cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lokalgeschichte zum Anfassen – »Archäologie für Schulen« in der Lippeaue von Hamm
Creators: name: Cichy, Eva
name: Ditthardt, Bastian
name: Rabsilber, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2020

description: -
description: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, ARCHÄOLOGIE IN WESTFALEN-LIPPE 2018 (2019)
Joachim Wirtz, Die Verschiebung der germ, p, t und k in den vor dem Jahre 1200 überlieferten Ortsnamen der Rheinlande
Creators: name: Draye, Henri
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Joachim Wirtz, Die Verschiebung der germ, p, t und k in den vor dem Jahre 1200 überlieferten Ortsnamen der Rheinlande. Heidelberg: Winter 1972. 184 Seiten, 13 Karten. (Beiträge zur Namenforschung NF Beiheft 9).
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 175 (1975): Bonner Jahrbücher
Vortex lattices for ultracold bosonic atoms in a non-Abelian gauge potential
Creators: name: Komineas, Stavros
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of coherent optical dressing of atomic levels allows the coupling of ultracold atoms to effective gauge fields. These can be used to generate effective magnetic fields, and have the potential to generate non-Abelian gauge fields. We consider a model of a gas of bosonic atoms coupled to a gauge field with U(2) symmetry, and with constant effective magnetic field. We include the effects of weak contact interactions by applying Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field theory. We study the effects of a U(2) non-Abelian gauge field on the vortex lattice phase induced by a uniform effective magnetic field, generated by an Abelian gauge field or, equivalently, by rotation of the gas. We show that, with increasing non-Abelian gauge field, the nature of the groundstate changes dramatically, with structural changes of the vortex lattice. We show that the effect of the non-Abelian gauge field is equivalent to the introduction of effective interactions with non-zero range. We also comment on the consequences of the non-Abelian gauge field for strongly correlated fractional quantum Hall states.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Chlorophorus annularis Chevrolat, Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, Mem.
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Chlorophorus
Chlorophorus annularis

description: 41.Chlorophorus annularis (Fabricius). Callidium annularis Fabricius, Mant. Ins. 1: 156, 1787. Chlorophorus annularis (Fabricius) Chevrolat, Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, Mem. 18: 290, 1863. Aurivillius, Coleopt. Catalog. (39): 402, 1912. Schultze, Philip. Jour. Sci. 11, D: 107, 1916. Merizo, April 24, Bryan; Barriga <la, Aug. 28, attracted to corn tassels, Swezey. Fullaway, 1911. The bamboo borer occurs in India, Burma, Siam, China, Japan, through the Malay Archipelago to New Guinea. It has been known in Hawaii since 1905, doubtless introduced in bamboo furniture or other articles.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1942, Miscellaneous Families of Guam Coleoptera, pp. 150-171 in Insects of Guam I, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 170, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5167701
"Water Feeding Water" - A New Type of Water Supply Association in Rural China
Creators: name: Monschein, Ylva
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: State involvement in public service functions in Chinese rural areas has steadily decreased in the wake of reforms and the development of the private sector. A prominent example of this is the field of rural water supply facilities, where the life expectancy of a vast range of technical schemes failed to be more than a few years in most cases. At the same time, the bottleneck of dwindling water resources has become a major challenge. The experience of a foreign-assisted development aid project in Shandong province demonstrates an alternative grass-roots approach to the regulatory framework, which is normally provided in a top-down fashion by policies. The experimental establishment of the first rural water association in one township marked the beginning of a spin-off development creating similar associations in other townships in several other counties and culminated in the establishment of the first county-wide organisations. This innovation is now on the verge of serving as a model on a much wider regional scale. The paper analyses the long processes of implementation and their implications for economically efficient and ecologically sound water management in rural China.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - 6/2007
Mid-infrared frequency combs
Creators: name: Schliesser, Albert
name: Picqué, Nathalie
name: Hänsch, Theodor W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser frequency combs are coherent light sources that emit a broad spectrum consisting of discrete, evenly spaced narrow lines, each having an absolute frequency measurable within the accuracy of an atomic clock. Their development, a decade ago, in the near-infrared and visible domains has revolutionized frequency metrology with numerous windfalls into other fields such as astronomy or attosecond science. Extension of frequency comb techniques to the mid-infrared spectral region is now under exploration. Versatile mid-infrared frequency comb generators, based on novel laser gain media, nonlinear frequency conversion or microresonators, promise to significantly expand the tree of applications of frequency combs. In particular, novel approaches to molecular spectroscopy in the fingerprint region, with dramatically improved precision, sensitivity, recording time and/or spectral bandwidth may spark off new discoveries in the various fields relevant to molecular sciences.
