cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Satellite Computer Vision mit Keras und Tensorflow - Best practices und beispiele aus der Forschung
Creators: name: Leitloff, Jens
name: Riese, Felix M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Im Forschungsfeld des Maschinellen Lernens werden zunehmend leicht zugängliche Framework wie Keras, Tensorflow oder Pytorch verwendet. Hierdurch ist ein Austausch und die Wiederverwendung bestehender (trainierter) neuronaler Netze möglich. Wir am Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (IPF) des Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) beschäftigen uns unter anderem mit der Analyse von optischen Satellitendaten. Satellitenprogramme wie Sentinel-2 von Copernicus liefern wöchentliche, weltweite und dabei frei zugängliche multispektrale Bilder, die eine Vielzahl neuartiger Anwendungen ermöglichen. Wir nehmen das zum Anlass, eine interaktive Einführung in die Auswertung dieser Satellitendaten mit Learnings aus unserer täglichen Forschung zu geben. Wir sprechen unter anderem über die folgenden Themen: Einfacher Umgang mit georeferenzierten Bilddaten Einführung in Learning-From-Scratch und Transfer Learning mit Keras Anpassung von fertigen Netzen an neue Eingangsdaten (RGB → multispektral) Anschauliche Interpretation von Klassifikationsergebnissen Best Practices aus unserer Forschung, die die Arbeit mit Neuronalen Netzen wesentlich vereinfachen und beschleunigen Code und Daten für die ersten Schritte mit CNNs mit Keras in Python, welche in einem GitHub Repository zur Verfügung gestellt werden
Ion native variational ansatz for quantum approximate optimization
Creators: name: Rabinovich, Daniil
name: Adhikary, Soumik
name: Campos, Ernesto
name: Akshay, Vishwanathan
name: Anikin, Evgeny
name: Sengupta, Richik
name: Lakhmanskaya, Olga
name: Lakhmanskiy, Kiril
name: Biamonte, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81-XX, MSC 81P68

description: Variational quantum algorithms involve training parameterized quantum circuits using a classical co-processor. An important variational algorithm, designed for combinatorial optimization, is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm. Realization of this algorithm on any modern quantum processor requires either embedding a problem instance into a Hamiltonian or emulating the corresponding propagator by a gate sequence. For a vast range of problem instances this is impossible due to current circuit depth and hardware limitations. Hence we adapt the variational approach -- using ion native Hamiltonians -- to create ansatze families that can prepare the ground states of more general problem Hamiltonians. We analytically determine symmetry protected classes that make certain problem instances inaccessible unless this symmetry is broken. We exhaustively search over six qubits and consider upto twenty circuit layers, demonstrating that symmetry can be broken to solve all problem instances of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Hamiltonian. Going further, we numerically demonstrate training convergence and level-wise improvement for up to twenty qubits. Specifically these findings widen the class problem instances which might be solved by ion based quantum processors. Generally these results serve as a test-bed for quantum approximate optimization approaches based on system native Hamiltonians and symmetry protection.
description: 9 pages; 5 figures; REVTeX
Construction of spin models displaying quantum criticality from quantum field theory
Creators: name: Glasser, Ivan
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Sierra, Germán
name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a method for constructing finite temperature states of one-dimensional spin chains displaying quantum criticality. These models are constructed using correlators of products of quantum fields and have an analytical purification. Their properties can be investigated by Monte-Carlo simulations, which enable us to study the low-temperature phase diagram and to show that it displays a region of quantum criticality. The mixed states obtained are shown to be close to the thermal state of a simple nearest neighbour Hamiltonian.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Bound modes in the continuum based phononic waveguides
Creators: name: Rahman, Adib
name: Pal, Raj Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically predict and numerically demonstrate the existence of a family of bound modes in the continuum (BICs) in bi-layered spring mass chains. A coupled array of such chains is then used to illustrate transversely bound waves propagating along a channel in a lattice. We start by considering the compact region formed by coupling two spring mass chains with defects and predict bound modes arising due to reflection symmetries in this region. Dispersion analysis of a waveguide consisting of an array of appropriately coupled bi-layered chains reveals the presence of a branch having bound modes in the passband. Finally, detailed numerical analyses verify the existence of a BIC and its propagation through the waveguide at passband frequencies without energy leakage. The framework allows to achieve BICs and their propagation, for any arbitrary size and location of the compact region. Such BICs open avenues for novel classes of resonators with extremely high $Q$ factors due to zero energy leakage and allow for guiding confined waves in structures without requiring bandgaps.
Large Neutrino Magnetic Dipole Moments in MSSM Extensions
Creators: name: Aboubrahim, Amin
name: Ibrahim, Tarek
name: Itani, Ahmad
name: Nath, Pran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of the Dirac neutrino magnetic moment with standard model interactions gives $μ_ν\sim 3 \times 10^{-19} μ_B (m_ν/1 eV)$. The observation of a significantly larger magnetic moment will provide a clear signal of new physics beyond the standard model. The current experimental limits on the neutrino magnetic moments are orders of magnitude larger than the prediction with the standard model interactions and thus its test appears out of reach. Here we give an analysis of the Dirac neutrino magnetic moments within the framework of a minimal supersymmetric standard model extension with a vectorlike lepton generation. Specifically we compute the moments arising from the exchange of W and the charged leptons in the loop, as well as from the exchange of charginos, charged sleptons and charged mirror sleptons. It is shown that the neutrino moment in this case can be several orders of magnitude larger than the one with standard model like interactions, lying close to and below the current experimental upper limits and should be accessible in improved future experiment. A correlated prediction of the heaviest neutrino lifetimes from radiative decays to the lighter neutrinos via exchange of charginos and sleptons in the loops is also made. The predicted lifetimes are several orders of magnitudes smaller than the one with the standard model interactions and also lie close to the current experimental limits from analyses using the cosmic background neutrino data.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1306.2275. Accepted for publication in PRD
Software Sustainability Institute - Fellowship Programme 2019 - Launch Webinar
Creators: name: Silva, Raniere
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Fellowship
Software Sustainability
Community of Practice

description: The Institute's Fellowship programme funds researchers who want to improve computational practice in their areas of work.

The main goals of the Programme are to help support improvements in computation practice and promote the results of these activities around research and software from all disciplines.
description: Funders: UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through grant EP/H043160/1 and EPSRC, BBSRC and ESRC Grant EP/N006410/1.
Persistence of blazar state in flat-spectrum radio quasars
Creators: name: Chand, Krishan
name: Gopal-Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) whose brightness is dominated by a relativistically beamed core, are frequently found in 'blazar state' commonly inferred from a high optical polarization ( > 3%), and/or a large continuum variability. Here we use these two prime optical markers to investigate continuance of an FSRQ in blazar (or non-blazar) state over an exceptionally long time baseline spanning 4 decades. Our basic sample is a well-defined, unbiased set of 80 FSRQs whose blazar state stood confirmed during 1980s from optical polarimetry. Four decades later, blazar state of each FSRQ is ascertained here from variability of their optical light-curves of typical duration $\sim$ 3.5 years, a low noise (rms $\sim$ 2%) and good cadence ($\sim$ 3 days), obtained under the Zwicky Transient Facility project ongoing since 2018. For about 40% of these FSRQs, blazar state could be ascertained additionally from the opto-polarimetric survey RoboPol (2013-2017). From both these databases it is found that only $\sim$ 10% of the FSRQs have undergone a blazar $\leftrightarrow$ non-blazar state transition over the past 3 - 4 decades. This reinforces the case for a long-term stability of blazar state in individual FSRQs, despite their state fluctuating more commonly on year-like time scales.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
Radiative Cooling II: Effects of Density and Metallicity
Creators: name: Wang, Ye
name: Ferland, G. J.
name: Lykins, M. L.
name: Porter, R. L.
name: van Hoof, P. A. M.
name: Williams, R. J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work follows Lykins et al. discussion of classic plasma cooling function at low density and solar metallicity. Here we focus on how the cooling function changes over a wide range of density (n_H<10^12 cm^(-3)) and metallicity (Z<30Z _sun ). We find that high densities enhance the ionization of elements such as hydrogen and helium until they reach local thermodynamic equilibrium. By charge transfer, the metallicity changes the ionization of hydrogen when it is partially ionized. We describe the total cooling function as a sum of four parts: those due to H&He, the heavy elements, electron-electron bremsstrahlung and grains. For the first 3 parts, we provide a low-density limit cooling function, a density dependence function, and a metallicity dependence function. These functions are given with numerical tables and analytical fit functions. For grain cooling, we only discuss in ISM case. We then obtain a total cooling function that depends on density, metallicity and temperature. As expected, collisional de-excitation suppresses the heavy elements cooling. Finally, we provide a function giving the electron fraction, which can be used to convert the cooling function into a cooling rate.
description: Published by MNRAS, online tables can be found at http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/suppl/2014/04/28/stu514.DC1
Signatures of regular black holes from the shadow of Sgr A* and M87*
Creators: name: Banerjee, Indrani
name: Sau, Subhadip
name: SenGupta, Soumitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the recent release of the black hole image of Sgr A* alongside the earlier image of M87*, one can now really hope to acquire a better understanding of the gravitational physics at the horizon scale. In this paper, we investigate the prospect of the regular black hole scenario with a Minkowski core in explaining the observed shadow of M87* and Sgr A*. Regular black holes generally appear in Einstein gravity coupled to non-linear electrodynamics and are interesting as they can evade the r = 0 curvature singularity arising in general relativity. Using the previously determined mass and distance we compute the observables associated with the black hole shadow. These when compared with the observed angular diameter reveal that the shadow of M87* and Sgr A* favor the regular black hole scenario with a small but non-zero charge. The implications are discussed.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, matches published version (JCAP accepted)
Premessa
Creators: name: Bonini, Sergio
name: Busatta, Lucia
name: Marchi, Ilaria
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2015

description: La giornata di studio su L?eccezione nel diritto, della quale questo volume raccoglie gli atti, nasce come iniziativa dell?Associazione Alumni SGCE, che raccoglie dottori di ricerca e dottorandi del Corso di Dottorato in Studi Giuridici Comparati ed Europei della Facolt� di Giurisprudenza di Trento. Le tematiche affronate nel volume riguardano il rapporto tra norma giuridica ed eccezione; l?indagine circa l?individuazione di una disciplina particolare adottata in deroga a quella generale; l?attivit� creativa dei giudici e la capacit� di innovare l?ordinamento giuridico attraverso gli strumenti argomentativi.
Towards a consistent model of the hot quadruple system HD 93206 = QZ Carinæ: II. N-body model
Creators: name: Brož, M.
name: Harmanec, P.
name: Zasche, P.
name: Catalan-Hurtado, R.
name: Barlow, B. N.
name: Frondorf, W.
name: Wolf, M.
name: Drechsel, H.
name: Chini, R.
name: Nasseri, A.
name: Labadie-Bartz, J.
name: Christie, G. W.
name: Walker, W. S. G.
name: Blackford, M.
name: Blane, D.
name: Henden, A. A.
name: Bohlsen, T.
name: Božić, H.
name: Jonák, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HD 93206 is early-type massive stellar system, composed of components resolved by direct imaging (Ab, Ad, B, C, D) as well as a compact sub-system (Aa1, Aa2, Ac1, Ac2). Its geometry was already determined on the basis of extensive photometric, spectroscopic and interferometric observations. However, the fundamental absolute parameters are still not known precisely enough. We use an advanced N-body model to account for all mutual gravitational perturbations among the four close components, and all observational data types, including: astrometry, radial velocities, eclipse timing variations, squared visibilities, closure phases, triple products, normalized spectra, and spectral-energy distribution (SED). The respective model has 38 free parameters, namely three sets of orbital elements, component masses, and their basic radiative properties ($T$, $\log g$, $v_{\rm rot}$). We revised the fundamental parameters of QZ Car as follows. For a model with the nominal extinction coefficient $R_V \equiv A_V/E(B-V) = 3.1$, the best-fit masses are $m_1 = 26.1\,M_{\rm S}$, $m_2 = 32.3\,M_{\rm S}$, $m_3 = 70.3\,M_{\rm S}$, $m_4 = 8.8\,M_{\rm S}$, with uncertainties of the order of $2\,M_{\rm S}$, and the system distance $d = (2800\pm 100)\,{\rm pc}$. In an alternative model, where we increased the weights of RV and TTV observations and relaxed the SED constraints, because extinction can be anomalous with $R_V \sim 3.4$, the distance is smaller, $d = (2450\pm 100)\,{\rm pc}$. This would correspond to that of Collinder 228 cluster. Independently, this is confirmed by dereddening of the SED, which is only then consistent with the early-type classification (O9.7Ib for Aa1, O8III for Ac1). Future modelling should also account for an accretion disk around Ac2 component.
description: A&A, submitted
Kondapally Toys - Traditionelle Herstellung von Holzspielzeugen in Coastal Andhra / Andhra Pradesh
Creators: name: Kumar, Y. M. Sushil
name: Hesse, Uwe G. W.
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2023

description: Südasien, Bd. 24 Nr. 4 (2004): Nepal ... Coup des "aktiven Monarchen"
Negative probabilities and counter-factual reasoning in quantum cognition
Creators: name: de Barros, J. Acacio
name: Oas, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss quantum-like decision-making experiments using negative probabilities. We do so by showing how the two-slit experiment, in the simplified version of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, can be described by this formalism. We show that negative probabilities impose constraints to what types of counter-factual reasoning we can make with respect to (quantum) internal representations of the decision maker.
description: Submitted to the proceedings of the Vaxjo conference in Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, 2013
Voisin?s conjecture on Todorov surfaces
Creators: name: Zangani, Natascia
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2020

description: The influence of Chow groups on singular cohomology is motivated by classical results by Mumford and Roitman and has been investigated extensively. On the other hand, the converse influence is rather conjectural and it takes place in the framework of the ``philosophy of mixed motives'', which is mainly due to Grothendieck, Bloch and Beilinson. In the spirit of exploring this influence, Voisin formulated in 1996 a conjecture on 0--cycles on the self--product of surfaces of geometric genus one. There are few examples in which Voisin's conjecture has been verified, but it is still open for a general $K3$ surface. Our aim is to present a new example in which Voisin's conjecture is true, a family of Todorov surfaces. We give an explicit description of the family as quotient of complete intersection of four quadrics in $mathbb{P}^{6}$. We verify Voisin's conjecture for the family of Todorov surfaces of type $(2,12)$. Our main tool is Voisin's ``spreading of cycles'', we use it to establish a relation between 0--cycles on the Todorov surface and on the associated K3 surface. We give a motivic version of this result and some interesting motivic applications.
2020-11-24 Introduction to Data Sharing
Creators: name: Borghi, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science
Data Sharing
Open Data

description: Presentation materials for the third meeting of the Open Science Reading Group. Slides (in PDF and PPTX format) are uploaded with the following file name: open_science_reading_20201124_data_sharing. Presentation notes (In PDF and ODT format are uploaded with the following file name: open_science_reading_20201124_data_sharing_notes
Pinning of domain walls by strontium layer in BaTiO3 perovskite: an atomic-scale study
Creators: name: Dimou, Aris
name: Hirel, Pierre
name: Grünebohm, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use atomistic simulations to study the interactions between two-dimensional domain walls and Sr inclusions in the prototypical ferroelectric BaTiO$_3$. Based on nudged elastic band calculations we predict that the energy barrier for domain wall movement increases in the vicinity of small planar Sr inclusions which may act as pinning centers. We link this observation to the local increase in polarization by larger oxygen off-centering and validate our predictions by molecular dynamics simulations of field-driven domain walls at finite temperatures.
Spatial correlation of a particle-hole pair with a repulsive isovector interaction
Creators: name: Hagino, K.
name: Sagawa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spatial correlation of a particle-hole pair in the isovector channel in $^{56}$Co and $^{40}$K nuclei. To this end, we employ the Hartree-Fock+Tamm-Dancoff approximation with the Skyrme interaction. We find a large concentration of the two-body density at positions where the neutron particle and the proton hole states locate on the opposite side to each other with respect to the core nucleus. This feature originates from a repulsive nature of the isovector residual interaction, which is in stark contrast to the dineutron correlation with an attractive pairing interaction between the valence neutrons discussed e.g., in $^{11}$Li and $^6$He. A possible experimental implication of the repulsive correlation is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures
Is gauge-invariant complete decomposition of the nucleon spin possible ?
Creators: name: Wakamatsu, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Is gauge-invariant complete decomposition of the nucleon spin possible? Although it is a difficult theoretical question which has not reached a complete consensus yet, a general agreement now is that there are at least two physically inequivalent gauge-invariant decompositions (I) and (II) of the nucleon. %The one is a nontrivial gauge-invariant %generalization of the Jaffe-Manohar decomposition. %The other is an extension of the Ji decomposition, which allows %a gauge-invariant decomposition of the total gluon angular %momentum into the intrinsic spin and orbital parts. In these two decompositions, the intrinsic spin parts of quarks and gluons are just common. What discriminate these two decompositions are the orbital angular momentum parts. The orbital angular momenta of quarks and gluons appearing in the decomposition (I) are the so-called "mechanical" orbital angular momenta, while those appearing in the decomposition (II) are the generalized (gauge-invariant) "canonical" ones. By this reason, these decompositions are also called the "mechanical" and "canonical" decompositions of the nucleon spin, respectively. A crucially important question is which decomposition is more favorable from the observational viewpoint. The main objective of this concise review is to try to answer this question with careful consideration of recent intensive researches on this problem.
description: Invited review for Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 51 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, Eq.(154) was replaced by the correct expression. Some other typos were corrected
General parity-odd CMB bispectrum estimation
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
name: Liguori, Michele
name: Fergusson, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a methodology for estimating parity-odd bispectra in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This is achieved through the extension of the original separable modal methodology to parity-odd bispectrum domains ($\ell_1 + \ell_2 + \ell_3 = {\rm odd}$). Through numerical tests of the parity-odd modal decomposition with some theoretical bispectrum templates, we verify that the parity-odd modal methodology can successfully reproduce the CMB bispectrum, without numerical instabilities. We also present simulated non-Gaussian maps produced by modal-decomposed parity-odd bispectra, and show the consistency with the exact results. Our new methodology is applicable to all types of parity-odd temperature and polarization bispectra.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Gravitational lensing, memory and the Penrose limit
Creators: name: Frolov, Valeri P.
name: Koek, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss the gravitational field of ultrarelativistic extended spinning objects. For this purpose, we use a solution of the linearized gravitational equations obtained in the frame where such an object is translationally at rest, and boost this solution close to the speed of light. In order to obtain a regular limiting metric for non-spinning matter, it is sufficient to keep the energy of the boosted body fixed. This process is known as the Penrose limit. We demonstrate that in the presence of rotation, an additional rescaling is required for the angular momentum density components in the directions orthogonal to the boost. As a result of the Lorentz contraction, the thickness of the body in the direction of the boost shrinks. The body takes the form of a pancake, and its gravitational field is localized in the null plane. We discuss light and particle scattering in this gravitational field, and calculate the scattering parameters associated with the gravitational memory effect. We also show that by taking the inverse of the Penrose transform, one can use the obtained scattering map to study the gravitational lensing effect in the rest frame of a massive spinning object.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. 2 new references are added
All-optical spatio-temporal metrology for isolated attosecond pulses
Creators: name: He, Lixin
name: Hu, Jianchang
name: Sun, Siqi
name: He, Yanqing
name: Deng, Yu
name: Lan, Pengfei
name: Lu, Peixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP) is essential for its potential applications. A complete characterization of an IAP ultimately requires the determination of its electric field in both time and space domains. However, previous methods, like the widely-used RABBITT and attosecond streaking, only measure the temporal profile of the attosecond pulse. Here we demonstrate an all-optical method for the measurement of the space-time properties of an IAP. By introducing a non-collinear perturbing pulse to the driving field, the process of IAP generation is modified both spatially and temporally, manifesting as a spatial and a frequency modulation in the harmonic spectrum. By using a FROG-like retrieval method, the spatio-spectral phases of the harmonic spectrum are faithfully extracted from the induced spatio-spectral modulations, which allows a thoroughgoing characterization of the IAP in both time and space. With this method, the spatio-temporal structures of the IAP generated in a two-color driving field in both the near- and far-field are fully reconstructed, from which a weak spatio-temporal coupling in the IAP generation is revealed. Our approach overcomes the limitation in the temporal measurement in conventional in situ scheme, providing a reliable and holistic metrology for IAP characterization.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
The Last 50 Years of General Relativity and Gravitation: From GR3 to GR20 Warsaw Conferences
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article has a dual purpose: i) to provide a flavor of the scientific highlights of the landmark conference, GR3, held in July 1962 at Jablonna, near Warsaw; and, ii) to present a bird's eye view of the tremendous advances that have occurred over the half century that separates GR3 and GR20, which was again held in Warsaw in July 2013.
description: 15 pages, one figure. Minor typos corrected. A para on talks at GR3 on asymptotics added in the beginning of Section 2
Nonequilibrium spintronic transport through Kondo impurities
Creators: name: Manaparambil, Anand
name: Weichselbaum, Andeas
name: von Delft, Jan
name: Weymann, Ireneusz
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze the nonequilibrium transport through a quantum impurity (quantum dot or molecule) attached to ferromagnetic leads by using a hybrid numerical renormalization group-time-dependent density matrix renormalization group thermofield quench approach.For this, we study the bias dependence of the differential conductance through the system, which shows a finite zero-bias peak, characteristic of the Kondo resonance and reminiscent of the equilibrium local density of states. In the non-equilibrium settings, the resonance in the differential conductance is also found to decrease with increasing the lead spin polarization. The latter induces an effective exchange field that lifts the spin degeneracy of the dot level. Therefore as we demonstrate, the Kondo resonance can be restored by counteracting the exchange field with a finite external magnetic field applied to the system. Finally, we investigate the influence of temperature on the nonequilibrium conductance, focusing on the split Kondo resonance. Our work thus provides an accurate quantitative description of the spin-resolved transport properties relevant for quantum dots and molecules embedded in magnetic tunnel junctions.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Análise de processos jurídicos: Caso 13 - Ação Trabalhista - Rito Ordinário 0012701-20.2015.5.15.0003-RTOrd | 5005501-61.2019.4.03.6110
Creators: name: BRASIL. Ministério Da Justiça
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Análise de processos jurídicos: Caso 13 - Ação Trabalhista - Rito Ordinário 0012701-20.2015.5.15.0003-RTOrd | 5005501-61.2019.4.03.6110 PICMP JF-SOR-5005501-61.2019.4.03.6110-PICMP - Eletrônico Notícia de fato. Possível prática do crime de falso testemunho, noticiado pelo Juiz da 1a Vara do Trabalho de Sorocaba/SP. Em audiência de instrução e julgamento naquele Juízo, a testemunha da reclamante teria, supostamente, feito alegações contraditórias (CP, art. 342). Manifestação do MPF pelo arquivamento do feito, fundada na ausência de potencialidade lesiva. Discordância do Juízo da 1a Vara Federal Criminal de Sorocaba/SP. Aplicação do art. 28 do CPP c/c art. 62, inc. IV, da LC no 75/93. Importante ressaltar que nas reclamatórias trabalhistas sempre haverá divergências entre as partes, tal fato é inerente ao processo, cabendo ao julgador da origem, que é quem colheu a prova testemunhal, avaliar e valorar as informações prestadas, aplicando, no que couber, os mecanismos que dispõe para coibir tal conduta (art. 5o e art. 77, I, do CPC). Sentença fundada em outros elementos de prova existentes nos autos. Ausência de potencialidade lesiva nas declarações. Não configuração de crime. Precedentes da 2a CCR/MPF: Processo no 1.23.000.003602/2016-34, 668a Sessão de Revisão, de 12/12/2016, Relator SPGR José Adonis Callou de Araújo Sá, unânime; Processo no 1.29.000.001385/2017-13, 680a Sessão de Revisão, de 12/06/2017, Relator SPGR Juliano Baiocchi Villa-Verde de Carvalho, unânime; e Processo no 1.34.043.000242/2017-10, 680a Sessão de Revisão, de 12/06/2017, Relatora SPGR Luiza Cristina Fonseca Frischeisen, unânime. Insistência no arquivamento.
Instanton Effects in Orbifold ABJM Theory
Creators: name: Honda, Masazumi
name: Moriyama, Sanefumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the partition function of the orbifold ABJM theory on $S^3$, which is the $\mathcal{N}=4$ necklace quiver Chern-Simons-matter theory with alternating levels, in the Fermi gas formalism. We find that the grand potential of the orbifold ABJM theory is expressed explicitly in terms of that of the ABJM theory. As shown previously, the ABJM grand potential consists of the naive but primary non-oscillatory term and the subsidiary infinitely-replicated oscillatory terms. We find that the subsidiary oscillatory terms of the ABJM theory actually give a non-oscillatory primary term of the orbifold ABJM theory. Also, interestingly, the perturbative part in the ABJM theory results in a novel instanton contribution in the orbifold theory. We also present a physical interpretation for the non-perturbative instanton effects.
description: 23 pages, 2 eps figures; v2: minor improvements
2020-10-27 Introduction to Open Access (Preprints)
Creators: name: Borghi, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science
Open Access
Preprints

description: Presentation materials for the second meeting of the Open Science Reading Group. Slides (in PDF and PPTX format) are uploaded with the following file name: open_science_reading_20201027_intro_to_oa Presentation notes (In PDF and ODT format are uploaded with the following file name: open_science_reading_20201027_intro_to_oa_notes Data for the figures on bioRxiv/MedRxiv submissions are uploaded as open_science_reading_20201027__intro_to_oa.csv Data for the figures on bioRxiv/MedRxiv were extracted directly from bioRxiv/MedRxiv (overall submissions) and Dimensions (submissions at Stanford).
Matrix coupling and generalized frustration in Kuramoto oscillators
Creators: name: Buzanello, Guilhermo L.
name: Barioni, Ana Elisa D.
name: de Aguiar, Marcus A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kuramoto model describes the synchronization of coupled oscillators that have different natural frequencies. Among the many generalizations of the original model, Kuramoto and Sakaguchi (KS) proposed a {\it frustrated} version that resulted in dynamic behavior of the order parameter, even when the average natural frequency of the oscillators is zero. Here we consider a generalization of the frustrated KS model that exhibits new transitions to synchronization. The model is identical in form to the original Kuramoto model, but written in terms of unit vectors. Replacing the coupling constant by a coupling matrix breaks the rotational symmetry and forces the order parameter to point in the direction of the eigenvector with highest eigenvalue, when the eigenvalues are real. For complex eigenvalues the module of order parameter oscillates while it rotates around the unit circle, creating active states. We derive the complete phase diagram for Lorentzian distribution of frequencies using the Ott-Antonsen ansatz. We also show that changing the average value of the natural frequencies leads to further phase transitions where the module of the order parameter goes from oscillatory to static.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2102.02916
Equations for superelliptic curves over their minimal field of definition
Creators: name: Beshaj, Lubjana
name: Thompson, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G30, 11G50, 14G40

description: Let $\mathcal X_g$ be a genus $g\geq 2$ superelliptic curve, $F$ its field of moduli, and $K$ the minimal field of definition. In this short note we construct an equation of the curve $\mathcal X_g$ over its minimal field of definition $K$ when $\mathcal X_g$ has extra automorphisms. We make use of the dihedral invariants of superelliptic curves as defined by Shaska in [6] and results on the automorphism groups of superelliptic curves as in [10].
Generalized BF state in quantum gravity
Creators: name: Yamashita, Shinji
name: Yajima, Satoshi
name: Fukuda, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BF state is known as a simple wave function that satisfies three constraints in canonical quantum gravity without a cosmological constant. It is constructed from a product of the group delta functions. Applying the chiral asymmetric extension, the BF state is generalized to the state for real values of the Barbero-Immirzi parameter.
description: 8 pages; v2 minor corrections
Impact of Open Educational Resources on Academic Professionals
Creators: name: Rongali, Leela Mohana Kumari
name: JAMPANI, RAJESH
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461007
subject: Open access
classificationCode: 461008
subject: Organisation of information and knowledge resources

description: All the educational institutions started conducting online classes during covid-19 period. The unexpected change in teaching and learning methods has brought with it new difficulties and opportunities. Technology-enhanced open educational resources offer educational institutions in India's higher education system the option to develop knowledge and access a greater choice of educational resources. In this context, this paper discusses the various OERs and their applications, challenges, and opportunities.
A mixed formulation for physics-informed neural networks as a potential solver for engineering problems in heterogeneous domains: comparison with finite element method
Creators: name: Rezaei, Shahed
name: Harandi, Ali
name: Moeineddin, Ahmad
name: Xu, Bai-Xiang
name: Reese, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are capable of finding the solution for a given boundary value problem. We employ several ideas from the finite element method (FEM) to enhance the performance of existing PINNs in engineering problems. The main contribution of the current work is to promote using the spatial gradient of the primary variable as an output from separated neural networks. Later on, the strong form which has a higher order of derivatives is applied to the spatial gradients of the primary variable as the physical constraint. In addition, the so-called energy form of the problem is applied to the primary variable as an additional constraint for training. The proposed approach only required up to first-order derivatives to construct the physical loss functions. We discuss why this point is beneficial through various comparisons between different models. The mixed formulation-based PINNs and FE methods share some similarities. While the former minimizes the PDE and its energy form at given collocation points utilizing a complex nonlinear interpolation through a neural network, the latter does the same at element nodes with the help of shape functions. We focus on heterogeneous solids to show the capability of deep learning for predicting the solution in a complex environment under different boundary conditions. The performance of the proposed PINN model is checked against the solution from FEM on two prototype problems: elasticity and the Poisson equation (steady-state diffusion problem). We concluded that by properly designing the network architecture in PINN, the deep learning model has the potential to solve the unknowns in a heterogeneous domain without any available initial data from other sources. Finally, discussions are provided on the combination of PINN and FEM for a fast and accurate design of composite materials in future developments.
Fermi LAT Observation of Supernova Remnant HB9
Creators: name: Araya, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 5.5-year Fermi LAT gamma-ray observation shows significant extended emission at the position of the supernova remnant HB9 (G160.9+2.6). The significance of the detection above the background for photon energies above 0.2 GeV is 16$σ$. The gamma-ray flux above 0.2 GeV is (2.23E-8) photons/cm$^2$ s, and the corresponding luminosity above 1 GeV is 1.4E33 erg/s (for a source distance of 1 kpc). The spectrum of the source is best described by a curved power-law (log-parabola). The gamma-ray spectrum of the source is consistent with both leptonic and hadronic models, and the relevant physical parameters in each case are derived. More studies on the ambient density in the region of HB9 should be carried out to rule out or confirm hadronic and non-thermal bremsstrahlung scenarios for the gamma-ray emission.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The new analysis uses the recently released (June 2014) Fermi LAT Galactic diffuse background, which affects the region around the source leading to a change in results with respect to the previous analysis
Field-Induced Magnetic States in the Metallic Rare-Earth Layered Triangular Antiferromagnet TbAuAl$_4$Ge$_2$
Creators: name: Leahy, Ian A.
name: Feng, Keke
name: Dey, Roei
name: Baumbach, Ryan
name: Lee, Minhyea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic frustration in metallic rare earth lanthanides ($Ln$) with $4f$-electrons is crucial for producing interesting magnetic phases with high magnetic anisotropy where intertwined charge and spin degrees of freedom lead to novel phenomena. Here we report on the magnetic, thermodynamic, and electrical transport properties of TbAuAl$_4$Ge$_2$. Tb ions form 2-dimensional triangular lattice layers which stack along the crystalline $c$-axis. The magnetic phase diagram reveals multiple nearly degenerate ordered states upon applying field along the magnetically easy $ab$-plane before saturation. The magnetoresistance in this configuration exhibits intricate field dependence that closely follows that of the magnetization while the specific heat reveals a region of highly enhanced entropy, suggesting the possibility of a non-trivial spin textured phase. For fields applied along the $c$-axis (hard axis), we find linear magnetoresistance over a wide range of fields. We compare the magnetic properties and magnetoresistance with an isostructral GdAuAl$_4$Ge$_2$ single crystals. These results identify TbAuAl$_4$Ge$_2$ as an environment for complex quantum spin states and pave the way for further investigations of the broader $Ln$AuAl$_4$Ge$_2$ family of materials.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Interacting massive and massless arbitrary spin fields in 4d flat space
Creators: name: Metsaev, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive and massless arbitrary integer spin fields propagating in four-dimensional flat space are studied. The massive and massless fields are treated by using a light-cone gauge helicity basis formalism. Cubic cross-interactions between massive and massless fields and cubic interactions between massive fields are investigated. We introduce a classification of such cubic interactions and using our classification we build all cubic interaction vertices. Realization of generators of the Poincare algebra on space of interacting fields is found. As a by-product, some illustrative examples of light-cone form for 3-point invariant amplitudes of massive and massless fields are also discussed.
description: 43 pages, v2: Brief comments on numbers of cubic vertices in Secs.7-11 added. Typos corrected. References added
Suppression of electrical breakdown phenomena in liquid TriMethyl Bismuth based ionization detectors
Creators: name: Gerke, Björn
name: Peters, Simon-Nis
name: Marquardt, Nils
name: Huhmann, Christian
name: Hannen, Volker Michael
name: Holtkamp, Michael
name: Karst, Uwe
name: Yvon, Dominique
name: Sharyy, Viatcheslav
name: Weinheimer, Christian
name: Schäfers, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organometallic liquids provide good properties for ionization detectors. TriMethyl Bismuth (TMBi) has been proposed as a detector medium with charge and Cherenkov photon readout for Positron Emission Tomography. In this work, we present studies for the handling of TMBi at different electric fields and under different environmental conditions to find applicable configurations for the suppression of electrical breakdowns in TMBi at room temperature. A simple glass cell with two electrodes filled with TMBi was constructed and tested under different operation conditions. Working at the vapour pressure of TMBi at room temperature of about 40 mbar and electric fields of up to 20 kV/cm in presence of a small oxygen contamination we found the formation of a discharge channel in the liquid and a steady increase in the current. Further reduction of pressure by pumping caused the TMBi to boil and a spontaneous combustion. Eliminating the oxygen contamination led the TMBi under the same condition to only decompose. When operating the setup under an argon atmosphere of 1 bar we did not observe breakdowns of the electrical potential up to field strengths of 20 kV/cm. Still, in presence of a small oxygen contamination fluctuating currents in the nA range were observed, but no decomposition or combustion. We conclude from our experiments that TMBi at room temperature in a pure argon atmosphere of 1 bar remains stable against electrical breakdown at least up to electric field strengths of 20 kV/cm, presumably because the formation of gaseous TMBi was prevented.
description: 14 page, 8 figures
Semiclassical origin of anomalous shell effect for tetrahedral deformation in radial power-law potential model
Creators: name: Arita, Ken-ichiro
name: Mukumoto, Yasunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shell structures in single-particle energy spectra are investigated against regular tetrahedral type deformation using radial power-law potential model. Employing a natural way of shape parametrization which interpolates sphere and regular tetrahedron, we find prominent shell effects at rather large tetrahedral deformations, which bring about shell energies much larger than the cases of spherical and quadrupole type shapes. We discuss the semiclassical origin of these anomalous shell structures using periodic orbit theory.
description: Published version, 10 pages, 9 figures
Intergen social exp MS_supp material from Intergenerational response to sperm competition risk in an invasive mammal
Creators: name: Firman, Renée C.
name: André, Gonçalo Igreja
name: Hadlow, Jessica H.
name: Simmons, Leigh W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Studies of socially mediated phenotypic plasticity have demonstrated adaptive male responses to the ‘competitive’ environment. Despite this, whether variation in the paternal social environment also influences offspring reproductive potential in an intergenerational context has not yet been examined. Here, we studied the descendants of wild-caught house mice, a destructive pest species worldwide, to address this knowledge gap. We analysed traits that define a ‘competitive’ phenotype in the sons of males (sires) that had been exposed to either a high-male density (competitive) or high-female density (non-competitive) environment. We report disparate reproductive strategies among the sires: high-male density led to a phenotype geared for competition, while high-female density led to a phenotype that would facilitate elevated mating frequency. Moreover, we found that the competitive responses of sires persisted in the subsequent generation, with the sons of males reared under competition having elevated sperm quality. As all sons were reared under common-garden conditions, variation in their reproductive phenotypes could only have arisen via nongenetic inheritance. We discuss our result in relation to the adaptive advantage of preparing sons for sperm competition and suggest that intergenerational plasticity is a previously unconsidered aspect in invasive mammal fertility control.