cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Camponotus substitutus Emery
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus substitutus

description: Camponotus substitutus Emery 1894c.
Camponotus melanoticus var. substitutus Emery 1894: 3. [w syntypes examined, MCSN; Salinus, S. Beni, Bolivia (Balzan)].
Camponotus landolti r. substitutus Emery. Forel 1899c: 136.
Camponotus melanoticus var. multipilis Forel 1907d: 10. NEW SYNONYMY. [w, m, q syntypes examined, MHNG; Estancia Postillón, Puerto Max a. Rio Paraguay, N. Paraguay (Louis Des Arts jr.)]
Camponotus (Myrmoturba) melanoticus var. multipilis Forel. Bruch 1914: 229.
Camponotus (Myrmoturba) melanoticus subsp. substitutus Emery. Bruch 1914: 229.
Camponotus maculatus st. substitutus Emery. Santschi 1916: 396.
Camponotus fumidus st. substitutus Emery. Santschi 1922b: 101.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) substitutus Emery. Emery 1925: 82.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) substitutus var. multipilis Forel. Emery 1925: 83.
Camponotus substitutus is among the more commonly encountered Camponotus in open and disturbed habitats, particularly in the chaco and near the Rio Paraguay in eastern Paraguay. This ant can be distinguished from other large Paraguayan Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) by the following combination of character states: numerous (>20) suberect to subdecumbent setae on the sides of the head in the major caste; scape of the major simple, not flattened at base; and striking bicoloration in all female castes, with gastric tergites 1-3 (=abd. tergites 3-6) bearing yellowish-white antero-lateral spots contrasting with a dark brown to black central area. Forel’s types of C. substitutus multipilis are more pilose than most Paraguayan collections of C. substitutus, but still within the range of variation of the species. As I can find no other characters that distinguish C. multipilis from C. substitutus I synonymize it here.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 49
Hippocampus mohnikei Bleeker 1853
Creators: name: Sara A. Lourie
name: Riley A. Pollom
name: Sarah J. Foster
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Syngnathiformes
Syngnathidae
Hippocampus
Hippocampus mohnikei

description: H. mohnikei Bleeker 1853
English common names. Japanese Seahorse.
Synonyms. H. japonicus Kaup 1856.
Distribution. Cambodia, China (including Province of Taiwan), India (eastern), Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Singapore and Viet Nam (see Aylesworth et al. 2016).
Holotype. RMNH 7259.
Type locality. Kaminoseki Island, Japan.
Notes. Both H. mohnikei and H. japonicus were described from Japan and examination of their type specimens shows them to be the same species (Appendix J). Specimens from elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific morphologically conform to H. mohnikei, and differ genetically (e.g. Japanese and Vietnamese specimens differ by an average of 2.25%—648 bp, CO1, BOLD 2016), indicating that there is the possibility of cryptic species within what we know as H. mohnikei. Zhang et al. (2014) found an overall nucleotide diversity of 0.35% between the two populations sampled from northern China (780 bp, cyt b).
description: Published as part of Sara A. Lourie, Riley A. Pollom & Sarah J. Foster, 2016, A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 4146 (1) on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/268078
Camponotus coloratus Wild, 2007, NEW STATUS
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus coloratus

description: Camponotus coloratus Forel 1904a. NEW STATUS.
Camponotus melanoticus v. colorata Forel 1904a: 49. [holotype w examined, MHNG; Ciénaga, Columbia].
Camponotus (Myrmoturba) melanoticus var. colorata Forel. Bruch 1914: 229.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) substitutus var. colorata Forel. Emery 1925: 83.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) substitutus var. coloratus Forel. Kempf 1972: 72.
Camponotus coloratus cannot be considered conspecific with C. substitutus. Both ants are locally sympatric in the Paraguayan chaco without signs of hybridization. These species share a similar striking bicoloration (see discussion under C. substitutus), but workers of C. coloratus, in addition to being on average larger than workers of C. substitutus, have disproportionately longer legs, a more opaque microsculpture, and considerably reduced pilosity with the sides of the head of the major bearing fewer than 5 standing setae. Paraguayan material is lighter in color and with a broader head in the major caste than Forel’s type from Colombia, but given the allopatric nature of the variation I see no reason to divide C. coloratus further.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 49
Camponotus vagulus Wild, 2007, NEW STATUS
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus vagulus

description: Camponotus vagulus Forel 1908b. NEW STATUS.
Camponotus fastigatus subsp. vagulus Forel 1908b: 403. [w syntypes examined, MHNG; São Paulo, Brazil (v. Ihering)]
Camponotus (Myrmaphaenus) fastigatus subsp. vagula Forel. Emery 1925: 155.
Camponotus (Myrmaphaenus) fastigatus vagulus Forel. Kempf 1972: 46.
Camponotus fastigatus has been interpreted broadly by Forel, Emery, and Santschi, who each named subspecies based on forms that are distinct from C. fastigatus in head shape, mesonotal structure, and pilosity. It is unlikely that any of these subspecies, including Forel’s C. vagulus, are truly conspecific as they maintain their differences in broad sympatry in southern South America.
With minor workers approaching only 3mm in length, Camponotus vagulus is one of the smallest Camponotus in the region. This ant co-occurs with C. fastigatus throughout eastern Paraguay and shows similar associations with open or edge habitats. Both ants share a robust build, a strong medial clypeal carina, and short antennal scapes that in repose fall well short of the posterior cephalic margin. However, differences between the two are numerous. In full face view, the head of the major of C. vagulus is rectangular, over 1. 1x longer than broad, with sides straight and subparallel, while the head of C. fastigatus is rounded, about as long as broad, with the sides clearly convex. The integument of C.vagulus over most of the body has little microsculpture, giving the ant a characteristic shiny appearance, while that of C. fastigatus is opaque. The pubescence of C. vagulus is shorter and more difficult to see than that of C. fastigatus, and the head of both worker castes in C. vagulus is lighter in color near the mandibular insertions. In light of the numerous differences in sympatry between the forms, the case for raising C. vagulus to species is unambiguous.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 50
Hippocampus paradoxus Foster & Gomon 2010
Creators: name: Sara A. Lourie
name: Riley A. Pollom
name: Sarah J. Foster
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Syngnathiformes
Syngnathidae
Hippocampus
Hippocampus paradoxus

description: H. paradoxus Foster & Gomon 2010
English common names. Paradoxical Seahorse. Synonyms. None.
Holotype. SAMA F10490.
Type locality. SW of Esperance, Australia.
Distribution. Australia (southwest).
Notes. This species is known only from the holotype. It is closely related to H. minotaur (Foster & Gomon 2010).
description: Published as part of Sara A. Lourie, Riley A. Pollom & Sarah J. Foster, 2016, A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 4146 (1) on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/268078
Additional file 4 of Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) as a potential auxiliary biomarker for predicting adaptability to anti-HER2 drug treatment in breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Cheng, Tzu-Chun
name: Hung, Mien-Chie
name: Wang, Lu-Hai
name: Tu, Shih-Hsin
name: Wu, Chih-Hsiung
name: Yen, Yun
name: Chen, Chi-Long
name: Whang-Peng, Jacqueline
name: Lee, Wen-Jui
name: Liao, You-Cheng
name: Lee, Yu-Ching
name: Pan, Min-Hsiung
name: Lin, Hui-Kuan
name: Tzeng, Huey-En
name: Guo, Peixuan
name: Chu, Cheng-Ying
name: Chen, Li-Ching
name: Ho, Yuan-Soon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4 HNMT expression affected the binding affinity of TNBC tumor cells for trastuzumab. (A) Western blot analysis of HNMT and HER2 protein expression in SKBR3 cells transfected with the vector or with the HNMT siRNA alone, the HER2 siRNA alone, or the combined HNMT/HER2 siRNA. (B) Schematic diagram of the timeline for DOX (5 μg/mL)-induced HNMT expression via the T-RExTM system (pcDNA5/TO-HNMT and pcDNA6/TR vectors) at time-dependent manner (0, 24, and 48 h). (C-D) Western blotting (C) and flow cytometric analysis (D) are shown. (E) Western blotting confirmed the protein expression of HNMT and HER2 in TNBC cells harboring the vector or overexpressing HNMT. (F) In the above cells (E), flow cytometry was used to detect the binding affinity of trastuzumab (0.1, 0.5, 1 μg/mL) for the HER2 protein. n = 3 biologically independent experiments. The data are presented as the means ± SEs. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.
Aleurodicus magnificus
Creators: name: John H. Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleurodicus
Aleurodicus magnificus

description: Aleurodicus magnificus Costa Lima
(Figs 6, 73)
Aleurodicus magnificus Costa Lima, 1928: 129 –131. Syntypes, Brazil [examined].
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region ­ Belize, Brazil, Panamá.
COMMENTS. This species secretes an exceptionally dense, woolly tangle, with particularly coarse strands of secretion. Colonies often appear dirty, greyish. Most commonly, puparia are aligned along the undersides of leaf midribs, rather than in broader aggregations.
description: Published as part of John H. Martin, 2004, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Part 1 — introduction and account of the subfamily Aleurodicinae Quaintance & Baker, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 681 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158856
Empathy-Inspired AI: Developing an Affective Computation Model via the Perception Action Framework
Creators: name: Göhler, Volker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460802
subject: Affective computing
classificationCode: 460205
subject: Intelligent robotics

description: This paper presents a novel approach to integrating large language models (LLMs) with the Perception Action Model (PAM) to create an Empathy Simulation System (ESS) for social robots. The ESS combines multimodal emotion detection, empathy appraisal, and reaction processing to generate contextually appropriate and emotionally supportive responses. By leveraging the communicative and adaptive capabilities of LLMs, the ESS aims to address challenges in human-robot interactions, including trust, cultural sensitivity, and ethical considerations. This framework offers a significant step toward developing robots as collaborative social partners.
Additional file 7 of Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) as a potential auxiliary biomarker for predicting adaptability to anti-HER2 drug treatment in breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Cheng, Tzu-Chun
name: Hung, Mien-Chie
name: Wang, Lu-Hai
name: Tu, Shih-Hsin
name: Wu, Chih-Hsiung
name: Yen, Yun
name: Chen, Chi-Long
name: Whang-Peng, Jacqueline
name: Lee, Wen-Jui
name: Liao, You-Cheng
name: Lee, Yu-Ching
name: Pan, Min-Hsiung
name: Lin, Hui-Kuan
name: Tzeng, Huey-En
name: Guo, Peixuan
name: Chu, Cheng-Ying
name: Chen, Li-Ching
name: Ho, Yuan-Soon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 7: Fig. S7 The upregulation of HNMT expression, also referred to as the H-cell phenotype, enhances the in vivo binding affinity of T-Dxd. (A) The IC50 values of T-Dxd treatment (0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg/mL) were detected in HER2+ (HCC1954) and TNBC (231-wt, 231-Vc, and 231-HN) cell lines. (B) The time-dependent (0, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 16 h) binding affinity of T-Dxd (10 μg/mL) was observed by flow cytometry (top) and IF staining (bottom) in HCC1954 cells. The yellow box is an enlarged image. The white arrows indicate T-Dxd located in the lysosome. The data are presented as the means ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test. ***P < 0.001. (C) H&E and IHC were performed on TNBC (231-Vc and 231-HN) xenograft tumor tissues. The tumors were treated with/without T-Dxd (4 mg/kg). n =4 biologically independent experiments. A schematic diagram showing that T-Dxd-induced HNMT expression (H-cell phenotype) in vivo enhances T-Dxd binding affinity, resulting in tumor regression. (D) Western blotting confirmed the T-Dxd-induced expression of HNMT (H-cell phenotype) in MDA-MB-231 cells. Actin protein was used as a loading control. (E) Tumor tissue obtained from Fig. 2K was used for the ex vivo T-Dxd binding affinity assay. Representative fluorescence images of T-Dxd-treated ex vivo tumors. Yellow arrows indicate T-Dxd binding to 231-Vc- and 231-HN-derived xenograft tumors. This schematic shows that T-Dxd-induced HNMT (the L-cell phenotype transforms to the H-cell phenotype) in 231-Vc-derived xenograft tumors (in vivo) enhances the binding affinity of T-Dxd. Scale bars = 18.4 μm (B, C) and 100 μm (E).
Representation or reprehension? Radical-right electoral competition, satisfaction with democracy, and voter turnout
Creators: name: Bichay, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: An important issue in the research on radical parties asks a critical question: are these parties a threat or corrective for democracy? I analyze this question with specific regard to radical-right parties and political participation. Specifically, I ask whether the inclusion of a radical-right competitor in electoral contests serve to disenchant and demobilize voters, and present evidence of a potential causal mechanism through which we may see such an effect. First, through an analysis of election-level data in Europe I demonstrate this indeed appears to be the case: in elections where radical-right parties compete, turnout falls. I then look to survey data and causal mediation analysis to demonstrate why. Findings indicate radical-right electoral competition serves to decrease individuals’ trust in politicians and satisfaction with democracy, which in turn makes them less likely to turnout and vote.
Camponotus lespesii Forel
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus lespesii

description: Camponotus lespesii Forel 1886c.
Camponotus sexguttatus r. lespesii Forel 1886c: 169. [holotype w examined, MHNG; Colombia].
Camponotus lespesi subsp. melancholicus Emery 1894b: 2. NEW SYNONYMY. [w syntypes examined, MCSN, MHNG; Colonia Risso, Paraguay (Borelli)]
Camponotus lespesi Forel. Mayr 1887: 513.
Camponotus (Dinomyrmex) lespesi Forel. Forel 1914a: 268.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) lespesi Forel. Emery 1925: 83.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) lespesi subsp. melancholica Emery. Emery 1925: 83.
Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) lespesi melancholicus Forel. Kempf 1972: 68.
In my opinion the literature records of C. lespesii and C. lespesii melancholicus from Paraguay pertain to a single species, and the differences in identification stem from alternate taxonomic interpretations on the part of Forel and Emery. All of the material I have examined is rather homogenous and closely matches Emery’s melancholicus types. The distinct appearance of this ant renders it unlikely to be confused with any other species in Paraguay. Camponotus lespesii is large (mesosomal length> 3.5mm in major workers) and more gracile than any other Paraguayan Camponotus of similar size. Additional diagnostic characters include: head of major worker considerably longer than broad; sides of head of major bearing>15 standing setae; antennal scapes lacking standing setae; antennal scapes longer than head length; mesosoma low and elongate, declivitous propodeal face less than 1/3 length of dorsal face; sculpture of head, mesosoma, and gaster opaque.
Forel’s lespesii type, a large minor worker from Colombia, is somewhat lighter in color than the Paraguayan specimens but is otherwise similar. For the purpose of eliminating a trinomen I synonymize C. melancholicus here.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 50
Camponotus germaini Emery
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus germaini

description: Camponotus germaini Emery 1903.
Camponotus germaini Emery 1903: 71. [w syntypes examined, MCSN; Matto Groso, Brazil (Germain)].
Camponotus germaini subsp. tacuruensis Emery 1911: 222. NEW SYNONYMY. [w syntypes examined, MCSN; Tacuru Pucu, Alto Paraná, Paraguay (Silvestri)].
Camponotus (Myrmamblys) germaini Emery. Forel 1914a: 271.
Camponotus (Neomyrmamblys) germaini Emery. Santschi 1921a: 311.
Camponotus (Myrmaphaenus) germaini Emery. Emery 1925: 155.
Camponotus (Myrmaphaenus) germaini subsp. tacuruensis Emery. Emery 1925: 155.
Camponotus (Myrmaphaenus) germaini tacuruensis Emery. Kempf 1972: 46.
Camponotus germaini is a soil-nesting species recorded from low forests, second growth forests, and edge habitats. Emery (1911d) distinguished C. tacuruensis from C. germaini on the basis of size and head shape of the major worker. I have examined Emery’s types for both taxa. Although it is true that C. germaini tacuruensis is slightly larger than most collections of C. germaini in Paraguay, I can find no other difference to distinguish C. tacuruensis. The head shape of the major worker in spite of Emery’s written description is scarcely different between the two forms and both forms fall within the observed range of variation of this species in Paraguay.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on pages 50-51
Aleurodicus maritimus Hempel
Creators: name: John H. Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleurodicus
Aleurodicus maritimus

description: Aleurodicus maritimus Hempel
(Figs 7, 74)
Aleurodicus maritimus Hempel, 1922b: 1160 –1161. Syntypes, Brazil [examined]. Aleurodicus linguosus Bondar, 1923a: 76 –78. Syntypes, Brazil [examined]. [Synonymised by Costa Lima, 1928: 133.]
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region — Belize, Brazil, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá, Surinam, Trinidad.
COMMENTS. The author was able to examine syntypes of both A. linguosus and A. maritimus through the kindness of USNM and MZUSP, respectively. Costa Lima (1928) considered A. linguosus to be a junior synonym of A. maritimus, and his opinion is considered sound by the present author.
A. maritimus is one of the most frequently observed Aleurodicus species in the CFR, feeding on a range of host plants. Extrapolating from the recorded distribution, above, this species is certain to occur through much of the Neotropical Region.
description: Published as part of John H. Martin, 2004, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Part 1 — introduction and account of the subfamily Aleurodicinae Quaintance & Baker, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 681 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158856
Hippocampus patagonicus Piacentino & Luzzatto 2004
Creators: name: Sara A. Lourie
name: Riley A. Pollom
name: Sarah J. Foster
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Syngnathiformes
Syngnathidae
Hippocampus
Hippocampus patagonicus

description: H. patagonicus Piacentino & Luzzatto 2004
English common names. Patagonian Seahorse.
Synonyms. None
Distribution. Argentina, Brazil (south), Uruguay.
Holotype. MACN 8806. Paratypes: MACN 8807, 8808, 8809.
Type locality. Río Negro, San Antonio Oueste, Bahía, Argentina.
Notes. Molecular research amply supports the diagnosis of H. patagonicus as a species separate from H. erectus (Casey et al. 2004; González et al. 2014; Silveira et al. 2014). It is 6.13% divergent from Brazilian H. erectus (648 bp, CO1, BOLD 2016) which in turn is 1.29% divergent from North American and Caribbean H. erectus.
description: Published as part of Sara A. Lourie, Riley A. Pollom & Sarah J. Foster, 2016, A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 4146 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/268078
title: The Magic of Arjun's Quest: Lessons from the Bhagavad Gita
title: A Journey of Wisdom and Life Lessons for Children
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kallol, Chakrabarti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The narrative chronicles the transformative journey of a young boy named Arjun, who is mentored by the sage Krishna on a mystical quest. Throughout this expedition, Arjun confronts various obstacles and assimilates 25 essential teachings from the Bhagavad Gita. These teachings equip him with the skills to make informed decisions, maintain composure, and embody virtuous behavior. The story elucidates practical applications of these lessons for children, employing accessible language and relatable scenarios.
Acromyrmex pubescens Wild, 2007, REVISED STATUS
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Acromyrmex
Acromyrmex pubescens

description: Acromyrmex pubescens (Emery 1905). REVISED STATUS.
Atta (Acromyrmex) pubescens Emery 1905: 51. [w syntypes examined, MCSN, MHNG; Paraguay (Balzán)].
Acromyrmex lundi var. pubescens (Emery). Bruch 1914: 216.
Acromyrmex lundi st. pubescens (Emery). Santschi 1916: 386.
Acromyrmex lundi pubescens (Emery). Kempf 1972: 13.
Fowler (1985a) described the differing habitat associations of Acromyrmex lundii and Acromyrmex pubescens, noting that the former is found in open habitats and the latter in the patchy forest “islands” that occur in the chaco savannah. The two forms are sympatric and structurally similar, both bearing elongate lateral pronotal spines that are longer than the mesonotal spines. However, these ants are distinguishable in pubescence. Much of the integument of A. pubescens is covered in a dense decumbent pubescence while the integument of A. lundi is relatively bare. This difference is easiest to diagnose on the mesopleura, as the mesopleural pubescence of A. pubescens comprises overlapping hairs, while that of A. lundii is sparse and the hairs non-overlapping. Given the ecological and morphological differences in sympatry between these two forms, I elevate A. pubescens to species here.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 51
Additional file 10 of Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) as a potential auxiliary biomarker for predicting adaptability to anti-HER2 drug treatment in breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Cheng, Tzu-Chun
name: Hung, Mien-Chie
name: Wang, Lu-Hai
name: Tu, Shih-Hsin
name: Wu, Chih-Hsiung
name: Yen, Yun
name: Chen, Chi-Long
name: Whang-Peng, Jacqueline
name: Lee, Wen-Jui
name: Liao, You-Cheng
name: Lee, Yu-Ching
name: Pan, Min-Hsiung
name: Lin, Hui-Kuan
name: Tzeng, Huey-En
name: Guo, Peixuan
name: Chu, Cheng-Ying
name: Chen, Li-Ching
name: Ho, Yuan-Soon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 10: Fig. S10 HNMT expression affects the binding of HER2+ tumor cells to trastuzumab. (A) The cellular localization of different parts of the HER2 protein was confirmed by IF staining. Schematic representation of regions recognized by trastuzumab and anti-HER2-ICD antibodies (left). Representative images and qanitification data of IF double-stained cells showing the cellular distribution of HNMT and HER2 isoforms by 100 ng/mL EGF treating 20 min. The right panel shows HER2-ICD detection using the HER2-ICD antibody (green) and p185HER2 detection using trastuzumab (green). The white arrows indicate the nuclear localization of HER2-ICD, while the yellow arrows indicate negative results. n=5 biologically independent experiments. Scale bar = 10 µm. (B) The frequencies of the top 50 ranked target genes were determined by ChIP-sequencing analysis. (C) pGL3-4X-HBS-1 and pGL3-4X-HBS-2 were transfected into SKBR3 cells expressing the HER2 scramble or HER2 siRNA, respectively. Quantitative luc reporter assays were performed following the treatment of transfected cells with/without EGF or NRG1. The pGL3 vector was transfected into SKBR3 cells as a control. The pRL-TK plasmid was used as an internal control. (D) Western blotting confirmed HNMT and HER2 protein expression in the HER2+ BC cell lines harboring vectors overexpressing HNMT, HNMT scrambled RNA or HNMT siRNA. (E) The ability of trastuzumab to bind to the HER2 protein in the above four cell lines (D) was detected by flow cytometry. n = 3 biologically independent experiments. The data are presented as the mean ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.
Processos Editoriais em Revistas Científicas
Creators: name: Loor Zambrano, Rosselly Virmania
name: Bernasconi Leitão, Marco
Publisher: name: Editorial Feijó
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Editorials--Political aspects

description: As revistas científicas desempenham um papel crucial na disseminação do conhecimento e na promoção da pesquisa em diversas áreas do saber. O processo editorial nessas publicações é um conjunto complexo de etapas que visa garantir a qualidade, a integridade e a relevância dos artigos científicos. Neste ensaio, abordaremos as principais fases desse processo, suas implicações e a importância da revisão por pares.
Into the Unknown? Decoding the Dearth of U.S. Foreign Direct Investment in Africa
Creators: name: Smith, Jacob
Publisher: name: Pericles Institute
Year: 2024

description: With the growing African diaspora in the U.S. and Europe included in these totals, nearly half of the world’s consumers could be African by the end of the century. No one knows this consumer base's needs and problems better than Africans do. The U.S. can help Africa and itself by entering this market vis-a-vis individual entrepreneurs. By attaching itself to this highly sought-after demographic, the U.S. can strengthen its economic position and empower the African continent to do profitable, free, and fair business.
Cosmia restituta Walker 1857
Creators: name: Matov, A. Yu.
name: Komarovov, E. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Cosmia
Cosmia restituta

description: 24. Cosmia restituta Walker, 1857
— 7.09.2022 (1). 2 экз.
description: Published as part of Matov, A. Yu. & Komarovov, E. V., 2023, Amphipyra tripartita Butler, 1878 - new species for the fauna of Russia and other Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera), found in Gamov peninsula in September 2022, pp. 4-8 in Amurian Zoological Journal XV (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.33910/2686-9519-2023-15-1-4-8, http://zenodo.org/record/11089086
Crematogaster cisplatinalis Wild, 2007, REVISED STATUS
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Crematogaster
Crematogaster cisplatinalis

description: Crematogaster cisplatinalis Mayr 1887. REVISED STATUS.
Crematogaster victima var. cisplatinalis Mayr 1887: 624. [Holotype w examined, NHMW; Uruguay (Berg)]
Crematogaster cisplatinalis Mayr. Dalla Torre 1893: 80.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) victima subsp. cisplatinalis Mayr. Emery 1924a: 136.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) victima cisplatinalis Mayr. Kempf 1972: 90.
Crematogaster cisplatinalis is a twig-nesting species recorded most frequently from low-lying open habitats in the Paraguay river floodplain. This species is distinct in a number of characters from C. victima, a slightly larger ant that tends to be found in the better-drained habitats of the eastern forests and cerrados. There is little reason to retain the subspecific status of C. cisplatinalis as the two forms overlap substantially in distribution but differ consistently in numerous characters. Among Paraguayan collections these differences include: standing setae present on tibiae and antennal scapes of C. cisplatinalis (absent in C. victima); dorsum of head almost entirely punctate in C. cisplatinalis, or if a smooth medial strip present the strip is narrower than the width of the compound eye (smooth medial strip present, usually wider than width of compound eye, in C. victima); color brown to black in C. cisplatinalis (testaceous to medium brown in C. victima).
Jack Longino, who has conducted extensive taxonomic work on Neotropical Crematogaster (Longino 2003), confirmed the identifications for both C. victima and C. cisplatinalis in Paraguay and concurs with a change in status of C. cisplatinalis (Longino, pers. comm.).
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 51
Aleurodicus pulvinatus Maskell
Creators: name: John H. Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleurodicus
Aleurodicus pulvinatus

description: Aleurodicus pulvinatus (Maskell)
(Figs A, 10, 64, 77, 124)
Aleurodes pulvinata Maskell, 1896: 439 –441. Lectotype designated by Martin & Watson (1998), Trinidad [examined].
Aleurodicus pulvinatus (Maskell); Cockerell, 1902: 280.
Aleurodicus iridescens Cockerell, 1898: 225. Lectotype designated by Martin & Watson (1998), Mexico [examined]. [Erroneously synonymised with Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis) by Quaintance & Baker, 1913: 47; synonymised with A. pulvinatus by Martin & Watson, 1998: 93.]
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region — widely distributed, especially amongst the Caribbean islands.
COMMENTS. A. pulvinatus was investigated by Martin & Watson (1998), who redefined this species, concluding that puparial pigmentation varies considerably. Puparia may be completely pale, have pronounced subdorsal pigmentation in a longitudinal stripe on each side of the puparium, or possess more limited marking in the form of a pair of thoracic patches or, occasionally, a median thoracic patch (Figs 64, 124). This species is widespead in the Caribbean area, where it sometimes causes considerable damage to coconut palms, but has not been encountered in pest proportions in Belize despite being collected on many occasions.
description: Published as part of John H. Martin, 2004, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Part 1 — introduction and account of the subfamily Aleurodicinae Quaintance & Baker, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 681 on page 28, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158856
Cosmia trapezina
Creators: name: Matov, A. Yu.
name: Komarovov, E. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Cosmia
Cosmia trapezina

description: 25. Cosmia trapezina (Linnaeus, 1758)
— 9.09.2022 (2). 2 экз.
description: Published as part of Matov, A. Yu. & Komarovov, E. V., 2023, Amphipyra tripartita Butler, 1878 - new species for the fauna of Russia and other Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera), found in Gamov peninsula in September 2022, pp. 4-8 in Amurian Zoological Journal XV (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.33910/2686-9519-2023-15-1-4-8, http://zenodo.org/record/11089086
Xanthocosmia jankowskii
Creators: name: Matov, A. Yu.
name: Komarovov, E. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Xanthocosmia
Xanthocosmia jankowskii

description: 27. Xanthocosmia jankowskii (Oberthür, 1884)
— 7.09.2022 (1). 2 экз.
description: Published as part of Matov, A. Yu. & Komarovov, E. V., 2023, Amphipyra tripartita Butler, 1878 - new species for the fauna of Russia and other Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera), found in Gamov peninsula in September 2022, pp. 4-8 in Amurian Zoological Journal XV (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.33910/2686-9519-2023-15-1-4-8, http://zenodo.org/record/11089086
Crematogaster nitidiceps Wild, 2007, NEW STATUS
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Crematogaster
Crematogaster nitidiceps

description: Crematogaster nitidiceps Emery 1895a. NEW STATUS.
Crematogaster victima var. nitidiceps Emery 1895a: 288.
Crematogaster victima subsp. nitidiceps var. pergens Forel 1911b: 274. Unavailable name. [examined, MHNG; Cordillera, Paraguay (Fiebrig)].
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) victima subsp. nitidiceps Emery. Emery 1924a: 136.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) victima nitidiceps Emery. Kempf 1972: 90.
Crematogaster nitidiceps and Crematogaster victima occur in local sympatry across eastern Paraguay. There is no reason to consider the two forms conspecific, and indeed the two forms are likely not even close relatives. I have not examined type material of either form, but Jack Longino has confirmed the identification of both species in my Paraguayan material and concurs with a change in status for C. nitidiceps (Longino, pers. comm.). In Paraguay, the two species differ in a number of characters, including: antennal scapes in repose fail to meet posterior cephalic margin in C. nitidiceps but surpass posterior margin in C. victima; head in full-face view longer than broad in C. niticeps but broader than long in C. victima; sculpture of lateral face of pronotum smooth and shining in C. nitidiceps but punctate in C. victima; dorsum of head bearing only one or two pairs of standing setae in C. niticeps but bearing> 20 standing clavate setae in C. victima. The two forms show additional differences in eye size, petiolar structure, and mesosomal structure.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 51
THE RОLE ОF THEОRY IN THE STUDY ОF HISTОRY.
Creators: name: Melibоyev, А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this аrticle , the аnаlysis оf histоry , its cоntent , аnd the histоry b о ' yich а In innоvаtiоn methоds , scientific prоcesses аnd the generаl public knоwledge оf science аnd technоlоgy . ' о y а l а ri Methоdоlоgicаl pоints аre discussed .
Aleuronudus acapulcensis Sampson & Drews
Creators: name: John H. Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleuronudus
Aleuronudus acapulcensis

description: Aleuronudus acapulcensis (Sampson & Drews)
(Fig. 13)
Pseudaleurodicus acapulcensis Sampson & Drews, 1941: 155 –156. Syntypes, Mexico. Aleuronudus acapulcensis (Sampson & Drews) Mound & Halsey, 1978: 236.
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region — Belize, Mexico, Panamá.
COMMENTS. The only Belizean representatives of this species were collected from Citrus sp. at the Belize Botanic Gardens, adjacent to the Macal River, near San Ignacio (BMNH).
description: Published as part of John H. Martin, 2004, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Part 1 — introduction and account of the subfamily Aleurodicinae Quaintance & Baker, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 681 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158856
Mamestra brassicae
Creators: name: Matov, A. Yu.
name: Komarovov, E. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Mamestra
Mamestra brassicae

description: 28. Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758)
— 2.09.2022 (1). 1 экз.
description: Published as part of Matov, A. Yu. & Komarovov, E. V., 2023, Amphipyra tripartita Butler, 1878 - new species for the fauna of Russia and other Noctuidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera), found in Gamov peninsula in September 2022, pp. 4-8 in Amurian Zoological Journal XV (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.33910/2686-9519-2023-15-1-4-8, http://zenodo.org/record/11089086
Crematogaster quadriformis Roger
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Crematogaster
Crematogaster quadriformis

description: Crematogaster quadriformis Roger 1863a.
Crematogaster quadriformis Roger 1863a: 207.
Crematogaster quadriformis var gracilior Forel 1901c. NEW SYNONYMY. [w syntypes examined, MHNG; São Paulo, Brazil]
Crematogaster quadriformis subsp. vezenyii Forel 1907b: 25. NEW SYNONYMY.
Crematogaster quadriformis r gracilior Forel. Forel 1912c: 218.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) quadriformis Roger. Santschi 1918: 182.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) quadriformis subsp. gracilior Forel. Emery 1924a: 135.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) quadriformis subsp. vezenyii Forel. Emery 1924a: 135.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) quadriformis gracilior Forel. Kempf 1972: 88.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) quadriformis vezeneyii Forel. Kempf 1972: 89.
Crematogaster quadriformis is the most frequently recorded ground-nesting Crematogaster in Paraguay. This species can be diagnosed by the following combination of character states: propodeum in profile only slightly or not at all depressed below level of mesonotum; propodeal spines elongate but shorter than length of petiole; antennal scapes equal or greater in length than head length, in repose well exceeding the posterior margins of the head in full-face view; head sculpture densely punctate/striate except for a smooth frontal strip;>20 subdecumbent to suberect setae on the first gastric tergite. Crematogaster quadriformis shows considerable variation even within nest series in overall size, pilosity, eye size, and extent of punctation/striation on the head.
Jack Longino examined some recent Paraguayan collections and confirmed the identity of this species as C. quadriformis. I have subsequently viewed Forel’s types of C. quadriformis gracilior from São Paulo and found them to fall well within the range of variation I have observed in Paraguay, so I synonymize C. gracilior here.
I was not able to view Forel’s types of C. quadriformis vezenyii, described from material collected in Asunción. Forel’s description notes small size, a more shiny head, and lack of a well-developed tooth in the propodeal suture. These character states are common in the C. quadriformis material I have examined towards the small end of the size distribution of nest series, so I find it likely that C. quadriformis vezenyii is a collection of a young nest or small workers of C. quadriformis.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 52
Crematogaster rochai Forel
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Crematogaster
Crematogaster rochai

description: Crematogaster rochai Forel 1903.
Crematogaster rochai Forel 1903: 255. [w syntypes examined, MHNG; Ceará, Brazil, (Rocha)]
Crematogaster brevispinosa r. rochai Forel. Forel 1912c: 213.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) brevispinosa st. malevolens Santschi 1919: 41. NEW SYNONYMY. [w syntypes examined, NHMB; Nueva Pompeya, Chaco, Argentina (Joergensen)].
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) brevispinosa subsp. rochai Forel. Emery 1924a: 134.
Crematogaster (Orthocrema) brevispinosa rochai Forel. Kempf 1972: 86.
Crematogaster (Crematogaster) rochai Forel. Longino 2003: 102.
Crematogaster (Crematogaster) malevolens Santschi. Longino 2003: 131. Raised to species.
Crematogaster rochai can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: antennal scapes short, less than.8x head length, in repose failing to reach posterior margin of head in full-face view; dorsal surface of head largely devoid of erect setae; promesonotum slightly arched in profile; propodeal suture present but not deep; postero-dorsal face of propodeum forming a single concave slope, not broken into distinct dorsal and posterior faces; propodeal spines short and upturned; first gastric tergite (= abd. tergite 4) with <6 standing setae exclusive of posterior row.
Mature colonies in the Crematogaster crinosa complex, including C. rochai, are polymorphic in the worker caste and occasionally produce rather large workers. Santschi’s C. malevolens seems to be little other than a large C. rochai. I can find no consistent characters to separate C. malevolens from the C. rochai type or from Paraguayan material that Jack Longino has identified as C. rochai. Longino (2003) elevated C. malevolens to species with the intent to clear trinomials from the C. crinosa complex but did not provide additional reasoning. If C. malevolans is indeed conspecific with what I call C. rochai in Paraguay, an alternate resolution would be to split these southern populations off from C. rochai under the name C. malevolens. Specimens from southern South America are more pilose and bear a stronger propodeal suture than more northerly material Longino (2003), character states that apply equally to C. malevolens. Considering the allopatric nature of the variation, however, I prefer to retain a single species.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 52
Hippocampus pontohi Lourie & Kuiter 2008
Creators: name: Sara A. Lourie
name: Riley A. Pollom
name: Sarah J. Foster
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Syngnathiformes
Syngnathidae
Hippocampus
Hippocampus pontohi

description: H. pontohi Lourie & Kuiter 2008
English common name. Pontoh’s Pygmy Seahorse Synonyms. H. severnsi Lourie and Kuiter 2008.
Distribution. Indonesia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, USA (Northern Mariana Islands).
Holtoype: MZB 13593. Paratypes: MZB 13596, 13597.
Type locality. Bunaken, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Notes. H. severnsi is considered a synonym based on the fact that its original description (Lourie & Kuiter
2008) does not include distinct morphological characters (colour only) (Appendix L). Recent genetic analyses
confirm this synonymy (H. Hamilton, in litt. to SL and RP, 13 Feb 2015).
description: Published as part of Sara A. Lourie, Riley A. Pollom & Sarah J. Foster, 2016, A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 4146 (1) on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/268078
Aleuronudus manni Baker, comb. nov.
Creators: name: John H. Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleuronudus
Aleuronudus manni

description: Aleuronudus manni (Baker) comb. nov.
(Figs 14, 81, 115, 133–134)
Aleurodicus (Metaleurodicus) manni Baker, 1923: 253 –254. Syntypes, Honduras. Metaleurodicus manni (Baker) Mound & Halsey, 1978: 245.
Aleuronudus ferrisi (Sampson & Drews) Martin & Polaszek, 1999: 1553.
Hexaleurodicus ferrisi Sampson & Drews, 1941: 154 –155. Syntypes, Mexico syn. nov.
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region — Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá, Trinidad.
COMMENTS. Aleuronudus manni is frequently encountered in the CFR, especially colonising members of the Rubiaceae. Its puparia are extremely characteristic, with the anteriormost pair of abdominal compound pores much larger than the remainder (Fig. 14), each of these very large pores secreting an exceptionally long filament (Fig. 133). Initially, its adults were confused with those of the then newly discovered Azuraleurodicus pentarthrus (see below), which also colonises Guettarda combsii, indicating the importance of rearing of adults for definite association with puparia (Martin & Polaszek, 1999). The adult females of Al. manni (Fig. 134) secrete exceptionally robust extrusions of wax, of brush­like appearance, from their abdominal wax plates (Fig. 115), which those of Az. pentarthrus do not.
description: Published as part of John H. Martin, 2004, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Part 1 — introduction and account of the subfamily Aleurodicinae Quaintance & Baker, pp. 1-86 in Zootaxa 681 on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158856
Pheidole reflexans Wild, 2007, NEW STATUS
Creators: name: Wild, A. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Pheidole
Pheidole reflexans

description: Pheidole reflexans Santschi 1933. NEW STATUS.
Pheidole radoszkowskii var. reflexans Santschi 1933: 109. [w syntypes examined, NHMB; Argentina, Misiones, Est. Exp. Loreto].
Pheidole radoszkowskii var. reflexans Santschi. Wilson 2003: 221; junior synonym of Pheidole radoszkowskii Mayr.
Wilson (2003) took a broad view of Pheidole radoszkowskii and synonymized several names, including Santschi’s variety reflexans. The evidence for resurrecting P. reflexans to species is strong, however. Both P. radoszkowskii and P. reflexans are locally sympatric across eastern Paraguay, with the former species commonly found in open habitats such as campo cerrado, roadside, and pasture, while the later is restricted to closed forests. Pheidole reflexans can be one of the most common forest-floor ants and is frequently recovered in sifted litter samples from subtropical tall forests. The morphological differences between the two forms are consistent across eastern Paraguay. Pheidole reflexans is more gracile, with considerably longer legs and antennal scapes, and in Paraguay is also somewhat more pilose in the major caste, supporting> 10 suberect setae on gastric tergite 1 (= abd. tergite 4). This pilosity difference appears to be regional, as Mayr’s P. radoszkowskii types from French Guiana (NHMW, examined) are more pilose than the Paraguayan populations of the same species.
description: Published as part of Wild, A. L., 2007, A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 1622 on page 53