Radiation Transfer in the Cavity and Shell of Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Gray, M. D.
name: Matsuura, M.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approximate analytical solution for the transfer of line-averaged radiation in the hydrogen recombination lines for the ionized cavity and molecular shell of a spherically symmetric planetary nebula. The scattering problem is treated as a perturbation, using a mean intensity derived from a scattering-free solution. The analytical function was fitted to Halpha and Hbeta data from the planetary nebula NGC6537. The position of the maximum in the intensity profile produced consistent values for the radius of the cavity as a fraction of the radius of the dusty nebula: 0.21 for Halpha and 0.20 for Hbeta. Recovered optical depths were broadly consistent with observed optical extinction in the nebula, but the range of fit parameters in this case is evidence for a clumpy distribution of dust.
description: MNRAS accepted; 10 Figs
Large Magnetoresistance Oscillations in Mesoscopic Superconductors Due to Current-Excited Moving Vortices
Creators: name: Berdiyorov, G. R.
name: Milošević, M. V.
name: Latimer, M. L.
name: Xiao, Z. L.
name: Kwok, W. K.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show in the case of a superconducting Nb ladder that a mesoscopic superconductor typically exhibits magnetoresistance oscillations whose amplitude and temperature dependence are different from those stemming from the Little-Parks effect. We demonstrate that these large resistance oscillations (as well as the monotonic background on which they are superimposed) are due to {\it current-excited moving vortices}, where the applied current in competition with the oscillating Meissner currents imposes/removes the barriers for vortex motion in increasing magnetic field. Due to the ever present current in transport measurements, this effect should be considered in parallel with the Little-Parks effect in low-$T_c$ samples, as well as with recently proposed thermal activation of dissipative vortex-antivortex pairs in high-$T_c$ samples.
Carrier-induced modulation of radiation by a gated graphene
Creators: name: Strikha, M. V.
name: Vasko, F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modulation of the transmitted (reflected) radiation due to change of interband transitions under variation of carriers concentration by the gate voltage is studied theoretically. The calculations were performed for strongly doped graphene on high-K (Al_2O_3, HfO_2, AlN, and ZrO_2) or SiO_2 substrates under normal propagation of radiation. We have obtained the modulation depth above 10% depending on wavelength, gate voltage (i.e. carriers concentration), and parameters of substrate. The graphene - dielectric substrate - doped Si (as gate) structures can be used as an effective electrooptical modulator of near-IR and mid-IR radiation for the cases of high-K and SiO_2 substrates, respectively.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Anelastic spectroscopy study of the metal-insulator transition of Nd(1-x)EuxNiO3
Creators: name: Cordero, F.
name: Trequattrini, F.
name: Barbeta, V. B.
name: Jardim, R. F.
name: Torikachvili, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements are presented of the complex dynamic Young's modulus of NdNiO3 and Nd0.65Eu0.35NiO3 through the Metal-Insulator Transition (MIT). On cooling, the modulus presents a narrow dip at the MIT followed by an abrupt stiffening of ~6%. The anomaly is reproducible between cooling and heating in Nd0:65Eu0:35NiO3 but only appears as a slow stiffening during cooling in undoped NdNiO3, conformingly with the fact that the MIT in RNiO3 changes from strongly first order to second order when the mean R size is decreased. The elastic anomaly seems not to be associated with the antiferromagnetic transition, which is distinct from the MIT in Nd0.65Eu0.35NiO3. It is concluded that the steplike stiffening is due to the disappearance or freezing of dynamic Jahn- Teller (JT) distortions through the MIT, where the JT active Ni3+ is disproportionated into alternating Ni3+d and Ni3-d. The fluctuating octahedral JT distortion necessary to justify the observed jump in the elastic modulus is estimated as ~3%, but does not have a role in determining the MIT, since the otherwise expected precursor softening is not observed.
description: 11 pages, accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Extremal vs. Non-Extremal Correlators with Giant Gravitons
Creators: name: Caputa, Pawel
name: Koch, Robert de Mello
name: Zoubos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider extremal and non-extremal three-point functions of two giant gravitons and one point-like graviton using Schur polynomials in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory and holographically, using a semiclassical Born-Infeld analysis as well as bubbling geometries. For non-extremal three-point functions our computations using all three approaches are in perfect agreement. For extremal correlators we find that our results from the bubbling geometry analysis agree with existing results from the gauge theory. The semiclassical Born-Infeld computation for the extremal case is known to give a different answer, which we interpret as a manifestation of the known subtlety of holography for extremal correlators.
