cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bulk viscosity of dual Bose and Fermi gases in one dimension
Creators: name: Tanaka, Tomohiro
name: Nishida, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional Bose and Fermi gases with contact interactions are known to exhibit the weak-strong duality, where the equilibrium thermodynamic properties of one system at weak coupling are identical to those of the other system at strong coupling. Here, we show that such duality extends beyond the thermodynamics to the frequency-dependent complex bulk viscosity, which is provided by the contact-contact response function. In particular, we confirm that the bulk viscosities of the Bose and Fermi gases agree in the high-temperature limit, where the systematic expansion in terms of fugacity is available at arbitrary coupling. We also compute their bulk viscosities perturbatively in the weak-coupling limit at arbitrary temperature, which via the duality serve as those of the Fermi and Bose gases in the strong-coupling limit.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; published version + extra equations
Synthetic modifications of bifunctional homoallylamines: Synthesis of 2-arylpiperidines, (R)-anatabine and (R)-anabasine
Creators: name: Jothi L. Nallasivam
name: Fernandes, Rodney A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The chiral homoallylamines with orthogonal bifunctional handle, an amine, and a pendant allyl unit are available to be easily converted into N-heterocycles. The N-allylation and Ru-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis delivered the bioactive 2-arylpiperidines, Nicotiana tabacum alkaloids (R)-anatabine and (R)-anabasine in three steps. A formal synthesis of (R)-N-methylanatabine and (R)-N-methylanabasine is also completed.
On Particle Methods for Parameter Estimation in State-Space Models
Creators: name: Kantas, Nikolas
name: Doucet, Arnaud
name: Singh, Sumeetpal S.
name: Maciejowski, Jan
name: Chopin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nonlinear non-Gaussian state-space models are ubiquitous in statistics, econometrics, information engineering and signal processing. Particle methods, also known as Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods, provide reliable numerical approximations to the associated state inference problems. However, in most applications, the state-space model of interest also depends on unknown static parameters that need to be estimated from the data. In this context, standard particle methods fail and it is necessary to rely on more sophisticated algorithms. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of particle methods that have been proposed to perform static parameter estimation in state-space models. We discuss the advantages and limitations of these methods and illustrate their performance on simple models.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-STS511 in the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Effect of APOE ε4 genotype on amyloid-β and tau accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Baek, Min Seok
name: Cho, Hanna
name: Lee, Hye Sun
name: Lee, Jae Hoon
name: Ryu, Young Hoon
name: Lyoo, Chul Hyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Desikan-Killiany atlas and custom composite VOIs. Table S2. Diagnosis and status of ApoE ε4 genotype of participants. Table S3. Total and direct effect of ApoE ε4 on the baseline tau and annual changes in tau burden. Fig. S1. Comparison of baseline and annual changes in 18F-florbetaben and 18F-flortaucipir SUVR values uncorrected for partial volume effect between the ApoE ε4- and ε4+ groups. Fig. S2. Comparison of baseline 18F-flortaucipir SUVR values (A) and their changes at follow-up (B) between the ApoE ε4- and ε4+ groups after adjusting for the baseline Aβ burden.
Albia (Dentalbia) phreatica Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Axonopsidae
Albia
Albia phreatica

description: Albia (Dentalbia) phreatica Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974); Pešić & Ranga Reddy (2009).
Habitat: Hyporheic interstitial.
Distribution: India, Sri Lanka.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
The impact of two massive early accretion events in a Milky Way-like galaxy: repercussions for the buildup of the stellar disc and halo
Creators: name: Orkney, Matthew D. A.
name: Laporte, Chervin F. P.
name: Grand, Robert J. J.
name: Gómez, Facundo A.
name: van de Voort, Freeke
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Pakmor, Ruediger
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and characterise a Milky Way-like realisation from the Auriga simulations with two consecutive massive mergers $\sim2\,$Gyr apart at high redshift, comparable to the reported Kraken and Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus. The Kraken-like merger ($z=1.6$, $M_{\rm Tot} = 8\times10^{10}\,$M$_{\odot}$) is gas-rich, deposits most of its mass in the inner $10\,$kpc, and is largely isotropic. The Sausage-like merger ($z=1.14$, $M_{\rm Tot} = 1\times10^{11}\,$M$_{\odot}$) leaves a more extended mass distribution at higher energies, and has a radially anisotropic distribution. For the higher redshift merger, the stellar mass ratio of the satellite to host galaxy is 1:3. As a result, the chemistry of the remnant is indistinguishable from contemporaneous in-situ populations, making it challenging to identify this component through chemical abundances. This naturally explains why all abundance patterns attributed so far to Kraken are in fact fully consistent with the metal-poor in-situ so-called Aurora population and thick disc. However, our model makes a falsifiable prediction: if the Milky Way underwent a gas-rich double merger at high redshift, then this should be imprinted on its star formation history with bursts about $\sim2\,$Gyrs apart. This may offer constraining power on the highest-redshift major mergers.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, published by MNRAS letters. Comments welcome
Resonant spin excitations in unconventional heavy fermion superconductors and Kondo lattice compounds
Creators: name: Thalmeier, Peter
name: Akbari, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heavy quasiparticle bands in Kondo materials which originate in the hybridization of f- and conduction electrons exhibit numerous, sometimes coexisting, broken symmetry phases. Most notable are unconventional superconductivity, itinerant small moment antiferromagnetism and hidden order of higher order multipoles of f-electrons which all lead to a gapping of the heavy bands. In rare cases the chemical potential lies within the hybridization gap and the ground state is a Kondo semiconductor without ordering. The dynamical magnetic response of such gapped f-electron systems has been investigated with inelastic neutron scattering. It was found that collective spin exciton modes which are due to residual quasiparticle interactions appear below the threshold of superconducting or hidden order gap or directly the hybridzation gap. The spin exciton resonance is commonly located around a zone boundary vector $Q$ with nesting properties in the normal state. In the superconducting case its appearance gives a strong criterion for the gap symmetry requesting a sign change $Δ_{{\bf k}+{\bf Q}}=-Δ_{\bf k}$ due to the coherence factors. Therefore this many body effect with fundamental importance may also be used as a tool to discriminate between proposed gap models. While the spin resonance has been observed for many compounds we restrict our discussion here exclusively to the small group of f-electron superconductors CeCoIn5, CeCu2Si2 and UPd2Al3, hidden order Kondo compounds CeB6 and URu2Si2 as well as the Kondo semiconductor YbB12 .
description: 34 pages, 13 figures. published in "Quantum Criticality in Condensed Matter" (50th Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics) World Scientific, Singapore (2015) p. 44
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A review of treatment and outcomes
Creators: name: Bonomo R.A.
name: Kaye K.S.
name: Neuner E.A.
name: van Duin D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The emergence of carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is an important threat to global health. Reported outcomes of infections with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are poor. Very few options remain for the treatment of these virulent organisms. Antibiotics which are currently in use to treat CRE infections include aminoglycosides, polymyxins, tigecycline, fosfomycin, and temocillin. In addition, the role of combination therapy, including carbapenem containing regimens, remains to be defined. There are several important concerns regarding all of these treatment options such as limited efficacy, increasing reports of resistance, and specific toxicities. Data from retrospective studies favor combination therapy over single-agent therapy for the treatment of CRE bloodstream infections. In summary, new antibiotics are greatly needed, as is additional prospective research.
Molekulare Bindungsstudien herzmuskelspezifischer Protein-Varianten mittels Rasterkraftspektroskopie (AFM)
Creators: name: Göz, Manuel
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530

description: # **Molekulare Bindungsstudien herzmuskelspezifischer Protein-Varianten mittels Rasterkraftspektroskopie (AFM)**

 Arrythmogene rechtsventrikuläre Kardiomyopathien (*arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomypathies*, kurz: *ARVC*) stellen schwere Erkrankungen des menschlichen Herzmuskels dar. ARVC sind pathologisch charakterisiert durch den fortschreitenden Verlust von Herzmuskelzellen, die durch Fett- und Bindegewebezellen ersetzt werden. Insbesondere der rechte Ventrikel ist häufig vom Kardiomyozytenverlust betroffen. Zunehmend werden aber auch biventrikuläre pathologische Veränderungen des Herzmuskels beschrieben. Vernarbungen und fibrolipomatöse Veränderungen der Ventrikelwände verursachen Arrhythmien, Herzinsuffizienz und als extreme Form einen plötzlichen Herztod (*sudden cardiac death*, kurz: *SCD*). Ein hoher Anteil der Erkrankungen kann auf eine genetische Prädisposition zurückgeführt werden. In der Mehrzahl der Fälle wird ARVC autosomal-dominant vererbt mit unvollständiger Penetranz und unterschiedlicher klinischer Ausprägung mit variablen Phänotypen. Um die Mechanismen und damit die Ursache dieser Erkrankungen zu verstehen, ist die interdisziplinäre Forschung von medizinischen, biochemischen und biophysikalischen Ansätzen erforderlich.
 ARVC steht im Zusammenhang mit Mutationen in den Genen, die für die Kodierung diverser desmosomaler Proteine des menschlichen Myokards verantwortlich sind. Es sind weitere nicht-desmosomale Gene bekannt, die mit der Entstehung einer ARVC im Zusammenhang stehen, darunter gehören die Gene für Desmin und das Transmembranprotein 43 (TMEM43). In dieser Dissertation wurden die desmosomalen, wildtypischen Protein-Isoformen *Desmoglein-2*, *Desmocollin-2* sowie die Desmoglein-2-Variante *p.R46Q* und die Desmocollin-2-Varianten *p.D350Y* und *p.I231T* biophysikalisch untersucht und charakterisiert.
 Die Erforschung der Eigenschaften und Funktionen des Proteinwildtyps und der entsprechenden Varianten auf molekularer Ebene ist für das Verständnis der pathogenen Mechanismen der ARVC erforderlich. Aus diesem Grund wurden die isolierten Proteine mittels Rasterkraftspektroskopie untersucht. Zentraler Forschungsschwerpunkt ist hierbei die experimentelle Analyse von Bindungseigenschaften homo- und heterophil interagierender Desmoglein-2- und Desmocollin-2-Proteinfragmente. Das bedeutet, dass insbesondere auch Kardiomyopathie-assoziierte Varianten dem jeweiligen Wildtyp gegenüber gestellt wurden, um funktionale Unterschiede aufzudecken. Diese Ergebnisse können dabei helfen, die Auswirkung der Genvariation auf molekularer Ebene zu verstehen und sind für die Klassifizierung dieser Varianten von großer Bedeutung.
title: Quality of Service Aware Scheduling in Mixed Traffic Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Shiyahin, Areen
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: LTE
subject: 5G
subject: Servicequalität
subject: Ressourcenplanung
subject: LTE
subject: 5G
subject: Quality of Service
subject: Scheduling

description: Considering a traffic mix in a wireless network, the scheduler at the base station needs to be aware of the type of user packets and the state of each user buffer to satisfy the requirements of users. In such networks, the requirements vary in terms of latency, through put, and reliability. Thus, a trade-off is required between the prior performance metrics to enhance the overall network performance. In this thesis, a Quality of Service Aware Scheduler (QAS) is proposed with tuning parameters to achieve balanced Quality of Service (QoS) delivery. Moreover, a moderate fairness is imposed among full buffer users that are assumed to have infinite amount of data in packet buffer. An open-source modeling tool is usedto solve the Resource Blocks (RBs) optimization problem of QAS. System Level (SL) simulations are performed to investigate the performance of the proposed scheduler. In addition, QAS performance is compared to the standard scheduling strategies, namely Round Robin (RR) and Best Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) under different network loads and users positioning methods.
Ventral tegmental area inactivation alters hormonal, metabolic, and locomotor responses to inescapable stress
Creators: name: Samaneh Mortazaei
name: Hedayat Sahraei
name: Bahari, Zahra
name: Meftahi, Gholam Hossein
name: Jahromi, Gila Pirzad
name: Boshra Hatef
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Context: The involvement of unilateral and bilateral inhibition of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in response to stress is not well understood. Objective: In the present study, the effect of unilateral and bilateral inhibition of the VTA on hormonal, metabolic, and locomotor responses to stress was assessed. Material and methods: Male rats seven days after cannulation into the VTA received electro foot-shock stress for seven consecutive days. Twenty minutes before induction of stress, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride or sterile saline (control) was injected either uni- or bi-laterally into the VTA. Results: Results showed that stress significantly increased serum corticosterone level, adrenal gland weight and anorexia, reduced weight gain, food-intake, and locomotor activity. However, bilateral inactivation of VTA prevented stress-induced these parameters changes. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the bilateral VTA blockade effectively relieves the symptoms of stress, while the unilateral VTA blockade does not significantly improve the changes caused by stress.
title: The role of women entrepreneurs in corporate family firms
title: Case study evidence from Nigeria
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Koroye, Braye
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: This thesis’ topic, “The Role of Women Entrepreneurs in Corporate Family Firms: Case Study Evidence from Nigeria,” draws its understanding from three theoretical perspectives: the resourcebased view, liberal feminism, and altruism. The study seeks to understand why and how women entrepreneurs in corporate family firms influence their family and firm’s harmony, growth, and development. This study introduces polygamy – a form of marriage involving multiple partners – as a novel dimension in the family firm concept. The polygamous approach is alien in Europe and several other regions, but it is practised in Africa (in this case, Nigeria). This study brings this perspective to the literature to buttress the Nigerian view of family and firms. The argument is that polygamy is endemic, deeply rooted, and not a dying practice in Nigeria. Therefore, the lack of studies on the role of women entrepreneurs, specifically within the polygamous family structure, poses a research gap. To address this research gap, the study examines the success attained by women entrepreneurs and how it can be replicated and contribute to the development of their family firms, i.e., private universities, and Nigeria at large. In this vein, this study has examined forty-two research participants: seventeen males and twenty-five females (consisting of family firm members). This study uses a case study methodology involving data collection via interviews, observations, and documentation from family-owned and managed private universities in Nigeria. The findings from this study reveal that women are innovative, hard-working, and have distinguished themselves by building lasting corporate entrepreneurial legacies in polygamous family firms. The findings also demonstrate that polygamy encourages women to be independent towards corporate ventures, which inspires their entrepreneurial sustainability and capabilities in polygamous family firms. Finally, as evidenced by this study, women are entrepreneurial in the Schumpeterian sense, which encourages gender parity, increases their entrepreneurial participation, influences their sense of identity, and builds entrepreneurial orientation in polygamous family firms. This study provides theoretical and practical implications, a future research agenda, and recommendations to encourage more studies of women’s entrepreneurship in polygamous family firms.
Stability and Damping in the Disks of Massive Galaxies
Creators: name: Marr, John Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After their initial formation, disk galaxies are observed to be rotationally stable over periods of >6 Gyr, implying that any large velocity disturbances of stars and gas clouds are damped rapidly on the timescale of their rotation. However, it is also known that despite this damping, there must be a degree of random local motion to stabilize the orbits against degenerate collapse. A mechanism for such damping is proposed by a combination of inter-stellar gravitational interactions, and interactions with the Oort clouds and exo-Oort objects associated with each star. Analysis of the gravitational interactions between two stars is a three-body problem, because the stars are also in orbit round the large virtual mass of the galaxy. These mechanisms may produce rapid damping of large perturbations within a time period that is short on the scale of observational look-back time, but long on the scale of the disk rotational period for stars with small perturbations. This mechanism may also account for the locally observed mean perturbations in the Milky Way of 8-15~km/s for younger stars and 20-30~km/s for older stars.
description: Invited paper, accepted for publication in Astronomy June 2022
Scaling limits for the critical Fortuin-Kasteleyn model on a random planar map I: cone times
Creators: name: Gwynne, Ewain
name: Mao, Cheng
name: Sun, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sheffield (2011) introduced an inventory accumulation model which encodes a random planar map decorated by a collection of loops sampled from the critical Fortuin-Kasteleyn (FK) model. He showed that a certain two-dimensional random walk associated with an infinite-volume version of the model converges in the scaling limit to a correlated planar Brownian motion. We improve on this scaling limit result by showing that the times corresponding to FK loops (or "flexible orders") in the inventory accumulation model converge in the scaling limit to the $π/2$-cone times of the correlated Brownian motion. This statement implies a scaling limit result for the joint law of the areas and boundary lengths of the bounded complementary connected components of the FK loops on the infinite-volume planar map. In light of the encoding of Duplantier, Miller, and Sheffield (2014), the limiting object coincides with the joint law of the areas and boundary lengths of the bounded complementary connected components of a collection of CLE$_κ$ loops on an independent Liouville quantum gravity cone.
description: 58 pages, 8 figures, version 3 contains a new section which explicitly proves a scaling limit result for areas and boundary lengths of components of FK loops
Dynamical thermal dose models and dose time-profile effects
Creators: name: M. T. Ladjimi
name: D. Labavić
name: M. Guilbert
name: F. Anquez
name: A. Pruvost
name: E. Courtade
name: B. Pfeuty
name: Q. Thommen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Introduction: Models of dose-effect relationships seek systematic and predictive descriptions of how cell survival depends on the level and duration of the stressor. The CEM43 thermal dose model has been empirically derived more than thirty years ago and still serves as a benchmark for hyperthermia protocols despitethe advent of regulatory network models. Objective: In this paper, we propose and realize a simple experimental test to assess whether mechanistic models can prove more reliable indicators for some protocols. We define two time-asymmetric hyperthermia profiles, faster rise than decay or slower rise than decay, for which the CEM43 model predicts the same survival while a regulatory network model predicts significant differences. Materials: Experimental data (both control 37°C and hyperthermia assays) were collected from duplicate HeLa cell cultures. Cells were imaged before and 24, 48 and 72 h after the hyperthermia assay double-stained with fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled annexin V and propidium iodide for detecting cell death. Results: Survival experiments of HeLa cells show that a fast temperature rise followed by a slow decay can be twice more lethal than the opposite, consistently with the prediction of the network model. Conclusions: Using a model reduction approach, we obtained a simple nonlinear dynamic equation that identifies the limited repair capacity as the main factor underlying the dose-asymmetry effect and that could be useful for refining thermal doses for dynamic protocols.
Additional file 1 of Changes in the provision of instrumental support by older adults in nine European countries during 2004—2015: a panel data analysis
Creators: name: Lestari, S. K.
name: X. De Luna
name: Eriksson, M.
name: G. Malmberg
name: Ng, N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional analyses of instrumental support trajectories in EU. Additional information in this file includes: A. Growth model formulation. B. Type of instrumental support and recipients of instrumental support. C. Interaction Plots. D. Predicted probability plots. E. Characteristics of sample and non-sample.
Hyperparameter Importance of Quantum Neural Networks Across Small Datasets
Creators: name: Moussa, Charles
name: van Rijn, Jan N.
name: Bäck, Thomas
name: Dunjko, Vedran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As restricted quantum computers are slowly becoming a reality, the search for meaningful first applications intensifies. In this domain, one of the more investigated approaches is the use of a special type of quantum circuit - a so-called quantum neural network -- to serve as a basis for a machine learning model. Roughly speaking, as the name suggests, a quantum neural network can play a similar role to a neural network. However, specifically for applications in machine learning contexts, very little is known about suitable circuit architectures, or model hyperparameters one should use to achieve good learning performance. In this work, we apply the functional ANOVA framework to quantum neural networks to analyze which of the hyperparameters were most influential for their predictive performance. We analyze one of the most typically used quantum neural network architectures. We then apply this to $7$ open-source datasets from the OpenML-CC18 classification benchmark whose number of features is small enough to fit on quantum hardware with less than $20$ qubits. Three main levels of importance were detected from the ranking of hyperparameters obtained with functional ANOVA. Our experiment both confirmed expected patterns and revealed new insights. For instance, setting well the learning rate is deemed the most critical hyperparameter in terms of marginal contribution on all datasets, whereas the particular choice of entangling gates used is considered the least important except on one dataset. This work introduces new methodologies to study quantum machine learning models and provides new insights toward quantum model selection.
description: Submitted to Discovery Science 2022
Supplemental figures from Confronting models with data: the challenges of estimating disease spillover
Creators: name: Cross, Paul C.
name: Prosser, Diann J.
name: Ramey, Andrew M.
name: Hanks, Ephraim M.
name: Pepin, Kim M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Directed acyclic graph for a statistical model of host distribution over time and a figure of the observed versus predicted spillovers in the brucellosis case-study.
Experience with fosfomycin for treatment of urinary tract infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms
Creators: name: Neuner E.A.
name: Hall G.S.
name: Sekeres J.
name: van Duin D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Fosfomycin has shown promising in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) urinary pathogens; however, clinical data are lacking. We conducted a retrospective chart review to describe the microbiological and clinical outcomes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) with MDR pathogens treated with fosfomycin tromethamine. Charts for 41 hospitalized patients with a urine culture for an MDR pathogen who received fosfomycin tromethamine from 2006 to 2010 were reviewed. Forty-one patients had 44 urinary pathogens, including 13 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp), 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 7 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) isolates, 7 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, and 9 others. In vitro fosfomycin susceptibility was 86% (median MIC, 16 |mg/ml; range, 0.25 to 1,024 |ULg/ml). Patients received an average of 2.9 fosfomycin doses per treatment course. The overall microbiological cure was 59%; failure was due to either relapse (24%) or reinfection UTI (17%). Microbiological cure rates by pathogen were 46% for CR-Kp, 38% for P. aeruginosa, 71% for VRE, 57% for ESBL producers, and 100% for others. Microbiological cure (n = 24) was compared to microbiological failure (n = 17). There were significantly more solid organ transplant recipients in the microbiological failure group (59% versus 21%; P = 0.02). None of the patients in the microbiological cure group had a ureteral stent, compared to 24% of patients within the microbiological failure group (P = 0.02). Fosfomycin demonstrated in vitro activity against UTIs due to MDR pathogens. For CR-KP, there was a divergence between in vitro susceptibility (92%) and microbiological cure (46%). Multiple confounding factors may have contributed to microbiological failures, and further data regarding the use of fosfomycin for UTIs due to MDR pathogens are needed.
Deep learning density functionals for gradient descent optimization
Creators: name: Costa, Emanuele
name: Scriva, Giuseppe
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Pilati, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine-learned regression models represent a promising tool to implement accurate and computationally affordable energy-density functionals to solve quantum many-body problems via density functional theory. However, while they can easily be trained to accurately map ground-state density profiles to the corresponding energies, their functional derivatives often turn out to be too noisy, leading to instabilities in self-consistent iterations and in gradient-based searches of the ground-state density profile. We investigate how these instabilities occur when standard deep neural networks are adopted as regression models, and we show how to avoid it using an ad-hoc convolutional architecture featuring an inter-channel averaging layer. The testbed we consider is a realistic model for noninteracting atoms in optical speckle disorder. With the inter-channel average, accurate and systematically improvable ground-state energies and density profiles are obtained via gradient-descent optimization, without instabilities nor violations of the variational principle.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
title: AusSeabed Marine Data Portal Survey Outcomes Report
Creators: name: M., Arnold
name: M., Patton
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Marine Geoscience
subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: Geospatial Information Systems
subject: AusSeabed
subject: Marine Data Portal
subject: community survey
subject: Published_External

description: The AusSeabed Marine Data Portal provides openly accessible seabed data to users. This report details the results and recommendations following a community survey on the portals functionality and usability. The report informs future development of the AusSeabed Marine Data Portal to ensure it meets end-user needs.
Online Event Selection for Mu3e using GPUs
Creators: name: Henkys, Valentin
name: Schmidt, Bertil
name: Berger, Niklaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the search for physics beyond the Standard Model the Mu3e experiment tries to observe the lepton flavor violating decay $μ^+ \rightarrow e^+ e^- e^+$. By observing the decay products of $1 \cdot 10^8μ$/s it aims to either observe the process, or set a new upper limit on its estimated branching ratio. The high muon rates result in high data rates of $80$\,Gbps, dominated by data produced through background processes. We present the Online Event Selection, a three step algorithm running on the graphics processing units (GPU) of the $12$ Mu3e filter farm computers. By using simple and fast geometric selection criteria, the algorithm first reduces the amount of possible event candidates to below $5\%$ of the initial set. These candidates are then used to reconstruct full particle tracks, correctly reconstructing over $97\%$ of signal tracks. Finally a possible decay vertex is reconstructed using simple geometric considerations instead of a full reconstruction, correctly identifying over $94\%$ of signal events. We also present a full implementation of the algorithm, fulfilling all performance requirements at the targeted muon rate and successfully reducing the data rate by a factor of $200$.
description: 8 pages, to be published in IEEE ISPDC 2022 conference proceedings
title: AusSeabed Insights: Point-In-Time Assessment
Creators: name: K., Baldry
name: M., Patton
name: K., Picard
name: N., Lennard
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: Geospatial Information Systems
subject: Marine Geoscience
subject: Published_External

description: AusSeabed (ASB) conducted a point in time assessment of the service (The Service) to identify what, if any, improvements could be made to the usability, accessibility, presentation and collection of marine specific information and data between April and August 2020. The assessment was an opportunity to apply an independent critical eye of the services AusSeabed provides and gain valuable insights about what working well and what’s not working well. This will help the AusSeabed team identify improvements and form a backlog of activities and enhancements. The following document provides and overview of the assessment process, the assessment and summarises the insights gained from the assessment.
Poster presentation of my internship abroad
Creators: name: Auner, Nadine
name: Schüssler, Renate
Publisher: name: Univ. Bielefeld, Fakultät für Erziehungswissenschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 370

description: This poster can be used as a preparation for stays abroad. It is filled out by teacher training students before their stay abroad, in this case an internship at a school. Students deal with their internship school and the educational system of their host country. They can choose their thematic focus and note down questions that come up during their research that they would like to explore during the internship. This way, students prepare for their internship so that they already have some information about their internship school and the educational system of their host country.
Treatment and outcomes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections
Creators: name: Hall G.S.
name: Endimiani A.
name: Bonomo R.A.
name: Shrestha N.K.
name: Van Duin D.
name: Fraser T.G.
name: Sekeres J.
name: Neuner E.A.
name: Yeh J.-Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) is an emerging multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. This is a retrospective chart review describing the outcomes and treatment of 60 cases of CR-Kp bloodstream infections. All CR-Kp isolated from blood cultures were identified retrospectively from the microbiology laboratory from January 2007 to May 2009. Clinical information was collected from the electronic medical record. Patients with 14-day hospital mortality were compared to those who survived 14 days. The all-cause in-hospital and 14-day mortality for all 60 CR-Kp bloodstream infections were 58.3% and 41.7%, respectively. In this collection, 98% of tested isolates were susceptible in vitro to tigecycline compared to 86% to colistimethate, 45% to amikacin, and 22% to gentamicin. Nine patients died before cultures were finalized and received no therapy active against CR-Kp. In the remaining 51 patients, those who survived to day 14 (n = 35) were compared to nonsurvivors at day 14 (n = 16). These patients were characterized by both chronic disease and acute illness. The 90-day readmission rate for hospital survivors was 72%. Time to active therapy was not significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors, and hospital mortality was also similar regardless of therapy chosen. Pitt bacteremia score was the only significant factor associated with mortality in Cox regression analysis. In summary, CR-Kp bloodstream infections occur in patients who are chronically and acutely ill. They are associated with high 14-day mortality and poor outcomes regardless of tigecycline or other treatment regimens selected.
Cytomegalovirus viremia, pneumonitis, and tocilizumab therapy
Creators: name: van Duin D.
name: Miranda C.
name: Husni E.
Publisher: name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Year: 2011

description: To the Editor: Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody that competitively inhibits binding of interleukin-6 (IL-6) to its receptor. It is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as monotherapy or with methotrexate. We report a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease complicating treatment with an IL-6 receptor antagonist.
Effect of the influenza A (H1N1) live attenuated intranasal vaccine on nitric oxide (FENO) and other volatiles in exhaled breath
Creators: name: Gordon S.M.
name: Mashir A.
name: van Duin D.
name: Paschke K.M.
name: Aytekin M.
name: Shrestha N.K.
name: Dweik R.A.
name: Laskowski D.
name: Yen-Lieberman B.
name: Storer M.K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: For the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, vaccination and infection control were the main modes of prevention. A live attenuated H1N1 vaccine mimics natural infection and works by evoking a host immune response, but currently there are no easy methods to measure such a response. To determine if an immune response could be measured in exhaled breath, exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO) and other exhaled breath volatiles using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) were measured before and daily for seven days after administering the H1N1 2009 monovalent live intranasal vaccine (FluMist®, MedImmune LLC) in nine healthy healthcare workers (age 35 ± 7 years; five females). On day 3 after H1N1 FluMist® administration there were increases in FENO (MEAN±SEM: day 0 15 ± 3 ppb, day 3 19 ± 3 ppb; p < 0.001) and breath isoprene (MEAN±SEM: day 0 59 ± 15 ppb, day 3 99 ± 17 ppb; p = 0.02). MS analysis identified the greatest number of changes in exhaled breath on day 3 with 137 product ion masses that changed from baseline. The exhaled breath changes on day 3 after H1N1 vaccination may reflect the underlying host immune response. However, further work to elucidate the sources of the exhaled breath changes is necessary.
Additional file 7 of Directional divergence of Ep300 duplicates in teleosts and its implications
Creators: name: Wang, Xianzong
name: Junli Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: ω ratios of fishes reported by aBSREL test.
Explicit kinematic equations for degree-4 rigid origami vertices, Euclidean and non-Euclidean
Creators: name: Foschi, Riccardo
name: Hull, Thomas C.
name: Ku, Jason S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70B15, 52C25

description: We derive new algebraic equations for the folding angle relationships in completely general degree-four rigid-foldable origami vertices, including both Euclidean (developable) and non-Euclidean cases. These equations in turn lead to novel, elegant equations for the general developable degree-four case. We compare our equations to previous results in the literature and provide two examples of how the equations can be used: In analyzing a family of square twist pouches with discrete configuration spaces, and for proving that a new folding table design made with hyperbolic vertices has a single folding mode.
Effects of voriconazole on Cryptococcus neoformans
Creators: name: Van Duin D.
name: Zaragoza O.
name: Nosanchuk J.D.
name: Cleare W.
name: Casadevall A.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 2004

description: Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole that offers extended activity against molds and yeasts that are not susceptible to earlier azole-type drugs. Recent studies indicate that melanization can severely reduce the susceptibility of certain antifungal drugs, but there is no information as to whether voriconazole is vulnerable to this effect. The activity of voriconazole on C. neoformans was assessed by MIC analysis and time-kill assays for melanized and nonmelanized cells. Cell morphology, capsule release, and phagocytosis of C. neoformans were studied in the presence or absence of subinhibitory concentrations of voriconazole. Voriconazole was fungicidal at concentrations of ≥8 μg/ml in vitro against the strains of C. neoformans examined, and its efficacy was not diminished by melanization. Cells grown in subinhibitory concentrations of voriconazole had smaller cellular and capsular volumes than cells grown in the absence of drug. The induction of the capsule by serum was not affected by voriconazole. Cells grown in subinhibitory concentrations of voriconazole released their capsule and were phagocytosed at rates comparable with yeast grown without the antifungal. The high activity of voriconazole against both melanized and nonmelanized cells results suggest that voriconazole may be a particularly valuable drug for cryptococcosis.
Instability of Black Holes with a Gauss-Bonnet Term
Creators: name: Ahn, Wha-Keun
name: Gwak, Bogeun
name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
name: Lee, Wonwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fragmentation instability of hairy black holes in the theory with a Gauss$-$Bonnet(GB) term in asymptotically flat spacetime. Our approach is through the non-perturbative fragmentation instability. By this approach, we investigate whether the initial black hole can be broken into two black holes by comparing the entropy of the initial black hole with the sum of those of two fragmented black holes. The relation between the black hole instability and the GB coupling with dilaton hair are presented. We describe the phase diagrams with respect to the mass of the black hole solutions and coupling constants. We find that a perturbatively stable black hole can be unstable under fragmentation.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, published version in EPJC
Additional file 9 of Directional divergence of Ep300 duplicates in teleosts and its implications
Creators: name: Wang, Xianzong
name: Junli Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Multiple alignment of four sequences used for structure modeling.
Computation in generalised probabilistic theories
Creators: name: Lee, Ciarán M.
name: Barrett, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: From the existence of an efficient quantum algorithm for factoring, it is likely that quantum computation is intrinsically more powerful than classical computation. At present, the best upper bound known for the power of quantum computation is that BQP is in AWPP. This work investigates limits on computational power that are imposed by physical principles. To this end, we define a circuit-based model of computation in a class of operationally-defined theories more general than quantum theory, and ask: what is the minimal set of physical assumptions under which the above inclusion still holds? We show that given only an assumption of tomographic locality (roughly, that multipartite states can be characterised by local measurements), efficient computations are contained in AWPP. This inclusion still holds even without assuming a basic notion of causality (where the notion is, roughly, that probabilities for outcomes cannot depend on future measurement choices). Following Aaronson, we extend the computational model by allowing post-selection on measurement outcomes. Aaronson showed that the corresponding quantum complexity class is equal to PP. Given only the assumption of tomographic locality, the inclusion in PP still holds for post-selected computation in general theories. Thus in a world with post-selection, quantum theory is optimal for computation in the space of all general theories. We then consider if relativised complexity results can be obtained for general theories. It is not clear how to define a sensible notion of an oracle in the general framework that reduces to the standard notion in the quantum case. Nevertheless, it is possible to define computation relative to a `classical oracle'. Then, we show there exists a classical oracle relative to which efficient computation in any theory satisfying the causality assumption and tomographic locality does not include NP.
description: 14+9 pages. Comments welcome
Melanization of Cryptococcus neoformans and Histoplasma capsulatum reduces their susceptibilities to amphotericin B and caspofungin
Creators: name: Van Duin D.
name: Nosanchuk J.D.
name: Casadevall A.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 2002

description: The fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Histoplasma capsulatum produce melanin-like pigments in the presence of L-dopa in vitro and during mammalian infection. We investigated whether melanization affected the susceptibilities of the fungi to amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, or flucytosine (5FC). Using the standard macrodilution MIC protocol (the M27A protocol) of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for yeast, we found no difference in the susceptibilities of melanized and nonmelanized C. neoformans and H. capsulatum isolates. Killing assays demonstrated that melanization reduced the susceptibilities of both fungi to amphotericin B and caspofungin. Laccase-deficient C. neoformans cells grown with L-dopa were significantly more susceptible than congenic melanin-producing yeast to killing by amphotericin B or caspofungin. Preincubation of amphotericin B or caspofungin with melanins decreased their antifungal activities. Elemental analysis of melanins incubated with amphotericin B or caspofungin revealed an alteration in the C:N ratios of the melanins, which indicated binding of these drugs by the melanins. In contrast, incubation of fluconazole, itraconazole, or 5FC with melanins did not significantly affect the antifungal efficacies of the drugs or the chemical composition of the melanins. The results suggest a potential explanation for the inefficacy of caspofungin against C. neoformans in vivo, despite activity in vitro. Furthermore, the results indicate that fungal melanins protect C. neoformans and H. capsulatum from the activities of amphotericin B and caspofungin and that this protection is not demonstrable by standard broth macrodilution assays.