cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of electronic interactions in collapsed and uncollapsed LaFe2As2 phases
Creators: name: Pallecchi, Ilaria
name: Stellino, Elena
name: Postorino, Paolo
name: Iyo, Akira
name: Ogino, Hiraku
name: Affronte, Marco
name: Putti, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iron-based pnictide LaFe2As2 is not superconducting as-synthesized, but it becomes such below Tc around 12 K upon annealing, as a consequence of a structural transition from a phase with collapsed tetragonal crystal structure to an uncollapsed phase. In this work, we carry out specific heat, Raman spectroscopy and normal state electric and thermoelectric transport measurements in the collapsed and uncollapsed LaFe2As2 phases to gain insight into the electron interactions and their possible role in the superconducting pairing mechanism. Despite clear features of strong electron-phonon coupling observed in both phases, neither the low energy phonon spectra nor the electron-phonon coupling show significant differences between the two phases. Conversely, the Sommerfield constants are significantly different in the two phases, pointing to much higher electron correlation in the superconducting uncollapsed phase and confirming theoretical studies.
description: In press on Physical Review B
Evidence for a constant IMF in early-type galaxies based on their X-ray binary populations
Creators: name: Peacock, Mark B.
name: Zepf, Stephen E.
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
name: Kundu, Arunav
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Lehmer, Bret D.
name: Maraston, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of recent studies have proposed that the stellar initial mass function (IMF) of early type galaxies varies systematically as a function of galaxy mass, with higher mass galaxies having bottom heavy IMFs. These bottom heavy IMFs have more low-mass stars relative to the number of high mass stars, and therefore naturally result in proportionally fewer neutron stars and black holes. In this paper, we specifically predict the variation in the number of black holes and neutron stars based on the power-law IMF variation required to reproduce the observed mass-to-light ratio trends with galaxy mass. We then test whether such variations are observed by studying the field low-mass X-ray binary populations (LMXBs) of nearby early-type galaxies. In these binaries, a neutron star or black hole accretes matter from a low-mass donor star. Their number is therefore expected to scale with the number of black holes and neutron stars present in a galaxy. We find that the number of LMXBs per K-band light is similar among the galaxies in our sample. These data therefore demonstrate the uniformity of the slope of the IMF from massive stars down to those now dominating the K-band light, and are consistent with an invariant IMF. Our results are inconsistent with an IMF which varies from a Kroupa/Chabrier like IMF for low mass galaxies to a steep power-law IMF (with slope $x$=2.8) for high mass galaxies. We discuss how these observations constrain the possible forms of the IMF variations and how future Chandra observations can enable sharper tests of the IMF.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ApJ
Additional file 1 of APOL1 genotyping via buccal mucosa cell samples to establish risk of kidney disease
Creators: name: Alladagbin, Dona Jeanne
name: da Silva, Carlos Gustavo Regis
name: Silva, Luciano Kalabric
name: dos-Santos, Washington LC
name: de Sá Oliveira, Geraldo Gileno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
DERADICALIZATION OF THE STUDENT MOVEMENT FROM TIME TO TIME
Creators: name: AZIZ ANDRIANSYAH
name: RETNO SARASWATI
name: IRMA CAHYANINGTYAS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deradicalization, Movement, Terrorism, Education, Student

description: Abstract
This research was conducted to analyze the threat of radicalism in Indonesia that can lead to terrorism. The threat of radicalism at all levels of the nation, especially for the student movement in Indonesia. This study was designed using a qualitative research type. The results showed that radicalism is a notion that wants social and political change or renewal drastically by using violent means. Students are an important part of the threat of radicalism. Therefore we need efforts that can be done by students, among others; First, strengthen the knowledge learned in college and deepen understanding of religion. Second, students must be able to sort and select information circulating in the student environment. Third, students can hold seminars with the theme "Anti-terrorism and radicalism." Fourth, open counseling to the public with a series of activities in the form of lectures, discussions, and questions and answers aimed at broadening information to the public about the negative effects of terrorism and how to prevent radicalism. And terrorism enters the environment.
Photospheric velocity evolution of SN 2020bvc: signature of $r$-process nucleosynthesis from a collapsar
Creators: name: Li, Long
name: Zhong, Shu-Qing
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether binary neutron star mergers are the only astrophysical site of rapid neutron-capture process ($r$-process) nucleosynthesis remains unknown. Collapsars associated with long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and hypernovae are promising candidates. Simulations have shown that outflows from collapsar accretion disks can produce enough $r$-process materials to explain the abundances in the universe. However, there is no observational evidence to confirm this result at present. SN 2020bvc is a broad-lined type Ic (Ic-BL) supernova (SN) possibly associated with a low-luminosity GRB. Based on semi-analytic SN emission models with and without $r$-process materials, we perform a fitting to the multi-band light curves and photospheric velocities of SN 2020bvc. We find that in a $r$-process-enriched model the mixing of $r$-process materials slows down the photospheric recession and therefore matches the velocity evolution better. The fitting results show that $r$-process materials with mass of $\approx0.36~M_\odot$ and opacity of $\approx4~\rm cm^2~g^{-1}$ is needed to mix with about half of the SN ejecta. Our fitting results are weakly dependent on the nebular emission. Future statistical analysis of a sample of type Ic-BL SNe helps us understand the contribution of collapsars to the $r$-process abundance.
description: 16 Pages, 9 Figures, 2 Tables, Accepted by ApJL
Bounding the Distance to Unsafe Sets with Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Miller, Jared
name: Sznaier, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work proposes an algorithm to bound the minimum distance between points on trajectories of a dynamical system and points on an unsafe set. Prior work on certifying safety of trajectories includes barrier and density methods, which do not provide a margin of proximity to the unsafe set in terms of distance. The distance estimation problem is relaxed to a Monge-Kantorovich type optimal transport problem based on existing occupation-measure methods of peak estimation. Specialized programs may be developed for polyhedral norm distances (e.g. L1 and Linfinity) and for scenarios where a shape is traveling along trajectories (e.g. rigid body motion). The distance estimation problem will be correlatively sparse when the distance objective is separable.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures
Ecological Agriculture and Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Change: A Practical and Holistic Strategy for Indian Smallholders
Creators: name: Bargout, Remy N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Organic farming
subject: Agriculture--Climatic factors
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sustainability
subject: Agriculture
subject: Climatic changes

description: The largest demographic in India suffering from the adverse impacts of global climate change are small farmers. India’s rural population is approximately 800 million, with the majority being households dependent on small-scale agriculture. For these smallholders, facing a common rural reality of disempowerment and limited disposable household capital, the agro-ecological results of climate volatility will have catastrophic costs. In a single growing season, even moderate climate abnormalities in temperature regime or moisture regime have shown to disrupt farm agro-ecology and diminish harvests over time. Using a precautionary principle to identify sustainable adaptation solutions, ecological farming offers the most practical and holistic traits of resilience, particularly in the areas of soil, water, and biodiversity. When acknowledging ecological agriculture as an empowering adaptation strategy for smallholders, the evident sustainability of this approach is also apparent alongside key structural dynamics limiting its adoption.
Thermometry of cold atoms in optical lattices via artificial gauge fields
Creators: name: Roscilde, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificial gauge fields are a unique way of manipulating the motional state of cold atoms. Here we propose the use of artificial gauge fields -- obtained e.g. via lattice shaking -- to perform primary noise thermometry of cold atoms in optical lattices - not requiring any form of prior calibration. The proposed thermometric scheme relies on fundamental fluctuation-dissipation relations, connecting the global response to the variation of the applied gauge field and the fluctuation of quantities related to the momentum distribution (such as the average kinetic energy or the average current). We demonstrate gauge-field thermometry for several physical situations, including free fermions and strongly interacting bosons. The proposed approach is extremely robust to quantum fluctuations - even in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition - when it relies on the thermal fluctuations of an emerging classical field, associated with the onset of Bose condensation or chiral order.
description: 5+5 pages, 3+8 figures; v2: a few errors fixed, plus an important conceptual improvement
title: National-Theater; [1848]
title: Die schlechte Auführung. 1. Act, darauf folgt Die Versöhnung. Musick: War denn je ein Mensch so frech als wie ... : Fürst von Haggern: Das ist frech ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schalck, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Flugblatt mit Karikatur auf Streitigkeiten in der Frankfurter Nationalversammlung zwischen dem Präsidenten Heinrich von Gagern und dem Abgeordneten Gustav Adolf Rösler (Quelle: Welsch)
Fulde-Ferrell pairing instability of a Rashba spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas
Creators: name: Liu, Xia-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically analyze the pairing instability of a three-dimensional ultracold atomic Fermi gas towards a Fulde-Ferrell superfluid, in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman field. We use the standard Thouless criterion for the onset of superfluidity, with which the effect of pair fluctuations is partially taken into account by approximately using a mean-field chemical potential at zero temperature. This gives rise to an improved prediction of the superfluid transition temperature beyond mean-field, particularly in the strong-coupling unitary limit. We also investigate the pairing instability with increasing Rashba spin-orbit coupling, along the crossover from a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superfluid to a Bose-Einstein condensate of Rashbons (i.e., the tightly bound state of two fermions formed by strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
EUV Debris Mitigation using Magnetic Nulls
Creators: name: Israeli, Ben Y.
name: Smiet, Christopher Berg
name: Simeni, Marien Simeni
name: Diallo, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Next generation EUV sources for photolithography use light produced by laser-produced plasmas (LPP) from ablated tin droplets. A major challenge for extending the lifetime of these devices is mitigating damage caused by deposition of tin debris on the sensitive collection mirror. Especially difficult to stop are high energy (up to 10 keV) highly charged tin ions created in the plasma. Existing solutions include the use of stopping gas, electric fields, and magnetic fields. One common configuration consists of a magnetic field perpendicular to the EUV emission direction, but such a system can result in ion populations that are trapped rather than removed. We investigate a previously unconsidered mitigation geometry consisting of a magnetic null by performing full-orbit integration of the ion trajectories in an EUV system with realistic dimensions, and optimize the coil locations for the null configuration. The magnetic null prevents a fraction of ions from hitting the mirror comparable to that of the perpendicular field, but does not trap any ions due to the chaotic nature of ion trajectories that pass close to the null. This technology can potentially improve LPP-based EUV photolithography system efficiency and lifetime, and may allow for a different, more efficient formulation of buffer gas.
Simultaneous prediction for independent Poisson processes with different durations
Creators: name: Komaki, Fumiyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Simultaneous predictive densities for independent Poisson observables are investigated. The observed data and the target variables to be predicted are independently distributed according to different Poisson distributions parametrized by the same parameter. The performance of predictive densities is evaluated by the Kullback-Leibler divergence. A class of prior distributions depending on the objective of prediction is introduced. A Bayesian predictive density based on a prior in this class dominates the Bayesian predictive density based on the Jeffreys prior.
description: 19 pages
Discerning media bias within a network of political allies and opponents: Disruption by partisans
Creators: name: Bu, Yutong
name: Melatos, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An individual's opinions about media bias derive from their own independent assessment of media outputs combined with peer pressure from networked political allies and opponents. Here we generalize previous idealized, probabilistic models of the perception formation process, based on a network of Bayesian learners inferring the bias of a coin, by introducing obdurate agents (partisans), whose opinions stay fixed. It is found that even one partisan destabilizes an allies-only network, stopping it from achieving asymptotic learning and forcing persuadable agents to vacillate indefinitely (turbulent nonconvergence) between the true coin bias $θ_0$ and the partisan's belief $θ_{\rm p}$. The dwell time $t_{\rm d}$ at the partisan's belief increases, as the partisan fraction $f$ increases, and decreases, when multiple partisans disagree amongst themselves. In opponents-only networks, asymptotic learning occurs, whether or not partisans are present. However, the counterintuitive tendency to reach wrong conclusions first, identified in previous work with zero partisans, does not persist in general for $θ_0 \neq θ_{\rm p}$ in complete networks; it is a property of sparsely connected systems (e.g.\ Barabási-Albert networks with attachment parameter $\lesssim 10$). In mixed networks containing allies and opponents, partisans drive counterintuitive outcomes, which depend sensitively, on where they reside. A strongly balanced triad exhibits intermittency with a partisan (sudden transitions between long intervals of static beliefs and turbulent nonconvergence) and asymptotic learning without a partisan.
description: 36 pages, 17 figures
Cyclic Cosmology and Geodesic Completeness
Creators: name: Kinney, William H.
name: Stein, Nina K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider recently proposed bouncing cosmological models for which the Hubble parameter is periodic in time, but the scale factor grows from one cycle to the next as a mechanism for shedding entropy. Since the scale factor for a flat universe is equivalent to an overall conformal factor, it has been argued that this growth corresponds to a physically irrelevant rescaling, and such bouncing universes can be made perfectly cyclic, extending infinitely into the past and future. We show that any bouncing universe which uses growth of the scale factor to dissipate entropy must necessarily be geodesically past-incomplete, and therefore cannot be truly cyclic in time.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (V4: Version accepted by JCAP)
Efficient reduction of vertex clustering using front tracking with surface normal propagation restriction
Creators: name: Gorges, Christian
name: Hodžić, Azur
name: Evrard, Fabien
name: van Wachem, Berend
name: Velte, Clara M.
name: Denner, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant computational expense and source of numerical errors in front tracking is the remeshing of the triangulated front, required due to distortion and compaction of the front following the Lagrangian advection of its vertices. Additionally, in classic front tracking, the remeshing of the front mesh is required not only due to the deformation of the front shape, but also because the vertices of the front are translated in the direction tangential to the front, induced by the front advection. We present the normal-only advection (NOA) front-tracking method with the aim of preventing the tangential motion of the front vertices and the associated vertex clustering, in order to reduce the number of remeshing operations required to retain a high-quality triangulated interface. To this end, we reformulate the velocity used to advect the front at each discrete front-vertex position. The proposed method is validated and tested against the classic front-tracking method, comparing volume conservation, shape preservation, computational costs, and the overall need for front remeshing, as well as experimental results for canonical interfacial flows. The presented results demonstrate that the NOA front-tracking method leads to a typical reduction of remeshing operations by 80 % or more compared to the classic front-tracking method for well-resolved cases, and results in a smoother front mesh, which is essential for an accurate representation of the geometrical properties of the front. The volume conservation error is reduced by approximately one order of magnitude with the proposed method compared to the classic front-tracking method, at a similar computational cost.
Additional file 1 of Altered basal forebrain function during whole-brain network activity at pre- and early-plaque stages of Alzheimer’s disease in TgF344-AD rats
Creators: name: van den Berg, Monica
name: Adhikari, Mohit H.
name: Verschuuren, Marlies
name: Pintelon, Isabel
name: Vasilkovska, Tamara
name: Van Audekerke, Johan
name: Missault, Stephan
name: Heymans, Loran
name: Ponsaerts, Peter
name: De Vos, Winnok H.
name: Van der Linden, Annemie
name: Keliris, Georgios A.
name: Verhoye, Marleen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Information.
Generation of entanglement via squeezing on a tripartite-optomechanical system
Creators: name: Araya-Sossa, Kevin
name: Orszag, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new strategy to regulate the quantum entanglement in a dispersive-hybrid system where a qubit is directly coupled to a cavity and a resonator. A dramatic transition takes place by only tuning the squeezing parameters associated with the vibrational mode. As the squeezing amplitude becomes larger, the maximal entanglement abruptly falls to zero at specific squeezing phases. It is also possible to generate entanglement for bipartitions from the qubit-cavity-resonator system after applying this strategy. Entangled qubit-cavity states are created through squeezing, even though there is no direct interaction between them. We also analyze the effect of atomic, optical, and vibrational losses on the quantum entanglement. Finally, we discuss future realizations to implement all these ideas and promote further studies to generalize the concept of monogamy in tripartite systems outside qubit-composite states, in particular, $(2 \otimes 2 \otimes n)$-dimensional systems.
title: Nero der Zweite; [1848]
title: Sitzung vom 2. October
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schalck, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Flugblatt mit Karikatur über Friedrich Ludwig Jahn als Despot auf einem Thron (Königl. Versorgungsanstalt), der auf die Köpfe seiner Feinde blickt (Demokatische Abgeordnete Carl Vogt und Robert Blum) (Quelle: Stadtarchiv Mainz)
A moment-matching metric for latent variable generative models
Creators: name: Beaulac, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It can be difficult to assess the quality of a fitted model when facing unsupervised learning problems. Latent variable models, such as variation autoencoders and Gaussian mixture models, are often trained with likelihood-based approaches. In scope of Goodhart's law, when a metric becomes a target it ceases to be a good metric and therefore we should not use likelihood to assess the quality of the fit of these models. The solution we propose is a new metric for model comparison or regularization that relies on moments. The concept is to study the difference between the data moments and the model moments using a matrix norm, such as the Frobenius norm. We show how to use this new metric for model comparison and then for regularization. It is common to draw samples from the fitted distribution when evaluating latent variable models and we show that our proposed metric is faster to compute and has a smaller variance that this alternative. We conclude this article with a proof of concept of both applications and we discuss future work.
Tra le carte di Muratori. Gli estratti del trattato Contra la sofistica disciplina de’ giureconsulti di Giovanni Ingegneri e il dibattito sui “difetti della giurisprudenza”
Creators: name: Bragagnolo, Manuela
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Historical jurisprudence
subject: Sixteenth century
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Europeans

description: This article aims to show Lodovico Antonio Muratori's way of working on 16th century manuscripts. By providing the edition of Muratori's own transcription of the Ambrosiana's copy of Giovanni Ingegneri's treatise on jurists, this article aims to show the importance of 16th century legal literature on Muratori's project of reformation of law.
Multiferroicity in the generic easy-plane triangular lattice antiferromagnet RbFe(MoO4)2
Creators: name: White, J. S.
name: Niedermayer, Ch.
name: Gasparovic, G.
name: Broholm, C.
name: Park, J. M. S.
name: Shapiro, A. Ya.
name: Demianets, L. A.
name: Kenzelmann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RbFe(MoO4)2 is a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) triangular lattice antiferromagnet (TLA) that displays a zero-field magnetically-driven multiferroic phase with a chiral spin structure. By inelastic neutron scattering, we determine quantitatively the spin Hamiltonian. We show that the easy-plane anisotropy is nearly 1/3 of the dominant spin exchange, making RbFe(MoO4)2 an excellent system for studying the physics of the model 2D easy-plane TLA. Our measurements demonstrate magnetic-field induced fluctuations in this material to stabilize the generic finite-field phases of the 2D XY TLA. We further explain how Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions can generate ferroelectricity only in the zero field phase. Our conclusion is that multiferroicity in RbFe(MoO4)2, and its absence at high fields, results from the generic properties of the 2D XY TLA.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted in PRB as a Rapid Communication
Predicting magic numbers of nuclei with semi-realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions
Creators: name: Nakada, H.
name: Sugiura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic numbers are predicted in wide range of the nuclear chart by the self-consistent mean-field calculations with the M3Y-P6 and P7 semi-realistic $NN$ interactions. The magic numbers are identified by vanishing pair correlations in the spherical Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov regime. We also identify submagic numbers when energy gain due to the pairing is sufficiently small. It is found that the results with M3Y-P6 well correspond to the known data, apart from a few exceptions. For some of the magic or submagic numbers the prediction differs from that with the Gogny-D1S or D1M interaction. Roles of the tensor force and the spin-isospin channel originating from the one-pion exchange potential are investigated in the $Z$- or $N$-dependence of the shell gap.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in PTEP
Self-consistent dynamical models with a finite extent -- III. Truncated power-law spheres
Creators: name: Baes, Maarten
name: Meulen, Bert Vander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully analytical dynamical models usually have an infinite extent, while real star clusters, galaxies, and dark matter haloes have a finite extent. The standard method for generating dynamical models with a finite extent consists of taking a model with an infinite extent and applying a truncation in binding energy. This method, however, cannot be used to generate models with a pre-set analytical mass density profile. We investigate the self-consistency and dynamical properties of a family of power-law spheres with a general tangential Cuddeford (TC) orbital structure. By varying the density power-law slope $γ$ and the central anisotropy $β_0$, these models cover a wide parameter space in density and anisotropy profiles. We explicitly calculate the phase-space distribution function for various parameter combinations, and interpret our results in terms of the energy distribution of bound orbits. We find that truncated power-law spheres can be supported by a TC orbital structure if and only if $γ\geqslant 2β_0$, which means that the central density slope-anisotropy inequality is both a sufficient and a necessary condition for this family. We provide closed expressions for structural and dynamical properties such as the radial and tangential velocity dispersion profiles, which can be compared against more complex numerical modelling results. This work significantly adds to the available suite of self-consistent dynamical models with a finite extent and an analytical description.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Anaesthetic practices at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital in Northern Uganda, who does what and where? A retrospective study
Creators: name: Kutschke, N.
name: Lampe, J.
name: Hoepfner, O.
name: Kitara, D. L.
name: Schuster, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 8 of Getting used to it? Stress of repeated management procedures in semi-domesticated reindeer
Creators: name: Vetter-Lang, Sebastian G.
name: Huber, Nikolaus
name: Loe, Leif Egil
name: Evans, Alina L.
name: Kumpula, Jouko
name: Thorsby, Per Medbøe
name: Ropstad, Erik
name: Trondrud, L. Monica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 8: Additional Table A1: For all stress indices analysed three tables are shown: (i) the model selection table including all models within a ΔAICc ≤ 2 plus the null-model only containing the intercept (left column), (ii) estimates and their 95%-confidence intervals (CI) from the best model as well as its marginal (without random effects) and conditional (including random effects) R²-values as an indicator for the amount of variance explained (middle column; variables were the 95%-CI did not include zero were highlighted in green and bold; main effects were not highlighted when the 95%-CI of the interaction with season showed did not include zero), and (iii) the estimates and their 95%-confidence intervals from the best model but without common intercept (right column). The latter was done to identify seasonal slopes of those variables, which showed a significant interaction with season. Seasonal slopes for which the 95%-CI did not include zero were highlighted in green and bold; main effects already highlighted in the model with common intercept (middle column) were not highlighted again. In model selection tables (left column) names of independent variables were number coded for reasons of clarity. The legend with the number codes can be found at the very bottom.
A Nobel Defence Scheme Against Selfish Node Attack in MANET
Creators: name: Soni, Gaurav
name: Chandravanshi, Kamlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Security is one of the major issue in wired and wireless network but due to the presence of centralized administration not difficult to find out misbehavior in network other than in Mobile Ad hoc Network due to the absence of centralized management and frequently changes in topology security is one of a major issue in MANET. Only prevention methods for attack are not enough. In this paper a new Intrusion Detection System (IDS) algorithm has proposed against selfish node attack to secure MANET. Here the behavior of selfish node is unnecessary flooding the information in network and block all types of packets transferring between the reliable nodes. Proposed IDS Algorithm identifies the behavior of selfish node and also blocked their misbehavior activities. In case of selfish node attack network performance is almost negligible but after applying IDS on attack network performance is enhanced up to 92% and provides 0% Infection rate from attack.
description: 5 tables, 4 figures, 13 references
title: Die Auferstehung; [1848]
title: (am 16ten September) : Im Namen der 21 Stimmen erlöse ich euch!
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Maurer, L.
name: Stern, S.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: No. XXIII
Probing the critical exponent of superfluid fraction in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
Creators: name: Hu, Hui
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the critical behavior of second sound mode in a harmonically trapped ultracold atomic Fermi gas with resonant interactions. Near the superfluid phase transition with critical temperature $T_{c}$, the frequency or the sound velocity of second sound mode depends crucially on the critical exponent $β$ of superfluid fraction. In an isotropic harmonic trap, we predict that the mode frequency diverges like $(1-T/T_{c})^{β-1/2}$ when $β<1/2$. In a highly elongated trap, the speed of second sound reduces by a factor $1/\sqrt{2β+1}$ from that in a homogeneous three-dimensional superfluid. Our prediction could be readily tested by measurements of second sound wave propagation in a setup such as that exploited by Sidorenkov \textit{et al.} {[}Nature \textbf{498}, 78 (2013){]} for resonantly interacting lithium-6 atoms, once the experimental precision is improved.
description: 5 pages,5 figures
Calcium decreases cell wall swelling in sweet cherry fruit
Creators: name: Schumann, Christine
name: Winkler, Andreas
name: Knoche, Moritz
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Calcium
subject: Calcium Chloride
subject: Calcium, Dietary
subject: Cations, Divalent
subject: Cations, Monovalent
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Swelling of epidermal cell walls decreases cell-to-cell adhesion and increases cracking susceptibility in sweet cherry. Ca is suggested to decrease cracking susceptibility by crosslinking of cell wall components and, possibly, by decreasing swelling. The objective is to test this hypothesis. The effect of Ca on swelling of anticlinal epidermal cell walls was quantified microscopically in vivo using excised skin sections and in vitro using extracted cell walls. After removal of turgor, cell wall thickness increased. Incubation in CaCl2 decreased cell wall thickness up to 3 mM CaCl2. At higher concentrations thickness remained constant. Decreased cell wall swelling in vivo also occurred with other salts of divalent and trivalent cations, but not with those of monovalent cations. Decreased swelling was due to the Ca cation, the anions had no effect. Ca also decreased swelling of cell walls that were already swollen. CaCl2 also decreased swelling of extracted cell walls in vitro. There was no effect on swelling pressure. The effect on swelling increased as the CaCl2 concentration increased. Chlorides of divalent and trivalent cations, but not those of monovalent cations decreased swelling in vitro. The decrease in swelling among the divalent cations was linearly related to the radius of the cation. The results indicate that Ca decreases cracking susceptibility by decreasing swelling.
Mapping gravity in stellar nurseries -- establishing the effectiveness of 2D acceleration maps
Creators: name: He, Zhen-Zhen
name: Li, Guang-Xing
name: Burkert, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity is the driving force of star formation. Although gravity is caused by the presence of matter, its role in complex regions is still unsettled. One effective way to study the pattern of gravity is to compute the accretion it exerts on the gas by providing gravitational acceleration maps. A practical way to study acceleration is by computing it using 2D surface density maps, yet whether these maps are accurate remains uncertain. Using numerical simulations, we confirm that the accuracy of the acceleration maps $\mathbf a_{\rm 2D}(x,y)$ computed from 2D surface density are good representations for the mean acceleration weighted by mass. Due to the under-estimations of the distances from projected maps, the magnitudes of accelerations will be over-estimated $|\mathbf a_{\rm 2D}(x,y)| \approx 2.3 \pm 1.8 \; |\mathbf a_{\rm 3D}^{\rm proj}(x,y)|$, where $\mathbf a_{\rm 3D}^{\rm proj}(x,y)$ is mass-weighted projected gravitational acceleration, yet $\mathbf a_{\rm 2D}(x,y)$ and $ \mathbf a_{\rm 3D}^{\rm proj}(x,y)$ stay aligned within 20$^{\circ}$. Significant deviations only occur in regions where multiple structures are present along the line of sight. The acceleration maps estimated from surface density provide good descriptions of the projection of 3D acceleration fields. We expect this technique useful in establishing the link between cloud morphology and star formation, and in understanding the link between gravity and other processes such as the magnetic field. A version of the code for calculating surface density gravitational potential is available at \url{https://github.com/zhenzhen-research/phi_2d}.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Comparison of emergency surgical cricothyroidotomy and percutaneous cricothyroidotomy by experienced airway providers in an obese, in vivo porcine hemorrhage airway model
Creators: name: Karlsson, Tomas
name: Brännström, Andreas
name: Gellerfors, Mikael
name: Gustavsson, Jenny
name: Günther, Mattias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: The ARRIVE guidelines.
Environmental Challenges Facing a Growing City: Sunyani Case Study
Creators: name: Anane, Edward Twum
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Community development, Urban
Sustainable urban development
Sustainable development--Social aspects
Population
Urbanization
Cities and towns--Growth
Sustainability
City planning

description: This photo essay illustrates the environmental challenges facing a rapidly growing urban settlement in Ghana. Sunyani is one of the fastest growing cities in Ghana. The population of the city increased from 38,634 in March 1984 to 61,992 in March 2000 (Ghana Statistical Service, 2002). This trend presents serious development challenges to the city as high rates of population growth are not matched with increased provision of social services and infrastructure. The city authorities will have to adopt appropriate urban planning strategies if the city is to develop sustainably.
Monopole Operators and Bulk-Boundary Relation in Holomorphic Topological Theories
Creators: name: Zeng, Keyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the holomorphic twist of 3d N = 2 supersymmetric field theories, discuss the perturbative bulk local operators in general, and explicitly construct non perturbative bulk local operators for abelian gauge theories. Our construction is verified by matching the character of the algebra with the superconformal index. We test a conjectural relation between the derived center of boundary algebras and bulk algebras in various cases, including Landau-Ginzburg models with an arbitrary superpotential and some abelian gauge theories. In the latter cases, monopole operators appear in the derived center of a perturbative boundary algebra. We briefly discuss the higher structures in both boundary and bulk algebras.
description: 65 pages. Comments are welcome
Additional file 9 of Getting used to it? Stress of repeated management procedures in semi-domesticated reindeer
Creators: name: Vetter-Lang, Sebastian G.
name: Huber, Nikolaus
name: Loe, Leif Egil
name: Evans, Alina L.
name: Kumpula, Jouko
name: Thorsby, Per Medbøe
name: Ropstad, Erik
name: Trondrud, L. Monica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 9: Additional table A2: For all stress indices the summary outputs of the summer models are shown, which have been generated to analyse the effects of reproductive status in summer and were based on effects identified for summer in the cross-seasonal models (additional Table A1). Results showing the potential effects of reproductive status were printed black whereas results from independent variables, which were included to correct for their effect in summer identified in the cross-seasonal model, were printed in grey. Significant p-values of seasonal independent variables were highlighted in green and bold; trends of seasonal independent variables were highlighted in green and italics.
Mixing in Magnetized Turbulent Media
Creators: name: Sur, Sharanya
name: Pan, Liubin
name: Scannapieco, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent motions are essential to the mixing of entrained fluids and are also capable of amplifying weak initial magnetic fields by small-scale dynamo action. Here we perform a systematic study of turbulent mixing in magnetized media, using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations that include a scalar concentration field. We focus on how mixing depends on the magnetic Prandtl number, Pm, from 1 to 4 and the Mach number, M}, from 0.3 to 2.4. For all subsonic flows, we find that the velocity power spectrum has a k^-5/3 slope in the early, kinematic phase, but steepens due to magnetic back reactions as the field saturates. The scalar power spectrum, on the other hand, flattens compared to k^-5/3 at late times, consistent with the Obukohov-Corrsin picture of mixing as a cascade process. At higher Mach numbers, the velocity power spectrum also steepens due to the presence of shocks, and the scalar power spectrum again flattens accordingly. Scalar structures are more intermittent than velocity structures in subsonic turbulence while for supersonic turbulence, velocity structures appear more intermittent than the scalars only in the kinematic phase. Independent of the Mach number of the flow, scalar structures are arranged in sheets in both the kinematic and saturated phases of the magnetic field evolution. For subsonic turbulence, scalar dissipation is hindered in the strong magnetic field regions, probably due to Lorentz forces suppressing the buildup of scalar gradients, while for supersonic turbulence, scalar dissipation increases monotonically with increasing magnetic field strength. At all Mach numbers, mixing is significantly slowed by the presence of dynamically-important small-scale magnetic fields, implying that mixing in the interstellar medium and in galaxy clusters is less efficient than modeled in hydrodynamic simulations.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, ApJ, in press
Additional file 2 of Comparison of emergency surgical cricothyroidotomy and percutaneous cricothyroidotomy by experienced airway providers in an obese, in vivo porcine hemorrhage airway model
Creators: name: Karlsson, Tomas
name: Brännström, Andreas
name: Gellerfors, Mikael
name: Gustavsson, Jenny
name: Günther, Mattias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. eFONA and surgical airway experience of participating anesthesiologists.
A systematic study of the connection between white dwarf period spectra and model structure
Creators: name: Bischoff-Kim, Agnes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, pulsational variability has been measured from nearly 70 DBVs and 500 DAVs, with only a fraction of these having been the subjects of asteroseismic analysis. One way to approach white dwarf asteroseismology is forward modeling, where one assumes an interior structure and calculates the model's periods. Many such models are calculated, in the search for the one that best matches an observed period spectrum. It is not computationaly manageable, nor necessary, to vary every possible parameter for every object. We engage in a systematic study, based on a sample of 14 hydrogen atmosphere white dwarfs, chosen to be representative of the types of pulsation spectra we encounter in white dwarf asteroseismology. These white dwarfs are modeled with carbon and oxygen cores . Our goal is to draw a connection between the period spectra and what parameters they are most sensitive to. We find that the presence of longer period modes generally muddies the mass and effective temperature determinations, unless continuous sequences of l = 1 and l = 2 modes are present. All period spectra are sensitive to structure in the helium and hydrogen envelope and most to at least some fatures of the oxygen abundance profile. Such sensitivity can be achieved either by the presence of specific low radial overtone modes, or by the presence of longer period modes. Convective efficiency only matters when fitting periods greater than 800 s. The results of this study can be used to inform parameter selection and pave the way to pipeline asteroseismic fitting of white dwarfs.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. In press at the ApJ
Additional file 3 of Anaesthetic practices at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital in Northern Uganda, who does what and where? A retrospective study
Creators: name: Kutschke, N.
name: Lampe, J.
name: Hoepfner, O.
name: Kitara, D. L.
name: Schuster, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 3.