description: 1+23 pages
title: Associations of Elasmobranchs with Seagrass Habitats in Northwest Florida
Creators: name: Young, Kaila
name: Carlson, John
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0396y0w87
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: SEFSC Contribution SFD ; 2024-02
description: In northwest Florida, distribution patterns of juvenile coastal sharks vary by species. For example, bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, and spinner shark, C. brevipinna were consistently captured at higher rates in single areas or over a select group of bays (Mobile Bay, AL to Apalachicola Bay, FL), (Bethea et al., 2014). Further, species diversity varied potentially as a result of environmental conditions such as fluctuating salinity (Bethea et al., 2014). Similar results were found when describing elasmobranch spatial variations and community composition along environmental gradients in the Florida Big Bend (an expansive system that is about 300 km in length and bordered by one of North America’s largest seagrass beds (Peterson & Grubbs, 2020).
Auffinden - Zitieren - Dokumentieren
Creators: name: Vlaeminck, Sven
name: Toepfer, Ralf
name: Tochtermann, Klaus
name: Hausstein, Brigitte
name: Sure-Vetter, York
name: Riphahn, Regina
name: Fräßdorf, Mathis
name: Wagner, Gert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Abstract ; Der Wegweiser „Auffinden – Zitieren – Dokumentieren: Forschungsdaten in den Sozialwissenschaften“ greift einige grundsätzliche Aspekte im Umgang mit den Forschungsdaten auf und orientiert sich dabei an den Regeln guter wissenschaftlicher Praxis (DFG, 2013). Der Wegweiser soll nicht nur Nachwuchswissenschaftler beim Umgang mit Forschungsdaten unterstützen, sondern er ist auch für etablierte Wissenschaftler hilfreich. Sicher kann dieser Wegweiser nicht alle Fragen beantworten, die in diesem Zusammenhang bestehen, aber er liefert nützliche Hinweise zu elementaren Fragestellungen. Konkret soll dieser Wegweiser zum Ersten dazu dienen, passende Forschungsdaten für eigene empirische Untersuchungen zu finden. Dazu liefert er einen Überblick über relevante Quellen solcher Daten. Zum Zweiten werden Hinweise gegeben, wie verwendete Forschungsdaten wissenschaftlich korrekt zitiert werden können und was bei der Zitation zu beachten ist. Zum Dritten werden abschließend Ratschläge für eine sinnvolle Dokumentation von selbst erhobenen Forschungsdaten gegeben. ; Abstract ; The Guide "Location – Citation - Documentation: Research Data in the Social Sciences" picks up some fundamental aspects of the use of research data, and it is geared to the rules of good scientific practice (DFG, 2013). The aim is to support both young scientists and established scientists when dealing with research data. Certainly, this guide does not give answers to all the questions that exist in this context, but it provides useful information to the elementary ones. Firstly, this guide serves the researchers to find suitable research data for their own empirical studies. Besides it provides an overview of relevant sources of such data. Secondly, indications are given how to cite research data correctly and what to consider when citing. Thirdly, recommendations were designed for a meaningful documentation of one’s own data collection.
Investigating Meiotic Recombination and the Synaptonemal Complex in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: France, Martin Graham
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Meiotic crossovers reshuffle genetic material and are essential for accurate chromosome segregation. Crossovers are a product of meiotic recombination, a complex and highly regulated process, which occurs through the co-ordinated induction and repair of DNA double strand breaks. In the majority of sexually reproducing eukaryotes, the synaptonemal complex (a tripartite ultrastructure compromised of two closely apposed lateral elements adjoined by rod like transverse filaments) is installed between homologs during prophase I; this is essential for normal crossover formation. Using cytological techniques, fluorescent marker assays and novel CRISPR/Cas9 derived mutants the roles of the Arabidopsis thaliana transverse filament protein (ZYP1) were investigated. Additionally, this work also examined a candidate meiotic regulatory protein, the general transcription factor subunit TFIIFb2.This thesis reveals that in the absence of ZYP1, homologs are completely asynaptic yet chromosomes extensively and intimately align during prophase I. Furthermore, zyp1 retains near wild-type fertility and in the vast majority of cases homologs successfully and accurately crossover, though infrequently the obligate crossover is lost. This work shows that in zyp1 mutants HEI10 foci (a cytological marker of class I crossovers), counted at diplotene, are increased by ~2 fold compared to the wild type. Similarly, map lengths measured using fluorescently tagged lines were increased by ~1.5 fold in zyp1 compared to the wild-type. Despite this increase in recombination, zyp1 provides no rescue when crossed to msh5, instead zyp1 msh5 mutants show ~50% fewer chiasmata than msh5 single mutants, indicating that increased crossovers derive from the ZMM dependant class I pathway. In summary, this work reveals that zyp1 is an essential regulator of crossover control. Firstly, zyp1 is required to ensure all chromosomes receive an obligate crossover. Secondly, zyp1 is essential for the normal imposition of crossover interference which limits the occurrence of ZMM derived double crossovers.
Bedfordshire Town and Parish Populations, 1981,1986 and 1991
Creators: name: Bedfordshire County Council, Planning Department
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1988

description: Taking the 1981 Census of Population as a base and producing estimates for 1986 by using the changes in the electoral roll, institutional and service population to estimate town and parish populations and then by taking into account housing commitments for the next five years, forecasting 1991 town and parish populations.
Accretion of Jupiter's atmosphere from a supernova-contaminated molecular cloud
Creators: name: Throop, Henry
name: Bally, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If Jupiter and the Sun both formed directly from the same well-mixed proto-solar nebula, then their atmospheric compositions should be similar. However, direct sampling of Jupiter's troposphere indicates that it is enriched in elements such as C, N, S, Ar, Kr, and Xe by 2-6 times relative to the Sun. Most existing models to explain this enrichment require an extremely cold proto-solar nebula which allows these heavy elements to condense, and cannot easily explain the observed variations between these species. We find that Jupiter's atmospheric composition may be explained if the Solar System's disk heterogeneously accretes small amounts of enriched material such as supernova ejecta from the interstellar medium during Jupiter's formation. Our results are similar to, but substantially larger than, isotopic anomalies in terrestrial material that indicate the Solar System formed from multiple distinct reservoirs of material simultaneously with one or more nearby supernovae. Such temporal and spatial heterogeneities could have been common at the time of the Solar System's formation, rather than the cloud having a purely well-mixed `solar nebula' composition.
description: 33 pages including 7 figures, 1 table
Sentence-to-Label Generation Framework for Multi-task Learning of Japanese Sentence Classification and Named Entity Recognition
Creators: name: Gan, Chengguang
name: Zhang, Qinghao
name: Mori, Tatsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information extraction(IE) is a crucial subfield within natural language processing. In this study, we introduce a Sentence Classification and Named Entity Recognition Multi-task (SCNM) approach that combines Sentence Classification (SC) and Named Entity Recognition (NER). We develop a Sentence-to-Label Generation (SLG) framework for SCNM and construct a Wikipedia dataset containing both SC and NER. Using a format converter, we unify input formats and employ a generative model to generate SC-labels, NER-labels, and associated text segments. We propose a Constraint Mechanism (CM) to improve generated format accuracy. Our results show SC accuracy increased by 1.13 points and NER by 1.06 points in SCNM compared to standalone tasks, with CM raising format accuracy from 63.61 to 100. The findings indicate mutual reinforcement effects between SC and NER, and integration enhances both tasks' performance.
description: Accept in NLDB2023 as Long Paper
The Relative effectiveness of projects versus case studies in teaching entrepreneurship
Creators: name: McMullan, Carol
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: HB 615 M238 1990
subject: Entrepreneurship - Study and teaching

description: Bibliography: p. 72-79.
description: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the relative effectiveness of the project method compared to the case study approach in teaching entrepreneurship. The New Venture Program within the Faculty of Management at the University of Calgary has been using projects since 1984 by having students work as consultants for local entrepreneurs. Research exists which shows benefits to the entrepreneurs who have participated in the project courses. However, until this study, the benefits to the students have been unknown. A questionnaire was sent to both former and present Masters of Business Administration students asking for a comparative evaluat i on of the project and case study methods. This data was analysed using correlated T-tests. Information concerning incidence of business start-up was also collected in order to determine any relationship with the number of project courses taken. This data was analysed using a Kendall correlation. Results indicate that both methods are effective in teaching entrepreneurial skills and have similar advantages. However, projects are more effective in increasing student confidence in starting a business. Also, projects are more effective in achieving skills related to knowledge, comprehension, application, and evaluation as defined by Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. While projects are no more effective than case studies, both teaching methods increase interest in starting: a business, a high growth business, and a high technology business. While a relationship was found between the number of project courses taken and the incidence of subsequent business start-up, the direction of causality remains unknown. In addition to being more effective in increasing confidence in starting a business and in achieving most learning objectives, students also reported that projects provided a more valuable learning experience than did case studies. It was concluded that there is greater value in having graduate business students study other people's ventures through the use of projects than through case studies, although case study was also recognized as a valuable teaching method. While business schools teaching entrepreneurship should continue their use of the case study approach, the project method should likely be expanded.
High-frequency gate manipulation of a bilayer graphene quantum dot
Creators: name: Dröscher, S.
name: Güttinger, J.
name: Mathis, T.
name: Batlogg, B.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report transport data obtained for a double-gated bilayer graphene quantum dot. In Coulomb blockade measurements, the gate dielectric Cytop(TM) is found to provide remarkable electronic stability even at cryogenic temperatures. Moreover, we demonstrate gate manipulation with square shaped voltage pulses at frequencies up to 100 MHz and show that the signal amplitude is not affected by the presence of the capacitively coupled back gate.
The Unification and Cogeneration of Dark Matter and Baryonic Matter
Creators: name: Barr, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In grand unified theories with gauge groups larger than SU(5), the multiplets that contain the known quarks and leptons also contain fermions that are singlets under the Standard Model gauge group. Some of these could be the dark matter of the universe. Grand unified theories can also have accidental U(1) global symmetries (analogous to B-L in minimal SU(5)) that can stabilize dark matter. These ideas are illustrated in an SU(6) model.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, corrected typos and added references
The isomorphism type of the centralizer of an element in a Lie group
Creators: name: Duan, Haibao
name: Liu, Shali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E15, 53C35

description: Let G be an 1-connected simple Lie group, and let x\inG be a group element. We determine the isomorphism type of the centralizer C_{x} in term of a minimal geodesic joinning the group unit e\inG to x. This result is applied to classify the isomorphism types of maximal subgroups of maximal rank of G, and the isomorphism types of parabolic subgroups of G.
description: 35 pages; 5 tables
New eigen-mode of spin oscillations in the triplet superfluid condensate in neutron stars
Creators: name: Leinson, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigen mode of spin oscillations with $ω\simeq \sqrt{58/35}Δ$ is predicted to exist besides already known spin waves with $ω\simeqΔ/\sqrt{5}$ in the triplet superfluid neutron condensate in the inner core of neutron stars. The new mode is kinematically able to decay into neutrino pairs through neutral weak currents. The problem is considered in BCS approximation for the case of $^{3}P_{2}-^{3}F_{2}$ pairing with a projection of the total angular momentum $m_{j}=0$ which is conventionally considered as preferable one at supernuclear densities.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
National Countryside Monitoring Scheme; Cumbria, 1945-1949, 1970-1976
Creators: name: Nature Conservancy Council
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1988

description: The objectives of the NCMS are to establish a standard technically robust system for providing quanitiative data on the distribution and extent of defined structural components of the rural landscape during the 1940s and as near to the present day as possible so as to be able to estimate the changes that have occurred over this period of time.
All-optical four-state magnetization reversal in (Ga,Mn)As ferromagnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Kapetanakis, M. D.
name: Lingos, P. C.
name: Piermarocchi, C.
name: Wang, J.
name: Perakis, I. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density matrix equations of motion and a tight-binding band calculation, we predict all-optical switching between four metastable magnetic states of (III,Mn)As ferromagnets. This switching is initiated non-thermally within 100fs, during nonlinear coherent photoexcitation. For a single optical pulse, magnetization reversal is completed after $\sim$100 ps and controlled by the coherent femtosecond photoexcitation. Our predicted switching comes from magnetic nonlinearities triggered by a femtosecond magnetization tilt that is sensitive to un--adiabatic light--induced spin interactions.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, submitted in Applied Physics Letters
Quantum Non-Demolition Detection of Polar Molecule Complexes: Dimers, Trimers, Tetramers
Creators: name: Mekhov, Igor B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical nondestructive method for in situ detection of the bound states of ultracold polar molecules is developed. It promises a minimally destructive measurement scheme up to a physically exciting quantum non-demolition (QND) level. The detection of molecular complexes beyond simple pairs of quantum particles (dimers, known, e.g., from the BEC-BCS theory) is suggested, including three-body (trimers) and four-body (tertramers) complexes trapped by one-dimensional tubes. The intensity of scattered light is sensitive to the molecule number fluctuations beyond the mean-density approximation. Such fluctuations are very different for various complexes, which leads to radically different light scattering. This type of research extends "quantum optics of quantum gases" to the field of ultracold molecules. Merging the quantum optical and ultracold gas problems will advance the experimental efforts towards the study of the light-matter interaction at its ultimate quantum level, where the quantizations of both light and matter are equally important.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
MyDigitalFootprint: an extensive context dataset for pervasive computing applications at the edge
Creators: name: Campana, Mattia Giovanni
name: Delmastro, Franca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The widespread diffusion of connected smart devices has contributed to the rapid expansion and evolution of the Internet at its edge. Personal mobile devices interact with other smart objects in their surroundings, adapting behavior based on rapidly changing user context. The ability of mobile devices to process this data locally is crucial for quick adaptation. This can be achieved through a single elaboration process integrated into user applications or a middleware platform for context processing. However, the lack of public datasets considering user context complexity in the mobile environment hinders research progress. We introduce MyDigitalFootprint, a large-scale dataset comprising smartphone sensor data, physical proximity information, and Online Social Networks interactions. This dataset supports multimodal context recognition and social relationship modeling. It spans two months of measurements from 31 volunteer users in their natural environment, allowing for unrestricted behavior. Existing public datasets focus on limited context data for specific applications, while ours offers comprehensive information on the user context in the mobile environment. To demonstrate the dataset's effectiveness, we present three context-aware applications utilizing various machine learning tasks: (i) a social link prediction algorithm based on physical proximity data, (ii) daily-life activity recognition using smartphone-embedded sensors data, and (iii) a pervasive context-aware recommender system. Our dataset, with its heterogeneity of information, serves as a valuable resource to validate new research in mobile and edge computing.
Twinkling pulsar wind nebulae in the synchrotron cut-off regime and the gamma-ray flares in the Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Bykov, A. M.
name: Pavlov, G. G.
name: Artemyev, A. V.
name: Uvarov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchrotron radiation of ultra-relativistic particles accelerated in a pulsar wind nebula may dominate its spectrum up to gamma-ray energies. Because of the short cooling time of the gamma-ray emitting electrons, the gamma-ray emission zone is in the immediate vicinity of the acceleration site. The particle acceleration likely occurs at the termination shock of the relativistic striped wind, where multiple forced magnetic field reconnections provide strong magnetic fluctuations facilitating Fermi acceleration processes. The acceleration mechanisms imply the presence of stochastic magnetic fields in the particle acceleration region, which cause stochastic variability of the synchrotron emission. This variability is particularly strong in the steep gamma-ray tail of the spectrum, where modest fluctuations of the magnetic field lead to strong flares of spectral flux. In particular, stochastic variations of magnetic field, which may lead to quasi-cyclic gamma-ray flares, can be produced by the relativistic cyclotron ion instability at the termination shock. Our model calculations of the spectral and temporal evolution of synchrotron emission in the spectral cut-off regime demonstrate that the intermittent magnetic field concentrations dominate the gamma-ray emission from highest energy electrons and provide fast, strong variability even for a quasi-steady distribution of radiating particles. The simulated light curves and spectra can explain the very strong gamma-ray flares observed in the Crab nebula and the lack of strong variations at other wavelengths. The model predicts high polarization in the flare phase, which can be tested with future polarimetry observations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, MNRAS in press
title: The Hawaii - California Pelagic Longline Vessels Semi-annual Report 1 January–30 June 2022
Creators: name: Ito, Russell
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02apffz65
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: PIFSC data report ; DR-23-35
description: The Hawaii - California pelagic longline logbook report for the first half of 2022 (1 January–30 June; PIFSC 2023) contains summary data of fishing effort and catch statistics as reported from electronic or paper longline log sheets submitted by Hawaii and California-based pelagic longline fishers. Catch and effort statistics are based on date of longline haul.
Classical Lagrangians for Momentum Dependent Lorentz Violation
Creators: name: Colladay, Don
name: McDonald, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Certain momentum-dependent terms in the fermion sector of the Lorentz-violating Standard Model Extension (SME) yield solvable classical lagrangians of a type not mentioned in the literature. These cases yield new relatively simple examples of Finsler and pseudo-Finsler structures. One of the cases involves antisymmetric $d$-type terms and yields a new example of a relatively simple covariant lagrangian.
description: 14 pages
Spatially-dependent sensitivity of superconducting meanders as single-photon detectors
Creators: name: Berdiyorov, G. R.
name: Milošević, M. V.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photo-response of a thin current-carrying superconducting stripe with a 90-degree turn is studied within the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory. We show that the photon acting near the inner corner (where the current density is maximal due to the current crowding [J. R. Clem and K. K. Berggren, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 84}, 174510 (2011)]) triggers the nucleation of superconducting vortices at currents much smaller than the expected critical one, but {\it does not} bring the system to a higher resistive state and thus remains undetected. The transition to the resistive state occurs only when the photon hits the stripe away from the corner due to there uniform current distribution across the sample, and dissipation is due to the nucleation of a kinematic vortex-antivortex pair near the photon incidence. We propose strategies to account for this problem in the measurements.
Vulnerability and warrent: an examination of Quine's maxim of minimum mutilation
Creators: name: Hudak, Brent
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Q 175 H83 1990
subject: Science - Philosophy
subject: Quine, W. V. (Willard Van Orman), 1908- - Contributions in philosophy of science
subject: Holism

description: Bibliography: p. 92-95.
Additional file 3 of Social vulnerability indices: a scoping review
Creators: name: Mah, Jasmine Cassy
name: Penwarden, Jodie Lynn
name: Pott, Henrique
name: Theou, Olga
name: Andrew, Melissa Kathryn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Characteristics, composition and outcomes of original social vulnerability indices (in white), and characteristics and outcomes replicated social vulnerability indices (in grey).
Natural and laser-induced cavitation in corn stems: On the mechanisms of acoustic emissions
Creators: name: Fernández, E.
name: Fernández, R. J.
name: Bilmes, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water in plant xylem is often superheated, and therefore in a meta-stable state. Under certain conditions, it may suddenly turn from the liquid to the vapor state. This cavitation process produces acoustic emissions. We report the measurement of ultrasonic acoustic emissions (UAE) produced by natural and induced cavitation in corn stems. We induced cavitation and UAE in vivo, in well controlled and reproducible experiments, by irradiating the bare stem of the plants with a continuous-wave laser beam. By tracing the source of UAE, we were able to detect absorption and frequency filtering of the UAE propagating through the stem. This technique allows the unique possibility of studying localized embolism of plant conduits, and thus to test hypotheses on the hydraulic architecture of plants. Based on our results, we postulate that the source of UAE is a transient "cavity oscillation" triggered by the disruptive effect of cavitation inception.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
High contrast experiment of an AO-free coronagraph with a checkerboard pupil mask
Creators: name: Enya, K.
name: Abe, L.
name: Tanaka, S.
name: Nakagawa, T.
name: Haze, K.
name: Sato, T.
name: Wakayama, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high contrast coronagraph is expected to provide one of the promising ways to directly observe extra-solar planets. We present the newest results of our laboratory experiment investigating "rigid" coronagraph with a binary shaped checkerboard pupil mask, which should offer a highly stable solution for telescopes without adaptive optics (AO) for wavefront correction in space missions. The primary aim of this work was to study the stability of the coronagraph, and to demonstrate its performance without adaptive wavefront correction. Estimation of both the raw contrast and the gain of the point spread function (PSF) subtraction were needed. The limiting factor of the contrast was also important. A binary shaped pupil mask of a checkerboard type has been designed. The mask, consisting of an aluminum film on a glass substrate, was manufactured using nano-fabrication techniques with electron beam lithography. Careful evaluation of coronagraphic performance, including PSF subtraction, was carried out in air using the developed mask. A contrast of $6.7 \times 10^{-8}$ was achieved for the raw coronagraphic image by areal averaging of all of the observed dark regions. Following PSF subtraction, the contrast reached $6.8 \times 10^{-9}$. Speckles were a major limiting factor throughout the dark regions of both the raw image and the PSF subtracted image. A rigid coronagraph with PSF subtraction without AO is a useful method to achieve high contrast observations. Applications of a rigid coronagraph to a Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) and other platforms are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Explicit zero density theorems for Dedekind zeta functions
Creators: name: Kadiri, Habiba
name: Ng, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M41 (Primary) 11R42 (Secondary)

description: This article studies the zeros of Dedekind zeta functions. In particular, we establish a smooth explicit formula for these zeros and we derive an effective version of the Deuring-Heilbronn phenomenon. In addition, we obtain an explicit bound for the number of zeros in a box.
description: 24 pages
The Yishuv in Eretz-Israel and the holocaust, 1939-1943
Creators: name: Argaman, Yosef
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: D 804.3 A74 1990
subject: Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) - Public opinion
subject: Israel - Public opinion

description: Bibliography: p. 141-147.
description: During the years between 1939-1945, the Jewish People faced a tragedy which was unprecedented in human history; systematic and organized genocide. One of the primary problems during this period was the attempt to save European Jewry from extermination. This problem was faced by the Yishuv in Eretz Israel as well, which was then in the midst of its struggle to establish the future Jewish state in Eretz Israel. The nascent Yishuv, which numbered only half a million people at this time, faced a difficult question of priorities: whether to devote most of its resources to efforts aimed at the saving of European Jewry or to the building of the future state.
The Yarkovsky Drift's Influence on NEAs: Trends and Predictions with NEOWISE Measurements
Creators: name: Nugent, C. R.
name: Mainzer, A.
name: Masiero, J.
name: Grav, T.
name: Bauer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used WISE-derived geometric albedos (p_V) and diameters, as well as geometric albedos and diameters from the literature, to produce more accurate diurnal Yarkovsky drift predictions for 540 near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) out of the current sample of \sim 8,800 known objects. As ten of the twelve objects with the fastest predicted rates have observed arcs of less than a decade, we list upcoming apparitions of these NEAs to facilitate observations.
description: Accepted for publication by The Astronomical Journal. 41 pages, 3 figures
Trends in Higher Education in Northern Ireland and in the Social and Spatial Mobility of Northern Ireland Undergraduates, 1980 and 1985
Creators: name: Cormack, R. J.
name: Miller, R. L.
name: Williamson, A. P.
name: Osborne, R. D.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1988

description: This study comprises the data from two ESRC-supported research projects. The first, carried out in 1980, surveyed by postal questionnaire, all entrants who received a higher education grant from the Northern Irish Education and Library Board in 1973 and 1979. In addition, the 1973 cohort, who by 1980 had left their undergraduate degree courses, were questioned about their present (1980) activities. The second study, carried out in 1985/1986 is an extension and replication of the first.
 A later study Higher Education in Northern Ireland : Participation and the Graduate Labour Market, 1991-1992 is held at The Data Archive under SN:3467.
Real-time quantum feedback prepares and stabilizes photon number states
Creators: name: Sayrin, Clément
name: Dotsenko, Igor
name: Zhou, Xingxing
name: Peaudecerf, Bruno
name: Rybarczyk, Théo
name: Gleyzes, Sébastien
name: Rouchon, Pierre
name: Mirrahimi, Mazyar
name: Amini, Hadis
name: Brune, Michel
name: Raimond, Jean-Michel
name: Haroche, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feedback loops are at the heart of most classical control procedures. A controller compares the signal measured by a sensor with the target value. It adjusts then an actuator in order to stabilize the signal towards its target. Generalizing this scheme to stabilize a micro-system's quantum state relies on quantum feedback, which must overcome a fundamental difficulty: the measurements by the sensor have a random back-action on the system. An optimal compromise employs weak measurements providing partial information with minimal perturbation. The controller should include the effect of this perturbation in the computation of the actuator's unitary operation bringing the incrementally perturbed state closer to the target. While some aspects of this scenario have been experimentally demonstrated for the control of quantum or classical micro-system variables, continuous feedback loop operations permanently stabilizing quantum systems around a target state have not yet been realized. We have implemented such a real-time stabilizing quantum feedback scheme. It prepares on demand photon number states (Fock states) of a microwave field in a superconducting cavity and subsequently reverses the effects of decoherence-induced field quantum jumps. The sensor is a beam of atoms crossing the cavity which repeatedly performs weak quantum non-demolition measurements of the photon number. The controller is implemented in a real-time computer commanding the injection, between measurements, of adjusted small classical fields in the cavity. The microwave field is a quantum oscillator usable as a quantum memory or as a quantum bus swapping information between atoms. By demonstrating that active control can generate non-classical states of this oscillator and combat their decoherence, this experiment is a significant step towards the implementation of complex quantum information operations.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Quantum fluctuation theorem in an interacting setup: point contacts in fractional quantum Hall edge state devices
Creators: name: Komnik, A.
name: Saleur, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We verify the validity of the Cohen-Gallavotti fluctuation theorem for the strongly correlated problem of charge transfer through an impurity in a chiral Luttinger liquid, which is realizable experimentally as a quantum point contact in a fractional quantum Hall edge state device. This is accomplished via the development of an analytical method to calculate the full counting statistics (FCS) of the problem in all the parameter regimes involving the temperature, the Hall voltage, and the gate voltage.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures