cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Regulation of host tyrosine kinases by the Escherichia coli and Salmonella ADP ribosyltransferases EspJ, SeoC and SboC
Creators: name: Pollard, Dominic James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The human pathogens enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EPEC and EHEC) and Salmonella enterica are responsible for a significant proportion of the global diarrhoeal disease burden. EPEC, EHEC and the mouse restricted pathogen C. rodentium (CR) make up the attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens. CR is used to model EPEC/EHEC pathogenesis in vivo, where it colonises the apical surface of mouse intestinal mucosae, destroying microvilli and inducing colonic crypt hyperplasia (CCH) and diarrhoeal disease symptoms. The type three secretion system (T3SS) is instrumental to the infectivity of the A/E pathogens, as well as Salmonella, through the injection of sets of effector proteins into the host cell cytosol for the manipulation of host cell signalling. Prior to this study the A/E pathogens T3SS effector EspJ was identified as a novel enzyme that can disrupt FcγR and C3R mediated phagocytosis, dependent upon a functional ADP ribosyltransferase (ART) domain. In vitro EspJ was shown to inhibit Src kinase through simultaneous amidation and ADP ribosylation of a conserved kinase domain residue, E310. This study shows that the inhibition of phagocytosis is conserved by the EspJ homologues Salmonella enterica subsp. salamae and arizonae SeoC, S. bongori SboC and Y. enterocolitica YspJ. SeoC is secreted by the Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI) 1 T3SS but does not impact Salmonella entry into host cells. An in vitro proteomics assay showed that EspJEHEC could ADP ribosylate a multitude of host non receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTK), including Src and its inhibitor Csk which were also ADP ribosylated by SeoC and SboC, but not YspJ. Finally, a proteomics comparison of IECs purified from mice infected with CR expressing functional or non functional EspJ, suggested that EspJ modulates host inflammation and the immune system in vivo.
Additional file 1 of Novel lipid profiles and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: insights from a latent profile analysis
Creators: name: Wan, Hongli
name: Wu, Haisheng
name: Wei, Yuxi
name: Wang, Simin
name: Ji, Yuqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Fig. S1 Relationships between TyG, HDL, LDL and TC with the risk of CHD by the restricted cubic spline (RCS) method. TC, total cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; TyG, the triglyceride-glucose; CHD, coronary heart disease. Table S1 Associations between covariates and ASCVD.
Eisenmenger syndrome physiology. mechanisms of disease, response to novel therapies and mortality risk stratification
Creators: name: Kempny, Aleksander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) represents the extreme manifestation of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Yet, survival prospects and exercise performance vary significantly among ES patients. Those at higher risk of death may benefit from closer follow-up, more intense conservative management and may be considered for heart and lung or, occasionally, lung-only transplantation. Yet, mortality risk assessment is challenging and there were in 2013 no established mortality risk stratification methods. I explore in this thesis the pathophysiology of ES and the prognostic significance of commonly used clinical markers of disease progression. Chapters III – VI present analyses performed on a large cohort of patients with ES at the Royal Brompton Hospital in London while Chapter VII presents results of the largest multicentre study on mortality risk stratification in ES. Chapter III explores the exercise physiology and methods for assessment of exercise performance in ES. I demonstrate that six-minute walk test (6MWT) distance and arterial oxygen saturation (SO2) at rest significantly contribute to mortality risk stratification. Chapter IV and V discuss the role of inflammation and dysproteinaemia in ES and demonstrate that assessment of serum C-reactive protein and albumin levels may contribute to prognostication. Chapter VI discusses the challenges associated with multivariable mortality risk stratification in ES and the pathophysiologic rationale for collection of selected parameters in the multicentre study. Chapter VII presents the results of a multicentre study for assessment of mortality and predictors of death in contemporary ES patients. I demonstrate that five simple, non-invasive predictors of death, including age, SO2, type of shunt, 6MWT distance and presence or absence of pericardial effusion on echocardiography, enable accurate mortality risk stratification. These predictors identify a high-risk subgroup which may benefit from optimization of therapy or transplantation.
