cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A web-tool for calculating the economic performance of precision agriculture technology
Creators: name: Medici, Marco
name: Pedersen, Søren Marcus
name: Canavari, Maurizio
name: Anken, Thomas
name: Stamatelopoulos, Panagiotis
name: Tsiropoulos, Zisis
name: Zotos, Alex
name: Tohidloo, Ghasem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To develop precision agriculture (PA) to its full potential and make agriculture progress toward sustainability and resilience, appropriate criteria for the economic assessment are recognised as being one of the most significant issues requiring urgent and ongoing attention. In this work, we develop a web-tool supporting the assessment of the net economic benefits of integrating precision farming technologies in different contexts. The methodological approach of the tool is accessible to any agricultural stakeholder through a guided process that allows to evaluate and compare precision agriculture technologies with conventional systems, leading the final user to assess the financial viability and environmental impact resulting from the potential implementation of various precision agriculture technologies in his farm. The web-tool is designed to provide guidelines for farmers over their decisions to invest in selected PA technologies, by increasing the knowledge level about novel technologies characteristics and the related benefits. Possible input reduction also offers the possibility to investigate the mitigation of environmental impacts.
D. Juan de Serrallonga: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
The distribution of stellar population age in galactic bars
Creators: name: Wozniak, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analysis of stellar populations in barred galaxies have focused on the spatial distribution of stellar population ages and metallicities. However, barred galaxies are complex objects where dynamical instabilities play a leading role in shaping any spatial distribution. The age distribution of stellar populations should thus be analyzed from the two points of view of stellar population evolution and dynamical secular evolution. Chemodynamical simulations of single barred galaxies with simple but realistic star formation and feedback recipes are used to produce face-on mass-weighted maps of stellar population ages. Luminosity-weighted maps in V-band are also displayed after calibrating the simulation with mass-to-light ratios provided by a synthesis population model. It is shown that inside a stellar bar two persistent diametrically opposed regions display a mean age lower than the surrounding average. These two low-age regions are due to the accumulation of young stellar populations trapped on elliptical-like orbits along the bar, near the ultra-harmonic resonance. Age gradients along the bar major-axis are comparable to recent observations. Another low-age region is the outer ring located near the Outer Lindblad Resonance, but the presence and strength of this structure is very time-dependent.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters, 4 pages, 4 figures. Fig.3 is available at full resolution at: http://cral.univ-lyon1.fr/herve.wozniak/Articles/age_bar_6.eps.gz
Concurrence of ferroelectric, dielectric and magnetic behaviour in Tb2Ti2O7 pyrochlore
Creators: name: Kumar, B. Santhosh
name: Perumal, Rajesh Narayana
name: Venkateswaran, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the ferroelectric property in Tb2Ti2O7 pyrochlore, prepared by a two-step solid-state reaction method. A concave P-E (polarisation vs electric field) loop observed from 382 K confirms ferroelectricity, below which the loop remains as pointed or banana-shaped. Dielectric plots clearly show an anomaly at 383 K and the magnetic data reveals a deviation from 380 K supporting the observed ferroelectric ordering. The origin of ferroelectricity in Tb2Ti2O7 is discussed which is due to the structural distortion in TiO6 octahedron.
description: 9 Pages, 4 figures
Impact of strong magnetic fields on the inner crust of neutron stars
Creators: name: Bao, S. S.
name: Hu, J. N.
