cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Human-in-the-Loop for Data Collection: a Multi-Target Counter Narrative Dataset to Fight Online Hate Speech
Creators: name: Fanton, Margherita
name: Bonaldi, Helena
name: Tekiroglu, Serra Sinem
name: Guerini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Undermining the impact of hateful content with informed and non-aggressive responses, called counter narratives, has emerged as a possible solution for having healthier online communities. Thus, some NLP studies have started addressing the task of counter narrative generation. Although such studies have made an effort to build hate speech / counter narrative (HS/CN) datasets for neural generation, they fall short in reaching either high-quality and/or high-quantity. In this paper, we propose a novel human-in-the-loop data collection methodology in which a generative language model is refined iteratively by using its own data from the previous loops to generate new training samples that experts review and/or post-edit. Our experiments comprised several loops including dynamic variations. Results show that the methodology is scalable and facilitates diverse, novel, and cost-effective data collection. To our knowledge, the resulting dataset is the only expert-based multi-target HS/CN dataset available to the community.
description: To appear at ACL 2021 (long paper)
Manipulation of Jeff=3/2 states by tuning the tetragonal distortion
Creators: name: Weng, Yakui
name: Dong, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-orbit entangled quantum states in 4d/5d compounds, e.g., the Jeff=1/2 and Jeff=3/2 states, have attracted great interests for their unique physical roles in unconventional superconductivity and topological states. Here, the key role of tetragonal distortion is clarified, which determines the ground states of 4d1/5d1 systems to be the Jeff=3/2 one (e.g. K2NbCl6) or S=1/2 one (e.g. Rb2NbCl6). By tuning the tetragonal distortion via epitaxial strain, the occupation weights of dxy/dyz/dxz orbitals can be subtly modulated, competing with the spin-orbit coupling. Consequently, quantum phase transitions between S=1/2 state and Jeff=3/2 state, as well as between different Jeff=3/2 states, can be achieved, resulting in significant changes of local magnetic moments. Our prediction points out a reliable route to engineer new functionality of Jeff states in these quantum materials.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
On isoperimetric profiles of algebras
Creators: name: D'Adderio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Isoperimetric profile in algebras was first introduced by Gromov. We study the behavior of the isoperimetric profile under various ring theoretic constructions and its relation with the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension.
description: final version, to appear in J. Algebra
Percepción de Flipped Learning (FL) en Ciencias Económicas
Creators: name: Martín-de-Santos, Inés
name: Martín-Vega, Arturo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Flipped Learning - Economía - España - Estados Unidos - Metodología - docencia

description: Estudio teórico práctico acerca de la metodología docente Flipped Learning con estudio de caso para observar la aceptación de este sistema por parte del alumnado en diversos grupos de alumnos de Ciencias Económicas en las universidades Kendall College de Chicago y Carlos III de Madrid. Se constatan resultados similares y añaden recomendaciones
Reminiscence and self-concept in older adults
Creators: name: Andersen, Ann Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Reminiscence is a complex phenomenon which is theorized in contemporary gerontological literature to serve adaptive functions in successful aging. This study explores the relationship between reminiscence (as measured using the Reminiscence Survey) and one criterion of adaptation: global self-esteem (as measured by the Total P score of the Tennessee Self Concept Scale) in a sample of 40 older volunteers who range in age from 55 years to 95 years and who still live independently in the community. Significant positive correlations were found between the Reminiscence Survey measures and the Total P scores of the TSCS. As well, life-reviewers reported significantly more uses, triggers, and outcomes of reminiscence and had significantly higher self-concept scores than did non-life-reviewers. These findings serve to demonstrate the positive relationship between the pervasiveness of reminiscence and the positivity of self-conception. Implications for the constructive use of reminiscence as a therapeutic intervention strategy in counselling older adults are discussed.
Can rigidly rotating polytropes be sources of the Kerr metric?
Creators: name: Martin, J.
name: Molina, A.
name: Ruiz, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a recent result by Cabezas et al. to build up an approximate solution to the gravitational field created by a rigidly rotating polytrope. We solve the linearized Einstein equations inside and outside the surface of zero pressure including second-order corrections due to rotational motion to get an asymptotically flat metric in a global harmonic coordinate system. We prove that if the metric and their first derivatives are continuous on the matching surface up to this order of approximation, the multipole moments of this metric cannot be fitted to those of the Kerr metric.
description: LaTeX, 17 pages, submitted to CQG
Forward modelling of heating within a coronal arcade
Creators: name: Fyfe, Lianne
name: Howson, Thomas
name: De Moortel, Ineke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We investigate the synthetic observational signatures from numerical models of coronal heating in an arcade to determine what features are associated with such heating, and what tools can be used to identify them. Methods. We consider two simulations of coronal arcades driven by footpoint motions with different characteristic timescales. Forward modelling is then used, and the synthetic emission data is analysed. Results. The total intensity and Doppler velocities clearly show the magnetic structure of the coronal arcade. Contrasts in the local Doppler shift also highlight the locations of separatrix surfaces. The distinguishing feature of the AC and DC models is that of the frequencies. Through FFT analysis of the Doppler velocities, when short timescale footpoint motions are present, higher frequencies are observed. For longer timescale motions, the dominant signal is that of lower frequencies; however, higher frequencies were also detected, which matched the natural Alfvén frequency of the background magnetic field. Alfvénic wave signatures were identified in both models with fast wave signatures observable in the AC model. Finally, the estimates of the kinetic energy using the Doppler shifts were found to significantly underestimate within these models. Conclusions. Observables identified within this article were from features such as Alfvén waves, fast waves, the arcade structure and separatrix surfaces. The two models were differentiated by examining the frequencies present. The Doppler velocities cannot provide accurate estimates of the total kinetic energy or the component parallel to the LOS. This is due to some plasma outside the formation temperature range of the ion, the multi-directional driver, and cancellation of the velocity along the LOS. The impact each factor has on the estimation is dependent on the set up of the model and the chosen emission line.
description: 15 pages and 18 figures
QCD corrections to polarization of J/ψand Υat Fermilab Tevatron and CERN LHC
Creators: name: Gong, Bin
name: Wang, Jian-Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present more detail of the calculation on the NLO QCD corrections to polarization of direct J/psi production via color singlet at Tevatron and LHC, as well as the results for Upsilon for the first time. Our results show that the J/psi polarization status drastically changes from transverse polarization dominant at LO into longitudinal polarization dominant in the whole range of the transverse momentum $p_t$ of J/psi when the NLO corrections are counted. For Upsilon production, the p_t distribution of the polarization status behaves almost the same as that for J/psi except that the NLO result is transverse polarization at small p_t range. Although the theoretical evaluation predicts a larger longitudinal polarization than the measured value at Tevatron, it may provide a solution towards the previous large discrepancy for J/psi and Upsilon polarization between theoretical predication and experimental measurement, and suggests that the next important step is to calculate the NLO corrections to hadronproduction of color octet state J/psi^(8) and Upsilon^(8). Our calculations are performed in two ways, namely we do and do not analytically sum over the polarizations, and then check them with each other.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, two columns, use revtex4; to appear in PRD
title: Bleek: A Dramatic Poem
Creators: name: Nixon, Gwendolyn Gail
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1993

description:
This poem is not about any character in particular. It is a montage of disenfranchised voices which reflect disenchantment with the status quo: a system that continues to see gang members as crazed people who are non-human, a stereotype which perpetuates gang-related killings.

Nevertheless, the poem has some of the qualities of a short story in that it has a beginning, middle, and end, as well as a central character, Bleek, who speaks for the norms of the poem. Through a series of scenes and reflections, Bleek takes us on a journey which is as demoralizing as the one that African Americans experienced when they were brought to this country on slave ships, their language and culture ignored as they were force-fed poverty and treated like puppets for children's flighty joy. But just as some slaves rose above their circumstances, Bleek is changed through the course of the poem. Needless to say, his journey is a necessary one in a society divided by violence and prejudice. As a result, he trades his old weapon, the gun, for a new tool, the pen. This is his story.
The HST large programme on omega Centauri -- IV. catalogue of two external fields
Creators: name: Scalco, M.
name: Bellini, A.
name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Libralato, M.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Vesperini, E.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Apai, D.
name: Burgasser, A. J.
name: Gerasimov, R.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the fourth paper of this series, we present -- and publicly release -- the state-of-the-art catalogue and atlases for the two remaining parallel fields observed with the Hubble Space Telescope for the large programme on omega Centauri. These two fields are located at ~12' from the centre of the globular cluster (in the West and South-West directions) and were imaged in filters from the ultraviolet to the infrared. Both fields were observed at two epochs separated by about 2 years that were used to derive proper motions and to compute membership probabilities.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures (low resolution). Electronic on-line material at this url https://web.oapd.inaf.it/bedin/files/PAPERs_eMATERIALs/wCen_HST_LargeProgram/P04/ ; Accepted for publication in MNRAS on 2021 May 18th, available at this url https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021MNRAS.505.3549S/abstract
Belief systems of alcoholics and problem drinkers
Creators: name: Pallett, Joanne Hendrika
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Alcohol dependence is a complex condition which may be construed as both a disease and a behavioral problem. This study investigated the possibility that deviant drinkers themselves choose one of these options, that this choice is related to general beliefs about control, and that both specific and general beliefs change during a stay in a four week residential treatment program. A questionnaire was constructed to measure differences between behavior and disease oriented beliefs about alcohol dependency. This questionnaire was tested on a group of 104 clients at two alcohol treatment centres. It was established that the instrument fulfilled some of the criteria for psychometric soundness, notably, an acceptable level of internal consistency, and some discriminatory ability. A volunteer sample of 59 men was then tested at these same treatment centres. They were divided into two groups: alcoholics and problem drinkers, depending on which role label they preferred. Everyone received a pre test and a post test. On each occasion, they completed the Beliefs About Alcohol Dependence questionnaire, the Rotter Locus of Control test, the Michigan Alcoholism Screening test, and a demographic information questionnaire. Results indicate that there were some differences in belief systems between the two groups. Self defined alcoholics had more disease oriented beliefs and a greater tendency to perceive themselves in control of their environment. Self defined problem drinkers had more behavior oriented beliefs and a greater tendency to perceive themselves to be controlled by v their environment. While specific beliefs about dependence did not change during treatment, general beliefs about control over the environment did. The implications of viewing the alcohol dependent population as variable with respect to belief systems are discussed.
Geochemistry of U and Th and its Influence on the Origin and Evolution of the Crust of Earth and the Biological Evolution
Creators: name: Bao, Xuezhao
name: Zhang, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We have investigated the migration behaviors of uranium (U) and thorium (Th) in Earth and other terrestrial planets. Theoretical models of U and Th migration have been proposed. These models suggest that the unique features of Earth are closely connected with its unique U and Th migration models and distribution patterns. In the Earth, U and Th can combine with oxidative volatile components and water, migrate up to the asthenosphere position to form an enrichment zone (EZ) of U and Th first, and then migrate up further to the crusts through magmatism and metamorphism. We emphasize that the formation of an EZ of U, Th and other heat-producing elements is a prerequisite for the formation of a plate tectonic system. The heat-producing elements, currently mainly U and Th, in the EZ are also the energy sources that drive the formation and evolution of the crust of Earth and create special granitic continental crusts. In other terrestrial planets, including Mercury, Venus, and Mars, an EZ can not be formed because of a lack of oxidative volatile components and water. For this reason, a plate tectonic system can not been developed in these planets. We also emphasize the influence of U and Th in EZ on the development and evolution of life on Earth. We propose that since the Earth and planets were born in a united solar system, there should be some common mechanisms to create the similarities and differences between them. We have tried to develop an integrated view to explain some problems in the tectonics of Earth and evolution, bio-evolution, and planetary dynamics through U and Th geochemistry. We believe that a comprehensive exploration on energy sources and their evolution is a good way to build bridges between different disciplines of science in order to better understand the Earth and planets.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Language correction
Quasi-one-dimensional polarized Fermi superfluids
Creators: name: Parish, Meera M.
name: Baur, Stefan K.
name: Mueller, Erich J.
name: Huse, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the zero temperature phase diagram of a polarized two-component Fermi gas in an array of weakly-coupled parallel one-dimensional (1D) 'tubes' produced by a two-dimensional optical lattice. Increasing the lattice strength drives a crossover from three-dimensional (3D) to 1D behavior, stabilizing the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) modulated superfluid phase. We argue that the most promising regime for observing the FFLO phase is in the quasi-1D regime, where the atomic motion is largely 1D but there is weak tunneling in the other directions that stabilizes long range order. In the FFLO phase, we describe a phase transition where the quasiparticle spectrum changes from gapless near the 3D regime to gapped in quasi-1D.
description: 4+ pages, 2 figures. References added and minor changes to text
MPEC 2024-T20 : 2023 TV9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Quality of $PbWO_4$ Crystals Manufactured at SICCAS
Creators: name: Dormenev, V.
name: Eissner, T.
name: Novotny, R. W.
name: Schubert, R.
name: Tarasov, I.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
BO'LAJAK IQTISODIYOT FANI O'QITUVCHILARINING O'ZIGA XOS PEDAGOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Djumanazarova, Zamira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Pedagogik faoliyat - o‘qituvchining o‘quvchilarni o‘qitish va tarbiyalash vazifalarini hal qilishga qaratilgan va pedagogik o‘zaro ta'sir orqali amalga oshiriladigan kasbiy faoliyati. O‘qituvchi ushbu faoliyatning bir nechta turlarini amalga oshiradi: o‘rgatadi, tarbiyalaydi, yo‘naltiradi, tashkil qiladi, targ‘ib qiladi, mustaqil bilim olishga jalb qiladi. Bularning barchasi bevosita o‘qitish va tarbiyalash vazifalarini hal qilishga qaratilgan.
Study of the timing resolution of a PANDA Barrel DIRC prototype
Creators: name: Krebs, M.
name: Schwarz, C.
name: Schwiening, J.
name: Peters, K.
name: Schwarz, C.
name: Schwiening, J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Bootstrapping the Grenander estimator
Creators: name: Kosorok, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G09, 62G07 (Primary) 60F05, 60G15 (Secondary)

description: The goal of this paper is to study the bootstrap for the Grenander estimator. The first result is a proof of the inconsistency of the nonparametric bootstrap for the Grenander estimator at a given point. The second result is the development and verification of a bootstrap for the $L_1$ confidence band for the Grenander estimator. As part of this work, kernel estimators are studied as alternatives to the Grenander estimator. We show that when the second derivative of the true density is assumed to be uniformly bounded, there exist kernel estimators with faster convergence rates than the Grenander estimator. We study the implications of this in developing $L_1$ and uniform confidence bands and discuss some open questions.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/193940307000000202 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Possibility of single biomolecular imaging with coherent amplification of weak scattering X-ray photons
Creators: name: Shintake, Tsumoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of photons available by coherent X-ray scattering from a single biomolecule is considerably less because of the extremely small elastic-scattering cross-section and low damage threshold. Even with a high X-ray flux of 3 x 10to 12 photons per 100-nm-diameter spot and an ultrashort pulse of 10 fs driven by a future X-ray free electron laser (X-ray FEL), it has been predicted that only a few 100 photons will be available by scattering from a single lysozyme molecule. In this paper I propose a new method: instead of directly observing the photons scattered from the sample, we amplify the scattered waves by superimposing an intense coherent reference pump wave on it and record the resulting interference pattern using a planar X-ray detector, similar to technique followed in holography. Using a nanosized gold particle as a reference pump wave source, we can collect 10 to 4 ~ 10 to 5 photons in single shot imaging where the signal from a single biomolecule is amplified and recorded as 2D diffraction intensity data. To recover the phase information and reconstruct the image, the iterative phase retrieval technique will be applicable. However, the technical difficulty is how to precisely reconstruct faint image of the single bio-molecular in Angstrom resolution, whose intensity is much lower than the bright gold particle linked to it. In order to solve this problem, I propose a new scheme that combines the iterative phase-retrieval on reference pump wave and digital Fourier transform holography.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures Submitted to Physical Review E, Thu May 22 2008
title: Grappling with gene-culture co-evolution
Creators: name: Hogan, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Irish Psychologist
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Gene-culture co-evolution

description: Magazine article
description: Human beings strive to understand. Understanding helps us to survive, adapt, and flourish. A central theme in the history of philosophical and religious thought has been the call to "know thyself" and to "understand thy nature". Since the dawn of recorded culture, each new generation has heard echoes of this call. Long before the birth of western philosophy, religion, and science, the I Ching opened with the warning: "The creative is successful; this is beneficial if correct."
Effective Hamiltonian Theory and Its Applications in Quantum Information
Creators: name: James, Daniel F. V.
name: Jerke, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a useful compact formula for deriving an effective Hamiltonian describing the time-averaged dynamics of detuned quantum systems. The formalism also works for ensemble-averaged dynamics of stochastic systems. To illustrate the technique we give examples involving Raman processes, Bloch-Siegert shifts and Quantum Logic Gates.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Canadian Journal of Physics
Towards Probabilistic Session-Type Monitoring
Creators: name: Burlò, Christian Bartolo
name: Francalanza, Adrian
name: Scalas, Alceste
name: Trubiani, Catia
name: Tuosto, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a tool-based approach for the runtime analysis of communicating processes grounded on probabilistic binary session types. We synthesise a monitor out of a probabilistic session type where each choice point is decorated by a probability distribution. The monitor observes the execution of a process, infers its probabilistic behaviour and issues warnings when the observed behaviour deviates from the one specified by the probabilistic session type.
Theory of the effective Seebeck coefficient for photoexcited 2D materials: the case of graphene
Creators: name: Tomadin, Andrea
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelectric phenomena in photoexcited graphene have been the topic of several theoretical and experimental studies because of their potential usefulness in optoelectronic applications. However, available theoretical descriptions of the thermoelectric effect in terms of the Seebeck coefficient do not take into account the role of the photoexcited electron density. In this work, we adopt the concept of effective Seebeck coefficient [G.D. Mahan, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 7326 (2000)] and extend it to the case of a photoexcited two-dimensional (2D) electron gas. We calculate the effective Seebeck coefficient for photoexcited graphene, we compare it to the commonly used "phenomenological" Seebeck coefficient, and we show how it depends on the photoexcited electron density and temperature. Our results are necessary inputs for any quantitative microscopic theory of thermoelectric effects in graphene and related 2D materials.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Mechanical Engineering: An International Journal (MEIJ)
Creators: name: Meij
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects:  Operations Management  Logistics and Supply Chain Management  Reliability and Maintenance Engineering  Total Quality Management and Quality Engineering  Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems  Non-Traditional Machining processes  Machinability of Materials, Composite Materials  Tribol

description: CALL FOR PAPERS...!!!! Mechanical Engineering: An International Journal (MEIJ) http://airccse.com/meij/index.html ISSN: 2349 – 2651 February Issue CONTACT US : meijjournal@yahoo.com or meij@airccse.com Submission Link : https://airccse.com/submission/home.html
CI Tau: A controlled experiment in disk-planet interaction
Creators: name: Muley, Dhruv
name: Dong, Ruobing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CI Tau is a young (~2 Myr) T Tauri system with a substantial near-infrared excess in its SED, indicating that the protoplanetary disk extends very close to its star. This is seemingly at odds with the radial-velocity discovery of CI Tau b, a ~12 MJ planet at ~0.1 au, which would be expected to carve a wide, deep cavity in the innermost disk. To investigate this apparent contradiction, we run 2D hydrodynamics simulations to study the effect of the planet on the disk, then post-process the results with radiative transfer to obtain an SED. We find that at ~0.1 au, even such a massive companion has little impact on the near-infrared excess, a result that holds regardless of planetary eccentricity and dust size distribution. Conversely, the observed full-disk signature in CI Tau's SED is consistent with the existence of the hot super-Jupiter CI Tau b. As our simulations uncover, clear transition-disk signatures in SEDs are more likely to be signposts of nascent "warm" Jupiters, located at around 1 AU in the future habitable zones of their host stars.
description: Accepted to ApJL. Comments and questions welcome. v2: fixed abstract to reflect accepted version
Field-measured versus derived: What are the most effective predictor variables in stream biodiversity models?
Creators: name: Johnston, Miriam Rebecca
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Environmental science
subject: community-level modeling
subject: generalized dissimilarity modeling
subject: Maryland Biological Stream Survey
subject: predictor variables
subject: stream biodiversity

description: Statistical models used to predict and map patterns of biodiversity require environmental variables with full coverage across an area of interest. By necessity, these variables are derived from GIS, remote sensing, or via interpolation, and may not be as physiologically relevant to biota or as representative of on-the-ground conditions as field-measured variables. This research used generalized dissimilarity modeling and occurrence data for freshwater fish and benthic invertebrates in Maryland to examine differences in explanatory power, predictive ability, and management inference yielded by derived and field-measured variables. Across the state and for both taxa, models fit with field-measured variables were superior in explanation and prediction, and nearly always more parsimonious. However, there was little difference between the variable sets in ability to predict management-related indices. Results suggest that field-measured variables are preferred over derived variables overall, but their absence from predictive models may not have a large effect on management inference.
Evaluation of material supported virtual reality and animation on 6th grade students’ success, cognitive levels and loads in the unit of circulatory system
Creators: name: YEŞİLTAŞ, HACI MEHMET
name: TAŞ (Turkey), EROL
Publisher: name: Review of Science, Mathematics and ICT Education
Year: 2021
Subjects: Animation, cognitive level, cognitive load, virtual reality

description: The aim of this study was to research the effects of virtual reality and animation supported science teaching software prepared for 6th-grade Systems in Our Body Unit Circulatory System subject on students’ cognitive load levels, academic success and cognitive levels. Cognitive Level Scale (CLES) and Cognitive Load Scale (CLOS) were used as data collection instrument. When the results of the study were examined, a significant difference was found between cognitive levels of students in favour of the experimental group which received virtual reality software supported teaching. At the same time, since cognitive level scale is an achievement test, a comparison was made between the groups in terms of academic achievement. Academic achievements of the students in the virtual reality software supported experimental group were significantly different and higher when compared with students in the other group. In addition, when cognitive levels of the students were examined, it was found that virtual reality supported experimental group had higher cognitive levels when compared with other groups. When the scores of cognitive load scale were examined, it was found that virtual reality supported experimental group had lower cognitive load. As a conclusion, virtual reality supported science education contributes to students’ academic achievement, their states of having higher cognitive levels and lower cognitive load.
description: Review of Science, Mathematics and ICT Education, Forthcoming papers
Solar neutrinos and the primordial Sun
Creators: name: Haxton, W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the possibility that the large-scale segregation of metals that accompanied planet formation might have left an imprint on the composition of the primordial Sun. Motivated in part by recent Borexino measurements of CN solar neutrinos, I stress how the additional linear metallicity dependence of this flux could be exploited to constrain the composition of the solar core. The gas in the core is arguably the earliest preserved sample of the material out of which our solar system formed.
description: Based in part on a public talk given at the 16th Marcel Grossmann meeting
Stochastic local operations and classical communication properties of the n-qubit symmetric Dicke states
Creators: name: Li, D.
name: Li, X.
name: Huang, H.
name: Li, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several schemes for the experimental creation of Dicke states were described. In this paper, we show that all the $n$-qubit symmetric Dicke states with $l$ ($2\leq l\leq (n-2)$) excitations are inequivalent to the $% |GHZ>$ state or the $|W>$ state under SLOCC, that the even $n$% -qubit symmetric Dicke state with $n/2$ excitations is inequivalent to any even $n$-qubit symmetric Dicke state with $l\neq n/2$ excitations under SLOCC, and that all the $n$-qubit symmetric Dicke states with $l$ ($2\leq l\leq (n-2)$) excitations satisfy Coffman, Kundu and Wootters' generalized monogamy inequality $C_{12}^{2}+...+C_{1n}^{2}
description: 16 pages, no figues, some changes including the title
Magnetic impurities on the surface of a topological insulator
Creators: name: Liu, Qin
name: Liu, Chao-Xing
name: Xu, Cenke
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface states of a topological insulator are described by an emergent relativistic massless Dirac equation in 2+1 dimensions. In contrast to graphene, there is an odd number of Dirac points, and the electron spin is directly coupled to the momentum. We show that a magnetic impurity opens up a local gap and suppresses the local density of states. Furthermore, the Dirac electronic states mediate an RKKY interaction among the magnetic impurities which is always ferromagnetic, whenever the chemical potential lies near the Dirac point. These effects can be directly measured in STM experiments. We also study the case of quenched disorder through a renormalization group analysis.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
RGB photometric calibration of 15 million Gaia stars
Creators: name: Cardiel, Nicolás
name: Zamorano, Jaime
name: Carrasco, Josep Manel
name: Masana, Eduard
name: Bará, Salvador
name: González, Rafael
name: Izquierdo, Jaime
name: Pascual, Sergio
name: de Miguel, Alejandro Sánchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although a catalogue of synthetic RGB magnitudes, providing photometric data for a sample of 1346 bright stars, has been recently published, its usefulness is still limited due to the small number of reference stars available, considering that they are distributed throughout the whole celestial sphere, and the fact that they are restricted to Johnson V < 6.6 mag. This work presents synthetic RGB magnitudes for ~15 million stars brighter than Gaia G = 18 mag, making use of a calibration between the RGB magnitudes of the reference bright star sample and the corresponding high quality photometric G, G_BP and G_RP magnitudes provided by the Gaia EDR3. The calibration has been restricted to stars exhibiting -0.5 < G_BP - G_RP < 2.0 mag, and aims to predict RGB magnitudes within an error interval of $\pm 0.1$ mag. Since the reference bright star sample is dominated by nearby stars with slightly undersolar metallicity, systematic variations in the predictions are expected, as modelled with the help of stellar atmosphere models. These deviations are constrained to the $\pm 0.1$ mag interval when applying the calibration only to stars scarcely affected by interstellar extinction and with metallicity compatible with the median value for the bright star sample. The large number of Gaia sources available in each region of the sky should guarantee high-quality RGB photometric calibrations.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Internal-external locus of control and children’s perceptions of their family environment
Creators: name: Jackson, Mark Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The relationship between locus of control orientation and children's perception of their Family environment was investigated by having 207 grade eight students C85 males and 121 females] complete the Family Environment Scale and the Nowicki-Strickland internal-external control scale. Children with high internal control saw their Families as being more cohesive, more expressive, encouraging more independence, having a higher level of achievement orientation, a greater interest in intellectual-cultural activities, a greater interest in active-recreational activities more interested in moral-religious issues and values, more organized, and experiencing less conflict and control in their Family relationships than the children with high external control. These Findings were consistent across sex with one exception; male children perceived a higher level of moral-religious emphasis in their Families than did Female children. A significant interaction between locus of control and subject gender was found for the subscale intellectual-cultural orientation. Internal males perceived a higher level of intellectual-cultural orientation in their Families than did external males, while internal and external Females perceived a similar level of intellectual-cultural orientation in their Families. These findings produced an interaction between locus of control and subject gender. The findings were discussed, summarized and suggestions for further research were presented.
Ratio tests for change point detection
Creators: name: Horváth, Lajos
name: Horváth, Zsuzsanna
name: Hušková, Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F03 (Primary) 62F05 (Secondary)

description: We propose new tests to detect a change in the mean of a time series. Like many existing tests, the new ones are based on the CUSUM process. Existing CUSUM tests require an estimator of a scale parameter to make them asymptotically distribution free under the no change null hypothesis. Even if the observations are independent, the estimation of the scale parameter is not simple since the estimator for the scale parameter should be at least consistent under the null as well as under the alternative. The situation is much more complicated in case of dependent data, where the empirical spectral density at 0 is used to scale the CUSUM process. To circumvent these difficulties, new tests are proposed which are ratios of CUSUM functionals. We demonstrate the applicability of our method to detect a change in the mean when the errors are AR(1) and GARCH(1,1) sequences.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/193940307000000220 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Flame Evolution During Type Ia Supernovae and the Deflagration Phase in the Gravitationally Confined Detonation Scenario
Creators: name: Townsley, D. M.
name: Calder, A. C.
name: Asida, S. M.
name: Seitenzahl, I. R.
name: Peng, F.
name: Vladimirova, N.
name: Lamb, D. Q.
name: Truran, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an improved method for tracking the nuclear flame during the deflagration phase of a Type Ia supernova, and apply it to study the variation in outcomes expected from the gravitationally confined detonation (GCD) paradigm. A simplified 3-stage burning model and a non-static ash state are integrated with an artificially thickened advection-diffusion-reaction (ADR) flame front in order to provide an accurate but highly efficient representation of the energy release and electron capture in and after the unresolvable flame. We demonstrate that both our ADR and energy release methods do not generate significant acoustic noise, as has been a problem with previous ADR-based schemes. We proceed to model aspects of the deflagration, particularly the role of buoyancy of the hot ash, and find that our methods are reasonably well-behaved with respect to numerical resolution. We show that if a detonation occurs in material swept up by the material ejected by the first rising bubble but gravitationally confined to the white dwarf (WD) surface (the GCD paradigm), the density structure of the WD at detonation is systematically correlated with the distance of the deflagration ignition point from the center of the star. Coupled to a suitably stochastic ignition process, this correlation may provide a plausible explanation for the variety of nickel masses seen in Type Ia Supernovae.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
The Adiabatic Instability on Cosmology's Dark Side
Creators: name: Bean, Rachel
name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
name: Trodden, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theories with a nontrivial coupling between the matter and dark energy sectors. We describe a small scale instability that can occur in such models when the coupling is strong compared to gravity, generalizing and correcting earlier treatments. The instability is characterized by a negative sound speed squared of an effective coupled dark matter/dark energy fluid. Our results are general, and applicable to a wide class of coupled models and provide a powerful, redshift-dependent tool, complementary to other constraints, with which to rule many of them out. A detailed analysis and applications to a range of models are presented in a longer companion paper.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Noncommutative Fluids
Creators: name: Polychronakos, Alexios P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the connection between noncommutative gauge theory, matrix models and fluid mechanical systems. The noncommutative Chern-Simons description of the quantum Hall effect and bosonization of collective fermion states are used as specific examples.
description: To appear in "Seminaire Poincare X", Institut Henri Poincare, Paris; references added
Dimensional reduction by geometrical frustration in a cubic antiferromagnet composed of tetrahedral clusters
Creators: name: Okuma, Ryutaro
name: Kofu, Maiko
name: Asai, Shinichiro
name: Avdeev, Maxim
name: Koda, Akihiro
name: Okabe, Hirotaka
name: Hiraishi, Masatoshi
name: Takeshita, Soshi
name: Kojima, Kenji M.
name: Kadono, Ryosuke
name: Masuda, Takatsugu
name: Nakajima, Kenji
name: Hiroi, Zenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dimensionality is a critical factor in determining the properties of solids and is an apparent built-in character of the crystal structure. However, it can be an emergent and tunable property in geometrically frustrated spin systems. Here, we study the spin dynamics of the tetrahedral cluster antiferromagnet, pharmacosiderite, via muon spin resonance and neutron scattering. We find that the spin correlation exhibits a two-dimensional characteristic despite the isotropic connectivity of tetrahedral clusters made of spin 5/2 Fe3+ ions in the three-dimensional cubic crystal, which we ascribe to two-dimensionalisation by geometrical frustration based on spin wave calculations. Moreover, we suggest that even one-dimensionalisation occurs in the decoupled layers, generating low-energy and one-dimensional excitation modes, causing large spin fluctuation in the classical spin system. Pharmacosiderite facilitates studying the emergence of low-dimensionality and manipulating anisotropic responses arising from the dimensionality using an external magnetic field.
description: 22 pages, 22 figures
Magnetoconductivity of a metal with closed Fermi surface reconstructed by a biaxial density wave
Creators: name: Kadigrobov, A. M.
name: Keran, B.
name: Radić, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum dynamics and kinetics of a 2D conductor with closed Fermi surface reconstructed by a biaxial density wave, in which electrons move along a two-dimensional periodic net of semiclassical trajectories coupled by the magnetic breakdown tunnelling under a strong magnetic field. We derive a quasi-particle dispersion law and magnetoconductivity tensor. The quasi-particle spectrum is found to be the alternating series of two-dimensional magnetic energy bands with gaps between them. The longitudinal magnetoconductivity shows giant oscillations with change of magnetic field, while the Hall coefficient changes sign and is absent in a wide range of the magnetic fields in between. Preliminary estimations show that the suggested magnetoconductivity mechanism may be the origin of such behaviour of the Hall coefficient vs. magnetic field, as observed in experiments in materials with analogous topology of the Fermi surface, such as the high-Tc superconducting cuprates.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Qubit phase-space: SU(n) coherent state P-representations
Creators: name: Barry, D. W.
name: Drummond, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a phase-space representation for qubits and spin models. The technique uses an SU(n) coherent state basis, and can equally be used for either static or dynamical simulations. We review previously known definitions and operator identities, and show how these can be used to define an off-diagonal, positive phase-space representation analogous to the positive P-function. As an illustration of the phase-space method, we use the example of the Ising model, which has exact solutions for the finite temperature canonical ensemble in two dimensions. We show how a canonical ensemble for an Ising model of arbitrary structure can be efficiently simulated using SU(2) or atomic coherent states. The technique utilizes a transformation from a canonical (imaginary-time) weighted simulation to an equivalent unweighted real-time simulation. The results are compared to the exactly soluble two-dimensional case. We note that Ising models in one, two or three dimensions are potentially achievable experimentally as a lattice-gas of ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices. The technique is not restricted to canonical ensembles or to Ising-like couplings. It is also able to be used for real-time evolution, and for systems whose time-evolution follows a master-equation describing decoherence and coupling to external reservoirs. The case of SU(n) phase-space is used to describe n-level systems. In general, the requirement that time-evolution is stochastic corresponds to a restriction to Hamiltonians and master-equations that are quadratic in the group generators or generalized spin operators.
description: Replaced to correct the citation style
Further Development of Lattice-FPGA based TDC and Its Implementation on different Platforms
Creators: name: Ugur, C.
name: Frühauf, J.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Kurz, N.
name: Schweitzer, T.
name: Traxler, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1