cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Influence of ambient air on the flowing afterglow of an atmospheric pressure Ar/O2 radiofrequency plasma
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Duluard, Corinne
name: Hubert, Julie
name: Reniers, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: The influence of ambient air on the flowing afterglow of an atmospheric pressure Ar/O2 radiofrequency plasma has been investigated experimentally. Spatially resolved mass spectrometry and laser induced fluorescence on OH radicals were used to estimate the intrusion of air in between the plasma torch and the substrate as a function of the torch-to-substrate separation distance. No air is detected, within the limits of measurement uncertainties, for separation distances smaller than 5 mm. For larger distances, the effect of ambient air can no longer be neglected, and radial gradients in the concentrations of species appear. The Ar 4p population, determined through absolute optical emission spectroscopy, is seen to decrease with separation distance, whereas a rise in emission from the N2(C–B) system is measured. The observed decay in Ar 4p and N2(C) populations for separation distances greater than 9 mm is partly assigned to the increasing collisional quenching rate by N2 and O2 molecules from the entrained air. Absorption measurements also point to the formation of ozone at concentrations from 1014 to 1015 cm–3, depending both on the injected O2 flow rate and the torch-to-substrate separation distance.
Multi-epoch spectropolarimetry of SN 2009ip: direct evidence for aspherical circumstellar material
Creators: name: Mauerhan, Jon C.
name: Williams, G. Grant
name: Smith, Nathan
name: Smith, Paul S.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Hoffman, Jennifer L.
name: Leonard, Douglas C.
name: Milne, Peter
name: Clubb, Kelsey I.
name: Fox, Ori D.
name: Kelly, Patrick L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectropolarimetry of SN 2009ip throughout the evolution of its 2012 explosion. During the initial 2012a phase, when the source spectrum exhibits broad P-Cygni lines, we measure a V-band polarization of P~0.9% at a position angle of ~166 deg, indicating substantial asphericity for the 2012a outflow. Near the subsequent peak of the 2012b phase, when the spectrum shows signs of intense interaction with circumstellar material (CSM), we measure P~1.7% at a position angle of 72 deg, indicating a separate physical component of polarization, which has a higher degree of asphericity than the 2012a outflow and an orthogonal axis of symmetry on the sky. Around 30 days past peak, which is coincident with a bump in the declining light curve, we measure P~0.7% and significant variations in P across some broad lines, particularly HeI/NaI. By 60 days past peak the source appears to be approaching a low value of interstellar polarization (P<0.2%). The results are consistent with a scenario in which a potentially bipolar explosion during 2012a impacts a toroidal distribution of CSM, thereby causing the 2012b brightening. Orthogonality between the 2012a and 2012b geometries is inconsistent with the hypothesis that the 2012a event launched the CSM that was hit 40 days later by material from the 2012b event. Rather, the aspherical CSM probably has a separate origin associated with the outbursts of the stellar progenitor during prior years. Previous calculations that assumed spherical symmetry for the CSM have underestimated the required explosion energy, as the results suggest that <10% of the fast SN ejecta participated in strong CSM interaction during the 2012b phase. In light of the spectropolarimetric results, a kinetic energy of 1e51 erg for the ejecta is difficult to avoid, supporting the interpretation that the 2012 outburst was the result of a core-collapse supernova explosion (abridged)
description: Accepted to MNRAS 2014 Apr 7. Accepted version. 15 pages, 10 figures
Untersuchungen an Beauveria tenella (NRRL 2334, 2335, 2336; bisher Agaricus campestris)
Creators: name: Molitoris, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Dass. Gekürzte Fassg. S. 57-114 mit Abb. gr. 8 (Nur in beschr. Anz. f. d. Aust.) Aus: Archiv f. Mikrobiologie. Bd 47. 1963
NNLO B-fragmentation fits and their application to $t\bar t$ production and decay at the LHC
Creators: name: Czakon, Michał
name: Generet, Terry
name: Mitov, Alexander
name: Poncelet, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we derive three sets of non-perturbative fragmentation functions, with uncertainties, for $B$-hadrons, $J/ψ$'s and muons resulting from semileptonic $B$ decays. All three sets are with next-to-next-to leading order accuracy and include next-to-next-to leading logarithmic soft gluon resummation. The novel feature of these new sets is that they are fully consistent with our formalism for next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) calculations for final states with identified $B$, $J/ψ$ or a $μ$. We employ the fragmentation functions derived in this work to make state of the art predictions for such final states in $t\bar t$ events at the LHC. A special emphasis is placed on observables sensitive to the top quark mass. The present work opens the door for many LHC applications, like, open $B$ production or $B$ production in association with bosons.
description: 46 pages, 59 figures, matches published version
Observational Constraints on Varying-alpha Domain Walls
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
name: Sousa, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that current hints of spatial variations of the fine structure constant at high redshift, based on VLT/UVES and Keck/HIRES observations, could be caused by a biased domain wall network described by a scalar field non-minimally coupled to the electromagnetic field. We show that in order to be responsible for the reported spatial variations of the fine structure constant, the fractional contribution of the domain wall network to the energy density of the Universe should be tightly constrained within the range $10^{-10} < Ω_{w0} < 10^{-5}$. We also show that the domain wall dynamics should be essentially frictionless, so that its characteristic scale is in the order of the Hubble radius at the present time.
description: 11 pages, no figures (matches published version)
Symplectic Tate homology
Creators: name: Albers, Peter
name: Cieliebak, Kai
name: Frauenfelder, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a Liouville domain $W$ satisfying $c_1(W)=0$, we propose in this note two versions of symplectic Tate homology $\underrightarrow{H}\underleftarrow{T}(W)$ and $\underleftarrow{H}\underrightarrow{T}(W)$ which are related by a canonical map $κ\colon \underrightarrow{H}\underleftarrow{T}(W) \to \underleftarrow{H}\underrightarrow{T}(W)$. Our geometric approach to Tate homology uses the moduli space of finite energy gradient flow lines of the Rabinowitz action functional for a circle in the complex plane as a classifying space for $S^1$-equivariant Tate homology. For rational coefficients the symplectic Tate homology $\underrightarrow{H}\underleftarrow{T}(W)$ has the fixed point property and is therefore isomorphic to $H(W;\mathbb{Q}) \otimes \mathrm{Q}[u,u^{-1}]$, where $\mathbb{Q}[u,u^{-1}]$ is the ring of Laurent polynomials over the rationals. Using a deep theorem of Goodwillie, we construct examples of Liouville domains where the canonical map $κ$ is not surjective and examples where it is not injective.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures; v2: various improvements
Competitive and synergistic effects between excimer VUV radiation and O radicals on the etching mechanisms of polyethylene and fluoropolymer surfaces treated by an atmospheric He-O2 post-discharge
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Hubert, Julie
name: Vandencasteele, Nicolas
name: Reniers, François
name: Viville, Pascal
name: Lazzaroni, Roberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: Among various surface modification techniques, plasma can be used as a source for tailoring the surface properties of diverse materials. HDPE and fluoropolymer surfaces have been treated by the post-discharge of an atmospheric RF-plasma torch supplied with helium and oxygen gases. The plasma-treated surfaces were characterized by measurements of mass losses, water contact angles, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. This experimental approach correlated with an optical characterization of the plasma phase allowed us to propose etching mechanisms occurring at the post-discharge/polymer interface. We discuss how competitive and synergistic effects can result from the oxidation and/or the roughening of the surface but also from the excimer VUV radiation, the He metastable species and the O radicals reaching the plasma-polymer interface.
Frequency dependence of the Chiral Vortical Effect
Creators: name: Landsteiner, Karl
name: Megias, Eugenio
name: Benítez, Francisco Peña
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the frequency dependence of all the chiral vortical and magnetic conductivities for a relativistic gas of free chiral fermions and for a strongly coupled conformal field theory with holographic dual in four dimensions. Both systems have gauge and gravitational anomalies, and we compute their contribution to the conductivities. The chiral vortical conductivities and the chiral magnetic conductivity in the energy current show a frequency dependence in the form of a delta centered at zero frequency. This highly discontinuous behavior is a natural consequence of the Ward identities that include the energy momentum tensor. We discuss the physical interpretation of this result and its possible implications for the quark gluon plasma as created in heavy ion collisions. In the Appendix we discuss why the chiral magnetic effect seems to vanish in the consistent current for a particular implementation of the axial chemical potential.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures; v2 version accepted for publication, title changed, sections IV and V added, discussion improved
MOSS: Back to the future
Creators: name: Peter Dr. Löwe
name: Nartišs, Māris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Source GIS
OSGeo
MOSS
Software Citation
MOSS GIS
Map Overlay and Statistical System

description: This is a work in progress report about how the legacy software project Map Overlay and Statistical System (MOSS) was successfully saved from digital extinction
Additional file 1 of Outcomes improvement despite continuous visits of severely injured patients during the COVID-19 outbreak: experience at a regional trauma centre in South Korea
Creators: name: Kang, Sooyeon
name: Park, Ji Eun
name: Ko, Ji Wool
name: Kim, Myoung Jun
name: Choi, Young Un
name: Shim, Hongjin
name: Bae, Keum Seok
name: Kim, Kwangmin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Trauma team activationcriteria.
Smooth and proper noncommutative schemes and gluing of DG categories
Creators: name: Orlov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F05, 18E30, 16E45

description: In this paper we discuss different properties of noncommutative schemes over a field. We define a noncommutative scheme as a differential graded category of a special type. We study regularity, smoothness and properness for noncommutative schemes. Admissible subcategories of categories of perfect complexes on smooth projective schemes provide natural examples of smooth and proper noncommutative schemes that are called geometric noncommutative schemes. In this paper we show that the world of all geometric noncommutative schemes is closed under an operation of a gluing of differential graded categories via bimodules. As a consequence of the main theorem we obtain that for any finite dimensional algebra with separable semisimple part the category of perfect complexes over it is equivalent to a full subcategory of the category of perfect complexes on a smooth projective scheme. Moreover, if the algebra has finite global dimension, then the full subcategory is admissible. We also provide a construction of a smooth projective scheme that admits a full exceptional collection and contains as a subcollection an exceptional collection given in advance. As another application of the main theorem we obtain, in characteristic 0, an existence of a full embedding for the category of perfect complexes on any proper scheme to the category of perfect complexes on a smooth projective scheme.
description: 43 pages, small corrections, a new formulation and proof of Proposition 3.29
HeFDI Data Talk "Anforderungen der DFG an das Forschungsdatenmanagement"
Creators: name: Ortrun Brand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Forschungsdaten
Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
Drittmittel
digitale Daten
HeFDI Data Talks
HeFDI Data Talks 2022
DFG
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

description: Die DFG verschärft ihre Anforderungen an das Forschungsdatenmanagement. in unserem Talk stellen wir Ihnen vor, was die Rahmenbedingungen sind und worauf Sie bei Ihrem DFG-Antrag achten sollten. Auch Sonderforschungsbereiche werden thematisiert, ebenso geben wir Ihnen Hinweise zu Unterstützungsangeboten.
description: Die HeFDI Data Talks sind eine zweiwöchentliche offene Informations- und Diskussionsveranstaltung rund um das Thema Datenmanagement im Wissenschaftskontext, in deren Rahmen sich einschlägige NFDI-Konsortien sowie Forschungsdatenmanagements-Dienste vorstellen. Die Reihe diskutiert aktuelle Themen und stellt zahlreiche – auch lokale und regionale – Tools und Services vor. Angeboten werden die HeFDI Data Talks von der Landesinitiative HeFDI - Hessische Forschungsdateninfrastrukturen, welche vom Hessischen Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (HMWK) finanziert wird.
Civil protection in Switzerland and emergency planning instruments and cultural heritage safeguarding
Creators: name: Pucciarelli, Marta
name: Scapozza, Cristian
name: Pensa, Iolanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cultural heritage protection
Emergency planning regulations in Switzerland
Natural hazards

description: An investigation aimed at making a critical comparison of the Emergency Planning regulations in the Alps (roles, responsibilities, involved bodies and subjects), with a in depth analysis of the different schemes applied by competent authorities and Civil Protection bodies in the field of cultural heritage protection against natural hazards.
description: Deliverable in the frame of the European project Interreg Alpine Space CHEERS Cultural Heritage. Risks and Securing activities https://www.alpine-space.eu/project/cheers/ Deliverable D.T2.2.1 Critical overview of Emergency Planning schemes at Alpine level. Activity A.T4.1 Emergency Planning and cultural heritages protection: how do the Alps deal with this issue?
HeFDI Data Talk "Anforderungen der DFG an das Forschungsdatenmanagement"
Creators: name: Ortrun Brand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Forschungsdaten
Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
Drittmittel
research data
research data management
RDM
third-party funding
HeFDI Data Talks
HeFDI Data Talks 2022
DFG
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

description: Die DFG erwartet heute von Ihnen, dass Sie im Rahmen von Förderanträgen auch den Umgang mit Forschungsdaten beschreiben und planen - zugeschnitten auf Ihr spezifisches Projekt. Auch bei Begutachtungen und Vor-Ort-Kontrollen kann der Umgang mit Daten ein Thema sein. Doch was ist dabei zu beachten? Welche Fragen müssen zum Datenmanagement beantwortet werden?

Im HeFDI Data Talk präsentiert Dr. Ortrun Brand die Eckpunkte der DFG Richtlinien in Bezug auf das Forschungsdatenmanagement und Wissenswertes für die Antragsstellung. Auch Sonderforschungsbereiche werden thematisiert und weitere Hinweise zu Unterstützungsangeboten gegeben. Der Vortrag basiert auf einem gleichnamigen Vortrag vom 20. Mai 2022: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.656718.

Die HeFDI Data Talks sind eine zweiwöchentliche offene Informations- und Diskussionsveranstaltung rund um das Thema Datenmanagement im Wissenschaftskontext, in deren Rahmen sich einschlägige NFDI-Konsortien sowie Forschungsdatenmanagements-Dienste vorstellen. Die Reihe diskutiert aktuelle Themen und stellt zahlreiche – auch lokale und regionale – Tools und Services vor. 
description: Die HeFDI Data Talks sind ein Angebot der Landesinitiative HeFDI - Hessische Forschungsdateninfrastrukturen, welche vom Hessischen Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (HMWK) finanziert wird.
cffinit
Creators: name: Spaaks, Jurriaan H.
name: Verhoeven, Stefan
name: Diblen, Faruk
name: Druskat, Stephan
name: Soares Siqueira, Abel
name: Garcia Gonzalez, Jesus
name: Cushing, Reggie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: citation
CITATION.cff
credit
research software engineering

description: Web form to initialize CITATION.cff files.
Mortality of intubated patients with COVID-19 during first and subsequent waves: a meta-analysis involving 363,660 patients from 43 countries
Creators: name: Xourgia, Eleni
name: Katsaros, Dimitrios E.
name: Xixi, Nikoleta A.
name: Tsolaki, Vasiliki
name: Routsi, Christina
name: Zakynthinos, Spyros G.
name: Kotanidou, Anastasia
name: Siempos, Ilias I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: We attempted to investigate the change in mortality of intubated patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from first to subsequent waves across several countries. We pre-registered our meta-analysis with PROSPERO [Anonymized]. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and gray literature for observational studies reporting data on all-cause mortality of intubated patients with COVID-19 recruited both during first and subsequent waves of the pandemic. We considered studies published after 31 August 2020 up to 12 July 2021. The primary outcome of the meta-analysis was all-cause mortality. We used a random effects model to calculate pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). By incorporating data of 363,660 patients from 43 countries included in 28 studies, we found that all-cause mortality of intubated patients with COVID-19 increased from first to subsequent waves (from 62.2% to 72.6%; RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.94, p < 0.00001). This finding was independent of the geo-economic variation of the included studies and persisted in several pre-specified subgroup and sensitivity analyses. The robust finding of this meta-analysis suggests that mortality of intubated patients with COVID-19 did not improve over time. Future research should target this group of patients to further optimize their management.
BLENDED LEARNING MODELS IN EFL/ESL CONTEXTS: INVESTIGATING THE INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL FACE-TO-FACE INSTRUCTION WITH ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
Creators: name: Tursunova Munisa Muhammadsharif qizi, Independent researcher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Blended learning, the combination of traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning environments, has gained significant attention in the field of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) education. This article aims to investigate the effectiveness of blended learning models in EFL/ESL contexts and identify optimal combinations of in-person and online interactions. By reviewing relevant studies and examining key components of successful blended learning models, this research sheds light on the potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing blended learning in language education.
Keywords: blended learning, face-to-face instruction, online learning, EFL, ESL, language learning outcomes, learner engagement
Suppression of the emittance growth induced by coherent synchrotron radiation in triple-bend achromats
Creators: name: Huang, Xiyang
name: Jiao, Yi
name: Xu, Gang
name: Cui, Xiaohao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) effect in a bending path plays an important role in transverse emittance dilution in high-brightness light sources and linear colliders, where the electron beams are of short bunch length and high peak current. Suppression of the emittance growth induced by CSR is critical to preserve the beam quality and help improve the machine performance. It has been shown that the CSR effect in a double-bend achromat (DBA) can be analyzed with the two-dimensional point-kick analysis method. In this paper, this method is applied to analyze the CSR effect in a triple-bend achromat (TBA) with symmetric layout, which is commonly used in the optics designs of energy recovery linacs (ERLs). A condition of cancelling the CSR linear effect in such a TBA is obtained, and is verified through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that emittance preservation can be achieved with this condition, and to a large extent, has a high tolerance to the fluctuation of the initial transverse phase space distribution of the beam.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Association between the efficacy and immune-related adverse events of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Kurokawa, Kana
name: Mitsuishi, Yoichiro
name: Shimada, Naoko
name: Kawakami, Yuta
name: Miura, Keita
name: Miyawaki, Taichi
name: Asao, Tetsuhiko
name: Ko, Ryo
name: Shukuya, Takehito
name: Shibayama, Rina
name: Nojiri, Shuko
name: Takahashi, Kazuhisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Univariable and multivariable time-varying Cox model analysis of covariates for progression-free survival in the combination therapy and monotherapy groups.
Dual Query: Practical Private Query Release for High Dimensional Data
Creators: name: Gaboardi, Marco
name: Arias, Emilio Jesús Gallego
name: Hsu, Justin
name: Roth, Aaron
name: Wu, Zhiwei Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a practical, differentially private algorithm for answering a large number of queries on high dimensional datasets. Like all algorithms for this task, ours necessarily has worst-case complexity exponential in the dimension of the data. However, our algorithm packages the computationally hard step into a concisely defined integer program, which can be solved non-privately using standard solvers. We prove accuracy and privacy theorems for our algorithm, and then demonstrate experimentally that our algorithm performs well in practice. For example, our algorithm can efficiently and accurately answer millions of queries on the Netflix dataset, which has over 17,000 attributes; this is an improvement on the state of the art by multiple orders of magnitude.
cffinit
Creators: name: Spaaks, Jurriaan H.
name: Verhoeven, Stefan
name: Diblen, Faruk
name: Druskat, Stephan
name: Soares Siqueira, Abel
name: Garcia Gonzalez, Jesus
name: Cushing, Reggie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: citation
CITATION.cff
credit
research software engineering

description: Web form to initialize CITATION.cff files.
Multisite and Multitemporal Grassland Yield Estimation Using UAV-Borne Hyperspectral Data
Creators: name: Wengert, Matthias
name: Wijesingha, Jayan
name: Schulze-Brüninghoff, Damian
name: Wachendorf, Michael
name: Astor, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: UAV
subject: hyperspectral
subject: grassland
subject: biomass
subject: multisite
subject: multitemporal
subject: predictive modeling
subject: 630
subject: Grünlandwirtschaft
subject: Ertrag
subject: Biomasse
subject: Modellprädiktive Regelung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
No-boundary wave function for two-field inflation
Creators: name: Hwang, Dong-il
name: Kim, Soo A
name: Yeom, Dong-han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the no-boundary wave function and the complex-valued instantons for two-field inflation models that have different masses. If there is a relatively massive direction, to classicalize the massive field, the solution should start from the slow direction with relatively larger vacuum energy. Therefore, the existence of the massive direction implies the increase of expected $e$-foldings. The most probable $e$-foldings are approximately $\mathcal{N} \simeq (m_{2}/m_{1})^{2} \times \mathcal{O}(1)$ in the $m_{1} \ll m_{2}$ limit. Therefore, as long as there is a sufficient mass hierarchy, the no-boundary wave function can reasonably explain large $e$-foldings, so to speak more than 50 $e$-foldings.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Ignition and extinction phenomena in helium micro hollow cathode discharges
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Kulsresath, Mukesh
name: Schwaederle, Laurent
name: Overzet, Lawrence J.
name: Lefaucheux, Philippe
name: dussart, rémi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: Micro hollow cathode discharges (MHCD) were produced using 250 μm thick dielectric layer of alumina sandwiched between two nickel electrodes of 8 μm thickness. A through cavity at the center of the chip was formed by laser drilling technique. MHCD with a diameter of few hundreds of micrometers allowed us to generate direct current discharges in helium at up to atmospheric pressure. A slowly varying ramped voltage generator was used to study the ignition and the extinction periods of the micro-discharges. The analysis was performed by using electrical characterization of the V-I behavior and the measurement of He*(3S1) metastable atoms density by tunable diode laser spectroscopy. At the ignition of the micro-discharges, 2 μs long current peak as high as 24 mA was observed, sometimes followed by low amplitude damped oscillations. At helium pressure above 400 Torr, an oscillatory behavior of the discharge current was observed just before the extinction of the micro-discharges. The same type of instability in the extinction period at high pressure also appeared on the density of He*(3S1) metastable atoms but delayed by a few μs relative to the current oscillations. Metastable atoms thus cannot be at the origin of the generation of the observed instabilities.
Destroying a topological quantum bit by condensing Ising vortices
Creators: name: Hao, Zhihao
name: Inglis, Stephen
name: Melko, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imminent realization of topologically-protected qubits in fabricated systems will provide not only an elementary implementation of fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture, but also an experimental vehicle for the general study of topological order. The simplest topological qubit harbors what is known as a Z$_2$ liquid phase, which encodes information via a degeneracy depending on the system's topology. Elementary excitations of the phase are fractionally charged objects called {\it spinons}, or Ising flux vortices called {\it visons}. At zero temperature a Z$_2$ liquid is stable under deformations of the Hamiltonian until spinon or vison condensation induces a quantum phase transition destroying the topological order. In this paper, we use quantum Monte Carlo to study a vison-induced transition from a Z$_2$ liquid to a valence-bond solid in a quantum dimer model on the kagome lattice. Our results indicate that this critical point is controlled by a new universality class beyond the standard Landau paradigm.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Foreign and Domestic Growth Drivers in Eastern Europe
Creators: name: Weber, Enzo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Eastern Europe, Growth, Exports, Investment, Identification
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: O11
subject: C32

description: This paper analyses the growth effects of capital formation, exports and FDI as major drivers of economic development in Eastern Europe. The fundamental innovations are identified by empirically and theoretically motivated short- and long-run restrictions in structural cointegrated vector autoregressions. Impulse responses and variance decompositions reveal quite different growth effects in various Eastern European countries. Generally, strong reliance on exports goes along with higher GDP, and FDI bears substantial potential for fostering economic growth. It is shown that the recent worldwide recession clearly hit Eastern Europe through the export channel, whereas the recovery is mainly supported by positive demand shocks.
Cost-effectiveness of single-inhaler triple therapy for patients with severe COPD: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Rana, Rezwanul Hasan
name: Alam, Khorshed
name: Keramat, Syed Afroz
name: Gow, Jeff
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Evidence from non-randomized studies shows benefits for single-inhaler users compared with multiple-inhaler users who receive the same medication. As a result, comparative cost-effectiveness studies are required to inform treatment decisions with an increasing choice of medications and devices for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of using a single combination inhaler regimen for patients with severe COPD. This review also investigated the health impact on patients in different settings. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EBSCO Host (including CINAHL and EconLit), Health Technology Assessment Database, National Institute for Health Research Economic Evaluation Database, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry and Google Scholar. Based on the primary findings of 13 included studies: (1) single-inhaler triple therapy was a cost-effective treatment option for patients with severe COPD, and (2) triple therapy also resulted in better health outcomes (reduced exacerbations, life-years gained) and increased QALYs for patients with severe COPD. Nonetheless, eleven out of the thirteen selected studies were funded by the pharmaceutical industry, and none were conducted in the least developed countries. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution.
Additional file 1 of Wood discoloration patterns depending on the light source
Creators: name: Cirule, Dace
name: Kuka, Edgars
name: Andersone, Ingeborga
name: Andersons, Bruno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. 1. Spectral power distribution for the light sources used in experiments: Inc – incandescent lamp, Fl – fluorescent lamp.
Universality of Jamming Criticality in Overdamped Shear-Driven Frictionless Disks
Creators: name: Vågberg, Daniel
name: Olsson, Peter
name: Teitel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the criticality of the jamming transition for overdamped shear-driven frictionless disks in two dimensions for two different models of energy dissipation: (i) Durian's bubble model with dissipation proportional to the velocity difference of particles in contact, and (ii) Durian's "mean-field" approximation to (i), with dissipation due to the velocity difference between the particle and the average uniform shear flow velocity. By considering velocity correlations, finite-size behavior of pressure, and the pressure analog of viscosity, we argue that these two models share the same critical behavior.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Also includes Supplemental material: 3 pages, 5 figures
Late-time cosmology with 21cm intensity mapping experiments
Creators: name: Bull, Philip
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
name: Patel, Prina
name: Santos, Mario G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a framework for forecasting cosmological constraints from future neutral hydrogen intensity mapping experiments at low to intermediate redshifts. In the process, we establish a simple way of comparing such surveys with optical galaxy redshift surveys. We explore a wide range of experimental configurations and assess how well a number of cosmological observables (the expansion rate, growth rate, and angular diameter distance) and parameters (the densities of dark energy and dark matter, spatial curvature, the dark energy equation of state, etc.) will be measured by an extensive roster of upcoming experiments. A number of potential contaminants and systematic effects are also studied in detail. The overall picture is encouraging -- if autocorrelation calibration can be controlled to a sufficient level, Phase I of the SKA should be able to constrain the dark energy equation of state about as well as a DETF Stage IV galaxy redshift survey like Euclid, in roughly the same timeframe.
description: Extensive update with new array specifications. Conclusions unchanged. Matches published version
Additional file 2 of Wood discoloration patterns depending on the light source
Creators: name: Cirule, Dace
name: Kuka, Edgars
name: Andersone, Ingeborga
name: Andersons, Bruno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table 1. Colour parameters (CIELA colour space) of unexposed wood with standard deviations in parentheses. Table 2. Average colour parameters corresponding to the highest DE values observed during the experiments. Fig. 1. Reflectance spectra of unexposed wood
Therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects of baricitinib on mortality, ICU transfer, clinical improvement, and CRS-related laboratory parameters of hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tekantapeh, Sepideh Tahsini
name: Ghojazadeh, Morteza
name: Ghamari, Ali Akbar
name: Mohammadi, Aida
name: Soleimanpour, Hassan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Due to the high incidence and mortality of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, beneficial effects of effective antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs used in other diseases, especially rheumatic diseases, were observed in the treatment of COVID-19. Clinical and laboratory parameters of eight included cohort studies and five Randomized Control Trials between the baricitinib group and the control group were analyzed on the first day of admission and days 7, 14, and 28 during hospitalization. According to the meta-analysis result of eight included cohort studies with 2088 patients, the Pooled Risk Ratios were 0.46 (P < 0.001) for mortality, 6.14 (P < 0.001) for hospital discharge, and the mean differences of 76.78 (P < 0.001) for PaO2/FiO2 ratio was −47.32 (P = 0.02) for CRP, in the baricitinib group vs. control group on the seventh or fourteenth day of the treatment compared to the first day. Based on the meta-analysis of five RCT studies with 11,825 patients, the pooled RR was 0.84 (P = 0.001) for mortality and 1.07 (P = 0.014) for patients’ recovery. The mean differences were −0.80 (P < 0.001) for hospitalization days, −0.51(P = 0.33) for time to recovery in the baricitinib group vs. control group. Baricitinib prescription is strongly recommended in moderate to severe COVID-19.
Parameter identification of crack-like notches in aluminum plates based on strain gauge data
Creators: name: Boukellif, Ramdane
name: Ricoeur, Andreas
name: Oxe, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: distributed dislocations
subject: structural health monitoring
subject: crack detection
subject: inverse problem
subject: 620
subject: Aluminiumblech
subject: Structural Health Monitoring
subject: Riss
subject: Schadenfrüherkennung
subject: Parameteridentifikation
subject: Inverses Problem
subject: Spannungsintensitätsfaktor

description: Allianz-/Nationallizenz
Immunology of Edible Vaccines and its Veterinary Importance
Creators: name: Ankit Jain, Joycee Jogi, Rakhi Gangil, Daljeet Chhabra, Rakesh Sharda and Ravi Sikrodia
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: The greatest numbers of immune cells are associated with the gastrointestinal tract. At least 80% of all plasma cells are found in the intestinal lamina propria, and together they produce more IgA than all other immunoglobulin isotypes combined. IgA is found in enormous amounts in saliva, intestinal fluid, nasal, and tracheal secretions, tears, milk, colostrum, urine, and the secretions of the urogenital tract. When animals are vaccinated against organisms that invade the intestinal or respiratory tracts, it makes sense to stimulate a mucosal IgA response
Black Hole Entropy from indistinguishable quantum geometric excitations
Creators: name: Majhi, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In loop quantum gravity, the quantum geometry of a black hole horizon consist of discrete non-perturbative quantum geometric excitations (or punctures) labeled by spins, which are responsible for the quantum area of the horizon. If these punctures are compared to a gas of particles, then the spins associated with the punctures can be viewed as single puncture area levels analogous to single particle energy levels. Consequently, if we {\it assume} these punctures to be {\it indistinguishable}, the microstate count for the horizon resembles that of Bose-Einstein counting formula for gas of particles. For the Bekenstein-Hawking area law(BHAL) to follow from the entropy calculation in the large area limit, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter($\g$) approximately takes a constant value.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of Wood discoloration patterns depending on the light source
Creators: name: Cirule, Dace
name: Kuka, Edgars
name: Andersone, Ingeborga
name: Andersons, Bruno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. 1. Discolouration caused by exposure of pine heartwood to LED 6500 K versus content of extractives in wood from these boards.
Fluctuation Theorem for Partially-masked Nonequilibrium Dynamics
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Naoto
name: Sagawa, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a novel generalization of the fluctuation theorem for partially-masked nonequilibrium dynamics. We introduce a partial entropy production with a subset of all possible transitions, and show that the partial entropy production satisfies the integral fluctuation theorem.Our result reveals the fundamental properties of a broad class of autonomous nanomachines as well as non-autonomous ones. In particular, our result gives a unified fluctuation theorem for both autonomous and non-autonomous Maxwell's demons, where mutual information plays a crucial role. Furthermore, we derive a novel kind of fluctuation-dissipation theorem that relates nonequilibrium stationary current to two kinds of equilibrium fluctuations.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
The $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$ as axial-vector tetraquark states in the QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
name: Huang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the axial-vector mesons $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$ with the $Cγ_μ-Cγ_5$ type and $Cγ_μ-Cγ_ν$ type interpolating currents respectively by carrying out the operator product expansion to the vacuum condensates up to dimension-10. In calculations, we explore the energy scale dependence of the QCD spectral densities of the hidden bottom tetraquark states in details for the first time, and suggest a formula $μ=\sqrt{M^2_{X/Y/Z}-(2{\mathbb{M}}_b)^2}$ with the effective mass ${\mathbb{M}}_b=5.13\,\rm{GeV}$ to determine the energy scales. The numerical results favor assigning the $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$ as the $Cγ_μ-Cγ_5$ type and $Cγ_μ-Cγ_ν$ type hidden bottom tetraquark states, respectively. We obtain the mass of the $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ hidden bottom tetraquark state as a byproduct, which can be compared to the experimental data in the futures. Furthermore, we study the strong decays $Z_b^\pm(10610)\toΥπ^{\pm}\, ,\,η_bρ^{\pm}$ with the three-point QCD sum rules, the decay widths also support assigning the $Z_b(10610)$ as the $Cγ_μ-Cγ_5$ type hidden bottom tetraquark state.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1312.1537, arXiv:1311.1046
Interactive Isogeometric Volume Visualization with Pixel-Accurate Geometry
Creators: name: Fuchs, Franz G.
name: Hjelmervik, Jon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.6.9.h; G.1.1.e; G.1.5; G.1.7; G.1.0.g

description: A recent development, called isogeometric analysis, provides a unified approach for design, analysis and optimization of functional products in industry. Traditional volume rendering methods for inspecting the results from the numerical simulations cannot be applied directly to isogeometric models. We present a novel approach for interactive visualization of isogeometric analysis results, ensuring correct, i.e., pixel-accurate geometry of the volume including its bounding surfaces. The entire OpenGL pipeline is used in a multi-stage algorithm leveraging techniques from surface rendering, order-independent transparency, as well as theory and numerical methods for ordinary differential equations. We showcase the efficiency of our approach on different models relevant to industry, ranging from quality inspection of the parametrization of the geometry, to stress analysis in linear elasticity, to visualization of computational fluid dynamics results.
title: Starting the recycling engine: how far back in time can we fingerprint crust in Earth’s mantle?
Creators: name: Tappe , Sebastian
name: Smart , Katie A.
name: Stern , Richard A.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The nature of the tectonic processes that shaped the early Earth remain unresolved, hampered not only by the sparse Early Archaean crustal rock record, but also by the dearth of tangible mantle samples (e.g., xenoliths and diamonds) older than 3 Ga. Investigating the Archaean mantle provides a complementary foil to the knowledge gleaned from the early Earth crust, and can be used to trace the onset of crustal recycling, but also to evaluate the secular evolution of Earth’s mantle regarding its temperature and composition including redox state. We have conducted an in-situ carbon and nitrogen isotope study of “confirmed” Archaean diamonds from the 3.0 – 2.8 Ga Witwatersrand Supergroup of the Kaapvaal craton in South Africa [1]. While the absolute formation age of the placer diamonds is unknown, nitrogen aggregation suggests diamond residence within the upper mantle for 10 - 400 Myr. Coupled with the depositional age of the Archaean basin, the Witwatersrand diamonds may have formed in the mantle as early as 3.5 Ga, before their transport via kimberlite-like magmatism to Earth’s surface during formation of the Kaapvaal craton. The d15N values of 0.5 to +2.7 ‰ determined for the Witwatersrand diamonds are higher than both the ancient and modern mantle (-5 ‰), and overlap with positive d15N values shown by >3 Ga old Kaapvaal sedimentary rocks. The diamond carbon isotope ratios (d13C of -5.7 to -3 ‰) are mantle-like, but increases in d13C values from core to rim suggest that the Witwatersrand diamonds formed from relatively oxidised fluids containing CO2 rather than CH4. It follows that oxidised CHO-fluids containing recycled crustal nitrogen were present in the upper mantle possibly prior to 3.5 Ga. This observation suggests operation of subduction-style tectonics during the inception of craton formation in the Eo- to Palaeoarchaean. It also implies that the Early Archaean upper mantle was not more reducing than at the present, in alignment with new evidence for an oxidised CO2-rich early Earth atmosphere created by mantle outgassing. [1] Smart KA, Tappe S, Stern RA, Webb SJ and Ashwal LD. 2016. Early Archaean tectonics and mantle redox recorded in Witwatersrand diamonds. Nature Geoscience, v. 9, p. 255–259.