cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decay of the Cosmic Vacuum Energy
Creators: name: Clifton, Timothy
name: Barrow, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In his 2005 review, Gravity and the Thermodynamics of Horizons, Paddy suggested that a vacuum in thermal equilibrium with a bath of radiation should have a gradually diminishing energy. We work through the consequences of this scenario, and find that a coupling between the vacuum and a bath of black-body radiation at the temperature of the horizon requires the Hubble rate, $H$, to approach the same type of evolution as in the "intermediate inflation" scenario, with $H\propto t^{-1/3}$, rather than as a constant. We show that such behaviour does not conflict with observations when the vacuum energy is described by a slowly-rolling scalar field, and when the fluctuations in the scalar field are treated as in the "warm inflation" scenario. It does, however, change the asymptotic states of the universe. We find that the existence of the radiation introduces a curvature singularity at early times, where the energy densities in both the radiation and the vacuum diverge. Furthermore, we show that the introduction of an additional non-interacting perfect fluid into the space-time reveals that radiation can dominate over dust at late times, in contrast to what occurs in the standard cosmological model. Such a coupling can also lead to a negative vacuum energy becoming positive.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. Final version accepted for Padmanabhan birthday volume
Hepatocellular Exposure of Troglitazone Metabolites in Rat Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes Lacking Bcrp and Mrp2: Interplay between Formation and Excretion
Creators: name: Yang, K.
name: Brouwer, K. L. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Inhibition of bile acid transport by troglitazone (TGZ) and its major metabolite, TGZ sulfate (TS), may lead to hepatocellular accumulation of toxic bile acids; TS accumulation and hepatotoxicity may be associated with impaired TS biliary excretion. This study evaluated the impact of impaired transport of breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) and multidrug resistance–associated protein 2 (Mrp2) on the hepatobiliary disposition of generated metabolites, TS and TGZ glucuronide (TG). Sandwich-cultured hepatocytes (SCH) from Mrp2-deficient (TR–) rats in combination with Bcrp knockdown using RNA interference were employed. The biliary excretion index (BEI) of generated TS was not significantly altered by impaired Bcrp (20.9 to 21.1%) and/or Mrp2 function (24.4% and 17.5% in WT and TR– rat SCH, respectively). Thus, loss-of-function of Mrp2 and/or Bcrp do not appear to be risk factors for increased hepatocellular TS accumulation in rats, potentially because of a compensatory transporter(s) that excretes TS into bile. Further investigations revealed that the compensatory TS biliary transporter was not the bile salt export pump (Bsep) or P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Interestingly, TGZ sulfation was significantly decreased in TR– compared with WT rat SCH (total recovery: 2.8 versus 5.0% of TGZ dose), resulting in decreased hepatocellular TS accumulation, even though sulfotransferase activity in TR– rat hepatocyte S9 fraction was similar. Hepatocellular TG accumulation was significantly increased in TR– compared with WT rat SCH due to increased glucuronidation and negligible TG biliary excretion. These data emphasize that the interplay between metabolite formation and excretion determines hepatocellular exposure to generated metabolites such as TS and TG.
Round Table for Parliamentarians and PA in Brussels
Creators: name: Gottwald, Isolde
name: Kiesel, Megumi
name: Linés, Clara
name: Evangelinou, Betty
name: Rainer, Heimo
name: Ritschard, Elena
name: Gänsdorfer, Nikos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Green Deal
subject: Open Science
subject: Taxonomy

description: This document reports on the event (MS3.2) held at the Vienna House in Brussels on November 6th, 2024. The event, a joint initiative with the Horizon Europe project TETTRIs, was expanded beyond its original format as a roundtable for policymakers.  Titled "Empowering Europe’s Green Deal: Open Science Skills and Taxonomy for Sustainable Innovation," the Stakeholder Forum focused on how Open Science skills can support evidence-based decision-making, with an emphasis on taxonomy and its role in biodiversity conservation and the EU Green Deal.
