cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A ranklet-based CAD for digital mammography
Creators: name: Angelini, Enrico
name: Campanini, Renato
name: Iampieri, Emiro
name: Masotti, Matteo
name: Petkov, Todor
name: Roffilli, Matteo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: FIS/07 Fisica applicata (a beni culturali, ambientali, biologia e medicina)

description: A novel approach to the detection of masses and clustered
microcalcification is presented. Lesion detection is considered as a two-class
pattern recognition problem. In order to get an effective and stable
representation, the detection scheme codifies the image by using a ranklet
transform. The vectors of ranklet coefficients obtained are classified by means
of an SVM classifier. Our approach has two main advantages. First it does not
need any feature selected by the trainer. Second, it is quite stable, with respect
to the image histogram. That allows us to tune the detection parameters in one
database and use the trained CAD on other databases without needing any
adjustment. In this paper, training is accomplished on images coming from
different databases (both digitized and digital). Test results are calculated on
images coming from a few FFDM Giotto Image MD clinical units. The
sensitivity of our CAD system is about 85% with a false-positive rate of 0.5
marks per image.
Essays on the economics of market and regulatory enforcement in auditing
Creators: name: Gu, Ti
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Within the framework of classical auditing theory (Simunic, 1980), an auditor is motivated to exert more effort in the presence of greater litigation risk imposed by courts or regulators. A key element underexplored by literature based on the auditing theory is how the detection of audit failure or non-compliance of auditing standards. This dissertation uses two natural experiments to illustrate the importance of auditor misconduct detection. The first essay exploits mergers of brokerage houses in order to examine whether an exogenous loss in analyst coverage affects audit effort. Security analysts, who are considered to be sophisticated users of financial statements, scrutinize auditor-verified financial statements. I predict that a change in perceived analyst scrutiny will cause auditors to change the effort that they expend in achieving high auditing standards. Using the audit fee as the proxy for audit effort, I find that firms which lose an analyst experience a reduction in audit fees, compared to similar firms that do not lose an analyst. Moreover, this effect is stronger for smaller firms. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that analysts contribute to auditor discipline. The second essay of this thesis makes use of an announcement by the PCAOB on May 18, 2010, which indicates that the PCAOB oversight of foreign auditors has been restricted, as an exogenous shock, in order to identify the perceived effectiveness of cross-border enforcement of audit oversight. Analyzing a comprehensive sample of foreign companies registered with and reporting to the SEC, I document that 1) the “inability” announcement had a spillover effect: the stock market reacted negatively not only for companies mentioned in the “inability” list, but also for other U.S. listed foreign companies; 2) the market reactions to the announcement varied with companies’ home country institutional strength and firm-level characteristics; 3) US-listed foreign companies’ bid-ask spreads increased following the announcement and the changes in bid-ask spreads also varied with companies’ home country institutional features. The evidence supports a prediction of the theory developed herein: that the value creation of adherence to a stringent auditing regime should be more pronounced for companies from countries with weaker institutional strength.
Additional file 7 of Integration of CD34+CD117dim population signature improves the prognosis prediction of acute myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: Li, Xue-Ping
name: Zhang, Wei-Na
name: Mao, Jia-Ying
name: Zhao, Bai-Tian
name: Jiang, Lu
name: Gao, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Analysis of the immune gene marker (LAG3 and PDCD1) in the high- and low-risk group of 117DPS model in TCGA AML cohort (A) and Beat AML (B). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; Statistical significance was determined using two-sided Student's t test.
Exploring ranklets performances in mammographic mass classification using recursive feature elimination
Creators: name: Masotti, Matteo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: FIS/07 Fisica applicata (a beni culturali, ambientali, biologia e medicina)

description: The ranklet transform is a recently developed image processing technique characterized by a multi–resolution and orientation–selective approach similar to that of the wavelet transform. Yet, differently from the latter, it deals with pixels’ ranks rather than with their gray–level intensity values. In this work, the ranklet coefficients resulting from the application of the ranklet transform to regions of interest (ROIs) found on breast radiographic images are used as classification features to determine whether ROIs contain
mass or normal tissue. Performances are explored recursively eliminating some of the less discriminant ranklet coefficients
according to the cost function of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Experiments show good classification
performances (Az values of 0.976 ± 0.003) even after a significant reduction of the number of ranklet coefficients.
Multi-valued, singular stochastic evolution inclusions
Creators: name: Gess, Benjamin
name: Tölle, Jonas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D07, 60H15 (Primary) 35R60, 37L30 (Secondary)

description: We provide an abstract variational existence and uniqueness result for multi-valued, monotone, non-coercive stochastic evolution inclusions in Hilbert spaces with general additive and Wiener multiplicative noise. As examples we discuss certain singular diffusion equations such as the stochastic 1-Laplacian evolution (total variation flow) in all space dimensions and the stochastic singular fast diffusion equation. In case of additive Wiener noise we prove the existence of a unique weak-* mean ergodic invariant measure.
description: 39 pages, in press: J. Math. Pures Appl. (2013)
A new automatic pattern recognition approach for the classification of volcanic tremor at Mt. Etna, Italy
Creators: name: Masotti, Matteo
name: Falsaperla, Susanna
name: Langer, Horst
name: Spampinato, Salvo
name: Campanini, Renato
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: FIS/07 Fisica applicata (a beni culturali, ambientali, biologia e medicina)

description: In this study, an automatic pattern recognition approach is developed for the classification
of volcanic tremor at Mount Etna, Italy. A Support Vector Machine (SVM)
classifier is trained by means of a supervised learning algorithm to recognize time series
recorded during different states of the volcanic system. The classification of the
signal is based on the seismic data recorded at the three-component, broadband station
ESPD, located about 6 km southeast from the summit craters. In particular, we analyze
the data recorded throughout the 17 July - 9 August, 2001 flank eruption. This episode,
with its 23 days-long effusive activity, allows us to investigate thoughtfully the whole
development of the volcano unrest. Our analysis covers the time span from 1 July to
15 August, 2001, i.e., it includes several days before the onset and after the end of the
flank eruption. Up to 142 time series are extracted as windows of approximately 10
minutes for each component of station ESPD. Then spectrograms are calculated for
each time series applying a sliding window technique, and the values obtained averaging
the rows of each spectrogram are used as classification features. Following this
approach, the frequency content averaged over time is hence used for discriminating
different states of activity. In particular, we distinguish four stages, i.e., pre-eruptive,
lava fountains, eruptive and post-eruptive. Following a boot-strap strategy, we repeat
a random selection of the training set (ca. 80% of the entire data set) and testing set
(ca. 20%) 100 times. On the basis of the data set encompassing the three components
(426 examples), SVM correctly classifies 94.65 +/- 2.43% of the data. Classification
performances can be further improved by reducing the number of classes, namely
considering lava fountains as either pre-eruptive or eruptive states depending on their
position in time. In this case, SVM correctly classifies 97.25 +/- 1.63% of the data.
Einfluss der individuellen EEG-Amplitude auf die Qualität klinischer FAEP-Registrierungen
Creators: name: Knaus, Valerie
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audiometrie
subject: Akustisch evoziertes Potenzial
subject: 617.8075

description: In der pädaudiologischen Diagnostik nehmen Hörschwellenmessung mittels früher akustisch evozierter Potenziale (FAEP) einen wichtigen Platz ein. Besonders das Follow-up im Rahmen des Neugeborenen-Hörscreenings verlangt präzise bestimmte FAEP-Schwellen. Die Reststörung beschreibt die trotz optimaler Verarbeitung (Filterung, Mittelung) des an der Kopfhaut registrierten Signals übrigbleibende Störung. Sie hängt von der EEG-Amplitude und der Mittelungszahl ab. In der klinischen Routine werden Schlaf, Sedierung und Narkose eingesetzt, um die EEG-Amplitude während der FAEP-Messung zu reduzieren. Da es bisher keine quantitativen Vergleichsdaten für die wichtigsten klinisch verwendeten Ruhigstellungsarten gibt, war es das Ziel dieser Arbeit, den Einfluss verschiedener Ruhigstellungsarten (natürlicher Schlaf, Melatonin, Chloralhydrat und Intubationsnarkose) auf die EEG-Amplitude bei FAEP-Messungen quantitativ zu erfassen. Dafür wurde eine retrospektive Analyse von FAEP-Schwellenmessungen an Kindern (80) und von topodiagnostischen FAEP-Messungen an Erwachsenen (94) durchgeführt. Dabei wurde für jede FAEP-Registrierung die EEG-Amplitude aus Reststörung und Mittelungszahl geschätzt. Die Analyse der Schwellenmessungen ergab einen signifikanten Unterschied der EEG-Amplitude zwischen wachen und sedierten Kindern, jedoch wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Sedierungsarten gefunden. Für die klinische Praxis ergeben sich aus dieser Arbeit zwei wichtige Schlussfolgerungen: (1) Hörschwellenmessungen mit FAEP an wachen Kindern führen oft zu unverhältnismäßig langen Messzeiten. (2) Da es keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Effektivität der Ruhigstellungsart bei Kindern gibt, kann diese vom Arzt anhand des Alters und der Indikation gewählt werden.
False positive reduction in lung nodule computer-aided detection based on 3D ranklet transform
Creators: name: Masotti, Matteo
name: Petkov, Todor
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: FIS/07 Fisica applicata (a beni culturali, ambientali, biologia e medicina)

description: The purpose of this study is to develop a technique for reducing
the number of false positives affecting lung nodule
computer–aided detection in computed tomography (CT) images.
Contiguous 2D regions of interest found on segmented
lung areas from sections of a CT scan are merged to form
volumes of interest (VOIs). Feature vectors are then computed
by submitting each VOI to the 3D ranklet transform,
i.e., a non–parametric, orientation–selective and multi–resolution
transform developed and evaluated herein. Finally, a
support vector machine classifier is used to discriminate VOIs
containing nodules from those containing normal tissue. The
proposed approach is evaluated on data consisting of 25 nodules
marked by experienced thoracic radiologists and 1048
non–nodules randomly selected within the segmented lung
volume of healthy patients. By achieving 96% of sensitivity
at 1% of false positive fraction, leave–one–out performances
seem to be promising.
Singularities and nonhyperbolic manifolds do not coincide
Creators: name: Simanyi, Nandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37D50, 34D05

description: We consider the billiard flow of elastically colliding hard balls on the flat $ν$-torus ($ν\ge 2$), and prove that no singularity manifold can even locally coincide with a manifold describing future non-hyperbolicity of the trajectories. As a corollary, we obtain the ergodicity (actually the Bernoulli mixing property) of all such systems, i.e. the verification of the Boltzmann-Sinai Ergodic Hypothesis.
description: Final version, to appear in Nonlinearity
title: Utility of non-contrast MRA using VIBE method after cerebral aneurysm coil embolization.
Creators: name: Hoshino, Yukihiro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Vascular
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Aneurysms

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Cerebral aneurysm coils are magnetic bodies and cause MRA signal loss due to magnetic field fluctuations. Signal loss involves surrounding blood vessels and tissues. Therefore, in order to suppress the influence of magnetic susceptibility...
Ex-post Merger Evaluation in the UK Retail Market for Books
Creators: name: Aguzzoni, Luca
name: Argentesi, Elena
name: Ciari, Lorenzo
name: Duso, Tomaso
name: Tognoni, Massimo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper empirically evaluates the price effects of the merger of two major book retail chains in the UK: Waterstone’s and Ottakar’s. We employ differences-in-differences techniques and use a rich dataset containing monthly scanner data information on a sample of 200 books sold in 60 stores in 50 different local markets for a period of four years around the merger. Since retail mergers may have either local or national effects (or both) according to the level at which retail chains set prices, we undertake an ex-post assessment of the impact of the merger at both levels. At the local level, we compare the changes in the average price charged before and after the merger in the shops located in overlap areas –i.e. areas where both chains were present before the merger– and in non-overlap areas –i.e. areas where only one chain was present before the merger. At the national level, we employ two distinct control groups to evaluate the merger, namely the competitors and the top-selling titles. We find that the merger did not result in an increase in prices either at the local or at the national level. We also perform heterogeneous treatment effects estimations in order to assess whether the effect of the merger differs along various dimensions of heterogeneity that are present in our data.
Modular forms and period polynomials
Creators: name: Pasol, Vicentiu
name: Popa, Alexandru A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F11, 11F67, 11F27

