cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mesoscale modelling of the Antarctic katabatic wind over the Lambert Basin
Creators: name: Dare, Richard Andrew
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The Lambert Glacier drainage basin is a large area of the Antarctic which has been devoid of conventional meteorological observations, apart from the coastal meteorological stations. A mesoscale atmospheric model is adapted for use over the Antarctic continent, and is used with the coastal meteorological records to simulate boundary layer climatologies over the region. The results are well validated by new data from oversnow traverses and automatic stations around the basin. The CSU-Pielke (Pielke and Martin (1981)) numerical mesoscale model was tested for its suitability over Antarctica. Problems with the surface energy balance iteration scheme, sea ice surface temperatures, boundary layer height parameterisation and the representation of cloud in the radiation scheme over the Antarctic plateau needed to be overcome. Following sensitivity tests to surface parameters, mean summer and winter modelling results were verified using interpolated fields from observations available around the Lambert Basin. Analyses of the meteorological records at Mawson station showed that warm, moist blizzard winds were associated with cyclonic forcing, and average katabatic winds consisted of cold, dry air originating further south and flowing as a shallow surface density current to the coast. \Katabatic-blizzard\" winds were the strongest mean winds found forced by a combination of cyclonic and drainage flows. The mesoscale modelling clarified the observations and showed that downslope winds are likely to be influenced by SW - W synoptic wind directions during July. Near-surface jets complicated relationships between surface and synoptic winds because they are fairly independent of synoptic control existing as relatively dense parcels of air draining downslope from the plateau. Observations showed that during summer wind speed increases were accompanied by increases in thermal stability but during winter by reductions in stability. During January upper winds directly influence surface winds through direct transfer of momentum in the vertical but during July vectorial components contribute to the surface flow forcing. The modelling explained the differences in boundary layer structure between summer and winter associated with the seasonal differences in synoptic flow and also explained why Mawson station is a site of strong persistent winds. Once appropriately adapted for Antarctic use the numerical model was found to produce reasonable thermal fields with corresponding wind regimes. It then served as a powerful tool for improving the general understanding of air flow over Antarctica on the regional scale and also for explaining relationships between surface winds and synoptic forcing over Mawson station."
Two-loop coefficient function for DVCS: Vector contributions
Creators: name: Braun, V. M.
name: Manashov, A. N.
name: Moch, Sven-Olaf
name: Schoenleber, Jakob
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020

description: Using the approach based on conformal symmetry we calculate the two-loop coefficient function for the vector flavor-nonsinglet contribution to deeply-virtual Compton scattering (DVCS). The analytic expression for the coefficient function in momentum fraction space is presented in the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme. The corresponding next-to-next-to-leading order correction to the Compton form factor $\mathcal{H}$ for a simple model of the generalized parton distribution appears to be rather large: a factor two smaller than the next-to-leading order correction, approximately $\sim 10$\% of the tree level result in the bulk of the kinematic range, for $Q^2=4$~GeV$^2$.
A classification of special 2-fold coverings
Creators: name: Bauval, Anne
name: Goncalves, Daciberg L
name: Hayat, Claude
name: Mello, Maria Herminia de Paula Leite
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R15, 53C27

description: Starting with an O(2)-principal fibration over a closed oriented surface F_g, g>=1, a 2-fold covering of the total space is said to be special when the monodromy sends the fiber SO(2) = S^1 to the nontrivial element of Z_2. Adapting D Jonhson's method [Spin structures and quadratic forms on surfaces, J London Math Soc, 22 (1980) 365-373] we define an action of Sp(Z_2,2g), the group of symplectic isomorphisms of (H_1(F_g;Z_2),.), on the set of special 2-fold coverings which has two orbits, one with 2^{g-1}(2^g+1) elements and one with 2^{g-1}(2^g-1) elements. These two orbits are obtained by considering Arf-invariants and some congruence of the derived matrices coming from Fox Calculus. Sp(Z_2,2g) is described as the union of conjugacy classes of two subgroups, each of them fixing a special 2-fold covering. Generators of these two subgroups are made explicit.
description: This is the version published by Geometry & Topology Monographs on 29 April 2008
China’s Military Engagement with Pacific Island Countries
Creators: name: Zhang, Denghua
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: China’s fast-growing presence in the Pacific Island countries (PICs) have triggered traditional powers’ increasing concerns about China’s military ambition in the region. In April 2018, in response to media speculation about China’s plan to build a military base in Vanuatu, Australian prime minister Malcolm Turnbull stated that ‘[w]e would view with great concern the establishment of any foreign military bases in those Pacific Island countries and neighbours of ours’. In 2019, China Sam Enterprise Group’s plan to lease the island of Tulagi in Solomon Islands (later vetoed by the Solomon Islands government) caused alarm in the United States and Australia. Drawing upon scholarly works and public documents in English and Mandarin, this research provides a brief account of China’s military engagement with PICs since 2006 and China’s perspectives on the relevance of these countries to its national security.
