cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conducting Precision Medicine Research with African Americans
Creators: name: Halbert, Chanita Hughes
name: McDonald, Jasmine A.
name: Vadaparampil, Susan
name: Rice, LaShanta
name: Jefferson, Melanie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: African Americans
Medical care--Research
Public health
Medicine

description: Importance
Precision medicine is an approach to detecting, treating, and managing disease that is based on individual variation in genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Precision medicine is expected to reduce health disparities, but this will be possible only if studies have adequate representation of racial minorities.

Objective
It is critical to anticipate the rates at which individuals from diverse populations are likely to participate in precision medicine studies as research initiatives are being developed. We evaluated the likelihood of participating in a clinical study for precision medicine.

Design, Setting, Participants
Observational study conducted between October 2010 and February 2011 in a national sample of African Americans.

Main Outcome Measure
Intentions to participate in a government sponsored study that involves providing a biospecimen and generates data that could be shared with other researchers to conduct future studies.

Results
One third of respondents would participate in a clinical study for precision medicine. Only gender had a significant independent association with participation intentions. Men had a 1.86 (95% CI = 1.11, 3.12, p = 0.02) increased likelihood of participating in a precision medicine study compared to women in the model that included overall barriers and facilitators. In the model with specific participation barriers, distrust was associated with a reduced likelihood of participating in the research described in the vignette (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.96, p = 0.04).

Conclusion and Relevance
African Americans may have low enrollment in PMI research. As PMI research is implemented, extensive efforts will be needed to ensure adequate representation. Additional research is needed to identify optimal ways of ethically describing precision medicine studies to ensure sufficient recruitment of racial minorities.
Resurgence in QFT: Unitons, Fractons and Renormalons in the Principal Chiral Model
Creators: name: Cherman, Aleksey
name: Dorigoni, Daniele
name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Unsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain the physical role of non-perturbative saddle points of path integrals in theories without instantons, using the example of the asymptotically free two-dimensional principal chiral model (PCM). Standard topological arguments based on homotopy considerations suggest no role for non-perturbative saddles in such theories. However, resurgence theory, which unifies perturbative and non-perturbative physics, predicts the existence of several types of non-perturbative saddles associated with features of the large-order structure of perturbation theory. These points are illustrated in the PCM, where we find new non-perturbative `fracton' saddle point field configurations, and give a quantum interpretation of previously discovered `uniton' unstable classical solutions. The fractons lead to a semi-classical realization of IR renormalons in the circle-compactified theory, and yield the microscopic mechanism of the mass gap of the PCM.
description: v2: references added
What Is a Genome?
Creators: name: Goldman, Aaron David
name: Landweber, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genomics--Data processing
subject: Cell physiology
subject: Genomes
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular biology

description: The genome is often described as the information repository of an organism. Whether millions or billions of letters of DNA, its transmission across generations confers the principal medium for inheritance of organismal traits. Several emerging areas of research demonstrate that this definition is an oversimplification. Here, we explore ways in which a deeper understanding of genomic diversity and cell physiology is challenging the concepts of physical permanence attached to the genome as well as its role as the sole information source for an organism.
XRN2 Links Transcription Termination to DNA Damage and Replication Stress
Creators: name: Morales, Julio C.
name: Richard, Patricia
name: Patidar, Praveen L.
name: Motea, Edward A.
name: Dang, Tuyen T.
name: Manley, James L.
name: Boothman, David A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: DNA damage
subject: Genetic transcription
subject: Small interfering RNA
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular biology

description: XRN2 is a 5’-3’ exoribonuclease implicated in transcription termination. Here we demonstrate an unexpected role for XRN2 in the DNA damage response involving resolution of R-loop structures and prevention of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). We show that XRN2 undergoes DNA damage-inducible nuclear re-localization, co-localizing with 53BP1 and R loops, in a transcription and R-loop-dependent process. XRN2 loss leads to increased R loops, genomic instability, replication stress, DSBs and hypersensitivity of cells to various DNA damaging agents. We demonstrate that the DSBs that arise with XRN2 loss occur at transcriptional pause sites. XRN2-deficient cells also exhibited an R-loop- and transcription-dependent delay in DSB repair after ionizing radiation, suggesting a novel role for XRN2 in R-loop resolution, suppression of replication stress, and maintenance of genomic stability. Our study highlights the importance of regulating transcription-related activities as a critical component in maintaining genetic stability.
Octodon bridgesi Waterhouse 1845
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octodon
Octodon bridgesi

description: Octodon bridgesi Waterhouse, 1845. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1844:155. TYPE LOCALITY: Chile, Curico Prov., Rio Teno. DISTRIBUTION: Andes, in Colchagua, Curico, and Concepcion Provs. (Chile). COMMENT: Massoia, 1979, Neotropica, 25:36, reported Octodon, perhaps bridgesi, from S. Argentina. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026002001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 581, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Nanopore Fabrication by Controlled Dielectric Breakdown
Creators: name: Kwok, Harold
name: Briggs, Kyle
name: Tabard-Cossa, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanofabrication techniques for achieving dimensional control at the nanometer scale are generally equipment-intensive and time-consuming. The use of energetic beams of electrons or ions has placed the fabrication of nanopores in thin solid-state membranes within reach of some academic laboratories, yet these tools are not accessible to many researchers and are poorly suited for mass-production. Here we describe a fast and simple approach for fabricating a single nanopore down to 2-nm in size with sub-nm precision, directly in solution, by controlling dielectric breakdown at the nanoscale. The method relies on applying a voltage across an insulating membrane to generate a high electric field, while monitoring the induced leakage current. We show that nanopores fabricated by this method produce clear electrical signals from translocating DNA molecules. Considering the tremendous reduction in complexity and cost, we envision this fabrication strategy would not only benefit researchers from the physical and life sciences interested in gaining reliable access to solid-state nanopores, but may provide a path towards manufacturing of nanopore-based biotechnologies.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary information contains 22 pages, 11 figures and 2 tables - A version of this manuscript was first submitted for publication on April 23rd, 2013. It is currently under review at another journal
Octodon degus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octodon
Octodon degus

description: Octodon degus (Molina, 1782). Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chile, p. 303. TYPE LOCALITY: Chile, Santiago Prov., Santiago. DISTRIBUTION: Chile, west slope of the Andes between Vallenar and Curico, to 1200 m. COMMENT: Reviewed by Woods and Boraker, 1975, Mamm. Species, 67:1-5. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026002002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 581, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
description: {"references": ["Woods, C. A., and D. Boraker. 1975. Octodon degus. Mammalian Species, 67: 1 - 5."]}
General Formalism For the BRST Symmetry
Creators: name: Ahmad, Suhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will discuss Faddeev-Popov method for field theories with a gauge symmetry in an abstract way. We will then develope a general formalism for dealing with the BRST symmetry. This formalism will make it possible to analyse the BRST symmetry for any theory.
description: Published in Communications in Theoretical Physics
Telomere Length and the Cancer–Atherosclerosis Trade-Off
Creators: name: Stone, Rivka C.
name: Horvath, Kent
name: Kark, Jeremy D.
name: Susser, Ezra S.
name: Tishkoff, Sarah A.
name: Aviv, Abraham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atherosclerosis
subject: Telomere
subject: Cancer--Genetic aspects
subject: Evolutionary genetics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Modern humans, the longest-living terrestrial mammals, display short telomeres and repressed telomerase activity in somatic tissues compared with most short-living small mammals. The dual trait of short telomeres and repressed telomerase might render humans relatively resistant to cancer compared with short-living small mammals. However, the trade-off for cancer resistance is ostensibly increased age-related degenerative diseases, principally in the form of atherosclerosis. In this communication, we discuss (a) the genetics of human telomere length, a highly heritable complex trait that is influenced by genetic ancestry, sex, and paternal age at conception, (b) how cancer might have played a role in the evolution of telomere biology across mammals, (c) evidence that in modern humans telomere length is a determinant (rather than only a biomarker) of cancer and atherosclerosis, and (d) the potential influence of relatively recent evolutionary forces in fashioning the variation in telomere length across and within populations, and their likely lasting impact on major diseases in humans. Finally, we propose venues for future research on human telomere genetics in the context of its potential role in shaping the modern human lifespan.
Octodon lunatus Osgood 1943
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octodon
Octodon lunatus

description: Octodon lunatus Osgood, 1943. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Zool. Ser., 30: 110. TYPE LOCALITY: Chile, Valparaiso Prov., Olmue. DISTRIBUTION: Coastal mountains of Valparaiso, Aconcagua, and Coquimbo Provs. (Chile). COMMENT: Probably a subspecies of bridgesi (CAW). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026002003001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 581, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Theses Ex Universa Theologia; 1745
Creators: name: Vogel, Lothar Franz
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2015

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Bambergae, Apud Georgium Andream Gertner, Principalis Aulae, Reverendissimi Capituli, & Almae Academiae Typographum
Computing the Coverage of an Opaque Forest
Creators: name: Beingessner, Alexis
name: Smid, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of taking an opaque forest and determining the regions that are covered by it. We provide a tight upper bound on the complexity of this problem, and an algorithm for computing this area, which is worst-case optimal.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures. Accepted and presented at the 24th annual Canadian Conference on Computational Geometry (2012)
Octodontomys Palmer 1903
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octodontomys

description: Octodontomys Palmer, 1903. Science, n.s., 17: 873. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026003000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 582, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Quantum Sensing with Driven-Dissipative Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Lattices
Creators: name: Arandes, Oscar
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable sensitivity of non-Hermitian systems has been extensively studied and stimulated ideas about developing new types of sensors. In this paper, we examine a chain of parametrically driven coupled resonators governed by the squeezed Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. We emphasize the qualitative difference in sensor performance between configurations depending on bulk topology and boundary modes, specifically for detecting both on-site and non-Hermitian skin effect perturbations. Our analysis goes beyond the scenario of infinitesimal perturbations, extending to arbitrary perturbation strengths beyond the linear response regime. We stress the importance of optimizing the system's parameters to achieve quantum enhancement while avoiding fine-tuned regimes that could limit the practical applicability of this system for real-world quantum sensing.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
q-deformed Loewner evolution
Creators: name: Gherardi, Marco
name: Nigro, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Loewner equation, in its stochastic incarnation introduced by Schramm, is an insightful method for the description of critical random curves and interfaces in two-dimensional statistical mechanics. Two features are crucial, namely conformal invariance and a conformal version of the Markov property. Extensions of the equation have been explored in various directions, in order to expand the reach of such a powerful method. We propose a new generalization based on q-calculus, a concept rooted in quantum geometry and non-extensive thermodynamics; the main motivation is the explicit breaking of the Markov property, while retaining scale invariance in the stochastic version. We focus on the deterministic equation and give some exact solutions; the formalism naturally gives rise to multiple mutually-intersecting curves. A general method of simulation is constructed - which can be easily extended to other q-deformed equations - and is applied to both the deterministic and the stochastic realms. The way the $q\neq 1$ picture converges to the classical one is explored as well.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Enhancement of Majorana Dark Matter Annihilation Through Higgs Bremsstrahlung
Creators: name: Luo, Feng
name: You, Tevong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For Majorana dark matter, gauge boson bremsstrahlung plays an important role in enhancing an otherwise helicity-suppressed s-wave annihilation cross-section. This is well known for processes involving a radiated photon or gluon together with a Standard Model fermion-antifermion pair, and the case of massive electroweak gauge bosons has also recently been studied. Here we show that internal Higgs bremsstrahlung also lifts helicity suppression and could be the dominant contribution to the annihilation rate in the late Universe for dark matter masses below ~1 TeV. Using a toy model of leptophilic dark matter, we calculate the annihilation cross-section into a lepton-antilepton pair with a Higgs boson and investigate the energy spectra of the final stable particles at the annihilation point.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1903-12)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Retinal Neuroprotective Effects of Flibanserin, an FDA-Approved Dual Serotonin Receptor Agonist-Antagonist
Creators: name: Coyner, Aaron S.
name: Ryals, Renee C.
name: Ku, Cristy A.
name: Fischer, Cody M.
name: Patel, Rachel C.
name: Datta, Shreya
name: Yang, Paul
name: Wen, Yuquan
name: Hen, Rene
name: Pennesi, Mark E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Serotonin--Receptors
subject: Neuroprotective agents
subject: Retina
subject: Apoptosis
subject: Medicine
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Psychiatry

description: Purpose:
To assess the neuroprotective effects of flibanserin (formerly BIMT-17), a dual 5-HT1A agonist and 5-HT2A antagonist, in a light-induced retinopathy model.

Methods:
Albino BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with either vehicle or increasing doses of flibanserin ranging from 0.75 to 15 mg/kg flibanserin. To assess 5-HT1A-mediated effects, BALB/c mice were injected with 10 mg/kg WAY 100635, a 5-HT1A antagonist, prior to 6 mg/kg flibanserin and 5-HT1A knockout mice were injected with 6 mg/kg flibanserin. Injections were administered once immediately prior to light exposure or over the course of five days. Light exposure lasted for one hour at an intensity of 10,000 lux. Retinal structure was assessed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography and retinal function was assessed using electroretinography. To investigate the mechanisms of flibanserin-mediated neuroprotection, gene expression, measured by RT-qPCR, was assessed following five days of daily 15 mg/kg flibanserin injections.

Results:
A five-day treatment regimen of 3 to 15 mg/kg of flibanserin significantly preserved outer retinal structure and function in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, a single-day treatment regimen of 6 to 15 mg/kg of flibanserin still provided significant protection. The action of flibanserin was hindered by the 5-HT1A antagonist, WAY 100635, and was not effective in 5-HT1A knockout mice. Creb, c-Jun, c-Fos, Bcl-2, Cast1, Nqo1, Sod1, and Cat were significantly increased in flibanserin-injected mice versus vehicle-injected mice.

Conclusions:
Intraperitoneal delivery of flibanserin in a light-induced retinopathy mouse model provides retinal neuroprotection. Mechanistic data suggests that this effect is mediated through 5-HT1A receptors and that flibanserin augments the expression of genes capable of reducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Since flibanserin is already FDA-approved for other indications, the potential to repurpose this drug for treating retinal degenerations merits further investigation.
Octodontomys gliroides
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octodontomys
Octodontomys gliroides

description: Octodontomys gliroides (Gervais and d'Orbigny, 1844). Bull. Sei. Soc. Philom. Paris, p. 22. TYPE LOCALITY: Bolivia, La Paz Dept., near La Paz. DISTRIBUTION: Andes of N. Chile, S.W. Bolivia, and N.W. Argentina. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026003001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 582, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Ethical Dimensions of Artificial Intelligence: Challenges and Solutions
Creators: name: Barma, Niloy Deb
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This research paper explores the complex ethical issues arising from the increasing integration of artificial intelligence into our daily lives. It examines topics such as privacy, bias, transparency, and job displacement, and discusses ethical frameworks for responsible AI development. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of AI's ethical landscape and offers guidance on addressing these challenges in our rapidly evolving technological world.
Nonsteady dynamic properties of a domain wall for the creep state under an alternating driving field
Creators: name: Zhou, N. J.
name: Zheng, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With Monte Carlo simulations, the nonsteady dynamics properties of a domain wall have been systematically investigated for the thermally activated creep state under an alternating driving field. Taking the driven random-field Ising model in two dimensions as an example, two distinct growth stages of the domain interface are identified with both the correlation length and roughness function. One stage belongs to the universality class of the random depositions, and the other to that of the quenched Edwards-Wilkinson equation. In the latter case, due to the dynamic effect of overhangs, the domain interface may exhibit an intrinsic anomalous scaling behavior, different from that of the quenched Edwards-Wilkinson equation.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Octomys Thomas 1920
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octomys

description: Octomys Thomas, 1920. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 6: 117. COMMENT: Includes Tympanoctomys; see Packard, 1967, in Anderson and Jones, p. 278. MAM believes that Tympanoctomys is a distinct genus. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026004000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 582, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Urinary-Cell mRNA Profile and Acute Cellular Rejection in Kidney Allografts
Creators: name: Suthanthiran, Manikkam
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
name: Ding, Ruchuang
name: Abecassis, Michael
name: Dadhania, Darshana
name: Samstein, Benjamin
name: Knechtle, Stuart J.
name: Friedewald, John
name: Becker, Yolanda T.
name: Sharma, Vijay K.
name: Williams, Nikki M.
name: Chang, Christina S.
name: Hoang, Christine
name: Muthukumar, Thangamani
name: August, Phyllis
name: Keslar, Karen S.
name: Fairchild, Robert L.
name: Hricik, Donald E.
name: Heeger, Peter S.
name: Han, Leiya
name: Liu, Jun
name: Riggs, Michael
name: Ikle, David N.
name: Bridges, Nancy D.
name: Shaked, Abraham
name: Clinical Trials In Organ Transplantation 04 (CTOT-04) Study Investigators
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Homografts
Messenger RNA--Analysis
Kidneys--Transplantation
Surgery
Molecular biology

description: Background—The standard test for the diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplants is the renal biopsy. Noninvasive tests would be preferable.

Methods—We prospectively collected 4300 urine specimens from 485 kidney-graft recipients from day 3 through month 12 after transplantation. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were measured in urinary cells and correlated with allograft-rejection status with the use of logistic regression.

Results—A three-gene signature of 18S ribosomal (rRNA)–normalized measures of CD3ε mRNA and interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) mRNA, and 18S rRNA discriminated between biopsy specimens showing acute cellular rejection and those not showing rejection (area under the curve [AUC], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78 to 0.91; P<0.001 by receiver-operatingcharacteristic curve analysis). The cross-validation estimate of the AUC was 0.83 by bootstrap resampling, and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test indicated good fit (P = 0.77). In an externalvalidation data set, the AUC was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.61 to 0.86; P<0.001) and did not differ significantly from the AUC in our primary data set (P = 0.13). The signature distinguished acute cellular rejection from acute antibody-mediated rejection and borderline rejection (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.89; P<0.001). It also distinguished patients who received anti–interleukin-2 receptor antibodies from those who received T-cell–depleting antibodies (P<0.001) and was diagnostic of acute cellular rejection in both groups. Urinary tract infection did not affect the signature (P = 0.69). The average trajectory of the signature in repeated urine samples remained below the diagnostic threshold for acute cellular rejection in the group of patients with no rejection, but in the group with rejection, there was a sharp rise during the weeks before the biopsy showing rejection (P<0.001).

Conclusions—A molecular signature of CD3ε mRNA, IP-10 mRNA, and 18S rRNA levels in urinary cells appears to be diagnostic and prognostic of acute cellular rejection in kidney allografts.
The ictal wavefront is the spatiotemporal source of discharges during spontaneous human seizures
Creators: name: Smith, Elliot Hansen
name: Liou, Jyun-You
name: Davis, Tyler S.
name: Merricks, Edward M.
name: Kellis, Spencer S.
name: Weiss, Shennan A.
name: Greger, Bradley
name: House, Paul A.
name: McKhann II, Guy M.
name: Goodman, Robert R.
name: Emerson, Ronald G.
name: Bateman, Lisa Marie
name: Trevelyan, Andrew J.
name: Schevon, Catherine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spasms
subject: Electrophysiology
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The extensive distribution and simultaneous termination of seizures across cortical areas has led to the hypothesis that seizures are caused by large-scale coordinated networks spanning these areas. This view, however, is difficult to reconcile with most proposed mechanisms of seizure spread and termination, which operate on a cellular scale. We hypothesize that seizures evolve into self-organized structures wherein a small seizing territory projects high-intensity electrical signals over a broad cortical area. Here we investigate human seizures on both small and large electrophysiological scales. We show that the migrating edge of the seizing territory is the source of travelling waves of synaptic activity into adjacent cortical areas. As the seizure progresses, slow dynamics in induced activity from these waves indicate a weakening and eventual failure of their source. These observations support a parsimonious theory for how large-scale evolution and termination of seizures are driven from a small, migrating cortical area.
Octomys barrerae Lawrence 1941
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octomys
Octomys barrerae

description: Octomys barrerae Lawrence, 1941. Proc. N. Engl. Zool. Club, 18:43. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Mendoza Prov., La Paz. DISTRIBUTION: Arid plains of Mendoza Prov. (Argentina). COMMENT: Formerly placed in a separate genus, Tympanoctomys, by Yepes, 1940, Rev. Inst. Bact., 9: 569, and Cabrera, 1961:516, but Packard, 1967, in Anderson and Jones, p. 278, considered it congeneric with Octomys. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026004001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 582, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Spectroscopy of proton-rich 66^Se up to J^π = 6^+: isospin-breaking effect in the A = 66 isobaric triplet
Creators: name: Ruotsalainen, P.
name: Jenkins, D. G.
name: Bentley, M. A.
name: Auranen, K.
name: Davies, P. J.
name: Grahn, T.
name: Greenlees, P. T.
name: Henderson, J.
name: Herzáň, A.
name: Jakobsson, U.
name: Joshi, P.
name: Julin, R.
name: Juutinen, S.
name: Konki, J.
name: Leino, M.
name: Lotay, G.
name: Nichols, A. J.
name: Obertelli, A.
name: Pakarinen, J.
name: Partanen, J.
name: Peura, P.
name: Rahkila, P.
name: Sandzelius, M.
name: Sarén, J.
name: Scholey, C.
name: Sorri, J.
name: Stolze, S.
name: Uusitalo, J.
name: Wadsworth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Candidates for three excited states in the 66^Se have been identified using the recoil-β tagging method together with a veto detector for charged-particle evaporation channels. These results allow a comparison of mirror and triplet energy differences between analogue states across the A = 66 triplet as a function of angular momentum. The extracted triplet energy differences follow the negative trend observed in the f_7/2 shell. Shell-model calculations indicate a continued need for an additional isospin non-conserving interaction in addition to the Coulomb isotensor part as a function of mass.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Letters on Jul. 18, 2013. 5 pages, 3 figures
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1904-01)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Mechanisms of amphetamine action illuminated through optical monitoring of dopamine synaptic vesicles in Drosophila brain
Creators: name: Freyberg, Zachary
name: Sonders, Mark S.
name: Aguilar, Jenny I.
name: Hiranita, Takato
name: Karam, Caline
name: Flores, Jorge
name: Pizzo, Andrea B.
name: Zhang, Yuchao
name: Farino, Zachary
name: Chen, Audrey
name: Martin, Ciara A.
name: Kopajtic, Theresa A.
name: Fei, Hao
name: Hu, Gang
name: Lin, Yi-Ying
name: Mosharov, Eugene V.
name: McCabe, Brian D.
name: Freyberg, Robin
name: Wimalasena, Kandatege
name: Hsin, Ling-Wei
name: Sames, Dalibor
name: Krantz, David E.
name: Katz, Jonathan L.
name: Sulzer, David L.
name: Javitch, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dopaminergic neurons
subject: Neurosciences--Research
subject: Amphetamines
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Amphetamines elevate extracellular dopamine, but the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. Here we show in rodents that acute pharmacological inhibition of the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) blocks amphetamine-induced locomotion and self-administration without impacting cocaine-induced behaviours. To study VMAT’s role in mediating amphetamine action in dopamine neurons, we have used novel genetic, pharmacological and optical approaches in Drosophila melanogaster. In an ex vivo whole-brain preparation, fluorescent reporters of vesicular cargo and of vesicular pH reveal that amphetamine redistributes vesicle contents and diminishes the vesicle pH-gradient responsible for dopamine uptake and retention. This amphetamine-induced deacidification requires VMAT function and results from net H+ antiport by VMAT out of the vesicle lumen coupled to inward amphetamine transport. Amphetamine-induced vesicle deacidification also requires functional dopamine transporter (DAT) at the plasma membrane. Thus, we find that at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, amphetamines must be actively transported by DAT and VMAT in tandem to produce psychostimulant effects.
Octomys mimax Thomas 1920
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Octodontidae
Octomys
Octomys mimax

description: Octomys mimax Thomas, 1920. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 6: 118. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Catamarca Prov., La Puntilia. DISTRIBUTION: Foothills and lower montane slopes of the Andes, and portions of the Monte desert of Catamarca, La Rioja, San Juan, and N. Mendoza Provs. (W. Argentina). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410026004002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 582, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Maximal tree size of few-qubit states
Creators: name: Le, Huy Nguyen
name: Cai, Yu
name: Wu, Xingyao
name: Rabelo, Rafael
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tree size ($\rm{TS}$) is an interesting measure of complexity for multiqubit states: not only is it in principle computable, but one can obtain lower bounds for it. In this way, it has been possible to identify families of states whose complexity scales superpolynomially in the number of qubits. With the goal of progressing in the systematic study of the mathematical property of $\rm{TS}$, in this work we characterize the tree size of pure states for the case where the number of qubits is small, namely, 3 or 4. The study of three qubits does not hold great surprises, insofar as the structure of entanglement is rather simple; the maximal $\rm{TS}$ is found to be 8, reached for instance by the $|\rm{W}\rangle$ state. The study of four qubits yields several insights: in particular, the most economic description of a state is found not to be recursive. The maximal $\rm{TS}$ is found to be 16, reached for instance by a state called $|Ψ^{(4)}\rangle$ which was already discussed in the context of four-photon down-conversion experiments. We also find that the states with maximal tree size form a set of zero measure: a smoothed version of tree size over a neighborhood of a state ($ε-\rm{TS}$) reduces the maximal values to 6 and 14, respectively. Finally, we introduce a notion of tree size for mixed states and discuss it for a one-parameter family of states.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Neural innervation stimulates splenic TFF2 to arrest myeloid cell expansion and cancer
Creators: name: Dubeykovskaya, Zinaida
name: Si, Yiling
name: Chen, Xiaowei
name: Worthley, Daniel L.
name: Renz, Bernhard W.
name: Urbanska, Aleksandra M.
name: Hayakawa, Yoku
name: Xu, Ting
name: Westphalen, C. Benedikt
name: Dubeykovskiy, Alexander
name: Chen, Duan
name: Friedman, Richard A.
name: Asfaha, Samuel
name: Nagar, Karan K.
name: Tailor, Yagnesh H.
name: Muthupalani, Sureshkumar
name: Fox, James G.
name: Kitajewski, Jan K.
name: Wang, Timothy Cragin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cancer--Prevention
Spleen--Innervation
Colon (Anatomy)--Cancer
Molecular biology
Cytology
Oncology

description: CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand in the spleen during cancer and promote progression through suppression of cytotoxic T cells. An anti-inflammatory reflex arc involving the vagus nerve and memory T cells is necessary for resolution of acute inflammation. Failure of this neural circuit could promote procarcinogenic inflammation and altered tumour immunity. Here we show that splenic TFF2, a secreted anti-inflammatory peptide, is released by vagally modulated memory T cells to suppress the expansion of MDSCs through CXCR4. Splenic denervation interrupts the anti-inflammatory neural arc, resulting in the expansion of MDSCs and colorectal cancer. Deletion of Tff2 recapitulates splenic denervation to promote carcinogenesis. Colorectal carcinogenesis could be suppressed through transgenic overexpression of TFF2, adenoviral transfer of TFF2 or transplantation of TFF2-expressing bone marrow. TFF2 is important to the anti-inflammatory reflex arc and plays an essential role in arresting MDSC proliferation. TFF2 offers a potential approach to prevent and to treat cancer.
Lightweight yet Fine-grained: A Graph Capsule Convolutional Network with Subspace Alignment for Shared-account Sequential Recommendation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinyu
name: Zhao, Zhongying
name: Li, Chao
name: Yu, Yanwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shared-account Sequential Recommendation (SSR) aims to provide personalized recommendations for accounts shared by multiple users with varying sequential preferences. Previous studies on SSR struggle to capture the fine-grained associations between interactions and different latent users within the shared account's hybrid sequences. Moreover, most existing SSR methods (e.g., RNN-based or GCN-based methods) have quadratic computational complexities, hindering the deployment of SSRs on resource-constrained devices. To this end, we propose a Lightweight Graph Capsule Convolutional Network with subspace alignment for shared-account sequential recommendation, named LightGC$^2$N. Specifically, we devise a lightweight graph capsule convolutional network. It facilitates the fine-grained matching between interactions and latent users by attentively propagating messages on the capsule graphs. Besides, we present an efficient subspace alignment method. This method refines the sequence representations and then aligns them with the finely clustered preferences of latent users. The experimental results on four real-world datasets indicate that LightGC$^2$N outperforms nine state-of-the-art methods in accuracy and efficiency.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted by AAAI-2025 conference
title: Book reviews : Rethinking residential child care: Positive perspectives. Mark Smith, Bristol, Policy Press, 2009. 209pp, ISBN 978-1 -86134-908-8
Creators: name: Petrie, Pat
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2010

description: There is a joke in which a stranger asks a local person for directions, only to be told, "Well, if I were you, I wouldn't start from here." And to me that feels uncomfortably close to the difficulties to be faced in rethinking residential child care, which is one of the trickier problems for social policy in the UK today. Looked-after children in residential care are among the most disadvantaged children in our society. Their disadvantage stems from personal, social and economic circumstances over which they have no control. But, importantly, their disadvantage is also brought about by major faults in the very system that seeks to protect and safeguard them.
Applying medicinal chemistry strategies to understand odorant discrimination
Creators: name: Poivet, Erwan E.
name: Peterlin, Zita
name: Tahirova, Narmin Tahir
name: Xu, Lu
name: Altomare, Clara Gilda
name: Paria, Anne
name: Zou, Dong-Jing
name: Firestein, Stuart J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Pharmaceutical chemistry
Odors
Olfactory receptors
Molecular biology
Chemistry

description: Associating an odorant’s chemical structure with its percept is a long-standing challenge. One hindrance may come from the adoption of the organic chemistry scheme of molecular description and classification. Chemists classify molecules according to characteristics that are useful in synthesis or isolation, but which may be of little importance to a biological sensory system. Accordingly, we look to medicinal chemistry, which emphasizes biological function over chemical form, in an attempt to discern which among the many molecular features are most important for odour discrimination. Here we use medicinal chemistry concepts to assemble a panel of molecules to test how heteroaromatic ring substitution of the benzene ring will change the odour percept of acetophenone. This work allows us to describe an extensive rule in odorant detection by mammalian olfactory receptors. Whereas organic chemistry would have predicted the ring size and composition to be key features, our work reveals that the topological polar surface area is the key feature for the discrimination of these odorants.
Ab-Initio Calculation of Molecular Aggregation Effects: a Coumarin-343 Case Study
Creators: name: Lee, Donghyun
name: Greenman, Loren
name: Sarovar, Mohan
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations for single and dimerized Coumarin-343 molecules in order to investigate the quantum mechanical effects of chromophore aggregation in extended systems designed to function as a new generation of sensors and light-harvesting devices. Using the single-chromophore results, we describe the construction of effective Hamiltonians to predict the excitonic properties of aggregate systems. We compare the electronic coupling properties predicted by such effective Hamiltonians to those obtained from TDDFT calculations of dimers, and to the coupling predicted by the transition density cube (TDC) method. We determine the accuracy of the dipole-dipole approximation and TDC with respect to the separation distance and orientation of the dimers. In particular, we investigate the effects of including Coulomb coupling terms ignored in the typical tight-binding effective Hamiltonian. We also examine effects of orbital relaxation which cannot be captured by either of these models.
Personalized Clustering via Targeted Representation Learning
Creators: name: Geng, Xiwen
name: Zhao, Suyun
name: Yu, Yixin
name: Peng, Borui
name: Du, Pan
name: Chen, Hong
name: Li, Cuiping
name: Wang, Mengdie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering traditionally aims to reveal a natural grouping structure within unlabeled data. However, this structure may not always align with users' preferences. In this paper, we propose a personalized clustering method that explicitly performs targeted representation learning by interacting with users via modicum task information (e.g., $\textit{must-link}$ or $\textit{cannot-link}$ pairs) to guide the clustering direction. We query users with the most informative pairs, i.e., those pairs most hard to cluster and those most easy to miscluster, to facilitate the representation learning in terms of the clustering preference. Moreover, by exploiting attention mechanism, the targeted representation is learned and augmented. By leveraging the targeted representation and constrained contrastive loss as well, personalized clustering is obtained. Theoretically, we verify that the risk of personalized clustering is tightly bounded, guaranteeing that active queries to users do mitigate the clustering risk. Experimentally, extensive results show that our method performs well across different clustering tasks and datasets, even when only a limited number of queries are available.
description: Accepted to AAAI 2025 main conference