Calcyopa hainana Liu, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Bo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Calcyopa
Calcyopa hainana

description: Calcyopa hainana sp. nov.
Figs 8–13, 18, 19, 21
Type material.
Holotype: China – Hainan Province • ♂; Lingshui, Diaoluoshan; 922 m; 16–19 Apr. 2024; Bo Liu & Wei Yan leg.; CRICATAS / IZCAS.
Paratypes: (12 ♂♂, 21 ♀♀) China – Hainan Province • 1 ♂; Wuzhishan; 1333 m; V. Siniaev leg.; 10 Jan. 2008; ZSM • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as holotype; 20 Apr. 2023; Bo Liu leg.; gen. prep. nos. CRICATAS 00101, CRICATAS 00103; CRICATAS / IZCAS • 4 ♀♀; same locality and collectors as holotype; 05–07 Mar. 2024; CRICATAS / IZCAS • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same locality as holotype; 01–03 Apr. 2024; Bo Liu, Wei Lin & Miaofeng Xu leg.; CRICATAS / IZCAS • 4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; same data as holotype; CRICATAS / IZCAS • 4 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; same locality and collectors as holotype; 07–12 May 2024; CRICATAS / IZCAS / ZFMK.
Diagnosis.
This species closely resembles C. difoveata and, though much less, also C. fansipana, but can be distinguished by several morphological characters: The postmedial line of the forewing between veins M 1 and M 3 exhibits a more pronounced outward curve than in C. difoveata, similar to that in C. fansipana. Moreover, the light-brown ground color of the upperside and the absence of broad, dark marginal bands on the underside of the latter are also diagnostic. The free costal arm of the valva is longer and narrower in C. hainana than in the other two congeners and the saccular process lacks spines. The triangular apex of the aedeagus is more pointed and elongated compared to C. difoveata and C. fansipana. Additionally, the cornuti in C. hainana are composed of a group of long juxtaposed spines, while in C. difoveata they consist of shorter spines, and in C. fansipana they form a dense cluster of minute spines covering a round diverticulum of the vesica. A row of rather large spines and a big single tooth present apically on the shaft of aedeagus of C. difoveata are replaced by a large number of smaller denticles in C. hainana.
Description.
Forewing length 11.1–11.9 mm in males, 11.7–14.3 mm in females. Ground color brownish-green in fresh specimens, but gradually fading to brown over time, with numerous scattered dark scales and distinct dark antemedial and postmedial lines on both wings. Head. Male antennae fasciculate, with two pairs of shortly conical, sclerotized, ciliate projections latero-ventrally on each segment. Female antennae with cilia much shorter, and sclerotized projections absent. The longest cilia are about 3 times the diameter of the flagellum segments in males and about 0.5 times the diameter of the flagellum segments in females. Vertex covered with lamellar, pale brown scales. Frons smooth-scaled, not protruding. Labial palpi slightly extending beyond frons, basally with long, dark scales, third segment small. Proboscis rather short. Chaetosemata present, near eye margin. Thorax. Patagia and tegulae densely covered with somewhat longer lamellar scales, distal end of tegulae with a few long hair-scales. Wings brownish, scattered with numerous dark scales. Forewings moderately elongate, apex angled, termen smoothly curved, with a double fovea in males. Antemedial line fine, visible. Discal spot small, streak-like. Postmedial line outcurved between veins M 1 and M 3, at CuA 2, and at 1 A + 2 A. Outside postmedial line between M 2 and CuA 1 with a round black patch anteriorly and a square pale patch posteriorly. Subterminal line zigzag, white, with a dark inner edge. Terminal line black, with a series of dark spots between the veins. Hindwings with apex rounded, termen minutely concave between vein-ends. Basal area densely covered with numerous black scales. Antemedial line broad, outcurved at lower cell vein and inner margin. Discal spot small, streak-like. Postmedial line outcurved between veins M 1 and M 3, and at inner margin. Subterminal zigzag, white, with a dark edge inside. Terminal line black, with dark spots between the veins. Underside blurry and paler, with a broad, dark band outside postmedial line on both wings. Antemedial line faint on forewing, but clearly visible on hindwing. Postmedial line barely outcurved on both wings. Legs slender, index of spurs 0-2 - 4, hind tibia not dilated, without scent brush in males. Pregenital abdomen. Tympanal organs, sterno-tympanal process, setal comb, and abdominal coremata as mentioned in the generic description. Abdomen laterally with several pairs of scale brushes on segments 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Male genitalia. Uncus deeply divided, triangular, apical part straight, slightly curved ventrad. Gnathos with broad, flattened lateral arms, central part strong, thorn-shaped, elongate, slightly curved. Valvae acutely triangular. Basal costal arm free, standing obliquely upright towards the upper valva margin, apically dilated, with long bristles. Saccular process stick-like, without spines. Juxta small, basally a rounded plate, extended into a narrow arm distally, slightly cup-shaped and laterally bifurcate at apex. Aedeagus short and stout, apically with a long, acutely triangular, sclerotized process; shaft distally with a group of small serrate projections; vesica with a small row of long-spined cornuti. Bulbus ejaculatorius long, about four times as long as the aedeagus shaft.
Female genitalia. Ovipositor short, papillae anales scarcely setose. Anterior apophyses short, about ½ length of posterior apophyses. Ventral longitudinal sclerotization needle-like, basally dilated, slightly triangular. Lamella postvaginalis small, round or oval, bottom concave at center. Introitus bursae small, sclerotized, significantly narrower than the posterior part of bursa, setting into a small sternite pocket. Posterior part of bursa slightly longer than anterior part, posterior one-third sclerotized, scobinate inside. Anterior part of bursa swollen, triangular, noticeably broader than posterior part, consisting of 7 to 8 chains of small serrate projections on both opposed inner sides.
Etymology.
The specific name of “ hainana ” is derived from the type locality, Hainan Island, China.
Distribution.
China (Hainan).
Genetic data.
The Barcode Index Number for Calcyopa hainana is BOLD: AAH 2362 (N = 2, Sample IDs: CRICATAS 00101, BC ZSM Lep 16053). The genetic distance of C. hainana from C. difoveata (N = 3, Sample IDs: CRICATAS 00104, BC ZSM Lep 16015, BC ZSM Lep 15995) ranges from 5.32 % to 5.62 % (p-distance).
description: Published as part of Liu, Bo, 2025, Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Calcyopa Stüning, 2000 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae, Boarmiini), with description of a new species, pp. 125-138 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 125-138, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.142955