cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Exploring well-being, self-harm and suicidality among transgender people
Creators: name: Ballantyne, Lisa
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Transgender, suicide, self-harm, qualitative, lived experience.

description: Purpose: Transgender individuals are substantially more likely to report self-harm and suicidality than both cisgender individuals and other LGBT individuals. The psychosocial factors underlying self-harm and suicidality within the trans population, and how they may lead to suicidal ideation or attempts, remain largely under-researched. Protective factors, such as resilience and help-seeking may help to reduce risk of suicide within the trans population, however further research is required to examine these processes. Similarly, exploring trans-specific experiences of help-seeking for suicidal distress is important when considering suicide prevention. Further empirical research, aimed at improving our understanding and prevention of suicide within this population, is imperative. Method: A qualitative design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with transgender adults (n=4) in Scotland, who reported a history of self-harm and/or suicidality. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: Four superordinate themes emerged, each with inter-related subordinate themes. 1) “Early Experiences”: How individuals made sense of early experiences which increased their self-harm and suicidal distress. 2) “Intent”: The motives underlying participants’ self-harm and suicidality. 3) “Hope and Resilience”: The protective resilience factors that reduced participants’ self-harm and suicidal distress. 4) “Threats to Resilience”: How participants made sense of additional minority stressors that were relevant to their experiences. Conclusion: The current study suggests that transgender individuals may experience psychosocial factors related to self-harm and suicidality differently across various stages of their lives. Important insights into the motivations underlying self-harm and suicidality for transgender individuals emerged. Clinical implications are discussed, however further research is required to fully understand self-harm and suicidality within the transgender community.
Leptonic Dirac CP Violation Predictions from Residual Discrete Symmetries
Creators: name: Girardi, I.
name: Petcov, S. T.
name: Stuart, Alexander J.
name: Titov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that the observed pattern of 3-neutrino mixing is related to the existence of a (lepton) flavour symmetry, corresponding to a non-Abelian discrete symmetry group $G_f$, and that $G_f$ is broken to specific residual symmetries $G_e$ and $G_ν$ of the charged lepton and neutrino mass terms, we derive sum rules for the cosine of the Dirac phase $δ$ of the neutrino mixing matrix $U$. The residual symmetries considered are: i) $G_e = Z_2$ and $G_ν = Z_n$, $n > 2$ or $Z_n \times Z_m$, $n,m \geq 2$; ii) $G_e = Z_n$, $n > 2$ or $Z_n \times Z_m$, $n,m \geq 2$ and $G_ν = Z_2$; iii) $G_e = Z_2$ and $G_ν = Z_2$; iv) $G_e$ is fully broken and $G_ν = Z_n$, $n > 2$ or $Z_n \times Z_m$, $n,m \geq 2$; and v) $G_e = Z_n$, $n > 2$ or $Z_n \times Z_m$, $n,m \geq 2$ and $G_ν$ is fully broken. For given $G_e$ and $G_ν$, the sum rules for $\cosδ$ thus derived are exact, within the approach employed, and are valid, in particular, for any $G_f$ containing $G_e$ and $G_ν$ as subgroups. We identify the cases when the value of $\cosδ$ cannot be determined, or cannot be uniquely determined, without making additional assumptions on unconstrained parameters. In a large class of cases considered the value of $\cosδ$ can be unambiguously predicted once the flavour symmetry $G_f$ is fixed. We present predictions for $\cosδ$ in these cases for the flavour symmetry groups $G_f = S_4$, $A_4$, $T^\prime$ and $A_5$, requiring that the measured values of the 3-neutrino mixing parameters $\sin^2θ_{12}$, $\sin^2θ_{13}$ and $\sin^2θ_{23}$, taking into account their respective $3σ$ uncertainties, are successfully reproduced.
description: 62 pages, includes 6 figures and 14 tables; results unchanged; sections 7 and 8 revised; typos corrected; matches published version
Implementation of Shared Decision Making & Decision Aids for Breast Cancer Screening
Creators: name: Nadler, Michelle N.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Oncology

description: Scoping Review of regarding use of shared-decision making and/or decision-aids related to breast cancer screening by primary care providers and/or patients from an implementation perspective
An Object SLAM Framework for Association, Mapping, and High-Level Tasks
Creators: name: Wu, Yanmin
name: Zhang, Yunzhou
name: Zhu, Delong
name: Deng, Zhiqiang
name: Sun, Wenkai
name: Chen, Xin
name: Zhang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object SLAM is considered increasingly significant for robot high-level perception and decision-making. Existing studies fall short in terms of data association, object representation, and semantic mapping and frequently rely on additional assumptions, limiting their performance. In this paper, we present a comprehensive object SLAM framework that focuses on object-based perception and object-oriented robot tasks. First, we propose an ensemble data association approach for associating objects in complicated conditions by incorporating parametric and nonparametric statistic testing. In addition, we suggest an outlier-robust centroid and scale estimation algorithm for modeling objects based on the iForest and line alignment. Then a lightweight and object-oriented map is represented by estimated general object models. Taking into consideration the semantic invariance of objects, we convert the object map to a topological map to provide semantic descriptors to enable multi-map matching. Finally, we suggest an object-driven active exploration strategy to achieve autonomous mapping in the grasping scenario. A range of public datasets and real-world results in mapping, augmented reality, scene matching, relocalization, and robotic manipulation have been used to evaluate the proposed object SLAM framework for its efficient performance.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Robotics(T-RO)
Caroxylon denudatum Mucina 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Mucina, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Caroxylon
Caroxylon denudatum

description: 27. Caroxylon denudatum (Botsch.) Mucina comb. nov.
 Basionym: ― Salsola denudata Botsch. in Botanicheskii Zhurnal 66(7): 1037 (1981).
 Type: ― SOUTH-WEST AFRIKA [NAMIBIA]. Aroab (2519 CA): Farm Gross Aub, KEE 44, am Wegrand S von Farmtor, 24 January 1965, Giess 8362 (holotype M-0107434!; isotype PRE0531267 -0!,).
 Distribution: ― Namibia (Kalahari): Aroab.
description: Published as part of Mucina, Ladislav, 2017, Caroxylon (Chenopodiaceae s. str.) in continental southern Africa and Madagascar: a preliminary nomenclatural synopsis and biogeographical considerations, pp. 151-178 in Phytotaxa 312 (2) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13701544
Diagrams and discrete extensions for finitary 2-representations
Creators: name: Chan, Aaron
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we introduce and investigate the notions of diagrams and discrete extensions in the study of finitary $2$-representations of finitary $2$-categories.
description: To appear in Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. The statement of Conjecture 12 follows from Theorem 13 and Corollary 14 of the present paper and Corollary 20 in arXiv:1601.06975
Size distributions reveal regime transition of lake systems under different dominant driving forces
Creators: name: Hu, Shengjie
name: Yang, Zhenlei
name: Torres, Sergio
name: Wang, Zipeng
name: Li, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power law size distribution is found to associate with fractal, self-organized behaviors and patterns of complex systems. Such distribution also emerges from natural lakes, with potentially important links to the dynamics of lake systems. But the driving mechanism that generates and shapes this feature in lake systems remains unclear. Moreover, the power law itself was found inadequate for fully describing the size distribution of lakes, due to deviations at the two ends of size range. Based on observed and simulated lakes in 11 hydro-climatic zones of China, we established a conceptual model for lake systems, which covers the whole size range of lake size distribution and reveals the underlying driving mechanism. The full lake size distribution is composed of three components, with three phases featured by exponential, stretched-exponential and power law distribution. The three phases represent system states with successively increasing degrees of heterogeneity and orderliness, and more importantly, indicate the dominance of exogenic and endogenic forces, respectively. As the dominant driving force changes from endogenic to exogenic, a phase transition occurs with lake size distribution shifted from power law to stretched-exponential and further to exponential distribution. Apart from compressing the power law phase, exogenic force also increases its scaling exponent, driving the corresponding lake size power spectrum into the regime of blue noise. During this process, the autocorrelation function of the lake system diverges with a possibility of going to infinity, indicating the loss of system resilience.
Divergence of Voronoi cell anisotropy vector: A threshold-free characterization of local structure in amorphous materials
Creators: name: Rieser, Jennifer M.
name: Goodrich, Carl P.
name: Liu, Andrea J.
name: Durian, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing structural inhomogeneity is an essential step in understanding the mechanical response of amorphous materials. We introduce a threshold-free measure based on the field of vectors pointing from the center of each particle to the centroid of the Voronoi cell in which the particle resides. These vectors tend to point in toward regions of high free volume and away from regions of low free volume, reminiscent of sinks and sources in a vector field. We compute the local divergence of these vectors, for which positive values correspond to overpacked regions and negative values identify underpacked regions within the material. Distributions of this divergence are nearly Gaussian with zero mean, allowing for structural characterization using only the moments of the distribution. We explore how the standard deviation and skewness vary with packing fraction for simulations of bidisperse systems and find a kink in these moments that coincides with the jamming transition.
AlignAtt: Using Attention-based Audio-Translation Alignments as a Guide for Simultaneous Speech Translation
Creators: name: Papi, Sara
name: Turchi, Marco
name: Negri, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Attention is the core mechanism of today's most used architectures for natural language processing and has been analyzed from many perspectives, including its effectiveness for machine translation-related tasks. Among these studies, attention resulted to be a useful source of information to get insights about word alignment also when the input text is substituted with audio segments, as in the case of the speech translation (ST) task. In this paper, we propose AlignAtt, a novel policy for simultaneous ST (SimulST) that exploits the attention information to generate source-target alignments that guide the model during inference. Through experiments on the 8 language pairs of MuST-C v1.0, we show that AlignAtt outperforms previous state-of-the-art SimulST policies applied to offline-trained models with gains in terms of BLEU of 2 points and latency reductions ranging from 0.5s to 0.8s across the 8 languages.
description: Accepted at Interspeech 2023
Controlling the excitation spectrum of a quantum dot array with a photon cavity
Creators: name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
name: Mughnetsyan, Vram
name: Abdullah, Nzar Rauf
name: Tang, Chi-Shung
name: Moldoveanu, Valeriu
name: Manolescu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a recently proposed quantum electrodynamical density functional theory (QEDFT) functional in a real-time excitation calculation for a two-dimensional electron gas in a square array of quantum dots in an external constant perpendicular magnetic field to model the influence of cavity photons on the excitation spectra of the system. The excitation is generated by a short elecrical pulse. The quantum dot array is defined in an AlGaAs-GaAs heterostructure, which is in turn embedded in a parallel plate far-infrared photon-microcavity. The required exchange and correlation energy functionals describing the electron-electron and electron-photon interactions have therefore been adapted for a two-dimensional electron gas in a homogeneous external magnetic field. We predict that the energies of the excitation modes activated by the pulse are generally red-shifted to lower values in the presence of a cavity. The red-shift can be understood in terms of the polarization of the electron charge by the cavity photons and depends on the magnetic flux, the number of electrons in a unit cell of the lattice, and the electron-photon interaction strength. We find an interesting interplay of the exchange forces in a spin polarized two-dimensional electron gas and the square lattice structure leading to a small but clear blue-shift of the excitation mode spectra when one electron resides in each dot.
description: RevTeX - pdfLaTeX, 11 pages with 8 included pdf figures
Caroxylon dolichostigmum Mucina 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Mucina, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Caroxylon
Caroxylon dolichostigmum

description: 30. Caroxylon dolichostigmum (Botsch.) Mucina comb. nov.
 Basionym: ― Salsola dolichostigma Botsch. in Botanicheskii Zhurnal 63: 832 (1978).
 Type: ― SOUTH-WEST AFRICA [NAMIBIA]. Spencer Bay-Nordhuk: 12 Jan 1974, Giess & Robinson 13180 (holotype M-0107433!; isotypes PRE-0654398-0!, PRE-0537055-0!, PRE-0537057-0!, WIND!).
 Notes: ― The collection Giess & Robinson 13181 deposited in WIND and PRE and collected at the same locality (South-West Africa [Namibia], Spencer Bay-Nordhuk an Gesteinrändern unweit Strand, 12 January 1974) is considered an isotype of Salsola dolichostigma by http://plants.jstor.org (accessed on 21 January 2011), which is unwarranted.
 Distribution: ― Namibia: Namib Desert coast (Spencer Bay).
description: Published as part of Mucina, Ladislav, 2017, Caroxylon (Chenopodiaceae s. str.) in continental southern Africa and Madagascar: a preliminary nomenclatural synopsis and biogeographical considerations, pp. 151-178 in Phytotaxa 312 (2) on pages 160-161, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13701544
Belieft Trap Pilot Study (USA)
Creators: name: Dahlmann, Frederik
name: Etzion, Dror
name: Lees, Jeffrey
name: Constantino, Sara M.
name: Frigotto, Maria Laura
name: Ungemach, Christoph
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Organizational Behavior and Theory
subject: Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations
subject: Work, Economy and Organizations
subject: Business
subject: Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics Business
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: climate change
subject: sustainability
subject: organizations
subject: SME
subject: social norms
subject: small business
subject: misperception

description: Pilot study of the belief trap measurement paradigm using a Prolific sample of US entrepreneurs
Choosing Their Own Adventure: Student-Selected Reading in Secondary English Classes
Creators: name: Polidoro, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Teenagers--Books & reading
Young adults--Books & reading
Reading

description: This paper provides a discussion of the process involved in creating a professional development website for educators. Choosing their own adventure: Student-selected reading in secondary English classes is a free online resource that provides teachers and school librarians with professional development and instructional materials related to self-selected reading instruction.
The website can be accessed at the following address:
https://sites.google.com/site/choosingtheirownadventure/home
MS Gr. class. c. 2 315
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 339 col. 9. Philodemus, De Stoicis
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
Caroxylon etoshense Mucina 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Mucina, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Caroxylon
Caroxylon etoshense

description: 32. Caroxylon etoshense (Botsch.) Mucina comb. nov. (Fig. 1 E)
 Basionym: ― Salsola etoshensis Botsch. in Botanicheskii Zhurnal 58: 822 (1973).
 Type: ― SOUTH-WEST AFRICA [NAMIBIA]. Etosha Game Reserve: 4.4 miles north of Okakuejo on road to Ondongua, white calcareous gravelly flats, 12 November 1955, De Winter 3610 (holotype LE-00011856!; isotype PRE-0375536-0!).
 Distribution: ― Namibia: Etosha Pan.
description: Published as part of Mucina, Ladislav, 2017, Caroxylon (Chenopodiaceae s. str.) in continental southern Africa and Madagascar: a preliminary nomenclatural synopsis and biogeographical considerations, pp. 151-178 in Phytotaxa 312 (2) on page 161, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13701544
Segregated structure of ring polymer melts near the surface: Molecular dynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Lee, Eunsang
name: Jung, YounJoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study structural properties of a ring polymeric melt confined in a film in comparison to a linear counterpart using molecular dynamics simulations. Local structure orderings of ring and linear polymers in the vicinity of the surface are similar to each other because the length scale of surface-monomer excluded volume interaction is smaller than the size of an ideal blob of the ring. In a long length scale, while the Silberberg hypothesis can be used to provide a physical origin of confined linear polymer results, it no longer holds for a ring polymer case. We also present different structural properties of ring and linear polymers in a melt, including the size of polymers, an adsorbed amount, and the coordination number of a polymer. Our observation reveals that a confined ring in a melt adopts highly segregated conformation due to a topological excluded volume repulsion, which may provide a new perspective to understand the nature of biological processes, such as territorial segregation of chromosomes in eukaryotic nuclei.
Integration of Oscillatory and Subanalytic Functions
Creators: name: Cluckers, Raf
name: Comte, Georges
name: Miller, Daniel J.
name: Rolin, Jean-Philippe
name: Servi, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B15, 14P15, 32B20, 42B20, 42A38 (Primary) 03C64, 14P10, 33B10 (Secondary)

description: We prove the stability under integration and under Fourier transform of a concrete class of functions containing all globally subanalytic functions and their complex exponentials. This paper extends the investigation started in [J.-M. Lion, J.-P. Rolin: "Volumes, feuilles de Rolle de feuilletages analytiques et théorème de Wilkie" Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse Math. (6) 7 (1998), no. 1, 93-112] and [R. Cluckers, D. J. Miller: "Stability under integration of sums of products of real globally subanalytic functions and their logarithms" Duke Math. J. 156 (2011), no. 2, 311-348] to an enriched framework including oscillatory functions. It provides a new example of fruitful interaction between analysis and singularity theory.
description: Final version. Accepted for publication in Duke Math. Journal. Changes in proofs: from Section 6 to the end, we now use the theory of continuously uniformly distributed modulo 1 functions that provides a uniform technical point of view in the proofs of limit statements
Security Impact Analysis of Degree of Field Extension in Lattice Attacks on Ring-LWE Problem
Creators: name: Direbieski, Yuri Lucas
name: Tanioka, Hiroki
name: Matsuura, Kenji
name: Takeuchi, Hironori
name: Sano, Masahiko
name: Ueta, Tetsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern information communications use cryptography to keep the contents of communications confidential. RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) cryptography and elliptic curve cryptography, which are public-key cryptosystems, are widely used cryptographic schemes. However, it is known that these cryptographic schemes can be deciphered in a very short time by Shor's algorithm when a quantum computer is put into practical use. Therefore, several methods have been proposed for quantum computer-resistant cryptosystems that cannot be cracked even by a quantum computer. A simple implementation of LWE-based lattice cryptography based on the LWE (Learning With Errors) problem requires a key length of $O(n^2)$ to ensure the same level of security as existing public-key cryptography schemes such as RSA and elliptic curve cryptography. In this paper, we attacked the Ring-LWE (RLWE) scheme, which can be implemented with a short key length, with a modified LLL (Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovász) basis reduction algorithm and investigated the trend in the degree of field extension required to generate a secure and small key. Results showed that the lattice-based cryptography may be strengthened by employing Cullen or Mersenne prime numbers as the degree of field extension.
description: accepted in COMPSAC 2023 Workshop DSML: The 1st IEEE International Workshop on Data Science & Machine Learning for Cybersecurity, IoT & Digital Forensics
Green synthesis of 2-benzylidene-1-benzofuran-3-ones and in vitro neuraminidase study using molecular docking
Creators: name: Devi, A.P.
name: Dhingra, N.
name: Chundawat, R.S.
name: Ameta, K.L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An improved and green method has been developed for the synthesis of substituted 2-benzylidene-1-benzofuran-3-ones by treating 2-hydroxychalcones with CuBr2 in DMF–water mixture (7:3; v/v) using grinding methodology. Molecular docking and in vitro studies were also carried out, and it was revealed that compound #4h binds with the active amino Glu-277, Try-406 and Arg-152 of neuraminidase against influenza virus. Compound 4h exerts best inhibition activity (13 ± 1.8%) which was found similar to oseltamivir (12 ± 0.89%).
Renormalisation Group determination of scalar mass bounds in a simple Yukawa-model
Creators: name: Jakovac, A.
name: Kaposvari, I.
name: Patkos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar mass is determined in the simplest scalar-fermion Yukawa-model in the whole range of stability of the scalar potential. Two versions of the Functional Renormalisation Group (FRG) equations are solved, where also composite fermionic background is taken into account. The close agreement of the results with previous studies taking into account exclusively the effect of the scalar condensate, supports a rather small systematic truncation error of FRG due to the omission of higher dimensional operators.
description: Presented at the Gribov-85 Conference, Chernogolovka, Russia, June 24-28, 2014, to appear in the Gribov Memorial Volume, eds. Yu. Dokshitzer, P. L\'evai and J. Nyiri
The reaction-diffusion basis of animated patterns in eukaryotic flagella
Creators: name: Cass, James F.
name: Bloomfield-Gadelha, Hermes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We show that the flagellar beat of bull spermatozoa and Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii can be modelled by a minimal, geometrically nonlinear reaction-diffusion system. Model solutions are spatio-temporally animated patterns describing flagellar bending waves, connecting beating patterns of cilia and flagella with chemical patterns from classical reaction-diffusion systems. Instead of chemical species freely reacting and diffusing in space, our system describes the tug-of-war reaction-kinetics of molecular motors that are anchored in the flagellar structure, but the shear deformation that they generate can diffuse away via the bending elasticity of the flagellum. Synchronization of the reaction-kinetics in neighbouring elements occurs via a sliding-control mechanism. We derive from first principles the reaction-diffusion basis of animated patterns as a direct consequence of the high internal energy dissipation by the flagellum relative to the external dissipation by the surrounding fluid. By fitting nonlinear, large-amplitude solutions of a specific motor cross-bridge reaction-kinetics, we show that reaction-diffusion successfully accounts for beating patterns of both bull sperm and Chlamydomonas (wild-type and mbo2-mutant). Our results suggest that the flagellar beat occurs far from equilibrium, in the strongly nonlinear regime, and that a unified mechanism may exist for dynein molecular motor control that is regulated by axonemal sliding, without requiring curvature-sensing or the fine-tuning of basal compliance, and only weakly influenced by hydrodynamic dissipation and the cell body boundary condition. High internal dissipation allows the emergence of base-to-tip autonomous travelling waves, independently of the external fluid viscosity. This enables progressive swimming in low viscosity environments, and may be critical for external fertilizers and aquatic microorganisms.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Integrating Action Knowledge and LLMs for Task Planning and Situation Handling in Open Worlds
Creators: name: Ding, Yan
name: Zhang, Xiaohan
name: Amiri, Saeid
name: Cao, Nieqing
name: Yang, Hao
name: Kaminski, Andy
name: Esselink, Chad
name: Zhang, Shiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Task planning systems have been developed to help robots use human knowledge (about actions) to complete long-horizon tasks. Most of them have been developed for "closed worlds" while assuming the robot is provided with complete world knowledge. However, the real world is generally open, and the robots frequently encounter unforeseen situations that can potentially break the planner's completeness. Could we leverage the recent advances on pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable classical planning systems to deal with novel situations? This paper introduces a novel framework, called COWP, for open-world task planning and situation handling. COWP dynamically augments the robot's action knowledge, including the preconditions and effects of actions, with task-oriented commonsense knowledge. COWP embraces the openness from LLMs, and is grounded to specific domains via action knowledge. For systematic evaluations, we collected a dataset that includes 1,085 execution-time situations. Each situation corresponds to a state instance wherein a robot is potentially unable to complete a task using a solution that normally works. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms competitive baselines from the literature in the success rate of service tasks. Additionally, we have demonstrated COWP using a mobile manipulator. Supplementary materials are available at: https://cowplanning.github.io/
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2210.01287
The inverse problem for Schwinger pair production
Creators: name: Hebenstreit, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of electron-positron pairs in time-dependent electric fields (Schwinger mechanism) depends non-linearly on the applied field profile. Accordingly, the resulting momentum spectrum is extremely sensitive to small variations of the field parameters. Owing to this non-linear dependence it is so far unpredictable how to choose a field configuration such that a predetermined momentum distribution is generated. We show that quantum kinetic theory along with optimal control theory can be used to approximately solve this inverse problem for Schwinger pair production. We exemplify this by studying the superposition of a small number of harmonic components resulting in predetermined signatures in the asymptotic momentum spectrum. In the long run, our results could facilitate the observation of this yet unobserved pair production mechanism in quantum electrodynamics by providing suggestions for tailored field configurations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Revised version: minor changes and references added
Computational studies with flavonoids and terpenoids as BRPF1 inhibitors: in silico biological activity prediction, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, MM/PBSA calculations
Creators: name: Yalçin-Özkat, G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The BRPF1 protein is encoded by the BRPF1 gene. In addition, the BRPF1 gene is known to be upregulated in leukaemia. Recent studies have shown that it is also overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well. Therefore, BRPF1 is a significant target for anti-cancer drug development studies, especially on HCC. 40 terpenoids and flavonoids were chosen because of their anticancer properties given in the literature. In this study, the biological activity of molecules was also investigated with in silico structure-activity relationship analysis. In addition, interactions between a series of terpenoids and flavonoids and the BRPF1 protein were investigated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The energy change caused by the interactions of BRPF1 with different compounds was also evaluated by MM/PBSA calculations. It has been revealed that compound 5 (−9.2 kcal/mol), a kind of secoclerodane type diterpenoid, has a higher affinity both compared to other flavonoids and terpenoids, and 9F9 (−7.9 kcal/mol), a selective BRPF1 inhibitor. The study presented in this article demonstrates that compound 5, as a natural product, could form a chemical scaffold for the development of selective BRPF1 bromodomain inhibitors.
Caroxylon exalatum Mucina 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Mucina, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Caroxylon
Caroxylon exalatum

description: 33. Caroxylon exalatum (Botsch.) Mucina comb. nov.
 Basionym: ― Salsola exalata Botsch. in Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 9: 149 (1972).
 Type: ― SOUTH AFRICA. Orange Free State [Free State Prov.]: Fauresmith Dist., Rosemarie, Brak Farm near Luckhoff, 28 October 1935, Verdoorn 1599 (holotype K-000243989!; isotypes LE, PRE-0375484-0!).
 Distribution: ― Namibia? (Botschantzev 1974a); South Africa (FS, NC): Griqualand West, western Free State.
description: Published as part of Mucina, Ladislav, 2017, Caroxylon (Chenopodiaceae s. str.) in continental southern Africa and Madagascar: a preliminary nomenclatural synopsis and biogeographical considerations, pp. 151-178 in Phytotaxa 312 (2) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13701544
MS Gr. class. c. 2 316
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 339 col. 19. Philodemus, De Stoicis
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
Axion Helioscopes as Solar Thermometers
Creators: name: Hoof, Sebastian
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Thormaehlen, Lennert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axions, if discovered, could serve as a powerful new messenger for studying astrophysical objects. In this study we show how the Sun's spatial and spectral "axion image" can be inverted to infer the radial dependence of solar properties in a model-independent way. In particular, the future helioscope IAXO may allow us to accurately reconstruct the Sun's temperature profile $T(r)$ in the region up to about 80% (40%) of the solar radius for an axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ of $6 \times 10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$ ($10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$). The statistical fluctuations in the photon data lead to a median precision of better than 10% (16%) in this region, and the corresponding median accuracy was better than 4% (7%). While our approach can simultaneously infer the radial profile of the Debye scale $κ_\text{s}(r)$, its weaker connection to the axion production rate leads to median accuracy and precision of worse than 30% and 50%, respectively. We discuss possible challenges and improvements for realistic setups, as well as extensions to more general axion models. We also highlight advantages of helioscopes over neutrino detectors.
description: 14 + 9 pages, 4 figures, v2 corresponds to the published article, code available at https://github.com/sebhoof/SolarAxionFlux
Arctic Corridors and Northern Voices: Governing marine transportation in the Canadian Arctic (Sachs Harbour, Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Northwest Territories community report)
Creators: name: Carter, Natalie Ann
name: Dawson, Jackie
name: Parker, Colleen
name: Cary, Julia
name: Gordon, Holly
name: Kochanowicz, Zuzanna
name: Weber, Melissa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Low impact shipping corridors
Inuit perspectives
Marine transportation governance
Culturally significant marine areas
Arctic shipping impact

description: Ship traffic in the Canadian Arctic nearly tripled between 1990 and 2015. The Government of Canada is developing a network of low-impact marine transportation corridors in the Arctic that encourages marine transportation traffic to use routes that pose less risk and minimize the impact on communities and the environment. The Low Impact Shipping Corridors will be a framework to guide future federal investments to support marine navigation safety in the North, including improved charting and increased hydrography, in partnership with Northerners. The corridors initiative is co-led by the Canadian Coast Guard, Transport Canada, and Canadian Hydrographic Service. Key considerations in the current prioritization of the Low Impact Shipping Corridors include identification of Inuit and Northerners’ perspectives on 1) the potential impact of marine vessels on marine areas used for cultural and livelihood activities, and on community members; and 2) potential management strategies for the corridors. This report reflects opinions gathered through participatory mapping, focus group discussions, and interviews with Sachs Harbour community members who were identified by local organizations as key knowledge holders.
Happy Parents Make Sad Children - A replication study
Creators: name: Filipova, Radina
name: Sellien, Tim
name: Domokos Lukács
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This study examines the extent to which there is a correlation between parental relationship quality and the quality of one's own relationship experiences. Additionally, it investigates whether the similarity or dissimilarity to one's own parents influences personal relationship quality with romantic partners. Furthermore, the length and status of the current or most recent relationship will be assessed to analyze whether these factors may also have an impact on the correlation.
Evolution variable dependence of jet substructure
Creators: name: Sakaki, Yasuhito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies on jet substructure have evolved significantly in recent years. Jet substructure is essentially determined by QCD radiations and non-perturbative effects. Predictions of jet substructure are usually different among Monte Carlo event generators, and are governed by the parton shower algorithm implemented. For leading logarithmic parton shower, even though one of the core variables is the evolution variable, its choice is not unique. We examine evolution variable dependence of the jet substructure by developing a parton shower generator that interpolates between different evolution variables using a parameter $α$. Jet shape variables and associated jet rates for quark and gluon jets are used to demonstrate the $α$-dependence of the jet substructure. We find angular ordered shower predicts wider jets, while relative transverse momentum ($p_{\bot}$) ordered shower predicts narrower jets. This is qualitatively in agreement with the missing phase space of $p_{\bot}$ ordered showers. Such difference can be reduced by tuning other parameters of the showering algorithm, especially in the low energy region, while the difference tends to increase for high energy jets.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Hubble Frontier Fields: Predictions for the Return of SN Refsdal with the MUSE and GMOS Spectrographs
Creators: name: Jauzac, M.
name: Richard, J.
name: Limousin, M.
name: Knowles, K.
name: Mahler, G.
name: Smith, G. P.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Jullo, E.
name: Natarajan, P.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Atek, H.
name: Clément, B.
name: Eckert, D.
name: Egami, E.
name: Massey, R.
name: Rexroth, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high-precision mass model of the galaxy cluster MACSJ1149.6+2223, based on a strong-gravitational-lensing analysis of Hubble Space Telescope Frontier Fields (HFF) imaging data and spectroscopic follow-up with Gemini/GMOS and VLT/MUSE. Our model includes 12 new multiply imaged galaxies, bringing the total to 22, comprised of 65 individual lensed images. Unlike the first two HFF clusters, Abell 2744 and MACSJ0416.1-2403, MACSJ1149 does not reveal as many multiple images in the HFF data. Using the Lenstool software package and the new sets of multiple images, we model the cluster with several cluster-scale dark-matter halos and additional galaxy-scale halos for the cluster members. Consistent with previous analyses, we find the system to be complex, composed of five cluster-scale halos. Their spatial distribution and lower mass, however, makes MACSJ1149 a less powerful lens. Our best-fit model predicts image positions with an RMS of 0.91". We measure the total projected mass inside a 200~kpc aperture as ($1.840\pm 0.006$)$\times 10^{14}$M$_{\odot}$, thus reaching again 1% precision, following our previous HFF analyses of MACSJ0416.1-2403 and Abell 2744. In light of the discovery of the first resolved quadruply lensed supernova, SN Refsdal, in one of the multiply imaged galaxies identified in MACSJ1149, we use our revised mass model to investigate the time delays and predict the rise of the next image between November 2015 and January 2016.
description: Submitted to MNRAS -- 14 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
MS Gr. class. c. 2 317
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 339 col. 3. Philodemus, De Stoicis
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
Arctic Corridors and Northern Voices: Governing marine transportation in the Canadian Arctic Kapiangaqiyuaq (Paulatuk, Inuvialuit Settlement Region, Northwest Territories community report)
Creators: name: Carter, Natalie Ann
name: Dawson, Jackie
name: Parker, Colleen
name: Cary, Julia
name: Gordon, Holly
name: Kochanowicz, Zuzanna
name: Weber, Melissa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Low impact shipping corridors
Inuit perspectives
Marine transportation governance
Culturally significant marine areas
Arctic shipping impact

description: Ship traffic in the Canadian Arctic nearly tripled between 1990 and 2015. The Government of Canada is developing a network of low-impact marine transportation corridors in the Arctic that encourages marine transportation traffic to use routes that pose less risk and minimize the impact on communities and the environment. The Low Impact Shipping Corridors will be a framework to guide future federal investments to support marine navigation safety in the North, including improved charting and increased hydrography, in partnership with Northerners. The corridors initiative is co-led by the Canadian Coast Guard, Transport Canada, and Canadian Hydrographic Service. Key considerations in the current prioritization of the Low Impact Shipping Corridors include identification of Inuit and Northerners’ perspectives on 1) the potential impact of marine vessels on marine areas used for cultural and livelihood activities, and on community members; and 2) potential management strategies for the corridors. This report documents Paulatuk community members’ knowledge and extensive year-round use of important marine areas (ecological, socio-cultural, archaeological, and travel routes), the potential impacts of shipping on those areas and on community members, and recommendations for management of the Low Impact Shipping Corridors. The Beaufort Sea Beluga Management Plan, the Paulatuk Char Conservation Plan and the Paulatuk Community Conservation Plan should be referenced to supplement the findings of this report.
Robust and tunable coreless vortices and fractional vortices in chiral $d$-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Holmvall, Patric
name: Wall-Wennerdal, Niclas
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral $d$-wave superconductivity has recently been proposed in a wide range of materials based on both experiment and theoretical works. Chiral superconductors host a finite Chern number set by the winding of the superconducting order parameter and associated topologically protected chiral edge modes. However, the chiral edge currents and orbital angular momentum (OAM) generated by the edge modes are not topologically protected and another, more robust, experimental probe is therefore needed to facilitate experimental verification of chiral $d$-wave superconductors. We have recently shown the appearance of quadruply quantized coreless vortices (CVs) in chiral $d$-wave superconductors, consisting of a closed domain wall decorated with eight fractional vortices, and generating a smoking-gun signature of the Chern number, chirality, and the superconducting pairing symmetry [P. Holmvall and A. M. Black-Schaffer, arXiv:2212.08156 (2023)]. Specifically, the CV spontaneously breaks axial symmetry for parallel chirality and vorticity, with a signature appearing directly in the local density of states (LDOS) measurable with scanning-tunneling spectroscopy (STS). In this work, we first demonstrate a strong tunability of the CV size and shape directly reflected in the LDOS and then show that the LDOS signature is robust in the presence of regular Abrikosov vortices, strong confinement, system and normal-state anisotropy, different Fermi surfaces (FSs), non-degenerate order parameters, and even non-magnetic impurities. In conclusion, our work establishes CVs as a tunable and robust signature of chiral $d$-wave superconductivity.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures. Parts of material was previously included as Supplemental Material in arXiv:2212.08156, now submitted as an independent work
Reconstructing Adivasi Village History - Problems and Possibilities.pdf
Creators: name: Sen, Asoka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Asian history
Other Indigenous studies not elsewhere classified

description: Adivasis identify rusticity as a significant marker of their collective identity. Though sociologists and anthropologists have played a major role in developing village studies, historical intervention have so far been scant in this regard. This essay intends to fulfil this want in the context of the Adivasis of West Singhbhum district in Jharkhand. As reconstructing Adivasi rural history is problematic, the problem increasing due to its heavy dependence on collective memory, the essay begins by identifying the problems like lack of temporal depth, synoptic nature of memory, manipulation of facts, social contests and deliberate erasure of past that sets up an inevitable contest between memory and history. The next part dwells at length on how this conflict had been resolved paving the possibility of reconstructing Adivasi village history of a region.