cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Organizations: Origins, Strategies, Impacts, and Implications
Creators: name: Haigh, Nardia
name: Walker, John
name: Bacq, Sophie
name: Kickul, Jill
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Entrepreneurship
Business
Management

description: This introduction to the special issue on hybrid organizations defines hybrids, places them in their historical context, and introduces the articles that examine the strategies hybrids undertake to scale and grow, the impacts for which they strive, and the reception to them by mainstream firms. It aggregates insights from the articles in this special issue in order to examine what hybrid organizations mean for firms and practicing managers as they continue to grow in number and assume a variety of missions in developing and developed countries.
Uniform Electron Gases. II. The Generalized Local Density Approximation in One Dimension
Creators: name: Loos, Pierre-François
name: Ball, Caleb J.
name: Gill, Peter M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a generalization (gLDA) of the traditional Local Density Approximation (LDA) within density functional theory. The gLDA uses both the one-electron Seitz radius $\rs$ and a two-electron hole curvature parameter $η$ at each point in space. The gLDA reduces to the LDA when applied to the infinite homogeneous electron gas but, unlike the LDA, is is also exact for finite uniform electron gases on spheres. We present an explicit gLDA functional for the correlation energy of electrons that are confined to a one-dimensional space and compare its accuracy with LDA, second- and third-order Møller-Plesset perturbation energies and exact calculations for a variety of inhomogeneous systems.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Chemical Physics
Trace metal dynamics in the sediments of a constructed and natural urban tidal marsh: The role of iron, sulfide, and organic complexation
Creators: name: ElBishlawi, Hagar
name: Shin, Jin Young
name: Jaffe, Peter R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Trace elements in water
Soil science
Environmental sciences
Chemistry

description: Two tidal marshes in the New Jersey Meadowlands, one constructed and one natural were characterized to compare their ability to immobilize trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn). Surface and pore waters were sampled four times a year between 2008 and 2010 and sediment cores were collected yearly in the constructed marsh and once in 2010 in the natural marsh. Interactions of trace metals with redox active species such as iron and sulfide as well as with organic matter were investigated. Precipitation with sulfides played a major role in immobilizing certain trace metals, including Cr, Mn, and Pb. At both sites, the presence of sulfide did not preclude the presence of dissolved trace metals in pore-water at concentrations exceeding their metal sulfide solubility product. Thermodynamic equilibrium modeling indicated these dissolved metals remained in solution due to an association with heterogeneous dissolved organic carbon. No net trace metal accumulation in the surficial sediments of the constructed marsh was noted between 2007 and 2010. This implied that a dynamic equilibrium of trace metal flux into and out of the sediments was established, rather than a long-term net accumulation of trace metals. In the constructed marsh, little difference was found between the immobilization potential in the area of intermittent flooding (high marsh) and the area of sustained flooding (low marsh). The newly constructed wetland immobilized significantly more Cr, Mn, and Zn than the natural marsh and similar concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb. This may be due to increased redox buffering through a larger FeS buffering pool against tidally induced oxygen delivery.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1931-08)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Radiation reaction force induced nonlinear mixing of Raman sidebands of an ultra-intense laser pulse in a plasma
Creators: name: Kumar, Naveen
name: Hatsagortsyan, Karen Z.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stimulated Raman scattering of an ultra-intense laser pulse in plasmas is studied by perturbatively including the leading order term of the Landau-Lifshitz radiation reaction force in the equation of motion for plasma electrons. In this approximation, radiation reaction force causes phase shift in nonlinear current densities that drive the two Raman sidebands (anti-Stokes and Stokes waves), manifesting itself into the nonlinear mixing of two sidebands. This mixing results in a strong enhancement in the growth of the forward Raman scattering instability.
