cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Biofunctional Activities of Equisetum ramosissimum Extract: Protective Effects against Oxidation, Melanoma, and Melanogenesis
Creators: name: Chang, Yaw-Nan
name: Chiu, Chien Chih
name: Chiu, Yu-Pin
name: Ma, Dik-Lung
name: Huang, Shu-Hung
name: Shih, Chieh-Chih
name: Leung, Chung-Hang
name: Ibeto, Laura Kaodichi
name: Wang, Hui-Min David
name: Wen, Zhi-Hong
name: Li, Pin-Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Equisetum ramosissimum, a genus of Equisetaceae, is a medicinal plant that can be separated into ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane (DM), n-hexane (Hex), methanol (MeOH), and water extracts. EA extract was known to have potent antioxidative properties, reducing power, DPPH scavenging activity, and metal ion chelating activity. This study compared these five extracts in terms of their inhibiting effects on three human malignant melanomas: A375, A375.S2, and A2058. MTT assay presented the notion that both EA and DM extracts inhibited melanoma growth but did not affect the viabilities of normal dermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) or fibroblasts. Western blot analyses showed that both EA and DM extracts induced overexpression of caspase proteins in all three melanomas. To determine their roles in melanogenesis, this study analyzed their in vitro suppressive effects on mushroom tyrosinase. All extracts except for water revealed moderate suppressive effects. None of the extracts affected B16-F10 cells proliferation. EA extract inhibited cellular melanin production whereas DM extract unexpectedly enhanced cellular pigmentation in B16-F10 cells. Data for modulations of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1, and tyrosinase-related protein 2 showed that EA extract inhibited protein expression mentioned above whereas DM extract had the opposite effect. Overall, the experiments indicated that the biofunctional activities of EA extract contained in food and cosmetics protect against oxidation, melanoma, and melanin production.
title: Fenêtres à doubles-vitres scellées à l'usine
Creators: name: Solvason, K. R.
name: Wilson, A. G.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Division des recherches en construction
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Moisture performance
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0392
subject: Performance hygrométrique
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0392
subject: sealed glazing units
subject: double vitre scellées
subject: surface condensation
subject: condensation superficielle
subject: breakage
subject: rupture (fracture)
subject: windows
subject: fenêtre

description: Les températures de surface intérieure aux bords des fenêtres à doubles-vitres scellées sont plus basses que celles d' un grand nombre de doubles fenêtres classiques et les humidités des bâtiments qui peuvent être acceptables sans condensation excessive sur ces surfaces sont en conséquence plus basses. Elles doivent être scellées initialement avec de l'air sec entre les vitres et en dépit des efforts imposés par les conditions de service elles doivent retenir le joint durant toute leur période de service. Les fenêtres peuvent donner lieu à des inconvénients par brisure ou par condensation et par les dépôts résultant d'un gain d' humidité excessif. Par contre, les fenêtres à vitres scellées présentent des avantages du fait qu'elles éliminent les doubles fenêtres rajoutées qu'elles réduisent à deux les surfaces devant être nettoyées et qu'elles empêchent la condensation entre les vitres. Leurs avantages peuvent souvent compenser les inconvénients qui peuvent résulter de leur emploi.
Metador: A metadata-centric framework for enabling FAIR research (meta)data handling
Creators: name: Pirogov, Anton
name: Soylu, Mustafa
name: D'Mello, Fiona
name: Hofmann, Volker
name: Sandfeld, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR
metadata
Python
framework

description: To be sustainable and useful, scientific data should be FAIR. These goals can only be achieved by definition and adoption of metadata standards and implementation of tools and services that support these standards. Unfortunately, the diversity of needs with respect to scientific (meta)data leads to a large gap between the scope and pace of large-scale standardization efforts and the day-to-day work of domain researchers. This poster gives an overview of Metador - a metadata-centered framework emphasizing the I and R in FAIR. With Metador we try to address these issues using an incremental, bottom-up approach. It is based on a lightweight technical meta-standard for packaging JSON-serialized metadata objects alongside the research data in archives, a simple API implementing this standard, and a plugin-based metadata schema system. On top of this, it provides automatic generation of dashboards for compatible data archives that can be embedded in different settings. To showcase the versatility of the framework, we recently implemented the dashboard functionality of Metador as a general-purpose InvenioRDM extension. In future work, we plan to extend this integration to enable improved metadata-driven search capabilities, powered by the dynamic Metador metadata schema system, as well as integrating use cases demonstrating how the framework can be applied to satisfy concrete metadata needs for research data handling.
description: {"references": ["https://github.com/Materials-Data-Science-and-Informatics/metador-core"]}
Generating $θ_{13}$ from sterile neutrinos in $μ- τ$ symmetric models
Creators: name: Rivera-Agudelo, Diana C.
name: Pérez-Lorenzana, Abdel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The smallness of the $θ_{13}$ mixing angle as observed in neutrino oscillation experiments can be understood through an approximated $μ- τ$ exchange symmetry in the neutrino mass matrix. Using recent oscillation neutrino data, but assuming no \textit{CP} violation, we study $μ-τ$ breaking parameter space to establish the conditions under which such a breaking could have a perturbative origin. According to the so-obtained conditions, we suggest that a sterile neutrino, matching LSND/MiniBooNE neutrino oscillation results, could provide the necessary ingredients to properly fix atmospheric and $θ_{13}$ mixing angles to observable values, without exceeding the sterile neutrino fraction bound in solar oscillations. In such a scenario, we analyze the general effect of a fourth neutrino on the prediction for the effective $m_{ee}$ majorana mass parameter.
description: Version accepted for publication in PRD, 19 pages, 5 figures, references added
Maternal Dietary Patterns are Associated with Lower Levels of Cardiometabolic Markers during Pregnancy
Creators: name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Robinson, Whitney R.
name: Martin, Chantel L.
name: Perrin, Eliana M.
name: Stuebe, Alison M.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Elevated levels of cardiometabolic markers are characteristic of normal pregnancy; however, insulin resistance and increased glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels can adversely influence maternal and child health. Diet is a modifiable behavior that could have significant impact on maternal cardiometabolic levels during pregnancy. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic markers (glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, and cholesterol) during pregnancy.
Structural and optical properties of self-assembled AlN nanowires grown on SiO2/Si substrates by molecular beam epitaxy
Creators: name: Gačević, Ž.
name: Grandal, J.
name: Guo, Q.
name: Kirste, R.
name: Varela, M.
name: Sitar, Z.
name: García, M. A. Sánchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self assembled AlN nanowires (NWs) are grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE) on SiO2 / Si (111) substrates. Using a combination of in-situ reflective high energy electron diffraction and ex situ X ray diffraction (XRD), we show that the NWs grow nearly strain free, preferentially perpendicular to the amorphous SiO2 interlayer and without epitaxial relationship to Si(111) substrate, as expected. Scanning electron microscopy investigation reveals significant NWs coalescence, which results in their progressively increasing diameter and formation of columnar structures with non hexagonal cross section. Making use of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), the NWs initial diameters are found in the 20 to 30 nm range. In addition, the formation of a thin (30 nm) polycrystalline AlN layer is observed on the substrate surface. Regarding the structural quality of the AlN NWs, STEM measurements reveal the formation of extended columnar regions, which grow with a virtually perfect metal-polarity wurtzite arrangement and with extended defects only sporadically observed. Combination of STEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) reveals the formation of continuous aluminum oxide (1 to 2 nm) on the NW surface. Low temperature photoluminescence measurements reveal a single near band edge (NBE) emission peak, positioned at 6.03 eV (at 2 K), a value consistent with nearly zero NW strain evidenced by XRD and in agreement with the values obtained on AlN bulk layers synthesized by other growth techniques. The significant full width at half maximum of NBE emission, found at 20 meV (at 2 K), suggests that free and bound excitons are mixed together within this single emission band.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
title: Exigences pour les murs extérieurs
Creators: name: Hutcheon, N. B.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Division des recherches en construction
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Walls
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0380
subject: Murs
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0380
subject: external envelopes
subject: enveloppe (bâtiment)
subject: walls
subject: mur

description: Des murs durables peuvent être réalisés si l'on choisit judicieusement les matériaux pour qu'ils correspondent au milieu, si l'on modifie le milieu pour qu'il convienne aux matériaux disponibles ou si l'on fait un compromis entre les deux méthodes. Pour réussir, cependant, il faut bien connaî tre les propriétés intrinsèques des matériaux et les phénomènes qui se passent à l'intérieur des murs.
Wandering quarter, Leucadendron laureolum, site 3418BD
Creators: name: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre
Leucadendron laureolum

description: This is a scanned copy of a document on wandering quarter, Leucadendron laureolum, site 3418BD. The Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center (part of the former South African Forestry Research Institute) was established in 1935 at Jonkershoek, near Stellenbosch, under the directorship of Dr C. L. Wicht. The initial aim was to determine how forestry activities in state plantations would affect climate, water conservation and erosion, and was later expanded to include studies of fynbos ecology, fire and alien species. Studies from the 1930s to the early 1990s saw the accumulation of a large amount of data dealing with fire experiments, detailed vegetation plot surveys, rare plant surveys and ecological studies, hydrological studies and the development of management plans for catchments around the Western Cape. SAEON now houses the archive of data collected by the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center, which was originally held by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
High Spatio-temporal Resolution Noninvasive Neuroimaging using Diffuse Optical Tomography and Electroencephalography
Creators: name: Cao, Jiaming
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: Neuroscience

description: Neuroimaging is of great importance in both clinical and neuroscientific applications such as disease diagnosis, functional mapping of the brain, etc., and for many of them, e.g. localization of the epileptic foci, requires both spatial and temporal resolution to be high. While it is desirable to image the brain noninvasively using techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG) and diffuse optics, they usually have limited resolution, either spatially or temporally, making them insufficient for such purposes when used alone. The aim of this thesis is to show the possibility of noninvasive measurement of neuronal activity with high spatio-temporal resolution by combining the information of complementary modalities. In this thesis, two modalities, namely EEG and diffuse optical tomography (DOT), are considered, with the former measuring the electrical activity and the latter measuring the hemodynamic activity of the brain. Based on the assumption of intact neurovascular coupling, or specifically, that neuronal activity and hemodynamic changes are closely coupled both spatially and temporally, I show that the high temporal resolution of EEG and the high spatial resolution (that is, in comparison to EEG) of DOT can be combined to obtain a high spatio-temporal reconstruction of the brain activity. The proposed method relies on two important assumptions: experimentally, sufficient spatial sampling of the brain through scalp measurements, and theoretically, a healthy neurovascular coupling assumption. To ensure that the first assumption holds, the thesis proposes an algorithm for optimized placement of EEG electrodes and DOT optodes given a certain region of interest, which can also be applied to many general sensor selection problems of underdetermined systems. To study the impact of pathological neurovascular coupling on hemodynamics and the mechanisms therein, in this thesis, I also propose a mathematical model which covers the entire neurovascular signal chain from neurons to arterioles, and demonstrate its applicability using cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) as an example. Overall, this thesis offers a novel method for high spatio-temporal resolution brain activity reconstruction by integrating the information from simultaneously recorded EEG and DOT when neurovascular coupling is intact, and also an algorithm for the optimized placement of optodes to ensure good spatial accuracy. Further, a mathematical model of neurovascular coupling is proposed to study the mechanisms and the impacts on the hemodynamic recordings in pathological conditions.
Stratification survey, Kogelberg, KBE 08
Creators: name: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre
Stratification survey
Kogelberg

description: This is a scanned copy of a stratification survey, Kogelberg, KBE 08. The Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center (part of the former South African Forestry Research Institute) was established in 1935 at Jonkershoek, near Stellenbosch, under the directorship of Dr C. L. Wicht. The initial aim was to determine how forestry activities in state plantations would affect climate, water conservation and erosion, and was later expanded to include studies of fynbos ecology, fire and alien species. Studies from the 1930s to the early 1990s saw the accumulation of a large amount of data dealing with fire experiments, detailed vegetation plot surveys, rare plant surveys and ecological studies, hydrological studies and the development of management plans for catchments around the Western Cape. SAEON now houses the archive of data collected by the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center, which was originally held by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations during Pregnancy and Infant Birthweight for Gestational Age: a Three-Cohort Study: Maternal vitamin D and infant birthweight for gestational age
Creators: name: Dole, Nancy
name: Siega-Riz, Anna M.
name: Williams, Michelle A.
name: Ferre, Cynthia D.
name: Tian, Yan
name: Holzman, Claudia
name: Enquobahrie, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In response to inconsistent findings, we investigated associations between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and infant birthweight for gestational age (BW/GA), including potential effect modification by maternal race/ethnicity and infant sex.
On K-stability and the volume functions of $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano varieties
Creators: name: Fujita, Kento
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45, 14L24

description: We introduce a new effective stability named "divisorial stability" for Fano manifolds which is weaker than K-stability and is stronger than slope stability along divisors. We show that we can test divisorial stability via the volume function. As a corollary, we prove that the first coordinate of the barycenter of the Okounkov body of the anticanonical divisor is not bigger than one for any Kähler-Einstein Fano manifold. In particular, for toric Fano manifolds, the existence of Kähler-Einstein metrics is equivalent to divisorial semistability. Moreover, we find many non-Kähler-Einstein Fano manifolds of dimension three.
description: 36 pages
title: Principles of foundation design
Creators: name: Legget, R. F.
name: Crawford, C. B.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division of Building Research
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Basements and foundations
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0320
subject: Sous-sol et fondations
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0320
subject: foundations
subject: fondation (ouvrage)
subject: loadbearing soils
subject: sol de fondation
subject: site analysis
subject: analyse du site

description: A general review of the principles that must always govern the design of building foundations so that the designer may appreciate when specialist expert advice must be obtained is given.
Helioseismic Imaging of Fast Convective Flows Throughout the Near-Surface Shear Layer
Creators: name: Greer, Benjamin J.
name: Hindman, Bradley W.
name: Featherstone, Nicholas A.
name: Toomre, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a new implementation of ring-diagram helioseismology, we ascertain the strength and spatial scale of convective flows throughout the near-surface shear layer. Our ring-diagram technique employs highly overlapped analysis regions and an efficient method of 3D inversion to measure convective motions with a resolution that ranges from $3 \ \mathrm{Mm}$ at the surface to $80 \ \mathrm{Mm}$ at the base of the layer. We find the rms horizontal flow speed to peak at $427 \ \mathrm{m \ s^{-1}}$ at the photosphere and fall to a minimum of $124 \ \mathrm{m \ s^{-1}}$ between $20 \ \mathrm{Mm}$ and $30 \ \mathrm{Mm}$. From the velocity amplitude and the dominant horizontal scales seen at each depth, we infer the level of rotational influence on convection to be low near the surface, but transition to a significant level at the base of the near-surface shear layer with a Rossby number varying between 2.2 to as low as 0.1.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Chronic widespread pain after motor vehicle collision typically occurs through immediate development and nonrecovery: results of an emergency department-based cohort study
Creators: name: Peak, David
name: Hendry, Phyllis
name: Domeier, Robert
name: Orrey, Danielle C.
name: Lee, David C.
name: Parry, Blair A.
name: Jones, Jeffrey
name: Rathlev, Niels
name: Ballina, Lauren
name: McLean, Samuel A.
name: Bortsov, Andrey V.
name: Hu, JunMei
name: Swor, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Motor vehicle collision (MVC) can trigger chronic widespread pain (CWP) development in vulnerable individuals. Whether such CWP typically develops via the evolution of pain from regional to widespread or via the early development of widespread pain with non-recovery is currently unknown. We evaluated the trajectory of CWP development (American College of Rheumatology criteria) among 948 European-American individuals who presented to the emergency department (ED) for care in the early aftermath of MVC. Pain extent was assessed in the ED and 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after MVC on 100%, 91%, 89%, and 91% of participants, respectively. Individuals who reported prior CWP at the time of ED evaluation (n = 53) were excluded. Trajectory modeling identified a two-group solution as optimal, with the Bayes Factor value (138) indicating strong model selection. Linear solution plots supported a non-recovery model. While the number of body regions with pain in the non-CWP group steadily declined, the number of body regions with pain in the CWP trajectory group (192/895, 22%) remained relatively constant over time. These data support the hypothesis that individuals who develop CWP after MVC develop widespread pain in the early aftermath of MVC which does not remit.
Line intercept in Hottentots Holland, Nuweberg State forest, site 3419AA/8
Creators: name: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center
Publisher: name: South African Environmental Observation Network
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jonkershoek Forestry Research Centre
Hottentots Holland
line intercept
Nuweberg State forest

description: This is a scanned copy of a line intercept in Hottentots Holland, Nuweberg State forest, site 3419AA/8. The Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center (part of the former South African Forestry Research Institute) was established in 1935 at Jonkershoek, near Stellenbosch, under the directorship of Dr C. L. Wicht. The initial aim was to determine how forestry activities in state plantations would affect climate, water conservation and erosion, and was later expanded to include studies of fynbos ecology, fire and alien species. Studies from the 1930s to the early 1990s saw the accumulation of a large amount of data dealing with fire experiments, detailed vegetation plot surveys, rare plant surveys and ecological studies, hydrological studies and the development of management plans for catchments around the Western Cape. SAEON now houses the archive of data collected by the Jonkershoek Forestry Research Center, which was originally held by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
CRHBP polymorphisms predict chronic pain development following motor vehicle collision
Creators: name: Bortsov, Andrey V.
name: Hendry, Phyllis L.
name: Linnstaedt, Sarah D.
name: Jones, Jeffrey
name: Swor, Robert
name: Domeier, Robert
name: Lee, David C.
name: McLean, Samuel A.
name: Soward, April C.
name: Peak, David A.
name: Rathlev, Niels
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a common sequela of traumatic stress exposure. While biologic factors contributing to chronic MSP after motor vehicle collision (MVC) have traditionally focused on tissue injury, increasing evidence suggests that neuro/stress/immune processes mediated by stress system activation may play a more dominant role. In a previous study we found that genetic variants in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis-related gene FKBP5 influence vulnerability to persistent MSP 6 weeks after MVC. In the present cohort study (n = 855) we evaluated whether genetic variants in several other important HPA axis-related genes, including the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor R1 (CRHR1), and corticotropin-releasing hormone binding protein (CRHBP), influence risk of chronic MSP over time after MVC. Genetic polymorphism rs7718461 in the CRHBP gene showed significant association (p=0.0012) with overall pain severity during the year after MVC in regression models controlling for multiple comparisons. Two additional CRHBP alleles in high Linkage Disequilibrium with rs7718461 also showed trend-level significance. In secondary analyses, a significant interaction between this CRHBP locus (Minor Allele Frequency = 0.33) and time was observed (p = 0.015), with increasing effect observed over time following trauma. A significant CRHBP*FKBP5 interaction was also observed, with substantially increased MSP after MVC in those with a risk allele in both genes compared to either gene alone. The results of this study indicate that genetic variants in two different HPA axis genes predict chronic MSP severity following MVC, and support the hypothesis that the HPA axis is involved in chronic post-MVC MSP pathogenesis.
Triangle Inequalities for Majorana-Neutrino Magnetic Moments
Creators: name: Frère, Jean-Marie
name: Heeck, Julian
name: Mollet, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic properties of neutrinos, if ever observed, could help to decide the Dirac versus Majorana nature of neutrinos. We show that the magnetic moments of Majorana neutrinos have to fulfill triangle inequalities, $|μ_{ν_τ}|^2 \leq |μ_{ν_μ}|^2 +|μ_{ν_e}|^2$ and cyclic permutations, which do not hold for Dirac neutrinos. Observing a violation of these inequalities, e.g. by measuring the magnetic moment of $ν_τ$ at SHiP, would thus strongly hint either at the Dirac nature of neutrinos or at the presence of at least one extra light sterile mode.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure. Extended discussion of sterile neutrinos; accepted by PRD
Identification of clusters of individuals relevant to temporomandibular disorders and other chronic pain conditions: the OPPERA study
Creators: name: Diatchenko, Luda
name: Maixner, William
name: Greenspan, Joel D.
name: Smith, Shad B.
name: Ohrbach, Richard
name: Dubner, Ronald
name: Fillingim, Roger B.
name: Gaynor, Sheila
name: Bair, Eric
name: Slade, Gary D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The classification of most chronic pain disorders gives emphasis to anatomical location of the pain to distinguish one disorder from the other (eg, back pain vs temporomandibular disorder [TMD]) or to define subtypes (eg, TMD myalgia vs arthralgia). However, anatomical criteria overlook etiology, potentially hampering treatment decisions. This study identified clusters of individuals using a comprehensive array of biopsychosocial measures. Data were collected from a case–control study of 1031 chronic TMD cases and 3247 TMD-free controls. Three subgroups were identified using supervised cluster analysis (referred to as the adaptive, pain-sensitive, and global symptoms clusters). Compared with the adaptive cluster, participants in the pain-sensitive cluster showed heightened sensitivity to experimental pain, and participants in the global symptoms cluster showed both greater pain sensitivity and greater psychological distress. Cluster membership was strongly associated with chronic TMD: 91.5% of TMD cases belonged to the pain-sensitive and global symptoms clusters, whereas 41.2% of controls belonged to the adaptive cluster. Temporomandibular disorder cases in the pain-sensitive and global symptoms clusters also showed greater pain intensity, jaw functional limitation, and more comorbid pain conditions. Similar results were obtained when the same methodology was applied to a smaller case–control study consisting of 199 chronic TMD cases and 201 TMD-free controls. During a median 3-year follow-up period of TMD-free individuals, participants in the global symptoms cluster had greater risk of developing first-onset TMD (hazard ratio = 2.8) compared with participants in the other 2 clusters. Cross-cohort predictive modeling was used to demonstrate the reliability of the clusters.
Modification of COMT-dependent pain sensitivity by psychological stress and sex
Creators: name: Bair, Eric
name: Fillingim, Roger B.
name: McLean, Samuel A.
name: Ohrbach, Richard
name: Ostrom, Cara
name: Dubner, Ronald
name: Maixner, William
name: Bortsov, Andrey V.
name: Greenspan, Joel D.
name: Smith, Shad B.
name: Meloto, Carolina B.
name: Helgeson, Erika
name: Slade, Gary D.
name: Diatchenko, Luda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Catecholamine-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a polymorphic gene whose variants affect enzymatic activity and pain sensitivity via adrenergic pathways. Although COMT represents one of the most studied genes in human pain genetics, findings regarding its association with pain phenotypes are not always replicated. Here, we investigated if interactions among functional COMT haplotypes, stress, and sex can modify the effect of COMT genetic variants on pain sensitivity. We tested these interactions in a cross-sectional study, including 2 cohorts, one of 2972 subjects tested for thermal pain sensitivity (Orofacial Pain: Prospective Evaluation and Risk Assessment) and one of 948 subjects with clinical acute pain after motor vehicle collision (post-motor vehicle collision). In both cohorts, the COMT high-pain sensitivity (HPS) haplotype showed robust interaction with stress and number of copies of the HPS haplotype was positively associated with pain sensitivity in nonstressed individuals, but not in stressed individuals. In the post-motor vehicle collision cohort, there was additional modification by sex: the HPS-stress interaction was apparent in males, but not in females. In summary, our findings indicate that stress and sex should be evaluated in association studies aiming to investigate the effect of COMT genetic variants on pain sensitivity.
The Correlated Jacobi and the Correlated Cauchy-Lorentz ensembles
Creators: name: Wirtz, Tim
name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Kieburg, Mario
name: Kumar, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the $k$-point generating function of the correlated Jacobi ensemble using supersymmetric methods. We use the result for complex matrices for $k=1$ to derive a closed-form expression for eigenvalue density. For real matrices we obtain the density in terms of a twofold integral that we evaluate numerically. For both expressions we find agreement when comparing with Monte Carlo simulations. Relations between these quantities for the Jacobi and the Cauchy-Lorentz ensemble are derived.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Enhancement of superconductivity at the onset of charge-density-wave order in a metal
Creators: name: Wang, Yuxuan
name: Chubukov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze superconductivity in the cuprates near the onset of an incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) order with momentum ${\bf Q} = (Q,0)/(0,Q)$, as observed in the experiments. We first consider a semi-phenomenological charge-fermion model in which hot fermions, separated by ${\bf Q}$, attract each other by exchanging soft CDW fluctuations. We find that in a quantum-critical region near CDW transition, $T_c = A {\bar g}_c$, where ${\bar g}_c$ is charge-fermion coupling and $A$ is the prefactor which we explicitly compute. We then consider the particular microscopic scenario in which CDW order parameter emerges as a composite field made out of primary spin-density-wave fields. We show that charge-fermion coupling ${\bar g}_c$ is of order of spin-fermion coupling ${\bar g}_s$. As the consequence, superconducting $T_c$ is substantially enhanced near the onset of CDW order. Finally we analyze the effect of an external magnetic field $H$. We show that, as $H$ increases, optimal $T_c$ decreases and the superconducting dome becomes progressively more confined to the CDW quantum-critical point. These results are consistent with the experiments.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, to match the published version
Widespread somatosensory sensitivity in naturally occurring canine model of osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Lascelles, B. Duncan X.
name: Case, Beth
name: Helgeson, Erika S.
name: Knazovicky, David
name: Gruen, Margaret E.
name: Maixner, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Osteoarthritis (OA)-associated pain is a leading cause of disability. Central sensitization (CS), as a result of OA, is recognized as an important facet of human patients' chronic pain and has been measured in people using quantitative sensory testing (QST) testing. The spontaneous canine OA model has been suggested as a good translational model, but CS has not been explored in this model. In this study, QST was performed on dogs with and without spontaneous hip or stifle OA to determine whether OA is associated with CS in this model. Mechanical (von Frey and blunt pressure) and thermal (hot and cold) sensory thresholds obtained in dogs with chronic OA-associated pain (n = 31) were compared with those of normal dogs (n = 23). Dogs were phenotyped and joint-pain scored, and testing was performed at the OA-affected joint, cranial tibial muscle, and dorsal metatarsal region. QST summary data were evaluated using mixed-effect models to understand the influence of OA status and covariates, and dogs with OA and control dogs were compared. The presence of OA was strongly associated with hyperalgesia across all QST modalities at the index joint, cranial tibial muscle, and metatarsal site. Mechanical QST scores were significantly moderately negatively correlated with total joint-pain scores. The spontaneous canine OA model is associated with somatosensory sensitivity, likely indicative of CS. These data further validate the canine spontaneous OA model as an appropriate model of the human OA pain condition.
A mouse model for chronic pain-induced increase in ethanol consumption
Creators: name: Breese, George R.
name: Loeser, Richard F.
name: Longobardi, Lara
name: Knapp, Darin J.
name: Ulici, Veronica
name: Butler, Ryan K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Chronic pain conditions are often co-morbid with alcohol abuse. “Self-medication” with alcohol introduces a host of problems associated with the abuse of alcohol which over time has the potential of exacerbating the painful condition. Despite the prevalence of chronic pain being associated with alcohol abuse, rodent models which mimic the co-morbid conditions are lacking. In the present study, we model osteoarthritis (OA) in C57BL/6J mice by surgically destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM). Sham operated mice served as controls. Thirteen weeks after surgery, DMM but not sham operated mice exhibited pronounced incapacitance of the surgically-manipulated hindlimb compared to the non-surgically manipulated hindlimb. At this time, the mice were exposed to the two-bottle ethanol choice, beginning with 2.5% with a gradual increasing to 20%. Compared to sham controls, DMM mice consumed more EtOH and preferred EtOH over water at the 20% EtOH concentration. Histological analysis verified that the DMM mice exhibited significant damage to the articular cartilage and osteophyte growth compared to sham controls and these measures of the severity of OA correlated with the amount of ethanol intake. Thus, the combination of the DMM model of OA with the enhanced two-bottle ethanol choice is a potential preclinical approach in mice by which the basis of the co-morbid association of alcohol abuse and chronic pain conditions can be explored.
Frequency of pathogenic germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes in 1,336 renal cell carcinoma cases.
Creators: name: Yngvadottir, Bryndis
name: Andreou, Avgi
name: Bassaganyas, Laia
name: Larionov, Alexey
name: Cornish, Alex J
name: Chubb, Daniel
name: Saunders, Charlie N
name: Smith, Philip
name: Zhang, Huairen
name: Cole, Yasemin
name: Consortium, Genomics England Research
name: Larkin, James
name: Browning, Lisa
name: Turajlic, Samra
name: Litchfield, Kevin
name: Houlston, Richard S
name: Maher, Eamonn R
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Tumour Biology
Signalling & Oncogenes
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Computational & Systems Biology

description: BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) occurs in a number of cancer predisposition syndromes but the genetic architecture of susceptibility to RCC is not well defined. We investigated the frequency of pathogenic germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes (CSGs) within a large series of unselected RCC participants. METHODS: Whole genome sequencing data on 1336 RCC participants and 5834 controls recruited to the UK 100000 Genomes Project, a nationwide multicentre study, was analysed to identify rare pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) short variants (SNVs and INDELs) and structural variants in 121 CSGs. RESULTS: Among 1336 RCC participants (mean 61.3 years [±12SD], range 13-88 years; 64% male), 85 participants (6.4%; 95% CI [5.1, 7.8]) had one or more P/LP germline variant in a wider range of CSGs than previously recognised. A further 64 intragenic variants in CSGs previously associated with RCC were classified as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) (24 'hot VUSs') and were considered to be of potential clinical relevance as further evaluation might result in their reclassification. Most patients with pathogenic variants in well-established RCC-CSGs were aged < 50 years. Burden test analysis for filtered variants in CSGs demonstrated a significant excess of CHEK2 variants RCC European participants compared to the healthy European controls (P = 0.0019). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 6% of patients with RCC unselected for family history have a germline variant requiring additional follow-up analysis. To improve diagnostic yield we suggest expanding the panel of RCC-CSGs tested to include CHEK2 and all SDHx subunits and raising the eligibility criteria for age-based testing.
Five-Dimensional Gauge-Higgs Unification: A Standard Model-Like Spectrum
Creators: name: Alberti, Maurizio
name: Irges, Nikos
name: Knechtli, Francesco
name: Moir, Graham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the viability of five-dimensional gauge theories as candidates for the origin of the Higgs field and its mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking. Within the framework of lattice field theory, we consider the simplest model of an $SU(2)$ gauge theory. We construct this theory on a five-dimensional orbifold which explicitly breaks the gauge symmetry to $U(1)$ at the fixed points of the orbifold. Using anisotropic gauge couplings, we find that this theory exhibits three distinct phases which we label as confined, Higgs and hybrid. Within the Higgs phase, close to the Higgs-hybrid phase transition, we find that the ratio of the Higgs to gauge boson masses takes Standard Model-like values. Precisely in this region of the phase diagram, we find dimensional reduction via localisation.
description: Version accepted for publication in JHEP. 36 pages, 13 figures
adsorbent parameters for removal of dye products
Creators: name: Soltani, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management
classificationCode: 400499
subject: Chemical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 340103
subject: Electroanalytical chemistry
classificationCode: 400411
subject: Water treatment processes
classificationCode: 440704
subject: Environment policy
classificationCode: 410501
subject: Environmental biogeochemistry

description: The usage of dyes is increasing due to their high demand in expanding industrial sector. As a result, large volumes of dye wastewater are being generated, particularly in the textile industry. Colored effluent discharged by industrial processes into surface water bodies negatively affects aquatic, human, and animal life, which is a major global concern. To reduce the detrimental effects of dye wastewater on the environment, it should be treated before its disposal. This article extensively reviews the existing and advancements in physical, physicochemical and chemical technologies and their efficacies in dye removal (%)
Angstrom-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of single molecules via wavefunction fingerprints of nuclear spins
Creators: name: Ma, Wen-Long
name: Liu, Ren-Bao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-molecule sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and angstrom resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the highest challenges in magnetic microscopy. Recent development in dynamical-decoupling- (DD) enhanced diamond quantum sensing has enabled single-nucleus NMR and nanoscale NMR. Similar to conventional NMR and MRI, current DD-based quantum sensing utilizes the frequency fingerprints of target nuclear spins. The frequency fingerprints by their nature cannot resolve different nuclear spins that have the same noise frequency or differentiate different types of correlations in nuclear-spin clusters, which limit the resolution of single-molecule MRI. Here we show that this limitation can be overcome by using wave-function fingerprints of target nuclear spins, which is much more sensitive than the frequency fingerprints to the weak hyperfine interaction between the targets and a sensor under resonant DD control. We demonstrate a scheme of angstrom-resolution MRI that is capable of counting and individually localizing single nuclear spins of the same frequency and characterizing the correlations in nuclear-spin clusters. A nitrogen-vacancy-center spin sensor near a diamond surface, provided that the coherence time is improved by surface engineering in the near future, may be employed to determine with angstrom resolution the positions and conformation of single molecules that are isotope labeled. The scheme in this work offers an approach to breaking the resolution limit set by the frequency gradients in conventional MRI and to reaching the angstrom-scale resolution.
description: 44 pages, 6 figures,1 table
Formation mechanisms of single-crystalline InN quantum dots fabricated via droplet epitaxy
Creators: name: Aseev, P.
name: Gačević, Ž.
name: Mánuel, J. M.
name: Jiménez, J. J.
name: García, R.
name: Morales, F. M.
name: Calleja, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents an experimental and theoretical insight into formation mechanisms of single crystalline wurtzite InN quantum dots (QDs) fabricated via metal droplet epitaxy (DE) by employing plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The applied procedure consists of two fabrication stages. During the first stage, the cold substrate (T = 15 °C) is exposed to an impinging In flux, resulting in formation of metallic In droplets on the substrate surface, and then to an impinging active nitrogen flux, resulting in In conversion into polycrystalline InN islands. During the second stage, the substrate, which is still kept exposed to active nitrogen, is heated up to T = 300 °C, to allow for the reorganization of extended polycrystalline InN islands into groups of independent single crystalline wurtzite InN QDs. This work provides a detailed experimental insight into both fabrication stages and their qualitative explanations within the scopes of adatom surface kinetics (stage I) and total energy per unit crystal volume minimization (stage II). Finally, the formation mechanisms of InN QDs on the three different substrates (Si(111), Si(001) and In0.3Ga0.7N/Si(111)) are compared, and also linked to the formation mechanisms of other more studied nanostructures, such as self assembled GaN/AlN QDs and self assembled and selective area grown GaN nanowires.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Quantization of surface plasmon polariton by Green's tensor method in amplifying and attenuating media
Creators: name: Allameh, Z.
name: Roknizadeh, R.
name: Masoudi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will present a quantization method for SPP (Surface Plasmon Polariton) based on Green's tensor method, which is applied usually for quantization of EM-field in various dielectric media. This method will be applied for a semi-infinite structure, which contains metal and dielectric regions with one interface. Moreover, by introducing the quantized SPP, we will investigate the SPP propagation in the attenuating and amplifying systems. We will also consider two modes of SPP, i.e., coherent and squeezed states, and finally compare the propagation of these modes in the amplifying media.
Cavity-enhanced optical Hall effect in two-dimensional free charge carrier gases detected at terahertz frequencies
Creators: name: Knight, S.
name: Schöche, S.
name: Darakchieva, V.
name: Kühne, P.
name: Carlin, J. -F.
name: Grandjean, N.
name: Herzinger, C. M.
name: Schubert, M.
name: Hofmann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of a tunable, externally coupled Fabry-Pérot cavity to resonantly enhance the optical Hall effect signatures at terahertz frequencies produced by a traditional Drude-like two-dimensional electron gas is shown and discussed in this communication. As a result, the detection of optical Hall effect signatures at conveniently obtainable magnetic fields, for example by neodymium permanent magnets, is demonstrated. An AlInN/GaN-based high electron mobility transistor structure grown on a sapphire substrate is used for the experiment. The optical Hall effect signatures and their dispersions, which are governed by the frequency and the reflectance minima and maxima of the externally coupled Fabry-Pérot cavity, are presented and discussed. Tuning the externally coupled Fabry-Pérot cavity strongly modifies the optical Hall effect signatures, which provides a new degree of freedom for optical Hall effect experiments in addition to frequency, angle of incidence and magnetic field direction and strength.
Development and Validation of an LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Short Peptide-Based Drugs in Human Blood Plasma
Creators: name: Fisher, Elizaveta N
name: Melnikov, Evgeny S
name: Gegeckori, Vladimir
name: Potoldykova, Natalya V
name: Enikeev, Dmitry V
name: Pavlenko, Kirill A
name: Kustrin, Snezana
name: Morton, David
name: Ramenskaya, Galina V
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology

description: A novel HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for simultaneous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs and somatostatin analog quantitation was developed and validated. The developed method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies. The sample preparation process included solid-phase extraction (SPE). Effective chromatographic separation of the analytes and internal standard (dalargin) was achieved with a C18 column, using a gradient elution with two mobile phases: 0.1% v/v formic acid (aqueous solution) and 0.1% v/v formic acid (acetonitrile solution). The linearity of the method was demonstrated within a concentration range of 0.5–20 ng/mL, with correlation coefficients between 0.998–0.999 for goserelin, buserelin, triptorelin, and octreotide, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD, %) values for method accuracy and precision did not exceed 20% at the lower level of quantitation (LLOQ) or 15% at other concentration levels.