cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exciton dynamics in atomically thin MoS2: inter-excitonic interaction and broadening kinetics
Creators: name: Sim, Sangwan
name: Park, Jusang
name: Song, Jeong-Gyu
name: In, Chihun
name: Lee, Yun-Shik
name: Kim, Hyungjun
name: Choi, Hyunyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy examining exciton dynamics in atomically thin MoS2. Spectrally- and temporally-resolved measurements are performed to investigate the interaction dynamics of two important direct-gap excitons (A and B) and their associated broadening kinetics. The two excitons show strongly correlated inter-excitonic dynamic, in which the transient blue-shifted excitonic absorption originates from the internal A-B excitonic interaction. The observed complex spectral response is determined by the exciton collision-induced linewidth broadening; the broadening of the B exciton linewidth in turn lowers the peak spectral amplitude of the A exciton. Resonant excitation at the B exciton energy reveals that inter-excitonic scattering plays a more important role in determining the broadening kinetics than free-carrier scattering.
Study of gamma ray response of R404A superheated droplet detector using a two-state model
Creators: name: Mondal, P. K.
name: Chatterjee, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superheated droplet detector (SDD) is known to be gamma insensitive below a threshold temperature which made them excellent candidates for neutron detection in the presence of gamma rays. Above the threshold temperature, the gamma ray detection efficiency increases with increase in temperature. In this work the gamma ray threshold temperature has been studied for SDD using R404A as the active liquid and is compared to the theoretical prediction. The temperature variation of gamma ray detection efficiency and interstate transition kinetics has also been studied using a two-state model. The experiments are performed at the ambient pressure of 1 atmosphere and in the temperature range of 17-32oC using a 662 keV 137Cs gamma ray source.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
Institutionalization and Sustainability of the National Science Foundation's Advanced Technological Education Program
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Matsuzuka, Yukari
name: Jacobs, James
name: Morest, Vanessa Smith
name: Hughes, Katherine Lee
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This three-year study closely examined six ATE projects and four national centers. The analysis was specifically concerned with the ability of the ATE projects and centers to meet the program's goal of having a significant and permanent influence on the host colleges and on the system of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education (STEM) in general. Thus, the report discusses (1) the institutionalization of the projects and centers—the extent to which their activities are becoming incorporated into the normal, ongoing activities of the host community colleges; and (2) their sustainability—the extent to which the major activities of the ATE program continue after the NSF grant expires. The report concludes that the ATE program has an impressive record of accomplishment, particularly in the influence it has had on curriculum and professional development, and on bringing together community colleges, universities, high schools, businesses, and other groups in a unique initiative to improve the education of our nation's STEM technicians.
A Representation-Theoretic Approach to $qq$-Characters
Creators: name: Liu, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B37 (Primary) 17B67, 14N35 (Secondary)

description: We raise the question of whether (a slightly generalized notion of) $qq$-characters can be constructed purely representation-theoretically. In the main example of the quantum toroidal $\mathfrak{gl}_1$ algebra, geometric engineering of adjoint matter produces an explicit vertex operator $\mathsf{RR}$ which computes certain $qq$-characters, namely Hirzebruch $χ_y$-genera, completely analogously to how the R-matrix $\mathsf{R}$ computes $q$-characters. We give a geometric proof of the independence of preferred direction for the refined vertex in this and more general non-toric settings.
Dorcus parallelepipedus
Creators: name: Allegue, Luis Pablo Torrella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Lucanidae
Dorcus
Dorcus parallelepipedus

description: Dorcus parallelepipedus (Linnaeus, 1758)   1 ejemplar. Los restos de este ejemplar se encuentran depositados en la colección particular del autor.
 Asimismo, destacamos que la presencia de L. cervus en esta masa de caducifolio implicaría la revisión de la categoría de protección del lugar, ya que este coleóptero es una de las pocas especies ibéricas cuyo status de conservación se encuentra recogido en las siguientes legislaciones (Galante & Verdú, 2000):
 x Convenio de BernA (Anexo III): “Especie protegidA”.
 x DirectivA HábitAt (Anexo II): “Especie de interés comunitArio pArA cuYA conservAción es necesArio designAr zonAs especiALes de conservAción”.
 x Catálogo Nacional de Especies AmenazAdAs (LeY 4/89): “Especie de interés especiAL”.
description: Published as part of Allegue, Luis Pablo Torrella, 2009, Nuevos registros de lucánidos (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) para la comarca de Ferrol (A Coruña, Galicia, NO Península Ibérica) y un apunte sobre el status de conservación de Lucanus cervus (Linnaeus, 1758)., pp. 31-32 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 2 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12644881
One Step Closer to Gattaca?
Creators: name: Foe, Gabriella
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2013

description: What if you could know the complete genetic make-up of your child before he or she is born? With the ability to sequence prenatal DNA, this is no longer a “what if” question. In the M.I.T Technology Review, Antonio Regalado reported that “sequencing the DNA in the blood of a pregnant woman could reveal the full genetic code of the fetus.” But this innovation poses some ethical concerns. Does our genetic make-up define us? There is risk of discrimination towards the fetus. This latest technology will shed light on whether the infant will be born with birth defects or other disabilities, be at risk of certain diseases later in life, and have certain physical characteristics. Regalado reports that at present, about 65% of US women choose abortion after finding out that their child will be born with Down Syndrome. It is possible that the availability of this service will cause some form of eugenics, where a woman will carry her baby to term only if the baby has desirable characteristics. What criteria would a baby have to fulfill in order to be accepted into our society? The thought that we would stifle any child’s potential to do great self and social good simply because of his or her genetic make-up is frightening. This is true especially when we consider how many diseases are determined by factors other than our genes, or how many come into effect later in life, after humans are known to be “most productive” and contribute to society. Another question to consider is whether we adequately understand the information from our genes. Parts of our genes are known to have direct link to genetic disorders, others are still being debated. Some diseases are actionable, others are not. Depending on what diseases would be revealed after screening, families might incur additional unforeseen burdens. Is there a benefit of sequencing prenatal DNA from the fetus’ point of view? Regaldo argues that “while adults can decide whether to undergo genome sequencing, an unborn child can’t consent to knowing its genes”, and the consequence of this procedure could adversely affect the child’s entire life. Common congenital diseases (such as cystic fibrosis and beta-thalassemia) are caused when a child inherits two defective versions of a gene, one from each parent. In cases like this, it would be better if both parental DNA were sequenced to determine the probability of the disease affecting the child. The burden of dealing with that probability should be something parents are willing to take when having a child, but, at times, this does not seem to be the case. The issue at hand seems to be the amount of control parents should have over the genetic outcome of their children. Is this similar to our attitudes toward ordering a certain marketing product, expecting it to come in perfect condition and working order? Related Article: “Prenatal DNA Sequencing” by Antonio Regalado April 23, 2013. M.I.T. Technology Review. http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/513691/prenatal-dna-sequencing/
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2013)
Eigenvalue statistics as indicator of integrability of non-equilibrium density operators
Creators: name: Prosen, Tomaz
name: Znidaric, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to quantify the complexity of non-equilibrium steady state density operators, as well as of long-lived Liouvillian decay modes, in terms of level spacing distribution of their spectra. Based on extensive numerical studies in a variety of models, some solvable and some unsolved, we conjecture that integrability of density operators (e.g., existence of an algebraic procedure for their construction in finitely many steps) is signaled by a Poissonian level statistics, whereas in the generic non-integrable cases one finds level statistics of a Gaussian unitary ensemble of random matrices. Eigenvalue statistics can therefore be used as an efficient tool to identify integrable quantum non-equilibrium systems.
description: 4+eps pages in RevTeX, with 5 eps-figures
Improving anatomical plausibility in medical image segmentation via hybrid graph neural networks: applications to chest x-ray analysis
Creators: name: Gaggion, Nicolás
name: Mansilla, Lucas
name: Mosquera, Candelaria
name: Milone, Diego H.
name: Ferrante, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anatomical segmentation is a fundamental task in medical image computing, generally tackled with fully convolutional neural networks which produce dense segmentation masks. These models are often trained with loss functions such as cross-entropy or Dice, which assume pixels to be independent of each other, thus ignoring topological errors and anatomical inconsistencies. We address this limitation by moving from pixel-level to graph representations, which allow to naturally incorporate anatomical constraints by construction. To this end, we introduce HybridGNet, an encoder-decoder neural architecture that leverages standard convolutions for image feature encoding and graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) to decode plausible representations of anatomical structures. We also propose a novel image-to-graph skip connection layer which allows localized features to flow from standard convolutional blocks to GCNN blocks, and show that it improves segmentation accuracy. The proposed architecture is extensively evaluated in a variety of domain shift and image occlusion scenarios, and audited considering different types of demographic domain shift. Our comprehensive experimental setup compares HybridGNet with other landmark and pixel-based models for anatomical segmentation in chest x-ray images, and shows that it produces anatomically plausible results in challenging scenarios where other models tend to fail.
