cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The TRAPPIST-1 JWST Community Initiative
Creators: name: Gillon, Michaël
name: Meadows, Victoria
name: Agol, Eric
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Deming, Drake
name: Doyon, René
name: Fortney, Jonathan
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Owen, James
name: Selsis, Franck
name: de Wit, Julien
name: Lustig-Yaeger, Jacob
name: Rackham, Benjamin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The upcoming launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) combined with the unique features of the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system should enable the young field of exoplanetology to enter into the realm of temperate Earth-sized worlds. Indeed, the proximity of the system (12pc) and the small size (0.12 Rsun) and luminosity (0.05 Lsun) of its host star should make the comparative atmospheric characterization of its seven transiting planets within reach of an ambitious JWST program. Given the limited lifetime of JWST, the ecliptic location of the star that limits its visibility to 100d per year, the large number of observational time required by this study, and the numerous observational and theoretical challenges awaiting it, its full success will critically depend on a large level of coordination between the involved teams and on the support of a large community. In this context, we present here a community initiative aiming to develop a well-defined sequential structure for the study of the system with JWST and to coordinate on every aspect of its preparation and implementation, both on the observational (e.g. study of the instrumental limitations, data analysis techniques, complementary space-based and ground-based observations) and theoretical levels (e.g. model developments and comparison, retrieval techniques, inferences). Depending on the outcome of the first phase of JWST observations of the planets, this initiative could become the seed of a major JWST Legacy Program devoted to the study of TRAPPIST-1.
description: Comments and suggestions are welcome and can be addressed to "t1jwstci_board@u.washington.edu". 23 pages, 8 figures
Quantifying the Momentum Correlation between Two Light Beams by Detecting One
Creators: name: Hochrainer, Armin
name: Lahiri, Mayukh
name: Lapkiewicz, Radek
name: Lemos, Gabriela B.
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the transverse momentum correlation between two photons by detecting only one of them. Our method uses two identical sources in an arrangement, in which the phenomenon of induced coherence without induced emission is observed. In this way, we produce an interference pattern in the superposition of one beam from each source. We quantify the transverse momentum correlation by analyzing the visibility of this pattern. Our approach might be useful for the characterization of correlated photon pair sources and may lead to an experimental measure of continuous variable entanglement, which relies on the detection of only one of two entangled particles.
Peculiar thermal states in the first-order thermodynamics of gravity
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Giusti, Andrea
name: Jose, Sonia
name: Giardino, Serena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the recently proposed first-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity, we discuss the possibility of zero-temperature states of equilibrium other than Einstein gravity, including pathological Brans-Dicke theory, Palatini $f(R)$ gravity, and cuscuton gravity, all with non-dynamical scalar fields. The formalism is extended to Nordström gravity, which contains only a scalar degree of freedom and has negative temperature relative to general relativity.
description: 10 pages, latex
Chemical studies of reforestation woods from Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Pilotti, Carmel A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Technology Mapping Approach to the Value Proposition for Agri-food Firms and Supply Chains of Digital Transformation
Creators: name: Baker, Derek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Digital Transformation
subject: Agri-food
subject: Value Proposition
subject: Technology Mapping.

description: Despite the promise of substantial gains from digital transformation, its incidence remains low in the agri-food sector and the broader food system. Understanding of the transformation process is somewhat well developed, but not as it occurs on farms and in agri-food supply chains. Contemporary pressures on the agri-food sectors advocated for improvements in multiple facets of performance. Digital technologies are increasingly looked to as a means of performance improvement. Practical interpretation of the value proposition offered by digital technology to the agri-food sector has not been implemented as a generalisable decision tool. Sustainability, resilience, and natural cycles for material and energy are of increasing performance relevance but have not been analytically linked to agri-food’s digital transformation. Quantification of benefits and costs has not been widely attempted. The current paper presents an empirical study employing technology mapping to quantify costs and benefits of technological change in the agri-food system. It identifies Research and Development impetus for change by mapping research output to high value technologies for a selection of industries. Particular emphasis is given to production tasks amenable to digital adoption, and to the transformations generating subsequent value within and beyond the adopter’s enterprise. Decision tools are developed to guide investment by private, public and industry stakeholders, in response to forms and magnitudes of benefit and cost. This paper outlines the methodology used, preliminary results, and prototype decision tools. Conflicts arising between performance metrics are identified and solutions proposed. The implications for stakeholders of a more visible and quantifiable value proposition for digital transformation are discussed in the contexts of received opinion about the effects of digital agriculture and the current and strategic needs of firms, industry and society.
Performance of TPC detector prototype integrated with UV laser tracks for the circular collider
Creators: name: Yuan, Z. Y.
name: Qi, H. R.
name: Chang, Y.
name: Yu, L. W.
name: Cai, Y. M.
name: Zhang, H. Y.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Ouyang, Q.
name: Li, Y. L.
name: Deng, Z.
name: Gong, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several new experimental concepts in high-energy particle physics have been proposed in recent years. The physical goals include precisely measuring the properties of particles such as Higgs, Z and W, and even looking for signs of new physics at future colliders. To meet the evolving requirements for particle track detector, Time Projection Chamber(TPC) detector prototype integrated with a UV laser track system was developed for the main track detector at Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC). This prototype consists of 6 horizontal laser tracks around TPC detector chamber, a fast electronics readout of 1280 channels, a GEM detector with $200\times 200\,mm^2$ active area, and the DAQ system. The hit resolution, dE/dx resolution and drift velocity were studied by measuring and analyzing using the TPC prototype and UV laser tracks. The dE/dx resolution of the prototype was measured to be $(8.9\pm0.4)\,\%$. Extrapolating this to CEPC TPC with 220 layers and longer track, the resolution was estimated to be $(3.36\pm0.26)\,\%$. All results indicated that the TPC detector prototype integrated with UV laser tracks can work well.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Perturbative path-integral of string field and the $A_{\infty }$ structure of the BV master equation
Creators: name: Masuda, Toru
name: Matsunaga, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The perturbative path-integral gives a morphism of the (quantum) $A_{\infty }$ structure intrinsic to each quantum field theory, which we show explicitly on the basis of the homological perturbation. As is known, in the BV formalism, any effective action also solves the BV master equation, which implies that the path-integral can be understood as a morphism of the BV differential. Since each solution of the BV master equation is in one-to-one correspondence with a (quantum) $A_{\infty }$ structure, the path-integral preserves this intrinsic $A_{\infty }$ structure of quantum field theory, where $A_{\infty }$ reduces to $L_{\infty }$ whenever multiplications of space-time fields are graded commutative. We apply these ideas to string field theory and (re-)derive some quantities based on the perturbative path-integral, such as effective theories with finite $α^{\prime }$, reduction of gauge and unphysical degrees, $S$-matrix and gauge invariant observables.
description: (v3) 52 pages, new section and subsections added, text improved and corrected, published version; (v2) 41 pages, appendix added
Deamination and D-homoannulation reactions of steroids and related model compounds : a stereochemical study
Creators: name: Vanni, Stephen Peter.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Improving medical equipment management in alert center a pre and post interventional study, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Asfaw, Senait
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Medical equipment management play a great role to function a hospital in a maximum capacity. In hospital medical equipment management has several domains such as, planning and assessment of needs, procurement, training, operation, maintenance, decommissioning and disposal and ensure performance within the accepted standards, safe and effective use. In Alert center there is a gap on Ethiopian Hospital Transformation Guideline standard on medical equipment management from baseline assessment 40% of standard are met 60% of standards are not met. Objectives: To improve the management of medical equipment standard from 40% to 80% by implementing an intervention at ALERT center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Apre post hospital interventional study will be conducted. All health care providers working in the selected units and directly involved in medical equipment management were included in the study. Result: Compliance with Ethiopian Hospitals Service Transformation Guideline (EHSTG) standards for medical equipment management show improvement from 40% to 80%.The result showed that one month implementation of the selected strategies have significant improvement on medical equipment management in ALERT center. Conclusion: The findings of this capstone project shows that the strategies were effective and showed an improvement on medical equipment management in the center. However, the hospital management needs to develop long term strategies to strengthening the medical equipment management and staff capability building.
Quantum Neural Network Classifiers: A Tutorial
Creators: name: Li, Weikang
name: Lu, Zhide
name: Deng, Dong-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning has achieved dramatic success over the past decade, with applications ranging from face recognition to natural language processing. Meanwhile, rapid progress has been made in the field of quantum computation including developing both powerful quantum algorithms and advanced quantum devices. The interplay between machine learning and quantum physics holds the intriguing potential for bringing practical applications to the modern society. Here, we focus on quantum neural networks in the form of parameterized quantum circuits. We will mainly discuss different structures and encoding strategies of quantum neural networks for supervised learning tasks, and benchmark their performance utilizing Yao.jl, a quantum simulation package written in Julia Language. The codes are efficient, aiming to provide convenience for beginners in scientific works such as developing powerful variational quantum learning models and assisting the corresponding experimental demonstrations.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables
SWAG Newsletter (March, 1978)
Creators: name: Group, Victoria Status Of Women Action
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Women--Legal status, laws, etc.
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176824
subject: Women--Employment--Law and legislation
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176724
subject: Sex discrimination against women
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1114376
subject: Feminism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/922671
subject: Women--Social conditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176947
subject: Women--Economic conditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176665
subject: Women's rights
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1178818
subject: Women--Societies and clubs
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176970
subject: Women
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176568

description: The Victoria chapter of the Status of Women Action Group (SWAG) was formed in 1971 in response to the 1970 Report of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women. SWAG is a feminist organization that promotes economic, political and social equality and freedom for women. It is a non-profit society with several committees working on specific issues of concern to women. The group is an active member of the BC and Yukon Association of Women's Centres and the National Action Committee on the Status of Women.
Fuzzy Logic in Narrow Sense with Hedges
Creators: name: Le, Van Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classical logic has a serious limitation in that it cannot cope with the issues of vagueness and uncertainty into which fall most modes of human reasoning. In order to provide a foundation for human knowledge representation and reasoning in the presence of vagueness, imprecision, and uncertainty, fuzzy logic should have the ability to deal with linguistic hedges, which play a very important role in the modification of fuzzy predicates. In this paper, we extend fuzzy logic in narrow sense with graded syntax, introduced by Novak et al., with many hedge connectives. In one case, each hedge does not have any dual one. In the other case, each hedge can have its own dual one. The resulting logics are shown to also have the Pavelka-style completeness
description: 10 pages, International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 8, No 3, June 2016
Deconstructing scaling virial identities in General Relativity: spherical symmetry and beyond
Creators: name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Oliveira, João M. S.
name: Pombo, Alexandre M.
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Derrick-type virial identities, obtained via dilatation (scaling) arguments, have a variety of applications in field theories. We deconstruct such virial identities in relativistic gravity showing how they can be recast as self-evident integrals of appropriate combinations of the equations of motion. In spherical symmetry, the appropriate combination and gauge choice guarantee the geometric part can be integrated out to yield a master form of the virial identity as a non-trivial energy-momentum balance condition, valid for both asymptotically flat black holes and self-gravitating solitons, for any matter model. Specifying the matter model we recover previous results obtained via the scaling procedure. We then discuss the more general case of stationary, axi-symmetric, asymptotically flat black hole or solitonic solutions in General Relativity, for which a master form for their virial identity is proposed, in a specific gauge but regardless of the matter content. In the flat spacetime limit, the master virial identity for both the spherical and axial cases reduces to a balance condition for the principal pressures, discussed by Deser.
description: 14 pages
Nuclear global spaces of ultradifferentiable functions in the matrix weighted setting
Creators: name: Boiti, Chiara
name: Jornet, David
name: Oliaro, Alessandro
name: Schindl, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46A04, 46A45, 26E10

description: We prove that the Hermite functions are an absolute Schauder basis for many global weighted spaces of ultradifferentiable functions in the matrix weighted setting and we determine also the corresponding coefficient spaces, thus extending previous work by Langenbruch. As a consequence we give very general conditions for these spaces to be nuclear. In particular, we obtain the corresponding results for spaces defined by weight functions.
Sleep Divorce: A New Emerging Trend Among Present Generation – An Analysis
Creators: name: Dr.Himanshu Rastogi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: India has always been recognised as peace loving and relation caring nation wherein there is no space forhate. Being Hindu majority country, the Hindu culture and history has always recognised marriage asmatching of souls promoting not only physical and sexual interaction but bonding of two souls based onlove, affection and sharing along with caring of emotions. In Hindu culture marriage is bonding not onlyfor this birth but we commit to live together for next seven births to follow. Indian culture does notrecognised divorce at all. But, with the globalization of economy and interaction with different religiousgroups, of late cases of divorce and separation are on high, and Hindus are also not spared of this changingculture. Today we live in an era of live-in relationship, people becoming intolerable and giving divorce orbeing separated even on pity issues. Apart from it a new concept has emerged in the so-called advancedeconomy, which is called as sleep-divorce, and this is gaining popularity in India too. The paper tries tounderstand the concept of Sleep-divorce, reasons for its emergence along with merits and demerits of thisnew concept. The paper is based on secondary source of information based on articles, news and othermaterial available in electronic form.
Amalgamation bases in the class of all semigroups
Creators: name: Hassan, W. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
How to quench a galaxy
Creators: name: Pontzen, Andrew
name: Tremmel, Michael
name: Roth, Nina
name: Peiris, Hiranya V.
name: Saintonge, Amélie
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Quinn, Tom
name: Governato, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the interplay between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and merger history determines whether a galaxy quenches star formation at high redshift. We first simulate, in a full cosmological context, a galaxy of total dynamical mass $10^{12}\,M_{\odot}$ at $z=2$. Then we systematically alter the accretion history of the galaxy by minimally changing the linear overdensity in the initial conditions. This "genetic modification" approach allows the generation of three sets of $Λ$CDM initial conditions leading to maximum merger ratios of 1:10, 1:5 and 2:3 respectively. The changes leave the final halo mass, large scale structure and local environment unchanged, providing a controlled numerical experiment. Interaction between the AGN physics and mergers in the three cases lead respectively to a star-forming, temporarily-quenched and permanently-quenched galaxy. However the differences do not primarily lie in the black hole accretion rates, but in the kinetic effects of the merger: the galaxy is resilient against AGN feedback unless its gaseous disk is first disrupted. Typical accretion rates are comparable in the three cases, falling below $0.1\,M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, equivalent to around $2\%$ of the Eddington rate or $10^{-3}$ times the pre-quenching star formation rate, in agreement with observations. This low level of black hole accretion can be sustained even when there is insufficient dense cold gas for star formation. Conversely, supernova feedback is too distributed to generate outflows in high-mass systems, and cannot maintain quenching over periods longer than the halo gas cooling time.
description: Clarifications and added references; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Nonlinear Hall Effects in Strained Twisted Bilayer WSe$_2$
Creators: name: Hu, Jin-Xin
name: Zhang, Cheng-Ping
name: Xie, Ying-Ming
name: Law, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been pointed out that the twisting of bilayer WSe$_2$ would generate topologically non-trivial flat bands near the Fermi energy. In this work, we show that twisted bilayer WSe$_2$ (tWSe$_2$) with uniaxial strain exhibits a large nonlinear Hall (NLH) response due to the non-trivial Berry curvatures of the flat bands. Moreover, the NLH effect is greatly enhanced near the topological phase transition point which can be tuned by a vertical displacement field. Importantly, the nonlinear Hall signal changes sign across the topological phase transition point and provides a way to identify the topological phase transition and probe the topological properties of the flat bands. The strong enhancement and high tunability of the NLH effect near the topological phase transition point renders tWSe$_2$ and related moire materials new platforms for rectification and second harmonic generations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, plus supplementary. Comments are welcome
A model independent safeguard for unbinned Likelihood
Creators: name: Priel, Nadav
name: Rauch, Ludwig
name: Landsman, Hagar
name: Manfredini, Alessandro
name: Budnik, Ranny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a universal method to include residual un-modeled background shape uncertainties in likelihood based statistical tests for high energy physics and astroparticle physics. This approach provides a simple and natural protection against mismodeling, thus lowering the chances of a false discovery or of an over constrained confidence interval, and allows a natural transition to unbinned space. Unbinned likelihood allows optimal usage of information for the data and the models, and enhances the sensitivity. We show that the asymptotic behavior of the test statistic can be regained in cases where the model fails to describe the true background behavior, and present 1D and 2D case studies for model-driven and data-driven background models. The resulting penalty on sensitivities follows the actual discrepancy between the data and the models, and is asymptotically reduced to zero with increasing knowledge.
