cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal-speed unitary quantum time evolutions and propagation of light with maximal degree of coherence
Creators: name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Ray, Shannon
name: Alsing, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is recognized that Grover arrived at his original quantum search algorithm inspired by his comprehension of the interference of classical waves originating from an array of antennas. It is also known that quantum-mechanical characterization of electromagnetic radiation is isomorphic to the treatment of the orientation of a spin-1/2 particle. In this paper, motivated by Grover's original intuition and starting from this mathematical equivalence, we present a quantitative link between the geometry of time-independent optimal-speed Hamiltonian evolutions on the Bloch sphere and the geometry of intensity-preserving propagation of light with maximal degree of coherence on the Poincaré sphere. Finally, identifying interference as the fundamental physical ingredient underlying both physical phenomena, we propose that our work can provide in retrospect a quantitative geometric background underlying Grover's powerful intuition.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
On the hitting probabilities of limsup random fractals
Creators: name: Hu, Zhang-nan
name: Cheng, Wen-Chiao
name: Li, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $A$ be a limsup random fractal with indices $γ_1, ~γ_2 ~$and $δ$ on $[0,1]^d$. We determine the hitting probability $\mathbb{P}(A\cap G)$ for any analytic set $G$ with the condition $(\star)$$\colon$ $\dim_{\rm H}(G)>γ_2+δ$, where $\dim_{\rm H}$ denotes the Hausdorff dimension. This extends the correspondence of Khoshnevisan, Peres and Xiao [10] by relaxing the condition that the probability $P_n$ of choosing each dyadic hyper-cube is homogeneous and $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\frac{\log_2P_n}{n}$ exists. We also present some counterexamples to show the Hausdorff dimension in condition $(\star)$ can not be replaced by the packing dimension.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 3 of Interannual variation of the Warm Arctic–Cold Eurasia pattern modulated by Ural blocking and the North Atlantic Oscillation under changing sea ice conditions
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiling
name: Sato, Tomonori
name: Li, Shixue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 3. Figure S3. Winter temperature change over the BKS and CEU in selected two groups.
Archaeological Documentation of the Remains of a Stone Building at Mõniste
Creators: name: Haak, Arvi
name: Veldi, Martti
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Archaeological Documentation of the Remains of a Stone Building at Mõniste
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
Archaeological Investigations of Lime and Tar Production Facilities in Kursi and Rannu Parishes
Creators: name: Tvauri, Andres
name: Saimre, Tanel
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Archaeological Investigations of Lime and Tar Production Facilities in Kursi and Rannu Parishes
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
Real-World Networks are Low-Dimensional: Theoretical and Practical Assessment
Creators: name: Friedrich, Tobias
name: Göbel, Andreas
name: Katzmann, Maximilian
name: Schiller, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting the dimensionality of graphs is a central topic in machine learning. While the problem has been tackled empirically as well as theoretically, existing methods have several drawbacks. On the one hand, empirical tools are computationally heavy and lack theoretical foundation. On the other hand, theoretical approaches do not apply to graphs with heterogeneous degree distributions, which is often the case for complex real-world networks.
 To address these drawbacks, we consider geometric inhomogeneous random graphs (GIRGs) as a random graph model, which captures a variety of properties observed in practice. Our first result shows that the clustering coefficient of GIRGs scales inverse exponentially with respect to the number of dimensions, when the latter is at most logarithmic in $n$. This gives a first theoretical explanation for the low dimensionality of real-world networks as observed by Almagro et al. in 2022. We further use these insights to derive a linear-time algorithm for determining the dimensionality of a given GIRG and prove that our algorithm returns the correct number of dimensions with high probability GIRG. Our algorithm bridges the gap between theory and practice, as it not only comes with a rigorous proof of correctness but also yields results comparable to that of prior empirical approaches, as indicated by our experiments on real-world instances.
Photon counting intensity interferometry in the blue at a 0.5 m telescope
Creators: name: Karl, Sebastian
name: Richter, Stefan
name: von Zanthier, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intensity interferometry is a re-emerging interferometry tool that alleviates some of the challenges of amplitude interferometry at the cost of reduced sensitivity. We demonstrate the feasibility of intensity interferometry with fast single photon counting detectors at small telescopes by utilising a telescope of diameter of merely $0.5$\,m. The entire measurement setup, including collimation, optical filtering, and two single photon detectors, is attached directly to the telescope without the use of optical fibres, facilitated by the large area of our single photon detectors. For digitisation and timing, we utilise a Time-To-Amplitude-Converter. Observing $α$ Lyrae (Vega) for a total exposure time of $32.4$\,h over the course of six nights, an auto-correlation signal with a contrast of $(9.5 \pm 2.7) \times 10^-3$ and a coherence time of $(0.34 \pm 0.12)$ ps at a SNR of 2.8 is measured. The result fits well to preceding laboratory tests as well as expectations calculated from the optical and electronic characteristics of our measurement setup. This measurement, to our knowledge, constitutes the first time that a bunching signal with starlight was measured in the B band with single photon counting detectors. Simultaneously, this is to date the stellar intensity interferometry measurement utilising the smallest telescope. Our successful measurement shows that intensity interferometry can be adopted not only at large scale facilities, but also at readily available and inexpensive smaller telescopes.
3d dualities with decoupled sectors and brane transitions
Creators: name: Kubo, Naotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exact relations among the sphere partition functions of three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ superconformal Chern-Simons theories with circular quiver diagrams. These relations suggest new dualities in gauge theories which are the products of circular quiver gauge theories and decoupled linear quiver gauge theories. The dualities can be interpreted as simple brane transitions in the Hanany-Witten brane construction in type IIB string theory. Interestingly, the brane transitions cannot be generated by the Hanany-Witten transition or the ${\rm SL}\left(2,\mathbb{Z}\right)$ transformation. Our results can be regarded as generalization and clarification of dualities implied from Weyl symmetries of quantum curves. To obtain the exact results, we employ the supersymmetric localization technique and the Fermi gas approach.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Archaeological Monitoring in Kuimetsa Medieval Manor Site and Paide Püha Risti Church
Creators: name: Kadakas, Villu
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Archaeological Monitoring in Kuimetsa Medieval Manor Site and Paide Püha Risti Church
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
Archaeological Fieldwork at Pärnu Medieval and Early Modern Fortifications from 2007 to 2009
Creators: name: Bernotas, Rivo
name: Kriiska, Aivar
name: Vunk, Aldur
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Archaeological Fieldwork at Pärnu Medieval and Early Modern Fortifications from 2007 to 2009
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
Fluxgate Gradiometry Survey in the Ruins of Karksi Castle and Palaeoenvironmental Analysis in its Hinterlands
Creators: name: Valk, Heiki
name: Pluskowski, Alexander
name: Thornley, David
name: Brown, Alexander
name: Summerfield, Chantel
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Fluxgate Gradiometry Survey in the Ruins of Karksi Castle and Palaeoenvironmental Analysis in its Hinterlands
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
Archaeological Excavations in the Counties of Harjumaa and Raplamaa.
Creators: name: Vedru, Gurly
name: Allmäe, Raili
name: Nigulas, Kadri
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Archaeological Excavations in the Counties of Harjumaa and Raplamaa.
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
Supplemental Material - Cross-National Analysis of the Associations Between Familism and Self-Efficacy in Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: Effects on Burden and Depression
Creators: name: Losada-Baltar, Andrés
name: Falzarano, Francesca B.
name: Hancock, David W.
name: Márquez-González, María
name: Pillemer, Karl
name: Huertas-Domingo, Cristina
name: Jiménez-Gonzalo, Lucía
name: Fernandes-Pires, José A.
name: Czaja, Sara J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Endocrinology
Geriatrics and Gerontology
Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental Material for Cross-National Analysis of the Associations Between Familism and Self-Efficacy in Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: Effects on Burden and Depression by Andrés Losada-Baltar, Francesca B. Falzarano, David W. Hancock, María Márquez-González, Karl Pillemer, Cristina Huertas-Domingo, Lucía Jiménez-Gonzalo, José A. Fernandes-Pires, and Sara J. Czaja in Journal of Aging and Health
Small Obstacle in a Large Polar Flock
Creators: name: Codina, Joan
name: Mahault, Benoît
name: Chaté, Hugues
name: Dobnikar, Jure
name: Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
name: Shi, Xia-qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that arbitrarily large polar flocks are susceptible to the presence of a single small obstacle. In a wide region of parameter space, the obstacle triggers counter-propagating dense bands leading to reversals of the flow. In very large systems, these bands interact yielding a never-ending chaotic dynamics that constitutes a new disordered phase of the system. While most of these results were obtained using simulations of aligning self-propelled particles, we find similar phenomena at the continuous level, not when considering the basic Toner-Tu hydrodynamic theory, but in simulations of truncations of the relevant Boltzmann equation.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary information. Movies available from authors on request
sj-pdf-1-jva-10.1177_11297298231186374 – Supplemental material for A content validity, reliability and quality analysis of peripheral intravenous catheterization videos on YouTube™
Creators: name: Özsaban, Aysel
name: Bayram, Aysun
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cardiology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jva-10.1177_11297298231186374 for A content validity, reliability and quality analysis of peripheral intravenous catheterization videos on YouTube™ by Aysel Özsaban and Aysun Bayram in The Journal of Vascular Access
Invariants and reduced Wigner coefficients for quasi-triangular Hopf superalgebras
Creators: name: Gould, Mark D.
name: Isaac, Phillip S.
name: Werry, Jason L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop explicit formulae for the eigenvalues of various invariants for highest weight irreducible representations of the quantum supergroup $U_q[gl(m|n)]$. The techniques employed make use of modified characteristic identity methods and allow for the evaluation of generator matrix elements and reduced Wigner coefficients.
description: 50 pages
Additional file 1 of A cost benefit analysis of a virtual overdose monitoring service/mobile overdose response service: the national overdose response service
Creators: name: Rioux, William
name: Enns, Benjamin
name: Jackson, Jennifer
name: Quereshi, Hena
name: Irvine, Mike
name: Ghosh, S. Monty
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Ergebnisse der archaologischen Ausgrabungen in Uugla
Creators: name: Mandel, Mati
name: Allmäe, Raili
Publisher: name: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis
Year: 2025

description: Ergebnisse der archaologischen Ausgrabungen in Uugla
description: Arheoloogilised Välitööd Eestis, 2008
sj-docx-2-naa-10.1177_01976931231193051 - Supplemental material for Chronology construction in the borderlands: Bayesian modelling of Potomac Valley settlement histories
Creators: name: Gallivan, Martin
name: Henshaw, John
name: Borden, Matthew
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-naa-10.1177_01976931231193051 for Chronology construction in the borderlands: Bayesian modelling of Potomac Valley settlement histories by Martin Gallivan, John Henshaw and Matthew Borden in North American Archaeologist
Forensic Analysis of Synthetically Generated Western Blot Images
Creators: name: Mandelli, Sara
name: Cozzolino, Davide
name: Cannas, Edoardo D.
name: Cardenuto, Joao P.
name: Moreira, Daniel
name: Bestagini, Paolo
name: Scheirer, Walter J.
name: Rocha, Anderson
name: Verdoliva, Luisa
name: Tubaro, Stefano
name: Delp, Edward J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The widespread diffusion of synthetically generated content is a serious threat that needs urgent countermeasures. As a matter of fact, the generation of synthetic content is not restricted to multimedia data like videos, photographs or audio sequences, but covers a significantly vast area that can include biological images as well, such as western blot and microscopic images. In this paper, we focus on the detection of synthetically generated western blot images. These images are largely explored in the biomedical literature and it has been already shown they can be easily counterfeited with few hopes to spot manipulations by visual inspection or by using standard forensics detectors. To overcome the absence of publicly available data for this task, we create a new dataset comprising more than 14K original western blot images and 24K synthetic western blot images, generated using four different state-of-the-art generation methods. We investigate different strategies to detect synthetic western blots, exploring binary classification methods as well as one-class detectors. In both scenarios, we never exploit synthetic western blot images at training stage. The achieved results show that synthetically generated western blot images can be spot with good accuracy, even though the exploited detectors are not optimized over synthetic versions of these scientific images. We also test the robustness of the developed detectors against post-processing operations commonly performed on scientific images, showing that we can be robust to JPEG compression and that some generative models are easily recognizable, despite the application of editing might alter the artifacts they leave.
sj-docx-1-jct-10.1177_23800844231190640 – Supplemental material for The Patient-Centered Dental Home: A Framework for Quality Measurement, Improvement, and Integration
Creators: name: Herndon, J.B.
name: Reynolds, J.C.
name: Damiano, P.C
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Dentistry not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jct-10.1177_23800844231190640 for The Patient-Centered Dental Home: A Framework for Quality Measurement, Improvement, and Integration by J.B. Herndon, J.C. Reynolds and P.C Damiano in JDR Clinical & Translational Research
Revisiting the algebraic structure of the generalized uncertainty principle
Creators: name: Fadel, Matteo
name: Maggiore, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare different formulations of the generalized uncertainty principle that have an underlying algebraic structure. We show that the formulation by Kempf, Mangano and Mann (KMM) [Phys. Rev. D 52 (1995)], quite popular for phenomenological studies, satisfies the Jacobi identities only for spin zero particles. In contrast, the formulation proposed earlier by one of us (MM) [Phys. Lett. B 319 (1993)] has an underlying algebraic structure valid for particles of all spins, and is in this sense more fundamental. The latter is also much more constrained, resulting into only two possible solutions, one expressing the existence of a minimum length, and the other expressing a form of quantum-to-classical transition. We also discuss how this more stringent algebraic formulation has an intriguing physical interpretation in terms of a discretized time at the Planck scale.
description: Comments are welcome!
Additional file 4 of Improved biological methanation using tubular foam-bed reactor
Creators: name: Khesali Aghtaei, Hoda
name: Heyer, Robert
name: Reichl, Udo
name: Benndorf, Dirk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: S.4. Process results includes Fig. S.2 Time course of process results over a year considering different phases of the bioreactor. The Box–Whisker plots are produced using the average value of each day for every week. Different phases are separated using dash lines, and partial H2 feeding experiments are indicated by dash–dot lines during phase (II). In phase (I), a tubular reactor in mesophilic conditions was operated, whereas a tubular foam-bed reactor was operated in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in phases II and III, respectively. (a) Daily methane production rate (MPR), (b) Volume fraction of CH4 in the outlet gas, (c) Loading of CO2 (L/d), (d) Loading of H2 (L/d).
Additional file 1 of A survey on brachytherapy training of gynecological cancer focusing on the competence of residents in China
Creators: name: Dong, Mohan
name: Liu, Changhao
name: Yan, Junfang
name: Zhu, Yong
name: Yin, Yutian
name: Wang, Jia
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Wei, Lichun
name: Zhao, Lina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
sj-pdf-1-eup-10.1177_14651165231193833 - Supplemental material for Public perceptions and misperceptions of political authority in the European Union
Creators: name: Stoeckel, Florian
name: Mérola, Vittorio
name: Thompson, Jack
name: Lyons, Benjamin
name: Reifler, Jason
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: International Relations
Regional Analysis and Development

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-eup-10.1177_14651165231193833 for Public perceptions and misperceptions of political authority in the European Union by Florian Stoeckel, Vittorio Mérola, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons and Jason Reifler in European Union Politics
sj-docx-1-spq-10.1177_01902725221121825 – Supplemental material for A Relational Approach to Perceived Discrimination: The Case of South Asian Indians
Creators: name: Adem, Muna
name: Rao, Shelley
name: Marrow, Helen B.
name: García, Melissa J.
name: Okamoto, Dina G.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-spq-10.1177_01902725221121825 for A Relational Approach to Perceived Discrimination: The Case of South Asian Indians by Muna Adem, Shelley Rao, Helen B. Marrow, Melissa J. García and Dina G. Okamoto in Social Psychology Quarterly
sj-docx-1-spq-10.1177_01902725231177644 – Supplemental material for Seeing Behavior as Black, Brown, or White: Teachers’ Racial/Ethnic Bias in Perceptions of Routine Classroom Misbehavior
Creators: name: Owens, Jayanti
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-spq-10.1177_01902725231177644 for Seeing Behavior as Black, Brown, or White: Teachers’ Racial/Ethnic Bias in Perceptions of Routine Classroom Misbehavior by Jayanti Owens in Social Psychology Quarterly
Solving the Linearized Field Equations of the Causal Action Principle in Minkowski Space
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The linearized field equations for causal fermion systems in Minkowski space are analyzed systematically using methods of functional analysis and Fourier analysis. Taking into account a direction-dependent local phase freedom, we find a multitude of homogeneous solutions. The time evolution of the inhomogeneous equations is studied. It leads to the dynamical creation of retarded solutions as well as to the generation of non-propagating perturbations.
description: 94 pages, LaTeX, 10 figures, minor improvements, more details added (published version)
sj-docx-2-whe-10.1177_17455057231191091 – Supplemental material for What is prenatal stress? A scoping review of how prenatal stress is defined and measured within the context of food insecurity, housing instability, and immigration in the United States
Creators: name: Patel, Ishani
name: Dev, Alka
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Obstetrics and Gynaecology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-whe-10.1177_17455057231191091 for What is prenatal stress? A scoping review of how prenatal stress is defined and measured within the context of food insecurity, housing instability, and immigration in the United States by Ishani Patel and Alka Dev in Women’s Health
Information Sheet 2.06 Certification Of Reproductive Material (Voluntary /Official)
Creators: name: EFSA Panel On Plant Health
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pest control
subject: Pest management
subject: Risk reduction option
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C587

description: Information sheet 2.06: Certification of reproductive material (voluntary /official)

This information sheet is a supporting document to Appendix A (‘Standardised checklist of risk reduction options’) of the Guidance of the EFSA Plant Health Panel on quantitative pest risk assessment.

EFSA PLH Panel (EFSA Panel on Plant Health), Jeger M, Bragard C, Caffier D, Candresse T, Chatzivassiliou E, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Grégoire J-C, Jaques Miret JA, MacLeod A, Navajas Navarro M, Niere B, Parnell S, Potting R, Rafoss T, Rossi V, Urek G, Van Bruggen A, Van der Werf W, West J, Winter S, Hart A, Schans J, Schrader G, Suffert M, Kertész V, Kozelska S, Mannino MR, Mosbach-Schulz O, Pautasso M, Stancanelli G, Tramontini S, Vos S and Gilioli G, 2018. Guidance of the EFSA PLH Panel on quantitative pest risk assessment. EFSA Journal 2018;16(7):5350, 94 pp. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5350. Available online at https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5350

This document is currently still under preparation and will be made available in the near future.
description: ALPHA@efsa.europa.eu
Cosmological constraints on the decay of heavy relics into neutrinos
Creators: name: Hambye, Thomas
name: Hufnagel, Marco
name: Lucca, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A massive particle decaying into neutrinos in the early Universe is known to be less constrained than if it was decaying into other standard model particles. However, even if the decay proceeds into neutrinos, the latter still inevitably emit secondary particles undergoing electromagnetic interactions that can be probed. We analyse in details how sensitive various cosmological probes are to such secondary particles, namely CMB anisotropies, CMB spectral distortions, and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. For relics whose lifetime is shorter than the age of the Universe, this leads to original and stringent bounds on the particle's lifetime as a function of its abundance and mass.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures; v2: comments added, v3: matches published version
Additional file 2 of Improved biological methanation using tubular foam-bed reactor
Creators: name: Khesali Aghtaei, Hoda
name: Heyer, Robert
name: Reichl, Udo
name: Benndorf, Dirk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: S.2. Process parameter estimations include formulas for the calculation of methane production rate and substrate conversion efficiency for biological methanation. It also includes formulas to calculate H2 production based on Faraday’s law.
MUSE: Marginal Unbiased Score Expansion and Application to CMB Lensing
Creators: name: Millea, Marius
name: Seljak, Uros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the marginal unbiased score expansion (MUSE) method, an algorithm for generic high-dimensional hierarchical Bayesian inference. MUSE performs approximate marginalization over arbitrary non-Gaussian latent parameter spaces, yielding Gaussianized asymptotically unbiased and near-optimal constraints on global parameters of interest. It is computationally much cheaper than exact alternatives like Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC), excelling on funnel problems which challenge HMC, and does not require any problem-specific user supervision like other approximate methods such as Variational Inference or many Simulation-Based Inference methods. MUSE makes possible the first joint Bayesian estimation of the delensed Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) power spectrum and gravitational lensing potential power spectrum, demonstrated here on a simulated data set as large as the upcoming South Pole Telescope 3G 1500 deg$^2$ survey, corresponding to a latent dimensionality of ${\sim}\,6$ million and of order 100 global bandpower parameters. On a subset of the problem where an exact but more expensive HMC solution is feasible, we verify that MUSE yields nearly optimal results. We also demonstrate that existing spectrum-based forecasting tools which ignore pixel-masking underestimate predicted error bars by only ${\sim}\,10\%$. This method is a promising path forward for fast lensing and delensing analyses which will be necessary for future CMB experiments such as SPT-3G, Simons Observatory, or CMB-S4, and can complement or supersede existing HMC approaches. The success of MUSE on this challenging problem strengthens its case as a generic procedure for a broad class of high-dimensional inference problems.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Zigzag edge ferromagnetism of triangular-graphene-quantum-dot-like system
Creators: name: Han, Runze
name: Chen, Jiazhou
name: Zhang, Mengyue
name: Gao, Jinze
name: Xiong, Yicheng
name: Pan, Yue
name: Ma, Tianxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, the magnetic susceptibility of a triangular-graphene-quantum-dot-like system was examined by using the determinant quantum Monte Carlo method. We focused on three zigzag edge quantum dots or rings, namely, the triangular graphene quantum ring, bilayer triangular graphene quantum dot, and bilayer triangular graphene quantum ring. The triangular-graphene-quantum-dot-like system exhibited robust edge ferromagnetic behavior, which was independent of size, monolayer or bilayer, or dot or ring shape, according to the numerical results. At half filling, the edge magnetic susceptibility is increased by on-site interactions, especially in the low-temperature region. Spintronics systems may benefit from use of this system due to its robust edge ferromagnetic behavior.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, to be published in Physical Review B
Digital but still Unequal: The Challenges of Digitalisation for Emerging Powers - Mexico
Creators: name: Domínguez, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: digitalisation
digitalization
inequality
Agenda 2030
exponential technological changes
digital divide
cultural capital

description: Digitalisation and other exponential technological changes can bring important opportunities to tackle development challenges within the Agenda 2030 framework. However, without adequate policy interventions, the access to these technologies might be limited to a small number of people in ways that may actually increase existing inequalities.
EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON GREEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL FIRMS IN ENUGU STATE
Creators: name: Ekpo Okpa, Iyamba
name: Okechukwu Elizabeth, Uzoamaka
name: Okwor, Onyeka, Martins
Publisher: name: ZAP Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artificial intelligence, Green, Human resource, Management

description: This study evaluated the Effect of artificial intelligence on green human resource management of pharmaceutical firms in Enugu state. The broad objective of this study is to determine the effect of artificial intelligence on green human resource management of pharmaceutical firms in Enugu state, specifically, the study sort to determine the effect of machine learning on green talent management of pharmaceutical firms and ascertain the effect of expert systems on green workplace safety of pharmaceutical firms. A total population of one thousand five hundred and forty-two (1542), staff was used. The sample size of 308, using Freund and William's statistic formula at 5 percent margin of error. Regression statistical tools was used to test the hypotheses with the aid of SPSS Version 26. The results of the study revealed that Machine learning has significant positive effect on green talent management of pharmaceutical firms in Enugu state and that Expert systems have significant positive effect on green workplace safety of pharmaceutical firms in Enugu state. The study concluded that the integration of machine learning into green talent management has emerged as a pivotal factor in shaping the industry's approach to nurturing environmentally conscious talent, application of expert systems in this context has evidently contributed to the establishment of robust safety protocols and risk management procedures that align with environmentally sustainable principles. The study among other things recommended that pharmaceutical firms should implement expert systems that can assess workplace safety risks in real-time based on a combination of environmental factors, equipment usage, and employee behavior.
The Whole Is Greater Than The Sum Of Its Parts: Emergent Properties Of  Insect Immunity
Creators: name: Rosengaus Rebeca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: social immunity
gut microbiota
symbionts
mycosis
disease resistance

description: Termites have had a long co-evolutionary history with prokaryotic and eukaryotic gut microbes. Historically, the role of these anaerobic obligate symbionts has been attributed to the nutritional welfare of the host. We provide evidence that protozoa (and/or their associated bacteria) colonizing the hindgut of the dampwood termite Zootermopsis angusticollis, synthesize multiple functional β-1,3-glucanases, enzymes known for breaking down β-1,3-glucans, the main component of fungal cell walls. These enzymes appear to help in both digestion of ingested fungal hyphae and protection against invasion by fungal pathogens. This research points to an additional novel role for the mutualistic hindgut microbial consortia of termites, an association that may extend beyond lignocellulolytic activity and nitrogen fixation to include a reduction in the risks of mycosis at both the individual- and colony-levels while nesting in and feeding on microbial-rich decayed wood.  The gut microbiome of each individual termite together with the common termite behavior of proctodeal exchanges between nestmates result in emergent properties of immune function at the colony level.

Funding from National Science Foundation NSF CAREER award (DEB0447316, NSF REU supplement Northeastern University TIER1award and The Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation.
description: Invited Keynote Speaker
Additional file 3 of Improved biological methanation using tubular foam-bed reactor
Creators: name: Khesali Aghtaei, Hoda
name: Heyer, Robert
name: Reichl, Udo
name: Benndorf, Dirk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: S.3. Process conversion yield during partial H2 feeding experiment includes Fig. S.1 Relative H2 conversion yield ( $${\text{Y}}_{\text{rel}}{{\text{H}}}_{2}$$ Y rel H 2 ) and absolute CO2 ( $$ {\text{Y}}_{\text{abs}}{{\text{CO}}}_{2}\text{)} \,$$ Y abs CO 2 ) conversion yield of biological methanation process in response to partial H2 feeding experiment in phase (II) within mesophilic tubular foam-bed bioreactor.
sj-docx-1-srd-10.1177_23780231221103059 – Supplemental material for The Dilemmas of Spatializing Social Issues
Creators: name: Calderón-Figueroa, Fernando A.
name: Silver, Daniel
name: Bidian, Olimpia
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-srd-10.1177_23780231221103059 for The Dilemmas of Spatializing Social Issues by Fernando A. Calderón-Figueroa, Daniel Silver and Olimpia Bidian in Socius
Fast Fiber Line Extraction for 2D Bivariate Scalar Fields
Creators: name: Raith, Felix
name: Nsonga, Baldwin
name: Scheuermann, Gerik
name: Heine, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extracting level sets from scalar data is a fundamental operation in visualization with many applications. Recently, the concept of level set extraction has been extended to bivariate scalar fields. Prior work on vector field equivalence, wherein an analyst marks a region in the domain and is shown other regions in the domain with similar vector values, pointed out the need to make this extraction operation fast, so that analysts can work interactively. To date, the fast extraction of level sets from bivariate scalar fields has not been researched as extensively as for the univariate case. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm that extracts fiber lines, i.e., the preimages of so called control polygons (FSCP), for bivariate 2D data by joint traversal of bounding volume hierarchies for both grid and FSCP elements. We performed an extensive evaluation, comparing our method to a two-dimensional adaptation of the method proposed by Klacansky et al., as well as to the naive approach for fiber line extraction. The evaluation incorporates a vast array of configurations in several datasets. We found that our method provides a speedup of several orders of magnitudes compared to the naive algorithm and requires two thirds of the computation time compared to Klacansky et al. adapted for 2D.
How do CPT-like symmetries shape the stability of geophysical flows?
Creators: name: David, Tomos W.
name: Delplace, Pierre
name: Venaille, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the role discrete symmetries, time-reversal and mirror symmetries, play in the context of geophysical waves and instabilities. By looking at three special cases from the two-layer quasi-geostrophic model as well as developing a general framework for translating real-space transformations to Fourier-space we are able to: 1) show that baroclinic instability is an example of spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking; 2) show that pure parity symmetry for a fluid system is exactly analogous to charge-conjugation-parity symmetry in a condensed matter system; and 3) show that when a pure parity symmetry is broken, this is associated with the suppression of wave propagation. Further, in the latter case, instability can arise without a corresponding symmetry breaking. This study highlights the role of symmetry breaking behind the dynamics of geophysical waves and instabilities.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to Proc. Roy. Soc. A
Combined unitary and symmetric group approach applied to low-dimensional spin systems
Creators: name: Dobrautz, Werner
name: Katukuri, Vamshi M.
name: Bogdanov, Nikolay A.
name: Kats, Daniel
name: Manni, Giovanni Li
name: Alavi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel combined unitary and symmetric group approach is used to study the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg model and related Fermionic systems in a spin-adapted representation, using a linearly-parameterised Ansatz for the many-body wave function. We show that a more compact ground state wave function representation is obtained when combining the symmetric group, $\mathcal{S}_n$, in the form of permutations of the underlying lattice site ordering, with the cumulative spin-coupling based on the unitary group, $\mathrm{U}(n)$. In one-dimensional systems the observed compression of the wave function is reminiscent of block-spin renormalization group approaches, and allows us to study larger lattices (here taken up to 80 sites) with the spin-adapted full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo method, which benefits from the sparsity of the Hamiltonian matrix and the corresponding sampled eigenstates that emerge from the reordering. We find that in an optimal lattice ordering the configuration state function with highest weight already captures with high accuracy the spin-spin correlation function of the exact ground state wave function. This feature is found for more general lattice models, such as the Hubbard model, and ab initio quantum chemical models, in this work exemplified by a one-dimensional hydrogen chain. We also provide numerical evidence that the optimal lattice ordering for the unitary group approach is not generally equivalent to the optimal ordering obtained for methods based on matrix-product states, such as the density-matrix renormalization group approach.
Interferometric signature of different spectral symmetries of biphoton states
Creators: name: Fabre, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the influence of the symmetry of the biphoton wavefunction on the coincidence measurement of the generalized Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, where there are a temporal and frequency shift operations between the two beam-splitters. We show that the generalized MZ interferometer is the measurement of the short-time Fourier transform of the function modeling the energy conservation of a spontaneous parametric down-conversion process if the full biphoton state is symmetric, and of the symmetric characteristic distribution of the phase-matching function if the state is antisymmetric. Thus, this technique is phase-sensitive to the spectral distribution of the photon pairs. Finally, we investigate in detail the signature of a pair of anyons whose peculiar statistics can be simulated by engineering the spectrum of photon pairs.
title: Functionalisation of metamaterials and their applications in novel chiral biosensing technologies
Creators: name: Tabouillot, Victor
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2025

description: Nanotechnologies have the potential to transform our society, offering unprecedented control over matter and enabling a multitude of applications across a wide range of scientific disciplines. Scaling materials down to the nanoscale presents a significant challenge, necessitating evermore complex manufacturing techniques. Despite extensive research on the enhanced properties of nanoscale materials, most of the real-world applications have yet to see widespread adoption. In this thesis, the extraordinary optical properties of metamaterials will be explored and applied to the development of next-generation ultrasensitive chiral sensors. Metamaterials, in this context, are engineered periodic arrays of subwavelength-scale plasmonic structures that produce optical responses unmatched with naturally occurring materials. 

The chemical functionalisation of these metamaterials is a critical step in numerous applications such as sensing, photovoltaic and optical technologies. In this PhD research, a novel selective functionalisation technique has been developed, enabling control over the chemical selectivity of plasmonic nanostructures. This is possible using a thermoresponsive polymer with a functional end group that can be switched on and off using the heat directly generated by the nanostructures through thermosplasmonic effects. 

The application of chiral metamaterials in chiral sensing is a focal point in this thesis, where several techniques are studied for the detection and characterisation of chiral molecules. In the first project, plasmonic circularly polarised luminescence is used to probe the near field of a chiral metamaterial and detect a monolayer of a de novo peptide, which cannot be achieved with a light scattering technique in the far field. A second study focuses on surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy applied to the discrimination of chiral helicoid nanoparticles using a chiral metamaterial. This is possible through the enantio-dependent intensity of the electromagnetic hotspots, which is “hotter” for matching combinations and “colder” for mismatching ones. The final research project in this PhD exploits chiral metamaterials in the infrared, where the vibrational modes of a single molecular layer of amino acid can be detected. Enantiomeric discrimination of multilayers of this molecule was also achieved by enhancing vibrational circular dichroism effects using the same chiral plasmonic metamaterial.
Tagging the Higgs boson decay to bottom quarks with colour-sensitive observables and the Lund jet plane
Creators: name: Cavallini, Luca
name: Coccaro, Andrea
name: Khosa, Charanjit K.
name: Manco, Giulia
name: Marzani, Simone
name: Parodi, Fabrizio
name: Rebuzzi, Daniela
name: Rescia, Alberto
name: Stagnitto, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of distinguishing $b$-jets stemming from the decay of a colour singlet, such as the Higgs boson, from those originating from the abundant QCD background. In particular, as a case study, we focus on associate production of a vector boson and a Higgs boson decaying into a pair of $b$-jets, which has been recently observed at the LHC. We consider the combination of several theory-driven observables proposed in the literature, together with Lund jet plane images, in order to design an original $Hbb$ tagger. The observables are combined by means of standard machine learning algorithms, which are trained on events obtained with fast detector simulation techniques. We find that the combination of high-level single-variable observables with the Lund jet plane provides an excellent discrimination performance. We also study the dependence of the tagger on the invariant mass of the decaying particles, in order to assess the extension to a generic $Xbb$ tagger.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables. v2 matches published version
sj-doc-1-whe-10.1177_17455057221101071 – Supplemental material for Single-dose versus multiple-dose antibiotics prophylaxis for preventing caesarean section postpartum infections: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Igwemadu, Gerald Tochukwu
name: Eleje, George Uchenna
name: Eno, Enang Enang
name: Akunaeziri, Uche Augustine
name: Afolabi, Folashade Adeola
name: Alao, Abayomi Ibukun
name: Ochima, Onazi
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-doc-1-whe-10.1177_17455057221101071 for Single-dose versus multiple-dose antibiotics prophylaxis for preventing caesarean section postpartum infections: A randomized controlled trial by Gerald Tochukwu Igwemadu, George Uchenna Eleje, Enang Enang Eno, Uche Augustine Akunaeziri, Folashade Adeola Afolabi, Abayomi Ibukun Alao and Onazi Ochima in Women’s Health
sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X221105692 - Supplemental material for New 1,4-Dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles Induce Antiproliferation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Inhibition of Selective Inflammatory Cytokines
Creators: name: Ngoc Binh, Vo
name: Adorisio, Sabrina
name: Delfino, Domenico V.
name: Ngo, Quoc Anh
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X221105692 for New 1,4-Dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles Induce Antiproliferation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Inhibition of Selective Inflammatory Cytokines by Vo Ngoc Binh, Sabrina Adorisio, Domenico V. Delfino and Quoc Anh Ngo in Natural Product Communications