cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Training Sensitivity in Graph Isomorphism Network
Creators: name: Rahman, Md. Khaledur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph neural network (GNN) is a popular tool to learn the lower-dimensional representation of a graph. It facilitates the applicability of machine learning tasks on graphs by incorporating domain-specific features. There are various options for underlying procedures (such as optimization functions, activation functions, etc.) that can be considered in the implementation of GNN. However, most of the existing tools are confined to one approach without any analysis. Thus, this emerging field lacks a robust implementation ignoring the highly irregular structure of the real-world graphs. In this paper, we attempt to fill this gap by studying various alternative functions for a respective module using a diverse set of benchmark datasets. Our empirical results suggest that the generally used underlying techniques do not always perform well to capture the overall structure from a set of graphs.
description: Accepted for publication in CIKM 2020
The Milky Way bar and bulge revealed by APOGEE DR16 and Gaia EDR3
Creators: name: Queiroz, A. B. A.
name: Chiappini, C.
name: Perez-Villegas, A.
name: Khalatyan, A.
name: Anders, F.
name: Barbuy, B.
name: Santiago, B. X.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Cunha, K.
name: Schultheis, M.
name: Majewski, S. R.
name: Minchev, I.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Beaton, R. L.
name: Cohen, R. E.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Fernández-Trincado, J. G.
name: Garcia-Hernández, D. A.
name: Geisler, D.
name: Hasselquist, S.
name: Lane, R. R.
name: Nitschelm, C.
name: Rojas-Arriagada, A.
name: Roman-Lopes, A.
name: Smith, V.
name: Zasowski, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inner regions of the Milky Way with a sample of unprecedented size and coverage thanks to APOGEE DR16 and Gaia EDR3 data. Our inner Galactic sample has more than 26,000 stars within $|X_{\rm Gal}| <5$ kpc, $|Y_{\rm Gal}| <3.5$ kpc, $|Z_{\rm Gal}| <1$ kpc, and we also make the analysis for a foreground-cleaned sub-sample of 8,000 stars more representative of the bulge-bar populations. The inner Galaxy shows a clear chemical discontinuity in key abundance ratios [$α$/Fe], [C/N], and [Mn/O], probing different enrichment timescales, which suggests a star formation gap (quenching) between the high- and low-$α$ populations. For the first time, we are able to fully characterize the different populations co-existing in the innermost regions of the Galaxy via joint analysis of the distributions of rotational velocities, metallicities, orbital parameters and chemical abundances. The chemo-kinematic analysis reveals the presence of the bar; of an inner thin disk; of a thick disk, and of a broad metallicity population, with a large velocity dispersion, indicative of a pressure supported component. We find and characterize chemically and kinematically a group of counter-rotating stars, which could be the result of a gas-rich merger event or just the result of clumpy star formation during the earliest phases of the early disk, which migrated into the bulge. Finally, based on the 6D information we assign stars a probability value of being on a bar orbit and find that most of the stars with large bar orbit probabilities come from the innermost 3 kpcs. Even stars with a high probability of belonging to the bar show the chemical bimodality in the [$α$/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] diagram. This suggests bar trapping to be an efficient mechanism, explaining why stars on bar orbits do not show a significant distinct chemical abundance ratio signature.
description: 25 pages, 25 figures, Accepted for publication on A&A, in press
The Heavy-Tail Phenomenon in SGD
Creators: name: Gurbuzbalaban, Mert
name: Şimşekli, Umut
name: Zhu, Lingjiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, various notions of capacity and complexity have been proposed for characterizing the generalization properties of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in deep learning. Some of the popular notions that correlate well with the performance on unseen data are (i) the `flatness' of the local minimum found by SGD, which is related to the eigenvalues of the Hessian, (ii) the ratio of the stepsize $η$ to the batch-size $b$, which essentially controls the magnitude of the stochastic gradient noise, and (iii) the `tail-index', which measures the heaviness of the tails of the network weights at convergence. In this paper, we argue that these three seemingly unrelated perspectives for generalization are deeply linked to each other. We claim that depending on the structure of the Hessian of the loss at the minimum, and the choices of the algorithm parameters $η$ and $b$, the SGD iterates will converge to a \emph{heavy-tailed} stationary distribution. We rigorously prove this claim in the setting of quadratic optimization: we show that even in a simple linear regression problem with independent and identically distributed data whose distribution has finite moments of all order, the iterates can be heavy-tailed with infinite variance. We further characterize the behavior of the tails with respect to algorithm parameters, the dimension, and the curvature. We then translate our results into insights about the behavior of SGD in deep learning. We support our theory with experiments conducted on synthetic data, fully connected, and convolutional neural networks.
Numerical simulation of flow in a laboratory tank using a z-coordinate numerical model
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Sergio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A z-coordinate numerical model is employed to study the dynamic response of an upwelling favorable flow in a rotating laboratory tank with a submarine canyon. A vertically uniform body force is exerted on the fluid inside the tank over a time of 30 s, equivalent to the duration of an upwelling event in the real ocean. The results show a flow pattern that is in qualitative agreement with previous numerical, theoretical and field studies. The agreement between laboratory and numerical results is an improvement on previous results obtained using a terrain-following numerical model. However consistent differences at the upstream rim of the canyon exist. A number of processes are investigated to understand the reason for these differences. Results show that the model is extremely sensitive to changes in the bottom friction and interior mixing coefficients. Although the model can be "tuned" to obtain better agreement, this approach is not used because it could mask other important problems. Instead, results from an increased resolution run using distributed processors show that the observed differences are not related to errors in the bottom boundary layer parameterization. Non-hydrostatic effects are estimated, showing a package of standing internal waves that is generated at the upstream side of the canyon. These internal waves are dominated by a second baroclinic vertical mode that is well predicted by the linear theory. However the non-hydrostatic effects are not strong enough to influence the main characteristics of the flow in the canyon. Different advection schemes for the active tracers are compared, showing that non-linear schemes with a flux limiting algorithm produce the best results from a physical point of view. Flux limiters are designed to regulate the flow in areas with steep gradients of the advected quantity; the influence of these algorithms is investigated and it is shown that they constrain the stretching of isopycnals at the upstream rim and thus they account at least in part for the observed errors in this area. Comparisons between stretching and relative vorticity show that the model results are overwhelmed by frictional effects and that the stretching and compressing of isopycnals is poorly represented. Through these modeling steps, it is concluded that the vorticity observed in the numerical model is more related to flow separation than to stretching vorticity effects. This also contributes to the observed differences between the numerical and laboratory results.
Correlation pseudogaps in HTSC
Creators: name: Dayan, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic correlations in oxide HTSC in the normal state are analyzed by the generalized Hartree-Fock theory of Nambu and Gorkov. It yields two kinds of pseudogaps, the small pseudogap (SPG) and the large pseudogap (LPG). The first is obtained by the Fock integral, and the second by the Hartree integral. We find real gaps for the undoped materials, and pseudogaps for the doped and conducting ones. The latter result in the V- shaped experimental density of states.
SIRS Gap Analysis Report
Creators: name: Azzouz-Thuderoz, Maxence
name: Del Cano, Laura
name: Castro, Leyla Jael
name: Dumiszewski, Łukasz
name: Garijo, Daniel
name: Gonzalez Lopez, Jose Benito
name: Gruenpeter, Morane
name: Schubotz, Moritz
name: Wolski, Marcin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: European Open Science Cloud (EOSC)
Scholarly Infrastructures of Research Software (SIRS)
Open Science
Research Software
Open Research Infrastructures

description: The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Scholarly Infrastructures of Research Software (SIRS)report states that software is a necessary component of modern scholarly research and that EOSChas a key role to play, ensuring the overall architecture will be built in a way to cater the needs of theresearch community best. The SIRS report summarised key recommendations and technicalrequirements for the scholarly ecosystem to provide better functionalities and solutions forresearchers. The SIRS recommendations stand on four pillars: Archive, Reference, Describe, andCite research software. The SIRS report includes recommendations on archiving software artifacts,providing or exposing extrinsic and intrinsic identifiers, describing software with metadata, producingreliable citations, and improving the software records' curation quality across the European OpenScience community.This report reviews existing scholarly infrastructures that cater to research software and identifies thegaps between the EOSC Scholarly Infrastructures of Research Software (SIRS) desiderata and thestatus quo based on select examples.
description: Deliverable from the subgroup on the Information Science Perspective of the EOSC Task Force Infrastructures for Quality Research Software
Additional file 1 of Evaluating the efficacy and safety of GKT137831 in adults with type 1 diabetes and persistently elevated urinary albumin excretion: a statistical analysis plan
Creators: name: Livera, Alysha M. De
name: Reutens, Anne
name: Cooper, Mark
name: Thomas, Merlin
name: Jandeleit-Dahm, Karin
name: Shaw, Jonathan E.
name: Agus Salim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Exploratory outcome measures.
Zitterbewegung and its effects on electrons in semiconductors
Creators: name: Zawadzki, Wlodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analogy between the band structure of narrow gap semiconductors and the Dirac equation for relativistic electrons in vacuum is used to demonstrate that semiconductor electrons experience a Zitterbewegung (trembling motion). Its frequency is $ω_Z \approx {\cal E}_g/\hbar$ and its amplitude is $λ_Z$, where $λ_Z = \hbar/m^*_0 u$ corresponds to the Compton wavelength in vacuum (${\cal E}_g$ is the energy gap, $m^*_0$ is the effective mass and $u \approx 1.3\times10^8$ cm/sec). Once the electrons are described by a two-component spinor for a specific energy band there is no Zitterbewegung but the electrons should be treated as extended objects of size $λ_Z$. Possible consequences of the above predictions are indicated.
description: 4pages, 1 figure
Mapping the working of environmental effects in A963
Creators: name: Deshev, Boris
name: Haines, Christopher
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Finoguenov, Alexis
name: Taylor, Rhys
name: Orlitova, Ivana
name: Einasto, Maret
name: Ziegler, Bodo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We qualitatively assess and map the relative contribution of pre-processing and cluster related processes to the build-up of A963, a massive cluster at z=0.2 showing an unusually high fraction of star forming galaxies in its interior. We use Voronoi binning of positions of cluster members on the plane of the sky in order to map the 2D variations of galaxy properties in the centre and infall region of A963. We map four galaxy parameters (fraction of star forming galaxies, specific star formation rate, HI deficiency and age of the stellar population) based on full SED fitting, 21cm imaging and optical spectroscopy. We find an extended region dominated by passive galaxies along a north-south axis crossing the cluster centre, possibly associated with known filaments of the large-scale structure. There are signs that the passive galaxies in this region were quenched long before their arrival in the vicinity of the cluster. Contrary to that, to the east and west of the cluster centre lie regions of recent accretion dominated by gas rich, actively star forming galaxies not associated with any substructure or filament. The few passive galaxies in this region appear to be recently quenched, and some gas rich galaxies show signs of ongoing ram-pressure stripping. We report the first tentative observations at 21cm of ongoing ram-pressure stripping at z=0.2, as well as observed inflow of low-entropy gas into the cluster along filaments of the large-scale structure. The observed galaxy content of A963 is a result of strongly anisotropic accretion of galaxies with different properties. Gas rich, star forming galaxies are being accreted from the east and west of the cluster and these galaxies are being quenched at r
description: A&A accepted. 14 pages, 15 figures
APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO ARIMA À PREVISÃO DO PREÇO DAS COMMODITIES AGRÍCOLAS BRASILEIRAS
Creators: name: Pinto, Pablo Aurelio Lacerda De Almeida
name: Pereira, Elenildes Santana
name: Oliveira, Marianne Costa
name: Santos, Jose Marcio Dos
name: Maia, Sinezio Fernandes
name: Pinto, Pablo Aurelio Lacerda De Almeida
name: Pereira, Elenildes Santana
name: Oliveira, Marianne Costa
name: Santos, Jose Marcio Dos
name: Maia, Sinezio Fernandes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Modelagem ARIMA
subject: Preços agrícolas
subject: Commodities
subject: ARIMA Modeling
subject: agricultural prices

description: Atualmente as commodities representam uma significativa parcela do Produto Interno Brasileiro. Entretanto, o volume exportado pode sofrer influência significativa pelo preço apresentado no cenário internacional, alterando sensivelmente a remuneração do produtor. Dentro deste contexto, o presente trabalho se propõe a analisar o comportamento dos preços recebidos pelo produtor das principais commodities agrícola brasileiras: cacau, café, cana de açúcar, laranja e soja. Para tanto, procurou-se realizar uma previsão ex-ante para os preços destes produtos a partir da metodologia ARIMA. Os resultados obtidos fornecem uma ferramenta de análise para o mercado destas commodities, na medida em que demonstram a tendência dos preços para um horizonte de curto prazo, servindo de auxílio à tomada de decisão de agentes que comercializam estes bens.-------------------------------------------------Actually the commodities represent one significant part of the Brazilian GIP. However the exported volume may suffer significant influence in reason of the price presented by the international scenario, changing sensitively the producer remuneration. Inside of this context, the present paper proposes to analyze the behavior of the received prices by the producer of the main Brazilian agricultural commodities: soy beans, coffee, sugar, orange and cacao. To reach that goal, it was searched to realize one prevision ex-ante for the prices of those products by the ARIMA methodology. The results obtained, give one analyses tool for the markets of those commodities, in the direction which demonstrates the tendency of prices to a short-run horizon, serving as relief to the decision making of the agents which commercialize those goods.
Maximal type inequalities for linear stochastic Volterra equations
Creators: name: Karczewska, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60H20; 45D05; 60H05

description: The note is devoted to estimates for convolutions appearing in some class of stochastic Volterra equations. Two maximal inequalities and exponential tail estimate are proved by the fractional method of infinite dimensional stochastic calculus. The paper extends on non-semigroup case some results obtained earlier for semigroups.
description: 9 pages, shortened and improved version, Journal ref. added
ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS DE GRÃOS NA REGIÃO DE INFLUÊNCIA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTARÉM NO ESTADO DO PARÁ
Creators: name: Almeida, Leandro Morais De
name: Dias, Adilson Freitas
name: Lobato, Marcelo Pereira
name: Oliveira Junior, Jose Nilo De
name: Fernandes, Danilo
name: Almeida, Leandro Morais De
name: Dias, Adilson Freitas
name: Lobato, Marcelo Pereira
name: Oliveira Junior, Jose Nilo De
name: Fernandes, Danilo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Arranjo Produtivo Local
subject: Grãos
subject: Crescimento
subject: Desenvolvimento

description: A pesquisa é desenvolvida tendo como objeto de estudo o setor agrícola de grãos sob a área de influência de Santarém no Estado do Pará. Neste sentido, será considerado o APL de grãos, que não apresentam significativa articulação entre os agentes, conforme constatado nos dados colhidos na pesquisa de campo. Os resultados apontam que o arranjo produtivo de grãos esta assentado basicamente sobre o conhecimento tácito e as vantagens dos fatores locacionais além de ser precária a atuação das Instituições Públicas nas interações com agentes privados, mostrando como essa frágil participação emperra o potencial crescimento econômico do setor.---------------------------------------------This research is developed with the aim of studying cereal production in the vicinity of Santarém, in the State of Pará. In this context, we take into account the local productive arrangements (APL) for cereals. There is a lack of significant articulation among the agents involved in production, according to the data collected for this research. Results showed that the arrangement of grain production is simply based on tacit knowledge and that the benefits derive from specific locations. In conclusion, the poor performanance and growth is a result of both weak relations between the private and public sector, and the fact that public institutions have performed poorly, with respect to this sector.
Periodic-Orbit Theory of Universality in Quantum Chaos
Creators: name: Müller, Sebastian
name: Heusler, Stefan
name: Braun, Petr
name: Haake, Fritz
name: Altland, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue semiclassically, on the basis of Gutzwiller's periodic-orbit theory, that full classical chaos is paralleled by quantum energy spectra with universal spectral statistics, in agreement with random-matrix theory. For dynamics from all three Wigner-Dyson symmetry classes, we calculate the small-time spectral form factor $K(τ)$ as power series in the time $τ$. Each term $τ^n$ of that series is provided by specific families of pairs of periodic orbits. The contributing pairs are classified in terms of close self-encounters in phase space. The frequency of occurrence of self-encounters is calculated by invoking ergodicity. Combinatorial rules for building pairs involve non-trivial properties of permutations. We show our series to be equivalent to perturbative implementations of the non-linear sigma models for the Wigner-Dyson ensembles of random matrices and for disordered systems; our families of orbit pairs are one-to-one with Feynman diagrams known from the sigma model.
description: 31 pages, 17 figures
On the discrete nature of the Red Giant Branch of omega Centauri
Creators: name: Sollima, A.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Pancino, E.
name: Bellazzini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of an extensive VLT high-resolution imaging campaign of the central region of the giant globular cluster omega Centauri. More than 100,000 stars have been measured in the inner 9'x 9' region of the cluster. On the basis of multiband Colour Magnitude Diagrams (CMD), we confirm the existence of multiple stellar populations along the Red Giant Branch (RGB). Moreover, thanks to the high-precision of this dataset, we conclude that the RGB does not present a smooth and continuous distribution, but shows a discrete structure: besides the metal-poor and the extreme metal-rich population (RGB-a), the existence of three metal intermediate populations is shown.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS
O DEBATE BRASILEIRO SOBRE PLURIATIVIDADE: IMPLICAÇÕES SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL E AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Creators: name: Souza, Raquel Pereira
name: Souza, Marcelo Santos
name: Souza, Raquel Pereira
name: Souza, Marcelo Santos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: pluriatividade
subject: atividades não-agrícolas
subject: desenvolvimento rural
subject: pluriactivities
subject: no-agricultural activities
subject: rural development

description: O fenômeno da pluriatividade tem sido um tema bastante debatido e controverso. Nesse debate destacam-se duas perspectivas teóricas que polarizam o debate que são: a do “novo rural” e a da pluriatividade como “estratégia de reprodução social”. Essas perspectivas, apesar de vêem esse fenômeno como eixo dinâmico para o desenvolvimento do meio rural, possuem interpretações diferentes do que vem a ser a pluriatividade. Assim, esse artigo tem por objetivo esclarecer as diferenças, no que diz respeito às construções teóricas de cada uma delas, conceitos utilizados e implicações, tanto no que diz respeito aos elementos necessários para a construção de um processo virtuoso de desenvolvimento, quanto às implicações deste em termos de políticas públicas. Aponta-se que, apesar de ambas perspectivas tratarem do mesmo fenômeno, as implicações em termos de políticas públicas são parcialmente distintas, como decorrência das origens teóricas de ambas.---------------------------------------------The phenomenon of the pluriactivities has been a theme quite discussed and controversial. In that debate they stand out two theoretical perspectives that they polarize the debate: the perspective of the "new rural" and the other which the pluriatividade is considerate an "strategy of social reproduction." Those perspectives, in spite of they see that phenomenon as dynamic axis for the development of the rural way, they possess interpretations different from what comes to be the pluriactivities. Like this, that article has for objective to explain the differences between this theoretical perspectives, in what it says respect about, the theoretical constructions, concepts, the elements that are necessary for the construction of a virtuous process of development and the implications of this in terms of public politics. It is appeared that, in spite of both perspectives they treat of the same phenomenon, the implications in terms of public politics are partially different, as consequence of the theoretical origins of both.
Electromagnetic form factors of pion and rho in the three forms of relativistic kinematics
Creators: name: He, Jun
name: Julia-Diaz, B.
name: Dong, Yu-bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic form factors of the $π$ and the $ρ$ are obtained using the three forms of relativistic kinematics, instant form, point form and (light) front form. Simple representations of the mass operator together with single quark currents are employed with all the forms. The Poincaré covariant current operators are generated by the dynamics from single-quark currents that are covariant under the kinematic subgroup. Front and instant forms allow to reproduce the available data for the pion form factor. On the other hand point form is not able to reproduce qualitatively the experimental data with reasonable values for the wave function parameters. For the $ρ$ electromagnetic form factors, instant and front forms provide a consistent picture. The obtained results do not depend appreciably on the wave function used.
description: 10 pages, color figures. Revised references and discussion. Accepted in Phys. Letts. B
Detecting Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes through Audio Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Fernandes, Marcelo Schreiber
name: Cordeiro, Weverton
name: Recamonde-Mendoza, Mariana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The incidence of mosquito-borne diseases is significant in under-developed regions, mostly due to the lack of resources to implement aggressive control measurements against mosquito proliferation. A potential strategy to raise community awareness regarding mosquito proliferation is building a live map of mosquito incidences using smartphone apps and crowdsourcing. In this paper, we explore the possibility of identifying Aedes aegypti mosquitoes using machine learning techniques and audio analysis captured from commercially available smartphones. In summary, we downsampled Aedes aegypti wingbeat recordings and used them to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) through supervised learning. As a feature, we used the recording spectrogram to represent the mosquito wingbeat frequency over time visually. We trained and compared three classifiers: a binary, a multiclass, and an ensemble of binary classifiers. In our evaluation, the binary and ensemble models achieved accuracy of 97.65% ($\pm$ 0.55) and 94.56% ($\pm$ 0.77), respectively, whereas the multiclass had an accuracy of 78.12% ($\pm$ 2.09). The best sensitivity was observed in the ensemble approach (96.82% $\pm$ 1.62), followed by the multiclass for the particular case of Aedes aegypti (90.23% $\pm$ 3.83) and the binary (88.49% $\pm$ 6.68). The binary classifier and the multiclass classifier presented the best balance between precision and recall, with F1-measure close to 90%. Although the ensemble classifier achieved the lowest precision, thus impairing its F1-measure (79.95% $\pm$ 2.13), it was the most powerful classifier to detect Aedes aegypti in our dataset.
description: Published in Computers in Biology and Medicine
Classification of unexploded ordnance
Creators: name: Beran, Laurens Sander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis I investigate methods for discriminating between unexploded ordnances (UXOs) and clutter items (e.g: shrapnel, geology). I first describe a numerical forward model, the method of auxiliary sources (MAS), which can be used to model the magnetic and electromagnetic response of a conductive, permeable body. I use this model to validate the connection between the parameters of approximate forward models and target properties (i.e target shape). I also examine how model parameters can be estimated from observed data using inversion. I then describe algorithms for discriminating between UXO and clutter. In the statistical classification framework, model parameters are basis vectors within a multi-dimensional feature space. I prioritize features based upon their ability to separate U X O and clutter using canonical analysis. I describe two approaches for partitioning the feature space: modelling the underlying distributions from which the observed feature data are drawn, or directly defining a decision boundary. A suite of statistical classifiers are then applied to magnetics data acquired at three field sites. Finally, I propose an algorithm for selecting a classifier as target excavation proceeds.
Scherk-Schwarz Breaking and Intersecting Branes
Creators: name: Angelantonj, C.
name: Cardella, M.
name: Irges, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of Scherk-Schwarz deformations on intersecting branes. Non-chiral fermions in any representation of the Chan-Paton gauge group generically acquire a tree-level mass dependent on the compactification radius and the brane wrapping numbers. This offers an elegant solution to one of the long-standing problems in intersecting-brane-world models where the ubiquitous presence of massless non-chiral fermions is a clear embarrassment for any attempt to describe the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
description: 48 pages, 13 figures
A non-cooperative meta-modeling game for automated third-party calibrating, validating, and falsifying constitutive laws with parallelized adversarial attacks
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Sun, WaiChing
name: Du, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 35Q70, 74C05, 65G20, 68T42

description: The evaluation of constitutive models, especially for high-risk and high-regret engineering applications, requires efficient and rigorous third-party calibration, validation and falsification. While there are numerous efforts to develop paradigms and standard procedures to validate models, difficulties may arise due to the sequential, manual and often biased nature of the commonly adopted calibration and validation processes, thus slowing down data collections, hampering the progress towards discovering new physics, increasing expenses and possibly leading to misinterpretations of the credibility and application ranges of proposed models. This work attempts to introduce concepts from game theory and machine learning techniques to overcome many of these existing difficulties. We introduce an automated meta-modeling game where two competing AI agents systematically generate experimental data to calibrate a given constitutive model and to explore its weakness, in order to improve experiment design and model robustness through competition. The two agents automatically search for the Nash equilibrium of the meta-modeling game in an adversarial reinforcement learning framework without human intervention. By capturing all possible design options of the laboratory experiments into a single decision tree, we recast the design of experiments as a game of combinatorial moves that can be resolved through deep reinforcement learning by the two competing players. Our adversarial framework emulates idealized scientific collaborations and competitions among researchers to achieve a better understanding of the application range of the learned material laws and prevent misinterpretations caused by conventional AI-based third-party validation.
Mathematical Structure of Anomalous Dimensions and QCD Wilson Coefficients in Higher Order
Creators: name: Blümlein, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The alternating and non-alternating harmonic sums and other algebraic objects of the same equivalence class are connected by algebraic relations which are induced by the product of these quantities and which depend on their index class rather than on their value. We show how to find a basis of the associated algebra. The length of the basis $l$ is found to be $\leq 1/d$, where $d$ is the depth of the sums considered and is given by the 2nd {\sc Witt} formula. It can be also determined counting the {\sc Lyndon} words of the respective index set. There are two further classes of relations: structural relations between {\sc Nielsen}--type integrals and relations due to the specific structure of {\sc Feynman} diagrams which lead to a considerable reduction of the set of basic functions. The relations derived can be used to simplify results of higher order calculations in QED and QCD. We also report on results calculating the 16th non--singlet moment of unpolarized structure functions at 3--loop order in the $\bar{\rm MS}$ scheme.
description: 1 style file, 1 latex file, Contribution to the Proceedings of Contribution to the Proceedings of "Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory, 2004", Zinnowitz, Usedom Island, Germany, April, 2004
The Network marketing of Fresh Agricultural Products in China
Creators: name: Yang, Xue
name: Yang, Xue
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: C2C
subject: Fresh agricultural products
subject: Network marketing
subject: China

description: The paper introduced the connotation of network marketing of fresh agricultural products and analyzed the fundaments of launching the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products in China. The fundaments mainly cover the development of e-commerce, the transformation of consumption concept, the change of live style and the features of Chinese agricultural production. The developmental status of the C2C marketing of Chinese fresh vegetables and fresh fruits is introduced and the plights, including imperfect rural network infrastructure, inadequate talents specialized in network marketing of fresh agricultural products, uneven quality of agricultural products, immature logistics system, uncertainty existed in faced by the C2C marketing of fresh agricultural products and imperfect governmental protection system, are pointed out. In the end, the developmental tend of Chinese network marketing of fresh agricultural products on the basis of C2C mode is described.
Effective restoration of chiral and axial symmetries at finite temperature and density
Creators: name: Ruivo, M. C.
name: Costa, Pedro
name: de Sousa, C. A.
name: Kalinovsky, Yu. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective restoration of chiral and axial symmetries is investigated within the framework of the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The topological susceptibility, modeled from lattice data at finite temperature, is used to extract the temperature dependence of the coupling strength of the anomaly. The study of the scalar and pseudoscalar mixing angles is performed in order to discuss the evolution of the flavor combinations of $q \bar q$ pairs and its consequences for the degeneracy of chiral partners. A similar study at zero temperature and finite density is also realized.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at Strange Quark Matter 2004, Cape Town, South Africa, 15-20 September, 2004
Research on Internal Relevance between New Farmers and New Village Construction
Creators: name: Yin, Rui-Hang
name: Gao, Zheng-Li
name: Yin, Rui-Hang
name: Gao, Zheng-Li
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: New village construction
subject: New Farmers
subject: Main body
subject: Factors
subject: Motive force
subject: China

description: On the basis of Marxist theories, from the perspective that the new farmers are the qualified main body, basic factors and internal motive force of constructing new village, this paper expounds the internal relevance between new farmers and new village construction. Firstly, the new farmers have insight into villages, with strong motive of constructing new village, which make them become the qualified main body in new village construction, secondly, the new farmers are the most basic factor of constructing new village; new farmers have close relationship with other factors, with prominent inseparability; the new farmers have strong ability to replace other factors, and the farmers can shatter capital bottleneck and policy restriction in order to promote raid rural development to some extent; the new farmers with strong mobility, can migrate between city and village or change vocation among different jobs, which breaks through the regional limitation of factors; there are myriad farmers in China, and we can transform tradition farmers into new farmers by fostering, which breaks through the limitation of quantity of factors, so it can guarantee the incessant factor supply for new village construction. Thirdly, the new farmers are the internal motive force for new village construction, because the literate farmers are equipped with technique skills and good at management, and they are the excellent talents among rural groups; the new farmers fathom the characteristics of rural areas, with active consciousness, intense motive and strong ability to construct new village; they pay close attention to new village construction with passion and participate in new village construction actively.
Topological susceptibility, divergent chiral density and phase diagram of chirally imbalanced QCD medium at finite temperature
Creators: name: Ruggieri, Marco
name: Chernodub, Maxim N.
name: Lu, Zhen-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the nonlocal two-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model predicts the enhancement of both chiral and axial symmetry breaking as the chiral imbalance of hot QCD matter, regulated by a chiral chemical potential $μ_5$, increases. The two crossovers are reasonably close to each other in the range of $μ_5$ examined here and the pseudocritical temperatures rise with $μ_5$. The curvatures of the chiral and axial crossovers for the chiral quark chemical potential approximately coincide and give $κ_5 \simeq - 0.011$. We point out that the presence of $μ_5$ in thermodynamic equilibrium is inconsistent with the fact that the chiral charge is not a Noether-conserved quantity for massive fermions. The chiral chemical potential should not, therefore, be considered as a true chemical potential that sets a thermodynamically stable environment in the massive theory, but rather than as a new coupling that may require a renormalization in the ultraviolet domain. The divergence of an unrenormalized chiral density, \corr{coming from zero-point fermionic fluctuations,} is a consequence of this property. We propose a solution to this problem via a renormalization procedure.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Geologic setting of listwanite, Atlin, B.C. : implications for carbon dioxide sequestration and lode-gold mineralization
Creators: name: Hansen, Lyle D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Listwanite (carbonated-serpentinite), commonly associated with high-grade lodegold mineralization, binds large quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂). At Atlin, B.C., listwanite distribution is controlled by a basal thrust fault and regional joint/fracture system with four steeply dipping sets. Carbonation proceeded via three sub-reactions fossilized as spatially distinct mineralogical zones. The index minerals, magnesite, talc and quartz, record three metamorphic isograds defining the magnesite-, talc- and quartz-zones. This same overall mineralogical transformation is under consideration for industrial sequestration of CO₂ in a process referred to as mineral carbonation. The carbonate-alteration reactions were isochemical in terms of major nonvolatile chemical species, except where quartz-carbonate veining and/or Cr-muscovite are present in areas of intense carbonation (indicating Si²⁺, Mg²⁺ and K⁺ metasomatism). The progressive destruction of magnetite during listwanite-alteration allowed for the use of a magnetic susceptibility meter in recording reaction progress and helped delineate subtle variations in reaction progress that might otherwise have gone unnoticed in the field. Although magnesite-zone alteration only accounts for about 5% - 15% of the total carbonation potential for serpentinite, it is widespread and may represent a significant portion of the total bound CO₂. Moreover, the progression of the talc-zone appears to generate fracture permeability. The first two reactions combined can fix approximately half the total carbon sequestration potential for serpentinite with a small associated increase in the volume of solids. The quartz-zone is limited to highly carbonated areas and may be limited in extent due to a large associated gain in solid volume that may act to seal permeability. The first two reaction steps therefore hold the most promise for in situ mineral carbonation and could be preferentially driven by controlling the input fluid composition. Anomalously high gold values are associated with organic hydrocarbons in talcmagnesite rock and depleted δ¹³C (ca. -6‰) in carbonate. This combined with δ¹⁸O values of 7‰ to 16‰ for carbonate is consistent with hydrothermal fluids circulating through and scavenging gold from organic-bearing metasedirnentary rocks. Alteration is contemporaneous with the nearby Fourth of July Batholith (ca. 170 Ma), which may have provided a heat source for hydrocarbon maturation and large-scale hydrothermal convection.
Coherence protection and decay mechanism in qubit ensembles under concatenated continuous driving
Creators: name: Wang, Guoqing
name: Liu, Yi-Xiang
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense ensembles of spin qubits are valuable for quantum applications, even though their coherence protection remains challenging. Continuous dynamical decoupling can protect ensemble qubits from noise while allowing gate operations, but it is hindered by the additional noise introduced by the driving. Concatenated continuous driving (CCD) techniques can, in principle, mitigate this problem. Here we provide deeper insights into the dynamics under CCD, based on Floquet theory, that lead to optimized state protection by adjusting driving parameters in the CCD scheme to induce mode evolution control. We experimentally demonstrate the improved control by simultaneously addressing a dense Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensemble with $10^{10}$ spins. We achieve an experimental 15-fold improvement in coherence time for an arbitrary, unknown state, and a 500-fold improvement for an arbitrary, known state, corresponding to driving the sidebands and the center band of the resulting Mollow triplet, respectively. We can achieve such coherence time gains by optimizing the driving parameters to take into account the noise affecting our system. By extending the generalized Bloch equation approach to the CCD scenario, we identify the noise sources that dominate the decay mechanisms in NV ensembles, confirm our model by experimental results, and identify the driving strengths yielding optimal coherence. Our results can be directly used to optimize qubit coherence protection under continuous driving and bath driving, and enable applications in robust pulse design and quantum sensing.
On the Meshchersky Equation
Creators: name: Zubelevich, Oleg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Variable mass
rocket thrust
chains
bead siphon mechanics
rocket equation

description: In this short note we formulate a version of the mo-
 mentum theorem for the variable mass systems. We deduce the
 momentum theorem from the fundamental laws of continuum me-
 chanics.
Research on Site Selection Model of Distribution Center of Agricultural Products
Creators: name: Li, Yong-Xin
name: Yin, Chun-Wu
name: Hui, Xiao-Jian
name: Li, Yong-Xin
name: Yin, Chun-Wu
name: Hui, Xiao-Jian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Distribution center of agricultural products
subject: Model
subject: Interval number
subject: China

description: In the light of the practical situation of logistics distribution of agricultural products, we primarily select transportation factor, economic factor, environment factor, and other factors, to establish evaluation index system of site selection of distribution center of agricultural products. And then we adopt the analytic hierarchy process method to calculate weight of site selection of distribution center of agricultural products. Under the circumstance that the evaluation information is interval number, we use uncertain and multiple attribute decision making method to establish site selection model of distribution center of agricultural products. Finally, taking one city as an example, we discuss the application of this model in site selection of distribution center of agricultural products. The results of empirical analysis show that the model we established fully considers the randomness and uncertainty in the process of evaluation, so as to make the results of evaluation more objective, in line with reality. So the effect of evaluation is better as against the former real number evaluation calibration.
Two-loop superstrings and S-duality
Creators: name: D'Hoker, Eric
name: Gutperle, Michael
name: Phong, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The two-loop contribution to the Type IIB low energy effective action term $D^4 R^4$, predicted by SL(2,Z) duality, is compared with that of the two-loop 4-point function derived recently in superstring perturbation theory through the method of projection onto super period matrices. For this, the precise overall normalization of the 4-point function is determined through factorization. The resulting contributions to $D^4 R^4$ match exactly, thus providing an indirect check of SL(2,Z) duality. The two-loop Heterotic low energy term $D^2F^4$ is evaluated in string perturbation theory; its form is closely related to the $D^4 R^4$ term in Type II, although its significance to duality is an open issue.
description: 44 pages, LaTeX, epsfig, 1 figure