cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Updated MiniBooNE Neutrino Oscillation Results with Increased Data and New Background Studies
Creators: name: MiniBooNE Collaboration
name: Aguilar-Arevalo, A. A.
name: Brown, B. C.
name: Conrad, J. M.
name: Dharmapalan, R.
name: Diaz, A.
name: Djurcic, Z.
name: Finley, D. A.
name: Ford, R.
name: Garvey, G. T.
name: Gollapinni, S.
name: Hourlier, A.
name: Huang, E. C.
name: Kamp, N. W.
name: Karagiorgi, G.
name: Katori, T.
name: Kobilarcik, T.
name: Lin, K.
name: Louis, W. C.
name: Mariani, C.
name: Marsh, W.
name: Mills, G. B.
name: Mirabal-Martinez, J.
name: Moore, C. D.
name: Nelson, R. H.
name: Nowak, J.
name: Parmaksiz, I.
name: Pavlovic, Z.
name: Ray, H.
name: Roe, B. P.
name: Russell, A. D.
name: Schneider, A.
name: Shaevitz, M. H.
name: Siegel, H.
name: Spitz, J.
name: Stancu, I.
name: Tayloe, R.
name: Thornton, R. T.
name: Tzanov, M.
name: Van de Water, R. G.
name: White, D. H.
name: Zimmerman, E. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab reports a total excess of $638.0 \pm 132.8$ electron-like events ($4.8 σ$) from a data sample corresponding to $18.75 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in neutrino mode, which is a 46\% increase in the data sample with respect to previously published results, and $11.27 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target in antineutrino mode. The additional statistics allow several studies to address questions on the source of the excess. First, we provide two-dimensional plots in visible energy and cosine of the angle of the outgoing lepton, which can provide valuable input to models for the event excess. Second, we test whether the excess may arise from photons that enter the detector from external events or photons exiting the detector from $π^0$ decays in two model independent ways. Beam timing information shows that almost all of the excess is in time with neutrinos that interact in the detector. The radius distribution shows that the excess is distributed throughout the volume, while tighter cuts on the fiducal volume increase the significance of the excess. We conclude that models of the event excess based on entering and exiting photons are disfavored.
description: 28 pages, 26 figures
A Knot Model Sugugested by the Standard Electroweak Theory
Creators: name: Finkelstein, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt to go beyond the standard electroweak theory by replacing SU(2) with its q-deformation: SU_q(2). This step introduces new degrees of freedom that we interpret as indicative of non-locality and as a possible basis for a solitonic model of the elementary particles. The solitons are conjectured to be knotted flux tubes labelled by the irreducible representations of SU_q(2), an alglebra which is not only closely related to the standard theory but also plays an underlying role in the description of knots. Each of the four families of elementary fermions is conjectured to be represented by one of the four possible trefoils. The three individual fermions belonging to any family are then assumed to occupy the three lowest states in the excitation spectrum of the local trefoil for that family. One finds a not unreasonable variation of q among the lepton and quark families. The model in its present form predicts a fourth generation of fermions as well as a neutrino mass spectrum. The model may be refined depending on whether or not the fourth generation is found.
description: 10 pages, Latex file; changed content
Supernovae Ib and Ic from the explosion of helium stars
Creators: name: Dessart, Luc
name: Yoon, Sung-Chul
name: Aguilera-Dena, David R.
name: Langer, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much difficulty has so far prevented the emergence of a consistent scenario for the origin of Type Ib and Ic supernovae (SNe). Here, we follow a heuristic approach by examining the fate of helium stars in the mass range 4 to 12Msun, which presumably form in interacting binaries. The helium stars are evolved using stellar wind mass loss rates that agree with observations, and which reproduce the observed luminosity range of galactic WR stars, leading to stellar masses at core collapse in the range 3-5.5Msun. We then explode these models adopting an explosion energy proportional to the ejecta mass, roughly consistent with theoretical predictions. We impose a fixed 56Ni mass and strong mixing. The SN radiation from 3 to 100d is computed self-consistently starting from the input stellar models using the time-dependent non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative-transfer code CMFGEN. By design, our fiducial models yield similar light curves, with a rise time of ~20d and a peak luminosity of ~10^42.2erg/s, in line with representative SNe Ibc. The less massive progenitors retain a He-rich envelope and reproduce the color, line widths, and line strengths of a representative sample of SNe Ib, while stellar winds remove most of the helium in more massive progenitors, whose spectra match typical SNe Ic in detail. The transition between the predicted Ib-like and Ic-like spectra is continuous, but it is sharp, such that the resulting models essentially form a dichotomy. Further models computed with varying explosion energy, 56Ni mass, and long-term power injection from the remnant show that a moderate variation of these parameters can reproduce much of the diversity of SNe Ibc. We conclude that stars stripped by a binary companion can account for the vast majority of ordinary SNe Ib and Ic, and that stellar wind mass loss is the key to remove the helium envelope in SN Ic progenitors. [abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Figure S2 from Ammonium is the preferred source of nitrogen for planktonic foraminifer and their dinoflagellate symbionts
Creators: name: LeKieffre, Charlotte
name: Spero, Howard J.
name: Fehrenbacher, Jennifer S.
name: Russell, Ann D.
name: Haojia Ren
name: Geslin, Emmanuelle
name: Meibom, Anders
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The symbiotic planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa inhabits open ocean oligotrophic ecosystems where dissolved nutrients are scarce and often limit biological productivity. It has previously been proposed that O. universa meets its nitrogen (N) requirements by preying on zooplankton, and that its symbiotic dinoflagellates recycle metabolic ‘waste ammonium’ for their N pool. However, these conclusions were derived from bulk 15N-enrichment experiments and model calculations, and our understanding of N assimilation and exchange between the foraminifer host cell and its symbiotic dinoflagellates remains poorly constrained. Here, we present data from pulse-chase experiments with 13C-enriched inorganic carbon, 15N-nitrate and 15N-ammonium, as well as a 13C- and 15N- enriched heterotrophic food source, followed by TEM coupled to NanoSIMS isotopic imaging to visualize and quantify C and N assimilation and translocation in the symbiotic system. High levels of 15N-labelling were observed in the dinoflagellates and in foraminiferal organelles and cytoplasm after incubation with 15N-ammonium, indicating efficient ammonium assimilation. Only weak 15N-assimilation was observed after incubation with 15N-nitrate. Feeding foraminifers with 13C- and 15N-labelled food resulted in dinoflagellates that were labelled with 15N, thereby confirming the transfer of 15N-compounds from the digestive vacuoles of the foraminifer to the symbiotic dinoflagellates, likely through recycling of ammonium. These observations are important for N isotope-based paleoceanographic reconstructions, as they show that δ15N values recorded in the organic matrix in symbiotic species likely reflect ammonium recycling rather than alternative N sources, such as nitrates.
ESM File 5: Supplementary Fig 2 from Flexibility in an emergency life-history stage: acute food deprivation prevents sickness behaviour but not the immune response
Creators: name: Wilsterman, Kathryn
name: Mattina M. Alonge
name: Ernst, Darcy K.
name: Limber, Cody
name: Treidel, Lisa A.
name: Bentley, George E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Boxplots of mass regained overnight.
Finite-temperature chiral transition in QCD with quarks in the fundamental and adjoint representation
Creators: name: Basile, Francesco
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of the finite-temperature chiral transition in QCD with N_f light quarks in the fundamental and adjoint representation. Universality and renormalization-group (RG) arguments show that the possibility of having a continuous transition is related to the existence of a stable fixed point (FP) in the RG flow of a 3D Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson Phi^4 theory with the same chiral symmetry-breaking pattern. The RG flow of these theories is studied by field-theoretical approaches, computing and analyzing high-order perturbative series, up to six loops. According to this RG analysis, the transition in QCD can be continuous only for N_f=2. In this case it belongs to the 3D O(4) universality class. We also find a stable FP corresponding to a 3D universality class with symmetry breaking U(2)_L x U(2)_R -> U(2)_V, which implies that the transition can be continuous also if the axial-anomaly effects are suppressed at Tc. In the case of quarks in the adjoint representation, we can have a continuous transition for N_f=1,2. For N_f=1 it belongs to the O(3) universality class. For N_f=2 it belongs to a new 3D universality class characterized by the symmetry breaking SU(4)->SO(4).
description: 6 pages, Talk presented at Lattice 2005 (Non-zero temperature and density), Dublin, July 25-30, 2005
Bombycinae
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae

description: Subfamily Bombycinae Latreille, [1802]
Diagnosis. In addition to the characters given in the first couplet of the key, the foreleg tibia has soft, helmet-like setae (at least in males) and a long tibial epiphysis, and the 8th abdominal sternite in the males is densely covered with sharp setae. Larvae feed mainly on Moraceae.
Distribution. Widely distributed around the world except the New World and Western Europe. Remarks. Two lineages can be recognized within the subfamily: the Bombyx genus group and the Ocinara genus group.
Map 1. Distribution of Bombyx spp. mainly in China. * B. mori as a domesticated species rose worldwide; its distribution is not shown on the map.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
title: Large Eddy Simulation of Soot Formation in a Real Aero-Engine Combustor Using Tabulated Chemistry and a Quadrature-Based Method of Moments
Creators: name: Koob, Philipp
name: Ferraro, Federica
name: Nicolai, Hendrik
name: Eggels, Ruud
name: Staufer, Max
name: Hasse, Christian
Publisher: name: ASME
Year: 2024

description: Considering the increasingly stringent targets for aircraft emissions, CFD is becoming a viable tool for improving future aero-engine combustors. However, predicting pollutant formation remains challenging. In particular, directly solving the evolution of soot particles is numerically expensive. To reduce the computational cost but retain detailed physical modeling, quadrature-based moments methods can be efficiently employed to approximate the particle number density function (NDF). An example is the recently developed split-based extended quadrature method of moments (S-EQMOM), which enables a continuous description of the soot particles’ NDF, essential to consider particle oxidation accurately. This model has shown promising results in laminar premixed flames up to turbulent laboratory scale configurations. However, the application to large-scale applications is still scarce. In this work, the S-EQMOM model is applied to the Rolls-Royce BR710 aero-engine combustor to investigate the soot evolution process in practically relevant configurations. For this, the soot model is embedded into a high-fidelity simulation framework, consisting of large eddy simulation for the turbulent flow and mixing and the flamelet generated manifold method for chemistry reduction. An additional transport equation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is solved to model their slow chemistry and the transition from the gaseous phase to the solid phase. Simulations are performed for different operating conditions (idle, approach, climb, take-off) to validate the model using experimental data. Subsequently, the results are analyzed to provide insights into the complex interactions of hydrodynamics, mixing, chemistry, and soot formation.
Evaluation of current and future water resources development in the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia
Creators: name: McCartney, Matthew P.
name: Alemayehu, Tadesse
name: Shiferaw, Abeyu
name: Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
name: McCartney, Matthew P.
name: Alemayehu, Tadesse
name: Shiferaw, Abeyu
name: Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Lakes
subject: Weirs
subject: Environmental flows
subject: Water resources development
subject: Models

description: Lake Tana, located in the headwaters of the Blue Nile, is valuable for many people including the communities who live around the lakeshore and those who live immediately downstream. The area has been identified as a region for hydropower and irrigation development, vital for economic growth in Ethiopia. A multidisciplinary study was conducted to assess the possible impacts of this development. This study found that current development has benefited some local people but adversely affected others. Future development will exacerbate pressure on the lake. Hard choices must be made about how the water is best utilized. It is important that all stakeholders, including local people, are involved in the decision-making process.
Optical validation and characterisation of Planck PSZ1 sources at the Canary Islands observatories. II. Second year of ITP13 observations
Creators: name: Barrena, R.
name: Ferragamo, A.
name: Rubiño-Martín, J. A.
name: Streblyanska, A.
name: Aguado-Barahona, A.
name: Tramonte, D.
name: Génova-Santos, R. T.
name: Hempel, A.
name: Lietzen, H.
name: Aghanim, N.
name: Böhringer, H.
name: Chon, G.
name: Dahle, H.
name: Douspis, M.
name: Lasenby, A. N.
name: Mazzotta, P.
name: Melin, J. B.
name: Pointecouteau, E.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Rossetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new galaxy clusters previously unknown included in the PSZ1 catalogue. The results here presented have been achieved during the second year of a 2-year observational programme, the ITP13, developed at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (La Palma, Spain). We characterise 75 SZ sources with low SZ significance, SZ S/N$<5.32$ by performing deep optical imaging and spectroscopy in order to associate actual galaxy clusters to the SZ Planck source. We adopt robust criteria, based on the 2D-spatial distribution, richness and velocity dispersions to confirm actual optical counterparts up to $z<0.85$. At the end of the ITP13 observational programme, we study 256 SZ sources with $Dec \geq -15^{\circ}$ (212 of them completely unknown), finding optical counterparts for 152 SZ sources. The ITP13 validation programme has allowed us to update the PSZ1 purity, which is now more refined, increasing from 72\% to 83\% in the low SZ S/N regime. Our results are consistent with the predicted purity curve for the full PSZ1 catalogue and with the expected fraction of false detections caused by the non-Gaussian noise of foreground signals. Indeed, we find a strong correlation between the number of unconfirmed sources and the thermal emission of diffuse galactic dust at 857 GHz, thus increasing the fraction of false Planck SZ detections at low galactic latitudes.
description: Accepted for publications in A&A. 15 pages including 14 figures and 1 long table
A freely falling frame at the interface of gravitational and quantum realms
Creators: name: Ahluwalia-Khalilova, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I briefly argue for logical necessity to incorporate, besides c, hbar, two fundamental length scales in the symmetries associated with the interface of gravitational and quantum realms. Next, in order to clear the proverbial bush, I discuss the CPT and indistinguishability issue related to recent non-linear deformations of special relativity and suggest why algebraically well-defined extensions of special relativity do not require non-linear deformations. That done, I suggest why the stable Snyder-Yang-Mendes Lie algebra should be considered as a serious candidate for the symmetries underlying freely falling frames at the interface of gravitational and quantum realms; thus echoing, and complementing, arguments recently put forward by Chryssomalakos and Okon. In the process I obtain concrete form of uncertainty relations which involve above-indicated length scales and a new dimensionless constant. I draw attention to the fact that because superconducting quantum interference devices can carry roughly 10^{23} Cooper pairs in a single quantum state, Planck-mass quantum systems already exist in the laboratory. These may be used for possible exploration of the interface of the gravitational and quantum realms.
description: 19 pages (Significantly enlarged and revised since its initial informal circulation before arXiving.)
ESM File 1: Supplementary Info from Flexibility in an emergency life-history stage: acute food deprivation prevents sickness behaviour but not the immune response
Creators: name: Wilsterman, Kathryn
name: Mattina M. Alonge
name: Ernst, Darcy K.
name: Limber, Cody
name: Treidel, Lisa A.
name: Bentley, George E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Contains Supplementary Methods and Discussion, and captions for supplemental tables and figures
From oscillation dip to oscillation valley in atmospheric neutrino experiments
Creators: name: Kumar, Anil
name: Khatun, Amina
name: Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar
name: Dighe, Amol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric neutrino experiments can show the "oscillation dip" feature in data, due to their sensitivity over a large $L/E$ range. In experiments that can distinguish between neutrinos and antineutrinos, like INO, oscillation dips can be observed in both these channels separately. We present the dip-identification algorithm employing a data-driven approach -- one that uses the asymmetry in the upward-going and downward-going events, binned in the reconstructed $L/E$ of muons -- to demonstrate the dip, which would confirm the oscillation hypothesis. We further propose, for the first time, the identification of an "oscillation valley" in the reconstructed ($E_μ$,$\,\cosθ_μ$) plane, feasible for detectors like ICAL having excellent muon energy and direction resolutions. We illustrate how this two-dimensional valley would offer a clear visual representation and test of the $L/E$ dependence, the alignment of the valley quantifying the atmospheric mass-squared difference. Owing to the charge identification capability of the ICAL detector at INO, we always present our results using $μ^{-}$ and $μ^{+}$ events separately. Taking into account the statistical fluctuations and systematic errors, and varying oscillation parameters over their currently allowed ranges, we estimate the precision to which atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters would be determined with the 10-year simulated data at ICAL using our procedure.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables, comments are welcome. Matches with the published version
The massive star IMF at high metallicity
Creators: name: Bresolin, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the variation of the upper IMF at high metallicity is briefly reviewed. I show recent results suggesting a revision in the definition of `high metallicity' in extragalactic H II regions. I present preliminary results concerning constraints on the upper mass limit in metal-rich spiral galaxies derived from the detection of Wolf-Rayet stars in the spectra of their H II regions. The current evidence is in support of an IMF extending up to at least 60-70 solar masses at an oxygen abundance 1-1.5 times the solar value.
description: 6 pages, to appear in IMF@50, ed. by E. Corbelli, F. Palla & H. Zinnecker (Dordrecht: Kluwer)
Pride of the South: Risk Analysis for Marine Biosecurity in Fiordland
Creators: name: Sinner, Jim
name: Roberts, Bethany
name: Piola, Richard
name: Sinner, Jim
name: Roberts, Bethany
name: Piola, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Fiordland
subject: marine biosecurity
subject: risk reduction
subject: benefit cost analysis
subject: management options
subject: Bluff

description: This paper describes a model used to assess alternative scenarios for managing the marine biosecurity risk to Fiordland from vessel traffic. Scenarios are assessed in terms of risk reduction per dollar spent. To keep the analysis manageable, we focus on vessel risks from hull fouling, as this is considered the primary pathway of vessel-related spread. Our analysis includes evaluation of the costs and benefits of different types of vector treatment as well as the possibility of continued vessel monitoring and control of pest populations in Bluff Harbour to reduce the risk of vector infection.
ESM File 4: Supplementary Fig 1 from Flexibility in an emergency life-history stage: acute food deprivation prevents sickness behaviour but not the immune response
Creators: name: Wilsterman, Kathryn
name: Mattina M. Alonge
name: Ernst, Darcy K.
name: Limber, Cody
name: Treidel, Lisa A.
name: Bentley, George E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Boxplots of all traits measured and summarized with linear mixed models in Table 1
Wideband reflectance in adults : normative data and a case series of otosclerosis
Creators: name: Bork, Karin T.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For years immittance has been used in order to help diagnose middle ear pathologies. Specifically, multi-frequency tympanometry is able to relate information to clinicians regarding the mechano-acoustical characteristics of the middle ear system. In the past two decades a new method of middle ear measurement, wideband reflectance (WBR), has been discovered. Wideband reflectance is the ratio of energy reflected from the surfaces of the ear canal and middle ear on its way to the cochlea in relation to the energy that reaches the surface, or incident energy. This ratio is known as energy reflectance and can be manipulated to give values of power absorption, admittance, susceptance, and conductance. There are numerous advantages to WBR over multi-frequency tympanometry, including its objectiveness, speed, and wide frequency range. However, as of yet, few normative studies have been published to guide clinicians in the practical uses of WBR and their ability to assess middle ear pathologies, such as otosclerosis. In this regard, this thesis adds to the limited normative data available, as well as explores whether these normative data have a clinical utility in the diagnosis of otosclerosis. Taking into consideration possible gender and race differences, normative data were collected for both genders in Chinese and Caucasian populations. Mean, 5th, and 95th percentiles were gathered from 128 subjects (240 ears) for these groups as well as in seven patients (seven ears) with otosclerosis. The four WBR parameters assessed were power absorption, admittance, susceptance, and conductance. Analysis consisted of: (1) a repeated measures analysis of variance including the within subject factor of level of frequency and the between subject factors of gender, race, and ear, and (2) a visual comparison of graphically presented normative group data, as well as individual patient data graphically compared with appropriate normative values. Combining statistical analysis and visual observations, this study strongly suggests the need for implementation of gender and race specific normative values for WBR. Differences in graphic representation of patient data plotted against normative values are found for some WBR measures. Further research is needed in this area.
Raman resonance in spin S two-leg ladder systems
Creators: name: Donkov, A.
name: Chubukov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the Raman intensity in a spin S two-leg spin-ladder has a pseudo-resonance peak, whose width is very small at large S. The pseudo-resonance originates from the existence of a local minimum in the magnon excitation spectrum, and is located slightly below twice the magnon energy at the minimum. The physics behind the peak is similar to the excitonic scenario for the neutron and Raman resonances in a d-wave superconductor.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRB
High-resolution VLA Imaging of Obscured Quasars: Young Radio Jets Caught in a Dense ISM
Creators: name: Patil, Pallavi
name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Whittle, Mark
name: Lonsdale, Carol
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Lonsdale, Colin
name: Mukherjee, Dipanjan
name: Trapp, A. C.
name: Kimball, Amy E.
name: Lanz, Lauranne
name: Wilkes, Belinda J.
name: Blain, Andrew
name: Harwood, Jeremy J.
name: Efstathiou, Andreas
name: Vlahakis, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new sub-arcsecond-resolution Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) imaging at 10 GHz of 155 ultra-luminous ($L_{\rm bol}\sim10^{11.7-14.2} L_\odot$) and heavily obscured quasars with redshifts $z \sim0.4-3$. The sample was selected to have extremely red mid-infrared (MIR)-optical color ratios based on data from Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) along with a detection of bright, unresolved radio emission from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) or Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) Survey. Our high-resolution VLA observations have revealed that the majority of the sources in our sample (93 out of 155) are compact on angular scales $<0.2^{\prime \prime}$ ($\leq 1.7$ kpc at $z \sim2$). The radio luminosities, linear extents, and lobe pressures of our sources are similar to young radio active galactic nuclei (AGN; e.g., Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum, GPS, and Compact Steep Spectrum, CSS, sources), but their space density is considerably lower. Application of a simple adiabatic lobe expansion model suggests relatively young dynamical ages ($\sim10^{4-7}$ years), relatively high ambient ISM densities ($\sim1-10^4$ cm$^{-3}$), and modest lobe expansion speeds ($\sim30-10,000$ km s$^{-1}$). Thus, we find our sources to be consistent with a population of newly triggered, young jets caught in a unique evolutionary stage in which they still reside within the dense gas reservoirs of their hosts. Based on their radio luminosity function and dynamical ages, we estimate only $\sim20\%$ of classical large scale FRI/II radio galaxies could have evolved directly from these objects. We speculate that the WISE-NVSS sources might first become GPS or CSS sources, of which some might ultimately evolve into larger radio galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 38 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables
Agricultural Environmental Indicators: Using OECD Agri-Environmental Indicators to Assess New Zealand Kiwifruit Orchards
Creators: name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Kaye-Blake, William
name: Campbell, Rachel
name: Benge, J.
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Kaye-Blake, William
name: Campbell, Rachel
name: Benge, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agri-environmental indicators
subject: kiwifruit
subject: organic agriculture
subject: sustainability

description: Agri-environmental indicators (AEIs) developed by the OECD have been used to assess the environmental performance of the agricultural sector in developed countries. The Agricultural Research Group on Sustainability (ARGOS) in New Zealand has investigated using these AEIs to assess the performance of individual kiwifruit orchards. ARGOS is following panels of orchards to investigate the impacts of organic and conventional management systems on economic, sociological, and environmental dimensions of farming. The environmental monitoring of these orchards has provided data for calculating AEIs. The paper discusses the performance of ARGOS orchards, the impact of management systems, and the implications for future research.
Bombyx Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Bombyx

description: I. Bombyx Linnaeus, 1758 (FIGURES 1–3)
Bombyx Linnaeus, 1758, Systema Naturae 1: 495. Type species: Phalaena (Bombyx) mori Linnaeus, 1758, Systema Naturae, 1: 499, by subsequent designation in Opin. Decl. int. Commn zool. Nom. 1957, 15: 254 (originally proposed as a subgenus of Phalaena Linnaeus, 1758).
Bumbyx: Fabricius, 1777, Genera Insect: 277. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Bombix: Mabille, 1884, in Rochebrune, Bull. Soc. philomath. Paris, 8 (7): 31. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Theophila Moore, 1862, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1 (4): 315. Type species: Bombyx bengalensis Moore, 1862, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1 (4): 315, by subsequent designation by Kirby, 1892, Syn. Cat. Lepid. Het., 1: 719.
Diagnosis. Easily distinguished based on the following characters: forewing with M1 and Rs on a common stem; outer margin below apex obviously concave; uncus apically bifurcate with rounded lobes; gnathos a broadly rounded-triangular lobe, valva narrow and long.
Distribution. South-East Asia, with one domestic species now distributed worldwide.
Remarks. The genus consists of six species, including the wild relative of the cultivated silkworm, B. mori. Originally proposed as a subgenus of Phalaena Linnaeus, 1758, in which many species of numerous other families, particularly Noctuidae were included (Nye, 1975), the International Commission for Zoological Nomenclature Used its plenary powers to place Bombyx on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology with “Name number 1056” as the zoological number (Fletcher & Nye, 1982; Beccaloni et al., 2003). Moore (1862) established the genus Theophila with five included species. Fletcher & Nye (1982) synonymized Theophila with Bombyx based on its type species Bombyx bengalensis Moore, 1862 being a junior synonym of B. huttoni Westwood, 1847 (Beccaloni et al., 2003). In the present paper, four Bombyx species are recorded from China (Map 1).
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
title: Software im Zollrecht der Europäischen Union
title: Die zollwertrechtliche Behandlung von Software in der Europäischen Union unter Einbezug des Wirtschaftszollgedankens sowie des Welthandelsrechts
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Egen, Sophia
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 340 Law

description: Vor dem Hintergrund international arbeitsteiliger Produktion und globaler Handelsbeziehungen finden die wenigsten Produktionsprozesse nur an einem Ort statt. Während Hardware meist in Niedriglohnländern gefertigt wird, erfolgt die Softwareentwicklung regelmäßig in Ländern mit hohem Lohnniveau. Dies wirft zentrale zollrechtliche Fragen auf, insbesondere zur Bestimmung des Zollwertes digitalisierter Waren, die nach ihrer Fertigung grenzüberschreitend verbracht werden. Ein wesentliches Problem ist, ob und inwieweit der Wert der installierten oder implementierten Software den Zollwert der Hardware beeinflusst. 
Da das geltende Zollrecht weitgehend vor der Digitalisierung entwickelt wurde, ist es auf entsprechende Fragestellungen nicht ausgerichtet. Diese Dissertation analysiert die zollwertrechtliche Behandlung von Software in der Europäischen Union unter Berücksichtigung wirtschaftszollrechtlicher und welthandelsrechtlicher Aspekte.
description: Vorwort ..... III
Inhaltsverzeichnis .....V
Gliederung ..... VII
Literaturverzeichnis ..... XIV
Abkürzungsverzeichnis ..... LV
I. Einleitung..... 1
1. Einführung und Themendarstellung ..... 1
2. Zielsetzung und Gang der Untersuchung ..... 5
II. Historischer Hintergrund ..... 7
1. Begriff ..... 7
2. Geschichtliche Entwicklung ..... 7
III. Wirtschaftszollgedanke ..... 11
1. Herleitung und Ursprung ..... 11
2. Existenz ..... 14
3. Aktualität..... 16
4. Fazit..... 21
IV. Zollwert ..... 22
1. Begriff ..... 22
2. Entwicklung des Zollwertrechts ..... 22
3. Zollwertermittlung nach dem Unionszollkodex ..... 30
4. Zusammenfassung..... 32
V. Software ..... 32
1. Begriff ..... 32
2. Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung..... 35
3. Zollrechtliche Bedeutung ..... 36
VI. Umgang mit Software und Verfahren zur zollwertrechtlichen Erfassung ..... 36
1. Historische Entwicklung der zollwertrechtlichen Erfassung von Software ..... 37
2. Zollwertermittlung nach aktueller Rechtslage ..... 44
3. Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs..... 68
4. Schwierigkeiten und Problembereiche ..... 87
5. Grund und Ursache der Lücken: Versehen, Absicht, Nichtvorhersehbar? ..... 108
VII. Konsequenzen und Tragweite fehlender Regelungen ..... 112
1. Allgemeine und tatsächliche Folgen ..... 112
2. Unglückliche Situationen: Folgenbetrachtung aus Sicht der WTO/ WZO ..... 116
3. Lösungsvorschläge nach aktueller Rechtslage ..... 135
4. Zukünftige Lösungsmöglichkeiten ..... 144
VIII. Schluss ..... 193
1. Perspektive und Ausblick ..... 193
2. Schlussfolgerungen ..... 195
Effect of superconducting fluctuations on ultrasound in unconventional superconductor
Creators: name: Mar'enko, M. S.
name: Bourbonnais, C.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalization of sound attenuation and sound velocity by fluctuation Cooper pairs in layered superconductors. We consider the influence of s- and d-wave symmetry of the fluctuating order parameter, on both longitudinal and transverse phonon modes. We show that both unconventional order parameter symmetry and transverse sound polarization suppress the AL and MT terms, while the DOS contribution is the least affected. The combination of these effects can change the sign of the overall fluctuation corrections above Tc. We also compare the results obtained using the Ginzburg-Landau formalism with a microscopic derivation of the fluctuation corrections to the sound velocity in both s- and d-wave superconductors. These calculations are motivated by ongoing ultrasound measurements in organic superconductors.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Electrode Configurations for Fast Separation of Trapped Ions
Creators: name: Home, J. P.
name: Steane, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of designing electrode structures that allow pairs of ions to be brought together and separated rapidly in an array of linear Paul traps. We show that it is desirable for the electrode structure to produce a d.c. octupole moment with an a.c. radial quadrupole. For the case where electrical breakdown limits the voltages that can be applied, we show that the octupole is more demanding than the quadrupole when the characteristic distance scale of the structure is larger than 1 to 10 microns (for typical materials). We present a variety of approaches and optimizations of structures consisting of one to three layers of electrodes. The three-layer structures allow the fastest operation at given distance r from the trap centres to the nearest electrode surface, but when the total thickness w of the structure is constrained, leading to w < r, then two-layer structures may be preferable.
description: 37 pages, 19 figures. New version clarified, conclusions updated, and new sections on micromotion, example trap, manufacturing imprecision, plus some further general information
title: A Testing Tool Visualizing and Ensuring Data-Flow Coverage
Creators: name: Troost, Laura Elisa
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 004 Computer science
subject: 330 Economics

description: According to different studies, data-flow coverage is more effective in exposing errors than common
control-flow metrics. However, there are not many suitable and available data-flow analysis tools.
This report illustrates the technical details of the implementation of Dacite (Data-flow Coverage for Imperative Testing). Dacite is an open-source tool able to dynamically derive the covered data flow of
a given Java program and its JUnit test cases. Using the Language Server Protocol, it visualizes the
data flow within common IDEs. Moreover, Dacite provides feedback about the not-covered data flow
and automatically generates test cases for these by using symbolic execution.
description: Working Paper Sketch ..... 3
1 Introduction ..... 4
2 Related Work ..... 4
3 Dacite Overview ..... 5
4 Dacite Core ..... 8
4.1 Bytecode Instrumentation ..... 9
4.2 Dynamic Analysis ..... 14
4.3 Analysis during Symbolic Execution ..... 17
5 Language Server Protocol ..... 19
5.1 LSP Message Types ..... 19
5.2 Workflow ..... 21
5.3 Language Server ..... 24
5.4 Language Client ..... 28
5.4.1 Intellij IDEA ..... 28
5.4.2 VS Code ..... 32
6 Conclusion ..... 34
6.1 Summary ..... 34
6.2 Future Work ..... 34
ResKD: Residual-Guided Knowledge Distillation
Creators: name: Li, Xuewei
name: Li, Songyuan
name: Omar, Bourahla
name: Wu, Fei
name: Li, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge distillation, aimed at transferring the knowledge from a heavy teacher network to a lightweight student network, has emerged as a promising technique for compressing neural networks. However, due to the capacity gap between the heavy teacher and the lightweight student, there still exists a significant performance gap between them. In this paper, we see knowledge distillation in a fresh light, using the knowledge gap, or the residual, between a teacher and a student as guidance to train a much more lightweight student, called a res-student. We combine the student and the res-student into a new student, where the res-student rectifies the errors of the former student. Such a residual-guided process can be repeated until the user strikes the balance between accuracy and cost. At inference time, we propose a sample-adaptive strategy to decide which res-students are not necessary for each sample, which can save computational cost. Experimental results show that we achieve competitive performance with 18.04$\%$, 23.14$\%$, 53.59$\%$, and 56.86$\%$ of the teachers' computational costs on the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, Tiny-ImageNet, and ImageNet datasets. Finally, we do thorough theoretical and empirical analysis for our method.
description: The first two authors (Xuewei Li and Songyuan Li) contribute equally. Accepted to IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING (TIP)
ESM File 1: Supplementary Info from Flexibility in an emergency life-history stage: acute food deprivation prevents sickness behaviour but not the immune response
Creators: name: Wilsterman, Kathryn
name: Mattina Alonge
name: Ernst, Darcy K.
name: Limber, Cody
name: Treidel, Lisa A.
name: Bentley, George E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Contains Supplementary Methods and Discussion, and captions for supplemental tables and figures
ESM File 5: Supplementary Fig 2 from Flexibility in an emergency life-history stage: acute food deprivation prevents sickness behaviour but not the immune response
Creators: name: Wilsterman, Kathryn
name: Mattina Alonge
name: Ernst, Darcy K.
name: Limber, Cody
name: Treidel, Lisa A.
name: Bentley, George E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Boxplots of mass regained overnight.
Dynamics of shallow impact cratering
Creators: name: Ambroso, M. A.
name: Kamien, R. D.
name: Durian, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present data for the time-dependence of wooden spheres penetrating into a loose non-cohesive packing of glass beads. The stopping time is a factor of three longer than the time $d/v_\circ$ needed to travel the total penetration distance $d$ at the impact speed $v_\circ$. The acceleration decreases monotonically throughout the impact. These kinematics are modelled by a position- and velocity-dependent stopping force that is constrained to reproduce prior observations for the scaling of the penetration depth with the total drop distance.
description: 4 pages, experiment
Text scraping biology textbooks; Obtaining scientists’ year of birth from Wikipedia pages; Power analysis and testing for significant deviations between years; Figure S1: Histogram of effect sizes; Figure S2: Power analysis from A scientist like me: demographic analysis of biology textbooks reveals both progress and long-term lags
Creators: name: Wood, Sara
name: Henning, Jeremiah A.
name: Luoying Chen
name: McKibben, Taylor
name: Smith, Michael L.
name: Weber, Marjorie
name: Ash Zemenick
name: Ballen, Cissy J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Histogram of effect sizes () of yearly deviations between observed and expected textbook citations by binary men and women scientists. Orange lines indicate a ‘ small’ = 0.1, ‘medium’ = 0.3, ‘large’ = 0.5 effect sizes following Cohen's (1988) conventions. Mean effect size across 35 years of data is plotted in purple (0.2338) indicate that most of our effect sizes were overall small indicating high overlap between observed and expected values with fewer years with a large effect size. ; Power analysis to explore variation in the effect of effect size () need to detect a significant difference in observed and expected textbook citations as a function of the number of citations per year (replicates) (black). Vertical dotted grey lines indicate the lower- and upper bounds of the number of citations within all textbooks in a given year, with the dashed vertical grey line indicating the mean number of citations. Dotted horizontal grey lines indicate the lower- and upper bounds of within each year and the dashed horizontal grey line indicates the mean across all years (0.2338). Years in orange indicate p < 0.05, purple indicates p < 0.10.
A review of Multi-Agent Simulation Models in Agriculture
Creators: name: Kaye-Blake, William
name: Li, Frank Y.
name: Martin, A. McLeish
name: McDermott, Alan
name: Neil, Hayley
name: Rains, Scott
name: Kaye-Blake, William
name: Li, Frank Y.
name: Martin, A. McLeish
name: McDermott, Alan
name: Neil, Hayley
name: Rains, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: multi-agent simulation models
subject: modelling
subject: agent-based model
subject: cellular automata
subject: decision-making

description: Multi-Agent Simulation (MAS) models are intended to capture emergent properties of complex systems that are not amenable to equilibrium analysis. They are beginning to see some use for analysing agricultural systems. The paper reports on work in progress to create a MAS for specific sectors in New Zealand agriculture. One part of the paper focuses on options for modelling land and other resources such as water, labour and capital in this model, as well as markets for exchanging resources and commodities. A second part considers options for modelling agent heterogeneity, especially risk preferences of farmers, and the impacts on decision-making. The final section outlines the MAS that the authors will be constructing over the next few years and the types of research questions that the model will help investigate.