Sono-synthesised algae-based magnetic mesoporous adsorbent for dye adsorption: Characterization, reusability and toxicity assessment
Creators: name: Afshin, Shirin
name: Haghighi, Mohsen
name: Rashtbari, Yousef
name: Mokhtari, S. Ahmad
name: Vosoughi, Mehdi
name: Sadeghi, Hadi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: In this work, filamentous algae-based activated carbon was composited with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and applied as a potential adsorbent to remove Basic Blue 41. AAC/Fe3O4 nanocomposite was synthesised by the impregnation method and characterised by several techniques including, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, TGA, XRD, VSM, and BET. The characterisation results confirmed the existence of Fe3O4 in the nanocomposite structure, which had uniformly dispersed over AAC with mesoporous texture. The effects of various operational parameters on removal efficiency were investigated. The maximum AAC/Fe3O4 nanocomposite adsorption capacity (141 mg g−1) and removal rate (96.76%) were determined under optimum conditions (initial concentration of 100 mg L−1, solution pH of 9, nanocomposite dose = 1 g L−1 at 25°C for 90 min). The obtained adsorption data fitted well with the pseudo-second-order Langmuir isotherm model. The reusability assessment of AAC/Fe3O4 nanocomposite (with acidic solution) revealed about 11% decreases in the removal efficiency after five consecutive runs. Finally, bioassay studies using D. Magna confirmed AAC/Fe3O4 nanocomposite could create low toxicity and acceptable quality effluents. These attractive features make it a potential adsorbent for practical application in actual textile wastewater treatment.
Ice magnetization in the EPICA-Dome C ice core: Implication for dust sources during glacial and interglacial periods
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: May, Steven R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to review the progress made over the past four years in studies of Phanerozoic and Precambrian polar wander, with an emphasis on the contributions made by U.S. scientists. We perceive a general theme embracing the notion that the accuracy of cratonic "reference poles" and therefore of apparent polar wander (APW) paths is not as good as was generally believed four years ago. A renewed interest in research concerning cratonic reference poles is largely the result of paleomagnetic studies in orogenic belts, namely the western Cordillera and Appalachians of North America, the Andes of South America, and elsewhere which seek to document the existence or non-existence of displacements of suspect terranes (i.e., rotation and/or translation) with respect to their presently associated cratons. (Some of the results of this research are reviewed in this volume by Hillhouse and McWilliams). An important realization of which paleomagnetists have long been aware but which was demonstrated recently by a number of sobering examples for both the Paleozoic and Mesozoic APW paths for North America, is that the reliability of concordance/discordance parameters that define terrane displacement is dependent not only on the precision and accuracy of the individual paleomagnetic study, but also on the precision and accuracy of the appropriate cratonic reference pole.
Analysis of cable structures by Newton's method
Creators: name: Miller, Ronald Ian Spencer
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The analysis of structures which contain catenary cables is made difficult by the non-linear force-deformation relationships of the cables. For all but the smallest deflections it is not possible to linearize these relationships without causing significant inaccuracies. Newton's Method solves non-linear equations by solving a succession of linearized problems, the answer converging to the solution of the non-linear problem. Newton's Method so used to analyze cable-containing structures results in a succession of linear stiffness analysis problems. As a result, conventional stiffness analysis computer programs may be modified without great difficulty to solve cable structures by Newton's Method. The use of Newton's Method to solve cable structures forms the body of this thesis. The two basic innovations necessary, which are the provision of methods for calculating the end-forces of a cable in an arbitrary position, and for evaluating the stiffness matrix of a cable, are presented. Also discussed are the co-ordinate transformations necessary to describe the cable stiffness matrix and cable end forces in a Global Co-ordinate System. The virtues of the method are demonstrated in two example problems, and the theoretical basis for Newton's Method is examined. Finally, the value of the method presented is briefly discussed.
A Phenomenological, Photo–Narrative Study of Violence and Resilience Among Urban Native Women
Creators: name: Davis, Alexandra  P
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This phenomenological, photo-narrative study explored the experiences of violence and of resilience among Indigenous women living in the Chicago metropolitan area. Six adult women participated in a two-stage study: a series of eight "hybrid circles" where participant photos were taken and shared, and a subsequent individual photo-narrative interview. Narratives indicated that participants had experiences both similar to and dissimilar from other marginalized groups of women, including reservation-based Indigenous women and urban non-Indigenous women. This was particularly evident in photographs depicting the balance between Indigenous tradition and Euro-American “urban” culture, as participants found themselves describing the complexities of living as an Indigenous woman in a space long “cleansed” of widespread Indigenous presence. Participant reflections of the study suggested the use of photography and photo-narrative as meaningful methods for discussing sensitive and/or vulnerable topics; by highlighting first-person visual narratives, this project demonstrates the necessity of including urban Indigenous women’s voices in broader conversations around gender, race, and violence. It also illustrates ways in in which narratives surrounding photographs—in both criminology and among Indigenous peoples—can be used in strengths-based rather than weakness-first ways.
A preliminary survey of selected species of endemic plants to determine commercial cropping potential for essential oils
Creators: name: Dragar, VA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This work was embarked upon as a preliminary survey of the Tasmanian endemic essential-oil-bearing plants, with a view to locating species which may be suitable for commercial production of oil. Initially, twenty plant species were selected as having been observed to contain an essential oil. The species were : Bedfordia salicina, Beyeria viscosa, Callitris tasmanica, Cassinia aculeata, Drimys lanceolata (also known as Tasmannia lanceolata), Eriostemon virgatus, Kunzea ambigua, Leptospermum glaucescens, Leptospermum lanigerum, Leptospermum scoparium, Melaleuca squamea, Melaleuca squarrosa, Olearia argophylla, Olearia phlogopappa, Phebalium squameum, Prostanthera lasianthos, Senecia linearifolius and Zieria arborescens. Material from these species was taken for steam distillation and solvent extraction, and the oil samples, thus obtained, were analysed by GC-MS. In addition, data on yields of oil were compiled, in order that comparisons between species could be made. The number of species under investigation was reduced to ten, by excluding those that did not possess a persistent or powerfully pleasant odour. The other major criterion used in determining which species may be of commercial value was oil yield, which was not to be less than 0.1%. The species that were retained were as follows: B. viscosa, C. tasmanica, D. lanceolata, E. virgatus, E. amygdalina, K. ambigua, L. glaucescens, L. lanigerum, 0. phlogopappa and P. squameum. Comparisons between the estimated yield of these species, on a per hectare basis, with that of commercial essential oil crops, showed that they have the potential to produce similar quantities of oil. Scanning electron microscope studies of the oil glands of the ten selected species were undertaken. These showed definite similarities in structure, both among themselves and with glands described in the literature. Small-scale propagation trials were run with the species listed above. Many were found to grow readily form cuttings, whilst others were easily raised from seed, and all of the ten species were propagated by one or other of these means. However, tissue culture techniques would vastly improve the efficiency of any large scale propagation project. The GC-MS results showed the preesence of many commercially important compounds, as well as one which had not been cited previously in the literature, namely epi-Y-eudesmol in Olearia spp. Compounds which were identified by this method were quantified by determining the area under the relevant peak. In addition, the oils from these species were examined using a gas chromatograph which had been equipped with a splitter, so that the various components could be described as they were vented from the column.
Paleomagnetic study of the Paleocene-Eocene Tarawan Chalk and Esna Shale: Dual polarity remagnetizations of Cenozoic sediments in the Nile Valley (Egypt)
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Dupuis, Christian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Paleontology

description: A paleomagnetic study of the Paleocene-Eocene Esna Shale and Tarawan Chalk at the Dababiya and Qreiya sections near Luxor in central Egypt reveals stable normal and reverse polarity magnetizations. However, these (neritic) pelagic marine sediments have evidently been remagnetized because: 1) the stable magnetizations are carried by hematite with no evidence of a primary magnetic mineral like magnetite, 2) the magnetic polarity stratigraphy is not consistent between the sections and with patterns expected from global magnetobiostratigraphic time scales, and 3) the directions correspond to late Cenozoic directions and are far from expected early Cenozoic reference directions for Africa. Our interpretation suggests that reported paleomagnetic results from other Cenozoic sediments from the Nile Valley suffered a similar fate. We suggest that the remagnetization may be associated with weathering and fluid flow during Neogene uplift and rifting in the formation of the early Nile Valley.
Impact of thermal modification of carbon felt on the performance of oxygen reduction reaction and mineralisation of dye in on-line electro fenton system
Creators: name: Ergan, Başak Temur
name: Soybelli, Mert
name: Gengec, Erhan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Carbon felt (CF) is frequently used as an electrode in various processes of oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and water treatment. Therefore, it is critical to increasing the performance of this material in ORR. In this study, the effect of the thermal modification, which is a simple and low-cost process, was examined. For testing the hydrogen peroxide generation efficiencies and the mineralisation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye, the modified CF electrodes (under 0–900°C and N2 atmosphere for 1 hour) were used as cathodes with Ti/RuO2-IrO2-TiO2 as anode and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as a reference electrode. In addition, to find the optimum Electro-Fenton (EF) process parameters, the potential of the cathode (0.8–3.0 V), pH (3.0–9.0), Fe2+ concentration (0.2–1.0 mM) and electrolyte (sodium sulphate) concentration (10–500 mM) were investigated. The highest efficiencies in dye and TOC removal were achieved at 0.8 V, 50 mM of electrolyte concentration with 0.3 mM of Fe2+ by using CF modified at 900°C as 96.26% at 10 min and 91.83% at 120 min, respectively. Besides, the modification process was increased the electroactive surface area (41.70%) and crystallite size (22.69%) of the electrode. Thus, more effective treatment was achieved. Thanks to the modification, the electrical energy and electrochemical energy saving are approximately 23.87% and 70.22%, respectively. On the other hand, a kinetic study was conducted with a large number of data coming from the on-line analysis system, which is different from most systems in the literature. At the end of the kinetic study, it was revealed that EF systems could not be explained by a single kinetic equation. It was found that the EF system has two different rate equations (first order and pseudo first order) with high correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.9965 and 9920).
Paleomagnetism and cycle stratigraphy of the Triassic Fleming Fjord and Gipsdalen Formations of East Greenland
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Clemmensen, Lars B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A 210 m section of Late Triassic Fleming Fjord Formation (the Malmros Klint Member and the lowermost 80m of the overlying Carlsberg Fjord beds of the à˜rsted Dal Member) in the Tait Bjerg area of the Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland, was sampled for paleomagnetic study and measured for cycle stratigraphie analysis. Paleomagnetic samples were also taken from the underlying Gipsdalen Formation in the Gipsdalen area. A high stability characteristic magnetization carried by hematite was successfully isolated in 63 sampling levels in the Fleming Fjord Formation and 9 sampling sites in the Gipsdalen Formation using progressive thermal demagnetization. The mean characteristic directions for the Herning Fjord and the Gipsdalen Formations may be biased by sedimentary inclination error but are consistent with a northward drift of East Greenland of about 10° from the arid (ca. 25° N) to semihumid (ca. 35° N) paleoclimatic belts in the Middle to Late Triassic. Seven normal and reversed polarity intervals are clearly delineated in the Fleming Fjord Formation section. A preferred correlation of the magnetostratigraphy to a cyclostratigraphically calibrated reference polarity sequence recently derived from drill cores in the Newark Basin of eastern North America suggests that the sampled interval represents about a 3.5 m.y. interval of the late Norian. The Malmros Klint Member and the overlying Carlsberg Fjord beds have composite sedimentary cycles that vary in thickness from 25 m to about 1 m and seem to match Milankovitch orbital climatic cyclicity with periods of ~400ky, ~100ky, ~40ky, and ~20ky. The composition and thickness ratio of the cycles suggest that the measured section of the Malmros Klint Member and the Carlsberg Fjord beds represents lacustrine accumulation over about 4 m.y., a duration consistent with the magnetostratigraphic correlations.
title: Differential Hawthorne Effect by Cueing, Sex, and Relevance
Creators: name: Harris, Richard Carl
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: This study attempted to create experimentally the Hawthorne effect in a freshman general psychology class at Utah State University during tall quarter of 1967. It also attempted to discover the differential effect of cueing, sex, and relevance on the experimental creation of the Hawthorne effect as measured by six general psychology criterion tests.
The design of this study included a control group and three experimental groups.
The following five hypotheses were postulated:

The experimental groups will show greater influence from the Hawthorne effect than the control group.

Within the three experimental groups there will be an increasing Hawthorne effect with the least effect in the subject-object cue group and the greatest effect in the subject-object-observer group as compared to the control group.

The females in all experimental groups will show significantly greater Hawthorne effect than males within the same groups.

The group rating high on the Relevance scale will show significantly greater Hawthorne effect than the groups rating low in relevance.

There will be sufficient interactive effects between factors to the extent that some will reach significance.

The hypotheses were tested by means of analysis of covariance with ACT predicted grade point average as the covariate. None of the differences were significant at the .05 level.
It was concluded that the Hawthorne effect does not exist as a potent enough variable to distort the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable in educational and psychological investigations of short duration involving freshman university students. It was also concluded that the variables of Cueing, Sex, and Relevance are not functionally related to the creation of the Hawthorne effect and, therefore, need not be controlled.
Major ion chemistry and hydrochemical processes controlling water composition of Teesta River catchment, Sikkim Himalaya, India
Creators: name: Tiwari, Ashwani Kumar
name: Singh, Abhay Kumar
name: Giri, Soma
name: Mahato, Mukesh Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The study determines the major ion chemistry of the Teesta River catchment in the Eastern Himalayan region and evaluates hydrochemical processes controlling water composition of the catchment area. Water of the Teesta River basin was in neutral to alkaline condition. HCO3−, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+ and SO42- were identified as the dominant ionic species in the Teesta catchment water composition and Ca-Mg-HCO3 as the dominant hydrochemical facies. Higher contribution of (Ca2++Mg2+) and HCO3− towards the TZ+ and TZ−, high ionic ratios of (Ca2++Mg2+)/(Na++K+), HCO3−/(Cl−+SO42-) and low (Na++K+)/TZ+ ratio suggest carbonate weathering as a major contributor of dissolved ions in the Teesta basin water. Under-saturation with respect to both carbonate and sulphate phase minerals suggests that water can dissolve these minerals during water-rock interaction. Concentration of the analysed water quality parameters were well below the specified drinking and irrigation water limits.
Quantum Kagome antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
Creators: name: Mendels, Philippe
name: Bert, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frustration of antiferromagnetic interactions on the loosely connected kagome lattice associated to the enhancement of quantum fluctuations for S=1/2 spins was acknowledged long ago as a keypoint to stabilize novel ground states of magnetic matter. Only very recently, the model compound Herbersmithite, ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2, a structurally perfect kagome antiferromagnet, could be synthesized and enables a close comparison to theories. We review and classify various experimental results obtained over the past years and underline some of the pending issues.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, invited paper in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn, special topics issue on "Novel States of Matter Induced by Frustration", to be published in Jan. 2010
title: A Follow-up Study of Mound Fort Junior High's Ninth Grade Class of 1962-63
Creators: name: Heaps, Helen
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: The intent of this study was to follow up the students of Mound Fort Junior High School's ninth grade class of 1962-63 in order to secure information and facts about members of that class and to answer the following questions: (1) What has happened to the students educationally? (2) What has happened to the students vocationally? (3) How many students have served or are presently serving the armed forces? (4) What is the marital status of each student? (5) How did the high school graduate compare with the dropout in test scores, grade point average, attendance, awareness of counseling services, and use of counseling services? (6) How did the students react to the school's program?
There were 214 students (108 boys and 106 girls) who constituted the sample of this follow-up study. Sources used for obtaining desired information concerning the sample included a questionnaire and school records. Questionnaires were mailed to 214 students and it was assumed that 185 students received one. Of this number, 135 students (72.9%) completed and returned their questionnaires.
The results of this study showed that graduates scored higher in all areas than the dropouts--intelligence, achievement, grade point, and school attendance. The test scores for the average dropout indicated that they had the intelligence and the ability to achieve in school work. There was a greater awareness of counseling services among the graduates than was true of the dropouts. Suggestions and comments made by the students indicated they would like their teachers to take a personal interest in them, talk to them on their level, and treat them as an adult. Students want to be encouraged to stay in school and to have the importance of education stressed.
title: Student Achievement Effort as Related To Achievement and Self Concept
Creators: name: Maughan, Michael Lynn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: This study was designed to investigate more completely the variable of achievement effort (effort in school) as related to self rating, teacher rating, student self concept, actual achievement, and sex differences.
A group of 198 sixth grade students were used as the experimental subjects. Five sets of data were obtained on the students: (a) students' self ratings on an achievement effort rating scale, (b) teachers' ratings of their students on the same achievement effort rating scale, (c) students' scores on a self concept scale, (d) students' performances on an achievement test, and (e) students' performances on an intelligence test. Partial correlation, product-moment correlation, and chi-square were the statistical techniques used to analyze the data.
The results showed that the correlations which were not significantly different than zero were: (1) achievement with self concept, and (2) achievement with achievements effort as rated by the student. The correlations which were significantly greater than zero were: (1) achievement effort as rated by the student with self concept, (2) achievement with achievement effort as rated by the teacher, and (3) achievement effort as rated by the student with achievement effort as rated by the teacher.
Redbeds and thermoviscous magnetization theory
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Miller, John D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Thermal demagnetization characteristics of a Brunhes“age viscous overprint in Appalachian redbeds and a thermoviscous component acquired in the laboratory at moderate temperature agree well with relaxation time“blocking temperature relations for hematite proposed by Pullaiah et al. [1975]. Supporting evidence was obtained from redbeds associated with an igneous dike intrusion although the interpretation of these data are complicated by magnetochemical alterations. Paradoxically, experimental data for magnetite in some limestones were shown to agree more closely with an alternative theory of Walton [1980]. The hematite in redbeds is predominantly singledomain (SD) whereas magnetite in the limestones studied extends well into the multidomain (MD) range. Thus experiment and theory could be reconciled if it is assumed that Pullaiah et al. applies strictly to SD material whereas Walton's theory somehow describes thermoviscous effects dominated by larger MD grains.
New period-luminosity and period-color relations of classical Cepheids: III. Cepheids in SMC
Creators: name: Sandage, A.
name: Tammann, G. A.
name: Reindl, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photometric data for 460 classical, fundamental-mode Cepheids in the SMC with log P > 0.4 measured by Udalski et al. have been analyzed for their P-C and P-L relations, and for the variation of amplitude across the instability strip in a similar way that was done in Papers I and II of this series. The SMC Cepheids are bluer in (B-V) at a given period than for both the Galaxy and the LMC. Their P-C relation in (B-V) is best fit by two lines intersecting at P=10 d. Their break must necessarily exist also in the P-L relations in B and/or V, but remains hidden in the magnitude scatter. An additional pronounced break of the P-L relations in B, V, and I occurs at P=2.5 d. The observed slope of the lines of constant period in the HR diagram agrees with the theoretical expectation from the pulsation equation. The largest amplitude Cepheids for periods less than 13 days occur near the blue edge of the instability strip. The sense is reversed in the period interval from 13 to 20 days, as in the Galaxy and the LMC. The SMC P-L relation is significantly flatter than that for the Galaxy, NGC 3351, 4321, M31, all of which have nearly the same steep slope. The SMC P-L slope is intermediate between that of these steep slope cases and the very shallow slope of Cepheids in the lower metallicity galaxies of NGC 3109 and Sextans A/B, consistent with the premise that the Cepheid P-L relation varies from galaxy-to-galaxy as function of metallicity. Failure to take into account the slope differences in the P-L relation as a function of metallicity using Cepheids as distance indicators results in incorrect Cepheid distances. Part of the 15% difference between our long distance scale - now independently supported by TRGB distances - and that of the HST Key Project short scale is due to the effect of using an inappropriate P-L relation.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Facile sol-gel synthesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles for effective removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution
Creators: name: Youssef, Hany M.
name: Toamah, Wisam O.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: In this study, nanoparticles of calcium oxide (CaO-NPs) were prepared via the sol-gel technique and introduced as a highly efficient adsorbent for removing Ni(II) from aqueous media. The prepared adsorbent was characterised via SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA. The pHzpc and surface area were also determined. XRD pattern exposed a polycrystalline nature of the adsorbent. SEM analysis showed that the adsorbent possesses enhanced surface porosity highlighting its potential capacity for adsorption. TEM analysis confirmed the crystallisation of adsorbent with a simple cubic structure. The FTIR spectrum displayed that the adsorbent surface comprises mostly (–OH and C=O) groups which are principally accountable for the adsorption of Ni(II). A series of batch adsorption experiments were done to study the effect of several parameters as pH, adsorbent dose, time of contact, initial concentration of adsorbate, temperature, ionic strength, and presence of interfering ions on the removal of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions using CaO-NPs. Maximum removal was obtained with 200 mg of adsorbent after 90 min contact time at pH 7 and 25°C as optimal conditions. The adsorption process was fitted well with Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, showing that the adsorption of Ni(II) ions on CaO-NPs was monolayer coverage with 166.67 mg/g capacity of adsorption. Thermodynamic studies revealed a spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process. The regeneration study using Na2EDTA indicated that the prepared adsorbent has a high renewal potential without notable loss in its performance. Moreover, the prepared adsorbent proved its good applicability and performance by successful application of the suggested procedure for the recovery of Ni(II) added to some real water samples. Accordingly, the obtained results showed that CaO-NPs can rapidly and efficiently remove Ni(II) from aqueous solutions. Also, CaO-NPs adsorbent is eco-friendly, easy to produce, cost-effective, non-toxic, and with good adsorption-desorption capacity. Therefore, this study will contribute to ecological cleaning and wastewater treatment.
Palaeomagnetic determination of emplacement temperature of Vesuvius AD 79 pyroclastic deposits
Creators: name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Ninkovich, Dragoslav
name: Pescatore, Tullio
name: Sparks, Stephen R. J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The city of Herculaneum was buried under 20 m of pyroclastic deposits during the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius, whose crater is only 7 km to the east. These deposits have been interpreted as the deposits of mudflows or hot pyroclastic flows. Maury's studies of incinerated wood in Herculaneum demonstrate heating to at least 400° C. We have studied the variation of remanent magnetism with temperature for specimens taken from the deposits, including specimens of the matrix material and of embedded lithic fragments. We conclude that the temperature of the deposit at emplacement is unlikely to have been greater than 400° C, which further supports the interpretation of the pyroclastic deposits at Herculaneum as largely ignimbrites (hot pyroclastic flow deposits).
title: A Study of Life Crisis Magnitude of Psychiatric Patients and a Non-Therapy Group
Creators: name: Morris, Helen B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: A group of hospitalized psychiatric patients and a randomly selected non-therapy group responded to the Schedule of Recent Experiences questionniare. In order to determine the magnitude of life change events for the two groups, Life Change Unit totals were derived for the years 1966 and 1967.
To test the hypothesis that patients in psychiatric treatment have experienced a quantitatively significant greater amount of life change than a group of non-therapy subjects, an analysis of variance was used to determine whether there were significant differences between the scores for the two groups.
For the year 1966, no significant difference was found between the therapy and non-therapy samples. For the year 1967, there was a significant difference between the mean Life Change Unit scores for the two groups.
As a result of these findings, it is concluded that an accumulation of life change events may serve to precipitate mental health change, and that that probability of such health change occurring is significantly greater when there is a clustering of life change events during any given year than when such a clustering does not occur.
Impact of thermal modification of carbon felt on the performance of oxygen reduction reaction and mineralisation of dye in on-line electro fenton system
Creators: name: Ergan, Başak Temur
name: Soybelli, Mert
name: Gengeç, Erhan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Carbon felt (CF) is frequently used as an electrode in various processes of oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and water treatment. Therefore, it is critical to increasing the performance of this material in ORR. In this study, the effect of the thermal modification, which is a simple and low-cost process, was examined. For testing the hydrogen peroxide generation efficiencies and the mineralisation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye, the modified CF electrodes (under 0–900°C and N2 atmosphere for 1 hour) were used as cathodes with Ti/RuO2-IrO2-TiO2 as anode and saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as a reference electrode. In addition, to find the optimum Electro-Fenton (EF) process parameters, the potential of the cathode (0.8–3.0 V), pH (3.0–9.0), Fe2+ concentration (0.2–1.0 mM) and electrolyte (sodium sulphate) concentration (10–500 mM) were investigated. The highest efficiencies in dye and TOC removal were achieved at 0.8 V, 50 mM of electrolyte concentration with 0.3 mM of Fe2+ by using CF modified at 900°C as 96.26% at 10 min and 91.83% at 120 min, respectively. Besides, the modification process was increased the electroactive surface area (41.70%) and crystallite size (22.69%) of the electrode. Thus, more effective treatment was achieved. Thanks to the modification, the electrical energy and electrochemical energy saving are approximately 23.87% and 70.22%, respectively. On the other hand, a kinetic study was conducted with a large number of data coming from the on-line analysis system, which is different from most systems in the literature. At the end of the kinetic study, it was revealed that EF systems could not be explained by a single kinetic equation. It was found that the EF system has two different rate equations (first order and pseudo first order) with high correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.9965 and 9920).
Henry's law and gas phase disappearance
Creators: name: Jaffré, Jérôme
name: Sboui, Amel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a two-phase (liquid-gas) two-component (water-hydrogen) system in porous media we discuss the formulation of the possible dissolution of hydrogen in the liquid phase. We show how Henry's law fits in a phase diagram. Then the problem is formulated as a set of nonlinear partial differential equations with complementarity constraints.
title: Remedial Reading: Evaluation of a Reading-and-Study Course With Implications for a College Reading Center
Creators: name: Powell, Antoine T.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the method of teaching a "How to Study" class in helping students more adequately meet their reading needs.
Research was conducted to test the reading gains made by students in the program with respect to ability and group size. The results indicate that group size had the greatest effect as to changes in reading behavior.
Instruction was based on diagnosing student needs. It was shown that a significant number of students who decreased in rate of reading, increased in comprehension. The same diagnostic principle was observed for those who were judged able to increase rate, since a significant number in this category also increased in comprehension. It was concluded that the training was effective in helping students to adjust their rate of reading in order to facilitate an increase in comprehension. There was a wide range of individual differences in the actual amount of comprehension increase. The average increase of 14.5 percent was not significant. However, of the 163 students in the program 82 made a 10 percent increase or better.
The principle problem of students making no progress was motivation. While 13.8 percent rated the course as one of the best, 30.2 percent rated the course as above average, and 34.5 percent rated the course average, 14.5 percent rated the course below average, and 6.2 percent were very critical of the course.
title: Variations on Piaget's Pre-number Development Tests Used as Learning Experiences
Creators: name: Richards, Hyrum E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: The effects of learning upon the rate of conservation attainment and its transference to other areas of performance were studied using 17 mentally retarded subjects.
Subjects found to be non-conservers on pretests were taught conservation and correspondence using a variety of tasks modeled from Piaget's experiments. They were also pretested on the WISC Information and Picture Arrangement Sub-tests and a number concept test. Following the learning experiences, the subjects were posttested using the same measures used for pretesting with the exception of the number test where an alternate form was used.
Significant correlations were found between the conservation pretest scores and General Intelligence (r=.72), Chronological Age (r=.66), Mental Age (r=.91), Information sub-test (r=.76), Picture Arrangement sub-test (r=.83), and number concept test scores (r=.64).
There were significant posttest gains on conservation (F=79.98, p
Scores on an instrument designed to measure internalization of the concepts showed significant gains on posttest (F=15.97, p
Improved Calculation of Vibrational Mode Lifetimes in Anharmonic Solids - Part I: Theory
Creators: name: Dickel, Doyl
name: Daw, Murray S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose here a formal foundation for practical calculations of vibrational mode lifetimes in solids. The approach is based on a recursion method analysis of the Liouvillian. From this we derive the lifetime of a vibrational mode in terms of moments of the power spectrum of the Liouvillian as projected onto the relevant subspace of phase space. In practical terms, the moments are evaluated as ensemble averages of well-defined operators, meaning that the entire calculation is to be done with Monte Carlo. These insights should lead to significantly shorter calculations compared to current methods. A companion piece presents numerical results.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
How Do We Understand Natural Selection?
Creators: name: Delaney, Lucy E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Humans have long sought to understand the forces that shape the diversity of living creatures on our planet. This work is primarily concerned with examining one such force---the historical action of natural selection---from practical, philosophical, and pedagogical perspectives. The first half is concerned with a suite of genetic mechanisms in flowering plants---adaptations collectively known as self-incompatibility or SI---that allow an otherwise fertile hermaphroditic plant to recognize and reject its own pollen. The number and phylogenetic distribution of SI systems is not currently known, and a lack of organized data hampers our ability to answer enduring questions related to the evolution and maintenance of SI systems over large timescales. Gathering data on SI is challenging as this trait has no immediately obvious characteristic morphology. First, I examine more than a thousand published reports to create curated datasets on the phylogenetic distribution and frequency of SI across two of the largest flowering plant families---Fabaceae and Orchidaceae. I summarize what is currently known about the nature of SI and its distribution in these families, and provide insights for future study. The second half is concerned with the pedagogy of natural selection. Despite the centrality of the theory of evolution by natural selection to our understanding of biological sciences, natural selection itself remains one of the most poorly understood mechanisms of evolutionary change among the general public. Few empirical studies examine the basic structure of student explanations related to adaptation. For instance, do students more commonly provide descriptions of observed patterns or provide explanations that cite causal mechanisms? Are answers focused at the level of the organism or at the level of the species? Here I develop a novel framework and associated questionnaire that allows for systematic analysis of student responses. I administer this framework to approximately 600 student participants over two semesters, across all levels of biological study. I find that students overwhelmingly prefer pattern-based descriptions to causal explanations, and that their justifications are frequently teleological. I demonstrate methods of formal instruction that may aid students in creating coherent and robust explanatory frameworks.