Frutillaria tenuiforceps Richards
Creators: name: Kits, Joel H.
name: Marshall, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sphaeroceridae
Frutillaria
Frutillaria tenuiforceps

description: Frutillaria tenuiforceps Richards
(Figs. 1, 47–49, 88, 89, 93, 108)
Frutillaria tenuiforceps Richards, 1964: 44 –45
Description. Length 1.8–2.3 mm (head + thorax 0.9–1.1 mm)
Occiput brown, face and gena yellow, frons intermediately coloured. Frons with shiny spots lateral to ocellar triangle. Antennae orange. Clypeus and prementum mostly yellow.
Thorax black, wing rudiment blackish. Mesoscutum and scutellum entirely covered with microtomentum. Anepisternum mostly shiny, posterior and dorsal margin with microtomentum. Katepisternum mostly microtomentose, with shiny spot behind coxa and often a separate spot between this and bristle. Posterior katepisternum, meron and metapleuron shiny with exception of a stripe of microtomentum between posterior thoracic spiracle and base of hind coxa. Laterotergite with a large ventral shiny spot.
Legs dark brown to black, fore coxa, trochanters, and joints orange, tarsi brown. Mid femur with 2 anterior bristles.
Male abdomen (Figs. 47–49): Tergites 1–5 covered with microtomentum. Sternite 2 shiny, sternites 3–5 covered with microtomentum. A ring-shaped sclerite present on right side between segment 5 and the epandrium. Surstylus with wide basal part and narrow inner arm, outer corner angularly produced, with a ridge running along inner arm. Postgonite bilobed, both lobes long and pointed. Epiphallus and preepiphallus well-developed, epiphallus broadened laterally. Distiphallus very strongly sclerotized; lateral arms broad, flared and finely frilled at tip; central projecting sclerite very broad in lateral view, frilled and ridged but detail difficult to discern due to strong sclerotization, weakly attached to base of distiphallus; a distinct curved sclerite ventrally attached to base of lateral arms.
Female abdomen (Figs. 88, 89, 93): Tergites 1–6 covered with microtomentum. Tergite 7 mostly shiny, with some microtomentum on posterior corners, tergite 8 mostly shiny, with some microtomentum apically. Sternite 2 shiny, sternites 3–6 covered with microtomentum, sternite 7 shiny on basal half, with microtomentum apically. Tergite 8 complete, epiproct narrowed anteriorly, with small divergent anterior arms. Sclerites of sternite 8 round, hypoproct not developed. Spermathecae with long, mushroom-shaped apical invagination, short basal invagination, both annulated.
Type material. Holotype 3: CHILE: [Valparaíso:] Aconcagua, Zapallar, about 33ºS, 24 Mar 1957, [G. Kuschel] (BMNH, apparently lost). Paratypes: same data as holotype (2 m, BMNH, examined).
Other material examined. CHILE: Valparaíso: Zapallar, Quebrada el Tigre, above tennis club, dung pans, 32°33.12'S 71°26.99'W, 100 m, 9 Dec 2008, J.H. Kits & S.A. Marshall (5 3 6 Ƥ, DEBU); Zapallar, Quebrada el Tigre, upper trail, 32°33.67'S 71°26.70'W, 250m, 9 Dec 2008, J.H. Kits & S.A. Marshall (4 Ƥ, DEBU); Zapallar, 24 Mar 1957, G. Kuschel (3 Ƥ, BMNH).
Comments. This species occurs further north than any known congener. The locality for the recently collected material, Quebrada el Tigre, is a relict forest with botanical affiliation to the temperate rainforest from much further south (Pérez and Villagrán 1985). Other relict forests in Chile’s mediterranean zone may yet prove to hold this or other Frutillaria species.
description: Published as part of Kits, Joel H. & Marshall, Stephen A., 2011, A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 2863 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203208