cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure at carbon nanotube tips studied by photoemission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kiyokura, T.
name: Ogino, T.
name: Nath, K.G.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Zhu, W.
name: Heun, S.
name: Watanabe, Y.
name: Bower, C.
name: Suzuki, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The valence band and C 1s photoemission spectra were measured from the tips and the sidewalls of multiwalled carbon nantoubes grown on Si substrates. The results show an overall spectral shift to the higherbinding-energy side, a larger density of states at the Fermi level, and a lower work function at the tips. These results can be explained by assuming that the Fermi level is slightly shifted upward and located inside the conduction band at the tips. We suggest that the electronic structure at the tips is considerably affected by defects.
Sharing costs of cross-border computing resources for beautiful climate data
Creators: name: Fouilloux, Anne
name: Iaquinta, Jean
name: Landgren, Oskar
name: Dwarakanath, Prashanth
name: Abdulrahman, Azab
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: climate
cloud computing
cross-border computing
Nordic

description: This paper is part of the Fast Track to Vision 2030 publication that is a collection of policy brief articles written by Nordic researchers participating in collaborative projects funded by NordForsk or Nordic Energy Research. All the articles published in the Fast Track to Vision 2030 are available at https://www.nordforsk.org/2023/fast-track-vision-2030, including this paper. NordForsk is aiming for this publication to contribute relevant and up-to-date research-based knowledge that facilitates the analysis of the challenges and opportunities of Nordic co-operation in the coming years. The articles are original and written in April and May 2023 in response to a NordForsk call for policy brief articles to invited researchers and research groups.
Work functions and valence band states of pristine and Cs-intercalated single-walled carbon nanotube bundles
Creators: name: Suzuki, S.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Watanabe, Y.
name: Bower, C.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2000

description: The electronic structures and the work functions of pristine and Cs-intercalated single-walled carbon nanotube bundles were investigated using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. The valence bands of the pristine bundles were considerably altered from those of graphite. A spectral shift to the higher binding energy side was observed in the Cs-intercalated sample. The work function of the pristine bundles was found to be 4.8 eV, which is 0.1-0.2 eV larger than that of graphite. A drastic decrease of the work function to about 2.4 eV was observed in the Cs-intercalated sample.
title: ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ У ДЕТЕЙ ПРИ КОНВЕРСИИ ПРОБЫ С ДИАСКИНТЕСТОМ ИЗ ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНОЙ В ПОЛОЖИТЕЛЬНУЮ
Creators: name: Лозовская, М.
name: Рахматулина, Ю.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Цель исследования – оценить эффективность кожного теста с аллергеном туберкулезным рекомбинантным (АТР, диаскинтест) для диагностики раннего периода первичной туберкулезной инфекции. Был обследован 51 ребенок в возрасте от 9 мес. до 13 лет с конверсией пробы с диаскинтестом из отрицательной в положительную. Всем детям была сделана компьютерная томография органов грудной клетки. В результате, диагностированы различные варианты туберкулезной инфекции: латентная туберкулезная инфекция – 37,3% (19); остаточные посттуберкулезные изменения (кальцинаты) в органах дыхания – 39,2% (20); туберкулез – 23,5% (12) детей. Совпадение конверсии пробы с АТР с виражом пробы Манту 2ТЕ наблюдалось в 35,3% (18) случаев. Cделано заключение, что только у части детей конверсия пробы с АТР происходит в раннем периоде первичной туберкулезной инфекции, остальные инфицированы МБТ c прошлых лет.
Using Arduino in Physics Experiments:Determining the Speed of Sound in Air
Creators: name: Coban, Atakan
name: Coban, Niyazi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Considering the 21st century skills and the importance of STEM education in fulfilling these skills, it is clear that the course materials should be materials that bring students together with technology and attract their attention, apart from traditional materials. In addition, in terms of the applicability of these materials, it is very important that the materials are affordable and easily accessible. In this study two open ended resonance tube, Computer and speaker for generate sound with different frequencies, Arduino UNO, AR-054 Sound Sensor, Green LED and 220 ohm resistance were used for measure the speed of sound in air at room tempature. With the help of sound sensor, two consecutive harmonic frequency values were determined and the fundamental frequency was calculated. Using the tube features and the fundamental frequency value, the speed of sound propagation in the air at room temperature was calculated as 386.42 m/s. This value is theoretically 346 m/s. This study, in which the propagation speed of the sound is calculated with very low cost and coding studies with 12% error margin, is important in terms of hosting all STEM gains and can be easily applied in classrooms.
An emergence of new polarized emission region in blazar Mrk 421 associated with X-ray flare
Creators: name: Itoh, Ryosuke
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.
name: Kawabata, Koji S.
name: Takaki, Katsutoshi
name: Hayashi, Kazuma
name: Uemura, Makoto
name: Ui, Takahiro
name: Sasada, Mahito
name: Yamanaka, Masayuki
name: Yoshida, Michitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on long-term multi-wavelength monitoring of blazar Mrk~421 from 2010 to 2011. The source exhibited extreme X-ray flares in 2010. Our research group performed optical photopolarimetric follow-up observations using the Kanata telescope. In 2010, the variability in the X-ray band was significant, while the optical and ultraviolet (UV) flux decreased gradually. Polarization properties also exhibited unique variability in 2010, suggesting the presence of systematic component of polarization and magnetic field alignment for the emergence of a new polarized emission region. In contrast, in 2011 the variability in the X-ray band was smaller, and the variability in the optical and UV bands was larger, than in 2010. To explore the reasons for these differences, spectral fitting analysis was performed via simple synchrotron-self Compton modelling; the results revealed different behaviors in terms of spectral evolution between these periods, suggesting different variability mechanisms between 2010 and 2011. In 2010, the radiation was likely the result of energy injection into the emitting regions with an aligned magnetic field. In contrast, in 2011 the superposition of different emission regions may have contributed to the low degree of observed polarization. It also implies that high-energy electron which were not accelerated to ultra-relativistic velocities were injected in 2011.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted by PASJ
Additional file 5 of Shared and distinct interactions of type 1 and type 2 Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 2 with the human genome
Creators: name: Viel, Kenyatta C. M. F.
name: Parameswaran, Sreeja
name: Donmez, Omer A.
name: Forney, Carmy R.
name: Hass, Matthew R.
name: Yin, Cailing
name: Jones, Sydney H.
name: Prosser, Hayley K.
name: Diouf, Arame A.
name: Gittens, Olivia E.
name: Edsall, Lee E.
name: Chen, Xiaoting
name: Rowden, Hope
name: Dunn, Katelyn A.
name: Guo, Rui
name: VonHandorf, Andrew
name: Leong, Merrin Man Long
name: Ernst, Kevin
name: Kaufman, Kenneth M.
name: Lawson, Lucinda P.
name: Gewurz, Ben
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Kottyan, Leah C.
name: Weirauch, Matthew T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 5.
Constraints on Radial Migration in Spiral Galaxies I. Analytic Criterion for Capture at Corotation
Creators: name: Daniel, Kathryne J.
name: Wyse, Rosemary F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near the corotation resonance of a transient spiral arm, stellar orbital angular momenta may be changed without inducing significant kinematic heating, resulting in what has come to be known as radial migration. When radial migration is very efficient, a large fraction of disk stars experiences significant, permanent changes to their individual orbital angular momenta over the lifetime of the disk, having strong implications for the evolution of disk galaxies. The first step for a star in a spiral disk to migrate radially is to be captured in a "trapped" orbit, associated with the corotation resonance of the spiral pattern. An analytic criterion for determining whether or not a star is in a trapped orbit has previously been derived only for stars with zero random orbital energy in the presence of a spiral with fixed properties. In this first paper in a series, we derive an analytic criterion appropriate for a star that is on an orbit of finite random orbital energy. Our new criterion demonstrates that whether or not a star is in a "trapped" orbit primarily depends on the star's orbital angular momentum. This criterion could be a powerful tool in the interpretation of the results of N-body simulations. In future papers of this series, we apply our criterion to explore the physical parameters important to determining the efficiency of radial migration and its potential importance to disk evolution.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
From Months to Weeks: A Paradigm Shift in Software Development with Clarity-Driven Framework
Creators: name: Gimmi, Phillip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461207
subject: Software quality, processes and metrics
classificationCode: 461206
subject: Software architecture
classificationCode: 461201
subject: Automated software engineering

description: The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 and their integration into the software development process has sparked a paradigm shift in the industry. While LLMs are exceedingly adept at automating various tasks, their effectiveness is constrained by the clarity and precision of human-generated instructions. We propose a framework termed "Clarity-Driven Development" (CDD), which seeks to optimise the software development lifecycle by enhancing the human-LLM interface. This paper explores the phases, stages, and granular elements of CDD, outlining a development process and TIM (Task-Instruction Mapping) management process that is comprehensible for both coders and non-coders. We discuss the limitations of LLMs and emphasise the need for precise human communication to unlock their full potential. Ultimately, CDD aims to streamline the development process, from Minimum Viable Product (MVP) to production ready delivery, thereby accelerating the pace of innovation.
Fluctuations of global energy release and crackling in nominally brittle heterogeneous fracture
Creators: name: Barés, Jonathan
name: Hattali, Lamine
name: Dalmas, Davy
name: Bonamy, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal evolution of mechanical energy and spatially-averaged crack speed are both monitored in slowly fracturing artificial rocks. Both signals display an irregular burst-like dynamics, with power-law distributed fluctuations spanning a broad range of scales. Yet, the elastic power released at each time step is proportional to the global velocity all along the process, which enables defining a material-constant fracture energy. We characterize the intermittent dynamics by computing the burst statistics. This latter displays the scale-free features signature of crackling dynamics, in qualitative but not quantitative agreement with the depinning interface models derived for fracture problems. The possible sources of discrepancies are pointed out and discussed.
Low power reconfigurability and reduced crosstalk in integrated photonic circuits fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Francesco
name: Atzeni, Simone
name: Pentangelo, Ciro
name: Pellegatta, Francesco
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Osellame, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Femtosecond laser writing is a powerful technique that allows rapid and cost-effective fabrication of photonic integrated circuits with unique three-dimensional geometries. In particular, the possibility to reconfigure such devices by thermo-optic phase shifters represents a paramount feature, exploited to produce adaptive and programmable circuits. However, the scalability is strongly limited by the flaws of current thermal phase shifters, which require hundreds of milliwatts to operate and exhibit large thermal crosstalk. In this work, thermally-insulating three-dimensional microstructures are exploited to decrease the power needed to induce a 2π phase shift down to 37 mW and to reduce the crosstalk to a few percent. Further improvement is demonstrated when operating in vacuum, with sub-milliwatt power dissipation and negligible crosstalk. These results pave the way towards the demonstration of complex programmable integrated photonic circuits fabricated by femtosecond laser writing, thus opening exciting perspectives in integrated quantum photonics.
Electronic structure of Si and Ge gold-doped clathrates
Creators: name: Kawaguchi, T.
name: Herrmann, R.F.W.
name: Kuroshima, S.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Tanigaki, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The electronic properties of single phase type-I clathrate compounds, Ba8Au6(SiorGe)40 and Ba8Ge46-x have been investigated. The crystal structure, electrical resistivities, magnetic susceptibilities, the density of states at the Fermi level, and the band gap (where applicable) were determined. Ba8Au6Si40 and Ba8Au6Ge40 show a metallic behavior whereas Ba8Ge46-x is semiconducting. On a basis of this work, a first evidence is presented of the existence of type-I mixed-clathrates containing both silicon and germanium.
title:  “Totenklagen” e “Klangfiguren”. L’esperienza della guerra nelle poesie sonore di Hugo Ball e nel dadaismo zurighese
Creators: name: Padularosa  ,  Daniela
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: L’articolo intende indagare le performaces artistiche e letterarie del gruppo Dada zurighese (1916) considerando il suo approccio sovversivo come una risposta alla Prima Guerra mondiale. In sintonia con la teoria di Nietzsche sulla crisi e sulla decadenza della società moderna, e con l’idea di Kandinskij di un’opera d’arte totale, il tratto interattivo di Dada, il suo uso simultaneo di linguaggi e generi diversi (poesia, pittura e musica) viene inteso come una rottura del vecchio sistema di valori, allo scopo di tornare a uno stato archetipico dell’essere umano. Il contributo si rivolge principalmente all’opera di Hugo Ball e al suo tentativo si trovare una unione tra parole e immagini.
description: B@belonline vol. 18/19 Gli intellettuali e la guerra
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics with Smoothed Pseudo-Density
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Satoko
name: Saitoh, Takayuki R.
name: Makino, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a new formulation of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), which, unlike the standard SPH (SSPH), is well-behaved at the contact discontinuity. The SSPH scheme cannot handle discontinuities in density (e.g. the contact discontinuity and the free surface), because it requires that the density of fluid is positive and continuous everywhere. Thus there is inconsistency in the formulation of the SSPH scheme at discontinuities of the fluid density. To solve this problem, we introduce a new quantity associated with particles and "density" of that quantity. This "density" evolves through the usual continuity equation with an additional artificial diffusion term, in order to guarantee the continuity of "density". We use this "density" or pseudo density, instead of the mass density, to formulate our SPH scheme. We call our new method as SPH with smoothed pseudo-density (SPSPH). We show that our new scheme is physically consistent and can handle discontinuities quite well.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures
AutoCost: Evolving Intrinsic Cost for Zero-violation Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: He, Tairan
name: Zhao, Weiye
name: Liu, Changliu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Safety is a critical hurdle that limits the application of deep reinforcement learning (RL) to real-world control tasks. To this end, constrained reinforcement learning leverages cost functions to improve safety in constrained Markov decision processes. However, such constrained RL methods fail to achieve zero violation even when the cost limit is zero. This paper analyzes the reason for such failure, which suggests that a proper cost function plays an important role in constrained RL. Inspired by the analysis, we propose AutoCost, a simple yet effective framework that automatically searches for cost functions that help constrained RL to achieve zero-violation performance. We validate the proposed method and the searched cost function on the safe RL benchmark Safety Gym. We compare the performance of augmented agents that use our cost function to provide additive intrinsic costs with baseline agents that use the same policy learners but with only extrinsic costs. Results show that the converged policies with intrinsic costs in all environments achieve zero constraint violation and comparable performance with baselines.
Self-Organized Platinum Nanoparticles on Freestanding Graphene
Creators: name: Xu, Peng
name: Dong, Lifeng
name: Neek-Amal, Mehdi
name: Ackerman, Matthew L.
name: Yu, Jianhua
name: Barber, Steven D.
name: Schoelz, James Kevin
name: Qi, Dejun
name: Xu, Fangfang
name: Thibado, Paul M.
name: Peeters, Francois M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Freestanding graphene membranes were successfully functionalized with platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed a homogeneous distribution of single-crystal Pt NPs that tend to exhibit a preferred orientation. Unexpectedly, the NPs were also found to be partially exposed to the vacuum with the top Pt surface raised above the graphene substrate, as deduced from atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscopy images and detailed molecular dynamics simulations. Local strain accumulation during the growth process is thought to be the origin of the NP self-organization. These findings are expected to shape future approaches in developing Pt NP catalysts for fuel cells as well as NP-functionalized graphene based high-performance electronics.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Deformation of carbon nanotubes in nanotube-polymer composites
Creators: name: Rosen, R.
name: Bower, C.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Han, J.
name: Jin, L.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc., Woodbury
Year: 1999

description: The various deformation and fracture modes of nanotube-polymer composites were investigated. Using the measured dimensions and curvatures of the bent nanotubes recorded by transmission electron microscopy, the tensile strains on the outermost shells of these MWNTs were calculated. Among the bent nanotubes measured, buckling was found to occur only in nanotubes with ε≥4.7%.
A comparative analysis of binding in ultralong-range Rydberg molecules
Creators: name: Fey, Christian
name: Kurz, Markus
name: Schmelcher, Peter
name: Rittenhouse, Seth T.
name: Sadeghpour, Hossein R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comparative analysis of different computational approaches employed to explore the electronic structure of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules. Employing the Fermi pseudopotential approach, where the interaction is approximated by an $s$-wave bare delta function potential, one encounters a non-convergent behavior in basis set diagonalization. Nevertheless, the energy shifts within the first order perturbation theory coincide with those obtained by an alternative approach relying on Green's function calculation with the quantum defect theory. A pseudopotential that yields exactly the results obtained with the quantum defect theory, i.e. beyond first order perturbation theory, is the regularized delta function potential. The origin of the discrepancies between the different approaches is analytically motivated.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Alignment of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix by mechanical stretching
Creators: name: Zhou, O.
name: Bower, C.
name: Jin, L.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc., Woodbury
Year: 1998

description: We report a method to fabricate polymer-based composites with aligned carbon nanotubes, and a procedure to determine the nanotube orientation and the degree of alignment. The composites were fabricated by casting a suspension of carbon nanotubes in a solution of a thermoplastic polymer and chloroform. They were uniaxially stretched at 100°C and were found to remain elongated after removal of the load at room temperature. The orientation and the degree of alignment were determined by x-ray diffraction. The dispersion and the alignment of the nanotubes were also studied by transmission electron microscopy.
Additional file 7 of Shared and distinct interactions of type 1 and type 2 Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 2 with the human genome
Creators: name: Viel, Kenyatta C. M. F.
name: Parameswaran, Sreeja
name: Donmez, Omer A.
name: Forney, Carmy R.
name: Hass, Matthew R.
name: Yin, Cailing
name: Jones, Sydney H.
name: Prosser, Hayley K.
name: Diouf, Arame A.
name: Gittens, Olivia E.
name: Edsall, Lee E.
name: Chen, Xiaoting
name: Rowden, Hope
name: Dunn, Katelyn A.
name: Guo, Rui
name: VonHandorf, Andrew
name: Leong, Merrin Man Long
name: Ernst, Kevin
name: Kaufman, Kenneth M.
name: Lawson, Lucinda P.
name: Gewurz, Ben
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Kottyan, Leah C.
name: Weirauch, Matthew T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 7.
The public and patient involvement imperative in Ireland: Building on policy drivers
Creators: name: Gilfoyle, Meghan
name: MACFARLANE, ANNE
name: HANNIGAN, AILISH
name: Niranjan, Vikram
name: Hughes, Zoe
name: Salsberg, Jon
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: What can we learn from the history of Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) in healthcare and research across global jurisdictions? Depending on region and context, the terminology and heritage of involvement in research vary. In this paper, we draw on global traditions to explore dominant themes and key considerations and critiques pertaining to PPI in order to inform a PPI culture shift in Ireland. We then describe the heritage of PPI in Ireland and present the case for combining methodological imperatives with policy drivers to support and encourage meaningful involvement. Specifically, we propose that PPI can be enriched by the theory and processes of participatory health research (PHR); and that implementation requires concurrent capacity building. We conclude with a call for Irish researchers (authors of this paper included) to consider the conceptual complexities and nuances of a participatory approach to build on the policy imperatives driving PPI and to contribute to the international evidence base and research culture. Specifically, we call for Irish health researchers and funders to consider and reflect on: (1) the rich literature of PHR as a resource for enacting meaningful PPI; (2) the roots and origins of varying participatory health research methods; (3) how community/patient groups can lead health research; and (4) co-learning and partnership synergy to create space for both academic and community expertise; and (5) the importance of using standardized reporting tools.
Construction of Uniform Designs over Continuous Domain in Computer Experiments
Creators: name: Lai, Jianfa
name: Fang, Kai-Tai
name: Peng, Xiaoling
name: Lin, Yuxuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6
subject: 62K05 (Primary), 62K15 (Secondary)

description: The construction of uniform designs (UDs) has received much attention in computer experiments over the past decades, but most of the previous works obtain uniform designs over a U-type by lattice domain. Due to increasing demands for continuous factors, UDs over the continuous domain is in lack. Moreover, the uniformity can be further improved over a continuous domain. In this paper, we use coordinate descent methods with an initialization derived by threshold accepting (TA) algorithm to construct UDs over a continuous domain with Centered $L_2$-discrepancy. The new UDs perform better than the recorded ones in several computer experiments by the Kriging modeling.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
title: ЦИСТИТ. НАИБОЛЕЕ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННЫЕ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛИ, ВЫЗЫВАЮЩИЕ ДАННУЮ ПАТОЛОГИЮ В НОВГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Creators: name: Наджафли, Ш.
name: Стуколкина, Н.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В Новгородской области распространены различные внутренние заболевания, в том числе бактериальной и инфекционной природы. Данная тема является актуальной и требует глубокого изучения и предупреждения возникновения данной патологии.
Studies on oxygen availability and the creation of natural and artificial oxygen gradients in gelatin-methacryloyl hydrogel 3D cell culture
Creators: name: Schmitz, Carola
name: Pepelanova, Iliyana
name: Ude, Christian
name: Lavrentieva, Antonina
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 3D cell culture
subject: AD-MSCs
subject: hydrogels
subject: hypoxia reporter cells
subject: hypoxia sensor
subject: oxygen concentration measurements
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Three-dimensional (3D) cultivation platforms allow the creation of cell models, which more closely resemble in vivo-like cell behavior. Therefore, 3D cell culture platforms have started to replace conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultivation techniques in many fields. Besides the advantages of 3D culture, there are also some challenges: cultivation in 3D often results in an inhomogeneous microenvironment and therefore unique cultivation conditions for each cell inside the construct. As a result, the analysis and precise control over the singular cell state is limited in 3D. In this work, we address these challenges by exploring ways to monitor oxygen concentrations in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) 3D hydrogel culture at the cellular level using hypoxia reporter cells and deep within the construct using a non-invasive optical oxygen sensing spot. We could show that the appearance of oxygen limitations is more prominent in softer GelMA-hydrogels, which enable better cell spreading. Beyond demonstrating novel or space-resolved techniques of visualizing oxygen availability in hydrogel constructs, we also describe a method to create a stable and controlled oxygen gradient throughout the construct using a 3D printed flow-through chamber.
Light propagation in periodically modulated complex waveguides
Creators: name: Nixon, Sean
name: Yang, Jianke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light propagation in optical waveguides with periodically modulated index of refraction and alternating gain and loss are investigated for linear and nonlinear systems. Based on a multiscale perturbation analysis, it is shown that for many non-parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric waveguides, their linear spectrum is partially complex, thus light exponentially grows or decays upon propagation, and this growth or delay is not altered by nonlinearity. However, several classes of non-$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric waveguides are also identified to possess all-real linear spectrum. In the nonlinear regime longitudinally periodic and transversely quasi-localized modes are found for $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric waveguides both above and below phase transition. These nonlinear modes are stable under evolution and can develop from initially weak initial conditions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 9 of Shared and distinct interactions of type 1 and type 2 Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 2 with the human genome
Creators: name: Viel, Kenyatta C. M. F.
name: Parameswaran, Sreeja
name: Donmez, Omer A.
name: Forney, Carmy R.
name: Hass, Matthew R.
name: Yin, Cailing
name: Jones, Sydney H.
name: Prosser, Hayley K.
name: Diouf, Arame A.
name: Gittens, Olivia E.
name: Edsall, Lee E.
name: Chen, Xiaoting
name: Rowden, Hope
name: Dunn, Katelyn A.
name: Guo, Rui
name: VonHandorf, Andrew
name: Leong, Merrin Man Long
name: Ernst, Kevin
name: Kaufman, Kenneth M.
name: Lawson, Lucinda P.
name: Gewurz, Ben
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Kottyan, Leah C.
name: Weirauch, Matthew T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 9.
Weakly Supervised Headline Dependency Parsing
Creators: name: Benton, Adrian
name: Shi, Tianze
name: İrsoy, Ozan
name: Malioutov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: English news headlines form a register with unique syntactic properties that have been documented in linguistics literature since the 1930s. However, headlines have received surprisingly little attention from the NLP syntactic parsing community. We aim to bridge this gap by providing the first news headline corpus of Universal Dependencies annotated syntactic dependency trees, which enables us to evaluate existing state-of-the-art dependency parsers on news headlines. To improve English news headline parsing accuracies, we develop a projection method to bootstrap silver training data from unlabeled news headline-article lead sentence pairs. Models trained on silver headline parses demonstrate significant improvements in performance over models trained solely on gold-annotated long-form texts. Ultimately, we find that, although projected silver training data improves parser performance across different news outlets, the improvement is moderated by constructions idiosyncratic to outlet.
description: Findings of EMNLP 2022
Structural and electronic properties of (NH3)xK3C60
Creators: name: Zhou, O.
name: Iwasa, Y.
name: Zegarski, B.R.
name: Murphy, D.W.
name: Palstra, T.T.M.
name: Fleming, R.M.
name: Sulewski, P.E.
name: Hebard, A.F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: We have investigated the synthesis, structure, and electronic properties of (NH3)xK3C60 by exposing preformed K3C60 to NH3 vapor. Measurements were made on bulk powders and films with a variety of techniques including in-situ x-ray diffraction and monitoring of NH3 pressure, Raman scattering and ac susceptibility. The reaction of NH3 with K3C60 is completely reversible and leaves the (C60)3- charge state intact, while allowing the distance between the C60 molecules to vary. We observe two different crystallographic structures at x=1 and x=8-10. The x=1 structure is face-centered orthorhombic with a single NH3 on the octahedral interstitial site. It is single phase at 100°C and NH3 pressures 400 torr and remains single phase at 0 torr if the temperature is reduced to 25°C. Although (NH3)K3C60 exhibits no superconductivity at ambient pressure, superconductivity can be induced by hydrostatic pressure with an onset at 28 K. The details of the x=8-10 structure are uncertain, however it appears that this phase is body-centered tetragonal with NH3 on both the octahedral and tetrahedral sites. It occurs at room temperature and NH3 pressures 500 torr, but is not stable at lower NH3 pressures. Resistivity measurements of NH3-doped K3C60 films show that the formation of the new structure results in a rapid increase of the resistivity to values exceeding 1 cm.
Critical temperature of the superfluid transition in Fermi-system at an arbitrary pair potential
Creators: name: Poluektov, Yu. M.
name: Soroka, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for calculation of the critical temperature of transition of a many-particle Fermi system into a superfluid or a superconducting state at an arbitrary pair potential of the interparticle interaction is proposed. An original homogeneous integral equation, that determines the critical temperature, is transformed into a homogeneous integral equation with a symmetric kernel that enables application of a general theory of integral equations for calculation. Examples are given of calculation of the superconducting transition critical temperature for the BCS potential with the Coulomb repulsion and the critical temperature of the superfluid transition of liquid helium-3 into $p$-wave pairing state for the Morse potential.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Improving the fatigue life of printed structures using stochastic variations
Creators: name: Van Den Broek, Sander
name: Wolff, Johannes
name: Scheffler, Sven
name: Hühne, Christian
name: Rolfes, Raimund
Publisher: name: [Cham, Switzerland] : Springer International Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Additive manufacturing
subject: Fatigue improvement
subject: Random field
subject: Robust design
subject: Thickness tailoring
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Additive manufacturing allows designers to create geometries that would not be possible or economical to manufacture using traditional manufacturing processes. Production with these technologies does, however, introduce a large amount of variation and additional unknowns. These random variations from idealized geometry or material properties can harm the performance of the design. The current work presents an approach to improve the fatigue life of such structures, and simultaneously reduce its influence from random variations in local thickness. Following an initial numerical study, the results are experimentally validated. Experimental results show a significant improvement in fatigue life in the redesigned sample with a tailored thickness distribution.
A Non-Iterative Transformation Method for Blasius Equation with Moving Wall or Surface Gasification
Creators: name: Fazio, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.7
subject: 65L10, 34B40, 76D10, 76M55

description: We define a non-iterative transformation method for Blasius equation with moving wall or surface gasification. The defined method allows us to deal with classes of problems in boundary layer theory that, depending on a parameter, admit multiple or no solutions. This approach is particularly convenient when the main interest is on the behaviour of the considered models with respect to the involved parameter. The obtained numerical results are found to be in good agreement with those available in literature.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Size-segregated chemical, gravimetric and number distribution-derived mass closure of the aerosol in Sagres, Portugal during ACE-2
Creators: name: Neusüß, C.
name: Weise, D.
name: Birmili, W.
name: Wex, H.
name: Wiedensohler, A.
name: Covert, D.S.
Publisher: name: Milton Park : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: ACE 2
subject: aerosol property
subject: anthropogenic source
subject: closure
subject: research program
subject: 550

description: During the ACE-2 field campaign in the summer of 1997 an intensive, ground-based physical and chemical characterisation of the clean marine and continentally polluted aerosol was performed at Sagres, Portugal. Number size distributions of the dry aerosol in the size range 3–10 000 nm were continuously measured using DMPS and APS systems. Impactor samples were regularly taken at 60% relative humidity (RH) to obtain mass size distributions by weighing the impactor foils, and to derive a chemical mass balance by ion and carbon analysis. Hygroscopic growth factors of the metastable aerosol at 60% RH were determined to estimate the number size distribution at a relative humidity of 60%. A size segregated 3-way mass closure study was performed in this investigation for the first time. Mass size distributions at 60% RH derived from number size distribution measurements and impactors samples (weighing and chemical analysis) are compared. A good agreement was found for the comparison of total gravimetrically-determined mass with both number distribution-derived (slope=1.23/1.09; R2>0.97; depending on the parameters humidity growth and density) and chemical mass concentration (slope=1.02; R2=0.79) for particles smaller than 3 mm in diameter. Except for the smallest impactor size range relatively good correlations (slope=0.86–1.42) with small deviations (R2=0.76–0.98) for the different size fractions were found. Since uncertainties in each of the 3 methods are about 20% the observed differences in the size-segregated mass fractions can be explained by the measurement uncertainties. However, the number distributionderived mass is mostly higher than the chemically and gravimetrically determined mass, which can be explained by sampling losses of the impactor, but as well with measurement uncertainties as, e.g., the sizing of the DMPS/APS.
XNLI: Explaining and Diagnosing NLI-based Visual Data Analysis
Creators: name: Feng, Yingchaojie
name: Wang, Xingbo
name: Pan, Bo
name: Wong, Kam Kwai
name: Ren, Yi
name: Liu, Shi
name: Yan, Zihan
name: Ma, Yuxin
name: Qu, Huamin
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural language interfaces (NLIs) enable users to flexibly specify analytical intentions in data visualization. However, diagnosing the visualization results without understanding the underlying generation process is challenging. Our research explores how to provide explanations for NLIs to help users locate the problems and further revise the queries. We present XNLI, an explainable NLI system for visual data analysis. The system introduces a Provenance Generator to reveal the detailed process of visual transformations, a suite of interactive widgets to support error adjustments, and a Hint Generator to provide query revision hints based on the analysis of user queries and interactions. Two usage scenarios of XNLI and a user study verify the effectiveness and usability of the system. Results suggest that XNLI can significantly enhance task accuracy without interrupting the NLI-based analysis process.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. A preprint version of a publication at IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), 2023
A simple non-linear analytical relationship between aerosol accumulation number and sub-micron volume, explaining their observed ratio in the clean and polluted marine boundary layer
Creators: name: Van Dingenen, Rita
name: Virkkula, Aki O.
name: Raes, Frank
name: Bates, Timothy S.
name: Wiedensohler, Alfred
Publisher: name: Milton Park : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: ACE 2
subject: aerosol formation
subject: atmospheric chemistry
subject: boundary layer
subject: marine atmosphere
subject: 550

description: We propose an analytical expression for the relation between aerosol accumulation number and sub-micron volume over the marine boundary layer (MBL), based on a simple balance equation. By providing appropriate source and sink terms which account for entrainment, coagulation, in-cloud scavenging and condensational growth, the model is able to reproduce the observed ratio between MBL particles larger than 80 nm diameter (as a proxy for accumulation mode number) and submicron aerosol volume, from freshly polluted to background conditions. Entrainment and coagulation are essential in predicting the observed ratio. Budget and lifetime calculations show that, due to relatively low source rates of oceanic non-sea-salt-sulfate and sea-salt, the anthropogenic signature in aerosol volume remains significant even after 8 days of MBL transport.
Unusual thermal stability of a site-ordered MC60 rocksalt structure (M=K, Rb, or Cs)
Creators: name: Strongin, R.M.
name: Cichy, M.A.
name: Romanow, W.J.
name: McGhie, A.R.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Zhu, Q.
name: Smith III, A.B.
name: Fischer, J.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry of MxC60, with x∼1 and M=K, Rb, or Cs, reveal an unusual T-dependent phase sequence. A low-symmetry ground state is found, while the high-T limit is an ordered rocksalt structure in which only the octahedral sites are occupied. The unusual high-T stability of this ordered phase is attributed to the entropy of molecular orientational disorder and/or thermal disorder of the alkali-metal ions within the octahedral sites. Unique to KxC60 with x1.4, we find at intermediate temperatures an fcc site-disordered lattice gas phase with random occupancy of tetrahedral and octahedral sites, which is thus isostructural with superconducting K3C60.
Riblet surface effect on laminar to turbulent transition by Direct Numerical Simulation
Creators: name:  KENTO KANEKO
name:   AKIRA OYAMA
name:   AIKO YAKENO
name:   SHINGO HAMADA
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: RIBLET
DNS
LAMINAR
TRANSITION

description: Direct numerical simulations of the laminar, transition, and turbulent flows at the speed of the aircraft cruise condition are carried out to reveal the effect of the riblet on the drag. The drag decreases in the transition and turbulent regions while it increases in the laminar region on the riblet surface compared to the smooth surface. The main reason for the change in the drag is that the riblet changes the friction drag coefficient. Since the shear stresses in turbulent flow are broadly divided into kinematic viscosity and stresses due to turbulence fluctuation, the effect of the riblet on each of these stresses is investigated. The mean velocity profiles show that the stress due to kinematic viscosity is reduced on the riblet surface compared to the smooth surface in the laminar, transition, and turbulent flow regions. In the laminar flow regime, only the reduction of the kinematic viscous stresses is apparent as an effect of the riblet. This effect is not sufficient to reduce drag enough to overcome the increase in wetted area. On the other hand, in the transition and the turbulent regions, not only the kinematic viscous stresses but also the stresses due to turbulent fluctuations are reduced by the riblet, resulting in the reduction of the drag. Under the presented computational conditions, the rate of drag reduction is greater in the transition region than in the turbulent region. One of the reasons for this is that the reduction in friction drag due to the turbulence fluctuation is greater in the transition region than in the turbulent region. The investigation of the turbulence statistics suggests that the rib let promotes three-dimensional collapse before the T-S waves grow strongly. Therefore, the turbulent kinetic energy is suppressed by the riblet in the transition region. It is conceivable that there is a correlation between the reduction in the turbulent kinetic energy and the reduction in the friction drag due to the turbulent flactuation.
Generalized ADE Classification of Gapped Domain Walls
Creators: name: Hung, Ling-Yan
name: Wan, Yidun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we would like to demonstrate how the known rules of anyon condensation motivated physically proposed by Bais \textit{et al} can be recovered by the mathematics of twist-free commutative separable Frobenius algebra (CSFA). In some simple cases, those physical rules are also sufficient conditions defining a twist-free CSFA. This allows us to make use of the generalized $ADE$ classification of CSFA's and modular invariants to classify anyon condensation, and thus characterizing all gapped domain walls and gapped boundaries of a large class of topological orders. In fact, this classification is equivalent to the classification we proposed in Ref.1.
description: 9+6 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, minor corrections, references added
Impedance Spectroscopy: fast and versatile characterization tool for multiscale evaluation of organic photovoltaic materials and process
Creators: name: Douheret, Olivier
name: Moerman, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: smpedance spectroscopy, photovoltaic, organic

description: This screencast is a presentation about the application of impedance spectroscopy to organic semiconductors found in photovoltaic cells. The here used experimental setup for impedance spectroscopy is described and it is shown how to extract parameters such as: semiconductor type, semiconductor regime and carrier mobility.