cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The dust obscuration bias in Damped Lyman alpha systems
Creators: name: Vladilo, Giovanni
name: Peroux, Celine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new study of the effects of quasar obscuration on the statistics of Damped Ly alpha (DLA) systems. We show that the extinction of any Galactic or extragalactic HI region increases with the column density of zinc with a turning point above which background sources are suddenly obscured. We derive a relation between the extinction of a DLA system and its HI column density, N, metallicity, Z, fraction of iron in dust, f_Fe(Z), and redshift, z. From this relation we estimate the fraction of DLA systems missed as a consequence of their own extinction in magnitude-limited surveys. We derive a method for recovering the true frequency distributions of N and Z in DLAs, f_N and f_Z, using the biased distributions measured in the redshift range where the observations have sufficient statistics (1.8 = z = 3). By applying our method we find that the well-known empirical thresholds of DLA column densities, N(ZnII) ~ 10^13.1 cm^-2 and N(HI) ~ 10^22 cm^-2 can be successfully explained in terms of the obscuration effect without tuning of the local dust parameters. The obscuration has a modest effect on the distribution of quasar apparent magnitudes, but plays an important role in shaping the statistical distributions of DLAs. The exact estimate of the bias is still limited by the paucity of the data (~40 zinc measurements at 1.8 ~ z ~ 3). We find that the fraction of DLAs missed as a consequence of obscuration is \~30% to 50%, consistent with the results of surveys of radio-selected quasars. By modelling the metallicity distribution with a Schechter function we find that the mean metallicity can be ~5 to 6 times higher than the value commonly reported for DLAs at z~2.3.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press, 20 pages, 10 figures; abridged abstract; improved figs. 3 and 5; most of mathematical formulation moved to the Appendix; minor changes
Stern-Gerlach Interferometry with the Atom Chip
Creators: name: Keil, Mark
name: Machluf, Shimon
name: Margalit, Yair
name: Zhou, Zhifan
name: Amit, Omer
name: Dobkowski, Or
name: Japha, Yonathan
name: Moukouri, Samuel
name: Rohrlich, Daniel
name: Binstock, Zina
name: Bar-Haim, Yaniv
name: Givon, Menachem
name: Groswasser, David
name: Meir, Yigal
name: Folman, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this invited review in honor of 100 years since the Stern-Gerlach (SG) experiments, we describe a decade of SG interferometry on the atom chip. The SG effect has been a paradigm of quantum mechanics throughout the last century, but there has been surprisingly little evidence that the original scheme, with freely propagating atoms exposed to gradients from macroscopic magnets, is a fully coherent quantum process. Specifically, no full-loop SG interferometer (SGI) has been realized with the scheme as envisioned decades ago. Furthermore, several theoretical studies have explained why it is a formidable challenge. Here we provide a review of our SG experiments over the last decade. We describe several novel configurations such as that giving rise to the first SG spatial interference fringes, and the first full-loop SGI realization. These devices are based on highly accurate magnetic fields, originating from an atom chip, that ensure coherent operation within strict constraints described by previous theoretical analyses. Achieving this high level of control over magnetic gradients is expected to facilitate technological applications such as probing of surfaces and currents, as well as metrology. Fundamental applications include the probing of the foundations of quantum theory, gravity, and the interface of quantum mechanics and gravity. We end with an outlook describing possible future experiments.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, >100 references. Invited review from the September 2019 conference in Frankfurt celebrating the centennial of the Stern-Gerlach experiment
Impact of Systematic Errors in Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Surveys of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Francis, Matthew R.
name: Bean, Rachel
name: Kosowsky, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future high-resolution microwave background measurements hold the promise of detecting galaxy clusters throughout our Hubble volume through their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) signature, down to a given limiting flux. The number density of galaxy clusters is highly sensitive to cluster mass through fluctuations in the matter power spectrum, as well as redshift through the comoving volume and the growth factor. This sensitivity in principle allows tight constraints on such quantities as the equation of state of dark energy and the neutrino mass. We evaluate the ability of future cluster surveys to measure these quantities simultaneously when combined with PLANCK-like CMB data. Using a simple effective model for uncertainties in the cluster mass-SZ flux relation, we evaluate systematic shifts in cosmological constraints from cluster SZ surveys. We find that a systematic bias of 10% in cluster mass measurements can give rise to shifts in cosmological parameter estimates at levels larger than the $1σ$ statistical errors. Systematic errors are unlikely to be detected from the mass and redshift dependence of cluster number counts alone; increasing survey size has only a marginal effect. Implications for upcoming experiments are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; accepted to JCAP; revised to match submitted version
TEACHER PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY AND COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE
Creators: name: Atavullayeva, Maxbuba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This paper investigates the significance of communicative competence in the context of teacher professional competence. Communication is essential in the educational process, and recognizing its function in the development of high-quality education is becoming increasingly important. The authors investigate the most important areas of communicative competence, such as communication skills, interpersonal contact, and the use of new communication technology. The essay also examines ways for building communicative competence among instructors, as well as the influence on educational quality. Finally, it is stated that communication competence is an inherent aspect of teachers' professional competence and is required for successful execution of their professional obligations.