name: Shen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of strong magnetic fields on the pasta phases that are expected to exist in the inner crust of neutron stars. We employ the relativistic mean field model to describe the nucleon interaction and use the self-consistent Thomas-Fermi approximation to calculate the nonuniform matter in neutron star crust. The properties of pasta phases and crust-core transition are examined. It is found that as the magnetic field strength $B$ is less than $10^{17}$ G, the effects of magnetic field are not evident comparing with the results without magnetic field. As $B$ is stronger than $10^{18}$ G, the onset densities of pasta phases and crust-core transition density decrease significantly, and the density distributions of nucleons and electrons are also changed obviously.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Statistical power for repeated measures anova
Creators: name: Potvin, Patrick John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Determining power a prior for univariate repeated measures (RM) ANOVA designs is a difficult and often excluded practice in the planning of experimental research. Complicated procedures and lack of accessibility to computer power programs are among some of the problems which have discouraged researchers from perforrning power analysis on these designs. Another more serious issue has been the lack of methods available for estimating power of designs with two or more R M factors. Due to uncertainties on how to compute an appropriate error term when more than one variance-covariance matrix exists, analytical methods for approximating power are currently restricted to R M designs with only one withinsubjects variable. The purpose of this study therefore, was to facilitate the process of power detennination by providing a series of power tables for ANOVA designs with one and two within-subject variables. A secondary objective was to investigate less well known power trends among ANOVA designs having heterogeneous (nonspherical) correlation matrices or two R M factors. Power was generated using analytical and Monte Carlo simulation methods for varying experimental conditions of sample size (5, 10 , 15, 20, 25 & 30), effect size (small, medium & large), alpha (.01, .05 & .10), correlation (.4 & .8), variance-covariance matrix patterns (constant, e=1.00 and trend, e<.56) and levels of R M (3, 6 & 9). Examination of power results revealed that under conditions of nonsphericity (trend matrix pattern), power was found to be greater at small effect sizes and lower at medium and large effect sizes compared to those values generated under conditions involving spherical (constant matrix) structures. Regarding designs with two R M factors, power of main effects tests was observed to be greatest for a given condition so long as the average correlation among trials of the pooled factor was equal to or below that of the main effects factor. For interaction tests of the same model, power was found to be greatest for a given condition when at least one factor had an average correlation across its trials equal to .80. From simulation results, the relationship between error variance and power across different correlation matrices of the two-way R M design was examined and approximations of the noncentrality parameter for each test of this model were derived.
title: The Effects of Legislated Tax Changes in Germany
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Uhl, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Legislated Tax Change ∙ Narrative Approa?h ∙ Fiscal Policy ∙ Tax Policy

description: This paper studies the short run macroeconomic effects of legislated tax changes in Germany using a vector autoregression (VAR) approach. The identification of the tax shock follows the narrative approach recently proposed by Romer and Romer (2010). Results indicate a moderate, but statistically significant reduction in output as well as a strong offsetting monetary policy reaction following the announcement of the tax policy shock. In response to a one percent increase in the tax to GDP ratio, the peak output reduction is 0.67%. Distinguishing between anticipation and implementation effects suggests that tax changes affect GDP prior to actual implementation, while effects around implementation are insignificant. Our results ascribe this to an offsetting monetary policy reaction prior to actual implementation. This offers an explanation for the apparent failure of traditional VAR studies to reach coherent conclusions on tax policy effects in Germany. Moreover, these studies typically ignore anticipation effects and monetary policy reactions and hence give a misleading account of the transmission of tax policy shocks.
Angular spectrum influence and entanglement characterization of Gaussian-path encoded photonic qudits
Creators: name: Borges, Gilberto F.
name: Baldijão, Roberto D.
name: Matoso, Artur A.
name: Pádua, Sebastião
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled quantum states play an important role in quantum information science and also in quantum mechanics fundamental investigations. Implementation and characterization of techniques allowing for easy preparation of entangled states are important steps in such fields. Here we generated entangled quantum states encoded in photons transversal paths, obtained by pumping a non-linear crystal with multiple transversal Gaussian beams. Such approach allows us to generate entangled states of two qubits and two qutrits encoded in Gaussian transversal path of twin photons. We make a theoretical analyses of this source, considering the influence of the pump angular spectrum on the generated states, further characterizing those by their purity and entanglement degree. Our experimental results reveals that the generated states presents both high purity and entanglement, and the theoretical analysis elucidates how the pump beams profile can be used to manipulate such photonic states.
description: 6.5 pages +1 page refs. Comments are welcome!
title: Monetary Policy Transmission in Vector Autoregressions: A New Approach Using Central Bank Communication
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Neuenkirch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: European Central Bank
Central Bank Communication
Vector Autoregression
Economics
Wirtschaft
Monetary Policy Shocks, Monetary Policy Transmission

description: In this paper, we study the role played by central bank communication in monetary policy transmission. We employ the Swiss Economic Institute’s Monetary Policy Communicator to measure the future stance of the European Central Bank’s monetary policy. Our results indicate, first, that communication has an influence on inflation (expectations) of actual target rate changes. Communication also plays a noticeable role in the transmission of monetary policy to output. Consequently, future work on monetary policy transmission should incorporate both a short-term interest rate and a communication indicator. A second finding is that the monetary policy transmission mechanism changed during the financial crisis as the overall effect of monetary policy on (expected) inflation and output is weaker and of shorter duration during this period compared to the overall sample period.
title: A Theory of Dynamic Tariff and Quota Retaliation
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Keenan, Donald C.
name: Naqvi, Nadeem
name: Pech, Gerald
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Quota
Retaliation
Economics
Wirtschaft
Dynamic Game
Markov perfect equilibrium; Supermodular games
Foreign trade policy
Tariff

description: This paper characterizes, under the most general conditions to date, the steady-state equilibria of a symmetric, two-country trade model in which countries move in alternating-move, dynamic either tariffsetting or quota-setting games in Markov Perfect strategies, and compares the respective equilibrium level of tariffs and quotas with the corresponding pairs in the equilibria of static games. Our results imply that the alleged non-equivalence of the outcomes of tariff-retaliation (neither free trade nor autarky) and quota-retaliation (asymptotic autarky) games in the literature depends crucially on complete myopia, and can be dismissed altogether once dynamic considerations are introduced in an operationally significant manner.
Cumulative Risk, Protection, and Early Intervention: Neurodevelopment in Sibling Groups Exposed Prenatally to Substances
Creators: name: Bondi, Bianca C.
name: Pepler, Debra J.
name: Motz, Mary
name: Andrews, Naomi C.Z.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Mothercraft’s Breaking the Cycle is an early intervention program for substance-exposed children with neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities. Within three substance-exposed sibling groups (N = 8; 0–6 years), we 1) described longitudinal neurodevelopmental trajectories, 2) explored the balance of cross-domain cumulative risk and protection on neurodevelopment, and 3) generated hypotheses on how cumulative risk, protection, and early intervention impact neurodevelopment. Neurodevelopment is potentially shaped by the balance of risk and protection. Postnatal risk (birth/postnatal, child, parent-child interaction) and relational protection (family, parent-child interaction) appear to have the most salient impact on neurodevelopment. Early intervention is thought to be important as soon as possible and before age 3 years.
title: Market-dependent Production Set
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Egbert, Henrik
name: Naqvi, Nadeem
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
production set
international capital mobility
general equilibrium
economic policy
production possibility frontier

description: A country’s production possibility frontier or PPF is defined as the boundary of its economy’s production set in the net output space for a given technology and fixed quantities of primary factors of production. In general equilibrium theory, exogenous changes in technology or primary-factor supplies alter equilibrium prices; however, government-policy induced domestic relative commodity price changes do not alter the shape of an economy’s production set. We show that, under international capital mobility, which is empirically significant, the shape of a country’s production set does, in fact, depend on market forces and this shape can be manipulated by government policy.
title: Efficiency-wage Hypothesis and the Operational Production Pattern
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Naqvi, Nadeem
name: V. Schürg, Carolin
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: labor market
production possibility frontier
production set
economic policy
general equilibrium
efficiency wage
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: An economy’s production set is the collection of all net output vectors that the economy is capable of producing with a given technology and fixed quantities of primary factors of production. The boundary of this set is called the production possibility frontier or PPF. We show that, if the efficiency-wage hypothesis holds, a country’s PPF, though conceptually valid, is an operationally irrelevant concept, because the economy never operates on the PPF, which is a view that ought to be appreciated in light of persistent unemployment in the new structure of economies of the post-21st-Century-crisis world.
A Nash-Moser theorem for singular evolution equations. Application to the Serre and Green-Naghdi equations
Creators: name: Alvarez-Samaniego, Borys
name: Lannes, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the well-posedness of the initial value problem for a wide class of singular evolution equations. We prove a general well-posedness theorem under three assumptions easy to check: the first controls the singular part of the equation, the second the behavior of the nonlinearities, and the third one assumes that an energy estimate can be found for the linearized system. We allow losses of derivatives in this energy estimate and therefore construct a solution by a Nash-Moser iterative scheme. As an application to this general theorem, we prove the well-posedness of the Serre and Green-Naghdi equation and discuss the problem of their validity as asymptotic models for the water-waves equations.
All the PAHs: an AKARI-Spitzer Cross Archival Spectroscopic Survey of Aromatic Emission in Galaxies
Creators: name: Lai, Thomas S. -Y.
name: Smith, J. D. T.
name: Baba, Shunsuke
name: Spoon, Henrik W. W.
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large sample of 2.5-38 $μm$ galaxy spectra drawn from a cross-archival comparison in the AKARI-Spitzer Extragalactic Spectral Survey (ASESS), and investigate a subset of 113 star-forming galaxies with prominent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission spanning a wide range of star formation properties. With AKARI's extended 2.5-5 $μm$ wavelength coverage, we self-consistently model for the first time all PAH emission bands using a modified version of PAHFIT. We find $L_\mathrm{PAH\,3.3}/L_\mathrm{IR}$ $\sim$ 0.1% and the 3.3 $μm$ PAH feature contributes $\sim$1.5-3% to the total PAH power -- somewhat less than earlier dust models have assumed. We establish a calibration between 3.3 $μm$ PAH emission and star formation rate, but also find regimes where it loses reliability, including at high luminosity and low metallicity. The 3.4 $μm$ aliphatic emission and a broad plateau feature centered at 3.47 $μm$ are also modeled. As the shortest wavelength PAH feature, 3.3 $μm$ is susceptible to attenuation, leading to a factor of $\sim$ 3 differences in the inferred star formation rate at high obscuration with different assumed attenuation geometries. Surprisingly, $L_\mathrm{PAH\, 3.3} / L_\mathrm{Σ\, PAH}$ shows no sign of decline at high luminosities, and the low metallicity dwarf galaxy II Zw 40 exhibits an unusually strong 3.3 $μm$ band; both results suggest either that the smallest PAHs are better able to survive under intense radiation fields than presumed, or that PAH emission is shifted to shorter wavelengths in intense and high energy radiation environments. A photometric surrogate for 3.3 $μm$ PAH luminosity using JWST/NIRCam is provided and found to be highly reliable at low redshift.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures, accepted in ApJ
Predicting Developers' IDE Commands with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Bulmer, Tyson
name: Montgomery, Lloyd
name: Damian, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When a developer is writing code they are usually focused and in a state-of-mind which some refer to as flow. Breaking out of this flow can cause the developer to lose their train of thought and have to start their thought process from the beginning. This loss of thought can be caused by interruptions and sometimes slow IDE interactions. Predictive functionality has been harnessed in user applications to speed up load times, such as in Google Chrome's browser which has a feature called "Predicting Network Actions". This will pre-load web-pages that the user is most likely to click through. This mitigates the interruption that load times can introduce. In this paper we seek to make the first step towards predicting user commands in the IDE. Using the MSR 2018 Challenge Data of over 3000 developer session and over 10 million recorded events, we analyze and cleanse the data to be parsed into event series, which can then be used to train a variety of machine learning models, including a neural network, to predict user induced commands. Our highest performing model is able to obtain a 5 cross-fold validation prediction accuracy of 64%.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted at the 2018 ACM 15th Mining Software Repositories (MSR) conference
Coupling thermal evolution of planets and hydrodynamic atmospheric escape in MESA
Creators: name: Kubyshkina, Daria
name: Vidotto, Aline A.
name: Fossati, Luca
name: Farrell, Eoin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-term evolution of hydrogen-dominated atmospheres of sub-Neptune-like planets is mostly controlled by two factors: a slow dissipation of the gravitational energy acquired at the formation (known as thermal evolution) and atmospheric mass loss. Here, we use MESA to self-consistently couple the thermal evolution model of lower atmospheres with a realistic hydrodynamical atmospheric evaporation prescription. To outline the main features of such coupling, we simulate planets with a range of core masses (5-20 Mearth) and initial atmospheric mass fractions (0.5-30%), orbiting a solar-like star at 0.1 au. In addition to our computed evolutionary tracks, we also study the stability of planetary atmospheres, showing that the atmospheres of light planets can be completely removed within 1 Gyr, and that compact atmospheres have a better survival rate. From a detailed comparison between our results and the output of the previous-generation models, we show that coupling between thermal evolution and atmospheric evaporation considerably affects the thermal state of atmospheres for low-mass planets and, consequently, changes the relationship between atmospheric mass fraction and planetary parameters. We, therefore, conclude that self-consistent consideration of the thermal evolution and atmospheric evaporation is of crucial importance for evolutionary modeling and a better characterization of planetary atmospheres. From our simulations, we derive an analytical expression between the planetary radius and atmospheric mass fraction at different ages. In particular, we find that, for a given observed planetary radius, the predicted atmospheric mass fraction changes as age^0.11.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. The data underlying this article are available in Zenodo Repository, at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4022393
title: Estimating and Predicting Household Expenditures and Income Distributions
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Dai, Jing
name: Sperlich, Stefan
name: Zucchini, Walter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: data matching.
Economics
Wirtschaft
household expenditures
poverty mapping
project evaluation
income distribution

description: A reliable prediction of unconditional welfare distributions, like income or consumption, is essential for welfare analysis, and in particular for inequality, poverty or development studies. Where observations of expenditures or income are missing, the mean prediction based on available covariates is not just a poor estimator of the unconditional distribution; it fails to predict the required information about tails and quantiles. A new estimation method is introduced which can be combined with any mean prediction model. It is used to calculate the income distribution of a survey based on subsample information, to estimate the unconditional income distribution for the non-responding households, and to predict the household expenditures of a future panel wave. It allows for imputing welfare distributions for a census from a survey or for synthetic populations under specific scenarios. Further inference is straight-forward, including prediction of Lorenz curves, indexes like the Gini, or distribution quantiles, including confidence intervals.
The Variability and Rotation of Pre-main Sequence Stars in IC 348: Does Intracluster Environment Influence Stellar Rotation?
Creators: name: Nordhagen, S.
name: Herbst, W.
name: Rhode, K. L.
name: Williams, E. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variability study of the young cluster IC 348 at Van Vleck Observatory has been extended to a total of seven years. Twelve new periodic stars have been found in the last two years, bringing the total discovered by this program to 40. In addition, we confirm 16 of the periods reported by others and resolve some discrepancies. The total number of known rotation periods in the cluster, from all studies has now reached 70. This is sufficient to demonstrate that the parent population of K5-M2 stars is rotationally indistinguishable from that in the Orion Nebula Cluster even though their radii are 20% smaller and they would be expected to spin about twice as fast if angular momentum were conserved. The median radius and, therefore, inferred age of the IC 348 stars actually closely matches that of NGC 2264, but the stars spin significantly more slowly. This suggests that another factor besides mass and age plays a role in establishing the rotation properties within a cluster and we suggest that it is environment. If disk locking were to persist for longer times in less harsh environments, because the disks themselves persist for longer times, it could explain the generally slower rotation rates observed for stars in this cluster, whose earliest type star is of class B5. We have also obtained radial velocities, the first for PMS stars in IC348, and v sin i measurements for 30 cluster stars to assist in the study of rotation and as an independent check on stellar radii. Several unusual variable stars are discussed; in some or all cases their behavior may be linked to occultations by circumstellar material. A strong correlation exists between the range of photometric variability and the slope of the spectral energy distribution in the infrared. Nineteen of the 21 stars with I ranges exceeding 0.4 mag show infrared evidence for circumstellar disks.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
title: Social capital and new localism: a comparitive study of two parish councils
Creators: name: Darien, Lindsey Elizabeth Olivia
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2012

description: The theme of devolution has been taken up by the Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition from May 2010. This study demonstrates the enduring nature of the problem of devolving responsibility. The primary concern is to make an original contribution to the literature on the development of new localism by focusing on two contrasting Kentish examples of networked community governance: Downswood Parish Council and Kings Hill Parish Council. Downswood Parish Council's structure of governance is representative of the sometimes difficult central-local relationship. At Kings Hill the dual struggle for power includes a third partner, the private service provider (developer of Kings Hill). The study seeks to show that traditional social capital theory provides few insights into citizens' motivations to invest in social capital as a public good. Theories of leadership and club goods are introduced to provide an explicit theoretical account of the links between social networks and individual motivations. It will be argued that these theories make it possible to depart from Robert Putnam's belief that social capital is a bottom-up initiative in governance. The main findings show that both models of parish governance are remarkably good at generating and mobilising/expanding social capital. But it has to be emphasised that it is not in the interest of those holding power to just give it up. Instead, once community activists have gained the residents' support it is up to them to take power, and at times be critical of government policy. This is exactly what the parish councillors did on several occasions.
Grouping of flankers is similar in children to adults and does not break crowding
Creators: name: Waugh, Sarah J.
name: Formankiewicz, Monika A.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Waugh, S.J. & Formankiewicz, M.A., (2019) Grouping of flankers is similar in children to adults and does not break crowding. Abstract to be published in Journal of Vision.

Spatial interactions, including lateral masking and crowding, affect clinical visual acuity scores. Magnitude of interaction is determined by taking the difference in acuity (logMAR) between a flanked versus an isolated letter. It depends on target-flanker separation, target-flanker similarity and flanker grouping. Grouping of flankers, or ungrouping of flankers from the target, also contributes to visual scene perception and could be different in children and adults. We examined the impact of target-flanker similarity and flanker grouping on single letter acuity in normal healthy children aged 3 to 11 years (n=155) and adults (n=32). Visual acuity was measured for isolated letters (HOTV) and single letters (HOTV) surrounded by a box, bars, black letters or red letters (CLUA), placed 1 stroke-width away. No statistically significant effect of age was found on magnitude of spatial interaction when bars or a box surrounded the target letter. Threshold elevation was greater (p<0.001) for bars (0.15±0.01 logMAR) than a box (0.11±0.01 logMAR). When letters surrounded a black letter, the magnitude of spatial interaction reduced with age (p<0.05). It was greater for black, than red, surrounding letters (p<0.001). From 3-5 years to adulthood, threshold elevation fell from 0.27±0.03 to 0.18±0.02 logMAR for black surrounding letters, and from 0.22±0.03 to 0.15±0.02 for red surrounding letters. Grouping of flankers by colour or continuity reduces the magnitude of spatial interaction similarly for healthy young children and adults. In children, target-flanker similarity heightens spatial interactions, demonstrating crowding. Grouping by colour bends but does not break crowding, so could be used to improve visual attention in children without losing diagnostic potency.
Estimating and predicting the distribution of the number of visits to the medical doctor
MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Dai, Jing
name: Zucchini, Walter
name: Sperlich, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
predicting health care demand
health economics
visits to the doctor
model selection

description: In many countries the demand for health care services is of increasing
importance. Especially in the industrialized world with a changing demographic
structure social insurances and politics face real challenges.
Reliable predictors of those demand functions will therefore become
invaluable tools. This article proposes a prediction method for the distribution
of the number of visits to the medical doctor for a determined
population, given a sample that is not necessarily taken from that population.
It uses the estimated conditional sample distribution, and it
can be applied for forecast scenarios. The methods are illustrated along
data from Sidney. The introduced methodology can be applied as well
to any other prediction problem of discrete distributions in real, future
or any fictitious population. It is therefore also an excellent tool for
future predictions, scenarios and policy evaluation.
Empirical Evaluation of User Experience Using Lean Product and Process Development: A Public Institution Case Study in Indonesia
Creators: name: Subiyakto, Aang
name: Aisy, Rohadatul
name: Sudarsono, Bernadus Gunawan
name: Sihotang, Manorang
name: Setiyadi, Didik
name: Sani, Asrul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The easiness, speed, accuracy, security are the four main indicators of information quality that may be of concern to people for accessing information in a public institution dashboard system. To find out whether the data displayed on the system is easily understood by the users, an empirical evaluation study may indispensable to be performed. Evaluating user experience is one way to know whether a system is in accordance with user needs or not, whether related to data, interfaces or system performance. This study assessed user experiences based on the product pyramid and its development process in the case of a public dashboard system in a public institution in Indonesia. The empirical experiment was conducted with about 15 participants using a scenario that were deliberately designed and then gave answers to the single ease question (SEQ) and the system usability scale (SUS). The results show that SEQ measurement results obtained value of almost 5.7 which indicates that the application measurement results have an easy level. The SUS results demonstrate that the system was in the acceptable category with the value of around 81.3. Although findings of the study might not contribute theoretically, the findings may demonstrate a practical consideration for the stakeholders, in terms of the next system development stage.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, The 2nd International Science and Mathematics Conference (SMIC 2020) : Transforming Research and Education of Science and Mathematics in the Digital Age
End of multi-field inflation and the perturbation spectrum
Creators: name: Gong, Jinn-Ouk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of inflation models driven by multiple, decoupled scalar fields and calculate the Hubble parameter and the amplitude of the lightest field at the end of inflation which may be responsible for interesting, or possibly dangerous cosmological consequences after inflation. The results are very simple and similar to those of the single field inflation, mainly depend on the underlying spectrum of the masses. The mass distribution is heavily constrained by the power spectrum of density perturbations P and the spectral index n. The overall mass scale gives the amplitude of P, and n is affected by the number of fields and the spacing between masses in the distribution. The drop-out effect of the massive fields makes the perturbation spectrum typically redder than the single field inflation spectrum. We illustrate this using two different mass distributions.
description: (v1) 16 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; (v2) 17 pages, references added, typos corrected; (v3) references added, typos corrected; (v4) 16 pages, typos corrected, Table 1 expanded and Table 3 removed, Figs. 2 and 3 reduced, to appear in Physical Review D
title: How to provide access to next generation networks? The effect of risk allocation on investment and cooperation incentives
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bender, Christian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Next Generation Access Networks
cooperation
investment, access regulation

description: This paper analyzes the incentives to invest in Next Generation Access Networks (NGA) in a framework with horizontal product differentiation with price competition between an investing and an access seeking firm. Given uncertainty about the success of the NGA, I compare regulatory regimes with symmetric and with asymmetric risk allocation to the firms having the opportunity to cooperate and jointly roll-out the NGA. I find that private incentives to cooperate might coincide with the consumer surplus maximizing outcome. Whether the firms realize this socially desirable outcome depends on the outside option, i.e. the implemented access regime. The optimal regulatory policy is not only subject to the probability that the NGA succeed but depends even more on the degree of product differentiation in the retail market. Therefore, the implementation of different access regimes subject to the degree of product differentiation seems favorable. For heterogeneous retail products, an asymmetric risk allocation not only increases the chances of cooperation but lowers the risk of overinvestment. For homogeneous goods, a symmetric risk allocation is superior as it ensures sufficient investment incentives even if competition is very intensive.
Ultra-broadband Entangled Photons on a Nanophotonic Chip
Creators: name: Javid, Usman A.
name: Ling, Jingwei
name: Staffa, Jeremy
name: Li, Mingxiao
name: He, Yang
name: Lin, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanophotonic entangled-photon sources are a critical building block of chip-scale quantum photonic architecture and have seen significant development over the past two decades. These sources generate photon pairs that typically span over a narrow frequency bandwidth. Generating entanglement over a wide spectral region has proven to be useful in a wide variety of applications including quantum metrology, spectroscopy and sensing, and optical communication. However, generation of broadband photon pairs with temporal coherence approaching an optical cycle on a chip is yet to be seen. Here we demonstrate generation of ultra-broadband entangled photons using spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a periodically-poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguide. We employ dispersion engineering to achieve a bandwidth of 100 THz (1.2 - 2 $μ$m), at a high efficiency of 13 GHz/mW. The photons show strong temporal correlations and purity with the coincidence-to-accidental ratio exceeding $10^5$ and $>$ 98\% two-photon interference visibility. These properties together with the piezo-electric and electro-optic control and reconfigurability, make thin-film lithium niobate an excellent platform for a controllable entanglement source for quantum communication and computing, and open a path towards femtosecond metrology and spectroscopy with non-classical light on a nanophotonic chip.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
The China Labour Code: its major issues and improvement
Creators: name: Li, Jianyong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Under the transition to a socialist market economy, labour relations in China have become more and more complicated and varied with the accelerating privatization of the ownership of enterprises since the early 1990's. In order to adapt to the challenges posed to labour relations, to render labour relations harmonious and to protect the labourers' lawful rights and interests effectively, the Chinese government implemented the comprehensive Labour Code on January 1, 1995. Unfortunately, there are a lot of contradictions within the Code which certainly weaken its protecting power. The hypothesis of this study is: the Labour Code is a product of economic reform. The dilemma within Deng Xiaoping's theory of economic reform, namely the "grasping with two hands", is the cause of the dilemma within the Labour Code. This thesis will analyze the contradictions which exist in the Code and how those contradictions affect the provisions governing protection of labourers. The major contradictions are mainly as follows: the Code intends to delegate more protection power to workers by strengthening the Communist Party of China (CPC) political control, and intends to give more power to trade unions without loosening or decentralizing any CPC control over trade unions. All such contradictions which result from Deng Xiaoping's reform theory of "grasping with two hands" largely weaken the initial purpose of the Code by making trade unions dependent on the CPC's leadership and on employing units and making no provision for collective bargaining rights. This study argues that the Chinese Labour Code includes two major factors: the labour contract system and the resolution mechanism of labour disputes, and two major issues: trade unions' lack of independence and labourers' lack of collective bargaining rights. Through the comparison between the Chinese Labour Code and the B.C. Labour Code, it is revealed that the Chinese Labour Code focuses on the labour contract system and conditions of employment while the B.C. Labour Code focuses on collective bargaining and the independence of trade unions; and the Chinese Labour Code focuses on the results of a collective contract while the B.C. Labour Code focuses on the process of reaching a collective agreement. The comparison of trade unions reveals that trade unions are much more independent and representative of employees under the B.C. Labour Code than they are under the Chinese Labour Code. Also, the study reveals some various assumptions within two Codes. The different Labour Codes protect the labourers' lawful rights and interests in different ways. Finally, this study has put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the Chinese Labour Code in the future. The basic suggestions are as follows: to set a boundary line between employers and employees in order to let trade unions be independent, to establish a collective bargaining mechanism and to provide collective bargaining rights for labourers in the Chinese labour law system.
Topological studies of light-flavor hadron production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
Creators: name: Tripathy, Sushanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results for high multiplicity pp and p-Pb collisions have revealed that they exhibit heavy-ion-like behaviors. To understand the origin(s) of these unexpected phenomena, event shape observables such as transverse spherocity ($S_{\rm 0}^{p_{\rm T} = 1}$) and the relative transverse activity classifier ($R_{\rm{T}}$) can be exploited as a powerful tools to disentangle soft (non-perturbative) and hard (perturbative) particle production. Here, the production of light-flavor hadrons is shown for various $S_{\rm 0}^{p_{\rm T} = 1}$ classes in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 $\textrm{TeV}$ measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. The evolution of average transverse momentum ($\langle p_{\rm T}\rangle$) with charged-particle multiplicity, and identified particle ratios as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ for different $S_{\rm 0}^{p_{\rm T} = 1}$ are also presented. In addition, the system size dependence of charged-particle production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV is presented. The evolution of $\langle p_{\rm T}\rangle$ in different topological regions as a function of $R_{\rm{T}}$ are presented. Finally, using the same approach, we present a search for jet quenching behavior in small collision systems.
description: Proceedings of "The 5th International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics", 5-9 October 2020 (Online)
title: The Heterogeneity of Default Costs: Evidence from Recent Sovereign Debt Crises
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Jorra, Markus
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: Synthetic control methods
Default costs
Sovereign defaults
Economics
Wirtschaft
Case study

description: This paper examines the costs of recent sovereign defaults using synthetic
control methods, a novel econometric technique based on comparative case
studies. Evidence on the effects of debt crises is thus presented on a case-by-case basis, uncovering large variations in country-specific experiences. Our estimates of cumulated output losses, e.g., range between 8.5% and 23%
depending on the considered default episode. Further differences concern
the persistence and likely causes of these costs. In particular, our results are
consistent with the selective use of direct trade sanctions as punishment for sovereign defaults.
Use the force! Reduced variance estimators for densities, radial distribution functions and local mobilities in molecular simulations
Creators: name: Rotenberg, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though the computation of local properties, such as densities or radial distribution functions, remains one of the most standard goals of molecular simulation, it still largely relies on straighforward histogram-based strategies. Here we highlight recent developments of alternative approaches leading, from different perspectives, to estimators with a reduced variance compared to conventional binning. They all make use of the force acting on the particles, in addition to their position, and allow to focus on the non-trivial part of the problem in order to alleviate (or even remove in some cases) the catastrophic behaviour of histograms as the bin size decreases. The corresponding computational cost is negligible for molecular dynamics simulations, since the forces are already computed to generate the configurations, and the benefit of reduced-variance estimators is even larger when the cost of generating the latter is high, in particular with ab initio simulations. The force sampling approach may result in spurious residual non-zero values of the density in regions where no particles are present, but strategies are available to mitigate this artefact. We illustrate this approach on number, charge and polarization densities, radial distribution functions and local transport coefficients, discuss the connections between the various perspectives and suggest future challenges for this promising approach.
Nucleon-pair approximation with matrix representation
Creators: name: Lei, Y.
name: Lu, Y.
name: Zhao, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an approach of the nucleon-pair approximation (NPA), in which the collective nucleon pairs are represented in terms of antisymmetric matrices, and commutations between nucleon pairs are given by using matrix multiplication that avoids angular-momentum couplings and recouplings. Therefore the present approach significantly simplifies the NPA computation. Furthermore, it is formulated on the same footing with and without isospin.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures