cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neural networks for open and closed Literature-based Discovery
Creators: name: Crichton, Gamal
name: Baker, Simon
name: Guo, Yufan
name: Korhonen, Anna
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Medicine and health sciences

description: Funder: Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003343
description: Funder: St. Edmund’s College, University of Cambridge; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005705
description: Literature-based Discovery (LBD) aims to discover new knowledge automatically from large collections of literature. Scientific literature is growing at an exponential rate, making it difficult for researchers to stay current in their discipline and easy to miss knowledge necessary to advance their research. LBD can facilitate hypothesis testing and generation and thus accelerate scientific progress. Neural networks have demonstrated improved performance on LBD-related tasks but are yet to be applied to it. We propose four graph-based, neural network methods to perform open and closed LBD. We compared our methods with those used by the state-of-the-art LION LBD system on the same evaluations to replicate recently published findings in cancer biology. We also applied them to a time-sliced dataset of human-curated peer-reviewed biological interactions. These evaluations and the metrics they employ represent performance on real-world knowledge advances and are thus robust indicators of approach efficacy. In the first experiments, our best methods performed 2-4 times better than the baselines in closed discovery and 2-3 times better in open discovery. In the second, our best methods performed almost 2 times better than the baselines in open discovery. These results are strong indications that neural LBD is potentially a very effective approach for generating new scientific discoveries from existing literature. The code for our models and other information can be found at: https://github.com/cambridgeltl/nn_for_LBD.
Japanagallia javana C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia javana

description: Japanagallia javana sp. nov.
Figs 413–417.
 Male (color). Two spots on vertex, median stripe, spot on lateral margin of ocelli, area of face limited basally by inverted V across antennal cavity, black. Margin of gena, short, transverse band on gena dorsad of lorum, upper part of face including vertex, yellowish brown. Ocelli red. In holotype male two spots on vertex and median stripe meet basally resulting in short black band. Pronotum black excepting lateral and caudal yellowish brown margins. Scutellum black except caudolateral yellowish brown margins. Forewings, thoracic pleura, legs and abdomen fuscous, claval veins and claval suture ochraceous. In two males venation is ochraceous, in other four, veins concolorous with cells. Subgenital plates ochraceous.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer lobe apparently caudally truncate, dorsally pointed, with mesal short triangular process (Fig. 414). Connective longer than broad, lacks dark pigmentation. Aedeagal shaft and preatrium together forming U; shaft erect, caudodorsally directed, with pair of anteroventrally directed short apical processes, ventral process about as long as shaft and as in Fig.417, dorsal apodeme well developed, gonopore large, apical.
 Female (color). Paler than male, ochraceous. Two somewhat rounded spots on vertex, frontoclypeus, clypellus ventrad of inverted V across antennal ledges below eyes, antennal cavities black, very narrow median stripe on vertex and face between ocelli, spot on lateral margins of each ocellus, fuscous. Ocelli red. Black markings on pronotum and scutellum variable. Scutellum brown with two triangles at basal angles and median stripe (some times absent), fuscous. Forewings lighter in color, cells vary in color from brown to fuscous, venation ochraceous. Pronotal pleura and abdominal sterna infuscated.
 Female genitalia. Seventh sternite about half as long as broad, caudal margin slightly sinuate.
 Measurements. Male 5.04 (4.70–5.34) mm long, 1.47 (1.42–1.50) mm wide across eyes. Female 5.46 (5.05– 5.80) mm long, 1.67 (1.59–1.73) mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. INDONESIA: HOLOTYPE ♂, Java: Tjibodas: Mt. Gede, 5000ft (1517 m), Bryant and Palmer (NMNH). PARATYPES: INDONESIA: Java: 1 ♂, samedata as holotype (NMNH); 1 ♂, Pongrangyo Mt., 9800ft (3173 m), Bryant and Palmer (NMNH); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, Tjibodas, 4000–7000ft (1213–2113 m), xii.1908, Terry (BPBM).
 Remarks. J. javana resembles closely J. curvata sp. nov. from which it can be readily distinguished by the structure of aedegus and pygofer.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 84-85
title: Axial-Vector Currents and Chiral Symmetry
Creators: name: Sauerwein, Ulrich
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: In this work we consider the axial-vector form factors of the nucleon in flavor-SU(2) and of the baryon octet in flavor-SU(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory. We include the Δ-isobar and the baryon decuplet as explicit degrees of freedom and focus on their consistent treatment in terms of chiral power counting. We employ the use of on-shell meson and baryon masses in the one-loop contributions to the axial-vector form factors. The convergence properties of such an approach are scrutinized. Our results are compared to the available flavor-SU(2) QCD lattice data.
