cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topological superconductivity in an ultrathin, magnetically-doped topological insulator proximity coupled to a conventional superconductor
Creators: name: Kim, Youngseok
name: Philip, Timothy M.
name: Park, Moon Jip
name: Gilbert, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a promising candidate system to realize topological superconductivity, the system of a 3D topological insulator (TI) grown on top of the s-wave superconductor has been extensively studied. To access the topological superconductivity experimentally, the 3D TI sample must be thin enough to allow for Cooper pair tunneling to the exposed surface of TI. The use of magnetically ordered dopants to break time-reversal symmetry may allow the surface of a TI to host Majorana fermion, which are believed to be a signature of topological superconductivity. In this work, we study a magnetically-doped thin film TI-superconductor hybrid systems. Considering the proximity induced order parameter in thin film of TI, we analyze the gap closing points of the Hamiltonian and draw the phase diagram as a function of relevant parameters: the hybridization gap, Zeeman energy, and chemical potential of the TI system. Our findings provide a useful guide in choosing relevant parameters to facilitate the observation of topological superconductivity in thin film TI-superconductor hybrid systems. In addition, we further perform numerical analysis on a TI proximity coupled to a s-wave superconductor and find that, due to the spin-momentum locked nature of the surface states in TI, the induced s-wave order parameter of the surface states persists even at large magnitude of the Zeeman energy.
Quantum and Thermal Phase Transitions in a Bosonic Atom-Molecule Mixture in a Two-dimensional Optical Lattice
Creators: name: de Parny, Laurent de Forges
name: Rousseau, Valéry G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state and the thermal phase diagram of a two-species Bose-Hubbard model, with $U(1)\times \mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, describing atoms and molecules on a 2D optical lattice interacting via a Feshbach resonance. Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations and mean field theory, we show that the conversion between the two-species, coherently coupling the atomic and molecular states, has a crucial impact on the Mott-Superfluid transition and stabilizes an insulating phase with a gap controlled by the conversion term -- \textit{the Feshbach insulator} -- instead of a standard Mott insulating phase. Depending on the detuning between atoms and molecules, this model exhibits three phases: the Feshbach insulator, a molecular condensate coexisting with non condensed atoms and a mixed atomic-molecular condensate. Employing a finite-size scaling method, we observe 3D XY (3D Ising) transition when $U(1)$ ($ \mathbb{Z}_2$) is broken whereas the transition is first-order when both $U(1)$ and $ \mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetries are spontaneously broken. The finite temperature phase diagram is also discussed. The thermal disappearance of the molecular superfluid leads to a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition with unusual universal jump in the superfluid density. The loss of the quasi-long-range coherence of the mixed atomic and molecular superfluid is more subtle since only atoms exhibit conventional Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless criticality. We also observe a classical first-order transition between the mixed superfluid and the normal Bose liquid at low temperature.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Performance Evaluation of the Abbott RealTime MTB and RIF/INH Resistance Assays for the Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Resistance Markers in Respiratory Specimens at Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Hospital, Hosanna, South Ethiopia.
Creators: name: Tesfaye, Bezalem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Background: Despite the availability of highly efficacious treatment, TB remains a major global health concern and its control is hampered by lack of early and accurate diagnosis. The Abbott RealTime MTB and RIF/INH assays are recently launched high-throughput automated nucleic acid amplification tests by Abbott laboratories for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB) and genetic markers of resistance to Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampin (RIF) from respiratory specimens. This test could be useful in Ethiopia for early and accurate diagnosis, however as far as our knowledge its performance is not evaluated so far. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the Abbott RealTime MTB and RIF/INH assays for the detection of M. tuberculosis and resistance markers from respiratory specimens. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 112 study subjects presumptive to have pulmonary tuberculosis at Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial Hospital, Hossana, South Ethiopia from April to December 2017. Two morning expectorated sputum specimens were collected from each study participant. One sample was tested directly by Xpert MTB/RIF assay and the other was used for smear microscopy, TB culture, Abbott RealTime MTB and INH/RIF Assays. Data was entered and analyzed using STATA statistical software version 12.1. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV was calculated using MGIT 960 as a reference. Kappa statistics was applied to test agreement between assays. Results: For the detection of MTB the Abbott RealTime MTB assay exhibited an overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 92.3%, 93.8%, 85.7% and 96.8% respectively. For Rifampicin resistance MTB (RR-MTB) detection, the Abbott RealTime MTB RIF/INH assay showed 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV while for the detection of INH resistance MTB the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the Abbott MTB RIF/INH assay was 81.8%, 100%, 91% and 100% respectively. In this study strong agreement was found between the Abbott RealTime MTB and Xpert/ RIF assays for MTB (k=0.81) and RR-TB detection (k= 1). Conclusion: The Abbott RealTime MTB and RIF/INH assays revealed high sensitivity and specificity in MTB diagnosis and provide reliable INH and RIF resistance profile. This test has similar diagnostic performance to Xpert RIF/INH assay with the advantages of high-throughput. This test could be a suitable and an alternative for high TB burden countries such as Ethiopia.
Investigation on antibacterial and antifungal activity of some selected medicinal plants in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abebe, Abiy
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Background: Cognizant of the fact that, there has been an alarming increase in the incidences of infectious diseases, emerging and re-emerging antibiotic resistance organisms; there is an urgent need of novel antimicrobial compounds with new mode of action, effective and inexpensive. One potential source for the search of such agent is medicinal plants due to the presence of wide range secondary metabolites in their tissue. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of 12 traditionally used Ethiopian medicinal plants for their potency, spectrum of antibacterial, antifungal activity and acute toxicity. Methods: Ethnobotanical literature survey was conducted to select 12 medicinal plants. Antimicrobial activities of 80% Ethanol extracts of all plants were investigated by agar well diffusion techniques against 22 organisms. Agar dilution techniques were employed to determine the Minimum Inhibitory, Bactericidal and Fungicidal Concentrations. The Oral acute toxicity study was determined on the most active plant extract B. abyssinica. Results: Among investigated medicinal plants, B. abyssinica, X. strumarium, R. natalensis, Z. scabra, E. cymosa, C. abyssinica and S. abyssinica, showed strong antibacterial activity with inhibition zone ranging from 9-27 mm; while, B. abyssinica (42 mm) and X. strumarium (48 mm) showed strong antifungal activity. The extracts of B. abyssinica showed most potent antimicrobial activity with MIC value ranging 0.250-16 mg/ml. Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive organism against B. abyssinica with MIC value of 0.25 mg/ml. Nevertheless, K. pneumoniae and Citrobacter species were the least sensitive bacteria with 16 mg/ml MIC and MBC value. T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum were the most susceptible fungal organism to the treatment of B. abyssinica, X. strumarium while, A. niger was the most resistant fungus. The LD 50 of B. abyssinica was found to be 4103.175 mg/kg. Conclusion: The majority of the plants tested showed promising antibacterial and antifungal potency, especially on gram positive bacteria and dermatophytes. Further studies are recommended to explore in-vivo efficacy, mechanism of action and toxicological studies of the most promising plant.
Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections, ABO blood grouping and antibody screening among blood donors at Defense Health Main Department Bella Blood Bank Center of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Creators: name: Belay, Benyam
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: The presence of blood borne infections in blood cells or plasma of asymptomatic donors is the major risk factors for transmitting infectious agents through blood transfusion.Common infectious agents include Hepatitis B virus,Hepatitis C virus , Human immunodeficiency virus and Syphilis . Objective: To determine prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections ,ABO blood grouping and Antibody screening among blood donors at Defense Health Main Department Bella Blood Bank center of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology: A retrospective study on the magnitude of TTIs among blood donors was conducted from January2010 to April2019 at Defense Health Main Department Bella Blood Bank center Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The socio-demography, TTI, ABO typing and antibody screen data was first entered into Excel spread sheet from the institutions file by removing any identifier, cleaned and then finally exported to SPSS Version24 software for analysis.Proportion and P-value was used to calculate statistical significances. P-value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: The overall prevalence of TTI was 99(10.8%) out of 927 voluntary donors. The prevalence is 93(11.8%)in male and 6(4.2%) in Female. Majority affected agegroup were 46-58(16.4%) followed by 36-45(10.4).The prevalence of HIV,HBV, HCV and Syphilis was 8(0.9%),46(5%),23(2.5%)and 22(2.4%) respectively.Five out of 927(0.53%)had multiple infections, the most common combinations were HBV-HCV 2(0.21%), HBV-Syphilis 2(0.21%) and Syphilis-HCV 1(0.1%). Antibody screening profile revealed 1(0.1%)positive. Conclusion: Th e overall prevalence of TTI was 10.8. promoting of health education among the donor community and enhancement of voluntary donation is recommended.
Illumination of convex bodies with many symmetries
Creators: name: Tikhomirov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $n\geq C$ for a large universal constant $C>0$, and let $B$ be a convex body in $R^n$ such that for any $(x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n)\in B$, any choice of signs $\varepsilon_1,\varepsilon_2,\dots,\varepsilon_n\in\{-1,1\}$ and for any permutation $σ$ on $n$ elements we have $(\varepsilon_1x_{σ(1)},\varepsilon_2x_{σ(2)},\dots,\varepsilon_nx_{σ(n)})\in B$. We show that if $B$ is not a cube then $B$ can be illuminated by strictly less than $2^n$ sources of light. This confirms the Hadwiger--Gohberg--Markus illumination conjecture for unit balls of $1$-symmetric norms in $R^n$ for all sufficiently large $n$.
Application of joint model in characterizing pre- and post-dementia trajectory of cognitive function
Creators: name: Eukyung Yhang
name: LeClair, Jessica
name: Yorghos Tripodis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The e4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is well-recognized as a strong risk factor for incidence of dementia. However, there have been conflicting results on the effect of the allele on cognitive function after dementia onset. As the allele is also implicated in other diseases related to early mortality, there may exist a survival bias impacting the performance of a traditional mixed effects model. Therefore, we propose the use of joint modeling to examine whether the association between APOE e4 and cognitive function is changed before and after dementia onset. Here, we define cognitive function using multiple longitudinal outcomes measuring four cognitive domains of memory, attention, executive function, and language. We use a multivariate joint model with a time to death outcome, and draw a comparison to univariate joint models . We use as a motivating example data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center.
Radiative charge transfer in collisions of C with He+
Creators: name: Babb, James F.
name: McLaughlin, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative charge exchange collisions between a carbon atom C(${}^3$P) and a helium ion He+, both in their ground state, are investigated theoretically. Detailed quantum chemistry calculations are carried out to obtain potential energy curves and transition dipole matrix elements for doublet and quartet molecular states of the HeC+ cation. Radiative charge transfer cross sections and rate coefficients are calculated and are found at thermal and lower energies to be large compared to those for direct charge transfer. The present results might be applicable to modelling the complex interplay of [C II] (or C+), C, and CO at the boundaries of interstellar photon dominated regions (PDRs) and in xray dominated regions (XDRs), where the abundance of He+ affects the abundance of CO.
description: revised two figs., added one fig
Transmission spectroscopy of the inflated exoplanet WASP-52b, and evidence for a bright region on the stellar surface
Creators: name: Kirk, J.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
name: Louden, T.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Copperwheat, C. M.
name: Armstrong, D. J.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the transmission spectrum of the extremely inflated hot Jupiter WASP-52b using simultaneous photometric observations in SDSS u', g' and a filter centred on the sodium doublet (NaI) with the ULTRACAM instrument mounted on the 4.2m William Herschel Telescope. We find that Rayleigh scattering is not the dominant source of opacity within the planetary atmosphere and find a transmission spectrum more consistent with wavelength-independent opacity such as from clouds. We detect an in-transit anomaly that we attribute to the presence of stellar activity and find that this feature can be more simply modelled as a bright region on the stellar surface akin to Solar faculae rather than spots. A spot model requires a significantly larger planet/star radius ratio than that found in previous studies. Our results highlight the precision that can be achieved by ground-based photometry with errors in the scaled planetary radii of less than one atmospheric scale height, comparable to HST observations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Non-Autonomous Maximal $L^p$-Regularity under Fractional Sobolev Regularity in Time
Creators: name: Fackler, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65 (Primary) 35K10, 35B45, 47D06 (Secondary)

description: We prove non-autonomous maximal $L^p$-regularity results on UMD spaces replacing the common Hölder assumption by a weaker fractional Sobolev regularity in time. This generalizes recent Hilbert space results by Dier and Zacher. In particular, on $L^q(Ω)$ we obtain maximal $L^p$-regularity for $p \ge 2$ and elliptic operators in divergence form with uniform $VMO$-modulus in space and $W^{α,p}$-regularity for $α> \frac{1}{2}$ in time.
description: 19 pages
Experimental demonstration of graphene plasmons working close to the near-infrared window
Creators: name: Wang, Zhongli
name: Li, Tao
name: Almdal, Kristoffer
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
name: Xiao, Sanshui
name: Ndoni, Sokol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to strong mode-confinement, long propagation-distance, and unique tunability, graphene plasmons have been widely explored in the mid-infrared and terahertz windows. However, it remains a big challenge to push graphene plasmons to shorter wavelengths in order to integrate graphene plasmon concepts with existing mature technologies in the near-infrared region. We investigate localized graphene plasmons supported by graphene nanodisks and experimentally demonstrated graphene plasmon working at 2 μm with the aid of a fully scalable block copolymer self-assembly method. Our results show a promising way to promote graphene plasmons for both fundamental studies and potential applications in the near-infrared window.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, a revised version
High-resolution studies in microwave and infrared molecular spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bruget, D.N.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Critical Velocity in the Presence of Surface Bound States in Superfluid $^3$He-B
Creators: name: Zheng, P.
name: Jiang, W. G.
name: Barquist, C. S.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Chan, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microelectromechanical oscillator with a gap of 1.25 $μ$m was immersed in superfluid $^3$He-B and cooled below 250 $μ$K at various pressures. Mechanical resonances of its shear motion were measured at various levels of driving force. The oscillator enters into a nonlinear regime above a certain threshold velocity. The damping increases rapidly in the nonlinear region and eventually prevents the velocity of the oscillator from increasing beyond the critical velocity which is much lower than the Landau critical velocity. We propose that this peculiar nonlinear behavior stems from the escape of quasiparticles from the surface bound states into the bulk fluid.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
DNA barcoding of five economically important freshwater fish species from the Nile River, Sudan
Creators: name: Hamza, Asma Mahmoud
name: Mohammed, Amna Taj Elsir Mahjoub
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The study was conducted to barcode five freshwater fish species obtained from Nile River tributaries (the Atbara River and the Blue Nile), in March 2019, using analysis of partial CO1 gene sequences. Fish samples were identified morphologically as Nile perch Lates niloticus, Nile labeo Labeo vulgaris, North African catfish Clarias gariepinus, Cornish jack Mormyrops anguilloides and bebe mormyrid Hyperopisus bebe. Following DNA extraction, universal primers were used for amplification of the CO1 barcode region. The PCR products were sequenced and used for molecular identification. Each sequence was matched to corresponding GenBank sequences using the BLAST technique. Sequences of all specimens were aligned along with the GenBank published sequences and polymorphic sites were identified. The analysed sequences were uploaded to GenBank under the accession numbers OL804282– OL804286. The analysed partial CO1 barcode gene showed a readable length of ∼548–669 base pairs. Sequence comparison of CO1 gene sequences with sequences published in GenBank revealed 99.27–100% identities at the species level. Therefore, the CO1 barcodes accurately identified all the studied freshwater fishes. This is the first molecular DNA barcode characterisation of freshwater fish species found in Sudan. The fish CO1 gene sequences revealed in this study will serve as barcode references for future characterisations of Nile River fishes.
A new search for the $K_{L} \to π^0 ν\overlineν$ and $K_{L} \to π^{0} X^{0}$ decays
Creators: name: Ahn, J. K.
name: Baek, K. Y.
name: Banno, S.
name: Beckford, B.
name: Brubaker, B.
name: Cai, T.
name: Campbell, M.
name: Carruth, C.
name: Chen, S. H.
name: Chu, S.
name: Comfort, J.
name: Duh, Y. T.
name: Furukawa, T.
name: Haraguchi, H.
name: Hineno, T.
name: Hsiung, Y. B.
name: Hutcheson, M.
name: Inagaki, T.
name: Isoe, M.
name: Iwai, E.
name: Kamibayashi, T.
name: Kamiji, I.
name: Kawasaki, N.
name: Kim, E. J.
name: Kim, Y. J.
name: Ko, J. W.
name: Komatsubara, T. K.
name: Kurilin, A. S.
name: Lee, G. H.
name: Lee, H. S.
name: Lee, J. W.
name: Lee, S. K.
name: Lim, G. Y.
name: Lin, C.
name: Ma, J.
name: Maeda, Y.
name: Masuda, T.
name: Matsumura, T.
name: Mcfarland, D.
name: Micallef, J.
name: Miyazaki, K.
name: Morgan, K.
name: Murayama, R.
name: Naito, D.
name: Nakagiri, K.
name: Nakajima, Y.
name: Nakaya, Y.
name: Nanjo, H.
name: Nomura, T.
name: Nomura, T.
name: Odani, Y.
name: Ogata, R.
name: Okuno, H.
name: Ota, T.
name: Ri, Y. D.
name: Sasaki, M.
name: Sasao, N.
name: Sato, K.
name: Sato, T.
name: Seki, S.
name: Shimogawa, T.
name: Shinkawa, T.
name: Shinohara, S.
name: Shiomi, K.
name: Son, J. S.
name: Stevens, J.
name: Su, S.
name: Sugiyama, Y.
name: Suzuki, S.
name: Tajima, Y.
name: Takahashi, G.
name: Takashima, Y.
name: Tecchio, M.
name: Teo, I.
name: Togawa, M.
name: Toyoda, T.
name: Tung, Y. C.
name: Usuki, T.
name: Wah, Y. W.
name: Watanabe, H.
name: Whallon, N.
name: Woo, J. K.
name: Xu, J.
name: Yamaga, M.
name: Yamamoto, S.
name: Yamanaka, T.
name: Yamauchi, H.
name: Yanagida, Y.
name: Yokota, H.
name: Yoshida, H. Y.
name: Yoshimoto, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched for the $CP$-violating rare decay of neutral kaon, $K_{L} \to π^0 ν\overlineν$, in data from the first 100 hours of physics running in 2013 of the J-PARC KOTO experiment. One candidate event was observed while $0.34\pm0.16$ background events were expected. We set an upper limit of $5.1\times10^{-8}$ for the branching fraction at the 90\% confidence level (C.L.). An upper limit of $3.7\times10^{-8}$ at the 90\% C.L. for the $K_{L} \to π^{0} X^{0}$decay was also set for the first time, where $X^{0}$ is an invisible particle with a mass of 135 MeV/$c^{2}$.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, to be published in PTEP
MPEC 2024-R02 : 2024 QA2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 QA2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Mössbauer effect investigation of some paramagnetic iron compounds.
Creators: name: Buckley, (Alan N.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
MPEC 2024-R03 : 2024 QB2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 QB2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Assessment of Quality Assurance practice and proficiency of HIV rapid testing providers at point of care sites in selected public health facility of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tulu, Sisay
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Background: The implementation of HIV point-of-care testing technologies reduced turn-around-time (TAT), pre-analytical errors and sample transporting errors. But, it increased the complexity of QA implementation because it involves non laboratorians and outspread the testing sites to be covered by Proficiency testing. Objectives: To assess quality assurance practice for HIV rapid testing services at point of care sites in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted based on random sampling technique in 3 hospitals and 41 health centers which included 265 point of care HIV rapid testing sites. Conveniently 310 HIV Rapid Test providers were also included. Standardized Checklists were used for the assessment. Data were captured, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: HIV rapid testing sites had 65.59% performance score. Of the 265 point of care HIV rapid testing sites that were evaluated On-site, 0.4% of them have Zero level performance which Needs improvement in all areas and immediate remediation. One level performance was noted in 27.2% of testing points which needs improvement in specific areas; and 64.2% of testing points have level two performance which means partly eligible for HIV rapid testing. Three level performances that is close to national site certification is seen in 7.9% of testing points. Among 310 HIV rapid testing providers, 302 (97.4%) could correctly detect negative and positive panel samples. Eight (2.6%) had discordant result during screening test (test one) among these 3(37.5%) had false positive reports that corrected through the algorithm on the final result; 4 (50%) had false negative reports and 1(10%) was report as invalid. In the onsite checklist, lack of SOP for safety, use of expired Kits, lack of clean water for hand washing at testing sites, data management of quality elements of Registrations book contents and lack of personnel training on internal quality control and External quality assurance, lack of timer, were mentioned as a major bottle neck for quality performance. Conclusion: HIV rapid testing sites had 65.59% performance score which is below 80 %. HIV rapid testing providers scored 99.40% for proficiency panel testing which is below acceptable score of 100%. False negative results need attention since positives are released to the community due to misdiagnosis. Immediate intervention is needed on the identified findings.
SaKı Formülü: Dizilerde Yeni Bir Formül
Creators: name: Kaya, Rıdvan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Sakı Formülü
Dizilerde Yeni Bir Formül

description: Bu çalışma, SaKı formülünü tanıtarak, bu formülün matematiksel diziler üzerindeki etkilerini ve çeşitli uygulama alanlarını araştırmaktadır. SaKı formülü, Sn = n×n + 1 şeklindedir ve basit aritmetik çarpım kurallarına dayanır.
Synthesis of organoamidoplatinum (II) complexes
Creators: name: Buxton, David Peter
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The Quantum Pinch Effect in Semiconducting Quantum Wires: A Bird's-Eye View
Creators: name: Kushwaha, Manvir S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Those who measure success with culmination do not seem to be aware that life is a journey not a destination. This spirit is best reflected in the unceasing failures in efforts for solving the problem of controlled thermonuclear fusion for even the simplest pinches for over decades; and the nature keeps us challenging with examples. However, these efforts have permitted researchers the obtention of a dense plasma with a lifetime that, albeit short, is sufficient to study the physics of the pinch effect, to create methods of plasma diagnostics, and to develop a modern theory of plasma processes. Most importantly, they have impregnated the solid state plasmas, particularly the electron-hole plasmas in semiconductors, which do not suffer from the issues related with the confinement and which have demonstrated their potential not only for the fundamental physics but also for the device physics. Here, we report on a two-component, cylindrical, quasi-one-dimensional quantum plasma subjected to a {\em radial} confining harmonic potential and an applied magnetic field in the symmetric gauge. It is demonstrated that such a system as can be realized in semiconducting quantum wires offers an excellent medium for observing the quantum pinch effect at low temperatures. An exact analytical solution of the problem allows us to make significant observations: surprisingly, in contrast to the classical pinch effect, the particle density as well as the current density display a {\em determinable} maximum before attaining a minimum at the surface of the quantum wire. The effect will persist as long as the equilibrium pair density is sustained. Therefore, the technological promise that emerges is the route to the precise electronic devices that will control the particle beams at the nanoscale.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1306.3567
Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on HbA1c in Diabetic Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A case control study, 2016
Creators: name: Solomon, Absra
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is the predominant hemoglobin found in HbA1 fractions. The International Expert Committee recommends A1C assay is accurate, precise measures of chronic glycemic levels thus recommend the use of HbA1c for diagnosing diabetes. On the other hand, the committee stated any condition that changes red cell turnover, such as sickle cell anemia, hemolytic anemia, chronic malaria, major blood loss, or blood transfusions, iron deficiency anemia (IDA), renal failure will lead to spurious A1C results. Objective: To determine the effect of IDA on HbA1c in diabetic patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A case-control study was conducted to assess the effect of IDA on HbA1c in diabetic patients from April to July 2016. A convenient sampling method was used and 174 diabetic patients (87 IDA and 87 without IDA) were included in the study. CBC (Complete blood count), Serum ferritin were performed by Cell dyn 1800 hematology analyzer, COBAS INTEGRA 400 plus 800 Chemistry analyzer and HbA1c by COBAS C 111 analyzer respectively for the IDA and control group. The data was entered into Excel Spread sheet and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 software systems for analysis. Pearson"s correlation, chi-square, independent t-test was calculated. The data was presented as mean ± SD. P-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result: Our finding showed that the mean RBC, Hgb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC were lower in IDA group compared to the control group. HbA1c (%) level were significantly lower in IDA group (6.18 ± 1.57) compared with the control group (7.74 ± 1.81) (p<0.05). The association between HbA1c and hematological parameters of the IDA patients showed no stastical significance. Conclusion: HbA1c were significantly lower in IDA group compared to the control group. Therefore monitoring these patients could be misleading hence physician and health care providers should take this into account before making any therapeutic decision. Keyword: HbA1c, Iron deficiency anemia, diabetic mellitus
Reactions of 1, 4-dienes with chlorinating agents
Creators: name: Niere, Julie Olive
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Efficiency of nonspinning templates in gravitational wave searches for aligned-spin binary black holes
Creators: name: Cho, Hee-Suk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the efficiency of nonspinning waveform templates in gravitational wave searches for aligned-spin binary black holes (BBHs). We use PhenomD, which is the most recent phenomenological waveform model designed to generate the full inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms emitted from BBHs with the spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum. Here, we treat the effect of aligned-spins with a single spin parameter $χ$. We consider the BBH signals with moderately small spins in the range of $-0.4\leq χ\leq 0.4$. Using nonspinning templates, we calculate fitting factors of the aligned-spin signals in a wide mass range up to $\sim 100 M_{\odot}$. We find that the signals with negative spins can have higher fitting factors than those with positive spins. If $χ= 0.3$, only the highly asymmetric-mass signals can have the fitting factors exceeding the threshold of 0.965, while the fitting factors for all of the signals can be larger than the threshold if $χ= -0.3$. We demonstrate that the discrepancy between the regions of a positive and a negative spins is due to the physical boundary ($η\leq 0.25$) of the template parameter space. We also show that the recovered mass parameters can be significantly biased from the true parameters. We examine the impact of the systematic bias on the parameter estimation by comparing the bias with the statistical error.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, matching to the published version in PRD
The morning glory and related tropical cloud line disturbances
Creators: name: Noonan, Julie Ann
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Manipulating matter waves in an optical superlattice
Creators: name: Reid, Brendan
name: Moreno-Cardoner, Maria
name: Sherson, Jacob
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential for controlling a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into a one-dimensional optical superlattice. Our control strategy combines Bloch oscillations originating from accelerating the lattice and from time-dependent control of the superlattice parameters. We investigate two experimentally viable scenarios, very low and very high potential depths. We are able to exhibit a wide range of control over energy band populations using the superlattice control parameters. With this analysis we consider several examples of quantum state preparation in the superlattice structure that may be difficult to achieve in a regular lattice.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Updated version as an artist's work is never finished, and due to publication. DOI & journal ref added
Lipids as Indirect Biomarkers of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients with and Without Hiv Infection in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Amare, Yemane
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Background: - Even though some studies have shown that lipids could be indirect markers of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), there is no sufficient data from Ethiopia which characterize the level of these markers during TB disease and infection. Nonetheless, the effect of HIV co-infection and its treatment on the level of these makers is not well investigated. Objective: - to determine whether lipids are indirect biomarkers of pulmonary TB in pts with or with out HIV infection. Methods: - fasting plasma samples collected from 159 untreated adults visiting various health institutions in Addis Ababa (44 HIV+/TB+, 49 HIV-/TB+, 17 HIV+/TST+, 24 HIV-/TST+ and 25 HIV-/TST-) at baseline, from 88 (30 HIV+/TB+, 47 HIV-/TB+ and 11 HIV+/TST+) groups after 6 month of ATT and ART and from 31 (20 HIV+/TB+ and 11 HIV+/TST+) groups after 18 months of ART and stored for five years at -80 0C until analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) using Cobas Integra 400 plus. We used stata version 11 for statistical analysis. Results: -at baseline, mean level of TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly lower in HIV-TB+, HIV+TB+ and HIV+TST+ as compared to HIV-TST+ and HIV-TST-. TG was also significantly lower in HIV+/TB+, HIV-TB+ and HIV+/TST+ than in HIV-TST-. Patients with HIV-/TB+ were also significantly different from HIV-/TST+ groups for TG levels. On the other hand HIV-TB+, HIV+TB+ and HIV+TST+ did not differ significantly from each other for most lipid profiles except for HDL-C that was markedly lower in HIV+/TB+ than HIV-/TB+ and HIV+/TST+ groups. After 6 month of ATT for HIV-/TB+ groups, significant increases were observed in TC, LDL-C and HDL-C. Proportion of patients with abnormal high TC, TG and LDL-C after ATT was very few (≈ 4%). For HIV+/TB+ patients, After 4 months of ART and 6 month of ATT, significant increases were observed in TC, TG and HDL-C levels. At 18 months, the proportion of patients with TC levels ≥ 200 mg/dl had increased significantly, from 0 to 20 % and TG levels > 150 mg/dl from 0 to 30 %. However, the proportion of patients with HDL-C levels < 40 mg/dl decreased significantly, from 95 % to 50 %. For HIV+/TST+ patients, After 6 months of ART, no significant change in all lipid levels. However, after 18 months of treatment, TC levels significantly increased by a mean of 61 mg/dl and LDL-C increased by 37 mg/dl Conclusion and recommendations: In addition to cardiovascular risk prediction, if confirmed in further studies with larger sample size and combined with other prognostic clinical and laboratory markers, measurement of plasma lipids may allow clinicians and investigators to target patients with pulmonary TB in whom microscopy is most likely to yield a pathogen. Key words: TB, TB/HIV co-infection, biomarker, lipids, ATT, ART
Generalized Inverse Classification
Creators: name: Lash, Michael T.
name: Lin, Qihang
name: Street, W. Nick
name: Robinson, Jennifer G.
name: Ohlmann, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inverse classification is the process of perturbing an instance in a meaningful way such that it is more likely to conform to a specific class. Historical methods that address such a problem are often framed to leverage only a single classifier, or specific set of classifiers. These works are often accompanied by naive assumptions. In this work we propose generalized inverse classification (GIC), which avoids restricting the classification model that can be used. We incorporate this formulation into a refined framework in which GIC takes place. Under this framework, GIC operates on features that are immediately actionable. Each change incurs an individual cost, either linear or non-linear. Such changes are subjected to occur within a specified level of cumulative change (budget). Furthermore, our framework incorporates the estimation of features that change as a consequence of direct actions taken (indirectly changeable features). To solve such a problem, we propose three real-valued heuristic-based methods and two sensitivity analysis-based comparison methods, each of which is evaluated on two freely available real-world datasets. Our results demonstrate the validity and benefits of our formulation, framework, and methods.
description: Accepted to SDM 2017. Full paper + supplemental material
Studies of new approaches to the total synthesis of steroids
Creators: name: Burge, Geoffrey L.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Competency Assessment on Gram Stain Examination and Interpretation among Medical Laboratory Professionals working in selected Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tsehay, Adugna
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Background: Laboratory test results are the cornerstone for patient diagnosis and treatment. Gram staining is one of the classic laboratory test method actively used to differentiate bacteria. However, gram stain examination and interpretation is difficult for medical laboratory professionals as it requires multiple observations and years of experience. In Ethiopia, no published evidence about competency assessment of medical laboratory professionals' gram staining technique was available. Such kind of information could help to identify gaps and make suggestions to academicians, researchers and policy makers to address competency gaps. Objective: To assess the competency of medical laboratory professionals on gram stain examination and interpretation in selected hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess competency of medical laboratory professionals on gram stain examination and interpretation from September 2015 to December 2017. Purposive sampling method was used and panel slides were prepared from Known bacterial strains in American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Data were collected from190 participants based on examination and interpretation of six gram stained panel slides and response for 15 multiple questions. When then entered data into a REDCap software and analysis was performed by R software. The study used Bloom's cut off point to describe knowledge and skill of the respondents. Results: From 190 participants, 55(28.9%) participants scored low knowledge, 131(68.9%) scored medium knowledge and only 4(2.1%) respondents scored high knowledge. Forty eight (25.3%), 78(41%) and 64(33.7%) participants scored low, medium and high skill level from a total of 190 participants, respectively. Conclusion: Most Medical laboratory professionals are working without supervision and refresher training on gram stain examination and interpretation. Hence, the knowledge level and skill level of medical laboratory professionals are not satisfactory. Regular competence assessment, training and follow up are necessary to improve Medical Laboratory Professional competence.
Holographic Entanglement Entropy in NMG
Creators: name: Basanisi, Luca
name: Chakrabortty, Shankhadeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that a higher derivative theory, such as New Massive Gravity, allows the existence of new entangling surfaces with non-zero extrinsic curvature. We perform the analysis for Lifshitz and Warped $AdS$ space times, revealing the role of the higher derivative contributions in the calculation of the holographic entanglement entropy. Finally, as an outcome of our holographic analysis we briefly comment on the dual boundary theory.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure. v3: published version
Experimental observation of a topological phase in the maximally entangled state of a pair of qubits
Creators: name: Suter, Dieter
name: Du, Jiangfeng
name: Zhu, Jing
name: Shi, Mingjun
name: Peng, Xinhua
Publisher: name: The American PHysical Society
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Quantum mechanical phase factors can be related to dynamical effects or to the geometrical properties of a trajectory in a given space—either parameter space or Hilbert space. Here, we experimentally investigate a quantum mechanical phase factor that reflects the topology of the SO(3) group: since rotations by pi around antiparallel axes are identical, this space is doubly connected. Using a pair of nuclear spins in a maximally entangled state, we subject one of the spins to a cyclic evolution. If the corresponding trajectory in SO(3) can be smoothly deformed to a point, the quantum state at the end of the trajectory is identical to the initial state. For all other trajectories the quantum state changes sign.
The Regge calculus in numerical relativity
Creators: name: Brewin, Leo Christopher
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Classical and quantum shortcuts to adiabaticity in a tilted piston
Creators: name: Patra, Ayoti
name: Jarzynski, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic quantum state evolution can be accelerated through a variety of shortcuts to adiabaticity. In one approach, a counterdiabatic quantum Hamiltonian $\hat H_{CD}$ is constructed to suppress nonadiabatic excitations. In the analogous classical problem, a counterdiabatic classical Hamiltonian $H_{CD}$ ensures that the classical action remains constant even under rapid driving. Both the quantum and classical versions of this problem have been solved for the special case of scale-invariant driving, characterized by linear expansions, contractions or translations of the system. Here we investigate an example of a non-scale-invariant system -- a tilted piston. We solve exactly for the classical counterdiabatic Hamiltonian $H_{CD}(q,p,t)$, which we then quantize to obtain a Hermitian operator $\hat H_{CD}(t)$. Using numerical simulations, we find that $\hat H_{CD}$ effectively suppresses non-adiabatic excitations under rapid driving. These results offer a proof of principle -- beyond the special case of scale-invariant driving -- that quantum shortcuts to adiabaticity can successfully be constructed from their classical counterparts.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures