cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Insights on the Fates of Diarylamine Radical-Trapping Antioxidants During Inhibited Autoxidations Using Isotopically-Enriched Compounds
Creators: name: Penner, Neill
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: diarylamine
antioxidant
autoxidation
radical
hydrocarbon
HMBC

description: The oxidative degradation of organic materials typically operates through a radical-mediated chain mechanism known as autoxidation; a process that has severe consequences in both biological settings (i.e. accumulation of lipid peroxides) and non-living substrates (i.e. breakdown of petroleum-derived materials, such as lubricants/oils, plastics, polymers, rubbers, etc.). However, autoxidation can be retarded by radical-trapping antioxidants (RTAs); chemical species that capture chain-carrying radicals to break the chain of oxidation. A particular class of RTA, diarylamines, have proven especially effective at elevated temperatures due to a purported catalytic mechanism of inhibiting autoxidation, and thus, have found significant use as protective agents in engine lubricant oils. However, the current diarylamine technology struggles to manage the increased oxidative stress placed on it by modern internal combustion engines (ICEs), which burn fuel at higher temperatures in order to meet emission standards. Designing superior diarylamines is not straightforward, however, as the mechanisms by which they are forced from their catalytic cycle are not well understood. Herein, we report our investigations into the fate of an industrially-representative, isotopically-enriched diarylamine during hydrocarbon autoxidation at elevated temperatures using a novel 2D 1H – 15N heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectroscopic technique. Synthesis of a small scope of oxidation products allowed for the identification of a previously unreported product of diarylamine autoxidation. Additionally, a consistent pattern of diarylamine speciation under varying conditions was observed spectroscopically. Use of the HMBC technique also confirmed previous reports of the regenerative ability of the diarylamine and the intermediates of its purported catalytic cycle. Quantification studies using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) during the early stages of autoxidation provided insight into the formation of initial diarylaminic intermediates. Additionally, we examined the fate of the diarylamine during autoxidations in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are found in the blow-by gas of ICEs and have been shown to exacerbate hydrocarbon autoxidation. The performance of diarylamine was drastically reduced under such conditions, and HMBC spectroscopy illustrated its rapid conversion to a number of intermediates. The most prominent two intermediates were identified as mono- and di-nitrated analogues of the original diarylamine, and were demonstrated to possess no RTA activity; regardless of temperature or substrate. HMBC spectroscopy also illustrated the differences in product distribution under each set of conditions.
Large-Scale Structure of the Universe as a Cosmic Standard Ruler
Creators: name: Park, Changbom
name: Kim, Young-Rae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use the large-scale structure of the universe as a cosmic standard ruler, based on the fact that the pattern of galaxy distribution should be maintained in the course of time on large scales. By examining the scale-dependence of the pattern in different redshift intervals it is possible to reconstruct the expansion history of the universe, and thus to measure the cosmological parameters governing the expansion of the universe. The features in the galaxy distribution that can be used as standard rulers include the topology of large-scale structure and the overall shapes of galaxy power spectrum and correlation function. The genus, being an intrinsic topology measure, is resistant against the non-linear gravitational evolution, galaxy biasing, and redshift-space distortion effects, and thus is ideal for quantifying the primordial topology of the large-scale structure. The expansion history of the universe can be constrained by comparing among the genus measured at different redshifts. In the case of initially Gaussian fluctuations the genus accurately recovers the slope of the primordial power spectrum near the smoothing scale, and the expansion history can be constrained by comparing between the predicted and measured genus.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJL
Analyzing Facebook User Risk using Machine Learning Algorithm
Creators: name: Arnab Barua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computation Theory and Mathematics

description: Facebook has revolutionized the way people communicate with peers and close relatives, these users share personal information with Facebook. In any case, the majority of them don't have the foggiest idea how to utilize, where to click, where not to, where to remark, and where not to. A considerable lot of them are posting on Facebook anything they desire and wish. This posting, fellowship, and so on once in a while brings shocking occasions like identity theft, phishing, Cyber-wrongdoing, and so on. So, Social media security has captured a great concern among the public and authority. At present, many features have been added to reduce the risk of hacking information. It is widely acknowledged that these features have played an important role in the security system. The essential focal point of this paper is on the security ramifications of clients sharing their own data on Facebook. We have made a survey containing 44 inquiries dependent on Facebook clients' propensity and different things. We have looked at the ongoing information security rupture on Facebook through certain data mining substances. We have targeted three questions about victims of malware, identity theft, and phishing. From, our dataset we will know how many were victims of the three target parameters. We have implemented machine learning algorithms like ANN, XGBoost, SVM, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression to identify the percentage of how many Facebook accounts are at risk and safe. Moreover, we will compare the best possible approach and worst approach among the algorithms to find the result. Among the models, we see ANN providing us the best result for the three labels with 89.89%, 94.94%, and 86.86%. This research illustrates how different machine learning algorithms predict the risk of Facebook users and which algorithm is most and least suitable to use in this scenario.
Calculation of the energy relaxation times of a two component plasma
Creators: name: Jankulak, Francis Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Employing variational procedures on the transport equation we calculate, in this thesis, three relaxation times of a typical shock tube plasma. They are the electron-electron, ion-ion, and electron-ion relaxational times. The results are compared to those obtained by other authors, and are essentially an improvement on the work done by Phillips.
Dynamics and Depletion in Thermally Supercritical Starless Cores
Creators: name: Keto, Eric
name: Caselli, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous studies we identified two classes of starless cores, thermally subcritical and supercritical, distinguished by different dynamical behavior and internal structure. Here we study the evolution of the dynamically-unstable, thermally-supercritical cores by means of a numerical hydrodynamic simulation that includes radiative equilibrium and simple molecular chemistry. We use our non-LTE radiative transfer code MOLLIE to predict observable CO and N2H+ line spectra, including the non-LTE hyperfine ratios of N2H+, during the contraction. These are compared against observations of the starless core L1544.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Rapid Review on Requirement Engineering for Agile Software Development: seeking for disruptive techniques
Creators: name: Mesquita, Rodrigo
name: Chaves, James
name: Canedo, Edna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Rapid Review
Requirement Engineering (RE)
Agile Software Development (ASD)
Design Thinking
Artificial Intelligence
User-Centered Design
Disruptive Solution
Agile Development Challenges

description: This is a complement report of the paper Rapid Review on Requirement Engineering for Agile Software Development: seeking for disruptive techniques. Here someone can find the complete Rapid Review Protocol and studies have accessed in the paper original.
Geometric description of BTZ black holes thermodynamics
Creators: name: Quevedo, Hernando
name: Sanchez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the space of thermodynamic equilibrium states of the Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole in (2+1)-gravity. We use the formalism of geometrothermodynamics to introduce in the space of equilibrium states a $2-$dimensional thermodynamic metric whose curvature is non-vanishing, indicating the presence of thermodynamic interaction, and free of singularities, indicating the absence of phase transitions. Similar results are obtained for generalizations of the BTZ black hole which include a Chern-Simons term and a dilatonic field. Small logarithmic corrections of the entropy turn out to be represented by small corrections of the thermodynamic curvature, reinforcing the idea that thermodynamic curvature is a measure of thermodynamic interaction.
Engaging Children  and Young People
Creators: name: Ramaj, Klea
name: Nico, Magda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Youth Advisory Board
subject: Youth
subject: Child wellbeing
subject: resear
subject: Longitudinal Studies

description: This presentation explores the role of Youth Advisory Boards (YABs) within the COORDINATE project, focusing on the importance of incorporating young people’s perspectives into research on child wellbeing. The session outlines the structure, benefits, and challenges of youth engagement, providing insights into how YABs contribute to research design, data collection, and policy development.

The COORDINATE project has established National and International YABs across Croatia, Finland, Portugal, and the UK, ensuring diverse perspectives on youth participation. The presentation discusses different levels of youth involvement, the impact on research quality, and the individual benefits for young participants, such as skill development and enhanced critical thinking.

Key findings from YAB meetings highlight critical issues, including safeguarding protocols, ethical considerations in data collection, and methodological challenges such as questionnaire design, data privacy, and participant retention. The YABs have played a pivotal role in refining research tools, ensuring child-centric approaches in longitudinal studies, and addressing sensitive topics like polycrisis, migration, and child exploitation.

The presentation also reflects on challenges, such as sustaining youth engagement, balancing autonomy with research value, and managing international coordination. Lessons learned emphasize the need for effective communication, long-term planning, trust-building, and technology integration to support meaningful youth participation.

Finally, the presentation concludes with a discussion on the broader impact of YABs, their contribution to shaping ethical and inclusive research practices, and their role in setting a precedent for future youth engagement initiatives in social research.

Further information on YAB could be read in a bookchapter: Ramaj, K. & Pollock, G. (2025). Youth Advisory Boards (YABs): The case of Growing Up in Digital Europe (GUIDE). In Z. H. Bíró et al. (Eds.) Equity in Education: A Handbook for Participative Approaches in Research and Development to Address School Inequalities (pp. 126-144). Frankfurt am Main, Germany: CEEOL Press.
Measuring the Entanglement between Double Quantum Dot Charge Qubits
Creators: name: Emary, Clive
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme for creating and measuring entanglement between two double quantum dot charge qubits in a transport set-up in which voltage pulses can modify system parameters. Detection of entanglement is performed via the construction of a Bell inequality with current correlation measurements. An essential feature is the use of the internal dynamics of the qubits as the constituent electrons tunnel into the leads to give the single-particle rotations necessary for the Bell measurement.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A method for measuring the nonlinear response in dielectric spectroscopy through third harmonics detection
Creators: name: Thibierge, C.
name: L'Hote, D.
name: Ladieu, F.
name: Tourbot, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high sensitivity method allowing the measurement of the non linear dielectric susceptibility of an insulating material at finite frequency. It has been developped for the study of dynamic heterogeneities in supercooled liquids using dielectric spectroscopy at frequencies 0.05 Hz < f < 30000 Hz . It relies on the measurement of the third harmonics component of the current flowing out of a capacitor. We first show that standard laboratory electronics (amplifiers and voltage sources) nonlinearities lead to limits on the third harmonics measurements that preclude reaching the level needed by our physical goal, a ratio of the third harmonics to the fundamental signal about 7 orders of magnitude lower than 1. We show that reaching such a sensitivity needs a method able to get rid of the nonlinear contributions both of the measuring device (lock-in amplifier) and of the excitation voltage source. A bridge using two sources fulfills only the first of these two requirements, but allows to measure the nonlinearities of the sources. Our final method is based on a bridge with two plane capacitors characterized by different dielectric layer thicknesses. It gets rid of the source and amplifier nonlinearities because in spite of a strong frequency dependence of the capacitors impedance, it is equilibrated at any frequency. We present the first measurements of the physical nonlinear response using our method. Two extensions of the method are suggested.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Limited differentiation among Plasmodium vivax populations from the northwest and to the south Pacific Coast of Colombia: A malaria corridor?
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Algorithms
Bayes Theorem
Cluster Analysis
Colombia
Endemic Diseases
Epidemiological Monitoring
Gene Frequency
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population
Genotype
Geography
Humans
Linkage Disequilibrium
Malaria, Vivax
Microsatellite Repeats
Plasmodium vivax

description: © 2019 Pacheco et al. Background: Malaria remains endemic in several countries of South America with low to moderate transmission intensity. Regional human migration through underserved endemic areas may be responsible for significant parasite dispersion making the disease resilient to interventions. Thus, the genetic characterization of malarial parasites is an important tool to assess how endemic areas may connect via the movement of infected individuals. Here, four sites in geographically separated areas reporting 80% of the malaria morbidity in Colombia were studied. The sites are located on an imaginary transect line of 1,500 km from the northwest to the south Pacific Coast of Colombia with a minimal distance of 500 km between populations that display noticeable ethnic, economic, epidemiological, and ecological differences. Methodology/Principal findings: A total of 624 Plasmodium vivax samples from the four populations were genotyped by using eight microsatellite loci. Although a strong geographic structure was expected between these populations, only moderate evidence of genetic differentiation was observed using a suite of population genetic analyses. High genetic diversity, shared alleles, and low linkage disequilibrium were also found in these P. vivax populations providing no evidence for a bottleneck or clonal expansions as expected from recent reductions in the transmission that could have been the result of scaling up interventions or environmental changes. These patterns are consistent with a disease that is not only endemic in each site but also imply that there is gene flow among these populations across 1,500 km. Conclusion/Significance: The observed patterns in P. vivax are consistent with a “corridor” where connected endemic areas can sustain a high level of genetic diversity locally and can restore parasite-subdivided populations via migration of infected individuals even after local interventions achieved a substantial reduction of clinical cases. The consequences of these findings in terms of control and elimination are discussed.
Static spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov shells made up of particles with a discrete set of values of their angular momentum
Creators: name: Gleiser, Reinaldo J.
name: Ramirez, Marcos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study static spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov shells, made up of equal mass particles, where the angular momentum L of particles takes values only on a discrete finite set. We consider first the case where there is only one value of L, and prove their existence by constructing explicit examples. Shells with either hollow or black hole interiors have finite thickness. Of particular interest is the thin shell limit of these systems and we study its properties using both numerical and analytic arguments to compare with known results. The general case of a set of values of L is also considered and the particular case where L takes only two values is analyzed, and compared with the corresponding thin shell limit already given in the literature, finding good agreement in all cases.
description: Comments: 16 pages, 5 figures. Section on thin shell limit revised. References added
DarkSide-20k: A 20 tonne two-phase LAr TPC for direct dark matter detection at LNGS
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: physics.ins-det

description: © Societá Italiana di Fisica/Springer-Verlag 2018. Building on the successful experience in operating the DarkSide-50 detector, the DarkSide Collaboration is going to construct DarkSide-20k, a direct WIMP search detector using a two-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC) with an active (fiducial) mass of 23 t (20 t). This paper describes a preliminary design for the experiment, in which the DarkSide-20k LAr TPC is deployed within a shield/veto with a spherical Liquid Scintillator Veto (LSV) inside a cylindrical Water Cherenkov Veto (WCV). This preliminary design provides a baseline for the experiment to achieve its physics goals, while further development work will lead to the final optimization of the detector parameters and an eventual technical design. Operation of DarkSide-50 demonstrated a major reduction in the dominant 39Ar background when using argon extracted from an underground source, before applying pulse shape analysis. Data from DarkSide-50, in combination with MC simulation and analytical modeling, shows that a rejection factor for discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils of > 3 X 109 is achievable. This, along with the use of the veto system and utilizing silicon photomultipliers in the LAr TPC, are the keys to unlocking the path to large LAr TPC detector masses, while maintaining an experiment in which less than < 0.1 events (other than γ-induced nuclear recoils) is expected to occur within the WIMP search region during the planned exposure. DarkSide-20k will have ultra-low backgrounds than can be measured in situ, giving sensitivity to WIMP-nucleon cross sections of 1.2x10 -47 cm2 (1.1x10 -46 cm2) for WIMPs of 1TeV/c2 (10TeV/c2) mass, to be achieved during a 5 yr run producing an exposure of 100 t yr free from any instrumental background.
Double KS0 photoproduction off the proton at CLAS
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. The f0(1500) meson resonance is one of several contenders to have significant mixing with the lightest glueball. This resonance is well established from several previous experiments. Here we present the first photoproduction data for the f0(1500) via decay into the KS0KS0 channel using the CLAS detector. The reaction γp→fJp→KS0KS0p, where J=0,2, was measured with photon energies from 2.7-5.1 GeV. A clear peak is seen at 1500 MeV in the background subtracted invariant mass spectra of the two kaons. This is enhanced if the measured four-momentum transfer to the proton target is restricted to be less than 1.0 GeV2. By comparing data with simulations, it can be concluded that the peak at 1500 MeV is produced primarily at low t, which is consistent with a t-channel production mechanism.
Optimal protocols for Hamiltonian and Schrödinger dynamics
Creators: name: Schmiedl, Tim
name: Dieterich, Eckhard
name: Dieterich, Peter-Simon
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For systems in an externally controllable time-dependent potential, the optimal protocol minimizes the mean work spent in a finite-time transition between given initial and final values of a control parameter. For an initially thermalized ensemble, we consider both Hamiltonian evolution for classical systems and Schrödinger evolution for quantum systems. In both cases, we show that for harmonic potentials, the optimal work is given by the adiabatic work even in the limit of short transition times. This result is counter-intuitive because the adiabatic work is substantially smaller than the work for an instantaneous jump. We also perform numerical calculations of the optimal protocol for Hamiltonian dynamics in an anharmonic quartic potential. For a two-level spin system, we give examples where the adiabatic work can be reached in either a finite or an arbitrarily short transition time depending on the allowed parameter space.
description: submitted to J. Stat. Mech.: Theor. Exp.
CDK9 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Acute myeloid leukemia
CDK9 inhibitor
Positive transcription elongation factor b
P-TEFb
MCL-1
MYC

description: © 2018 The Author(s). Current treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is less than optimal, but increased understanding of disease pathobiology and genomics has led to clinical investigation of novel targeted therapies and rational combinations. Targeting the cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) pathway, which is dysregulated in AML, is an attractive approach. Inhibition of CDK9 leads to downregulation of cell survival genes regulated by super enhancers such as MCL-1, MYC, and cyclin D1. As CDK9 inhibitors are nonselective, predictive biomarkers that may help identify patients most likely to respond to CDK9 inhibitors are now being utilized, with the goal of improving efficacy and safety.
Phase diagram of Janus Particles
Creators: name: Sciortino, Francesco
name: Giacometti, Achille
name: Pastore, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We deeply investigate a simple model representative of the recently synthesized Janus particles, i.e. colloidal spherical particles whose surface is divided into two areas of different chemical composition. When the two surfaces are solvophilic and solvophobic, these particles constitute the simplest example of surfactants. The phase diagram includes a colloidal-poor (gas) colloidal-rich (liquid) de-mixing region, which is progressively suppressed by the insurgence of micelles, providing the first model where micellization and phase-separation are simultaneously observed. The coexistence curve is found to be negatively sloped in the temperature-pressure plane, suggesting that Janus particles can provide a colloidal system with anomalous thermodynamic behavior.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. in press
Spicule Dynamics over Plage Region
Creators: name: Anan, Tetsu
name: Kitai, Reizaburo
name: Kawate, Tomoko
name: Matsumoto, Takuma
name: Ichimoto, Kiyoshi
name: Shibata, Kazunari
name: Hillier, Andrew
name: Otsuji, Kenichi
name: Watanabe, Hiroko
name: UeNo, Satoru
name: Nagata, Shin'ichi
name: Ishii, Takako T.
name: Komori, Hiroyuki
name: Nishida, Keisuke
name: Nakamura, Tahei
name: Isobe, Hiroaki
name: Hagino, Masaoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied spicular jets over a plage area and derived their dynamic characteristics using Hinode Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) high-resolution images. The target plage region was near the west limb of the solar disk. This location permitted us to study the dynamics of spicular jets without the overlapping effect of spicular structures along the line of sight. In this work, to increase the ease with which we can identify spicules on the disk, we applied the image processing method `MadMax' developed by Koutchmy et al. (1989). It enhances fine, slender structures (like jets), over a diffuse background. We identified 169 spicules over the target plage. This sample permits us to derive statistically reliable results regarding spicular dynamics. The properties of plage spicules can be summarized as follows: (1) In a plage area, we clearly identified spicular jet features. (2) They were shorter in length than the quiet region limb spicules, and followed ballistic motion under constant deceleration. (3) The majority (80%) of the plage spicules showed the cycle of rise and retreat, while 10% of them faded out without a complete retreat phase. (4) The deceleration of the spicule was proportional to the velocity of ejection (i.e. the initial velocity).
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Additional file 1 of Silencing LCN2 suppresses oral squamous cell carcinoma progression by reducing EGFR signal activation and recycling
Creators: name: Huang, Zixian
name: Rui, Xi
name: Yi, Chen
name: Chen, Yongju
name: Chen, Rui
name: Liang, Yancan
name: Wang, Yan
name: Yao, Weicheng
name: Xu, Xiaoding
name: Huang, Zhiquan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Basic data of sequenced patients. Table S2. High throughput sequencing results – Differential gene analysis. Table S3. Association of Lymph node metastasis in OSCC tongue xenografts.
Origin of the size-dependence of the equilibrium van der Waals binding between nanostructures
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: physics.chem-ph

description: © 2018 Author(s). Nanostructures can be bound together at equilibrium by the van der Waals (vdW) effect, a small but ubiquitous many-body attraction that presents challenges to density functional theory. How does the binding energy depend upon the size or number of atoms in one of a pair of identical nanostructures? To answer this question, we treat each nanostructure as a whole object, not as a collection of atoms. Our calculations start from an accurate static dipole polarizability for each considered nanostructure, and an accurate equilibrium center-to-center distance for the pair (the latter from experiment or from the vdW-DF-cx functional). We consider the competition in each term -C2k/d2k (k = 3, 4, 5) of the long-range vdW series for the interaction energy, between the size dependence of the vdW coefficient C2k and that of the 2kth power of the center-to-center distance d. The damping of these vdW terms can be negligible, but in any case, it does not affect the size dependence for a given term in the absence of non-vdW binding. To our surprise, the vdW energy can be size-independent for quasi-spherical nanoclusters bound to one another by vdW interaction, even with strong nonadditivity of the vdW coefficient, as demonstrated for fullerenes. We also show that, for low-dimensional systems, the vdW interaction yields the strongest size-dependence, in stark contrast to that of fullerenes. We illustrate this with parallel planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The size dependences of other morphologies or bonding types lie between, as shown by sodium clusters.
Relative quantum phase, $m$-tangle, and multi-local Lorentz-group invariant
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we establish a relation between quantum relative phase, $m$-tangle, and multi-local Lorentz-group invariant or $SL(2,\mathbb{C})^{\times m}$-invariant $S^{2}_{(m)}$. Our construction is based on the orthogonal complement of a positive operator valued measure on quantum phase. In particular, we propose a quantity based on the quantum relative phase of a multi-qubit operator that coincides with $m$-tangle, and multi-local Lorentz-group invariant.
description: 6 pages
Protein evolution depends on multiple distinct population size parameters
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Protein evolution
Effective population size
Mutation-selection models

description: © 2018 The Author(s). That population size affects the fate of new mutations arising in genomes, modulating both how frequently they arise and how efficiently natural selection is able to filter them, is well established. It is therefore clear that these distinct roles for population size that characterize different processes should affect the evolution of proteins and need to be carefully defined. Empirical evidence is consistent with a role for demography in influencing protein evolution, supporting the idea that functional constraints alone do not determine the composition of coding sequences. Given that the relationship between population size, mutant fitness and fixation probability has been well characterized, estimating fitness from observed substitutions is well within reach with well-formulated models. Molecular evolution research has, therefore, increasingly begun to leverage concepts from population genetics to quantify the selective effects associated with different classes of mutation. However, in order for this type of analysis to provide meaningful information about the intra- and inter-specific evolution of coding sequences, a clear definition of concepts of population size, what they influence, and how they are best parameterized is essential. Here, we present an overview of the many distinct concepts that "population size" and "effective population size" may refer to, what they represent for studying proteins, and how this knowledge can be harnessed to produce better specified models of protein evolution.
Measurement of the Q2 Dependence of the Deuteron Spin Structure Function g1 and its Moments at Low Q2 with CLAS
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: CLAS Collaboration

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. We measured the g1 spin structure function of the deuteron at low Q2, where QCD can be approximated with chiral perturbation theory (χPT). The data cover the resonance region, up to an invariant mass of W≈1.9 GeV. The generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum, the moment Γ1d and the spin polarizability γ0d are precisely determined down to a minimum Q2 of 0.02 GeV2 for the first time, about 2.5 times lower than that of previous data. We compare them to several χPT calculations and models. These results are the first in a program of benchmark measurements of polarization observables in the χPT domain.
MR-BART: Multi-Rate Available Bandwidth Estimation in Real-Time
Creators: name: Sedighizad, Mahboobeh
name: Seyfe, Babak
name: Navaie, Keivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose Multi-Rate Bandwidth Available in Real Time (MR-BART) to estimate the end-to-end Available Bandwidth (AB) of a network path. The proposed scheme is an extension of the Bandwidth Available in Real Time (BART) which employs multi-rate (MR) probe packet sequences with Kalman filtering. Comparing to BART, we show that the proposed method is more robust and converges faster than that of BART and achieves a more AB accurate estimation. Furthermore, we analyze the estimation error in MR-BART and obtain analytical formula and empirical expression for the AB estimation error based on the system parameters.
description: 12 Pages (Two columns), 14 Figures, 4 Tables,
Representation of State Property Systems
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Pulmannova, Sylvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P10

description: A 'state property system' is the mathematical structure which models an arbitrary physical system by means of its set of states, its set of properties, and a relation of 'actuality of a certain property for a certain state'. We work out a new axiomatization for standard quantum mechanics, starting with the basic notion of state property system, and making use of a generalization of the standard quantum mechanical notion of 'superposition' for state property systems.
description: 22 pages
Beam-Energy Dependence of Directed Flow of Λ, Λ , K±, Ks0, and φ in Au+Au Collisions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: STAR Collaboration

description: © 2018 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Rapidity-odd directed-flow measurements at midrapidity are presented for Λ, Λ, K±, Ks0, and φ at sNN=7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV in Au+Au collisions recorded by the Solenoidal Tracker detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These measurements greatly expand the scope of data available to constrain models with differing prescriptions for the equation of state of quantum chromodynamics. Results show good sensitivity for testing a picture where flow is assumed to be imposed before hadron formation and the observed particles are assumed to form via coalescence of constituent quarks. The pattern of departure from a coalescence-inspired sum rule can be a valuable new tool for probing the collision dynamics.
A principal component analysis of 39 scientific impact measures
Creators: name: Bollen, Johan
name: Van de Sompel, Herbert
name: Hagberg, Aric
name: Chute, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The impact of scientific publications has traditionally been expressed in terms of citation counts. However, scientific activity has moved online over the past decade. To better capture scientific impact in the digital era, a variety of new impact measures has been proposed on the basis of social network analysis and usage log data. Here we investigate how these new measures relate to each other, and how accurately and completely they express scientific impact. We performed a principal component analysis of the rankings produced by 39 existing and proposed measures of scholarly impact that were calculated on the basis of both citation and usage log data. Our results indicate that the notion of scientific impact is a multi-dimensional construct that can not be adequately measured by any single indicator, although some measures are more suitable than others. The commonly used citation Impact Factor is not positioned at the core of this construct, but at its periphery, and should thus be used with caution.
A magnetohydrodynamics study using an electromagnetic shock tube
Creators: name: Offenberger, Allan Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis is concerned with a theoretical and experimental investigation of Alfvén waves in an ionized medium, and magnetic interaction effects between a moving plasma and a magnetic coil external to the plasma. Methods for generating Alfvén disturbances for varying conditions of gas density and magnetic fields are considered and various means for measuring any effects that may be produced. It will be seen that for propagation of m.h.d. waves, extremely strong coupling between the plasma and field is necessary with consequent necessary high fields and Alfvén speeds. The effect of an axial magnetic field modifying the shock speed in the plasma is investigated and also the effect of the field on incident and reflected shock speeds by placing a plain obstruction in the shock tube which blocks the plasma flow. A further study of magnetic interaction effects between a moving plasma and a localized radial field was undertaken with the desire of correlating mechanical momentum transfer with varying conditions of applied field and gas pressures in the plasma (hence conductivity, density, and shock speed variations). Mechanical and electrical measurements of momentum transfer are compared with theory, and it will be seen that the mechanical method offers a fairly reliable means of measurement.
Nano‐Strainer: A workflow for the identification of single‐copy nuclear loci for plant systematic studies, using target capture kits and Oxford Nanopore long reads
Creators: name: Scheunert, Agnes
name: Lautenschlager, Ulrich
name: Ott, Tankred
name: Oberprieler, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: CompCOS loci, Leucanthemum, polyploidization, probe kit, reticulation
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: In modern plant systematics, target enrichment enables simultaneous analysis of hundreds of genes. However, when dealing with reticulate or polyploidization histories, few markers may suffice, but often are required to be single-copy, a condition that is not necessarily met with commercial capture kits. Also, large genome sizes can render target capture ineffective, so that amplicon sequencing would be preferable; however, knowledge about suitable loci is often missing. Here, we present a comprehensive workflow for the identification of putative single-copy nuclear markers in a genus of interest, by mining a small dataset from target capture using a few representative taxa. The proposed pipeline assesses sequence variability contained in the data from targeted loci and assigns reads to their respective genes, via a combined BLAST/clustering procedure. Cluster consensus sequences are then examined based on four pre-defined criteria presumably indicative for absence of paralogy. This is done by calculating four specialized indices; loci are ranked according to their performance in these indices, and top-scoring loci are considered putatively single- or low copy. The approach can be applied to any probe set. As it relies on long reads, the present contribution also provides template workflows for processing Nanopore-based target capture data. Obtained markers are further tested and then entered into amplicon sequencing. For the detection of possibly remaining paralogy in these data, which might occur in groups with rampant paralogy, we also employ the long-read assembly tool Canu. In diploid representatives of the young Compositae genus Leucanthemum, characterized by high levels of polyploidy, our approach resulted in successful amplification of 13 loci. Modifications to remove traces of paralogy were made in seven of these. A species tree from the markers correctly reproduced main relationships in the genus, however, at low resolution. The presented workflow has the potential to valuably support phylogenetic research, for example in polyploid plant groups.
Non-adiabacity and large flucutations in a many particle Landau Zener problem
Creators: name: Altland, A.
name: Gurarie, V.
name: Kriecherbauer, T.
name: Polkovnikov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the behavior of an interacting many particle system under slow external driving -- a many body generalization of the Landau-Zener paradigm. We find that a conspiracy of interactions and driving leads to physics profoundly different from that of the single particle limit: for practically all values of the driving rate the particle distributions in Hilbert space are very broad, a phenomenon caused by a strong amplification of quantum fluctuations in the driving process. These fluctuations are 'non-adiabatic' in that even at very slow driving it is exceedingly difficult to push the center of the distribution towards the limit of full ground state occupancy. We obtain these results by a number of complementary theoretical approaches, including diagrammatic perturbation theory, semiclassical analysis, and exact diagonalization.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures
Racial/ethnic differences in health insurance adequacy and consistency among children: Evidence from the 2011/12 National Survey of Children’s Health
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health insurance adequacy
children
health insurance consistency
race/ethnicity
sociodemographic and family factors

description: © T.G. Soylu et al., 2018. As the number of minority US children increases, monitoring racial/ethnic differences in health insurance coverage becomes critical in creating insurance programs that can provide adequate and consistent coverage. Using a nationally representative sample, the findings of this study suggest that low income and poor maternal health can adversely affect insurance consistency and adequacy for both minority and white children. This indicates that research studies on inequalities of healthcare coverage should also focus on underserved white populations of children as their insurance coverage is affected by similar factors as those for minority children. Elimination of inequalities may require targeted interventions that include the well-being of the entire family, cross-cultural education of healthcare providers, policy changes to grant low-income children with appropriate and reliable health insurance, and an ongoing monitoring of disparities by health plans.
The carnitine system and cancer metabolic plasticity review-article
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biological Transport
Carnitine
Carnitine Acyltransferases
Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
Energy Metabolism
Epigenesis, Genetic
Fatty Acids
Glucose
Humans
Isoenzymes
Lipid Metabolism
MicroRNAs
Mitochondria
Neoplasm Proteins
Neoplasms
Signal Transduction
Tumor Cells, Cultured

description: © 2018 The Author(s). Metabolic flexibility describes the ability of cells to respond or adapt its metabolism to support and enable rapid proliferation, continuous growth, and survival in hostile conditions. This dynamic character of the cellular metabolic network appears enhanced in cancer cells, in order to increase the adaptive phenotype and to maintain both viability and uncontrolled proliferation. Cancer cells can reprogram their metabolism to satisfy the energy as well as the biosynthetic intermediate request and to preserve their integrity from the harsh and hypoxic environment. Although several studies now recognize these reprogrammed activities as hallmarks of cancer, it remains unclear which are the pathways involved in regulating metabolic plasticity. Recent findings have suggested that carnitine system (CS) could be considered as a gridlock to finely trigger the metabolic flexibility of cancer cells. Indeed, the components of this system are involved in the bi-directional transport of acyl moieties from cytosol to mitochondria and vice versa, thus playing a fundamental role in tuning the switch between the glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Therefore, the CS regulation, at both enzymatic and epigenetic levels, plays a pivotal role in tumors, suggesting new druggable pathways for prevention and treatment of human cancer.
Fractal universality in near-threshold magnetic lanthanide dimers
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cond-mat.dis-nn
cond-mat.quant-gas
quant-ph

description: The Authors Copyright © 2018. Ergodic quantum systems are often quite alike, whereas nonergodic, fractal systems are unique and display characteristic properties. We explore one of these fractal systems, weakly bound dysprosium lanthanide molecules, in an external magnetic field. As recently shown, colliding ultracold magnetic dysprosium atoms display a soft chaotic behavior with a small degree of disorder. We broaden this classification by investigating the generalized inverse participation ratio and fractal dimensions for large sets of molecular wave functions. Our exact close-coupling simulations reveal a dynamic phase transition from partially localized States to totally delocalized States and universality in its distribution by increasing the magnetic field strength to only a hundred Gauss (or 10 mT). Finally, we prove the existence of nonergodic delocalized phase in the system and explain the violation of ergodicity by strong coupling between near-threshold molecular States and the nearby continuum.
Conventions spreading in open-ended systems
Creators: name: Brigatti, E.
name: Roditi, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple open-ended model that describes the emergence of a shared vocabulary. The ordering transition toward consensus is generated only by an agreement mechanism. This interaction defines a finite and small number of states, despite each individual having the ability to invent an unlimited number of new words. The existence of a phase transition is studied by analyzing the convergence times, the cognitive efforts of the agents and the scaling behavior in memory and time
description: 11 pages, 5 figures