cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Matrix General Relativity: A New Look at Old Problems
Creators: name: Avramidi, Ivan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a novel approach to gravity that we call `matrix general relativity' (MGR) or `gravitational chromodynamics' (GCD or GQCD for quantum version). Gravity is described in this approach not by one Riemannian metric (i.e. a symmetric two-tensor field) but by a multiplet of such fields, or by a matrix-valued symmetric two-tensor field that satisfies certain conditions. We define the matrix extensions of standard constructions of differential geometry including connections and curvatures, and finally, an invariant functional of the new field that reduces to the standard Einstein action functional in the commutative (diagonal) case. Our main idea is the analogy with Yang-Mills theory (QCD and Standard Model). We call the new degrees of freedom of gravity associated with the matrix structure `gravitational color' or simply `gravicolor' and introduce a new gauge symmetry associated with this degree of freedom. As in the Standard Model there are two possibilities. First of all, it is possible that at high energies (say at Planckian scale) this symmetry is exact (symmetric phase), but at low energies it is badly broken, so that one tensor field remains massless (and gives general relativity) and the other ones become massive with the masses of Planckian scale. Second possibilty is that the additional degrees of freedom of gravitational field are confined within the Planckian scale. What one sees at large distances are singlets (invariants) of the new gauge symmetry.
description: 25 pages
OUT OF TEXAS
Creators: name: McCarty, Laura
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3602
subject: Creative and professional writing

description: Out of Texas is a collection of poems that explores a woman’s journey from childhood to motherhood. Out of the state that shaped her to the distant lands of Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa, the poet roots us in deep familial bonds between mothers and daughters, fathers and children, husbands and wives, sisters and brothers. Those bonds both break and heal the poet as she looks for agency and redemption.
Does Centralization Affect the Number and Size of Lobbies?
Creators: name: Redoano, Michela
name: Redoano, Michela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Lobby Formation
subject: Pressure Group
subject: Centralization

description: Previous research has shown that if countries ”merge”, (i.e. move to centralized policy choices) the effect is to reduce lobbying. However empirical evidence suggests that this is not the case. This paper explains the empirical evidence in a two-jurisdiction political economy model of public good provision under policy centralization and policy decentralization, where the policy choice can be affected by the pressure of endogenously formed lobbies. We measure lobbying in three ways:(i) the number of lobbies formed under the two settings, (ii) their impact on policy decisions and (iii) the amount of resources transferred to the policy makers. We show that preference heterogeneity and lobby formation are positively related and that moving from decentralization to centralization can affect both the number and the type of lobbies. We develop some examples; among them: under centralization, compared to decentralization, the size of lobbies can be higher but the impact on policy can be smaller. Moreover we show how the majority groups try to offset lobbying by strategic voting for a candidate of a different group.
Tearing and related field distortions in deep-depletion CCDs
Creators: name: Juramy, Claire
name: Antilogus, Pierre
name: Guillou, Laurent Le
name: Sepulveda, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tearing patterns affecting flat field frames in CCDs are a visually striking obstacle to performing Pixel Response Non-Uniformity corrections. These patterns can be explained by lateral field distortions, caused by the non-uniform distribution of holes in the channel stops between sensor columns. Over the course of LSST camera development, a number of practical fixes have been suggested to get rid of tearing. But applying these fixes to our 16-channel Teledyne-e2v sensors leaves at best a distortion pattern at the vertical edges of every segment. Our working hypothesis is that the origin of the tearing is the parallel clocking itself, which moves the holes that are present in the channel stops regions. The efficiency of these transfers depends strongly on the details of the clocking operations, resulting in the observed variety of distortion patterns. Removal of most of the distortion patterns can therefore be achieved by executing a purge operation, which flattens back the hole distribution in the channel stops, immediately before acquiring a frame. A more effective solution is to switch all clocking operations to use a bipolar voltage set.
description: 11 pages, proceeding of ISPA2018
Palomar Testbed Interferometer Observations of Young Stellar Objects
Creators: name: Wilkin, F. P.
name: Akeson, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of a sample of Herbig AeBe stars, as well as the FU Orionis object V1057 Cygni. Our K-band (2.2 microns) observations from the Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) used baselines of 110m and 85m, resulting in fringe spacings of 4 mas and 5 mas, respectively. Fringes were obtained for the first time on V1057 Cygni as well as V594 Cas. Additional measurements were made of MWC147, while upper limits to visibility-squared are obtained for MWC297, HD190073, and MWC614. These measurements are sensitive to the distribution of warm, circumstellar dust in these sources. If the circumstellar infrared emission comes from warm dust in a disk, the inclination of the disk to the line of sight implies that the observed interferometric visibilities should depend upon hour angle. Surprisingly, the observations of Millan-Gabet, Schloerb, and Traub 2001 (hereafter MST) did not show significant variation with hour angle. However, limited sampling of angular frequencies on the sky was possible with the IOTA interferometer, motivating us to study a subset of their objects to further constrain these systems.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted by Astrophysics and Space Science
Ground Zeroes
Creators: name: Avagliano, Katie
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: “Ground Zeroes” is a collected work of original stories that examines the ripple effects of terrorism on communities. The six short fiction pieces examine the feelings and relationships that tie together perpetrators, victims, and bystanders. “Ground Zeroes” also takes a critical look at the technology we use in the wake of tragedy, from the spread of false information in exchange for views (as in “Yankee Stadium Conspiracy Theories…”) to the unfilterable stream of violent content and its possible effects on young viewers (as in “Daily News”). Bookended by nonfiction that weaves research with the author’s own experiences, “Ground Zeroes” ultimately reveals how world-wide disasters inevitably become intensely personal.
Is the Structure of Happiness Equations the Same in Poor and Rich Countries? The Case of South Africa
Creators: name: Powdthavee, Nattavudh
name: Powdthavee, Nattavudh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Happiness
subject: Living Standard
subject: South Africa
subject: Poverty

description: Are happiness patterns structurally the same when comparing poor and rich countries? Using cross-sectional data from the SALDRU93 survey, we show that the relationships between subjective well-being and socioeconomic variables have a similar structure and is U-shaped in age in South Africa as in developed countries. Well-being rises with income. Unemployment is detrimental to reported well-being, both at the individual- and household-level. Living standard indicators such as durable assets ownership seem to determine happiness levels as well as income. Relative income also matters to well-being, after controlling for community wealth.
Multichannel asymmetric transmission through a dimer defect with saturable inter-site nonlinearity
Creators: name: Wasay, Muhammad Abdul
name: Johansson, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the asymmetric transmission properties of a Discrete Nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger type dimer with a saturable nonlinear intersite coupling between the dimer sites, in addition to a cubic onsite nonlinearity and asymmetric linear onsite potentials. In contrast to previously studied cases with pure onsite nonlinearities, the transmission coefficient for stationary transmission is shown to be a multivalued function of the transmitted intensity, in regimes of low saturability and small or moderate transmitted intensity. The corresponding backward transfer map is analyzed analytically and numerically, and shown to have either one or three distinct solutions for saturable coupling, and zero or two solutions for the purely cubic nonlinear coupling. As saturation strength is increased, the multi-solution regimes disappear through bifurcations and the single-valued regime of the onsite model is recovered. The existence of multiple solution branches yields novel mechanisms for asymmetric left/right stationary transmission: in addition to shifts of the positions of transmission peaks, peaks for transmission in one direction may correspond to nonexistence of stationary solutions propagating in the opposite direction, at the corresponding branch and transmitted intensity. Moreover, one of these transmission channels behaves as a nearly perfect mirror for incoming signals. The linear stability of the stationary solutions is analyzed, and instabilities are typically observed, and illustrated by direct numerical simulations, in regimes with large transmission coefficient. Intersite nonlinearities are found to prevent the formation of a localized dimer mode in the instability-induced dynamics. Finally, the partial reflection and transmission of a Gaussian excitation is studied, and the asymmetric transmission properties are compared to previously studied onsite models.
description: 34 pages, V2. J. Phys. A: Math. Theor (2020)
Ground Zeroes
Creators: name: Avagliano, Katie
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3602
subject: Creative and professional writing

description: “Ground Zeroes” is a collected work of original stories that examines the ripple effects of terrorism on communities. The six short fiction pieces examine the feelings and relationships that tie together perpetrators, victims, and bystanders. “Ground Zeroes” also takes a critical look at the technology we use in the wake of tragedy, from the spread of false information in exchange for views (as in “Yankee Stadium Conspiracy Theories…”) to the unfilterable stream of violent content and its possible effects on young viewers (as in “Daily News”). Bookended by nonfiction that weaves research with the author’s own experiences, “Ground Zeroes” ultimately reveals how world-wide disasters inevitably become intensely personal.
Additional file 2 of The effect of simulation-based training in non-physician anesthetists in Tigray region, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Naod Bulti Etanaa
name: Kore Menjie Benwu
name: Hagos Gebregzabiher Gebremedhin
name: Haftom Berhane Desta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Item difficulty and discrimination coefficient on Knowledge items used for assessment in Tigray region from 25 May–10 June, 2019.
Symplectic integration approach for metastable systems
Creators: name: Klotins, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonadiabatic behavior of metastable systems modeled by anharmonic Hamiltonians is reproduced by the Fokker-Planck and imaginary time Schrodinger equation scheme with subsequent symplectic integration. Example solutions capture ergodicity breaking, reassure the H-theorem of global stability [M. Shiino, Phys. Rev. A, Vol 36, pp. 2393-2411 (1987)], and reproduce spatially extended response under alternate source fields.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Open Science Workshop at Thünen Institute
Creators: name: Gräler, Benedikt
name: Konkol, Markus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science, open reproducible research, open data, FAIR data, git, GitLab, collaboration

description: The workshop (14th/15th December, 2021) ran over two days and was composed of nine blocks: Welcome and introduction to the workshop Introduction to Open Reproducible Research - Basic concepts, challenges, and principles Use cases and pain points Introduction to collaborative tools (Git) Hands-on in Git Hands-on in Git (part 2) Use cases and pain points (part 2) Open and FAIR Data Open Science practices and tools CODECHECK Slides are in English and German. Git video tutorial: https://52north.org/delivery/ORR-Video/GitLab_Tutorial.mp4
Transverse muon polarization in K+ -> mu+ nu_mu gamma: scanning over the Dalitz plot
Creators: name: Bezrukov, F. L.
name: Gorbunov, D. S.
name: Kudenko, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the potential of the measurement of the transverse muon polarization P_T in the K->mu nu gamma decay with the sensitivity of δP_T ~ 10^{-4}. It is shown that the forthcoming experiment can measure the contribution of the electromagnetic final state interactions to P_T that gives a possibility to unambiguously determine the signs of the sum of the kaon form factors F_V and F_A even without fixing their difference. We also estimate the sensitivity of this experiment to the new physics, which could give rise to T-violation: multi-Higgs doublet models, supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, left-right symmetric model and leptoquark models.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
The Effects of Daily Caffeinated Energy Drink Use and Caffeine Abstinence on Sleep and Mood Among Young Adults
Creators: name: Murani, Kristina
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Caffeinated energy drinks (EDs) have become increasingly popular among young adults in the past decade, with a corresponding increase in reports of adverse events following their consumption (Reissig et al., 2009). There is a lack of controlled research on the effects of consuming EDs over an extended period of time on mood and sleep, particularly among young adults. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of three weeks of daily caffeinated EDs on mood and sleep in a sample of light caffeine users. Participants (n=36) consumed one ED each day for five weeks after one week of self-monitoring their mood and sleep. Participants consumed placebo EDs during week 2, caffeinated EDs (200 mg) during weeks 3-5, and placebo EDs during week 6. Participants completed self-report measures of mood and sleep three times per day. Sleep was also monitored with Fitbit devices. Results show that three weeks of daily caffeinated ED consumption at a low dose led to greater feelings of jitteriness and less total sleep time. Abstinence after three weeks of caffeine resulted in greater withdrawal symptoms, mood disturbances, and less total sleep time, suggesting the development of physical dependence. Tolerance to the effects of caffeine on various aspects of mood was also demonstrated. This study is among the first to show a direct causal link between prolonged daily consumption of a low dose caffeinated ED and poor sleep and mood disturbances in a sample of young adults. These findings call for further investigation of the effects of chronic ED consumption and have implications for the regulation of caffeine content in EDs.
Viterbi Sequences and Polytopes
Creators: name: Kuo, Eric H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A Viterbi path of length n of a discrete Markov chain is a sequence of n+1 states that has the greatest probability of ocurring in the Markov chain. We divide the space of all Markov chains into Viterbi regions in which two Markov chains are in the same region if they have the same set of Viterbi paths. The Viterbi paths of regions of positive measure are called Viterbi sequences. Our main results are (1) each Viterbi sequence can be divided into a prefix, periodic interior, and suffix, and (2) as n increases to infinity (and the number of states remains fixed), the number of Viterbi regions remains bounded. The Viterbi regions correspond to the vertices of a Newton polytope of a polynomial whose terms are the probabilities of sequences of length n. We characterize Viterbi sequences and polytopes for two- and three-state Markov chains.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Journal of Symbolic Computation
Integrated Approach for the Assessment of Strategies for the Decarbonization of Urban Traffic
Creators: name: Göhlich, Dietmar
name: Nagel, Kai
name: Syré, Anne Magdalene
name: Grahle, Alexander
name: Martins-Turner, Kai
name: Ewert, Ricardo
name: Miranda Jahn, Ricardo
name: Jefferies, Dominic
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: decarbonization methodology
subject: urban traffic
subject: agent-based transport simulation
subject: life cycle assessment
subject: sustainability
subject: total cost of ownership
subject: charging concepts
subject: conceptual vehicle design
subject: battery electric vehicles
subject: vehicle routing problem

description: This paper presents a new methodology to derive and analyze strategies for a fully decarbonized urban transport system which combines conceptual vehicle design, a large-scale agent-based transport simulation, operational cost analysis, and life cycle assessment for a complete urban region. The holistic approach evaluates technical feasibility, system cost, energy demand, transportation time, and sustainability-related impacts of various decarbonization strategies. In contrast to previous work, the consequences of a transformation to fully decarbonized transport system scenarios are quantified across all traffic segments, considering procurement, operation, and disposal. The methodology can be applied to arbitrary regions and transport systems. Here, the metropolitan region of Berlin is chosen as a demonstration case. The first results are shown for a complete conversion of all traffic segments from conventional propulsion technology to battery electric vehicles. The transition of private individual traffic is analyzed regarding technical feasibility, energy demand and environmental impact. Commercial goods, municipal traffic and public transport are analyzed with respect to system cost and environmental impacts. We can show a feasible transition path for all cases with substantially lower greenhouse gas emissions. Based on current technologies and today’s cost structures our simulation shows a moderate increase in total systems cost of 13–18%.
Exploring the Upper Red Giant and Asymptotic Giant Branches: the Globular Cluster M5
Creators: name: Sandquist, Eric L.
name: Bolte, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have tabulated lists of upper red giant, horizontal, and asymptotic giant branch (RGB, HB, AGB) stars in the globular cluster M5 that are complete to over 10' from the core for the RGB and AGB samples, and 8' for the HB sample. The large samples give us the most precise value of R_2 = N_AGB / N_HB to date for a single globular cluster (0.176 +/- 0.018). This is incompatible with theoretical calculations using the most recent physical inputs. The discrepancy can probably be attributed to the dependence of observed R_2 values on horizontal branch morphology. We identify the cluster M55 as being another possible example of this effect. Samples of HB and AGB stars in populous clusters may provide a means of calibrating the masses of horizontal branch stars in globular clusters. The cumulative luminosity function of the upper red giant branch shows an apparent deficit of observed stars near the tip of the branch. This feature has less than a 2% chance of being due to statistical fluctuations. The slope of the cumulative luminosity function for AGB stars is consistent with the theoretically predicted value from stellar models when measurement bias is taken into account. We also introduce a new diagnostic R_clump that reflects the fraction of the AGB lifetime that a star spends in the AGB clump. For M5, we find R_clump = 0.42 +/- 0.05, in marginal disagreement with theoretical predictions. Finally, we note that the blue half of M5's instability strip (where first overtone RR Lyraes reside) is underpopulated, based on the large numbers of fundamental mode RR Lyraes and on the nonvariable stars at the blue end of the instability strip. This fact may imply that the evolutionary tracks (and particularly the colors) of stars in the instability strip are affected by pulsations.
description: 43 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
THE IMPACTS OF LIBERALISATION ON A BRAZILIAN AIR SHUTTLE MARKET
Creators: name: Oliveira, Alessandro V. M.
name: Oliveira, Alessandro V. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: air shuttle
subject: airline industry
subject: competition
subject: deregulation
subject: product differentiation

description: This paper aims at assessing the impacts of recent economic liberalisation on an important subset of the Brazilian airline industry: the air shuttle market on the route Rio de Janeiro – São Paulo, a pioneer service created in 1959. In order to estimate structural relationships of the competition model, a product differentiated setting with conduct parameter was designed. Results permitted inferring about a rupture in the degree of firms' heterogeneity and in the extent of the deviation from Nash behaviour due to regulatory reform, as well as estimation of pertinent route-level cost information.
Chain-Store Pricing for Strategic Accommodation
Creators: name: Dobson, Paul W.
name: Waterson, Michael
name: Dobson, Paul W.
name: Waterson, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Chain-store
subject: Pricing Policy
subject: Price Discrimination
subject: Local Markets

description: Chain-stores now dominate most areas of retailing. While retailers may operate nationally or even internationally, the markets they compete in are largely local. How should they best operate pricing policy in respect of the different markets served - price uniformly across the local markets or on a local basis according to market conditions? We model this by allowing local market differences, with entry being inevitable in certain markets while being naturally or institutionally blockaded in others. We show that practising price discrimination is not always best for the chain-store. Competitive conditions exist under which uniform pricing can raise profits.
Summaries of Group Discussion
Creators: name: Rajagapalan, V.
name: Shah, S. M.
name: Patel, R. K.
name: Rajagapalan, V.
name: Shah, S. M.
name: Patel, R. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Subject I: Long-Term Prospects of Agricultural Growth Viewed in the Light of Soil-Climatic, Technological and Institutional Constraints, and Cost Involved in Their Removal Subject II: Special Programmes for Weaker Sections as a Strategy for Improving Income Distribution Subject III: Economics of Livestock Enterprise with Special Reference to its Employment Potential
Davacarus Hunter 1970
Creators: name: Walter, David Evans
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Davacaridae
Davacarus

description: Genus Davacarus Hunter
 Type species. Davacarus gressetti Hunter, 1970.
 Diagnosis. With the characteristics of the family and genital opening/ ovipore of female covered by three shields: mesogynial shield well developed, subtriangular to subtrapezoidal in shape; latigynial shields large, indistinct, covering pregenital region and bearing two pairs of setae; pregenital shield absent. Endogynial complex with pair of elongate-oval punctate regions. Dorsal setae acuminate, simple to barbed. Four pairs of large, sessile lateral opisthosomal glands present. Male genital valve subcircular, with or without setae.
description: Published as part of Walter, David Evans, 2004, From the subantarctic to the subtropics: a revision of the Davacaridae Kethley, 1977 (Acari: Trigynaspida: Mesostigmata) with the description of a new genus and three new species, pp. 2033-2049 in Journal of Natural History 38 (16) on page 2044, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001617733, http://zenodo.org/record/4676074
The Effects of Daily Caffeinated Energy Drink Use and Caffeine Abstinence on Sleep and Mood Among Young Adults
Creators: name: Murani, Kristina
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Caffeinated energy drinks (EDs) have become increasingly popular among young adults in the past decade, with a corresponding increase in reports of adverse events following their consumption (Reissig et al., 2009). There is a lack of controlled research on the effects of consuming EDs over an extended period of time on mood and sleep, particularly among young adults. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of three weeks of daily caffeinated EDs on mood and sleep in a sample of light caffeine users. Participants (n=36) consumed one ED each day for five weeks after one week of self-monitoring their mood and sleep. Participants consumed placebo EDs during week 2, caffeinated EDs (200 mg) during weeks 3-5, and placebo EDs during week 6. Participants completed self-report measures of mood and sleep three times per day. Sleep was also monitored with Fitbit devices. Results show that three weeks of daily caffeinated ED consumption at a low dose led to greater feelings of jitteriness and less total sleep time. Abstinence after three weeks of caffeine resulted in greater withdrawal symptoms, mood disturbances, and less total sleep time, suggesting the development of physical dependence. Tolerance to the effects of caffeine on various aspects of mood was also demonstrated. This study is among the first to show a direct causal link between prolonged daily consumption of a low dose caffeinated ED and poor sleep and mood disturbances in a sample of young adults. These findings call for further investigation of the effects of chronic ED consumption and have implications for the regulation of caffeine content in EDs.
Nonperturbative definition of the pole mass and short distance expansion of the heavy quark potential in QCD
Creators: name: Grunberg, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the O(Lambda) ambiguity in the pole mass can be fixed in a natural way by introducing a modified nonperturbative V-scheme momentum space coupling tilde-alphaV(q) where the confining contributions have been subtracted out. The method used is in the spirit of the infrared finite coupling approach to power corrections, and gives a non perturbative definition of the `potential subtracted' mass. The short distance expansion of the static potential is derived, taking into account an hypothetical short distance linear term. The magnitude of the standard OPE contributions are estimated in quenched QCD, based on results of Luscher and Weisz. It is observed that the expansion is not yet reliable at the shortest distances presently measured on the lattice.
description: 10 pages, JHEP3.cls style; a few misprints corrected. To appear in Physics Letters B
Open Science Workshop at Thünen Institute
Creators: name: Gräler, Benedikt
name: Konkol, Markus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science, Open Reproducible Research, git, data science, open source software, open data, FAIR data, open licenses, codecheck

description: The workshop ran over two days and was composed of nine blocks: Introduction to Open Reproducible Research - Basic concepts, challenges, and principles Introduction to collaborative tools (Git) Hands-on in Git Open Science practices Open and FAIR Data Reproducibility infrastructures Free slot for questions (no slides) CODECHECK Reflection (no slides) Git video tutorial: https://52north.org/delivery/ORR-Video/GitLab_Tutorial.mp4
3He-rich solar energetic particles: Solar sources
Creators: name: Bucik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3He-rich solar energetic particles (SEPs), showing up to a 10,000-fold abundance enhancement of rare elements like 3He or ultra-heavy nuclei, have been a puzzle for more than 50 years. One reason for the current lack of understanding of 3He-rich SEPs is the difficulty resolving the source regions of these commonly occurring events. Since their discovery, there has been strong evidence that 3He-rich SEP production is associated with flares on the Sun. Anomalous abundances of 3He-rich SEPs have been attributed to a unique acceleration mechanism that must routinely operate at flare sites. Flares associated with 3He-rich SEPs have been often observed in jet-like forms indicating an acceleration in magnetic reconnection involving field lines open to interplanetary space. Owing to a fleet of spacecraft around the Sun, providing a greatly improved resolution of solar imaging observations, 3He-rich SEP sources are now explored in unprecedented detail. This paper outlines the current understanding of 3He-rich SEPs, mainly focusing on their solar sources.
description: accepted for publication in Space Sci Rev
A probabilistic model for gene content evolution with duplication, loss, and horizontal transfer
Creators: name: Csűrös, Miklós
name: Miklós, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce a Markov model for the evolution of a gene family along a phylogeny. The model includes parameters for the rates of horizontal gene transfer, gene duplication, and gene loss, in addition to branch lengths in the phylogeny. The likelihood for the changes in the size of a gene family across different organisms can be calculated in O(N+hM^2) time and O(N+M^2) space, where N is the number of organisms, $h$ is the height of the phylogeny, and M is the sum of family sizes. We apply the model to the evolution of gene content in Preoteobacteria using the gene families in the COG (Clusters of Orthologous Groups) database.
A Distant Extended Spiral Arm in the Fourth Quadrant of the Milky Way
Creators: name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Dickey, J. M.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Green, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data from the Southern Galactic Plane Survey we present a possible distant spiral arm in the fourth quadrant of the Milky Way. The very distinct and cohesive feature can be traced for over 70 deg as the most extreme positive velocity feature in the longitude-velocity diagram. The feature is at a Galactic radius between 18 and 24 kpc and appears to be the last major structure before the end of the HI disk. We compare the feature with a Galactic spiral model and show that it is well reproduced by a spiral arm of pitch angle, i ~ 9 deg. The arm is quite well confined to the Galactic plane, dropping at most 1 kpc below the Galactic equator. Over most of its length the arm is 1 - 2 kpc thick.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. To appear in ApJ Letters. Full resolution version available at http://www.atnf.csiro.au/people/nmcclure/papers/outer_arm.ps.gz
An investigation into biodiesel as fuel for UBC Plant Operations vehicle fleet : final report
Creators: name: Alabbas, Anwar
name: Lu, Michael
name: Gill, Jasmeet
name: McEwan, William
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The purpose of this report was to investigate the feasibility of fueling the small utility vehicles used by UBC Plant Operations with biodiesel made from waste vegetable oil produced from on campus food outlets. The report discusses the social, economic and environmental benefits and impacts of such a plan, as well as the analysis methodology, with conclusions and further recommendations. Key economic issues were found relating to the current university fuel supply contracts. The current 5% biodiesel blend being supplied from Chevron must be used or else the warrantee will be voided. There are high costs associated with creating a production facility, and the costs are greater than the expected benefits are worth. The environmental benefits from switching to locally refined biodiesel include reducing the overall carbon footprint of plant operations by reducing the amount of fuel being delivered and the amount of waste being driven away from campus, and a small reduction in some harmful tailpipe emissions over conventional diesel vehicles. Socially, making the switch to UBC produced biodiesel can bring benefits by showing that UBC is striving to be at the forefront of green technology, while not making any drastic changes to the way UBC operates. In conclusion, it is recommended that UBC should not pursue the implementation of a waste biodiesel program for the plant operations vehicles fleet, as the high costs and current arrangements with fuel and vehicle suppliers make it impossible to implement such a program economically, despite the possible environmental benefits. Currently, these conditions make it difficult to implement the proposed fuel program, but it is recommended that UBC continue to research biodiesel on a small scale so that it can eventually be reliably produced to the standards that are required for fuel commercial vehicles. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
An investigation into wheat paper at UBC
Creators: name: Ansari-Gilani, Jobin
name: Harris, Donald
name: Jalali, Siavash
name: Xue, Youtai
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Wheat straw is an agricultural waste product which is currently unused in any heavy industrial processes. UBC has been approached by a company which sells paper produced from this material. This paper attempts to collect general information regarding the economic and sustainability differences between the two products. The goal is to present a suggested course of action in order to aid UBC in their decision about whether or not to adopt the product. From a sustainability perspective it appears that wheat is an excellent choice provided that transportation costs and emissions from shipping this product from India to not exceed the gains of switching to the new material. The vast majority of wheat straw is currently burned, and 90% of all paper products are made from wood. Being able to mitigate this waste will have direct implications for the sustainability of our forests. Recycling procedures for wheat paper are generally similar, though there is currently limited data regarding whether or not this new material would have any impact on UBC’s own recycling facilities. It is suggested that UBC adopt a limited trial run of this product in order to conduct more research into the implications of making a full switch. It is further recommended that UBC remain in dialogue with the supplier about their own sustainability initiatives in order to assure that that these decisions are in fact a step in the right direction. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Reserpine and Ketamine Effects on Temporal Discrimination in Female Rats
Creators: name: Friar, Mary
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Depression has been indicated to induce alterations in the perception of time. Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist has been shown to produce rapid and robust antidepressant effects in patients whom are suffering from major depressive disorder. The present study examined the effects of a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine (5.0 mg/kg) on time perception in depressed rodents. Female rats were trained on a fixed interval procedure. Following the temporal training, depression was induced by a daily injection of reserpine (0.2 mg/kg i.p.) for two weeks. Reserpine has been found to inhibit vesicular monoamine transporter, and as a result, depletes brain monoamines. Depressed state was confirmed by a forced swim test 24hours after the last reserpine injection. Followed by an injection of either ketamine or saline. After 24 hours, animals were retested in the fixed interval procedure and the forced swim test. Reserpine induced depression, as determined by the force swim test, but it did not cause distortion in time perception in the fixed interval procedure. In addition, a single injection of ketamine significantly increased escaping behavior in the force swim test. In cases of depression in which time perception is affected, treatments focusing on the monoamine system might not be effective. In future studies, focusing on commonly reported symptoms for depression, such as time disruption, might shed light on what type of treatment is effective.
JAPANESE BEEF IMPORT POLICY: IMPLICATIONS OF A REDUCTION IN THE PRODUCER SUBSIDY EQUIVALENT
Creators: name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: Williams, Gary W.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: Williams, Gary W.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper considers the likely dynamic consequences of a reduction in government assistance to Japanese beef producers through a negotiated, progressive reduction in the beef Producer Subsidy Equivalent. The major effect would be a significant increase in beef imports and relatively little effect on domestic beef output.
Testing the statistical compatibility of independent data sets
Creators: name: Maltoni, M.
name: Schwetz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a goodness-of-fit method which tests the compatibility between statistically independent data sets. The method gives sensible results even in cases where the chi^2-minima of the individual data sets are very low or when several parameters are fitted to a large number of data points. In particular, it avoids the problem that a possible disagreement between data sets becomes diluted by data points which are insensitive to the crucial parameters. A formal derivation of the probability distribution function for the proposed test statistic is given, based on standard theorems of statistics. The application of the method is illustrated on data from neutrino oscillation experiments, and its complementarity to the standard goodness-of-fit is discussed.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX file using RevTEX4, 2 figures and 2 tables included. Minor improvements to the text, one section added. Accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Bounds on M_W, M_t, Sin^2 theta_eff^lept
Creators: name: Ferroglia, A.
name: Ossola, G.
name: Sirlin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that the Standard Model is correct and taking into account the lower bound on M_H from direct searches, we discuss bounds on M_W, M_top, and Sin^2 theta_eff_lept at various confidence levels. This permits to identify theoretically favored ranges for these important parameters in the Standard Model framework, regardless of other observables. As an illustration of possible future developments, a hypothetical benchmark scenario, involving shifts less then 1 sigma in the experimental central values, is discussed.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures. Revised version: new paragraph inserted in the discussion and references added
Relativistic Dynamics of Fluctuations and QCD Critical Point
Creators: name: An, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent development on a systematic deterministic formalism describing dynamics of both bulk and fluctuations in an arbitrary relativistic hydrodynamic flow carrying conserved charges. In particular, we discuss the implementation of such general formalism near the QCD critical point.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure added; revised version accepted for publication in NPA
Lower bounds on the curvature of the Isgur-Wise function
Creators: name: Yaouanc, A. Le
name: Oliver, L.
name: Raynal, J. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the OPE, we obtain new sum rules in the heavy quark limit of QCD, in addition to those previously formulated. Key elements in their derivation are the consideration of the non-forward amplitude, plus the systematic use of boundary conditions that ensure that only a finite number of $j^P$ intermediate states (with their tower of radial excitations) contribute. A study of these sum rules shows that it is possible to bound the curvature $σ^2 = ξ''(1)$ of the elastic Isgur-Wise function $ξ(w)$ in terms of its slope $ρ^2 = - ξ'(1)$. Besides the bound $σ^2 \geq {5 \over 4} ρ^2$, previously demonstrated, we find the better bound $σ^2 \geq {1 \over 5} [4 ρ^2 + 3(ρ^2)^2]$. We show that the quadratic term ${3 \over 5} (ρ^2)^2$ has a transparent physical interpretation, as it is leading in a non-relativistic expansion in the mass of the light quark. At the lowest possible value for the slope $ρ^2 = {3 \over 4}$, both bounds imply the same bound for the curvature, $σ^2 \geq {15 \over 16}$. We point out that these results are consistent with the dispersive bounds, and, furthermore, that they strongly reduce the allowed region by the latter for $ξ(w)$.
description: 39 pages, 2 figures
Davacarus gressetti Hunter
Creators: name: Walter, David Evans
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Davacaridae
Davacarus
Davacarus gressetti

description: Davacarus gressetti Hunter
(figure 3A)
 Material examined. PARATYPES: South Georgia: female, King Edward, 12–14 November 1963, ex nest of shoemaker (Proceilaria aequinoctialis); male, Bird Island (54‡30’S, 38‡00’W), Macaroni Creek, 9 April 1963, ex nest greyheaded albatross, coll. H. B. Clagy. In OSAL.
 Other material examined. Îles Crozet: female, Île de la Possession, Baie du Navire near Port Alfred (46‡25’S, 51‡48’E), 2 July 1968, ex Poa cookii tussock on peat, coll. L. Davies. In OSAL. Heard Island: female, deutonymph, two males, Spit (53‡07’S, 73‡30’E), King Penguin, Pringlea, 21 October 1985, coll. H. Burton. In ANIC.
 Diagnosis. Brown davacarid mites with weakly reticulate podonotal shields; simple, relatively short opisthosomal setae: seven to eight setae on each mesonotal shield, 10 pairs of setae on the ventrianal shield; sternal setae st1 on small platelets. Anterior opisthosomal gland (gld1) on small platelet with two pores; all glands sessile. Endogynium (figure 3A) with strut-like base and a pair of lozenge-shaped processes with sparse punctae.
 Remarks. Davacarus gressetti was based on a series of 43 females, 46 males and 29 nymphs from collections on the western subantarctic Bird Island (54‡00’S, 38‡00’W), at the north-western extreme of South Georgia Island and from Royal Bay (54‡30’S, 36‡00’W) on the eastern side of the main island. The holotype female is from the nest of a black-browed albatross, and most of the rest of the series was from the nests of other seabirds (grey-headed and wandering albatross, dove prion, diving petrel and shoemaker), under rocks in a gentoo penguin rookery or in tussock grass. Subsequent collections have turned up D. gressetti on subantarctic islands far to the east (Île de la Possession, Heard Island), also in association with seabirds or grass tussocks. Only minor morphological variation seems to occur among these disparate populations on small oceanic islands, suggesting the existence of phoretic dispersal on seabirds. Such behaviour has not been shown in other Cercomegistina, but may have evolved in response to deteriorating climate in Antarctic populations during the Tertiary.
description: Published as part of Walter, David Evans, 2004, From the subantarctic to the subtropics: a revision of the Davacaridae Kethley, 1977 (Acari: Trigynaspida: Mesostigmata) with the description of a new genus and three new species, pp. 2033-2049 in Journal of Natural History 38 (16) on page 2045, DOI: 10.1080/00222930310001617733, http://zenodo.org/record/4676074