Jullienula ortmanni
Creators: name: Martino, Emanuela Di
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gymnolaemata
Cheilostomatida
Cribrilinidae
Jullienula
Jullienula ortmanni

description: Jullienula ortmanni (Silén, 1941)
(Fig. 30; Table 28)
Figularia? ortmanni Silén, 1941: 120, fig. 181.
Jullienula ortmanni: Yang et al., 2018: 225.
Material examined. Holotype by original designation UPSZTY 191144 A and, on the same substrate (i.e. scaphopod shell), paratype UPSZTY 191144 B, Okinose, Sagami, Japan; depth 600 m. Leg. Prof. S. Bock 1914.
Description. Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar (Fig. 30A).
Ancestrula tatiform with oval outline (435–440 × 300–330 µm) and at least 17 spines surrounding the pear-shaped opesia (355–395 × 230 µm); spines variably spaced, 20–25 µm in diameter at the base, those preserved 140–145 µm long overarching the frontal membrane, lodged on a smooth, narrow gymnocyst (30–75 µm wide), steeply sloping towards the substrate (Fig. 30D); one smaller (360–390 × 270–275 µm) and two larger (430–470 × 295–330 µm) autozooids budded distally and distolaterally from the ancestrula, respectively.
Autozooids rounded-hexagonal to oval, longer than wide (mean L/ W 1.38), distinct, separated by deep grooves (Fig. 30A); frontal shield costate, consisting of 14–21 (more commonly 16) costae, 40–80 µm wide proximally, originating at zooidal margin; costae meeting along an undulate median suture line, triangular except for the distalmost pair more parallel-sided and forming the proximal margin of the orifice and its lateral indentations; adjacent costae separated by numerous (up to 10) slit-like lacunae, 10–15 µm long; a single, minute, circular (10–15 µm in diameter), costal pseudopore observed in the majority of costae at the inner tip (Fig. 30B).
Orifice dimorphic: bell-shaped with straight or slightly convex proximal margin and blunt condyles in autozooids; slightly shorter and wider, and more trifoliate because of a more convex proximal margin and stouter condyles in ovicellate zooids (Fig. 30B, C).
Ovicells cap-like, kenozooidal; ooecium smooth, imperforate (Fig. 30A, B).
The single kenozooid observed 210 µm long by 370 µm wide, irregularly polygonal with the frontal entirely occupied by the costate shield formed of eight costae and lacking an opening (Fig. 30D, see asterisk). Avicularia seemingly absent.
Remarks. Silén (1941) tentatively placed this species in Figularia, aware that the structure of the costal shield and of the ooecium differed from typical Figularia species. As several other doubtful species of Figularia (see López-Gappa et al. 2021; Rosso et al. 2021), F.? ortmanni was first transferred to Cribrilina Gray, 1848 (e.g. Hirose 2010), and subsequently moved to Jullienula (Yang et al. 2018), which seems indeed the best fit.
Yang et al. (2018) reported the absence of costal and ooecial pseudopores as the main difference between this species and other species of Jullienula, such as J. hippocrepis and J. erinae. While the absence of ooecial pores is here confirmed, a minute costal pseudopore was observed in most costae (e.g. Fig. 30B, see arrows).
Ancestrulae were observed and measured from the two paratypes, both young colonies consisting of 10 (plus a kenozooid) and 15 autozooids, respectively.
Recent molecular sequences place the type species of Jullienula, J. hippocrepis (Hincks, 1882), as sister clade of Valdemunitella and Klugeflustra (Cuevas et al. in preparation), suggesting that despite having true costae Jullienula is not a cribrilinid and should be transferred to the Calloporidae, analogously to Membraniporella nitida (Johnston, 1838) (see Lidgard et al. 2012), or species of Valdemunitella (i.e. V. huttoni and V. spinea) formerly included in the cribrilinid genus Figularia (Brown 1952; Gordon 1984, 1986; López-Gappa et al. 2021).
description: Published as part of Martino, Emanuela Di, 2023, Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén's cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden, pp. 1-106 in Zootaxa 5379 (1) on pages 58-59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5379.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10209083