cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Who Are America's Poor Children? Examining Health Disparities Among Children in the United States
Creators: name: Seith, David C.
name: Isakson, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Poor children
Poor children--Services for
Poor children--Health and hygiene
Public health

description: Good health goes a long way, as research suggests that poor health in childhood not only impedes early child development, but can also have lasting consequences on children's future health and wellbeing. Although many would agree that a health is a fundamental right, children born into low-income families are less likely to enjoy this right. As part of NCCP's Who are America's Poor Children? series, this report draws on the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to provide an overview of the health of America's children by poverty status from 2007 to 2009. To assess health disparities between poor and nonpoor children, it identifies a list of publicly available annual indicators within the following five broad domains of health: environmental health, health insurance coverage, access to healthcare services, behavior, and health outcomes. We find evidence of disparities between poor and nonpoor children within each of these five domains. These findings are consistent with two longstanding conclusions within the field of public health. First, "the relationship between socioeconomic status and health is one of the most robust and well documented findings in social science." Second, this relationship is reciprocal, as poverty detracts from resources used to maintain health, while poor health detracts from the educational and employment paths to income mobility. Following a framework developed by the Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics, this paper suggests five key domains of health: environmental health, health insurance coverage, access to healthcare services, behavior, and health outcomes. While income is one of the leading predictors of health disparities, it is not the only one (and often is associated with other risks). The influences of race and ethnicity, neighborhood safety and collective efficacy, family structure, and many other factors, are also critically important, though not examined here. With the exception of the two readily available survey indicators of reported emotional difficulties and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, we do not examine indicators of social-emotional well-being and mental health.
Historical Photographs from the Glenbow Collection: W.J. Oliver & Rosettis Studios
Creators: name: Dammer, Anita
name: Alexander, Rob
Publisher: name: Libraries and Cultural Resources
Year: 2021
Subjects: Calgary
Historic Calgary Week
W.J. Oliver
Rosettis Studio
photography

description: Highlights of iconic images from early Calgary photographers W. J. Oliver and the Rosettis Studio. William John Oliver, 1887-1954, began his photography career in 1910 as a newspaper photographer for the Morning Albertan and later the Calgary Herald. Opening the W.J. Oliver Photographic Studio in 1912, Bill Oliver went on to become one of Canada’s most well-known adventure, nature, and documentary photographers. The Calgary-based Rosettis Studio, owned by Joe and Kay Rosettis, operated in Calgary from 1943 to 1965. Joe Rosettis worked as a staff photographer for the Kodak Company, Associated Screen News, and the Calgary Herald. Joe later freelanced for the Herald and the Albertan while working as a contract photographer for local corporations, including the Calgary Stampede and the Glenbow Foundation.
TIERNEYFLCUT.pdf
Creators: name: Tierney, Anne Margaret
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: In 2006, a Faculty Learning Community (FLC) was set up at the University of Glasgow (Bell et al, 2006). Using the Miami model proposed by Cox (2004), the purpose of the FLC was two-fold; to bring together a group of University Teachers (UT), a new academic position at the University of Glasgow, introduced in 2002 to incorporate the merger of the university with St. Andrews College of Education, and to allow the UTs to develop their knowledge of the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning (SoTL), which was itself a requirement of progression and promotion within the institution. Twelve UTs from six faculties were chosen to form the FLC. Invitations were sent out to all UTs in the institution (137 in 10 faculties), and 22 applications from UTs in 7 faculties were received. Members of the FLC were selected on the basis of application statement and availability. Starting with a residential retreat which began the process of community building, and following with monthly meetings, each with a particular SoTL theme, the FLC flourished for the twelve months of its existence, and offered the members a community which offered support to them in their struggle with academic identity. The UTLC was the subject of two papers, Bell et al, 2006, which described the origins of the Learning Community, and a second paper (MacKenzie et al, in press) which sought to identify the benefits that came from the twelve months that the UTs spent together. Through interviews and focus groups it became apparent that the UTLC fostered a sense of community for the UTs, and helped them to define an academic identity for themselves, through mutual support and trust within the group. On a practical level, the UTLC also allowed the UTs the opportunity to work together with colleagues outwith their disciplines, and form relationships across faculties, which rarely happen in other situations. This has led to further academic collaborations between subgroups of the UTs that formed the UTLC. This presentation will look at the effect that the UTLC had on the individuals, and, in addition, will offer a personal reflection of the perception of teaching-only academics in a research-intensive institution
This paper was presented at the Academic Identities' conference, University of Strathclyde, 2010.
A Profile of Disconnected Young Adults in 2010
Creators: name: Wight, Vanessa
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Aratani, Yumiko
name: Schwarz, Susan Wile
name: Thampi, Kalyani
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Young adults--Education
Young adults--Social conditions
Young adults--Employment
Young adults--Economic conditions

description: The purpose of this report is to highlight a growing segment of the population who are arriving at young adulthood disconnected from the main pathways leading to economic independence. Arriving at young adulthood in a state of disconnection can have consequences for both young adults and the larger society. Young adults who have low educational attainment or who are out of school or unemployed for extended periods of time may be more likely to engage in delinquent behavior, turn to illegal activities as a source of income, and be incarcerated. The consequences of disconnection may also result in long-term penalties, such as underemployment and lower earnings over the life course. Young adults disconnected for three or more years are about 14 times more likely to be poor and earn about two and one half times less in earnings and are about two to three times less likely to be employed full-time than young adults who had never been disconnected. Disconnectedness experienced during young adulthood may also have serious health consequences. Research shows that different components of disconnectedness, such as having less than high school education or being unemployed is associated with suboptimal health and mental health outcomes. Furthermore, disconnected young adults are more likely to rely on some form of public assistance. Thus, the costs of disconnection to government can include increased transfer payments and social support expenses as well as a decrease in tax revenues from their lack of participation in the labor market. In short, this population deserves our attention given the long-term consequences being disconnected can pose for a successful transition to adulthood.
title: Imperialism
title: Imperialism
Creators: name: Barth, Boris
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Imperialismus
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Imperialism

description: This article focuses on the extent to which imperialism contributed to the outbreak of the First World War. The first part describes the emergence of specific imperialist cultures and attitudes in Europe. The second part deals with economic rivalries, showing that financial imperialism was not identical with formal political expansion. The third part concentrates on the classical field of diplomatic history and the question how much the so-called “concert of Europe” was influenced by imperialist tensions on the periphery. Even if imperialism was one of the crucial factors that led to the Great War, by 1914 nearly all colonial disputes between Germany and Britain had been solved.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Translocation of a polymer chain driven by a dichotomous noise
Creators: name: Fiasconaro, Alessandro
name: Mazo, Juan José
name: Falo, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We consider the translocation of a one-dimensional polymer through a pore channel helped by a motor driven by a dichotomous noise with time exponential correlation. We are interested in the study of the translocation time, mean velocity and stall force of the system as a function of the mean driving frequency. We find a monotonous translocation time, in contrast with the mean velocity which shows a pronounced maximum at a given frequency. Interestingly, the stall force shows a nonmonotonic behavior with the presence of a minimum. The influence of the spring elastic constant to the mean translocation times and velocities is also presented.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Haplochthonius chamela Mahunka & Mejia-Recamier 1998
Creators: name: Ordouni, Fatemeh
name: Ramroodi, Sara
name: Akrami, Mohammad Ali
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Haplochthoniidae
Haplochthonius
Haplochthonius chamela

description: Haplochthonius chamela Mahunka & Mejía-Recamier, 1998
 Material examined – 1♀, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Hamoon wetland, Hamoon county (31° 08' 71" N, 61° 43' 47" E, 609 m a.s.l.), 16 April 2018, leg.: S. Saravani Rad.
 Distribution in Iran – Fars province (Akrami 2015). This is the second record for the fauna of Iran.
 Zoogeographical distribution – Mexico and Iran.
description: Published as part of Ordouni, Fatemeh, Ramroodi, Sara, Akrami, Mohammad Ali & Rakhshani, Ehsan, 2023, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from southeastern Iran, with supplementary description of Verachthonius cf. laticeps (Brachychthoniidae), pp. 173-188 in Persian Journal of Acarology 12 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v12i2.75578, http://zenodo.org/record/10268285
Who are America's Poor Children? The Official Story
Creators: name: Wight, Vanessa
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Aratani, Yumiko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Poor children
Poor families

description: Over 15 million American children live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level, which is $22,050 a year for a family of four. The number of children living in poverty increased by 33 percent between 2000 and 2009. There are 3.8 million more children living in poverty today than in 2000. Not only are these numbers troubling, the official poverty measure tells only part of the story. Research consistently shows that, on average, families need an income of about twice the federal poverty level to make ends meet. Children living in families with incomes below this level — for 2010, $44,100 for a family of four — are referred to as low income. Forty-two percent of the nation‘s children — more than 31 million in 2009 — live in low-income families. Nonetheless, eligibility for many public benefits is based on the official poverty measure. This fact sheet describes some of the characteristics of American children who are considered poor by the official standard.
title: Propaganda at Home (Italy)
title: Propaganda at Home (Italy)
Creators: name: Pisa, Beatrice
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Italien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Propaganda
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Propaganda
subject: Italy

description: The Italian government, in line with its liberal political views, in the early stages of the conflict left the material and spiritual mobilization, as well as domestic propaganda, under the control of bourgeois associations. Only in the second half of the conflict, with the unexpected prolongation of the war and the worsening military situation, did the state begin a more effective and modern propaganda among the troops and among the lower social classes, promising and introducing more social protection and by presenting the image of the enemy in a more extreme form. These measures were accompanied by the harsh repression of the manifestations of defeatism. However, despite these efforts, Italy never achieved the political unity found in the nations at war, thus favouring the development of the rifts that would have characterized the country in the post-war period.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Basic Facts About Low-income Children, 2009: Children Aged 12 through 17
Creators: name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Thampi, Kalyani
name: Wight, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Poor children
Teenagers
Poor families
Poverty
Poverty--Measurement

description: Children represent 25 percent of the population. Yet, they comprise 36 percent of all people in poverty. Among children, 42 percent live in low-income families and 21 percent live in poor families. Among our oldest children, adolescents aged 12 through 17, 38 percent live in low-income families and 17 percent live in poor families. Winding up in a low-income or poor family does not happen by chance. There are significant factors related to children's experiences with economic insecurity, such as race/ethnicity and parents' education and employment. This fact sheet describes the demographic, socio-economic, and geographic characteristics of adolescents and their parents, highlighting the important factors that appear to distinguish low-income and poor children in this age group from their less disadvantaged counterparts.
Segmental hair analysis for flunitrazepam and 7-aminoflunitrazepam in users: a comparison to existing literature
Creators: name: Zhuo, Yue
name: Xiang, Ping
name: Wu, Jingjie
name: Wang, Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The availability of more quantitative data on flunitrazepam (FLU) and 7-aminoflunitrazepam (7AF) would aid in obtaining a better understanding of the interpretation of FLU concentrations in human hair. The purpose of this study was to provide concentrations of FLU and 7AF in hair segments of 22 flunitrazepam users. Quantitative data regarding hair concentrations of FLU and 7AF from various types of cases were also reviewed to give a comprehensive overview of the comparability of different studies. Three to six 1 cm segments of scalp hair from 22 flunitrazepam users were analyzed by a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. FLU and its metabolite were confirmed in the hair segments from all cases. Concentrations of FLU and 7AF in the segments ranged from 0.01–0.16 ng/mg (median of 0.03) and 0.01–0.34 ng/mg (median of 0.09), respectively. Most cases had FLU and 7AF distributions along the hair segments that were suggestive of repeated drug use. A summary of the published concentrations gives valuable data and can assist forensic investigators in their estimations of drug use history and patterns.Key pointsA method using LC–MS/MS to quantify flunitrazepam and its metabolite was described.Segmental analysis of FLU and its metabolite in human hair was reported.A comprehensive overview of quantitative data was given. A method using LC–MS/MS to quantify flunitrazepam and its metabolite was described. Segmental analysis of FLU and its metabolite in human hair was reported. A comprehensive overview of quantitative data was given.
Dunajski-Tod equation and reductions of the generalized dispersionless 2DTL hierarchy
Creators: name: Bogdanov, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We transfer the scheme for constructing differential reductions recently developed for the Manakov-Santini hierarchy to the case of the two-component generalization of dispersionless 2DTL hierarchy. We demonstrate that the equation arising as a result of the simplest reduction is equivalent (up to a Legendre type transformation) to the Dunajski-Tod equation, locally describing general ASD vacuum metric with conformal symmetry. We consider higher reductions and corresponding reduced hierarchies also.
description: 14 pages, minor corrections, references added
Adolescent Obesity in the United States: Facts for Policymakers
Creators: name: Schwarz, Susan Wile
name: Peterson, Jason
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Obesity in adolescence
Overweight teenagers
Health behavior in adolescence
Teenagers--Health and hygiene

description: Adolescent obesity in the United States has many important implications for both the health and well-being of the individual and society. Specific negative impacts of obesity on health include increased susceptibility to a host of diseases, chronic health disorders, psychological disorders, and premature death, which in turn add billions of dollars in health care costs each year. Excess medical costs due to overweight adolescents are estimated at more than $14 billion per year. Furthermore, adolescent obesity affects our nation's ability to protect itself; more than a quarter of 17- to 24-year-olds are not fit to enroll in the military due to their weight. Adolescence is a crucial period for establishing healthy behaviors. Many of the habits formed during this developmental stage will last well into adulthood. Although obesity is a complex problem not yet fully understood by researchers, by addressing the known factors that contribute to obesity in adolescence, policymakers can help ensure a healthy and productive adulthood for our nation's youth. Obesity and poor nutrition — combined with mental health disorders and emotional problems, violence and unintentional injury, substance use, and reproductive health problems — form part of a complex web of potential challenges to adolescents' healthy emotional and physical development.
title: House of Morgan
title: House of Morgan
Creators: name: Kemp, Kathryn
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. J. P. Morgan and Co.
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: J. P. Morgan and Co.
subject: o.P. J.P. Morgan & Co.
subject: World War, 1914-1918

description: An international banking and brokerage house, J. P. Morgan & Company came to world prominence under the leadership of the financier John Pierpont Morgan and included firms in London, Paris, and New York. The House of Morgan assisted in Allied finance and acquisition of material while the United States was neutral at the beginning of World War I.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Designing for Technology-Enabled Learning Environments
Creators: name: Hartwell, Amber
name: Brown, Barbara
name: Hanlon, Patrick
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2021
Subjects: blended learning
online learning
hybrid learning
instructional design
higher education

description: This working document is for instructors designing technology-enabled learning environments. Six possible approaches for course delivery consideration are illustrated. Each approach highlights some possibilities, requirements, challenges, scenarios, and related literature references. With each scenario, consideration for context (class size, location, etc.), pedagogical approach, and resource accessibility is recommended.
title: Askari
title: Askari
Creators: name: Moyd, Michelle
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Askari
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns--Africa, East
subject: Germany
subject: Soldiers

description: ''Askari'' is a word that means “soldier” or “police” in Kiswahili, Arabic, Turkish and a number of other languages. Colonial powers in many parts of eastern, central and southern Africa used the term widely to refer to the African soldiers who fought in their armies in Africa. During World War I, ''askari ''of the German East African colonial army, the ''Schutztruppe'', gained a reputation as highly effective and dedicated troops. Following Germany’s defeat, a “loyal ''askari''” myth developed that celebrated their service to Germany, while ignoring the negative effects of colonial rule on the peoples of German East Africa.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
SNAP Take-up Among Immigrant Families with Children
Creators: name: Skinner, Curtis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Immigrant families
Poor families
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: Drawing on household data from the 2009 American Community Survey and administrative data from the SNAP program, this report compares selected characteristics of immigrant families participating and not participating in the SNAP program with those of native families.
Anderson localization of pairs in bichromatic optical lattices
Creators: name: Dufour, Gabriel
name: Orso, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of bound states made of two interacting atoms moving in a one dimensional (1D) quasi-periodic optical lattice. We derive the quantum phase diagram for Anderson localization of both attractively and repulsively bound pairs. We calculate the pair binding energy and show analytically that its behavior as a function of the interaction strength depends crucially on the nature -extended, multi-fractal, localized- of the single-particle atomic states. Experimental implications of our results are discussed.
description: final revised version with more explanations, 4 pages, 3 figures
title: War Losses (Italy)
title: War Losses (Italy)
Creators: name: Scolè, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Italien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsverlust
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Italy
subject: War casualties

description: The article examines the Italian losses in the Great War 1914-1918. Regarding the military, indications are given about the losses in relation to the population and the number of men mobilized, the distribution per year, the causes, the different war fronts and the various units and special forces, as well as the geographical origin. As regards the civilians, consideration has been given to the victims of air and naval bombing, maritime war, the population of the territories occupied by the enemy, and finally, the mortality caused by the "Spanish" influenza during the last months of the conflict which produced more victims in the population and the troops than the instruments of war had done in the preceding years.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Agrochemical-mediated cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos/larvae: What we do and where we go
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
name: Tao, Yue
name: Li, Zixu
name: Cui, Yunhe
name: Zhang, Jinzhu
name: Zhang, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The massive application of agrochemicals and associated environmental residues greatly threaten human health. Cardiac dysfunction, as a major contributing factor to human mortality, is increasingly reported in health risk assessments to be associated with agrochemical exposure. In this mini-review, we summarize the cardiotoxicity of various agrochemicals including herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and acaricides on zebrafish embryos/larvae and systematically discuss the role of cardiac development-related pathway disorders, imbalance in Ca2+ homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and general negative effects such as oxidative stress and apoptosis. Moreover, the crosstalk identified in combined analysis of predisposing factors of cardiac dysfunction not only explains the coexistence of multiple negative effects after agrochemical exposure, but also helps researchers identify key factors in predisposing cardiotoxicity as well as provides a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of certain congenital cardiac diseases.
Improving Supports for Parents of Young Children: State-level Initiatives
Creators: name: Higgins, Louisa B.
name: Stagman, Shannon M.
name: Smith, Sheila
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Family services
Family services--U.S. states
Parents--Services for
Child development

description: Most states are working to strengthen supports for young children's health and development across the different systems that affect family and child wellbeing. Increasingly, efforts to support parenting are an important focus of this work. While states' strategies are varied, most strive to provide families with information and access to programs that help parents keep their children safe and healthy while nurturing their development and promoting their school readiness. These efforts make a great deal of sense in view of growing evidence that parents and young children can benefit in many ways from parent education, and that children in families experiencing economic hardship are at higher risk of poor health and educational outcomes in the absence of parenting supports. New federal funding for home-visiting programs, along with the cross-systems planning being carried out by states' Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems (ECCS) initiatives and Early Childhood Advisory Councils, create new opportunities for states to strengthen supports for parents with young children. At the same time, this area of work is likely to pose special challenges for states. One challenge is the still limited evidence concerning effective programs. Another is that stakeholders may lack information about the full array of existing programs in their state and the extent to which these programs are meeting the needs of different types of families. States also face the complex task of identifying resources and opportunities in different systems that could be marshaled to strengthen parenting supports along the continuum from promotion to intervention. This issue brief presents information that states can use as they address these challenges and opportunities.
Online Reflective Diaries Using Technology to Strengthen the Learning Experience ButlerTatnerTierney
Creators: name: butler, eamonn
name: Tatner, Mary
name: Tierney, Anne Margaret
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: Internet based technologies have benefits for students and staff in terms of time and information sharing. Students at the University of Glasgow were required to engage in reflective writing, with tutor support, as part of their course assessment. We examine the benefits of this approach in fostering a deep, holistic approach to learning, student contribution to course development through this reflection, and the issues in support of these activities.
Basic Facts About Low-income Children, 2009: Children Under Age 6
Creators: name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Thampi, Kalyani
name: Wight, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Poor children
Poor families
Poverty
Poverty--Measurement

description: Children represent 25 percent of the population. Yet, they comprise 36 percent of all people in poverty. Among children, 42 percent live in low-income families and nearly one in every five live in poor families. Young children under age 6 appear to be particularly vulnerable with 46 percent living in low-income and 24 percent living in poor families. Winding up in a low-income or poor family does not happen by chance. There are significant factors related to children's experiences with economic insecurity, such as race/ethnicity and parents' education and employment. This fact sheet describes the demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic characteristics of young children and their parents — highlighting the important factors that appear to distinguish low-income and poor children in this age group from their less disadvantaged counterparts.
Additive-Decomposition-Based Output Feedback Tracking Control for Systems with Measurable Nonlinearities and Unknown Disturbances
Creators: name: Quan, Quan
name: Cai, Kai-Yuan
name: Lin, Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a new control scheme, called as additive-decomposition-based tracking control, is proposed to solve the output feedback tracking problem for a class of systems with measurable nonlinearities and unknown disturbances. By the additive decomposition, the output feedback tracking task for the considered nonlinear system is decomposed into three independent subtasks: a pure tracking subtask for a linear time invariant (LTI) system, a pure rejection subtask for another LTI system and a stabilization subtask for a nonlinear system. By benefiting from the decomposition, the proposed additive-decomposition-based tracking control scheme i) can give a potential way to avoid conflict among tracking performance, rejection performance and robustness, and ii) can mix both design in time domain and frequency domain for one controller design. To demonstrate the effectiveness, the output feedback tracking problem for a single-link robot arm subject to a sinusoidal or a general disturbance is solved respectively, where the transfer function method for tracking and rejection and backstepping method for stabilization are applied together to the design.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Application of nano-structured silica technology and modified starch biopolymers into highly precipitated calcium carbonate filled mechanical grade paper
Creators: name: Sang, Yizhou
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Increasing loading level of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) in high value added communication-grade papers from bleached thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) beyond the current level not only further reduces the production cost but also mitigates the shortage of good quality wood fibres. This thesis explores the possibility to retain increased amounts of PCC by taking advantage of the most recent developments in starch and nanoparticle technologies. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the addition strategy of chemicals and evaluate their effects in laboratory trials using mill samples. Empirical process models were also constructed to predict the retention and drainage results. It was found that linear high charge cationic starch S880 always resulted in highest retention for PCC preflocculation strategy and best drainage performance regardless of conventional chemical addition sequence or PCC preflocculation strategy. PCC preflocculation by starch resulted in higher breaking length and burst indices compared to the conventional chemical addition sequence. The relationship among starch properties, process conditions, and floc properties was established through the investigation of PCC aggregation kinetic and floc structure evolution to allow the judicious selection of starch for PCC preflocculation. The population balance modelling approach was adopted to describe PCC flocculation. It was found that the linear high charge cationic starch S880 is associated with lower collision efficiency; lower restructure rate and higher energy dissipation rate to break up the flocs compared to the low charge cationic starch S858. The presence of NaCl was found to affect the high charge cationic starch S880 but had no influence on the low charge cationic starch S858. The collision efficiency decreases with the increase of the shear rate for both starches. The knowledge of the floc aggregation, breakage and restructure under various process conditions is expected to enable the manipulation of the floc with specified size, strength, and structure for better retention and drainage.
Constraining Sources of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Using High Energy Observations with the Fermi Satellite
Creators: name: Pe'er, Asaf
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the conditions that enable acceleration of particles to ultra-high energies, ~10^{20} eV (UHECRs). We show that broad band photon data recently provided by WMAP, ISOCAM, Swift and Fermi satellites, yield constraints on the ability of active galactic nuclei (AGN) to produce UHECRs. The high energy (MeV - GeV) photons are produced by Compton scattering of the emitted low energy photons and the cosmic microwave background or extra-galactic background light. The ratio of the luminosities at high and low photon energies can therefore be used as a probe of the physical conditions in the acceleration site. We find that existing data excludes core regions of nearby radio-loud AGN as possible acceleration sites of UHECR protons. However, we show that giant radio lobes are not excluded. We apply our method to Cen A, and show that acceleration of protons to ~10^{20} eV can only occur at distances >~ 100 kpc from the core.
description: Extended discussion on former results; Accepted for publication in JCAP
title: Garfield, Harry Augustus
title: Garfield, Harry Augustus
Creators: name: Archer, Kenna Lang
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Garfield, Harry Augustus
subject: Garfield, Harry Augustus, 1863-1942

description: Harry Garfield worked in a number of civic positions during his life. When the United States entered World War I, President Woodrow Wilson asked him to oversee the Fuel Administration. As the leader of the Fuel Administration, Garfield successfully managed America’s fuel resources and resolved labor unrest.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: House, Edward Mandell
title: House, Edward Mandell
Creators: name: Brown, Gates
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: House, Edward Mandell
subject: House, Edward Mandell, 1858-1938

description: Edward House was an advisor to President Woodrow Wilson. He aided Wilson in diplomatic matters and in crafting the Fourteen Points that became the framework for the League of Nations.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Generalized Lenard Chains, Separation of Variables and Superintegrability
Creators: name: Tempesta, Piergiulio
name: Tondo, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the notion of generalized Lenard chains naturally allows formulation of the theory of multi-separable and superintegrable systems in the context of bi-Hamiltonian geometry. We prove that the existence of generalized Lenard chains generated by a Hamiltonian function defined on a four-dimensional ωN manifold guarantees the separation of variables. As an application, we construct such chains for the Hénon-Heiles systems and for the classical Smorodinsky-Winternitz systems. New bi-Hamiltonian structures for the Kepler potential are found.
description: 14 pages Revtex
Zener tunneling isospin Hall effect in HgTe quantum wells and graphene multilayers
Creators: name: Lasia, Martha
name: Prada, Elsa
name: Brey, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Zener diode is a paradigmatic device in semiconductor-based electronics that consists of a pn junction where an external electric field induces a switching behavior in the current-voltage characteristics. We study Zener tunneling in HgTe quantum wells and graphene multilayers. We find that the tunneling transition probability depends asymmetrically on the parallel momentum of the carriers to the barrier. In HgTe quantum wells the asymmetry is the opposite for each spin, whereas for graphene multilayers it is the opposite for each valley degree of freedom. In both cases, a spin/valley current flowing in the perpendicular direction to the applied field is produced. We relate the origin of this Zener tunneling spin/valley Hall effect to the Berry phase acquired by the carriers when they are adiabatically reflected from the gapped region.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Major changes. The message has been revised and expanded
title: Baruch, Bernard Mannes
title: Baruch, Bernard Mannes
Creators: name: Brown, Gates
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Baruch, Bernard M.
subject: Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965

description: At the beginning of World War I, Bernard Baruch was one of the most famous Wall Street traders in the nation. During World War I, he served as President Wilson’s Advisory Commission to the Council on National Defense. In 1918, he was chair of the War Industries Board. Baruch also accompanied President Wilson to the Paris Peace Conference. He remained involved in national politics after the war, advising every administration until his death in 1965.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Cryptacarus promecus Grandjean 1950
Creators: name: Ordouni, Fatemeh
name: Ramroodi, Sara
name: Akrami, Mohammad Ali
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Lohmanniidae
Cryptacarus
Cryptacarus promecus

description: Cryptacarus promecus Grandjean, 1950
 Material examined – 2♀♀, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Khamak village, Zahak county (30° 55' 37" N, 61° 37' 22" E, 483 m a.s.l.), Convolvulus arvensis L., 3 November 2019, leg.: Z. Daneshzaei.
 Distribution in Iran – Fars and Khuzestan provinces (Akrami 2015).
 Zoogeographical distribution – Southern Palaearctic (Mediterranean and western central Asia), Ethiopian and Mexico.
description: Published as part of Ordouni, Fatemeh, Ramroodi, Sara, Akrami, Mohammad Ali & Rakhshani, Ehsan, 2023, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from southeastern Iran, with supplementary description of Verachthonius cf. laticeps (Brachychthoniidae), pp. 173-188 in Persian Journal of Acarology 12 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v12i2.75578, http://zenodo.org/record/10268285
Key Readings on Policy Levers to Promote Social Inclusion and Respect for Diversity in Early Childhood
Creators: name: Romero, Mariajose
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Multiculturalism
Multicultural education
Early childhood education

description: This resource includes a sample of research and policy books, articles, reports, and other resources reporting findings and lessons learned on the viability and effectiveness of various policy strategies to infuse a social inclusion and respect for diversity (SI & RD) perspective in early childhood education in the U.S.
title: Coronel, Battle of
title: Coronel, Battle of
Creators: name: Leipold, Andreas
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Coronel / Seeschlacht
subject: Coronel, Battle of, 1914

description: On 1 November 1914, the German East Asiatic Cruiser Squadron defeated the 4th British Cruiser Squadron near the harbour of Coronel, Chile.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Prediction of gas hydrate equilibrium
Creators: name: Amir-Sardary, Babak
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis studies the application of Statistical Association Fluid Theory (SAFT) in the prediction of hydrate formation conditions. The main objective is to develop a robust, reliable and purely predictive model for calculating the formation of single hydrates former gases. The current study is based on the use of the algorithm proposed by Englezos et al. (1991). Simplified SAFT (Fu & Sandler 1995) was employed to model the vapor and liquid phases as well as the van der Waals-Platteew model to represent the hydrate phase. The predictive ability of the model was investigated on single hydrate formers in the presence of inhibitors. With this end in mind, the inhibiting effects of methanol and ethylene glycol on methane, ethane, propane and carbon dioxide incipient hydrate forming were studied. The calculated results were compared to the experimental data obtained from the literature. A deviation of less than 10% in pressure or 1℃ in temperature was desired. Additionally, the phase equilibria of water-methanol, methanol-methaen, methanol-ethane and methanol-propane were also studied. Excellent results were obtained from incipient hydrate calculations and the SAFT equation of state was found to be highly capable of tackling non-ideal mixtures such as water-alcohol and water-alcohol-hydrocarbon systems. Estimation of the SAFT pure component parameters and the temperature range over which the SAFT parameters are estimated was found to be crucial. To overcome this issue, several parameters were estimated over various different temperature ranges, and the one which provided the smallest average absolute deviation was selected.
title: Film/Cinema (Australia)
title: Film/Cinema (Australia)
Creators: name: Reynaud, Daniel
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Australien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Film
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Australia
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Motion pictures and the war

description: Australian cinema experienced a war of two halves during 1914-1918. The start was dominated by war dramas funded through private enterprise, telling sensational stories largely derived from British military traditions, and creating valuable free propaganda for the government. When their popularity died suddenly in early 1916, government-sponsored war documentaries took over, serving as both info-propaganda and fundraisers for the war effort. Post-war, cinema was a key propagator of the evolving Anzac legend, with its distinctively Australian identity. Its growing potency as the central national myth was most effectively articulated through cinema in the 1980s.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Who Are America‘s Poor Children? Examining Food Insecurity Among Children in the United States
Creators: name: Wight, Vanessa
name: Thampi, Kalyani
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Poor children
Poor families
Food security
Poverty

description: Fourteen million children live in poor families (that is, families with income below the federal poverty level, which is $22,050 a year for a family of four in 2009). There is a wide body of research documenting the importance of family income for children‘s health and well-being. Yet, research suggests that families with income twice the poverty threshold experience as many material hardships as poor families, such as food insecurity, inadequate housing, and insufficient health care. These findings are alarming and underscore the degree to which income-based measures of impoverishment mask experiences with material deprivation that are widespread and transcend the standard thresholds that define poverty. The focus of this report is on one type of material hardship — food insecurity — highlighting an important, but sometimes overlooked, dimension of impoverishment. This topic has taken on added significance recently as overall wealth in the United States is on the rise while record numbers of Americans are experiencing food insecurity, or the lack of consistent access to adequate food. Children exposed to food insecurity are of particular concern given the implications scarce food resources pose to children‘s health and well-being. Using data from the 2008 Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement, this report examines what is known about food insecurity among children in the United States today, why this social problem warrants our attention, and the policy solutions that might help families minimize the degree to which they and their children experience this material hardship. In the first section, we define the concept and measurement of food insecurity and assess the proportion of households with children who are food insecure today and how that has changed over the last decade. Next we examine the population of households with food insecurity among children — assessing the causes and consequences associated with this material hardship. The report closes with a discussion of public policy approaches to relieve food insecurity.
title: Sanjak of Novi Pazar
title: Sanjak of Novi Pazar
Creators: name: Scheer, Tamara
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Novi Pazar [Sandschak]
subject: o.P. Novi Pazar (Serbia)

description: Although ''sanjak'' usually means any one of many Ottoman administrative units, one has become known as “the Sanjak.” Following the Treaty of Berlin the Sanjak of Novi Pazar became the symbol of a status quo strategy in the Balkans intended to prevent Serbia and Montenegro from merging. Although part of the Ottoman Empire until 1912, Novi Pazar had an Austro-Hungarian military presence from 1879-1908. It was divided between Serbia and Montenegro in the course of the First Balkan War in 1912 and subject to an Austro-Hungarian occupation regime during World War One.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War