cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Melatonin auf die Somatostatinsekretion der pankreatischen δ-Zelle
Creators: name: Zibolka, Juliane
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 613

description: Zahlreiche Untersuchungen zeigten einen Rezeptor-mediierten Einfluss von Melatonin auf die pankreatische Insulin- und Glukagonsekretion. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde am Modell der humanen Somatostatinoma-Zelllinie QGP-1 der Einfluss von Melatonin auf die Somatostatinsekretion der pankreatischen δ-Zelle untersucht. In Inkubationsversuchen konnte erstmalig gezeigt werden, dass Melatonin unter physiologischen Konzentrationen einen inhibitorischen Einfluss auf die δ-Zelle ausübt, der im Wesentlichen über den MT1-Rezeptor durch eine Senkung der second messenger-Konzentration von cAMP vermittelt wird. Immunhistochemische Untersuchungen an humanem pankreatischen Gewebe bestätigten den Nachweis beider Melatoninrezeptor-Isoformen (MT1 und MT2) in der δ-Zelle. Zudem zeigte sich in δ-Zellen Typ2-diabetischer Inseln eine Zunahme der MT1-Rezeptordichte, verbunden mit einer veränderten Somatostatinsekretion in isolierten humanen Inseln unter einer Inkubation mit Melatonin. Die Ergebnisse ergänzen bisherige Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Melatonin auf die Hormonsekretion der pankreatischen Insel.
description: Numerous investigations have shown a receptor-mediated influence of melatonin on pancreatic insulin and glucagon secretion. In the present work the influence of melatonin on somatostatin secretion of the pancreatic δ-cell was investigated using the human somatostatinoma cell line QGP-1 as a model. For the first time, it could be shown in incubation experiments that melatonin exerts an inhibitory influence on the δ-cell under physiological concentrations. This effect is mainly mediated through the MT1 receptor by a decrease of the second messenger concentration of cAMP. Immunohistochemical studies on human pancreatic tissue confirmed evidence of both melatonin receptor isoforms (MT1 and MT2) in the δ-cell. In δ-cells of type 2 diabetic islets, an increase in MT1 receptor density was observed, related with an altered somatostatin secretion in isolated human islets under the incubation with melatonin. The results complement prior studies on the effects of melatonin on hormone secretion of pancreatic islets.
Adaptive pipelined work processing for GPS trajectories
Creators: name: Tjia, Andrew Hung Yao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Adaptive pipelined work processing is a system paradigm that optimally processes trajectories created by GPS-enabled devices. Systems that execute GPS trajectory processing are often constrained at the client side by limitations of mobile devices such as processing power, energy usage, and network. The server must deal with non-uniform processing workloads and flash crowds generated by surges in popularity. We demonstrate that adaptive processing is a solution to these problems by building a trajectory processing system that uses adaptivity to respond to changing workloads and network conditions, and is fault tolerant. This benefits application designers, who design operations on data instead of manual system optimization and resource management. We evaluate our method by processing a dataset of snow sports trajectories and show that our method is extensible to other operators and other kinds of data.
A finite-dimensional quantum model for the stock market
Creators: name: Cotfas, Liviu-Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a finite-dimensional version of the quantum model for the stock market proposed in [C. Zhang and L. Huang, A quantum model for the stock market, Physica A 389(2010) 5769]. Our approach is an attempt to make this model consistent with the discrete nature of the stock price and is based on the mathematical formalism used in the case of the quantum systems with finite-dimensional Hilbert space. The rate of return is a discrete variable corresponding to the coordinate in the case of quantum systems, and the operator of the conjugate variable describing the trend of the stock return is defined in terms of the finite Fourier transform. The stock return in equilibrium is described by a finite Gaussian function, and the time evolution of the stock price, directly related to the rate of return, is obtained by numerically solving a Schrodinger type equation.
description: Same results in a simpler mathematical formalism
Unanticipated Consequences of a Pandemic Flu in New York City: A Neighborhood Focus Group Study
Creators: name: Fuller, Elizabeth J.
name: Abramson, David M.
name: Sury, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Neighborhoods--Social aspects
Ethnic neighborhoods
Public health
Emergency management
Epidemics

