cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optical $N$-invariant of graphene's viscous Hall fluid
Creators: name: Van Mechelen, Todd
name: Jacob, Zubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past three decades, graphene has become the prototypical platform for discovering unique phases of topological matter. Both the Chern insulator $C\in\mathbb{Z}$ and the quantum spin Hall insulator $ν\in\mathbb{Z}_2$ were first predicted in graphene, which led to a veritable explosion of research in topological materials. Here, we introduce a new topological classification of two-dimensional matter -- the optical $N$-phases $N\in\mathbb{Z}$. The $C$ and $ν$ phases are related to charge and spin transport respectively, whereas the $N$-phases are connected to polarization transport. In all three cases, transportation of charge/spin/polarization quanta is forbidden in the bulk but permitted on the edge. One fundamental difference is that the $N$-invariant is defined for dynamical electromagnetic waves over all Matsubara frequencies and wavevectors. We show this topological quantum number is captured solely by the spatiotemporal dispersion of the susceptibility tensor $χ(ω,\mathbf{q})$. We also prove $N\neq 0$ is nontrivial in graphene's viscous Hall fluid with the underlying physical mechanism being Hall viscosity $η_H$. In the nontrivial phase, we discover a deep sub-wavelength phenomenon reminiscent of the Meissner effect: at a particularly large photon momentum $q=D_H^{-1}$ defined by the Hall diffusion length $D_H$, the magnetic field is completely expelled from the viscous Hall fluid. We propose a new probe of topological matter, evanescent magneto-optic Kerr effect (e-MOKE) spectroscopy, to unravel this novel optical $N$-invariant and verify the magnetic field expulsion. Our work indicates that graphene with Hall viscosity is the first candidate material for a topological electromagnetic phase of matter.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Additional file 3 of An accessible, efficient and global approach for the large-scale sequencing of bacterial genomes
Creators: name: Perez-Sepulveda, Blanca M.
name: Heavens, Darren
name: Pulford, Caisey V.
name: Predeus, Alexander V.
name: Low, Ross
name: Webster, Hermione
name: Dykes, Gregory F.
name: Schudoma, Christian
name: Rowe, Will
name: Lipscombe, James
name: Watkins, Chris
name: Kumwenda, Benjamin
name: Shearer, Neil
name: Costigan, Karl
name: Baker, Kate S.
name: Feasey, Nicholas A.
name: Hinton, Jay C. D.
name: Hall, Neil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Review history.
Prospects of Non-Riemannian Cosmology
Creators: name: Puetzfeld, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we provide the motivation for considering non-Riemannian models in cosmology. Non-Riemannian extensions of general relativity theory have been studied for a long time. In such theories the spacetime continuum is no longer described by the metric alone but endowed with additional geometric quantities. These new quantities can be coupled to the intrinsic properties of matter in a very natural way and therefore provide a richer gravitational theory, which might be necessary in view of the recent cosmological evidence for dark matter and dark energy. In this work we mainly focus on the concepts in metric-affine gravity and point out their possible significance in the process of cosmological model building.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 22nd Texas Symposium on Rel. Astrophysics, Stanford University, December 2004
CAMIL: Context-Aware Multiple Instance Learning for Cancer Detection and Subtyping in Whole Slide Images
Creators: name: Fourkioti, Olga
name: De Vries, Matt
name: Jin, Chen
name: Alexander, Daniel C.
name: Bakal, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The visual examination of tissue biopsy sections is fundamental for cancer diagnosis, with pathologists analyzing sections at multiple magnifications to discern tumor cells and their subtypes. However, existing attention-based multiple instance learning (MIL) models used for analyzing Whole Slide Images (WSIs) in cancer diagnostics often overlook the contextual information of tumor and neighboring tiles, leading to misclassifications. To address this, we propose the Context-Aware Multiple Instance Learning (CAMIL) architecture. CAMIL incorporates neighbor-constrained attention to consider dependencies among tiles within a WSI and integrates contextual constraints as prior knowledge into the MIL model. We evaluated CAMIL on subtyping non-small cell lung cancer (TCGA-NSCLC) and detecting lymph node (CAMELYON16 and CAMELYON17) metastasis, achieving test AUCs of 97.5\%, 95.9\%, and 88.1\%, respectively, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, CAMIL enhances model interpretability by identifying regions of high diagnostic value.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5 of A novel function of FAF1, which induces dopaminergic neuronal death through cell-to-cell transmission
Creators: name: Gyeongrin Park
name: Bok-Seok Kim
name: Eunhee Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4 Figure S3. PD stressors are positive regulators of FAF1 secretion. Cells were transfected with VC or 3xFlag-FAF1 plus α-syn plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, the culture medium was replaced with serum-free medium containing DMSO (vehicle), MPP+ (1 mM), H2O2 (100 μM), or Baf A1 (50 nM), and the cells were cultured for 24 h. Cell death was determined by measuring PI uptake using a flow cytometer (n = 3).
Factors Affecting Consumer Choice and Willingness to Pay for Milk Attributes
Creators: name: Bernard, Daria J.
name: Mathios, Alan D.
name: Bernard, Daria J.
name: Mathios, Alan D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This study used weekly scanner data to determine within the milk market the factors that affect consumer choice of non-rBST and organic products and the implications for the development of niche markets. This was accomplished by first understanding what product attributes affected demand for milk and then determining how much consumers were willing to pay for these attributes. The former was done within the multinomial logit framework while the latter used the hedonic price model to infer WTP. Results showed the price effect for rBST-free was the largest while the price effect for organic was the smallest and that consumers were willing to pay more for both rBST-free and organic milk compared to conventionally produced milk.
INTEGRAL survey of the Cassiopeia region in hard X rays
Creators: name: Hartog, P. R. den
name: Hermsen, W.
name: Kuiper, L.
name: Vink, J.
name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Collmar, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of a deep 1.6 Ms INTEGRAL observation of the Cassiopeia region performed from December 2003 to February 2004. Eleven sources were detected with the imager IBIS-ISGRI at energies above 20 keV, including three new hard X-ray sources. Most remarkable is the discovery of hard X-ray emission from the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61, which shows emission up to \~150 keV with a very hard power-law spectrum with photon index Gamma = 0.73 +/- 0.17. We derived flux upper limits for energies between 0.75 MeV and 30 MeV using archival data from the Compton telescope COMPTEL. In order to reconcile the very hard spectrum of 4U 0142+61 measured by INTEGRAL with the COMPTEL upper limits, the spectrum has to bend or break between ~75 keV and ~750 keV. 1E 2259+586, another anomalous X-ray pulsar in this region, was not detected. INTEGRAL and COMPTEL upper limits are provided. The new INTEGRAL sources are IGR J00370+6122 and IGR J00234+6144. IGR J00370+6122 is a new supergiant X-ray binary with an orbital period of 15.665 +/- 0.006 days, derived from RXTE All-Sky Monitor data. Archival BeppoSAX Wide-Field Camera data yielded four more detections. IGR J00234+6144 still requires a proper identification. Other sources for which INTEGRAL results are presented are high-mass X-ray binaries 2S 0114+650, Gamma~Cas, RX J0146.9+6121 and 4U 2206+54, intermediate polar V709 Cas and 1ES 0033+595, an AGN of the BL-Lac type. For each of these sources the hard X-ray spectra are fitted with different models and compared with earlier published results.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Lyman Continuum Escape Fraction from Low-mass Starbursts at z=1.3
Creators: name: Alavi, Anahita
name: Colbert, James
name: Teplitz, Harry I.
name: Siana, Brian
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Rutkowski, Michael
name: Mehta, Vihang
name: Henry, Alaina
name: Dai, Y. Sophia
name: Haardt, Francesco
name: Bagley, Micaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new constraint on the Lyman Continuum (LyC) escape fraction at z~1.3. We obtain deep, high sensitivity far-UV imaging with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Solar Blind Channel (SBC) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), targeting 11 star-forming galaxies at 1.2 190 Å, low stellar mass (M* < 10^10 M_sun) and U-band magnitude of U<24.2. These criteria identify young, low metallicity star bursting populations similar to the primordial star-forming galaxies believed to have reionized the universe. We do not detect any LyC signal (with S/N >3) in the individual galaxies or in the stack in the far-UV images. We place $3σ$ limits on the relative escape fraction of individual galaxies to be f_{esc,rel}
description: 16 pages, 10 Figures, 2 Tables
Double-layer Kagome Metals Pt3Tl2 and Pt3In2
Creators: name: McGuire, Michael A.
name: Clements, Eleanor M.
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Okamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connectivity and inherent frustration of the kagome lattice can produce interesting electronic structures and behaviors in compounds containing this structural motif. Here we report the properties of Pt3X2 (X = In and Tl) that adopt a double-layer kagome net structure related to that of the topologically nontrivial high temperature ferromagnet Fe3Sn2 and the density wave hosting compound V3Sb2. We examined the structural and physical properties of single crystal Pt3Tl2 and polycrystalline Pt3In2 using x-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and electrical transport measurements, along with density functional theory calculations of the electronic structure. Our calculations show that Fermi levels lie in pseudogaps in the densities of states with several bands contributing to transport, and this is consistent with our Hall effect, magnetic susceptibility, and heat capacity measurements. While electronic dispersions characteristic of simple kagome nets with nearest-neighbor hopping are not clearly seen, likely due to the extended nature of the Pt 5d states, we do observe moderately large and non-saturating magnetoresistance values and quantum oscillations in the magnetoresistance and magnetization associated with the kagome nets of Pt.
Spin polarization of edge states and magnetosubband structure in quantum wires
Creators: name: Ihnatsenka, S.
name: Zozoulenko, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a quantitative description of the structure of edge states in split-gate quantum wires in the integer quantum Hall regime. We develop an effective numerical approach based on the Green's function technique for the self-consistent solution of Schrodinger equation where electron- and spin interactions are included within the density functional theory in the local spin density approximation. The major advantage of this technique is that it can be directly incorporated into magnetotransport calculations, because it provides the self-consistent eigenstates and wave vectors at a given energy, not at a given wavevector (as conventional methods do). We use the developed method to calculate the subband structure and propagating states in the quantum wires in perpendicular magnetic field starting with a geometrical layout of the wire. We discuss how the spin-resolved subband structure, the current densities, the confining potentials, as well as the spin polarization of the electron and current densities evolve when an applied magnetic field varies. We demonstrate that the exchange and correlation interactions dramatically affect the magnetosubbands in quantum wires bringing qualitatively new features in comparison to a widely used model of spinless electrons in Hartree approximation.
description: 15 pages and 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Sources for Metals in the Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Qian, Y. -Z.
name: Wasserburg, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a discussion of possible sources of C, O, and Si in the IGM using the yields of VMSs and SNe II. The chemical evolution of the IGM is considered based on analytical phenomenological models of hierarchical structure formation. Two regimes are considered: one for gas expulsion by VMSs and SNe II in low-mass halos prior to dissociation of H2 molecules and reionization, and the other for later SN II-driven outflows from intermediate-mass halos. We use recent data on the abundances of C, O, and Si in the IGM inferred from two UVB models. We show that the results from a UVB model including quasars only cannot be explained by existing stellar models. To account for the results, in particular [Si/C], from a softer UVB model requires VMSs to provide more than 15% of the C in the IGM. The preferred scenario is that VMSs in low-mass halos provided between 15% and 60% of the C in the regime of very high redshift (z>15) and that galactic outflows provided the remainder during later epochs (4
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, to appear in ApJ
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Topological Semimetal Candidate NdSbTe
Creators: name: Pandey, Krishna
name: Basnet, Rabindra
name: Wegner, Aaron
name: Acharya, Gokul
name: Nabi, Md Rafique Un
name: Liu, Jiangwei
name: Wang, Jian
name: Takahashi, Yukiko
name: Da, Bo
name: Hu, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ZrSiS-type materials represent a large material family with unusual coexistence of topological nonsymmorphic Dirac fermions and nodal-line fermions. As a special group of ZrSiS-family, LnSbTe (Ln = Lanthanide rare earth) compounds provide a unique opportunity to explore new quantum phases due to the intrinsic magnetism induced by Ln. Here we report the single crystal growth and characterization of NdSbTe, a previously unexplored LnSbTe compound. NdSbTe has an antiferromagnetic ground state with field-driven metamagnetic transitions similar to other known LnSbTe, but exhibits distinct enhanced electronic correlations characterized by large a Sommerfeld coefficient of 115 mJ/mol $K^2$, which is the highest among the known LnSbTe compounds. Furthermore, our transport studies have revealed the coupling with magnetism and signatures of Kondo localization. All these findings establish NdSbTe as a new platform for observing novel phenomena arising from the interplay between magnetism, topology, and electron correlations.
