators: name: Hernández, Alexander D.
name: López, Arturo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variational calculation for vortex penetration is presented. Variational trial functions for the Meissner state are combined with variational functions for a vortex near the surface. The latter is based on Clem's trial solutions for a vortex in bulk, which were adapted to include surface effects through consideration of an image vortex. Three variational parameters are considered, corresponding to the effective coherence length of the vortex, the effective penetration length for the Meissner currents, and the value of the order parameter at the surface. The results show that the last two variational parameters are independent of vortex position. Explicit calculations are presented for several $κ$ values. The energy barrier for vortex penetration is shown to be in good agreement with full numerical calculations of the Ginzburg--Landau equations. We consider the variation of the magnetic flux carried by a vortex as it gets inside the superconductor and agreement with known experimental and theoretical results is obtained. The model was extended to calculate the force between two vortices, and the results show that the force goes to zero as the pair comes close to the surface. This result can be of interest for the study of the melting of the vortex lattice and for vortices confined in mesoscopic superconductors. The variational approach can be very helpful for intermediate $κ$ values when numerical calculations become computationally demanding because it provides manageable expressions for all physically relevant quantities.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
title: Perfect Product In Perfect Industry – Design For Logistics
Creators: name: Bielecki, Maciej
name: Galińska, Barbara
name: Polak-Sopińska, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Lodz University of Technology Press
Year: 2021

description: The book is the result of the analysis of publications in the field of logistics, design supporting excellence and logistics, and many years of experience of scientists and practitioners, including the authors. Its subject matter falls within the scientific discipline of "management and quality sciences" and is strongly tied to contemporary issues in logistics. It is an interesting study on the issue of Design for Logistics, the physical manifestation of which is a logistically efficient product.
N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons-matter theories, M2-branes and their gravity duals
Creators: name: Aharony, Ofer
name: Bergman, Oren
name: Jafferis, Daniel Louis
name: Maldacena, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct three dimensional Chern-Simons-matter theories with gauge groups U(N)xU(N) and SU(N)xSU(N) which have explicit N=6 superconformal symmetry. Using brane constructions we argue that the U(N)xU(N) theory at level k describes the low energy limit of N M2-branes probing a C^4/Z_k singularity. At large N the theory is then dual to M theory on AdS_4xS^7/Z_k. The theory also has a 't Hooft limit (of large N with a fixed ratio N/k) which is dual to type IIA string theory on AdS_4xCP^3. For k=1 the theory is conjectured to describe N M2-branes in flat space, although our construction realizes explicitly only six of the eight supersymmetries. We give some evidence for this conjecture, which is similar to the evidence for mirror symmetry in d=3 gauge theories. When the gauge group is SU(2)xSU(2) our theory has extra symmetries and becomes identical to the Bagger-Lambert theory.
description: 41 pages, 4 figures. v3: minor corrections, added references. v4: added reference, minor changes, JHEP version
Effects of the chromospheric Lyα line profile shape on the determination of the solar wind HI outflow velocity using the Doppler dimming technique
Creators: name: Capuano, G. E.
name: Dolei, S.
name: Spadaro, D.
name: Guglielmino, S. L.
name: Romano, P.
name: Ventura, R.
name: Andretta, V.
name: Bemporad, A.
name: Sasso, C.
name: Susino, R.
name: Da Deppo, V.
name: Frassetto, F.
name: Giordano, S. M.
name: Landini, F.
name: Nicolini, G.
name: Pancrazzi, M.
name: Romoli, M.
