cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Quantifying Dependence: A Framework for Developing Interpretable Measures
Creators: name: Reimherr, Matthew
name: Nicolae, Dan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a framework for selecting and developing measures of dependence when the goal is the quantification of a relationship between two variables, not simply the establishment of its existence. Much of the literature on dependence measures is focused, at least implicitly, on detection or revolves around the inclusion/exclusion of particular axioms and discussing which measures satisfy said axioms. In contrast, we start with only a few nonrestrictive guidelines focused on existence, range and interpretability, which provide a very open and flexible framework. For quantification, the most crucial is the notion of interpretability, whose foundation can be found in the work of Goodman and Kruskal [Measures of Association for Cross Classifications (1979) Springer], and whose importance can be seen in the popularity of tools such as the $R^2$ in linear regression. While Goodman and Kruskal focused on probabilistic interpretations for their measures, we demonstrate how more general measures of information can be used to achieve the same goal. To that end, we present a strategy for building dependence measures that is designed to allow practitioners to tailor measures to their needs. We demonstrate how many well-known measures fit in with our framework and conclude the paper by presenting two real data examples. Our first example explores U.S. income and education where we demonstrate how this methodology can help guide the selection and development of a dependence measure. Our second example examines measures of dependence for functional data, and illustrates them using data on geomagnetic storms.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-STS405 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Music Generation
Creators: name: Ishii, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: artificial intelligence
machine learning
neural networks
long short term memory

description: In music there are a set of rules a melody must follow in order to sound pleasant to the listener. In machine learning artificial neural networks are the king at learning pattern. The purpose is to explore what type of artificial neural networks and data representations best fits for generating melodies. Two different datasets were used to analyze the architectures. The Nottingham dataset which is comprised of 1034 different folk tunes The other dataset is one self-curated from Gulf Coast Music consisting of 206 Country songs. The neural network architectures used are Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGAN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Long Short Term Memory Generative Adversarial Networks (LSTM GAN). The different data representations used are one hot encode pitch and the different available note durations together, binary encoding pitch with note durations, and binary encoding instruments with pitches and note durations. The primary outcome is to determine if architectures with different data representations and datasets could generate melodies that sound pleasant. Different network sizes, including changing how many different layers and units in each layer were tested. A variety of activation and loss functions, optimizers, epochs and many other hyper parameters were tested to ensure that the models generated harmonious melodies. Upon completing analysis of all the architectures, there was a high rate of successful LSTM models using a variety of different data representations and datasets. The most common reasons for success were the strength of LSTMs to learn time series patterns in data. The data must also be represented in a way that acknowledges all the categories to train on without losing too much information. The dataset must also be consistent throughout to reduce removing correlations between instruments.
Particular solutions to multidimensional PDEs with KdV-type nonlinearity
Creators: name: Zenchuk, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of particular solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) $u_t +\partial_{x_2}^n u_{x_1} - u_{x_1} u =0$ (here $n$ is any integer) reducing it to the ordinary differential equation (ODE). In a simplest case, $n=1$, the ODE is solvable in terms of elementary functions. Next choice, $n=2$, yields the cnoidal waves for the special case of Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation. The proposed method is based on the deformation of the characteristic of the equation $u_t-uu_{x_1}=0$ and might also be useful in study the higher dimensional PDEs with arbitrary linear part and KdV-type nonlinearity (i.e. the nonlinear term is $u_{x_1} u$).
description: 13 pages
Charge instabilities and topological phases in the extended Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice with enlarged unit cell
Creators: name: Grushin, Adolfo G.
name: Castro, Eduardo V.
name: Cortijo, Alberto
name: de Juan, Fernando
name: Vozmediano, Maria A. H.
name: Valenzuela, Belen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spontaneous symmetry breaking in a system of spinless fermions in the Honeycomb lattice paying special emphasis to the role of an enlarged unit cell on time reversal symmetry broken phases. We use a tight binding model with nearest neighbor hopping t and Hubbard interaction V1 and V2 and extract the phase diagram as a function of electron density and interaction within a mean field variational approach. The analysis completes the previous work done in Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 106402 (2011) where phases with non--trivial topological properties were found with only a nearest neighbor interaction V1 in the absence of charge decouplings. We see that the topological phases are suppressed by the presence of metallic charge density fluctuations. The addition of next to nearest neighbor interaction V2 restores the topological non-trivial phases.
"workspace.json" of "Evidence for $t\bar{t}t\bar{t}$ production in the multilepton final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2021

description: Archive of full likelihood in the HistFactory JSON format described in ATL-PHYS-PUB-2019-029 stored in 'workspace.json' file
description: A search is presented for four-top-quark production using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb\(^{-1}\) of proton--proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are selected if they contain a same-sign lepton pair or at least three leptons (electrons or muons). Jet multiplicity, jet flavour and event kinematics are used to separate signal from the background through a multivariate discriminant, and dedicated control regions are used to constrain the dominant backgrounds. The four-top-quark production cross section is measured to be $24^{+7}_{-6}$ fb. This corresponds to an observed (expected) significance with respect to the background-only hypothesis of 4.3 (2.4) standard deviations and provides evidence for this process.
Hidden Sector Photon Coupling of Resonant Cavities
Creators: name: Parker, Stephen R.
name: Rybka, Gray
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many beyond the standard model theories introduce light paraphotons, a hypothetical spin-1 field that kinetically mixes with photons. Microwave cavity experiments have traditionally searched for paraphotons via transmission of power from an actively driven cavity to a passive receiver cavity, with the two cavities separated by a barrier that is impenetrable to photons. We extend this measurement technique to account for two-way coupling between the cavities and show that the presence of a paraphoton field can alter the resonant frequencies of the coupled cavity pair. We propose an experiment that exploits this effect and uses measurements of a cavities resonant frequency to constrain the paraphoton-photon mixing parameter, chi. We show that such an experiment can improve sensitivity to chi over existing experiments for paraphoton masses less than the resonant frequency of the cavity, and eliminate some of the most common systematics for resonant cavity experiments.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: EU maximum levels for cadmium in food for infants and young children sufficient - Exposure to lead should fundamentally be reduced to the achievable minimum: BfR Opinion No 026/2018 of 7 August 2018
Creators: name: Bundesinstitut Für Risikobewertung
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 000

description: BfR-Stellungnahmen, vol. 2018, no. 026
title: Mohn in Lebensmitteln: Gehalt des Opiumalkaloids Thebain sollte so weit wie möglich gesenkt werden: Stellungnahme Nr. 039/2018 des BfR vom 7. Dezember 2018
Creators: name: Bundesinstitut Für Risikobewertung
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 000

description: BfR-Stellungnahmen, vol. 2018, no. 039
Benoît Mandelbrot and Fractional Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Taqqu, Murad S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although fractional Brownian motion was not invented by Benoit Mandelbrot, it was he who recognized the importance of this random process and gave it the name by which it is known today. This is a personal account of the history behind fractional Brownian motion and some subsequent developments.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-STS389 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Using CMB polarization to constrain the anomalous nature of the Cold Spot with an incomplete sky-coverage
Creators: name: Fernández-Cobos, R.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Martínez-González, E.
name: Tucci, M.
name: Cruz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results of the ESA Planck satellite have confirmed the existence of some anomalies in the statistical distribution of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. One of the most intriguing anomalies is the Cold Spot, firstly detected in the WMAP data by Vielva et al. (2004). In a later paper, Vielva et al. (2011) developed a method to probe the anomalous nature of the Cold Spot by using the cross-correlation of temperature and polarization of the CMB fluctuations. Whereas this work was built under the assumption of analysing full-sky data, in the present paper we extend such approach to deal with realistic data sets with a partial sky-coverage. In particular, we exploit the radial and tangential polarization patterns around temperature spots. We explore the capacity of the method to distinguish between a standard Gaussian CMB scenario and an alternative one, in which the Cold Spot arises from a physical process that does not present correlated polarization features (e.g., topological defects), as a function of the instrumental-noise level. Moreover, we consider more in detail the case of an ideal noise-free experiment and those ones with the expected instrumental-noise levels in QUIJOTE and Planck experiments. We also present an application to the 9-year WMAP data, without being able to obtain firm conclusions, with a significance level of 32%. In the ideal case, the alternative scenario could be rejected at a significance level of around 1%, whereas for expected noise levels of QUIJOTE and Planck experiments the corresponding significance levels are 1.5% and 7.4%, respectively.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Attosecond Magnetic Field Pulse Generation by Intense Few Cycle Circularly Polarized UV Pulses
Creators: name: Yuan, Kai-Jun
name: Bandrauk, Andre D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intense attosecond magnetic field pulses are predicted to be produced by intense few cycle circularly polarized UV pulses. Numerical solutions of the time dependent Schrödinger equation for H$_2^+$ are used to study the dynamical process. Spiralling attosecond circular electron wave packets are created with nanometer molecular dimensions, thus generating magnetic fields of several tens of Teslas ($10^5$ Gauss). Simulations show that the induced magnetic field is critically dependent on the pulse wavelength $λ$ and pulse duration $nτ$ ($n$ number of cycle) as predicted by a classical model. For ultrashort few cycle circularly polarized attosecond pulses, molecular orientation influences the generation of the induced magnetic fields as a result of preferential ionization perpendicular to the molecular axis.
Determinación e identificación de la actitud que conlleva el no acatamiento de la luz roja no intermitente de los controles semafóricos por parte de los motociclistas en entornos urbanos en la ciudad de Cartagena
Creators: name: Orozco Garcia, Juan Camilo
name: Vallejo Borda, José Agustín
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accidentes de tránsito
subject: Infracciones de tránsito
subject: Seguridad vial

description: Cartagena de Indias es una ciudad con un alto índice de uso de las motocicletas como modo de transporte entre sus habitantes, bien sea como modo propio de transporte, o haciendo uso de estas por medio del mototaxismo, un sistema de transporte informal. Debido al alto volumen de motocicletas que circulan diariamente por las vías de la ciudad, se puede observar de forma constante el incumplimiento a la luz roja de los semáforos por parte de los motociclistas. La falta de educación vial y el alto número de motociclistas sin licencia de conducir son algunas de las causas por las cuales los motociclistas han normalizado esta acción, la cual deriva en incidentes de tránsito mortales y no mortales, poniendo en riesgo la seguridad de los actores demás habitantes. Mediante este estudio, se espera identificar, analizar y entender la actitud que podría influenciar a los motociclistas de la ciudad de Cartagena a omitir la luz roja de los semáforos. Se estudiaron los elementos actitudinales que podrían influenciar a los motociclistas a irrespetar la luz roja de los semáforos. Para obtener la información necesaria, se realizó una encuesta virtual dirigida a los motociclistas de la ciudad de Cartagena. Para el desarrollo de la actitud como variable latente, se hizo uso del modelo MIMIC. Una vez obtenidos los datos y resultados, se confirmó que la actitud hacia el irrespeto de esta norma de tránsito está influenciada por el género, el grado de escolaridad y la ocupación que tengan los motociclistas.
Stability of the classical type of relative equilibria of a rigid body in the J2 problem
Creators: name: Wang, Yue
name: Xu, Shijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a point mass in the J2 problem is generalized to that of a rigid body in a J2 gravity field. The linear and nonlinear stability of the classical type of relative equilibria of the rigid body, which have been obtained in our previous paper, are studied in the framework of geometric mechanics with the second-order gravitational potential. Non-canonical Hamiltonian structure of the problem, i.e., Poisson tensor, Casimir functions and equations of motion, are obtained through a Poisson reduction process by means of the symmetry of the problem. The linear system matrix at the relative equilibria is given through the multiplication of the Poisson tensor and Hessian matrix of the variational Lagrangian. Based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix, the conditions of linear stability of the relative equilibria are obtained. The conditions of nonlinear stability of the relative equilibria are derived with the energy-Casimir method through the projected Hessian matrix of the variational Lagrangian. With the stability conditions obtained, both the linear and nonlinear stability of the relative equilibria are investigated in details in a wide range of the parameters of the gravity field and the rigid body. We find that both the zonal harmonic J2 and the characteristic dimension of the rigid body have significant effects on the linear and nonlinear stability. Similar to the classical attitude stability in a central gravity field, the linear stability region is also consisted of two regions that are analogues of the Lagrange region and the DeBra-Delp region respectively. The nonlinear stability region is the subset of the linear stability region in the first quadrant that is the analogue of the Lagrange region. Our results are very useful for the studies on the motion of natural satellites in our solar system.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Activation cross-sections of longer lived products of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on ytterbium up to 40 MeV
Creators: name: Tárkányi, F.
name: Ditrói, F.
name: Takács, S.
name: Hermanne, A.
name: Yamazaki, H.
name: Baba, M.
name: Mohammadi, A.
name: Ignatyuk, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the frame of a systematic study of the activation cross-sections of the deuteron induced nuclear reactions, excitation functions of the natYb(d,xn)177,173,172mg,171mg,170,169Lu, natYb(d,x)175,169Yb and natYb(d,x)173,172,168,167,165Tm reactions are studied up to 40 MeV, a few of them for the first time. Cross-sections were measured with the activation method using a stacked foil irradiation technique and high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. The experimental data are analyzed and compared to the results of the theoretical model codes ALICE-IPPE, EMPIRE-II and TALYS. From the measured cross-section data integral production yields were calculated. Applications of the new cross-sections are discussed.
Socioeconomic status, academic self-concept and Indigenous status : Moderation effects on secondary school non-completion across policy contexts
Creators: name: Schellekens, Melissa
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2022
Subjects: dropout
school completion
Indigenous
socioeconomic status
education

description: Substantial inequities exist in the secondary school completion rates between Indigenous and non-Indigenous students internationally, and in Australia. This thesis aims to understand the interplay between key sociodemographic factors, including academic self-concept, socioeconomic status and Indigenous status, in predicting secondary school completion. While academic self-concept has been demonstrated to predict academic achievement, less evidence exists for academic self-concept in predicting school completion. Little research uses an intersectional approach to explore how sociodemographic contexts moderate this relation, particularly in Indigenous and low socioeconomic groups. This thesis addresses this lack of research using a systematic review (Study 1) and analyses of two large-scale representative and longitudinal datasets (Studies 2 & 3). Study 1 identified significant moderation effects between academic self-concept and a variety of educational outcomes. Moderation effects between academic self-concept, Indigenous status and socioeconomic status on school non-completion were pursued in Study 2, through multilinear regression analysis (n = 9378). Study 2 found the link between socioeconomic status and school non-completion to be significantly moderated by Indigenous status, controlling for academic achievement. Increased socioeconomic status for Indigenous students was not correlated with reduced school non-completion. Study 3 replicated the significant interaction effect of Indigenous status and socioeconomic status on school non- completion (n = 8759). Sampling occurred after increases to the compulsory school leaving age across Australia. Findings infer this policy reform improved school completion for Indigenous, low socioeconomic and low academic self-concept students. This thesis improves knowledge of educational inequity relating to school completion for Indigenous students and will assist in addressing that inequity.
A Renormalization Group Approach to A Yang-Mills Two Matrix Model
Creators: name: Kawamoto, Shoichi
name: Tomino, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Yang-Mills type two matrix model with mass terms is studied by use of a matrix renormalization group approach proposed by Brezin and Zinn-Justin. The renormalization group method indicates that the model exhibits a critical behavior similar to that of two dimensional Euclidean gravity. A massless limit and the generation of quadratic terms along the renormalization group flow are discussed.
description: 34 pages, v2; typos corrected, references added
Revisiting the Cosmological Principle in a Cellular Framework
Creators: name: Zaninetti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmological Principle in it's various versions states that: (i) the Galaxy does not occupy a particular position, (ii) the Universe is homogeneous and isotropic. This statement does not agree with the recent astronomical observations in the range z lower than 0.05 which are in agreement with a cellular structure of the Universe. Here we present a local analysis of the inhomogeneity of the Universe. When z is greater than 0.05 our analysis cannot be applied because the astronomical sample of galaxies here processed is not complete. The two tools of the Poisson Voronoi tessellation (PVT) and the luminosity function for galaxies allow of building a new version of the local Cosmological Principle.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures
Wronskians and linear independence
Creators: name: Bostan, Alin
name: Dumas, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a new and simple proof of the fact that a finite family of analytic functions has a zero Wronskian only if it is linearly dependent.
title: Essays on heterogeneous agent models
Creators: name: Vartuzova, Mariia
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: The thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter examines the behaviour of the New Keynesian (NK) model, which has been extended to include heterogeneous individuals who face idiosyncratic productivity risk. My main focus in this chapter is the heterogeneity innovation of the model, therefore, I consider the relatively simple NK setting where the idiosyncratic income risk follows a two-state Poisson process and in which households can save in productive capital. This model proved to be a good starting point for establishing the methodology and understanding the key properties of the HA class of models. The second chapter presents a HANK model with government debt which is both nominal and of long maturity. Other key features of the considered model include sticky prices, monetary policy, endogenous labour supply and distortionary taxation. This framework allows us to reconsider the distributional implications of interactions between monetary and fiscal policy. It has been found that heterogeneous agent economies generate significant differences in the monetary and fiscal policy transmission mechanisms which are likely to have a quantitative impact on the optimal design of the policy. The third chapter introduces Ramsey type of optimal policy to the HANK model with government bonds. To address the challenge of solving for optimal policy in HA models, I employ a variational approach inspired by Nuno and Thomas [2020], which incorporates the concept of Geautaux derivatives of infinite-dimensional spaces. As a result, I obtain an analytical characterization of optimal monetary policy, where the factors of aggregate wealth and income dispersion, as well as marginal consumption properties, define optimal inflation value. Specifically, the optimality condition for inflation reveals how the central bank trades off the disutility costs of inflation with its benefits. Notably, my findings align with those of Nuno and Thomas [2020]: the heterogeneous-agent model generates an inflationary bias with redistributive effects, distinct from the inflationary bias observed in classical New Keynesian literature. The extent of this unconventional inflationary bias depends on the stringency of the government budget constraint and income dispersion.
Weighted Sum Rate Maximization for Downlink OFDMA with Subcarrier-pair based Opportunistic DF Relaying
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Glineur, Francois
name: Louveaux, Jerome
name: Vandendorpe, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses a weighted sum rate (WSR) maximization problem for downlink OFDMA aided by a decode-and-forward (DF) relay under a total power constraint. A novel subcarrier-pair based opportunistic DF relaying protocol is proposed. Specifically, user message bits are transmitted in two time slots. A subcarrier in the first slot can be paired with a subcarrier in the second slot for the DF relay-aided transmission to a user. In particular, the source and the relay can transmit simultaneously to implement beamforming at the subcarrier in the second slot. Each unpaired subcarrier in either the first or second slot is used for the source's direct transmission to a user. A benchmark protocol, same as the proposed one except that the transmit beamforming is not used for the relay-aided transmission, is also considered. For each protocol, a polynomial-complexity algorithm is developed to find at least an approximately optimum resource allocation (RA), by using continuous relaxation, the dual method, and Hungarian algorithm. Instrumental to the algorithm design is an elegant definition of optimization variables, motivated by the idea of regarding the unpaired subcarriers as virtual subcarrier pairs in the direct transmission mode. The effectiveness of the RA algorithm and the impact of relay position and total power on the protocols' performance are illustrated by numerical experiments. The proposed protocol always leads to a maximum WSR equal to or greater than that for the benchmark one, and the performance gain of using the proposed one is significant especially when the relay is in close proximity to the source and the total power is low. Theoretical analysis is presented to interpret these observations.
description: 8 figures, accepted and to be published in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.2935
DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS IN AMBIENT MASS SPECTROMETRY IMAGING FOR INCREASED SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY
Creators: name: Sanchez, Daniela Mesa
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Analytical spectrometry
Analytical biochemistry
Analytical chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is an advanced analytical technique that renders spatially defined images of complex label-free samples. Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) MSI is an ambient ionization direct liquid extraction technique in which analytes are extracted by means of a continuous liquid flow between two fused-silica capillaries. The droplet generated between the two capillaries is controlled by a delicate balance of solvent flow, solvent aspiration, capillary angles, and distance from the surface. This technique produces reproducible ion images with up to 10 µm resolution and can be used to identify and quantify multiple analytes on a given surface. This thesis discusses some of the applications of this technique to biological systems, as well as the work done to develop methodology to further improve this technique’s specificity and sensitivity. Herein, applications that push the limits of the current capabilities of nano-DESI are presented, such as the high-resolution imaging of lipid species in skeletal muscle at the single-fiber level, and the quantification of low-abundance drug metabolites. The second theme of this thesis, developing new capabilities, introduces ion mobility mass spectrometry imaging. This integrated technique increases the selectivity previously possible with MSI. To support these efforts, the work in this thesis has generated data analysis workflows that not only make these experiments possible but also further endeavor to increase sensitivity and combat instrument limitations on mobility resolution. Finally, this thesis present streamlined workflows for tandem MS experiments and modifications to a recently introduced microfluidic variant of the nano-DESI technique. In all, this thesis showcases the current capabilities of the nano-DESI technique and lays the groundwork for future improvements and capabilities.
Structure, stability and defects of single layer h-BN in comparison to graphene
Creators: name: Slotman, GJ
name: Fasolino, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study by molecular dynamics the structural properties of single layer h-BN in comparison to graphene. We show that the Tersoff bond order potential developed for BN by Albe, Moller and Heinig gives a thermally stable hexagonal single layer with a bending constant kappa= 0.54 eV at T = 0. We find that the non-monotonic behaviour of the lattice parameter, the expansion of the interatomic distance and the growth of the bending rigidity with temperature are qualitatively similar to those of graphene. Conversely, the energetics of point defects is extremely different: instead of Stone Wales defects, the two lowest energy defects in h-BN involve either a broken bond or an out of plane displacement of a N atom to form a tetrahedron with three B atoms in the plane. We provide the formation energies and an estimate of the energy barriers.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Supplementary information - Thrombin cleaves prolactin into a potent 5.6 kDa vasoinhibin: Implication for tissue repair
Creators: name: Zamora, Magdalena
name: Robles, Juan Pablo
name: Aguilar, Manuel B.
name: Romero-Gómez, Sergio de Jesús
name: Bertsch, Thomas
name: Martinez de la Escalera, Gonzalo
name: Triebel, Jakob
name: Clapp, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 110106 Medical Biochemistry: Proteins and Peptides (incl. Medical Proteomics)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary information of 'Thrombin cleaves prolactin into a potent 5.6 kDa vasoinhibin: Implication for tissue repair'
Determination of Transverse Density Structuring from Propagating MHD Waves in the Solar Atmosphere
Creators: name: Arregui, I.
name: Ramos, A. Asensio
name: Pascoe, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Bayesian seismology inversion technique for propagating magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) transverse waves observed in coronal waveguides. The technique uses theoretical predictions for the spatial damping of propagating kink waves in transversely inhomogeneous coronal waveguides. It combines wave amplitude damping length scales along the waveguide with theoretical results for resonantly damped propagating kink waves to infer the plasma density variation across the oscillating structures. Provided the spatial dependence of the velocity amplitude along the propagation direction is measured and the existence of two different damping regimes is identified, the technique would enable us to fully constrain the transverse density structuring, providing estimates for the density contrast and its transverse inhomogeneity length scale.
Virtual Reality Utilisation in History Education: Discovery Through a Systematic Quantitative Literature Review
Creators: name: BONSU, NANA OSEI
name: Zagami, Jason
name: Pendergast, Donna
name: Boadu, Gideon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 460708
subject: Virtual and mixed reality

description: This systematic quantitative literature review (SQLR) spans from 2013 to 2023 and includes 40 research articles that meet the inclusion criteria. It explores the intersection of virtual reality (VR) and history education. This SQLR serves as a scoping of the field, discovering key contributors, publication trends, research types, geographic distribution, participant demographics, educational levels, research methods and designs, key findings, and thematic relationships among key concepts. The key findings indicate a surge in VR-related history/social studies research, with Europe leading in contributions, followed by Asia, North America, South America, and both Africa and Oceania sharing fifth place. Students were the main research participants in the studies included in the review, with the majority of the studies being empirical in nature. The majority of studies focused on higher education and were conducted utilising quantitative research methods and experimental research design. The findings reveal that VR significantly enhances historical knowledge and increases interest. However, it was also found that studies tend to focus on students’ attitudes towards VR as a technology rather than its impact on learning. This study also provides implications.
Determination of different types of fixed effects in three-dimensional panels*
Creators: name: Lu, Xun
name: Miao, Ke
name: Su, Liangjun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: In this paper, we propose a jackknife method to determine the type of fixed effects in three-dimensional panel data models. We show that with probability approaching 1, the method can select the correct type of fixed effects in the presence of only weak serial or cross-sectional dependence among the error terms. In the presence of strong serial correlation, we propose a modified jackknife method and justify its selection consistency. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the excellent finite sample performance of our method. Applications to two datasets in macroeconomics and international trade reveal the usefulness of our method.
Sharp generalizations of the multilinear Bohnenblust--Hille inequality
Creators: name: Albuquerque, N.
name: Bayart, F.
name: Pellegrino, D.
name: Seoane-Sepulveda, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the multilinear Bohnenblust--Hille is a particular case of a quite general family of optimal inequalities.
description: This new version contains improvements to the results of the previous version
THE MECHANICS OF FAIL-SAFE AND LOAD LIMITING MECHANISMS IN THE FEEDING APPARATUS OF A SEA MOLLUSK
Creators: name: Connolly, John Michael
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Structural engineering

description: Many engineering structures are designed to withstand a critical mechanical load before failure. When a load greater than the critical load is encountered, the manner of structural failure is important. Nature has been a source of technical inspiration for centuries, and the power of modern scientific investigative techniques has enhanced engineers’ abilities to learn from millennia of evolutionary mechanical refinement. Chitons, a family of marine mollusks, feed on algae attached to rocky substrates, and parts of their feeding organs are subjected to varied loads in the process. In this work, the manner of failure of a chiton’s tooth and supporting structure is investigated, and it is suggested that mechanical details of the structure enable load-limiting and fail-safe performance that protects the animal from potentially dangerous overloading.
Growth of High-Mobility Bi2Te2Se Nanoplatelets on hBN Sheets by van der Waals Epitaxy
Creators: name: Gehring, Pascal
name: Gao, Bo F.
name: Burghard, Marko
name: Kern, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical detection of the surface states of topological insulators is strongly impeded by the interference of bulk conduction, which commonly arises due to pronounced doping associated with the formation of lattice defects. As exemplified by the topological insulator Bi2Te2Se, we show that via van der Waals epitaxial growth on thin hBN substrates the structural quality of such nanoplatelets can be substantially improved. The surface state carrier mobility of nanoplatelets on hBN is increased by a factor of about 3 compared to platelets on conventional Si/SiOx substrates, which enables the observation of well-developed Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations. We furthermore demonstrate the possibility to effectively tune the Fermi level position in the films with the aid of a back gate.
Cluster Membership Probability: Polarimetric Approach
Creators: name: Medhi, Biman J.
name: Tamura, Motohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar polarimetric data of the six open clusters Hogg 15, NGC 6611, NGC 5606, NGC 6231, NGC 5749 and NGC 6250 have been used to estimate the membership probability for the stars within them. For proper-motion member stars, the membership probability estimated using the polarimetric data is in good agreement with the proper-motion cluster membership probability. However, for proper-motion non-member stars, the membership probability estimated by the polarimetric method is in total disagreement with the proper-motion cluster membership probability. The inconsistencies in the determined memberships may be because of the fundamental differences between the two methods of determination: one is based on stellar proper-motion in space and the other is based on selective extinction of the stellar output by the asymmetric aligned dust grains present in the interstellar medium. The results and analysis suggest that the scatter of the Stokes vectors q(%) and u(%) for the proper-motion member stars depends on the interstellar and intra-cluster differential reddening in the open cluster. It is found that this method could be used to estimate the cluster membership probability if we have additional polarimetric and photometric information for a star to identify it as a probable member/non-member of a particular cluster, such as the maximum wavelength value (λ_max), the unit weight error of the fit (σ_1), the dispersion in the polarimetric position angles (ε), reddening (E(B-V)) or the differential intra-cluster reddening (ΔE(B-V)). This method could also be used to estimate the membership probability of known member stars having no membership probability as well as to resolve disagreements about membership among different proper-motion surveys.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
‘I’m a big boy, you’re a baby’. Negotiating labels, group boundaries and identities in an early childhood community of practice
Creators: name: Strycharz-Banaś, A
name: Dalli, Maria
name: Meyerhoff, M
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130399 Specialist Studies in Education not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130199 Education systems not elsewhere classified
subject: 130299 Curriculum and Pedagogy not elsewhere classified

description: ‘I’m a big boy, you’re a baby’: How do such phrases do the vital work of managing young children’s peer interactions? We trace the function of such phrases as they were used over an 18-month period by young children (2; 6 - 4; 11) who attended a New Zealand an early childhood centre. Using interactional sociolinguistics methods of analysis we examine how children used particular phrases within their community of practice to manage their peer interactions and to mark out individual and group identities through inclusion and exclusion. The phrases we analyse are labels (big boys; baby); we document changes in the way they were used productively: there is ‘ownership’ of them; then they are re-purposed; and then some disappear. By viewing peer interactions as phenomena that include a temporal dimension, we trace how each phrase helped to establish individual and group identities that were constantly open to negotiation. We argue the need for greater attention to children’s use of language to improve our understanding of children’s lived experiences of peer interactions including inclusion and exclusion processes in early childhood settings.
Portrait des représentations et des pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants du programme d'appui aux nouveaux arrivants (PANA) liées à l'apprentissage des compétences sociolinguistiques de la langue de scolarisation
Creators: name: Jeanveaux, Bianca
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sociolinguistique
Pratiques pédagogiques
Représentations
Interculturel

description: Ce projet de recherche porte sur la description des représentations des enseignants et des pratiques pédagogiques liées à l'apprentissage des compétences sociolinguistiques chez les élèves inscrits au PANA. Nous avons donc exploré des concepts tels que l'apprentissage d'une langue seconde, la langue de scolarisation, les compétences sociolinguistiques, les représentations enseignantes, les approches pédagogiques et les pratiques pédagogiques. À notre connaissance, aucune recherche dans le passé ne s'est intéressée à l'étude et l'exploration des représentations et des pratiques pédagogiques dans un contexte où la langue de scolarisation est minoritaire. De plus, la pertinence de cette recherche s'explique également dans le fait que des chercheurs (Nussbaum et Unamumo, 2006 ; Calinon, 2009) ont montré que les compétences sociolinguistiques sont essentielles pour l'intégration et l'adaptation sociale dans de nouveaux contextes de communication. Bien évidemment, les élèves du Programme d'appui aux nouveaux arrivants (PANA) sont non seulement, placés en situation où ils sont à la frontière de deux langues (Guérin-Lajoie, 2018), mais aussi confrontés à une toute nouvelle réalité sociale. Cela étant dit, d'une part, nous souhaitons explorer les représentations enseignantes quant au développement des compétences sociolinguistiques. Plus précisément, notre recherche a pour objectif de décrire les représentations associées à l'interculturel ainsi qu'à l'apprentissage des normes sociales, des codes verbaux et des codes non verbaux. Un portrait plus exhaustif des représentations permettra ainsi de mieux comprendre les approches et les pratiques préconisées par le personnel enseignant face aux compétences sociolinguistiques. D'ailleurs, nous documenterons d'autre part les pratiques pédagogiques associées aux normes sociales, des codes verbaux et des codes non verbaux. L'exploration de ces deux éléments, soit les pratiques pédagogiques et les représentations, nous permettrons nécessairement d'établir des recommandations et de cibler les implications entourant l'apprentissage des compétences sociolinguistiques chez les élèves du PANA. D'abord, nous présenterons dans ce rapport les éléments qui justifient la pertinence de cette recherche ainsi que le contexte entourant le choix de notre étude. Puis, nous définirons les concepts clés qui ont guidé nos travaux et qui ont permis de rendre compte des recherches précédentes et ensuite nous décrirons la méthodologie. Finalement, nous discuterons des données recueillies et des implications de celles-ci au regard des objectifs établis pour cette recherche.
Singularity Problem in Teleparallel Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Gu, Je-An
name: Lee, Chung-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study future singularity in teleparallel dark energy models, particularly its behavior and its (non)occurrence in the observationally viable models. For the models with a general self-potential of the scalar field, we point out that both at early times and in the future near the singularity the behavior of dark energy can be described by the analytic solutions of the scalar field we obtained for the model with no self-potential. As to the (non)occurrence in the viable models, we consider a natural binding-type self-potential, the quadratic potential, when fitting observational data, and illustrate the constraining region up to the $3σ$ confidence level as well as the region where a singularity will occur. As a result, the singularity region is outside the $3σ$ constraint. Thus, although the future singularity problem potentially exists in teleparallel dark energy models, the observationally viable models may not suffer this problem.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, revised version accepted by PRD