cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diurnal variation of the surface temperature of Mars with the Emirates Mars Mission: A comparison with Curiosity and Perseverance rover measurements
Creators: name: Atri, Dimitra
name: Abdelmoneim, Nour
name: Dhuri, Dattaraj B.
name: Simoni, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, the Emirates Mars Infrared Spectrometer (EMIRS) instrument on board the Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) "Hope", is providing us with the temperature measurements of Mars at all local times covering most of the planet. As a result, it is now possible to compare surface temperature measurements made from orbit with those from the surface by rovers during the same time period. We use data of diurnal temperature variation from the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) suite on board the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) "Curiosity" rover, and the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) suite on board the Mars 2020 "Perseverance" rover, between June and August 2021 and compare them with EMIRS observations and estimates of the Mars Climate Database (MCD) model. We show that although the overall trend of temperature variation is in excellent agreement across missions, EMIRS measurements are systematically lower at night compared to Mars 2020. The lower spatial resolution of EMIRS compared to the rovers and consequently lower average thermal inertia of the observed regions in this particular case primarily contributed to this discrepancy, among other factors. We discuss the implications of these results in improving our understanding of the Martian climate which would lead to better modeling of local weather prediction, useful for future robotic and crewed missions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Functional and morphometric assessment of small-fibre damage in late-onset hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: the controversial relation between small-fibre-related symptoms and diagnostic test findings
Creators: name: Galosi, Eleonora
name: Leonardi, Luca
name: Falco, Pietro
name: Di Pietro, Giuseppe
name: Fasolino, Alessandra
name: Esposito, Nicoletta
name: Leone, Caterina
name: Di Stefano, Giulia
name: Inghilleri, Maurizio
name: Luigetti, Marco
name: Giovanni, Antonini
name: Truini, Andrea
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: We aimed at investigating whether functional and morphometric tests assessing small-fibre damage, ie quantitative sensory testing, Sudoscan and skin biopsy, reliably reflect neuropathic pain and autonomic symptoms in patients with late-onset hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv-PN). In 30 patients with late-onset ATTRv-PN, we collected quantitative sensory testing, Sudoscan and skin biopsy with assessment of intraepidermal, piloerector muscle and sweat gland nerve fibre density. We then correlated these functional and morphometric parameters with neuropathic pain and autonomic symptoms as assessed with the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) and Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 (COMPASS-31). 50% of patients showed small-fibre damage in the form of a pure small-fibre neuropathy, 47% in the context of a mixed fibre neuropathy with small and large fibre involvement. All patients complained of at least one autonomic symptom and 60% had neuropathic pain. Whereas quantitative sensory testing and Sudoscan parameters correlated with neuropathic pain and autonomic symptoms as assessed by NPSI and COMPASS-31, intraepidermal, piloerector muscle and sweat gland nerve fibre density quantification did not. Our findings indicate that functional test parameters reliably reflect neuropathic pain and autonomic symptoms related to small-fibre damage. These findings might help to identify clinically useful biomarkers to assess patient follow-up.
Using CaloFlow simulation to perform anomaly detection in searching
Creators: name: Zhu, Yunhao
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, I use the CaloFlow to perform anomaly detection. It is the first time for applying normalizing flows to simulate the low-probability outlier detections of anomalous photon showers within the ATLAS latest LAr sampling calorimeter set-up. The study is centered around analyzing the LLs histograms gotten by testing the showers of specific particles at various incident positions on the trained γ flows. Futhermore, I demonstrate the potential of combining the outlier detection with the CaloFlow framework is able to create a new architecture in searching long-lived BSM particles within the photon showers.
Higher-Derivative Supergravity, AdS$_4$ Holography, and Black Holes
Creators: name: Bobev, Nikolay
name: Charles, Anthony M.
name: Hristov, Kiril
name: Reys, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use conformal supergravity techniques to study four-derivative corrections in four-dimensional gauged supergravity. We show that the four-derivative Lagrangian for the propagating degrees of freedom of the $\mathcal{N}=2$ gravity multiplet is determined by two real dimensionless constants. We demonstrate that all solutions of the two-derivative equations of motion in the supergravity theory also solve the four-derivative equations of motion. These results are then applied to explicitly calculate the regularized on-shell action for any asymptotically locally AdS$_4$ solution of the two-derivative equations of motion. The four-derivative terms in the supergravity Lagrangian modify the entropy and other thermodynamic observables for the black hole solutions of the theory. We calculate these corrections explicitly and demonstrate that the quantum statistical relation holds for general stationary black holes in the presence of the four-derivative corrections. Employing an embedding of this supergravity model in M-theory we show how to use supersymmetric localization results in the holographically dual three-dimensional SCFT to determine the unknown coefficients in the four-derivative supergravity action. This in turn leads to new detailed results for the first subleading $N^{\frac{1}{2}}$ correction to the large $N$ partition function of a class of three-dimensional SCFTs on compact Euclidean manifolds. In addition, we calculate explicitly the first subleading correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of asymptotically AdS$_4$ black holes in M-theory. We also discuss how to add matter multiplets to the supergravity theory in the presence of four-derivative terms and to generalize some of these results to six- and higher-derivative supergravity.
description: 98 pages; v2: clarifications and details added, accepted for publication in JHEP
Notes on flat-space limit of AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Li, Yue-Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different frameworks exist to describe the flat-space limit of AdS/CFT, include momentum space, Mellin space, coordinate space, and partial-wave expansion. We explain the origin of momentum space as the smearing kernel in Poincare AdS, while the origin of latter three is the smearing kernel in global AdS. In Mellin space, we find a Mellin formula that unifies massless and massive flat-space limit, which can be transformed to coordinate space and partial-wave expansion. Furthermore, we also manage to transform momentum space to smearing kernel in global AdS, connecting all existed frameworks. Finally, we go beyond scalar and verify that $\langle VV\mathcal{O}\rangle$ maps to photon-photon-massive amplitudes.
description: 57 pages, 12 figures, latex; comments added, refs added; the version to appear on JHEP
Invariance in quantum walks with time-dependent coin operators
Creators: name: Montero, Miquel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we unveil some features of a discrete-time quantum walk on the line whose coin depends on the temporal variable. After considering the most general form of the unitary coin operator, we focus on the role played by the two phase factors that one can incorporate there, and show how both terms influence the evolution of the system. A closer analysis reveals that the probabilistic properties of the motion of the walker remain unaltered when the update rule of these phases is chosen adequately. This invariance is based on a symmetry with consequences not yet fully explored.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Finite element modeling of 3D human mesenchymal stem cell-seeded collagen matrices exposed to tensile strain
Creators: name: Pfeiler, T. Wayne
name: Sumanasinghe, Ruwan D.
name: Loboa, Elizabeth G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The use of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in tissue engineering is attractive due to their ability to extensively self-replicate and differentiate into a multitude of cell lineages. It has been experimentally established that hMSCs are influenced by chemical and mechanical signals. However, the combined chemical and mechanical in vitro culture conditions that lead to functional tissue require greater understanding. In this study, finite element models were created to evaluate the local loading conditions on bone marrow derived hMSCs seeded in three dimensional collagen matrices exposed to cyclic tensile strain. Mechanical property and geometry data used in the models were obtained experimentally from a previous study in our laboratory and from mechanical testing. Eight finite element models were created to simulate three-dimensional hMSC-seeded collagen matrices exposed to different levels of cyclic tensile strain (10% and 12%), culture media (complete growth and osteogenic differentiating), and durations of culture (7 and 14 days). Through finite element analysis, it was determined that globally applied uniaxial tensile strains of 10% and 12% resulted in local strains up to 18.3% and 21.8%, respectively. Model results were also compared to experimental studies in an attempt to explain observed differences between hMSC response to 10% and 12% cyclic tensile strain.
Biomechanical impairments and gait adaptations post-stroke: Multi-factorial associations
Creators: name: Lewek, Michael D.
name: Dhaher, Yasin Y.
name: Cruz, Theresa Hayes
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Understanding the potential causes of both reduced gait speed and compensatory frontal plane kinematics during walking in individuals post-stroke may be useful in developing effective rehabilitation strategies. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to select the combination of paretic limb impairments (frontal and sagittal plane hip strength, sagittal plane knee and ankle strength, and multi-joint knee/hip torque coupling) which best estimate gait speed and compensatory pelvic obliquity velocities at toeoff. Compensatory behaviors were defined as deviations from control subjects’ values. The gait speed model (n = 18; p = 0.003) revealed that greater hip abduction strength and multi-joint coupling of sagittal plane knee and frontal plane hip torques were associated with decreased velocity; however, gait speed was positively associated with paretic hip extension strength. Multi-joint coupling was the most influential predictor of gait speed. The second model (n = 15; p < 0.001) revealed that multi-joint coupling was associated with increased compensatory pelvic movement at toeoff; while hip extension and flexion and knee flexion strength were associated with reduced frontal plane pelvic compensations. In this case, hip extension strength had the greatest influence on pelvic behavior. The analyses revealed that different yet overlapping sets of single joint strength and multi-joint coupling measures were associated with gait speed and compensatory pelvic behavior during walking post-stroke. These findings provide insight regarding the potential impact of targeted rehabilitation paradigms on improving speed and compensatory kinematics following stroke.
A finite element inverse analysis to assess functional improvement during the fracture healing process
Creators: name: Spagnoli, Anna
name: Weis, Jared A.
name: Granero-Moltó, Froilán
name: Miga, Michael I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Assessment of the restoration of load-bearing function is the central goal in the study of fracture healing process. During the fracture healing, two critical aspects affect its analysis: (1) material properties of the callus components, and (2) the spatio-temporal architecture of the callus with respect to cartilage and new bone formation. In this study, an inverse problem methodology is used which takes into account both features and yields material property estimates that can analyze the healing changes. Six stabilized fractured mouse tibias are obtained at two time points during the most active phase of the healing process, respectively 10 days (n=3), and 14 days (n=3) after fracture. Under the same displacement conditions, the inverse procedure estimations of the callus material properties are generated and compared to other fracture healing metrics. The FEA estimated property is the only metric shown to be statistically significant (p=0.0194) in detecting the changes in the stiffness that occur during the healing time points. In addition, simulation studies regarding sensitivity to initial guess and noise are presented; as well as the influence of callus architecture on the FEA estimated material property metric. The finite element model inverse analysis developed can be used to determine the effects of genetics or therapeutic manipulations on fracture healing in rodents.
Systematische Ursachenforschung von Erosionsschäden an Windenergieanlagen mittels Computertomographie (XRM) als Basis zur Schadensminimierung und Serviceoptimierung (SUrfErCut) : Schlussbericht vom 30.09.2022
Creators: name: Krenz, Andreas
name: Tornow, Christian
name: Focke, Oliver
name: Abi Aoun, Elie
name: Jensen, Friederike
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Regenerosion
subject: µ-CT
subject: XRM
subject: Thermographie
subject: Windenergieanlage
subject: 500

description: Im Projekt wurde erstmalig das µ-CT und XRM-Verfahren zur zerstörungsfreien Charakterisierung mehrfach zyklisch belasteter Probekörper angewandt und das an realgroßen Probekörper mit Auflösungen bis zu einem Mikrometer. Die bildbasierte Prüfmethode ermöglicht die Identifizierung, Verortung und Charakterisierung der prozessbedingten- und künstlichen Fehlstellen. Die Anwendung der Röntgenverfahren auf die mehrfach zyklisch belasteten Probekörper ermöglicht die Identifizierung und Bewertung von initial Schädigungen “Efects of defects” und in Abhängigkeit von Position, Fehlergröße auf das Bauteilversagen. Am Ende der Untersuchungen steht ein Katalog von aufzufinden Fehler, die in der Produktion zu vermeiden sind und nach der Produktion sowie in der Anwendung der WEA aufgefunden werden müssen. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt war die Entwicklung von automatisierte Auswerteverfahren der µ-CT und XRM-Bilddaten. Im Projekt wurden Methoden der Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) in Form von „machine learning“ und „deep learning“ erprobt und angewandt. Dazu wurden Verfahren wie das „Random Forest Classification“ (machine Learning) zur Erzeugung von annotierten Datensätzen zum Training von neuronalen Netzen angewandt sowie Untersuchung möglicher und relevanter Architekturen und Formen von neuronalen Netzen (z.B. U-Net und Sensor 3D) durchgeführt. An ausgewählten Proben wurden Vergleiche zwischen dem U-Net und Sensor 3D hinsichtlich Fehlstellenerkennung durchgeführt wobei sich das Sensor 3D als das geeignetere zeigte. Auch wurden Verfahren zur Visualisierung der Entwicklung der Fehlstelle nach zyklischer Erosionsbelastung entwickelt und angewandt. Im Projekt wurde erstmalig aktive Thermografie zur Defektdetektion an rotorblattähnlichen, mehrfach zyklisch mit Regen belasteten Probekörpern erfolgreich angewandt. Es wurde gezeigt, dass aktive Thermografie, insbesondere Langpuls-Thermografie auch ohne besonders starke und komplizierte Datenverarbeitung ein mächtiges Tool bei der Defektdetektion an thermisch trägen Materialien darstellt, speziell bei der Qualitätssicherung Wartung von Rotorblättern an Windenergieanlagen.
A numerical model of cellular blebbing: A volume-conserving, fluid–structure interaction model of the entire cell
Creators: name: Young, Jennifer
name: Mitran, Sorin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In animal cells, blebs are smooth, quasi-hemispherical protrusions of the plasma membrane that form when a section of the membrane detaches from the underlying actin cytoskeleton and is inflated by flowing cytosol. The mechanics behind this common cellular activity are not yet clear. As a first step in the development of a full computational framework, we present a numerical model of overall cell behavior based upon the interaction between a background Newtonian-fluid cytosol and elastic structures modeling the membrane and filaments. The detailed micromechanics of the cytoskeletal network are the subject of future work. Here, the myosin-driven contraction of the actin network is modeled through stressed elastic filaments. Quantitative models of cytoskeletal micromechanics and biochemistry require accurate estimates of local stress and flow conditions. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a computationally efficient fluid-structure interaction model based on operator splitting, to furnish this data. Cytosol volume conservation, (as supported by experimental evidence), is enforced through an intermediate energy minimization step. Realistic bleb formation and retraction is observed from this model, offering an alternative formulation to positing complex continuum behavior of the cytoplasm (e.g. poroelastic model of [Charras et al., 2008]).
Mechanical signal influence on mesenchymal stem cell fate is enhanced by incorporation of refractory periods into the loading regimen
Creators: name: Rubin, Janet
name: Case, Natasha
name: Styner, Maya
name: Xie, Zhihui
name: Rubin, Clinton T.
name: Sen, Buer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Mechanical signals of both low and high intensity are inhibitory to fat and anabolic to bone in vivo, and have been shown to directly affect mesenchymal stem cell pools from which fat and bone precursors emerge. To identify an idealized mechanical regimen which can regulate MSC fate, low intensity vibration (LIV; < 10 microstrain, 90 Hz) and high magnitude strain (HMS; 20,000 microstrain, 0.17 Hz) were examined in MSC undergoing adipogenesis. Two × twenty minute bouts of either LIV or HMS suppressed adipogenesis when there was at least a 1 hour refractory period between bouts; this effect was enhanced when the rest period was extended to 3 hours. Mechanical efficacy to inhibit adipogenesis increased with additional loading bouts if a refractory period was incorporated. Mechanical suppression of adipogenesis with LIV involved inhibition of GSK3β with subsequent activation of β-catenin as has been shown for HMS. These data indicate that mechanical biasing of MSC lineage selection is more dependent on event scheduling than on load magnitude or duration. As such, a full day of rest should not be required to “reset” the mechanical responsiveness of MSCs, and suggests that incorporating several brief mechanical challenges within a 24 hour period may improve salutary endpoints in vivo. That two diverse mechanical inputs are enhanced by repetition after a refractory period suggests that rapid cellular adaptation can be targeted.
Stability analysis of a model gene network links aging, stress resistance, and negligible senescence
Creators: name: Kogan, Valeria
name: Molodtcov, Ivan
name: Menshikov, Leonid I.
name: Reis, Robert J. Shmookler
name: Fedichev, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Several animal species are considered to exhibit what is called negligible senescence, i.e. they do not show signs of functional decline or any increase of mortality with age, and do not have measurable reductions in reproductive capacity with age. Recent studies in Naked Mole Rat (NMR) and long- lived sea urchin showed that the level of gene expression changes with age is lower than in other organisms. These phenotypic observations correlate well with exceptional endurance of NMR tissues to various genotoxic stresses. Therefore, the lifelong transcriptional stability of an organism may be a key determinant of longevity. However, the exact relation between genetic network stability, stress-resistance and aging has not been defined. We analyze the stability of a simple genetic- network model of a living organism under the influence of external and endogenous factors. We demonstrate that under most common circumstances a gene network is inherently unstable and suffers from exponential accumulation of gene-regulation deviations leading to death. However, should the repair systems be sufficiently effective, the gene network can stabilize so that gene damage remains constrained along with mortality of the organism, which may then enjoy a remarkable degree of stability over very long times. We clarify the relation between stress-resistance and aging and suggest that stabilization of the genetic network may provide a mathematical explanation of the Gompertz equation describing the relationship between age and mortality in many species, and of the apparently negligible senescence observed in exceptionally long-lived animals. The model may support a range of applications, such as systematic searches for therapeutics to extend lifespan and healthspan.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Two-trace model for spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity
Creators: name: Echeveste, Rodrigo
name: Gros, Claudius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present an effective model for timing-dependent synaptic plasticity (STDP) in terms of two interacting traces, corresponding to the fraction of activated NMDA receptors and the Ca2+ concentration in the dendritic spine of the postsynaptic neuron. This model intends to bridge the worlds of existing simplistic phenomenological rules and highly detailed models, constituting thus a practical tool for the study of the interplay between neural activity and synaptic plasticity in extended spiking neural networks. For isolated pairs of pre- and postsynaptic spikes the standard pairwise STDP rule is reproduced, with appropriate parameters determining the respective weights and time scales for the causal and the anti-causal contributions. The model contains otherwise only three free parameters which can be adjusted to reproduce triplet nonlinearities in both hippocampal culture and cortical slices. We also investigate the transition from time-dependent to rate-dependent plasticity occurring for both correlated and uncorrelated spike patterns.
description: Neural Computation (in press)
Dust formation in the outflows of catastrophically evaporating planets
Creators: name: Booth, Richard A.
name: Owen, James E.
name: Schulik, Matthäus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-short period planets offer a window into the poorly understood interior composition of exoplanets through material evaporated from their rocky interiors. Among these objects are a class of disintegrating planets, observed when their dusty tails transit in front of their host stars. These dusty tails are thought to originate from dust condensation in thermally-driven winds emanating from the sublimating surfaces of these planets. Existing models of these winds have been unable to explain their highly variable nature and have not explicitly modelled how dust forms in the wind. Here we present new radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of the winds from these planets, including a minimal model for the formation and destruction of dust, assuming that nucleation can readily take place. We find that dust forms readily in the winds, a consequence of large dust grains obtaining lower temperatures than the planet's surface. As hypothesised previously, we find that the coupling of the planet's surface temperature to the outflow properties via the dust's opacity can drive time-variable flows when dust condensation is sufficiently fast. In agreement with previous work, our models suggest that these dusty tails are a signature of catastrophically evaporating planets that are close to the end of their lives. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for the dust's composition. More detailed hydrodynamic models that self-consistently compute the nucleation and composition of the dust and gas are warranted in order to use these models to study the planet's interior composition.
description: 15 pages. Authors accepted version, to be published in MNRAS
The effects of a non-zero cosmological constant on the Veltmann models
Creators: name: Lingam, Manasvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Veltmann models, which include the Plummer and Hernquist models as special cases, are studied in the presence of a cosmological constant. Physically relevant quantities such as the velocity dispersion profiles and the anisotropy parameter are computed through the use of the self-consistent approach. The cutoff radii for these models and the mass contained within this volume are also calculated. It is shown that the inclusion of a cosmological constant leads to many observable quantities such as the surface density, dispersion profiles and the anisotropy parameter becoming increasingly modified. In some scenarios, they are easily distinguished from the case where the cosmological constant is absent, as a result of their non-monotonic behaviour. The effects of neighbouring gravitational systems on the central system are also studied, and compared against the effects arising from the cosmological constant. Consequently, it is suggested that the effects of a cosmological constant can prove to be quite important when modelling dilute collisionless systems.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Leptonic cascade decays of a heavy Higgs boson through vectorlike leptons at the LHC
Creators: name: Dermisek, Radovan
name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Lunghi, Enrico
name: McGinnis, Navin
name: Shin, Seodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the potential of fully leptonic cascade decays of a heavy neutral Higgs boson through vectorlike leptons as a simultaneous probe for extended Higgs sectors and extra matter particles at the LHC. The processes we explore are unique in that their event topologies lead to di-boson-like leptonic final states with a lepton pair which does not reconstruct the mass of a gauge boson. By recasting existing $2\ell + E_T^{\rm miss}$ and $3/4\ell$ searches channels using run2 data from the LHC we obtain $\textit{model independent}$ bounds on the masses of heavy scalars and vectorlike leptons and use these results to explore future prospects at the HL-LHC. Our results can be directly applied to any kind of new physics scenarios sharing the final states and the event topology. For concreteness, we apply our results to a benchmark scenario: a two Higgs doublet model type-II augmented with vectorlike leptons. Remarkably, even with current data the sensitivity of our analysis shows a reach for masses of a heavy neutral Higgs and vectorlike leptons up to 2 TeV and 1.5 TeV, respectively. Even for low $\tanβ\gtrsim 1,$ the analysis retains sensitivity to heavy Higgs masses slightly above 1 TeV. The future sensitivities at the HL-LHC extend the reach for heavy Higgses and new leptons to 2.7 TeV and 2 TeV, respectively.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures and 1 supplemental material
SEK: Sparsity exploiting $k$-mer-based estimation of bacterial community composition
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Saikat
name: Koslicki, David
name: Dong, Siyuan
name: Innocenti, Nicolas
name: Cheng, Lu
name: Lan, Yueheng
name: Vehkaperä, Mikko
name: Skoglund, Mikael
name: Rasmussen, Lars K.
name: Aurell, Erik
name: Corander, Jukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Motivation: Estimation of bacterial community composition from a high-throughput sequenced sample is an important task in metagenomics applications. Since the sample sequence data typically harbors reads of variable lengths and different levels of biological and technical noise, accurate statistical analysis of such data is challenging. Currently popular estimation methods are typically very time consuming in a desktop computing environment. Results: Using sparsity enforcing methods from the general sparse signal processing field (such as compressed sensing), we derive a solution to the community composition estimation problem by a simultaneous assignment of all sample reads to a pre-processed reference database. A general statistical model based on kernel density estimation techniques is introduced for the assignment task and the model solution is obtained using convex optimization tools. Further, we design a greedy algorithm solution for a fast solution. Our approach offers a reasonably fast community composition estimation method which is shown to be more robust to input data variation than a recently introduced related method. Availability: A platform-independent Matlab implementation of the method is freely available at http://www.ee.kth.se/ctsoftware; source code that does not require access to Matlab is currently being tested and will be made available later through the above website.
description: 10 pages
Systematic studies of the centrality dependence of soft photon production in Au+Au collision with PHENIX
Creators: name: Bannier, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the earliest days of Heavy Ion Physics thermal soft photon radiation emitted during the reaction had been theorized as a smoking gun signal for formation of a quark-gluon plasma and as a tool to characterize its properties. In recent years the existence of excess photon radiation in heavy ion collisions over the expectation from initial hard interactions has been confirmed at both RHIC and LHC energies by PHENIX and ALICE respectively. There the radiation has been found to exhibit elliptic flow $v_2$ well above what can currently be reconciled with a picture of early emission from a plasma phase. During the 2007 and 2010 Au+Au runs PHENIX has measured a high purity sample of soft photons down to $p_T>0.4\,\text{GeV}/c$ using an external conversion method. We present recent systematic studies by PHENIX from that sample on the centrality dependence of the soft photon yield, and elliptic and triangular flow $v_2$ and $v_3$ in Au+Au collisions which fill in the experimental picture and enable discrimination of competing soft photon production scenarios.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, QM2014 proceedings
High-Fidelity Model of Stand-Alone Diesel Electric Generator with Hybrid Turbine-Governor Configuration for Microgrid Studies
Creators: name: Shah, Chinmay
name: Shirazi, Mariko
name: Wies, Richard
name: Cicilio, Phylicia
name: Hansen, Timothy
name: Tonkoski, Reinaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Diesel electric generators are an inherent part of remote hybrid microgrids found in remote regions of the world that provide primary frequency response (PFR) to restore system frequency during load or generation changes. However, with inverter-based resources (IBR) integration into microgrids, the IBR control provides a fast frequency response (FFR) to restore the system frequency. Hence, supplementing PFR with FFR requires a sophisticated control system and a high fidelity diesel electric generator model to design these control systems. In this work, a high-fidelity model of a diesel electric generator is developed. Its parameters are tuned using a surrogate optimization algorithm by emulating its response during a load change to a 400 kVA Caterpillar C-15 diesel generator, similar to those found in remote microgrids. The diesel electric generator model consists of a synchronous machine, DC4B excitation with V/Hz limiter, and a proposed modified IEEE GGOV1 engine-governor model (GGOV1D). The performance of the GGOV1D is compared with simple, Woodward DEGOV, and a standard IEEE GGOV1 engine-governor model. Results show that error in the diesel electric generator's response to load changes using the GGOV1D model is lower with an improved frequency response during the arresting and rebound period than the other engine-governor models.
Duality Relations for Overlaps of Integrable Boundary States in AdS/dCFT
Creators: name: Kristjansen, Charlotte
name: Müller, Dennis
name: Zarembo, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The encoding of all possible sets of Bethe equations for a spin chain with SU(N|M) symmetry into a QQ-system calls for an expression of spin chain overlaps entirely in terms of Q-functions. We take a significant step towards deriving such a universal formula in the case of overlaps between Bethe eigenstates and integrable boundary states, of relevance for AdS/dCFT, by determining the transformation properties of the overlaps under fermionic as well as bosonic dualities which allows us to move between any two descriptions of the spin chain encoded in the QQ-system. An important part of our analysis involves introducing a suitable regularization for singular Bethe root configurations.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor changes
Umgang mit nicht wahrgenommenen Terminen in der wirtschaftlichen Sozialhilfe: Betrachtung des Phänomens aus der Perspektive der Sozialarbeitenden
Creators: name: Heinzle, Lea
name: Kündig, Lara
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Die Frage, weshalb Klienten und Klientinnen ihre Termine beim Sozialdienst nicht wahrnehmen, obwohl sie Anspruch auf wirtschaftliche Sozialhilfe haben und damit eine Kürzung der Leistungen riskieren, stellt sich in der Praxis häufig. Sozialarbeitende sind mit dieser Herausforderung in ihrem Berufsalltag konfrontiert. Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit mit dem Titel «Der Umgang mit nicht wahrgenommenen Terminen in der wirtschaftlichen Sozialhilfe - Betrachtung des Phänomens aus der Perspektive von Sozialarbeitenden» widmet sich mittels qualitativer Forschung dem Umgang der Sozialarbeitenden mit dem Phänomen verpasster Termine. Mithilfe Leitfadeninterviews wurden die Sozialarbeitenden eines mittelgrossen Sozialdienstes in der Zentralschweiz nach ihren Erklärungen für das Nichterscheinen und zu ihren Bewältigungsstrategien befragt. Die Ergebnisse wurden anhand des paradigmatischen Modells nach Strauss und Corbin (1996) in Verbindung gesetzt. Es konnten drei unterschiedliche Erklärungs- und Handlungsansätze herausgearbeitet werden, welche daraufhin durch den Einbezug bestehender Theorien genauer verortet wurden. Es konnten Unterschiede in der Deutung über den Zweck der Termine, die Erklärungen für das Nichterscheinen und die daraus abgeleiteten Sanktionen entdeckt werden. Durch diese Erforschung des Phänomens aus der Perspektive der Fachpersonen soll eine erste Erkundung der bisher kaum untersuchten Thematik der nichtwahrgenommenen sozialarbeiterischen Beratung im Pflichtkontext der wirtschaftlichen Sozialhilfe erfolgen. Die Forschungsergebnisse legen eine besondere Bedeutung einer kontinuierlichen Weiterbildung und einem sorgfältigen Umgang mit dem Ermessenspielraum nahe.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409
Mildly Flavoring Domain Walls in Sp(N) SQCD
Creators: name: Benvenuti, Sergio
name: Spezzati, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider supersymmetric domain walls of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}\!=\!1$ $Sp(N)$ SQCD with $F\!=\!N+1$ and $F\!=\!N+2$ flavors. First, we study numerically the differential equations defining the walls, classifying the solutions. When $F\!=\!N+2$, in the special case of the parity-invariant walls, the naive analysis does not provide all the expected solutions. We show that an infinitesimal deformation of the differential equations sheds some light on this issue. Second, we discuss the $3d$ $\mathcal{N}\!=\!1$ Chern-Simons-matter theories that should describe the effective dynamics on the walls. These proposals pass various tests, including dualities and matching of the vacua of the massive $3d$ theory with the $4d$ analysis. However, for $F\!=\!N+2$, the semiclassical analysis of the vacua is only partially successful, suggesting that yet-to-be-understood strong coupling phenomena are into play in our $3d$ $\mathcal{N}\!=\!1$ gauge theories.
description: 29 pages, many figures. V2: various changes in Sec. 3. V3: JHEP version
Comparison of microCT and an inverse finite element approach for biomechanical analysis: Results in a MSC therapeutic system for fracture healing
Creators: name: Weis, Jared A.
name: Miga, Michael I.
name: Myers, Timothy J.
name: Longobardi, Lara
name: Spagnoli, Anna
name: Granero-Moltó, Froilán
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: An important concern in the study of fracture healing is the ability to assess mechanical integrity in response to candidate therapeutics in small-animal systems. In recent reports, it has been proposed that microCT image-derived densitometric parameters could be used as a surrogate for mechanical property assessment. Recently, we have proposed an inverse methodology that iteratively reconstructs the modulus of elasticity of the lumped soft callus/hard callus region by integrating both intrinsic mechanical property (from biomechanical testing) and geometrical information (from microCT) within an inverse finite element analysis (FEA) to define a callus quality measure. In this paper, data from a therapeutic system involving mesenchymal stem cells is analyzed within the context of comparing traditional microCT densitometric and mechanical property metrics. In addition, a novel multi-parameter regression microCT parameter is analyzed as well as our inverse FEA metric. The results demonstrate that the inverse FEA approach was the only metric to successfully detect both longitudinal and therapeutic responses. While the most promising microCT-based metrics were adequate at early healing states, they failed to track late-stage mechanical integrity. In addition, our analysis added insight to the role of MSCs by demonstrating accelerated healing and was the only metric to demonstrate therapeutic benefits at late-stage healing. In conclusion, the work presented here indicates that microCT densitometric parameters are an incomplete surrogate for mechanical integrity. Additionally, our inverse FEA approach is shown to be very sensitive and may provide a first-step towards normalizing the often challenging process of assessing mechanical integrity of healing fractures.
Confirmation and characterisation of three giant planets detected by TESS from the FIES/NOT and Tull/McDonald spectrographs
Creators: name: Knudstrup, E.
name: Serrano, L. M.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Albrecht, S. H.
name: Cochran, W. D.
name: Endl, M.
name: Macqueen, P.
name: Tronsgaard, R.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Stassun, K.
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Nowak, G.
name: Deeg, H. J.
name: Barkaoui, K.
name: Safonov, B. S.
name: Strakhov, I. A.
name: Belinski, A. A.
name: Twicken, J. D.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Howard, A. W.
name: Isaacson, H.
name: Winn, J. N.
name: Collins, K. I.
name: Conti, D. M.
name: Furesz, G.
name: Gan, T.
name: Kielkopf, John F.
name: Massey, B.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Murphy, L. G.
name: Palle, E.
name: Quinn, S. N.
name: Reed, P. A.
name: Ricker, G. R.
name: Seager, S.
name: Shiao, B.
name: Schwarz, R. P.
name: Srdoc, G.
name: Watanabe, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the confirmation and characterisation of TOI-1820~b, TOI-2025~b, and TOI-2158~b, three Jupiter-sized planets on short-period orbits around G-type stars detected by TESS. Through our ground-based efforts using the FIES and Tull spectrographs, we have confirmed these planets and characterised their orbits, and find periods of around $4.9$~d, $8.9$~d, and $8.6$~d for TOI-1820~b, TOI-2025~b, and TOI-2158~b, respectively. The sizes of the planets range from 0.96 to 1.14 Jupiter radii, and their masses are in the range from 0.8 to 4.4 Jupiter masses. For two of the systems, namely TOI-2025 and TOI-2158, we see a long-term trend in the radial velocities, indicating the presence of an outer companion in each of the two systems. For TOI-2025 we furthermore find the star to be well-aligned with the orbit, with a projected obliquity of $9^{+33}_{-31}$~$^\circ$. As these planets are all found in relatively bright systems (V$\sim$10.9-11.6 mag), they are well-suited for further studies, which could help shed light on the formation and migration of hot and warm Jupiters.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 19 pages, 15 figures
Axion wormholes with massive dilaton
Creators: name: Andriolo, Stefano
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Soler, Pablo
name: Van Riet, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If Euclidean wormholes contribute meaningfully to the path integral of quantum gravity they can have important implications for particle physics and cosmology. The dominant effects arise from wormholes whose sizes are comparable to the cut-off scale of effective field theory, for which ultraviolet corrections become relevant. We study corrections to classical axion wormhole solutions in string motivated scenarios in which the dilaton partner of the axion becomes massive. We find corrections near the neck region which are consistent with a recent version of the weak gravity conjecture for axions.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, published version
Emergence and persistence of communities in coevolutionary networks
Creators: name: González-Avella, J. C.
name: Cosenza, M. G.
name: Herrera, J. L.
name: Tucci, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the emergence and persistence of communities through a recently proposed mechanism of adaptive rewiring in coevolutionary networks. We characterize the topological structures arising in a coevolutionary network subject to an adaptive rewiring process and a node dynamics given by a simple voterlike rule. We find that, for some values of the parameters describing the adaptive rewiring process, a community structure emerges on a connected network. We show that the emergence of communities is associated to a decrease in the number of active links in the system, i.e. links that connect two nodes in different states. The lifetime of the community structure state scales exponentially with the size of the system. Additionally, we find that a small noise in the node dynamics can sustain a diversity of states and a community structure in time in a finite size system. Thus, large system size and/or local noise can explain the persistence of communities and diversity in many real systems.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in EPL (2014)
$R(K^{(*)})$ with vector unparticles
Creators: name: Lee, Jong-Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the unparticle effects on the lepton flavor universality violating ratios in $b\to s$ transition, $R(K^{(*)})$. We concentrate on the vector unparticles which contribute to the relevant Wilson coefficients $C_{9,10}$. New effects appear in the form of some powers of the momentum transfer squared, which is a different feature from other new physics models like leptoquarks or $Z'$. Constraints from $B_s$-${\bar B}_s$ mixing, $B_s\toμ^+μ^-$, and the electron/muon anomalous magnetic moments are considered. It is found that the vector unparticles successfully explain $R(K^{(*)})$ with moderate values of model parameters.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, improved analysis; journal accepted version
Role of slow, out-of-equilibrium modes on the dynamic structure factor near the QCD critical point
Creators: name: Sarwar, Golam
name: Hasanujjaman, Md
name: Alam, Jan-e
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of slow out of equilibrium modes (OEM), introduced to extend the validity of hydrodynamics near the QCD critical point on the power spectrum of dynamical density fluctuations has been studied. We have used the equation of motion of slow modes for the situation when the extensive nature of thermodynamics is not altered due to the introduction of OEM. We find that the extensivity condition puts an extra constraint on the coupling of OEM with the four divergence of velocity. The dynamic structure factor (Snn) in presence of the OEM shows four Lorentzian peaks asymmetrically positioned about $ω(\text{frequency})=0$, whereas the dynamic structure factor without the presence of any OEM shows three well-known Lorentzian peaks. The width of the peaks are reduced in presence of OEM. We find that the asymmetric peaks originate due to the coupling of the out-of-equilibrium modes with the hydrodynamic modes. It is also shown that the OEM has negligible effects on Snn if first order hydrodynamics (relativistic Navier-Stokes) is used. The introduction of OEM reduces the width of the Rayleigh peak indicating the reduction in the decay rate of the fluctuation which leads to slowing down, a well-known characteristics of the critical end point (CEP).
description: 21 pages, 7 figures