description: There is fairly consistent evidence that ethnic and minority communities have historically been more vulnerable to disasters, less trusting of public authority, and often so socially marginalized that it placed them in harm’s way. In an effort to explore some of these issues we conducted a series of community-based focus groups among selected ethnic communities in order to understand how perceptions of neighborhood life during a pandemic -- and community adaptation -- might vary across the city. We conducted the focus groups in six distinct New York City neighborhoods, each meant to represent a particular ethnic sub-group: Jamaican- Americans in Wakefield, Bronx; Chinese-Americans in Chinatown; African-Americans in Bedford Stuyvesant, Brooklyn; Dominican-Americans in Washington Heights; Greek-Americans in Astoria, Queens; and South Indian-Americans in Flushing, Queens. Four of the focus groups were conducted in English, one was in Spanish, and one was in Mandarin, Chinese.
125 GeV Higgs, Type III Seesaw and Gauge-Higgs Unification
Creators: name: He, Bin
name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, both the ATLAS and CMS experiments have observed an excess of events that could be the first evidence for a 125 GeV Higgs boson. This is a few GeV below the (absolute) vacuum stability bound on the Higgs mass in the Standard Model (SM), assuming a Planck mass ultraviolet (UV) cutoff. In this paper, we study some implications of a 125 GeV Higgs boson for new physics in terms of the vacuum stability bound. We first consider the seesaw extension of the SM and find that in type III seesaw, the vacuum stability bound on the Higgs mass can be as low as 125 GeV for the seesaw scale around a TeV. Next we dicuss some alternative new physics models which provide an effective ultraviolet cutoff lower than the Planck mass. An effective cutoff Λ\simeq 10^{11} GeV leads to a vacuum stability bound on the Higgs mass of 125 GeV. In a gauge-Higgs unification scenario with five-dimensional flat spacetime, the so-called gauge-Higgs condition allows us to predict a Higgs mass of 125 GeV, with the compactification scale of the extra-dimension being identified as the cutoff scale Λ\simeq 10^{11} GeV. Identifying the compactification scale with the unification scale of the SM SU(2) gauge coupling and the top quark Yukawa coupling yields a Higgs mass of 121\pm 2 GeV.
The Current Nuclear Threat
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations
Nuclear weapons
Weapons of mass destruction
Nuclear nonproliferation

description: Robert Gallucci, President of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, presented "The Current Nuclear Threat" at The Hertog Global Strategy Initiative's Summer 2010 Global Strategy Lecture Series on June 24. Gallucci worked at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, the multinational peacekeeping force in the Sinai peninsula, and the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) overseeing the disarmament of Iraq before joining the Department of State, where he was the chief negotiator during the North Korean nuclear crisis in 1994. He is co-author of Going Critical: The First North Korean Nuclear Crisis (2004). His lecture was one of 11 talks on nuclear proliferation during the summer of 2010 sponsored jointly by The Hertog Global Strategy Initiative, The Department of History, The Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies and The School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University.
Entwicklung neuer multitargeting Kinaseinhibitoren zur Bekämpfung der Alzheimerschen Erkrankung
Creators: name: Schade, Nico
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Das Gehirn von Alzheimerpatienten ist charakterisiert durch Aβ-Proteine und Neurofibrilläre Verwicklungen (NFTs). Die Agglomeration der NFTs korreliert mit einer erhöhten Konzentration an Proteinkinasen. Azoxafluorene können diese inhibieren und könnten somit eine therapeutische Lösung für AD darstellen. 52 neue Azoxafluorene mit Carbamid oder Oximether Seitenkette konnten synthetisiert werden. Auf Basis von VOIGTs Zweitschrittsynthese wurden die synthetisierten Nicotinamide und Nicotincarbaldehydoximether in 3,4-disubstituierte N-Acetyl-1,4-dihydropyridine mit Hilfe von Acetylchlorid, Kupfer-I-jodid, Lithiumchlorid und Phenylmagnesiumchlorid umgewandelt. Diese Verbindungen reagierten anschließend mit verschiedenen Chinonen in einer fünfprozentigen Perchlorsäurelösung zu tri- und tetrazyklischen Azoxafluorenen. Die neuen Verbindungen wurden an der CDK1, CDK2, ERK1, JNK3, GSK3β und Fyn wt getestet. Verbindung 23, 28, 33, 77, 88 zeigte dabei IC50 Werte von ein bis 40 μM. Docking Experimente von ausgewählten Verbindungen zeigten Wasserstoffbrücken und hydrophobe Wechselwirkungen mit den Zielstrukturen JNK3 und Fyn.
description: The brain of Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients is characterized by Aβ proteins and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The agglomeration of NFTs correlates with increased concentration of protein kinases. Azoxafluorenes can be inhibited this kinases and could be therapeutic solution for AD. So 52 new azoxafluorenes with carbamide or oxime ether residues are synthesized. On basis of two steps synthesis by VOIGT, the synthesized pyridinecarbamides and nicotinaldehyde oxime ethers were converted in 3,4-disubstituted N-acetyl-1,4-dihydropyridines by acetyl chloride, copper one iodide, lithium chloride and phenylmagnesium chloride. These intermediate compounds reacted with several quinones in a five percentage perchloric acid solution to give tricyclic and tetracyclic azoxafluorenes. The new compounds were tested on CDK1, CDK2, ERK1, JNK3, GSK3β and Fyn wt. The Compounds 23, 28, 33, 77, 88 showed activities with IC50 values of one to 40 μM. Dockings experiments of selected compounds showed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with the target kinases JNK3 and Fyn.
Social Anthropology and History of Art in a Holy Drama in Northern Italy
Creators: name: Faeta, Francesco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Ethnology