description: Source code at https://github.com/ngaggion/HybridGNet Accepted for publication at IEEE TMI
Celebrating the Very Special Arts of New York City Public School Students
Creators: name: Anekwe, Obiora
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2013

description: The Very Special Arts (VSA), New York City public schools in District 75 and Marquis Studios celebrated the Mural and Calendar Project by presenting an exhibition of twenty-one murals by District 75 special needs students on Tuesday, October 8th from 3:30 pm to 5:00 pm, Columbia University, Kolb Annex, 40 Haven Avenue, Washington Heights, via subway: 1, A or C train to 168th Street. This year’s theme is New York City: Current and Future. Special needs students from District 75 created the murals, along with district art teachers and Marquis Studios teaching artists, which are featured in a calendar and will be on exhibit until November 8th. VSA Founder Ambassador Jean Kennedy Smith will present awards to special needs students and art teachers recognizing their work in the project. The event, featuring live music, refreshments, and a hands-on art activity for parents and children, is free and open to the general public. Ambassador Kennedy Smith, sister to John F. Kennedy, Robert F. Kennedy and Ted Kennedy, founded Very Special Arts 37 years ago as a part of the Kennedy Center’s effort to provide opportunities for children, youth, and adults living with disabilities to learn through and participate in the arts. Marquis Studios was named the new Very Special Arts New York City (VSA-NYC) program affiliate in August of 2013. The Studio is a 37-year old nonprofit organization providing arts-in-education services to New York City public schools. This year’s program will have remarks by mural and calendar project supporters: David Marquis, Executive Director, VSA-NYC and Marquis Studios; Dr. Jeffrey Lieberman, the Lawrence C. Kolb Professor and Chairman of Psychiatry at the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Dr. Robert Klitzman, Professor of Clinical Psychiatry (in Sociomedical Sciences) and Director of the Bioethics Program at Columbia University; Gary Hecht, Superintendent of Special Education, District 75, New York City; Barbara Joseph, Deputy Superintendent of Special Education, District 75, New York City; and Mrs. Lauren Michelini- Teacher, P255Q@158Q. The mural project is a model as to how art changes lives. “The student artists from Special Education District 75 schools who participated in the VSA New York City Murals Project and are represented in this exhibition are a testament to the fact that art is not a luxury. Art is central to what makes us fully human. Through art, these students have beautifully expressed their thoughts and captured the energy that is New York City,” notes Ambassador Kennedy Smith. For more information on the event or to RSVP, contact vsainfo@kennedy-center.org
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2013)
Quantum oscillations and weak anisotropic resistivity in the chiral Fermion semimetal PdGa
Creators: name: Zeng, Xiang-Yu
name: Dai, Zheng-Yi
name: Xu, Sheng
name: Zhao, Ning-Ning
name: Wang, Huan
name: Wang, Xiao-Yan
name: Lin, Jun-Fa
name: Gong, Jing
name: Ma, Xiao-Ping
name: Han, Kun
name: Wang, Yi-Ting
name: Cheng, Peng
name: Liu, Kai
name: Xia, Tian-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed analysis of the magnetotransport and de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations in crystal PdGa which is predicted to be a typical chiral Fermion semimetal from CoSi family holding a large Chern number. The unsaturated quadratic magnetoresistance (MR) and nonlinear Hall resistivity indicate that PdGa is a multi-band system without electron-hole compensation. Angle-dependent resistivity in PdGa shows weak anisotropy with twofold or threefold symmetry when the magnetic field rotates within the (1$\bar{1}$0) or (111) plane perpendicular to the current. Nine or three frequencies are extracted after the fast Fourier-transform analysis (FFT) of the dHvA oscillations with B//[001] or B//[011], respectively, which is confirmed to be consistent with the Fermi surfaces (FSs) obtained from first-principles calculations with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) considered.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
On the generation of Heronian triangles
Creators: name: Kurz, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y50, 11D09, 11Y16, 51M04, 51M25

description: We describe several algorithms for the generation of integer Heronian triangles with diameter at most $n$. Two of them have running time $\mathcal{O}\left(n^{2+\varepsilon}\right)$. We enumerate all integer Heronian triangles for $n\le 600000$ and apply the complete list on some related problems.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. http://sci-gems.math.bas.bg/jspui/handle/10525/382
Community College Low-Income and Minority Student Completion Study: Descriptive Statistics from the 1992 High School Cohort
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Leinbach, D. Timothy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This report summarizes statistics on access and attainment in higher education, focusing particularly on community college students, using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88), which follows a nationally representative sample of individuals who were eighth graders in the spring of 1988. A sample of these respondents was surveyed through four follow-ups in 1990, 1992, 1994 and 2000. The 2000 survey collected information on both education and job outcomes of respondents. The NELS:88 database includes transcripts of individuals in the sample who enrolled in any postsecondary education. NELS:88 is a survey of a sample cohort of students, most of whom graduated high school in spring 1992. This report provides a detailed statistical analysis of the cohort’s enrollment in and completion of higher education over the eight-year period from 1992 through 2000, with emphasis on the access and attainment of low-income and minority students. The majority of these students entered higher education in the 1992-93 school year or shortly thereafter. Therefore, NELS:88 represents a sample of young postsecondary students, much like the imagined “traditional” undergraduate student. Note that this is different than a true representative sample by age of undergraduate students. In community colleges especially, many students are older individuals either returning for further education or beginning their postsecondary education at a later stage in life.1 We expect this will also reduce the proportion of minority students, low-income students, and first-generation college students than would be representative among all undergraduate students. All these groups are found in larger proportions among older students. The report includes detailed charts showing rates of enrollment and completion of various outcomes (certificate, associate degree, bachelor’s degree, and transfer to baccalaureate institutions) for students by race/ethnicity, income level, and parents’ highest level of education, and by initial type of institution in which students enrolled. We highlight students who began in community colleges while comparing their enrollment and completion rates to students at other types institutions. The findings in this report should be compared to those in the companion report, What we know about community college low-income and minority student outcomes: descriptive statistics from national surveys, which provides enrollment and credential completion information for all undergraduate institutions for various years (from IPEDS) and for a representative sample of all first-time beginning postsecondary students in 1995-96 (from BPS:96/01).
Coupling the Lorentz Integral Transform (LIT) and the Coupled Cluster (CC) Methods: A way towards continuum spectra of "not-so-few-body" systems
Creators: name: Orlandini, Giuseppina
name: Bacca, Sonia
name: Barnea, Nir
name: Hagen, Gaute
name: Miorelli, Mirko
name: Papenbrock, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we summarize how the LIT and CC methods can be coupled, in order to allow for ab initio calculations of reactions in medium mass nuclei. Results on 16O are reviewed and preliminary calculations on 40Ca are presented.
description: Contribution presented at the 22nd European Conference on Few Body Problems in Physics, Krakow, Poland, 9 - 13 September 2013
Kurze Geschichte der Kolonie und protestantischen Pfarrgemeinde zu Groß-Karolinenfeld, sowie der Erbauung und Einweihung der protestantischen Kirche daselbst; 1823
Creators: name: Tretzel, Johann S.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2009

description: In Fraktur
Nonequilibrium dynamics in a spin valve with noncollinear magnetization
Creators: name: Smorka, Rudolf
name: Baláž, Pavel
name: Thoss, Michael
name: Žonda, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize a hybrid quantum-classical equation of motion approach to investigate the spin dynamics and spin-transfer torque in a spin valve under bias voltage. We show that the interplay between localized classical magnetic moments and conduction electrons induces a complex effective exchange coupling between the magnetic layers. This leads to a declination of magnetizations from layers anisotropy axes even in equilibrium. Introducing a finite bias voltage triggers spin currents and related spin-transfer torques which further tilt the magnetizations and govern the relaxation processes of the spin dynamics. Analyzing different scenarios of the applied bias voltage, we show that symmetric and asymmetric voltage drops can lead to relaxation times of the spin dynamics that differ by several orders of magnitude at comparable charge currents. In both cases we observe resonant features, where the relaxation is boosted whenever the chemical potential of the leads matches the maxima in the density of the states of the spin-valve electrons.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures
The Axis-Symmetric Ring Galaxies: AM 0053-353, AM 0147-350, AM 1133-245, AM 1413-243, AM 2302-322, ARP 318, and Head-On Penetrations
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Ting
name: Jiang, Ing-Guey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axis-symmetric ring systems can be identified from the new catalog of collisional ring galaxies in Madore et al. (2009). These are O-type-like collisional ring galaxies. Head-on collisions by dwarf galaxies moving along the symmetric axis were performed through N-body simulations to address their origins. It was found that the simulations with smaller initial relative velocities between two galaxies, or the cases with heavier dwarf galaxies, could produce rings with higher density contrasts. There are more than one generation of rings in one collision and the lifetime of any generation of rings is about one dynamical time. It was concluded that head-on penetrations could explain these O-type-like ring galaxies identified from the new catalog in Madore et al. (2009), and the simulated rings resembling the observational O-type-like collisional rings are those at the early stage of one of the ring-generations.
description: 33 pages, 15 figures, published in ApJ 2012
Preparing High School Students for College: An Exploratory Study of College Readiness Partnership Programs in Texas
Creators: name: Barnett, Elisabeth
name: Corrin, William
name: Nakanishi, Aki
name: Bork, Rachel Julia Hare
name: Mitchell, Claire
name: Sepanik, Susan
name: Wathington, Heather D.
name: Pretlow, Joshua
name: Hustedt, Beth
name: Edgecombe, Nicole Diane
name: Gardenhire, Alissa
name: Clabaugh, Nicole
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Nationwide, about 40 percent of college students take at least one remedial course to prepare for college-level coursework (Attewell, Lavin, Domina, and Levey, 2006). One cause of this high rate of remedial enrollment is the misalignment of high school graduation standards and college academic expectations (Callan, Finney, Kirst, Usdan, and Venezia, 2006; Venezia, Kirst, and Antonio, 2003). College readiness partnership programs attempt to address this problem by facilitating students’ transition to college. The current study examines 37 state and local college readiness partnership programs in Texas as well as the partnerships that created these programs. The findings are based on a review of the relevant research and Texas policy literature, analysis of an online scan of college readiness partnership programs in Texas with a web presence, and site visits to high schools, colleges, and community-based organizations in the Houston and Dallas–Fort Worth areas. We define college readiness partnership programs as programmatic interventions co-sponsored by secondary and postsecondary institutions and offered to high school students with the goal of increasing students’ college readiness.
Asymmetric double-pulse interferometric frequency-resolved optical gating for visible-wavelength time-domain spectroscopy
Creators: name: Chan, Yi
name: Deng, Fu
name: Zhang, Jingdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast science and technology have brought in burgeoning opportunities to optical metrology, strong-field physics, non-equilibrium physics, etc., through light-matter interaction due to ever-advancing temporal resolution and peak power of ultrafast laser. The superior temporal and spectral resolution, has brought forth pump-probe spectroscopy for ultrafast dynamic study of transient states in various intriguing materials, such as quantum materials, metamaterials, and plasmonic materials, by directly reporting spectroscopic complex response function, using either time- or frequency-domain- based probes. In stark contrast to its frequency-domain counterparts, e.g., FTIR and ellipsometry, time-domain spectroscopy outstands by providing not only superb spectroscopic phase sensitivity but also exceptional temporal resolution due to its pulsed nature. To extend detection range of time-domain spectroscopy into the challenging visible frequencies, we propose an interferometry-type frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG). Our numerical simulation shows, when operating in a carefully engineered double-pulse scheme, a unique phase-locking mechanism can be activated, and therefore preserves both zero- and first-order phases, that are otherwise inaccessible to standard FROG measurement. Followed by time-domain signal reconstruction and analysis protocol, we show that time-domain spectroscopy with subcycle temporal resolution is enabled and well suits the need of ultrafast-compatible and ambiguity-free method for complex dielectric function measurement at visible wavelengths.
description: 11 pages main text, 12 pages supplementary material, 7 figures
Inner Landscapes' of the Hallucinatory: Intertextuality and Rebirth in Herzog’s 'Nosferatu'
Creators: name: Chun, Jeong Yun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Motion pictures

description: If Richard Wagner begins with a hallucination of gestures, Werner Herzog begins with a hallucination of landscapes. Central to these points of departure is a certain tension between the material and immaterial, the notional and sensational, the naturally occurring and possibly inspired—polar distinctions first suggested by the term aísthēsis and all revitalized by Herzog’s own film aesthetic.2 To experience Nosferatu – Phantom der Nacht (Nosferatu the Vampyre, 1979) is to feel the seemingly incongruous sense of submersion in an illusory dream concurrent with an unbuckling awareness of the concreteness in what Kracauer calls “the objects and occurrences that comprise the flow of material life.”3 Particularly striking about Herzog’s remake of Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau’s silent film, Nosferatu – Eine Symphonie des Grauens (Nosferatu – A Symphony of Horror, 1922), is the intricate web of formal mechanisms and cross-disciplinary references enabling these polarities to charge with meaning an entrancing filmic world and its landscapes, whose grooves run trickling with water and skylines with mist. Without doubt, water would be the element permeating the cool fabric of the film; the fluidity or mutability emblematic of its very essence mirrors the liminality not only of the vampiric state—“neither dead nor living,” as the saying goes—but also the nature of the film itself as a remake whose conspicuous intertextuality seems to indicate the acuity of a visionary’s consciousness. Moreover, it marks an assured step towards a timely revalidation of the cultural inheritance of a country whose recent past evinces the shattering consequences of organized man branded by brutality and inculcated with ideology.
Universality versus nonuniversality in asymmetric fluid criticality
Creators: name: Anisimov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical phenomena in real fluids demonstrate a combination of universal features caused by the divergence of long-range fluctuations of density and nonuniversal (system-dependent) features associated with specific intermolecular interactions. Asymptotically, all fluids belong to the Ising-model class of universality. The asymptotic power laws for the thermodynamic properties are described by two independent universal critical exponents and by two independent nonuniversal critical amplitudes; other critical amplitudes can be obtained by universal relations. The nonuniversal critical parameters (critical temperature, pressure, and density) can be absorbed in the property units. Nonasymptotic critical behavior of fluids can be divided into two parts, symmetric ("Ising-like") and asymmetric ("fluid-like"). The symmetric nonasymptotic behavior contains a new universal exponent (Wegner exponent) and the system-dependent crossover scale (Ginzburg number) associated with the range of intermolecular interactions, while the asymmetric features are generally described by an additional universal exponent and by three nonasymptotic amplitudes associated with mixing of the physical fields into the scaling fields.
description: 10 pages
First Author Advantage: Citation Labeling in Research
Creators: name: Cormode, Graham
name: Muthukrishnan, S.
name: Yan, Jinyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Citations among research papers, and the networks they form, are the primary object of study in scientometrics. The act of making a citation reflects the citer's knowledge of the related literature, and of the work being cited. We aim to gain insight into this process by studying citation keys: user-chosen labels to identify a cited work. Our main observation is that the first listed author is disproportionately represented in such labels, implying a strong mental bias towards the first author.
description: Computational Scientometrics: Theory and Applications at The 22nd CIKM 2013
Low-complexity Near-optimum Symbol Detection Based on Neural Enhancement of Factor Graphs
Creators: name: Schmid, Luca
name: Schmalen, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider the application of the factor graph framework for symbol detection on linear inter-symbol interference channels. Based on the Ungerboeck observation model, a detection algorithm with appealing complexity properties can be derived. However, since the underlying factor graph contains cycles, the sum-product algorithm (SPA) yields a suboptimal algorithm. In this paper, we develop and evaluate efficient strategies to improve the performance of the factor graph-based symbol detection by means of neural enhancement. In particular, we consider neural belief propagation and generalizations of the factor nodes as an effective way to mitigate the effect of cycles within the factor graph. By applying a generic preprocessor to the channel output, we propose a simple technique to vary the underlying factor graph in every SPA iteration. Using this dynamic factor graph transition, we intend to preserve the extrinsic nature of the SPA messages which is otherwise impaired due to cycles. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can massively improve the detection performance, even approaching the maximum a posteriori performance for various transmission scenarios, while preserving a complexity which is linear in both the block length and the channel memory.
description: revised version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.03333
Using Longitudinal Data to Increase Community College Student Success: A Guide to Measuring Milestone and Momentum Point Attainment
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Leinbach, D. Timothy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Most community colleges and many state community college systems collect extensive data on individual students. Unfortunately, these data are often underutilized in efforts to improve outcomes for individual students and colleges. Community college systems and their constituent colleges have only recently come to realize the potential for using student unit record (SUR) data for more than reporting student enrollments and program graduates. By organizing these data into term-by-term student transcript records over several years and incorporating individual student demographic data, colleges and states can create a powerful resource for understanding patterns of student progression and achievement over time. Understanding how students actually progress through their college programs is essential in developing strategies and choosing appropriate interventions to improve student outcomes. The challenge is to build expertise and capacity in college and state agency research departments to transform raw SUR data into meaningful information of practical use for policymakers and practitioners. Longitudinal SUR data can be used to answer many important questions about student progression (see Jenkins and Ewell, forthcoming). This Research Tool presents a guide to using such data to measure milestone achievements and momentum point attainments of community college students. Milestones are measurable educational achievements that include both conventional terminal completions, such as earning a credential or transferring to a baccalaureate program, and intermediate outcomes, such as completing developmental education or adult basic skills requirements. Momentum points are measurable  educational attainments, such as completing a college-level math course, that are empirically correlated with the completion of a milestone. Milestone and momentum point data help to illuminate patterns of student progression and achievement. This guide is intended to help researchers in colleges and state agencies to use longitudinal SUR data to create simple and meaningful statistics on student achievement. The model presented in this guide will enable researchers to use longitudinal SUR data to identify different student groups among first-time community college students, calculate rates of attainment of milestones and momentum points for each group, and identify barriers to success for each group. The information from such an analysis can be used to identify college practices and student behaviors that are associated with successful outcomes and inform the development of policies and practices that address barriers to achievement. By continuing to track the progress of students over time, colleges and state agencies can also measure their progress in promoting student advancement and success.
Integral isoperimetric transference and dimensionless Sobolev inequalities
Creators: name: Martin, Joaquim
name: Milman, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the concept of Gaussian integral isoperimetric transference and show how it can be applied to obtain a new class of sharp Sobolev-Poincaré inequalities with constants independent of the dimension. In the special case of $L^{q}$ spaces on the unit $n-$dimensional cube our results extend the recent inequalities that were obtained in \cite{FKS} using extrapolation.
Evidence-Based Decision Making in Community Colleges: Findings from a Survey of Faculty and Administrator Data Use at Achieving the Dream Colleges
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Kerrigan, Monica Reid
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: The study reported on here, conducted by researchers from the Community College Research Center and MDRC, examines what specific data college faculty and administrators use in their jobs and the extent to which they use data analysis to design and improve the impact of programs and services. This study is based on a survey of faculty and administrators at 41 community colleges participating in Achieving the Dream: Community Colleges Count. Achieving the Dream is a major national initiative designed to improve educational outcomes for community college students, particularly students of color, low-income students, and others who face barriers to success in college. In addition to the surveys, structured telephone interviews were conducted with administrators and faculty at four of the colleges that participated in the survey, to explore in greater detail key findings from the survey.
Physician-Patient Relationship
Creators: name: Jackson, Jhia Louise
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2013

description: Hannibal. Just saying the name sends chills down the spine and piques the curiosity of the small part of you that asks “What if...” NBC’s thriller television series “Hannibal” astonished viewers worldwide with its beautiful cinematography, captivating plots, and surprisingly relatable characters. As someone who can’t watch scary movies without closing my eyes and clutching my teddy bear, I was completely hooked on the show from episode 1. NBC was able to successfully develop a show that made gore look like art and serial killers look like masters of their craft. Aside from each episode centering around a killer and their capture, the series itself focuses on the relationship between FBI special investigator Will Graham (played by Hugh Dancy) and forensic psychiatrist Dr. Hannibal Lecter (played by Mads Mikkelsen.) Graham seems to have a heightened sense of empathy, which helps him discover identifying characteristics of the serial killer by placing himself in the crime through both the victim’s and killer’s perspectives. His over-empathizing soon begins to negatively influence other areas of his life, thus leading him to seek help from a therapist. Enter Dr. Hannibal Lecter. Their physician-patient relationship becomes complicated as Graham begins to see Hannibal as a coworker, and Hannibal confesses to viewing Graham not only as his closest friend, but as the only person who can truly understand him. Hannibal transitions from being able to objectively treat Graham, to employing tactics of extreme beneficent deception, paternalism, and even experimentation. His reasoning for his unethical behavior includes professional curiosity, their friendship, and genuine care for Graham’s safety. While one hopes that physician-patient relationships today are not as twisted and complicated as the one presented in the series, Hannibal and Graham’s interactions serve as an extreme example of questions physicians may ask themselves every day. How can I objectively treat someone that I know and care for? What are the limits of human experimentation? How much does the patient need to know and when do I tell them? Season one features 13 episodes and first aired April 4, 2013. NBC has announced that season two will also feature 13 episodes and air sometime in early 2014. For more information, go to: www.nbc.com/hannibal
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2013)
Gravitizing the Quantum
Creators: name: Berglund, Per
name: Hübsch, Tristan
name: Mattingly, David
name: Minic, Djordje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new approach to the problem of quantum gravity in which the quantum mechanical structures that are traditionally fixed, such as the Fubini-Study metric in the Hilbert space of states, become dynamical and so implement the idea of gravitizing the quantum. In particular, in this formulation of quantum gravity the quantum geometry is still consistent with the principles of unitarity and also captures fundamental aspects of (quantum) gravity, such as topology change. Furthermore, we address specific ways of testing this new approach to quantum gravity by utilizing multi-path interference and optical lattice atomic clocks.
description: 10 pages, Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2022 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Informed Consent and Food Politics
Creators: name: Sexton, Patrina
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2013

description: “There is this deliberate veil that’s dropped between us and where our food is coming from. The industry doesn’t want you to know the truth about what you’re eating because if you knew, you might not want to eat it,” says narrator, Eric Schlosser, of 2008 film Food Inc.“This isn’t just about what we are eating. It’s about what we’re allowed to say, what we’re allowed to know.” While the film addresses a number of salient bioethical issues, the challenges raised in these opening lines point to an overarching domestic and global battle over what we know about the food sold, “donated,” and consumed around the world, and what rights we retain in making informed choices about those foods. Insofar as we really do not know what we consume (unless we grow and prepare those foods ourselves or entrust that process to a neighbor whose practices are well described and relied upon for safety), we don’t really offer our informed consent to consume the foods currently sold in U.S. grocery stores and around the world. This is the innovative perspective on food ethics offered by Columbia University’s School for International Public Affairs professor, Dr. Adela J. Gondek. Gondek, whose work focuses on ethics and corruption, has offered this unique model by which to assess food production as an ethical and – I add – a bioethical issue. She holds that the United States has had a long and integral history of consent as a practice critical to the democracy that governs the nation, which applies not only to political matters, but to medicine and to food. To the extent that we no longer see or participate in the picking of our fruits and vegetables, greens, sorting grains, harvesting nuts and seeds, and slaughtering and butchering animals to meet our nutritional needs, it is hard to know what actually occurs in the production of packaged goods consumed on a regular basis What’s more, the production practices, which include genetic engineering, high levels of exposure to antibiotics, and pesticide residues, appear to make food less safe and more risky. Because we do not know, it is questionable that we actually provide valid informed consent to ingest what we ingest.
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2013)
Predicting the chemical stability of monatomic chains
Creators: name: Lin, Zheng-Zhe
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model for evaluating the thermal atomic transfer rates in nanosystems [EPL 94, 40002 (2011)] was developed to predict the chemical reaction rates of nanosystems with small gas molecules. The accuracy of the model was verified by MD simulations for molecular adsorption and desorption on a monatomic chain. By the prediction, a monatomic carbon chain should survive for 120 years in the ambient of 1 atm O2 at room temperature, and it is very invulnerable to N2, H2O, NO2, CO and CO2, while a monatomic gold chain quickly ruptures in vacuum. It is worth noting that since the model can be easily applied via common ab initio calculations, it could be widely used in the prediction of chemical stability of nanosystems.
Beyond Traditional College: The Role of Community Colleges, Career and Technical Postsecondary Education in Preparing a Globally Competitive Work Force
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This essay describes the characteristics of community college students and discusses the role of the community college in increasing access to higher education by traditionally underserved students. The author describes the increasingly important contribution that community colleges can make in preparing tomorrow's workforce and suggests how those functions can be improved, focusing on practices that can improve the colleges' crucial work with students with weak academic skills and efforts to strengthen the relationship between high schools, community colleges, and universities. The author argues that although many of these reforms will be the responsibility of individual states, the federal government can also play a crucial role.
Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit: A Simulation of Tax Year, 1976
Creators: name: Carlin, Thomas A.
name: Carlin, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Earned income tax credit
subject: Federal income tax
subject: Nonmetro families
subject: Rural families
subject: Farm families

description: According to this simulation analysis of the 1976 tax year, families residing in the South would receive over 43 percent of benefits from the earned income tax credit, a refundable tax credit enacted into law as part of the Tax Reduction Act of 1975. It was assumed in the simulation that the tax credit would be in effect throughout the 1976 tax year. About 34 percent would go to families in rural areas and almost 7 percent to farm families. About 18 percent of the benefits would accrue to families with incomes under $4,000, 56 percent to families with incomes between $4,000 and $8,000, and the rest to families with incomes over $8,000.