cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement of K^+ \to π^0 μ^+ νγdecay using stopped kaons
Creators: name: E470 Collaboration
name: Shimizu, S.
name: Horie, K.
name: Aliev, M. A.
name: Asano, Y.
name: Baker, T.
name: Depommier, P.
name: Hasinoff, M.
name: Igarashi, Y.
name: Imazato, J.
name: Ivashkin, A. P.
name: Khabibullin, M. M.
name: Khotjantsev, A. N.
name: Kudenko, Y. G.
name: Levchenko, A. S.
name: Lim, G. Y.
name: Macdonald, J. A.
name: Mineev, O. V.
name: Rangacharyulu, C.
name: Sawada, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The K^+ \to π^0 μ^+ νγ($K_{μ3 γ}$) decay has been measured with stopped positive kaons at the KEK 12 GeV proton synchrotron. A $K_{μ3 γ}$ sample containing 125 events was obtained. The partial branching ratio $Br(K_{μ3 γ}, E_γ>30 {\rm MeV}, θ_{μ^+ γ}>20^{\circ})$ was found to be $[2.4 \pm 0.5(stat) \pm 0.6(syst)]\times 10^{-5}$, which is in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physics Letters B
Heating and Eruption of a Solar Circular Ribbon Flare
Creators: name: Lee, Jeongwoo
name: Karpen, Judith T.
name: Liu, Chang
name: Wang, Haimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14J60

description: We studied a circular-ribbon flare, SOL2014-12-17T04:51, with emphasis on its thermal evolution as determined by the Differential Emission Measure (DEM) inversion analysis of the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Both temperature and emission measure start to rise much earlier than the flare, along with an eruption and formation of a hot halo over the fan structure. In the main flare phase, another set of ribbons forms inside the circular ribbon, and expands as expected for ribbons at the footpoints of a postflare arcade. An additional heating event further extends the decay phase, which is also characteristic of some eruptive flares. The basic magnetic configuration appears to be a fan-spine topology, rooted in a minority-polarity patch surrounded by majority-polarity flux. We suggest that reconnection at the null point begins well before the impulsive phase, when the null is distorted into a breakout current sheet, and that both flare and breakout reconnection are necessary in order to explain the subsequent local thermal evolution and the eruptive activities in this confined magnetic structure. Using local DEMs, we found a postflare temperature increase inside the fan surface, indicating that the so-called EUV late phase is due to continued heating in the flare loops.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to ApJ
Supplementary information, figures and tables from Dominance in a socially dynamic setting: hierarchical structure and conflict dynamics in ravens' foraging groups
Creators: name: Boucherie, Palmyre H.
name: Gallego-Abenza, Mario
name: Massen, Jorg J. M.
name: Bugnyar, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Dominance hierarchies typically emerge in systems where group members regularly encounter and compete for resources. In birds, the ‘open’ and dynamic structure of foraging groups may prevent the emergence of structured hierarchies, although these assumptions have hardly been tested. We report on agonistic data in ravens Corvus corax, collected over two 18-months periods on 183 marked individuals of a wild (fluid) population and 51 birds from six captive (stable) groups. We show that the dominance structure (steep and transitive) in wild foraging groups is strikingly similar to that found in captivity. In the wild, we found that higher ranks are mainly occupied by males, older and more aggressive individuals who also tend to receive less aggressions. Exploring the mechanisms sustaining the wild dominance structure, we found that males are more aggressive than females and with age, tend to receive less aggressions than females. Males that are about to leave the foraging groups for some months are less aggressive than newcomers or locals; while newcomers are specifically targeted by aggressions in their first year (juveniles). Taken together, our results indicate that the socially dynamic conditions ravens face during foraging do not hinder, but provide opportunities for, using (advanced) social cognition.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
Determinantes e previsão da taxa de câmbio nominal: uma aplicação do modelo de paridade da taxa de juros atrelado ao mercado monetário, 1999-2004
Creators: name: Cassuce, Francisco Carlos Da Cunha
name: Mattos, Leonardo Bornacki De
name: Campos, Antonio Carvalho
name: Cassuce, Francisco Carlos Da Cunha
name: Mattos, Leonardo Bornacki De
name: Campos, Antonio Carvalho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Exchange
subject: Forecast
subject: Brazil

description: The present work looked for to show the influence of nominal variable in the determination of nominal exchange rate R$/USS. For this, the model of the parity of the tax of interests was used, ally to the monetary market. It was looked, also, to foresee the tax of exchange rate R$/USS, until December of 2005. For reaching such objectives, the equations of the system had been obtained by the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The results had shown that the nominal variable are very important to determinate the exchange rate and that the model of parity of the tax of interests, ally to the monetary market is confirmed for the Brazilian case in the period of analysis (jan/1999 to dez/2004). This conclusion is made on the basis of the high capacity of forecast of the model structuralized for the development of the study. Admitting the forecasted values, the exchange rate presents a light trend of fall until December of 2005, closing in 2,45 R$/US$.
Additional file 1 of Dietary inflammatory index, risk of incident hypertension, and effect modification from BMI
Creators: name: Conor-James MacDonald
name: Laouali, Nasser
name: Anne-Laure Madika
name: Mancini, Francesca Romana
name: Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
On finite subgroups of groups of type VF
Creators: name: Leary, Ian J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 19A31, 20E45, 20J05, 57M07

description: For any finite group Q not of prime power order, we construct a group G that is virtually of type F, contains infinitely many conjugacy classes of subgroups isomorphic to Q, and contains only finitely many conjugacy classes of other finite subgroups.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol9/paper44.abs.html
Uma análise da inovação na agroindústria no Brasil
Creators: name: Conceicao, Junia Cristina Peres Rodrigues Da
name: Almeida, Mansueto F. De
name: Conceicao, Junia Cristina Peres Rodrigues Da
name: Almeida, Mansueto F. De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agro industry
subject: Innovation
subject: Brazil

description: This paper seeks to identify the major factors behind the innovation process of firms in the food and beverage sector. On the microeconomic incentives to innovate, our results show that larger firms, higher schooling and higher R&D expenditures increase the probability that firms will innovate. In addition, our results show that innovation is essential for food and beverage firms to meet the domestic demand, including the upper segment of the consumer market and also the bottom one. At last, our results indicate that the domestic consumer was a key factor behind food and beverage firms’ incentives to innovate in the 1998-2000 period.
Additional file 1 of Opening large-conductance potassium channels selectively induced cell death of triple-negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Sizemore, Gina
name: McLaughlin, Sarah
name: Newman, Mackenzie
name: Brundage, Kathleen
name: Ammer, Amanda
name: Martin, Karen
name: Pugacheva, Elena
name: Coad, James
name: Mattes, Malcolm D.
name: Yu, Han-Gang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Fig. 1: A BK specific antibody recognized three bands of the channel alpha subunit – the pore forming subunit. Supplemental Fig. 2: Immunohistochemistry of BK channels in TNBC patient tissues (IHC). (a) normal breast tissue, (b) TNBC tissue (BK channel expression indicated by brown color, see Methods), (c) Percentage of staining area averaged from seven TNBC and three normal breast tissues. Unpaired t-test was performed, two-tailed p = 0.0042, t = 3.95. Supplemental Fig. 3: BMS-191011 on human breast cancer cell lines. Upper panels show the bright-field images, lower panels show the dead cells labelled by EthD-1 dye (red). BMS-191011 (20 μM) treatment of MCF10A (left), MDA-MB-231 (middle), and MCF7 (right) after 2 days. Scale bar: 20 μm. Supplemental Fig. 4: Concentration-dependent effects of NS11021 on MDA-MB-231 after 5 days. Upper panels show the effects of NS11021 in bright field, lower panels show the dead cells labelled by EthD-1 dye (red). Scale bar: 20 μm. Supplemental Fig. 5: Concentration-dependent effects of BMS-191011 on SUM159 after 5 days. Upper panels show the bright-field images, lower panels show the dead cells labelled by EthD-1 dye (red). Scale bar: 20 μm. Supplemental Fig. 6: BMS-191011 on HCC1143. Upper panels show the effects of BMS-191011, lower panels show the dead cells labelled by EthD-1 dye (red). Left: control; Right: one day after 10 μM BMS-191011 treatment. Scale bar: 20 μm. Supplemental Fig. 7: DMSO on HCC1143. DMSO (5 μl, corresponding to the volume used for 50 μM BMS-191011) on HCC1143. Upper: after 48 h; Lower: after 96 h. Left: light image, Right: dead cells labelled by EthD-1 dye (red). Scale bar: 20 μm. Supplemental Fig. 8: MDA-MB-231 cell death induced by a constitutively open BK channel mutant, A313D. WT: wild-type BK channel, A313D: mutant channel, GFP: GFP plasmid, *: p
Static spherically symmetric black hole's solution in Einstein-Maxwell-Yang-Mills-dilaton theory
Creators: name: Stetsko, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work a static spherically symmetric black hole's solution within the Einstein-Maxwell-Yang-Mills-dilaton theory is derived. The obtained solution is examined, in particular, we have calculated the Kretschmann scalar which allowed us to characterize singularity points. Using the obtained black hole's solution we have studied its thermodynamics. Namely, the temperature was calculated, the first law was written, and the heat capacity was studied. The extended thermodynamics approach is utilized to obtain the equation of state. Within the extended thermodynamics the Gibbs free energy is derived and investigated. The analysis of the Gibbs free energy shows that below the critical temperature besides the first order phase transition in addition the zeroth order phase transition occurs, what is typical for other types of black holes with dilaton fields. Finally, we have shown that the critical exponents take the same values as for other types of the dilaton black holes.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures; minor changes are made; some references are added
Evolução e desempenho da política de contratos de opção de venda para mercados agrícolas
Creators: name: Pereira, Ana Cibele
name: Carvalho, Fatima Marilia Andrade De
name: Conceicao, Junia Cristina Peres Rodrigues Da
name: Pereira, Ana Cibele
name: Carvalho, Fatima Marilia Andrade De
name: Conceicao, Junia Cristina Peres Rodrigues Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: Option contracts
subject: Marketing

description: From the 1990s, in face of the smaller participation of the government in the economy and, consequently, in the agricultural sector, the government policy has carried out, as alternative, new support forms to the agriculture, with reduction of public resources. With regarding to the agricultural marketing, more modern instruments have been designed, involving the private sector, among them, the Sell Option Contracts, set up under the form of an insurance of prices for the farmers. In this study, it is analyzed the performance of that instrument for the wheat, rice and corn markets. It was detected, for all those markets, sensitive reduction of the government's participation in the agricultural marketing through the traditional instruments, in favor of actions that shrink the public expenses. The Sell Option Contracts are still very restricted both in terms of marketed amount and in terms of regional allocation. It was also verified that the releases are not systematic and continuous, what hinders conclusions regarding its effectiveness as mechanism of price stabilization, production and income.
Observation of collective decay dynamics of a single Rydberg superatom
Creators: name: Stiesdal, Nina
name: Busche, Hannes
name: Kumlin, Jan
name: Kleinbeck, Kevin
name: Büchler, Hans Peter
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate the collective decay of a single Rydberg superatom, formed by an ensemble of thousands of individual atoms supporting only a single excitation due to the Rydberg blockade. Instead of observing a constant decay rate determined by the collective coupling strength to the driving field, we show that the enhanced emission of the single stored photon into the forward direction of the coupled optical mode depends on the dynamics of the superatom before the decay. We find that the observed decay rates are reproduced by an expanded model of the superatom which includes coherent coupling between the collective bright state and subradiant states.
Rating de cooperativas agropecuárias: uma contribuição metodológica
Creators: name: Costa, Davi Rogerio De Moura
name: Bialoskorski Neto, Sigismundo
name: Costa, Davi Rogerio De Moura
name: Bialoskorski Neto, Sigismundo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Agricultural cooperatives
subject: Rating methodology
subject: Brazil

description: The macroeconomic and agricultural policy instability in the agricultural sector increased the cooperative needs to obtain resources in the financial markets. However, because the asymmetric information problem among directors, members and market, a rating methodology classification is necessary. The aim of this article is to propose a rating methodology that could improve the financial markets orientation. The methodology was developed and after applied in São Paulo State agricultural cooperative and the results allow concluding that methodology is feasible and represent adequately the institutional reality.
Nuclear pasta structures and the charge screening effect
Creators: name: Maruyama, Toshiki
name: Tatsumi, Toshitaka
name: Voskresensky, Dmitri . N.
name: Tanigawa, Tomonori
name: Chiba, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non uniform structures of the nucleon matter at subnuclear densities are numerically studied by means of the density functional theory with relativistic mean-fields coupled with the electric field. A particular role of the charge screening effects is demonstrated.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRC
The LOFAR view of intergalactic magnetic fields with giant radio galaxies
Creators: name: Stuardi, C.
name: O'Sullivan, S. P.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Dabhade, P.
name: Horellou, C.
name: Morganti, R.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Heald, G.
name: Iacobelli, M.
name: Vacca, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant radio galaxies (GRGs) are physically large radio sources that extend well beyond their host galaxy environment. Their polarization properties are affected by the poorly constrained magnetic field that permeates the intergalactic medium on Mpc scales. A low frequency ($
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted by A&A
Estimativa da elasticidade-renda do consumo de café na região Sudeste do Brasil
Creators: name: Santos, Venussia Eliane Dos
name: Gomes, Marco Tulio M.
name: Gomes, Marilia Fernandes Maciel
name: Santos, Venussia Eliane Dos
name: Gomes, Marco Tulio M.
name: Gomes, Marilia Fernandes Maciel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Income elasticity
subject: Coffee consumption
subject: Southeast Region

description: This paper aimed to assess the changes in the consumption quantity of roasted and ground coffee in response to changes in the consumers' income, in the Southeast Region of Brazil, specifically in the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, and in all areas of the covered by the POF (Brazil). For that, the income elasticity of the consumption of those types of coffees was estimated by using an econometric model that fitted a three-segment polygon to show as the per capita physical consumption of those types of coffee varies as the per capita family monthly income changes. The data were gathered from the Family Budget Survey for the years of 2002/2003, published by the IBGE. The estimated income elasticity for roasted and ground coffee was greater than zero and smaller than one, suggesting that this product is considered a normal good in the analyzed regions, i.e., a variation in the consumer's income will lead to a less than proportional variation in the coffee consumption.
Multipole Ordering and Fluctuations in f-Electron Systems
Creators: name: Kubo, Katsunori
name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate effects of multipole moments in f-electron systems both from phenomenological and microscopic viewpoints. First, we discuss significant effects of octupole moment on the magnetic susceptibility in a paramagnetic phase. It is found that even within mean-field approximation, the magnetic susceptibility deviates from the Curie-Weiss law due to interactions between dipole and octupole moments. Next, we proceed to a microscopic theory for multipole ordering on the basis of a j-j coupling scheme. After brief explanation of a method to derive multipole interactions from the $f$-electron model, we discuss several multipole ordered phases depending on lattice structure. Finally, we show our new development of the microscopic approach to the evaluation of multipole response functions. We apply fluctuation exchange approximation to the f-electron model, and evaluate multipole response functions.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of ASR-WYP-2005
Evolução do crescimento econômico dos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul
Creators: name: Stulp, Valter Jose
name: Stulp, Valter Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Economic growth
subject: Counties
subject: Regional convergence

description: The study analyses the convergence or not of the counties of the state of Rio Grande do Sul to a same level of income per capita. It also examines variables associated with the economic growth of the counties, such as the regional location, the participation of the economic sectors and the agrarian structure. The perspectives of regional economic growth in the State are promising. In the long run the percentage of counties with income per capita above the State average would increase from 28% to 52%. The effect of the industrial and services sectors upon the growth of income is greater than that of the agricultural sector, with the exception in the State’s Norwest region. But the agricultural sector is important for the counties economic growth because, besides its direct effect, its contribution also occurs through the industrial and services sectors related to agriculture such as rubber, tobacco, leather, shoes, food, beverages and retail sales. Income grows at higher rates in the regions where the smaller farms are predominant.
Transverse-Energy-Energy Correlations in Deep Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: Li, Hai Tao
name: Vitev, Ivan
name: Zhu, Yu Jiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Event shape observables have been widely used for precision QCD studies at various lepton and hadron colliders. We present the most accurate calculation of the transverse-energy-energy correlation event shape variable in deep-inelastic scattering. In the framework of soft-collinear effective theory the cross section is factorized as the convolution of the hard function, beam function, jet function and soft function in the back-to-back limit. A close connection to TMD factorization is established, as the beam function when combined with part of the soft function is identical to the conventional TMD parton distribution function, and the jet function is the second moment of the TMD fragmentation function matching coefficient. We validate our framework by comparing the obtained LO and NLO leading singular distributions to the full QCD calculations in the back-to-back limit. We report the resummed transverse-energy-energy correlation distributions up to N$^3$LL accuracy matched with the NLO cross section for the production of a lepton and two jets. Our work provides a new way to precisely study TMD physics at the future Electron-Ion Collider.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures; Matched published version
Spectral implementation of some quantum algorithms by one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Das, Ranabir
name: Kumar, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information processing has been effectively demonstrated on a small number of qubits by nuclear magnetic resonance. An important subroutine in any computing is the readout of the output. ``Spectral implementation'' originally suggested by Z.L. Madi, R. Bruschweiler and R.R. Ernst, [J. Chem. Phys. 109, 10603 (1999)], provides an elegant method of readout with the use of an extra `observer' qubit. At the end of computation, detection of the observer qubit provides the output via the multiplet structure of its spectrum. In "spectral implementation" by two-dimensional experiment the observer qubit retains the memory of input state during computation, thereby providing correlated information on input and output, in the same spectrum. "Spectral implementation" of Grover's search algorithm, approximate quantum counting, a modified version of Berstein-Vazirani problem, and Hogg's algorithm is demonstrated here in three and four-qubit systems.
description: 39 pages,11 figures
The Orangutan-oil Palm Conflict: Economic Constraints and Opportunities for Conservation
Creators: name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Conservation
subject: oil palm
subject: opportunity cost
subject: orangutan
subject: public goods

description: The future of the orangutan (Pongo spp.) is far from secure despite the species’ high profile and media attention. The traditional threat to the orangutan has been widespread logging, but the continuing conversion of remaining habitat for oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation is hastening its extinction in the wild. This situation is driven by a robust global market for palm oil as a vegetable oil and biofuel. In tackling this conservation problem, therefore, economic factors cannot be overlooked. This article analyses these factors and how they curtail effective orangutan conservation. Of significance are the high opportunity costs of orangutan conservation and market failures associated with the public-goods nature of the orangutan’s forest habitat. Conservationists should consider these constraints when formulating remedial action. This article assesses strategies that reduce the opportunity cost of conserving habitat (via supply-side approaches that divert oil palm cultivation away from forests) and enhance the realisable value of orangutan habitat (by capitalising on the demand for non-market values such as carbon storage). It is concluded that the former group of strategies are likely to have limited effect on curtailing deforestation, but with the right institutional policies in place they can act as stopgaps while strategies involving carbon financing and payments for biodiversity develop sufficiently to render habitat retention financially competitive.
Determination of carrier density and dynamics via magneto-electroluminescence spectroscopy in resonant tunneling diodes
Creators: name: de Oliveira, E. R. Cardozo
name: Naranjo, A.
name: Pfenning, A.
name: Lopez-Richard, V.
name: Marques, G. E.
name: Worschech, L.
name: Hartmann, F.
name: Höfling, S.
name: Teodoro, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magneto-transport and magneto-electroluminescence properties of purely n-doped GaAs/Al$_{0.6}$Ga$_{0.4}$As resonant tunneling diodes with an In$_{0.15}$Ga$_{0.85}$As quantum well and emitter prewell. Before the resonant current condition, magneto-transport measurements reveal charge carrier densities comparable for diodes with and without the emitter prewell. The Landau level splitting is observed in the electroluminescence emission from the emitter prewell, enabling the determination of the charge carrier build-up. Our findings show that magneto-electroluminescence spectroscopy techniques provide useful insights on the charge carrier dynamics in resonant tunneling diodes and is a versatile tool to complement magneto-transport techniques. This approach will drive the way for developing potentially more efficient opto-electronic resonant tunneling devices, by e.g., monitoring voltage dependent charge accumulation for improving built-in fields and hence to maximize photodetector efficiency and/or minimize optical losses.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Economics, Ecology and the Development and Use of GMOs: General Considerations and Biosafety Issues
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Genetically Modified organisms
subject: biodiversity

description: This article outlines both ecological and socioeconomic issues involved in the development and use of GMOs. It’s argued that while initially new GMOs add to the global stock of biodiversity, in the long-term they result in a decline in biodiversity. Various mechanisms that bring about this decline in genetic diversity are identified. It is suggested that due to evolutionary forces, the desirable genetic properties of some GMO may be eroded in the long-term. They are unlikely to be sustained in their ecological effectiveness forever. The economics of developing and marketing of GMOs is given particular attention. When their development is left to private enterprise, it is found that the economics of developing and marketing GMOs favours large enterprises as primary suppliers. In marketing, there are also preferences for sales of GMOs to larger-sized commercial farms rather than smaller-sized ones. GMOs that are favoured for development are in demand for use in large agricultural markets, many of which are located in higher income countries. Aspects of the patenting of GMOs, co-evolution, various social conflicts in the use of GMOs and legal liability for damages caused by the development and use of GMOs are discussed both from a socioeconomic and biosafety point of view.
Scaling behavior of the momentum distribution of a quantum Coulomb system in a confining potential
Creators: name: Bonart, J. A. E.
name: Appelt, W. H.
name: Vollhardt, D.
name: Chioncel, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the single-particle momentum distribution of a quantum many-particle system in the presence of the Coulomb interaction and a confining potential. The region of intermediate momenta, where the confining potential dominates, marks a crossover from a Gaussian distribution valid at low momenta to a power-law behavior valid at high momenta. We show that for all momenta the momentum distribution can be parametrized by a $q$-Gaussian distribution whose parameters are specified by the confining potential. Furthermore, we find that the functional form of the probability of transitions between the confined ground state and the $n^{th}$ excited state is invariant under scaling of the ratio $Q^2/ν_n$, where $Q$ is the transferred momentum and $ν_n$ is the corresponding excitation energy. Using the scaling variable $Q^2/ν_n$ the maxima of the transition probabilities can also be expressed in terms of a $q$-Gaussian.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Frequency ratio method for seismic modeling of Gamma Doradus stars
Creators: name: Moya, A.
name: Suarez, J. C.
name: Amado, P. J.
name: Martin-Ruiz, S.
name: Garrido, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for obtaining asteroseismological information of a Gamma Doradus oscillating star showing at least three pulsation frequencies is presented. This method is based on a first-order asymptotic g-mode expression, in agreement with the internal structure of Gamma Doradus stars. The information obtained is twofold: 1) a possible identification of the radial order n and degree l of observed frequencies (assuming that these have the same l), and 2) an estimate of the integral of the buoyancy frequency (Brunt-Vaisala) weighted over the stellar radius along the radiative zone. The accuracy of the method as well as its theoretical consistency are also discussed for a typical Gamma Doradus stellar model. Finally, the frequency ratios method has been tested with observed frequencies of the Gamma Doradus star HD 12901. The number of representative models verifying the complete set of constraints (the location in the HR diagram, the Brunt-Vaisala frequency integral, the observed metallicity and frequencies and a reliable identification of n and l) is drastically reduced to six.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Collins Aerospace Bleed-Free ECS
Creators: name: Bartosz, Lance R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Collins
aerospace
aircraft
passenger
power
electricity
efficiency
engine
air
ram air
fan
air conditioning
environmental control systems
ECS
bleed
bleed air
cabin
cabin air
bleed-free
compressor
pack
Vapor Cycle System
VCS
Supplemental Cooling Unit
SCU
Galley Cooling Unit
GCU
Cabin Pressure Control System
CPCS
Nitrogen Generation System
NGS
contamination
liquid cooling system
ACA2024-PRE
ACA2024

description: Traditional jet aircraft use engine compressor bleed air to power their Environmental Control Systems (ECS). The ECS conditions this hot, high-pressure bleed air to provide a comfortable cabin environment. Collins' bleed-free ECS produces its own hot, high-pressure air via electric air compressors. Jet engines can be more efficient when providing power to ECS electrically instead of pneumatically. Collins replaced bleed with electrical power to condition a commercial aircraft cabin, carts and cargo. Collins electric compressors replace bleed air in the electric pack architecture. Electric compressors require unique architectural considerations. Electric architecture enables efficiency gain by depowering the ram fans in flight. Replacing bleed-powered air cooling with electrically powered Vapor Cycle Systems (VCS) improves efficiency. A modular Supplemental Cooling Unit (SCU) design improves aircraft maintainability. A modular Galley Cooling Unit (GCU) design speeds aircraft assembly. Vapor cycle cargo cooling offers improved efficiency compared to one with engine bleed air. High power density electronics may require liquid cooling. The Cabin Pressure Control System (CPCS) remains conventional despite the bleed-free ECS. The dedicated Nitrogen Generation System (NGS) air source reduces system contamination in service. In summary: Electrically powered ECS can be more efficient than bleed powered ECS for certain aircraft types. Collins designed electric air compressors to replace bleed air on commercial passenger aircraft. Transferring some of the aircraft thermal load from air cycle cooling to electrically powered vapor cycle cooling can improve efficiency. Extending electric vapor cycle cooling to cargo systems may provide similar benefits. Inert gas generation systems (NGS) may benefit from clean air provided by electric air compressors in lieu of engine bleed air. Extensive deployment of high power electric architecture may require the added complexity of a liquid cooling system. 
description: This is a publication from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2024 (London, 17-18 September 2024)
A CRITIQUE OF MILLEAN COMPATIBILISM, BETWEEN UTILITARIANISM AND IUS NATURALISM
Creators: name: Morandin-Ahuerma, Fabio
name: Salazar-Moreno, Jaime
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220305 Ethical Theory
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The authors make in this essay a critical analysis of the original text of John Stuart Mill [1861/1863] entitled “Utilitarianism”, in which the English author seeks to make two doctrines compatible: the doctrine of the greatest good for the greatest number of people and, the doctrine of ius naturalism that considers that there is an a priori moral canon that introduces absolute concepts such as intrinsic good or evil itself as criteria for decision-making. In this work, the influence that classical pragmatism exerted, and exerts, as a theory of legal thought and, above all, for action and decision is underlined. Utilitarianism interprets the world from various epistemological approaches, especially from law, economics an politics. The authors conclude that utilitarianism is justified as a valid precept for the application of positive law, in which the ac
Bounce Conditions in f(R) Cosmologies
Creators: name: Carloni, Sante
name: Dunsby, Peter K. S.
name: Solomons, Deon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the conditions for a bounce to occur in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies for the class of fourth order gravity theories. The general bounce criterion is determined and constraints on the parameters of three specific models are given in order to obtain bounces solutions. It is found that unlike the case of General Relativity, a bounce appears to be possible in open and flat cosmologies.
description: 11 pages LaTeX
WHO KILLED ELAINE? ROBOT CARS AND DECISION MAKING
Creators: name: Morandin-Ahuerma, Fabio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220103 Ethical Use of New Technology (e.g. Nanotechnology, Biotechnology)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: This article analyzes the moral problem that decision algorithms entail in autonomous vehicles. The case of Elaine Herzberg, who was hit and killed by an Uber company autonomous vehicle in March 2018 in Tempe, Arizona.
Strong Near-Infrared Spectral Variability of the Young Cloudy L Dwarf Companion VHS J1256-1257 b
Creators: name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Zhou, Yifan
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Bryan, Marta L.
name: Benneke, Björn
name: Batygin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotationally-modulated variability of brown dwarfs and giant planets provides unique information about their surface brightness inhomogeneities, atmospheric circulation, cloud evolution, vertical atmospheric structure, and rotational angular momentum. We report results from Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 near-infrared time-series spectroscopic observations of three companions with masses in or near the planetary regime: VHS J125601.92-125723.9 b, GSC 6214-210 B, and ROXs 42 B b. VHS J1256-1257 b exhibits strong total intensity and spectral variability with a brightness difference of 19.3% between 1.1-1.7 $μ$m over 8.5 hours and even higher variability at the 24.7% level at 1.27 $μ$m. The light curve of VHS J1256-1257 b continues to rise at the end of the observing sequence so these values represent lower limits on the full variability amplitude at this epoch. This observed variability rivals (and may surpass) the most variable brown dwarf currently known, 2MASS J21392676+0220226. The implied rotation period of VHS J1256-1257 b is $\approx$21-24 hr assuming sinusoidal modulations, which is unusually long for substellar objects. No significant variability is evident in the light curves of GSC 6214-210 B ($
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters
Single chain structure in thin polymer films: Corrections to Flory's and Silberberg's hypotheses
Creators: name: Cavallo, A.
name: Müller, M.
name: Wittmer, J. P.
name: Johner, A.
name: Binder, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conformational properties of polymer melts confined between two hard structureless walls are investigated by Monte Carlo simulation of the bond-fluctuation model. Parallel and perpendicular components of chain extension, bond-bond correlation function and structure factor are computed and compared with recent theoretical approaches attempting to go beyond Flory's and Silberberg's hypotheses. We demonstrate that for ultrathin films where the thickness, $H$, is smaller than the excluded volume screening length (blob size), $ξ$, the chain size parallel to the walls diverges logarithmically, $R^2/2N \approx b^2 + c \log(N)$ with $c \sim 1/H$. The corresponding bond-bond correlation function decreases like a power law, $C(s) = d/s^ω$ with $s$ being the curvilinear distance between bonds and $ω=1$. % Upon increasing the film thickness, $H$, we find -- in contrast to Flory's hypothesis -- the bulk exponent $ω=3/2$ and, more importantly, an {\em decreasing} $d(H)$ that gives direct evidence for an {\em enhanced} self-interaction of chain segments reflected at the walls. Systematic deviations from the Kratky plateau as a function of $H$ are found for the single chain form factor parallel to the walls in agreement with the {\em non-monotonous} behaviour predicted by theory. This structure in the Kratky plateau might give rise to an erroneous estimation of the chain extension from scattering experiments. For large $H$ the deviations are linear with the wave vector, $q$, but are very weak. In contrast, for ultrathin films, $H
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. Dedicated to L. Sch\"afer on the occasion of his 60th birthday
The S1 domains of Escherichia coli mRNA degradation
Creators: name: Edge, Robert Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The S1 domain is a recurring theme in the enzymes of mRNA decay in Escherichia coli, occurring in polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), ribonuclease II (RNase II), ribonuclease E (RNase E) and ribonuclease G (RNase G). This thesis focuses on the function of the S1 domain of PNPase and RNase E. In the former, the hypothesis examined was that the domain provides an RNA -substrate contact that imparts processive phosphorylysis to the enzyme. Results show that PNPase lacking this domain still possesses catalytic activity, although at an extremely reduced rate, but appears to retain processive phosphorylysis of RNA substrates. In addition, the isolated PNPase domain has a Kd for RNA that is very high, suggesting that this domain may not play a role in the interactions between PNPase and its substrate. The S1 domain of RNase E was studied as an isolated domain. NMR experiments conducted by Dr. Mario Schubert revealed the solution structure of this isolated domain as well as potential dimerization contacts and identified residues implicated in nucleic acid interaction. Crosslinking data confirmed the dimerization of this domain. CD spectroscopy showed that a classical temperature -sensitive mutation in this domain alters its structure. The work on the RNase E S1 domain also tested the hypothesis that the domain confers the preference of RNase E for monophosphorylated substrates. The data suggest that this domain indeed binds to RNA (Kd 2 μM to 5 μM); however, it displays no increased affinity for differentially phosphorylated RNAs or detectable sequence specificity.
NAFTA: Outcomes, Challenges and Prospects
Creators: name: Jotanovic, Aleksandar
name: Gilmour, Brad
name: Jotanovic, Aleksandar
name: Gilmour, Brad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: NAFTA
subject: agricultural policy
subject: trade disputes
subject: COOL
subject: security measures

description: As the remaining agriculture-related NAFTA clauses became fully implemented on January 1st, 2008, there is much evidence of the Agreement’s benefits to all three members in the forms of the agricultural trade expansion within the region and the growth of foreign direct investments in members’ agri-food value chains. Better coordination would help the three governments to successfully address ongoing challenges such as trade disputes, security measures and animal health diseases. It would also help their economies and the agricultural sectors to continue capitalizing on opportunities that freer trade offers.
Spin waves in a band ferromagnet: spin-rotationally symmetric study with self-energy and vertex corrections
Creators: name: Singh, Avinash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-order quantum corrections to the transverse spin-fluctuation propagator are obtained within a systematic inverse-degeneracy 1/N expansion, which provides a spin-rotationally symmetric scheme for including self-energy and vertex corrections while preserving the Goldstone mode. An expression is obtained for the spin-wave stiffness constant including all first-order quantum corrections, and the dominant contribution is shown to yield a strong reduction due to a correlation-induced enhancement in the exchange-energy gain upon spin twisting. The quantum reduction factor U/W highlights the subtlety in the characteristic competition in a band ferromagnet between interaction U and bandwidth W. Quantum corrections also yield an intrinsic spin-wave damping mechanism due to coupling between spin and charge fluctuations.
description: published version, 12 pages, 1 figure
TROLLEY LEGENDS: MORAL TRIAL AND DECISION MAKING
Creators: name: Morandin-Ahuerma, Fabio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: I argue in this article that we are not consistent utilitarians at all times, nor irrational dogmatic deontologists, rather, a mixture of utilitarianism and deontologism that depends on a series of factors undiscovered or convincingly explained both epigenetic, evolutionary, as educational, axiological, psychological learned, conscious and unconscious in decision making. I also argue that decision making is not the same as constructing moral judgment. The second does not always lead to the first. I can have a trial, but not necessarily act accordingly.
Effective Field Theory for Acoustic and Pseudo-Acoustic Phonons in Solids
Creators: name: Esposito, Angelo
name: Geoffray, Emma
name: Melia, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a relativistic effective field theory for the interaction between acoustic and gapped phonons in the limit of a small gap. We show that, while the former are the Goldstone modes associated with the spontaneous breaking of spacetime symmetries, the latter are pseudo-Goldstones associated with some (small) explicit breaking. We hence dub them "pseudo-acoustic" phonons. In this first investigation, we build our effective theory for the cases of one and two spatial dimensions, two atomic species, and assuming large distance isotropy. As an illustrative example, we show how the theory can be applied to compute the total lifetime of both acoustic and pseudo-acoustic phonons. This construction can find applications that range from the physics of bilayer graphene to sub-GeV dark matter detectors.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
The origin and evolution of cluster magnetism
Creators: name: Shukurov, A.
name: Subramanian, K.
name: Haugen, N. E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random motions can occur in the intergalactic gas of galaxy clusters at all stages of their evolution. Depending on the poorly known value of the Reynolds number, these motions can or cannot become turbulent, but in any case they can generate random magnetic fields via dynamo action. We argue that magnetic fields inferred observationally for the intracluster medium require dynamo action, and then estimate parameters of random flows and magnetic fields at various stages of the cluster evolution. Polarization in cluster radio halos predicted by the model would be detectable with the SKA.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to be published by Astronomische Nachrichten (proceedings of "The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Magnetism", 29 August - 2 September 2005, Bologna, Italy); version updated to match the accepted text
Green's functions perspective on nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open quantum systems strongly coupled to baths
Creators: name: Bergmann, Nicolas
name: Galperin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) perspective on thermodynamics formulations for open quantum systems strongly coupled to baths. Scattering approach implying thermodynamic consideration of a super-system (system plus baths) weakly coupled to external super-baths is compared with consideration of thermodynamics of a system strongly coupled to its baths. We analyze both approaches from the NEGF perspective and argue that the latter yields a possibility of thermodynamic formulation consistent with dynamical (quantum transport) description.
description: 6 pages