cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Zooming Into the Ecosystem: Agency and Politics Around Open Data Platforms in Lyon and Berlin
Creators: name: Slobodova, Olga
name: Becker, Sören
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: open data
subject: urban platforms
subject: data policy
subject: structure and agency
subject: urban governance
subject: 005 Computerprogrammierung, Computerprogramme, Daten
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Open data platforms provide free access to datasets in key areas of urban development. Often managed by the local state, open data platforms constitute a part of smart city strategies worldwide, serving different, potentially contradictory aims, i.e., fostering economic development, pursuing civic objectives or improving administrative efficiency. Reflecting these diverse orientations, our interest lies in understanding how open data platforms are coproduced by different actors based on their conceptions of open data. Taking a critical stance toward the often functionalistic interpretation of open data initiatives as ecosystems, we conceptualize the development of open data initiatives through a dynamic approach to agency, focusing on the strategies of different actor groups shaping open data initiatives and platforms in specific local governance contexts. Empirically, the paper analyses the development of open data initiatives and platforms in two European cities, Lyon and Berlin. Starting with the initial steps for setting open data on the agenda, we apply a process perspective unpacking actors' conceptions of open data and their strategies to shape open data initiatives and platform design. The analysis is based on tracing development processes and on interviews with representatives of city administrations, open data initiatives and civil society. Our findings indicate the objectives of open data initiatives were narrowed down to economic development and administration efficiency, despite broader visions on open data among other actors. This can be traced back to the high importance of personnel, financial and technical resources for defining the implementation of open data initiatives.
Non-interferometric Test of Collapse Models in Optomechanical Systems
Creators: name: Bahrami, M.
name: Paternostro, M.
name: Bassi, A.
name: Ulbricht, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The test of modifications to quantum mechanics aimed at identifying the fundamental reasons behind the un-observability of quantum mechanical superpositions at the macro-scale is a crucial goal of modern quantum mechanics. Within the context of collapse models, current proposals based on interferometric techniques for their falsification are far from the experimental state-of-the-art. Here we discuss an alternative approach to the testing of quantum collapse models that, by bypassing the need for the preparation of quantum superposition states might help us addressing non-linear stochastic mechanisms such as the one at the basis of the continuous spontaneous localisation model.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett.!
D.1.2 Related case studies and cooperative DR programs
Creators: name: Coleman, Cristina
name: Crosbie, Tracey
name: Übermasser, Stefan
name: Carbonari, Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Executive Summary Demand Response (DR) provides many opportunities for both the grid operator and the scheme participants. The grid operator gains flexible load both increasing and decreasing depending on the production of Renewable Energy Source (RES) on the grid, i.e. if there is large amount of energy produced by RES, the grid operator can request an increase in the load from scheme participants. The scheme participants receive financial incentives for reducing load at the request of the grid operator. This report looks at the different types of DR schemes implemented in different countries and islands and the reward/incentives for participants to opt into the schemes. The objective of the report is to investigate the potential for geographical islands to become energy self-sufficient and identify the challenges and benefits to implementing renewable technologies onto the islands. The report investigates the different types of smart grid technologies deployed and the consumer behaviours to interacting with DR schemes. The REACT project proposes to investigate the impact of different Renewable Energy (RE) technologies and storage solutions on geographical islands while integrating the new Renewable Energy Source (RES) into the existing RES deployed. Within this report some of the challenges faces by utilities are identified, the integration of DR schemes will assist utilities in the following ways, The potential of decarbonising the electrical supply to geographical islands Increasing reliability of the network on geographical islands The impact of large-scale RES and storage assets on geographical islands Community owned cooperative demand response (DR) schemes
Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey
Creators: name: Bekkers, Rene
name: Boonstoppel, Evelien
name: de Wit, Arjen
name: Felix, Suzanne
name: van Teunenbroek, Claire
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Since 1995, the Center for Philanthropic Studies at Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam biennially publishes macro-economic estimates of philanthropy and volunteering by households, foundations, corporations, and lotteries. This ongoing research project is known as the ‘Giving in the Netherlands’ (GIN) research project. In GIN, the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey (GINPS) serves as the main source of data for estimating the volume and nature of giving and volunteering by Dutch households. A public use file with key variables is provided below. Please read the User Manual before using the data and cite the dataset properly. If you require variables from the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey not included in the Public Use File, please complete the user agreement form.
The divide-and-combine approaches for multivariate survival analysis and multistate survival analysis in big data
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Multivariate failure time data can be unordered or ordered, which can be analyzed using multivariate survival analysis and multistate survival analysis, respectively. When sample sizes are extraordinarily large, both analyses could face computational challenges. In this dissertation, we propose divide-and-combine approaches to analyze large-scale multivariate failure time data in both multivariate survival analysis and multistate survival analysis. Our approaches are motivated by the Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System (MIDAS), a New Jersey statewide database that includes 73,725,160 admissions to non-federal hospitals and emergency rooms (ERs) from 1995 to 2017. We propose to randomly divide the full data into multiple subsets and propose a weighted method to combine these estimators obtained from individual subsets. In divided subsets, estimated regression parameters and estimated cumulative hazards are calculated, respectively, for multivariate survival analysis and multistate survival analysis. Under mild conditions, we show that the combined estimators are asymptotically equivalent to the estimators obtained from the full data as if the data were analyzed all at once. In addition, to screen out risk factors with weak signals in multivariate survival analysis, we propose to perform the regularized estimation on the combined estimators using their combined confidence distributions. Theoretical properties of proposed approaches, such as asymptotic equivalence between divide-and-combine analysis and full-data analysis, estimation consistency, selection consistency, and oracle properties are studied. Performances of proposed estimators are investigated using simulation studies. The MIDAS data are used to illustrate our proposed methodologies.
Computational Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Library Design for Photocaged Tyrosine
Creators: name: Baumann, Tobias
name: Hauf, Matthias
name: Richter, Florian
name: Albers, Suki
name: Möglich, Andreas
name: Ignatova, Zoya
name: Budisa, Nediljko
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: enzyme design
subject: noncanonical amino acids
subject: protein modification
subject: directed evolution
subject: mutagenesis
subject: gene libraries
subject: genetic code expansion
subject: unnatural amino acids
subject: protein engineering
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 570 Biologie

description: Engineering aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) provides access to the ribosomal incorporation of noncanonical amino acids via genetic code expansion. Conventional targeted mutagenesis libraries with 5–7 positions randomized cover only marginal fractions of the vast sequence space formed by up to 30 active site residues. This frequently results in selection of weakly active enzymes. To overcome this limitation, we use computational enzyme design to generate a focused library of aaRS variants. For aaRS enzyme redesign, photocaged ortho-nitrobenzyl tyrosine (ONBY) was chosen as substrate due to commercial availability and its diverse applications. Diversifying 17 first- and second-shell sites and performing conventional aaRS positive and negative selection resulted in a high-activity aaRS. This MjTyrRS variant carries ten mutations and outperforms previously reported ONBY-specific aaRS variants isolated from traditional libraries. In response to a single in-frame amber stop codon, it mediates the in vivo incorporation of ONBY with an efficiency matching that of the wild type MjTyrRS enzyme acylating cognate tyrosine. These results exemplify an improved general strategy for aaRS library design and engineering.
Testing universal relations of neutron stars with a nonlinear matter-gravity coupling theory
Creators: name: Sham, Y. -H.
name: Lin, L. -M.
name: Leung, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to our ignorance of the equation of state (EOS) beyond nuclear density, there is still no unique theoretical model for neutron stars (NSs). It is therefore surprising that universal EOS-independent relations connecting different physical quantities of neutron stars can exist. Lau et al. [ApJ, 714, 1234 (2010)] found that the frequency of the $f$-mode oscillation, the mass, and the moment of inertia are connected by universal relations. More recently, Yagi and Yunes [Science, 341, 365 (2013)] discovered the I-Love-Q universal relations among the mass, the moment of inertia, the Love number, and the quadrupole moment. In this paper, we study these universal relations in the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity. This theory differs from general relativity (GR) significantly only at high densities due to the nonlinear coupling between matter and gravity. It thus provides us an ideal case to test how robust the universal relations of NSs are with respect to the change of the gravity theory. Thanks to the apparent EOS formulation of EiBI gravity developed recently by Delsate and Steinhoff [Phys. Rev. Lett., 109, 021101 (2012)], we are able to study the universal relations in EiBI gravity using the same techniques as those in GR. We find that the universal relations in EiBI gravity are essentially the same as those in GR. Our work shows that, within the currently viable coupling constant, there exists at least one modified gravity theory that is indistinguishable from GR in view of the unexpected universal relations.
description: Minor changes to match the published version
Kubo relations and radiative corrections for lepton number washout
Creators: name: Bodeker, D.
name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rates for lepton number washout in extensions of the Standard Model containing right-handed neutrinos are key ingredients in scenarios for baryogenesis through leptogenesis. We relate these rates to real-time correlation functions at finite temperature, without making use of any particle approximations. The relations are valid to quadratic order in neutrino Yukawa couplings and to all orders in Standard Model couplings. They take into account all spectator processes, and apply both in the symmetric and in the Higgs phase of the electroweak theory. We use the relations to compute washout rates at next-to-leading order in g, where g denotes a Standard Model gauge or Yukawa coupling, both in the non-relativistic and in the relativistic regime. Even in the non-relativistic regime the parametrically dominant radiative corrections are only suppressed by a single power of g. In the non-relativistic regime radiative corrections increase the washout rate by a few percent at high temperatures, but they are of order unity around the weak scale and in the relativistic regime.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures. v2: some clarifications and corrections, references added
Duality between Wilson Loops and Scattering Amplitudes
Creators: name: Henn, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarise the status of an intriguing new duality between planar maximally helicity violating scattering amplitudes and light-like Wilson loops in N=4 super Yang-Mills. In particular, we focus on the role played by (dual) conformal symmetry, which is made predictive by deriving anomalous conformal Ward identities for the Wilson loops. Assuming the duality, the conformal symmetry of the dual Wilson loops becomes an unexpected new symmetry of scattering amplitudes in N=4 SYM.
description: 10 pages; Presented at the 48th Cracow School of Theoretical Physics "Aspects of Duality"; Acknowledgement added
Partnership in education: the underexplored but crucial role of principals as middle mangers
Creators: name: Vinton, Justin
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This study looks at partnership in four K-12 public school districts in New Jersey, specifically addressing the role of the principal—the middle manager of education (Martin & Willower, 1981; Cascadden, 1998; Flessa, 2012). This is a qualitative study that takes an inductive and iterative approach to advance theories of middle management and partnership. It uses interviews conducted over the course of two years with principals, teachers, union leaders, and other educators (N=51, including teachers in focus groups) to examine the obstacles and constraints to the role of principals across schools implementing partnership in the 4 NJ districts. Additionally, as I was granted in depth access to educators, meetings, and numerous district events, this study will also utilize Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) (Ragin, 1987; Rihoux & Ragin, 2008), which is a set-theoretic approach that uses deep case knowledge as well as cross case patterns in order to appropriately address the causal complexity of outcomes—in this case, the effective implementation of partnership at the school level. This approach offers a way to measure an outcome that is directly related to the role of the principal and his/her involvement in partnership.
COAR Webinar: Plan S and Repositories
Creators: name: Shearer, Kathleen
name: Walk, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Next generation repositories
Plan S
Open repositories
cOAlisition S

description: This presentation addresses the requirements for repositories contained in the implementation guidance of Plan S and explain COAR's response to draft implementation requirements. Full response is available at http://bit.ly/2sbMkql
description: This presentation was given as part of COAR Webinar and Discussion Series on 10/01/2019.
Lattice QCD on Non-Orientable Manifolds
Creators: name: Mages, Simon
name: Toth, Balint C.
name: Borsanyi, Szabolcs
name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Katz, Sandor D.
name: Szabo, Kalman K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common problem in lattice QCD simulations on the torus is the extremely long autocorrelation time of the topological charge, when one approaches the continuum limit. The reason is the suppressed tunneling between topological sectors. The problem can be circumvented by replacing the torus with a different manifold, so that the connectivity of the configuration space is changed. This can be achieved by using open boundary conditions on the fields, as proposed earlier. It has the side effect of breaking translational invariance strongly. Here we propose to use a non-orientable manifold, and show how to define and simulate lattice QCD on it. We demonstrate in quenched simulations that this leads to a drastic reduction of the autocorrelation time. A feature of the new proposal is, that translational invariance is preserved up to exponentially small corrections. A Dirac-fermion on a non-orientable manifold poses a challenge to numerical simulations: the fermion determinant becomes complex. We propose two approaches to circumvent this problem.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures; v2: matches accepted version
PRISMA-P checklist for “Evidence for Underprescription of and Non-Adherence to Guideline-Recommended Cardiovascular Medications in Adults with Peripheral Artery Disease, Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”
Creators: name: de Launay, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Surgery
Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: PRISMA-P checklist for “Evidence for Underprescription of and Non-Adherence to Guideline-Recommended Cardiovascular Medications in Adults with Peripheral Artery Disease, Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”
Upper Bound on the Tensor-to-Scalar Ratio in GUT-Scale Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation
Creators: name: Civiletti, Matthew
name: Pallis, Constantinos
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ in supersymmetric (F-term) hybrid inflation models with the gauge symmetry breaking scale set equal to the value $2.86\cdot10^{16} {\rm GeV}$, as dictated by the unification of the MSSM gauge couplings. We employ a unique renormalizable superpotential and a quasi-canonical Kähler potential, and the scalar spectral index $n_s$ is required to lie within the two-sigma interval from the central value found by the Planck satellite. In a sizable region of the parameter space the potential along the inflationary trajectory is a monotonically increasing function of the inflaton, and for this case, $r\lesssim2.9\cdot10^{-4}$, while the spectral index running, $|dn_{\rm s}/d\ln k|$, can be as large as $0.01$. Ignoring higher order terms which ensure the boundedness of the potential for large values of the inflaton, the upper bound on $r$ is significantly larger, of order $0.01$, for subplanckian values of the inflaton, and $|dn_{\rm s}/d\ln k|\simeq0.006$.
description: To appear in PLB
title: DUeIT Ausgabe 07 (April 2018)
Creators: name: Universität Duisburg-Essen / Universitätsbibliothek
name: Universität Duisburg-Essen / Zentrum Für Informations- Und Mediendienste
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: INHALT

Digitalisierung in der Lehre

Aus dem Internet der Dinge

UB Online-Umfrage

Die neue Telefonielösung

Service für Sehgeschädigte

[bridge]

Forschungsdatenmanagement

EU-Datenschutzverordnung

Open-Access: OGeSoMo
Capturing moments : reading literature as an archive of photographic history c. 1839- c.1930
Creators: name: Pande, Meha
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photography
Literature
Nineteenth century
Victorian
Doyle
Dickens
Levy

description: In this thesis I study three writers - Charles Dickens (1812-1870), Amy Levy (1861-1889) and Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930) - for traces, nuances and evidences which capture the precarious position of photography and its evolution in the social and intellectual imagination between 1839-1930. Selected owing to their interest in and engagement with photography, my research combines a study of the literary output of these three writers with their personal writings, to trace photographic references in them. Using these references, I establish them as case studies which, through the intersections and overlaps between their fiction and their direct engagement with photography at the artistic, technical or professional levels, offer insights into the life of photography between the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Schematically, the thesis is organized as per a rough chronology of these writers as they appear in history. I begin with Charles Dickens, in whose work and writings can be found crucial details of the early history and indeed, the prehistory of photography from the 1840s to the 1880s. Amy Levy and Arthur Conan Doyle arguably belong to the second phase of the evolution of photography in the nineteenth century as it yields to the twentieth, representing and archiving two distinctive aspects of photography. Levy makes photography the avowed theme and context of her novel and documents the multifarious and often unexpected tribulations and possibilities that photography offers as it grows and flourishes into a commercial trade with all the professional wherewithal. As a practicing amateur photographer, Conan Doyle focuses on the artistic side of photography with a passion, and the evidence value of photography in his detective fiction. As photography makes a slow but permanent appearance in the world, this thesis intends to pluck out some of its significant socio-cultural moments which embedded themselves in the literary fabric.
Study of Swift/BAT Selected Low-luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei Observed with Suzaku
Creators: name: Kawamuro, Taiki
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Tazaki, Fumie
name: Terashima, Yuichi
name: Mushotzky, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically analyze the broadband (0.5--200 keV) X-ray spectra of hard X-ray ($>10$ keV) selected local low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) observed with {\it Suzaku} and {\it Swift}/BAT. The sample consists of ten LLAGNs detected with {\it Swift}/BAT with intrinsic 14--195 keV luminosities smaller than $10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$ available in the {\it Suzaku} archive, covering a wide range of the Eddington ratio from $10^{-5}$ to $10^{-2}$. The overall spectra can be reproduced with an absorbed cut-off power law, often accompanied by reflection components from distant cold matter, and/or optically-thin thermal emission from the host galaxy. In all objects, relativistic reflection components from the innermost disk are not required. Eight objects show a significant narrow iron-K$α$ emission line. Comparing their observed equivalent widths with the predictions from the Monte-Carlo based torus model by \cite{Ike09}, we constrain the column density in the equatorial plane to be $\log N^{\rm eq}_{\rm H} > 22.7$ or the torus half opening angle $θ_{\rm oa} < 70^\circ$. We infer that the Eddington ratio ($λ_{\rm Edd}$) is a key parameter that determines the torus structure of LLAGNs: the torus becomes large at $λ_{\rm Edd} \gtrsim 2\times10^{-4}$, whereas at lower accretion rates it is little developed. The luminosity correlation between the hard X-ray and mid-infrared (MIR) bands of the LLAGNs follows the same one as for more luminous AGNs. This implies that other mechanisms than AGN-heated dust are responsible for the MIR emission in low Eddington ratio LLAGNs.
description: 16 pages, 55 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Temperature-activated layer-breathing vibrations in few-layer graphene
Creators: name: Lui, Chun Hung
name: Ye, Zhipeng
name: Keiser, Courtney
name: Xiao, Xun
name: He, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the low-frequency Raman spectra of freestanding few-layer graphene (FLG) at varying temperatures (400 - 900 K) controlled by laser heating. At high temperature, we observed the fundamental Raman mode for the lowest-frequency branch of rigid-plane layer-breathing mode (LBM) vibration. The mode frequency redshifts dramatically from 81 cm-1 for bilayer to 23 cm-1 for 8-layer. The thickness dependence is well described by a simple model of coupled oscillators. Notably, the LBM Raman response is unobservable at room temperature, and it is turned on at higher temperature (>600 K) with a steep increase of Raman intensity. The observation suggests that the LBM vibration is strongly suppressed by molecules adsorbed on the graphene surface, but is activated as desorption occurs at high temperature.
Freedoms and (Un)freedoms: Migrant Worker Experiences in the Thai and Vietnamese Fishing Industries
Creators: name: Dasilva, Brianna
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: commercial fishing
migration
modern slavery
unacceptable work
Thailand
Vietnam
fisheries

description: Over the past four years both the media and academia have highlighted the labour conditions and human rights issues prevalent in Thailand’s offshore fishing industry. Even so, little has been written from the perspective of fish workers, and far less is known about fish work in the Southeast Asian region. This thesis contributes to these gaps by exploring the experiences of fish workers in several ports across Thailand and Vietnam, along with former migrant fish workers, to provide insight into labour conditions for fish workers and the risks associated with migration for fish work. To do so, the thesis draws upon four interview data sets involving 40 fish workers (including boat owners and captains) conducted in Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia between 2014-2017, along with a review of the relevant literature on fish work, labour, and migration. After describing the experiences of fish workers in both countries, a number of themes emerge. These include challenges pertaining to recruitment, wages, risks at sea and agency. Each theme is unpacked in turn, to showcase the nuanced experiences of Cambodian fish workers in Thailand and internal migrants in Vietnam, but also to highlight how fish workers navigate complex migration processes. Specific to the Thai context, Derk’s (2010) early work on unfreedoms experienced by migrant Cambodian fish workers in coastal Thailand serves as a framework to compare and contrast working conditions between then and now. The thesis concludes with a reflection on migrant fish work and key areas that require further unpacking within the Southeast Asian context including what is happening in source countries (Cambodia, in this case, but also in other regions in Vietnam), while arguing that a modern slavery framing does not meaningfully protect migrant fish workers from unacceptable working conditions.
Numerical resolution effects on simulations of massive black hole seeds
Creators: name: Regan, John A.
name: Johansson, Peter H.
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed high-resolution numerical simulations with the hydrodynamical AMR code Enzo to investigate the formation of massive seed black holes in a sample of six dark matter haloes above the atomic cooling threshold. The aim of this study is to illustrate the effects of varying the maximum refinement level on the final object formed. The virial temperatures of the simulated haloes range from $\rm{T} \sim 10000\ \rm{K} - 16000\ \rm{K}$ and they have virial masses in the range $\rm{M} \sim 2 \times 10^7 \rm{M_{\odot}}$ to $\rm{M} \sim 7 \times 10^7 \rm{M_{\odot}}$ at $z \sim 15$. The outcome of our six fiducial simulations is both generic and robust. A rotationally supported, marginally gravitationally stable, disk forms with an exponential profile. The mass and scale length of this disk depends strongly on the maximum refinement level used. Varying the maximum refinement level by factors between 1 / 64 to 256 times the fiducial level illustrates the care that must be taken in interpreting the results. The lower resolution simulations show tentative evidence that the gas may become rotationally supported out to 20 pc while the highest resolution simulations show only weak evidence of rotational support due to the shorter dynamical times for which the simulation runs. The higher resolution simulations do, however, point to fragmentation at small scales of the order of $\sim 100$ AU. In the highest resolution simulations a central object of a few times $10^2\ \rm{M_{\odot}}$ forms with multiple strongly bound, Jeans unstable, clumps of $\sim 10\ \rm{M_{\odot}}$ and radii of 10 - 20 AU suggesting the formation of dense star clusters in these haloes.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 18 pages. High Resolutions visualisations and movies available at http://www.helsinki.fi/~regan/visualisations.html
title: The Modulation of Visual Spatial Memory by Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation
Creators: name: Gkioka, Annita
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: It is now widely accepted that the vestibular system not only affects autonomic motor function but cognitive function too, most notably visuospatial learning and memory. While many studies have explored this association from a biological perspective, few have done so from a psychological one. The aim of this thesis was to identify a possible psychological mechanism by which the vestibular system specifically interacts with spatial memory processes. Artificially stimulating the vestibular system via trans-mastoidal galvanic current (aka GVS) provides a controlled means by which this vestibular-visual spatial interaction can be explored. In a previous study, we showed that search for a location of a 2-D static visual target was facilitated when that target location was initially encoded with in the presence of a brief, subsensory galvanic signal (L. Smith, Gkioka & Wilkinson, 2020). In Chapter 2, I replicated this GVS advantage in new 2-D visual arrays, showing that temporally co-incident vestibular activation can facilitate visual search and spatial memory in subsequent encounters of that same 2-D spatial representation presented during encoding. Chapter 3 explored whether this cross-modal priming would hold in a dynamic 3-D virtual environment, in which external landmarks were manipulated (present/absent) to test whether the GVS priming is dependent on the location of the target relative to other visual stimuli. The GVS prime was more effective in the presence of visual landmarks, whereby participants chose direct routes more frequently and navigated to the target location with higher accuracy. Finally in Chapter 4, I demonstrated that these beneficial priming effects were also evident in people with dementia who showed visuo-spatial short-term memory impairment. Together these studies suggest that the human brain can make use of momentary vestibular signals to help individuate the encoding of visuospatial memories. The results also provide justification for trialling the therapeutic effects of GVS in amnestic populations.
KОRPОRАTIV MОLIYАVIY MUNОSАBАTLАRNI SАMАRАLI TАSHKIL ЕTISHDА AKSIYALARNI OMMAVIY JOYLASHTIRISH AMALIYOTLARINING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Ergasheva, Sarvinoz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlarda iqtisodiyotni rivojlantirishda moliyaviy resurslarga katta ehtiyoj mavjud. Ushbu ehtiyojlarni qanoatlantirishda kapital bozori va u orqali jalb qilinadigan investitsiyalar muhim o'rin tutmoqda.
Can primordial magnetic fields be the origin of the BICEP2 data?
Creators: name: Bonvin, Camille
name: Durrer, Ruth
name: Maartens, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the B-mode signal in the CMB polarization seen by the BICEP2 experiment is confirmed, it has dramatic implications for models of inflation. The result is also in tension with Planck limits on standard inflationary models. It is therefore important to investigate whether this signal can arise from alternative sources. If so, this could lessen the pressure on inflationary models and the tension with Planck data. We investigate whether vector and tensor modes from primordial magnetic fields can explain the signal. We find that in principle, magnetic fields generated during inflation can indeed produce the required B-mode, for a suitable range of energy scales of inflation. In this case, the primordial gravitational wave amplitude is negligible, so that there is no tension with Planck and no problems posed for current inflationary models. However, the simplest magnetic model is in tension with Planck limits on non-Gaussianity in the trispectrum. It may be possible to fine-tune the magnetogenesis model so that this non-Gaussianity is suppressed. Alternatively, a weaker magnetic field can pass the non-Gaussianity constraints and allow the primordial tensor mode to be reduced to r~0.09, thus removing the tension with Planck data and alleviating the problems with simple inflationary models.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: POLARBEAR data added, main results unchanged; v3: fig.1 modified, discussion about the magnetic field contribution to the temperature added, main results unchanged, version accepted in PRL
Supplemental material for: Multiple routes to color convergence in a radiation of Neotropical poison frogs
Creators: name: Twomey, Evan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Convergent evolution
coloration
ultraconserved elements
Carotenoids
pterins
Dendrobatidae

description: Convergent evolution is defined as the independent evolution of similar phenotypes in different lineages. Its existence underscores the importance of external selection pressures in evolutionary history, revealing how functionally similar adaptations can evolve in response to persistent ecological challenges through a diversity of evolutionary routes. However, many examples of convergence, particularly among closely related species, involve parallel changes in the same genes or developmental pathways, raising the possibility that homology at deeper mechanistic levels is an important facilitator of phenotypic convergence. Using the genus Ranitomeya, a young, color-diverse radiation of Neotropical poison frogs, we set out to (1) provide a phylogenetic framework for this remarkable group, (2) leverage this framework to determine if color phenotypes are convergent, and (3) to characterize the underlying coloration mechanisms to test whether color convergence occurred through the same or different physical mechanisms. We generated a phylogeny for Ranitomeya using ultraconserved elements and investigated the physical mechanisms underlying bright coloration, focusing on skin pigments. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we identified several instances of color convergence, involving several gains and losses of carotenoid and pterin pigments. We also found a compelling example of nonparallel convergence, where, in one lineage, red coloration evolved through the red pterin pigment drosopterin, and in another lineage, through red ketocarotenoids. Additionally, in another lineage, "reddish" coloration evolved predominantly through structural color mechanisms. Our study demonstrates that, even within a radiation of closely related species, convergent evolution can occur through both parallel and nonparallel mechanisms, challenging the assumption that similar phenotypes among close relatives evolve through the same mechanisms.
description: Funding provided by: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002322
Award Number:
Probing the high scale SUSY in CP violations of K, B0 and Bs mesons
Creators: name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
name: Yamamoto, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the high scale SUSY at 10-50 TeV in the CP violations of K, B0 and Bs mesons. In order to estimate the contribution of the squark flavor mixing to these CP violations, we discuss the squark mass spectrum, which is consistent with the recent Higgs discovery. Taking the universal soft parameters at the SUSY breaking scale, we obtain the squark mass spectrum at 10 TeV and 50 TeV, where the SM emerges. Then, the 6times6 mixing matrix between down-squarks and down-quarks is discussed by input of the experimental data of K, B0 and Bs mesons.It is found that epsilon_K is most sensitive to the high scale SUSY. The SUSY contributions for the time-dependent CP asymmetries S_{ J/psi K_S} and S_{ J/psi phi} are 6-8% at the SUSY scale of 10 TeV. We also discuss the SUSY contribution to the chromo-EDM of the strange quark.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures; added discussion, updated figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1307.0374
Design, fabrication and characterization of the first AC-coupled silicon microstrip sensors in India
Creators: name: Aziz, T.
name: Chendvankar, S. R.
name: Mohanty, G. B.
name: Patil, M. R.
name: Rao, K. K.
name: Rani, Y. R.
name: Rao, Y. P. P.
name: Behnamian, H.
name: Mersi, S.
name: Naseri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports the design, fabrication and characterization of single-sided silicon microstrip sensors with integrated biasing resistors and coupling capacitors, produced for the first time in India. We have first developed a prototype sensor on a four-inch wafer. After finding suitable test procedures for characterizing these AC coupled sensors, we have fine-tuned various process parameters in order to produce sensors with the desired specifications.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, to appear in JINST
Simulation of Progressive Shear Failure in Railway Foundation
Creators: name: Li, Xu Dong
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Railway Subgrade
Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criteria
Visual Basic for AutoCAD (VBA)
Progressive Shear Failure
Matric Suction

description: Railways are one of the largest transportation networks in the world that play an important role in the mass transportation of both the passengers and freight. The speed of trains and as well as the axial load carrying capacity have been increasing significantly during the past few decades to keep in pace with the population and economy growth and to compete with other modes of transportation such as the road, air and water transportation system. Billions of dollars are spent annually for maintenance of rail tracks in the world. The efficient and optimum use of these funds is a challenging task that demands innovative and cutting edge technologies in railway engineering. The railway subgrade is an important part of railway foundation and should be capable of providing a suitable base supporting the ballast and subballast to accommodate the stresses due to traffic loads without failure or excessive deformation. The progressive shear failure is a well-known and age old challenging problem for railways over the world for centuries. The subgrade of railway track which typically constitutes of fine-grained material tends to fail through the accumulation of soil movements up- and sideward developing a path for the least resistance along which progressive shear failure occurs under repeated train-induced loads and due to the effects of climate factors. To-date, limited number of studies have addressed failure mechanism associated with the progressive shear failure, especially using the mechanics of unsaturated soils. In this thesis, a novel and first of its kind, Visual Basic program developed in AutoCAD environment based on Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria and unsaturated soil mechanics theory. This program is capable of taking account of the influence of matric suction and simulate progressive shear failure in the subgrade under moving train. Simulation results suggest several parameters that include stress distribution, matric suction, cohesion, coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest, and coefficient of residual friction as well as the angle of internal friction have a significant effect on the progressive shear failure and the shape of failure planes in the subgrade. The progressive shear failure in subgrade can be reduced by increasing matric suction, cohesion, coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest, and coefficient of residual friction as well as the angle of internal friction, and optimizing combination of these parameters. The simulation results suggest the progressive shear failure can be well simulated with the Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria. Several suggestions are made for railway subgrade construction and maintenance based on the results of this study.
Large eccentricity, low mutual inclination: the three-dimensional architecture of a hierarchical system of giant planets
Creators: name: Dawson, Rebekah I.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Fabrycky, Daniel C.
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Murray-Clay, Ruth A.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Cargile, Phillip A.
name: Clubb, Kelsey I.
name: Fulton, Benjamin J.
name: Hebb, Leslie
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Valenti, Jeff A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish the three-dimensional architecture of the Kepler-419 (previously KOI-1474) system to be eccentric yet with a low mutual inclination. Kepler-419b is a warm Jupiter at semi-major axis a = 0.370 +0.007/-0.006 AU with a large eccentricity e=0.85 +0.08/-0.07 measured via the "photoeccentric effect." It exhibits transit timing variations induced by the non-transiting Kepler-419c, which we uniquely constrain to be a moderately eccentric (e=0.184 +/- 0.002), hierarchically-separated (a=1.68 +/- 0.03 AU) giant planet (7.3 +/- 0.4 MJup). We combine sixteen quarters of Kepler photometry, radial-velocity (RV) measurements from the HIgh Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) on Keck, and improved stellar parameters that we derive from spectroscopy and asteroseismology. From the RVs, we measure the mass of inner planet to be 2.5+/-0.3MJup and confirm its photometrically-measured eccentricity, refining the value to e=0.83+/-0.01. The RV acceleration is consistent with the properties of the outer planet derived from TTVs. We find that, despite their sizable eccentricities, the planets are coplanar to within 9 +8/-6 degrees, and therefore the inner planet's large eccentricity and close-in orbit are unlikely to be the result of Kozai migration. Moreover, even over many secular cycles, the inner planet's periapse is most likely never small enough for tidal circularization. Finally, we present and measure a transit time and impact parameter from four simultaneous ground-based light curves from 1m-class telescopes, demonstrating the feasibility of ground-based follow-up of Kepler giant planets exhibiting large TTVs.
description: ApJ, in press. 12 pages plus appendices/references. Submitted March 12, 2014. Accepted June 12, 2014. Very similar to previous version except revised Figure 10 (diagram of angles), fixed incorrect bolding, and system renamed Kepler-419
MPEC 2023-F76 : 2023 FZ1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FZ1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Measurement of the inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes by pyrethroid pesticides
Creators: name: Renkel, Nicole
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Pyrethroids are a class of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) ubiquitously used as pesticides. These compounds are known to be metabolized by hydrolytic, oxidative, and conjugative means. The oxidative pathway is performed by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), which exhibit an overlap in having pyrethroids as substrates. This metabolic overlap produces a risk for enzyme inhibition, providing the focus of this study. It was hypothesized that pyrethroids would inhibit CYPs because metabolism of pyrethroids is shared across these critical pathways. Wistar rat liver microsomes (RLMs) were incubated with a spectrophotometric substrate, 7-ethoxyresorufin (7-ER), which is metabolized to resorufin via ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD), to measure CYP1A activity. In order to investigate potential gender differences in CYP profiles, all treatments were replicated in untreated male and female rat liver microsomes (RLMs). Measurement of EROD in male RLMs produced a Km of 9.83 ± 5.56 µM and a Vmax of 0.44 ± 0.14 nmol/min/mg protein, while female RLMs produced a Km of 7.84 ± 0.79 µM and a Vmax of 0.46 ± 0.02 nmol/min/mg protein. Co-incubation of 7-ER with permethrin or cypermethrin were used to determine inhibition concentrations. Upon addition of permethrin, male RLMs experienced up to 20% reduction in reaction velocity, while the female RLMs experienced up to 30% reduction. Male RLMs produced less than 10% reduction in reaction velocity when treated with cypermethrin, while the female RLMs produced up to 20% reduction. Subsequent incubations used combinations of permethrin and cypermethrin to determine if there was an additive effect. Combinations produced reaction velocities with non-significant reductions when compared to control, all were within 10%, in both the male or female RLMs. Pyrethroids inhibited CYP1A activity as measured by EROD and the female RLMs seem to be more sensitive to this inhibition. Despite co-administration of permethrin and cypermethrin, even at the highest individual inhibition concentrations, the inhibition produced was not additive, disproving the hypothesis.