cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radiation equations for black holes
Creators: name: Vilkovisky, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown in the previous paper that the metric in the semiclassical region of the collapse spacetime is expressed purely kinematically through the Bondi charges. Here the Bondi charges are expressed through this metric by calculating the vacuum radiation against its background. The result is closed equations for the metric and the Bondi charges. Notably, there is a nonvanishing flux of the vacuum-induced matter charge.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. Latex 2.09. Figure PNG
Sur la systole de la sphère au voisinage de la métrique standard
Creators: name: Balacheff, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B20, 37C27

description: We study the systolic area (defined as the ratio of the area over the square of the systole) of the 2-sphere endowed with a smooth riemannian metric as a function of this metric. This function, bounded from below by a positive constant over the space of metrics, have the standard metric $g\_0$ for critic point, although this one do not achieve the conjectured global minimum : we show that for each tangent direction to the space of metrics at $g\_0$, there exists a variation by metrics corresponding to this direction along which the systolic area can only increase
description: 12 pages
Reading Motivation and Achievement in 5th Grade Students
Creators: name: Somerville, Rainna L.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of reading incentive programs in a 5th grade
classroom on reading and reading achievement. It was hypothesized that students in a 5th grade
Language Arts class who were given an opportunity to participate in a reading incentive
program would not show improvement in reading comprehension and reading motivation when
compared to a control group that received no reading incentive program. The study used a
quasiexperimental design and took place over a three-month time period. A pretest/posttest
model was used to determine the effectiveness of the reading incentive/motivation program. The
findings from this study indicated no statistically significant results, and therefore the null
hypothesis that there would be no difference in AR points or STARS instructional placement
level was retained.
Towards precision measurements of accreting black holes using X-ray reflection spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Brenneman, Laura W.
name: Dauser, Thomas
name: Garcia, Javier A.
name: Grinberg, Victoria
name: Ingram, Adam
name: Jiang, Jiachen
name: Liu, Honghui
name: Lohfink, Anne M.
name: Marinucci, Andrea
name: Mastroserio, Guglielmo
name: Middei, Riccardo
name: Nampalliwar, Sourabh
name: Niedzwiecki, Andrzej
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Tripathi, Ashutosh
name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic reflection features are commonly observed in the X-ray spectra of accreting black holes. In the presence of high quality data and with the correct astrophysical model, X-ray reflection spectroscopy can be quite a powerful tool to probe the strong gravity region, study the morphology of the accreting matter, measure black hole spins, and possibly test Einstein's theory of general relativity in the strong field regime. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in the development of the analysis of these features, thanks to more sophisticated astrophysical models and new observational facilities. Here we review the state-of-the-art in relativistic reflection modeling, listing assumptions and simplifications that may affect, at some level, the final measurements and may be investigated better in the future. We review black hole spin measurements and the most recent efforts to use X-ray reflection spectroscopy for testing fundamental physics.
description: 64 pages, 23 figures. Prepared within the ISSI International Team project "Can We Use X-Ray Reflection Spectroscopy For Precision Measurements Of Accreting Black Holes?". v3: refereed version
$X(1835)$ and $η(1760)$ observed by the BES Collaboration
Creators: name: Li, De-Min
name: Ma, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the assumption that the $X(1835)$ and $η(1760)$ recently observed by the BES Collaboration are the $3\,^1S_0$ meson states, the strong decays of these two states are investigated in the $^3P_0$ decay model. We find that the predicted total widths of the $X(1835)$ and $η(1760)$ can be reasonably reproduced with the $X(18350)-η(1760)$ mixing angle lying on the range from $-0.26$ to $+0.55$ radians. Further, the mixing angle of the $X(1835)$ and $η(1760)$ is phenomenologically determined to be about $-0.24$ radians in the presence of the $π(1800)$, $K(1830)$, $η(1760)$ and $X(1835)$ belonging to the $3\,^1S_0$ meson nonet. Our estimated mixing angle can naturally account for the widths of the $X(1835)$ and $η(1760)$, which shows that the assignment of the $X(1835)$ and $η(1760)$, together the $π(1800)$ and $K(1830)$ as the $3\,^1S_0$ $q\bar{q}$ members seems reasonable.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in Physical Review D
Student and Staff Perceptions of School-Based Support Services in Mid-Atlantic Comprehensive High Schools
Creators: name: Jordan, Christina
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: The purpose of this study was to gain more information about the perceptions of high school
students and staff regarding support services offered in the school. This study was descriptive in
nature and used questions from a self-report, web-based survey to gain insight into participants’
perceptions. There were differences both between the student and staff groups and within the
staff group of participants. It would be beneficial to continue to study student and staff
perceptions concerning the support services available at their schools in order to maximize the
use of these resources.
THE U.S. FOOD DEMAND FOR WHEAT BY CLASS
Creators: name: Chai, Ju Chun
name: Chai, Ju Chun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study investigates the nature of demand peculiar to each class and quantify the economic and physical interrelationships existing among the five major classes of wheat produced in the United States.
[Northern Sierra Miwok vocabulary]
Creators: name: Broadbent, Sylvia M.
name: Miller, Mrs.  Henry
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: nsq
subject: Northern Sierra Miwok language

description: Seventeenth of 17 Miwok notebooks. Vocabulary. Front cover labeled "Miwok-X-3 Miller".
UNCERTAINTY AND IRREVERSIBILITY IN GROUNDWATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Optimal exploitation of renewable groundwater resources when extraction affects the probability of occurrence of an irreversible event is studied. The term irreversible signifies that the event occurrence renders the resource obsolete. It is found that uncertainty concerning the event occurrence has a profound effect. Under certainty - when the stock level below which the event occurs is known in advance - the optimal state process converges to a unique equilibrium state. Under uncertainty, when the event occurrence level is unknown, we identify equilibrium intervals and show that optimal processes initiated elsewhere converge to a boundary of one of these intervals. Inside an equilibrium interval, the expected loss due to the event occurrence is so high that it does not pay to extract in excess of recharge, even though under certainty doing so would be beneficial. These properties are illuminated by means of an example for which analytic solutions are derived.
Microscopic accident prediction models for signalized intersections
Creators: name: Quintero Toscano, Mario Alberto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The main objective of this thesis is to develop microscopic accident prediction models for estimating the safety potential of 4-leg signalised intersections in the City of Vancouver, B.C. and describes the applications of these models in traffic safety analysis. The aim, therefore, is to examine the traffic variables that appear to underlie the occurrence of accidents of these intersections and explain, in a statistical sense, the generation of accidents as a function of these variables. Generalised linear regression was employed to develop the models because of its superiority over conventional linear regression in modelling accident occurrence. The statistical software package GLIM4 was used to accomplish this task. The study made use of a sample of 8466 accidents that occurred at 170 4-leg signalised intersections during the years of 1994-1996. The data on accident frequencies and traffic volumes were obtained from the City of Vancouver. Several models that have different applications in the field of traffic safety were developed in this study for the 4-leg signalised intersections of the City of Vancouver. Different error structures that can be utilised to model the relationship between accidents and traffic flows are reviewed. Microscopic models for different accident types were developed in conjunction with macroscopic models for Total, Severe and Property Damage Only accidents. The microscopic models are presented in conjunction with the three macroscopic models which all resulted in statistical significance. Several model applications are discussed. Examples of how to obtain location-specific safety estimates, how to identify accident prone locations, how to rank the accident prone locations, and how to conduct a before and after safety evaluation are presented. Microscopic and macroscopic models are used simultaneously to determine which intersections should be regarded as accident prone locations according to specific accident patterns that can be effectively treated by engineering countermeasures.
Test of Einstein Equivalence Principle by frequency comparisons of optical clocks
Creators: name: Qin, ChengGang
name: Tan, YuJie
name: Shao, ChengGang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein Equivalence Principle (EEP) carries a pivotal role in understanding theory of gravity and spacetime. It guarantees the gravity to be understood as geometric phenomenon. Considering gravitational coupling of matter in the standard model extension, we propose a novel scheme using frequency measurements to limit the equivalence principle violations in normal matter. The proposal consists of the comparison of high-precision clocks, comoving with the freely falling frame. The experimental comparison of identical kind of clocks on Earth surface can be used to carry out the proposed test, which allows performing simultaneous tests of weak equivalence principle and gravitational redshift. From the existing experiments of Sr optical clocks, we present a simultaneous determination of Earth-dependent parameter $β_{\text{E}}$ and clock-dependent parameter $ξ_{\text{Sr}}$ at the level of $10^{-5}$, and in combination with the gravitational redshift experiments and lunar laser ranging, we also obtain a limit on standard model extension coefficients for Lorentz violation. This work provides another important fundamental physics application for the continuous-improvement accuracy of atomic or optical clocks.
