cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A dance of shadows through arts practice research
Creators: name: Daly, Diane
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: Music

description: This article is inspired by the PhD research I am engaged in, relating to the potential effects of Dalcrozian preparation techniques on my professional performance practice. I shall explore the Arts Practice paradigm I have used for this research. and then describe how these elements combined, in the preparation for a performance of Ysaÿe’s Second Solo Violin sonata.
Star-disk interactions in the strongly accreting T Tauri Star S CrA N
Creators: name: Nowacki, H.
name: Alecian, E.
name: Perraut, K.
name: Zaire, B.
name: Folsom, C. P.
name: Pouilly, K.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Manick, R.
name: Pantolmos, G.
name: Sousa, A. P.
name: Dougados, C.
name: Hussain, G. A. J.
name: Alencar, S. H. P.
name: Bouquin, J. B. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims : We aimed at constraining the accretion-ejection phenomena around the strongly-accreting Northern component of the S CrA young binary system (S CrA N) by deriving its magnetic field topology and its magnetospheric properties, and by detecting ejection signatures, if any. Methods : We led a two-week observing campaign on S CrA N with the ESPaDOnS optical spectropolarimeter at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. We recorded 12 Stokes I and V spectra over 14 nights. We computed the corresponding Least-Square Deconvolution (LSD) profiles of the photospheric lines and performed Zeeman-Doppler Imaging (ZDI). We analysed the kinematics of noticeable emission lines, namely He I $λ5876$ and the four first lines of the Balmer series, known to trace the accretion process. Conclusions : The findings from spectropolarimetry are complementary to those provided by optical long-baseline interferometry, allowing us to construct a coherent view of the innermost regions of a young, strongly accreting star. Yet, the strong and complex magnetic field reconstructed for S CrA N is inconsistent with the observed magnetic signatures of the emission lines associated to the post-shock region. We recommend a multi-technique, synchronized campaign of several days to put more constrains on a system that varies on a $\sim$ 1 day timescale.
Dust-scattering rings of GRB 221009A as seen by the Neil Gehrels Swift satellite: can we count them all?
Creators: name: Vasilopoulos, Georgios
name: Karavola, Despina
name: Stathopoulos, Stamatios I.
name: Petropoulou, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results for the dust-scattering rings of GRB 221009A, coined as the GRB of the century, as observed by the Neil Gehrels Swift satellite. We perform analysis of both time resolved observations and stacked data. The former approach enable us to study the expansion of the most prominent rings, associate their origin with the prompt X-ray emission of the GRB and determine the location of the dust layers. The stacked radial profiles increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the data and allows detection of fainter and overlapping peaks in the angular profile. We find a total of 16 dust concentrations (with hints of even more) that span about 15 kpc in depth and could be responsible for the highly structured X-ray angular profiles. By comparing the relative scattered fluxes of the five most prominent rings we show that the layer with the largest amount of dust is located at about 0.44 kpc away from us. We finally compare the location of the dust layers with results from experiments that study the 3D structure of our Galaxy via extinction or CO radio observations, and highlight the complementarity of dust X-ray tomography to these approaches.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. New version contains updated tables/figures after correction of a numerical error
High-precision photometry by telescope defocussing. VII. The ultra-short period planet WASP-103
Creators: name: Southworth, John
name: Mancini, L.
name: Ciceri, S.
name: Budaj, J.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Jaimes, R. Figuera
name: Haugbolle, T.
name: Jorgensen, U. G.
name: Popovas, A.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Rahvar, S.
name: von Essen, C.
name: Schmidt, R. W.
name: Wertz, O.
name: Alsubai, K. A.
name: Bozza, V.
name: Bramich, D. M.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: D'Ago, G.
name: Hinse, T. C.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Hundertmark, M.
name: Juncher, D.
name: Korhonen, H.
name: Skottfelt, J.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Starkey, D.
name: Surdej, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 17 transit light curves of the ultra-short period planetary system WASP-103, a strong candidate for the detection of tidally-induced orbital decay. We use these to establish a high-precision reference epoch for transit timing studies. The time of the reference transit midpoint is now measured to an accuracy of 4.8s, versus 67.4s in the discovery paper, aiding future searches for orbital decay. With the help of published spectroscopic measurements and theoretical stellar models, we determine the physical properties of the system to high precision and present a detailed error budget for these calculations. The planet has a Roche lobe filling factor of 0.58, leading to a significant asphericity; we correct its measured mass and mean density for this phenomenon. A high-resolution Lucky Imaging observation shows no evidence for faint stars close enough to contaminate the point spread function of WASP-103. Our data were obtained in the Bessell $RI$ and the SDSS $griz$ passbands and yield a larger planet radius at bluer optical wavelengths, to a confidence level of 7.3 sigma. Interpreting this as an effect of Rayleigh scattering in the planetary atmosphere leads to a measurement of the planetary mass which is too small by a factor of five, implying that Rayleigh scattering is not the main cause of the variation of radius with wavelength.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 12 pages, 8 tables, 7 figures. The reduced data will be available at http://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/~jkt/data-teps.html
Transparent and Trustworthy Artifact Life Cycle Data
Creators: name: Hochstenbach, Patrick
name: Klein, Martin
name: Van de Sompel, Herbert
name: Verborgh, Ruben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In scholarly communication, alternative publication platforms are rising, offering services that are not tied to and function independently from traditional publishers. Decentralized and decoupled versions of value-adding services such as overlay journals, peer review and endorsement services are provided to the network. These alternatives address not only the massive monopolization of scholarly communication but also new demands for rapid distribution of scholarly artifacts in fields such as life sciences. They also accommodate for new publication formats such as data sets and source code that are beyond the traditional paper. Event Notifications provide an asynchronous point-to-point messaging protocol that acts as an interoperability layer between the nodes in such networks. Event Logs are a proposal to provide full transparency in the scholarly process by publishing public resources on each node containing lifecycle information pertaining to the scholarly artifacts in the network. Trust in Event Logs require some form of machine-verifiability because trust by reputation of each node is not scalable in large networks. This paper presents a pragmatic approach to building trust without relying on costly blockchain technologies, which lack sustainable long-term strategies. By using trusted archival nodes within Event Notification networks and Event Logs, we propose a decentralized, transparent, and trustworthy alternative to traditional scholarly communication systems.
Random packing dynamics of $Σ_{2v}(2π/3)$-triplets
Creators: name: Ferraz, Carlos Handrey Araujo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we used a combination of DEM and the multi-sphere method to investigate the random packing dynamics of $Σ_{2v}(2π/3)$-triplets. These triplets consist of three overlapping primary spheres, forming a bent structure with a bond angle of $2π/3$ and belonging to the $C_{2v}$ symmetry group. The selection of this specific structure was motivated by its similarity to molecules such as water, which displays crucial physicochemical properties and finds extensive application in various fields. To ensure non-overlapping particles at the beginning of the simulations, the rectangular confinement box was divided into basic cells. Each triplet was then inserted into a basic cell with a random orientation. After that, the system is allowed to settle under gravity towards the bottom of the box. An implicit leapfrog algorithm with quaternion acceleration was used to numerically integrate the rotational motion equations. By assuming a molecular approach, we account for the long-range cohesive forces using a Lennard-Jones (LJ)-like potential. The packing processes are studied assuming different long-range interaction strengths. We performed statistical calculations of the different quantities studied including packing density, radial distribution function, and orientation pair correlation function. In addition, the force probability distributions in the random packing structures have been analyzed.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2004.13718
Aberrational Effects for Shadows of Black Holes
Creators: name: Grenzebach, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss how the shadow of a Kerr black hole depends on the motion of the observer. In particular, we derive an analytical formula for the boundary curve of the shadow for an observer moving with given four-velocity at given Boyer--Lindquist coordinates. We visualize the shadow for various values of parameters.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; Proceedings of the 524. WE-Heraeus-Seminar held at the Physikzentrum, Bad Honnef, Germany, 17.--23.2.2013
The ALMOND Survey: Molecular cloud properties and gas density tracers across 25 nearby spiral galaxies with ALMA
Creators: name: Neumann, Lukas
name: Gallagher, Molly J.
name: Bigiel, Frank
name: Leroy, Adam K.
name: Barnes, Ashley T.
name: Usero, Antonio
name: Brok, Jakob S. den
name: Belfiore, Francesco
name: Bešlić, Ivana
name: Cao, Yixian
name: Chevance, Mélanie
name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Eibensteiner, Cosima
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Grasha, Kathryn
name: Henshaw, Jonathan D.
name: Jiménez-Donaire, María J.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Liu, Daizhong
name: Meidt, Sharon
name: Pety, Jérôme
name: Puschnig, Johannes
name: Querejeta, Miguel
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Schruba, Andreas
name: Sormani, Mattia C.
name: Sun, Jiayi
name: Teng, Yu-Hsuan
name: Williams, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use new HCN(1-0) data from the ALMOND (ACA Large-sample Mapping Of Nearby galaxies in Dense gas) survey to trace the kpc-scale molecular gas density structure and CO(2-1) data from PHANGS-ALMA to trace the bulk molecular gas across 25 nearby, star-forming galaxies. At 2.1 kpc scale, we measure the density-sensitive HCN/CO line ratio and the SFR/HCN ratio to trace the star formation efficiency in the denser molecular medium. At 150 pc scale, we measure structural and dynamical properties of the molecular gas via CO(2-1) line emission, which is linked to the lower resolution data using an intensity-weighted averaging method. We find positive correlations (negative) of HCN/CO (SFR/HCN) with the surface density, the velocity dispersion and the internal turbulent pressure of the molecular gas. These observed correlations agree with expected trends from turbulent models of star formation, which consider a single free-fall time gravitational collapse. Our results show that the kpc-scale HCN/CO line ratio is a powerful tool to trace the 150 pc scale average density distribution of the molecular clouds. Lastly, we find systematic variations of the SFR/HCN ratio with cloud-scale molecular gas properties, which are incompatible with a universal star formation efficiency. Overall, these findings show that mean molecular gas density, molecular cloud properties and star formation are closely linked in a coherent way, and observations of density-sensitive molecular gas tracers are a useful tool to analyse these variations, linking molecular gas physics to stellar output across galaxy discs.
description: 48 pages, 40 figures
title: Genetic stock composition analysis of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) bycatch samples from the 2020 Bering Sea pollock trawl fisheries
Creators: name: Guthrie, C. M.
Publisher: name: Alaska Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2022

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-AFSC ; 446
title: Genetic stock composition analysis of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) bycatch samples from the 2020 Gulf of Alaska trawl fisheries
Creators: name: Guthrie, C. M.
Publisher: name: Alaska Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2022

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-AFSC ; 445
Beyond Devolution: unlocking county energy departments' policy capacity in Kenya
Creators: name: Tesfamichael, Meron
name: N. Cyoy, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: county energy planning
politics
capacity
multilevel governance

description: In Kenya, the Energy Act (2019) authorizes the devolution and sharing of vital regulatory and policy functions between the national and county governments. The Act stipulates the county governments to identify and prioritize energy needs, develop energy plans, undertake feasibility studies, and make them available to investors. These devolved functions make county-level energy departments integral to Kenya's energy governance and wellplaced to improve energy services delivery. However, county energy departments currently lack the analytical, operational, and political capacity necessary to carry out their mandate effectively. This brief discusses the factors that hinder counties from attaining these capabilities and offers policy recommendations on how to address these barriers.
description: This material has been produced under the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) programme, which brings together leading research organizations and is led out of the STEER centre, Loughborough University. CCG is funded by UK aid from the UK government. However, the views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the UK government's official policies.
Umsetzung der institutionellen Open-Access-Policy an der Universität Bielefeld
Creators: name: Schirrwagen, Jochen
Publisher: name: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur
Year: 2019

description: Für die Verankerung von Open Access als bestimmendes und nachhaltiges Prinzip in der wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation hat sich an der Universität Bielefeld die Verbindung von technischer Infrastruktur, Schulungs- und Unterstützungsangeboten sowie Richtlinien seit über einer Dekade als strategisch erfolgreich erwiesen. Der Vortrag zeichnet die Entwicklung von Open Access Publikationsservices an Beispielen wie BASE, Repositorium, Zeitschriftenhosting und Publikationsfonds nach, die heute zum Selbstverständnis der Universitätsbibliothek gehören. Es wird diskutiert, welche Wirkung und Akzeptanz diese Maßnahmen bei den Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern an der Universität erfahren haben und es wird ein perspektivischer Ausblick gegeben. Der Vortrag geht zurück auf einen Beitrag zur Open-Access-Roadshow Schleswig Holstein am 11. November 2019 in der UB der CAU, Kiel.
description: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur, Wintersemester 2019/2020
Analysis of the strong vertices of $Σ_{c}ΔD^{*}$ and $Σ_{b}ΔB^{*}$ in QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Lu, Jie
name: Yu, Guo-Liang
name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
name: Wu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyze the strong vertices $Σ_{c}ΔD^{*}$ and $Σ_{b}ΔB^{*}$ using the three-point QCD sum rules under the tensor structures $iε^{ρταβ}p_αp'_β$, $p^ρp'^τ$ and $p^ρp^τ$. We firstly calculate the momentum dependent strong coupling constants $g(Q^{2})$ by considering contributions of the perturbative part and the condensate terms $\langle\overline{q}q\rangle$, $\langle g_{s}^{2}GG \rangle$, $\langle\overline{q}g_{s}σGq\rangle$ and $\langle\overline{q}q\rangle^{2}$. By fitting these coupling constants into analytical functions and extrapolating them into time-like regions, we then obtain the on-shell values of strong coupling constants for these vertices. The results are $g_{1Σ_{c}ΔD^{*}}=5.13^{+0.39}_{-0.49}$ GeV$^{-1}$, $g_{2Σ_{c}ΔD^{*}}=-3.03^{+0.27}_{-0.35}$ GeV$^{-2}$, $g_{3Σ_{c}ΔD^{*}}=17.64^{+1.51}_{-1.95}$ GeV$^{-2}$, $g_{1Σ_{b}ΔB^{*}}=20.97^{+2.15}_{-2.39}$ GeV$^{-1}$, $g_{2Σ_{b}ΔB^{*}}=-11.42^{+1.17}_{-1.28}$ GeV$^{-2}$ and $g_{3Σ_{b}ΔB^{*}}=24.87^{+2.57}_{-2.82}$ GeV$^{-2}$. These strong coupling constants are important parameters which can help us to understand the strong decay behaviors of hadrons.
On the sensitivity of CTA to gamma-ray boxes from multi-TeV dark matter
Creators: name: Ibarra, Alejandro
name: Lamperstorfer, Anna S.
name: Gehler, Sergio López
name: Pato, Miguel
name: Bertone, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collider, direct and indirect searches for dark matter have typically little or no sensitivity to weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with masses above a few TeV. This rather unexplored regime can however be probed through the search for distinctive gamma-ray spectral features produced by the annihilation of WIMPs at very high energies. Here we present a dedicated search for gamma-ray boxes -- sharp spectral features that cannot be mimicked by astrophysical sources -- with the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). Using realistic projections for the instrument performance and detailed background modelling, a profile likelihood analysis is implemented to derive the expected upper limits and sensitivity reach after 100 h of observations towards a $2^\circ\times2^\circ$ region around the Galactic centre. Our results show that CTA will be able to probe gamma-ray boxes down to annihilation cross sections of $10^{-27}-10^{-26}\,\text{cm}^3\text{/s}$ up to tens of TeV. We also identify a number of concrete particle physics models providing thermal dark matter candidates that can be used as target benchmarks in future search campaigns. This constitutes a golden opportunity for CTA to either discover or rule out multi-TeV thermal dark matter in a corner of parameter space where all other experimental efforts are basically insensitive.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, matches published version and includes erratum
Geometric models for isotropic random porous media: A review
Creators: name: Hermann, Helmut
name: Elsner, Antje
Publisher: name: London : Hindawi
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic layer deposition
subject: Electric properties
subject: Fractal dimension
subject: Porous materials
subject: 620

description: Models for random porous media are considered. The models are isotropic both from the local and the macroscopic point of view; that is, the pores have spherical shape or their surface shows piecewise spherical curvature, and there is no macroscopic gradient of any geometrical feature. Both closed-pore and open-pore systems are discussed. The Poisson grain model, the model of hard spheres packing, and the penetrable sphere model are used; variable size distribution of the pores is included. A parameter is introduced which controls the degree of open-porosity. Besides systems built up by a single solid phase, models for porous media with the internal surface coated by a second phase are treated. Volume fraction, surface area, and correlation functions are given explicitly where applicable; otherwise numerical methods for determination are described. Effective medium theory is applied to calculate physical properties for the models such as isotropic elastic moduli, thermal and electrical conductivity, and static dielectric constant. The methods presented are exemplified by applications: small-angle scattering of systems showing fractal-like behavior in limited ranges of linear dimension, optimization of nanoporous insulating materials, and improvement of properties of open-pore systems by atomic layer deposition of a second phase on the internal surface.
Effect of Extended Gravitational Decoupling on Isotropization and Complexity in f(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{T}) Theory
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Naseer, Tayyab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper develops some new analytical solutions to the $f(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{T})$ field equations through extended gravitational decoupling. For this purpose, we take spherical anisotropic configuration as a seed source and extend it to an additional source. The modified field equations comprise the impact of both sources which are then decoupled into two distinct sets by applying the transformations on $g_{tt}$ and $g_{rr}$ metric potentials. The original anisotropic source is adorned by the first sector, and we make it solvable by considering two different well-behaved solutions. The second sector is in terms of an additional source and we adopt some constraints to find deformation functions. The first constraint is the isotropization condition which transforms the total fluid distribution into an isotropic system only for a specific value of the decoupling parameter. The other constraint is taken as the complexity-free fluid distribution. The unknown constants are calculated at the hypersurface through matching conditions. The preliminary information (mass and radius) of a compact star $4U 1820-30$ is employed to analyze physical attributes of the resulting models. We conclude that certain values of both the coupling as well as decoupling parameter yield viable and stable solutions in this theory.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures
High sensitivity HI image of diffuse gas and new tidal features in M51 observed by FAST
Creators: name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Zhu, Ming
name: Xu, Jin-Long
name: Ai, Mei
name: Jiang, Peng
name: Yang, Yanbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the classical interacting galaxy M51 with FAST and obtain high sensitivity HI image with column density down to 3.8 $\times$ 10$^{18}$ cm$^{-2}$. In the image we can see a diffuse extended envelope around the system and several new tidal features. We also get a deeper look at M51b's probable gas, which has an approximated velocity range of 560 to 740 km s$^{-1}$ and a flux of 7.5 Jy km s$^{-1}$. Compared to the VLA image, we observe more complete structures of the Southeast Tail, Northeast Cloud and Northwest Plume, as well as new features of the Northwest Cloud and Southwest Plume. M51's most prominent tidal feature, the Southeast Tail, looks very long and broad, in addition with two small detached clouds at the periphery. Due to the presence of optical and simulated counterparts, the Northwest cloud appears to be the tail of M51a, while the Northwest Plume is more likely a tidal tail of M51b. The large mass of the Northwest Plume suggests that M51b may have been as gas-rich as M51a before the interaction. In addition, the formation process of the Northeast Cloud and Southwest Plume is obscured by the lack of optical and simulated counterparts. These novel tidal features, together with M51b's probable gas, will inspire future simulations and provide a deeper understanding of the evolution of this interacting system.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
DNA microarra advancements changing the world of Genomics.docx
Creators: name: khercha, mohammed sohaib belabbas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60501 Bacteriology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biological Techniques
subject: Genetics
subject: 60406 Genetic Immunology

description: this paper gives an overview of DNA microarrays. a technology that involves binding thousands of nucleic acids to a surface, allowing them to be hybridized together and detected after they have been hybridized in a mixture. Microarrays are used to measure the relative abundance of nucleic acid sequences in a mixture. First, we discuss the development of microarrays and their predecessor technologies. Following that, we examine how microarrays are manufactured and the most common biological applications they are used and also discusses the limitations of microarrays and how DNA sequencing methods are rapidly replacing them. This is significant because as for this moment we are seeing a lot of developments in omics and It is crucial to discuss some of the features, advancements and frontiers that can promise for the scientific researches and clinical trials As well as in the long road to drug discovery and development, microarrays will be essential in overcoming this obstacle.
A Graph Encoder-Decoder Network for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Mesgaran, Mahsa
name: Hamza, A. Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A key component of many graph neural networks (GNNs) is the pooling operation, which seeks to reduce the size of a graph while preserving important structural information. However, most existing graph pooling strategies rely on an assignment matrix obtained by employing a GNN layer, which is characterized by trainable parameters, often leading to significant computational complexity and a lack of interpretability in the pooling process. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised graph encoder-decoder model to detect abnormal nodes from graphs by learning an anomaly scoring function to rank nodes based on their degree of abnormality. In the encoding stage, we design a novel pooling mechanism, named LCPool, which leverages locality-constrained linear coding for feature encoding to find a cluster assignment matrix by solving a least-squares optimization problem with a locality regularization term. By enforcing locality constraints during the coding process, LCPool is designed to be free from learnable parameters, capable of efficiently handling large graphs, and can effectively generate a coarser graph representation while retaining the most significant structural characteristics of the graph. In the decoding stage, we propose an unpooling operation, called LCUnpool, to reconstruct both the structure and nodal features of the original graph. We conduct empirical evaluations of our method on six benchmark datasets using several evaluation metrics, and the results demonstrate its superiority over state-of-the-art anomaly detection approaches.
Precession and polar alignment of accretion discs in triple (or multiple) stellar systems
Creators: name: Ceppi, Simone
name: Longarini, Cristiano
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Cuello, Nicolás
name: Lubow, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mechanism of polar alignment for accretion discs in hierarchical systems (HSs) with more than two stars. In eccentric binary systems, low mass discs that are sufficiently tilted to the binary orbit align in a polar configuration with respect to the binary plane by aligning their angular momentum to the binary eccentricity vector. In HSs, secular evolution of the orbital parameters makes the eccentricity vector of the system precess with time. This precession undermines the stability of the polar orbit for accretion discs hosted in HSs. We analytically show that the binary criteria for polar alignment derived in the literature are necessary but not sufficient conditions for polar alignment in HSs. Then, we derive an analytical criterion for polar alignment in HSs. In general, we find that discs orbiting the innermost level of a HS can go polar. Conversely, radially extended discs orbiting the outer levels of a HS cannot polarly align and evolve as orbiting around a circular binary. We confirm our findings through detailed numerical simulations. Also, our results are compatible with the observed distribution of disc-orbit mutual inclination. Finally, we compare the observed distribution of disc inclinations in the binary and in the HS populations. Binaries host mainly coplanar discs, while HSs show a wide range of disc inclinations. We suggest that the wider range of inclinations in HSs results from the secular oscillation of their orbital parameters (such as Kozai-Lidov oscillations), rather than from a different initial condition or evolution between HSs and binaries.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
A data driven approach to integrated, inclusive sub-national energy planning in Kenya
Creators: name: Otieno, Victor
name: Ronoh, Douglas
name: Mentis, Dimitris
name: Odeera, Sarah
name: Ireri, Benson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: county
geospatial
toolkit
energy
emissions

description: Achievement of SDG7 requires extensive collaboration between national and subnational governments and the private sector. In 2020, Kenya's electricity access was 71% (urban 94% and rural 63%) while only 20% of the population had access to clean cooking (urban 44% and rural 5%). A better understanding of end-users' needs is needed to design viable electrification and clean cooking solutions. These vary from one location to another depending on several socio-economic characteristics, energy resource availability, and proximity to power infrastructure. However, such geospatial data are often either scarce, fragmented, inconsistent, or exist only at national levels. This hampers their use for integrated energy planning at subnational levels. This policy brief explains how we addressed some of the data challenges while developing a local energy plan for Narok County, Kenya. Through integration of traditional and digital tools, we collected granular data which provided insights and inputs for customizing the Energy Access Explorer for Narok County.
description: This material has been produced under the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) programme, which brings together leading research organizations and is led out of the STEER centre, Loughborough University. CCG is funded by UK aid from the UK government. However, the views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the UK government's official policies.
MOESM3 of Rodent-avoidance, topography and forest structure shape territory selection of a forest bird
Creators: name: Pasinelli, Gilberto
name: Grendelmeier, Alex
name: Gerber, Michael
name: RaphaĂŤl Arlettaz
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3. Modelling steps. Description of the three modelling steps (also see Fig.Â 3).
Additional file 5: of Label-free proteomic methodology for the analysis of human kidney stone matrix composition
Creators: name: Witzmann, Frank
name: Evan, Andrew
name: Coe, Fredric
name: Worcester, Elaine
name: Lingeman, James
name: Williams, James
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Functional Annotation Clustering of kidney stone matrix proteins obtained from the DAVID database. (PDF 100 kb)
An observational detection of the bridge effect of void filaments
Creators: name: Shim, Junsup
name: Lee, Jounghun
name: Hoyle, Fiona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bridge effect of void filaments is a phrase coined by Park & Lee (2009b) to explain the correlations found in a numerical experiment between the luminosity of the void galaxies and the degree of the straightness of their host filaments. Their numerical finding implies that a straight void filament provides a narrow channel for the efficient transportation of gas and matter particles from the surroundings into the void galaxies. Analyzing the Sloan void catalog constructed by Pan et al (2012), we identify the filamentary structures in void regions and determine the specific size of each void filament as a measure of its straightness. To avoid possible spurious signals caused by the Malmquist bias, we consider only those void filaments whose redshifts are in the range of 0=< z <= 0.02 and find a clear tendency that the void galaxies located in the more straight filaments are on average more luminous, which is in qualitative agreement with the numerical prediction. It is also shown that the strength of correlation increases with the number of the member galaxies of the void filaments, which can be physically understood on the grounds that the more stretched filaments can connect the dense surroundings even to the galaxies located deep in the central parts of the voids. This observational evidence may provide a key clue to the puzzling issue of why the void galaxies have higher specific star formation rates and bluer colors than their wall counterparts.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, the effect of the Malmquist bias on the correlations between the luminosity of the member galaxies and the straightness of the host filaments discussed and avoided by restricting the analysis to the lowest redshift bin, discussion improved, 9 figures, 1 table
Cepheid metallicity in the Leavitt law (C-MetaLL) survey -- III. Simultaneous derivation of the Gaia parallax offset and Period-Luminosity-Metallicity coefficients
Creators: name: Molinaro, R.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Romaniello, M.
name: Catanzaro, G.
name: Cusano, F.
name: De Somma, G.
name: Musella, I.
name: Storm, J.
name: Trentin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) are the most important standard candles in the extra-galactic distance scale thanks to the Period-Luminosity ($\rm PL$), Period-Luminosity-Color ($\rm PLC$) and Period-Wesenheit ($\rm PW$) relations that hold for these objects. The advent of the {\it Gaia} mission, and in particular the Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) provided accurate parallaxes to calibrate these relations. In order to fully exploit {\it Gaia} measurements, the zero point (ZP) of {\it Gaia} parallaxes should be determined with an accuracy of a few $\rm μas$. The individual ZP corrections provided by the {\it Gaia} team depend on the magnitude and the position on the sky of the target. In this paper, we use an implicit method that relies on the Cepheid $\rm PL$ and $\rm PW$ relations to evaluate the ensemble {\it Gaia} parallax zero point. The best inferred estimation of the offset value needed to additionally correct (after the {\it Gaia} team correction) the {\it Gaia} parallaxes of the present DCEP sample, amounts to $\rm -22\pm 4\, μas$. This value is in agreement with the most recent literature values and confirms that the correction proposed by the {\it Gaia} team over-corrected the parallaxes.\\ As a further application of our results, we derive an estimate of the Large Magellanic Cloud distance ($\rm μ_0=18.49\pm 0.06\, mag$), in very good agreement with the currently accepted value obtained through geometric methods.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The 107 GHz methanol transition is a dasar in G0.253+0.016
Creators: name: Bulatek, Alyssa
name: Ginsburg, Adam
name: Darling, Jeremy
name: Henkel, Christian
name: Menten, Karl M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of population anti-inversion in the $3_1 - 4_0\ A^+$ transition of CH$_3$OH (methanol) at 107.013831 GHz toward the Galactic Center cloud G0.253+0.016 ("The Brick"). Anti-inversion of molecular level populations can result in absorption lines against the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in a phenomenon known as a "dasar." We model the physical conditions under which the 107 GHz methanol transition dases and determine that dasing occurs at densities below $10^6$ cm$^{-3}$ and column densities between $10^{13}$ and $10^{16}$ cm$^{-2}$. We also find that for this transition, dasing does not strongly depend on the gas kinetic temperature. We evaluate the potential of this tool for future deep galaxy surveys. We note that other works have already reported absorption in this transition (e.g., in NGC 253), but we provide the first definitive evidence that it is absorption against the CMB rather than against undetected continuum sources.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ (August 14, 2023)
Optical bulk-boundary dichotomy in a quantum spin Hall insulator
Creators: name: Han, Junfeng
name: Mao, Pengcheng
name: Chen, Hailong
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Wang, Maoyuan
name: Chen, Dongyun
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Zheng, Jingchuan
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Ma, Dashuai
name: Ma, Qiong
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Zhou, Jinjian
name: Liu, Cheng-Cheng
name: Wang, Yeliang
name: Jia, Shuang
name: Weng, Yuxiang
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
name: Xiao, Wende
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk-boundary correspondence is a key concept in topological quantum materials. For instance, a quantum spin Hall insulator features a bulk insulating gap with gapless helical boundary states protected by the underlying Z2 topology. However, the bulk-boundary dichotomy and distinction are rarely explored in optical experiments, which can provide unique information about topological charge carriers beyond transport and electronic spectroscopy techniques. Here, we utilize mid-infrared absorption micro-spectroscopy and pump-probe micro-spectroscopy to elucidate the bulk-boundary optical responses of Bi4Br4, a recently discovered room-temperature quantum spin Hall insulator. Benefiting from the low energy of infrared photons and the high spatial resolution, we unambiguously resolve a strong absorption from the boundary states while the bulk absorption is suppressed by its insulating gap. Moreover, the boundary absorption exhibits a strong polarization anisotropy, consistent with the one-dimensional nature of the topological boundary states. Our infrared pump-probe microscopy further measures a substantially increased carrier lifetime for the boundary states, which reaches one nanosecond scale. The nanosecond lifetime is about one to two orders longer than that of most topological materials and can be attributed to the linear dispersion nature of the helical boundary states. Our findings demonstrate the optical bulk-boundary dichotomy in a topological material and provide a proof-of-principal methodology for studying topological optoelectronics.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
title: Αυθεντικοποίηση συσκευών IoT με χρήση έξυπνων συμβολαίων
title: IoT device authentication using smart contracts
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τασατζής, Χρήστος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Internet of Things
Blockchain
Κρυπτογραφία
Έξυπνα συμβόλαια

description: Η ταχεία εξάπλωση των συσκευών του Internet of Things (IoT) έχει δημιουργήσει πολυάριθμες ευκαιρίες για καινοτομία και ευκολία. Ωστόσο, τα εγγενή τρωτά σημεία των οικοσυστημάτων IoT δημιουργούν σημαντικές προκλήσεις, ιδίως στον τομέα της αυθεντικοποίησης και της ασφάλειας των δεδομένων. Η παρούσα εργασία διερευνά τις δυνατότητες των έξυπνων συμβολαίων, που τροφοδοτούνται από την τεχνολογία του blockchain, ως μέσο για την αυθεντικοποίηση και την επικοινωνία μεταξύ των συσκευών IoT. Οι παραδοσιακοί μηχανισμοί αυθεντικοποίησης δυσκολεύονται να αντιμετωπίσουν τις μοναδικές απαιτήσεις των περιβαλλόντων IoT. Η δυναμική και αποκεντρωμένη φύση των δικτύων IoT απαιτεί μια λύση αυθεντικοποίησης που να είναι ασφαλής, διαφανής και ικανή να χειριστεί την κλίμακα και την πολυπλοκότητα των διασυνδεδεμένων συσκευών. Τα έξυπνα συμβόλαια προσφέρουν μια συναρπαστική προσέγγιση για την αντιμετώπιση αυτών των προκλήσεων, αξιοποιώντας τις βασικές αρχές του blockchain, δηλαδή την αμεταβλητότητα, την αποκέντρωση και τη διαφάνεια. Η παρούσα εργασία διερευνά τα θεωρητικά θεμέλια της αυθεντικοποίησης του IoT και τις θεμελιώδεις έννοιες των έξυπνων συμβολαίων. Αναλύει τους υφιστάμενους μηχανισμούς ελέγχου ταυτότητας, επισημαίνοντας τους περιορισμούς και τις ευπάθειές τους στο πλαίσιο των συστημάτων IoT. Εισάγοντας τις έξυπνες συμβάσεις ως ασφαλές μέσο επικοινωνίας, η εργασία αυτή προτείνει ένα νέο πλαίσιο για την επίτευξη ισχυρής αυθεντικοποίησης και ακεραιότητας δεδομένων σε οικοσυστήματα IoT. Μέσω της έρευνας και ανάλυσης, η παρούσα εργασία έχει ως στόχο να συμβάλει στον αυξανόμενο όγκο γνώσεων στον τομέα των συστημάτων IoT με δυνατότητές αξιοποίησης του blockchain, καταδεικνύοντας τις δυνατότητες των έξυπνων συμβολαίων για την αυθεντικοποίηση, την ακεραιότητα των δεδομένων και την αποκεντρωμένη επικοινωνία. Ταυτόχρονα παρουσιάζει τις προκλήσεις που θα πρέπει να ερευνηθούν περαιτέρω στο μέλλον.
Role of initial separation for Richardson scaling of turbulent two-particle dispersion
Creators: name: Buaria, Dhawal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of initial separation for inertial range scaling of turbulent two-particle dispersion is reassessed in light of recent results. (slightly expanded version of Comment published in Physical Review Letters).
description: comment published in Physical review letters (doi below)
Anti-glitches within the standard scenario of pulsar glitches
Creators: name: Kantor, Elena
name: Gusakov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observation of a sudden spin down, occurring on a timescale not exceeding two weeks, of the magnetar 1E2259+586 (see Archibald et al. 2013, where this event was dubbed an `anti-glitch') has not still received any interpretation in terms of the standard scenario of pulsar glitches proposed by Anderson and Itoh (1975). Motivated by this observation, here we present a toy model that allows, under certain conditions, for anti-glitches in neutron stars within the standard approach.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
title: Does Demography Determine Democratic Attitudes?
Creators: name: Kotschy, Rainer
name: Sunde, Uwe
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2022

description: This paper presents new evidence on how demography affects democratic attitudes in Western democracies. Using individual survey responses, the empirical analysis disentangles age from cohort patterns and other contemporaneous economic and political influences that shape democratic attitudes. The results reveal that support for democracy increases with age and is lower for more recent birth cohorts. These patterns are more pronounced in Western democracies than in the former Eastern bloc and in other countries around the world. Additional findings document that demography's effect partly captures heterogeneity in experiences with democracy, and that socioeconomic factors impact democratic attitudes.
title: Brasilien vor dem Blackout?
title: Ursachen und Konsequenzen der brasilianischen Elektrizitätskrise
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Calcagnotto, Gilberto
name: Jorun, Poettering
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2001

description: Seit dem 4. Juni 2001 unterliegen die brasilianischen Regionen des Nordostens, Mittelwestens und Südostens einem strengen Stromsparprogramm, welches den Elektrizitätsverbrauch um 20% verringern soll. Alle Haushalte, die in den Monaten Mai, Juni und Juli des vergangenen Jahres im Monatsdurchschnitt mehr als 100 kWh verbraucht haben, sind gehalten, mindestens 20% einzusparen. Großindustrie und Handel werden auf ähnliche Weise verpflichtet, ihren Energieverbrauch um 15 bis 25% zu senken, mittelständische Unternehmen um 20% und Agrarbetriebe um 10% (brazil report 29.5.2001; Jornal do Brasil 5.6.2001). Hinter diesen Maßnahmen steckt nicht nur eine in den betroffenen Regionen in diesem Ausmaß noch nie dagewesene Trockenperiode, die schon über fünf Jahre anhält. Nach Eingeständnis des Staatspräsidenten selbst sind auch unentschuldbare Versäumnisse der Administration dafür verantwortlich. Der Weg, auf dem Brasilien mit Sicherheit auch aus dieser Krise herausfinden wird, kann zu einem entwicklungspolitischen Lehrpfad werden. Denn anders als in Chile und Kalifornien kann für die Stromkrise hier nicht die Privatisierung der Stromerzeugergesellschaften – in Brasilien immer noch zu 70% in staatlicher Hand – als Ursache herhalten.
Discovering Higgs boson pair production through rare final states at a 100 TeV collider
Creators: name: Papaefstathiou, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Higgs boson pair production at a future proton collider with centre-of-mass energy of 100 TeV, focusing on rare final states that include a bottom-anti-bottom quark pair and multiple isolated leptons: $hh \rightarrow (b\bar{b}) + n \ell + X$, $n = \{2,4\}$, $X = \{ E_T^\mathrm{miss}, γ, -\}$. We construct experimental search strategies for observing the process through these channels and make suggestions on the desired requirements for the detector design of the future collider.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables. Matches published version