Paulitinae Guinot & Van Bakel 2020, subfam. nov.
Creators: name: Guinot, Danièle
name: Bakel, Barry Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae

description: Subfamily Paulitinae Guinot & Van Bakel, subfam. nov.
Type genus. Paulita Guinot, 2012 (type species by monotypy: Dasygyius tuberculatus Lemos de Castro, 1949).
Description. Body moderately flat. Carapace urn-shaped, with moderate anterior narrowing, resting on setting gutter (Lemos de Castro 1949: figs. 8, 9, as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Drach & Guinot 1982: pl. 1, fig. 1, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus; Santana 2008: figs. 50C, 51B, C, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: figs. 1, 2A; Guinot et al. 2019: fig. 16A). Dorsal surface (Guinot 2012: figs. 1, 2A, B) divided into convex regions delineated by several parallel, deep, broad grooves: cervical groove well marked, bearing median gastric pits; branchial groove delimiting main part of branchial region; branchiocardiac groove marked. Dorsal surface uniformly covered with prominent tubercles. Lateral margins rounded, unarmed. Pleurites 5–8 (Guinot 2012: fig. 2A, B) exposed on same level as carapace, calcified, ornamented as carapace; first pleonal somite in prolongation of cephalothorax, dorsally visible, calcified, ornamented; insertion of carapace into setting gutter (Drach & Guinot 1982: pl. 1, fig. 3, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus); branchiostegite mostly absent. Rostrum simple, broadly triangular, pentagonal (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 4, as Dasygyius tuberculatus), its ventral portion (proepistome) joining the epistomial process. Antennules vertically folded beneath rostrum. Eyestalk narrow. Antenna: urinary article adjacent to basal article (2+3) (thus not sunken in epistome); basal article large, fused to front, unarmed; articles 4, 5 free; flagellum short (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 5, as Dasygyius tuberculatus). Supraorbital margin with median tooth. Exorbital tooth blunt. Pterygostomial lobe well marked (Guinot 2012: fig. 3B). Mxp3: ischium with inner margin coarsely dentate, produced into lobe at inner distal angle; merus cordiform, with outer angle slightly rounded laterally and inner angle produced; palp stocky, with carpus enlarged, three-fifths as thick as long (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 3, as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: fig. 3B). Thoracic sternum markedly wide, inflated; anterior shield (sternites 1–3) inserted between mxp3, as a pentagonal shield; sternite 3 developed, much inflated; suture 3/4 laterally visible, continuing into depression (Santana 2008: figs. 51D, 52B, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: figs. 2C, 3A; Guinot et al. 2019: fig. 16C). Sutures 4/5–7/8 all interrupted, with distant interruption points. Sternite 8 with basal median line, continuing by depression. Sternum/pterygostome junction complete thanks to curved extension of sternite 4. Milne-Edwards openings separated from chelipeds, large, entirely filled by mxp3 coxa (Guinot 2012: fig. 3B). Wide sternal extensions joining exposed pleurites (sternum/pleurites connections) between P1/P2, P2/P3, P3/P4, P4/P5 (Guinot 2012: figs. 2C, 3A). Sternal device for pleonal-locking system represented by 2 or several granules disposed between sutures 4/5, 5/6; pleonal edge of somites 4–6 markedly thickened, ending in deep socket. Male, female pleons with first somite developed, entirely dorsally visible, ornamented like carapace, not produced into spine. Male pleon (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 6, as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: figs. 2C, 3A) with all somites free, except for somite 6 fused to telson (pleotelson); somite 1 narrow but high; somites 2, 3 widened; somites 4, 5, pleotelson narrow; pleotelson base laterally inflated at location of sockets. Female pleon (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 7, as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: fig. 2D) with somites 1–4 free, not high; somites 5, 6 fused to pleotelson, forming large, flat or convex disc, inserted in sterno-pleonal cavity; brood cavity closed like a box, limited by elevated sternal arch formed by raised sternites all around. Male chelipeds (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 2, as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: fig. 1) equal, unarmed, with minute granules; propodus narrow, elongated, slightly inflated in larger males; fingers long, tapering, gaping in proximal half, distally joined; prehensile border finely denticulated in proximal half, distinctly toothed distally. Female chelipeds (Lemos de Castro 1949: fig. 1, as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: fig. 2D) narrow, fingers joined. Pereopods long, thin, cylindrical throughout length, unarmed; P2 densely fringed with hairs in males; P2-P5 with additional setae in females (Lemos de Castro 1949: figs. 8–11 as Dasygyius tuberculatus; Guinot 2012: fig. 1). Coxal male gonopore large, located far from suture 7/8, thus in posteriormost location; opening on anterior border of coxo-sternal condyle, thus partially condylar, partially coxal (Guinot et al. 2013: 127); penis short, emerging on lateral side of coxo-sternal condyle. G1 gently curved, with elongated, twisted lobe (Guinot-Dumortier 1960: fig. 22a–c, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus; Santana 2008: figs. 50C, 51D, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus). G2 conspicuously short. Vulvae much protruded, located on sternite 6 displaced anteriorly to suture 4/5; sternal vulvar cover developed. Axial skeleton with lateral compartment together with dorsoventral partition (developed junction plate), pleurites being almost horizontal (Guinot 2012: fig. 2B); in anterior region, dorsal edges of pleurites connected to internal surface of carapace by vertical pillars (Drach & Guinot 1982: pl. 1, fig. 6, as Paradasygyius tuberculatus). A bridge with median line (with posteriorly and anteriorly a depression) in middle of sternite 7 (corresponding to raised median plate). Presence of thick sella turcica (Guinot et al. 2013: fig. 47G, H).
Remarks. Paulitinae subfam. nov. may be differentiated from the Dasygyiinae by a number of characters mainly related to the carapace, thoracic sternum, links between sternum and pterygostome, Milne-Edwards openings, and first gonopod.
Other included genera. None.
description: Published as part of Guinot, Danièle & Bakel, Barry Van, 2020, Extraordinary majoid crabs: the genus Esopus A. Milne-Edwards, 1875 in the new subfamily Esopinae subfam. nov., and erection of Paulitinae subfam. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea, Inachoididae Dana, 1851), pp. 101-127 in Zootaxa 4766 (1) on pages 115-116, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4766.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/3763991