Efficient data augmentation for multivariate probit models with panel data: An application to general practitioner decision-making about contraceptives
Creators: name: Chin, Vincent
name: Gunawan, David
name: Fiebig, Denzil G.
name: Kohn, Robert
name: Sisson, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article considers the problem of estimating a multivariate probit model in a panel data setting with emphasis on sampling a high-dimensional correlation matrix and improving the overall efficiency of the data augmentation approach. We reparameterise the correlation matrix in a principled way and then carry out efficient Bayesian inference using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo. We also propose a novel antithetic variable method to generate samples from the posterior distribution of the random effects and regression coefficients, resulting in significant gains in efficiency. We apply the methodology by analysing stated preference data obtained from Australian general practitioners evaluating alternative contraceptive products. Our analysis suggests that the joint probability of discussing combinations of contraceptive products with a patient shows medical practice variation among the general practitioners, which indicates some resistance to even discuss these products, let alone recommend them.
Additional file 1 of Renal disorders in Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Candidiasis Ectodermal dystrophy (APECED): a systematic review
Creators: name: Shafiei, Mohammadreza
name: Hosseini, Solale
name: Ghadimi, Soodeh
name: Mirzaee, Mahbubeh
name: Keikhah, Mohammadamin
name: Ardalan, Nastaran
name: Mohkam, Masoumeh
name: Tamiji, Mehrdad
name: Jamee, Mahnaz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1.
Parus caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus caeruleus

description: Parus caeruleus [spec. nov.]
P. remigibus caerulescentibus: primoribus margine exteriore albis, fronte alba, vertice caeruleo. Fn. svec. 240.
Parus caeruleus. Bell. av. 96. a. Gesn. av. 641. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 17. Will. orn. 175. Frisch. av. 3. t. 14. f. 1.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Prognostic validity of a clinical trunk control test for independence and walking in individuals with spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Quinzaños-Fresnedo, Jimena
name: Fratini-Escobar, Paola C.
name: Kievka M. Almaguer-Benavides
name: Aguirre-Güemez, Ana Valeria
name: Aída Barrera-Ortíz
name: Pérez-Zavala, Ramiro
name: Villa-Romero, Antonio Rafael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Objective: The objective of the present work was to determine the prognostic validity of the trunk control test for walking and independence in individuals with SCI. Design: A cohort, prospective study was carried out in all individuals with sub-acute SCI. Setting: All inpatients at the Mexico City based National Rehabilitation Institute (INR). Participants: Ninety individuals with a clinical diagnosis of sub-acute SCI, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A-D, and that have not participated in a rehabilitation program were included. Thirty-five individuals had good initial trunk control and the remaining 55 had poor trunk control. All individuals participated in a standard rehabilitation program subsequently. Interventions: N/A Outcome Measures: The trunk control test was performed at baseline. At 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the first evaluation, walking and independence were assessed. Results: Survival Analysis revealed that 62.5% and 100% individuals with good trunk control at baseline assessment were respectively walking and independent in ADL at 12 months and 14% and 48% individuals with poor trunk control were walking and independent in ADL. Cox regression analysis revealed that individuals with good trunk control were 4.6 times more likely to walk independently at 12 months and 2.9 times more likely to be independent in activities of daily living. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the trunk control test is useful for providing a prognosis of independence and walking at 1 year in individuals with SCI, independently of the neurologic level and the severity of the injury.
Additional file 1 of “I’m not going to lay back and watch somebody die”: a qualitative study of how people who use drugs’ naloxone experiences are shaped by rural risk environment and overdose education/naloxone distribution intervention
Creators: name: Kesich, Zora
name: Ibragimov, Umedjon
name: Komro, Kelli
name: Lane, Kenneth
name: Livingston, Melvin
name: Young, April
name: Cooper, Hannah L. F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. C2H OEND Materials.
Additional file 1 of Translation and Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Rating-of-Fatigue Scale
Creators: name: Barreira, João
name: Brito, João
name: Nakamura, Fábio Yuzo
name: Figueiredo, Pedro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1: Figure S1. Portuguese version of the ROF scale.
From Bethlehem to Nazareth - And a memorial in Bethany
Creators: name: van der Hoeven, Adrie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Religious Studies

description: This article harmonizes the first chapters of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke by letting them touch one another in an inn in Bethany where the young Holy Family lodged on their return journey from Bethlehem towards Nazareth.
Phase chimera states on non-local hyperrings
Creators: name: Muolo, Riccardo
name: Njougouo, Thierry
name: Gambuzza, Lucia Valentina
name: Carletti, Timoteo
name: Frasca, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chimera states are dynamical states where regions of synchronous trajectories coexist with incoherent ones. A significant amount of research has been devoted to study chimera states in systems of identical oscillators, non-locally coupled through pairwise interactions. Nevertheless, there is an increasing evidence, also supported by available data, that complex systems are composed by multiple units experiencing many-body interactions, that can be modeled by using higher-order structures beyond the paradigm of classic pairwise networks. In this work we investigate whether phase chimera states appear in this framework, by focusing on a novel topology solely involving many-body, non-local and non-regular interactions, hereby named non-local d-hyperring, being (d+1) the order of the interactions. We present the theory by using the paradigmatic Stuart-Landau oscillators as node dynamics, and show that phase chimera states emerge in a variety of structures and with different coupling functions. For comparison, we show that, when higher-order interactions are "flattened" to pairwise ones, the chimera behavior is weaker and more elusive.
Maximum a posteriori estimation of quantum states
Creators: name: Siddhu, Vikesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a Bayesian methodology, we introduce the maximum a posteriori~(MAP) estimator for quantum state and process tomography. The maximum likelihood, hedged maximum likelihood, maximum likelihood-maximum entropy estimator, and estimators of this general type, can be viewed as special cases of the MAP estimator. The MAP, like the Bayes mean estimator includes prior knowledge, however for cases of interest to tomography can take advantage of convex optimization tools making it numerically easier to compute. We show how the MAP and other Bayesian quantum state estimators can be corrected for noise produced if the quantum state passes through a noisy quantum channel prior to measurement.
description: 10 pages. Version 2 has an additional Sec. 4.1 with application to qubit tomography under noise, and an Appendix on convex optimization over qubit density operators
Compact free-running InGaAs/InP single-photon detector with 40% detection efficiency and 2.3 kcps dark count rate
Creators: name: Xu, Qi
name: Yu, Chao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Zhao, Jianglin
name: Cui, Dajian
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free-running InGaAs/InP single-photon detectors (SPDs) based on negative-feedback avalanche diodes (NFADs) are the key components for applications requiring asynchronous single-photon detection in the near-infrared region. From the perspective of practical applications, the features of SPDs in terms of high photon detection efficiency (PDE), low noise, large sensitive area, and compactness are highly desired for system integration and performance enhancement. Here, we present the implementation of a compact four-channel multimode fiber coupling free-running InGaAs/InP SPD, with the best overall performance to date. On the one hand, we design and fabricate structure-optimized InGaAs/InP NFAD devices with 25 $μ$m diameter active area and integrated thin film resistors to enhance the maximum achievable PDE. On the other hand, we apply a compact thermoacoustic cryocooler to regulate the operating temperature of NFADs within a large range, and design a dedicated readout circuit with minimized parasitic parameters and tunable settings of hold-off time to suppress the afterpulsing effect. The SPD is then characterized to achieve remarkable overall performance simultaneously at 1550 nm, i.e., 40% PDE, 2.3 kcps dark count rate, 8% afterpulse probability and 49 ps timing jitter (full width at half maximum) under the conditions of 5.9 V excess bias voltage, 10 $μ$s hold-off time and 213 K operation temperature. Such performance and the results of the long-term stability tests indicate that the SPD could be a favorable solution for practical applications.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
Parus ater Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus ater

description: Parus ater [spec. nov.]
P. capite nigro, dorso cinereo, occipite pectoreque albo. Fn. svec. 241.
Parus ater. Gesn. av. 641. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 19. Will. orn. 175. t. 43. Raj. av. 73. n. 2. Frisch. av. 3. t. 13. f. 3.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Sleep-disordered breathing in patients with implanted cardiac devices: validation of the ApneaScanTM algorithm and implications for prognosis
Creators: name: Pearse, Simon
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Aims Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in heart failure (HF) and frequently undiagnosed. The ApneaScanTM algorithm, available on certain ICD and CRT devices, uses changes in transthoracic impedance with breathing to quantify SDB. This research tests 3 hypotheses: 1) The ApneaScanTM algorithm can accurately detect moderate-to-severe SDB in patients with HF 2) There is minimal night-to-night variability in the ApneaScanTM-determined severity of SDB 3) Those with moderate-to-severe SDB, assessed by ApneaScanTM, have a higher rate of adverse cardiovascular events than those without. Methods Patients with EF≤40% and ICD or CRT devices incorporating ApneaScanTM were recruited. For hypothesis 1, 54 subjects underwent a successful sleep polygraphy study and simultaneous download of ApneaScanTM data. 22 subjects (44%) had undiagnosed moderate-to-severe SDB. The area under the ROC curve was 0.84 for the diagnosis of moderate-to-severe SDB. The optimal ApneaScan cut-off was 30.5/hour (sensitivity 95%, specificity 69%, positive predictive value 68%, negative predictive value 95%). For hypothesis 2, ApneaScanTM data over 28- and 92-nights in 35 patients was reviewed. There was minimal variability in SDB and no significant difference between durations. For hypothesis 3, 72 patients were followed up at a median of 532 (IQR 386-736) days.Mean event-free survival was 660±344 days (95% CI 535-785 days) in the insignificant SDB group and 854±413 days (95% CI 730-978 days) in the significant SDB group (p=0.25 by log rank test). Conclusions ApneaScanTM, with an optimal cut-off of 30.5 events/hour, is a sensitive means of screening for SDB in patients with HF with a high negative predictive value. Readings above 30.5/hour require further investigation with a sleep study. Night-to-night variability in SDB is minimal and repeat sleep studies should be reserved for those with ‘borderline’ AHI. In this cohort, the presence of SDB was not associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Recruitment is on-going to test this further.
A panoramic view of nonlinear valuation encompassing valuation adjustments
Creators: name: Francischello, Marco
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The primary objective of this work is to give a consistent framework for the valuation of over the counter (OTC) derivatives in presence of market features such as collateral agreements, funding costs, credit risk, liquidity risk, and capital constraints. In particular, we expand the framework of Pallavicini et al. 2011 and we show its equivalence with the work of Bielecki and Rutkowski 2015. Furthermore, we obtain a decomposition of the value into the risk-free price and valuation adjustments. Analysing this decomposition, we illustrate how to account for funding costs at bank and shareholder level, and how to evaluate the netting sets that form a bank portfolio consistently. We then show the well posedness of our valuation equation using Backward Stochastic Differential Equation techniques. As an application we apply our framework to evaluate interest rate derivatives in a multi-curve setting. We conclude analysing the impact of capital constraints in determining the value of a derivative contract.
Plithogeny, Plithogenic Set, Logic, Probability, and Statistics
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10107 Mathematical Logic, Set Theory, Lattices and Universal Algebra
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this book we introduce for the first time, as generalization of dialectics and neutrosophy, the philosophical concept called plithogeny. And as its derivatives: the plithogenic set (as generalization of crisp, fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy, and neutrosophic sets), plithogenic logic (as generalization of classical, fuzzy, intuitionistic fuzzy, and neutrosophic logics), plithogenic probability (as generalization of classical, imprecise, and neutrosophic probabilities), and plithogenic statistics (as generalization of classical, and neutrosophic statistics).
Neutrosofía: Nuevos avances en el tratamiento de la incertidumbre
Creators: name: Vázquez, Maikel Leyva
name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Algebra

description: El presente libro muestra los avances en la neutrosofía llevados al idioma español. Además, presenta implementaciones computacionales utilizando los cuadernos de Jupyter. Constituye un avance a la aplicación de la neutrosofía en distintas situaciones prácticas. Es un avance en especial para el público para los hispanoparlantes. El capítulo 1 aborda la introducción a la neutrosofía y su evolución. El capítulo 2 está dedicado a distintos modelos de toma de decisiones. El capítulo 3 por su parte es dedicado a los modelos de recomendación basados en conocimiento y el capítulo 4 a los mapas cognitivos neutrosóficos.
The contact electrogram and its architectural determinants in atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Zaman, Junaid
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The electrogram is the sine qua non of excitable tissues, yet classification in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains poorly related to substrate factors. The objective of this thesis was to establish the relationship between electrograms and two commonly implicated substrate factors, connexin 43 and fibrosis in AF. The substrates and methods chosen to achieve this ranged from human acutely induced AF using open chest surgical mapping (Chapter 6), ex vivo whole heart Langendorff (Chapter 7) with in vivo telemetry confirming spontaneous AF in a new species of rat, the Brown Norway and finally isolated atrial preparations from an older cohort of rats using orthogonal pacing and novel co-localisation methods at sub-millimetre resolution and in some atria, optical mapping (Chapter 8). In rodents, electrode size and spacing was varied (Chapters 5, 10) to study its effects on structure function correlations (Chapter 9). Novel indices of AF organisation and automated electrogram morphology were used to quantify function (Chapter 4). Key results include the discoveries that humans without any history of prior AF have sinus rhythm electrograms with high spectral frequency content, that wavefront propagation velocities correlated with fibrosis and connexin phosphorylation ratios, that AF heterogeneity of conduction correlates to fibrosis and that orthogonal pacing in heavily fibrosed atria causes anisotropy in electrogram-fibrosis correlations. Furthermore, fibrosis and connexin 43 have differing and distinct spatial resolutions in their relationship with AF organisational indices. In conclusion a new model of AF has been found, and structure function correlations shown on an unprecedented scale, but with caveats of electrode size and direction dependence. These findings impact structure function methods and prove the effect of substrate on AF organisation.
Reinvestigation of $^{91}$Sr and $^{95}$Y atomic masses using the JYFLTRAP Penning trap
Creators: name: Jaries, A.
name: Stryjczyk, M.
name: Kankainen, A.
name: Eronen, T.
name: Ge, Z.
name: Mougeot, M.
name: Raggio, A.
name: Ruotsalainen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the precise mass measurements of the $^{91}$Sr and $^{95}$Y isotopes performed using the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap mass spectrometer. The mass-excess values from this work, ${\mathrm{ME}(^{91}\mathrm{Sr}) = -83645.5(13)}$ keV and ${\mathrm{ME}(^{95}\mathrm{Y}) = -81226.4(10)}$ keV, deviate by 6.5(52) keV and $-18(7)$ keV from the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2020 (AME20). In the case of $^{91}$Sr the new result disagrees with the ISOLTRAP value, while for $^{95}$Y, it agrees with the older JYFLTRAP value.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
The role of plant-based food structures on gastrointestinal digestion, colonic fermentation and glucose homeostasis
Creators: name: Petropoulou, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Evidence suggests that dietary resistant starch (RS) has a positive impact on controlling blood glucose levels possibly via increased colonic fermentation and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and hence reducing susceptibility to T2D. Naturally occurring mutations of plants lacking the starch branching enzyme (SBE) result in lower digestible carbohydrate content and higher amounts of RS delivery to the colon (Bhattacharyya et al., 1990). Drawing on insights from basic plant science and genetics, this thesis aimed to improve our understanding of how the consumption of differently processed plant-based foods leads to physiological effects associated with health benefits. Wild type (RR) peas were used as the control and mutant (rr) peas as the intervention group. The effect of further processing and associated health outcomes was studied using and comparing pea flour and pea derived products from both genotypes (RR and rr). Study 1 investigated the effect of peas and pea flour on gastric emptying (GE) and acute glycaemia. GE analysis showed no differences between RR and rr peas or peas flour. However, analysis indicated different glucose kinetics. The rr genotype exhibited significantly lower glucose concentrations as opposed to the RR genotype. Study 2 investigated the effect of peas and pea flour on gastric and small intestinal digestion. Metabolomic profiling indicated different digestion patterns between the two genotypes: different glucose related biomarkers outcomes were observed with the rr genotype exhibiting lower concentrations. Study 3 investigated the effect of peas and pea flour consumption on colonic fermentation. The rr genotype significantly increased the production of SCFAs propionate and butyrate. Study 4 investigated the effect of 28 days of RR and rr pea derived products consumption on glucose homeostasis via a gut dependent mechanism. Glucose homeostasis parameters were not improved despite changes in gut microbiota composition between or within groups. The physico-chemical characteristics of the rr genotype coupled with limited starch digestibility (high RS content) had the greatest impact on lowering postprandial blood glucose in the acute studies. Changes in gut microbiota are a consequence of lower carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine and increased delivery of RS to the colon and did not alter glucose homeostasis biomarkers over 4 weeks of consumption.
The bordered Heegaard Floer homology of link complements
Creators: name: Hockenhull, Thomas Henry
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis, I describe the construction of an A-infinity multi-module in terms of counts of holomorphic polygons in a series of Heegaard multi-diagrams, and show that this is quasi-isomorphic to the type-A bordered-sutured invariant of a link complement.
Parus palustris Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus palustris

description: Parus palustris [spec. nov.]
P. capite nigro, temporibus albis, dorso cinereo. Faun. svec. 242.
Parus palustris. Gesn. av. 642. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 18. Will. orn. 175. t. 43. Raj. av. 73. n. 3. Alb. av. 3. p. 54. t. 58. Frisch. av. 3. t. 13. f. 4.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Effect of ageing on carotid artery morphology, hemodynamics, and the development of atherosclerosis.
Creators: name: Carallo, Claudio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Cardiovascular diseases and ageing are two main challenges for health services. Cardiovascular disease is characterised by atherosclerosis, leading to heart attack and stroke. Atherosclerosis is a focal disease and occurs preferentially in regions of arterial bifurcation and curvature where complex flow features are observed. The carotid arteries represent a region of significant involvement in atherosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that haemodynamic factors are important determinants of the local distribution of atherosclerosis. However, longitudinal studies are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes in carotid artery morphology and haemodynamics based on longitudinal data acquired from a group of middle-aged subjects recruited to a cardiovascular disease prevention programme in Italy. The longitudinal study started in 1996 and participants were examined twice 12 years apart. All subjects underwent blood viscosity measurements and echo-Doppler examinations of the common carotid artery at baseline and follow-up. From the acquired ultrasound data, common carotid artery diameter, blood flow velocity, and intima-media thickness were measured, and wall shear stress, circumferential wall tension and Peterson elastic modulus were calculated. It was found that with ageing, blood viscosity increased, common carotid artery diameter increased, mean blood velocity and wall shear stress decreased, while intima-media thickness, circumferential wall tension and arterial stiffness increased. Interrelationships of the data were also examined: reductions in common carotid wall shear stress were independently associated with intima-media thickening. Furthermore, ageing-associated wall shear stress reduction predicted the development of atherosclerotic plaques, independently of known cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, in participants presenting shear stress reductions in only one side of the common carotid artery, development of atherosclerosis in the carotid tree was limited to the same body side. In conclusion, this longitudinal study confirms the role of arterial wall shear stress as a mediator of the effects of ageing on atherosclerosis.
Systematics of the HAL QCD Potential at Low Energies in Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Iritani, Takumi
name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Doi, Takumi
name: Gongyo, Shinya
name: Hatsuda, Tetsuo
name: Ikeda, Yoichi
name: Inoue, Takashi
name: Ishii, Noriyoshi
name: Nemura, Hidekatsu
name: Sasaki, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $ΞΞ$ interaction in the $^1$S$_0$ channel is studied to examine the convergence of the derivative expansion of the non-local HAL QCD potential at the next-to-next-to-leading order (N$^2$LO). We find that (i) the leading order potential from the N$^2$LO analysis gives the scattering phase shifts accurately at low energies, (ii) the full N$^2$LO potential gives only small correction to the phase shifts even at higher energies below the inelastic threshold, and (iii) the potential determined from the wall quark source at the leading order analysis agrees with the one at the N$^2$LO analysis except at short distances, and thus, it gives correct phase shifts at low energies. We also study the possible systematic uncertainties in the HAL QCD potential such as the inelastic state contaminations and the finite volume artifact for the potential and find that they are well under control for this particular system.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Unsupervised Learning by Competing Hidden Units
Creators: name: Krotov, Dmitry
name: Hopfield, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: It is widely believed that the backpropagation algorithm is essential for learning good feature detectors in early layers of artificial neural networks, so that these detectors are useful for the task performed by the higher layers of that neural network. At the same time, the traditional form of backpropagation is biologically implausible. In the present paper we propose an unusual learning rule, which has a degree of biological plausibility, and which is motivated by Hebb's idea that change of the synapse strength should be local - i.e. should depend only on the activities of the pre and post synaptic neurons. We design a learning algorithm that utilizes global inhibition in the hidden layer, and is capable of learning early feature detectors in a completely unsupervised way. These learned lower layer feature detectors can be used to train higher layer weights in a usual supervised way so that the performance of the full network is comparable to the performance of standard feedforward networks trained end-to-end with a backpropagation algorithm.
Fundamental limits to near-field optical response, over any bandwidth
Creators: name: Shim, Hyungki
name: Fan, Lingling
name: Johnson, Steven G.
name: Miller, Owen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytical framework to derive upper bounds to light--matter interactions in the optical near field, where applications ranging from spontaneous-emission amplification to greater-than-blackbody heat transfer show transformative potential. Our framework connects the classic complex-analytic properties of causal fields with newly developed energy-conservation principles, resulting in a new class of power--bandwidth limits. These limits demonstrate the possibility of orders-of-magnitude enhancement in near-field optical response with the right combination of material and geometry. At specific frequency and bandwidth combinations, the bounds can be closely approached by canonical plasmonic geometries, with the opportunity for new designs to emerge away from those frequency ranges. Embedded in the bounds is a material "figure of merit," which determines the maximum response of any material (metal/dielectric, bulk/2D, etc.), for any frequency and bandwidth. Our bounds on local density of states (LDOS) represent maximal spontaneous-emission enhancements, our bounds on cross density of states (CDOS) limit electromagnetic-field correlations, and our bounds on radiative heat transfer (RHT) represent the first such analytical rule, revealing fundamental limits relative to the classical Stefan--Boltzmann law.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0092r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0092r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0092r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Additional file 2 of “I’m not going to lay back and watch somebody die”: a qualitative study of how people who use drugs’ naloxone experiences are shaped by rural risk environment and overdose education/naloxone distribution intervention
Creators: name: Kesich, Zora
name: Ibragimov, Umedjon
name: Komro, Kelli
name: Lane, Kenneth
name: Livingston, Melvin
name: Young, April
name: Cooper, Hannah L. F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. Codebook.
Parus caudatus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus caudatus

description: Parus caudatus [spec. nov.]
P. vertice albo, cauda corpore longiore. Fn. svec. 243. t. 1. f. 243.
Parus caudatus. Gesn. av. 642. fig. infima. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 15. Will. orn. 176. t. 43. Raj. av. 74. n. 8. Alb. av. 2. p. 53. t. 57. f. 1.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Teleo-Reactive Programs for Agent Control
Creators: name: Nilsson, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A formalism is presented for computing and organizing actions for autonomous agents in dynamic environments. We introduce the notion of teleo-reactive (T-R) programs whose execution entails the construction of circuitry for the continuous computation of the parameters and conditions on which agent action is based. In addition to continuous feedback, T-R programs support parameter binding and recursion. A primary difference between T-R programs and many other circuit-based systems is that the circuitry of T-R programs is more compact; it is constructed at run time and thus does not have to anticipate all the contingencies that might arise over all possible runs. In addition, T-R programs are intuitive and easy to write and are written in a form that is compatible with automatic planning and learning methods. We briefly describe some experimental applications of T-R programs in the control of simulated and actual mobile robots.
description: See http://www.jair.org/ for any accompanying files
Heptazine, Cyclazine, and Related Compounds: Chemically-Accurate Estimates of the Inverted Singlet-Triplet Gap
Creators: name: Loos, Pierre-François
name: Lipparini, Filippo
name: Jacquemin, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecules that violate Hund's rule and exhibit an inverted gap between the lowest singlet $S_1$ and triplet $T_1$ excited states have attracted considerable attention due to their potential applications in optoelectronics. Amongst these molecules, the triangular-shaped heptazine, and its derivatives, have been in the limelight. However, conflicting reports have arisen regarding the relative energies of $S_1$ and $T_1$. Here, we employ highly accurate levels of theory, such as CC3, to not only resolve the debate concerning the sign but also quantify the magnitude of the $S_1$-$T_1$ gap. We also determine the 0-0 energies to evaluate the significance of the vertical approximation. In addition, we compute reference $S_1$-$T_1$ gaps for a series of 10 related molecules. This enables us to benchmark lower-order methods for future applications on larger systems within the same family of compounds. This contribution can serve as a reliable foundation for the design of triangular-shaped molecules with enhanced photophysical properties.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, supporting information available
First Gaia Dynamics of the Andromeda System: DR2 Proper Motions, Orbits, and Rotation of M31 and M33
Creators: name: van der Marel, Roeland P.
name: Fardal, Mark A.
name: Sohn, Sangmo Tony
name: Patel, Ekta
name: Besla, Gurtina
name: del Pino-Molina, Andrés
name: Sahlmann, Johannes
name: Watkins, Laura L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3D velocities of M31 and M33 are important for understanding the evolution and cosmological context of the Local Group. Their most massive stars are detected by Gaia, and we use Data Release 2 (DR2) to determine the galaxy proper motions (PMs). We select galaxy members based on, e.g., parallax, PM, color-magnitude-diagram location, and local stellar density. The PM rotation of both galaxies is confidently detected, consistent with the known line-of-sight rotation curves: $V_{\rm rot} = -206\pm86$ km s$^{-1}$ (counter-clockwise) for M31, and $V_{\rm rot} = 80\pm52$ km s$^{-1}$ (clockwise) for M33. We measure the center-of-mass PM of each galaxy relative to surrounding background quasars in DR2. This yields that $(μ_{α*},μ_δ)$ equals $(65 \pm 18 , -57 \pm 15)$ $μ$as yr$^{-1}$ for M31, and $(31 \pm 19 , -29 \pm 16)$ $μ$as yr$^{-1}$ for M33. In addition to the listed random errors, each component has an additional residual systematic error of 16 $μ$as yr$^{-1}$. These results are consistent at 0.8$σ$ and 1.0$σ$ with the (2 and 3 times higher-accuracy) measurements already available from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical imaging and VLBA water maser observations, respectively. This lends confidence that all these measurements are robust. The new results imply that the M31 orbit towards the Milky Way is somewhat less radial than previously inferred, $V_{\rm tan, DR2+HST} = 57^{+35}_{-31}$ km s$^{-1}$, and strengthen arguments that M33 may be on its first infall into M31. The results highlight the future potential of Gaia for PM studies beyond the Milky Way satellite system.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, ApJ, in press
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) 2.0: A Manifesto of Open Challenges and Interdisciplinary Research Directions
Creators: name: Longo, Luca
name: Brcic, Mario
name: Cabitza, Federico
name: Choi, Jaesik
name: Confalonieri, Roberto
name: Del Ser, Javier
name: Guidotti, Riccardo
name: Hayashi, Yoichi
name: Herrera, Francisco
name: Holzinger, Andreas
name: Jiang, Richard
name: Khosravi, Hassan
name: Lecue, Freddy
name: Malgieri, Gianclaudio
name: Páez, Andrés
name: Samek, Wojciech
name: Schneider, Johannes
name: Speith, Timo
name: Stumpf, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.0; H.1.2; I.2; I.2.6; K.4; K.5

description: As systems based on opaque Artificial Intelligence (AI) continue to flourish in diverse real-world applications, understanding these black box models has become paramount. In response, Explainable AI (XAI) has emerged as a field of research with practical and ethical benefits across various domains. This paper not only highlights the advancements in XAI and its application in real-world scenarios but also addresses the ongoing challenges within XAI, emphasizing the need for broader perspectives and collaborative efforts. We bring together experts from diverse fields to identify open problems, striving to synchronize research agendas and accelerate XAI in practical applications. By fostering collaborative discussion and interdisciplinary cooperation, we aim to propel XAI forward, contributing to its continued success. Our goal is to put forward a comprehensive proposal for advancing XAI. To achieve this goal, we present a manifesto of 27 open problems categorized into nine categories. These challenges encapsulate the complexities and nuances of XAI and offer a road map for future research. For each problem, we provide promising research directions in the hope of harnessing the collective intelligence of interested stakeholders.
Data Management Planning - Non-RCUK Funding Applicants
Creators: name: Burnham, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Date 02 September 2015 (original 15 July 2013)Version 1-3This document is an adaptation of a document produced by the data.bris team at the University of Bristol, whose permission to adapt the document is gratefully acknowledged.
This legacy document reflects the research data management guidelines for non-RCUK funding applicants.
Created as part of the JISCMRD Programme (2011-2013).
Learning the Past Tense of English Verbs: The Symbolic Pattern Associator vs. Connectionist Models
Creators: name: Ling, C. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning the past tense of English verbs - a seemingly minor aspect of language acquisition - has generated heated debates since 1986, and has become a landmark task for testing the adequacy of cognitive modeling. Several artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been implemented, and a challenge for better symbolic models has been posed. In this paper, we present a general-purpose Symbolic Pattern Associator (SPA) based upon the decision-tree learning algorithm ID3. We conduct extensive head-to-head comparisons on the generalization ability between ANN models and the SPA under different representations. We conclude that the SPA generalizes the past tense of unseen verbs better than ANN models by a wide margin, and we offer insights as to why this should be the case. We also discuss a new default strategy for decision-tree learning algorithms.
description: See http://www.jair.org/ for an online appendix and other files accompanying this article