cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introducing personalised risk based intervals in screening for diabetic retinopathy: development, implementation and assessment of safety, cost-effectiveness and patient experience. Workstream E: Randomised trial comparing standard and test screening intervals protocols
Creators: name: Broadbent, Deborah M
name: Bennett, Abigail
name: Moitt, Tracy
name: Howlin, Sue
name: James, Marilyn
name: Sampson, Christopher
name: Garcia-Finana, Marta
name: Amu Wang
name: Harding, Simon P
name: ISDR Study Group
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biomarkers
subject: Diseases
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Health Care
subject: 111711 Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance)
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: 111301 Ophthalmology
subject: 111716 Preventive Medicine
subject: 111717 Primary Health Care
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 111303 Vision Science
subject: 140208 Health Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Version 1.0 of the ISDR Trial Protocol, dated 8th January 2014.
Deborah M Broadbent1,2, Abigail Bennett3, Tracy Moitt3, Sue Howlin3, Marilyn James4, Christopher J Sampson4, Marta Garcia-Finana5, Amu Wang2, Simon P Harding1,2, for the ISDR Study Group.
1. Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, UK
2. St. Pauls Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK3. Clinical Trials Research Centre, University of Liverpool, UK4. Division of Rehabilitation and Ageing, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK5. Department of Statistics, University of Liverpool, UK
This protocol presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under the Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme (RP-PG-1210-12016). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.
Clinical Micro-CT Empowered by Interior Tomography, Robotic Scanning, and Deep Learning
Creators: name: Li, Mengzhou
name: Fang, Zheng
name: Cong, Wenxiang
name: Niu, Chuang
name: Wu, Weiwen
name: Uher, Josef
name: Bennett, James
name: Rubinstein, Jay T.
name: Wang, Ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: While micro-CT systems are instrumental in preclinical research, clinical micro-CT imaging has long been desired with cochlear implantation as a primary example. The structural details of the cochlear implant and the temporal bone require a significantly higher image resolution than that (about 0.2 mm) provided by current medical CT scanners. In this paper, we propose a clinical micro-CT (CMCT) system design integrating conventional spiral cone-beam CT, contemporary interior tomography, deep learning techniques, and technologies of micro-focus X-ray source, photon-counting detector (PCD), and robotic arms for ultrahigh resolution localized tomography of a freely-selected volume of interest (VOI) at a minimized radiation dose level. The whole system consists of a standard CT scanner for a clinical CT exam and VOI specification, and a robotic-arm based micro-CT scanner for a local scan at much higher spatial and spectral resolution as well as much reduced radiation dose. The prior information from global scan is also fully utilized for background compensation to improve interior tomography from local data for accurate and stable VOI reconstruction. Our results and analysis show that the proposed hybrid reconstruction algorithm delivers superior local reconstruction, being insensitive to the misalignment of the isocenter position and initial view angle in the data/image registration while the attenuation error caused by scale mismatch can be effectively addressed with bias correction. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of our system design. We envision that deep learning techniques can be leveraged for optimized imaging performance. With high resolution imaging, high dose efficiency and low system cost synergistically, our proposed CMCT system has great potentials in temporal bone imaging as well as various other clinical applications.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables
Manual do Indexador Edubase: versão 2.0 (2017)
Creators: name: Santos, Gildenir Carolino
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80604 Database Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Education

description: Este manual tem como finalidade auxiliar os editores, bibliotecários ou assistentes no processo de indexação dos registros da sua publicação na Edubase. A Edubase é uma base de dados de assuntos referentes à Educação e áreas afins, tendo como propósito formar uma rede de colaboradores que visam preservar dados e registros de suas publicações numa plataforma automatizada que permita oferecer visibilidade, operabilidade e recuperação da informação, de forma rápida e padronizada. A Edubase está abrigada no servidor da empresa Modal, nossa parceira no desenvolvimento do Portal, desde 1998, e integrada ao Sistema de Bibliotecas da UNICAMP (SBU), desde 2015. Hoje, a Edubase tem aproximadamente 85 títulos de periódicos científicos de acesso aberto, contando com a indexação de 19.000 registros em sua base, inseridos desde 2013 de forma colaborativa, ou seja, indexação compartilhada a partir dos editores que integram ao Portal Edubase.
Additional file 1 of Activation of the sigma-1 receptor exerts cardioprotection in a rodent model of chronic heart failure by stimulation of angiogenesis
Creators: name: Zhao, Xin
name: Liu, Xin
name: Chen, Xiuhuan
name: Han, Xueyu
name: Sun, Yazhou
name: Fo, Yuhong
name: Wang, Xiukun
name: Qu, Chuan
name: Yang, Bo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplement figures and tables.
Dimensionality reduction, regularization, and generalization in overparameterized regressions
Creators: name: Huang, Ningyuan
name: Hogg, David W.
name: Villar, Soledad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Overparameterization in deep learning is powerful: Very large models fit the training data perfectly and yet often generalize well. This realization brought back the study of linear models for regression, including ordinary least squares (OLS), which, like deep learning, shows a "double-descent" behavior: (1) The risk (expected out-of-sample prediction error) can grow arbitrarily when the number of parameters $p$ approaches the number of samples $n$, and (2) the risk decreases with $p$ for $p>n$, sometimes achieving a lower value than the lowest risk for $p
Folded Context Condensation in Path Integral Formalism for Infinite Context Transformers
Creators: name: Paeng, Won-Gi
name: Kwon, Daesuk
name: Jeong, Kyungwon
name: Suh, Honggyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present a generalized formulation of the Transformer algorithm by reinterpreting its core mechanisms within the framework of Path Integral formalism. In this perspective, the attention mechanism is recast as a process that integrates all possible transition paths leading to future token states, with temporal evolution governed by the Feed-Forward Network. By systematically mapping each component of the Transformer to its counterpart in the Path Integral formulation, we obtain a more compact and efficient representation, in which the contextual information of a sequence is condensed into memory-like segments. These segments are recurrently processed across Transformer layers, enabling more effective long-term information retention. We validate the effectiveness of this approach through the Passkey retrieval task and a summarization task, demonstrating that the proposed method preserves historical information while exhibiting memory usage that scales linearly with sequence length. This contrasts with the non-linear memory growth typically observed in standard attention mechanisms. We expect that this quantum-inspired generalization of the Transformer architecture will open new avenues for enhancing both the efficiency and expressiveness of future Transformer models.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Manual do Indexador Edubase: versão 2.0 (2017)
Creators: name: Santos, Gildenir Carolino
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80604 Database Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Education

description: Este manual tem como finalidade auxiliar os editores, bibliotecários ou assistentes no processo de indexação dos registros da sua publicação na Edubase. A Edubase é uma base de dados de assuntos referentes à Educação e áreas afins, tendo como propósito formar uma rede de colaboradores que visam preservar dados e registros de suas publicações numa plataforma automatizada que permita oferecer visibilidade, interoperabilidade e recuperação da informação, de forma rápida e padronizada. A Edubase está abrigada no servidor da empresa Modal, nossa parceira no desenvolvimento do Portal, desde 1998, e integrada ao Sistema de Bibliotecas da UNICAMP (SBU), desde 2015. Hoje, a Edubase tem aproximadamente 45 títulos de periódicos científicos de acesso aberto correntes, 40 títulos não ativos, contando com a indexação de 21.017 registros em sua base, inseridos desde 1994, e desde 2013 de forma colaborativa, ou seja, indexação compartilhada a partir dos editores que integram ao Portal Edubase.
SemMT: A Semantic-based Testing Approach for Machine Translation Systems
Creators: name: Cao, Jialun
name: Li, Meiziniu
name: Li, Yeting
name: Wen, Ming
name: Cheung, Shing-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine translation has wide applications in daily life. In mission-critical applications such as translating official documents, incorrect translation can have unpleasant or sometimes catastrophic consequences. This motivates recent research on testing methodologies for machine translation systems. Existing methodologies mostly rely on metamorphic relations designed at the textual level (e.g., Levenshtein distance) or syntactic level (e.g., the distance between grammar structures) to determine the correctness of translation results. However, these metamorphic relations do not consider whether the original and translated sentences have the same meaning (i.e., Semantic similarity). Therefore, in this paper, we propose SemMT, an automatic testing approach for machine translation systems based on semantic similarity checking. SemMT applies round-trip translation and measures the semantic similarity between the original and translated sentences. Our insight is that the semantics expressed by the logic and numeric constraint in sentences can be captured using regular expressions (or deterministic finite automata) where efficient equivalence/similarity checking algorithms are available. Leveraging the insight, we propose three semantic similarity metrics and implement them in SemMT. The experiment result reveals SemMT can achieve higher effectiveness compared with state-of-the-art works, achieving an increase of 21% and 23% on accuracy and F-Score, respectively. We also explore potential improvements that can be achieved when proper combinations of metrics are adopted. Finally, we discuss a solution to locate the suspicious trip in round-trip translation, which may shed lights on further exploration.
Supplementary Material from Ultimate drivers of forced extra-pair copulations in birds lacking a penis: jackdaws as a case-study
Creators: name: Hooper, Rebecca
name: Maher, Kathryn
name: Moore, Karen
name: McIvor, Guillam
name: Hosken, David
name: Thornton, Alex
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary data
Oscillatory and radiative properties of solar magnetic flux concentrations
Creators: name: DAMIEN FRANCIS PRZYBYLSKI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics
subject: 20109 Space and Solar Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photospheric magnetic field structures, such as sunspots, are important visible markers of the Suns activity. Computational modelling of wave motions is used to investigate the structure of these magnetic fields. To directly compare our simulation results to satellite measurements we calculate the radiation spectrum that would be observed. We apply these techniques to two topics. Firstly, we identify the observational signatures of fast-to-slow mode conversion of sound waves in a sunspot and analyse the implications for helioseismology. Secondly, we study the observational manifestation of Alfvén waves in intergranular flux concentrations and investigate their potential to heat the solar chromosphere.
Hibridisasi Seni Kerajinan Patung di Desa Kedisan, Bali
Creators: name: Sujiati Beratha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 200299 Cultural Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other humanities

description: This article discusses Balinese handicraft especially statue handicraft produced by craftsmen at Kedisan Village, Tegal-lalang District, Gianyar Residence. The competitiveness of the product is very high in tourism market and has the process of hybridization. The specific target that will be achieved related to the identity maintenance of Balinese culture. Thus the main discussion of this article is the caused of hybridization on statue handicraft in Bali. In the era of globalization the fusion between local and global cultures has already happened and this is a phenomenon of postmodernism because there is relationship of cultural influences. This condition can be comprehended from hybridization phenomenon on statue handicraft in Bali. Theories of globalization and glocalization are applied to analyse the data in this article. Qualitative method is used to achieve the objective and target through the implementation of participated observation technique and in-depth interview. The whole data is analysed descriptively, holisticly, and interpretatively. The Balinese artists on statue have done the changes in the form of statue through hybridization against the statue as the effect of made to order because of internal and external factors.
Additional file 7 of Stand carbon storage and net primary production in China’s subtropical secondary forests are predicted to increase by 2060
Creators: name: Jin, Jia
name: Xiang, Wenhua
name: Zeng, Yelin
name: Ouyang, Shuai
name: Zhou, Xiaolu
name: Hu, Yanting
name: Zhao, Zhonghui
name: Chen, Liang
name: Lei, Pifeng
name: Deng, Xiangwen
name: Wang, Hui
name: Liu, Shirong
name: Peng, Changhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7. Descriptive statistics for spatial heterogeneity of climate and forest stand structure in all selected permanent forest sample plots in Hunan Province. Site variable: elevation (above mean sea level, m); climatic variables: annual average air temperature (°C), annual rainfall (mm yr-1) and the annual average vapor pressure deficit (mbar) between 2000 and 2014.
Das Methylom des Cyanobakteriums Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Creators: name: Gärtner, Katrin
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science

description: Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurde das Methylom von Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 untersucht. Drei neue Methylierungsmotive konnten detektiert und ihre spezifischen DNA-Methyltransferasen charakterisiert werden. Die DNA-Methyltransferase M.Ssp6803II methyliert das Motiv GGm4CC und scheint einen Einfluss auf die DNA-Replikation und DNA-Reparaturmechanismen zu haben. M.Ssp6803IV modifiziert das Motiv GAm6AGGC und ist für die Vitalität von Synechocystis 6803 essentiell. M.Ssp6803V methyliert das Motiv GGm6AN7TTGG/CCAm6AN7TCC und ist vermutlich an der Verarbeitung genetischer Informationen beteiligt.
New phenomena in laser-assisted leptonic decays of the negatively charged boson $W^{-}$
Creators: name: Mouslih, S.
name: Jakha, M.
name: Dahiri, I.
name: Taj, S.
name: Manaut, B.
name: Siher, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper and within the standard Glashow-Weinberg-Salam model of electroweak interactions, we study theoretically the leptonic decay of the $W^{-}$-boson $(W^{-}\rightarrow \ell^{-}\barν_{\ell})$ in the presence of a circularly polarized electromagnetic field and we examine the laser effect, in terms of its field strength and frequency, on the leptonic decay rate and the phenomenon of multiphoton processes. The calculations are carried out using the exact relativistic wave functions of charged particles in an electromagnetic field. It was found that the laser significantly contributed to reducing the probability of $W^{-}$-boson decay. We show that the laser-assisted decay rate is equal to the laser-free one only when the famous Kroll-Watson sum rule is fulfilled. The notable effect of the laser on the leptonic decay rate was reasonably interpreted by the well-known quantum Zeno effect or by the opening of channels other than leptonic ones to decay. We hope that this article paved the way for an upcoming paper to study the hadronic decay of the $W^{-}$-boson and then explore the laser effect on its lifetime and branching ratios.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
How Geometrical Frustrated Systems Challenge our Notion of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Bauer, Wolfgang Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2; H.1.0; G.3
subject: 82B30, 80A05

description: Although Boltzmann's definition of entropy, and, hence, the existence of negative temperatures, are widely accepted, we will show scenarios which apparently at a first glance are inconsistent with our normal notion of thermodynamics. This is shown in the framework of stochastic thermodynamics for special geometrical frustrated systems (GFSs), which have maximum entropy at its ground state and constant negative temperature. For two GFSs in weak thermal contact and at same temperature, all energetic constellations are equal probable. A hot and a cool GFS in contact is driven by entropic forces via heat transfer to a most probable state in which the hot GFS is in its ground state. The same holds for a GFS in contact with a gas. As this is not a local maximum of entropy both subsystems maintain different temperatures here. Re-parametrization can transform these non-local into local maxima with corresponding equivalence of re-defined temperatures. However, these temperatures cannot be assigned solely to a subsystem but describe combinations of both.The non-local maxima of entropy restrict the naive application of the zeroth law of thermodynamics. Reformulated this law is still valid with the consequence that a GFS at constant negative temperature can measure positive temperatures. A GFS combined with a polarized paramagnetic spin gas may have a local or non-local maxima of entropy, with equivalent or non-equivalent temperatures, respectively. In case of a local maximum the spin gas can measure the temperature of the GFS, however, it does not reveal information about its energetic state.
description: 13 pages, 4 Figures
Activin A: expression and potential sources in cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Creators: name: Chen, Yi
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily of regulatory proteins, has been implicated in both acute and chronic inflammation. Neutralising its biological effects using follistatin, a naturally occurring high affinity binding protein, has been associated with improved outcomes in animal models of inflammatory conditions such as endotoxaemia, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma and renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiac surgery is associated with a generalised non- specific inflammatory response and this is largely an effect of cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. In this thesis, the release pattern of activin A and follistatin in the setting of cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion was studied. Cardiopulmonary bypass was associated with a biphasic pattern of activin A release. Follistatin was also robustly released by cardiopulmonary bypass and the serum levels correlated with serum interleukin-6 levels. Activin A expression was increased in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion and pre-treatment with follistatin reduced infarct size associated with ischaemia-reperfusion. Lastly, neutrophils were identified as a potential source of preformed activin A in acute inflammation. Tumour necrosis factor-α was able to stimulate the release of activin A from neutrophils via a p38 MAP kinase dependent pathway. Overall, this thesis has provided data to support the hypothesis that the activin A/follistatin axis is involved in the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion. Circulating neutrophils may be a potential source of preformed activin A in the setting of acute inflammation. Follistatin may have therapeutic potential in ameliorating myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
title: 03_0310
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
The hybrid stochastic-local volatility model with applications in pricing FX options
Creators: name: Tian, Yu
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis presents our study on using the hybrid stochastic-local volatility model for option pricing. Many researchers have demonstrated that stochastic volatility models cannot capture the whole volatility surface accurately, although the model parameters have been calibrated to replicate the market implied volatility data for near at-the-money strikes. On the other hand, the local volatility model can reproduce the implied volatility surface, whereas it does not consider the stochastic behaviour of the volatility. To combine the advantages of stochastic volatility (SV) and local volatility (LV) models, a class of stochastic-local volatility (SLV) models has been developed. The SLV model contains a stochastic volatility component represented by a volatility process and a local volatility component represented by a so-called leverage function. The leverage function can be roughly seen as a ratio between local volatility and conditional expectation of stochastic volatility. The difficulty of implementing the SLV model lies in the calibration of the leverage function. In the thesis, we first review the fundamental theories of stochastic differential equations and the classic option pricing models, and study the behaviour of the volatility in the context of FX market. We then introduce the SLV model and illustrate our implementation of the calibration and pricing procedure. We apply the SLV model to exotic option pricing in the FX market and compare pricing results of the SLV model with pure local volatility and pure stochastic volatility models. Numerical results show that the SLV model can match the implied volatility surface very well as well as improve the pricing performance for barrier options. In addition, we further discuss some extensions of the SLV project, such as parallelization potential for accelerating option pricing and pricing techniques for window barrier options. Although the SLV model we use in the thesis is not entirely new, we contribute to the research in the following aspects: 1) we investigate the hybrid volatility modeling thoroughly from theoretical backgrounds to practical implementations; 2) we resolve some critical issues in implementing the SLV model such as developing a fast and stable numerical method to derive the leverage function; and 3) we build a robust calibration and pricing platform under the SLV model, which can be extended for practical uses.
Teacher agency in the age of generative AI: towards a framework of hybrid intelligence for learning design
Creators: name: Frøsig, Thomas B
name: Romero, Margarida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative AI (genAI) is being used in education for different purposes. From the teachers' perspective, genAI can support activities such as learning design. However, there is a need to study the impact of genAI on the teachers' agency. While GenAI can support certain processes of idea generation and co-creation, GenAI has the potential to negatively affect professional agency due to teachers' limited power to (i) act, (ii) affect matters, and (iii) make decisions or choices, as well as the possibility to (iv) take a stance. Agency is identified in the learning sciences studies as being one of the factors in teachers' ability to trust AI. This paper aims to introduce a dual perspective. First, educational technology, as opposed to other computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools, has two distinctly different user groups and different user needs, in the form of learners and teachers, to cater for. Second, the design of educational technology often prioritises learner agency and engagement, thereby limiting the opportunities for teachers to influence the technology and take action. This study aims to analyse the way GenAI is influencing teachers' agency. After identifying the current limits of GenAI, a solution based on the combination of human intelligence and artificial intelligence through a hybrid intelligence approach is proposed. This combination opens up the discussion of a collaboration between teacher and genAI being able to open up new practices in learning design in which they HI support the extension of the teachers' activity.
The Emission Physics of Millisecond Pulsars
Creators: name: Harding, Alice K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the physics of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars (MSPs) presents a number of challenges compared to that of the non-recycled pulsar population. Even though their fast rotation rates can produce high spin-down power and accelerating electric fields, their relatively low surface magnetic fields make the production of electron-positron pairs required for radio emission difficult. The Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope has discovered pulsed W-rays from a large fraction of the MSP population that have light curves surprisingly similar to those of young pulsars. However, their very compact magnetospheres enable magnetic fields at the light cylinder that are comparable to those of the most energetic pulsars. This fact and recent global magnetosphere models showing that particle acceleration takes place near and beyond the light cylinder, now makes the W-rays from MSPs plausible. The large increase in binary systems harboring MSPs has revitalized the study of shock acceleration and high-energy emission in such systems, with many showing orbitally-modulated X-rays. This Chapter will review the history and our current studies of the mechanisms for multiwavelength emission from MSPs.
description: 28 pages, 8 figure, Preprint of a chapter of the book 'Millisecond Pulsars', of the Astrophysics and Space Science Library (ASSL) series edited by Sudip Bhattacharyya, Alessandro Papitto and Dipankar Bhattacharya. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1310.3545
Organisational antecedents of expatriate performance: Australian expatriates in Special Administrative Regions of China
Creators: name: Lee (Care), Leanda
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This research aimed to determine the relationships between proposed antecedents to the expatriate management process and performance outcomes of Australian expatriates working on assignment in Hong Kong and Macau. There have been a number of calls from both within the expatriate and the general performance literatures for the development of a comprehensive model of performance and for it to be empirically tested for a better understanding of the components of performance. Thus, this study sought to (a) clarify the definition and operationalisation of job performance in the expatriate environment and (b) test a model of expatriate performance which included intervening variables of cross-cultural adjustment, psychological contract violation, and career commitment. Campbell’s (1990) multifactor framework of performance was used to provide a clear definition and theoretical foundation. Data were collected in two main studies in the Special Administrative Regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau. Qualitative data were collected from 20 Australian expatriates and their supervisors, and quantitative data were collected through administration of survey questionnaires to 106 Australian expatriates and 24 supervisors. A performance scale was developed utilising both inductive and deductive procedures through pilot studies, subject matter expert surveys, and a final questionnaire. The results of exploratory principal components analysis indicated that there were six components of performance. These components were then utilised as the criteria to test direct and indirect hypothesized relationships to organisational antecedents and intervening variables. The major findings of the results of a series of hierarchical regression analysis (including moderated and mediated analyses) were that practical and informative support were related to some components of performance. Interaction adjustment was xv the only adjustment type that directly related to the performance components although work adjustment and interaction adjustment played influential roles as intervening variables. In addition, the proposition that relational psychological contract type strengthened the negative relationship between psychological contract violation and performance was generally supported. This research makes three major contributions: (a) the development of a measure of expatriate performance within May 2009; reviewed December 2011; updated November 2012 an overall framework; (b) the clarification of a definition and delineation between performance and adjustment which tests adjustment as a mediator rather than an ultimate criterion measure and (c) the exploration of relationships between a number of organisational support mechanisms and individual components of performance.
Analysis and observation of pre-learnt and idosyncratic elements in improvisation : a reflective study in jazz performance
Creators: name: Burke, Robert Louis
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This exegesis examines influences, processes and idiosyncrasies in musical improvisation in a jazz context, identified through analysis and observation of selected, recorded performances by the author. It is a practice-based research project with two objectives, the first to uncover degrees to which pre-learnt skills and idiosyncratic creations occur and interact in music-making, and the second to contribute to the body of knowledge in spontaneous improvised music research: an area of the art which at this time is beginning to invite intense enquiry. It is argued that deep investigation into one's own playing, complemented by critical contemplation, offers insights into improvised performance that can add a significant dimension to the analysis and observations made by other people. Notwithstanding the limitations of traditional musical notation, transcriptions examined in this study show clearly influences both from past learning and from musicians who continue to have a powerful influence - consciously and subconsciously - on the author's playing and thought processes in music. While formal study with influential figures (players and teachers) is important, underpinning the whole learning process is the aural comprehension of sounds; the end musical product being recorded performances submitted here as the primary source. The insights gained through this reflective self-examination suggests that not only is it a practice of great worth from a personal perspective, but also offers a model for others who wish to remain alert to the quality of their own musical output, and the measure, as far as it is possible, of their creativity.
Additional file 1 of Effects of silicon application on leaf structure and physiological characteristics of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. and Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. under salt treatment
Creators: name: Shen, Zihui
name: Cheng, Xiaojiao
name: Li, Xiao
name: Deng, Xianya
name: Dong, Xiuxiu
name: Wang, Shaoming
name: Pu, Xiaozhen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Two factor ANOVA (Si and NaCl treatment) for all parameters studied of licorice significance values.
Behaviourally specialized foragers are less efficient and live shorter lives than generalists in wasp colonies
Creators: name: Santoro, D
name: Hartley, Stephen
name: Lester, Philip
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: A widely held assumption in ecology is that specialists are more efficient than generalists. However, empirical evidence for this fundamental assumption is surprisingly scarce and often contradictory. Theoretically, the evolution of alternative life history strategies is underpinned by a trade-off between activity levels and survival. We investigated the consequences of specialization in a foraging context, by comparing the performance and longevity of closely related individuals in a social insect, the common wasp (Vespula vulgaris). Using radio-frequency identification technology, we monitored the lifetime foraging activity of individual wasps from three colonies kept under natural foraging conditions. Returning foragers were video-recorded as they passed the nest entrance so that their foraging load could be assessed. There were substantial differences in foraging activity and survival within and between colonies. At the colony level, foraging specialization was weak. Yet, workers within each nest demonstrated a remarkable range of foraging specialization levels (defined as the degree of overlap between individual and colony-level task allocation) and efficiencies (defined by the number of successful trips and trip duration). We found that specialist foragers were less efficient than generalist siblings within the same colony. Behavioural specialists accomplished fewer successful trips per foraging day, and their trips were typically relatively longer. Specialized foragers also showed reduced life expectancy. The mortality risk was higher for individuals spending relatively more time in the field, yet we found no link between the level of specialization and relative field exposure. Our extensive dataset of unprecedented detail provides strong empirical evidence that behavioural specialization is not associated with a better lifetime performance, on the contrary, the opposite appears true for the common wasp. We also show that the survival of genetically similar individuals can be linked to life-long differences in behaviour according to classical life-history theory predictions.
Additional file 8 of Stand carbon storage and net primary production in China’s subtropical secondary forests are predicted to increase by 2060
Creators: name: Jin, Jia
name: Xiang, Wenhua
name: Zeng, Yelin
name: Ouyang, Shuai
name: Zhou, Xiaolu
name: Hu, Yanting
name: Zhao, Zhonghui
name: Chen, Liang
name: Lei, Pifeng
name: Deng, Xiangwen
name: Wang, Hui
name: Liu, Shirong
name: Peng, Changhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8. Simulation errors of TRIPLEX1.6 applied to subtropical forest ecosystems in southeastern China, comparing density (stems ha−1), DBH (cm), NPP (t ha-1 yr-1) and C storage (t C ha−1) between modeled values and forest inventory data collected from 875 forest stands.
Behaviourally specialized foragers are less efficient and live shorter lives than generalists in wasp colonies
Creators: name: Santoro, D
name: Hartley, Stephen
name: Lester, Philip
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A widely held assumption in ecology is that specialists are more efficient than generalists. However, empirical evidence for this fundamental assumption is surprisingly scarce and often contradictory. Theoretically, the evolution of alternative life history strategies is underpinned by a trade-off between activity levels and survival. We investigated the consequences of specialization in a foraging context, by comparing the performance and longevity of closely related individuals in a social insect, the common wasp (Vespula vulgaris). Using radio-frequency identification technology, we monitored the lifetime foraging activity of individual wasps from three colonies kept under natural foraging conditions. Returning foragers were video-recorded as they passed the nest entrance so that their foraging load could be assessed. There were substantial differences in foraging activity and survival within and between colonies. At the colony level, foraging specialization was weak. Yet, workers within each nest demonstrated a remarkable range of foraging specialization levels (defined as the degree of overlap between individual and colony-level task allocation) and efficiencies (defined by the number of successful trips and trip duration). We found that specialist foragers were less efficient than generalist siblings within the same colony. Behavioural specialists accomplished fewer successful trips per foraging day, and their trips were typically relatively longer. Specialized foragers also showed reduced life expectancy. The mortality risk was higher for individuals spending relatively more time in the field, yet we found no link between the level of specialization and relative field exposure. Our extensive dataset of unprecedented detail provides strong empirical evidence that behavioural specialization is not associated with a better lifetime performance, on the contrary, the opposite appears true for the common wasp. We also show that the survival of genetically similar individuals can be linked to life-long differences in behaviour according to classical life-history theory predictions.
Rapid mixing for compact group extensions of hyperbolic flows
Creators: name: Pollicott, Mark
name: Zhang, Daofei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A25, 37C30, 37D20, 37D30, 37D40

description: In this article, we give explicit conditions for compact group extensions of hyperbolic flows (including geodesic flows on negatively curved manifolds) to exhibit quantifiable rates of mixing (or decay of correlations) with respect to the natural probability measures, which are locally the product of a Gibbs measure for a Hölder potential and the Haar measure. More precisely, we show that the mixing rate with respect to Hölder functions will be faster than any given polynomial (i.e., rapid mixing). We also give error estimates on the equidistribution of the holonomy around closed orbits. In particular, these results apply to some frame flows for manifolds with negative sectional curvatures.
description: 39pages, 5 figures
Deep learning via LSTM models for COVID-19 infection forecasting in India
Creators: name: Chandra, Rohitash
name: Jain, Ayush
name: Chauhan, Divyanshu Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have major impact to health and medical infrastructure, economy, and agriculture. Prominent computational and mathematical models have been unreliable due to the complexity of the spread of infections. Moreover, lack of data collection and reporting makes modelling attempts difficult and unreliable. Hence, we need to re-look at the situation with reliable data sources and innovative forecasting models. Deep learning models such as recurrent neural networks are well suited for modelling spatiotemporal sequences. In this paper, we apply recurrent neural networks such as long short term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM, and encoder-decoder LSTM models for multi-step (short-term) COVID-19 infection forecasting. We select Indian states with COVID-19 hotpots and capture the first (2020) and second (2021) wave of infections and provide two months ahead forecast. Our model predicts that the likelihood of another wave of infections in October and November 2021 is low; however, the authorities need to be vigilant given emerging variants of the virus. The accuracy of the predictions motivate the application of the method in other countries and regions. Nevertheless, the challenges in modelling remain due to the reliability of data and difficulties in capturing factors such as population density, logistics, and social aspects such as culture and lifestyle.
description: PLOS One, 2022
Energy-mass equivalence from Maxwell equations
Creators: name: Perez, Alejandro
name: Ribisi, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the appearance of Einstein's paper {\em"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies"} and the birth of special relativity, it is understood that the theory was basically coded within Maxwell's equations. The celebrated mass-energy equivalence relation, $E=mc^2$, is derived by Einstein using thought experiments involving the kinematics of the emission of light (electromagnetic energy) and the relativity principle. Text book derivations often follow paths similar to Einstein's, or the analysis of the kinematics of particle collisions interpreted from the perspective of different inertial frames. All the same, in such derivations the direct dynamical link with hypothetical fundamental fields describing matter (e.g. Maxwell theory or other) is overshadowed by the use of powerful symmetry arguments, kinematics, and the relativity principle. Here we show that the formula can be derived directly form the dynamical equations of a massless matter model confined in a box (which can be thought of as a toy model of a composite particle). The only assumptions in the derivation are that the field equations hold and the energy-momentum tensor admits a universal interpretation in arbitrary coordinate systems. The mass-energy equivalence relation follows from the inertia or (taking the equivalence principle for granted) weight of confined field radiation. The present derivation offers an interesting pedagogical perspective on the formula providing a simple toy model on the origin of mass and a natural bridge to the foundations of general relativity.
Critical Phenomena and Reentrant Phase Transition of Asymptotically Reissner-Nordstrom Black Holes
Creators: name: Momennia, Mehrab
name: Hendi, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering a small correction to the Maxwell field, we show that the resultant black hole solutions (also known as the asymptotically Reissner--Nordström black holes) undergo the reentrant phase transition and can have a novel phase behavior. We also show that such a small nonlinear correction of the Reissner--Nordström black holes has high effects on the phase structure of the solutions. It leads to a new classification in the canonical ensemble of extended phase space providing the values of the nonlinearity parameter $α$ being $α\lesseqqgtr 4q^{2}/7$. We shall study these three classes and investigate deviations from those of the standard Reissner--Nordström solutions. Interestingly, we find that there is the reentrant phase transition for $α<4q^{2}/7$, and for the case of $α=4q^{2}/7$ there is no phase transition below (at) the critical point. For the last case, one finds that small and large black holes are thermodynamically distinguishable for temperatures and pressures higher than the critical ones.
description: 10 Page with 5 captioned figures. Submitted for publication