cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determining the crystal-field ground state in rare earth Heavy Fermion materials using soft-x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Hansmann, P.
name: Severing, A.
name: Hu, Z.
name: Haverkort, M. W.
name: Chang, C. F.
name: Klein, S.
name: Tanaka, A.
name: Hsieh, H. H.
name: Lin, H. -J.
name: Chen, C. T.
name: Fåk, B.
name: Lejay, P.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We infer that soft-x-ray absorption spectroscopy is a versatile method for the determination of the crystal-field ground state symmetry of rare earth Heavy Fermion systems, complementing neutron scattering. Using realistic and universal parameters, we provide a theoretical mapping between the polarization dependence of Ce $M_{4,5}$ spectra and the charge distribution of the Ce $4f$ states. The experimental resolution can be orders of magnitude larger than the $4f$ crystal field splitting itself. To demonstrate the experimental feasibility of the method, we investigated CePd$_2$Si$_2$, thereby settling an existing disagreement about its crystal-field ground state.
A third strike against perfect phylogeny
Creators: name: van Iersel, Leo
name: Jones, Mark
name: Kelk, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Perfect phylogenies are fundamental in the study of evolutionary trees because they capture the situation when each evolutionary trait emerges only once in history; if such events are believed to be rare, then by Occam's Razor such parsimonious trees are preferable as a hypothesis of evolution. A classical result states that 2-state characters permit a perfect phylogeny precisely if each subset of 2 characters permits one. More recently, it was shown that for 3-state characters the same property holds but for size-3 subsets. A long-standing open problem asked whether such a constant exists for each number of states. More precisely, it has been conjectured that for any fixed integer $r$, there exists a constant $f(r)$ such that a set of $r$-state characters $C$ has a perfect phylogeny if and only if every subset of at most $f(r)$ characters has a perfect phylogeny. In this paper, we show that this conjecture is false. In particular, we show that for any constant $t$, there exists a set $C$ of $8$-state characters such that $C$ has no perfect phylogeny, but there exists a perfect phylogeny for every subset of $t$ characters. This negative result complements the two negative results ("strikes") of Bodlaender et al. We reflect on the consequences of this third strike, pointing out that while it does close off some routes for efficient algorithm development, many others remain open.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in Systematic Biology Published by Oxford University Press
Minority Voting Factors
Creators: name: Jae-Eun  Kim
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The purpose of this study is to analyze and understand the factors that influence minority populations to vote in their particular manner. It will seek to offer a critical reevaluation of three fundamental and interlocking themes of each group’s socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and political participation factors. This research specifically seeks to understand the factors that influence Blacks, Hispanics, and Asian voters in supporting the Democratic Party over the Republican Party. It will compare and contrast the 2008 and 2012 presidential elections to understand why the voters voted the way they did. By doing so, this study will show how and why these factors play an important role in the voting behavior of Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Although there are different explanations of racial politics offered by other literature, this research is unique in the way it offers a more comprehensive method in examining the factors that influence voting patterns of the aforementioned minority groups.
Additional file 4 of Development of a theory-based intervention to increase cognitively able frail elders’ engagement with advance care planning using the behaviour change wheel
Creators: name: Combes, S.
name: Forbes, G.
name: Gillett, K.
name: Norton, C.
name: Nicholson, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Pre-intervention questionnaire.
Effects of Renormalizing the chiral SU(2) Quark-Meson-Model
Creators: name: Zacchi, Andreas
name: Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the restoration of chiral symmetry at finite temperature in the SU(2) quark meson model where the mean field approximation is compared to the renormalized version for quarks and mesons. In a combined approach at finite temperature all the renormalized versions show a crossover transition. The inclusion of different renormalization scales leave the order parameter and the mass spectra nearly untouched, but strongly influence the thermodynamics at low temperatures and around the phase transition. We find unphysical results for the renormalized version of mesons and the combined one.
