cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 6 of Schisandra chinensis bee pollen’s chemical profiles and protective effect against H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes
Creators: name: Shi, Peiying
name: Geng, Qianqian
name: Chen, Lifu
name: Du, Tianyu
name: Lin, Yan
name: Lai, Rongcai
name: Meng, Fei
name: Wu, Zhenhong
name: Miao, Xiaoqing
name: Yao, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6: The effect of SCBPE on cell survival rate of H9c2 cells. * Compared with H2O2 group, p < 0.01. # SCBPE+H2O2 groups compared with Vc + H2O2 group, p < 0.05.
Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Suidae
Sus
Sus scrofa

description: Sus scrofa [spec. nov.]
S. dorso antice setoso, cauda pilosa. Fn. svec. 36. Syst. nat. 12.
Aper. Gesn. quadr. 146. Aldr. bisulc. 1013. Jonst. quadr. 74. Raj. quadr. 96.
Sus. Gesn. quadr. 872. Aldr. bisulc. 937. Jonst. quadr. t. 47. Raj. quadr. 92.
Sus chinensis. It. Wgoth. 62. It. Scan. 72.
Habitat in Europa australiore.
Aper vix differt a Sue domestico, nisi quod lanam inter setas non habeat.
Chinensis dorso subnudo, abdomine ad terram usque dependente differt.
Varietas frequens Upsaliae Suis domestici semper monunguli, in caeteris eadem species.
Animal odore pollens, naribus fodiens: tendinibus truncandis; quisquilias, stercus, succulenta, variaque spurcata vorans; multa seligens; pinguissimum, stupidum, somnolentum, tempestatum praenuncium & impatiens; apricatur in sole, in coeno se volutat, immundum, grunniens, accurrit clamanti adversus hostem spumante ore dentibusque horrens, Crotalis infestum; tardum venere: pene laxo longo; mammis numerosissimis, prole innumera; laborat pediculis, scabie, scrophulis, pipere. Ganeae numerosa materies, Atletis & exercitatis salubris, non vero criticis; saccharo s. ficu inprimis altilis laudatur: inde Pernae, Sincipitia, Trunculi, Costae, Sumina, Vulvae, Isicia, Botuli, Juscula; at stercus in fluxu sanguineo valet.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 49, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
La transgresión de las leyes colombianas desde los actos macrocriminales en Noticia de un secuestro (1996)
Creators: name: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470520
subject: Literature in Spanish and Portuguese
classificationCode: 470507
subject: Comparative and transnational literature

description: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel (2024). «La transgresión de las leyes colombianas desde los actos macrocriminales en Noticia de un secuestro (1996)», en: Leteo. Revista de Investigación y Producción en Humanidades. Chihuahua, México: Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. Vol. 5, n.° 9, enero-junio, pp. 11-25. Disponible en https://revistascientificas.uach.mx/index.php/leteo/article/view/1496
Metal-mediated redox manipulations of CO2 and CO towards 11C for PET imaging
Creators: name: Anders, David Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis is concerned with the development of the first electrochemical [11C]CO2 to [11C]CO reduction with the ultimate aim of generating a device that could not only carry out the initial conversion but also trap the subsequent product ([11C]CO) and release it in a controlled manner so that [11C]CO may become more widely adapted within the PET radiochemistry field. The opening chapter focusses on the use of PET for biomedical imaging with a particular focus on the cyclotron generated isotopes 18F, 13N, 15O and 11C and the current tracers in clinical use. The chapter will then address the shortage of tracers in the clinic made from [11C]CO2 and [11C]CO later discussing current research into utilising both of these gases and the challenges that arise for using [11C]CO as a precursor. Chapter 2 begins by introducing electrochemical CO2 reduction and the current state of the art as far as both homogeneous and heterogeneous CO2 reduction are concerned. Building on the work already done on Ni(cyclam), the results section will begin exploring Ni(cyclam)’s ability to poison itself with CO and release it over time with a gas chromatography study. This will be followed by discussion about the benefits and disadvantages of using a Zn(cyclen) catalyst which was used for the first time as a CO2 reduction catalyst. Chapter 3 shows a solid support gold coated nanoparticle being used for CO2 reduction. The catalysts trialled in Chapter 2 and 3 are then used in the radiochemistry lab in chapter 4 to convert [11C]CO2 to [11C]CO in aqueous conditions and converted the [11C]CO to [11C]N-benzylbenzamide using a two vial set-up. This demonstrated the first electrochemical conversion in a PET chemistry setting. Trapping of [11C]CO2 within the electrochemical cell was improved by adding base before adding acid to release it. Improvements were sort by altering the electrode set-up and moving to organic solvents. Chapter 5 describes the synthesis and characterisation of known and novel porphyrin and corrole complexes with local proton sources designed in the ligand to help CO2 reduction in organic solvents. A selection of these were then solid supported onto a carbon black electrode in chapter 6 and trialled as CO2 reduction catalysts and potential ability as a reversible CO store in preparation for further radiochemical experiments.
Avian influenza H9N2 haemagglutinin: molecular basis of antigenicity and receptor binding
Creators: name: Peacock, Thomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: H9N2 avian influenza viruses are enzootic in poultry across much of Asia and North Africa. These viruses are also zoonotic and are considered potential pandemic candidates. Vaccination of poultry is employed to try and reduce the disease impact; however vaccine effectiveness is regularly compromised due to antigenic drift. The focus of this thesis, therefore, is to evaluate molecular markers in the H9N2 major antigen, haemagglutinin (HA), which influence virus antigenicity and zoonotic potential. Initially, the antigenic variability, as well as zoonotic potential, of field H9N2 viruses was assessed. Similarly to human influenza viruses, H9N2 viruses exhibit a large variability in their antigenic cross-reactivity. It was found that circulating H9N2 HAs have receptor binding and a pH of fusion similar to that of pandemic influenza HAs indicating these lineages may pose a particular zoonotic risk. Mapping of the antigenic sites of the H9N2 HA was undertaken using a variety of different methods. These revealed novel residues responsible for the antigenic variability of H9N2 viruses that mostly fell into two discrete antigenic sites designated ‘H9-A’ and ‘H9-B’. Additionally, the molecular basis of receptor binding preference was investigated revealing several residues responsible for virus binding to different receptor analogues. Finally, a group of mutants with amino acid deletions in their receptor binding site were assessed for their zoonotic potential and replicative fitness in vitro and in vivo. It was concluded that these viruses retained the ability to infect birds, could potentially arise in nature due to immune pressure and could pose a greater zoonotic threat than the parental virus. Overall, these results will help guide future vaccine seed strain selection, surveillance for vaccine breakdown and the emergence of novel, more zoonotic variants, as well as give a better understanding of the basic biology of these viruses.
Secondary Infall: Theory {\it Versus} Simulations
Creators: name: Zaroubi, Saleem
name: Naim, Avi
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The applicability of the highly idealized secondary infall model to `realistic' initial conditions is investigated. The collapse of proto-halos seeded by $3σ$ density perturbations to an Einstein--de Sitter universe is studied here for a variety of scale-free power spectra with spectral indices ranging from $n=1$ to $-2$. Initial conditions are set by the constrained realization algorithm and the dynamical evolution is calculated both analytically and numerically. The analytic calculation is based on the simple secondary infall model where spherical symmetry is assumed. A full numerical simulation is performed by a Tree N-body code where no symmetry is assumed. A hybrid calculation has been performed by using a monopole term code, where no symmetry is imposed on the particles but the force is approximated by the monopole term only. The main purpose of using such code is to suppress off-center mergers. In all cases studied here the rotation curves calculated by the two numerical codes are in agreement over most of the mass of the halos, excluding the very inner region, and these are compared with the analytically calculated ones. The main result obtained here, reinforces the foundings of many N-body experements, is that the collapse proceeds 'gently' and not {\it via} violent relaxation. There is a strong correlation of the final energy of individual particles with the initial one. In particular we find a preservation of the ranking of particles according to their binding energy. In cases where the analytic model predicts non-increasing rotation curves its predictions are confirmed by the simulations. Otherwise, sensitive dependence on initial conditions is found and the analytic model fails completely.
description: 21 pages, 1 table, TeX file, figures provided upon request, accepted for publication in ApJ, CfPA-95-TH-25
Additional file 1 of Association of nitrite inhalants use and unprotected anal intercourse and HIV/syphilis infection among MSM in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Yonghui
name: Bao, Rantong
name: Leuba, Sequoia I.
name: Li, Jiaming
name: Wang, Hongyi
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Chu, Zhenxing
name: Geng, Wenqing
name: Jiang, Yongjun
name: Xu, Junjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PRISMA Checklist. It contains a list of 27 items that describe what information to include.
Calculating spherical harmonics without derivatives
Creators: name: Weitzman, M.
name: Freericks, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivation of spherical harmonics is the same in nearly every quantum mechanics textbook and classroom. It is found to be difficult to follow, hard to understand, and challenging to reproduce by most students. In this work, we show how one can determine spherical harmonics in a more natural way based on operators and a powerful identity called the exponential disentangling operator identity (known in quantum optics, but little used elsewhere). This new strategy follows naturally after one has introduced Dirac notation, computed the angular momentum algebra, and determined the action of the angular momentum raising and lowering operators on the simultaneous angular momentum eigenstates (under $\hat L^2$ and $\hat L_z$).
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 4: of Evolution in chronic cold: varied loss of cellular response to heat in Antarctic notothenioid fish
Creators: name: Bilyk, Kevin
name: Vargas-Chacoff, Luis
name: C.-H.Christina Cheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Investigating the Role of the FDR Threshold on the Detected Biological Response. (DOCX 19 kb)
SIGMA and XTE observations of the soft X-ray transient XTEJ1755-324
Creators: name: Goldoni, P.
name: Vargas, M.
name: Goldwurm, A.
name: Paul, J.
name: Borrel, V.
name: Jourdain, E.
name: Bouchet, L.
name: Roques, J. -P.
name: Revnivtsev, M.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Gilfanov, M.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Dyachkov, A.
name: Khavenson, N.
name: Tserenin, I.
name: Kuleshova, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the X-ray transient XTEJ1755-324 performed during summer 1997 with the XTE satellite and with the SIGMA hard X-ray telescope onboard the GRANAT observatory. The source was first detected in soft X-rays with XTE on July 25 1997 with a rather soft X-ray spectrum and its outburst was monitored in soft X-rays up to November 1997. On September 16 it was first detected in hard X-rays by the French soft gamma ray telescope SIGMA during a Galactic Center observation. The flux was stronger on September 16 and 17 reaching a level of about 110 mCrab in the 40-80 keV energy band. On the same days the photon index of the spectrum was determined to be alpha =-2.3 +/- 0.9 (1 sigma error) while the 40-150 keV luminosity was about 8 x 10^{36} erg/s for a distance of 8.5 kpc. SIGMA and XTE results on this source indicate that this source had an ultrasoft-like state during its main outburst and a harder secondary outburst in September. These characteristics make the source similar to X-Nova Muscae 1991, a well known black hole candidate.
description: 19 pages LaTeX, 6 Postscript figures included, Accepted by Astrophysical Journal
Star Cluster Evolution, Dynamical Age Estimation and the Kinematical Signature of Star Formation
Creators: name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use N-body integration to follow the evolution of clusters of 200 binary systems with different initial half mass radii $R_{0.5}$. We also simulate single-star clusters. All clusters evolve according to the same $n(t)$ curve, where $n(t)$ is the number density of stars in the central 2~pc sphere at time $t$. $n(t)$ and the lifetime are independent of (i) the inital proportion of binaries and (ii) the initial $R_{0.5}$. Mass segregation measures the dynamical age of the cluster. The proportion of binaries in the central cluster region is a sensitive indicator of the initial cluster concentration. If most stars form in binaries in a typical embedded cluster which is located at the edge of a giant molecular cloud, then we estimate that at most about 10~per cent of all pre-main sequence stars achieve near escape velocities from the molecular cloud. The large ejection velocities resulting from close encounters between binary systems imply a `halo' distribution of young stars over large areas surrounding star forming sites which is expected to have a significantly reduced binary proportion and a significantly increased proportion of stars with depleted circumstellar disks. We compare the time dependent model single star and system luminosity function in the central cluster region with the observational Hyades and Pleiades luminosity functions and find no evidence for different dynamical properties of stellar systems at birth in the Hyades, Pleiades and Galactic field stellar samples. The observed proportion of binary stars in the very young Trapezium Cluster is consistent with the early dynamical evolution of a cluster with a very high initial stellar number density.
description: MNRAS (in press), 27 pages, plain TeX, includes Tables A-1, A-2 A-3, figures available on request. The estimate of the birth mass of the Pleiades cluster has been improved, and a few minor changes to the text have been made
Multiplicity among T Tauri stars in OB and T associations: Implications for binary star formation
Creators: name: Brandner, Wolfgang
name: Alcala, Juan M.
name: Kunkel, Michael
name: Moneti, Andrea
name: Zinnecker, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results of a survey for companions among X-ray selected pre-main sequence stars, most of them being weak-line T Tauri stars (WTTS). These T Tauri stars have been identified in the course of optical follow-up observations of sources from the ROSAT All Sky Survey associated with star forming regions. The areas surveyed include the T associations of Chamaeleon and Lupus as well as Upper Scorpius, the latter being part of the Scorpius Centaurus OB association (Sco OB 2). Using SUSI at the NTT under subarcsec seeing conditions we observed 195 T Tauri stars through a 1$μ$m ("Z") filter and identified companions to 31 of them (among these 12 subarcsec binaries). Based on statistical arguments we conclude that almost all of them are indeed physical (i.e. gravitationally bound) binary or multiple systems. For 10 systems located in Upper Scorpius and Lupus, we additionally obtained spatially resolved near-infrared photometry in the J, H, and K bands with the MPIA 2.2m telescope at ESO, La Silla. The near-infrared colours of the secondaries are consistent with those of dwarfs and are clearly distinct from those of late type giant stars. Based on astrometric measurements of some binaries we show that the components of these binaries are common proper motion pairs, very likely in a gravitationally bound orbit around each other. We find that the overall binary frequency among T Tauri stars in a range of separations between 120 and 1800 AU is in agreement with the binary frequency observed among main sequence stars in the solar neighbourhood. However, we note that within individual regions the spatial distribution of binaries -- within a distinct range of separation -- is non-uniform. In particular, in Upper
description: Latex (l-aa-ps.sty) with links to 9 postscript figures, uuencoded gzipped tar file. Complete postscript version also available at http://www.astro.uni-wuerzburg.de Accepted for publication in A&A
Supersymmetric Quantum Spherical Spins
Creators: name: Santos, L. G. dos
name: Tavares, L. V. T.
name: Bienzobaz, P. F.
name: Gomes, Pedro R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate properties of a supersymmetric extension of the quantum spherical model from an off-shell formulation directly in the superspace. This is convenient to safely handle the constraint structure of the model in a way compatible with supersymmetry. The model is parametrized by an interaction energy, $U_{{\bf r},{\bf r}'}$, which governs the interactions between the superfields of different sites. We briefly discuss some consequences when $U_{{\bf r},{\bf r}'}$ corresponds to the case of first-neighbor interactions. After computing the partition function via saddle point method for a generic interaction, $U_{{\bf r},{\bf r}'}\equiv U(|{\bf r}-{\bf r}'|)$, we focus in the mean-field version, which reveals an interesting critical behavior. In fact, the mean-field supersymmetric model exhibits a quantum phase transition without breaking supersymmetry at zero temperature, as well as a phase transition at finite temperature with broken supersymmetry. We compute critical exponents of the usual magnetization and susceptibility in both cases of zero and finite temperature. Concerning the susceptibility, there are two regimes in the case of finite temperature characterized by distinct critical exponents. The entropy is well behaved at low temperature, vanishing as $T \rightarrow 0$
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, typos fixed, new appendix included, published version
On the Shape of Pulse Spectra in Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Ryde, Felix
name: Svensson, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery (Liang & Kargatis 1996), that the peak energy of time-resolved spectra of gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulses decays exponentially with fluence, is analytically shown to imply that the time-integrated photon number spectrum of a pulse should have a unique shape, given by an underlying E^-1 behavior. We also show that the asymptotic low energy normalization of the time-integrated spectrum is equal to the exponential decay constant. We study analytically how this general behavior is modified in more realistic situations and show that diversity is then introduced in the properties of time-integrated GRB pulse spectra. We argue that further diversity will occur in time-integrated multi-pulse (complex) GRB spectra. The total energy received per cm^2 is approximately the decay constant times the maximum peak energy of the pulse. Our analytical results connect the properties of the time-integrated pulse spectrum with those of the time-resolved spectra, and can thus be used when studying observed GRB pulse spectra. We illustrate with the bright burst GRB 910807 and comment on GRB 910525 and GRB 921207.
description: 7 pages, 6 postscript figures, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
INTERQUANTILE DIFFERENCES, INCOME INEQUALITY MEASUREMENT AND THE GINI CONCENTRATION INDEX
Creators: name: Berrebi, Z
name: Silber, J
name: Berrebi, Z
name: Silber, J
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper studies the properties of a new income inequality index, I, which is equal to the sum of the squares of the symmetric interquantile share differences. 1, verifies most of the desired properties of an income inequality index. It will also be shown that it is closely related to Gini's concentration index. In a section at the end of the paper, an illustration is presented using data on the income distribution in various countries in 1968.
Bestiae Linnaeus, 1758, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Bestiae

description: Bestiae [ord. nov.]
IV. BESTIAE.
Dentes Primores utrinque: intermediis distantibus.
Laniarii semper uno plures utrinque:
Nasus ultra os prominens.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 49, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Field-induced magnetic charge in a cubic Laves compound UAl2
Creators: name: Lovesey, S. W.
name: Khalyavin, D. D.
name: van der Laan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic diffraction of polarized neutrons by the cubic Laves compound UAl2 in a magnetic field has unveiled weak Bragg spots that are nominally forbidden. On the one hand, they can be viewed as magnetic analogues of the basis-forbidden (2, 2, 2) reflection in diamond-type structures that has been painstakingly and frequently investigated over almost a century. Alternatively, the pattern of weak intensities can be assigned to Dirac multipoles imbedded in field-induced magnetic charge. To this end, a published diffraction pattern is successfully confronted with intensities calculated from the appropriate magnetic space-group that includes Dirac dipoles (anapoles) to describe the basis-forbidden magnetic reflections, and conventional (axial) dipole and octupole multipoles to describe basis-allowed magnetic reflections.
Additional file 6: of Analysis of porcine body size variation using re-sequencing data of miniature and large pigs
Creators: name: C. Reimer
name: C.-J. Rubin
name: A. Sharifi
name: N.-T. Ha
name: S. Weigend
name: K.-H. Waldmann
name: O. Distl
name: S. Pant
name: M. Fredholm
name: M. Schlather
name: H. Simianer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S2. Neighbor-joining tree based on all SNPs in the second part of the selective sweep region on chromosome X between 64 to 96Â Mb. (DOCX 61 kb)
Galaxy clusters and microwave background anisotropy
Creators: name: Quilis, V.
name: Ibanez, J. M.
name: Saez, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous estimates of the microwave background anisotropies produced by freely falling spherical clusters are discussed. These estimates are based on the Swiss-Cheese and Tolman-Bondi models. It is proved that these models give only upper limits to the anisotropies produced by the observed galaxy clusters. By using spherically symmetric codes including pressureless matter and a hot baryonic gas, new upper limits are obtained. The contributions of the hot gas and the pressureless component to the total anisotropy are compared. The effects produced by the pressure are proved to be negligible; hence, estimations of the cluster anisotropies based on N-body simulations are hereafter justified. After the phenomenon of violent relaxation, any realistic rich cluster can only produce small anisotropies with amplitudes of order $10^{-7}$. During the rapid process of violent relaxation, the anisotropies produced by nonlinear clusters are expected to range in the interval $(10^{-6},10^{-5})$. The angular scales of these anisotropies are discussed.
description: 31 pages, 3 postscript figures, accepted MNRAS
Advanced multiparametric optimization and control studies for anaesthesia
Creators: name: Nascu, Ioana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Anaesthesia is a reversible pharmacological state of the patient where hypnosis, analgesia and muscle relaxation are guaranteed and maintained throughout the surgery. Analgesics block the sensation of pain; hypnotics produce unconsciousness, while muscle relaxants prevent unwanted movement of muscle tone. Controlling the depth of anaesthesia is a very challenging task, as one has to deal with nonlinearity, inter- and intra-patient variability, multivariable characteristics, variable time delays, dynamics dependent on the hypnotic agent, model analysis variability, agent and stability issues. The modelling and automatic control of anaesthesia is believed to (i) benefit the safety of the patient undergoing surgery as side-effects may be reduced by optimizing the drug infusion rates, and (ii) support anaesthetists during critical situations by automating the drug delivery systems. In this work we have developed several advanced explicit/multi-parametric model predictive (mp-MPC) control strategies for the control of depth of anaesthesia. State estimation techniques are developed and used simultaneously with mp-MPC strategies to estimate the state of each individual patient, in an attempt to overcome the challenges of inter- and intra- patient variability, and deal with possible unmeasurable noisy outputs. Strategies to deal with the nonlinearity have been also developed including local linearization, exact linearization as well as a piece-wise linearization of the Hill curve leading to a hybrid formulation of the patient model and thereby the development of multiparametric hybrid model predictive control methodology. To deal with the inter- and intra- patient variability, as well as the noise on the process output, several robust techniques and a multiparametric moving horizon estimation technique have been design and implemented. All the studies described in the thesis are performed on clinical data for a set of 12 patients who underwent general anaesthesia.
Additional file 2 of Association of nitrite inhalants use and unprotected anal intercourse and HIV/syphilis infection among MSM in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Yonghui
name: Bao, Rantong
name: Leuba, Sequoia I.
name: Li, Jiaming
name: Wang, Hongyi
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Chu, Zhenxing
name: Geng, Wenqing
name: Jiang, Yongjun
name: Xu, Junjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Checklist of quality assessment. It contains 5 questions to evaluate prevalence studies, decision criteria and scores for each question.
Matter effects in neutrino visible decay at future long-baseline experiments
Creators: name: Ascencio-Sosa, M. V.
name: Calatayud-Cadenillas, A. M.
name: Gago, A. M.
name: Jones-Pérez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino visible decay in the presence of matter is re-evaluated. We study these effects in two future long-baseline experiments where matter effects are relevant: DUNE (1300 km) and a hypothetical beam aimed towards ANDES (7650 km). We find that matter effects are negligible for the visible component of neutrino decay at DUNE, being much more relevant at ANDES. We perform a detailed simulation of DUNE, considering $ν_μ$ disappearance and $ν_e$ appearance channels, for both FHC and RHC modes. The sensitivity to the decay constant $α_3$ can be as low as $2\times10^{-6}$ eV$^2$ at 90% C.L., depending on the neutrino masses and type of coupling. We also show the impact of neutrino decay in the determination of $θ_{23}$ and $δ_{\rm CP}$, and find that the best-fit value of $θ_{23}$ can move from a true value at the lower octant towards the higher octant.
description: 18 pages; v2: Minor changes, version accepted for publication in EPJC
Additional file 3: of Evolution in chronic cold: varied loss of cellular response to heat in Antarctic notothenioid fish
Creators: name: Bilyk, Kevin
name: Vargas-Chacoff, Luis
name: C.-H.Christina Cheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Investigating the Role of CPM Threshold on the Detected Biological Response. (DOCX 21 kb)
Limit Theory for Moderate Deviation from Integrated GARCH Processes
Creators: name: Tao, Yubo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 62M10, 91B84

description: This paper develops the limit theory of the GARCH(1,1) process that moderately deviates from IGARCH process towards both stationary and explosive regimes. The GARCH(1,1) process is defined by equations $u_t = σ_t \varepsilon_t$, $σ_t^2 = ω+ α_n u_{t-1}^2 + β_nσ_{t-1}^2$ and $α_n + β_n$ approaches to unity as sample size goes to infinity. The asymptotic theory developed in this paper extends Berkes et al. (2005) by allowing the parameters to have a slower convergence rate. The results can be applied to unit root test for processes with mildly-integrated GARCH innovations (e.g. Boswijk (2001), Cavaliere and Taylor (2007, 2009)) and deriving limit theory of estimators for models involving mildly-integrated GARCH processes (e.g. Jensen and Rahbek (2004), Francq and Zakoïan (2012, 2013)).
description: 13 pages
Mean Field Dynamos with Algebraic and Dynamic alpha-Quenchings
Creators: name: Tworkowski, A.
name: Covas, E.
name: Tavakol, R.
name: Brandenburg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations for mean field dynamo models (in both full spheres and spherical shells), with both algebraic and dynamic $α$--quenchings, show qualitative as well as quantitative differences and similarities in the dynamical behaviour of these models. We summarise and enhance recent results with extra examples. Overall, the effect of using a dynamic $α$ appears to be complicated and is affected by the region of parameter space examined.
description: 6 pages, 2 postscript figures, also available at http://www.maths.qmw.ac.uk/~eoc
Sus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Suidae
Sus

description: Sus [gen. nov.]
Dentes Primores Superiores IV, convergentes.
Inferiores VIII patuli.
Laniarii Superiores II breviores.
Inferiores II exserti.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 49, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Getting the Measure of the Flatness Problem
Creators: name: Evrard, Guillaume
name: Coles, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of estimating cosmological parameters such as $Ω$ from noisy or incomplete data is an example of an inverse problem and, as such, generally requires a probablistic approach. We adopt the Bayesian interpretation of probability for such problems and stress the connection between probability and information which this approach makes explicit. This connection is important even when information is ``minimal'' or, in other words, when we need to argue from a state of maximum ignorance. We use the transformation group method of Jaynes to assign minimally--informative prior probability measure for cosmological parameters in the simple example of a dust Friedman model, showing that the usual statements of the cosmological flatness problem are based on an inappropriate choice of prior. We further demonstrate that, in the framework of a classical cosmological model, there is no flatness problem.
description: 11 pages, submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity, Tex source file, no figure
Carex livida Willd., Sp. Pl.
Creators: name: Jiménez-Mejías, Pedro
name: Alegría-Olivera, J. José
name: Beltrán, Hamilton W.
name: Cano, Asunción
name: Granda-Paucar, Arturo
name: Maldonado Fonkén, Mónica S.
name: Riva-Regalado, Sebastián
name: Ruthsatz, Barbara
name: Escudero, Marcial
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Cyperaceae
Carex
Carex livida

description: Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 285. 1805.
Carex limosa var. livida Wahlenb., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24: 162. 1803.
Lectotype (designated by Moberg and Nilsson 1991): Lapponia Tornensis, paroc. Enontekis, 1800, G. Wahlenberg s.n. (UPS barcode V-050198 digital image!); isolectotypes: BM 001067075 digital image!; LD barcode 1776619 digital image!; LE barcode 00010280, barcode 00010281, barcode 00010282 digital image!; UPS barcode V-135399 not seen).
description: Published as part of Jiménez-Mejías, Pedro, Alegría-Olivera, J. José, Beltrán, Hamilton W., Cano, Asunción, Granda-Paucar, Arturo, Maldonado Fonkén, Mónica S., Riva-Regalado, Sebastián, Ruthsatz, Barbara & Escudero, Marcial, 2020, Chorological and nomenclatural notes on Peruvian Carex (Cyperaceae), pp. 63-69 in Caldasia 42 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.15446/caldasia.v42n1.76771, http://zenodo.org/record/15265307
Ursus lotor Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Ursidae
Ursus
Ursus lotor

description: Ursus lotor [spec. nov.]
U. cauda annulata, fascia per oculos transversali.
Ursus cauda elongata. Syst. nat. 4. Act. Stockh. 1747. t. 9. f. 1.
Mus indicus alius. Gesn. quadr. 741.
Vulpi affinis americana. Raj. quadr. 179.
Raccon. Kalm. it. 2. p. 228.
Coati-monde. Marcgr. bras. 228. Jonst. quadr. 139. Worm. mus. 319. Dodart. act. 181. t. 181. Major. mosc. 30. Raj. quadr. 180.
Felis montana americana. Seb. mus. 1. p. 68. t. 42. f. 1.
Habitat in Americae maritimis.
Cauda crassa, ferruginea annulis nigris.
Edit lubenter ova, Gallinas; cibum lavat; odoratu tactuque excellit; mentis tenacissimus, dormit a 12 noctis in 12 diei; pellitur setis porcinis. Penis osse incurvato scatet.
Ursi genus scandit interdum arbores, at non salit, sed descendit posterioribus praeeuntibus. Talis communiter incedit. Penis osse curvato seatet.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 48, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Stability and toxicity of silver nanomaterials
Creators: name: Leo, Bey Fen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Understanding the electrochemical stability or corrosion behaviour of metallic nanoparticles in aqueous environments is of central importance in the fields of catalysis, sensing and nano-electronics. The electrochemical stability of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was investigated as a function of applied potential, pH and particle size. The direct voltammetric measurements of the Ag oxidation potential indicate that the electrochemical stability of nanoparticles (NPs) is different from their bulk metal, suggesting that theoretically derived energy diagrams for a bulk material might not always be accurate for NPs. In order to understand interactions of nanomaterials (NMs) with biological systems, the cellular environment can be considered as an electrochemical cell, since metal ion release is a major pathway underlying their potential toxicity. NPs inhaled from the air into the deep lung first contact with the lung lining fluid where they have the potential to translocate into other organs like the brain, liver, spleen and heart via blood circulation. Here, this thesis specifically focuses on the impact of AgNMs on two major organs, the lung and brain. AgNMs as potential occupational and environmental hazards may raise health and safety concerns. For this reason, there is a need to assess the interaction of NMs with biological systems for early prediction of their cytotoxicity. The stability of AgNPs in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the major component of lung surfactant, was investigated as a function of pH. TEM images revealed that the AgNPs were coated with a DPPC layer serving as a semi-permeable layer, improving their dispersion and delaying ions release in the lung. Furthermore, these studies suggested that size, stability and chemical composition of NP have to be taken into account in the evaluation of NP cytotoxicity. These observations have important implications for predicting the potential reactivity of AgNPs in the lung and the environment. In response to potential neurotoxicity, studies have shown that AgNPs can cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) via the systemic blood supply and then localise inside the brain, causing neurodegeneration, but much less is known about the distribution of AgNMs and their interaction with protein complexes inside the brain cells. Interaction of microglia with AgNMs, as well as their uptake, cytotoxicity and processing inside cells were investigated. The findings demonstrate that Ag2S formation acts as an ion trap for free Ag+, significantly limiting short term toxicity effects with important consequences for the neuro safety of AgNMs. In order to manipulate particular NPs features with favourable bio-availability and bio-distribution, not only NP uptake into cells, but also a fundamental understanding of the NPs-protein complex is necessary.
Modeling the variability of the BL Lacertae object PKS 2155-304
Creators: name: Georganopoulos, Markos
name: Marscher, Alan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright X-ray selected BL Lacertae object PKS 2155-304 has been the target of two intense multiwavelength campaigns, in November 1991 and in May 1994. Although the spectral energy distributions at both epochs were quite similar, the source exhibited two very distinct variability patterns that cannot be easily reconciled with homogeneous, one-zone jet models. During the first epoch the variability was almost achromatic in amplitude, with a time lag between X-rays and UV of $\approx 3$ h, while during the second epoch the variability amplitude increased as a function of wavelength, with the EUV flare peaking $\approx 1$ day after the X-ray flare. We model the source using a time-dependent inhomogeneous accelerating jet model. e reproduce the general characteristics of the different variability signatures by assuming that plasma disturbances with different physical properties propagate downstream in an underlying jet characterized by the same set of physical parameters at both epochs. A time delay of $\approx$ 1 day between the hardening of the UV spectral index and the UV flux, present at both epochs, is modeled with stochastic fluctuations in the particle acceleration manifested through small variations of the maximum energy of the injected electrons. We predict that similar time delays will be present in future observations, even in the absence of strong variability events. We stress the importance of observations at neighboring frequencies as a diagnostic tool for the structure of the quiescent jet in blazars, especially in the seemingly dull case when strong variability is absent.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted in ApJ Letters
A new physical interpretation of optical and infrared variability in quasars
Creators: name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Ford, K. E. Saavik
name: Graham, Matthew
name: McKernan, Barry
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Meisner, Aaron M.
name: Assef, Roberto J.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Jun, Hyunsung D.
name: Lang, Dustin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Changing-look quasars are a recently identified class of active galaxies in which the strong UV continuum and/or broad optical hydrogen emission lines associated with unobscured quasars either appear or disappear on timescales of months to years. The physical processes responsible for this behaviour are still debated, but changes in the black hole accretion rate or accretion disk structure appear more likely than changes in obscuration. Here we report on four epochs of spectroscopy of SDSS J110057.70-005304.5, a quasar at a redshift of $z=0.378$ whose UV continuum and broad hydrogen emission lines have faded, and then returned over the past $\approx$20 years. The change in this quasar was initially identified in the infrared, and an archival spectrum from 2010 shows an intermediate phase of the transition during which the flux below rest-frame $\approx$3400Å has decreased by close to an order of magnitude. This combination is unique compared to previously published examples of changing-look quasars, and is best explained by dramatic changes in the innermost regions of the accretion disk. The optical continuum has been rising since mid-2016, leading to a prediction of a rise in hydrogen emission line flux in the next year. Increases in the infrared flux are beginning to follow, delayed by a $\sim$3 year observed timescale. If our model is confirmed, the physics of changing-look quasars are governed by processes at the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) around the black hole, and the structure of the innermost disk. The easily identifiable and monitored changing-look quasars would then provide a new probe and laboratory of the nuclear central engine.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. Published in MNRAS. All code and data links on GitHub, https://github.com/d80b2t/WISE_LC
Self-potential during multiphase flow in complex porous media
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiazuo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The rock pore space in many subsurface settings is saturated with water and one or more immiscible fluid phases; examples include non-aqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs) in contaminated aquifers, supercritical CO2 during sequestration in deep saline aquifers, the vadose zone, and hydrocarbon reservoirs. Self-potential (SP) methods have been proposed to monitor multiphase flow in such settings. However, to properly interpret and model these data requires an understanding of the saturation dependence of the streaming potential. This study presents a methodology to determine the saturation dependence of the streaming potential coupling coefficient and streaming current charge density in unsteady-state drainage and imbibition experiments and applies the method to published experimental data. Unsteady-state experiments do not yield representative values of coupling coefficient and streaming current density (or other transport properties such as relative permeability and electrical conductivity) at partial saturation because water saturation within the sample is not uniform. An interpretation method is required to determine the saturation dependence of coupling coefficient and streaming current density within a representative elementary volume with uniform saturation. The method makes no assumptions about the pore-space geometry. We also applied pore network models that can capture the distribution of fluids and electrical charge in real complex porous media to investigate and quantify streaming potential signals during multiphase flow at the pore level. The network modelling results were tested against the interpreted data and experimental data of Estaillades carbonate and St. Bees sandstone, which provided reliable pore-scale explanations of the experimental observations. The results presented here can be used to help interpret SP measurements obtained in partially-saturated subsurface settings.