cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Where do small, weakly inertial particles go in a turbulent flow?
Creators: name: Gibert, Mathieu
name: Xu, Haitao
name: Bodenschatz, Eberhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental results on the dynamics of heavy particles of the size of the Kolmogorov-scale in a fully developed turbulent flow. The mixed Eulerian structure function of two-particle velocity and acceleration difference vectors was observed to increase significantly with particle inertia for identical flow conditions. We show that this increase is related to a preferential alignment between these dynamical quantities. With increasing particle density the probability for those two vectors to be collinear was observed to grow. We show that these results are consistent with the preferential sampling of strain-dominated regions by inertial particles.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication JFM (fast-track)
Signalling games: evolutionary convergence on optimality
Creators: name: Lentz, Tom
name: Blutner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2009

description: Horn's division of pragmatic labour (Horn, 1984) is a universal property of language, and amounts to the pairing of simple meanings to simple forms, and deviant meanings to complex forms. This division makes sense, but a community of language users that do not know it makes sense will still develop it after a while, because it gives optimal communication at minimal costs. This property of the division of pragmatic labour is shown by formalising it and applying it to a simple form of signalling games, which allows computer simulations to corroborate intuitions. The division of pragmatic labour is a stable communicative strategy that a population of communicating agents will converge on, and it cannot be replaced by alternative strategies once it is in place.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 51 (2009): Papers on pragmasemantics
BUYRUQ NUTQIY AKTLARIDA PRAGMATIK KOMPETENSIYA
Creators: name: Nasridinov, Muxridin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy tilshunoslikning muhim yo‘nalishlaridan biri bo’lgan pragmalingvistika sohasi haqida ma’lumot beriladi. Turli tizimli tillar ingliz, o‘zbek hamda nemis tillarida “buyruq” nutqiy aktini voqelantiruvchi pragmatik kompetensiya tadqiq qilinadi.
Neural networks, penalty logic and optimality theory
Creators: name: Blutner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2009

description: Ever since the discovery of neural networks, there has been a controversy between two modes of information processing. On the one hand, symbolic systems have proven indispensable for our understanding of higher intelligence, especially when cognitive domains like language and reasoning are examined. On the other hand, it is a matter of fact that intelligence resides in the brain, where computation appears to be organized by numerical and statistical principles and where a parallel distributed architecture is appropriate. The present claim is in line with researchers like Paul Smolensky and Peter Gärdenfors and suggests that this controversy can be resolved by a unified theory of cognition – one that integrates both aspects of cognition and assigns the proper roles to symbolic computation and numerical neural computation. The overall goal in this contribution is to discuss formal systems that are suitable for grounding the formal basis for such a unified theory. It is suggested that the instruments of modern logic and model theoretic semantics are appropriate for analyzing certain aspects of dynamical systems like inferring and learning in neural networks. Hence, I suggest that an active dialogue between the traditional symbolic approaches to logic, information and language and the connectionist paradigm is possible and fruitful. An essential component of this dialogue refers to Optimality Theory (OT) – taken as a theory that likewise aims to overcome the gap between symbolic and neuronal systems. In the light of the proposed logical analysis notions like recoverability and bidirection are explained, and likewise the problem of founding a strict constraint hierarchy is discussed. Moreover, a claim is made for developing an "embodied" OT closing the gap between symbolic representation and embodied cognition.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 51 (2009): Papers on pragmasemantics
Optimality-theoretic pragmatics meets experimental pragmatics
Creators: name: Blutner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2009

description: The main concern of this article is to discuss some recent findings concerning the psychological reality of optimality-theoretic pragmatics and its central part – bidirectional optimization. A present challenge is to close the gap between experimental pragmatics and neo-Gricean theories of pragmatics. I claim that OT pragmatics helps to overcome this gap, in particular in connection with the discussion of asymmetries between natural language comprehension and production. The theoretical debate will be concentrated on two different ways of interpreting bidirection: first, bidirectional optimization as a psychologically realistic online mechanism; second, bidirectional optimization as an offline phenomenon of fossilizing optimal form-meaning pairs. It will be argued that neither of these extreme views fits completely with the empirical data when taken per se.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 51 (2009): Papers on pragmasemantics
Optimality-theoretic pragmatics
Creators: name: Blutner, Reinhard
name: Zeevat, Henk
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2009

