cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulating second-generation herbaceous bioenergy crop yield using the global hydrological model H08 (v.bio1)
Creators: name: Ai, Zhipin
name: Hanasaki, Naota
name: Heck, Vera
name: Hasegawa, Tomoko
name: Fujimori, Shinichiro
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: algorithm
subject: bioenergy
subject: crop yield
subject: energy crop
subject: grass
subject: 910

description: Large-scale deployment of bioenergy plantations would have adverse effects on water resources. There is an increasing need to ensure the appropriate inclusion of the bioenergy crops in global hydrological models. Here, through parameter calibration and algorithm improvement, we enhanced the global hydrological model H08 to simulate the bioenergy yield from two dedicated herbaceous bioenergy crops: Miscanthus and switchgrass. Site-specific evaluations showed that the enhanced model had the ability to simulate yield for both Miscanthus and switchgrass, with the calibrated yields being well within the ranges of the observed yield. Independent country-specific evaluations further confirmed the performance of the H08 (v.bio1). Using this improved model, we found that unconstrained irrigation more than doubled the yield under rainfed condition, but reduced the water use efficiency (WUE) by 32 % globally. With irrigation, the yield in dry climate zones can exceed the rainfed yields in tropical climate zones. Nevertheless, due to the low water consumption in tropical areas, the highest WUE was found in tropical climate zones, regardless of whether the crop was irrigated. Our enhanced model provides a new tool for the future assessment of bioenergy–water tradeoffs.
On the large time behavior of the solutions of a nonlocal ordinary differential equation with mass conservation
Creators: name: Hilhorst, Danielle
name: Matano, Hiroshi
name: Nguyen, Thanh Nam
name: Weber, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider an initial value problem for a nonlocal differential equation with a bistable nonlinearity in several space dimensions. The equation is an ordinary differential equation with respect to the time variable t, while the nonlocal term is expressed in terms of spatial integration. We discuss the large time behavior of solutions and prove, among other things, the convergence to steady-states. The proof that the solution orbits are relatively compact is based upon the rearrangement theory.
Multiwavelength Analysis of a Nearby Heavily Obscured AGN in NGC 449
Creators: name: Guo, Xiaotong
name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Xu, Jun
name: Fang, Guanwen
name: Ge, Xue
name: Chen, Yongyun
name: Yu, Xiaoling
name: Ding, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We presented the multiwavelength analysis of a heavily obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN) in NGC 449. We first constructed a broadband X-ray spectrum using the latest NuSTAR and XMM-Newton data. Its column density ($\simeq 10^{24} \rm{cm}^{-2}$) and photon index ($Γ\simeq 2.4$) were reliably obtained by analyzing the broadband X-ray spectrum. However, the scattering fraction and the intrinsic X-ray luminosity could not be well constrained. Combined with the information obtained from the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectrum and spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, we derived its intrinsic X-ray luminosity ($\simeq 8.54\times 10^{42} \ \rm{erg\ s}^{-1}$) and scattering fraction ($f_{\rm{scat}}\simeq 0.26\%$). In addition, we also derived the following results: (1). The mass accretion rate of central AGN is about $2.54 \times 10^{-2} \rm{M}_\odot\ \rm{yr}^{-1}$, and the Eddington ratio is $8.39\times 10^{-2}$; (2). The torus of this AGN has a high gas-to-dust ratio ($N_{\rm H}/A_{\rm V}=8.40\times 10^{22}\ \rm{cm}^{-2}\ \rm{mag}^{-1}$); (3). The host galaxy and the central AGN are both in the early stage of co-evolution.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, Accepted to PASP
Liberia's Electrification Targets 2030 - A GEP-OnSSET Perspective on the Electricity Sector
Creators: name: Kambo Jr Theophilus A T
name: Korkovelos Alexandros
name: Sahlberg Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geospatial Least Cost Electrification Planning, Theophilus A T Kambo Jr

description: This presentation constitutes the outcome of a three-week capacity-building activity on GEP-OnSSET as part of the 2023 ICTP workshop. The authors collected input data, set parameters, calibrated the model, and run electrification investment scenarios for Liberia in order to explore pathways leading to the achievement of electrification targets. The results of this analysis are not conclusive, but rather the output of experimentation with the model and thus only indicative. You may contact the author(s) for more information and/or questions about the methodology, limitations, and follow-up activities of this study. Version V.1.0 Keywords : Least Cost Electrification Planning, Liberia, OnSETT, Energy Liberia, GEP, OnSSET
Structured purpose: Implementing Python in Purposive Sample Selection for Evaluation Interviews
Creators: name: Carr, Tara
name: Lucas, Valerie A.
name: Dave, Gaurav
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: We demonstrated implementation of Python-based programming to select participants for qualitative evaluation. We used a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded multi-site COVID-19 testing program, Rapid Diagnostics for Underserved Populations Program, as our case example. During Phase I, the NIH funded 69 projects, each with known characteristics like underserved focus population(s). Using Python coding, we selected nine sites.  

We established preliminary conditions for the sample based on key populations. We iteratively applied additional conditions based on site target sample, study design, and geography. For each condition, Python checked every potential sample set against the condition, removed incompatible sets, then added another condition until a single set of sites to interview emerged. The code maximized sample diversity and prioritized projects addressing multiple populations concurrently.  

Full implementation of code takes about thirty minutes on an ordinary laptop computer. We explain the generation of the code and make it available in Carolina Digital Repository.
The Zero Emissions Commitment Model Intercomparison Project (ZECMIP) contribution to C4MIP: Quantifying committed climate changes following zero carbon emissions
Creators: name: Jones, Chris D.
name: Frölicher, Thomas L.
name: Koven, Charles
name: MacDougall, Andrew H.
name: Matthews, H. Damon
name: Zickfeld, Kirsten
name: Rogelj, Joeri
name: Tokarska, Katarzyna B.
name: Gillett, Nathan P.
name: Ilyina, Tatiana
name: Meinshausen, Malte
name: Mengis, Nadine
name: Séférian, Roland
name: Eby, Michael
name: Burger, Friedrich A.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: carbon dioxide
subject: carbon emission
subject: climate change
subject: CMIP
subject: 910

description: The amount of additional future temperature change following a complete cessation of CO2 emissions is a measure of the unrealized warming to which we are committed due to CO2 already emitted to the atmosphere. This “zero emissions commitment” (ZEC) is also an important quantity when estimating the remaining carbon budget – a limit on the total amount of CO2 emissions consistent with limiting global mean temperature at a particular level. In the recent IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 ∘C, the carbon budget framework used to calculate the remaining carbon budget for 1.5 ∘C included the assumption that the ZEC due to CO2 emissions is negligible and close to zero. Previous research has shown significant uncertainty even in the sign of the ZEC. To close this knowledge gap, we propose the Zero Emissions Commitment Model Intercomparison Project (ZECMIP), which will quantify the amount of unrealized temperature change that occurs after CO2 emissions cease and investigate the geophysical drivers behind this climate response. Quantitative information on ZEC is a key gap in our knowledge, and one that will not be addressed by currently planned CMIP6 simulations, yet it is crucial for verifying whether carbon budgets need to be adjusted to account for any unrealized temperature change resulting from past CO2 emissions. We request only one top-priority simulation from comprehensive general circulation Earth system models (ESMs) and Earth system models of intermediate complexity (EMICs) – a branch from the 1 % CO2 run with CO2 emissions set to zero at the point of 1000 PgC of total CO2 emissions in the simulation – with the possibility for additional simulations, if resources allow. ZECMIP is part of CMIP6, under joint sponsorship by C4MIP and CDRMIP, with associated experiment names to enable data submissions to the Earth System Grid Federation. All data will be published and made freely available.
Time-warped growth processes, with applications to the modeling of boom-bust cycles in house prices
Creators: name: Peng, Jie
name: Paul, Debashis
name: Müller, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: House price increases have been steady over much of the last 40 years, but there have been occasional declines, most notably in the recent housing bust that started around 2007, on the heels of the preceding housing bubble. We introduce a novel growth model that is motivated by time-warping models in functional data analysis and includes a nonmonotone time-warping component that allows the inclusion and description of boom-bust cycles and facilitates insights into the dynamics of asset bubbles. The underlying idea is to model longitudinal growth trajectories for house prices and other phenomena, where temporal setbacks and deflation may be encountered, by decomposing such trajectories into two components. A first component corresponds to underlying steady growth driven by inflation that anchors the observed trajectories on a simple first order linear differential equation, while a second boom-bust component is implemented as time warping. Time warping is a commonly encountered phenomenon and reflects random variation along the time axis. Our approach to time warping is more general than previous approaches by admitting the inclusion of nonmonotone warping functions. The anchoring of the trajectories on an underlying linear dynamic system also makes the time-warping component identifiable and enables straightforward estimation procedures for all model components. The application to the dynamics of housing prices as observed for 19 metropolitan areas in the U.S. from December 1998 to July 2013 reveals that the time setbacks corresponding to nonmonotone time warping vary substantially across markets and we find indications that they are related to market-specific growth rates.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS740 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 13 of A meta systematic review of artificial intelligence in higher education: a call for increased ethics, collaboration, and rigour
Creators: name: Bond, Melissa
name: Khosravi, Hassan
name: De Laat, Maarten
name: Bergdahl, Nina
name: Negrea, Violeta
name: Oxley, Emily
name: Pham, Phuong
name: Chong, Sin Wang
name: Siemens, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 13: Appendix M. Research Gaps.
Stochastic earthquake source model: the omega-square hypothesis and the directivity effect
Creators: name: Molchan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently A. Gusev suggested and numerically investigated the doubly stochastic earthquake source model. The model is supposed to demonstrate the following features in the far-field body waves: 1) the omega-square high-frequency (HF) behavior of displacement spectra; 2) lack of the directivity effect in HF radiation; and 3) a stochastic nature of the HF signal component. The model involves two stochastic elements: the local stress drop (SD) on a fault and the rupture time function (RT) with a linear dominant component. The goal of the present study is to investigate the Gusev model theoretically and to find conditions for (1, 2) to be valid and stable relative to receiver site. The models with smooth elements SD, RT are insufficient for these purposes. Therefore SD and RT are treated as realizations of stochastic fields of the fractal type. The local smoothness of such fields is characterized by the fractional (Hurst) exponent H, 0 < H < 1. This allows us to consider a wide class of stochastic functions without regard to their global spectral properties. We show that the omega-square behavior of the model is achieved approximately if the rupture time function is almost regular (H~1) while the stress drop is rough function of any index H. However, if the rupture front is linear, the local stress drop has to be function of minimal smoothness (H~0). The situation with the directivity effect is more complicated: for different RT models with the same fractal index, the effect may or may not occur. The nature of the phenomenon is purely analytical. The main controlling factor for the directivity is the degree of smoothness of the two dimensional distributions of RT random function. For this reason the directivity effect is unstable. This means that in practice the opposite conclusions relative to the statistical significance of the directivity effect are possible
description: 42 pages,2 figures
Magnetic polarization of the americium $J = 0$ ground state in AmFe$_{2}$
Creators: name: Magnani, N.
name: Caciuffo, R.
name: Wilhelm, F.
name: Colineau, E.
name: Eloirdi, R.
name: Griveau, J. -C.
name: Rusz, J.
name: Oppeneer, P. M.
name: Rogalev, A.
name: Lander, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trivalent americium has a non-magnetic ($J$ = 0) ground state arising from the cancelation of the orbital and spin moments. However, magnetism can be induced by a large molecular field if Am$^{3+}$ is embedded in a ferromagnetic matrix. Using the technique of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, we show that this is the case in AmFe$_2$. Since $\langle J_z \rangle$ = 0, the spin component is exactly twice as large as the orbital one, the total Am moment is opposite to that of Fe, and the magnetic dipole operator $\langle T_{z} \rangle$ can be determined directly; we discuss the progression of the latter across the actinide series.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures to be published in Physical Review Letters (2015)
Tunable virtual gain in resonantly absorbing media
Creators: name: Novitsky, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Virtual gain refers to the simulation of real light amplification using radiation with exponentially decaying amplitude, so that its complex frequency corresponds to the scattering pole. We theoretically study virtual gain in a two-level resonant medium for different regimes of light-matter interaction depending on the radiation intensity. We show that virtual gain at the pole can be most clearly observed for low intensities, when the medium is absorbing, in contrast to the saturated medium at high intensities. The efficiency of virtual gain can be tuned with the light intensity and can be controlled dynamically through the population inversion of the medium. Our results show that resonantly absorbing media paradoxically mimics gain-like response, which admit a number of related phenomena and methods to mold both optical signals and material properties without relying on instability-prone gain media.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Joint Ranging and Clock Parameter Estimation by Wireless Round Trip Time Measurements
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Satyam
name: De Angelis, Alessio
name: Zachariah, Dave
name: Händel, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we develop a new technique for estimating fine clock errors and range between two nodes simultaneously by two-way time-of-arrival measurements us- ing impulse-radio ultra-wideband signals. Estimators for clock parameters and the range are proposed that are robust with respect to outliers. They are analyzed numerically and by means of experimental measurement campaigns. The technique and derived estimators achieve accuracies below 1Hz for frequency estimation, below 1 ns for phase estimation and 20 cm for range estimation, at 4m distance using 100MHz clocks at both nodes. Therefore, we show that the proposed joint approach is practical and can simultaneously provide clock synchronization and positioning in an experimental system.
description: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (Accepted)
Dynamic interplay of biogeochemical C, S and Ba cycles in response to the Shuram oxygenation event
Creators: name: Liu, X.-M.
name: Kaufman, A.J.
name: Cao, M.
name: Zhou, C.
name: Guan, C.
name: Wang, W.
name: Crockford, P.
name: Loyd, S.
name: Goderis, S.
name: Zhu, M.
name: Cui, H.
name: Xiao, S.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022

description: Compared with Phanerozoic strata, sulfate minerals are relatively rare in the Precambrian record; this is probably due to the lower concentrations of sulfate in dominantly anoxic oceans. Here, we present a compilation of sulfate minerals that are stratigraphically associated with the Ediacaran Shuram excursion (SE) – the largest negative δ13C excursion in Earth history. We evaluated 15 SE sections, all of which reveal the presence of sulfate minerals and/or enriched carbonate-associated sulfate concentrations, suggesting a rise in the sulfate reservoir. Notably, where data are available, the SE also reveals considerable enrichments in [Ba] relative to pre-and post-SE intervals. We propose that elevated seawater sulfate concentrations during the SE may have facilitated authigenesis of sulfate minerals. At the same time, the rise in Ba concentrations in shelf environments further facilitated barite deposition. A larger sulfate reservoir would stimulate microbial sulfate reduction and anaerobic oxidation of organic matter (including methane), contributing to the genesis of the SE. The existence of sulfate minerals throughout the SE suggests that oxidant pools were not depleted at that time, which challenges previous modelling results. Our study highlights the dynamic interplay of biogeochemical C, S and Ba cycles in response to the Shuram oxygenation event.
The role of history and strength of the oceanic forcing in sea level projections from Antarctica with the Parallel Ice Sheet Model
Creators: name: Reese, Ronja
name: Levermann, Anders
name: Albrecht, Torsten
name: Seroussi, Hélène
name: Winkelmann, Ricarda
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CMIP
subject: dynamic response
subject: floating ice
subject: hindcasting
subject: ice sheet
subject: 910

description: Mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet constitutes the largest uncertainty in projections of future sea level rise. Ocean-driven melting underneath the floating ice shelves and subsequent acceleration of the inland ice streams are the major reasons for currently observed mass loss from Antarctica and are expected to become more important in the future. Here we show that for projections of future mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet, it is essential (1) to better constrain the sensitivity of sub-shelf melt rates to ocean warming and (2) to include the historic trajectory of the ice sheet. In particular, we find that while the ice sheet response in simulations using the Parallel Ice Sheet Model is comparable to the median response of models in three Antarctic Ice Sheet Intercomparison projects – initMIP, LARMIP-2 and ISMIP6 – conducted with a range of ice sheet models, the projected 21st century sea level contribution differs significantly depending on these two factors. For the highest emission scenario RCP8.5, this leads to projected ice loss ranging from 1.4 to 4.0 cm of sea level equivalent in simulations in which ISMIP6 ocean forcing drives the PICO ocean box model where parameter tuning leads to a comparably low sub-shelf melt sensitivity and in which no surface forcing is applied. This is opposed to a likely range of 9.1 to 35.8 cm using the exact same initial setup, but emulated from the LARMIP-2 experiments with a higher melt sensitivity, even though both projects use forcing from climate models and melt rates are calibrated with previous oceanographic studies. Furthermore, using two initial states, one with a previous historic simulation from 1850 to 2014 and one starting from a steady state, we show that while differences between the ice sheet configurations in 2015 seem marginal at first sight, the historic simulation increases the susceptibility of the ice sheet to ocean warming, thereby increasing mass loss from 2015 to 2100 by 5 % to 50 %. Hindcasting past ice sheet changes with numerical models would thus provide valuable tools to better constrain projections. Our results emphasize that the uncertainty that arises from the forcing is of the same order of magnitude as the ice dynamic response for future sea level projections.
Modelling of energy demand for e-vehicles adoption in the transport sector using MEAD: In the context of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tessema, Tegen Dagnew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: MEAD, Energy Demand Modeling, Transport Sector of Ethiopia, E-Vehicles

description: This work aims to investigate the impact of adopting e-vehicles/cars in the transport energy systems of Ethiopia using MEAD on the final energy demand. With this model, the BAU scenario was investigated based on the policy document of the country with an assumption that the government could remain to use petroleum motor fuels for the next 30 years using 2020 as a base year for projecting the model years. On the other hand, with the adoption of e-vehicles by 20% penetration level up to 2050. Here in ,the energy demand modeling were carried out in the transport sector of Ethiopia .we can realize that there is an increase in energy demand by 10% (average)when we switch the e-vehicles by 60% by the next 2050 as compared to the BAU scenario. ● Moreover,the energy demand share of by the mobility activity by bus and car takes a huge share of (48%) as compared to freight and international transport.
Quantitative determination of minimum spanning tree structures: Using the pulsar tree for analyzing the appearance of new classes of pulsars
Creators: name: García, C. R.
name: Torres, Diego F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we introduce a quantitative methodology to define what is the main trunk and what are the significant branches of a minimum spanning tree (MST). We apply it to the pulsar tree, i.e. the MST of the pulsar population constructed upon a Euclidean distance over the pulsar's intrinsic properties. Our method makes use of the betweenness centrality estimator, as well as of non-parametric tests to establish the distinct character of the defined branches. Armed with these concepts, we study how the pulsar population has evolved throughout history, and analyze how to judge whether a new class of pulsars appears in new data, future surveys, or new incarnations of pulsar catalogs.
description: An updated app of the web application we develop for visualizing the pulsar tree can be found at http://www.pulsartree.ice.csic.es
Open letter to Richard Horton (editor of The Lancet) regarding X:BOT Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: We write to express concerns regarding the statistical analysis in the X:BOT study published by Lee et al. (2018), and to request that The Lancet correct misstatements about overdose risk with extended-release naltrexone arising from a data error in the original article. Reanalysis of public trial data from NIH shows that the authors of the 2018 publication failed to include multiple overdoses in their comparison of buprenorphine and naltrexone for opioid dependence. This error resulted in the erroneous conclusion that buprenorphine and naltrexone have no difference in overdose risk: The overdose risk among subjects in the naltrexone arm was in fact 2.4 times higher than buprenorphine. The Lancet was notified in February 2022 of this data error but as of October the journal has not issued a Notice of Concern or retraction of the original article.
Multiple Populations in Low-mass Globular Clusters: Eridanus
Creators: name: Wang, Yue
name: Tang, Baitian
name: Li, Chengyuan
name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Muñoz, Ricardo R.
name: Fernández-Trincado, José G.
name: Geisler, Doug
name: Fang, Yuanqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple populations (MPs), characterized by variations in light elemental abundances, have been found in stellar clusters in the Milky Way, Magellanic Clouds, as well as several other dwarf galaxies. Based on a large amount of observations, mass has been suggested to be a key parameter affecting the presence and appearance of MPs in stellar clusters. To further investigate the existence of MPs in low-mass clusters and explore the mass threshold for MP formation, we carried out a project studying the stellar population composition in several low-mass Galactic globular clusters. Here we present our study on the cluster Eridanus. With blue-UV low-resolution spectra obtained with the OSIRIS/Multi-object spectrograph on the Gran Telescopio Canarias, we computed the spectral indices of CH and CN for the sample giant stars, and derived their carbon and nitrogen abundances using model spectra. A significant dispersion in the initial surface abundance of nitrogen was found in the sample, indicating the existence of MPs in Eridanus. Inspecting the age-initial mass distribution of in-situ clusters with MPs, we find a slight trend that initial mass increases with increasing age, and the lowest initial mass of log Minitial ~4.98 and 5.26 are found at the young and old end, respectively, which might provide a rough reference for the mass threshold for clusters to form MPs. However, more observations of clusters with low initial masses are still necessary before any firm conclusion can be drawn.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, accepted by ApJ
Assessing the impact of implementing solar water heating technologies in tanning sector in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Liyew, Kassa Wudineh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Input-Output analysis, MARIO, Tanning Sector, Ethiopia

description: The penetration of solar water heating technologies use in the tanning sector has promising contribution towards reducing the greenhouse gas emission. The total cost of the proposed energy system increases as we go for 100% market share of solar process heating. Obviously, this issue will be more series as the suitability of the technology matters. However, the abatement cost for 100% market share is the second least cost.
VTSCat: The VERITAS Catalog of Gamma-Ray Observations
Creators: name: Acharyya, A.
name: Adams, C. B.
name: Archer, A.
name: Bangale, P.
name: Bartkoske, J. T.
name: Batista, P.
name: Benbow, W.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Brill, A.
name: Capasso, M.
name: Christiansen, J. L.
name: Chromey, A. J.
name: Daniel, M. K.
name: Errando, M.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Farrell, K. A
name: Feng, Q.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Foote, G. M
name: Fortson, L.
name: Furniss, A.
name: Gallagher, G.
name: Gent, A.
name: Giuri, C.
name: Gueta, O.
name: Hanlon, W. F
name: Hanna, D.
name: Hassan, T.
name: Hervet, O.
name: Hoang, J.
name: Holder, J.
name: Hughes, G.
name: Humensky, T. B.
name: Jin, W.
name: Kaaret, P.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Kieda, D.
name: Kleiner, T. K.
name: Korzoun, N.
name: Krennrich, F.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: Lundy, M.
name: Maier, G.
name: McGrath, C. E
name: Millard, M. J
name: Mooney, C. L.
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Nieto, D.
name: Nievas-Rosillo, M.
name: O'Brien, S.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Otte, A. N.
name: Pandel, D.
name: Park, N.
name: Patel, S. R.
name: Patel, S.
name: Pfrang, K.
name: Pichel, A.
name: Pohl, M.
name: Prado, R. R.
name: Pueschel, E.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Ragan, K.
name: Reynolds, P. T.
name: Ribeiro, D.
name: Richards, G. T.
name: Roache, E.
name: Rovero, A. C.
name: Rulten, C.
name: Ryan, J. L.
name: Sadeh, I.
name: Santander, M.
name: Schlenstedt, S.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Shang, R.
name: Splettstoesser, M.
name: Stevenson, B.
name: Tak, D.
name: Vassiliev, V. V.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Weinstein, A.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Williamson, T. J
name: Angelini, L.
name: Basu-Zych, A.
name: Sabol, E.
name: Smale, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-based gamma-ray observatory VERITAS (Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System) is sensitive to photons of astrophysical origin with energies in the range between $\approx 85$ GeV to $\approx 30$ TeV. The instrument consists of four 12-m diameter imaging Cherenkov telescopes operating at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory (FLWO) in southern Arizona. VERITAS started four-telescope operations in 2007 and collects about 1100 hours of good-weather data per year. The VERITAS collaboration has published over 100 journal articles since 2008 reporting on gamma-ray observations of a large variety of objects: Galactic sources like supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebulae, and binary systems; extragalactic sources like star forming galaxies, dwarf-spheroidal galaxies, and highly-variable active galactic nuclei. This note presents VTSCat: the catalog of high-level data products from all VERITAS publications.
description: Version with corrected author list
Elimination of influence of neutron-skin size difference of initial colliding nuclei in Pb+Pb collisions
Creators: name: Wei, Gao-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within an isospin- and momentum-dependent transport model using as an input nucleon density profiles from Hartree-Fock calculations based on a modified Skyrme-like (MSL) model, we study how to eliminate the influence of neutron-skin size difference of initial colliding nuclei in probing the nuclear symmetry energy. Within the current experimental uncertainty range of neutron-skin size of $^{208}$Pb, the Pb+Pb collisions are performed in semicentral and peripheral collisions with impact parameters of 5 and 9fm and at beam energies from 50 MeV/nucleon to 1000 MeV/nucleon, respectively. It is shown that combination of neutron and proton collective flows, i.e., neutron-proton differential elliptic flow, neutron-proton elliptic flow difference, neutron-proton differential transverse flow and neutron-proton transverse flow difference, can effectively eliminate the effects of neutron-skin size difference and thus can be as useful sensitive observables in probing nuclear matter symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions. Moreover, the combined neutron-proton stopping power including the neutron-proton differential stopping power and neutron-proton stopping power difference can also eliminate the effects of neutron-skin size difference and shows some sensitivities to symmetry energy especially at the lower beam energy.
description: Accepted for publication by Physical Review C
The mutual dependence of negative emission technologies and energy systems
Creators: name: Creutzig, Felix
name: Breyer, Christian
name: Hilaire, Jérôme
name: Minx, Jan
name: Peters, Glen P.
name: Socolow, Robert
Publisher: name: Cambridge : RSC Publ.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Carbon capture
subject: Carbon dioxide
subject: Fossil fuels
subject: Global warming
subject: Land use
subject: 690

description: While a rapid decommissioning of fossil fuel technologies deserves priority, most climate stabilization scenarios suggest that negative emission technologies (NETs) are required to keep global warming well below 2 °C. Yet, current discussions on NETs are lacking a distinct energy perspective. Prominent NETs, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS), will integrate differently into the future energy system, requiring a concerted research effort to determine adequate means of deployment. In this perspective, we discuss the importance of energy per carbon metrics, factors of future cost development, and the dynamic response of NETs in intermittent energy systems. The energy implications of NETs deployed at scale are massive, and NETs may conceivably impact future energy systems substantially. DACCS outperform BECCS in terms of primary energy required per ton of carbon sequestered. For different assumptions, DACCS displays a sequestration efficiency of 75–100%, whereas BECCS displays a sequestration efficiency of 50–90% or less if indirect land use change is included. Carbon dioxide removal costs of DACCS are considerably higher than BECCS, but if DACCS modularity and granularity helps to foster technological learning to <100$ per tCO2, DACCS may remove CO2 at gigaton scale. DACCS also requires two magnitudes less land than BECCS. Designing NET systems that match intermittent renewable energies will be key for stringent climate change mitigation. Our results contribute to an emerging understanding of NETs that is notably different to that derived from scenario modelling.
Spin-base invariance of Fermions in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Lippoldt, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of spin-base invariance is extended to arbitrary integer dimension $d \geq 2$. Explicit formulas for the spin connection as a function of the Dirac matrices are found. We disclose the hidden spin-base invariance of the vielbein formalism and give a detailed motivation for this symmetry from first principles. The common Lorentz symmetric gauge for the vielbein is constructed for the Dirac matrices, even for metrics which are not linearly connected. Under certain criteria, it constitutes the simplest possible gauge, demonstrating why this gauge is so useful.
description: 26 pages
Silver Horn’s Winter Count: An Archival Record of Indigenous Time Featured in a Smithsonian Exhibition
Creators: name: Marsh, Diana E.
name: Greene, Candace
name: Myers, Elena
Publisher: name: Smithsonian Collections Blog
Year: 2020
Subjects: archives
anthropology
Silver Horn
Smithsonian
natural history
Indigenous
artwork
winter counts
history

description: Documenting Diversity: How Anthropologists Record Human Life is an exhibit showcasing the history of anthropological fieldwork through rare archival and print materials from the National Anthropological Archives and the Smithsonian Libraries. The show traces the progress of technologies used to record human life, from paper to film to today’s digital media. The exhibit also grapples with the limits of such documents. Some ethnographic “data” resist documentation. It may be hard to record, or Indigenous community members may not choose to share it (especially with white anthropologists collecting it). But a rare document in the exhibition is an exquisite piece in the hand of master illustrator Silver Horn, or Haungooah. Silver Horn was a Kiowa artist distinguished for his prolific career and intricate drawing style.
Additional file 7 of A meta systematic review of artificial intelligence in higher education: a call for increased ethics, collaboration, and rigour
Creators: name: Bond, Melissa
name: Khosravi, Hassan
name: De Laat, Maarten
name: Bergdahl, Nina
name: Negrea, Violeta
name: Oxley, Emily
name: Pham, Phuong
name: Chong, Sin Wang
name: Siemens, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: Appendix G. Geographical distribution of authors.
Dissolution and precipitation of copper-rich phases during heating and cooling of precipitation-hardening steel X5CrNiCuNb16-4 (17-4 PH)
Creators: name: Rowolt, Christian
name: Milkereit, Benjamin
name: Springer, Armin
name: Kreyenschulte, Carsten
name: Kessler, Olaf
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Age hardening
subject: Copper
subject: Differential scanning calorimetry
subject: Dilatometers
subject: Dissolution
subject: 670

description: Continuous heating transformation (CHT) diagrams and continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of precipitation-hardening steels have the drawback that important information on the dissolution and precipitation of Cu-rich phases during continuous heating and cooling are missing. This work uses a comparison of different techniques, namely dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry for the in situ analysis of the so far neglected dissolution and precipitation of Cu-rich phases during continuous heating and cooling to overcome these drawbacks. Compared to dilatometry, DSC is much more sensitive to phase transformation affecting small volume fractions, like precipitation. Thus, the important solvus temperature for the dissolution of Cu-rich phases was revealed from DSC and integrated into the CHT diagram. Moreover, DSC reveals that during continuous cooling from solution treatment, premature Cu-rich phases may form depending on cooling rate. Those quench-induced precipitates were analysed for a broad range of cooling rates and imaged for microstructural analysis using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This information substantially improves the CCT diagram.
Higher order first integrals of autonomous non-Riemannian dynamical systems
Creators: name: Mitsopoulos, Antonios
name: Tsamparlis, Michael
name: Ukpong, Aniekan Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider autonomous holonomic dynamical systems defined by equations of the form $\ddot{q}^{a}=-Γ_{bc}^{a}(q) \dot{q}^{b}\dot{q}^{c}$ $-Q^{a}(q)$, where $Γ^{a}_{bc}(q)$ are the coefficients of a symmetric (possibly non-metrical) connection and $-Q^{a}(q)$ are the generalized forces. We prove a theorem which for these systems determines autonomous and time-dependent first integrals (FIs) of any order in a systematic way, using the `symmetries' of the geometry defined by the dynamical equations. We demonstrate the application of the theorem to compute linear, quadratic, and cubic FIs of various Riemannian and non-Riemannian dynamical systems.
description: 21 pages
Optimising Travel Routes for Tour Bus Operator
Creators: name: Awil, Alessandra
name: Feng, Ryan Raidley Yiap Chang
name: Ng, Zi Hwee
name: Loong, Denzel Low E
name: Tan, Zining
name: Guo, Huaqun
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 469999
subject: Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This project report delves into optimizing tour routes for bus operators serving diverse destinations using heuristics and algorithms. The primary aim is to enhance tourist transportation while optimizing tour bus routes through varied algorithms and heuristics. The study employs the Nearest Neighbour, Nearest Insertion, and Christofides algorithms, along with 2-opt enhancements, for comprehensive analysis and simulations. To further streamline route optimization, K-means clustering is strategically integrated. This approach groups nearby locations, enabling operators to visit a single representative site within each cluster. Passengers can conveniently access adjacent locations on foot from these cluster points. This technique significantly reduces computational complexity, especially when handling numerous locations, thus effectively reducing runtime. Through extensive experimentation involving clustered, dispersed, and varying destination scenarios, the study captures execution times and overall route durations, subjecting them to comparative assessment. This analysis showcases algorithm strengths and limitations under diverse conditions. In summary, this research advances tour route optimization and introduces efficient clustering strategies, offering operators a robust framework for informed decision-making. It empowers operators to create seamless, enjoyable travel experiences while minimizing computational burdens.
Possibility of anapole state in dielectric nanohole array metasurfaces with different hole shapes
Creators: name: Panov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical anapole resonances in nanostructures display strong field confinement and substantially suppressed scattering. In this study using three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations, it is shown that high refractive index dielectric nanohole array metasurfaces having different profiles of the holes can possess the anapole state. The multipole decomposition including the dipole electric toroidal moment for the lattice elements of the arrays is provided. The anapole state in the lattice elements is illustrated by time-averaged distributions of the energy. As a result, high-index freestanding metasurfaces with anapole state can be designed.
description: 3 journal pages
Assessing the impact of implementing solar water heating technologies in tanning sector in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Liyew, Kassa Wudineh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Input-output analysis, MARIO, Tanning sector, Ethiopia

description: The penetration of solar water heating technologies use in the tanning sector has promising contribution towards reducing the greenhouse gas emission. The total cost of the proposed energy system increases as we go for 100% market share of solar process heating. Obviously, this issue will be more series as the suitability of the technology matters. However, the abatement cost for 100% market share is the second least cost.
Low-melting manganese(II)-based ionic liquids: Syntheses, structures, properties and influence of trace impurities
Creators: name: Peppel, Tim
name: Geppert-Rybczyńska, Monika
name: Neise, Christin
name: Kragl, Udo
name: Köckerling, Martin
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Ionic liquid
subject: Manganese
subject: Physical properties
subject: Trace impurities
subject: 600

description: The synthesis of more than 10 new magnetic ionic liquids with [MnX4]2− anions, X = Cl, NCS, NCO, is presented. Detailed structural information through single-crystal X-ray diffraction is given for (DMDIm)[Mn(NCS)4], (BnEt3N)2[Mn(NCS)4], and {(Ph3P)2N}2[Mn(NCO4)]·0.6H2O, respectively. All compounds consist of discrete anions and cations with tetrahedrally coordinated Mn(II) atoms. They show paramagnetic behavior as expected for spin-only systems. Melting points are found for several systems below 100 °C classifying them as ionic liquids. Thermal properties are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The physicochemical properties of density, dynamic viscosity, electrolytic conductivity, and surface tension were measured temperature-dependent of selected samples. These properties are discussed in comparison to similar Co containing systems. An increasing amount of bromide impurity is found to affect the surface tension only up to 3.3%.
Phosphorylation Status Affects Preferential Binding in Protein Quality Control Mechanism
Creators: name: Colleen McCann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Interactions between heat shock proteins, such as heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and co-chaperones, such as CHIP or HOP, determine protein fate for protein quality control. The interactions, however, are influenced by HSP70 phosphorylation status but this is not well understood. In this study, the binding preferences of wild-type HSP70 (WT70), non-phosphorylated HSP70 (70A), and phosphorylated HSP70 (70D) to different versions of the CHIP protein were explored through a co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiment. The co-IP revealed that a mutant form of CHIP, G132S, was expressed less than other forms of CHIP and HSP70, despite the same amount of DNA added to the cells. This difference in expression may affect the binding preference between HSP70 and CHIP versus HOP. Additionally, the effect of HSP70 phosphorylation status on proliferation of U2OS cancer cells was also studied. This experiment indicated that U2OS cell proliferation changes when phosphorylation status of HSP70 changes. Together, these experiments give more knowledge on how the phosphorylation status of HSP70 would affect protein quality control and proliferation in cancer cells.
Measurement of the $D^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e$ differential decay branching fraction as a function of $q^2$ and study of form factor parameterizations
Creators: name: Lees, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a sample of 500 million $e^+e^- \to c\bar c$ events recorded by the BaBar detector at c.m. energies of close to 10.6 GeV, we report on a study of the decay $D^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e$. We measure the ratio of branching fractions $R_D = {\cal B}(D^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e)/{\cal B}(D^0 \to K^- π^+) = 0.0713 \pm 0.0017_{stat.} \pm 0.0024_{syst.}$, and use the present world average for ${\cal B}(D^0 \to K^- π^+)$ to obtain ${\cal B}(D^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e) = (2.770 \pm 0.068_{\rm stat.} \pm 0.092_{\rm syst.} \pm 0.037_{\rm ext.})\times 10^{-3}$ where the third error accounts for the uncertainty on the branching fraction for the reference channel. The measured dependence of the differential branching fraction on $q^2$, the four-momentum transfer squared between the $D$ and the $π$ meson, is compared to various theoretical predictions for the hadronic form factor, $f_{+,D}^π(q^2)$, and the normalization $|V_{cd}| \times f_{+,D}^π(q^2=0)=0.1374\pm0.0038_{\rm stat.} \pm0.0022_{\rm syst.} \pm0.0009_{\rm ext.}$ is extracted from a fit to data. Using the most recent LQCD prediction of $f_{+,D}^π(q^2=0)=0.666 \pm 0.029$, we obtain $|V_{cd}|=0.206 \pm 0.007_{\rm exp.} \pm 0.009_{\rm LQCD}$. Assuming instead, $|V_{cd}|=|V_{us}|=0.2252 \pm 0.0009$, we obtain $f_{+,D}^π(q^2=0)=0.610 \pm 0.020_{\rm exp.} \pm 0.005_{\rm ext.}$. The $q^2$ dependence of $f_{+,D}^π(q^2)$ is compared to a variety of multi-pole parameterizations. This information is applied to $B^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e$ decays and, combined with an earlier $B^0 \to π^- e^+ ν_e$ measurement by BaBar, is used to derive estimates of $|V_{ub}|$.
description: 28 pages, 15 postscript figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.D