cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Social Constructivism – Society as Construction (in German)
Creators: name: Siebert, Horst
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: Constructivism is a theory of cognition based on the science of neurons that emphasizes the operational closeness and structure determination of the human perception and thinking processes. Learning as well is a self-acting, creative construction of knowledge. The learning process can be activated, but not directed by teaching efforts. The construction of knowledge is not only an individual mental process. On the one hand society itself constructs knowledge, on the other hand society is a result of constructions. The social constructivism, as conceived by P. Berger, T. Luckmann, J. Searle, K. Gergen, is especially inspiring for social science education. A differentiation between different forms of construction is suggested: reconstruction, deconstruction, self-construction, co-construction.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 2-2004: Constructivism
Simulating long-range coherence of atoms and photons in quantum computers
Creators: name: Torre, Emanuele G. Dalla
name: Reagor, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lasers and Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit macroscopic quantum coherence in seemingly unrelated ways. Lasers possess a well-defined global phase and are characterized by large fluctuations in the number of photons. In BECs of atoms, instead, the number of particles is conserved and the global phase is undefined. Here, we present a unified framework to simulate lasers and BECs states in gate-based quantum computers, by mapping bosonic particles to qubit excitations. Our approach relies on a scalable circuit that measures the total number of particles without destroying long-range coherence. We introduce complementary probes to measure the global and relative phase coherence of a quantum state, and demonstrate their functionality on a Rigetti quantum computer. Our work shows that particle-number conservation enhances long-range phase coherence, highlighting a mechanism used by superfluids and superconductors to gain phase stiffness.
description: 6+7 pages
Testing universal dark-matter caustic rings with galactic rotation curves
Creators: name: Davydov, D.
name: Troitsky, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infall of cold dark matter on a galaxy may result in caustic rings where the particle density is enhanced. They may be searched for as features in the galactic rotation curves. Previous studies suggested the evidence for these caustic rings with universal, that is common for different galaxies, parameters. Here we test this hypothesis with a large independent set of rotation curves by means of an improved statistical method. No evidence for universal caustic rings is found in the new analysis.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. V2: comparison with previous studies extended; version accepted by Phys. Lett. B
The Backward World of Economists – A Dilemma of Perception (in German)
Creators: name: Bendixen, Peter
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: Human acting has the form of a cycle that encloses phases of sensual perception and cognitive processing as mental efforts and phases of physical intervention in the world of things. Every acting, as well economic acting, is mentally prepared. Acting is subject to conditions of the physiology and psychology of thinking and engraved pictorial recollections of memory shaped by former experiences. Figures emanate that ought to be carried out. The traditional economy has closed itself to this wide, culturally affected cycle of thinking and acting and focuses on the mechanics of optimal arrangements of things, the so called production factors. Modern economic thinking has to open itself to the broad scope of its cognitive object and understand intellectual powers as the basics of economy.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 2-2004: Constructivism
CO/H2, C/CO, OH/CO, and OH/O2 in Dense Interstellar Gas: From High Ionization to Low Metallicity
Creators: name: Bialy, Shmuel
name: Sternberg, Amiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical computations and analytic scaling relations for interstellar ion-molecule gas phase chemistry down to very low metallicities ($ 10^{-3} \times$ solar), and/or up to high driving ionization rates. Relevant environments include the cool interstellar medium (ISM) in low-metallicity dwarf galaxies, early enriched clouds at the reionization and Pop-II star formation era, and in dense cold gas exposed to intense X-ray or cosmic-ray sources. We focus on the behavior for H$_2$, CO, CH, OH, H$_2$O and O$_2$, at gas temperatures $\sim 100$ K, characteristic of a cooled ISM at low metallicities. We consider shielded or partially shielded one-zone gas parcels, and solve the gas phase chemical rate equations for the steady-state "metal-molecule" abundances for a wide range of ionization parameters, $ζ/n$, and metallicties, $Z'$. We find that the OH abundances are always maximal near the H-to-H$_2$ conversion points, and that large OH abundances persist at very low metallicities even when the hydrogen is predominantly atomic. We study the OH/O$_2$, C/CO and OH/CO abundance ratios, from large to small, as functions of $ζ/n$ and $Z'$. Much of the cold dense ISM for the Pop-II generation may have been OH-dominated and atomic rather than CO-dominated and molecular.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (with some improvements following referee report). 22 pages, 17 figures
"What is My Part in It?" – The Importance of Constructivism for Historical-Political Learning in School (in German)
Creators: name: Völkel, Bärbel
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: The article at hand assumes that deprecating utterances of students with regard to history and politics classes could be a sign of a deficit of legitimization. Furthermore the writer hypothesizes that students are willing to deal with historical and political matters if they are able to derive an "active shaping of a sustainable path of life" (see Jung 2001, 17). In this context the importance of history as a historical social science is reflected. If we manage to enlarge the range of primary experiences of present with the secondary experiences of history it will be possible to construct "a tradition of acting". Consequently, changes can be perceived and ascribed to the acting of people in periods. According to this background, a more intensive cooperation between the social reference sciences history and politics seems to be preferable and essential. The cognitive model of constructivism composes the theoretical reference frame of the considerations at hand.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 2-2004: Constructivism
Editorial: Best Practice Performances of Model Curricula (Lehrkunst) and Lesson Study - Two Concepts and a Joint Venture in the Field of Subject Didactics?
Creators: name: Grammes, Tilman
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 1-2004: Best Practice Lessons and Lesson Study
Status and prospects for $CPT$ and Lorentz invariance violation searches in neutral meson mixing
Creators: name: van Tilburg, Jeroen
name: van Veghel, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview of current experimental bounds on $CPT$ violation in neutral meson mixing is given. New values for the $CPT$ asymmetry in the $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ systems are deduced from published BaBar, Belle and LHCb results. With dedicated analyses, LHCb will be able to further improve the bounds on $CPT$ violation in the $D^0$, $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ systems. Since $CPT$ violation implies violation of Lorentz invariance in an interacting local quantum field theory, the observed $CPT$ asymmetry will exhibit sidereal- and boost-dependent variations. Such $CPT$-violating and Lorentz-violating effects are accommodated in the framework of the Standard-Model Extension (SME). The large boost of the neutral mesons produced at LHCb results in a high sensitivity to the corresponding SME coefficients. For the $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ systems, using existing LHCb results, we determine with high precision the SME coefficients that are not varying with sidereal time. With a full sidereal analysis, LHCb will be able to improve the existing SME bounds in the $D^0$, $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ systems by up to two orders of magnitude.
description: 12 pages
RandStainNA: Learning Stain-Agnostic Features from Histology Slides by Bridging Stain Augmentation and Normalization
Creators: name: Shen, Yiqing
name: Luo, Yulin
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Ke, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stain variations often decrease the generalization ability of deep learning based approaches in digital histopathology analysis. Two separate proposals, namely stain normalization (SN) and stain augmentation (SA), have been spotlighted to reduce the generalization error, where the former alleviates the stain shift across different medical centers using template image and the latter enriches the accessible stain styles by the simulation of more stain variations. However, their applications are bounded by the selection of template images and the construction of unrealistic styles. To address the problems, we unify SN and SA with a novel RandStainNA scheme, which constrains variable stain styles in a practicable range to train a stain agnostic deep learning model. The RandStainNA is applicable to stain normalization in a collection of color spaces i.e. HED, HSV, LAB. Additionally, we propose a random color space selection scheme to gain extra performance improvement. We evaluate our method by two diagnostic tasks i.e. tissue subtype classification and nuclei segmentation, with various network backbones. The performance superiority over both SA and SN yields that the proposed RandStainNA can consistently improve the generalization ability, that our models can cope with more incoming clinical datasets with unpredicted stain styles. The codes is available at https://github.com/yiqings/RandStainNA.
description: 12 pages
Imaging of Alignment, Deformation and Dissociation of CS2 Molecules using Ultrafast Electron Diffraction
Creators: name: Yang, Jie
name: Beck, Joshua
name: Uiterwaal, Cornelis J.
name: Centurion, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging the structure of molecules in transient excited states remains a challenge due to the extreme requirements for spatial and temporal resolution. Ultrafast electron diffraction from aligned molecules (UEDAM) provides atomic resolution and allows for the retrieval of structural information without the need to rely on theoretical models. Here we use UEDAM and femtosecond laser mass spectrometry (FLMS) to investigate the dynamics in carbon disulfide (CS2) following the interaction with an intense femtosecond laser pulse. We have retrieved images of ground state and excited molecules with 0.03 Å precision. We have observed that the degree of alignment reaches an upper limit at laser intensities below the ionization threshold, and found evidence of structural deformation, dissociation, and ionization at higher laser intensities.
Versatile tuning of Kerr soliton microcombs in crystalline microresonators
Creators: name: Fujii, Shun
name: Wada, Koshiro
name: Sugano, Ryo
name: Kumazaki, Hajime
name: Kogure, Soma
name: Kato, Yuichiro K.
name: Tanabe, Takasumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microresonator-based optical frequency combs emitted from high-quality-factor microresonators, also known as microcombs, have opened up new horizons to areas of optical frequency comb technology including frequency metrology, precision sensing, and optical communication. To extend the capability of microcombs for such applications, large and reliable tunability is of critical importance. Here, we show broad spectral tuning of Kerr soliton microcombs in a thermally controlled crystalline microresonator with pump-detuning stabilization. The fundamental elements composing frequency combs, namely the center frequency, repetition frequency, and carrier-envelope offset frequency, are spectrally tuned by up to -48.8 GHz, -5.85 MHz, and -386 MHz, respectively, leveraging thermal effects in ultrahigh-Q crystalline magnesium fluoride resonators. We further demonstrate a 3.4-fold enhancement of soliton comb power resulting from thermal expansion with a temperature change of only 28 K by employing quantitative analyses of the fiber-to-resonator coupling efficiency.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
title: Instagram-Account @eva.stories
Creators: name: Hackstock, Paula Eva Maria
Year: 2022

description: In der vorliegenden Masterarbeit wird der Instagram Account @eva.stories herangezogen, um das historische Lernen anhand von Social Media Accounts zu untersuchen. Mittels einer Literaturrecherche wird die Vielfalt von Medien im Unterricht beleuchtet. Im Anschluss daran folgt die Auswertung eines Fragebogens über die Erfahrungen von Schülerinnen und Schülern der Sekundarstufe 1 und 2 eines Gymnasiums in Eisenstadt mit Social Media. 298 von 299 Befragten geben an Social Media zu nutzen. Ebenso sind auch historische Accounts den Schülerinnen und Schülern bekannt. Relativ unbekannt ist der Account @eva.stories. Dieser wird in Kapitel 3 nach der Methodik der Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring bearbeitet. Aufbauend auf der Analyse und den Ergebnissen des Fragebogens werden Unterrichtseinheiten für die Sekundarstufe 1 und die Sekundarstufe 2 vorgestellt. Anhand der Auswertung des Fragebogens und der Rechercheergebnisse wird aufgezeigt, dass Instagram Accounts das historische Lernen fördern.
"Lehrkunstdidaktik" - Framework and Example of a Definite "Inhaltsdidaktik"
Creators: name: Berg, Hans Christoph
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: According to our experience, didactics as integration of method, subject (syllabi or curricula), and organisation of teaching on the one hand and of theory of education and formation (Bildung) on the other hand is most likely to succeed by concentrating on the composition of Lehrstücke in a case-work manner, which mean not only construction but also composition of the regular teaching units of 10-25 lessons. These regular teaching units are usually thematically, methodologically, and organisationally coherent and now they are developed and composed in three plus one steps: Firstly, the Lehrkunstdidaktik selects only teaching units concerning culturally and educationally as well as personally central subjects, i. e. epochally important humane subjects. Secondly, the Lehrkunstdidaktik composes these teaching units according to, what Lehrkunst calls, the "triad of exemplary-genetical-dramaturgical method". Thirdly, the organisation of teaching orients itself towards culturally authentic learning places, learning times and learning forms. Finally fourthly: all subjects, methods and organisations of teaching have to account for the claims of the theory of education and formation (Bildung). Thus they have to stand the question whether such a teaching unit really has succeeded in combining the free development of the personality with a deep understanding of the world. Only then the teaching unit has become a Lehrstück. In the designing of teaching units to Lehrstücke more than thirty Lehrstücke have arisen on the traces of Wagenschein within the last twenty years. In this process the working manner of the Kollegiale Lehrkunstwerkstatt, a collegial working group of teachers, has proven fine. The same goes for the compositional product of casuistic, enlightened subjective teaching reports, nearly "novels of education" as well as for an overall orientation of didactics not only to the sciences, but also to the arts, thus Lehrkunstdidaktik. In a lexicon of theatre plays there are many hundred works described; we are dreaming of a little lexicon of Lehrstücke. Lately the perspective has arisen that the teaching of Lehrstücke, Lehrstückunterricht, can offer a contribution to the educational teaching development.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 1-2004: Best Practice Lessons and Lesson Study
Generalized Multiscale Finite-Element Method (GMsFEM) for elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous, anisotropic media
Creators: name: Gao, Kai
name: Fu, Shubin
name: Gibson, Richard L.
name: Chung, Eric T.
name: Efendiev, Yalchin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is important to develop fast yet accurate numerical methods for seismic wave propagation to characterize complex geological structures and oil and gas reservoirs. However, the computational cost of conventional numerical modeling methods, such as finite-difference method and finite-element method, becomes prohibitively expensive when applied to very large models. We propose a Generalized Multiscale Finite-Element Method (GMsFEM) for elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous, anisotropic media, where we construct basis functions from multiple local problems for both the boundaries and interior of a coarse node support or coarse element. The application of multiscale basis functions can capture the fine scale medium property variations, and allows us to greatly reduce the degrees of freedom that are required to implement the modeling compared with conventional finite-element method for wave equation, while restricting the error to low values. We formulate the continuous Galerkin and discontinuous Galerkin formulation of the multiscale method, both of which have pros and cons. Applications of the multiscale method to three heterogeneous models show that our multiscale method can effectively model the elastic wave propagation in anisotropic media with a significant reduction in the degrees of freedom in the modeling system.
Crystal structure on rigged configurations and the filling map
Creators: name: Schilling, Anne
name: Scrimshaw, Travis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 05A19, 05E10, 81R50

description: In this paper, we extend work of the first author on a crystal structure on rigged configurations of simply-laced type to all non-exceptional affine types using the technology of virtual rigged configurations and crystals. Under the bijection between rigged configurations and tensor products of Kirillov-Reshetikhin crystals specialized to a single tensor factor, we obtain a new tableaux model for Kirillov-Reshetikhin crystals. This is related to the model in terms of Kashiwara-Nakashima tableaux via a filling map, generalizing the recently discovered filling map in type $D_n^{(1)}$.
description: 45 pages
Tunable superconducting flux qubits with long coherence times
Creators: name: Chang, T.
name: Cohen, T.
name: Holzman, I.
name: Catelani, G.
name: Stern, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study a series of tunable flux qubits inductively coupled to a coplanar waveguide resonator fabricated on a sapphire substrate. Each qubit includes an asymmetric superconducting quantum interference device which is controlled by the application of an external magnetic field and acts as a tunable Josephson junction. The tunability of the qubits is typically $\pm 3.5$ GHz around their central gap frequency. The measured relaxation times are limited by dielectric losses in the substrate and can attain $T_{1}\sim 8 μs$. The echo dephasing times are limited by flux noise even at optimal points and reach $T_{2E}\sim 4 μs$, almost an order of magnitude longer than state of the art for tunable flux qubits.
description: Supplementary Materials is at the end of the file
Recognizing the fingerprints of the Galactic bar: a quantitative approach to comparing model (l,v) distributions to observation
Creators: name: Sormani, Mattia C.
name: Magorrian, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for fitting simple hydrodynamical models to the (l,v) distribution of atomic and molecular gas observed in the Milky Way. The method works by matching features found in models and observations. It is based on the assumption that the large-scale features seen in (l,v) plots, such as ridgelines and the terminal velocity curve, are influenced primarily by the underlying large-scale Galactic potential and are only weakly dependent on local ISM heating and cooling processes. In our scheme one first identifies by hand the features in the observations: this only has to be done once. We describe a procedure for automatically extracting similar features from simple hydrodynamical models and quantifying the "distance" between each model's features and the observations. Application to models of the Galactic Bar region (|l|<30deg) shows that our feature-fitting method performs better than χ^2 or envelope distances at identifying the correct underlying galaxy model.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Core Curriculum: Strategies for Searching for a Lesson Model in Social and Civic Education, and Its Criteria
Creators: name: Grammes, Tilman
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: "Best Practice" performances of model curricula and lessons/units (Lehrstücke) – do they exist in social and civic education? This article demonstrates eight strategies and concepts of the subject throughout history in order to identify a tradition. Those model curricula are based on different levels of general education according to Wolfgang Klafki: 'Fundamental', 'Exemplary', 'Typical', 'Classical', and 'Representative'. The so-called paradigm of categorical conflict didactics (kategoriale Konfliktdidaktik) leads to a logical core curriculum which enables students to discover and reflect the processes of decision-making in everyday democracy which are value based. Three modes of acting out this grammar and the logic of politics in the classroom are shown. Development of such lesson models is especially recommended as a pragmatic strategy of medium-term curriculum reform in periods of public financial shortage to maintain standards in social studies education.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 1-2004: Best Practice Lessons and Lesson Study
$χ_{c1}(2p)$: an overshadowed charmoniumlike resonance
Creators: name: Bruschini, R.
name: González, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough study of the $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ elastic $D^{0}\bar{D}^{\ast0}$ and $D^{+}D^{\ast-}$ scattering, where the form of the meson-meson interaction is inferred from lattice QCD calculations of string breaking, is carried out for center-of-mass energies up to 4 GeV. We show that the presence of $χ_{c1}(3872)$, which can be naturally assigned to either a bound or virtual charmoniumlike state close below the $D^{0}\bar{D}^{\ast0}$ threshold, can overshadow a quasiconventional charmoniumlike resonance lying above threshold. This makes difficult the experimental detection of this resonance through the $D^{0}\bar{D}^{\ast0}$ and $D^{+}D^{\ast-}$ channels, despite being its expected main decay modes. We analyze alternative strong and electromagnetic decay modes. Comparison with existing data shows that this resonance may have already been observed through its decay to $ωJ/ψ$.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures; v2: updated figures, expanded text, new references, updated acknowledgements, additional minor changes; v3: version accepted for publication in JHEP, format change to single column, major additions to sections 2 and 3, section 6 has become section 5 and it has been expanded with a new subsection, one new figure, updated bibliography, other minor modifications
The Genetic Principle as a Link between Everyday Knowledge and Politics - The Art-of-Teaching Workshop about the Topic "Future"
Creators: name: Petrik, Andreas
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: This article demonstrates, how didactics of social sciences can turn its focus from theoretical conceptions to the arrangement of learning processes. It simulates a best practice ("Lehrkunst") workshop (I.1.) which compares seven teaching units about the key topic "future" (I.2.). Two typical problems become concrete: exchangeable topics and the transfer to abstract categories. The genetic principle is introduced as a possible remedy: It combines categories with concepts and chooses special topics ("exemplars") that involve students in processes of discovery (II.3.). The concept "future" (Prognosis – Utopia – Political Planning) (I.4.) can be taught in several genetic ways: concentrating on the student's political ideas (individual genesis, II.1.), on the development of scientific findings and social inventions (scientific genesis and genesis of ideas, II.2.), on the simulation of political processes in "embryonic societies" (spontaneous or institutional genesis, II.3.), on the establishment of social innovations and on the historical development of political ideas (historical and human genesis, both II.4.). Conclusion: The genetic principle appears to be a helpful instrument for developing the core curriculum of civic education (II.5.)
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 1-2004: Best Practice Lessons and Lesson Study
title: Stimmton, Stimmgabelverifikation und Stimmgabelexperimente
Creators: name: Traint, Julia
Year: 2022

description: Mit der internationalen Stimmtonkonferenz in Wien im Jahre 1885 bekamen Physiker an der Universität Wien die Aufgabe der Stimmgabelverifikation. Dieses Amt existierte bis 1938. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt und untersucht die Stimmgabeln und Stimmgabelapparate der physikhistorischen Sammlung der Universität Wien. Diese Objekte sind um das Jahr 1900, teilweise auch ein bis zwei Jahrzehnte davor zu datieren. Es werden nicht nur einzelne Stimmgabel-Sets, sondern auch elektromagnetisch angeregte Stimmgabeln und unterschiedlichste Geräte erkundet, bei denen eine Stimmgabel ein Bestandteil ist, wie zum Beispiel die Stimmgabeluhr, das Vibrationsmikroskop, der Stimmgabelunterbrecher und der Stimmgabelresonator. Die Frequenzen der ausgewählten Stimmgabeln werden mittels Mikrofon und Oszilloskop oder auch mittels der Software Audacity überprüft. Die Beziehung zwischen Zinkenlänge und Frequenz wird für die große Stimmgabelkassette von Rudolph Koenig erfolgreich überprüft, ebenso gilt eine vergleichbare Beziehung für die Stahlstäbe zur Überprüfung der Hörgrenze. Leichte und schnelle Experimente sind beispielsweise mit zwei Stimmgabeln erzeugte Schwebungen oder die Verstärkung der Schwingung mit einem Resonator. Diese einfachen Experimente können leicht auch im Physikunterricht eingebaut werden. Aufwändiger sind die durchgeführten Experimente zur Erzeugung von Lissajous-Figuren mittels zweier verspiegelter Stimmgabeln und Laserstrahl oder auch mittels Vibrationsmikroskop.
description: It was a consequence of the international pitch standard conference 1885 in Vienna that physicists at the University of Vienna got the task of calibrating tuning forks. This office existed until 1938. In this thesis the tuning forks and tuning fork apparatus from the physical-historical collection of the University of Vienna are described and examined. These objects can be dated around 1900, in some cases even one to two decades earlier. Not only individual tuning fork sets are explored, but also electromagnetically operated tuning forks and a wide variety of devices, in which a tuning fork is an integral part, such as the tuning fork watch, the vibrating microscope, the tuning fork interrupter and the tuning fork resonator are studied. Using a microphone, an oscilloscope or the software Audacity, the frequencies of the selected tuning forks are reexamined. The existence of a correlation between tine length and frequency for Rudolph Koenig’s large tuning fork cassette is successfully verified, as well as, comparably, for steel rods used for testing the limit of hearing. Simple and fast experiments that can easily be incorporated into physics lessons are, for example, beats generated with two tuning forks or the amplification of the vibration with a resonator. However, the experiments carried out to create Lissajous‘ figures using two mirrored tuning forks and a laser beam or a vibration microscope are more complex.
The scaling limits of the non critical strip wetting model
Creators: name: Sohier, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The strip wetting model is defined by giving a (continuous space) one dimensionnal random walk $S$ a reward $\gb$ each time it hits the strip $\R^{+} \times [0,a]$ (where $a$ is a positive parameter), which plays the role of a defect line. We show that this model exhibits a phase transition between a delocalized regime ($\gb < \gb_{c}^{a}$) and a localized one ($\gb > \gb_{c}^{a}$), where the critical point $\gb_{c}^{a} > 0$ depends on $S$ and on $a$. In this paper we give a precise pathwise description of the transition, extracting the full scaling limits of the model. Our approach is based on Markov renewal theory.
description: 32 pages. To appear in "Stochastic Processes and their Applications"
DATS-6103-Individual-Project-2-Jake-Lieberfarb
Creators: name: Lieberfarb, Jake
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Hello! This is an analysis of storm events from 2018-2019 to see which state and county are the safest for an individual to life. Data was pulled from a NOAA dataset (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/ftp.jsp). "Safe" is defined as the state which sees low total property damage brought on by storm events proportional to its size. Below are the questions and their corresponding visuals asked to get to the final conclusion on which state and county are the safest for someone to live in. If you have any questions, please reach out to me at Jakelieberfarb@gmail.com other links: Jake's github page: https://github.com/Jcolt2997/DATS-6103-Individual-Project-2-Jake-Lieberfarb--project-files Jake's github.io page: https://jcolt2997.github.io/DATS-6103-Individual-Project-2-Jake-Lieberfarb
Connecting GRBs and ULIRGs: A Sensitive, Unbiased Survey for Radio Emission from Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies at 0
Creators: name: Perley, D. A.
name: Perley, R. A.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminous infrared galaxies and submillimeter galaxies contribute significantly to stellar mass assembly and the frequency of GRBs in these systems provides an important test of the connection between the gamma-ray burst rate and that of overall cosmic star-formation. We present sensitive 3 GHz radio observations using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array of 32 uniformly-selected GRB host galaxies spanning a redshift range from 0 < z < 2.5, providing the first fully dust- and sample-unbiased measurement of the fraction of GRBs originating from the Universe's most bolometrically luminous galaxies. Four galaxies are detected, with inferred radio star-formation rates ranging between 50-300 Msun/yr. Three of the four detections correspond to events consistent with being optically-obscured "dark" bursts. Our overall detection fraction implies that between 9-23% of GRBs between 0.5 < z < 2.5 occur in galaxies with S_3GHz > 10 uJy, corresponding to SFR >50 Msun/yr at z~1 or >250 Msun/yr at z~2. Similar galaxies contribute approximately 10-30% of all cosmic star-formation, so our results are consistent with a GRB rate which is not strongly biased with respect to the total star-formation rate of a galaxy. However, all four radio-detected hosts have modest stellar masses (~few x 10^10 Msun), significantly lower than IR/submillimeter-selected field galaxies of similar luminosities. We suggest that the GRB rate may be suppressed in metal-rich environments but independently enhanced in intense starbursts, producing a strong efficiency dependence on mass but little net dependence on bulk galaxy star-formation rate.
description: Accepted to ApJ
In Search for the Best Constitution
Creators: name: Leps, Horst
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2004

description: "What is the best constitution and the best form of life for most nations and mankind? It is first, a form of everyday life that the majority of people is able to conduct, and which is the constitution most nations could adapt to easily." (Aristotle) Till today, this Aristotelian question is the central question of political philosophy and institution building. To solve this question, on the one hand Aristotle referred back to a concept by Herodot, which distinguishes between monarchy, oligarchy and democracy. On the other hand, he used the analysis made by Plato in his famous work "Politeia". Aristotle collected, described and compared about 158 constitutions of his time. He discovered two basic conditions which guarantee a stable community and are suitable for ordinary people: a well balanced social structure and possibilities for participation that are accessible to all social groups. Pupils are involved in this historical process of social discovery by simulation and thinking exercises. During the project they experience practically and work out theoretically the possible threat to community and state institutions. They create their favourite political system - partly from their own imagination and partly by consulting the work of Aristotle. Finally they design a social and a political system. In doing so they gain knowledge and deep insight in respect to the tasks and difficulties that a political system should be able to cope with and solve. This will lead them, in the future, to a better understanding of their own nation's constitution.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 1-2004: Best Practice Lessons and Lesson Study
Cold interactions between an Yb$^+$ ion and a Li atom: Prospects for sympathetic cooling, radiative association, and Feshbach resonances
Creators: name: Tomza, Michał
name: Koch, Christiane P.
name: Moszynski, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of the (LiYb)$^+$ molecular ion is investigated with two variants of the coupled cluster method restricted to single, double, and noniterative or linear triple excitations. Potential energy curves for the ground and excited states, permanent and transition electric dipole movements, and long-range interaction coefficients $C_4$ and $C_6$ are reported. The data is subsequently employed in scattering calculations and photoassociation studies. Feshbach resonances are shown to be measurable despite the ion's micromotion in the Paul trap. Molecular ions can be formed in their singlet electronic ground state by one-photon photoassociation and in triplet states by two-photon photoassociation; and control of cold atom-ion chemistry based on Feshbach resonances should be feasible. Conditions for sympathetic cooling of an Yb$^+$ ion by an ultracold gas of Li atoms are found to be favorable in the temperature range of 10$\,$mK to 10$\,$nK; and further improvements using Feshbach resonances should be possible. Overall, these results suggest excellent prospects for building a quantum simulator with ultracold Yb$^+$ ions and Li atoms.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
New constraint on neutrino magnetic moment and neutrino millicharge from LUX-ZEPLIN dark matter search results
Creators: name: Corona, M. Atzori
name: Bonivento, W. M.
name: Cadeddu, M.
name: Cargioli, N.
name: Dordei, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic neutrino-electron scattering represents a powerful tool to investigate key neutrino properties. In view of the recent results released by the LUX-ZEPLIN collaboration, we provide a first determination of the limits achievable on the neutrino magnetic moment and neutrino millicharge, whose effect becomes non-negligible in some beyond the Standard Model theories. In this context, we evaluate and discuss the impact of different approximations to describe the neutrino interaction with atomic electrons. The new LUX-ZEPLIN data allows us to set a very competitive limit on the neutrino magnetic moment when compared to the other laboratory bounds, namely $μ_ν^{\rm{eff}} < 1.1 \times 10^{-11} \, μ_{\text{B}}$ at 90$\%$ C.L., which improves by a factor of 2.5 the Borexino collaboration limit and represents the second best world limit after the recent XENONnT result. Moreover, exploiting the so-called equivalent photon approximation, we obtain the most stringent limit on the neutrino millicharge, namely $|q_ν^{\rm{eff}}| < 1.5 \times 10^{-13} e_0$ at 90$\%$ C.L., which represents a great improvement with respect to the previous laboratory bounds.
description: Matches the version published in PRD
ЎЗБЕКИСТОНДА НОРАСМИЙ БАНДЛИК ДАРАЖАСИНИ ПАСАЙТИРИШ ЙЎНАЛИШЛАРИ
Creators: name: Садуллаев, Ш.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикаси меҳнат бозорида норасмий бандлик шакллари пайдо бўлиши, уни оқибатлари, ҳамда меҳнат муносабатларининг  ушбу шаклларини қисқартириш масалалари ёритиб берилган.
Shocking news - a polarising study of a tidal disruption event
Creators: name: Koljonen, Karri
name: Liodakis, Yannis
name: Lindfors, Elina
name: Hovatta, Talvikki
name: Berton, Marco
name: Jormanainen, Jenni
name: Nilsson, Kari
name: Blinov, Dmitry
name: Alexander, Kate
name: Kouroumpatzakis, Konstantinos
name: Mandrakas, Nikos
name: Hajela, Aprajita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Supermassive black holes have been known to disrupt passing stars producing outbursts called tidal disruption events (TDEs) offering a unique view on the early stages of the accretion disk and jet formation. The advent of large-scale optical time-domain surveys has significantly increased the number of known events and challenged our understanding of their dynamics and emission pro- cesses. Especially, the so-called optical TDEs have shown late-time X-ray and radio emission years after the optical peak emission indicating delayed accretion disk formation and long timescales for the circularization process. In this seminar, I will present our study on the most polarized TDE up-to-date without any indication of contribution from a jet to the emission. Our observations demonstrate that optical TDE emission can be powered by tidal stream shocks.
Convexity of the entanglement energy of SU($2N$)-symmetric fermions with attractive interactions
Creators: name: Drut, Joaquín E.
name: Porter, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The positivity of the probability measure of attractively interacting systems of $2N$-component fermions enables the derivation of an exact convexity property for the ground-state energy of such systems. Using analogous arguments, applied to path-integral expressions for the $n$-th Rényi entanglement entropy $S^{}_n$ derived recently, we prove non-perturbative analytic relations for the entanglement energies $\mathcal E^{}_n$ of those systems defined via $\mathcal{E}^{}_n \equiv \frac{n-1}{n}T S^{}_n + F$ where $β= 1/T$ is the extent of the imaginary time direction and $-βF = \ln \mathcal Z$ where $\mathcal Z$ is the partition sum appropriate to the temperature. These relations are valid for all sub-system sizes, particle numbers and dimensions, and in arbitrary external trapping potentials.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; original replaced with corrected version. Merges published version and associated erratum
Morphological characterization of culturable cyanobacteria isolated from selected extreme ecosystems of Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Bowange, RWTMRTK
name: Jayasinghe, MMPM
name: Yakandawala, DMD
name: Kumara, KLW
name: Abeynayake, Shamila
name: Ratnayake, RR
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3103
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 3001
subject: Agricultural biotechnology
subject: FOS: Agricultural biotechnology
classificationCode: 4017
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Morphologically diverse cyanobacteria significantly contribute to higher microbial diversity in all Sri Lankan ecosystems. They promote promising, safe and low-cost natural alternative solutions for current global demand including food shortage, poverty, deteriorating health patterns, and environmental degradation. Only a few studies have recorded cyanobacterial diversity in some local extreme ecosystems such as hot water springs but most of them remain unexplored. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate cyanobacterial abundance and diversity in selected extreme ecosystems of Sri Lanka based on the morphological characterization. Water sampling was carried out in selected salt marshes and salt pans, mangroves, hot water springs, and lagoons. Purified, monocultures were isolated by subsequent plate and liquid culturing in BG 11 and GO (N-free) media. Isolated monocultures were morphologically characterized using microscopic images photographed with IMAGE FOCUS 4.0 software. Among 143 isolates, 18 cyanobacterial genera namely: Leptolyngbya, Oscillatoria, Nodosilinea, Anabaena, Geitlerinema, Gloeocapsa, Microcystis, Nostoc, Synechococcus, Lyngbya, Spirulina, Limnothrix, Pseudanabaena, Wilmottia/ Phormidium, and Fischerella could be identified. Among them, one unidentified genera of Chroococcales, Oscillatoriales, and Nostocales were recorded. Salt marshes and salt pans showed the highest cyanobacterial diversity, Leptolyngbya being the most abundant genus. Pseudanabaena was the most abundant genus recorded in hot water springs. This study provides basic infomation of cyanobacteria diversity and abundance in extreme ecosystems in Sri Lanka for future related research and industrial applications, highlighting the necessity of their conservation.
Supersymmetric Sub-Electroweak Scale Dark Matter, the Galactic Center Gamma-ray Excess, and Exotic Decays of the 125 GeV Higgs Boson
Creators: name: Huang, Jinrui
name: Liu, Tao
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
name: Yu, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our exploration of the nearly Peccei-Quinn symmetric limit shared by common singlet extensions of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. This limit has been established as a viable framework for studying sub-electroweak scale dark matter phenomenology and has interesting and direct connections to new exotic Higgs decay physics. We present analytic calculations to motivate the important phenomenological features mentioned above. We also discuss benchmark points in this model framework that accommodate the observed Galactic Center gamma ray excess. We emphasize connections between phenomenology of dark matter direct detection and indirect detection, and new exotic decay channels for the 125 GeV Higgs boson. We conclude by identifying two benchmark modes of exotic Higgs decays for $h \to τ^+ τ^- \mbox{${\not\! E}_{\rm T}$}$ and $h \to b \bar{b} \mbox{${\not\! E}_{\rm T}$}$ final states and estimate their sensitivity prospects at the LHC.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures; v2, minor edits, references added
Editorial: JSSE Special Issue European Year of Citizenship through Education
Creators: name: Birzea, Cesar
name: Losito, Bruno
name: Veldhuis, Ruud
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2005

description: Kein Abstract vorhanden No Abstract available
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 3-2005: European Year of Citizenship through Education
Robust Simulation-Based Inference in Cosmology with Bayesian Neural Networks
Creators: name: Lemos, Pablo
name: Cranmer, Miles
name: Abidi, Muntazir
name: Hahn, ChangHoon
name: Eickenberg, Michael
name: Massara, Elena
name: Yallup, David
name: Ho, Shirley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simulation-based inference (SBI) is rapidly establishing itself as a standard machine learning technique for analyzing data in cosmological surveys. Despite continual improvements to the quality of density estimation by learned models, applications of such techniques to real data are entirely reliant on the generalization power of neural networks far outside the training distribution, which is mostly unconstrained. Due to the imperfections in scientist-created simulations, and the large computational expense of generating all possible parameter combinations, SBI methods in cosmology are vulnerable to such generalization issues. Here, we discuss the effects of both issues, and show how using a Bayesian neural network framework for training SBI can mitigate biases, and result in more reliable inference outside the training set. We introduce cosmoSWAG, the first application of Stochastic Weight Averaging to cosmology, and apply it to SBI trained for inference on the cosmic microwave background.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Preliminary version accepted at the ML4Astro Machine Learning for Astrophysics Workshop at the Thirty-ninth International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2022). Final version published at Machine Learning: Science and Technology
Democratic School Engagement and Civic Participation among European Adolescents: Analysis of Data from the IEA Civic Education Study
Creators: name: Torney-Purta, Judith
name: Barber, Carolyn
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2005

description: Kein Abstract vorhanden No Abstract available
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 3-2005: European Year of Citizenship through Education