description: 11 pages, 5 figure, 3 tables
Cyrtorizoceras hariense Kröger, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Oncoceratidae
Cyrtorizoceras
Cyrtorizoceras hariense

description: Cyrtorizoceras hariense sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 08D1598D-B9FB-4C73-B47A-C2C7371DE0A7
Fig. 32E–F
Diagnosis
Large Cyrtorizoceras with nearly circular conch cross section, reaching a mature size of more than 60 mm; phragmocone expands at an angle of 18°–20°; conch only weakly curved; conch surface nearly smooth.
Etymology
Refers to Hari Strait, which is the sea strait west of Saxby shore, the type locality.
Type material
Holotype
ESTONIA • Vormsi Island, Saxby shore (N); Kõrgessaare Formation, Vormsi Regional Stage; GIT 878- 71.
Description
The holotype is a curved fragment of a phragmocone and a nearly complete body chamber. The conch surface is nearly smooth, ornamented with relatively coarse growth lines near the aperture. At the base of the body chamber, the conch cross section is circular or nearly so with a height of 48 mm. At the peristome, the width is 62 mm. The body chamber is 55 mm long, with a slightly curved growth axis, and in lateral view its dorsal and ventral margins have a concave and a convex curvature, respectively. The diameter of the body chamber increases continuously from its base toward the peristome. The phragmocone is 45 mm long and increases in diameter from 34 mm to 48 mm (angle of expansion = 18°). The sutures are directly transverse and 6 mm apart where the conch height is 45 mm (RCL = 0.13). The siphuncle is marginal or nearly so and expands into the chambers with a diameter of ca 5 mm where the chamber length is ca 6 mm (SCR = 0.83).
Remarks
This species of Cyrtorizoceras is unique in having large mature size in combination with a nearly circular conch cross section.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on pages 84-85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Factorizations and Physical Representations
Creators: name: Revzen, M.
name: Khanna, F. C.
name: Mann, A.
name: Zak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Hilbert space in M dimensions is shown explicitly to accommodate representations that reflect the prime numbers decomposition of M. Representations that exhibit the factorization of M into two relatively prime numbers: the kq representation (J. Zak, Phys. Today, {\bf 23} (2), 51 (1970)), and related representations termed $q_{1}q_{2}$ representations (together with their conjugates) are analysed, as well as a representation that exhibits the complete factorization of M. In this latter representation each quantum number varies in a subspace that is associated with one of the prime numbers that make up M.
Towards Efficient Scene Understanding via Squeeze Reasoning
Creators: name: Li, Xiangtai
name: Li, Xia
name: You, Ansheng
name: Zhang, Li
name: Cheng, Guangliang
name: Yang, Kuiyuan
name: Tong, Yunhai
name: Lin, Zhouchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph-based convolutional model such as non-local block has shown to be effective for strengthening the context modeling ability in convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, its pixel-wise computational overhead is prohibitive which renders it unsuitable for high resolution imagery. In this paper, we explore the efficiency of context graph reasoning and propose a novel framework called Squeeze Reasoning. Instead of propagating information on the spatial map, we first learn to squeeze the input feature into a channel-wise global vector and perform reasoning within the single vector where the computation cost can be significantly reduced. Specifically, we build the node graph in the vector where each node represents an abstract semantic concept. The refined feature within the same semantic category results to be consistent, which is thus beneficial for downstream tasks. We show that our approach can be modularized as an end-to-end trained block and can be easily plugged into existing networks. {Despite its simplicity and being lightweight, the proposed strategy allows us to establish the considerable results on different semantic segmentation datasets and shows significant improvements with respect to strong baselines on various other scene understanding tasks including object detection, instance segmentation and panoptic segmentation.} Code is available at \url{https://github.com/lxtGH/SFSegNets}.
description: Accepted by IEEE-TIP
Dilatonic states near holographic phase transitions
Creators: name: Elander, Daniel
name: Piai, Maurizio
name: Roughley, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of bound states of special strongly coupled confining field theories might include a parametrically light dilaton, associated with the formation of enhanced condensates that break (approximate) scale invariance spontaneously. It has been suggested in the literature that such a state may arise in connection with the theory being close to the unitarity bound in holographic models. We extend these ideas to cases where the background geometry is non-AdS, and the gravity description of the dual confining field theory has a top-down origin in supergravity. We exemplify this programme by studying the circle compactification of Romans six-dimensional half-maximal supergravity. We uncover a rich space of solutions, many of which were previously unknown in the literature. We compute the bosonic spectrum of excitations, and identify a tachyonic instability in a region of parameter space for a class of regular background solutions. A tachyon only exists along an energetically disfavoured (unphysical) branch of solutions of the gravity theory; we find evidence of a first-order phase transition that separates this region of parameter space from the physical one. Along the physical branch of regular solutions, one of the lightest scalar particles is approximately a dilaton, and it is associated with a condensate in the underlying theory. Yet, because of the location of the phase transition, its mass is not parametrically small, and it is, coincidentally, the next-to-lightest scalar bound state, rather than the lightest one.
description: Version accepted for publication
AGRICULTURE: ESSENTIAL TO MINNESOTA'S ECONOMY AND ITS REGIONS AND COMMUNITIES
Creators: name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Del Ninno, Carlo
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Del Ninno, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This report presents local data and related discussion on the economic importance of agriculture and agriculture-related industries in Minnesota. Statistical findings show the contribution of agriculture to Minnesota's economic base and to changes in employment, income, and population in the state and its substate regions and counties.
Regulación Suramericana sobre Ruido - Fuentes fijas
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Giancarlo
name: Marin-Restrepo, Laura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120101 Architectural Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: 120104 Architectural Science and Technology (incl. Acoustics, Lighting, Structure and Ecologically Sustainable Design)

description: Recopilación de los niveles máximos de ruido permisibles según el uso del suelo y considerando fuentes fijas. Según las regulaciones en países de Suramérica: Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Chile, Uruguay, Brasil, Bolivia, Argentina, Venezuela
Formation of Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen Peroxide in Electron Irradiated Crystalline Water Ice
Creators: name: Zheng, Weijun
name: Jewitt, David
name: Kaiser, Ralf I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water ice is abundant both astrophysically, for example in molecular clouds, and in planetary systems. The Kuiper belt objects, many satellites of the outer solar system, the nuclei of comets and some planetary rings are all known to be water-rich. Processing of water ice by energetic particles and ultraviolet photons plays an important role in astrochemistry. To explore the detailed nature of this processing, we have conducted a systematic laboratory study of the irradiation of crystalline water ice in an ultrahigh vacuum setup by energetic electrons holding a linear energy transfer of 4.3 +/- 0.1 keV mm-1. The irradiated samples were monitored during the experiment both on line and in situ via mass spectrometry (gas phase) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (solid state). We observed the production of hydrogen and oxygen, both molecular and atomic, and of hydrogen peroxide. The likely reaction mechanisms responsible for these species are discussed. Additional formation routes were derived from the sublimation profiles of molecular hydrogen (90-140 K), molecular oxygen (147 -151 K) and hydrogen peroxide (170 K). We also present evidence on the involvement of hydroxyl radicals and possibly oxygen atoms as building blocks to yield hydrogen peroxide at low temperatures (12 K) and via a diffusion-controlled mechanism in the warming up phase of the irradiated sample.
description: ApJ, March 2006, v639 issue, 43 pages, 7 figures
Few exact results on gauge symmetry factorizability on intervals
Creators: name: Tran, Ngoc-Khanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gauge symmetry factorizability by boundary conditions on intervals of any dimensions. With Dirichlet-Neumann BCs, the Kaluza-Klein decomposition in five-dimension for arbitrary gauge group can always be factorized into that for separate subsets of at most two gauge symmetries, and so is completely solvable. Accordingly, we formulate a limit theorem on gauge symmetry factorizability on intervals to recapitulate this remarkable feature of five-dimension case. In higher-dimensional space-time, an interesting chained mixing of gauge symmetries by Dirichlet-Neumann BCs is explicitly constructed. The systematic decomposition picture obtained in this work constitutes the initial step towards determining the general symmetry breaking scheme by boundary conditions.
description: 34 pages, V3 considerable extension: gauge symmetry factorizability in arbitrary dimensions presented, statements on symmetry breakings softened. Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Henri van Regemorter
Environmentally improved coherent light harvesting
Creators: name: Tomasi, Stefano
name: Rouse, Dominic M.
name: Gauger, Erik M.
name: Lovett, Brendon W.
name: Kassal, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherence-enhanced light harvesting has not been directly observed experimentally, despite theoretical evidence that coherence can significantly enhance light-harvesting performance. The main experimental obstacle has been the difficulty in isolating the effect of coherence in the presence of confounding variables. Recent proposals for externally controlling coherence by manipulating the light's degree of polarization showed that coherent efficiency enhancements would be possible, but were restricted to light-harvesting systems weakly coupled to their environment. Here, we show that increases in system-bath coupling strength can amplify coherent efficiency enhancements, rather than suppress them. This result dramatically broadens the range of systems that could be used to conclusively demonstrate coherence-enhanced light harvesting or to engineer coherent effects into artificial light-harvesting devices.
The distribution of ejected brown dwarfs in clusters
Creators: name: Goodwin, Simon
name: Hubber, David
name: Moraux, Estelle
name: Whitworth, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the spatial distribution of brown dwarfs produced by the decay of small-N stellar systems as expected from the embryo ejection scenario. We model a cluster of several hundred stars grouped into 'cores' of a few stars/brown dwarfs. These cores decay, preferentially ejecting their lowest-mass members. Brown dwarfs are found to have a wider spatial distribution than stars, however once the effects of limited survey areas and unresolved binaries are taken into account it can be difficult to distinguish between clusters with many or no ejections. A large difference between the distributions probably indicates that ejections have occurred, however similar distributions sometimes arise even with ejections. Thus the spatial distribution of brown dwarfs is not necessarily a good discriminator between ejection and non-ejection scenarios.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Includes an.sty file
MPEC 2024-T231 : 2015 TN145
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Edge states in quantum spin chains: the interplay among interaction, gradient magnetic field and Floquet engineering
Creators: name: Liu, Wenjie
name: Zhu, Bo
name: Zhang, Li
name: Ke, Yongguan
name: Lee, Chaohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the edge defects induced by spin-spin interaction in a finite paradigmatic Heisenberg spin chain. By introducing a gradient magnetic field and a periodically-modulated spin-exchange strength, the resonance between modulation frequency and magnetic field gradient can also induce asymmetric defects at the edges, dubbed as Floquet-Wannier-Zeeman edge defects. The interplay between these two types of edge defects allows us to manipulate the magnon edge states from an isolated band into a continuum one. In the high-frequency regime, we analytically derive effective models to interpret the formation mechanisms for edge states by employing the multiscale perturbation analysis. Our study offers new insights to understand and control the magnon edge states governed by the interplay between edge defects induced by the spin-spin interaction and the Floquet-Wannier-Zeeman manipulation.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Regulación Suramericana sobre Ruido - Fuentes fijas
Creators: name: Marin-Restrepo, Laura
name: Gutiérrez, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 120101 Architectural Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: 120104 Architectural Science and Technology (incl. Acoustics, Lighting, Structure and Ecologically Sustainable Design)

description: Recopilación de los niveles máximos de ruido permisibles según el uso del suelo y considerando fuentes fijas. Según las regulaciones en países de Suramérica: Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Chile, Uruguay, Brasil, Bolivia, Argentina, Venezuela
INTEGRATED MODEL TO PREDICT EUROPEAN LAND USE: CLIMATE CHANGE AND LAND USE IN THE VENICE LAGOON WATERSHED
Creators: name: Giupponi, Carlo
name: Rosato, Paolo
name: Rounsevell, Mark
name: Giupponi, Carlo
name: Rosato, Paolo
name: Rounsevell, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: IMPEL (Integrated Model to Predict European Land use) is a research project financed by the European Commission, within the Fourth RTD Framework Programme. The IMPEL project aims to integrate physical and socio-economic models to evaluate the impact of climate change on European land use systems at the regional scale. IMPEL is spatially-distributed, based on a multidisciplinary, modular approach, and comprises: a) a climate module (Euroscen) to down-scale baseline climate data (gridded to 0.5° Lat/Long) and GCM climate change scenario datasets, using a stochastic weather generator; b) a soil and crop module (EuroAccess) to evaluate the soil water balance and crop yields for a wide range of European crops at the scale of soil map units (Evans et al., submitted); two versions of the model are available at increasing level of complexity and data requirement: EuroAccess I and II; c) a land degradation module (ImpelEro) to evaluate the impact of soil erosion and changes in soil quality on crop productivity at the scale of soil map units (de la Rosa et al., submitted); d) a socio-economic module (Sfarmod) to evaluate optimal land use allocation and management requirements at the scale of individual (generic) farms. The Italian group of the Impel Project has two main tasks: a) to contribute to the development of the socio-economic module, in particular as concerns the modelling of risk perception by farmers in farm management; b) the experimental application of the integrated model being developed by the research project to the territory of the Venice Lagoon Watershed (VLW). For this purpose a general framework of the activities has been drawn up, as shown in figure 1. This paper presents a brief report on simulations, carried out at a farm level, of climate-change scenarios as proposed by the IMPEL project. Simulations were carried out by integrating EuroAccess software with simulation farm models. The tests were done with linear and non-linear programming farm model.
Backreaction of the Hawking radiation
Creators: name: Vilkovisky, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes create a vacuum matter charge to protect themselves from the quantum evaporation. A spherically symmetric black hole having initially no matter charges radiates away about 10% of the initial mass and comes to a state in which the vacuum-induced charge equals the remaining mass.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Latex 2.09. Figure PNG
Mosiek, Ulrich, Kirchliches Eherecht unter Berücksichtigung der nachkonziliaren Rechtslage
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Hanns
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 1 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 1
THE ANTITRUST POLICY IN ITALY: LEARNING FROM SOME FOOD CASES
Creators: name: Canali, Gabriele
name: Boccaletti, Stefano
name: Canali, Gabriele
name: Boccaletti, Stefano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: After a short presentation of EU and Italian antitrust legislation, this paper examines two recent cases of intervention by the Italian Antitrust Authority (IAA) in the agricultural sector, both dealing with high quality food products requiring a long aging process: two similar kinds of cheese in the first case, 'Parmigiano-Reggiano' and 'Grana Padano', and two hams in the second one, 'Prosciutto di Parma' and 'Prosciutto di S. Daniele'. Recently, all these products have obtained the 'Protected Designation of Origin' according to EU Regulation n. 2081/1992. In both cases, the IAA argued that the existing agreements aimed at programming total supply for each product by means of quotas applied to each individual producer were illegal as well as other collusive behaviors such as price fixing for buying price of fresh meat. The paper also analyzes the key characteristics of these very specific food chains in order to better understand these markets and to discuss both decisions. It is argued that the IAA has taken its decisions more on a 'per se' approach, which in these cases seems to be inappropriate. A more detailed economic analysis, together with the adoption of a 'rule of reason' approach would have suggested different and to some extent opposite decisions. Moreover, the analysis shows that the actual functioning of these markets is not able to stimulate economic agents of these food chains to properly coordinate their production activities in order to reduce or eliminate the cyclical trends of quantity and wholesale prices, which have negative effects both on agricultural and industrial producers and on consumers.
Representations in Density Dependent Hadronic Field Theory and compatibility with QCD sum-rules
Creators: name: Aguirre, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different representations of an effective, covariant theory of the hadronic interaction are examined. For this purpose we have introduced nucleon-meson vertices parametrized in terms of scalar combinations of hadronic fields, extending the conceptual frame of the Density Dependent Hadronic Field Theory. Nuclear matter properties at zero temperature are examined in the Mean Field Approximation, including the equation of state, the Landau parameters, and collective modes. The treatment of isospin channels in terms of QCD sum rules inputs is outlined.
description: 23 pages, 6 PostScript figures, Revtex4 class
Contribution of Secondary Neutrinos from Line-of-sight Cosmic Ray Interactions to the IceCube Diffuse Astrophysical Flux
Creators: name: Kochocki, Alina
name: Takhistov, Volodymyr
name: Kusenko, Alexander
name: Whitehorn, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ten years of observations, the IceCube neutrino observatory has revealed a neutrino sky in tension with previous expectations for neutrino point source emissions. Astrophysical objects associated with hadronic processes might act as production sites for neutrinos, observed as point sources at Earth. Instead, a nearly isotropic flux of astrophysical neutrinos is observed up to PeV energies, prompting a reassessment of the assumed transport and production physics. This work applies a new physical explanation for neutrino production from populations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and starburst galaxies to three years of public IceCube point source data. Specifically, cosmic rays (CRs) produced at such sources might interact with extragalactic background light and gas along the line of sight, generating a secondary neutrino flux. This model is tested alongside a number of typical flux weighting schemes, in all cases the all-sky flux contribution being constrained to percent levels of the reported IceCube diffuse astrophysical flux.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, as accepted to ApJ
COUNTERVAILING POWER AND ANTITRUST POLICY IN THE FOOD SYSTEM
Creators: name: Venturini, Luciano
name: Venturini, Luciano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Recent contributions to the issue of countervailing power have formally demonstrated that imperfectly competitive market structures in retailing have different welfare implications from those hypothesized by Galbraith (1952) according to which increasing concentration in retailing may offer social benefits. Recent works in this area show that greater concentration at the retail level may afford retailers a simultaneous increase in both their buying and selling power. Whilst the former improves their relative bargaining position, the latter allows for increased price-cost margins. This recent literature suggests that retailing concentration may have a negative impact on consumer welfare since the effect of increased price-cost margins is sufficiently greater than the downward pressure on intermediate prices generated by increases in retailers' 'buying power'. As a result, greater concentration at the retail level may lead to higher final prices and lower social welfare. In this paper, we argue that the bargaining models of the manufacturer-retailer relationship used in these works take into account only partially the sources of retailers' bargaining power. In fact, they include only the source associated to the number of retailers. However, as indicated by a massive trade and applied literature, several factors determine the relative bargaining power of manufacturers and retailers. One crucial factor is given by the presence of vertical competition between manufacturers' brands and retailers' private labels. This form of competition represents a further source of bargaining power for retailers which may reinforce the buying power effect and imply conclusions more favorable to the countervailing power hypothesis. To explore this hypothesis, we develop a model which differs from previous ones by focusing on market settings where vertical competition affects the relative bargaining positions and bargaining outcomes. The paper examines the negotiation process between a manufacturer and N retailers on the transfer price as a Nash bargaining game and determines the outcome by the Nash bargaining solution. We assume that vertical competition decreases the profit levels and the disagreement payoff of the manufacturer. We also assume that vertical competition increases the disagreement payoff of retailers while their profits remain unchanged. It is shown that vertical competition increases retailers' bargaining power, reduces equilibrium transfer prices and hence equilibrium retail prices. In particular, our results show that final prices are lower when vertical competition is more intense for any given number of retailers. This means that the higher bargaining power associated to vertical competition plays a positive role for consumers when their interest is measured in terms of retail prices.
BIOMASS ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS: LAND USE IMPACTS FOR FORESTRY AND AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Rose, Dietmar W.
name: Husain, Syed A.
name: Rose, Dietmar W.
name: Husain, Syed A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Wood energy
subject: short-rotation forestry
subject: agricultural tree production
subject: timber supply costs
subject: harvest scheduling

description: Sharply increasing timber prices in Minnesota reflect an imbalance in the ageclass distribution of the cover types that are most important to the forest industry. This paper examines the potential contributions that short-rotation forest crops grown on marginal agricultural lands can make in producing biomass for wood-base power plants and in supplying wood to the forest industry. A large-scale regional scheduling model was used to allocate forest and agricultural lands in order to minimize wood production costs for forest industry as well as power plant uses. Alternative potential sites for a wood-based power plant were examined in terms of wood production costs and of transportation implications. Preliminary recommendations as to the most appropriate agricultural lands and sites for power plants are made. The higher productivity of agricultural lands leads to reduced harvesting of forest lands. The associated indirect environmental benefits and the direct environmental benefits from putting agricultural lands under tree cover are the subject of additional research.
REFORM OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT AND INVESTMENT POLICY IN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Easter, K. William
name: Zekri, Slim
name: Easter, K. William
name: Zekri, Slim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines the reform of water and irrigation management in Africa and compares it with similar reforms in Asia. Several things are evident from the review. First, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is at an earlier stage of irrigation development and reform than Asia. Second, the articulated need for reform is much stronger in Asia than it is in SSA. Third, the productivity of small-scale irrigated farms is significantly lower in SSA compared to Asia. Thus any irrigation investment strategy in SSA should be different from Asia and focus on increasing small-farm productivity as well as small-scale irrigation projects. Finally, all direct government irrigation investments should be done jointly with decisions regarding the type of project management.
Neutrino-Dominated Accretion and Supernovae
Creators: name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that part of the infalling material during the core-collapse of a massive star goes into orbit around the compact core to form a hot, dense, centrifugally-supported accretion disk whose evolution is strongly influenced by neutrino interactions. Under a wide range of conditions, this neutrino-dominated accretion flow will be advection-dominated and will develop a substantial outflowing wind. We estimate the energy carried out in the wind and find that it exceeds $10^{50}$ erg for a wide range of parameters and even exceeds 10^{51} erg for reasonable parameter choices. We propose that the wind energy will revive a stalled shock and will help produce a successful supernova explosion. We discuss the role of the disk wind in both prompt and delayed explosions. While both scenarios are feasible, we suggest that a delayed explosion is more likely, and perhaps even unavoidable. Finally, we suggest that the disk wind may be a natural site for r-process nucleosynthesis.
description: 53 pages, 14 figures, to appear in ApJ
Particles, conformal invariance and criticality in pure and disordered systems
Creators: name: Delfino, Gesualdo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional case occupies a special position in the theory of critical phenomena due to the exact results provided by lattice solutions and, directly in the continuum, by the infinite-dimensional character of the conformal algebra. However, some sectors of the theory, and most notably criticality in systems with quenched disorder and short range interactions, have appeared out of reach of exact methods and lacked the insight coming from analytical solutions. In this article we review recent progress achieved implementing conformal invariance within the particle description of field theory. The formalism yields exact unitarity equations whose solutions classify critical points with a given symmetry. It provides new insight in the case of pure systems, as well as the first exact access to criticality in presence of short range quenched disorder. Analytical mechanisms emerge that in the random case allow the superuniversality of some critical exponents and make explicit the softening of first order transitions by disorder.
description: Invited Colloquium article
Do the observational data favor a local void?
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Ding, Jia-Feng
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Wang, Shao-Jiang
name: Yu, Wang-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing tension between the different local direct measurements of the Hubble expansion rate and that inferred from the Cosmic Microwave Background observation by $Λ$-Cold-Dark-Matter model could be a smoking gun of new physics, if not caused by either observational systematics or local bias. We generalize previous investigation on the local bias from a local void by globally fitting the Pantheon sample over all parameters in the radial profile function of a local void described by an inhomogeneous but isotropic Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi metric with a cosmological constant. Our conclusion strengths the previous studies that the current tension on Hubble constant cannot be saved by a local void alone.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, to match the published version
A formula for Plücker coordinates associated with a planar network
Creators: name: Talaska, Kelli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A48 (Primary); 05A15 (Secondary)

description: For a planar directed graph G, Postnikov's boundary measurement map sends positive weight functions on the edges of G onto the appropriate totally nonnegative Grassmann cell. We establish an explicit formula for Postnikov's map by expressing each Pluecker coordinate as a ratio of two combinatorially defined polynomials in the edge weights, with positive integer coefficients. In the non-planar setting, we show that a similar formula holds for special choices of Pluecker coordinates.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Extensive additions, including a generalization for arbitrarily oriented planar graphs and a formula for some Pluecker coordinates of non-planar perfectly oriented graphs