name: Zangrilli, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of solar wind outflow velocity is fundamental in order to probe the mechanisms of wind acceleration in the corona. We aim to study, via the Doppler dimming technique, the effects that the chromospheric Lyα line profile shape causes on the determination of the outflow speed of coronal HI atoms. The Doppler dimming technique takes into account the decrease of coronal Lyα radiation in regions where HI atoms flow out in the solar wind. Starting from UV observations (UVCS/SOHO) of the coronal Lyα line and simultaneous measurements of pB (LASCO/SOHO and Mk3/MLSO), we studied the effect of the pumping chromospheric Lyα line profile through measurements from SOHO/SUMER, UVSP/SMM and LPSP/OSO-8, taken from representative on-disk regions and as a function of time during the solar activity cycle. In particular, we considered the effect of four chromospheric line parameters: line width, depth of the central reversal, asymmetry and distance of the peaks. We find that the range of variability of these parameters is of about 50% for the width, 69% for the depth of the central reversal, 35% for the asymmetry, and 50% for the distance of the peaks. Then, we find that the variability of the pumping Lyα profile affects the estimates of the coronal HI velocity by about 9-12%. Therefore, this uncertainty is smaller than other physical quantities uncertainties, and a constant in time and unique shape of the Lyα profile over the solar disk can be adopted in order to estimate the solar wind outflow velocity.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, it will appear in "Astronomy & Astrophysics", accepted for "ESPM-16" and "SWICo 2021", the uploaded abstract is abridged
Socialized medicine
Creators: name: Dolese, Leona B.
Publisher: name: University of Oregon
Year: 1939
Subjects: State Medicine

description: In the past 50 years, there have been wonderful developments in the fields of both medicine and Science. From a comparatively simple art, medicine has been transformed into one of great complexity, the whole structure of which is complicated and expensive. One of the biggest problems confronting the American people today is that of providing medical care to all at a price which they can afford to pay.
New generalization of the simplest $α$-attractor $T$ model
Creators: name: German, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simplest $α$-attractor $T$ model is given by the potential $V=V_0\tanh^2(λϕ/M_{pl})$. However its generalization to the class of models of the type $V = V_0 \tanh^p (λϕ/M_{pl})$ is difficult to interpret as a model of inflation for most values of $p$. Keeping the basic model, we propose a new generalization, where the final potential is of the form $V = V_0 (1-\sech^p (λϕ/M_{pl}))$, which does not present any of the problems that plague the original generalization, allowing a successful interpretation as a model of inflation for any value of $p$ and, at the same time, providing the potential with a region where reheating can occur for any $p$ (including odd and fractional values) without difficulty. In the cases $p = 1, 2, 4$ we obtain the solutions $r(n_s, N_{ke})$ where $r$ is the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $n_s$ the spectral index and $N_{ke}$ the number of $e$-folds during inflation. We also show how these solutions connect to the $ϕ^2$ monomial.
description: Published Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 3 of Plastome evolution and phylogenomic insights into the evolution of Lysimachia (Primulaceae: Myrsinoideae)
Creators: name: Liu, Tong-Jian
name: Zhang, Shu-Yan
name: Wei, Lei
name: Lin, Wei
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Hao, Gang
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Mauve alignment of 50 representative Lysimachia plastomes.
On the functional central limit theorem via martingale approximation
Creators: name: Gordin, Mikhail
name: Peligrad, Magda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of a martingale approximation for the partial sums of a stationary process in terms of the maximum of consecutive errors. Such an approximation is useful for transferring the conditional functional central limit theorem from the martingale to the original process. The condition found is simple and well adapted to a variety of examples, leading to a better understanding of the structure of several stochastic processes and their asymptotic behaviors. The approximation brings together many disparate examples in probability theory. It is valid for classes of variables defined by familiar projection conditions such as the Maxwell--Woodroofe condition, various classes of mixing processes, including the large class of strongly mixing processes, and for additive functionals of Markov chains with normal or symmetric Markov operators.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/10-BEJ276 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Nonequilibrium critical dynamics of the three-dimensional gauge glass
Creators: name: Roma, F.
