cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
When details are difficult to portray: enriching vision videos
Creators: name: Nagel, Lukas
name: Schmedes, Melanie
name: Ahrens, Maike
name: Schneider, Kurt
Publisher: name: London : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Eye tracking
subject: Requirements engineering
subject: Video
subject: Vision
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: The creation of a shared understanding of the project vision of all relevant stakeholders is vital to the requirements engineering process. One way to create such a shared understanding is through the use of vision videos that visualize the project vision at an early project stage. However, not all functional aspects can be presented. For example, the fact that an access code is valid for only a single use can be hard to visualize. One low-effort solution could be the insertion of short texts or short audio clips. In this work, our question is twofold: What effects do short pieces of additional information have in vision videos? What are suitable ways to add this information to vision videos? To answer these research questions, we investigated three different methods of inserting additional information to vision videos in an eye tracking study. We inserted short texts either below the scene or as overlays and also investigated the addition of short audio clips. These methods were evaluated in terms of participants’ video comprehension, visual effort, cognitive load and subjective preference. The results of our study show that the pieces of additional information improve vision comprehension, thereby supporting the creation of a shared understanding. All investigated methods lead to only marginal increases of the viewers’ cognitive load. Based on our results, we derive recommendations on how to insert additional information in vision videos.
Neural Smoke Stylization with Color Transfer
Creators: name: Christen, Fabienne
name: Kim, Byungsoo
name: Azevedo, Vinicius C.
name: Solenthaler, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artistically controlling fluid simulations requires a large amount of manual work by an artist. The recently presented transportbased neural style transfer approach simplifies workflows as it transfers the style of arbitrary input images onto 3D smoke simulations. However, the method only modifies the shape of the fluid but omits color information. In this work, we therefore extend the previous approach to obtain a complete pipeline for transferring shape and color information onto 2D and 3D smoke simulations with neural networks. Our results demonstrate that our method successfully transfers colored style features consistently in space and time to smoke data for different input textures.
description: Submitted to Eurographics2020
title: Incidental finding of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor associated with grade three spindle cell sarcoma
Creators: name: Hussain Mir, Muhammad
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 65-year-old male presented with worsening swelling and pain on the left ankle following trauma 6 weeks ago. He reported no weight loss, fever or any altered neurological symptoms. White blood cell count was 7.6 x 109/L, C-reactive P was 8.1 mg/L, and urate 384 mcmol/L.

description: 65 years, male
Coexistence of full-gap superconductivity and pseudogap in two-dimensional fullerides
Creators: name: Ren, Ming-Qiang
name: Han, Sha
name: Wang, Shu-Ze
name: Fan, Jia-Qi
name: Song, Can-Li
name: Ma, Xu-Cun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali-fulleride superconductors with a maximum critical temperature Tc of 40 K exhibit similar electronic phase diagram with unconventional high-Tc superconductors where the superconductivity resides proximate to a magnetic Mott-insulating state. However, distinct from cuprate compounds, which superconduct through two-dimensional (2D) CuO2 planes, alkali fullerides are attributed to the three-dimensional (3D) members of high-Tc family. Here, we employ scanning tunneling microscopy to show that trilayer K3C60 displays fully gapped strong coupling s-wave superconductivity that coexists spatially with a cuprate-like pseudogap state above Tc = 22 K and within vortices. A precise control of electronic correlations and doping reveals that superconductivity occurs near a superconductor-Mott insulator transition and reaches maximum at half-filling. The s-wave symmetry retains over the entire phase diagram, which, in conjunction with an abrupt decline of superconductivity below half-filling, demonstrates that alkali fullerides are predominantly phonon-mediated superconductors, although the multiorbital electronic correlations also come into play.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, supplementary materials
"FARMING" - It's Declining In the U.S.
Creators: name: Smith, Stew
name: Smith, Stew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: For sixty years farm numbers have declined as "larger farms" absorbed "smaller farms." Some people were comforted that most exiting farmers sell to neighbors who continue the farms. But the land resources were used differently. Farms became more specialized as they became larger. Larger amounts of nonfarm inputs were substituted for inputs provided by farmers. Thus, "farming "-the value added by farmers-declined. And recent projections of biotechnology developments suggest that the trend may accelerate. Technology is, in fact, the key force driving the shift of farm activities off of the farms. This relationship suggests that if this country wants to maintain farming , publicly funded research of technologies that enhance farmers' value-added activities must be increased. Else the 8O-year trend line of reduced farming activities will continue.
