cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Problems in Black Hole Entropy interpretation
Creators: name: Liberati, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work some proposals for black hole entropy interpretation are exposed and investigated. In particular I will firstly consider the so called ``entanglement entropy" interpretation, in the framework of the brick wall model, and the divergence problem arising in the one loop calculations of various thermodynamical quantities, like entropy, internal energy and heat capacity. It is shown that the assumption of equality of entanglement entropy and Bekenstein-Hawking one appears to give inconsistent results. These will be a starting point for a different interpretation of black hole entropy based on peculiar topological structures of manifolds with ``intrinsic" thermodynamical features. It is possible to show an exact relation between black hole gravitational entropy (tree level contribution in path integral approach) and topology of these Euclidean space-times. The expression for the Euler characteristic, through the Gauss-Bonnet integral, and the one for entropy for gravitational instantons are proposed in a form which makes the relation between these self evident. Using this relations I shall propose a generalization of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy in which the former and Euler characteristic are related in the equation: $S=χA/8$. The results, quoted above, are more largely exposed in previous works. Finally I'll try to expose some conclusions and hypotheses about possible further development of this research.
description: 26 pages, phyzzx, Talk presented at the ``Fourth Italian-Korean meeting on Relativistic Astrophysics''
Yet Another Tensor Toolbox for discontinuous Galerkin methods and other applications
Creators: name: Uphoff, Carsten
name: Bader, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The numerical solution of partial differential equations is at the heart of many grand challenges in supercomputing. Solvers based on high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretisation have been shown to scale on large supercomputers with excellent performance and efficiency, if the implementation exploits all levels of parallelism and is tailored to the specific architecture. However, every year new supercomputers emerge and the list of hardware-specific considerations grows, simultaneously with the list of desired features in a DG code. Thus we believe that a sustainable DG code needs an abstraction layer to implement the numerical scheme in a suitable language. We explore the possibility to abstract the numerical scheme as small tensor operations, describe them in a domain-specific language (DSL) resembling the Einstein notation, and to map them to existing code generators which generate small matrix matrix multiplication routines. The compiler for our DSL implements classic optimisations that are used for large tensor contractions, and we present novel optimisation techniques such as equivalent sparsity patterns and optimal index permutations for temporary tensors. Our application examples, which include the earthquake simulation software SeisSol, show that the generated kernels achieve over 50 % peak performance while the DSL considerably simplifies the implementation.
description: Submitted to ACM TOMS
On the transcendence degree of the differential field generated by Siegel modular forms
Creators: name: Bertrand, Daniel
name: Zudilin, Wadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J89, 11F46 (Primary), 11F27, 14G35 (Secondary)

description: It is a classical fact that the elliptic modular functions satisfies an algebraic differential equation of order 3, and none of lower order. We show how this generalizes to Siegel modular functions of arbitrary degree. The key idea is that the partial differential equations they satisfy are governed by Gauss--Manin connections, whose monodromy groups are well-known. Modular theta functions provide a concrete interpretation of our result, and we study their differential properties in detail in the case of degree 2.
description: 21 pages, AmSTeX, uses picture.sty for 1 LaTeX picture; submitted for publication
Measuring Scientific Brain Drain with Hubs and Authorities: a Dual Perspective
Creators: name: Urbinati, Alessandra
name: Galimberti, Edoardo
name: Ruffo, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study international migrations of researchers, scientists, and academics from a complex-network perspective to identify the central countries involved in the migration phenomenon. We define the scientific migration network (SMN) as temporal directed weighted network where nodes are world countries, links account for the number of scientists moving from one country to another, and timestamps represent years (from 2000 to 2016). 2.8 millions ORCID public profiles are utilized as data source. We then characterize hubs and authorities of the SMN employing the well-know weighted hyperlink-induced topic search (HITS) algorithm to catch the interplay between providing and attracting researchers from a global perspective, and relate these results to other local and global methodologies. We also investigate the local characteristics of successors of hubs and predecessors of authorities to dive deeper into the motivations that establish hubs and authorities as such. Our findings highlight the presence of a set of countries acting both as hubs and authorities, occupying a privileged position in the scientific migration network, and having similar local characteristics. Finally, we showcase how to employ network visualization to evince temporal evolutions of ego-networks of selected hubs and authorities.
description: Paper published on Online Social Networks and Media, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.osnem.2021.100176
Additional file 4 of LINC00022 acts as an oncogene in colorectal cancer progression via sponging miR-375-3p to regulate FOXF1 expression
Creators: name: Xu, Lingling
name: He, Hongmei
name: Shang, Yu
name: Qu, Xiaona
name: Sun, Jinghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary figure S4c. The original blot images of Fig. 4c.
Dynamics of Taylor Rising
Creators: name: Yu, Tian
name: Jiang, Ying
name: Zhou, Jiajia
name: Doi, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of liquid climbing in a narrow and tilting corner, inspired by recent work on liquid transportation on the peristome surface of Nepenthes alata. Considering the balance of gravity, interfacial tension and viscous force, we derive a partial differential equation for the meniscus profile, and numerically study the behavior of the solution for various tilting angle $β$. We show that the liquid height $h(t)$ at time $t$ satisfy the same scaling law found for vertical corner, i.e., $h(t) \propto t^{1/3}$ for large $t$, but the coefficient depends on the tilting angle $β$. The coefficient can be calculated approximately by Onsager principle, and the result agrees well with that obtained by numerical calculation. Our model can be applied for a weakly curved corner and may provide guidance to the design of biomimetic surfaces for liquid transportation.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Langmuir
Supplement Number 1
Creators: name: Loche, Philip
name: Huguenin-Dumittan, Kevin
name: Honarmand, Melika
name: Xu, Qianjun
name: Rumiantsev, Egor
name: How, Wei Bin
name: Langer, Marcel
name: Ceriotti, Michele
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic supporting material for this publi cation include further details on the implementation, different models and datasets, and additional results on benchmarks. The source code torch-pme and jax-pme packages are publicly available at https://github.com/lab-cosmo/torch-pme and https://github.com/lab-cosmo/jax-pme. Some results are compared with the generalized LODE descriptors introduced in previ- ous work by the authors, which have been computed using the featomic (formerly rascaline) package, available at https://github.com/metatensor/featomic.
The modelling of moisture movement in engineered soil covers for mine waste rock dumps
Creators: name: Swanson, D. A.
name: Barbour, S. Lee
name: Wilson, G. Ward
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A two-phased cover instrumentation and modelling research program has been initiated at a waste rock dump site. The first phase of the research program involves field instrumentation and monitoring of the inplace cover. The second phase involves modelling infiltration and evaporation in the cover system using a soil/atmosphere flux model that has been developed at the University of Saskatchewan. The soil/atmosphere model used is a one dimensional, transient, finite element, water and heat transport model that uses a physically based method to predict the exchange of water between the atmosphere and a saturated or an unsaturated soil surface. This paper describes the application of the soil/atmosphere model in predicting the field responses of the in-place cover system at the waste rock dump site.
Relaxation dominated cosmological expansion
Creators: name: Chimento, Luis P.
name: Jakubi, Alejandro S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior near the singularity of an isotropic, homogeneous cosmological model with a viscous fluid source is investigated. This turns out to be a relaxation dominated regime. Full extended irreversible thermodynamics is used, and comparison with results of the truncated theory is made. New singular behaviors are found and it is shown that a relaxation dominated inflationary epoch may exist for fluids with small heat capacity.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX. To be published in Physics Letters A
The local motivic DT/PT correspondence
Creators: name: Davison, Ben
name: Ricolfi, Andrea T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the Quot scheme $Q_L^n = \textrm{Quot}_{\mathbb A^3}(\mathscr I_L,n)$ parameterising length $n$ quotients of the ideal sheaf of a line in $\mathbb{A}^3$ is a global critical locus, and calculate the resulting motivic partition function (varying $n$), in the ring of relative motives over the configuration space of points in $\mathbb{A}^3$. As in the work of Behrend-Bryan-Szendrői this enables us to define a virtual motive for the Quot scheme of $n$ points of the ideal sheaf $\mathscr I_C\subset \mathscr O_Y$, where $C\subset Y$ is a smooth curve embedded in a smooth 3-fold $Y$, and we compute the associated motivic partition function. The result fits into a motivic wall-crossing type formula, refining the relation between Behrend's virtual Euler characteristic of $\textrm{Quot}_Y(\mathscr I_C,n)$ and of the symmetric product $\textrm{Sym}^nC$. Our "relative" analysis leads to results and conjectures regarding the pushforward of the sheaf of vanishing cycles along the Hilbert-Chow map $Q_L^n \rightarrow \textrm{Sym}^n(\mathbb{A}^3)$, and connections with cohomological Hall algebra representations.
description: 49 pages, Final Version
Use of QSWAT to estimate flows in ungauged rivers: a case study in northwestern Spain
Creators: name: Marques Sierra, Antonio Luis
name: Roqueñi, Nieves
name: Loredo, Jorge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 40608 Surfacewater Hydrology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Hydrology

description: The small tributaries that drain the Central Carboniferous Basin of Asturias (Spain) are ungauged, given the scarce entity of their channels. The problem occurs when in the valleys that drain these small rivers are located orphan mines that leach their pollutants into the river. When it comes to estimating the pollutant load transported by these rivers there is the inconvenience of not having flow data. QGIS has a plugin, QSWAT, that allows the hydrological modeling of watersheds, and using this tool it’s possible to estimate in a robust way the flows of the non-gauged rivers. The strategy is the calibration of the model based on a gauging station in the main channel of the basin, and from this calibration extract the flows of the sub-basins of interest. The application of this methodology has allowed estimating the flows of several ungauged basins with the presence of orphan mines, in which there is a control of heavy metals in surface waters. From the flows obtained in QSWAT it has been possible to estimate the pollutant load contributed by each basin to the main channel of the caudal river. The use of QGIS, due to it's free and Open Source, makes it possible to share the results openly with any stakeholder, in contrast to the options that require a payment license.
New Universal Aspects of Diffusion in Strongly Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Robnik, Marko
name: Dobnikar, Jure
name: Rapisarda, Andrea
name: Prosen, Tomaz
name: Petkovsek, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some new universal aspects of diffusion in chaotic systems, especially such having very large Lyapunov coefficients on the chaotic (indecomposable, topologically transitive) component. We do this by discretizing the chaotic component on the Surface-of-Section in a (large) number $N$ of simplectically equally big cells (in the sense of equal relative invariant ergodic measure, normalized so that the total measure of the chaotic component is unity). By iterating the transition of the chaotic orbit through SOS, where $j$ counts the number of iteration (discrete time), and assuming complete lack of correlations even between consecutive crossings (which can be justified due to the very large Lyapunov exponents), we show the universal approach of the relative measure of the occupied cells, denoted by $ρ(j)$, to the asymptotic value of unity, in the following way: $ρ(j) = 1 - (1-\frac{1}{N})^j$, so that in the limit of big $N$, $N\to \infty$, we have, for $j/N$ fixed, the exponential law $ρ(j) \approx 1 - \exp (-j/N)$. This analytic result is verified numerically in a variety of specific systems: For a plane billiard (Robnik 1983, $λ=0.375$), for a 3-D billiard (Prosen 1997, $a=-1/5, b=-12/5$), for ergodic logistic map (tent map), for standard map ($k=400$) and for hydrogen atom in strong magnetic field ($ε=-0.05$) the agreement is almost perfect (except, in the latter two systems, for some long-time deviations on very small scale), but for Hénon-Heiles system ($E=1/6$) and for the standard map ($k=3$) the deviations are noticed although they are not very big (only about 1%). We have tested the random number generators (Press et al 1986), and confirmed that some are almost perfect (ran0 and ran3), whilst two of them (ran1 and ran2) exhibit big deviations.
description: 16 pages of LaTeX text, three figures (1(a-c), 2 and 3) available upon request; submitted to J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. (as a Letter)
MIMIX: a Bayesian Mixed-Effects Model for Microbiome Data from Designed Experiments
Creators: name: Grantham, Neal S.
name: Yawen Guan
name: Reich, Brian J.
name: Borer, Elizabeth T.
name: Gross, Kevin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Recent advances in bioinformatics have made high-throughput microbiome data widely available, and new statistical tools are required to maximize the information gained from these data. For example, analysis of high-dimensional microbiome data from designed experiments remains an open area in microbiome research. Contemporary analyses work on metrics that summarize collective properties of the microbiome, but such reductions preclude inference on the fine-scale effects of environmental stimuli on individual microbial taxa. Other approaches model the proportions or counts of individual taxa as response variables in mixed models, but these methods fail to account for complex correlation patterns among microbial communities. In this paper, we propose a novel Bayesian mixed-effects model that exploits cross-taxa correlations within the microbiome, a model we call MIMIX (MIcrobiome MIXed model). MIMIX offers global tests for treatment effects, local tests and estimation of treatment effects on individual taxa, quantification of the relative contribution from heterogeneous sources to microbiome variability, and identification of latent ecological subcommunities in the microbiome. MIMIX is tailored to large microbiome experiments using a combination of Bayesian factor analysis to efficiently represent dependence between taxa and Bayesian variable selection methods to achieve sparsity. We demonstrate the model using a simulation experiment and on a 2x2 factorial experiment of the effects of nutrient supplement and herbivore exclusion on the foliar fungal microbiome of Andropogon gerardii, a perennial bunchgrass, as part of the global Nutrient Network research initiative.
Tent pitching and Trefftz-DG method for the acoustic wave equation
Creators: name: Perugia, Ilaria
name: Schöberl, Joachim
name: Stocker, Paul
name: Wintersteiger, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M60, 41A10, 35L05

description: We present a space-time Trefftz discontinuous Galerkin method for approximating the acoustic wave equation semi-explicitly on tent pitched meshes. DG Trefftz methods use discontinuous test and trial functions, which solve the wave equation locally. Tent pitched meshes allow to solve the equation elementwise, allowing locally optimal advances in time. The method is implemented in NGSolve, solving the space-time elements in parallel, whenever possible. Insights into the implementational details are given, including the case of propagation in heterogeneous media.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 8 of LINC00022 acts as an oncogene in colorectal cancer progression via sponging miR-375-3p to regulate FOXF1 expression
Creators: name: Xu, Lingling
name: He, Hongmei
name: Shang, Yu
name: Qu, Xiaona
name: Sun, Jinghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Supplementary figure S8e. The original blot images of Fig. 8e.
Phase Transitions on Nonamenable Graphs
Creators: name: Lyons, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B26

description: We survey known results about phase transitions in various models of statistical physics when the underlying space is a nonamenable graph. Most attention is devoted to transitive graphs and trees.
Contaminated sites management and regulation in British Columbia as it affects mine sites
Creators: name: Wiens, J. H. (John Herbert), 1945-
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Contaminated sites legislation (Waste Management Amendment Act, 1993) was passed by the British Columbia Legislature on June 15, 1993, but its proclamation awaits completion and approval of the regulation. The legislation is directed at historical contamination. It provides a regulatory framework for managing contaminated sites, and spells out responsibility for remediation in accordance with the "polluter pay" principle. Exemptions to liability as required for greater fairness are included. The contaminated sites regulation now in preparation provides technical and procedural details as well as further guidelines regarding liability. Standards which define contaminated sites and satisfactory remediation will be included in the regulation. This paper reviews the legislation and regulation, provides a status update, and highlights provisions applicable to mine sites.
Additional file 8 of Incidence and outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units of mainland China: a multicentre prospective longitudinal study
Creators: name: Huang, Xu
name: Zhang, Ruoyang
name: Fan, Guohui
name: Wu, Dawei
name: Lu, Haining
name: Wang, Daoxin
name: Deng, Wang
name: Sun, Tongwen
name: Xing, Lihua
name: Liu, Shaohua
name: Wang, Shilei
name: Cai, Ying
name: Tian, Ye
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Xia, Jingen
name: Zhan, Qingyuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 8: eTable 3. Laboratory findings of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients.
Aging phenomena in nonlinear dissipative chains: Application to polymer
Creators: name: Gobet, F.
name: Ciliberto, S.
name: Dauxois, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study energy relaxation in a phenomenological model for polymer built from rheological considerations: a one dimensional nonlinear lattice with dissipative couplings. These couplings are well known in polymer's community to be possibly responsible of beta-relaxation (as in Burger's model). After thermalisation of this system, the extremities of the chain are put in contact with a zero-temperature reservoir, showing the existence of surprising quasi-stationary states with non zero energy when the dissipative coupling is high. This strange behavior, due to long-lived nonlinear localized modes, induces stretched exponential laws. Furthermore, we observe a strong dependence on the waiting time tw after the quench of the two-time intermediate correlation function C(tw+t,tw). This function can be scaled onto a master curve, similar to the case of spin or Lennard-Jones glasses.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Resonances In a Box
Creators: name: Hagedorn, George A.
name: Meller, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05

description: We investigate a numerical method for studying resonances in quantum mechanics. We prove rigorously that this method yields accurate approximations to resonance energies and widths for shape resonances in the semiclassical limit.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, submitted to J.Phys.A
Elliptical Perturbations for Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Reimherr, Matthew
name: Awan, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study elliptical distributions in locally convex vector spaces, and determine conditions when they can or cannot be used to satisfy differential privacy (DP). A requisite condition for a sanitized statistical summary to satisfy DP is that the corresponding privacy mechanism must induce equivalent measures for all possible input databases. We show that elliptical distributions with the same dispersion operator, $C$, are equivalent if the difference of their means lies in the Cameron-Martin space of $C$. In the case of releasing finite-dimensional projections using elliptical perturbations, we show that the privacy parameter $\ep$ can be computed in terms of a one-dimensional maximization problem. We apply this result to consider multivariate Laplace, $t$, Gaussian, and $K$-norm noise. Surprisingly, we show that the multivariate Laplace noise does not achieve $\ep$-DP in any dimension greater than one. Finally, we show that when the dimension of the space is infinite, no elliptical distribution can be used to give $\ep$-DP; only $(ε,δ)$-DP is possible.
description: 13 pages. Published in NeurIPS 2019 (https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2019/hash/b3dd760eb02d2e669c604f6b2f1e803f-Abstract.html). This Arxiv document corrects a few minor errors in the published version
Additional file 3 of Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 relieves PMN recruitment in CNS via LPA1/TSP1/CXCR2 pathway and alleviates disruption on blood-brain barrier following intracerebral haemorrhage in mice
Creators: name: Gao, Ling
name: Peng, Li
name: Sherchan, Prativa
name: Tang, Hong
name: Liu, Yu
name: Xiao, Jie
name: Shi, Hui
name: Luo, Yujie
name: Tang, Jiping
name: Zhang, John H.
name: Xia, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 3
Probing Nonlocal Spatial Correlations in Quantum Gases with Ultra-long-range Rydberg Molecules
Creators: name: Whalen, J. D.
name: Kanungo, S. K.
name: Ding, R.
name: Wagner, M.
name: Schmidt, R.
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
name: Yoshida, S.
name: Burgdörfer, J.
name: Dunning, F. B.
name: Killian, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photo-excitation of ultra-long-range Rydberg molecules as a probe of spatial correlations in quantum gases. Rydberg molecules can be created with well-defined internuclear spacing, set by the radius of the outer lobe of the Rydberg electron wavefunction $R_n$. By varying the principal quantum number $n$ of the target Rydberg state, the molecular excitation rate can be used to map the pair-correlation function of the trapped gas $g^{(2)}(R_n)$. We demonstrate this with ultracold Sr gases and probe pair-separation length scales ranging from $R_n = 1400 - 3200$ $a_0$, which are on the order of the thermal de Broglie wavelength for temperatures around 1 $μ$K. We observe bunching for a single-component Bose gas of $^{84}$Sr and anti-bunching due to Pauli exclusion at short distances for a polarized Fermi gas of $^{87}$Sr, revealing the effects of quantum statistics.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 relieves PMN recruitment in CNS via LPA1/TSP1/CXCR2 pathway and alleviates disruption on blood-brain barrier following intracerebral haemorrhage in mice
Creators: name: Gao, Ling
name: Peng, Li
name: Sherchan, Prativa
name: Tang, Hong
name: Liu, Yu
name: Xiao, Jie
name: Shi, Hui
name: Luo, Yujie
name: Tang, Jiping
name: Zhang, John H.
name: Xia, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
The Rotating Quantum Vacuum
Creators: name: Davies, Paul C. W.
name: Dray, Tevian
name: Manogue, Corinne A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive conditions for rotating particle detectors to respond in a variety of bounded spacetimes and compare the results with the folklore that particle detectors do not respond in the vacuum state appropriate to their motion. Applications involving possible violations of the second law of thermodynamics are briefly addressed.
description: Plain TeX, 10 pages (to appear in PRD)
Additional file 2 of Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 relieves PMN recruitment in CNS via LPA1/TSP1/CXCR2 pathway and alleviates disruption on blood-brain barrier following intracerebral haemorrhage in mice
Creators: name: Gao, Ling
name: Peng, Li
name: Sherchan, Prativa
name: Tang, Hong
name: Liu, Yu
name: Xiao, Jie
name: Shi, Hui
name: Luo, Yujie
name: Tang, Jiping
name: Zhang, John H.
name: Xia, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
Wedge extendability of CR-meromorphic functions: the minimal case
Creators: name: Merker, Joel
name: Porten, Egmont
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 32D20. Secondary: 32A20, 32D10, 32V10, 32V25, 32V35

description: In this article, we consider metrically thin singularities E of the solutions of the tangential Cauchy-Riemann operators on a C^{2,a}-smooth embedded Cauchy-Riemann generic manifold M (CR functions on M - E) and more generally, we consider holomorphic functions defined in wedgelike domains attached to M - E. Our main result establishes the wedge- and the L^1-removability of E under the hypothesis that the (\dim M-2)-dimensional Hausdorff volume of E is zero and that M and M\backslash E are globally minimal. As an application, we deduce that there exists a wedgelike domain attached to an everywhere locally minimal M to which every CR-meromorphic function on M extends meromorphically.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, deformations of global analytic discs
Infection Prevention Practices and Crowding in the Emergency Department
Creators: Carter, Eileen Juliana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Infection--Prevention
subject: Hospitals--Emergency services
subject: Urinary tract infections--Prevention
subject: Urinary catheterization
subject: Hand--Care and hygiene

description: This dissertation evaluates quality of care in the emergency department (ED), specifically with regards to crowding and infection prevention practices. Chapter One provides an overview of crowding, hand hygiene practices, and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention in the ED, identifies gaps in science regarding these areas, and specifies the aims of this dissertation. Chapter Two reports a systematic review of the relationship between ED crowding and patient outcomes. Chapter Three reports a literature review of ED healthcare worker compliance with common infection prevention protocols. Chapter Four uses data collected from a single-site observational study to examine the relationship between crowding and hand hygiene compliance. Chapter Five uses data from a nationwide qualitative study to describe facets of high-performing ED CAUTI prevention programs. Lastly, Chapter Six synthesizes dissertation findings, specifies the implications of results, and makes recommendations for further study.
Experimental Evaluation of Individualized Treatment Rules
Creators: name: Imai, Kosuke
name: Li, Michael Lingzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing availability of individual-level data has led to numerous applications of individualized (or personalized) treatment rules (ITRs). Policy makers often wish to empirically evaluate ITRs and compare their relative performance before implementing them in a target population. We propose a new evaluation metric, the population average prescriptive effect (PAPE). The PAPE compares the performance of ITR with that of non-individualized treatment rule, which randomly treats the same proportion of units. Averaging the PAPE over a range of budget constraints yields our second evaluation metric, the area under the prescriptive effect curve (AUPEC). The AUPEC represents an overall performance measure for evaluation, like the area under the receiver and operating characteristic curve (AUROC) does for classification, and is a generalization of the QINI coefficient utilized in uplift modeling. We use Neyman's repeated sampling framework to estimate the PAPE and AUPEC and derive their exact finite-sample variances based on random sampling of units and random assignment of treatment. We extend our methodology to a common setting, in which the same experimental data is used to both estimate and evaluate ITRs. In this case, our variance calculation incorporates the additional uncertainty due to random splits of data used for cross-validation. The proposed evaluation metrics can be estimated without requiring modeling assumptions, asymptotic approximation, or resampling methods. As a result, it is applicable to any ITR including those based on complex machine learning algorithms. The open-source software package is available for implementing the proposed methodology.
description: Accepted at JASA
Spatial Mapping of Local Density Variations in Two-dimensional Electron Systems Using Scanning Photoluminescence
Creators: name: Chung, Yoon Jang
name: Baldwin, Kirk W.
name: West, Kenneth W.
name: Haug, Nicholas
name: van de Wetering, Johannes
name: Shayegan, Mansour
name: Pfeiffer, Loren N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a scanning photoluminescence technique that can directly map out the local two-dimensional electron density with a relative accuracy of $\sim2.2\times10^8$ cm$^{-2}$. The validity of this approach is confirmed by the observation of the expected density gradient in a high-quality GaAs quantum well sample that was not rotated during the molecular beam epitaxy of its spacer layer. In addition to this global variation in electron density, we observe local density fluctuations across the sample. These random density fluctuations are also seen in samples that were continuously rotated during growth, and we attribute them to residual space charges at the substrate-epitaxy interface. This is corroborated by the fact that the average magnitude of density fluctuations is increased to $\sim9\times10^{9}$ cm$^{-2}$ from $\sim1.2\times10^9$ cm$^{-2}$ when the buffer layer between the substrate and the quantum well is decreased by a factor of seven. Our data provide direct evidence for local density inhomogeneities even in very high-quality two-dimensional carrier systems.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Comment on Energy Level Statistics in the Mixed Regime
Creators: name: Robnik, Marko
name: Prosen, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on the recent paper by Abul-Magd (J.Phys.A: Math.Gen. 29 (1996) 1) concerning the energy level statistics in the mixed regime, i.e. such having the mixed classical dynamics where regular and chaotic regions coexist in the phase space. We point out that his basic assumption on the additive property of the level-repulsion function $r(S)$ (conditional probability density) in the sense of dividing it linearly into the regular and chaotic part in proportion to the classical fractional phase space volumes $ρ_1$ and $ρ_2=q$ is not justified, since among other things, it relies on the type of Berry's ergodic assumption, which however is right only in a homogeneous ensemble of ergodic systems, but not in the neighbourhood of an integrable system. Thus his resulting distribution cannot be regarded as a theoretically well founded object. We point out that the semiclassical limiting energy level spacing distribution must be of Berry-Robnik (1984) type, and explain what transitional behaviour of the Brody-type (with fractional power-law energy level repulsion) we observe in the near semiclassical regime where effective $\hbar$ is not yet small enough. Thus we refer to the derivation, arguments and conclusions in our paper (Prosen and Robnik, J.Phys.A: Math.Gen. 26 (1994) 8059), and explain again the behaviour in this double transition region.
description: 11 pages in LaTeX; two figures available upon request
Additional file 4 of Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 relieves PMN recruitment in CNS via LPA1/TSP1/CXCR2 pathway and alleviates disruption on blood-brain barrier following intracerebral haemorrhage in mice
Creators: name: Gao, Ling
name: Peng, Li
name: Sherchan, Prativa
name: Tang, Hong
name: Liu, Yu
name: Xiao, Jie
name: Shi, Hui
name: Luo, Yujie
name: Tang, Jiping
name: Zhang, John H.
name: Xia, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 4
Inferences from Surface Thermal Emission of Young Neutron Stars
Creators: Alford, Jason
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neutron stars
Astrophysics
Magnetic fields
Stars--Temperature

description: We consider the question of the magnetic field configuration of central compact objects (CCOs), specifically if their observed spectra allow uniform surface temperatures and carbon atmospheres. Although it is theoretically plausible that young hot neutron stars will deplete their hydrogen and helium atmospheres through diffusive nuclear burning, we find that there is no strong observational evidence to suggest that any particular CCO has a uniform temperature carbon atmosphere. In fact, they all may have small hot spots, similar to what we have measured on the surface of RX J0822−4300, and what has been observed in the cases of two other CCOs, 1E 1207.4−5209 and PSR J1852+0040. We find it is likely that most CCOs have small magnetic inclination angles. We also study the magnetic field configurations of two particular young neutron stars through general relativistic modeling of the X-ray light curves produced by their thermal surface emission. In particular, we have analyzed over a decade of XMM-Newton observations of the central compact object RX J0822−4300 and also the transient magnetar XTEJ1810−197. We show that the CCO RX J0822−4300 has two heated regions with very dif-ferent sizes and temperatures, and we measure a significant deviation angle from a purelyantipodal geometry. This measurement can inform theoretical models of the strength and geometry of the crustal magnetic fields that conduct heat to toward these hot spots. We measure the size, temperature, angular emission pattern and viewing geometry toward the heated surface regions of the magnetar XTE J1810−197 in the years following its 2003 outburst. We demonstrate that, after the size and the temperature of the heated region shrank from what was measured in the initial outburst, the magnetar eventually entered a steady state with the hot spot luminosity powered by magnetic field decay. We find that the magnitude of the flux from the whole surface of XTE J1810−197, combined with several distance estimates, indicates that the mass of XTE J1810−197 must be significantly larger than the canonical 1.4 solar mass neutron star.
Electronic Supplementary Material from Consensus and polarization in competing complex contagion processes
Creators: name: Vasconcelos, Vítor V.
name: Levin, Simon A.
name: Pinheiro, Flávio L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Extended discussion on the mathematical model and computer simulations.
Structures de contact en dimension trois et bifurcations des feuilletages de surfaces
Creators: name: Giroux, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main purpose of this article is to classify contact structures on some 3-manifolds, namely lens spaces, most torus bundles over a circle, the solid torus, and the thickened torus T^2 x [0,1]. This classification completes earlier work (by Etnyre [math.DG/9812065], Eliashberg, Kanda, Makar-Limanov, and the author) and results from the combination of two techniques: surgery, which produces many contact structures, and tomography, which allows one to analyse a contact structure given a priori and to create from it a combinatorial image. The surgery methods are based on a theorem of Y. Eliashberg -- revisited by R. Gompf [math.GT/9803019] -- and produces holomorphically fillable contact structures on closed manifolds. Tomography theory, developed in parts 2 and 3, draws on notions introduced by the author and yields a small number of possible models for contact structures on each of the manifolds listed above.
description: Abstract added in migration
A Late Mesolithic Rock Shelter Site at High Hurstwood, Sussex
Creators: name: Jacobi, R
name: Tebbutt, C F
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 119, 1-36
description: This paper describes the exploratory excavation of, and the finds made from, a Mesolithic site at the foot of an outcrop at the Ardingly Beds at Hermitage Rocks, High Hurst wood in East Sussex. The excavation yielded an assemblage of just over four thousand pieces of struck flint from the upper part of a gley-podsol. Associated with these art if acts were charcoal lenses and at one point a hearth, constructed of sandstone pieces. Radiocarbon dates obtained on charcoal fragments from the excavation suggest that occupation(s) took place close to five thousand (radiocarbon) years be, while the typology of the microliths leads us to speculate that the makers may have been one of the groups who made up the occupants of a 'social territory' extending as far west as Devon and Cornwall. Occupation(s) of this site is (are) argued to have taken place in spring and the tool kit may suggest use of the shelter by (a) male hunting band(s). A single 'Horsham point' as well as a small number of 'archaic' shapes of microlith from the base, or near the base, of the excavation, may hint at an earlier phase of activity perhaps during the seventh millennium be, by a group who formed part of the population of the 'Wealden Social Territory ' which can be identified in south-east England at this time.
An exploration of the permanent-determinant method
Creators: name: Kuperberg, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The permanent-determinant method and its generalization, the Hafnian-Pfaffian method, are methods to enumerate perfect matchings of plane graphs that was discovered by P. W. Kasteleyn. We present several new techniques and arguments related to the permanent-determinant with consequences in enumerative combinatorics. Here are some of the results that follow from these techniques: 1. If a bipartite graph on the sphere with 4n vertices is invariant under the antipodal map, the number of matchings is the square of the number of matchings of the quotient graph. 2. The number of matchings of the edge graph of a graph with vertices of degree at most 3 is a power of 2. 3. The three Carlitz matrices whose determinants count a x b x c plane partitions all have the same cokernel. 4. Two symmetry classes of plane partitions can be enumerated with almost no calculation.
description: 16 pages, 20 in-line figures. This version has some minor clarifications suggested by the referee
Inference of functional neural connectivity and convergence acceleration methods
Creators: Nikitchenko, Maxim V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The knowledge of the maps of neuronal interactions is key for system neuroscience, but at the moment we possess relatively little of it . The recent development of experimental methods which allow a simultaneous recording of the spiking activity, but not the intracellular voltage, of thousands of neurons gives us an opportunity to start filling that gap. In Chapter 2, I present a method for the inference of the parameters of the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) model featuring time-dependent currents and conductances based only on the extracellular recording of spiking in the network. The fitted parameters can describe the functional connections in the network, as well as the internal properties of the cells. The method can also be used to determine whether a single-compartment model of a neuron should include conductance- or current-based synapses, or their mixture. In addition, because the same mathematical model describes some of the flavors of the Drift Diffusion Model (DDM), popular in the studies of decision making process, the presented method can be readily used to fit their parameters. Making the proposed inference procedure -- based on the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm -- accurate and robust, necessitated a development of a new numerical adaptive-grid (AG) method for the forward-backward (FB) propagation of the probability density, which is required in the computation of the sufficient statistic in the EM algorithm. These topics are covered in Chapter 3. Another issue which had to be addressed in order to obtain a usable inference algorithm is the well known slow convergence of the EM algorithm in the flat regions of the loglikelihood. Two complementary approaches to this issue are presented in this dissertation. In Chapter 4, I present a new framework for the acceleration of convergence of iterative algorithms (not limited to the EM) which unifies all previously known methods and allows us to construct a new method demonstrating the best performance of them all. To make the computations even faster, I wrote a Matlab package which allows them to be done in parallel on several machines and clusters. As one can see, all the aforementioned projects were sprouted up from one "head" project on the inference of the LIF model parameters. At the end of the dissertation, I briefly describe a disconnected project which is devoted to the development of a flexible experimental setup (software and hardware) for behavioral experiments, with a specific application to a particular type of the virtual Morris water maze experiment (VMWM).