description: In this seminar, I would like to briefly illustrate, also using some images, the study I am working on in Cerveno, a small valley town in the Italian Alps. This involves, as is customary in cultural and social anthropology, a phase of fieldwork, which began with my first visits in March 2011 and is still in progress. This will culminate in the observation of a religious representation, which I will discuss later, on May 20, 2012. My fieldwork also involved an exploration of the local civil and religious archives, which was obviously crucial in understanding the phenomenon being studied, as well as raising a whole range of as yet unanswered questions for the ethnographer. There is also a phase of study linked to a precise theoretical and methodological problem, taking place in New York with the precious contribution of the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies at Columbia University.
A systems approach to student success: Advocacy, activism and engagement
Creators: name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2020
Subjects: academic integrity
systems theory
student experience
Canada
higher education

description: Keynote address
description: Slides from a keynote address presented to Seneca College (Ontario, Canada) Teaching and Learning Summer 2020 Conference. Abstract: Ever wonder how the work you do actually makes a difference? In this talk, you’ll learn to recognize the difference you make as an individual and how your work can have a ripple effect far beyond what you might imagine. In this talk, Sarah Elaine Eaton brings together concepts from systems-based leadership, collaboration and student advocacy to show how and why your individual contribution makes an impact. She will leverage her expertise in academic integrity to broader contexts related to teaching and learning, student success and research-informed practice.
title: War in the Balkans
title: War in the Balkans
Creators: name: Hall, Richard
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Balkankriege
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Balkan Peninsula--History--War of 1912-1913
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Balkan Peninsula

description: The Balkan Wars erupted in South Eastern Europe in October 1912. Fighting continued intermittently in the region until July 1914. As the First World War expanded into much of Europe, fighting continued throughout the South East until the autumn of 1918. In South Eastern Europe, the Balkan Wars and the First World War must be understood as a single community.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Master's thesis recital (collaborative piano)
Creators: name: Choi, Sunbeam
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Concertos (Oboe)
Trombone with orchestra, Arranged
Song cycles
Songs (High voice) with piano

description: Concerto sopra motivi dell'opera La favorita di Donizetti / Antonino Pasculli -- Ballade for trombone and orchestra / Eugene Bozza -- Frauenliebe und Leben / Robert Schumann -- Saetaryeong / Jo Du-Nam.
title: Bryan, William Jennings
title: Bryan, William Jennings
Creators: name: Schleif, Luke
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Bryan, William Jennings
subject: Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925

description: Williams Jennings Bryan was a powerful Democratic politician, from his emergence on the American political scene in the 1890s to his death in 1925. A three-time Democratic nominee for president, Bryan served as secretary of state under President Woodrow Wilson from 1913–1915. Bryan also championed reform causes based in religion, such as prohibition and fundamentalism.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Perceptual considerations for displays under varying ambient illumination
Creators: name: Rempel, Allan G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The capabilities of visual display devices such as television sets and computer monitors have advanced dramatically over the past decade. In particular, prototype high dynamic range (HDR) displays have emerged during that time, which provide significantly greater output brightness and dynamic range than conventional currently available displays. These increased capabilities open up two new avenues of research: investigating how to take advantage of the characteristics of these displays to improve the appearance of images and video, and observing and characterizing the responses of the human visual system to the new kinds of imagery these displays are capable of producing. The contributions of this dissertation advance our understanding along both of these lines. We present a set of experiments in which subjects viewed video content on HDR displays, and observe that subjects preferred higher display brightness settings in higher ambient illumination environments, and that subjects generally preferred the highest contrast available, irrespective of brightness, with effectively no visual fatigue (compared to conventional displays) during extended viewing sessions. We then present a novel technique for enhancing the contrast of low dynamic range (LDR) legacy content to take advantage of the capabilities of HDR displays, which is an underconstrained problem with several solutions of varying effectiveness. Our technique boosts the brightness of saturated image regions while keeping darker image regions dark. Next, we present a set of experiments in which we use a prototype display with precise colour control to determine the effect of different colours of glare on vision in low-light environments. The data from these experiments provide insight into human vision in low-light environments which can improve the design of displays for such environments. Finally, we present a set of experiments showing the effect of contrast on depth perception in monocular viewing environments, and how this effect can be enhanced by adjusting the contrast between highlights and mid-tones in HDR imagery. Collectively, these contributions advance our ability to display imagery on new generations of high-contrast and high-brightness displays for more satisfying viewing experiences, and can aid in the design of future displays.
title: Investigating emotionally resonant vibrations as a calming intervention for people with social anxiety
Creators: name: Macdonald, Shaun
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Social anxiety is a prevalent mental health concern and its adverse effects impact quality of life. Exposure Therapy is a key component of prominent psychotherapies for social anxiety, but adherence can be challenging and an intervention improving retention and accessibility would be valuable. Vibrotactile stimulation is a potential intervention for in vivo exposure as it can discreetly augment other objects or wearable devices during a social situation without interrupting conversation. This thesis explored the development of a calming vibrotactile intervention for social anxiety exposure therapy, prioritising the experiences of socially anxious users to inform the design and display of novel stimuli. As vibrotactile stimuli have a narrow affective range, novel emotionally resonant stimuli, which evoke real world sensations to elicit an associated emotional response (e.g. stimuli that evoke cat purring to remind users of past animal touch), were studied as an avenue to deliver calming experiences. Five studies and two surveys were conducted. Results from the first two experiments showed emotional responses to stimuli varied between participants, depending individual associations with real-world phenomena. Along with two surveys, this informed the investigation of the specific requirements and affective haptic preferences of socially anxious users. User suggestions and affective preferences from these surveys informed the testing of a wider selection of emotionally resonant cues in the third experiment, trialed alongside warm and cool thermal cues to observe impact on emotional resonance and response, although the effects were too minor to justify their future use. With a library of emotionally resonant stimuli validated, methods of delivering them to users was explored with participatory prototyping. Participants who reported high levels of social anxiety designed personalised comfort objects, then augmented them with stimuli. These designs informed the design of three prototype objects which were augmented with vibrations in a final between-groups study which assessed if they could reduce anxiety during a social exposure task. Participants in the treatment group held their choice of object and stimulus to during exposure and exhibited significantly more varied anxiety responses to the task than a control group, reporting that their objects were calming and helpful. These findings suggest that emotionally resonant vibrotactile cues can act as a calming intervention, but their efficacy requires personalisation and varies strongly per user. This thesis contributes novel understanding of the specific requirements of socially anxious users when interacting with affective haptics and pioneers a new category of calming vibrotactile stimuli, with demonstrable applicability in socially anxious settings.
title: Soldier Newspapers
title: Soldier Newspapers
Creators: name: Nelson, Robert L.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Soldatenzeitung
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Journalism, Military
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Sources

description: Soldier newspapers are a massive, yet little used primary source of the First World War. They were read and written by the almost universally literate men at or near the front in the French, British, and German armies. Although they were shaped by both official censorship as well as powerful self-censorship, these newspapers were popular. Importantly, they were purchased by a soldier audience seeking both reassurance and justification. Each army found itself in a different context. Although each set of newspapers depicts elements of a universal experience for all soldiers, they also unsurprisingly indicate the distinct national experiences of each army.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Charakterisierung von AUF1-homologen Mosquito-Proteinen und deren Einfluss auf die RNA-Replikation des West-Nil-Virus
Creators: name: Meyer, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 572

description: Viren nutzen in verschiedenen Phasen ihres Lebenszyklus zahlreiche zelluläre Proteine der infizierten Wirtszelle. Zu diesen gehören das humane RNA-Bindeprotein AUF1p45, welches mit Hilfe von zwei RNA-Umstrukturierungsaktivitäten (RNA-Chaperon- und RNA-annealing-Aktivität) die Replikation von Flaviviren unterstützt. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die zwei AUF1p45-homologen Proteine Squid-p30 und Squid-p32 aus Mosquitos charakterisiert. Sie zeigten eine Substratspezifität für AU/GU-reiche RNA und eine geringere Ausprägung der zwei RNA-Umstrukturierungsaktivitäten als AUF1p45. Ebenso stimulierten die Squid-Proteine die virale (-)-Strang-RNA-Synthese. Mit Hilfe einer Mutationsanalyse konnte der Einfluss von zwei Tryptophanen innerhalb eines YGG-Motivs von Squid-p32 auf die RNA-Bindung und RNA-Umstrukturierungsaktivitäten identifiziert werden. Anhand eines RNA-Thermometer-Modells wurde vermutet, dass sich die Wirtsfaktorfunktion von AUF1p45 erst in Vertebraten entwickelt hat.
description: Viruses depend on numerous cellular proteins during different phases of their viral life cycle. One of them is the human RNA binding protein AUF1p45 which promotes flaviviral replication by two RNA remodeling activities (RNA chaperone and RNA annealing activity). In this work the two AUF1-homologous mosquito proteins squid p30 and squid p32 were characterized. The squid proteins showed a substrate specificity for AU/GU-rich RNA and two RNA remodeling activities which were less pronounced than for AUF1p45. Furthermore, the squid proteins stimulated the viral negative-strand RNA synthesis. By means of a mutagenesis study the impact on RNA binding and RNA remodeling activities of two tryptophanes within a YGG motif of squid p32 could be identified. On the basis of a RNA thermometer model it is presumed that the role of AUF1p45 as a host factor has only evolved in vertebrates.
title: Russian Civil War
title: Russian Civil War
Creators: name: Sumpf, Alexandre
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Russischer Bürgerkrieg [1917-1921]
subject: Soviet Union--History--Revolution, 1917-1921

description: The Russian civil war was not simply a conflict between Red communists and White monarchists; rather, it involved a complex intertwining of military, social and political issues that were created or exacerbated by the Great War. It ended with the very costly victory of the Bolsheviks over the monarchists, general staff of the former Tsarist army, other revolutionary parties, foreign powers, some independence movements (notably Ukrainian) and the peasantry. The Russian civil war was as much a continuation of the First World War as it was a means to settle an irreparable ideological rift. It was pocked with the contradictions that accompanied the break-up of imperial Russia and the constitution of a strong state, the unleashing of violence and the shaping of society through political and cultural mobilization.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Bereavement and Mourning (Germany)
title: Bereavement and Mourning (Germany)
Creators: name: Fehlemann, Silke
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegerwitwe
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Germany
subject: Casualties

description: Bereavement was a central element of Germany’s experience in World War One. The majority of Germans coping with loss were women, often with young children to support. This article will analyze Germany’s approach to social welfare programs to support the bereaved as well as representations of grief, issues which both posed a challenge to wartime and post-war society.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Preparation and relaxation of very stable glassy states of a simulated liquid
Creators: name: Jack, Robert L.
name: Hedges, Lester O.
name: Garrahan, Juan P.
name: Chandler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prepare metastable glassy states in a model glass-former made of Lennard-Jones particles by sampling biased ensembles of trajectories with low dynamical activity. These trajectories form an inactive dynamical phase whose `fast' vibrational degrees of freedom are maintained at thermal equilibrium by contact with a heat bath, while the `slow' structural degrees of freedom are located in deep valleys of the energy landscape. We examine the relaxation to equilibrium and the vibrational properties of these metastable states. The glassy states we prepare by our trajectory sampling method are very stable to thermal fluctuations and also more mechanically rigid than low-temperature equilibrated configurations.
description: Minor revisions in light of referee comments. 5 pages, 4 figs
Papal involvement in the spread of Greek culture to the medieval Latin West
Creators: name: Forrai, Reka
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Religion
History
Middle Ages

description: I aim to investigate the Papacy's role in spreading Greek culture to the Latin West from the 7th to the 13th centuries: from the reign of Pope Gregory the Great to Boniface VIII. Specifically, I'll be looking at the cultural policies of the medieval papacy and their effect on the formation of Greek textual canons in the West. Whether as commissioners or dedicatees, from Late Antiquity onward, popes figure in many translators' prologues. Translators' connections to the papal court varied widely: some were papal officials, some were diplomats also engaged as interpreters. Sometimes even popes themselves were active translators. Both long- and short-term collaborations occurred, both at the papal court as well as through epistolary exchanges. Patronizing and, at the same time, controlling the flow of Greek writings was of primary interest for the papacy. The pontifical court had strong opinions about what should be translated. But such selection criteria were not often in the center of scholarly attention. One possible reason for this can be that the strong emphasis on the scarce availability of Greek materials in the West and the small number of those mastering the language seem to imply certain randomness and lack of direction in the Latin translation movements (meaning that medieval people would just translate whatever they could lay their hands on). On the contrary, I argue that canons of translations were shaped not so much by the limitations of the resources, but by the cultural and political horizon of the institutions and individuals involved.
title: Microsurgical training course for clinicians and scientists: a 10-year experience at the Münster University Hospital
Creators: name: Juratli, Mazen A.
name: Becker, Felix
name: Palmes, Daniel Michael
name: Stöppeler, Sandra
name: Bahde, Ralf
name: Kebschull, Linus
name: Spiegel, Hans-Ullrich
name: Hölzen, Jens P.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: Microsurgical techniques are an important part of clinical and experimental research. Here we present our step-by-step microsurgery training course developed at the Münster University Hospital. The goal of this course was to create a short, modular curriculum with clearly described and easy to follow working steps in accordance with the Guidelines for Training in Surgical Research in Animals by the Academy of Surgical Research. Methods: Over the course of 10 years, we conducted an annual 2.5 day (20 h) microsurgical training course with a total of 120 participants. Results: Prior to the course, 90% of the participants reported to have never performed a microanastomosis before. During the 10 years a total of 84.2% of the participants performed microanastomoses without assistance, 15% required assistance and only 0.8% failed. Conclusions: Our step-by-step microsurgery training course gives a brief overview of the didactic basics and the organization of a microsurgical training course and could serve as a guide for teaching microsurgical skills. During the 2.5-day curriculum, it was possible to teach, and for participants to subsequently perform a microsurgical anastomosis. The independent reproducibility of the learned material after the course is not yet known, therefore further investigations are necessary. With this step-by-step curriculum, we were able to conduct a successful training program, shown by the fact that each participant is able to perform microvascular anastomoses on a reproducible basis.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
title: Automobile Industry (Austria-Hungary)
title: Automobile Industry (Austria-Hungary)
Creators: name: Blasi, Walter
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Österreich-Ungarn
subject: Kraftfahrzeugindustrie
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Austria
subject: Motorization, Military

description: The Austro-Hungarian automotive industry and the necessary equipment for military vehicles developed very slowly in comparison to other European states. During the First World War, the army had to work hard to build up a motorized unit.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Testing the Link between Functional Diversity and Ecosystem Functioning in a Minnesota Grassland Experiment
Creators: name: Clark, Christopher M.
name: Flynn, Dan F. B.
name: Butterfield, Bradley J.
name: Reich, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Grassland ecology
Biodiversity
Ecosystem health
Environmental sciences

description: The functional diversity of a community can influence ecosystem functioning and reflects assembly processes. The large number of disparate metrics used to quantify functional diversity reflects the range of attributes underlying this concept, generally summarized as functional richness, functional evenness, and functional divergence. However, in practice, we know very little about which attributes drive which ecosystem functions, due to a lack of field-based tests. Here we test the association between eight leading functional diversity metrics (Rao’s Q, FD, FDis, FEve, FDiv, convex hull volume, and species and functional group richness) that emphasize different attributes of functional diversity, plus 11 extensions of these existing metrics that incorporate heterogeneous species abundances and trait variation. We assess the relationships among these metrics and compare their performances for predicting three key ecosystem functions (above- and belowground biomass and light capture) within a long-term grassland biodiversity experiment. Many metrics were highly correlated, although unique information was captured in FEve, FDiv, and dendrogram-based measures (FD) that were adjusted by abundance. FD adjusted by abundance outperformed all other metrics in predicting both above- and belowground biomass, although several others also performed well (e.g. Rao’s Q, FDis, FDiv). More generally, trait-based richness metrics and hybrid metrics incorporating multiple diversity attributes outperformed evenness metrics and single-attribute metrics, results that were not changed when combinations of metrics were explored. For light capture, species richness alone was the best predictor, suggesting that traits for canopy architecture would be necessary to improve predictions. Our study provides a comprehensive test linking different attributes of functional diversity with ecosystem function for a grassland system.
Unconventional Cosmology
Creators: name: Brandenberger, Robert H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review two cosmological paradigms which are alternative to the current inflationary scenario. The first alternative is the "matter bounce", a non-singular bouncing cosmology with a matter-dominated phase of contraction. The second is an "emergent" scenario, which can be implemented in the context of "string gas cosmology". I will compare these scenarios with the inflationary one and demonstrate that all three lead to an approximately scale-invariant spectrum of cosmological perturbations.
description: 45 pages, 10 figures; invited lectures at the 6th Aegean Summer School "Quantum Gravity and Quantum Cosmology", Chora, Naxos, Greece, Sept. 12 - 17 2012, to be publ. in the proceedings; these lecture notes form an updated version of arXiv:1003.1745 and arXiv:1103.2271
Super-Cycles of Commodity Prices Since the Mid-Nineteenth Century
Creators: name: Erten, Bilge
name: Ocampo, Jose A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Economic history

description: The decomposition of real commodity prices using the BP filtering technique provides evidence of four super-cycles over 1865 to 2009 ranging between 30 to 40 years and with amplitudes of 20 to 40 percent higher or lower than the long-run trend. Non-oil price super-cycles follow those of world GDP, indicating that they are essentially demand-determined. In contrast, causality runs in the opposite direction for oil prices. In turn, the mean of each super-cycle of non-oil commodities is generally lower than that of the previous cycle suggesting a step-wise deterioration in support of the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis. Tropical agriculture experienced the strongest and steepest long-term downward trend through the twentieth century, followed by non-tropical agriculture and metals. Again, in contrast to these trends, real oil prices have experienced a long-term upward trend, which was only interrupted temporarily during some four decades of the twentieth century.
BPS dyons and Hesse flow
Creators: name: Bleeken, Dieter Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit BPS solutions to classical N=2 low energy effective gauge theories. It is shown that the BPS equations can be solved in full generality by the introduction of a Hesse potential, a symplectic analog of the holomorphic prepotential. We explain how for non-spherically symmetric, non-mutually local solutions, the notion of attractor flow generalizes to gradient flow with respect to the Hesse potential. Furthermore we show that in general there is a non-trivial magnetic complement to this flow equation that is sourced by the momentum current in the solution.
description: 25 pages, references added
Microbiomes and Health of the Orang Asli
Creators: name: YEO, LI-FANG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60503 Microbial Genetics

description: There have been much interest in the interaction between the humans and the community of bacteria living within and on the human body, collectively known as the human microbiome. This thesis characterized the saliva and gut microbiomes of the indigenous people, Orang Asli, in Malaysia. Furthermore, the intestinal carriage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, ESBL and VRE, and gut resistome of the Jehai hunter-gatherer community were explored. Infection rates of Helicobacter pylori among the Orang Asli communities were also investigated.
title: Children's Literature
title: Children's Literature
Creators: name: Zunino, Berenice
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kinderliteratur
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Juvenile literature

description: Extracurricular mobilization of children through literature took place between 1914 and 1918 on the home front of most belligerent countries. Propaganda for children depended on the war’s effects on the book market and featured violent glorification, merry caricatures and more serious images. As the war progressed, however, war themes decreased somewhat.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Oscillatory tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions with inserted nonmagnetic layer
Creators: name: Choi, Changsik
name: Lee, Byung Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillatory tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) as a function of spacer thickness is investigated theoretically for a magnetic tunnel junction with a nonmagnetic layer inserted between the tunnel barrier and the ferromagnetic layer. TMR is characterized in an analytical form, that is expressed with the transmission and reflection amplitudes of single interfaces at the Fermi level, and by the extremal wavevectors. Electronic structures with multiple bands are taken into account in the derivation characterizing the TMR, and the proposed analytical expression can be directly applied to real junctions. Based on our model, the features of TMR dependence on spacer thickness are discussed, including selection rules for the oscillation period. Numerical calculations are performed using an envelope-function theory for several cases, and we show that our model is in good agreement with the exact result.
description: 21 pages (preprint), 6 figures
Galileo and the Roman Curia: modern science and Catholic Reformation
c. 1610–1700
Creators: name: Favino, Federica
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Science
History
Religion

description: As a result of the impressive mass of studies on Early Modern Rome edited in the past three decades, the city of the Pope cannot be conceived anymore as tout court coincident with "the Church": it was instead the site of many different centers of production and consumption of culture, like courts of cardinals, colleges, academies, seminars and head-quarters of religious orders, as recent works clearly demonstrate. Nor can "the Church" anymore be abstractly conceived as a monolith: it was instead (like it still is) the result of a plurality of different institutions and powers (papal families and clients, congregations, law courts, religious orders etc.) in most cases competing one against the other. These recent achievements urge historians of science to reopen the "science and religion" issue, but now in order to inquire the political role played by those bites of scientific knowledge which challenged the Tridentine theological "Science" (e.g. heliocentrism, atomism, but also geology, paleontology, spontaneous generation. . . .) within the polymorphous body of the Church, rather than out or against it.
Inward FDI in New Zealand and its policy context
Creators: name: Enderwick, Peter
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: New Zealand, with a low domestic savings rate, has long depended on inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) to facilitate growth and development.   The country's IFDI stock reached US$ 70 billion in 2010, and averaged 51% of GDP over the decade 2000-2010. While recent inward FDI flows, US$ 636 million in 2010 and US$ 3.4 billion in 2011, have been lower than those of other comparable economies, reliance on IFDI is high. New Zealand's policy toward IFDI is based on the creation of an attractive investment climate (low costs of doing business, low levels of corruption, few restrictions); few specific incentives are offered. Major investment sources are Australia and the United States. IFDI is significant in mining, trade and the banking and finance industries. While there is considerable public disquiet regarding the levels and sources of inward investment, future prospects look strong with the recently re-elected Government committed to further privatization.
title: Church of England
title: Church of England
Creators: name: Bell, Stuart
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Church of England
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Church of England
subject: World War, 1914-1918

description: In a conflict characterized as a Holy War between “right” and “might”, the support of the Church of England for Britain’s cause was unwavering. Those who had died in the cause of good (and God) were martyrs. However, such support did not prevent Church leaders from opposing reprisals against civilians.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Orbital effects of the time-dependent component of the Pioneer anomaly
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We work out the impact that the recently determined time-dependent component of the Pioneer Anomaly (PA), interpreted as an additional exotic acceleration of gravitational origin with respect to the well known PA-like constant one, may have on the orbital motions of some planets of the solar system. By assuming that it points towards the Sun, it turns out that both the semi-major axis a and the eccentricity e of the orbit of a test particle experience secular variations. For Saturn and Uranus, for which modern data records cover at least one full orbital revolution, such predicted anomalies are up to 2-3 orders of magnitude larger than the present-day accuracies in empirical determinations their orbital parameters from the usual orbit determination procedures in which the PA was not modeled. Given the predicted huge sizes of such hypothetical signatures, it is unlikely that their absence from the presently available processed data can be attributable to an "absorption" for them in the estimated parameters caused by the fact that they were not explicitly modeled. The magnitude of a constant PA-type acceleration at 9.5 au cannot be larger than 9 10^-15 m s^-2 according to the latest observational results for the perihelion precession of Saturn.
description: LaTex2e, 7 pages, no figures, 1 table, 23 references. Version matching the one at press in Modern Physics Letters A (MPLA)
Quantification of Left Atrial and Left Ventricular Disease Progression Using High-Frequency Ultrasound
Creators: name: Salvas, John Patrick
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400304
subject: Biomedical imaging

description: Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Routine cardiac monitoring involves non-invasive imaging techniques which are also employed in clinical and preclinical research. Current echocardiographic technologies allow for robust characterization of global and regional cardiac function in a variety of cardiovascular disease states. While there is a great deal of focus on left ventricular function, left atrial function is emerging as a useful imaging biomarker to predict ventricular function and outcomes. To further explore the predictive nature of left atrial function, we employed a murine model of pressure overload and assessed the relationship between left atrial and ventricular function. Moreover, we built upon advanced four-dimensional image analysis techniques to evaluate the complex global and regional function of the left atrium not typically captured by traditional echocardiographic approaches. We then implemented these techniques in a murine model of reversible pressure overload to assess the reverse remodeling process. Furthermore, we used a similar advanced image analysis technique to monitor the progression of cardiomyopathy in empagliflozin treated and non-treated mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Overall, we employ advanced imaging techniques to expand the breadth of cardiovascular research and better understand underlying cardiovascular pathophysiology.
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss verschiedener Selenverbindungen auf das Proteom von murinem Kolongewebe mittels 2D-Gelelektrophorese
Creators: name: Rahn, Jette
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 572

description: Die Effekte des Spurenelementes Selen (Se) auf die Gesundheit als auch bei Erkrankungen werden in der Literatur kontrovers diskutiert. Um das Wissen der Se-vermittelten Wirkungen zu erweitern wurde ein Fütterungsversuch mit drei Se-Verbindungen (Selenit, Selenat, Selenomethionin) in je zwei Konzentrationen (150 μg Se/ kg Diät; 750 μg Se/ kg Diät) im Vergleich zu einem Se-Mangel durchgeführt. In den anschließenden 2D-DIGE-Experimenten wiesen die Se-Verbindungen einen heterogenen Einfluss auf das Gesamt- als auch Redoxproteom des murinen Kolongewebes auf. Ein weiterer Fütterungsversuch mit GPx2-KO-Mäusen konnte zusätzlich einen Einfluss des GPx2-KO sowie einer Selenit-Supplementierung im Vergleich zum Wildtyp bzw. zum Se-Mangel auf das murine Kolonproteom aufzeigen. Die Identifizierung neuer durch Se regulierte Proteine im murinen Kolongewebe erweitert das Verständnis der physiologischen Rolle von Se.
description: The effects of the trace element selenium (Se) on health and diseases are controversial in the literature. In order to expand the knowledge of the Se-mediated effects, a feeding experiment with three Se compounds (selenite, selenate, selenomethionine) in two concentrations (150 μg Se/ kg diet; 750 μg Se/ kg diet) compared to a Se deficiency was carried out. In the subsequent 2D-DIGE experiments, the Se compounds showed a heterogeneous influence on the total and redox proteome of the murine colon tissue. Another feeding attempt with GPx2-KO mice showed an additional influence of GPx2-KO and selenite supplementation compared to the wild type or Se deficiency on the murine colon proteome. The identification of new Se-regulated proteins in murine colon tissue enhances understanding of the physiological role of Se.