Single-Mode versus multimode interferometry: a performance study
Creators: name: Tatulli, E.
name: Mege, P.
name: Chelli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare performances of ground-based single-mode and multimode (speckle) interferometers in the presence of partial Adaptive Optics correction of atmospheric turbulence. It is first shown that for compact sources (i.e. sources smaller than the Airy disk of a single telescope) not entirely resolved by the interferometer, the remarkable property of spatial filtering of single-mode waveguides coupled with AO correction significantly reduces the speckle noise which arises from residual wavefront corrugations. Focusing on those sources, and in the light of the AMBER experiment (the near infrared instrument of the VLTI), we show that single-mode interferometry produces a better Signal-to-Noise Ratio on the visibility than speckle interferometry. This is true for bright sources (K < 5), and in any case as soon as Strehl ratio of 0.2 is achieved. Finally, the fiber estimator is much more robust -- by two orders of magnitude -- than the speckle estimator with respect to Strehl ratio variations during the calibration procedure. The present analysis theoretically explains why interferometry with fibers can produce visibility measurements with a very high precision, 1% or less
description: 13 pages (5 pages of appendices), 6 figures to be published in A&A
Ultra long lived quasinormal modes of neutron stars in massive scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Blázquez-Salcedo, Jose Luis
name: Khoo, Fech Scen
name: Kunz, Jutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of frequencies and characteristic times that compose the ringdown phase of gravitational waves emitted by neutron stars carries information about the matter content (the equation of state) and the underlying theory of gravity. Typically, modified theories of gravity introduce additional degrees of freedom/fields, such as scalars, which result in new families of modes composing the ringdown spectrum. Simple but physically promising candidates are scalar-tensor theories, which effectively introduce an additional massive scalar field (i.e. an ultra-light boson) that couples non-minimally to gravity, resulting in scalarized neutron stars. Here we present the first calculation of the full ringdown spectrum in such theories. We show that the ringdown spectrum of neutron stars with ultra-light bosons is much richer and fundamentally different from the spectrum in general relativity and that it possesses propagating ultra long lived modes.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. v2: Generalisation of the results to generic massive scalar-tensor gravity; improvements in the discussion, figures and references; main results unchanged; matches published version
Development of the breeding bird community of a silvoarable agroforestry system with short rotation coppice strips over a 16-year period
Creators: name: Zitzmann, Felix
name: Langhof, Maren
Publisher: name: Dordrecht : Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Alley cropping
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Bioenergy
subject: Hedgerow
subject: Perennial biomass crop
subject: Species richness
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: Modern silvoarable agroforestry systems (AFS) with short rotation coppice strips (CS) are considered as a potential measure to increase structural diversity in agricultural landscapes and to promote biodiversity while simultaneously producing arable crops and woody biomass. However, studies investigating the actual potential of these novel land use systems to promote biodiversity are scarce. We therefore investigated the importance of a silvoarable AFS with different CS variants as habitat for breeding birds on an experimental site in northern Germany, which was studied several times over a 16-year period since its establishment. In addition, the habitat function and quality of CS was compared with hedgerows. The results show that establishing CS on arable land creates additional habitats for shrub and tree breeding species and thus increases species numbers and territory densities. Tree harvest resulted in a decrease in species numbers and densities. However, since Aspen rows (for timber production) or native woody species were retained during harvesting in some CS, suitable nesting opportunities for some species remained. A sharp decline in Skylark territories was observed within the open land of the AFS, from nine breeding pairs in the year after establishment (2009) to only two breeding pairs each in 2022 and 2023. Compared to CS, hedgerows were more species-rich and had much higher territory densities. We conclude that the integration of CS into croplands can promote some species of woody habitats, especially if measures such as the integration of trees of different heights or native woody species and sectional harvesting are implemented. However, CS still clearly lag behind hedgerows in terms of their habitat quality. Furthermore, the establishment of CS may have negative effects on threatened open land species like the Skylark. The requirements of these species should therefore be considered when planning AFS. Establishing AFS with CS could especially be an option in cleared, intensively used agricultural landscapes, where CS could represent a trade-off between the promotion of birds and agricultural production.
MOESM1 of A scoping review of medical education research for residents in radiation oncology
Creators: name: Ching-Hsin Lee
name: Po-Jui Chen
name: Hung-Yi Lai
name: Ching-Yi Lee
name: Kang-Hsing Fan
name: Ngan-Ming Tsang
name: Chang, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 : Table S1. Distribution of the included publications by the categories and years.
Influence of small-scale spatial variability of soil properties on yield formation of winter wheat
Creators: name: Groß, Jonas
name: Gentsch, Norman
name: Boy, Jens
name: Heuermann, Diana
name: Schweneker, Dörte
name: Feuerstein, Ulf
name: Brunner, Johannes
name: Von Wirén, Nicolaus
name: Guggenberger, Georg
name: Bauer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lateral and vertical small-scale variability
subject: Precision farming
subject: Soil organic carbon
subject: Soil texture
subject: Triticum aestivum L
subject: Yield formation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Background: With the increasing development of sophisticated precision farming techniques, high-resolution application maps are frequently discussed as a key factor in increasing yield potential. However, yield potential maps based on multiple soil properties measurements are rarely part of current farming practices. Furthermore, small-scale differences in soil properties have not been taken into account. Methods: To investigate the impact of soil property changes at high resolution on yield, a field trial has been divided into a sampling grid of 42 plots. The soil properties in each plot were determined at three soil depths. Grain yield and yield formation of winter wheat were analyzed at two sites. Results: Multiple regression analyses of soil properties with yield measures showed that the soil contents of organic carbon, silt, and clay in the top and subsoil explained 45–46% of the variability in grain yield. However, an increasing clay content in the topsoil correlated positively with grain yield and tiller density. In contrast, a higher clay content in the subsoil led to a decrease in grain yield. A cluster analysis of soil texture was deployed to evaluate whether the soil´s small-scale differences caused crucial differences in yield formation. Significant differences in soil organic carbon, yield, and yield formation were observed among clusters in each soil depth. Conclusion: These results show that small-scale lateral and vertical differences in soil properties can strongly impact crop yields and should be considered to improve site-specific cropping techniques further.
An Analysis of the Shapes of Interstellar Extinction Curves. VII. Milky Way Spectrophotometric Optical-through-Ultraviolet Extinction and Its R-Dependence
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, Edward L.
name: Massa, Derck
name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Bohlin, Ralph
name: Clayton, Geoffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We produce a set of 72 NIR through UV extinction curves by combining new HST/STIS optical spectrophotometry with existing IUE spectrophotometry (yielding gapless coverage from 1150 to 10000 Angstroms) and NIR photometry. These curves are used to determine a new, internally consistent, NIR through UV Milky Way Mean Curve and to characterize how the shapes of the extinction curves depend on R(V). We emphasize that while this dependence captures much of the curve variability, there remains considerable variation which is independent of R(V). We use the optical spectrophotometry to verify the presence of structure at intermediate wavelength scales in the curves. The fact that the optical through UV portions of the curves are sampled at relatively high resolution makes them very useful for determining how extinction affects different broad band systems, and we provide several examples. Finally, we compare our results to previous investigations.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal
Design Guidelines for Additive Manufactured Particle Dampers: A Review
Creators: name: Ehlers, Tobias
name: Oel, Marcus
name: Tatzko, Sebastian
name: Kleyman, Gleb
name: Niedermeyer, Jens
name: Wallaschek, Jörg
name: Lachmayer, Roland
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing (AM)
subject: Design Guidelines
subject: Functional Integration
subject: Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)
subject: Lightweight Design
subject: Particle Damping
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Recently, additive manufacturing has been used to integrate particle dampers into structural components, particularly by means of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), in order to significantly reduce component vibrations. The advantage over previous damping mechanisms is that these can be functionally integrated directly into the component during the additive manufacturing process by leaving unmelted powder in the component. This allows local damping effects to be adjusted and low-vibration lightweight structures to be developed and manufactured. In addition, the damping properties act over a wide frequency range and are insensitive to temperature. Despite the positive damping properties, the use of laser beam melted particle dampers is limited at the present time, since there are not yet sufficient design tools available due to the numerous non-linear influences. This is where the current contribution comes in, by developing design guidelines for laser beam melted particle dampers. The results were finally summarised in a design catalogue and support a suitable design of laser beam melted particle dampers.