CUMULATIVE PROSPECT THEORY: A STUDY OF THE FARMERS' DECISION BEHAVIOR IN THE ALENTEJO DRYLAND REGION OF PORTUGAL
Creators: name: Serrao, Amilcar
name: Coelho, Luis
name: Serrao, Amilcar
name: Coelho, Luis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The mid-term review of the Common Agricultural Policy will change the way the European Union supports its farm sector. The new Common Agricultural Policy will be geared towards consumers, and taxpayers, while giving farmers the freedom to produce what the market wants. In the future, the majority of the subsidies will be paid independentlty from the volume of production. To avoid abandonment of production, Member States may choose to maintain a limited link between subsidy and production under well conditions and within clear limits. These new "single farm payment" will be linked to the respect of environmental, food safety and animal welfare standards. Severing the link between subsidies and production will make farmers more competitive and market oriented, while providing the necessary income stability. As the subsidy becomes a common component of all the alternatives of decision, the farmer will segregate that common component of the problem in the edition phase, starting to make decisions with base in negative results, what can determine the abandonment of the farming activity. This research work intends to know, to characterize and to identify the farmers' behavior in the Alentejo dryland region of Portugal, when they face to the emerging reality of the new Common Agricultural Policy. The Cumulative Prospect Theory allows to model the farmers' behavior, because besides defining that the results are appraised in agreement with variations in relation to the initial wealth, this theory treats in a differentiated way gains and losses. The value functions and the weighting probabilities are elicited by the Trade-off and Certainty Equivalent methods for a group of farmers in the Alentejo dryland region. These functions will constitute the objective function of a discrete sequential stochastic programming model, whose restrictions describe the crop and livestock farms in their productive, financial, commercial and taxes components. Model results show that the introduction of the total decoupling payments leads to the abandonment of the crop production in the Alentejo dryland region and an increase of the livestock production in the natural pastures. The crop farms stop producing, except the farms that have good soils continue to produce, although these farms do not produce durum wheat and they start to produce barley and oats. With respect to the beef cattle farms, these farms maintain the number of cattle heads, they increase the pasture and forage areas and they substitute durum wheat for oats and barley. The sheep farms reduce the number of cattle heads drastically and they substitute durum wheat for barley and oats.
Basis-independent methods for the two-Higgs-doublet model
Creators: name: Davidson, Sacha
name: Haber, Howard E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the most general two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM), unitary transformations between the two Higgs fields do not change the functional form of the Lagrangian. All physical observables of the model must therefore be independent of such transformations (i.e., independent of the Lagrangian basis choice for the Higgs fields). We exhibit a set of basis-independent quantities that determine all tree-level Higgs couplings and masses. Some examples of the basis-independent treatment of 2HDM discrete symmetries are presented. We also note that the ratio of the neutral Higgs field vacuum expectation values, tan(beta), is not a meaningful parameter in general, as it is basis-dependent. Implications for the more specialized 2HDMs (e.g., the Higgs sector of the MSSM and the so-called Type-I and Type-II 2HDMs) are explored.
description: 46 pages and 3 figures; typographical errors corrected
Additional file 3 of A novel function of FAF1, which induces dopaminergic neuronal death through cell-to-cell transmission
Creators: name: Gyeongrin Park
name: Bok-Seok Kim
name: Eunhee Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2 Figure S1. FAF1 secretion is not an artificial effect. a Cells were transfected with VC or 3xFlag-FAF1 plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, cell death was determined by measuring propidium iodide uptake using a flow cytometer (n = 3). b Cells were transfected with VC or 3xFlag-FAF1 plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, the culture medium was replaced with serum-free medium, and the cells were cultured for 24 h. CL and concentrated CM were analyzed by western blotting with the indicated antibodies. c Cells were transfected with VC or HA-FAF1 plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, the culture medium was replaced with serum-free medium, and the cells were cultured for 24 h. CL and concentrated CM were analyzed by western blotting with the indicated antibodies. d Cells were transfected with 3xFlag-FAF1 plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, the culture medium was replaced with serum-free medium containing BFA (2 μg/ml) for 24 h. Subsequently, the recipient cells were stained using DAPI, GM130, and DCF-DA as indicated and analyzed by confocal microscopy. Statistical comparisons were performed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc analysis. ***P
IMPACT OF DECISION MAKERS DIVERGENCE IN RISK ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS ON CO-OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT IN CANADA
Creators: name: Hailu, Getu
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Hailu, Getu
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness
Risk and Uncertainty

description: In this paper, the results of a survey investigating whether risk attitudes and perceptions differ between managers and boards of directors of co-operative agribusiness firms presented. Using the framework of Fishbein's attitude-behavior model the factors underlying these differences are identified. Implications for future strategies of co-operative agribusinesses management are addressed.
