cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
100 Years of Wireless Telephony in Germany: Experimental Radio Transmission from Eberswalde and Königs Wusterhausen
Creators: name: Mathis, Wolfgang
name: Titze, Anja
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: World War
subject: Eberswalde
subject: Wusterhausen
subject: broadcasting
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: In this contribution, we examine the development of radio technology before 1921 and the emergence of the broadcasting concept during the World War I. We consider in detail the experiments in the transmitter stations located in Eberswalde and Königs Wusterhausen and numerous sources in order to assess the importance of their work. We also discuss the question of whether the medium of broadcasting (“Rundfunk”) started in Germany (or even in Europe) 100 years ago in one of these transmitter stations.
The vortex core excitation spectrum in gapped topological d-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Rosenstein, Baruch
name: Shapiro, Irina
name: Shapiro, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are indications that some high temperature unconventional superconductors have a "complex" d-wave order parameter (with an admixture of s-wave) leading to nonzero energy gap. Since the coherence length is short and the Fermi energy is relatively small the quasiclassical approach is inapplicable and the more complicated Bogoliubov-deGennes equations should be used to investigate the excitation spectrum of such a material in a magneric field. It turns out that equations for the gapped chiral d-wave superconductor, simplify considerably and is the basis for any superconductor of that type with a sufficiently large gap. The spectrum of core excitations of the Abrikosov vortex in an anisotropic 3D sample exhibits several features. Unlike in conventional and gapless superconductors the core has a single excitation mode of order energy gap for each value of momentum along the field. This has a large impact on thermal transport and vortex dynamics.
Unoccupied topological surface state in Bi$_{2}$Te$_{2}$Se
Creators: name: Nurmamat, Munisa
name: Krasovskii, E. E.
name: Kuroda, K.
name: Ye, M.
name: Miyamoto, K.
name: Nakatake, M.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Namatame, H.
name: Namatame, H.
name: Taniguchi, M.
name: Chulkov, E. V.
name: Kokh, K. A.
name: Tereshchenko, O. E.
name: Kimura, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bias voltage dependent scattering of the topological surface state is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy for a clean surface of the topological insulator Bi$_2$Te$_2$Se. A strong warping of constant energy contours in the unoccupied part of the spectrum is found to lead to a spin-selective scattering. The topological surface state persists to higher energies in the unoccupied range far beyond the Dirac point, where it coexists with the bulk conduction band. This finding sheds light on the spin and charge dynamics over the wide energy range and opens a way to designing opto-spintronic devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Comparative Evaluation of Proximate Chemical Composition and Eating Quality of Meat from Three Selected Ethiopian Sheep Breeds in Different Levels of Concentrate Supplement
Creators: name: Ayele, Shashie
name: Urge, Mengistu
name: Animut, Getachew
name: Kurtu, Mohammed
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2018

description: An experiment was conducted to assess the influence of sheep breed and concentrate supplement level on proximate chemical composition and eating quality of mutton. At the end of 90 days fattening, all sheep were slaughtered and 6 to 13 rib position of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle was sampled for meat quality assessments. Higher a* (15.5±0.12), b* (12.9±0.15), and ultimate pH (5.8±0.03) values were recorded in LL muscle of Washera breed than Blackhead Ogaden (BHO) and Horro breeds. However, Washera sheep had lower L* (34.7±0.29) (P<0.001) than BHO sheep. Sheep consumed L2 diet produced mutton with higher intramuscular fat (IMF), lower moisture, and protein than those fed L1 diet. BHO sheep displayed lower protein and higher IMF than Horro and Washera sheep. Lower flavour and overall acceptability were recorded for BHO meat. In conclusion, the study revealed that meat of the three studied sheep breeds differ in nutritional and sensory quality attributes.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Gap Junction Dependent Cell Communication Is Modulated During Transdifferentiation of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Towards Neuron-Like Cells
Creators: name: Dilger, Nadine
name: Neehus, Anna-Lena
name: Grieger, Klaudia
name: Hoffmann, Andrea
name: Ngezahayo, Anaclet
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: transdifferentiation
subject: mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)
subject: gap junction-building connexins
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: In vitro transdifferentiation of patient-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) into neurons is of special interest for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Although there are encouraging studies, little is known about physiological modulations during this transdifferentiation process. Here, we focus on the analysis of gap junction dependent cell-cell communication and the expression pattern of gap junction-building connexins during small molecule-induced neuronal transdifferentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs. During this process, the MSC markers CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD166 were downregulated while the neuronal marker Tuj1 was upregulated. Moreover, the differentiation protocol used in the present study changed the cellular morphology and physiology. The MSCs evolved from a fibroblastoid morphology towards a neuronal shape with round cell bodies and neurite-like processes. Moreover, depolarization evoked action potentials in the transdifferentiated cells. MSCs expressed mRNAs encoding Cx43 and Cx45 as well as trace levels of Cx26, Cx37- and Cx40 and allowed transfer of microinjected Lucifer yellow. The differentiation protocol increased levels of Cx26 (mRNA and protein) and decreased Cx43 (mRNA and protein) while reducing the dye transfer. Cx36 mRNA was nearly undetectable in all cells regardless of treatment. Treatment of the cells with the gap junction coupling inhibitor carbenoxolone (CBX) only modestly altered connexin mRNA levels and had little effect on neuronal differentiation. Our study indicates that the small molecule-based differentiation protocol generates immature neuron-like cells from MSCs. This might be potentially interesting for elucidating physiological modifications and mechanisms in MSCs during the initial steps of differentiation towards a neuronal lineage.
Trigonal warping effects on optical properties of anomalous Hall materials
Creators: name: Adhidewata, Jyesta M.
name: Komalig, Ravanny W. M.
name: Ukhtary, M. Shoufie
name: Nugraha, Ahmad R. T.
name: Gunara, Bobby E.
name: Hasdeo, Eddwi H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological nature of topological insulators are related to the symmetries present in the material, for example, quantum spin Hall effect can be observed in topological insulators with time reversal symmetry, while broken time reversal symmetry may give rise to the presence of anomalous quantum Hall effect (AHE). Here we consider the effects of broken rotational symmetry on the Dirac cone of an AHE material by adding trigonal warping terms to the Dirac Hamiltonian. We calculate the linear optical conductivity semi-analytically to show how by breaking the rotational symmetry we can obtain a topologically distinct phase. The addition of trigonal warping terms causes the emergence of additional Dirac cones, which when combined has a total Chern number of $\mp 1$ instead of $\pm 1/2$. This results in drastic changes in the anomalous Hall and longitudinal conductivity. The trigonal warping terms also activates the higher order Hall responses which does not exist in a $\mathcal{R}$ symmetric conventional Dirac material. We found the presence of a non-zero second order Hall current even in the absence of Berry curvature dipole. This shift current is also unaffected by the chirality of the Dirac cone, which should lead to a non-zero Hall current in time reversal symmetric systems.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
A Gamma Doradus Candidate In Eclipsing Binary BD And?
Creators: name: Sipahi, E.
name: Dal, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BVR photometric light curves of the eclipsing binary BD And were obtained in 2008 and 2009. We estimated the mass ratio of the system as 0.97 and the photometric solutions were derived. The results show that BD And is a detached binary system, whose components have a little temperature difference of about 40 K. By analyzing photometric available light minimum times, we also derived an update ephemeris and found for the first time a possible periodic oscillation with an amplitude of 0.011 days and a period of 9.6 years. The results indicate that the periodic oscillation could be caused by a third component physically attached to the eclipsing binary. After removing the light variations due to the eclipses and proximity effects, the light-curve distortions are further explained by the pulsation of the primary component with a dominant period of 1 day. In accordance with the position of the primary component on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and its pulsation period, the primary component of BD And could be an excellent gamma Doradus candidate. It is rarely phenomenon that a component of the eclipsing binary system is a gamma Doradus variable.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1112.1916 by other authors without attribution
The Spec-Radiation Method as a Fast Alternative to the Re-Radiation Method for the Detection of Flaws in Wooden Particleboards
Creators: name: Schmelt, Andreas Sebastian
name: Twiefel, Jens
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: spec-radiation
subject: angular spectrum
subject: re-radiation
subject: Rayleigh-Sommerfeld
subject: flaw detection
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: For real-time evaluation of non-destructive air-coupled ultrasonic testing of wood-based materials, efficient and reliable calculation methods from ultrasonic holography are essential. Presented here is the spec-radiation method as a fast alternative to the re-radiation method. The spec-radiation method offers a more accurate and up to 88% faster evaluation than the re-radiation method for the determination of flaws in particleboards. Flaws of sub-wavelength sizes can be identified and their shape and location can be determined with this method. The spec-radiation method produces a better reproduction of the sound field than the re-radiation method, especially in the area of the measuring plane.
Light control of the flow of phototactic microswimmer suspensions
Creators: name: Garcia, Xabel
name: Rafaï, Salima
name: Peyla, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some micro-algae are sensitive to light intensity gradients. This property is known as phototaxis: the algae swim toward a light source (positive phototaxis). We use this property to control the motion of micro-algae within a Poiseuille flow using light. The combination of flow vorticity and phototaxis results in a concentration of algae around the center of the flow. Intermittent light exposure allows analysis of the dynamics of this phenomenon and its reversibility. With this phenomenon, we hope to pave the way toward new algae concentration techniques (a bottleneck challenge in hydrogen algal production) and toward the improvement of pollutant bio-detector technology.
Localisation of abundant and organ-specific genes expressed in Rosa hybrida leaves and flower buds by direct in situ RT-PCR
Creators: name: Jedrzejuk, Agata
name: Mibus, Heiko
name: Serek, Margrethe
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: antibody labeling
subject: article
subject: flower
subject: gene expression
subject: gene function
subject: gene location
subject: gene targeting
subject: housekeeping gene
subject: immunodetection
subject: nonhuman
subject: permeability
subject: petal
subject: plant leaf
subject: reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
subject: Rosa hybrida
subject: rose
subject: sepal
subject: signal transduction
subject: antibody specificity
subject: gene expression profiling
subject: genetics
subject: metabolism
subject: methodology
subject: real time polymerase chain reaction
subject: tissue distribution
subject: vegetable protein
subject: Flowers
subject: Gene Expression Profiling
subject: Organ Specificity
subject: Plant Leaves
subject: Plant Proteins
subject: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
subject: Rosa
subject: Tissue Distribution
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: In situ PCR is a technique that allows specific nucleic acid sequences to be detected in individual cells and tissues. In situ PCR and IS-RT-PCR are elegant techniques that can increase both sensitivity and throughput, but they are, at best, only semiquantitative; therefore, it is desirable first to ascertain the expression pattern by conventional means to establish the suitable conditions for each probe. In plants, in situ RT-PCR is widely used in the expression localisation of specific genes, including MADS-box and other function-specific genes or housekeeping genes in floral buds and other organs. This method is especially useful in small organs or during early developmental stages when the separation of particular parts is impossible. In this paper, we compared three different labelling and immunodetection methods by using in situ RT-PCR in Rosa hybrida flower buds and leaves. As target genes, we used the abundant -actin and RhFUL gene, which is expressed only in the leaves and petals/sepals of flower buds. We used digoxygenin-11-dUTP, biotin-11-dUTP, and fluorescein-12-dUTP-labelled nucleotides and antidig-AP/ streptavidin- fluorescein-labelled antibodies. All of the used methods gave strong, specific signal and all of them may be used in localization of gene expression on tissue level in rose organs.
Improper ferroelectricity and multiferroism in 2HBaMnO$_3$
Creators: name: Varignon, Julien
name: Ghosez, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculations, we study theoretically the stable 2H hexagonal structure of BaMnO3. We show that from the stable high temperature P63/mmc structure, the compound should exhibit an improper ferroelectric structural phase transition to a P63cm ground state. Combined with its antiferromagnetic properties, 2H-BaMnO3 is therefore expected to be multiferroic at low temperature. The phase transition mechanism in BaMnO3 appears similar to what was reported in YMnO3 in spite of totally different atomic arrangement, cation sizes and Mn valence state.
A Comparative Evaluation of Open-Source Part-of-Speech Taggers for South African Languages (Unpublished)
Creators: name: DU TOIT, JACO
Publisher: name: North-West University
Year: 2023
Subjects: African languages
Machine learning not elsewhere classified

description: [Abstract] In this paper, a comparison of five different open-source, Java-compatible part-of-speech taggers for ten South African languages is performed. The taggers are evaluated to determine which of the five taggers offer the best combination of accuracy and speed for integration into a web service. The taggers are trained and evaluated using existing annotated data sets, and compared to existing taggers for the languages based on the HunPos implementation. It is shown that the NLP4J tagging algorithm is the most efficient tagger when both the speed and accuracy of respective taggers are considered. Based on the initial results, a series of feature selection experiments are performed for each of the language-specific taggers in an attempt to improve tagging accuracy. The modifications that benefitted each tagger are combined to create taggers that best serve to tag a given language.
 This unpublished paper was presented as a poster presentation at the 2017 Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa and Robotics and Mechatronics conference (PRASA-RobMech), hosted in Bloemfontein, South Africa, 29 November – 1 December 2017.
Time-Reversal Even Charge Hall Effect from Twisted Interface Coupling
Creators: name: Zhai, Dawei
name: Chen, Cong
name: Xiao, Cong
name: Yao, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under time-reversal symmetry, a linear charge Hall response is usually deemed to be forbidden by the Onsager relation. In this work, we discover a scenario for realizing a time-reversal even linear charge Hall effect in a non-isolated two-dimensional crystal allowed by time reversal symmetry. The restriction by Onsager relation is lifted by interfacial coupling with an adjacent layer, where the overall chiral symmetry requirement is fulfilled by a twisted stacking. We reveal the underlying band geometric quantity as the momentum-space vorticity of layer current. The effect is demonstrated in twisted bilayer graphene and twisted homobilayer transition metal dichalcogenides with a wide range of twist angles, which exhibit giant Hall ratios under experimentally practical conditions, with gate voltage controlled on-off switch. This work reveals intriguing Hall physics in chiral structures, and opens up a research direction of layertronics that exploits the quantum nature of layer degree of freedom to uncover exciting effects.
description: Supplementary Information included. To appear in Nature Communications
Polyionic polymers - heterogeneous media for metal nanoparticles as catalyst in Suzuki-Miyaura and Heck-Mizoroki reactions under flow conditions
Creators: name: Mennecke, Klaas
name: Kirschning, Andreas
Publisher: name: Frankfurt am Main : Beilstein-Institut zur Forderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Heck-Mizoroki reaction
subject: Heterogeneous catalysis
subject: Ion exchange resin
subject: Microreactor
subject: Monolith
subject: Palladium
subject: Suzuki-Miyaura reaction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The preparation of monolithic polyionic supports which serve as efficient heterogeneous supports for palladium(0) nanoparticles is described. These functionalized polymers were incorporated inside a flow reactor and employed in Suzuki-Miyaura and Heck cross couplings under continuous flow conditions.
On the emergence of a classical Isotropic Universe from a Quantum $f(R)$ Bianchi Cosmology in the Jordan Frame
Creators: name: De Angelis, Mariaveronica
name: Montani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a spontaneous tendency of quantum wave packets to become quasi-classical, providing a classical limit for the Universe dynamics. However, this limit is not maintained in the future (after a critical value of the relational time) and a spreading process is turned on. We show that the onset of an inflationary scenario is not able to make this localization stable of the wave packets for the Bianchi I model. Instead, when we implement a perturbative inflationary scenario for the isotropic Universe a mechanism of stable classicalization of the Universe emerges. This result outlines a sharp difference between the standard relativistic cosmology and a modified $f(R)$ paradigm.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Autonomous Robots for Active Removal of Orbital Debris
Creators: name: Aghili, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a vision guidance and control method for autonomous robotic capture and stabilization of orbital objects in a time-critical manner. The method takes into account various operational and physical constraints, including ensuring a smooth capture, handling line-of-sight (LOS) obstructions of the target, and staying within the acceleration, force, and torque limits of the robot. Our approach involves the development of an optimal control framework for an eye-to-hand visual servoing method, which integrates two sequential sub-maneuvers: a pre-capturing maneuver and a post-capturing maneuver, aimed at achieving the shortest possible capture time. Integrating both control strategies enables a seamless transition between them, allowing for real-time switching to the appropriate control system. Moreover, both controllers are adaptively tuned through vision feedback to account for the unknown dynamics of the target. The integrated estimation and control architecture also facilitates fault detection and recovery of the visual feedback in situations where the feedback is temporarily obstructed. The experimental results demonstrate the successful execution of pre- and post-capturing operations on a tumbling and drifting target, despite multiple operational constraints.
How "free" are free neutrons in neutron-star crusts and what does it imply for pulsar glitches ?
Creators: name: Chamel, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron superfluid permeating the inner crust of mature neutron stars is expected to play a key role in various astrophysical phenomena like pulsar glitches. Despite the absence of viscous drag, the neutron superfluid can still be coupled to the solid crust due to non-dissipative entrainment effects. Entrainment challenges the interpretation of pulsar glitches and suggests that a revision of the interpretation of other observed neutron-star phenomena might be necessary.
description: Proceedings of IAUS 291 "Neutron Stars and Pulsars: Challenges and Opportunities after 80 years", J. van Leeuwen (ed.); 4 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Continuous monitoring of patients in and after the acute admission ward to improve clinical pathways: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Optimal-AAW)
Creators: name: Garssen, Sjoerd H.
name: Kant, Niels
name: Vernooij, Carlijn A.
name: Mauritz, Gert-Jan
name: Koning, Mark V.
name: Bosch, Frank H.
name: Doggen, Carine J. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist.
Evolution and Features of Dust Devil-Like Vortices in Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection—A Numerical Study Using Direct Numerical Simulation
Creators: name: Giersch, S.
name: Raasch, S.
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: direct numerical simulation
subject: dust devils
subject: Rayleigh-Bénard convection
subject: aerosol
subject: atmospheric convection
subject: dust devil
subject: large eddy simulation
subject: numerical method
subject: radiation budget
subject: Rayleigh number
subject: simulation
subject: vortex
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Dust devils are convective vortices with a vertical axis of rotation that are made visible by entrained soil particles. These soil particles contribute to the atmospheric aerosol input, influencing the Earth radiation budget. Quantifying this contribution requires reliable information about the statistics of dust devils, their formation process, and how they are maintained. In the past, this information was mainly derived from field experiments and large-eddy simulations (LESs). Field experiments suffer from the erratic occurrence of dust devils and the limited area that can be monitored reliably. In LESs, dust devils cannot be resolved completely, especially close to the ground. Additionally, they are affected by numerical features of surface boundary conditions, as well as subgrid-scale models in an unknown way. To mitigate these limitations, we employ direct numerical simulations (DNSs) to improve our understanding of dust devils. We comprehensively investigate the statistics and structure of dust devils for Rayleigh numbers up to 1011 using DNS of Rayleigh-Bénard convection between two plates for the first time. We find that dust devil-like structures occur in DNS with Rayleigh numbers much lower than in the atmosphere (≥107). These results support previous DNS studies in which vortices with vertical axes were observed but not further investigated. The dust devil statistics strongly depend on the Rayleigh number and velocity boundary conditions, but depend little on the aspect ratio of the model domain. Simulated dust devils show very similar properties to convective vortices analyzed in LESs of the atmospheric boundary layer. © 2021. The Authors.
Toward a Spectroscopic Census of White Dwarfs Within 40 parsecs of the Sun
Creators: name: Limoges, M. -M.
name: Lepine, S.
name: Bergeron, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the preliminary results of a survey aimed at significantly increasing the range and completeness of the local census of spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs. The current census of nearby white dwarfs is reasonably complete only to about 20 parsecs of the Sun, a volume that includes around 130 white dwarfs, a sample too small for detailed statistical analyses. This census is largely based on follow-up investigations of stars with very large proper motions. We describe here the basis of a method that will lead to a catalog of white dwarfs within 40 parsecs of the Sun and north of the celestial equator, thus increasing by a factor of 8 the extent of the northern sky census. White dwarf candidates are identified from the SUPERBLINK proper motion database, allowing us to investigate stars down to a proper motion limit mu>40 mas yr-1, while minimizing the kinematic bias for nearby objects. The selection criteria and distance estimates are based on a combination of color-magnitude and reduced proper motion diagrams. Our follow-up spectroscopic observation campaign has so far uncovered 193 new white dwarfs, among which we identify 127 DA (including 9 DA+dM and 4 magnetic), 1 DB, 56 DC, 3 DQ, and 6 DZ stars. We perform a spectroscopic analysis on a subsample of 84 DAs, and provide their atmospheric parameters. In particular, we identify 11 new white dwarfs with spectroscopic distances within 25 pc of the Sun, including 5 candidates to the D<20 pc subset.
description: 35 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Classification of spin Hall effect in two-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Xiang, Longjun
name: Xu, Fuming
name: Wang, Luyang
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical properties such as the conductivity are usually classified according to the symmetry of the underlying system using Neumann's principle, which gives an upper bound for the number of independent components of the corresponding property tensor. However, for a given Hamiltonian, this global approach usually can not give a definite answer on whether a physical effect such as spin Hall effect (SHE) exists or not. It is found that the parity and types of spin-orbit interactions (SOIs) are good indicators that can further reduce the number of independent components of the spin Hall conductivity for a specific system. In terms of the parity as well as various Rashba-like and Dresselhaus-like SOIs, we propose a local approach to classify SHE in two-dimensional (2D) two-band models, where sufficient conditions for identifying the existence or absence of SHE in all 2D magnetic point groups are presented.
From Spin Glasses to Negative-Weight Percolation
Creators: name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
name: Melchert, Oliver
name: Norrenbrock, Christoph
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: disordered systems
subject: frustration
subject: phase transition
subject: optimisation
subject: negative weight percolation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: Spin glasses are prototypical random systems modelling magnetic alloys. One important way to investigate spin glass models is to study domain walls. For two dimensions, this can be algorithmically understood as the calculation of a shortest path, which allows for negative distances or weights. This led to the creation of the negative weight percolation (NWP) model, which is presented here along with all necessary basics from spin glasses, graph theory and corresponding algorithms. The algorithmic approach involves a mapping to the classical matching problem for graphs. In addition, a summary of results is given, which were obtained during the past decade. This includes the study of percolation transitions in dimension from d=2 up to and beyond the upper critical dimension du=6 , also for random graphs. It is shown that NWP is in a different universality class than standard percolation. Furthermore, the question of whether NWP exhibits properties of Stochastic–Loewner Evolution is addressed and recent results for directed NWP are presented.
Toxic Plants of Livestock in peri-urban kebeles of Woliso and Wonchi towns, South West Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Sisay, Biruk
name: Bayu, Yehualashet
name: Kiros, Ashenafi
name: Wondimu, Anteneh
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2018

description: The study was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 to assess poisonous plants and risk of exposure of livestock. A total of 200 volunteer individuals (177 livestock owners, 15 animal health practitioners, and 8 traditional healers) were selected based on the recommendations of knowledgeable elders and local authorities, and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The majority of the respondents (89.5%) reported the presence of plant poisoning. Twenty seven species of plants were identified as toxic to livestock. The plants that were commonly listed as toxic include Medicago burweed (39.7%), Sorghum bicolor (11.7%), Parthenium hysterophorus (8.9%), Pteridium acquilinum (6.1%), and Urtica simensis (5%). The driving factors for livestock exposure to toxic plants were season like rainy season (58.7%) followed by growing nature of the toxic plants (43%), hunger, shortage of feed (41.3%), nutritional deficiency (9.5%), and other reasons (6.1%) such as lack of awareness of the herder about the toxic plants. Most of the toxic plants cause livestock toxicosis by single exposure (74.3%). Cattle were the most susceptible (26.3%). The major plant parts that cause livestock toxicosis were whole plant (70.4%) followed by leaves (16.8%). Bloating, colic, salivation, weakness, and loss of appetite were the most frequently observed symptoms of toxicosis. The study revealed the existence of large number of toxic plants in the area. Therefore, intervention such as awareness creation on the impact of toxic plants to livestock, optimal pasture management, and supplementary feeding during times of adversity is necessary to reduce losses that could result from livestock toxicosis.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Stochastic Local Intensity Loss Models with Interacting Particle Systems
Creators: name: Alfonsi, Aurélien
name: Labart, Céline
name: Lelong, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: It is well-known from the work of Schönbucher (2005) that the marginal laws of a loss process can be matched by a unit increasing time inhomogeneous Markov process, whose deterministic jump intensity is called local intensity. The Stochastic Local Intensity (SLI) models such as the one proposed by Arnsdorf and Halperin (2008) allow to get a stochastic jump intensity while keeping the same marginal laws. These models involve a non-linear SDE with jumps. The first contribution of this paper is to prove the existence and uniqueness of such processes. This is made by means of an interacting particle system, whose convergence rate towards the non-linear SDE is analyzed. Second, this approach provides a powerful way to compute pathwise expectations with the SLI model: we show that the computational cost is roughly the same as a crude Monte-Carlo algorithm for standard SDEs.
Non-perturbative semiclassical model for strong-field ionization
Creators: name: Shvetsov-Shilovski, N.I.
name: Lein, M.
name: Madsen, L.B.
name: Räsänen, E.
name: Lemell, C.
name: Burgdörfer, J.
name: Arbó, D.G.
name: Tkési, K.
Publisher: name: Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atoms
subject: Ionization potential
subject: Phase space methods
subject: Classical trajectory monte carlo
subject: Ionic potential
subject: Ionized electrons
subject: Phase-space dynamics
subject: Semiclassical model
subject: Strong field ionization
subject: Ionization
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Synopsis We present a non-perturbative semiclassical model for strong-field ionization that accounts for path interferences of tunnel-ionized electrons in the ionic potential within the framework of a classical trajectory Monte-Carlo representation of the phase-space dynamics.
Correlations between sunspots and their moat flows
Creators: name: Löhner-Böttcher, Johannes
name: Schlichenmaier, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The presence of the moat flow around sunspots is intimately linked to the mere existence of sunspots. Aims. We characterize the moat flow (MF) and Evershed flow (EF) in sunspots to enhance our knowledge of sunspot structures and photospheric flow properties. Methods. We calibrated HMI synoptic Doppler maps and used them to analyze 3h time averages of 31 circular, stable, and fully developed sunspots at heliocentric angles of some 50$^{\circ}$. Assuming axially symmetrical flow fields, we infer the azimuthally averaged horizontal velocity component of the MF and EF from 51 velocity maps. We studied the MF properties (velocity and extension) and elaborate on how these components depend on sunspot parameters (sunspot size and EF velocity). To explore the weekly and monthly evolution of MFs, we compare spots rotating from the eastern to western limbs and spots that reappear on the eastern limb. Results. Our calibration procedure of HMI Doppler maps yields reliable and consistent results. In 3h averages, we find the MF decreases on average from some 1000 $\pm$ 200m/s just outside the spot boundary to 500m/s after an additional 4 Mm. The average MF extension lies at 9.2 $\pm$ 5 Mm, where the velocity drops below some 180m/s. Neither the MF velocity nor its extension depend significantly on the sunspot size or EF velocity. But, the EF velocity does show a tendency to be enhanced with sunspot size. On a time scale of a week and a month, we find decreasing MF extensions and a tendency for the MF velocity to increase for strongly decaying sunspots, whereas the changing EF velocity has no impact on the MF. Conclusions. On 3h averages, the EF velocity scales with the size of sunspots, while the MF properties show no significant correlation with the EF or with the sunspot size. This we interpret as a hint that the physical origins of EF and MF are distinct.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 1 table; appendix: 3 pages, 2 figures, 1 table ; accepted by A&A
M-lodosylbenzoic acid - A convenient recyclable reagent for highly efficient aromatic iodinations
Creators: name: Kirschning, Andreas
name: Yusubov, Mekhman S.
name: Yusubova, Roza Y.
name: Chi, Ki-Whan
name: Park, Joo Y.
Publisher: name: Frankfurt am Main : Beilstein-Institut zur Forderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: M-lodosylbenzoic acid
subject: IRA-900
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: m-lodosylbenzoic acid performs iodinations of arenes in the presence of iodine at room temperature in acetonitrile. Separation of pure products is conveniently achieved by scavenging any aryl iodide by ion exchange with IRA-900 (hydroxide form). The reduced form of the reagent, m-iodobenzoic acid, can be easily recovered from the ion exchange resin or from the basic aqueous solution by simple acidification with HCl.
Tailoring the Photoelectrochemical Activity of TiO2 Electrodes by Multilayer Screen-Printing
Creators: name: Günnemann, Carsten
name: Curti, Mariano
name: Eckert, J. Gerrit
name: Schneider, Jenny
name: Bahnemann, Detlef W.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : WILEY-VCH Verlag
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: screen‐printing
subject: solar cell
subject: photoelectrocatalytic oxidation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Screen‐printing is a commonly used method for the preparation of photoelectrodes. Although previous studies have explored the effect of the number of printed layers on the efficiency of dye‐sensitized solar cells, its interplay with the photoelectrocatalytic properties of the electrodes has rarely been examined. This study focuses on this issue by studying the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of methanol over TiO2 electrodes. Incident photon‐to‐current efficiencies reached 87 % at the optimal conditions of monochromatic (338 nm) irradiation of one‐layer films at 0.2 V vs NHE. However, the irradiation wavelength and applied bias strongly influenced the relative behavior of the films. For instance, at 0.5 V and 327 nm irradiation, the one‐layer electrode was 6 times more efficient than the four‐layer one, while at 385 nm the four‐layer electrode was 3.5 times more efficient. The results were explained on the basis of differing light absorption properties and charge carrier lifetimes. Modelling and quantification of the electron diffusion length (5.7 μm) helped to explain why the two‐layer electrode (4.89 μm thick) showed the most consistent efficiencies across all conditions. Complementarily, transient absorption spectroscopy was used to correlate the thicknesses with charge carrier lifetimes. Electron transfer to FTO was apparent only for the thinner electrode. Our work shows that the optimization of photoelectrocatalytic processes should include the number of layers as a key variable.
Peak-Seeking Controller for Real-Time Mobile Satellite Tracking
Creators: name: Karol, Robert Frederick
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: satellite tracking
subject: peak-seeking control
subject: stabilized gimbal tracking
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: satcom on-the-move
subject: conical scanning

description: Increasingly tightened restrictions on antenna beam-width force the use of higher performance hardware in gimbaled satellite communication transceivers. The need for more precise hardware is forcing the price of gimbal-mounted satellites antennas higher. In addition to the increased cost, as more satellites are launched every year, the demand for antenna systems which can receive data from the new satellites grows. Although algorithms capable of tracking a satellite with a mobile antenna have been developed and characterized in detail, instabilities in the system and cross-axis eects degrade the performance. Since an increase in tracking capability would be most benecial if it did not require extensive hardware changes, this project focuses on improvements to the conical scanning algorithm. An algorithm which is one of the oldest, and most common mobile satellite tracking system implementations. Initial work was done on developing and characterizing a new estimator which could be used while continuing to scan the antenna with as few software modications as possible. After successful development, work was done to eliminate the induced scanning motion and gain observability in the system using nothing but the noise inherent in the system.
Additional file 1 of Participant retention in paediatric randomised controlled trials published in six major journals 2015–2019: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gaunt, Daisy M.
name: Papastavrou Brooks, Cat
name: Pedder, Hugo
name: Crawley, Esther
name: Horwood, Jeremy
name: Metcalfe, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Search strategy. Appendix 2. Data extraction proforma. Appendix 3. Protocol.
Ibuprofen Degradation and Associated Bacterial Communities in Hyporheic Zone Sediments
Creators: name: Rutere, Cyrus
name: Knoop, Kirsten
name: Posselt, Malte
name: Ho, Adrian
name: Horn, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ibuprofen
subject: hyporheic zone
subject: sediments
subject: micropollutant
subject: biodegradation
subject: model organism
subject: microbial ecology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain reliever, is among pharmaceutical residues of environmental concern ubiquitously detected in wastewater effluents and receiving rivers. Thus, ibuprofen removal potentials and associated bacteria in the hyporheic zone sediments of an impacted river were investigated. Microbially mediated ibuprofen degradation was determined in oxic sediment microcosms amended with ibuprofen (5, 40, 200, and 400 µM), or ibuprofen and acetate, relative to an un-amended control. Ibuprofen was removed by the original sediment microbial community as well as in ibuprofen-enrichments obtained by re-feeding of ibuprofen. Here, 1-, 2-, 3-hydroxy- and carboxy-ibuprofen were the primary transformation products. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a significantly higher 16S rRNA abundance in ibuprofen-amended relative to un-amended incubations. Time-resolved microbial community dynamics evaluated by 16S rRNA gene and 16S rRNA analyses revealed many new ibuprofen responsive taxa of the Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Latescibacteria, and Proteobacteria. Two ibuprofen-degrading strains belonging to the genera Novosphingobium and Pseudomonas were isolated from the ibuprofen-enriched sediments, consuming 400 and 300 µM ibuprofen within three and eight days, respectively. The collective results indicated that the hyporheic zone sediments sustain an efficient biotic (micro-)pollutant degradation potential, and hitherto unknown microbial diversity associated with such (micro)pollutant removal.
Georg Greflinger – Digitale Archiv-Edition sämtlicher Werke und Schriften. Pilotprojekt: Ethica Complementoria (1645) [Poster]
Creators: name: Rockenberger, Annika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Georg Greflinger
Digital Scholarly Edition
Ethica Complementoria

description: Poster presented at the Digital Humanities Deutschland Unconference in Hamburg, Germany, 17 July 2012.
description: The contact information on the poster is outdated. Please contact me via annika.rockenberger[at]ub.uio.no.
title: Ist die Bibliothek ein Dritter Ort? Ein Seminarbericht
Creators: name: Haas, Corinna
name: Mumenthaler, Rudolf
name: Schuldt, Karsten
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Das Schlagwort „Dritter Raum” beziehungsweise „Dritter Ort” hat sich in den letzten Jahren im Bibliothekswesen etabliert. Es beschreibt strategische Entscheidungen von Bibliotheken, sich als Kommunikationsort und gesellschaftlichen Raum zu entwerfen. In einem Seminar an der HTW Chur wurde das Schlagwort einer kritischen Prüfung unterzogen (1). Zuerst wurden die Herkunft und heutige Nutzung des Schlagworts überprüft (2). Dabei zeigten sich relevante Differenzen sowohl zwischen der Originalliteratur, die im US-amerikanischen Rahmen der 80er und 90er Jahre angesiedelt ist und der heutigen bibliothekarischen Verwendung, als auch zwischen Bibliotheken, die das Schlagwort nutzen. In einem weiteren Schritt überprüften Studierende in verschiedenen neu- oder umgebauten schweizerischen Bibliotheken forschend die These vom „Dritten Ort” (3). Die Arbeiten der Studierenden zeigten vor allem Bibliotheken, die infrastrukturell „Dritte Orte” sein wollen, aber von den Nutzerinnen und Nutzern nicht als solche akzeptiert werden. Der Text stellt die im Seminar geleistete Arbeit dar und schliesst (4) mit offenen Fragen, die sich aus den festgestellten Differenzen zwischen bibliothekarischem Diskurs, Realität in den Bibliotheken und Zielen der Originalliteratur ergeben.
description: Informationspraxis, Bd. 1, Nr. 2 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2015, Ausgaben pro Band: 2, Bände pro Jahr: 1
On the torsion function with Robin or Dirichlet boundary conditions
Creators: name: Berg, M. van den
name: Bucur, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25, 35P99, 58J35

description: For $p\in (1,+\infty)$ and $b \in (0, +\infty]$ the $p$-torsion function with Robin boundary conditions associated to an arbitrary open set $\Om \subset \R^m$ satisfies formally the equation $-Δ_p =1$ in $\Om$ and $|\nabla u|^{p-2} \frac{\partial u}{\partial n} + b|u|^{p-2} u =0$ on $\partial \Om$. We obtain bounds of the $L^\infty$ norm of $u$ {\it only} in terms of the bottom of the spectrum (of the Robin $p$-Laplacian), $b$ and the dimension of the space in the following two extremal cases: the linear framework (corresponding to $p=2$) and arbitrary $b>0$, and the non-linear framework (corresponding to arbitrary $p>1$) and Dirichlet boundary conditions ($b=+\infty$). In the general case, $p\not=2, p \in (1, +\infty)$ and $b>0$ our bounds involve also the Lebesgue measure of $\Om$.
description: 19 pages