cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Macrophage migrating inhibitory factor expression and regulation in Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection in the Guinean population
Creators: name: Kabore, Justin Windingoudi
name: O.  Camara
name: H.  Ilboudo
name: P.  Capewell
name: C.  Clucas
name: A.  Cooper
name: J.  Kaboré
name: M.  Camara
name: V.  Jamonneau
name: C.  Hertz-Fowler
name: A. M. G.  Belem
name: E.  Matovu
name: A.  Macleod
name: I.  Sidibé
name: H.  Noyes
name: B.  Bucheton
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Infection by T. b. gambiense is characterized by a wide array of clinical outcomes in HAT, ranging from asymptomatic to acute disease and even spontaneous cure. Our aim was to investigate the association between macrophage migrating inhibitory factor (MIF), an important pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in both innate and acquired immunity, and disease outcome during gambiense's infection.
MIF levels were first assessed in HAT patients, individuals with latent infections, controls and patients before and after treatment, to determine the relative expression of MIF in these groups of individuals. We next undertook a genome wide analysis to identify genes involved in MIF expression regulation, on individuals for whom expression and genotype data were both available.
Comparative expression analysis of MIF showed that MIF was significantly higher expressed in patients and latent infections relative to controls, and decreased significantly after treatment. We identified four chromosomal loci influencing MIF expression, including one containing the chemokine CXCL13, shown to induce MIF expression in vitro.
This study showed that T. b. gambiense infection induces MIF expression in its human hosts, and that combining whole genome genotype and expression data in infectious diseases, can contribute to improve our general knowledge about the regulation of critical immune mediators in humans.
Youth’s underrepresentation in the European Parliament: Insights from interviews with young Members of the European Parliament (MEPs)
Creators: name: Stockemer, Daniel
name: Sundström, Aksel
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2019
Subjects: Youth; Parliamentary representation; Parties

description: Why do political parties elect so few young deputies? Given that the quantitative literature has at best only partially answered this question, we decided to conduct a qualitative investigation. Taking the European Parliament as a case for study, we examined this question through interview research with some of the young MEPs who served between 2014 and 2019. Our respondents, who answered various open-ended questions, suggest that the young are so few in number both because they lack contacts within the party and are seen as lacking experience. In addition, it appears that few parties have established pro-active measures to promote young candidates.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 5, No 1 (2019): How attractive are political parties and trade unions to young people? (II)
Συμμετοχή ενηλίκων σε εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα: η περίπτωση του προγράμματος "Ηρων" στη Μ. Παναγιά Χαλκιδικής
Creators: name: Στρίκου, Αννα Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Συμμετοχή
Ενήλικες
Μάθηση
Participation
Adults
Learning

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά στη συμμετοχή ενηλίκων σε εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα και χωρίζεται σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος παρουσιάζονται οι θεωρίες γύρω από τη συμμετοχή, τόσο σε κοινωνικό όσο και σε ατομικό επίπεδο. Επιπλέον μελετώνται οι αντιλήψεις και τα κίνητρα που τους οδηγούν στο να εμπλακούν στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία, οι προσδοκίες τους, τα εμπόδια καθώς και η αποτίμηση αυτής της εμπειρίας. Το δεύτερο μέρος αποτελεί τη μελέτη περίπτωσης, συμμετοχής ενηλίκων στο πρόγραμμα ΗΡΩΝ στη Μεγάλη Παναγία Χαλκιδικής. Ερευνήθηκε συγκεκριμένα, το προφίλ των συμμετεχόντων, τι είδους ανάγκες και προσδοκίες τους οδήγησαν στη συμμετοχή και αν αυτές ικανοποιήθηκαν, ποια εμπόδια τους αποθάρρυναν, ποιος και πόσο αξιόπιστος ήταν ο φορέας ενημέρωσης τους, πως επηρέασε το πρόγραμμα την αυτοπεποίθηση τους, η γνώμη τους για τον εκπαιδευτή τους, για το κλίμα στην τάξη αλλά και για τη δια βίου μάθηση ως ιδέα και τρόπο ζωής. Η έρευνα σε σύγκριση με τα θεωρητικό πλαίσιο οδηγεί σε αρκετά ενδιαφέροντα συμπεράσματα και ερεθίσματα για νέες ερευνητικές προσπάθειες.
description: The purpose of this paper is to depict the participation of adults in educational programs and is structured in two parts. The first part presents the theories of participation, both in social and in individual level. In addition there is an examination of the perceptions and motivations that drive adults to engage in the educational process, as well as the expectations, barriers and the valuation of the whole experience. The second part is a case study about the adult participation in the program HERON based in Meagali Panagia , Halkidiki. In particular, it is examined the profile of participants, the kind of needs and expectations that led them to participate, whether these were satisfied, what kind of barriers did discourage them, who and how reliable was the body which informed them, how the program affected their confidence, their opinion about the tutor, the environment in the classroom and lifelong learning as a concept and a way of life. The present work compared with the theoretical framework depicts several interesting conclusions that may lead in new research efforts.
Anomalous enhancement of a penguin hadronic matrix element in B->K eta'
Creators: name: Gerard, J. -M.
name: Kou, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the density matrix element for the pi^0, eta and eta' production from the vacuum in the large-N_c limit. As a consequence, we find that the QCD axial anomaly leads to highly non-trivial corrections to the usual flavour SU(3) relations between B^0-> K^0 pi^0, B^0-> K^0 eta and B^0-> K^0 eta' decay amplitudes. These corrections may explain why the B-> K eta' branching ratio is about six times larger than the B-> K pi one.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Study of the Dependence of the Plateau Shape for Type II Supernovae on Metallicity
Creators: name: Goldshtein, A. A.
name: Blinnikov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of a change in the rate of flux decline in the U band for type II-P supernovae (SNe IIP) as a function of metallicity $Z$. Based on this effect, we propose a new method to determine the photometric redshift from the SN IIP light curve in the U band. Using the STELLA code, we have constructed model light curves in different bands for different redshifts $z = 0.0, 0.1$, and $0.3$ as the metallicity in the models decreases from $Z \sim 10^{-3}$ to $\sim 10^{-6}$. The flux in the U band is shown to reach a plateau at the lowest metallicities. We consider the influence of other parameters as well: the presupernova mass and the mass of radioactive nickel-56.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
title: Συστήματα Στήριξης Αποφάσεων για το Συμμετοχικό Σχεδιασμό στα Πλαίσια της Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Decision Making Systems for Public Participation in Regional Planning
Creators: name: Grammatikogiannis, Elias A.
Publisher: name: National Technological University of Athens
Year: 2011
Subjects: Συμμετοχικός Σχεδιασμός
Ανάλυση Ποιοτικών Δεδομένων
Πολυκριτηριακή Ανάλυση
Γεω-Οπτικοποίηση
Κοινωνικά Δίκτυα
Ολοκληρωμένα Μοντέλα Εκτίμησης
Διαδικτυακό Σύστημα Στήριξης Αποφάσεων ANDREW
Participatory Planning
Qualitative Data Analysis
Multicriteria Evaluation
Geo-Visualization
Social Networks
Integrated Assessment Models
Web Based Decision Support System ANDREW

description: Η διδακτορική διατριβή με τίτλο Συστήματα Στήριξης Αποφάσεων για το Συμμετοχικό Σχεδιασμό στα Πλαίσια της Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, έχει ως στόχο τη σχεδίαση και ανάπτυξη του Συστήματος Στήριξης Αποφάσεων ANDREW, για την εμπλοκή των πολιτών στις διαδικασίες λήψης αποφάσεων με τρόπο οργανωμένο και αποτελεσματικό. Το σύστημα ANDREW ενσωματώνει εργαλεία, μοντέλα και μεθόδους που εμπλουτίζουν τη συμμετοχική διαδικασία. Ο τρόπος με τον οποίο ενσωματώνονται τα στοιχεία αυτά στο σύστημα ANDREW, είναι με τη χρήση νέων τεχνολογιών και του διαδικτύου. Συγκεκριμένα, η διατριβή αποτελείται από τρία μέρη, με το πρώτο να περιλαμβάνει το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο του συμμετοχικού σχεδιασμού, ενώ το δεύτερο μέρος αφορά την αναλυτική περιγραφή των εργαλείων, μεθόδων, μοντέλων, όπως και των νέων τεχνολογιών που επρόκειτο να χρησιμοποιηθούν για τη δόμηση του συστήματος. Τέλος στο τρίτο μέρος, σχεδιάζεται το σύστημα ANDREW, στο οποίο γίνεται σύνθεση όλων των επιμέρους εργαλείων που παρουσιάστηκαν στο δεύτερο μέρος.
description: Ph.D. thesis under the title ‘Decision Making Systems for Public Participation in Regional Planning’ aims at the construction of a Web Based Public Participation System (ANDREW) that gives the opportunity to stakeholders to get involved in the decision making process. A set of methods, models and techniques (integrated assessment models, qualitative data analysis, multicriteria etc.) are employed, in this respect, providing stakeholders with the required information in support of their capacity to contribute to the tasks of participatory planning process. New technologies (social networks and geo-visualization platforms) are used to embed the methods, models and techniques to ANDREW Decision Support System. More precisely, Ph.D. thesis consists of three parts, the first contains the theoretical framework of participatory planning, while in the second part tools, methods, models and new technologies that ANDREW system incorporates, are described in detail. Finally in the third part, ANDREW system, is designed and developed to work via web.
