cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contact angles in the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann modeling of wetting
Creators: name: Li, Q.
name: Luo, K. H.
name: Kang, Q. J.
name: Chen, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we aim to investigate the implementation of contact angles in the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann modeling of wetting at a large density ratio. The pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann model [X. Shan and H. Chen, Phys. Rev. E 49, 2941 (1994)] is a popular mesoscopic model for simulating multiphase flows and interfacial dynamics. In this model, the contact angle is usually realized by a fluid-solid interaction. Two widely used fluid-solid interactions: the density-based interaction and the pseudopotential-based interaction, as well as a modified pseudopotential-based interaction formulated in the present paper, are numerically investigated and compared in terms of the achievable contact angles, the maximum and the minimum densities, and the spurious currents. It is found that the pseudopotential-based interaction works well for simulating small static (liquid) contact angles, however, is unable to reproduce static contact angles close to 180 degrees. Meanwhile, it is found that the proposed modified pseudopotential-based interaction performs better in light of the maximum and the minimum densities and is overall more suitable for simulating large contact angles as compared with the other two types of fluid-solid interactions. Furthermore, the spurious currents are found to be enlarged when the fluid-solid interaction force is introduced. Increasing the kinematic viscosity ratio between the vapor and liquid phases is shown to be capable of reducing the spurious currents caused by the fluid-solid interactions.
description: 11 figures, Accepted by Physical Review E
Global Analysis of the Relationship between the Binding of the Bas1p Transcription Factor and Meiosis-Specific Double-Strand DNA Breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Gerton, J. L.
name: Petes, T. D.
name: Buck, M. J.
name: Lieb, J. D.
name: Dominska, M.
name: Mieczkowski, P. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, certain genomic regions have very high levels of meiotic recombination (hot spots). The hot spot activity associated with the HIS4 gene requires the Bas1p transcription factor. To determine whether this relationship between transcription factor binding and hot spot activity is general, we used DNA microarrays to map all genomic Bas1p binding sites and to map the frequency of meiosis-specific double-strand DNA breaks (as an estimate of the recombination activity) of all genes in both wild-type and bas1 strains. We identified sites of Bas1p-DNA interactions upstream of 71 genes, many of which are involved in histidine and purine biosynthesis. Our analysis of recombination activity in wild-type and bas1 strains showed that the recombination activities of some genes with Bas1p binding sites were dependent on Bas1p (as observed for HIS4), whereas the activities of other genes with Bas1p binding sites were unaffected or were repressed by Bas1p. These data demonstrate that the effect of transcription factors on meiotic recombination activity is strongly context dependent. In wild-type and bas1 strains, meiotic recombination was strongly suppressed in large (25- to 150-kb) chromosomal regions near the telomeres and centromeres and in the region flanking the rRNA genes. These results argue that both local and regional factors affect the level of meiotic recombination.
title: Spectroscopic Measurement of the Electron Temperature in the Tenuous Argon Ion Laser Plasma
Creators: name: Bicanic, Dane Danijel
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1971

description: The validity of the line intensity ratio technique for measuring the electron temperature was examined for an argon plasma with a "population inversion" i.e., the number of ions with electrons in the upper 4p levels was greater than in the lower 4s levels. The line intensities from these levels, the argon ion lasing transitions, were measured in a pulsed tenuous plasma at 110μ Hg produced by discharging a capacitor through a tube 2m long and 7mm inside diameter. The electron impact cross sections for simultaneous excitation and ionization as measured by Latimer and St. John were used and averaged over the velocity distribution of electrons, assumed Maxwellian. The electron temperatures obtained, ranged from 1.0 - 1.7 eV depending on which lines were observed. A theory of the positive column, where wall effects are not considered gives values about twice as high as an upper bound.
The Rarity of Star Formation in Brightest Cluster Galaxies as Measured by WISE
Creators: name: Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Pimbblet, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the mid-infrared (IR) star formation rates of 245 X-ray selected, nearby (z<0.1) brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). A homogeneous and volume limited sample of BCGs was created by X-ray selecting clusters with L_x > 1x10^44 erg/s. The Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) AllWISE Data Release provides the first measurement of the 12 micron star formation indicator for all BCGs in the nearby Universe. Perseus A and Cygnus A are the only galaxies in our sample to have star formation rates of > 40 M_sol/yr, indicating that these two galaxies are highly unusual at current times. Stellar populations of 99 +/- 0.6 % of local BCGs are (approximately) passively evolving, with star formation rates of <10 M_sol/yr. We find that in general, star formation produces only modest BCG growth at the current epoch.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MOSES: Mejora del transporte marítimo de corta distancia con tecnologías automatizadas
Creators: name: De Juan, Mercedes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Presentation at the "61º Congreso de Ingeniería Naval e Industria Maritima" which took place on 26-28 October 2022, at the Palma Mallorca with the title "MOSES: Mejora del transporte marítimo de corta distancia con tecnologías automatizadas".
Bacterial assemblages in rivers and billabongs of Southeastern Australia
Creators: name: Boon, Paul I
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Billabongs, lentic waterbodies common to the floodplain of Australian rivers, differ considerably from the lotic riverine environment in terms of hydrology, physiochemical characteristics, and biological assemblages present. As little is known regarding the bacterial ecology of billabong habitats, a comparison was made of the bacterial assemblages in the water column of seven paired river/billabong sites in the Murray-Darling Basin of southeastern Australia. Billabongs supported larger populations of bacteria (1-157 x 10(9) cells liter-1; 11-10,270-mu-g C liter-1) than did rivers (1-10 x 10(9) cells liter-1; 6-143-mu-g C liter-1). Phospholipid analyses confirmed that billabongs (14-111-mu-g phospholipid fatty acid liter-1) had larger bacterial populations than rivers (< 12-mu-g liter-1). Bacterial production, measured with H-3-leucine, was also greater in billabongs (0.28-3.05-mu-g C liter-1 hour-1) than rivers (0.05-0.62-mu-g C liter-1 hour-1). Production calculated from the frequency of dividing cells confirmed this conclusion, and suggested bacterial production in some billabongs could exceed 100-mu-g C liter-1 hour-1. An INT-formazan method indicated that usually < 25% of bacterial cells were active in either habitat, but this was probably an underestimate of the bona fide value. Turnover times of glucose were usually shorter in billabongs, and the cell-specific activity greater for billabong than river assemblages. The factors most likely to be responsible for the differences between the bacterial assemblages in rivers and billabongs relate to hydrological regime and the availability of organic carbon substrates.
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3- and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Phosphorylation of Paxillin Regulates Cytoskeletal Rearrangement
Creators: name: Li, M.
name: Schaller, M. D.
name: Cai, X.
name: Vrana, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Paxillin is a 68-kDa focal adhesion-associated protein that plays an important role in controlling cell spreading and migration. Phosphorylation of paxillin regulates its biological activity and thus has warranted investigation. Serine 126 and serine 130 were previously identified as two major extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent phosphorylation sites in Raf-transformed fibroblasts. Here serine 126 is identified as a phosphorylation site induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of RAW264.7 cells. A number of other stimuli, including adhesion and colony-stimulating factor, induce serine 126 phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells, and nerve growth factor (NGF) treatment induces serine 126 phosphorylation in PC12 cells. The kinase responsible for phosphorylation of this site is identified as glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). Interestingly, this GSK-3-dependent phosphorylation is regulated via an ERK-dependent priming mechanism, i.e., phosphorylation of serine 130. Phosphorylation of S126/S130 was required to promote spreading in paxillin null cells, and LPS-induced spreading of RAW264.7 cells was inhibited by expression of the paxillin S126A/S130A mutant. Furthermore, this mutant also retarded NGF-induced PC12 cell neurite outgrowth. Hence, phosphorylation of paxillin on serines 126 and 130, which is mediated by an ERK/GSK-3 dual-kinase mechanism, plays an important role in cytoskeletal rearrangement.
Heregulin-Dependent Delay in Mitotic Progression Requires HER4 and BRCA1
Creators: name: McCall, W.
name: Hunter, D. M.
name: Sandahl, M. A.
name: Cowan, K. H.
name: Husted, C.
name: Muraoka-Cook, R. S.
name: Rearick, W. A.
name: Earp, H. S.
name: Sgagias, M. K.
name: Strunk, K. E.
name: Sartor, C. I.
name: Caskey, L. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: HER4 expression in human breast cancers correlates with a positive prognosis. While heregulin inhibits the growth of HER4-positive breast cancer cells, it does so by undefined mechanisms. We demonstrate that heregulin-induced HER4 activity inhibits cell proliferation and delays G2/M progression of breast cancer cells. While investigating pathways of G2/M delay, we noted that heregulin increased the expression of BRCA1 in a HER4-dependent, HER2-independent manner. Induction of BRCA1 by HER4 occurred independently of the cell cycle. Moreover, BRCA1 expression was elevated in HER4-postive human breast cancer specimens. Heregulin stimulated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and pharmacologic inhibition of JNK impaired heregulin-enhanced expression of BRCA1 and mitotic delay; inhibition of Erk1/2 did not. Knockdown of BRCA1 with small interfering RNA in a human breast cancer cell line interfered with HER4-mediated mitotic delay. Heregulin/HER4-dependent mitotic delay was examined further with an isogenic pair of mouse mammary epithelial cells (MECs) derived from mice harboring homozygous LoxP sites flanking exon 11 of BRCA1, such that one cell line expressed BRCA1 while the other cell line, after Cre-mediated excision, did not. BRCA1-positive MECs displayed heregulin-dependent mitotic delay; however, the isogenic BRCA1-negative MECs did not. These results suggest that heregulin-mediated growth inhibition in HER4-postive breast cancer cells requires BRCA1.
Frustration of resonant preheating by exotic kinetic terms
Creators: name: Rahmati, Shohreh
name: Seahra, Sanjeev S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of exotic kinetic terms on parametric resonance during the preheating epoch of the early universe. Specifically, we consider modifications to the action of ordinary matter fields motivated by generalized uncertainty principles, polymer quantization, as well as Dirac-Born-Infeld and k-essence models. To leading order in an "exotic physics" scale, the equations of motion derived from each of these models have the same algebraic form involving a nonlinear self-interaction in the matter sector. Neglecting spatial dependence, we show that the nonlinearity effectively shuts down the parametric resonance after a finite time period. We find numeric evidence that the frustration of parametric resonance persists to spatially inhomogenous matter in $(1+1)$--dimensions.
description: 19+1 pages. 6 figures
Energy extraction from Janis-Newman-Winicour naked singularity
Creators: name: Patel, Vishva
name: Acharya, Kauntey
name: Bambhaniya, Parth
name: Joshi, Pankaj S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general, energy extraction methods such as the Penrose process and the magnetic Penrose process are thought to be reliant on the existence of an ergoregion. Inside an ergoregion, there are negative energy states that allow a particle to extract energy and escape to an observer at infinity. In this paper, we considered the electromagnetic field in the rotating Janis-Newman-Winicour (JNW) spacetime. This concept is feasible because an accretion disc forms an electromagnetic field around compact objects. After that, we briefly examine negative energy orbits and their significance in energy extraction. The ergoregion is absent in a rotating JNW geometry, but we show that the effective ergoregion is there. The change in a negative energy orbit concerning the magnetic field (B), spin parameter (a), and electric charge (Q) is analyzed. We find that the total energy extraction efficiency within this process can be around $60\%$ for the rotating JNW naked singularity.
description: 11 pages, 18 figures
title: The taboo of love for children in care : its emergence through the transference relationship and in the system around the child
Creators: name: Evans, Angela
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2019

description: This paper explores the taboo of love for children in care. A taboo is a social custom setting a thing apart, prohibiting association with a person, place, or thing (Oxford English Dictionary 2012). Love can become a taboo for children in care, something that they unconsciously forbid themselves from experiencing due to fears of further loss and pain. It can also become a taboo for many adults working with traumatised young people. The author, a Child and Adolescent Psychotherapist, presents her work with individual children and with the network of adults around them. She proposes that love is not a central theme in the care system, despite its direct relevance to children who have not experienced adequate love in crucial developmental months and years. The implication of this proposition is that unloved children are at risk of remaining unloved within the care system. The application of this to professional practice is immense. The author calls for more support for professionals to perform their vital work in promoting a loving approach in the system.
Accessing the Gaia treasure trove with TOPCAT, STILTS, ADQL and Gaia Sky
Creators: name: Altmann, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gaia
VO
Topcat
Stilts
Astrometry
Astronomical databases

description: These documents are the stored online versions of the presentations given during the Microworkshop "Accessing the Gaia treasure trove with TOPCAT, STILTS, ADQL and Gaia Sky", held on Thursday, Nov. 3rd, 2022, at the ESO Chile headquarters in Vitacura, Chile. The 1st document deals with TOPCAT and STILTS, the second with TAP queries and the underlying ADQL language. Ths way, the participants of this workshop are enabled to access the material used during the event.
Unraveling the effects of inter-site Hubbard interactions in spinel Li-ion cathode materials
Creators: name: Timrov, Iurii
name: Kotiuga, Michele
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate first-principles predictions of the structural, electronic, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of cathode materials can be key in the design of novel efficient Li-ion batteries. Spinel-type cathode materials Li$_x$Mn$_2$O$_4$ and Li$_x$Mn$_{1.5}$Ni$_{0.5}$O$_4$ are promising candidates for Li-ion battery technologies, but they present serious challenges when it comes to their first-principles modeling. Here, we use density-functional theory with extended Hubbard functionals - DFT+$U$+$V$ with on-site $U$ and inter-site $V$ Hubbard interactions - to study the properties of these transition-metal oxides. The Hubbard parameters are computed from first-principles using density-functional perturbation theory. We show that while $U$ is crucial to obtain the right trends in properties of these materials, $V$ is essential for a quantitative description of the structural and electronic properties, as well as the Li-intercalation voltages. This work paves the way for reliable first-principles studies of other families of cathode materials without relying on empirical fitting or calibration procedures.
Biogeochemistry of billabong sediments. I. The effect of macrophytes
Creators: name: Boon, Paul I
name: Sorrell, Brian K
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

1. We examined the effects of an emergent macrophyte (Eleocharis sphacelata R. Br., Cyperaceae) and a submerged macrophyte (Vallisneria gigantea Graeb., Hydrocharitaceae) on the biogeochemistry of the sediments of a billabong in south-eastern Australia.2. Sediments from an E. sphacelata bed had significantly lower concentrations of exchangeable phosphorus than did sediments from a nearby bare area or a V. gigantea bed, but neither macrophyte had a measureable effect on their sediment's exchangeable ammonium content.3. The redox potential in the upper 10cm of E. sphacelata sediments was about 100 mV higher than that of bare sediments, or of sediments colonized by V. gigantea.4. There were few consistent differences between vegetated and bare sediments in terms of the activity of extracellular enzymes, such as α-amylase, protease, β-d glucosidase, lipase or alkaline phosphatase. Rates of alkaline phosphatase activity (235–306μmol (g dry wt)−1 day−1) were markedly higher than those commonly reported for sediments or soils.5. Rates of gas release were higher from bare sediments (21–93 ml m−2 h−1) than from E. sphacelata or V. gigantea sediments (17–23 and 21-24ml m−2 h−1, respectively). Gas bubbles consisted mainly of methane (26–66%) and nitrogen (15–68%). Rates of methane ebullition varied from 5 to 60ml m−2 h−1.6. In-vitro methanogenesis was most rapid in samples of the upper flocculent sediment. Methanogenesis was slower in V. gigantea sediments than in bare area or E. sphacelata sediments, but was markedly accelerated by additions of acetate and/or H2/CO2 in all sites.7. Profiles of total extractable fatty acids and phospholipid fatty acids demonstrated that material derived from higher plants dominated the sediment organic matter in all sites. Bacteria were also a significant component of sediment organic matter, as fatty acids for which bacteria can be assumed the sole source accounted for 18–30% of total fatty acid content. Biomarkers for sulphate-reducing bacteria (Desulfobacter spp.) were detected, and for type II methanotrophic bacteria.
Hydrops Fetalis, Cardiovascular Defects, and Embryonic Lethality in Mice Lacking the Calcitonin Receptor-Like Receptor Gene
Creators: name: Smithies, O.
name: Caron, K. M.
name: Gibbons, C. L.
name: Fritz-Six, K.
name: Dunworth, W. P.
name: Dackor, R. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Adrenomedullin (AM) is a multifunctional peptide vasodilator that is essential for life. To date, numerous in vitro studies have suggested that AM can mediate its biological effects through at least three different receptors. To determine the in vivo importance of the most likely candidate receptor, calcitonin receptor-like receptor, a gene-targeted knockout model of the gene was generated. Mice heterozygous for the targeted Calcrl allele appear normal, survive to adulthood, and reproduce. However, heterozygote matings fail to produce viable Calcrl−/− pups, demonstrating that Calcrl is essential for survival. Timed matings confirmed that Calcrl−/− embryos die between embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5) and E14.5 of gestation. The Calcrl−/− embryos exhibit extreme hydrops fetalis and cardiovascular defects, including thin vascular smooth muscle walls and small, disorganized hearts remarkably similar to the previously characterized AM−/− phenotype. In vivo assays of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in the hearts and vasculature of Calcrl−/− and AM−/− embryos support the concept that AM signaling is a crucial mediator of cardiovascular development. The Calcrl gene targeted mice provide the first in vivo genetic evidence that CLR functions as an AM receptor during embryonic development.
Spatio-temporal dynamics induced by competing instabilities in two asymmetrically coupled nonlinear evolution equations
Creators: name: Schueler, David
name: Alonso, Sergio
name: Torcini, Alessandro
name: Baer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pattern formation often occurs in spatially extended physical, biological and chemical systems due to an instability of the homogeneous steady state. The type of the instability usually prescribes the resulting spatio-temporal patterns and their characteristic length scales. However, patterns resulting from the simultaneous occurrence of instabilities cannot be expected to be simple superposition of the patterns associated with the considered instabilities. To address this issue we design two simple models composed by two asymmetrically coupled equations of non-conserved (Swift-Hohenberg equations) or conserved (Cahn-Hilliard equations) order parameters with different characteristic wave lengths. The patterns arising in these systems range from coexisting static patterns of different wavelengths to traveling waves. A linear stability analysis allows to derive a two parameter phase diagram for the studied models, in particular revealing for the Swift-Hohenberg equations a co-dimension two bifurcation point of Turing and wave instability and a region of coexistence of stationary and traveling patterns. The nonlinear dynamics of the coupled evolution equations is investigated by performing accurate numerical simulations. These reveal more complex patterns, ranging from traveling waves with embedded Turing patterns domains to spatio-temporal chaos, and a wide hysteretic region, where waves or Turing patterns coexist. For the coupled Cahn-Hilliard equations the presence of an weak coupling is sufficient to arrest the coarsening process and to lead to the emergence of purely periodic patterns. The final states are characterized by domains with a characteristic length, which diverges logarithmically with the coupling amplitude.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Chaos
title: Layers of healing care
Creators: name: Quin, Shona
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2019

description: With growing pressure on child and adolescent mental health teams to meet the needs of young people in care, alongside limited resources, there is an increasing need for care settings to consider their role in providing trauma-informed, healing care environments. This article describes the process of developing a therapeutic framework within a small residential care setting in Scotland. The framework encapsulates the importance of attending to the needs of the organisation as a whole in order to provide a safe, attuned and responsive environment, highlighting the fundamental layers of care necessary to provide a foundation upon which the healing journey can begin.
Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Modulates Activity and Ubiquitination-Dependent Turnover of SUMO-Specific Protease 2
Creators: name: Yeh, E. T. H.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Itahana, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins are conjugated to numerous polypeptides in cells, and attachment of SUMO plays important roles in regulating the activity, stability, and subcellular localization of modified proteins. SUMO modification of proteins is a dynamic and reversible process. A family of SUMO-specific proteases catalyzes the deconjugation of SUMO-modified proteins. Members of the Sentrin (also known as SUMO)-specific protease (SENP) family have been characterized with unique subcellular localizations. However, little is known about the functional significance of or the regulatory mechanism derived from the specific localizations of the SENPs. Here we identify a bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) and a CRM1-dependent nuclear export signal (NES) in the SUMO protease SENP2. Both the NLS and the NES are located in the nonhomologous domains of SENP2 and are not conserved among other members of the SENP family. Using a series of SENP2 mutants and a heterokaryon assay, we demonstrate that SENP2 shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and that the shuttling is blocked by mutations in the NES or by treating cells with leptomycin B. We show that SENP2 can be polyubiquitinated in vivo and degraded through proteolysis. Restricting SENP2 in the nucleus by mutations in the NES impairs its polyubiquitination, whereas a cytoplasm-localized SENP2 made by introducing mutations in the NLS can be efficiently polyubiquitinated, suggesting that SENP2 is ubiquitinated in the cytoplasm. Finally, treating cells with MG132 leads to accumulation of polyubiquitinated SENP2, indicating that SENP2 is degraded through the 26S proteolysis pathway. Thus, the function of SENP2 is regulated by both nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and polyubiquitin-mediated degradation.
Expanding Sgr A* dynamical imaging capabilities with an African extension to the Event Horizon Telescope
Creators: name: La Bella, Noemi
name: Issaoun, Sara
name: Roelofs, Freek
name: Fromm, Christian
name: Falcke, Heino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has recently published the first images of the supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*). Imaging Sgr A* is plagued by two major challenges: variability on short (approximately minutes) timescales and interstellar scattering along our line of sight. While the scattering is well studied, the source variability continues to push the limits of current imaging algorithms. In particular, movie reconstructions are hindered by the sparse and time-variable coverage of the array. In this paper, we study the impact of the planned Africa Millimetre Telescope (AMT, in Namibia) and Canary Islands telescope (CNI) additions to the time-dependent coverage and imaging fidelity of the EHT array. This African array addition to the EHT further increases the eastwest (u, v) coverage and provides a wider time window to perform high-fidelity movie reconstructions of Sgr A*. We generated synthetic observations of Sgr A*'s accretion flow and used dynamical imaging techniques to create movie reconstructions of the source. To test the fidelity of our results, we used one general-relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic model of the accretion flow and jet to represent the quiescent state and one semi-analytic model of an orbiting hotspot to represent the flaring state. We found that the addition of the AMT alone offers a significant increase in the (u, v) coverage, leading to robust averaged images during the first hours of the observating track. Moreover, we show that the combination of two telescopes on the African continent, in Namibia and in the Canary Islands, produces a very sensitive array to reconstruct the variability of Sgr A* on horizon scales. We conclude that the African expansion to the EHT increases the fidelity of high-resolution movie reconstructions of Sgr A* to study gas dynamics near the event horizon.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Comments: 11 pages, 9 figures
Probing the Electron States and Metal-Insulator Transition Mechanisms in Atomically Thin MoS2 Based on Vertical Heterostructures
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaolong
name: Wu, Zefei
name: Xu, Shuigang
name: Wang, Lin
name: Huang, Rui
name: Han, Yu
name: Ye, Weiguang
name: Xiong, Wei
name: Han, Tianyi
name: Long, Gen
name: Wang, Yang
name: He, Yuheng
name: Cai, Yuan
name: Sheng, Ping
name: Wang, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal-insulator transition (MIT) is one of the remarkable electrical transport properties of atomically thin molybdenum disulphide (MoS2). Although the theory of electron-electron interactions has been used in modeling the MIT phenomena in MoS2, the underlying mechanism and detailed MIT process still remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the vertical metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) heterostructures built from atomically thin MoS2 (monolayers and multilayers) are ideal capacitor structures for probing the electron states in MoS2. The vertical configuration of MIS heterostructures offers the added advantage of eliminating the influence of large impedance at the band tails and allows the observation of fully excited electron states near the surface of MoS2 over a wide excitation frequency (100 Hz-1 MHz) and temperature range (2 K- 300 K). By combining capacitance and transport measurements, we have observed a percolation-type MIT, driven by density inhomogeneities of electron states, in the vertical heterostructures built from monolayer and multilayer MoS2. In addition, the valence band of thin MoS2 layers and their intrinsic properties such as thickness-dependence screening abilities and band gap widths can be easily accessed and precisely determined through the vertical heterostructures.
Edizione digitale dei “Monumenti Adriani” e degli “Annali Acquaviviani”. Una fonte nella storia della regione adriatica nel Mezzogiorno d’Italia [poster]
Edizione digitale dei “Monumenti Adriani” e degli “Annali Acquaviviani”. Una fonte nella storia della regione adriatica nel Mezzogiorno d’Italia [poster]
Creators: name: Torlontano, Rossana
Publisher: name: R. Torlontano, "Edizione digitale dei Monumenti Adriani e degli “Annali Acquaviviani”. Una fonte nella storia della regione adriatica nel Mezzogiorno d’Italia", in Metti la storia al lavoro! Seconda conferenza italiana di Public History. Pisa, 11-15 giugno 2018
Year: 2022

description: Progetto finanziato dall’Agenzia per l’Italia Digitale con un accordo di collaborazione con il Dipartimento di Lettere, Arti e Scienze Sociali dell’Università di Chieti. L’obiettivo è stato quello di valorizzare e divulgare via Internet il patrimonio storico e documentario inedito dei Monumenti Adriani e degli Annali Acquaviviani, volumi manoscritti da Nicola Sorricchio tra il 1755 e il 1785 conservati presso la biblioteca privata dei suoi eredi. È stata creata una Digital Library che ospita la riproduzione digitale dei volumi memorizzati nel formato MAG, standard per l’ICCU, in cui i dati sono stati archiviati in modo permanente nel formato interno richiesto dal software Fedora Commons opportunamente configurato con un content model adatto a rappresentare opere testuali manoscritte.
p18Ink4c and Pten Constrain a Positive Regulatory Loop between Cell Growth and Cell Cycle Control
Creators: name: Pandolfi, P. P.
name: Xiong, Y.
name: Bai, F.
name: Pei, X.-H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Inactivation of the Rb-mediated G1 control pathway is a common event found in many types of human tumors. To test how the Rb pathway interacts with other pathways in tumor suppression, we characterized mice with mutations in both the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p18Ink4c and the lipid phosphatase Pten, which regulates cell growth. The double mutant mice develop a wider spectrum of tumors, including prostate cancer in the anterior and dorsolateral lobes, with nearly complete penetrance and at an accelerated rate. The remaining wild-type allele of Pten was lost at a high frequency in Pten+/− cells but not in p18+/−Pten+/− or p18−/−Pten+/− prostate tumor cells, nor in other Pten+/− tumor cells, suggesting a tissue- and genetic background-dependent haploinsufficiency of Pten in tumor suppression. p18 deletion, CDK4 overexpression, or oncoviral inactivation of Rb family proteins caused activation of Akt/PKB that was recessive to the reduction of PTEN activity. We suggest that p18 and Pten cooperate in tumor suppression by constraining a positive regulatory loop between cell growth and cell cycle control pathways.
Anuario Extendido 2024 del Área de Investigación en Medicina Interna (Servicio de Clínica Médica)
Creators: name: Grande Ratti, Maria Florencia
name: Perez Manelli, Romina Yasmin
name: Posadas Martinez, Maria Lourdes
name: Peroni, Maria Leticia
name: Carretero, Marcelina
name: Burgos, Mariana Andrea
name: Huespe, Ivan
name: Cirelli, Delfina
name: Gregalio, Felipe Anibal
name: Perez, Betiana Mabel
name: BRASLAVSKY, ANA
name: Vaena, Mariana
name: Sánchez Toyos, Iñaki
name: Pollán, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Compartimos la "Edición 2024" de nuestro ANUARIO Extendido, que permite acceder a todas las publicaciones, los proyectos de investigación, y las actividades académicas-científicas que impulsamos, lideramos o acompañamos en el Área de Investigación en Medicina Interna (Servicio de Clínica Médica, del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires).

 

Resumimos nuestros logros del año 2024:

74 presentaiones en eventos científicos

59 publicaciones en revistas científicas

15 proyectos ganadores (11 premios, 4 becas/subsidios)

12 protocolos aprobados por Comité de Ética

 

(EDITORIAL)

A lo largo del año, nuestro compromiso con la investigación se ve reflejado en la producción académica-científica que hemos logrado. Los/as invito a sumergirse y recorrer estas páginas.

Aprovecho para agradecer el esfuerzo y la dedicación de cada de las personas que integran el EQUIPO, cuyas contribuciones son esenciales para transformar el conocimiento en entregables y materiales tangibles (ej: publicaciones en revistas indexadas, presentaciones en congresos y jornadas en las que participamos).

El 2024 ha sido testigo de importantes HITOS que vale la pena recordar:

La Disposición N°71 del HIBA reconoció al AIMI como SECCIÓN del Servicio de Clínica Médica; y se habilitó el cargo de JEFA/E (con fecha del 11/03/2024).

Sostuvimos nuestro “Espacio Académico” todo el año (Lunes de 11 a 12 horas, virtual y sincrónico), con un total 48 encuentros, alcanzando una participación de 23% con oradores externos.

Construimos redes con los equipos editoriales de Revistas (Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Evidencia y Fronteras en Medicina).

Ofrecimos 399 horas/año de asesorías, y 213 fueron usadas.

Me enorgullece formar parte y haber cumplido 10 años en AIMI (desde mi ingreso como fellow en Junio-2014); y es realmente un placer ser jefa y liderar este maravilloso equipo. Cada integrante es una pieza fundamental, que lidera, sostiene, acompaña, mentorea, enseña, comparte, o simplemente pregunta y aprende haciendo, debiendo enfrentar obstáculos y nuevos desafíos intelectuales y/o metodológicos, siempre con responsabilidad, compromiso, y dedicación. Ustedes son quienes verdaderamente hacen que mi tarea resulte sencilla.

Esperamos seguir trabajando juntos durante este 2025!

 

María Florencia Grande Ratti (Jefa de Área de Investigación en Medicina Interna).

Servicio de Clínica Médica. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires.
Effect of polyphenolic compounds on alkaline phosphatase activity: its implication for phosphorus regeneration in Australian freshwaters
Creators: name: Serrano, Laura
name: Boon, Paul I
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Polyphenols extracted from wood, brown leaves and green leaves of the River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis DEHNH., Myrtaceae) were inhibitory towards purified alkaline phosphatises from porcine intestinal mucosa (PIMAP) and Escherichia coli billabongs. Brown-leaf extracts were generally more inhibitory than were green-leaf extracts, and polyphenols inhibited ECAP more than they did PIMAP. The threshold for inhibition of purified enzymes and most native enzymes ranged from <2-10 mgl -1, which was within the range of polyphenol concentrations commonly found in freshwater environments. Mixed-type inhibition and competitive-type inhibition were the most frequent effects of polyphenols on the purified alkaline phosphatises. Enzyme activity was increased after the extracts were treated with polyvinlpolypyrrolidone to remove polyphenols, suggesting that the extracts contained substances that activated alkaline phosphatases. The addition of Mg +2 (0.1mmol l -1) increased alkaline phosphatase activity, but this enhancement was progressively negated by the addition of polyphenols. In contrast, the addition of Zn +2 (0.1 mmol l-1) completely inhibited PIMAP activity, and again this inhibition was progressively negated by the addition of polyphenols. Polyphenols therefore will affect phosphorus regeneration in freshwaters not only by binding directly to the alkaline phosphatise enzyme, but also by complexing metals required by the enzyme for activity.
Stratified Obstruction Systems for Equivariant Moduli Problems and Invariant Euler cycles
Creators: name: Yang, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R22, 57R91

description: The purpose of this paper is to study finite dimensional equivariant moduli problems from the viewpoint of stratification theory. We show that there exists a stratified obstruction system for a finite dimensional equivariant moduli problem. In addition, we define a coindex for a G-vector bundle which is determined by the G-action on the vector bundle and prove that if the coindex of an oriented equivariant moduli problem is bigger than 1, then we obtain an invariant Euler cycle via equivariant perturbation. In particular, we get a localization formula for the stratified transversal intersection of S1-moduli problems.
description: 30 pages, to appear in Algebraic & Geometric Topology
Effect of temperature on egg development in the Australian stonefly genus, Austrocercella Illies (Plecoptera: Notonemouridae)
Creators: name: Brittain, John E
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Eggs of four species of the endemic Australian stonefly genus Austrocercella-A. alpina, A. hynesi, A. illiesi and A. tillyardi-were incubated in the laboratory at constant temperatures at 5ºC intervals between 5 and 25ºC. For all species, there was a significant relationship between water temperature (T, ºC) and length of egg incubation (Y, days), expressed by the logarithmic equation Y = aT-b, where a and b are constants. However, a linear plot, Y = a - bT, was a better fit for A. illiesi.All species displayed high hatching success between 5 and 15ºC. At 20ºC, successful hatching took place in A. hynesi and A. tillyardi, but in A. alpina virtually no eggs hatched. In A. illiesi, about 50% of the eggs hatched at 20ºC, but the incubation period was prolonged.Interspecific differences in egg development within the genus Austrocercella reflect life-cycle timing and the temperatures likely to be experienced by the egg stage. The few intraspecific differences were also related to temperature during the egg stage.Austrocercella shows egg developmental relationships similar to those found in many northern hemisphere stonefly species, including the Nemouridae.
PB1 Domain-Dependent Signaling Complex Is Required for Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 Activation
Creators: name: Nakamura, K.
name: Hahn, K. M.
name: Uhlik, M. T.
name: Johnson, G. L.
name: Johnson, N. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: MEKK2, MEK5, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) are members of a three-kinase cascade for the activation of ERK5. MEK5 is the only MAP2K to express a PB1 domain, and we have shown that it heterodimerizes with the PB1 domain of MEKK2. Here we demonstrate the MEK5 PB1 domain is a scaffold that also binds ERK5, functionally forming a MEKK2-MEK5-ERK5 complex. Reconstitution assays and CFP/YFP imaging (fluorescence resonance energy transfer [FRET]) measuring YFP-MEKK2/CFP-MEK5 and CFP-MEK5/YFP-ERK5 interactions define distinct MEK5 PB1 domain binding sites for MEKK2 and ERK5, with a C-terminal extension of the PB1 domain contributing to ERK5 binding. Stimulus-dependent CFP/YFP FRET in combination with mutational analysis was used to define MEK5 PB1 domain residues critical for the interaction of MEKK2/MEK5 and MEK5/ERK5 required for activation of the ERK5 pathway in living cells. Fusion of the MEK5 PB1 domain to the N terminus of MEK1 confers ERK5 regulation by a MAP2K normally regulating only ERK1/2. The MEK5 PB1 domain confers stringent MAP3K regulation of ERK5 relative to more promiscuous MAP3K control of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38.
Atomic Transition Probabilities for Transitions of Si I and Si II and the Silicon Abundances of Several Very Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Hartog, E. A. Den
name: Lawler, J. E.
name: Sneden, C.
name: Roederer, I. U.
name: Cowan, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new measurements of branching fractions for 20 UV and blue lines in the spectrum of neutral silicon (Si I) originating in the 3$s^{2}$3$p$4$s$ $^{3}$P$^{\rm o}_{1,2}$, $^{1}$P$^{\rm o}_{1}$ and 3$s$3$p^{3}$ $^{1}$D$^{\rm o}_{1,2}$ upper levels. Transitions studied include both strong, nearly pure LS multiplets as well as very weak spin-forbidden transitions connected to these upper levels. We also report a new branching fraction measurement of the $^{4}$P$_{1/2}$ - $^{2}$P$^{\rm o}_{1/2,3/2}$ intercombination lines in the spectrum of singly-ionized silicon (Si II). The weak spin-forbidden lines of Si I and Si II provide a stringent test on recent theoretical calculations, to which we make comparison. The branching fractions from this study are combined with previously reported radiative lifetimes to yield transition probabilities and log($gf$)s for these lines. We apply these new measurements to abundance determinations in five metal-poor stars.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (26 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables; machine-readable versions of Tables 3 and 4 will be available from the publisher)
Forward Modeling Transient Brightenings and Microflares around an Active Region Observed with Hi-C
Creators: name: Kobelski, Adam R.
name: McKenzie, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small scale flare-like brightenings around active regions are among the smallest and most fundamental of energetic transient events in the corona, providing a testbed for models of heating and active region dynamics. In a previous study, we modeled a large collection of these microflares observed with Hinode/XRT using EBTEL and found that they required multiple heating events, but could not distinguish between multiple heating events on a single strand, or multiple strands each experiencing a single heating event. We present here a similar study, but with EUV data of Active Region 11520 from the High Resolution Coronal Imager (Hi-C) sounding rocket. Hi- C provides an order of magnitude improvement to the spatial resolution of XRT, and a cooler temperature sensitivity, which combine to provide significant improvements to our ability to detect and model microflare activity around active regions. We have found that at the spatial resolution of Hi-C (approximately 0.3 arcseconds), the events occur much more frequently than expected (57 events detected, only 1 or 2 expected), and are most likely made from strands of order 100 km wide, each of which is impulsively heated with multiple heating events. These findings tend to support bursty reconnection as the cause of the energy release responsible for the brightenings.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in ApJ
Supplementary document for High-fidelity optical diffraction tomography of live organisms using non-toxic tunable refractive index media - 6121154.pdf
Creators: name: Lee, Dohyeon
name: Lee, Moosung
name: KWAK, Haechan
name: Kim, Young Seo
name: Shim, Jaehyu
name: Jung, Jik Han
name: Park, Wei Sun
name: Park, Jiho
name: Lee, Sumin
name: Park, YongKeun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
title: Enduring principles in a changing world
Creators: name: Hunt, Melissa
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2019

description: I have spent a large part of my professional life working in the Children's Hearings System in Scotland. This piece is about how and why the Children’s Hearings System continues to be the way in which we try to improve the situation for children and young people who face adversity of different kinds. I look at the founding principles of the Children's Hearings System and how they have continued to be relevant in Scotland. The piece is also about the current challenges faced by the volunteers, professionals and families who are involved in the system and the work that is ongoing to address these challenges. The piece is a personal reflection – not a statement of the position of either the Children's Hearings System or the Scottish Children's Reporter Administration. Some of the reflections also formed the basis for an opinion article by the Principal Reporter, Neil Hunter, titled "Agenda: The new dialogue around the Children’s Hearings system" which was published in Scotland in The Herald on 30th April 2018.