cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coalescent-based method for learning parameters of admixture events from large-scale genetic variation data.
Creators: name: Ming-Chi  Tsai
name: Blelloch, Guy E.
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Schwartz, Russell
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Detecting and quantifying the timing and the genetic contributions of parental populations to a hybrid population is an important but challenging problem in reconstructing evolutionary histories from genetic variation data. With the advent of high throughput genotyping technologies, new methods suitable for large-scale data are especially needed. Furthermore, existing methods typically assume the assignment of individuals into subpopulations is known, when that itself is a difficult problem often unresolved for real data. Here, we propose a novel method that combines prior work for inferring non reticulate population structures with an MCMC scheme for sampling over admixture scenarios to both identify population assignments and learn divergence times and admixture proportions for those populations using genome-scale admixed genetic variation data. We validated our method using coalescent simulations and a collection of real bovine and human variation data. On simulated sequences, our methods show better accuracy and faster run time than leading competitive methods in estimating admixture fractions and divergence times. Analysis on the real data further shows our methods to be effective at matching our best current knowledge about the relevant populations.
Categorical representation theory and the coarse quotient
Creators: name: Gannon, Thomas
name: 0000-0002-7318-730X
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Categorical
Representation
Coarse
Quotient
Higher categories

description: We show that a localized version of the 2-category of all categories with an action of a reductive group is equivalent to the 2-category of categories with an action of sheaves on a space defined only using the data of the Weyl group action on a maximal torus. As an application of our methods, we upgrade the equivalence of [54] and [78], which identifies the category of bi-Whittaker D-modules on a reductive group with the category of W [superscript aff]-equivariant sheaves on a maximal Cartan subalgebra which satisfy Coxter descent, to a monoidal equivalence (which equips the bi-Whittaker category with a symmetric monoidal structure), and compute a restriction on the essential image of parabolic restriction of very central adjoint equivariant sheaves, providing evidence for a conjecture of [9] on the essential image of enhanced parabolic restriction. Along the way, we develop a 'pointwise' criterion for a W-equivariant sheaf on a maximal Cartan of a semisimple Lie algebra to descend to a sheaf on the coarse quotient, and use this to reprove a result of Lonergan which states that such a sheaf descends to the coarse quotient of a maximal Cartan by the Weyl group if and only if for any simple reflection the sheaf descends to the coarse quotient of a maximal Cartan by the order two subgroup generated by that reflection.
A hybrid micro-macroevolutionary approach to gene tree reconstruction.
Creators: name: Durand, Dannie
name: Halldórsson, Bjarni V.
name: Vernot, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gene family evolution is determined by microevolutionary processes (e.g., point mutations) and macroevolutionary processes (e.g., gene duplication and loss), yet macroevolutionary considerations are rarely incorporated into gene phylogeny reconstruction methods. We present a dynamic program to find the most parsimonious gene family tree with respect to a macroevolutionary optimization criterion, the weighted sum of the number of gene duplications and losses. The existence of a polynomial delay algorithm for duplication/loss phylogeny reconstruction stands in contrast to most formulations of phylogeny reconstruction, which are NP-complete. We next extend this result to obtain a two-phase method for gene tree reconstruction that takes both micro- and macroevolution into account. In the first phase, a gene tree is constructed from sequence data, using any of the previously known algorithms for gene phylogeny construction. In the second phase, the tree is refined by rearranging regions of the tree that do not have strong support in the sequence data to minimize the duplication/lost cost. Components of the tree with strong support are left intact. This hybrid approach incorporates both micro- and macroevolutionary considerations, yet its computational requirements are modest in practice because the two-phase approach constrains the search space. Our hybrid algorithm can also be used to resolve nonbinary nodes in a multifurcating gene tree. We have implemented these algorithms in a software tool, NOTUNG 2.0, that can be used as a unified framework for gene tree reconstruction or as an exploratory analysis tool that can be applied post hoc to any rooted tree with bootstrap values. The NOTUNG 2.0 graphical user interface can be used to visualize alternate duplication/loss histories, root trees according to duplication and loss parsimony, manipulate and annotate gene trees, and estimate gene duplication times. It also offers a command line option that enables high-throughput analysis of a large number of trees.
Stacking dependence of carrier-interactions in multilayer graphene systems
Creators: name: Jang, Yunsu
name: Hwang, E. H.
name: MacDonald, A. H.
name: Min, Hongki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify qualitative trends in the stacking sequence dependence of carrier-carrier interaction phenomena in multilayer graphene. Our theory is based on a new approach which explicitly exhibits the important role in interaction phenomena of the momentum-direction dependent intersite phases determined by the stacking sequence. Using this method, we calculate and compare the self-energies, density--density response functions, collective modes, and ground-state energies of several different few layer graphene systems. The influence of electron--electron interactions on important electronic properties can be understood in terms of competition between intraband exchange, interband exchange and correlation contributions that vary systematically with stacking arrangement.
Testing the isotropy of the Universe by using the JLA compilation of type-Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Wang, Sai
name: Chang, Zhe
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the possible anisotropy of the Universe by using the JLA compilation of type-Ia supernovae. We apply the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to constrain the amplitude and direction of anisotropy in three cosmological models. For the dipole-modulated $Λ$CDM model, the anisotropic amplitude is consistent with zero at $68\%$ C.L., and has an upper bound $A_D<1.98\times10^{-3}$ at $95\%$ C.L. Regardless of much larger uncertainty, we find the dipole direction of JLA is amazingly opposite to that of Union2. Similar results are found for the dipole-modulated $w$CDM and CPL models. Thus, the Universe is still well consistent with the isotropy according to the JLA compilation.
description: 5 pages, twocolumns. 1 table, 4 figures. Major revisions. Accepted by MNRAS. Thanks for useful comments and suggestions from Prof. Perivolaropoulos
Search strategy.docx
Creators: name: Yugsi Artos, Steven Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The Capgras syndrome is a rare psychotic disorder characterized by the delusional belief that one or more familiar persons have been replaced by identical impostors. The syndrome is usually associated with other neuropsychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, dementia, or brain injury. The exact causes and mechanisms of the Capgras syndrome are not fully understood, but some hypotheses suggest that it involves a disruption of the neural pathways that link facial recognition with emotional processing. Pharmacological treatment of Capgras syndrome is based on the underlying diagnosis and the severity of the symptoms. Antipsychotic drugs, such as haloperidol, risperidone, or olanzapine, are often prescribed to reduce delusions and hallucinations. Antidepressants, such as fluoxetine or sertraline, may also be helpful in some cases. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam or lorazepam, can be used to manage anxiety and agitation. However, pharmacological treatment alone may not be sufficient to resolve the Capgras syndrome, and psychotherapy or cognitive rehabilitation may also be needed to address the emotional and cognitive aspects of the disorder.
Changes in the mitochondrial proteome from mouse hearts deficient in creatine kinase.
Creators: name: Kernec, Florence
name: Unlu, Mustafa
name: Labeikovsky, Wladimir
name: Minden, Jonathan
name: Koretsky, Alan P.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Creatine kinase (CK) is an abundant enzyme, important for maintenance of high-energy phosphate homeostasis in many tissues including heart. Double-knockout CK (DbKO-CK) mice missing both the muscle (MM) and sarcomeric mitochondrial (ScMit) isoforms of CK have recently been studied. Despite a large change in skeletal muscle function in DbKO-CK mice, there is little functional change in the heart. To investigate whether there are specific changes in cardiac mitochondrial proteins associated with the loss of MM- and ScMit-CK isoforms, we have used difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) to compare mitochondrial proteins from wild-type and DbKO-CK mice. Mass spectrometry fingerprinting was used to identify 40 spots as known mitochondrial proteins. We have discovered that the loss of MM- and ScMit-CK isoforms did not cause large scale changes in heart mitochondrial proteins. The loss of ScMit-CK was readily detected in the DbKO-CK samples. We have also detected a large decrease in the precursor form of aconitase. Furthermore, two mitochondrial protein differences have been found in the parent mouse strains of the DbKO-CK mice.
title: Secure care pathway and standards : co-production process and implementation plans
Creators: name: Sullivan, Paul
name: Logan, Beth-Anne
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2021

description: The development of the Secure Care Pathway and Standards sets out, for the first time, national standards of what support children and young people in Scotland should expect when in, or on the edges of, secure care. Launched in October 2020, the Standards seek to ensure support is provided before, during and after a stay in secure care and that the rights of children and young people, often facing extreme vulnerabilities and risks in their lives, are respected. When implemented, the Standards will deliver a consistent, unified approach to caring for vulnerable children in all council areas, and to all children placed in secure care in Scotland. Crucially, the Standards were developed using co-production methods alongside children and young people. This article describes some of the elements of that process, as well as the impact that the new Standards will have on young people's lives in Scotland.
ICHKI AUDIT XIZMATI FAOLIYATINING TASHKILIY XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Ermatov, Azamat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Tashkilotning ichki auditining samarali faoliyatining shartlaridan biri bu ish sifatini ta'minlaydigan va tekshiruvlar xarajatlarini kamaytiradigan standartlarning mavjudligi. Biroq, me'yoriy hujjatlar talablaridan kelib chiqqan holda, ma'lum bir tashkilot ichidagi ichki auditorlarning faoliyati auditga bo'ysunadigan obektlarning har bir darajasida muammolarni tor ko'rishning xolisligi va xavfini istisno qilish uchun batafsil qoidalar asosida amalga oshirilishi kerak.
Design and validation of a supragenome array for determination of the genomic content of Haemophilus influenzae isolates.
Creators: name: Eutsey, Rory A.
name: Hiller, Natalia
name: Earl, Joshua P.
name: Janto, Benjamin A.
name: Dahlgren, Margaret E.
name: Ahmed, Azad
name: Powell, Evan
name: Schultz, Matthew P.
name: Gilsdorf, Janet R.
name: Lixin  Zhang
name: Smith, Arnold
name: Murphy, Timothy F.
name: Sethi, Sanjay
name: Shen, Kai
name: J. Christopher  Post
name: Hu, Fen Z.
name: Ehrlich, Garth D.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: BACKGROUND: Haemophilus influenzae colonizes the human nasopharynx as a commensal, and is etiologically associated with numerous opportunistic infections of the airway; it is also less commonly associated with invasive disease. Clinical isolates of H. influenzae display extensive genomic diversity and plasticity. The development of strategies to successfully prevent, diagnose and treat H. influenzae infections depends on tools to ascertain the gene content of individual isolates.
RESULTS: We describe and validate a Haemophilus influenzae supragenome hybridization (SGH) array that can be used to characterize the full genic complement of any strain within the species, as well as strains from several highly related species. The array contains 31,307 probes that collectively cover essentially all alleles of the 2890 gene clusters identified from the whole genome sequencing of 24 clinical H. influenzae strains. The finite supragenome model predicts that these data include greater than 85% of all non-rare genes (where rare genes are defined as those present in less than 10% of sequenced strains). The veracity of the array was tested by comparing the whole genome sequences of eight strains with their hybridization data obtained using the supragenome array. The array predictions were correct and reproducible for ~ 98% of the gene content of all of the sequenced strains. This technology was then applied to an investigation of the gene content of 193 geographically and clinically diverse H. influenzae clinical strains. These strains came from multiple locations from five different continents and Papua New Guinea and include isolates from: the middle ears of persons with otitis media and otorrhea; lung aspirates and sputum samples from pneumonia and COPD patients, blood specimens from patients with sepsis; cerebrospinal fluid from patients with meningitis, as well as from pharyngeal specimens from healthy persons.
CONCLUSIONS: These analyses provided the most comprehensive and detailed genomic/phylogenetic look at this species to date, and identified a subset of highly divergent strains that form a separate lineage within the species. This array provides a cost-effective and high-throughput tool to determine the gene content of any H. influenzae isolate or lineage. Furthermore, the method for probe selection can be applied to any species, given a group of available whole genome sequences.
Temperature-dependent and anisotropic optical response of layered Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{1.5}$MnO$_{4}$ probed by spectroscopic ellipsometry
Creators: name: Majidi, M. A.
name: Thoeng, E.
name: Gogoi, P. K.
name: Wendt, F.
name: Wang, S. H.
name: Santoso, I.
name: Asmara, T. C.
name: Handayani, I. P.
name: van Loosdrecht, P. H. M.
name: Nugroho, A. A.
name: Rübhausen, M.
name: Rusydi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temperature dependence as well as anisotropy of optical conductivity ($σ_1$) in the pseudocubic single crystal Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{1.5}$MnO$_{4}$ using spectrocopic ellipsometry. Three transition temperatures are observed and can be linked to charge-orbital ($T_{\rm CO/OO}$ $\sim$ 320 K), two-dimensional-antiferromagnetic (2D-AFM) ($\sim$ 200 K), and three-dimensional AFM ($T_{\rm N} \sim$ 125 K) orderings. Below $T_{\rm CO/OO}$, $σ_1$ shows a charge ordering peak ($\sim$0.8 eV) with a significant blue shift as the temperature decreases. Calculations based on a model that incorporates a static Jahn-Teller distortion and assumes the existence of a local charge imbalance between two different sublattices support this assignment and explain the blue shift. This view is further supported by the partial spectral weight analysis showing the onset of optical anisotropy at $T_{\rm CO/OO}$ in the charge-ordering region ($0.5-2.5$ eV). Interestingly, in the charge-transfer region ($2.5-4$ eV), the spectral weight shows anomalies around the $T_{\rm 2D-AFM}$ that we attribute to the role of oxygen-$p$ orbitals in stabilizing the CE-type magnetic ordering. Our result shows the importance of spin, charge, and lattice degrees of freedom in this layered manganite.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
title: Child sexual exploitation : considerations for those who care
Creators: name: Giordano, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2021

description: Children who are in residential care are especially vulnerable for becoming prey to child sexual exploitation due to a number of different factors they have experienced throughout their lives. Due to the changing nature of exploitation, it may be notoriously difficult to identify and intervene. In the past decade, new policy and literature examines risk assessment toolkits and intervention strategies that are helpful for those working directly with looked after children.
Mixed-variational formulation for phononic band-structure calculation of arbitrary unit cells
Creators: name: Srivastava, Ankit
name: Nemat-Nasser, Sia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents phononic band-structure calculation results obtained using a mixed variational formulation for 1-, and 2-dimensional unit cells. The formulation itself is presented in a form which is equally applicable to 3-dimensiomal cases. It has been established that the mixed-variational formulation presented in this paper shows faster convergence with considerably greater accuracy than variational principles based purely on the displacement field, especially for problems involving unit cells with discontinuous constituent properties. However, the application of this formulation has been limited to fairly simple unit cells. In this paper we have extended the scope of the formulation by employing numerical integration techniques making it applicable for the evaluation of the phononic band-structure of unit cells displaying arbitrary complexity in their Bravais structure and in the shape, size, number, and anisotropicity of their micro-constituents. The approach is demonstrated through specific examples
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1310.6380
Visual target detection under multiple dimensions of uncertainty
Creators: name: Oluk, Can
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Visual perception
Target detection
Uncertainty
Ideal observer
Bayesian modeling

description: Detection of visual targets is integral to survival and everyday functioning. In the real world, the visual system operates under very high levels of extrinsic uncertainty (multiple simultaneous dimensions of uncertainty) about target and background properties. However, the previous literature is primarily concerned with the effect of low and modest levels of uncertainty (only a single dimension of uncertainty) on human performance. This thesis aims to measure and model human performance under multiple simultaneous dimensions of uncertainty. I primarily focus on the detection of additive targets in white noise. First, human performance was measured under simultaneous target amplitude, and background contrast uncertainty for target prior probabilities of 0.5 and 0.2. I simulated and tested three model observers. The ideal observer, which has a dynamic decision criterion, can be approximated with a contrast normalized template-matching (NTM) observer with a single criterion. Maximum-likelihood fits revealed that the NTM and the dynamic-decision-criterion observer predict human performance much better than a template-matching (TM) observer with a single criterion. The same results were also found for natural backgrounds. The results reveal the value contrast normalization under real-world conditions where target priors are low. Secondly, human performance was measured under simultaneous target scale and target orientation uncertainty. I also describe an efficient simulation method. Simulations revealed that the maximum-template-response (MAX) observer only approximates the ideal observer when template responses are normalized by the energy of templates (ENM observer). Maximum likelihood fits reveal the ENM and the ideal observer explain human performance much better than the simple MAX observer. Furthermore, human performance was also measured under low uncertainty. I found that humans are more efficient under high uncertainty. The efficiency difference can be accounted for by incorporating intrinsic position uncertainty into the model observers. The results reveal the value of energy normalization and the importance of intrinsic uncertainties for understanding the visual detection under various levels of uncertainty. This thesis provided insights into visual processing under uncertainty. It exemplifies the fruitfulness of studying detection under simultaneous multiple dimensions of uncertainty, within a principled framework. The methods developed in this this should be useful in future experiments.
Generalized universal instability: Transient linear amplification and subcritical turbulence
Creators: name: Landreman, Matt
name: Plunk, Gabriel G.
name: Dorland, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we numerically demonstrate both significant transient (i.e. non-modal) linear amplification and sustained nonlinear turbulence in a kinetic plasma system with no unstable eigenmodes. The particular system considered is an electrostatic plasma slab with magnetic shear, kinetic electrons and ions, weak collisions, and a density gradient, but with no temperature gradient. In contrast to hydrodynamic examples of non-modal growth and subcritical turbulence, here there is no sheared flow in the equilibrium. Significant transient linear amplification is found when the magnetic shear and collisionality are weak. It is also demonstrated that nonlinear turbulence can be sustained if initialized at sufficient amplitude. We prove these two phenomena are related: when sustained turbulence occurs without unstable eigenmodes, states that are typical of the turbulence must yield transient linear amplification of the gyrokinetic free energy.
Supplementary Figures 5 and 10, Supplementary Tables 4-12, and genome-wide association study summary statistics for journal article: The interplay between inflammatory cytokines and cardiometabolic disease: evidence from Mendelian randomization
Creators: name: Karhunen, Ville
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Supplementary Figures 5 and 10, Supplementary Tables 4-12, and genome-wide association study summary statistics for journal article: "The interplay between inflammatory cytokines and cardiometabolic disease: evidence from Mendelian randomization"
title: Book review : Labours of Love: The Crisis of Care by Madeleine Bunting
Creators: name: Connelly, Graham
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2021

description: Journalist and broadcaster Madeleine Bunting spent five years researching what she calls a 'quiet crisis buried in individual lives' (p.5). The book's page proofs arrived with the author just after the UK had gone into lockdown because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Having written a book to shed light on work which is misunderstood, and marginalised, overnight care-work was featuring daily in news bulletins, and carers were being cheered and clapped from the doorsteps. Bunting's timing was perfect, but a book which examines 'the UK's precarious and overstretched health and social care systems' (p. vii) is long overdue.
A GALEX based search for the sparse young stellar population in the Taurus-Aurigae star forming region
Creators: name: de Castro, Ana I. Gomez
name: López-Santiago, Javier
name: López-Martínez, Fátima
name: Sánchez, Néstor
name: Sestito, Paola
name: de Castro, Elisa
name: Cornide, Manuel
name: Gestoso, Javier Yañez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85

description: In this work, we identify 63 bona fide new candidates to T Tauri stars (TTSs) in the Taurus-Auriga region using as baseline its ultraviolet excess. The initial data set has been defined from the GALEX all sky survey (AIS). The GALEX satellite obtained images in the near ultraviolet (NUV) and far ultraviolet (FUV) bands where the TTSs show a prominent excess, compared with main sequence or giants stars. GALEX AIS surveyed the Taurus-Auriga molecular complex, as well as, a fraction of the California Nebula and the Perseus complex; bright sources and the dark clouds themselves are avoided. The properties of the TTSs in the ultraviolet (GALEX), optical (UCAC4) and infrared (2MASS) have been defined using as qualification sample the TTSs observed with the International Ultraviolet Explorer. The candidates have been identified by means of a mixed ultraviolet-optical-infrared excess set of colors; it is found that the color-color diagram FUV-NUV versus J-K is ideally suited for this purpose. From an initial sample of 163,313 bona-fide NUV sources, a final list with 63 new candidates to TTSs in the region has been produced. The search procedure has been validated by its ability to detect all known TTSs in the area surveyed: 31 TTSs. Also, it is shown that the weak-lined TTSs are located in a well defined stripe in the FUV-NUV versus J-K diagram. Moreover, we provide in this work a list of TTSs photometric standards for future GALEX-based studies of the young stellar population in star forming regions.
description: Astrophysical Journal Supp. Series, accepted (Dec 3rd 2014)
Measurements of $W^{+}W^{-}$ production in decay topologies inspired by searches for electroweak supersymmetry
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: p p: colliding beams
W: pair production
transverse momentum: missing-energy
mass: transverse
mass spectrum: (electron muon)
quantum chromodynamics: perturbation theory
p p: scattering
electroweak interaction
CERN LHC Coll
channel cross section: measured
differential cross section: measured
rapidity dependence
angular dependence
transverse momentum dependence
mass dependence
dilepton: final state
muon
acceptance
background
electron
suppression
ATLAS
topology
experimental results
13000 GeV-cms

description: This paper presents a measurement of fiducial and differential cross-sections for $W^{+}W^{-}$ production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139~fb$^{-1}$. Events with exactly one electron, one muon and no hadronic jets are studied. The fiducial region in which the measurements are performed is inspired by searches for the electroweak production of supersymmetric charginos decaying to two-lepton final states. The selected events have moderate values of missing transverse momentum and the 'stransverse mass' variable $m_{\textrm{T2}}$, which is widely used in searches for supersymmetry at the LHC. The ranges of these variables are chosen so that the acceptance is enhanced for direct $W^{+}W^{-}$ production and suppressed for production via top quarks, which is treated as a background. The fiducial cross-section and particle-level differential cross-sections for six variables are measured and compared with two theoretical SM predictions from perturbative QCD calculations.
Developmental expression of transcription factor genes in a demosponge: insights into the origin of metazoan multicellularity.
Creators: name: Larroux, Claire
name: Fahey, Bryony
name: Liubicich, Danielle
name: Hinman, Veronica F.
name: Gauthier, Marie
name: Gongora, Milena
name: Green, Kathryn
name: Wörheide, Gert
name: Leys, Sally P.
name: Degnan, Bernard M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Demosponges are considered part of the most basal evolutionary lineage in the animal kingdom. Although the sponge body plan fundamentally differs from that of other metazoans, their development includes many of the hallmarks of bilaterian and eumetazoan embryogenesis, namely fertilization followed by a period of cell division yielding distinct cell populations, which through a gastrulation-like process become allocated into different cell layers and patterned within these layers. These observations suggest that the last common ancestor (LCA) to all living animals was developmentally more sophisticated than is widely appreciated and used asymmetric cell division and morphogen gradients to establish localized populations of specified cells within the embryo. Here we demonstrate that members of a range of transcription factor gene classes, many of which appear to be metazoan-specific, are expressed during the development of the demosponge Reniera, including ANTP, Pax, POU, LIM-HD, Sox, nuclear receptor, Fox (forkhead), T-box, Mef2, and Ets genes. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes suggests that not only the origin but the diversification of some of the major developmental metazoan transcription factor classes took place before sponges diverged from the rest of the Metazoa. Their expression during demosponge development suggests that, as in today's sophisticated metazoans, these genes may have functioned in the regulatory network of the metazoan LCA to control cell specification and regionalized gene expression during embryogenesis.
Quadratic Multi-Dimensional Signaling Games and Affine Equilibria
Creators: name: Sarıtaş, Serkan
name: Yüksel, Serdar
name: Gezici, Sinan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the decentralized quadratic cheap talk and signaling game problems when an encoder and a decoder, viewed as two decision makers, have misaligned objective functions. The main contributions of this study are the extension of Crawford and Sobel's cheap talk formulation to multi-dimensional sources and to noisy channel setups. We consider both (simultaneous) Nash equilibria and (sequential) Stackelberg equilibria. We show that for arbitrary scalar sources, in the presence of misalignment, the quantized nature of all equilibrium policies holds for Nash equilibria in the sense that all Nash equilibria are equivalent to those achieved by quantized encoder policies. On the other hand, all Stackelberg equilibria policies are fully informative. For multi-dimensional setups, unlike the scalar case, Nash equilibrium policies may be of non-quantized nature, and even linear. In the noisy setup, a Gaussian source is to be transmitted over an additive Gaussian channel. The goals of the encoder and the decoder are misaligned by a bias term and encoder's cost also includes a penalty term on signal power. Conditions for the existence of affine Nash equilibria as well as general informative equilibria are presented. For the noisy setup, the only Stackelberg equilibrium is the linear equilibrium when the variables are scalar. Our findings provide further conditions on when affine policies may be optimal in decentralized multi-criteria control problems and lead to conditions for the presence of active information transmission in strategic environments.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Rating alternatives from pairwise comparisons by solving tropical optimization problems
Creators: name: Krivulin, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 65K10 (Primary), 15A80, 41A50, 90B50, 91B08 (Secondary)

description: We consider problems of rating alternatives based on their pairwise comparison under various assumptions, including constraints on the final scores of alternatives. The problems are formulated in the framework of tropical mathematics to approximate pairwise comparison matrices by reciprocal matrices of unit rank, and written in a common form for both multiplicative and additive comparison scales. To solve the unconstrained and constrained approximation problems, we apply recent results in tropical optimization, which provide new complete direct solutions given in a compact vector form. These solutions extend known results and involve less computational effort. As an illustration, numerical examples of rating alternatives are presented.
description: 16 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1503.04003
ANTICIPATING THE INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPLORING ADOPTION MODELS AND PREDICTING ITS FUTURE IN MOROCCAN UNIVERSITIES
Creators: name: TAMER HIND
name: KNIDIRI ZAKARIA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence, Attitude, Behavioral Intention, UTAUT2, Morocco.

description: Abstract 
Purpose: The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in many fields has shown how modern technological advances are being introduced y into the educational process of higher education institutions. In the current context, some educational institutions have exploited AI to interact with students and optimize their learning by tracking their progress (Wang, & al., 2018; Yang, 2022; Kaklauskas, 2015). This article defines artificial intelligence as an educational technology and studies this process to anticipate the future nature of the higher education system in the world, where AI becomes a part of the structure of not only higher education, but society as a whole. The objective of this study is to predict how teachers might adopt it in Moroccan universities. To do this, we drew on many adoption models and theories, including the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), To explain professor's attitudes and behavioral intent toward the use of artificial intelligence in higher education Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted among Moroccan higher education professors to assess attitudes and behavioral intention towards the use of artificial intelligence in the education process. The questionnaire was administered online only and 98 responses were received in a 40-day period, from March 3, 2022 to April 9, 2022, using Google Forms as a medium. We adopted the structural equation modeling technique based on partial least squares (PLS-SEM) to analyze the relationship between the latent variables: perceived risk, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, behavioral intention. To this end, SmartPLS 3.0 software was used to create path diagrams and calculate the significance of factor loadings using the bootstrap technique. Findings – The main results indicate that effort expectancy and performance expectancy have a positive impact on attitude. And attitude with facilitating conditions have a positive impact on behavioral intention towards the use of artificial intelligence by higher education teachers in Morocco. Overall, the model, proved to be a better model to explain the antecedents of attitude and intention of use. In addition to the risk has no effect on the attitude towards the use of artificial intelligence by university professors. Originality/value – To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt of its kind to assess the role of perceived risk in examining the antecedents of attitude toward the adoption of artificial intelligence within a UTAUT model. This study examined the antecedents of attitude and behavioral intention to use artificial intelligence applications by higher education professors in the Moroccan context.
title: Agiles Performance Management System zur Steigerung der Innovationsperformance am Beispiel der Bearingpoint Technology GmbH
Creators: name: Jost, Cornelia
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 658 Allgemeines Management

description: Unternehmen wollen langfristig erfolgreich sein. Dazu benötigen sie eine gute Innovationsperformance. Diese Innovationsperformance ist mehrheitlich nur vorhanden, wenn die Mitarbeiter die Innovationsziele und die Vision der Unternehmung miterreichen wollen. Oft erkennen Mitarbeiter keinen konkreten Zusammenhang zwischen ihren persönlichen Zielen und denen der Unternehmung. Dies gilt es zu verändern, in dem ein bereits bestehendes Performance Management System so angepasst wird, dass es sich in die Arbeitswelt der Mitarbeiter fließend integriert und ein Mittragen der Unternehmensziele erleichtert. Eine solche Anpassung ist durch das vorliegende Flugfisch-Verfahren möglich. Durch die Analyse des Umfelds des Mitarbeiters wird ein Gesamtbild, wie tatsächlich gearbeitet wird, erstellt. Zusätzlich wird ersichtlich was im Unternehmen gebraucht wird, um Innovationsperformance zu fördern. Gemeinsam mit den Mitarbeitern wird ein agiles Performance Management System neu gestaltet. Dieses verankert Unternehmensziele inklusive Innovationsziele zusammen mit der Vision bei den Mitarbeitern und integriert diese ins tägliche Arbeitsumfeld. Der Schlüssel zum Erfolg liegt darin, dass die Mitarbeiter direkt mitbestimmen können, was das Unternehmen konkret braucht, um die Unternehmensziele zu erreichen. Dieses Mitwirken gibt den Mitarbeitern Verantwortung und erzeugt Commitment zum Erreichen der Ziele. Das Umsetzen der Veränderung hin zum neuen agilen Performance Management System, erfolgt zielführend über einen Veränderungs-Canvas. So wird das Flugfisch-Verfahren erfolgreich in einem mittelständigen IT-Unternehmen angewandt und die damit verbundenen Erfahrungen geteilt.
Improper poisson line process as sirsn in any dimension
Creators: name: Kahn, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Aldous has introduced a notion of scale-invariant random spatial network (SIRSN) as a mathematical formalization of road networks. Intuitively, those are random processes that assign a route between each pair of points in Euclidean space, while being invariant under rotation, translation, and change of scale, and such that the routes are not too long and mainly on "main roads". The only known example was somewhat artificial since invariance had to be added at the end of the construction. We prove that the network of geodesics in the random metric space generated by a Poisson line process marked by speeds according to a power law is a SIRSN, in any dimension. Along the way, we establish bounds comparing Euclidean balls and balls for the random metric space. We also prove that in dimension more than two, the geodesics have "many directions" near each point where they are not straight.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOP1032 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Cell cycle dependence of protein subcellular location inferred from static, asynchronous images.
Creators: name: Taraz E. Buck
name: Rao, Arvind
name: Coelho, Luis Pedro
name: Fuhrman, Margaret H.
name: Jarvik, Jonathan
name: Berget, Peter B.
name: Murphy, Robert
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Protein subcellular location is one of the most important determinants of protein function during cellular processes. Changes in protein behavior during the cell cycle are expected to be involved in cellular reprogramming during disease and development, and there is therefore a critical need to understand cell-cycle dependent variation in protein localization which may be related to aberrant pathway activity. With this goal, it would be useful to have an automated method that can be applied on a proteomic scale to identify candidate proteins showing cell-cycle dependent variation of location. Fluorescence microscopy, and especially automated, high-throughput microscopy, can provide images for tens of thousands of fluorescently-tagged proteins for this purpose. Previous work on analysis of cell cycle variation has traditionally relied on obtaining time-series images over an entire cell cycle; these methods are not applicable to the single time point images that are much easier to obtain on a large scale. Hence a method that can infer cell cycle-dependence of proteins from asynchronous, static cell images would be preferable. In this work, we demonstrate such a method that can associate protein pattern variation in static images with cell cycle progression. We additionally show that a one-dimensional parameterization of cell cycle progression and protein feature pattern is sufficient to infer association between localization and cell cycle.
Ceramide kinase promotes Ca2+ signaling near IgG-opsonized targets and enhances phagolysosomal fusion in COS-1 cells.
Creators: name: Hinkovska-Galcheva, Vania
name: Clark, Andrea
name: VanWay, Susan
name: Ji-Biao  Huang
name: Hiraoka, Miki
name: Abe, Akira
name: Borofsky, Michael
name: Kunkel, Robin G.
name: Shanley, Thomas
name: Shayman, James A.
name: Lanni, Frederick
name: Petty, Howard R.
name: Boxer, Laurence A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) is a novel bioactive sphingolipid formed by the phosphorylation of ceramide catalyzed by ceramide kinase (CERK). In this study, we evaluated the mechanism by which increased C1P during phagocytosis enhances phagocytosis and phagolysosome formation in COS-1 cells expressing hCERK. Stable transfectants of COS-1 cells expressing FcgammaRIIA or both FcgammaRIIA/hCERK expression vectors were created. Cell fractionation studies demonstrated that hCERK and the transient receptor potential channel (TRPC-1) were enriched in caveolae fractions. Our data establish that both CERK and TRPC-1 localize to the caveolar microdomains during phagocytosis and that CERK also colocalizes with EIgG in FcgammaRIIA/hCERK-bearing COS-1 cells. Using high-speed fluorescence microscopy, FcgammaRIIA/hCERK transfected cells displayed Ca2+ sparks around the phagosome. In contrast, cells expressing FcgammaRIIA under identical conditions displayed little periphagosomal Ca2+ signaling. The enhanced Ca2+ signals were accompanied by enhanced phagolysosome formation. However, the addition of pharmacological reagents that inhibit store-operated channels (SOCs) reduced the phagocytic index and phagolysosomal fusion in hCERK transfected cells. The higher Ca2+ signal observed in hCERK transfected cells as well as the fact that CERK colocalized with EIgG during phagocytosis support our hypothesis that Ca2+ signaling is an important factor for increasing phagocytosis and is regulated by CERK in a manner that involves SOCs/TRPCs.
NJL model approach to diquarks and baryons in quark matter
Creators: name: Blaschke, D.
name: Dubinin, A.
name: Zablocki, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe baryons as quark-diquark bound states at finite temperature and density within the NJL model for chiral symmetry breaking and restoration in quark matter. Based on a generalized Beth-Uhlenbeck approach to mesons and diquarks we present in a first step the thermodynamics of quark-diquark matter which includes the Mott dissociation of diquarks at finite temperature. In a second step we solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the baryon as a quark-diquark bound state in quark-diquark matter. We obtain a stable, bound baryon even beyond the Mott temperature for diquark dissociation since the phase space occupation effect (Pauli blocking for quarks and Bose enhancement for diquarks) in the Bethe-Salpeter kernel for the nucleon approximately cancel so that the nucleon mass follows the in-medium behaviour of the quark and diquark masses towards chiral restoration. In this situation the baryon is obtained as a "borromean" three-quark state in medium because the two-particle state (diquark) is unbound while the three-particle state (baryon) is bound.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the XXII International Baldin Seminar on High Energy Physics Problems, 15-20 September 2014, JINR, Dubna, Russia
LESSING, EDUCATION AND THE ISLAMIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE
Creators: name: Mukhtorova, Maftuna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article intended to look at Lessing’s thoughts on education, literature, racism, and women’s rights and locate possible commonalities between them and certain facets of Islamic thought. As she is considered a humanist, a secular writer of great stature, the “grande dame” of British writing of her time, and handles explicit sexual relationships, a sense of remoteness and incomprehension is perhaps palpable in any attempt to discover an “Islamic Doris Lessing.”
Detection and quantification of beta2AR internalization in living cells using FAP-based biosensor technology.
Creators: name: Fisher, Gregory
name: Adler, Sally A.
name: Fuhrman, Margaret H.
name: Waggoner, Alan
name: Bruchez, Marcel
name: Jarvik, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ligand-dependent receptor internalization is a feature of numerous signaling systems. In this article, the authors describe a new kind of live-cell biosensor of receptor internalization that takes advantage of fluorogen-activating protein (FAP) technology. Recombinant genes that express the human beta2 adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) with FAP domains at their extracellular N-termini were transduced into mammalian cells. Exposure of the cells to membrane-impermeant fluorogens led to a strong fluorescent signal from the cell surface. Agonist-dependent translocation of the receptor from the surface to the cell interior was readily observed and quantified by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry in a homogeneous format without wash or separation steps. The approach described here is generalizable to other receptors and cell surface proteins and is adaptable to a variety of fluorescence-based high-throughput screening platforms.