title: Access to appropriate malaria treatment among children in the Chikhwawa district of Malawi
Creators: name: Ewing, Victoria
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Access to appropriate antimalarial treatment is essential to reduce the impact of malaria - a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Malawi. This study responds to recent calls to improve access to malaria treatment, by providing insight into existing barriers and making suggestions for improvement. It is among a limited number of studies which explore multiple dimensions of access. A mixed-methods approach was taken to investigate the influence of a number of factors on access to appropriate treatment among children in the Chikhwawa district of Malawi. Two cross-sectional household surveys enabled quantification of differences in health facility attendance between two study areas, which differed in terms of distance from health facility and ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Mean costs associated with childhood fever were calculated and compared between study areas. Qualitative methodologies provided insight into caregivers’ behaviour during treatment-seeking and after receiving antimalarials. The study found that individuals engaged in a three-phased approach to treatment-seeking. During Phase 1 caregivers assessed the illness in order to establish the need for care and appropriate action. Phase 2 involved seeking care outside of the home, in most cases from a health facility. However a number of barriers to health facility attendance were identified, including: geographic location, direct and opportunity costs; women's lack of decision-making and financial autonomy; and perceptions of available care. Health facility attendance did not guarantee appropriate treatment. Adverse events, such as vomiting; lack of understanding of the correct dosing schedule; and challenges associated with administering antimalarials to children impacted on adherence. Treatment failure led to Phase 3, which frequently involved returning to the health facility. However, repeated treatment failure, fear of receiving repeated antimalarial treatment, and advice from health facility staff led caregivers to seek alternative sources of care, such as traditional healers. This thesis provides a valuable addition to our knowledge of multiple dimensions of access to appropriate malaria treatment. Caregivers experience a number of barriers during treatment-seeking and utilisation of antimalarials, and equity of access remains a challenge. The issues raised within this thesis are specific and targetable, and the findings indicate the considerable potential impact of strengthening the existing community-based treatment and referral system, community based health education, and diagnosis and treatment at health facility level.
title: Solid-state NMR studies of polymer-drug interactions in pharmaceutical formulations
Creators: name: A. M. Guilbaud, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The development of pharmaceuticals (both drugs and their formulations) requires the characterisation of the materials in their dispensed form. Solid-state NMR is particularly appropriate for studies of such system as it does not require any pre-treatment which might affect the material properties. This methodology also provides a molecular level understanding of intra- and intermolecular bonding as well as the dynamics in pharmaceutical formulations crucial for directing their physical properties, stability, bioavailability and release kinetics of a drug in a composite. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been used to study the drug-polymer interactions in PLGAlpeptide guest systems. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polyesters are unique biodegradable and biocompatible polymers. They are widely applied in drug delivery devices due to their tunable physical properties. In this project, PLGAs with different lactide/glycolide ratios were used as hosts for amino acids and peptide based pharmaceuticals. The dynamics in the pure polymers and the effect of processing on the local dynamics were studied via analysis of CP-kinetics, relaxation times measurements and wide-line separation (WISE). The local dynamics characterised by solid-state NMR were correlated with the bulk properties and composition of the materials. Different aminoacids and peptides were probed to assess the dynamics occurring in the complex arginine containing polypeptide. Their local organisation was derived from the analysis of crystal structures and 2D IH_13C heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) experiments. In the formulations, the nature of the guest and its loading level have a significant effect on the dynamics of the hosts as proven by the variable temperature TIpH time measurements, CPdynamics and WISE. Whereas arginine and ARARAF have been found to increase the local mobility in PLGA, the more complex polypeptide AZD at ca. 10% wt. tends to rigidify the system. These effects were correlated with the bulk properties of the composites. The results suggested a differentiation of the affinity of glycolide or lactide units towards different guests. Finally, the two crystalline forms of a non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin) undergoing polymorphism were characterised by solid-state NMR. Assignments of the complex Be solid-state NMR spectra are presented. Amorphous solids derived from both polymorphs were also investigated. Recrystallisation of the amorphous solid derived from the stable y-polymorph was observed. This can be prevented by dispersing the amorphous drug into an amorphous PVP polymer. In this situation, the organisation and H-bonding of the drug is altered due to the interactions between the drug and the polymer.
Realization of a reversible switching in TaO2 polymorphs via Peierls distortion for resistance random access memory
Creators: name: Zhu, Linggang
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Guo, Zhonglu
name: Sun, Zhimei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition-metal-oxide based resistance random access memory is a promising candidate for next-generation universal non-volatile memories. Searching and designing appropriate new materials used in the memories becomes an urgent task. Here, a new structure with the TaO2 formula was predicted using evolutionary algorithms in combination with first-principles calculations. This new structure having a triclinic symmetry (T-TaO2) is both energetically and dynamically more favorable than the commonly believed rutile structure (R-TaO2). Our hybrid functional calculations show that T-TaO2 is a semiconductor with a band gap of 1.0 eV, while R-TaO2 is a metallic conductor. This large difference in electrical property makes TaO2 a potential candidate for resistance random access memory (RRAM). Furthermore, we have shown that T-TaO2 is actually a Peierls distorted R-TaO2 phase and the transition between these two structures is via a directional displacement of Ta atoms. The energy barrier for the reversible phase transition from R-TaO2 to T-TaO2 is 0.19 eV/atom and the other way around is 0.23 eV/atom, suggesting low power consumption for the resistance switch. The present findings provide a new mechanism for the resistance switch and will also stimulate experimental work to fabricate tantalum oxides based RRAM.
Round Table for Parliamentarians and PA in Brussels
Creators: name: Gottwald, Isolde
name: Kiesel, Megumi
name: Linés, Clara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Green Deal
subject: Open Science
subject: Taxonomy

description: This document reports on the event (MS3.2) held at the Vienna House in Brussels on November 6th, 2024. The event, a joint initiative with the Horizon Europe project TETTRIs, was expanded beyond its original format as a roundtable for policymakers.  Titled "Empowering Europe’s Green Deal: Open Science Skills and Taxonomy for Sustainable Innovation," the Stakeholder Forum focused on how Open Science skills can support evidence-based decision-making, with an emphasis on taxonomy and its role in biodiversity conservation and the EU Green Deal.
Herb-Drug Interactions: Challenges and Opportunities for Improved Predictions
Creators: name: Paine, M. F.
name: Nagar, S.
name: Lin, Y. S.
name: Argikar, A. A.
name: Brantley, S. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Supported by a usage history that predates written records and the perception that “natural” ensures safety, herbal products have increasingly been incorporated into Western health care. Consumers often self-administer these products concomitantly with conventional medications without informing their health care provider(s). Such herb–drug combinations can produce untoward effects when the herbal product perturbs the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters. Despite increasing recognition of these types of herb–drug interactions, a standard system for interaction prediction and evaluation is nonexistent. Consequently, the mechanisms underlying herb–drug interactions remain an understudied area of pharmacotherapy. Evaluation of herbal product interaction liability is challenging due to variability in herbal product composition, uncertainty of the causative constituents, and often scant knowledge of causative constituent pharmacokinetics. These limitations are confounded further by the varying perspectives concerning herbal product regulation. Systematic evaluation of herbal product drug interaction liability, as is routine for new drugs under development, necessitates identifying individual constituents from herbal products and characterizing the interaction potential of such constituents. Integration of this information into in silico models that estimate the pharmacokinetics of individual constituents should facilitate prospective identification of herb–drug interactions. These concepts are highlighted with the exemplar herbal products milk thistle and resveratrol. Implementation of this methodology should help provide definitive information to both consumers and clinicians about the risk of adding herbal products to conventional pharmacotherapeutic regimens.
Jahrestagung der DGA: Der Aufstieg Asiens und die Lage der Asienwissenschaften in Deutschland
Creators: name: Brandt, Carmen
name: Enzweiler, Kai
name: Maags, Christina
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 136 (2015): ASIEN (Juli)
title: Functional and comparative genomics of Enterococcus faecium isolated from animals
Creators: name: Shami, Ashwag
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Enterococci are Gram-positive bacteria that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals as commensal flora. In recent years two species, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, have become an increasing medical concern by virtue of their ability to gain and spread antibiotic resistance. In this study, genomes of vancomycin-resistant isolates of E. faecium from pig, chicken and calf were sequenced using 454 and PacBio platforms. The assembled genomes were annotated and compared with human E. faecium isolates to identify their repertoire of genes potentially associated with colonising each host. Phylogenomics of E. faecium was used to investigate the relationship between animal and human strains. The genomes of the chicken, pig and calf isolates differed in size (2.5 Mb to 3.3 Mb) with the size difference due to horizontally-acquired elements (mostly phage, transposons and insertion sequences); the chicken isolate genome contained five prophages. A mega-plasmid present in each of the sequenced E. faecium was revealed to be integrated into the genome of the chicken isolate. Comparison of the three genomes identified putative niche adaptation genes with a variety of proposed functions, particularly carbohydrate utilisation. Possible factors that explain E. faecium sub-populations, including clinical, commensal and animal isolate clades were examined. Use of the PhenoLink relationship tool to examine the E. faecium sub-populations identified that putative niche specific genes include carbohydrate utilisation genes and mobile genetic elements. Temperate bacteriophages are known to be important drivers of genome plasticity in E. faecium species. The diversity of prophages and their relationship between was investigated after locating 56 prophage elements containing integrase and lysin genes encoded in the 139 publicly available E. faecium genomes. Comparative analysis of these prophages identified eight sequence types, which differed in size and gene content. The prophage genomes comprised between 17 to 72 ORFs and their size ranged from 13.9 to 55.1 kb with 35% to 37.9% average G+C content. Based on alignment analyses of the major functional proteins encoded in the prophage genomes (integrase, terminase large subunit, tail protein and holin) each was assigned a sequence type. All of the prophage integrases were identified to be tyrosine (XerC) recombinases and many of their respective attP/attR sequences were identified. The mosaic nature of E. faecium prophage genome sequence types supports previous hypotheses that extensive genetic recombination drives chimeric phage types.
Metric-Independent Measures for Supersymmetric Extended Object Theories on Curved Backgrounds
Creators: name: Nishino, Hitoshi
name: Rajpoot, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For Green-Schwarz superstring sigma-model on curved backgrounds, we introduce a non-metric measure $Φ\equiv ε^{i j} ε^{I J} (\partial_i φ^I) (\partial_j φ^J)$ with two scalars $φ^I (I = 1, 2)$ used in Two Measure Theory (TMT). As in the flat-background case, the string tension $T= (2 πα' )^{-1}$ emerges as an integration constant for the A_i-field equation. This mechanism is further generalized to supermembrane theory, and to super p-brane theory, both on general curved backgrounds. This shows the universal applications of dynamical measure of TMT to general supersymmetric extended objects on general curved backgrounds.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Democratizing ASEAN through "Alternative Regionalism”?
Creators: name: Rother, Stefan
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: This article is situated in the literature on the democratization of international institutions. The research puzzle presented is how civil society can increase participation in a regional organization with mostly nondemocratic memberstates and which has very limited space for non-state political engagement. This increased participation is seen as a building block for democratization, since it leads to the representation of otherwise marginalized, ignored, or even oppressed groups. The case study examined here is that of a regional organization from the Global South, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) - with its declared goal of becoming a "people-centered" community. Civil society participation can be of particular relevance for such organizations, since some of their memberstates might be far from representing or even listening to the voices of "their people", notably if these individuals belong to marginalized or oppositional groups. Based on the concept of "alternative regionalism" (Igarashi 2011), this article examines the efforts to create and widen the space for civil society participation in ASEAN, its challenges, and the potential for the democratization of this regional organization. It is discussed whether the ASEAN Civil Society Conference/ASEAN Peoples' Forum (ACSC/APF) and the ASEAN Youth Forum (AYF) between them have the potential to democratize ASEAN from below.
description: Asien, Nr. 136 (2015): ASIEN (Juli)
title: Self-evaluation vs. objective performance measures: evaluation of fidelity, presence and training transfer in two helicopter simulator tasks
Creators: name: Wong, Li Ting
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Simulations are widely used in aviation, medical and military training. Simulation fidelity is an important element of simulation training development. This study explores the reliability of self-evaluation of fidelity and training transfer in comparison to objective performance measures in two experiments. In Experiment 1, fifteen participants (aged 20-32, mean= 23.1) completed a target-tracking task in the HELIFLIGHT simulator at the University of Liverpool. They then underwent training on a desktop-based helicopter simulator with basic visuals and a realistic turbine rotor noise as their only motion cues before being re-tested in HELIFLIGHT. Motion cue fidelity was manipulated to explore effects on subjective post-training ratings of fidelity and self-performance. In Experiment 2, eleven participants (aged 22-27, mean= 24.2) performed a hover task in HELIFLIGHT. As in Experiment 1, they then trained on a desktop-simulator before being retested in HELIFLIGHT. Again, cue fidelity was manipulated to explore effects on ratings of fidelity and self-performance, but also on sensation of presence. In both experiments, subjective post-trial ratings were compared with continuously-sampled objective measures. Both experiments showed that participants benefited from transferrable training from desktop simulator to full flight simulator. However, participants could not always reliably evaluate their own performance (Experiment 1). Additionally, participants could not always reliably judge cue fidelity (Experiment 1), and fidelity judgements did not always correspond with objective performance measures (Experiments 1 and 2). Self-evaluation of training also did not reflect objective measures of performance (Experiments 1 and 2), but participants did report greater subjective presence with multisensory motion cues compared to without. These findings contribute to the exploration of suitable metrics for fidelity, presence and performance evaluation.
The Claims of the ASEAN to Human Rights and Democracy
Creators: name: Manea, Maria-Gabriela
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Reacting to the devastating effects of the Asian financial crisis of 1997/8, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has recently increasingly embarked upon a range of reforms aiming at greater regional integration. At the same time, the various states and societies in Southeast Asia have undergone complex political, economic, and social transformations that have led to greater levels of democratization and more empowered civil society actors, as well as new elites. Consequently, the ASEAN leadership has come under both internal and external pressure to become more inclusive in its decision making and to adopt not only greater economic liberalism but also the political dimensions thereof, of which human rights, democracy, and civil society are all essential features. These principles have gradually been included in ASEAN's regional governance architecture. This article focuses on the role of regional civil society (RCS) in this process of transformation, especially regarding the incorporation of human rights into the normative core of ASEAN. Unlike the criticism that has been spread dismissing RCS as a weak and negligible force due to the authoritarian inclination of ASEAN states, argue that RCS has actually consistently developed its capacity to shape human rights regionalism in ASEAN. conclude that RCS exerts always productive power and sometimes also compulsory power - thereby formulating a different regional identity discourse in ASEAN, specifically one that is human rights-conforming. However RCS is indeed weak in terms of institutional and structural power, and thus there is still a long way to go before it becomes a fully empowered actor in the policymaking and political processes of ASEAN.
description: Asien, Nr. 136 (2015): ASIEN (Juli)
Extended-soft-core Baryon-Baryon Model Esc08 II. Hyperon-Nucleon Interactions
Creators: name: Nagels, M. M.
name: Rijken, Th. A.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The YN results are presented from a new version of the Extended-soft-core (ESC) potential model for Baryon-baryon (BB) scattering. The potentials consist of local- and non-local-potentials due to (i) One-boson-exchange (OBE), (ii) Pomeron and Odderon exchanges, (iii) Two pseudoscalar-exchange (PS-PS), and (iv) Meson-Pair-exchange (MPE). The OBE- and MPE-vertices are regulated by gaussian form factors, producing moderate size potentials in the origin. In addition to the mentioned ingredients of the ESC-model, also the possible short range repulsion due to the quark Pauli-principle in the BB-channels is included in the analysis. The NN, YN, and the S=-2 YY scattering is treated in a unified way using flavor SU(3) symmetry. With the ESC08-model a simultaneous fit is performed for the combined NN and YN data, using single sets of parameters. The achievement is a fit with (i) $χ^2/NN_{data}= 1.081$, and (ii) $χ^2/YN_{data}=1.08$.
[5 Ansichten von Prato]
Creators: name: Alinari, Vittorio
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1870

description: PIN. 1093 b. Prato - Chiesa di S. Maria delle Carceri. L'Intero (Giulioano da Gallo)
description: PIN. 10218. Prato - Il Palazzo Pretorio ora dei Tribunali (XIII secolo?)
description: PIN. 10193a. Prato - Chiesa die S. Maria dekka Carceri l'esterno
description: PIN. 10139 Prato - La Piazza con la Cattedrale (Accresciuta nel 1312 da Giovanni Pisano)
description: Prato No 2350 [...]
description: Es handelt sich bei den Aufnahmen um Albuminabzüge
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation 2024 TIFF
A locally gradient-preserving reinitialization for level set functions
Creators: name: Li, Lei
name: Xu, Xiaoqian
name: Spagnolie, Saverio E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65Z05

description: The level set method commonly requires a reinitialization of the level set function due to interface motion and deformation. We extend the traditional technique for reinitializing the level set function to a method that preserves the interface gradient. The gradient of the level set function represents the stretching of the interface, which is of critical importance in many physical applications. The proposed locally gradient-preserving reinitialization (LGPR) method involves the solution of three PDEs of Hamilton-Jacobi type in succession; first the signed distance function is found using a traditional reinitialization technique, then the interface gradient is extended into the domain by a transport equation, and finally the new level set function is achieved with the solution of a generalized reinitialization equation. We prove the well-posedness of the Hamilton-Jacobi equations, with possibly discontinuous Hamiltonians, and propose numerical schemes for their solutions. A subcell resolution technique is used in the numerical solution of the transport equation to extend data away from the interface directly with high accuracy. The reinitialization technique is computationally inexpensive if the PDEs are solved only in a small band surrounding the interface. As an important application, the LGPR method will enable the application of the local level set approach to the Eulerian Immersed boundary method.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
A classification of Nichols algebras of semi-simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules over non-abelian groups
Creators: name: Heckenberger, I.
name: Vendramin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05, 20F55

description: Over fields of arbitrary characteristic we classify all braid-indecomposable tuples of at least two absolutely simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules over non-abelian groups such that the group is generated by the support of the tuple and the Nichols algebra of the tuple is finite-dimensional. Such tuples are classified in terms of analogs of Dynkin diagrams which encode much information about the Yetter-Drinfeld modules. We also compute the dimensions of these finite-dimensional Nichols algebras. Our proof uses the Weyl groupoid of a tuple of simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules.
description: 61 pages, 4 tables. Final version. Accepted for publication in J. Europ. Math. Soc
Mapping Pakistan's Heterogeneous, Diverse, and Stratified Civil Society and Democratization
Creators: name: Fleschenberg, Andrea
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Pakistan's civil society is marked by diversity in its forms of and spaces for agency, organization/institutionalization setup, value systems, agenda-setting, and the profiles of its constituent members - ranging from critical public intellectuals and dissident citizens to donor civil society organizations, grassroots movements, and socially segmented, as well as politically engineered, sociopolitical movements, among others. This leads to what can be understood as civil society being a highly heterogeneous, diverse, stratified field, one subject to the need to navigate through, and cope with, multiple sociopolitical cleavages, an often adverse sociopolitical climate, cycles of autocratic regression and fragile democratization attempts, rentier mentalities, as well as the securitization impact of multiple conflict dynamics and processes, to name just a few bedfellows. One of the primary consequences of civil society's configurations is the paucity of cross-cutting potential for solidarity, agency, and transformation, as apparent in the protests of Qadri and Imran Khan in Islamabad in 2014 or in the 2007/2008 Lawyer's Movement - actors all claiming a democratization agenda as their own. A certain exception, the author argues, are parts of the equally diverse and heterogenous women's movement, part of civil society as a whole (as well as its gendered segment), who are collaborating and/or contesting with each other over multiple ideas and projects related to gender democracy and democratization. In this article four different and rather contrasting examples of gender-specific civil society activism will be reviewed, therein analyzing three representative challenges: (i) AASHA (Alliance Against Sexual Harassment Act) - the challenge of cooptation, collaborative politics, and/or lobbying; (ii) Subalterns Act - the challenge of grassroots activism in a stratified, militarized society; (iii) JI women activists - who are challenging transnational gender rhetoric and empowerment concepts through faith-based, party politics-linked activism; and, (iv) The TQK - the challenge of how to fight social invisibility and political marginalization.
description: Asien, Nr. 136 (2015): ASIEN (Juli)
title: Do hedge funds support liquidity in the Government of Canada bond market?
Creators: name: Sandhu, Jabir
name: Vala, Rishi
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2023

description: While Government of Canada bond transactions of hedge funds are typically in the opposite direction to those of other market participants, during the peak period of market turmoil in March 2020, hedge funds sold these bonds, just as other market participants did. This shows that hedge funds can at times contribute to one-sided markets and amplify declines in market liquidity.
description: Les fonds de couverture effectuent habituellement des transactions d’obligations du gouvernement du Canada de sens opposé à celles des autres participants au marché, mais, au plus fort des turbulences de mars 2020, ils ont vendu ces obligations tout comme les autres. Cela montre que ces fonds peuvent parfois contribuer au caractère unilatéral des marchés et amplifier les baisses de la liquidité.
Mice Lacking Three Loci Encoding 14 Glutathione Transferase Genes: A Novel Tool for Assigning Function to the GSTP, GSTM, and GSTT Families
Creators: name: Xiang, Z.
name: Nguyen, M.
name: Kovarova, M.
name: Cyphert, J. M.
name: Latour, A. M.
name: Repenning, P. W.
name: Snouwaert, J. N.
name: Koller, B. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) form a superfamily defined by their ability to catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with electrophilic substrates. These enzymes are proposed to play a critical role in protection of cellular components from damage mediated by reactive metabolites. Twenty-two cytosolic GSTs, grouped into seven families, are recognized in mice. This complexity hinders the assignment of function to a subset or family of these genes. We report generation of a mouse line in which the locus encoding three GST gene families is deleted. This includes the four Gstt genes spanning 65 kb on chromosome 10 and the seven Gstm genes found on a 150 kb segment of DNA chromosome 3. In addition, we delete two Gstp genes on chromosome 19 as well as a third related gene located 15 kb telomeric to Gstp1 and Gstp2, which we identify as a potential new member of this gene family. We show that, despite the loss of up to 75% of total GST activity in some tissues from these animals, the mice are healthy and fertile, with normal life expectancy. The normal development and health of these animals make them an appropriate model for defining the role of these families in redox homeostasis and metabolism of drugs and environmental pollutants.
Calculation Of Phonon Spectra With The FLAPW Method Using Density Functional Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Neukirchen, Alexander
name: Gerhorst, Christian-Roman
name: Michalicek, Gregor
name: Wortmann, Daniel
name: Bihlmayer, Gustav
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: DPG-Frühjahrstagung der Sektion Kondensierte Materie, DPG SKM, Dresden, Germany, 27 Mar 2023 - 31 Mar 2023
description: Computing phonons applying density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) within all-electron DFT methods is a well-known challenge due to the displacement of muffin-tin spheres and sphere-centered basis functions. In this talk, we present our current results of the phonon dispersion based on our implementation of the DFPT approach in the FLEUR code [1] (www.flapw.de), an implementation of the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method. We highlight the good agreement of our preliminary results with phonon dispersions obtained with the finite displacement method for which the FLEUR code has been combined with the phonopy tool (www.phonopy.github.io/phonopy/). We discuss the numerical challenges involved in calculating meV quantites on top of large ground state energies typical for all-electron methods and how we addressed them.
[4 Ansichten von Pozzuoli]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1870

description: No 108 Anfiteatro di Pozzuoli
description: 5720 Pozzuoli. Panorama
description: 5587. Pozzuoli. L'Anfiteatro, monumento rimarchevole per la sua grandezza e solidità
description: 1474 Pozzuoli. Templo di Serapide
description: Es handelt sich bei den Aufnahmen um Albuminabzüge
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation 2024 TIFF
title: Optimization and utilization of in vitro airway models to establish cellular specificity and toxicity of airway toxicants
Creators: name: Fransen, Leonie Francina Hendrina
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: The human small airways have a unique position, morphology and cellular composition within the lung resulting in regional susceptibility to toxicant induced injury. Current in vitro airway models generally lack regional organotypic differentiation. Therefore, this work aimed to optimize in vitro models relevant for small airway toxicity testing and to determine the cellular specificity of small airway toxicants with the overall aim to improve in vitro testing capabilities.

 Primary small airway epithelial cell (SAEC) models were optimized for regional specific differentiation. DCI differentiated primary SAEC showed higher levels of club cell markers compared to basal and PneumaCultTM-ALI differentiated SAEC and were thus identified as most applicable to small airway regional specific toxicity testing. iPSC derived SAEC models did not show sufficient expression of mature airway markers within this thesis and were not further explored. Macrophages and dendritic cells play an important role in small airway responses to toxicants. Therefore, CD34+ and iPSC derived macrophage and dendritic cell models were established and thoroughly characterized using single cell sequencing. Although these models likely represent inflammatory phenotypes, they are relevant for airway toxicity testing.

 Chemical exposures were used to further characterize the in vitro models and identify cellular specificity of exposures. Paraquat (PQ) exposure showed cellular specific effects, as demonstrated by specific gene activation in differentiated primary SAEC and CD34+ derived dendritic cells. Both Basal SAEC and iPSC derived macrophages and dendritic cells did not show a profound effect upon PQ exposure, indicating adequate differentiation is required to detect PQ effects and further efforts are needed for the iPSC models developed within this thesis to be applicable to toxicity testing.

 Overall, this demonstrates the importance and feasibility of organotypic differentiation to establish in vitro models that are applicable to in vitro small airway toxicity testing.
Algebraic structure of the two-qubit quantum Rabi model and its solvability using Bogoliubov operators
Creators: name: Peng, Jie
name: Ren, Zhongzhou
name: Yang, Haitao
name: Guo, Guangjie
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Ju, Guoxing
name: Guo, Xiaoyong
name: Deng, Chaosheng
name: Hao, Guolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found the algebraic structure of the two-qubit quantum Rabi model behind the possibility of its novel quasi-exact solutions with finite photon numbers by analyzing the Hamiltonian in the photon number space. The quasi-exact eigenstates with at most $1$ photon exist in the whole qubit-photon coupling regime with constant eigenenergy equal to single photon energy \hbarω, which can be clear demonstrated from the Hamiltonian structure. With similar method, we find these special "dark states"-like eigenstates commonly exist for the two-qubit Jaynes-Cummings model, with $E=N\hbarω$ (N=-1,0,1,...), and one of them is also the eigenstate of the two-qubit quantum Rabi model, which may provide some interesting application in a simper way. Besides, using Bogoliubov operators, we analytically retrieve the solution of the general two-qubit quantum Rabi model. In this more concise and physical way, without using Bargmann space, we clearly see how the eigenvalues of the infinite-dimensional two-qubit quantum Rabi Hamiltonian are determined by convergent power series, so that the solution can reach arbitrary accuracy reasonably because of the convergence property.
[3 Ansichten von Valence]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1870

description: [Valence. Partie de la Cathédrale]
description: [Dauphiné - Valence]
description: [Valence]
description: Es handelt sich bei den Fotografien um Albuminabzüge
description: Unbekannte/r Fotograf/in
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation 2024 TIFF
A cluster algorithm for Monte Carlo simulations of spin ice
Creators: name: Otsuka, Hiromi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm for Monte Carlo simulations of a nearest-neighbor spin ice model based on its cluster representation. To assess its performance, we estimate a relaxation time, and find that, in contrast to the Metropolis algorithm, our algorithm does not develop spin-freezing. Also, to demonstrate the efficiency, we calculate the spin and charge structure factors, and observe pinch points in a high-resolution color map. We then find that Debye screening works among defects and brings about short-range correlations, and that the deconfinement transition triggered by a fugacity of defects $z$ is dictated by a singular part of the free-energy density $f_{\rm s}\propto z$.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Risk Factors for Development of Cholestatic Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Inhibition of Hepatic Basolateral Bile Acid Transporters Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins 3 and 4
Creators: name: Kock, K.
name: Yang, K.
name: Swaan, P. W.
name: Urban, T. J.
name: Ferslew, B. C.
name: Stewart, P. W.
name: Brouwer, K. L. R.
name: Netterberg, I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Impaired hepatic bile acid export may contribute to development of cholestatic drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP) 3 and 4 are postulated to be compensatory hepatic basolateral bile acid efflux transporters when biliary excretion by the bile salt export pump (BSEP) is impaired. BSEP inhibition is a risk factor for cholestatic DILI. This study aimed to characterize the relationship between MRP3, MRP4, and BSEP inhibition and cholestatic potential of drugs. The inhibitory effect of 88 drugs (100 μM) on MRP3- and MRP4-mediated substrate transport was measured in membrane vesicles. Drugs selected for investigation included 50 BSEP non-inhibitors (24 non-cholestatic; 26 cholestatic) and 38 BSEP inhibitors (16 non-cholestatic; 22 cholestatic). MRP4 inhibition was associated with an increased risk of cholestatic potential among BSEP non-inhibitors. In this group, for each 1% increase in MRP4 inhibition, the odds of the drug being cholestatic increased by 3.1%. Using an inhibition cutoff of 21%, which predicted a 50% chance of cholestasis, 62% of cholestatic drugs inhibited MRP4 (P < 0.05); in contrast, only 17% of non-cholestatic drugs were MRP4 inhibitors. Among BSEP inhibitors, MRP4 inhibition did not provide additional predictive value of cholestatic potential; almost all BSEP inhibitors were also MRP4 inhibitors. Inclusion of pharmacokinetic predictor variables (e.g., maximal unbound concentration in plasma) in addition to percent MRP4 inhibition in logistic regression models did not improve cholestasis prediction. Association of cholestasis with percent MRP3 inhibition was not statistically significant, regardless of BSEP-inhibition status. Inhibition of MRP4, in addition to BSEP, may be a risk factor for the development of cholestatic DILI.
[6 Ansichten von Rimini]
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1870

description: PIN. 15026 Rimini - Arco di Agusto
description: Rimini No 5740 Ponte di Augusto [...]
description: PIN No 15036 Rimini Templo Malatestiani Oggi [...]
description: PIN. 15033 Rimini - Templo Malatestiani Oggi Cattedrale l'Esterno. (Leon Battista Alberti)
description: PIN. 15027 Rimini - Avanzi del Castello Sigismondo o Rocca (1446)
description: PIN. 15029 Rimini - Veduta del Canale r della Citta
description: Es handelt sich bei den Aufnahmen um Albuminabzüge
description: Unbekannt/r Fotograf/in
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation 2024 TIFF
Exponential sums over primes in short intervals and an application to the Waring--Goldbach problem
Creators: name: Huang, Bingrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Λ(n)$ be the von Mangoldt function, $x$ real and $2\leq y \leq x$. This paper improves the estimate on the exponential sum over primes in short intervals \[ S_k(x,y;α) = \sum_{x< n \leq x+y} Λ(n) e\left( n^k α\right) \] when $k\geq 3$ for $α$ in the minor arcs. And then combined with the Hardy--Littlewood circle method, this enables us to investigate the Waring--Goldbach problem of representing a positive integer $n$ as the sum of $s$ $k$th powers of almost equal prime numbers, which improves the results in Wei and Wooley [12].
description: 15 pages. Comments are welcome! arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1409.3450 by other authors
title: A new method for discrete electron tomography
Creators: name: Jiang, Linshu
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores a novel tomographic reconstruction method that utilizes high angle annular dark field (HAADF) images to reconstruct the 3D structure of convex nanoparticles with homogenous composition and demonstrated the reconstruction of Au and Pt catalyst nanoparticles at a resolution of ~0.004nm³ Catalyst nanoparticles play a significant role in so many applications that a thorough understanding of structure-related catalytic performance is required. 2D analysis of such small structures appears to be inadequate and hence an efficient 3D characterization technique at atomic resolution is essential.
title: Roger Casement and national identities : representation, reception, reputation 1904-2006
Creators: name: Campbell, Aisling
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The question of locating Roger Casement, both his Ufe and works, introduces a need to contextualise his representation and reputation in terms of the Irish nation-state, but also concerns the location of Casement the body — the icality of his representation, reputation and reception. Such a view incorporates a sense of his hybrid personal identity, his execution, and most significantly, the manner of his memorialisation through the physicality of repatriation, burial and the theatre and ceremonies of state. A perpetual sense of uncertahity of location hovers around Casement, especially since his xecution in 1916, an uncertainty which is symptomatic in many ways of the problems arising from any application of postcolonial studies to the Irish situation.