cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of fitness functions on the performance of automated testing techniques
Creators: name: Alrohili, Ohood
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Testing is technically and economically crucial for ensuring software quality. One of the most challenging testing tasks is to create test suites that will reveal potential defects in software. However, as the size and complexity of software systems increase, the task becomes more labour-intensive and manual test data generation becomes infeasible. To address this issue, researchers have proposed different approaches to automate the process of generating test data using optimisation techniques. Due to the non-linear nature of fitness functions and the large search space, one direction of research has focussed on using metaheuristics, which are approximate methods of finding good solutions in a reasonable amount of time. For many years, researchers have been proposing different definitions of fitness functions for use in the automatic generation of test data, utilising different measurements to evaluate the quality of the test data produced. Investigating the conditions under which a fitness function will either succeed in producing, or fail to produce high software coverage is critical for understanding the suitability and limitations of different fitness function definitions, as well as for automated test data generation. This study examines the performance of a variety of fitness functions across diverse types of software, providing resources from which these conditions may be derived. Experiments show the performance of fitness functions is problem-dependent, such that the coverage obtained by a given function is impacted by the software features being tested. To a large extent, software features which can be captured by software metrics may be seen as an indicator of the possibility of a given fitness function achieving high coverage.
Anomaly detection based on zero appearances in subspaces
Creators: name: Pang, Guansong
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Anomaly detection is regarded as one of the most important tasks in data mining due to its wide application in various domains, such as finance, information security, healthcare and earth science. With advancements in data collection techniques, the volume and dimensionality of anomaly detection data sets increase explosively, and diverse attribute types occur within these data sets. Also, in many data sets, anomalies can be detected in some attributes only, while other attributes are irrelevant to anomaly detection. All these characteristics pose new challenges to existing anomaly detection techniques. Motivated by this fact, this research aims to design an anomaly detection method which can scale up to large and high dimensional data, is able to identify anomalies in data sets with different types of attributes, and tolerates irrelevant attributes. This thesis posits that anomalies are instances with low probabilities in subspaces in a data set. So, in a random subset of the data set, anomalies have higher probabilities of having zero appearances in the subspaces than normal instances. Based on this property, this thesis proposes a novel anomaly detection method called ZERO++ which employs the number of zero appearances in subspaces to detect anomalies. ZERO++ is the only anomaly detector based on zero appearances in subspaces, as far as we know. It is unique in that it works in regions of subspaces that are not occupied by data; whereas other methods work in regions occupied by data. Utilising the anti-monotone property: `if an instance has zero appearances in a subspace, it must also have zero appearances in subspaces containing this subspace', we show that only a small number of subspaces with low dimensionality needs to be considered to identify anomalies effectively. ZERO++ is an efficient algorithm with linear time complexity with respect to data size and data dimensionality, and it can work effectively in data sets with different types of attributes, and a low percentage of relevant attributes.
การศึกษาผลลัพธ์ทางสังคมกับทัศนคติต่อการทํางานร่วมกับคนพิการ: กรณีศึกษาที่เกิดจากการบังคับใช้มาตรา 33 ของพระราชบัญญัติส่งเสริมและ พัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตคนพิการ พ.ศ.2550 กับทัศนคติของพนักงาน มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ ศูนย์รังสิต
Creators: name: ชัญญา ปัญญากําพล
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2562
Subjects: การวัดผลกระทบของกฎหมาย, กฎหมายส่งเสริมคนพิการ, การวัดผลลัพธ์ทางสังคม

description: วารสารธรรมศาสตร์, 38, 1, 143-168
Focusing on Information Context for ITS using a Spatial Age of Information Model
Creators: name: Heinovski, Julian
name: Gómez, Jorge Torres
name: Dressler, Falko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: New technologies for sensing and communication act as enablers for cooperative driving applications. Sensors are able to detect objects in the surrounding environment and information such as their current location is exchanged among vehicles. In order to cope with the vehicles' mobility, such information is required to be as fresh as possible for proper operation of cooperative driving applications. The age of information (AoI) has been proposed as a metric for evaluating freshness of information; recently also within the context of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). We investigate mechanisms to reduce the AoI of data transported in form of beacon messages while controlling their emission rate. We aim to balance packet collision probability and beacon frequency using the average peak age of information (PAoI) as a metric. This metric, however, only accounts for the generation time of the data but not for application-specific aspects, such as the location of the transmitting vehicle. We thus propose a new way of interpreting the AoI by considering information context, thereby incorporating vehicles' locations. As an example, we characterize such importance using the orientation and the distance of the involved vehicles. In particular, we introduce a weighting coefficient used in combination with the PAoI to evaluate the information freshness, thus emphasizing on information from more important neighbors. We further design the beaconing approach in a way to meet a given AoI requirement, thus, saving resources on the wireless channel while keeping the AoI minimal. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in Manhattan-like urban scenarios, reaching pre-specified targets for the AoI of beacon messages.
Geometric properties of $φ$-uniform domains
Creators: name: Hästö, Peter
name: Klén, Riku
name: Sahoo, Swadesh Kumar
name: Vuorinen, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F45, 30C65, 30L05, 30L10

description: We consider proper subdomains $G$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and their images $G'=f(G)$ under quasiconformal mappings $f$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$. We compare the distance ratio metrics of $G$ and $G'$; as an application we show that $φ$-uniform domains are preserved under quasiconformal mappings of $\mathbb{R}^n$. A sufficient condition for $φ$-uniformity is obtained in terms of the quasi-symmetry condition. We give a geometric condition for uniformity: If $G\subset\mathbb{R}^n$ is $ϕ$-uniform and satisfies the twisted cone condition, then it is uniform. We also construct a planar $ϕ$-uniform domain whose complement is not $ψ$-uniform for any $ψ$.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Pediatric intestinal obstruction in Malawi: characteristics and outcomes
Creators: name: Msiska, Nelson
name: McLean, Sean E.
name: Shah, Mansi
name: Gallaher, Jared
name: Charles, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background Intestinal obstruction (IO) is a common pediatric surgical emergency in sub-Saharan Africa with high morbidity and mortality, but little is known about its etiopathogenesis in Malawi. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients seen from February 2012 to June 2014 at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi (n = 3,407). Pediatric patients with IO were analyzed (n = 130). Results Overall, 57% of patients were male with a mean age of 3.5 ± 4.1 years. A total of 52% of patients underwent operative intervention. The overall mortality rate was 3%. Leading causes of IO were Hirschprung's 29%, anorectal malformation 18%, and intussusception 4%. Neonates and patients with congenital causes of IO underwent surgery less frequently than infants and/or children and patients with acquired causes, respectively. These groups also demonstrated increased number of days from admission to surgery. Conclusions Increasing pediatric-specific surgical education and/or training and expanding access to resources may improve mortality after IO in poor medical communities within sub-Saharan Africa.
Short Term Mission: Application of spatial models to identify new environmental surveillance indicators of Salmonella and Campylobacter in pig and poultry
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Antonio
name: Poirier, Aurore
name: La Ragione, Roberto
name: Campling, Elaine
name: Armson, Bryony
name: Cantlay, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Short Term Missions (STMs) are small travel grants with the aim of sharing scientific expertise, methodologies, equipment and facilities to harmonise the existing approaches and methodologies within the large OHEJP network, and to drive the research forward in a collaborative and non-duplicative fashion to strengthen both the scientific capacity within the OHEJP and also future prevention, preparedness, detection and response of the EU to foodborne and other emerging threats across human-animal-environmental sectors.
The number of inpatient consultations is negatively correlated with patient satisfaction in patients with prolonged hospital stays
Creators: name: Winslow, Emily R.
name: Vang, Xia
name: Cherney Stafford, Linda M.
name: Lumpkin, Stephanie T.
name: Leverson, Glen E.
name: Holden, Sara E.
name: Schmocker, Ryan K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Patient satisfaction is often measured using the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) Survey. Our aim was to examine the structural and clinical determinants of satisfaction among inpatients with prolonged lengths of stays (LOS).
Mobile decision support system in emergency management at mass gatherings
Creators: name: Sandher, Abeer
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Australia and the world are facing major emergencies and challenges around their emergency management over the last few years. Globally people have witnessed natural disasters of earthquakes, tsunami, floods and hurricanes which have left everlasting damage to property and life. This exploratory research project applied the literature review to understand the current IT technology being used or is planned to be used in the future. This stage of research confirmed the needs for development of tools and technology to assist EM personnel and these organizations during large scale emergencies. A multiple case study approach with the aim of producing a snapshot analysis of the current EM processes and tools in Australia was conducted to link the results of the literature review and understand what the future vision for EM tools. The areas of interest were related to understanding of EM processes, EM tools currently being used, the way emergencies were managed; understand the redundancy plans, how the data integrity is maintained and what the future technology could look like in this field. The study also reviewed the frameworks and strategies and the main technologies used in this field. It touched on organization's/governments cultural aspects by addressing the issues and obstacles faced in efficient and effective EM. Through exploration of literature and interpretive case field work, this thesis proposed a framework for future EM research. This framework encompasses a theoretical understanding of EM, EM technology, challenges with current technology and future technology for EM through literature review and semi-structured case interviews of large EM organization's personnel. As the result, several key factors and obstacles towards EM IT tools implementation and usage were identified. Overall results highlighted a few IT areas for enhancements and what the future technology development could do for enhancing the emergency management field.
title: Conflict, livestock assets, nutrition and health in Nigeria
Creators: name: Fadare, Olusegun Ayodeji
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: There has been a growing interest in studying the impact of conflict on the well-being of affected populations, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria. Agricultural livelihoods are especially vulnerable during conflicts, and as the conflict in Nigeria has been ongoing, there is a need to develop evidence-based strategies that can help agricultural households build resilience and improve their livelihood outcomes. This study employs quantitative research methods to investigate the connection between livestock asset holdings, household nutrition, and health in the context of the Nigerian conflict. Three distinct research objectives were achieved using datasets from the Nigeria Living Standards Measurement Study and Armed Conflict Location and Event Data. These objectives are presented in individual chapters, which offer insights into the effects of conflict on livestock assets, nutrition and health, and the scope for building resilience to conflicts. In Chapter II, this study finds that exposure to conflict leads to a reduction in livestock herds and an increase in livestock diversification. The access to agricultural land plays a mitigating role in the negative impact of conflicts on livestock production. Chapter III shows evidence that farmer-herder conflicts have a significant impact on household consumption of animal�source foods, which can be mitigated through livestock diversification. Finally, Chapter IV investigates the association between conflict, livestock assets, and farmers’ mental health. The study highlights the critical role that livestock assets play in promoting the well-being of Nigerian households, regardless of whether they are in conflict or non-conflict situations. Also, while livestock assets are susceptible to conflict risk, they possess dynamic qualities that enable them to mitigate the harmful effects of conflict and aid in building resilience among households. Therefore, advancing conflict-sensitive livestock production practices and strategies is vital for enhancing food security, nutrition, and key health indicators in Nigeria.
Routing in Unit Disk Graphs
Creators: name: Kaplan, Haim
name: Mulzer, Wolfgang
name: Roditty, Liam
name: Seiferth, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let $S \subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a set of $n$ sites. The unit disk graph $\text{UD}(S)$ on $S$ has vertex set $S$ and an edge between two distinct sites $s,t \in S$ if and only if $s$ and $t$ have Euclidean distance $|st| \leq 1$. A routing scheme $R$ for $\text{UD}(S)$ assigns to each site $s \in S$ a label $\ell(s)$ and a routing table $ρ(s)$. For any two sites $s, t \in S$, the scheme $R$ must be able to route a packet from $s$ to $t$ in the following way: given a current site $r$ (initially, $r = s$), a header $h$ (initially empty), and the label $\ell(t)$ of the target, the scheme $R$ consults the routing table $ρ(r)$ to compute a neighbor $r'$ of $r$, a new header $h'$, and the label $\ell(t')$ of an intermediate target $t'$. (The label of the original target may be stored at the header $h'$.) The packet is then routed to $r'$, and the procedure is repeated until the packet reaches $t$. The resulting sequence of sites is called the routing path. The stretch of $R$ is the maximum ratio of the (Euclidean) length of the routing path produced by $R$ and the shortest path in $\text{UD}(S)$, over all pairs of distinct sites in $S$. For any given $\varepsilon > 0$, we show how to construct a routing scheme for $\text{UD}(S)$ with stretch $1+\varepsilon$ using labels of $O(\log n)$ bits and routing tables of $O(\varepsilon^{-5}\log^2 n \log^2 D)$ bits, where $D$ is the (Euclidean) diameter of $\text{UD}(S)$. The header size is $O(\log n \log D)$ bits.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures; a preliminary version appeared in LATIN 2016
Locoregional treatment of breast cancer in women with and without preoperative magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: DeMartini, Wendy
name: Weiss, Julie E.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Henderson, Louise
name: Virnig, Beth A.
name: Hubbard, Rebecca A.
name: Tosteson, Anna N.A.
name: Goodrich, Martha
name: Onega, Tracy
name: Ozanne, Elissa M.
name: O'Donoghue, Cristina
name: Buist, Diana S.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) use has increased among older women diagnosed with breast cancer. MRI detects additional malignancy, but its impact on locoregional surgery and radiation treatment remains unclear.
Tensor network variational optimizations for real-time dynamics: application to the time-evolution of spin liquids
Creators: name: Ponnaganti, Ravi Teja
name: Mambrini, Matthieu
name: Poilblanc, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the Projected Entangled Pair State (PEPS) tensor network formalism, a simple update (SU) method has been used to investigate the time evolution of a two-dimensional U(1) critical spin-1/2 spin liquid under Hamiltonian quench [Phys. Rev. B 106, 195132 (2022)]. Here we introduce two different variational frameworks to describe the time dynamics of SU(2)-symmetric translationally-invariant PEPS, aiming to improve the accuracy. In one approach, after using a Trotter-Suzuki decomposition of the time evolution operator in term of two-site elementary gates, one considers a single bond embedded in an environment approximated by a Corner Transfer Matrix Renormalization Group (CTMRG). A variational update of the two tensors on the bond is performed under the application of the elementary gate and then, after symmetrization of the site tensors, the environment is updated. In the second approach, a cluster optimization is performed on a finite (periodic) cluster, maximizing the overlap of the exact time-evolved state with a symmetric finite-size PEPS ansatz. Observables are then computed on the infinite lattice contracting the infinite-PEPS (iPEPS) by CTMRG. We show that the variational schemes outperform the SU method and remain accurate over a significant time interval before hitting the entanglement barrier. Studying the spectrum of the transfer matrix, we find that the asymptotic correlations are very well preserved under time evolution, including the critical nature of the singlet correlations, as expected from the Lieb-Robinson (LR) bound theorem. Consistently, the system (asymptotic) boundary is found to bedescribed by the same Conformal Field Theory of central charge c = 1 during time evolution. We also compute the time-evolution of the short distance spin-spin correlations and estimate the LR velocity.
description: Minor revisions have been implemented following the suggestions provided by the referees
Short Term Mission: Construction of dual labelled E. coli strains to study the effect of antibiotics and microbiota interventions on the horizontal transfer of ESBL genes in the in vitro chicken caecal microbiota
Creators: name: Cardenas Rey, Ingrid
name: Poirier, Aurore
name: La Ragione, Roberto
name: Campling, Elaine
name: Cantlay, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Short Term Missions (STMs) are small travel grants with the aim of sharing scientific expertise, methodologies, equipment and facilities to harmonise the existing approaches and methodologies within the large OHEJP network, and to drive the research forward in a collaborative and non-duplicative fashion to strengthen both the scientific capacity within the OHEJP and also future prevention, preparedness, detection and response of the EU to foodborne and other emerging threats across human-animal-environmental sectors.
Solving 3d Gravity with Virasoro TQFT
Creators: name: Collier, Scott
name: Eberhardt, Lorenz
name: Zhang, Mengyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a precise reformulation of 3d quantum gravity with negative cosmological constant in terms of a topological quantum field theory based on the quantization of the Teichmüller space of Riemann surfaces that we refer to as ``Virasoro TQFT.'' This TQFT is similar, but importantly not equivalent, to $\text{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ Chern-Simons theory. This sharpens the folklore that 3d gravity is related to $\text{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ Chern-Simons theory into a precise correspondence, and resolves some well-known issues with this lore at the quantum level. Our proposal is computationally very useful and provides a powerful tool for the further study of 3d gravity. In particular, we explain how together with standard TQFT surgery techniques this leads to a fully algorithmic procedure for the computation of the gravity partition function on a fixed topology exactly in the central charge. Mathematically, the relation leads to many nontrivial conjectures for hyperbolic 3-manifolds, Virasoro conformal blocks and crossing kernels.
description: 72 pages
Enhanced QoS centric backoff algorithm for wireless sensor network
Creators: name: Al-Mamun, Miraz
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the state-of-the-art technology to perform distributed processing of data and form a synergy to accomplish intended functions. It has evolved from WLAN, WMAN and WMN to leverage the advantage of micro-processing, mobility and ubiquity to perform tasks such as accessibility to hard-reach area, deployment in extreme conditions, collection of data in geographically diversified fields and so on, whereas other types of wireless network have got constraints. In a distributed node structure like WSN, one of the pivotal concerns of exchanging data is the ability to streamline data access in between the nodes when all the nodes demand for share of channel and avoid bottleneck and high-latency as much as possible. If the radio channel itself is spectrum constrained e.g. single-channel radio, the nodes must operate in a fashion to minimize the collision of accessing shared channel. This issue severely affects the network throughput when packets of different classes (e.g. audio, video, general data, network status and so on) are handled. In this scenario, random channel access mechanism enables the allocation of radio channel to the nodes and streamline the packet transfer. Existing random channel access mechanism makes the sender node to wait for a random period out of predefined waiting time window which is called backoff period, before acquiring the channel and avoid collision. But, this mechanism implements uniform distribution of selecting this random waiting time out of the backoff period. This causes the overlap of the selected time and results in collision. In our thesis work we propose, non-uniform probability distribution of selecting random waiting period. This method segments the whole backoff period in small time slots and augments the probability of sending data in a time slot following an exponential pattern as each of the previous time slots go silent (i.e. none of the senders contending does access the channel). This method gives fine grained control of the channel access and allows the mechanism to reflect Quality of Service (QoS) as the probability of accessing the channel can be optimized by custom parameters. Our proposed method has been tested by simulation environment in NS 2, one of the state-of-the-art network simulation environments. The tests results speak for themselves to show better latency, throughput and less collision.
Intracellular impedance measurements reveal non-ohmic properties of the extracellular medium around neurons
Creators: name: Gomes, Jean-Marie
name: Bedard, Claude
name: Valtcheva, Silvana
name: Nelson, Matthew
name: Khokhlova, Vitalia
name: Pouget, Pierre
name: Venance, Laurent
name: Bal, Thierry
name: Destexhe, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The electrical properties of extracellular space around neurons are important to understand the genesis of extracellular potentials, as well as for localizing neuronal activity from extracellular recordings. However, the exact nature of these extracellular properties is still uncertain. We introduce a method to measure the impedance of the tissue, and which preserves the intact cell-medium interface, using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in vivo and in vitro. We find that neural tissue has marked non-ohmic and frequency-filtering properties, which are not consistent with a resistive (ohmic) medium, as often assumed. In contrast, using traditional metal electrodes provides very different results, more consistent with a resistive medium. The amplitude and phase profiles of the measured impedance are consistent with the contribution of ionic diffusion. We also show that the impact of such frequency-filtering properties is possibly important on the genesis of local field potentials, as well as on the cable properties of neurons. The present results show non-ohmic properties of the extracellular medium around neurons, and suggest that source estimation methods, as well as the cable properties of neurons, which all assume ohmic extracellular medium, may need to be re-evaluated.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
title: Business plan for Oasis project
Creators: name: Makarevich, Nadezhda
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: User Interface (UI) Design Tools
subject: AI-driven Design Assistance
subject: No-code and Low-code Market
subject: Small Business and Developer Accessibility

description: This thesis explores the viability of launching Oasis, a novel User Interface (UI)design tool aimed at addressing the challenges faced by developers and small businesses with limited design expertise. Despite the availability of advanced designtools like Figma, there remains a significant gap in the market for a tool thatcombines simplicity, accessibility, and high-quality output. Oasis seeks to fill this gap by offering an intuitive platform equipped with features such as advanced theming, built-in dark mode support, and AI-driven design assistance.The central research question guiding this thesis is: What can a UI design tool like Oasis offer to differentiate itself in the competitive market of design tools, and whatis its business potential? This question encompasses both the technical and market aspects of the problem, aiming to determine whether Oasis can successfully enter and compete in a crowded field of design tools.The research analyzes the current landscape of UI design tools, identifying key market segments and competitors. It also assesses the business potential of Oasis by examining market size, customer profiles, and financial projections. The findings suggest that Oasis can differentiate itself in a competitive market through its userfriendly approach and comprehensive feature set, particularly appealing to solo entrepreneurs, freelancers, and small startups.Furthermore, the thesis presents a detailed roadmap for the development and marketing of Oasis, highlighting strategies to mitigate potential risks and capitalizeon emerging opportunities in the no-code/low-code market. Financial projections indicate that Oasis has the potential to achieve significant market penetration and profitability, especially within its targeted segments.This thesis concludes that Oasis is well-positioned to succeed as a unique and valuable addition to the UI design tool market, providing developers with the tools needed to create professional-grade designs without the steep learning curve associated with traditional design software.
Coulomb interactions and conventional superconductivity: when going beyond the random phase approximation is essential
Creators: name: Pellegrini, Camilla
name: Kukkonen, Carl
name: Sanna, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ab initio calculations of superconducting properties, the Coulomb repulsion is accounted for at the GW level and is usually computed in RPA, which amounts to neglecting vertex corrections both at the polarizability level and in the self-energy. Although this approach is unjustified, the brute force inclusion of higher order corrections to the self-energy is computationally prohibitive. We propose to use a generalized GW self-energy, where vertex corrections are incorporated into W by employing the Kukkonen and Overhauser (KO) ansatz for the effective interaction between two electrons in the electron gas. By computing the KO interaction in the adiabatic local density approximation for a diverse set of conventional superconductors, and using it in the Eliashberg equations, we find that vertex corrections lead to a systematic decrease of the critical temperature (Tc), ranging from a few percent in bulk lead to more than 40% in compressed lithium. We propose a set of simple rules to identify those systems where large Tc corrections are to be expected and hence the use of the KO interaction is recommended. Our approach offers a rigorous extension of the RPA and GW methods for the prediction of superconducting properties at a negligible extra computational cost.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Short Term Mission: Validation and exchange of modelling tools to assess the risk of human Salmonellosis based on environmental factors using multiple sources of data
Creators: name: Gonzalez Villeta, Laura
name: Poirier, Aurore
name: La Ragione, Roberto
name: Campling, Elaine
name: Armson, Bryony
name: Cantlay, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Short Term Missions (STMs) are small travel grants with the aim of sharing scientific expertise, methodologies, equipment and facilities to harmonise the existing approaches and methodologies within the large OHEJP network, and to drive the research forward in a collaborative and non-duplicative fashion to strengthen both the scientific capacity within the OHEJP and also future prevention, preparedness, detection and response of the EU to foodborne and other emerging threats across human-animal-environmental sectors.
Topography preserving Gaussian mixture models as cortical maps: applications of the generative topographic mapping and the elastic net
Creators: name: Cohen, Dror
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In this thesis two topography preserving Gaussian Mixture Models are used to model cortical maps. Two major novel contributions are presented; the application of the Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) to the formation of ocular dominance stripes and using the Elastic Net (EN) as a visual category representation. The applications are motivated by Marr's computational framework in that the contributions correspond to different levels of abstraction. Firstly, motivated by theoretical and experimental comparisons of the GTM and EN, the GTM is applied for the formation of ocular dominance stripes. Simulations are presented that demonstrate that the GTM can indeed produce realistic looking patterns in some instances, though careful parameter selection is required. In addition the GTM exhibits properties that the EN does not, such as twisting and 'hyper sensitivity'. Consequently it is proposed that further mathematical investigation may relate the neuronal interoprability of the GTM to that of the EN. In the second application the EN is used to model population of neurons in higher level processing that are postulated to code visual categories. Using the EN visualisations are presented that allow some novel insights. Motivated by the ability of the EN to capture 'high level' concepts a novel visual categorisation scheme is suggested. The proposed system is evaluated on the Caltech101 data set and shows good performance. A number of interesting future directions that pertain to both artificial and biological vision are suggested.
Centrality Fingerprints for Power Grid Network Growth Models
Creators: name: Gurfinkel, Aleks Jacob
name: Silva, Daniel A.
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous work, we have shown that many of the properties of the Florida power grid are reproduced by deterministic network growth models based on the minimization of energy dissipation $E_\mathrm{diss}$. As there is no $a~ priori$ best $E_\mathrm{diss}$ minimizing growth model, we here present a tool, called the "centrality fingerprint," for probing the behavior of different growth models. The centrality fingerprints are comparisons of the current flow into/out of the network with the values of various centrality measures calculated at every step of the growth process. Finally, we discuss applications to the Maryland power grid.
Performance tuning for high performance computing systems
Creators: name: Pahuja, Himanshu
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A Distributed System is composed by integration between loosely coupled software components and the underlying hardware resources that can be distributed over the standard internet framework. High Performance Computing used to involve utilization of supercomputers which could churn a lot of computing power to process massively complex computational tasks, but is now evolving across distributed systems, thereby having the ability to utilize geographically distributed computing resources. We often do not realize that today, we unknowingly are dependent on one or the other distributed high performance computing systems. With the world progressing towards paradigms such as cloud computing, installing software and buying high end computing systems will be a thing of the past, with everything being accessible through the internet. So much dependent on such systems will ensure their quick growth and the amount of resources under these systems will increase drastically in count as well. We are though not ready for such a development, mainly because the domain of resource utilization still lacks some control for the user and the system developer as well. This thesis therefore explores the specific domain of resource utilization across a computing grid and highlights a key aspect of resource allocation. We also describe a performance tuning application that validates our proposed hypothesis by highlighting the amount of resource savings that can be achieved if such an optimization is incorporated.
Absence of Association Between Sickle Trait Hemoglobin and Placental Malaria Outcomes
Creators: name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Ter Kuile, Feiko O.
name: Taylor, Steve M.
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Kalilani, Linda
name: Patel, Jaymin C.
name: Thwai, Kyaw L.
name: Khairallah, Carole
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Heterozygous hemoglobin S (HbAS), or sickle trait, protects children from life-threatening falciparum malaria, potentially by attenuating binding of Plasmodium-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) to extracellular ligands. Such binding is central to the pathogenesis of placental malaria (PM). We hypothesized that HbAS would be associated with reduced risks of PM and low birth weight (LBW). We tested this hypothesis in 850 delivering women in southern Malawi. Parasites were detected by polymerase chain reaction in placental and peripheral blood, and placentae were scored histologically for PM. The prevalence of HbAS was 3.7%, and 11.2% of infants were LBW (< 2,500 g). The prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum was 12.7% in placental and 8.5% in peripheral blood; 24.4% of placentae demonstrated histological evidence of P. falciparum. HbAS was not associated with reduced prevalence of P. falciparum in placental (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–3.23, P = 0.61) or peripheral blood (OR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.08–2.54, P = 0.03), prevalence of histological PM (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.40–2.34, P = 0.95), or prevalence of LBW (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.24–2.73, P = 0.74). Mean (standard deviation) birth weights of infants born to HbAS (2,947 g [563]) and, homozygous hemoglobin A (2,991 g [465]) mothers were similar. Across a range of parasitologic, clinical, and histologic outcomes, HbAS did not confer protection from PM or its adverse effects.
Fractionalization paves the way to local projector embeddings of quantum many-body scars
Creators: name: Omiya, Keita
name: Müller, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many systems that host exact quantum many-body scars (towers of energy-equidistant low entanglement eigenstates) are governed by a Hamiltonian that splits into a Zeeman term and a sum of local terms that annihilate the scar subspace. We show that this unifying structure also applies to models, such as the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) model or the PXP model of Rydberg-blockaded atoms, that were previously believed to evade this characterisation. To fit these models within the local annihilator framework we need to fractionalize their degrees of freedom and enlarge the associated Hilbert space. The embedding of the original system in a larger space elucidates the structure of their scar states and simplifies their construction, revealing close analogies with lattice gauge theories.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Simultaneous Observation of Solar Neutrons from the ISS and High Mountain Observatories in association with a flare on July 8, 2014
Creators: name: Muraki, Y.
name: Lopez, D.
name: Koga, K.
name: Kakimoto, F.
name: Goka, T.
name: Gonzalez, L. X.
name: Masuda, S.
name: Matsubara, Y.
name: Matsumoto, H.
name: Miranda, P.
name: Okudaira, O.
name: Obara, T.
name: Salinas, J.
name: Sako, T.
name: Shibata, S.
name: Ticona, R.
name: Tsunesada, Y.
name: Valdes-Galicia, J. F.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Yamamoto, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An M6.5-class flare was observed at N12E56 of the solar surface at 16:06 UT on July 8, 2014. In association with this flare, solar neutron detectors located on two high mountains, Mt. Sierra Negra and Chacaltaya and at the space station observed enhancements in the neutral channel. The authors analysed these data and a possible scenario of enhancements produced by high-energy protons and neutrons is proposed, using the data from continuous observation of a solar surface by the ultraviolet telescope onboard the Solar Dynamical Observatory (SDO).
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, and 2 Tables. Proceeding of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference in Hague in August, 2015
Enhanced polyphonic music genre classification using high level features
Creators: name: Foroughmand Arabi, Arash
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The task of classifying the genre of polyphonic music signals is traditionally done using only low level features of the signal. It has been suggested in the literature that high level musical features are also good source of information on music genre. In this thesis high level features have been applied to improve and enhance the task of music genre classification. Features that capture high level conceptual harmonic, pitch, and rhythmic contents of the music are proposed to be used in conjunction with low level features to increase the classification accuracy of polyphonic music signal genre classification techniques. In this thesis chord, chord progression, and beat features are used in conjunction with timbral features to improve the music genre classification methods. Since chord and chord progressions are perceptual concepts and differ from timbral and beat features in nature, they cannot be directly integrated with each other. Therefore specific techniques have been developed in this thesis to capture the high level information of chord and chord progressions into feature vectors so they can be integrated with beat and timbral features. To capture chord information, a statistical chord feature vector is proposed. And to capture chord progression information, a technique called Chord Mining is developed. In this technique, chord progression content of the songs are manifested in genre probability descriptors calculated using a pattern matching algorithm. Our proposed method provides an improvement of 12.4% in the classification results over a commonly compared technique.
Association Between Schistosoma haematobium Exposure and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Females in Mozambique
Creators: name: Brodish, Paul Henry
name: Singh, Kavita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Recent evidence suggests an association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. Women with FGS have increased numbers of HIV target cells and cell receptors in genital and blood compartments, potentially increasing the risk of HIV transmission per sexual exposure, and the association may explain the high female:male ratio of HIV prevalence unique to sub-Saharan Africa. We investigate this association in Mozambique by linking two georeferenced, high-quality secondary data sources on HIV prevalence and Schistosoma haematobium: the AIDS Indicator Survey, and the Global Neglected Tropical Diseases (GNTD) open-source database, respectively. We construct a schistosomiasis exposure covariate indicating women reporting “unimproved” daily drinking water sources and living no more than 2–5 km from high-endemic global positioning system (GPS) coordinates in the GNTD. In logistic regression analyses predicting HIV-positive status, we show that exposure increases the odds of HIV-positive status by three times, controlling for demographic and sexual risk factors.
Twisting $L^2$-invariants with finite-dimensional representations
Creators: name: Lueck, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q10, 58J52, 22D25

description: We investigate how one can twist L^2-invariants such as L^2-Betti numbers and L^2-torsion with finite-dimensional representations. As a special case we assign to the universal covering of a finite connected CW-complex X together with an element phi in H^1(X;R) a phi-twisted L^2-torsion function from R^{>0} to R, provided that the fundamental group of X is residually finite and its universal covering is L^2-acyclic.
description: 77 pages, final version, to appear in Journal of Topology and Analysis
A Chern-Simons theory for dipole symmetry
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaoyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present effective field theories for dipole symmetric topological matters that can be described by the Chern-Simons theory. Unlike most studies using higher-rank gauge theory, we develop a framework with both U(1) and dipole gauge fields. As a result, only the highest multipole symmetry can support the 't Hooft anomaly. We show that with appropriate point group symmetries, the dipolar Chern-Simons theory can exist in any dimension and, moreover, the bulk-edge correspondence can depend on the boundary. As two applications, we draw an analogy between the dipole anomaly and the torsional anomaly and generalize particle-vortex duality to dipole phase transitions. All of the above are in the flat spacetime limit, but our framework is able to systematically couple dipole symmetry to curved spacetime. Based on that, we give a proposal about anomalous dipole hydrodynamics. Moreover, we show that the fracton-elasticity duality arises naturally from a non-abelian Chern-Simons theory in 3D.
description: 16 + 1 pages; typos corrected, references added
Mobile assisted language learning and its impact on student motivation and acquisition
Creators: name: Askraba, Vedran
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This study examined previous works relating to Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL), outlined hypotheses it deemed logical, and examined their validity by evaluating the participation and experience of two groups of students; MALL and CALL. In order to achieve this objective, the Monash MALL System was built for the purpose of facilitating the two groups’ studies via their respective mediums (mobile phones and computers). The MALL students participated in a six week exercise program via the use of their mobile phones and SMS technology, while the CALL students participated in the same program via the use of their personal computers. The system was also built with the functionalities to serve tests and questionnaires, which were used in this study to retrieve students’ feedback as well as student retention scores after the study’s completion.
Edge ideals and DG algebra resolutions
Creators: name: Boocher, Adam
name: D'Alì, Alessio
name: Grifo, Eloísa
name: Montaño, Jonathan
name: Sammartano, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 16E45, Secondary: 16S37, 13D02, 05C38

description: Let $R= S/I$ where $S=k[T_1, \ldots, T_n]$ and $I$ is a homogeneous ideal in $S$. The acyclic closure $R \langle Y \rangle $ of $k$ over $R$ is a DG algebra resolution obtained by means of Tate's process of adjoining variables to kill cycles. In a similar way one can obtain the minimal model $S[X]$, a DG algebra resolution of $R$ over $S$. By a theorem of Avramov there is a tight connection between these two resolutions. In this paper we study these two resolutions when $I$ is the edge ideal of a path or a cycle. We determine the behavior of the deviations $\varepsilon_i(R)$, which are the number of variables in $R\langle Y \rangle$ in homological degree $i$. We apply our results to the study of the $k$-algebra structure of the Koszul homology of $R$.
Training in Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anaesthesia: A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Kozman, Nadim
name: Jones, Helen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Education

description: The objective of this scoping review is to explore and describe the current extent of the literature on teaching and education in the field of ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia (UGRA).