cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universality of the superpotential for d = 4 extremal black holes
Creators: name: Ceresole, Anna
name: Dall'Agata, Gianguido
name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Yeranyan, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a general strategy to obtain the superpotential W for both BPS and non-BPS extremal black holes in N=2 four dimensional supergravities based on symmetric spaces. This extends the construction of W in terms of U-duality invariants that was presented in previous work on the $t^3$ model. As an application, we explicitly provide W and the solutions to the related gradient flows for the $st^2$ and stu models. The procedure is shown to hold also for the full N=8 theory. The role of flat directions in moduli space is clarified.
description: 29 pages. v2: typos corrected, comments and references added
Transcription from the second heavy-strand promoter of human mtDNA is repressed by transcription factor A in vitro
Creators: name: Shadel, G.S.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Uchida, A.
name: Shadel, G.S.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Bestwick, M.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Bestwick, M.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Uchida, A.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Cell-based studies support the existence of two promoters on the heavy strand of mtDNA: heavy-strand promoter 1 (HSP1) and HSP2. However, transcription from HSP2 has been reported only once in a cell-free system, and never when recombinant proteins have been used. Here, we document transcription from HSP2 using an in vitro system of defined composition. An oligonucleotide template representing positions 596-685 of mtDNA was sufficient to observe transcription by the human mtRNA polymerase (POLRMT) that was absolutely dependent on mitochondrial transcription factor B2 (TFB2M). POLRMT/TFB2M-dependent transcription was inhibited by concentrations of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) stoichiometric with the transcription template, a condition that activates transcription from the light-strand promoter (LSP) in vitro. Domains of TFAM required for LSP activation were also required for HSP2 repression, whereas other mtDNA binding proteins failed to alter transcriptional output. Binding sites for TFAM were located on both sides of the start site of transcription from HSP2, suggesting that TFAM binding interferes with POLRMT and/or TFB2M binding. Consistent with a competitive bindingmodel for TFAMrepression of HSP2, the impact of TFAM concentration on HSP2 transcription was diminished by elevating the POLRMT and TFB2M concentrations. In the context of our previous studies of LSP and HSP1, it is now clear that three promoters exist in human mtDNA. Each promoter has a unique requirement for and/or response to the level of TFAM present, thus implying far greater complexity in the regulation of mammalian mitochondrial transcription than recognized to date.
Quantum geometrodynamics creates new problems
Creators: name: Shestakova, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of last years in quantum geometrodynamics highlights new problems which were not obvious in its first formulation proposed by Wheeler and DeWitt. At the first stage the main task was to apply known quantization schemes to gravitational field or a certain cosmological model. This way has led to the realization of the fact that a quantum description of the Universe is impossible without implicit or explicit indication to a reference frame presented by some medium, filling the whole Universe, with its own equation of state and thermodynamical properties. Thus the questions arise, should one seek for a "privileged" reference frame or consider all the variety of gauge conditions and appropriate solutions for the wave function? It is worth noting that thermodynamical properties of such a quantum Universe would also depend on a chosen reference frame to some extent. So, we need a self-consistent quantum theoretical and thermodynamical description of the Universe.
description: 5 pages, talk presented at the XIII Russian Gravitational Conference, Moscow, June 2008, a reference corrected
Mikkel Dack, Everyday Denazification in Postwar Germany. The Fragebogen and Political Screening During the Allied Occupation, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2023
Creators: name: Gemählich, Matthias
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Mikkel Dack, Everyday Denazification in Postwar Germany. The Fragebogen and Political Screening During the Allied Occupation, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press) 2023, 311 p., ISBN 978-1-009-21633-3, GBP 85,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
The life and repertoire of the Australian baritone, Peter Dawson, 1882-1961 : an historical and musicological enquiry
Creators: name: Smith, Russell
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The assumption that Peter Dawson is known as a world-famous recording star, the most famous ballad singer of his era, as the baritone who had recorded more titles and sold more records than any one else during a career which spanned fifty years has almost precluded a comprehensive study of his actual achievements. Through a detailed review of his career from its genesis to the final years this investigation of the professional life of the Australian baritone, Peter Dawson (1882-1961) seeks to test the reality against the legend. Parallel chapters dealing with the principal areas of professional experience leading to analyses of his repertoire are introduced by a general chronological overview which covers more general aspects of Peter Dawson's life and activities within a framework of broad historical events not revealed in the detailed chapters. As hypothesised, the observation of his repertoire reveals an unexpected range and depth of quality. The investigation also reveals his secure competence as a composer and reveals that the extent of his abilities and the quantity of compositions are largely unknown and undervalued. As his fame is unquestioned it is argued that his repertoire must have reflected contemporaneous values; further, that these values were reflected in blind belief in the Empire, in a Commonwealth of Nations, and unquestioning loyalty to the Crown. As these values never changed for Peter Dawson he remained an icon for those generations¬¨‚àë which held true to the same conservative values. But, as the investigation proves that his popularity was restricted to the British Empire and proves that his -popularity gradually diminished, it can be argued that the gradual disintegration of interest in his type of repertoire paralleled a shift away from those values of Empire which he represented; that only a hard core continued to defend these ideals in face of the slow disintegration of the economic power and cultural influence of Great Britain in favour of other nations, particularly the USA, following the effects of World War I. On the one -hand, the investigation confirms that Peter Dawson is remembered as the legendary ballad singer: on the other, the -investigation debunks the myth by exposing the over-simplification of a complex professional career and the manipulation of information which created this stereotype.
The Dehn invariants of the Bricard octahedra
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C25

description: We prove that the Dehn invariants of any Bricard octahedron remain constant during the flex and that the Strong Bellows Conjecture holds true for the Steffen flexible polyhedron.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Hélène Camarade, Le tract en RDA (1949–1990). Instrument de résistance, d’opposition et de conquête de l’espace public, Pessac (Presses universitaires de Bordeaux) 2022
Creators: name: Corbin, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Hélène Camarade, Le tract en RDA (1949–1990). Instrument de résistance, d’opposition et de conquête de l’espace public, Pessac (Presses universitaires de Bordeaux) 2022, 417 p. (Politique XIXe–XXIe siècles), ISBN 979-10-300-0588-2, EUR 31,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Thomas Biebricher, Mitte/Rechts. Die internationale Krise des Konservatismus, Berlin (Suhrkamp) 2023
Creators: name: Bührer, Werner
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Thomas Biebricher, Mitte/Rechts. Die internationale Krise des Konservatismus, Berlin (Suhrkamp) 2023, 638 S., ISBN 978-3-518-43099-6, EUR 30,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Metric Heights on an Abelian Group
Creators: name: Samuels, Charles L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R04, 11G50

description: Suppose $m(α)$ denotes the Mahler measure of the non-zero algebraic number $α$. For each positive real number $t$, the author studied a version $m_t(α)$ of the Mahler measure that has the triangle inequality. The construction of $m_t$ is generic, and may be applied to a broader class of functions defined on any Abelian group $G$. We prove analogs of known results with an abstract function on $G$ in place of the Mahler measure. In the process, we resolve an earlier open problem stated by the author regarding $m_t(α)$.
Martin Baloge, Vie et mort de l’impôt sur la fortune. Les luttes pour la représentation des intérêts à l’Assemblée nationale et au Bundestag, Paris (Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme) 2022
Creators: name: Le Bouëdec, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Martin Baloge, Vie et mort de l’impôt sur la fortune. Les luttes pour la représentation des intérêts à l’Assemblée nationale et au Bundestag, Paris (Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme) 2022, 300 p. (Bibliothèque allemande. Série Dialogiques), ISBN 978-2-7351-2907-2, EUR 24,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Intermolecular interactions within the abundant DEAD-box protein Dhh1 regulate its activity in Vivo
Creators: name: Dutta, A.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Reese, J.C.
name: Zheng, S.
name: Reese, J.C.
name: Dutta, A.
name: Jain, D.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Jain, D.
name: Zheng, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Dhh1 is a highly conserved DEAD-box protein that has been implicated in many processes involved in mRNA regulation. At least some functions of Dhh1 may be carried out in cytoplasmic foci called processing bodies (P-bodies). Dhh1 was identified initially as a putative RNA helicase based solely on the presence of conserved helicase motifs found in the superfamily 2 (Sf2) of DEXD/H-box proteins. Although initial mutagenesis studies revealed that the signature DEAD-box motif is required for Dhh1 function in vivo, enzymatic (ATPase or helicase) or ATP binding activities of Dhh1 or those of any its many higher eukaryotic orthologues have not been described. Here we provide the first characterization of the biochemical activities of Dhh1. Dhh1 has weaker RNA-dependent ATPase activity than other well characterized DEAD-box helicases. We provide evidence that intermolecular interactions between the N- and C-terminal RecA-like helicase domains restrict its ATPase activity; mutation of residues mediating these interactions enhanced ATP hydrolysis. Interestingly, the interdomain interaction mutant displayed enhanced mRNA turnover, RNA binding, and recruitment into cytoplasmic foci in vivo compared with wild type Dhh1. Also, we demonstrate that the ATPase activity of Dhh1 is not required for it to be recruited into cytoplasmic foci, but it regulates its association with RNA in vivo. We hypothesize that the activity of Dhh1 is restricted by interdomain interactions, which can be regulated by cellular factors to impart stringent control over this very abundant RNA helicase.
Hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 3 (HCV NS3): A multifunctional antiviral target
Creators: name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Sharma, S.D.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Sharma, S.D.
name: Raney, K.D.
name: Raney, K.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 3 contains a serine protease and an RNA helicase. Protease cleaves the genomeencoded polyprotein and inactivates cellular proteins required for innate immunity. Protease has emerged as an important target for the development of antiviral therapeutics, but drug resistance has turned out to be an obstacle in the clinic. Helicase is required for both genome replication and virus assembly. Mechanistic and structural studies of helicase have hurled this enzyme into a prominent position in the field of helicase enzymology. Nevertheless, studies of helicase as an antiviral target remain in their infancy. © 2010 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Skyrmionic textures in chiral magnets
Creators: name: Rößler, U. K.
name: Leonov, A. A.
name: Bogdanov, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-centrosymmetric magnets the chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchange stabilizes Skyrmion-strings as excitations which may condense into multiply modulated phases. Such extended Skyrmionic textures are determined by the stability of the localized "solitonic" Skyrmion cores and their geometrical incompatibility which frustrates regular space-filling. We present numerically exact solutions for Skyrmion lattices and formulate basic properties of the Skyrmionic states.
description: Conference information: The International Conference on Magnetism (ICM), Karlsruhe, July 26 - 31, 2009
Identification of multiple rate-limiting steps during the human mitochondrial transcription cycle in vitro
Creators: name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Uchida, A.U.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Reynolds, S.L.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Uchida, A.U.
name: Moustafa, I.M.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Reynolds, S.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We have reconstituted human mitochondrial transcription in vitro on DNA oligonucleotide templates representing the light strand and heavy strand-1 promoters using protein components (RNA polymerase and transcription factors A and B2) isolated from Escherichia coli. We show that 1 eq of each transcription factor and polymerase relative to the promoter is required to assemble a functional initiation complex. The light strand promoter is at least 2-fold more efficient than the heavy strand-1 promoter, but this difference cannot be explained solely by the differences in the interaction of the transcription machinery with the different promoters. In both cases, the rate-limiting step for production of the first phosphodiester bond is open complex formation. Open complex formation requires both transcription factors; however, steps immediately thereafter only require transcription factor B2. The concentration of nucleotide required for production of the first dinucleotide product is substantially higher than that required for subsequent cycles of nucleotide addition. In vitro, promoter-specific differences in post-initiation control of transcription exist, as well as a second rate-limiting step that controls conversion of the transcription initiation complex into a transcription elongation complex. Rate-limiting steps of the biochemical pathways are often those that are targeted for regulation. Like the more complex multisubunit transcription systems, multiple steps may exist for control of transcription in human mitochondria. The tools and mechanistic framework presented here will facilitate not only the discovery of mechanisms regulating human mitochondrial transcription but also interrogation of the structure, function, and mechanism of the complexes that are regulated during human mitochondrial transcription. © 2010 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Optimal factorizations of rational numbers using factorization trees
Creators: name: Samuels, Charles L.
name: Strunk, Tanner J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A51, 11G50, 11R09 (Primary), 05C05, 05C20, 68P05 (Secondary)}

description: Let $m_t(α)$ denote the $t$-metric Mahler measure of the algebraic number $α$. Recent work of the first author established that the infimum in $m_t(α)$ is attained by a single point $\barα= (α_1,\ldots,α_N)\in \overline{\mathbb Q}^N$ for all sufficiently large $t$. Nevertheless, no efficient method for locating $\bar α$ is known. In this article, we define a new tree data structure, called a factorization tree, which enables us to find $\barα$ when $α\in \mathbb Q$. We establish several basic properties of factorization trees, and use these properties to locate $\barα$ in previously unknown cases.
Core human mitochondrial transcription apparatus is a regulated two-component system in vitro
Creators: name: Shutt, T.E.
name: Shutt, T.E.
name: Cotney, J.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Cotney, J.
name: Shadel, G.S.
name: Shadel, G.S.
name: Lodeiro, M.F.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Cameron, C.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The core human mitochondrial transcription apparatus is currently regarded as an obligate three-component system comprising the bacteriophage T7-related mitochondrial RNA polymerase, the rRNA methyltransferase-related transcription factor, h-mtTFB2, and the high mobility group box transcription/DNA-packaging factor, h-mtTFA/TFAM. Using a faithful recombinant human mitochondrial transcription system from Escherichia coli, we demonstrate that specific initiation from the mtDNA promoters, LSP and HSP1, only requires mitochondrial RNA polymerase and h-mtTFB2 in vitro. When h-mtTFA is added to these basal components, LSP exhibits a much lower threshold for activation and a larger amplitude response than HSP1. In addition, when LSP and HSP1 are together on the same transcription template, h-mtTFA-independent transcription from HSP1 and h-mtTFA-dependent transcription from both promoters is enhanced and a higher concentration of h-mtTFA is required to stimulate HSP1. Promoter competition experiments revealed that, in addition to LSP competing transcription components away from HSP1, additional cis-acting signals are involved in these aspects of promoter regulation. Based on these results, we speculate that the human mitochondrial transcription system may have evolved to differentially regulate transcription initiation and transcription-primed mtDNA replication in response to the amount of h-mtTFA associated with nucleoids, which could begin to explain the heterogeneity of nucleoid structure and activity in vivo. Furthermore, this study sheds new light on the evolution of mitochondrial transcription components by showing that the human system is a regulated two-component system in vitro, and thus more akin to that of budding yeast than thought previously.
Anne-Sophie Anglaret, Au service du maréchal? La Légion française des combattants (1940–1944), Paris (CNRS Éditions) 2023
Creators: name: Horne, John
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Anne-Sophie Anglaret, Au service du maréchal? La Légion française des combattants (1940–1944), Paris (CNRS Éditions) 2023, 331 p. (Nationalismes et guerres mondiales), ISBN 978-2-271-13723-4, EUR 25,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
NS3 helicase from the hepatitis C virus can function as a monomer or oligomer depending on enzyme and substrate concentrations
Creators: name: Jennings, T.A.
name: Sikora, D.
name: Tackett, A.J.
name: Harrison, M.K.
name: Sikora, B.
name: Jennings, T.A.
name: Mackintosh, S.G.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Tackett, A.J.
name: Sikora, B.
name: Dave, B.
name: Raney, K.D.
name: Raney, K.D.
name: Mackintosh, S.G.
name: Sikora, D.
name: Harrison, M.K.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Dave, B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase can unwind double-stranded DNA and RNA and has been proposed to form oligomeric structures. Here we examine the DNA unwinding activity of monomeric NS3. Oligomerization was measured by preparing a fluorescently labeled form of NS3, which was titrated with unlabeled NS3, resulting in a hyperbolic increase in fluorescence anisotropy and providing an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant of 236 nM. To evaluate the DNA binding activity of individual subunits within NS3 oligomers, two oligonucleotides were labeled with fluorescent donor or acceptor molecules and then titrated with NS3. Upon the addition of increasing concentrations of NS3, fluorescence energy transfer was observed, which reached a plateau at a 1:1 ratio of NS3 to oligonucleotides, indicating that each subunit within the oligomeric form of NS3 binds to DNA. DNA unwinding was measured under multiple turnover conditions with increasing concentrations of NS3; however, no increase in specific activity was observed, even at enzyme concentrations greater than the apparent dissociation constant for oligomerization. An ATPase-deficient form of NS3, NS3(D290A), was prepared to explore the functional consequences of oligomerization. Under single turnover conditions in the presence of excess concentration of NS3 relative to DNA, NS3(D290A) exhibited a dominant negative effect. However, under multiple turnover conditions in which DNA concentration was in excess to enzyme concentration, NS3(D290A) did not exhibit a dominant negative effect. Taken together, these data support a model in which monomeric forms of NS3 are active. Oligomerization of NS3 occurs, but subunits can function independently or cooperatively, dependent upon the relative concentration of the DNA.
Aurélie Dianara Andry, Social Europe, the Road not Taken. The Left and European Integration in the Long 1970s, Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2022
Creators: name: Bussière, Éric
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Aurélie Dianara Andry, Social Europe, the Road not Taken. The Left and European Integration in the Long 1970s, Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2022, 336 p. (Oxford Studies in Modern European History), ISBN 978-0-19-286709-4, GBP 75,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
PR - Evaluating Options To Increase Profitability On A Dairy Farm In Southwest Victoria, Australia (p214-223)
Creators: name: Leddin, C.M.
name: Heard, J.W.
name: Malcolm, L.R.
name: Tarrant, K.A.
name: Ho, C.K.M.
name: Wales, W.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: case study
subject: modelling
subject: farming systems

description: A simulation study was conducted to examine the profitability of three â€˜alternative futuresâ€™ for a dairy farm facing declining terms of trade. The approach involved a case study farm, input from a steering committee and whole farm analysis involving modelling the systems over time. This provided the necessary insight into the complexity of the system, its management and effects of change on profit, liquidity, wealth and risk. The objective of the study was to compare the performance of a dairy farm business where the farm management system remained largely unchanged over a medium-term planning period (10 years) with â€˜alternative futuresâ€™ that involved modest changes to the farm management system. It was expected that the farm needed to change to remain viable. The results showed that if the farm remained operating under status quo conditions, it would not be profitable, liquidity would deteriorate and equity would decline. The two options explored to maintain or increase profitability and liquidity in the face of a continuing cost-price squeeze produced better outcomes and resulted in greater wealth accumulation than the â€˜do nothing differentâ€™ case. The â€˜changeâ€™ options involved improving pasture consumption by the milking herd and expanding the pastured milking area to reduce the need to purchase feed. The key measures used to assess business performance were annual operating profit, nominal internal rate of return (IRR), annual net cash flow and the value of the ownersâ€™ capital in year 10. With change to the system, annual operating profit increased, on average, by at least 3 times, the nominal IRR increased 2.3 percentage units, annual net cash flow increased $238,000 and owners wealth increased $3 million for the alternative futures investigated. Furthermore, these improved performances were achieved without markedly increasing overall risk.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
The $t$-metric Mahler measures of surds and rational numbers
Creators: name: Samuels, Charles L.
name: Jankauskas, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R04, 11R09 (Primary), 11C08, 12E05 (Secondary)

description: A. Dubickas and C. Smyth introduced the metric Mahler measure $$
 M_1(α) = \inf\left\{\sum_{n=1}^N M(α_n): N \in \mathbb N, α_1 \cdots α_N = α\right\}, $$ where $M(α)$ denotes the usual (logarithmic) Mahler measure of $α\in \overline{\mathbb Q}$. This definition extends in a natural way to the $t$-metric Mahler measure by replacing the sum with the usual $L_t$ norm of the vector $(M(α_1), \dots, M(α_N))$ for any $t\geq 1$. For $α\in \mathbb Q$, we prove that the infimum in $M_t(α)$ may be attained using only rational points, establishing an earlier conjecture of the second author. We show that the natural analogue of this result fails for general $α\in\overline{\mathbb Q}$ by giving an infinite family of quadratic counterexamples. As part of this construction, we provide an explicit formula to compute $M_t(D^{1/k})$ for a square-free $D \in \mathbb N$.
Environmental physiology of the little penguin (Eudyptula minor)
Creators: name: Stahel, Colin Douglas
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates the energetic adaptations and constraints of the little penguin in relation to its aquatic lifestyle and examines the possible function of sleep as an energy conserving mechanism. The little penguin had a similar level of standard metabolic rate to other birds. Body temperature was lower than the general avian level and varied with the site of , measurement. Although penguins may be considered cold-adapted due to the thermal consequences of immersion; the results of this study and analysis of published data for other species shows minimal conductance in penguins appears to be relatively high in comparison to other cold-adapted birds due to the shallow insulative layer provided by the penguins waterproof plumage. This limitation is to some extent compensated by a well-developed capacity to alter body insulation. Water represents a severe thermal challenge to the little penguin since the potential for heat loss is two orders of magnitude greater than in air. Heat balance in water was maintained by prevention of excessive heat loss through insulative changes. Limits to the extent of insulation restrict the ability of the little penguin to withstand low water temperatures. Respiratory ventilation in the little penguin was rr.uch less than expected due to a low respiratory frequency and conferred a very high oxygen extraction coefficient. Ventilation during cold exposure rerrained closely associated YJith rPetabolic demands. The high gas exchange efficiency in the little penguin correlates well with its short aerobic diving patterns. Heat exposure resulted in large increases in ventilation and the limited capacity of little penguins to withstand heat exposure is in part explained by low tolerance to changes in. acid-base status. The metabolic response to wind in the little penguin varied with temperature. At thermoneutrality increased convective heat loss with wind was compensated by an increase in body insulation. During cold exposure body and plumage insulation had attained maximal values whereupon increased windspeed resulted in a linear increase in metabolic heat production. The dense, overlapping feathers of the little penguin, however, provide an effective resistance to increased heat loss associated with windspeed. The primary effect of wind upon partitional insulation at neutral and cold temperatures was a decrease in the insulation provided by the thermal boundary layer. Little penguins showed similar electrophysiological correlates of sleep to other birds and exhibited polyphasic sleep patterns. This study showed that the amount of sleep increased at night due to increased frequency of sleep periods and decreased during cold exposure due to a reduction in the length of sleep periods. Sleep was associated with decreased metabolic rate compared to values in quiet wakefulness. This decrease, however, represented only a marginal reduction in daily energy costs.
PR - Profitability And Risk Evaluation Of Novel Perennial Pasture Systems For Livestock Producers In The High Rainfall Zone: Initial Analysis And Results (p273-286)
Creators: name: Lewis, C.
name: Malcolm, B.
name: Farquharson, B.
name: Leury, B.
name: Behrendt, R.
name: Clark, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Pasture Investment
subject: Representative Farm Analysis

description: Increased awareness by farmers, scientists and farm advisors of the potential to increase the role of perennial pastures in livestock grazing systems has lead to the development and evaluation of new perennial pasture systems for livestock production in the high rainfall zone of south west Victoria. Increased stock carrying capacity per hectare compared to current common practice has been reported. Thorough and convincing whole farm management analysis of the merit of investing in these new perennial pasture systems is required. This evaluation must account for the likely increases in carrying capacity, expected return on extra capital invested, finance implications, effects on the farm balance sheet and other whole farm implications of the change over time including risk. In this work changes to a current-practice, regional representative farm were modelled over time. The approach was to use partial development budgets with a whole of farm perspective to calculate the possible net present values, internal rate of returns and nominal net cash flows of two perennial pasture investment options under a range of stocking rate conditions. Price breakeven and variability of extra net cash flows analysis was investigated, as was risk associated establishment failure. Considering economic returns, risk and finances, investing in these new perennial pasture systems can be an attractive option for farmers in the study region compared the performance of their farm systems under current common practice and also compared to alternative investments off the farm.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Microchannel avalanche photodiode with wide linearity range
Creators: name: Sadygov, Z.
name: Olshevski, A.
name: Anphimov, N.
name: Bokova, T.
name: Chalyshev, V.
name: Chirikov-Zorin, I.
name: Dovlatov, A.
name: Krumshtein, Z.
name: Mekhtieva, R.
name: Mukhtarov, R.
name: Shukurova, V.
name: Troitskaya, M.
name: Zhezher, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Design and physical operation principles of new microchannel avalanche photodiode (MC APD) with gain up to 10^5 and linearity range improved an order of magnitude compared to known similar devices. A distinctive feature of the new device is a directly biased p-n junction under each pixel which plays role of an individual quenching resistor. This allows increasing pixel density up to 40000 per mm^2 and making entire device area sensitive.
description: Submitted to Journal of Technical Physics
AWDIT: An Optimal Weak Database Isolation Tester
Creators: name: Møldrup, Lasse
name: Pavlogiannis, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.4; D.2.5; F.2.2

description: In order to achieve low latency, high throughput, and partition tolerance, modern databases forgo strong transaction isolation for weak isolation guarantees. However, several production databases have been found to suffer from isolation bugs, breaking their data-consistency contract. Black-box testing is a prominent technique for detecting isolation bugs, by checking whether histories of database transactions adhere to a prescribed isolation level.
 Testing databases on realistic workloads of large size requires isolation testers to be as efficient as possible, a requirement that has initiated a study of the complexity of isolation testing. Although testing strong isolation has been known to be NP-complete, weak isolation levels were recently shown to be testable in polynomial time, which has propelled the scalability of testing tools. However, existing testers have a large polynomial complexity, restricting testing to workloads of only moderate size, which is not typical of large-scale databases.
 In this work, we develop AWDIT, a highly-efficient and provably optimal tester for weak database isolation. Given a history $H$ of size $n$ and $k$ sessions, AWDIT tests whether H satisfies the most common weak isolation levels of Read Committed (RC), Read Atomic (RA), and Causal Consistency (CC) in time $O(n^{3/2})$, $O(n^{3/2})$, and $O(n \cdot k)$, respectively, improving significantly over the state of the art. Moreover, we prove that AWDIT is essentially optimal, in the sense that there is a conditional lower bound of $n^{3/2}$ for any weak isolation level between RC and CC. Our experiments show that AWDIT is significantly faster than existing, highly optimized testers; e.g., for the $\sim$20% largest histories, AWDIT obtains an average speedup of $245\times$, $193\times$, and $62\times$ for RC, RA, and CC, respectively, over the best baseline.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; accepted for PLDI 2025
Upgrading public low-rise housing areas in Hanoi
Creators: name: Nguyen, TL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This project analyses the problems of Hanoi's public low-rise housing neighbourhoods built during the years of the subsidised economic mechanism of Vietnam's socialist government from 1954 to 1986. It proposes a broad scale approach for the improvement of conditions in those neighbourhoods. The investigative part of the project gives a brief history of housing development and housing types in Hanoi prior to and during the period in question. It explores the physical conditions of the public housing neighbourhoods today. It also describes the organisational framework which produced and manages them. Further, it explores the changing economic conditions and government policies in contemporary Vietnam and proposes an approach for neighbourhood improvement, including the refurbishment of houses. The proposals cover not only physical planning (land use, dwellings, community facilities, public spaces and infrastructure networks) but other aspects such as land tenure, home ownership, finance and neighbourhood management, all of which have to be addressed simultaneously. The project includes a detailed study and plan for an example neighbourhood: Truong Dinh.
Phosphate release contributes to the rate-limiting step for unwinding by an RNA helicase
Creators: name: Uchida, A.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Uchida, A.
name: Raney, K.D.
name: Raney, K.D.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Wang, Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: RNA helicases function in numerous aspects of RNA biology. These enzymes are RNA-stimulated ATPases that translocate on RNA and unwind or remodel structured RNA in an ATP-dependent fashion. How ATP and the ATPase cycle fuel the work performed by helicases is not completely clear. The hepatitis C virus RNA helicase, NS3, is an important model system for this class of enzymes. NS3 binding to a single-/double-strand RNA or DNA junction leads to ATP-independent melting of the duplex and formation of a complex capable of ATP-dependent unwinding by using a spring-loaded mechanism. We have established an RNA substrate for NS3 that can be unwound in a single sub-step. Our studies are consistent with a model in which a single ATP binding and/or hydrolysis event sets the unwinding spring and phosphate dissociation contributes to release of the spring, thereby driving the power stroke used for unwinding.
The parametrized family of metric Mahler measures
Creators: name: Samuels, Charles L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R04, 11R09 (Primary), 30D20, 54A10 (Secondary)

description: Let $M(α)$ denote the (logarithmic) Mahler measure of the algebraic number $α$. Dubickas and Smyth, and later Fili and the author, examined metric versions of $M$. The author generalized these constructions in order to associate, to each point in $t\in (0,\infty]$, a metric version $M_t$ of the Mahler measure, each having a triangle inequality of a different strength. We further examine the functions $M_t$, using them to present an equivalent form of Lehmer's conjecture. We show that the function $t\mapsto M_t(α)^t$ is constructed piecewise from certain sums of exponential functions. We pose a conjecture that, if true, enables us to graph $t\mapsto M_t(α)$ for rational $α$.
Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating tau Decays into a Lepton and an f0(980) Meson
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for lepton-flavor-violating tau decays into a lepton (electron or muon) and an f0(980) meson using 671 fb-1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. No events are observed and we set the following 90% C.L. upper limits on the branching fraction products: B(tau- -> e-f0(980))*B(f0(980)->pi+pi-)<3.2x10^-8 and B(tau- -> mu-f0(980))*B(f0(980) -> pi+pi-)<3.4x10^-8. This is the first search performed for these modes.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Michael Zeuske, Afrika – Atlantik – Amerika. Sklaverei und Sklavenhandel in Afrika, auf dem Atlantik und in den Amerikas sowie in Europa, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2022
Creators: name: Heinze, Robert
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Michael Zeuske, Afrika – Atlantik – Amerika. Sklaverei und Sklavenhandel in Afrika, auf dem Atlantik und in den Amerikas sowie in Europa, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2022, 339 S., 30 Abb. (Dependency and Slavery Studies, 2), ISBN 978-3-11078-714-6, EUR 79,95.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4
Picornavirus genome replication: Roles of precursor proteins and rate-limiting steps in oriI-dependent VPg uridylylation
Creators: name: Goodfellow, I.G.
name: Goodfellow, I.G.
name: Hyung, S.O.
name: Hyung, S.O.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Pathak, H.B.
name: Arnold, J.J.
name: Pathak, H.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The 5′ ends of all picornaviral RNAs are linked covalently to the genome-encoded peptide, VPg (or 3B). VPg linkage is thought to occur in two steps. First, VPg serves as a primer for production of diuridylylated VPg (VPg-pUpU) in a reaction catalyzed by the viral polymerase that is templated by an RNA element (oriI). It is currently thought that the viral 3AB protein is the source of VPg in vivo. Second, VPg-pUpU is transferred to the 3′ end of plus- and/or minus-strand RNA and serves as primer for production of full-length RNA. Nothing is known about the mechanism of transfer. We present biochemical and biological evidence refuting the use of 3AB as the donor for VPg uridylylation. Our data are consistent with precursors 3BC and/or 3BCD being employed for uridylylation. This conclusion is supported by in vitro uridylylation of these proteins, the ability of a mutant replicon incapable of producing processed VPg to replicate in HeLa cells and cell-free extracts and corresponding precursor processing profiles, and the demonstration of 3BC-linked RNA in mutant replicon-transfected cells. These data permit elaboration of our model for VPg uridylylation to include the use of precursor proteins and invoke a possible mechanism for location of the diuridylylated, VPg-containing precursor at the 3′ end of plus- or minus-strand RNA for production of full-length RNA. Finally, determinants of VPg uridylylation efficiency suggest formation and/or collapse or release of the uridylylated product as the rate-limiting step in vitro depending upon the VPg donor employed. © 2008 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Delivery of an Injectable Biomaterial to the Striatum- a Computational Analysis
Creators: name: Syntouka, Ioanna Marina
name: Riches, Philip
name: McDonald, Alexis
name: Kazakidi, Asimina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The delivery of a cell-embedded hydrogel to the striatum is a promising strategy for Parkinson’s disease. In this study, a computational model of the intrastriatal injection was used to analyze the delivery process.
Determining the Distance of Cyg X-3 with its X-ray Dust Scattering Halo
Creators: name: Ling, Zhixing
name: Zhang, Shuang Nan
name: Tang, Shichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a cross-correlation method, we study the X-ray halo of Cyg X-3. Two components of dust distributions are needed to explain the time lags derived by the cross-correlation method. Assuming the distance as 1.7 kpc for Cygnus OB2 association (a richest OB association in the local Galaxy) and another uniform dust distribution, we get a distance of $7.2^{+0.3}_{-0.5}$ kpc (68$%$ confidence level) for Cyg X-3. When using the distance estimation of Cygnus OB2 as 1.38 kpc or 1.82 kpc, the inferred distance for Cyg X-3 is $3.4^{+0.2}_{-0.2}$ kpc or $9.3^{+0.6}_{-0.4}$ kpc respectively. The distance estimation uncertainty of Cyg X-3 is mainly related to the distance of the Cygnus OB2, which may be improved in the future with high precision astrometric measurements. The advantage of this method is that the result depends weakly on the photon energy, dust grain radius, scattering cross-section and so on.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, ApJ, 2009, 695, 1111-1120
The finiteness of computing the ultrametric Mahler measure
Creators: name: Samuels, Charles L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R04 (Primary)

description: Recent work of Fili and the author examines an ultrametric version of the Mahler measure, denoted $M_\infty(α)$ for an algebraic number $α$. We show that the computation of $M_\infty(α)$ can be reduced to a certain search through a finite set. Although it is a open problem to record the points of this set in general, we provide some examples where it is reasonable to compute and our result can be used to determine $M_\infty(α)$.
PR - Potential For New Zealand Farmers To Reduce Sheep Greenhouse Gas Emissions Through Genetic Selection Tools (p18-26)
Creators: name: Ludemann, Cameron
name: Byrne, Tim
name: Sise, Jude
name: Amer, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Greenhouse gases
subject: sheep
subject: genetic selection

description: This research examined and quantified the effect on farm profit and emissions per kilogram of lamb product and per ewe when using different potential genetic selection tools. A new selection tool was designed for farmers to select animals that produce fewer greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while maintaining an â€˜acceptableâ€™ level of genetic progress in traits which enhance farm profitability. Selection of sheep based solely on farm profit could potentially improve emission reductions per unit of product by 0.190 kg CO2e/kg lamb carcass weight (CWT). This is equivalent to a 0.61% reduction in total lamb emissions per annum (pa). Selection of sheep based solely on improving GHG emissions efficiency rather than farm profitability could potentially improve emission reductions per unit of product to 0.250 kg CO2e/kg lamb CWT per annum; equivalent to a 0.8% reduction in total emissions pa. However, doing this would come at the cost of 27 cents per breeding ewe reduction in annual genetic progress for farm profitability, due to sub-optimal emphasis on traits which enhance farm profits. A selection tool would not be adopted by farmers if it caused an unacceptable level of farm profit progress to be lost. Altering the relative cost of each unit of carbon equivalents (CO2e) in the selection tool enabled the balance between GHG emissions per unit of product and farm profit progress to be changed. A workshop involving key New Zealand sheep industry members was organised to discuss what an acceptable trade-off would be between progress made in farm profit and that in reducing GHG emissions per kilogram of product. A $25/t CO2e cost was deemed to provide an â€˜acceptableâ€™ trade-off. The acceptable trade-off produced an annual 0.199 kg CO2e/kg lamb CWT reduction in GHG emissions. This was predicted to achieve a 0.64% pa reduction in total emissions or 79.6% of the total possible reduction in GHG emissions using selection index tools, while still achieving 99.8% of the potential gains in farm profit progress.
description: Eighteenth International Farm Management Congress, Methven, New Zealand, 2011
Helge Wendt, Kohlezeit. Eine Global- und Wissensgeschichte (1500–1900), Frankfurt a. M. (Campus Verlag) 2022
Creators: name: Uekötter, Frank
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2023

description: Helge Wendt, Kohlezeit. Eine Global- und Wissensgeschichte (1500–1900), Frankfurt a. M. (Campus Verlag) 2022, 479 S., ISBN 978-3-593-51538-0, EUR 45,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2023/4