Magnetic braking with MESA evolutionary models in the single star and LMXB regimes
Creators: name: Gossage, Seth
name: Kalogera, Vicky
name: Sun, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic braking has a prominent role in driving the evolution of close low mass binary systems and heavily influences the rotation rates of low mass F- and later type stars with convective envelopes. Several possible prescriptions that describe magnetic braking in the context of 1D stellar evolution models currently exist. We test four magnetic braking prescriptions against both low mass X-ray binary orbital periods from the Milky Way and single star rotation periods observed in open clusters. We find that data favors a magnetic braking prescription that follows a rapid transition from fast to slow rotation rates, exhibits saturated (inefficient) magnetic braking below a critical Rossby number, and that is sufficiently strong to reproduce ultra compact X-ray binary systems. Of the four prescriptions tested, these conditions are satisfied by a braking prescription that incorporates the effect of high order magnetic field topology on angular momentum loss. None of the braking prescriptions tested are able to replicate the stalled spin down observed in open cluster stars aged 700 - 1000 Myr or so, with masses $\lesssim$ 0.8 $\rm M_{\odot}$.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Heterogeneity in Japanese TFP, Part 1: Why Overcoming Deflation Alone is Not Enough
Creators: name: Fink, Naomi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Industrial productivity
Deflation (Finance)
Finance
Economics

description: The first in a two-part series on Japanese total factor productivity, this paper presents an analytical argument for a non-monetary structural reform policy pillar based on the assumption that overcoming deflation, while arguably a necessary precursor to reform, is not in its own right a solution to Japan’s structural ailments. Our analytical evidence takes the form of comparative calibrated simulations of aggregate Japanese growth accounting using the neoclassical growth model, first with and secondly without accounting for Investment Specific Technology (IST). We find that the IST-adjusted model better explains Japanese growth accounting during the “lost decades” than the base-case model. The implications of this outcome are as follows: IST represents a type of relative deflation – the decline in capital goods prices in terms of consumption units. Structurally, this contributes positively to total factor productivity. We supplement this with counterfactual analysis: were deflation the primary causal trigger for Japan’s structural decline, sector decomposition of growth accounting should show leading price declines in the worst performing sectors in terms of TFP. This is not the case. When we decompose Japanese growth accounting by sector, we find that the sectors responsible for the slowest TFP growth and those furthest from the “balanced growth path” characterized by theory neither showed the first, deepest, nor most consistent negative growth in deflators. Rather, the most deflationary sectors were out-performers in terms of TFP and those that demonstrated characteristics of a “balanced growth path,” tending to belong to manufacturing (rather than nonmanufacturing) and IT (rather than non-IT) industries.
Exclusive central diffractive production of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons; tensorial vs. vectorial pomeron
Creators: name: Lebiedowicz, Piotr
name: Nachtmann, Otto
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss consequences of the models of "tensorial pomeron" and "vectorial pomeron" for exclusive diffractive production of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons in proton-proton collisions. Diffractive production of $f_{0}(980)$, $f_{0}(1370)$, $f_{0}(1500)$, $η$, and $η'(958)$ mesons is discussed. Different pomeron-pomeron-meson tensorial coupling structures are possible in general. In most cases two lowest orbital angular momentum - spin couplings are necessary to describe experimental differential distributions. For $f_{0}(980)$ and $η$ production reggeon-pomeron, pomeron-reggeon, and reggeon-reggeon exchanges are included in addition, which seems to be necessary at relatively low energies. The theoretical results are compared with the WA102 experimental data. Correlations in azimuthal angle between outgoing protons, distributions in rapidities and transverse momenta of outgoing protons and mesons, in a special "glueball filter variable", as well as some two-dimensional distributions are presented. We discuss differences between results of the vectorial and tensorial pomeron models. We show that high-energy central production, in particular of pseudoscalar mesons, could provide crucial information on the spin structure of the soft pomeron.
description: 45 pages, 22 figures, 8 tables
Anisotropy of a Tensorial Bishop’s Coefficient for Wetted Granular Materials
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Sun, WaiChing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials science
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Physics

description: The objective of this research is to use grain-scale numerical simulations to analyze the evolution of stress anisotropy exhibited in wetted granular matter. Multiphysical particulate simulations of unsaturated granular materials were conducted to analyze how the interactions of contact force chains and liquid bridges affect macroscopic responses under various suction pressure and loading histories. To study how the formation and rupture of liquid bridges affect the mechanical responses of wetted granular materials, a series of suction-controlled triaxial tests were conducted with two grain assemblies, one composed of large particles of similar sizes, the other composed of a mixture of large particles with significant amount of fines. The results indicate that capillary stresses are anisotropic in both sets of specimens, and that stress anisotropy is more significant in granular assemblies filled with fine particles. A generalized tensorial Bishop’s coefficient is introduced to analyze the connections between microstructural attributes and macroscopic responses. Numerical simulations presented in this paper indicate that the principal values and directions of this Bishop’s coefficient tensor are path dependent.
Definition of a moist-air entropy potential temperature. Application to FIRE-I data flights
Creators: name: Marquet, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A moist entropy potential temperature -- denoted by $θ_{s}$ -- is defined analytically in terms of the specific entropy for moist air. The expression for $θ_{s}$ is valid for a general mixing of dry air, water vapour and possible condensed water species. It verifies the same conservative properties as the moist entropy, even for varying dry air or total water content. The moist formulation for $θ_{s}$ is equal to the dry formulation $θ$ if dry air is considered and it verifies new properties valid for the moist air cases, both saturated or under-saturated ones. Exact and approximate versions of $θ_{s}$ are evaluated for several Stratocumulus cases, in particular by using the aircraft observations FIRE-I experiment data sets. It appears that there is no (or small) jump in $θ_{s}$ at the top of the PBL. The mixing in moist entropy is almost complete in the PBL, with the same values observed in the clear air and the cloudy regions, including the very top of the entrainment region. The Randall-Deardorff CTEI analysis may be interpreted as a mixing in moist entropy criterion. The iso-$θ_{s}$ lines are plotted on skew $T$-$\ln(p)$ and conserved variable diagrams. All these properties could suggest some hints on the use of moist entropy (or $θ_{s}$) in cloud modelling or in mixing processes, with the marine Stratocumulus considered as a paradigm of moist turbulence.
description: 43 pages / 17 Figures. Published in the Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. Volume 137, Issue 656, pages 768-791, April 2011 Part A. V1 to V4: three footnotes (p.9-19-31); arXiv references to next related papers (2012 / 2014); ... ; Paper on (Third-Law) moist-air enthalpy accepted in January 2014; correct typos, boxed equations in sections 4 and 8
Was the Forex Fixing Fixed?
Creators: name: Ito, Takatoshi
name: Yamada, Masahiro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: “Fixing” of the exchange rate (price) is a rule among the Forex market participating institutions to set a reference/settlement price for the day. Major fixings occur at 9:55 am Tokyo time for transactions between Japanese banks and their customers, and at 4:00 pm London time for transactions between European and US banks and their customers. The two fixings have different regulations and institutions. The London fix is calculated as an average price during the one minute window around 4:00 pm. We empirically examine the movement of prices around the time of fixing. Regulators in the UK and the US have accused banks of colluding by manipulating the price around the London fixing time. It has been mentioned in the media that there was evidence of “chats” among traders of different institutions in order to carry out this collusion. But, is there evidence of price manipulation? We found little evidence of volatile movement (or spikes) in prices around the fixing time. In fact, liquidity provision at the fixing time is larger than other times, which makes the price impact of any trade smaller. At the Tokyo fixing, however, financial institutions can fix the price by themselves based on the market price. Although the market provides deep liquidity at the Tokyo fixing as well, such financial institutions had announced prices to be more favorable for banks up until 2008. Such deviation of the fixing price from the market price might be related to the settlement needs of importers, as well as banks wanting to reduce the risk of being caught with a dollar shortage later in the day.
Positivity bounds at one-loop level: the Higgs sector
Creators: name: Li, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we promote the convex cone method of positive bounds from tree level to loop level. This method is general and can be applied to obtain leading $s^2$ positivity bounds on the forward scattering process in the standard model effective field theory. To obtain the loop level bounds, the original tree level bounds are modified by loop corrections, which involve low dimensional coefficients. New positivity bounds being valid at one loop level on the four-Higgs scattering have been provided. We study some specific ultraviolet models to check the validity of the new bounds. In addition, the renormalisation group effect on positivity is explored. We point out that as long as the new bounds are satisfied at the cutoff scale $Λ$, they will also be satisfied at all scales.
description: 23 papers, 3 figures
Analyzing the Longitudinal K-12 Grading Histories of Entire Cohorts of Students: Grades, Data Driven Decision Making, Dropping Out and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
Creators: name: Bowers, Alex J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Educational leadership
Education, Elementary
Education, Secondary
Educational tests and measurements

description: School personnel currently lack an effective method to pattern and visually interpret disaggregated achievement data collected on students as a means to help inform decision making. This study, through the examination of longitudinal K-12 teacher assigned grading histories for entire cohorts of students from a school district (n=188), demonstrates a novel application of hierarchical cluster analysis and pattern visualization in which all data points collected on every student in a cohort can be patterned, visualized and interpreted to aid in data driven decision making by teachers and administrators. Additionally, as a proof-of-concept study, overall schooling outcomes, such as student dropout or taking a college entrance exam, are identified from the data patterns and compared to past methods of dropout identification as one example of the usefulness of the method. Hierarchical cluster analysis correctly identified over 80% of the students who dropped out using the entire student grade history patterns from either K-12 or K-8.
Vergleich der Therapieergebnisse zwischen konventionell fraktionierter und hypofraktionierter neoadjuvanter Radio(chemo)therapie bei Patienten mit einem Rektumkarzinom an der Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie Rostock zwischen 2004 und 2011
Creators: name: Bock, Felix
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Das Rektumkarzinom ist in den fortgeschrittenen UICC-Stadien II-IV mit multimodalen Therapiekonzepten zu behandeln. Hinsichtlich der zu applizierenden neoadjuvanten Radio(chemo)therapie haben sich zwei differente Verfahren etabliert. Die neoadjuvante Kurzzeit-Radiotherapie und die neoadjuvante simultane Radiochemotherapie zeigen vergleichbare onkologische Ergebnisse. Wesentliche Prognosefaktoren sind neben anderen die primäre Tumorausdehnung, der prätherapeutische Hämoglobinwert und der prätherapeutische CEA-Wert. Die pCR wird lediglich mit einer neoadjuvanten Radiochemotherapie erzielt.
Phase Coexistence and the Structure of the Morphotropic Phase Boundary Region in (1-x)Bi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O3-xPbTiO3 Piezoceramics
Creators: name: Pandey, Rishikesh
name: Tiwari, Ashish
name: Upadhyay, Ashutosh
name: Singh, Akhilesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structure of the morphotropic phase and the phase coexistence region has been investigated in (1-x)Bi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O3-xPbTiO3 ceramics. The structure is cubic with space group Pm3m for the compositions with x<0.57 and tetragonal with space group P4mm for the compositions with x>0.59. For the compositions with 0.56
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, manuscript submitted in Acta Materialia and under consideration from 12/06/2013
title: Lücken schließen: Der verantwortungsbewusste Umgang mit IT-Sicherheitslücken
Creators: name: Vettermann, Oliver
name: Wagner, Manuela
name: Leicht, Maximilian
name: Freiling, Felix
Publisher: name: bidt - Bayerisches Forschungsinstitut für Digitale Transformation
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Praktisch ausnutzbare Sicherheitslücken bedrohen die IT-Sicherheit privater wie staatlicher Infrastrukturen. Die Beseitigung der Lücken ist daher für alle Akteure, wie Produktherstellerinnen und -hersteller, Betreiberinnen und Betreiber sowie Nutzerinnen und Nutzer, wünschenswert. Dennoch zeigten Konflikte zwischen Herstellerseite und unabhängigen, proaktiv tätigen Sicherheitsforschenden, dass ein auf Kooperation basierendes Schwachstellenmanagement oftmals fehlt. Obwohl sich Expertinnen und Experten überwiegend bezüglich der grundsätzlichen Notwendigkeit eines koordinierten Zusammenwirkens durch Coordinated-Vulnerability-Disclosure-Prozesse (CVD) einig sind, ist dieses aktuell weder rechtlich verpflichtend geregelt noch flächendeckend umgesetzt. Vielmehr sind durch die Rechtsunsicherheiten für Forschende Abschreckungseffekte zu beobachten. Der „bidt Impuls“ skizziert diesen Status quo und zeigt Lösungsansätze auf, um die konfligierenden Interessens- und Rechtspositionen zu entwirren. Neben der Beseitigung einiger rechtlicher Hemmnisse durch die Gesetzgebung wird von den Autorinnen und Autoren die Einrichtung einer koordinierenden und im Konfliktfall schlichtenden Meldestelle zur Unterstützung von Disclosure-Prozessen empfohlen.
title: CROSSTALK BASED SIDE CHANNEL ATTACKS IN FPGAs
Creators: name: Ramesh, Chethan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: As FPGA use becomes more diverse, the shared use of these devices becomes a security concern. Multi-tenant FPGAs that contain circuits from multiple independent sources or users will soon be prevalent in cloud and embedded computing environments. The recent discovery of a new attack vector using neighboring long wires in Xilinx SRAM FPGAs presents the possibility of covert information leakage from an unsuspecting user's circuit. The work makes two contributions that extend this finding. First, we rigorously evaluate several Intel SRAM FPGAs and confirm that long wire information leakage is also prevalent in these devices. Second, we present the first successful attack on an unsuspecting circuit in an FPGA using information passively obtained from neighboring long-lines. Information obtained from a single AES S-box input wire combined with analysis of encrypted output is used to rapidly expose an AES key. This attack is performed remotely without modifying the victim circuit, using electromagnetic probes or power measurements, or modifying the FPGA in any way. We show that our approach is effective for three different FPGA devices. Our results demonstrate that the attack can recover encryption keys from AES circuits running at 50MHz. Finally, we present results from the AES attack performed using a cloud FPGA in a Microsoft Project Catapult cluster. These experiments show the effect can be used to attack a remotely-accessed cloud FPGA.
Ising model on clustered networks: A model for opinion dynamics
Creators: name: Baldassarri, Simone
name: Gallo, Anna
name: Jacquier, Vanessa
name: Zocca, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study opinion dynamics on networks with a nontrivial community structure, assuming individuals can update their binary opinion as the result of the interactions with an external influence with strength $h\in [0,1]$ and with other individuals in the network. To model such dynamics, we consider the Ising model with an external magnetic field on a family of finite networks with a clustered structure. Assuming a unit strength for the interactions inside each community, we assume that the strength of interaction across different communities is described by a scalar $ε\in [-1,1]$, which allows a weaker but possibly antagonistic effect between communities. We are interested in the stochastic evolution of this system described by a Glauber-type dynamics parameterized by the inverse temperature $β$. We focus on the low-temperature regime $β\rightarrow\infty$, in which homogeneous opinion patterns prevail and, as such, it takes the network a long time to fully change opinion. We investigate the different metastable and stable states of this opinion dynamics model and how they depend on the values of the parameters $ε$ and $h$. More precisely, using tools from statistical physics, we derive rigorous estimates in probability, expectation, and law for the first hitting time between metastable (or stable) states and (other) stable states, together with tight bounds on the mixing time and spectral gap of the Markov chain describing the network dynamics. Lastly, we provide a full characterization of the critical configurations for the dynamics, i.e., those which are visited with high probability along the transitions of interest.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1931-07)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
How does undergraduate teaching prepare graduates for the paediatric SHO role? A study investigating how graduates of undergraduate training in Ireland meet stakeholder minimum accepted competencies (MAC) of knowledge and expectations of good practise as new paediatric SHO recruits.
Creators: name: Mccrossan, Patrick
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: BackgroundThere may be a gap between what students learn during medical school andtheir clinical responsibilities as first-year paediatric doctors. At undergraduatelevel, in the United Kingdom (& Ireland), each medical school sets its owngraduating assessment and successful completion by the candidate leads to thelicensed right to practise by the Medical Council. It is therefore important todefine the standard for successful completion of medical school.
AimsWe sought to determine how current Irish undergraduate education preparesdoctors commencing clinical practice for the demands of the paediatric SHOrole. We identified 4 stakeholders in this process; The Irish Medical Council,parents of paediatric patients, supervising consultant paediatricians and thecurrent paediatric SHOs themselves.
MethodsUsing the Irish Medical Council’s Domains of Good Practice as a guideline, wedesigned questionnaires to determine parental satisfaction with a paediatricconsultation from an SHO, consultant satisfaction with their SHOs performanceand SHOs perceived satisfaction of their undergraduate training in preparation ofworking in paediatrics.To obtain evidence of a consultant paediatricians expected standard ofknowledge, we asked consultants to contribute to an MCQ examination, withquestions pitched at a level which they felt every new entry paediatric traineeshould know as they start clinical paediatric work.
ResultsWe found that parents and consultants were both very satisfied with theperformance of the paediatric SHO. However, this was juxtaposed with theopinions of the SHOs themselves as they expressed dissatisfaction withparticular areas of their training and felt that they were not adequately preparedfor certain aspects of their job.The MCQ examination was taken by 366 RCSI students and 58 currentpaediatric SHOs. The results show that, overall, the participants did not meetthe standard of knowledge expected by paediatricians. However, they did meetthe expectations of their academic faculty. We have identified particular aspectsof knowledge which could be improved upon but more broadly identifiedsuggestions for future development of paediatric teaching, in order to bridge thisgap between consultant-expected knowledge and graduating students’ currentknowledge of paediatrics.
Rare events analysis of temperature chaos in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model
Creators: name: Billoire, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the question of temperature chaos in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model, applying to existing Monte Carlo data a recently proposed rare events based data analysis method. Thanks to this new method, temperature chaos is now observable for this model, even with the limited size systems that can be currently simulated.
Briefe an den Hof; 1848
Creators: name: Ferdinand I., Österreich, Kaiser
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Wien, 1848. Bei Jasper, Hügel und Manz, Herrngasse Nr. 251, im Fürst Lichtensteinischen Palais. - Druckvermerk: Gedruckt bei Franz Edlen von Schmid.
Higher-order Properties of Approximate Estimators
Creators: name: Kristensen, Dennis
name: Salanie, Bernard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Economics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Computer science

description: Many modern estimation methods in econometrics approximate an objective function, for instance, through simulation or discretization. These approximations typically affect both bias and variance of the resulting estimator. We first provide a higher-order expansion of such "approximate" estimators that takes into account the errors due to the use of approximations. We show how a Newton-Raphson adjustment can reduce the impact of approximations. Then we use our expansions to develop inferential tools that take into account approximation errors: we propose adjustments of the approximate estimator that remove its first-order bias and adjust its standard errors. These corrections apply to a class of approximate estimators that includes all known simulation-based procedures. A Monte Carlo simulation on the mixed logit model shows that our proposed adjustments can yield spectacular improvements at a low computational cost.
title: ‘Engaging’ the workplace ecosystem post-COVID-19: an interplay of environmental factors and employee engagement in hybrid work practices
Creators: name: Surma, Martyna Joanna
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: The overall research aim of the PhD project is to better understand the relationship between the physical workplace environment and employee engagement in light of a post-COVID-19 workplace ecosystem. Subsequently, the research objectives are: i) to investigate options for the future development of employee engagement metrics and industry approaches to monitoring workplace design and management, ii) to explore the interplay of employee behaviours and environmental factors for employee engagement in hybrid work practices, iii) to better understand the impact of a workplace ecosystem on employee engagement in hybrid work practices, and iv) to explore options for the development of an ‘engaging’ workplace post�pandemic. The PhD project applies a mixed-method approach: quantitative surveys, interview study and qualitative thematic analysis, and content analysis. The key findings of this PhD project are: i) traditional employee engagement metrics and industry approaches to monitoring workplace design and management do not fully reflect the recent shift to hybrid work patterns in the context of the post-pandemic workplace ecosystem (i.e., home, office, third places, and urban realm), ii) a workplace ecosystem has a positive effect on employee engagement components (i.e., vigour, dedication, and absorption) via the interplay of environmental and behavioural factors, iii) flexibility - associated with both employee behaviours and the physical workplace – is one of the main drivers of employee engagement in a workplace ecosystem, and iv) the evaluation of a workplace ecosystem needs better alignment between organisational and workplace industry metrics in the wider city context to ensure a successful transition to an ‘engaging’ workplace ecosystem post-pandemic. The PhD project found that the compilation of both a home and the office can strengthen and sustain employee engagement post-pandemic. The PhD project contributes to existing knowledge and practice by i) demonstrating the role of the physical workplace environment (indoor/outdoor) as an antecedent of vigour, dedication, and absorption (i.e., the UWES scale), ii) providing new insights on the role of a workplace ecosystem in employee engagement in knowledge-intensive organisations, iii) informing the global workplace industry regarding the future evaluation of an ‘engaging’ workplace ecosystem, and iv) delivering empirically-based research evidence on employee engagement in knowledge organisations working in a hybrid mode.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Highly Tetragonal (1-x)Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3-xPbTiO3 Piezoceramics
Creators: name: Sharma, Jyoti
name: Pandey, Rishikesh
name: Singh, Akhilesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the comprehensive X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dielectric measurement of (1-x)Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3-xPbTiO3 (BZT-xPT) piezoceramics with x=0.65, 0.70, 0.75 and 0.80. Powder X-ray diffraction data reveals the tetragonal structure (space group P4mm) of BZT-xPT ceramics for all the compositions.
description: 2 Pages, 4 Figures
Reinforcement and inference in cross-situational word learning
Creators: name: Tilles, Paulo F. C.
name: Fontanari, Jose F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cross-situational word learning is based on the notion that a learner can determine the referent of a word by finding something in common across many observed uses of that word. Here we propose an adaptive learning algorithm that contains a parameter that controls the strength of the reinforcement applied to associations between concurrent words and referents, and a parameter that regulates inference, which includes built-in biases, such as mutual exclusivity, and information of past learning events. By adjusting these parameters so that the model predictions agree with data from representative experiments on cross-situational word learning, we were able to explain the learning strategies adopted by the participants of those experiments in terms of a trade-off between reinforcement and inference. These strategies can vary wildly depending on the conditions of the experiments. For instance, for fast mapping experiments (i.e., the correct referent could, in principle, be inferred in a single observation) inference is prevalent, whereas for segregated contextual diversity experiments (i.e., the referents are separated in groups and are exhibited with members of their groups only) reinforcement is predominant. Other experiments are explained with more balanced doses of reinforcement and inference.
Characterization of dissolved organic matter from a restored urban
marsh and its role in the mobilization of trace metals
Creators: name: ElBishlawi, Hagar
name: Jaffe, Peter R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry
Environmental sciences
Soil science

description: Dissolved organic matter (DOM), although highly variable and not very well characterized, plays a role in many important environmental reaction and transport processes, including trace metal mobilization. This study characterizes heterogeneous DOM from the pore-water of a restored urban tidal marsh, using chemical, optical, and electrochemical methods for dissolved organic carbon/nitrogen ratios (C:N: 1.8–6.4), spectroscopic characteristics (decreased aromaticity in amended sediments), element ratios (maximum sediment-associated trace metal concentrations measured <30 cm), and metal complexation properties (log Kc: Cd: 10.7 ± 0.7 > Pb: 9.5 ± 0.1 > Cr: 7.3 ± 0.1 > Cu: 5.07 ± 0.53), all as a function of sediment depth.

Specific DOM properties from the restored marsh were then compared to pore-water samples from a natural marsh and a simulated wetland microcosm which resulted in similar values, while the reference humic acid significantly differed in properties from field DOM. The results revealed that reference humic acids do not accurately represent the complexity of natural heterogeneous DOM, whereas a simulated wetland microcosm may provide a reasonable representation of natural DOM.

Clear differences between amended and original soil (transition below 30 cm) were observed in DOM and trace metal properties including: lower DOM content, higher log Kc values, less DOM complexity, development of a iron-sulfide redox buffering pool, and greater affinity for metals in the solid phase occurring in the amended sediments.
Validation of a New Fast-Time Scale Code for Advanced Simulations of Gyrotron Cavities
Creators: name: Feuerstein, Lukas
name: Marek, Alexander
name: Avramidis, Konstantinos A.
name: Illy, Stefan
name: Wu, Chuanren
name: Jelonnek, John
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2022

description: Gyrotrons for fusion applications are microwave vacuum tubes that are capable to produce an output power in the megawatt range at long pulses up to continuous wave (CW) and at frequencies above 100 GHz. That is possible due to the working principle of gyrotrons which allows using cavities with a very large electrical size (in the order of several cm) compared to the operating wavelength (in the order of a few mm). This mandatory requirement for high output power is a challenge in simulating the interaction between the electromagnetic (EM) field and the electron beam in a gyrotron resonator. Due to this, the simulation of the electron interaction in gyrotrons are typically carried out by using computer codes which make use of the very specific properties of the EM problem to simplify the calculations. At KIT, a new code names “SimpleRick” is under development. A fast-time scale Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method is implemented to complement the classical models used for gyrotron simulation. The PIC code introduces significantly fewer assumptions than the classical model and may therefore represent more physical details. For example, in contrast to the classical models, the new model can represent non-symmetric electron beams. In this work, the numerical implementation and the performance of this PIC model are verified and a new method for the calculation of the eigenvalues of coaxial gyrotron resonators is shown in more detail.
Attaining sub-classical metrology in lossy systems with entangled coherent states
Creators: name: Knott, P. A.
name: Munro, W. J.
name: Dunningham, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics allows entanglement enhanced measurements to be performed, but loss remains an obstacle in constructing realistic quantum metrology schemes. However, recent work has revealed that entangled coherent states (ECSs) have the potential to perform robust sub-classical measurements [J. Joo et. al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 83601 (2011)]. Up to now no read out scheme has been devised which exploits this robust nature of ECSs, but we present here an experimentally accessible method of achieving precision close to the theoretical bound, even with loss. We show substantial improvements over unentangled "classical" states and highly-entangled NOON states for a wide range of loss values, elevating quantum metrology to a realizable technology in the near future.
description: 5 pages
A climate generator for agricultural planning in southeastern South America
Creators: name: Greene, Arthur M.
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: Gonzalez, Paula Leticia Manuela
name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Chryssanthacopoulos, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agriculture--Planning
Stochastic models
Crops and climate--Computer simulation
Agriculture
Meteorology

description: A method is described for the generation of climate scenarios in a form suitable for driving agricultural models. The scenarios are tailored to the region in southeastern South America bounded by 25–40° S, 45–65° W, denoted here as SESA. SESA has been characterized by increasing summer precipitation, particularly during the late 20th century, which, in the context of favorable market conditions, has enabled increases in agricultural production. Since about year 2000, however, the upward tendency appears to have slowed or possibly stopped, raising questions about future climate inputs to regional agricultural yields.

The method is not predictive in the deterministic sense, but rather attempts to characterize uncertainty in near-term future climate, taking into account both forced trends and unforced, natural climate fluctuations. It differs from typical downscaling methods in that GCM information is utilized only at the regional scale, subregional variability being modeled based on the observational record. Output, generated on the monthly time scale, is disaggregated to daily values with a weather generator and used to drive soybean yields in the crop model DSSAT-CSM, for which preliminary results are discussed. The simulations produced permit assessment of the interplay between long-range trends and near-term climate variability in terms of agricultural production.
A new versatile in-process monitoring system for milling
Creators: name: Ritou, Mathieu
name: Garnier, Sébastien
name: Furet, Benoît
name: Hascoët, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tool condition monitoring (TCM) systems can improve productivity and ensure workpiece quality, yet, there is a lack of reliable TCM solutions for small-batch or one-off manufacturing of industrial parts. TCM methods which include the characteristics of the cut seem to be particularly suitable for these demanding applications. In the first section of this paper, three process-based indicators have been retrieved from literature dealing with TCM. They are analysed using a cutting force model and experiments are carried out in industrial conditions. Specific transient cuttings encountered during the machining of the test part reveal the indicators to be unreliable. Consequently, in the second section, a versatile in-process monitoring method is suggested. Based on experiments carried out under a range of different cutting conditions, an adequate indicator is proposed: the relative radial eccentricity of the cutters is estimated at each instant and characterizes the tool state. It is then compared with the previous tool state in order to detect cutter breakage or chipping. Lastly, the new approach is shown to be reliable when implemented during the machining of the test part.
Object solidity disambiguates ambiguous motion - exp 4
Creators: name: Bai, Dawei
name: Strickland, Brent
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: One basic physical law of our world is “solidity”: objects do not run through each other. Is solidity embedded in visual processing? More precisely, when viewing ambiguous motion displays, does our visual system automatically use solidity to compute motion? Experiment 3’s results suggest that the solidity constraint biases the interpretation of an ambiguously moving ball. The present experiment investigates how size variation of the ball influences this effect.
Carbon Dioxide-Ethanol Mixtures at Supercritical Conditions with X-ray optical access
Creators: name: Li, Haoyuan
name: Vignat, Guillaume
name: Muhunthan, Priyanka
name: Younes, Khaled
name: Ihme, Matthias
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: supercritical fluids
binary mixture
high pressure
high temperature
x-ray accessible optical high pressure cell

description: Procedure to create a well-controlled CO2-ethanol mixture and bring it up to a supercritical state (high temperature and pressure) within an x-ray optical cell. The mixture is prepared within a heated and stirred high pressure vessel to ensure dilution of the two components, and then transferred to the high pressure cell. In this cell, the sample of fluid is maintained at a constant temperature and pressure condition, within a cavity closed by two thin diamond wafers which allow the transmission of femtosecond x-ray pulses to perform x-ray scattering measurements (see Muhunthan, Li, Vignat, et al., A versatile pressure-cell design for studying ultrafast molecular-dynamics in supercritical fluids using coherent multi-pulse X-ray scattering, Review of Scientific Instrument (2024), doi: 10.1063/5.0158497 for more details).