cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
International organizations
Creators: name: Kuranga, David
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Do international organizations have power in the international system? This study  evaluates the impact of regional international organizations in modern global affairs. The study employs statistical and case study research to uncover the process involved in regional intervention in support of constitutional order. It weighs the impact of  regional organizations vis-à-vis regional powers and powerful states at the global-  level. The empirical findings show that regional organizations hold power independent and at times greater than powerful states in the international system. Realism remains the dominant theory in international relations, yet current global trends evidenced from this project question the usefulness of realist-based assumptions that states are the sole dominant actors in the international system, even in world filled with international organizations.
Engineered extracellular vesicles for delivering functional Cas9/gRNA to eliminate hepatitis B virus cccDNA and integration
Creators: name: Zeng, Wanjia
name: Zheng, Liwei
name: Li, Yukun
name: Yang, Jing
name: Mao, Tianhao
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Liu, Yanna
name: Ning, Jing
name: Zhang, Ting
name: Huang, Hongxin
name: Chen, Xiangmei
name: Lu, Fengmin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The persistence of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and HBV integration into the host genome in infected hepatocytes pose significant challenges to the cure of chronic HBV infection. Although CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing shows promise for targeted clearance of viral genomes, a safe and efficient delivery method is currently lacking. Here, we developed a novel approach by combining light-induced heterodimerization and protein acylation to enhance the loading efficiency of Cas9 protein into extracellular vesicles (EVs). Moreover, vesicular stomatitis virus-glycoprotein (VSV-G) was incorporated onto the EVs membrane, significantly facilitating the endosomal escape of Cas9 protein and increasing its gene editing activity in recipient cells. Our results demonstrated that engineered EVs containing Cas9/gRNA and VSV-G can effectively reduce viral antigens and cccDNA levels in the HBV-replicating and infected cell models. Notably, we also confirmed the antiviral activity and high safety of the engineered EVs in the HBV-replicating mouse model generated by hydrodynamic injection and the HBV transgenic mouse model. In conclusion, engineered EVs could successfully mediate functional CRISPR/Cas9 delivery both in vitro and in vivo, leading to the clearance of episomal cccDNA and integrated viral DNA fragments, and providing a novel therapeutic approach for curing chronic HBV infection.
Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Sexual conflict explains the extraordinary diversity of mechanisms regulating mitochondrial inheritance
Creators: name: Arunas Radzvilavicius
name: Lane, Nick
name: Pomiankowski, Andrew
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Alternative sampling does not affect the qualitative outcome of the model. Pairwise invasibility plots (PIPs) for the maternal allele controlling paternal leakage π. (a) Sampling without replacement from both gametes. The maternal transition matrix is Φ i , j π = j i − j M − j 1 − π M − i + j M 1 − π M − 1 $$ {\Phi}_{i,j}^{\left(\pi \right)}=\left(\begin{array}{c}j\\ {}i-j\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}M-j\\ {}\left[1-\pi \right]M-i+j\end{array}\right){\left(\begin{array}{c}M\\ {}\left[1-\pi \right]M\end{array}\right)}^{-1} $$ while the paternal matrix Φ i,j (π) remains the same as in Eq. (7). (b) PIP produced with the original sampling method (Eqs. (6) and (7)). (c) PIP for sampling with replacement from both gametes. The paternal transition matrix is Ψ i , j π = π M i j M i 1 − j M π M − i $$ {\Psi}_{i,j}^{\left(\pi \right)}=\left(\begin{array}{c}\pi M\\ {}i\end{array}\right){\left(\frac{j}{M}\right)}^i{\left(1-\frac{j}{M}\right)}^{\pi M-i} $$ while the maternal sampling remains the same as in Eq. (6). (d–f) PIPs for the paternal allele controlling paternal leakage π. (d) Sampling without replacement from both gametes. (e) PIP produced with the original sampling method (Eqs. (6) and (7)). (f) PIP for sampling with replacement from both gametes. (DOCX 1590 kb)
Leiocassis kaifenensis Tchang 1934
Creators: name: Ye, Enqi
name: Xing, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chunguang
name: Zhao, Yahui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Bagridae
Leiocassis
Leiocassis kaifenensis

description: Leiocassis kaifenensis Tchang, 1934 (Fig. 66)
= Tachysurus kaifenensis (Tchang, 1934)
Holotype. 19942 (8625), Kaifeng City, Henan Province, P. R. China, no date.
description: Published as part of Ye, Enqi, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Chunguang & Zhao, Yahui, 2015, Catalogue of the type specimens in the fish collection of the National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, pp. 10-113 in Zootaxa 3962 (1) on page 76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/233837
Don't abandon "our boat"
Creators: name: Rofheart, Mahriana
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The dissertation argues that contemporary Senegalese novelists and hip-hop artists articulate local and global connections as a strategy to address the difficulties of emigration from Senegal. The project examines the way that novelists Aminata Sow Fall, Ken Bugul, and Fatou Diome as well as several hip-hop artists including WaGëblë, Awadi, 3GGA, and Simon Bisbi Clan approach emigration and return. The works of these authors and artists are set in contrast to earlier texts from Senegal that examine migration, wherein it is difficult and often impossible to maintain connections either in Senegal or abroad, resulting in tragic outcomes. Earlier works examined include those by Ousmane Socé, Cheikh Hamidou Kane, and Ousmane Sembene. Using literary and visual analysis of the written texts and hip-hop songs and videos, the dissertation demonstrates how the recent works strategically utilize local, national, and global affiliations to address emigration productively. Ultimately, the project demonstrates that these texts point to the need for a revised critical understanding of migration narratives from Senegal that takes into account the full complexity of the affiliations and backgrounds that are often central to the texts.
A modified recombinant adenovirus vector containing dual rabies virus G expression cassettes confers robust and long-lasting humoral immunity in mice, cats, and dogs
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Fang, Lingying
name: Wang, Zongmei
name: Zhang, Chengguang
name: Zhao, Jianqing
name: Daemi, Hakimeh Baghaei
name: Zhang, Mai
name: Yuan, Liwen
name: Han, Xiaohu
name: Li, Linfeng
name: Fu, Zhen F.
name: Zhou, Ming
name: Zhao, Ling
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: During the COVID-19 epidemic, the incidence of rabies has increased in several countries, especially in remote and disadvantaged areas, due to inadequate surveillance and declining immunization coverage. Multiple vaccinations with inactivated rabies virus vaccines for pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis are considered inefficient, expensive and impractical in developing countries. Herein, three modified human recombinant adenoviruses type 5 designated Adv-RVG, Adv-E1-RVG, and Adv-RVDG, carrying rabies virus G (RVG) expression cassettes in various combinations within E1 or E3 genomic regions, were constructed to serve as rabies vaccine candidates. Adv-RVDG mediated greater RVG expression both in vitro and in vivo and induced a more robust and durable humoral immune response than the rabies vaccine strain SAD-L16, Adv-RVG, and Adv-E1-RVG by more effectively activating the dendritic cells (DCs)- follicular helper T (Tfh) cells- germinal centre (GC) / memory B cells (MBCs)- long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) axis with 100% survival after a lethal RABV challenge in mice during the 24-week study period. Similarly, dogs and cats immunized with Adv-RVDG showed stronger and longer-lasting antibody responses than those vaccinated with a commercial inactivated rabies vaccine and showed good tolerance to Adv-RVDG. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that simultaneous insertion of protective antigens into the E1 and E3 genomic regions of adenovirus vector can significantly enhance the immunogenicity of adenoviral-vectored vaccines, providing a theoretical and practical basis for the subsequent development of multivalent and multi-conjugated vaccines using recombinant adenovirus platform. Meanwhile, our data suggest Adv-RVDG is a safe, efficient, and economical vaccine for mass-coverage immunization.
Additional file 7: Table S2A. of Functional evaluation of sublingual microcirculation indicates successful weaning from VA-ECMO in cardiogenic shock
Creators: name: Akin, Sakir
name: Miranda, Dinis Dos Reis
name: Caliskan, Kadir
name: Soliman, Osama
name: Goksel Guven
name: Struijs, Ard
name: Thiel, Robert Van
name: Jewbali, Lucia
name: Lima, Alexandre
name: Gommers, Diederik
name: Zijlstra, Felix
name: Ince, Can
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Shows microcirculatory changes during weaning attempts. Table S2B. Shows microcirculatory differences at baseline VA-ECMO flow. Table S2C. shows microcirculatory differences between baseline and reduced VA-ECMO flow. Table S3. Shows correlation between microcirculatory and echocardiographic parameters for the prediction of successful weaning from VA-ECMO. Table S4A. Shows comparison of the ROC curves of microcirculatory and echocardiographic parameters for the prediction of successful weaning from VA-ECMO. Table S4B. Shows comparison of the ROC curves of microcirculatory and echocardiographic parameters for the prediction of successful weaning from VA-ECMO. (DOCX 27 kb)
Effects of drying methods on the stability of 2, 4-decadienal encapsulated in an o/w nanoemulsion
Creators: name: Lee, Diana
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The flavor industry has utilized many encapsulation methods in order to provide customers with stable flavors that maintain their integrity during various processing procedures. Savory flavors in particular have a unique hurdle to overcome, as they are subject to extreme temperature abuse, such as frying, baking, sautéing, and boiling. Highly sensitive compounds such as 2,4-Decadienal, that provide distinct characteristics to savory foods such as french fries and chicken, are particularly susceptible to change during these processes. Using oil in water nanoemulstions of diameters between 20-800 nanometers as well as various drying methods to encapsulate volatile compounds have been an exciting avenue for flavor encapsulation. The present research will focus on the stability of 2,4-Decadienal using oil in water  nanoparticles of medium chain triglycerides (Neobee) in addition to multilayer encapsulation; spray drying and freeze drying.  A slurry of 2,4-decadienal, maltodextrin, gum, Neobee and water were homogenized via high speed at 13,500 rpm and high pressure under 1500 bar to create a stable nanoemulsion. Half of the emulsion was then spray dried, while the remaining emulsion was freeze dried.  Powdered finished samples were stored at 5°C (refrigeration), 25°C (ambient), 40°C (summer day), and 60°C (abuse/accelerated) for thirty days.  Gas Chromatography with a flame ionization detector was used to measure ppm levels of 2,4-Decadienal in samples on appointed days. Mass Chromatography was then used to determine degradation compounds. Freeze-dried samples yielded the best protection against oxidation, retro-aldol condensation, and over all degradation by as much as 50% amongst the widest range of shelf life temperatures. Higher temperature storage allowed twice as much development of degradation products, such as 2-octenal, hexanal, octanoic acid, hexanoic acid, and 2-nonenal compared to refrigerated storage. Freeze dried encapsulation faired the best at refrigeration temperatures due to its crystalline structure. Medium chain triglycerides nanoparticles proved to be beneficial in retaining volatile compounds in conjunction with freeze drying. The higher heat, the longer the holding time, and the larger amount of oxygen present, accelerated 2,4-decadienal degradation in any encapsulation method. This study found that freeze drying a lipid nanoparticle with a volatile aldehyde, proved to be superior in retaining and preventing degradation compared to that of spray drying. Overall, the encapsulated samples retained 2,4-Decadienal significantly better than the unprotected reference. Future studies using various solid lipids should be examined.
The Bloom's syndrome DNA helicase complex
Creators: name: Chen, Chi-Fu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Bloom's Syndrome (BS) is a rare human disease characterized by genome instability and cancer predispostion. The gene mutated in BS, BLM, encodes a member of the RecQ family of DNA helicases. This family consists of five human paralogs that play crucial roles in guarding against DNA rearrangements. All BLM orthologs, including budding yeast Sgs1, bind stably to a protein complex composed of DNA topoisomerase 3α (Top3) and the OB-fold protein Rmi1. Although the BLM/Sgs1 complex is known to suppress homologous recombination, it's mechanism of action is unknown.   I found that a stable Top3-Rmi1 complex can be isolated from yeast cells overexpressing these two subunits and it shows increased superhelical relaxation activity compared to Top3 alone. The Rmi1 subunit also stimulates Top3 activity in reconstitution experiments. In both cases, elevated temperatures are required for optimal relaxation unless the substrate contains a ssDNA bubble. Interestingly, Rmi1 binds only weakly to ssDNA on its own, but it stimulates the ssDNA binding activity of Top3 five-fold. Top3 and Rmi1 also cooperate to bind the Sgs1 N-terminus and promote its interaction with single-strand (ss) DNA. In addition to the highly-conserved DNA helicase domain, all BLM/Sgs1 orthologs contain a large (652 aa) N-terminal domain that has no known catalytic activity. To determine the function of the N-terminal domain, I assayed truncated Sgs1 proteins for ssDNA binding activity. I identified a sub-domain of the Sgs1 N-terminus (SE, aa #103-322) that displays in vitro ssDNA binding, ssDNA annealing and strand exchange (SE) activities. These activities are conserved in the human and Drosophila orthologs. Strand exchange between duplex DNA and homologous ssDNA requires no cofactors and is inhibited by a single mismatched base-pair. The SE domain of Sgs1 is required in vivo for the suppression of hyper-recombination, suppression of synthetic-lethality and heteroduplex rejection. The top3∆ slow-growth phenotype is also SE-dependent. Surprisingly, the highly divergent SE domain from human BLM functions in yeast. Thus, SE activity is a new molecular function of BLM/Sgs1 that is conserved in other recombinases. The data suggest that at least one role of SE is to mediate the strand-passage events catalyzed by Top3-Rmi1.
Mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance in glioma
Creators: name: Hamed, Salaheldin
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Gliomas are refractory to chemotherapy because of acquired resistance, which is associated with changes in important cellular processes, such as cell cycle kinetics and cell death. The mechanistic relationship between resistance markers and failure of chemotherapy remains to be elucidated. To that end, identification of biological systems and their interactions is of great promise.   We characterized the pharmacological response of glioma cell lines to chemotherapeutic drugs, carmustine and etoposide. We developed a cell cycle structured mathematical model that reproduces the dynamics of dose response of cells to the two chemotherapeutic agents based on two parameters relating to cell cycle arrest and cell death.  We have shown that the model can provide a quantitative distinction between the influence of these two processes on tumor cells simply from pharmacological dose response curves, from which mechanism is not obtained using traditional analyses. The model suggests that carmustine elicits its effect via cell death, while etoposide primarily induces cell cycle arrest. We have also applied this methodology to track acquisition resistance to chemotherapy.   We have generated a panel of glioma cell lines resistant to carmustine by incremental stepwise exposure to sublethal doses of the drug. To characterize molecular events underlying response of resistant and parent cell lines to carmustine, we performed gene expression profiling using micaroarrays followed by functional network analysis. We found that NFκB activation is implicated in the response to carmustine, and resistant cells exhibit increased survival mediated by inflammatory responses. In addition, resistant cells induce genes promoting cell cycle arrest and repress genes implicated in cell cycle phase transitions and proliferation. In agreement with gene expression results, we found that resistant cells exhibit decreased cell death and rapid and efficient arrest. We have characterized the DNA repair capacity, which is known to modulate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.   Our results provide insights into molecular pathways involved in resistance to carmustine in vitro. If they prove to hold for gliomas in human patients, these results can point the way towards improved therapeutic regimens that act upon NFκB mediated cell survival module in concert with cell cycle checkpoint abrogators.
Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Sexual conflict explains the extraordinary diversity of mechanisms regulating mitochondrial inheritance
Creators: name: Arunas Radzvilavicius
name: Lane, Nick
name: Pomiankowski, Andrew
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Alternative sampling does not affect the qualitative outcome of the model. Pairwise invasibility plots (PIPs) for the maternal allele controlling paternal leakage π. (a) Sampling without replacement from both gametes. The maternal transition matrix is Φ i , j π = j i − j M − j 1 − π M − i + j M 1 − π M − 1 $$ {\Phi}_{\mathrm{i},\mathrm{j}}^{\left(\pi \right)}=\left(\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{j}\\ {}\mathrm{i}-\mathrm{j}\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{M}-\mathrm{j}\\ {}\left[1-\pi \right]\mathrm{M}-\mathrm{i}+\mathrm{j}\end{array}\right){\left(\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{M}\\ {}\left[1-\pi \right]\mathrm{M}\end{array}\right)}^{-1} $$ while the paternal matrix Φ i,j (π) remains the same as in Eq. (7). (b) PIP produced with the original sampling method (Eqs. (6) and (7)). (c) PIP for sampling with replacement from both gametes. The paternal transition matrix is Ψ i , j π = π M i j M i 1 − j M π M − i $$ {\Psi}_{\mathrm{i},\mathrm{j}}^{\left(\pi \right)}=\left(\begin{array}{c}\pi \mathrm{M}\\ {}\mathrm{i}\end{array}\right){\left(\frac{\mathrm{j}}{\mathrm{M}}\right)}^{\mathrm{i}}{\left(1-\frac{\mathrm{j}}{\mathrm{M}}\right)}^{\pi \mathrm{M}-\mathrm{i}} $$ while the maternal sampling remains the same as in Eq. (6). (d–f) PIPs for the paternal allele controlling paternal leakage π. (d) Sampling without replacement from both gametes. (e) PIP produced with the original sampling method (Eqs. (6) and (7)). (f) PIP for sampling with replacement from both gametes. (DOCX 1590 kb)
Genetic and chemical variation in North American populations of the medicinal plant wild tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus L.)
Creators: name: Eisenman, Sasha
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Artemisia dracunculus L. (wild tarragon; Asteraceae) is a polymorphic, herbaceous perennial with a distribution spanning western North America (NA), Eastern Europe and most of temperate Asia. Wild tarragon has been widely used as a folk remedy for numerous ailments and seven compounds (davidigenin, sakuranetin, 6-demethoxycapillarisin, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 2',4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone and 2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone), previously isolated from the plant, have shown bioactivity in studies on type 2 diabetes. The species is known to have diploid to decaploid individuals and the production of some phytochemicals has been shown to vary between cytotypes. Focusing on populations in the U.S., four main areas were investigated, 1) the geographical distribution of cytotypes, 2) the influence of cytotype, environment, and genetics on qualitative and quantitative  iii  variation of the seven compounds, 3) essential oil diversity, and 4) genetic diversity and structuring of the populations. The main findings of these investigations were that diploids and polyploids were found in Eurasia, while only diploids were found in NA. In qualitative chemical investigations, decaploid plants were found to contain all the target compounds, while only sakuranetin, trace amounts of 6-demethoxycapillarisin, and complex mixtures of various caffeoylquinic and di-O-caffeoylquinic acids were detected in diploids from the U.S. In the quantitative analyses, sakuranetin levels varied between wild individuals and their cultivated clones, but the same four sites had the highest average production in both wild and common garden conditions. Essential oils extracted from NA populations represent a number of new chemotypes for the region. Primary components included (Z)-β-ocimene, methyl eugenol, methyl chavicol and α-terpinolene. Many of the samples had significant concentrations of the phenylacetylenes capillene, 5-phenyl-1,3-pentadiyne and 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadiyne. The isocoumarinic acetylene, capillarin, was also found in the majority of samples but in low amounts. Four different genetic diversity indices were calculated and all returned comparable values, with ~78% genetic variation within populations and ~22% of the variation between populations. In a cluster analysis, based on genetic distances, populations with high sakuranetin production were grouped together. In conclusion, ploidy level was correlated with the presence of medicinal compounds, while both genetics and environment were found to influence quantitative variation of sakuranetin.
Apenesia malaitensis Brues 1918
Creators: name: Alencar, Isabel D. C. C.
name: Azevedo, Celso O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Bethylidae
Apenesia
Apenesia malaitensis

description: Apenesia malaitensis Brues, 1918
Apenesia malaitensis Brues 1918, 62: 124–125. ♀; Fouts 1936, 18: 8 (catalog); Gordh & Móczár 1990, 46: 206 (catalog).
Diagnosis (extracted from literature). Female. Length 4.8 mm. Color. Body castaneous. Mandible with two apical teeth, apical tooth much larger then inner one. Clypeus sharply elevated medially. Eye small, oval. Malar space short. Frons aciculate, punctures small and sparse. Head elongate with sides subparallel, vertex slightly weakly concave, 1/4 × longer than wide. Pronotum 1/2 × longer than wide; neck visible from above disc with sides parallel, anterior margin with median emargination. Mesotibia strongly spinose. Metasoma as long as head and mesosoma together.
Comments. We were not able to examine the type (MCZH). This diagnosis was obtained from Brues (1918). According to him, A. malaitensis is similar to A. proxima in color but the former has the head elongate, whereas the latter has the head subquadrate.
Distribution. Australian (Solomons Is.).
description: Published as part of Alencar, Isabel D. C. C. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2020, Revision of the world Apenesia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4724 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4724.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3612936
Analytical method development for measurement of unregulated organic contaminants in aqueous samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Yoon, Min
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) such as pharmaceuticals, hormones, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are of growing environmental and public health concern. These OWCs were found in U.S. drinking water supplies according to nationwide studies by the U.S. Geological Survey.  Many OWCs are not, however, regulated or routinely monitored in drinking water.  The objective of this dissertation was to develop and optimize analytical methods for trace analysis of unregulated organic contaminants in drinking water sources. Furthermore, household water treatment-processes were studied to measure the efficacy of removal of these unregulated organic contaminants from drinking water samples. Two liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry systems (LC-IT-MS/MS) were compared for rapid, reliable and sensitive detection of the most abundant PFCs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). An ultra performance LC-linear IT-MS/MS achieved the lowest detection limits measured, 0.03pg and 0.24pg for PFOA and PFOS respectively, which were approximately two orders of magnitude more sensitive than an LC-IT-MS/MS.  With the increased sensitivity, the direct analysis of PFOA/S without solid phase extraction pre-concentration steps was also demonstrated.  In addition, MS methods using Full Scan, Single Ion Monitoring, and MS/MS were compared and optimized for a sensitive analysis of PFCs.  A novel rapid method was created by switching polarity for the simultaneous analysis of twenty unregulated compounds, including pharmaceuticals. Sensitive method detection limits were achieved in the range of sub ng/L to hundreds ng/L for all target compounds. An optimized analytical method was applied to quantify low ng/L levels of these target compounds in field water samples from regions throughout New Jersey. Eight target compounds were measured below 1µg/L and two target compounds (i.e. metformin and estradiol) were measured slightly above 1µg/L in the field water samples. Finally, granular activated carbon (GAC) and ion resin (Brita™) filtration, ozonation, and microwave heating were tested for efficacy at removing 20 target compounds in drinking water samples. The GAC/ion resin mechanism with adsorption properties demonstrated greater removal of the target compounds than the other two mechanisms.  Even this water treatment-process only partially removed these target compounds with its mean removal of ≤ 66%.
Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the Paleocene-Lowermost Eocene, New Jersey coastal plain
Creators: name: Harris, Ashley
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This study uses a high-resolution integrated sequence stratigraphic method to  determine the paleoecologic, paleoceanographic, and sea-level changes during the  Paleocene-early Eocene. One of the more intriguing problems in paleoceanography is  determining the cause of large sea-level changes of > 20 m in < 1 Myr during the  "greenhouse" interval. The principal hypotheses presented here suggest a glacioeustatic  mechanism for sea-level change during the Paleocene-earliest Eocene. A  multidisciplinary approach was implemented utilizing sequence stratigraphic core  description, carbon and oxygen isotope analysis, benthic foraminiferal biofacies, and  biostratigraphy (nannofossils) to evaluate the magnitude of sea-level changes and  possible eustatic mechanisms. The bulk of this study was conducted on the New Jersey  coastal plain because of its well-known geologic history, excellent microfossil  preservation, and well known sequence stratigraphic framework due to the drilling efforts  of ODP Legs 150X and 174AX.  The foundation of this study (Chapter 1) includes a detailed sequence  stratigraphic analysis of Paleocene-lowermost Eocene sequences. This study identified  seven Paleocene-lowermost Eocene sequences and corresponding paleodepths.  Paleodepths were ~80 m during the early Paleocene, with a maximum water depth of 100  m at Bass River. A long-term shallowing of ~20 m is observed through the middle-late  Paleocene toward the earliest Eocene. The shallowing trend reverses, with a water depth  increase to ~120-150 m (Chapter 2). The New Jersey sequences correlate with those in  other localities and δ18O increases in deep sea (Chapter 3), suggesting a glacioeustatic  mechanism for sea-level change during the Paleocene-earliest Eocene.  The New Jersey coastal plain also provides an excellent record of the Paleocene-  Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and Carbon Isotope Excursion (CIE). The  PETM/CIE is distinguished by the occurrence of an unusual assemblage of coccolithophorids, referred to as the "RD". This study tested the first appearance of the  RD in relation to a CIE precursor found in the New Jersey coastal plain and utilized  paleodepths to construct one of the few sea-level records calibrated to the PETM and the  mechanisms responsible for a 30-60 m eustatic rise during this interval.
Quinqueloculina
Creators: name: Mamo, Briony L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Foraminifera
Tubothalamea
Miliolida
Hauerinidae
Quinqueloculina

description: Quinqueloculina sp. 1 (Fig10:18, 19)
Emended description (after Parker 2009): Test elongate, slender, quinqueloculine coiled with acute periphery bearing a slight carina. Both oral and aboral ends produced; aboral end rounded, oral end bearing a short, thin neck. Chambers compressed, but maintain consistent width throughout their length. Sutures distinct, but not deeply depressed. Test wall ornamented by rough, fine, uneven striae. Rounded, terminal aperture; dentition unknown.
Remarks. Despite the damaged nature of the available material, this species bears a striking resemblance to Quinqueloculina sp. 19 from Ningaloo Reef (Parker 2009, fig. 230). Without the complete aperture however, a precise taxonomic assignment cannot be made with confidence.
Distribution within study area. This species was only collected from site 36 in One Tree Lagoon 1.
description: Published as part of Mamo, Briony L., 2016, Benthic Foraminifera from the Capricorn Group, Great Barrier Reef, Australia, pp. 1-123 in Zootaxa 4215 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4215.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/272923
Conocimiento lingüístico del pretérito y del imperfecto en los estudiantes de herencia Hispana
Creators: name: Granja-Falconi, Fanny
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The knowledge of preterite/imperfect in Heritage bilingual students (Spanish/English) born in the USA is examined. Previously, their aspectual domain has been evaluated in terms of incomplete acquisition (Montrul, 2002 a and b) and reduction/simplification of simple past forms (Silva-Corvalán, 1994), but not in terms of optionality. In this study, existing POA, difference of the languages, semantic properties and optionality theories are revaluated. In their production, the aspectual differences of both languages are analyzed, particularly under a model of English origin, which favors [+perfective] aspectual characteristic in the correspondence of lexical class and morphology. In their comprehension, the languages functional characteristics differences are analyzed considering the relationship between morphology, abstract characteristics and syntactic structure in the recognition of the [+punctual]/[+continue] readings and the distinction of semantic interpretations. Then, optionality sceneries of preterite/imperfect are identified. Heritage bilinguals (n = 25) of New Jersey are compared with Spanish monolinguals (n = 25) through two production tests and two comprehension tasks. It is found that Heritage bilinguals: have knowledge of Spanish aspectual system, but differ from monolinguals; behave better in the comprehension; and show preference in the use of preterite with telic verbs and certain difficulties in the use of imperfect with atelic verbs. Also, in the Heritage bilinguals, the effect of the Spanish lexical value is not clear in the non-prototypical test, where the effect of the context destabilizes their performance. In addition, interference of the [+perfective] characteristic in the different lexical classes is noticed; however, it does not completely explain their behavior with stative verbs. As far as the syntactic-semantic interface they understand the [+punctual] reading with th epreterite and the [+continue] reading with the imperfect of achievements, states and, although with indecision, accomplishments verbs. Additionally, they recognize [+/-perfective] semantic interpretations, except the specific one of the perfective. Finally, they access to optional syntactic-semantic operations with both eventive verbs and estative verbs with [+/- perfective] characteristics, particularly due to the preference for the aspectual [+perfective] characteristic or to the overgeneralization of the imperfect. It is noticed that in some cases they accentuate certain optional tendencies already present in monolinguals.
Asymptotic enumeration of 2- and 3-SAT functions
Creators: name: Ilinca, Liviu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: We are interested in the number, G(k,n), of Boolean functions of n variables definable by k-SAT formulae.    First, in Chapter 2, we give  an alternate proof of a conjecture of Bollobas, Brightwell and Leader, first proved by P. Allen, giving the asymptotics for G(2,n). One step in the proof determines the asymptotics of the number of "odd-blue-triangle-free" graphs on n vertices.    Then, in Chapter 3, we prove asymptotics for G(3,n). This is a strong form of the case k=3 of a conjecture of Bollobas et al., that for fixed k asks for the asymptotics of the logarithm of G(k,n).
Large format and mediation of the natural world
Creators: name: Nucci, Mary
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Large format films, specifically those associated with science centers, museums and historical sites, offer a visual experience that engages the viewer through an immersive, engaging response to the large images.  Commonly referenced as IMAX® films, these films come closest to the total cinema posited by Bazin which would offer a complete representation of the world.  The strict display requirement for these films has resulted in their association with institutional venues and implicates them in the dissemination of ideology and cultural knowledges.  Through a multimethod critical cultural analysis of production (political economy), text (close reading combining a textual and shot by shot analyses), and audience response (content analysis) to the large format film Yellowstone, the research presented here asked, "How are nature, Yellowstone National Park, and the National Park System represented in this large format film?",  "Where does the large format presentation of nature and the national parks fall in the continuum of representations of nature?",  and "How are nature, the Yellowstone National Park, and the National Park System presented and constructed" in large format in consequence of the medium itself and through the medium's relationship as a "truth" format aligned with museums, science centers and historical sites?   Analyzed through a consideration of the theories of ideology and the sublime, research pointed to the complicated relationship between director and funders in the construction of the film, with choices for content being driven by economic concerns for the public's response to the film.  The film was shown to reflect the ideology of pristine America linked to the myths of Western expansion through its depiction of the myth of archetypal America.  Due to the technological limitations of the medium which created a sublime experience, the viewer was positioned within an ideological space as separate and apart from nature, of knowing but not experiencing, of seeing but never fully understanding the natural world.  By celebrating the power to dominate nature in the elimination of the connection to nature, Yellowstone represents an extension of the American technological sublime.
Epimeria (Subepimeria) sp. 2
Creators: name: d'Acoz, Cédric d'Udekem
name: Verheye, Marie L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Epimeriidae
Epimeria

description: Epimeria (Subepimeria) sp. 2
Epimeria puncticulata – Coleman 2007: 48, in part, plate 2 fig. d only, not fig. 25 (= E. puncticulata). — Rauschert & Arntz 2015: 62, pl. 55.
non Epimeria puncticulata K.H. Barnard, 1930: 377, fig. 42.
Discription
EYES. Large and narrowly elliptic.
PEREIONITE 7. Posterodorsally smooth.
PLEONITE 1. Posterodorsally smooth.
PLEONITE 2. With small sharp posterodorsal tooth.
PLEONITE 3. Posterodorsally produced into a blunt acute (nearly squared) angle.
COXA 4. with ventral corner produced into a distinct tooth (Coleman 2007), or apparently blunt (Rauschert & Arntz 2015) [specimen not photographed in a flat orientation?].
UROSOME TOOTH PATTERN. Urosomite 1 with well developed triangular dorsal process.
Colour pattern
Eyes red. Body whitish to yellowish, with some areas more brownish. Distinct brown transverse stripes on body segment 4 and coxa 4.
Body length
17 mm (Rauschert & Arntz 2015).
Distribution
Eastern shelf of the Weddell Sea, 765–840 m (see remarks).
Remarks.
The identity of the E. puncticulata illustrated by colour photographs in the books of Coleman (2007: plate 2 figure d) and Rauschert & Arntz (2015: plate 55) is not clear. The photograph examined are not sharp enough to reveal all relevant details. The species is similar to E. iota sp. nov., E. teres sp. nov., E. puncticulata and E. urvillei sp. nov. Unlike E. iota sp. nov., E. teres sp. nov. and E. urvillei sp. nov., E. (Subepimeria) sp. 2 exhibits a distinct brown stripe on each side of pereionite 4 and on coxa 4. The colour pattern of E. puncticulata s. str. is unknown. The collection details of the specimen of Rauschert & Arntz (2015) is given in an early draft of their book made available to the authors: ANT-XVII/3 stn 138 [138-1]. The coordinates of this station are: 71°08.90ʹ S, 013°12.80ʹ W to 71°08.80ʹ S, 013°13.20ʹ W [eastern shelf of the Weddell Sea], 765– 840 m.
description: Published as part of d'Acoz, Cédric d'Udekem & Verheye, Marie L., 2017, Epimeria of the Southern Ocean with notes on their relatives (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Eusiroidea), pp. 1-553 in European Journal of Taxonomy 359 on page 155, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.359, http://zenodo.org/record/3855694
Reliability-based analaysis [sic] of crack control in reinforced concrete beams
Creators: name: Zahalan, Rima
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is a study on reliability-based analysis of reinforced concrete beams at the crack control limit state. Past approaches to crack control and crack widths predictions in various codes are discussed.  The limit state considered in this study is the maximum flexural crack width of reinforced concrete structures. Reliability index, β, is calculated to assess the level of safety in the ACI 318-08 Building Code.    Resistance prediction equations for the flexural crack control limit state as well as load equations are researched and developed in terms of the stress in the reinforcing steel. Statistical properties of variables are obtained from available literature. The effects of several parameters on the reliability index are also studied.  The equation by Frosch (1999) provided the most accurate crack width predictions for various beam data obtained and is used as the resistance model in the limit state function.  The live load model used is based on statistical information provided in the study by Nowak et. al (2008) which was also used in the calibration of the ACI318-08 building code.  Monte Carlo simulation is performed using statistical parameters obtained for each variable.  A total of 1290 beams are designed using the ACI 318-08 Building Code and included in a detailed parametric study.   It is concluded that the spacing of steel reinforcement and the concrete cover had the most significant effects on the reliability of crack width predictions.  When spacing of reinforcement and concrete cover are increased, the reliability index decreases.  However, increasing beam effective depth and area of reinforcement did not significantly increase the reliability index.  Additionally, using a larger number of bars with smaller diameters yields higher reliability indices than using a small number of bars with larger diameters. Furthermore, an overall trend was observed that as steel yield strength increases and concrete strength decreases, the reliability index decreases.  This study can be considered as a prelude to a future code calibration process of the ACI 318-08 Building Code at the serviceability limit state of crack control.
Leiocassis sinyanensis Fu 1935
Creators: name: Ye, Enqi
name: Xing, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chunguang
name: Zhao, Yahui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Bagridae
Leiocassis
Leiocassis sinyanensis

description: Leiocassis sinyanensis Fu, 1935 (Fig. 68)
= Pseudobagrus sinyanensis (Fu), 1935
Holotype. 19944, Xinyang City, Henan Province, P. R. China, 1934-1935.
description: Published as part of Ye, Enqi, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Chunguang & Zhao, Yahui, 2015, Catalogue of the type specimens in the fish collection of the National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, pp. 10-113 in Zootaxa 3962 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/233837
"The poetics of everyday life"
Creators: name: Navarre, Susanne
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Emily Dickinson's and Annette von Droste-Hülshoff's poetry of the everyday is transfigured by the sublime. The dissertation uses close reading to stress form, suggesting that poetic practice cannot fold into the group mind-set of much late twentieth-century feminist literary criticism which tended to analyze women's writing in isolation  as symptomatic of issues pertaining to gender. The dissertation places these writers firmly in their cultural and historical contexts, establishing parallels between Dickinson's and Droste's milieus. Both authors demonstrate aspects of late-Romanticism / Biedermeier-Romanticism, a reaction or taming of early-Romantic excesses. Thus the dissertation points the direction of women's writing away from gendered formations exclusively, to broader concerns pertaining to culture and society which include but are not limited to gender contingencies.
Apenesia miki
Creators: name: Alencar, Isabel D. C. C.
name: Azevedo, Celso O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Bethylidae
Apenesia
Apenesia miki

description: Apenesia miki (Terayama, 2004)
Archaeopristocera miki Terayama 2004, 27: 44.
Diagnosis (extracted from literature). Female. Head elongate, with parallel sides and vertex deeply concave; posterolateral corner acutely angulate; frons and vertex impunctate. Mandible with four acute apical teeth. Anterior margin of clypeus convex, with pair of lateral teeth. Metasoma with very short petiole. Femora and tibiae wide and flat. Mesotibia spinose.
Comments. We were not able to examine the type (NSMT). This diagnosis was obtained from Terayama (2004).
Distribution. Neotropical (Dominican Amber).
description: Published as part of Alencar, Isabel D. C. C. & Azevedo, Celso O., 2020, Revision of the world Apenesia Westwood (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4724 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4724.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3612936
Games, graphs, and geometry
Creators: name: Pegden, Wesley
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This thesis concerns four separate topics: the balanced counterpart of the Hales-Jewett number, the maximal density of k-critical triangle-free graphs, Euclidean sets resilient to an 'erosion' operation, and an extension of the Local Lemma which can be applied in a game setting.    For the Hales-Jewett number, our motivation comes from a desire to show that there are infinitely many 'delicate' Tic-Tac-Toe games. Roughly speaking, these are games where neither player has a simple reason for having a winning/drawing strategy. The first part of this thesis concerns the translation of bounds on the famous 'Hales-Jewett number' into bounds on the 'Halving Hales-Jewett number', its 'balanced' version, which give the desired game-theoretic consequences.    The second part of this thesis concerns k-critical triangle-free graphs: can they have quadratic edge-density, independent of k as k grows large? This question has close connections both to the study of the density of critical graphs, and the study of the chromatic number of triangle-free graphs. Surprisingly, we are able to determine the exact asymptotic density of k-critical triangle-free graphs for k ≥ 6, and even for  pentagon-and-triangle-free graphs.    In the third part, we will consider a simple erosion operation on sets in Euclidean space, which roughly represents the operation of 'shaving off' points near the boundary of a set. We will give a complete characterization of sets whose shape is unchanged by this operation.    Finally, in the fourth part, we will generalize the classical Lovasz Local Lemma to a 'Lefthanded' version, which, roughly speaking, allows one to ignore dependencies 'to the right' when making an application of the Local Lemma to bad events which have an underlying order. This will allow us to prove game-theoretic analogs of classical results on nonrepetitive sequences, representing the first successful applications of a  Local Lemma to games.