cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Vorwort und Begrüßung zum Tag des Baubetriebs 2000
Creators: name: Bargstädt, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Begrüßung
subject: 620

description: Richtung baubetrieblicher Forschung, Überblick über das Tagungsprogramm
description: Tag des Baubetriebs 2000 - Tagungsbeiträge: "Prozesssteuerung - Projektleitung - Dienstleistung", p. 3
description: Schriften der Professur Baubetrieb und Bauverfahren, vol. 02
Computerspielanalyse konkret: Methoden und Instrumente - erprobt an Max Payne 2
Creators: name: Stingeder, Karl H.
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Verlag: Kopäd Erscheinungsdatum: Mai 2009 ISBN: 3867360693
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 3 (2011): 3/2011 - Von der IKT zur Medienbildung
A Casual Revolution - Reinventing Video Games and their Players
Creators: name: Stingeder, Karl H.
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Verlag: MIT Press Erscheinungsdatum: 13. November 2009 ISBN: 0262013371 Der Zeitvertreib mit digitalem Spielen wird in letzter Konsequenz in einen gesellschaftlichen Konsens über Videospiele münden. Eine Entwicklung, deren Advent ausgehend vom kommerziellen Erfolg des Casual Games seit Ende der 1990er Jahre markiert werden kann und sich in Folge der enormen Verbreitung von virtuellen sozialen Plattformen (und den dort eingebundenen Spielen) manifestiert. Keine Revolution, vielmehr eine Evolution, die schlussendlich darin resultieren könnte, dass Videospiele sämtliche Alters- und Bildungsschichten erfassen und daher als wertvolles Kulturgut anerkannt werden.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 4 (2010): 4/2010 - Literacies
Observation of an ultracold plasma instability
Creators: name: Zhang, X. L.
name: Fletcher, R. S.
name: Rolston, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first observation of an instability in an expanding ultracold plasma. We observe periodic emission of electrons from an ultracold plasma in weak, crossed magnetic and electric fields, and a strongly perturbed electron density distribution in electron time-of-flight projection images. We identify this instability as a high-frequency electron drift instability due to the coupling between the electron drift wave and electron cyclotron harmonic, which has large wavenumbers corresponding to wavelengths close to the electron gyroradius.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
Local government decision-making and community planning : a study based on A.L.R. exclusion applications
Creators: name: Boyle, Geraldine Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The objective of the study is to provide a fuller understanding of elected local government decision-making on the use of land, in particular, to examine the notion of universal goal-priorities and the role of site specific information in decision-making. Such an understanding helps in determining the usefulness of various approaches to community planning and is used in the study to assess the 'general plan' concept. The objectives of the study are pursued through an analysis of Regional Board decisions on land owner applications for exclusion of land from the A.L.R. The question of universal goal-priorities is addressed by examining the degree to which Regional Boards exhibit similar support for the preservation of agricultural land and by statistically analyzing the extent to which differences stem from certain regional characteristics (Importance of Agriculture to Regional Economy, Population Growth Pressures in the Region and Level of Urbanism in the Region). The question of the role of site specific information in decision-making is addressed by statistically analyzing the significance of certain site specific information (C.L.I. Rating for Agriculture, Location in Relation to the A.L.R. Primary Existing Use and Primary Surrounding Land Use) to Regional Board decisions. The analysis indicated that a universal priority is not attached to the goal of preserving agricultural land, even when regional characteristics are recognized, and that site specific information has little, if any, consistent effect on land use decisions. From these findings it was concluded that elected local government land use decision-making is characterized by a lack of universal goal-priorities and a lack of a narrowly defined information base. In terms of the 'general plan' concept, these characteristics of elected local government land use decision-making suggest that it is a useful approach to community planning, provided it is used as a process composed of a blend of procedures and participants which vary at different points in time and from community to community. In conclusion, this study illustrates the demanding nature of the environment in which community planners must operate -- an environment in which universal goal-priorities are lacking and where narrowly defined information is inconsequential to decision-making. Under these circumstances, effectiveness demands efforts to understand and clarify the uniqueness of of each planning environment and to adopt a comprehensive approach to the information base of plans and recommendations.
Editorial 4/2011: Bildbewegungen. Die Räume des Filmischen
Creators: name: Ballhausen, Thomas
name: Barberi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2017

description: Editorial 4/2011
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Suppression of quantum tunneling for all spins for easy-axis systems
Creators: name: Khare, Avinash
name: Paranjape, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semi-classical limit of quantum spin systems corresponds to a dynamical Lagrangian which contains the usual kinetic energy, the couplings and interactions of the spins and an additional, first order kinematical term which corresponds to the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten (WZNW) term for the spin degree of freedom \cite{og}. It was shown that in the case of the kinetic dynamics determined only by the WZNW term, half odd integer spin systems show a lack of tunneling phenomena whereas integer spin systems are subject to it \cite{l} in the case of potentials with easy-plane easy-axis symmetry. Here we prove, for the theory with a normal quadratic kinetic term of arbitrary strength or the first order theory with azimuthal symmetry (which is equivalently the so-called easy-axis situation), that the tunneling is in fact suppressed for all non-zero values of spin. This model exemplifies the concept that in the presence of complex Euclidean action, it is necessary to use the ensuing complex critical points in order to define the quantum (perturbation) theory \cite{ampr}. In the present example, if we do not do so, exactly the opposite, erroneous conclusion, that the tunneling is unsuppressed for all spins, is reached.
description: 4 pages, no figures,
Black holes as frozen stars
Creators: name: Brustein, Ram
name: Medved, A. J. M.
name: Simhon, Tamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently proposed a model for a regular black hole, or an ultra-compact object, that is premised on having maximally negative radial pressure throughout the entirety of the object's interior. This model can be viewed as that of a highly entropic configuration of fundamental, closed strings near the Hagedorn temperature, but from the perspective of an observer who is ignorant about the role of quantum physics in counteracting against gravitational collapse. The advantage of this classical perspective is that one can use Einstein's equations to define a classical geometry and investigate its stability. Here, we complete the model by studying an important aspect of this framework that has so far been overlooked: The geometry and composition of the outermost layer of the ultra-compact object, which interpolates between the bulk geometry of the object and the standard Schwarzschild vacuum solution in its exterior region. By imposing a well-defined set of matching conditions, we find a metric that describes this transitional layer and show that it satisfies all the basic requirements; including the stability of the object when subjected to small perturbations about the background solution. In fact, we are able to show that, at linearized order, all geometrical and matter fluctuations are perfectly frozen in the transitional layer, just as they are known to be in the bulk of the object's interior.
Automated Annotation of Scientific Texts for ML-based Keyphrase Extraction and Validation
Creators: name: Amusat, Oluwamayowa O.
name: Hegde, Harshad
name: Mungall, Christopher J.
name: Giannakou, Anna
name: Byers, Neil P.
name: Gunter, Dan
name: Fagnan, Kjiersten
name: Ramakrishnan, Lavanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Advanced omics technologies and facilities generate a wealth of valuable data daily; however, the data often lacks the essential metadata required for researchers to find and search them effectively. The lack of metadata poses a significant challenge in the utilization of these datasets. Machine learning-based metadata extraction techniques have emerged as a potentially viable approach to automatically annotating scientific datasets with the metadata necessary for enabling effective search. Text labeling, usually performed manually, plays a crucial role in validating machine-extracted metadata. However, manual labeling is time-consuming; thus, there is an need to develop automated text labeling techniques in order to accelerate the process of scientific innovation. This need is particularly urgent in fields such as environmental genomics and microbiome science, which have historically received less attention in terms of metadata curation and creation of gold-standard text mining datasets.
 In this paper, we present two novel automated text labeling approaches for the validation of ML-generated metadata for unlabeled texts, with specific applications in environmental genomics. Our techniques show the potential of two new ways to leverage existing information about the unlabeled texts and the scientific domain. The first technique exploits relationships between different types of data sources related to the same research study, such as publications and proposals. The second technique takes advantage of domain-specific controlled vocabularies or ontologies. In this paper, we detail applying these approaches for ML-generated metadata validation. Our results show that the proposed label assignment approaches can generate both generic and highly-specific text labels for the unlabeled texts, with up to 44% of the labels matching with those suggested by a ML keyword extraction algorithm.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, 10 tables
Role of pinning potentials in heat transport through disordered harmonic chain
Creators: name: Roy, Dibyendu
name: Dhar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of quadratic onsite pinning potentials on determining the size (N) dependence of the disorder averaged steady state heat current , in a isotopically disordered harmonic chain connected to stochastic heat baths, is investigated. For two models of heat baths, namely white noise baths and Rubin's model of baths, we find that the N dependence of is the same and depends on the number of pinning centers present in the chain. In the absence of pinning, ~ 1/N^{1/2} while in presence of one or two pins ~ 1/N^{3/2}. For a finite (n) number of pinning centers with 2 <= n << N, we provide heuristic arguments and numerical evidence to show that ~ 1/N^{n-1/2}. We discuss the relevance of our results in the context of recent experiments.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, quantum case is added in modified version
Constraint-based, Single-point Approximate Kinetic Energy Functionals
Creators: name: Karasiev, V. V.
name: Jones, R. S.
name: Trickey, S. B.
name: Harris, Frank E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a substantial extension of our constraint-based approach for development of orbital-free (OF) kinetic-energy (KE) density functionals intended for the calculation of quantum-mechanical forces in multi-scale molecular dynamics simulations. Suitability for realistic system simulations requires that the OF-KE functional yield accurate forces on the nuclei yet be relatively simple. We therefore require that the functionals be based on DFT constraints, local, dependent upon a small number of parameters fitted to a training set of limited size, and applicable beyond the scope of the training set. Our previous "modified conjoint" generalized-gradient-type functionals were constrained to producing a positive-definite Pauli potential. Though distinctly better than several published GGA-type functionals in that they gave semi-quantitative agreement with Born-Oppenheimer forces from full Kohn-Sham results, those modified conjoint functionals suffer from unphysical singularities at the nuclei. Here we show how to remove such singularities by introducing higher-order density derivatives. We give a simple illustration of such a functional used for the dissociation energy as a function of bond length for selected molecules.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Perspektivenwechsel
Creators: name: Stöger, Silvester
name: Wratschko, Karl
name: Dobringer, Anna
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2011

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Information-theoretic characterization of the complete genotype-phenotype map of a complex pre-biotic world
Creators: name: G, Nitash C
name: Adami, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: How information is encoded in bio-molecular sequences is difficult to quantify since such an analysis usually requires sampling an exponentially large genetic space. Here we show how information theory reveals both robust and compressed encodings in the largest complete genotype-phenotype map (over 5 trillion sequences) obtained to date.
description: 6 pages. Comment on "From genotypes to organisms: State-of-the-art and perspectives of a cornerstone in evolutionary dynamics" by Susanna Manrubia et al. in Physics of Life Reviews
Hyperuniformity in two-dimensional periodic and quasiperiodic point patterns
Creators: name: Koga, A.
name: Sakai, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study hyperuniform properties in various two-dimensional periodic and quasiperiodic point patterns. Using the histogram of the two-point distances, we develop an efficient method to calculate the hyperuniformity order metric, which quantifies the regularity of the hyperuniform point patterns. The results are compared with those calculated with the conventional running average method. To discuss how the lattice symmetry affects the order metric, we treat the trellis and Shastry-Sutherland lattices with the same point density as examples of periodic lattices, and Stampfli hexagonal and dodecagonal quasiperiodic tilings with the same point density as examples of quasiperiodic tilings. It is found that the order metric for the Shastry-Sutherland lattice (Stampfli dodecagonal tilings) is smaller than the other in the periodic (quasiperiodic) tiling, meaning that the order metric is deeply related to the lattice symmetry. Namely, the point pattern with higher symmetry is characterized by the smaller order metric when their point densities are identical. Order metrics for several other quasiperiodic tilings are also calculated.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
On the Throughput Allocation for Proportional Fairness in Multirate IEEE 802.11 DCF
Creators: name: Daneshgaran, F.
name: Laddomada, M.
name: Mesiti, F.
name: Mondin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a modified proportional fairness (PF) criterion suitable for mitigating the \textit{rate anomaly} problem of multirate IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs employing the mandatory Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) option. Compared to the widely adopted assumption of saturated network, the proposed criterion can be applied to general networks whereby the contending stations are characterized by specific packet arrival rates, $λ_s$, and transmission rates $R_d^{s}$. The throughput allocation resulting from the proposed algorithm is able to greatly increase the aggregate throughput of the DCF while ensuring fairness levels among the stations of the same order of the ones available with the classical PF criterion. Put simply, each station is allocated a throughput that depends on a suitable normalization of its packet rate, which, to some extent, measures the frequency by which the station tries to gain access to the channel. Simulation results are presented for some sample scenarios, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed criterion.
description: Submitted to IEEE CCNC 2009
Quest for optimal quantum resetting: protocols for a particle on a chain
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Pallabi
name: Aravinda, S.
name: Modak, Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the classical context, it is well known that, sometimes, if the search does not find its target, it is better to start the process anew again, known as resetting. The quantum counterpart of resetting also indicates speeding up the detection process by eliminating the dark states, i.e., situations where the particle avoids detection. In this work, we introduce the most probable position resetting(MPR) protocol in which, at a given resetting step, resets are done with certain probabilities to the set of possible peak positions (where the probability of finding the particle is maximum) that could occur because of the previous resets and followed by uninterrupted unitary evolution, irrespective of which path was taken by the particle in previous steps. In a tight-binding lattice model, there exists a 2-fold degeneracy (left and right) of the positions of maximum probability. The survival probability with optimal restart rate approaches zero (detection probability approaches one) when the particle is reset with equal probability on both sides path independently. This protocol significantly reduces the optimal mean first-detected-passage time (FDT) and performs better even if the detector is far apart compared to the usual resetting protocols where the particle is brought back to the initial position. We propose a modified protocol, an adaptive two-stage MPR, by making the associated probabilities of going to the right and left a function of steps. In this protocol, we see a further reduction of the optimal mean FDT and improvement in the search process when the detector is far apart.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures; Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Private is Public?!
Creators: name: Filk, Christian
name: Schauer, Hanno
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Die explorative Studie „Private is Public?!“ fokussiert sich auf das Mediennutzungsverhalten von 14- bis 18-jährigen Schülerinnen und Schülern mit Schwerpunkt soziale Medien. Das Forscherteam führte seine empirische Untersuchung am Mons-Tabor-Gymnasium im ländlich gelegenen Montabaur, Rheinland-Pfalz (Deutschland) durch. Gestützt auf Forschungshypothesen erhoben Christian Filk, Hanno Schauer und Amina Ovcina Cajacob mit Hilfe des Instruments der schriftlichen Befragung aktuelle Trends zu Frequenz und Intensität der Nutzung sozialer Medien, zur zweckbezogenen Nutzung sozialer Medien, zu Informationsverhaltensschemata in sozialen Medien sowie zu Erfahrungen mit Cyber-Mobbing. Die gewonnenen Daten werden mittels deskriptiv-statistischer Analysen ausgewertet. Schliesslich diskutieren Verfasser und Verfasserin den innovativen Einsatz privater sozialer Medien für den Unterricht in öffentlichen Schulen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Confining and chiral properties of QCD in extremely strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: D'Elia, Massimo
name: Maio, Lorenzo
name: Sanfilippo, Francesco
name: Stanzione, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate, by numerical lattice simulations, the static quark-antiquark potential, the flux tube properties and the chiral condensate for $N_f = 2+1$ QCD with physical quark masses in the presence of strong magnetic fields, going up to $eB = 9$ GeV$^2$, with continuum extrapolated results. The string tension for quark-antiquark separations longitudinal to the magnetic field is suppressed by one order of magnitude at the largest explored magnetic field with respect to its value at zero magnetic background, but is still non-vanishing; in the transverse direction, instead, the string tension is enhanced but seems to reach a saturation at around 50 % of its value at $B = 0$. The flux tube shows a consistent suppression/enhancement of the overall amplitude, with mild modifications of its profile. Finally, we observe magnetic catalysis in the whole range of explored fields with a behavior compatible with a lowest Landau level approximation, in particular with a linear dependence of the chiral condensate on $B$ which is in agreement, within errors, with that already observed for $eB \sim 1$ GeV$^2$.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables
Spatial correlations in sheared isothermal liquids : From elastic particles to granular particles
Creators: name: Otsuki, Michio
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial correlations for sheared isothermal elastic liquids and granular liquids are theoretically investigated. Using the generalized fluctuating hydrodynamics, correlation functions for both the microscopic scale and the macroscopic scale are obtained. The existence of the long-range correlation functions obeying power laws has been confirmed. The validity of our theoretical predictions have been verified from the molecular dynamics simulation.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures
Messung computer- und informationsbezogener Kompetenzen von Schülerinnen und Schülern als Schlüsselkompetenz im 21. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Eickelmann, Birgit
name: Bos, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2012

description: Mit der ICILS 2013 (International Computer and Information Literacy Study) realisiert die IEA (International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement) erstmalig eine internationale Vergleichsstudie, die empirisch abgesichert Schülerkompetenzen im Bereich der computer- und informationsbezogenen Kompetenzen (Computer and Information Literacy, kurz: CIL) erhebt. Mit dieser Studie werden informations- und computerbezogene Kompetenzen, die im 'deutschen' Sprachgebrauch auch oft unter dem affinen Begriff ICT-Literacy geführt werden, als Large-Scale-Assessments erfasst. Im folgenden Beitrag soll die Relevanz der Messung dieser Schlüsselkompetenz aufgezeigt werden. Alsdann werden das der Studie zugrundeliegende Messkonstrukt und seine definitorischen Bereiche beschrieben. Die hier vorgestellte Definition des CIL-Konstruktes bildet die Grundlage für die datengestützte Entwicklung von Kompetenzstufen, die aus der Hauptstudie von ICILS im Jahr 2013 hervorgehen werden.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Jump transformations and an embedding of ${\cal O}_{\infty}$ into ${\cal O}_{2}$
Creators: name: Kawamura, Katsunori
name: Lascu, Dan
name: Coltescu, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11K50; 37C40; 46K10

description: A measurable map $T$ on a measure space induces a representation $Π_{T}$ of a Cuntz algebra ${\cal O}_{N}$ when $T$ satisfies a certain condition. For such two maps $τ$ and $σ$ and representations $Π_τ$ and $Π_σ$ associated with them, we show that $Π_τ$ is the restriction of $Π_σ$ when $τ$ is a jump transformation of $σ$. Especially, the Gauss map $τ_1$ and the Farey map $σ_1$ induce representations $Π_{τ_1}$ of ${\cal O}_{\infty}$ and that $Π_{σ_1}$ of ${\cal O}_{2}$, respectively, and $Π_{τ_1}=Π_{σ_1}|_{{\cal O}_{\infty}}$ with respect to a certain embedding of ${\cal O}_{\infty}$ into ${\cal O}_{2}$.
description: 15 pages 6 figures
A Meta Logarithmic-Sobolev Inequality for Phase-Covariant Gaussian Channels
Creators: name: Beigi, Salman
name: Rahimi-Keshari, Saleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a meta logarithmic-Sobolev (log-Sobolev) inequality for the Lindbladian of all single-mode phase-covariant Gaussian channels of bosonic quantum systems, and prove that this inequality is saturated by thermal states. We show that our inequality provides a general framework to derive information theoretic results regarding phase-covariant Gaussian channels. Specifically, by using the optimality of thermal states, we explicitly compute the optimal constant $α_p$, for $1\leq p\leq 2$, of the $p$-log-Sobolev inequality associated to the quantum Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup. Prior to our work, the optimal constant was only determined for $p=1$. Our meta log-Sobolev inequality also enables us to provide an alternative proof for the constrained minimum output entropy conjecture in the single-mode case. Specifically, we show that for any single-mode phase-covariant Gaussian channel $Φ$, the minimum of the von Neumann entropy $S\big(Φ(ρ)\big)$ over all single-mode states $ρ$ with a given lower bound on $S(ρ)$, is achieved at a thermal state.
description: 38 pages
Bounds on Lorentz and CPT Violation from the Earth-Ionosphere Cavity
Creators: name: Mewes, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic resonant cavities form the basis of many tests of Lorentz invariance involving photons. The effects of some forms of Lorentz violation scale with cavity size. We investigate possible signals of violations in the naturally occurring resonances formed in the Earth-ionosphere cavity. Comparison with observed resonances places the first terrestrial constraints on coefficients associated with dimension-three Lorentz-violating operators at the level of 10^{-20} GeV.
description: 8 pages REVTex
Medien – Wissen – Bildung 2011: Kulturen und Ethiken des Teilens
Creators: name: Dander, Valentin
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2011

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Diverse Pretrained Context Encodings Improve Document Translation
Creators: name: Donato, Domenic
name: Yu, Lei
name: Dyer, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new architecture for adapting a sentence-level sequence-to-sequence transformer by incorporating multiple pretrained document context signals and assess the impact on translation performance of (1) different pretraining approaches for generating these signals, (2) the quantity of parallel data for which document context is available, and (3) conditioning on source, target, or source and target contexts. Experiments on the NIST Chinese-English, and IWSLT and WMT English-German tasks support four general conclusions: that using pretrained context representations markedly improves sample efficiency, that adequate parallel data resources are crucial for learning to use document context, that jointly conditioning on multiple context representations outperforms any single representation, and that source context is more valuable for translation performance than target side context. Our best multi-context model consistently outperforms the best existing context-aware transformers.
Vortex states in patterned exchange biased NiO/Ni samples
Creators: name: Asshoff, Pablo
name: Theis-Bröhl, Katharina
name: Petracic, Oleg
name: Zabel, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the magnetization reversal of arrays of exchange biased NiO/Ni squares with superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry and micromagnetic simulations. The edges of the squares were 0.5, 1.5, and 3.0 $μ$m long. The NiO/Ni structures exhibit vortexlike hysteresis loops and micromagnetic calculations show that this feature is due to several vortices nucleating in the islands. Furthermore, for the arrays with squares of 1.5 $μ$m edge length, the sign of the exchange bias field changes, as compared to the same continuous NiO/Ni layer. We attribute the vortex nucleation and the change of the exchange bias field to the interplay between shape and unidirectional anisotropy.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Costruzione di chimere molecolari dell'enzima Integrasi di HIV con attività idrolizzante delle LTR virali.
Generation of HIV Integrase molecular chimeras targeting viral LTRs as a substrate for hydrolisis.
Creators: name: Muthusamy, Regina <1973>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: BIO/19 Microbiologia

description: La Sindrome da Immunodeficienza Acquisita (AIDS o SIDA) causata da HIV-1 (Virus dell'Immunodeficienza umana) è caratterizzata dalla graduale compromissione del sistema immunitario del soggetto colpito. Le attuali terapie farmacologiche, purtroppo, non riescono a   eliminare l'infezione  a causa della comparsa di continui ceppi resistenti ai farmaci, e inoltre questi trattamenti non sono in grado di eliminare i reservoir virali latenti e permettere l'eradicazione definitiva del virus dall’organismo. 

E' in questo ambito che si colloca il progetto a cui ho lavorato principalmente in questi anni, cioè la creazione di una strategia per eradicare il provirus di HIV integrato nel genoma della cellula ospite.

L'Integrasi di HIV-1 è un enzima che media l'integrazione del cDNA virale nel genoma della cellula ospite. La nostra idea è stata, quindi, quella di associare all'attività di legame dell'IN stessa, un'attività catalitica. A tal fine abbiamo creato una proteina chimerica costituita da un dominio DNA-binding, dato dall'Integrasi, e da un dominio con attività nucleasica fornito dall'enzima FokI.
La chimera ottenuta è stata sottoposta a mutagenesi random mediante UV, ed è stata oggetto di selezione in vivo, al fine di ottenere una chimera capace di riconoscere, specificamente le LTR di HIV-1, e idrolizzare i siti di inserzione. 

Questo lavoro porterà a definire pertanto se l'IN di HIV può essere riprogrammata a catalizzare una nuova funzione mediante la sostituzione dell'attività del proprio dominio catalitico con quello di FokI.
description: The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is characterized by progressive impairment of the immune system and the onset of serious disease.
At the moment the AIDS is treated with drugs, in particular the advent of HAART, based on a drug combination therapy, can strongly suppress viral replication and prevent progression of AIDS. But this treatment does not eradicate the HIV reservoir from the host.
For this reason current efforts to improve therapy and prevention are oriented at developing a series of alternative approaches for vaccine development, improvement of HAART and eradication of the virus from the cell. 

The aim of our project is to develop a new strategy to eradicate the HIV provirus, for this purpose we created several chimeras between the Integrase of HIV-1 and the catalytic domain of the enzyme FokI that would recognize the LTR ends of the HIV genome and cleave them.   
Chimeras were subjected to random UV mutagenesis and in vivo selection to further improve their activity.
This work will define if the Integrase of HIV can be reprogrammed to catalyze a new function by replacing the activity of its catalytic domain with that of FokI.
Das Spiel: Muster und Metapher der Mediengesellschaft
Creators: name: Stingeder, Karl H.
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2011

description: Verlag: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften Erscheinungsdatum: (2. Auflage: 2010, Erstauflage: 27. Oktober 2009) ISBN: 3531164597
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Understanding matched filters for precision cosmology
Creators: name: Zubeldia, Íñigo
name: Rotti, Aditya
name: Chluba, Jens
name: Battye, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matched filters are routinely used in cosmology in order to detect galaxy clusters from mm observations through their thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) signature. In addition, they naturally provide an observable, the detection signal-to-noise or significance, which can be used as a mass proxy in number counts analyses of tSZ-selected cluster samples. In this work, we show that this observable is, in general, non-Gaussian, and that it suffers from a positive bias, which we refer to as optimisation bias. Both aspects arise from the fact that the signal-to-noise is constructed through an optimisation operation on noisy data, and hold even if the cluster signal is modelled perfectly well, no foregrounds are present, and the noise is Gaussian. After reviewing the general mathematical formalism underlying matched filters, we study the statistics of the signal-to-noise with a set Monte Carlo mock observations, finding it to be well-described by a unit-variance Gaussian for signal-to-noise values of 6 and above, and quantify the magnitude of the optimisation bias, for which we give an approximate expression that may be used in practice. We also consider the impact of the bias on the cluster number counts of Planck and the Simons Observatory (SO), finding it to be negligible for the former and potentially significant for the latter.
Co-doping effects on magnetism and superconductivity in the 112-type EuFeAs2 system
Creators: name: Yu, Jia
name: Liu, Tong
name: Ruan, BinBin
name: Zhao, Kang
name: Yang, QingSong
name: Zhou, MengHu
name: Ren, ZhiAn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of EuFeAs2, currently the only charge-neutral parent phase of the 112-type iron-pnictide system, provides a new platform for the study of elemental doping effects on magnetism and superconductivity (SC). In this study, a series of polycrystalline EuFe1-yCoyAs2 and Eu0.9Pr0.1Fe1-yCoyAs2 samples are synthesized through solid-state reaction, and the evolutions of SC and magnetism with Co doping in EuFeAs2 and Eu0.9Pr0.1FeAs2 are investigated by electrical transport and magnetic susceptibility measurements. For EuFe1-yCoyAs2, the Eu-related antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition around 40 K is barely affected by Co doping, while the Fe-related spin density wave (SDW) transition temperature drops rapidly. Meanwhile, SC is induced by a trace amount of Co doping, with a highest transition temperature Tc ~ 28 K found in EuFe0.9Co0.1As2. For the Eu0.9Pr0.1Fe1-yCoyAs2 series, the magnetism and superconductivity show similar evolutions upon Co doping, and the highest Tc is enhanced to 30.6 K with an optimum doping level y ~ 0.07. Our results shed light on the competition between SC and SDW with Co doping in the 112-type EuFeAs2 system.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Fluid statics of a self-gravitating isothermal sphere of van der Waals' gas
Creators: name: Giordano, Domenico
name: Amodio, Pierluigi
name: Iavernaro, Felice
name: Mazzia, Francesca
name: Ván, Péter
name: Szücs, Mátyás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We subject to scrutiny the physical consistency of adopting the perfect-gas thermodynamic model within self-gravitation circumstances by studying the fluid statics of a self-gravitating isothermal sphere with the van der Waals' thermodynamic model, whose equation of state features well-known terms that account for molecular attraction and size. The governing equations are formulated for any thermodynamic model with two intensive degrees of freedom, applied with the van der Waals' model and solved numerically in nondimensional form by finite-difference algorithms. After a brief summary of thermodynamic characteristics possessed by the van der Waals' model, and relevant to the present study, we proceed to the description of the results in terms of comparative graphs illustrating radial profiles of density, pressure and gravitational field. We complement them with graphs that compare the dependence of central and wall densities on gravitational number for both perfect-gas and van der Waals' models and that attest dramatically and unequivocally how the presence of molecular-attraction and -size terms removes questionable fluid-statics results systematically found accompanying the perfect-gas model in standard treatments. We also describe, within a very brief and preliminary digression, how the sanitising action of the mentioned terms affects the thermodynamics of the isothermal sphere by providing evidence of how the gravitational correction to entropy corresponding to the van der Waals' model makes sure that there is no risk of gravothermal catastrophes, negative specific heats, and thermal instabilities. Furthermore, we investigate the phenomenology related to self-gravitationally induced both liquid-gas phase equilibria and metastable-gas states and we describe how they arise naturally and self-consistently from the governing equations. We conclude with a summary of the main results ...
description: Minor revision with correcte typos. 27 pages, 29 figures, 5 tables, 64 bibliographic references
Coexistence of ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and superconductivity in magnetically anisotropic (Eu,La)FeAs2
Creators: name: Yu, Jia
name: Le, Congcong
name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Li, Lisi
name: Liu, Tong
name: Liu, Zengjia
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Shen, Bing
name: Ruan, Binbin
name: Ren, ZhiAn
name: Wang, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials with exceptional magnetism and superconductivity usually conceive emergent physical phenomena. Here, we investigate the physical properties of the (Eu,La)FeAs2 system with double magnetic sublattices. The parent EuFeAs2 shows anisotropy-associated magnetic behaviors, such as Eu-related moment canting and exchange bias. Through La doping, the magnetic anisotropy is enhanced with ferromagnetism of Eu2+ realized in the overdoped region, and a special exchange bias of the superposed ferromagnetic/superconducting loop revealed in Eu0.8La0.2FeAs2. Meanwhile, the Fe-related antiferromagnetism shows unusual robustness against La doping. Theoretical calculation and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy investigation reveal a doping-tunable dual itinerant/localized nature of the Fe-related antiferromagnetism. Coexistence of the Eu-related ferromagnetism, Fe-related robust antiferromagnetism, and superconductivity is further revealed in Eu0.8La0.2FeAs2, providing a platform for further exploration of potential applications and emergent physics. Finally, an electronic phase diagram is established for (Eu,La)FeAs2 with the whole superconducting dome adjacent to the Fe-related antiferromagnetic phase, which is of benefit for seeking underlying clues to high-temperature superconductivity.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures for the main text
Basics of Quantum Mechanics, Geometrization and some Applications to Quantum Information
Creators: name: Clemente-Gallardo, J.
name: Marmo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a survey of the use of differential geometric formalisms to describe Quantum Mechanics. We analyze Schrödinger framework from this perspective and provide a description of the Weyl-Wigner construction. Finally, after reviewing the basics of the geometric formulation of quantum mechanics, we apply the methods presented to the most interesting cases of finite dimensional Hilbert spaces: those of two, three and four level systems (one qubit, one qutrit and two qubit systems). As a more practical application, we discuss the advantages that the geometric formulation of quantum mechanics can provide us with in the study of situations as the functional independence of entanglement witnesses.
description: AmsLaTeX, 37 pages, 8 figures. This paper is an expanded version of some lectures delivered by one of us (G. M.) at the ``Advanced Winter School on the Mathematical Foundation of Quantum Control and Quantum Information'' which took place at Castro Urdiales (Spain), February 11-15, 2008
Evolutionary Equations are $G$-compact
Creators: name: Burazin, Krešimir
name: Erceg, Marko
name: Waurick, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 35B27 Secondary 78M40, 80M40, 47D06

description: We prove a compactness result related to $G$-convergence for autonomous evolutionary equations in the sense of Picard. Compared to previous work related to applications, we do not require any boundedness or regularity of the underlying spatial domain; nor do we assume any periodicity or ergodicity assumption on the potentially oscillatory part. In terms of abstract evolutionary equations, we remove any compactness assumptions of the resolvent modulo kernel of the spatial operator. To achieve the results, we introduced a slightly more general class of material laws. As a by-product, we also provide a criterion for $G$-convergence for time-dependent equations solely in terms of static equations.
description: 20 pages; minor changes to the previous version
Source Code
Creators: name: Ballhausen, Thomas
name: Leitenmüller, Lisa
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2011

description: „They say ev’rything can be replaced Yet ev’ry distance is not near “ Bob Dylan
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Förderung von Werbekompetenz bei Kindern: Eine Bestandsaufnahme medienpädagogischer Materialien
Creators: name: Meister, Dorothee
name: Friedrichs-Liesenkötter, Henrike
name: Sander, Uwe
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2011

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag knüpft an die aktuelle Debatte an, dass im Zuge medientechnischer Innovationen sowie der veränderten Mediennutzung von Kindern das Thema Werbung und damit einhergehend die Frage nach zeitgemäßen Fördermaßnahmen von Werbekompetenz stärker an Bedeutung gewinnen. Die Bestandsaufnahme von insgesamt 19 Projekten zeigt, dass die bestehenden Konzepte zur Förderung der Werbekompetenz von Kindern optimiert werden sollten. Insbesondere hinsichtlich der Berücksichtigung neuer Werbeformen wie Online - , Computerspiel - oder Handywerbung gibt es Handlungsbedarf, die Werbekompetenz von Kindern durch medienpädagogische Projekte zu schulen. Dabei scheint eine Kombination aus (1) Präsenzveranstaltungen, (2) medienpädagogischen Materialkoffern, mit denen in pädagogischen Einrichtungen gearbeitet werden kann, und (3) interaktiven Onlineangeboten zielführend.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 49 Nr. 4 (2011): 4/2011 - Bildbewegungen/Räume des Filmischen
Reinforced communication and social navigation generate groups in model networks
Creators: name: Rosvall, M.
name: Sneppen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the role of information flow in group formation, we introduce a model of communication and social navigation. We let agents gather information in an idealized network society, and demonstrate that heterogeneous groups can evolve without presuming that individuals have different interests. In our scenario, individuals' access to global information is constrained by local communication with the nearest neighbors on a dynamic network. The result is reinforced interests among like-minded agents in modular networks; the flow of information works as a glue that keeps individuals together. The model explains group formation in terms of limited information access and highlights global broadcasting of information as a way to counterbalance this fragmentation. To illustrate how the information constraints imposed by the communication structure affects future development of real-world systems, we extrapolate dynamics from the topology of four social networks.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Deformed Kac-Moody Algebra and Noncommutative Fermi Theory in Two-Dimensions
Creators: name: AlMasri, M. W.
name: Wahiddin, M. R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from noncommutative Fermi theory in two-dimensions, we construct a deformed Kac-Moody algebra between its vector and Chiral currents . The higher-order corrections to the deformed Kac-Moody algebra are explicitly calculated. We observe that the ordinary Schwinger terms are not affected by noncommutativity. Finally we conclude that the deformed Kac-Moody algebra can be given in term of ordinary Kac-Moody algebra plus infinitely many Lie algebraic structures at each non-zero power of the antisymmetric coefficient $θ$.
description: 13 pages
ДЕФЕКТЫ ШВОВ И СТРОЧЕК В ШВЕЙНЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЯХ
Creators: name: Исматуллаева, Холида
name: Бузрукова, Мисхол
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Основной причиной снижения качества швейного изделия являются дефекты. Они могут проявиться на любой стадии технологического процесса — от проектирования модели изделия до его эксплуатации. К одним из них относятся дефекты швов и строчек, которые влияют  на качество  вырабатываемых изделий.