cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimized regulator for the quantized anharmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Kovacs, J.
name: Nagy, S.
name: Sailer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy gap between the first excited state and the ground state is calculated for the quantized anharmonic oscillator in the framework of the functional renormalization group method. The compactly supported smooth regulator is used which includes various types of regulators as limiting cases. It was found that the value of the energy gap depends on the regulator parameters. We argue that the optimization based on the disappearance of the false, broken symmetric phase of the model leads to the Litim's regulator. The least sensitivity on the regulator parameters leads however to an IR regulator being somewhat different of the Litim's one, but it can be described as a perturbatively improved, or generalized Litim's regulator and provides analytic evolution equations, too.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Toward fits to scaling-like data, but with inflection points & generalized Lavalette function
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental and empirical data are often analyzed on log-log plots in order to find some scaling argument for the observed/examined phenomenon at hands, in particular for rank-size rule research, but also in critical phenomena in thermodynamics, and in fractal geometry. The fit to a straight line on such plots is not always satisfactory. Deviations occur at low, intermediate and high regimes along the log($x$)-axis. Several improvements of the mere power law fit are discussed, in particular through a Mandelbrot trick at low rank and a Lavalette power law cut-off at high rank. In so doing, the number of free parameters increases. Their meaning is discussed, up to the 5 parameter free super-generalized Lavalette law and the 7-parameter free hyper-generalized Lavalette law. It is emphasized that the interest of the basic 2-parameter free Lavalette law and the subsequent generalizations resides in its "noid" (or sigmoid, depending on the sign of the exponents) form on a semi-log plot; something incapable to be found in other empirical law, like the Zipf-Pareto-Mandelbrot law. It remained for completeness to invent a simple law showing an inflection point on a \underline{log-log plot}. Such a law can result from a transformation of the Lavalette law through $x$ $\rightarrow$ log($x$), but this meaning is theoretically unclear. However, a simple linear combination of two basic Lavalette law is shown to provide the requested feature. Generalizations taking into account two super-generalized or hyper-generalized Lavalette laws are suggested, but need to be fully considered at fit time on appropriate data.
description: 31 pages, 38 references, 22 figures, prepared for Journal of Applied Quantitative Methods
Introduction: The Long-run Impact of New Caledonia’s Noumea Accord
Creators: name: Fraenkel, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 169999 Studies in Human Society not elsewhere classified
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: No description supplied
Bronze Age occupation and Saxon features at the Wolverton Turn enclosure, near Stony Stratford, Milton Keynes: Investigations by Tim Schadla-Hall, Philip Carstairs, Jo Lawson, Hugh Beamish, Andrew Hunn, Ben Ford and Tess Durden 1972 to 1994.
Creators: name: Preston, Steve
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Records of Buckinghamshire, 47 (1), 81-117
The starbursts in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Negueruela, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-mass stars are major players in the chemical and dynamical evolution of galaxies, and young massive clusters are the natural laboratories to study their evolution and their impact on star formation processes. Only in recent years have we become aware of the existence of numerous massive (M_cl > 10000M_sun) clusters in our Galaxy. Here I give a review, rather biased towards my own research interests, of the observational and theoretical efforts that have led to a description of their properties, and present an overview of the two (perhaps three) starburst regions known outside the Galactic Centre neighbourhood: the Scutum Complex, its putative counterpart on the far side of the Long Bar, and the starburst cluster Westerlund 1.
description: Invited review to appear in proceedings of "Massive Young Star Clusters Near and Far: From the Milky Way to Reionization", 2013 Guillermo Haro Conference, Eds. Y. D. Mayya, D. Rosa-Gonzalez & E. Terlevich, INAOE and AMC, Puebla (2014)
Foreshocks and b-value: bridging macroscopic observations to source mechanical considerations
Creators: name: Avlonitis, Markos
name: Papadopoulos, Gerasimos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spring-block models, such as the Olami-Feder-Christensen (OFC) model, were introduced several years ago to describe earthquake dynamics in the context of selforganized criticality. With the aim to address the dependency of the seismicity style on sources material properties we present an analytical enrichment of a 2D OFC model. We concluded with an analytical expression which introduces, through an appropriate constitutive equation, an effective dissipation parameter a related analytically not only with the elastic properties of the fault plane, but also with stochastic structural heterogeneities and structural processes of the source through a gradient coefficient. Moreover, within the proposed formulation the low b-values experimentally observed in foreshock sequences can be modeled by a process of material softening in the seismogenic volume. To check our analytical findings a cellular automaton was build-up whereas simulation results have verified models predictions for the evolution of b in macroscopic records.
Engineered heart tissues to investigate the role of mechanical loading and injury in cardiomyocyte proliferation
Creators: name: Ciucci, Giulio
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2021

description: Myocardial infarction is one of the most severe acute pathologies of the cardiovascular system. The adult mammalian heart is indeed unable to regenerate most of the lost cardiomyocytes (CMs) after cardiac injury. The loss of cardiomyocytes and the myocardial scarring after myocardial infarction eventually compromise contractility of the remaining myocardium, leading to heart failure. Therefore, promoting heart regeneration is one of the most crucial therapeutic targets in cardiovascular medicine. The lack of regenerative response is due to the loss of proliferative capacity of adult CMs which in mice occurs seven days after birth. One of the events which occur at birth in neonatal hearts is a sudden increase in mechanical loading that may contribute to switching mammal CMs phenotype from neonatal proliferative to adult postmitotic. Therefore, understanding the role of mechanotransduction in regulating the balance between CM proliferation and maturation may bring us to the identification of unknown mediators and new potential strategies to induce cardiac regeneration. Regulation of mechanical load in bi-dimensional cultures of CMs can be achieved in different ways, however, the poor degree of CM maturation that can be reached in a culture dish together with the lack of a tridimensional structure represent a major limitation to performing mechanotransduction studies. In our work we developed a novel system to study mechanotransduction of CMs based on 3D culture of cardiac cells, called engineered heart tissues (EHTs), that allow us to reduce or increase mechanical loading easily. We show that the three-dimensional setting of the culture leads to an improvement of CM maturation that may be reversed by mechanical unloading inducing cell proliferation. On the other hand, a persisting overload stimulus eventually induces CM switch to a more mature phenotype with a low degree of proliferation. Also, we have focused our work on developing an EHT-based model able to recapitulate the adult infarct injury in order to investigate the biology of cardiac regeneration in this setting. Specifically, we set up a cryoinjury protocol that is relatively easy and reproducible. Cryoinjury produces a localized injury without compromising EHT?s structural integrity. Indeed, all the EHTs subjected to cryoinjury preserved their contractile activity and did not show any significant change in shape. Considering that EHTs are unpurified cardiac culture rich in fibroblast and endothelial cells, we observed that cryoinjury induce fibroblast proliferation and activation together with a lack of proliferative response of the cardiomyocytes which is, on the other hand, present in the early phase of EHT?s development, similarly to what has been shown in mice and rats after myocardial infarction, highlighting the robustness of our cryoinjury approach as a model to investigate cardiac regeneration.
Local depth functions and applications to clustering
Creators: name: Francisci, Giacomo
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2022

description: Local depth functions (LDFs) are used for describing the local geometric features and mode(s) in multidimensional distributions. In this thesis, we undertake a rigorous systematic study of LDFs and establish several analytical and statistical properties. First, we show that, when the underlying probability distribution is absolutely continuous, scaled versions of LDFs (referred to as ?-approximation) converge, uniformly and in L^q, to the density, when ? converges to zero. Second, we establish that, as the sample size diverges to infinity the centered and scaled sample LDFs converge in distribution to a centered Gaussian process uniformly in the space of bounded functions on H_G, a class of functions yielding LDFs. Third, using the sample version of the ?-approximation and the gradient system analysis, we develop a new clustering algorithm. The validity of this algorithm requires several results concerning the uniform finite difference approximation of the gradient system associated with the sample ?-approximation. For this reason, we establish a Bernstein-type inequality for deviations between the centered and scaled sample LDFs. Finally, invoking the above results, we establish consistency of the clustering algorithm. Applications of the proposed methods to mode estimation and upper level set estimation are also provided.
Persistent memory in athermal systems in deformable energy landscapes
Creators: name: Fiocco, D.
name: Foffi, G.
name: Sastry, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that memory can be encoded in a model amorphous solid subjected to athermal oscillatory shear deformations, and in an analogous spin model with disordered interactions, sharing the feature of a deformable energy landscape. When these systems are subjected to oscillatory shear deformation, they retain memory of the deformation amplitude imposed in the training phase, when the amplitude is below a "localization" threshold. Remarkably, multiple, persistent, memories can be stored using such an athermal, noise-free, protocol. The possibility of such memory is shown to be linked to the presence of plastic deformations and associated limit cycles traversed by the system, which exhibit avalanche statistics also seen in related contexts.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Prisoners of a distant past? Linguistic diversity and the time-depth of human settlement in Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Fraenkel, Jonathan
name: Filer, C
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Economics

description: Papua New Guinea (PNG) is the most linguistically diverse nation on the planet, but also one of the world's least developed countries. What accounts for that heterogeneity? Can this explain weak development outcomes, or do other factors – such as geographical constraints or historical legacies – play the more significant role? For this paper, we assembled a unique database showing the extent of linguistic diversity in PNG's 85 rural districts in order to investigate its impact on human development (measured using child mortality and school attendance). We find some evidence of a relationship between linguistic diversity and development, but a careful reading of PNG's history suggests that it would be mistaken to interpret this as evidence of heterogeneity impeding development. Whereas some economists see linguistic diversity as having a linear relationship with the time-distance since human settlement, we argue that shifting crop cultivation technologies, warfare, disease and environmental convulsions – in tandem with time-depth – offer the better explanation. We also test and reject the fashionable hypothesis that ‘pre-colonial hierarchy’ has a strong and enduring influence over contemporary development outcomes.
An Operational Interpretation of Negative Probabilities and No-Signalling Models
Creators: name: Abramsky, Samson
name: Brandenburger, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Negative probabilities have long been discussed in connection with the foundations of quantum mechanics. We have recently shown that, if signed measures are allowed on the hidden variables, the class of probability models which can be captured by local hidden-variable models are exactly the no-signalling models. However, the question remains of how negative probabilities are to be interpreted. In this paper, we present an operational interpretation of negative probabilities as arising from standard probabilities on signed events. This leads, by virtue of our previous result, to a systematic scheme for simulating arbitrary no-signalling models.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Optomechanical atom-cavity interaction in the sub-recoil regime
Creators: name: Keßler, H
name: Klinder, J
name: Wolke, M
name: Hemmerich, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the optomechanical interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate with a single longitudinal mode of an ultra-high finesse standing wave optical resonator. As a unique feature the resonator combines three extreme regimes, previously not realized together, i.e., strong cooperative coupling, cavity dominated scattering with a Purcell factor far above unity, and sub-recoil resolution provided by a cavity damping rate smaller than four times the single photon recoil frequency. We present experimental observations in good agreement with a two-mode model predicting highly non-linear dynamics with signatures as bistability, hysteresis, persistent oscillations, and superradiant back-scattering instabilities.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Spontaneous Layer-Pseudospin Domain Walls in Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Li, Xiao
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Niu, Qian
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bilayer graphene is susceptible to a family of unusual broken symmetry states with spin and valley dependent layer polarization. We report on a microscopic study of the domain walls in these systems, demonstrating that they have interesting microscopic structures related to order-induced topological characters. We use our results to estimate Ginzburg-Landau model parameters and transition temperatures for the ordered states of bilayer graphene.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Scaling limits of periodic monopoles
Creators: name: Maldonado, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this note is to explore the structure of singly periodic monopoles for different values of the size to period ratio. The transition between a chain of small monopoles and the approximately two dimensional chain of large monopoles takes us through a region with an unintuitive dependence on the periodic direction. The focus is mainly on the smooth SU(2) monopole of charge 2.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Differential Privacy: An Economic Method for Choosing Epsilon
Creators: name: Hsu, Justin
name: Gaboardi, Marco
name: Haeberlen, Andreas
name: Khanna, Sanjeev
name: Narayan, Arjun
name: Pierce, Benjamin C.
name: Roth, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differential privacy is becoming a gold standard for privacy research; it offers a guaranteed bound on loss of privacy due to release of query results, even under worst-case assumptions. The theory of differential privacy is an active research area, and there are now differentially private algorithms for a wide range of interesting problems. However, the question of when differential privacy works in practice has received relatively little attention. In particular, there is still no rigorous method for choosing the key parameter $ε$, which controls the crucial tradeoff between the strength of the privacy guarantee and the accuracy of the published results. In this paper, we examine the role that these parameters play in concrete applications, identifying the key questions that must be addressed when choosing specific values. This choice requires balancing the interests of two different parties: the data analyst and the prospective participant, who must decide whether to allow their data to be included in the analysis. We propose a simple model that expresses this balance as formulas over a handful of parameters, and we use our model to choose $ε$ on a series of simple statistical studies. We also explore a surprising insight: in some circumstances, a differentially private study can be more accurate than a non-private study for the same cost, under our model. Finally, we discuss the simplifying assumptions in our model and outline a research agenda for possible refinements.
Influence of Chemisorbed Oxygen on the Growth of Graphene on Cu(100) by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Robinson, Zachary R.
name: Ong, Eng Wen
name: Mowll, Tyler R.
name: Tyagi, Parul
name: Gaskill, D. Kurt
name: Geisler, Heike
name: Ventrice, Carl A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the influence that copper substrate surface symmetry and oxygen impurities have on the growth of graphene by chemical vapor deposition is important for developing techniques for producing high quality graphene. Therefore, we have studied the growth of graphene by catalytic decomposition of ethylene in an ultra-high vacuum chamber on both a clean Cu(100) surface and a Cu(100) surface pre-dosed with a layer of chemisorbed oxygen. The crystal structure of the graphene films was characterized with \emph{in-situ} low energy electron diffraction. By heating the clean Cu(100) substrate from room temperature to the growth temperature in ethylene, epitaxial graphene films were formed. The crystal quality was found to depend strongly on the growth temperature. At 900 $^\circ$C, well-ordered two-domain graphene films were formed. Pre-dosing the Cu(100) surface with a chemisorbed layer of oxygen before graphene growth was found to adversely affect the crystal quality of the graphene overlayer by inducing a much higher degree of rotational disorder of the graphene grains with respect to the Cu(100) substrate. The growth morphology of the graphene islands during the initial stages of nucleation was monitored with \emph{ex-situ} scanning electron microscopy. The nucleation rate of the graphene islands was observed to drop by an order of magnitude by pre-dosing the Cu(100) surface with a chemisorbed oxygen layer before growth. This reduction in nucleation rate results in the formation of much larger graphene islands. Therefore, the presence of oxygen during graphene growth affects both the relative orientation and average size of grains within the films grown on Cu(100) substrates.
An ultracold low emittance electron source
Creators: name: Xia, G.
name: Harvey, M.
name: Murray, A. J.
name: Bellan, L.
name: Bertsche, W.
name: Appleby, R. B.
name: Mete, O.
name: Chattopadhyay, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold atom-based electron sources have recently been proposed as an alternative to the conventional photo-injectors or thermionic electron guns widely used in modern particle accelerators. The advantages of ultracold atom-based electron sources lie in the fact that the electrons extracted from the plasma (created from near threshold photo-ionization of ultracold atoms) have a very low temperature, i.e. down to tens of Kelvin. Extraction of these electrons has the potential for producing very low emittance electron bunches. These features are crucial for the next generation of particle accelerators, including free electron lasers, plasma-based accelerators and future linear colliders. The source also has many potential direct applications, including ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) and electron microscopy, due to its intrinsically high coherence. In this paper, the basic mechanism of ultracold electron beam production is discussed and our new research facility for an ultracold, low emittance electron source is introduced. This source is based on a novel alternating current Magneto-Optical Trap (the AC-MOT). Detailed simulations for a proposed extraction system have shown that for a 1 pC bunch charge, a beam emittance of 0.35 mm mrad is obtainable, with a bunch length of 3 mm and energy spread 1 %.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Journal of Instrumentation in 2014
Determining the Impact of Active Ingredients on Sunscreen UV Resistance
Creators: name: Chan, Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancer
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

description: In our continued efforts to eradicate skin cancer and other photodamaging effects caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, sunscreening agents have become our primary defense. However, despite the undeniable benefits of sunscreen, concerns have been raised due to the carcinogenic properties of several of their common active ingredients. Additionally, previous research has shown the unreliability of using sun protection factor (SPF) as a measure of sunscreen photoprotective ability. Given these considerations, this study set out to determine the impact different active ingredients would have on sunscreen UV resistance. It was hypothesized that the active ingredients’ UV absorbance spectrum would provide a better predictor of sunscreen photoprotection than SPF. In this report, three different sunscreens were chosen – one with titanium dioxide, one with benzophenone derivatives, and one with salicylates – to provide a broad range of tested sunscreens. Due to their similarity with human DNA, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured and used as a model system for these experiments. By comparing the percentage decrease of live cells protected with sunscreen relative to a control (i.e. no exposure to UV radiation), it was found that a titanium dioxide-based sunscreen was the most effective. Notably, all three sunscreens tested had an SPF 50, yet yielded different results in photoprotective ability.
Viscosity-Induced Crossing of the Phantom Divide in the Dark Cosmic Fluid
Creators: name: Brevik, Iver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Choosing various natural forms for the equation-of-state parameter w and the bulk viscosity ζ, we discuss how it is possible for a dark energy fluid to slide from the quintessence region across the divide w=-1 into the phantom region, and thus into a Big Rip future singularity. Different analytic forms for ζ, as powers of the scalar expansion, are suggested and compared with experiments.
description: 11 pages latex, no figures
Determining the Impact of Active Ingredients on Sunscreen UV Resistance.pdf
Creators: name: Chan, Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancer
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

description: In our continued efforts to eradicate skin cancer and other photodamaging effects caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, sunscreening agents have become our primary defense. However, despite the undeniable benefits of sunscreen, concerns have been raised due to the carcinogenic properties of several of their common active ingredients. Additionally, previous research has shown the unreliability of using sun protection factor (SPF) as a measure of sunscreen photoprotective ability. Given these considerations, this study set out to determine the impact different active ingredients would have on sunscreen UV resistance. It was hypothesized that the active ingredients’ UV absorbance spectrum would provide a better predictor of sunscreen photoprotection than SPF. In this report, three different sunscreens were chosen – one with titanium dioxide, one with benzophenone derivatives, and one with salicylates – to provide a broad range of tested sunscreens. Due to their similarity with human DNA, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured and used as a model system for these experiments. By comparing the percentage decrease of live cells protected with sunscreen relative to a control (i.e. no exposure to UV radiation), it was found that a titanium dioxide-based sunscreen was the most effective. Notably, all three sunscreens tested had an SPF 50, yet yielded different results in photoprotective ability.
Adaptive-Sparse Polynomial Dimensional Decomposition Methods for High-Dimensional Stochastic Computing
Creators: name: Yadav, Vaibhav
name: Rahman, Sharif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A63, 41A99, 26B99, 65G99, 65C60

description: This article presents two novel adaptive-sparse polynomial dimensional decomposition (PDD) methods for solving high-dimensional uncertainty quantification problems in computational science and engineering. The methods entail global sensitivity analysis for retaining important PDD component functions, and a full- or sparse-grid dimension-reduction integration or quasi Monte Carlo simulation for estimating the PDD expansion coefficients. A unified algorithm, endowed with two distinct ranking schemes for grading component functions, was created for their numerical implementation. The fully adaptive-sparse PDD method is comprehensive and rigorous, leading to the second-moment statistics of a stochastic response that converges to the exact solution when the tolerances vanish. A partially adaptive-sparse PDD method, obtained through regulated adaptivity and sparsity, is economical and is, therefore, expected to solve practical problems with numerous variables. Compared with past developments, the adaptive-sparse PDD methods do not require its truncation parameter(s) to be assigned \emph{a priori} or arbitrarily. The numerical results reveal that an adaptive-sparse PDD method achieves a desired level of accuracy with considerably fewer coefficients compared with existing PDD approximations. For a required accuracy in calculating the probabilistic response characteristics, the new bivariate adaptive-sparse PDD method is more efficient than the existing bivariately truncated PDD method by almost an order of magnitude. Finally, stochastic dynamic analysis of a disk brake system was performed, demonstrating the ability of the new methods to tackle practical engineering problems.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures; accepted Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2014
Writing the Ethnographic Story: Constructing Narratives out of Narratives
Creators: name: Bonisch-Brednich, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200599 Literary Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In this article, I analyse the ways in which ethnographers are sampling and constructing stories, how they listen, what they are hearing, and how they do stories. In short, it is asking how the fieldwork process of listening is turned into read ethnography. It retraces the various steps that are taken to transform fieldwork- infused narratives into refined ethnographic storytelling for academic audiences. I argue that, by neglecting continuously to review this space, anthropology and its related disciplines will continue to struggle to define their place in the canon of the social sciences and humanities. The ethnographer as author and as storyteller is very much at the heart of crafting the act of storytelling. The everevolving refinement of our methods towards narrative ethnography is in constant tension with our need and desire to be taken seriously as a social science; hencethe production of ethnography is still overshadowed by the demand - imagined or real - to adhere to approved methods of production defined by methodologies of accountability.
Collective behavior of viscoelastic asperities as a model for static and kinetic friction
Creators: name: Hulikal, Srivatsan
name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
name: Lapusta, Nadia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a statistical model for static and sliding friction between rough surfaces. Approximating the contact between rough surfaces by the contact of an ensemble of one-dimensional viscoelastic elements with a rough rigid surface, we study the collective behavior of the elements. We find that collective response of the contacts can lead to macroscopic behavior very different from the microscopic behavior. Specifically, various observed features of friction emerge as collective phenomena, without postulating them directly at the microscale. We discuss how parameters in our model can be related to material and surface properties of the contacting surfaces. We compare our results to commonly used rate and state phenomenological models, and propose a new interpretation of the state variable.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures
Modelling of three dimensional equilibrium and stability of MAST plasmas with magnetic perturbations using VMEC and COBRA
Creators: name: Ham, C J
name: Chapman, I T
name: Kirk, A
name: Saarelma, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that magnetic perturbations can mitigate edge localized modes (ELMs) in experiments, for example MAST (Kirk et al 2013 Nucl. Fusion 53 043007). One hypothesis is that the magnetic perturbations cause a three dimensional corrugation of the plasma and this corrugated plasma has different stability properties to peeling-ballooning modes compared to an axisymmetric plasma. It has been shown in an up-down symmetric plasma that magnetic perturbations in tokamaks will break the usual axisymmetry of the plasma causing three dimensional displacements (Chapman et al 2012 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 54 105013). We produce a free boundary three-dimensional equilibrium of a lower single null MAST relevant plasma using VMEC (S P Hirshman and J C Whitson 1983 Phys. Fluids 26 3553). The current and pressure profiles used for the modelling are similar to those deduced from axisymmetric analysis of experimental data with ELMs. We focus on the effect of applying $n=3$ and $n=6$ magnetic perturbations using the RMP coils. A midplane displacement of over $\pm 1$ cm is seen when the full current is applied. The current in the coils is scaned and a linear relationship between coil current and midplane displacement is found. The effect of this non-axisymmetric equilibrium on infinite $n$ ballooning stability is investigated using COBRA (R Sanchez et al 2000 J. Comput. Phys. 161 576-588).
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
The yellow hypergiant HR 5171 A: Resolving a massive interacting binary in the common envelope phase
Creators: name: Chesneau, O.
name: Meilland, A.
name: Chapellier, E.
name: Millour, F.
name: Van Genderen, A. M.
name: Nazé, Y.
name: Smith, N.
name: Spang, A.
name: Smoker, J. V.
name: Dessart, L.
name: Kanaan, S.
name: Bendjoya, Ph.
name: Feast, M. W.
name: Groh, J. H.
name: Lobel, A.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Otero, S.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: Tekola, A. G.
name: Whitelock, P. A.
name: Arcos, C.
name: Curé, M.
name: Vanzi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiated long-term optical interferometry monitoring of the diameters of unstable yellow hypergiants (YHG) with the goal of detecting both the long-term evolution of their radius and shorter term formation related to large mass-loss events. We observed HR5171 A with AMBER/VLTI. We also examined archival photometric data in the visual and near-IR spanning more than 60 years, as well as sparse spectroscopic data. HR5171A exhibits a complex appearance. Our AMBER data reveal a surprisingly large star for a YHG R*=1315+/-260Rsun\ (~6.1AU) at the distance of 3.6+/-0.5kpc. The source is surrounded by an extended nebulosity, and these data also show a large level of asymmetry in the brightness distribution of the system, which we attribute to a newly discovered companion star located in front of the primary star. The companion's signature is also detected in the visual photometry, which indicates an orbital period of Porb=1304+/-6d. Modeling the light curve with the NIGHTFALL program provides clear evidence that the system is a contact or possibly over-contact eclipsing binary. A total current system mass of 39^{+40}_{-22} solar mass and a high mass ratio q>10 is inferred for the system. The low-mass companion of HR5171 A is very close to the primary star that is embedded within its dense wind. Tight constraints on the inclination and vsini of the primary are lacking, which prevents us from determining its influence precisely on the mass-loss phenomenon, but the system is probably experiencing a wind Roche-Lobe overflow. Depending on the amount of angular momentum that can be transferred to the stellar envelope, HR5171 A may become a fast-rotating B[e]/Luminous Blue Variable (LBV)/Wolf-Rayet star. In any case, HR5171 A highlights the possible importance of binaries for interpreting the unstable YHGs and for massive star evolution in general.
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics (Jan 2014)
L-infinity Norm Design of Linear-phase Robust Broadband Beamformers using Constrained Optimization
Creators: name: Nongpiur, R. C.
name: Shpak, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new method for the design of linear-phase robust far-field broadband beamformers using constrained optimization is proposed. In the method, the maximum passband ripple and minimum stopband attenuation are ensured to be within prescribed levels, while at the same time maintaining a good linear-phase characteristic at a prescribed group delay in the passband. Since the beamformer is intended primarily for small-sized microphone arrays where the microphone spacing is small relative to the wavelength at low frequencies, the beamformer can become highly sensitive to spatial white noise and array imperfections if a direct minimization of the error is performed. Therefore, to limit the sensitivity of the beamformer the optimization is carried out by constraining a sensitivity parameter, namely, the white noise gain (WNG) to be above prescribed levels across the frequency band. Two novel design variants have been developed. The first variant is formulated as a convex optimization problem where the maximum error in the passband is minimized, while the second variant is formulated as an iterative optimization problem and has the advantage of significantly improving the linear-phase characteristics of the beamformer under any prescribed group delay or linear-array configuration. In the second variant, the passband group-delay deviation is minimized while ensuring that the maximum passband ripple and stopband attenuation are within prescribed levels. To reduce the computational effort in carrying out the optimization, a nonuniform variable sampling approach over the frequency and angular dimensions is used to compute the required parameters. Experiment results show that beamformers designed using the proposed methods have much smaller passband group-delay deviation for similar passband ripple and stopband attenuation than a modified version of an existing method.
Approche galoisienne de la transcendance différentielle
Creators: name: Di Vizio, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A10, 12H05, 33B15

description: In this survey we present the parameterized Galois theory of difference equations, as introduced by Hardouin-Singer. The purpose of this theory is to give a systematic approach to differential transcendence, also called hypertranscendence. As an example of the applications, we explain the Galoisian proof of Hölder's theorem on the differential transcendence of the Gamma function.
description: 20 pages, French
Spin-dependent conductivity of iron-based superconductors in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Dzyuba, M. O.
name: Chiang, Yu. N.
name: Chareev, D. A.
name: Vasiliev, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a study of magnetic field features of electron transport in heterojunctions with NS boundary inside iron-based superconductors, represented by a binary phase of $α$ - FeSe and oxyarsenide pnictide LaO(F)FeAs. We used the ability of self magnetic field of the transport current to partially destroy superconductivity, no matter how low the field may be, in the NS interface area, where, due to the proximity effect, the superconducting order parameter, $Δ$, disperses from 1 to 0 within the scale of the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length. The following features of transport were found:(i) at $T
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Are (pseudo)bulges in isolated galaxies actually primordial relics?
Creators: name: Lorenzo, M. Fernández
name: Sulentic, J.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, L.
name: Blasco-Herrera, J.
name: Argudo-Fernández, M.
name: Garrido, J.
name: Ramírez-Moreta, P.
name: Ruiz, J. E.
name: Sánchez-Expósito, S.
name: Santander-Vela, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present structural parameters and (g-i) bulge/disk colors for a large sample (189) of isolated AMIGA galaxies. The structural parameters of bulges were derived from the 2D bulge/disk/bar decomposition of SDSS i-band images using GALFIT. Galaxies were separated between classical bulges (n_b>2.5) and pseudobulges (n_b<2.5), resulting in a dominant pseudobulge population (94%) with only 12 classical bulges. In the -Re plane, pseudobulges are distributed below the elliptical relation (smaller Re and fainter mu_e), with the closest region to the Kormendy relation populated by those pseudobulges with larger values of B/T. We derived (g-i) bulge colors using aperture photometry and find that pseudobulges show median colors (g-i)b~1.06, while their associated disks are much bluer, (g-i)d~0.77. Moreover, 64% (113/177) of pseudobulges follow the red sequence of early-type galaxies. Bluer pseudobulges tend to be located in galaxies with the highest likelihood of tidal perturbation. The red bulge colors and low B/T values for AMIGA isolated galaxies are consistent with an early formation epoch and not much subsequent growth. Properties of bulges in isolated galaxies contrast with a picture where pseudobulges grow continuosly via star formation. They also suggest that environment could be playing a role in rejuvenating the pseudobulges.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
USING OXFORD NANOPORE MINION SEQUENCER FOR HEPATIT (B, C) VIRUSES SEQUENCING AND USE EPI2ME LABS FOR DATA ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Tursunov, J.I.
name: Abzalova, N.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Next-generation high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques are opening up exciting opportunities in the life sciences. New fields and applications in biology and medicine are becoming a reality beyond the original development goal and application of genomic sequencing [1]. Nanopore sequencing is the only sequencing technology that offers real-time analysis (for rapid insights), in fully scalable formats, can analyse native DNA or RNA, and sequence any length of fragment to achieve short to ultra-long read lengths [2]. Applications under EPI2ME allow users to perform a variety of analyses, including demultiplexing, adapter trimming, and alignment to reference genomes [2].
Permutation Patterns in Latin Squares
Creators: name: Earnest, Michael J.
name: Gutekunst, Samuel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study pattern avoidance in Latin Squares, which gives us a two dimensional analogue of the well studied notion of pattern avoidance in permutations. Our main results include enumerating and characterizing the Latin Squares which avoid patterns of length three and a generalization of the Erdős-Szekeres theorem. We also discuss equivalence classes among longer patterns, and conclude by describing open questions of interest both in light of pattern avoidance and their potential to reveal information about the structure of Latin Squares. Along the way, we show that classical results need not trivially generalize, and demonstrate techniques that may help answer future questions.
Spin noise in a quantum dot ensemble: from a quantum mechanical to a semi-classical description
Creators: name: Hackmann, Johannes
name: Smirnov, Dmitry S.
name: Glazov, Mikhail M.
name: Anders, Frithjof B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin noise spectroscopy is a promising technique for revealing the microscopic nature of spin dephasing processes in quantum dots. We compare the spin-noise in an ensemble of singly charged quantum dots calculated by two complementary approaches. The Chebyshev polynomial expansion technique (CET) accounts for the full quantum mechanical fluctuation of the nuclear spin bath and a semi-classical approach (SCA) is based on the averaging the electron spin dynamics over all different static Overhauser field configurations. We observe a remarkable agreement between both methods in the high-frequency part of the spectra, while the low-frequency part is determined by the long time fluctuations of the Overhauser field. We find small differences in the spectra depending on the distribution of hyperfine couplings. The spin-noise spectra in strong enough magnetic fields where the nuclear dynamics is quenched calculated by two complimentary approaches are in perfect agreement.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
K-Inflation in Noncommutative Space-Time
Creators: name: Feng, Chao-Jun
name: Li, Xin-Zhou
name: Liu, Dao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power spectra of the scalar and tensor perturbations in the noncommutative k-inflation model are calculated in this paper. In this model, all the modes created when the stringy space-time uncertainty relation is satisfied are generated inside the sound/Hubble horizon during inflation for the scalar/tensor perturbations. It turns out that a linear term describing the noncommutative space-time effect contributes to the power spectra of the scalar and tensor perturbations. Confronting the general noncommutative k-inflation model with latest results from \textit{Planck} and BICEP2, and taking $c_S$ and $λ$ as free parameters, we find that it is well consistent with observations. However, for the two specific models, i.e. the tachyon and DBI inflation models, it is found that the DBI model is not favored, while the tachyon model lies inside the $1σ$ contour, if the e-folds number is assumed to be around $50\sim60$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.0168
The POW/MIA Issue as Ideology: Autonomic Certainty, the League of Families, and the US National Security State, 1968-1992
Creators: name: Trahan, Alex
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Vietnam War
subject: POW/MIA Issue
subject: Prisoner of War
subject: Missing in Action
subject: League of Families of Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia
subject: Ideology
subject: Affect Theory
subject: National Security State

description: This paper combines novel archival research with a re-reading of the existing documentary record to reframe and investigate “the POW/MIA issue” as an ideological phenomenon. Prior research on the POW/MIA issue, or the widespread, persistent belief that US prisoners of war were secretly held in Vietnamese custody for years after the official 1973 prisoner swap, treats its persistence as the outcome of voluntarist factors like fraud and gullibility or the energy and innovation of grassroots activists. In contrast, this thesis argues that the issue's persistence in American political discourse is an artifact of the US national security state's ideological functions. It accomplishes this argument by first casting the National League of Families of Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia as an ideological state apparatus, then demonstrating that the League modeled a specific kind of state-sanctioned POW/MIA subjectivity organized through the feeling I call autonomic certainty, or the use of intense feeling as proof in-and-of-itself. The POW/MIA activism of Ann Fischer, a rank-and-file League member from Madison, WI, stands as an example of autonomic certainty in action. Ann’s brother, US Marine Richard W. Fischer, was declared MIA in Vietnam in 1968, sending members of the Fischer family into a years-long quest to prove he was alive in captivity. Meanwhile, the Department of Defense withheld convincing wartime evidence that Richard Fischer was killed and buried on the day he disappeared. This thesis is the first piece of POW/MIA literature to stake its claims with DOD case files relating to a POW/MIA.