Presbytis frontata
Creators: name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Anthony B. Rylands
name: Don E. Wilson
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Cercopithecidae
Presbytis
Presbytis frontata

description: 108.
White-fronted Langur
Presbytis frontata
French: Langur a front blanc / German: Weil 3stirnlangur / Spanish: Langur de frente blanca
Other common names: \White-faced Langur, White-fronted Leaf Monkey
Taxonomy. Semnopithecus frontatus S. Muller, 1838,
Indonesia, south-eastern Borneo. Restricted by L. Medway in 1965 to south-eastern Kalimantan, Murung and “Pulu Lampy,” near Banjarmasin, Pematang, Kuala.
This species is monotypic.
Distribution. Found patchily in C & E Borneo, from C Sarawak State (absent from coastal areas and possibly occurs only between upper Rajang and upper Batang Luparrivers) to most of E Kalimantan and a few areas in the W (in the SE restricted to the E of the Barito River, there is a population in Gunung Palung in the SW, but it is not known whetherit is isolated or whetherit is continuous with other populations in the W).
Descriptive notes. Head—body 50-54 cm (males) and 47-50 cm (females), tail 70-74 cm (males) and 63-70 cm (females); weight ¢.5-7 kg. The White-fronted Langur is pale grayish-brown above, with a yellowish-brown underside. Brow, crown crest, and cheeks are blackish and lower segments of limbs grade toward black of hands and feet. Tail is yellowish-gray. There is a naked patch of white skin on forehead (hence the common name) set off by one or two whorls of hair, with a tall, forward-leaning crown crest behind.
Habitat. Tall lowland, riparian and hill dipterocarp forest, up to elevations of 1000 m. The White-fronted Langur may also be found in secondary forest and old rubber tree plantations. Very little is known about its habitat use and ecology.
Food and Feeding. The White-fronted Langur eats mainly young leaves, supplemented with fruits, seeds, and flowers.
Breeding. The natal coat of the White-fronted Langur is white, with a thick black dorsal stripe.
Activity patterns. The White-fronted Langur is diurnal and arboreal.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. The White-fronted Langur has never been studied in the wild. Groups are small, with a single adult male and 2-3 females. The home range is estimated to be larger than 100 ha. There are an estimated 13,400 White-fronted Langurs in Sarawak (Lanjak-Entimau), with densities of 1-7 groups/ km?. Density estimates from ten differentsites are 1-5 groups/km? and 5-9 ind/km?®.
Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The White-fronted Langur is protected by Indonesian law and is totally protected in Sarawak. Its distribution is fragmented. It is frequently hunted in Sarawak for its gallstones and meat. Habitat loss for the White-fronted Langur has been very rapid, particularly due to conversion into oil palm plantations. It occurs in at least seven protected areas: Batang Ai National Park and Lanjak-Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary in Sarawak and Betung Kerihun, Bukit Baka-Bukit Raya, Gunung Palung, and Kutai national parks and Sungai Wain Protection Forest in Kalimantan. The level of protection that these areas offer, particularly in Indonesia, is insufficient, and there is a need to reinforce their management. In some areas, such as the north-western mountains (Lanjak-Entimau, Bantang Ai, and Bentuang Kerima), the White-fronted Langur seems to be common, but in other areas,it is evidently scarce.
Bibliography. Azuma et al. (1984), Bennett et al. (1987), Brandon-Jones et al. (2004), Groves (2001), Leutenegger & Cheverud (1982), Lhota (2011a), Medway (1965), Meijaard & Nijman (2008), Meyer et al. (2011), Napier (1985), Nijman & Meijaard (2001), Payne et al. (1985), Suzuki (1984), Wilson & Wilson (1975).
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson, 2013, Cercopithecidae, pp. 550-755 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 716, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6867065