cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey VIII. Multiplicity properties of the O-type star population
Creators: name: Sana, H.
name: de Koter, A.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Dunstall, P. R.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Henault-Brunet, V.
name: Apellaniz, J. Maiz
name: Ramirez-Agudelo, O. H.
name: Taylor, W. D.
name: Walborn, N. R.
name: Clark, J. S.
name: Crowther, P. A.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Gieles, M.
name: Langer, N.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Vink, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We analyze the multiplicity properties of the massive O-type star population. With 360 O-type stars, this is the largest homogeneous sample of massive stars analyzed to date. Methods. We use multi-epoch spectroscopy and variability analysis to identify spectroscopic binaries. We also use a Monte-Carlo method to correct for observational biases. Results. We observe a spectroscopic binary fraction of 0.35\pm0.03, which corresponds to the fraction of objects displaying statistically significant radial velocity variations with an amplitude of at least 20km/s. We compute the intrinsic binary fraction to be 0.51\pm0.04. We adopt power-laws to describe the intrinsic period and mass-ratio distributions: f_P ~ (log P)^π (with 0.15 < log P < 3.5) and f_q ~ q^κ with 0.1 < q=M_2/M_1 < 1.0. The power-law indexes that best reproduce the observed quantities are π= -0.45 +/- 0.30 and κ= -1.0\pm0.4. The obtained period distribution thus favours shorter period systems compared to an Oepik law. The mass ratio distribution is slightly skewed towards low mass ratio systems but remains incompatible with a random sampling of a classical mass function. The binary fraction seems mostly uniform across the field of view and independent of the spectral types and luminosity classes. The binary fraction in the outer region of the field of view (r > 7.8', i.e. approx117 pc) and among the O9.7 I/II objects are however significantly lower than expected from statistical fluctuations. Conclusions. Using simple evolutionary considerations, we estimate that over 50% of the current O star population in 30 Dor will exchange mass with its companion within a binary system. This shows that binary interaction is greatly affecting the evolution and fate of massive stars, and must be taken into account to correctly interpret unresolved populations of massive stars.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 23 pages, 20 figures
Josephson $φ$-junctions based on structures with complex normal/ferromagnet bilayer
Creators: name: Bakurskiy, S. V.
name: Klenov, N. V.
name: Karminskaya, T. Yu.
name: Kupriyanov, M. Yu.
name: Golubov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that Josephson devices with nontrivial phase difference $% 0
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
The role of preconditioning in the evolution of open-ocean deep convection
Creators: name: Noh, Y.
name: Cheon, W.G.
name: Raasch, S.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Large-eddy simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Large-eddy simulation of open-ocean deep convection shows that the evolution of convection appears in a fundamentally different pattern, depending on the precondition of the ocean and the magnitude of the surface buoyancy flux. As the intensity of the cyclonic gyre in the ocean under the cooling increases, the pattern of convection is transformed from “distributed convection” to “localized convection.” In localized convection the typical pattern of open-ocean deep convection appears, such as the generation of baroclinic instability and large lateral buoyancy transfer, secondary circulation, restratification, and the breakup of the original cyclonic gyre. On the other hand, in distributed convection small-scale convective plumes appear uniformly over the whole surface similarly to the convective boundary layer without generating the typical features of open-ocean deep convection. Hence, an enormous difference in the generated eddy kinetic energies exists between the two cases. It is also found that a stronger cooling at the sea surface suppresses the transition from distributed convection to localized convection. Dimensional analysis provides the parameters to characterize the pattern of convection, and the critical condition for the transition is estimated by analyzing the numerical results.
Theory of Critical Phenomena with Long-Range Temporal Interaction
Creators: name: Zeng, Shaolong
name: Zhong, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a systematic theory for the critical phenomena with memory in all spatial dimensions, including $dd_c$, the upper critical dimension. We show that the Hamiltonian plays a unique role in dynamics and the dimensional constant $\mathfrak{d}_t$ that embodies the intimate relationship between space and time is the fundamental ingredient of the theory. However, its value varies with the space dimension continuously and vanishes exactly at $d=4$, reflecting reasonably the variation of the amount of the temporal dimension that is transferred to the spatial one with the strength of fluctuations. Such variations of the temporal dimension save all scaling laws though the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is violated. Various new universality classes emerge.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure. Version 2: 41 pages, 1 figure. Clarify the origin of the memory
Two Epochs of Globular Cluster Formation from Deep Fields Luminosity Functions: Implications for Reionization and the Milky Way Satellites
Creators: name: Katz, Harley
name: Ricotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ages of globular clusters in our own Milky Way are known with precision of about \pm 1 Gyr, hence their formation at redshifts z>~3 and their role in hierarchical cosmology and the reionization of the intergalactic medium remain relatively undetermined. Here we analyze the effect of globular cluster formation on the observed rest-frame UV luminosity functions (LFs) and UV continuum slopes of high redshift galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Fields. We find that the majority of present day globular clusters have formed during two distinct epochs: at redshifts z ~ 2-3 and at redshifts z>~6. The birth of proto-GC systems produce the steep, faint-end slopes of the galaxy LFs, and because the brightness of proto-GCs fades 5 Myrs after their formation, their blue colors are in excellent agreement with observations. Our results suggest that: i) the bulk of the old globular cluster population with estimated ages >~12 Gyr (about 50% of the total population), formed in the relatively massive dwarf galaxies at redshifts z>~6; ii) proto-GC formation was an important mode of star formation in those dwarf galaxies, and likely dominated the reionization process. Another consequence of this scenario is that some of the most massive Milky Way satellites may be faint and yet undiscovered because tidal stripping of a dominant GC population precedes significant stripping of the dark matter halos of these satellites. This scenario may alleviate some remaining tensions between CDM simulations and observations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to MNRAS
ADWICE: Advanced diagnosis and warning system for aircraft icing environments
Creators: name: Tafferner, A.
name: Hauf, T.
name: Leifeld, C.
name: Hafner, T.
name: Leykauf, H.
name: Voigt, U.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Advanced Diagnosis and Warning System for Aircraft Icing Environments (ADWICE)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: This paper describes the design of the Advanced Diagnosis and Warning System for Aircraft Icing Environments (ADWICE) and presents results for two different icing weather situations with typical icing conditions. ADWICE has been in development since 1998 through the joint cooperation of the Institute for Atmospheric Physics at the German Aerospace Center (DLR), the German Weather Service (DWD), and the Institute for Meteorology and Climatology of the University of Hannover (IMUK). ADWICE uses information from different data sources in order to identify atmospheric environments that are potentially hazardous for aircraft icing. Forecast data from the operational Local Model (LM) of the DWD, with a horizontal grid spacing of 7 km covering the domain of central Europe, are combined with radar data and routine weather observations from the surface station network for this purpose. Algorithms developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) that take into account different weather scenarios use the LM forecast fields of temperature, humidity, and pressure to provide first-guess icing information at LM grid points. This first-guess field is then subjected to a scenario correction in which a consistency check is performed through the combined use of the radar data and present weather reports. A final correction of the icing volume is achieved through surface observations of cloudiness and ceiling. For all diagnosed icing points the intensity of icing is derived from a formula that provides an adiabatic estimate of cloud liquid water from water vapor saturation mixing ratio at cloud base and forecast mixing ratios from the LM. Results are presented for a typical case of freezing rain and another one in which pilot reports (PIREPs) of icing are available for comparison. These PIREPS have been collected together with other relevant meteorological data during a testing phase from January to May 2001 in which ADWICE has been run in an operational environment at the DWD. Although ADWICE produces plausible icing fields, uncertainty remains with regard to providing an estimate of the icing intensity at a particular flight level. Taking cloud liquid water as forecast by the LM model directly as a measure of icing intensity instead of the estimate provided by the formula, however, produces poor results, as the comparison with PIREPs indicates.
Results on sub-GeV Dark Matter from a 10 eV Threshold CRESST-III Silicon Detector
Creators: name: CRESST Collaboration
name: Angloher, G.
name: Banik, S.
name: Benato, G.
name: Bento, A.
name: Bertolini, A.
name: Breier, R.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Burkhart, J.
name: Canonica, L.
name: D'Addabbo, A.
name: Di Lorenzo, S.
name: Einfalt, L.
name: Erb, A.
name: Feilitzsch, F. v.
name: Iachellini, N. Ferreiro
name: Fichtinger, S.
name: Fuchs, D.
name: Fuss, A.
name: Garai, A.
name: Ghete, V. M.
name: Gerster, S.
name: Gorla, P.
name: Guillaumon, P. V.
name: Gupta, S.
name: Hauff, D.
name: Ješkovský, M.
name: Jochum, J.
name: Kaznacheeva, M.
name: Kinast, A.
name: Kluck, H.
name: Kraus, H.
name: Langenkämper, A.
name: Mancuso, M.
name: Marini, L.
name: Meyer, L.
name: Mokina, V.
name: Nilima, A.
name: Olmi, M.
name: Ortmann, T.
name: Pagliarone, C.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Petricca, F.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Povinec, P.
name: Pröbst, F.
name: Pucci, F.
name: Reindl, F.
name: Rothe, J.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Schieck, J.
name: Schmiedmayer, D.
name: Schönert, S.
name: Schwertner, C.
name: Stahlberg, M.
name: Stodolsky, L.
name: Strandhagen, C.
name: Strauss, R.
name: Usherov, I.
name: Wagner, F.
name: Willers, M.
name: Zema, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present limits on the spin-independent interaction cross section of dark matter particles with silicon nuclei, derived from data taken with a cryogenic calorimeter with 0.35 g target mass operated in the CRESST-III experiment. A baseline nuclear recoil energy resolution of $(1.36\pm 0.05)$ eV$_{\text{nr}}$, currently the lowest reported for macroscopic particle detectors, and a corresponding energy threshold of $(10.0\pm 0.2)$ eV$_{\text{nr}}$ have been achieved, improving the sensitivity to light dark matter particles with masses below 160 MeV/c$^2$ by a factor of up to 20 compared to previous results. We characterize the observed low energy excess, and we exclude noise triggers and radioactive contaminations on the crystal surfaces as dominant contributions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; precised the position of the calibration source in Fig. 1; extended the discussion about the observed energy spectrum; added the DM limit curve to ancillary files. Published in Phys. Rev. D
Werner Plumpe, Carl Duisberg. 1861–1935. Anatomie eines Industriellen, München (C. H. Beck) 2016
Creators: name: Grimmer-Solem, Erik
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2018

description: Werner Plumpe, Carl Duisberg. 1861–1935. Anatomie eines Industriellen, München (C. H. Beck) 2016, 992 S., 39 Abb. (Historische Bibliothek der Gerda Henkel Stiftung), ISBN 978-3-406-69637-4, EUR 39,95.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2018/4
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IMPACT AND FUNCTIONALITY ANALYSIS IN DIGITAL SEARCH ENGINES
Creators: name: SARITAÇ, Dilan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Although it has become easier to Access information as the Internet has a very large data pool, the resuklts regarding the information sought have become more complicated. Although search engines seem to have only the task of finding and retrieving information as a target, they have a great power thanks to artificial intelligence systems. This study aims to scientifically examine the functionality of artificial intelligence in search engines. In the study conducted in line with this purpose, Google, Bing, Yahoo, Yandex, Baidu, DuckDuckGo, AOL, Ask.com, Naver ve Seznam which are the most used search engines by users in today's internet technology, were analyzed, analyzed and interpreted. In the research, the search engines were asked to find and list some elements, and the data obtained were tabulated in terms of functionality and accessibility and analyzed by content analysis method.
Peter Romijn, Der lange Krieg der Niederlande. Besatzung, Gewalt und Neuorientierung in den vierziger Jahren, Göttingen (Wallstein) 2017
Creators: name: Luyten, Dirk
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2018

description: Peter Romijn, Der lange Krieg der Niederlande. Besatzung, Gewalt und Neuorientierung in den vierziger Jahren, Göttingen (Wallstein) 2017, 293 S. (Vorträge und Kolloquien, 19), ISBN 978-3-8353-1813-7, EUR 15,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2018/4
Radio Mini-Halo Emission from Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters and Heating of the Cool Cores
Creators: name: Fujita, Yutaka
name: Ohira, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that the cool cores of galaxy clusters are stably heated by cosmic rays (CRs). If this is the case, radio mini-halos, which are often found in the central regions of cool core clusters, may be attributed to the synchrotron emission from the CRs. Based on this idea, we investigate the radial profiles of the mini-halos. First, using numerical simulations, we confirm that it is appropriate to assume that radiative cooling of the intracluster medium (ICM) is balanced with the heating by CR streaming. In these simulations, we assume that the streaming velocity of the CRs is the sound velocity of the ICM, and indicate that the heating is even more stable than the case where the streaming velocity is the Alfven velocity. Then, actually assuming the balance between cooling and heating, we estimate the radial profiles of CR pressure in six clusters only from X-ray observations. Since the CR protons interact with the ICM protons, we can predict the radial profiles of the resultant synchrotron radiation. We compare the predictions with the observed radial profiles of the mini-halos in the six clusters and find that they are consistent if the momentum spectra of the CRs are steep. These results may indicate that the cores are actually being heated by the CRs. We also predict broad-band spectra of the six clusters, and show that the non-thermal fluxes from the clusters are small in hard X-ray and gamma-ray bands.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gertrude Atherton
Creators: Hansen, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: Gertrude Atherton, a famed author during the early 1900s, was always more a novelist than a screenwriter, but, amid her fame as a novelist, she was given major opportunities during the silent era when studios began turning to literary properties to adapt for the screen. A 1932 Los Angeles Times article says that after her husband died in 1887 and was shipped back to Chile in a barrel of rum, the writer left the Atherton estate and, dismissing her dead husband as “the second rate offspring of the Athertons,” moved to San Francisco. Eventually, she relocated to New York with a completed novel that shocked publishers and was derided by critics, but immediately made Atherton famous (B14).
J. C. Mann, Legionary Recruitment and Veteran Settlement during the Principate
Creators: name: Speidel, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: J. C. Mann, Legionary Recruitment and Veteran Settlement during the Principate. Edited for publication by M. M. Roxan. University of London, Institute of Archaeology, Occasional Publication No. 7, London 1983. 184 Seiten mit 33 Tabellen
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 64, Nr. 1 (1986)
A refinement of the Millionshchikov quasi-normality hypothesis for convective boundary layer turbulence
Creators: name: Gryanik, V.M.
name: Hartmann, J.
name: Raasch, S.
name: Schröter, M.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Large eddy simulations
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The Millionshchikov hypothesis of quasi-normal distribution of fourth-order moments fails for convective conditions where the probability density functions of temperature and vertical velocity fluctuations are skewed. This is shown for aircraft and large-eddy simulation (LES) data, and new closures for fourth-order moments that take the skewness into account are suggested. These new closures are in very good agreement with the data. Copyright 2005 American Meteorological Society
Maximum-Likelihood-Estimate Hamiltonian learning via efficient and robust quantum likelihood gradient
Creators: name: Zhao, Tian-Lun
name: Hu, Shi-Xin
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the recent developments in quantum techniques, modeling the physical Hamiltonian of a target quantum many-body system is becoming an increasingly practical and vital research direction. Here, we propose an efficient strategy combining maximum likelihood estimation, gradient descent, and quantum many-body algorithms. Given the measurement outcomes, we optimize the target model Hamiltonian and density operator via a series of descents along the quantum likelihood gradient, which we prove is negative semi-definite with respect to the negative-log-likelihood function. In addition to such optimization efficiency, our maximum-likelihood-estimate Hamiltonian learning respects the locality of a given quantum system, therefore, extends readily to larger systems with available quantum many-body algorithms. Compared with previous approaches, it also exhibits better accuracy and overall stability toward noises, fluctuations, and temperature ranges, which we demonstrate with various examples.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Discovering Efficient Periodic Behaviours in Mechanical Systems via Neural Approximators
Creators: name: Wotte, Yannik
name: Dummer, Sven
name: Botteghi, Nicolò
name: Brune, Christoph
name: Stramigioli, Stefano
name: Califano, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is well known that conservative mechanical systems exhibit local oscillatory behaviours due to their elastic and gravitational potentials, which completely characterise these periodic motions together with the inertial properties of the system. The classification of these periodic behaviours and their geometric characterisation are in an on-going secular debate, which recently led to the so-called eigenmanifold theory. The eigenmanifold characterises nonlinear oscillations as a generalisation of linear eigenspaces. With the motivation of performing periodic tasks efficiently, we use tools coming from this theory to construct an optimization problem aimed at inducing desired closed-loop oscillations through a state feedback law. We solve the constructed optimization problem via gradient-descent methods involving neural networks. Extensive simulations show the validity of the approach.
Richard L. Morris, Runic and Mediterranean Epigraphy. North-Western European Lan- guage Evolution
Creators: name: Düwel, Klaus
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Richard L. Morris, Runic and Mediterranean Epigraphy. North-Western European Lan- guage Evolution, Supplement Vol. 4. Odense University Press, Odense 1988. ISBN 87-7492-683-7; ISSN 090-8675. XII, 177 Seiten mit 19 Abbildungen und 9 Tabellen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 69, Nr. 1 (1991)
Ein römischer Bronzeeimer von Male Czyste im Kulmerland, Polen
Creators: name: Nowakowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 71, Nr. 1 (1993)
Large eddy simulation of the ocean mixed layer: The effects of wave breaking and langmuir circulation
Creators: name: Noh, Y.
name: Min, H.S.
name: Raasch, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Oceanic mixed layer
subject: Large eddy simulation
subject: Mixed layer
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Large eddy simulation (LES) of the ocean mixed layer was performed in which both wave breaking and Langmuir circulation are realized. Wave breaking was represented by random forcing consistent with the observed near-surface turbulence, and Langmuir circulation was realized by the Craig–Leibovich vortex force. High- resolution simulations were carried out using parallel computing with or without each contribution, wave breaking and Langmuir circulation, with an aim to clarify their respective roles in the ocean mixed layer. The effects of wave breaking were found to be mainly limited to the near-surface zone of the upper few meters. Langmuir circulations below it are not significantly modified, although they become somewhat weakened and less coherent. Under the influence of wave breaking, however, the turbulence production in the upper-ocean mixed layer becomes dominated by the turbulent kinetic energy flux, contrary to the case of the atmospheric boundary layer where it is dominated by shear production. The comparison of the results from the LES and the ocean mixed layer model also reveals the significances of wave breaking and Langmuir circulation in the vertical mixing process of the ocean mixed layer.
Supersymmetric phases of AdS$_4$/CFT$_3$
Creators: name: Genolini, Pietro Benetti
name: Cabo-Bizet, Alejandro
name: Murthy, Sameer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exhibit an infinite family of supersymmetric phases in the three-dimensional ABJM superconformal field theory and the dual asymptotically AdS$_4$ gravity. They are interpreted as partially deconfined phases which generalize the confined/pure AdS phase and deconfined/supersymmetric black hole phase. Our analysis involves finding a family of saddle-points of the superconformal index labelled by rational points (equivalently, roots of unity), separately in the bulk and boundary theories. In the ABJM theory we calculate the free energy of each saddle by the large-$N$ asymptotic expansion of the superconformal index to all orders in perturbation theory near the saddle-point. We find that this expansion terminates at finite order. In the gravitational theory we show that there is a corresponding family of solutions, constructed by orbifolding the eleven-dimensional uplift of the supersymmetric black hole. The on-shell gravitational action of each orbifold agrees with the free energy of the corresponding saddle in the SCFT. We find that there are two saddles in the ABJM theory with the same entropy as the supersymmetric black hole, corresponding to the two primitive fourth-roots of unity, which causes macroscopic oscillations in the microcanonical index.
description: 52 pages plus appendices; v2: updated references and added comments on holographic renormalization
Formation of a diurnal thermocline in the ocean mixed layer simulated by LES
Creators: name: Noh, Y.
name: Goh, G.
name: Raasch, S.
name: Gryschka, M.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Oceanic mixed layer
subject: Thermocline
subject: Large eddy simulations
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The formation of a diurnal thermocline in the ocean mixed layer under a stabilizing buoyancy flux was simulated successfully by large-eddy simulation, reproducing various features consistent with observation. The analysis of the simulation result revealed that the formation of a diurnal thermocline passes through two different phases: the formation of a thermocline (formation stage) and increasing thickness of the thermocline thereafter (growth stage). Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) flux dominates TKE production within the mixed layer, but turbulence maintained by shear production at the thermocline causes stratification below the mixed layer. In addition, once the thermocline is formed, both the gradient and flux Richardson numbers maintain constant values at the thermocline. It was also found that a diurnal thermocline cannot be formed in the absence of both wave breaking and Langmuir circulation. Furthermore, the effects of stratification on turbulence were investigated based on the time series of various physical variables of turbulence at the diurnal thermocline and within the mixed layer, and the mechanism for diurnal thermocline formation is discussed. Copyright 2009 American Meteorological Society
Quasi-universal transient behavior of a nonequilibrium Mott insulator driven by an electric field
Creators: name: Mikelsons, K.
name: Freericks, J. K.
name: Krishnamurthy, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a self-consistent strong-coupling expansion for the self-energy (perturbation theory in the hopping) to describe the nonequilibrium dynamics of strongly correlated lattice fermions. We study the three-dimensional homogeneous Fermi-Hubbard model driven by an external electric field showing that the damping of the ensuing Bloch oscillations depends on the direction of the field, and that for a broad range of field strengths, a long-lived transient prethermalized state emerges. This long-lived transient regime implies that thermal equilibrium may be out of reach of the time scales accessible in present cold atom experiments, but shows that an interesting new quasi-universal transient state exists in nonequilibrium governed by a thermalized kinetic energy but not a thermalized potential energy. In addition, when the field strength is equal in magnitude to the interaction between atoms, the system undergoes a rapid thermalization, characterized by a different quasi-universal behavior of the current and spectral function for different values of the hopping.
description: (5 pages, 5 figures, ReVTeX)
Yves Menez, Une Ferme de l’Armorique gauloise: Le Boisanne à Plouër-sur-Rance
Creators: name: Fries -Knoblach, Janine
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Yves Menez, Une Ferme de l’Armorique gauloise: Le Boisanne à Plouër-sur-Rance (Côtesd’Armor).
Mit Beiträgen von J.-C. Arramond, C. Le Potier, A. Rapin, P. Galliou, A.
Gebhardt, S. Krausz, D. Marguerie, H. Morzadec, M.-P. Ruas. Documents d’Archéologie Française, 58. Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, Paris 1996. ISSN 1255-2127, ISBN 2-7351-0616-0. 272 Seiten mit 173 Abbildungen, 13 Tabellen, 34 Tafeln und englischer Zusammenfassung.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 77, Nr. 2 (1999)
Airway mucus hyperconcentration in non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Creators: name: Donaldson, S.H.
name: Broomfield, A.
name: Boucher, R.C.
name: Lourie, R.
name: Knowles, M.R.
name: Radicioni, G.
name: Kesimer, M.
name: Bowler, S.D.
name: Hill, D.B.
name: Noone, P.G., Sr.
name: Button, B.
name: Sheng, Y.H.
name: Martin, M.
name: Chen, A.C.H.
name: Ramsey, K.A.
name: Alexis, N.E.
name: Livengood, S.
name: Burr, L.
name: Thornton, D.J.
name: McGuckin, M.A.
name: Ehre, C.
name: Ceppe, A.
name: Hasnain, S.Z.
name: Radford-Smith, G.
name: Simms, L.A.
Publisher: name: American Thoracic Society
Year: 2020

description: Rationale: Non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is characterized by airway mucus accumulation and sputum production, but the role of mucus concentration in the pathogenesis of these abnormalities has not been characterized. Objectives: This study was designed to: 1) measure mucus concentration and biophysical properties of bronchiectasis mucus; 2) identify the secreted mucins contained in bronchiectasis mucus; 3) relate mucus properties to airway epithelial mucin RNA/protein expression; and 4) explore relationships between mucus hyperconcentration and disease severity. Methods: Sputum samples were collected from subjects with bronchiectasis, with and without chronic erythromycin administration, and healthy control subjects. Sputum percent solid concentrations, total and individual mucin concentrations, osmotic pressures, rheological properties, and inflammatory mediators were measured. Intracellular mucins were measured in endobronchial biopsies by immunohistochemistry and gene expression. MUC5B (mucin 5B) polymorphisms were identified by quantitative PCR. In a replication bronchiectasis cohort, spontaneously expectorated and hypertonic saline-induced sputa were collected, and mucus/mucin concentrations were measured. Measurements and Main Results: Bronchiectasis sputum exhibited increased percent solids, total and individual (MUC5B and MUC5AC) mucin concentrations, osmotic pressure, and elastic and viscous moduli compared with healthy sputum. Within subjects with bronchiectasis, sputum percent solids correlated inversely with FEV1 and positively with bronchiectasis extent, as measured by high-resolution computed tomography, and inflammatory mediators. No difference was detected in MUC5B rs35705950 SNP allele frequency between bronchiectasis and healthy individuals. Hypertonic saline inhalation acutely reduced non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis mucus concentration by 5%. Conclusions: Hyperconcentrated airway mucus is characteristic of subjects with bronchiectasis, likely contributes to disease pathophysiology, and may be a target for pharmacotherapy.
Tuning a two-impurity Kondo system by a moiré superstructure
Creators: name: Trishin, Sergey
name: Lotze, Christian
name: Lohss, Friedemann
name: Franceschi, Giada
name: Glazman, Leonid I.
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-impurity Kondo models are paradigmatic for correlated spin-fermion systems. Working with Mn atoms on Au(111) covered by a monolayer of MoS$_2$, we tune the inter-adatom exchange via the adatom distance and the adatom-substrate exchange via the location relative to a moiré structure of the substrate. Differential-conductance measurements on isolated adatoms exhibit Kondo peaks with heights depending on the adatom location relative to the moiré structure. Mn dimers spaced by a few atomic lattice sites exhibit split Kondo resonances. In contrast, adatoms in closely spaced dimers couple antiferromagnetically, resulting in a molecular-singlet ground state. Exciting the singlet-triplet transition by tunneling electrons, we find that the singlet-triplet splitting is surprisingly sensitive to the moiré structure. We interpret our results theoretically by relating the variations in the singlet-triplet splitting to the heights of the Kondo peaks of single adatoms, finding evidence for coupling of the adatom spin to multiple conduction electron channels.
Scombridae
Creators: name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Allen, Gerald R.
name: Andréfouët, Serge
name: Chen, Wei-Jen
name: Hamel, Mélanie A.
name: Laboute, Pierre
name: Mana, Ralph
name: Hui, Tan Heok
name: Uyeno, Daisuke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Scombridae

description: Scombridae    Grammatorcynus bilineatus (Rüppell, 1836)  —Double-lined mackerel
 STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed by G. R. Allen. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea east to Marshall Islands and Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia and New Caledonia. Pelagic, near coral reefs, 15– 50 m. Marine.
  Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758)  —Skipjack tuna
 STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on AMS material (AMS I.19687-020). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas. Pelagic, schooling offshore, 0– 260 m. Marine.
  Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816)  —Indian mackerel
 STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens observed and photographed at St. CTR 0 9, CTR 12, CTR 32, and by P. Laboute (St. PR 126).
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northwestern Australia and New Caledonia. Found in coastal bays, harbours and deep lagoons, usually in some turbid plankton-rich waters, 20– 90 m. Marine.
  Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède [ex Commerson], 1800)  —Narrow-banded Spanish mackerel, king mackerel (Fig. 28)
 STATUS AT MADANG. First record from Madang as Cybium commersoni by Munro (1958: 262). Specimens photographed at St. CTR 30; also observed by G. R. Allen.
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Red Sea, East and South Africa, Madagascar and western Mascarenes east to Palau and Fiji north to Korea and southern Japan, south to New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island, recently immigrated into eastern Mediterranean through Suez Canal. Pelagic, from shallow water to edge of continental shelf, 10– 70 m. Marine.
  Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre, 1788)  —Albacore
 STATUS AT MADANG. New record from Madang, based on specimens photographed at St. CTR 32. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. Worldwide in tropical and warm temperate seas, in the western Pacific south to New Zealand. Oceanic, pelagic, 0– 600 m. Marine.
description: Published as part of Fricke, Ronald, Allen, Gerald R., Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Hamel, Mélanie A., Laboute, Pierre, Mana, Ralph, Hui, Tan Heok & Uyeno, Daisuke, 2014, Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records, pp. 1-247 in Zootaxa 3832 (1) on pages 187-188, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3832.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/250559
Hamiltonian dynamics of a particle interacting with a wave field
Creators: name: Egli, Daniel
name: Fröhlich, Jürg
name: Gang, Zhou
name: Shao, Arick
name: Sigal, Israel Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40, 35Q51

description: We study the Hamiltonian equations of motion of a heavy tracer particle interacting with a dense weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in the classical (mean-field) limit. Solutions describing ballistic subsonic motion of the particle through the condensate are constructed. We establish asymptotic stability of ballistic subsonic motion.
description: 39 pages
Adapting Datacenter Capacity for Greener Datacenters and Grid
Creators: name: Lin, Liuzixuan
name: Chien, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cloud providers are adapting datacenter (DC) capacity to reduce carbon emissions. With hyperscale datacenters exceeding 100 MW individually, and in some grids exceeding 15% of power load, DC adaptation is large enough to harm power grid dynamics, increasing carbon emissions, power prices, or reduce grid reliability. To avoid harm, we explore coordination of DC capacity change varying scope in space and time. In space, coordination scope spans a single datacenter, a group of datacenters, and datacenters with the grid. In time, scope ranges from online to day-ahead. We also consider what DC and grid information is used (e.g. real-time and day-ahead average carbon, power price, and compute backlog). For example, in our proposed PlanShare scheme, each datacenter uses day-ahead information to create a capacity plan and shares it, allowing global grid optimization (over all loads, over entire day). We evaluate DC carbon emissions reduction. Results show that local coordination scope fails to reduce carbon emissions significantly (3.2%--5.4% reduction). Expanding coordination scope to a set of datacenters improves slightly (4.9%--7.3%). PlanShare, with grid-wide coordination and full-day capacity planning, performs the best. PlanShare reduces DC emissions by 11.6%--12.6%, 1.56x--1.26x better than the best local, online approach's results. PlanShare also achieves lower cost. We expect these advantages to increase as renewable generation in power grids increases. Further, a known full-day DC capacity plan provides a stable target for DC resource management.
description: Published at e-Energy '23: Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems
Ionized Gas in the First 10 Kiloparsecs of the Interstellar Galactic Halo: Metal Ion Fractions
Creators: name: Howk, J. Christopher
name: Consiglio, S. Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present direct measures of the ionization fractions of several sulfur ions in the Galactic warm ionized medium (WIM). We obtained high resolution ultraviolet absorption line spectroscopy of post-asymptotic giant branch stars in the the globular clusters Messier 3 [(l,b)=(42.2, +78.7); d=10.2 kpc, z=10.0 kpc] and Messier 5 [(l,b)=(3.9, +46.8); d=7.5 kpc, z = +5.3 kpc] with the Hubble Space Telescope and Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer to measure, or place limits on, the column densities of S I, S II, S III, S IV, S VI, and H I. These clusters also house millisecond pulsars, whose dispersion measures give an electron column density from which we infer the H II column in these directions. We find fractions of S+2 in the WIM for the M 3 and M 5 sight lines x(S+2) = N(S+2)/N(S) = 0.33+/-0.07 and 0.47+/-0.09, respectively, with variations perhaps related to location. With negligible quantities of the higher ionization states, we conclude S+ and S+2 account for all of the S in the WIM. We extend the methodology to study the ion fractions in the warm and hot ionized gas of the Milky Way, including the high ions Si+3, C+3, N+4, and O+5. The vast majority of the Galactic ionized gas is warm (T ~ 10^4 K) and photoionized (the WIM) or very hot (T > 4x10^5 K) and collisionally ionized. The common tracer of ionized gas beyond the Milky Way, O+5, traces <1% of the total ionized gas mass of the Milky Way.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ
Network Slicing via Transfer Learning aided Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Hu, Tianlun
name: Liao, Qi
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Carle, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been increasingly employed to handle the dynamic and complex resource management in network slicing. The deployment of DRL policies in real networks, however, is complicated by heterogeneous cell conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel transfer learning (TL) aided multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) approach with inter-agent similarity analysis for inter-cell inter-slice resource partitioning. First, we design a coordinated MADRL method with information sharing to intelligently partition resource to slices and manage inter-cell interference. Second, we propose an integrated TL method to transfer the learned DRL policies among different local agents for accelerating the policy deployment. The method is composed of a new domain and task similarity measurement approach and a new knowledge transfer approach, which resolves the problem of from whom to transfer and how to transfer. We evaluated the proposed solution with extensive simulations in a system-level simulator and show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions in terms of performance, convergence speed and sample efficiency. Moreover, by applying TL, we achieve an additional gain over 27% higher than the coordinate MADRL approach without TL.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, IEEE Global Communications Conference 2022
Examination of the mixed layer deepening process during convection using LES
Creators: name: Noh, Y.
name: Goh, G.
name: Raasch, S.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mixed layer
subject: Convection
subject: Large eddy simulations
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Analysis of large-eddy simulation data of the ocean mixed layer under convection reveals that the contribution from wind stress decreases with time as a result of inertial oscillation in the extratropical ocean and that it leads to a rapid increase of the bulk and gradient Richardson number at the mixed layer depth. The criteria for the mixed layer deepening in the widely used mixed layer models, such as the Niiler–Kraus (NK) model, the Price–Weller–Pinkel (PWP) model, and the K-profile parameterization (KPP) model, are examined in view of these results, and its implication on the model predictability is discussed. Copyright 2010 American Meteorological Society
Taking the Convoluted Out of Bernoulli Convolutions: A Discrete Approach
Creators: name: Calkin, Neil J.
name: Davis, Julia
name: Delcourt, Michelle
name: Engberg, Zebediah
name: Jacob, Jobby
name: James, Kevin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: In this paper we consider a discrete version of the Bernoulli convolution problem traditionally studied via functional analysis. We discuss several innovative algorithms for computing the sequences with this new approach. In particular, these algorithms assist us in gathering data regarding the maximum values. By looking at a family of associated polynomials, we gain insight on the local behavior of the sequence itself. This work was completed as part of the Clemson University REU, an NSF funded program.
CC Sculptoris: A superhumping intermediate polar
Creators: name: Woudt, P. A.
name: Warner, B.
name: Gulbis, A.
name: Coppejans, R.
name: Hambsch, F. -J.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Evans, P. A.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Wynn, G. A.
name: van der Heyden, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high speed optical, spectroscopic and Swift X-ray observations made during the dwarf nova superoutburst of CC Scl in November 2011. An orbital period of 1.383 h and superhump period of 1.443 h were measured, but the principal new finding is that CC Scl is a previously unrecognised intermediate polar, with a white dwarf spin period of 389.49 s which is seen in both optical and Swift X-ray light curves only during the outburst. In this it closely resembles the old nova GK Per, but unlike the latter has one of the shortest orbital periods among intermediate polars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 11 pages, 19 figures
Annular gap model for multi-wavelength pulsed emission from young and millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: Du, YuanJie
name: Qiao, GuoJun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-wavelength pulsed emission from young pulsars and millisecond pulsars can be well modeled with the single-pole 3-dimension annular gap and core gap model. To distinguish our single magnetic pole model from two-pole models (e.g. outer gap model and two-pole caustic model), the convincing values of the magnetic inclination angle and the viewing angle will play a key role.
description: Proceedings of IAUS 291 "Neutron Stars and Pulsars: Challenges and Opportunities after 80 years", J. van Leeuwen (ed.); 3 pages, 2 figures