Nonmeromorphic operator product expansion and C_2-cofiniteness for a family of W-algebras
Creators: name: Carqueville, Nils
name: Flohr, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69; 81R10; 81T40

description: We prove the existence and associativity of the nonmeromorphic operator product expansion for an infinite family of vertex operator algebras, the triplet W-algebras, using results from P(z)-tensor product theory. While doing this, we also show that all these vertex operator algebras are C_2-cofinite.
description: 21 pages, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.; the exposition is improved and one reference is added
Probing Inflation with Precision Bispectra
Creators: name: Clarke, Philip
name: Shellard, E. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculating the primordial bispectrum predicted by a model of inflation and comparing it to what we see in the sky is very computationally intensive, necessitating layers of approximations and limiting the models which can be constrained. Exploiting the inherent separability of the tree level in-in formalism using expansions in separable basis functions provides a means by which to obviate some of these difficulties. Here, we develop this approach further into a practical and efficient numerical methodology which can be applied to a much wider and more complicated range of bispectrum phenomenology, making an important step forward towards observational pipelines which can directly confront specific models of inflation. We describe a simple augmented Legendre polynomial basis and its advantages, then test the method on single-field inflation models with non-trivial phenomenology, showing that our calculation of these coefficients is fast and accurate to high orders.
description: Fixed typo in equation (3.27)
Factorised 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ orthosymplectic quivers
Creators: name: Akhond, Mohammad
name: Carta, Federico
name: Dwivedi, Siddharth
name: Hayashi, Hirotaka
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
name: Yagi, Futoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the moduli space of 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ quiver gauge theories with unitary, orthogonal and symplectic gauge nodes, that fall into exceptional sequences. We find that both the Higgs and Coulomb branches of the moduli space factorise into decoupled sectors. Each decoupled sector is described by a single quiver gauge theory with only unitary gauge nodes. The orthosymplectic quivers serve as magnetic quivers for 5d $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal field theories which can be engineered in type IIB string theories both with and without an O5 plane. We use this point of view to postulate the dual pairs of unitary and orthosymplectic quivers by deriving them as magnetic quivers of the 5d theory. We use this correspondence to conjecture exact highest weight generating functions for the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of the orthosymplectic quivers, and provide tests of these results by directly computing the Hilbert series for the orthosymplectic quivers in a series expansion.
description: 46 pages, 10 tables, many pictures, v2: references added, typos corrected, v3: Appendix E added, matches published version
Finite-Width Effects in Three-Body B Decays
Creators: name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is customary to apply the so-called narrow width approximation $Γ(B\to RP_3\to P_1P_2P_3)=Γ(B\to RP_3)Br(R\to P_1P_2)$ to extract the branching fraction of the quasi-two-body decay $B\to RP_3$, with $R$ and $P_3$ being an intermediate resonant state and a pseudoscalar meson, respectively. However, the above factorization is valid only in the zero width limit. We consider a correction parameter $η_R$ from finite width effects. Our main results are: (i) We present a general framework for computing $η_R$ and show that it can be expressed in terms of the normalized differential rate and determined by its value at the resonance. (ii) We introduce a form factor $F(s_{12},m_R)$ for the strong coupling involved in the $R(m_{12})\to P_1P_2$ decay when $m_{12}$ is away from $m_R$. We find that off-shell effects are small in vector meson productions, but prominent in the $K_2^*(1430)$, $σ/f_0(500)$ and $K_0^*(1430)$ resonances. (iii) We evaluate $η_R$ in the theoretical framework of QCD factorization (QCDF) and in the experimental parameterization (EXPP) for three-body decay amplitudes. In general, $η_R^{\rm QCDF}$ and $η_R^{\rm EXPP}$ are similar for vector mesons, but different for tensor and scalar resonances. A study of the differential rates enables us to understand the origin of their differences. (iv) Finite-width corrections to $Br(B^-\to RP)_{\rm NWA}$ obtained in the narrow width approximation are generally small, less than 10\%, but they are prominent in $B^-\toσ/f_0(500)π^-$ and $B^-\to \overline K_0^{*0}(1430)π^-$ decays. The EXPP of the normalized differential rates should be contrasted with the theoretical predictions from QCDF calculation as the latter properly takes into account the energy dependence in weak decay amplitudes.
description: 44 pages, 8 figures, typos corrected, references updated and added, accepted by PRD
H-alpha Kinematics of the SINGS Nearby Galaxies Survey. II
Creators: name: Dicaire, I.
name: Carignan, C.
name: Amram, P.
name: Hernandez, O.
name: Chemin, L.
name: Daigle, O.
name: de Denus-Baillargeon, M. -M.
name: Balkowski, C.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Fathi, K.
name: Kennicutt, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second part of an H-alpha kinematics follow-up survey of the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey (SINGS) sample. The aim of this program is to shed new light on the role of baryons and their kinematics and on the dark/luminous matter relation in the star forming regions of galaxies, in relation with studies at other wavelengths. The data for 37 galaxies are presented. The observations were made using Fabry-Perot interferometry with the photon-counting camera FaNTOmM on 4 different telescopes, namely the Canada-France-Hawaii 3.6m, the ESO La Silla 3.6m, the William Herschel 4.2m, and the Observatoire du mont Megantic 1.6m telescopes. The velocity fields are computed using custom IDL routines designed for an optimal use of the data. The kinematical parameters and rotation curves are derived using the GIPSY software. It is shown that non-circular motions associated with galactic bars affect the kinematical parameters fitting and the velocity gradient of the rotation curves. This leads to incorrect determinations of the baryonic and dark matter distributions in the mass models derived from those rotation curves.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. All high-res. figures are available at http://www.astro.umontreal.ca/fantomm/singsII/
Short-range coherence of a lattice Bose atom gas in the Mott insulating phase
Creators: name: Yu, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the short-range coherence of ultracold lattice Bose gases in the Mott insulating phase. We calculate the visibility of the interference pattern and the results agree quantitatively with the recent experimental measurement [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 050404 (2005)]. The visibility deviation from the inversely linear dependence on the bare on-site interaction U_0 is explained both in smaller and larger U_0. For a smaller U_0, it comes from a second order correction. For a larger U_0, except the breakdown of adiabaticity as analyzed by Gerbier et al, there might be another source to cause this deviation, which is the diversity between $U_0$ determined by the single atom Wannier function and the effective on site interaction U_eff for a multi-occupation per site.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; published in PRA
New physics in $B \to ππ$ and $B \to πK$ decays
Creators: name: Baek, Seungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a combined analysis of $B \to ππ$ and $B \to πK$ decays with the current experimental data. Assuming SU(3) flavor symmetry and no new physics contributions to the topological amplitudes, we demonstrate that the conventional parametrization in the Standard Model (SM) does not describe the data very well, in contrast with a similar analysis based on the earlier data. It is also shown that the introduction of smaller amplitudes and reasonable SU(3) breaking parameters does not improve the fits much. Interpreting these puzzling behaviors in the SM as a new physics (NP) signal, we study various NP scenarios. We find that when a single NP amplitude dominates, the NP in the electroweak penguin sector is the most favorable. However, other NP solutions, such as NP residing in the QCD-penguin sector and color-suppressed electroweak penguin sector simultaneously, can also solve the puzzle.
description: 17 pages; Added references, Corrected typos
Critical transition for colliding swarms
Creators: name: Hindes, Jason
name: Edwards, Victoria
name: Hsieh, M. Ani
name: Schwartz, Ira B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swarming patterns that emerge from the interaction of many mobile agents are a subject of great interest in fields ranging from biology to physics and robotics. In some application areas, multiple swarms effectively interact and collide, producing complex spatiotemporal patterns. Recent studies have begun to address swarm-on-swarm dynamics, and in particular the scattering of two large, colliding swarms with nonlinear interactions. To build on early numerical insights, we develop a mean-field approach that can be used to predict the parameters under which colliding swarms are expected to form a milling state. Our analytical method relies on the assumption that, upon collision, two swarms oscillate near a limit-cycle, where each swarm rotates around the other while maintaining an approximately constant and uniform density. Using this approach we are able to predict the critical swarm-on-swarm interaction coupling, below which two colliding swarms merely scatter, for near head-on collisions as a function of control parameters. We show that the critical coupling corresponds to a saddle-node bifurcation of a stable limit cycle in the uniform, constant density approximation. Our results are tested and found to agree with large multi-agent simulations.
On the torus quotients of Schubert varieties
Creators: name: Bonala, Narasimha Chary
name: Pattanayak, Santosha Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L24, 14M15, 20G05

description: In this paper, we consider the GIT quotients of Schubert varieties for the action of a maximal torus. We describe the minuscule Schubert varieties for which the semistable locus is contained in the smooth locus. As a consequence, we study the smoothness of torus quotients of Schubert varieties in the Grassmannian. We also prove that the torus quotient of any Schubert variety in the homogeneous space $SL(n, \mathbb C)/P$ is projectively normal with respect to the line bundle $\mathcal L_{α_0}$ and the quotient space is a projective space, where the line bundle $\mathcal L_{α_0}$ and the parabolic subgroup $P$ of $SL (n, \mathbb C)$ are associated to the highest root $α_0$.
description: To appear in International Journal of Mathematics
Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ thin films heteroepitaxially grown on $α$-RuCl$_{3}$
Creators: name: Park, Joon Young
name: Jo, Janghyun
name: Sears, Jennifer A.
name: Kim, Young-June
name: Kim, Miyoung
name: Kim, Philip
name: Yi, Gyu-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining various two-dimensional materials into novel van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures has been shown to lead to new emergent quantum systems. A novel heterostructure composed of a vdW topological insulator (TI) such as Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ with a quantum spin liquid (QSL) such as $α$-RuCl$_{3}$ is of great interest for the potential for the chiral Dirac electrons in the TI surface states to interact strongly with the fractionalized fermionic spin excitations in the QSL. We report the heteroepitaxial growth of Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ thin films on $α$-RuCl$_{3}$ as well as the characterization of their structural and electrical properties. Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ thin films with an atomically smooth and uniform surface are grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The heterostructure exhibits a preferential epitaxial relationship corresponding to $(5 \times 5)-$Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}/(2\sqrt{3} \times 2\sqrt{3})R30°-α$-RuCl$_{3}$ commensurate supercells with a periodicity of 1.2 nm. The formation of the superlattice despite a lattice mismatch as large as 60% is attributed to the van der Waals heteroepitaxy. Magnetotransport measurements as a function of temperature show Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ films grown on $α$-RuCl$_{3}$ are heavily $n$-doped, $n_{e}$ ~10$^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$, with mobility $μ$ ~450 cm$^{2}$ V$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$ at low temperatures.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; accepted in Physical Review Materials
Current quality improvement practices in residential long-term care: a protocol for a mixed methods study
Creators: name: Rüttimann, Angelika
name: Kästner, Lisa
name: Curreri, Nereide
name: Poncin, Emmanuelle
name: Corna, Laurie
name: Zúñiga, Franziska
name: Van Grootven, Bastiaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Study protocol for the NIP-Q-UPGRADE sub-aim 2.3: Current quality improvement practices in residential long-term care: a mixed methods study
Spectrum and amplitudes of internal gravity waves excited by penetrative convection in solar-type stars
Creators: name: Dintrans, B.
name: Brandenburg, A.
name: Nordlund, A.
name: Stein, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitation of internal gravity waves by penetrative convective plumes is investigated using 2-D direct simulations of compressible convection. The wave generation is quantitatively studied from the linear response of the radiative zone to the plumes penetration, using projections onto the g-modes solutions of the associated linear eigenvalue problem for the perturbations. This allows an accurate determination of both the spectrum and amplitudes of the stochastically excited modes. Using time-frequency diagrams of the mode amplitudes, we then show that the lifetime of a mode is around twice its period and that during times of significant excitation up to 40% of the total kinetic energy may be contained into g-modes.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Hueffmeier, Wilhelm (Hrsg.), Für Recht und Frieden sorgen
Creators: name: Planer-Friedrich, Götz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 37 Nr. 1 (1988): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 37, Heft 1
Orbital-dependent self-energy effects and consequences for the superconducting gap structure in multi-orbital correlated electron systems
Creators: name: Björnson, Kristofer
name: Kreisel, Andreas
name: Rømer, Astrid T.
name: Andersen, Brian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a theoretical study of the effects of electronic correlations on the superconducting gap structure of multi-band superconductors. In particular, by comparing standard RPA-based spin-fluctuation mediated gap structures to those obtained within the FLEX formalism for an iron-based superconductor, we obtain directly the feedback effects from electron-electron interactions on the momentum-space gap structure. We show how self-energy effects can lead to an orbital inversion of the orbital-resolved spin susceptibility, and thereby invert the hierarchy of the most important orbitals channels for superconducting pairing. This effect has important consequences for the detailed gap variations on the Fermi surface. We expect such self-energy feedback on the pairing gap to be generally relevant for superconductivity in strongly correlated multi-orbital systems.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Fermion Bag Solitons in the Massive Gross-Neveu and Massive Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Models in 1+1 Dimensions: Inverse Scattering Analysis
Creators: name: Feinberg, Joshua
name: Hillel, Shlomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of fermion bag solitons is an important paradigm in the theory of hadron structure. We report here on our non-perturbative analysis of this phenomenon in the 1+1 dimensional massive Gross-Neveu model, in the large $N$ limit. Our main result is that the extremal static bag configurations are reflectionless, as in the massless Gross-Neveu model. Explicit formulas for the profiles and masses of these solitons are presented. We also present a particular type of self-consistent reflectionless solitons which arise in the massive Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models, in the large-N limit.
description: latex, 8 pages, no figures. Talk by JF at QFTEXT05, Barcelona, Sept. 2005
Planck's Dusty GEMS. VIII. Dense-gas reservoirs in the most active dusty starbursts at z~3
Creators: name: Canameras, R.
name: Nesvadba, N. P. H.
name: Kneissl, R.
name: Koenig, S.
name: Yang, C.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Hill, R.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Scott, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA, NOEMA, and IRAM-30m/EMIR observations of the high-density tracer molecules HCN, HCO+, and HNC in three of the brightest lensed dusty star-forming galaxies at z~3-3.5, part of the Planck's Dusty GEMS sample, to probe the gas reservoirs closely associated with their exceptional levels of star formation. We obtain robust detections of ten emission lines between J_up=4 and 6, as well as several additional flux upper limits. In PLCK_G244.8+54.9, the brightest source at z=3.0, the HNC(5-4) line emission at 0.1" resolution, together with other spatially-integrated line profiles, suggests comparable distributions of dense and more diffuse gas reservoirs, at least over the most strongly magnified regions. This rules out any major effect from differential lensing. The HCO+/HCN > 1 and HNC/HCN ~ 1 line ratios in our sample are similar to those of nearby ULIRGs and consistent with photon-dominated regions without any indication of important mechanical heating or AGN feedback. We characterize the dense-gas excitation in PLCK_G244.8+54.9 using radiative transfer models assuming pure collisional excitation and find that mid-J HCN, HCO+, and HNC lines arise from a high-density phase with H2 density n~10^5-6 cm^-3, although important degeneracies prevent determining the exact conditions. The three GEMS are consistent with extrapolations of dense-gas star-formation laws derived in the nearby Universe, adding further evidence that the extreme star-formation rates observed in the most active galaxies at z~3 are a consequence of their important dense-gas contents. The dense-gas-mass fractions traced by HCN/[CI] and HCO+/[CI] line ratios are elevated, but not exceptional compared to other lensed dusty star-forming galaxies at z>2 and fall near the upper envelope of local ULIRGs. Our results also favor constant dense-gas depletion times in these populations.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Society as an experiment? Reading Nietzsche on the margins of social theory
Creators: name: Partyga, Dominika
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2024

description: This thesis explores the absent parameters of the ‘social’ in Nietzsche’s works alongside its reception in contemporary political and social theory, responding to renewed concerns with his class racism. Departing from his unsettling ideas on a caste society, breeding and slavery, I argue that Nietzsche’s contemporary reception across the left and right has to be understood as a site of dissonant rhetorical effects. Rather than technically reconstruct Nietzsche’s anti-social positions, I theorize how the hierarchical organisation of the texts facilitates readers’ (mis)identifications, dramatized in the figures of victory and subjugation in his writings, from the ‘philosopher of the future’ to the ‘affirmative woman’. This complements existing reconstructions of Nietzsche’s theory of a two-caste society by centring his rhetorical forms of addressing, conjuring and mobilising his ideal readers towards the project of revaluation. I revisit the discussion on the status of the intertwined biological and social metaphors in Nietzsche’s writings, which have been often sanitized in reception through hermeneutics of suspicion. While readings of Nietzsche in the post-structuralist tradition productively appropriated his suspicions of language as a site of metaphoric transference, sign chains and power relationships, they often ignore Nietzsche’s concerns with degeneration and racial hygiene. Despite Nietzsche’s dangerous socio-biologism, I argue that the philosopher can be still productively used on the Marxist-left as a master of rhetoric. Drawing on Nietzsche’s reception in feminist and post-colonial theory, I argue that the significance of class racism in Nietzsche’s thinking should be theorised in relation to the figure of the noble as a mythical founder of the order of signs. The esoteric figure of the ‘philosopher of the future’ as an experimenter and tempter (Versucher) offers an overarching methodological device through which I delineate Nietzsche’s purchase for centring the role that readers’ self-identifications play in the canonisation of social theories.
On the Absorption and Redistribution of Energy in Irradiated Planets
Creators: name: Hansen, Brad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sequence of toy models for irradiated planet atmospheres, in which the effects of geometry and energy redistribution are modelled self-consistently. We use separate but coupled grey atmosphere models to treat the ingoing stellar irradiation and outgoing planetary reradiation. We investigate how observed quantities such as full phase secondary eclipses and orbital phase curves depend on various important parameters, such as the depth at which irradiation is absorbed and the depth at which energy is redistributed. We also compare our results to the more detailed radiative transfer models in the literature, in order to understand how those map onto the toy model parameter space. Such an approach can prove complementary to more detailed calculations, in that they demonstrate, in a simple way, how the solutions change depending on where, and how, energy redistribution occurs. As an example of the value of such models, we demonstrate how energy redistribution and temperature equilibration at moderate optical depths can lead to temperature inversions in the planetary atmosphere, which may be of some relevance to recent observational findings.
description: 42 pages, 25 figures. Submitted to ApJ in June
Shape of the spatial mode function of photons generated in noncollinear spontaneous parametric downconversion
Creators: name: Molina-Terriza, Gabriel
name: Minardi, Stefano
name: Deyanova, Yana
name: Osorio, Clara I.
name: Hendrych, Martin
name: Torres, Juan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show experimentally how noncollinear geometries in spontaneous parametric downconversion induce ellipticity of the shape of the spatial mode function. The degree of ellipticity depends on the pump beam width, especially for highly focused beams. We also discuss the ellipticity induced by the spectrum of the pump beam.
Monochromatic neutrino beams
Creators: name: Bernabeu, J.
name: Burguet-Castell, J.
name: Espinoza, C.
name: Lindroos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last few years spectacular results have been achieved with the demonstration of non vanishing neutrino masses and flavour mixing. The ultimate goal is the understanding of the origin of these properties from new physics. In this road, the last unknown mixing [Ue3] must be determined. If it is proved to be non-zero, the possibility is open for Charge Conjugation-Parity (CP) violation in the lepton sector. This will require precision experiments with a very intense neutrino source. Here a novel method to create a monochromatic neutrino beam, an old dream for neutrino physics, is proposed based on the recent discovery of nuclei that decay fast through electron capture. Such nuclei will generate a monochromatic directional neutrino beam when decaying at high energy in a storage ring with long straight sections. We also show that the capacity of such a facility to discover new physics is impressive, so that fine tuning of the boosted neutrino energy allows precision measurements of the oscillation parameters even for a [Ue3] mixing as small as 1 degree. We can thus open a window to the discovery of CP violation in neutrino oscillations.
Matching Catalogues by Probabilistic Pattern Classification
Creators: name: Rohde, D. J.
name: Gallagher, M. R.
name: Drinkwater, M. J.
name: Pimbblet, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the statistical problem of catalogue matching from a machine learning perspective with the goal of producing probabilistic outputs, and using all available information. A framework is provided that unifies two existing approaches to producing probabilistic outputs in the literature, one based on combining distribution estimates and the other based on combining probabilistic classifiers. We apply both of these to the problem of matching the HIPASS radio catalogue with large positional uncertainties to the much denser SuperCOSMOS catalogue with much smaller positional uncertainties. We demonstrate the utility of probabilistic outputs by a controllable completeness and efficiency trade-off and by identifying objects that have high probability of being rare. Finally, possible biasing effects in the output of these classifiers are also highlighted and discussed.
description: 16 pages, 9 (reduced quality) figures. MNRAS (in press) 2006
Velocity of vortices in inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Nilsen, Halvor M.
name: Baym, Gordon
name: Pethick, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive, from the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, an exact expression for the velocity of any vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate, in equilibrium or not, in terms of the condensate wave function at the center of the vortex. In general, the vortex velocity is a sum of the local superfluid velocity, plus a correction related to the density gradient near the vortex. A consequence is that in rapidly rotating harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensates, unlike in the usual situation in slowly rotating condensates and in hydrodynamics, vortices do not move with the local fluid velocity. We indicate how Kelvin's conservation of circulation theorem is compatible with the velocity of the vortex center being different from the local fluid velocity. Finally we derive an exact wave function for a single vortex near the rotation axis in a weakly interacting system, from which we derive the vortex precession rate.
description: 5 pages, one .eps figure. Published version
Defect production due to time-dependent coupling to environment in the Lindblad equation
Creators: name: Gulácsi, Balázs
name: Dóra, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently defect production was investigated during non-unitary dynamics due to non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. By ramping up the non-Hermitian coupling linearly in time through an exceptional point, defects are produced in much the same way as approaching a Hermitian critical point. A generalized Kibble--Zurek scaling accounted for the ensuing scaling of the defect density in terms of the speed of the drive and the corresponding critical exponents. Here we extend this setting by adding the recycling term and considering the full Lindbladian time evolution of the problem with quantum jumps. We find that by linearly ramping up the environmental coupling in time, and going beyond the steady-state solution of the Liouvillian, the defect density scales linearly with the speed of the drive for all cases. This scaling is unaffected by the presence of exceptional points of the Liouvillian, which can show up in the transient states. By using a variant of the adiabatic perturbation theory, the scaling of the defect density is determined exactly from a set of algebraic equations. Our study indicates the distinct sensitivity of the Lindbladian time evolution to exceptional points corresponding to steady states and transient states.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Neural Network Force Field for Fracture of 2D Crystals
Creators: name: Shi, Pengjie
name: Xu, Zhiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510403
subject: Condensed matter modelling and density functional theory
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 401707
subject: Solid mechanics
classificationCode: 340305
subject: Physical properties of materials

description: Extreme mechanical processes such as strong lattice distortion and bond breakage during fracture are ubiquitous in nature and engineering, which often lead to catastrophic failure of structures.However, understanding the nucleation and growth of cracks is challenged by their multiscale characteristics spanning from atomic-level structures at the crack tip to the structural features where the load is applied.Molecular simulations offer an important tool to resolve the progressive microstructural changes at crack fronts and are widely used to explore processes therein, such as mechanical energy dissipation, crack path selection, and dynamic instabilities (e.g., kinking, branching).Empirical force fields developed based on local descriptors based on atomic positions and the bond orders do not yield satisfying predictions of fracture, even for the nonlinear, anisotropic stress-strain relations and the energy densities of edges.High-fidelity force fields thus should include the tensorial nature of strain and the energetics of rare events during fracture, which, unfortunately, have not been taken into account in both the state-of-the-art empirical and machine-learning force fields.Based on data generated by first-principles calculations, we develop a neural network-based force field for fracture, NN-F3, by combining pre-sampling of the space of strain states and active-learning techniques to explore the transition states at critical bonding distances.The capability of NN-F3 is demonstrated by studying the rupture of h-BN and twisted bilayer graphene as model problems.The simulation results confirm recent experimental findings and highlight the necessity to include the knowledge of electronic structures from first-principles calculations in predicting extreme mechanical processes.
New Developments in Flavor Evolution of a Dense Neutrino Gas
Creators: name: Tamborra, Irene
name: Shalgar, Shashank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino-neutrino refraction dominates the flavor evolution in core-collapse supernovae, neutron-star mergers, and the early universe. Ordinary neutrino flavor conversion develops on timescales determined by the vacuum oscillation frequency. However, when the neutrino density is large enough, collective flavor conversion may arise because of pairwise neutrino scattering. Pairwise conversion is deemed to be fast as it is expected to occur on timescales that depend on the neutrino-neutrino interaction energy (i.e., on the neutrino number density) and is regulated by the angular distributions of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos. The enigmatic phenomenon of fast pairwise conversion has been overlooked for a long time. However, because of the fast conversion rate, pairwise conversion may possibly occur in the proximity of the neutrino decoupling region with yet to be understood implications for the hydrodynamics of astrophysical sources and the synthesis of the heavy elements. We review the physics of this fascinating phenomenon and its implications for neutrino-dense sources.
description: 25 pages, including 7 figures; to appear in Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, vol. 71. Preprint matching the version accepted for publication
ADVANCING PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES: LEVERAGING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES TO ENHANCE THE INTEGRATION OF ENGLISH AND LATIN LANGUAGE INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS
Creators: name: Djalilova, Zarnigor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This paper delves into the critical need to advance methodologies in the integrated instruction of English and Latin languages within higher medical education settings. Recognizing the complexities associated with teaching medical terminologies in both languages, the study proposes the integration of cutting-edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies to elevate language instruction. The infusion of AI technologies seeks to customize learning experiences, offer adaptive assessments, and cultivate immersive language learning through the utilization of virtual reality applications. By exploring the convergence of language education and AI, this article envisions a future where medical students acquire advanced language proficiency, thereby contributing to the development of a more globally competent and comprehensive healthcare workforce.
The Number of Spanning Trees in Kn-complements of Quasi-threshold Graphs
Creators: name: Nikolopoulos, Stavros D.
name: Papadopoulos, Charis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.1; G.2.2

description: In this paper we examine the classes of graphs whose $K_n$-complements are trees and quasi-threshold graphs and derive formulas for their number of spanning trees; for a subgraph $H$ of $K_n$, the $K_n$-complement of $H$ is the graph $K_n-H$ which is obtained from $K_n$ by removing the edges of $H$. Our proofs are based on the complement spanning-tree matrix theorem, which expresses the number of spanning trees of a graph as a function of the determinant of a matrix that can be easily constructed from the adjacency relation of the graph. Our results generalize previous results and extend the family of graphs of the form $K_n-H$ admitting formulas for the number of their spanning trees.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Evangelische Kirche der Union, Die Bedeutung der Reich-Gottes-Erwartung für das Zeugnis der christlichen Gemeinde
Creators: name: Vo
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 37 Nr. 1 (1988): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 37, Heft 1
A Model to Explain Varying $Λ$, $G$ and $σ^2$ Simultaneously
Creators: name: Vishwakarma, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models with varying cosmical parameters, which were earlier regarded constant, are getting attention. However, different models are usually invoked to explain the evolution of different parameters. We argue that whatever physical process is responsible for the evolution of one parameter, should also be responsible for the evolution of others. This means that the different parameters are coupled together somehow. Based on this guiding principle, we investigate a Bianchi type I model with variable $Λ$ and $G$, in which $Λ$, $G$ and the shear parameter $σ^2$, all are coupled. It is interesting that the resulting model reduces to the FLRW model for large $t$ with $G$ approaching a constant.
description: 10 pages
Constraints on SUSY Seesaw Parameters from Leptogenesis and Lepton Flavor Violation
Creators: name: Deppisch, F.
name: Päs, H.
name: Rückl, R.
name: Redelbach, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the constraints on a minimal supersymmetric seesaw model imposed by neutrino data, charged lepton flavor violation, thermal leptogenesis and perturbativity. We show that it is possible to constrain the three heavy Majorana neutrino masses as well as the complex Yukawa coupling matrix. Our results provide a first step towards a seesaw benchmark model for further phenomenological studies and model building.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Stellar Spins in the Open Cluster NGC 2516
Creators: name: Healy, Brian F.
name: McCullough, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the distribution of stellar spin axis orientations in a coeval group of stars probes the physical processes underlying the stars' formation. In this paper, we use spectro-photometric observations of the open cluster NGC 2516 to determine the degree of spin alignment among its stars. We combine TESS light curves, ground-based spectroscopy from the Gaia-ESO and GALAH surveys, broad-band stellar magnitudes from several surveys, and Gaia astrometry to measure 33 stellar inclinations and quantify overall cluster rotation. Our measurements suggest that stellar spins in this cluster are isotropically oriented, while allowing for the possibility that they are moderately aligned. An isotropic distribution of NGC 2516 spins would imply a star-forming environment in which turbulence dominated ordered motion, while a moderately aligned distribution would suggest a more substantial contribution from rotation. We also perform a three-dimensional analysis of the cluster's internal kinematics, finding no significant signatures of overall rotation. Stemming from this analysis, we identify evidence of cluster contraction, suggesting possible ongoing mass segregation in NGC 2516.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Michael Maurer; Konfessionskulturen. Die Europäer als Protestanten und Katholiken
Creators: name: Von Engelberg, Meinrad
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Michael Maurer; Konfessionskulturen. Die Europäer als Protestanten und Katholiken; Paderborn: Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh 2019; 415 S ; ISBN 978-3-506-78727-9;
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 1 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Mangosteen Garcinia mangostana Pericarp Extracts
Creators: name: Jinnawat Manasathien
name: Piyanut Khanema
Publisher: name: Research and Technology Transfer Affairs Division
Year: 2015
Subjects: Garcinia mangostana,antioxidant activity,antiproliferation,apoptosis

description: 4, 20, KKU Research Journal
Bazhanov-Stroganov model from 3D approach
Creators: name: von Gehlen, G.
name: Pakuliak, S.
name: Sergeev, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a 3-dimensional approach to describe a new parametrization of the L-operators for the 2-dimensional Bazhanov-Stroganov (BS) integrable spin model related to the chiral Potts model. This parametrization is based on the solution of the associated classical discrete integrable system. Using a 3-dimensional vertex satisfying a modified tetrahedron equation, we construct an operator which generalizes the BS quantum intertwining matrix S. This operator describes the isospectral deformations of the integrable BS model.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures