cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relativistic Corrections to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect for Clusters of Galaxies. II. Inclusion of Peculiar Velocities
Creators: name: Nozawa, Satoshi
name: Itoh, Naoki
name: Kohyama, Yasuharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the formalism of the relativistic thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect to the system moving with a velocity beta (= v/c) with respect to the cosmic microwave background radiation. In the present formalism, the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect for the cluster of galaxies with a peculiar velocity is derived in a straightforward manner by the Lorentz boost of the generalized Kompaneets equation. We give an analytic expression for the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect which is valid up to O(beta^{2}) with the power series expansion approximation in terms of theta_{e} = k_{B} T_{e}/ mc^{2}, where T_{e} and m are the electron temperature and the electron mass, respectively. It is found that the relativistic corrections to the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect are significant. For a typical electron temperature 10keV, one obtains -8.2% and +1.3% corrections from the O(beta theta_{e}) and O(beta theta_{e}^{2}) contributions, respectively. The O(beta^{2}) correction is extremely small, +0.2% for beta=1/300 at 10keV. Therefore it can be safely neglected. These relativistic corrections are directly reflected on the determination of the peculiar velocity of the cluster of galaxies with the observation of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect.
description: 19 pages + 4 figures, LaTeX with AASMS macro, Submitted to ApJ for publication
Schätzung der Zahl der HIV-Neuinfektionen und der Gesamtzahl von Menschen, die mit HIV in Deutschland leben, Stand Ende 2018
Creators: name: An Der Heiden, Matthias
name: Marcus, Ulrich
name: Kollan, Christian
name: Schmidt, Daniel
name: Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara
name: Bremer, Viviane
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: HIV
subject: AIDS
subject: Neuinfektionen
subject: MSM
subject: Drogengebrauch
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Vom RKI werden regelmäßig Schätzungen zum Verlauf der HIV-Epidemie erstellt. Die Schätzung soll insbesondere die Planung von Präventionsmaßnahmen erleichtern und die Evidenzgrundlage für die Bereitstellung einer ausreichenden medizinischen Versorgung und für weitere gesundheitspolitische Entscheidungen verbessern. Die Zahl der HIV-Neuinfektionen in Deutschland und bei Menschen deutscher Herkunft, die sich im Ausland mit HIV infiziert haben, wird 2018 auf 2.400 geschätzt und geht damit weiter zurück (2015: ca. 2.800). Allerdings liegt die Zahl der Menschen mit HIV, die noch nicht diagnostiziert wurden, seit 2013 konstant bei etwa 10.600. Wie das Epidemiologische Bulletin 46/2019 weiter ausführt, ist der Anteil der Personen, die mit einer HIV-Infektion diagnostiziert wurden und eine ART erhalten von 78% im Jahr 2006 auf 93% im Jahr 2018 angestiegen. Der Anteil erfolgreicher Therapien liegt bei etwa 95%.
Strong Thermo-mechanical Squeezing in a far detuned Membrane-in-the-middle System
Creators: name: Sonar, Sameer
name: Fedoseev, Vitaly
name: Weaver, Matthew
name: Luna, Fernando
name: Vlieg, Elger
name: van der Meer, Harmen
name: Bouwmeester, Dirk
name: Löffler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate 8.5 dB thermal squeezing of a membrane oscillator using the dynamical backaction effect and electrostatic feedback in an optomechanical membrane-in-the-middle setup. We show that strong squeezing can be obtained even in the far detuning regime of a sideband-resolved system. By using the dielectrophoretic force of a metallic needle kept in close proximity to the membrane, we implement the one-quadrature active feedback scheme to prevent the divergence of the amplified quadrature and surpass the 3 dB limit of mechanical squeezing. We also discuss different regions of the sideband spectrum where strong squeezing can be obtained. Although the demonstration here is classical, this technique is equally applicable to prepare the mechanical oscillator in a quantum squeezed state.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
BFGAN: Backward and Forward Generative Adversarial Networks for Lexically Constrained Sentence Generation
Creators: name: Liu, Dayiheng
name: Fu, Jie
name: Qu, Qian
name: Lv, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incorporating prior knowledge like lexical constraints into the model's output to generate meaningful and coherent sentences has many applications in dialogue system, machine translation, image captioning, etc. However, existing RNN-based models incrementally generate sentences from left to right via beam search, which makes it difficult to directly introduce lexical constraints into the generated sentences. In this paper, we propose a new algorithmic framework, dubbed BFGAN, to address this challenge. Specifically, we employ a backward generator and a forward generator to generate lexically constrained sentences together, and use a discriminator to guide the joint training of two generators by assigning them reward signals. Due to the difficulty of BFGAN training, we propose several training techniques to make the training process more stable and efficient. Our extensive experiments on two large-scale datasets with human evaluation demonstrate that BFGAN has significant improvements over previous methods.
Effective Quantum Observables
Creators: name: Brunner, N.
name: Svozil, K.
name: Baaz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thought experiments about the physical nature of set theoretical counterexamples to the axiom of choice motivate the investigation of peculiar constructions, e.g. an infinite dimensional Hilbert space with a modular quantum logic. Applying a concept due to BENIOFF, we identify the intrinsically effective Hamiltonians with those observables of quantum theory which may coexist with a failure of the axiom of choice. Here a self adjoint operator is intrinsically effective, iff the Schroedinger equation of its generated semigroup is soluble by means of eigenfunction series expansions.
description: TeX-file, 32 pages
Remark on near-horizon geometry of extreme regular black holes
Creators: name: Filyukov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the near horizon geometry of a generic extreme regular black hole solution of Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics is described by the $AdS_2 \times S^2$ spacetime.
description: 7 pages v2: presentation improved, references added. The version to appear in MPLA
HIV-Jahresbericht 2017/2018
Creators: name: Marcus, Ulrich
name: Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara
name: Bremer, Viviane
name: Kollan, Christian
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: HIV
subject: AIDS
subject: Neudiaganosen
subject: MSM
subject: Drogengebrauch
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Zur Beschreibung der HIV/AIDS-Epidemie werden die HIV-Meldungen gemäß IfSG, das AIDS-Fallregister mit AIDS- und HIV-Todesfallberichten an das RKI, die Todesursachen-Statistik der statistischen Landesämter sowie Verkaufsdaten zur ART aus Apothekenabrechnungszentren herangezogen. Die im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 46/2019 berichteten HIV-Meldedaten unterscheiden sich von den in der Schätzung berichteten Neuinfektions- und Diagnosezahlen. Unterschiede bei den be¬richteten Diagnosezahlen beruhen darauf, dass Diagnosen, bei denen unklar ist, ob es sich um Erstdiagnosen oder bereits früher berichtete Diagnosen handelt, bei den Meldedaten nicht berücksichtigt sind, bei der Schätzung aber zu einem bestimmten Anteil miteinfließen. Außerdem wird in der Schätzung für Meldungen ohne Angabe zu Übertragungsrisiken oder anderen Angaben die wahrscheinliche Verteilung dieser Angaben im Rahmen einer multiplen Imputation simuliert. Dem RKI wurden bis zum 1.3.2019 für das Jahr 2018 insgesamt 2.818 gesicherte HIV-Neudiagnosen gemeldet. Im Vergleich dazu wurden dem RKI 3.144 gesicherte HIV-Neudiagnosen für das Jahr 2017 gemeldet.
Detection of an iron K Emission Line from the LINER NGC 4579
Creators: name: Terashima, Yuichi
name: Kunieda, Hideyo
name: Misaki, Kazutami
name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
name: Ptak, Andrew F.
name: Reichert, Gail A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of an ASCA observation of the LINER NGC 4579. A point-like X-ray source is detected at the nucleus with a 2-10 keV luminosity of 1.5x10^41 ergs/s assuming a distance of 16.8 Mpc. The X-ray spectrum is represented by a combination of a power-law with a photon index of ~1.7 and soft thermal component with kT~0.9 keV. An iron K emission line is detected at 6.73+/-0.13 keV (rest frame) with an equivalent width of 490 +180/-190 eV and is statistically significant at more than 99.9 % confidence. The line center energy is consistent with Helium-like iron and is significantly higher than 6.4 keV which is expected from fluorescence by "cold" (or a lower ionization state of) iron. The iron line profile shows no significant red tail in contrast to Seyfert 1 galaxies although the statistics are limited. The line center energy, equivalent width, and profile are consistent with an origin in an ionized accretion disk. However the large mass accretion rate necessary to ionize the accretion disk is not consistent with the observed luminosity and normal accretion models.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, to appear in The Astrophysical Journal
Designing Villagescape Typologies : Study Trip and Workshop in Hong Kong September 2019
Creators: name: Wirth, Timo Matti
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2019

description: Aachen : Lehrstuhl für Landschaftsarchitektur, RWTH Aachen University 60 Seiten : Illustrationen (2019). doi:10.18154/RWTH-2019-09947
description: Published by Lehrstuhl für Landschaftsarchitektur, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen
A gap in the planetesimal disc around HD 107146 and asymmetric warm dust emission revealed by ALMA
Creators: name: Marino, S.
name: Carpenter, J.
name: Wyatt, M. C.
name: Booth, M.
name: Casassus, S.
name: Faramaz, V.
name: Guzman, V.
name: Hughes, A. M.
name: Kennedy, A. Isella G. M.
name: Matrà, L.
name: Ricci, L.
name: Corder, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While detecting low mass exoplanets at tens of au is beyond current instrumentation, debris discs provide a unique opportunity to study the outer regions of planetary systems. Here we report new ALMA observations of the 80-200 Myr old Solar analogue HD 107146 that reveal the radial structure of its exo-Kuiper belt at wavelengths of 1.1 and 0.86 mm. We find that the planetesimal disc is broad, extending from 40 to 140 au, and it is characterised by a circular gap extending from 60 to 100 au in which the continuum emission drops by about 50%. We also report the non-detection of the CO J=3-2 emission line, confirming that there is not enough gas to affect the dust distribution. To date, HD 107146 is the only gas-poor system showing multiple rings in the distribution of millimeter sized particles. These rings suggest a similar distribution of the planetesimals producing small dust grains that could be explained invoking the presence of one or more perturbing planets. Because the disk appears axisymmetric, such planets should be on circular orbits. By comparing N-body simulations with the observed visibilities we find that to explain the radial extent and depth of the gap, it would be required the presence of multiple low mass planets or a single planet that migrated through the disc. Interior to HD 107146's exo-Kuiper belt we find extended emission with a peak at ~20 au and consistent with the inner warm belt that was previously predicted based on 22$μ$m excess as in many other systems. This warm belt is the first to be imaged, although unexpectedly suggesting that it is asymmetric. This could be due to a large belt eccentricity or due to clumpy structure produced by resonant trapping with an additional inner planet.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 19 pages, 11 figures
Nonlocal effects in Fock space
Creators: name: Peres, Asher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a physical system contains a single particle, and if two distant detectors test the presence of linear superpositions of one-particle and vacuum states, a violation of classical locality can occur. It is due to the creation of a two-particle component by the detecting process itself.
description: final version in PRL 74 (1995) 4571; 76 (1996) 2205 (erratum)
Supplementary Figures from Novel elucidation and treatment of pancreatic chronic graft-versus-host disease in mice
Creators: name: Mukai, Shin
name: Ogawa, Yoko
name: Urano, Fumihiko
name: Kawakami, Yutaka
name: Tsubota, Kazuo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a severe complication of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. There is a growing understanding of cGVHD, and several effective therapies for cGVHD have been reported. However, pancreatic cGVHD is a potentially untapped study field. Our thought-provoking study using a mouse model of cGVHD suggested that the pancreas could be impaired by cGVHD-induced inflammation and fibrosis and that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was augmented in the pancreas affected by cGVHD. These findings urged us to treat pancreatic cGVHD through reduction of ER stress, and we used 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) as an ER stress reducer. A series of experiments have indicated that PBA can suppress cGVHD-elicited ER stress in the pancreas and accordingly alleviate pancreatic cGVHD. Furthermore, we focused on a correlation between epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis in the cGVHD-affected pancreas, because EMT was conceivably implicated in various fibrosis-associated diseases. Our investigation has suggested that the expression of EMT markers was increased in the cGVHD-disordered pancreas and that it could be reduced by PBA. Taken together, we have provided a clue to elucidate the pathogenic process of pancreatic cGVHD and created a potentially effective treatment of this disease using the ER stress alleviator PBA.
Additional file 1 of Efficacy and safety of continuous passive motion and physical therapy in recovery from knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jia, Zhengfeng
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Zhang, Wupeng
name: Xu, Cheng
name: Liu, Wanheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendice 1.
De Sitter Quantum Loops as the origin of Primordial Non-Gaussianities
Creators: name: An, Haipeng
name: Wise, Mark B.
name: Zhang, Zipei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was pointed out recently that in some inflationary models quantum loops containing a scalar of mass $m$ that couples to the inflaton can be the dominant source of primordial non-Gaussianities. We explore this phenomenon in the simplest such model focusing on the behavior of the primordial curvature fluctuations for small $m/H$. Explicit calculations are done for the three and four point curvature fluctuation correlations. Constraints on the parameters of the model from the CMB limits on primordial non-Gaussianity are discussed. The bi-spectrum in the squeezed limit and the tri-spectrum in the compressed limit are examined. The form of the $n$-point correlations as any partial sum of wave vectors get small is determined.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected, discussions about the quantum corrections to the two-point function added
The Star Formation History of the Carina Dwarf Galaxy
Creators: name: Hurley-Keller, Denise
name: Mateo, Mario
name: Nemec, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed deep B and V photometry of the Carina dwarf spheroidal reaching below the old main-sequence turnoff to about V = 25. Using simulated color-magnitude diagrams to model a range of star formation scenarios, we have extracted a detailed, global star formation history. Carina experienced three significant episodes of star formation at about 15 Gyr, 7 Gyr, and 3 Gyr. Contrary to the generic picture of galaxy evolution, however, the bulk of star formation, at least 50%, occured during the episode 7 Gyr ago, which may have lasted as long as 2 Gyr. For unknown reasons, Carina formed only 10-20% of its stars at an ancient epoch and then remained quiescent for more than 4 Gyr. The remainder (~30%) formed relatively recently, only 3 Gyr ago. Interest in the local population of dwarf galaxies has increased lately due to their potential importance in the understanding of faint galaxy counts. We surmise that objects like Carina, which exhibits the most extreme episodic behavior of any of the dwarf spheroidal companions to the Galaxy, are capable of contributing to the observed excess of blue galaxies at B = 24 only if the star formation occurred instantaneously.
description: 23 pages of text, 20 figures, 8 tables. AJ, in press
Optimal Measurements of Magnetic Flux in Superconducting Circuits and Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Calarco, T.
name: Onofrio, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of repeated quantum measurements of magnetic flux in superconducting circuits manifesting tunneling is discussed. The perturbation due to the previous measurements of magnetic flux is always present unless quantum nondemolition measurements are performed. By replacing the classical notion of noninvasivity with this condition, temporal Bell-like inequalities allows one to test the observability at the macroscopic level of the conflict between realism and quantum theory.
description: 11 pages (no figures), to be published in Physics Letters A
Gluing polyhedra with entanglement in loop quantum gravity
Creators: name: Baytaş, Bekir
name: Bianchi, Eugenio
name: Yokomizo, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a spin-network basis state, nodes of the graph describe un-entangled quantum regions of space, quantum polyhedra. In this paper we show how entanglement between intertwiner degrees of freedom enforces gluing conditions for neighboring quantum polyhedra. In particular we introduce Bell-network states, entangled states defined via squeezed vacuum techniques. We study correlations of quantum polyhedra in a dipole, a pentagram and a generic graph. We find that vector geometries, structures with neighboring polyhedra having adjacent faces glued back-to-back, arise from Bell-network states. We also discuss the relation to Regge geometries. The results presented show clearly the role that entanglement plays in the gluing of neighboring quantum regions of space.
description: 42 pages, 10 figures
Intermediate ecosystem services: the origin and meanings behind an unsettled concept
Creators: name: Lamothe, Karl A.
name: Sutherland, Ira J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Some ecosystem services (ES) bestow society with obvious tangible benefits such as nourishment from food and water (i.e. final ES), whereas other ES benefit society through complex pathways such as maintaining the resilience of ecosystems and the final ES they provide (i.e. intermediate ES). However, the term ‘intermediate ES’ has remained loosely defined and some authors are now questioning the term’s applicability. To uncover the meaning and origin of the intermediate ES term, we reviewed the literature from 2000 to 2016. We found that the term originated in economics (early 2000s), shifted into ecology in the late 2000s, and its use has grown since. Intermediate ES have been commonly defined as indirect benefits, less commonly as types of ecological components, and occasionally as supporting and regulating ES. We explore these analogies, provide a timeline of the term’s use, and discuss pros and cons of the terminology. We recommend that intermediate ES should be defined in specific (often local) contexts considering social factors such as demand for ES and if the service is a key step along an identifiable pathway toward final ES delivery – considerations we illustrate using coastal temperate forests as a case study.EDITED BY Matthias Schröter EDITED BY Matthias Schröter
High-order overset grid method for detecting particle impaction on a cylinder in a cross flow
Creators: name: Aarnes, J. R.
name: Haugen, N. E. L.
name: Andersson, H. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overset grid method was used to investigate the interaction between a particle-laden flow and a circular cylinder. The overset grid method was implemented in the Pencil Code , a high-order finite-difference code for compressible flow simulation. High-order summation-by-part operators were used at the cylinder boundary, and both bi-linear Lagrangian and bi-quadratic spline interpolation was used to communicate between the background grid and the body-conformal cylindrical grid. The performance of the overset grid method was assessed to benchmark cases of steady and unsteady flows past a cylinder. For steady flow at low Reynolds number, high-order accuracy was achieved for velocity components. Results for flow in the vortex shedding regime showed good agreement to the literature. The method was also applied to particle-laden flow simulations, where spherical point particles were inserted upstream of the cylinder. These inertial particles were convected towards and (possibly) past the cylinder. The simulations reproduced data from the literature at a significantly reduced cost, revealing that the previously published DNS data is less accurate than assumed for particles with very small Stokes numbers.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Manuscript is in review
Adaptive Plenoptic Sampling: Theory and Applications
Creators: name: Gilliam, Christopher
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Image-Based Rendering (IBR) is an effective technique for rendering novel views of a scene from multi-view images. The plenoptic function enables IBR to be formulated in terms of sampling and reconstruction. In this thesis, we combine the theoretical results from uniform plenoptic sampling with non-uniform camera placement. The central concept is that geometry of the scene can be modelled with a sequence of slanted planes. The positions of the cameras are then derived from the plenoptic spectral analysis of a slanted plane. To this end, we present novel results for the plenoptic spectral analysis of a slanted plane and an algorithm for adaptive plenoptic sampling. The novelty of our spectral analysis lies in the inclusion of two realistic conditions when calculating the plenoptic spectrum: finite scene width and cameras with finite field of view. Using these conditions, we derive an exact closed-form expression for the plenoptic spectrum of a slanted plane with bandlimited texture. From this spectrum, we determine an expression for the maximum spacing between adjacent cameras. Using synthetic and real scenes, we show that this expression is a more accurate gauge of the Nyquist sampling density than the current state-of-the-art. Based on these results, we design an adaptive plenoptic sampling algorithm for a scene with a smoothly varying surface and bandlimited texture. The algorithm operates by determining the best sequence of slanted planes to model the scene given its geometry and a limited number of cameras. Once this sequence of planes is obtained, the algorithm then positions the cameras using our sampling analysis of a slanted plane. Using synthetic and real scenes, we show that this algorithm outperforms uniform sampling. Finally, we also present a novel reconstruction filter for plenoptic sampling that outperforms the state-of-the-art for both synthetic and real scenes. The filter uses interpolators of maximum-order-minimal-support (MOMS).
A robust and efficient method for calculating the magnification of extended sources caused by gravitational lenses
Creators: name: Dominik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To determine the magnification of an extended source caused by gravitational lensing one has to perform a two-dimensional integral over point-source magnifications in general. Since the point-source magnification jumps to an infinite value on caustics, special care is required. For a uniformly bright source, it has been shown earlier that the calculation simplifies if one determines the magnification from the area of the images of the extended source by applying Green's theorem so that one ends up with a one-dimensional integration over the image boundaries. This approach is discussed here in detail, and it is shown that it can be used to yield a robust and efficient method also for limb-darkened sources. It is also shown that the centroid shift can be calculated in a similar way.
description: 6 pages in LaTeX2e format including 2 PostScript figures, accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Cannot Local Reality Exist in the EPR-Bohm Gedankenexperiment ?
Creators: name: Uchiyama, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model measuring processes of a single spin-1/2 object and of a pair of spin-1/2 objects in the EPR-Bohm state by systems of differential equations. Our model is a local model with hidden-variables of the EPR-Bohm Gedankenexperiment. Although there is no dynamical interaction between a pair of spin-1/2 objects, the model can reproduce approximately the quantum-mechanical correlations by the coincidence counting. Hence the Bell inequality is violated. This result supports the idea that the coincidence counting is the source of the non-locality in the EPR-Bohm Gedankenexperiment.
description: 13 pages, phyzzx, six figures available upon request.
Frequency Analysis of Reflex Velocities of Stars with Planets
Creators: name: Konacki, Maciej
name: Maciejewski, Andrzej J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since it has become possible to discovery planets orbiting nearby solar-type stars through very precise Doppler-shift measurements, the role of methods used to analyze such observations has grown significantly. The widely employed model-dependent approach based on the least-squares fit of the Keplerian motion to the radial-velocity variations can be, as we show, unsatisfactory. Thus, in this paper, we propose a new method that may be easily and successfully applied to the Doppler-shift measurements. This method allows us to analyze the data without assuming any specific model and yet to extract all significant features of the observations. This very simple idea, based on the subsequent subtraction of all harmonic components from the data, can be easily implemented. We show that our method can be used to analyze real 16 Cygni B Doppler-shift observations with a surprising but correct result which is substantially different from that based on the least-squares fit of a Keplerian orbit. Namely, using frequency analysis we show that with the current accuracy of this star's observations it is not possible to determine the value of the orbital eccentricity which is claimed to be as high as 0.6.
description: AASLaTeX + 5 figures (eps files), 22 pages, two figures delated, typos corrections; accepted for publication in ApJ
Conditional probabilities in quantum theory, and the tunneling time controversy
Creators: name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that there is a sensible way to define conditional probabilities in quantum mechanics, assuming only Bayes's theorem and standard quantum theory. These probabilities are equivalent to the ``weak measurement'' predictions due to Aharonov {\it et al.}, and hence describe the outcomes of real measurements made on subensembles. In particular, this approach is used to address the question of the history of a particle which has tunnelled across a barrier. A {\it gedankenexperiment} is presented to demonstrate the physically testable implications of the results of these calculations, along with graphs of the time-evolution of the conditional probability distribution for a tunneling particle and for one undergoing allowed transmission. Numerical results are also presented for the effects of loss in a bandgap medium on transmission and on reflection, as a function of the position of the lossy region; such loss should provide a feasible, though indirect, test of the present conclusions. It is argued that the effects of loss on the pulse {\it delay time} are related to the imaginary value of the momentum of a tunneling particle, and it is suggested that this might help explain a small discrepancy in an earlier experiment.
description: 11 pages, latex, 4 postscript figures separate (one w/ 3 parts)
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1084
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1084, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1084, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
title: Архитектурное проектирование. Концептуально-прототипное моделирование архитектурных объектов
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Воличенко О.В.
Publisher: name: Вузовское образование
Year: 2020

description: Рассматривается эволюция модернизма ХХ и начала XXI веков. Дается характеристика основных приемов и методов, присущих архитектурным направлениям модернизма и постмодернизма ХХ века, а также новейшим направлениям XXI века. Приводятся примеры выполнения практических упражнений, необходимых для усвоения принципов формообразования каждой архитектурной концепции. Иллюстративный материал делает учебное пособие полезным как для студентов, так и для преподавателей. Подготовлено в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом высшего образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для изучения дисциплины «Архитектурное проектирование» по направлению подготовки 07.03.01 «Архитектура».
Cepheid models based on self-consistent stellar evolution and pulsation calculations: the right answer?
Creators: name: Baraffe, I.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Mera, D.
name: Chabrier, G.
name: Beaulieu, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed stellar evolutionary models for stars in a mass range characteristic of Cepheid variables ($3
description: 18 pages, Latex file, uses aasms4.sty, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
IS THERE A CLASSICAL ANALOG OF A QUANTUM TIME-TRANSLATION MACHINE?
Creators: name: Vaidman, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent article [D. Suter, Phys. Rev. {\bf A 51}, 45 (1995)] Suter has claimed to present an optical implementation of the quantum time-translation machine which ``shows all the features that the general concept predicts and also allows, besides the quantum mechanical, a classical description.'' It is argued that the experiment proposed and performed by Suter does not have the features of the quantum time-translation machine and that the latter has no classical analog.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX
The Role of Particle Size in the Shock Compaction of Brittle Granular Materials
Creators: name: Neal, William David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Granular materials can consume large amounts of kinetic energy through deformation of their inherently complex meso-structure. Little is understood about what effect the geometrical variations such as particle size and shape have on their response to shock loading. With this in mind, this thesis attempts to measure the effects that particle size has on the compaction curve of brittle granular materials. Three monodisperse and one polydisperse samples of soda-lime glass microspheres were chosen for this study. A quartz sand was also investigated to determine if the microspheres were a sufficient analogue whilst additionally introducing morphological differences. Beds of these materials were subjected to quasi-static loading therefore measuring the stress-density compaction response. Post-loading analysis of the samples revealed a strong dependence on particle size and morphology. The macro-scale shock compaction responses of the granular samples were measured using plate impact techniques and piezo-resistive stress gauge diagnostics. Similar trends were observed in the quasi-static loading behaviour. Smaller particles appeared to have higher strength in the macroscale which, due to scaling effects at boundaries, contradicted trends from meso-scopic fracture tests. It was concluded that beds composed of smaller, spherical particles show the greatest resistance to shock and quasi-static compaction. For convenience, a single Hugoniot relationship is typically used to represent the shock response of granular materials. This assumption was challenged in this thesis. Identical incident shock loading produced different loading states with a changing bed thickness. The terminal loading states varied considerably with bed thickness in the samples of larger microspheres. The majority of this variation was due to dispersion within the initial portion of the wave. The study concludes that particle size has a significant effect on the shock response of granular materials if the particle geometry is suited to inducing a total-fracture particle densification mechanism.
The Large-Scale Smoothness of the Universe
Creators: name: Wu, Kelvin K. S.
name: Lahav, Ofer
name: Rees, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New measurements of galaxy clustering and background radiations provide improved constraints on the isotropy and homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. In particular, the angular distribution of radio sources and the X-Ray Background probe density fluctuations on scales intermediate between those explored by galaxy surveys and the Cosmic Microwave Background experiments. On a scale of $\sim 100 \Mpc$ the rms density fluctuations are at the level of $\sim 10%$ and on scales larger than $300 \Mpc$ the distribution of both mass and luminous sources safely satisfies the `Cosmological Principle' of isotropy and homogeneity. The transition with scale from clumpiness to homogeneity can be phrased in terms of the fractal dimension of the galaxy and mass distributions.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Nature as a review. Rearrangement of content, with some material added and some removed. New title
Bell's inequalities and density matrices. Revealing hidden nonlocality.
Creators: name: Popescu, Sandu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As is well known, quantum mechanical behavior cannot, in general, be simulated by a local hidden variables model. Most -if not all- the proofs of this incompatibility refer to the correlations which arise when each of two (or more) systems separated in space is subjected to a single ideal measurement. This setting is good enough to show contradictions between local hidden variables models and quantum mechanics in the case of pure states. However, as shown here, it is not powerful enough in the case of mixtures. This is illustrated by an example. In this example, the correlations which arise when each of two systems separated in space is subjected to a single ideal measurement are classical; only when each system is subjected to a {\it sequence} of ideal measurements non-classical correlations are obtained. We also ask whether there are situations for which even this last procedure is not powerful enough and non-ideal measurements have to be considered as well.
description: Plain TeX, 12 pg.
Three-dimensional waves generated at Lindblad resonances in thermally stratified disks
Creators: name: Lubow, S. H.
name: Ogilvie, G. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the linear, 3D response to tidal forcing of a disk that is thin and thermally stratified in the direction normal to the disk plane. We model the vertical disk structure locally as a polytrope which represents a disk of high optical depth. We solve the 3D gas-dynamic equations semi-analytically in the neighborhood of a Lindblad resonance. These solutions match asymptotically on to those valid away from resonances and provide solutions valid at all radii. We obtain the following results. 1) A variety of waves are launched at resonance. However, the f mode carries more than 95% of the torque exerted at the resonance. 2) These 3D waves collectively transport exactly the amount of angular momentum predicted by the 2D torque formula. 3) Near resonance, the f mode occupies the full vertical extent of the disk. Away from resonance, the f mode becomes confined near the surface of the disk, and, in the absence of other dissipation mechanisms, damps via shocks. The radial length scale for this process is roughly r_L/m (for resonant radius r_L and azimuthal wavenumber m), independent of the disk thickness H. This wave channeling process is due to the variations of physical quantities in r and is not due to wave refraction. 4) However, the inwardly propagating f mode launched from an m=2 inner Lindblad resonance experiences relatively minor channeling. We conclude that for binary stars, tidally generated waves in highly optically thick circumbinary disks are subject to strong nonlinear damping by the channeling mechanism, while those in circumstellar accretion disks are subject to weaker nonlinear effects. We also apply our results to waves excited by young planets for which m is approximately r/H and conclude that the waves are damped on the scale of a few H.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 2 colour plates, to be published in the Astrophysical Journal
General $N^{th}$-order superintegrable systems separating in polar coordinates
Creators: name: Escobar-Ruiz, A. M.
name: Winternitz, P.
name: Yurdusen, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general description of superintegrable systems with one polynomial integral of order $N$ in the momenta is presented for a Hamiltonian system in two-dimensional Euclidean plane. We consider classical and quantum Hamiltonian systems allowing separation of variables in polar coordinates. The potentials can be classified into two major classes and their main properties are described. We conjecture that a new infinite family of superintegrable potentials in terms of the sixth Painlevé transcendent $P_6$ exists and demonstrate this for the first few cases.
description: 17 pages
Reminiscences of Abraham John Muste, 1954
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pacifists
Clergy
Social gospel
World War, 1914-1918--Conscientious objectors

description: Childhood in Michigan; first contact with American Ferderation of Labor; New Brunswick Theological Seminary; experiences, Lower East Side, New York, N.Y. pastorates, New York, N.Y. and Massachusetts; Socialist Party; Social Gospel Movement; World War I: pacifism, conscientious objectors; 1919 Lawrence strike; Amalgamated Textile Workers Union; Brookwood Labor College
Additional file 1 of Effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined cabin ventilator on critically ill patients with liberation difficulty after tracheostomy
Creators: name: Qi, Yinliang
name: Xu, Jixiang
name: Liu, Hui
name: Zhou, Xiaomei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparisons of the GCS score of all the patients before and after hyperbaric oxygen combined cabin ventilator treatment. Data were presented as mean ± SD showing all the data points. ***p < 0.001. Unpaired t test with Welch's correction. Figure S2. Comparisons of the PaO2 (A), SaO2 (B) and OI (C) of all the patients before and after hyperbaric oxygen combined cabin ventilator treatment. Data were presented as mean ± SD showing all the data points. ***p < 0.001. Unpaired t test with Welch's correction. Figure S3. Comparisons of the LVEF (A), LVESV (B), LVEDV (C) and SV (C) of all the patients before and after hyperbaric oxygen combined cabin ventilator treatment. Data were presented as mean ± SD showing all the data points. ***p < 0.001. Unpaired t test with Welch's correction. Figure S4. Comparisons of the T4 (A), T3 (B), FT3 (C), FT4 (D) and TSH (E) of all the patients before and after hyperbaric oxygen combined cabin ventilator treatment. Data were presented as mean ± SD showing all the data points. ***p < 0.001. Unpaired t test with Welch's correction.
Supplementary Material for: Kidney Response to Heart Failure: Proteomic Analysis of Cardiorenal Syndrome
Creators: name: Melenovsky, V.
name: Cervenka, L.
name: Viklicky, O.
name: Franekova, J.
name: Havlenova, T.
name: Behounek, M.
name: Chmel, M.
name: Petrak, J.
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine

description: Background/Aims: Chronic heart failure (HF) disrupts normal kidney function and leads to cardiorenal syndrome that further promotes HF progression. To identify potential participants in HF-related injury, we analyzed kidney proteome in an established HF model. Methods: HF was induced by chronic volume overload in male HanSD rats using aorto-caval fistula. After 21 weeks, cardiac and renal functions (in-situ kidney study) and renal proteomics were studied in sham-operated (controls) and HF rats, using iTRAQ labeling and LC-MS with Orbitrap Fusion, leading to identification and quantification of almost 4000 proteins. Results: Compared to controls, HF rats had cardiac hypertrophy, systemic and pulmonary congestion. Kidneys of HF rats had reduced renal blood flow, sodium excretion and urine production. While glomerular filtration rate, serum cystatin C and creatinine were still normal compared to controls, HF kidneys showed albuminuria and markedly increased tissue angiotensin-II levels (5-fold). HF kidneys (versus controls) displayed differential expression (˃1.5-fold) of 67 proteins. The most upregulated were angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, ˃20-fold), advanced glycosylation product-specific receptor (RAGE, 14-fold), periostin (6.8-fold), caveolin-1 (4.5-fold) and other proteins implicated in endothelial function (vWF, cavins 1-3, T-kininogen 2), proinflammatory ECM activation (MFAP4, collagen-VI, galectin-3, FHL-1, calponin) and proteins involved in glomerular filtration membrane integrity (CLIC5, ZO-1). Carboxylesterase-1D (CES1D), an enzyme that converts ACE inhibitors or sacubitril into active drugs, was also upregulated in HF kidneys. Conclusion: Chronic HF leads to latent kidney injury, associated with deep changes in kidney protein composition. These alterations may act in concert with intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activation and may serve as markers and/or targets to tackle cardiorenal syndrome.