cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Graphical Conditions for Rate Independence in Chemical Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Degrand, Elisabeth
name: Fages, François
name: Soliman, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) provide a useful abstraction of molecular interaction networks in which molecular structures as well as mass conservation principles are abstracted away to focus on the main dynamical properties of the network structure. In their interpretation by ordinary differential equations, we say that a CRN with distinguished input and output species computes a positive real function $f : R+ $\rightarrow$ R+$, if for any initial concentration x of the input species, the concentration of the output molecular species stabilizes at concentration f (x). The Turing-completeness of that notion of chemical analog computation has been established by proving that any computable real function can be computed by a CRN over a finite set of molecular species. Rate-independent CRNs form a restricted class of CRNs of high practical value since they enjoy a form of absolute robustness in the sense that the result is completely independent of the reaction rates and depends solely on the input concentrations. The functions computed by rate-independent CRNs have been characterized mathematically as the set of piecewise linear functions from input species. However, this does not provide a mean to decide whether a given CRN is rate-independent. In this paper, we provide graphical conditions on the Petri Net structure of a CRN which entail the rate-independence property either for all species or for some output species. We show that in the curated part of the Biomodels repository, among the 590 reaction models tested, 2 reaction graphs were found to satisfy our rate-independence conditions for all species, 94 for some output species, among which 29 for some non-trivial output species. Our graphical conditions are based on a non-standard use of the Petri net notions of place-invariants and siphons which are computed by constraint programming techniques for efficiency reasons.
Metallic and Deconfined Quantum Criticality in Dirac Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Zi Hong
name: Vojta, Matthias
name: Assaad, Fakher F.
name: Janssen, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the physics of spin-orbital liquids, we study a model of interacting Dirac fermions on a bilayer honeycomb lattice at half filling, featuring an explicit global SO(3)$\times$U(1) symmetry. Using large-scale auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, we locate two zero-temperature phase transitions as function of increasing interaction strength. First, we observe a continuous transition from the weakly-interacting semimetal to a different semimetallic phase in which the SO(3) symmetry is spontaneously broken and where two out of three Dirac cones acquire a mass gap. The associated quantum critical point can be understood in terms of a Gross-Neveu-SO(3) theory. Second, we subsequently observe a transition towards an insulating phase in which the SO(3) symmetry is restored and the U(1) symmetry is spontaneously broken. While strongly first order at the mean-field level, the QMC data is consistent with a direct and continuous transition. It is thus a candidate for a new type of deconfined quantum critical point that features gapless fermionic degrees of freedom.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Hybrid magnonics: physics, circuits and applications for coherent information processing
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Tyberkevych, Vasyl
name: Kwok, Wai-Kwong
name: Hoffmann, Axel
name: Novosad, Valentine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid dynamic systems have recently gained interests with respect to both fundamental physics and device applications, particularly with their potential for coherent information processing. In this perspective, we will focus on the recent rapid developments of magnon-based hybrid systems, which seek to combine magnonic excitations with diverse excitations for transformative applications in devices, circuits and information processing. Key to their promising potentials is that magnons are highly tunable excitations and can be easily engineered to couple with various dynamic media and platforms. The capability of reaching strong coupling with many different excitations has positioned magnons well for studying solid-state coherent dynamics and exploiting unique functionality. In addition, with their gigahertz frequency bandwidth and the ease of fabrication and miniaturization, magnonic devices and systems can be conveniently integrated into microwave circuits for mimicking a broad range of device concepts that have been applied in microwave electronics, photonics and quantum information. We will discuss a few potential directions for advancing magnon hybrid systems, including on-chip geometry, novel coherent magnonic functionality, and coherent transduction between different platforms. As future outlook, we will discuss the opportunities and challenges of magnonic hybrid systems for their applications in quantum information and magnonic logic.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Tunable electrochemistry with moiré flat bands and topological defects at twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Yu, Yun
name: Zhang, Kaidi
name: Parks, Holden
name: Babar, Mohammad
name: Carr, Stephen
name: Craig, Isaac M.
name: Van Winkle, Madeline
name: Lyssenko, Artur
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian
name: Bediako, D. Kwabena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tailoring electron transfer dynamics across solid-liquid interfaces is fundamental to the interconversion of electrical and chemical energy. Stacking atomically thin layers with a very small azimuthal misorientation to produce moiré superlattices enables the controlled engineering of electronic band structures and the formation of extremely flat electronic bands. Here, we report a strong twist angle dependence of heterogeneous charge transfer kinetics at twisted bilayer graphene electrodes with the greatest enhancement observed near the 'magic angle' (~1.1 degrees). This effect is driven by the angle-dependent tuning of moiré-derived flat bands that modulate electron transfer processes with the solution-phase redox couple. Combined experimental and computational analysis reveals that the variation in electrochemical activity with moiré angle is controlled by atomic reconstruction of the moiré superlattice at twist angles <2 degrees, and topological defect AA stacking regions produce a large anomalous local electrochemical enhancement that cannot be accounted for by the elevated local density of states alone. Our results introduce moiré flat band materials as a distinctively tunable paradigm for mediating electrochemical transformations.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Smoothed Particle Inference: A Kilo-Parametric Method for X-ray Galaxy Cluster Modeling
Creators: name: Peterson, J. R.
name: Marshall, P. J.
name: Andersson, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an ambitious new method that models the intracluster medium in clusters of galaxies as a set of X-ray emitting smoothed particles of plasma. Each smoothed particle is described by a handful of parameters including temperature, location, size, and elemental abundances. Hundreds to thousands of these particles are used to construct a model cluster of galaxies, with the appropriate complexity estimated from the data quality. This model is then compared iteratively with X-ray data in the form of adaptively binned photon lists via a two-sample likelihood statistic and iterated via Markov Chain Monte Carlo. The complex cluster model is propagated through the X-ray instrument response using direct sampling Monte Carlo methods. Using this approach the method can reproduce many of the features observed in the X-ray emission in a less assumption-dependent way that traditional analyses, and it allows for a more detailed characterization of the density, temperature, and metal abundance structure of clusters. Multi-instrument X-ray analyses and simultaneous X-ray, Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ), and lensing analyses are a straight-forward extension of this methodology. Significant challenges still exist in understanding the degeneracy in these models and the statistical noise induced by the complexity of the models.
description: 17 pages, 29 figures, ApJ accepted
X-ray Emission from the nearby PSR B1133+16
Creators: name: Kargaltsev, O.
name: Pavlov, G. G.
name: Garmire, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detected a nearby (d=360 pc), old (5 Myr) pulsar B1133+16 with Chandra. The observed pulsar's flux is $(0.8\pm 0.2)\times 10^{-14}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ in the 0.5-8 keV band. Because of the small number of counts detected, the spectrum can be described by various models. A power-law fit of the spectrum gives a photon index $Γ= 2.5$ and an isotropic luminosity of $1.4\times 10^{29}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ in the 0.5-8 keV band, which is about $1.6\times 10^{-3}$ of the spin-down power $\dot{E}$. The spectrum can also be fitted by a blackbody model with a temperature of $\approx 2.8$ MK and a projected emitting area of $\sim 500$ m$^2$, possibly a hot polar cap. The X-ray properties of PSR B1133+16 are similar to those of other old pulsars observed in X-rays, particularly the drifting pulsar B0943+10.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, accepted to ApJ
Additional file 3 of Association between surgical procedures under general anesthesia in infancy and developmental outcomes at 1 year: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Yoshiko
name: Tokuda, Narumi
name: Adachi, Sho
name: Takeshima, Yasuhiro
name: Munetaka Hirose
name: Shima, Masayuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Adjusted odds ratios of developmental delay among infants who had surgical procedures under general anesthesia compared with infants who did not have surgery, for each of the five domains (analysis excluded infants with congenital heart disease) (N = 60,310)
Local Polarimetry for Proton Beams with the STAR Beam Beam Counters
Creators: name: Kiryluk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: STAR collected data in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV with transverse and longitudinal beam polarizations during the 2003 running period at RHIC. We present preliminary results on single transverse spin asymmetries A_N in the production of forward charged hadrons detected with the Beam-Beam Counters (BBC). The asymmetries A_N measured at pseudorapidities 3.9 < |eta| < 5.0 are found to be of the order of 0.01 while asymmetries measured at smaller pseudorapidities 3.4 < |eta| < 3.9 are found to be consistent with zero. The BBC and its associated scaler system for fast data recording provides the first local polarimeter at STAR. The setup has been sucessfully used to tune the spin rotator magnets and to verify longitudinal polarization at STAR.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; contribution to the Proceedings of the 16th International Spin Physics Symposium, October 11-16, 2004, ICTP, Trieste, Italy
A Dietary Assessment of the U.S. Food Supply: Comparing Per Capita Food Consumption with Food Guide Pyramid Serving Recommendations
Creators: name: Kantor, Linda Scott
name: Kantor, Linda Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food
subject: food consumption
subject: CSFII
subject: Food Guide Pyramid
subject: Dietary Guidelines for Americans

description: Most American diets do not meet Federal Food Guide Pyramid dietary recommendations. On average, people consume too many servings of added fats and sugars and too few servings of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, lean meats, and foods made from whole grains compared with a reference set of Food Guide Pyramid serving recommendations appropriate to the age and gender composition of the U.S. population. In addition, while the healthfulness of diets has improved over time, the pace of improvement has been uneven. For example, while Americans consumed record amounts of fruits and vegetables in 1996, consumption of caloric sweeteners also reached a 27-year high. This report is the first dietary assessment to use ERSís time-series food supply data to compare average diets with Federal dietary recommendations depicted in the Food Guide Pyramid. Food Guide Pyramid servings were estimated for more than 250 agricultural commodities for 1970-96. New techniques were developed to adjust the data for food spoilage and other losses accumulated throughout the marketing system and the home.
Hierarchical Infinite Relational Model
Creators: name: Saad, Feras A.
name: Mansinghka, Vikash K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes the hierarchical infinite relational model (HIRM), a new probabilistic generative model for noisy, sparse, and heterogeneous relational data. Given a set of relations defined over a collection of domains, the model first infers multiple non-overlapping clusters of relations using a top-level Chinese restaurant process. Within each cluster of relations, a Dirichlet process mixture is then used to partition the domain entities and model the probability distribution of relation values. The HIRM generalizes the standard infinite relational model and can be used for a variety of data analysis tasks including dependence detection, clustering, and density estimation. We present new algorithms for fully Bayesian posterior inference via Gibbs sampling. We illustrate the efficacy of the method on a density estimation benchmark of twenty object-attribute datasets with up to 18 million cells and use it to discover relational structure in real-world datasets from politics and genomics.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Appearing in UAI 2021
Economic Inequality and Academic Freedom
Creators: name: Kanbur, Ravi
name: Kanbur, Ravi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper considers and assesses the concept of social externalities through human interdependence, in relation to the economic analysis of externalities in the tradition of Pigou and Arrow, including the analysis of the commons. It argues that there are limits to economic analysis. Our proposal is to enlarge the perspective and start thinking about a broader framework in which any pattern of influence of an agent or a group of agents over a third party, which is not mediated by any economic, social, or psychological mechanism guaranteeing the alignment of the marginal net private benefit with marginal net social benefit, can be attached the “externality” label and be scrutinized for the likely negative consequences that result from the divergence. These consequences may be significant given the many interactions between the social and economic realms, and the scope for spillovers and feedback loops to emerge. The paper also establishes a tentative and probably incomplete list of possible internalizing mechanisms for externalities under this broader framework, which includes: pricing and monetary incentives; altruism and solidarity; moral norms; reciprocity and mutual monitoring; centralized cooperative decision-making; and merger. There are clear reasons why the pricing mechanism is not appropriate in some cases. A more difficult question to answer is what factors determine which of the mechanisms is the appropriate one to rely on in a given sphere of relations and activities. The object of the paper is to encourage research and contributions from all the relevant disciplines of social sciences on the pervasive human interdependence that the notion of social externalities tries to capture.
Additional file 4 of Association between surgical procedures under general anesthesia in infancy and developmental outcomes at 1 year: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Yoshiko
name: Tokuda, Narumi
name: Adachi, Sho
name: Takeshima, Yasuhiro
name: Munetaka Hirose
name: Shima, Masayuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Cutoff scores of each J-ASQ-3 domain reported for Japanese children, and numbers of normal and delayed infants
Managing Risk in Farming: Concepts, Research, and Analysis
Creators: name: Harwood, Joy L.
name: Heifner, Richard G.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Perry, Janet E.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Harwood, Joy L.
name: Heifner, Richard G.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Perry, Janet E.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: crop insurance
subject: diversification
subject: futures contracts
subject: leasing
subject: leveraging
subject: liquidity
subject: livestock insurance
subject: marketing contracts
subject: options contracts
subject: production contracts
subject: revenue insurance
subject: risk
subject: vertical integration

description: The risks confronted by grain and cotton farmers are of particular interest, given the changing role of the Government after passage of the 1996 Farm Act. With the shift toward less government intervention in the post-1996 Farm Act environment, a more sophisticated understanding of risk and risk management is important to help producers make better decisions in risky situations and to assist policymakers in assessing the effectiveness of different types of risk protection tools. In response, this report provides a rigorous, yet accessible, description of risk and risk management tools and strategies at the farm level. It also provides never-before-published data on farmers' assessments of the risks they face, their use of alternative risk management strategies, and the changes they would make if faced with financial difficulty. It also compares price risk across crops and time periods, and provides detailed information on yield variability.
FOOD SAFETY INNOVATION IN THE UNITED STATES: EVIDENCE FROM THE MEAT INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Golan, Elise H.
name: Roberts, Tanya
name: Salay, Elisabete
name: Caswell, Julie A.
name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Moore, Danna L.
name: Golan, Elise H.
name: Roberts, Tanya
name: Salay, Elisabete
name: Caswell, Julie A.
name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Moore, Danna L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Food safety
subject: innovation
subject: meat
subject: asymmetric information
subject: Beef Steam Pasteurization System
subject: Bacterial Pathogen Sampling and Testing Program

description: Recent industry innovations improving the safety of the Nation's meat supply range from new pathogen tests, high-tech equipment, and supply chain management systems, to new surveillance networks. Despite these and other improvements, the market incentives that motivate private firms to invest in innovation seem to be fairly weak. Results from an ERS survey of U.S. meat and poultry slaughter and processing plants and two case studies of innovation in the U.S. beef industry reveal that the industry has developed a number of mechanisms to overcome that weakness and to stimulate investment in food safety innovation. Industry experience suggests that government policy can increase food safety innovation by reducing informational asymmetries and strengthening the ability of innovating firms to appropriate the benefits of their investments.
Participant Bidding Enhances Cost Effectiveness
Creators: name: Johansson, Robert C.
name: Johansson, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A multitude of design decisions influence the performance of voluntary conservation programs. This Economic Brief is one of a set of five exploring the implications of decisions policymakers and program managers must make about who is eligible to receive payments, how much can be received, for what action, and the means by which applicants are selected. The particular issue examined here is the potential benefits of allowing farmers to "bid" for the activity they will undertake and the level of payment they would receive for it.
Quantum fluctuations of the ultracold atom-molecule mixtures
Creators: name: Domanski, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate evolution of the quantum coherence in the ultracold mixture of fermionic atoms and bosonic dimer molecules. Interactions are there experimentally controlled via tuning the external magnetic field. Consequently, the fermionic atoms and their bosonic counterparts can be driven to a behavior resembling the usual BCS to BEC crossover. We analyze in some detail how this quantum coherence evolves with respect to time upon a smooth and abrupt sweep across the Feshbach resonance inducing the atom-molecule quantum fluctuations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Synthesis, density functional theory study and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of new benzimidazole Mannich bases
Creators: name: Marinescu, Maria
name: Cinteză, Ludmila Otilia
name: Marton, George Iuliu
name: Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
name: Popa, Marcela
name: Stănculescu, Ioana
name: Christina-Marie Zălaru
name: Cristina-Elena Stavarache
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Comparison of experimental and simulated IR spectra of the benzimidazole compounds: (a) Experimental FTIR spectra; (b) Simulated IR spectra. Fig. S2. FTIR spectra of Mannich base M-1. Fig. S3. FTIR spectra of Mannich base M-2. Fig. S4. FTIR spectra of Mannich base M-3. Fig. S5. FTIR spectra of Mannich base M-4. Fig. S6. FTIR spectra of Mannich base M-5. Table S1. Important infrared bands (in cm−1) of the benzimidazoles: B, M-1–M-5 (experimental and calculated). Fig. S7.1H NMR spectra of Mannich base M-1. Fig. S8.13C NMR spectra of Mannich base M-1. Fig. S9.1H NMR spectra of Mannich base M-2. Fig. S10.13C NMR spectra of Mannich base M-2. Fig. S11.1H NMR spectra of Mannich base M-3. Fig. S12.13C NMR spectra of Mannich base M-3. Fig. S13.1H NMR spectra of Mannich base M-4. Fig. S13.1H NMR spectra of Mannich base M-4. Fig. S14.13C NMR spectra of Mannich base M-4. Fig. S15.1H NMR spectra of Mannich base M-5. Fig. S16. 13C NMR spectra of Mannich base M-5.
Rewarding Farm Practices versus Environmental Performance
Creators: name: Weinberg, Marca
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Weinberg, Marca
name: Claassen, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A multitude of design decisions influence the performance of voluntary conservation programs. This Economic Brief is one of a set of five exploring the implications of decisions policymakers and program managers must make about who is eligible to receive payments, how much can be received, for what action, and the means by which applicants are selected. The particular issue examined here is whether to pay for conservation practices or to link payments to environmental performance.
Ewart, Oswald Hugh: Koptische Handschriften 1
Creators: name: Assfalg, Julius
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
The Overdeterminedness of a Class of Functional Equations
Creators: name: Shalit, Orr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B22

description: We prove a uniqueness theorem for a large class of functional equations in the plane, which resembles in form a classical result of Aczel. It is also shown that functional equations in this class are overdetermined in the sense of Paneah. This means that the solutions, if they exist, are determined by the corresponding relation being fulfilled not in the original domain of validity, but only at the points of a subset of the boundary of the domain of validity.
description: 6 pages
Measurement and application of electron stripping of ultrarelativistic $^{208}\textrm{Pb}^{81+}$
Creators: name: Cooke, D. A.
name: Bauche, J.
name: Cascella, M.
name: Chappell, J.
name: Fernandez, R. A.
name: Gorgisyan, I.
name: Gschwendtner, E.
name: Jolly, S.
name: Kain, V.
name: Keeble, F.
name: Krasny, M. W.
name: La Penna, P.
name: Mazzoni, S.
name: Petrenko, A.
name: Quattri, M.
name: Wing, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New measurements of the stripping cross-section for ultrarelativistic hydrogen-like lead ions passing through aluminium and silicon have been performed at the Advanced Wakefield experiment at CERN. Agreement with existing measurements and theory has been obtained. Improvements in terms of electron beam quality and ion beam diagnostic capability, as well as further applications of such an electron beam, are discussed.
Growing Farm Size and the Distribution of Farm Payments
Creators: name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Banker, David E.
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Banker, David E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Farm structure
subject: commodity programs
subject: farm payments
subject: farm household income
subject: farm income
subject: farm program payments
subject: ERS
subject: USDA

description: Crop production is shifting to much larger farms. Since government commodity payments reflect production volumes for program commodities, payments are also shifting to larger farms. In turn, the operators of very large farms have substantially higher household incomes than other farm households, and as a result government commodity payments are also shifting to much higher-income households. Since the changes in farm structure appear to be ongoing, commodity payments will likely, under current policies, continue to shift to higher income households. This brief uses 2003 Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) data to detail the shifts.
title: 2017 Storm Damage DWR Emergency Rehabilitation Phase 3 Project
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the 2017 Storm Damage Department of Water Resources Emergency Rehabilitation Phase 3 Project in the northern Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (SPK-2018-00170, SPK-2018-00171, SPK-2018-00172, SPK-2018-00173, SPK-2018-00174, and SPK-2018-00175)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2018

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2018-01864
Spontaneous Lorentz symmetry violation from infrared gravity
Creators: name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Petruzziello, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate a novel implication of the non-negligible spacetime curvature at large distances when its effects are expressed in terms of a suitably modified form of the Heisenberg uncertainty relations. Specifically, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between such modified uncertainty principle and the Standard Model Extension (SME), a string-theoretical effective field theory that accounts for both explicit and spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry. This tight correspondence between string-derived effective field theory and modified quantum mechanics with extended uncertainty relations is validated by comparing the predictions concerning a deformed Hawking temperature derived from the two models. Moreover, starting from the experimental bounds on the gravity sector of the SME, we derive the most stringent constraint achieved so far on the value of the free parameter entering in the extended Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Di-Higgs Blind Spots in Gravitational Wave Signals
Creators: name: Alves, Alexandre
name: Gonçalves, Dorival
name: Ghosh, Tathagata
name: Guo, Huai-Ke
name: Sinha, Kuver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conditions for strong first-order phase transition and generation of observable gravitational wave (GW) signals are very restrictive to the profile of the Higgs potential. Working in the minimal extension of the SM with a new gauge singlet real scalar, we show that the production of signals relevant for future GW experiments, such as LISA, can favor depleted resonant and non-resonant di-Higgs rates at colliders for phenomenologically relevant regimes of scalar mixing angles and masses for the heavy scalar. We perform a comprehensive study on the emergence of these di-Higgs blind spot configurations in GWs and also show that di-boson channels, $ZZ$ and $WW$, can restore the phenomenological complementarities between GW and collider experiments in these parameter space regimes.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Kaufhold, Hubert: Die Rechtssammlung des Gabriel von Basra und ihr Verhältnis zu den anderen juristischen Sammelwerken der Nestorianer
Creators: name: Degen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
A 2D conduction-convection model of a Jet impinging on a flat plate
Creators: name: Bolton, Matthew Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A two dimensional model of a jet impinging on a heated wafer is constructed. After neglecting buoyancy, a Navier-Stokes solver provides the flow velocity such that the energy equation can be used to solve for the temperature in the gas. Using a coupling condition, a heat conduction solver in the wafer is coupled to the energy equation solver in the gas, and as such the heat transfer across the surface of the wafer can be computed. A predictive formula is constructed for the surface heat transfer coefficient in terms of the Reynolds number and the ratio of the jet height to the nozzle width.
Additional file 2 of The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio has a role in predicting the effectiveness of nivolumab in Japanese patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study
Creators: name: Nishiyama, Naotaka
name: Hirobe, Megumi
name: Kikushima, Takuya
name: Matsuki, Masahiro
name: Takahashi, Atsushi
name: Yanase, Masahiro
name: Ichimatsu, Keisuke
name: Egawa, Masayuki
name: Hayashi, Norihiro
name: Negishi, Takahito
name: Masumori, Naoya
name: Kitamura, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of patients with an NLR of
Nutrient Adequacy of Children Participating in WIC
Creators: name: Ralston, Katherine L.
name: Ralston, Katherine L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children
subject: WIC
subject: food assistance programs
subject: nutrient intake
subject: diet quality
subject: CSFII
subject: NHANES
subject: vitamin C
subject: vitamin A
subject: iron
subject: protein
subject: calcium
subject: ERS, USDA

description: USDA's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides supplemental foods to participants, in most cases through vouchers for retail purchase of foods designated as approved by the program. WIC food packages were initially designed to include foods rich in nutrients that were lacking in the diets of low-income participants. This brief summarizes two recent ERS-sponsored studies that provide new assessments of nutrient intakes of WIC children, income-eligible children not participating in the program, and children ineligible for the program.
The Photometric Performance and Calibration of the HST Advanced Camera For Surveys
Creators: name: Sirianni, M.
name: Jee, M. J.
name: Benitez, N.
name: Blakeslee, J. P.
name: Martel, A. R.
name: Meurer, G.
name: Clampin, M.
name: De Marchi, G.
name: Ford, H. C.
name: Gilliland, R.
name: Hartig, G. F.
name: Illingworth, G. D.
name: Mack, J.
name: McCann, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the photometric calibration of the HST Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). We give here an overview of the performance and calibration of the 2 CCD cameras, the Wide Field Channel (WFC) and the High Resolution Channel (HRC), and a description of the best techniques for reducing ACS CCD data. On-orbit observations of spectrophotometric standard stars have been used to revise the pre-launch estimate of the instrument response curves to best match predicted and observed count rates. Synthetic photometry has been used to determine zeropoints for all filters in 3 magnitude systems and to derive interstellar extinction values for the ACS photometric systems. Due to the CCD internal scattering of long wavelength photons, the width of the PSF increases significantly in the near-IR and the aperture correction for photometry with near-IR filters depends on the spectral energy distribution of the source. We provide encircled energy curves and a detailed recipe to correct for the latter effect. Transformations between the ACS photometric systems and the UBVRI and WFPC2 systems are presented. In general, two sets of transformations are available: 1 based on the observation of 2 star clusters; the other on synthetic photometry. We discuss the accuracy of these transformations and their sensitivity to details of the spectra being transformed. Initial signs of detector degradation due to the HST radiative environment are already visible. We discuss the impact on the data in terms of dark rate increase, charge transfer inefficiency, and hot pixel population.
description: 101 pages, 29 figures, 31 tables; PASP accepted
Contrasting Working-Land and Land Retirement Programs
Creators: name: Aillery, Marcel P.
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: A multitude of design decisions influence the performance of voluntary conservation programs. This Economic Brief is one of a set of five exploring the implications of decisions policymakers and program managers must make about who is eligible to receive payments, how much can be received, for what action, and the means by which applicants are selected. In particular, this Brief focuses on potential tradeoffs in balancing land retirement with conservation on working lands.
Evidence of the triaxial structure of $\boldsymbol{^{129}}$Xe at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Bally, Benjamin
name: Bender, Michael
name: Giacalone, Giuliano
name: Somà, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interpretation of the emergent collective behaviour of atomic nuclei in terms of deformed intrinsic shapes [1] is at the heart of our understanding of the rich phenomenology of their structure, ranging from nuclear energy to astrophysical applications across a vast spectrum of energy scales. A new window onto the deformation of nuclei has been recently opened with the realization that nuclear collision experiments performed at high-energy colliders, such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), enable experimenters to identify the relative orientation of the colliding ions in a way that magnifies the manifestations of their intrinsic deformation [2]. Here we apply this technique to LHC data on collisions of $^{129}$Xe nuclei [3-5] to exhibit the first evidence of non-axiality in the ground state of ions collided at high energy. We predict that the low-energy structure of $^{129}$Xe is triaxial (a spheroid with three unequal axes), and show that such deformation can be determined from high-energy data. This result demonstrates the unique capabilities of precision collider machines such as the LHC as new means to perform imaging of the collective structure of atomic nuclei.
description: 8 pages; 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Health-related quality of life using specific and generic questionnaires in Spanish coeliac children
Creators: name: Barrio, Josefa
name: Cilleruelo, Maria Luz
name: Román, Enriqueta
name: Fernández, Cristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental digital content. Table 1. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores provided by 266 Spanish children with coeliac disease and parents (428) of children with coeliac disease using the specific CDDUX questionnaire. Supplemental digital content. Table 2. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores provided by Spanish children with coeliac disease and parents of children with coeliac disease using the generic KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire.
Breaking up the Proton: An Affair with Dark Forces
Creators: name: Kribs, Graham D.
name: McKeen, David
name: Raj, Nirmal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep inelastic scattering of $e^{\pm}$ off protons is sensitive to contributions from "dark photon" exchange. Using HERA data fit to HERA's parton distribution functions, we obtain the model-independent bound $ε\lesssim 0.02$ on the kinetic mixing between hypercharge and the dark photon for dark photon masses $\lesssim 10$ GeV. This slightly improves on the bound obtained from electroweak precision observables. For higher masses the limit weakens monotonically; $ε\lesssim 1$ for a dark photon mass of $5$ TeV. Utilizing PDF sum rules, we demonstrate that the effects of the dark photon cannot be (trivially) absorbed into re-fit PDFs, and in fact lead to non-DGLAP (Bjorken $x_{\rm B}$-independent) scaling violations that could provide a smoking gun in data. The proposed $e^\pm p$ collider operating at $\sqrt{s} = 1.3$ TeV, LHeC, is anticipated to accumulate $10^3$ times the luminosity of HERA, providing substantial improvements in probing the effects of a dark photon: sensitivity to $ε$ well below that probed by electroweak precision data is possible throughout virtually the entire dark photon mass range, as well as being able to probe to much higher dark photon masses, up to $100$ TeV.
description: 5 pages revtex4 + references, 3 figures
ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ БИОБАНКОВ В ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ СТРАНАХ: ПОДХОДЫ, НОРМЫ И ЗАЩИТНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ
Creators: name: Мамутова, Азиза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Анализ правового обеспечения функционирования биобанков в международной практике. В работе рассматриваются особенности регулирования биобанков в странах Европейского Союза, США, Канаде, а также других регионах с развитой биотехнологической отраслью. Особое внимание уделяется различиям в правовых подходах к собственническим правам на биоматериалы, защите персональных данных доноров и этическим стандартам, регулирующим их использование. Приводятся примеры национальных законодательных актов, таких как Рекомендации Комитета министров ЕС, а также специфические аспекты, касающиеся правового статуса биологических материалов, их использования в научных и медицинских исследованиях. Исследование подчеркивает важность комплексной правовой защиты, которая включает защиту прав и интересов субъектов информации, а также необходимость создания этических и контрольных механизмов в рамках биобанков. В работе акцентируется внимание на необходимости разработки и внедрения международных стандартов для дальнейшего развития правового поля в данной области, что способствует этичному и безопасному использованию биоматериалов.
Spatial mapping of disordered 2D materials: the conductance Sudoku
Creators: name: Mukim, S.
name: Lewenkopf, C.
name: Ferreira, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent advances on local conductance measurement techniques at the nanoscale, timely questions are being raised about what possible information can be extracted from a disordered graphene sheet by selectively interrogating its transport properties. Here we demonstrate how an inversion technique originally developed to identify the number of scatterers in a quantum device can be adapted to a multi-terminal setup in order to provide detailed information about the spatial distribution of impurities on the surface of graphene, as well as other 2D material systems. The methodology input are conductance readings (for instance, as a function of the chemical potential) between different electrode pairs, the output being the spatially resolved impurity density. We discuss how the obtained spatial resolution depends on the number of such readings and on the electrode geometry. Furthermore, by separating the impurity locations into partitions arranged in a grid-like geometry, this inversion procedure resembles a Sudoku puzzle in which the compositions of different sectors of a device are found by imposing that they must add up to specific constrained values established for the grid rows and columns. We argue that this technique may provide alternative new ways of extracting information from a disordered material through the selective probing of local quantities.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
A solution to the L space problem and related ZFC constructions
Creators: name: Moore, Justin Tatch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D20, 54D65, 03E02, 03E75

description: In this paper I will construct a non-separable hereditarily Lindelof space (L space) without any additional axiomatic assumptions. I will also show that there is a function f from [omega_1]^2 to omega_1 such that if A,B, subsets of omega_1, are uncountable and x omega_1, then there are a < b in A and B respectively with f(a,b) = x. Previously it was unknown whether such a function existed even if omega_1 was replaced by 2. Finally, I will prove that there is no basis for the uncountable regular Hausdorff spaces of cardinality aleph_1. Each of these results gives a strong refutation of a well known and longstanding conjecture. The results all stem from the analysis of oscillations of coherent sequences {e_i : i < omega_1} of finite-to-one functions. I expect that the methods presented will have other applications as well.
description: 27 pages
Additional file 1 of Association between surgical procedures under general anesthesia in infancy and developmental outcomes at 1 year: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Yoshiko
name: Tokuda, Narumi
name: Adachi, Sho
name: Takeshima, Yasuhiro
name: Munetaka Hirose
name: Shima, Masayuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Adjusted odds ratios of developmental delay among infants who had surgical procedures under general anesthesia compared with infants who did not have surgery, for each of the five domains (maternal age analyzed as categorical variable) (N = 60,699)
Deppe, Klaus: Kohelet in der syrischen Dichtung
Creators: name: Cramer, Winfrid
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
CROSSING THE NEXT MERIDIAN: THE ECONOMICS OF RURAL-URBAN INTERDEPENDENCE, INSTITUTIONS AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN THE AMERICAN WEST
Creators: name: Weber, Bruce A.
name: Weber, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This paper explores and develops three ideas: (1) that the aridity of western North America and its attendant characteristics have fundamentally shaped the work of western agricultural economists and encouraged some distinctive western contributions to the study of economics; (2) that, in order to understand economic relationships that are critical to rural western economic development, economists need to move beyond the standard equilibrium economic models and explore some emerging models of spatial development and institutional change in which the concept of "increasing returns" plays a key role; (3) that the West provides a fine laboratory for testing these frameworks.