cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Python In Astronomy 2016 Unproceedings
Creators: name: Robitaille, Thomas
name: Cruz, Kelle
name: Greenfield, Perry
name: Jeschke, Eric
name: Juric, Mario
name: Mumford, Stuart
name: Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda
name: Sosey, Megan
name: Tollerud, Erik
name: VanderPlas, Jake
name: Ford, Jes
name: Foreman-Mackey, Dan
name: Jenness, Tim
name: Aldcroft, Tom
name: Alexandersen, Mike
name: Bannister, Michele
name: Barbary, Kyle
name: Barentsen, Geert
name: Bennett, Samuel
name: Boquien, Médéric
name: Campos Rozo, Jose Ivan
name: Christe, Steven
name: Corrales, Lia
name: Craig, Matthew
name: Deil, Christoph
name: Dencheva, Nadia
name: Donath, Axel
name: Douglas, Stephanie
name: Ferreira, Leonardo
name: Ginsburg, Adam
name: Goldbaum, Nathan
name: Gordon, Karl
name: Hearin, Andrew
name: Hummels, Cameron
name: Huppenkothen, Daniela
name: Jennings, Elise
name: King, Johannes
name: Lawler, Samantha
name: Leonard, Andrew
name: Lim, Pey Lian
name: McBride, Lisa
name: Morris, Brett
name: Nunez, Carolina
name: Owen, Russell
name: Parejko, John
name: Patel, Ekta
name: Price-Whelan, Adrian
name: Ruggiero, Rafael
name: Sipocz, Brigitta
name: Stevens, Abigail
name: Turner, James
name: Tuttle, Sarah
name: Yanchulova Merica-Jones, Petia
name: Yoachim, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: This document provides proceedings for unconference sessions as well as hacks/sprints which took place at the Python in Astronomy 2016 workshop, which was held at the University of Washington eScience Institute in Seattle from March 21st to 25th 2016.
Multi-Scale Dimension of Relief in Geoarchaeology. A base for reconstructing Late Pleistocene environments in the Eastern Desert of Egypt
Creators: name: Henselowsky, Felix
name: Handke, Jonas
name: Bolten, Andreas
name: Hoffmeister, Dirk
name: Kindermann, Karin
name: Bubenzer, Olaf
Publisher: name: CRC806-Database
Year: 2016

description: Scale, spatial and temporal, is one of the most important issues to deal with, when reconstructing former environments and landscapes in context of geoarchaeology. We present remote sensing investigations of different scales in order to answer crucial questions about late Pleistocene terrain environment as one important aspect for the migration of anatomically modern humans in Northeast Africa.
Stabilized Lattice Boltzmann-Enskog method for compressible flows and its application to one and two-component fluids in nanochannels
Creators: name: Melchionna, Simone
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerically stable method to solve the discretized Boltzmann-Enskog equation describing the behavior of non ideal fluids under inhomogeneous conditions is presented. The algorithm employed uses a Lagrangian finite-difference scheme for the treatment of the convective term and a forcing term to account for the molecular repulsion together with a Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook relaxation term. In order to eliminate the spurious currents induced by the numerical discretization procedure, we use a trapezoidal rule for the time integration together with a version of the two-distribution method of He et al. (J. Comp. Phys 152, 642 (1999)). Numerical tests show that, in the case of one component fluid in the presence of a spherical potential well, the proposed method reduces the numerical error by several orders of magnitude. We conduct another test by considering the flow of a two component fluid in a channel with a bottleneck and provide information about the density and velocity field in this structured geometry.
description: to appear in Physical Review E
Astroquery: Querying Astronomical Web Forms And Databases
Creators: name: Sipocz, Brigitta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: astropy
astroquery
Python
astronomy
Software

description: Astroquery is an Astropy affiliated package for a set of tools for querying astronomical web forms and databases. In this lightning talk I give an overview of the available services and the usage of the package including a live demo of a typical use case.
description: Lightning Talk at Python in Astronomy 2016
Fate of nutrients under an irrigated, manured field, southern Alberta
Creators: name: Zilkey, Megan Marie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Additional copy: TD427 .N5 Z55 2001 (Gallagher)
subject: Nitrates - Environmental aspects
subject: Phosphorus - Environmental aspects
subject: Animal waste - Environmental aspects
subject: Groundwater - Pollution
subject: Water - Pollution - Alberta
subject: Agricultural pollution - Alberta
subject: Irrigation farming - Alberta

description: Bibliography: p. 128-148.
description: acccompanied by CD-ROM
Bernoulli actions of type III$_0$ with prescribed associated flow
Creators: name: Berendschot, Tey
name: Vaes, Stefaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that many, but not all injective factors arise as crossed products by nonsingular Bernoulli actions of the group $\mathbb{Z}$. We obtain this result by proving a completely general result on the ergodicity, type and Krieger's associated flow for Bernoulli shifts with arbitrary base spaces. We prove that the associated flow must satisfy a structural property of infinite divisibility. Conversely, we prove that all almost periodic flows, as well as many other ergodic flows, do arise as associated flow of a weakly mixing Bernoulli action of any infinite amenable group. As a byproduct, we prove that all injective factors with almost periodic flow of weights are infinite tensor products of $2 \times 2$ matrices. Finally, we construct Poisson suspension actions with prescribed associated flow for any locally compact second countable group that does not have property (T).
description: v3: minor changes, final version, to appear in Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu
The strong Stark conjecture for totally odd characters
Creators: name: Nickel, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R42

description: We prove the $p$-part of the strong Stark conjecture for every totally odd character and every odd prime $p$.
 Let $L/K$ be a finite Galois CM-extension with Galois group $G$, which has an abelian Sylow $p$-subgroup for an odd prime $p$. We give an unconditional proof of the minus $p$-part of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture for the pair $(h^0(\mathrm{Spec}(L)), \mathbb{Z}[G])$ under certain restrictions on the ramification behavior in $L/K$.
description: 15 pages
An Inverse Scattering Transform for the Lattice Potential KdV Equation
Creators: name: Butler, Samuel
name: Joshi, Nalini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lattice potential Korteweg-de Vries equation (LKdV) is a partial difference equation in two independent variables, which possesses many properties that are analogous to those of the celebrated Korteweg-de Vries equation. These include discrete soliton solutions, Backlund transformations and an associated linear problem, called a Lax pair, for which it provides the compatibility condition. In this paper, we solve the initial value problem for the LKdV equation through a discrete implementation of the inverse scattering transform method applied to the Lax pair. The initial value used for the LKdV equation is assumed to be real and decaying to zero as the absolute value of the discrete spatial variable approaches large values. An interesting feature of our approach is the solution of a discrete Gel'fand-Levitan equation. Moreover, we provide a complete characterization of reflectionless potentials and show that this leads to the Cauchy matrix form of N-soliton solutions.
Cause of Spiral Galaxy Rotation Rates: a Massive Graviton
Creators: name: Pestaña, José Luis G.
name: Eckhardt, Donald H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attribute the observed rotational velocity profiles of spiral galaxy disks to a combination of Newtonian and exponential gravitational potentials. We offer a novel, yet perfectly plausible, Lagrangian from which the exponential potential is derived. The exponential potential is defined by two universal constants (corresponding to a coupling constant and a graviton mass) that we determine from our sample of 12 THINGS disks. All velocity profile fits are excellent.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Künftige Lecksicherheitsansprüche an Frachtschiffe : vorgetragen am 8. Juli 1988 im Rahmen des Kolloquiums des Instituts für Schiffbau der Universität Hamburg
Creators: name: Abicht, Walter
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 1988
Subjects: classificationCode: 620
subject: Ingenieurwissenschaften
classificationCode: 52.00
subject: Maschinenbau, Energietechnik, Fertigungstechnik: Allgemeines

description: Künftige Lecksicherheitsansprüche an Frachtschiffe Entsprechend einem im Mai 1988 gefaßten IMO-Beschluß sind künftig alle Trockenfrachter über 100 m Länge so zu unterteilen, daß für das Uberleben eines auftretenden Seitenlecks eine bestimmte Mindestwahrscheinlichkeit besteht. Damit wird erstmalig die Lecksicherheit des häufigsten Handelsschiffstyps inter-national gesetzlich geregelt. In dem Bericht wird die neue Vorschrift in ihren Grundzügen vorgestellt, auf die anzuwendenden Formeln näher eingegangen und auf die noch vorhandenen Mängel hingewiesen. Die inzwischen vorliegenden ersten Ergebnisse der praktischen Anwendung werden präsentiert und diskutiert. Die englische Originalfassung der IMO-Regeln und die vom Germanischen Lloyd ausgearbeitete Version sind als Anhang beigefügt.
Sharp Convergence Rates for Empirical Optimal Transport with Smooth Costs
Creators: name: Manole, Tudor
name: Niles-Weed, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We revisit the question of characterizing the convergence rate of plug-in estimators of optimal transport costs. It is well known that an empirical measure comprising independent samples from an absolutely continuous distribution on $\mathbb{R}^d$ converges to that distribution at the rate $n^{-1/d}$ in Wasserstein distance, which can be used to prove that plug-in estimators of many optimal transport costs converge at this same rate. However, we show that when the cost is smooth, this analysis is loose: plug-in estimators based on empirical measures converge quadratically faster, at the rate $n^{-2/d}$. As a corollary, we show that the Wasserstein distance between two distributions is significantly easier to estimate when the measures are well-separated. We also prove lower bounds, showing not only that our analysis of the plug-in estimator is tight, but also that no other estimator can enjoy significantly faster rates of convergence uniformly over all pairs of measures. Our proofs rely on empirical process theory arguments based on tight control of $L^2$ covering numbers for locally Lipschitz and semi-concave functions. As a byproduct of our proofs, we derive $L^\infty$ estimates on the displacement induced by the optimal coupling between any two measures satisfying suitable concentration and anticoncentration conditions, for a wide range of cost functions.
description: Published in the Annals of Applied Probability at https://doi.org/10.1214/23-AAP1986
The generalization of particularized trust : an assessment of Colombia's effort to monopolize the means of violence through the prism of a social trap
Creators: name: Boesten, Jan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper examines the relation between the politics of state formation and the accompanying appearance of social traps based on the example of Colombia. It shows that egregious exceptions to the rule of law - exemplified by the parapolitica and "false positives" scandals - are themselves a result of "social traps", which are generated by the generalization of particularized trust. The generalization of particularized trust entails the incorporation of a closed trust network in the effort of monopolizing the means of violence against internal insurgency.
The geometry of the close environment of SV Psc as probed by VLTI/MIDI
Creators: name: Klotz, D.
name: Sacuto, S.
name: Kerschbaum, F.
name: Paladini, C.
name: Olofsson, H.
name: Hron, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. SV Psc is an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star surrounded by an oxygen-rich dust envelope. The mm-CO line profile of the object's outflow shows a clear double-component structure. Because of the high angular resolution, mid-IR interferometry may give strong constraints on the origin of this composite profile. Aims. The aim of this work is to investigate the morphology of the environment around SV Psc using high-angular resolution interferometry observations in the mid-IR with the Very Large Telescope MID-infrared Interferometric instrument (VLTI/MIDI). Methods. Interferometric data in the N-band taken at different baseline lengths (ranging from 32-64 m) and position angles (73- 142°) allow a study of the morphology of the circumstellar environment close to the star. The data are interpreted on the basis of 2-dimensional, chromatic geometrical models using the fitting software tool GEM-FIND developed for this purpose. Results. The results favor two scenarios: (i) the presence of a highly inclined, optically thin, dusty disk surrounding the central star; (ii) the presence of an unresolved binary companion at a separation of 13.7 AU and a position angle of 121.8° NE. The derived orbital period of the binary is 38.1 yr. This detection is in good agreement with hydrodynamic simulations showing that a close companion could be responsible for the entrainment of the gas and dust into a circumbinary structure.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
title: Untersuchungen des mit Phasenwechsel verbundenen instationären Transports von Wasser in Isolierungen
title: Investigations of transient moisture transport coupled with phase change in insulations
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Joos, Andreas
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Feuchte Luft
subject: Feuchtetransport
subject: Isolierung
subject: Flugzeugkabine
subject: Phasenwechsel
subject: Simulation
subject: Neutronenradiographie
subject: Moist air
subject: moisture transport
subject: insulation
subject: aircraft cabin
subject: phase change
subject: simulation
subject: neutron radiography
classificationCode: 600
subject: Technik
subject: Phase-Change-Technologie
subject: Isolierung

description: In vielen Anwendungsbereichen existiert die Notwendigkeit das Eindringen von Wasserdampf in poröse Stoffe und den Phasenwechsel zu Wasser oder Eis sowie die Rücktrocknung vorauszusagen. Um verlässliche Vorhersagen zur Dynamik dieser Transportprozesse treffen zu können, sind validierte mathematische Modelle notwendig. Diese setzen zum einen ein gutes Verständnis und eine problemorientierte Bewertung der auftretenden physikalischen Vorgänge, zum anderen belastbare Messdaten voraus. In dieser Arbeit wird diese Problematik am Beispiel der Flugzeugisolierung diskutiert.
description: In many ranges of application the necessity exists to predict the penetration of water vapour into porous materials and the phase change to water or ice as well as the re-drying process. In order to be able to make reliable predictions to the dynamic behavior of these transport processes, validated mathematical models are necessary. These presuppose on the one hand a good understanding and a problem oriented evaluation of the arising physical processes, on the other hand reliable measuring data. In this work this problem is discussed by the example of the airplane insulation.
Modeling of a vertical tunneling graphene heterojunction field-effect transistor
Creators: name: Kumar, S. Bala
name: Seol, Gyungseon
name: Guo, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vertical tunneling field-effect-transistor (FET) based on graphene heterojunctions with layers of hBN is simulated by self-consistent quantum transport simulations. It is found that the asymmetric p-type and n-type conduction is due to work function deference between the graphene contact and the tunneling channel material. Modulation of the bottom-graphene-contact plays an important role in determining the switching characteristic of the device. Due to the electrostatic short-channel-effects stemming from the vertical-FET structure, the output I-V characteristics do not saturate. The scaling behaviors the vertical-FET as a function of the gate insulator thickness and the thickness of the tunneling channel material are examined.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4737394
Dynamic manipulation of mechanical resonators in the high amplitude regime through optical backaction
Creators: name: Bagheri, Mahmood
name: Poot, Menno
name: Li, Mo
name: Pernice, Wolfram P. H.
name: Tang, Hong X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity optomechanics enables active manipulation of mechanical resonators through backaction cooling and amplification. This ability to control mechanical motion with retarded optical forces has recently spurred a race towards realizing a mechanical resonator in its quantum ground state. Here, instead of quenching optomechanical motion, we demonstrate high amplitude operation of nanomechanical resonators by utilizing a highly efficient phonon generation process. In this regime, the nanomechanical resonators gain sufficient energy from the optical field to overcome the large energy barrier of a double well potential, leading to nanomechanical slow-down and zero frequency singularity, as predicted by early theories . Besides fundamental studies and interests in parametric amplification of small forces, optomechanical backaction is also projected to open new windows for studying discrete mechanical states, and to foster applications. Here we realize a non-volatile mechanical memory element, in which bits are written and reset via optomechanical backaction by controlling the mechanical damping across the barrier. Our study casts a new perspective on the energy dynamics in coupled mechanical resonator - cavity systems and enables novel functional devices that utilize the principles of cavity optomechanics.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
What are the drivers of female success in food-deceptive orchids?
Creators: name: Wróblewska Ada
name: Ostrowiecka, Beata
name: Jarosław Kotowicz
name: Jermakowicz, Edyta
name: Tałałaj, Izabela
name: Szefer, Piotr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: co-flowering rewarding plants, Dactylorhiza, food-deception, fruit set, magnet species, orchids, pollinaria removal, remote hypothesis

description: A large suite of floral signals and environmental and biotic characteristics influence the behavior of pollinators, affecting the reproductive output of deceptive orchids. In this study, we examined the factors shaping the fruit set of three orchid taxa: Dactylorhiza majalis, D. incarnata var. incarnata, and D. fuchsii. We applied a statistical model to correlate female success (number of fruit sets) with species morphological characteristics (plant and inflorescence height, number of flowers, and spur length), number of pollinaria removed, flowering time, and density of floral units of flowering co-rewarding plants. Our results indicate that the wide range of variations in Dactylorhiza morphological traits, floral display, and flowering phenology in an environmental context affects Dactylorhiza’s reproductive success. The number of fruits increased with an increase in the number of pollinaria removed for all Dactylorhiza taxa studied. In contrast, a higher number of flowers per inflorescence and higher inflorescences in relation to individual height always decreased female success. Surprisingly, we observed that not all co-flowering rewarding plants could affect the number of Dactylorhiza fruits set positively and negatively as magnets and competitor plants, respectively. Additionally, the flowering phenology of the co-flowering plants relative to the flowering times of D. majalis and D. incarnata var. incarnata was important for female success. This shows that the food deception strategy is multidirectional, and the reproductive output may vary considerably in space and time.
Single crystal growth and physical properties of SrFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuya
name: Miyasaka, Shigeki
name: Tajima, Setsuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a crystal growth and physical properties of SrFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$. The single crystals for various $x$s were grown by a self flux method. For $x = 0.35$, $T_c$ reaches the maximum value of 30\,K and the electrical resistivity $ρ$($T$) shows $T$-linear dependence. As $x$ increases, $T_{c}$ decreases and $ρ$($T$) changes to $T^2$-behavior, indicating a standard Fermi liquid. These results suggest that a magnetic quantum critical point exists around $x=0.35$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Supplemental issue of the Journal of Physical Society of Japan (JPSJ)
title: Wie verändert sich der Autofahrer im Alter?
Creators: name: Abendroth, Bettina
name: Landau, Kurt
Publisher: name: GfA-Press
Year: 2023

description: Die meisten Unfälle werden bezogen auf das Fahreralter von jüngeren (< 25 Jahre) und älteren Autofahrern (> 60 Jahre) verursacht, wie die Unfallstatistik zeigt. Während dies bei den jüngeren Fahrern eher auf motivationale Aspekte und ein Überschätzen der eigenen Fähigkeiten zurückzuführen ist, liegt bei den älteren Fahrern die Ursache unter anderen in den durch körperliche und geistige Veränderungen verursachten Leistungswandlungen. Da in Zukunft die Anzahl der älteren Autofahrer zunehmen wird, stellt sich die Frage, in welchen Teilbereichen die Älteren unterstützt werden müssen, um ihre Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr zu erhöhen und somit die Unfallzahlen zu reduzieren.
General Signature Kernels
Creators: name: Cass, Thomas
name: Lyons, Terry
name: Xu, Xingcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60L10, 60L90, 68Q27

description: Suppose that $γ$ and $σ$ are two continuous bounded variation paths which take values in a finite-dimensional inner product space $V$. Recent papers have introduced the truncated and the untruncated signature kernel of $γ$ and $σ$, and showed how these concepts can be used in classification and prediction tasks involving multivariate time series. In this paper, we introduce general signature kernels and show how they can be interpreted, in many examples, as an average of PDE solutions, and hence how they can be computed using suitable quadrature rules. We extend this analysis to derive closed-form formulae for expressions involving the expected (Stratonovich) signature of Brownian motion. In doing so, we articulate a novel connection between signature kernels and the hyperbolic development map, the latter of which has been a broadly useful tool in the analysis of the signature. As an application we evaluate the use of different general signature kernels as the basis for non-parametric goodness-of-fit tests to Wiener measure on path space.
Computer modelling and virtual reality for historic reconstruction and presentation
Creators: name: Jain, Anurag
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: CC80.4 .J35 2001
subject: Archaeology - Data processing
subject: Web sites - Design
subject: Virtual reality in archaeology
subject: Trading posts - Alberta

description: Bibliography: p. 68-73.
description: CD-Rom included
Adaptive significance of pelvic girdle loss in threespine stickleback
Creators: name: Barrueto, Mirjam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Pelvic girdle loss has evolved repeatedly in freshwater stickleback. In many cases it is caused by a mutation in a regulatory sequence that controls expression of the major pelvic girdle locus (Pitx1) in the prospective pelvic region. Pelvic girdle loss can spread rapidly through populations, but its adaptive significance is not well understood. I experimentally tested potential ecological mechanisms for pelvic girdle loss in juvenile threespine stickleback. I carried out two insect predation experiments to measure selection on pelvic spine length and body size, and to measure the effect of the pelvic girdle on survival. In the first experiment, the pelvic spines of all fish were clipped to varying degrees to artificially create variation in spine length. For the second experiment, I created hybrid backcross families, where 50% of the offspring expressed pelvic girdle loss. In both experiments, the fish were exposed to predation by a common aquatic insect predator. Selection tended to favour shorter spines, increased body size and loss of the pelvic girdle. A third experiment measured growth rates in juvenile fish with and without a pelvic girdle, to test for a potential growth rate advantage of the "without" phenotype. On average, "withouts" exhibited a nonsignificant trend for higher growth rates compared to "withs". As the power of the predation experiments was low, I performed meta-analyses to combine my data with previously published experiments. Across these experiments, insect predators selected for shorter pelvic spine length as well as increased body size. There was no mean positive or negative effect of the pelvic girdle on survival in the face of insect predation, but the confidence interval for this result was wide, and further studies are required. My findings suggest that predation may drive pelvic girdle loss in juvenile stickleback by means of selection against correlated traits, such as long pelvic spines, rather than selection against the pelvic girdle itself. I did not detect any significant association between pelvic girdle loss and increased growth rates. It thus remains undetermined if selection for increased body size acts as an additional selection factor for pelvic girdle loss.
Terahertz wave generation from hyper-Raman lines in two-level quantum systems driven by two-color lasers
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Guo, Shi-Fang
name: Duan, Su-Qing
name: Zhao, Xian-Geng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on spatial-temporal symmetry breaking mechanism, we propose a novel scheme for terahertz (THz) wave generation from hyper-Raman lines associated with the 0th harmonic (a particular even harmonic) in a two-level quantum system driven by two-color laser fields. With the help of analysis of quasi-energy, the frequency of THz wave can be tuned by changing the field amplitude of the driving laser. By optimizing the parameters of the laser fields, we are able to obtain arbitrary frequency radiation in the THz regime with appreciable strength (as strong as the typical harmonics). Our proposal can be realized in experiment in view of the recent experimental progress of even-harmonics generation by two-color laser fields.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
GC3 Biology in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Creators: name: Elhaik, Eran
name: Tatarinova, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We describe the distribution of Guanine and Cytosine (GC) content in the third codon position (GC3) distributions in different species, analyze evolutionary trends and discuss differences between genes and organisms with distinct GC3 levels. We scrutinize previously published theoretical frameworks and construct a unified view of GC3 biology in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
description: A chapter of DNA Methylation (http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/32799/InTech-Gc3_biology_in_eukaryotes_and_prokaryotes.pdf)
title: Measuring climate change adaptation policy output: Toward a two‐dimensional approach
Creators: name: Schulze, Kai
name: Schönefeld, Jonas J.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023

description: As jurisdictions across the globe step up their efforts to adapt to climate change, it is important to assess progress by taking stock of and comparing adaptation policy. However, scholars and practitioners are struggling to conceptualize and measure adaptation policy. In this article, we propose a new two-dimensional framework to measure public adaptation policy output, namely, the Climate Adaptation Policy Index (CAPI). The index combines multiple indicators from two core interdependent dimensions, namely, an institutionalization dimension focusing on strategic plans and administrative capacities for adaptation; and a measures dimension capturing concrete adaptation measures in relevant action areas such as in green and open spaces, transport infrastructure, buildings, public education, and disaster management. Our approach is extensive but feasible and may be adjusted for use in different contexts and policy areas. We probe our approach at the local level using original survey data from a diverse sample of 211 municipalities located in the state of Hessen in central Germany. A factor analysis suggests that the two dimensions constitute a meaningful measurement of municipal adaptation policy output. A cluster analysis identifies five groups of municipalities representing different stages of adaptation policy progress in Hessen. Finally, a regression analysis examines potential determinants of local adaptation policy making such as the size and wealth of municipalities. The results highlight the potential of the CAPI for analyzing both the state and the making of municipal adaptation policy.
The influence of timber harvest activities on visual hiding cover for grizzly bears: Kananaskis county, Alberta
Creators: name: Oldershaw, Karen
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: QL737 .C27 O43 2001
subject: Grizzly bear - Alberta - Kananaskis Country
subject: Grizzly bear - Effect of logging on - Alberta - Kananaskis Country
subject: Logging - Environmental aspects - Alberta - Kananaskis Country
subject: Wildlife management - Alberta - Kananaskis Country

description: Bibliography: p. 105-116.
Semiclassical analysis and the Agmon-Finsler metric for discrete Schrödinger operators
Creators: name: Kameoka, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q20, 81Q35, 81U26

description: The Agmon estimate for multi-dimensional discrete Schrödinger operators is studied with emphasis on the microlocal analysis on the torus. We first consider the semiclassical setting where semiclassical continuous Schrödinger operators are discretized with the mesh width proportional to the semiclassical parameter. Under this setting, the Agmon estimate for eigenfunctions is described by an Agmon metric, which is a Finsler metric rather than a Riemannian metric. Klein-Rosenberger (2008) proved this by a different argument in the case of a potential minimum. We also prove the Agmon estimate and the optimal anisotropic exponential decay of eigenfunctions for discrete Schrödinger operators in the non-semiclassical standard setting.
description: 16 pages
List of OHEJP Publications 2018
Creators: name: OHEJP
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OHEJP
One Health European Joint Programme
List of publications
Publications

description: List of OHEJP publications 2018. The One Health EJP is a landmark partnership between partners across Europe, aligning and integrating medical, veterinary and environmental scientific communities to address potential and existing risks that originate at the animal-human-environmental interface. All our project outcomes from the 5 year programme are available to view in yearly publication lists and via our website.
Kinetic theory of Coulomb drag in two monolayers of graphene: from the Dirac point to the Fermi liquid regime
Creators: name: Lux, Jonathan
name: Fritz, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate Coulomb drag in a system of two parallel monolayers of graphene. Using a Boltzmann equation approach we study a variety of limits ranging from the non-degenerate interaction dominated limit close to charge neutrality all the way to the Fermi liquid regime. In the non-degenerate limit we find that the presence of the passive layer can largely influence the conductivity of the active layer despite the absence of drag. This induces a non-trivial temperature behavior of the single layer conductivity and furthermore suggests a promising strategy towards increasing the role of inelastic scattering in future experiments. For small but finite chemical potential we find that the drag resistivity varies substantially as a function of the ratio of inelastic and elastic scattering. We find that an extrapolation from finite chemical potential to zero chemical potential and to the clean system is delicate and the order of limits matters. In the Fermi liquid regime we analyze drag as a function of temperature $T$ and the distance $d$ between the layers and compare our results to existing theoretical and experimental results. In addition to the conventional $1/d^4$-dependence with an associated $T^2$-behavior we find there is another regime of $1/d^5$-dependence where drag varies in linear-in-$T$ fashion. The relevant parameter separating these two regimes is given by $\bar{d}=T d/v_F$ ($v_F$ is the Fermi velocity), where $\bar{d} \ll1$ corresponds to $T^2$-behavior, while $\bar{d}\gg1$ corresponds to $T$-behavior.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Computability theory : with a short introduction to complexity theory ; monograph
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: computability
subject: recursion theory
subject: Turing machine
subject: undecidability
subject: word problems
subject: complexity classes
classificationCode: 510
subject: Mathematik

description: Das Dokument ist das Vorlesungsmanuskript meiner Vorlesung ''Berechenbarkeit und Komplexität''.
description: The document contains the lecture notes of my class ''Computability and Complexity''.
Terrestrial, Habitable-Zone Exoplanet Frequency from Kepler
Creators: name: Traub, Wesley A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from Kepler's first 136 days of operation are analyzed to determine the distribution of exoplanets with respect to radius, period, and host-star spectral type. The analysis is extrapolated to estimate the percentage of terrestrial, habitable-zone exoplanets. The Kepler census is assumed to be complete for bright stars (magnitude <14.0) having transiting planets >0.5 Earth radius and periods <42 days. It is also assumed that the size distribution of planets is independent of orbital period, and that there are no hidden biases in the data. Six significant statistical results are found: there is a paucity of small planet detections around faint target stars, probably an instrumental effect; the frequency of mid-size planet detections is independent of whether the host star is bright or faint; there are significantly fewer planets detected with periods <3 days, compared to longer periods, almost certainly an astrophysical effect; the frequency of all planets in the population with periods <42 days is 29%, broken down as terrestrials 9%, ice giants 18%, and gas giants 3%; the population has a planet frequency with respect to period which follows a power-law relation dN/dP ~ P^{β- 1}, with β= 0.71 +/- 0.08; and an extrapolation to longer periods gives the frequency of terrestrial planets in the habitable zones of FGK stars as η_\oplus = (34 +/- 14)%. Thus about one-third of FGK stars are predicted to have at least one terrestrial, habitable-zone planet.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
List of OHEJP Publications 2019
Creators: name: OHEJP
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OHEJP
One Health European Joint Programme
List of publications
Publications

description: The One Health EJP is a landmark partnership between partners across Europe, aligning and integrating medical, veterinary and environmental scientific communities to address potential and existing risks that originate at the animal-human-environmental interface.
 All our project outcomes from the 5 year programme are available to view in yearly publication lists and via our website.
Is less simply less : a comparison of abundance and biomass losses in auchenorrhynchan grassland communities and their different impacts on trait composition and taxonomical diversity
Creators: name: Schuch, Sebastian
name: Klink, Roel
name: Wesche, Karsten
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 590

description: Declines in insect biomass and individual numbers have been demonstrated in many parts of the world, including central European dry grasslands. It is, howver, unclear if biomass data or individual numbers are superior as measures of change in species composition, and in trait composition of insect communities. We revisited a former study of ours demonstrating severe losses in abundance of planthoppers and leafhoppers in Central European grasslands since the 1960s. We performed a series of univariate, multivariate and trait-based tests to investigate the relationship between biodiversity change and environment, and compared the results for number-weighted and biomass-weighted community data. While both individual numbers and biomass declined strongly over time, no changes in species diversity (Jost's D) were observed irrespective of the measure used for weighting. Surprisingly, metrics for trait diversity tended to increase over time in both the number-weighted and biomass-weighted data. For both measures, community composition changed strongly over time for species and trait data, and was also associated with landscape structure and mean annual precipitation. Of the tested traits, we only found associations between an early phenology and time, and a temporal increase of species over-wintering in a nymphal stage, but again there was no major difference between the measure used for weighting. Our study shows that declining assemblage size (regardless of the measure used) does not necessarily translate in concomitant changes in functional diversity or trait diversity. From a methodological perspective, no clear evidence emerged for either biomass or individual number as measure of assemblage size being more sensitive to environmental change. This implies that conversion of widely used data of individual numbers to biomass values is unlikely to bring much additional insights. With respect to the general scarcity of quantitative data on insect communities, the focus should be on using whatever data is available.
Efficiency of cutaneous heat diffusion after local hyperthermia for the treatment of itch
Creators: name: Wohlrab, Johannes
name: Mentel, Tim
name: Eichner, Adina
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background: Today, itching is understood as an independent sensory perception, which is based on a complex etiology of a disturbed neuronal activity and leads to clinical symptoms. The primary afferents (pruriceptors) have functional overlaps with afferents of thermoregulation (thermoceptors). Thus, an antipruritic effect can be caused by antagonizing heat-sensitive receptors of the skin. The ion channel TRP-subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) is of particular importance in this context. Repeated heat application can induce irreversible inactivation by unfolding of the protein, causing a persistent functional deficit and thus clinically and therapeutically reducing itch sensation. Material and methods: To demonstrate relevant heat diffusion after local application of heat (45°C to 52°C for 3 and 5 seconds) by a technical medical device, the temperature profile for the relevant skin layer was recorded synchronously on ex vivo human skin using an infrared microscope. Results: The results showed that the necessary activation temperature for TRPV1 of (≥43°C) in the upper relevant skin layers was safely reached after 3 and 5 seconds of application time. There were no indications of undesirable thermal effects. Conclusion: The test results show that the objectified performance of the investigated medical device can be expected to provide the necessary temperature input for the activation of heat-sensitive receptors in the skin. Clinical studies are necessary to prove therapeutic efficacy in the indication pruritus.
Effects of artificial weathering in NR/SBR elastomer blends
Creators: name: Karekar, Akshay
name: Schicktanz, Carsten
name: Tariq, Muhammad
name: Oßwald, Katja
name: Reincke, Katrin
name: Cepuš, Valentin
name: Langer, Beate
name: Saalwächter, Kay
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Degradation of polymer blends occurs by the constituent phases undergoing distinct chemical changes that depend on their unique chemical structures. This makes predicting and establishing a structure-property relationship for each phase necessary as well as challenging. In this work, the molecular and physical changes occurring in sulfur-cross-linked natural rubber (NR), styrene−butadiene rubber (SBR), and their 50/50 blend subjected to accelerated weathering are analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic-force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). NMR transverse relaxation time (T2) studies suggest the formation of rigid components due to weathering. FTIR and AFM reveal that this is related to the formation of a stiff surface due to chemical modifications, which shows up as an additional thermal transition in the DMTA curves. Low-field double-quantum (DQ) NMR studies of the cross-link density, by the residual dipolar coupling constant (Dres), of SBR show a continuous increase in its cross-link density over the weathering duration (988 h). In contrast, NR exhibits dominant chain scission reactions resulting in defects, with both materials demonstrating the formation of different chain lengths. During the first 168 h, NR also undergoes modification of sulfur bond lengths, which is also observed in the blend. The blend largely follows an intermediate trend of cross-link densities compared to the two polymers but shows signs of lesser chain modifications than a weighted average of the two polymers. This is confirmed by phase-resolved DQ magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments whereby the peak-specific Dres of the blend was measured to be less modified than that of the individual vulcanizates, thus proving that the blend is more resistant to weathering than its constituent elastomers.
Freezing singularities in water drops
Creators: name: Enriquez, Oscar R.
name: Marin, Alvaro G.
name: Winkels, Koen G.
name: Snoeijer, Jacco H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this fluid dynamics video we show how a drop of water freezes into a singular shape when deposited on a cold surface. The process of solidification can be observed very clearly due to the change in refraction when water turns into ice. The drop remains approximately spherical during most of the process, with a freezing front moving upwards and smoothly following the interface. However, at the final stage of freezing, when the last cap of liquid turns into ice, a singular tip develops spontaneously. Interestingly, the sharp tip of the ice drop acts as a preferential site for deposition of water vapour, and a beautiful "tree" of ice crystals develops right at the tip. The tip singularity attracts the vapour in analogy to a sharp lightning rod attracting lightning.
description: Gallery of Fluid Motion 2012
Nanosized belite phases obtained by flame spray pyrolysis : assessment of process conditions on the mineralogy and reactivity
Creators: name: Betancur-Granados, Natalia
name: Pöllmann, Herbert
name: Restrepo-Baena, Oscar Jaime
name: Tobón, Jorge I.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 550

description: The synthesis of highly reactive dicalcium silicate phases by the alternative method flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) was investigated. Five main conditions of the synthesis process were varied and analyzed by applying a two-level fractional factorial design 25–2 resolution III, with a replica of a chemical system defined by a mixture of Ca(O2CCH2CH3)2/Si(C2H5O))4 dissolved in ethanol/water/triethanolamine to evaluate the formation of polymorphs and their reactivity. For this, a physical and mineralogical characterization was carried out that included X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DSC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The investigation reveals that the process parameters have a remarkable importance on the final properties of the samples, favoring the formation of belite phases with high reproducibility. The hydraulic samples present a complete hydration reaction after 24 h of contact with water, giving a clear image of the potential of this technique for the development of highly reactive materials that can be part of sustainable construction in the future.