cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stroboscopic Variation Measurement
Creators: name: Danilishin, S. L.
name: Khalili, F. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new procedure of the linear position measurement which allows to obtain sensitivity better than the Standard Quantum Limit and close to the Energetic Quantum Limit is proposed and analyzed in details. Proposed method is based on the principles of stroboscopic quantum measurement and variation quantum measurement and allows to avoid main disadvantages of both these procedures. This method can be considered as a good candidate for use as a local position meter in the ``intracavity'' topologies of the laser gravitational-wave antennae.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures drawn in TeX and 2 figures in postscript, misprint corrected
A somatic movement approach to fostering emotional resiliency through Laban movement analysis
Creators: name: Tsachor, Rachelle
name: T Shafir
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Although movement has long been recognized as expressing emotion and as an agent of change for emotional state, there was a dearth of scientific evidence specifying which aspects of movement influence specific emotions. The recent identification of clusters of Laban movement components which elicit and enhance the basic emotions of anger, fear, sadness and happiness indicates which types of movements can affect these emotions (Shafir et al., 2016), but not how best to apply this knowledge. This perspective paper lays out a conceptual groundwork for how to effectively use these new findings to support emotional resiliency through voluntary choice of one’s posture and movements. We suggest that three theoretical principles from Laban Movement Analysis (LMA) can guide the gradual change in movement components in one’s daily movements to somatically support shift in affective state: (A) Introduce new movement components in developmental order; (B) Use LMA affinities-among-components to guide the expansion of expressive movement range and (C) Sequence change among components based on Laban’s Space Harmony theory to support the gradual integration of that new range. The methods postulated in this article have potential to foster resiliency and provide resources for self-efficacy by expanding our capacity to adapt emotionally to challenges through modulating our movement responses.
Language Model Alignment in Multilingual Trolley Problems
Creators: name: Jin, Zhijing
name: Kleiman-Weiner, Max
name: Piatti, Giorgio
name: Levine, Sydney
name: Liu, Jiarui
name: Gonzalez, Fernando
name: Ortu, Francesco
name: Strausz, András
name: Sachan, Mrinmaya
name: Mihalcea, Rada
name: Choi, Yejin
name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We evaluate the moral alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human preferences in multilingual trolley problems. Building on the Moral Machine experiment, which captures over 40 million human judgments across 200+ countries, we develop a cross-lingual corpus of moral dilemma vignettes in over 100 languages called MultiTP. This dataset enables the assessment of LLMs' decision-making processes in diverse linguistic contexts. Our analysis explores the alignment of 19 different LLMs with human judgments, capturing preferences across six moral dimensions: species, gender, fitness, status, age, and the number of lives involved. By correlating these preferences with the demographic distribution of language speakers and examining the consistency of LLM responses to various prompt paraphrasings, our findings provide insights into cross-lingual and ethical biases of LLMs and their intersection. We discover significant variance in alignment across languages, challenging the assumption of uniform moral reasoning in AI systems and highlighting the importance of incorporating diverse perspectives in AI ethics. The results underscore the need for further research on the integration of multilingual dimensions in responsible AI research to ensure fair and equitable AI interactions worldwide. Our code and data are at https://github.com/causalNLP/moralmachine
description: arXiv
The Value of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Grapes: Evidence from California
Creators: name: Fuller, Kate B.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Sambucci, Olena
name: Fuller, Kate B.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Sambucci, Olena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Powdery mildew
subject: resistant varieties
subject: California grapes
subject: research benefits

description: Powdery mildew (PM) is a fungal disease that damages many crops, including grapes. In California, wine, raisin, and table grapes contributed over $3.8 billion to the value of California’s farm production in 2011 (California Department of Food and Agriculture, 2012). Grape varieties with resistance to powdery mildew are currently being developed, using either conventional or transgenic approaches, each of which has associated advantages and disadvantages. PM-resistant varieties of grapes could yield large economic benefits to California grape growers—potentially allowing cost savings as high as $70 million per year, but benefits range widely across the different grape production systems. The benefits might be even larger if environmental regulations over the use of pesticides were changed to limit some currently effective PM management protocols. On the other hand, grapes produced using non-vinifera or transgenic vines might suffer a price discount compared with conventional alternatives.
Effects of U.S. Public Agricultural R&D on U.S. Obesity and its Social Costs- Revised
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Parks, Joanna
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Parks, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: How much has food abundance, attributable to U.S. public agricultural R&D, contributed to the high and rising U.S. obesity rates? In this paper we investigate the effects of public investment in agricultural R&D on food prices, per capita calorie consumption, adult body weight, obesity, public health-care expenditures related to obesity, and social welfare. First we use an econometric model to estimate the average effect of an incremental investment in agricultural R&D on the farm prices of ten categories of farm commodities. Next, we use the econometric results in a simulation model to estimate the implied changes in prices and quantities consumed of nine categories of food for given changes in research expenditures. Finally, we estimate the corresponding changes in social welfare, including both the traditional measures of changes in economic surplus in markets for food and farm commodities, and changes in public health-care expenditures associated with the predicted changes in food consumption and hence obesity. We find that a 10 percent increase in the stream of annual U.S. public investment in agricultural R&D in the latter half of the 20th century would have caused a very modest increase in average daily calorie consumption of American adults, resulting in very small increases in social costs of obesity. On the other hand, such an increase in spending would have generated very substantial net national benefits given the very large benefit-cost ratios for agricultural R&D.
Arbitrarily long-lived quasinormal modes in a wormhole background
Creators: name: Churilova, M. S.
name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arbitrarily long lived modes, called quasi-resonances, are known to exist in the spectrum of massive fields for a number of black-hole backgrounds at some discrete values of mass of the field. Here we show that these modes also exist in the background of wormholes, unless a wormhole has a constant red-shift function, that is, tideless in the radial direction. The evidence of quasi-resonances is supported by calculations in the frequency and time domains, which are in a good concordance. At large masses of the field, time-domain profiles of the absolute value of the wave function have peculiar behavior: the long-lived modes dominate in the signal after a long period of power-law tails.
description: 7 pages, revtex, minor changes to match the version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Some methods for solution of quantum detection and measurement problems
Creators: name: Grishanin, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Representation of the quantum measurement with the help of non-orthogonal decomposition of unit is presented in the paper for the first time. Methods for solution of the quantum detection and measurement problems based on the suggested representation are proposed, as well.
description: 11 pages, no figures, RevTeX
Comparison of the deep atmospheric dynamics of Jupiter and Saturn in light of the Juno and Cassini gravity measurements
Creators: name: Kaspi, Yohai
name: Galanti, Eli
name: Showman, Adam P.
name: Stevenson, David J.
name: Guillot, Tristan
name: Iess, Luciano
name: Bolton, Scott J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature and structure of the observed east-west flows on Jupiter and Saturn has been one of the longest-lasting mysteries in planetary science. This mystery has been recently unraveled due to the accurate gravity measurements provided by the Juno mission to Jupiter and the Grand Finale of the Cassini mission to Saturn. These two experiments, which coincidentally happened around the same time, allowed determination of the vertical and meridional profiles of the zonal flows on both planets. This paper reviews the topic of zonal jets on the gas giants in light of the new data from these two experiments. The gravity measurements not only allow the depth of the jets to be constrained, yielding the inference that the jets extend roughly 3000 and 9000 km below the observed clouds on Jupiter and Saturn, respectively, but also provide insights into the mechanisms controlling these zonal flows. Specifically, for both planets this depth corresponds to the depth where electrical conductivity is within an order of magnitude of 1 S/m, implying that the magnetic field likely plays a key role in damping the zonal flows.
description: Submitted to Space Science Reviews. Part of ISSI special collection on Diversity of Atmospheres
title: 01_2759
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Mechanochemical control of solvent content in a 1D coordination polymer
Creators: name: Van Wyk, Lisa M.
name: Loots, Leigh
name: Barbour, Leonard J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study illustrates mechanochemical control over the formation of three coordination polymer solvates. Variation in the onset of grinding, aging after grinding and solvent water content leads to selective preparation of two solvates, which crystallize concomitantly when prepared solvothermally in DMF. A third solvate may be prepared with DMA. Finally, solvent exchange provides means of interconverting between the three solvates.
SMART: Self-learning Meta-strategy Agent for Reasoning Tasks
Creators: name: Liu, Rongxing
name: Shridhar, Kumar
name: Prajapat, Manish
name: Xia, Patrick
name: Sachan, Mrinmaya
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
Machine Learning (cs.LG)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tasks requiring deductive reasoning, especially those involving multiple steps, often demand adaptive strategies such as intermediate generation of rationales or programs, as no single approach is universally optimal. While Language Models (LMs) can enhance their outputs through iterative self-refinement and strategy adjustments, they frequently fail to apply the most effective strategy in their first attempt. This inefficiency raises the question: Can LMs learn to select the optimal strategy in the first attempt, without a need for refinement? To address this challenge, we introduce SMART (Self-learning Meta-strategy Agent for Reasoning Tasks), a novel framework that enables LMs to autonomously learn and select the most effective strategies for various reasoning tasks. We model the strategy selection process as a Markov Decision Process and leverage reinforcement learning-driven continuous self-improvement to allow the model to find the suitable strategy to solve a given task. Unlike traditional self-refinement methods that rely on multiple inference passes or external feedback, SMART allows an LM to internalize the outcomes of its own reasoning processes and adjust its strategy accordingly, aiming for correct solutions on the first attempt. Our experiments across various reasoning datasets and with different model architectures demonstrate that SMART significantly enhances the ability of models to choose optimal strategies without external guidance (+15 points on the GSM8K dataset). By achieving higher accuracy with a single inference pass, SMART not only improves performance but also reduces computational costs for refinement-based strategies, paving the way for more efficient and intelligent reasoning in LMs.
description: arXiv
Dynamics of rumor propagation on small-world networks
Creators: name: Zanette, Damian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of an epidemic-like model for the spread of a rumor on a small-world network. It has been shown that this model exhibits a transition between regimes of localization and propagation at a finite value of the network randomness. Here, by numerical means, we perform a quantitative characterization of the evolution in the two regimes. The variant of dynamic small worlds, where the quenched disorder of small-world networks is replaced by randomly changing connections between individuals, is also analyzed in detail and compared with a mean-field approximation.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRE
Social Advertising Using Facebook: Some Experimental Results Using Duck Dynasty Ads to Promote Rural Tourism in Mississippi
Creators: name: Barnes, James N.
name: Coatney, Kalyn
name: Barnes, James N.
name: Coatney, Kalyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Facebook economics
subject: rural tourism
subject: social advertising
subject: Mississippi Bricks to Clicks
subject: rural business

description: In this paper, we explain how the Mississippi Bricks to Clicks Extension Program assisted in the promotion of a rural tourism event using Facebook paid advertisements. We estimate a binomial regression model to explore the factors that affect business page likes. Implications for future research and Extension programming are discussed.
Postsynthetic polymer-ligand exchange hybridization in M-MOF-74 composites
Creators: name: Pastore, Vincent J.
name: Sullivan, Meghan G.
name: Rzayev, Javid
name: Cook, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: A series of new polymer-inorganic composites has been synthesized from poly(amic acid) (PAA) and various M-MOF-74 (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) frameworks using a postsynthetic ligand exchange strategy, wherein ligand moieties built into the PAA backbone are exchanged with MOF-bound ligands. The reaction is monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy in order to compare exchange rates for different metal ions, and the resulting composites are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. This method of polymer-ligand exchange (PLE) hybridization has only been previously demonstrated using Zn2+-carboxylate and Zn2+-imidazolate frameworks; therefore, this work further reveals the versatility of PLE by showing that exchange is possible for several additional metal ions, as well as frameworks containing 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate ligands.
Cognitive Biases in the Assimilation of Scientific Information on Global Warming and Genetically Modified Food
Creators: name: McFadden, Brandon R.
name: Lusk, Jayson
name: McFadden, Brandon R.
name: Lusk, Jayson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Bayesian updating
subject: beliefs
subject: climate change
subject: biotechnology

description: The ability of scientific knowledge to contribute to public debate about societal risks depends on how the public assimilates information resulting from the scientific community. Bayesian decision theory assumes that people update a belief by allocating weights to a prior belief and new information to form a posterior belief. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of prior beliefs on assimilation of scientific information and test several hypotheses about the manner in which people process scientific information on genetically modified food and global warming. Results indicated that assimilation of information is dependent on prior beliefs and that the failure to update beliefs in a Bayesian fashion is a result of several factors including: misinterpreting information, illusionary correlations, selectively scrutinizing information, information-processing problems, knowledge, political affiliation, and cognitive function.
Unitary Black hole radiation: Schwarzschild-global monopole background
Creators: name: Das, Arpit
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole radiation from an infinitesimally thin massive collapsing shell, possessing a global monopole charge, which in turn leads to a Schwarzschild black hole with a global monopole charge has been shown to be processed by a unitary evolution. The exterior metric of the collapsing shell is described by the global monopole (GM) metric. The analysis is performed using the Wheeler-deWitt formalism which gave rise to a Schrödinger-like wave equation. Existence of unitarity is confirmed from two independent lines of approach. Firstly, by showing that the trace of the square of the density matrix, of the outgoing radiation, from a quantized massless scalar field, is unity. Secondly, by proving that the conservation of probability holds for the wave function of the system.
description: 10 pages. No figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1902.03378
Neutrino Mass Matrix in the Minimal Supergravity Model: Bi-large Mixing with Trilinear R-parity Violation
Creators: name: Chun, Eung Jin
name: Jung, Dong-Won
name: Kang, Sin Kyu
name: Park, Jong Dae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the correlation between the neutrino oscillation and the production/decay of the lightest supersymmetric particle(LSP) in the context of the minimal supergravity model(mSUGRA) without R-parity. We show how the neutrino masses and mixing which are consistent with the recent neutrino data can be obtained in this model, and describe how to probe the model by observing the LSP decay at collider experiments. It is shown that the generic 1-loop contributions to neutrino masses are too small to account for the solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations and thus some fine cancellation in tree-level contribution is required to severely constrain the viable parameter space. In most parameter space of mSUGRA, the neutralino or the stau is LSP. Examining both cases, we find that there is a simple correlation between the neutrino mixing angles and the LSP branching ratios in the small $\tanβ$ region so that the model can be clearly tested in the future colliders. In the large $\tanβ$ region, such a correlation is obscured by the large tau Yukawa contribution which makes it nontrivial to test the model.
description: Talk presented by D.W.Jung at 2nd International Conference on Flavor Physics (ICFP 2003) Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, Korea, Oct.6-11, 2003. To appear in the proceedings
TRADE AND PRICE IMPACTS OF THAILAND PADDY PLEDGING PROGRAM ON THE GLOBAL RICE MARKET
Creators: name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Durand-Morat, Alvaro
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Durand-Morat, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Production Economics

description: Thailand’s Paddy Pledging Program has created an excessive domestic rice stockpile, causing budgetary and operational controversies in the country and uncertainties in the global rice market. This study looks at the deterministic and stochastic impacts on global rice trade, price, and net welfare of potential release of Thailand’s excess rice stocks into the international market. Results show that the potential rice trade supply shock results in global rice price declines and global rice consumption increases. While rice producers are worse off and rice consumers are better off, the overall net welfare changes are relatively moderate. The stochastic analysis generates confidence intervals of outcomes for the scenarios analyzed, providing a better understanding of the response dynamics of the global rice market.
Inverted metal–organic frameworks: isoreticular decoration with organic anions using principles of supramolecular chemistry
Creators: name: Mertzenich, Claude L.
name: Papaefstathiou, Giannis S.
name: Friščić, Tomislav
name: Hamilton, Tamara D.
name: Dejan-Krešimir Bučar
name: Swenson, Dale C.
name: MacGillivray, Leonard R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A structural study of two-dimensional inverted metal–organic frameworks demonstrates that the interior cavities of the framework structures can be systematically modified by changing the organic anion of a Cu(II)-paddlewheel unit. Changing the anion allows modifications to the shapes and sizes of the cavities in a series of isoreticular frameworks. The construction of the frameworks is based on the application of a tetrafunctional organic cyclobutane ligand synthesized in the organic solid state.
Estimating the Benefits of Water Quality Improvements Using Meta-Analysis and Benefits Transfer
Creators: name: Alvarez, Sergio
name: Asci, Serhat
name: Alvarez, Sergio
name: Asci, Serhat
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water Quality
subject: Benefit Transfer
subject: Meta-Analysis
subject: Best Management Practices

description: In this paper we conduct a meta-analysis of the non-market valuation literature dealing with water quality improvements in the United States. We use this meta-analysis to estimate benefits transfer functions, which will allow us to estimate the water quality improvements in the state of Florida as a result of adoption and implementation of agricultural BMPs.
Transmission Expansion Planning Via Multi Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Varbella, Anna
name: Gjorgiev, Blazhe
name: Zio, Enrico
name: Sansavini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Transmission Expansion Planning
power grid
reinforcement learning
Graph Generation
security

description: Advances in Reliability, Safety and Security: ESREL 2024 Collection of Extended Abstracts. Part 1
description: ISBN:978-83-68136-23-4
description: ISBN:978-83-68136-10-4
Biomass-derived rctt-3,4-di-2-furanyl-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid: a polytopic ligand for synthesizing green metal-organic materials
Creators: name: Shahni, Rahul K.
name: Amjaour, Houssein
name: Krupinsky, Briana
name: Reagen, Sarah
name: Zijun D. Wang
name: Wu, Xu
name: Nkemngong, Dominic
name: Zhao, Julia X.
name: Ugrinov, Angel
name: Robertson, Joseph
name: Qianli Rick Chu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Biomass is an abundant and environmentally friendly source for materials that can be used in a multitude of applications in the effort to replace petrochemicals. Furfural and malonic acid are biomass-sourced platforms that can be utilized in the synthesis of biobased compounds; rctt-3,4-di-2-furanyl-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (CBDA-2) is one such compound. In this study, CBDA-2 has been introduced into metal-organic materials chemistry as a semi-rigid polytopic ligand. This compound has been utilized as a polytopic ligand in the formation of two different 2D coordination polymers with Cu2+ and Co2+ as the metal centers via a conventional solution method. Both complexes have been characterized by X-ray crystal structure determination and showed visual thermochromic behaviors. This study demonstrates that CBDA-2 is a promising green building block in coordination chemistry.
Detailed imaging of coronal rays with the Parker Solar Probe
Creators: name: Poirier, Nicolas
name: Kouloumvakos, Athanasios
name: Rouillard, Alexis P.
name: Pinto, Rui F.
name: Vourlidas, Angelos
name: Stenborg, Guillermo
name: Valette, Emeline
name: Howard, Russell A.
name: Hess, Phillip
name: Thernisien, Arnaud
name: Rich, Nathan
name: Griton, Lea
name: Indurain, Mikel
name: Raouafi, Nour-Edine
name: Lavarra, Michael
name: Réville, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wide-field Imager for Solar PRobe (WISPR) obtained the first high-resolution images of coronal rays at heights below 15 R$_\odot$ when the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was located inside 0.25 au during the first encounter. We exploit these remarkable images to reveal the structure of coronal rays at scales that are not easily discernible in images taken from near 1 au. To analyze and interpret WISPR observations, which evolve rapidly both radially and longitudinally, we construct a latitude versus time map using the full WISPR dataset from the first encounter. From the exploitation of this map and also from sequential WISPR images, we show the presence of multiple substructures inside streamers and pseudostreamers. WISPR unveils the fine-scale structure of the densest part of streamer rays that we identify as the solar origin of the heliospheric plasma sheet typically measured in situ in the solar wind. We exploit 3D magnetohydrodynamic models, and we construct synthetic white-light images to study the origin of the coronal structures observed by WISPR. Overall, including the effect of the spacecraft relative motion toward the individual coronal structures, we can interpret several observed features by WISPR. Moreover, we relate some coronal rays to folds in the heliospheric current sheet that are unresolved from 1 au. Other rays appear to form as a result of the inherently inhomogeneous distribution of open magnetic flux tubes.
description: for associated mpeg file see https://nuage.irap.omp.eu/index.php/s/x2tHzaBM9fyL1bt, 21 pages, 16 figures, published in ApJS: "Early Results from Parker Solar Probe: Ushering a New Frontier in Space Exploration"
What variables have historically impacted Kentucky and Iowa farmland values?
Creators: name: Barnhart, John
name: Barnhart, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Hedging Farmland Value

description: Abstract This study evaluates how farmland values and farmland cash rents are affected by cash corn prices, soybean prices, corn yields, soybean yields, the interest rate on a 10 year United States Treasury bond, and the United States Dollar foreign exchange value. Results are significant for these variables. Most importantly, how can farmers reduce portfolio risk?
Instantons and Wormholes In Minkowski and (A)dS Spaces
Creators: name: Gutperle, Michael
name: Sabra, Wafic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instanton and wormhole solutions are constructed in a d-dimensional gravity theory with an axion-dilaton pair of scalar fields. We discuss the cases of vanishing, positive and negative cosmological constant.
description: Latex, 15 pages, v2: formula for action corrected, v3: minor changes, version to appear in NPB
Risks in Potato Production: Fertilizer, Water, and Producers’ Decision Making
Creators: name: Asci, Serhat
name: Borisova, Tatiana
name: VanSickle, John J.
name: Asci, Serhat
name: Borisova, Tatiana
name: VanSickle, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Nitrogen fertilizer use decision
subject: water quality
subject: stochastic plateau production functions
subject: risk analysis.

description: This study focuses on the challenge of developing fertilizer best management practices (BMPs) for agricultural producers that would both optimize the crop production and minimize water quality impacts from agricultural operations. The overall objective is to develop recommendations to improve BMP development process by allowing for a more comprehensive consideration of production and marketing risks affecting farmers’ production choices. Specifically, we use linear stochastic plateau production function to evaluate risks associated with the alternative levels of fertilizer application and prices for Florida potato production. Such analysis helps us to determine under what conditions alternative fertilizer BMP recommendations can be too restrictive, and how likely these conditions to occur. The results of the study are summarized in the form of recommendations for BMP development process in Florida and other states that use BMP as the primary tool to address nutrient water quality issues in agricultural areas.
Ultraluminous X-ray Sources as Intermediate Mass Black Holes Fed by Tidally Captured Stars
Creators: name: Hopman, Clovis
name: Zwart, Simon F. Portegies
name: Alexander, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) is presently unknown. A possible explanation is that they are accreting intermediate mass black holes (IBHs) that are fed by Roche lobe overflow from a tidally captured stellar companion. We show that a star can circularize around an IBH without being destroyed by tidal heating (in contrast to the case of M_bh> 10^6 M_sun massive black holes in galactic centers, where survival is unlikely). We find that the capture and circularization rate is of the order of 5 \times 10^-8 yr^-1, almost independently of the cluster's relaxation time. We follow the luminosity evolution of the binary system during the main sequence Roche lobe overflow phase and show it can maintain ULX-like luminosities for >10 Myr. In particular, we show that the ULX in the young cluster MGG-11 in star-burst galaxy M82, which possibly harbors an IBH, is well explained by this mechanism, and we predict that \gtrsim 10% of similar clusters with IBHs have a tidally captured circularized star. The cluster can evaporate on a time-scale shorter than the lifetime of the binary. This raises the possibility of a ULX that outlives its host cluster, or even lights up only after the cluster has evaporated, in agreement with observations of host-less ULXs.
description: Accepted version (ApJL), new figure, typos corrected
Ultra-thin van der Waals crystals as semiconductor quantum wells
Creators: name: Zultak, Johanna
name: Magorrian, Samuel
name: Koperski, Maciej
name: Garner, Alistair
name: Hamer, Matthew J
name: Tovari, Endre
name: Novoselov, Kostya S
name: Zhukov, Alexander
name: Zou, Yichao
name: Wilson, Neil R.
name: Haigh, Sarah J
name: Kretinin, Andrey
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Gorbachev, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control over the electronic spectrum at low energy is at the heart of the functioning of modern advanced electronics: high electron mobility transistors, semiconductor and Capasso terahertz lasers, and many others. Most of those devices rely on the meticulous engineering of the size quantization of electrons in quantum wells. This avenue, however, hasn't been explored in the case of 2D materials. Here we transfer this concept onto the van der Waals heterostructures which utilize few-layers films of InSe as quantum wells. The precise control over the energy of the subbands and their uniformity guarantees extremely high quality of the electronic transport in such systems. Using novel tunnelling and light emitting devices, for the first time we reveal the full subbands structure by studying resonance features in the tunnelling current, photoabsorption and light emission. In the future, these systems will allow development of elementary blocks for atomically thin infrared and THz light sources based on intersubband optical transitions in few-layer films of van der Waals materials.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Solution processible Co(III) quinoline-thiosemicarbazone complexes: synthesis, structure extension, and Langmuir-Blodgett deposition studies
Creators: name: Laverick, Robert J.
name: Ningjin Zhang
name: Reid, Eleanor
name: Jaehwan Kim
name: Kilpin, Kelly J.
name: Kitchen, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Seven readily synthesized 8-quinoline-4-R-3-thiosemicarbazone ligands [where R = phenyl (L1H), 4-fluorophenyl (L2H), 4-iodophenyl (L3H), 4-nitrophenyl (L4H), 4-carboxyphenyl (L5H), 3-picolyl (L6H), and octadecyl (L7H)], and their corresponding Co(III) coordination complexes, [Co(L)2]BF4, have been synthesized and characterized. Crystallographic analysis of the complexes revealed that the substituents significantly alter solid-state supramolecular network topologies. The solution processability of these complexes was confirmed by incorporating a long carbon alkyl-chain into the ligand (L7H) and immobilizing the complex onto quartz slides using Langmuir-Blodgett deposition. The facile and modular synthesis of these thiosemicarbazone-based ligands coupled with the potential to exploit multiple applications makes these compounds excellent candidates for functional supramolecular materials.
Variations in the slope of the resolved star-forming main sequence: a tool for constraining the mass of star-forming regions
Creators: name: Hani, Maan H.
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Orr, Matthew E.
name: Ellison, Sara L.
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Murray, Norm
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation between galaxies' integrated stellar masses and star formation rates (the `star formation main sequence'; SFMS) is a well-established scaling relation. Recently, surveys have found a relationship between the star formation rate and stellar mass surface densities on kpc and sub-kpc scales (the `resolved SFMS'; rSFMS). In this work, we demonstrate that the rSFMS emerges naturally in FIRE-2 zoom-in simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies. We make SFR and stellar mass maps of the simulated galaxies at a variety of spatial resolutions and star formation averaging time-scales and fit the rSFMS using multiple methods from the literature. While the absolute value of the SFMS slope depends on the fitting method, the slope is steeper for longer star formation time-scales and lower spatial resolutions regardless of the fitting method employed. We present a toy model that quantitatively captures the dependence of the simulated galaxies' rSFMS slope on spatial resolution and use it to illustrate how this dependence can be used to constrain the characteristic mass of star-forming clumps.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Quantum Black Holes as Holograms in AdS Braneworlds
Creators: name: Emparan, Roberto
name: Fabbri, Alessandro
name: Kaloper, Nemanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new approach for using the AdS/CFT correspondence to study quantum black hole physics. The black holes on a brane in an AdS$_{D+1}$ braneworld that solve the classical bulk equations are interpreted as duals of {\it quantum-corrected} $D$-dimensional black holes, rather than classical ones, of a conformal field theory coupled to gravity. We check this explicitly in D=3 and D=4. In D=3 we reinterpret the existing exact solutions on a flat membrane as states of the dual 2+1 CFT. We show that states with a sufficiently large mass really are 2+1 black holes where the quantum corrections dress the classical conical singularity with a horizon and censor it from the outside. On a negatively curved membrane, we reinterpret the classical bulk solutions as quantum-corrected BTZ black holes. In D=4 we argue that the bulk solution for the brane black hole should include a radiation component in order to describe a quantum-corrected black hole in the 3+1 dual. Hawking radiation of the conformal field is then dual to classical gravitational bremsstrahlung in the AdS$_5$ bulk.
description: 28 pages, JHEP latex, 1 .eps figure, v2: references and comments added, v3: comments and acknowledgements added to match the published paper
Observations on MIMOSIS-0, the first dedicated CPS prototype for the CBM MVD
Creators: name: Deveaux, M.
name: Arnoldi-Meadows, B.
name: Bertolone, G.
name: Claus, G.
name: Dorokhov, A.
name: Goffe, M.
name: Himmi, A.
name: Jaaskelainen, K.
name: Klaus, P.
name: Koziel, M.
name: Marx, F.
name: Morel, F.
name: Müntz, C.
name: Pham, H.
name: Specht, M.
name: Valin, I.
name: Stroth, J.
name: Winter, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) of the future Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will have to provide a spatial precision of $\sim 5~\rm μm$ in combination with a material budget of 0.3\% - 0.5\% X$_0$ for a full detector station. Simultaneously, it will have to handle the rate and radiation load of operating the fixed target experiment at an average collision rate of 100 kHz (4 - 10 AGeV Au+Au collisions) or 10 MHz (up to 28 GeV p-A collisions). The harsh requirements call for a dedicated detector technology, which is the next generation CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor MIMOSIS. We report about the requirements for the sensor, introduce the design approach being followed to cope with it and show first test results from a first sensor prototype called MIMOSIS-0 .
description: Proceedings of the VCI2019 - The 15th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation, 4 pages, 7 figures
Performance evaluation of a flatbed maize dryer with a biomass heat source
Creators: name: JO Akowuah
name: HA Boateng
name: G Obeng Akrofi
name: DE Maier
name: JO Akowuah
name: HA Boateng
name: G Obeng Akrofi
name: DE Maier
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Flatbed biomass dryer
subject: Drying rate
subject: Drying efficiency
subject: Stress crack index
subject: Germination

description: The technical performance of a 3-tonne capacity flatbed grain dryer was assessed based on its drying rate and drying efficiency. In addition, the quality of maize grains dried in the drying system was investigated through stress-crack analysis and germination test. Maize grains at an initial moisture content of 18.4% ± 0.1% (wb) were dried to a safe moisture content of 13.3% ± 0.2% (wb) in 5 hours, resulting in a drying rate of 1.02%/h at a drying efficiency of 67.35%. The average temperature observed in the plenum (55.8°C±1.5°C) was about twice higher than the ambient temperature during the drying period. The use of the flatbed dryer did not have any adverse effect on the viability of grains dried with a stress-crack index of 75 and percentage germination of 90%. This study demonstrated the viability of using the flatbed biomass-assisted dryer for drying maize and can reduce post-harvest losses of maize at the smallholder level.
Emergence of Hierarchy on a Network of Complementary Agents
Creators: name: Copelli, M.
name: Santos, R. M. Zorzenon dos
name: Martins, J. S. Sa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Complementarity is one of the main features underlying the interactions in biological and biochemical systems. Inspired by those systems we propose a model for the dynamical evolution of a system composed by agents that interact due to their complementary attributes rather than their similarities. Each agent is represented by a bit-string and has an activity associated to it; the coupling among complementary peers depends on their activity. The connectivity of the system changes in time respecting the constraint of complementarity. We observe the formation of a network of active agents whose stability depends on the rate at which activity diffuses in the system. The model exhibits a non-equilibrium phase transition between the ordered phase, where a stable network is generated, and a disordered phase characterized by the absence of correlation among the agents. The ordered phase exhibits multi-modal distributions of connectivity and activity, indicating a hierarchy of interaction among different populations characterized by different degrees of activity. This model may be used to study the hierarchy observed in social organizations as well as in business and other networks.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, submitted
Chemical abundances of field halo stars -- Implications for the building blocks of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Ishigaki, Miho N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I would like to review recent efforts of detailed chemical abundance measurements for field Milky Way halo stars. Thanks to the advent of wide-field spectroscopic surveys up to a several kpc from the Sun, large samples of field halo stars with detailed chemical measurements are continuously expanding. Combination of the chemical information and full six dimensional phase-space information is now recognized as a powerful tool to identify cosmological accretion events that have built a sizable fraction of the present-day stellar halo. Future observational prospects with wide-field spectroscopic surveys and theoretical prospects with supernova nucleosynthetic yields are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, To appear in the Proceedings of the 351 IAU Symposium "Star Clusters: From the Milky Way to the Early Universe"