cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weight Gain in the First 28 Days after Weaning on Five Commercial Cow-Calf Farms
Creators: name: Currin, J. F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: The last three years have seen large increases in the costs to keep a cow calf pair for a year. Annual costs have risen from $325-$400 per cow calf pair per year to $475-$550 per cow calf pair (SPA data) over the last three years. These increases have occurred at the same time as a downturn in the price per pound of beef calves. Calf prices in 2008 averaged $0.07 per pound less than 2008 prices and for the last quarter of 2008 averaged $0.07 less than the 10 year average for calf prices (data from Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services). Reducing expenses alone will not allow producers to maintain profitability in most cases. In order to have revenue exceed the cost of production, cow calf producers must find ways to increase the value of the calves they sell. Preconditioning programs offer one opportunity for producers to increase the net value of the calves they sell. Over a 12 year period calves sold through a preconditioning program brought $46 per head more than calves marketed the same week that had not been preconditioned (data from Virginia Quality Assured Program). The single biggest hurdle to participating in a preconditioning program is weaning calves. Weaning calves on the farm is no longer a common practice for most small to mid-size producers. These calves are instead commonly marketed directly off the cow. The dogma has become that weaning calves is not worth it because it will take 30 days for calves to put the weight back on that they lose during the weaning process. This project was designed to demonstrate that it is possible to wean calves under a variety of conditions and have those calves gain weight during the 28 days following weaning.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
On Hardy's Apology Numbers
Creators: name: Koppelaar, Henk
name: Nasehpour, Peyman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A08, 97R80

description: Twelve well known `Recreational' numbers are generalized and classified in three generalized types Hardy, Dudeney, and Wells. A novel proof method to limit the search for the numbers is exemplified for each of the types. Combinatorial operators are defined to ease programming the search.
Evaluating Health, Performance and Behavior in Beef Stocker Calves Administered Two Preventive Health Protocols
Creators: name: Hanzlicek, G. A.
name: White, B. J.
name: Renter, D. G.
name: Blasi, D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Preventive health protocols in beef stocker calves often contain a variety of component combinations including biologics, antimicrobials, and parasiticides. These protocols are employed to decrease detrimental health events, but calf performance and behavior may also be impacted by the effect of product administration methods. Our objective was to compare calf behavior, health, and performance between a minimally invasive protocol (MIN) and a more invasive protocol (MOR) during a backgrounding phase.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
The N/O ratio in early B-type main sequence stars as an indicator of their evolution
Creators: name: Lyubimkov, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that, in the case of early B-type main-sequence stars, of the three ratios N/C, C/O, and N/O which are regarded as indicators of stellar evolution, the ratio N/O is more reliable since it seems to be insensitive to overionization of the NII and OII ions. On the other hand, the N/C and C/O ratios, which include carbon, may contain systematic errors for stars with Teff > 18500 K because of neglected overionization of CII ions. The ratio N/O is studied in the atmospheres of 46 early main-sequence B stars. These values of N/O are examined as functions of the effective temperature, age, rotation speed, and mass of the stars. Most early B-stars in the main sequence are found to have [N / O] = 0 , which indicates that N/O varies little during the main sequence stage, and this result is independent of the basic parameters listed above. There are two explanations for the large number of stars with [N / O] = 0 : it is predicted theoretically that for an initial rotation velocity V0 < 100 km/s, N/O varies little toward the end of the main sequence stage ([N/O] < 0.2) and observations show that most early main-sequence B-stars do actually have low initial rotation velocities V0. The few early main-sequence B-stars with higher [N/O] = 0.4-0.8 correspond to models with rotation velocities V0 = 200-300 km/s. This conclusion is consistent with earlier data for stars with the same masses in a later stage of evolution: the AFG-supergiant and bright giant stage.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Polarization of Rayleigh scattered Lyα in active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Chang, Seok-Jun
name: Lee, Hee-Won
name: Yang, Yujin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unification scheme of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) invokes an optically thick molecular torus component hiding the broad emission line region. Assuming the presence of a thick neutral component in the molecular torus characterized by a \ion{H}{I} column density > $10^{22}{\rm\ cm^{-2}}$, we propose that far UV radiation around Ly$α$ can be significantly polarized through Rayleigh scattering. Adopting a Monte Carlo technique we compute polarization of Rayleigh scattered radiation near Ly$α$ in a thick neutral region in the shape of a slab and a cylindrical shell. It is found that radiation near Ly$α$ Rayleigh reflected from a very thick slab can be significantly polarized in a fairly large range of wavelength $Δλ\sim 50$ Å exhibiting a flux profile similar to the incident one. Rayleigh transmitted radiation in a slab is characterized by the central dip with a complicated polarization behavior. The optically thick part near Ly$α$ center is polarized in the direction perpendicular to the slab normal, which is in contrast to weakly polarized wing parts in the direction parallel to the slab normal. A similar polarization flip phenomenon is also found in the case of a tall cylindrical shell, in which the spatial diffusion along the vertical direction near the inner cylinder wall for core photons leads to a tendency of the electric field aligned to the direction perpendicular to the vertical axis. Observational implications are briefly discussed including spectropolarimetry of the quasar PG~1630+377 by Koratkar et al. in 1990 where Ly$α$ is strongly polarized with no other emission lines polarized.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures
Bilingual, Digital, Audio-visual Training Modules Improve Technical Knowledge of Feedlot Workers
Creators: name: Reinhardt, C. D.
name: Thomson, D. U.
name: Retzlaff, D. D.
name: Valles, J. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: As best management practices evolve and technologies are updated across the beef industry, a rapid method of implementing the updates in knowledge would facilitate more rapid and complete industry-wide compliance.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Highly irregular orbits for subshifts of finite type: large intersections and emergence
Creators: name: Nakano, Yushi
name: Zelerowicz, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In their recent paper [KNS2019], the first author, S. Kiriki, and T. Soma introduced a concept of pointwise emergence to measure the complexity of irregular orbits. They constructed a residual subset of the full shift with high pointwise emergence. In this paper we consider the set of points with high pointwise emergence for topologically mixing subshifts of finite type. We show that this set has full topological entropy, full Hausdorff dimension, and full topological pressure for any Hölder continuous potential. Furthermore, we show that this set belongs to a certain class of sets with large intersection property. This is a natural generalization of [FP2011] to pointwise emergence and Carathéodory dimension.
description: Accepted for publication in Nonlinearity
Profiles of serum amino acids to screen for catabolic and inflammation status in calves with mycoplasma bronchopneumonia
Creators: name: Tsukano, K.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Asano, R.
name: Sarashina, S.
name: Niehaus, A.
name: Lakritz, J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Amino acid metabolism in cancer cells is significantly altered compared with that of normal cells. These changes are also reflected in the plasma amino acid profiles of patients with various types of inflammatory disease in human. Our hypothesis is that serum amino acid profiles of calves with mycoplasma Effecbronchopneumonia will be similar to those in human disease due to the inflammation and generalized catabolic state of these animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships with serum amino acid profiles, total amino acids (TAA), branched amino acid:aromatic amino acid (BCAA/AAA) ratio, branched chain amino acid to tyrosine ratio (BTR) and serine to phosphorserine ratio (SPR) in calves with lung inflammation associated with mycoplasma bronchopneumonia. Receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curves was constructed to describe the performance of amino acid profiles in calves with mycoplasma bronchopneumonia. These data may be useful diagnostically and prognostically in calves with bronchopneumonia.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Tardigrades: an imaging approach, a record of occurrence, and a biodiversity inventory
Creators: name: Schulze, Steven Louis
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Three unrelated studies that address several aspects of the biology of tardigrades -- morphology, records of occurrence, and local biodiversity -- are herein described. Chapter 1 is a collaborative effort and meant to provide supplementary scanning electron micrographs for a forthcoming description of a genus of tardigrade. Three micrographs illustrate the structures that will be used to distinguish this genus from its confamilials. An In toto lateral view presents the external structures relative to one another. A second micrograph shows a dentate collar at the distal end of each of the fourth pair of legs, a posterior sensory organ (cirrus E), basal spurs at the base of two of four claws on each leg, and a ventral plate. The third micrograph illustrates an appendage on the second leg (p2) of the animal and a lateral appendage (C′) at the posterior sinistral margin of the first paired plate (II). This image also reveals patterning on the plate margin and the leg. A fourth image presents the tip of a feeding stylet, which is normally retracted into the body.Chapter 2 compares unknown marine specimens collected in New Jersey to Neoechiniscoides pollocki Møbjerg et al., 2019 (=Echiniscoides pollocki Hallas & Kristensen, 1982). We provisionally consider the specimens Neoechiniscoides cf. pollocki, due to their warty cuticle, cephalic sensory appendages (internal and external cirri) that terminate in star-like arrays of projections, 8,8,8,7 claw configuration, and the absence of tertiary clavae.Chapter 3 is an inventory of tardigrades on Plummers Island, Maryland that adds the phylum Tardigrada to the list of known taxa from the island. The genera Astatumen and Diphascon are new records for the state of Maryland, while the genera Milnesium, Macrobiotus, and Minibiotus were also recovered. Tardigrades were found in higher abundance in the eastern sites than the western sites, and eggs were only recovered from two sites.
Real-time detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus using detection dogs
Creators: name: Angle, T. C.
name: Passler, T.
name: Waggoner, L. P.
name: Fischer, T. D.
name: Rogers, B.
name: Galik, P.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Viral infections are ubiquitous in humans, animals, and plants. Real-time methods to identify viral infections are limited and no rapidly deployable detection technology exists. Previous research identified that tissues produce unique volatile organic compounds (VOC) and demonstrated that VOC concentrations change during pathologic states including infection, neoplasia, or metabolic disease. Patterns of VOC expression may be pathogen-specific and may be associated with an odor that could be used for disease detection.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Effect of injectable castration regimen administered at branding on gain performance, testosterone production, and testicle atrophy in beef bull calves
Creators: name: Powell, J. G.
name: Beck, P. A.
name: Kegley, E. B.
name: Apple, J. K.
name: Cox, D. R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: The USDA estimates 15 million castration procedures are performed annually on bull calves in the United States. Currently, no commercially available injectable sterilization methods exist for beef cattle in the US. Some zinc solutions have been utilized in other in other species, such as companion animals, as an injectable sterilization method. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of a zinc solution as an injectable castration method when administered at 3 dosages to beef bull calves at branding. The effect of the injectable castration method on weight gain, testosterone production, and testicle atrophy was measured.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
title: Use of coupled circulation and ecosystem NPZ models to characterise food conditions of anchovy in the Bay of Biscay
Creators: name: Pecquerie, Laure
name: Huret, Martin
name: Petitgas, Pierre
name: Menesguen, Alain
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - P - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In order to study the influence of environmental conditions on the growth and reproduction of planktonophageous small-pelagic species, we shall first describe the nature of the food conditions and quantify them. The anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) population of the Bay of Biscay was considered. The annual cycle of the primary production in the Bay of Biscay continental shelf is studied using a 3D hydrodynamical model coupled with a biogeochemical model. The latter includes the nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon cycles and models two classes of phytoplankton: diatoms and dinoflagellates and one class of zooplankton. The model simulates the most commonly observed seasonal and spatial characteristic features of the primary production: early blooms associated with haline stratification and particular conditions of light that lead to phosphorus-limited blooms in late spring, nutrient-limited production in summer and a secondary peak of production in autumn. The outputs of the model are computed on different areas and seasons selected according to the growth and reproduction of the anchovy population. We focus on the spring-summer period relevant to the reproduction/growth/migration behaviour of anchovy. This will lead to the evaluation of the model outputs for an energetic budget modelling approach of anchovy growth and reproduction.
Kenyon-Flatt NSF PRFB 2020
Creators: name: Kenyon-Flatt, Brittany
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Main text for NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology (PRFB) application. Grant was funded in June 2020.
Gravity and handedness of photons
Creators: name: Agullo, Ivan
name: del Rio, Adrian
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields are altered in presence of a strong gravitational background, with important physical consequences. We argue that a non-trivial spacetime geometry can act as an optically active medium for quantum electromagnetic radiation, in such a way that the state of polarization of radiation changes in time, even in the absence of electromagnetic sources. This is a quantum effect, and is a consequence of an anomaly related to the classical invariance under electric-magnetic duality rotations in Maxwell theory.
description: First Award in the 2017 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation
Comparison of 2 synchronization protocols in conjunction with delayed insemination in non-responders using sexed semen in beef heifers
Creators: name: Newcomer, Benjamin W.
name: Armstrong, Chance L.
name: Riddell, Kay P.
name: Edmondson, Misty A.
name: Walz, Paul H.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: The objective of this study was to compare estrus synchronization and fixed-timed artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols in commercial beef heifers to be bred with sexed semen. Secondly, the trial evaluated the benefit of delaying insemination for 24 hours in heifers not demonstrating estrous activity following synchronization and prior to FTAI.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation and gene programs distinguish TST/IGRA sensitization outcomes among Mycobacterium tuberculosis exposed persons living with HIV.
Creators: name: Kroon, Elouise E
name: Correa-Macedo, Wilian
name: Evans, Rachel
name: Seeger, Allison
name: Engelbrecht, Lize
name: Kriel, Jurgen A
name: Loos, Ben
name: Okugbeni, Naomi
name: Orlova, Marianna
name: Cassart, Pauline
name: Kinnear, Craig J
name: Tromp, Gerard C
name: Möller, Marlo
name: Wilkinson, Robert J
name: Coussens, Anna K
name: Schurr, Erwin
name: Hoal, Eileen G
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Infectious Disease
subject: Infectious Disease
classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms

description: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) have an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB). After prolonged and repeated exposure, some PLWH never develop TB and show no evidence of immune sensitization to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) as defined by persistently negative tuberculin skin tests (TST) and interferon gamma release assays (IGRA). This group has been identified and defined as HIV+ persistently TB, tuberculin and IGRA negative (HITTIN). To investigate potential innate mechanisms unique to individuals with the HITTIN phenotype we compared their neutrophil Mtb infection response to that of PLWH, with no TB history, but who test persistently IGRA positive, and tuberculin positive (HIT). Neutrophil samples from 17 HITTIN (PMNHITTIN) and 11 HIT (PMNHIT) were isolated and infected with Mtb H37Rv for 1h and 6h. RNA was extracted and used for RNAseq analysis. Since there was no significant differential transcriptional response at 1h between infected PMNHITTIN and PMNHIT, we focused on the 6h timepoint. When compared to uninfected PMN, PMNHITTIN displayed 3106 significantly upregulated and 3548 significantly downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (absolute cutoff of a log2FC of 0.2, FDR < 0.05) whereas PMNHIT demonstrated 3816 significantly upregulated and 3794 significantly downregulated DEGs following 6h Mtb infection. Contrasting the log2FC 6h infection response to Mtb from PMNHITTIN against PMNHIT, 2285 genes showed significant differential response between the two groups. Overall PMNHITTIN had a lower fold change response to Mtb infection compared to PMNHIT. According to pathway enrichment, Apoptosis and NETosis were differentially regulated between HITTIN and HIT PMN responses after 6h Mtb infection. To corroborate the blunted NETosis transcriptional response measured among HITTIN, fluorescence microscopy revealed relatively lower neutrophil extracellular trap formation and cell loss in PMNHITTIN compared to PMNHIT, showing that PMNHITTIN have a distinct response to Mtb.
title: A one-dimensional model for the vertical distribution of fish eggs: sensitivity analysis and validation
Creators: name: Petitgas, Pierre
name: Magri, Stephanie
name: Lazure, Pascal
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - P - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Modelling the vertical distribution of fish eggs results of prior importance when monitoring fish population reproductive potential in the context of conservation plans from fast underway continuous samplers, as well as for adequate sampling when assessing fish stocks with egg production methods. Fish eggs being passive particles, their vertical distribution is determined by a few parameters amongst which density, dimension, wind and tidal induced turbulence, and vertical hydrological structure. A one-dimensional vertical bio-physical numerical model was developed which was adapted to the hydrology of shelf seas under the influence of tidal currents, wind induced circulation and river discharges. The biological part of the model parameterised the ascent velocity of the egg as a function of egg properties (dimension, density) and water properties (density, viscosity, turbulence). Being dynamic, the model had a turbulence closure achieved by a k-l scheme. The model parameters were the surface wind, the tidal current, the T-S profile and the egg diameter and density which were kept constant in time. The model had the capacity to generate sub-surface egg maxima in particular conditions, e.g., in areas under the influence of river plumes, as well as homogenise the egg distribution under wind and tide forcing. Sensitivity tests were carried out to study the response of the model to variations in the model parameters, for a variety of hydrological conditions. The modelled egg vertical distributions were validated by comparison of the model results with egg distributions sampled in the field. The analysis highlighted variability in fish egg density of anchovy sardine and sprat across years and stations with a potential link between egg density and surface sea water density. The validated model is a tool for the analysis of shelf seas fish egg vertical distributions.
D1.5 Data Management Plan
Creators: name: Florindi, Francesco
name: Beltran Venegas, VIridiana
name: Adeniran, Ayodeji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The ERIC Forum DMP includes information on: - what data will be collected, processed and/or generated - which methodology & standards will be applied - whether data will be shared/made open access and - how data will be curated & preserved (including after the end of the project). The DMP will be produced in line with the FAIR principles (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable), and with attention to the ethical requirements stated in Work Package 7 (WP7).
The variance of relative surprisal as single-shot quantifier
Creators: name: Boes, Paul
name: Ng, Nelly H. Y.
name: Wilming, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variance of (relative) surprisal, also known as varentropy, so far mostly plays a role in information theory as quantifying the leading order corrections to asymptotic i.i.d.~limits. Here, we comprehensively study the use of it to derive single-shot results in (quantum) information theory. We show that it gives genuine sufficient and necessary conditions for approximate state-transitions between pairs of quantum states in the single-shot setting, without the need for further optimization. We also clarify its relation to smoothed min- and max-entropies, and construct a monotone for resource theories using only the standard (relative) entropy and variance of (relative) surprisal. This immediately gives rise to enhanced lower bounds for entropy production in random processes. We establish certain properties of the variance of relative surprisal which will be useful for further investigations, such as uniform continuity and upper bounds on the violation of sub-additivity. Motivated by our results, we further derive a simple and physically appealing axiomatic single-shot characterization of (relative) entropy which we believe to be of independent interest. We illustrate our results with several applications, ranging from interconvertibility of ergodic states, over Landauer erasure to a bound on the necessary dimension of the catalyst for catalytic state transitions and Boltzmann's H-theorem.
description: v3: published version
ESTILOS DE LIDERANÇA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO RAMO IMOBILIÁRIO, NA CIDADE DE PALMAS-TO
Creators: name: Polliane Tavares de SOUSA
name: Cejana Marques BORGES
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Gestão de Pessoas
Estilos de Liderança
Mercado Imobiliário

description: RESUMO

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal identificar e analisar quais os estilos de liderança dos gestores de uma imobiliária X no município de Palmas - TO, a partir da perspectiva dos liderados. Optou-se pelo método dedutivo e caracterizou-se quanto aos fins como descritiva; e com levantamento teórico de abordagem quantitativa. Para avaliar os estilos de liderança, utilizou-se o questionário Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-6s), simplificado por Bass e Avolio (1995), adaptado por Northouse (2004), conforme encontrado na pesquisa de Santos (2019), com ajustes necessários para a presente investigação. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de técnicas estatísticas, os resultados revelaram que o estilo de liderança predominante do líder/gestor da imobiliária é o laissez-faire, sendo o estilo transformacional adotado em nível moderado. Por outro lado, o estilo transacional apresentou o menor desempenho e menor concordância entre os liderados, sendo percebido como pouco frequente e pouco evidente.
Comparison of an alternative diagnostic sampling technique for Tritrichomonas foetus in cattle
Creators: name: Lammers, B.
name: Dohlman, T. M.
name: Phillips, P. E.
name: Gauger, P. C.
name: Dewell, G. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Bovine trichomoniasis is emerging as a major concern in the beef industry. Standard breeding soundness exams may not include evaluation for venereal diseases. Recent advancements in PCR diagnostics have increased the ability to detect the disease in asymptomatic bulls. However, the greatest limitation is proper collection of an adequate sample. Furthermore, the low repeatability of most sample collection techniques can cause confusion and misdiagnosis. The aim of the study was to identify a technique that increased sensitivity and could easily be used during breeding soundness exams.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Mixing and observation for Markov operator cocycles
Creators: name: Nakamura, Fumihiko
name: Nakano, Yushi
name: Toyokawa, Hisayoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider generalized definitions of mixing and exactness for random dynamical systems in terms of Markov operator cocycles. We first give six fundamental definitions of mixing for Markov operator cocycles in view of observations of the randomness in environments, and show that they can be reduced into two different groups. Secondly, we give the definition of exactness for Markov operator cocycles and show that Lin's criterion for exactness can be naturally extended to the case of Markov operator cocycles. Finally, in the class of asymptotically periodic Markov operator cocycles, we show the Lasota-Mackey type equivalence between mixing, exactness and asymptotic stability.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Sparse reconstruction of electric fields from radial magnetic data
Creators: name: Yeates, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate estimates of the horizontal electric field on the Sun's visible surface are important not only for estimating the Poynting flux of magnetic energy into the corona but also for driving time-dependent magnetohydrodynamic models of the corona. In this paper, a method is developed for estimating the horizontal electric field from a sequence of radial-component magnetic field maps. This problem of inverting Faraday's law has no unique solution. Unfortunately, the simplest solution (a divergence-free electric field) is not realistically localized in regions of non-zero magnetic field, as would be expected from Ohm's law. Our new method generates instead a localized solution, using a basis pursuit algorithm to find a sparse solution for the electric field. The method is shown to perform well on test cases where the input magnetic maps are flux balanced, in both Cartesian and spherical geometries. However, we show that if the input maps have a significant imbalance of flux - usually arising from data assimilation - then it is not possible to find a localized, realistic, electric field solution. This is the main obstacle to driving coronal models from time sequences of solar surface magnetic maps.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, to appear in ApJ
Linear Superiorization for Infeasible Linear Programming
Creators: name: Censor, Yair
name: Zur, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Linear superiorization (abbreviated: LinSup) considers linear programming (LP) problems wherein the constraints as well as the objective function are linear. It allows to steer the iterates of a feasibility-seeking iterative process toward feasible points that have lower (not necessarily minimal) values of the objective function than points that would have been reached by the same feasiblity-seeking iterative process without superiorization. Using a feasibility-seeking iterative process that converges even if the linear feasible set is empty, LinSup generates an iterative sequence that converges to a point that minimizes a proximity function which measures the linear constraints violation. In addition, due to LinSup's repeated objective function reduction steps such a point will most probably have a reduced objective function value. We present an exploratory experimental result that illustrates the behavior of LinSup on an infeasible LP problem.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1612.06533
title: Preliminary results of the effects of different levels of trawl fishing activity on benthos and sediment from fishing grounds in European waters (Irish Sea, Adriatic Sea, and Catalan Sea)
Creators: name: De Juan, S.
name: Hinz, H.
name: Kaiser, M.
name: Palanques, A.
name: Guillén, J.
name: Sanchez, P.
name: De Biasi, A.
name: Sartor, P.
name: Demestre, M.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - P - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Three European otter trawl fishing grounds in the Irish Sea (UK), Adriatic Sea (Italy) and Mediterranean Catalan Sea (Spain), which are subjected to seasonal and spatialvariability in fishing effort during the year, are currently under investigation to study the effects of commercial trawling on benthic communities and sediment. Bottom trawl fisheries affect benthic community structure and habitat morphology. The impact level depends on fishing intensity, and high intensities possiblychange benthic communities for considerable time scales. Although numerous studies have shown a direct relationship between fishing impact and community structure in experimental approaches (Gislasonet al., 2000; Kaiser et al. 2000; Kaiser & de Groot, 2000), it has been difficult to associate observed changes in benthic communities with fishing effort on real fishing grounds.
Quantum error mitigation as a universal error-minimization technique: applications from NISQ to FTQC eras
Creators: name: Suzuki, Yasunari
name: Endo, Suguru
name: Fujii, Keisuke
name: Tokunaga, Yuuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the early years of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC), it is expected that the available code distance and the number of magic states will be restricted due to the limited scalability of quantum devices and the insufficient computational power of classical decoding units. Here, we integrate quantum error correction and quantum error mitigation into an efficient FTQC architecture that effectively increases the code distance and $T$-gate count at the cost of constant sampling overheads in a wide range of quantum computing regimes. For example, while we need $10^4$ to $10^{10}$ logical operations for demonstrating quantum advantages from optimistic and pessimistic points of view, we show that we can reduce the required number of physical qubits by $80\%$ and $45\%$ in each regime. From another perspective, when the achievable code distance is up to about 11, our scheme allows executing $10^3$ times more logical operations. This scheme will dramatically alleviate the required computational overheads and hasten the arrival of the FTQC era.
description: 33 pages, 23 figures
Assessment of colostrum quality in dairy cattle using digital and optical Brix refractometers
Creators: name: Elsohaby, I.
name: McClure, J. T.
name: Keefe, G. P.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Colostrum contains a high concentration of immunoglobulins (particularly IgGl) that is an important source of immunity for newborn calves. Insufficient ingestion and absorption of colostral IgG results in failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). FTPI increases the calf's risk of infection, morbidity and mortality. Therefore, measuring IgG concentration in colostrum prior to feeding and storage is a useful colostral management tool. Brix refractometers, either digital or optical have been used to estimate the colostral IgG concentration. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of both digital and optical Brix refractometers for assessing colostrum quality in dairy cows, and to evaluate the agreement between the 2 types of Brix refractometers.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Anomalous Lattice Behavior of Vanadium Pentaoxide (V2O5): X- Ray Diffraction, Inelastic Neutron Scattering and ab-initio Lattice Dynamics
Creators: name: Singh, Baltej
name: Gupt, Mayanak Kumar
name: Mishra, Sanjay Kumar
name: Mittal, Ranjan
name: Sastrya, P. U.
name: Rols, Stephane
name: Chaplot, Samrath Lal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the structural and dynamical studies of layered vanadium pentaoxide (V2O5). The temperature dependent X-ray diffraction measurements reveal highly anisotropic and anomalous thermal expansion from 12 K to 853 K. The results do not show any evidence of structural phase transition or decomposition of α-V2O5, contrary to the previous transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) experiments. The inelastic neutron scattering measurements performed up to 673 K corroborate the result of our X-ray diffraction measurements. The analysis of the experimental data is carried out using ab-initio lattice dynamics calculation. The important role of van der-Waals dispersion and Hubbard interactions on the structure and dynamics is revealed through the ab-initio calculations. The calculated anisotropic thermal expansion behavior agrees well with temperature dependent X- ray diffraction. The mechanism of anisotropic thermal expansion and anisotropic linear compressibility is discussed in terms of calculated anisotropy in Grüneisen parameters and elastic coefficients. The calculated Gibbs free energy in various phases of V2O5 is used to understand the high pressure and temperature phase diagram of the compound. Softening of elastic constant (C66) with pressure suggests a possibility of shear mechanism for α to \b{eta} phase transformation under pressure.
description: 36 pages, 13 Figures
Generalized Rescaled Polya urn and its statistical applications
Creators: name: Aletti, Giacomo
name: Crimaldi, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60F05, 60F15, 62F03 (Primary) 62F05, 62L20 (Secondary)

description: We introduce the Generalized Rescaled Polya (GRP) urn, that provides a generative model for a chi-squared test of goodness of fit for the long-term probabilities of clustered data, with independence between clusters and correlation, due to a reinforcement mechanism, inside each cluster. We apply the proposed test to a data set of Twitter posts about COVID-19 pandemic: in a few words, for a classical chi-squared test the data result strongly significant for the rejection of the null hypothesis (the daily long-run sentiment rate remains constant), but, taking into account the correlation among data, the introduced test leads to a different conclusion. Beside the statistical application, we point out that the GRP urn is a simple variant of the standard Eggenberger-Polya urn, that, with suitable choices of the parameters, shows "local" reinforcement, almost sure convergence of the empirical mean to a deterministic limit and different asymptotic behaviours of the predictive mean. Moreover, the study of this model provides the opportunity to analyze stochastic approximation dynamics, that are unusual in the related literature.
Assisting with Calvings
Creators: name: Smith, David R.
name: Hostetler, Douglas
name: Westphal, Sherry
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: The veterinary technician can be of valuable assistance in difficult calving situations. First, the technician can advise the producer when veterinary care may be needed by knowing predisposing factors to dystocia in the dam and calf and recognizing the signs that indicate a need for birthing assistance. Second, technicians familiar with the uses of obstetric equipment can be prepared to help the veterinarian use them efficiently. Third, technicians with knowledge of common dystocia scenarios and aftercare can help assure an efficient delivery and increase the probability for a successful outcome. Finally, the technician can play a critical role in protecting the health and safety of the people and animals by remaining vigilant for hazards and maintaining sanitation and hygiene.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Scaling Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient accelerators with reverse bend and spiral edge angle
Creators: name: Machida, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel scaling type of Fixed-Field Alternating-Gradient (FFAG) accelerator is proposed that solves the major problems of conventional scaling FFAGs. This scaling FFAG accelerator combines reverse bending magnets of the radial sector type and a spiral edge angle of the spiral sector type to ensure sufficient vertical focusing without relying on extreme values of either parameter. This new concept makes it possible to design a scaling FFAG for high energy (above GeV range) applications such as a proton driver for a spallation neutron source and an accelerator driven subcritical reactor.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be submitted to a journal paper
title: Prey-specific gastric evacuation of Norwegian spring spawning herring (Clupea harengus)
Creators: name: Årnes, Cecilie Broms T.
name: Melle, Webjørn
name: Thorsen., Anders
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - P - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Gastric evacuation rates have earlier mainly been measured based on laboratory experiments. The aim of this study is to obtain information of gastric evacuation rates when the herring are feeding in their natural environment. Gastric evacuation field study was performed on Norwegian spring spawning herring (Clupea harengus) based on two catches obtained by purs-seining in the Norwegian Sea between 1 and 4 June 2002. After capture the herring were kept in the seine for about 24 hours, and during that time usually more than 20 individuals were sampled from the catch at time intervals of approximately three hours and frozen. The herring sub-samples were taken with gillnet stretched out in the seine. Sea surface temperature was noted at the ships sensors at the time of sampling. In the laboratory the stomach contents were identified to the lowest taxonomic group, dried and weighed, and used to calculate the prey-specific evacuation rates. In general the exponential model gave the best description of the evacuation rates for all the different prey types, but the results were unequivocal. The herring tend to have rapid digestion, and after 24 h most of the stomach contents were evacuated. There were no significant (P<0.05) differences in the gastric evacuation rates between any of the prey categories, and a temperature difference of 1.9 °C had no effect on the gastric evacuation rates. Knowledge of gastric evacuation is important for the quantification of the daily food consumption of herring, and the estimation of the predatory impact of herring in the Norwegian Sea.
Wormhole Shadows
Creators: name: Ohgami, Takayuki
name: Sakai, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method of detecting Ellis wormholes by use of the images of wormholes surrounded by optically thin dust. First, we derive steady solutions of dust and more general medium surrounding the wormhole by solving relativistic Euler equations. We find two types of dust solutions: one is a static solution with arbitrary density profile, and the other is a solution of dust which passes into the wormhole and escapes into the other side with constant velocity. Next, solving null geodesic equations and radiation transfer equations, we investigate the images of the wormhole surrounded by dust for the above steady solutions. Because the wormhole spacetime possesses unstable circular orbits of photons, a bright ring appears in the image, just as in Schwarzschild spacetime. This indicates that the appearance of a bright ring solely confirms neither a black hole nor a wormhole. However, we find that the intensity contrast between the inside and the outside of the ring are quite different. Therefore, we could tell the difference between an Ellis wormhole and a black hole with high-resolution very-long-baseline-interferometry observations in the near future.
description: 8 pages, 8 figure. Published in Phys.Rev. D91 (2015) no.12, 124020
A New Health Care Delivery System and the Economics of Utilizing Veterinary Technicians
Creators: name: Galligan, D. T.
name: Ferguson, J. D.
name: Munson, R.
name: Remsburg, D.
name: Kelly, A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Population growth, global transformations, technological advances, and changing societal concerns on food production are inevitable and are challenging the way we produce food. Increasing global demand for animal products in the developing world, along with rapid urbanization, increasing energy costs, decreasing availability of quality arable land as well as water quality issues, place additional constraints on current food animal production systems. Indeed, the generational challenge to emerging food animal veterinary students is "how to feed the growing world without destroying the environment". The future food animal health care system and the veterinary professionals serving within will have to adapt to these changes in a manner that advances societal needs and meets demands in a responsible manner. To be relevant problem solvers in this global challenge, future veterinarians must be trained in diverse disciplines (epidemiology, management, ecology, economics, production systems, environmental sciences, nutrition) and even more importantly, have the ability to formulate integrated solutions to these complex challenges.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Impact of ejecta morphology and composition on the electromagnetic signatures of neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Wollaeger, Ryan T.
name: Korobkin, Oleg
name: Fontes, Christopher J.
name: Rosswog, Stephan K.
name: Even, Wesley P.
name: Fryer, Christopher L.
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Hungerford, Aimee L.
name: van Rossum, Daniel R.
name: Wollaber, Allan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic transients accompanying compact binary mergers ($γ$-ray bursts, afterglows and 'macronovae') are crucial to pinpoint the sky location of gravitational wave sources. Macronovae are caused by the radioactivity from freshly synthesised heavy elements, e.g. from dynamic ejecta and various types of winds. We study macronova signatures by using multi-dimensional radiative transfer calculations. We employ the radiative transfer code SuperNu and state-of-the-art LTE opacities for a few representative elements from the wind and dynamical ejecta (Cr, Pd, Se, Te, Br, Zr, Sm, Ce, Nd, U) to calculate synthetic light curves and spectra for a range of ejecta morphologies. The radioactive power of the resulting macronova is calculated with the detailed input of decay products. We assess the detection prospects for our most complex models, based on the portion of viewing angles that are sufficiently bright, at different cosmological redshifts ($z$). The brighter emission from the wind is unobscured by the lanthanides (or actinides) in some of the models, permitting non-zero detection probabilities for redshifts up to $z=0.07$. We also find the nuclear mass model and the resulting radioactive heating rate are crucial for the detectability. While for the most pessimistic heating rate (from the FRDM model) no reasonable increase in the ejecta mass or velocity, or wind mass or velocity, can possibly make the light curves agree with the observed nIR excess after GRB130603B, a more optimistic heating rate (from the Duflo-Zuker model) leads to good agreement. We conclude that future reliable macronova observations would constrain nuclear heating rates, and consequently help constrain nuclear mass models.
description: 34 pages, submitted to MNRAS