Local threshold field for dendritic instability in superconducting MgB2 films
Creators: name: Barkov, F. L.
name: Shantsev, D. V.
name: Johansen, T. H.
name: Goa, P. E.
name: Kang, W. N.
name: Kim, H. J.
name: Choi, E. M.
name: Lee, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using magneto-optical imaging the phenomenon of dendritic flux penetration in superconducting films was studied. Flux dendrites were abruptly formed in a 300 nm thick film of MgB2 by applying a perpendicular magnetic field. Detailed measurements of flux density distributions show that there exists a local threshold field controlling the nucleation and termination of the dendritic growth. At 4 K the local threshold field is close to 12 mT in this sample, where the critical current density is 10^7 A/cm^2. The dendritic instability in thin films is believed to be of thermo-magnetic origin, but the existence of a local threshold field, and its small value are features that distinctly contrast the thermo-magnetic instability (flux jumps) in bulk superconductors.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
MOESM5 of A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFÎ˛ signaling in the mammary gland
Creators: name: Kohn, Ethan
name: Zhijun Du
name: Sato, Misako
name: Schyndle, Catherine Van
name: Welsh, Michael
name: Yu-An Yang
name: Stuelten, Christina
name: Binwu Tang
name: Wenjun Ju
name: Bottinger, Erwin
name: Lalage Wakefield
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 5
On self-similar axion-dilaton configurations
Creators: name: Antonelli, Riccardo
name: Hatefi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore self-similar collapse solutions to the Einstein-axion-dilaton system in arbitrary spacetime dimensions, which are invariant under spacetime dilation combined with internal $SL(2,R)$ transformations. We set up a numerical formalism, and test it in four and five dimensions, discovering several new families of solutions in the three conjugacy classes of $SL(2,R)$.
description: V3: 30 pages, 10 figures and published version in JHEP
Origin for the enhanced copper spin echo decay rate in the pseudogap regime of the multilayer high-T_c cuprates
Creators: name: Goto, Atsushi
name: Clark, W. G.
name: Vonlanthen, Patrik
name: Tanaka, Kenji B.
name: Shimizu, Tadashi
name: Hashi, Kenjiro
name: Sastry, P. V. P. S. S.
name: Schwartz, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the anisotropy of the spin echo decay for the inner layer Cu site of the triple layer cuprate, Hg_0.8Re_0.2Ba_2Ca_2Cu_3O_8 (T_c=126 K) in the pseudogap T regime below T_pg ~ 170 K and the corresponding analysis for their interpretation. As the field alignment is varied, the shape of the decay curve changes from Gaussian (H_0 \parallel c) to single exponential (H_0 \perp c). The latter characterizes the decay caused by the fluctuations of adjacent Cu nuclear spins caused by their interactions with electron spins. The angular dependence of the second moment (T_{2M}^{-2} \equiv ) deduced from the decay curves indicates that T_{2M}^{-2} for H_0 \parallel c, which is identical to T_{2G}^{-2} (T_{2G} is the Gaussian component), is substantially enhanced, as seen in the pseudogap regime of the bilayer systems. Comparison of T_{2M}^{-2} between H_0 \parallel c and H_0 \perp c indicates that this enhancement is caused by electron spin correlations between the inner and the outer CuO_2 layers. These results provide the answer to the long-standing controversy regarding the opposite T dependences of (T_1T)^{-1} and T_{2G}^{-2} in the pseudogap regime of bi- and trilayer systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Dissociating self-generated volition from externally-generated motivation
Creators: name: Morris, Laurel S.
name: Norbury, Agnes
name: Smith, Derek A.
name: Harrison, Neil A.
name: Voon, Valerie
name: Murrough, James W.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Insight into motivational processes may be gained by examining measures of willingness to exert effort for rewards, which have been linked to neuropsychiatric symptoms of anhedonia and apathy. However, while much work has focused on the development of models of motivation based on classic tasks of externally-generated levels of effort for reward, there has been less focus on the question of self-generated motivation or volition. We developed a task that aims to capture separate measures of self-generated and externally-generated motivation, with two task variants for physical and cognitive effort, and sought to test and validate this measure in two populations of healthy volunteers (N = 27 and N = 28). Similar to previous reports, a sigmoid function represented a better overall fit to the effort-reward data than a linear or Weibull model. Individual sigmoid function shapes were governed by two free parameters: bias (the amount of reward needed for effort initiation) and reward insensitivity (the amount of increase in reward needed to accelerate effort expenditure). For both physical and cognitive effort, bias was higher in the self-generated condition, indicating reduced self-generated volitional effort initiation, compared to externally-generated effort initiation, across effort domains. Bias against initial effort initiation in the self-generated condition was related to a specific dimensional measure of anticipatory anhedonia. For physical effort only, reward insensitivity was also higher in the self-generated condition compared to the externally-generated motivation condition, indicating lower self-generated effort acceleration. This work provides a novel objective measure of self-generated motivation that may provide insights into mechanisms of anhedonia and related symptoms.
A survey of Ly$α$ emission around Damped Ly$α$ absorbers at $z \approx 2$ with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager
Creators: name: Oyarzun, Grecco A.
name: Rafelski, Marc
name: Kanekar, Nissim
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Neeleman, Marcel
name: Jorgenson, Regina A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) Ly$α$ integral field spectroscopy of the fields surrounding 14 Damped Ly$α$ absorbers (DLAs) at $z \approx 2$. Of these 14 DLAs, 9 have high metallicities ([M/H]$~> -0.3$), and 4 of those 9 feature a CO-emitting galaxy at an impact parameter $\lesssim 30$ kpc. Our search reaches median Ly$α$ line flux sensitivities of $\sim 2 \times 10^{-17}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ over apertures of $\sim6$ kpc and out to impact parameters of $\sim50$ kpc. We recover the Ly$α$ flux of three known Ly$α$-emitting H I-selected galaxies in our sample. In addition, we find two Ly$α$ emitters at impact parameters of $\approx 50-70$ kpc from the high metallicity DLA at $z \approx 1.96$ toward QSO B0551-366. This field also contains a massive CO-emitting galaxy at an impact parameter of $\approx 15$ kpc. Apart from the field with QSO B0551-366, we do not detect significant Ly$α$ emission in any of the remaining 8 high-metallicity DLA fields. Considering the depth of our observations and our ability to recover previously known Ly$α$ emitters, we conclude that H I-selected galaxies associated with high-metallicity DLAs at $z \approx 2$ are dusty, and therefore might feature low Ly$α$ escape fractions. Our results indicate that complementary approaches -- using Ly$α$, CO, H$α$, and [C II] 158$μ$m emission -- are necessary to identify the wide range of galaxy types associated with $z \approx 2$ DLAs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 17 pages and 9 figures. Second version with corrections prior to publication
MOESM3 of A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFÎ˛ signaling in the mammary gland
Creators: name: Kohn, Ethan
name: Zhijun Du
name: Sato, Misako
name: Schyndle, Catherine Van
name: Welsh, Michael
name: Yu-An Yang
name: Stuelten, Christina
name: Binwu Tang
name: Wenjun Ju
name: Bottinger, Erwin
name: Lalage Wakefield
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 3
Greater lifestyle engagement is associated with better age-adjusted cognitive abilities
Creators: name: Borgeest, G. Sophia
name: Henson, Richard N.
name: Shafto, Meredith
name: Samu, David
name: Cam-CAN
name: Kievit, Rogier A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences

description: Previous evidence suggests that modifiable lifestyle factors, such as engagement in leisure activities, might slow the age-related decline of cognitive functions. Less is known, however, about which aspects of lifestyle might be particularly beneficial to healthy cognitive ageing, and whether they are associated with distinct cognitive domains (e.g. fluid and crystallized abilities) differentially. We investigated these questions in the cross-sectional Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) data (N = 708, age 18–88), using data-driven exploratory structural equation modelling, confirmatory factor analyses, and age-residualized measures of cognitive differences across the lifespan. Specifically, we assessed the relative associations of the following five lifestyle factors on age-related differences of fluid and crystallized age-adjusted abilities: education/SES, physical health, mental health, social engagement, and intellectual engagement. We found that higher education, better physical and mental health, more social engagement and a greater degree of intellectual engagement were each individually correlated with better fluid and crystallized cognitive age-adjusted abilities. A joint path model of all lifestyle factors on crystallized and fluid abilities, which allowed a simultaneous assessment of the lifestyle domains, showed that physical health, social and intellectual engagement and education/SES explained unique, complementary variance, but mental health did not make significant contributions above and beyond the other four lifestyle factors and age. The total variance explained for fluid abilities was 14% and 16% for crystallized abilities. Our results are compatible with the hypothesis that intellectually and physically challenging as well as socially engaging activities are associated with better crystallized and fluid performance across the lifespan.
The necessity of probiotics as an alternative to chemical preservatives to preserve food products
Creators: name: Rizwan, Abu Ansar Md.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Preservatives are in particular useful to grow the shelf-existence of food employing spoilage prevention. However, most kinds of preservatives used these days are artificial as opposed to natural. Most of the preservatives are toxic and can be the reason of life risk. According to different findings, artificial preservatives ought to purpose critical fitness risks consisting of hypersensitivity, bronchial asthma, hypersensitivity, neurological damage, and most cancers. This study is intended to correlate the useful results of unique probiotics via replacing pretty dangerous chemical preservatives on the production of numerous meals merchandise and formulating enormously higher upkeep practices in the food enterprise, primarily by observing the outcomes of the test. Probiotic bacteria have emerged as very popular inside the ultimate too many years because of their scientific blessings to human fitness. As a result, they were carried out in diverse food products within the food enterprise, confirming the fine keeping first-rate of those products and making sure proper health.
Japanagallia lamellata Zhang
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia lamellata

description: Japanagallia lamellata Zhang
 Japanagallia lamellata Zhang, 2010: 56, figs 3–4, 14–21. HOLOTYPE ♂, CHINA [IMNU, not examined].
 Remarks. No material of this speices was examined. Zhang (2010) has adequately described and illustraed the species. It has aedeagus similar to that in J. curvata sp. nov. and J.yoshimotoi sp. nov. (see below), but differs in lacking subapical lamellate processes present in J. curvata and apical processes on aedeagal shaft present in J. yoshimotoi. The connective in J. lamellata is much longer than broad where as it is about as long as broad in the other two sepices.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 85
Nuclear energy density functional from chiral pion-nucleon dynamics
Creators: name: Kaiser, N.
name: Fritsch, S.
name: Weise, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the nuclear energy density functional relevant for N=Z even-even nuclei in the systematic framework of chiral perturbation theory. The calculation includes the one-pion exchange Fock diagram and the iterated one-pion exchange Hartree and Fock diagrams. From these few leading order contributions in the small momentum expansion one obtains already a very good equation of state of isospin symmetric nuclear matter. We find that in the region below nuclear matter saturation density the effective nucleon mass $\widetilde M^*(ρ)$ deviates by at most 15% from its free space value $M$, with $0.89MM$ for higher densities. The parameterfree strength of the $(\vec\nabla ρ)^2$-term, $F_\nabla(k_f)$, is at saturation density comparable to that of phenomenological Skyrme forces. The magnitude of $F_J(k_f)$ accompanying the squared spin-orbit density $\vec J ^2$ comes out somewhat larger. The strength of the nuclear spin-orbit interaction, $F_{so}(k_f)$, as given by iterated one-pion exchange is about half as large as the corresponding empirical value, however, with the wrong negative sign. The novel density dependencies of $\widetilde M^*(ρ)$ and $F_{\nabla,so,J}(k_f)$ as predicted by our parameterfree calculation should be examined in nuclear structure calculations (after introducing an additional short range spin-orbit contribution constant in density).
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Hidden-charm and hidden-bottom molecular pentaquarks in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Meng, Lu
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The newly observed $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ at the LHCb experiment are very close to the $Σ_c\bar{D}$ and $Σ_c\bar{D}^\ast$ thresholds. In this work, we perform a systematic study and give a complete picture on the interactions between $Σ_c^{(\ast)}$ and $\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ systems in the framework of heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory, where the short-range contact interaction, long-range one-pion-exchange contribution, and intermediate-range two-pion-exchange loop diagrams are all considered. We first investigate the three $P_c$ states without and with considering the $Λ_c$ contribution in the loop diagrams. It is difficult to simultaneously reproduce the three $P_c$s unless the effect of $Λ_c$ is included. The coupling between $Σ_c^{(\ast)}\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ and $Λ_c\bar{D}^{(\ast)}$ channels is crucial for the formation of these $P_c$s. Our calculation supports the $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ to be the $S$-wave hidden-charm $[Σ_c\bar{D}]_{J=1/2}^{I=1/2}$, $[Σ_c\bar{D}^\ast]_{J=1/2}^{I=1/2}$ and $[Σ_c\bar{D}^\ast]_{J=3/2}^{I=1/2}$ molecular pentaquarks, respectively. Our calculation disfavors the spin assignment $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^-$ for $P_c(4457)$ and $J^P=\frac{3}{2}^-$ for $P_c(4440)$, because the excessively enhanced spin-spin interaction is unreasonable in the present case. We obtain the complete mass spectra of the $[Σ_c^{(\ast)}\bar{D}^{(\ast)}]_J$ systems with the fixed low energy constants. Our result indicates the existence of $[Σ_c^{\ast}\bar{D}^{\ast}]_J~(J=\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2},\frac{5}{2})$ hadronic molecules. The previously reported $P_c(4380)$ might be a deeper bound one. Additionally, we also study the hidden-bottom $Σ_b^{(\ast)}B^{(\ast)}$ systems, and predict seven bound molecular states, which could serve as a guidance for future experiments....
description: 42 pages, 15 figures, and 4 tables
The natverse, a versatile toolbox for combining and analysing neuroanatomical data
Creators: name: Bates, Alexander Shakeel
name: Manton, James D
name: Jagannathan, Sridhar R
name: Costa, Marta
name: Schlegel, Philipp
name: Rohlfing, Torsten
name: Jefferis, Gregory SXE
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Tools and Resources
Computational and Systems Biology
Neuroscience
neuroanatomy
neural circuits
connectomics
analysis software
open-source
neuronal morphology
D. melanogaster
Mouse
Zebrafish

description: Funder: Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001645
description: Funder: Herchel Smith Fund
description: Funder: Fitzwilliam College, Univeristy of Cambridge
description: To analyse neuron data at scale, neuroscientists expend substantial effort reading documentation, installing dependencies and moving between analysis and visualisation environments. To facilitate this, we have developed a suite of interoperable open-source R packages called the natverse. The natverse allows users to read local and remote data, perform popular analyses including visualisation and clustering and graph-theoretic analysis of neuronal branching. Unlike most tools, the natverse enables comparison across many neurons of morphology and connectivity after imaging or co-registration within a common template space. The natverse also enables transformations between different template spaces and imaging modalities. We demonstrate tools that integrate the vast majority of Drosophila neuroanatomical light microscopy and electron microscopy connectomic datasets. The natverse is an easy-to-use environment for neuroscientists to solve complex, large-scale analysis challenges as well as an open platform to create new code and packages to share with the community.
Japanagallia longa Cai & He
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia longa

description: Japanagallia longa Cai & He
 Japanagallia longa Cai and He in Cai et al., 2001: 200–201, figs 62–70. HOLOTYPE, CHINA [not examined].
 Remarks. No material of this species was examined. Judging from the illustrations provided by Cai & He (2001), it can be distinguished by the paired subapical processes and more or less laterally compressed aedeagal shaft. It closely resembles J. longipenis sp. nov. (see below) but differs in having a more slender caudal prolongation of the pygofer and aedeagal processes asymmetrical, one of them is unpaired and lamellate.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 85
The Radio Luminosity Function of Cluster Radio Halos
Creators: name: Ensslin, Torsten A.
name: Roettgering, Huub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant fraction of galaxy clusters exhibits cluster wide radio halos. We give a simple prediction of the local and higher redshift radio halo luminosity function (RHLF) on the basis of (i) an observed and a theoretical X-ray cluster luminosity function (XCLF) (ii) the observed radio--X-ray luminosity correlation (RXLC) of galaxy clusters with radio halos (iii) an assumed fraction of 1/3 galaxy clusters to have radio halos as supported by observations. We then find 300-700 radio halos with S_1.4GHz > 1 mJy, and 10^5 - 10^6 radio halos with S_1.4GHz > 1 muJy should be visible on the sky. 14% of the S_1.4GHz > 1 mJy and 56% of the S_1.4GHz > 1 muJy halos are located at z>0.3. Subsequently, we give more realistic predictions taking into account (iv) a refined estimate of the radio halo fraction as a function of redshift and cluster mass, and (v) a decrease in intrinsic radio halo luminosity with redshift due to increased inverse Compton electron energy losses on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). We find that this reduces the radio halo counts from the simple prediction by only 30 % totally, but the high redshift (z>0.3) counts are more strongly reduced by 50-70%. These calculations show that the new generation of sensitive radio telescopes like LOFAR, ATA, EVLA, SKA and the already operating GMRT should be able to detect large numbers of radio halos and will provide unique information for studies of galaxy cluster merger rates and associated non-thermal processes.
description: Accepted by A&A, 8 pages, 7 figures
Short-range Magnetic interactions in the Spin-Ice compound Ho$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$
Creators: name: Cornelius, A. L.
name: Gardner, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization and susceptibility studies on single crystals of the pyrochlore Ho$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ are reported for the first time. Magnetization isotherms are shown to be qualitatively similar to that predicted by the nearest neighbor spin-ice model. Below the lock-in temperature, $T^{\ast }\simeq 1.97$ K, magnetization is consistent with the locking of spins along [111] directions in a specific two-spins-in, two-spins-out arrangement. Below $T^{\ast}$ the magnetization for $B||[111]$ displays a two step behavior signalling the breaking of the ice rules.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Japanagallia longipenis C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia longipenis

description: Japanagallia longipenis sp. nov.
Figs 418–422.
 Color. Coloration similar to that in J. asymmetrica however, pronotum with two discal spots of varying size, ochraceous.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer caudoventrally directed and narrowed, with short mesal process dorsally. Aedeagal shaft in lateral aspect slightly sinuate, with apical unpaired short process directed ventrally and pair of ventrally directed longer subapical processes, base of aedeagus bulbous, dorsal apodeme long, preatrium well developed, gonopore apical.
 Measurements. Male 4.67–4.94 mm long, 1.46–1.56 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. CHINA: HOLOTYPE ♂, Fukien: Shaown: Tachulan, 1000 m, 10.iv.1943, T.Maa (BPBM). PARATYPES: 14 ♂, same data as holotype except 5.iv.1942, 31.iii.1942, 9.ix.1942, 1.iv.1943, 22.iv.1943 (1 ♂ each), 10.iv.1943 (2 ♂), 20.iv.1943 (7 ♂) (BPBM); 1 ♂, same data as holotype except T.C. Maa Collector, L. Gressitt Collection (CAS).
 Remarks. J. longipenis externally resembles J. asymmetrica sp. nov. but differs in the elongate aedeagal shaft with caudoventrally directed subapical processes and unpaired ventrally directed apical process.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 85-87
Modeling the Injury Severity of Young Drivers Using Highway Crash Data from Kansas
Creators: name: Amarasingha, Niranga
name: Dissanayake, Sunanda
name: Amarasingha, Niranga
name: Dissanayake, Sunanda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Young drivers have elevated motor vehicle crash rates compared to other drivers. The study investigates characteristics of young driver crashes that took place in Kansas from year 2006 to 2008 by comparing them with more experienced drivers. In order to calculate the population-based rates, number of licensed drivers in each group was taken into account, where the data were taken from the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT). Annual vehicle miles traveled were obtained from National Household Travel Survey data to calculate the exposure-based crash rates. Young drivers were divided into two groups: aged 15-19 (teen) and aged 20-24 (young-adult) for detailed investigation. Multinomial logit models were developed, and likelihood ratio (LR) estimates and odds ratios (ORs) were used to identify overly represented characteristics and contributory causes of young driver crashes. Teen drivers were more likely to involve in crashes due to failure to give time and attention, falling asleep, failure to yield right of way, and distractions. Alcohol involvement, driving without a valid license, having restrictions on driver’s license, and involvement on off-roadway crashes were significant factors which increase the young driver injury severity. Driving with a valid license and wearing seat belt decrease the young driver injury severity. Based on the identified factors, crash mitigation strategies are presented.
Parallel CRISPR-Cas9 screens clarify impacts of p53 on screen performance
Creators: name: Bowden, Anne Ramsay
name: Morales-Juarez, David A
name: Sczaniecka-Clift, Matylda
name: Agudo, Maria Martin
name: Lukashchuk, Natalia
name: Thomas, John Christopher
name: Jackson, Stephen P
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Short Report
Genetics and Genomics
CRISPR screening
TP53
DNA damage response
Human

description: CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering has revolutionised high-throughput functional genomic screens. However, recent work has raised concerns regarding the performance of CRISPR-Cas9 screens using TP53 wild-type human cells due to a p53-mediated DNA damage response (DDR) limiting the efficiency of generating viable edited cells. To directly assess the impact of cellular p53 status on CRISPR-Cas9 screen performance, we carried out parallel CRISPR-Cas9 screens in wild-type and TP53 knockout human retinal pigment epithelial cells using a focused dual guide RNA library targeting 852 DDR-associated genes. Our work demonstrates that although functional p53 status negatively affects identification of significantly depleted genes, optimal screen design can nevertheless enable robust screen performance. Through analysis of our own and published screen data, we highlight key factors for successful screens in both wild-type and p53-deficient cells.
Alternative Funding for Mobility in Florida
Creators: name: Seggerman, Karen E.
name: Williams, Kristine
name: Nelson, Arthur
name: Nicholas, James C.
name: Lin, Pei-Sung
name: Fabregas, Aldo
name: Seggerman, Karen E.
name: Williams, Kristine
name: Nelson, Arthur
name: Nicholas, James C.
name: Lin, Pei-Sung
name: Fabregas, Aldo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: During Florida’s 2008 legislative session, considerable interest was expressed in the concept of a mobility fee, yet varying interpretations surrounded the nature and composition of such a fee. In June 2009, the Florida Legislature enacted the Community Renewal Act, requiring the State of Florida to evaluate and consider implementation of a mobility fee to replace the transportation concurrency system and setting forth certain objectives for the fee. This paper reports on research conducted for the Florida Department of Community Affairs and the Florida Department of Transportation in support of this legislative directive. It explores Seggerman, Karen E., Kristine M. Williams, Arthur C. Nelson et al. 2 two approaches for a mobility fee that advanced the legislative criteria and discusses practical implications of implementing a mobility fee in Florida. One approach was the concept of a modified impact fee that is sensitive to vehicle miles of travel (VMT) and is based upon improvements in an adopted mobility plan that includes all modes of transportation. Florida has considerable experience with impact fees, making this approach a potentially viable enhancement to existing planning and growth management systems. A fee with increased sensitivity to VMT could discourage urban sprawl more effectively than existing growth management systems by rewarding mixed-use and other development near or within activity centers. Another approach, which could complement the modified impact fee, is an expanded transportation utility fee (TUF). The idea of TUFs is not new, but their design and application has heretofore been limited in terms of the categories of expenses covered, geographic scope, and comprehensiveness of assessment. The proposed model expands on these traditional applications so TUFs could serve as an ongoing revenue source for broader transportation system needs, including transit operating costs. Finally, the paper will present a conceptual mobility planning and implementation framework for a mobility fee.
MOESM1 of A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFÎ˛ signaling in the mammary gland
Creators: name: Kohn, Ethan
name: Zhijun Du
name: Sato, Misako
name: Schyndle, Catherine Van
name: Welsh, Michael
name: Yu-An Yang
name: Stuelten, Christina
name: Binwu Tang
name: Wenjun Ju
name: Bottinger, Erwin
name: Lalage Wakefield
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 1
Regional MPO Alliances in Florida: A Model for Setting Megaregion Transportation Policies?
Creators: name: Seggerman, Karen E.
name: Kramer, Jeffrey
name: Seggerman, Karen E.
name: Kramer, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The megaregion concept is increasingly recognized by many disciplines, including transportation planning. In terms of transportation policy setting, consideration must be given to governance, coordination, planning, and programming. The ten identified megaregions in the United States (U.S.) span the jurisdictions of many municipalities, counties, and states. These also encompass many entities responsible for making transportation decisions including metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) and other modal authorities. A megaregion has no intrinsic governance structure allowing it to make policy decisions or develop products. While an efficient transportation system is key to the economic vitality and future maturation of a megaregion, system development may be challenged by diffuse direction and power. Transportation policy setting for a megaregion requires some form of governance structure to define boundaries and networks, develop a vision, produce plans, and communicate with its partners, stakeholders and others including the press. Many Florida MPOs have formed regional alliances to address regional transportation issues. This paper describes several of these regional alliances, their governance structures, and planning products and activities. In addition, the paper details the joint effort of two of the regional alliances. The agreements, activities, and products of these regional alliances, while applied on a sub-megaregional level, provide one model for megaregion governance regarding transportation systems. The governance model illustrated by Florida’s MPO regional alliances is but one example of many possible governance scenarios for megaregions. The nature and needs of each megaregion are unique and governance structures will need to be tailored to the specific needs of the individual megaregion
Online interprofessional education related to chronic illness for health professionals: a scoping review
Creators: name: McCabe, Catherine
name: Kunal D Patel
name: Fletcher, Simon
name: Winters, Niall
name: Sheaf, Greg
name: Jarlath Varley
name: McCann, Margaret
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: This scoping review focuses on identifying the quantity and quality of research evidence available with regard to online interprofessional education related to chronic disease management. Recent advances have seen the emergence of information communication technology and digital health solutions that may improve monitoring of and self-management of chronic disease. With the growing chronic disease burden globally, and the advancement of information communication technology, digital health solutions may improve chronic disease monitoring and self-management. However, health professionals are slow to utilize this technology in chronic disease management. Online education has the potential to enhance utilization of digital health solutions across interprofessional healthcare teams. This scoping review focuses on online interprofessional education and eLearning strategies used to promote engagement and achievement of learning outcomes between health care professionals in chronic disease management. A systematic search of the literature yielded 3112 papers; 15 studies were included in the review following an independent screening process. The review found very limited research for online interprofessional education related to chronic disease so it is not feasible to comment or draw conclusions in relation to its impact on interprofessional learning, student engagement in education or its impact in practice, services or health outcomes. Research methodology and online eLearning strategies varied across studies, highlighting the need for further rigorous studies that include consistency in online interprofessional education strategies, evaluations and study methods.
Prominent room temperature valley polarization in WS2/graphene heterostructures grown by chemical vapor deposition
Creators: name: Paradisanos, Ioannis
name: McCreary, Kathleen M.
name: Adinehloo, Davoud
name: Mouchliadis, Leonidas
name: Robinson, Jeremy T.
name: Chuang, Hsun-Jen
name: Hanbicki, Aubrey T.
name: Perebeinos, Vasili
name: Jonker, Berend T.
name: Stratakis, Emmanuel
name: Kioseoglou, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine different cases of heterostructures consisting of WS2 monolayers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) as the optically active material. We show that the degree of valley polarization of WS2 is considerably influenced by the material type used to form the heterostructure. Our results suggest the interaction between WS2 and graphene (WS2/Gr) has a strong effect on the temperature dependent depolarization (i.e. decrease of polarization with increasing temperature), with polarization degrees reaching 24% at room temperature under near-resonant excitation. This contrasts to hBN- encapsulated WS2, which exhibits a room temperature polarization degree of only 11%. The observed low depolarization rate in WS2/Gr heterostructure is attributed to the nearly temperature independent scattering rate due to phonons and fast charge and energy transfer processes from WS2 to graphene. Significant variations in the degree of polarization are also observed at 4K between the different heterostructure configurations. Intervalley hole scattering in the valence band proximity between the K and Γ points of WS2 is sensitive to the immediate environment, leading to the observed variations.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
Proteomics of intracellular freezing survival
Creators: name: Thorne, Michael A. S.
name: Britovšek, Nina Kočevar
name: Hawkins, Liam
name: Lilley, Kathryn S.
name: Storey, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods

description: Panagrolaimus sp. DAW1, a nematode cultured from the Antarctic, has the extraordinary physiological ability to survive total intracellular freezing throughout all of its compartments. While a few other organisms, all nematodes, have subsequently also been found to survive freezing in this manner, P. sp. DAW1 has so far shown the highest survival rates. In addition, P. sp. DAW1 is also, depending on the rate or extent of freezing, able to undergo cryoprotective dehydration. In this study, the proteome of P. sp DAW1 is explored, highlighting a number of differentially expressed proteins and pathways that occur when the nematodes undergo intracellular freezing. Among the strongest signals after being frozen is an upregulation of proteases and the downregulation of cytoskeletal and antioxidant activity, the latter possibly accumulated before freezing much in the way the sugar trehalose has been shown to be stored during acclimation.
Decoherence dynamics of Majorana qubits under braiding operations
Creators: name: Lai, Hon-Lam
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the decoherence dynamics of Majorana qubit braiding operations in a topological superconducting chain (TSC) system, in which the braiding is performed by controlling the electron-chemical potentials of the TSCs and the couplings between them. By solving rigorously the Majorana qubit dynamics, we show how the Majorana qubit coherence is generated through bogoliubon correlations formed by exchanging Majorana zero modes (MZMs) between two TSCs in braiding operations. Using the exact master equation, we demonstrate how MZMs and also the bogoliubon correlations dissipate due to charge fluctuations of the controlling gates at both the zero and finite temperatures. As a result, Majorana qubit coherence and the fermion parity conservation cannot be immune from local perturbations during braiding operations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary materials
Epidemiology and Phylogenetic Analysis of Viral Respiratory Infections in Vietnam
Creators: name: Lu, Lu
name: Robertson, Gail
name: Ashworth, Jordan
name: Pham Hong, Anh
name: Shi, Ting
name: Ivens, Alasdair
name: Thwaites, Guy
name: Baker, Stephen
name: Woolhouse, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: epidemiology
subject: viral respiratory infections
subject: metagenomic sequencing
subject: novel genomes
subject: phylogeographic transmission

description: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) impose a major public health burden on fragile healthcare systems of developing Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam. The epidemiology, genetic diversity and transmission patterns of respiratory viral pathogens that circulate in this region are not well characterized. We used RT-PCR to screen for 14 common respiratory viruses in nasal/throat samples from 4326 ARI patients from 5 sites in Vietnam during 2012–2016. 64% of patients tested positive for viruses; 14% tested positive multiple co-infecting viruses. The most frequently detected viruses were Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, 23%), Human Rhinovirus (HRV, 13%), Influenza A virus (IAV, 11%) and Human Bocavirus (HBoV, 7%). RSV infections peaked in July to October, were relatively more common in children <1 year and in the northernmost hospital. IAV infections peaked in December to February and were relatively more common in patients >5 years in the central region. Coinfection with IAV or RSV was associated with increased disease severity compared with patients only infected with HBoV or HRV. Over a hundred genomes belonging to 13 families and 24 genera were obtained via metagenomic sequencing, including novel viruses and viruses less commonly associated with ARIs. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses further indicated that neighboring countries were the most likely source of many virus lineages causing ARIs in Vietnam and estimated the period that specific lineages have been circulating. Our study illustrates the value of applying the state-of-the-art virus diagnostic methods (multiplex RT-PCR and metagenomic sequencing) and phylodynamic analyses at a national level to generate an integrated picture of viral ARI epidemiology.