The role of medical devices in influencing in-hospital sustainability: an analysis of expenditure in 2019 vs DRG reimbursement according to major medical specialties in a region of middle Italy
Creators: name: Messori, Andrea
name: Trippoli, Sabrina
name: Marinai, Claudio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Very limited information exists from Italian hospitals about the utilization and expenditure of medical devices. The ratio expenditure/DRG reimbursement (expressed as a percentage) is a useful parameter, particularly when it is separately calculated for each individual Azienda and, within each Azienda, according to the medical discipline. To generate benchmarks in this area, we have made reference to the expenditure incurred for medical devices from January to June 2019 in all hospitals of the Tuscany region. These expenditures divided by medical discipline have been compared with the DRG reimbursements that hospitals receive from our Region for the same disciplines. This benchmark is represented by percent ratio expenditure/reimbursement for each of the eight Aziende and, within each Azienda, according to the medical specialty. These percentages indicate, for each medical discipline, to what extent medical devices typically consume the reimbursement resulting from the DRGs. These benchmarks facilitate the interpretation of values estimated locally. Determinants leading to ‘excessive’ values (e.g. >100%) of this parameter can include an extensive use of costly devices, a high frequency of non-remunerative procedures, the presence of inappropriate treatments, the need to update specific DRGs, deficiencies in coding expenditures and procedures, and so on.
Entanglement Dynamics of Random GUE Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Chernowitz, Daniel
name: Gritsev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider a model of a subsystem interacting with a reservoir and study dynamics of entanglement assuming that the overall time-evolution is governed by non-integrable Hamiltonians. We also compare to an ensemble of Integrable Hamiltonians. To do this, we make use of unitary invariant ensembles of random matrices with either Wigner-Dyson or Poissonian distributions of energy. Using the theory of Weingarten functions, we derive universal average time evolution of the reduced density matrix and the purity and compare these results with several physical Hamiltonians: randomized versions of the transverse field Ising and XXZ models, Spin Glass and, Central Spin and SYK model. The theory excels at describing the latter two. Along the way, we find general expressions for exponential $n$-point correlation functions in the gas of GUE eigenvalues.
description: 48 pages, 36 figures. Submission to SciPost Physics
The Impact of Fringe Growth on Farm Investment Decisions
Creators: name: Brady, Michael P.
name: Forster, D. Lynn
name: Gardner, Nicholas A.
name: Brady, Michael P.
name: Forster, D. Lynn
name: Gardner, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Land Economics/Use

description: The growth of the urban fringe is widespread throughout the United States, and is impacting many parts of the economy. Agriculture is of particular concern since fringe growth involves low-density development, and consumes a great deal of land relative to suburbanization. The impact of fringe growth on farm investment is considered using data collected from a survey of a random sample of Ohio farm producers. Our hypothesis is that farms in counties with fringe growth will exhibit decreased investment associated with the impermanence effect, or the premature idling of farmland due to urbanization pressures.
Additional file 3 of Preparing for responsive management versus preparing for renal dialysis in multimorbid older people with advanced chronic kidney disease (Prepare for Kidney Care): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
Creators: name: Worthington, Jo
name: Soundy, Alexandra
name: Frost, Jessica
name: Rooshenas, Leila
name: MacNeill, Stephanie J.
name: Realpe Rojas, Alba
name: Garfield, Kirsty
name: Liu, Yumeng
name: Alloway, Karen
name: Ben-Shlomo, Yoav
name: Burns, Aine
name: Chilcot, Joseph
name: Darling, Jos
name: Davies, Simon
name: Farrington, Ken
name: Gibson, Andrew
name: Husbands, Samantha
name: Huxtable, Richard
name: McNally, Helen
name: Murphy, Emma
name: Murtagh, Fliss E. M.
name: Rayner, Hugh
name: Rice, Caoimhe T.
name: Roderick, Paul
name: Salisbury, Chris
name: Taylor, Jodi
name: Winton, Helen
name: Donovan, Jenny
name: Coast, Joanna
name: Lane, J Athene
name: Caskey, Fergus J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Attention allocation in complementary joint action: How joint goals affect spatial orienting
Creators: name: Schmitz, Laura
name: Wahn, Basil
name: Krüger, Melanie
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Action observation
subject: Attentional orienting
subject: Complementary actions
subject: Joint action
subject: Joint goals
subject: Perception-action coupling
subject: Social inhibition of return
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie::150 | Psychologie

description: When acting jointly, individuals often attend and respond to the same object or spatial location in complementary ways (e.g., when passing a mug, one person grasps its handle with a precision grip; the other receives it with a whole-hand grip). At the same time, the spatial relation between individuals’ actions affects attentional orienting: one is slower to attend and respond to locations another person previously acted upon than to alternate locations (“social inhibition of return”, social IOR). Achieving joint goals (e.g., passing a mug), however, often requires complementary return responses to a co-actor’s previous location. This raises the question of whether attentional orienting, and hence the social IOR, is affected by the (joint) goal our actions are directed at. The present study addresses this question. Participants responded to cued locations on a computer screen, taking turns with a virtual co-actor. They pursued either an individual goal or performed complementary actions with the co-actor, in pursuit of a joint goal. Four experiments showed that the social IOR was significantly modulated when participant and co-actor pursued a joint goal. This suggests that attentional orienting is affected not only by the spatial but also by the social relation between two agents’ actions. Our findings thus extend research on interpersonal perception-action effects, showing that the way another agent’s perceived action shapes our own depends on whether we share a joint goal with that agent.
Estimating and Forecasting Imputations in U.S. Agriculture’s Valued Added Accounts: The Case of Rent
Creators: name: Covey, Theodore
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
name: Covey, Theodore
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: imputed rental income
subject: net farm income
subject: ROE
subject: ROA.

description: Explicit rental income is a market-determined measure of the income farmers pay for the rental services they receive as tenants living in dwellings owned by others. Imputed rental income measures the income farmers “pay” for the rental services they receive as tenants living in dwellings which the farm operation owns. It is “imputed” in that its value is not directly observable in the marketplace. Including imputed rental income when accounting for the farm sector’s value added increases the value of agricultural sector production and net farm income. The share of the value of agricultural sector production contributed by gross imputed rental value income is inversely related to the size of the farm operation. Both the income returns to farm business assets (ROA) and income returns to farm equity (ROE) are larger when omitting imputed rental income. However, including net imputed rental income stabilizes net farm income over time. Given that imputed rental income is a measure of economic activity rather than returns to farm business investment, the USDA does not include imputed rental income in its calculation of farm sector ROA and ROE.
Gamasholaspis intermedius Evans 1956
Creators: name: Quintero-Gutiérrez, Edwin Javier
name: Halliday, Bruce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parholaspididae
Gamasholaspis
Gamasholaspis intermedius

description: 24. Gamasholaspis intermedius Evans, 1956
 Gamasholaspis intermedius Evans, 1956: 369.
 Gamasholaspis intermedius.— Krantz, 1960: 409; Petrova, 1967a: 40; Petrova, 1967b: 22; Petrova-Nikitina, 1969: 187; Karg, 2006: 146.
 Type locality and habitat: Indonesia, Sumatra, south of Sidekalang, at Parbuluan, forest litter.
 Type depository: BMNH.
description: Published as part of Quintero-Gutiérrez, Edwin Javier & Halliday, Bruce, 2021, Review of the mite family Parholaspididae Evans, 1956 (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 401-459 in Zootaxa 5005 (4) on page 417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5005.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5141926
Enabling Highly-Scalable Remote Memory Access Programming with MPI-3 One Sided
Creators: name: Gerstenberger, Robert
name: Besta, Maciej
name: Hoefler, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.5.1; J.2

description: Modern interconnects offer remote direct memory access (RDMA) features. Yet, most applications rely on explicit message passing for communications albeit their unwanted overheads. The MPI-3.0 standard defines a programming interface for exploiting RDMA networks directly, however, it's scalability and practicability has to be demonstrated in practice. In this work, we develop scalable bufferless protocols that implement the MPI-3.0 specification. Our protocols support scaling to millions of cores with negligible memory consumption while providing highest performance and minimal overheads. To arm programmers, we provide a spectrum of performance models for all critical functions and demonstrate the usability of our library and models with several application studies with up to half a million processes. We show that our design is comparable to, or better than UPC and Fortran Coarrays in terms of latency, bandwidth, and message rate. We also demonstrate application performance improvements with comparable programming complexity.
description: Best Paper Award at ACM/IEEE Supercomputing'13 (1/92), also Best Student Paper finalist (8/92); source code of foMPI can be downloaded from http://spcl.inf.ethz.ch/Research/Parallel_Programming/foMPI
Velocity and velocity-difference distributions in Burgers turbulence
Creators: name: Boldyrev, S.
name: Linde, T.
name: Polyakov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the one-dimensional Burgers equation randomly stirred at large scales by a Gaussian short-time correlated force. Using the method of dissipative anomalies, we obtain velocity and velocity-difference probability density functions and confirm the results with high-resolution numerical simulations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, improved numerics, matches the published version
MOESM1 of Fruit syndromes in Viburnum: correlated evolution of color, nutritional content, and morphology in bird-dispersed fleshy fruits
Creators: name: Sinnott-Armstrong, Miranda
name: Lee, Chong
name: Clement, Wendy
name: Donoghue, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Nutritional, morphological and (categorical) color data for Viburnum species, as well as accession numbers and sample sizes for each measurement. Table S2. Step cost matrix implemented in Mesquite to represent the paedomorphy model. Table S3. Transition rate matrices used in the ancestral state reconstruction by maximum likelihood. Table S4. Transition rates between each fruit color state as estimated by make.simmap in phytools using a symmetrical model of evolution.. Figure. S1. Speciesâ€™ colors plotted in tetrahedral color space according to a visual model of a UV-sensitive bird. Figure S2. Volume overlap between each fruit color category in tetrahedral color space.
Automated Pavement Crack Segmentation Using U-Net-based Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Lau, Stephen L. H.
name: Chong, Edwin K. P.
name: Yang, Xu
name: Wang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated pavement crack image segmentation is challenging because of inherent irregular patterns, lighting conditions, and noise in images. Conventional approaches require a substantial amount of feature engineering to differentiate crack regions from non-affected regions. In this paper, we propose a deep learning technique based on a convolutional neural network to perform segmentation tasks on pavement crack images. Our approach requires minimal feature engineering compared to other machine learning techniques. We propose a U-Net-based network architecture in which we replace the encoder with a pretrained ResNet-34 neural network. We use a "one-cycle" training schedule based on cyclical learning rates to speed up the convergence. Our method achieves an F1 score of 96% on the CFD dataset and 73% on the Crack500 dataset, outperforming other algorithms tested on these datasets. We perform ablation studies on various techniques that helped us get marginal performance boosts, i.e., the addition of spatial and channel squeeze and excitation (SCSE) modules, training with gradually increasing image sizes, and training various neural network layers with different learning rates.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Access
Factors Affecting the Agricultural Loan Decision-Making Process
Creators: name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Wilson, Christine A.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Jones, John D.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Wilson, Christine A.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Jones, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: agricultural loans
subject: credit evaluation
subject: credit bureau score
subject: interest rates

description: Agricultural lenders in today’s environment face many challenges when evaluating the creditworthiness of farm borrowers. To address these challenges, a survey was conducted with financial institutions in Kansas and Indiana where agricultural lenders were asked for their response to hypothetical agricultural loan requests. Each loan request differed by the borrower’s character, financial record keeping, productive standing, Fair Isaac credit bureau score, and credit risk. Lenders provided information about themselves and their financial institutions. The survey data obtained determine the relative importance of financial and non-financial information when analyzing agricultural loan applications. Tobit models are estimated to identify the borrower and lender characteristics that are important in determining loan approval while OLS models are used to investigate the factors that affect interest rates offered to farm borrowers. The results provide a comparison of agricultural lending between two important agricultural states. The results from this analysis also provide lenders with insight on the factors that influence the decision making process of other agricultural lenders.
Cardiac contractility modulation for the treatment of moderate to severe HF
Creators: name: Ishu V. Rao
name: Burkhoff, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Heart failure (HF) affects over 6 million Americans and approximately 650,000 new cases are diagnosed annually, with patients evenly split between HFrEF and HFpEF. Recent advances in therapy for these patients have been limited to pharmaceutical agents, with CRT remaining the most reliable device therapy option since its advent almost twenty years ago. In 2019, after almost two decades without the introduction of a new device therapy for the treatment of moderate HF, the FDA approved CCM® therapy, delivered by the Optimizer Smart device, for patients with NYHA Class III HF who are on guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), in normal sinus rhythm (NSR), and with EF ranging from 25% to 45%, and who are ineligible for CRT. Areas covered: Multiple clinical trials support the use of CCM to improve quality of life, functional class, and 6-min hall walk distance. This article will discuss the science behind CCM therapy, the presumed mechanisms of action, the pre-clinical studies that shaped subsequent endeavors, and the clinical trials that support its use. Expert opinion: The introduction of CCM therapy bridges a therapeutic gap for patients with few or no other therapeutic options for NYHA III heart failure.
Effect of Sr-for-Ba isovalent substitution on the local structure, hole distribution and magnetic irreversibility of Cu(Ba,Sr)2YbCu2O6.95(2)
Creators: name: Nakane, T.
name: Isawa, K.
name: Liu, R. S.
name: Chen, J. M.
name: Yamauchi, H.
name: Karppinen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Sr(II)-for-Ba(II) isovalent substitution on the magnetic irreversibility field (Hirr) of Cu(Ba1-ySry)2YbCu2O6.95(2) (Cu-1212) sample series (y = 0 ~ 0.4) is studied to reveal guiding rules for tailoring the intrinsic Hirr characteristics of high-Tc superconductors. It has been assumed that substitution of the larger alkaline earth cation, Ba(II), by the smaller, Sr(II), might improve the Hirr characteristics as a consequence of the decrease in the thickness of nonsuperconductive blocking block (BB). However, results of the present work show that Sr substitution rather depresses the Hirr characteristics of the Cu-1212-phase superconductors even though the thickness of BB decreases. Both the amount of excess oxygen and the overall positive charge are confirmed to remain constant upon the Sr substitution by wet-chemical and XANES analyses, respectively. However, from neutron diffraction data analysis it is found that Sr substitution breaks the conductive CuO chains in BB by shifting part of the excess oxygen atoms from the characteristic b-axis lattice site to the a-axis site. This is believed to decrease the concentration of mobile holes in the BB, as supported by the results of TEP measurements. The lower Hirr(T) lines of the Sr-substituted samples may thus be attributed to the lower concentration of mobile holes in BB.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, to appear in J. Solid State Chem
Intrinsic Schreier split extensions
Creators: name: Montoli, Andrea
name: Rodelo, Diana
name: Van der Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M32, 20J15, 18E99, 03C05, 08C05

description: In the context of regular unital categories we introduce an intrinsic version of the notion of a Schreier split epimorphism, originally considered for monoids. We show that such split epimorphisms satisfy the same homological properties as Schreier split epimorphisms of monoids do. This gives rise to new examples of S-protomodular categories, and allows us to better understand the homological behaviour of monoids from a categorical perspective.
description: 20 pages
Batagur Gray 1856
Creators: name: Figueroa, Alex
name: Low, Martyn E. Y.
name: Lim, Kelvin K. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Geoemydidae
Batagur

description: Genus Batagur Gray, 1856 (1 species)
Batagur Gray, 1856: 35 (type species: Emys baska Gray, 1830, by subsequent designation by Smith [1931: 134]).
description: Published as part of Figueroa, Alex, Low, Martyn E. Y. & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2023, Singapore's herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution, pp. 1-378 in Zootaxa 5287 (1) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5287.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7960319
Mapping agricultural trade within the ECOWAS: structure and flow of agricultural products, barriers to trade, financing gaps and policy options A research project in cooperation with GIZ on behalf of BMZ
Creators: name: Kareem, Olayinka Idowu
name: Wieck, Christine
name: Kareem, Olayinka Idowu
name: Wieck, Christine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: ECOWAS
subject: intra-african
subject: agri-food trade
subject: trade corridors
subject: heterogeneous trade
subject: policy measures
subject: trade costs
subject: informal trade
subject: women
subject: agricultural finance
subject: quality standards
subject: quality infrastructure

description: This study reviews the structure and flow of formal and informal agri-food trade within ECOWAS and evaluate the trade barriers, financial and quality infrastructure gaps. A mixed-method approach – qualitative and quantitative methods – is adopted which comprises an extensive literature review, analysis of available statistical data on formal and informal trade and trade barriers, a field survey, expert interviews and workshops. The intra-ECOWAS agri-food trade is still at the low level with most of the traded agri-food commodities largely without value addition and characterised by inadequate diversification of the export base. A preponderance of informal agri-food trade along both the formal and informal trade corridors are detected. Livestock, oilseeds, cottonseed, nuts, cocoa beans, cereal, cassava, fisheries, fruits and vegetables were the most traded agri-food commodities, which were not given any concession of passage or facilitated across the borders despite the perishability of the commodities. Agri-food trade flows in the ECOWAS are largely hampered by the heterogeneous trade policy measures across the Member states. This is often a barrier to trade and tend to increase trade costs and commodities prices, thereby constraining the regional trade benefits to the people while also making the trading countries uncompetitive. Women agri-food traders were often exploited and harassed by the different borders’ officials. More so, the low intra-ECOWAS trade in agricultural and food products is due to the low production capacities, which among others are due to the inadequate finance, poor quality infrastructure – soft (trained inspectors, customs procedures digitalisation, certification, etc) and hard (metrology facilities, roads, ports’ facilities, testing and inspection laboratories, etc.). Agricultural trade finance has been identified as one of the key challenges inhibiting trade in agricultural commodities in this subregion. Strategic policy options to promote agri-food trade within ECOWAS are provided.
Intruders in the Dust: Air-Driven Granular Size Separation
Creators: name: Möbius, M. E.
name: Cheng, X.
name: Karczmar, G. S.
name: Nagel, S. R.
name: Jaeger, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using MRI and high-speed video we investigate the motion of a large intruder particle inside a vertically shaken bed of smaller particles. We find a pronounced, non-monotonic density dependence, with both light and heavy intruders moving faster than those whose density is approximately that of the granular bed. For light intruders, we furthermore observe either rising or sinking behavior, depending on intruder starting height, boundary condition and interstitial gas pressure. We map out the phase boundary delineating the rising and sinking regimes. A simple model can account for much of the observed behavior and show how the two regimes are connected by considering pressure gradients across the granular bed during a shaking cycle.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Impact of Perceptions and Practices on the Financial Performance of Texas Cooperatives
Creators: name: Hagerman, Amy D.
name: Leatham, David J.
name: Park, John L.
name: Hagerman, Amy D.
name: Leatham, David J.
name: Park, John L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Performance
subject: Agribusiness Cooperatives
subject: Causality

description: The changing business environment and evolving culture of cooperatives create a need to re-evaluate the drivers of cooperative performance. Literature suggests that these drivers could be operational, practices or perceptions. Our model of cooperative performance integrates these variables to determine if they have a causal influence on performance. The model is built from a survey of managers in Texas. The results indicate that company size and structure, perceptions of external environment, and best practices could potentially be driving performance as measured by return on equity; however, the sample size is too small to make any certain conclusions.
MOESM1 of Accuracy of ventilator-associated events for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections
Creators: name: Pouly, Olivier
name: Lecailtel, Sylvain
name: Six, Sophie
name: Préau, Sébastien
name: Wallet, Frédéric
name: Nseir, Saad
name: Rouzé, Anahita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Online supplementary material.
Growth Velocities of Branched Actin Networks
Creators: name: Carlsson, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The growth of an actin network against an obstacle that stimulates branching locally is studied using several variants of a kinetic rate model based on the orientation-dependent number density of filaments. The model emphasizes the effects of branching and capping on the density of free filament ends. The variants differ in their treatment of side vs. end branching and dimensionality, and assume that new branches are generated by existing branches (autocatalytic behavior) or independently of existing branches (nucleation behavior). In autocatalytic models, the network growth velocity is rigorously independent of the opposing force exerted by the obstacle, and the network density is proportional to the force. The dependence of the growth velocity on the branching and capping rates is evaluated by a numerical solution of the rate equations. In side-branching models, the growth velocity drops gradually to zero with decreasing branching rate, while in end-branching models the drop is abrupt. As the capping rate goes to zero, it is found that the behavior of the velocity is sensitive to the thickness of the branching region. Experiments are proposed for using these results to shed light on the nature of the branching process.
description: 6 figures
MOESM5 of A systematic review protocol on small/kiddie cigarette packaging size and its impact on smoking
Creators: name: Halizah Mat Rifin
name: Hasani, Wan Rodzlan
name: Miaw Ling
name: Lourdes, Tania Robert
name: Thamil Saminathan
name: Majid, Nur Ab
name: Ahzairin Ahmad
name: Hasimah Ismail
name: Yusoff, Muhammad Mohd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S4. Quality Assessment Checklist.