cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"zpt_y1_y1.txt" of "A precise measurement of the Z-boson double-differential transverse momentum and rapidity distributions in the full phase space of the decay leptons with the ATLAS experiment at $\sqrt s$ = 8 TeV"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2024

description: Correlation for $p_T$ cross section between 0.4 < |y| < 0.8 and 0.4 < |y| < 0.8
description: CERN-LHC. This paper presents for the first time a precise measurement of the production properties of the $Z$ boson in the full phase space of the decay leptons. This is in contrast to the many previous precise unfolded measurements performed in the fiducial phase space of the decay leptons. The measurement is obtained from proton--proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb$^{-1}$. The results, based on a total of 15.3 million $Z$-boson decays to electron and muon pairs, extend and improve a previous measurement of the full set of angular coefficients describing $Z$-boson decay. The double-differential cross-section distributions in $Z$-boson transverse momentum $p_T$ and rapidity $y$ are measured in the pole region, defined as $80 < m_{\ell\ell} < 100$ GeV, over the range $|y| < 3.6$. The total uncertainty of the normalised cross-section measurements in the peak region of the $p_T$ distribution is dominated by statistical uncertainties over the full range and increases as a function of rapidity from $0.5-1.0$% for $|y| < 2.0$ to $2-7$% at higher rapidities. The results for the rapidity-dependent transverse momentum distributions are compared to state-of-the-art QCD predictions, which combine in the best cases approximate N$^4$LL resummation with N$^3$LO fixed-order perturbative calculations. The differential rapidity distributions integrated over $p_T$ are even more precise, with accuracies from $0.2-0.3$% for $|y| < 2.0$ to $0.4-0.9$% at higher rapidities, and are compared to fixed-order QCD predictions using the most recent parton distribution functions. The agreement between data and predictions is quite good in most cases.
Alticola Blanford 1881
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Alticola

description: Alticola Blanford 1881
Alticola Blanford 1881, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 50: 96.
Type Species: Arvicola stoliczkanus Blanford 1875
Species and subspecies: 12 species in 3 subgenera:
Subgenus Alticola (Alticola) Blanford 1881
Subgenus Alticola (Aschizomys) Miller 1899
Subgenus Alticola (Platycranius) Kastschenko 1901
Species Alticola (Alticola) albicaudus True 1894
Species Alticola (Alticola) argentatus (Severtzov 1879)
Species Alticola (Alticola) barakshin Bannikov 1947
Species Alticola (Aschizomys) lemminus Miller 1898
Species Alticola (Aschizomys) macrotis (Radde 1862)
Species Alticola (Alticola) montosa True 1894
Species Alticola (Aschizomys) olchonensis Litvinov 1960
Species Alticola (Alticola) roylei (Gray 1842)
Species Alticola (Alticola) semicanus G. M. Allen 1924
Species Alticola (Alticola) stoliczkanus (Blanford 1875)
Species Alticola (Platycranius) strelzowi Kastchenko 1899
Species Alticola (Alticola) tuvinicus Ognev 1950
Discussion: Myodini. Or placed in subtribe Myodina, Prometheomyini (Pavlinov and Rossolimo, 1998; Pavlinov et al., 1995 a). Alticola is broadly related to Myodes, an affinity early acknowledged by Hooper and Hart (1962), who associated Alticola with Clethrionomys (= Myodes), Eothenomys, Hyperacrius, Dinaromys, and Phenacomys in Clethrionomyini, a grouping later supported by Gromov and Polyakov (1977) and Mezhzherin et al. (1995). Appendicular myological and osteological traits reinforce the monophyly of Alticola and its close association with Myodes and Eothenomys (Stein, 1987). We follow Gromov and Polyakov (1977) and others (Hille and Stubbe, 1996; Pavlinov and Rossolimo, 1987; Pavlinov et al., 1995 a) who recognize the subgenera Alticola, Aschizomys, and Platycranius.
Alticola is implicated as polyphyletic in DNA-DNA hybridization studies that disclose Alticola macrotis as sister species to Myodes rufocanus and A. argentatus as sister species to M. rutilus and M. glareolus (Gileva et al., 1989). Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial genes also support closer relationship of A. macrotis to species of Myodes (Conroy and Cook, 1999). Since only two of the 11 species of Alticola have been thus far surveyed in molecular studies, its paraphyly relative to Myodes will require broader taxonomic sampling. Schwarz (1939) reviewed the Himalayan species, and cytogenetic results are documented by Hielscher et al. (1992). Phylogenetic analysis of electrophoretic data by Hille and Stubbe (1996) supported relationships among A. argentatus, A. barakshin, and A. semicanus, as proposed by Rossolimo and Pavlinov (1992).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 958, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Fustiaria stenoschiza Pilsbry & Sharp 1897
Creators: name: Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares
name: Scarabino, Victor
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Scaphopoda
Dentaliida
Fustiariidae
Fustiaria
Fustiaria stenoschiza

description: Fustiaria stenoschiza (Pilsbry & Sharp, 1897)
Figs. 53–56
+ Dentalium (Fustiaria) stenoschizum Pilsbry and Sharp 1897: 128, pl. 19, figs. 10–15; Henderson 1920: 86, pl. 15, figs. 8, 9; Abbott 1974: 387, fig. 4529.
+ Dentalium stenoschizum: Dall and Simpson 1901: 457.
+ Fustiaria stenoschiza: Steiner and Kabat 2001: 445; 2004: 647.
Type material
Syntypes ANSP 71081, 1 dd, ANSP 320994, 1 dd.
Type locality
West Indies (by original designation).
Material examined
Syntype ANSP 71081 of Fustiaria stenoschiza; IBUFRJ 10579, sta C22f, 8 dd; IBUFRJ 10587, sta C62, 1 lv, 2 dd; IBUFRJ 14248, sta 42, 3 dd.
Distribution
USA: Florida (Henderson 1920; Abbott 1974); Caribbean Sea: West Indies (Pilsbry & Sharp 1897); Porto Rico; Barbados (Henderson 1920); Brazil: Espírito Santo (this study). Living 96 m (present paper), shells 80 to 110 m.
Remarks
This species was reported from Indonesia (Boissevain 1906) and Australia (Lamprell & Healy 1998). Scarabino (1995) consider specimens identified by Boissevain (1906) as D. stenoschizum to represent F. nipponica (Yokoyama, 1922). Since the F. stenoschiza records from Australia in Lamprell and Healy (1998) were based on Boissevain (1906), their records must also be attributed to F. nipponica; the distribution of F. stenoschiza is, therefore, restrited to the western Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea.
Fustiaria stenoschiza differs from F. liodon by the long and regular slit (Figs. 54 and 56) and more rapidly tapering.
description: Published as part of Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares, Scarabino, Victor & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2006, Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844, pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 1267 on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173183
A Balanced Risk-Benefit Analysis to Determine Human Risks Associated with Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids (PA)—The Case of Herbal Medicinal Products Containing St. John’s Wort Extracts (SJW)
Creators: name: Habs, Michael
name: Binder, Karin
name: Krauss, Stefan
name: Müller, Karolina
name: Ernst, Brigitte
name: Valentini, Luzia
name: Koller, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA); risk-benefit analysis; St. John’s wort extract (SJW)
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objectives: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) exist ubiquitously in our environment. More than 6000 plants, about 3% of the world’s flowering plants, are known to synthesize PA. As a consequence, many herbal ingredients, including St. John’s wort (SJW), are contaminated with PA that can possess acute and subchronic toxic effects as well as mutagenic and genotoxic properties. Therefore, the possible benefits of SJW as an herbal remedy against depression need to be weighed against the possible risks of unwanted PA intake. Methods: We searched the literature regarding the current knowledge on PA and evaluated the evidence on the antidepressant effects of quantified SJW extract based on a Cochrane Review and the current practice guidelines on depression. Risks are depicted in form of a risk ladder and benefits in form of an icon array. Results: Evidence from clinical studies indicates that quantified SJW extract is an effective treatment option for mild to moderate depression with fewer side effects than conventional antidepressants. Health statistics from different countries do not quantify cases of death caused by PA intake. However, deaths due to suicide, often triggered by depression, are common (11 in 1000 in Germany in 2015) and rank between fatalities due to liver diseases (16 in 1000) and household accidents (10 in 1000). Conclusions: Quantified SJW extract is a safe and effective treatment option, and its potential of treating depression outweighs the (hypothetical) risk of unwanted PA intake.
Alticola (Alticola) Blanford 1881
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Alticola

description: Alticola (Alticola) Blanford 1881
Alticola (Alticola) Blanford 1881, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 50: 96.
Type Species: Arvicola (Alticola) stoliczkanus Blanford 1875
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 958, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Substance P modulates bone remodeling properties of murine osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Creators: name: Niedermair, Tanja
name: Schirner, Stephan
name: Seebröker, Raphael
name: Straub, Rainer H.
name: Grässel, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: NEUROKININ-1 RECEPTOR; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; MC3T3-E1 CELLS; STEM-CELLS; IN-VITRO; DIFFERENTIATION; RESORPTION; MINERALIZATION; TACHYKININ; MICE;
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Clinical observations suggest neuronal control of bone remodeling. Sensory nerve fibers innervating bone, bone marrow and periosteum signal via neurotransmitters including substance P (SP). In previous studies we observed impaired biomechanical and structural bone parameters in tachykinin (Tac) 1-deficient mice lacking SP. Here, we aim to specify effects of SP on metabolic parameters of bone marrow macrophage (BMM)/osteoclast cultures and osteoblasts isolated from Tac1-deficient and wildtype (WT) mice. We demonstrated endogenous SP production and secretion in WT bone cells. Absence of SP reduced bone resorption rate, as we found reduced numbers of precursor cells (BMM) and multinucleated osteoclasts and measured reduced cathepsin K activity in Tac1-/- BMM/osteoclast cultures. However, this might partly be compensated by reduced apoptosis rate and increased fusion potential of Tac1-/- precursor cells to enlarged "super" osteoclasts. Contrarily, increased ALP enzyme activity and apoptosis rate during early osteoblast differentiation accelerated osteogenesis and cell death in the absence of SP together with reduced ALP activity of Tac1-/- osteoblasts during late osteogenic differentiation resulting in reduced bone formation at later stages. Therefore, we suggest that absence of SP presumably results in a slight reduction of bone resorption rate but concomitantly in a critical reduction of bone formation and mineralization rate.
Sporadic Parkinson’s disease derived neuronal cells show disease-specific mRNA and small RNA signatures with abundant deregulation of piRNAs
Creators: name: Schulze, Markus
name: Sommer, Annika
name: Plötz, Sonja
name: Farrell, Michaela
name: Winner, Beate
name: Grosch, Janina
name: Winkler, Jürgen
name: Riemenschneider, Markus J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: PLURIPOTENT STEM-CELLS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DOPAMINE NEURONS; NONCODING RNAS; COPY NUMBER; METHYLATION; MEMORY; DATABASE; BRAIN; EXPRESSION; Methylation; PD; Induced pluripotent stem cells; iPSC; SINE; LINE
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Differentiated neurons established via iPSCs from patients that suffer from familial Parkinson's disease (PD) have allowed insights into the mechanisms of neurodegeneration. In the larger cohort of patients with sporadic PD, iPSC based information on disease specific cellular phenotypes is rare. We asked whether differences may be present on genomic and epigenomic levels and performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis of fibroblasts, iPSCs and differentiated neuronal cells of sporadic PD-patients and controls. We found that on mRNA level, although fibroblasts and iPSCs are largely indistinguishable, differentiated neuronal cells of sporadic PD patients show significant alterations enriched in pathways known to be involved in disease aetiology, like the CREB-pathway and the pathway regulating PGC1a. Moreover, miRNAs and piRNAs/piRNA-like molecules are largely differentially regulated in cells and post-mortem tissue samples between control-and PD-patients. The most striking differences can be found in piRNAs/piRNA-like molecules, with SINE-and LINE-derived piRNAs highly downregulated in a disease specific manner. We conclude that neuronal cells derived from sporadic PD-patients help to elucidate novel disease mechanisms and provide relevant insight into the epigenetic landscape of sporadic Parkinson's disease as particularly regulated by small RNAs.
Alticola (Platycranius) Kastschenko 1901
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Alticola

description: Alticola (Platycranius) Kastschenko 1901
Species and subspecies: 12 species:
Species Alticola (Alticola) albicaudus True 1894
Species Alticola (Alticola) argentatus (Severtzov 1879)
Species Alticola (Alticola) barakshin Bannikov 1947
Species Alticola (Aschizomys) lemminus Miller 1898
Species Alticola (Aschizomys) macrotis (Radde 1862)
Species Alticola (Alticola) montosa True 1894
Species Alticola (Aschizomys) olchonensis Litvinov 1960
Species Alticola (Alticola) roylei (Gray 1842)
Species Alticola (Alticola) semicanus G. M. Allen 1924
Species Alticola (Alticola) stoliczkanus (Blanford 1875)
Species Alticola (Platycranius) strelzowi Kastchenko 1899
Species Alticola (Alticola) tuvinicus Ognev 1950
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 958, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Episiphon Pilsbry & Sharp 1897
Creators: name: Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares
name: Scarabino, Victor
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Scaphopoda
Dentaliida
Gadilinidae
Episiphon

description: Episiphon Pilsbry & Sharp, 1897
Type species
Dentalium sowerbyi Guilding, 1834 (subsequent designation by Suter, 1913: 821).
Diagnosis
Shell small to medium, slightly curved, fragile, polished, shiny, white, cream, orange or red. Surface smooth, rarely minutely annulated; needle­shaped. Section subcircular or subtriangular, slightly compressed dorsoventrally, more on ventral side. Apex simple or truncate, with terminal callus, lumen circular, small. Short terminal pipe present.
description: Published as part of Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares, Scarabino, Victor & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2006, Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844, pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 1267 on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173183
Electrochemotherapy as a New Modality in Interventional Oncology: A Review
Creators: name: Probst, Ute
name: Fuhrmann, Irene
name: Beyer, Lukas
name: Wiggermann, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: electrochemotherapy, ECT, reversible electroporation, percutaneous, liver, hepatic, metastases, interventional oncology, bleomycin, hepatocellular carcinoma
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Electroporation is a well-known phenomenon that occurs at the cell membrane when cells are exposed to high-intensity electric pulses. Depending on electric pulse amplitude and number of pulses, applied electroporation can be reversible with membrane permeability recovery or irreversible. Reversible electroporation is used to introduce drugs or genetic material into the cell without affecting cell viability. Electrochemotherapy refers to a combined treatment: electroporation and drug injection to enhance its cytotoxic effect up to 1000-fold for bleomycin. Since several years, electrochemotherapy is gaining popularity as minimally invasive oncologic treatment. The adoption of electrochemotherapy procedure in interventional oncology poses several unsolved questions, since suitable tumor histology and size as well as therapeutic efficacy still needs to be deepen. Electrochemotherapy is usually applied in palliative settings for the treatment of patients with unresectable tumors to relieve pain and ameliorate quality of life. In most cases, it is used in the treatment of advanced stages of neoplasia when radical surgical treatment is not possible (eg, due to lesion location, size, and/or number). Further, electrochemotherapy allows treating tumor nodules in the proximity of important structures like vessels and nerves as the treatment does not involve tissue heating. Overall, the safety profile of electrochemotherapy is favorable. Most of the observed adverse events are local and transient, moderate local pain, erythema, edema, and muscle contractions during electroporation. The aim of this article is to review the recent published clinical experiences of electrochemotherapy use in deep-seated tumors with particular focus on liver cases. The principle of electrochemotherapy as well as the application to cutaneous metastases is briefly described. A short insight in the treatment of bone metastases, unresectable pancreas cancer, and soft tissue sarcoma will be given. Preclinical and clinical studies on treatment efficacy with electrochemotherapy of hepatic lesions and safety of the procedure adopted are discussed.
Labiobaetis atrebatinus
Creators: name: Wagner, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Baetidae
Labiobaetis
Labiobaetis atrebatinus

description: Critères d’identification de Labiobaetis atrebatinus
Larves
Dans la pratique, le regard est attiré par la forme très «rectiligne» de la larve de L. atrebatinus vue de profil (Fig. 16). Par cette forme, comme également par les denticulations importantes de la marge postérieure des tergites (Fig. 12), et les tergites souvent peu contrastés (comparer les figures 18 et 19), elle peut se rapprocher de Nigrobaetis niger (Linnaeus, 1761). Les tergites peuvent également être uniformément colorés avec seulement 4 taches claires comme chez certains Baetis liebenauae (comparer les figures 22 et 23) et Baetis buceratus Eaton, 1870.
Pour séparer L. atrebatinus de toutes les espèces de Baetidae suisses ou potentielles pour la Suisse, sont discriminants à eux seuls les caractères suivants: l’échancrure du 3ème segment du palpe maxillaire (Fig. 2), la présence d’un lobe apicolatéral sur le scape (Fig. 3), l’importance du «pouce» du palpe labial (Fig. 4), les deux tubercules de la mola gauche (voir flèches de la figure 5), les incisions dans le processus de la mola (Fig. 6b), les dents de la mola souvent composées de 2 segments (Figs 6a et 7) et les soies ramifiées proches de la marge antérieure du labre (Figs 14, 15). Autres critères qui peuvent être partagés avec d’autres espèces, mais dont la réunion est discriminante: de profil, forme générale rectiligne (Fig. 16); espace séparant les antennes très faible avec présence d’une carène comme chez Alainites muticus (Linnaeus, 1758) et Nigrobaetis niger; dents de la marge postérieure des tergites longues et pointues (Fig. 12); soies de la marge externe des fémurs peu nombreuses, courtes et épaisses (Figs 9, 11); 7 paires de branchies allongées (1,5–2 x la longueur du tergite suivant) (Figs 16, 18), à trachéation très contrastée (p. ex. Fig 22); coloration des larves très claire, peu contrastée, sans véritable dessin durant la croissance: partie latérale blanche et 1 (2) paires de taches blanches pouvant s’étendre sur la partie dorsale des tergites (Figs 18, 21); en fin de croissance, 2 paires de taches claires plus ou moins allongées et fusionnées sur fond foncé (Figs 20, 22).
A l’aide des 7 premiers caractères proposés (chacun étant discriminant à lui seul), l’identification formelle ne pose aucun problème.
Imagos
C’est la seule espèce de Baetidae présente en Suisse, avec Acentrella sinaica Bogoescu, 1931, ne possédant pas de processus costal aux ailes postérieures. La description complète se trouve dans Müller-Liebenau (1969).
description: Published as part of Wagner, André, 2018, Labiobaetis atrebatinus (Eaton, 1870) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae): première mention pour la Suisse et remarques sur l'identification des larves, pp. 117-127 in Entomo Helvetica 11 on pages 120-124, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986029, http://zenodo.org/record/8037629
The Baryonic Mass Estimates of the Milky Way Halo in the form of High Velocity Clouds
Creators: name: Tahir, Noraiz
name: Corredoira, Martin Lopez
name: De Paolis, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The halo of our Galaxy is populated with a significant number of high-velocity clouds (HVCs) moving with a speed up to $500$ km/s. It is suggested that these HVCs might contain a non-negligible fraction of the missing baryons. The main aim of the current paper is to estimate the baryonic mass of the Milky Way halo in the form of HVCs in order to constrain a fraction of missing baryons in the form of these clouds. Such findings would give substantial help in the studying halo dynamics of our Galaxy.
 We first estimate the HVCs distance. We consider the most recent and updated HVC catalog, namely the Galactic All Sky Survey (GASS), which, however, covers the southern sky declinations, south of $b \leq 60^\circ$. Following a model presented in the literature, we assume that most of the HVCs (not all of the HVCs in the Milky Way) were ejected from the Magellanic Clouds (MCls) which is at a distance of about 50 kpc. We assume that the HVCs have a temperature in the range of about $10^2 - 10^4$ K, and are distributed in the Galactic halo as the Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile. Since the GASS survey covers a small portion of the sky, we estimate the number of missing clouds by using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The next step will be to estimate the total mass of the Milky Way contained in the form of these HVCs. The total mass resulted to be $\sim (7 \pm 2) \times 10^{9} M_{\odot}$ in the form of HVCs and compact high-velocity clouds (CHVCs).
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, published in New Astronomy
Alticola (Alticola) albicaudus True 1894
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Alticola
Alticola albicaudus

description: Alticola (Alticola) albicaudus True 1894
Alticola (Alticola) albicaudus True 1894, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., 17: 12.
Type Locality: India, Baltistan, Braldu Valley.
Vernacular Names: White-tailed Mountain Vole.
Synonyms: Alticola (Alticola) acmaeus Schwarz 1939.
Distribution: Himalayan portions of Baltistan (Braldu Valley, Nahr Nulla) and Ladakh (Phyang Nulla), NW India (Rossolimo and Pavlinov, 1992; Rossolimo et al., 1994).
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (nt).
Discussion: Subgenus Alticola, A. roylei-A. argentatus species group (Rossolimo and Pavlinov, 1992). Although usually included in A. roylei (Corbet, 1978 c; Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951; Gromov and Polyakov, 1977), Hinton (1926 a) earlier pointed out the diagnostic specific traits of albicaudus. Rossolimo and Pavlinov (1992) verified this ranking, fully redescribed the species, and contrasted it with morphologically similar forms. Schwarz’s (1939) acmaeus represents another population of A. albicaudus (Rossolimo and Pavlinov, 1992; our study of holotype).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 958, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Hepatobiliary MRI: Signal intensity based assessment of liver function correlated to 13C-Methacetin breath test
Creators: name: Haimerl, Michael
name: Probst, Ute
name: Poelsterl, Stefanie
name: Beyer, Lukas
name: Fellner, Claudia
name: Selgrad, Michael
name: Hornung, Matthias
name: Stroszczynski, Christian
name: Wiggermann, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: GD-EOB-DTPA; LIMAX TEST; ENHANCED MRI; HEPATIC-FUNCTION; CONTRAST AGENT; PARENCHYMAL ENHANCEMENT; CLINICAL-EVALUATION; FUNCTION CAPACITY; CIRRHOSIS; PHASE;
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) is a paramagnetic MRI contrast agent with raising popularity and has been used for evaluation of imaging-based liver function in recent years. In order to verify whether liver function as determined by real-time breath analysis using the intravenous administration of C-13-methacetin can be estimated quantitatively from Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI using signal intensity (SI) values. 110 patients underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced 3-T MRI and, for the evaluation of liver function, a C-13-methacetin breath test (C-13-MBT). SI values from before (SIpre) and 20 min after (SIpost) contrast media injection were acquired by T1-weighted volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequences with fat suppression. The relative enhancement (RE) between the plain and contrast-enhanced SI values was calculated and evaluated in a correlation analysis of C-13-MBT values to SIpost and RE to obtain a SI-based estimation of C-13-MBT values. The simple regression model showed a log-linear correlation of C-13-MBT values with SIpost and RE (p < 0.001). Stratified by 3 different categories of C-13-MBT readouts, there was a constant significant decrease in both SIpost (p <= 0.002) and RE (p <= 0.033) with increasing liver disease progression as assessed by the C-13-MBT. Liver function as determined using real-time C-13-methacetin breath analysis can be estimated quantitatively from GdEOB- DTPA-enhanced MRI using SI-based indices.
Episiphon didymum Watson 1879
Creators: name: Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares
name: Scarabino, Victor
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Scaphopoda
Dentaliida
Gadilinidae
Episiphon
Episiphon didymum

description: Episiphon didymum (Watson, 1879)
Fig. 57
+ Dentalium didymum Watson 1879: 517; 1886: 10, pl. 1, fig. 11.
+ Dentalium ensiculus var. didymum: Pilsbry and Sharp 1897: 123, pl. 7, fig. 20.
+ Dentalium (Bathoxiphus) didymum: Henderson 1920: 83, pl. 14, fig. 10; Maury 1922: 39; Turner 1955: 314.
+ Dentalium (Episiphon) johnsoni Emerson 1952: 5, pl. 1, fig. 2; Penna­Neme 1974: 114.
+ Episiphon didymum: Scarabino 1985: 200, pl. 73, fig. 1024; 1994: 308, pl. 107, fig. 1512; Díaz and Puyana 1994: 257, pl. 71, fig. 1044; Steiner and Kabat 2001: 444; 2004: 584.
+ Episiphon didymus: Redfern 2001: 190, pl. 76, figs. 782a, 782b.
Type material
Syntypes BMNH 1887.2.9.43–44, 2 dd.
Type locality
off Culebra Island, Challenger sta 24, 18 º38’30"N, 65º05’30"W, 712 m (by original designation).
Diagnosis
Shell to 10 mm long, slender, solid, almost straight, yellow­white, smooth, glossy. Apical, oral diameters nearly equal. Apical callous present, non­centric, lumen small. An extended pipe often present. Section subtriangular to suboval throughout.
Material examined
IBUFRJ 14310, sta C13, 1 dd.
Distribution
Caribbean Sea: South Dry Tortugas (Turner 1955); Porto Rico (Emerson 1952); Barbados (Henderson 1920); North of St. Thomas, Virgin Islands (Emerson 1952), off Culebra Island (Watson 1879; Emerson 1952); Colombia (Díaz & Puyana 1994); Bahamas (Redfern 2001); Brazil: off Amapá and Maranhão (Penna­Neme 1974; Scarabino 1985, 1994), Bahia (this study). Living 439 m (Emerson 1952), shells 60 to 830 m (Emerson 1952; Penna­Neme 1974).
Remarks
Emerson (1952) stated that mature specimens range from 17 to 28 mm long, with the Brazilian specimen being shorter. The shell illustrated by Abbott (1974: 387, fig. 4525) as Dentalium (Bathoxiphus) didymum do not fit to this species, being notably more curved.
description: Published as part of Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares, Scarabino, Victor & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2006, Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844, pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 1267 on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173183
Postoperative cellular stress in the kidney is associated with an early systemic γδ T-cell immune cell response
Creators: name: Göcze, Ivan
name: Ehehalt, Katharina
name: Zeman, Florian
name: Riquelme, Paloma
name: Pfister, Karin
name: Graf, Bernhard M.
name: Bein, Thomas
name: Geissler, Edward K.
name: Kasprzak, Piotr
name: Schlitt, Hans J.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Hutchinson, James A.
name: Eggenhofer, Elke
name: Renner, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; CYCLE ARREST BIOMARKERS; RECEPTOR; INFLAMMATION; VALIDATION; DISEASE; TLR4; LUNG; Tubular cell stress; Aortic surgery; Immunosurveillance gamma delta T cells; Ischemia-reperfusion injury
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Basic science data suggest that acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inflammatory process involving the adaptive immune response. Little is known about the T-cell contribution in the very early phase, so we investigated if tubular cellular stress expressed by elevated cell cycle biomarkers is associated with early changes in circulating T-cell subsets, applying a bedside-to-bench approach. Methods: Our observational pilot study included 20 consecutive patients undergoing endovascular aortic repair for aortic aneurysms affecting the renal arteries, thereby requiring brief kidney hypoperfusion and reperfusion. Clinical-grade flow cytometry-based immune monitoring of peripheral immune cell populations was conducted perioperatively and linked to tubular cell stress biomarkers ([TIMP-2]center dot[IGFBP7]) immediately after surgery. To confirm clinical results and prove T-cell infiltration in the kidney, we simulated tubular cellular injury in an established mouse model of mild renal IRI. Results: A significant correlation between tubular cell injury and a peripheral decline of gamma delta T cells, but no other T-cell subpopulation, was discovered within the first 24 hours (r = 0.53; p = 0.022). Turning to a mouse model of kidney warm IRI, a similar decrease in circulating.d T cells was found and concomitantly was associated with a 6.65-fold increase in.d T cells (p = 0.002) in the kidney tissue without alterations in other T-cell subsets, consistent with our human data. In search of a mechanistic driver of IRI, we found that the damage-associated molecule high-mobility group box 1 protein HMGB1 was significantly elevated in the peripheral blood of clinical study subjects after tubular cell injury (p = 0.019). Correspondingly, HMGB1 RNA content was significantly elevated in the murine kidney. Conclusions: Our investigation supports a hypothesis that.d T cells are important in the very early phase of human AKI and should be considered when designing clinical trials aimed at preventing kidney damage.
"zpt_y1_y2.txt" of "A precise measurement of the Z-boson double-differential transverse momentum and rapidity distributions in the full phase space of the decay leptons with the ATLAS experiment at $\sqrt s$ = 8 TeV"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2024

description: Correlation for $p_T$ cross section between 0.4 < |y| < 0.8 and 0.8 < |y| < 1.2
description: CERN-LHC. This paper presents for the first time a precise measurement of the production properties of the $Z$ boson in the full phase space of the decay leptons. This is in contrast to the many previous precise unfolded measurements performed in the fiducial phase space of the decay leptons. The measurement is obtained from proton--proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb$^{-1}$. The results, based on a total of 15.3 million $Z$-boson decays to electron and muon pairs, extend and improve a previous measurement of the full set of angular coefficients describing $Z$-boson decay. The double-differential cross-section distributions in $Z$-boson transverse momentum $p_T$ and rapidity $y$ are measured in the pole region, defined as $80 < m_{\ell\ell} < 100$ GeV, over the range $|y| < 3.6$. The total uncertainty of the normalised cross-section measurements in the peak region of the $p_T$ distribution is dominated by statistical uncertainties over the full range and increases as a function of rapidity from $0.5-1.0$% for $|y| < 2.0$ to $2-7$% at higher rapidities. The results for the rapidity-dependent transverse momentum distributions are compared to state-of-the-art QCD predictions, which combine in the best cases approximate N$^4$LL resummation with N$^3$LO fixed-order perturbative calculations. The differential rapidity distributions integrated over $p_T$ are even more precise, with accuracies from $0.2-0.3$% for $|y| < 2.0$ to $0.4-0.9$% at higher rapidities, and are compared to fixed-order QCD predictions using the most recent parton distribution functions. The agreement between data and predictions is quite good in most cases.
Episiphon sowerbyi Guilding 1834
Creators: name: Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares
name: Scarabino, Victor
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Scaphopoda
Dentaliida
Gadilinidae
Episiphon
Episiphon sowerbyi

description: Episiphon sowerbyi (Guilding, 1834)
Figs. 58–59
+ Dentalium sowerbyi Guilding 1834: 35, pl. 3, fig. 7.
+ Dentalium (Episiphon) sowerbyi: Henderson 1920: 77; Maury 1922: 38; Turner 1955: 314; Abbott 1974: 387.
+ Dentalium (Episiphon) sowerbyi sowerbyi: Henderson 1920: 79, pl. 13, figs. 2, 3, 10.
+ Dentalium (Episiphon) sowerbyi pelliceri Henderson 1920: 80, pl. 13, figs. 7–9.
+ Episiphon sowerbyi: Scarabino 1985: 200, pl. 73, fig. 1025; 1994: 308, pl. 107, fig. 1513; Redfern 2001: 191, pl. 76, fig. 783; Steiner and Kabat 2001: 444; 2004: 645.
Type material
not located.
Type locality
"in arenosis Oceani Caribaei" (by original designation).
Diagnosis
shell small (to 10 mm), slender, fine, slightly curved, translucent yellow. Close rings at apical portion fade through center of shell. Apical callous conspicuous, usually with short pipe. Oral, apical sections sligthly laterally compressed, lumen wide.
Material examined
IBUFRJ 10967, sta 1f, 1 dd; IBUFRJ 14250, sta C13, 2 dd; IBUFRJ 14251, sta 504, 3 dd; IBUFRJ 14311, sta 52, 1 dd.
Distribution
USA: North Carolina, Florida (Henderson 1920; Turner 1955); gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea: Cuba; Barbados (Henderson 1920; Lewis 1965); Brazil: off Amapá and Canyon of Amazon river (Scarabino 1985, 1994), Bahia and Rio de Janeiro (this study). Living 13 m to 150–200 m (Lewis 1965), shells down to 830 m (present paper).
Remarks
Episiphon sowerbyi differs from Ep. didymum by the presence of transversal rings in shell surface. This ringed sculpture fades at the middle of the shell in our specimens, but entire sculptured specimens were mentioned by Henderson (1920: pl. 13, fig. 10). Figure 59 shown detail of the ring sculpture under SEM magnification, and we could observe a papillated pattern of sculpture in these rings.
description: Published as part of Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares, Scarabino, Victor & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2006, Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844, pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 1267 on pages 27-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173183
Combinatory Biomarker Use of Cortical Thickness, MUNIX, and ALSFRS-R at Baseline and in Longitudinal Courses of Individual Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Creators: name: Wirth, Anna M.
name: Khomenko, Andrei
name: Baldaranov, Dobri
name: Kobor, Ines
name: Hsam, Ohnmar
name: Grimm, Thomas
name: Johannesen, Siw
name: Bruun, Tim-Henrik
name: Schulte-Mattler, Wilhelm
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
name: Bogdahn, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; NUMBER INDEX MUNIX; MOTOR-NEURON LOSS; WHOLE-BRAIN; MRI; INVOLVEMENT; DISEASE; MUSCLES; ATROPHY; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; magnetic resonance imaging; cortical thickness; MUNIX; ALSFRS-R
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative process affecting upper and lower motor neurons as well as non-motor systems. In this study, precentral and postcentral cortical thinning detected by structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were combined with clinical (ALS-specific functional rating scale revised, ALSFRS-R) and neurophysiological (motor unit number index, MUNIX) biomarkers in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Methods: The unicenter sample included 20 limb-onset classical ALS patients compared to 30 age-related healthy controls. ALS patients were treated with standard Riluzole and additional long-term G-CSF (Filgrastim) on a named patient basis after written informed consent. Combinatory biomarker use included cortical thickness of atlas-based dorsal and ventral subdivisions of the precentral and postcentral cortex, ALSFRS-R, and MUNIX for the musculus abductor digiti minimi (ADM) bilaterally Individual cross-sectional analysis investigated individual cortical thinning in ALS patients compared to age-related healthy controls in the context of state of disease at initial MRI scan. Beyond correlation analysis of biomarkers at cross-sectional group level (n = 20), longitudinal monitoring in a subset of slow progressive ALS patients (n = 4) explored within-subject temporal dynamics of repeatedly assessed biomarkers in time courses over at least 18 months. Results: Cross-sectional analysis demonstrated individually variable states of cortical thinning, which was most pronounced in the ventral section of the precentral cortex. Correlations of ALSFRS-R with cortical thickness and MUNIX were detected. Individual longitudinal biomarker monitoring in four slow progressive ALS patients revealed evident differences in individual disease courses and temporal dynamics of the biomarkers. Conclusion: A combinatory use of structural MRI, neurophysiological and clinical biomarkers allows for an appropriate and detailed assessment of clinical state and course of disease of ALS.
Nemoleontini Banks 1911
Creators: name: Badano, Davide
name: Pantaleoni, Roberto Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Myrmeleontidae

description: Tribe Nemoleontini Banks, 1911
Diagnosis of 3 rd instar larva. Head capsule with prominent ocular tubercles; mandibles usually equipped with three parallel teeth; apical tooth at least as long as the median tooth, often longer; labial palpi ordinarily fourarticulated, segments 2–4 longer than the basal width of the mandible. Mesothoracic spiracles raised on tubercle. Thoracic setiferous processes pedunculated; in some genera also the abdomen provided with peduncolated setiferous processes. Odontoid processes on the VIII abdominal sternite present or absent according to the genus; IX abdominal sternite wider than long, bearing rastra equipped with digging setae.
Biological notes. The larvae are ambush hunters able to move both forward and backward.
Comments. This widespread tribe is the largest and most diverse of the whole family Myrmeleontidae, though poorly defined and lacking precise apomorphic characters (Stange 2004). The larvae of only a handful of genera are exhaustively described and the diagnostic characters are often not well defined, due to the considerable variation observed within the tribe. In particular, the larvae of some extra-Palaearctic genera considerably differ in the development of abdominal setiferous processes and, in some cases, in the reduction in the number of mandibular teeth and labial palpomeres (Miller & Stange 1985; Stange 2004).
description: Published as part of Badano, Davide & Pantaleoni, Roberto Antonio, 2014, The larvae of European Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera), pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 3762 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3762.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4909357
Alticola (Alticola) argentatus
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Alticola
Alticola argentatus

description: Alticola (Alticola) argentatus (Severtzov 1879)
[Alticola (Alticola)] argentatus (Severtzov 1879), Izv. Soc. Nat. Anthrop. Etnogr., 8 (2): 82.
Type Locality: Tajikistan, Pamir Mountains, Murgab District, Alichur.
Vernacular Names: Silver Mountain Vole.
Synonyms: Alticola (Alticola) alaica Rosanov 1935; Alticola (Alticola) argurus (Thomas 1909); Alticola (Alticola) blanfordi (Scully 1880); Alticola (Alticola) gracilis Kashkarov 1923; Alticola (Alticola) lahulius Hinton 1926; Alticola (Alticola) leucurus (Severtsov 1873); Alticola (Alticola) longicauda Kashkarov 1923; Alticola (Alticola) longicaudata Ognev 1950; Alticola (Alticola) parvidens Schlitter and Setzer 1973; Alticola (Alticola) phasma Miller 1912; Alticola (Alticola) rosanovi Ognev 1940; Alticola (Alticola) saurica Afanasiev and Bazhanov 1948; Alticola (Alticola) shnitnikovi Ognev 1940; Alticola (Alticola) severtzovi (Tichomirov and Korchagin 1889); Alticola (Alticola) subluteus Thomas 1914; Alticola (Alticola) tarasovi Rossolimo and Pavlinov 1992; Alticola (Alticola) villosa Kashkarov 1923; Alticola (Alticola) worthingtoni Miller 1906.
Distribution: Tien Shan mountains from Xinjiang in NW China (Ma et al., 1987); southwest through mountains of E Kazakhstan (Dzhungarskiy Alatau and other highlands) and Kyrgyzstan (Talasskiy Alatau and other local ranges); to Pamir Mtns of S Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, NW India (Agrawal, 2000, discussed under A. blanfordi), and the Hindu Kush of NW Pakistan and N Afghanistan; not present in Tibet or Himalayas.
Conservation: IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Subgenus Alticola, A. roylei-A. argentatus species group. Included under A. roylei by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951) and Corbet (1978 c), but separated as a species by Rossolimo (1989) and Rossolimo and Pavlinov (1992). Rossolimo and Pavlinov (1992) speculated that A. argentatus descended from a Himalayan form morphologically similar to A. roylei, and in turn was the ancestor to northern A. tuvinicus. Trait-frequency data of m1s and M3s among 10 geographic samples documented by Tokmergenov (1992); M3 variation analyzed with geometric techniques by Pavlinov et al. (1994). See Rossolimo et al. (1994) for recognized subspecies.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae, pp. 955-1189 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 958, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Entalina Monterosato 1872
Creators: name: Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares
name: Scarabino, Victor
name: Absalão, Ricardo Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Scaphopoda
Gadilida
Entalinidae
Entalina

description: Entalina Monterosato, 1872
Type species
Dentalium tetragonum Brocchi, 1814 (original designation).
Diagnosis
Shell medium to large, well curved, solid, polished translucent white when fresh, chalky when dead. Four to five primary ribs, secondary riblets present. Rib section flatrounded, simple­bifurcated. Intercostal spaces straight­convex, smooth­longitudinally sculptured. Apex simple. Section pentagonal at apex; pentagonal­quadrate at aperture.
description: Published as part of Caetano, Carlos Henrique Soares, Scarabino, Victor & Absalão, Ricardo Silva, 2006, Scaphopoda (Mollusca) from the Brazilian continental shelf and upper slope (13 º to 21 ºS) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Cadulus Philippi, 1844, pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 1267 on page 29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173183
Empagliflozin reduces Ca/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activity in isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes
Creators: name: Mustroph, Julian
name: Wagemann, Olivia
name: Lücht, Charlotte M.
name: Trum, Maximilian
name: Hammer, Karin P.
name: Sag, Can Martin
name: Lebek, Simon
name: Tarnowski, Daniel
name: Reinders, Jörg
name: Perbellini, Filippo
name: Terracciano, Cesare
name: Schmid, Christof
name: Schopka, Simon
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Zausig, York
name: Pabel, Steffen
name: Sossalla, Samuel T.
name: Schweda, Frank
name: Maier, Lars S.
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: EXCHANGER; OUTCOMES; DISEASE; TRIAL; Empagliflozin; Heart failure; CaMKII; Calcium; Ca leak
subject: 610 Medizin

description: AimsThe EMPA-REG OUTCOME study showed reduced mortality and hospitalization due to heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients treated with empagliflozin. Overexpression and Ca2+-dependent activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) are hallmarks of HF, leading to contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias. We tested whether empagliflozin reduces CaMKII- activity and improves Ca2+-handling in human and murine ventricular myocytes. Methods and resultsMyocytes from wild-type mice, mice with transverse aortic constriction (TAC) as a model of HF, and human failing ventricular myocytes were exposed to empagliflozin (1mol/L) or vehicle. CaMKII activity was assessed by CaMKII-histone deacetylase pulldown assay. Ca2+ spark frequency (CaSpF) as a measure of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak was investigated by confocal microscopy. [Na+](i) was measured using Na+/Ca2+-exchanger (NCX) currents (whole-cell patch clamp). Compared with vehicle, 24h empagliflozin exposure of murine myocytes reduced CaMKII activity (1.60.7 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.9, P<0.05, n=10 mice), and also CaMKII-dependent ryanodine receptor phosphorylation (0.8 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.1, P<0.05, n=11 mice), with similar results upon TAC. In murine myocytes, empagliflozin reduced CaSpF (TAC: 1.7 +/- 0.3 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.4 1/100m(-1)s(-1), P<0.05, n=4 mice) but increased SR Ca2+ load and Ca2+ transient amplitude. Importantly, empagliflozin also significantly reduced CaSpF in human failing ventricular myocytes (1 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.3 +/- 0.9, P<0.05, n=4 patients), while Ca2+ transient amplitude was increased (F/F-0: 0.53 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.36 +/- 0.02, P<0.05, n=3 patients). In contrast, 30min exposure with empagliflozin did not affect CaMKII activity nor Ca2+-handling but significantly reduced [Na+](i). ConclusionsWe show for the first time that empagliflozin reduces CaMKII activity and CaMKII-dependent SR Ca2+ leak. Reduced Ca2+ leak and improved Ca2+ transients may contribute to the beneficial effects of empagliflozin in HF.