cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The integral reordering of law with application to religious law.
Creators: name: Smith, Patricia.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Law.

description: Integral reordering is a relatively new term in ecclesiastical law. Borrowed from the Italian civil Code, integral reordering was introduced as a means of revocation of law in canon 22 of the 1917 Code of Canon Law. However, with the stability of law ushered in with the initial codification, integral reordering was not used extensively until the time of the Second Vatican Council. In light of the plethora of juridic documents that marked the implementation of Vatican II and the number of such documents that continue to be issued even today, an understanding of this means of revocation is essential in order to determine clearly the ius vigens. This work begins by providing a comprehensive analysis of integral reordering as it has been understood by commentators on both the 1917 and 1983 Code of Canon Law. Canons 6 and 20 of the 1983 Code, which contain the phrases ex integro ordinatur and de integro ordinet , respectively, are the starting point of this investigation. Canon 6 establishes the parameters of the codified law, specifically delineating the relationship between the former law and the law contained in the Code; canon 20 treats the cessation of law. From the research eight principles are proposed that serve as indicators or guides to determine if a law has been integrally reordered. These tenets are authenticated by applying them to an authoritative model of express revocation that was based on the tacit means of revocation put forth in canon 20 and the presumption that favors stability of law cited in canon 21. The validity and utility of the principles are then demonstrated by their application to universal juridic documents that have shaped religious law since the time of the Second Vatican Council. By arriving at the ius vigens for religious, this model serves as a prototype for the application of the principles to other areas of law. Essentially this study answers the question: what is the status of law not included in the 1983 Code. Laws not directly contrary to the Code or those whose subject matter was not integrally reordered, remain part of the ius vigens unless, of course, they have been subsequently reordered by a later legislative text. The determination of precisely what is the ius vigens---and what is not---is a technical skill that necessitates proper tools for reaching right judgments. The application of the principles presented in this study provide such tools to determine the ius vigens, the law that binds the people of God.
Tobacco Control Progress in Low and Middle Income Countries in Comparison to High Income Countries
Creators: name: Anderson, Carrie L.
name: Becher, Heiko
name: Winkler, Volker
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: smoking prevalence
subject: policy measures
subject: tobacco control
subject: MPOWER
subject: global tobacco epidemic
subject: low income countries
subject: middle income countries
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The study aimed to describe worldwide levels and trends of tobacco control policy by comparing low and middle income countries with other income categories from 2007 to 2014 and to analyze the corresponding relation to recent changes in smoking prevalence. Policy measure data representing years 2007 to 2014 were collected from all available World Health Organization (WHO) reports on the global tobacco epidemic. Corresponding policy percentage scores (PS) were calculated based on MPOWER measures. Age-standardized smoking prevalence data for years 2010 and 2015 were collected from the WHO Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Trends of PS were analysed with respect to WHO region and OECD country income category. Scatter plots and regression analysis were used to depict the relationship between tobacco control policy of 2010 and change in smoking prevalence between 2015 and 2010 by sex and income category. Combined PS for all countries increased significantly from 47% in 2007 to 61% by 2014 (p < 0.001). When grouped by income category and region, policies were strengthened in all categories, albeit with varying progression. By 2014, tobacco control policy legislation had reached 45% in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), 59% in Low Middle Income Countries (LMICs), 66% in Upper Middle Income Countries (UMICs) and 70% in High Income Countries (HICs). Overall, there was a negative relationship between higher policy scores and change in smoking prevalence. Although policy strengthening had been conducted between 2007 and 2014, room for considerable global improvement remains, particularly in LDCs. View Full-Text
Detecting Chemical Hazards in Foods Using Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs): The Real-World Application
Creators: name: Hua, Marti Z.
name: Li, Shenmiao
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Lu, Xiaonan
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: Food safety remains one of the most important issues in most countries and the detection of food hazards plays a key role in the systematic approach to ensuring food safety. Rapid, easy-to-use and low-cost analytical tools are required to detect chemical hazards in foods. As a promising candidate, microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been rarely applied to real food samples for testing chemical hazards, although numerous papers have been published in this field in the last decade. This review discusses the current status and concerns of the μPAD applications in the detection of chemical hazards in foods from the perspective of food scientists, mainly for an audience with a background in mechanical and chemical engineering who may have interests in exploring the potential of μPAD to address real-world food safety issues.
Sepsis Caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Positive K. pneumoniae and E. coli: Comparison of Severity of Sepsis, Delay of Anti- Infective Therapy and ESBL Genotype
Creators: name: Sakellariou, Christian
name: Gürntke, Stephan
name: Steinmetz, Ivo
name: Kohler, Christian
name: Pfeifer, Yvonne
name: Gastmeier, Petra
name: Schwab, Frank
name: Kola, Axel
name: Deja, Maria
name: Leistner, Rasmus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are associated with increased mortality. Outcome differences due to various species of ESBL-E or ESBL genotypes are not well investigated. We conducted a cohort study to assess risk factors for mortality in cases of ESBL-E bacteremia (K. pneumoniae or E. coli) and the risk factors for sepsis with organ failure. All consecutive patients of our institution from 2008 to 2011 with bacteremia due to ESBL-E were included. Basic epidemiological data, underlying comorbidities, origin of bacteremia, severity of sepsis and delay of appropriate anti-infective treatment were collected. Isolates were PCR- screened for the presence of ESBL genes and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases. Cox proportional hazard regression on mortality and multivariable logistic regression on risk factors for sepsis with organ failure was conducted. 219 cases were included in the analysis: 73.1% due to E. coli, 26.9% due to K. pneumoniae. There was no significant difference in hospital mortality (ESBL-E. coli, 23.8% vs. ESBL-K. pneumoniae 27.1%, p = 0.724). However, the risk of sepsis with organ failure was associated in cases of K. pneumoniae bacteremia (OR 4.5, p<0.001) and patients with liver disease (OR 3.4, p = 0.004) or renal disease (OR 6.8, p<0.001). We found significant differences in clinical presentation of ESBL-E bacteremia due to K. pneumoniae compared to E. coli. As K. pneumoniae cases showed a more serious clinical presentation as E. coli cases and were associated with different risk factors, treatment and prevention strategies should be adjusted accordingly.
Analysis and improvement of teaching processes and environments with Internet-related tools
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuxiang
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Engineering, System Science.

description: Nowadays, universities and colleges seek e-learning solutions to permit students to learn at different places and times from the usual classes, and e-teaching tools to assist teachers to handle their increasing numbers of students. Inexpensive and platform-independent tools are useful to professors who want to cope with their teaching without more work and with limited resources such as people, machinery, and Internet bandwidth. To improve work processes in the educational environment, particularly in teaching quantitative, problem-solving subjects, the development, dissemination and use of Internet-related tools would be welcomed. Several Internet-related tools or projects are ongoing under Professor John C. Nash in the School of Management at the University of Ottawa. The E-tutor project to date has shown the merit of the concept of a "watch the student work" teaching method that can be (in part, at least) implemented using WWW-type tools running at low bandwidth with more than 100 students. These tools are, however, not yet organized perfectly. It is also important that their advantages and weaknesses be analyzed and placed in context with other solutions that are being developed and implemented.
Social functioning ability and consumer behavior
Creators: name: Chen, Shiyun
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Judgment and decision making
Social crowdedness
Social functioning ability
public abstract
Consumer Behavior

description: This research examines the impact of social functioning ability and social crowdedness on consumer behavior. We also attempt to manipulate social functioning ability within a short time period.
description: Social functioning ability, originating from clinical psychology, refers to an individual's interaction with their social environment and their ability to successfully fulfill their role within that environment (Green, 1996).
description: Our initial focus is to explore how individuals with different levels of social functioning ability react to varying degrees of social crowdedness in different consumption environments. Our findings indicate that consumers with lower social functioning ability are more sensitive to socially crowded shopping environments compared to those with higher social functioning ability. Furthermore, we discover that individuals with lower social functioning ability generally express less preference for social shopping environments. We delve into the underlying theoretical structures that explain these results.
description: Moreover, our research provides preliminary evidence supporting the plausibility of manipulating people's short-term social functioning ability by manipulating their social anxiety levels. Additionally, we attempt to manipulate the amount of social cognitive resources to influence individuals' short-term social functioning ability.
International Workshop "Comparing ETS and NIR Monitoring Data"
Creators: name: Degel, Melanie
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Berichterstattung
subject: Emissionshandel
subject: Workshop
subject: Basisdaten
subject: air monitoring
subject: Luft
subject: Air

description: The main subject of this project was the comparison between plant-specific data of the European Emission Trading System (EU ETS) and the data and methods used for preparation of source category-specific annual inventories, according to the EU monitoring mechanism and the national reporting under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de

description: The main subject of this project was the comparison between plant-specific data of the European ⁠Emission⁠ Trading System (EU ETS) and the data and methods used for preparation of source category-specific annual inventories, according to the EU monitoring mechanism and the national reporting under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (⁠UNFCCC⁠).
Habiter le lieu vide: Le régime totalitaire nazi dans son rapport à l'architecture
Creators: name: Reinhardt, Chanelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Political Science, General.
subject: Architecture.

description: En nous inspirant de l'ouvrage du philosophe politique Miguel Abensour intitulé De la compacité, nous tenterons de démontrer comment le régime totalitaire nazi façonne un espace qui lui est propre. En effet, le régime totalitaire nazi institue un " travail sur l'espace " dont le signe le plus visible est l'architecture. L'essence du totalitarisme, à l'aune des travaux de Claude Lefort et du concept de l'institution symbolique du social , apparaît renvoyer à un système de représentation qui dispose en son centre l'image du peuple qui se fait " un ", sans division. Conséquemment, notre hypothèse est que l'espace nazi peut être compris à la lumière de ce désir qu'à la sociéte totalitaire de faire " un " avec elle-même. Ainsi, par sa mise en scène spatiale et architecturale, le totalitarisme institue un " espace manifeste " (le lieu de l'inclusion, du grandiose, des grands projets architecturaux du Reich) qui se traduit dans une texture spatiale particulière.
Dengue Shock Syndrome Case Management and Investigation in Chiang Saen District Hospital, Chiang Rai Province: A case study
Creators: name: Peeradone Srichan
Publisher: name: School of Health Science Mae Fah Luang University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Dengue fever
Dengue shock syndrome
Case management
Investigation
surveillance and rapid response team (SRRT)

description: Journal of Health Science and Alternative Medicine, 2, 1, 31-33
The effect of vitamins A and E on neuroblastoma growth and differentiation.
Creators: name: Slack, Ruth S.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Biology, Cell.

description: The effects of dl-$\alpha$-tocopherol and dl-$\alpha$-tocopheryl succinate on neuroblastoma, N1E 115, cells were studied. Tocopherol had no growth-arresting properties, whereas its succinate ester derivative inhibited growth at concentrations $\ge$20 $\mu$M. The succinate derivative was taken up somewhat more readily than free tocopherol; however, for any equal uptake of both forms of vitamin E, only the succinate derivative could affect growth. Tocopheryl succinate was taken up without marked conversion to tocopherol. The data point to the functionality of the carboxyl group of the succinate derivative as a basis for the difference in potency of the two forms of vitamin E. The succinate derivative of vitamin E was effective in growth inhibition of neuroblastoma, although the mechanism of action appears to involve cytotoxicity rather than induction of differentiation. The effects of retinoic acid on the morphology, the lipid metabolism and protein kinase activities of two related human neuroblastoma cell lines, SK-N-SH-F (SH-F) and SK-N-SH-N (SH-N) were studied. Pulse-chase experiments with both cell lines showed that turnover of arachidonic acid in lipid classes was most rapid in phosphatidylinositol, followed by phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, and very low in phosphatidylserine. The redistribution of the arachidonic acid label following the chase was found to be markedly different in these variant cell lines. In SH-F the decrease of label in phospholipids was accompanied by an increase in the labelling of triglyceride. In SH-N, this redistribution of label in triglyceride was not observed. Following a six day exposure to retinoic acid, increased arachidonic acid turnover was observed in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine in SH-F and SH-N cell lines. The effect of retinoic acid on components of signal transduction pathways was investigated. Marked, but opposite, changes in protein kinase C activity were observed in both cell lines following retinoic acid treatment. SH-F cells displayed a substantial increase in protein kinase C activity; and SH-N cells, exhibited a decrease in protein kinase C activity. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Behavior of confined concrete under eccentric loading.
Creators: name: Salamat, Amir Hossein.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Civil.

description: The objective of the research program reported in this thesis was to establish characteristics of confined concrete under a strain gradient. Both experimental and analytical research were conducted. Twelve large scale columns were tested under monotonically increasing eccentric compression. The level of eccentricity was the main variable. Columns with different tie spacings and reinforcement arrangements were subjected to different levels of eccentric loading. The results indicated that the eccentricity of loading did not affect the behavior of confined concrete significantly. The experimental results were compared against analytical results based on three previously proposed models for confined concrete. The analytical results confirmed the experimental findings. Models developed for concentric loading produced good estimates of column response under eccentric loading. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Outil logiciel pour le design et l'analyse d'expérience par les méthodes d'analyse factorielle et fractionnelle factorielle.
Creators: name: Do Régo, Yves.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: Une experimentation est conduite pour repondre a une ou plusieurs questions que l'on peat se poser sur un sujet sous analyse. En vue de rendre systematique cette demarche, de nombreuses methodes de construction de design d'experimentation ont ete concues par des statisticiens; ces methodes statistiques, en systematisant l'experimentation, ont egalement rendu plus aisees l'analyse et l'interpretation de leurs resultats. L'objectif de la presente these est le developpement d'un logiciel appliquant les methodes d'analyse factorielle et fractionnelle factorielle a un environnement de simulation sur ordinateur. Ces methodes permettront la generation d'un ensemble de jeux d'essais qui une fois executes et analyses determineront les effets et les implications que les parametres d'entrees peuvent avoir sur le modele de simulation sous etude.
PACS photometry of the Herschel Reference Survey - far-infrared/submillimetre colours as tracers of dust properties in nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Cortese, Luca
name: Fritz, J.
name: Bianchi, S.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Bendo, G. J.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Baes, M.
name: Buat, V.
name: Clemens, M.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Cormier, D.
name: Davies, J. I.
name: De Looze, I.
name: Eales, S. A.
name: Fuller, C.
name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Madden, S.
name: Munoz-Mateos, J.
name: Pappalardo, C.
name: Pierini, D.
name: Rémy-Ruyer, A.
name: Sauvage, M.
name: di Serego Alighieri, S.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Vlahakis, C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We present Herschel/PACS 100 and 160 μm integrated photometry for the 323 galaxies in the Herschel Reference Survey (HRS), a K-band, volume-limited sample of galaxies in the local Universe. Once combined with the Herschel/SPIRE observations already available, these data make the HRS the largest representative sample of nearby galaxies with homogeneous coverage across the 100-500 μm wavelength range. In this paper, we take advantage of this unique data set to investigate the properties and shape of the far-infrared/submillimetre spectral energy distribution in nearby galaxies. We show that, in the stellar mass range covered by the HRS (8 ≲ log (M*/M⊙) ≲ 12), the far-infrared/submillimetre colours are inconsistent with a single modified blackbody having the same dust emissivity index β for all galaxies. In particular, either β decreases or multiple temperature components are needed, when moving from metal-rich/gas-poor to metal-poor/gas-rich galaxies. We thus investigate how the dust temperature and mass obtained from a single modified blackbody depend on the assumptions made on β. We show that, while the correlations between dust temperature, galaxy structure and star formation rate are strongly model dependent, the dust mass scaling relations are much more reliable, and variations of β only change the strength of the observed trends.
The isolation and characterization of homeobox sequences in the Mexican axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum.
Creators: name: Whiteley, Mary.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Biology, Zoology.

description: The homeo box is a 180 base pair DNA sequence that is found in some genes of Drosophila which are crucial to its embryogenesis. Hence, this sequence has been used extensively as a probe to search for genes which may play a role in the development of vertebrates. Sequences with homology to Drosophila homeo boxes have been found in a number of vertebrate species including mouse, man and frog. The purpose of this thesis was to clone homeo box sequences from the Mexican axolotl, an animal which has had a distinguished history in the study of development. Clones cross-hybridizing with the Drosophila Antennapedia homeo box were obtained from a partial genomic library enriched for such sequences. One clone (pAhox1) contained a homeo box sequence (Ahox1) which is 66% homologous to the Antp sequence, and is most closely related to the mouse Hox-1.6 homeo box (84% identity). Total RNA from several embryonic stages was probed with a 560 bp KpnI fragment of pAhox1 containing the homeo box (HB-Kpn). This showed that transcripts hybridizing to this sequence were detected only in neurula, and tail bud axolotl embryos, suggesting that this sequence is developmentally regulated. Tissue specific expression of Ahox1 was examined in dissected neurula and tail bud embryos. In the neurula, transcripts hybridizing to Ahox1 were found to be restricted to the posterior two thirds of the neural plate and in tail bud embryos from the anterior margin of the gill bulge to the pronephric duct. Another clone (pAhox2) obtained from this library contained a partial homeo box sequence, and its homology to the Antp sequence was found to reside in the last 60 nucleotides of the homeo box, a region thought to be responsible for DNA binding. One powerful method to study gene function in vertebrates has been the introduction of cloned DNA sequences into developing organisms by microinjection. Expression of exogenous sequences in fertilized axolotl eggs were therefore examined, by using constructs consisting of a eukaryotic promoter, fused with the E. coli lacZ coding sequence which could be detected by histochemical staining. Expression from several eukaryotic promoters was observed, and the strongest expression observed was with the mouse hsp68 promoter. In order to examine the possible role of Ahox1, a construct was prepared with HB-Kpn fused to the mouse hsp68 promoter. When this construct was microinjected into fertilized axolotl eggs, defects in the anterior neural tissues were observed. These were first observed in the neurula stage of development, when Ahox1 expression is first observed. The abnormalities observed in these embryos were in neural tissues not normally expressing Ahox1.
A novel dopamine-derived conjugate as a unique detoxification pathway and indicator of catecholaminergic stress
Creators: name: Crawford, Rachel Allyce
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: aldehyde
DOPAL
glutathione S-transferase
Parkinson's disease
public abstract
Biomarkers
Dopamine
Toxicology

description: Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin to produce 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde (DOPEGAL), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde (5-HIAL), respectively. These aldehydes are potently cytotoxic and have been implicated in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and cardiometabolic disorders. Previous work has demonstrated that both the catechol and aldehyde moieties of DOPAL are reactive and cytotoxic via their propensity to cause macromolecular cross-linking. With certain amines, DOPAL likely reacts via a Schiff base before oxidative activation of the catechol and rearrangement to a stable indole product. This work expands on this reactivity and includes the less-studied DOPEGAL and 5-HIAL. DOPAL modifies the activity of glutathione S-transferase, a key antioxidant defense enzyme. ʟ-cysteine is protective against this modification, likely via conjugate formation with DOPAL. Because antioxidants had no effect on DOPAL’s reactivity with ʟ-cysteine, we propose a non-oxidative mechanism where, following Schiff base formation, the thiol of ʟ-cysteine reacts to form a thiazolidine. Similarly, we demonstrate that DOPEGAL forms a putative thiazolidine conjugate with ʟ-cysteine. We identified and characterized both ʟ-cysteine conjugates via HPLC-MS and additionally identified a DOPEGAL adduct with carnosine, which is likely an Amadori product. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate that these conjugates are produced in biological systems via MAO after treatment of the cell lysate with norepinephrine or dopamine along with the corresponding nucleophiles (i.e., ʟ-cysteine and carnosine). Additionally, this work establishes that the ʟ-cysteine products are produced in vitro when cells are treated with norepinephrine or dopamine and confirms the production of a 5-HIAL and ʟ-cysteine conjugate when cells are treated with serotonin. Additionally, a putative monomethylated metabolite of the DOPAL and ʟ-cysteine conjugate was observed in vitro. More work may establish that the treatment of cells with neurotoxicants indicate that disruption of the dopaminergic pathway increases the DOPAL and ʟ-cysteine conjugate; current results are inconclusive. As it has been established that metabolic and oxidative stress leads to increased MAO activity and accumulation of DOPAL, DOPEGAL, and 5-HIAL, it is conceivable that conjugation of these aldehydes to carnosine or ʟ-cysteine is a newly identified detoxification pathway. Furthermore, the ability to characterize these adducts via analytical techniques reveals their potential for use as biomarkers of dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin metabolic disruption.
The second language acquisition of Irish relative clauses: The morphologysyntax interface
Creators: name: Scott, Sheila
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Language, Linguistics.

description: The thesis explores whether or not overt bound morphology triggers the acquisition of distinct structural representations or whether these representations are acquired independently of the morphology. Second language learners of Irish were tested to determine their level of sensitivity to distinct complementizer forms in Irish, aL which triggers lenition on the verb in the presence of a gap in the clause and aN which triggers eclipsis on the verb in the presence of a resumptive pronoun in the clause. Adult second language learners of Irish were tested using aural and written acceptability judgements tasks to determine if they had acquired a resumptive strategy according to the form of the complementizer. Results indicated that learners were not sensitive to the distinct complementizer, i.e., to the distinct mutations of the verbs. Gap structures were preferred regardless of the mutation on the verb. An emerging resumptive strategy appears to be present based on the acceptance of resumptive pronouns in the form of prepositional pronouns in the clause. It is argued that access to Universal Grammar has facilitated this development independently of the acquisition of the prescribed morphology. Results also appear to indicate that there is a generation gap between native speakers and their ability to distinguish between the aL and aN complementizers. A lack of sensitivity to the mutations appears to be present in the young bilingual speakers of Irish who grew up with both languages in the home. It is argued that increased exposure to a variety of dialects through the media as well as pressures of language contact, have had an impact.
Bodytemple metaphor: Early Christian reconciliation with Roman architecture
Creators: name: Fai, Stephen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Religion, History of.

description: The history of early Christian architecture has been presented as a gradual, typological transformation from undifferentiated residential buildings in the first two centuries, to modified residential buildings in the third, culminating in the monumental Constantinian structures of the fourth century. To rationalize this transformation, a great deal of scholarship has focused on identifying formal, cultural, and programmatic characteristics that might link the domus to the basilica. However, along held view is that the basilica, along with all monumental church architecture, is a Roman deviation in the evolution of Christianity. To support this argument, proponents read NT passages like the body/temple metaphor of 1 Cor. 3.16-17 and John 2.19-22 as indicative of a Christian rejection of Roman and Jewish material culture. These contrary aspects of early Christianity, the construction of monumental churches and the tacit rebuke of Roman architecture in Christian texts, have been characterized by Paul Corby Finney as iconic and aniconic. In an effort to better understand early Christian architecture, recent studies employ models from cultural theory and sociology to reveal the broader context of church building, demonstrating similar patterns of architectural development among other cultural groups living within the Empire. Richard Krautheimer and L. Michael White are foremost in this field and they have provided a solid foundation for re-evaluating the evidence. While these seminal archaeological and architectural studies have provided us with a chronology of formal and programmatic developments for the beginnings of Christian architecture, they have done little to help us understand how early Christians came to reconcile the conflicting ontological demands of being the temple in Christ (NT) with building the temple for Christ (Constantine). In this dissertation, I argue that a reconciliation between NT body/temple metaphor and Imperial Architecture, between the aniconic and iconic characteristics of Christianity, is achieved, in part, through a shift in the tenor of the metaphor that occurs through the second, third, and fourth centuries. The trajectory of this shift is traced from sources in the Gospels and Epistles through the Epistle of Barnabas, Clement of Alexandria, and Origen to the panegyric written by Eusebius for the commemoration of Paulinus' church at Tyre in 317. I conclude that the metaphorical vehicle of the body/temple, first used rhetorically to unify and segregate the Christian community, has a hermeneutic function that reveals an architectural model in Christ Logos.
Scalable optical switches: Architectures and physical layer characterization
Creators: name: Shankar, Rathy
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: Optical switches are the key components in realizing reconfigurable all optical networks. The deployment of optical switches (replacing the conventional electronic switches) at the network nodes enables increased switching capacity and flexibility to data rate, format, and protocol. The scaling of optical networks, while benefiting from optical transparency is however influenced by the accumulations of certain physical impairments, such as interference (crosstalk) and amplifier noises that cannot be entirely eliminated or compensated without the need for signal regeneration. The objective of this work is to investigate the scalability of various optical switches and networks by using theoretical and experimental models. Integrated directional coupler switches are studied by developing an improved numerical model taking into account of all possible impairments for more accurate representation. New architectural options for large port count wavelength add/drop switches that are modular and cost effective are explored and accessed by making use of the experimental characterization results on the switch modules. Further, the performance aspects of cascading of switches in periodic networks are investigated experimentally by using a re-circulating test bed in the presence of combined physical impairments, and their impact on the tolerance to the switch crosstalk is revealed. Architectural options for the next generation of multi-granularity switching node, consisting of wavelength switches and semiconductor optical amplifier gates, are also explored and their physical layer performance in single and cascaded stages are experimentally characterized for optimum operating conditions. The models, experimental and numerical, presented in this thesis, can be used to understand and predict the limitations due to various impairments in optical switches and networks and to design those systems by comparing different switching configurations and system parameters for an optimized performance, for any given set of requirements.
Bi-fidelity informed Gaussian process regression methods and their applications
Creators: name: Shen, Yanqing
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cokriging
Gaussian Process
multiple fidelities
reduce order modeling
public abstract

description: In engineering and the applied sciences, parameterized partial differential equations (PDE) are widely utilized for modeling heat transfer, solid and fluid mechanics, and financial problems. One of the popular methods for approximating the solution of parameterized PDEs is the reduced basis method. However, the reduced basis method may require major rewrites of the original solver of the full-order model, particularly for nonlinear problems. The goal of this thesis is to construct a nonintrusive surrogate model for solving nonlinear parameterized PDEs. We apply the Gaussian Process (GP), an efficient modeling technique for nonlinear problems. However, the vast majority of the previous research on GP relies on single-fidelity data. High-fidelity data are more accurate, yet have a high cost of computation. Compared to high-fidelity data, low-fidelity data is much cheaper but less accurate. In this thesis, we use Bi-fidelity data, which is a combination of high-fidelity and low-fidelity data, to achieve a comparable level of accuracy as high-fidelity data at a cheaper cost.
description: Specifically, we propose a nonintrusive Bi-fidelity informed Kriging using the Gaussian Process (GP) to approximate the high-fidelity solution of parameterized PDEs. The method utilizes the Bi-fidelity dataset and relies on Gaussian Process (GP) by leveraging the correlation between high-fidelity and low-fidelity solutions. Different from previous literature \cite{KAST2020112947}, our Bi-fidelity inputs are generated by combining the original parameters from high-fidelity data with POD coefficients of low-fidelity data. The Gaussian Process method is then used to approximate the high-fidelity POD coefficients. We present four numerical examples to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods. The errors for the POD-Kriging technique and the Bi-fidelity informed Kriging method are then compared. Second, we introduce Bi-fidelity Weighted Transfer Learning (BFWL) \cite{transferle} to approximate the high-fidelity function. In contrast with the work \cite{transferle}, we apply the Cokriging method \cite{sobester2008engineering} to train with Bi-fidelity dataset as the teacher model. As mentioned in \cite{transferle}, then the hyperparameters of the low-fidelity model and the weighted learning rate will be updated and adjusted. To test the performance of BFWL-Cokriging method, three distinct types of correlation between high-fidelity and low-fidelity numerical examples are presented, followed by a comparison between the Bi-fidelity Weighted Transfer Learning with Cokriging technique and Bi-fidelity Weighted Transfer Learning with the Gaussian Process in \cite{transferle}. Finally, we summarize the thesis and provide some directions for further research.
title: Probability distribution informed extensions for classical model selection methods
title: moving beyond the "Rule of 2"
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Koeneman, Scott H.
Publisher: name: University of Iowa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Model Selection
public abstract

description: The use of likelihood-based information criteria such as the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) for model selection is commonplace. When employing such criteria to compare candidate models, lower values of a criterion are typically indicative of models that achieve an optimal balance between fidelity to the data and parsimony. Model selection may be performed by choosing the model from among those under consideration with the minimum value of the information criterion of choice. However, this method is not guaranteed to produce optimal results in finite sample sizes.
description: Another principle in using likelihood-based information criteria for model selection is often dubbed the “Rule of 2.” This rule of thumb recommends that one should not discount models that possess a criterion value within 2 units of the minimum criterion value among all candidate models, as opposed to simply choosing the model corresponding to the minimum criterion value. This rule can be shown to improve the performance of model selection using information criteria in finite sample size applications, if first used to identify models that are serious candidates for selection followed by selection of one of these models using some other convention.
description: However, while effective, the “Rule of 2” possesses limited theoretical backing. Its justification largely lies on empirical observations in a limited number of modeling scenarios and does not rely on probability theory or the distributions of the quantities at hand.
description: In this thesis, the distributional properties of likelihood-based information criteria are explored. These properties are then leveraged to produce a new model selection procedure involving information criteria that is similar in spirit to the “Rule of 2,” but is backed by more formal probability theory. Through simulations, this procedure is shown to be efficacious in both descriptive and predictive model selection contexts as compared to other methods using the same information criterion. Additionally, a novel goodness-of-fit test for normal linear regression models is developed using the distributional properties of information criteria, with further simulations displaying the utility of this test. Finally, the model selection procedure and goodness-of-fit test are synthesized in an application to real data, demonstrating how both can be used in practice.
Major depressive disorder and access to health services among people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada
Creators: name: Beaulieu, Tara
name: Ti, Lianping
name: Milloy, M-J
name: Nosova, Ekaterina
name: Wood, Evan
name: Hayashi, Kanna
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: People who use illicit drugs (PWUD) are commonly diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about whether PWUD living with MDD experience additional barriers to accessing health services compared to those without MDD. We sought to identify whether MDD symptoms were associated with perceived barriers to accessing health services among people who use illicit drugs (PWUD) in Vancouver, Canada. Methods: Data were collected through prospective cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada between 2005 and 2016. Using multiple logistic regression, we examined the relationship between MDD symptoms, defined as a Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale total score of ≥16, and barriers to access health services. We also used descriptive statistics to examine common barriers among participants who reported any barriers. Results: Among a total of 1529 PWUD, including 521 (34.1%) females, 415 (27.1%) reported barriers to accessing health services, and 956 (62.5%) reported MDD symptoms at baseline. In multiple logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for a range of potential confounders, MDD symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.92) were positively and significantly associated with barriers to accessing health services. Among those who reported MDD symptoms and barriers to access, commonly reported barriers included: long wait lists/times (38.1%); and treated poorly by health care professionals (30.0%). Conclusion: These findings show that the likelihood of experiencing barriers to accessing health services was higher among PWUD with MDD symptoms compared to their counterparts. Policies and interventions tailored to address these barriers are urgently needed for this subpopulation of PWUD.
title: Analysis of archive samples of spring and winter barley support an increase in individual Fusarium species in Bavarian barley grain over the last decades
title: Analysis of archive samples of spring and winter barley support an increase in individual Fusarium species in Bavarian barley grain over the last decades
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Heß, Michael
name: Hofer, Katharina
name: Hückelhoven, Ralph
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Klimaänderung
Gerste

description: A broad range of different Fusarium (F.) species is associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) on barley and the corresponding negative effects in downstream processing of barley grain in food and feed production. Previous studies highlight the significance of the wheat-relevant and well-studied species F. graminearum as well as less prominent species including F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, F. tricinctum, F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae, and others. In this context, prevalent climate and cultivation conditions were shown to determine disease severity as well as dominance of certain species within the Fusarium pathogen complex. To gain further insight into possible historic developments of FHB, the annual occurrence of currently relevant Fusarium species was analyzed in Bavarian archive samples of winter (from 1958 to 2010) and spring barley (from 1965 to 2010) using species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Although DNA contents varied between samples of individual years, data suggest a general increase in Fusarium incidence, particularly in spring barley. Comparing pathogen complexes, we observed not only continuous dominance of F. graminearum in winter barley, but also an increasing relevance of this species in spring barley. The rising Fusarium incidence over time generally coincides with climate change related factors like increasing temperatures. However, it may furthermore be linked to changing cultivation methods and intensified maize production. This study therefore exhibits the dynamic complexity of barley grain contamination with Fusarium spp., which should be taken into account for future disease management. Quelle: https://link.springer.com
A Vibrational Model of Time in Extreme Regimes: Scalar Coupling, Observational Signatures, and Cosmological Implications
Creators: name: Benaglia, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Vibrational Time, Unified Theory, Quantum Gravity, Spacetime, Causality, Particle Physics, H.5, H.15, Computational Simulations

description: This work presents the second part of the Vibrational Time Theory, focusing on computational simulations (modules H.5 and H.15) designed to explore high-energy particle interactions, spacetime structure, and causality under vibrational temporal conditions. The study introduces original formulations and tests the theoretical model using various dynamic environments. It is a comprehensive and foundational work aiming at further development of a unified physical framework.
Electrocardiographic assessments and cardiac events after fingolimod first dose – a comprehensive monitoring study
Creators: name: Limmroth, Volker
name: Dechend, Ralf
name: Haverkamp, Wilhelm [U. V. A.]
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fingolimod
subject: First dose
subject: Electrocardiogram
subject: Cardiac effects
subject: Bradycardia
subject: Atrioventricular conduction
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background First dose observation for cardiac effects is required for fingolimod, but recommendations on the extent vary. This study aims to assess cardiac safety of fingolimod first dose. Individual bradyarrhythmic episodes were evaluated to assess the relevance of continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Methods START is an ongoing open-label, multi-center study. At the time of analysis 3951 patients were enrolled. The primary endpoints are the incidence of bradycardia (heart rate
Evaluating the association between adult primary brain tumours and a family history of cancer
Creators: name: Tomson, Derek
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Epidemiology.

description: There are very few established causes of primary brain tumours in adults. Associated with short survival times, increasing effort is being put forth in an attempt to better understand the risk factors of these neoplasms, including investigating the possible relationship with a family history of cancer and germline genetic polymorphisms. This thesis was conducted to evaluate both of these potential associations. Using an international population-based case-control study, the self-reported family histories of cancer were compared between 1089 glioma cases and 1922 matched controls and between 307 meningioma cases and 1095 controls. Significantly lowered odds of glioma were associated with the reporting of any type of cancer in a first degree relative (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.7-0.99) and with any type of cancer excluding brain tumours (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.7-0.9). No significant associations were found amongst the meningioma cases and controls, though elevated point estimates were found for those reporting parental lung and genitourinary cancers, while the presence of breast, lip, oral, pharyngeal and unspecified cancers all produced great reductions in meningioma odds, suggesting that further study is required. In order to evaluate the association between adult brain tumours and genetic polymorphisms, a systematic review of the literature was completed. A total of 41 case-control studies were included, covering 46 separate genes and more than 100 different single nucleotide polymorphisms. When possible, quantitative data synthesis was performed to establish a more refined point estimate and confidence intervals. Heterogeneity across the studies and variability in the subject matter often prevented any possible data synthesis so establishing associations that were statistically significant was difficult. All told, there were 41 significant associations found amongst the included studies and each varied by the particular polymorphism or histology studied. None of the estimates produced in the quantitative data syntheses suggested a statistically significant association. The results of this thesis suggest that a family history of cancer is not a risk factor for primary brain tumours in adults and that further work is necessary to better establish the possible association between various genetic polymorphisms and adult brain tumours.