cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: II Zitate und Fragmente: Die kulturelle Praxis des Zitierens im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung
Creators: name: Schubert, Charlotte
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Previous research especially based on the concept of intertextuality has denoted an important shift in perspective considering the relationship between text and narrator. The distinction between narrator and voice or, as Roland Barthes formulated in the title of his famous essay ‘The Death of the Author’ (1967), likewise Foucault, dispensed with the idea of authorship. This approach may also provide a deeper insight in the construction of fragments,
that – as has been rightly remarked – are made rather than born (Dionisotti, above). However, although prior work has already been focused on the possibilities of methods from the field of Information Retrieval especially concerning the digital editing of quotations and fragments, this study argues the importance of combining textmining methods with approaches from narratology. Within the eAQUA project we adapt and use tools from the field of NLP (Natural Language Processing) to support our scientific work. In this paper we describe the extent to which the complex relationship between quotations as fragmentary texts and their surrounding context benefits from algorithm-based methods like word level n-gams as features in classification and referencing of fragments. The examples described in this paper using eAQUA’s Citatongraph demonstrate that the Citationgraph gives an excellent estimate of quotations and text reuse. Concerning the question of fragments this tool remarkably broadens our possibilities helping to ‘unearth’ fragments lost in the process of editorial decisions. Representing a kind of ‘unediting’ whereby the various layers of editorial decisions can be decoded this new approach yields a promising new avenue of research.
Compact Star in General $F(R)$ Gravity: Inevitable Degeneracy Problem and Non-Integer Power Correction
Creators: name: Numajiri, Kota
name: Katsuragawa, Taishi
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a compact star in the general $F(R)$ gravity. Developing a novel formulation in the spherically symmetric and static space-time with the matter, we confirm that an arbitrary relation between the mass $M$ and the radius $R_s$ of the compact star can be realized by adjusting the functional form of $F(R)$. Such a degeneracy with a choice of the equation of state (EOS) suggests that only mass-radius relation is insufficient to constrain the $F(R)$ gravity. Furthermore, by solving the differential equation for $\left. \frac{dF(R)}{dR}\right|_{R=R(r)}$ near and inside the surface of the compact star with the polytropic EOS, the boundary condition demands a weak curvature correction to the Einstein gravity could be non-integer power of the scalar curvature, which gives a stringent constraint on the functional form of $F\left(R\right)$. This consequence follows that the equation of motion in $F(R)$ gravity includes the fourth-order derivative of metric, and thus, it is applicable to general $F(R)$ models.
description: 14 pages. Typos are corrected
Sound correspondences with other Japonic languages
Creators: name: Furugen, Setsu
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
name: Mizuno, Akiko
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Teedun-muni language

description: 1 MOV file, 1 TXT file.
On the exactly-solvable semi-infinite quantum well of the non-rectangular step-harmonic profile
Creators: name: Jafarov, E. I.
name: Nagiyev, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34L40, 33C45, 81Q80

description: An exactly-solvable model of the non-relativistic harmonic oscillator with a position-dependent effective mass is constructed. The model behaves itself as a semi-infinite quantum well of the non-rectangular profile. Such a form of the profile looks like a step-harmonic potential as a consequence of the certain analytical dependence of the effective mass from the position and semiconfinement parameter $a$. Both states of the discrete and continuous spectrum are studied. In the case of the discrete spectrum, wavefunctions of the oscillator model are expressed through the Bessel polynomials. The discrete energy spectrum is non-equidistant and finite as a consequence of its dependence on parameter $a$, too. In the case of the continuous spectrum, wavefunctions of the oscillator model are expressed through the $_1F_1$ hypergeometric functions. At the limit, when the parameter $a$ goes to infinity, both wavefunctions, and the energy spectrum of the model under construction correctly reduce to corresponding results of the usual non-relativistic harmonic oscillator with a constant effective mass. Namely, wavefunctions of the discrete spectrum recover wavefunctions in terms of the Hermite polynomials, and wavefunctions of the continuous spectrum simply vanish. We also present a new limit relation that reduces Bessel polynomials directly to Hermite polynomials and prove its correctness using the mathematical induction technique.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, final version
Reduce, Reuse, Rethink PACKaging: towards novel fiber-based packaging and reuse schemes uptake: R3PACK. A survey for the Belgian and French case
Creators: name: Trianni, Vito
name: Di Sorrentino, Eugenia Polizzi
name: Pasin, Gian Luca
name: Andrighetto, Giulia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The objectives of the project called “Reduce, Reuse, Rethink PACKaging: towards novel fiber-based packaging and reuse schemes uptake” (R3PACK) are to foster the prevention of plastic becoming waste through reuse, and the prevention of plastic production through substitution with novel fiber-based packaging. In this study, we use observational data from a survey administered to two nationally representative samples, one of the Belgian and the other of the French population, to investigate consumers’ attitudes and beliefs toward reusable packaging solutions. More specifically, our general aim is to study whether consumers’ willingness to adopt food packaging solutions is driven by their (a) personal normative beliefs and (b) social expectations (empirical and normative). Empirical expectations are beliefs about what others do, while normative expectations are beliefs about what others think should be done in a specific situation. More specifically, we will focus on four different situations that represent four specific reusable packaging schemes: 1. Refill at home: When you refill food container at your home. For example, with refills delivered through a subscription service or purchased directly. 2. Refill on the go: You refill reusable food packaging away from home. For example, in your local store in an in-store dispensing system. 3. Return from home: Food packaging is picked up from your home by a pick-up service. For example, by a logistics company. 4. Return on the go: You return the food packaging at a store or drop-off point. For example, in a deposit return machine. In all cases, the packaging is supposed to be reused, thus serve more than a single role (compared to what most of food packaging serves presently).
Automatic alignment of an orbital angular momentum sorter in a transmission electron microscope using a convolution neural network
Creators: name: Rosi, P.
name: Clausen, A.
name: Weber, D.
name: Tavabi, A. H.
name: Frabboni, S.
name: Tiemeijer, P.
name: Dunin-Borkowski, R. E.
name: Rotunno, E.
name: Grillo, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the automatic alignment of a transmission electron microscope equipped with an orbital angular momentum sorter using a convolutional neural network. The neural network is able to control all relevant parameters of both the electron-optical setup of the microscope and the external voltage source of the sorter without input from the user. It is able to compensate for mechanical and optical misalignments of the sorter, in order to optimize its spectral resolution. The alignment is completed over a few frames and can be kept stable by making use of the fast fitting time of the neural network.
Phase Transition and Network Structure in Realistic SAT Problems
Creators: name: Kambhampati, Soumya C.
name: Liu, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental question in Computer Science is understanding when a specific class of problems go from being computationally easy to hard. Because of its generality and applications, the problem of Boolean Satisfiability (aka SAT) is often used as a vehicle for investigating this question. A signal result from these studies is that the hardness of SAT problems exhibits a dramatic easy-to-hard phase transition with respect to the problem constrainedness. Past studies have however focused mostly on SAT instances generated using uniform random distributions, where all constraints are independently generated, and the problem variables are all considered of equal importance. These assumptions are unfortunately not satisfied by most real problems. Our project aims for a deeper understanding of hardness of SAT problems that arise in practice. We study two key questions: (i) How does easy-to-hard transition change with more realistic distributions that capture neighborhood sensitivity and rich-get-richer aspects of real problems and (ii) Can these changes be explained in terms of the network properties (such as node centrality and small-worldness) of the clausal networks of the SAT problems. Our results, based on extensive empirical studies and network analyses, provide important structural and computational insights into realistic SAT problems. Our extensive empirical studies show that SAT instances from realistic distributions do exhibit phase transition, but the transition occurs sooner (at lower values of constrainedness) than the instances from uniform random distribution. We show that this behavior can be explained in terms of their clausal network properties such as eigenvector centrality and small-worldness (measured indirectly in terms of the clustering coefficients and average node distance).
Efficient calculation of local dose distribution for response modelling in proton and ion beams
Creators: name: Greilich, S.
name: Hahn, U.
name: Kiderlen, M.
name: Andersen, C. E.
name: Bassler, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm for fast and accurate computation of the local dose distribution in MeV beams of protons, carbon ions or other heavy-charged particles. It uses compound Poisson-process modelling of track interaction and succesive convolutions for fast computation. It can handle mixed particle fields over a wide range of fluences. Since the local dose distribution is the essential part of several approaches to model detector efficiency or cellular response it has potential use in ion-beam dosimetry and radiotherapy.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Demonstration of Free-space Reference Frame Independent Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Wabnig, J.
name: Bitauld, D.
name: Li, H. W.
name: Laing, A.
name: O'Brien, J. L.
name: Niskanen, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) is moving from research laboratories towards applications. As computing becomes more mobile, cashless as well as cardless payment solutions are introduced, and a need arises for incorporating QKD in a mobile device. Handheld devices present a particular challenge as the orientation and the phase of a qubit will depend on device motion. This problem is addressed by the reference frame independent (RFI) QKD scheme. The scheme tolerates an unknown phase between logical states that varies slowly compared to the rate of particle repetition. Here we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of RFI QKD over a free-space link in a prepare and measure scheme using polarisation encoding. We extend the security analysis of the RFI QKD scheme to be able to deal with uncalibrated devices and a finite number of measurements. Together these advances are an important step towards mass production of handheld QKD devices.
Importance of Kernel Bandwidth in Quantum Machine Learning
Creators: name: Shaydulin, Ruslan
name: Wild, Stefan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum kernel methods are considered a promising avenue for applying quantum computers to machine learning problems. Identifying hyperparameters controlling the inductive bias of quantum machine learning models is expected to be crucial given the central role hyperparameters play in determining the performance of classical machine learning methods. In this work we introduce the hyperparameter controlling the bandwidth of a quantum kernel and show that it controls the expressivity of the resulting model. We use extensive numerical experiments with multiple quantum kernels and classical datasets to show consistent change in the model behavior from underfitting (bandwidth too large) to overfitting (bandwidth too small), with optimal generalization in between. We draw a connection between the bandwidth of classical and quantum kernels and show analogous behavior in both cases. Furthermore, we show that optimizing the bandwidth can help mitigate the exponential decay of kernel values with qubit count, which is the cause behind recent observations that the performance of quantum kernel methods decreases with qubit count. We reproduce these negative results and show that if the kernel bandwidth is optimized, the performance instead improves with growing qubit count and becomes competitive with the best classical methods.
description: Camera-ready version
Frequency analysis of extreme scour depths at bridge piers and their contribution to bridge collapse risk
Creators: name: Rifo, Cristian
name: Arriagada, Pedro
name: Ettmer, Bernd
name: Link, Oscar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Bridge failures due to scour occur more frequently than expected, although bridge design considers conservative scenarios, evidencing a stochastic scour behaviour and the need for improvements in current design procedures. In this paper, a new method for determination of design local scour depth at bridge piers is proposed. The results show that peaks-over-threshold series are better suited than annual-maximum series of maximum scour depths for frequency analysis. Extreme scour depths follow the heavy-tailed Cauchy distribution. Scour depths with a 100-year return period resulted in 22 to 202% of the equilibrium scour depth currently used in design, evidencing the need for a different criterion to select the design scour depth. The proposed method computes the design local scour depth based on its probability of occurrence, introducing a novel probabilistic approach in bridge design for enhanced infrastructure risk management compatible with multi-hazard analysis.
Potential Constraints to Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions Based on Electron Scattering Data
Creators: name: Pandey, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough understanding of neutrino-nucleus interactions physics is crucial to achieving precision goals in broader neutrino physics programs. The complexity of nuclei comprising the detectors and limited understanding of their weak response constitutes one of the biggest systematic uncertainties in neutrino experiments - both at intermediate energies affecting the short- and long-baseline neutrino programs as well as at lower energies affecting coherent scattering neutrino programs. While electron and neutrino interactions are different at the primary vertex, many underlying relevant physical processes in the nucleus are the same in both cases, and electron scattering data collected with precisely controlled kinematics, large statistics and high precision allows one to constrain nuclear properties and specific interaction processes. To this end, electron-nucleus scattering experiments provide vital complementary information to test, assess and validate different nuclear models and event generators intended to be used in neutrino experiments. In fact, for many decades, the study of electron scattering off a nucleus has been used as a tool to probe the properties of that nucleus and its electromagnetic response. While previously existing electron scattering data provide important information, new and proposed measurements are tied closely to what is required for the neutrino program in terms of expanding kinematic reach, the addition of relevant nuclei and information on the final states hadronic system.
description: Proceedings of the 23rd International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators (NuFACT 2022). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2203.06853
Formal Verification, Engineering and Business Value
Creators: name: Huuck, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How to apply automated verification technology such as model checking and static program analysis to millions of lines of embedded C/C++ code? How to package this technology in a way that it can be used by software developers and engineers, who might have no background in formal verification? And how to convince business managers to actually pay for such a software? This work addresses a number of those questions. Based on our own experience on developing and distributing the Goanna source code analyzer for detecting software bugs and security vulnerabilities in C/C++ code, we explain the underlying technology of model checking, static analysis and SMT solving, steps involved in creating industrial-proof tools.
description: In Proceedings FTSCS 2012, arXiv:1212.6574
High-dimensional multi-input quantum random access codes and mutually unbiased bases
Creators: name: Miao, Rui-Heng
name: Liu, Zhao-Di
name: Sun, Yong-Nan
name: Ning, Chen-Xi
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum random access codes (QRACs) provide a basic tool for demonstrating the advantages of quantum resources and protocols, which have a wide range of applications in quantum information processing tasks. However, the investigation and application of high-dimensional $(d)$ multi-input $(n)$ $n^{(d)}\rightarrow1$ QRACs are still lacking. Here, we present a general method to find the maximum success probability of $n^{(d)}\rightarrow1$ QRACs. In particular, we give the analytical solution for maximum success probability of $3^{(d)}\rightarrow1$ QRACs when measurement bases are mutually unbiased bases (MUBs). Based on the analytical solution, we show the relationship between MUBs and $n^{(d)}\rightarrow1$ QRACs. First, we provide a systematic method of searching for the operational inequivalence of MUBs (OI-MUBs) when the dimension $d$ is a prime power. Second, we theoretically prove that, surprisingly, the commonly used Galois MUBs are not the optimal measurement bases to obtain the maximum success probability of $n^{(d)}\rightarrow1$ QRACs, which indicates a breakthrough according to the traditional conjecture regarding the optimal measurement bases. Furthermore, based on high-fidelity high-dimensional quantum states of orbital angular momentum, we experimentally achieve two-input and three-input QRACs up to dimension 11. We experimentally confirm the OI-MUBs when $d=5$. Our results open alternative avenues for investigating the foundational properties of quantum mechanics and quantum network coding.
media/rep/ - Repositorium für Medienwissenschaft
Creators: name: Matuszkiewicz, Kai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medienwissenschaft
Media Studies
Repositorium
Fachrepositorium
Repository
Forschungsdaten
Publikationen

description: Das Poster stellt das Profil und die Dienste des medienwissenschaftlichen Fachrepositoriums media/rep/ vor.
Dynamical Instabilities in High-Obliquity Systems
Creators: name: Tamayo, Daniel
name: Burns, Joseph A.
name: Hamilton, Douglas P.
name: Nicholson, Philip D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-inclination circumplanetary orbits that are gravitationally perturbed by the central star can undergo Kozai oscillations---large-amplitude, coupled variations in the orbital eccentricity and inclination. We first study how this effect is modified by incorporating perturbations from the planetary oblateness. Tremaine et al. (2009) found that, for planets with obliquities > 68.875 degrees, orbits in the equilibrium local Laplace plane are unstable to eccentricity perturbations over a finite radial range, and execute large-amplitude chaotic oscillations in eccentricity and inclination. In the hope of making that treatment more easily understandable, we analyze the problem using orbital elements, confirming this threshold obliquity. Furthermore, we find that orbits inclined to the Laplace plane will be unstable over a broader radial range, and that such orbits can go unstable for obliquities less than 68.875 degrees. Finally, we analyze the added effects of radiation pressure, which are important for dust grains and provide a natural mechanism for particle semimajor axes to sweep via Poynting-Robertson drag through any unstable range. We find that generally the effect persists; however, the unstable radial range is shifted and small retrograde particles can avoid the instability altogether. We argue that this is occurs because radiation pressure modifies the equilibrium Laplace plane.
description: 39 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ
How to enhance the inverse distance weighting method to detect precipitation pattern on a large-scale watershed
Creators: name: Ghomlaghi, Arash
name: Nasseri, Mohsen
name: Bayat, Bardia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Accurate spatial estimation of precipitation is central to hydroclimatic studies. In this study, deterministic and probabilistic Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) methods were utilized to provide spatial estimations of precipitation. To improve their accuracies, a modified version of IDW was developed by separation of IDW weights in XY-plane and Z direction. Moreover, four different weight functions were used to investigate how changing pattern of the weights relative to the distance and elevation affect the accuracy of the interpolation. Finally, four IDW variants were implemented for spatial modeling of precipitation in Central Plateau watershed located in Iran, using monthly data of 582 rain gauge stations during 2005 to 2015. Based on the statistics, modified IDW methods were about 8% more accurate than the standard IDW methods. Additionally, Correlated Triple Collocation (CTC) analysis showed that modified models have resulted in 12% smaller RMSEs in comparison with the standard models.
Mutual intelligibility experiment
Creators: name: Furugen, Setsu
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
name: Mizuno, Akiko
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Teedun-muni language

description: 2 WAV files, 1 TXT file. Recorded Pingu and Pear stories for mutual intelligibility experiment.
TransMorph: Transformer for unsupervised medical image registration
Creators: name: Chen, Junyu
name: Frey, Eric C.
name: He, Yufan
name: Segars, William P.
name: Li, Ye
name: Du, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have been a major focus of research in medical image analysis. However, the performances of ConvNets may be limited by a lack of explicit consideration of the long-range spatial relationships in an image. Recently Vision Transformer architectures have been proposed to address the shortcomings of ConvNets and have produced state-of-the-art performances in many medical imaging applications. Transformers may be a strong candidate for image registration because their substantially larger receptive field enables a more precise comprehension of the spatial correspondence between moving and fixed images. Here, we present TransMorph, a hybrid Transformer-ConvNet model for volumetric medical image registration. This paper also presents diffeomorphic and Bayesian variants of TransMorph: the diffeomorphic variants ensure the topology-preserving deformations, and the Bayesian variant produces a well-calibrated registration uncertainty estimate. We extensively validated the proposed models using 3D medical images from three applications: inter-patient and atlas-to-patient brain MRI registration and phantom-to-CT registration. The proposed models are evaluated in comparison to a variety of existing registration methods and Transformer architectures. Qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that the proposed Transformer-based model leads to a substantial performance improvement over the baseline methods, confirming the effectiveness of Transformers for medical image registration.
description: Accepted to Medical Image Analysis ((c) MedIA). Code available at https://bit.ly/37eJS6N | This version: Several typographical errors were fixed
The Power of Selecting Key Blocks with Local Pre-ranking for Long Document Information Retrieval
Creators: name: Li, Minghan
name: Popa, Diana Nicoleta
name: Chagnon, Johan
name: Cinar, Yagmur Gizem
name: Gaussier, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: On a wide range of natural language processing and information retrieval tasks, transformer-based models, particularly pre-trained language models like BERT, have demonstrated tremendous effectiveness. Due to the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism, however, such models have difficulties processing long documents. Recent works dealing with this issue include truncating long documents, in which case one loses potential relevant information, segmenting them into several passages, which may lead to miss some information and high computational complexity when the number of passages is large, or modifying the self-attention mechanism to make it sparser as in sparse-attention models, at the risk again of missing some information. We follow here a slightly different approach in which one first selects key blocks of a long document by local query-block pre-ranking, and then few blocks are aggregated to form a short document that can be processed by a model such as BERT. Experiments conducted on standard Information Retrieval datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
description: 34 pages, accepted by ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Coronagraphic phase diversity: performance study and laboratory demonstration
Creators: name: Paul, B.
name: Mugnier, L. M.
name: Sauvage, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The final performance of current and future instruments dedicated to exoplanet detection and characterization (such as SPHERE on the European Very Large Telescope, GPI on Gemini North, or future instruments on Extremely Large Telescopes) is limited by uncorrected quasi-static aberrations. These aberrations create long-lived speckles in the scientific image plane, which can easily be mistaken for planets. Common adaptive optics systems require dedicated components to perform wave-front analysis. The ultimate wave-front measurement performance is thus limited by the unavoidable differential aberrations between the wavefront sensor and the scientific camera. To reach the level of detectivity required by high-contrast imaging, these differential aberrations must be estimated and compensated for. In this paper, we characterize and experimentally validate a wave-front sensing method that relies on focal-plane data. Our method, called COFFEE (for COronagraphic Focal-plane wave-Front Estimation for Exoplanet detection), is based on a Bayesian approach, and it consists in an extension of phase diversity to high-contrast imaging. It estimates the differential aberrations using only two focal-plane coronagraphic images recorded from the scientific camera itself. In this paper, we first present a thorough characterization of COFFEE's performance by means of numerical simulations. This characterization is then compared with an experimental validation of COFFEE using an in-house adaptive optics bench and an apodized Roddier & Roddier phase mask coronagraph. An excellent match between experimental results and the theoretical study is found. Lastly, we present a preliminary validation of COFFEE's ability to compensate for the aberrations upstream of a coronagraph.
description: A&A accepted
title: Healing Through Making
Creators: name: Zahra, Syeda Maleeka
Publisher: name: Emily Carr University of Art and Design
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Design
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85037197
subject: Phenomenalism
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100679
subject: Healing
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85059506
subject: Self-care, Health
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119714

description: My research project is a personal journey of discovery that aims to explore how communication and design can open the doors for healing and learning far beyond conventional ways. Through this intentional, often circular thinking and specific exploratory projects that make up the research, I have attempted to understand how material practice can help mitigate the effects of grief to assist in the ideas of self-care and healing. It has provided a holistic view of healing and care that recenters culture and identity integral to self-care and well-being. Lauren Vaughan states caring for unknown others is so challenging because the farther we move from the familiar, the less control we have and the more risk of failure is. Often, we find ourselves becoming lost, unknown of what it may feel like to be in touch with ourselves while we care for others in the community. There’s an under-appreciation for understanding ourselves and that reflective element that I believe is critical to being a designer who can help, listen or even create or formulate work with stakeholders in all fields. The research uses an experiential (phenomenological) approach which allows contemplation on the experience of practice to create a conceptual work for mitigating grief through material practice. The material practice finds meaning and value in the cultural capital. I use auto-ethnography because it requires the researcher or designer first to question themselves and their place in the world. Schouwengerg and Kaethler, authors of the auto-ethnographic turn in design, contrast with historical processes in ethnography and design that look outward first. This approach, however, closely tethers research with creative personal expression. They state, “forging deeply intimate objects that research and communicate personal sentiments, traumas, fears, obsessions, hopes, fascinations, passions, and more.” As we recuperate from the pandemic, it is essential to share and have conversations about how to continue engaging with the self and others. I write this thesis to serve as both a guide and an invitation for my fellow design researchers - an invitation to dedicate ourselves to facing the realities of life with care, explore how best to heal and commit to ourselves as a community by using creative healing centred design techniques to move forward.
Experimental demonstration of entanglement delivery using a quantum network stack
Creators: name: Pompili, Matteo
name: Donne, Carlo Delle
name: Raa, Ingmar te
name: van der Vecht, Bart
name: Skrzypczyk, Matthew
name: Ferreira, Guilherme
name: de Kluijver, Lisa
name: Stolk, Arian J.
name: Hermans, Sophie L. N.
name: Pawełczak, Przemysław
name: Kozlowski, Wojciech
name: Hanson, Ronald
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scaling current quantum communication demonstrations to a large-scale quantum network will require not only advancements in quantum hardware capabilities, but also robust control of such devices to bridge the gap to user demand. Moreover, the abstraction of tasks and services offered by the quantum network should enable platform-independent applications to be executed without knowledge of the underlying physical implementation. Here we experimentally demonstrate, using remote solid-state quantum network nodes, a link layer and a physical layer protocol for entanglement-based quantum networks. The link layer abstracts the physical-layer entanglement attempts into a robust, platform-independent entanglement delivery service. The system is used to run full state tomography of the delivered entangled states, as well as preparation of a remote qubit state on a server by its client. Our results mark a clear transition from physics experiments to quantum communication systems, which will enable the development and testing of components of future quantum networks.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, supplementary materials
PALS-Based Analysis of an Airplane Multirate Control System in Real-Time Maude
Creators: name: Bae, Kyungmin
name: Krisiloff, Joshua
name: Meseguer, José
name: Ölveczky, Peter Csaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed cyber-physical systems (DCPS) are pervasive in areas such as aeronautics and ground transportation systems, including the case of distributed hybrid systems. DCPS design and verification is quite challenging because of asynchronous communication, network delays, and clock skews. Furthermore, their model checking verification typically becomes unfeasible due to the huge state space explosion caused by the system's concurrency. The PALS ("physically asynchronous, logically synchronous") methodology has been proposed to reduce the design and verification of a DCPS to the much simpler task of designing and verifying its underlying synchronous version. The original PALS methodology assumes a single logical period, but Multirate PALS extends it to deal with multirate DCPS in which components may operate with different logical periods. This paper shows how Multirate PALS can be applied to formally verify a nontrivial multirate DCPS. We use Real-Time Maude to formally specify a multirate distributed hybrid system consisting of an airplane maneuvered by a pilot who turns the airplane according to a specified angle through a distributed control system. Our formal analysis revealed that the original design was ineffective in achieving a smooth turning maneuver, and led to a redesign of the system that satisfies the desired correctness properties. This shows that the Multirate PALS methodology is not only effective for formal DCPS verification, but can also be used effectively in the DCPS design process, even before properties are verified.
description: In Proceedings FTSCS 2012, arXiv:1212.6574
Energy-based Assessment and Driving Behavior of ACC Systems and Humans Inside Platoons
Creators: name: Apostolakis, Theocharis
name: Makridis, Michail A.
name: Kouvelas, Anastasios
name: Ampountolas, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Evidence in the literature shows that automated and human driving modes demonstrate different driving characteristics, i.e., headway policy, spacing policy, reaction time, comfortable acceleration, and others. These differences alter observed traffic dynamics and have an impact on energy consumption. This paper assesses the energy footprint of commercially implemented adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems and human drivers in car-following formation via different models using empirical observations on very similar driving cycles and/or routes. Most importantly, it initiates a critical discussion of the findings under the behavioral properties of each mode. Findings show that: ACC systems propagate an increasing energy consumption upstream, while human drivers do not; they succeed in maintaining a constant time-headway policy, operating very reliably; they develop a strong bond with their leader compared to their human counterparts; the two modes (humans and ACCs) are operating in different phase-space areas with room for improvement. Overall, findings show that ACC systems must be optimized to achieve a trade-off between functional requirements and eco-driving instructions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 Tables
Baryon acoustic oscillations from HI intensity mapping: the importance of cross-correlations in the monopole and quadrupole
Creators: name: Rubiola, Andrea
name: Cunnington, Steven
name: Camera, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological parameter estimation in the post-reionisation era via neutral hydrogen radio emission ($\text{\hi}$), is among the key science goals of the forthcoming SKA Observatory (SKAO). This paper explores detection capability for baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) with a suite of \(100\) simulations introducing the main limitations from foreground contamination and poor angular resolution caused by the radio telescope beam. Such broad single-dish beam representing a serious challenge for BAO detection with \hi\ intensity mapping, we investigate a multipole expansion approach as a means for mitigating such limitations. We also showcase the gains made from cross-correlating the \hi\ intensity mapping data with an overlapping spectroscopic galaxy survey, aiming to test potential synergies between the SKA Project and other future cosmological experiments at optical/near-infrared wavelengths. For our ${\sim}\,4\,000\,\mathrm{deg}^2$ data set at $z\,{=}\,0.9$, replicating the essential features of an SKAO \hi\ intensity mapping survey, we were able to achieve a ${\sim}\,4.5σ$ detection of BAO features in auto-correlation despite the dominant beam effect. Cross-correlation with an overlapping galaxy survey can increase this to a ${\sim}\,6σ$ detection. Furthermore, including the power spectrum quadrupole besides the monopole in a joint fit can approximately double the BAO detection significance. Despite not implementing a radial-only $P(k_\parallel)$ analysis in favour of the three-dimensional $P(\bm{k})$ and its multipoles, we were still able to obtain robust constraints on the radial Alcock-Paczynski parameter, whereas the perpendicular parameter remains unconstrained and prior dominated due to beam effects.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures; fixed formatting and references
Miscellaneous stories
Creators: name: Furugen, Setsu
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
name: Mizuno, Akiko
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Teedun-muni language

description: 9 WAV files, 1 EAF file, 2 TXT files.
title: The cuirass grave in the Tschoneggerfranzl barrow 2 near Kleinklein (Gem. Großklein, Bez. Leib - nitz) in Western Styria
Creators: name: Hansen, Leif
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Im Rahmen des vom Steiermärkischen Landesmuseum Joanneum in Graz und vom Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum gemeinschaftlich betriebenen Projektes »Die hallstattzeitlichen Fürstengräber von Klein klein (Gem. Großklein, Bez. Leibnitz) in der Weststeiermark« traten einige verschollene sowie bislang unbekannt gebliebene Funde aus dem 1882 gegrabenen Tschoneggerfranzl-Tumulus 2 zutage, die im RGZM einer erneuten Restaurierung unterzogen wurden. Besonders hervorzuheben sind die lange Zeit als verloren gegoltenen Fragmente eines Bronzepanzers. Die Auswertung der Beigaben, die aus einer Steinkammer mit Dromos unter einem Tumulus stammen, hat zeigen können, dass in dem Grab neben einer männlichen Person mindestens eine Frau und möglicherweise auch ein Kind bestattet wurden. Ferner ist gesichert, dass das Grabmonument am Übergang der Stufen Ha C2/D1 bzw. am Beginn der Phase Ha D1 angelegt wurde. Die Ausstattung des Verstorbenen aus dem Tschoneggerfranzl-Tumulus 2 reicht nicht an die der »fürstlichen« Begräbnisse des Pommer- oder Kröllkogels heran. Dennoch handelt es sich um ein außergewöhnlich reich ausgestattetes Grab. Neben einigen anderen reicheren Bestattungen kann die Grablege im Tschonegger - franzl- Tumulus 2 als herrschaftliche Anlage gedeutet werden; der Verstorbene dürfte ein Angehöriger einer Art von »Hofstaat« gewesen sein.
description: Within the project »Die hallstattzeitlichen Fürstengräber von Klein klein (Gem. Großklein, Bez. Leibnitz) in der Weststeiermark« jointly undertaken by the Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum in Graz and the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum in Mainz some mislaid and hitherto unknown finds from the Tschoneggerfranzl barrow 2 excavated in 1882 appeared, which were restored anew in the RGZM. Especially of note are the fragments of a bronze cuirass which for a long time was thought to have been lost. The analysis of the finds coming from a stone chamber with entrance-corridor (dromos) beneath a barrow has shown that, apart from a male person, at least one woman, and perhaps a child as well, were buried in the grave. Furthermore, it is certain that the grave monument was built during the transition of phases Ha C2/D1, or perhaps at the beginning of the Ha D1. In the quality of his apparel the deceased person from the Tschoneggerfranzl barrow 2 does not approach the »chieftain« burials of the Pommer- or Kröllkogel. However, it is still an unusually richly equipped grave. Beside several other rich graves the burial in the Tschoneggerfranzl barrow 2 can be interpreted as an aristocrat’s construction; the deceased may be adjudged to have belonged to a type of »princely household« .
Recollections of fond memories
Creators: name: Furugen, Setsu
name: Nohara, Mitsu
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
name: Mizuno, Akiko
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Teedun-muni language

description: 4 WAV files, 1 TXT file. Includes Japanese.
The Berry phase from the entanglement of future and past light cones: detecting the timelike Unruh effect
Creators: name: Quach, James Q.
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
name: Munro, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Unruh effect can not only arise out of the entanglement between modes of left and right Rindler wedges, but also between modes of future and past light cones. We explore the geometric phase resulting from this timelike entanglement between the future and past, showing that it can be captured in a simple $Λ$-system. This provides an alternative paradigm to the Unruh-deWitt detector. The Unruh effect has not been experimentally verified because the accelerations needed to excite a response from Unruh-deWitt detectors are prohibitively large. We demonstrate that a stationary but time-dependent $Λ$-system detects the timelike Unruh effect with current technology.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Invasion-wave induced first-order phase transition in systems of active particles
Creators: name: Ihle, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An Enskog-like kinetic equation for self-propelled particles is solved numerically. I study a density instability near the transition to collective motion and find that while hydrodynamics breaks down, the kinetic approach leads to soliton-like supersonic waves with steep leading kinks and Knudsen numbers of order one. These waves show hysteresis, modify the transition threshold and lead to an abrupt jump of the global order parameter if the noise level is changed. Thus they provide a mechanism to change the second-order character of the phase transition to first order.
Non-Trivial Oblique Spin Equilibria of Super-Earths in Multi-planetary Systems
Creators: name: Su, Yubo
name: Lai, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many Sun-like stars are observed to host close-in super-Earths (SEs) as part of a multi-planetary system. In such a system, the spin of the SE evolves due to spin-orbit resonances and tidal dissipation. In the absence of tides, the planet's obliquity can evolve chaotically to large values. However, for close-in SEs, tidal dissipation is significant and suppresses the chaos, instead driving the spin into various steady states. We find that the attracting steady states of the SE's spin are more numerous than previously thought, due to the discovery of a new class of "mixed-mode" high-obliquity equilibria. These new equilibria arise due to subharmonic responses of the parametrically-driven planetary spin, an unusual phenomenon that arises in nonlinear systems. Many SEs should therefore have significant obliquities, with potentially large impacts on the physical conditions of their surfaces and atmospheres.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, accepted to MNRAS