cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enrichment of primary macronutrients in biochar for sustainable agriculture: A review
Creators: name: Karim, Adnan Asad
name: Kumar, Manish
name: Singh, Ekta
name: Kumar, Aman
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Ray, Arati
name: Dhal, Nabin Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Macronutrient-enriched biochars have potential for nutrient recycling from waste, enhance soil fertility, reduce consumption of fertilizers, and thereby promoting sustainable agriculture. The focus of the recent research studies has been on exploring different methods for production of macronutrients (nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P], and potassium [K]) enriched biochar fertilizers. There is now an urgent need to comprehend the work carried out on biochar fertilizers for a proper scientific understanding and advancement. This review provides crucial information about nutrients enriched biochars production and the underlying mechanisms toward its use in agriculture. The production methods, nutrient characteristics, potential major challenges and future perspectives of using these nutrients enriched biochars have also been dealt in the present review. Among primary macronutrients, the main focus of nutrients enriched biochar are on N and P. Total N, P, and K enriched up to 10%, 15.32%, 25.85% in biochar through controlled (primarily temperature) pyrolysis and utilization of specific feedstock. Although total macronutrients content in nutrients enriched biochar were thoroughly studied, but the bio-labile and plant available fractions of these nutrients are yet to be extensively researched. Nutrients transformation in biochars revealed about comparatively higher bio-available K fraction due to formation of water soluble kalicinite (KHCO3) minerals. The efficacy of biochars toward soil fertility and plant growth was widely studied (mainly as pot experiments) and there results varied. Overall, the prospects of nutrients enriched biochars toward sustainable agriculture has gained momentum with time and further engineered biochars hold great potential to cater for specific soil-plant-environment system.
РОССИЙСКИЙ РЫНОК СТРАХОВЫХ УСЛУГ: ТЕКУЩЕЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Creators: name: Е. Е. ХАРЛАМОВА
name: А. С. ДМИТРИЕВ
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: финансовая деятельность
страхование
личное страхование
рынок страховых услуг
олигополия
рыночная концентрация
финансирование.

description: В статье рассматриваются тенденции развития страхового рынка в России, особенности его функционирования, а также деятельность страховых компаний за трехлетний период (2016–2018 гг.). Отмечается возрастающий уровень монополизации страхового рынка. Анализируется динамика статистических показателей эффективности деятельности страховщиков и индексов рыночной концентрации как по всему рынку в целом, так и по отдельным его сегментам. По результатам исследования дана оценка текущего состояния российского страхового рынка, а также сделаны прогнозы по его дальнейшему развитию.
Tabla Comparativa sobre el Sistema electoral para la Cámara Baja en América Latina y sus reformas
Creators: name: Observatorio de Reformas Políticas en América Latina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Freidenberg, Flavia. Dir., 2023, “Tabla Comparativa sobre el Sistema electoral para la Cámara Baja en América Latina y sus reformas”. Observatorio de Reformas Políticas en América Latina (1978-2023). Ciudad de México: Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas (IIJ-UNAM) y Washington, D.C.: Secretaría para el Fortalecimiento de la Democracia de la Organización de los Estados Americanos (SFD/OEA), V2.
Evidence of thick obscuring matter revealed in the X-ray spectrum of the Z=4.28 quasar RXJ1028.6-0844
Creators: name: Yuan, W.
name: Matsuoka, M.
name: Wang, T.
name: Ueno, S.
name: Kubo, H.
name: Mihara, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of an unambiguous, substantial low-energy cutoff in the broad band X-ray spectrum of the radio quasar RXJ1028.6-0844 at a redshift of 4.276 obtained with the ASCA satellite, which we preferably explained as indication of excess X-ray absorption. The equivalent hydrogen column density of the absorbing matter, depending on the redshift and metallicity, ranges from 2.5x10**21 cm**(-2) for local absorption up to 2.1x10**23 cm**(-2) (solar metallicity) or 1.6x10**24 cm**(-2) (10% solar metallicity) for absorption at the quasar redshift. Such a value is among the largest found for high-redshift radio quasars. The absorption, if interpreted as being produced close to the quasar, may indicate the presence of a remarkably large amount of obscuring matter in the quasar environment in the early universe. Implications of the result for the possible origins of the absorbing matter are discussed, concerning especially galactic intervening matter, cool intracluster gas, and ambient medium around the quasar jet. The quasar itself has an enormous apparent luminosity of at least about 2.6x10**47 erg/s (H0=50, q0=0.5) and a power law photon index of 1.67(+0.07,-0.04) in the 2-50keV band in the source rest frame.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 11 pages using emulateapj5.sty; minor changes (12 pages), subsection 3.4 added, references added
Fermion bag approach to Hamiltonian lattice field theories in continuous time
Creators: name: Huffman, Emilie
name: Chandrasekharan, Shailesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the idea of fermion bags to Hamiltonian lattice field theories in the continuous time formulation. Using a class of models we argue that the temperature is a parameter that splits the fermion dynamics into small spatial regions that can be used to identify fermion bags. Using this idea we construct a continuous time quantum Monte Carlo algorithm and compute critical exponents in the 3d Ising Gross-Neveu universality class using a single flavor of massless Hamiltonian staggered fermions. We find $η$=0.54(6) and $ν$=0.88(2) using lattices up to N=2304 sites. We argue that even sizes up to N=10,000 sites should be accessible with supercomputers available today.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Dilepton production in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS energies
Creators: name: Li, G. Q.
name: Ko, C. M.
name: Brown, G. E.
name: Sorge, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilepton production in proton- and nucleus-induced reactions is studied in relativistic transport model using initial conditions determined by the string dynamics from RQMD. It is found that both the CERES and HELIOS-3 data for dilepton spectra in proton-nucleus reactions can be well described by the `conventional' mechanism of Dalitz decay and direct vector meson decay. However, to provide a quantitative explanation of the observed dilepton spectra in central S+Au and S+W collisions requires contributions other than these direct decays. Introducing a decrease of vector meson masses in hot and dense medium, we find that these heavy-ion data can also be satisfactorily explained. This agrees with our earlier conclusions based on a fire cylinder model. We also give predictions for Pb+Au collisions at 160 GeV/nucleon using current CERES mass resolution and acceptance.
description: RevTeX, 45 pages, including 21 postscript figures, to be published in Nuclear Physics A
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛИЗОВАННЫХ ПЛАТЕЖНЫХ СИСТЕМ
Creators: name: Д. А. СИЗОВА
name: Т. В. СИЗОВА
name: А. У. СОЛТАХАНОВ
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: децентрализованная платежная система
криптосистема
цифровая валюта
биткоин
криптовалюта
рынок криптосистем в России и за рубежом.

description: Cтатья раскрывает историю развития и становления децентрализованных платежных систем. Описаны ключевые элементы технологии и особенности работы децентрализованных платежных систем. Рассмотрены тенденции развития рынка криптовалюты в России и за рубежом, а также наиболее актуальные проблемы развития рынка криптовалюты в России и проекты, реализуемые для их решения.
Decreasing nuclear volume concentrates DNA and enforces transcription factor-chromatin associations during Zebrafish genome activation
Creators: name: Reisser, Matthias
name: Gebhardt, J. Christof M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zygotic genome activation (ZGA), the onset of transcription after initial quiescence, is a major developmental step in many species, which occurs after ten cell divisions in Zebrafish embryos. How transcription factor-chromatin interactions evolve during early development to support ZGA is largely unknown. We established single molecule tracking in live developing Zebrafish embryos using reflected light-sheet microscopy to visualize the general transcription factor TATA-binding protein (TBP), and developed a novel data acquisition and analysis scheme to extract kinetic information during fast cell cycles. The chromatin-bound fraction of TBP increases during early development, compatible with increasing transcriptional activity. By quantifying TBP and DNA concentrations and their binding kinetics, we device a physical model of how the nuclear volume, which decreases during early development, enhances TBP-chromatin associations. Our single molecule data suggest that the shrinking nucleus is a major driving force and timer of ZGA in Zebrafish embryos.
Additional file 1 of The potential roles of type I interferon activated neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Creators: name: Peng, Yu
name: Wu, Xunyao
name: Zhang, Shulan
name: Deng, Chuiwen
name: Zhao, Lidan
name: Wang, Mu
name: Wu, Qingjun
name: Yang, Huaxia
name: Zhou, Jiaxin
name: Peng, Linyi
name: Luo, Xuan
name: Chen, Yingying
name: Wang, Anqi
name: Xiao, Qiufeng
name: Zhang, Wen
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Zeng, Xiaofeng
name: Fei, Yunyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The Primer used in RT-PCR analysis. Table S2. Top 10 up- and down-regulated mRNAs of pSS neutrophils in this study. Table S3. Statistics and comparison of the FPKM between pSS patients (n=7) and matched healthy controls (n=6). Figure S1. Process of obtaining the PBMCs and neutrophils from pSS patients and matched healthy controls (Created with BioRender.com ). Figure S2. RT-qPCR results for type I related mRNAs in pSS and healthy neutrophils (pSS=18, HC=17). (P-Value > 0.05 indicated no statistically significant difference (ns), *P-Value < 0.05, **P-Value < 0.01, ***P-Value <0.001). Figure S3. The ROS production of LDGs. Figure S4. Comparison the stimulation results between pSS patients and HCs. (A) JC-1 monomer%; (B) MFI of ROS; (C) MPO levels. (*P-Value < 0.05, **P-Value < 0.01, ***P-Value <0.001).
Pachyrhyna pulchella Rondani 1850
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tipulidae
Pachyrhyna
Pachyrhyna pulchella

description: Pachyrhyna pulchella Rondani, 1850
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1850c: 195.
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ Insulae S. Sebastiani [San Sebastian Island (Brazil)]”.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, syntype (MRSN: Box 1755): Pachirhyna [sic !] Mg pulchella Rndn., Ins. S. Sebast., Genè / Pachirhyna [sic !] pulchella Rond. 1850: 195, Ins. S. Seb.
 CURRENT STATUS: valid species, as Nephrotoma pulchella (Alexander & Alexander 1970: 17, Oosterbroek 2020).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1850c: 195) described Pachyrhyna pulchella from just the male sex, without specifying the exact number of specimens, but giving a single measurement of length, from material received from E. Truqui. We also found one syntype in this study. This nominal species was described under the generic name Pachyrhyna, which is an “unjustified emendation of Pachyrhina Macquart, 1834 ” (O’Hara et al. 2011: 136).
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 383, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Impact of Software Vulnerability Announcements on the Market Value of Software Vendors - An Empirical Investigation
Creators: name: Telang, Rahul
name: Wattal, Sunil
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Researchers in the area of information security have mainly been concerned with tools, techniques and policies that firms can use to protect themselves against security breaches. However, information security is as much about security software as it is about secure software. Software is not secure when it has defects or flaws which can be exploited by hackers to cause attacks such as unauthorized intrusion or denial of service attacks. Any public announcement about a software defect is termed as ‘vulnerability disclosure’. Although research in software economics have studied firms’ incentive to improve overall quality, there have been no studies to show that software vendors have an incentive to invest in building more secure software. In this paper, we use the event study methodology to examine the role that financial markets play in determining software vendors’ incentives to build more secure software. We collect data from leading national newspapers and industry sources like CERT by searching for reports on published software vulnerabilities. We show that vulnerability disclosures lead to a negative and significant change in market value for a software vendor. On average, a vendor loses around 0.6% value in stock price when a vulnerability is reported. This is equivalent to a loss in market capitalization values of $0.86 billion per vulnerability announcement. To provide further insight, we use the information content of the disclosure announcement to classify vulnerabilities into various types. We find that the change in stock price is more negative if the vendor fails to provide a patch at the time of disclosure. Moreover, vulnerabilities which cause a confidentiality related breach cause a greater decline in the market value for a vendor than the vulnerabilities which cause non-confidentiality related breaches. Also, more severe flaws have a significantly greater impact than flaws with low or moderate severity. Finally, we find that the markets do not punish a software vendor more severely if a third party discovers a flaw in its product than if the vendor itself discovers the flaw. Our analysis provides many interesting implications for software vendors as well as policy makers.
Topology of two-dimensional turbulent flows of dust and gas
Creators: name: Mitra, Dhrubaditya
name: Perlekar, Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform direct numerical simulations (DNS) of passive heavy inertial particles (dust) in homogeneous and isotropic two-dimensional turbulent flows (gas) for a range of Stokes number, ${\rm St} < 1$, using both Lagrangian and Eulerian approach (with a shock-capturing scheme). We find that: The dust-density field in our Eulerian simulations have the same correlation dimension $d_2$ as obtained from the clustering of particles in the Lagrangian simulations for ${\rm St} < 1$; The cumulative probability distribution function of the dust-density coarse-grained over a scale $r$ in the inertial range has a left-tail with a power-law fall-off indicating presence of voids; The energy spectrum of the dust-velocity has a power-law range with an exponent that is same as the gas-velocity spectrum except at very high Fourier modes; The compressibility of the dust-velocity field is proportional to ${\rm St}^2$. We quantify the topological properties of the dust-velocity and the gas-velocity through their gradient matrices, called $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$, respectively. The topological properties of $\mathcal{B}$ are the same in Eulerian and Lagrangian frames only if the Eulerian data are weighed by the dust-density -- a correspondence that we use to study Lagrangian properties of $\mathcal{A}$. In the Lagrangian frame, the mean value of the trace of $\mathcal{A} \sim - \exp(-C/{\rm St}$, with a constant $C\approx 0.1$. The topology of the dust-velocity fields shows that as ${\rm St} increases the contribution to negative divergence comes mostly from saddles and the contribution to positive divergence comes from both vortices and saddles. Compared to the Eulerian case, the density-weighed Eulerian case has less inward spirals and more converging saddles. Outward spirals are the least probable topological structures in both cases.
description: abstract condensed to fit arxiv format
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ МЕХАНИЗМОВ СПРОСА И ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ НА ВЕДУЩИЕ МИРОВЫЕ ВАЛЮТЫ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ
Creators: name:  М. Ю. ГОЛОВНИН
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: мировая валютная система
конкуренция валют
доллар США
евро
японская иена
фунт стерлингов
трансграничное движение капитала
политика «количественного смягчения»

description: В статье анализируются факторы, определяющие изменения роли ведущих мировых валют в 2000–2018 гг. с позиций спроса на них и их предложения. В качестве ведущих мировых валют рассматриваются доллар США, евро, японская иена и фунт стерлингов. На основании анализа статистических данных делается вывод о том, что до 2007 г. наблюдалось некоторое сближение позиций евро и доллара США, однако после глобального экономического и финансового кризиса 2007–2009 гг. доллар усилил свои монопольные позиции в мировой валютной системе. Политика «количественного смягчения», проводившаяся во всех странах-эмитентах ведущих мировых валют, способствовала усилению их позиций в мировой валютной системе. В частности, в 2017–2018 гг. произошло некоторое восстановление позиций евро, однако относительно дальнейшей их динамики сохраняется неопределенность.
Yielding and flow in adhesive and non-adhesive concentrated emulsions
Creators: name: Becu, L.
name: Manneville, S.
name: Colin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear rheological response of soft glassy materials is addressed experimentally by focusing on concentrated emulsions where interdroplet attraction is tuned through varying the surfactant content. Velocity profiles are recorded using ultrasonic velocimetry simultaneously to global rheological data in the Couette geometry. Our data show that non-adhesive and adhesive emulsions have radically different flow behaviors in the vicinity of yielding: while the flow remains homogeneous in the non-adhesive emulsion and the Herschel-Bulkley model for a yield stress fluid describes the data very accurately, the adhesive system displays shear localization and does not follow a simple constitutive equation, suggesting that the mechanisms involved in yielding transitions are not universal.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
A microlocal approach to the enhanced Fourier-Sato transform in dimension one
Creators: name: D'Agnolo, Andrea
name: Kashiwara, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34M35, 32S40, 32C38, 30E15

description: Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a holonomic algebraic $\mathcal{D}$-module on the affine line. Its exponential factors are Puiseux germs describing the growth of holomorphic solutions to $\mathcal{M}$ at irregular points. The stationary phase formula states that the exponential factors of the Fourier transform of $\mathcal{M}$ are obtained by Legendre transform from the exponential factors of $\mathcal{M}$. We give a microlocal proof of this fact, by translating it in terms of enhanced ind-sheaves through the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence.
description: 56 pages
The supersymmetric configurations of N=2, d=4 supergravity coupled to vector supermultiplets
Creators: name: Meessen, P.
name: Ortin, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify all the supersymmetric configurations of ungauged N=2,d=4 supergravity coupled to n vector multiplets and determine under which conditions they are also classical solutions of the equations of motion. The supersymmetric configurations fall into two classes, depending on the timelike or null nature of the Killing vector constructed from Killing spinor bilinears. The timelike class configurations are essentially the ones found by Behrndt, Luest and Sabra, which exhaust this class and are the ones that include supersymmetric black holes. The null class configurations include pp-waves and cosmic strings.
description: 44 pages, some references added
title: Di Vicenzo Ruffo il primo libro di madrigali; 1555
title: a cinque voci ; novamente dato in luce
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Bibliograph. Nachweis: RISM A I, R 3072
Tabla Comparativa de protocolos de bioseguridad por la emergencia de COVID-19 en 13 países de America Latina con elecciones (2020-2021)
Creators: name: Observatorio de Reformas Políticas en América Latina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Freidenberg, Flavia. Dir., 2023, “Tabla Comparativa de protocolos de bioseguridad por la emergencia de COVID-19 en 13 países de América Latina con elecciones (2020-2021)”. Observatorio de Reformas Políticas en América Latina (1978-2023). Ciudad de México: Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas (IIJ-UNAM) y Washington, D.C.: Secretaría para el Fortalecimiento de la Democracia de la Organización de los Estados Americanos (SFD/OEA), V1.
Additional file 1 of High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy versus noninvasive ventilation for patients with blunt chest trauma: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Zhu, Qingcheng
name: Wang, Bingxia
name: Li, Yujie
name: Ling, Bingyu
name: Xu, Jun
name: Jin, Kui
name: Sun, Ming
name: Zhu, Jianjun
name: Walline, Joseph
name: Wang, Yunyun
name: Cao, Peng
name: Guo, Xiaojuan
name: Tan, Dingyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Self-dual binary quadratic operads
Creators: name: Kolesnikov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A30, 18D50

description: We describe those binary quadratic operads generated by a two-dimensional space that are isomorphic to their Koszul dual operads.
Thermal and Nonthermal X-Ray Emission in SNR RCW 86
Creators: name: Borkowski, K. J.
name: Rho, J.
name: Reynolds, S. P.
name: Dyer, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants may exhibit both thermal and nonthermal X-ray emission. Such remnants can be distinguished by the weakness of their X-ray lines, because of the presence of a strong nonthermal X-ray continuum. RCW 86 is a remnant with weak lines, resulting in low and peculiar abundances when thermal models alone are used to interpret its X-ray spectrum. This indicates the presence of a strong nonthermal synchrotron continuum. We analyze ASCA X-ray spectra of RCW 86 with the help of both nonequilibrium ionization thermal models and nonthermal synchrotron models. A two-temperature thermal model and a simple nonthermal model with an exponential cutoff (plus interstellar absorption) give reasonable results. We obtain blast wave velocity of 800 km/s, the shock ionization age of 1-3x10^11 s/cm^3, and the break in nonthermal spectra at 2-4x10^16 Hz. The strength of nonthermal continuum correlates well with the radio brightness in the bright SW section of the remnant. This is convincing evidence for X-ray synchrotron emission in RCW 86.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Astrophysical Journal
Impact of Police Raids at Nuisance Bars on Illegal Drug Dealing: Estimating Intervention Effects in Varying Risk Settings
Creators: name: Cohen, Jacqueline
name: Wilpen  Gorr
name: Piyusha  Singh
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper examines the effects of police raids at nuisance bars on drug dealing in and around the nuisance bar. We examine effects of both dosage (number of raids) and duration of the intervention, as well as the conditioning effects of land use and population characteristics in shaping the underlying risk levels of drug dealing in the target and surrounding displacement areas. Results indicate that the police intervention does suppress levels of drug dealing during periods of active enforcement, but these effects largely disappear when the intervention is withdrawn. Also, the effects of the intervention are mediated by risk characteristics in target and displacement areas. In general, target areas characterized by higher levels of risk are more resistant to intervention effects than those with lower levels or risk. Risk factors in nearby displacement areas are also significant. Bars with high levels of risk arising from land uses in surrounding areas are easier to treat, while bars with high levels of population-based risk in surrounding displacement areas are harder to treat.
Optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen vacancies in a diamond anvil cell using designer diamond anvils
Creators: name: Steele, L.
name: Lawson, M.
name: Onyszczak, M.
name: Bush, B. T.
name: Mei, Z.
name: Dioguardi, A. P.
name: King, J.
name: Parker, A.
name: Pines, A.
name: Weir, S. T.
name: Evans, W.
name: Visbeck, K.
name: Vohra, Y. K.
name: Curro, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond offers novel routes to both DC and AC magnetometry in diamond anvil cells under high pressures ($>3$ GPa). However, a serious challenge to realizing experiments has been the insertion of microwave radiation in to the sample space without screening by the gasket material. We utilize designer anvils with lithographically-deposited metallic microchannels on the diamond culet as a microwave antenna. We detected the spin resonance of an ensemble of microdiamonds under pressure, and measure the pressure dependence of the zero field splitting parameters. These experiments enable the possibility for all-optical magnetic resonance experiments on sub-$μ$L sample volumes at high pressures.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A Survey on the Behavior of the Resolvent of Weighted Shift Operator
Creators: name: Shukur, Ali A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cesaro averages
power-bounded operator
Kriess resolvent condition
Ritt resolvent condition
weighted shift operator

description: In this survey, we review some results on the behavior of the resolvent of weighted shift operator. In particular, the relation between the coefficients of the mentioned operators, the behavior of the Cesaro averages and the behavior of the resolvent were considered.
Impact of Medicare Part D on Generic Prescription Rate in the Long Term Care Facilities
Creators: name: Changmi  Jung
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: On January 1, 2006, Medicare initiated the biggest change in its history by implementing the Part D Prescription Drug Plan, the first stand-alone drug coverage for Medicare beneficiaries, in an attempt to provide access to prescription drugs for seniors and people with disabilities. Studies show that Part D lowered the soaring cost of prescription drugs dispensed to seniors, partly through conversion to generic drugs. Due to their unique characteristics: polypharmacy, homogeneous age structure, and high prevalence of chronic diseases, there are few studies of the impact of this program on long-term care residents in terms of generic drug utilization, despite being its heaviest users of prescription medications. In this study, we examine whether Part-D program has any impact on the generic drug prescription rate among residents in Long Term Care Facilities (LTCF). We analyze prescription orders associated with three different therapeutic classes in order to induce a general pattern: AA (Atypical Antipsychotic), PPI (Proton Pump Inhibitor), and Statin. We use data from a regional online pharmacy serving over 150 long-term care facilities in Pennsylvania and neighboring states. Difference in difference estimates are used to explore the change in generic prescription rate of the three medication classes in LTCF. Contrary to our expectation, impact of Part D program on the generic prescription rate is not found in this particular study setting. The complex dynamics of prescription drug market, particularly the availability of generic versions of popular prescription medications, may have a bigger role in the utilization of generic drugs.
Pterelachisus berteii Rondani 1842
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tipulidae
Pterelachisus
Pterelachisus berteii

description: Pterelachisus berteii Rondani, 1842
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1842a: 243.
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ in montuosis Parmae [Parmese mountains (Italy)]”.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 5 ♀♀, syntypes (one missing antennae and legs; one missing wings, left fore-, left mid- and both hind-legs; one missing wings, left fore- and mid-legs, hind-legs pinned together with pupa; one partially eaten by dermestids, missing wings and left hind-leg; one missing wings, left mid- and both hind-legs) (MZUF: Box 62): Tipula berteii Rnd. / 3191; 1 ♀, syntype (missing both wings, legs glued to a cardboard) (OUMNH Verrall- Collin Palaearctic Residues: Box 148.9): syntype / P. berteii Ex. Coll. Bigot / P. Berteii ♀ Type! Appennin. [= Apennines] Mont. Rondani / G. Pterelachisus Rondani.
 CURRENT STATUS: valid species, as Tipula (Pterelachisus) berteii (Oosterbroek & Theowald 1992: 132, Oosterbroek & Starý 1995: 13, Oosterbroek 2020).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1842a: 243) described Pterelachisus berteii from just the female sex, without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of lengths: “ ♂ Invisus [♂ Never seen]”. Mannheims (1962: 194) incorrectly designated one male in the MZUF as the lectotype. Of the 23 specimens in the MZUF, 18 are not included in the type series: 13 males because of their sex, and five specimens whose sex is not determinable. We found five syntypes in the MZUF and one in the OUMNH.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on pages 383-384, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Enchodelus vesuvianus Thorne 1939
Creators: name: Zullini, Aldo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1978
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Enoplea
Dorylaimida
Nordiidae
Enchodelus
Enchodelus vesuvianus

description: 20. ENCHODELUS VESUVIANUS (Cobb 1893) Thorne 1939
 ♀: L 0,96 mm; a = 20; b = 4,0; c' =46; V: 50%.
Stazione 6.
Questa specie, ritenuta rara, sembra invece essere diﬁusa in Italia: è stata trovata sulle pendici del Vesuvio (Cobb 1893), sulle Alpi centrali (Zullini 1960), in varie località della Sicilia (Vinciguerra 1972) e sulle Alpi Apuane (Vinciguerra e De Francisci 1973).
Degli esemplari maschi esaminati, uno possiede 8 supplementi preanali, due 9 supplementi, tre 10 supplementi, uno 11 e uno 12. Lo stiletto misura circa 23 μ, pari a 1,8 larghezze cefaliche.
description: Published as part of Zullini, Aldo, 1978, Nematodi liberi dell'Isola di Tavolara (Sardegna), pp. 67-76 in ACCADEMIA NAZIONALE DEI XL Estratto dai Rendiconti III (V) on pages 73-74, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10814862
Transverse Radial Expansion and Directed Flow
Creators: name: Voloshin, Sergei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of an interplay of radial expansion of the thermalized system created in a heavy ion collision and directed flow are discussed. It is shown that the study of azimuthal anisotropy of particle distribution as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum could reveal important information on both radial and directed flow.
description: RevTex, 7 pages , 1 figure included as Postscript file
High-precision abundances of elements in Kepler LEGACY stars. Verification of trends with stellar age
Creators: name: Nissen, P. E.
name: Aguirre, V. Silva
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Collet, R.
name: Grundahl, F.
name: Slumstrup, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HARPS-N spectra with S/N > 250 and MARCS model atmospheres were used to derive abundances of C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, and Y in ten stars from the Kepler LEGACY sample (including the binary pair 16 Cyg A and B) selected to have metallicities in the range -0.15 < [Fe/H] < +0.15 and ages between 1 and 7 Gyr. Stellar gravities were obtained from seismic data and effective temperatures were determined by comparing non-LTE iron abundances derived from FeI and FeII lines. Available non-LTE corrections were also applied when deriving abundances of the other elements. The results support the [X/Fe]-age relations previously found for solar twins. [Mg/Fe], [Al/Fe], and [Zn/Fe] decrease by ~0.1 dex over the lifetime of the Galactic thin disk due to delayed contribution of iron from Type Ia supernovae relative to prompt production of Mg, Al, and Zn in Type II supernovae. [Y/Mg] and [Y/Al], on the other hand, increase by ~0.3 dex, which can be explained by an increasing contribution of s-process elements from low-mass AGB stars as time goes on. The trends of [C/Fe] and [O/Fe] are more complicated due to variations of the ratio between refractory and volatile elements among stars of similar age. Two stars with about the same age as the Sun show very different trends of [X/H] as a function of elemental condensation temperature Tc and for 16 Cyg, the two components have an abundance difference, which increases with Tc. These anomalies may be connected to planet-star interactions.
description: 13 pages with 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
1D periodic potentials with gaps vanishing at k=0
Creators: name: Zagordi, O.
name: Michelangeli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Appearance of energy bands and gaps in the dispersion relations of a periodic potential is a standard feature of Quantum Mechanics. We investigate the class of one-dimensional periodic potentials for which all gaps vanish at the center of the Brillouin zone. We characterize them through a necessary and sufficient condition. Potentials of the form we focus on arise in different fields of Physics, from supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics, to Korteweg-de Vries equation theory and classical diffusion problems. The O.D.E. counterpart to this problem is the characterisation of periodic potentials for which coexistence occur of linearly independent solutions of the corresponding Schroedinger equation (Hill's equation). This result is placed in perspective of the previous related results available in the literature.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, version accepted for publication in Memoirs on Differential Equations and Mathematical Physics
Impact of Health Disclosure Laws on Health Information Exchanges
Creators: name: Adjerid, Idris
name: Acquisti, Alessandro
name: Padman, Rema
name: Telang, Rahul
name: Adler-Milstein, Julia
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Health information exchanges (HIEs) are expected to facilitate collaboration between healthcare entities and improve efficiency and quality of care through enhanced information sharing capabilities. Privacy concerns have been consistently cited as one of the primary challenges to HIE development and adoption. Currently, it is unclear how privacy laws – in particular, legislation restricting the disclosure of health records – have impacted the adoption of HIEs intended to facilitate sharing of health information. This study explores the landscape of health privacy legislation at the State level and examines the impact of variations in such privacy and confidentiality laws across the United States on the progress of HIEs.
Determination of stiffness and higher gradient coefficients by means of the embedded atom method: An approach for binary alloys
Creators: name: Böhme, Thomas
name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Müller, Wolfgang H.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: atomic potentials
subject: crystals
subject: elastic constants
subject: higher gradient coefficients
subject: phase diagram
subject: diffusion
subject: phase transformation
subject: phase field theories
subject: 74A15
subject: 74N05
subject: 74N25
subject: 82B20
subject: 82B26

description: For a quantitative theoretical description of phase separation and coarsening reliable data of stiffness constants and the so called Higher Gradient Coefficients (HGCs) are required. For that reason pair potentials of the Lennard-Jones type were used in [1] to provide a theoretical tool for their quantitative determination. Following up on this work these quantities are now calculated by means of the Embedded-Atom Method (EAM), a recently developed approach to describe interatomic potentials in metals. This is done, first, to achieve a better agreement between predicted and experimentally observed stiffness data as well as to avoid artifacts, such as the Cauchy paradox, and, second, to increase the trustworthiness of the HGCs for which experimental data are rarely available. After an introduction to the fundamentals of EAM it is outlined how it can be used for calculating stiffness constants and HGCs. In particular, Johnson's modification of EAM for nearest neighbor interactions [3] is applied to present explicit numerical results for a case study alloy, Ag-Cu, which has a ``simple" face-centered-cubic crystal structure and where it is comparatively easy to obtain all the required analysis data from the literature and to experimentally compare the predictions of mechanical data.
Mechanism of Atomic Hydrogen Addition Reactions on np-ASW
Creators: name: He, Jiao
name: Emtiaz, Shahnewaj M.
name: Vidali, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen, being the most abundant element, is the driver of many if not most reactions occurring on interstellar dust grains. In hydrogen atom addition reactions, the rate is usually determined by the surface kinetics of the hydrogen atom instead of the other reaction partner. Three mechanisms exist to explain hydrogen addition reactions on surfaces: Langmuir-Hinshelwood, Eley-Rideal, and hot-atom. In gas-grain models, which mechanism is assumed greatly affects the simulation results. In this work, we quantify the temperature dependence of the rates of atomic hydrogen addition reactions by studying the reaction of H+O$_3$$\rightarrow$O$_2$+OH on the surface of a film of non-porous amorphous solid water (np-ASW) in the temperature range from 10 K to 50 K. The reaction rate is found to be temperature independent. This disagrees with the results of simulations with a network of rate equations that assume Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism through either thermal diffusion or tunneling diffusion; the reaction rates assuming such mechanism possesses a strong temperature dependence, either explicitly or implicitly, that is not seen experimentally. We suggest that the Eley-Rideal and/or hot-atom mechanism play a key role in hydrogen atom addition reactions, and should be included in gas-grain models. We also suggest that our newly developed time-resolved reactive scattering can be utilized to measure the chemical desorption efficiency in grain surface reactions.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, ApJ accepted
title: Phycosociology of the Estuarine Eulittoral of Smith Island Virginia: A Quantitative Approach to Seasonal Periodicity
Creators: name: Willis, William M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1973

description:
Seasonal periodicity of benthic algae of the estuarine eulittoral of Smith Island, Virginia, (37°07’55” N, 75°55’ W), has been investigated on a qualitative and quantitative basis. Forty-three taxa of benthic eucaryiotic algae were found to be present; of these, twenty-one were quantitatively significant at least once during the course of the study. Five species represent additions to the Virginia flora, and, at the same time, also represent southern extensions of the known U.S. east coast range. The range of three other species has been extended, though they are not new to Virginia.

Review of the literature suggests two models of periodicity which may apply to the United States and Canadian Atlantic coasts. One is a “two season model” typified by Hoyt's (1920) interpretation of the Beaufort, North Carolina, flora. The other is a "continual change model” typified by the interpretation of the Digby Neck, Nova Scotia, flora by Edelstein et al., (1970). Analysis of the Smith Island data, and that from published studies of other areas, indicates that a pattern of alternation between a "summer red algal period" and a "winter brown algal period" may be described. However, the published literature provides no objective evidence in support of an alternation between a discrete summer flora and a discrete winter flora, as would be required in a two season model. To provide an objective basis for interpreting seasonal patterns for the benthic algae of the estuarine eulittoral of Smith Island Jaccard and Kulczyński coefficients have been employed. The results of this analysis indicate that the estuarine algal flora of Smith Island conforms to the continual change model. Data from published studies of the seasonal distribution of benthic algae in other localities were treated in the same fashion. While there were some indications that in some instances the flora persisted for two and occasionally three months there was no indication of an alternation between floras. It is concluded that the continual change model is most applicable.
Unifying Neural-network Quantum States and Correlator Product States via Tensor Networks
Creators: name: Clark, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlator product states (CPS) are a powerful and very broad class of states for quantum lattice systems whose amplitudes can be sampled exactly and efficiently. They work by gluing together states of overlapping clusters of sites on the lattice, called correlators. Recently Carleo and Troyer Science 355, 602 (2017) introduced a new type sampleable ansatz called neural-network quantum states (NQS) that are inspired by the restricted Boltzmann model used in machine learning. By employing the formalism of tensor networks we show that NQS are a special form of CPS with novel properties. Diagramatically a number of simple observations become transparent. Namely, that NQS are CPS built from extensively sized GHZ-form correlators, which are related to a canonical polyadic decomposition of a tensor, making them uniquely unbiased geometrically. Another immediate implication of the equivalence to CPS is that we are able to formulate exact NQS representations for a wide range of paradigmatic states, including superposition of weighed-graph states, the Laughlin state, toric code states, and the resonating valence bond state. These examples reveal the potential of using higher dimensional hidden units and a second hidden layer in NQS. The major outlook of this study is the elevation of NQS to correlator operators allowing them to enhance conventional well-established variational Monte Carlo approaches for strongly correlated fermions.
description: 40 pages, 27 figures. Comments most welcome
Immigrants Equilibrate Local Labor Markets: Evidence from the Great Recession
Creators: name: Cadena, Brian C.
name: Kovak, Brian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper demonstrates that low-skilled Mexican-born immigrants’ location choices in the U.S. respond strongly to changes in local labor demand, and that this geographic elasticity helps equalize spatial differences in labor market outcomes for low-skilled native workers, who are much less responsive. We leverage the substantial geographic variation in employment losses that occurred during Great Recession, and our results confirm the standard finding that high-skilled populations are quite geographically responsive to employment opportunities while low-skilled populations are much less so. However, low-skilled immigrants, especially those from Mexico, respond even more strongly than high-skilled native-born workers. These results are robust to a wide variety of controls, a pre-recession falsification test, and two instrumental variables strategies. Moreover, we show that natives living in metro areas with a substantial Mexican-born population are insulated from the effects of local labor demand shocks compared to those in places with few Mexicans. The reallocation of the Mexican-born workforce reduced the incidence of local demand shocks on low-skilled natives’ employment outcomes by roughly 40 percent.
The Algebra of Observables of the closed Bosonic String in (1+3)-dimensional Minkowski-Space: updating the structural Analysis
Creators: name: Pohlmeyer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of the present paper is the communication of some results and observations which shed new light on the algebraic structure of the algebra of string observables both in the classical and in the quantum theory.