cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Tutorial on the Basic Special Functions of Fractional Calculus
Creators: name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33, 33E12, 34A08, 34C26

description: In this tutorial survey we recall the basic properties of the special function of the Mittag-Leffler and Wright type that are known to be relevant in processes dealt with the fractional calculus. We outline the major applications of these functions. For the Mittag-Leffler functions we analyze the Abel integral equation of the second kind and the fractional relaxation and oscillation phenomena. For the Wright functions we distinguish them in two kinds. We mainly stress the relevance of the Wright functions of the second kind in probability theory with particular regard to the so-called M-Wright function that generalizes the Gaussian and is related with the time-fractional diffusion equation.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures
A BIOGRAPHY OF DR. FARROUKHROU PARSAY: AN ADVOCATE FOR WOMEN'S RIGHTS AND EDUCATION IN IRAN
Creators: name: Mortazavi, Fahimeh
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The history of women in Iran, their status in society, and their role in education was insignificant before the late 1800s. Only a very few and women who were members of the highest economic strata were able to break out of the mold in which society placed them. As the economic conditions in Iran began to change and trade with foreign countries expanded, so did the opportunities for women. A need for a larger, skilled work force provided the first impetus for women to enter into education and the work force. This economic expansion beginning in the 1890s and continuing until 1978 led to expanding educational opportunities for women. The women's role in modern education was initially nominal, but as wealth in Iran increased along with the driving efforts of a few select persons, so did the number of women in education. Once educated, the women became equipped to participate in the political process. By the late 1970s, although inequality still existed, women had been integrated into all levels of the political process, except kingship. The key feature of this study is the examination of these events in the form of a biography. The person chosen, Dr. Farroukhrou Parsay, represented the emergence of education and women. Throughout her life, she held positions at all levels of the educational system, from teacher to the Minister of Education in the Cabinet of Iran. She also retained positions in the women's movement, from the lowest grass-roots level to the president of several of the most prominent women's societies in Iran in the twentieth century. This study is unique because it documents information regarding the role of women in society and their education that has not been documented before. It draws on information gained through many interviews with persons who were actively involved in education and women's rights during Dr. Parsay's life. This study is a historical examination of the emergence of women and education in Iran from a perspective that has not before been documented: from a biography of Dr. Parsay, the first woman ever to achieve a Ministerial post in the Cabinet of Iran.
Tomcat Image Processing Language using Jython and Spark for distributed image analysis of tomography datasets
Creators: name: Mader, Kevin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Tomcat Image Processing Language (TIPL) is a Java-based large scale 3D image processing framework designed for tomographic sized datasets from microCT and synchrotrons. It has been optimized for parallel and distributed computation using Apache Spark. The framework is significantly more accessible through scripting with Jython, a java-hosted Python implementation supporting almost all the functionality. Sample scripts can be found in the snippets folder. Support for SciJava and ImageJ has been integrated but are most useful for slice-based operations or file IO. The project has not been actively developed in some time, but should still build. Unfortunately, all of the tests were setup to run on the local/cluster environment developed by Kevin Mader and have not been ported to run using modern CI tools. Specifically, the custom set of algorithms here reported is used to segment the tomographic reconstructions into individual objects and quantify shape metrics based on the shape tensor computed for each object. A recent application of this code was employed in the Geophysical Research Letter (GRL) contribution on "Seismic attenuation during magma vesiculation: A combination of laboratory constraints and modeling" by Pistone et al. (2021) [doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092315]. The code is also freely available on github: https://github.com/kmader/TIPL
Review on the inclusive rare decays B -> X_s gamma and B -> X_d gamma in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Bieri, Kay
name: Greub, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the NLL QCD calculations for the branching ratio of B -> X_s gamma in the SM. In particular, we emphasize the problem related to the definition of the charm quark mass which leads to a rather large uncertainty of the NLL predictions. The various steps needed for a NNLL calculation, in which the m_c issue can be settled, is also sketched. We briefly summarize the results of a calculation of the O(alpha_s^2 n_f) corrections to BR(B -> X_s gamma), which was recently performed as a first step in the NNLL program. We then also briefly review the status of the photon energy spectrum and show the comparison with experimental data. Finally, we review the status of the CKM suppressed decay mode B -> X_d gamma.
description: 5 pages including 5 postscript figures. Talk given at the EPS2003 conference, Aachen, July 2003
The effect of internal gravity waves on cloud evolution in sub-stellar atmospheres
Creators: name: Parent, Amy
name: Falconer, Ruth E.
name: Lee, Elspeth K. H.
name: Meyer, Karen A.
name: Stark, Craig R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-stellar objects exhibit photometric variability, which is believed to be caused by a number of processes, such as magnetically-driven spots or inhomogeneous cloud coverage. Recent models have shown that turbulent flows and waves, including internal gravity waves, may play an important role in cloud evolution. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of IGW on dust nucleation and dust growth, and whether observations of the resulting cloud structures could be used to recover atmospheric density information. For a simplified atmosphere in two dimensions, we numerically solved the governing fluid equations to simulate the effect on dust nucleation and mantle growth as a result of the passage of an IGW. Furthermore, we derived an expression that relates the properties of the wave-induced cloud structures to observable parameters in order to deduce the atmospheric density. Numerical simulations show that the $ρ, p, T$ variations caused by gravity waves lead to an increase of the nucleation rate by up to a factor 20, and an increase of the mantle growth rate by up to a factor 1.6, compared to their equilibrium values. An exploration of the wider parameter space shows that in absolute terms, the increase in nucleation due to IGW is stronger in cooler (T dwarfs) and TiO2-rich sub-stellar atmospheres. The relative increase, however, is greater in warmer (L dwarf) and TiO2-poor atmospheres due to conditions less suited for efficient nucleation at equilibrium. These variations lead to banded areas in which dust formation is much more pronounced, similar to the cloud structures observed on Earth. We show that IGW in the atmosphere of sub-stellar objects can produce banded clouds structures similar to that observed on Earth. We propose a method with which potential observations of banded clouds could be used to estimate the atmospheric density of sub-stellar objects.
description: Language and typo edits
Chern-Simons like term generation in an extended model of QED under external conditions
Creators: name: Ebert, D.
name: Zhukovsky, V. Ch.
name: Razumovsky, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of a Chern-Simons like term generation in an extended model of QED, in which a Lorentz and CPT non-covariant interaction term for fermions is present, has been investigated at finite temperature and in the presence of a background color magnetic field. To this end, the photon polarization operator in an external constant axial-vector field has been considered. One-loop contributions to its antisymmetric component due to fermions in the linear order of the axial-vector field have been obtained. Moreover, the first nontrivial correction to the induced CS term due to the presence of a weak constant homogeneous color magnetic field has been derived.
description: RevTex, 10 pages with 3 figures
THE AL-BURAIMI DISPUTE: A CASE STUDY IN INTER-ARAB POLITICS (UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
Creators: name: Al-Shamsi, Saeed Mohammad
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The Al-Buraimi dispute has been briefly written about in most of the political and legal literature related to the region. The main thrust of this thesis is to examine the issue of the Al-Buraimi dispute as it influences the political transition, in the region, from a tribal to a modern nation-state. The study also examines the historical and current relationship of the Oasis and its people to the surrounding region. This work provides further knowledge of the influence and work of the British and American oil companies in the region. It also assists in understanding the process of political modernization. Since the Western concept of politics and the nation-state system is a institution recently introduced to the traditional tribal way of life, this study is based on an historical descriptive approach to examine the issue. At the same time the integrative Federation of the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), is examined, as well as the Arabian Gulf Cooperation Council (AGCC) and how the border disputes influence the process of the federations in the region. The findings of this study show that traditional tribalism is deeply rooted in the political system of the U.A.E., as well as the AGCC. Finally, the study shows that the Al-Buraimi dispute could be resolved by a combination of tribal loyalty and the principle of self-determination under international law, however, this achievement will depend on the degree to which the people of Al-Buraimi are directly represented during the negotiations.
Increasing the output of a Littman-type laser by use of an intracavity Faraday rotator
Creators: name: Merrill, Rebecca
name: Olson, Rebecca
name: Bergeson, Scott
name: Durfee, Dallin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method of external-cavity diode laser grating stabilization which combines the high output power of the Littrow design with the fixed output pointing of the Littman-Metcalf design. Our new approach utilizes a Faraday-effect optical isolator inside the external cavity. Experimental testing and a model which describes the tuning range and optimal tuning parameters of the laser are described. Preliminary testing of this design has resulted in a short-term linewidth of 360 kHz and a side-mode suppression of 37 dB. The laser tunes mode-hop free over 7 GHz and we predict that much larger tuning ranges are possible.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
THE AL-BURAIMI DISPUTE: A CASE STUDY IN INTER-ARAB POLITICS (UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
Creators: name: Al-Shamsi, Saeed Mohammad
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Al-Buraimi dispute has been briefly written about in most of the political and legal literature related to the region. The main thrust of this thesis is to examine the issue of the Al-Buraimi dispute as it influences the political transition, in the region, from a tribal to a modern nation-state. The study also examines the historical and current relationship of the Oasis and its people to the surrounding region. This work provides further knowledge of the influence and work of the British and American oil companies in the region. It also assists in understanding the process of political modernization. Since the Western concept of politics and the nation-state system is a institution recently introduced to the traditional tribal way of life, this study is based on an historical descriptive approach to examine the issue. At the same time the integrative Federation of the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), is examined, as well as the Arabian Gulf Cooperation Council (AGCC) and how the border disputes influence the process of the federations in the region. The findings of this study show that traditional tribalism is deeply rooted in the political system of the U.A.E., as well as the AGCC. Finally, the study shows that the Al-Buraimi dispute could be resolved by a combination of tribal loyalty and the principle of self-determination under international law, however, this achievement will depend on the degree to which the people of Al-Buraimi are directly represented during the negotiations.
INDUCTION OF METHOTREXATE RESISTANCE BY RETROVIRAL-MEDIATED TRANSFER OF A MUTANT DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE
Creators: name: Ricciardone, Marie D.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Methotrexate (MTX), a folate analog which inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), is an effective antineoplastic drug. However, MTX-induced myelosuppression limits the effectiveness of this agent. Selective induction of MTX resistance in bone marrow stem cells, prior to treatment with MTX, might prevent this toxicity and improve the therapeutic index of the drug. In these studies drug resistance was transferred to mouse and human bone marrow stem cells by retroviral expression vectors containing coding sequences of a mutant DHFR with a decreased affinity for MTX. Three retroviral expression vectors were analyzed. The CIS DR vector contained the mutant DHFR gene inserted into the replication-defective amphotropic 4070 virus, Cistor. The other vectors contained the mutant DHFR inserted into either the env region (SDHT1) or gag-pol region (SDHT2) of a replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus. All three constructs induced approximately a 200-fold resistance to MTX when transfected into NIH3T3 cells. Amphotropic infectious retroviruses were obtained by transfecting the mutant DHFR vectors into a packaging cell line, which supplied the gag, pol, and env proteins for virus production. Virus titers of 4.5 x 10('3) colony-forming units (CFU)/ml (CIS DR), 1.5 x 10('4) CFU/ml (SDHT2), and 5 x 10('5) CFU/ml (SDHT1) were measured by the transfer of MTX resistance to NIH3T3 cells. Modest increases in virus titers could be achieved by either selecting the virus-producing cells in stepwise increasing concentrations of MTX or by introducing the vector into the packaging cell line via infection rather than transfection. The amphotropic SDHT1 virus efficiently induced MTX resistance in cells of several species, including mouse NIH3T3 cells (5 x 10('5) CFU/ml), monkey CV1 cells (4 x 10('3) CFU/ml), and human MCF-7 cells (6 x 10('4) CFU/ml). When cocultured with SDHT1 virus-producing cells, both mouse and human bone marrow cells could be infected and rendered resistant to MTX. Approximately 30-35% of the mouse progenitor cell colonies (CFU/C) and 4-10% of the human CFU/C formed colonies in soft agar in the presence of MTX. Mouse cytotoxic T lymphocytes (generated in a mixed lymphocyte reaction) and mouse helper T lymphocytes can also be made resistant to MTX. After coculture with irradiated virus-producing cells, T lymphocytes proliferated in response to antigen and incorporated ('3)H -deoxyuridine into DNA in the presence of MTX. Thus, this retroviral expression vector can infect both bone marrow stem cells and T lymphocytes and render them resistant to the cytotoxic effects of MTX.
Magneto-optical Kerr effect in $Eu_{1-x}Ca_{x}B_{6}$
Creators: name: Caimi, G.
name: Broderick, S.
name: Ott, H. R.
name: Degiorgi, L.
name: Bianchi, A. D.
name: Fisk, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the magneto-optical Kerr rotation of ferromagnetic $Eu_{1-x}Ca_{x}B_{6}$ with x=0.2 and 0.4, as well as of $YbB_{6}$ serving as the non-magnetic reference material. As previously for $EuB_{6}$, we could identify a feature at 1 $eV$ in the Kerr response which is related with electronic transitions involving the localized 4f electron states. The absence of this feature in the data for $YbB_{6}$ confirms the relevance of the partially occupied 4f states in shaping the magneto-optical features of $Eu$-based hexaborides. Disorder by $Ca$-doping broadens the itinerant charge carrier contribution to the magneto-optical spectra.
A BIOGRAPHY OF DR. FARROUKHROU PARSAY: AN ADVOCATE FOR WOMEN'S RIGHTS AND EDUCATION IN IRAN
Creators: name: Mortazavi, Fahimeh
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The history of women in Iran, their status in society, and their role in education was insignificant before the late 1800s. Only a very few and women who were members of the highest economic strata were able to break out of the mold in which society placed them. As the economic conditions in Iran began to change and trade with foreign countries expanded, so did the opportunities for women. A need for a larger, skilled work force provided the first impetus for women to enter into education and the work force. This economic expansion beginning in the 1890s and continuing until 1978 led to expanding educational opportunities for women. The women's role in modern education was initially nominal, but as wealth in Iran increased along with the driving efforts of a few select persons, so did the number of women in education. Once educated, the women became equipped to participate in the political process. By the late 1970s, although inequality still existed, women had been integrated into all levels of the political process, except kingship. The key feature of this study is the examination of these events in the form of a biography. The person chosen, Dr. Farroukhrou Parsay, represented the emergence of education and women. Throughout her life, she held positions at all levels of the educational system, from teacher to the Minister of Education in the Cabinet of Iran. She also retained positions in the women's movement, from the lowest grass-roots level to the president of several of the most prominent women's societies in Iran in the twentieth century. This study is unique because it documents information regarding the role of women in society and their education that has not been documented before. It draws on information gained through many interviews with persons who were actively involved in education and women's rights during Dr. Parsay's life. This study is a historical examination of the emergence of women and education in Iran from a perspective that has not before been documented: from a biography of Dr. Parsay, the first woman ever to achieve a Ministerial post in the Cabinet of Iran.
An enhanced uncertainty principle for the Vaserstein distance
Creators: name: Carroll, Tom
name: Massaneda, Xavier
name: Ortega-Cerdà, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We improve some recent results of Sagiv and Steinerberger that quantify the following uncertainty principle: for a function $f$ with mean zero, either the size of the zero set of the function or the cost of transporting the mass of the positive part of $f$ to its negative part must be big. We also provide a sharp upper estimate of the transport cost of the positive part of an eigenfunction of the Laplacian. This proves a conjecture of Steinerberger and provides a lower bound of the size of the nodal set of the eigenfunction.
description: Corrected the argument at the proof of Theorem 1
INDUCTION OF METHOTREXATE RESISTANCE BY RETROVIRAL-MEDIATED TRANSFER OF A MUTANT DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE
Creators: name: Ricciardone, Marie D.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Methotrexate (MTX), a folate analog which inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), is an effective antineoplastic drug. However, MTX-induced myelosuppression limits the effectiveness of this agent. Selective induction of MTX resistance in bone marrow stem cells, prior to treatment with MTX, might prevent this toxicity and improve the therapeutic index of the drug. In these studies drug resistance was transferred to mouse and human bone marrow stem cells by retroviral expression vectors containing coding sequences of a mutant DHFR with a decreased affinity for MTX. Three retroviral expression vectors were analyzed. The CIS DR vector contained the mutant DHFR gene inserted into the replication-defective amphotropic 4070 virus, Cistor. The other vectors contained the mutant DHFR inserted into either the env region (SDHT1) or gag-pol region (SDHT2) of a replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus. All three constructs induced approximately a 200-fold resistance to MTX when transfected into NIH3T3 cells. Amphotropic infectious retroviruses were obtained by transfecting the mutant DHFR vectors into a packaging cell line, which supplied the gag, pol, and env proteins for virus production. Virus titers of 4.5 x 10('3) colony-forming units (CFU)/ml (CIS DR), 1.5 x 10('4) CFU/ml (SDHT2), and 5 x 10('5) CFU/ml (SDHT1) were measured by the transfer of MTX resistance to NIH3T3 cells. Modest increases in virus titers could be achieved by either selecting the virus-producing cells in stepwise increasing concentrations of MTX or by introducing the vector into the packaging cell line via infection rather than transfection. The amphotropic SDHT1 virus efficiently induced MTX resistance in cells of several species, including mouse NIH3T3 cells (5 x 10('5) CFU/ml), monkey CV1 cells (4 x 10('3) CFU/ml), and human MCF-7 cells (6 x 10('4) CFU/ml). When cocultured with SDHT1 virus-producing cells, both mouse and human bone marrow cells could be infected and rendered resistant to MTX. Approximately 30-35% of the mouse progenitor cell colonies (CFU/C) and 4-10% of the human CFU/C formed colonies in soft agar in the presence of MTX. Mouse cytotoxic T lymphocytes (generated in a mixed lymphocyte reaction) and mouse helper T lymphocytes can also be made resistant to MTX. After coculture with irradiated virus-producing cells, T lymphocytes proliferated in response to antigen and incorporated ('3)H -deoxyuridine into DNA in the presence of MTX. Thus, this retroviral expression vector can infect both bone marrow stem cells and T lymphocytes and render them resistant to the cytotoxic effects of MTX.
N=1 Super QCD and Fractional Branes
Creators: name: Pezzella, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to get the one-loop beta function and the chiral anomaly of N=1 Super QCD from a stack of fractional N D3-branes localized inside the world-volume of 2M fractional D7-branes on the orbifold C^3/(Z_2 x Z_2). They are obtained by analyzing the classical supergravity background generated by such a brane configuration, in the spirit of the gauge/gravity correspondence.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX. Talk given at the IXth International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology PASCOS '03, Mumbai-India, January 3-8 2003. To appear in a special issue of Pramana
BVI-DVC: A Training Database for Deep Video Compression
Creators: name: Ma, Di
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Bull, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning methods are increasingly being applied in the optimisation of video compression algorithms and can achieve significantly enhanced coding gains, compared to conventional approaches. Such approaches often employ Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) which are trained on databases with relatively limited content coverage. In this paper, a new extensive and representative video database, BVI-DVC, is presented for training CNN-based video compression systems, with specific emphasis on machine learning tools that enhance conventional coding architectures, including spatial resolution and bit depth up-sampling, post-processing and in-loop filtering. BVI-DVC contains 800 sequences at various spatial resolutions from 270p to 2160p and has been evaluated on ten existing network architectures for four different coding tools. Experimental results show that this database produces significant improvements in terms of coding gains over three existing (commonly used) image/video training databases under the same training and evaluation configurations. The overall additional coding improvements by using the proposed database for all tested coding modules and CNN architectures are up to 10.3% based on the assessment of PSNR and 8.1% based on VMAF.
Nucleon-induced reactions at intermediate energies: New data at 96 MeV and theoretical status
Creators: name: Blideanu, V.
name: Lecolley, F. R.
name: Lecolley, J. F.
name: Lefort, T.
name: Marie, N.
name: Atac, A.
name: Ban, G.
name: Bergenwall, B.
name: Blomgren, J.
name: Dangtip, S.
name: Elmgren, K.
name: Eudes, Ph.
name: Foucher, Y.
name: Guertin, A.
name: Haddad, F.
name: Hildebrand, A.
name: Johansson, C.
name: Jonsson, O.
name: Kerveno, M.
name: Kirchner, T.
name: Klug, J.
name: Brun, Ch. Le
name: Lebrun, C.
name: Louvel, M.
name: Nadel-Turonski, P.
name: Nilsson, L.
name: Olsson, N.
name: Pomp, S.
name: Prokofiev, A. V.
name: Renberg, P. -U.
name: Riviere, G.
name: Slypen, I.
name: Stuttge, L.
name: Tippawan, U.
name: Osterlund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double-differential cross sections for light charged particle production (up to A=4) were measured in 96 MeV neutron-induced reactions, at TSL laboratory cyclotron in Uppsala (Sweden). Measurements for three targets, Fe, Pb, and U, were performed using two independent devices, SCANDAL and MEDLEY. The data were recorded with low energy thresholds and for a wide angular range (20-160 degrees). The normalization procedure used to extract the cross sections is based on the np elastic scattering reaction that we measured and for which we present experimental results. A good control of the systematic uncertainties affecting the results is achieved. Calculations using the exciton model are reported. Two different theoretical approches proposed to improve its predictive power regarding the complex particle emission are tested. The capabilities of each approach is illustrated by comparison with the 96 MeV data that we measured, and with other experimental results available in the literature.
description: 21 pages, 28 figures
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET/DEFENSE DEPARTMENT RELATIONS, 1970-1986
Creators: name: Barber, Elizabeth Johnson
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Numerous studies have shown that the Defense Department (DOD) suffers from poor performance in several key areas. These studies have not generally focused on an important source of DOD's problems: senior policy makers do not adequately integrate DOD's budgets and programs into overall national security objectives. Neither have they investigated intra-executive branch coordination involving the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) or OMB-DOD interaction. This dissertation addresses such matters. It examines OMB/DOD relations from 1970-1986, considering OMB's limited review of the defense budget and ensuing unaddressed defense problems. It also analyzes the suggestion that, with presidential backing, OMB could play a more influential role in ensuring that defense policy is coordinated with presidential objectives. This suggestion is addressed by examining the problems experienced when Congress established the Office of Federal Procurement Policy (OFPP), within OMB to unify federal procurement policy. DOD was responsible for 90 percent of government procurement and resisted OFPP's establishment and its reform initiatives. Largely as a result of DOD's resistance, OFPP was unsuccessful in attempts to unify federal procurement and procurement problems remain unaddressed. The intensity of DOD's resistance to OFPP demonstrates the difficulties that can be expected to plague procurement reform efforts. This study reveals that OMB would face significant constraints in assuming a major role in the oversight of defense reforms. Constraints include internal OMB limitations and the perceived legitimacy of such a role. This dissertation also offers some limited suggestions that would enable OMB--the President's central White House-level staff for budgetary matters--to play a more effective role in defense budget review. These limited recommendations include restoring OMB's staff size to pre-Reagan levels and discontinuing the joint OMB/DOD review of the defense budget. Obviously, OMB's effectiveness in defense budget review depends on the support of the President, Defense Secretary and Congress.
Exact Short Time Dynamics for Steeply Repulsive Potentials
Creators: name: Dufty, James W.
name: Ernst, Matthieu H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The autocorrelation functions for the force on a particle, the velocity of a particle, and the transverse momentum flux are studied for the power law potential $v(r)=ε(σ/r)^ν$ (soft spheres). The latter two correlation functions characterize the Green-Kubo expressions for the self-diffusion coefficient and shear viscosity. The short time dynamics is calculated exactly as a function of $ν$. The dynamics is characterized by a universal scaling function $S(τ)$, where $τ=t/τ_ν$ and $ τ_ν$ is the mean time to traverse the core of the potential divided by $ν$. In the limit of asymptotically large $ν$ this scaling function leads to delta function in time contributions in the correlation functions for the force and momentum flux. It is shown that this singular limit agrees with the special Green-Kubo representation for hard sphere transport coefficients. The domain of the scaling law is investigated by comparison with recent results from molecular dynamics simulation for this potential.
description: submitted to special issue of Molecular Physics
title: Processes involved in an examination linked, teacher based curriculum innovation in secondary education
Creators: name: Ward, Eric
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1986

description: This study centres on an investigation of one example of grassroots curriculum innovation: the implementation by teachers of CSE Mode III examinations in physical education in one examination board. The aim was to identify the important processes, particularly those related to the teacher, operating in the development and implementation of curriculum innovation. The method adopted was a case study using participant observation techniques. A modified subjectivist orientation allowed appropriate strategies to be developed to analyse documents and proceedings of informal contacts and meetings with examination board officials and teachers, and formal interviews with teachers. Implementing the examination course resulted in major modifications to the physical education curriculum and teacher's role. In addition, system standardization associated with a developing national climate of accountability began to be imposed. Mainly because of this and the effects of economic restraints and falling pupil rolls, a plateau was reached in the number of schools implementing the courses. Despite the growing constraints and reduced teacher autonomy the commitment and personal career satisfaction of some teachers has been maintained. The gratification gained from teaching exceptionally responsive pupils and the excitement stemming from involvement in curriculum innovation were identified as being significant rewards for developing and implementing the course. Four categories of response to the implementation experience and increasing standardization were identified: acceptance, accommodation, retreat and alternative outlet. The conclusions are that open systems based on process principles should be encouraged in the implementation of curriculum innovation, particularly with changes currently being proposed for examination linked, teacher based developments at 16+ and in vocational preparation courses. This implies broadening examiners' perspectives to be more sympathetic to subjective, interactive procedures, and improving teacher education in the principles and practices of assessment in order to manage the flexibility effectively.
Enhancement of the tidal disruption event rate in galaxies with a nuclear star cluster: from dwarfs to ellipticals
Creators: name: Pfister, Hugo
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Dai, Jane Lixin
name: Colpi, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the tidal disruption event (TDE) rate around local massive black holes (MBHs) with masses as low as $2.5\times10^4 {\rm M}_\odot$, thus probing the dwarf regime for the first time. We select a sample of 37 galaxies for which we have the surface stellar density profile, a dynamical estimate of the mass of the MBH, and 6 of which, including our Milky Way, have a resolved nuclear star cluster (NSC). For the Milky Way, we find a total TDE rate of $\sim 10^{-4}{\rm yr}^{-1}$ when taking the NSC in account, and $\sim 10^{-7} {\rm yr}^{-1}$ otherwise. TDEs are mainly sourced from the NSC for light ($<3\times 10^{10}{\rm M}_\odot$) galaxies, with a rate of few $10^{-5}{\rm yr}^{-1}$, and an enhancement of up to 2 orders of magnitude compared to non-nucleated galaxies. We create a mock population of galaxies using different sets of scaling relations to explore trends with galaxy mass, taking into account the nucleated fraction of galaxies. Overall, we find a rate of few $10^{-5}{\rm yr}^{-1}$ which drops when galaxies are more massive than $10^{11}{\rm M}_\odot$ and contain MBHs swallowing stars whole and resulting in no observable TDE.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
TASTE DYSFUNCTION IN ZINC-DEPLETED RATS
Creators: name: Brosvic, Gary Michael
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: An operant conditioning procedure for assessing gustatory sensory capacity in the rat was used to examine the effects of zinc depletion on the detection and discrimination of tastants. Initially, animals were separated into three groups with comparable serum zinc concentrations. Each animal was then tested for NaCl threshold and on a two-tastant discrimination task prior to, during, and after zinc depletion or paired feeding with supplemental zinc control procedures. The groups were maintained on a zinc-free food diet and drinking water was supplemented with 100 ppm zinc ion per day in the pre- and posttreatment phases. During the zinc manipulation phase, zinc supplement was withdrawn or reduced to 5 ppm zinc ion per day for the zinc-deprived groups or maintained for the control zinc groups. NaCl thresholds increased more than 8- and 22-fold from pre- to posttreatment in the moderately and severely zinc-depleted groups, respectively, but remained unchanged in controls. In comparison to controls, the moderately and severely zinc-depleted groups made more total errors on the two-tastant discrimination task. After 26 days of zinc repletion, detection thresholds and discrimination accuracy did not improve in the experimental groups. Analysis of plasma zinc samples after 24 days of zinc depletion indicated significantly decreased mean serum zinc content ((mu)g/dl) in the moderately (60) and severely (38) zinc-depleted groups, as compared to controls (101). Twenty-seven days of zinc repletion did not significantly increase serum zinc ((mu)g/dl) content in the former moderately (69) and severely (42) zinc-depleted groups. These results demonstrate that zinc depletion leads to altered taste function.
EVENT: The Implementation of the CDSM Directive: Snapshots into the Future of EU Copyright Law
Creators: name: Sganga, Caterina
name: Keller, Paul
name: Furgal, Ula
name: Poort, Joost
name: Deniard, Cecile
name: Quintais, João Pedro
name: Schwemer, Sebastian
name: Husovec, Martin
name: Dore, Giulia
name: Iljadica, Marta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Presentation slides from the event 'The Implementation of the CDSM Directive: Snapshots into the Future of EU Copyright Law'. The event took place on 21 June 2021, 2 pm to 7 pm (CET). Full event programme: Introduction - Greetings, introduction of reCreating Europe (Caterina Sganga, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna – Coordinator, reCreating Europe)  Keynotes - The aftermath of CDMSD: where do we stand, where shall we go? (Raquel Xalabarder, Professor of Intellectual Property, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya)  - The future of EU copyright harmonization: which role for the CJEU? (Maciej Szpunar, First Advocate General of the Court of Justice of the European Union) Intermezzo: implementation trackers - CDSMD implementation tracker (Martin Kretschmer, Professor and Director, CREATe – University of Glasgow) - The new copyrightexceptions.eu (Paul Keller, President, Communia) Panel sessions - Panel 1: Remuneration and reversion rights Chair: Rebecca Giblin (Associate Professor, University of Melbourne; Director, IP Research Institute of Australia (IPRIA)) Presenters: Ula Furgal (Research Fellow, CREATe – University of Glasgow), Joost Poort (Associate Professor and Vice-Director, IViR – University of Amsterdam) Respondents: Eanna Casey (Chairman of the Board, Societies’ Council for the Collective Management of Performers’ Rights (SCARP)); Cecile Deniard (Vice-President, European Council of Literary Translators’ Associations (CEATL)) - Panel 2: A new era for copyright exceptions and limitations? Chair: Christophe Geiger (Professor of Law, CEIPI – University of Strasbourg) Presenters: Caterina Sganga (Associate Professor of Private Comparative Law, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna), Thomas Margoni (Research Professor, KU Leuven; Fellow, CREATe) Discussants: Agustin Reyna (Director, Legal and Economic Affairs, BEUC), Jeremy Rollinson (Senior Director of European Government Affairs, Microsoft) - Panel 3: Setting the rules for automated content-filtering Chair: Eleonora Rosati (Professor of Intellectual Property Law, University of Stockholm) Presenters: João Pedro Quintais (Assistant Professor, IViR – University of Amsterdam), Sebastian Schwemer (Associate Professor, CIIR – University of Copenhagen) Discussants: Cédric Manara (Head of Copyright, Google), Martin Husovec (Assistant Professor, LSE) - Panel 4: Preservation of cultural heritage Chair: Andrea Wallace (Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Exeter) Presenters: Giulia Dore (Research Fellow, University of Trento), Marta Iljadica (Lecturer in Law, CREATe – University of Glasgow) Discussants: Ariadna Matas (Policy Advisor, Europeana); Ben White (Chair of Copyright Working Group, LIBER)
Variation after parity projection calculation with Skyrme interaction for light nuclei
Creators: name: Ohta, Hirofumi
name: Yabana, Kazuhiro
name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-consistent calculation with variation after parity projection is proposed to study both ground and excited states of light nuclei. This procedure provides description of the ground state incorporating some correlation effects, and self-consistent solutions for the excited states of negative parity. For flexible description of nuclear shapes, single particle orbitals are represented on a uniform grid in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates. The angular momentum projection is performed after variation to calculate rotational spectra. To demonstrate the usefulness of the method, results are shown for two N=Z nuclei, 20Ne and 12C, for which clustering correlations are known to be important. In the 20Ne nucleus, both cluster-like and shell-model-like states are described simultaneously in the present framework. For 12C nucleus, the appearance of three-alpha clustering correlation in the ground state is investigated in relation to the strength of the two-body spin-orbit interaction.
description: 6 pages, revtex
Typhlosyrinx Thiele 1925
Creators: name: Bouchet, P.
name: Sysoev, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Raphitomidae
Typhlosyrinx

description: Typhlosyrinx Thiele, 1925
 Type species. Pleurotoma (Leucosyrinx) vepallida M artens, 1902 (gures 5–7), by original designation.
 Description. Shell rather large, adults about 40 mm high on average and up to 57 mm, with high spire, capacious last whorl and short canal. Protoconch with diagonally cancellated sculpture when multispiral (known in a single species). Axial sculpture of low-set ribs below whorl periphery on spire whorls only. Sinus occupying subsutural ramp, rather shallow and broad. Operculum absent. Radular teeth medium-sized, with barbed blade and short basal part.
description: Published as part of Bouchet, P. & Sysoev, A., 2001, Typhlosyrinx - like tropical deep-water turriform gastropods (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Conoidea), pp. 1693-1715 in Journal of Natural History 35 (11) on page 1694, DOI: 10.1080/002229301317092405, http://zenodo.org/record/4757180
THE AMERICAN TECHNOCRACY MOVEMENT: A CASE STUDY IN THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT
Creators: name: Davis, Charles H.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The intent of this inquiry is to provide an interpretative framework for understanding the nature and implications of the economic doctrine of the American Technocracy movement. The significance of Technocracy within the history of economic thought, in our opinion, has been addressed in a peripheral and superficial fashion. It has not been satisfactorily addressed in the literature from the perspective of the history of economic thought as viewed within the evolution of modern capitalist society. The approach must suited for this purpose is the sociology of knowledge. The specific model chosen to examine the dialectic between socio-economic reality and socio-economic thought is based on Jurgen Habermas' formulation of knowledge-guiding human interests, and the concept of legitimation. This method addresses historically the manner in which these knowledge-guiding human interests are either suppressed or given expression according to the dynamic of socio-economic conditions, determining at the same time the potential effect on human freedom. By exposing the American Technocracy movement under this light, the model proves to be of substantial heuristic value. The economic theory and ideology of Technocracy reflect the complete dominance of the technical interest at the expense of the practical and emancipatory interests in steering knowledge. All of Technocracy's articulations--philosophical, methodological, theoretical and practical, represent the guidance of social knowledge by the technical interest. This study will help clarify why at times the socio-economic problem is conceived predominantly in technocratic fashion, as principally a physical, technical, or engineering problem. The desire to suppress the practical interest and steer social knowledge strictly in accordance with the natural scientific method seems to arise during legitimation crisis. Socio-economic transformation generates political instability and thus brings into question the dominant or overarching meaning system. When uncertainty emerges concerning the validity of social norms and values--the organizing principles that function to hold society together, the whole system is threatened with chaos and there is a search for the appropriate instrumental means and values to restore order. Technocracy is an extreme example of this effort to control and manipulate that appears during the interwar period.
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET/DEFENSE DEPARTMENT RELATIONS, 1970-1986
Creators: name: Barber, Elizabeth Johnson
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: Numerous studies have shown that the Defense Department (DOD) suffers from poor performance in several key areas. These studies have not generally focused on an important source of DOD's problems: senior policy makers do not adequately integrate DOD's budgets and programs into overall national security objectives. Neither have they investigated intra-executive branch coordination involving the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) or OMB-DOD interaction. This dissertation addresses such matters. It examines OMB/DOD relations from 1970-1986, considering OMB's limited review of the defense budget and ensuing unaddressed defense problems. It also analyzes the suggestion that, with presidential backing, OMB could play a more influential role in ensuring that defense policy is coordinated with presidential objectives. This suggestion is addressed by examining the problems experienced when Congress established the Office of Federal Procurement Policy (OFPP), within OMB to unify federal procurement policy. DOD was responsible for 90 percent of government procurement and resisted OFPP's establishment and its reform initiatives. Largely as a result of DOD's resistance, OFPP was unsuccessful in attempts to unify federal procurement and procurement problems remain unaddressed. The intensity of DOD's resistance to OFPP demonstrates the difficulties that can be expected to plague procurement reform efforts. This study reveals that OMB would face significant constraints in assuming a major role in the oversight of defense reforms. Constraints include internal OMB limitations and the perceived legitimacy of such a role. This dissertation also offers some limited suggestions that would enable OMB--the President's central White House-level staff for budgetary matters--to play a more effective role in defense budget review. These limited recommendations include restoring OMB's staff size to pre-Reagan levels and discontinuing the joint OMB/DOD review of the defense budget. Obviously, OMB's effectiveness in defense budget review depends on the support of the President, Defense Secretary and Congress.