cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Proca-field in Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Helesfai, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the Proca-field in the framework of Loop Quantum Gravity. It turns out that the methods developed there can be applied to the symplectically embedded Proca-field, giving a rigorous, consistent, non-perturbative quantization of the theory. This can be achieved by introducing a scalar field, which has completely different properties than the one used in spontaneous symmetry breaking. The analysis of the kernel of the Hamiltonian suggests that the mass term in the quantum theory has a different role than in the classical theory.
description: 15 pages. v2: 19 pages, amended sections 2 and 6, references added v3: 20 pages, amended section 6 and minor corrections
A tale of two mergers: constraints on kilonova detection in two short GRBs at z$\sim$0.5
Creators: name: O'Connor, B.
name: Troja, E.
name: Dichiara, S.
name: Chase, E. A.
name: Ryan, G.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Fryer, C. L.
name: Ricci, R.
name: Marshall, F.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Wollaeger, R. T.
name: Fontes, C. J.
name: Korobkin, O.
name: Gatkine, P.
name: Kutyrev, A.
name: Veilleux, S.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Sakamoto, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed multi-wavelength analysis of two short Gamma-Ray Bursts (sGRBs) detected by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory: GRB 160624A at $z=0.483$ and GRB 200522A at $z=0.554$. These sGRBs demonstrate very different properties in their observed emission and environment. GRB 160624A is associated to a late-type galaxy with an old stellar population ($\approx$3 Gyr) and moderate on-going star formation ($\approx$1 $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$). Hubble and Gemini limits on optical/nIR emission from GRB 160624A are among the most stringent for sGRBs, leading to tight constraints on the allowed kilonova properties. In particular, we rule out any kilonova brighter than AT2017gfo, disfavoring large masses of wind ejecta ($\lesssim$0.03 $M_\odot$). In contrast, observations of GRB 200522A uncovered a luminous ($L_\textrm{F125W}\approx 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$ at 2.3~d) and red ($r-H\approx 1.3$ mag) counterpart. The red color can be explained either by bright kilonova emission powered by the radioactive decay of a large amount of wind ejecta (0.03 $M_\odot$ $\lesssim$ $M$ $\lesssim$ 0.1 $M_\odot$) or moderate extinction, $E(B-V)\approx0.1-0.2$ mag, along the line of sight. The location of this sGRB in the inner regions of a young ($\approx$0.1 Gyr) star-forming ($\approx$2-6 $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$) galaxy and the limited sampling of its counterpart do not allow us to rule out dust effects as contributing, at least in part, to the red color.
description: MNRAS, In Press
COVINFORM - Case study coordination guidelines
Creators: name: Trump, Benjamin
name: Manuel Palma, José
name: Antunes, Dalila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Case Study Research
Research Methods
Study Population
Vulnerability

description: This document contains core guidelines for the coordination of various COVINFORM case studies. Rather than being overly prescriptive and/or establish strict methodological requirements that are present in other reports (e.g., D3.2 Multi-site research design and methodological framework), the intent of these guidelines is to enable coordinators of each case-study to conduct their research in a manner that makes sense to the opportunities and limitations of the sites and populations that are being researched, while still producing broader awareness and coordination of the successes and challenges that each case may be having over time. Such coordination is intended to assist before, during, and at the completion of each case’s research study. Ultimately, such coordination shall improve COVINFORM’s ability to generate a more comprehensive perspective of communities’ resilience that can be applied to future crisis situations.
Matrix at strong coupling
Creators: name: Sochichiu, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the strong coupling limit (g->infty) for the Yang--Mills type matrix models. In this limit the dynamics of the model is reduced to one of the diagonal components which is characterized by a linearly confining potential. We also shortly discuss the case of the pure Yang--Mills model in more than one dimension.
description: 15 pages, text improved, misprints corrected, a comment and new references added
Computing and Memory Technologies based on Magnetic Skyrmions
Creators: name: Vakili, Hamed
name: Zhou, Wei
name: Ma, Chung T
name: Morshed, Md Golam
name: Sakib, Mohammad Nazmus
name: Hartnett, Tim
name: Xu, Jun-Wen
name: Ganguly, Samiran
name: Litzius, Kai
name: Quessab, Yassine
name: Balachandran, Prasanna
name: Stan, Mircea
name: Poon, S J
name: Kent, Andrew D.
name: Beach, Geoffrey
name: Ghosh, Avik W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solitonic magnetic excitations such as domain walls and, specifically, skyrmionics enable the possibility of compact, high density, ultrafast,all-electronic, low-energy devices, which is the basis for the emerging area of skyrmionics. The topological winding of skyrmion spins affects their overall lifetime, energetics and dynamical behavior. In this review, we discuss skyrmionics in the context of the present day solid state memory landscape, and show how their size, stability and mobility can be controlled by material engineering, as well as how they can be nucleated and detected. Ferrimagnetsnear their compensation points are important candidates for this application, leading to detailed exploration of amorphous CoGd as well as the study of emergent materials such as Mn$_4$N and Inverse Heusler alloys. Along with material properties, geometrical parameters such as film thickness, defect density and notches can be used to tune skyrmion properties, such as their size and stability. Topology, however, can be a double-edged sword, especially for isolated metastable skyrmions, as it brings stability at the cost of additional damping and deflective Magnus forces compared to domain walls. Skyrmion deformation in response to forces also makes them intrinsically slower than domain walls. We explore potential analog applications of skyrmions, including temporal memory at low density, and decorrelator for stochastic computing at a higher density that capitalizes on their interactions. We summarize the main challenges to achieve a skyrmionics technology, including maintaining positional stability with very high accuracy, electrical readout, especially for small ferrimagnetic skyrmions, deterministic nucleation and annihilation, and overall integration with digital circuits with the associated circuit overhead.
description: 41 pages, 34 figure, review
The exploration of webcam enabled head-tracking in first-person-shooter games
Creators: name: Sko, Torben Hugh
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Multimodal user interfaces (Computer systems)
subject: Human-computer interaction.
subject: Computer games Programming
subject: Computer games Design

description: Gestural gaming has become highly prominent in recent years. However, head gesture interfaces have seen relatively little adoption, despite being achievable using a common webcam. This thesis explores whether head-tracking can improve the gameplay experience, by examining its use in first-person-shooter (FPS) games as played on PCs. The work focuses on techniques that augment traditional keyboard and mouse input, in an effort to appeal to a diverse audience of PC players including those less inclined to relinquish their traditional control methods. The thesis commences with a systematic examination of the FPS/head-tracking interaction space, from which a set of viable techniques are drawn. The techniques are assessed using three exploratory studies that include several focus groups (featuring game players and industry representatives) and an online survey. Two of the more promising techniques are subsequently synthesised into "HAL" - a technique that allows players to perform a continuous lean movement, whilst also incorporating a responsive version of the shaky-camera effect made popular by modern film. HAL is subsequently examined using a large-scale remote study featuring 7000 participants. This test allowed the technique to be examined within the technique's target environment, namely the home. HAL was found to improve a game's immersion and realism, with participants also finding it very natural. While several caveats pertaining to its use may prevent HAL from seeing widespread adoption in its present form, the overall performance and acceptance of the technique bodes well for both HAL and, more broadly, head-tracking. From this work a set of guidelines for head-tracking interaction techniques and a set of guidelines for performing online studies are drawn. It is hoped that this will make the experience and expertise gained throughout this research readily available to others.
Edge-based analysis of networks: Curvatures of graphs and hypergraphs
Creators: name: Eidi, Marzieh
name: Farzam, Amirhossein
name: Leal, Wilmer
name: Samal, Areejit
name: Jost, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The relations, rather than the elements, constitute the structure of networks. We therefore develop a systematic approach to the analysis of networks, modelled as graphs or hypergraphs, that is based on structural properties of (hyper)edges, instead of vertices. For that purpose, we utilize so-called network curvatures. These curvatures quantify the local structural properties of (hyper)edges, that is, how, and how well, they are connected to others. In the case of directed networks, they assess the input they receive and the output they produce, and relations between them. With those tools, we can investigate biological networks. As examples, we apply our methods here to protein-protein interaction, transcriptional regulatory and metabolic networks.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Understanding Policymakers' Perspectives: A Critical Factor in Promoting Reproductive Health Development Progress in Ukraine
Creators: name: Waller, Kimberly A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: The international donor community, predominantly the U.S. Government, has invested over $24 million in reproductive health programs in Ukraine, expressly to decrease abortion rates and increase the use of modern contraceptives. Yet, as of 2006, after over 12 years of reproductive health development programming, Ukraine still had one of the highest levels of abortion in the world and the use of modern contraceptives remained very low. In addition, broader international donor goals of building sustainable development programs had not been realized due to Ukrainian policymakers' indifference towards donor supported programs, demonstrated by their lack of financial support for reproductive health development initiatives in Ukraine.
OpenKBP: The open-access knowledge-based planning grand challenge
Creators: name: Babier, Aaron
name: Zhang, Binghao
name: Mahmood, Rafid
name: Moore, Kevin L.
name: Purdie, Thomas G.
name: McNiven, Andrea L.
name: Chan, Timothy C. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of this work is to advance fair and consistent comparisons of dose prediction methods for knowledge-based planning (KBP) in radiation therapy research. We hosted OpenKBP, a 2020 AAPM Grand Challenge, and challenged participants to develop the best method for predicting the dose of contoured CT images. The models were evaluated according to two separate scores: (1) dose score, which evaluates the full 3D dose distributions, and (2) dose-volume histogram (DVH) score, which evaluates a set DVH metrics. Participants were given the data of 340 patients who were treated for head-and-neck cancer with radiation therapy. The data was partitioned into training (n=200), validation (n=40), and testing (n=100) datasets. All participants performed training and validation with the corresponding datasets during the validation phase of the Challenge, and we ranked the models in the testing phase based on out-of-sample performance. The Challenge attracted 195 participants from 28 countries, and 73 of those participants formed 44 teams in the validation phase, which received a total of 1750 submissions. The testing phase garnered submissions from 28 teams. On average, over the course of the validation phase, participants improved the dose and DVH scores of their models by a factor of 2.7 and 5.7, respectively. In the testing phase one model achieved significantly better dose and DVH score than the runner-up models. Lastly, many of the top performing teams reported using generalizable techniques (e.g., ensembles) to achieve higher performance than their competition. This is the first competition for knowledge-based planning research, and it helped launch the first platform for comparing KBP prediction methods fairly and consistently. The OpenKBP datasets are available publicly to help benchmark future KBP research, which has also democratized KBP research by making it accessible to everyone.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables
Crossing symmetry and phenomenological widths in effective Lagrangian models of the pion photoproduction process
Creators: name: Fernandez-Ramirez, C.
name: de Guerra, E. Moya
name: Udias, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the importance of crossing symmetry in effective field models and the effects of phenomenological nucleon resonance widths on the paradigmatic case of pion photoproduction. We use reaction models containing four star resonances up to 1.8 Gev ($Δ$(1232), N(1440), N(1520), N(1535), $Δ$(1620), N(1650), $Δ$(1700), and N(1720)) with different prescriptions for crossed terms and widths, to fit the latest world database on pion photoproduction. We compare $χ^2$ results from selected multipoles and fits. The $χ^2$ is highly dependent on the fulfillment of crossing symmetry and the inclusion of $u$ channels.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, to be published in Physics Letters B
A convolutional-neural-network estimator of CMB constraints on dark matter energy injection
Creators: name: Huang, Wei-Chih
name: Kuo, Jui-Lin
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the impact of energy injection by dark matter annihilation on the cosmic microwave background power spectra can be apprehended via a residual likelihood map. By resorting to convolutional neural networks that can fully discover the underlying pattern of the map, we propose a novel way of constraining dark matter annihilation based on the Planck 2018 data. We demonstrate that the trained neural network can efficiently predict the likelihood and accurately place bounds on the annihilation cross-section in a $\textit{model-independent}$ fashion. The machinery will be made public in the near future.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures; to match the published version
Electron evaporation from magnetic trap in Troitsk nu-mass experiment
Creators: name: Nozik, Alexander
name: Hamitov, Timur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is dedicated to the simulation of the so-called trapping-effect observed in the Troitsk nu-mass experiment. The effect is caused by the magnetic trapping of decay electrons in the windowless gaseous tritium source and the gradual evaporation of those electrons. As a result, alongside regular tritium beta-spectrum electrons, we see additional electrons that are initially trapped in the source and escape it with changed energy. The spectrum of evaporated electrons is quite peculiar (almost flat for monochromatic initial electrons) and could not be directly measured in the experiment. So one has to rely on simulations. Also, it is possible that the same effect could be observed in other cases of magnetic traps.
The trail of discrete X-ray sources in the early-type galaxy NGC4261: anisotropy in the globular cluster distribution?
Creators: name: Giordano, Lea
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Trinchieri, Ginevra
name: Wolter, Anna
name: Colpi, Monica
name: Gavazzi, Giuseppe
name: Mayer, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra images of the elliptical galaxy NGC4261 have revealed an anisotropy in the spatial distribution of the off-nuclear X-ray sources, interpreted by Zezas et al. as evidence of an association with a young stellar population. Our independent analysis of archive X-ray (Chandra) and optical (INT and HST) observations confirms the anisotropy of the X-ray sources but conducts to a different interpretation for their origin. We find that nearly half of the X-ray sources are associated to a globular cluster (optical counterpart) suggesting that they are accreting low-mass X-ray binaries. Where color index information is available, the X-ray sources are found to reside in red (metal-rich) systems. The luminosity function of the X-ray sources is also consistent with the one drawn from a population of Low Mass X-ray Binaries. We further investigate the properties of the sample of point-like sources obtained from archival optical images that we suggest are good globular cluster candidates and for which we find that the projected spatial distribution is non-homogeneous. In addition, we show that the distributions of the optical and X-ray populations are very similar, which leads us to conclude that the spatial anisotropy of the X-ray sources in NGC4261 is mostly a reflection of the anisotropy of the globular cluster population.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ main journal
Circular polarization dependent study of the microwave photoconductivity in a two-dimensional electron system
Creators: name: Smet, J. H.
name: Gorshunov, B.
name: Jiang, C.
name: Pfeiffer, L.
name: West, K.
name: Umanksy, V.
name: Dressel, M.
name: Meisels, R.
name: Kuchar, F.
name: von Klitzing, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization dependence of the low field microwave photoconductivity and absorption of a two-dimensional electron system has been investigated in a quasi-optical setup in which linear and any circular polarization can be produced in-situ. The microwave induced resistance oscillations and the zero resistance regions are notedly immune to the sense of circular polarization. This observation is discrepant with a number of proposed theories. Deviations only occur near the cyclotron resonance absorption where an unprecedented large resistance response is observed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Corryvreckan: A Modular 4D Track Reconstruction and Analysis Software for Test Beam Data
Creators: name: Dannheim, Dominik
name: Dort, Katharina
name: Huth, Lennart
name: Hynds, Daniel
name: Kremastiotis, Iraklis
name: Kröger, Jens
name: Munker, Magdalena
name: Pitters, Florian
name: Schütze, Paul
name: Spannagel, Simon
name: Vanat, Tomas
name: Williams, Morag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Corryvreckan is a versatile, highly configurable software with a modular structure designed to reconstruct and analyse test beam and laboratory data. It caters to the needs of the test beam community by providing a flexible offline event building facility to combine detectors with different read-out schemes, with or without trigger information, and includes the possibility to correlate data from multiple devices based on timestamps. Hit timing information, available with high precision from an increasing number of detectors, can be used in clustering and tracking to reduce combinatorics. Several algorithms, including an implementation of Millepede-II, are provided for offline alignment. A graphical user interface enables direct monitoring of the reconstruction progress and can be employed for quasi-online monitoring during data taking. This work introduces the Corryvreckan framework architecture and user interface, and provides a detailed overview of the event building algorithm. The reconstruction and analysis capabilities are demonstrated with data recorded at the DESY II Test Beam Facility using the EUDAQ2 data acquisition framework with an EUDET-type beam telescope, a Timepix3 timing reference, a fine-pitch planar silicon sensor with CLICpix2 readout and the AIDA Trigger Logic Unit. The individual steps of the reconstruction chain are presented in detail.
Cosmological model with viscosity media (dark fluid) described by an effective equation of state
Creators: name: Ren, J.
name: Meng, Xin He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generally parameterized equation of state (EOS) is investigated in the cosmological evolution with bulk viscosity media modelled as dark fluid, which can be regarded as a unification of dark energy and dark matter. Compared with the case of the perfect fluid, this EOS has possessed four additional parameters, which can be interpreted as the case of the non-perfect fluid with time-dependent viscosity or the model with variable cosmological constant. From this general EOS, a completely integrable dynamical equation to the scale factor is obtained with its solution explicitly given out. (i) In this parameterized model of cosmology, for a special choice of the parameters we can explain the late-time accelerating expansion universe in a new view. The early inflation, the median (relatively late time) deceleration, and the recently cosmic acceleration may be unified in a single equation. (ii) A generalized relation of the Hubble parameter scaling with the redshift is obtained for some cosmology interests. (iii) By using the SNe Ia data to fit the effective viscosity model we show that the case of matter described by $p=0$ plus with effective viscosity contributions can fit the observational gold data in an acceptable level
description: 9 figs
The use of mixing-sensitive chemical reactions to characterize mixing in the liquid phase of fibre suspensions
Creators: name: Mmbaga, Joseph Philemon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Local energy dissipation rates in the liquid phase of fibre suspensions have been determined in a medium (Save = 10 - 200W/kg) and high-intensity mixer (Save= 1000 - 5000W/kg) by using mixing-sensitive chemical reactions and the Engulfment model of micromixing. The presence of fibre was found to significantly reduce the amount of energy dissipated at the smallest scales, with the reduction mainly dependent on fibre concentration (Cv) and fibre aspect ratio (L/d). Local energy dissipation in the presence of fibres (s) was related to energy dissipation without fibres (SQ) through an exponential function, s = So exp(-aCv) where a is the damping factor that was found to be 52 ± 6 for FBK and 63 + 7 for polyethylene fibres. For spherical particles, the ratio of particle diameter (dp) to the length scale of energy containing eddies (le) was found useful in delienating particle influence on turbulence. Particles with dp/le < 0.1 did not influence local energy dissipation for mass concentration up to Cm = 0.1, whereas, particles with dp/le > 0.1 reduced the local dissipation rates at all concentrations tested. The presence of gas was found to reduce the overall power consumption as well as the local energy dissipation. This was attributed to the diminished ability to transfer momentum from the rotor to suspension as a result of lower density and viscosity around the rotor tip caused by accumulation of gas. Flow visualization with the aid of high-speed video revealed three different types of flow pattern which had direct impact on the overall power consumption. The flow field was also well predicted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the k-e turbulence model. Profiles of dimensionless energy dissipation from measured product distribution were found to reflect the flow pattern.The reduction in energy dissipation rates in low and medium consistency (MC) suspensions has been accounted by a fibre-fibre friction model based on statistical geometry and fluid mechanics. Also, a unified approach based on the apparent suspension viscosity has been shown to correctly predict the change in local energy dissipation rates.
Tagung „Von den letzten Dingen. Tod und Begräbnis in der Mark Brandenburg 1500‒1800“
Creators: name: Krebs, Daniel
name: Lippok, Juliane
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2022

description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 47 (2015)
[Small-group elicitation session on weather, time, and verbs]
Creators: name: Tchatchouang, Guy
name: Dawson, Virginia
name: Maier, Erik Hans
name: Hyman, Larry M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: nnz

description: Included text file is a list of the topics covered in the elicitation session.
Casimir energy in spherical cavities
Creators: name: Mochan, W. Luis
name: Villarreal-Lujan, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Casimir energy at spherical cavities within a host made up of an arbitrary material described by a possibly dispersive and lossy dielectric response. To that end, we add to the coherent optical response a contribution that takes account of the incoherent radiation emitted by the host in order to guarantee the detailed balance required to keep the system at thermodynamic equilibrium in the presence of dissipation. The resulting boundary conditions allow a conventional quantum mechanical treatment of the radiation within the cavity from which we obtain the contribution of the cavity walls to the density of states, and from it, the thermodynamic properties of the system. The contribution of the cavity to the energy diverges as it incorporates the interaction energy between neighbor atoms in a continuum description. The change in the energy of an atom situated at the center of the cavity due to its interaction with the fluctuating cavity field is however finite. We evaluate the latter for a simple case.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of QFEXT07. To be published in J. Phys. A
Intermediate phase of the one dimensional half-filled Hubbard-Holstein model
Creators: name: Clay, R. T.
name: Hardikar, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed numerical study of the Hubbard-Holstein model in one dimension at half filling, including full finite-frequency quantum phonons. At half filling, the effects of the electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions compete, with the Holstein phonon coupling acting as an effective negative Hubbard onsite interaction U that promotes on-site electron pairs and a Peierls charge-density wave state. Most previous work on this model has assumed that only Peierls or U>0 Mott insulator phases are possible at half filling. However, there has been speculation that a third metallic phase exists between the Peierls and Mott phases. We present results confirming the intermediate metallic phase, and show that the Luttinger liquid correlation exponent K_rho>1 in this region, indicating dominant superconducting pair correlations. We explore the full phase diagram as a function of onsite Hubbard U, phonon coupling constant, and phonon frequency.
description: 4 pages, 4 EPS figures. v2: typos corrected. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Solution of the coincidence problem in dimensions $d\le 4$
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C07, 52C23, 05A15, 20F55

description: Discrete point sets $\mathcal{S}$ such as lattices or quasiperiodic Delone sets may permit, beyond their symmetries, certain isometries $R$ such that $\mathcal{S}\cap R\mathcal{S}$ is a subset of $\mathcal{S}$ of finite density. These are the so-called coincidence isometrie. They are important in understanding and classifying grain boundaries and twins in crystals and quasicrystals. It is the purpose of this contribution to introduce the corresponding coincidence problem in a mathematical setting and to demonstrate how it can be solved algebraically in dimensions 2, 3 and 4. Various examples both from crystals and quasicrystals are treated explicitly, in particular (hyper-)cubic lattices and quasicrystals with non-crystallographic point groups of type $H_2$, $H_3$ and $H_4$. We derive parametrizations of all linear coincidence isometries, determine the corresponding coincidence index (the reciprocal of the density of coinciding points, also called $\varSigma$-factor), and finally encapsulate their statistics in suitable Dirichlet series generating functions.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures; revised and updated version of a summary presented during a meeting on aperiodic order at the Fields Institute in 1995
Zum Klingen gebracht – Der etruskische lituus aus der Sammlung Richard Zschille
Creators: name: Hofmann, Angelika
name: Krebstakies, Susanne
name: Schwerdtfeger, Sabine
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2022

description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 49 (2017)
Gravitational signals due to tidal interactions between white dwarfs and black holes
Creators: name: Casalvieri, C.
name: Ferrari, V.
name: Stavridis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the gravitational signal emitted when a white dwarf moves around a black hole on a closed or open orbit using the affine model approach. We compare the orbital and the tidal contributions to the signal, assuming that the star moves in a safe region where, although very close to the black hole, the strength of the tidal interaction is insufficient to provoque the stellar disruption. We show that for all considered orbits the tidal signal presents sharp peaks corresponding to the excitation of the star non radial oscillation modes, the amplitude of which depends on how deep the star penetrates the black hole tidal radius and on the type of orbit. Further structure is added to the emitted signal by the coupling between the orbital and the tidal motion.
description: 21 pages, 8 figres. Submitted to MNRAS
Vibron-polaron in alpha-helices. I. Single-vibron states
Creators: name: Falvo, Cyril
name: Pouthier, Vincent J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vibron dynamics associated to amide-I vibrations in a 3D alpha-helix is described according to a generalized Davydov model. The helix is modeled by three spines of hydrogen-bonded peptide units linked via covalent bonds. To remove the intramolecular anharmonicity of each amide-I mode and to renormalized the vibron-phonon coupling, two unitary transformation have been applied to reach the dressed anharmonic vibron point of view. It is shown that the vibron dynamics results from the competition between inter-spine and intra-spine vibron hops and that the two kinds of hopping processes do not experience the same dressing mechanism. Therefore, at low temperature (or weak vibron-phonon coupling), the polaron behaves as an undressed vibron delocalized over all the spines whereas at biological temperature (or strong vibron-phonon coupling), the dressing effect strongly reduces the vibrational exchanges between different spines. As a result the polaron propagates along a single spine as in the 1D Davydov model. Although the helix supports both acoustical and optical phonons, this feature originates in the coupling between the vibron and the acoustical phonons, only. Finally, the lattice distortion which accompanies the polaron has been determined and it is shown that residues located on the excited spine are subjected to a stronger deformation than the other residues.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
ЮРАК НУҚСОНЛАРИ ТАШҲИСЛАНГАН БЕМОРЛАР КЛИНИК-ИММУНОЛОГИК ЖИҲАТЛАРИНИ ЎРГАНИШ
Creators: name: Ахмедов, Низом
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Болаларда юрак патологияси бўлса, гуморал ва ҳужайрали иммунитетнинг барча бўғинлари, туғма иммунитет кўрсаткичларининг номутаносиблиги мавжуд. Буларнинг барчаси интеркуррент инфекцияларга сезувчанликнинг ошиши, турли касалликларнинг сурункали шаклларини ривожланиш тенденцияси ва юрак жарроҳлиги пайтида асоратлар хавфи юқори. ЧДДА иммунитет бузилиши даражаси қон айланиш етишмовчилиги ва arterial гипоксемиянинг оғирлигига қараб ортади, кўпинча жарроҳлик тузатишдан кейин кучаяди
Determination of the b-quark mass and nonperturbative parameters in semileptonic and radiative penguin decays at BABAR
Creators: name: Tackmann, Kerstin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowing the mass of the b-quark is essential to the study of the structure and decays of B mesons as well as to future tests of the Higgs mechanism of mass generation. We present recent preliminary measurements of the b-quark mass and related nonperturbative parameters from moments of kinematic distributions in charmed and charmless semileptonic and radiative penguin B decays. Their determination from charmless semileptonic B decays is the first measurement in this mode. The data were collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- -collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center at a center-of-momentum energy of 10.58 GeV.
description: Contributed to the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy (Hadron 07), Frascati, Italy, 8-13 Oct 2007. 7pp, 4 figures. v2: Replaced Fig. 3 (b) with correct version
MIMO-SAR: A Hierarchical High-resolution Imaging Algorithm for mmWave FMCW Radar in Autonomous Driving
Creators: name: Gao, Xiangyu
name: Roy, Sumit
name: Xing, Guanbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Millimeter-wave radars are being increasingly integrated into commercial vehicles to support advanced driver-assistance system features. A key shortcoming for present-day vehicular radar imaging is poor azimuth resolution (for side-looking operation) due to the form factor limits on antenna size and placement. In this paper, we propose a solution via a new multiple-input and multiple-output synthetic aperture radar (MIMO-SAR) imaging technique, that applies coherent SAR principles to vehicular MIMO radar to improve the side-view (angular) resolution. The proposed 2-stage hierarchical MIMO-SAR processing workflow drastically reduces the computation load while preserving image resolution. To enable coherent processing over the synthetic aperture, we integrate a radar odometry algorithm that estimates the trajectory of ego-radar. The MIMO-SAR algorithm is validated by both simulations and real experiment data collected by a vehicle-mounted radar platform.
description: 13 pages
Characterization of complex networks: A survey of measurements
Creators: name: Costa, Luciano da F.
name: Rodrigues, Francisco A.
name: Travieso, Gonzalo
name: Boas, P. R. Villas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Each complex network (or class of networks) presents specific topological features which characterize its connectivity and highly influence the dynamics of processes executed on the network. The analysis, discrimination, and synthesis of complex networks therefore rely on the use of measurements capable of expressing the most relevant topological features. This article presents a survey of such measurements. It includes general considerations about complex network characterization, a brief review of the principal models, and the presentation of the main existing measurements. Important related issues covered in this work comprise the representation of the evolution of complex networks in terms of trajectories in several measurement spaces, the analysis of the correlations between some of the most traditional measurements, perturbation analysis, as well as the use of multivariate statistics for feature selection and network classification. Depending on the network and the analysis task one has in mind, a specific set of features may be chosen. It is hoped that the present survey will help the proper application and interpretation of measurements.
description: A working manuscript with 78 pages, 32 figures. Suggestions of measurements for inclusion are welcomed by the authors
Javier Portús Pérez; Velázquez. Su mundo y el nuestro. Estudios dispersos
Creators: name: Loose, Barbara
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Javier Portús Pérez; Velázquez. Su mundo y el nuestro. Estudios dispersos; Madrid: Centro de Estudios Europa Hispánica 2018; 471 S, 147 Abb; ISBN 978-84-15245-79-7
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 1 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Concise symplectic formulation for tetrad gravity
Creators: name: G., J. Fernando Barbero
name: Díaz, Bogar
name: Margalef-Bentabol, Juan
name: Villaseñor, Eduardo J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a simple symplectic formulation for tetrad gravity that leads to the real Ashtekar variables in a direct and transparent way. It also sheds light on the role of the Immirzi parameter and the time gauge.
description: 5 pages
The rise of Shi'ism in contemporary Indonesia : orientation and affiliation
Creators: name: Assegaf, Umar Faruk
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: BP192.7.I5 A87 2012
subject: Sh{u012B}{u02BB}ah Indonesia
subject: Islam and politics Indonesia
subject: Religious minorities Indonesia

description: This thesis examines the general developments of the Shi'a as a newly emerging religious minority in contemporary Indonesia, focusing on key Shi'i institutions across the country, particularly important pesantren and their relations with local and international institutions. During the1980s, the Shi'a along with other trans-national Islamic groups have taken root in the country, becoming especially active on campuses. This rise of Indonesian Shi'ism was attributable not only to global Islamic revivalism but also, more specifically, to the impact of the 1979 Iranian revolution. I argue that the Shi'i community in Indonesia is not as monolithic as is often assumed. It is divided on the details of doctrine, international orientation, relations with other sections of the Muslim community, and leadership. This study shows there to be serious fissures within the Shi'i community's elite which have spread downwards into the community, creating sharp internal rivalries.The discord is clearly discernible in the cleavage between what I call the 'campus circle' and the ustadh (Islamic scholars) group. The split was present but not publicly visible during the New Order era but became far more prominent after the student-led reformasi of 1998, which ushered in a democratic system in Indonesia. This thesis further claims that the split of Shi'i leaders in Indonesia is due to disparities in their sociological background and intellectual formation. In order to analyze the matter, I develop two analytical approaches from Hubert M. Blalock, besides applying the 'minority theory' as an over-arching framework. At the end, it reveals that,on one hand, the 'campus circle', of former campus activists and intellectuals educated in secular universities display an attitude of openness in their leadership and can adapt to local-style structural organization. On the other, the ustadh group, which was trained in Shi'i seminary schools overseas, exhibited conservative social and religious attitudes and behaviour. In contemporary Indonesia, the minority Shi'i community faces mixed public reactions from other religious groups, ranging from cooperation and tolerance to vilification and occasionally violence. For this reason, this study discusses the reactions from the government, the Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI) and major Islamic organizations like NU and Muhammadiyah.
Necessity of Hyperbolic Absolute Risk Aversion for the Concavity of Consumption Functions
Creators: name: Toda, Alexis Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Carroll and Kimball (1996) have shown that, in the class of utility functions that are strictly increasing, strictly concave, and have nonnegative third derivatives, hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) is sufficient for the concavity of consumption functions in general consumption-saving problems. This paper shows that HARA is necessary, implying the concavity of consumption is not a robust prediction outside the HARA class.
Three-dimensional coherent Bragg imaging of rotating nanoparticles
Creators: name: Björling, Alexander
name: Marçal, Lucas A. B.
name: Solla-Gullón, José
name: Wallentin, Jesper
name: Carbone, Dina
name: Maia, Filipe R. N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Bragg Coherent Diffraction Imaging (BCDI) is a powerful strain imaging tool, often limited by beam-induced sample instability for small particles and high power densities. Here, we devise and validate an adapted diffraction volume assembly algorithm, capable of recovering three-dimensional datasets from particles undergoing uncontrolled and unknown rotations. We apply the method to gold nanoparticles which rotate under the influence of a focused coherent X-ray beam, retrieving their three-dimensional shapes and strain fields. The results show that the sample instability problem can be overcome, enabling the use of fourth generation synchrotron sources for BCDI to their full potential.
Towards a Phylogenetic Analysis of Galaxy Evolution : a Case Study with the Dwarf Galaxies of the Local Group
Creators: name: Fraix-Burnet, Didier
name: Choler, Philippe
name: Douzery, Emmanuel J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The Hubble tuning fork diagram has always been the preferred scheme for classification of galaxies. It is based on morphology only. At the opposite, biologists have long taken into account the genealogical relatedness of living entities for classification purposes. Aims: Assuming branching evolution of galaxies as a 'descent with modification', we show here that the concepts and tools of phylogenetic systematics widely used in biology can be heuristically transposed to the case of galaxies. Methods: This approach that we call "astrocladistics" is applied to Dwarf Galaxies of the Local Group and provides the first evolutionary tree for real galaxies. Results: The trees that we present here are sufficiently solid to support the existence of a hierarchical organization in the diversity of dwarf galaxies of the Local Group. This also shows that these galaxies all derive from a common ancestral kind of objects. We find that some kinds of dIrrs are progenitors of both dSphs and other kinds of dIrrs.We also identify three evolutionary groups, each one having its own characteristics and own evolution. Conclusions: The present work opens a new way to analyze galaxy evolution and a path towards a new systematics of galaxies. Work on other galaxies in the Universe is in progress.
description: 13 pages 5 figures with 3 online only
Loading and spatially-resolved characterization of a cold atomic ensemble inside a hollow-core fiber
Creators: name: Peters, Thorsten
name: Yatsenko, Leonid P.
name: Halfmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a thorough experimental investigation of the loading process of laser-cooled atoms from a magneto-optical trap into an optical dipole trap located inside a hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber, followed by propagation of the atoms therein. This, e.g., serves to identify limits to the loading efficiency and thus optical depth which is a key parameter for applications in quantum information technology. Although only limited access in 1D is available to probe atoms inside such a fiber, we demonstrate that a detailed spatially-resolved characterization of the loading and trapping process along the fiber axis is possible by appropriate modification of probing techniques combined with theoretical analysis. Specifically, we demonstrate the loading of up to $2.1 \times 10^5$ atoms with a transfer efficiency of 2.1 % during the course of 50 ms and a peak loading rate of $4.7 \times 10^3$ atoms ms$^{-1}$ resulting in a peak atomic number density on the order of $10^{12}$ cm$^{-3}$. Furthermore, we determine the evolution of the spatial density (profile) and ensemble temperature as it approaches its steady-state value of $T=1400$ $μ$K, as well as loss rates, axial velocity and acceleration. The spatial resolution along the fiber axis reaches a few millimeters, which is much smaller than the typical fiber length in experiments. We compare our results to other fiber-based as well as free-space optical dipole traps and discuss the potential for further improvements.