cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wolbachia infection in a sex-structured mosquito population carrying West Nile virus
Creators: name: Farkas, József Z.
name: Gourley, Stephen A.
name: Liu, Rongsong
name: Yakubu, Abdul-Aziz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D30, 34D20, 34C11

description: Wolbachia is possibly the most studied reproductive parasite of arthropod species. It appears to be a promising candidate for biocontrol of some mosquito borne diseases. We begin by developing a sex-structured model for a Wolbachia infected mosquito population. Our model incorporates the key effects of Wolbachia infection including cytoplasmic incompatibility and male killing. We also allow the possibility of reduced reproductive output, incomplete maternal transmission, and different mortality rates for uninfected/infected male/female individuals. We study the existence and local stability of equilibria, including the biologically relevant and interesting boundary equilibria. For some biologically relevant parameter regimes there may be multiple coexistence steady states including, very importantly, a coexistence steady state in which Wolbachia infected individuals dominate. We also extend the model to incorporate West Nile virus (WNv) dynamics, using an SEI modelling approach. Recent evidence suggests that a particular strain of Wolbachia infection significantly reduces WNv replication in Aedes aegypti. We model this via increased time spent in the WNv-exposed compartment for Wolbachia infected female mosquitoes. A basic reproduction number $R_0$ is computed for the WNv infection. Our results suggest that, if the mosquito population consists mainly of Wolbachia infected individuals, WNv eradication is likely if WNv replication in Wolbachia infected individuals is sufficiently reduced.
description: to appear in Journal of Mathematical Biology
Manipulation of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Signaling Using DREADDs Reduces Binge-Like Ethanol Consumption of CRF-Cre Transgenic Mice
Creators: name: Ebert, Suzahn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Binge-like ethanol consumption is characterized by the rapid achievement of blood ethanol concentrations (BEC) of ≥80 mg/dl and is associated with an increased risk of ethanol dependence. Evidence of this association is based on an overlap between neurobiological mechanisms active during ethanol dependence and those activated during excessive ethanol consumption prior to dependence. One such contributor is the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system. Our laboratory has shown that antagonism of CRF receptors within the central amygdala (CeA) reduces binge-like ethanol consumption. The current study was designed to extend previous research by measuring ethanol consumption following the manipulation of CRF signaling in the CeA using Cre-induced inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) technology. Additionally, we tested whether manipulation of CRF signaling in the CeA modulates general rewarding behavior or specifically reduces binge-like ethanol consumption. Ethanol or sucrose, consumption of which is indicative of general rewarding behavior, was administered using a 4-day procedure that mimics binge-like drinking. On the first two test days, mice received drug injections to activate the DREADDs, thereby inhibiting CRF neurons within the CeA. Statistical analysis revealed that Gi-DREADD activation in the CeA reduced ethanol consumption but had no significant effect on sucrose consumption. These data suggest that the reduced ethanol consumption during the first two cycles was not merely a general rewarding behavior but was instead specific to ethanol consumption. Moreover, they suggest that inhibition of the CRF signaling pathway in the CeA remains a viable target for manipulating binge-like ethanol consumption.
Fetal outcome of adolescent pregnancy in a tertiary care center in western Nepal: A case control study
Creators: name: Mahato, Sweta
name: Younjan, Sanjeev
name: Mahato, Anamika
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: Background: The incidence of adolescent pregnancy is decreasing in developed countries, whereas developing countries like Nepal still report a high incidence. Aims: To compare the fetal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies with those of the optimal reproductive age group in a country that accounts for 95% of teenage pregnancies, in contrast to 11% worldwide. Method: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 150 pregnant women with singleton gestation admitted to Kathmandu University Hospital. An adolescent pregnancy (<19 yrs.) was considered a case, and pregnant women of the optimal age group (20-35 yrs.) were considered the control. The data were collected from Jan 5, 2018, to Jan 5, 2019. The control group was selected by matching the parity of the cases in the study groups during the same study period. Respondents were interviewed and examined with a pre-structured tool. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated using conditional logistic regression (P<0.05 considered significant). Results: The mean age of adolescent mothers was 17 years, the majority being primigravida. This study identified that fetal complications were higher in adolescent pregnancies (61% vs. 40%). The fetal complications like low birth weight (OR 2.42, 95%CI :1.044-5.43, P=0.03), NICU admission (OR 3.27, 95%CI:1.48-7.25, P=0.003), low APGAR score (OR 2.32, 95%CI:1.05-5.11, P=0.034) and Neonatal Death (OR 3.72, 95%CI:1.15-12.01, P=0.04) were associated with the adolescent pregnancies respectively. Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancies are at increased risk of fetal complications compared to pregnancies in the optimal reproductive group. Adolescent pregnancies were at increased risk of low birth weight, neonatal death, low APGAR score, and higher admission in NICU. Therefore, an adequate antenatal visiting program for early detection and timely management likely will reduce the fetal complications during adolescent pregnancy. Keywords: adolescent pregnancy, complications, . Conflicts of interest: None declared.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 2, 2022: Young Indonesian Scientists Write On Public Health
Does Fama-French and Carhart Four Factor Models Explain Average Excess Returns on Individual Stock? Evidence From the UK Equity Market
Creators: name: Jev, Japheth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Time-series analysis

description: This study tested the Fama-French and Carhart four factor model on the financial time series of excess returns of BAE Systems stock to determine the ability of the model to explain the variations in excess returns of an individual stock. The time series sample data spanned for the period of ten years starting from 2007 to 2017. Unit root test was performed on the series to confirm the presence of stationarity in the series. Breusch-Pegan and White tests for heteroscedasticity were also performed to confirm if the series was homoscedastic. The result showed that Fama-French and Carhart four-factor models accounted for only 35% of the variations in excess returns on the selected stock.
Investigating Disparities in Opioid Receipt among Older Patients with Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: Otto, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Purpose: Pain is common among patients with late-stage cancer, and pain management is an important component of high quality cancer care. Previous research has documented racial disparities in pain management for some types of cancers; however, little is known about the extent of disparities in pain management among individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancers. In this study, we investigated racial differences in opioid use patterns among Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed stage IV colorectal cancer who did not receive surgery after diagnosis.
Participants: We included individuals from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database who were greater than 66 years old, either black or white race, and newly diagnosed with stage IV colorectal cancer between July 2007 and December 2011. Patients were required to have at least 6 months of continuous enrollment in Medicare Parts A, B, and D prior to diagnosis, continued through death or end of follow-up and were opioid-naïve for at least 3 months prior to their cancer diagnosis.
Procedures: We classified patients based on their recorded race in the SEER cancer registry as black or white. Outcome measured included whether the patient filled any opioid in the post-diagnosis period, the dose of first filled opioid, and any receipt of a long-acting opioid prescription.
Statistical Analysis: We used Kaplan-Meier analysis to compare time to opioid use by race. We used Cox proportional hazard models to control for other need-related characteristics.
Results: There were 796 white and 167 black patients included. Approximately 56% of patients received opioids in the post-diagnosis period, with no difference by race (p=0.80). White patients were more likely to be started at a higher average dose (53.8 MME vs. 45.2 MME, p<0.05) and were somewhat more likely to receive long-acting opioids (13.2% vs. 18.3%, p=0.11).
Conclusions: While black and white patients with late stage colorectal cancer in this cohort had similar use of opioid prescriptions post-diagnosis, there may be important gaps in the adequacy of pain management among black patients given the lower starting doses and somewhat lower likelihood of receiving long-acting products.
Silhouette Database
Creators: name: Kawai, Claudia
name: Lukács, Gáspár
name: Ansorge, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Affective
subject: Bicolor
subject: b/w
subject: Database
subject: Emotion
subject: Material
subject: Normed
subject: Rating
subject: Shape
subject: Silhouette
subject: Stimulus

description: Endeavour to create a Cross-Cultural Bicolour Affective Silhouette & Shape (BASS) Database
Legal protection of the patient's right to access medical records in Indonesia
Creators: name: Sudra, Rano Indradi
name: Putra, Sarsintorini
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: Background: Patient access rights to medical records are related to the retention period because they can only be accessed as long as they have not been destroyed. The study aims to identify the corresponding regulations to assess the legal protection of the patient's right to access her/his medical record. Methods: Tracing and identifying primary legal sources in regulatory content related to patient rights of access. An analysis was conducted on the clarity and consistency of the contents identified. Results: Regulations identified regarding patients' rights to access their medical records are Law number 29 of 2004, Government Regulation number 47 of 2021, and Minister of Health Regulation number 269 of 2008. The regulations governing the retention period of medical records are Law number 11 of 2008, Law number 44 of 2009, Government Regulation number 46 of 2017 and number 71 of 2019, Minister of Health Regulation number 269 of 2008, number 82 of 2013, and number 46 of 2017. Conclusions: The condition of disharmony and inconsistency among regulations governing patient access rights and the retention period of medical records creates uncertainty for patients to access their medical records. Conflicts of interest: None declared.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 2, 2022: Young Indonesian Scientists Write On Public Health
Measles, a re-emerging disease in Albania: Epidemiology and clinical presentations
Creators: name: Çomo, Najada
name: Meta, Esmeralda
name: Qato, Migena
name: Kraja, Dhimiter
name: Pipero, Pellumb
name: Fico, Albana
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: Aim: Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by the measles virus. Albania is one of many European countries that have successfully interrupted endemic transmission of this disease. However, during the years 2018-2019, an outbreak of measles occurred in Albania. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features and complications of hospitalized measles patients in Tirana, Albania, as related to age-group and risk factors. Methods: All patients hospitalized for over 24 hours from January 2018 to December 2019 at the Service of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Centre “Mother Teresa” in Tirana were included in this study. We included patients over 14 years old as this is an Infectious Diseases Service for adult patients only. Clinical and laboratory data were analysed. Results: Of the 318 hospitalized patients (139 females), about 35%, 26%, 17%, 14%, and 7% were 15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and over 55 years old, respectively. Females constituted 37% of the total number of patients. The average and median ages were 30.9 years and 28.5 years, respectively. Average time from the first symptom to the hospital presentation was 3.8 days. Contact with other patients with measles was noted in 21% of the patients. Body rashes were identified as maculopapular in 96% of the patients. Pathognomonic enanthema or Koplik spots and conjunctivitis were detected in 62% and 52% of the patients, respectively. Measles-related complications were noted in 53% of the patients; pneumonia/pneumonitis, hepatitis, neurological complications were presented by 24%, 26%, and 3% of the patients, respectively. Average duration of hospitalization was 5.4 days, whereas mortality was 0.3%. Conclusion: This study provides valuable evidence about the distribution and clinical features of measles in Albania. Measles is a highly contagious disease and, as long as the measles virus is circulating, the risk of transmission remains high. Conflicts of interest: None declared.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XVII, 2021
Pay-for-performance and tools for quality assurance in health care
Creators: name: Donev, Doncho
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: Ongoing health care reforms in the countries of Southeast Europe (SEE) to modernise and promote the health sector include the introduction of innovative payment methods for health care providers in hospitals and outpatient services. The idea of remunerating health workers according to the work they do and the results they achieve has been present in the countries of SEE for more than four decades. This includes the need to develop and implement objective measures and criteria to regulate the work of health facilities and health professionals. Implementing the "Pay-for-performance" (P4P) model is a major challenge with the risk of compromising the quality of health services in all countries, and positive experiences for quality assurance have been modest in many countries around the world. Standards and norms (S/N), clinical pathways (CPW) and checklists (CL) are necessary regulatory tools that complement each other to protect the quality of health services and implement the "Payment for success" (P4S) model. The absence of S/N, CPW and CL in the implementation of the P4P model leads to inefficiencies, inadequate/unrealistic numbers, and poor quality of health services, as well as more frequent medical errors. With the development, introduction and implementation of S/N, CPW and CL in the application of the P4S model, everyone benefits: patients, healthcare organisations and their employees, health insurance companies, ministries of health and the state. Conflicts on interest: None
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 1, 2022: The Population's Health: Could South Eastern Europe Do Better?
Reicht ein einfaches Chemiemodul zur Ozonberechnung in einem mesoskaligen Modell?
Creators: name: Stockhause, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1996
Subjects: ozone
mesoscale model
chemical module
CHEMSAN
GRS
EMEP

description: Das Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit war die Entwickung eines kompakten chemischen Reaktionssystems, der aufgrund seines geringen Rechenzeit- und Speicherplatzbedarfs gut für Transportrechnungen mit einem mesoskaligen Modell verwendbar ist, so z.B. für dreidimensionale Anwendungen, die mit einem PC durchgeführt werden, oder für solche, die neben einer Gasphasenchemie noch eine Vielzahl von anderen chemischen und physikalischen Prozessen einbeziehen. Der Fokus lag auf der Bestimmung der Ozonkonzentrationen und der räumlichen Ozonverteilung im Modellgebiet. Außerdem sollte er in der Zukunft die Möglichkeit bieten, zusammen mit einer Aerosolchemie und/oder Nassphasenchemie dreidimensionale Simulationen durchführen zu können. Deshalb war es erforderlich, die Stoffe Salpetersäure und Schwefelsäure in das zu entwickelnde Reaktionssystem einzubeziehen, die Berücksichtigung eines weiteren Eingangsstoffes für einen Aerosol- bzw. Nassphasenmechanismus des Wasserstoffperoxids, blieb einer späteren Erweiterung des entwickelten Reaktionssystems vorbehalten. Is a simple chemistry module sufficient for calculating ozone in a mesoscale model? The aim of this diploma thesis was the development of a compact chemical reaction mechanism, which due to its low compute and memory requirements is well suited for transport calculations with a mesoscale model, e.g. for three-dimensional applications that are carried out with a PC or for those that include a variety of other chemical and physical processes apart from a gas phase chemistry. The focus was on determining the ozone concentrations and the spatial ozone distribution in the model region. In addition, in the future it should offer the possibility of being able to carry out three-dimensional simulations together with aerosol chemistry and/or wet phase chemistry. It was therefore necessary to include the substances nitric and sulfuric acid in the developed reaction system, the consideration of another input substance for an aerosol or wet phase mechanism, hydrogen peroxide, was reserved for a later expansion of the reaction system.
description: Is a simple chemistry module sufficient for calculating ozone in a mesoscale model?
Campaign Financing and Ideology Post-Citizens United
Creators: name: Giusto, Emma
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Since the Citizens United Supreme Court decision changed campaign finance laws in the United States, scholars have sought to determine the impact of different types of campaign financing on the political system. This paper serves to add to this research by answering the questions: given the freedom of outside spending now allowed by Supreme Court decisions such as Citizens United, how does ideology affect the relative amount of outside spending congressional candidates receive from sources other than their party committees? In turn, how does this affect polarization in Congress? Through examining the relationship between ideological extremism and relative levels of non-traditional outside funding (i.e. excluding party committee spending) I found that, in certain cases, ideology may play a role in determining the amount of non-traditional outside spending candidates receive. My findings suggest that there is a negative relationship between the percentage of non-traditional outside funding and ideological extremism for incumbents in the House and that there is a positive relationship between non-traditional outside spending relative to traditional party spending only and ideological extremism for non-incumbents in the House. This indicates that ideologically extreme non-incumbents in the House rely more heavily on non-traditional outside spending relative to traditional party spending, which may have important implications for elections going forward.
It Takes Two: The Dyadic Effects of Communicating Gratitude
Creators: name: Puleo, Blair Kirsten
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Theory suggests that the emotion of gratitude distinctively fosters a high-quality
relationship by promoting positive connections between dyad members (Algoe et al.,
2008). The current research examines one aspect of this theory by assessing whether
positive emotions experienced from expressing gratitude are dependent on both the
quality of the expression and the quality of the response to that expression. During a
laboratory-based behavior task, members of romantic relationships expressed gratitude
toward one another. Subsequently, the expresser’s praising behavior and the target’s
behavioral response (specifically empathy, validation, and humility) were coded.
Multilevel modeling analyses revealed a significant interaction such that high-quality
praising behavior paired with high-quality humble responses were predictive of the
highest levels of positive emotions experienced by the expresser. These findings suggest
that, in close relationships, the beneficial effects of gratitude are dependent on a dyadic
process in which the actions and responses of both the grateful person and the original
benefactor must be considered.
Burnout and optimism among health workers during the period of COVID-19
Creators: name: Theofilou, Paraskevi
name: Platis, Charalampos
name: Madia, Konstantina
name: Kotsiopoulos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: Aim: The investigation of the level of burnout and optimism as well as the effect of socio-demographic and other factors on the above two variables among health workers during the period of covid-19. Methods: The following two psychometric tools were used to collect the research data: the Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess burnout and the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) to assess the level of optimism. Results: In the present study 10 men (24.4%) and 31 women (75.6%) participated. The majority of them were between 36-45 years (36.6%), married and unmarried (48.8% and 48.8% respectively), holding bachelor degree (61.0%) and with 11-25 years of work experience (53.7%). Very high levels of exhaustion and especially emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were observed with also a high degree of personal achievement. The levels of optimism were high. There were statistically significant differences between the two genders in terms of burnout (only the dimension of emotional exhaustion) with women showing higher rates. Employees aged 25-35 years and those who had 1-10 years of work seemed to have higher levels of emotional exhaustion (all differences were considered statistically significant for p<0.05). Finally, a statistically significant correlation took place between burnout and optimism (p<0.05). Conclusions: The level of burnout among health workers seems to be high during the period of covid-19. In addition, various socio-demographic and occupational factors appear to influence burnout. Conflicts of interest: None. Acknowledgements: None.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 1, 2022: The Population's Health: Could South Eastern Europe Do Better?
A Business Maturity Model of Software Product Line Engineering
Creators: name: Ahmed, Faheem
name: Capretz, Luiz Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the recent past, software product line engineering has become one of the most promising practices in software industry with the potential to substantially increase the software development productivity. Software product line engineering approach spans the dimensions of business, architecture, software engineering process and organization. The increasing popularity of software product line engineering in the software industry necessitates a process maturity evaluation methodology. Accordingly, this paper presents a business maturity model of software product line, which is a methodology to evaluate the current maturity of the business dimension of a software product line in an organization. This model examines the coordination between product line engineering and the business aspects of software product line. It evaluates the maturity of the business dimension of software product line as a function of how a set of business practices are aligned with product line engineering in an organization. Using the model presented in this paper, we conducted two case studies and reported the assessment results. This research contributes towards establishing a comprehensive and unified strategy for a process maturity evaluation of software product lines.
A review of worldviews beyond sustainability
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, Haley
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2023

description: Although there is increasing awareness of worldviews as leverage points for transformative change, deeper understanding of the nuances between worldviews and how they frame complex human-nature relationships is needed. This review paper aims to synthesize current literature on how sustainability can be conceptualized across diverse worldviews, as both a narrative and visual “map.” A quantitative database search was used to review peer-reviewed English-speaking scholarship. A qualitative content analysis was conducted to identify key knowledge themes and shared concepts. The results indicated overwhelming support for human-nature connectedness expressed uniquely across six identified knowledge themes. Shared concepts were found across each of these knowledge types and visualized through illustrative examples. This review paper synthesizes and connects transdisciplinary concepts through concrete examples, highlights gaps, and critically reflects upon the limitations around conducting a literature review on the vast and complex topic of worldviews and sustainability. The combination of these contributions could provide readers with an entry point in expanding their own worldviews, as a supportive process to the larger-scale systems change needed for sustainability transformations.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 19 (2023) - NEW Visions online
Resummation ambiguities in the Higgs transverse-momentum spectrum in the Standard Model and beyond
Creators: name: Bagnaschi, Emanuele
name: Harlander, Robert V.
name: Mantler, Hendrik
name: Vicini, Alessandro
name: Wiesemann, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prediction for the Higgs transverse momentum distribution in gluon fusion and focus on the problem of matching fixed- and all-order perturbative results. The main sources of matching ambiguities on this distribution are investigated by means of a twofold comparison. On the one hand, we present a detailed qualitative and quantitative comparison of two recently introduced algorithms for determining the matching scale. On the other hand, we apply the results of both methods to three widely used approaches for the resummation of logarithmically enhanced contributions at small transverse momenta: the MC@NLO and POWHEG Monte Carlo approaches, and analytic resummation. While the three sets of results are largely compatible in the low-pT region, they exhibit sizable differences at large pT. We show that these differences can be significantly reduced by suitable modifications of formally subleading terms in the Monte Carlo implementations. We apply our study to the Standard Model Higgs boson and to the neutral Higgs bosons of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model for representative scenarios of the parameter space, where the top- and bottom-quark diagrams enter the cross section at different strength.
description: 49 pages, 11 figures
Digital health competencies for primary healthcare professionals: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Jimenez, Geronimo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Primary Care
subject: Education
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: digital health competencies
subject: digital literacy
subject: primary healthcare

description: Digital technologies have already opened wide possibilities for shaping the future of primary healthcare, by allowing people to manage their health more effectively, improving the diagnosing of diseases, and monitoring the impact of policies, just to name a few examples. However, for primary healthcare systems to be able to take full advantage of these technologies, a capable, digitally literate workforce is necessary. What is not fully understood is which digital health competencies (DHC) are necessary for primary care (PC) providers and health workers to possess in order to implement and utilize digital health in PC. This knowledge hinges on a variety of factors including the type of technologies used in PC, the type of health worker, and how technologically advanced is the context and setting of the PC in question. This scoping review aims to provide a summarized overview of the context, healthcare worker, technologies and possibly evidence regarding digital health competencies in primary care to try to identify a set of generic primary care digital health technologies that every primary care provider should have.
Examining the School-to-Prison Pipeline: The Association Between School Suspension and Criminal Conviction in North Carolina
Creators: name: Clifford, Beth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This study is the first analysis of the association between school suspension and criminal conviction in the adult justice system that uses fully matched administrative datasets. Using a longitudinal dataset that matches student records within the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction and the North Carolina Department of Public Safety, this study looks at suspension trends in North Carolina and the association between receiving a suspension in ninth grade with being convicted of a felony or misdemeanor up to five years after ninth grade. Results of logistic regression models show that Black, Native American, and multiracial male students are disproportionately disciplined in North Carolina. Consistent with prior research, this study also found that economic status, English proficiency, academic performance, and school affluence also strongly affect a student’s likelihood of being suspended, although disability status does not. Analyses that looked at predictors of conviction concluded that experiencing in-school suspension increases the likelihood that the average student will be convicted of a misdemeanor or a felony by a factor of 1.8, and experiencing out of-school suspension increases the likelihood that the average student will be convicted of a misdemeanor or a felony by a factor of 3.1 and 3.6, respectively. Moderation analyses failed to find that student factors further increase or decrease this association. The results of this study call into question the effectiveness and value of school suspension, particularly out-of-school suspension. This study shows that the Early College High School Model effectively reduces the use of suspension in school, although further policy alternatives must be explored to reduce the association between being disciplined in school and being convicted of a crime.
An Architecture Process Maturity Model of Software Product Line Engineering
Creators: name: Ahmed, Faheem
name: Capretz, Luiz Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software architecture has been a key research area in the software engineering community due to its significant role in creating high quality software. The trend of developing product lines rather than single products has made the software product line a viable option in the industry. Software product line architecture is regarded as one of the crucial components in the product lines, since all of the resulting products share this common architecture. The increased popularity of software product lines demands a process maturity evaluation methodology. Consequently, this paper presents an architecture process maturity model for software product line engineering to evaluate the current maturity of the product line architecture development process in an organization. Assessment questionnaires and a rating methodology comprise the framework of this model. The objective of the questionnaires is to collect information about the software product line architecture development process. Thus, in general this work contributes towards the establishment of a comprehensive and unified strategy for the process maturity evaluation of software product line engineering. Furthermore, we conducted two case studies and reported the assessment results, which show the maturity of the architecture development process in two organizations
Circular health: a needed approach to promote health and prevent pandemics and other health hazards
Creators: name: Lirussi, Flavio
name: Ziglio, Erio
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: SARS-Cov-2 is a perfect example of the intimate relationship between human, animal and environmental health. Circular health goes beyond the biomedical concept of health, operating on the interface between individuals, microorganisms and ecosystems. The World Health Organization endorses this concept and stresses the importance of protecting the environment and addressing and reversing the negative impact of climate change. The application of circular health to the governance for population health is based on protection of all forms of life, interdisciplinarity, involvement of all of society, big data, artificial intelligence, and correct scientific information. It also considers a combination of health, environmental, social and economic problems caused by the synergistic interaction between the acute diseases - in this case caused by SARS-Cov-2, and a number of non-transmittable chronic pathologies. Disinformation and misuse of social media could be more dangerous for the pandemic's development than the virus itself. The adoption of circular health is an urgent necessity in restructuring development policies and making them more effective and sustainable, and protecting and promoting individual and collective health. Within public health, circular health should urgently become the mainstream approach to prevent pandemics and other health hazards. Given the many social, economic, and cultural changes undergoing in the countries of the South-Eastern European Network the conceptual and policy framework related to circular health could be of great value in further advancing progress in this part of Europe.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 1, 2022: The Population's Health: Could South Eastern Europe Do Better?
Young Remnants of Type Ia Supernovae and Their Progenitors: A Study of SNR G1.9+0.3
Creators: name: Chakraborti, Sayan
name: Childs, Francesca
name: Soderberg, Alicia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae, with their remarkably homogeneous light curves and spectra, have been used as standardizable candles to measure the accelerating expansion of the Universe. Yet, their progenitors remain elusive. Common explanations invoke a degenerate star (white dwarf) which explodes upon reaching close to the Chandrasekhar limit, by either steadily accreting mass from a companion star or violently merging with another degenerate star. We show that circumstellar interaction in young Galactic supernova remnants can be used to distinguish between these single and double degenerate progenitor scenarios. Here we propose a new diagnostic, the Surface Brightness Index, which can be computed from theory and compared with Chandra and VLA observations. We use this method to demonstrate that a double degenerate progenitor can explain the decades-long flux rise and size increase of the youngest known Galactic SNR G1.9+0.3. We disfavor a single degenerate scenario. We attribute the observed properties to the interaction between a steep ejecta profile and a constant density environment. We suggest using the upgraded VLA to detect circumstellar interaction in the remnants of historical Type Ia supernovae in the Local Group of galaxies. This may settle the long-standing debate over their progenitors.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Detecting Effects of Filaments on Galaxy Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III
Creators: name: Chen, Yen-Chi
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
name: Bahcall, Neta A.
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Freeman, Peter E.
name: Genovese, Christopher R.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Wasserman, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the effects of filaments on galaxy properties in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 12 using filaments from the `Cosmic Web Reconstruction' catalogue (Chen et al. 2016), a publicly available filament catalogue for SDSS. Since filaments are tracers of medium-to-high density regions, we expect that galaxy properties associated with the environment are dependent on the distance to the nearest filament. Our analysis demonstrates that a red galaxy or a high-mass galaxy tend to reside closer to filaments than a blue or low-mass galaxy. After adjusting the effect from stellar mass, on average, early-forming galaxies or large galaxies have a shorter distance to filaments than late-forming galaxies or small galaxies. For the Main galaxy sample (MGS), all signals are very significant ($>6σ$). For the LOWZ and CMASS sample, the stellar mass and size are significant ($>2 σ$). The filament effects we observe persist until $z = 0.7$ (the edge of the CMASS sample). Comparing our results to those using the galaxy distances from redMaPPer galaxy clusters as a reference, we find a similar result between filaments and clusters. Moreover, we find that the effect of clusters on the stellar mass of nearby galaxies depends on the galaxy's filamentary environment. Our findings illustrate the strong correlation of galaxy properties with proximity to density ridges, strongly supporting the claim that density ridges are good tracers of filaments.
description: To appear in MNRAS
An Exploratory Study of the Research on Instructional Practices  in Taiwanese, Finnish and American Secondary Science Classrooms
Creators: name: Buie, Ellen Munroe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In the past decade, students from the United States have continued to underperform on science assessments relative to their consistently high performing counterparts, including Taiwan and Finland. Theoretically, countries should be able to improve their own education systems by analyzing those of high performing countries. The present study specifically explores the research surrounding instructional practices in Taiwanese, Finnish, and American secondary science education; it aimed to discover what pedagogical strategies each country most regularly implemented and their effectiveness. The research studies included in this review of literature were peer-reviewed research articles published in reputable scholarly journals in the past two years. Although it was difficult to define what instructional practices each country most regularly implements, this study did determine that five specific instructional practices were found to be
most effective internationally, in terms of increased student conceptual knowledge or
performance. These practices were: engineering design, modeling, argumentation, technology integration, and efficacy-enhancing teaching. In addition, various trends throughout the literature emerged, including a necessity for teachers to make science content relevant and applicable and to mimic the way science is enacted in the field. The results from this study provide obvious meaningful implications for pre-service and current secondary science educators.
ML5: Replication of Albarracin et al., 2008, Study 7
Creators: name: Corker, Katherine
name: Arnal, Jack
name: Bonfiglio, Diane
name: Curran, Paul
name: Chartier, Christopher
name: Chopik, William
name: Guadagno, Rosanna
name: Kimbrough, Amanda
name: Schmidt, Kathleen
name: Wiggins, Bradford
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Many Labs
subject: ML5
subject: Replication
subject: RPP

description: This is a registration to confirm badges for AMPPS. Includes final manuscript, data, and materials.
Climate change and its extensions in infectious diseases: South-Eastern Europe under focus
Creators: name: Kayacan, Zeynep Cigdem
name: Akgul, Ozer
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2022

description: Climate change is a result of natural processes and human-made activities influencing the atmosphere. Many infectious diseases are climate-sensitive and their nature and epidemiology are changing in parallel with the change in climatic conditions and global warming. Increased replication rates of pathogens at higher temperatures, extended transmission seasons, migration of vectors or human populations are some outcomes of the changing climate, to trigger new concerns including new epidemics with old or new pathogens. Climate change is presenting itself today as an urgent global health threat and it requires immediate international action with high priority. Infectious diseases in relation to changing climatic conditions are reviewed with predominating current examples, keeping a focus on Europe with particular emphasis on South-Eastern European and Eurasian regions.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 1, 2022: The Population's Health: Could South Eastern Europe Do Better?
Supplementary material from A high-eigenfrequency differential stiffness probe for high-speed scanning probe microscopy
Creators: name: Dey, S.
name: Agrawal, S.
name: Kartik, V.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Human Biophysics
Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
Animal Physiology - Biophysics
Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified

description: Microcantilever probes used for high-speed scanning probe microscopy are typically required to satisfy two mutually contradicting objectives: high eigenfrequency (ωn) and low flexural rigidity (kb). The conventional design approach shortens the microcantilever’s length to increase the eigenfrequencies (as ωn ∝ 1/L2); however, this also increases the probe’s rigidity (as kb∝ 1/L3). This paper demonstrates—through experiments and physical modelling—the design of a novel high-eigenfrequency probe by redistributing the microcantilever’s mass along its length. A 100% increase in the probe’s eigenfrequency is achieved with this modified design, even while reducing its stiffness by 50%. Through experiments, this reduced stiffness has been found to enhance the probe’s force sensitivity. Also, the probe’s design facilitates redistributing the fluid pressure between its underside surface and the sample, thereby improving the quality factor by more than 100%. Significant reduction in ‘overshoot’ and ‘parachute’ is observed in contact mode scanning at the video rate. The improvements in the image resolution are proven for a variety of sample surfaces at very high scan rates up to 40 Hz (corresponding to a linear speed of 3.20 mm s−1) upon scanning over an area of 40× 40 μm and are successfully demonstrated to map topographies with negligible image artefacts.
Rotational modulation of the linear polarimetric variability of the cool dwarf TVLM 513$-$46546
Creators: name: Miles-Páez, P. A.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Pallé, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We aimed to monitor the optical linear polarimetric signal of the magnetized, rapidly rotating M8.5 dwarf TVLM 513$-$46546. Methods: $R$- and $I$-band linear polarimetry images were collected with the ALFOSC instrument of the 2.56-m Nordic Optical Telescope on two consecutive nights covering about 0.5 and 4 rotation cycles in the $R$ and $I$ filters, respectively. We also obtained simultaneous intensity curves by means of differential photometry. The typical precision of the data is $\pm$0.46\% ($R$), $\pm$0.35\% ($I$) in the linear polarization degree and $\pm$9 mmag ($R$), $\pm$1.6 mmag ($I$) in the differential intensity curves. Results: Strong and variable linear polarization is detected in the $R$ and $I$ filters, with values of maximum polarization ($p^{*}$ = 1.30$\pm$0.35 \%) similar for both bands. The intensity and the polarimetric curves present a sinusoid-like pattern with a periodicity of $\sim$1.98 h, which we ascribe to structures in TVLM 513$-$46's surface synchronized with rotation. We found that the peaks of the intensity and polarimetric curves occur with a phase difference of 0.18$\pm$0.01, and that the maximum of the linear polarization happens nearly half a period (0.59$\pm$0.03) after the radio pulse. We discussed different scenarios to account for the observed properties of the light curves.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics