cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Progress and prospects in magnetic topological materials
Creators: name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Beidenkopf, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic topological materials represent a class of compounds whose properties are strongly influenced by the topology of the electronic wavefunctions coupled with the magnetic spin configuration. Such materials can support chiral electronic channels of perfect conduction, and can be used for an array of applications from information storage and control to dissipationless spin and charge transport. Here, we review the theoretical and experimental progress achieved in the field of magnetic topological materials beginning with the theoretical prediction of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect without Landau levels, and leading to the recent discoveries of magnetic Weyl semimetals and antiferromagnetic topological insulators. We outline the recent theoretical progress that resulted in the tabulation, for the first time, of all magnetic symmetry group representations and topology. We describe several experiments realizing Chern insulators, Weyl and Dirac magnetic semimetals, and an array of axionic and higher-order topological phases of matter as well as survey future perspectives.
Hydrodynamic Studies of the Evolution of Recurrent, Symbiotic, and Dwarf Novae: The White Dwarf Components are Growing in Mass
Creators: name: Iliadis, C.
name: Timmes, F. X.
name: Meakin, C.
name: Hix, W.
name: Starrfield, S.
name: Arnett, W.
name: Sparks, W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Symbiotic binaries are systems containing white dwarfs (WDs) and red giants. Symbiotic novae are those systems in which thermonuclear eruptions occur on the WD components. These are to be distinguished from events driven by accretion disk instabilities analogous to dwarf novae eruptions in cataclysmic variable outbursts. Another class of symbiotic systems are those in which the WD is extremely luminous and it seems likely that quiescent nuclear burning is ongoing on the accreting WD. A fundamental question is the secular evolution of the WD. Do the repeated outbursts or quiescent burning in these accreting systems cause the WD to gain or lose mass? If it is gaining mass, can it eventually reach the Chandrasekhar Limit and become a supernova (a SN Ia if it can hide the hydrogen and helium in the system)? In order to better understand these systems, we have begun a new study of the evolution of Thermonuclear Runaways (TNRs) in the accreted envelopes of WDs using a variety of initial WD masses, luminosities and mass accretion rates. We use our 1-D hydro code, NOVA, which includes the new convective algorithm of Arnett, Meakin and Young, the Hix and Thielemann nuclear reaction solver, the Iliadis reaction rate library, the Timmes equation of state, and the OPAL opacities. We assume a solar composition (Lodders abundance distribution) and do not allow any mixing of accreted material with core material. This assumption strongly influences our results. We report here (1) that the WD grows in mass for all simulations so that canonical `steady burning' does not occur, and (2) that only a small fraction of the accreted matter is ejected in some (but not all) simulations. We also find that the accreting systems, before thermonuclear runaway, are too cool to be seen in X-ray searches for SN Ia progenitors.
(3612) Robert Loder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Redefining NBA Basketball Positions Through Visualization and Mega-Cluster Analysis
Creators: name: Hedquist, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Basketball players have historically been classified based on one of five positions, namely Point Guards, Shooting Guards, Small Forwards, and Centers. While grouping players into these five categories may provide general descriptions of their perceived role, these standard positions fall short of describing players based on their true abilities and performance. This MS thesis proposes a method to group players of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from the past 20 seasons into more meaningful and specific player positions. We systematically group these players into nine distinct categories, and we draw from a vast array of visualization tools, techniques, and software to view and analyze these new player positions and compare them to the standard roles currently used by the basketball community. These visualization tools and methods allow us to view highly complex data with many variables in low-dimensional plots that are both meaningful and interpretable. Each season’s nine player positions are then grouped into nine overall positions across the 20-year span and their unique attributes and behaviors will be explored in depth. All of the player tables, the individual player position assignments, and many other relevant data tables are assembled and included on a single online repository for public access and use.
title: Conservation Genetics of a Declining Bumble Bee in Western North America; The Influence of Geography, Dispersal Limitation, and Anthopogenic Activity
Creators: name: Rohde, Ashley T.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Conservation biology addresses the problem of species loss by identifying species in need of protection. Conservation biology has subfields to address different aspects of biodiversity loss, including genetics and sociology. I used genetic approaches to assess the conservation status of western bumble bees, a bumble bee species of conservation concern.
The western bumble bee is a bumble bee species that ranges from Alaska to New Mexico and as far east as Wyoming and Colorado. This species is disappearing in some places. It may soon be listed as endangered in the United States and is already listed as endangered in parts of its Canadian distribution. To complicate the problem further, the western bumble bee might really be two cryptic species. Recent genetic analyses indicate that there might be a northern species (Mckay’s bumble bee) and a southern species (the western bumble bee).
I used DNA from specimens collected across the range and ran genetic analyses to estimate the relationships between western bumble bees and Mckay’s bumble bees. This study provided enough evidence to conclude that they are, in fact, two species.
Next, I compared patterns of genetic diversity in the two species to environmental variables to determine how the environment influences how the bees to move across the landscape. I compared patterns of genetic diversity in bees that were collected between 1960 through 2020. Western bumble bees showed patterns of slightly decreasing genetic diversity through time from 1960 to 2019, but Mckay’s bumble bee did not. For both species, nighttime temperatures during the spring and proximity to a native fungal parasite were important predictors of differences in genetic diversity among samples. The distance from parasites is probably important because specimens that are near infections are more likely to be infected themselves. Although we found decreases in genetic diversity for western bumble bees, there is still enough genetic diversity in present-day populations for the species to recover if the effects of the drivers of the declines are managed.
Finally, I surveyed 974 conservationists from diverse backgrounds to measure their understanding, trust, and motivation to action from conservation genetic studies. This is important because molecular methods provide important insight into the conservation status of at-risk species, but they are not used very often when land managers make conservation decisions. The results indicate that lack of understanding, but not trust, may be a barrier to increased use of molecular methods in conservation actions.
The Effects of Strategy Instruction for Writing and Revising Persuasive Quick Writes for Middle School Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Creators: name: Cramer, Anne Mong
name: Mason, Linda H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A multiple baseline alternating treatment (A-B-C-D) design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a writing and peer revision intervention. Eight middle school students enrolled in an alternative program for students with emotional and behavioral disorders received Self- Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) for 10-minute quick writing and revision during planning. Assessment occurred across baseline, writing, and revision phases, and the last phase alternated between individual and peer revision. Measures included quality; number of traits and words; the ability of participants to identify, evaluate, and make revisions during planning; and the degree to which participants incorporated revision recommendations. Positive effects for writing and promise for peer revision were indicated. Implications for future research practice are discussed.
OXYTOCIN RECEPTORS IN NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF SOPRAMOLECULAR RECEPTOR COMPLEXES
Creators: name: SANTINI, FRANCESCA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: In the brain, the oxytocinergic system is a key regulator of social behaviour. Oxytocin could therefore become a promising therapeutic molecule to treat behavioural alterations in neurodevelopmental disorders; however, in order to define its translational potential we need to understand more about the localization and signaling properties of its receptor (OTR) in the brain. The OTR is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) able to form homo or heterodimeric complexes with distinct pharmacological properties. Targeting GPCRs dimers in endogenous environments is often problematic: the techniques currently used to study them in native tissues can only prove molecular proximity between two protomers, not their actual dimerization. For these reasons, in my project I worked to develop new tools to study dimeric and monomeric OTRs in endogenous tissues. I characterized a series of bivalent ligands designed to pharmacologically target OTR homodimers, and started to develop an innovative ?Nanoruler? technique to label OTR homodimers in native tissues. In parallel I also run an extensive autoradiographic mapping of the OTR in mouse brains, looking for changes of OTR levels in a mouse model of neurodevelopmental disorder (Magel2-KO). Through my work I already found important sex and genotype-induced effects on OTR expression in Magel2-KO mice, and I showed that in some cases a neonatal OT treatment (that can rescue some autistic traits of this model) modifies OTR levels in several regions. Once the Nanoruler technique is fully optimized we will compare its results with this mapping, to gather new important information about the dynamics of OTR distribution in mouse brain.
title: Pesticide-Leaf Interactions and Their Implications for Pesticide Fate Modeling
Creators: name: Kinross, Ashlie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: The work described here provides measured data to improve the understanding of the interaction between a pesticide and leaf surface after application. Two methods were developed, one using a newly introduced instrument, for the extraction of pesticides from leaves. This is required to measure the concentration of pesticide in the leaves. Using one of the developed extraction methods, measurements were made to determine how a pesticide equilibrates between a leaf and the air above it. These measurements were incorporated into a pesticide fate model that predicts how a pesticide moves through the environment after application to an agricultural field. The updated fate model was used to predict the danger the pesticide posed to honeybees.
INVESTIGATION OF CELL-MICROENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS BY ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES
Creators: name: CHIGHIZOLA, MATTEO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: The role of forces is fundamental in a wide variety of biological processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. The ability of cells to perceive the nanotopographical features of the surrounding microenvironment (i.e. the extracellular matrix, ECM), called mechanotransduction, is mediated by specific trans-membrane proteins, called integrins, clustered together in Integrin Adhesion Complexes (IAC). Unraveling which mechanical and nanoscale morphological properties of the ECM determine the IAC composition and tune specific cellular response, is particularly challenging. Works have shown that biocompatible nanostructured thin films, grown by assembling zirconia nanoparticles (ns-ZrO2) on a substrate by Supersonic Cluster Beam Deposition technique, possess a morphological disorder on nanometer scale with structural features that mimic topographical properties of the ECM. Experiments performed with the neuron-like cell line PC12 demonstrated a link between the nanotopography of the ns-ZrO2 films and mechanotransductive events, which eventually foster neuronal differentiation. During my three years of PhD, I have developed novel approach based on Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to quantify cell sensing of nanotopographical features of the microenvironment, represented by ns-ZrO2 films reproducing the nanostructured surface of the ECM. Using custom ns-ZrO2?coated colloidal probes, we have carried out a quantitative analysis of adhesion strength and distribution of IACs by AFM-based adhesive force spectroscopy. We deposited ns-ZrO2 on custom AFM colloidal probes5. Bringing these nanostructured colloidal probes into contact with the body of living PC12 cells, it was possible to measure the strength, number and distribution of the IAC bonds by AFM force spectroscopy6, for different morphological properties of the interface. Furthermore, I used these functionalized probes to characterize the role of the surface pericellular layer, known as the Glycocalyx, in relation to the cell capability to react to external stimuli. Eventually, along with my personal research project, I had the opportunity to participate to two external collaboration with the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori and with Istitute of Nuclear Physiscs from the Polish academy of Science. These collaborations aimed to exploit the knowledge in the mechanobiolgy field to study the mechanical implications of cells and tissues in cancer development and survival.
The Use of Coding Methods to Estimate the Social Behavior Directed toward Peers and Adults of Preschoolers with ASD in TEACCH, LEAP, and Eclectic “BAU” Classrooms
Creators: name: Sam, Ann
name: Boyd, Brian
name: Hume, Kara
name: Odom, Samuel
name: Reszka, Stephanie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Momentary time sampling, partial-interval recording, and event coding are observational coding methods commonly used to examine the social and challenging behaviors of children at risk for or with developmental delays or disabilities. Yet there is limited research comparing the accuracy of and relationship between these three coding methods. By coding the low-frequency social behaviors of 100 preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder, the current study examines the associations among the three methodologies. Results indicated a strong relationship among all three coding methodologies. The findings provide information to researchers and practitioners considering the benefits and drawbacks of each coding methodology.
La questione animale nella filosofia contemporanea
Creators: name: BROVELLI, LUCA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: This thesis investigates how contemporary philosophy (from 1970) deals with the animal issue. The principal aim of this work is to single out three different ways to face the problem: ethical, phenomenological and genealogical. The thesis outlines characteristics and limits of these approaches and tries to make a dialogue between them, in order to find new perspectives and underline further lines of research. From Singer to Derrida, from Deleuze to Agamben, from Regan to Plumwood, each chapter of the whole document follows the purpose to compare analytic and continental views on the topic, in order to emphasize the main thematical issues of the authors analysed.
Forward Modeling of Reduced Power Spectra From Three-Dimensional k-Space
Creators: name: von Papen, Michael
name: Saur, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a numerical forward model to evaluate one-dimensional reduced power spectral densities (PSD) from arbitrary energy distributions in $\mathbf{k}$-space. In this model, we can separately calculate the diagonal elements of the spectral tensor for incompressible axisymmetric turbulence with vanishing helicity. Given a critically balanced turbulent cascade with $k_\|\sim k_\perp^α$ and $α<1$, we explore the implications on the reduced PSD as a function of frequency. The spectra are obtained under the assumption of Taylor's hypothesis. We further investigate the functional dependence of the spectral index $κ$ on the field-to-flow angle $θ$ between plasma flow and background magnetic field from MHD to electron kinetic scales. We show that critically balanced turbulence asymptotically develops toward $θ$-independent spectra with a slope corresponding to the perpendicular cascade. This occurs at a transition frequency $f_{2D}(L,α,θ)$, which is analytically estimated and depends on outer scale $L$, critical balance exponent $α$ and field-to-flow angle $θ$. We discuss anisotropic damping terms acting on the $\mathbf{k}$-space distribution of energy and their effects on the PSD. Further, we show that the spectral anisotropies $κ(θ)$ as found by Horbury et al. (2008) and Chen et al. (2010) in the solar wind are in accordance with a damped critically balanced cascade of kinetic Alfvén waves. We also model power spectra obtained by von Papen et al. (2014) in Saturn's plasma sheet and find that the change of spectral indices inside $9\,R_\mathrm{s}$ can be explained by damping on electron scales.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
SYNTHESISOF IMMUNO-ACTIVE OLIGOSACCHARIDES AND GLYCONJUGATES AS ANTIGENS FOR VACCINE FORMULATION.
Creators: name: GAO, QI
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Neisseria meningitidis type A (MenA) is a Gram-negative encapsulated bacterium that causes recurrent epidemics of meningitis in the sub-Saharan region of Africa. [1] The development and manufacture of an efficient glycoconjugate vaccine against MenA has to consider the poor hydrolytic stability of its capsular polysaccharide (CPS), which is made up of (1?6)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-?-D-mannopyranosyl phosphate repeating units. [2] Since the chemical lability of MenA CPS is a product of the inherent instability of the phosphodiester bridge, a possible solution could be the replacement of the pyranose oxygen atom with a methylene group to give carbocyclic analogues. In this way, the acetal character of the phosphodiester is lost, and the new molecules are expected to be of comparable stability to that of oligonucleotides. Previous conformational studies indicated that the carba analogues of MenA CPS could be effective structural mimics of MenA CPS fragments.[3] We herein describe our work towards the design, synthesis and preliminary immunological evaluation of carba-oligomers of MenA CPS. A straightforward strategy for preparing the phosphodiester-linked oligomers (monomer, dimer and trimer, Figure 1) has been developed. The synthetic oligomers all have 1-O-phosphodiester-linked aminopropyl spacer arm to allow conjugation with a carrier protein or multivalent support. Preliminary ELISA test showed these molecules could be promising vaccine candidates against MenA.
Aqueye+: a new ultrafast single photon counter for optical high time resolution astrophysics
Creators: name: Zampieri, L.
name: Naletto, G.
name: Barbieri, C.
name: Verroi, E.
name: Barbieri, M.
name: Ceribella, G.
name: D'Alessandro, M.
name: Farisato, G.
name: Di Paola, A.
name: Zoccarato, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aqueye+ is a new ultrafast optical single photon counter, based on single photon avalanche photodiodes (SPAD) and a 4-fold split-pupil concept. It is a completely revisited version of its predecessor, Aqueye, successfully mounted at the 182 cm Copernicus telescope in Asiago. Here we will present the new technological features implemented on Aqueye+, namely a state of the art timing system, a dedicated and optimized optical train, a high sensitivity and high frame rate field camera and remote control, which will give Aqueye plus much superior performances with respect to its predecessor, unparalleled by any other existing fast photometer. The instrument will host also an optical vorticity module to achieve high performance astronomical coronography and a real time acquisition of atmospheric seeing unit. The present paper describes the instrument and its first performances.
description: Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 9504, id. 95040C 14 pp. (2015)
G-protein binding features and regulation of the RalGDS family member, RGL2
Creators: name: Magrini, David
name: Fischer, Thomas
name: White, Gilbert
name: Trabalzini, Lorenza
name: Ferro, Elisa
name: Guazzi, Paolo
name: Pistolesi, Sara
name: Pogni, Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: RGL2 [RalGDS (Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator)-like 2] is a member of the RalGDS family that we have previously isolated and characterized as a potential effector for Ras and the Ras analogue Rap1b. The protein shares 89% sequence identity with its mouse orthologue Rlf (RalGDS-like factor). In the present study we further characterized the G-protein-binding features of RGL2 and also demonstrated that RGL2 has guanine-nucleotide-exchange activity toward the small GTPase RalA. We found that RGL2/Rlf properties are well conserved between human and mouse species. Both RGL2 and Rlf have a putative PKA (protein kinase A) phosphorylation site at the C-terminal of the domain that regulates the interaction with small GTPases. We demonstrated that RGL2 is phosphorylated by PKA and phosphorylation reduces the ability of RGL2 to bind H-Ras. As RGL2 and Rlf are unique in the RalGDS family in having a PKA site in the Ras-binding domain, the results of the present study indicate that Ras may distinguish between the different RalGDS family members by their phosphorylation by PKA.
(3613) Robert Loder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Roles for TAB1 in regulating the IL-1-dependent phosphorylation of the TAB3 regulatory subunit and activity of the TAK1 complex
Creators: name: Campbell, David
name: Cohen, Philip
name: Gaestel, Matthias
name: Arthur, J. Simon C.
name: Burness, Kerry
name: Ronkina, Natalia
name: Shim, Jae-Hyuck
name: Mendoza, Heidi
name: Johnson, Gary
name: Davis, Roger
name: Hastie, James
name: Ghosh, Sankar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The protein kinase TAK1 (transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1), which has been implicated in the activation of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) cascades and the production of inflammatory mediators by LPS (lipopolysaccharide), IL-1 (interleukin 1) and TNF (tumour necrosis factor), comprises the catalytic subunit complexed to the regulatory subunits, termed TAB (TAK1-binding subunit) 1 and either TAB2 or TAB3. We have previously identified a feedback-control mechanism by which p38 alpha MAPK down-regulates TAK1 and showed that p38 alpha MAPK phosphorylates TAB1 at Ser(423) and Thr(431). In the present study, we identified two IL-1-stimulated phosphorylation sites on TAB2 (Ser(372) and Ser(524)) and three on TAB3 (Ser(60), Thr(404) and Ser(506)) in human IL-1R cells [HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney) cells that stably express the IL-1 receptor] and MEFs (mouse embryonic fibroblasts). Ser(372) and Ser(524) of TAB2 are not phosphorylated by pathways dependent on p38 alpha/beta MAPKs, ERK1/2 (extracellular- signal -regulated kinase 1/2) and JNK1/2 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2). In contrast, Ser(60) and Thr(404) of TAB3 appear to be phosphorylated directly by p38 alpha MAPK, whereas Ser(506) is phosphorylated by MAPKAP-K2/MAPKAPK-K3 (MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 and 3), which are protein kinases activated by p38 alpha MAPK. Studies using TAB1(-/-) MEFs indicate important roles for TAB1 in recruiting p38 alpha MAPK to the TAK1 complex for the phosphorylation of TAB3 at Ser(60) and Thr(404) and in inhibiting the dephosphorylation of TAB3 at Ser(506). TAB1 is also required to induce TAK1 catalytic activity, since neither IL-1 nor TNF alpha was able to stimulate detectable TAK1 activity in TAB1(-/-) MEFs. Surprisingly, the IL-1 and TNF alpha-stimulated activation of MAPK cascades and I kappa B (inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B) kinases were similar in TAB1(-/-), MEKK3(-/-) [MAPK/ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) kinase kinase 3] and wild-type MEFs, suggesting that another MAP3K (MAPK kinase kinase) may mediate the IL-1/TNF alpha-induced activation of these signalling pathways in TAB1(-/-) and MEKK3(-/-) MEFs.
The essence of financing the space in in the post-war period as an integral part of the country’s reconstruction plan/Koshova S., Britchenko I., Bezpartochnyi M.//Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice, No 4 (45), 2022. – P. 405-415.
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Svitlana, Koshova
name: Bezpartochnyi, Maksym
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150201 Finance

description: This paper studies the issue of financing the Space Industry at the State Level in the Postwar period as part of the country’s recovery plan, as one of the foremost critical zones of technological development and to ensure space security and defence. The European Space Agency (ESA) is, identified as the main player in the European space sector. It is determined that the current structure of ESA – Space 4.0 – provides for the success of European space activities in close coordination with the needs of European societies and economies. Despite all the prospects, offered by the Space Industry, a number of barriers can hinder full participation in the space economy. These ‘barriers’ include the requirement of large capital investments, technological risk and longer de-velopment times. Public-private partnerships have been, identified, as an effective way to overcome these barriers, so the government should play an important role in pro-moting innovation through the space sector. The war in Ukraine, which began on Feb-ruary 24, 2022, once again, reminds us of the unique value, and critical use of outer space for security and defence purposes. From intelligence gathering and monitoring to the availability of communications. It is determined that the war already has serious consequences for the European space sector. The Space Industry of Ukraine is a critical component of the national economy of Ukraine because it is the motor of numerous imaginative changes in other segments of the economy and contributes to the improve-ment of social, political, financial and natural circles of society. In Ukraine, there's an incessant disappointment in the State to fulfil its commitments to the ventures in the Space Industry. In the conditions of full-scale, ‘war’ the Space Industry isa key element of national security and defence of Ukraine. The financing of the Space Industry at the State level in the post-war period is crucial as part of the country’s recovery plan.
A generative model for protein contact networks
Creators: name: Livi, Lorenzo
name: Maiorino, Enrico
name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Rizzi, Antonello
name: Sadeghian, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a generative model for protein contact networks. The soundness of the proposed model is investigated by focusing primarily on mesoscopic properties elaborated from the spectra of the graph Laplacian. To complement the analysis, we study also classical topological descriptors, such as statistics of the shortest paths and the important feature of modularity. Our experiments show that the proposed model results in a considerable improvement with respect to two suitably chosen generative mechanisms, mimicking with better approximation real protein contact networks in terms of diffusion properties elaborated from the Laplacian spectra. However, as well as the other considered models, it does not reproduce with sufficient accuracy the shortest paths structure. To compensate this drawback, we designed a second step involving a targeted edge reconfiguration process. The ensemble of reconfigured networks denotes improvements that are statistically significant. As a byproduct of our study, we demonstrate that modularity, a well-known property of proteins, does not entirely explain the actual network architecture characterizing protein contact networks. In fact, we conclude that modularity, intended as a quantification of an underlying community structure, should be considered as an emergent property of the structural organization of proteins. Interestingly, such a property is suitably optimized in protein contact networks together with the feature of path efficiency.
description: 18 pages, 67 references
The C-terminus of the transmembrane MUC17 mucin binds to the scaffold protein PDZK1 that stably localizes it to the enterocyte apical membrane in the small intestine
Creators: name: Malmberg, Emily
name: Pelaseyed, Thaher
name: de Jonge, Hugo
name: Hansson, Gunnar
name: Petersson, Åsa
name: Riordan, John
name: Seidler, Ursula
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The membrane bound mucins have a heavily O-glycosylated extracellular domain, a single pass membrane domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. Three of the membrane bound mucins, MUC3, MUC12 and MUC17, are clustered on chromosome 7 and found in the gastrointestinal tract. These mucins have C-terminal sequences typical for PDZ domain binding proteins. To identify PDZ proteins able to interact with the mucins, we screened PDZ domain arrays using YFP-tagged proteins. MUC17 exhibited a strong binding to PDZK1 whereas the binding to NHERF1 was weak. Furthermore, we showed weak binding of MUC12 to PDZK1, NHERF1 and NHERF2. GST pull-down experiments confirmed that the C-terminal tail of MUC17 co-precipitates with the scaffold protein PDZK1 as identified by mass spectrometry. This was mediated through the C-terminal PDZ-interaction site in MUC17 which was capable of binding to three of the four PDZ domains in PDZK1. Immunostaining of wild-type or Pdzk1-/- mouse jejunum with an antiserum against Muc3(17), the mouse orthologue of human MUC17, revealed strong brush border membrane staining in the wild-type mice compared to an intracellular Muc3(17) staining in the Pdzk1-/- mice. This suggests that Pdzk1 plays a specific role in stabilizing Muc3(17) in the apical membrane of small intestinal enterocytes.
(3608) E Lambart
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effect of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota in preeclamptic patients
Creators: name: Contreras, Adolfo
name: Arce, Roger
name: Jaramillo, Adriana
name: Herrera, Julián A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: INTRODUCTION: Few studies have described subgingival microbiota in pregnant women with mild preeclampsia.  OBJECTIVE: Clinical periodontal and subgingival microbiota changes were identified in pregnant women with mild preeclampsia after periodontal treatment.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, 57 preeclamptic women were studied at Hospital Universitario del Valle in Cali, Colombia. Thirty one women were randomized to the periodontal intervention group (subgingival scaling and planing ultrasonic and manual) during pregnancy and 26 to the control group (supragingival prophylaxis). Periodontal clinical parameters and subgingival microbiota were characterized at the time of acceptance into the study and again at postpartum. Eight periodontopathic bacteria and 2 herpesviruses were assessed by polymerase chain reaction. Chi-square, McNemar or Student's t tests were used, with a significance level of p≤0.05.  RESULTS: Both groups were comparable in the clinical and microbiological variables at baseline. Periodontal treatment reduced the average pocket depth in the intervention group from 2.4±0.3 to 2.3±0.2 mm (p<0.001) and in control group 2.6±0.4 to 2.44±0.4 mm, (p<0.001) and bleeding index 16.4±1.5% to 7.9±0.7% in the intervention group(p<0.001) and 17.1±1.8% to 10±0.9% in the control group (p=0.002). The frequency of detection of microorganisms did not differ significantly between groups.  CONCLUSION: Scaling/root planning and supragingival prophylaxis significantly reduced the probing depth and gingival bleeding index. Periodontal treatment was not more effective than prophylaxis in reducing periodontopathic organisms or herpesvirus.
Phases of New Physics in the CMB
Creators: name: Baumann, Daniel
name: Green, Daniel
name: Meyers, Joel
name: Wallisch, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations in the cosmic neutrino background are known to produce a phase shift in the acoustic peaks of the cosmic microwave background. It is through the sensitivity to this effect that the recent CMB data has provided a robust detection of free-streaming neutrinos. In this paper, we revisit the phase shift of the CMB anisotropy spectrum as a probe of new physics. The phase shift is particularly interesting because its physical origin is strongly constrained by the analytic properties of the Green's function of the gravitational potential. For adiabatic fluctuations, a phase shift requires modes that propagate faster than the speed of fluctuations in the photon-baryon plasma. This possibility is realized by free-streaming relativistic particles, such as neutrinos or other forms of dark radiation. Alternatively, a phase shift can arise from isocurvature fluctuations. We present simple models to illustrate each of these effects. We then provide observational constraints from the Planck temperature and polarization data on additional forms of radiation. We also forecast the capabilities of future CMB Stage IV experiments. Whenever possible, we give analytic interpretations of our results.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables; v2: minor corrections, references added; v3: corrected Planck parameter constraints, conclusions unchanged
A MULTILEVEL APPROACH TO DEFINE THE ROLE OF IMMUNE AND METABOLIC CUES ON THE MACROPHAGE/FIBROBLAST INTERPLAY DURING FIBROSIS DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: SETTEN, ELISA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: Alterations in tissue homeostasis occur during inflammation, oxygen deprivation, and remodeling, but they are generally reversible processes. When the cause of injury is severe, persistent or repetitive, acute inflammation could become chronic and dysregulated wound-healing could lead to fibrosis. Dynamic interplay through immune and non-immune cells, such as macrophages and tissue fibroblasts, is crucial to determinate pathological outcome. Macrophages (M?) are highly plastic cells, able to assume different functional phenotypes depending on the microenvironment. Fibroblasts (Fb) are heterogeneous cells that can be activated into myofibroblasts, which are the main sources of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In inflamed tissues and fibrotic scars macrophages accumulate in areas of hypoxia, which is known to impact on macrophages activation. In these contexts the interplay of macrophages with fibroblasts likely affects their biology. In this study, we establish an in vitro direct contact co-culture model with macrophages and fibroblasts in order to elucidate cell-to-cell interactions. The system set-up take into account different microenvironment alterations, including T-cells cytokine secretion and oxygen deprivation, in order to mimic adaptive immune contribution and metabolic switch during inflammation and fibrosis. To investigate the relevance of different microenvironmental cues on M? and Fb activation, we stimulated the co-cultures with pro-inflammatory stimuli (LPS+IFN??or with pro-fibrotic cytokine (IL-4) or with 1% of oxygen tension (to mimic severe hypoxia). Model parameters will be extracted from molecular profiling approaches investigating 44 different combinations of M?and Fb polarized into inflammatory (MI and FbI) and fibrotic (MF and FbF) settings under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, in single cell cultures and direct-contact co-cultures. A multi-level strategy let us to compare different samples, to discriminate the effect of single variable on the system and to combine up to four variables together. We found that, when cells are in direct-contact in hypoxic environment, resting and pro-inflammatory M? and Fb assume or maintain an enriched inflammatory signature whereas pro-fibrotic macrophages inhibit the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory phenotype of fibroblasts. Indeed, single influencing factor alone is not able to induce differences in resulting phenotype but when immune stimuli, hypoxia and co-cultivation are combined together, for a long period of time, they change M? and Fb transcriptional landscape. Implementation of these findings with functional assays is essential to deeper investigate this crosstalk in chronic inflammation and fibrosis to translate candidate genes into predictive biomarkers.
(3610) Daphne Lambart
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Inhomogeneous screening near a dielectric interface
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: Wang, Zhen-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Screening is one of the most important concepts in the study of charged systems. Near a dielectric interface, the ion distribution in a salt solution can be highly nonuniform. Here, we develop a theory that self-consistently treats the inhomogeneous screening effects. At higher concentrations when the bulk Debye screening length is comparable to the Bjerrum length, the double layer structure and interfacial properties are significantly affected by the inhomogeneous screening. In particular, the depletion zone is considerably wider than that predicted by the bulk screening approximation or the WKB approximation. For asymmetric salts, the inhomogeneous screening leads to enhanced charge separation and surface potential.
description: 5 figures
Controlling Test Size While Gaining the Benefits of an Internal Pilot Design
Creators: name: Muller, Keith
name: Coffey, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: To compensate for a power analysis based on a poor estimate of variance, internal pilot designs use some fraction of the planned observations to reestimate error variance and modify the final sample size. Ignoring the randomness of the final sample size may bias the final variance estimate and inflate test size. We propose and evaluate three different tests that control test size for an internal pilot in a general linear univariate model with fixed predictors and Gaussian errors. Test 1 uses the first sample plus those observations guaranteed to be collected in the second sample for the final variance estimate. Test 2 depends mostly on the second sample for the final variance estimate. Test 3 uses the unadjusted variance estimate and modifies the critical value to bound test size. We also examine three sample-size modification rules. Only test 2 can control conditional test size, align with a modification rule, and provide simple power calculations. We recommend it if the minimum second (incremental) sample is at least moderate (perhaps 20). Otherwise, the bounding test appears to have the highest power in small samples. Reanalyzing published data highlights some advantages and disadvantages of the various tests.
Drawbacks to Integer Scoring for Ordered Categorical Data
Creators: name: Ivanova, Anastasia
name: Berger, Vance
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Linear rank tests are widely used when testing for independence against stochastic order in a 2 x J contingency table with two treatments and J ordered outcome levels. For this purpose, numerical scores are assigned, possibly by default, to the J outcome levels. When the choice of scores is not apparent, integer (equally spaced) scores are often assigned. We show that this practice generally leads to unnecessarily conservative tests. The use of slightly perturbed scores will result in a less conservative and uniformly more powerful test.
Gravity and Zonal Flows of Giant Planets: From the Euler Equation to the Thermal Wind Equation
Creators: name: Cao, Hao
name: Stevenson, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any nonspherical distribution of density inside planets and stars gives rise to a non-spherical external gravity and change of shape. If part or all of the observed zonal flows at the cloud deck of Jupiter and Saturn represent deep interior dynamics, then the density perturbations associated with the deep zonal flows could generate gravitational signals detectable by the Juno mission and the Cassini Grand Finale. Here we present a critical examination of the applicability of the thermal wind equation to calculate the wind induced gravity moments. Our analysis shows that wind induced gravity moments calculated from TWE are in overall agreement with the full solution to the Euler equation. However, the accuracy of individual high-degree moments calculated from TWE depends crucially on retaining the nonsphericity of the background density and gravity. Only when the background nonsphericity of the planet is taken into account, does the TWE make accurate enough prediction (with a few tens of percent errors) for individual high-degree gravity moments associated with deep zonal flows. Since the TWE is derived from the curl of the Euler equation and is a local relation, it necessarily says nothing about any density perturbations that contribute irrotational terms to the Euler equation and that have a non-local origin. However, the predicted corrections from these density contributions to the low harmonic degree gravity moments are not discernible from insignificant changes in interior models while the corrections at high harmonic degree are very small, a few percent or less.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, accepted at JGR-Planets
Fast Quasi-Threshold Editing
Creators: name: Brandes, Ulrik
name: Hamann, Michael
name: Strasser, Ben
name: Wagner, Dorothea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce Quasi-Threshold Mover (QTM), an algorithm to solve the quasi-threshold (also called trivially perfect) graph editing problem with edge insertion and deletion. Given a graph it computes a quasi-threshold graph which is close in terms of edit count. This edit problem is NP-hard. We present an extensive experimental study, in which we show that QTM is the first algorithm that is able to scale to large real-world graphs in practice. As a side result we further present a simple linear-time algorithm for the quasi-threshold recognition problem.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ESA 2015