cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Danoceras vohilaidense Kröger, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Diestoceratidae
Danoceras
Danoceras vohilaidense

description: Danoceras vohilaidense sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7564A1C1-841D-4E29-A39F-73A476806D3D
Fig. 24E
Diagnosis
Danoceras with compressed oval conch-cross section (CHI = 1.6) with narrow, almost angular, dorsal, and ventral margins; mature body chamber with maximum conch height near its base with height of ca 53 mm and height length ratio of ca 1.3; conch surface, with distinct constriction near peristome and amphora-like apertural opening.
Etymology
Refers to the type locality.
Type material
Holotype
ESTONIA • Vohilaid Island, Vohilaid shore (E); Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage; GIT 878-273.
Paratypes
ESTONIA • 2 specs; same data as for holotype; GIT 878-274, GIT 878-278.
Description
In all three specimens the outer shell is not preserved. In the holotype and in GIT 878-274, the conch height is 52–53 mm at the base of the body chamber, and at the peristome 48 mm, the conch width is 34 mm at the base of the body chamber (CHI = 1.56), and the length of the body chamber 40 mm. A slight taphonomic compression can be assumed, the conch cross section is oval with narrow, almost angular, dorsal, and ventral margins. In the holotype, the phragmocone has a height of 51– 47 mm at a length of 28 mm (angle of expansion = 8°). The sutures form very shallow lateral lobes, and the septal foramen is close to the conch margin with a width of 3.5 mm.
Remarks
The two mature body chambers (holotype and in specimen GIT 878-274) are almost identical in size and shape, identifying them as belonging to the same species. They are larger than those known from other Estonian Danoceras, and approximately similar to that of D. broeggeri Strand, 1934 from the Upper Isotelus Limestone of Norway. The latter differs in size and CHI (mature body chamber height 56 mm, CHI 1.3–1.4).
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Unconventional orbital-charge density wave mechanism in transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2
Creators: name: Hirata, Toru
name: Yamakawa, Youichi
name: Onari, Seiichiro
name: Kontani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2 attract growing attention because of the formation of rich density-wave (DW) and superconducting transitions. However, the origin of the incommensurate DW state at the highest temperature (~ 550 K), which is "the parent state" of the rich physical phenomena, is still uncovered. Here, we present a natural explanation for the triple-q incommensurate DW in 1T-TaS2 based on the first-principles Hubbard model with on-site U. We apply the paramagnon interference mechanism that gives the nematic order in Fe-based superconductors. The derived order parameter has very unique characters: (i) the orbital-selective nature, and (ii) the unconventional sign-reversal in both momentum and energy spaces. The present study will be useful for understanding rich physics in 1T-TaS2, 1T-VSe2, and other transition metal dichalcogenides.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Research
Numerical Simulations of Random Phase Sine-Gordon Model and Renormalization Group Predictions
Creators: name: Lancaster, D. J.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical Simulations of the random phase sine-Gordon model suffer from strong finite size effects preventing the non-Gaussian $\log^2 r$ component of the spatial correlator from following the universal infinite volume prediction. We show that a finite size prediction based on perturbative Renormalisation Group (RG) arguments agrees well with new high precision simulations for small coupling and close to the critical temperature.
description: 13 pages, 3 ps figures. Extensive new numerical simulations
The role of $T_0$ in CMB anisotropy measurements
Creators: name: Wen, Yunfei
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Sullivan, Raelyn
name: Zibin, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantity $T_0$, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) monopole, is an often neglected seventh parameter of the standard cosmological model. As well as its variation affecting the physics of the CMB, the measurement of $T_0$ is also used to calibrate the anisotropies, via the orbital dipole. We point out that it is easy to misestimate the effect of $T_0$ because the CMB anisotropies are conventionally provided in temperature units. In fact the anisotropies are most naturally described as dimensionless and we argue for restoring the convention of working with $ΔT/T$ rather than $ΔT$. As a free cosmological parameter, $T_0$ most naturally only impacts the CMB power spectra through late-time effects. Thus if we ignore the COBE-FIRAS measurement, current CMB data only weakly constrain $T_0$. Even ideal future CMB data can at best provide a percent-level constraint on $T_0$, although adding large-scale structure data will lead to further improvement. The FIRAS measurement is so precise that its uncertainty negligibly effects most, but not all, cosmological parameter inferences for current CMB experiments. However, if we eventually want to extract all available information from CMB power spectra measured to multipoles $\ell\simeq5000$, then we will need a better determination of $T_0$ than is currently available.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables. Revised to match version accepted by PRD
Exp2Ipynb : A general machine-learning workflow for the analysis of promoter libraries
Creators: name: Liebal, Ulf Winfried
name: Köbbing, Sebastian
name: Blank, Lars M.