name: Dominguez, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-equilibrium aging behavior of the gauge glass model in three dimensions at the critical temperature. We perform Monte Carlo simulations with a Metropolis update, and correlation and response functions are calculated for different waiting times. We obtain a multiplicative aging scaling of the correlation and response functions, calculating the aging exponent $b$ and the nonequilibrium autocorrelation decay exponent $λ_c/z_c$. We also analyze the fluctuation-dissipation relationship at the critical temperature, obtaining the critical fluctuation-dissipation ratio $X_\infty$. By comparing our results with the aging scaling reported previously for a model of interacting flux lines in the vortex glass regime, we found that the exponents for both models are very different.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Manuscript accpeted for publication in PRB
Motivations and Expectations for Virtual Gift-Giving in Douyin Live Streams
Creators: name: Qiu, Huilian Sophie
name: Klug, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social live streaming services (SLSS) (e.g. Twitch, YouTube Live) combine real-time presentation of user-generated content with social networking features that allow streamers and viewers to interact in a co-present social online setting. Mobile live streaming is now an integrated feature in many social media apps (e.g. Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat) and has recently advanced as a popular form of content creation on entertainment-based short-video apps, especially in the Chinese market and foremost Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok.
description: The 22nd Annual Conference of the Association of Internet Researchers, Virtual Event, 13-16 Oct 2021
New structural and magnetic aspects of the nanotube system Na2V3O7
Creators: name: Zaharko, O.
name: Gavilano, J. L.
name: Straessle, Th.
name: Miclea, C. F.
name: Mota, A. C.
name: Filinchuk, Y.
name: Chernyshov, D.
name: Deen, P. P.
name: Rahaman, B.
name: Saha-Dasgupta, T.
name: Valenti', R.
name: Matsushita, Y.
name: Doenni, A.
name: Kitazawa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new experimental results of low temperature x-ray synchrotron diffraction, neutron scattering and very low temperature (mK-range) bulk measurements on the nanotube system ${\tube}$. The crystal structure determined from our data is similar to the previously proposed model (P. Millet {\it et al.} J. Solid State Chem. $\bf{147}$, 676 (1999)), but also deviates from it in significant details. The structure comprises nanotubes along the c-axis formed by stacking units of two V-rings buckled in the $ab$-plane. The space group is P$\bar{3}$ and the composition is nonstoichiometric, Na(2-x)V3O7, x=0.17. The thermal evolution of the lattice parameters reveals anisotropic lattice compression on cooling. Neutron scattering experiments monitor a very weak magnetic signal at energies from -20 to 9 meV. New magnetic susceptibility, specific heat measurements and decay of remanent magnetization in the 30 mK - 300 mK range reveal that the previously observed transition at ~76 mK is spin-glass like with no long-range order. Presented experimental observations do not support models of isolated clusters, but are compatible with a model of odd-legged S=1/2 spin tubes possibly segmented into fragments with different lengths.
Lichtenberg figure in a patient with electric burn caused by lightning. A case report
Creators: name: Alejandra Russell Marrufo M.D.
name: Jorge Luis Rubio Ávila M.D.
name: Mirthala Freyre Escobar M.D.
name: Miguel Ángel Sosa Medellín M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background: Lichtenberg figures are typical dermatological lesions on people who are struck by lightning, which are infrequent and extremely mortal. We present a case about a 41-year-old male who was struck by lightning while working outdoors, suffering first and third degree burns with the distinctive Lichtenberg pattern, also presenting thoracic trauma as consequence of high impact mechanism which caused fractures in fourth and fifth left ribs with no clinical repercussion. Despite high voltage and the injury mechanism, it was affected only 2% of total body surface area, with no injury at other organs or systems. Therefore, the patient had a favorable recovery.  Because of the low evidence and incidence concerning the topic, it was added a small review about lightning injuries as well as the physiopathology and main features of Lichtenberg figure.

 

Keywords: Lichtenberg figure, burns.
