cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Exosomal miR-106a-5p from highly metastatic colorectal cancer cells drives liver metastasis by inducing macrophage M2 polarization in the tumor microenvironment
Creators: name: Liang, Yahang
name: Li, Junyu
name: Yuan, Yuli
name: Ju, Houqiong
name: Liao, Hualin
name: Li, Mingming
name: Liu, Yang
name: Yao, Yao
name: Yang, Lingling
name: Li, Taiyuan
name: Lei, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Soliton Solutions to the Einstein Equations in Five Dimensions
Creators: name: Clarkson, R.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new class of solutions in odd dimensions to Einstein's equations containing either a positive or negative cosmological constant. These solutions resemble the even-dimensional Eguchi-Hanson--(anti)-de Sitter ((A)dS) metrics, with the added feature of having Lorentzian signatures. They provide an affirmative answer to the open question as to whether or not there exist solutions with negative cosmological constant that asymptotically approach AdS$_{5}/Γ$, but have less energy than AdS$_{5}/Γ$. We present evidence that these solutions are the lowest-energy states within their asymptotic class.
description: 9 pages, Latex; Final version that appeared in Phys. Rev. Lett; title changed by journal from original title "Eguchi-Hanson Solitons"
Determinants of Participation in a Catastrophe Insurance Programme: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country
Creators: name: Akter, Sonia
name: Brouwer, Roy
name: Chowdhury, Saria
name: Aziz, Salina
name: Akter, Sonia
name: Brouwer, Roy
name: Chowdhury, Saria
name: Aziz, Salina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Natural disasters
subject: catastrophe
subject: insurance
subject: participation
subject: risk
subject: Bangladesh

description: The paper presents empirical evidence of the determinants of catastrophe insurance participation in one of the poorest and most disaster prone countries in the world. In a large-scale household survey carried out in 2006 we ask 3,000 residents in six different districts in Bangladesh facing various environmental risk exposure levels about their willingness to participate in a catastrophe insurance programme. Combining factors put forward in risk theory and economics, we estimate a model of insurance participation. We show that the household decision to participate in the insurance programme differs depending on both exogenous and endogenous risk exposure levels. As predicted by micro-economic theory, ability to pay, measured in terms of household income and access to credit, significantly affects insurance participation. Furthermore, among the sociodemographic factors investigated in this case study, respondent education and occupation are found to significantly influence household decision making. Our study suggests that low participation rates for catastrophe insurance in a developing country can be explained by high rates of illiteracy and limited access to credit.
The economic cost of wetland destruction
Creators: name: Schmidt, Carmel Elizabeth
name: Schmidt, Carmel Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: ecosystem services
subject: wetlands
subject: water filtration
subject: valuation

description: Wetlands are often refereed to as the ‘kidney of the river’, but what is the value of the water filtration they provide, and what is the cost of wetland destruction? This paper determines the economic value of wetlands for water filtration. It demonstrates that wetlands are of considerable economic value, even where the volume of water filtered is in excess of that required for domestic consumption. It argues that if legislation required those who destroy natural wetlands to replace the water filtration process the wetlands once provided, it would be necessary to construct water filtration plants at significant cost.
Spatiotemporal focusing through a multimode fiber via time-domain wavefront shaping
Creators: name: Velsink, Matthias C.
name: Amitonova, Lyubov V.
name: Pinkse, Pepijn W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We shape fs optical pulses and deliver them in a single spatial mode to the input of a multimode fiber. The pulse is shaped in time such that at the output of the multimode fiber an ultrashort pulse appears at a predefined focus. Our result shows how to raster scan an ultrashort pulse at the output of a stiff piece of square-core step-index multimode fiber and in this way the potential for making a nonlinear fluorescent image of the scene behind the fiber, while the connection to the multimode fiber can be established via a thin and flexible single-mode fiber. The experimental results match our numerical simulation well.
description: V2:29 pages including appendices, 9 figures (1 new), several updated, many improvements throughout
A Multiple Criteria Decision System to Improve Performance of Federal Conservation Programs
Creators: name: Ozgoc-Caglar, C. Derya
name: Farnsworth, Richard L.
name: Ozgoc-Caglar, C. Derya
name: Farnsworth, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis
subject: Federal Conservation Programs
subject: Environmental Quality Incentives Program
subject: GLEAMS

description: The Environmental Quality Incentives Program and other voluntary Federal conservation programs follow a similar approach for enrollment. Consistent with the legislation, agency personnel identify eligibility criteria, suitable conservation practices, and a process to score, rank, and select applications for funding. Our research outlines a formal multiple criteria decision analysis system that is broadly applicable to current Federal conservation programs to score, rank, and enroll applications, and distribute program funds. Then, we apply the decision system to Indiana’s EQIP program using data from 2005. The incorporation of GLEAMS model improved our estimates of water quality impacts by reintroducing the spatial heterogeneity.
Vortex properties in the extended supersolid phase of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Ancilotto, Francesco
name: Barranco, Manuel
name: Pi, Marti
name: Reatto, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of singly-quantized linear vortices in the supersolid phase of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature modeling $^{164}$Dy atoms. The system is extended in the $x-y$ plane and confined by a harmonic trap in the the polarization direction $z$. Our study is based on a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We characterize the ground state of the system in terms of spatial order and superfluid fraction and compare the properties of a single vortex and of a vortex dipole in the superfluid phase (SFP) and in the supersolid phase (SSP). At variance with a vortex in the SFP, which is free to move in the superfluid, a vortex in the SSP is localized at the interstitial sites and does not move freely. We have computed the energy barrier for motion from an equilibrium site to another. The fact that the vortex is submitted to a periodic potential has a dramatic effect on the dynamics of a vortex dipole made of two counter rotating parallel vortices; instead of rigidly translating as in the SFP, the vortex and anti-vortex approach each other by a series of jumps from one site to another until they annihilate in a very short time and their energy is transferred to bulk excitations.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures
Hybrid Rice: Economic Assessment of a Promising Technology for Sustainable Food Grain Production in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Azad, Md Abdus Samad
name: Mustafi, B.A.A.
name: Hossain, Mahabub
name: Azad, Md Abdus Samad
name: Mustafi, B.A.A.
name: Hossain, Mahabub
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Hybrid Rice
subject: Technology
subject: Economics
subject: Food Self-sufficiency

description: Hybrid rice, one of the viable and proven technologies has been considered as a new frontier to increase rice production for meeting growing demand for staple food in Bangladesh. Using farm survey data this paper examines comparative profitability of hybrid and inbred rice cultivation and estimates a Stochastic Frontier Function to determine the effect of key variables on farm efficiency. Results show that hybrid rice gives substantially higher yield as well as net return compared to inbred rice which leads to increase and sustainable growth of food grain production. Analysis of Stochastic Frontier model shows hybrid rice farms are technically more efficient than inbred.
Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter / Équipe
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
Crystal plasticity modeling of non-Schmid yield behavior: from Ni3Al single crystals to Ni-based superalloys
Creators: name: Ranjan, Devraj
name: Narayanan, Sankar
name: Kadau, Kai
name: Patra, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Crystal Plasticity Finite Element (CPFE) framework is proposed for modeling the non-Schmid yield behavior of L12 type Ni3Al crystals and Ni-based superalloys. This framework relies on the estimation of the non-Schmid model parameters directly from the orientation- and temperature-dependent experimental yield stress data. The inelastic deformation model for Ni3Al crystals is extended to the precipitate phase of Ni-based superalloys in a homogenized dislocation density based crystal plasticity framework. The framework is used to simulate the orientation- and temperature-dependent yield of Ni3Al crystals and single crystal Ni-based superalloy, CMSX-4, in the temperature range 260-1304 K. Model predictions of the yield stress are in general agreement with experiments. Model predictions are also made regarding the tension-compression asymmetry and the dominant slip mechanism at yield over the standard stereographic triangle at various temperatures for both these materials. These predictions provide valuable insights regarding the underlying (orientation- and temperature-dependent) slip mechanisms at yield. In this regard, the non-Schmid model may also serve as a standalone analytical model for predicting the yield stress, the tension-compression asymmetry and the underlying slip mechanism at yield as a function of orientation and temperature.
description: Pre-print submitted to arXiv.org, accepted for publication in Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering
Implications of the Early X-Ray Afterglow Light Curves of Swift GRBs
Creators: name: Granot, Jonathan
name: Konigl, Arieh
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to current models, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced when the energy carried by a relativistic outflow is dissipated and converted into radiation. The efficiency of this process, $ε_γ$, is one of the critical factors in any GRB model. The X-ray afterglow light curves of Swift GRBs show an early stage of flat decay. This has been interpreted as reflecting energy injection. When combined with previous estimates, which have concluded that the kinetic energy of the late ($\gtrsim 10$ hr) afterglow is comparable to the energy emitted in gamma-rays, this interpretation implies very high values of $ε_γ\gtrsim 0.9$. Such a high efficiency is hard to reconcile with most models, including in particular the popular internal-shocks model. We re-analyze the derivation of the kinetic energy from the afterglow X-ray flux and re-examine the resulting estimates of the efficiency. We confirm that, if the flatt decay arises from energy injection and the pre-Swift broad-band estimates of the kinetic energy are correct, then $ε_γ\gtrsim 0.9$. We point out, however, that another interpretation of the flattish decay - a variable X-ray afterglow efficiency (e.g., due to a time dependence of afterglow shock microphysical parameters) - is possible. We also show that direct estimates of the kinetic energy from the late X-ray afterglow flux are sensitive to the assumed values of the shock microphysical parameters and suggest that broad-band afterglow fits might have underestimated the kinetic energy (e.g., by overestimating the fraction of electrons that are accelerated to relativistic energies). Either one of these possibilities implies a lower gamma-ray efficiency, and their joint effect could conceivably reduce the estimate of the typical $ε_γ$ to $\sim 0.1-0.5$.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; submitted to MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Exosomal miR-106a-5p from highly metastatic colorectal cancer cells drives liver metastasis by inducing macrophage M2 polarization in the tumor microenvironment
Creators: name: Liang, Yahang
name: Li, Junyu
name: Yuan, Yuli
name: Ju, Houqiong
name: Liao, Hualin
name: Li, Mingming
name: Liu, Yang
name: Yao, Yao
name: Yang, Lingling
name: Li, Taiyuan
name: Lei, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 2
Road Rater and Benkelman Beam Pavement Deflections
Creators: name: Sharpe, Gary W.
name: Southgate, Herbert F.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1979
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The Benkelman beam has been one of the most commonly used methods of measuring surface deflections of a highway pavement. A Benkelman beam is based on a simple lever-arm principle and uses dial guages to measure surface deflection under an applied load. In 1971, the Commonwealth of Kentucky purchased a Road Rater for use by the Department of Transportation, Division of Research. The Road Rater applies a sinusoidal force to the pavement at a fixed frequency; surface wave velocities are measured and electronically integrated to obtain surface deflections, Since 1971, work has progressed toward the development of a pavement evaluation methodology using Road Rater deflections. Analyses presented in this report will illustrate some relationships between the Benkelman beam and Road Rater deflections. Theoretical and field measured deflections are considered.
Role of exercise diffusing capacity in the preoperative evaluation of patients for lung resection
Creators: name: Wang, Jeng-Shing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Introduction: Pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at rest has been shown to be useful in the preoperative evaluation of patients for lung resection. DLCO increases during exercise but may not increase adequately if the pulmonary vascular bed is reduced by emphysema. Objective: The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate whether lack of an adequate increase in DLCO during exercise is associated with increased postoperative complications following lung resection. Methods: We used a modification of the single breath DLCO technique, the 3-equation method (3EQ-DLCO), to determine DLCO during exercise in 57 patients undergoing lung resection at Vancouver General Hospital since October 1998. 3EQ-DLCO was determined during steady state exercise at 35% and 70% of the maximal workload reached in a progressive exercise test. Postoperative complications occurring within 30 days after resection were classified into mortality, cardiovascular and pulmonary complications. Maximal oxygen uptake, DLCO at rest, and the increase in DLCO during exercise, were compared in relation to postoperative complications. Results: Complications occurred in 19 patients (33%) and included mortality in 2 (4%), cardiovascular morbidity in 12 (21%), and pulmonary morbidity in 13 (23%). Pneumonia in 12% and atrial fibrillation in 18% of patients, were the major pulmonary and cardiovascular complications. Patients with complications had lower resting DLCO (RDLCO), lower increase in DLCO from rest to 70% of maximal workload expressed as % of predicted DLCO at rest ((70%-R)DLCO%), and lower maximal oxygen uptake, than patients without complications. Results suggested (70%-R)DLCO% was the best preoperative predictor of postoperative complications; a cut-off limit of 10% was the best index to identify complications, with a complication rate of 100% in patients with (70%-R)DLCO% < 10%, compared with a complication rate of 10% in patients with (70%-R)DLCO% > 10% (sensitivity = 78%, specificity = 100%). Conclusions: Patients who do not increase their DLCO sufficiently during exercise ((70%- R)DLCO% < 10%) have higher complication rates following lung resection. The strong correlation between exercise diffusing capacity and postoperative complications is likely due to the contribution of a reduced pulmonary capillary bed to cardiopulmonary complications. Exercise DLCO appear to be useful as an additional test to improve the prediction of postoperative morbidity following lung resection.
title: Carbon‐Methanol Based Adsorption Heat Pumps: Identifying Accessible Parameter Space with Carbide‐Derived Carbon Model Materials
Creators: name: Träger, Lisa
name: Gläsel, Jan
name: Scherle, Marc
name: Hartmann, Julian
name: Nieken, Ulrich
name: Etzold, Bastian J. M.
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: In adsorption heat pumps, the properties of the porous adsorbent and the refrigerant determine the performance. Major parameters for this working pair are the total uptake of the adsorptive, its kinetics, and the heat transfer characteristics. In the technical application despite powdered adsorbents, thin consolidated layers of the adsorbent can be attractive and obtained by a binder‐based approach but likely result in competing material properties. Thus, for a process optimization, the accessible parameter space and interdependencies have to be known and were deduced in this work for model porous carbons (carbide‐derived carbons derived from TiC and ZrC) and methanol as well as the addition of different amounts of boron nitride, silver, and graphite as heat‐conductive agents and the use of two binders.
Veranstaltungskalender / Calendrier des activités
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
Lexical elicitation: Kinship terms, Swadesh 200 list adjectives
Creators: name: Ruiz, Wendy
name: Lemon, Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: mam

description: First recording is kinship terms; second is mostly Swadesh 200 list adjectives with kinship terms at the end
Forschungsförderung / Soutien à la recherche
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
First light from tidal disruption events
Creators: name: Bonnerot, Clément
name: Lu, Wenbin
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a star comes too close to a supermassive black hole, it gets torn apart by strong tidal forces in a tidal disruption event, or TDE. Half of the elongated stream of debris comes back to the stellar pericenter where relativistic apsidal precession induces a self-crossing shock. As a result, the gas gets launched into an outflow that can experience additional interactions, leading to the formation of an accretion disc. We carry out the first radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of this process, making use of the same injection procedure to treat the self-crossing shock as in our previous adiabatic study (Bonnerot & Lu 2020). Two sets of realistic parameters of the problem are considered that correspond to different strengths of this initial interaction. In both cases, we find that the injected matter has its trajectories promptly circularized by secondary shocks taking place near the black hole. However, the generated internal energy efficiently diffuses away in the form of radiation, which results in a thin vertical profile of the formed disc. The diffusing photons promptly irradiate the surrounding debris until they emerge with a bolometric luminosity of $L\approx 10^{44} \, \rm erg\, s^{-1}$. Towards the self-crossing shock, diffusion is however slowed that results in a shallower luminosity increase, with a potentially significant component in the optical band. Matter launched to large distances continuously gains energy through radiation pressure, which can cause a significant fraction to become unbound. This work provides direct insight into the origin of the early emission from TDEs, which is accessed by a rapidly increasing number of observations.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures, accepted by MNRAS. Movies of the simulation are available at http://www.tapir.caltech.edu/~bonnerot/first-light.html
Digital Humanities / Humanités Numériques
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
Additional file 3 of Exosomal miR-106a-5p from highly metastatic colorectal cancer cells drives liver metastasis by inducing macrophage M2 polarization in the tumor microenvironment
Creators: name: Liang, Yahang
name: Li, Junyu
name: Yuan, Yuli
name: Ju, Houqiong
name: Liao, Hualin
name: Li, Mingming
name: Liu, Yang
name: Yao, Yao
name: Yang, Lingling
name: Li, Taiyuan
name: Lei, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 3
Análisis preliminar de la potencialidad de las diferentes subregiones genómicas de SARS-Cov-2 para su uso como marcadores filogenéticos
Creators: name: Pupo-Meriño, Mario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of phylogenetic tools could be key in making decisions in the management of epidemics. Phylogenetic reconstruction requires appropriate markers, which contain the necessary information and allow reconstructing the evolutionary history of the pathogen. For the study of SARS-Cov-2 at the international level, multiple complete genomes of the virus have been sequenced starting from isolates from several countries. This information, available in international databases, has facilitated phylogenomic studies. In the case of Cuba, technological capabilities do not allow complete genomes to be sequenced, which makes it necessary to evaluate the different SARS-Cov-2 genomic regions for their potential use as sources of information. This work describes an analysis, carried out at the beginning of the pandemic, of the genomic regions of SARS-Cov-2, to evaluate their possible use as phylogenetic markers. For this, sequences and public tools were used, taking into account their variability, tendency to saturation and presence of noise, in addition to evaluating their ability to reconstruct the same phylogenetic relationships as those obtained with the analysis of the entire genome. Due to the relatively low evolutionary rate of the virus, and the short time that has elapsed since the beginning of the transmission of SARS-Cov-2 in humans at the time of the study, it is observed that the variability in the individual genomic regions does not contribute the same level of information, that the complete genome, and that the length of the selected segment and the taxonomic sampling are decisive in the resolution capacity of the phylogenetic methods used.
Bibliothek / Bibliothèque
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
SARM: Sparse Autoregressive Model for Scalable Generation of Sparse Images in Particle Physics
Creators: name: Lu, Yadong
name: Collado, Julian
name: Whiteson, Daniel
name: Baldi, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of simulated data is essential for data analysis in particle physics, but current Monte Carlo methods are very computationally expensive. Deep-learning-based generative models have successfully generated simulated data at lower cost, but struggle when the data are very sparse. We introduce a novel deep sparse autoregressive model (SARM) that explicitly learns the sparseness of the data with a tractable likelihood, making it more stable and interpretable when compared to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and other methods. In two case studies, we compare SARM to a GAN model and a non-sparse autoregressive model. As a quantitative measure of performance, we compute the Wasserstein distance ($W_p$) between the distributions of physical quantities calculated on the generated images and on the training images. In the first study, featuring images of jets in which 90% of the pixels are zero-valued, SARM produces images with $W_p$ scores that are 24-52% better than the scores obtained with other state-of-the-art generative models. In the second study, on calorimeter images in the vicinity of muons where 98% of the pixels are zero-valued, SARM produces images with $W_p$ scores that are 66-68% better. Similar observations made with other metrics confirm the usefulness of SARM for sparse data in particle physics. Original data and software will be made available upon acceptance of the manuscript from the UCI Machine Learning in Physics web portal at: http://mlphysics.ics.uci.edu/.
description: changed templates
Valuing the biodiversity gains from protecting native plant communities from bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp rotundata (DC.) T.Norl.) in New South Wales: application of the defensive expenditure method
Creators: name: Sinden, Jack A.
name: Downey, Paul O.
name: Hester, Susan M.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Sinden, Jack A.
name: Downey, Paul O.
name: Hester, Susan M.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Bitou bush
subject: Chrysanthemoides monilifera
subject: threat abatement plan
subject: valuation of biodiversity
subject: benefit-cost analysis
subject: weed control
subject: defensive-expenditure method

description: Valuation of the gains from protection of biodiversity is difficult because the services that provide the benefits do not normally pass through markets where prices can form. But the services sometimes pass through markets where consumers or producers behave in a market-oriented manner, and so the values implicit in this behaviour can be identified and derived. Estimates of the benefits of biodiversity protection are derived from the costs of protecting native plant communities from a major weed in Australia, by following this approach. In 1999, invasion of coastal areas of New South Wales by bitou bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (DC.) T. Norl.) was listed as a key process threatening native plants under the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. In accordance with the Act, the Department of Environment and Climate Change prepared a Threat Abatement Plan (TAP) to reduce the impacts of bitou bush on biodiversity at each threatened site. The costs of protecting sites vary closely with the number of priority native species and communities at each site. Following standard economic assumptions about market transactions, these costs are interpreted to provide values the benefits of protecting extra species, communities, and sites. Key words: Bitou bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera, threat abatement plan, valuation of biodiversity, benefit-cost analysis, weed control, defensive-expenditure method.
Ultra-precision quantum sensing and measurement based on nonlinear hybrid optomechanical systems containing ultracold atoms or atomic Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Motazedifard, Ali
name: Dalafi, A.
name: Naderi, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we study how a hybrid optomechanical system (OMS), in which a quantum micro- or nano-mechanical oscillator (MO) is coupled to the electromagnetic (EM) radiation pressure, consisting of an ensemble of ultracold atoms or an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), can be used as an ultra precision quantum sensor for measuring very weak signals. As is well-known in any precise quantum measurement the competition between the shot noise (SN) and the backaction noise of measurement executes a limitation on the measurement precision which is the so-called standard quantum limit (SQL). In the case where the intensity of the signal is even lower than the SQL, one needs to perform an ultra precision quantum sensing to beat the SQL. For this purpose, we review three important methods for surpassing the SQL in a hybrid OMS: (i) the backaction evading measurement of a quantum nondemolition (QND) variable of the system, (ii) the coherent quantum backaction noise cancellation (CQNC), and (iii) the so-called parametric sensing, the simultaneous signal amplification and added noise suppression below the SQL. Furthermore, we have shown in this article for the first time how the classical fluctuation of the driving laser phase, the so-called laser phase noise (LPN), affects the power spectrum of the output optical field in a standard OMS and induces an additional impression noise which makes the total system noise increase above the SQL. Also, for the first time in this review it has been shown that in the standard OMSs, it is impossible to amplify signal while suppressing the noise below the SQL simultaneously.
description: Accepted at AVS Quantum Science in AIP publishing for a review collection Book on Quantum Sensing and Metrology. It was an invited article from AVS AIP publishing. Also, It has been chosen as "Editor's Pick"; 32 pages; 12 figures
The two dimensional distribution of values of $ζ(1+it)$
Creators: name: Lamzouri, Youness
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06, 11N37

description: We prove several results on the distribution function of $ζ(1+it)$ in the complex plane, that is the joint distribution function of $\argζ(1+it)$ and $|ζ(1+it)|$. Similar results are also given for $L(1,χ)$ (as $χ$ varies over non-principal characters modulo a large prime $q$).
description: 40 pages
Wissenschaftliche Infrastrukturen / Infrastructures scientifiques
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
A Fault Tolerant Mechanism for Partitioning and Offloading Framework in Pervasive Environments
Creators: name: Jungum, Nevin Vunka
name: Mohamudally, Nawaz
name: Nissanke, Nimal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Application partitioning and code offloading are being researched extensively during the past few years. Several frameworks for code offloading have been proposed. However, fewer works attempted to address issues occurred with its implementation in pervasive environments such as frequent network disconnection due to high mobility of users. Thus, in this paper, we proposed a fault tolerant algorithm that helps in consolidating the efficiency and robustness of application partitioning and offloading frameworks. To permit the usage of different fault tolerant policies such as replication and checkpointing, the devices are grouped into high and low reliability clusters. Experimental results shown that the fault tolerant algorithm can easily adapt to different execution conditions while incurring minimum overhead.
Recovering Preferences from a Dual-Market Locational Equilibrium
Creators: name: Kuminoff, Nicolai V.
name: Kuminoff, Nicolai V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper develops a new structural estimator that uses the properties of a market equilibrium, together with information on households and their observed location choices, to recover horizontally differentiated preferences for a vector of local public goods. The estimation is consistent with equilibrium capitalization of local public goods and recognizes that job and house location choices are interrelated. By using set identification to distinguish the identifying power of restrictions on the indirect utility function from the identifying power of assumptions on the distribution of preferences, the estimator provides a new perspective on characteristics-based models of the demand for a differentiated product. The estimator is used to recover distributions of the marginal willingness-to-pay for improved air quality in Northern California’s two largest population centers: the San Francisco and Sacramento metropolitan areas. The average marginal willingness-to-pay increases by up to 190% when job opportunities are included as a dimension of location choice.
Transregionale Akademie III – Spaces of Art: Concepts and Impacts in and outside Latin America / Académie transrégionale III – Spaces of Art: Concepts and Impacts in and outside Latin America
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
Monitoring of compliance in Australian conservation contracts
Creators: name: Crowe, Bronwyn
name: White, Benedict
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Lindner, Robert K.
name: Crowe, Bronwyn
name: White, Benedict
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Lindner, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: conservation
subject: compliance
subject: monitoring
subject: enforcement
subject: environmental regulation

description: Government and non-government conservation agencies have long-term goals and objectives to provide environmental services, such as conserving the biodiversity of Australian native vegetation. In addition to national parks and reserves, private lands are often included in conservation programs to achieve these objectives. Formal contracts are entered into between the private landholder and the conservation agency to provide environmental services, or more commonly to provide inputs that are likely to lead to environmental services. The paper examines the costs and benefits of monitoring these conservation contracts when biodiversity change is stochastic.
Travelling Art Histories – Transregionale Netzwerke im Austausch zwischen Lateinamerika und Europa / Travelling Art Histories – Réseaux transrégionaux dans le cadre des échanges entre l’Amérique latine et l’Europe
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2021

description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2019/2020
Toxin-antitoxin systems and mycobacterium abscessus persistence
Creators: name: Maldonado, Heather Marie
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) infections are on the rise and have increased adverse outcomes in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients worldwide over the past two decades. Mab is the most notoriously difficult to treat nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) due to its resistance to a wide variety of antibiotics and disinfectants. Mab clearance rates are exceptionally low even after aggressive and lengthy antibiotic regiments. Because Mab has the innate ability to evade antibiotic treatment we proposed Mab may enlist toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems to induce a persistent state enabling the evasion of antibiotic killing. Here we identified a total of 21 novel putative TA systems in 128 Mab clinical strains available on NCBI via sequence similarity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The aim of this work was to identify the specific targets of three putative VapBC TA systems and characterize their physiological effects in Mab. In this study we determined the mechanism of action of Mab VapC5, VapC1, and VapC2. Each toxin cleaves multiple tRNAs at a single site within their anticodon resulting in a general reduction of translation. However, VapC5 and VapC1 drastically reduce translation capacity while specifically upregulating the translation of ribosomal proteins. For VapC5, this proteomic reprogramming results in an increase in persister cell formation after treatment with two first line Mab antibiotics, amikacin (AMK) and cefoxitin (FOX). Therefore, we theorize that VapC1 and VapC5 toxins trigger a phenotypic shift that enables Mab cells to persist upon antibiotic treatment because they 1) lead to a growth arrested state which reduces the efficacy of antibiotics that act on actively growing cells, and 2) selectively overproduce ribosomes to override the efficacy of antibiotics that inactivate the ribosome. These findings provide a foundation for the selection of shorter and more efficacious alternate treatment options for Mab infections using currently available antimicrobials whose targets are not subverted by these toxins.
Weaponizing Unicodes with Deep Learning -- Identifying Homoglyphs with Weakly Labeled Data
Creators: name: Deng, Perry
name: Linsky, Cooper
name: Wright, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visually similar characters, or homoglyphs, can be used to perform social engineering attacks or to evade spam and plagiarism detectors. It is thus important to understand the capabilities of an attacker to identify homoglyphs -- particularly ones that have not been previously spotted -- and leverage them in attacks. We investigate a deep-learning model using embedding learning, transfer learning, and augmentation to determine the visual similarity of characters and thereby identify potential homoglyphs. Our approach uniquely takes advantage of weak labels that arise from the fact that most characters are not homoglyphs. Our model drastically outperforms the Normalized Compression Distance approach on pairwise homoglyph identification, for which we achieve an average precision of 0.97. We also present the first attempt at clustering homoglyphs into sets of equivalence classes, which is more efficient than pairwise information for security practitioners to quickly lookup homoglyphs or to normalize confusable string encodings. To measure clustering performance, we propose a metric (mBIOU) building on the classic Intersection-Over-Union (IOU) metric. Our clustering method achieves 0.592 mBIOU, compared to 0.430 for the naive baseline. We also use our model to predict over 8,000 previously unknown homoglyphs, and find good early indications that many of these may be true positives. Source code and list of predicted homoglyphs are uploaded to Github: https://github.com/PerryXDeng/weaponizing_unicode
description: Updated DOI
Additional file 4 of Exosomal miR-106a-5p from highly metastatic colorectal cancer cells drives liver metastasis by inducing macrophage M2 polarization in the tumor microenvironment
Creators: name: Liang, Yahang
name: Li, Junyu
name: Yuan, Yuli
name: Ju, Houqiong
name: Liao, Hualin
name: Li, Mingming
name: Liu, Yang
name: Yao, Yao
name: Yang, Lingling
name: Li, Taiyuan
name: Lei, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 4
The SAURON project - V. Integral-field emission-line kinematics of 48 elliptical and lenticular galaxies
Creators: name: Sarzi, M.
name: Falcon-Barroso, J.
name: Davies, R. L.
name: Bacon, R.
name: Bureau, M.
name: Cappellari, M.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Fathi, K.
name: Krajnovic, D.
name: Kuntschner, H.
name: McDermid, R. M.
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the emission-line fluxes and kinematics of 48 representative elliptical and lenticular galaxies obtained with our custom-built integral-field spectrograph SAURON. Hb, [OIII], and [NI] emission lines were measured using a new procedure that simultaneously fits both the stellar spectrum and the emission lines. Using this technique we can detect emission lines down to an equivalent width of 0.1A set by the current limitations in describing galaxy spectra with synthetic and real stellar templates, rather than by the quality of our spectra. Emission is detected in 75% of our sample galaxies, and comes in a variety of resolved spatial distributions and kinematic behaviours. The ionised-gas kinematics is rarely consistent with simple coplanar circular motions. However, the gas almost never displays completely irregular kinematics, generally showing coherent motions with smooth variations in angular momentum. In the majority of the cases the gas kinematics is decoupled from the stellar kinematics, and in half of the objects this decoupling implies a recent acquisition of gaseous material. Over the entire sample however, the distribution of the mean misalignment values between stellar and gaseous angular momenta is inconsistent with a purely external origin. Consistent with previous studies, the presence of dust features is always accompanied by gas emission while the converse is not always true. A considerable range of values for the [OIII]/Hb ratio is found both across the sample and within single galaxies. Despite the limitations of this ratio as an emission-line diagnostic, this finding suggests either that a variety of mechanisms is responsible for the gas excitation in E and S0 galaxies or that the metallicity of the interstellar material is quite heterogeneous.
description: 51 pages, 40 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. A version with full resolution figures is available at http://star-www.herts.ac.uk/~sarzi/Publications/Sarzi_05_SauronV.ps.gz
Regularizing Double Machine Learning in Partially Linear Endogenous Models
Creators: name: Emmenegger, Corinne
name: Bühlmann, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The linear coefficient in a partially linear model with confounding variables can be estimated using double machine learning (DML). However, this DML estimator has a two-stage least squares (TSLS) interpretation and may produce overly wide confidence intervals. To address this issue, we propose a regularization and selection scheme, regsDML, which leads to narrower confidence intervals. It selects either the TSLS DML estimator or a regularization-only estimator depending on whose estimated variance is smaller. The regularization-only estimator is tailored to have a low mean squared error. The regsDML estimator is fully data driven. The regsDML estimator converges at the parametric rate, is asymptotically Gaussian distributed, and asymptotically equivalent to the TSLS DML estimator, but regsDML exhibits substantially better finite sample properties. The regsDML estimator uses the idea of k-class estimators, and we show how DML and k-class estimation can be combined to estimate the linear coefficient in a partially linear endogenous model. Empirical examples demonstrate our methodological and theoretical developments. Software code for our regsDML method is available in the R-package dmlalg.
description: new content and revised text
State-dependent graviton noise in the equation of geodesic deviation
Creators: name: Haba, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an equation of the geodesic deviation appearing in the problem of gravitational wave detection in an environment of gravitons. We investigate a state-dependent graviton noise (as discussed in a recent paper of Parikh,Wilczek and Zahariade) from the point of view of the Feynman integral and stochastic differential equations. The evolution of the density matrix and the transition probability in an environment of gravitons is obtained. We express the time evolution by a solution of a stochastic geodesic deviation equation with a noise dependent on the quantum state of the gravitational field.
description: 11 pages