cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inferring Symbolic Automata
Creators: name: Fisman, Dana
name: Frenkel, Hadar
name: Zilles, Sandra
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the learnability of symbolic finite state automata, a model shown useful in many applications in software verification. The state-of-the-art literature on this topic follows the query learning paradigm, and so far all obtained results are positive. We provide a necessary condition for efficient learnability of SFAs in this paradigm, from which we obtain the first negative result. The main focus of our work lies in the learnability of SFAs under the paradigm of identification in the limit using polynomial time and data. We provide a necessary condition and a sufficient condition for efficient learnability of SFAs in this paradigm, from which we derive a positive and a negative result.
What buoyancy really is. A Generalized Archimedes Principle for sedimentation and ultracentrifugation
Creators: name: Piazza, Roberto
name: Buzzaccaro, Stefano
name: Secchi, Eleonora
name: Parola, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle settling is a pervasive process in nature, and centrifugation is a much versatile separation technique. Yet, the results of settling and ultracentrifugation experiments often appear to contradict the very law on which they are based: Archimedes Principle - arguably, the oldest Physical Law. The purpose of this paper is delving at the very roots of the concept of buoyancy by means of a combined experimental-theoretical study on sedimentation profiles in colloidal mixtures. Our analysis shows that the standard Archimedes' principle is only a limiting approximation, valid for mesoscopic particles settling in a molecular fluid, and we provide a general expression for the actual buoyancy force. This "Generalized Archimedes Principle" accounts for unexpected effects, such as denser particles floating on top of a lighter fluid, which in fact we observe in our experiments.
New Results on the $π^{+}π^{-}$ Electroproduction Cross Sections off Protons
Creators: name: Fedotov, G. V.
name: Gothe, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings we present preliminary $π^{+}π^{-}$ electroproduction cross sections off protons in the kinematical area of 1.4 GeV $< W
description: Will be published in proceedings of NSTAR 2011 conference. 4 pages, 4 figures
V-Range: Enabling Secure Ranging in 5G Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Singh, Mridula
name: Roeschlin, Marc
name: Ranganathan, Aanjhan
name: Capkun, Srdjan
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: A number of safety- and security-critical applications such as asset tracking, smart ecosystems, autonomous vehicles and driver assistance functions, etc., are expected to benefit from the position information available through 5G. Driven by the aim to support such a wide-array of location-aware services and applications, the current release of 5G seeks to explore ranging and positioning as an integral part of 5G technology. In recent years, many attacks on positioning and ranging systems have been demonstrated, and hence it is important to build 5G systems that are resilient to distance and location manipulation attacks. No existing proposal either by 3GPP or the research community addresses the challenges of secure position estimation in 5G. In this paper, we develop V-Range, the first secure ranging system that is fully compatible with 5G standards and can be implemented directly on top of existing 5G-NR transceivers. We design V-Range, a system capable of executing secure ranging operations resilient to both distance enlargement and reduction attacks. We experimentally verify that V-Range achieves high precision, low-latency, and can operate in both the sub-6GHz and mm-wave bands intended for 5G. Our results show that an attacker cannot reduce or increase the distance by more than the imprecision of the system, without being detected with high probability.
The PROSPECT reactor antineutrino experiment
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Neutrino oscillation
Neutrino mixing
Reactor
PROSPECT

description: © 2019 Elsevier B.V. The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment, PROSPECT, is designed to make both a precise measurement of the antineutrino spectrum from a highly-enriched uranium reactor and to probe eV-scale sterile neutrinos by searching for neutrino oscillations over meter-long baselines. PROSPECT utilizes a segmented 6 Li-doped liquid scintillator detector for both efficient detection of reactor antineutrinos through the inverse beta decay reaction and excellent background discrimination. PROSPECT is a movable 4-ton antineutrino detector covering distances of 7m to 13m from the High Flux Isotope Reactor core. It will probe the best-fit point of the ν̄ e disappearance experiments at 4σ in 1 year and the favored regions of the sterile neutrino parameter space at more than 3σ in 3 years. PROSPECT will test the origin of spectral deviations observed in recent θ 13 experiments, search for sterile neutrinos, and address the hypothesis of sterile neutrinos as an explanation of the reactor anomaly. This paper describes the design, construction, and commissioning of PROSPECT and reports first data characterizing the performance of the PROSPECT antineutrino detector.
Single-logarithmic stability for the Calderón problem with local data
Creators: name: Alessandrini, Giovanni
name: Kim, Kyoungsun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 35R25

description: We prove an optimal stability estimate for Electrical Impedance Tomography with local data, in the case when the conductivity is precisely known on a neighborhood of the boundary. The main novelty here is that we provide a rather general method which enables to obtain the Hölder dependence of a global Dirichlet to Neumann map from a local one on a larger domain when, in the layer between the two boundaries, the coefficient is known.
description: 12 pages
Training as per syllabus: readying the south Saskatchwan regiment for war, 1939-1944
Creators: name: Benneweis, Douglas R.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 144-146
description: During its long period of training, the Canadian Army of World War Two decided how it would conduct warfare. Results varied upon combat being joined. Conclusions drawn from the outcome of Canadian battles, however, will forever remain an effect. The causes can only be determined through investigation of what occurred in the time spent preparing for combat, for it was during this period that doctrine was fonnulated, settled upon and instituted throughout the am1y. This thesis will examine the methods utilized in readying one formation - the South Saskatchewan Regiment - for combat in the Second World War. By comparing the training experiences of this representative body of soldiers to the historical literature on the training phase of the Canadian Army, conclusions will be drawn as to the latter's validity. This thesis illustrates that a great deal of time was wasted in the years leading up to the invasion of France during the summer of 1944 and how thoroughly unprepared the Canadian Army was for combat, when it finally arrived. It truly was a major failing of the Canadian Army high command not to use the considerable length of time preparing for modem warfare more effectively.
Assessment report on 'FAIRness of services'
Creators: name: Koers, Hylke
name: Gruenpeter, Morane
name: Herterich, Patricia
name: Hooft, Rob
name: Jones, Sarah
name: Parland-von Essen, Jessica
name: Staiger, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Data Management
FAIR
Data Services
Service Management
EOSC

description: To realise the full potential of a FAIR ecosystem in which research can be easily shared and optimally reused, as put forward in the Turning FAIR into reality report, we must look beyond ‘just’ research data: on the one hand we should include research software and other digital objects, and on the other hand we should lay out a vision and a roadmap for services and supporting infrastructure that fosters an optimal interplay between digital objects and services. The latter calls for an assessment framework for service owners which can be used to gauge where change is needed, together with actionable recommendations to drive incremental improvements. However, while the development of various FAIR assessment frameworks for data and other digital objects has enjoyed substantial activity over the last few years, a FAIR assessment framework for data services is still lacking — a fact that was recently underlined again in the interim recommendations from the EOSC FAIR Working Group. FAIRsFAIR task 2.4, entitled ‘FAIR services’, aims to close this gap by developing a FAIR assessment framework for data services (alongside a similar framework for research software). This report marks the first milestone of the task. It presents a survey of existing FAIR assessment frameworks, a proposed set of guiding principles and desiderata for the FAIR assessment framework that will be constructed, and three ‘FAIR service assessment’ case studies. We are seeking wide feedback on this report to inform subsequent work and, ultimately, feed into a FAIR assessment framework for data services that delivers clear direction and value to service owners and the community at large. Feedback and suggestions will be most welcome as comments on the public Google Doc version of this report: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VO8T8mpsp4qt-XSbcdUBTMVgOVwEf9na81Ccv56NPg4/edit
Reproducibility and Replicability of Web Measurement Studies
Creators: name: Demir, Nurullah
name: Große-Kampmann, Matteo
name: Urban, Tobias
name: Wresnegger, Christian
name: Holz, Thorsten
name: Pohlmann, Norbert
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Web measurement studies can shed light on not yet fully understood phenomena and thus are essential for analyzing how the modern Web works. This often requires building new and adjusting existing crawling setups, which has led to a wide variety of analysis tools for different (but related) aspects. If these efforts are not sufficiently documented, the reproducibility and replicability of the measurements may suffer - two properties that are crucial to sustainable research. In this paper, we survey 117 recent research papers to derive best practices for Web-based measurement studies and specify criteria that need to be met in practice. When applying these criteria to the surveyed papers, we find that the experimental setup and other aspects essential to reproducing and replicating results are often missing. We underline the criticality of this finding by performing a large-scale Web measurement study on 4.5 million pages with 24 different measurement setups to demonstrate the influence of the individual criteria. Our experiments show that slight differences in the experimental setup directly affect the overall results and must be documented accurately and carefully.
Weak solutions to a thin film model with capillary effects and insoluble surfactant
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Hillairet, Matthieu
name: Laurencot, Philippe
name: Walker, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper focuses on a model describing the spreading of an insoluble surfactant on a thin viscous film with capillary effects taken into account. The governing equation for the film height is degenerate parabolic of fourth order and coupled to a second order parabolic equation for the surfactant concentration. It is shown that nonnegative weak solutions exist under natural assumptions on the surface tension coefficient.
Using CMB lensing to constrain the multiplicative bias of cosmic shear
Creators: name: Vallinotto, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing is one of the key probes of cosmology. Cosmic shear surveys aimed at measuring the distribution of matter in the universe are currently being carried out (Pan-STARRS) or planned for the coming decade (DES, LSST, EUCLID, WFIRST). Crucial to the success of these surveys is the control of systematics. In this work a new method to constrain one such family of systematics, known as multiplicative bias, is proposed. This method exploits the cross-correlation between weak lensing measurements from galaxy surveys and the ones obtained from high resolution CMB experiments. This cross-correlation is shown to have the power to break the degeneracy between the normalization of the matter power spectrum and the multiplicative bias of cosmic shear and to be able to constrain the latter to a few percent.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Online Multi-Object Tracking with Instance-Aware Tracker and Dynamic Model Refreshment
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: cs.CV

description: Recent progresses in model-free single object tracking (SOT) algorithms have largely inspired applying SOT to \emph{multi-object tracking} (MOT) to improve the robustness as well as relieving dependency on external detector. However, SOT algorithms are generally designed for distinguishing a target from its environment, and hence meet problems when a target is spatially mixed with similar objects as observed frequently in MOT. To address this issue, in this paper we propose an instance-aware tracker to integrate SOT techniques for MOT by encoding awareness both within and between target models. In particular, we construct each target model by fusing information for distinguishing target both from background and other instances (tracking targets). To conserve uniqueness of all target models, our instance-aware tracker considers response maps from all target models and assigns spatial locations exclusively to optimize the overall accuracy. Another contribution we make is a dynamic model refreshing strategy learned by a convolutional neural network. This strategy helps to eliminate initialization noise as well as to adapt to the variation of target size and appearance. To show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, it is evaluated on the popular MOT15 and MOT16 challenge benchmarks. On both benchmarks, our approach achieves the best overall performances in comparison with published results.
On Decay of Correlations for Exclusion Processes with Asymmetric Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Malyshev, V. A.
name: Shvets, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C41

description: We consider a symmetric exclusion process on a discrete interval of $S$ points with various boundary conditions at the endpoints. We study the asymptotic decay of correlations as $S\to\infty$. The main result is asymptotic independence of a stationary distribution whem the points are far away from each other. We develop a new recurrent probabilistic approach which is an alternative to Derrida's algebraic technique.
Effect of a reservoir network on drought propagation in a semi-arid catchment in Brazil
Creators: name: van Langen, Simone C. H.
name: Costa, Alexandre C.
name: Neto, Germano G. Ribeiro
name: van Oel, Pieter R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Building reservoirs is a response to cope with drought in drylands. However, this human modification to the landscape may trigger both positive and negative effects. Here, we investigate how a network of reservoirs influences the propagation of meteorological drought (MD) into hydrological drought (HD) in a large semi-arid catchment in Brazil. We applied 12-month standardized indices to classify droughts. Then, the drought series were compared to each other. The downstreamness concept was used to describe the spatial water distribution. The onset of reservoir drought (RD) was much later than MD, but the delay between MD and RD peaks was even longer. Streamflow drought started with a small delay after MD, but it transformed into a similar RD. RD was initially more severe downstream. When the drought severity was at its highest, upstream and downstream RD equalized. The perceptual model of drought propagation may help in developing reservoir management systems in drylands.
title: Die ADLAF in einer Periode des Umbruchs in Deutschland und Europa (1989-1992)
Creators: name: Kohlhepp, Gerd
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 143
Cavity approach to sphere packing in Hamming space
Creators: name: Ramezanpour, A.
name: Zecchina, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the hard sphere packing problem in the Hamming space by the cavity method. We show that both the replica symmetric and the replica symmetry breaking approximations give maximum rates of packing that are asymptotically the same as the lower bound of Gilbert and Varshamov. Consistently with known numerical results, the replica symmetric equations also suggest a crystalline solution, where for even diameters the spheres are more likely to be found in one of the subspaces (even or odd) of the Hamming space. These crystalline packings can be generated by a recursive algorithm which finds maximum packings in an ultra-metric space. Finally, we design a message passing algorithm based on the cavity equations to find dense packings of hard spheres. Known maximum packings are reproduced efficiently in non trivial ranges of dimensions and number of spheres.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures; typos corrected
The neuroscience of movement, time and space : an arts educational study of the embodied brain
Creators: name: LaMonde, Anne-Marie R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is an exploration of the contributions of contemporary theories in film and literacy with the purpose of understanding how those theories inform an arts-based researcher in education. Additionally, further insights are drawn from cognitive, social, and neurosciences with the purpose of broadening the scope of understanding that stretches across multiple disciplines wherein film and literacy education is found. By engaging in a wide exploration across multiple fields of knowledge, this thesis shows the extent to which the general belief of the incommensurability between the arts, philosophy, cognitive, social and neurosciences has impacted negatively on education. It is believed, however, that knowledge gained through the study of contemporary theories in film and literacy, which is founded upon the philosophical, psychological, and sociological, may achieve greater clarity and insight when framed within the scope of advanced studies in neurosciences. With the interweaving of autobiographical accounts, explorations in the theoretical and experimental lead to a renewed understanding of film, arts, and literacy pedagogy. Finally, it is believed that understanding the convergence of the brain’s cognitive, emotional, and sensorimotor functions and the primacy of movement, is pivotal to understanding the complex issues of brain-body-mind that range from consciousness to learning.
Quantum order by disorder and accidental soft mode Er2Ti2O7
Creators: name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
name: Gvozdikova, M. V.
name: Holdsworth, P. C. W.
name: Moessner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent neutron scattering experiments, we derive and study an effective "pseudo-dipolar" spin-1/2 model for the XY pyrochlore antiferromagnet Er2Ti2O7. While a bond-dependent in-plane exchange anisotropy removes any continuous symmetry, it does lead to a one-parameter `accidental' classical degeneracy. This degeneracy is lifted by quantum fluctuations in favor of the non-coplanar spin structure observed experimentally -- a rare experimental instance of quantum order by disorder. A non-Goldstone low-energy mode is present in the excitation spectrum in accordance with inelastic neutron scattering data. Our theory also resolves the puzzle of the experimentally observed continuous ordering transition, absent from previous models.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, final version
Minefield: A Software-only Protection for SGX Enclaves against DVFS Attacks
Creators: name: Kogler, Andreas
name: Gruss, Daniel
name: Schwarz, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Modern CPUs adapt clock frequencies and voltage levels to workloads to reduce energy consumption and heat dissipation. This mechanism, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), is controlled from privileged software but affects all execution modes, including SGX. Prior work showed that manipulating voltage or frequency can fault instructions and thereby subvert SGX enclaves. Consequently, Intel disabled the overclocking mailbox (OCM) required for software undervolting, also preventing benign use for energy saving. In this paper, we propose Minefield, the first software-level defense against DVFS attacks. The idea of Minefield is not to prevent DVFS faults but to deflect faults to trap instructions and handle them before they lead to harmful behavior. As groundwork for Minefield, we systematically analyze DVFS attacks and observe a timing gap of at least 57.8 us between every OCM transition, leading to random faults over at least 57000 cycles. Minefield places highly fault-susceptible trap instructions in the victim code during compilation. Like redundancy countermeasures, Minefield is scalable and enables enclave developers to choose a security parameter between 0% and almost 100%, yielding a fine-grained security-performance trade-off. Our evaluation shows a density of 0.75, i.e., one trap after every 1-2 instruction, mitigates all known DVFS attacks in 99% on Intel SGX, incurring an overhead of 148.4% on protected enclaves. However, Minefield has no performance effect on the remaining system. Thus, Minefield is a better solution than hardware- or microcode-based patches disabling the OCM interface.
Designing sampling protocols for plant-pollinator interactions - timing, meteorology, flowering variations and failed captures matter
Creators: name: Grange, Marie Charlotte
name: Munoz, François
name: Moretti, Marco
name: Varona-Y-Varona, Sylvain
name: Renaud, Julien
name: Colace, Marie-Pascale
name: Gueguen, Maya
name: Gallien, Laure
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Plant-pollinator interactions are key components of ecosystem functioning and are therefore increasingly studied. Of all the approaches used to estimate these interactions, the capture of pollinators along transects is a widely used and recognized method. However, specific choices of sampling design can strongly influence observations of insect visits and bias ecological interpretations. Yet, there is no agreement on the best transect design. Sampling intensity (number and length of transects) is an important element of these choices, but not the only one. Here we investigate the influence of three other facets of protocol choices that commonly arise when designing pollination transects: (i) the influence of sampling conditions that may interact with ecological variables of interest or bias observations, (ii) the measurement of floral availability frequency, and (iii) the management of insects observed but not captured. We quantified the importance of these three protocol choices using a large dataset of 720 plant-pollinator transects in protected wet meadows in France. Our results demonstrate the need to (i) cover a wide range of temporal and meteorological conditions for each site, and (ii) repeat the assessment of plot attractiveness for pollinators (a major covariate, usually simply derived from one-off vegetation surveys). In addition, we show that (iii) for analyses of visitation density among insect groups, failed insect captures should not be discarded but incorporated into the analyses. Overall, this research identifies three key choices in transect design and highlights their influence in our understanding of plant-pollinator interactions.
title: Die ADLAF auf dem Weg ins 21. Jahrhundert: Konsolidierung und Internationalisierung (1998-2002)
Creators: name: Bodemer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 157
Combining phylogenetic and network approaches to identify HIV-1 transmission links in San Mateo County, California
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: HIV
transmission links
California
phylogenetics
network

description: © 2007 - 2018 Frontiers Media S.A. All Rights Reserved. The HIV epidemic in San Mateo County is sustained by multiple overlapping risk groups and is an important hub for HIV transmission in northern California. Limited access to care has led historically to delayed clinical presentation, higher rates of opportunistic infections, and an increased prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance. The virologic and clinical consequences of treatment within these multiple ethnic and behavioral groups are poorly understood, highlighting the need for efficient surveillance strategies that are able to elucidate transmission networks and drug resistance patterns. We obtained sequence data from a group of 316 HIV-positive individuals in the San Mateo AIDS Program over a 14-year period and integrated epidemiologic, phylogenetic, and network approaches to characterize transmission clusters, risk factors and drug resistance. Drug resistance mutations were identified using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. A maximum likelihood tree was inferred in RAxML and subjected to clustering analysis in Cluster Picker. Network analysis using pairwise genetic distances was performed in HIV-TRACE. Participants were primarily male (60%), white Hispanics and non-Hispanics (32%) and African American (20.6%). The most frequent behavior risk factor was male-male sex (33.5%), followed by heterosexual (23.4%) and injection drug use (9.5%). Nearly all sequences were subtype B (96%) with subtypes A, C, and CRF01_AE also observed. Sequences from 65% of participants had at least one drug resistance mutation. Clustered transmissions included a higher number of women when compared to non-clustered individuals and were more likely to include heterosexual or people who inject drugs (PWID). Detailed analysis of the largest network (N = 47) suggested that PWID played a central role in overall transmission of HIV-1 as well as bridging men who have sex with men (MSM) transmission with heterosexual/PWID among primarily African American men. Combined phylogenetic and network analysis of HIV sequence data identified several overlapping risk factors in the epidemic, including MSM, heterosexual and PWID transmission with a disproportionate impact on African Americans and a high prevalence of drug resistance.
Element Distributions In The Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Satterfield, T. J.
name: Katz, A. M.
name: Sibley, A. R.
name: MacAlpine, G. M.
name: Uomoto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Images of the Crab Nebula have been obtained through custom interference filters which transmit emission from the expanding supernova remnant in HI, HeI, HeII, [CI], [NII], [OI], [SII], and [SIII] emission lines. We present both raw and flux-calibrated data. Arrays of 19,440 photoionization models, with extensive input abundance ranges, were matched pixel by pixel to the calibrated data in order to derive corresponding element abundance or mass-fraction distributions for helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. These maps show distinctive structure, and they illustrate regions of gas in which various stages of nucleosynthesis have apparently occurred, including the CNO-cycle, helium-burning, carbon-burning, and oxygen-burning. It is hoped that the calibrated observations and chemical abundance distribution maps will be useful for developing a better understanding of the precursor star evolution and the supernova explosive process.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Effectiveness of Noise-Attenuating Headphones on Physiological Responses for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: hyperacusis
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
noise-attenuating headphones
noise canceling headphone
electrodermal responses (EDR)
autonomic nervous system
stress
anxiety

description: © Copyright © 2019 Pfeiffer, Stein Duker, Murphy and Shui. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proof of concept of an intervention to decrease sympathetic activation as measured by skin conductivity (electrodermal activity, EDA) in children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and auditory hypersensitivity (hyperacusis). In addition, researchers examined if the intervention provided protection against the negative effects of decibel level of environmental noises on electrodermal measures between interventions. The feasibility of implementation and outcome measures within natural environments were evaluated. Method: A single-subject multi-treatment design was used with six children, aged 8–16 years, with a form of Autism (i.e., Autism, PDD-NOS). Participants used in-ear (IE) and over-ear (OE) headphones for two randomly sequenced treatment phases. Each child completed four phases: (1) a week of baseline data collection; (2) a week of an intervention; (3) a week of no intervention; and (4) a week of the other intervention. Empatica E4 wristbands collected EDA data. Data was collected on 16–20 occasions per participant, with five measurements per phase. Results: Separated tests for paired study phases suggested that regardless of intervention type, noise attenuating headphones led to a significance difference in both skin conductance levels (SCL) and frequency of non-specific conductance responses (NS-SCRs) between the baseline measurement and subsequent phases. Overall, SCL and NS-SCR frequency significantly decreased between baseline and the first intervention phase. A protective effect of the intervention was tested by collapsing intervention results into three phases. Slope correlation suggested constant SCL and NS-SCR frequency after initial use of the headphones regardless of the increase in environmental noises. A subsequent analysis of the quality of EDA data identified that later phases of data collection were associated with better data quality. Conclusion: Many children with ASD have hypersensitivities to sound resulting in high levels of sympathetic nervous system reactivity, which is associated with problematic behaviors and distress. The findings of this study suggest that the use of noise attenuating headphones for individuals with ASD and hyperacusis may reduce sympathetic activation. Additionally, results suggest that the use of wearable sensors to collect physiological data in natural environments is feasible with established protocols and training procedures.
Analytic solutions to the accretion of a rotating finite cloud towards a central object - II. Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Tejeda, Emilio
name: Mendoza, Sergio
name: Miller, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a general relativistic model for the accretion flow of a rotating finite cloud of non-interacting particles infalling onto a Schwarzschild black hole. The streamlines start at a spherical shell, where boundary conditions are fixed, and are followed down to the point at which they either cross the black hole horizon or become incorporated into an equatorial thin disc. Analytic expressions for the streamlines and the velocity field are given, in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions, under the assumptions of stationarity and ballistic motion. A novel approach allows us to describe all of the possible types of orbit with a single formula. A simple numerical scheme is presented for calculating the density field. This model is the relativistic generalisation of the Newtonian one developed by Mendoza, Tejeda, Nagel, 2009 and, due to its analytic nature, it can be useful in providing a benchmark for general relativistic hydrodynamical codes and for exploring the parameter space in applications involving accretion onto black holes when the approximations of steady state and ballistic motion are reasonable ones.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, references and minor changes added to match version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ways to Build a Mobile App - Low Level Coding
Creators: name: Ntui, Aniebiet Inyang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mobile Applications
Apps

description: As the name implies, building an app using this method requires coding knowledge. If you don't know how to code. you'll either have to learn it or hire a developer. While I don't want to discourage you from learning a new skill, the first app you code on your own probably won't be suitable for mass distribution. But if the app isn't for your business and you want to improve your technical ability, then go for it. Otherwise, hiring a development team will be your best option here. Low-level coding will always be the most expensive and time-consuming development method. Why? Allow me to quickly explain.
Jewish Women in the Canadian Second World War Military Forces
Creators: name: Lipton, Saundra
Publisher: name: Association of Canadian Jewish Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: Military History
World War II

description: Writing on Jews in the Canadian forces focuses on the contributions of Jewish men with little or no acknowledgement of the service of Jewish women. Similarly, scholarship on Canadian women in the military forces of the Second World War is virtually silent on Jewish women’s contributions, and anthologies of servicewomen’s experiences rarely include the accounts of Jewish servicewomen. This article gives voice to the important role played by Jewish women in the Canadian Second World War forces and highlights how the military experience of these Jewish women was uniquely shaped by their gender and ethnicity.
The Baade-Wesselink p-factor applicable to LMC Cepheids
Creators: name: Nardetto, N.
name: Fokin, A.
name: Fouqué, P.
name: Storm, J.
name: Gieren, W.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Mourard, D.
name: Kervella, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Recent observations of LMC Cepheids bring new constraints on the slope of the period-projection factor relation (hereafter Pp relation) that is currently used in the Baade-Wesselink (hereafter BW) method of distance determination. The discrepancy between observations and theoretical analysis is particularly significant for short period Cepheids Aims. We investigate three physical effects that might possibly explain this discrepancy: (1) the spectroscopic S/N that is systematically lower for LMC Cepheids (around 10) compared to Galactic ones (up to 300), (2) the impact of the metallicity on the dynamical structure of LMC Cepheids, and (3) the combination of infrared photometry/interferometry with optical spectroscopy. Methods. To study the S/N we use a very simple toy model of Cepheids. The impact of metallicity on the projection factor is based on the hydrodynamical model of delta Cep already described in previous studies. This model is also used to derive the position of the optical versus infrared photospheric layers. Results. We find no significant effect of S/N, metallicity, and optical-versus-infrared observations on the Pp relation. Conclusions. The Pp relation of Cepheids in the LMC does not differ from the Galactic relation. This allows its universal application to determine distances to extragalactic Cepheids via BW analysis.
description: accepted in A&A LETTERS
New Insight in the Q2 Dependence of Proton Generalized Polarizabilities
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: A1 Collaboration

description: © 2019 American Physical Society. Virtual Compton scattering on the proton has been investigated at three yet unexplored values of the four-momentum transfer Q2: 0.10, 0.20, and 0.45 GeV2, at the Mainz Microtron. Fits performed using either the low-energy theorem or dispersion relations allowed the extraction of the structure functions PLL-PTT/ϵ and PLT, as well as the electric and magnetic generalized polarizabilities αE1(Q2) and βM1(Q2). These new results show a smooth and rapid falloff of αE1(Q2), in contrast to previous measurements at Q2=0.33 GeV2, and provide for the first time a precise mapping of βM1(Q2) in the low-Q2 region.
Intrinsic and extrinsic influences on vital rates of cougars (puma concolor) in a hunted population
Creators: name: Ghikas, Diana M.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 132-139
description: Cougars are solitary, so their life-history performance should depend primarily on individual characteristics and interactions with their environment, making them well suited for studying the effects of individual traits, conspecific density, and extrinsic factors on vital rates. I developed generalized-linear models to identify influences on survival and reproduction in an Alberta population during 1981-1994, based on previously collected data. Recently-independent offspring, older individuals, and males survived least successfully. During winter, survival increased if cougars frequented habitats > 1.4 km ( ¥ ) or >2.2 km (o ) from a highway, between 1445-1678 m ( ¥ ) or 1513-1646 m (o ) elevation, and with <33 % (¥ ) or <41 % (o ) closed-canopy cover (>50% and >45% opencanopy cover) within 1 km2. Survival was higher during dry winters and following wet spnngs. Productive females were older and frequented habitats with <31 % closed-canopy cover (>48% open-canopy cover) within 1.0 km2. Mothers that occupied mid-elevation habitats raised larger litters, and those that experienced harsh conditions or reproduced during low cougar density produced female-biased litters.
Making Sense of the Arctic: U.S.-Canadian Foreign and Defense Relations and the Establishment of JAWS and the DEW Line, 1944-1957
Creators: name: Woitkowitz, John
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Arctic
subject: JAWS
subject: DEW Line
subject: Sovereignty
subject: Security
subject: Cold War
subject: Second World War
subject: Northern history
subject: Anthropology--Cultural
subject: Canadian Studies
subject: Economics--History
subject: History--Modern
subject: History--Canadian
subject: History--United States
subject: Military Studies
subject: Political Science--International Law and Relations

description: This dissertation examines the diplomatic history of U.S.-Canadian foreign and defense relations in the Arctic from 1944 to 1957. World War II and the emerging Cold War transformed the Northern and Arctic regions of North America from a peripheral region of international politics to a frontline of military planning. The Cold War confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States, the advent of the nuclear age, and the advancements in the field of long-range aviation fixed foreign policy and continental defense planners’ attention on Northern and Arctic Canada, devising plans for the establishment of the Joint Arctic Weather Stations (JAWS) in 1947 and the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line in 1955. This study analyzes the origins, negotiations, and the construction of these Northern defense projects at the intersection of an emerging Cold War security crisis, an evolving legal landscape for Arctic sovereignty, and conceptions of the Arctic as a symbolic marker in the construction of Northern nationalisms. Existing studies of the JAWS and DEW Line talks by historians Shelagh Grant, Whitney Lackenbauer, Alexander Herd, and Peter Kikkert discuss these defense projects within the framework of sovereignty and security. More recent studies have adopted epistemological perspectives, exploring the construction of Arctic knowledge. This dissertation builds on this literature and contributes an analysis of the ideas and perceptions that guided key decision makers in Ottawa and Washington during the bilateral talks. By exploring unpublished personal papers and re-examining the ministerial records of Canada and the United States with a new research focus, this thesis explores how global and national conceptions of Arctic defense interacted with bureaucratic cultures within the Canadian and American foreign and defense establishments. Moreover, this study sheds new light on the relationship between non-governmental actors such as explorers, artists, novelists, and scientists and the realm of diplomacy and foreign policy-making. At the intersection of security, sovereignty, and nationalism, this dissertation, therefore, provides a fresh perspective on the way foreign and defense officials in Ottawa and Washington made sense of a rapidly changing international security situation and managed a yet nascent defense relationship in Northern and Arctic Canada.
title: Die Entwicklung der ADLAF unter dem Vorsitz des Ibero-Amerikanischen Instituts (2003-2004; 2007-2010)
Creators: name: Birle, Peter
Publisher: name: Iberoamericana/Vervuert
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Bibliotheca Ibero-Americana, vol. 17250 Jahre Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsche Lateinamerikaforschung ADLAF, p. 171
Single-cell transcriptomics reveal a correlation between genome architecture and gene family evolution in ciliates
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: transcriptomics
gene family evolution
genetic code evolution
phylogenomics
Ciliophora
uncultivable microbes

description: © 2019 Yan et al. Ciliates, a eukaryotic clade that is over 1 billion years old, are defined by division of genome function between transcriptionally inactive germline micronu-clei and functional somatic macronuclei. To date, most analyses of gene family evolution have been limited to cultivable model lineages (e.g., Tetrahymena, Paramecium, Oxytricha, and Stylonychia). Here, we focus on the uncultivable Karyorelictea and its understudied sister class Heterotrichea, which represent two extremes in genome architecture. Somatic macronuclei within the Karyorelictea are described as nearly diploid, while the Heterotrichea have hyperpolyploid somatic genomes. Previous analyses indicate that genome architecture impacts ciliate gene family evolution as the most diverse and largest gene families are found in lineages with extensively processed somatic genomes (i.e., possessing thousands of gene-sized chromosomes). To further assess ciliate gene family evolution, we analyzed 43 single-cell transcrip-tomes from 33 ciliate species representing 10 classes. Focusing on conserved eukaryotic genes, we use estimates of transcript diversity as a proxy for the number of paralogs in gene families among four focal clades: Karyorelictea, Heterotrichea, extensive fragmenters (with gene-size somatic chromosomes), and non-extensive fragmenters (with more traditional somatic chromosomes), the latter two within the sub-phylum Intramacronucleata. Our results show that (i) the Karyorelictea have the lowest average transcript diversity, while Heterotrichea are highest among the four groups; (ii) proteins in Karyorelictea are under the highest functional constraints, and the patterns of selection in ciliates may reflect genome architecture; and (iii) stop codon reassignments vary among members of the Heterotrichea and Spirotrichea but are conserved in other classes. IMPORTANCE To further our understanding of genome evolution in eukaryotes, we assess the relationship between patterns of molecular evolution within gene families and variable genome structures found among ciliates. We combine single-cell transcriptomics with bioinformatic tools, focusing on understudied and uncultivable lineages selected from across the ciliate tree of life. Our analyses show that genome architecture correlates with patterns of protein evolution as lineages with more canonical somatic genomes, such as the class Karyorelictea, have more conserved patterns of molecular evolution compared to other classes. This study showcases the power of single-cell transcriptomics for investigating genome architecture and evolution in uncultivable microbial lineages and provides transcriptomic resources for further research on genome evolution.
Model independent search for new phenomena in pp(bar) collisions at sqrt(s) =1.96 TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a model independent search for physics beyond the standard model in lepton final states. We examine 117 final states using 1.1 fb$^{-1}$ of $p \bar{p}$ collisions data at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96$ TeV collected with the D0 detector. We conclude that all observed discrepancies between data and model can be attributed to uncertainties in the standard model background modeling, and hence we do not see any evidence for physics beyond the standard model.
description: Submitted to PRD. 20 pages, 21 figures
Taraxacum tortilobiforme Soest
Creators: name: Uhlemann, Ingo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Taraxacum
Taraxacum tortilobiforme

description: Taraxacum tortilobiforme Soest,
Webbia 21: 626 (1966) –
 Abb. 8 A. Italien, Südtirol: Ortler-Gruppe, Sulden, Fuß der Ortler-Ostwand, Endmoräne des Maritferners, ca. 2300 m s.m., im Dolomitschutt, zahlreich; = Umgebung des locus classicus; 25. 7.2008, leg. Uhlemann (Hb. Uhlemann u. DR).
Diese Art wird durch ihre krausen Blätter mit kurzen, dreieckigen Seitenlappen, grüne, ungeflügelte Stiele, olivgrüne Hüllen, aufrecht stehende äußere Involukralblätter und schwarze Griffeläste gut charakterisiert.
 Diese bislang nur vom locus classicus bekannte Sippe ähnelt dem T. vetteri (vgl. weiter unten) ökologisch und morphologisch sehr. Dennoch sollten beide Arten aufgrund von Abweichungen in der Laubblattgestalt und der Färbung der Hülle und Griffeläste getrennt gehalten werden.
description: Published as part of Uhlemann, Ingo, 2011, Notizen zur Taraxacum-Flora Österreichs und Südtirols, pp. 27-53 in Neilreichia 6 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.303107