cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Time sensitive networking security: issues of precision time protocol and its implementation
Creators: name: Berardi, Davide
name: Tippenhauer, Nils O
name: Melis, Andrea
name: Prandini, Marco
name: Callegati, Franco
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) will be an integral component of industrial networking. Time synchronization in TSN is provided by the IEEE-1588, Precision Time Protocol (PTP) protocol. The standard, dating back to 2008, marginally addresses security aspects, notably not encompassing the frames designed for management purposes (Type Length Values or TLVs). In this work we show that the TLVs can be abused by an attacker to reconfigure, manipulate, or shut down time synchronization. The effects of such an attack can be serious, ranging from interruption of operations to actual unintended behavior of industrial devices, possibly resulting in physical damages or even harm to operators. The paper analyzes the root causes of this vulnerability, and provides concrete examples of attacks leveraging it to de-synchronize the clocks, showing that they can succeed with limited resources, realistically available to a malicious actor.
EFFECT OF REVERSING LAMINATION SCHEME OF LAYERS ON BUCKLING LOAD FOR LAMINATED COMPOSITE DECKS PLATES
Creators: name: Khayal, Osama Mohammed Elmardi Suleiman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Finite element (FE) method is presented for theanalysis of thin rectangular laminated composite decksplates under the biaxial action of in – plane compressiveloading. The analysis uses the classical laminated platetheory (CLPT) which does not account for sheardeformations. In this theory it is assumed that the laminateis in a state of plane stress, the individual lamina is linearlyelastic, and there is perfect bonding between layers. Theclassical laminated plate theory (CLPT), which is anextension of the classical plate theory (CPT) assumes thatnormal to the mid – surface before deformation remainsstraight and normal to the mid – surface afterdeformation. Therefore, this theory is only adequate forbuckling analysis of thin laminates. A Fortran programhas been developed. New numerical results are generatedfor in – plane compressive biaxial buckling which serve toquantify the effect of reversing lamination scheme onbuckling loading. The buckling loads have beendetermined for two modulus ratios 40 and 5. It is observedthat, the buckling loads are completely the same for thegiven first three modes. Therefore, it can be concluded thatthe buckling load of laminated plates will remain the sameeven if the lamination order is reversed. The reason behindthis is that the transformed elastic coefficients, , areequal for both lamination schemes.
Age of Information in Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Ceran, Elif Tugce
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Age of information (AoI) is a recently introduced metric that measures the freshness of status updates in monitoring applications and update-based systems. In this thesis, we investigate a wireless communication system in which the status updates of the underlying process of interest can be sampled at any time by the source node, and are transmitted to a destination node over an error-prone communication channel under transmission constraints. More specifically, we study the scheduling of sampling and transmission of status updates in order to minimize the long-term average AoI at the destination for under a constraint on the average number of transmissions, or under energy replenishment constraints at the source. After each transmission, the source receives an instantaneous ACK/NACK feedback, and judiciously decides on the next update, without prior knowledge on the success of future transmissions. The optimal scheduling policy and its structure are studied under different feedback mechanisms when the system characteristics are known; in particular, the standard automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ) protocols are considered. In addition, average-cost reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are proposed for practical applications when the system characteristics are not known in advance and must be learned in real time. Extensive simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effect of feedback, HARQ protocol, and resource constraints on the average AoI.
P75 neurotrophin receptor positively regulates the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of ectomesenchymal stem cells via nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway
Creators: name: Shan, Peifen
name: Wang, Xiaole
name: Zhang, Yanyan
name: Teng, Zhisheng
name: Zhang, Yunxiao
name: Jin, Qiu
name: Liu, Jiefan
name: Ma, Jianfeng
name: Nie, Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: p75NTR, a neural crest stem cell marker, is continuously expressed in mesenchymal cells during tooth development. Importantly, high expression of p75NTR in the late bell stage implicates its involvement in odontogenesis and mineralization. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying p75NTR involvement in odonto/osteogenic differentiation remain unclear. Here, we investigate the effect and potential mechanisms underlying p75NTR involvement in odonto/osteogenic differentiation. We dissected EMSCs from the first branchial arches of mice embryo and compared the proliferation and migration of p75NTR+/+ and p75NTR−/−EMSCs by transwell, scratch and cell counting kit 8(CCK8)assays. The differentiation ability and the involvement of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway were investigated through alkaline phosphatase and immunofluorescence assay, real-time PCR, and western blot. During induction of dental epithelium conditioned medium, p75NTR+/+ EMSCs exhibited deeper Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and higher expression of odonto/osteogenic genes/proteins (e.g., dentin sialoprotein (DSPP) than p75NTR+/+ EMSCs. Moreover, p75NTR+/+ EMSCs exhibited higher nuclear P65 expression than p75NTR−/−EMSCs. Inhibition of NF-κB pathway with Bay11-7082 in p75NTR+/+EMSCs substantially decreased DSPP expression level. However, activation of NF-κB pathway with Bay11-7082 in p75NTR−/−EMSCs enhanced DSPP expression level. Thus, p75NTR possibly plays a paramount role in the proliferation and differentiation of EMSCs via NF-κB pathway.
Family-group names of fossil fishes
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: †Gigantodontidae Weiler 1935: 26, 29 (family)
 † Stromerichthys Weiler 1935 [no stem of the type genus, not available, Art. 11.7.1.1]
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 56, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Evaluation of plasma properties from chorus waves observed at the generation region
Creators: name: Juhász, Lilla
name: Omura, Yoshiharu
name: Lichtenberger, János
name: Friedel, Reinhard H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we present an inversion method which provides thermal plasma population parameters from characteristics of chorus emissions only. Our ultimate goal is to apply this method to ground based data in order to derive the lower energy boundary condition for many radiation belt models. The first step is to test the chorus-inversion method on in-situ data of Van Allen Probes in the generation region. Density and thermal velocity of energetic electrons (few keV - 100 keV) are derived from frequency sweep rate and starting frequencies of chorus emissions through analysis of wave data from Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) onboard the Van Allen Probes. Nonlinear wave growth theory of \citet{omura2011triggering} serves as the basis for our inversion method, assuming that the triggering wave is originated by the linear cyclotron instability. We present sixteen, consecutive rising-tone emissions recorded in the generation region between 11-12UT on 14 November 2012. The results of the inversion are compared with density and thermal velocities (parallel and perpendicular) of energetic electrons derived from unidirectional flux data of Helium Oxygen Proton Electron (HOPE) instrument, showing a good agreement: the normalized root-mean-square deviation between the measured and predicted values are $\sim13\%, \sim6\%$, and $\sim10\%$, respectively. We found that the theoretical amplitudes are consistent with the measured ones. The relation between linear and nonlinear wave growth agrees with our basic assumption, namely, linear growth is a preceding process of nonlinear wave growth. We analyze electron distributions at the relativistic resonant energy ranges.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Chemical routes for the valorisation of biomass into high value added chemicals using ionic liquids as solvents
Creators: name: Al Ghatta, Amir
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Petrochemical industry has experienced huge development in the last century, dominating different sectors such as plastics, detergents, pharmaceuticals and fertilizers. While technologies for processing of fossil feedstocks are now well established with marginal room for improvements, biorenewable chemicals derived from biomass struggle to be commercialised at large scale due to strong barriers experienced in R&D. Much research is in place to develop catalysts which can achieve high turnover numbers and high yield which can compete with the traditional processes, but the usage of lignocellulosic biomass requires innovative approaches which combine catalyst and solvent design with optimal separation minimizing emissions and waste streams. In this work, we will investigate ionic liquids as valuable solvents for the synthesis of high value biomonomers such as diformylfuran (DFF) and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) starting from sugars. So far, the synthesis of these chemicals has seen huge challenges due to the difficulties in isolating the intermediate 5-HMF derived from sugar dehydration, which is the key molecule to produce these monomers. The usage of ionic liquids as solvents can lead to multiple advantages which can allow the production of these molecules at large scale, simplifying process separation and favouring high yield of reaction. Other bioderived products such as humins and surfactants will be studied as potential applications in the wastewater treatment for removal of heavy metals and detergents industry. A new category of biosurfactants derived from furfural exhibits remarkable proprieties which can have a potential higher cleaning ability compared the current oil derivatives ones. This thesis copes different aspects for an efficient sugar biorefinery, focused to substitute oil derivative consumer products, such as plastic and detergents, with the aim to achieve the reduction in CO2 emissions.
Effects of grazing exclusion on vegetation and seed bank composition in a mesic mountain grassland in Argentina
Creators: name: Loydi, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Background: Grazing is a major factor that affects grassland composition and species richness. While the long-term effects of grazing are well documented, information about the short-term effects of grazing is necessary for adaptive conservation management. Aims: Our objective was to ascertain how this held over varying time periods after herbivore removal vs. exclosures of different ages for grassland and soil seed bank composition in the Argentine Pampas. Methods: The composition of the vegetation and the seed bank assessed in plots with 2 and 12 years of grazing exclusion and in nearby grazed areas. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate treatment effects. Results: Grazing increased bare ground and reduced plant cover. Grazing reduced grass specific richness in the seed bank, while increased the richness and density of shrubs. The composition of the vegetation and the seed bank was not related. There was a trend whereby grazed areas were characterised by shrub species and non-palatable or annual grasses; the 2-year-old exclosures by forb species and the 12-year-old exclosures were dominated by perennial grasses. Conclusions: The removal of herbivores has changed vegetation and seed bank composition. The observed trend in reduction of species and life form diversity may be countered by controlled grazing for conservation purposes.
The Field Theory of the q->4+ Potts Model
Creators: name: Delfino, G.
name: Cardy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The q-state Potts model in two dimensions exhibits a first-order transition for q>4. As q->4+ the correlation length at this transition diverges. We argue that this limit defines a massive integrable quantum field theory whose lowest excitations are kinks connecting 4+1 degenerate ground states. We construct the S-matrix of this theory and the two-particle form factors, and hence estimate a number of universal amplitude ratios. These are in very good agreement with the results of extrapolated series in q^(-1/2) as well as Monte Carlo results for q=5.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure; latex
Additional file 1: of Genomic signatures accompanying the dietary shift to phytophagy in polyphagan beetles
Creators: name: Seppey, Mathieu
name: Ioannidis, Panagiotis
name: Emerson, Brent
name: Pitteloud, Camille
name: Robinson-Rechavi, Marc
name: Roux, Julien
name: Escalona, Hermes
name: McKenna, Duane
name: Misof, Bernhard
name: Shin, Seunggwan
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Waterhouse, Robert
name: Alvarez, Nadir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary results and methods. Details of the results from supplementary analyses and additional details on materials and methods including supplementary Tables S1â S4 and supplementary Figures S1â S10. (PDF 2228 kb)
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ВРОЖДЕННЫХ АНОМАЛИЙ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА ПЛОДА ВО ВТОРОМ ТРИМЕСТРЕ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: Джурабекова, Азиза
name: Васеева, Умида
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Врожденные аномалии головного мозга плода представляют собой серьезную медицинскую и социальную проблему, составляя значительную долю в структуре перинатальной и младенческой смертности. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения, частота встречаемости пороков развития центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) составляет 1-10 случаев на 1000 новорожденных, что делает их одной из наиболее распространенных групп врожденных пороков развития. Своевременная и точная диагностика этих патологий имеет решающее значение для определения дальнейшей тактики ведения беременности, возможности внутриутробной коррекции, планирования родоразрешения и послеродового ведения новорожденного.
Family-group names of fossil fishes
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: †Pingolepidae Chang & Chou 1974: 184 (family)
 † Pingolepis Chang & Chou 1974 [also Chang & Chou 1977: 23, 56]
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 56, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Impact of the neutron star crust on the tidal polarizability
Creators: name: Piekarewicz, J.
name: Fattoyev, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first detection of a binary neutron star merger has opened the brand new era of multimessenger astronomy. This historic detection has been instrumental in providing constraints on the tidal polarizability of neutron stars. In turn, the tidal polarizability has been used to impose limits on stellar radii and ultimately on the equation of state (EOS). The tidal polarizability is also sensitive to the second tidal Love number k2. It is the main purpose of this work to perform a detailed study of k2 which, for a given compactness parameter, encodes the entire sensitivity of the tidal polarizability to the EOS. In particular, we examine the role that the crustal component of the EOS plays in the determination of k2. A set of realistic models of the equation of state that yield an accurate description of the properties of finite nuclei and support neutron stars of two solar masses is used. Given that the tidal polarizability scales as the fifth power of the compactness parameter, a universal relation exists among the tidal polarizability and the compactness parameter that is highly insensitive to the underlying EOS. Thus, besides an extraction of the tidal polarizabilities, a measurement of the individual stellar masses is also required to impact the mass-radius relation. However, we observe a strong sensitivity of k2 to the EOS, particularly to the contribution from the inner crust. Although by itself the tidal polarizability can not contribute to the determination of the mass-radius relation, future detections of binary neutron star mergers are poised to provide significant constraints on both the tidal polarizabilities and masses of the individual stars, and thus ultimately on the mass-radius relation. Yet, subleading corrections to the tidal polarizability are encoded in the second Love number k2 which displays a large sensitivity to the entire (crust-plus-core) EOS.
description: 15 pages and 5 figures; submitted to Physical Review C
Survival benefit of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after anatomical hepatectomy
Creators: name: Ye, Tai-Wei
name: Wang, Dong-Dong
name: Lu, Wen-Feng
name: Xie, Ya-Ming
name: Xu, Fei-Qi
name: Fu, Tian-Wei
name: Zhang, Kang-Jun
name: Liu, Si-Yu
name: Xie, Gui-Lin
name: Cheng, Jian
name: Jiang, Kai
name: Xiao, Zun-Qiang
name: Yao, Wei-Feng
name: Shen, Guo-Liang
name: Liu, Jun-Wei
name: Huang, Dong-Sheng
name: Zhang, Cheng-Wu
name: Liang, Lei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Although anatomical hepatectomy (AH) is widely used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prognosis is still unsatisfactory. The present study aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with HCC after AH. A total of 832 patients were stratified into with adjuvant TACE (443, 53.2%) and without adjuvant TACE group (389, 46.8%) AH. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to control for confounding factors, and multivariable Cox regression was performed to determine the independent risk factors. After PSM, the results showed that the adjuvant TACE group had better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Among the patients with tumor recurrence, adjuvant TACE was associated with a high rate of early-stage tumor at recurrence, a lower recurrence rate around the frontal margin and extrahepatic metastases, and a higher rate of receiving curative treatment. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that adjuvant TACE was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 0.673, P = 0.001) and RFS (HR 0.650, P = 0.001). Patients with HCC after AH can benefit from postoperative adjuvant TACE. Therefore, adjuvant TACE should be considered for patients with a high risk of recurrence.
Monte Carlo Study of the Finite Size Effects on the Magnetization of Maghemite Small Particles
Creators: name: Iglesias, Oscar
name: Labarta, Amilcar
name: Ritort, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulations of a model for $γ$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ (maghemite) single particle of spherical shape are presented aiming at the elucidation the specific role played by the finite size and the surface on the anomalous magnetic behaviour observed in small particle systems at low temperature. The influence of the finite-size effects on the equilibrium properties of extensive magnitudes, field coolings and hysteresis loops is studied an compared to the results for periodic boundaries. It is shown that for the smallest sizes the thermal demagnetization of the surface completely dominates the magnetization while the behaviour of the core is similar to that of the periodic boundary case, independently of $D$. The change in shape of the hysteresis loops with $D$ demonstrates that the reversal mode is strongly influenced by the presence of broken links and disorder at the surface.
description: Presented at the 8th Joint MMM-Intermag Conference, San Antonio, Texas, 7-11 January 2001. Session HF-09. To be published in J. Appl. Phys. 3 pages, 3 figures
Quantum structure of the non-Abelian Weizsacker-Williams field for a very large nucleus
Creators: name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the McLerran-Venugopalan model for calculation of the small-$x$ part of the gluon distribution function for a very large ultrarelativistic nucleus at weak coupling. We construct the Feynman diagrams which correspond to the classical Weizsäcker-Williams field found previously [Yu. V. Kovchegov, Phys. Rev. D 54, 5463 (1996)] as a solution of the classical equations of motion for the gluon field in the light-cone gauge. Analyzing these diagrams we obtain a limit for the McLerran-Venugopalan model. We show that as long as this limit is not violated a classical field can be used for calculation of scattering amplitudes.
description: 13 pages, REVTeX, 9 figures
NaOH promoted hydrolysis of α-oxo ketene-N, S-acetals: Effective synthesis of β-keto amides
Creators: name: Li, Liangliang
name: Jiang, Chunxu
name: Peng, Tingting
name: Zhang, Nuonan
name: Ji, Jing
name: Yu, Haifeng
name: Zhao, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: An effective and novel synthesis of β-keto amides had been developed by NaOH promoted hydrolysis of α-oxo ketene-N, S-acetals. It was found that the hydrolysis of α-oxo ketene-N, S-acetals in the presence of 2 equivalent of NaOH in refluxing EtOH (95%) gave β-keto amides in excellent yields. The uses of toxic and harmful amines as well as the prepurification of these nucleophilic reagents were not required in the hydrolysis reaction. The method can extend to gram scale.
文章代码和数据：极端高温对全球经济影响的多尺度空间过程建模
Creators: name: Dong, Guanpeng
name: Zhang, Hang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370201
subject: Climate change processes
classificationCode: 370401
subject: Computational modelling and simulation in earth sciences
classificationCode: 370402
subject: Earth and space science informatics

description: 为了更好理解气候变化对经济系统的影响，极端高温对宏观经济增长的影响逐渐成为全球气候变化领域研究的重点。以往研究通常将国家或区域(次国家尺度空间单元)视为孤立的研究对象，忽略了地理邻近性和经济关联(如全球供应链、贸易等)对极端高温效应的潜在影响。如果区域或国家经济增长存在空间自相关效应，以往研究结果将会低估极端高温的经济效应。尽管已有研究从理论上探讨了气候变化能够通过不同的空间传播机制形成跨区域乃至全球范围的经济影响，但定量刻画极端高温效应的空间传播过程及其在区域和国家尺度上的差异仍是一个待解决的技术难题，这对深刻认知和全面评估气候变化带来的经济影响构成了挑战。本研究通过以Mundlak为桥梁融合气候变化计量经济模型和多尺度空间计量经济模型，开发针对气候变化经济计量的多尺度时空统计模型。在全球此国家尺度下，定量极端高温和极端降水的经济效应，发现：①极端高温和极端降水对经济具有明显的非线性负向因果效应。②忽略时间-区域-国家嵌套尺度结构下经济损失的空间传导过程，仅关注时间尺度的效应，将会显著低估极端高温和极端降水所造成的经济损失。数据和代码描述：MS3M.R：多尺度时空统计模型源代码。heatwavesMeth_MS3M_SimuANDCase_ZGKX.Rmd：调用多尺度时空统计模型进行代码可行性、准确性和准确度验证；应用多尺度时空统计模型评估全球气候极端高温经济效应。HWN_Model_Data_YR.Rdata，shp_yr_shi.shp，YellowRiver_prj.shp：用于验证代码可行性、有效性和准确度的模拟数据HWN_SARModel_Data_global_ZGKX.Rdata：时间尺度，次国家尺度和国家尺度人均GDP和气候变化指标数据
The FCS-LIKE ZINC FINGER 6 and 10 are involved in regulating osmotic stress responses in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: K, Muhammed Jamsheer
name: Dhriti Singh
name: Sharma, Mohan
name: Manvi Sharma
name: Jindal, Sunita
name: Mannully, Chanchal T.
name: Brihaspati N. Shukla
name: Ashverya Laxmi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN-SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (TOR-SnRK1) arms race is a key regulator of plant growth in response to energy fluctuations and stress. Recently, we have identified that two members of the FCS-LIKE ZINC FINGER (FLZ) protein family, FLZ6 and 10, repress SnRK1 signaling and thereby involved in the activation of the TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that FLZ6 and 10 are also involved in the regulation of osmotic stress responses. Downregulation of FLZ6 and 10 results in enhanced expression of stress-responsive genes and better resilience towards osmotic stress at the seedling stage. These results indicate that FLZ6 and 10 are involved in the regulation of stress mitigation in plants through directly affecting SnRK1 signaling.
Excitonic order at strong-coupling: pseudo-spins, doping, and ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tight binding model is introduced to describe the strong interaction limit of excitonic ordering. At stoichiometry, the model reduces in the strong coupling limit to a pseudo-spin model with approximate U(4) symmetry. Excitonic order appears in the pseudo-spin model as in-plane pseudo-magnetism. The U(4) symmetry unifies all possible singlet and triplet order parameters describing such states. Super-exchange, Hunds-rule coupling, and other perturbations act as anisotropies splitting the U(4) manifold, ultimately stabilizing a paramagnetic triplet state. The tendency to ferromagnetism with doping (observed experimentally in the hexaborides) is explained as a spin-flop transition to a different orientation of the U(4) order parameter. The physical mechanism favoring such a reorientation is the enhanced coherence (and hence lower kinetic energy) of the doped electrons in a ferromagnetic background relative to the paramagnet. A discussion of the physical meaning of various excitonic states and their experimental consequences is also provided.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Macroscopic 2D Wigner islands
Creators: name: Jean, M. Saint
name: Even, C.
name: Guthmann, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present new versatile "2D macroscopic Wigner islands" useful to investigate the various behaviors observed in mesoscopic confined systems. Our "Wigner islands" consist of electrostatically-interacting charged balls with millimetric size. We have experimentally determined the ground configurations for systems of N particles (N=1-30) confined in a parabolic potential and checked the influence of the confinement and interacting potentials. The results obtained are compared with the published numerical results.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Charge carrier dynamics and water oxidation photoelectrochemical performance of bismuth vanadate
Creators: name: Selim, Shababa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: In this thesis, the charge carrier dynamics that govern the photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance of bismuth vanadate are investigated using an array of time-resolved transient and steady-state absorption spectroscopic techniques. Chapter 1 outlines the motivation for this work and gives a brief introduction to the field, highlighting key research on bismuth vanadate photoanodes relevant to this work. The experimental methods used herein are detailed in chapter 2. Chapter 3, the first results chapter of this thesis, explores the role of structural defects such as oxygen vacancies, on the photoelectrochemical performance. The electronic occupancy of the defect states are modulated in situ electrochemically, thermally and optically, which allows the determination of their energetics and monitor the resulting impact on charge carrier kinetics. The results from this chapter provide insight into how the occupancy of the sub-bandgap electronic states affects charge carrier recombination, trapping, and transport. Occupied sub-bandgap states are observed to trap photogenerated holes in the bulk of the material, whereas the unoccupied counterparts (predominantly within the space-charge layer) function as electron traps which facilitate a thermally activated electron transport through a trapping / de-trapping mechanism, with an activation energy of ~0.2 eV. Chapter 4 investigates the charge transfer and charge extraction processes in the tungsten oxide/bismuth vanadate heterojunction photoanodes, at timescales relevant to water oxidation (μs – s). The enhanced performance of the heterojunction, in relation to the individual counterparts, is attributed to sub – microsecond electron transfer across the materials, leading to spatial separation of charge which minimises recombination losses. The role of applied bias on the charge carrier kinetics of heterojunction is also investigated. Chapter 5 focuses on the electrochemical water oxidation performance of FeOOH, Ni(Fe)OOH and FeOOHNiOOH electrocatalysts, and investigates the kinetics of water oxidation catalysis under neutral conditions. These electrocatalysts, when functionalised on bismuth vanadate photoanodes exhibit significant improvements in the photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance of mesoporous bismuth vanadate. The origin of this enhancement is explored, and is observed to be related to fast hole transfer from bismuth vanadate to the catalyst layer, minimising recombination losses.
Family-group names of fossil fishes
Creators: name: Laan, Richard Van Der
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: †Praesemionotidae Jörg 1969: 89, 94 (family)
 † Praesemionotus Jörg 1969
description: Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, 2018, Family-group names of fossil fishes, pp. 1-167 in European Journal of Taxonomy 466 on page 56, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.466, http://zenodo.org/record/5557557
Android decompiler performance on benign and malicious apps: an empirical study
Creators: name: Kargén, Ulf
name: Mauthe, Noah
name: Shahmehri, Nahid
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Decompilers are indispensable tools in Android malware analysis and app security auditing. Numerous academic works also employ an Android decompiler as the first step in a program analysis pipeline. In such settings, decompilation is frequently regarded as a “solved” problem, in that it is simply expected that source code can be accurately recovered from an app. On the other hand, it is known that, e.g, obfuscation can negatively impact a decompiler’s effectiveness. Therefore, in order to better understand potential failure modes of, e.g., automated analysis pipelines involving decompilation, it is important to characterize the performance of decompilers on both benign and malicious apps. To this end, we have performed what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first large-scale study of Android decompilation failure rates, using three sets of apps; namely, 3,018 open-source apps, 13,601 apps crawled from Google Play, and an existing collection of 24,553 malware samples. In addition to the state-of-the-art Dalvik bytecode decompiler Jadx, we also studied the performance of three popular Java decompilers. Furthermore, this paper also presents the findings from a follow-up study on 54,945 malware apps, where we additionally performed an analysis of the reasons for decompilation failures. Our study revealed that decompilers generally have very low failure rates, and that few failures on benign apps appear to be related to obfuscation. On malware, however, obfuscation appears to be a more prominent cause of failures, although the vast majority of malicious apps could still be fully decompiled by an ensemble of decompilers.
Iroko: A Framework to Prototype Reinforcement Learning for Data Center Traffic Control
Creators: name: Ruffy, Fabian
name: Przystupa, Michael
name: Beschastnikh, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent networking research has identified that data-driven congestion control (CC) can be more efficient than traditional CC in TCP. Deep reinforcement learning (RL), in particular, has the potential to learn optimal network policies. However, RL suffers from instability and over-fitting, deficiencies which so far render it unacceptable for use in datacenter networks. In this paper, we analyze the requirements for RL to succeed in the datacenter context. We present a new emulator, Iroko, which we developed to support different network topologies, congestion control algorithms, and deployment scenarios. Iroko interfaces with the OpenAI gym toolkit, which allows for fast and fair evaluation of different RL and traditional CC algorithms under the same conditions. We present initial benchmarks on three deep RL algorithms compared to TCP New Vegas and DCTCP. Our results show that these algorithms are able to learn a CC policy which exceeds the performance of TCP New Vegas on a dumbbell and fat-tree topology. We make our emulator open-source and publicly available: https://github.com/dcgym/iroko
description: 5 figures, 1 Table, 11 pages, Accepted to http://mlforsystems.org/accepted_papers.html (ML for Systems) workshop
Chirality and Reliability of Baryon QCD Sum Rules
Creators: name: Jin, Xuemin
name: Tang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD sum-rule method has been widely used in studying various baryon properties. For a given problem, there are usually more than one sum rules and they do not work equally well. In this paper, we point out that chirality plays an important role in determining the reliability of a baryon sum rule. The contributions of positive- and negative-parity excited baryon states partially cancel each other in the chiral-odd sum rules, but add up in the chiral-even sum rules. As such, the chiral-odd sum rules are generally more reliable than the chiral-even sum rules. This allows one to identify the more reliable sum rules and use them in extracting the ground-state baryon property of interest. This is illustrated in an explicit example.
description: 8 pages, ReVTeX, one figure embedded
Atmospheric Moisture Effects on Deep Convection in the Western Mediterranean
Creators: name: Caldas-Alvarez, Alberto
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Hochreichende Konvektion
Atmosphärisches Wasserdampf
Mittelmeer
Integrierte Wasserdampf
Dynamisches Skalensenkung
Deep Moist Convection
Atmospheric Moisture
Mediterranean
Integrated Water Vapour
Dynamical Downscaling

description: Improving the understanding and representation of heavy precipitation is crucial to prevent its hazards. A powerful means to reduce errors is to assimilate high-resolution humidity GPS observations. Here, novel experiments employing sub-hourly atmospheric GPS, in-situ observations and nudging are used to study the impact of moisture corrections on convection. This work adds new explanations on the sensitivity of extreme precipitation to moisture changes and on the added value of nudging GPS.
Pulling hairpinned polynucleotide chains: Does base-pair stacking interaction matter?
Creators: name: Zhou, Haijun
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Force-induced structural transitions both in relatively random and in designed single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) chains are studied theoretically. At high salt conditions, ssDNA forms compacted hairpin patterns stabilized by base-pairing and base-pair stacking interactions, and a threshold external force is needed to pull the hairpinned structure into a random coiled one. The base-pair stacking interaction in the ssDNA chain makes this hairpin-coil conversion a discontinuous (first-order) phase transition process characterized by a force plateau in the force-extension curve, while lowering this potential below some critical level turns this transition into continuous (second-order) type, no matter how strong the base-pairing interaction is. The phase diagram (including hairpin-I, -II, and random coil) is discussed as a function of stacking potential and external force. These results are in quantitative agreement with recent experimental observations of different ssDNA sequences, and they reveal the necessity to consider the base-pair stacking interactions in order to understand the structural formation of RNA, a polymer designed by nature itself. The theoretical method used may be extended to study the long-range interaction along double-stranded DNA caused by the topological constraint of fixed linking number.
description: 8 pages using Revtex
Boundary states for a free boson defined on finite geometries
Creators: name: Lewis, Marc-Andre
name: Saint-Aubin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Langlands recently constructed a map that factorizes the partition function of a free boson on a cylinder with boundary condition given by two arbitrary functions in the form of a scalar product of boundary states. We rewrite these boundary states in a compact form, getting rid of technical assumptions necessary in his construction. This simpler form allows us to show explicitly that the map between boundary conditions and states commutes with conformal transformations preserving the boundary and the reality condition on the scalar field.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX (uses AMS components). Revised version; an analogy with string theory computations is discussed and references added
The ecology of chytrid lineages in Southern Africa
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pria Natalia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The inter- and intraspecific diversity of microbial communities is known to be an important, but difficult to disentangle, factor in pathogen ecology. Conspecific or interspecific microbial interactions may result in competitive suppression, the evolution of pathogens to greater levels of virulence, environmental niche separation and coexistence or even result in the generation of novel recombinant pathogen genotypes. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the causative agent of chytridiomycosis, is a uniquely destructive pathogen – it is the proximate driver behind the population declines of an unprecedented number of amphibian species and has undergone a global dispersal. It has also become clear that within Bd are multiple phylogenetically deeply diverged lineages. There is evidence that these lineages vary in ecology and virulence, but diagnostic limitations have hampered research assessing the importance of lineage and lineage interactions on Bd epidemiology. I have developed a novel qPCR-based diagnostic to type the Bd lineage present in amphibian skin swabs, museum specimens and experimental animals quickly and economically, to facilitate the collection of baseline data on chytrid lineage distributions globally and to enable experimental work on lineage interactions and ecology. Using this novel diagnostic assay I have delineated Bd lineage distributions over one of the widest areas to date in South Africa and the Lesotho highlands, where both BdGPL and BdCAPE are shown to coexist, but are associated with different environmental conditions and exhibit distinctly different population structures. The data collected from this fieldwork were used to inform experimental work investigating whether the distributions observed in reality may be due to the lineages exhibiting divergent thermal optima. Finally, I considered the role that the wider fungal community may play in modulating pathogen dynamics by investigating whether a novel Malagasy chytrid may be preventing Bd from establishing on Madagascar, a biodiversity hotspot with a diverse endemic amphibian community.
The Zeeman Effect in the 44 GHz Class I Methanol (CH3OH) Maser Line Toward DR21W
Creators: name: Momjian, Emmanuel
name: Sarma, Anuj P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of the Zeeman effect in the 44 GHz Class I methanol maser line toward the high mass star forming region DR21W. There are two prominent maser spots in DR21W at the ends of a northwest-southeast linear arrangement. For the maser at the northwestern end (maser A), we fit three Gaussian components. In the strongest component, we obtain a significant Zeeman detection, with $zB_{\rm los}=-23.4\pm3.2$ Hz. If we use $z=-0.920$ Hz mG$^{-1}$ for the $F=5 \rightarrow 4$ hyperfine transition, this corresponds to a magnetic field $|B_{\rm los}|=25.4$ mG; $B_{\rm los}$ would be higher if a different hyperfine was responsible for the 44 GHz maser, but our results also rule out some hyperfines, since fields in these regions cannot be hundreds of mG. Class I methanol masers form in outflows where shocks compress magnetic fields in proportion to gas density. Designating our detected $B_{\rm los}=25$ mG as the magnetic field in the post-shock gas, we find that $B_{\rm los}$ in the pre-shock gas should be 0.1-0.8 mG. Although there are no thermal-line Zeeman detections toward DR21W, such values are in good agreement with Zeeman measurements in the CN thermal line of 0.36 and 0.71 mG about $3.5'$ away in DR21(OH) in gas of comparable density to the pre-shock gas density in DR21W. Comparison of our derived magnetic energy density to the kinetic energy density in DR21W indicates that magnetic fields likely play a significant role in shaping the dynamics of the post-shocked gas in DR21W.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, ApJ accepted
Effect of residue management and fertiliser application on the productivity of a Eucalyptus hybrid and Acacia mangium planted on sloping terrain in northern Vietnam
Creators: name: Nguyen Van Bich
name: Mendham, Daniel
name: Evans, Katherine J
name: Dong, Tran Lam
name: Vo Dai Hai
name: Thanh, Hoang Van
name: Mohammed, Caroline L
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Forest plantation growers in Vietnam commonly burn residues after harvesting and often apply suboptimal amounts of nutrients during plantation establishment. We examined whether the retention of forest residue, and application of phosphorus fertiliser at higher rates, can increase rates of growth. A factorial combination of residue management (burning vs retention) and phosphorus fertiliser application at planting (15 vs 100 kg ha−1) treatments were applied at a steeply sloping site in northern Vietnam. Two adjacent experiments were established, one with Acacia mangium and the other with a Eucalyptus hybrid (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus pellita). Standing volume and leaf area index in A. mangium were greater following burning; this was mostly attributable to the significantly higher survival rate of seedlings. Burning of residues was associated with increases in the number of large branches per tree, and a higher crown damage index (CDI). In the Eucalyptus hybrid, diameter and height responses to the higher rate of fertiliser were observed at age 6 and 12 months, but not beyond. High phosphorus application also led to higher CDI. Standard fertiliser treatment, applied in amounts equivalent to 17, 15 and 8 kg ha−1 of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, was adequate to meet the early growth requirement of eucalypt and acacia plantations at this site. The relatively low amounts of harvest residue and high fertility levels at the site may have masked more significant responses of trees to the silvicultural treatments applied in this study. On steep slopes, especially if soil is poorly fertile, harvest residue retention with adequate weed and termite control may be preferential to burning as it is closely correlated with reducing factors that negatively impact productivity, i.e. water run-off and soil erosion.
The Planet Nine Hypothesis
Creators: name: Batygin, Konstantin
name: Adams, Fred C.
name: Brown, Michael E.
name: Becker, Juliette C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the course of the past two decades, observational surveys have unveiled the intricate orbital structure of the Kuiper Belt, a field of icy bodies orbiting the Sun beyond Neptune. In addition to a host of readily-predictable orbital behavior, the emerging census of trans-Neptunian objects displays dynamical phenomena that cannot be accounted for by interactions with the known eight-planet solar system alone. Specifically, explanations for the observed physical clustering of orbits with semi-major axes in excess of $\sim250\,$AU, the detachment of perihelia of select Kuiper belt objects from Neptune, as well as the dynamical origin of highly inclined/retrograde long-period orbits remain elusive within the context of the classical view of the solar system. This newly outlined dynamical architecture of the distant solar system points to the existence of a new planet with mass of $m_9\sim 5-10\,M_{\oplus}$, residing on a moderately inclined orbit ($i_9\sim15-25°$) with semi-major axis $a_9\sim 400 - 800\,$AU and eccentricity between $e_9 \sim 0.2 - 0.5$. This paper reviews the observational motivation, dynamical constraints, and prospects for detection of this proposed object known as Planet Nine.
description: 92 pages, 28 figures, published in Physics Reports
Datenrecherche
Creators: name: TU9-FDM
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: research data management
Forschungsdatenmanagement

description: Die Trainingsfolien zur Datenrecherche entstanden in Kooperation der TU9-Bibliotheken zum Thema Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM). Thema dieser Folien ist, welche Möglichkeiten es gibt, Forschungsdaten zu finden und diese anschließend nachzunutzen.