Rhinotorus Forster 1869
Creators: name: Reshchikov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Rhinotorus

description: Genus Rhinotorus Förster, 1869
Rhinotorus Förster, 1869: 211.
Spudaea Förster, 1869: 211 Preocc.
Spudaeus Thomson, 1883: 932 Preocc.
Prospudaea Hincks, 1944: 35.
Type species: Spudea longicornis Schmiedeknecht, 1914; designated by Perkins (1962).
Diagnosis (updated from Townes 1970)
Small to moderate sized species, fore wing length 4.5–9 mm. Ground colour mainly black. Antenna slender to stout, with 28–38 flagellomeres. Scape 1.25–1.6 times as long as broad. Face usually convex and densely punctate. Clypeus small, convex, around 0.3–0.4 times as long as broad, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, medially projecting, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin rounded, laterally impressed and sharp. Malar space 0.5–0.7 times basal mandible width. Occipital carina complete. Mandible with teeth usually of equal length. Notaulus distinct. Mesopleuron usually granulate, striated, or densely and coarsely punctate. Metapleuron weakly shining, rugose, with rather dense punctation in upper part. Propodeum strongly rugose. Area superomedia usually fused with area basalis. Costula absent. Area apicalis large, trapezoidal, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation. Spurs of middle and hind tibiae of unequal length. Tarsal claws not pectinate. Fore wing with pterostigma elongate. 2m-cu straight, with a single bulla. Cu-a vertical, slightly postfurcal. Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5. Metasoma coarsely punctate and reticulate rugose. First metasomal tergite usually short and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite, with a strong impression between carinae in basal part. Subapical impression strong. Second metasomal tergite with transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite. Third tergite with weak transverse impression. Ovipositor sheaths weakly clavate. Ovipositor stout at base with triangular shape before shallow subapical notch, its lower valvae slightly swollen before thin tip and tip of upper valve rather elongate after notch. Parameres broad basally and weakly elongate apically, extending beyond aedeagus. Volsella moderately large and notched apically. Aedeagus apically downcurved.
Tribal diagnosis
The genus belongs to the tribe Mesoleiini, whose representatives can be distinguished from other ctenopelmatines by combination of the following characters: epicnemial carina reaching fore edge of mesopleuron, notch between basal part of propodeum (at its middle) and hind edge of postscutellum V-shaped, glymma present, claws mostly without pecten.
Species in the genus Rhinotorus can be recognized by combination of the following characters: first and second metasomal tergites with subapical transverse impressions. Metasoma strongly punctate and reticulate rugose. Median dorsal carinae of first metasomal tergite distinct. 2m-cu with a single bulla. Areolet absent. Glymma present. Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Some representatives of other Mesoleiini genera also have subapical transverse impressions of metasomal tergites [e.g., Mesoleius roepkei Teunissen, 1945 and Saotis brachycerus (Kasoparyan & Kopelke, 2009) comb. nov. (Figs 1, 2 C–D)], but these have a broad and short ovipositor sheath, or a compressed metasoma as in Saotis (Fig. 1). Saotis brachycerus (Kasoparyan & Kopelke 2009) comb. nov. originally was described in the genus Rhinotorus with note “ Saotis ” in the brakes (Kasoparyan & Kopelke 2009). However it should be considered as Saotis since it has the ovipositor sheaths shortly elliptic but not elongate cone- or club-shaped as in Rhinotorus.
description: Published as part of Reshchikov, Alexey V., 2016, A revision of the genus Rhinotorus Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae), with descriptions of three new species and an illustrated identification key, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 235 (235) on pages 3-6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.235, http://zenodo.org/record/3847734