description: The article aims to give an overview about the application of Optimality Theory (OT) to the domain of pragmatics. In the introductory part we discuss different ways to view the division of labor between semantics and pragmatics. Rejecting the doctrine of literal meaning we conform to (i) semantic underdetermination and (ii) contextualism (the idea that the mechanism of pragmatic interpretation is crucial both for determining what the speaker says and what he means). Taking the assumptions (i) and (ii) as essential requisites for a natural theory of pragmatic interpretation, section 2 introduces the three main views conforming to these assumptions: Relevance theory, Levinson’s theory of presumptive meanings, and the Neo-Gricean approach. In section 3 we explain the general paradigm of OT and the idea of bidirectional optimization. We show how the idea of optimal interpretation can be used to restructure the core ideas of these three different approaches. Further, we argue that bidirectional OT has the potential to account both for the synchronic and the diachronic perspective on pragmatic interpretation. Section 4 lists relevant examples of using the framework of bidirectional optimization in the domain of pragmatics. Section 5 provides some general conclusions. Modeling both for the synchronic and the diachronic perspective on pragmatics opens the way for a deeper understanding of the idea of naturalization and (cultural) embodiment in the context of natural language interpretation.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 51 (2009): Papers on pragmasemantics
Universality in QCD and Halo Nuclei
Creators: name: Hammer, H. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective Field Theory (EFT) provides a powerful framework to exploit a separation of scales in order to perform systematically improvable, model-independent calculations. We apply this method to strongly interacting quantum systems with short-range interactions and large scattering length. Such systems display remarkable universal properties which include a geometric spectrum of shallow three-body states called "Efimov states" and log-periodic dependence of scattering observables on the scattering length. We review the EFT for large scattering length and some of its applications in the physics of cold atoms and nuclear physics. In particular, we discuss the possibility of an infrared limit cycle in QCD and the extension of the EFT to halo nuclei.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, talk at Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum, September 1-6, 2008, Mainz, Germany
On the Zero-Bias Anomaly in Quantum Wires
Creators: name: Sarkozy, S.
name: Sfigakis, F.
name: Gupta, K. Das
name: Farrer, I.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Jones, G. A. C.
name: Pepper, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Undoped GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures have been used to fabricate quantum wires in which the average impurity separation is greater than the device size. We compare the behavior of the Zero-Bias Anomaly against predictions from Kondo and spin polarization models. Both theories display shortcomings, the most dramatic of which are the linear electron-density dependence of the Zero-Bias Anomaly spin-splitting at fixed magnetic field B and the suppression of the Zeeman effect at pinch-off.
title: Fournier’s Gangrene in a Pregnant Woman with Genital Herpes: A case report
Creators: name: Ng, Jun Jiet
Publisher: name: PIMDEE Co., Ltd.
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fournier’s gangrene
genital herpes
pregnancy
vaginal stenosis
colostomy
sexual dysfunction
hematocolpos
hematometra

description: Thai Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 32, 6, 495-499
Revision of model parameters for kappa-type charge transfer salts: an ab initio study
Creators: name: Kandpal, Hem C.
name: Opahle, Ingo
name: Zhang, Yu-Zhong
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: Valenti, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intense experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that the anisotropic triangular lattice as realized in the kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2X family of organic charge transfer (CT) salts yields a complex phase diagram with magnetic, superconducting, Mott insulating and even spin liquid phases. With extensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations we refresh the link between manybody theory and experiment by determining hopping parameters of the underlying Hubbard model. This leads us to revise the widely used semiempirical parameters in the direction of less frustrated, more anisotropic triangular lattices. The implications of these results on the systems' description are discussed.
description: Accepted for pupblication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Canonical path integral measures for Holst and Plebanski gravity. I. Reduced Phase Space Derivation
Creators: name: Engle, Jonathan
name: Han, Muxin
name: Thiemann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important aspect in defining a path integral quantum theory is the determination of the correct measure. For interacting theories and theories with constraints, this is non-trivial, and is normally not the heuristic "Lebesgue measure" usually used. There have been many determinations of a measure for gravity in the literature, but none for the Palatini or Holst formulations of gravity. Furthermore, the relations between different resulting measures for different formulations of gravity are usually not discussed. In this paper we use the reduced phase technique in order to derive the path-integral measure for the Palatini and Holst formulation of gravity, which is different from the Lebesgue measure up to local measure factors which depend on the spacetime volume element and spatial volume element. From this path integral for the Holst formulation of GR we can also give a new derivation of the Plebanski path integral and discover a discrepancy with the result due to Buffenoir, Henneaux, Noui and Roche (BHNR) whose origin we resolve. This paper is the first in a series that aims at better understanding the relation between canonical LQG and the spin foam approach.
