Lutnes biguttatus Girault
Creators: name: Gibson, Gary A. P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eupelmidae
Lutnes
Lutnes biguttatus

description: Lutnes biguttatus (Girault)
Figs 19–27
Parooderelloides biguttata Girault, 1913: 68.
Lutnes biguttata; Gibson, 1995: 219. Change of combination.
Material examined. Type material. Holotype ♀ (ZMHB): “ Paraguay | San Bernardino | K Friebrig S.V. / Type / Parooderelloides | biguttata Girault | ♀ type / 5769 / s. m. e. p. [?] | 1018 / ex. coll. | Girault / Zool. Mus. | Berlin / Parooderelloidea [sic] | biguttata | ZMB 202/8 / GBIF-ChalcISD | ID ChalD0719”.
The holotype is minutien-mounted with the pin inserted vertically through its venter midway between the meso- and metacoxae, but not projecting through the mesonotum; it is uncontorted. Girault (1913) stated that the appendages were on a slide. This slide was not found, but the female lacks the following: left antenna, right antenna beyond fl7; left front leg, right middle leg and tarsus of left middle leg, and both hind legs; right fore wing and small section of left fore wing anteroapically.
Additional material examined. Brazil. Minas Gerais, Pampulha BH, 19°52'S 43°58'W, 830 m, 28.XI.1996, J. Fontenelle, UFMG Campus Estação Ecológica, ME2 (1♀ CNC, CNC Photo 2017-1).
Description. FEMALE (habitus: Figs 19, 20). Length [3.75]– 4.1 mm. Head (Figs 19–22) mostly green to bluish under different angles of light except lower face with some reddish-violaceous luster, particularly on inclined surface below parascrobal region, and small region below each torulus (Fig. 21). Head in lateral view (Fig. 20) moderately high-lenticular, about 1.6× as high as long, with frontovertex obtusely angled relative to face; malar space about [0.43]–0.52× eye height. Head in frontal view (Fig. 21) without differentiated ocellocular line between posterior ocellus and inner orbit; punctate-reticulate to reticulate-rugose, including interantennal prominence, except scrobes more transversely reticulate-strigose; with whitish-translucent, lanceolate setae on interantennal prominence, lower face immediately below toruli, and lower parascrobal region to about level of dorsal margin of torulus, but with longer, dark brown, hairlike setae over most of lower face, including clypeus, and longer, white, hairlike setae on parascrobal region above lanceolate setae continued onto frontovertex except for darker setae at confluence with occiput; scrobal depression bell-shaped, higher than wide, extending dorsally to near anterior ocellus but carinate lateral margins becoming obsolete dorsally such that dorsal limit obscure, and ventrally carinate margin obviously recurved toward lower inner orbit lateral to torulus; interorbital distance about [0.37]– 0.43× head width; ratio of OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 19[15]: 44[34]: 23[18]: 11[13]. Labiomaxillary complex brown. Eye distinctly setose (Figs 21, 22); about 1.3× as high as long; height about 1.1–[1.5]× and length about 0.9–[1.1]× interocular distance, respectively. Antenna (Fig. 24) with scape slightly broadened apically but more or less cylindrical and slightly curved, mostly yellowish though brownish basally and apically, pedicel and flagellum brown except tip of clava pale; fl1 with dorsal (shortest) length subequal to width, but appearing slightly longer than wide to slightly transverse, with dorsal length about [0.4]–0.5× dorsal length of pedicel and almost 0.4× dorsal length of fl2; fl2 the longest funicular, about [1.8]–2.1× as long as wide and subsequent funiculars gradually decreasing in length such that fl5 slightly longer than wide but fl8 slightly transverse; clava about 2.5× as long as wide and about as long as combined length of fl8 + fl7 + about apical two-thirds of fl6.
Mesosoma (Figs 19, 20) dark with variably distinct and extensive reddish-violaceous to somewhat bluish to purple lusters dorsally, and acropleuron similarly dark as mesonotum to largely dull green to bluish except for reddish-violaceous region below fore wing base. Pronotum with line of dark hairlike setae posteriorly (Fig. 22); propleuron and prosternum with dark setae. Mesoscutum (Fig. 22) coarsely reticulate-rugulose except lateral flange transversely strigose-coriaceous, with lateral lobe at most only indistinctly longitudinally carinate posteriorly; quite densely setose with brown hairlike setae over about anterior three-quarters but with white hairlike seta over about posterior one-quarter (Figs 22, 23). Scutellar-axillar complex (Fig. 22) similarly sculptured as mesoscutum except reticulations more or less longitudinally aligned on scutellum, and with entirely white setae. Prepectus (Fig. 23) entirely setose, with dark setae, and with only obscure line of weakness near base and thus not conspicuously subdivided. Mesopleurosternum with white hairlike setae more ventrally on mesopectus and on acropleuron anteriorly, but dorsally below tegula with dark brown hairlike setae (Fig. 23); acropleuron mostly meshlike reticulate with reticulations distinctly larger over almost posterior half and with more minutely punctatereticulate region dorsomesally. Brachypterous (Figs 19, 20), with fore wing extending to about apex of Gt3 and distinctly narrower than typical wing, the length measured from base of costal cell about 4× maximum width and basal region subequal in length to discal region (Fig. 25). Fore wing (Fig. 25) with venation apparently normal but stv and pmv obscured by setae such that accurate measurement of veins not possible, but cc about 2.4× length of mv; costal cell dorsally densely setose with dark brown hairlike setae except bare along extreme leading margin and apically; basal cell slightly infuscate and densely setose with dark brown hairlike setae except about apical one-quarter hyaline with longer white setae; discal region somewhat more distinctly infuscate than basal cell and mostly covered with broadly lanceolate dark brown setae except for more hairlike brown setae at least along extreme apical margin and sometimes beyond apex of pmv, anterior hyaline region with white setae extending over about apical half of mv to base of stv and posteriorly over about anterior half wing (mv anterior to hyaline region more distinct than elsewhere because paler with slightly paler, sparser setae), variably smaller and more transverse hyaline region with white setae along posterior margin of wing, and less conspicuous posterobasal region of pale hairlike setae continuous with white setae apically within basal cell. Legs dark brown similar to general body colour except front leg with inner surface of tibia and tarsus somewhat paler, yellowish-brown, and knees of middle and hind legs and metatrochanter and metatrochantellus somewhat lighter yellowish; protibia only obscurely concave anteroapically and mesotibia dorsally not carinate. Propodeum (Fig. 26) with medial length about [0.15]– 0.2× length of scutellum; with deep and distinct furrows along foramen converging anteriorly on either side of midline to differentiate short medial ridge anteriorly and transverse, lunate region posteromedially; callar region similarly obscurely sculptured mesal and lateral to postspiracular groove (holotype) or distinctly more meshlike coriaceous-reticulate mesal to postspiracular groove (Fig. 26: psg) than on inclined surface lateral of groove.
Gaster (Figs 19, 20) dark brown; Gt1 finely meshlike coriaceous, Gt2 more distinctly meshlike coriaceous, and Gt3–Gt5 much more coarsely reticulate-rugulose (Fig. 19), but Gt6 reticulate-rugulose (holotype) to mesally granular with surface of most cells convex, and syntergum similarly but more finely sculptured, more coriaceousroughened (Fig. 27); Gt1 and Gt2 bare, but subsequent tergites extensively covered by dark hairlike setae; syntergum about half to one-quarter as long as Gt6, but obviously transverse (Fig. 27).
Distribution. Neotropical: Brazil, Paraguay.
Remarks. Females of L. biguttatus are uniquely differentiated by the meso- and metasoma being entirely dark in combination with having reduced (brachypterous) fore wings with anterior and posterior hyaline regions with white setae (Fig. 25). Females of L. infucatus also have reduced fore wings but these lack distinct hyaline regions with white setae (Fig. 34), whereas some females of L. testaceus are similarly brachypterous with a similar fore wing color pattern, but the meso- and metasoma are at least mostly orangish (Figs 48–51).
The holotype from Paraguay is quite similar to the only other known female from Brazil, the most conspicuous differences being sculpture of the propodeum and Gt6. The holotype has the propodeum somewhat more uniformly sculptured, with the callar region only finely meshlike coriaceous mesal to the postspiracular groove, whereas the latter region is more distinctly though shallowly meshlike reticulate in the Brazilian female. The holotype also has Gt6 uniformly reticulate-rugulose as the preceding tergites, whereas the Brazilian female has Gt6 more granular mesally, the surface of the cells being convex rather than concave (Fig. 27).
description: Published as part of Gibson, Gary A. P., 2018, Revision of Lutnes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), pp. 330-356 in Zootaxa 4415 (2) on pages 342-344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1242004