Pruning artificial neural networks: a way to find well-generalizing, high-entropy sharp minima
Creators: name: Tartaglione, Enzo
name: Bragagnolo, Andrea
name: Grangetto, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a race towards the simplification of deep networks has begun, showing that it is effectively possible to reduce the size of these models with minimal or no performance loss. However, there is a general lack in understanding why these pruning strategies are effective. In this work, we are going to compare and analyze pruned solutions with two different pruning approaches, one-shot and gradual, showing the higher effectiveness of the latter. In particular, we find that gradual pruning allows access to narrow, well-generalizing minima, which are typically ignored when using one-shot approaches. In this work we also propose PSP-entropy, a measure to understand how a given neuron correlates to some specific learned classes. Interestingly, we observe that the features extracted by iteratively-pruned models are less correlated to specific classes, potentially making these models a better fit in transfer learning approaches.
Observations of Bow Shocks of Runaway Stars with H.E.S.S
Creators: name: Schulz, A.
name: Haupt, M.
name: Klepser, S.
name: Ohm, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Runaway stars form bow shocks by sweeping up interstellar matter in their direction of motion. Theoretical models predict a spectrally wide non-thermal component reaching up to gamma-ray energies at a flux level detectable with current instruments. They were motivated by a detection of non-thermal radio emission from the bow shock of BD$+43^\circ3654$ and a possible detection of non-thermal X-rays from AE Aurigae. A search in the high-energy regime using data from \textit{Fermi}-LAT resulted in flux upper limits for 27 candidates listed in the first E-BOSS catalogue. We perform the first systematic search for TeV emission from bow shocks of runaway stars. Using all available archival H.E.S.S. I data we search for very-high-energy gamma-ray emission at the positions of bow shock candidates listed in the second E-BOSS catalogue. This catalogue comprises 73 bow shock candidates, 32 of which have been observed with the H.E.S.S. telescopes. None of the observed bow shock candidates shows significant emission in the H.E.S.S. energy range. The resulting upper limits are used to constrain current models for non-thermal emission from these objects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Contribution to the 6th International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma2016), July 11-15, 2016, Heidelberg, Germany. To be published in the AIP Conference Proceedings
Local energy estimates for the fractional Laplacian
Creators: name: Borthagaray, Juan Pablo
name: Leykekhman, Dmitriy
name: Nochetto, Ricardo H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The integral fractional Laplacian of order $s \in (0,1)$ is a nonlocal operator. It is known that solutions to the Dirichlet problem involving such an operator exhibit an algebraic boundary singularity regardless of the domain regularity. This, in turn, deteriorates the global regularity of solutions and as a result the global convergence rate of the numerical solutions. For finite element discretizations, we derive local error estimates in the $H^s$-seminorm and show optimal convergence rates in the interior of the domain by only assuming meshes to be shape-regular. These estimates quantify the fact that the reduced approximation error is concentrated near the boundary of the domain. We illustrate our theoretical results with several numerical examples.
Study of Void Probability Scaling of Singly Charged Particles Produced in Ultrarelativistic Nuclear Collision in Fractal Scenario
Creators: name: Bhaduri, Susmita
name: Ghosh, Dipak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the fractality of void probability distribution measured in $^{32}$S-Ag/Br interaction at an incident energy of $200$ GeV per nucleon. A radically different and rigorous method called \textit{Visibility Graph} analysis is used. This method is shown to reveal a strong scaling character of void probability distribution in all pseurorapidity regions. The scaling exponent, called the Power of the Scale-freeness in Visibility Graph(PSVG), a quantitative parameter related to Hurst exponent, is strongly found to be dependent on the rapidity window size.
description: 4 figures
Anomaly-induced vacuum effective action with torsion: covariant solution and ambiguities
Creators: name: Camargo, Guilherme H. S.
name: Shapiro, Ilya L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T20, 83D05, 81T17

description: The conformal anomaly in curved spacetime with antisymmetric torsion is reconsidered, taking into account new important details. We formulate, for the first time, the covariant solution of the anomaly-induced effective action. The covariant effective action includes local terms corresponding to total derivatives in the conformal anomaly. The contribution of massless fermions to these terms is characterized by multiplicative anomaly, coming from two different choices of doubling for the spinor operator. On the other hand, the nonlocal part of anomaly-induced action is free of ambiguities and admits a low-energy limit, similar to the effective potential in the metric-scalar theory.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure
Active Pre-Touch Sensing: From Biology to Neuromorphic Biomimetic Artifacts
Creators: name: Walther, Tim
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600

description: Pre-touch sensing has a larger range than tactile sensing, but shorter than vision. By measuring mutual capacitance, electric field pre-touch sensors can detect local objects if their dielectric properties differ from that of air. When the actively emitted electric field by such a device is measured at multiple positions, spatial modulation patterns can provide geometric information on the perturbing objects. To illustrate this, an electric field pre-touch sensor was used to make recordings of simple objects such as cubes and spheres. Interpreting the arising sensor data can however be a substantial challenge, as the signals are multi-parameter dependent while the carrier wave itself is subject to noise. Neural structures associated with the electric sense of mormyrid weakly electric fish are evolutionary optimized to cope which such problems and hence provide a convenient biological model in which processing of electrosensory information can be studied. Using a pre-existing model constructed from available electrophysiological and neuroanatomical data, a spiking neural network using a temporal coding scheme was here developed for potential implementation in dedicated neuromorphic hardware. The technical perspective is incorporated at the neuronal level of the network, where neuron and synapse models reflect the idealized behavior of analogous implementations in neuromorphic hardware. The here implemented network extends its predecessor by a second perceptual channel, providing it with the capability to selectivity detect signal in- or decreases. Based on simulated inputs showing the perturbations caused by a sphere in a uniform electric field, the networks ability to provide indication on presence of objects encoded in the precise timing of spikes was investigated and its spatial-temporal response further evaluated via information theoretical measures. Finally, the principle feasibility of the approach was tested by a step-wise emulation of one of the two perceptual channels in neuromorphic hardware. The results illustrate that an implementation of the network in a dedicated chip is indeed possible and that the network – assuming that the required sensor data can be provided – is capable of conveying pre-touch information by a neuronal output that is filtered, amplified, sparsified, and overall more informative than the initial input.
Josephson currents induced by the Witten effect
Creators: name: Nogueira, Flavio S.
name: Nussinov, Zohar
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal the existence of a new type of topological Josephson effect involving type II superconductors and three-dimensional topological insulators as tunnel junctions. We predict that vortex lines induce a variant of the Witten effect that is the consequence of the axion electromagnetic response of the topological insulator: at the interface of the junction each flux quantum attains a fractional electrical charge of e/4. As a consequence, if an external magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the junction, the Witten effect induces an AC Josephson effect in absence of any external voltage. We derive a number of further experimental consequences and propose potential setups where these {quantized, flux induced, Witten} effects may be observed.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Published version (PRL editor's suggestion)
Information Validates the Prior: A Theorem on Bayesian Updating and Applications
Creators: name: Kartik, Navin
name: Lee, Frances
name: Suen, Wing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We develop a result on expected posteriors for Bayesians with heterogenous priors, dubbed information validates the prior (IVP). Under familiar ordering requirements, Anne expects a (Blackwell) more informative experiment to bring Bob's posterior mean closer to Anne's prior mean. We apply the result in two contexts of games of asymmetric information: voluntary testing or certification, and costly signaling or falsification. IVP can be used to determine how an agent's behavior responds to additional exogenous or endogenous information. We discuss economic implications.
description: Corrections of typos and other minor expositional edits. The paper is now forthcoming in American Economic Review: Insights
Instabilities in a current sheet with plasma jet
Creators: name: Shi, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability problem of a magnetohydrodynamic current sheet with the presence of a plasma jet. The flow direction is perpendicular to the normal of the current sheet and we analyze two cases: (1) The flow is along the anti-parallel component of the magnetic field; (2) The flow is perpendicular to the anti-parallel component of the magnetic field. A generalized equation set with the condition of incompressibility is derived and solved as a boundary-value-problem. For the first case, we show that, the streaming kink mode is stabilized by the magnetic field at $V_0/B_0 \lesssim 2$, where $V_0$ and $B_0$ are the jet speed and upstream Alfvén speed, and it is not affected by resistivity significantly. The streaming sausage mode is stabilized at $V_0/B_0 \lesssim 1$, and it can transit to the streaming tearing mode with a finite resistivity. The streaming tearing mode has larger growth rate than the pure tearing mode, though the scaling relation between the maximum growth rate and the Lundquist number remains unchanged. When the jet is perpendicular to the anti-parallel component of the magnetic field, the most unstable sausage mode is usually perpendicular (wave vector along the jet) without a guide field. But with a finite guide field, the most unstable sausage mode can be oblique, depending on the jet speed and guide field strength.
Beyond coincidence: using all the data in Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry
Creators: name: Scott, Hannah
name: Branford, Dominic
name: Westerberg, Niclas
name: Leach, Jonathan
name: Gauger, Erik M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hong-Ou-Mandel effect provides a mechanism to determine the distinguishability of a photon pair by measuring the bunching rates of two photons interfering at a beam splitter. Of particular interest is the distinguishability in time, which can be used to probe a time delay. Photon detectors themselves give some timing information, however--while that resolution may dwarf that of an interferometric technique--typical analyses reduce the interference to a binary event, neglecting temporal information in the detector. By modelling detectors with number and temporal resolution we demonstrate a greater precision than coincidence rates or temporal data alone afford. Moreover, the additional information can allow simultaneous estimation of a time delay alongside calibration parameters, opening up the possibility of calibration-free protocols and approaching the precision of the quantum Cramér-Rao bound.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Dynamical classification of Australian thunderstorms
Creators: name: Ryan, Christopher J. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Delegation in Veto Bargaining
Creators: name: Kartik, Navin
name: Kleiner, Andreas
name: Van Weelden, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A proposer requires the approval of a veto player to change a status quo. Preferences are single peaked. Proposer is uncertain about Vetoer's ideal point. We study Proposer's optimal mechanism without transfers. Vetoer is given a menu, or a delegation set, to choose from. The optimal delegation set balances the extent of Proposer's compromise with the risk of a veto. Under reasonable conditions, "full delegation" is optimal: Vetoer can choose any action between the status quo and Proposer's ideal action. This outcome largely nullifies Proposer's bargaining power; Vetoer frequently obtains her ideal point, and there is Pareto efficiency despite asymmetric information. More generally, we identify when "interval delegation" is optimal. Optimal interval delegation can be a Pareto improvement over cheap talk. We derive comparative statics. Vetoer receives less discretion when preferences are more likely to be aligned, by contrast to expertise-based delegation. Methodologically, our analysis handles stochastic mechanisms.
On the maximum grain size entrained by photoevaporative winds
Creators: name: Hutchison, Mark A.
name: Laibe, Guillaume
name: Maddison, Sarah T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the behaviour of dust grains entrained by photoevaporation-driven winds from protoplanetary discs assuming a non-rotating, plane-parallel disc. We obtain an analytic expression for the maximum entrainable grain size in extreme-UV radiation-driven winds, which we demonstrate to be proportional to the mass loss rate of the disc. When compared with our hydrodynamic simulations, the model reproduces almost all of the wind properties for the gas and dust. In typical turbulent discs, the entrained grain sizes in the wind are smaller than the theoretical maximum everywhere but the inner disc due to dust settling.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, 1 animation. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Magnetic Hedgehog Lattice in a Centrosymmetric Cubic Metal
Creators: name: Okumura, Shun
name: Hayami, Satoru
name: Kato, Yasuyuki
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hedgehog lattice (HL) is a three-dimensional topological spin texture hosting a periodic array of magnetic monopoles and antimonopoles. It has been studied theoretically for noncentrosymmetric systems with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, but the stability, as well as the magnetic and topological properties, remains elusive in the centrosymmetric case. We here investigate the ground state of an effective spin model with long-range bilinear and biquadratic interactions for a centrosymmetric cubic metal by simulated annealing. We show that our model stabilizes a HL composed of two pairs of left- and right-handed helices, resulting in no net scalar spin chirality, in stark contrast to the noncentrosymmetric case. We find that the HL turns into topologically-trivial conical states in an applied magnetic field. From the detailed analyses of the constituent spin helices, we clarify that the ellipticity and angles of the helical planes change gradually while increasing the magnetic field. We discuss the results in comparison with the experiments for a centrosymmetric cubic metal SrFeO$_3$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
ANÁLISE DE DISCURSO A ANTIDISCIPLINA QUE DESAFIA A OBJETIVIDADE E A NEUTRALIDADE NA PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE A LINGUAGEM
Creators: name: Alecio, Gaigher
name: Santos, José
name: Coelho, Romário
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: O presente estudo insere-se no Grupo Temático: Educação, Estado e Sociedade na Amazônia, oriundo da disciplina Tópicos especiais em Linguística I. Análise do discurso: Linguagem e Psicanálise do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Objetivando sintetizar de forma prática o campo da Análise do Discurso (doravante AD). Para tanto, partiu da organização bibliográfica de Sérgio Freire (2006), bem como suas discussões teóricas, principalmente a partir de Foucault (1998).
An identity theorem for the Fourier transform of polytopes on rationally parameterisable hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Engel, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11, 42B10

description: A set $\mathcal{S}$ of points in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is called a rationally parameterisable hypersurface if $\mathcal{S}=\{\boldsymbolσ(\mathbf{t}): \mathbf{t} \in D\}$, where $\boldsymbolσ: \mathbb{R}^{n-1} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n$ is a vector function with domain $D$ and rational functions as components. A generalized $n$-dimensional polytope in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is a union of a finite number of convex $n$-dimensional polytopes in $\mathbb{R}^n$. The Fourier transform of such a generalized polytope $\mathcal{P}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is defined by $F_{\mathcal{P}}(\mathbf{s})=\int_{\mathcal{P}} e^{-i\mathbf{s}\cdot\mathbf{x}} \,\mathbf{dx}$. We prove that $F_{\mathcal{P}_1}(\boldsymbolσ(\mathbf{t})) = F_{\mathcal{P}_2}(\boldsymbolσ(\mathbf{t}))\ \forall \mathbf{t} \in O$ implies $\mathcal{P}_1=\mathcal{P}_2$ if $O$ is an open subset of $D$ satisfying some well-defined conditions. Moreover we show that this theorem can be applied to quadric hypersurfaces that do not contain a line, but at least two points, i.e., in particular to spheres.
description: 20 pages
A user-driven, reduced whole-stand growth model for major hybrid poplar clones in Spain
Creators: name: Castedo-Dorado, Fernando
name: Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, Pablo
name: González-Ferreiro, Eduardo
name: Ramos-González, Guillermo
name: Álvarez-Esteban, Ramón
name: Álvarez-Taboada, Flor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Populus spp. clones and hybrids are commonly cultivated for timber production worldwide due to their fast growth and adaptability. In Spain, growth models are currently available for the Populus × euramericana clones ‘I-214' and ‘MC'. However, the input variables required for these models are not typically available to potential users. For the most widely used P. × interamericana clones ('Beaupre', ‘Raspalje' and ‘Unal') there is currently no growth model available in Spain or elsewhere in Europe. The aim of the present study was to develop a whole-stand growth model for these five clones. Data were obtained from a network of 134 plots and 265 trees scanned by Terrestrial Laser Scanning. The structure of the growth model was mediated by plot data typically available from forest owners: plantation age, number of trees of each clone and arithmetic mean tree diameter (dm). The main component of the growth model is a dm projection function, enabling dm to be projected at any time. Sensitivity analysis of the prediction accuracy of this function revealed that the proposed model provides satisfactory predictions for time intervals of between 5 and 10 years. The growth model was implemented in a web-based plot growth simulator, facilitating its use.