Additional file 2 of Detecting prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer by regularized Cox proportional hazards models
Creators: name: Li, Lingyu
name: Liu, Zhi-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. There 51 genes have been confirmed in literature that they are indeed related to the occurrence and prognosis of breast cancer, and the remaining 21 genes have not been confirmed.
Bell Non-Locality in Many Body Quantum Systems with Exponential Decay of Correlations
Creators: name: Vieira, Carlos H. S.
name: Duarte, Cristhiano
name: Drumond, Raphael C.
name: Cunha, Marcelo Terra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Bell-inequalities as a tool to explore non-classical physical behaviours, in this paper we analyze what one can expect to find in many-body quantum physics. Concretely, framing the usual correlation scenarios as a concrete spin-lattice, we want to know whether or not it is possible to violate a Bell-inequality restricted to this scenario. Using clustering theorems, we are able to show that a large family of quantum many-body systems behave almost locally, violating Bell-inequalities (if so) only by a non-significant amount. We also provide examples, explain some of our assumptions via counter-examples and present all the proofs for our theorems. We hope the paper is self-contained.
description: 12 pages. 3 figures. Comments are welcome!
FOOD AID TARGETING, SHOCKS AND PRIVATE TRANSFERS AMONG EAST AFRICAN PASTORALISTS
Creators: name: Lentz, Erin C.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Lentz, Erin C.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Public transfers of food aid are intended largely to support vulnerable populations in times of stress. We use high frequency panel data among Ethiopian and Kenyan pastoralists to test the efficacy of food aid targeting under three different targeting modalities, food aid's responsiveness to different types of shocks, and its relationship to private transfers. We find that self-targeting food-for-work or indicator-targeted free food distribution more effectively reach the poor than does food aid distributed according to community-based targeting. Food aid flows do not respond significantly to either covariate, community-level income or asset shocks, nor to idiosyncratic, household-level income or asset shocks. Rather, food aid flows appear to respond mainly to more readily observable rainfall measures. Finally, food aid does not appear to affect private transfers in any meaningful way, either by crowding out private gifts to recipient households nor by stimulating increased gifts by food aid recipients.
The Dalitz decay pi0 -> e+ e- gamma revisited
Creators: name: Kampf, Karol
name: Knecht, Marc
name: Novotny, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amplitude of the Dalitz decay pi0 -> e+ e gamma is studied and its model-independent properties are discussed in detail. A calculation of radiative corrections is performed within the framework of two-flavour chiral perturbation theory, enlarged by virtual photons and leptons. The lowest meson dominance approximation, motivated by large N\_C considerations, is used for the description of the pi0 - gamma* - gamma* transition form factor and for the estimate of the NLO low energy constants involved in the analysis. The two photon reducible contributions is included and discussed. Previous calculations are extended to the whole kinematical range of the soft-photon approximation, thus allowing for the possibility to consider various experimental situations and observables.
Geometric phase induced by a cyclically evolving squeezed vacuum reservoir
Creators: name: Carollo, Angelo
name: Palma, G. Massimo
name: Lozinski, Artur
name: Santos, Marcelo Franca
name: Vedral, Vlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new way to generate an observable geometric phase by means of a completely incoherent phenomenon. We show how to imprint a geometric phase to a system by "adiabatically" manipulating the environment with which it interacts. As a specific scheme we analyse a multilevel atom interacting with a broad-band squeezed vacuum bosonic bath. As the squeezing parameters are smoothly changed in time along a closed loop, the ground state of the system acquires a geometric phase. We propose also a scheme to measure such geometric phase by means of a suitable polarization detection.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
THE PATTERN OF BILATERAL TRADE USING A DYNAMIC GRAVITY EQUATION
Creators: name: Kim, Mina
name: Cho, Guedae
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Kim, Mina
name: Cho, Guedae
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Using a dynamic gravity equation, we show that the national product differentiation model explains food and agricultural trade, while the product differentiation model explains large-scale manufacturing trade for both short- and long-run. We provide reasons of discrepancy from Head and Ries (2001) in the short-run, and illustrate the positive impacts of world income growth on bilateral trades.
Additional file 6 of A novel function of FAF1, which induces dopaminergic neuronal death through cell-to-cell transmission
Creators: name: Gyeongrin Park
name: Bok-Seok Kim
name: Eunhee Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5 Figure S4. FAF1 lacks signal peptides. Signal P outputs for secretogranin-1 and FAF1. Left panel: secretogranin-1, a member of secretory vesicle, contains a typical signal peptide. Right panel: FAF1 has no signal peptide.
Constraints on the small-scale power spectrum of density fluctuations from high-redshift gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Haiman, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological models that include suppression of the power spectrum of density fluctuations on small scales exhibit an exponential reduction of high-redshift, non-linear structures, including a reduction in the rate of gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Here we quantify the constraints that the detection of distant GRBs would place on structure formation models with reduced small-scale power. We compute the number of GRBs that could be detectable by the Swift satellite at high redshifts (z > 6), assuming that the GRBs trace the cosmic star formation history, which itself traces the formation of non-linear structures. We calibrate simple models of the intrinsic luminosity function of the bursts to the number and flux distribution of GRBs observed by the Burst And Transient Source Experiment (BATSE). We find that a discovery of high-z GRBs would imply strong constraints on models with reduced small-scale power. For example, a single GRB at z > 10, or 10 GRBs at z > 5, discovered by Swift during its scheduled two-year mission, would rule out an exponential suppression of the power spectrum on scales below R_c=0.09 Mpc (exemplified by warm dark matter models with a particle mass of m_x=2 keV). Models with a less sharp suppression of small-scale power, such as those with a red tilt or a running scalar index, n_s, are more difficult to constrain, because they are more degenerate with an increase in the power spectrum normalization, sigma_8, and with models in which star-formation is allowed in low-mass minihalos. We find that a tilt of δn_s ~ 0.1 is difficult to detect; however, an observed rate of 1 GRB/yr at z > 12 would yield an upper limit on the running of the spectral index, alpha = d(n_s)/d(ln k) > -0.05.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures; Minor changes to match version published in ApJ
Soft-Minimum and Soft-Maximum Barrier Functions for Safety with Actuation Constraints
Creators: name: Rabiee, Pedram
name: Hoagg, Jesse B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents two new control approaches for guaranteed safety (remaining in a safe set) subject to actuator constraints (the control is in a convex polytope). The control signals are computed using real-time optimization, including linear and quadratic programs subject to affine constraints, which are shown to be feasible. The first control method relies on a soft-minimum barrier function that is constructed using a finite-time-horizon prediction of the system trajectories under a known backup control. The main result shows that the control is continuous and satisfies the actuator constraints, and a subset of the safe set is forward invariant under the control. Next, we extend this method to allow from multiple backup controls. This second approach relies on a combined soft-maximum/soft-minimum barrier function, and it has properties similar to the first. We demonstrate these controls on numerical simulations of an inverted pendulum and a nonholonomic ground robot.
description: Accepted for publication in Automatica. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2304.00693
COMPUTER ADOPTION PATTERNS OF U.S. SMALL BUSINESSES
Creators: name: Zhang, Feng
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper analyzes computer adoption patterns of U.S. small businesses. First, the association between computer use and firm performance is investigated with a linear model while controlling for various characteristics of the firm and its owner. Then an ordered probit model is used to model small business computer adoption decision. And computer adoption portfolios are also analyzed at the end.
Additional file 6 of Detecting prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer by regularized Cox proportional hazards models
Creators: name: Li, Lingyu
name: Liu, Zhi-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. The overlap genes in the four feature subsets identified by Lasso-RCPH, Enet-RCPH, L0-RCPH and SCAD-RCPH.
Coulomb effects and hopping transport in granular metals
Creators: name: Beloborodov, I. S.
name: Lopatin, A. V.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate effects of Coulomb interaction and hopping transport in the insulator phase of granular metals and quantum dot arrays. We consider a spatially periodic as well as an irregular array, including disorder in a form of a random on-site electrostatic potential. We study the Mott transition between the insulating and metallic states in the regular system and find the dependence of the Mott gap upon the intergranular coupling. The conductivity of a strictly periodic array has an activation form with the Mott gap as an activation energy. Considering irregular systems we concentrate on the transport properties in the dielectric, low coupling limit and derive the Efros-Shklovskii law for hopping conductivity. In the irregular arrays electrostatic disorder results in the finite density of states on the Fermi level giving rise to the variable range hopping mechanism. We develop a theory of tunneling through a chain of grains and discuss in detail both elastic and inelastic cotunneling mechanisms; the former dominates at very low temperatures and/or very low applied electric fields, while the inelastic mechanism controls tunneling at high temperature/fields. Our results are obtained within the framework of the new technique based on the mapping of quantum electronic problem onto the classical gas of Coulomb charges. The processes of quantum tunnelling of real electrons are represented in this technique as trajectories (world lines) of charged classical particles in $d+1$ dimensions. The Mott gap is related to the dielectric susceptibility of the Coulomb gas in the direction of the imaginary time axis.
description: 21 pages 9 figures
HAT-P-58b -- HAT-P-64b: Seven Planets Transiting Bright Stars
Creators: name: Bakos, G. Á.
name: Hartman, J. D.
name: Bhatti, W.
name: Csubry, Z.
name: Penev, K.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Quinn, S.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
name: Kovács, G.
name: Torres, G.
name: Noyes, R. W.
name: Falco, E.
name: Béky, B.
name: Szklenár, T.
name: Esquerdo, G. A.
name: Howard, A. W.
name: Isaacson, H.
name: Marcy, G.
name: Sato, B.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Santerne, A.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Harbeck, D.
name: McCully, C.
name: Everett, M. E.
name: Horch, E. P.
name: Hirsch, L.
name: Howell, S. B.
name: Huang, C. X.
name: Lázár, J.
name: Papp, I.
name: Sári, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery and characterization of 7 transiting exoplanets from the HATNet survey. The planets, which are hot Jupiters and Saturns transiting bright sun-like stars, include: HAT-P-58b (with mass Mp = 0.37 MJ, radius Rp = 1.33 RJ, and orbital period P = 4.0138 days), HAT-P-59b (Mp = 1.54 MJ, Rp = 1.12 RJ, P = 4.1420 days), HAT-P-60b (Mp = 0.57 MJ, Rp = 1.63 RJ, P = 4.7948 days), HAT-P-61b (Mp = 1.06 MJ, Rp = 0.90 RJ, P = 1.9023 days), HAT-P-62b (Mp = 0.76 MJ, Rp = 1.07 RJ, P = 2.6453 days), HAT-P-63b (Mp = 0.61 MJ, Rp = 1.12 RJ, P = 3.3777 days), and HAT-P-64b (Mp = 0.58 MJ, Rp = 1.70 RJ, P = 4.0072 days). The typical errors on these quantities are 0.06 MJ, 0.03 RJ, and 0.2seconds, respectively. We also provide accurate stellar parameters for each of the hosts stars. With V = 9.710+/-0.050mag, HAT-P-60 is an especially bright transiting planet host, and an excellent target for additional follow-up observations. With Rp = 1.703+/-0.070 RJ, HAT-P-64b is a highly inflated hot Jupiter around a star nearing the end of its main-sequence lifetime, and is among the largest known planets. Five of the seven systems have long-cadence observations by TESS which are included in the analysis. Of particular note is HAT-P-59 (TOI-1826.01) which is within the Northern continuous viewing zone of the TESS mission, and HAT-P-60, which is the TESS candidate TOI-1580.01.
description: Submitted to AJ. Many large figures and tables at the end of the paper
ESTIMATING REGIONAL ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCE FLOWS
Creators: name: Booker, James F.
name: Booker, James F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Estimates of direct and indirect material and energy usage for New York State are derived from existing input-output and natural resource and energy databases. The work provides both a generally applicable methodology and an empirical example for estimating energy and material flow impacts at the regional level.
Machine Learning for Imaging Cherenkov Detectors
Creators: name: Fanelli, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Imaging Cherenkov detectors are largely used in modern nuclear and particle physics experiments where cutting-edge solutions are needed to face always more growing computing demands. This is a fertile ground for AI-based approaches and at present we are witnessing the onset of new highly efficient and fast applications. This paper focuses on novel directions with applications to Cherenkov detectors. In particular, recent advances on detector design and calibration, as well as particle identification are presented.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Modeling the Impact of Food Safety Information with No Information
Creators: name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper aims to propose a stochastic approach to measure the time pattern of a food scare, which does not require the inclusion of additional explanatory variables such as a news index. The application is based on the 1982 Heptachlor milk contamination in Oahu, Hawaii.
Constraints on parameters of B-type pulsators from combined multicolour photometry and radial velocity data. I. $β$ Cephei stars
Creators: name: Daszynska-Daszkiewicz, J.
name: Dziembowski, W. A.
name: Pamyatnykh, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze data on pulsation amplitudes and phases for two $β$ Cephei stars, $δ$ Cet and $ν$ Eri. Strömgren photometry and radial velocity measurements are used simultaneously to obtain constraints on mean parameters of the stars and identification of the excited modes. The inference about the radial mode order and mean star parameters is based on comparison of certain complex parameter, $f$, determined from data, with its counterpart derived from linear nonadiabatic modelling of stellar oscillations. The theoretical $f$ values are very sensitive to the adopted opacity data. In our modelling we rely on the data from OPAL and OP projects. Significant differences were found. New seismic models of $ν$ Eri were constructed with both the OPAL and OP opacities.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, A&A in press
How Powerful are Decoder-Only Transformer Neural Models?
Creators: name: Roberts, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we prove that the general transformer neural model undergirding modern large language models (LLMs) is Turing complete under reasonable assumptions. This is the first work to directly address the Turing completeness of the underlying technology employed in GPT-x as past work has focused on the more expressive, full auto-encoder transformer architecture. From this theoretical analysis, we show that the sparsity/compressibility of the word embedding is an important consideration for Turing completeness to hold. We also show that Transformers are are a variant of B machines studied by Hao Wang.
description: Published in IJCNN 2024
"Brot für die Welt" und "Ökumene im eigenen Land"
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 10 Nr. 2 (1961): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 10, Heft 2
Magnetic effects on fields morphologies and reversals in geodynamo simulations
Creators: name: Menu, Mélissa D.
name: Petitdemange, Ludovic
name: Galtier, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamo effect is the most popular candidate to explain the non-primordial magnetic fields of astrophysical objects. Although many systematic studies of parameters have already been made to determine the different dynamical regimes explored by direct numerical geodynamo simulations, it is only recently that the regime corresponding to the outer core of the Earth characterized by a balance of forces between the Coriolis and Lorentz forces is accessible numerically. In most previous studies, the Lorentz force played a relatively minor role. For example, they have shown that a purely hydrodynamic parameter (the local Rossby number $Ro_\ell$ determines the stability domain of dynamos dominated by the axial dipole (dipolar dynamos). In this study, we show that this result cannot hold when the Lorentz force becomes dominant. We model turbulent geodynamo simulations with a strong Lorentz force by varying the important parameters over several orders of magnitude. This method enables us to question previous results and to argue on the applications of numerical dynamos in order to better understand the geodynamo problem. Strong dipolar fields considerably affect the kinetic energy distribution of convective motions which enables the maintenance of this field configuration. The relative importance of each force depends on the spatial length scale, whereas $Ro_\ell$ is a global output parameter which ignores the spatial dependency. We show that inertia does not induce a dipole collapse as long as the Lorentz and the Coriolis forces remain dominant at large length scales.
Additional file 7 of A novel function of FAF1, which induces dopaminergic neuronal death through cell-to-cell transmission
Creators: name: Gyeongrin Park
name: Bok-Seok Kim
name: Eunhee Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6 Figure S5. FAF1 is secreted in exosomes in various cell lines. a-h SH-SY5Y, MEF, HEK293, RAW264.7, HeLa, PANC-1, Mia-PaCa2, and MCF-7 cells plated on 150 mm diameter dishes were transfected with VC or 3xFlag-FAF1 plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, the culture medium was replaced with exosome-depleted medium, and the cells were cultured for 48 h. The exosomes were isolated from CM with ExoQuick-TC. Exosomes were analyzed by western blotting with the indicated antibodies.