cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure and optical properties of ZnX (X=O, S, Se, Te)
Creators: name: Karazhanov, S. Zh.
name: Ravindran, P.
name: Kjekshus, A.
name: Fjellvag, H.
name: Svensson, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic band structure and optical properties of zinc monochalcogenides with zinc-blende- and wurtzite-type structures were studied using the ab initio density functional method within the LDA, GGA, and LDA+U approaches. Calculations of the optical spectra have been performed for the energy range 0-20 eV, with and without including spin-orbit coupling. Reflectivity, absorption and extinction coefficients, and refractive index have been computed from the imaginary part of the dielectric function using the Kramers--Kronig transformations. A rigid shift of the calculated optical spectra is found to provide a good first approximation to reproduce experimental observations for almost all the zinc monochalcogenide phases considered. By inspection of the calculated and experimentally determined band-gap values for the zinc monochalcogenide series, the band gap of ZnO with zinc-blende structure has been estimated.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Ratcheting Heat Flux against a Thermal Bias
Creators: name: Li, Nianbei
name: Hanggi, Peter
name: Li, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Merely rocking the temperature in one heat bath can direct a steady heat flux from cold to hot against a non-zero thermal bias in stylized nonlinear lattice junctions that are sandwiched between two heat baths. Likewise, for an average zero-temperature difference between the two contacts a net, ratchet-like heat flux emerges. Computer simulations show that this very heat flux can be controlled and reversed by suitably tailoring the frequency ($\lesssim$ 100 MHz) of the alternating temperature field.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
การบริหารจัดการกลยุทธ์เพื่อสร้างขีดความสามารถในการแข่งขัน ของบริษัทการบินไทย จำกัด (มหาชน)
Creators: name: สุวรรณิน คณานุวัฒน์
name: บุญทัน ดอกไธสง
name: ทองหล่อ วงษ์อินทร์
name: บุญเรือง ศรีเหรัญ
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2557
Subjects: การบริหารจัดการกลยุทธ์,ความสามารถในการแข่งขัน,การบินไทย จำกัด (มหาชน)

description: 2, 19, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
Non-Abelian Vortices on the Torus
Creators: name: Lozano, G. S.
name: Marques, D.
name: Schaposnik, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study periodic arrays of non-Abelian vortices in an $SU(N) \times U(1)$ gauge theory with $N_f$ flavors of fundamental matter multiplets. We carefully discuss the corresponding twisted boundary conditions on the torus and propose an ansatz to solve the first order Bogomolnyi equations which we find by looking to a bound of the energy. We solve the equations numerically and construct explicit vortex solutions.
Network Topology of an Experimental Futures Exchange
Creators: name: Wang, S. C.
name: Tseng, J. J.
name: Tai, C. C.
name: Lai, K. H.
name: Wu, W. S.
name: Chen, S. H.
name: Li, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many systems of different nature exhibit scale free behaviors. Economic systems with power law distribution in the wealth is one of the examples. To better understand the working behind the complexity, we undertook an empirical study measuring the interactions between market participants. A Web server was setup to administer the exchange of futures contracts whose liquidation prices were coupled to event outcomes. After free registration, participants started trading to compete for the money prizes upon maturity of the futures contracts at the end of the experiment. The evolving `cash' flow network was reconstructed from the transactions between players. We show that the network topology is hierarchical, disassortative and scale-free with a power law exponent of 1.02+-0.09 in the degree distribution. The small-world property emerged early in the experiment while the number of participants was still small. We also show power law distributions of the net incomes and inter-transaction time intervals. Big winners and losers are associated with high degree, high betweenness centrality, low clustering coefficient and low degree-correlation. We identify communities in the network as groups of the like-minded. The distribution of the community sizes is shown to be power-law distributed with an exponent of 1.19+-0.16.
