cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the SPECTRUM training programme for real‐time continuous glucose monitoring: a real‐world multicentre prospective study in 120 adults with type 1 diabetes
Creators: name: Schlüter, Sandra
name: Freckmann, Guido
name: Heinemann, Lutz
name: Wintergerst, Peter
name: Lange, Karin
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: devices
subject: healthcare delivery
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Self-management (Psychology)
subject: Bildung
subject: Selbstmanagement

description: Abstract Aims Comprehensive knowledge, specific skills and data‐analysis competences are prerequisites for the successful use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems. SPECTRUM is a structured training programme for real‐time CGM (rtCGM) consisting of a web‐based introduction and six group sessions of 90 min each. The ‘CGM‐TRAIN study’ evaluated the efficacy and acceptance of SPECTRUM and rtCGM systems among adults with insulin therapy. Methods Participants (n = 120) were recruited from 10 German diabetes centres in which they were treated under usual care conditions. Outcome measures were rtCGM knowledge, practical skills, satisfaction with the training programme, satisfaction and acceptance of rtCGM system and glycaemic control. Data were collected at study entry, after training completion and at 6‐month follow‐up. Results All participants were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (56% women, mean age 42.4 ± 13.4 years, diabetes duration 21.6 ± 11.6 years), 110 participants completed the course. After training completion, rtCGM‐specific knowledge had improved by 43% (scale: 0–40 points) from 21.2 ± 7.6 to 30.4 ± 4.5 points; p < 0.001. The knowledge‐level persisted until follow‐up (29.4 ± 4.5). Participants were able to master nearly all the practical requirements of the technology. In addition, rtCGM was highly accepted, and participants were motivated to use their systems continuously. HbA1c improved slightly from 61 ± 14 mmol/mol (7.7 ± 1.3%) before training to 60 ± 14 mmol/mol (7.6 ± 1.3%) at follow‐up (p = 0.04). The training programme itself was favourably rated by participants. Conclusions Under usual out‐patient daily care conditions, the training programme SPECTRUM improved knowledge and skills about rtCGM in adults with type 1 diabetes. This was associated with a reduced HbA1c, high satisfaction and acceptance of rtCGM (Clinical Trials Registry no.: DRKS00014380).
Chemical variation among castes, female life stages and populations of the facultative eusocial sweat bee halictus rubicundus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
Creators: name: Steitz, Iris
name: Paxton, Robert J.
name: Schulz, Stefan
name: Ayasse, Manfred
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Halictid bee
subject: Facultative eusocial behavior
subject: Chemical communication
subject: Regulation of reproduction
subject: Population dialect
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences
subject: Reproduction Regulation
subject: Halictidae

description: In eusocial insects, chemical communication is crucial for mediating many aspects of social activities, especially the regulation of reproduction. Though queen signals are known to decrease ovarian activation of workers in highly eusocial species, little is known about their evolution. In contrast, some primitively eusocial species are thought to control worker reproduction through physical aggression by the queen rather than via pheromones, suggesting the evolutionary establishment of chemical signals with more derived sociality. However, studies supporting this hypothesis are largely missing. Socially polymorphic halictid bees, such as Halictus rubicundus, with social and solitary populations in both Europe and North America, offer excellent opportunities to illuminate the evolution of caste-specific signals. Here we compared the chemical profiles of social and solitary populations from both continents and tested whether (i) population or social level affect chemical dissimilarity and whether (ii) caste-specific patterns reflect a conserved queen signal. Our results demonstrate unique odor profiles of European and North American populations, mainly due to different isomers of n-alkenes and macrocyclic lactones; chemical differences may be indicative of phylogeographic drift in odor profiles. We also found common compounds overproduced in queens compared to workers in both populations, indicating a potential conserved queen signal. However, North American populations have a lower caste-specific chemical dissimilarity than European populations which raises the question if both use different mechanisms of regulating reproductive division of labor. Therefore, our study gives new insights into the evolution of eusocial behavior and the role of chemical communication in the inhibition of reproduction.
Table S2. Generalised linear mixed model of the density of browsing herbivorous cichlids. Cichlid species, depth, substratum type, and inclination of substratum were analysed as fixed factors with survey year as a random factor. Std. Error = standard error. from Depth and substratum differentiations among coexisting herbivorous cichlids in Lake Tanganyika
Creators: name: Hata, Hiroki
name: Ochi, Haruki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Cichlid fish in Lake Tanganyika represent a system of adaptive radiation in which eight ancestral lineages have diversified into hundreds of species through adaptation to various niches. However, Tanganyikan cichlids have been thought to be oversaturated, that is, the species number exceeds the number of niches and ecologically equivalent and competitively even species coexist. However, recent studies have shed light on niche segregation on a finer scale among apparently equivalent species. We observed depth and substratum preferences of 15 herbivorous cichlids from four ecomorphs (i.e. grazer, browser, scraper and scooper) on a rocky littoral slope for 14 years. Depth differentiation was detected among grazers that defended feeding territories and among browsers with feeding territories. Cichlid species having no feeding territory also showed specificity on depth and substratum, resulting in habitat segregation among species that belong to the same ecomorph. Phylogenetically close species did not occupy adjacent depths, nor the opposite depth zones. Our findings suggest that apparently equivalent species of the same ecomorph coexist parapatrically along depth on a few metre scale, or coexist with different substratum preferences on the rocky shore, and this niche segregation may have been acquired by competition between encountering equivalent species through repetitive lake-level fluctuations.
Developmental cell death of cortical projection neurons is controlled by a Bcl11a/Bcl6‐dependent pathway
Creators: name: Wiegreffe, Christoph
name: Wahl, Tobias
name: Joos, Natalie Sophie
name: Bonnefont, Jerome
name: Liu, Pentao
name: Britsch, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bcl11a
subject: Bcl6
subject: developmental cell death
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Neocortex
subject: Transcription Factors
subject: Proteinfamilie
subject: Transkriptionsfaktor

description: Developmental neuron death plays a pivotal role in refining organization and wiring during neocortex formation. Aberrant regulation of this process results in neurodevelopmental disorders including impaired learning and memory. Underlying molecular pathways are incompletely determined. Loss of Bcl11a in cortical projection neurons induces pronounced cell death in upper-layer cortical projection neurons during postnatal corticogenesis. We use this genetic model to explore genetic mechanisms by which developmental neuron death is controlled. Unexpectedly, we find Bcl6, previously shown to be involved in the transition of cortical neurons from progenitor to postmitotic differentiation state to provide a major checkpoint regulating neuron survival during late cortical development. We show that Bcl11a is a direct transcriptional regulator of Bcl6. Deletion of Bcl6 exerts death of cortical projection neurons. In turn, reintroduction of Bcl6 into Bcl11a mutants prevents induction of cell death in these neurons. Together, our data identify a novel Bcl11a/Bcl6-dependent molecular pathway in regulation of developmental cell death during corticogenesis.
Output order effects in autobiographical memory in old age : further evidence for an emotional organisation
Creators: name: Zimprich, Daniel
name: Nusser, Lisa
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Autoregressive effects
subject: Output order
subject: Emotional valence
subject: Emotional intensity
subject: Mood
subject: Mixed-effects model
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: Autobiographical memory
subject: Emotions
subject: Aged
subject: Alter
subject: Episodisches Gedächtnis

description: It is generally accepted that autobiographical memories (AMs) are organised in associative networks. While both thematic and temporal similarity have been examined as connections among AMs, in the present study we focused on both the positive and negative emotional intensity of events as a possible link among AMs. To do so, we investigated whether the output order with which AMs elicited by cue words were reported can be accounted for emotional intensity of adjacent AMs. Data come from 94 older adults (M = 67.14; SD = 6.17) who reported 30 AMs in response to neutral cue words. Positive and negative emotional intensity of AMs were assessed on two separate scales (happiness and sadness). The output order was modeled based on a dual mixed-effects autoregressive model, where the strength of the autoregressive effect indicates how much the emotional intensity of an AM can be predicted by the emotional intensity of the previously reported AM. Results show that there were significant autoregressive effects for both the happiness and sadness ratings (accounting for 4% of variance). We also observed cross-over effects, such that the happiness rating of an AM was predicted by the sadness rating of the previously reported AM (and vice versa). Moreover, we found individual differences in the strength of the autoregressive effects. For the sadness ratings, these individual differences tended to be related to the participant’s mood state, particularly so during the first output positions. Together, these findings demonstrate that there is a substantive effect of emotional intensity on the output order with which AMs are reported—even when elicited by cue words. Based on the premise that the output order of AMs informs about the organisation of autobiographical memory, our results highlight the role of emotional associations among AMs in old age.
Biomechanics of a cemented short stem: a comparative in vitro study regarding primary stability and maximum fracture load
Creators: name: Freitag, Tobias
name: Kutzner, Karl Philipp
name: Bieger, Ralf
name: Reichel, Heiko
name: Ignatius, Anita
name: Dürselen, Lutz
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cemented total hip arthroplasty
subject: Short stem
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Migration
subject: Micromotion
subject: Primary stability
subject: Fracture pattern
subject: Cadaver
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health

description: Abstract Purpose In total hip arthroplasty, uncemented short stems have been used more and more frequently in recent years. Especially for short and curved femoral implants, bone-preserving and soft tissue-sparing properties are postulated. However, indication is limited to sufficient bone quality. At present, there are no curved short stems available which are based on cemented fixation. Methods In this in vitro study, primary stability and maximum fracture load of a newly developed cemented short-stem implant was evaluated in comparison to an already well-established cemented conventional straight stem using six pairs of human cadaver femurs with minor bone quality. Primary stability, including reversible micromotion and irreversible migration, was assessed in a dynamic material-testing machine. Furthermore, a subsequent load-to-failure test revealed the periprosthetic fracture characteristics. Results Reversible and irreversible micromotions showed no statistical difference between the two investigated stems. All short stems fractured under maximum load according to Vancouver type B3, whereas 4 out of 6 conventional stems suffered a periprosthetic fracture according to Vancouver type C. Mean fracture load of the short stems was 3062 N versus 3160 N for the conventional stems (p = 0.84). Conclusion Primary stability of the cemented short stem was not negatively influenced compared to the cemented conventional stem and no significant difference in fracture load was observed. However, a clear difference in the fracture pattern has been identified.
BSNet: Box-Supervised Simulation-assisted Mean Teacher for 3D Instance Segmentation
Creators: name: Lu, Jiahao
name: Deng, Jiacheng
name: Zhang, Tianzhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 3D instance segmentation (3DIS) is a crucial task, but point-level annotations are tedious in fully supervised settings. Thus, using bounding boxes (bboxes) as annotations has shown great potential. The current mainstream approach is a two-step process, involving the generation of pseudo-labels from box annotations and the training of a 3DIS network with the pseudo-labels. However, due to the presence of intersections among bboxes, not every point has a determined instance label, especially in overlapping areas. To generate higher quality pseudo-labels and achieve more precise weakly supervised 3DIS results, we propose the Box-Supervised Simulation-assisted Mean Teacher for 3D Instance Segmentation (BSNet), which devises a novel pseudo-labeler called Simulation-assisted Transformer. The labeler consists of two main components. The first is Simulation-assisted Mean Teacher, which introduces Mean Teacher for the first time in this task and constructs simulated samples to assist the labeler in acquiring prior knowledge about overlapping areas. To better model local-global structure, we also propose Local-Global Aware Attention as the decoder for teacher and student labelers. Extensive experiments conducted on the ScanNetV2 and S3DIS datasets verify the superiority of our designs. Code is available at \href{https://github.com/peoplelu/BSNet}{https://github.com/peoplelu/BSNet}.
Validity and interobserver agreement of a new radiographic grading system for intervertebral disc degeneration : Part III. Thoracic spine
Creators: name: Liebsch, Christian
name: Tao, Youping
name: Kienle, Annette
name: Wilke, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Thoracic spine
subject: Degeneration grading system
subject: Interobserver reliability
subject: Validity
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Spine
subject: Thorax
subject: Intervertebral disc
subject: Intervertebral disc degeneration
subject: Brustwirbelsäule
subject: Bandscheibendegeneration

description: Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the validity and objectivity of a new quantitative radiographic grading system for thoracic intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods The new grading system involves the measurement variables “Height loss” and “Osteophyte formation”, which are determined from lateral radiographs, resulting in the “Overall degree of degeneration” on a four-point scale from 0 (no degeneration) to 3 (severe degeneration). Validation was performed by comparing the radiographic degrees of degeneration of 54 human intervertebral discs to the respective macroscopic degrees, which were defined as the “real” degrees of degeneration. Interobserver agreement was examined using radiographs of 135 human thoracic intervertebral discs. Agreement was quantified by means of quadratically weighted Kappa coefficients with 95% confidence limits (CL). Results Validation revealed almost perfect agreement between the radiographic and the macroscopic overall degrees of degeneration (Kappa 0.968, CL 0.944–0.991), while the macroscopic grades tended to be underestimated in low degeneration grades. Radiographic grading of two independent observers also exhibited almost perfect agreement (Kappa 0.883, CL 0.824–0.941) as well as tendencies towards rater-dependent differences in low degeneration grades. Conclusion The new quantitative radiographic grading scheme represents a valid, reliable, and almost objective method for assessing the degree of degeneration of individual thoracic intervertebral discs. Potential effects of interindividual variations and the radiographic superimposition of anatomical structures represent a limitation of this method should be taken into account when using the grading system for clinical and experimental purposes, especially with regard to specific morphological as well as patient- and donor-specific characteristics.
Cross Correlation.pdf from Indications for influence of artificial (man-made) activity on radon signals, in simulation experiments
Creators: name: G. Steinitz
name: P. Kotlarsky
name: O. Piatibratova
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20202 Nuclear Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross correlation of temperature and radon in Figs. 4, 5 &16
Excavations at St Nicholas Yard, Carlisle, 1996-7.
Creators: name: Howard-Davis, Christine L E
name: Leah, Mark
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 99, 89-116
description: Work on an area long known as the probable site of the leper hospital of St Nicholas (which was founded in the late-twelfth century - see also 97/1759 & 2000/753). Four phases of activity were defined from the earliest Roman phase, through the medieval period, to post-medieval and modern activity. There are two distinct medieval phases (2A and 2B) which between them define a hiatus in activity following raiding attacks from Scotland in the late-thirteenth and early-fourteenth centuries. Post-medieval structures and the modern Charles Cropper Hall, both known from the historical record to have occupied the site, were also attested. The finds are detailed as follows: `The Roman pottery' by M L Hird & C M Brooks (98--102); `The medieval and post-medieval pottery' by C M Brooks (102--6); ironwork (mostly nails, possibly derived from a Roman burial) and other metalwork; glass - vessel, window and bead; a small amount of animal bone and some undiagnostic bone that may or may not be human and from the putative Roman burial; and `The palaeoenvironmental evidence' by Elizabeth Huckerby (107--9 & 110).
The environs of the Castlerigg stone circle: an analysis of the landscape of the Naddle Valley near Keswick.
Creators: name: Clare, Tom
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 99, 67-88
description: Archaeological environs surveyed with particular reference to the following four landscape archaeology concepts: that the landscape is a continuum in both space and time; that some areas have greater `time depth' than others; that there is a relationship between biodiversiy and the archaeological/historical record; and that all of the above have combined to form discrete `landscape historical zones'. There is an `Appendix: the place name Naddle' by Gordon Roberts (86).
Multiparametric PET and MRI of myocardial damage after myocardial infarction: correlation of integrin αvβ3 expression and myocardial blood flow
Creators: name: Makowski, Marcus R.
name: Rischpler, Christoph
name: Ebersberger, Ullrich
name: Keithahn, Alexandra
name: Kasel, Markus
name: Hoffmann, Ellen
name: Rassaf, Tienush
name: Kessler, Horst
name: Wester, Hans-Jürgen
name: Nekolla, Stephan G.
name: Schwaiger, Markus
name: Beer, Ambros J.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: PET/CT
subject: Integrin αvβ3
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Myocardial Infarction
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Angiogenesis
subject: Positron-emission tomography
subject: Herzinfarkt
subject: Molekulare Bildgebung
subject: Integrine
subject: Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie

description: Abstract Purpose Increased angiogenesis after myocardial infarction is considered an important favorable prognostic parameter. The αvβ3 integrin is a key mediator of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and an important molecular target for imaging of neovasculature and repair processes after MI. Thus, imaging of αvβ3 expression might provide a novel biomarker for assessment of myocardial angiogenesis as a prognostic marker of left ventricular remodeling after MI. Currently, there is limited data available regarding the association of myocardial blood flow and αvβ3 integrin expression after myocardial infarction in humans. Methods Twelve patients were examined 31 ± 14 days after MI with PET/CT using [18F]Galacto-RGD and [13N]NH3 and with cardiac MRI including late enhancement on the same day. Normal myocardium (remote) and areas of infarction (lesion) were identified on the [18F]Galacto-RGD PET/CT images by correlation with [13N]NH3 PET and cardiac MRI. Lesion/liver-, lesion/blood-, and lesion/remote ratios were calculated. Blood flow and [18F]Galacto-RGD uptake were quantified and correlated for each myocardial segment (AHA 17-segment model). Results In 5 patients, increased [18F]Galacto-RGD uptake was notable within or adjacent to the infarction areas with a lesion/remote ratio of 46% (26–83%; lesion/blood 1.15 ± 0.06; lesion/liver 0.61 ± 0.18). [18F]Galacto-RGD uptake correlated significantly with infarct size (R = 0.73; p = 0.016). Moreover, it correlated significantly with restricted blood flow for all myocardial segments (R = − 0.39; p < 0.0001) and even stronger in severely hypoperfused areas (R = − 0.75; p < 0.0001). Conclusion [18F]Galacto-RGD PET/CT allows the visualization and quantification of myocardial αvβ3 expression as a key player in angiogenesis in a subset of patients after MI. αvβ3 expression was more pronounced in patients with larger infarcts and was generally more intense but not restricted to areas with more impaired blood flow, proving that tracer uptake was largely independent of unspecific perfusion effects. Based on these promising results, larger prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the potential of αvβ3 imaging for assessment of myocardial angiogenesis and prediction of ventricular remodeling.
More thoughts on the Vallum.
Creators: name: Woolliscroft, David J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 99, 53-66
description: Explores possible logistical/administrative and defensive explanations for the existence of this massive steep-sided ditch, located immediately south of Hadrian's Wall and stretching c. 76 Roman miles between Newcastle and Bowness in Solway.
A catalogue of recent acquisitions to Tullie House Museum and reported finds from the Cumbrian area 1990-1996. Part II: Reported finds.
Creators: name: Richardson, Colin
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2002

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 99, 1-52
description: Objects included in part two are mainly unpublished local finds, either brought in for identification and recording purposes or reported to the museum but not examined at first hand. The catalogue numbers follow on from those in Part one (and are numbers 136--218).
O'Corry-Crowe et al - Biology Letters - Supplementary Mat from Genetic profiling links changing sea-ice to shifting beluga whale migration patterns
Creators: name: O'Corry-Crowe, Greg
name: Mahoney, Andrew R.
name: Suydam, Robert
name: Quakenbush, Lori
name: Whiting, Alex
name: Lowry, Lloyd
name: Harwood, Lois
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Genetic profiling links changing sea ice to shifting beluga whale migration patterns - Supplementary Material
Termination rates and histological reclassification of active surveillance patients with low- and early intermediate-risk prostate cancer: results of the PREFERE trial
Creators: name: Albers, Peter
name: Wiegel, Thomas
name: Schmidberger, Heinz
name: Bussar-Maatz, Roswitha
name: Härter, Martin
name: Kristiansen, Glen
name: Martus, Peter
name: Meisner, Christoph
name: Wellek, Stefan
name: Grozinger, Klaus
name: Renner, Peter
name: Burmester, Martin
name: Schneider, Fried
name: Stöckle, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Active surveillance
subject: Prostate cancer
subject: Clinical trial
subject: Reclassification
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health

description: Abstract Purpose Active surveillance (AS) strategies for patients with low- and early intermediate-risk prostate cancer are still not consistently defined. Within a controlled randomized trial, active surveillance was compared to other treatment options for patients with prostate cancer. Aim of this analysis was to report on termination rates of patients treated with AS including different grade groups. Methods A randomized trial comparing radical prostatectomy, active surveillance, external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy was performed from 2013 to 2016 and included 345 patients with low- and early intermediate-risk prostate cancer (ISUP grade groups 1 and 2). The trial was prematurely stopped due to slow accrual. A total of 130 patients were treated with active surveillance. Among them, 42 patients were diagnosed with intermediate-risk PCA. Reference pathology and AS quality control were performed throughout. Results After a median follow-up time of 18.8 months, 73 out of the 130 patients (56%) terminated active surveillance. Of these, 56 (77%) patients were histologically reclassified at the time of rebiopsy, including 35% and 60% of the grade group 1 and 2 patients, respectively. No patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at the time of reclassification had radical prostatectomy specimens ≥ grade group 3. Conclusion In this prospectively analyzed subcohort of patients with AS and conventional staging within a randomized trial, the 2-year histological reclassification rates were higher than those previously reported. Active surveillance may not be based on conventional staging alone, and patients with grade group 2 cancers may be recommended for active surveillance in carefully controlled trials only.
Supplementary Material from Genetic profiling links changing sea-ice to shifting beluga whale migration patterns
Creators: name: O'Corry-Crowe, Gregory
name: Mahoney, Andrew R.
name: Suydam, Robert
name: Quakenbush, Lori
name: Whiting, Alex
name: Lowry, Lloyd
name: Harwood, Lois
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Genetic profiling links changing sea ice to shifting beluga whale migration patterns - supplementary material
Stay present with your phone : a systematic review and standardized rating of mindfulness apps in European app stores
Creators: name: Schultchen, Dana
name: Terhorst, Yannik
name: Holderied, Tanja
name: Stach, Michael
name: Messner, Eva-Maria
name: Baumeister, Harald
name: Sander, Lasse Bosse
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mindfulness
subject: MARS
subject: Mobile health
subject: mHealth
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: Systematic review
subject: App (Programm)

description: Background Mindfulness-based interventions show positive effects on physical and mental health. For a better integration of mindfulness techniques in daily life, the use of apps may be promising. However, only a few studies have examined the quality of mindfulness apps using a validated standardized instrument. This review aims to evaluate the content, quality, and privacy features of mindfulness-focused apps from European commercial app stores. Methods An automated search engine (webcrawler) was used to identify mindfulness-focused apps in the European Apple App- and Google Play store. Content, quality, and privacy features were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). The MARS assesses the subscales engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information quality. Results Out of 605 identified apps, 192 met the inclusion criteria. The overall quality was moderate (M = 3.66, SD = 0.48). Seven apps were tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Most of the apps showed a lack of data security and no privacy policy. The five apps with the highest ratings are from a credible source, include a privacy policy, and are also based on standardized mindfulness and behavior change techniques. Conclusions The plethora of often low-quality apps in commercial app stores makes it difficult for users to identify a suitable app. Above that, the lack of scientific verification of effectiveness and shortcomings in privacy protection and security poses potential risks. So far, the potential of mindfulness-focused apps is not exploited in commercial app stores.
Post flash flood survey: the 14th and 15th October 2015 event in the Paupisi-Solopaca area (Southern Italy)
Creators: name: Santo, Antonio
name: Santangelo, Nicoletta
name: Forte, Giovanni
name: Falco, Melania De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: In this paper, a 1:5000 map of the geomorphic consequences of the 14th–15th October 2015 flash flood is presented. The most severely affected area (about 13 km2) was located at the footslope of Mt. Camposauro (Southern Italy), between the municipalities of Solopaca and Paupisi. In this area high-intensity and very localized cloudbursts of short duration induced hillslope erosion and sediment delivery from the slopes to the Calore River, activating several alluvial fans. The rainstorm lasted 7 h with a maximum recorded rainfall peak of nearly 140 mm in 2 h. The event map resulting from a geological and geomorphological post-event field survey was supported by satellite images and unmanned aerial vehicle image interpretations, respectively taken one day and one week after the event. The flash flood resulted in no casualties but severely affected the local economy, mainly based on agriculture and wine production.
Evaluation of a curved surgical prototype in a human larynx
Creators: name: Schild, L. R.
name: Böhm, F.
name: KIenle, L.
name: Seitz, A.
name: Kahrs, L. A.
name: Böckers, T. M.
name: Greve, J.
name: Hoffmann, T. K.
name: Schuler, P. J.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Flexible instruments
subject: Curved
subject: Video laryngoscope
subject: Laryngeal surgery
subject: TORS
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Larynx; Surgery
subject: Laryngoscopy; Methods
subject: Microsurgery
subject: Surgical instruments
subject: Kehlkopfchirurgie
subject: Mikrochirurgie
subject: Laryngoskopie
subject: Operationstechnik

description: Purpose It is not always possible to create linear access to the larynx using a rigid operating laryngoscope for microlaryngoscopy. In this study, we evaluate the usability of a novel curved surgical prototype with flexible instruments for the larynx (sMAC) in a simulation dummy and human body donor. Methods In a user study (n = 6), head and neck surgeons as well as medical students tested the system for visualization quality and accessibility of laryngeal landmarks on an intubation dummy and human cadaver. A biopsy of the epiglottis was taken from the body donor. Photographic and time documentation was carried out. Results The sMAC system demonstrated general feasibility for laryngeal surgery. Unlike conventional microlaryngoscopy, all landmarks could be visualized and manipulated in both setups. Biopsy removal was possible. Visibility of the surgical field remained largely unobstructed even with an endotracheal tube in place. Overall handling of the sMAC prototype was satisfactorily feasible at all times. Conclusion The sMAC system could offer an alternative for patients, where microlaryngoscopy is not applicable. A clinical trial has to clarify if the system benefits in clinical routine.
title: Do Different Styles of Self-Monitoring Yield Different Outcomes in Ego Depletion and Anxiety?
Creators: name: Ealer, Katelyn Brittany
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011

description: Different styles of self-monitoring, Public Performing and Other-directed, may result in different levels of ego depletion and anxiety after an ego depleting self-presentation task. To test this idea, undergraduate psychology students were recruited and deceived into believing that they were being monitored by trained researchers for competency so as to activate the ego depleting self-presentational strategy of competence. The predictions that as self-monitoring increases, ego depletion increases, that Other-directed self-monitoring predicts ego depletion more than Public Performing self-monitoring, that Public Performing self-monitoring predicts ego depletion controlling for Extroversion and Other-directed self-monitoring predicts ego depletion controlling for Neuroticism, and that ego depletion mediates the relationship between Other directed self-monitoring and Anxiety was tested by a regression, t-test for two correlations, two multiple regressions, and a mediation analysis, respectively. None of these hypotheses were supported, however marginal trends were found for the mediation hypothesis. Reasons for these results were discussed, implications suggested, limitations stated, and avenues of future research were recommended.
Geology of the Pergola–Melandro basin area, Southern Apennines, Italy
Creators: name: Civile, Dario
name: Schiattarella, Marcello
name: Martino, Claudio
name: Zecchin, Massimo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The Southern Apennines (SA) are part of the Apennine–Maghrebian chain, a segment of the circum-Mediterranean Alpine orogenic system. It is a NE-verging fold-and-thrust belt with an about N150°-striking axis developed since the late Oligocene-early Miocene. The Geological Map at 1:25,000 scale of the Pergola–Melandro basin area, presents a sector of the axial zone of the SA which represents a key area to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of this chain. The map describes the complex structural and stratigraphic relationships between the three main tectonic units forming this sector of the SA: (1) the carbonate slope succession of the Maddalena Mts Unit, interpreted as the eastern boundary of the Apennine carbonate Platform; (2) the Lagonegro Unit, resulting from the deformation of the homonym pelagic basin; (3) the strongly deformed Argille Variegate Group sandwiched between the two previous units. Three main contractional tectonic stages, occurring from middle Miocene to Pliocene, have been recognized. Since Pliocene times low-angle extensional tectonic contacts and tectono-gravitative detachments affected the tectonic pile.
D4.3 Second PATTERN Policy Brief
Creators: name: Salnikova, Asya
name: Brandstetter-Kunc, Adam
name: Bara-Busila, Ioana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Policy
Open RRI
Policy recommendations
Institutional policies
Open RRI training

description: The Second PATTERN Policy Brief relies on the results of the first PATTERN learning cycle, the testing phase for newly developed training opportunities in 14 pilot institutions. It also draws on co-creation implemented through the Open Studio methodology, involving PATTERN consortium partners, both from and beyond the project teams, sister projects representatives, students who followed PATTERN trainings,and policymakers.

This Policy Brief focuses on the needs for institutional support towards the sustainable adoption of Open RRI training through a better alignment of relevant European Union (EU) and institutional policies.

**This version of the document is still under approval of the EC.
Contracts Do Matter: Robust Evidence of an Optimal Level of Legal Formalism in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Green, Alan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper asks: ‘how do institutions impact household wealth?’ This question is the micro level analogue to the macro question: ‘how do institutions impact economic growth?’ Institutions are exogenous to household decisions, allowing for quasi-experimental analysis of this micro question. Results shed light on a continuing puzzle: contracting institutions have typically been found to be insignificant empirically. Estimates show a strong quadratic effect of legal formalism on household wealth. Household analysis also shows smaller impacts of property rights than found in the literature. Results are robust to inclusion of controls for other institutions, geography, economic indicators, historical factors and democracy.
THE PHYSICAL-EDUCATIONAL CONTENT OF DEVELOPING THE KNOWLEDGE OF FUTURE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS ABOUT SPORTS AESTHETICS
Creators: name: Shahbazova, Gulrukh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this article, the theoretical-methodological foundations of the development of knowledge about sports aesthetics in future physical education teachers, the practical methodical system of developing knowledge about sports aesthetics, and the effectiveness of developing knowledge about sports aesthetics have been studied. Motives for developing knowledge of sports aesthetics among future physical education teachers were also analyzed.
Predicting the need of aortic valve surgery in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation: a comparison between cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and transthoracic echocardiography
Creators: name: Faber, M.
name: Sonne, C.
name: Rosner, S.
name: Persch, H.
name: Reinhard, W.
name: Hendrich, E.
name: Will, A.
name: Martinoff, S.
name: Hadamitzky, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aortic regurgitation
subject: Aortic valve surgery
subject: Prognosis
subject: Magnetic resonance tomography
subject: Transthoracic echocardiography
subject: ASSOCIATION
subject: RECOMMENDATIONS
subject: REPLACEMENT
subject: SEVERITY
subject: OUTCOMES
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health

description: Abstract To compare the ability of cardiac magnetic resonance tomography (CMR) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to predict the need for valve surgery in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation on a mid-term basis. 66 individuals underwent assessment of aortic regurgitation (AR) both in CMR and TTE between August 2012 and April 2017. The follow-up rate was 76% with a median of 5.1 years. Cox proportional hazards method was used to assess the association of the time-to-aortic-valve-surgery, including valve replacement and reconstruction, and imaging parameters. A direct comparison of most predictive CMR and echocardiographic parameters was performed by using nested-factor-models. Sixteen patients (32%) were treated with aortic valve surgery during follow-up. Aortic valve insufficiency parameters, both of echocardiography and CMR, showed good discriminative and predictive power regarding the need of valve surgery. Within all examined parameters AR gradation derived by CMR correlated best with outcome [χ2 = 27.1; HR 12.2 (95% CI: 4.56, 36.8); (p < 0.0001)]. In direct comparison of both modalities, CMR assessment provided additive prognostic power beyond echocardiographic assessment of AR but not vice versa (improvement of χ2 from 21.4 to 28.4; p = 0.008). Nested model analysis demonstrated an overall better correlation with outcome by using both modalities compared with using echo alone with the best improvement in the moderate to severe AR range with an echo grade II out of III and a regurgitation fraction of 32% in CMR. This study corroborates the capability of CMR in direct quantification of AR and its role for guiding further treatment decisions particularly in patients with moderate AR in echocardiography.
Interpretable Modeling of Deep Reinforcement Learning Driven Scheduling
Creators: name: Li, Boyang
name: Lan, Zhiling
name: Papka, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the field of high-performance computing (HPC), there has been recent exploration into the use of deep reinforcement learning for cluster scheduling (DRL scheduling), which has demonstrated promising outcomes. However, a significant challenge arises from the lack of interpretability in deep neural networks (DNN), rendering them as black-box models to system managers. This lack of model interpretability hinders the practical deployment of DRL scheduling. In this work, we present a framework called IRL (Interpretable Reinforcement Learning) to address the issue of interpretability of DRL scheduling. The core idea is to interpret DNN (i.e., the DRL policy) as a decision tree by utilizing imitation learning. Unlike DNN, decision tree models are non-parametric and easily comprehensible to humans. To extract an effective and efficient decision tree, IRL incorporates the Dataset Aggregation (DAgger) algorithm and introduces the notion of critical state to prune the derived decision tree. Through trace-based experiments, we demonstrate that IRL is capable of converting a black-box DNN policy into an interpretable rulebased decision tree while maintaining comparable scheduling performance. Additionally, IRL can contribute to the setting of rewards in DRL scheduling.
Electronic Supplementary Document from Flies compensate for unilateral wing damage through modular adjustments of wing and body kinematics
Creators: name: Muijres, Florian T.
name: Iwasaki, Nicole A.
name: Elzinga, Michael J.
name: Melis, Johan M.
name: Dickinson, Michael H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Table S1, Figures S1-S3 and legends of videos S1-S4 and datasets S1-S3
Dear supplier, how sustainable are you?
Creators: name: Fraser, Iain J.
name: Müller, Martin
name: Schwarzkopf, Julia
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sustainable supply chain management
subject: Supplier assessment
subject: Self-assessment
subject: Sustainability assessment tools
subject: Supplier assessment fatigue
subject: Social desirability bias
subject: DDC 150 / Psychology
subject: DDC 300 / Social sciences
subject: Student self-assessment
subject: Selbsteinschätzung

description: This article analyses one of the most common tools employed by global focal companies in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) across all industries: supplier sustainability self-assessment questionnaires. Extant research has moved beyond the questions of whether and which suppliers should be assessed. Current research is already focussing on how to share and standardise such assessment data. Despite mounting general research on SSCM, we identified that specific tools such as self-assessment questionnaires have not been empirically analysed in SSCM literature. Thus, this paper addresses the research questions of what differences there are among supplier self-assessment questionnaires and how supplier responses to such questionnaires might be influenced. Our research involves an abductive multiple-case study design and an analysis of over 25,000 responses from globally dispersed suppliers to two types of supplier sustainability self-assessment questionnaires administered and requested by a global automotive focal company. Although the two questionnaires covered similar areas of sustainability practices and were administered to suppliers of the same focal company, the suppliers’ responses demonstrated various observable differences in average sustainability scores. Social desirability bias and supplier assessment fatigue were identified as issues confronting such questionnaires. We find that questionnaire design, how the questionnaire is embedded in the focal company’s processes and institutional settings are factors that potentially influence suppliers’ responses and could counteract social desirability bias and supplier assessment fatigue. Based on these findings we make suggestions for improving these SSCM tools and provide recommendations for further research.
Novel and flexible ultrasound simulation with smartphones and tablets in fetal echocardiography
Creators: name: Hartmann, Tim Johannes
name: Friebe-Hoffmann, Ulrike
name: De Gregorio, Nikolaus
name: De Gregorio, Amelie
name: Lato, Christiane
name: Hüner, Beate
name: Friedel, Thomas
name: Janni, Wolfgang
name: Lato, Krisztian
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound simulator
subject: Fetal echocardiography
subject: Ultrasound education
subject: Portable ultrasound simulation
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Fetal Heart
subject: Education; Medical
subject: Medizinische Ausbildung

description: Abstract Purpose Evaluation of a novel ultrasound-simulation-app for training fetal echocardiography as a possible useful addition for students, residents and specialist doctors. Furthermore, comparison to a conventional learning-method with special attention on orientation and recognition of physiological structures. Methods Prospective two-arm study with the participation of 226 clinical students. 108 students were given an extract from a textbook on fetal echocardiography (PDF-group, n = 108) for 30 min to study. 118 students were able to use the new ultrasound-simulator-app (Simulator-group, n = 118) to learn for 30 min. The knowledge of the students was examined both before and after the learning-period by having them identify sonographic structures in videos using single-choice selection. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding age (p = 0.87), gender (p = 0.28), and the number of previously performed ultrasound-examinations (p = 0.45). In the Simulator-group, there was a significantly higher learning effect regarding the proportion of students with an increase of correct answers in the video test examination (p = 0.005). At the end of learning, the students in the Simulator-group needed significantly less time to display the structures in the app’s simulation (median initially 10.9 s vs. 6.8 s at the end; p < 0.001). Conclusions The novel ultrasound-simulation-app seems to be a useful addition and improvement to ultrasound training. Previous difficulties such as simultaneously having patients, ultrasound-machines, and professors at disposal can thus be avoided. This means that another important step towards remote learning can be taken, which has been proven increasingly essential lately, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.