Optimizing quantum control pulses with complex constraints and few variables through Tensorflow
Creators: name: Song, Yao
name: Li, Junning
name: Hai, Yong-Ju
name: Guo, Qihao
name: Deng, Xiu-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying optimal control algorithms on realistic quantum systems confronts two key challenges: to efficiently adopt physical constraints in the optimization and to minimize the variables for the convenience of experimental tune-ups. In order to resolve these issues, we propose a novel algorithm by incorporating multiple constraints into the gradient optimization over piece-wise pulse constant values, which are transformed to contained numbers of the finite Fourier basis for bandwidth control. Such complex constraints and variable transformation involved in the optimization introduce extreme difficulty in calculating gradients. We resolve this issue efficiently utilizing auto-differentiation on Tensorflow. We test our algorithm by finding smooth control pulses to implement single-qubit and two-qubit gates for superconducting transmon qubits with always-on interaction, which remains a challenge of quantum control in various qubit systems. Our algorithm provides a promising optimal quantum control approach that is friendly to complex and optional physical constraints.
Quantum-Fluctuation-Driven Coherent Spin Dynamics in Small Condensates
Creators: name: Cui, Xiaoling
name: Wang, Yupeng
name: Zhou, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied quantum spin dynamics of small condensates of cold sodium atoms. For a condensate initially prepared in a mean field ground state, we show that coherent spin dynamics are {\em purely} driven by quantum fluctuations of collective spin coordinates and can be tuned by quadratic Zeeman coupling and magnetization. These dynamics in small condensates can be probed in a high-finesse optical cavity where temporal behaviors of excitation spectra of a coupled condensate-photon system reveal the time evolution of populations of atoms at different hyperfine spin states.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Multigraded combinatorial Hopf algebras and refinements of odd and even subalgebras
Creators: name: Hsiao, Samuel K.
name: Karaali, Gizem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E99, 16W30, 06A07, 06A11

description: We develop a theory of multigraded (i.e., $N^l$-graded) combinatorial Hopf algebras modeled on the theory of graded combinatorial Hopf algebras developed by Aguiar, Bergeron, and Sottile [Compos. Math. 142 (2006), 1--30]. In particular we introduce the notion of canonical $k$-odd and $k$-even subalgebras associated with any multigraded combinatorial Hopf algebra, extending simultaneously the work of Aguiar et al. and Ehrenborg. Among our results are specific categorical results for higher level quasisymmetric functions, several basis change formulas, and a generalization of the descents-to-peaks map.
description: 49 pages. To appear in the Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics
GEMINI near-infrared spectroscopic observations of young massive stars embedded in molecular clouds
Creators: name: Roman-Lopes, A.
name: Abraham, Z.
name: Ortiz, R.
name: Rodrigues-Ardila, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: K-band spectra of young stellar candidates in four southern hemisphere clusters have been obtained with the near-infrared spectrograph GNIRS in Gemini South. The clusters are associated with IRAS sources that have colours characteristic of ultracompact HII regions. Spectral types were obtained by comparison of the observed spectra with those of a NIR library; the results include the spectral classification of nine massive stars and seven objects confirmed as background late-type stars. Two of the studied sources have K-band spectra compatible with those characteristic of very hot stars, as inferred from the presence of Civ, Niii, and Nv emission lines at 2.078 micron, 2.116 micron, and 2.100 micron respectively. One of them, I16177 IRS1, has a K-band spectrum similar to that of Cyg OB2 7, an O3If* supergiant star. The nebular K-band spectrum of the associated UC Hii region shows the s-process [Kriii] and [Seiv] high excitation emission lines, previously identified only in planetary nebula. One young stellar object (YSO) was found in each cluster, associated with either the main IRAS source or a nearby resolved MSX component, confirming the results obtained from previous NIR photometric surveys. The distances to the stars were derived from their spectral types and previously determined JHK magnitudes; they agree well with the values obtained from the kinematic method, except in the case of IRAS15408-5356, for which the spectroscopic distance is about a factor two smaller than the kinematic value.
description: This is the version that will be published by the Montly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Universal protoplanetary disk size under complete non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics: The interplay between ion-neutral friction, Hall effect, and the Ohmic dissipation
Creators: name: Lee, Yueh-Ning
name: Marchand, Pierre
name: Liu, Yu-Hsuan
name: Hennebelle, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics has been proven critical during the formation of the protoplanetary disk, particularly in regulating its size. We provide a simple model to predict the disk size under the interplay among the ambipolar diffusion, the Hall effect, and the Ohmic dissipation. The model predicts a small disk size of around 20 AU, that depends only sub-linearly on disk parameters, for a wide range of initial conditions of sub-Solar mass and moderate magnetization. It is able to explain phenomena manifested in existing numerical simulations, including the bimodal disk behavior under parallel and anti-parallel alignment between the rotation and magnetic field. In the parallel configuration, the disk size decreases and eventually disappears. In the anti-parallel configuration, and the disk has an outer partition (or pseudo-disk) that is flat, shrinking , and short-lived, as well as a inner partition that grows slowly with mass and is long-lived. Even with significant initial magnetization, the vertical field in the disk can only dominate at the early stage when the mass is low, and the toroidal field eventually dominates in all disks.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Relativistic gravitational deflection of light and its impact on the modeling accuracy for the Space Interferometry Mission
Creators: name: Turyshev, Slava G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of relativistic gravitational deflection of light on the accuracy of future Space Interferometry Mission (SIM). We estimate the deflection angles caused by the monopole, quadrupole and octupole components of gravitational fields for a number of celestial bodies in the solar system. We observe that, in many cases, the magnitude of the corresponding effects is significantly larger than the 1 uas accuracy expected from SIM. This fact argues for the development of a relativistic observational model for the mission that would account for the influence of both static and time-varying effects of gravity on light propagation. Results presented here are different from the ones obtained elsewhere by the fact that we specifically account for the differential nature of the future SIM astrometric measurements. We also obtain an estimate for the accuracy of possible determination of the Eddington's parameter γvia SIM global astrometric campaign; we conclude that accuracy of ~7 x 10^{-6} is achievable via measurements of deflection of light by solar gravity.
description: revtex4, 20 pages, 9 figures, 13 tables
A survey of syphilis
Creators: name: Dodds, Dorothy J.
Publisher: name: University of Oregon
Year: 1932
Subjects: Syphilis
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Treponema pallidum

description: The history of syphilis is unique among the records of great diseases. For unlike most diseases, it does not gradually emerge into the historical records of medicine as its characters become recognized. That appears on the stages of history, with the dramatic suddenness in keeping with the tragic reputation it has made as a great plague, sweeping within a few years over the human world.
Properties of QBist State Spaces
Creators: name: Appleby, D. M.
name: Ericsson, Asa
name: Fuchs, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every quantum state can be represented as a probability distribution over the outcomes of an informationally complete measurement. But not all probability distributions correspond to quantum states. Quantum state space may thus be thought of as a restricted subset of all potentially available probabilities. A recent publication [1] advocates such a representation using symmetric informationally complete (SIC) measurements. Building upon this work we study how this subset--quantum-state space--might be characterized. Our leading characteristic is that the inner products of the probabilities are bounded, a simple condition with nontrivial consequences. To get quantum-state space something more detailed about the extreme points is needed. No definitive characterization is reached, but we see several new interesting features over those in [1], and all in conformity with quantum theory.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, a few additions in v2 on QBism ideas
Antiferro- and Meta-magnetism in the S=7/2 Hollandite Analog EuGa2Sb2
Creators: name: Berry, Tanya
name: Parkin, Sean R.
name: McQueen, Tyrel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work analyzing the impact of non-symmorphic symmetries on electronic states has given rise to the discovery of multiple types of topological matter. Here we report the single-crystal synthesis and magnetic properties of EuGa2Sb2, an Eu-based antiferromagnet structurally consisting of pseudo-1D chains of Eu ions related by a non-symmorphic glide plane. We find the onset of antiferromagnetic order at TN = 8 K. Above TN the magnetic susceptibility is isotropic. Curie-Weiss analysis suggests competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions, with peff = 8.1 muB as expected for 4f7 J = S = 7/2 Eu^2+ ions. Below TN and at low applied magnetic fields, an anisotropy develops linearly, reaching chi perpendicular over chi parallel =6 at T = 2 K. There is concomitant metamagnetic behavior along with chi parallel, with a magnetic field of mu0 H=0.5 T sufficient to suppress the anisotropy. Independent of crystal orientation, there is a continuous evolution to a field polarized paramagnetic state with M=7 muB/Eu^2+ cation at mu0 H=2 T as T approaches 0 K. Specific heat measurements show a recovered magnetic entropy of dSmag=16.4 J/mol.K from T near 0 K to T = TN, close to the expected value of Rln(8) for an S = 7/2 ion, indicating negligible low dimensional spin fluctuations above TN. We find no evidence of unusual behaviors arising either from the dimensionality or the presence of the non-symmorphic symmetries.
Star formation histories from multi-band photometry: A new approach
Creators: name: Dye, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of determining galaxy star-formation histories (SFHs) is presented. Using the method, the feasibility of recovering SFHs with multi-band photometry is investigated. The method divides a galaxy's history into discrete time intervals and reconstructs the average rate of star formation in each interval. This directly gives the total stellar mass. A simple linear inversion solves the problem of finding the most likely discretised SFH for a given set of galaxy parameters. It is shown how formulating the method within a Bayesian framework lets the data simultaneously select the optimal regularisation strength and the most appropriate number of discrete time intervals for the reconstructed SFH. The method is demonstrated by applying it to mono-metallic synthetic photometric catalogues created with different input SFHs, assessing how the accuracy of the recovered SFHs and stellar masses depend on the photometric passband set, signal-to-noise and redshift. The results show that reconstruction of SFHs using multi-band photometry is possible, being able to distinguish an early burst of star formation from a late one, provided an appropriate passband set is used. Although the resolution of the recovered SFHs is on average inferior compared to what can be achieved with spectroscopic data, the multi-band approach can process a significantly larger number of galaxies per unit exposure time.
description: MNRAS accepted. 14 pages, 11 figures
A study of behavior problems in pediatric hospitals
Creators: name: Dickson, Mary C.
Publisher: name: University of Oregon
Year: 1939
Subjects: Child
Hospitals, Pediatric
Problem Behavior
Behavior

description: All children encounter problems, even the most normal varieties found in ideal home environments. For each one is faced with individual adjustments to life as he finds it. Groups of children coming from all types of environments and illustrating all types of adjustment are especially noticeable in three institutions for children, the school, the foster home, and the pediatric hospital. In school, we find the most normal adjustments. In the foster home, mostly abnormal adjustments, and in the pediatric hospital, a mixture of both normal and abnormal plus the all-important health problems. It is the behavior of children in the third and most complicated group, the pediatric hospital, which I will consider in this paper.
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: October 2018 Pennsylvania 10 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); Pennsylvania Congressional District 10 (1); democratic candidate George Scott (1); republican candidate Scott Perry (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); opinion of various public figures (2); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); political partisanship (1).
Holographic bottomonium formation in a cooling strong-interaction medium at finite baryon density
Creators: name: Zöllner, Rico
name: Kämpfer, Burkhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shrinking of the bottomonium spectral function towards narrow quasi-particle states in a cooling strong-interaction medium at finite baryon density is followed within a holographic bottom-up model. The 5-dimensional Einstein-dilaton-Maxwell background is adjusted to lattice-QCD results of sound velocity and susceptibilities. The zero-temperature bottomonium spectral function is adjusted to experimental $Υ$ ground-state mass and first radial excitations. At baryo-chemical potential $μ_B = 0$, these two pillars let emerge the narrow quasi-particle state of the $Υ$ ground state at a temperature of about 150 MeV. Excited states are consecutively formed at lower temperatures by about 10 (20) MeV for the $2S$ ($3S$) vector states. The baryon density, i.e. $μ_B > 0$, pulls that formation pattern to lower temperatures. At $μ_B =$ 200 MeV, we find a shift by about 15 MeV.
Planktivorous feeding and habitat utilization of sympatric and experimentally segregated populations of coastal cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki clarki) and Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma)
Creators: name: Hume, Jeremy M. B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Sympatric populations of Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and cutthroat (Salmo clarki clarki) are spatially and food segregated in Loon Lake, British Columbia. Dolly Varden are found mainly in the lower water column, while cutthroat are found in the middle and upper water column. Zooplankton, the only major prey type found in both diets, appear more important to the cutthroat. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this segregation was due to behavioural interactive processes or genetically based selective processes. This was investigated by the segregation and transferral of the members of the two populations to separate fishless lakes. In addition, field studies examined selective feeding on zooplankton and laboratory studies compared the feeding behaviour and abilities of Dolly Varden and cutthroat on three different types of zooplankton. Little change occurred during the two year sampling period in either the diet or the vertical distribution of the two species, an indication that the fish were not interactively segregated. However, the physical and biological characteristics of the lakes may have reinforced, at least initially, previous behaviour patterns. As a result, more time may be required to properly assess the final results. Laboratory results indicate that primarily Chaoborous larvae and secondarily Daphnia pulex were the preferred prey types to both fish predators, mainly because of their poor escape response when compared to that of Diaptomus kenai. The abundance of these prey types in the diet of lake-caught fish was generally in accordance with the laboratory preferences. These results also demonstrated that cutthroat were more efficient planktivores than were Dolly Varden.
Axion Cosmology Revisited
Creators: name: Wantz, Olivier
name: Shellard, E. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The misalignment mechanism for axion production depends on the temperature-dependent axion mass. The latter has recently been determined within the interacting instanton liquid model (IILM), and provides for the first time a well-motivated axion mass for all temperatures. We reexamine the constraints placed on the axion parameter space in the light of this new mass function. We find an accurate and updated constraint $ f_a \le 2.8(\pm2)\times 10^{11}\units{GeV}$ or $m_a \ge 21(\pm2) \units{μeV}$ from the misalignment mechanism in the classic axion window (thermal scenario). However, this is superseded by axion string radiation which leads to $ f_a \lesssim 3.2^{+4}_{-2} \times 10^{10} \units{GeV}$ or $m_a \gtrsim 0.20 ^{+0.2}_{-0.1} \units{meV}$. In this analysis, we take care to precisely compute the effective degrees of freedom and, to fill a gap in the literature, we present accurate fitting formulas. We solve the evolution equations exactly, and find that analytic results used to date generally underestimate the full numerical solution by a factor 2-3. In the inflationary scenario, axions induce isocurvature fluctuations and constrain the allowed inflationary scale $H_I$. Taking anharmonic effects into account, we show that these bounds are actually weaker than previously computed. Considering the fine-tuning issue of the misalignment angle in the whole of the anthropic window, we derive new bounds which open up the inflationary window near $θ_a \to π$. In particular, we find that inflationary dark matter axions can have masses as high as 0.01--1$\units{meV}$, covering the whole thermal axion range, with values of $H_I$ up to $10^9$GeV. Quantum fluctuations during inflation exclude dominant dark matter axions with masses above $m_a\lesssim 1$meV.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures, version as accepted by Phys.Rev.D
A kinetic approach to cosmic ray induced streaming instability at supernova shocks
Creators: name: Amato, Elena
name: Blasi, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a purely kinetic approach to the excitation of waves by cosmic rays in the vicinity of a shock front leads to predict the appearance of a non-alfvénic fastly growing mode which has the same dispersion relation as that previously found by \cite{bell04} by treating the plasma in the MHD approximation. The kinetic approach allows us to investigate the dependence of the dispersion relation of these waves on the microphysics of the current which compensates the cosmic ray flow. We also show that a resonant and a non-resonant mode may appear at the same time and one of the two may become dominant on the other depending on the conditions in the acceleration region. We discuss the role of the unstable modes for magnetic field amplification and particle acceleration in supernova remnants at different stages of the remnant evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of A large deletion conferring pale green leaves of maize
Creators: name: Yao, Guoqi
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Leng, Bingying
name: Cao, Bing
name: Shan, Juan
name: Yan, Zhenwei
name: Guan, Haiying
name: Cheng, Wen
name: Liu, Xia
name: Mu, Chunhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.