What’s going around? A social network explanation of youth party membership
Creators: name: Paulis, Emilien
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2019
Subjects: Youth; Party membership; Social network; Interpersonal relationship

description: Because people do not join political parties in a social vacuum but rather in close relation with their peers, this paper explores how the structure and composition of interpersonal, social networks affect youth party membership, and questions the answer’s implications for recruitment. The structure does not affect statistically the young citizens’ probability of becoming party members, as the process depends to a high degree on their proximate network core, e.g. their relatives, pointing towards a certain exclusivity in recruitment patterns and giving insight also on why they might stay away from conventional politics. A homogeneous composition matching with a high social and political profile is a pattern that has a considerable impact on their odds of joining a party, stressing that social networks can work in reproducing social and political inequalities, confining recruitment targets to the national population’s most “usual suspects”, and thereby explaining some difficulties faced by party organisations. Drawing on these findings, the conclusion discusses strategic considerations for Belgian parties.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 5, No 1 (2019): How attractive are political parties and trade unions to young people? (II)
Coherent electron dynamics in a two-dimensional random system with mobility edges
Creators: name: de Moura, F. A. B. F.
name: Lyra, M. L.
name: Dominguez-Adame, F.
name: Malyshev, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the dynamics of a one-electron wave packet in a two-dimensional random lattice with long-range correlated diagonal disorder in the presence of a uniform electric field. The time-dependent Schrödinger equation is used for this purpose. We find that the wave packet displays Bloch-like oscillations associated with the appearance of a phase of delocalized states in the strong correlation regime. The amplitude of oscillations directly reflects the bandwidth of the phase and allows to measure it. The oscillations reveal two main frequencies whose values are determined by the structure of the underlying potential in the vicinity of the wave packet maximum.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Quasiexcellence implies strong generation
Creators: name: Aoki, Ko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on a quasicompact separated quasiexcellent scheme of finite dimension has a strong generator in the sense of Bondal-Van den Bergh. This extends a recent result of Neeman and is new even in the affine case. The main ingredient includes Gabber's weak local uniformization theorem and the notions of boundedness and descendability of a morphism of schemes.
description: 5 pages
How political organisations can become more attractive to young adults
Creators: name: Köbe, Philipp
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2019
Subjects: Intergenerational justice; Political participation; Next generation; Participation; Politics

description: This article deals with the relationship between the attractiveness of political parties and the younger generation. A recent survey of the attitudes of 15 to 25 year-olds revealed that young people are both interested in political issues and willing to assume responsibility through participation. Due to the increasing individualisation in our society, the offers of political organisations must match the needs of the younger generation. Lesser options should be developed that offer a multitude of opportunities in different spheres of participation, and these options must be carried into the relevant media of young people with sufficient information. An instrument in the form of an evaluation model is offered to the political organisations to help them excercise control.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 5, No 1 (2019): How attractive are political parties and trade unions to young people? (II)
Quantifying Cosmic Superstructures
Creators: name: Colberg, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Scale Structure (LSS) found in galaxy redshift surveys and in computer simulations of cosmic structure formation shows a very complex network of galaxy clusters, filaments, and sheets around large voids. Here, we introduce a new algorithm, based on a Minimal Spanning Tree, to find basic structural elements of this network and their properties. We demonstrate how the algorithm works using simple test cases and then apply it to haloes from the Millennium Run simulation (Springel et al. 2005). We show that about 70% of the total halo mass is contained in a structure composed of more than 74,000 individual elements, the vast majority of which are filamentary, with lengths of up to 15 Mpc/h preferred. Spatially more extended structures do exist, as do examples of what appear to be sheet-like configurations of matter. What is more, LSS appears to be composed of a fixed set of basic building blocks. The LSS formed by mass selected subsamples of haloes shows a clear correlation between the threshold mass and the mean extent of major branches, with cluster-size haloes forming structures whose branches can extend to almost 200 Mpc/h - the backbone of LSS to which smaller branches consisting of smaller haloes are attached.
description: accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; 13 pages, with 14 figures and 3 tables
Axial anomaly and the precise value of the $π^0 \to 2 γ$ decay width
Creators: name: Ioffe, B. L.
name: Oganesian, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomaly in the vacuum expectation value of the product of axial and two vector currents (AVV) in QCD is investigated. The goal is to determine from its value the $π^0 \to 2 γ$ decay width with high precision. The sum rule for AVV formfactor is studied. The difference $f_{π^0} - f_{π^+}$ caused by strong interaction is calculated and appears to be small. The $π^0 - η$ mixing is accounted. The $π^0 \to 2 γ$ decay width determined theoretically from the axial anomaly is found to be $Γ(π^0 \to 2 γ) = 7.93 eV$ with an error $\sim 1.5%$. The measurement of the $π^0 \to 2 γ$ decay width at the same level of accuracy would allow one to achieve a high precision test of QCD.
description: 8 pages, few misprints are corrected
Machine Learning and Evolutionary Prediction of Superhard B-C-N Compounds
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Chih
name: Schmidt, Joanna N.
name: Yan, Da
name: Vohra, Yogesh K.
name: Chen, Cheng-Chien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build random forests models to predict elastic properties and mechanical hardness of a compound, using only its chemical formula as input. The model training uses over 10,000 target compounds and 60 features based on stoichiometric attributes, elemental properties, orbital occupations, and ionic bonding levels. Using the models, we construct triangular graphs for B-C-N compounds to map out their bulk and shear moduli, as well as hardness values. The graphs indicate that a 1:1 B-N ratio can lead to various superhard compositions. We also validate the machine learning results by evolutionary structure prediction and density functional theory. Our study shows that BC$_{10}$N, B$_4$C$_5$N$_3$, and B$_2$C$_3$N exhibit dynamically stable phases with hardness values $>40$GPa, which are potentially new superhard materials that could be synthesized by low-temperature plasma methods.
The Effect of Porosity on X-ray Emission Line Profiles from Hot-Star Winds
Creators: name: Owocki, Stanley P.
name: Cohen, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the degree to which the nearly symmetric form of X-ray emission lines seen in Chandra spectra of early-type supergiant stars could be explained by a possibly porous nature of their spatially structured stellar winds. Such porosity could effectively reduce the bound-free absorption of X-rays emitted by embedded wind shocks, and thus allow a more similar transmission of red- vs. blue-shifted emission from the back vs. front hemispheres. For a medium consisting of clumps of size l and volume filling factor f, in which the `porosity length' h=l/f increases with local radius as h = h' r, we find that a substantial reduction in wind absorption requires a quite large porosity scale factor h' > 1, implying large porosity lengths h > r. The associated wind structure must thus have either a relatively large scale l~ r, or a small volume filling factor f ~ l/r << 1, or some combination of these. The relatively small-scale, moderate compressions generated by intrinsic instabilities in line-driving seem unlikely to give such large porosity lengths, leaving again the prospect of instead having to invoke a substantial (ca. factor 5) downward revision in assumed mass-loss rates.
description: 6 pages in apj-emulate; 3 figures; submitted to ApJ
James Sloam / Matt Henn: Youthquake 2017: The Rise of Young Cosmopolitans in Britain
Creators: name: Pistor, Simon
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2019

description: No abstract
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 5, No 1 (2019): How attractive are political parties and trade unions to young people? (II)
The Outer Tracker Detector of the HERA-B Experiment. Part III: Operation and Performance
Creators: name: Albrecht, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we describe the operation and performance of the HERA-B Outer Tracker, a 112674 channel system of planar drift tube layers. The performance of the HERA-B Outer Tracker system fullfilled all requirements for stable and efficient operation in a hadronic environment, thus confirming the adequacy of the honeycomb drift tube technology and of the front-end readout system. The detector was stably operated with a gas gain of 30000 in an Ar/CF4/CO2 (65:30:5) gas mixture, yielding a good efficiency for triggering and track reconstruction, larger than 95 % for tracks with momenta above 5 GeV/c. The hit resolution of the drift cells was 300 to 320 micrometers and the relative momentum resolution can be described as: sigma(p)/p (in %) = (1.61 +- 0.02) + (0.0051 +- 0.0006) p. At the end of the HERA-B running no aging effects in the Outer Tracker cells were observed.
description: 38 pages, 20 figures. v2: Added clarifications about trigger efficiency, momentum resolution and alignment precision. Corrected typos. Improved figure quality
Sampling Optimized Code for Type Feedback
Creators: name: Flückiger, Olivier
name: Wälchli, Andreas
name: Krynski, Sebastián
name: Vitek, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To efficiently execute dynamically typed languages, many language implementations have adopted a two-tier architecture. The first tier aims for low-latency startup times and collects dynamic profiles, such as the dynamic types of variables. The second tier provides high-throughput using an optimizing compiler that specializes code to the recorded type information. If the program behavior changes to the point that not previously seen types occur in specialized code, that specialized code becomes invalid, it is deoptimized, and control is transferred back to the first tier execution engine which will start specializing anew. However, if the program behavior becomes more specific, for instance, if a polymorphic variable becomes monomorphic, nothing changes. Once the program is running optimized code, there are no means to notice that an opportunity for optimization has been missed. We propose to employ a sampling-based profiler to monitor native code without any instrumentation. The absence of instrumentation means that when the profiler is not active, no overhead is incurred. We present an implementation is in the context of the Ř just-in-time, optimizing compiler for the R language. Based on the sampled profiles, we are able to detect when the native code produced by Ř is specialized for stale type feedback and recompile it to more type-specific code. We show that sampling adds an overhead of less than 3% in most cases and up to 9% in few cases and that it reliably detects stale type feedback within milliseconds.