Phase transition in the rich-get-richer mechanism due to finite-size effects
Creators: name: Bagrow, James P.
name: Sun, Jie
name: ben-Avraham, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rich-get-richer mechanism (agents increase their ``wealth'' randomly at a rate proportional to their holdings) is often invoked to explain the Pareto power-law distribution observed in many physical situations, such as the degree distribution of growing scale free nets. We use two different analytical approaches, as well as numerical simulations, to study the case where the number of agents is fixed and finite (but large), and the rich-get-richer mechanism is invoked a fraction r of the time (the remainder of the time wealth is disbursed by a homogeneous process). At short times, we recover the Pareto law observed for an unbounded number of agents. In later times, the (moving) distribution can be scaled to reveal a phase transition with a Gaussian asymptotic form for r < 1/2 and a Pareto-like tail (on the positive side) and a novel stretched exponential decay (on the negative side) for r > 1/2.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, code and data included with source. Update corrects typos, adds journal-ref
Additional file 5 of Development of a theory-based intervention to increase cognitively able frail elders’ engagement with advance care planning using the behaviour change wheel
Creators: name: Combes, S.
name: Forbes, G.
name: Gillett, K.
name: Norton, C.
name: Nicholson, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Post-intervention questionnaire.
Non-Hermitian noncommutative quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Santos, Jonas F. G.
name: Luiz, Fabricio. S.
name: Duarte, Oscar. S.
name: Moussa, Miled. H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a general formalism to treat non-Hermitian and noncommutative Hamiltonians. This is done employing the phase-space formalism of quantum mechanics, which allows to write a set of robust maps connecting the Hamitonians and the associated Wigner functions to the different Hilbert space structures, namely, those describing the non-Hermitian and noncommutative, Hermitian and noncommutative, and Hermitian and commutative systems. A general recipe is provided to obtain the expected values of the more general Hamiltonian. Finally, we apply our method to the harmonic oscillator under linear amplification and discuss the implications of both non-Hermitian and noncommutative effects.
Large-Angle Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies in an Open Universe
Creators: name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the Universe is open, scales larger than the curvature scale may be probed by large-angle fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We consider primordial adiabatic perturbations and discuss power spectra that are power laws in volume, wavelength, and eigenvalue of the Laplace operator. The resulting large-angle anisotropies of the CMB are computed. The amplitude generally increases as $Ω$ is decreased, but decreases as $h$ is increased. Interestingly enough, for all three ansatzes, anisotropies on angular scales larger than the curvature scale are suppressed relative to the anisotropies on scales smaller than the curvature scale. Models with $0.20.25$, while requiring that the age exceed 13 Gyr implies that $Ω>0.35$. Unlike in the flat-Universe case where the anisotropy comes only from the last-scattering term in the Sachs-Wolfe formula, large-angle anisotropies come primarily from the decay of potential fluctuations at $z<1/Ω$. Thus, if the Universe is open, COBE has been detecting fluctuations produced at moderate redshift rather than at $z\sim 1300$.
description: 30 pages in a self-unpacking uuencoded PostScript file
Quantum degenerate two-species Fermi-Fermi mixture coexisting with a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Taglieber, M.
name: Voigt, A. -C.
name: Aoki, T.
name: Hänsch, T. W.
name: Dieckmann, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the generation of a quantum degenerate Fermi-Fermi mixture of two different atomic species. The quantum degenerate mixture is realized employing sympathetic cooling of fermionic Li-6 and K-40 gases by an evaporatively cooled bosonic Rb-87 gas. We describe the combination of trapping and cooling methods that proved crucial to successfully cool the mixture. In particular, we study the last part of the cooling process and show that the efficiency of sympathetic cooling of the Li-6 gas by Rb-87 is increased by the presence of K-40 through catalytic cooling. Due to the differing physical properties of the two components, the quantum degenerate Li-6 K-40 Fermi-Fermi mixture is an excellent candidate for a stable, heteronuclear system allowing to study several so far unexplored types of quantum matter.
“Ce chatoiement linguistique” Les grands auteurs martiniquais entre langue française et langue créole
Creators: name: Sofo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Altre Modernità
Year: 2019

description: The linguistic complexity of the Caribbean context forces any literary author to choose a language (or more languages) in the very wide range offered by the Creole continuum, from Creole to the European languages that arrived on the islands through colonization. The situation of Creole in the French Antilles is particularly interesting, because it reveals the history of a denied or silenced language, at times by its own speakers, and also by the great authors of the Francophone Caribbean, as we will see analyzing the relationship with Creole and French of authors of different generations, from Césaire and Glissant to Confiant and Chamoiseau. Instead of judging these authors and their linguistic choices, this article will focus on a reading of their complex and sometimes ambiguous relationship with these two languages, and on the influence that this has had on the birth of a literature in Creole in Martinique. Reading this relationship through their interviews, with the characteristic immediacy and spontaneity of this genre, will help us to read an unstable thought, revealing not only the results of their reflection on the possibilities of a single language, but above all the possibility of using this history of oppression as a starting point for a new perception of the role that any language can play in Caribbean literary creation.
description: Altre Modernità, N. 22 (2019): Disrespected Literatures: Histories and Reversal of Linguistic Oppression
Experimental Realisation of a π/2 Vortex Mode Converter for Electrons Using a Spherical Aberration Corrector
Creators: name: Schachinger, T.
name: Hartel, P.
name: Lu, P. -H.
name: Löffler, S.
name: Obermair, M.
name: Dries, M.
name: Gerthsen, D.
name: Dunin-Borkowski, R. E.
name: Schattschneider, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light optics, beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be produced by employing a properly-tuned two-cylinder-lens arrangement, also called $π$/2 mode converter. It is not possible to convey this concept directly to the beam in an electron microscope due to the non-existence of cylinder lenses in commercial transmission electron microscope (TEM). A viable work-around are readily-available electron optical elements in the form of quadrupole lenses. In a proof-of-principle experiment in 2012, it has been shown that a single quadrupole in combination with a Hilbert phase plate produces a spatially-confined, transient vortex mode. Here, an analogue to an optical $π$/2 mode converter is realized by repurposing a CEOS DCOR probe corrector in an aberration corrected TEM in a way that it resembles a dual cylinder lens using two quadrupoles. In order to verify the presence of OAM in the output beam, a fork dislocation grating is used as an OAM analyser. The possibility to use magnetic quadrupole fields instead of, e.g., prefabricated fork dislocation gratings to produce electron beams carrying OAM enhances the beam brightness by almost an order of magnitude and delivers switchable high-mode purity vortex beams without unwanted side-bands.
In Conversation with Velma Pollard
Creators: name: Bertacco, Simona
Publisher: name: Altre Modernità
Year: 2019

description: In Conversation with Velma Pollard (Spring 2018) by Simona Bertacco
description: Altre Modernità, N. 22 (2019): Disrespected Literatures: Histories and Reversal of Linguistic Oppression
Minority on Minority Discrimination: Impact of Majority Social Norm Perception
Creators: name: Chen, Christine
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Most of the research on prejudice has focused on majority discrimination of minority group members, but few have investigated minority to minority prejudice. This experiment studied minority group member discrimination against members of other minority groups when asked to perform activities with a group composed of either all racial majority (White) individuals, all racial minority individuals of the participant’s own race, or an equal mix of White and racial minority individuals. It was expected that participants would be less likely to evaluate another racial minority group member favorably when in the presence of a White group than in any of the other conditions (mixed group or racial minority group). However, no significant interaction was found between group composition and job applicant race with regards to competence measurements. Instead, there was an interaction between gender and group composition on the competency ratings as well as a correlation between gender and competence evaluation. The findings of this study could help explain the existence and occurrence of minority to minority discrimination; specifically, how the perception of social norms and the environment play a role in discrimination among minorities.
Collisions with Black Holes and Deconfined Plasmas
Creators: name: Amsel, Aaron J.
name: Marolf, Donald
name: Virmani, Amitabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use AdS/CFT to investigate i) high energy collisions with balls of deconfined plasma surrounded by a confining phase and ii) the rapid localized heating of a deconfined plasma. Both of these processes are dual to collisions with black holes, where they result in the nucleation of a new "arm" of the horizon reaching out in the direction of the incident object. We study the resulting non-equilibrium dynamics in a universal limit of the gravitational physics which may indicate universal behavior of deconfined plasmas at large N_c. Process (i) produces "virtual" arms of the plasma ball, while process (ii) can nucleate surprisingly large bubbles of a higher temperature phase.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Period-Luminosity Relations of Variable Red Giant Stars
Creators: name: Soszynski, I.
name: Dziembowski, W. A.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Kubiak, M.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Szewczyk, O.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Period-luminosity (PL) relations of variable red giants in the Large (LMC) and Small Magellanic Clouds (SMC) are presented. The PL diagrams are plotted in three planes: logP-K_S, logP-W_{JK}, and logP-W_I. Fourteen PL sequences are distinguishable, and some of them consist of three closely spaced ridges. Each of the sequences is fitted with a linear or quadratic function. The similarities and differences between the PL relations in both galaxies are discussed for four types of red giant variability: OGLE Small Amplitude Red Giants (OSARGs), Miras and Semiregular Variables (SRVs), Long Secondary Periods (LSPs) and ellipsoidal variables. We propose a new method of separating OSARGs from non-variable stars and SRVs. The method employs the position in the reddening-free PL diagrams and the characteristic period ratios of these multiperiodic variables. The PL relations for the LMC OSARG are compared with the calculated relations for RGB models along isochrones of relevant ages and metallicities. We also compare measured periods and amplitudes of the OSARGs with predictions based on the relations valid for less luminous solar-like pulsators. Miras and SRVs seem to follow PL relation of the same slopes in the LMC and SMC, while for LSP and ellipsoidal variables slopes in both galaxies are different. The PL sequences defined by LSP variables and binary systems overlap in the whole range of analyzed wavebands. We put forward new arguments for the binary star scenario as an explanation of the LSP variability and elaborate on it further. The measured pulsation to orbital period ratio implies nearly constant ratio of the star radius to orbital distance, R/A=0.4, as we find. Combined effect of tidal friction and mass loss enhanced by the low-mass companion may explain why such a value is preferred.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Superradiant Quantum Materials
Creators: name: Mazza, Giacomo
name: Georges, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is currently great interest in the strong coupling between the quantized photon field of a cavity and electronic or other degrees of freedom in materials. A major goal is the creation of novel collective states entangling photons with those degrees of freedom. Here we show that the cooperative effect between strong electron interactions in quantum materials and the long-range correlations induced by the photon field leads to the stabilization of coherent phases of light and matter. By studying a two-band model of interacting electrons coupled to a cavity field, we show that a phase characterized by the simultaneous condensation of excitons and photon superradiance can be realized, hence stabilizing and intertwining two collective phenomena which are rather elusive in the absence of this cooperative effect.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Cross-cultural linguistic adaptation and development of three alternate forms of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test to the Brazilian context: The role of word familiarity
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Nicolle
name: Guinle, Victoria
name: Pontes, Monique Castro
name: Delaere, François Jean
name: Fonseca, Rochele Paz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: In spite of its importance, studies presenting detailed development procedures of alternate forms of verbal memory paradigms remains limited and unclear in terms of word selection criteria, while failing to consider word familiarity factors, despite its crucial role on episodic memory retrieval and encoding mechanisms. The present study aims to present the cross-cultural linguistic adaptation and development procedures of alternate forms of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test to the Brazilian context (FCSRT) based on word familiarity. After translation and backtranslation procedures, 231 new words were gathered and underwent a step-by-step familiarity analysis. Initially, overall familiarity feel of each word was assessed through the Familiarity Form (FF) during phase 1, and exposure frequency to words were later assessed through the Familiarity Questionnaire (FQ) completed by healthy controls during phase 2 with the remaining words considered ambiguous in terms of familiarity. Three alternate forms of the FCRST were then developed and assessed in terms of familiarity by the FQ during phase 3, and later administered in healthy control groups during phase 4. Repeated measures analysis revealed no significant differences in terms of familiarity and memory performance among the developed forms. Limitations are discussed, and recommendations are offered for future studies.
title: Chandra Observations of the Bursting X-Ray Transient SAX J1747.0–2853 during Low-Level Accretion Activity
Creators: name: Wijnands, R
name: Miller, JM
name: Wang, QD
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: accretion
subject: accretion disks; stars: individual (SAX J1747.0–2853); stars: neutron; X-rays: stars
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/579/1/422/
description: We present Chandra/ACIS observations of the bursting X-ray transient SAX J1747.0-2853 performed on 2001 July 18. We detected a bright source at the position of R.A. = 17h47m02.s60 and decl. = -28°52'589 (J2000.0, with a 1 σ error of ~07), consistent with the BeppoSAX and ASCA positions of SAX J1747.0-2853 and with the Ariel V position of the transient GX +0.2-0.2, which was active during the 1970s. The 0.5-10 keV luminosity of the source during our observations was ~ 3 × 1035 ergs s-1 (assuming a distance of 9 kpc), demonstrating that the source was in a low-level accretion state. We also report on the long-term light curve of the source as observed with the all-sky monitor on board the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. After the initial 1998 outburst, two more outbursts (in 2000 and 2001) were detected with peak luminosities about 2 orders of magnitude larger than our Chandra luminosity. Our Chandra observation falls between those two outbursts, making the outburst history for SAX J1747.0-2853 complex. Those bright 2000 and 2001 outbursts, combined with the likely extended period of low-level activity between those outbursts, strongly suggest that the classification of SAX J1747.0-2853 as a faint X-ray transient was premature. It might be possible that the other faint X-ray transients can also exhibit bright, extended outbursts that would eliminate the need for a separate subclass of X-ray transients. We discuss our results also in the context of the behavior of X-ray binaries accreting at low levels with luminosities around 1035 ergs s-1, a poorly studied accretion rate regime.
Topological Classification of Odd-Parity Sphaleron Deformations
Creators: name: Axenides, Minos
name: Johansen, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss topological aspects of the electroweak sphaleron and its odd-parity deformations. We demonstrate that they are uniquely classified in terms of their odd and even-parity pure gauge field behaviour at spatial infinity. Fermion level crossing occurs only for odd-parity configurations which are topologically disconnected from the vacuum. They contribute to the high temperature unsuppressed baryon violating thermal transitions. Deformations with even-parity pure gauge behaviour at spatial infinity are topologically trivial and do not mediate baryon number violation in the early Universe.
description: 14 pages, latex, NBI-HE-93-74. More extended arguments and concrete examples, 3 figures added
Birth defects associated with paternal firefighting in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Creators: name: Hollerbach, B.S.
name: Rocheleau, C.M.
name: Omari, A.
name: Jahnke, S.A.
name: Almli, L.M.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: National Birth Defects Prevention Study
name: Siegel, M.R.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2023

description: Background: Few studies have evaluated birth defects among children of firefighters. We investigated associations between birth defects and paternal work as a firefighter compared to work in non-firefighting and police officer occupations. Methods: We analyzed 1997–2011 data from the multi-site case-control National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Cases included fetuses or infants with major structural birth defects and controls included a random sample of live-born infants without major birth defects. Mothers of infants self-reported information about parents' occupations held during pregnancy. We investigated associations between paternal firefighting and birth defect groups using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Referent groups included families reporting fathers working non-firefighting and police officer jobs. Results: Occupational groups included 227 firefighters, 36,285 non-firefighters, and 433 police officers. Twenty-nine birth defects were analyzed. In adjusted analyses, fathers of children with total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR; OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.1–8.7), cleft palate (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.0–3.3), cleft lip (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.2–4.2), and transverse limb deficiency (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1–4.7) were more likely than fathers of controls to be firefighters, versus non-firefighters. In police-referent analyses, fathers of children with cleft palate were 2.4 times more likely to be firefighters than fathers of controls (95% CI = 1.1–5.4). Conclusions: Paternal firefighting may be associated with an elevated risk of birth defects in offspring. Additional studies are warranted to replicate these findings. Further research may contribute to a greater understanding of the reproductive health of firefighters and their families for guiding workplace practices.
“La casa del missionario è la Cordigliera”. Cammini inculturati di resistenza dalle Ande colombiane.
Creators: name: Ferrari, Simone
Publisher: name: Altre Modernità
Year: 2019

description: “La casa del missionario è la Cordigliera”. Cammini inculturati di resistenza dalle Ande colombiane. Una conversazione con Ezio Roattino (30 aprile 2019) di Simone Ferrari
description: Altre Modernità, N. 22 (2019): Disrespected Literatures: Histories and Reversal of Linguistic Oppression
A Self-Consistent Approach to Neutral-Current Processes in Supernova Cores
Creators: name: Raffelt, Georg
name: Seckel, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of neutral-current processes (neutrino scattering, pair emission, pair absorption, axion emission, \etc) in a nuclear medium can be separated into an expression representing the phase space of the weakly interacting probe, and a set of dynamic structure functions of the medium. For a non-relativistic medium we reduce the description to two structure functions $S_A(ø)$ and $S_V(ø)$ of the energy transfer, representing the axial-vector and vector interactions. $S_V$ is well determined by the single-nucleon approximation while $S_A$ may be dominated by multiply interacting nucleons. Unless the shape of $S_A(ø)$ changes dramatically at high densities, scattering processes always dominate over pair processes for neutrino transport or the emission of right-handed states. Because the emission of right-handed neutrinos and axions is controlled by the same medium response functions, a consistent constraint on their properties from consideration of supernova cooling should use the same structure functions for both neutrino transport and exotic cooling mechanisms.
description: 33 pages, Tex
Additional file 6 of Development of a theory-based intervention to increase cognitively able frail elders’ engagement with advance care planning using the behaviour change wheel
Creators: name: Combes, S.
name: Forbes, G.
name: Gillett, K.
name: Norton, C.
name: Nicholson, C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Focus group discussion guide.
Relating boundary and interior solutions of the cohomological equation for cocycles by isometries of negatively curved spaces. The Livsic case
Creators: name: Moraga, Alexis
name: Ponce, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37H05, 37H15, 37A20

description: We consider the reducibility problem of cocycles by isometries of Gromov hyperbolic metric spaces in the Livsic setting. We show that provided that the boundary cocycle (that acts on a compact space) is reducible in a suitable Hölder class, then the original cocycle by isometries (that acts on an unbounded space) is also reducible.
Discrimination between Precancerous Gastric Lesions and Gastritis Using a Gastric Cancer Risk Stratification Model
Creators: name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Olshan, A.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Epplein, M.
name: Lin, F.-C.
name: You, W.
name: Pan, K.
name: Murphy, J.D.
name: Butt, J.
Publisher: name: Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
Year: 2023

description: Background: Seropositivity to certain Helicobacter pylori proteins may affect development of gastric lesions that could become cancerous. Previously, we developed a model of gastric cancer risk including gender, age, HP0305 seropositivity, HP1564 sero-positivity, UreA antibody titer and serologically defined chronic atrophic gastritis (termed: “Lasso model”). Methods: We evaluated the Lasso model’s ability to discriminate individuals with precancerous gastric lesions (n=320) from individuals with superficial or mild atrophic gastritis (n=226) in Linqu County, China, a population at high risk for gastric cancer. We also compared its performance to the ABC Method, a gastric cancer risk stratification tool currently used in East Asia. Results: For distinguishing precancerous lesions from those with gastritis, the receiver operating characteristic curve had an area under the curve (AUC) of 73.41% (95% CI: 69.10%, 77.71%) and, at Youden’s Index, a sensitivity of 78.44% (59.38%, 82.50%) and specificity of 64.72% (95% CI: 58.85%, 81.42%). Positive predictive value (PPV) was 75.38% (72.78%, 82.51%). Specificity, AUC and PPV were significantly greater (p < 0.05) than those of the ABC Method. When specificity was held constant, the Lasso model had greater sensitivity, PPV and negative predictive value (NPV) than the ABC Method. However, adjusting the ABC Method for age and gender negated the Lasso model’s significant improvement in AUC. Conclusions: The Lasso model for gastric cancer risk prediction can classify precancerous lesions with significantly greater AUC than the ABC Method and, at constant specificity, with greater sensitivity, PPV and NPV. However, adding age and gender to the ABC Method, as included in the Lasso model, substantially improved its performance and negated the Lasso model’s advantage
Mindfulness Meditation Training and Stress Reactivity: Behavioral Emotion Regulation Mechanisms
Creators: name: Jae-Won  Kim
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: It has been proposed that dispositional mindfulness and mindfulness meditation training helps individuals become more attentive and aware of their inner processes and behavior. Yet we know very little about how mindfulness training reduces stress and the underlying mechanisms for these effects. The present study investigated several mechanisms of mindfulness and stress reduction by conducting secondary data analyses on 3-day mindfulness training study that included a Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) stress reactivity session after the 3-day training. This previous study showed that brief mindfulness meditation training reduced psychological stress reactivity while increasing salivary cortisol to the TSST. In the present study, we coded behavioral emotion regulation responses (via recorded videos) to the TSST. We tested two competing accounts for how dispositional mindfulness and mindfulness training affect stress reactivity, comparing emotional reactivity (showing less negative affect) and emotional expression (showing less emotional suppression). Results supported the emotion expression account, a significant training condition × dispositional mindfulness interaction on anger to the TSST was observed (β = 1.703, t(61) = 1.941, p = .057). Specifically, participants higher in dispositional mindfulness, who had also received mindfulness training had the greatest response to the TSST. We also tested for other behavioral accounts, including anxiety, confidence, and overall speech rating, but did not find any significant effects for mindfulness training, dispositional mindfulness, and their interaction. We conclude that mindfulness meditation training fosters greater emotion-focused coping efforts through emotional expression, which can help buffer stress.
Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Convolutional Coding
Creators: name: Wilde, Mark M.
name: Brun, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how to protect a stream of quantum information from decoherence induced by a noisy quantum communication channel. We exploit preshared entanglement and a convolutional coding structure to develop a theory of entanglement-assisted quantum convolutional coding. Our construction produces a Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) entanglement-assisted quantum convolutional code from two arbitrary classical binary convolutional codes. The rate and error-correcting properties of the classical convolutional codes directly determine the corresponding properties of the resulting entanglement-assisted quantum convolutional code. We explain how to encode our CSS entanglement-assisted quantum convolutional codes starting from a stream of information qubits, ancilla qubits, and shared entangled bits.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Postcolonial Literatures as Disrespected Literatures?
Creators: name: Bertacco, Simona
Publisher: name: Altre Modernità
Year: 2019

description: This essay focuses on the challenges as well as the joys of reading postcolonial literary texts that are composed and printed in multiple, alternating languages. What postcolonial texts make manifest through their syntax, vocabulary, and style is the wide array of creative expression that the simultaneous presence of multiple languages makes available to the writer. A literary analysis able to appreciate this creative potential is in order if we want to go beyond an outdated understanding of literature and its forms. It is in fact in the act of reading that a lot of the disrespect surrounding postcolonial literature manifests itself. Caribbean literature marks an ideal place to start exploring the possibilities of a postcolonial literary analysis. A region “once deemed the antithesis of civilization” has become one of the most creative laboratories of verbal art, both written and oral, thanks to its radical creolization of the colonial languages. In the second part of my essay, I will present a model of literary analysis that uses as its crucial categories those coming from the traditionally disrespected language of the region: Creole.
description: Altre Modernità, N. 22 (2019): Disrespected Literatures: Histories and Reversal of Linguistic Oppression
Mediation Analysis: Expanding From One Mediator to Multiple Mediators
Creators: name: Boone, Brittanie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 10404 Probability Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: Mediation analysis is the process of determining whether or not variables acting as an in-between step, called mediators, are present when looking at the relationship between an independent variable X and a dependent variable Y. An educational study was proposed to analyze the effect of different classroom environments on students performance. This study also measured if the student is on-task or off-task, and if off-task what type of distraction is the student distracted by. It is believed that the particular types of distractions are the mediators and act as an in-between step between the type of classroom environment and how well the students perform. This is what motivated the idea of multiple mediators and the question of how to deal with them. However, previous research that has been done has only looked at single mediators. My research is based on the Product of Coefficients approach (Sobel, 1982). Multiple mediators were analyzed separately or used principal component analysis. Simulated data was used to determine how well these tactics accurately detect mediation. It appears that detecting mediation when there are multiple mediators present is very feasible, and this paper will show the results of this analysis. Finally, this paper also compiled the functions into a statistical package in R, making it easier to analyze data with multiple mediators.
Additional file 1 of Clinical and therapeutic features and prognostic factors of metastatic colorectal cancer over age 80: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Hisada, Hiroyuki
name: Takahashi, Yu
name: Kubota, Manabu
name: Shimura, Haruhisa
name: Itobayashi, Ei
name: Shimura, Kenji
name: Nakamura, Akira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1: Flowchart of the inclusion and exclusion of patients in the study
Hypothesis testing of scientific Monte Carlo calculations
Creators: name: Wallerberger, Markus
name: Gull, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steadily increasing size of scientific Monte Carlo simulations and the desire for robust, correct, and reproducible results necessitates rigorous testing procedures for scientific simulations in order to detect numerical problems and programming bugs. However, the testing paradigms developed for deterministic algorithms have proven to be ill suited for stochastic algorithms. In this paper we demonstrate explicitly how the technique of statistical hypothesis testing, which is in wide use in other fields of science, can be used to devise automatic and reliable tests for Monte Carlo methods, and we show that these tests are able to detect some of the common problems encountered in stochastic scientific simulations. We argue that hypothesis testing should become part of the standard testing toolkit for scientific simulations.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Codes and data available at https://github.com/CQMP/HypothesisTesting
Differences in the microbial profiles of early stage endometrial cancers between Black and White women
Creators: name: Hawkins, G.M.
name: Roach, J.
name: McCoy, A.N.
name: Burkett, W.C.
name: Bae-Jump, V.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Keku, T.O.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Merker, J.D.
name: Broaddus, R.
name: Brewster, W.R.
name: Weissman, B.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Objective: Black women suffer a higher mortality from endometrial cancer (EC) than White women. Potential biological causes for this disparity include a higher prevalence of obesity and more lethal histologic/molecular subtypes. We hypothesize that another biological factor driving this racial disparity could be the EC microbiome. Methods: Banked tumor specimens of postmenopausal, Black and White women undergoing hysterectomy for early stage endometrioid EC were identified. The microbiota of the tumors were characterized by bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing. The microbial component of endometrioid ECs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were assessed for comparison. Results: 95 early stage ECs were evaluated: 23 Black (24%) and 72 White (76%). Microbial diversity was increased (p < 0.001), and Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria and OD1 phyla abundance was higher in tumors from Black versus White women (p < 0.001). Genus level abundance of Dietzia and Geobacillus were found to be lower in tumors of obese Black versus obese White women (p < 0.001). Analysis of early stage ECs in TCGA found that microbial diversity was higher in ECs from Black versus White women (p < 0.05). When comparing ECs from obese Black versus obese White women, 5 bacteria distributions were distinct, with higher abundance of Lactobacillus acidophilus in ECs from Black women being the most striking difference. Similarly in TCGA, Dietzia and Geobacillus were more common in ECs from White women compared to Black. Conclusion: Increased microbial diversity and the distinct microbial profiles between ECs of obese Black versus obese White women suggests that intra-tumoral bacteria may contribute to EC disparities and pathogenesis.
Boundary curvature guided shape-programming kirigami sheets
Creators: name: Hong, Yaoye
name: Chi, Yinding
name: Li, Yanbin
name: Zhu, Yong
name: Yin, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kirigami, an ancient paper cutting art, offers a promising strategy for 2D-to-3D shape morphing through cut-guided deformation. Existing kirigami designs for target 3D curved shapes rely on intricate cut patterns in thin sheets, making the inverse design challenging. Motivated by the Gauss-Bonnet theorem that correlates the geodesic curvature along the boundary with the topological Gaussian curvature, here, we exploit programming the curvature of cut boundaries rather than complex cut patterns in kirigami sheets for target 3D curved topologies through both forward and inverse designs. Such a new strategy largely simplifies the inverse design. We demonstrate the achievement of varieties of dynamic 3D shape shifting under both mechanical stretching and remote magnetic actuation, and its potential application as an untethered predator-like kirigami soft robot. This study opens a new avenue to encode boundary curvatures for shape-programing materials with potential applications in shape-morphing structures, soft robots, and multifunctional devices.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
On sphaleron deformations induced by Yukawa interactions
Creators: name: Axenides, M.
name: Johansen, A.
name: Nielsen, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the presence of the chiral anomaly sphalerons with Chern-Simons number a half (CS=1/2) are the only static configurations that allow for a fermion level crossing in the two-dimensional Abelian-Higgs model with massless fermions, i.e. in the absence of Yukawa interactions. In the presence of fermion-Higgs interactions we demonstrate the existence of zero energy solutions to the one-dimensional Dirac equation at deformed sphalerons with CS$\neq 1/2 .$ Induced level crossing due to Yukawa interactions illustrates a non-trivial generalization of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem and of the equivalence between parity anomaly in odd and the chiral anomaly in even dimensions. We discuss a subtle manifestation of this effect in the standard electroweak theory at finite temperatures.
description: 14 pages, Latex, NBI-HE-93-75
Goldstone Bosons and Global Strings in a Warped Resolved Conifold
Creators: name: Klebanov, I. R.
name: Murugan, A.
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, D.
name: Ward, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A warped resolved conifold background of type IIB theory, constructed in hep-th/0701064, is dual to the supersymmetric $SU(N)\times SU(N)$ gauge theory with a vacuum expectation value (VEV) for one of the bifundamental chiral superfields. This VEV breaks both the superconformal invariance and the baryonic symmetry. The absolute value of the VEV controls the resolution parameter of the conifold. In this paper we study the phase of the VEV, which corresponds to the Goldstone boson of the broken symmetry. We explicitly construct the linearized perturbation of the 4-form R-R potential that contains the Goldstone boson. On general grounds, the theory should contain global strings which create a monodromy of the pseudoscalar Goldstone boson field. We identify these strings with the $D3$-branes wrapping the two-cycle at the tip of the warped resolved conifold.
description: 15 pages, no figures