cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Approximation Algorithms for the Test Cover Problem
Creators: name: K. M. J.  De Bontridder
name: B. D. Halldórsson
name: M. M. Halldórsson
name: C.A.J.  Hurkins
name: J. K. Lenstra
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: L.  Stougie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In the test cover problem a set of m items is given together with a collection of subsets, called tests. A smallest subcollection of tests is to be selected such that for each pair of items there is a test in the selection that contains exactly one of the two items. It is known that the problem is NP-hard and that the greedy algorithm has a performance ratio O(log m). We observe that, unless P=NP, no polynomial-time algorithm can do essentially better. For the case that each test contains at most k items, we give an O(log k)-approximation algorithm. We pay special attention to the case that each test contains at most two items. A strong relation with a problem of packing paths in a graph is established, which implies that even this special case is NP-hard. We prove APX-hardness of both problems, derive performance guarantees for greedy algorithms, and discuss the performance of a series of local improvement heuristics.
Time-resolved Observation and Control of Superexchange Interactions with Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Trotzky, S.
name: Cheinet, P.
name: Fölling, S.
name: Feld, M.
name: Schnorrberger, U.
name: Rey, A. M.
name: Polkovnikov, A.
name: Demler, E. A.
name: Lukin, M. D.
name: Bloch, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanical superexchange interactions form the basis of quantum magnetism in strongly correlated electronic media. We report on the direct measurement of superexchange interactions with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. After preparing a spin-mixture of ultracold atoms in an antiferromagnetically ordered state, we measure a coherent superexchange-mediated spin dynamics with coupling energies from 5 Hz up to 1 kHz. By dynamically modifying the potential bias between neighboring lattice sites, the magnitude and sign of the superexchange interaction can be controlled, thus allowing the system to be switched between antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic spin interactions. We compare our findings to predictions of a two-site Bose-Hubbard model and find very good agreement, but are also able to identify corrections which can be explained by the inclusion of direct nearest-neighbor interactions.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Approximation Algorithms for the Covering Steiner Problem.
Creators: name: Konjevod, Goran
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Aravind  Srinivasan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The covering Steiner problem is a generalization of both the k-MST and the group Steiner problems: given an edge-weighted graph, with subsets of vertices called the groups, and a nonnegative integer value (called the requirement) for each group, the problem is to find a minimum-weight tree spanning at least the required number of vertices of every group. When all requirements are equal to 1, this becomes the group Steiner problem, while if there is only one group which contains all vertices of the graph the problem reduces to k-MST with k equal to the requirement of this unique group. We discuss two different (but equivalent) linear relaxations of the problem for the case when the given graph is a tree and construct polylogarithmic approximation algorithms based on randomized LP rounding of these relaxations. By using a probabilistic approximation of general metrics by tree metrics due to Bartal, our algorithms also solve the covering Steiner problem on general graphs with a further polylogarithmic worsening in the approximation ratio.
On the application of the Lindstedt-Poincaré method to the Lotka-Volterra system
Creators: name: Amore, Paolo
name: Fernández, Francisco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Lindstedt-Poincaré method to the Lotka-Volterra model and discuss alternative implementations of the approach. By means of an efficient systematic algorithm we obtain an unprecedented number of perturbation corrections for the two dynamical variables and the frequency. They enable us to estimate the radius of convergence of the perturbation series for the frequency as a function of the only model parameter. The method is suitable for the treatment of systems with any number of dynamical variables.
Towards Deviation-Robust Agent Navigation via Perturbation-Aware Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Lin, Bingqian
name: Long, Yanxin
name: Zhu, Yi
name: Zhu, Fengda
name: Liang, Xiaodan
name: Ye, Qixiang
name: Lin, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vision-and-language navigation (VLN) asks an agent to follow a given language instruction to navigate through a real 3D environment. Despite significant advances, conventional VLN agents are trained typically under disturbance-free environments and may easily fail in real-world scenarios, since they are unaware of how to deal with various possible disturbances, such as sudden obstacles or human interruptions, which widely exist and may usually cause an unexpected route deviation. In this paper, we present a model-agnostic training paradigm, called Progressive Perturbation-aware Contrastive Learning (PROPER) to enhance the generalization ability of existing VLN agents, by requiring them to learn towards deviation-robust navigation. Specifically, a simple yet effective path perturbation scheme is introduced to implement the route deviation, with which the agent is required to still navigate successfully following the original instruction. Since directly enforcing the agent to learn perturbed trajectories may lead to inefficient training, a progressively perturbed trajectory augmentation strategy is designed, where the agent can self-adaptively learn to navigate under perturbation with the improvement of its navigation performance for each specific trajectory. For encouraging the agent to well capture the difference brought by perturbation, a perturbation-aware contrastive learning mechanism is further developed by contrasting perturbation-free trajectory encodings and perturbation-based counterparts. Extensive experiments on R2R show that PROPER can benefit multiple VLN baselines in perturbation-free scenarios. We further collect the perturbed path data to construct an introspection subset based on the R2R, called Path-Perturbed R2R (PP-R2R). The results on PP-R2R show unsatisfying robustness of popular VLN agents and the capability of PROPER in improving the navigation robustness.
description: Accepted by TPAMI 2023
Deep VLA observations of the cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214 in the frequency range 1-2 GHz
Creators: name: Rajpurohit, K.
name: Hoeft, M.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Rudnick, L.
name: Röttgering, H. J. A.
name: Forman, W. R.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Croston, J. H.
name: Andrade-Santos, F.
name: Dawson, W. A.
name: Intema, H. T.
name: Kraft, R. P.
name: Jones, C.
name: Jee, M. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report L-band VLA observations of 1RXS J0603.3+4214, a cluster that hosts a bright radio relic, known as the Toothbrush, and an elongated giant radio halo. These new observations allow us to study the surface brightness distribution down to one arcsec resolution with very high sensitivity. Our images provide an unprecedented detailed view of the Toothbrush, revealing enigmatic filamentary structures. To study the spectral index distribution, we complement our analysis with published LOFAR and GMRT observations. The bright `brush' of the Toothbrush shows a prominent narrow ridge to its north with a sharp outer edge. The spectral index at the ridge is in the range $-0.70\leqα\leq-0.80$. We suggest that the ridge is caused by projection along the line of sight. With a simple toy model for the smallest region of the ridge, we conclude that the magnetic field is below $5\,\rmμG$ and varies significantly across the shock front. Our model indicates that the actual Mach number is higher than that obtained from the injection index and agrees well with the one derived from the overall spectrum, namely ${\cal M}=3.78^{+0.3}_{-0.2}$. The radio halo shows an average spectral index of $α=-1.16\pm0.05$ and a slight gradient from north to south. The southernmost part of the halo is steeper and possibly related to a shock front. Excluding the southernmost part, the halo morphology agrees very well with the X-ray morphology. A power-law correlation is found between the radio and X-ray surface brightness
description: 23 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Weissia recurvirostris Hedw.
Creators: name: Price, Michelle J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Ascomycota
Bryopsida
Pottiales
Pottiaceae
Weissia
Weissia recurvirostris

description: BN: Weissia recurvirostris Hedw.,
Sp. Musc. Frond.: 71. 1801.
CN / SY: Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.). P. C. Chen, Hedwigia 80: 5. 1941.
PL: Locis lapidosis sabulosis.
LI: Duby-Boissier herbarium: “Grimmia recurvirostra Gottingae Herb. Schwaegrichen’’.
LT: OCHYRA & al. (2008: 329), lectotype [icon in] Hedwig (1785-1787: t. 7), epitype “[Deutschland] Kgr. Saschen: Am Elbufer bei Königstein, etwa 120 m.s.m., 26 Sept. 1905 legit W. Kreiger’ (E. Bauer, Musci europaei exsiccate Mo. 273) – KRAM; isoepitypes: BM, FH, G, NY, PC ”.
description: Published as part of Price, Michelle J., 2014, Hedwig-Schwägrichen types catalogue update (1): new typifications and typification corrections, pp. 119-133 in Candollea 69 (2) on page 128, DOI: 10.15553/c2014v692a3, http://zenodo.org/record/5715296
Composite gauge field models with broken symmetries
Creators: name: Balakrishna, B. S.
name: Mahanthappa, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of the non-Abelian version of the $CP^{N-1}$ models (also known as Grassmannian models) that involve composite gauge fields to accommodate partial breaking of the non-Abelian gauge symmetry. For this to be possible, in most cases, the constituent fields need to belong to an anomaly free complex representation. Symmetry is broken dynamically for large $N$ primarily by a naturally generated composite scalar which simulates Higgs mechanism. In the example studied in some detail, the gauge group SO(10) gets broken down to subgroups like SU(5) or SU(5)$\times$U(1).
description: 12 pages, COLO-HEP/325
Predictions and sensitivity forecasts for reionization-era [C II] line intensity mapping
Creators: name: Dumitru, Sebastian
name: Kulkarni, Girish
name: Lagache, Guilaine
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the high-redshift Universe using the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen and complimentary emission lines from the first galaxies promise to open a new door for our understanding of the epoch of reionization. We present predictions for the [C II] 158-micron line and H I 21 cm emission from redshifts z=6--9 using high-dynamic-range cosmological simulations combined with semi-analytical models. We find that the CONCERTO experiment should be able to detect the large scale power spectrum of [C II] emission to redshifts of up to z=8 (signal-to-noise ratio ~ 1 at k = 0.1 h/cMpc with 1500 hr of integration). A Stage II experiment similar to CCAT-p should be able to detect [C II] from even higher redshifts to high significance for similar integration times (signal-to-noise ratio of ~50 at k = 0.2 h/cMpc at z=6--9). We study the possibility of combining such future [C II] measurements with 21 cm measurements using LOFAR and SKA to measure the [C II]-21cm cross power spectra, and find that a Stage II experiment should be able to measure the cross-power spectrum for k < 1 h/cMpc to signal-to-noise ratio of better than 10. We discuss the capability of such measurements to constrain astrophysical parameters relevant to reionization and show that a measurement of the [C II]-21cm cross power spectrum helps break the degeneracy between the mass and brightness of ionizing sources.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Approximation Algorithms for Online Weighted Rank Function Maximization under Matroid Constraints
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Niv
name: Naor, Joseph
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Mohit  Singh
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Consider the following online version of the submodular maximization problem under a matroid constraint. We are given a set of elements over which a matroid is defined. The goal is to incrementally choose a subset that remains independent in the matroid over time. At each time, a new weighted rank function of a different matroid (one per time) over the same elements is presented; the algorithm can add a few elements to the incrementally constructed set, and reaps a reward equal to the value of the new weighted rank function on the current set. The goal of the algorithm as it builds this independent set online is to maximize the sum of these (weighted rank) rewards. As in regular online analysis, we compare the rewards of our online algorithm to that of an offline optimum, namely a single independent set of the matroid that maximizes the sum of the weighted rank rewards that arrive over time. This problem is a natural extension of two well-studied streams of earlier work: the first is on online set cover algorithms (in particular for the max coverage version) while the second is on approximately maximizing submodular functions under a matroid constraint. In this paper, we present the first randomized online algorithms for this problem with poly-logarithmic competitive ratio. To do this, we employ the LP formulation of a scaled reward version of the problem. Then we extend a weighted-majority type update rule along with uncrossing properties of tight sets in the matroid polytope to find an approximately optimal fractional LP solution. We use the fractional solution values as probabilities for a online randomized rounding algorithm. To show that our rounding produces a sufficiently large reward independent set, we prove and use new covering properties for randomly rounded fractional solutions in the matroid polytope that may be of independent interest.
Cosmological structure formation with negative mass
Creators: name: Manfredi, Giovanni
name: Rouet, Jean-Louis
name: Miller, Bruce
name: Chardin, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a family of models with negative gravitational mass in the context of Newtonian gravity. We focus in particular on a model that reproduces the features of the so-called Dirac-Milne universe, a matter-antimatter symmetric universe that was recently proposed as an alternative cosmological scenario [A. Benoit-Levy and G. Chardin, A&A 537, A78 (2012)]. We perform one-dimensional N-body simulations of these negative-mass models for an expanding universe and study the associated formation of gravitational structures. The similarities and differences with the standard cosmological model are highlighted and discussed.
description: Equation 14 has been corrected (NB: typo in the published PRD version)
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0142v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0142v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0142v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Health technology assessment and Horizon scanning
Creators: name: Favato, Giampiero
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Horizon Scanning is a method used to describe an organized formal process of detecting and assessing emerging threats and opportunities. It is thus of use in guiding decision- and policymaking ahead of actual events.

Horizon Scanning for medicines informs key stakeholders in health, so they can plan for the introduction of new medicines, indications and formulations.
Horizon Scanning in Health Technology Assessment is still in its infancy. This is probably due to the excessive focus put by regulatory Agencies on data collection over assessment of medical and social impact of innovation. The Horizon Scanning method should facilitate the location or construction of consensus among experts on forecasting the impact of future trends in pharmaceutical and technological innovation.
Modified Lattice Landau Gauge
Creators: name: von Smekal, Lorenz
name: Mehta, Dhagash
name: Sternbeck, Andre
name: Williams, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a modified lattice Landau gauge based on stereographically projecting the link variables on the circle S^1 -> R for compact U(1) or the 3-sphere S^3 -> R^3 for SU(2) before imposing the Landau gauge condition. This can reduce the number of Gribov copies exponentially and solves the Gribov problem in compact U(1) where it is a lattice artifact. Applied to the maximal Abelian subgroup this might be just enough to avoid the perfect cancellation amongst the Gribov copies in a lattice BRST formulation for SU(N), and thus to avoid the Neuberger 0/0 problem. The continuum limit of the Landau gauge remains unchanged.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, for the proceedings of the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4 2007, Regensburg, Germany
Typist Experiment: an Investigation of Human-to-Human Dictation via Role-play to Inform Voice-based Text Authoring
Creators: name: Liu, Can
name: Hu, Siying
name: Feng, Li
name: Fan, Mingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Voice dictation is increasingly used for text entry, especially in mobile scenarios. However, the speech-based experience gets disrupted when users must go back to a screen and keyboard to review and edit the text. While existing dictation systems focus on improving transcription and error correction, little is known about how to support speech input for the entire text creation process, including composition, reviewing and editing. We conducted an experiment in which ten pairs of participants took on the roles of authors and typists to work on a text authoring task. By analysing the natural language patterns of both authors and typists, we identified new challenges and opportunities for the design of future dictation interfaces, including the ambiguity of human dictation, the differences between audio-only and with screen, and various passive and active assistance that can potentially be provided by future systems.
Experimental tests of coherence and entanglement conservation
Creators: name: Černoch, Antonín
name: Bartkiewicz, Karol
name: Lemr, Karel
name: Soubusta, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate the migration of coherence between composite quantum systems and their subsystems. The quantum systems are implemented using polarization states of photons in two experimental setups. The first setup is based on linear optical controlled-phase quantum gate and the second scheme is utilizing effects of nonlinear optics. Our experiment allows to verify the relation between correlations of the subsystems and the coherence of the composite system, which was given in terms of a conservation law for maximal accessible coherence by Svozilík \emph{et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 115}, 220501 (2015)]. We observe that the maximal accessible coherence is conserved for the implemented class of global evolutions of the composite system.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Strongly interacting $W$ bosons and supersymmetry
Creators: name: Khlebnikov, S. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present arguments in favor of the idea that supersymmetric sigma models with compact symmetric Kähler spaces as target manifolds have a second-order phase transition in four dimensions. When applied to electroweak symmetry breaking, these models then do not require a light Higgs boson or techni-resonances but predict fermionic superpartners of longitudinal W's and Z with masses at or below TeV scale. Presence of the phase transition leads to a fractional-power energy dependence of fixed-angle scattering amplitude of longitudinal W's and Z's at high energies.
description: 8 pages, LATEX, UCLA/93/TEP/29
Non-asymptotic Error Bounds For Constant Stepsize Stochastic Approximation For Tracking Mobile Agents
Creators: name: Kumar, Bhumesh
name: Borkar, Vivek
name: Shetty, Akhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work revisits the constant stepsize stochastic approximation algorithm for tracking a slowly moving target and obtains a bound for the tracking error that is valid for the entire time axis, using the Alekseev non-linear variation of constants formula. It is the first non-asymptptic bound for the entire time axis in the sense that it is not based on the vanishing stepsize limit and associated limit theorems unlike prior works, and captures clearly the dependence on problem parameters and the dimension.
description: Expanded and revised
Introduction on Training in the SSHOC project
Creators: name: Vasso Kalaitzi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Training
Open Science
SSHOC
EOSC

description: The data that are generated or collected at Research Infrastructures can be very complex. In Social Sciences and Humanities there are multimedia, multilingual sources, and data collections can be surveys, panels, events, or based on registries and contain thousands of variables. To use these data, a newcomer needs training – on the structure, on caveats, on previous results. Such training is part of the SSHOC project and we will give a brief introduction where and how this training can be found. This presentation was part of the Social & Cultural Data – taking the Users’ Perspective session on 28 November 2019 at the EOSC Symposium in Budapest, Hungary.
Tunneling phase gate for neutral atoms in a double-well lattice
Creators: name: Strauch, Frederick W.
name: Edwards, Mark
name: Tiesinga, Eite
name: Williams, Carl
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new two--qubit phase gate for ultra--cold atoms confined in an experimentally realized tilted double--well optical lattice [Sebby--Strabley et al., Phys. Rev. A {\bf 73} 033605 (2006)]. Such a lattice is capable of confining pairs of atoms in a two--dimensional array of double--well potentials where control can be exercised over the barrier height and the energy difference of the minima of the two wells (known as the ``tilt''). The four lowest single--particle motional states consist of two pairs of motional states in which each pair is localized on one side of the central barrier, allowing for two atoms confined in such a lattice to be spatially separated qubits. We present a time--dependent scheme to manipulate the tilt to induce tunneling oscillations which produce a collisional phase gate. Numerical simulations demonstrate that this gate can be performed with high fidelity.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Vom Foto zum NFT: Eine Einführung in Blockchain und digitale Kunstmärkte
title: Willkommen in der Welt der Kryptographie
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Tenckhoff, Jürgen Theo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NFT
Blockchain
Smart Contracts
IPFS
Digitale Kunst
Kryptowährung
Tokenisierung
Künstler & Sammler
OpenSea
Rarible
Foundation
Minting von NFTs
Marktplätze für NFTs
Ethereum ERC-721
Solidity
Haskell
Cardano
Ada
NFT-Rechte & Besitznachweise

description: In diesem Vortrag erläutert Dr. Jürgen Tenckhoff die technischen und wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen von Blockchain und Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). Er erklärt, wie digitale Kunstwerke und Fotografien mithilfe der Blockchain-Technologie verifiziert und monetarisiert werden können.

🔹 Was sind Token und NFTs?🔹 Wie funktioniert die Blockchain-Technologie?🔹 Geschichte der Blockchain & Kryptowährungen🔹 Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitung: Vom Foto zum NFT🔹 Welche Marktplätze gibt es für NFTs?🔹 Chancen und Risiken für Künstler und Sammler

Referenz:Dieser Vortrag wurde im Rahmen eines Workshops der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Photographie (DGPh) am 02.06.2021 gehalten und reflektiert den Stand der NFT-Technologie und -Marktplätze zu diesem Zeitpunkt. Seitdem haben sich einige Entwicklungen, insbesondere im Bereich Skalierbarkeit (Layer-2-Lösungen), Marktplatzstrukturen und Regulierungen, weiter verändert. Dennoch bietet der Vortrag eine wertvolle Einführung in die Grundlagen der Blockchain, NFTs und deren wirtschaftliche Bedeutung.

Verwandte Veröffentlichung:Teil 2 dieses Vortrages: Non-Fungible Tokens in der Praxis - Vom Foto zum NFT ist hier verfügbar: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14936776
Approximation Algorithms for Multiple Sequence Alignment under a Fixed Evolutionary Tree
Creators: name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Kececioglu, John D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the problem of multiple sequence alignment under a fixed evolutionary tree: given a tree whose leaves are labeled by sequences, find ancestral sequences to label its internal nodes so as to minimize the total length of the tree, where the length of an edge is the edit distance between the sequences labeling its endpoints. We present a new polynomial-time approximation algorithm for this problem, and analyze its performance on regular d-ary trees with d a constant. On such a tree, the algorithm finds a solution within a factor (d + 1)/(d − 1) of the minimum in O(kdT(d, n) + k2dn2) time, where k is the number of leaves in the tree, n is the length of the longest sequence labeling a leaf, and T(d, n) is the time to compute a Steiner point for d sequences of length at most n. (A Steiner point for a set S of sequences is a sequence P that minimizes the sum of the edit distances from P to each sequence in S . The time T(d, n) is O(d2dnd), given O(dsd+1)-time preprocessing for an alphabet of size s.) The approximation algorithm is conceptually simple and easy to implement, and actually applies to any metric space in which a Steiner point for any fixed-sized set can be computed in polynomial time. We also introduce a new problem, bottleneck tree-alignment, in which the objective is to label the internal nodes of the tree so as to minimize the length of the longest edge. We describe an exponential-time exact algorithm for the case of unit-cost edit operations, and show there is a simple linear-time approximation algorithm for the general case that finds a solution within a factor O(logk) of the minimum.
Vacuum Misalignment in High Energy Collisions
Creators: name: Huang, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a recent proposal to observe the disoriented chiral condensate in high energy collisions. In order to produce a large fluctuation in pion probability distribution, a large size of the correlated region is essential. We study the role of the intrinsic symmetry breaking and suggest that a negative (mass)^2 of mesons arising from a misaligned vacuum may be a candidate for such a mechanism. We further point out a possibility to observe unsuppressed strong $CP$ violation in the disoriented vacuum phase.
description: 12 LaTeX pages, An important numerical correction on the rate of eta to pi pi decays is made, LBL-34703
Operational resource theory of continuous-variable nonclassicality
Creators: name: Yadin, Benjamin
name: Binder, Felix C.
name: Thompson, Jayne
name: Narasimhachar, Varun
name: Gu, Mile
name: Kim, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Genuinely quantum states of a harmonic oscillator may be distinguished from their classical counterparts by the Glauber-Sudarshan P-representation -- a state lacking a positive P-function is said to be nonclassical. In this paper, we propose a general operational framework for studying nonclassicality as a resource in networks of passive linear elements and measurements with feed-forward. Within this setting, we define new measures of nonclassicality based on the quantum fluctuations of quadratures, as well as the quantum Fisher information of quadrature displacements. These lead to fundamental constraints on the manipulation of nonclassicality, especially its concentration into subsystems, that apply to generic multi-mode non-Gaussian states. Special cases of our framework include no-go results in the concentration of squeezing and a complete hierarchy of nonclassicality for single mode Gaussian states.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures; comments welcome; close to published version
title: Social Media Addiction and the Loneliness Epidemic
Creators: name: Huynh, Melanie
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This paper discusses the ill-fated relationship between the rise in social media addiction among young adults and the resulting loneliness epidemic that has contributed to greater concerns for mental health – a topic heavily relevant in today’s ongoing battle with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Nonet symmetry in η, η^{\prime} and B\to Kη,Kη^{\prime} decays
Creators: name: Pham, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonet symmetry scheme seems to describe rather well the masses and $η-η^{\prime}$ mixing angle of the ground state pseudo-scalar mesons. It is expected that nonet symmetry should also be valid for the matrix elements of the pseudo-scalar densitty operators which play an important role in charmless two-body B decays with $η$ or $η^{\prime}$ in the final state. Starting from the divergences of the SU(3) octet and singlet axial vector currents, we show that nonet symmetry for the pseudo-scalar mass term implies nonet symmetry for the pseudo-scalar density operators. In this nonet symmetry scheme, we find that the branching ratio $B\to PP,PV$, with $η$ in the final state agrees well with data, while those with $η'$ are underestimated, but by increasing the $B\to η'$ form factor by $40-50%$, one could explain the tree-dominated $B^{-}\to π^{-}η'$ and $B^{-}\to ρ^{-}η'$ measured branching ratios. With this increased form factor and with only a moderate annihilation contribution, we are able to obtain $62\times 10^{-6}$ for the penguin-dominated $B^{-}\to K^{-}η'$ branching ratios, quite close to the measured value. This supports the predicted value for the $B\to η'$ form factor in PQCD and light-cone sum rules approach. A possible increase by 15% of $<0|\bar{s} iγ_5 s|s\bar{s}>$ for $η_{0} $ would bring the predicted $B^{-}\to K^{-}η'$ branching ratio to $69.375\times 10^{-6}$, very close to experiment.
description: 13 pages, minor typos corrected (references), PRD version
On Black Hole Mass Estimation from X-ray Spectra of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
Creators: name: Vierdayanti, Kiki
name: Watarai, Ken-ya
name: Mineshige, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a methodology to derive a black-hole mass for super-critical accretion flow. Here, we use the extended disk blackbody (extended DBB) model, a fitting model in which the effective temperature profile obeys the relation $T_{\rm eff} \propto r^{-p}$, with $r$ being the disk radius and $p$ being treated as a fitting parameter. We first numerically calculate the theoretical flow structure and its spectra for a given black-hole mass, $M$, and accretion rate, $\dot{M}$. Through fitting to the theoretical spectra by the extended DBB model, we can estimate the black-hole mass, $M_{\rm x}$, assuming that the innermost disk radius is $r_{\rm in}=3r_{\rm g} (\propto M_{\rm x})$, where $r_{\rm g}$ is the Schwarzschild radius. We find, however, that the estimated mass deviates from that adopted in the spectral calculations, $M$, even for low-$\dot{M}$ cases. We also find that the deviations can be eliminated by introducing a new correction for the innermost radius. Using this correction, we calculate mass correction factors, $M/M_{\rm x}$, in the super-critical regimes for some sets of $M$ and $\dot M$, finding that a mass correction factor ranges between $M/M_{\rm x} \sim$ 1.2 -- 1.6. The higher is $\dot{M}$, the larger does the mass correction factor tend to be. Since the correction is relatively small, we can safely conclude that the black holes in ULXs which Vierdayanti et al. (2006, PASJ, 58, 915) analyzed are stellar-mass black holes with the mass being $< 100M_{\odot}$.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables (accepted, PASJ, Vol.60 No.3). Update: abstract and discussion
Approximation Algorithms for Minimizing Average Distortion
Creators: name: Kedar  Dhamdhere
name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper considers embeddings f of arbitrary finite metrics into the line metric ℜ so that none of the distances is shrunk by the embedding f; the quantity of interest is the factor by which the average distance in the metric is stretched. We call this quantity the average distortion of the non-contracting map f. We prove that finding the best embedding of even a tree metric into a line metric to minimize the average distortion is NP-hard, and hence focus on approximating the average distortion of the best possible embedding for the given input metric. We give a constant-factor approximation for the problem of embedding general metrics into the line metric. For the case of n-point tree metrics, we provide a quasi-polynomial time approximation scheme which outputs an embedding with distortion at most (1 + ε) times the optimum in time nO(log n/ε^2). Finally, when the average distortion is measured only over the endpoints of the edges of an input tree metric, we show how to exploit the structure of tree metrics to give an exact solution in polynomial time
Inverted Hybrid Inflation as a solution to gravitino problems in Gravity Mediation
Creators: name: Nakajima, H.
name: Shinbara, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently found that the decay of inflaton and the SUSY breaking field produces many gravitinos in the gravity mediation scenario. These discoveries led to an exclusion of many inflation models such as chaotic, (smooth) hybrid, topological and new inflation models. Under these circumstances we searched for a successful inflation model and found that the ``inverted'' hybrid inflation models can solve the gravitino overproduction problem by their distinctive shape of the potential. Furthermore, we found that this inflation model simultaneously can explain the observed baryon asymmetry through the non-thermal leptogenesis and is consistent with the WMAP results, that is, $n_s=0.951^{+0.015}_{-0.019}$ and the negligible tensor to scalar ratio.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures inc
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ИНФЕКЦИЙ МОЧЕВЫВОДЯЩИХ ПУТЕЙ
Creators: name: Абдуллаев, Ахмаджон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП) являются частыми осложнениями в эндоурологической практике, существенно влияющими на исходы лечения и качество жизни пациентов. Рецидивирующие инфекции мочевыводящих путей (РИМП) по-прежнему представляют серьезную проблему. Эта группа нозологий является частой причиной обращений женщин в медицинские организации как стационарного, так и амбулаторного уровней. Большое количество обращений пациентов, страдающих от периодически повторяющихся инфекций мочевыводящей системы, приводят к высоким экономическим затратам для системы здравоохранения. В данной статье рассматриваются актуальность проблемы ИМП в эндоурологии, цели и методы исследования, а также представлены результаты и обсуждение, основанные на анализе как зарубежья, так и Узбекистана.
title: ADCO, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0300v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, C
art. 186 (11 H 71). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la
 Côte-d'Or, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0300v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-
project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Generalized convex hull construction for materials discovery
Creators: name: Anelli, Andrea
name: Engel, Edgar A.
name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Ceriotti, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-throughput computational materials searches generate large databases of locally-stable structures. Conventionally, the needle-in-a-haystack search for the few experimentally-synthesizable compounds is performed using a convex hull construction, which identifies structures stabilized by manipulation of a particular thermodynamic constraint (for example pressure or composition) chosen based on prior experimental evidence or intuition. To address the biased nature of this procedure we introduce a generalized convex hull framework. Convex hulls are constructed on data-driven principal coordinates, which represent the full structural diversity of the database. Their coupling to experimentally-realizable constraints hints at the conditions that are most likely to stabilize a given configuration. The probabilistic nature of our framework also addresses the uncertainty stemming from the use of approximate models during database construction, and eliminates redundant structures. The remaining small set of candidates that have a high probability of being synthesizable provide a much needed starting point for the determination of viable synthetic pathways.
description: Accepted Manuscript
Comet 9P/Tempel 1: Interpretation with the Deep Impact Results
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Satoru
name: Kimura, Hiroshi
name: Zubko, Evgenij
name: Kobayashi, Hiroshi
name: Wada, Koji
name: Ishiguro, Masateru
name: Matsui, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to our common understandings, the original surface of a short-period comet nucleus has been lost by sublimation processes during its close approaches to the Sun. Sublimation results in the formation of a dust mantle on the retreated surface and in chemical differentiation of ices over tens or hundreds of meters below the mantle. In the course of NASA's Deep Impact mission, optical and infrared imaging observations of the ejecta plume were conducted by several researchers, but their interpretations of the data came as a big surprise: (1) The nucleus of comet 9P/Tempel 1 is free of a dust mantle, but maintains its pristine crust of submicron-sized carbonaceous grains; (2) Primordial materials are accessible already at a depth of several tens of cm with abundant silicate grains of submicrometer sizes. In this study, we demonstrate that a standard model of cometary nuclei explains well available observational data: (1) A dust mantle with a thickness of ~1-2 m builds up on the surface, where compact aggregates larger than tens of micrometers dominate; (2) Large fluffy aggregates are embedded in chemically differentiated layers as well as in the deepest part of the nucleus with primordial materials. We conclude that the Deep Impact results do not need any peculiar view of a comet nucleus.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. ApJ letters, 673, L199-202
Additional file 1 of Verification of EZH2 as a druggable target in metastatic uveal melanoma
Creators: name: Jin, Bei
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Zou, Hailin
name: Ye, Huijing
name: Wang, Yun
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Yang, Huasheng
name: Pan, Jingxuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Table S1. The association between EZH2 expression and clinicopathologic features in UM. Supplementary Table S2. IC50 values of HMT inhibitors, Î¼mol/L. Supplementary Table S3. Limiting dilution analysis in NOD/SCID mice with ALDH+, ALDH- or unsorted Omm1 cells. Supplementary Table S4. Limiting dilution analysis in NOD/SCID mice with or without GSK126 treatment. Supplementary Table S5. Primers for ChIP and qPCR.
Sensitive Pictures: Emotional Interpretation in the Museum
Creators: name: Benford, Steve
name: Løvlie, Anders Sundnes
name: Ryding, Karin
name: Rajkowska, Paulina
name: Bodiaj, Edgar
name: Darzentas, Dimitrios Paris
name: Cameron, Harriet R
name: Spence, Jocelyn
name: Egede, Joy
name: Spanjevic, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Museums are interested in designing emotional visitor experiences to complement traditional interpretations. HCI is interested in the relationship between Affective Computing and Affective Interaction. We describe Sensitive Pictures, an emotional visitor experience co-created with the Munch art museum. Visitors choose emotions, locate associated paintings in the museum, experience an emotional story while viewing them, and self-report their response. A subsequent interview with a portrayal of the artist employs computer vision to estimate emotional responses from facial expressions. Visitors are given a souvenir postcard visualizing their emotional data. A study of 132 members of the public (39 interviewed) illuminates key themes: designing emotional provocations; capturing emotional responses; engaging visitors with their data; a tendency for them to align their views with the system's interpretation; and integrating these elements into emotional trajectories. We consider how Affective Computing can hold up a mirror to our emotions during Affective Interaction.
description: Accepted for publication in CHI 2022
title: Carbon Dioxide And Particulate Matter Concentration on Hampton Roads Air Quality
Creators: name: Hubbard, Gregory
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Hampton Roads has been a maritime crossroads for the last 400 years. Industrialization has impacted the coastal region for the last 250 years. The expansion of the Port of Virginia in 2019 has created dense traffic in the region resulting in impacts to air quality. Two waste products that affect humans are particulate matter and carbon dioxide. Both respective emissions can cause adverse effects on humans, such as asthma, some lung cancers, and other respiratory distress. Scientists and health practitioners are studying the effects of particulate matter on human health. Hampton Roads, in particular, because of its unique location on a coastal plain and its heavy industrial development must be studied due to its high coastal industrial profile compared to other regions. Independent data collection of CO2, PM 2.5, and PM 5.0 concentration was examined with distance relative to the Norfolk Port of Virginia. The concentration values were recorded both under operational (day) and non-operational (night) hours. This novel data was then cross validated with public NOAA air quality reports.
Exchange Reactions with Dick Dalitz
Creators: name: Davis, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An account is given of the close collaboration of Dick Dalitz with the European K- Collaboration over many decades in many aspects of hypernuclear physics. In particular, emphasis is given to the topics of double hypernuclei and the discovery and resolution of p-wave Lambda strangeness exchange states.
description: Invited talk at HYP06, Mainz, October 2006