description: 6 pages, 12 figures
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PRESCRIBING PATTERNS AND JNC-8 GUIDELINE COMPLIANCE IN A SOUTHERN NIGERIA HEALTHCARE SETTING
Creators: name: Ifeanyi, Chukwudi Nwosu
name: Ezinne, Patricia Okonjo
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: antihypertensives, hypertension, JNC-8, guidelines, prescription, prescribing pattern, evaluation, southern, Nigeria, adherence, tertiary, hospital

description: Background: Hypertension is a significant public health concern globally, particularly in Nigeria, where its prevalence is rising sporadically. Effective management of hypertension requires adherence to evidence-based guidelines, such as those provided by the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC-8). This study aimed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of hypertensive medications and their adherence to JNC-8 guidelines in a tertiary care hospital in Southern Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 194 prescriptions for a period of 6 months (October,2023 to March,2024) from two cardiologists and four general practitioners. Baseline characteristics, including age distribution and blood pressure readings, were assessed. Medication classes prescribed for hypertension were categorized, and adherence to JNC-8 guidelines was evaluated.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 54.7 years, with a majority falling into the age groups of 41-60 and >60. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings were 151 mmHg and 94.6 mmHg, respectively. While 62.89% of the subjects had controlled blood pressure according to JNC-8 guidelines, 37.11% belonged to the uncontrolled group (blood pressure >140/90 mmHg). The gender distribution showed a slight predominance of males (52%) over females (45%). The most commonly prescribed antihypertensive medication classes were CCBs (72.16%), BBs (58.76%), diuretics (45.26%) and ARBs (42.24%). Adherence to JNC-8 guidelines was higher among prescriptions with controlled blood pressure (group 2) compared to uncontrolled (group 1)

Conclusion: The factors affecting prescribing patterns and guideline adherence in hypertension management include the complexity of treatment decisions, variations in physician experience and knowledge, and challenges such as managing resistant hypertension and addressing patientspecific factors. While a significant proportion of patients achieve controlled blood pressure levels, deviations from guideline recommendations indicate opportunities for improvement. Addressing these factors through targeted interventions aimed at enhancing guideline adherence and optimizing prescribing practices is crucial for improving hypertension management outcomes in Southern Nigeria and reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases in the region.
Virasoro constraints and descendant Hurwitz-Hodge Integrals
Creators: name: Jiang, Yunfeng
name: Tseng, Hsian-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N35

description: Virasoro constraints are applied to degree zero Gromov-Witten theory of weighted projective stacks $\mathbb{P}(1,N)$ and $\mathbb{P}(1,1,N)$ to obtain formulas of descendant cyclic Hurwitz-Hodge integrals in higher genera.
description: 14 pages
บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ : พลังแห่งการให้
Creators: name: รินธรรม ธารมุกตา
Publisher: name: ศูนย์คุณธรรม (องค์การมหาชน)
Year: 2013
Subjects: วรรณกรรมเยาวชน--ล่องหน,ประวัติบุคคล--เฉินซู่จวี๋,ประวัติบุคคล--ครอบครัวซัลเวน

description: 1, 2, วารสารวิชาการคุณธรรมความดี
แนวทางการปลูกฝังคุณธรรมและจิตสำนึกรับผิดชอบต่อสังคมผ่านการบริการวิชาการแก่สังคม
Creators: name: สุรางคนา ณ นคร
Publisher: name: ศูนย์คุณธรรม (องค์การมหาชน)
Year: 2013
Subjects: การปลูกฝังคุณธรรม,จิตสำนึกรับผิดชอบต่อสังคม,การบริการวิชาการแก่สังคม

description: 1, 2, วารสารวิชาการคุณธรรมความดี
Experimental Body-input Three-stage DC offset Calibration Scheme for Memristive Crossbar
Creators: name: Mohan, Charanraj
name: Camuñas-Mesa, L. A.
name: Vianello, Elisa
name: Reita, Carlo
name: de la Rosa, José M.
name: Serrano-Gotarredona, Teresa
name: Linares-Barranco, Bernabé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: B.7

description: Reading several ReRAMs simultaneously in a neuromorphic circuit increases power consumption and limits scalability. Applying small inference read pulses is a vain attempt when offset voltages of the read-out circuit are decisively more. This paper presents an experimental validation of a three-stage calibration scheme to calibrate the DC offset voltage across the rows of the memristive crossbar. The proposed method is based on biasing the body terminal of one of the differential pair MOSFETs of the buffer through a series of cascaded resistor banks arranged in three stages: coarse, fine and finer stages. The circuit is designed in a 130 nm CMOS technology, where the OxRAM-based binary memristors are built on top of it. A dedicated PCB and other auxiliary boards have been designed for testing the chip. Experimental results validate the presented approach, which is only limited by mismatch and electrical noise.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures, conference paper published in ISCAS20
Investigating the borderline between a young star cluster and a small stellar association: a test case with Bochum1
Creators: name: Bica, Eduardo
name: Bonatto, Charles
name: Dutra, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Usually, a loose stellar distribution can be classified as an OB stellar group, an association, or a young open cluster. We make use of comparisons with the typical OB association Vul OB1. In the present paper we discuss the nature of Bochum 1, a typical example of an object affected by the above classification problem.The field-decontaminated CMD of Bochum 1 presents main sequence (MS) and pre-main sequence (PMS) stars. We report two new small angular-size, compact young clusters and one embedded cluster in the area of Bochum 1. Vul OB1 harbours the young open cluster NGC 6823 and the very compact embedded cluster Cr 404. The Vul OB1 association includes the H II region Sh2-86, and its stellar content is younger ($\approx3$ Myr) than that of Bochum 1 ($\approx9$ Myr), which shows no gas emission. Bochum 1 harbours one of the newly found compact clusters as its core. The RDP of Bochum 1 is irregular and cannot be fitted by a King-like profile, which suggests important erosion or dispersion of stars from a primordial cluster. Similarly to Bochum 1, the decontaminated CMD of NGC 6823 presents conspicuous MS and PMS sequences. Taken separately, RDPs of MS and PMS stars follow a King-like profile. The core shows an important excess density of MS stars that mimics the profile of a post-core collapse cluster. At such young age, it can be explained by an excess of stars formed in the prominent core. The present study suggests that Bochum 1 is a star cluster fossil remain that might be dynamically evolving into an OB association. Bochum 1 can be a missing link connecting early star cluster dissolution with the formation of low-mass OB associations.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; accepted by A&A
An Overview of Federated Learning at the Edge and Distributed Ledger Technologies for Robotic and Autonomous Systems
Creators: name: Xianjia, Yu
name: Queralta, Jorge Peña
name: Heikkonen, Jukka
name: Westerlund, Tomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous systems are becoming inherently ubiquitous with the advancements of computing and communication solutions enabling low-latency offloading and real-time collaboration of distributed devices. Decentralized technologies with blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) are playing a key role. At the same time, advances in deep learning (DL) have significantly raised the degree of autonomy and level of intelligence of robotic and autonomous systems. While these technological revolutions were taking place, raising concerns in terms of data security and end-user privacy has become an inescapable research consideration. Federated learning (FL) is a promising solution to privacy-preserving DL at the edge, with an inherently distributed nature by learning on isolated data islands and communicating only model updates. However, FL by itself does not provide the levels of security and robustness required by today's standards in distributed autonomous systems. This survey covers applications of FL to autonomous robots, analyzes the role of DLT and FL for these systems, and introduces the key background concepts and considerations in current research.
On the equilibrium morphology of systems drawn from spherical collapse experiments
Creators: name: Boily, C. M.
name: Athanassoula, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a purely theoretical study of the morphological evolution of self-gravitating systems formed through the dissipationless collapse of N-point sources. We explore the effects of resolution in mass and length on the growth of triaxial structures formed by an instability triggered by an excess of radial orbits. We point out that as resolution increases, the equilibria shift, from mildly prolate, to oblate. A number of particles N ~= 100000 or larger is required for convergence of axial aspect ratios. An upper bound for the softening, e ~ 1/256, is also identified. We then study the properties of a set of equilibria formed from scale-free cold initial mass distributions, ro ~ r^-g with 0 <= g <= 2. Oblateness is enhanced for initially more peaked structures (larger values of g). We map the run of density in space and find no evidence for a power-law inner structure when g <= 3/2 down to a mass fraction
description: 16 pages
Thomas D. Isaacs House
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings
Main Street

description: This image shows the front of Thomas D. Isaacs House with two people sitting on the porch and two woman standing near the driveway. This image is courtesy of The East Hampton Star and this reproduction was collected sometime from 1970 to 1982 as part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Celestial superamplitude in $\mathcal N=4$ SYM theory
Creators: name: Jiang, Hongliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Celestial amplitude is a new reformulation of momentum space scattering amplitude and offers a promising way for flat holography. In this paper, we study the celestial amplitude in $\mathcal N=4$ Super-Yang-Mills (SYM) theory aiming at understanding the role of superconformal symmetry in celestial holography. We first construct the superconformal generators acting on the celestial superfield which assembles all the on-shell fields in the multiplet together in terms of celestial variables and Grassmann parameters. These generators satisfy the superconformal algebra of $\mathcal N=4$ SYM theory. We also compute the three-point and four-point celestial super-amplitude explicitly. They can be identified as the correlation functions of the celestial superfields living at the celestial sphere. We further study the soft and collinear limits which give rise to the super-Ward identity and super-OPE on the celestial sphere, respectively. Our results initiate a new perspective of understanding the well-studied $\mathcal N=4$ SYM amplitude via 2D celestial conformal field theory.
Spitzer Observations of Star Formation in the Extreme Outer Disk of M83 (NGC5236)
Creators: name: Dong, Hui
name: Calzetti, Daniela
name: Regan, Michael
name: Thilker, David
name: Bianchi, Luciana
name: Meurer, Gerhardt R.
name: Walter, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spitzer IRAC observations of two fields in the XUV-disk of M83 have been recently obtained,3R_{HII} away from the center of the galaxy (R_{HII)=6.6 kpc).GALEX UV images have shown the two fields to host in-situ recent star formation.The IRAC images are used in conjunction with GALEX data and new HI imaging from THINGS to constrain stellar masses and ages of the UV clumps in the fields,and to relate the local recent star formation to the reservoir of available gas. multi wavelength photometry in the UV and mid-IR bands of 136 UV clumps(spatial resolution >220pc) identified in the two target fields, together with model fitting of the stellar UV-MIR SED,suggest that the clumps cover a range of ages between a few Myr and >1Gyr with a median value around <100Myr,and have masses in the range 10^3-3*10^6M, with a peak ~10^4.7M.The range of observed ages,for which only a small fraction of the mass in stars appears to have formed in the past ~10Myr, agrees with the dearth of Ha emission observed in these outer fiel ds. At the location of our IRAC fields, the HI map shows localized enhancement and clumping of atomic gas. A comparison of the observed star formation with the gas reservoir shows that the UV clumps follow the Schmidt--Kennicutt scaling law of star formation,and that star formation is occurring in regions with gas dens ities at approximately (within a factor of a few) the critical density value de -rived according to the Toomre Q gravitational stability criterion. The signifi cant 8 micron excess in several of the clumps (16% of the total by number accou nting for ~67% of the 8 micron flux)) provides evidence for the existence of dust in these remote fields, in agreement with results for other galaxies. Furt hermore, we observe a relatively small excess of emission at 4.5 micron in the clumps...
description: Accepted for Publication in the Astronomical Journal,[35 pages, 11 figures], the paper with original size is in http://www.astro.umass.edu/~dongh/M83.pdf comments: add one reference Crosthwaite et al 2002 for picture1
A geometric approximation of $δ$-interactions by Neumann Laplacians
Creators: name: Khrabustovskyi, Andrii
name: Post, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J10, 35P05, 47A58

description: We demonstrate how to approximate one-dimensional Schrödinger operators with $δ$-interaction by a Neumann Laplacian on a narrow waveguide-like domain. Namely, we consider a domain consisting of a straight strip and a small protuberance with "room-and-passage" geometry. We show that in the limit when the perpendicular size of the strip tends to zero, and the room and the passage are appropriately scaled, the Neumann Laplacian on this domain converges in (a kind of) norm resolvent sense to the above singular Schrödinger operator. Also we prove Hausdorff convergence of the spectra. In both cases estimates on the rate of convergence are derived.
description: 23 pages
BioImage.IO Chatbot, GloBIAS Seminar
Creators: name: Fuster-Barcelo, Caterina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Chatbot
LLMs
BioImage Analysis
BioImage.IO
BioImage Model Zoo

description: The dynamic field of bioimage analysis continually seeks innovative tools to democratize access to analysis tools and its documentation. The BioImage.IO Chatbot, leveraging state-of-the-art AI technologies including Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), provides an interactive platform that significantly integrates the exploration and application of bioimage analysis tools and models. This seminar will introduce the BioImage.IO Chatbot's capabilities, focusing on how it facilitates access to advanced analysis tools and documentation, allows for the execution of complex models, and enables users to create customized extensions adjusted to specific research needs. In a live demo, attendees will see how to interact with the chatbot and all its assistants and capabilities. Join us to explore how the BioImage.IO Chatbot ca transform your research by making sophisticated analysis more intuitive and accessible.
Form factors for the processes $B_c^+ \to D^0 \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$ and $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ \ell^+ \ell^- (ν\overlineν)$ from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Cooper, Laurence J.
name: Davies, Christine T. H.
name: Wingate, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of the first lattice QCD calculations of the weak matrix elements for the decays $B_c^+ \to D^0 \ell^+ ν_{\ell}$, $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ \ell^+ \ell^-$ and $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ ν\overlineν$. Form factors across the entire physical $q^2$ range are then extracted and extrapolated to the continuum limit with physical quark masses. Results are derived from correlation functions computed on MILC Collaboration gauge configurations with three different lattice spacings and including 2+1+1 flavours of sea quarks in the Highly Improved Staggered Quark (HISQ) formalism. HISQ is also used for all of the valence quarks. The uncertainty on the decay widths from our form factors is similar in size to that from the present value for $V_{ub}$. We obtain the ratio $Γ(B_{c}^{+} \rightarrow D^0 μ^{+} ν_μ) /\left|η_{\mathrm{EW}} V_{u b}\right|^{2}=4.43(63) \times 10^{12} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$. Combining our form factors with those found previously by HPQCD for $B_{c}^{+} \rightarrow J / ψμ^{+} ν_μ$, we find $\left|V_{cb}/V_{ub} \right|^2 Γ( B_c^+ \to D^0 μ^+ ν_μ)/Γ(B_{c}^{+} \rightarrow J / ψμ^{+} ν_μ) = 0.257(36)_{B_c \to D}(18)_{B_c \to J/ψ}$. We calculate the differential decay widths of $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ \ell^+ \ell^-$ across the full $q^2$ range, and give integrated results in $q^2$ bins that avoid possible effects from charmonium and $u \overline{u}$ resonances. For example, we find that the ratio of differential branching fractions integrated over the range $q^2 = 1 \; \mathrm{GeV}^2 - 6 \; \mathrm{GeV}^2$ for $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ μ^+ μ^-$ and $B_{c}^{+} \rightarrow J / ψμ^{+} ν_μ$ is $5.23{\tiny }(73)_{B_c \to D_s}(54)_{B_c \to J/ψ} \times 10^{-6}$. We also give results for the branching fraction of $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ ν\overlineν$. Prospects for reducing our errors in the future are discussed.
description: 28 pages, 29 figures. Version as published in Physical Review D
Stance Detection with BERT Embeddings for Credibility Analysis of Information on Social Media
Creators: name: Karande, Hema
name: Walambe, Rahee
name: Benjamin, Victor
name: Kotecha, Ketan
name: Raghu, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The evolution of electronic media is a mixed blessing. Due to the easy access, low cost, and faster reach of the information, people search out and devour news from online social networks. In contrast, the increasing acceptance of social media reporting leads to the spread of fake news. This is a minacious problem that causes disputes and endangers societal stability and harmony. Fake news spread has gained attention from researchers due to its vicious nature. proliferation of misinformation in all media, from the internet to cable news, paid advertising and local news outlets, has made it essential for people to identify the misinformation and sort through the facts. Researchers are trying to analyze the credibility of information and curtail false information on such platforms. Credibility is the believability of the piece of information at hand. Analyzing the credibility of fake news is challenging due to the intent of its creation and the polychromatic nature of the news. In this work, we propose a model for detecting fake news. Our method investigates the content of the news at the early stage i.e. when the news is published but is yet to be disseminated through social media. Our work interprets the content with automatic feature extraction and the relevance of the text pieces. In summary, we introduce stance as one of the features along with the content of the article and employ the pre-trained contextualized word embeddings BERT to obtain the state-of-art results for fake news detection. The experiment conducted on the real-world dataset indicates that our model outperforms the previous work and enables fake news detection with an accuracy of 95.32%.
Two electron entanglement enhancement by an inelastic scattering process
Creators: name: Lopez, A.
name: Villalba, V. M.
name: Medina, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to assess inelastic effects on two fermion entanglement production, we address an exactly solvable two-particle scattering problem where the target is an excitable scatterer. Useful entanglement, as measured by the two particle concurrence, is obtained from post-selection of oppositely scattered particle states. The $S$ matrix formalism is generalized in order to address non-unitary evolution in the propagating channels. We find the striking result that inelasticity can actually increase concurrence as compared to the elastic case by increasing the uncertainty of the single particle subspace. Concurrence zeros are controlled by either single particle resonance energies or total reflection conditions that ascertain precisely one of the electron states. Concurrence minima also occur and are controlled by entangled resonance situations were the electron becomes entangled with the scatterer, and thus does not give up full information of its state. In this model, exciting the scatterer can never fully destroy phase coherence due to an intrinsic limit to the probability of inelastic events.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev B
Effect of grain refinement on enhancing critical current density and upper critical field in undoped MgB2 ex-situ tapes
Creators: name: Malagoli, A.
name: Braccini, V.
name: Tropeano, M.
name: Vignolo, M.
name: Bernini, C.
name: Fanciulli, C.
name: Romano, G.
name: Putti, M.
name: Ferdeghini, C.
name: Mossang, E.
name: Polyanskii, A.
name: Larbalestier, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ex-situ Powder-In-Tube MgB2 tapes prepared with ball-milled, undoped powders showed a strong enhancement of the irreversibility field H*, the upper critical field Hc2 and the critical current density Jc(H) together with the suppression of the anisotropy of all of these quantities. Jc reached 104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 10 T, with an irreversibility field of about 14 T at 4.2 K, and Hc2 of 9 T at 25 K, high values for not-doped MgB2. The enhanced Jc and H* values are associated with significant grain refinement produced by milling of the MgB2 powder, which enhances grain boundary pinning, although at the same time also reducing the connectivity from about 12% to 8%. Although enhanced pinning and diminished connectivity are in opposition, the overall influence of ball milling on Jc is positive because the increased density of grains with a size comparable with the mean free path produces strong electron scattering that substantially increases Hc2, especially Hc2 perpendicular to the Mg and B planes.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, submitted to J. Appl. Phys
Elastocaloric effect in amorphous polymer networks undergoing mechanotropic phase transitions
Creators: name: Koch, Jeremy A.
name: Herman, Jeremy A.
name: White, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deformations of amorphous polymer networks prepared with significant concentrations of liquid crystalline mesogens have been recently reported to undergo mechanotropic phase transitions. Here, we report that these mechanotropic phase transitions are accompanied by an elastocaloric response ($ΔT = 2.9 \text{ K}$). Applied uniaxial strain to the elastomeric polymer network transitions the organization of the material from a disordered, amorphous state (order parameter $Q=0$) to the nematic phase ($Q=0.47$). Both the magnitude of the elastocaloric temperature change and mechanically induced order parameter are dependent on the concentration of liquid crystal mesogens in the material. While the observed temperature changes in these materials are smaller than those observed in shape memory alloys, the responsivity, defined as the temperature change divided by the input stress, is larger by an order of magnitude.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary material: +4 pages, +2 figures
Photon asymmetry in radiative muon capture on calcium
Creators: name: Virtue, Clarence John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The photon asymmetry (⍺⋎) and partial branching ratio (Rk>57), for radiative muon capture on ⁴⁰Ca, have been measured in order to determine the magnitude of the induced-pseudoscalar coupling constant, gp. A large Nal(Tl) crystal (46cm ϕ x 51cm) was used with an active Nal(Tl) converter (36cm x 30cm x 5cm) as the photon detector. The combined system had an energy resolution of 15% at 70 MeV; a factor of two improvement over previous similar experiments. Simultaneous measurements of the photon asymmetry and the partial branching ratio have been performed twice in the past. From a theoretical stand-point the photon asymmetry measurement is of greater interest as it represents the least nuclear model-dependent way of extracting gp. In the present experiment we have observed 3100 photons with energies greater than 57 MeV, after background subtraction. Of these, 2500 could be used in the determination of ⍺⋎. A value of ⍺⋎ = 1.32+⁺⁰֗⁵⁴˗₀․₄₇ is obtained from a fit to the photon time distribution. For the first time in such measurements the photon asymmetry was visible in the time spectrum and an unconstrained fit is able to reproduce its known frequency and phase. The extracted asymmetry allows for the first time a meaningful limit to be placed on gp which is free of the uncertainties associated with the extraction of gp from the partial branching ratio. Our asymmetry result implies gp < 5Agp, favouring a renormalization of the induced-pseudoscalar coupling constant. The partial branching ratio determined in this experiment is consistent with previous measurements. A model-dependent extraction of gp from Rk>57 yields gP ~ (7 ± 2)gA. As a consequence of this work an improved experiment has recently been successfully performed at TRIUMF with increased statistics, improved energy resolution, and an improvement of approximately a factor of 15 in the signal-to-noise ratio. We have also identified a potential systematic error of as large as 15% in the normalization of the photon asymmetry in past experiments. Such an error occurs from the use of the V—A asymmetry distribution rather than a bound decay asymmetry distribution when performing Monte Carlo calculations of the decay electron asymmetry. This error affects the estimation of the residual muon polarization which is used to normalize the photon asymmetry.
Ammonia snow-lines and ammonium salts desorption
Creators: name: Kruczkiewicz, F.
name: Vitorino, J.
name: Congiu, E.
name: Theulé, P.
name: Dulieu, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The nitrogen reservoir in planetary systems is a long standing problem. Part of the N-bearing molecules is probably incorporated into the ice bulk during the cold phases of the stellar evolution, and may be gradually released into the gas phase when the ice is heated, such as in active comets. The chemical nature of the N-reservoir should greatly influence how, when and in what form N returns to the gas phase, or is incorporated into the refractory material forming planetary bodies. Aims. We present the study the thermal desorption of two ammonium salts: ammonium formate and ammonium acetate from a gold surface and from a water ice substrate. Methods. Temperature-programmed desorption experiments and Fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy were conducted to investigate the desorption behavior of ammonium salts. Results. Ammonium salts are semi-volatile species releasing neutral species as major components upon desorption, that is ammonia and the corresponding organic acid (HCOOH and CH3COOH), at temperatures higher than the temperature of thermal desorption of water ice. Their desorption follows a first-order Wigner-Polanyi law. We find the first order kinetic parameters A = 7.7 $\pm$ 0.6 $\times$ 10$^{15}$ s$^{-1}$ and E$_{bind}$ = 68.9 $\pm$ 0.1 kJ~mol$^{-1}$ for ammonium formate and A = 3.0 $\pm$ 0.4 $\times$ 10$^{20}$ s$^{-1}$ and E$_{bind}$ = 83.0 $\pm$ 0.2 kJ~mol$^{-1}$ for ammonium acetate. The presence of a water ice substrate does not influence the desorption kinetics. Ammonia molecules locked in salts desorb as neutral molecules at temperatures much higher than previously expected that are usually attributed to refractory materials. Conclusions. Ammonia snow-line has a smaller radius than the water snow-line. As a result, the NH3/H2O ratio content in solar system bodies can be a hint as to where they formed and subsequently migrated.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 10 pages, 7 figures
RG Flow and Symmetry Breaking in a Weakly Coupled Model
Creators: name: Appelquist, Thomas
name: Street, Lauren
name: Wijewardhana, L. C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a weakly coupled $SU(N_{c})$ gauge theory, examining its fixed-point structure and the transition from infrared conformality to spontaneous symmetry breaking. Following a previous study, we couple the gauge field to $N_s$ scalars and $N_f$ fermions, take the large-$N_c$ limit with $N_s/N_c$ and $N_f/N_c$ fixed, and adjust these ratios to produce weakly coupled infrared fixed points while maintaining asymptotic freedom. We map out renormalization-group trajectories, and describe the transition to symmetry breaking as the ratio $N_s/N_c$ is increased. We examine the breaking by employing the one-loop effective potential. At tree level, a scalar-field vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a certain form is allowed, leading to masses for a subset of the scalar fields. Among the remaining massless scalars, one corresponds to a massless dilaton and the others are Nambu-Goldstone bosons absorbed by the gauge fields. The one-loop potential breaks the scale symmetry explicitly, determining the VEV and generating a dilaton mass suppressed relative to the other masses by a factor of the weak scalar coupling.
description: 14 pgs., 5 figs
D6.1 Project Visual Identity and Website
Creators: name: Rizzi, Giuseppe
name: van Hek, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: RIDE2RAIL
Transport
Shift2Rail
visual identity
logo
website

description: The deliverable describes the objectives, structure, and look and feel of the RIDE2RAIL logo, visual charter, roll-up, website and Twitter account. All of these tools are essential to reach project objectives in regards to communication, including strengthening the project’s identity, raising awareness and disseminating project developments to key stakeholders and external actors.
Large-amplitude prominence oscillations following the impact by a coronal jet
Creators: name: Luna, Manuel
name: Moreno-Insertis, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational evidence shows that coronal jets can hit prominences and set them in motion. The impact leads to large-amplitude oscillations (LAOs) of the prominence. In this paper we attempt to understand this process via 2.5D MHD numerical experiments. In our model, the jets are generated in a sheared magnetic arcade above a parasitic bipolar region located in one of the footpoints of the filament channel (FC) supporting the prominence. The shear is imposed with velocities not far above observed photospheric values; it leads to a multiple reconnection process, as in previous jet models. Both a fast Alfvénic perturbation and a slower supersonic front preceding a plasma jet are issued from the reconnection site; in the later phase, a more violent (eruptive) jet is produced. The perturbation and jets run along the FC; they are partially reflected at the prominence and partially transmitted through it. There results a pattern of counter-streaming flows along the FC and oscillations of the prominence. The oscillations are LAOs (with amplitude above $10~\mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$) in parts of the prominence both in the longitudinal and transverse directions. In some field lines, the impact is so strong that the prominence mass is brought out of the dip and down to the chromosphere along the FC. Two cases are studied with different heights of the arcade above the parasitic bipolar region, leading to different heights for the region of the prominence perturbed by the jets. The obtained oscillation amplitudes and periods are in general agreement with the observations.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Fermi surface in La-based cuprate superconductors from Compton scattering imaging
Creators: name: Yamase, Hiroyuki
name: Sakurai, Yoshiharu
name: Fujita, Masaki
name: Wakimoto, Shuichi
name: Yamada, Kazuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compton scattering provides invaluable information on the underlying Fermi surface (FS) and is a powerful tool complementary to angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and quantum oscillation measurements. Here we perform high-resolution Compton scattering measurements for La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} with x=0.08 (Tc=20K) at 300K and 150K, and image the momentum distribution function in the two-dimensional Brillouin zone. We find that the observed images cannot be reconciled with the conventional hole-like FS believed so far. Instead, our data imply that the FS is strongly deformed by the underlying nematicity in each CuO_2 plane, but the bulk FSs recover the fourfold symmetry. We also find an unusually strong temperature dependence of the momentum distribution function, which may originate from the pseudogap formation in the presence of the reconstructed FSs due to the underlying nematicity. Additional measurements for x=0.15 and 0.30 at 300K suggest similar FS deformation with weaker nematicity, which nearly vanishes at x=0.30.
description: 36 pages, 19 figures
The White Mountain Polarimeter Telescope and an Upper Limit on CMB Polarization
Creators: name: Levy, Alan R.
name: Leonardi, Rodrigo
name: Ansmann, Markus
name: Bersanelli, Marco
name: Childers, Jeffery
name: Cole, Terrence D.
name: D'Arcangelo, Ocleto
name: Davis, G. Vietor
name: Lubin, Philip M.
name: Marvil, Joshua
name: Meinhold, Peter R.
name: Miller, Gerald
name: O`Neill, Hugh
name: Stavola, Fabrizio
name: Stebor, Nathan C.
name: Timbie, Peter T.
name: van der Heide, Maarten
name: Villa, Fabrizio
name: Villela, Thyrso
name: Williams, Brian D.
name: Wuensche, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The White Mountain Polarimeter (WMPol) is a dedicated ground-based microwave telescope and receiver system for observing polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background. WMPol is located at an altitude of 3880 meters on a plateau in the White Mountains of Eastern California, USA, at the Barcroft Facility of the University of California White Mountain Research Station. Presented here is a description of the instrument and the data collected during April through October 2004. We set an upper limit on $E$-mode polarization of 14 $μ\mathrm{K}$ (95% confidence limit) in the multipole range $170
description: 35 pages. 12 figures. To appear in ApJS
Molecular Excited State Calculations with Adaptive Wavefunctions on a Quantum Eigensolver Emulation: Reducing Circuit Depth and Separating Spin States
Creators: name: Chan, Hans Hon Sang
name: Fitzpatrick, Nathan
name: Segarra-Marti, Javier
name: Bearpark, Michael J.
name: Tew, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ab initio electronic excited state calculations are necessary for the quantitative study of photochemical reactions, but their accurate computation on classical computers is plagued by prohibitive scaling. The Variational Quantum Deflation (VQD) is an extension of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) for calculating electronic excited state energies, and has the potential to address some of these scaling challenges using quantum computers. However, quantum computers available in the near term can only support a limited number of circuit operations, so reducing the quantum computational cost in VQD methods is critical to their realisation. In this work, we investigate the use of adaptive quantum circuit growth (ADAPT-VQE) in excited state VQD calculations, a strategy that has been successful previously in reducing the resource for ground state energy VQE calculations. We also invoke spin restrictions to separate the recovery of eigenstates with different spin symmetry to reduce the number of calculations and accumulation of errors. We created a quantum eigensolver emulation package - Quantum Eigensolver Building on Achievements of Both quantum computing and quantum chemistry (QEBAB) - for testing the proposed adaptive procedure against two VQD methods that use fixed-length quantum circuits. For a lithium hydride test case we found that the spin-restricted adaptive growth variant of VQD uses the most compact circuits by far, consistently recovers adequate electron correlation energy for different nuclear geometries and eigenstates while isolating the singlet and triplet manifold. This work is a further step towards developing techniques which improve the efficiency of hybrid quantum algorithms for excited state quantum chemistry, opening up the possibility of exploiting real quantum computers for electronic excited state calculations sooner than previously anticipated.
Waveguide lattice based architecture for multichannel optical transformations
Creators: name: Skryabin, N. N.
name: Dyakonov, I. V.
name: Saygin, M. Yu.
name: Kulik, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider coupled waveguide lattices as an architecture that implement a wide range of multiport transformations. In this architecture, a particular transfer matrix is obtained through setting the step-wise profiles of the propagation constants seen by the field evolving in the lattice. To investigate the transformation capabilities, the implementation of a set of transfer matrices taken at random and particular cases of discrete Fourier transform, Hadamard and permutation matrices have been described. Because the waveguide lattices schemes are more compact than their traditional lumped-parameter counterparts, our architecture may be beneficial for using in photonic information processing systems of the future.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Vector and axialvector mesons at nonzero temperature within a gauged linear sigma model
Creators: name: Strüber, Stefan
name: Rischke, Dirk H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider vector and axialvector mesons in the framework of a gauged linear sigma model with chiral $U(N_f)_R \times U(N_f)_L$ symmetry. For $N_f=2$, we investigate the behavior of the chiral condensate and the meson masses as a function of temperature by solving a system of coupled Dyson-Schwinger equations derived via the 2PI formalism in double-bubble approximation. We find that the inclusion of vector and axialvector mesons tends to sharpen the chiral transition. Within our approximation scheme, the mass of the $ρ$ meson increases by about 100 MeV towards the chiral transition.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
title: La carte et le globe. Détails d’un tableau politique
Creators: name: Mauré, Cécile
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2012

description: Souvent évoqués dans les portraits et les tableaux de la Renaissance, la carte et le globe sont les images représentatives d’une époque qui redéfinit la question du territoire et du pouvoir et envisage une nouvelle façon de voir le monde. Pour exemple, dans Les Ambassadeurs de Hans Holbein le Jeune (1533), les deux globes (céleste et terrestre) sont disposés près d’autres instruments de géométrie et d’astronomie comme l’horloge solaire, le quadrant blanc, le cadran solaire polyédrique et le torquetum, d’un livre d’arithmétique ouvert (le traité de Peter Apian, 1527) mais aussi d’un luth et de partitions de musique. Ces objets mis en scène entre les deux ambassadeurs résument les sciences du ‘quadrivium’ humaniste et sont les symboles d’une ouverture sur le monde, d’un désir de connaissances et d’harmonie qui sont mis au service du pouvoir politique, intellectuel et religieux. Vu d’encore plus près, le globe céleste est maintenu à une latitude proche de celle de l’Espagne (et donc de l’autorité de Charles Quint) ou de l’Italie (celle du Pape) et le globe terrestre dévoile la ligne de partage du monde entre les Espagnols et les Portugais. Les globes signifient alors de façon symbolique les zones géostratégiques du monde. Ainsi, ce qui pourrait passer pour un détail, un élément purement décoratif d’une vanité, prend tout son sens et mérite, par sa redondance, une étude approfondie.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 01 (2012): Images et insularité
Asymptotics of work distributions in non-equilibrium systems
Creators: name: Engel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asymptotic behaviour of the work probability distribution in driven non-equilibrium systems is determined using the method of optimal fluctuations. For systems described by Langevin dynamics the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equation together with the appropriate boundary conditions and an equation for the leading pre-exponential factor are derived. The method is applied to three representative examples and the results are used to improve the accuracy of free energy estimates based on the application of the Jarzynski equation.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures