cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Connecting Researchers to Data Repositories in the Earth, Space, and Environmental Sciences
Creators: name: Witt, Michael
name: Stall, Shelley
name: Duerr, Ruth
name: Plante, Raymond
name: Fenner, Martin
name: Dasler, Robin
name: Cruse, Patricia
name: Hou, Sophie
name: Ulrich, Robert
name: Kinkade, Danie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research Data Management
FAIR Principles
Geosciences
Repositories
Data Facilities
Recommender Systems

description: The Repository Finder tool was developed to help researchers in the domain of Earth, space, and environmental sciences to identify appropriate repositories where they can deposit their research data and to promote practices that implement the FAIR Principles, encouraging progress toward sharing data that are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. Requirements for the design of the tool were gathered through a series of workshops and working groups as a part of the Enabling FAIR Data initiative led by the American Geophysical Union that included the development of a decision tree that researchers may follow in selecting a data repository, interviews with domain repository managers, and usability testing. The tool is hosted on the web by DataCite and enables a researcher to query all data repositories by keyword or to view a list of domain repositories that accept data for deposit, support open access, and provide persistent identifiers. Metadata records from the re3data.org registry of research data repositories and the returned results highlight repositories that have achieved trustworthy digital repository certification through a formal procedure such as the CoreTrust Seal.
description: Presentation that accompanied conference paper of the same title - see: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11226-4_7. Project funded by Arnold Ventures (previously known as the Laura and John Arnold Foundation).
Early Life Adversity, Traits and Opioid Addiction
Creators: name: Zumbusch, Alicia Solange
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Addiction has a negative impact on addicted individuals, their relationships and society at large. Though most adults have sampled addictive substances such as alcohol or prescription painkillers, only a small subset of them exhibit the chronic and relapsing drug use that characterizes addiction. Prior to compulsive and relapsing drug use, individuals will escalate their intake through increase dose or dose frequency. Given that escalation is the first hallmark of addiction to emerge, it is critical to the early detection of addiction. The increasing prevalence of synthetic and semi-synthetic opioids such as fentanyl is of critical concern as current treatments for opioid addiction are largely ineffective. Increasing focus on predisposing factors and early detection are essential to the prevention of opioid addiction. It is unknown what renders certain individuals more liable to develop addiction. Correlational research done in humans shows that there is a strong positive relationship between early life adversity and addiction prevalence in adulthood. The mechanism by which early life adversity impacts addiction vulnerability has not been well characterized. One way that early life adversity may increase the propensity to develop addiction is through the alteration of addiction-related behavioural traits. Several traits have been linked to addiction, namely impulsivity, novelty preference, anxiety and cue attraction. Human and rodent literature suggests that these traits are malleable and that stress during development can alter their expression. To date, no studies have experimentally examined the effects of early life adversity on the expression of addiction-related traits and self-administration behaviours in the same population. This thesis shows the first experimental evidence that early life adversity increases the prevalence of individuals expressing of multiple addiction risk traits as well as the number of individuals that escalate their opioid seeking and taking in a self-administration paradigm. Understanding the etiology of addiction and how early life stress augments the expression of addiction-related traits paves the way for the development of preventative interventions and knowing how early life adversity and addiction-related traits relate to the increased prevalence of opioid escalators will be beneficial to developing treatments for opioid addiction.
An Architectural Framework for Object Management Systems
Creators: name: Popovich, Steven S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: Much research has been done in the last decade in the closely related areas of object-oriented programming languages and databases. Both areas now seem to be working toward a common end, that of an object management system, or OMS. An OMS is constructed similarly to an OODB but provides a general purpose concurrent object oriented programming language as well, sharing the object base with the OODB query facilities. In this paper, we will define several different types of object systems (object servers, persistent OOPL‘s, OODB‘s and OMS‘s) in terms of their interfaces and capabilities. We will examine the distinguishing features and general architecture of systems of each type in the light of a general model of OMS architecture.
ADKAR Model for Instructional Technology Adoption: A Case Study Analysis for Learning or Training Department
Creators: name: Arpita Pal
name: Zahira Merchant
name: Cora Leighton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: change management
ADKAR
learning and development
adult learning
e-learning
instructional design
organizational development
human resource management
talent development

description: Instructional technology adoption in corporate and educational organizations has met several challenges and barriers, like fear of change, technology anxiety, and lack of resources, support, and training. There needs to be more research on effectively implementing instructional technologies to gauge the corporate and educational field's current instructional needs. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of instructional technology; however, implementing instructional technology like e-learning and virtual learning platforms like Zoom was initially met with a lot of resistance and ambiguity. In this exploratory study, we explored the five building blocks of the ADKAR model of change for the adoption of instructional technologies in an educational or organizational context. After introducing the concept of change management and discussing the evolution of various change models as well as instructional technologies, we describe the step-by-step process of the ADKAR change management model and present a managerial guideline for adopting organization-wide instructional technologies. Finally, we present an empirical inquiry by discussing a case study of a pharmaceutical company that applied the ADKAR model of change to influence the adoption of organizational-level instructional technology tools to improve learning outcomes and employee performance.
Improving Machine Learning Frameworks for Catalyst Simulations
Creators: name: Musielewicz, Joseph
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4602
subject: Artificial intelligence
classificationCode: 340701
subject: Computational chemistry
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: The looming threat of climate change is driving an urgent need to redesign industrial processes worldwide with new and more efficient catalysts. Machine learning methods have the potential to massively accelerate the discovery of novel catalysts, which are extremely costly and therefore slow to discover by traditional methods. Quantum mechanical simulators like Density Functional Theory (DFT) allow computational simulations to be used to discover new catalysts at great computational expense, which prevents large scale DFT efforts from meeting this demand. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as promising machine learned surrogates for DFT, with the capacity to achieve high accuracy when learning from DFT generated data and improve upon computational costs by up to O(105). However, GNNs can suffer from challenges with consistency, performance, and generalization, and require improvements to be sufficient for the task at hand. This dissertation explores the development of improved machine learning frameworks for catalyst discovery in the areas of trustability, efficiency, and adaptability. First I present Finetuna, an open source package for ac celerating catalyst simulations and efficiently acquiring new data with active learning and fine tuning. Second I demonstrate the successes and pitfalls of using Finetuna as a transfer learning strategy to adapt pre-trained GNNs to out-of-distribution structures. Third I benchmark and develop novel im provements to uncertainty quantification methods for GNNs to intelligently identify when to trust the model and when it must be adapted. Finally I ex plore the usefulness of GNNs for determining the potential energy Hessian, an extremely high value task which is related to, but not explicitly repre sented in, its training data set.
Maximal CP-Violation in Neutrino Mass Matrix in light of the latest Daya Bay result on $θ_{13}$
Creators: name: Verma, Surender
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Daya Bay Collaboration (An et al) has recently proclaimed discovery of non-zero reactor angle, $θ_{13}$, $\sin^{2}2θ_{13}$=0.092$\pm$0.016(stat)$\pm$0.005(syst), at $5.2σ$ which is in conformity with the earlier observations of Abe et al, Adamson et al and Kerret et al last year. The discovery has immense implication for exploring CP-violation in the leptonic sector. In the present work, we examine CP-violation in Majorana neutrino mass matrix, in the basis where charged lepton mass matrix is diagonal, in which the ratio of elements are equal, also, termed as Strong Scaling Ans$\ddot{a}$tz (SSA). This Ans$\ddot{a}$tz has been known to explain the vanishing of $θ_{13}$ and predict inverted hierarchy (IH) for the neutrino masses. However, to generate a non-zero value of $θ_{13}$ consistent with Daya Bay result one has to deviate from SSA. This deviation will have important implications for CP-violation in the leptonic sector and is one of the issues addressed in the present work. CP is maximally violated because, for central value of $θ_{13}$ obtained from Daya Bay experiment, Dirac-type phase $|δ|\approx \fracπ{2}$, $\frac{3 π}{2}$ which corresponds to $|J_{CP}|\approx0.03$. We have, also, studied imperative implications for Majorana-type phases $α$, $β$ and effective neutrino mass, $M_{ee}$. The Majorana-type phases $α$, $β$ are found to be sharply constrained.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, references added
Real-Time Visual Servoing
Creators: name: Allen, Peter K.
name: Yoshimi, Billibon
name: Timcenko, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper describes a new real-time tracking algorithm in conjunction with a predictive filter to allow real-time visual servoing of a robotic arm that is following a moving object. The system consists of two calibrated (but unregistered) cameras that provide images to a real-time, pipelined-parallel optic-flow algorithm that can robustly compute optic-flow and calculate the 3-D position of a moving object at approximately 5 Hz rates. These 3-D positions of the moving object serve as input to a predictive kinematic control algorithm that uses an α - β - γ filter to update the position of a robotic arm tracking the moving object. Experimental results are presented for the tracking of a moving model train in a variety of different trajectories.
Depositional, Diagenetic and Structural History of the Devonian Succession beneath the Athabasca Oil Sands of Northern Alberta
Creators: name: Garroni, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Devonian
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Three lengths of core with a cumulative total of 1038 m from the Devonian succession beneath the Athabasca oil sands in northeastern Alberta were studied in detail to better understand the depositional, diagenetic and structural history of these rocks, and ultimately to provide insights into the origin and timing of karsting in the region. The succession in the study area encompasses ten formations as well as the Precambrian crystalline basement. Facies analysis based on megascopic and microscopic observations was performed to interpret the depositional environment of each formation. Depositional environments of variable settings and bathymetry range from fluvial sandstone to basinal carbonate. Diagenetic features were also recorded for each unit, from the time of deposition to present day. Thirty-one diagenetic features were identified, their origins interpreted and integrated in elaborate paragenetic sequences for the entire succession. Additional geochemical analysis helped reinforce initial interpretations based on thin section petrography. Dissolution and thermochemical sulfate reduction of thick evaporite deposits are interpreted to have caused both karsting in the overlying sediments and extensive recrystallization of the underlying carbonates. A fault in the region, likely rooted in the crystalline basement, may have enhanced certain diagenetic processes as well as the removal of evaporites.
Live CD Cluster Performance
Creators: name: Estevez, Haronil
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper, we present a performance comparison of two linux live CD distributions, Knoppix (v.3.3) and Quantian (v 0.4.96). The library used for performance evaluation is the Parallel Image Processing Toolkit (PIPT), a software library that contains several parallel image processing routines. A set of images was chosen and a batch job of PIPT routines were run and timed using both live CD distributions. The point of comparison between the two live CDs was the total time the batch job required for completion.
Two-pulse stimulated echo in magnets
Creators: name: Zviadadze, M. D.
name: Mamniashvili, G. I.
name: Gegechkori, T. O.
name: Akhalkatsi, A. M.
name: Gavasheli, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of experimental study of two-pulse stimulated echo in ferromagnets of two types are presented. Ferromagnet Co and half-metal Co MnSi 2, in which a single-pulse echo formed by the distortion mechanism of the fronts of exciting pulse is also observed, are classified among the first type. Lithium ferrite and intermetal compound MnSb characterized by the absence of single-pulse echo in them - belong to the second type. For signals of two-pulse stimulated echo in the materials of the first type a short time and a long time of relaxations are observed. The short time is about the order of value shorter less than the spin-spin relaxation time. The long time is close to the transverse relaxation time of single-pulse echo formed by the distortion mechanism. The mechanisms that provide the possible interpretations of the peculiarities of the processes of nuclear magnetic relaxation are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
International Student Community
Creators: name: Liu, Jiayu
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: In order to receive a more advanced and diverse education, more students opt for an international status and choose to apply for overseas universities. Not only are their course loads greater than domestic students, but also, they must learn to adapt to local culture and lifestyle. Furthermore, a social stigma may present itself between student bodies, especially as for some local students, a cultural disparity with “new” people of different backgrounds inevitably leads to moments of convergence. As a sanctuary for learning and personal engagement, a campus setting will best serve as a testing grounds for this thesis proposal. University of Maryland has a collective diversity, which provides a great opportunity for development of international and local student communities. This community serves for the needs for both public space to hold people together and private space to help them feel as secure and comfortable as home. The site for the new community is located near the campus in order to strengthen the connection with University of Maryland geographically and academically. The site is also close to public transportation, which opens opportunities for various prototypes of development to nearby urban centers, such as Greenbelt, Hyattsville, and Silver Spring. This thesis is aimed to present a model for future international student communities in other universities.
Testing for autocorrelation in systems of equations
Creators: name: Dhrymes, Phoebus J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper deals with the problem of testing for the presence of autocorrelation in a system of general linear models (Seemingly Unrelated Regressions, SUR) when the model is formulated as a vector autoregression (VAR) with exogenous variables. The solution presented in this paper is a generalization of the h-statistic for the single equation single parameter case given in Durbin (1970a). All derivations are based on first principles and no use is made of Durbin's original arguments.
The AGILE observations of the hard and bright GRB 100724B
Creators: name: Del Monte, E.
name: Barbiellini, G.
name: Donnarumma, I.
name: Fuschino, F.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Longo, F.
name: Marisaldi, M.
name: Pucella, G.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Trifoglio, M.
name: Trois, A.
name: Argan, A.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Caraveo, P.
name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Chen, A.
name: Costa, E.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Di Cocco, G.
name: Evangelista, Y.
name: Feroci, M.
name: Galli, M.
name: Gianotti, F.
name: Labanti, C.
name: Lapshov, I.
name: Lazzarotto, F.
name: Lipari, P.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Moretti, E.
name: Morselli, A.
name: Pacciani, L.
name: Pellizzoni, A.
name: Perotti, F.
name: Piano, G.
name: Picozza, P.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Prest, M.
name: Rapisarda, M.
name: Rappoldi, A.
name: Sabatini, S.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Striani, E.
name: Vallazza, E.
name: Vercellone, S.
name: Vittorini, V.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Cutini, S.
name: Pittori, C.
name: Santolamazza, P.
name: Verrecchia, F.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Salotti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) in the gamma-ray band has been advanced by the AGILE and Fermi satellites after the era of the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory. AGILE and Fermi are showing that the GeV-bright GRBs share a set of common features, particularly the high fluence from the keV up to the GeV energy bands, the high value of the minimum Lorentz factor, the presence of an extended emission of gamma-rays, often delayed with respect to lower energies, and finally the possible presence of multiple spectral components. GRB 100724B, localised in a joint effort by Fermi and the InterPlanetary Newtork, is the brightest burst detected in gamma-rays so far by AGILE. Characteristic features of GRB 100724B are the simultaneous emissions at MeV and GeV, without delayed onset nor time lag as shown by the analysis of the cross correlation function, and the significant spectral evolution in hard X-rays over the event duration. In this paper we show the analysis of the AGILE data of GRB 100724B and we discuss its features in the context of the bursts observed so far in gamma-rays and the recently proposed models.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A. Final version after the correction by the language editor
High-quality polarization entanglement state preparation and manipulation in standard telecommunication channels
Creators: name: Kaiser, F.
name: Issautier, A.
name: Ngah, L. A.
name: Danila, O.
name: Herrmann, H.
name: Sohler, W.
name: Martin, A.
name: Tanzilli, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a novel and simple approach for generating near-perfect quality polarization entanglement in a fully guided-wave fashion. Both deterministic pair separation into two adjacent telecommunication channels and the paired photons' temporal walk-off compensation are achieved using standard fiber components. Two-photon interference experiments are performed, both for quantitatively demonstrating the relevance of our approach, and for manipulating the produced state between bosonic and fermionic symmetries. The compactness, versatility, and reliability of this configuration makes it a potential candidate for quantum communication applications.
description: 6 figures
Exploring Parental Views on Community Water Fluoridation and Alternative Policy Options in the Context of Cessation
Creators: name: Lang, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community water fluoridation
subject: Policy
subject: Focus groups
subject: Calgary
subject: Public Health
subject: Education--Early Childhood
subject: Education--Health
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Public Health

description: Background and Rationale: Instances of cessation of community water fluoridation (hereafter ‘fluoridation’), such as the decision to cease fluoridation in Calgary in 2011, have raised broader questions about the acceptability, to members of the public, of population-level preventive measures in public health. In the wake of fluoridation cessation in Calgary, it is important to gain an understanding of how members of the public view population-level interventions in dental health, to ensure that future policies best align with the views of those served by those policies. Conceptual Frameworks: We approached this work through the lenses of public health ethics and public engagement of science. Public health ethics focuses on populations, considering the collective rather than the individual. A public engagement with science lens explores the roles of the scientific community and of the public in framing scientific discussion. Research Objective: We sought to explore perspectives on several possible population-level dental public health interventions held by parents of young children in Calgary, Canada, where fluoridation was previously but is no longer in place. Methods: The target population was parents of young children. Using focus groups and pre- and post-focus group questionnaires, four policy approaches to preventive dental health for populations (i.e., municipal-level fluoridation; state/provincial-level fluoridation; universal dental care; and salt or milk fluoridation) were introduced and discussed. Focus group data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were developed: 1. Expert/lay relations explores how the public regards and behaves toward others who are understood to have different levels of expertise, knowledge, or credentials, vis-à-vis dental public health policy; 2. Ways of knowing explores how people use different forms and sources of information to determine whether a belief is valid; and 3. Values in public health focuses on people’s core principles regarding the importance and worth of dental public health interventions. Conclusion: Our research confirms the importance of engaging these publics in developing dental public health policies. We also found that of the four policy options presented, universal dental care was preferred, which provides some insight into attributes of population-level interventions that are acceptable to members of the public in Calgary.
Efficient Algorithms for Finding Maximal Matching in Graphs
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper surveys the techniques used for designing the most efficient algorithms for finding a maximum cardinality or weighted matching in (general or bipartite) graphs. It also lists some open problems concerning possible improvements in existing algorithms and the existence of fast parallel algorithms for these problems.
Genetic Algorithm Based Improved Sub-Optimal Model Reduction in Nyquist Plane for Optimal Tuning Rule Extraction of PID and PIλDμ Controllers via Genetic Programming
Creators: name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Pan, Indranil
name: Das, Shantanu
name: Gupta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been used in this paper for a new Nyquist based sub-optimal model reduction and optimal time domain tuning of PID and fractional order (FO) PIλDμ controllers. Comparative studies show that the new model reduction technique outperforms the conventional H2-norm based reduced order modeling techniques. Optimum tuning rule has been developed next with a test-bench of higher order processes via Genetic Programming (GP) with minimum value of weighted integral error index and control signal. From the Pareto optimal front which is a trade-off between the complexity of the formulae and control performance, an efficient set of tuning rules has been generated for time domain optimal PID and PIλDμ controllers.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures
Dynamics modelling of an electric rope shovel for collision avoidance
Creators: name: Himmelman, Nicholas Philippe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the surface mining industry, the machines used to extract materials from the earth are steadily increasing in size, making them difficult to manage safely. Rope shovels are used to excavate material and load the haul trucks that deliver the material for further processing. During the loading process, collisions between the rope shovel and the haul truck can occur. These collisions put the machine operators at risk and can damage the machines. The research presented in this thesis was conducted as part of a larger project with the aim of developing the sensing and control systems necessary for a rope shovel collision avoidance system. A sensor suite was developed to measure the joint positions and motor currents and voltages on a full scale rope shovel. A dynamics model was developed to model the machine’s dynamics. This model captured unique mechanical characteristics of the P&H machine. Using joint positions and motor currents collected with the sensor suite, a method was developed for estimating the inertia, mass, and friction parameters of the machine. A significant benefit of this estimation method was that it did not require the use of potentially noisy velocity and acceleration data obtained through successive derivatives of the position data. Using the solved inertia, mass, and friction parameter estimates, the dynamics model was able replicate the motions of the rope shovel with a mean absolute error of 3.3◦ for the dipper handle angle and 0.9◦ for the swing angle. Finally, an algorithm was proposed that used the dynamics model to forecast the motion of the machine with the aim of predicting collisions and generating warnings for the operator. The algorithm used the amount of time before a collision and the time required for the machine to stop swinging to decide how to warn the operator. The research presented in this thesis forms a strong basis for developing future rope shovel safety and control systems.
Pediatric Emergency Preparedness for Natural Disasters, Terrorism, and Public Health Emergencies: A National Consensus Conference: 2009 Update
Creators: name: Garrett, Andrew L.
name: Redlener, Irwin E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Pediatrics
Emergency management--Planning
Disaster medicine--Planning
Child disaster victims

description: This is the third consensus document in an ongoing process to convene experts from the multiple disciplines that are involved in the planning for children affected by disasters.
Poverty by Social, Religious and Economic Groups in India and Its Largest States: 1993-94 to 2011-12
Creators: name: Panagariya, Arvind
name: More, Vishal
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Taking advantage of the household expenditure data from the 68th round of the National Sample Survey, conducted in 2011-12, we offer a comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of the pattern of poverty alleviation across social, religious and economic groups in rural and urban India both nationally and at the level of the state. Poverty estimates at the Tendulkar line show that no mater what criterion we choose to slice the data (social, religious or economic groups), poverty has declined sharply between 1993-94 and 2011-12 with a significant acceleration during the faster-growth period of 2004-05 to 2011-12. Poverty rates among the Scheduled Castes have declined particularly sharply with the gap between these rates and those associated with the general population narrowing considerably. Poverty among the Scheduled Tribes has also declined with acceleration in the decline between 200405 and 2011-12 but the level remains high with significant scope and need for targeted act! ion. Surprisingly, in as many as seven out of the sixteen states for which we can credibly estimate poverty rates for both Hindus and Muslims, the poverty rate for the latter has dropped below the corresponding rate for the former. Nationally, the poverty rate among Muslims in rural areas is now within one percent of the rate for the Hindus. The gap remains nearly ten percentage points, however, in urban areas. The paper also suggests how the variation in poverty rates across groups could be used to develop criteria for the identification of the poor for purposes of targeting in social programs.
A close look at the Centaurus A group of galaxies IV. Recent star formation histories of late-type dwarfs around CenA
Creators: name: Crnojević, D.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Cole, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a sample of 5 dwarf irregular galaxies in the CenA/M83 group, which are companions to the giant elliptical CenA. We aim at deriving their physical properties over their lifetime and compare them to those of dwarfs located in different environments. We use archival HST/ACS data and apply synthetic color-magnitude diagram fitting in order to reconstruct the past star formation activity of the target galaxies. The average star formation rate for the studied galaxies ranges from 10^{-3} up to \sim 7x10^{-2} M_odot/yr, and their mean metallicities correlate with their luminosities (from [Fe/H]\sim -1.4 up to \sim -1.0). The form of the star formation histories varies across the sample, with quiescent periods alternating with intermittent enhancements in the star formation (from a few up to several times the average lifetime value). The dwarfs in this sample formed ~35% to ~60% of their stellar content prior to ~5 Gyr ago. The resulting star formation histories for the CenA companions are similar to those found for comparable Local Group and M81 group dwarfs. We consider this sample of dwarfs together with 5 previously studied M83 dwarf irregular companions. We find no trend of the average star formation rate with tidal index or distance from the main galaxy of the group. However, dwarfs with higher baryonic masses do show higher average star formation rates, underlining the importance of intrinsic properties in governing the evolution of these galaxies. On the other hand, there is also a clear trend when looking at the recent (~0.5-1 Gyr) level of activity. Namely, dwarfs within a denser region of the group appear to have had their star formation quenched while dwarfs located in the group outskirts show a wide range of possible star formation rates, thus indicating that external processes play a fundamental role, complementary to mass, in shaping the star formation histories of dwarf galaxies.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures; A&A accepted
Additional file 2: of Prevalence of CYP17A1 gene mutations in 17Îą-hydroxylase deficiency in the Chinese Han population
Creators: name: Wang, Menglin
name: Wang, Hao
name: Zhao, Haiying
name: Li, Ling
name: Liu, Min
name: Liu, Fujia
name: Meng, Fansen
name: Fan, Caini
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: 17a hydroxylase deficiency related mutations, and CYP17A1 protein three dimension structure pull graph in more detail (DOCX 299 kb)
Decomposability and Its Role in Parallel Logic-Program Evaluation
Creators: name: Wolfson, Ouri
name: Silberschatz, Avi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper is concerned with the issue of parallel evaluation of logic programs. We define the concept of program decomposability, which means that the load of evaluation can be partitioned among a number of processors, without a need for communication among them. This in turn results in a very significant speed-up of the evaluation process. Some programs are decomposable, whereas others are not. We completely syntactically characterize three classes of single rule programs with respect to decomposability: nonrecursive, simple linear, and simple chain programs. We also establish two sufficient conditions for decomposability.
Development, regulation and function of human T helper 17 cells
Creators: name: Crome, Sarah Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Adaptive immunity is controlled by CD4+ T cells that develop into functionally distinct T helper (Th) cell subsets. The paradigm that cellular immunity is mediated by Th1 cells and humoral immunity by Th2 cells has been revised upon the discovery of a third Th lineage which produces Interleukin (IL)-17 (Th17 cells). Th17 cells exhibit a unique cytokine profile compared to other Th subsets and are important for host defense against extracellular pathogens. However, aberrant expansion of Th17 cells is linked to several autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. Due to their association with dysregulated immune responses, there has been intense interest in understanding factors regulating Th17 cell development, phenotype and function. The findings herein identify several mechanisms which regulate this lineage. First, I identified a central role for a transcription factor known as retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C isoform 2 (RORC2) in the development of human Th17 cells. In order to study in vivo derived Th17 cells, a flow cytometry-based sorting method was established to isolate Th17 cells directly from peripheral blood. After defining the phenotype of these bona fide Th17 cells, I investigated their interactions with T regulatory (Treg) cells. Contrary to prior findings and RORC2 overexpression studies, Treg cells were potent inhibitors of in vivo-derived Th17 cell proliferation and suppressed their inflammatory mediators. To examine the stability of this lineage, a comprehensive study of the epigenetic phenotype of Th17 cells was performed. Further to defining Th17 cell’s epigenetic profile, examination of epigenetic marks following exposure to potent polarization conditions suggests Th17 cells are resistant to lineage conversion. Taken together, these findings provide an in-depth examination of this inflammatory T cell subset, provide new tools to study Th17 cells and elucidate mechanisms that regulate Th17 cells, thereby providing insights to aid development of therapeutic strategies for Th17-associated disorders.
‘The Female Rumi’ and Feminine Mysticism: ‘God’s Weaver’ by Parvin Iʿtisami
Creators: name: Fomeshi, Behnam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Gender studies
subject: 220306 Feminist Theory
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 130308 Gender, Sexuality and Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Parvin Iʿtisami (1907–1941), the first important twentieth-century woman poet of Iran, was well versed in classical Persian poetry. Her knowledge of English language and education at the American school for girls as well as her father’s translations from foreign literature contributed to her appreciation of modern ideas, including women’s rights. Unlike some of her contemporaries in the early twentieth century who tried to revolutionize the form of Persian poetry, she expanded the potentiality of poetic language in its traditional forms. Iʿtisami’s profound knowledge of mystical Persian literature and her awareness of gender inequality as well as her familiarity with Western literature, particularly Walt Whitman, contributed to introducing a character in the poem ‘God’s Weaver’, a spider who possessed characteristics of a female and those of a mystic. Through this character, Iʿtisami formed an association between femininity and mysticism and challenged the patriarchal system, particularly the patriarchal discourse of Persian mysticism and the lethargy of the (mostly male) mystics.
Capturing correlations in chaotic diffusion by approximation methods
Creators: name: Knight, Georgie
name: Klages, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate three different methods for systematically approximating the diffusion coefficient of a deterministic random walk on the line which contains dynamical correlations that change irregularly under parameter variation. Capturing these correlations by incorporating higher order terms, all schemes converge to the analytically exact result. Two of these methods are based on expanding the Taylor-Green-Kubo formula for diffusion, whilst the third method approximates Markov partitions and transition matrices by using the escape rate theory of chaotic diffusion. We check the practicability of the different methods by working them out analytically and numerically for a simple one-dimensional map, study their convergence and critically discuss their usefulness in identifying a possible fractal instability of parameter-dependent diffusion, in case of dynamics where exact results for the diffusion coefficient are not available.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
DOM-based Content Extraction of HTML Documents
Creators: name: Gupta, Suhit
name: Neistadt, David
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Grimm, Peter
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: Web pages often contain clutter around the body of the article as well as distracting features that take away from the true information that the user is pursuing. This can range from pop-up ads to flashy banners to unnecessary images and links scattered around the screen. Extraction of 'useful and relevant' content from web pages, has many applications ranging from lightweight environments, like cell phone and PDA browsing, to speech rendering for the visually impaired, to text summarization Most approaches to removing the clutter or making the content more readable involves either changing the size of the font or simply removing certain HTML-denoted components like images, thus taking away from the webpage's inherent look and feel. Unlike Content Reformatting, which aims to reproduce the entire webpage in a more convenient form, our solution directly addresses Content Extraction. We have developed a framework that employs an easily extensible set of techniques that incorporate advantages of previous work on content extraction while limiting the disadvantages. Our key insight is to work with the Document Object Model tree (after parsing and correcting the HTML), rather than with raw HTML markup. We have implemented our approach in a publicly available Web proxy that anyone can use to extract content from HTML web pages for their own purposes.
Regulation of Energy Balance by Dietary Protein
Creators: name: Zapata, Rizaldy C.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: energy balance
subject: protein restriction
subject: high protein diets
subject: whey proteins
subject: lactalbumin
subject: lactoferrin
subject: peptide YY
subject: domestic cats
subject: fibroblast growth factor 21
subject: protein leverage hypothesis
subject: tryptophan
subject: histidine
subject: energy expenditure
subject: Animal Physiology
subject: Veterinary Science
subject: Nutrition

description: The protein leverage hypothesis posits that protein restriction triggers a compensatory hyperphagia to facilitate the acquirement of the animal's protein needs whereas protein excess elicit hypophagia as the animal's protein requirement is met at a lesser calorie intake. However, the effects of dietary protein on energy expenditure and the underlying mechanisms are not well-established. Moreover, the domestic cat has potential to more closely model human obesity and diabetes; however, the role of dietary protein in the secretion of metabolic hormones has not been well-studied in cats. In this thesis, the effects of protein-restricted diets, tryptophan or histidine-restricted diets, and diets with excess protein on energy intake, energy expenditure, body weight and composition, gut hormones, glucose clearance, key protein and glucose metabolism markers and thermogenesis were determined in rodent models of diet-induced obesity. In addition, the tissue distribution of the transcripts for proglucagon, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, peptide YY and their cognate receptors in feline peripheral tissues and the effects of the consumption of high-protein diets on the concentrations of circulating metabolites and metabolic hormones were determined in lean, overweight and diabetic cats. Using diet-induced obese rats and a clinical population of domestic cats, this work provided important insights on the mechanisms by which dietary protein regulates energy balance. First, moderately restricting dietary protein transiently promoted hyperphagia yet robustly increased energy expenditure. Second, tryptophan restriction partially recapitulates the age-dependent effects of moderate protein restriction on energy intake and expenditure. Third, the protein source has a significant contribution on the hypophagic and thermogenic effects of high-protein diets, with the increased PYY signaling and reduced diet preference mediating this reduction in energy intake, but not thermogenesis. Finally, although there were inherent differences in plasma concentrations of metabolic hormones between lean, overweight and diabetic cats, protein consumption alone did not alter weight or the secretion of these hormones. Collectively, dietary protein greatly influences energy balance in rodent models of human obesity, but has minimal impact in domestic cats.
Solar Car Chassis Design and Optimization Using PBL and Design of Experiment
Creators: name: Moayyedian, Mehdi
name: Alateeqi, Ameena
name: Alzuabi, Dalal
name: Burhama, Reem
name: Alathari, Shouq
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: A beneficial project is defined and implemented for the senior project of bachelor students of mechanical engineering program in the school of engineering at American University of The Middle East (AUM). Students need to design, analysis, and optimize a solar car chassis using Design of Experiment (DOE). It is required that the design process and DOE implementation are conducted in 14 weeks based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) method. The main elements of PBL for this project are the ability to understand the project, analyze and resolve problems, and have a teamwork and leadership ability in addition to independent responsibility. The design of the chassis and an analysis of the stress loads are conducted using SolidWorks. Four designs are proposed to obtain an optimum design using DOE and PBL. By optimizing the chassis design, students determined the factor of safety of 10.8 and the weight of 56.4 kg.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Global regularity for the supercritical dissipative quasi-geostrophic equation with large dispersive forcing
Creators: name: Cannone, M.
name: Miao, C.
name: Xue, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the 2D quasi-geostrophic equation with supercritical dissipation and dispersive forcing in the whole space. When the dispersive amplitude parameter is large enough, we prove the global well-posedness of strong solution to the equation with large initial data. We also show the strong convergence result as the amplitude parameter goes to $\infty$. Both results rely on the Strichartz-type estimates for the corresponding linear equation.
description: 26pages
Use of Project-Based Learning in Preparation of Education Managers: Case of Post-Soviet Azerbaijan
Creators: name: Mammadova, Lala
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: This study explores the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in Master of Education Management Programs in two Azerbaijani universities. The aim was to find out if the sample universities integrate projects into their programs using a systematic PBL model. Interviews with the faculty and administration were conducted and the curricula of programs were scrutinized to assess the level of the consistency in the subjects on offer. Although the courses in both programs are quite suitable for PBL integration, only in one of the sample universities was there evidence of extensive use of projects, albeit mainly in a single assignment level. The results show that Azerbaijani universities need to develop a well-structured PBL model adapted to the local context. The results of the interviews emphasize the crucial role of PBL in the acquisition of employable skills and competences in education management. Major limitations in the process of PBL implementation include a lack of awareness about PBL, inadequate organizational support in the form of staff trainings, the provision of facilities and negotiations with stakeholders.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Additional file 1 of Analytic Pearson residuals for normalization of single-cell RNA-seq UMI data
Creators: name: Lause, Jan
name: Berens, Philipp
name: Kobak, Dmitry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Contains supplementary Figures S1–S7.