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2020

description: 10 Seiten (2020). doi:10.1101/2020.12.14.422740
Atomic density of an harmonically trapped ideal gas near Bose-Einstein transition temperature
Creators: name: Hoppeler, Rodolphe
name: Gomes, Jose Viana
name: Boiron, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the atomic density of a cloud confined in an isotropic harmonic trap at the vicinity of the Bose-Einstein transition temperature. We show that, for a non-interacting gas and near this temperature, the ground-state density has the same order of magnitude as the excited states density at the centre of the trap. This holds in a range of temperatures where the ground-state population is negligible compared to the total atom number. We compare the exact calculations, available in a harmonic trap, to semi-classical approximations. We show that these latter should include the ground-state contribution to be accurate..
Probing signatures of fractionalization in candidate quantum spin liquid Cu2IrO3 via anomalous Raman scattering
Creators: name: Pal, Srishti
name: Seth, Arnab
name: Sakrikar, Piyush
name: Ali, Anzar
name: Bhattacharjee, Subhro
name: Muthu, D. V. S.
name: Singh, Yogesh
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range entanglement in quantum spin liquids (QSLs) lead to novel low energy excitations with fractionalised quantum numbers and (in 2D) statistics. Experimental detection and manipulation of these excitations present a challenge particularly in view of diverse candidate magnets. A promising probe of fractionalisation is their coupling to phonons. Here we present Raman scattering results for the S = 1/2 honeycomb iridate Cu2IrO3, a candidate Kitaev QSL with fractionalised Majorana fermions and Ising flux excitations. We observe anomalous low temperature frequency shift and linewidth broadening of the Raman intensities in addition to a broad magnetic continuum both of which, we derive, are naturally attributed to the phonon decaying into itinerant Majoranas. The dynamic Raman susceptibility marks a crossover from the QSL to a thermal paramagnet at ~120 K. The phonon anomalies below this temperature demonstrate a strong phonon-Majorana coupling. These results provide for evidence of spin fractionalisation in Cu2IrO3.
description: 17 figures, 2 tables
Sozialhilfe ohne behördliche Auflagen und Weisungen: Eine Prognosearbeit zur Ausgestaltung der Sozialhilfe ohne behördliche Auflagen und Weisungen unter Einbezug der Referenztheorien des lösungs- und kompetenzorientierten Ansatzes
Creators: name: Odermatt, Irina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Behördliche Auflagen und Weisungen sind in der Sozialhilfe oft angewendete Instrumente, um Sozialhilfebeziehende zu einer Verhaltensveränderung zu bewegen. Im Kanton Schwyz kann die Fürsorgebehörde bei Nichtbefolgen einer Auflage oder Weisung eine Leistungskürzung von bis zu 40% des Grundbedarfs verfügen. In der Literatur wird die Wirkung für eine nachhaltige Verhaltensänderungen bei verfügten Auflagen und Weisungen jedoch als gering eingeschätzt. Die vorliegende Master-Arbeit geht der Frage nach, wie die Sozialhilfe ohne behördliche Auflagen und Weisungen ausgestaltet werden könnte. Dabei werden die Referenztheorien des lösungs- und kompetenzorientieren Ansatzes beigezogen und vertieft. Mit zwei ausgewählten Grundannahmen der Lösungs- und Kompetenzorientierung wird aufgezeigt, dass die Klient*innen für die Lösung ihres Problems die Expert*innen sind. Dementsprechend zeigen sich Lösungsvorschläge, die von aussen aufgezwungen werden, als wenig zielführend. Zudem wird erläutert, dass Klient*innen immer kooperieren und Verhaltensweisen, welche als Widerstand gedeutet werden können, dort aufkommen, wo gemäss der Reaktanztheorie nach Jack W. Brehm ein grosser Autonomieverlust droht. Weiter werden verschiedene motivationstheoretische Aspekte ausgeführt. Anhand der verschiedenen theoretischen Bezüge wird das aktuelle System der Sozialhilfe im Bezirk Küssnacht analysiert und anschliessend Prognosen formuliert, wie die Sozialhilfe ohne Auflagen und Weisungen ausgestaltet werden könnte. Diese Arbeit soll Sozialdiensten als Anregung dienen, Auflagen und Weisungen massvoll anzuwenden, da deren längerfristige Wirkung zumindest angezweifelt werden kann.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa mas lko + Fussnote: Master-Arbeit MAS Lösungs- und Kompetenzorientierung, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, 2021 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202112
Roughness of time series in a critical interface model
Creators: name: de Queiroz, S. L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study roughness probability distribution functions (PDFs) of the time signal for a critical interface model, which is known to provide a good description of Barkhausen noise in soft ferromagnets. Starting with time ``windows'' of data collection much larger than the system's internal ``loading time'' (related to demagnetization effects), we show that the initial Gaussian shape of the PDF evolves into a double-Gaussian structure as window width decreases. We supply a physical explanation for such structure, which is compatible with the observed numerical data. Connections to experiment are suggested.
Preventing pressure oscillations does not fix local linear stability issues of entropy-based split-form high-order schemes
Creators: name: Ranocha, Hendrik
name: Gassner, Gregor J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M70, 65M06, 65M60, 35Q35

description: Recently, it was discovered that the entropy-conserving/dissipative high-order split-form discontinuous Galerkin discretizations have robustness issues when trying to solve the simple density wave propagation example for the compressible Euler equations. The issue is related to missing local linear stability, i.e. the stability of the discretization towards perturbations added to a stable base flow. This is strongly related to an anti-diffusion mechanism, that is inherent in entropy-conserving two-point fluxes, which are a key ingredient for the high-order discontinuous Galerkin extension. In this paper, we investigate if pressure equilibrium preservation is a remedy to these recently found local linear stability issues of entropy-conservative/dissipative high-order split-form discontinuous Galerkin methods for the compressible Euler equations. Pressure equilibrium preservation describes the property of a discretization to keep pressure and velocity constant for pure density wave propagation. We present the full theoretical derivation, analysis, and show corresponding numerical results to underline our findings. In addition, we characterize numerical fluxes for the Euler equations that are entropy-conservative, kinetic-energy-preserving, pressure-equilibrium-preserving, and have a density flux that does not depend on the pressure. The source code to reproduce all numerical experiments presented in this article is available online (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4054366).
Loop quantum black hole extensions within the improved dynamics
Creators: name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Olmedo, Javier
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our investigation of an improved quantization scheme for spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity. We find that in the region where the black hole singularity appears in the classical theory, the quantum theory contains semi-classical states that approximate general relativity coupled to an effective anisotropic fluid. The singularity is eliminated and the space-time can be continued into a white hole space-time. This is similar to previously considered scenarios based on a loop quantum gravity quantization.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, matches published version
The Stable Ideals of a Continuous Nest Algebra II
Creators: name: Orr, John Lindsay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47L35

description: We continue the study of the rich family of norm-closed, automorphism invariant ideals of a continuous nest algebra. First we present a unified framework which captures all stable ideals as the kernels of limits of diagonal compressions. We then characterize when two such limits give rise to the same ideal, and we obtain detailed information of the structure of sums and intersections of ideals.
Black hole-neutron star binaries in general relativity: effects of neutron star spin
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Keisuke
name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
name: Faber, Joshua A.
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new sequences of general relativistic, quasiequilibrium black hole-neutron star binaries. We solve for the gravitational field in the conformal thin-sandwich decomposition of Einstein's field equations, coupled to the equations of relativistic hydrostatic equilibrium for a perfect fluid. We account for the black hole by solving these equations in the background metric of a Schwarzschild black hole whose mass is much larger than that of the neutron star. The background metric is treated in Kerr-Schild as well as isotropic coordinates. For the neutron star, we assume a polytropic equation of state with adiabatic index Gamma=2, and solve for both irrotational and corotational configurations. By comparing the results of irrotational and synchronized configurations with the same background metric, we conclude that the effect of the rotation on the location of tidal break-up is only on the order of a few percent. The different choices in the background also lead to differences of order a few percent, which may be an indication of the level to which these configurations approximate quasiequilibrium.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures, published in Phys. Rev. D
Canonical description of cosmological backreaction
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Ding, Ding
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Canonical methods of quasiclassical dynamics make it possible to go beyond a strict background approximation for cosmological perturbations by including independent fields such as correlation degrees of freedom. New models are introduced and analyzed here for cosmological dynamics in the presence of quantum correlations between background and perturbations, as well as cross-correlations between different modes of a quantum field. Evolution equations for moments of a perturbation state reveal conditions required for inhomogeneity to build up out of an initial vacuum. A crucial role is played by quantum non-locality, formulated by canonical methods as an equivalent local theory with non-classical degrees of freedom given by moments of a quantum state.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, v2: new explanations and figure 11
A Microlocal Approach to Renormalization in Stochastic PDEs
Creators: name: Dappiaggi, Claudio
name: Drago, Nicolò
name: Rinaldi, Paolo
name: Zambotti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T05, 60H17

description: We present a novel framework for the study of a large class of non-linear stochastic PDEs, which is inspired by the algebraic approach to quantum field theory. The main merit is that, by realizing random fields within a suitable algebra of functional-valued distributions, we are able to use techniques proper of microlocal analysis which allow us to discuss renormalization and its associated freedomw without resorting to any regularization scheme and to the subtraction of infinities. As an example of the effectiveness of the approach we apply it to the perturbative analysis of the stochastic $Φ^3_d$ model.
description: 62 pages
[Kawaiisu transcriptions]
Creators: name: Barneche, Rose
name: Girado, Lida
name: Klein, Carol
name: Klein, Sheldon
name: Peebles, Carmen
name: Peltier, Anne
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: xaw
subject: Kawaiisu language

description: Notebook 7: texts, elicited words, phrases, and sentences transcribed from audio recordings made in 1982.
Parker Problem in Hall Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Shivamoggi, Bhimsen K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parker problem in Hall magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is considered. Poloidal shear into the toroidal flow generated by the Hall effect is incorporated. This is found to lead to a {\it triple deck} structure for the Parker problem in Hall MHD, with the magnetic field falling off in the intermediate Hall-resistive region more steeply (like \normalfont $1/x^3$) than that (like \normalfont$1/x$) in the outer ideal MHD region.
2d TQFT and baby universes
Creators: name: Gardiner, John G.
name: Megas, Stathis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we extend a 2d topological gravity model of Marolf and Maxfield to have as its bulk action any open/closed TQFT obeying Atiyah's axioms. The holographic duals of these topological gravity models are ensembles of 1d topological theories with random dimension. Specifically, we find that the TQFT Hilbert space splits into sectors, between which correlators of boundary observables factorize, and that the corresponding sectors of the boundary theory have dimensions independently chosen from different Poisson distributions. As a special case, we study in detail the gravity model built from the bulk action of 2d Dijkgraaf-Witten theory, with or without end-of-the-world branes, and for arbitrary finite group $G$. The dual of this Dijkgraaf-Witten gravity model can be interpreted as a 1d topological theory whose Hilbert space is a random representation of $G$ and whose aforementioned sectors are labeled by the irreducible representations of $G$. These holographic interpretations of our gravity models require projecting out negative-norm states from the baby universe Hilbert space, which Marolf and Maxfield achieved by the (only seemingly) ad hoc solution of adding a nonlocal boundary term to the bulk action. In order to place their solution in the completely local framework of a TQFT with defects, we couple the boundaries of the gravity model to an auxiliary 2d TQFT in a non-gravitational (i.e. fixed topology) region. In this framework, the difficulty of negative-norm states can be remedied in a local way by the introduction of a defect line between the gravitational and non-gravitational regions. The gravity model is then holographically dual to an ensemble of boundary conditions in an open/closed TQFT without gravity.
description: 42 pages, 9 figures. v2: fixed several typos, clarified wording, clarified logic in section 2.4, added reference
Local time of an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle
Creators: name: Kishore, G.
name: Kundu, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the local time spent by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle at some location till time t. Using the Feynman-Kac formalism, the computation of the moment generating function of the local time can be mapped to the problem of finding the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of a quantum particle. We employ quantum perturbation theory to compute the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions in powers of the argument of the moment generating function which particularly help to directly compute the cumulants and correlations among local times spent at different locations. In particular, we obtain explicit expressions of the mean, variance, and covariance of the local times in the presence and in the absence of an absorbing boundary, conditioned on survival. In the absence of absorbing boundaries, we also study large deviations of the local time and compute exact asymptotic forms of the associated large deviation functions explicitly. In the second part of the paper, we extend our study of the statistics of local time of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle to the case not conditioned on survival. In this case, one expects the distribution of the local time to reach a stationary distribution in the large time limit. Computations of such stationary distributions are known in the literature as the problem of first passage functionals. In this paper, we study the approach to this stationary state with time by providing a general formulation for evaluating the moment generating function. From this moment generating function, we compute the cumulants of the local time exhibiting the approach to the stationary values explicitly for a free particle and a Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle. Our analytical results are verified and supported by numerical simulations.
description: 43 pages, 7 figures. Rewrote discussion of large-deviation functions for reflecting wall. Corrected various typos / added references. This is the version accepted for publication in J. Stat. Mech
Economically Optimal Distiller Grain Inclusion in Beef Feedlot Rations: Recognition of Omitted Factors
Creators: name: Jones, Crystal
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Rust, Steven R.
name: Jones, Crystal
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Rust, Steven R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: With the rapid expansion of the ethanol industry, the feeding landscape familiar to the feedlot industry is changing. While concerns regarding rising corn prices persist, many within the industry are looking at distiller's grains, a by-product of ethanol production, to serve as a feed substitute. The question remains as to what extent these two feed sources are substitutable. The purpose of this study is to identify the economically optimal inclusion rate of distiller's grains in beef feedlot rations, considering an array of often omitted factors. Most currently prevailing recommendation rates are strictly biologically based and frequently reference only one feeding trial. Unique economic factors considered in this research include the impact of by-product inclusion rates on animal performance (utilizing recently conducted meta-analysis from 17 relevant feeding trials), enhanced likelihood of death loss from heightened sulfur content, and manure disposal costs. Results indicate that excluding these factors can significantly impact optimal inclusion levels and that reliance on a single or few feeding trials may greatly bias results.
Probing Non-Abelian Statistics with QuasiParticle Interferometry
Creators: name: Bonderson, Parsa
name: Shtengel, Kirill
name: Slingerland, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine interferometric experiments in systems that exhibit non-Abelian braiding statistics, expressing outcomes in terms of the modular S-matrix. In particular, this result applies to FQH interferometry, and we give a detailed treatment of the Read-Rezayi states, providing explicit predictions for the recently observed nu=12/5 plateau.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2: references added, orientation convention of the modular S-matrix changed, clarification regarding particle-hole transformation added; v3: references updated, clarifying changes made to conform to the version published in PRL
Identifying Individual Discount Rates and Valuing Public Open Space with Stated Preference Models
Creators: name: Kovacs, Kent F.
name: Larson, Douglas M.
name: Kovacs, Kent F.
name: Larson, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: An individual's rate of time preference is an important consideration for individuals deciding whether to support a public good since the benefits of a public good often come in the future. Our study finds individual discount rates from a contingent valuation method (CVM) question where the time frame of the payment schedule is varied across surveys. We find discount rates similar to the rates found in the recent revealed preference and experimental literature of around 30%. Our CVM question addresses the preservation of additional open space adjacent to a large regional park at the urban fringe of Portland, Oregon.
Monopoles and dualities in $3d$ $\mathcal{N}=2$ quivers
Creators: name: Benvenuti, Sergio
name: Garozzo, Ivan
name: Monaco, Gabriele Lo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seiberg-like dualities in $2+1$d quiver gauge theories with $4$ supercharges are investigated. We consider quivers made of various combinations of classical gauge groups $U(N)$, $Sp(N)$, $SO(N)$ and $SU(N)$. Our main focus is the mapping of the supersymmetric monopole operators across the dual theories. There is a simple general rule that encodes the mapping of the monopoles upon dualising a single node. This rule dictates the mapping of all the monopoles which are not dressed by baryonic operators. We also study more general situations involving baryons and baryon-monopoles, focussing on three examples: $SU-Sp$, $SO-SO$ and $SO-Sp$ quivers.
description: 42 pages + appendices. v1: references added. v2: typos corrected, version for JHEP
title: Determinants of sovereign credit risk during and after the European debt crisis
Creators: name: Xu, Duo
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2025

description: This thesis is comprised of three interconnected chapters that critically examine
the factors influencing sovereign credit risk determination and the subsequent
spillover effects prevalent among peripheral European countries. The research
posits, and subsequently confirms, a differential behavior of sovereign credit levels between crisis and non-crisis periods. This observation not only presents
nuanced, multidimensional insights on the subject matter but also fills a gap in
the existing body of literature.
In the second chapter, an in-depth analysis of the determinants of sovereign
bond spreads is undertaken utilizing a dynamic panel regression approach. The
study identifies monetary policies, economic fundamentals, and market liquidity
as definitive elements influencing a nation’s risk level.
Chapter 3 incorporates a vector autoregressive framework to probe the interrelationships and Granger causality between shocks in sovereign credit default swaps
spreads and potential determinants. This is a crucial step towards understanding
the intricate dynamics between various financial elements and sovereign risk.
Lastly, the thesis delves into the examination of spillover effects among the
sovereign credit default swaps spreads of core and peripheral European countries. This discourse offers empirical evidence of sovereign risk contagion and
flow among these nations across various phases, including periods of sovereign
debt crises, post-crisis recovery, and the COVID-19 pandemic epoch. The study
thereby contributes to a deeper comprehension of financial contagion mechanisms
and sovereign credit risk behavior in response to macroeconomic shocks and monetary policies.
Higher order Hessian structures on manifolds
Creators: name: Kumar, R David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C05, 53C07, 53C15, 53C22

description: In this paper we define $n$th order Hessian structures on manifolds and study them. In particular, when $n = 3$, we make a detailed study and establish a one-to-one correspondence between {\it third-order Hessian structures} and a {\it certain class of connections} on the second-order tangent bundle of a manifold. Further, we show that a connection on the tangent bundle of a manifold induces a connection on the second-order tangent bundle. Also we define second-order geodesics of special second-order connection which gives a geometric characterization of symmetric third-order Hessian structures.
description: 18 pages, no figures, no tables
Dynamics of Price-Cost Margins in the U.S. Meat Industry
Creators: name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Fadiga, Mohamadou L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Price-cost margins
subject: market channel
subject: meat industry
subject: state-space Kalman filter

description: This study analyses the stochastic behavior of price-cost margins (PCMs) in the U.S. meat industry. It, first, develops and estimates a vertical relationship economic model to derive PCMs in the U.S. meat industry (Beef, Pork, and Poultry). Second it analyzes the behavior of PCMs by decomposing them into their seasonal, cyclical, and trend components using the state-space and the Kalman filtering methods. Price-cost margins in the U.S. meat industry are governed by two common trends and two common cycles. The study also found cyclical variability of PCMs is the highest with chicken, secular variability of PCMs is the highest with pork, while seasonal variability of PCMs is the highest with beef.
Estimates and nonexistence of solutions of the scalar curvature equation on noncompact manifolds
Creators: name: Zonglao, Zhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 35J60

description: This paper is to study the conformal scalar curvature equation on complete noncompact Riemannian manifold of nonpositive curvature. We derive some estimates and properties of supersolutions of the scalar curvature equation, and obtain some nonexistence results for complete solutions of scalar curvature equation.
description: 10 pages, no figures, no tables
The Broiler-Corn Ratio: Is it an Indicator of Fattened Broiler Profits?
Creators: name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
name: Hamm, Sandra J.
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
name: Hamm, Sandra J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: As consumers eat healthier and obesity concerns increase, the poultry industry continues growth in sales and revenues. Data reflect ten years of broiler prices, exports, egg and chick production, cold storage stocks, company earnings and stock price. Expected results suggest a broiler-corn ratio is an indicator of company profits.
Nature of Chemisorption on Titanium Carbide and Nitride
Creators: name: Ruberto, Carlo
name: Vojvodic, Aleksandra
name: Lundqvist, Bengt I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive density-functional calculations are performed to understand atomic chemisorption on the TiC(111) and TiN(111) surfaces, in particular the calculated pyramid-shaped trends in the adsorption energies for second- and third-period adatoms. Our previously proposed concerted-coupling model for chemisorption on TiC(111) is tested against new results for adsorption on TiN(111) and found to apply on this surface as well, thus reflecting both similarities and differences in electronic structure between the two compounds.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, conference proceeding presented at IWSP-2005 (Polanica Zdoj, Poland, 2005), submitted to Surf. Sci. (2005)
A Jovian-mass Planet in Microlensing Event OGLE-2005-BLG-071
Creators: name: Udalski, A.
name: Jaroszynski, M.
name: Paczynski, B.
name: Kubiak, M.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Szewczyk, O.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Christie, G. W.
name: DePoy, D. L.
name: Dong, S.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Gaudi, B. S.
name: Gould, A.
name: Han, C.
name: Lepine, S.
name: McCormick, J.
name: Park, B. -G.
name: Pogge, R. W.
name: Bennett, D. P.
name: Bond, I. A.
name: Muraki, Y.
name: Tristram, P. J.
name: Yock, P. C. M.
name: Beaulieu, J. P.
name: Bramich, D. M.
name: Dieters, S. W.
name: Greenhill, J.
name: Hill, K.
name: Horne, K.
name: Kubas, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a several-Jupiter mass planetary companion to the primary lens star in microlensing event OGLE-2005-BLG-071. Precise (<1%) photometry at the peak of the event yields an extremely high signal-to-noise ratio detection of a deviation from the light curve expected from an isolated lens. The planetary character of this deviation is easily and unambiguously discernible from the gross features of the light curve. Detailed modeling yields a tightly-constrained planet-star mass ratio of q=m_p/M=0.0071+/-0.0003. This is the second robust detection of a planet with microlensing, demonstrating that the technique itself is viable and that planets are not rare in the systems probed by microlensing, which typically lie several kpc toward the Galactic center.
description: 4 pages. Minor changes. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
On the compatibility of Nonlinear Electrodynamics models with Robinson--Trautman geometry
Creators: name: Tahamtan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Robinson--Trautman solutions with Nonlinear Electrodynamics are investigated for both L(F ) and L(F, G) Lagrangians and presence of electric and magnetic charges as well as electromagnetic radiation is assumed. Particular interest is devoted to models representing regular black holes for spherically symmetric situations. The results show clear uniqueness of Maxwell electrodynamics with respect to compatibility with Robinson--Trautman class. Additionally, regular black hole models are clearly not suited to this class while famous Born--Infeld model illustrates important distinction between L(F ) and L(F, G) for obtained electric field when magnetic field is nontrivial.
description: Comments welcome
Implications of Transgenic Rice for Farm Households' Nutritional Vulnerability: Projections for Bangladesh
Creators: name: Liang, Yan
name: Reaves, Dixie Watts
name: Norton, George W.
name: Liang, Yan
name: Reaves, Dixie Watts
name: Norton, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper employs multivariate regression to forecast the calorie intake of Bangladeshi farm households in the hunger season based on the household income, production, and demographic composition in the current (post harvest) season. Nutritional vulnerability profiles are derived from the estimation of ex ante mean and variance of future consumption. The results show the income increase induced by introducing transgenic rice will reduce each individual household's probability of suffering a future consumption shortfall and its vulnerability. The overall vulnerability profile of farm households improves in Bangladesh.
Slow-string limit and "antiferromagnetic" state in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Roiban, R.
name: Tirziu, A.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a slow-moving limit of a rigid circular equal-spin solution on R x S^3. We suggest that the solution with the winding number equal to the total spin approximates the quantum string state dual to the maximal-dimension ``antiferromagnetic'' state of the SU(2) spin chain on the gauge theory side. An expansion of the string action near this solution leads to a weakly coupled system of a sine-Gordon model and a free field. We show that a similar effective Hamiltonian appears in a certain continuum limit from the half-filled Hubbard model that was recently suggested to describe the all-order dilatation operator of the dual gauge theory in the SU(2) sector. We also discuss some other slow-string solutions with one spin component in AdS_5 and one in S^5.
description: 32 pages, Latex v2: one footnote and references added
Non-thermal radio emission from O-type stars. I. HD 168112
Creators: name: Blomme, R.
name: Van Loo, S.
name: De Becker, M.
name: Rauw, G.
name: Runacres, M. C.
name: Gunawan, D. Y. A. Setia
name: Chapman, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a radio lightcurve of the O5.5 III(f+) star HD 168112, based on archive data from the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). The fluxes show considerable variability and a negative spectral index, thereby confirming that HD 168112 is a non-thermal radio emitter. The non-thermal radio emission is believed to be due to synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons that have been Fermi accelerated in shocks. For HD 168112, it is not known whether these shocks are due to a wind-wind collision in a binary system or to the intrinsic instability of the stellar wind driving mechanism. Assuming HD 168112 to be a single star, our synchrotron model shows that the velocity jump of the shocks should be very high, or there should be a very large number of shocks in the wind. Neither of these is compatible with time-dependent hydrodynamical calculations of O star winds. If, on the other hand, we assume that HD 168112 is a binary, the high velocity jump is easily explained by ascribing it to the wind-wind collision. By further assuming the star to be an eccentric binary, we can explain the observed radio variability by the colliding-wind region moving in and out of the region where free-free absorption is important. The radio data presented here show that the binary has a period between one and two years. By combining the radio data with X-ray data, we find that the most likely period is about 1.4 yr.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, to be published in A&A
Comparing Alternative Policies to Reduce Traffic Accidents
Creators: name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Parry, Ian W.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: traffic accidents
subject: external costs
subject: pricing policies
subject: insurance reform

description: This paper derives and implements formulas for the welfare effects of differentiated and uniform mileage taxes, gasoline taxes, and per mile insurance premiums, for reducing the external costs of passenger vehicle accidents. The model distinguishes three driver groups and five vehicle groups, and we obtain estimates of external accident costs per mile for each group from crash data. The (average) external accident cost is estimated at 2.2-6.6 cents per mile. Accidents costs differ substantially across drivers of different ages, but only moderately across different vehicles groups. Annual welfare gains from a mileage tax differentiated across drivers and vehicles according to marginal external costs are $9.4 billion in the benchmark case. The uniform mileage tax and per-mile insurance reform can achieve 76% and 65% of this welfare gain, respectively, while the gasoline tax can achieve only 28% of the welfare gain. Unlike other policies, the gasoline tax induces costly improvements in average fleet fuel economy that have little effect on reducing external costs.
Ideal amenability of Banach algebras on locally compact groups
Creators: name: Gordji, M Eshaghi
name: Hosseiniun, S A R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46H20

description: In this paper we study the ideal amenability of Banach algebras. Let $\cal A$ be a Banach algebra and let $I$ be a closed two-sided ideal in $\cal A$, $\cal A$ is $I$-weakly amenable if $H^{1}({\cal A},I^*)=\{0\}$. Further, $\cal A$ is ideally amenable if $\cal A$ is $I$-weakly amenable for every closed two-sided ideal $I$ in $\cal A$. We know that a continuous homomorphic image of an amenable Banach algebra is again amenable. We show that for ideal amenability the homomorphism property for suitable direct summands is true similar to weak amenability and we apply this result for ideal amenability of Banach algebras on locally compact groups.
description: 7 pages, no figures, no tables
Measuring Marginal Congestion Costs of Urban Transportation: Do Networks Matter?
Creators: name: Safirova, Elena
name: Gillingham, Kenneth
name: Safirova, Elena
name: Gillingham, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: marginal congestion costs
subject: congestion pricing
subject: urban networks

description: In determining the marginal cost of congestion, economists have traditionally relied upon directly measuring traffic congestion on network links, disregarding any "network effects," since the latter are difficult to estimate. While for simple networks the comparison can be done within a theoretical framework, it is important to know whether such network effects in real large-scale networks are quantitatively significant. In this paper we use a strategic transportation planning model (START) to compare marginal congestion costs computed link-by-link with measures taking into account network effects. We find that while in aggregate network effects are not significant, congestion measured on a single link is a poor predictor of total congestion costs imposed by travel on that link. Also, we analyze the congestion proliferation effect on the network to see how congestion is distributed within an urban area.
Rodeo Algorithm for Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Choi, Kenneth
name: Lee, Dean
name: Bonitati, Joey
name: Qian, Zhengrong
name: Watkins, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stochastic quantum computing algorithm that can prepare any eigenvector of a quantum Hamiltonian within a selected energy interval $[E-ε, E+ε]$. In order to reduce the spectral weight of all other eigenvectors by a suppression factor $δ$, the required computational effort scales as $O[|\log δ|/(p ε)]$, where $p$ is the squared overlap of the initial state with the target eigenvector. The method, which we call the rodeo algorithm, uses auxiliary qubits to control the time evolution of the Hamiltonian minus some tunable parameter $E$. With each auxiliary qubit measurement, the amplitudes of the eigenvectors are multiplied by a stochastic factor that depends on the proximity of their energy to $E$. In this manner, we converge to the target eigenvector with exponential accuracy in the number of measurements. In addition to preparing eigenvectors, the method can also compute the full spectrum of the Hamiltonian. We illustrate the performance with several examples. For energy eigenvalue determination with error $ε$, the computational scaling is $O[(\log ε)^2/(p ε)]$. For eigenstate preparation, the computational scaling is $O(\log Δ/p)$, where $Δ$ is the magnitude of the orthogonal component of the residual vector. The speed for eigenstate preparation is exponentially faster than that for phase estimation or adiabatic evolution.
description: Added new material on algorithmic performance and preconditioning. 5 pages and 6 figures (main text), 2 pages and 3 figures (supplemental materials)
BioExcel Webinar #53 NB-LIB: A performance portable library for computing forces and energies of multi-particle systems
Creators: name: Jordan, Earl Joseph
name: Keller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Webinar

description: As computers become more specialized there is much ongoing work to optimize for next-generation, Exascale systems. One code currently undergoing such efforts is GROMACS, which has a long track record as a widely used and highly performant HPC code. The core functionality of NB-LIB (NonBonded-LIBrary) is the ability to calculate forces and energies for multiparticle systems, which has applications in a number of scientific disciplines. The goal of NB-LIB is to make the cutting-edge performance of GROMACS available through a high-level C++ API that exposes the GROMACS machinery for computing atomistic forces through a minimal interface. Additionally, NB-LIB provides an intuitive API to describe systems and implement novel simulation workflows that leverages the current performance of GROMACS, as well as future performance gains. In this webinar, Dr. Joe Jordan of KTH and Dr. Sebastian Keller of CSCS will give an overview of how to setup and run particle simulations using the NB-LIB API, which is available in the GROMACS 2021 release. They will also discuss ongoing and planned work to expose more aspects of GROMACS performance and enable more varieties of workflows.