description: 27 pages, minor corrections
Papers on pragmasemantics
Creators: name: Benz, Anton
name: Blutner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2009

description: Optimality theory as used in linguistics (Prince & Smolensky, 1993/2004; Smolensky & Legendre, 2006) and cognitive psychology (Gigerenzer & Selten, 2001) is a theoretical framework that aims to integrate constraint based knowledge representation systems, generative grammar, cognitive skills, and aspects of neural network processing. In the last years considerable progress was made to overcome the artificial separation between the disciplines of linguistic on the one hand which are mainly concerned with the description of natural language competences and the psychological disciplines on the other hand which are interested in real language performance. The semantics and pragmatics of natural language is a research topic that is asking for an integration of philosophical, linguistic, psycholinguistic aspects, including its neural underpinning. Especially recent work on experimental pragmatics (e.g. Noveck & Sperber, 2005; Garrett & Harnish, 2007) has shown that real progress in the area of pragmatics isn’t possible without using data from all available domains including data from language acquisition and actual language generation and comprehension performance. It is a conceivable research programme to use the optimality theoretic framework in order to realize the integration. Game theoretic pragmatics is a relatively young development in pragmatics. The idea to view communication as a strategic interaction between speaker and hearer is not new. It is already present in Grice' (1975) classical paper on conversational implicatures. What game theory offers is a mathematical framework in which strategic interaction can be precisely described. It is a leading paradigm in economics as witnessed by a series of Nobel prizes in the field. It is also of growing importance to other disciplines of the social sciences. In linguistics, its main applications have been so far pragmatics and theoretical typology. For pragmatics, game theory promises a firm foundation, and a rigor which hopefully will allow studying pragmatic phenomena with the same precision as that achieved in formal semantics. The development of game theoretic pragmatics is closely connected to the development of bidirectional optimality theory (Blutner, 2000). It can be easily seen that the game theoretic notion of a Nash equilibrium and the optimality theoretic notion of a strongly optimal form-meaning pair are closely related to each other. The main impulse that bidirectional optimality theory gave to research on game theoretic pragmatics stemmed from serious empirical problems that resulted from interpreting the principle of weak optimality as a synchronic interpretation principle. In this volume, we have collected papers that are concerned with several aspects of game and optimality theoretic approaches to pragmatics.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 51 (2009): Papers on pragmasemantics
Akustische Analysen zur koartikulatorischen Beeinflussung des frikativischen Teils stimmloser Plosive im Deutschen und im Bulgarischen
Creators: name: Velkov, Hristo
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der phonetischen Motivation phonologischer Palatalisierungsprozesse, bei welchen Vorderzungenvokoide die Palatalisierung (bzw. Affrizierung) vorangehender Plosive bewirken. Durch akustische Analysen zu deutschen und bulgarischen stimmlosen alveolaren und velaren Verschlußlauten wird der Einfluß nachfolgender vorderer Vokoide und des tiefen Vokals /a/ auf die geräuschähnliche Phase nach der plosiven Verschlußlösung der Konsonanten untersucht. Zum Zwecke der Überprüfung einer nach universellen phonologischen Prinzipien formulierten Hierarchie der wahrscheinlichen Inputkandidaten für Palatalisierungen werden akustische Messungen zur Zeitdauer und zu den spektralen Eigenschaften des konsonantischen Segments in wortinitialen Konsonant-Vokoid-Sequenzen vorgestellt. Die Ergebnisse der Studie unterstützen nur teilweise die vorgeschlagene Hierarchiehypothese und zeigen, daß sprachspezifische Besonderheiten einen Einfluß auf die Anordnung der Elemente der Hierarchie ausüben.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 50 (2008): Akustische Analysen zur koartikulatorischen Beeinflussung des frikativischen Teils stimmloser Plosive im Deutschen und im Bulgarischen
Interferometers as Probes of Planckian Quantum Geometry
Creators: name: Hogan, Craig J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of position of massive bodies is proposed that results in an observable quantum behavior of geometry at the Planck scale, $t_P$. Departures from classical world lines in flat spacetime are described by Planckian noncommuting operators for position in different directions, as defined by interactions with null waves. The resulting evolution of position wavefunctions in two dimensions displays a new kind of directionally-coherent quantum noise of transverse position. The amplitude of the effect in physical units is predicted with no parameters, by equating the number of degrees of freedom of position wavefunctions on a 2D spacelike surface with the entropy density of a black hole event horizon of the same area. In a region of size $L$, the effect resembles spatially and directionally coherent random transverse shear deformations on timescale $\approx L/c$ with typical amplitude $\approx \sqrt{ct_PL}$. This quantum-geometrical "holographic noise" in position is not describable as fluctuations of a quantized metric, or as any kind of fluctuation, dispersion or propagation effect in quantum fields. In a Michelson interferometer the effect appears as noise that resembles a random Planckian walk of the beamsplitter for durations up to the light crossing time. Signal spectra and correlation functions in interferometers are derived, and predicted to be comparable with the sensitivities of current and planned experiments. It is proposed that nearly co-located Michelson interferometers of laboratory scale, cross-correlated at high frequency, can test the Planckian noise prediction with current technology.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, Latex. To appear in Physical Review D
Focus and phrasing in Shingazidja
Creators: name: Patin, Cédric
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: It has been established since Kanerva’s work that focus conditions phrasing – directly or indirectly – in several other Bantu languages, e.g. Chimwiini (Kisseberth 2007, Downing 2002, Kisseberth & Abasheikh 2004), Xhosa (Jokweni 1995, Zerbian 2004), Chitumbuka (Downing 2006, 2007), Zulu (Cheng & Downing 2006, Downing 2007), Bemba (Kula 2007), etc. In this paper, I will argue that focus also conditions phrasing in Shingazidja, a Bantu language3 spoken on Grande Comore (or Ngazidja, the largest island of the Comoros). Many works have been dedicated to the tonology of Shingazidja. The bases of the system were firstly identified by Tucker & Bryan (1970) and reanalyzed by Philippson (1988). Later, Cassimjee & Kisseberth (1989, 1992, 1993, 1998) provide a very convincing analysis of the whole system of the language, and my own research (Patin 2007a) shows a great correspondence with their results. However, little attention has been paid by these authors or others (Jouannet 1989, Rey 1990, Philippson 2005) to the phonology-pragmatics interface, especially on the relation between focus and phrasing. This paper thus proposes to explore this question. It will be claimed that focus, beside syntax, has an influence on phrasing in Shingazidja.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Laryngeal articulations of /x/ in Southern Polish
Creators: name: Nawrocki, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: The present paper offers a summary of the results of two earlier experiments (Nawrocki and Gonet 2004; Nawrocki 2004), in which acoustic properties of the voiceless velar fricative phoneme /x/ in Southern Polish were investigated. As is found in both studies (Nawrocki and Gonet 2004; Nawrocki 2004), speakers of both genders favour glottal articulation, with partial or full voicing. Word final contexts are decisively in favour of [x]. The word initial, prevocalic positions seem to allow quite a number of allophonic variants of /x/ . These are: [x], [ɦ], [ç] and, additionally, the voiceless glottal, the pharyngeal or the epiglottal [h]/[ħ]/[ʜ]. Another factor taken into account is the coarticulation effect of the vocalic context on the choice of articulation. Based on the results of the experiments, a reformulated allophonic composition is proposed for Polish /x/. It makes room for previously unconsidered pharyngeal and glottal allophones. In order to inspect the acoustic properties of the allophones of Polish /x/ further, their static and dynamic spectral features are compared to those of phonetically similar sounds in other languages where they have the status of independent phonemes. Special attention is paid to the distribution of spectral peaks and their intensity. The fact that in Polish there are no 'back' fricative phonemes that would contrast with /x/ creates a wide range of acceptable allophonic articulations that cannot be challenged from either articulatory or perceptual points of view.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Effects of colored noise in short overdamped Josephson junction
Creators: name: Augello, G.
name: Valenti, D.
name: Spagnolo, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transient dynamics of a short overdamped Josephson junction with a periodic driving signal in the presence of colored noise. We analyze noise induced henomena, specifically resonant activation and noise enhanced stability. We find that the positions both of the minimum of RA and maximum of NES depend on the value of the noise correlation time tau_c. Moreover, in the range where RA is observed, we find a non-monotonic behavior of the mean switching time as a function of the correlation time tau_c.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Steve Turing: Minecraft es Turing completo
Creators: name: Rodriguez Aponte, Omar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Una máquina es Turing completa si tiene el poder de cómputo de una máquina de Turing universal.  En este trabajo se busca probar que Minecraft, el videojuego de construcción sueco, es una máquina Turing completa.  Para la prueba de este tipo de resultados se debe construir una máquina universal dentro del mismo sistema, en este caso el juego.  Sin embargo, esto haría muy lenta la máquina, así que optamos por profundizar en el concepto de completez de una máquina de Turing y logramos probar nuestro resultado generando compuertas lógicas dentro de Minecraft que permiten concluir que el sistema es capaz de ejecutar cualquier algoritmo.
Experimental investigation of crack tip constraint effects on fracture assessment of API 5L X65 steel grade for low-temperature applications (-120°C)
Creators: name: SUKPE, PAUL
name: Hughes, Kevin
name: Kulka, Rob
name: Vignjevic, Rade
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401706
subject: Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation

description: Crack tip constraint is a significant issue in engineering components' design and repair decisions. The main reason is that fracture assessment procedures, such as BS 7910, rely on lower-bound fracture toughness test data from deeply cracked bend specimens. This can generate stress states under various loading conditions with an appropriate crack tip stress triaxiality for metallic structures. Many real components (e.g., oil and gas pipelines) have small in-plane (shallow cracks) and out-of-plane (thin-wall thickness) dimensions that can cause a reduction in crack tip constraint to a considerable amount, thereby increasing the fracture toughness. As such, the structural assessment of low-constraint structural components using fracture toughness data obtained from deeply notched specimens may be safe but overly conservative, resulting in unnecessary repair shutdowns and costs. Consequently, relating fracture toughness values determined from laboratory specimens to real structural components becomes an issue in structural integrity assessments based on the two-parameter fracture mechanics (TPFM) methodology.This study investigates the applicability of the constraint-based failure assessment diagram (FAD) approach for the evaluation of cracked pin-loaded single-edge notched tension (SENT) and three-point single-edge notched bend (SENB) specimens at low (-120℃) and room temperatures. The analyses reveal that the experimentally measured toughness values, depend on the crack sizes for the considered specimen geometries (a/W=0.1, 0.3, 0.5). The results show the benefits of using constraint-modified FAD approach for the assessment of shallow cracks. Therefore, the enhanced toughness associated with constraint reduction indicated an increased margin and allows realistic design and repair decision-making that can help prevent catastrophic failure.
representation of turbulent sounds in German: a government approach
Creators: name: Bloch-Rozmej, Anna
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: The unfolding discussion will focus on the internal representation of turbulent sounds in the phonology of German as well as pinpoint the special status of the prime defining the quality of turbulence. It will also be argued that this prime is capable of entering into special types of licensing relations, which results in specific phonetic manifestations of forms. We shall compare the effects of two processes attested in German: consonant degemination and spirantisation with a view to revealing the role of the turbulence-defining element in the two operations. Furthermore, our attention will be focused on the workings of the Obligatory Contour Principle which, as will be shown below, exerts decisive impact on prime interplay and consequently the phonetic realization of sounds and words. We shall see that segmental identity is contingent on the languagespecific interpretation of inter-element bonds. Aware of the importance of prime autonomy in determining the manifestation of sounds, let us start with a brief outline of the fundamental segment structure principles offered by the theory of Phonological Government.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
"Neither from nor towards; at the still point, there the dance is" Recensione alla mostra di Bill Viola "Rinascimento elettronico" (dal 10 marzo al 23 luglio 2017, Palazzo Strozzi, Firenze 2017)
Creators: name: Centanni, Monica; Fressola, Anna; Ghiraldini; Pedersoli, Alessandra
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017
Subjects: Exhibition
Viola
Review
Contemporary art

description: Focus on "Rinascimento elettronico" – exhibition displayed in Palazzo Strozzi, Firenze (May/July 2017). Bill Viola uses videos to explore the phenomena of sense perception as paths to self-acknowledgement. His works target universal human experiences—birth, death, and the unfolding of consciousness—and have roots in both Eastern and Western art, as well as spiritual traditions, including Zen Buddhism, Islamic Sufism, and Christian mysticism. Using the inner language of subjective thoughts and collective memories, his videos communicate to a wide audience, allowing viewers to experience the work directly, and in their own personal way.
How do voiced retroflex stops evolve? Evidence from typology and an articulatory study
Creators: name: Hamann, Silke
name: Fuchs, Susanne
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: The present article illustrates that the specific articulatory and aerodynamic requirements for voiced but not voiceless alveolar or dental stops can cause tongue tip retraction and tongue mid lowering and thus retroflexion of front coronals. This retroflexion is shown to have occurred diachronically in the three typologically unrelated languages Dhao (Malayo-Polynesian), Thulung (Sino-Tibetan), and Afar (East-Cushitic). In addition to the diachronic cases, we provide synchronic data for retroflexion from an articulatory study with four speakers of German, a language usually described as having alveolar stops. With these combined data we supply evidence that voiced retroflex stops (as the only retroflex segments in a language) did not necessarily emerge from implosives, as argued by Haudricourt (1950), Greenberg (1970), Bhat (1973), and Ohala (1983). Instead, we propose that the voiced front coronal plosive /d/ is generally articulated in a way that favours retroflexion, that is, with a smaller and more retracted place of articulation and a lower tongue and jaw position than /t/.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Nilpotent operators and weighted projective lines
Creators: name: Kussin, Dirk
name: Lenzing, Helmut
name: Meltzer, Hagen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G60, 18E30, 14J17 (Primary) 16G70, 47A15 (Secondary)

description: We show a surprising link between singularity theory and the invariant subspace problem of nilpotent operators as recently studied by C. M. Ringel and M. Schmidmeier, a problem with a longstanding history going back to G. Birkhoff. The link is established via weighted projective lines and (stable) categories of vector bundles on those. The setup yields a new approach to attack the subspace problem. In particular, we deduce the main results of Ringel and Schmidmeier for nilpotency degree p from properties of the category of vector bundles on the weighted projective line of weight type (2,3,p), obtained by Serre construction from the triangle singularity x^2+y^3+z^p. For p=6 the Ringel-Schmidmeier classification is thus covered by the classification of vector bundles for tubular type (2,3,6), and then is closely related to Atiyah's classification of vector bundles on a smooth elliptic curve. Returning to the general case, we establish that the stable categories associated to vector bundles or invariant subspaces of nilpotent operators may be naturally identified as triangulated categories. They satisfy Serre duality and also have tilting objects whose endomorphism rings play a role in singularity theory. In fact, we thus obtain a whole sequence of triangulated (fractional) Calabi-Yau categories, indexed by p, which naturally form an ADE-chain.
description: More details added. 33 pages
Blending in heterosyllabic consonant clusters in three Catalan dialects
Creators: name: Recasens, Daniel
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: This study is an electropalatographic investigation of clusters composed of /n/ or /l/ followed by the (alveolo)palatal consonants /ʎ, ɲ/ or by dental /t/ in three Catalan dialects, i.e., Majorcan, Valencian and Eastern. Data show that articulatory blending through superposition occurs in the palatalizing environment except when C1 is highly constrained (e.g., dark /l/) or C2 is purely palatal and therefore, produced at a distant articulatory location from C1. Contrary to previous descriptions in the literature, data for /nt, lt/ reveal that blending through superposition rather than assimilation is at work. The implications of these data for theories of speech production are discussed.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Prosodic correlates of subclausal quotation marks
Creators: name: Kasimir, Elke
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: We present the results of an experimental study which targets prosodic correlates of subclausal quotation marks. We found that written sentences containing passages enclosed by quotation marks were read aloud in a manner that significantly differs in prosody from spoken realizations of corresponding disquoted counterparts. However, we also observed that such prosodic marking of subclausal quotation wasn't strong enough to survive subsequent back-translation into written language: there was no correlation between the presence/absence of quotation marks in the original written examples, and the presence/absence of quotation marks in corresponding back-translations from oral renditions. We investigated three different kinds of uses of quotation marks and found no systematic difference between them with respect to prosodic marking.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
On the avoidance of voiced sibilant affricates
Creators: name: Żygis, Marzena
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: In this paper it is argued that several typologically unrelated languages share the tendency to avoid voiced sibilant affricates. This tendency is explained by appealing to the phonetic properties of the sounds, and in particular to their aerodynamic characteristics. On the basis of experimental evidence it is shown that conflicting air pressure requirements for maintaining voicing and frication are responsible for the avoidance of voiced affricates. In particular, the air pressure released from the stop phase of the affricate is too high to maintain voicing which in consequence leads to a devoicing of the frication part.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Infinitely many conservation laws for the discrete KdV equation
Creators: name: Rasin, Alexander G.
name: Schiff, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In \cite{RH3} Rasin and Hydon suggested a way to construct an infinite number of conservation laws for the discrete KdV equation (dKdV), by repeated application of a certain symmetry to a known conservation law. It was not decided, however, whether the resulting conservation laws were distinct and nontrivial. In this paper we obtain the following results: (1) We give an alternative method to construct an infinite number of conservation laws using a discrete version of the Gardner transformation. (2) We give a direct proof that the Rasin-Hydon conservation laws are indeed distinct and nontrivial. (3) We consider a continuum limit in which the dKdV equation becomes a first-order eikonal equation. In this limit the two sets of conservation laws become the same, and are evidently distinct and nontrivial. This proves the nontriviality of the conservation laws constructed by the Gardner method, and gives an alternate proof of the nontriviality of the conservation laws constructed by the Rasin-Hydon method.
Beyond childhood cancer: Bringing primary carers into focus
Creators: name: Cox, TD
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sociology not elsewhere classified

description: Childhood cancer is no longer a universally fatal disease. Four out of five children diagnosed with cancer will now survive the disease due to advances in paediatric oncology in recent decades. Much social science research has focused on children and primary carers dealing with childhood cancer through the acute stages of diagnosis and treatment. Emerging data has also examined the long term health and social implications of children and young adult survivors of childhood cancer. However, primary carers of children whose cancer has abated have not been a focus of research attention. In this sociological thesis I investigate the everyday lived experiences of primary carers of children who have survived cancer in an Australian context. I look beyond the medical success story and beyond the back to normal after cancer‟ rhetoric by regarding childhood cancer as a significant disruption in carers‟ lives. I paid particular attention to the ways in which carers constructed meaning and responded in the cancer aftermath by drawing on the symbolic interactionism perspective and a constructionist version of grounded theory. Qualitative data from 38 primary carers was conceptualised to represent a new normal. The findings illustrated how pre-cancer identities and taken-for-granted assumptions and expectations are no longer tenable. Carers responded by constructing a new sense of normality, characterised by insidious cancer memories and the knowledge that they had lost control of their child‟s life and well-being. With the abatement of cancer the carers gave new meanings to define their self and situation, and with particular front stages and back stages of interaction according to their insider or outsider audiences. They also developed new understandings of being a carer of a child in remission; by weaving together new meanings of hope and uncertainty with strategies of emphasising everyday life to mitigate the impact of cancer in their lives. The extent of child morbidities deriving from cancer treatment is the most pertinent constraint in shaping everyday life after cancer rather than cancer per se. By examining childhood cancer and its survival from the participants‟ perspectives, the thesis offers understandings of health and illness as an ongoing social process that sits between the binaries of acute and chronic illness, cancer and survivorship and children and primary care. The findings offer ways to enhance current and future families impacted by childhood cancer, with policy direction to inform health and allied health professionals and cancer support services.
Symmetries of noncommutative scalar field theory
Creators: name: de Goursac, Axel
name: Wallet, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T75, 81T15

description: We investigate symmetries of the scalar field theory with harmonic term on the Moyal space with euclidean scalar product and general symplectic form. The classical action is invariant under the orthogonal group if this group acts also on the symplectic structure. We find that the invariance under the orthogonal group can be restored also at the quantum level by restricting the symplectic structures to a particular orbit.
description: 12 pages, revised version
Approximate Solution of the effective mass Klein-Gordon Equation for the Hulthen Potential with any Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Arda, Altug
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial part of the effective mass Klein-Gordon equation for the Hulthen potential is solved by making an approximation to the centrifugal potential. The Nikiforov-Uvarov method is used in the calculations. Energy spectra and the corresponding eigenfunctions are computed. Results are also given for the case of constant mass.
description: 12 pages
Focus and prominence in Chichewa, Chitumbuka and Durban Zulu
Creators: name: Downing, Laura J.
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: Much work on the interaction of prosody and focus assumes that, crosslinguistically, there is a necessary correlation between the position of main sentence stress (or accent) and focus, and that an intonational pitch change on the focused element is a primary correlate of focus. In this paper, I discuss primary data from three Bantu languages – Chichewa, Durban Zulu and Chitumbuka – and show that in all three languages phonological re-phrasing, not stress, is the main prosodic correlate of focus and that lengthening, not pitch movement, is the main prosodic correlate of phrasing. This result is of interest for the typology of intonation in illustrating languages where intonation has limited use and where, notably, intonation does not highlight focused information in the way we might expect from European stress languages.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Single-particle-sensitive imaging of freely propagating ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Bücker, R.
name: Perrin, A.
name: Manz, S.
name: Betz, T.
name: Koller, Ch.
name: Plisson, T.
name: Rottmann, J.
name: Schumm, T.
name: Schmiedmayer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel imaging system for ultracold quantum gases in expansion. After release from a confining potential, atoms fall through a sheet of resonant excitation laser light and the emitted fluorescence photons are imaged onto an amplified CCD camera using a high numerical aperture optical system. The imaging system reaches an extraordinary dynamic range, not attainable with conventional absorption imaging. We demonstrate single-atom detection for dilute atomic clouds with high efficiency where at the same time dense Bose-Einstein condensates can be imaged without saturation or distortion. The spatial resolution can reach the sampling limit as given by the 8 μm pixel size in object space. Pulsed operation of the detector allows for slice images, a first step toward a 3D tomography of the measured object. The scheme can easily be implemented for any atomic species and all optical components are situated outside the vacuum system. As a first application we perform thermometry on rubidium Bose-Einstein condensates created on an atom chip.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures. v2: as published
Fusion Rings of Loop Group Representations
Creators: name: Douglas, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R10, 17B67, 22E67 (Primary), 19L47 (Secondary)

description: We compute the fusion rings of positive energy representations of the loop groups of the simple, simply connected Lie groups.
The dynamics of size-structured ecosystems
Creators: name: Blanchard, Julia
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)

description: Understanding the function of ecosystems and their response to human and environmental impacts is necessary for improved management of the aquatic environment. Size-based predation and the very wide scope for growth in many aquatic species are fundamental processes that define the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. In this thesis, I focus on marine ecosystems, where widespread over-fishing has led to profound changes in size-structure resulting from the removal of large predatory fish. The relative importance of natural processes, environmental effects, and exploitation on size-structure are often difficult to quantify. Here, fishing effects are shown to have more influence than sea temperature on the observed temporal changes in fish community size-structure, using the Celtic Sea as an example. Distinct trophic interactions can also lead to different patterns in community sizestructure, even in the absence of exploitation. I show that different patterns in the relationship between abundance and body-mass of individual organisms, sampled in the North Sea, emerge from communities that are dominated by predators as opposed to organisms competing for a shared resource. This finding is validated with a dynamic size-spectrum model that accounts for trophic interactions within and across the two distinct size-structured communities. The degree of coupling between the two communities alters its response to human induced perturbations and overall ecosystem stability. Furthermore, a large difference between the sizes of predators and their preferred prey is destabilising and produces oscillations in size-spectra models. Empirical evidence for a relationship between the observed temporal variability of 26 fish populations and their respective mean predator-prey mass ratios is consistent with the theoretical findings reported here. Identifying these and further mechanisms that control natural variability of populations and communities will help to inform natural resource managers of the necessary levels of precaution required to support an ecosystem-based approach.
Additional file 1 of A prospective, randomized study of Toremifene vs. tamoxifen for the treatment of premenopausal breast cancer: safety and genital symptom analysis
Creators: name: Hong, Jin
name: Huang, Jiahui
name: Shen, Lili
name: Zhu, Siji
name: Gao, Weiqi
name: Wu, Jiayi
name: Huang, Ou
name: He, Jianrong
name: Zhu, Li
name: Chen, Weiguo
name: Li, Yafen
name: Chen, Xiaosong
name: Shen, Kunwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Mean values of FSH, LH and E2 in two groups at each follow-up.
Rate effects on aerodynamics of intervocalic stops: evidence from real speech data and model data
Creators: name: Brutel-Vuilmet, Claire
name: Fuchs, Susanne
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2008

description: This paper is a first attempt towards a better understanding of the aerodynamic properties during speech production and their potential control. In recent years, studies on intraoral pressure in speech have been rather rare, and more studies concern the air flow development. However, the intraoral pressure is a crucial factor for analysing the production of various sounds. In this paper, we focus on the intraoral pressure development during the production of intervocalic stops. Two experimental methodologies are presented and confronted with each other: real speech data recorded for four German native speakers, and model data, obtained by a mechanical replica which allows reproducing the main physical mechanisms occurring during phonation. The two methods are presented and applied to a study on the influence of speech rate on aerodynamic properties.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 49 (2008): Papers in phonetics and phonology
Dynamical modelling of superstatistical complex systems
Creators: name: Van der Straeten, Erik
name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to construct the optimum superstatistical dynamical model for a given experimentally measured time series. For this purpose we generalise the superstatistics concept and study a Langevin equation with a memory kernel whose parameters fluctuate on a large time scale. It is shown how to construct a synthetic dynamical model with the same invariant density and correlation function as the experimental data. As a main example we apply our method to velocity time series measured in high-Reynolds number turbulent Taylor-Couette flow, but the method can be applied to many other complex systems in a similar way.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures