cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A high-precision rf trap with minimized micromotion for an In+ multiple-ion clock
Creators: name: Pyka, Karsten
name: Herschbach, Norbert
name: Keller, Jonas
name: Mehlstäubler, Tanja E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experiment to characterize our new linear ion trap designed for the operation of a many-ion optical clock using 115-In^+ as clock ions. For the characterization of the trap as well as the sympathetic cooling of the clock ions we use 172-Yb^+. The trap design has been derived from finite element method (FEM) calculations and a first prototype based on glass-reinforced thermoset laminates was built. This paper details on the trap manufacturing process and micromotion measurement. Excess micromotion is measured using photon-correlation spectroscopy with a resolution of 1.1nm in motional amplitude, and residual axial rf fields in this trap are compared to FEM calculations. With this method, we demonstrate a sensitivity to systematic clock shifts due to excess micromotion of |(Δν/ν)| = 8.5x10^-20. Based on the measurement of axial rf fields of our trap, we estimate a number of twelve ions that can be stored per trapping segment and used as an optical frequency standard with a fractional inaccuracy of \leq 1x10^-18 due to micromotion.
description: 19 pages with 14 pictures
The death and life of Aboriginal women in postwar Vancouver
Creators: name: Longstaffe, Meghan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Violence against indigenous women in Canada is endemic. Through a case study of postwar Vancouver, this paper situates this ongoing violence in its historical context. In the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, countless Aboriginal women died on the streets and in the cheap rooming houses and hotels of Vancouver’s downtown eastside. These women died from the effects of poverty, alcoholism, drug abuse, tuberculosis, and malnutrition, but too often their deaths were hastened by brutal assaults, rape, and murder. Although it took place in Vancouver’s very recent past, this story is remarkably absent from literature in Aboriginal history, women’s history, and postwar Canadian history. Using a feminist and anti-racist analysis of a public discourse about Aboriginal women, this paper examines the grave extent of racial and sexual violence against Aboriginal women during these decades. During the postwar period, Vancouver’s Aboriginal population increased significantly, generating an anxious public discourse about the changing face of the city. This discourse, which appeared regularly in mainstream venues such as newspapers, civic reports, and social work theses, supported a narrative about Native women living and dying on Vancouver’s skid road. Central to this narrative was a portrait of the “dead Indian girl,” telling a fatalistic story of poverty, discrimination, loneliness, alcoholism, prostitution, rape, and death in the city. Using paternalistic language, this narrative infantilized and victimized Aboriginal women, but it was, nonetheless, designed to generate public attention. In response to this crisis, private organizations and concerned individuals established the Vancouver Indian Centre and several hostels for Aboriginal women; they thought that these facilities would keep women off the streets, and therefore, prevent further death on skid road. Yet despite these efforts, racial and sexual violence against Aboriginal women would continue.
Periodic Radio Variability in NRAO 530: Phase Dispersion Minimization Analysis
Creators: name: Lu, Jun-Chao
name: Wang, Jun-Yi
name: An, Tao
name: Lin, Ji-Ming
name: Qiu, Hong-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a periodicity analysis of the radio light curves of the blazar NRAO 530 at 14.5, 8.0, and 4.8 GHz is presented employing an improved Phase Dispersion Minimization (PDM) technique. The result, which shows two persistent periodic components of $ \sim 6$ and $ \sim 10$ years at all three frequencies, is consistent with the results obtained with the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and weighted wavelet Z-transform algorithms. The reliability of the derived periodicities is confirmed by the Monte Carlo numerical simulations which show a high statistical confidence. (Quasi-)Periodic fluctuations of the radio luminosity of NRAO 530 might be associated with the oscillations of the accretion disk triggered by hydrodynamic instabilities of the accreted flow. \keywords{methods: statistical -- galaxies: active -- galaxies: quasar: individual: NRAO 530}
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted by RAA
Double spin asymmetry A_{LT} in direct photon production
Creators: name: Liang, Zuo-Tang
name: Metz, Andreas
name: Pitonyak, Daniel
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Song, Yu-Kun
name: Zhou, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the longitudinal-transverse double spin asymmetry $A_{LT}$ for direct photon production in nucleon-nucleon scattering by using the collinear twist-3 approach. This asymmetry, which, for instance, could be measured at RHIC, contains a complete set of collinear twist-3 correlation functions in a transversely polarized nucleon.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
The Effects of COVID-19 on Refugees in Peninsular Malaysia: Surveillance, Securitization, and Eviction
Creators: name: Abd Jalil, Aslam
name: Hoffstaedter, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: This paper focuses on the largest group of refugees in Malaysia, the Rohingya. Many Rohingya have made Malaysia their home over recent years, even though they have no official legal status in the country. Refugees more broadly are often tolerated as workers but treated as undocumented migrants by the law. When Covid-19 was detected in Malaysia, the government followed a strategy of suppression with targeted lockdowns in areas of Covid-19 outbreaks. As most refugees are forced to work to survive, they hold important front-line jobs. As a result, they were exposed to Covid-19 at higher rates of infection than Malaysians. In this paper we trace the way the Malaysian government, Malaysian people and refugees encountered Covid-19 and how refugees especially became the subject of enhanced securitization and surveillance based on prejudice. We show how the state enacted securitization first on the borders, before it inverted this process and focused on domestic border work, wherein neighborhoods, mosques and markets became central places of immigration control and exclusion for refugees. Based on data collected during ethnographic fieldwork in peninsular Malaysia between 2020 and 2021, we argue that the securitization of refugees and migrant workers, their surveillance and even expulsion and eviction demonstrates continued and heightened scapegoating of refugees and migrants for all Malaysia’s ills. These actions reinforced the stigma and stereotype of refugees being legally undocumented and therefore outside of and too often unwelcome in the Malaysian body politic.
description: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
Marcantonio Magno’s Emblem: New Considerations
Creators: name: Gabriele, Mino
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

The article examines the complex iconography of Marcantonio Magno’s personal emblem and identifies its sources. It also proposes a new explanation of its meaning that differs from those expressed up to now. This engraving appears in some works published in Venice between 1545 and 1557. The words of the motto andare The Image correspond each other andare create a refined symbolism.

description: Venezia Arti
Thick branes in Horndeski gravity
Creators: name: Santos, Fabiano F.
name: Brito, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate thick brane solutions in the Horndeski gravity. In this setup, we found analytical solutions, applying the first-order formalism to two scalar fields where the first field comes from the non-minimal scalar-tensor coupling and the second is due to the matter contribution sector. With these analytical solutions, we evaluate the symmetric thick brane solutions in Horndeski gravity with four-dimensional geometry. In such a setup, we evaluate the gravity fluctuations to find ``almost massless modes'', for any values of the Horndeski parameters. These modes were used to compute the corrections to the Newtonian potential and evaluate the limit four-dimensional gravity.
description: 12 pages
Rotating skyrmion lattices by spin torques and field or temperature gradients
Creators: name: Everschor, Karin
name: Garst, Markus
name: Binz, Benedikt
name: Jonietz, Florian
name: Mühlbauer, Sebastian
name: Pfleiderer, Christian
name: Rosch, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral magnets like MnSi form lattices of skyrmions, i.e. magnetic whirls, which react sensitively to small electric currents j above a critical current density jc. The interplay of these currents with tiny gradients of either the magnetic field or the temperature can induce a rotation of the magnetic pattern for j>jc. Either a rotation by a finite angle of up to 15 degree or -- for larger gradients -- a continuous rotation with a finite angular velocity is induced. We use Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations extended by extra damping terms in combination with a phenomenological treatment of pinning forces to develop a theory of the relevant rotational torques. Experimental neutron scattering data on the angular distribution of skyrmion lattices suggests that continuously rotating domains are easy to obtain in the presence of remarkably small currents and temperature gradients.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Bayesian hierarchical modeling for temperature reconstruction from geothermal data
Creators: name: Brynjarsdóttir, Jenný
name: Berliner, L. Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach to paleoclimate reconstruction using borehole temperature profiles. The approach relies on modeling heat conduction in solids via the heat equation with step function, surface boundary conditions. Our analysis includes model error and assumes that the boundary conditions are random processes. The formulation also enables separation of measurement error and model error. We apply the analysis to data from nine borehole temperature records from the San Rafael region in Utah. We produce ground surface temperature histories with uncertainty estimates for the past 400 years. We pay special attention to use of prior parameter models that illustrate borrowing strength in a combined analysis for all nine boreholes. In addition, we review selected sensitivity analyses.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS452 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INTERLUEKIN-15 THERAPY FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Creators: name: Cody, Jonathan William
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological mathematics
Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified
Immunology not elsewhere classified
Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that promotes maintenance and activation of cytotoxic immune cells. Therapeutic IL-15 stimulates these cells to fight cancer and chronic infections, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Animal models of HIV have demonstrated that IL-15 agonists can suppress the virus, but this was transient and was not observed in all cohorts. We developed a mechanistic mathematical model of IL-15 therapy of HIV to explain these differences in efficacy and to explore solutions. First, the model was applied to evaluate mitigating factors, including immune regulation, viral escape, and drug tolerance, using Akaike Information Criterion. We found that immune regulatory mechanisms could explain the viral rebound observed with continued IL-15 therapy. Next, the model was expanded to allow it to simultaneously explain both the transient viral suppression noted above and the lack of viral suppression observed in another animal cohort. In this cohort, the model suggested that higher pre-treatment viral load came with higher activation of immune cells and a balancing regulatory inhibition of cytotoxicity. Finally, we conducted stability analysis at a range of IL-15 therapeutic strengths. While there was an ideal IL-15 strength, monotherapy could not maintain viral levels below what would clinically be considered to be safely controlled. Stable viral control in the model required the combination of IL-15 with blockade of key regulatory pathways. Immune therapy of complex diseases will likely require combinations of medicines that boost the immune response at multiple key points. Mathematical models like this can expedite development of these treatments.
Theory of Sorption Hysteresis in Nanoporous Solids: II. Molecular condensation
Creators: name: Bazant, Martin Z.
name: Bazant, Zdenek P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the puzzle of sorption hysteresis in Portland cement concrete or cement paste, we develop in Part II of this study a general theory of vapor sorption and desorption from nanoporous solids, which attributes hysteresis to hindered molecular condensation with attractive lateral interactions. The classical mean-field theory of van der Waals is applied to predict the dependence of hysteresis on temperature and pore size, using the regular solution model and gradient energy of Cahn and Hilliard. A simple "hierarchical wetting" model for thin nanopores is developed to describe the case of strong wetting by the first monolayer, followed by condensation of nanodroplets and nanobubbles in the bulk. The model predicts a larger hysteresis critical temperature and enhanced hysteresis for molecular condensation across nanopores at high vapor pressure than within monolayers at low vapor pressure. For heterogeneous pores, the theory predicts sorption/desorption sequences similar to those seen in molecular dynamics simulations, where the interfacial energy (or gradient penalty) at nanopore junctions acts as a free energy barrier for snap-through instabilities. The model helps to quantitatively understand recent experimental data for concrete or cement paste wetting and drying cycles and suggests new experiments at different temperatures and humidity sweep rates.
description: 26 pages, 10 figs
Access to Education for Refugee Children in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Adaptation Strategies
Creators: name: Prabaningtyas, Raden Ajeng Rizka Fiani
name: Pudjiastuti, Tri Nuke
name: Alami, Athiqah Nur
name: Farhana, Faudzan
name: Arfan
Publisher: name: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: The protracted refugee situation in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased refugee children's vulnerability due to the non-fulfillment of their fundamental rights, including the right to education. Drawing on data collected through interviews and observation of refugee children during fieldwork in the cities of Batam and Makassar, this paper aims to investigate how and why their access to education has changed during the pandemic. This study finds that, shortly before the pandemic, the Indonesian government provided access to education for refugee children through the issuance of the Circular Letter from the Secretary General of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Number 752553/A.A4/HK/2019 dated on 10 July 2019. However, the pandemic complicated the accessibility of education for refugee children suggested by the Circular Letter due to lockdown policy and mobility restrictions. The complication is apparent in four aspects of accessibility, namely: access to information, activities in the learning process, environmental support, and the motivation of refugee children. Notwithstanding, this study also finds that the pandemic has induced developments of adaptation strategies through the adoption of online learning among refugee communities to enable wider access to education for refugee children. Therefore, the pandemic may have revealed the urgency for a more rights-based policy on refugee treatment in Indonesia.
description: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
Entanglement Entropy of Black Shells
Creators: name: Arenas, J. Robel
name: Tejeiro, J. Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a coherent account of how the entanglement interpretation, thermofield dynamical description and the brick wall formulations (with the ground state correctly identified) fit into a connected and self-consistent explanation of what Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is, and where it is located.
description: 30 pages, no figures
GOVERNANCE OF CREATIVITY: ANALYZING POWER DYNAMICS IN UEES SCHOOL OF ARTS' CULTURAL PROCESSES
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Dr. Gabriela Lopez
Publisher: name: ZAP Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Power Relations
Management
Cultural-Artistic Processes
Education
Uees

description: This paper examines the influence of power relations on management in cultural-artistic processes within an organization of artistic education. The study was conducted at the School of Arts at the Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo (UEES) in Ecuador. A qualitative approach was used, and data was collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings suggest that power relations play a significant role in the management of cultural-artistic processes. These relations can be either positive or negative, and they can influence the way that decisions are made, the way that resources are allocated, and the way that people interact with each other. The study also found that a diversity of roles can emerge in cultural-artistic processes, and that these roles can be influenced by power relations.
Coup, Conflict, and the Covid-19 Pandemic: Burmese Peoples Moving in Times of Isolation
Creators: name: Jaehn, Miriam
Publisher: name: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: This paper focuses on the political crises shaping Burmese1 peoples’ im-mobilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. As governments around the world urged people to stay at home to be protected from infection and transmission, throughout 2021 many Burmese people protested the military coup of 1 February and fled Myanmar for safety. I problematize these movements of the Burmese peoples through the complex interplay between the triple C of (ethnic) conflict, COVID-19, and coup. I contend that, in Myanmar, adhering to COVID-19 measures emphasizing (self-)isolation and immobility was impossible as they served the military to suppress peoples’ critique and protests regarding the government’s coup and its mismanagement of the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, Burmese peoples’ physical movements and political mobilisation were necessitated to fight against an ensuing political disempowerment of the people. In other words, the unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic in correlation with long-standing ‘ethnic’ conflicts and a military coup required the Burmese peoples to carefully contest an internationally propagated so-called ‘new norm’ of self-isolation at home and other social distancing measures, which bore the risk of suppression and of renewing political isolation experienced since the country’s first military government.
description: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
Regimes of the non-exponential temporal growth in thin Keplerian discs under toroidally-dominated magnetic fields
Creators: name: Shtemler, Yuri M.
name: Mond, Michael
name: Liverts, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear stability of thin vertically-isothermal density-stratified Keplerian discs in toroidally-dominated magnetic fields is treated by asymptotic expansions in the small aspect ratio of the discs. The discs are found to be spectrally stable. The great variety of possible initial conditions leads to three regimes of non-exponential growth of perturbations, which are classified according to different relative levels of the in-plane and axial perturbed velocities. The first two regimes of instability are characterized by the decoupling of the magneto-sonic (MS) and inertia-Coriolis (IC) modes, as well as by algebraic temporal growth of the perturbations, which are driven by either MS or IC modes (hereafter MS - and IC -regimes of instability, respectively). The third, mixed IC-MS regime of non-exponential, non-algebraic growth is due only to nonaxisymmetric perturbations. The latter regime is characterized by high radial and azimuthal wavenumbers, and growth time of the order of tens of rotating periods. The mixed IC-MS regime most likely exhibits the maximal growth as compared with the IC- and MS- regimes. In the first two regimes of instability the compressible MS mode plays a principal role either as the driver of the growth or the driven growing mode, while the mixed IC-MS regime is described by the Bousinesq approximation for incompressible fluid. The latter is obtained as a natural limit of the expansion scheme. The presence of magnetic field in the mixed IC- MS regime may drastically increase the growth rates of the perturbations as compared with the pure hydrodynamic system.
description: 8 figures
Figure S1. from Removal mechanisms of dew via self-propulsion off the gecko skin
Creators: name: Watson, Gregory S.
name: Schwarzkopf, Lin
name: Cribb, Bronwen W.
name: Myhra, Sverre
name: Gellender, Marty
name: Watson, Jolanta A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Drops autonomously self-propelling off the surface when the skin is inclined at an angle of ca. 70° mimicking a lizard stance at this angle. The propelled droplets clearly leave the surface and move under the influence of gravity. See also the accompanying Supplementary Movie S4. The skin thickness is very thin (indicated by the arrows). Field of view: 3.62 mm in height.
Farm Pesticide Economic Evaluation, 1981
Creators: name: Eichers, Theodore R.
name: Eichers, Theodore R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Pesticide production
subject: Pesticide supply
subject: Pesticide demand
subject: Pesticide prices
subject: Pesticide outlook
subject: Pesticide regulations
subject: Alternative pest controls

description: Insecticide purchases for 1981 will increase 10 to 15 percent over the last 2 years, when use was down because of light insect infestations. Herbicide use will rise about 5 percent. Supplies of nearly all pesticides should be ample because of unusually large carryover stocks. Prices may be up about 10 percent because of rising production and distribution costs. Rebuttable Presumption Against Registration (RPAR) proposed decisions were published by EPA for four pesticides in 1980: diallate, lindane, EDB, and strychnine.
Saying HelloWorld with QVTR-XSLT - A Solution to the TTC 2011 Instructive Case
Creators: name: Li, Dan
name: Li, Xiaoshan
name: Stolz, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this short paper we present our solution for the Hello World case study of the Transformation Tool Contest (TTC) 2011 using the QVTR-XSLT tool. The tool supports editing and execution of the graphical notation of QVT Relations language. The case study consists of a set of simple transformation tasks which covers the basic functions required for a transformation language, such as creating, reading/querying, updating and deleting of model elements. We design a transformation for each of the tasks.
description: In Proceedings TTC 2011, arXiv:1111.4407
Book Review: Ullah, AKM. A., & Chattoraj, D. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemic and the Migrant Population in Southeast Asia: Vaccine, Diplomacy and Disparity
Creators: name: Datta, Amrita
Publisher: name: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: -
description: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
India’s potential as a lead market for frugal innovation and the role of socio-cultural context factors
Creators: name: Tiwari, Rajnish
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: lead markets
subject: frugality 3.0
subject: frugal innovation
subject: national culture
subject: India
subject: reverse innovation
classificationCode: 330
subject: Wirtschaft

description: In recent years a phenomenon called “frugal innovation” has increasingly gained traction in the scholarly discourse; and as research reveals, it is often brought in connection with India. Apparently, India has quietly acquired the role of a pioneer for innovations that aim at combining affordability with excellence, cutting across sectoral boundaries. But what is it that makes India a forerunner for an innovation paradigm with increasing global relevance? In this paper, I propose that the “lead market” theory can explain to a quite good extent the attractiveness of India for frugal solutions. On one hand, there are concrete economic factors that give rise to resource-efficient and affordable solutions to problems faced in day-to-day life. On the other hand, frugality has been long regarded as a virtuous social value in India and the socio-cultural context of the country provides a fertile environment for the acceptance of frugal products and services on both demand and supply sides. This paper, apart from dwelling on the concept of lead markets and its application in the context of frugal innovations in India, also presents some qualitative results of an empirical survey conducted with participation of Indian students that underscore the role of culture as a key determinant for the acceptance of frugal innovation. The study indicates that frugality in India is often driven by financial considerations (“frugality 2.0”), but globally there are other, additional powerful drivers for frugal innovations, e.g. environmental concerns and rejection of status symbols. This makes a case for collaboration and cooperation between emerging and developed economies, such as India, Germany and Japan, to enable “affordable green excellence”.
Insights into ultrafast demagnetization in pseudo-gap half metals
Creators: name: Mann, Andreas
name: Walowski, Jakob
name: Münzenberg, Markus
name: Maat, Stefan
name: Carey, Matthew J.
name: Childress, Jeffrey R.
name: Mewes, Claudia
name: Ebke, Daniel
name: Drewello, Volker
name: Reiss, Günter
name: Thomas, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interest in femtosecond demagnetization experiments was sparked by Bigot's discovery in 1995. These experiments unveil the elementary mechanisms coupling the electrons' temperature to their spin order. Even though first quantitative models describing ultrafast demagnetization have just been published within the past year, new calculations also suggest alternative mechanisms. Simultaneously, the application of fast demagnetization experiments has been demonstrated to provide key insight into technologically important systems such as high spin polarization metals, and consequently there is broad interest in further understanding the physics of these phenomena. To gain new and relevant insights, we perform ultrafast optical pump-probe experiments to characterize the demagnetization processes of highly spin-polarized magnetic thin films on a femtosecond time scale. Previous studies have suggested shifting the Fermi energy into the center of the gap by tuning the number of electrons and thereby to study its influence on spin-flip processes. Here we show that choosing isoelectronic Heusler compounds (Co2MnSi, Co2MnGe and Co2FeAl) allows us to vary the degree of spin polarization between 60% and 86%. We explain this behavior by considering the robustness of the gap against structural disorder. Moreover, we observe that Co-Fe-based pseudo gap materials, such as partially ordered Co-Fe-Ge alloys and also the well-known Co-Fe-B alloys, can reach similar values of the spin polarization. By using the unique features of these metals we vary the number of possible spin-flip channels, which allows us to pinpoint and control the half metals electronic structure and its influence onto the elementary mechanisms of ultrafast demagnetization.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, plus Supplementary Information
"Writing Across Borders" outputs (COESO D2.10)
Creators: name: Burckhardt, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Citizen Science
Participatory Research
Handwriting recognition
COESO Project

description: COESO (Collaborative Engagement on Societal Issues) is a 3-year participatory research project,funded by the European Commission through a Science with and for Society grant. At the heart of the project are ten citizen science pilots, representing a variety of social sciences and arts disciplines, societal challenges and types of engagement with citizens in different Europeancountries.Pilot 5, coordinated by GHI | PRO (MWS), brought together a historical and comparative perspective on migration, with two distinct initiatives:

The first initiative, "Writing Across Borders: Narratives of Migration, 1800–1950" builds citizen scientist skills and creates a network of researchers able to work with historical documents and participate in machine-learning activities. This first initiative feeds into:
The second one, the "Network Migrant Knowledge". In this second initiative, the central object of research are migrants as carriers and producers of knowledge.
Wasserstein Steepest Descent Flows of Discrepancies with Riesz Kernels
Creators: name: Hertrich, Johannes
name: Gräf, Manuel
name: Beinert, Robert
name: Steidl, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this paper is twofold. Based on the geometric Wasserstein tangent space, we first introduce Wasserstein steepest descent flows. These are locally absolutely continuous curves in the Wasserstein space whose tangent vectors point into a steepest descent direction of a given functional. This allows the use of Euler forward schemes instead of Jordan--Kinderlehrer--Otto schemes. For $λ$-convex functionals, we show that Wasserstein steepest descent flows are an equivalent characterization of Wasserstein gradient flows. The second aim is to study Wasserstein flows of the maximum mean discrepancy with respect to certain Riesz kernels. The crucial part is hereby the treatment of the interaction energy. Although it is not $λ$-convex along generalized geodesics, we give analytic expressions for Wasserstein steepest descent flows of the interaction energy starting at Dirac measures. In contrast to smooth kernels, the particle may explode, i.e., a Dirac measure becomes a non-Dirac one. The computation of steepest descent flows amounts to finding equilibrium measures with external fields, which nicely links Wasserstein flows of interaction energies with potential theory. Finally, we provide numerical simulations of Wasserstein steepest descent flows of discrepancies.
Figure S3. from Removal mechanisms of dew via self-propulsion off the gecko skin
Creators: name: Watson, Gregory S.
name: Schwarzkopf, Lin
name: Cribb, Bronwen W.
name: Myhra, Sverre
name: Gellender, Marty
name: Watson, Jolanta A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Condensation resulting in the formation of water films or droplets is an unavoidable process on the cuticle or skin of many organisms. This process generally occurs under humid conditions when the temperature drops below the dew point. In this study, we have investigated dew conditions on the skin of the gecko Lucasium steindachneri. When condensation occurs, we show that small dew drops, as opposed to a thin film, form on the lizard's scales. As the droplets grow in size and merge, they can undergo self-propulsion off the skin and in the process can be carried away a sufficient distance to freely engage with external forces. We show that factors such as gravity, wind and fog provide mechanisms to remove these small droplets off the gecko skin surface. The formation of small droplets and subsequent removal from the skin may aid in reducing microbial contact (e.g. bacteria, fungi) and limit conducive growth conditions under humid environments. As well as providing an inhospitable microclimate for microorganisms, the formation and removal of small droplets may also potentially aid in other areas such as reduction and cleaning of some surface contaminants consisting of single or multiple aggregates of particles.
The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
Creators: name: Missbach, Antje
name: Stange, Gunnar
Publisher: name: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: -
description: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
The study of ground-level ozone in Kiev and its impact on public health
Creators: name: Shavrina, A. V.
name: Mikulskaya, I. A.
name: Kiforenko, S. I.
name: Sheminova, V. A.
name: Veles, A. A.
name: Blum, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-level ozone in Kiev for an episode of its high concentration in August 2000 was simulated with the model of the urban air pollution UAM-V (Urban Airshed Model). The study of total ozone over Kiev and its concentration changes with height in the troposphere is made on the basis of ground-based observations with the infrared Fourier spectrometer at the Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine as a part of the ESA-NIVR-KNMI no 2907. In 2008 the satellite Aura-OMI data OMO3PR on the atmosphere ozone profiles became available. Beginning in 2005, these data include the ozone concentration in the lower layer of the atmosphere and can be used for the evaluation of the ground-level ozone concentrations in all cities of Ukraine. Some statistical investigation of ozone air pollution in Kiev and medical statistics data on respiratory system was carried out with the application of the "Statistica" package. The regression analysis, prognostic regression simulation, and retrospective prognosis of the epidemiological situation with respect to respiratory system pathologies in Kiev during 2000-2007 were performed.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, published in Kosmichna Nauka i Tekhnologiya (ISSN 1561-8889), 2011, Vol. 17, No. 1, p. 52-59
Open Science: Improving Transparency and Reproducibility - Journal Club Slides
Creators: name: Ruiz-Rizzo, Adriana L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science
Research
Diversity
Inclusion
Science

description: Journal Club on "Open Science: Improving Transparency and Reproducibility". Slides based on and summarizing the content of the papers of: Gorgolewski, K. J., & Poldrack, R. A. (2016). A practical guide for improving transparency and reproducibility in neuroimaging research. PLoS Biology, 14(7), e1002506 McKiernan, E. C., Bourne, P. E., Brown, C. T., Buck, S., Kenall, A., Lin, J., ... & Spies, J. R. (2016). Point of view: How open science helps researchers succeed. elife, 5, e16800.
description: {"references": ["Gorgolewski, K. J., & Poldrack, R. A. (2016). A practical guide for improving transparency and reproducibility in neuroimaging research. PLoS Biology, 14(7), e1002506.", "McKiernan, E. C., Bourne, P. E., Brown, C. T., Buck, S., Kenall, A., Lin, J., ... & Spies, J. R. (2016). Point of view: How open science helps researchers succeed. elife, 5, e16800."]}
Invertible bimodule categories and generalized Schur orthogonality
Creators: name: Bridgeman, Jacob C.
name: Lootens, Laurens
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schur orthogonality relations are a cornerstone in the representation theory of groups. We utilize a generalization to weak Hopf algebras to provide a new, readily verifiable condition on the skeletal data for deciding whether a given bimodule category is invertible and therefore defines a Morita equivalence. As a first application, we provide an algorithm for the construction of the full skeletal data of the invertible bimodule category associated to a given module category, which is obtained in a unitary gauge when the underlying categories are unitary. As a second application, we show that our condition for invertibility is equivalent to the notion of MPO-injectivity, thereby closing an open question concerning tensor network representations of string-net models exhibiting topological order. We discuss applications to generalized symmetries, including a generalized Wigner-Eckart theorem.
description: 14+6 pages, comments welcome
Impeded Migration as Adaptation: COVID-19 and Its Implications for Translocal Strategies of Environmental Risk Management
Creators: name: Stange, Gunnar
name: Pagogna, Raffaella
name: Sterly, Harald
name: Sakdapolrak, Patrick
name: Borderon, Marion
name: Schraven, Benjamin
name: Serraglio, Diogo Andreola
Publisher: name: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: In the debates over environmental impacts on migration, migration as adaptation has been acknowledged as a potential risk management strategy based on risk spreading and mutual insurance of people living spatially apart: migrants and family members that are left behind stay connected through a combination of financial and social remittances, joint decision-making and mutual commitment. Conceptualizing migration as adaptation through the lens of translocal livelihood systems enables us to identify the differentiated vulnerabilities of households and communities. COVID-19 and the restrictions on public life and mobility imposed by governments worldwide constituted a complex set of challenges for translocal systems and strategies, especially in the Global South. Focusing on examples, we highlight two points: first, the COVID-19 crisis shows the limits of migration and translocal livelihoods for coping with, and adapting to, climate and environmental risks. Second, as these restrictions hit on a systemic level and affect places of destination as well as origin, the crisis reveals specific vulnerabilities of the translocal livelihood systems themselves. Based on the translocal livelihoods approach, we formulate insights and recommendations for policies that move beyond the narrow, short-term focus on the support of migrant populations alone and address the longer-term root causes of the vulnerabilities in translocal livelihoods systems.
description: Advances in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): The COVID-19 Pandemic, (Im)Mobilities, and Migration in Southeast Asia
Epitaxial hexagonal boron nitride for hydrogen generation by radiolysis of interfacial water
Creators: name: Binder, Johannes
name: Dąbrowska, Aleksandra Krystyna
name: Tokarczyk, Mateusz
name: Ludwiczak, Katarzyna
name: Bożek, Rafał
name: Kowalski, Grzegorz
name: Stępniewski, Roman
name: Wysmołek, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen is an important building block in global strategies towards a future green energy system. To make this transition possible, intense scientific efforts are needed, also in the field of materials science. Two-dimensional crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), are very promising in this regard, as it was demonstrated that micrometer-sized exfoliated flakes are excellent barriers to molecular hydrogen. However, it remains an open question whether large-area layers fabricated by industrially relevant methods preserve such promising properties. In this work we show that electron beam-induced splitting of water creates hBN bubbles that effectively store molecular hydrogen for weeks and under extreme mechanical deformation. We demonstrate that epitaxial hBN allows direct visualization and monitoring of the process of hydrogen generation by radiolysis of interfacial water. Our findings show that hBN is not only a potential candidate for hydrogen storage, but also holds promise for the development of unconventional hydrogen production schemes.
SPARC enhances chemosensitivity by activating the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis
Creators: name: Tang, Michelle Jocelyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in Canada. Treatment failure in advanced disease is due to the development of chemotherapy resistance. Using a genomics approach, the Tai laboratory previously found that Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC), a matricellular protein, was down-regulated in chemotherapy resistant CRCs. SPARC has tumour suppressor properties in ovarian and pancreatic cancers, where higher SPARC expression enhances apoptosis in vitro and tumour regression in vivo. In CRCs, it was found that exogenous SPARC re-sensitized CRCs to chemotherapy by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting tumour growth. In this thesis, the mechanisms of SPARC-mediated apoptosis, the fragment of SPARC responsible for SPARC-mediated apoptosis and the interaction between SPARC and collagen IV and its effect on chemosensitivity were examined. I demonstrated that SPARC can be internalized and interacts with the N-terminus of the procaspase 8 death effector domain (DED)-containing domain, activating the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. This pro-apoptotic activity is mediated through SPARC’s N-terminus domain, where the N-terminus not only enhanced apoptosis in vitro, but also augmented tumour regression in vivo in combination with chemotherapy. The N-terminus domain of SPARC also interfered with the interaction between Bcl-2 and procaspase 8, decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis. I also found that higher SPARC levels correlated with higher caspase 8 expression. Further, I provided evidence that collagen IV and SPARC work in a co-operative manner to enhance apoptosis. This thesis focuses on the interplay between SPARC/Bcl- 2/procaspase 8 and collagen IV which may be important in modulating a tumour’s response to chemotherapy in CRCs, suggesting that SPARC may be a potential cancer therapeutic.
Experiences with Hardware-in-the-Loop Experiments in the FP7 DERri Project
Creators: name: Strasser, Thomas I.
name: Tornelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Hardware-in-the-Loop
Experiment
Real-time Simulation
Research Infrastructure

description: This talks summarizes the experiences with Hardware-in-the-Loop experiments in context of the FP7 DERri research infrastructure project.
Logical operations with Localized Structures
Creators: name: Jacobo, Adrian
name: Gomila, Damia
name: Matias, Manuel A.
name: Colet, Pere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how to exploit excitable regimes mediated by localized structures (LS) to perform AND, OR, and NOT logical operations providing full logical functionality. Our scheme is general and can be implemented in any physical system displaying LS. In particular, LS in nonlinear photonic devices can be used for all-optical computing applications where several reconfigurable logic gates can be implemented in the transverse plane of a single device, allowing for parallel computing.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
MiRNAs in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis
Creators: name: Kuchenbauer, Florian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in physiological as well as multiple malignant processes including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In an effort to gain further insight into the role of miRNAs in AML, we have applied the Illumina massively parallel sequencing platform to carry out an in depth analysis of the miRNA transcriptome in a murine leukemia progression model, based on the engineered over-expression of the nucleoporin 98(NUP98)-homeobox HOXD13 fusion gene (ND13), followed by conversion into AML inducing cells upon transduction with the oncogenic collaborator Meis1. Of the over 307 identified miRNA/miRNA* species in both libraries, sequence counts varied between 2 and 136,558, indicating a remarkable expression range. Our finding of extensive sequence variations (isomiRs) for almost all miRNA and miRNA* species adds additional complexity to the miRNA transcriptome. A stringent target prediction analysis coupled with in-vitro target validation revealed the potential for miRNA-mediated release of oncogenes that facilitates leukemic progression from the preleukemic to leukemia inducing state. Besides over 50 putative novel miRNAs, we found a high abundance of miRNA* species, implying a functional role for these. To further elucidate the function of miRNA*s, we took advantage of 9 deep sequencing libraries from a variety of cell lines to determine the most abundant complementary strand of know miRNAs. Comparing miRNA/miRNA* ratios across the miRNA sequence libraries revealed that most ratios remain constant across tissues and species, allowing a novel classification of miRNAs into α-duplexes, miRNAs duplexes with a dominant strand and β-duplexes with both strands being abundant. However, certain ratios were highly variable across the libraries examined as exemplified for the ratio of miR-223/miR-223*. Bioinformatics as well as functional analysis revealed a possible supporting function of miR-223* to the differentiating role of miR-223 in normal normal bone marrow as well as AML. Taken together, by using deep sequencing we provided deep insight into the changes of the miRNA transcriptome in the development of AML. Furthermore, we propose a new classification for miRNA duplexes and provide evidence for a possible role a miRNA* in the development of acute myeloid leukemia.