Microhabitats and macroinvertebrates: Logjam influences on stream morphology and macroinvertebrate traits
Creators: name: Cummins, Carolyn
name: Martinez, Adriana
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2024

description: Logjams are important hydrologic features that shape stream channel morphology and create habitat for organisms. In this lesson, students learn about and measure logjams in a wadeable stream and predict how logjams affect macroinvertebrate communities. This lesson is geared toward undergraduates, and we recommend conducting field activities in groups of 3-5. We also recommend using a wadeable stream that contains both an area with a logjam and, some distance away (10-100m), an area without a logjam for comparison purposes. Necessary equipment includes writing supplies (paper, pencils), tape measure, datasheets, and macroinvertebrate identification (ID) keys with functional feeding group information. Students will begin the lesson by examining the riverscape, identifying channel morphology changes and major habitats in the stream, and discussing how these are influenced by logjams. Students will then examine macroinvertebrate ID keys and make a prediction about the functional feeding groups they will find in the different habitat zones. After this lesson, students will be able to identify how logjams influence channel morphology and predict how they affect macroinvertebrate habitat.
Effect of H^\pm on B^\pm\to τ^\pmν_τand D^\pm_s\to μ^\pmν_μ,τ^\pmν_τ
Creators: name: Akeroyd, A. G.
name: Chen, Chuan Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observation of the purely leptonic decay B^\pm\to τ^\pmν_τat the B factories permits a sizeable contribution from a charged Higgs boson (H^\pm). Such a H^\pm would also contribute to the decays D^\pm_s\to μ^\pmν_μand D^\pm_s\to τ^\pmν_τ, which are being measured with increasing precision at CLEO-c. We show that the branching ratios of D^\pm_s\to μ^\pmν_μand D^\pm_s\to τ^\pmν_τcould be suppressed by up to 10% from the Standard Model prediction, which is larger than the anticipated precision in the measurements of these decays at forthcoming BES-III.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, reference added, minor alterations, version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Abuse and love : the state of romantic relationships in western culture
Creators: name: Van Ginkel, Cynthia Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The following studies investigate the self within mtimate relationships from the viewpoint of a theoretical framework which asserts that modern Western relationships are more stressed than they have been in the past or may be in other cultures. This stress is postulated to exist primarily because of the expectation in Western society that intimate relationships will be sustained by "passionate love". As well, broad cultural changes in social networks, work life and religious belief are reviewed. Study one looks at the relationship between emotional abusiveness and passionate love in undergraduates and also replicates the pattern of an abusive personality as identified in physically assaultive samples by Dutton and his colleagues (see Dutton, 1995). This pattern is replicated in both males and females; however, results suggest that the only aspect of emotional abusiveness which correlates with passionate love is jealousy, and only in men. Nonetheless, rates of love were similar in both high and low abuse groups. Study two uses a multidimensional jealousy scale to investigate sex differences found in study one and to clarify the relationship between different forms of jealousy and more or less adaptive relationship behaviour. Study two also attempts to operationalize and test some of the sociocultural theory regarding what relates to relationship stress. Specifically, the relationship between borderline personality organization (BPO), a central feature of both abusiveness and Cushman's (1990) theory of the self in our culture, and social network is assessed. Results suggest that there are different types of jealousy which are differentially correlated with abusiveness and the abusive personality. Results also show that in men closer relationships with mother, partner, work, and second-best friend are associated with less BPO and identity diffusion. However, this relationship was not strong in women. Other sex differences were also detected; potential reasons are discussed.
Microwave-Induced Magneto-Intersubband Scattering in a Square Lattice of Antidots
Creators: name: Bykov, A. A.
name: Strygin, I. S.
name: Goran, A. V.
name: Rodyakina, E. E.
name: Nomokonov, D. V.
name: Marchishin, I. V.
name: Abedi, S.
name: Vitkalov, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of microwave radiation on low-temperature electron magnetotransport in a square antidot lattice with a period of d = 0.8 micrometer based on a GaAs quantum well with two occupied energy subbands E1 and E2 is investigated. It is shown that, owing to a significant difference between the electron densities in the subbands, commensurability oscillations of the resistance in the investigated antidot lattice are observed only for the first subband. It is found that microwave irradiation under the cyclotron resonance condition results in the formation of resistance oscillations periodic in the inverse magnetic field in the region of the main commensurability peak. It is established that the period of these oscillations corresponds to the period of magneto-intersubband oscillations. The observed effect is explained by the increase in the rate of intersubband scattering caused by the difference between the electron heating in the subbands E1 and E2.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
HLA B*57:03 and C*03:02 are associated with slow pediatric HIV progression in Botswana and Uganda
Creators: name: S Kyobe
name: S Mwesigwa
name: M Wayengera
name: G Anabwani
name: G P  Kisitu
name: K Maplanka
name: I Kasvosve
name: B Nsangi
name: M Marape
name: T J Masego
name: C W Brown
name: A Kekitiinwa
name: M Joloba
name: S W Mpoloka
name: G Mardon
name: J  Kyosiimire-Lugemwa
name: N A Hanchard
name: M Matshaba
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: In this study we determine the class I HLA alleles associated with HIV disease progression in Botswana and Uganda. From a cohort of about 12,000 children enrolled into pediatric HIV care centers in Uganda and Botswana since 2003, 1,000 participants were retrospectively recruited using the electronic medical records. They were stratified equally into two groups of rapid progression and LTNP according to the WHO classification of HIV disease progression. Class I HLA typing was done using HLAreporter that derives high-resolution allelotypes from whole exome sequence (WES) data. Of the 1,000, 850 participants had WES successfully done and class I HLA allele data was correctly typed for 800 participants. After adjusting for gender and country of origin, we identified HLA-B*57:03 (OR 3.21 95%CI 1.50-6.85, p=0.030) and C*03:02 (OR 4.49 95%CI 1.64-12.23, p=0.049) alleles that are associated with LTNP in children in Uganda and Botswana. In addition, we confirm earlier observations that HLA-B*15:10 (OR 0.46 95%CI 0.31-0.79, p=0.030) is associated with rapid HIV progression as seen in Caucasian populations. Consistent with previous studies, we identified a major role of HLA-B in HIV disease progression, as well as an unreported, uncommon HLA-C allele associated with HIV restriction in African pediatric populations.
Higher-order corrections to mass-charge relation of extremal black holes
Creators: name: Kats, Yevgeny
name: Motl, Lubos
name: Padi, Megha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the hypothesis that the higher-derivative corrections always make extremal non-supersymmetric black holes lighter than the classical bound and self-repulsive. This hypothesis was recently formulated in the context of the so-called swampland program. One of our examples involves an extremal heterotic black hole in four dimensions. We also calculate the effect of general four-derivative terms in Maxwell-Einstein theories in D dimensions. The results are consistent with the conjecture.
description: 14 pages, 1 eps figure; v2: references added, published version
Dynamic Context-guided Capsule Network for Multimodal Machine Translation
Creators: name: Lin, Huan
name: Meng, Fandong
name: Su, Jinsong
name: Yin, Yongjing
name: Yang, Zhengyuan
name: Ge, Yubin
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Luo, Jiebo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal machine translation (MMT), which mainly focuses on enhancing text-only translation with visual features, has attracted considerable attention from both computer vision and natural language processing communities. Most current MMT models resort to attention mechanism, global context modeling or multimodal joint representation learning to utilize visual features. However, the attention mechanism lacks sufficient semantic interactions between modalities while the other two provide fixed visual context, which is unsuitable for modeling the observed variability when generating translation. To address the above issues, in this paper, we propose a novel Dynamic Context-guided Capsule Network (DCCN) for MMT. Specifically, at each timestep of decoding, we first employ the conventional source-target attention to produce a timestep-specific source-side context vector. Next, DCCN takes this vector as input and uses it to guide the iterative extraction of related visual features via a context-guided dynamic routing mechanism. Particularly, we represent the input image with global and regional visual features, we introduce two parallel DCCNs to model multimodal context vectors with visual features at different granularities. Finally, we obtain two multimodal context vectors, which are fused and incorporated into the decoder for the prediction of the target word. Experimental results on the Multi30K dataset of English-to-German and English-to-French translation demonstrate the superiority of DCCN. Our code is available on https://github.com/DeepLearnXMU/MM-DCCN.
Fermion Mass Generation in de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Garbrecht, Bjorn
name: Prokopec, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the one-loop radiative corrections for massless fermions in de Sitter space induced by a Yukawa coupling to a light, nearly minimally coupled scalar field. We show that the fermions acquire a mass. Next we construct the corresponding (nonlocal) effective fermionic action, which -- in contrast to the case of a massive Dirac fermion -- preserves chirality. Nevertheless, the resulting fermion dynamics is precisely that of a Dirac fermion with a mass proportional to the expansion rate. Our finding supports the view that an observer or a test particle responds to a scalar field in inflation by shifting its energy rather than seeing a thermal bath.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX
Participatory dissent : a case study of political participation in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside
Creators: name: Case, Robert A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Literature on political participation suggests that low-income people are not as politically active as other sectors of the population. However, observations of communities like Vancouver's Downtown Eastside seem to contradict this assertion. The current study is a two-part descriptive investigation of the political behavior of low-income people in the Downtown Eastside which endeavours to gain insight into the low participation rates among low-income people documented in the literature. Part 1 employs survey methodology (n=161) and is a quantitative investigation of the relationship between sociopolitical control and the political participation of low-income people. Part II is a qualitative investigation of political behavior employing two focus groups (10 participants in total). The results of this study suggest that the low political participation rates of low-income people documented, in the literature, may to a large extent be due to the way in which political participation is defined in liberal democratic discourse. Low-income people, according to the results, do participate politically, but often in ways that are not typically recognized in liberal democratic discourse as participation. Moreover, the ways in which many low-income people participate appears to be a consequence of their experience of conventional political processes as ineffective or counterproductive. Low-rates of participation, therefore, could more accurately be viewed as high rates of abstention. The implication of these findings for social workers and others interested in promoting political participation is that low rates of political participation among lowincome people can more accurately be attributed to the inadequacy of conventional political processes than to the apathy that low-income people are presumed to exhibit. Further research will be needed before these findings can be confidently generalized and applied to other communities.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with of bovine trypanosomiasis in a vector genetic transition zone in northern Uganda
Creators: name: Opiro, Robert
name: Okello-Alele  Moses
name: Bargul  Joel
name: Malinga  Geoffrey Maxwell
name: Echodu  Richard
name: Opiyo  Elizabeth Auma
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objectives
Nagana disease is an important impediment to livestock productivity and socio-economic well being in vast parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. We surveyed cattle for the prevalence of Nagana and associated risk factors in an area in northern Uganda where tsetse flies of different genetic groups coexist to provide information for planning interventions.
Methods
We sampled cattle from two districts in six sub counties and checked for the presence of the causative agents of Nagana in the cattle. Additionally, we administered questionnaires to the farmers to find out information about risk factors that could predispose their animals to Nagana infection.
Results
Overall, we found that the prevalence of Nagana in cattle in the study area was low (0.94%), much as it varied by subcounty within each district. Infection appeared to be associated with sex and age, with females and older cattle being more likely to be infected. The most important risk factors appeared to be district of cattle origin, management practices, season of increased vectors abundance, and high costs of anti-trypanosome drugs.
Conclusions
Overall trypanosome prevalence was low. Provision of better veterinary services, increased use of tsetse traps and targets, as well as continuous surveillance and monitoring could reduce further the burden of AAT in the study area.
Challenges of Capacity Building in Science in Africa – an African Perspective
Creators: name: K. Kreppel
name: A. Cailleau
name: K. Heitz-Tokpa
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objective: Globally, research capacity is weakest in developing countries. Thus, an increasing number of
initiatives is aimed at building African research capacity. Universities and institutes work together to optimise use of resources. However, Pan-African programs face specific challenges.
This study is looking at the challenges as perceived by Tanzanian, Ivorian and Senegalese scientists involved in Pan-African, collaborative research programs.
Methods: Views from 15 scientists involved in the Afrique One-ASPIRE consortium were collected on the main challenges of teaching in Africa in general, and in an Pan-African program in particular. The responses were analysed for patterns of association.
Results: Afrique One-ASPIRE is a Pan-African consortium with 16 research and academic institutions
involved. It supports projects of 62 MSc, PhD and postdoctoral fellows from 11 African countries. The challenges can be categorised into four main themes: i) educational and socio-cultural systems and their differences between Anglophone and Francophone countries; ii) lack of a critical mass affecting recruitment and retention of students; iii) limited availability of skilled facilitators, mentors and supervisors; and, iv) challenging collaborative research environments.
Conclusion: The study shows the complexities of successfully building capacity in a Pan-African context. The findings provide a unique opportunity for dialogue between capacity builders to be able to address the
challenges faced.
Diversity of brucellosis and multi-strain co-infection in a transboundary livestock production system between Tanzania and Kenya
Creators: name: Akoko, James
name: R  Pelle
name: E  Schelling
name: G  Shirima
name: C  Mathew
name: E  Fevre
name: B  Bett
name: E  Machuka
name: J  Halliday
name: R  Kazwala
name: B  Bonfoh
name: C  Ouma
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objective: Brucellosis is a debilitating zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals with high prevalence in Kenya and Tanzania. This study was conducted to detect and identify the Brucella species circulating in various susceptible livestock hosts in Kenya and Tanzania
Method: Mixed livestock herds (n=72), cattle (n=5), sheep (n=1), goats (n=1) and camels (n=15) with suspected cases of brucellosis were identified for blood, milk and abortion material sampling. Genomic DNA was extracted using Qiagen blood and tissue DNA extraction kit. Real-time PCR, was used to detect and identify Brucella species.
Results: Most sampled herds had mixed livestock (80%). Brucella spp. was detected in 54 out of 72 samples that were sequenced. A total of 113 out of 800 samples tested positive on the genus-specific real-time PCR. We found B. abortus to be the most dominant species, accounting for up to 80% of all cases, B. melitensis 5%. On average, in 9% of samples both B. meltensis and B. abortus was detected while 6% were not classified as either B. abortus or B. melitensis.
Conclusion: The detection of zoonotic species of Brucella in all the major livestock present a serious public health risk. The co-infection detected could be as a result of close interaction between different animal species.
Prevalence of Plasmodium malariae in South Eastern Nigeria
Creators: name: Eniyou  Oriero
name: Olabisi  Oduwole
name: Abdoulaye  Djimde
name: D’Alessandro, Umberto
name: Meremikwu, Martin
name: Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objectives
Routine detection of Plasmodium malariae, which is one of five species that infect humans is not done because the common diagnostic tools do not distinguish between plasmodium species. Submicroscopic infections of any parasite species pose a significant challenge to malaria elimination. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and population at risk of P. malariae infection in a high transmission setting.
Methods
Participants were recruited from four Health Facilities in southeastern Nigeria from October to November 2018. Pan-species rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was used for diagnosis and results were compared with PCR detection.
Results
Out of 799 participants recruited, ratio of male to female was 44%:56%. Age group distribution was 12%, 16%, 21% and 51% respectively for 0-5, 6-10, 11-15 and >15yrs. Plasmodium prevalence by RDT across the four Health facilities was 23.4%, with P. falciparum detected in 84.4%-100%; pan-species mixed with P. falciparum in 2.2%-40.6%; and pan-species positive only in 0%-15.6% . P. malariae was detected in 10.3% of the participants by PCR, 76.8% of which occurred in individuals >11yrs.
Conclusions
The age group with the most P. malariae infections are not often targeted for interventions, therefore routine diagnosis of non-falciparum species is important for proper administration of interventions.
Sustainable strategies for rebuilding the research environment in Côte d'Ivoire between 2008 and 2018
Creators: name: Bassirou  Bonfoh
name: K.  Ouattara
name: J.  Saric
name: Y.  Sangaré
name: G.  Cissé
name: M.  Tanner
name: J.  Utzinger
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: The main objective of this study was to identify and describe strategies that supported those efforts. a needs assessment was conducted in the two largest universities and one representative research institute in Côte d’Ivoire. The impact was assessed in terms of improvement indicators, fellows trained and the research social impact. An internationalization of research was observed with a considerable increase of the number of scientific papers. Research in the Ivorian context is still directed by academic promotion rather than addressing social needs. Institutional seed money, soft skill training and national funding emerged as key factors that boosted research.
Detection of Aflatoxin M1 by Fiber Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ghauri, M. Daniyal
name: Hussain, Syed Zajif
name: Ullah, Ubaid
name: Ayaz, Rana M. Armaghan
name: Saleem, Rahman Shah Zaib
name: Kiraz, Alper
name: Cheema, M. Imran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a carcinogenic compound commonly found in milk in excess of the WHO permissible limit, especially in developing countries. Currently, state-of-the-art tests for detecting AFM1 in milk include chromatographic systems and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays. Although these tests provide fair accuracy and sensitivity however, they require trained laboratory personnel, expensive infrastructure, and many hours for producing final results. Optical sensors leveraging spectroscopy have a tremendous potential of providing an accurate, real time, and specialists-free AFM1 detector. Despite this, AFM1 sensing demonstrations using optical spectroscopy are still immature. Here, we demonstrate an optical sensor that employs the principle of cavity attenuated phase shift spectroscopy in optical fiber cavities for rapid AFM1 detection in aqueous solutions at 1550 nm. The sensor constitutes a cavity built by two fiber Bragg gratings. We splice a tapered fiber of $
Current Induced Order Parameter Dynamics: Microscopic Theory Applied to Co/Cu/Co spin valves
Creators: name: Haney, P. M.
name: Waldron, D.
name: Duine, R. A.
name: Nunez, A. S.
name: Guo, H.
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport currents can alter alter order parameter dynamics and change steady states in superconductors, in ferromagnets, and in hybrid systems. In this article we present a scheme for fully microscopic evaluation of order parameter dynamics that is intended for application to nanoscale systems. The approach relies on time-dependent mean-field-theory, on an adiabatic approximation, and on the use of non-equilibrium Greens function (NEGF) theory to calculate the influence of a bias voltage across a system on its steady-state density matrix. We apply this scheme to examine the spin-transfer torques which drive magnetization dynamics in Co/Cu/Co spin-valve structures. Our microscopic torques are peaked near Co/Cu interfaces, in agreement with most previous pictures, but suprisingly act mainly on Co transition metal $d$-orbitals rather than on $s$-orbitals as generally supposed.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures