cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Mass Accretion Rate and Stellar Properties in Class I Protostars
Creators: name: Fiorellino, Eleonora
name: Tychoniec, Lukasz
name: de Miera, Fernando Cruz-Saenz
name: Antoniucci, Simone
name: Kospal, Agnes
name: Manara, Carlo F.
name: Nisini, Brunella
name: Rosotti, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars collect most of their mass during the protostellar stage, yet the accretion luminosity and stellar parameters, which are needed to compute the mass accretion rate, are poorly constrained for the youngest sources. The aim of this work is to fill this gap, computing the stellar properties and the accretion rates for a large sample of Class I protostars located in nearby (< 500 pc) star-forming regions and analysing their interplay. We used a self-consistent method to provide accretion and stellar parameters using SED modeling and veiling information from near-IR observations, when possible. We calculated accretion and stellar properties for the first time for 50 young stars. We focused our analysis on the 39 confirmed protostars, finding that their mass accretion rate varies between about 10^(-8) and about 10^(-4) Msun/yr in a stellar mass range between about 0.1 and 3 Msun. We find systematically larger mass accretion rates for our Class I sample than in Class II objects. Although the mass accretion rate we found is high, it still suggests that either stars collect most of its mass before Class I stage, or eruptive accretion is needed during the overall protostellar phase. Indeed, our results suggest that for a large number of protostars the disk can be unstable, which can result in accretion bursts and disk fragmentation in the past or in the future.
Precise photoproduction of the charged top-pions at the LHC with forward detector acceptances
Creators: name: Sun, Hao
name: Yue, Chong-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the photoproduction of the charged top-pion predicted by the top triangle moose ($TTM$) model (a deconstructed version of the topcolor-assisted technicolor $TC2$ model) via the processes $pp\rightarrow p γp \rightarrow π^\pm_t t +X$ at the 14 $TeV$ Large Hadron Collider ($LHC$) including next-to-leading order ($NLO$) $QCD$ corrections. Our results show that the production cross sections and distributions are sensitive to the free parameters $\sinω$ and $M_{π_t}$. Typical $QCD$ correction value is $7\% \sim 11\%$ and does not depend much on $\sinω$ as well as the forward detector acceptances.
description: 21pages, 7figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1201.4364 by other authors
Holographic measurement and quantum teleportation in the SYK thermofield double
Creators: name: Antonini, Stefano
name: Grado-White, Brianna
name: Jian, Shao-Kai
name: Swingle, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to holography, entanglement is the building block of spacetime; therefore, drastic changes of entanglement will lead to interesting transitions in the dual spacetime. In this paper, we study the effect of projective measurements on the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model's thermofield double state, dual to an eternal black hole in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity. We calculate the (Renyi-2) mutual information between the two copies of the SYK model upon projective measurement of a subset of fermions in one copy. We propose a dual JT gravity model that can account for the change of entanglement due to measurement, and observe an entanglement wedge phase transition in the von Neumann entropy. The entanglement wedge for the unmeasured side changes from the region outside the horizon to include the entire time reversal invariant slice of the two-sided geometry as the number of measured Majorana fermions increases. Therefore, after the transition, the bulk information stored in the measured subsystem is not entirely lost upon projection in one copy of the SYK model, but rather teleported to the other copy. We further propose a decoding protocol to elucidate the teleportation interpretation, and connect our analysis to the physics of traversable wormholes.
description: 35 pages + appendices, 21 figures
title: Gastrointestinal involvement in Parkinson’s disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management
Creators: name: Warnecke, Tobias
name: Schäfer, Karl Herbert
name: Claus, Inga
name: Del Tredici, Kelly
name: Jost, Wolfgang H.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Growing evidence suggests an increasing significance for the extent of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Most patients suffer from GIT symptoms, including dysphagia, sialorrhea, bloating, nausea, vomiting, gastroparesis, and constipation during the disease course. The underlying pathomechanisms of this α-synucleinopathy play an important role in disease development and progression, i.e., early accumulation of Lewy pathology in the enteric and central nervous systems is implicated in pharyngeal discoordination, esophageal and gastric motility/peristalsis impairment, chronic pain, altered intestinal permeability and autonomic dysfunction of the colon, with subsequent constipation. Severe complications, including malnutrition, dehydration, insufficient drug effects, aspiration pneumonia, intestinal obstruction, and megacolon, frequently result in hospitalization. Sophisticated diagnostic tools are now available that permit more detailed examination of specific GIT impairment patterns. Furthermore, novel treatment approaches have been evaluated, although high-level evidence trials are often missing. Finally, the burgeoning literature devoted to the GIT microbiome reveals its importance for neurologists. We review current knowledge about GIT pathoanatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment in PD and provide recommendations for management in daily practice.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Using Tautologies and Contradictions
Creators: name: Snider, Todd
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Tautologies are necessarily true, contradictions necessarily false, and so one might expect neither of them to be conversationally useful. Since at least Grice 1975, however, felicitous uses of tautologies have been noted. In this paper, I present an analysis of felicitous uses of tautologies and contradictions where each gives rise to an implication. For tautologies, this implication is a specific conversational implicature, an uncontrollability implicature; for contradictions it is part of the literal content, a contextual restriction that arises as a result of the process of semantic interpretation. I argue that other accounts of these phenomena have not been sufficiently general.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
"Surely that’s not a negative declarative question?" – Polar discourses in Swedish, German and English
Creators: name: Seeliger, Heiko
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper discusses questions that are declarative in form, contain a negative marker, and express epistemic speaker bias. Fronting of the negative marker in Swedish is taken as a starting point for a delineation of this type of question, termed ‘rejecting question’, against the background of theories of declarative questions. The discussion is expanded with data from German and English. I propose that rejecting questions are a type of tentative assertion without direct reference to the addressee, and that these tentative assertions express FALSUM focus.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Analytic Evolution of Singular Distribution Amplitudes in QCD
Creators: name: Radyushkin, A. V.
name: Tandogan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method of analytic evolution of distribution amplitudes (DA) that have singularities, such as non-zero values at the end-points of the support region, jumps at some points inside the support region and cusps. We illustrate the method by applying it to the evolution of a flat (constant) DA, antisymmetric flat DA and then use it for evolution of the two-photon generalized distribution amplitude. Our approach has advantages over the standard method of expansion in Gegenbauer polynomials, which requires infinite number of terms in order to accurately reproduce functions in the vicinity of singular points, and over a straightforward iteration of an initial distribution with evolution kernel. The latter produces logarithmically divergent terms at each iteration, while in our method the logarithmic singularities are summed from the start, which immediately produces a continuous curve, with only one or two iterations needed afterwards in order to get rather precise results.
Decline of the current quadrupole moment during the merger phase of binary black hole coalescence
Creators: name: Zhang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing the tools of tendex and vortex, we study the highly dynamic plunge and merger phases of several $π$-symmetric binary black hole coalescences. In particular, we observe a decline of the strength of the current quadrupole moment as compared to that of the mass quadrupole moment during the merger phase, contrary to a naive estimate according to the dependence of these moments on the separation between the black holes. We further show that this decline of the current quadrupole moment is achieved through the remnants of the two individual spins becoming nearly aligned or anti-aligned with the total angular momentum. We also speculate on the implication of our observations for achieving a consistency between the electric and magnetic parity quasinormal modes.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Scalar implicatures processing: slowly accepting the truth (literally)
Creators: name: Schwarz, Florian
name: Romoli, Jacopo
name: Bill, Cory
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The processing of scalar implicatures has been extensively studied in recent years (Bott and Noveck 2004; Bott et al. 2012; Breheny et al. 2006; Huang and Snedeker 2009, Chemla and Bott 2013 among others). Following the work of Bott and Noveck (2004), there has been an ongoing discussion about whether scalar implicatures are delayed in online processing. A second question, discussed more recently, is whether so-called ‘indirect’ scalar implicatures (e.g., John didn’t always go to the movies ⇝ John sometimes went) exhibit the same processing profile as the standard direct ones (e.g., John sometimes went to the movies ⇝ John didn’t always go). Cremers and Chemla (2014) argue that they do, whereas Romoli and Schwarz (2015) find the reverse pattern for indirect scalar implicatures, with slower Reaction Times associated with literal responses. In this paper, we report an experiment investigating two key questions arising from this debate: first, do Reaction Times yield uniform evidence for delayed availability of implicatures? and second, do direct and indirect scalar implicatures display comparable or distinct processing properties? Using the covered picture version of a picture matching task (Huang et al. 2013) with reaction time measures, we look both at cases where the overt picture is rejected and where it is accepted. Our results provide a negative answer to the first question: while delays for implicature responses arise for rejections (Covered picture choices), the pattern flips for acceptances (Target choices). The cross-over interaction in the results is inconsistent with attributing delayed implicature-rejections to delays in the availability of the implicature, since Target choices compatible with the implicature are faster than ones that are only compatible with a literal interpretation. This yields a very different perspective on reaction time results for implicatures. As for the second question, our results show that once acceptance vs. rejection is factored in, the general reaction time pattern is the same for indirect and direct scalar implicatures and compatible with the different results found in the literature.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
An algebraic characterization of injectivity in phase retrieval
Creators: name: Conca, Aldo
name: Edidin, Dan
name: Hering, Milena
name: Vinzant, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A complex frame is a collection of vectors that span $\mathbb{C}^M$ and define measurements, called intensity measurements, on vectors in $\mathbb{C}^M$. In purely mathematical terms, the problem of phase retrieval is to recover a complex vector from its intensity measurements, namely the modulus of its inner product with these frame vectors. We show that any vector is uniquely determined (up to a global phase factor) from $4M-4$ generic measurements. To prove this, we identify the set of frames defining non-injective measurements with the projection of a real variety and bound its dimension.
description: 11 pages
VaTEST I: Validation of Sub-Saturn Exoplanet TOI-181b in Narrow Orbit from its Host Star
Creators: name: Mistry, Priyashkumar
name: Pathak, Kamlesh
name: Lekkas, Georgios
name: Prasad, Aniket
name: Bhattarai, Surendra
name: Maity, Mousam
name: Beichman, Charles A.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Evans, Phil
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Eastman, Jason D.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
name: Lucero, Jennifer P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a validation of sub-Saturn exoplanet TOI-181b orbiting a K spectral type star TOI-181 (Mass: 0.822 $\pm$ 0.04 M$_{\odot}$, Radius: 0.745 $\pm$ 0.02 R$_{\odot}$, Temperature: 4994 $\pm$ 50 K) as a part of Validation of Transiting Exoplanets using Statistical Tools (VaTEST) project. TOI-181b is a planet with radius 6.95 $\pm$ 0.08 R$_{\oplus}$, mass 46.16 $\pm$ 2.71 M$_{\oplus}$, orbiting in a slightly eccentric orbit with eccentricity 0.15 $\pm$ 0.06 and semi-major axis of 0.054 $\pm$ 0.004 AU, with an orbital period of 4.5320 $\pm$ 0.000002 days. The transit photometry data was collected using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and spectroscopic data for radial velocity analysis was collected using The European Southern Observatory's (ESO) High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) telescope. Based on the radial velocity best-fit model we measured RV semi-amplitude to be 20.56 $\pm$ 2.37 m s$^{-1}$. Additionally, we used \texttt{VESPA} and \texttt{TRICERATOPS} to compute the False Positive Probability (FPP), and the findings were FPP values of $1.68\times10^{-14}$ and $3.81\times10^{-04}$, respectively, which are significantly lower than the 1% threshold. The finding of TOI-181b is significant in the perspective of future work on the formation and migration history of analogous planetary systems since warm sub-Saturns are uncommon in the known sample of exoplanets.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS, Structural changes are made, New results
Rhythmogenesis in the mean field model of the neuron-glial network
Creators: name: Barabash, Nikita
name: Levanova, Tatiana
name: Stasenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Despite the fact that the phenomenon of bursting activity is important for functioning of living neural networks, the mechanisms of its origin are still not clear. In this paper, we propose a new phenomenological model that can explain the mechanisms of the formation of bursting activity based on short-term synaptic plasticity, recurrent connections, and neuron-glial interactions. We show that neuron-glial interactions can induce bursting activity. The bifurcation scenarios of emergence of bursting activity are in the focus of the paper. Proposed study is important for understanding of the complex dynamics in neural networks.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Quadrupole Plasmon Excitations in Confined One-dimensional Systems
Creators: name: Wu, Reng-lai
name: Yu, Yabin
name: Xue, Hong-jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence and nature of a new mode of electronic collective excitations (quadrupole plasmons) in confined one-dimensional electronic systems have been predicted by an eigen-equation method. The eigen-equation based on the time-dependent density-functional theory is presented for calculating the collective excitations in confined systems. With this method, all modes of collective excitations in the 1D systems may be found out. These modes include dipole plasmons and quadrupole plasmons. The dipole plasmon mode corresponds to the antisymmetric oscillation of induced charge, and can be shown as a resonance of the dipole response. In the quadrupole plasmon modes, the induced charge distribution is symmetric, and the dipole response vanishes. The motion of the electrons in the quadrupole modes is similar to the vibration of atoms in the breathing mode of phonons. This type of plasmons can be shown as a resonance of the quadrupole response, and has to be excited by al non-uniform field.
Zooming into CP violation in $B_{(s)}\to hh$ Decays
Creators: name: Fleischer, Robert
name: Jaarsma, Ruben
name: Vos, K. Keri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb collaboration has recently reported the first observation of CP violation in the penguin-dominated $B^0_s\to K^-K^+$ decay and further new measurements, indicating differences between the direct CP asymmetries of both the $B^0_s\to K^-K^+$, $B^0_d\toπ^-K^+$ and the $B^0_d\to π^-π^+$, $B^0_s\to K^-π^+$ modes. We show that these puzzling differences can be accommodated through sizeable penguin annihilation and exchange topologies in the Standard Model, and constrain them. Utilising the $U$-spin symmetry, we extract the angle $γ$ of the unitarity triangle from the CP asymmetries in the $B^0_s\to K^-K^+$, $B^0_d\to π^-π^+$ system alone, finding $γ=(65^{+11}_{-7})^\circ$, in perfect agreement with the determination from tree-level $B\to DK$ decays. The $B^0_s$--$\bar B^0_s$ mixing phase $ϕ_s$ can be extracted from CP violation measurements in $B^0_s\to K^-K^+$ in a clean way. We present a new strategy and extract $ϕ_s=-(3.6\pm 5.4)^\circ$. This result is in agreement with the determination from $B^0_s\to J/ψϕ$ decays. New CP-violating contributions would influence these determinations differently. Hence it is interesting to keep monitoring both as the experimental picture sharpens.
description: 18 pages
Numerical simulations and observations of Mg II in the solar chromosphere
Creators: name: Hansteen, Viggo
name: Sykora, Juan Martinez
name: Carlsson, Mats
name: De Pontieu, Bart
name: Gosic, Milan
name: Bose, Souvik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mg II h&k lines are amongst the best diagnostic tools of the upper solar chromosphere. This region of the atmosphere is of particular interest as it is the lowest region of the Sun's atmosphere where the magnetic field is dominant in the energetics and dynamics, defining its structure. While highly successful in the photosphere and lower to mid chromosphere, numerical models have produced syntheticMg II lines that do not match the observations well. We present a number of large scale models with magnetic field topologies representative of the quiet Sun, ephemeral flux regions and plage, and also models where the numerical resolution is high and where we go beyond the MHD paradigm. The results of this study show models with a much improved correspondence with \iris\ observations both in terms of intensities and widths, especially underscoring the importance of chromospheric mass loading and of capturing the magnetic field topology and evolution in simulations. This comes in addition to the importance of capturing the generation of small scale velocity fields and including non-equilibrium ionization and ion-neutral interaction effects. Understanding and modeling all these effects and their relative importance is necessary in order to reproduce observed spectral features.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ
Fermi operator expansion method for nuclei and inhomogeneous matter with nuclear energy density functional
Creators: name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear energy density functional method at finite temperature is a useful tool for studies of nuclear structure at high excitation, and also for researches of nuclear matter involved in explosive stellar phenomena and neutron stars. However, its unrestricted calculation requires large computational costs for the three-dimensional coordinate-space solvers, especially for the Hamiltonian matrix diagonalization and (or) the Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization of the single-particle wave functions. We test numerical performance of the Fermi operator expansion method, that requires neither the diagonalization nor the Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization, for finite nuclei and inhomogeneous nuclear matter. The method is applied to isolated finite N=Z nuclei and to non-uniform symmetric nuclear matter at finite temperature, which turns out be very effective with the three-dimensional coordinate-space representation, especially at high temperature. The Fermi operator expansion method is a useful tool for studies of various nuclear phases at finite temperature with the energy density functional calculations. The method is suitable for massively parallel computing with distributed memory. Furthermore, when the space size is large, the calculation may benefit from its order-N scaling property.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Top Cross-Sections and Single Top
Creators: name: Schwienhorst, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper summarizes top quark cross-section measurements at the Tevatron and the LHC. Top quark pair production cross-sections have been measured in all decay modes by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the LHC and by the CDF and D0 collaborations at the Tevatron. Single top quark production has been observed at both the Tevatron and the LHC. The t-channel and associated Wt production modes have been observed at the LHC and evidence for s-channel production has been reported by the Tevatron collaborations.
description: Proceedings for PIC 2013
Forbidden "ortho"--"para" electric dipole transitions in H$_2^+$ ion
Creators: name: Korobov, V. I.
name: Bakalov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first systematic calculation of the electric dipole forbidden transitions in the homonuclear molecular ion H$_2^+$. We get that the transition rate from the ground "ortho" $(v\!=\!0,N\!=\!1,J\!=\!1/2)$ state to the ground "para" $(v\!=\!0,N\!=\!0,J\!=\!1/2)$ state is $4.9\!\times\!10^{-14}$ s$^{-1}$ that corresponds to the lifetime of $6.4\!\times\!10^5$ yr. The Einstein coefficient $A_{nn'}$ for the $(v\!=\!1,N\!=\!1,J\!=\!1/2)\!\to\!(v\!=\!0,N\!=\!0,J\!=\!1/2)$ transition is equal to $0.12\!\times\!10^{-9}$ s$^{-1}$, which is of "comparable" order with the values for quadrupole transitions in H$_2^+$. It gives hope that the "ortho"--"para" transitions in H$_2^+$ can be induced by the laser spectroscopy.
description: 5 pages, 3 tables, submitted to PRA
Inverse linking and telescoping as polyadic quantification
Creators: name: Sailer, Manfred
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The paper discusses two constellations in which one quantifier is embedded inside another but where the embedded quantifier seems to outscope its embedder: inverse linking and telescoping. Four phenomena are mentioned that support that idea that the two quantifiers behave neither like the higher nor like the lower quantifier but rather display a unit-like behavior. This motivates a polyadic analysis, which will be expressed in Lexical Resource Semantics. Interesting predictions for so far unnoticed data on negative polarity items follow from this treatment.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Energy terms and stability diagrams for the 2D problem of three charged particles
Creators: name: Simenog, I. V.
name: Mikhnyuk, V. V.
name: Bidasyuk, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetric and antisymmetric terms have been obtained in the framework of the variational approach for two-dimensional (2D) Coulomb systems of symmetric trions XXY. Stability diagrams and certain anomalies arising in the 2D space are explained qualitatively in the framework of the Born--Oppenheimer adiabatic approximation. The asymptotics of energy terms at large distances obtained for an arbitrary space dimensionality are analyzed, and some approximation formulas for 2D terms are proposed. An anomalous dependence of multipole moments on the space dimensionality has been found in the case of a spherically symmetric field. The main results obtained for the 2D and 3D problems of two Coulomb centers are compared.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Hidden universal quantification and change of argument structure in particleverb constructions
Creators: name: Roßdeutscher, Antje
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: I propose an analysis of verb phrases called Ground Promotion constructions (cf. McIntyre 2007) , or involving ‘unpredicated particles’ (cf. Levin and Sells 2009), at the syntaxsemantics interface. The interface framework combines principles of Minimalist Syntax and Distributed Morphology with Discourse Representation Theory. The analysis follows the hypothesis of a parallelism between the verbal and the prepositional domain, i.e. Split-P Hypothesis, but presents a different analysis for Ground Promotion constructions than the seminal paper Svenonius (2003): A silent passive p-head houses a hidden universal quantifier (HUQ) in the nucleus of which the implicit figure argument is existentially bound.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Light detection with power and signal transmission over fiber
Creators: name: Souza, H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next generation long baseline (1300 km) neutrino oscillation experiment. The neutrino beam measurements will be performed by a near detector (ND) and far detector (FD). The far detector will consist of four modules, installed 1,5 km deep underground, based on Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) technology to detect particles. The Vertical Drift (VD) LArTPC is a recent technology proposed by the DUNE Collaboration for the second FD module. In VD, light collection will be optimized by embedding photon detectors within the LArTPC cathode, which is biased at -300 kV. As result, power must arrive to the Photon Detection System (PDS) and signal must be transmitted via non-conductive material. The proposed solution is to use Power-over-Fiber (PoF) and Signal-over-Fiber (SoF). An intense validation of the system is being performed by the Collaboration at the CERN Neutrino Platform, design and results from data collected over the first half of 2022 are presented.
Hydrodynamical Simulations of Black-Hole Binary Formation in AGN Disks
Creators: name: Li, Jiaru
name: Dempsey, Adam M.
name: Li, Hui
name: Lai, Dong
name: Li, Shengtai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the close encounters between two single black holes (BHs) embedded in an AGN disk using a series of global 2D hydrodynamics simulations. We find that when the disk density is sufficiently high, bound BH binaries can be formed by the collision of their circum-single disks. Our analysis demonstrates that, after a BH pair passes the pericenter of their relative trajectory, a gas post-collision drag may slow down the BHs, possibly forcing the two BHs to stay tightly bound. A binary formed by a close encounter can have a compact semi-major axis, large eccentricity, and retrograde orbital angular momentum. We provide a fitting formula that can accurately predict whether a close encounter can form a binary based on the gas mass and the incoming energy of the encounter. This fitting formula can be easily implemented in other long-term simulations that study the dynamical evolution of BHs in AGN disks.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Fabrication and characterisation of nanospintronic devices
Creators: name: Samm, J.
name: Gramich, J.
name: Baumgartner, A.
name: Weiss, M.
name: Schoenenberger, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an improved fabrication scheme for carbon based nanospintronic devices and demonstrate the necessity for a careful data analysis to investigate the fundamental physical mechanisms leading to magnetoresistance. The processing with a low-density polymer and an optimised recipe allows us to improve the electrical, magnetic and structural quality of ferromagnetic Permalloy contacts on lateral carbon nanotube (CNT) quantum dot spin valve devices, with comparable results for thermal and sputter deposition of the material. We show that spintronic nanostructures require an extended data analysis, since the magnetisation can affect all characteristic parameters of the conductance features and lead to seemingly anomalous spin transport. In addition, we report measurements on CNT quantum dot spin valves that seem not to be compatible with the orthodox theories for spin transport in such structures.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Capture of Irregular Satellites at Jupiter
Creators: name: Nesvorny, D.
name: Vokrouhlicky, D.
name: Deienno, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The irregular satellites of outer planets are thought to have been captured from heliocentric orbits. The exact nature of the capture process, however, remains uncertain. We examine the possibility that irregular satellites were captured from the planetesimal disk during the early Solar System instability when encounters between the outer planets occurred (Nesvorny, Vokrouhlicky & Morbidelli 2007, AJ 133; hereafter NVM07). NVM07 already showed that the irregular satellites of Saturn, Uranus and Neptune were plausibly captured during planetary encounters. Here we find that the current instability models present favorable conditions for capture of irregular satellites at Jupiter as well, mainly because Jupiter undergoes a phase of close encounters with an ice giant. We show that the orbital distribution of bodies captured during planetary encounters provides a good match to the observed distribution of irregular satellites at Jupiter. The capture efficiency for each particle in the original transplanetary disk is found to be (1.3-3.6)x10^-8. This is roughly enough to explain the observed population of jovian irregular moons. We also confirm NVM07's results for the irregular satellites of Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
description: Submitted to ApJ, revised version
Branching Fractions of $B$ Meson Decays in Mesogenesis
Creators: name: Elor, Gilly
name: Guerrera, Alfredo Walter Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the $B$-Mesogenesis mechanism is directly related to the branching fraction of seemingly baryon number violating decays of $B$ mesons into a light Standard Model baryon and missing energy. Achieving the observed baryon asymmetry requires that the branching fraction for such decays be greater than about $10^{-7}-10^{-5}$. Experimental searches at $B$ Factories and Hadron Colliders target specific decay modes. Therefore, computing the exclusive branching fraction for each decay is a critical step towards testing Mesogenesis. In this work we use QCD Light Cone Sum Rules to compute the form factors and branching fractions of the various possible channels contributing to the baryon asymmetry. Using the results, we comment on implications for current and future experimental searches.
description: 13 pages + appendices. 3 figures and 1 table. Code for computing branching fractions available upon request
Magnetic dynamo caused by axions in neutron stars
Creators: name: Anzuini, Filippo
name: Pons, José A.
name: Gómez-Bañón, Antonio
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Bianchini, Federico
name: Melatos, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling between axions and photons modifies Maxwell's equations, introducing a dynamo term in the magnetic induction equation. In neutron stars, for critical values of the axion decay constant and axion mass, the magnetic dynamo mechanism increases the total magnetic energy of the star. We show that this generates substantial internal heating due to enhanced dissipation of crustal electric currents. These mechanisms would lead magnetized neutron stars to increase their magnetic energy and thermal luminosity by several orders of magnitude, in contrast to observations of thermally-emitting neutron stars. To prevent the activation of the dynamo, bounds on the allowed axion parameter space can be derived.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table + Supplemental Material
Are nonsingular black holes with super-Planckian hair ruled out by S2 star data?
Creators: name: Cadoni, M.
name: De Laurentis, M.
name: De Martino, I.
name: Della Monica, R.
name: Oi, M.
name: Sanna, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel nonsingular black-hole spacetime representing a strong deformation of the Schwarzschild solution with mass $M$ by an additional hair $\ell$, which may be hierarchically larger than the Planck scale. Our black-hole model presents a de Sitter core and $\mathcal{O}(\ell^2/r^2)$ slow-decaying corrections to the Schwarzschild solution. Our black-hole solutions are thermodynamically preferred when $0.2 \lesssim \ell/GM \lesssim \, 0.3$ and are characterized by strong deviations in the orbits of test particles from the Schwarzschild case. In particular, we find corrections to the perihelion precession angle scaling linearly with $\ell$. We test our model using the available data for the orbits of the S2 star around $\text{SgrA}^*$. These data strongly constrain the value of the hair $\ell$, casting an upper bound on it of $\sim \, 0.47 \, GM$, but do not rule out the possible existence of regular black holes with super-Planckian hair.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Revised version: Addendum and some references have been added
Fine gradings on the simple Lie algebras of type $E$
Creators: name: Draper, Cristina
name: Elduque, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B70, 17B25

description: Some fine gradings on the exceptional Lie algebras $\mathfrak{e}_6$, $\mathfrak{e}_7$ and $\mathfrak{e}_8$ are described. This list tries to be exhaustive.
description: Note di Matematica, 2014
Density Profiles of Collapsed Rotating Massive Stars Favor Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Halevi, Goni
name: Wu, Belinda
name: Moesta, Philipp
name: Gottlieb, Ore
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Aguilera-Dena, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (lGRBs) originate in relativistic collimated outflows -- jets -- that drill their way out of collapsing massive stars. Accurately modeling this process requires realistic stellar profiles for the jets to propagate through and break out of. Most previous studies have used simple power laws or pre-collapse models for massive stars. However, the relevant stellar profile for lGRB models is in fact that of a star after its core has collapsed to form a compact object. To self-consistently compute such a stellar profile, we use the open-source code GR1D to simulate the core-collapse process for a suite of low-metallicity, rotating, massive stellar progenitors that have undergone chemically homogeneous evolution. Our models span a range of zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) masses: $M_\mathrm{ZAMS} = 13, 18, 21, 25, 35, 40$, and $45 M_\odot$. All of these models, at the onset of core-collapse, feature steep density profiles, $ρ\propto r^{-α}$ with $α\approx 2.5$, which would result in jets that are inconsistent with lGRB observables. We follow the collapse of four out of our seven models until they form BHs and the other three proto-neutron stars (PNSs). We find, across all models, that the density profile outside of the newly-formed BH or PNS is well-represented by a flatter power law with $α\approx 1.35{-}1.55$. Such flat density profiles are conducive to successful formation and breakout of BH-powered jets and, in fact, required to reproduce observable properties of lGRBs. Future models of lGRBs should be initialized with shallower \textit{post-collapse} stellar profiles like those presented here instead of the much steeper pre-collapse profiles that are typically used.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures+1 table, accepted to ApJL
High Negation in Subjunctive Conditionals and Polar Questions
Creators: name: Romero, Maribel
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: In certain environments, negation does not anti-license Positive Polarity Items in English and can precede definite noun phrases in German. Instances of negation with these characteristics are labeled 'high' negation. There are two environments where high negation –as opposed to regular, 'low' negation– has been argued to correlate with an additional meaning effect: mandatory counterfactuality in subjunctive conditionals and obligatory epistemic bias in polar questions. Analyses of high negation in the literature have targeted one construction or the other, but not both. The present paper provides an unified analysis of high negation that derives its interpretive effects in both environments.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Weyl group orbit functions in image processing
Creators: name: Chadzitaskos, Goce
name: Háková, Lenka
name: Kajínek, Ondřej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We deal with the Fourier-like analysis of functions on discrete grids in two-dimensional simplexes using $C-$ and $E-$ Weyl group orbit functions. For these cases we present the convolution theorem. We provide an example of application of image processing using the $C-$ functions and the convolutions for spatial filtering of the treated image.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Imperfective in Ga (Kwa)
Creators: name: Renans, Agata
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper discusses the semantics of imperfective aspect in Ga focusing on its progressive interpretation. The data from Ga show the existence of the cross-categorial definite determiner that can attach either to the NP or to the VP. I argue that in order to account for the data one needs the same domain restriction mechanisms in the verbal domain as in the nominal domain. I claim that a progressive interpretation in Ga is the result of domain restriction mechanisms in the verbal domain which is modeled in terms of situation semantics in line with domain restriction mechanisms in the nominal domain.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
At most at last
Creators: name: Penka, Doris
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Recent pragmatic accounts derive the ignorance inferences to which superlative modifiers give rise as quantity implicatures in a neo-Gricean framework. While these approaches successfully account for the interaction of at least with modals, the behavior of at most remains a puzzle. I propose that at most is composed of an antonymizing operator and at least and show how this accounts for the interaction of at most with modals and quantifiers in a neo-Gricean framework.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
An X-ray spectral model for clumpy tori in active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Liu, Yuan
name: Li, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an X-ray spectral model for the clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN) using Geant4, which includes the physical processes of the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, Rayleigh scattering, $γ$ conversion, fluorescence line, and Auger process. Since the electrons in the torus are expected to be bounded instead of free, the deviation of the scattering cross section from the Klein-Nishina cross section has also been included, which changes the X-ray spectra by up to 25% below $10$ keV. We have investigated the effect of the clumpiness parameters on the reflection spectra and the strength of the fluorescent line Fe K$α$. The volume filling factor of the clouds in the clumpy torus only slightly influences the reflection spectra, however, the total column density and the number of clouds along the line of sight significantly change the shapes and amplitudes of the reflection spectra. The effect of column density is similar to the case of a smooth torus, while a small number of clouds along the line of sight will smooth out the anisotropy of the reflection spectra and the fluorescent line Fe K$α$. The smoothing effect is mild in the low column density case ($\NH=10^{23}$ cm$^{-2}$), whereas it is much more evident in the high column density case ($\NH=10^{25}$ cm$^{-2}$). Our model provides a quantitative tool for the spectral analysis of the clumpy torus. We suggest that the joint fits of the broad band spectral energy distributions of AGNs (from X-ray to infrared) should better constrain the structure of the torus.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, to be published in Astrophysical Journal
Remote cortical perturbation dynamically changes the network solutions to given tactile inputs in neocortical neurons
Creators: name: Enander, Jonas
name: Etemadi, Leila
name: Jörntell, Henrik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: The neocortex has a globally encompassing network structure, which for each given input constrains the possible combinations of neuronal activations across it. Hence, its network contains solutions. But in addition, the cortex has an ever-changing multidimensional internal state, causing each given input to result in a wide range of specific neuronal activations. Here we use intracellular recordings in somatosensory cortex (SI) neurons of anesthetized rats to show that remote, subthreshold intracortical electrical perturbation can impact such constraints on the responses to a set of spatiotemporal tactile input patterns. Whereas each given input pattern normally induces a wide set of preferred response states, when combined with cortical perturbation response states that did not otherwise occur were induced and consequently made other response states less likely. The findings indicate that the physiological network structure can dynamically change as the state of any given cortical region changes, thereby enabling a rich, multifactorial, perceptual capability.
Subset Comparatives as Comparative Quantifiers
Creators: name: Nussbaum, Miriam
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper is concerned with the meaning of the “subset comparative” construction: John saw more phonologists than just Mary seems to assert that John saw more than one phonologist, and presuppose that John saw Mary (the prejacent) and that Mary is a phonologist. Together, the assertion and the two presuppositions entail that John saw other phonologists in addition to Mary. In this paper, I argue that the meaning can be derived by an extension of the analysis originally proposed by Hackl (2000) for comparative quantifiers like more than three.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Control of open quantum systems: Case study of the central spin model
Creators: name: Arenz, Christian
name: Gualdi, Giulia
name: Burgarth, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the controllability of a central spin guided by a classical field and interacting with a spin bath, showing that the central spin is fully controllable independently of the number of bath spins. Additionally we find that for unequal system-bath couplings even the bath becomes controllable by acting on the central spin alone. We then analyze numerically how the time to implement gates on the central spin scales with the number of bath spins and conjecture that for equal system-bath couplings it reaches a saturation value. We provide evidence that sometimes noise can be effectively suppressed through control.