cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kaliapsis cidaris Bowerbank 1869
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Phymaraphiniidae
Kaliapsis
Kaliapsis cidaris

description: Kaliapsis cf. cidaris Bowerbank, 1869
(Figure 30)
Synonymy and references. Kaliapsis cidaris Bowerbank, 1869: Pisera & Lévi (2002): 381, fig. 1.
Material. USNM 1228998, Carrie Bow Cay South reef, underside of coral-rubble plates in exposed zone behind reef crest, 0.5 m; K. Ruetzler col. 6 Mar. 2006. USNM 1228999, Carrie Bow Cay South reef, underside of coralrubble plates in exposed zone behind reef crest, 0.5 m; K. Ruetzler col. 13 Mar. 2009.
External morphology. A thin crust (1–2 mm thick) covering 20–30 cm 2 area. Surface smooth but with fine, star-like canal patterns leading toward minute openings (oscula); slightly rough to the touch. Color grayish white.
Skeleton structure. Discotriaenes support the ectosome, desmas occur throughout the choanosome and are accompanied by microxeas.
Spicules. Discotriaenes are microspined, with more or less strongly incised margins; the rhabd appears like a short thorn. Perpendicular disk diameters: 125 x 100 to 260 x 200 Μm (209 x 159 Μm, n=10). Desmas (triders) are broken but intact pieces measure up to 280 Μm in diameter.
Microxeas, microspined, a few having stylote modifications (one end rounded): 21– 60 x 2–5 (46 x 3) Μm. Raphids, with one sharp and one dull point, microspined, with spines pointing saw-like from the sharp toward the dull end (only seen loose on SEM preparations): 80– 83 x 1.1–1.3 µm (n=5).
Ecology. Both specimens occurred on the underside of coral rock in a high-energy habitat behind the reef crest, 0.5 m.
Distribution. The type locality of Kaliapsis cidaris is Fiji Islands, in the South Pacific.
Comments. K. cidaris is not a very well known species but spicule morphology and measurements agree well with Pisera and Lévi’s (2002) redescription, except that the microspined micro-“strongyles” of our material are more oxeote than strongylote and that we observed saw-toothed raphids. Because of these details and the geographic separation we are presenting our identification with some hesitation.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Sphex opacus Dahlbom 1845
Creators: name: Buys, Sandor Christiano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Sphex
Sphex opacus

description: Sphex opacus Dahlbom, 1845
Last instar larva
(Figs 7–12)
Head: Heigth 1.4 mm, width 1.3 mm. Coronal suture short, forming wide notch. Cephalic rugosity absent. Parietal bands brown; 400 mm long, about 15 mm wide. Antennal orbits light brown; subcircular; about 48 mm in diameter. Antennal and frontal concavities brown; clypeal concavity shallower, lighter brown. Coronal and frontal areas without punctures or setae. Epistomal suture indistinct; clypeal area with about 15 punctures; setae absent. Anterior tentorial arms, pleurostoma, and hypostoma brown.
Mouthparts: Labrum bilobed; 280 mm in height, 750 mm wide; inferior and superior margins brown; with about 60 punctures (maximum diameter 8 mm) and 20 basiconic sensillae (4–6 mm in diameter); setae absent. Epipharynx with spines (up to 13 mm long and and 6 mm wide) in marginal, lateral, and median portions, small and scarcer toward the base, spines in median portion facing to base of labrum; sensorial areas with brown dots, with 4/6 basiconic sensillae; marginal band light brown with about seven basiconic sencillae. Mandibles dark brown; 750 mm long; basal portion with six punctures (diameter about 8 mm); setae absent; with four teeth, basal one smaller, teeth gradually larger toward the apex; in inner view mandible is wedge-shaped, inward curved apically, teeth aligned on arc. Maxillae without pigmented areas with few lateral setae (maximum length about 10 mm); maxillary palpi 70 mm long and 55 mm wide; galeae 90 mm long and 65 mm wide; lacinial areas with not curved spines, up to 10 mm long and about 2 mm wide. Labium brown in superior margin and lateral portions; dorsal and marginal portions poorly roughed; labial palpi 75 mm long and 43 mm wide; labial projection of spinneret brown, 580 mm wide, margin with fringe of spines. Peritreme externally without ornamentation. Spines of the opening of the atrium to the sub-atrium cylindrical, with small denticles.
Body: Greyish white. Dorsiventrally flattened; curved. Length 19.5 mm; maximum width 8.5 mm (segment AVI). Dorsal annulets distinct, the posteriorly prominent, not continuous with pleural lobes. Intersegmental lines distinct. Pleural lobes poorly developed on thorax, prominent, joined laterally forming a distinct band continuous with abdomen. Diameter of spiracles: segments TII–TIII = 103 mm; segments AI to AX = 163 mm; spiracular depressions approximately circular, well defined on abdomen, absent on thorax.
description: Published as part of Buys, Sandor Christiano, 2020, Morphological studies on the last instar larvae of three South American species of Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 259-265 in Zootaxa 4885 (2) on pages 262-263, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4885.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4296596
Acarnus nicoleae
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Acarnidae
Acarnus
Acarnus nicoleae

description: Acarnus cf. nicoleae van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991
Synonymy and references. Acarnus nicoleae van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991: 68 (including synonymy); Acarnus (Acanthacarnus) souriei (Lévi, 1962): van Soest, 1984a: 63, fig. 23.
Material. USNM 1191321, Carrie Bow Cay, back reef near crest, 0.3 m; inside and underside of platy coral rubble (Acropora palmata). K. Ruetzler, col. 23 Apr 1974.
External morphology. Thin crusts covering 2–20 cm 2 area; porous surface shows outlines of the larger, exhalant canals. Color deep red.
Skeleton structure. Indistinct tracts of styles and cladotylotes, tangential spicules (tylotes) in the ectosome.
Spicules. Ectosomal tylotes with well developed, microspined heads: 310 –390 x 5–8 (357 x 6) Μm; choanosomal styles and subtylostyles, also with microspined heads: 430–460 x 6–10 (442 x 8) Μm; cladotylotes with spined shaft and 4–5 clads: 140–220 x 13–22 (187 x 17) Μm; acanthostyles, densely covered by small spines: 70– 90 x 3–6 (79 x 5) Μm; chelae: 15–18 (17) Μm; toxa: 110–210 x 1– 2 (150 x 2) Μm.
Ecology. Found on lower surfaces of platy coral rock in wave-exposed backreef habitats, 0.2 –1.5 m.
Distribution. Reported from many locations in the Caribbean, particularly the southern region.
Comments. Our specimen differs from the description of the type material by having only one size category of cladotylotes; a smaller (often rare) kind was not seen. Likewise, only one type and size class of toxas was found (and no “oxhorn” toxas), and that rarely, although our preparations are rich in all other spicule types.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 55-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Sphex dorsalis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau 1845
Creators: name: Buys, Sandor Christiano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Sphex
Sphex dorsalis

description: Sphex dorsalis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
Last instar larva
(Fig. 13)
Head: Height 770 mm, width 650 mm. Coronal suture short. Parietal bands light brown; about 490 mm long and 25 mm wide. Antennal orbits not pigmented; approximately circular; 55 mm in diameter. Frontal concavities developed; antennal concavities reduced, not pigmented; clypeal concavities indistinct. Genal area with 25/27 punctures; without setae. Frontal area with about 10 punctures; without setae. Clypeal area with about 30 punctures and nine setae (6–8 mm long). Anterior tentorial arms not pigmented, pleurostoma and hypostoma lightly pigmented.
Mouthparts: Labrum bilobed; 220 mm in height and 560 mm in width; with about 50 punctures; setae absent. Epipharynx with spines on lateral, basal and median portions, spines up to 18 mm long; spines on median portion facing to base of labrum; marginal pigmented band about 25 mm in maximum width, with 20 sensilla; sensorial areas not pigmented, with 5 sensilla (5–8 mm in diameter). Mandibles 600 mm long; basal portion with four punctures; similar in shape to Sphex opacus. Maxillae without pigmented portions; with few inconspicuous setae (up to 13 mm long) on lateral and ventral portions; basal area with spines and short flattened papillae, each with two marginal spines (spines 2–5 mm long); maxillary palpi 63 mm wide and 40 mm long; galeae 63 mm wide and 75 mm long; lacinial area with spines (up to 8 mm long). Labium 550 mm wide; brown in lateral portions; dorsal portion slightly papillose; ventral portion with about 15 setae (8–15 mm long); labial palpi 45 mm wide, 50 mm long; labial projection of spinnerets unpigmented.
Body: Greyish white. Dorsiventrally flattened; curved. Length about 13 mm; maximum width 4.5 mm (segment AVI). Similar in shape to Sphex opacus, but spiracular depression indistinct. It was not possible to measure the diameter of the spiracles.
description: Published as part of Buys, Sandor Christiano, 2020, Morphological studies on the last instar larvae of three South American species of Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), pp. 259-265 in Zootaxa 4885 (2) on pages 263-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4885.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4296596
Cornulum johnstoni
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Acarnidae
Cornulum
Cornulum johnstoni

description: Cornulum johnstoni (de Laubenfels, 1934)
(Figure 31)
Synonymy and References. Coelosphaerella johnstoni de Laubenfels, 1934: 21.
Material. USNM 1229001, 1229002 Carrie Bow Cay, South reef, lower surface of Acropora coral plates in exposed zone behind reef crest, 1 m. K. Ruetzler col. 6 Mar 2006. USNM 1229003, Curlew Bank, forereef slope, 21 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 21 Aug 2012. USNM 1229004, Curlew Bank, forereef slope, 20 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 23 Aug 2012.
Comparative material examined: USNM 22364 Coelosphaerella johnstoni de Laubenfels, 1934 (holotype), Puerto Rico.
External morphology. Minute, whitish fistules protruding from the dead coral substratum. Their dimensions are 1.5–2.5 mm diameter, 3–5 mm height; they are spaced a few millimeters apart from each other, over a surface area of about 10 to 50 cm 2, or more. About half of the fistules are closed at the distal end and seem to serve as incurrent structures, the others (tubules) are open, end in an osculum. The choanosomal parts of the sponge are mostly inside the substratum, penetrating or excavating small cavities that are filled with tissue. The initial impression of this sponge is that of a miniature Siphonodictyon species. Most of the epilithic sponge structures are white, but some from the deeper cave appeared yellowish and purplish gray in life.
Skeleton structure. The megascleres (strongyles/tylotes) occur in netlike criss-cross fashion in the walls of the ectosomal fistules but are not cemented at their ends, as in an isodictyal reticulation. In the choanosome they occur in lesser numbers and without orientation. Microscleres (chelas, toxas) occur in between the strongyles, particularly in the ectosome.
Spicules. Strongyles, with microspined ends that are mostly slightly thickened, approaching the form of tylotes: 202–300 x 5–12 (255 x 7) Μm; palmate isochelas, most with one end twisted 90r in relation to the other: 13–15 (14) Μm; toxas, in large size range: 41–171 x <1–6 (127 x 3) Μm.
Ecology. Very common on shaded substrata and in dark caves, but not easily seen with the unaided eye. Here found to a depth of 21 m, originally described from deep-sea bottoms at 360– 720 m.
Distribution. Caribbean Sea.
Comments. We verified the original description by examining the holotype (USNM 22364). Although the sizes of the strongyles in the type are somewhat larger (345 x 9 Μm, on average), all other morphological characteristic agree fully with our material.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 56-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Wigginsia curlewensis Rützler, Piantoni, Van & Díaz, 2014, new species
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Acarnidae
Wigginsia
Wigginsia curlewensis

description: Wigginsia curlewensis new species
(Figures 4 a, 32)
Synonymy and references. Wigginsia de Laubenfels, 1953a: Hooper (2002): 428, fig. 12.
Material. Holotype: USNM 1229005, Curlew Bank, forereef slope, framework cave, 21 m; C. Piantoni & M. Parrish col. 21 Aug 2012.
Additional material examined: USNM 23222 Wigginsia wigginsi de Laubenfels, 1953a (holotype).
Diagnosis. Wigginsia with ectosomal tylotes, microspined at both ends (tyles), two size classes of choanosomal acanthostyles, microspined strongyles, and palmate isocheles.
External morphology. A very thin crust (<1 mm) coating about 25 cm 2 of the rock substratum. Smooth surface with a few porous areas but no distinctive openings. Live color is yellow orange.
Skeleton structure. Two size classes of acanthostyles and a small number of acanthostrongyles are positioned more or less erect and echinating on the substratum; longer, slim tylotes occur tangentially near the surface; rare isocheles are dispersed throughout the tissue.
Spicules. Ectosomal tylotes, microspined at the swollen ends (tyles): 220–295 x 5–8 (266 x 7) Μm; strongyles, microspined over entire shaft (acanthostrongyles): 161–200 x 3–7 (175 x 6) Μm; acanthostyles I, with coarse spines pointed away from the point, toward the rounded end: 146–210 x 10–17 (183 x 13) Μm; acanthostyles II, of similar shape but smaller: 53–114 x 5–9 (73 x 7) Μm; palmate isochelas (rare, n=5): 7–8 µm.
Ecology. Found only once, in a reef cave at 21 m.
Distribution. Belize.
Etymology. Named after the type locality, Curlew Bank (formerly Curlew Cay; the islet was washed away by a hurricane in the 1940s).
Comments. The type and only described species in this genus (Wigginsia wigginsi de Laubenfels, 1953a) was reported from the Arctic (North Pacific); this is the first record of the genus from the tropical Atlantic. As shown in Hooper (2002, fig. 12), our species differs from W. wigginsi by longer, slimmer ectosomal tylotes, smaller and thinner but more heavily spined acanthostyles in two distinct size classes, and the microspination of the strongyles.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Echinops ceratophorus Boiss.
Creators: name: Negaresh, Kazem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Echinops
Echinops ceratophorus

