Dinera setifacies Zhang & Shima 2006, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Chun-Tian
name: Shima, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Dinera
Dinera setifacies

description: Dinera setifacies sp. nov.   Figs. 48–51  
 Diagnosis   
 Medium­sized black fly; parafacial with dense fine short hairs on upper half, 3+3 dc, abdominal syntergite 1+2 excavated to posterior 3/4–4/5, with 2 median marginal setae, tergites 3 and 4 with discal setae in male.   
Body length 7.3–10.3 mm.  
 Description   
 Male. Head black in ground color, gena and lower portion of face reddish yellow, with dense grayish pruinosity; frontal vitta dark brown. Antenna black; palpus dark brown to black. Vertex 1/8–1/11 head width; frontal vitta widened below, about twice as wide as fronto­orbital plate at middle; parafacial about 3 times as wide as flagellomere 1 at middle height; facial carina high and arched in lateral view, rather sharp on anterior surface; gena wide, about 1/2 eye height; lower margin of face strongly protruding forward. Inner vertical seta fine, about 2/5 eye height, slightly shorter than ocellar seta; outer vertical seta indistinct; 11–12 inclinate frontal setae, subequal in length to each other and ocellar seta; fronto­orbital plate with only a few short fine hairs on upper 1/2 and several rows of short fine black hairs on lower 1/2; parafacial with many hairs on upper 1/2; vibrissa inserted above vibrissal angle by about length of pedicel; occiput with 2–3 rows of black hairs behind postocular setae. Antenna falling short of lower margin of face by about 2/5 length of flagellomere 1; pedicel with a long seta that is only slightly shorter than flagellomere 1; flagellomere 1 3.5–4 times as long as pedicel; arista including plumosity about twice as wide as flagellomere 1. Palpus long and slender, about 1.5 times as long as antenna.   
 Thorax black in ground color, with grayish white pruinosity; 5 black longitudinal vittae on prescutural area of scutum, 3 inner vittae sometimes fused with each other forming a broad median vitta, on postsutural scutum 3 broad vittae visible, median vitta wider than lateral ones; scutellum dark brown at base, grayish pruinose apically. Postpronotal lobe with 3–5 setae; 1–2+2–3 ac (usually 2+2 ac); 3+3 dc; 0+2 ia; 4 sa, first and third sa weak; scutellum with basal and subapical scutellar setae subequal in length, about twice as long as scutellum, apical seta slightly shorter than basal seta. Wings hyaline, faintly and evenly tinged with pale brown; tegula and basicosta dark brown to black; calypter pale yellowish white. Costal spine absent; relative length of costal sections second, third and fourth approximately as 2:3.5:1.5; vein M from dm­cu crossvein to its bend 1.3 times as long as distance between the bend and wing margin; cell r 4+5 narrowly open. Legs black, pulvilli dull yellowish. Fore tibia with 2 p; mid tibia with 2 ad, 2–3 p, 1 v sometimes very fine; hind tibia with 3–4 ad, 2–3 pd and 2–3 v, apical pv short but distinct.   
 Abdomen long ovate, black in ground color, with grayish white pruinosity that is shifting in appearance with direction of light and brownish on posteromedian portion of tergites 3 and 4. Syntergite 1+2 excavated to level of anterior margin of bases of median marginal setae, with 2 strong median marginal and 1 lateral marginal setae; tergite 3 with 2 median marginal, 1 lateral marginal and 2 median discal setae; tergite 4 with 1–2 pairs of medan discal and a row of marginal setae; tergite 5 with 1–2 rows of strong discal and a row of marginal setae. Sternite 5 square, V­shaped median cleft deep and wide, lateral lobe wide and bluntly rounded at apex, with densely long setae and hairs. Male terminalia is similar to that of D. angustifrons, cerci strongly narrowed on apical 3/5, pointed at apex, surstylus narrowed and bent inward and blunt apically in dorsal view, wide and rounded in lateral view, with dense hairs; membranous apical part of distiphallus longer than that of sclerotized basal part, with ventrally minute spinules on upper portion.   
 Female. Differing from male as follows: Frons broad, vertex about 1/3 head width; interfrontal area rather weakly widened anteriorly, about 1.5 times as wide as frontoorbital plate at middle; gena about 4/7 eye height; inner vertical seta strong, about 3/4 eye height; outer vertical seta about 1/3 as long as inner seta; 1 upwardly directed prevertical seta about 1/2 as long as inner vertical seta; 2 proclinate orbital setae subequal in length and 2/3 as long as inner vertical seta; 7 rather sparsely set inclinate frontal setae; antenna longer than in male, flagellomere 1 about 4 times as long as pedicel; palpus slightly longer than antenna; claw and pulvillus shorter than 5th tarsomere. Abdominal syntergite 1+2 excavated almost to posterior margin, without median marginal seta, intermediate abdominal tergites without median discal setae, tergite 5 with a pair of weak median discal setae.   
 Type material   
 Holotype ♂, NEPAL, Solukhumbu, Jumbesi­Nuntara, 2120–3000 m, 28.vii.1992, H. Shima (BLKU). Paratypes NEPAL. 1 male, Tapleiung: Walungchung Gola, 3350 m, N.E. Nepal, 15.vi.1962, T. Yasuda (ELOPU). Solukhumbu: 17 males, Jumbesi­Nuntara, 2120–3000 m, 28.vii. 1992, H. Shima, S. Shinonaga & H. Kurahashi; 15 males, 8 females, Chumoa to Namche Bazar, 2715–3900 m, 1–2.viii.1992, H. Kurahashi & S. Shinonaga. E. Nepal: 13 males, 12 females, Thudam, 3500–3800 m, 20.vi–9.vii.1972, Malaise Trap; 93 males, 5 females, Basantapur, 2300 m, 28.iv–10.v.1972, Malaise Trap. PAKISTAN. 1 male, Natiagali, 2400 m, 10 km N. Murree, 18.vii.1987, S. Shinonaga; 2 males, 1 female, Nathia Gall­Dunga Gall Murree, 18.vii.1987, K. Kanniya. 13 males, 5 females, Tandan, 26 km N. Abbottabad, 2400 m, 1.viii.1988, S. Shinonaga. CHINA. Yunnan: 3 males, Deqin, Zhongdian, Tuguancun, 2500–3000 m, 3–5.vi.1994, W.­x. Zhang. Sichuan: 1 male, Mt. Paoma, 2600 m, Kangding, 18.viii.1993, H. Shima; 1 male, Tianquan, Dayuxi, 1200 m, 29.viii.1993, X.­c. Liang (BLKU). 2 males, Kangding, 2400–2700 m, 26.vii.1963, C. Li. Yunnan: 2 males, Yonsheng, Liude, 2300 m, 10.vii.1984, R. Wang. Qinghai: 1 male, Kuangxi, Gesongduo, 3750 m, Yushu, S. ­y. Wang (IZCAS). Taiwan: 1 male, Mt. Ali, 2400 m, T.C. Maa (BPBM).   
 Etymology   
 Specific epithet from the Latin adjective setal (= setose) plus noun face, in reference to one of the diagnostic characters of this species, the hairy parafacial.   
 Remarks   
 This species occurs at high elevation in border areas of the Palaearctic and Oriental regions. In general appearance this species resembles D. angustifrons from southwestern China, but is distinguished from it by the hairy upper half of parafacial, black basicosta, and abdominal syntergite 1+2 with strong median marginal seta in male.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Chun-Tian & Shima, Hiroshi, 2006, A systematic study of the genus Dinera Robineau-Desvoidy from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Diptera: Tachinidae), pp. 1-60 in Zootaxa 1243 (1243) on pages 43-46