description: We study the space of period polynomials associated with modular forms of integral weight for finite index subgroups of the modular group. For the modular group, this space is endowed with a pairing, corresponding to the Petersson inner product on modular forms via a formula of Haberland, and with an action of Hecke operators, defined algebraically by Zagier. We generalize Haberland's formula to (not necessarily cuspidal) modular forms for finite index subgroups, and we show that it conceals two stronger formulas. We extend the action of Hecke operators to period polynomials of modular forms, we show that the pairing on period polynomials appearing in Haberland's formula is nondegenerate, and we determine the adjoints of Hecke operators with respect to it. We give a few applications for $Γ_1(N)$: an extension of the Eichler-Shimura isomorphism to the entire space of modular forms; the determination of the relations satisfied by the even and odd parts of period polynomials associated with cusp forms, which are independent of the period relations; and an explicit formula for Fourier coefficients of Hecke eigenforms in terms of their period polynomials, generalizing the Coefficients Theorem of Manin.
description: 32 pages. Final version, with a minor error corrected compared with the published version: in Sec. 5.1, p.10, an extraneous characterization of the double coset $\Delta_n$ in item (1) has been removed; Proc. London Math. Soc., online first February 14, 2013
Moneycracy
Creators: name: Fedele, Alessandro
name: Giannoccolo, Pierpaolo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: How do wage and other financial benefits affect the set of candidates for political office? In this theoretical paper, we answer the question by studying self-selection into politics of individuals with heterogeneous skills and heterogeneous motivations. Our predictions are in line with the efficiency wage results proposed by the extant literature when a benchmark model with skills as the sole relevant characteristic of individuals is considered. Welfare is increasing in the politicians'wage since the best, i.e., high-skilled, individuals are attracted to politics only if their remuneration covers their high opportunity costs. Our findings are remarkably different when motivation is also taken into account. Welfare is not likely to be maximized when the politicians'wage is relatively high, for high-skilled individuals with market-oriented rather than public-spirited motivation are attracted. Finally, we provide an overview of the labor market of politicians in Europe and suggest that the Italian Parliament might be representative of our inefficiency wage mechanism, which we call moneycracy.
The fight against cartels: a transatlantic perspective
Creators: name: Dargaud, Emilie
name: Mantovani, Andrea
name: Carlo, Reggiani
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: The fight against cartels is a priority for antitrust authorities on both sides of the Atlantic. What differs between the EU and the US is not the basic toolkit for achieving deterrence, but to whom it is targeted. In the EU, pecuniary sanctions against the firm are the only instruments available to the Commission, while in the US criminal sanctions are also widely employed. The aim of this paper is to compare two different types of fines levied on managerial firms when they collude.
We consider a profit based fine as opposed to a delegation based fine, with the latter targeting the manager in a more direct way. Under the assumption of revenue equivalence, we find that the delegation based fine, although distortive, is more effective in deterring cartels than the profit based one. When evaluating social welfare, a trade-off between deterrence and output distortion can arise. However, if the antitrust authority focuses on consumer surplus, then the delegation based fine is to be preferred.
Small-time expansions for local jump-diffusion models with infinite jump activity
Creators: name: Figueroa-López, José E.
name: Luo, Yankeng
name: Ouyang, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider a Markov process $X$, which is the solution of a stochastic differential equation driven by a Lévy process $Z$ and an independent Wiener process $W$. Under some regularity conditions, including non-degeneracy of the diffusive and jump components of the process as well as smoothness of the Lévy density of $Z$ outside any neighborhood of the origin, we obtain a small-time second-order polynomial expansion for the tail distribution and the transition density of the process $X$. Our method of proof combines a recent regularizing technique for deriving the analog small-time expansions for a Lévy process with some new tail and density estimates for jump-diffusion processes with small jumps based on the theory of Malliavin calculus, flow of diffeomorphisms for SDEs, and time-reversibility. As an application, the leading term for out-of-the-money option prices in short maturity under a local jump-diffusion model is also derived.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/13-BEJ518 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Additional file 1 of Current use of inotropes in circulatory shock
Creators: name: Scheeren, Thomas W. L.
name: Bakker, Jan
name: Kaufmann, Thomas
name: Annane, Djillali
name: Asfar, Pierre
name: Boerma, E. Christiaan
name: Cecconi, Maurizio
name: Chew, Michelle S.
name: Cholley, Bernard
name: Cronhjort, Maria
name: De Backer, Daniel
name: Dubin, Arnaldo
name: Dünser, Martin W.
name: Duranteau, Jacques
name: Gordon, Anthony C.
name: Hajjar, Ludhmila A.
name: Hamzaoui, Olfa
name: Hernandez, Glenn
name: Kanoore Edul, Vanina
name: Koster, Geert
name: Landoni, Giovanni
name: Leone, Marc
name: Levy, Bruno
name: Martin, Claude
name: Mebazaa, Alexandre
name: Monnet, Xavier
name: Morelli, Andrea
name: Payen, Didier
name: Pearse, Rupert M.
name: Pinsky, Michael R.
name: Radermacher, Peter
name: Reuter, Daniel A.
name: Sakr, Yasser
name: Sander, Michael
name: Saugel, Bernd
name: Singer, Mervyn
name: Squara, Pierre
name: Vieillard-Baron, Antoine
name: Vignon, Philippe
name: Vincent, Jean-Louis
name: van der Horst, Iwan C. C.
name: Vistisen, Simon T.
name: Teboul, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of survey respondents.
A comparison of sequential and information-based methods for determining the co-integration rank in heteroskedastic VAR models
Creators: name: Cavaliere, Giuseppe
name: De Angelis, Luca
name: Rahbek, Anders
name: Taylor, A.M.Robert
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: In this paper we investigate the behaviour of a number of methods for estimating the co-integration rank in VAR systems characterized by heteroskedastic innovation processes.  In particular we compare the efficacy of the most widely used
information criteria, such as AIC and BIC, with the commonly used sequential approach of Johansen (1996) based around the use of either asymptotic or wild bootstrap-based likelihood ratio type tests. Complementing recent work done for the latter in Cavaliere, Rahbek and Taylor (2013, Econometric Reviews, forthcoming), we establish the asymptotic properties of the procedures based on information criteria in the presence of heteroskedasticity (conditional or unconditional) of a quite general and unknown form. The relative finite-sample properties of the different methods are investigated by means of a Monte Carlo simulation study. For the simulation DGPs considered in the analysis, we find that the BIC-based procedure and the bootstrap sequential test procedure deliver the best overall performance in terms of their frequency of selecting the correct co-integration rank across different values of the co-integration rank, sample size, stationary dynamics and models of heteroskedasticity.  Of these the wild bootstrap procedure is perhaps the more reliable overall since it avoids a significant tendency seen in the BIC-based method to over-estimate the co-integration rank in relatively small sample sizes.
Auswirkungen der transkutanen Vagusnervstimulation (tVNS) auf behaviorale und elektrophysiologische Indizes exekutiver Kontrolle
Creators: name: Barth, Daniel
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurophysiologie
subject: Vagus
subject: 612.804

description: Das Potenzial der transkutanen Vagusnervstimulation (tVNS) zur klinisch-therapeutischen Behandlung sowie zur Verbesserung der exekutiven Kontrolle (EK) konnte bereits in einigen Studien gezeigt werden. Auch existieren bereits einige EEG-Studien, wobei aber bisher noch nicht der Einfluss der tVNS auf das frontozentral mediale Theta (FMϴ), das sensomotorische Beta (SMβ) und die Error-Related Negativity (ERN) untersucht wurde, EEG-Parameter, welche mit der EK in Zusammenhang stehen. Daher untersuchten wir in dieser Studie den Einfluss der tVNS auf die EK und die beschriebenen EEG-Parameter in einem „Cued-Go-NoGo-Change-Paradigma“ in einer einfach verblindeten, placebo-kontrollierten Within-Subjects-Studie. 22 junge gesunde Erwachsene nahmen an der Studie teil. Die tVNS erfolgte transaurikulär an der Cymba conchae. Wir fanden einen globalen Anstieg der Genauigkeit unter tVNS sowie reduzierte Wechselkosten in Go/Wechsel-Antwortkonflikten. Generell ließ sich in Antwortkonfliktsituationen ein starker FMϴ-Anstieg verzeichnen. In Stopp-Durchgängen, die Go/Stopp-Antwortkonflikte hervorriefen, wurde die FMϴ-Aktivität durch tVNS verstärkt. Der Verlauf der SMβ-Aktivität und die ERN wurden nicht signifikant durch die tVNS beeinflusst. Unsere Studie bestätigt somit die Hypothese, dass tVNS die EK, insbesondere das Set-Shifting, verbessern kann. Der von uns gefundene tVNS-induzierte transiente FMϴ-Anstieg, ein Marker für Top-down-Kontrolle und Konfliktüberwachung, liefert auch neurophysiologische Hinweise auf eine Modulation der EK. Aus dem fehlenden Einfluss der tVNS auf die SMβ-Aktivität und die ERN lässt sich schließen, dass die tVNS nicht wesentlich mit Bewegungsvorbereitungsprozessen und der Fehlerüberwachung interagiert.
Thermal decomposition of a honeycomb-network sheet - A Molecular Dynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Paturej, J.
name: Popova, H.
name: Milchev, A.
name: Vilgis, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal degradation of a graphene-like two-dimensional triangular membrane with bonds undergoing temperature-induced scission is studied by means of Molecular Dynamics simulation using Langevin thermostat. We demonstrate that the probability distribution of breaking bonds is highly peaked at the rim of the membrane sheet at lower temperature whereas at higher temperature bonds break at random anywhere in the hexagonal flake. The mean breakage time $τ$ is found to decrease with the total number of network nodes $N$ by a power law $τ\propto N^{-0.5}$ and reveals an Arrhenian dependence on temperature $T$. Scission times are themselves exponentially distributed. The fragmentation kinetics of the average number of clusters can be described by first-order chemical reactions between network nodes $n_i$ of different coordination. The distribution of fragments sizes evolves with time elapsed from a $δ$-function through a bimodal one into a single-peaked again at late times. Our simulation results are complemented by a set of $1^{st}$-order kinetic differential equations for $n_i$ which can be solved exactly and compared to data derived from the computer experiment, providing deeper insight into the thermolysis mechanism.
description: 21pages, 9 figures, LaTeX, revised version
Analyse der postoperativen Infektionen nach arteriellen Rekonstruktionen der unteren Extremitäten
Creators: name: Vo-Schwarz, Thi To Nga
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gefäßchirurgie
subject: Postoperative Phase
subject: Wundinfektion
subject: 617.58

description: Das Ziel dieser Arbeit bestand in der Analyse möglicher Risikofaktoren für Wundinfektionen nach Operationen an Arterien der unteren Extremität. Weiterhin sollte durch Vergleich der Patienten zweier Jahre ermittelt werden, ob die zwischenzeitlich eingeleiteten Veränderungen der Hygienestandards zu einer niedrigeren Wundinfektionsrate geführt haben. Hierzu wurden insgesamt 353 Patienten des Arbeitsbereiches Gefäßchirurgie der Universitätsklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Gefäß- und Transplantationschirurgie der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg aus den Jahren 2014-2016 mit Hilfe der elektronischen Patientenakte prospektiv im Rahmen der gesetzlichen Qualitätssicherung und retrospektiv durch Erfassung zusätzlicher Parameter eingeschlossen. Mittels multipler Regression konnte der Body-Mass-Index als mit Wundinfektionen assoziierter Risikofaktor identifiziert werden. Die Anwesenheit eines Gastarztes, der Hämoglobin-Wert vor der Operation, die Verwendung autologen Materials für die Gefäßrekonstruktion und die standardmäßige Verabreichung von Single-shot-Antibiotika waren hingegen negativ (>protektiv<) mit einer möglichen Wundinfektion assoziiert. Mögliche kausale Zusammenhänge werden von dem Hintergrund dieser Ergebnisse diskutiert. Mittels matched-pairs-Vergleich konnte eine signifikante Senkung der postoperativen Wundinfektionsrate von 23% im Jahr 2014 auf nur noch 11% im Jahr 2015 bestätigt werden. Somit konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein intensiviertes Hygieneregime die Infektionszahlen deutlich reduzierte. Hierbei schienen die räumliche und personelle Trennung der Patienten der Gefäßchirurgie von Patienten anderer Fachabteilungen, die Schulung der Mitarbeiter und die kontinuierliche Zusammenarbeit mit dem Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg eine entscheidende Rolle zu spielen. Diese Maßnahmen müssen stetig kontrolliert und aktualisiert werden, damit der Erfolg Bestand hat. Andere Faktoren, die sich als signifikant herausgestellt haben, lassen sich jedoch nur schwer beeinflussen, da diese vom Patienten vorgegeben sind.
Der neuroprotektive Effekt von Ly6G in einem Schlaganfall-Modell : eine Phänotypisierung
Creators: name: Nolte, Niklas
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Schlaganfall
subject: Biomarker
subject: Maus
subject: 616.81

description: Mikroglia-Zellen erhalten die immunologische Integrität des Gehirns und schützen vor neuronaler Schädigung. Während ischämischer Gewebeschäden, wie sie beim Schlaganfall vorkommen, infiltrieren periphere Immunzellen in das ischämische Areal und fördern die Degeneration von Neuronen. Diese neuropathogene Funktion von Neutrophilen Granulozyten, auch Polymorphonukleare Neutrophile (PMN) genannt, bei neuro-immunologischen Prozessen wird in vielen Studien kontrovers diskutiert. Diese Studie identifiziert Ly6G, einen murinen neutrophilen Oberflächenmarker als einen wesentlichen Regulator bei der Interaktion zwischen Neutrophilen Granulozyten und Mikroglia-Zellen. Am transgenen Mausmodell CatchupIVM-red konnten wir in einem Schlaganfall-Modell qualitativ und quantitativ die PMN-Infiltration, eine mikrogliale Phagozytose und das Ausmaß des daraus resultierenden parenchymalen Schadens in vitro und in vivo untersucht werden. Die Beobachtungen zeigen, dass die neuroprotektive Funktion von Ly6G einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf das Outcome einer zerebralen Ischämie in einem Mausmodell hat. Eine Humanrelevanz ist bislang ungeklärt.
Embedded rule change : network exposure and clinical practice guideline revisions
Creators: name: Zhu, Kejia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The primary goal of this study is to explore the effects of rule networks on rule change. Organizational rules are often interdependent with other rules that govern related subtasks, workflows, actors, and organizational subunits. Therefore, rules shape the context for the use of related rules, and they can impede or intensify the change of related rules. Even though prior research has suggested that organizational rules are interdependent and can affect each other, the relationship between rule interdependence and rule change has not been systematically studied so far. This study is the first attempt to explore this relationship directly and empirically. I focus on rule interdependencies that have been articulated and formalized as citation ties between rules. Citation ties link interdependent rules together into directed rule networks. I adopt an ego network approach and examine how shifts of characteristics of individual rules’ inbound citation networks affect their revisions. I argue that when rules are cited by other rules, they become exposed to the experiences arising from citing rules’ contexts. Because different rules serve different roles, those experiences can be incongruous to the experiences in their own contexts. This can produce tensions, which I refer to as rule strain, for the cited rules. Rule strain produces change impulses that intensify rule revisions. Shifts in rule networks can shape the exposure of individual rules to rule strain and thereby affect their revision rates. I identified four important dimensions of exposure and developed hypotheses of their effects on rule change: network exposure (presence of an inbound network), exposure intensity (network size), exposure nonredundancy (network density) and exposure newness (occurrence of network change events, i.e., arrival of new ties, revisions of citing rules). I test my hypotheses with data extracted from the archives of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) of a Canadian regional healthcare organization, spanning the years from 1989 to 2010. I find strong evidence that rule networks affect rule change. Becoming cited by others significantly increases individual rules’ rate of revision. Moreover, I also find significant effects of network density and occurrence of network change events, but no systematic effect of network size.
Constructing validity for capabilities-related indicators
Creators: name: Tinonin, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: Amartya Sen’s approach to Welfare Economics argues evaluation of individual advantage should occur
in the informational space of the freedom of choice individuals have in achieving valuable human
functionings, that is in the space of capabilities. Furthermore, the identification of what is valuable
involves taking into account ethical reasoning in the explanation of actual human behaviour, that is
agency freedom, as well as the variety of human values. Despite of the recognition of such contribution
to Economic Theory, unavailability of appropriate data and indicators challenges empirical
investigations. This paper aims at overcoming such shortcoming through an assessment of the validity
of an indicator measuring agency freedom as empowered autonomous choice. The empirical
investigation is conducted on a random sample of 136 women in a rural patriarchal village in Uttar
Pradesh, India, through a multi-topic survey instrument. Results indicate agency freedom differs across
domains. In particular, individuals ranking high in the domain of resources simultaneously rank lower
in the domain of empowerment. Furthermore, empirical evidence suggests a phenomenon of social
exclusion of those more autonomous. Therefore, policy prescriptions at the community level identify
enhancing collective capabilities as a viable strategy to accommodate the simultaneous coexistence of
empowerment and social inclusion as well as the enhancement of principles of social justice rooted in a
freedom-related metric.
Magnetic Phase Transition and Relaxation Effects in LiFePO4
Creators: name: Sundarayya, Y.
name: Bansal, C.
name: Sunandana, C. S.
name: Mishra, Ajay Kumar
name: Brand, Richard A.
name: Hahn, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of para - antiferromagnetic transition at ~ 50 K in lithium iron phosphate, LiFePO4 through DC magnetization and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The Ferrous ion Fe2+ (3d6, 5D) in LiFePO4 exhibits relaxation effects with a relaxation frequency ~1.076 \times 10(rise to 7) s-1 at 300 K. The temperature dependence of the frequency suggests the origin of the relaxation is spin-lattice type. The quadrupole splitting at low temperatures indicates the excited orbital states mix strongly to the orbital doublet ground state via spin-orbit coupling. Modified molecular field model analysis yields a saturation value for hyperfine field ~125 kOe. The anomaly in magnetization and Mössbauer parameters below 27 K may be ascribed to contribution of orbital angular momentum. The high value of the asymmetry parameter (η ~ 0.8) of the electric field gradient obtained in the antiferromagnetic regime indicates a strongly distorted octahedral oxygen neighbourhood for the ferrous sites.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables and Submitted to Physical Review B
Berufliche Belastungen und psychische Gesundheit bei Bankangestellten mit Verdacht auf eine Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung
Creators: name: Wonneberger, Antje
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsbelastung
subject: Psychische Belastung
subject: Posttraumatisches Stresssyndrom
subject: Bankangestellter
subject: 616.9803

description: Arbeitsbedingte Erkrankungen sind im Dienstleistungsgewerbe eine häufige Ursache von Arbeitsunfähigkeitsfällen und vorzeitigen Berentungen und führen zu erheblichen volkswirtschaftlichen Kosten. Vor allem die Ursachen für die Entstehung psychischer arbeitsbedingter Erkrankungen sind wissenschaftlich nicht vollständig geklärt, jedoch von hohem Interesse für präventivmedizinische Ansätze. Die Tätigkeit in einer Bank ist durch hohe alltägliche Stressbelastung gekennzeichnet. Banküberfälle sind zwar eine seltene, jedoch präsente Gefahr und können zur Entstehung einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) bei Bankangestellten (BA) führen. Ziel der Untersuchungen war die Erfassung alltäglicher Belastungsfaktoren, des aktuellen Gesundheitszustandes und von Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen, um interne Ressourcen der BA aufzudecken. Außerdem sollen die Auswirkungen eines potenziell traumatischen Ereignisses auf BA analysiert werden. In der Studie wurden 104 BA aus Bankfilialen in Magdeburg und der näheren Umgebung untersucht. Es kamen Befragungsinstrumentarien zum Einsatz, die der Erfassung der Arbeitsbelastungen und Erfahrungen mit traumatischen Ereignissen, der subjektiven Einschätzung des Gesundheitszustands und Ermittlung der Persönlichkeitsmerkmale dienen. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass BA vordergründig psychischen Arbeitsbelastungen im Alltag ausgesetzt sind. Die stärksten gesundheitlichen Einschränkungen zeigen BA, die ein potenziell traumatisches Ereignis erlebt haben. Bei drei BA wird die Diagnose einer PTBS als wahrscheinlich angesehen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse sollen in die Erarbeitung arbeitsmedizinischer Präventionsmaßnahmen einfließen.
The genetics of whitefly resistance in tomato
Creators: name: Devi, Micha Gracianna
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Bemisia tabaci führen zu schwerwiegenden wirtschaftlichen Folgen, da sie den Tomatenertrag beeinträchtigen, in dem sie sich von Blättern ernähren und Pflanzenviren übertragen. Die Züchtung durch Introgression von Chromosomenfragmenten aus resistenten Wildarten bietet eine mögliche Lösung zur Entwicklung von Varietäten, die gegen B. tabaci resistent sind. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Auswirkungen einer Infektion mit B. tabaci auf zwei Populationen von S. habrochaites sp. glabratum x S. lycopersicum durch phänotypische und genotypische Beobachtung von Tomatenblättern, sowie biochemische Analysen unter Verwendung von ungezielter Metabolomik, untersucht. Diese Studie zeigt, dass die Integration verschiedener Ansätze und Techniken einschließlich Metabolomik, Genomik und Transkriptomik erforderlich ist, um die Komplexität der Resistenz von Tomaten gegenüber B. tabaci zu entschlüsseln.
description: Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) have serious economic consequences as they impact tomato yield via feeding on leaves and vectoring plant viruses. Breeding by introgression of chromosome fragments from resistant wild tomato species, such as Solanum habrochaites, provides a potential solution to develop whitefly resistant varieties. The response of two populations of S. habrochaites sp. glabratum x S. lycopersicum against whitefly infection was evaluated using phenotypic and genotypic observation of tomato leaves as well as biochemical analyses using untargeted metabolomics by liquid and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. This study shows that integration of different approaches and techniques including metabolomics, genomics, and transcriptomics is required to unravel the complexity of tomato resistance traits to whitefly resistance.
Employment Reallocation and Unemployment Revisited: A Quantile Regression Approach
Creators: name: Panagiotidis, Theodore
name: Pelloni, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica
SECS-P/02 Politica economica
SECS-P/06 Economia applicata

description: This study revisits the sectoral shifts hypothesis for the US for the period 1948 to 2011. A quantile regression approach is employed in order to investigate the asymmetric nature of the relationship between sectoral employment and unemployment. Significant asymmetries emerge. Lilien’s dispersion index is significant only for relatively high levels of unemployment and becomes insignificant for low levels suggesting that reallocation affects unemployment only when the latter is high. More job reallocation is associated with higher unemployment.
Additional file 2 of Comparative efficacy of pharmacological agents on reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in the hypertriglyceridemia population: a network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Qi, Yan-yan
name: Yan, Li
name: Wang, Zhong-min
name: Wang, Xi
name: Meng, Hua
name: Li, Wen-bo
name: Chen, Dong-chang
name: Li, Meng
name: Liu, Jun
name: An, Song-tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The full names of the included studies and details of the MACE assessments.
Fermi surface local geometry and anomalous quantum transport
Creators: name: Derunova, Elena
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Berechnungsmethoden der topologischen Physik mit den Befunden der modernen Geometrie auf Riemannschen Mannigfaltigkeiten zusammengeführt. Die Fermi-Fläche als riemannsche Mannigfaltigkeit lässt sich lokal in drei geometrische Typen einteilen: elliptisch, hyperbolisch und euklidisch. Im semiklassischen Leitungstheorie wird die Fermi-Fläche zur Vorhersage von Transporteigenschaften von Materialien als Reaktion auf angelegte Felder verwendet, so dass ihr geometrischer Typ einen Typ der Reaktion definiert. In dieser Arbeit wurden insbesondere die Korrelationen zwischen dem hyperbolischen Typ und dem anomalen Hall-Effekt gefunden und vorgestellt. Ein Index, HF, der die Konzentration von lokal hyperbolischen Bereichen der Fermi-Fläche beschreibt, zeigt eine universelle Korrelation mit dem experimentell gemessenen intrinsischen anomalen Hall-Effekt von 16 verschiedenen Materialien, die eine große Vielfalt von Kristallen umfassen. Diese Arbeit legt den Grundstein für die Entwicklung einer vollständigen Theorie des geometrischen Verständnisses der elektronischen Struktur, beginnend mit Fermi-Flächen.
description: In the present work the computational methods of topological physics have been merged with the results from modern geometry on Riemannian manifolds. The Fermi surface as a Reimenaian manifold can be classified locally into 3 geometrical types: elliptic, hyperbolic and Euclidian. In semiclassical transport approach Fermi surface is used to predict transport properties of materials in a response to applied fields, so its geometrical type defines a type of the response. Particularly, the correlations between hyperbolic type and the anomalous Hall effect have been found and presented in this work. An index, HF describing the concentration of locally hyperbolic areas of the FS, and it shows a universal correlation with the experimentally measured intrinsic anomalous Hall effect of 16 different compounds spanning a wide variety of crystals. This work lays the foundation for developing a complete theory of geometrical understanding of electronic structure, beginning with Fermi Surfaces.
Langage et travail / Linguaggio e lavoro
Creators: name: Faïta, Daniel
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: L-LIN/01 Glottologia e linguistica
M-PED/01 Pedagogia generale e sociale
M-PSI/06 Psicologia del lavoro e delle organizzazioni
SECS-P/10 Organizzazione aziendale
SPS/08 Sociologia dei processi culturali e comunicativi
SPS/09 Sociologia dei processi economici e del lavoro

description: Following a seminar concerning Daniel Faita's Theory of linguistic activity, held at the University of Milano in February 2013, several researchers transposed in written form their comments, and the author did the same with his responses. This publication includes a summary of the invited author's introductory conference, the comments to his theory, and his replies.
La malattia tra economia e welfare
Creators: name: Casale, Davide
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: IUS/07 Diritto del lavoro

description: Sommario: 1. Introduzione. – 2. Le plurime accezioni. – 3. L’organizzazione della sanità. – 4. Recenti tendenze nel lavoro privato. – 5. Segue: e nel pubblico impiego. – 6. Conclusione. – Bibliografia essenziale.
Entwicklung eines orthotopen NOD/SCID-Mausmodells zur Untersuchung des Cholangiokarzinom und einer möglichen Therapie mit genetisch modifizierten mesenchymalen Stammzellen
Creators: name: Sen Gupta, Arvid
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gallengangkrebs
subject: Mesenchymzelle
subject: 616.99436

description: Das Cholangiokarzinom ist noch immer eine schwer zu behandelnde Tumorentität, welche annäherungsweise zehn Prozent der primär in der Leber lokalisierten Tumoren darstellt und mit einer hohen Mortalitätsrate einhergeht. Neben der chirurgischen Intervention, welche für ausgewählte Fälle eine Verbesserung des Gesamtüberlebens bietet, sollten allerdings weitere Therapieoptionen erarbeitet werden. Hier setzt die vorgelegte Arbeit an. Im Vordergrund stand die Entwicklung eines Mausmodells zur Untersuchung eines intrahepatischen Cholangiokarzinoms. Zudem stand die Evaluation einer möglichen Therapie mit genetisch modifizierten humanen mesenchymalen Stammzellen (hMSC) und die wechselseitige Beeinflussung mit Cholangiokarzinomzelllinien (CCC) im Fokus. Es ist gelungen, mit dem orthotopen NOD/SCID-Mausmodells eine Grundlage zur Untersuchung des Cholangiokarzinoms zu entwickeln und ausgewählte Aspekte der Interaktion von hMSC und CCC herauszuarbeiten.