cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PAH concentrations and exposure assessment from house dust retained in air-conditioning filters collected from Greater Doha, Qatar
Creators: name: Mahfouz, Mohamed M.
name: Hassan, Hassan M.
name: Elobaid, Elnaiem A.
name: Yigiterhan, Oguz
name: Alfoldy, Balint
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound in dust retained in air-conditioning unit filters from 13 households in Greater Doha, Qatar, were quantified using GC–MS spectrometry. The median concentrations of ∑16PAH and ∑7PAH were 218.0 ng g−1 (± 125.3) and 112.1 ng g−1 (± 60.2) dry weight, respectively. Results show that except one sample, three- and four-benzene-ring PAHs were dominant in all dust samples. Phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, benzene(a)anthracene, and chrysene were dominant in 12 samples with maximum concentrations of 69.7 ng g−1 (± 24.0), 92.9 ng g−1 (± 28.1), 60.4 ng g−1 (± 14.7), 38.6 ng g−1 (± 7.3), and 14.7 ng g−1 (± 3.5), respectively. Benzo(k)fluoranthene has the most abundance of the quantified PAHs in the dust samples accounting for 19% of the total PAHs. Although Kriging interpolation shows a spatial variation of PAHs from north to south of Greater Doha, the mean concentrations in both directions were statically insignificant. Five samples displayed levels of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) with maximum and median concentrations at 110.8 ng g−1 and 49.9 (± 28.4) dry weight, respectively. Benzo(a)pyrene equivalent approach $$\left( {{\text{BaP}}_{\text{E}} } \right)$$ was applied to assess carcinogenic exposure, and the resulting values (1.3–116.4 ng g−1) indicate that the levels observed were below the values reported for other countries within the region. Estimated daily ingestion (EDI) rates of PAHs retained in ACU filters were assessed for five age-groups < 1, 1–2, 3–6, 11–16, and > 19 years and were 0.39 (± 0.1), 0.33 (± 0.1), 0.20 (± 0.02), 0.07 (± 0.02), and 0.05 (± 0.01) ng kg−1/day, respectively. Source apportionment estimate indicates PAHs bound in dust retained in ACU filters are originated from pyrogenic sources.Other Information Published in: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-019-00271-0
Simple and effective neural-free soft-cluster embeddings for item cold-start recommendations
Creators: name: Puthiya Parambath, Shameem A.
name: Chawla, Sanjay
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Applied computing
Distributed computing and systems software

description: Recommender systems are widely used in online platforms for easy exploration of personalized content. The best available recommendation algorithms are based on using the observed preference information among collaborating entities. A significant challenge in recommender system continues to be item cold-start recommendation: how to effectively recommend items with no observed or past preference information. Here we propose a two-stage algorithm based on soft clustering to provide an efficient solution to this problem. The crux of our approach lies in representing the items as soft-cluster embeddings in the space spanned by the side-information associated with the items. Though many item embedding approaches have been proposed for item cold-start recommendations in the past—and simple as they might appear—to the best of our knowledge, the approach based on soft-cluster embeddings has not been proposed in the research literature. Our experimental results on four benchmark datasets conclusively demonstrate that the proposed algorithm makes accurate recommendations in item cold-start settings compared to the state-of-the-art algorithms according to commonly used ranking metrics like Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG) and Mean Average Precision (MAP). The performance of our proposed algorithm on the MovieLens 20M dataset clearly demonstrates the scalability aspect of our algorithm compared to other popular algorithms. We also propose the metricCold Items Precision(CIP) to quantify the ability of a system to recommend cold-start items. CIP can be used in conjunction with relevance ranking metrics like NDCG and MAP to measure the effectiveness of the cold-start recommendation algorithm.Other Information Published in: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10618-020-00708-6
Psychosocial and Clinical Profiles of the Cases Visiting the Emergency Department Due to Accidental Self-harm and Suicide Attempts in Doha, Qatar: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Al-Amin, Hassen
name: Singh, Rajvir
name: Abdulrazzak, Mohamad
name: Ghuloum, Suhaila
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences
Public health

description: The aims of this study were to retrospectively assess the profiles of subjects with suicide attempts and self-harm in Doha, Qatar; and whether the available data were complete. We reviewed all the records of fatal and non-fatal suicides together with accidental self-ham cases seen in the major Emergency Department in Doha, over a one-year period. There was 37 completed suicide, mostly male expatriates in mid 30 s who died by hanging. In cases with suicide intent (N = 270), more males were admitted to Psychiatry than women. Overdose was the common method and the majority had mood disorders. In self-harm cases with no suicide intent (N = 150) the majority were not seen by Psychiatry. The profiles of suicide cases in Qatar are similar to those reported internationally. However, there is a major need to establish a comprehensive system to register and assess all self-harm patients in Qatar.Other Information Published in: Community Mental Health Journal
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-020-00650-3
Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients Receiving Antipsychotics: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Hammoudeh, Samer
name: Al Lawati, Hawra
name: Ghuloum, Suhaila
name: Iram, Huma
name: Yehya, Arij
name: Becetti, Imen
name: Al-fakhri, Nora
name: Ghabrash, Hany
name: Shehata, Mena
name: Ajmal, Nighat
name: Amro, Iman
name: Safdar, Hira
name: Eltorki, Yassin
name: Al-Amin, Hassen
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences
Public health

description: This study aimed to assess the differential effects of first-generation (FGA) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) on the prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome among mentally ill patients in Qatar. We also wanted to check if there is proper adherence with the guidelines for prescribing antipsychotics and the monitoring of metabolic effects in this population. We collected the available retrospective data (socio-demographic, psychiatric, anthropometric, and metabolic measures) from the records of 439 patients maintained on antipsychotics. The majority were males, married, employed, having a psychotic disorder, and receiving SGA. Patients on SGA showed more obesity, higher BP, and more elevated triglycerides compared to those on FGA. The prevalence of the abnormal metabolic measures was high in this sample, but those on SGA showed a significantly higher prevalence of abnormal body mass index and BP. Obesity and hypertension were common in patients maintained on antipsychotics, especially those on SGA. Polypharmacy was common, and many metabolic measures were not monitored properly in those maintained on antipsychotics. More prospective studies with guided monitoring of the patients' clinical status and metabolic changes are needed to serve better this population of patients.Other Information Published in: Community Mental Health Journal
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-019-00537-y
Carrier Lifetime Studies of Strongly Compensated p-Type Czochralski Silicon
Creators: name: Macdonald, D.
name: Cuevas, A.
name: Di Sabatino, M.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 951-957
description: Carrier lifetimes have been measured in compensated p-type single-crystal silicon wafers. Trace amounts of interstitial iron were found to provide a convenient method for measuring the total concentrations of acceptors and donors in this material, based on measuring the re-pairing rate of iron-acceptor pairs, coupled with resistivity measurements and a suitable mobility model. The results were found to be in good agreement with dopant concentrations measured independently by glow-discharge mass spectrometry. In addition, there appears to be a reduction in the bulk lifetime in compensated wafers when compared to non-compensated wafers of similar net doping. Possible mechanisms behind this reduction are discussed.
Geochemical equilibrium determination using an artificial neural network in compositional reservoir flow simulation
Creators: name: Guérillot, Dominique
name: Bruyelle, Jérémie
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Numerical and computational mathematics

description: The fluid injection in sedimentary formations may generate geochemical interactions between the fluids and the rock minerals, e.g., CO2 storage in a depleted reservoir or a saline aquifer. To simulate such reactive transfer processes, geochemical equations (equilibrium and kinetics equations) are coupled with compositional flows in porous media in order to represent, for example, precipitation/dissolution phenomena. The aim of the decoupled approach proposed consists in replacing the geochemical equilibrium solver with a substitute method to bypass the huge consuming time required to balance the geochemical system while keeping an accurate equilibrium calculation. This paper focuses on the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) to determine the geochemical equilibrium instead of solving geochemical equations system. To illustrate the proposed workflow, a 3D case study of CO2 storage in geological formation is presented.Other Information Published in: Computational Geosciences
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10596-019-09861-4
Social cognitive theory and women’s career choices: an agent—based model simulation
Creators: name: Mozahem, Najib A.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Applied mathematics
Numerical and computational mathematics

description: An agent-based model is proposed and tested. This model aims to simulate agency as conceptualized in Bandura's (Am Psychol 37:122–147, 1982; Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 50:248–287; Annu Rev Psychol 52: 1–26) Social cognitive theory. Social cognitive theory has been used to explain the continued underrepresentation of females in certain fields, most notably fields that are associated with engineering and technology. The theory proposes that agents acquire information from four different sources, and then, through a process of reciprocal interaction, these agents develop their perception of self-efficacy. In this study, an agent-based model is used to model this interaction. The output from the simulation supports the validity of the model used and illustrates how agency "emerges" from the triadic interaction. The model successfully simulates several of the theorized aspects of social cognitive theory. The simulation results reveal that even small gendered differences can lead to female misrepresentation in certain fields. The model also shows that female discouragement plays a larger role than male encouragement in female underrepresentation. The implications of these results are discussed. Finally, the limitations of the model are discussed, along with directions for future research.Other Information Published in: Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10588-020-09317-6
One- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with a diamond quantum sensor
Creators: name: Boss, J. M.
name: Chang, K.
name: Armijo, J.
name: Cujia, K.
name: Rosskopf, T.
name: Maze, J. R.
name: Degen, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Fourier spectroscopy experiments performed with near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centers in a diamond chip. By detecting the free precession of nuclear spins rather than applying a multipulse quantum sensing protocol, we are able to unambiguously identify the NMR species devoid of harmonics. We further show that by engineering different Hamiltonians during free precession, the hyperfine coupling parameters as well as the nuclear Larmor frequency can be selectively measured with high precision (here 5 digits). The protocols can be combined to demonstrate two-dimensional Fourier spectroscopy. The technique will be useful for mapping nuclear coordinates in molecules en route to imaging their atomic structure.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Evapotranspiration and water availability response to climate change in the Middle East and North Africa
Creators: name: Ajjur, Salah Basem
name: Al-Ghamdi, Sami G.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Atmospheric sciences

description: Quantifying the impact of climate change on evapotranspiration is necessary for devising accurate water and energy budgets in light of global warming. Nevertheless, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), little has been done to bridge this gap. This study, then, implements Penman and Budyko approaches to climatic data retrieved from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) to assess evapotranspiration and water availability evolutions through the twenty-first century. Outcomes reveal that the MENA region is indeed vulnerable to a surge in temperature, which can increase evapotranspiration losses and decrease water availability. Under the shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP2-4.5), the potential evapotranspiration (PET) has been projected to increase throughout the MENA region by up to 0.37 mm per year during the middle of the twenty-first century (2021–2050) and by up to 0.51 mm per year during the end of the twenty-first century (2071–2100). Meanwhile, the actual evapotranspiration (AET) has been projected to increase by up to 0.3 (~0.2) mm per year before 2050 (2100). The trends in both projections (PET and AET) are exaggerated under SSP5-8.5. The analysis predicted a shortage of water availability (precipitation—AET), which is alarming for most MENA regions. Relative to the reference period (1981–2010), the decline in annual water availability would reach 26 (62) mm by 2100 under SSP2-4.5 (SSP5-8.5). The rise in temperatures appears to be the principal reason for MENA and water availability responses. This study’s outcomes can facilitate accurate and realistic predictions related to evapotranspiration and water availability, which are key elements in not only managing water resources but also in devising effective climate change mitigation and adaptation plans.Other Information Published in: Climatic Change
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03122-z
Almost global existence for cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension
Creators: name: Murphy, Jason
name: Pusateri, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider non-gauge-invariant cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension. We show that initial data of size $\varepsilon$ in a weighted Sobolev space lead to solutions with sharp $L_x^\infty$ decay up to time $\exp(C\varepsilon^{-2})$. We also exhibit norm growth beyond this time for a specific choice of nonlinearity.
description: 25 pages
Cross-talk between the microbiome and chronic inflammation in esophageal cancer: potential driver of oncogenesis
Creators: name: Sharma, Tarang
name: Gupta, Ashna
name: Chauhan, Ravi
name: Bhat, Ajaz A.
name: Nisar, Sabah
name: Hashem, Sheema
name: Akhtar, Sabah
name: Ahmad, Aamir
name: Haris, Mohammad
name: Singh, Mayank
name: Uddin, Shahab
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Esophageal cancer (EC) is frequently considered a lethal malignancy and is often identified at a later stage. It is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths globally. The conventional treatment methods like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery offer limited efficacy and poor clinical outcome with a less than 25% 5-year survival rate. The poor prognosis of EC persists despite the growth in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to treat EC. This underlines the need to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms that drive esophageal oncogenesis. Apart from the role of the tumor microenvironment and its structural and cellular components in tumorigenesis, mounting evidence points towards the involvement of the esophageal microbiome, inflammation, and their cross-talk in promoting esophageal cancer. The current review summarizes recent research that delineates the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the microbiota and inflammation promote the pathophysiology of esophageal cancer, thus unraveling targets for potential therapeutic intervention.Other Information Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-022-10026-6
The plasticity of pancreatic cancer stem cells: implications in therapeutic resistance
Creators: name: Patil, Kalyani
name: Khan, Farheen B.
name: Akhtar, Sabah
name: Ahmad, Aamir
name: Uddin, Shahab
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: The ever-growing perception of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a plastic state rather than a hardwired defined entity has evolved our understanding of the functional and biological plasticity of these elusive components in malignancies. Pancreatic cancer (PC), based on its biological features and clinical evolution, is a prototypical example of a CSC-driven disease. Since the discovery of pancreatic CSCs (PCSCs) in 2007, evidence has unraveled their control over many facets of the natural history of PC, including primary tumor growth, metastatic progression, disease recurrence, and acquired drug resistance. Consequently, the current near-ubiquitous treatment regimens for PC using aggressive cytotoxic agents, aimed at ‘‘tumor debulking’’ rather than eradication of CSCs, have proven ineffective in providing clinically convincing improvements in patients with this dreadful disease. Herein, we review the key hallmarks as well as the intrinsic and extrinsic resistance mechanisms of CSCs that mediate treatment failure in PC and enlist the potential CSC-targeting ‘natural agents’ that are gaining popularity in recent years. A better understanding of the molecular and functional landscape of PCSC-intrinsic evasion of chemotherapeutic drugs offers a facile opportunity for treating PC, an intractable cancer with a grim prognosis and in dire need of effective therapeutic advances.Other Information Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-021-09979-x
Women Leadership, Culture, and Islam: Female Voices from Jordan
Creators: name: Koburtay, Tamer
name: Abuhussein, Tala
name: Sidani, Yusuf M.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Law in context
Applied economics

description: This paper aims to explore the experiences of female leaders considering the interplay of gender, religion, and culture. Drawing on an inductive-qualitative study, the paper examines perceptions regarding the role of religion and cultural norms in women’s ascension into leadership positions in Jordan. The results indicated that Jordanian women leaders adopted an Islamic feminist worldview and did not embrace a liberal nor a socialist/Marxist feminist worldview. Women leaders seemed wanting to claim their religion back from those forces that are reportedly holding their aspirations hostage to monolithic interpretations of religious texts. By constantly referring to their religion, female leaders wanted to be granted spaces of trust and responsibility in leadership positions that they did not see contradictory to the way they understood their faith. The paper provides insights into how women leaders understand prejudicial stereotypes and discrimination in their society, explaining how those are linked to patriarchal socio-cultural traditions emphasizing male control.Other Information Published in: Journal of Business Ethics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05041-0
Honeywell SOLARC TM as an Anti-Reflective Coating for Solar Cover Glass with Improved Light Management
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, S.
name: Bhanap, A.
name: Wragg, A.
name: Pandey, Y.
name: DeTorres, R.
name: Lu, P.
name: Nguyen, T.
name: Liu, Y.Q.
name: Chua, C.
name: Chen, D.
name: Rutherford, N.
name: Shashkov, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 313-316
description: A solution-based, anti-reflective coating, SOLARCTM coating with improved performance is developed and
tested for durability in our laboratory. The SOLARCTM coating formulation is prepared by synthesizing a transparent
polymer in a solvent mixture, which is then deposited on glass by using a non-vacuum coating technique such as spray,
roller, dip, curtain, slot-die and spin-on. A 3.5-4.2% transmission gain over 350-800 nm and a 2-2.5% transmission gain over
800-2500 nm are obtained by coating commercial PV-grade sodalime glass with SOLARCTM on one side of the glass. A 7.2-
8.5% transmission gain over the visible range and 4.0-6.0% gain over the IR region are obtained by coating both sides of the
glass. Transmittance gain is maximized by targetting refractive index of the coating at 1.23 and thickness of the coating at
one-quarter of a wavelength of incident light. The coating is applied onto the glass surface at room temperature followed by a
thermal bake. The coating showed excellent performance on industry standard durability tests.
HER2-positive apocrine carcinoma of the breast: a population-based analysis of treatment and outcome
Creators: name: Skenderi, Faruk
name: Alahmad, Mohamad Alhoda Mohamad
name: Tahirovic, Emin
name: Alahmad, Yaman M.
name: Gatalica, Zoran
name: Vranic, Semir
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Purpose Apocrine carcinoma of the breast (APO) expresses HER2 in 30–50% of cases. This study explored the clinicopathological features and outcome of HER2+/APO and matched HER2+/NST cohort. Methods We used the SEER database to explore the cohorts. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the survival. Based on ER and PR [steroid receptors/SR/] and HER2 status, we divided the cohorts to match the intrinsic molecular subtypes for comparisons. Results We retrieved 259 cases of HER2+/APO. Most HER2+/APO were SR negative (65%). HER2+/APO were more prevalent in the 80+ age group (24.7% vs. 15.7%, p < 0.001). HER2+/SR−/APO had a significantly lower histological grade than the HER2+/SR−/NST (p < 0.001). Breast cancer-related deaths were more prevalent in HER2+/NST (7.8% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.019). This was particularly evident between SR− subgroups (10.4% in HER2+/SR−/NST vs. 4.2% in HER2+/SR−/APO, p = 0.008) and was reaffirmed in breast cancer-specific survival in univariate analysis (p = 0.03). Other than race and SR status, HER2+/APO subgroups did not differ in clinicopathological parameters. Conclusions Our study confirms the rarity of the APO and reveals that SR status in APO does not affect these patients' prognosis. HER2+/APO tumors tend to have a less aggressive phenotype and a more favorable outcome despite a markedly lower ER/PR positivity.Other Information Published in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-022-06578-4
Future Potential for SoG-Si Feedstock from the Metallurgical Process Route
Creators: name: Peter, K.
name: Kopecek, R.
name: Soiland, A.K.
name: Enebakk, E.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 947-950
description: In this paper we provide results that multicrystalline silicon wafers from 100% Elkem Solar feedstock reveal significantly higher minority carrier lifetimes over the whole wafer area even after cell processing as compared to wafers from commercial available electronic grade silicon. It is assumed that in Elkem Solar wafers residual metal clusters are confined to specific structural defects and therefore perform better in solar cells than materials in which metals are dispersed through the wafer. Characteristics of the Elkem Solar refining process are low production cost and low energy consumption via effective slag treatment, alloying, leaching and segregation processes.
Turbulence characteristics within the atmospheric surface layer of the coastal region of Qatar
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Sadr, Reza
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Atmospheric sciences

description: The atmospheric turbulence characteristics in the coastal region of Qatar are analyzed using the measurements conducted on the shoreline (26.08 N, 51.36 E). The micrometeorological data were collected, from August 2015 to September 2016, using sonic anemometers (20 Hz) at three heights and a weather station atop a 9-m tower. The turbulence characteristics are studied within the framework of Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST), in the presence of the coastal inhomogeneities generated by the sea and land surfaces coming together. The results show the wind from the north-west prevails during the entire test period, with the wind speed higher than that from other directions. The non-dimensional standard deviations of velocity components are found to be consistent the results reported around the world and match suggested MOST scaling, with a relatively greater value for the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy. The flux Richardson number shows a larger scatter under the super-stable and super-unstable regimes. Moreover, the non-dimensional standard deviation of temperature does not align with the suggested model under near-neutral and very stable regimes, and the gradient Richardson number shows some negative values under stable regimes. Two different atmospheric daily stability patterns, ‘orderly’ and ‘disheveled,’ are identified based on the wind conditions. The orderly stability pattern shows a daily descending and ascending trend during the sunrise and sunset periods, respectively, while the disheveled days follow a random pattern with no clear order. The two patterns are then related to the wind continuity and direction relative to the shoreline.Other Information Published in: Boundary-Layer Meteorology
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10546-022-00709-6
Cushion plants act as facilitators for soil microarthropods in high alpine Sweden
Creators: name: Ľuptáčik, Peter
name: Čuchta, Peter
name: Jakšová, Patrícia
name: Miklisová, Dana
name: Kováč, Ľubomír
name: Alatalo, Juha M.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecological applications
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cushion plants can have positive impacts on plant richness in severe environments and possibly across trophic levels on arthropods, an under-studied topic. This study examined whether soil communities under cushions have higher richness and abundance of soil microarthropods than adjacent non-cushion vegetation, and whether differences in collembolan and mite abundance and species richness between cushions and adjacent vegetation increase with elevation. Paired soil samples were taken under cushions of Silene acaulis along the elevation gradient (1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400 m a.s.l.), under cushions of Diapensia lapponica on the exposed ridge above the treeline (1000 m a.s.l.), and under adjacent non-cushion plant vegetation. In total, 5853 individuals of collembolans (n = 1705) and mites (n = 4148) were obtained from soil samples and identified to order/species level. S. acaulis cushions had a positive effect on species richness and abundance of collembolans, with richness effects from 1100 m a.s.l. upwards. Oribatid mite richness and abundance were also higher under cushions compared with adjacent vegetation. Species richness of collembolans and oribatids declined with increasing elevation from 1200 m a.s.l. Collembolan abundance peaked at mid-elevation (1200 m a.s.l.) under cushions and adjacent vegetation, while oribatid mite abundance peaked at 1300 m a.s.l. under both vegetation types. D. lapponica cushions on the exposed ridge had significant positive effects on species richness, abundance and diversity index of collembolans, and abundance of oribatids. Cushion plants play an important role in supporting the biodiversity of soil fauna in severe alpine environments, with the positive effects of cushion plants increasing with environmental severity.Other Information Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02247-y
LCA Comparison of the Elkem Solar Metallurgical Route and Conventional Gas Routes to Solar Silicon
Creators: name: De Wild-Scholten, M.J.
name: Gløckner, R.
name: Odden, J.-O.
name: Halvorsen, G.
name: Tronstad, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1225-1229
description: Preliminary Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of solar grade silicon production via gas- and metallurgical route indicates that environmental impacts can be reduced by:
• making efficient use of the metallurgical silicon,
• installing waste heat recovery systems,
• using a clean source of electricity.
The metallurgical route has the advantage of a lower energy consumption compared to the traditional routes with purification via the gas phase resulting in lower environmental impacts.
Business models innovation in investment banks: a resilience perspective
Creators: name: Ramdani, Boumediene
name: Binsaif, Ahmed
name: Boukrami, Elias
name: Guermat, Cherif
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Strategy, management and organisational behaviour
Applied economics

description: Firms frequently change their business models in order to respond to internal and external challenges. This study aims to explore how investments banks adjust their business models in response to internal and external challenges. Based on a qualitative data from ten major investment banks operating in the largest financial market in the Middle East, we show that investment banks can achieve resilience by adjusting their business models through continuous activity changes in response to internal and external challenges. Specifically, investment banks adjust their business models through deploying alternative combinations of activities from a broad repertoire of activities. Within the same bank, divisions that respond to external challenges tend to sustain their performance, whereas resilient divisions that respond to both internal and external challenges tend to bounce back or achieve substantial increase in performance levels. This study contributes to the literature by proposing resilience as an alternative approach to business model innovation and by providing insight into how firms adjust their business models by altering specific activities in response to both internal and external challenges.Other Information Published in: Asia Pacific Journal of Management
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10490-020-09723-z
A combined multiple action recognition and summarization for surveillance video sequences
Creators: name: Elharrouss, Omar
name: Almaadeed, Noor
name: Al-Maadeed, Somaya
name: Bouridane, Ahmed
name: Beghdadi, Azeddine
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial intelligence

description: Human action recognition and video summarization represent challenging tasks for several computer vision applications including video surveillance, criminal investigations, and sports applications. For long videos, it is difficult to search within a video for a specific action and/or person. Usually, human action recognition approaches presented in the literature deal with videos that contain only a single person, and they are able to recognize his action. This paper proposes an effective approach to multiple human action detection, recognition, and summarization. The multiple action detection extracts human bodies’ silhouette, then generates a specific sequence for each one of them using motion detection and tracking method. Each of the extracted sequences is then divided into shots that represent homogeneous actions in the sequence using the similarity between each pair frames. Using the histogram of the oriented gradient (HOG) of the Temporal Difference Map (TDMap) of the frames of each shot, we recognize the action by performing a comparison between the generated HOG and the existed HOGs in the training phase which represents all the HOGs of many actions using a set of videos for training. Also, using the TDMap images we recognize the action using a proposed CNN model. Action summarization is performed for each detected person. The efficiency of the proposed approach is shown through the obtained results for mainly multi-action detection and recognition.Other Information Published in: Applied Intelligence
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01823-z
Extremwetterereignisse in der Landwirtschaft: Risikomanagement im Bundesländervergleich
Creators: name: Hartung, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2020

description: Aufgrund zunehmender Extremwetterschäden in der Landwirtschaft wird in den Bundesländern (Ländern) vermehrt darüber diskutiert, wie Landwirte befähigt werden können, um mit solchen Ereignissen zukünftig besser umzugehen.Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht die Studie, inwieweit die Länder landwirtschaftliche Unternehmen beim Risikomanagement von Extremwetterereignissen unterstützen. Auf Grundlage einer schriftlichen Befragung zuständiger Ministerien sowie weiterer Quellen wird gezeigt, dass die meisten Länder mehrere Extremwetterereignisse als problematisch für die jeweilige regionale Landwirtschaft einstufen. Um diese Probleme zu reduzieren, betätigen sich die Länder jenseits von staatlichen ad hoc-Hilfen, unter anderem durch landwirtschaftliche Beratung, angewandte Forschung und Investitionsprogramme, etwa zum Hagelschutz. Darüber hinaus beziffern die Ministerien insgesamt hohe Bedarfe an weiteren privaten als auch staatlichen Risikomanagementmaßnahmen. Ein besonders breiter Konsens besteht hinsichtlich besserer Rahmenbedingungen für Mehrgefahrenversicherungen, die es Landwirten insbesondere ermöglichen sollen, sich effektiver gegen Trockenheit zu versichern. Die dafür nötige staatliche Bezuschussung beurteilen die Ministerien unterschiedlich, eine rein länderfinanzierte Förderung lehnen sie jedoch grundsätzlich ab. Schließlich setzen die meisten Ministerien darauf, dass Maßnahmen zur Unterstützung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe im Umgang mit Extremwetterereignissen auch in Zukunft in Abstimmung mit dem Bund getroffen werden.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge
Optimising small-scale electronic commerce supply chain operations: a dynamic cost-sharing contract approach
Creators: name: Rathnasiri, Sahani
name: Ray, Pritee
name: Vega-Mejía, Carlos A.
name: Islam, Sardar M. N.
name: Rana, Nripendra P.
name: Dwivedi, Yogesh K.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information systems
Applied mathematics

description: For small-scale electronic commerce supply chains, designing effective strategies to improve operational effectiveness, market share and long-term survival are essential aspects. However, researchers have given less attention in addressing these issues. This study proposes a dynamic cost-sharing contract for an e-tailer supply chain to address the issues of asymmetric information, long-term integration, and ineffective costs. We include consistency constraints to obtain stable incentives over time and eliminate the need for re-negotiation. The findings emphasise that the dynamic contract significantly reduces the overall supply chain costs. The consistency constraints guarantee high incentives, thus assuring the players remain in the total contract period and enable long-term integration.Other Information Published in: Annals of Operations Research
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-022-04662-y
A new bi-objective model of the urban public transportation hub network design under uncertainty
Creators: name: Kaveh, Firoozeh
name: Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, Reza
name: Triki, Chefi
name: Rahimi, Yaser
name: Jamili, Amin
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information systems
Applied mathematics

description: This paper presents a new bi-objective multi-modal hub location problem with multiple assignment and capacity considerations for the design of an urban public transportation network under uncertainty. Because of the high construction costs of hub links in an urban public transportation network, it is not economic to create a complete hub network. Moreover, the demand is assumed to be dependent on the utility proposed by each hub. Thus, the elasticity of the demand is considered in this paper. The presented model also has the ability to compute the number of each type of transportation vehicles between every two hubs. The objectives of this model are to maximize the benefits of transportation by establishing hub facilities and to minimize the total transportation time. Since exact values of some parameters are not known in advance, a fuzzy multi-objective programming based approach is proposed to optimally solve small-sized problems. For medium and large-sized problems, a meta-heuristic algorithm, namely multi-objective particle swarm optimization is applied and its performance is compared with results from the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. Our experimental results demonstrated the validity of our developed model and approaches. Moreover, an intensive sensitivity analyze study is carried out on a real-case application related to the monorail project of the holy city of Qom.Other Information Published in: Annals of Operations Research
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-019-03430-9
Systematic reviews in sentiment analysis: a tertiary study
Creators: name: Ligthart, Alexander
name: Catal, Cagatay
name: Tekinerdogan, Bedir
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: With advanced digitalisation, we can observe a massive increase of user-generated content on the web that provides opinions of people on different subjects. Sentiment analysis is the computational study of analysing people's feelings and opinions for an entity. The field of sentiment analysis has been the topic of extensive research in the past decades. In this paper, we present the results of a tertiary study, which aims to investigate the current state of the research in this field by synthesizing the results of published secondary studies (i.e., systematic literature review and systematic mapping study) on sentiment analysis. This tertiary study follows the guidelines of systematic literature reviews (SLR) and covers only secondary studies. The outcome of this tertiary study provides a comprehensive overview of the key topics and the different approaches for a variety of tasks in sentiment analysis. Different features, algorithms, and datasets used in sentiment analysis models are mapped. Challenges and open problems are identified that can help to identify points that require research efforts in sentiment analysis. In addition to the tertiary study, we also identified recent 112 deep learning-based sentiment analysis papers and categorized them based on the applied deep learning algorithms. According to this analysis, LSTM and CNN algorithms are the most used deep learning algorithms for sentiment analysis.Other Information Published in: Artificial Intelligence Review
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10462-021-09973-3
Novel high capacity model for copper binary ion exchange on e-waste derived adsorbent resin
Creators: name: Mariyam, Sabah
name: Zuhara, Shifa
name: Al-Ansari, Tareq
name: Mackey, Hamish
name: McKay, Gordon
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pollution and contamination
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Heavy metal water pollution is a global concern in recent years. Copper is a toxic metal at higher concentrations (> 20 μg /g) and needs to be removed using ion exchanger systems. This study investigates the removal efficiencies of copper by the non-metallic fraction (NMF) waste printed circuit boards (PCBs). The high maximum adsorption capacity of copper by the PCB-derived material after activation with KOH was 2.65 mmol/g, and the experimental isotherm was best correlated by the Temkin model. Finally, this study presents a novel dual site adsorption/ion exchange mechanism, wherein the potassium (from the activation) and calcium (present in the structure) served as ion exchange sites for the copper in the solution. Therefore, this recycling study, focusing on cyclic environmental management, converts a major waste material to an activated ion exchange resin (high capacity) for the removal of copper from wastewater solutions and successfully regenerates the resin for re-use while producing an acidic copper solution for recovery by electrolysius or chemical salt precipitation.Other Information Published in: Adsorption
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10450-022-00360-0
The resurgence of business process re-engineering in public sector transformation efforts: exploring the systemic challenges and unintended consequences
Creators: name: Weerakkody, Vishanth
name: Janssen, Marijn
name: El-Haddadeh, Ramzi
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Business systems in context

description: The realisation of citizen-centric services in the public sector requires breaking traditional silos and transforming existing institutional structures and processes. Recent transformation efforts undertaken in government institutions have embraced business process re-engineering (BPR) concepts championed by the private sector over decades ago to facilitate such change. While public opinion continues to differ about these transformation efforts' success, there is little evidence to explain the influence of BPR on their success or failure. This paper explores BPR led public sector transformation efforts in two local authorities in Europe to evaluate the outcomes realised for both government and citizens. Empirical evidence reveals that while transformation efforts contributed towards improving efficiency and integrating processes across functions in the public sector, the institutional structures evolved into a collection of reshaped and newly formed siloes, which were distinctly focused on delivering a citizen-centric service.Other Information Published in: Information Systems and e-Business Management
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10257-021-00527-2
Lyman continuum leaking from the compact star-forming dwarf galaxy J0925+1403
Creators: name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Orlitova, I.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Thuan, T. X.
name: Verhamme, A.
name: Guseva, N.
name: Worseck, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key questions in observational cosmology is the identification of the sources responsible for ionisation of the Universe after the cosmic Dark Ages, when the baryonic matter was neutral. The currently identified distant galaxies are insufficient to fully reionise the Universe by redshift z~6, but low-mass star-forming galaxies are thought to be responsible for the bulk of the ionising radiation. Since direct observations at high redshift are difficult for a variety of reasons, one solution is to identify local proxies of this galaxy population. However, starburst galaxies at low redshifts are generally opaque to their ionising radiation. This radiation with small escape fractions of 1-3% is directly detected only in three low-redshift galaxies. Here we present far-ultraviolet observations of a nearby low-mass star-forming galaxy, J0925+1403, selected for its compactness and high excitation. The galaxy is leaking ionising radiation, with an escape fraction of ~8%. The total number of photons emitted during the starburst phase is sufficient to ionize intergalactic medium material, which is about 40 times more massive than the stellar mass of the galaxy.
description: to appear in Nature on the 14th of January 2016