cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statistical physics of crime: A review
Creators: name: D'Orsogna, Maria R.
name: Perc, Matjaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Containing the spreading of crime in urban societies remains a major challenge. Empirical evidence suggests that, left unchecked, crimes may be recurrent and proliferate. On the other hand, eradicating a culture of crime may be difficult, especially under extreme social circumstances that impair the creation of a shared sense of social responsibility. Although our understanding of the mechanisms that drive the emergence and diffusion of crime is still incomplete, recent research highlights applied mathematics and methods of statistical physics as valuable theoretical resources that may help us better understand criminal activity. We review different approaches aimed at modeling and improving our understanding of crime, focusing on the nucleation of crime hotspots using partial differential equations, self-exciting point process and agent-based modeling, adversarial evolutionary games, and the network science behind the formation of gangs and large-scale organized crime. We emphasize that statistical physics of crime can relevantly inform the design of successful crime prevention strategies, as well as improve the accuracy of expectations about how different policing interventions should impact malicious human activity deviating from social norms. We also outline possible directions for future research, related to the effects of social and coevolving networks and to the hierarchical growth of criminal structures due to self-organization.
description: 15 two-column pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in Physics of Life Reviews
Cytotoxicity evaluation of methacrylate-based resins for clinical endodontics in vitro.
Creators: name: Wadajkar, A.
name: Zhu, Q.
name: Bellinger, L.L.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Ahn, C.
name: Nguyen, K.T.
name: Opperman, L.A.
name: Garza, E.G., , Dallas, TX, United States
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study examines the cytotoxicity of Super-Bond C&B (SB-C&B), Super-Bond RC Sealer (SB-RC), MetaSEAL (Meta), and AH Plus Sealer (AH+). Freshly mixed and set materials (100 mg) were prepared in vitro and placed in cell culture medium (1 mL) for the working time and for 6 h, respectively. L929 cells seeded into 96-well plates at 5,000 cells/well were incubated with the eluted medium (200 μL) for 24 h. Cells cultured with medium alone served as the control. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTS assay and analyzed with ANOVA. In the freshly mixed group, the average ± SD (%) for cell viability were 66.0 ± 13.6, 55.5 ± 15.6, 10.6 ± 0.7, and 8.9 ± 2.2 for SB-C&B, SB-RC, Meta, and AH+, respectively. In the set group, the average ± SD (%) for cell viability were 100 ± 21.9, 81.8 ± 38.5, 24.9 ± 7.9, and 23.6 ± 10.0 for SB-C&B, SB-RC, Meta, and AH+, respectively. SB-C&B and SB-RC are less cytotoxic than are Meta and AH+.
Additional file 1 of Association of electronic cigarette use and suicidal behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Awad, Abdelaziz A.
name: Itumalla, Ramaiah
name: Gaidhane, Abhay M.
name: Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli
name: Ballal, Suhas
name: Bansal, Pooja
name: Srivastava, Manish
name: Arora, Isha
name: Kumar, MRavi
name: Sinha, Aashna
name: Pant, Kumud
name: Serhan, Hashem Abu
name: Shabil, Muhammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Comparison of traditional six-year and new four-year dental curricula in South Korea.
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Kim, K.J.
name: Ahn, C.
name: Oh, H.W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study aimed to compare the dental curriculum of the traditional six-year system with that of the new four-year (graduate-entry) system in South Korea. There are 11 dental schools in South Korea: six are public and five are private. Eight offer the new four-year program and the other three offer the traditional six-year program. Descriptive analyses were conducted using bibliographic data and local information along with statistical analyses such as chi-square tests. In the six-year programs, clinical dentistry subjects were taught almost equally in practical and didactic courses, while the basic science courses were taught more often as practical courses (P < 0.0001). In the four-year programs, both the basic science and clinical dentistry subjects were taught didactically more often; while more dentistry subjects were taught than basic sciences (P = 0.004). The four-year program model in South Korea is more focused on dentistry than on basic science, while both basic and clinical dentistry subjects were equally taught in the six-year program.
title: Analyzing Student Writing: A Multiple Case Study Exploring Kindergarten Teacher Knowledge of Early Writing Development
Creators: name: Watson, Nanette Mills
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The developmental nature of early writing warrants targeted instruction in writing concepts and skills in kindergarten classrooms. Given the complexity of writing and early writing development, research into kindergarten teacher knowledge of early writing development and how this influences instructional practices is appropriate.
To conduct this research, data was collected from an online questionnaire, a semistructured interview, and student writing sample analysis tasks of five kindergarten teachers. Qualitative data analysis was conducted and provided descriptions of individual teachers’ instructional practices for writing and an in-depth description of the proposed teacher-student interactions from the student writing sample analysis tasks. Findings revealed that influences other than knowledge of early writing development exist and impact instructional practices of writing.
Estimating the principal components of correlation matrices from all their empirical eigenvectors
Creators: name: Monasson, Rémi
name: Villamaina, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating the principal components of a population correlation matrix from a limited number of measurement data. Using a combination of random matrix and information-theoretic tools, we show that all the eigenmodes of the sample correlation matrices are informative, and not only the top ones. We show how this information can be exploited when prior information about the principal component, such as whether it is localized or not, is available by mapping the estimation problem onto the search for the ground state of a spin-glass-like effective Hamiltonian encoding the prior. Results are illustrated numerically on the spiked covariance model.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Europhysics Letters
Quantum Interference of Identical Photons from Remote GaAs Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Zhai, Liang
name: Nguyen, Giang N.
name: Spinnler, Clemens
name: Ritzmann, Julian
name: Löbl, Matthias C.
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Javadi, Alisa
name: Warburton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic quantum technology provides a viable route to quantum communication, quantum simulation, and quantum information processing. Recent progress has seen the realisation of boson sampling using 20 single-photons and quantum key distribution over hundreds of kilometres. Scaling the complexity requires architectures containing multiple photon-sources, photon-counters, and a large number of indistinguishable single photons. Semiconductor quantum dots are bright and fast sources of coherent single-photons. For applications, a significant roadblock is the poor quantum coherence upon interfering single photons created by independent quantum dots. Here, we demonstrate two-photon interference with near-unity visibility ($93.0\pm0.8$)\% using photons from two completely separate GaAs quantum dots. The experiment retains all the emission into the zero-phonon-line -- only the weak phonon-sideband is rejected -- and temporal post-selection is not employed. Exploiting the quantum interference, we demonstrate a photonic controlled-not circuit and an entanglement with fidelity ($85.0\pm 1.0$)\% between photons of different origins. The two-photon interference visibility is high enough that the entanglement fidelity is well above the classical threshold. The high mutual-coherence of the photons stems from high-quality materials, a diode-structure, and the relatively large quantum dot size. Our results establish a platform, GaAs QDs, for creating coherent single photons in a scalable way.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, supplementary information included in a separate PDF
การพัฒนาสื่อการสอนอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ รายวิชา ESS 110 ว่ายน้ำ
Creators: name: สุจิตรา บุญเกิด
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: Efficiency of the e-Learning
Electronic Courseware Media of ESS 110 : Swimming
Teaching and Learning Development
ความพึงพอใจของผู้เรียน
ประสิทธิภาพสื่อการสอน
สื่อการสอนอิเล็กทรอนิกส์รายวิชา ESS110 : ว่ายน้ำ

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 2, 66-83
Concrescence of permanent maxillary second and third molars: case report of non-surgical root canal treatment.
Creators: name: Lin, L.M.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Foran, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Concrescence is a rare developmental anomaly with an overall incidence of 0.8% in the permanent dentition. While many case reports describe the treatment of concrescence with extraction, there are few reports of non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT), due to the atypical root form, canal morphology, and technical difficulties involved in concrescence. This unique case report describes a technical modification of NSRCT that can retain joined posterior maxillary teeth to maintain natural posterior occlusion without surgical intervention or dental implants, thereby avoiding the risk of damage to a large portion of the alveolar bone near the maxillary sinus.
Generalized Fractional Counting Process
Creators: name: Kataria, K. K.
name: Khandakar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 60G22, 91B30

description: In this paper, we obtain additional results for a fractional counting process introduced and studied by Di Crescenzo et al. (2016). For convenience, we call it the generalized fractional counting process (GFCP). It is shown that the one-dimensional distributions of the GFCP are not infinitely divisible. Its covariance structure is studied using which its long-range dependence property is established. It is shown that the increments of GFCP exhibits the short-range dependence property. Also, we prove that the GFCP is a scaling limit of some continuous time random walk. A particular case of the GFCP, namely, the generalized counting process (GCP) is discussed for which we obtain a limiting result, a martingale result and establish a recurrence relation for its probability mass function. We have shown that many known counting processes such as the Poisson process of order $k$, the Pólya-Aeppli process of order $k$, the negative binomial process and their fractional versions etc. are other special cases of the GFCP. An application of the GCP to risk theory is discussed.
Infinitely many solutions for Schrödinger-Newton equations
Creators: name: Hu, Yeyao
name: Jevnikar, Aleks
name: Xie, Weihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35B45, 35J40

description: We prove the existence of infinitely many non-radial positive solutions for the Schrödinger-Newton system $$ \left\{\begin{array}{ll} Δu- V(|x|)u + Ψu=0, &x\in\mathbb{R}^3,\newline ΔΨ+\frac12 u^2=0, &x\in\mathbb{R}^3, \end{array}\right. $$ provided that $V(r)$ has the following behavior at infinity: $$ V(r)=V_0+\frac{a}{r^m}+O\left(\frac{1}{r^{m+θ}}\right) \quad\mbox{ as } r\rightarrow\infty, $$ where $\frac12\le m<1$ and $a, V_0, θ$ are some positive constants. In particular, for any $s$ large we use a reduction method to construct $s-$bump solutions lying on a circle of radius $r\sim (s\log s)^{\frac{1}{1-m}}$.
description: 18 pages
Visual Probing: Cognitive Framework for Explaining Self-Supervised Image Representations
Creators: name: Oleszkiewicz, Witold
name: Basaj, Dominika
name: Sieradzki, Igor
name: Górszczak, Michał
name: Rychalska, Barbara
name: Lewandowska, Koryna
name: Trzciński, Tomasz
name: Zieliński, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently introduced self-supervised methods for image representation learning provide on par or superior results to their fully supervised competitors, yet the corresponding efforts to explain the self-supervised approaches lag behind. Motivated by this observation, we introduce a novel visual probing framework for explaining the self-supervised models by leveraging probing tasks employed previously in natural language processing. The probing tasks require knowledge about semantic relationships between image parts. Hence, we propose a systematic approach to obtain analogs of natural language in vision, such as visual words, context, and taxonomy. Our proposal is grounded in Marr's computational theory of vision and concerns features like textures, shapes, and lines. We show the effectiveness and applicability of those analogs in the context of explaining self-supervised representations. Our key findings emphasize that relations between language and vision can serve as an effective yet intuitive tool for discovering how machine learning models work, independently of data modality. Our work opens a plethora of research pathways towards more explainable and transparent AI.
description: Submitted to IEEE Access
ปัจจัยทางจิตวิทยาที่เกี่ยวข้องกับแนวทางการปฏิบัติศาสนกิจของพระนิสิตชั้นปีที่ 4 มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย
Creators: name: เจษฎากานต์ กองทา
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: Approached Of Religious Practice
Psychological Factors Related
The Fourth Year Student At Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University
ปัจจัยทางจิตวิทยาที่เกี่ยวข้อง
พระนิสิตชั้นปีที่4 มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย
แนวทางการปฏิบัติศาสนกิจ

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 2, 84-97
Additional file 5 of Dimethyl fumarate reduces TNF and Plasmodium falciparum induced brain endothelium activation in vitro
Creators: name: Neida K. Mita-Mendoza
name: Magallon-Tejada, Ariel
name: Parmar, Priyanka
name: Furtado, Raquel
name: Aldrich, Margaret
name: Saidi, Alex
name: Taylor, Terrie
name: Smith, Joe
name: Seydel, Karl
name: Daily, Johanna P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5. Binding specificity of P. falciparum parasites ITgICAM1 and IT4var19 to HBMVEC. A. Binding of ITgICAM1 (DC17) IE to resting and TNF activated HBMVEC is shown as percent binding to HBMVEC relative to unstimulated HBMVEC. Inhibitory antibodies against ICAM1 (mAb15.2) or IgG isotype control were added to HBMVEC monolayers prior to IE cytoadherence. B. Binding of IT4var19 (DC8) IE to resting HBMVEC is shown as percent binding to HBMVEC. Inhibitory antibodies against EPCR (mAb252) or IgG isotype control were added to HBMVEC monolayers prior to IE cytoadherence (n = 3 independent experiments). Results shown were analysed using analysis of variance followed by post-hoc multiple comparisons using Turkey’s test, ***p
Oficina De Restauro Público: Ações Técnico Tecnológicas, Educativas E De Formação Em Ouro Preto/MG
Creators: name: Camila Lana Verardo
name: Bárbara Helena Almeida Carmo
name: Regis Eduardo Martins
name: Paola de Macedo Gomes Dias Villas Bôas
name: Beatriz Maria Graçano Dalpizzol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

 
description: Ouro Preto, tombada desde 1938 e reconhecida pela UNESCO como Patrimônio Cultural da Humanidade, é um marco histórico do Brasil. Parte desse patrimônio, no entanto, está em degradação devido à ação do tempo, mudanças climáticas e falta de conservação sistemática. Políticas públicas focadas no tombamento e a transferência de responsabilidade para a população, especialmente de baixa renda, agravam a situação.Para enfrentar esses desafios, o curso de Tecnologia em Conservação e Restauro do IFMG criou, em 2014, o projeto de extensão “Oficina de Restauro Público”. O objetivo é fornecer condições adequadas para a população cuidar de seus imóveis e permitir que os alunos apliquem conhecimentos práticos. O projeto também busca formar trabalhadores em técnicas tradicionais de conservação, atendendo moradores de baixa renda e associações comunitárias. A seleção dos imóveis envolve ações de sensibilização e assistência técnica, incluindo a produção de documentos e acompanhamento in loco.A prática construtiva, integrada ao ensino, pesquisa e extensão, é fundamental para a formação dos conservadores restauradores. Em 2024, o projeto vem expandindo suas atividades, enriquecendo práticas pedagógicas e beneficiando a comunidade. Com financiamento do Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo de Minas Gerais e parcerias com o IPHAN, Prefeitura de Ouro Preto e Instituto de Arte Contemporânea de Ouro Preto, o projeto facilitou a reforma de três edificações e a realização de oficinas gratuitas sobre técnicas de conservação. O projeto demonstra comprometimento com a preservação do patrimônio e a melhoria da qualidade de vida da comunidade, promovendo autonomia e pertencimento. A ampliação das ações coletivas reforça a tutela pública sobre os bens culturais.
Dynamics of nanoparticles in polydisperse polymer networks: From free diffusion to hopping
Creators: name: Sorichetti, Valerio
name: Hugouvieux, Virginie
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics simulations we study the static and dynamic properties of spherical nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a disordered and polydisperse polymer network. Purely repulsive (RNP) as well as weakly attractive (ANP) polymer-NP interactions are considered. It is found that for both types of particles the NP dynamics at intermediate and at long times is controlled by the confinement parameter $C=σ_N/λ$, where $σ_N$ is the NP diameter and $λ$ is the dynamic localization length of the crosslinks. Three dynamical regimes are identified: i) For weak confinement ($C \lesssim 1$) the NPs can freely diffuse through the mesh; ii) For strong confinement ($C \gtrsim 1$) NPs proceed by means of activated hopping; iii) For extreme confinement ($C \gtrsim 3$) the mean squared displacement shows on intermediate time scales a quasi-plateau since the NPs are trapped by the mesh for very long times. Escaping from this local cage is a process that depends strongly on the local environment, thus giving rise to an extremely heterogeneous relaxation dynamics. The simulation data are compared with the two main theories for the diffusion process of NPs in gels. Both theories give a very good description of the $C-$dependence of the NP diffusion constant, but fail to reproduce the heterogeneous dynamics at intermediate time scales.
description: 62 pages, 24 figures
Classification of metric measure spaces and their ends using $p$-harmonic functions
Creators: name: Bjorn, Anders
name: Bjorn, Jana
name: Shanmugalingam, Nageswari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31E05 (primary) 30L10, 31C45, 35J92, 46E36 (secondary)

description: By seeing whether a Liouville type theorem holds for positive, bounded, and/or finite energy $p$-harmonic and $p$-quasiharmonic functions, we classify proper metric spaces equipped with a locally doubling measure supporting a local $p$-Poincaré inequality. Similar classifications have earlier been obtained for Riemann surfaces and Riemannian manifolds. We also study the inclusions between these classes of metric measure spaces, and their relationship to the $p$-hyperbolicity of the metric space and its ends. In particular, we characterize spaces that carry nonconstant $p$-harmonic functions with finite energy as spaces having at least two well-separated $p$-hyperbolic sequences. We also show that every such space $X$ has a function $f \notin L^p(X) + \mathbb{R} $ with finite $p$-energy.
description: 27 pages
Cemento-osseous dysplasia in an elderly Asian male: a case report.
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Zhu, Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Cemento-osseous dysplasia is a disorder typically found in middle-aged black women. However, the present report describes a case in a 61-year-old Vietnamese male. Without proper pulp testing and diagnosis, the radiographic presentation can easily be misdiagnosed as periapical periodontitis. On the basis of pulp vitality, lack of clinical symptoms and radiographic features, the diagnosis in this case was periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia at the mixed stage, which generally requires no treatment. At the 18-month follow-up, the patient was still asymptomatic and none of the clinical signs had changed. This case highlights the importance of careful clinical examination, including a pulp vitality test, and of having an unbiased view of age, gender, and ethnicity when diagnosing this condition.
AdS black holes in the framework of nonlinear electrodynamics, thermodynamics and Joule--Thomson expansion
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamics and phase transitions of magnetic Anti-de Sitter black holes are studied. We consider an extended phase space thermodynamics with the cosmological constant being a thermodynamic pressure and the black hole mass is treated as a chemical enthalpy. The extended phase space thermodynamics of black holes mimics the behavior of the Van der Walls liquid. Quantities conjugated to the coupling of nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) and a magnetic charge are obtained. Thermodynamic critical points of phase transitions are investigated. It is demonstrated that the first law of black hole thermodynamics and the generalized Smarr relation take place. The Joule--Thomson adiabatic expansion of NED-AdS black holes is studied. The dependence of inversion temperature on pressure and the minimum of inversion temperature are found.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Propagation of chaos: a review of models, methods and applications. II. Applications
Creators: name: Chaintron, Louis-Pierre
name: Diez, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C22, 82C40, 35Q70, 65C35, 92-10

description: The notion of propagation of chaos for large systems of interacting particles originates in statistical physics and has recently become a central notion in many areas of applied mathematics. The present review describes old and new methods as well as several important results in the field. The models considered include the McKean-Vlasov diffusion, the mean-field jump models and the Boltzmann models. The first part of this review is an introduction to modelling aspects of stochastic particle systems and to the notion of propagation of chaos. The second part presents concrete applications and a more detailed study of some of the important models in the field.
description: 190 pages. This is the second part of a two-part review article. The first part can be accessed at arXiv:2203.00446
HOMs Simulation and Measurement Results of IHEP02 Cavity
Creators: name: Zheng, Hongjuan
name: Zhai, Jiyuan
name: Zhao, Tongxian
name: Gao, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cavities, there exists not only the fundamental mode which is used to accelerate the beam but also higher order modes (HOMs). The higher order modes excited by beam can seriously affect beam quality, especially for the higher R/Q modes. This paper reports on measured results of higher order modes in the IHEP02 1.3GHz low-loss 9-cell superconducting cavity. Using different methods, Qe of the dangerous modes passbands have been got. The results are compared with TESLA cavity results. R/Q of the first three passbands have also been got by simulation and compared with the results of TESLA cavity.
Skellam and Time-Changed Variants of the Generalized Fractional Counting Process
Creators: name: Kataria, K. K.
name: Khandakar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G22, 60G55

description: In this paper, we study a Skellam type variant of the generalized counting process (GCP), namely, the generalized Skellam process. Some of its distributional properties such as the probability mass function, probability generating function, mean, variance and covariance are obtained. Its fractional version, namely, the generalized fractional Skellam process (GFSP) is considered by time-changing it with an independent inverse stable subordinator. It is observed that the GFSP is a Skellam type version of the generalized fractional counting process (GFCP) which is a fractional variant of the GCP. It is shown that the one-dimensional distributions of the GFSP are not infinitely divisible. An integral representation for its state probabilities is obtained. We establish its long-range dependence property by using its variance and covariance structure. Also, we consider two time-changed versions of the GFCP. These are obtained by time-changing the GFCP by an independent Lévy subordinator and its inverse. Some particular cases of these time-changed processes are discussed by considering specific Lévy subordinators.
A Rewriting Coherence Theorem with Applications in Homotopy Type Theory
Creators: name: Kraus, Nicolai
name: von Raumer, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.1

description: Higher-dimensional rewriting systems are tools to analyse the structure of formally reducing terms to normal forms, as well as comparing the different reduction paths that lead to those normal forms. This higher structure can be captured by finding a homotopy basis for the rewriting system. We show that the basic notions of confluence and wellfoundedness are sufficient to recursively build such a homotopy basis, with a construction reminiscent of an argument by Craig C. Squier. We then go on to translate this construction to the setting of homotopy type theory, where managing equalities between paths is important in order to construct functions which are coherent with respect to higher dimensions. Eventually, we apply the result to approximate a series of open questions in homotopy type theory, such as the characterisation of the homotopy groups of the free group on a set and the pushout of 1-types. This paper expands on our previous conference contribution "Coherence via Wellfoundedness" (arXiv:2001.07655) by laying out the construction in the language of higher-dimensional rewriting.
description: 34 pages; expands on and reuses material of our previous conference paper "Coherence via Well-Foundedness", arXiv:2001.07655
Dental education in Colombia.
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Pulido, J.H.
name: Bird, W.F.
name: Núñez, J.A.
name: Jaramillo, J.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This article describes Colombia's development of formal dentistry, its dental school system, curriculum, and dental licensure, and current issues in oral health care. In 1969, there were only 4 dental schools in Colombia; at this writing there are 21. Five dental schools are public and the other 16 are private. Nearly all classes are conducted in Spanish. Undergraduate pre-dental coursework is not a prerequisite for dental school in Colombia. To obtain licensure, Colombian dental students must complete 5 years of study in dental school, earn a diploma, and work for the government for 1 year. There are approximately 41,400 dentists in Colombia, and the number is increasing quickly. However, the unemployment rate among dentists is very high, even though graduation from dental school is extremely difficult. Although the 1,100:1 ratio of citizens to dentists is considered satisfactory, access to dental care is limited due to the high rate of poverty.
Oficina de restauro público: ações técnico tecnológicas, educativas e de formação em Ouro Preto/MG
Creators: name: Verardo, Camila Lana
name: Almeida Carmo, Bárbara Helena
name: Martins, Regis Eduardo
name: de Macedo Gomes Dias Villas Bôas, Paola
name: Graçano Dalpizzol, Beatriz Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

 
description: Ouro Preto, tombada desde 1938 e reconhecida pela UNESCO como Patrimônio Cultural da Humanidade, é um marco histórico do Brasil. Parte desse patrimônio, no entanto, está em degradação devido à ação do tempo, mudanças climáticas e falta de conservação sistemática. Políticas públicas focadas no tombamento e a transferência de responsabilidade para a população, especialmente de baixa renda, agravam a situação.Para enfrentar esses desafios, o curso de Tecnologia em Conservação e Restauro do IFMG criou, em 2014, o projeto de extensão “Oficina de Restauro Público”. O objetivo é fornecer condições adequadas para a população cuidar de seus imóveis e permitir que os alunos apliquem conhecimentos práticos. O projeto também busca formar trabalhadores em técnicas tradicionais de conservação, atendendo moradores de baixa renda e associações comunitárias. A seleção dos imóveis envolve ações de sensibilização e assistência técnica, incluindo a produção de documentos e acompanhamento in loco.A prática construtiva, integrada ao ensino, pesquisa e extensão, é fundamental para a formação dos conservadores restauradores. Em 2024, o projeto vem expandindo suas atividades, enriquecendo práticas pedagógicas e beneficiando a comunidade. Com financiamento do Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo de Minas Gerais e parcerias com o IPHAN, Prefeitura de Ouro Preto e Instituto de Arte Contemporânea de Ouro Preto, o projeto facilitou a reforma de três edificações e a realização de oficinas gratuitas sobre técnicas de conservação. O projeto demonstra comprometimento com a preservação do patrimônio e a melhoria da qualidade de vida da comunidade, promovendo autonomia e pertencimento. A ampliação das ações coletivas reforça a tutela pública sobre os bens culturais.
A Hebbian/Anti-Hebbian Network for Online Sparse Dictionary Learning Derived from Symmetric Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Hu, Tao
name: Pehlevan, Cengiz
name: Chklovskii, Dmitri B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Olshausen and Field (OF) proposed that neural computations in the primary visual cortex (V1) can be partially modeled by sparse dictionary learning. By minimizing the regularized representation error they derived an online algorithm, which learns Gabor-filter receptive fields from a natural image ensemble in agreement with physiological experiments. Whereas the OF algorithm can be mapped onto the dynamics and synaptic plasticity in a single-layer neural network, the derived learning rule is nonlocal - the synaptic weight update depends on the activity of neurons other than just pre- and postsynaptic ones - and hence biologically implausible. Here, to overcome this problem, we derive sparse dictionary learning from a novel cost-function - a regularized error of the symmetric factorization of the input's similarity matrix. Our algorithm maps onto a neural network of the same architecture as OF but using only biologically plausible local learning rules. When trained on natural images our network learns Gabor-filter receptive fields and reproduces the correlation among synaptic weights hard-wired in the OF network. Therefore, online symmetric matrix factorization may serve as an algorithmic theory of neural computation.
description: 2014 Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. v2: fixed a typo in equation 23
Primes between consecutive powers
Creators: name: Cully-Hugill, Michaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N05, 11M06

description: This paper updates the explicit interval estimate for primes between consecutive powers. It is shown that there is least one prime between $n^{155}$ and $(n+1)^{155}$ for all $n\geq 1$. This result is in part obtained with a new explicit version of Goldston's 1983 estimate for the error in the truncated Riemann--von Mangoldt explicit formula.
description: This is the published version
Post-Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff formalism for relativistic stars
Creators: name: Glampedakis, Kostas
name: Pappas, George
name: Silva, Hector O.
name: Berti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Besides their astrophysical interest, compact stars also provide an arena for understanding the properties of theories of gravity that differ from Einstein's general relativity. Numerous studies have shown that different modified theories of gravity can modify the bulk properties (such as mass and radius) of neutron stars for given assumptions on the microphysics. What is not usually stressed though is the strong degeneracy in the predictions of these theories for the stellar mass and radius. Motivated by this observation, in this paper we take an alternative route and construct a stellar structure formalism which, without adhering to any particular theory of gravity, describes in a simple parametrized form the departure from compact stars in general relativity. This "post-Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV)" formalism for spherical static stars is inspired by the well-known parametrized post-Newtonian theory, extended to second post-Newtonian order by adding suitable correction terms to the fully relativistic TOV equations. We show how neutron star properties are modified within our formalism, paying special attention to the effect of each correction term. We also show that the formalism is equivalent to general relativity with an "effective" (gravity-modified) equation of state.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, 1 table. Minor changes to match version published in PRD
Oficina de Restauro Público: Ações Técnico Tecnológicas, Educativas e de Formação em Ouro Preto/MG
Creators: name: Camila Lana Verardo
name: Bárbara Helena Almeida Carmo
name: Regis Eduardo Martins
name: Paola de Macedo Gomes Dias Villas Bôas
name: Beatriz Maria Graçano Dalpizzol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

 
description: Ouro Preto, tombada desde 1938 e reconhecida pela UNESCO como Patrimônio Cultural da Humanidade, é um marco histórico do Brasil. Parte desse patrimônio, no entanto, está em degradação devido à ação do tempo, mudanças climáticas e falta de conservação sistemática. Políticas públicas focadas no tombamento e a transferência de responsabilidade para a população, especialmente de baixa renda, agravam a situação.Para enfrentar esses desafios, o curso de Tecnologia em Conservação e Restauro do IFMG criou, em 2014, o projeto de extensão “Oficina de Restauro Público”. O objetivo é fornecer condições adequadas para a população cuidar de seus imóveis e permitir que os alunos apliquem conhecimentos práticos. O projeto também busca formar trabalhadores em técnicas tradicionais de conservação, atendendo moradores de baixa renda e associações comunitárias. A seleção dos imóveis envolve ações de sensibilização e assistência técnica, incluindo a produção de documentos e acompanhamento in loco.A prática construtiva, integrada ao ensino, pesquisa e extensão, é fundamental para a formação dos conservadores restauradores. Em 2024, o projeto vem expandindo suas atividades, enriquecendo práticas pedagógicas e beneficiando a comunidade. Com financiamento do Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo de Minas Gerais e parcerias com o IPHAN, Prefeitura de Ouro Preto e Instituto de Arte Contemporânea de Ouro Preto, o projeto facilitou a reforma de três edificações e a realização de oficinas gratuitas sobre técnicas de conservação. O projeto demonstra comprometimento com a preservação do patrimônio e a melhoria da qualidade de vida da comunidade, promovendo autonomia e pertencimento. A ampliação das ações coletivas reforça a tutela pública sobre os bens culturais.
Viscosity of Silica and Doped Silica Melts: Evidence for a Crossover Temperature
Creators: name: Mauro, John C.
name: Kurkjian, Charles R.
name: Gupta, Prabhat K.
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silica is known as the archetypal strong liquid, exhibiting an Arrhenius viscosity curve with a high glass transition temperature and constant activation energy. However, given the ideally isostatic nature of the silica network, the presence of even a small concentration of defects can lead to a significant decrease in both the glass transition temperature and activation energy for viscous flow. To understand the impact of trace level dopants on the viscosity of silica, we measure the viscosity-temperature curves for seven silica glass samples having different impurities, including four natural and three synthetic samples. Depending on the type of dopant, the glass transition temperature can vary by nearly 300 K. A common crossover is found for all viscosity curves around ~2200-2500 K, which we attribute to a change of the transport mechanism in the melt from being dominated by intrinsic defects at high temperature to dopant-induced defects at low temperatures.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating the efficacy of an Advanced Care Planning Program for Health Decisions in patients with advanced heart failure: protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Sánchez, Beatriz
name: Guijarro, Carlos
name: Velasco, María
name: Vicente, María Jesús
name: Galán, Miguel
name: Herreros, Benjamín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Flow Diagram.
Connecting packing efficiency of binary hard sphere systems to their intermediate range structure
Creators: name: Yuan, Houfei
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Kob, Walter
name: Wang, Yujie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using computed x-ray tomography we determine the three dimensional (3d) structure of binary hard sphere mixtures as a function of composition and size ratio of the particles, q. Using a recently introduced four-point correlation function we reveal that this 3d structure has on intermediate and large length scales a surprisingly regular order, the symmetry of which depends on q. The related structural correlation length has a minimum at the composition at which the packing fraction is highest. At this composition also the number of different local particle arrangements has a maximum, indicating that efficient packing of particles is associated with a structure that is locally maximally disordered.
Dental education in Peru.
Creators: name: Sato, M.
name: Sato, D.
name: Rodiguez, L.
name: Bird, W.F.
name: Komabayashi, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This paper provides information about Peru's dental history and dental school system, including the curriculum and dental licensure. With the increase in the number of dental schools in Peru, the number of dentists is also increasing. Until 1965, Peru had only three dental schools; currently, there are 14. Four of these dental schools are public, and ten are private. A five- or six-year dental program leads to the B.D.S. degree. After successful completion of a thesis defense or competency examination, the D.D.S. degree is awarded. The D.D.S. is mandatory for practicing dentistry in Peru. Currently, there are approximately 14,000 active dentists, with a dentist-patient ratio of approximately 1:2,000.
Online Learning of Network Bottlenecks via Minimax Paths
Creators: name: Åkerblom, Niklas
name: Hoseini, Fazeleh Sadat
name: Chehreghani, Morteza Haghir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study bottleneck identification in networks via extracting minimax paths. Many real-world networks have stochastic weights for which full knowledge is not available in advance. Therefore, we model this task as a combinatorial semi-bandit problem to which we apply a combinatorial version of Thompson Sampling and establish an upper bound on the corresponding Bayesian regret. Due to the computational intractability of the problem, we then devise an alternative problem formulation which approximates the original objective. Finally, we experimentally evaluate the performance of Thompson Sampling with the approximate formulation on real-world directed and undirected networks.
Residual Correction in Real-Time Traffic Forecasting
Creators: name: Kim, Daejin
name: Cho, Youngin
name: Kim, Dongmin
name: Park, Cheonbok
name: Choo, Jaegul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting traffic conditions is tremendously challenging since every road is highly dependent on each other, both spatially and temporally. Recently, to capture this spatial and temporal dependency, specially designed architectures such as graph convolutional networks and temporal convolutional networks have been introduced. While there has been remarkable progress in traffic forecasting, we found that deep-learning-based traffic forecasting models still fail in certain patterns, mainly in event situations (e.g., rapid speed drops). Although it is commonly accepted that these failures are due to unpredictable noise, we found that these failures can be corrected by considering previous failures. Specifically, we observe autocorrelated errors in these failures, which indicates that some predictable information remains. In this study, to capture the correlation of errors, we introduce ResCAL, a residual estimation module for traffic forecasting, as a widely applicable add-on module to existing traffic forecasting models. Our ResCAL calibrates the prediction of the existing models in real time by estimating future errors using previous errors and graph signals. Extensive experiments on METR-LA and PEMS-BAY demonstrate that our ResCAL can correctly capture the correlation of errors and correct the failures of various traffic forecasting models in event situations.
description: Accepted to CIKM 2022
Tasting Flavoured Majorana Dark Matter
Creators: name: Acaroğlu, Harun
name: Blanke, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simplified model of flavoured Majorana dark matter in the Dark Minimal Flavour Violation framework. The model extends the Standard Model by a dark matter flavour triplet and a scalar mediator, through which the new dark fermions couple to right-handed up-type quarks. This interaction is governed by a new coupling matrix $λ$ which is assumed to constitute the only new source of flavour and CP violation. We analyse the parameter space of this model by using constraints from collider searches, $D^0-\bar{D}^0$ mixing, cosmology and direct dark matter searches. Throughout our study, we point out crucial differences between the Majorana and Dirac dark matter cases. After performing a combined analysis within the context of all the experimental constraints mentioned above, we analyse which flavour for the dark matter particle is preferred by experimental data. We further investigate if this model is capable of explaining the large measured value of the direct CP asymmetry $ΔA^\text{dir}_{CP}$ in charm decays. We find that significant enhancements with respect to the Standard Model expectation are compatible with all constraints, and even the central value of the measurement can be reached. We also advertise the flavour-violating final state with two same-sign top quarks produced in association with missing transverse energy as a smoking-gun signature for flavoured Majorana dark matter at the LHC.
description: 45 pages, 36 figures. v2: calculation of DM annihilation cross-section corrected, clarifying comments added. v3: typos corrected, matches published version. v4: several typos corrected