description: Echinops ceratophorus Boiss.
(Fig. 1)
Diagnosis Plantarum Orientalium Novarum 1 (6): 100 (Boissier 1846).
Echinops villosissimus Bunge var. glutinosissimus Parsa, Kew Bulletin 3 (2): 208 (Parsa 1948). — Holotype: Iran. Fars Province, prope Shiraz, 15.VI.1885, O. Stapf 1695 (holo-, K[K000768891]!).
Echinops farsicus Rech. f., Oesterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 97: 245 (Rechinger 1950). — Holotype: Iran. Fars Province, Kuh Tschah Siah, an der Pistaziengrenze, 16.VII.1885, O. Stapf 1276 (holo-, WU[WU0060105]!).
LECTOTYPE (here designated). — Iran. Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province: ad radices Kuh Delu prope Deremgun, 17.VI.1842, Th. Kotschy 548 (lecto-, G [G00765429]!; isolecto-, FI [FI006558]!, G [G00223648, G00223649 (two sheets comprising one specimen)]!, H [H1052030]!, K [K000768890]!, L [L3680430]!, MO [MO-714042]!, P [P00711511, P00711514]!, W [W18890072845, W0022362, W0022363, W0022364]!, WAG [WAG0000565]!).
REMARKS
Fifteen herbarium specimens of the type of Echinops ceratophorus were found at FI, G, H, K, L, MO, P, W, and WAG, which have to be treated as syntypes (art. 40 note 1 of Turland et al. 2018). According to McNeill (2014), the existence of a holotype cannot be established in this case because there was more than one specimen for this species, housed in more than one institution. The specimen G00765429 is selected here as the lectotype, because it clearly shows the characters mentioned in the protologue.
Rechinger (1950) described Echinops farsicus as a new species from Kuh Tschah Siah (Fars Province) for Iran. Twenty nine years later, Rechinger (1979) placed E. farsicus to synonymy of E. ceratophorus. As no morphological differences between both species can be seen, Rechinger’s treatment is followed here.
description: Published as part of Negaresh, Kazem, 2022, Lectotypification of four Iranian endemic taxa of Echinops L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae), pp. 49-55 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (7) on page 50, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a7, http://zenodo.org/record/6322918
Clathria (Microciona) bulbotoxa
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Clathria
Clathria bulbotoxa

description: Clathria (Microciona) bulbotoxa van Soest, 1984
(Figures 2 b, 33)
Synonymy and references. Clathria (Microciona) bulbotoxa van Soest, 1984a: 103, fig. 41, pl. 7: 5–8.
Material. USNM 1229006, Carrie Bow Cay, North channel, underside of coral rock, 6 m; K. Ruetzler, col. 23 May 1979. USNM 1229007, Curlew Bank, forereef framework cave wall, 20 m; C. Piantoni col. 29 Jun 2007.
External morphology. Thinly encrusting, covering up to 60 cm 2 substratum. Soft consistency, slightly mucous; smooth surface, except for protruding substrate structure and a few subectosomal canals; numerous, very small (ca. 1 mm) oscula. Bright red, uniform color in life, only oscular rims being slightly less pigmented (appearing pink).
Skeleton structure. Disorderly strands of spongin cored and echinated by (sub-)tylostyles; in places, these megascleres are arranged in criss-cross fashion. Microscleres were found throughout the ecto- and choanosome. An irregular network of spongin fibers cored by (sub-) tylostyles, echinated by stubby acanthostyles. Smaller tylostyles are in the ectosome, some forming brushes at the surface.
Spicules. All megascleres have more or less pronounced heads (subtylostyles), the larger ones rough or with a few spines on top, many of the smaller category with distinctly microspined heads. Subtylostyles I (choanosomal): 132–550 x 10–20 (357 x 14) Μm; subtylostyles II (ectosomal): 120–390 x 3–8 (290 x 6) Μm; bulbous toxas: 58–182 (104) Μm; their thickness measures 3.0–8.0 (5) Μm in the bulbous parts, as compared to 2.0–5.7 (3) Μm at the center of the arch; smaller, regular toxas (possibly early developmental stages of the bulbous kind, as suggested by van Soest in the description of the type): 20–47 (29) Μm length, 1.1–4.7 (2) Μm thick, at the center of the arch; palmate isochelas (most of them twisted): 13.4–14.0 (14) Μm.
Ecology. Occurs under rock and in cave habitats in deeper parts of reefs, to 25 m.
Distribution. Found in the Netherlands Antilles and Belize, so apparently Caribbean-wide. Comments. Both the original author (van Soest, 1984a) and our group found the characteristic bulbous toxas as foreign spicules in some preparations made from other reef sponges.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 59-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
title: A real-time historical database of macroeconomic indicators for Russia
Creators: name: Gornostaev, Dmitry
name: Ponomarenko, Alexey
name: Seleznev, Sergey
name: Sterkhova, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Bank of Russia
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We compile a database that contains data vintages of a large collection of short-term economic indicators. The main result of the work is a database which is available as an electronic annex to this working paper. The Research and Forecasting Department of the Bank of Russia plans to update this database in the future. We also perform an illustrative analysis of the properties of the revisions for a number of indicators. The preliminary results indicate that the magnitude of the revisions is in many cases substantial.
Doloisia (Doloisia) alata Schluger, Grochovskaja, Ngu, Hoe and Tung 1961
Creators: name: Nielsen, David H.
name: Robbins, Richard G.
name: Rueda, Leopoldo M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Trombiculidae
Doloisia

description: Doloisia (Doloisia) alata Schluger, Grochovskaja, Ngu, Hoe and Tung, 1961:
ORI
Doloisia alata Schluger, Grochovskaja, Ngu, Hoe and Tung, 1961
Doloisia (Doloisia) alata, Stekolnikov 2021
description: Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4745510
Echinops lalesarensis Bornm.
Creators: name: Negaresh, Kazem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Echinops
Echinops lalesarensis

description: Echinops lalesarensis Bornm.
(Fig. 3)
Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 36 (2): 202 (1918).
Echinops villosissimus Bunge [var.] ss. lalesarensis Bornm., nom. nud. in sched., Bornmüller: Iter Persico-Turcicum 1892-93, No. 4055.
Echinops lalesarensis var. adenocaulis Bornm., Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 36 (2): 203 (Bornmüller 1918). — Lectotype (here designated): Iran. Kerman Province, in regione inferior montis Kuh Lalesar prope pagum Lalesar, c. 3000 m, VII.1892, J. F. N. Bornmüller 4055 p.p. (lecto-, B[B100093502]!; isolecto-, K[K000768897]! right hand of the sheet).
LECTOTYPE (here designated). — Iran. Kerman Province, in regione inferiore montis Kuh Lalesar prope pagum Lalesar, c. 3000 m, 15.VII.1892, J. F. N. Bornmüller 4055 (lecto-, B [B100093507]!; isolecto-, B [B100093503, B100093504, B100093505, B100093506]!, BR [BR0000005267729]!, G [G00223636, G00223637]!, JE [JE00008414, JE00008415]!, K [K000768896]! left hand of the sheet, LD [LD1044387]!, W [W0045820, W0045839, W18960003994]!).
REMARKS
Bornmüller first supposed this species to be a variety of E. villosissimus but later described it as species. Bornmüller (1918) described Echinops lalesarensis based on collections of him from Lalesar, but did not designate a holotype nor did mention the name of the herbarium where the specimens were housed. Subsequently, fifteen specimens of E. lalesarensis collected by Bornmüller from Lalesar were found at different herbaria. Of these, the specimen B100093507 is better preserved and more complete than the other specimens and best represents the species description given in the protologue, hence it is designated here as the lectotype.
Echinops lalesarensis var. adenocaulis was described by Bornmüller (1918). According to him, it is distinguished from the typical variety by having glandular indumentum on stem. In their account, Montazerolghaem et al. (2016), considering morphological data, placed var. adenocaulis to synonymy of E. lalesarensis. Montazerolghaem et al. ’s treatment is followed here. Anyway a lectotype for this taxon is chosen here too.
description: Published as part of Negaresh, Kazem, 2022, Lectotypification of four Iranian endemic taxa of Echinops L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae), pp. 49-55 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (7) on page 54, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a7, http://zenodo.org/record/6322918
Clathria (Microciona) campecheae Hooper 1996
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Clathria
Clathria campecheae

description: Clathria (Microciona) campecheae Hooper, 1996
(Figure 34)
Synonymy and references. Hymeraphia affinis Topsent, 1889: 43, fig. 8A; Microciona affinis (Topsent): Macintyre et al. (1982): 134; Clathria (Microciona) affinis (Topsent, 1889): van Soest (1984a): 93, fig. 36 (not Clathria (Microciona) affinis (Carter, 1880), a valid species); Clathria (Microciona) campecheae Hooper, 1996: 220.
Material. USNM 32864, Columbus Cay cave, Belize, 18–21 m; G. Hendler & I. G. Macintyre col. 26 Apr 1979. USNM 1191352, Carrie Bow Cay, forereef cave, off Curlew Bank, 20 m; C. Piantoni col. 2 Jul 2007. USNM 1229009, Carrie Bow Cay, forereef cave, off Curlew Bank, 21 m; C. Piantoni & M. Parrish, col. 21 Aug 2012.
External morphology. Forming very thin crusts on rock and other organisms, bristly from large protruding spicules. Tiny oscula visible in live specimens but fully contracted in preserved material. Color yellow orange to reddish brown.
Skeleton structure. Large styles/tylostyles arranged perpendicular to the substrate, accompanied by smaller acanthostyles, with heads embedded in basal spongin layer. Other megascleres and microsleres occur throughout, without particular orientation.
Spicules. Choanosomal styles or subtylostyles with spiny heads, 400–880 x 13–25 (573 x 18) Μm. Ectosomal subtylostyles with microspined heads, 230–660 x 5–14 (491 x 7) Μm. Acanthostyles, 70–190 x 8–18 (133 x 12) Μm. Palmate isochelae, 12–17 (15) Μm. Toxa, 42–380 x 1–7 (287 x 4) Μm.
Ecology. Encrusting various substrates on reefs and in reef caves, including serpulid worm tubes and other sponges, such as Agelas schmidti; 18–25 m depth.
Distribution. Known from the Gulf of Mexico and the western and southern Caribbean.
Comments. Transfer of Topsent’s species to Clathria (Microciona) by van Soest (1984a) created a taxonomic conflict with Clathria affinis (Carter), prompting Hooper (1996a) to introduce the new name C. campecheae.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Clathria (Microciona) echinata Alcolado 1984
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Clathria
Clathria echinata

description: Clathria (Microciona) cf. echinata (Alcolado, 1984)
Synonymy and References. Axociella echinata Alcolado, 1984: 7, figs 3B, 4B; Clathria (Microciona) simpsoni van Soest, 1984: 97, fig. 38, pl. 7:2–4.
Material. USNM 1229010, Carrie Bow Cay, South reef, surf-exposed zone behind reef crest, underside of dead Acropora coral plates, 0.5 m; K. Ruetzler col. 6 Mar 2006.
Field identification (06-KC4f, not preserved): Carrie Bow back reef and reef flat, inside dead conch shells, 1 m; K. Ruetzler & C. Piantoni col. 23 Feb 2006.
External morphology. Thin crusts, covering up to 25 cm 2 area. Very small (<1 mm) oscula, barely noticeable. Live color bright red.
Skeleton structure. Ascending, branching fiber tracts, cored and echinated by styles. Subtylostyles and microscleres free in the tissue, particularly in the ectosome.
Spicules. Robust styles of large size range, most thickest at the (top) round end, some fusiform, thickest in the upper third of the length: 150–550 x 7–15 (341 x 9) Μm; subtylostyles, with microspined tops: 210–450 x 2–10 (263 x 4) Μm; toxas (some oxeote): 190–280 x 5–8 (243 x 6) Μm; raphide-like toxas: 60– 90 x 1 (75 x 1) Μm; cleistocheles (tips of palmate chela hooks almost touch): 9–13 (11) Μm.
Ecology. Only found in shaded locations on shallow reef substrates, 0.5– 1 m.
Distribution. Bermuda, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and throughout the Caribbean.
Comments. Our specimens differ from the descriptions by Alcolado (1984) and van Soest (1984a) by lacking the large toxiform oxeas and regular (non-cleistochele) chelas. More material will be needed to clarify this inconsistency.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 2: of A vaccine consisting of Schistosoma mansoni cathepsin B formulated in Montanide ISA 720 VG induces high level protection against murine schistosomiasis
Creators: name: Ricciardi, Alessandra
name: Kittipos Visitsunthorn
name: Dalton, John
name: Momar Ndao
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Parasite burden reduction in experimental mice compared to saline control mice. The experimental mice were immunized with a formulation of 20 μg Sm-cathepsin B + Montanide ISA 720 VG. Statistically significant decreases in all forms of parasite burden (worm, hepatic egg, and intestinal egg numbers) were observed in the experimental mice compared to the saline control mice (mice that were immunized with saline alone). (PDF 131 kb)
Clathria (Thalysias) curacaoensis Arndt 1927
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Clathria
Clathria curacaoensis

description: Clathria (Thalysias) curacaoensis Arndt, 1927
(Figures 2 a, 35)
Synonymy and references. Aulospongus schoenus de Laubenfels, 1936b: 100, pl. 13 (3); Raphidophlus schoenus (de Laubenfels, 1936): van Soest (1984a): 112, fig. 44.
Material. USNM 1229011, Carrie Bow Cay, inner reef slope, cave ceiling, 18 m; K. Ruetzler col. 14 May 1975. USNM 1229012, Carrie Bow Cay lagoon, under concrete dock, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 17 Jun 1977. USNM 1229013, Carrie Bow Cay lagoon, lower surface of coral plate. K. Ruetzler col. 8 May 2007. USNM 1229014, Carrie Bow Cay lagoon, under concrete dock, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 3 July 2007. USNM 1229015, 1229016, 1229017, 1229018, Carrie Bow Cay South reef, lower surface of rock slab, 1 m; K.Ruetzler col. 13 Mar 0 9.
External morphology. Thinly encrusting 4–60 cm 2 areas; dry feeling (non-mucous). Live color is deep red, dull red, greenish orange to ochre.
Skeleton structure. Interconnected spicule tracts (including styles and tylostyles), ending in reticulation and some brushes at the sponge surface. Acanthostyles occur mainly near the base.
Spicules. Styles, many subtylote: 220–360 x 5–9 (324 x 7) Μm; (sub-)tylostyles I (some with microspined heads): 220–330 x 3–4 (262 x 4) Μm; (sub-)tylostyles II: 80–160 x 2–3 (122 x 2) Μm some with microspined heads); acanthostyles: 38– 60 x 5–10 (48 x 6) Μm; regular toxas: 45–100 (67) Μm, all about 1 Μm thick; rhaphidiform toxas: 200–275 (160) Μm, all <1–1 Μm thick; palmate isochaelas in two size categories, I: 8–13 (12) Μm and II: 3–8 (5) Μm, the latter mostly twisted.
Ecology. Common on the lower surfaces of coral rubble; also found on concrete pillars under a boat dock, and on the ceiling of a small cave on the forereef; 1– 18 m.
Distribution. Forida, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean.
Comments. Lobate, ramose, and flabellate specimens are known from non-cryptic habitats in mangroves and on reefs (van Soest, 1984a). The synonymy of this species has been clarified in a recent revision by van Soest et al. (2013a).
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 61-62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 1: of A vaccine consisting of Schistosoma mansoni cathepsin B formulated in Montanide ISA 720 VG induces high level protection against murine schistosomiasis
Creators: name: Ricciardi, Alessandra
name: Kittipos Visitsunthorn
name: Dalton, John
name: Momar Ndao
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Recombinant Sm-cathepsin B expression. In panel A, the Coomassie stained polyacrylamide gel demonstrates the Sm-cathepsin B representative band at 39Â kDa. The same band is also seen upon western blot analysis using anti-His tag antibodies as demonstrated in panel B. (PDF 18Â kb)
Monanchora arbuscula Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Crambeidae
Monanchora
Monanchora arbuscula

description: Monanchora arbuscula (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
(Figure 3 d)
Synonymy and References. Echinostylinos unguiferus de Laubenfels, 1953b: 528, fig. 6. Monanchora barbadensis Hechtel, 1969: 21, fig. 3; van Soest (1984a): 40, fig. 12.
Material. USNM 1229045, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, low spur and groove zone, underside of Agaricia coral rubble, 8–9 m; K. Ruetzler col. 7 May 1973. USNM 1229046, 1229047, Carrie Bow Cay forereef slope, lower surface of coral rock, 25 m; K. Ruetzler col. 26 Apr 1974. USNM 1229048, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, low spur and groove zone, underside of Agaricia coral rubble, 8–9 m; K. Ruetzler col. 11 May 1975. USNM 1229049, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, high spur and groove zone, mini-cave, 4 m; K. Ruetzler col. 11 May 1979. USNM 1229050, Carrie Bow Cay forereef spur, at the base of the sponge Svenzea zeai (Alvarez, van Soest & Ruetzler), 6 m; K. Ruetzler col. 1 Feb 1997. USNM 1229051, 1229052, Curlew Bank, forereef cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni col. 28 Jun 2007. USNM 1229053, Curlew Bank forereef, lower surface of dead Agaricia coral plate, 21 m; C. Piantoni, col. 28 Jun 2007. USNM 1229054, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, cryptic in cavity, 28 m; M. C. Diaz col. 8 Sep 2009. USNM 1229055, Curlew Bank forereef slope, small cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 23 Aug 2012. Field observation (12-30, no material preserved): Curlew Bank forereef slope, small cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 23 Aug 2012.
External morphology. All specimens encountered were thin (1–3 mm) encrustations covering 2–50 cm 2 substratum. Small oscula (1–2 mm), slightly elevated. Most specimens, when undisturbed, show dark red subectosomal canals leading toward the oscula, contrasted against a whitish hue in the surrounding ectosome. Color is deep red throughout.
Skeleton structure. Megascleres (subtylostyles, tylostyles) may be erect at the base but are mostly forming tracts that brush out toward the ectosome. Microscleres are dispersed between the tracts.
Spicules. Thick subtylostyles I, usually straight, ranging from pure styles to tylostyles with poorly pronounced tyle: 160–360 x 4–15 (237 x 9) Μm; thin subtylostyles II (more common than I), straight or slightly curved: 120–280 x 3–8 (237 x 4) Μm; anchorate isocheles (unguiferate, with 3–5 teeth): 20–30 (23) Μm; reduced chelae (appearing like sigmas): 6–12 (8) Μm.
Ecology. In forereef caves or cryptic under rocks and platy coral rubble, 4– 28 m.
Distribution. Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, off Brazil.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 64-65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 1: Table S1. of The prevalence and health consequences of frailty in a population-based older home care cohort: a comparison of different measures
Creators: name: Campitelli, Michael
name: Bronskill, Susan
name: Hogan, David
name: Diong, Christina
name: Amuah, Joseph
name: Sudeep Gill
name: Seitz, Dallas
name: Kednapa Thavorn
name: Wodchis, Walter
name: Maxwell, Colleen
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: (List of items used to derive full frailty index and modified frailty index); Table S2. (Baseline characteristics and outcomes by modified frailty index); Table S3. (Baseline characteristics and outcomes by CHESS scale); Figure S1. (Distribution of modified and full frailty index). (DOCX 42.2 kb)
Clathria (Thalysias) venosa Alcolado 1984
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Clathria
Clathria venosa

description: Clathria (Thalysias) venosa (Alcolado, 1984)
(Figure 2 a)
Synonymy and References. Microciona venosa Alcolado, 1984: 6, fig. 4A.
Material. USNM 1229019, Carrie Bow Cay, reef flat East, 0.5 m, underside of coral plate; K. Ruetzler col. 1 May 1974. USNM 1229020, 1229021 Carrie Bow Cay, under concrete dock; K. Ruetzler col. 12 May 1978. USNM 1229022, Carrie Bow Cay, South reef, lower surface of coral slab, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 9 Jan 1988. USNM 1191357, Carrie Bow south barrier back reef, underside of platy coral rubble, 0.5 m; K. Ruetzler col. 6 Mar 2006. USNM 1191358, Carrie Bow Cay, under CBC concrete dock, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 3 Jul 2007.
External morphology. Thin, soft and somewhat mucous crusts, 25–40 cm 2, with vein-like canals leading toward small oscula (1mm, fully contracted in alcohol). Live color gray to yellow-orange on the surface, red below.
Skeleton structure. Megasclere tracts (subtylostyles echinated by small acanthostyles) extending from the substrate toward the surface; brushes of small subtylostyles protruding from ectosome. Very thin toxas (toxashaped raphids) and chelas throughout the tissue.
Spicules. Subtylostyles I, some with minute spines (only seen by SEM) on the heads: 190–450 x 3–7 (274 x 4) Μm; subtylostyles II, some are styles: 60–150 x 1–3 (138 x 2) Μm; acanthostyles: 43– 60 x 3–8 (48 x 5) Μm; toxas: 30–325 x <1 (164 x <1) Μm; palmate isochelas, 9–15 (13) Μm long, some of them twisted.
Ecology. Found under a concrete dock in the lagoon and on the lower surface of dead Acropora palmata plates in a wave-exposed exposed zone of the barrier-reef crest, in 0.5 –1 m depth.
Distribution. Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean.
Comments. Chelae are rare or absent in some specimens.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 62-63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Doloisia (Doloisia) bhati Fernandes and Kulkarni 2003
Creators: name: Nielsen, David H.
name: Robbins, Richard G.
name: Rueda, Leopoldo M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Trombiculidae
Doloisia
Doloisia bhati

description: Doloisia (Doloisia) bhati Fernandes and Kulkarni, 2003:
ORI
description: Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4745510
Additional file 2: Tables 2, 3, 4 and 6 with data presented in absolute numbers. of Identification of hepatitis B and C screening and patient management guidelines and availability of training for chronic viral hepatitis among health professionals in six European countries: results of a semi-quantitative survey
Creators: name: Bechini, Angela
name: Falla, Abby
name: Ahmad, Amena
name: Veldhuijzen, Irene
name: Boccalini, Sara
name: Porchia, Barbara
name: Levi, Miriam
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Health professionals reporting the existence of national general hepatitis B and C guidelines in their country. Table 3. Health professionals identifying hepatitis general or specific guidelines by professional group and by country. Table 4. Availability of training to improve knowledge and skills in viral hepatitis in the six countries. Table 6. Health professionalsâ   opinion on the existence of barriers as explanations of why hepatitis B/C cases do not reach specialized health care (e.g. hepatologists) for further investigation and treatment. Results are presented by country. (DOCX 23 kb)
Ectyoplasia ferox Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Raspailiidae
Ectyoplasia
Ectyoplasia ferox

description: Ectyoplasia ferox (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
Synonymy and references. Ectyoplasia ferox (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864): Zea (1987): 202, fig. 73, pl. 12: 6–7.
Material. USNM 1229035, Carrie Bow Cay, forereef cave, 22 m; K. Ruetzler col. 24 Apr 1974. USNM 1229036, Carrie Bow Cay, forereef slope, coral rock underside, 25 m; K. Ruetzler col. 26 Apr 1974. USNM 1229037 Curlew Bank, forereef cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni col. 28 Jun 2007. USNM 1229038, 1229039, Curlew Bank, forereef cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni col. 2 Jul 2007. USNM 1229040, 1229041, 1229042, Carrie Bow Cay, South reef, lower surface of rock slab, 1m; K. Ruetzler col. 13 Mar 0 9. USNM 1229043, Curlew Bank forereef cave, 18 m; C. Piantoni & M. Parrish col. 25 Aug 2012.
External morphology. Thick cushions (1–4 cm) extending to 150 cm 2 area, with oscula elevated on cones, volcano-like. Oscular diameters 3–7 mm. Surface smooth to velvety and verrucose. Consistency firm, elastic, but easily crumbled. Color rich, clear orange to orange brown, to ochre, purplish and grayish brown, yellow orange, and yolk yellow; interior lighter, cream to yellow.
Skeleton structure. The choanosome is very porous but supported by ascending, plumose spicule tracts that branch and coalesce; in between the columns, spicules are found in halichondriid arrangement, without particular orientation. There is no ectosomal specialization.
Spicules. The spiculation consists of robust styles, mixed with a varying number of delicate acanthostyles. The styles are curved or sharply bent at the upper third of their length (near the blunt end): 286 –370 x 9–17 (359 x 14) Μm; acanthostyles are have most spination on the lower half (toward the point) and are smooth above; in many, the longest spines are surrounding the point, perpendicular to the main axis: 114–180 x 4–11 (156 x 6) Μm.
Ecology. Common on the open forereef but also under rocks and in caves, 1– 25 m. One cave specimen (USNM 1229043) fully overgrew another sponge, Iotrochota birotulata.
Distribution. Florida, Bahamas, and Caribbean.
Comments. Specimens from the light-exposed open reef tend to form groups of laterally fused tubes; the encrusting shape seems typical for caves and other cryptic habitats.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 63-64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 1 of Detecting patterns of species diversification in the presence of both rate shifts and mass extinctions
Creators: name: Laurent, Sacha
name: Robinson-Rechavi, Marc
name: Salamin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Details of the comparisons between our backward and the forward-like algorithms used to perform the simulations.
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Identification of hepatitis B and C screening and patient management guidelines and availability of training for chronic viral hepatitis among health professionals in six European countries: results of a semi-quantitative survey
Creators: name: Bechini, Angela
name: Falla, Abby
name: Ahmad, Amena
name: Veldhuijzen, Irene
name: Boccalini, Sara
name: Porchia, Barbara
name: Levi, Miriam
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Hepatitis B/C related guidance documents retrieved by the literature search and/or identified by experts. (DOCX 36 kb)