cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors in Cognitive and Cerebrovascular Aging
Creators: name: Tyndall, Amanda
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Cardiorespiratory fitness
subject: Cognitive aging
subject: Cerebrovascular function
subject: risk factors

description: For the first time in Canadian history, the number of Canadians over the age of 65 has surpassed those 14 years and younger making Canada an aging society. This trend is the same in all countries in the Developed World. With this increase of older adults in the world population, the study of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for healthy brain aging has become increasingly important. Normal brain aging is associated with a loss of some cognitive functions such as executive control, processing speed, learning, and memory functions. The trajectories of cognitive decline in older adults are influenced by modifiable risk factors such as hypertension and obesity, as well as non-modifiable risk genes (i.e., Apolipoprotein E) that potentially increase the risk of Alzheimer disease or related dementia. Physical activity has repeatedly been demonstrated to be effective in lowing cardiovascular risk factors while also protecting cerebrovascular reserve and cognitive functions. However, the potential relationship between multiple factors such as modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, biomarkers, and physiological and psychological health in cognitive and cerebrovascular aging remains poorly understood. The Brain in Motion study was a quasi-experimental prospective cohort designed study which examined the effects of a six-month aerobic exercise intervention on cerebrovascular and cognitive function in healthy older adults. The study aimed to recruit 250 healthy, inactive, adults over the age of 55 years, and without mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Using pre-intervention data, Study I examined the effects of modifiable risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome and apolipoprotein E genotype on cerebrovascular function. Study II examined the contribution of genetic risk, subjective cognitive complaints, and vascular function during submaximal exercise on pre-intervention objective cognitive performance. Study III examined the influence of a six-month aerobic exercise intervention and exercise dose on cardiorespiratory fitness, cerebrovascular, and cognitive function. These results add to the growing literature suggesting that engagement of regular aerobic exercise improves cerebrovascular and cognitive functioning. In addition, these results provide insights on the influence of cerebrovascular mechanisms that are involved in promoting healthy brain aging.
A 3D Segmentation Method for Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography Volume Data
Creators: name: Sun, Yankui
name: Zhang, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the introduction of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), much larger image datasets are routinely acquired compared to what was possible using the previous generation of time-domain OCT. Thus, the need for 3-D segmentation methods for processing such data is becoming increasingly important. We present a new 3D segmentation method for retinal OCT volume data, which generates an enhanced volume data by using pixel intensity, boundary position information, intensity changes on both sides of the border simultaneously, and preliminary discrete boundary points are found from all A-Scans and then the smoothed boundary surface can be obtained after removing a small quantity of error points. Our experiments show that this method is efficient, accurate and robust.
description: 4 pages, 9 figures
Characterization of channels on ancient and modern slopes: Cretaceous Tres Pasos Formation, Chile and Lucia Chica Channel System, offshore California
Creators: name: Reimchen, Aaron
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Turbidity Current, Bypass, Deep-Water Channel, Cross-Sectional Asymmetry, Modelling

description: Deep-water strata of the outcropping Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene Tres Pasos and Dorotea formations, Chilean Patagonia, elucidate deep-marine sedimentation processes that occur on submarine slopes. Sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture of the outcropping deep-water deposits along a high-relief paleoslope profile are examined with respect to their coeval shelf deposits, providing a comprehensive evaluation of the longitudinal variation in sedimentary processes downslope. Exceptional exposures of the deep-water system allow for 3-D reconstruction of slope channel deposits. In addition, slope channel morphologies are evaluated from high-resolution bathymetry data of the Lucia Chica Channel System, offshore central California. Derived morphometric information from the modern mid-slope channel system is utilized to hone an architectural model of the ancient slope channel fill succession exposed in southern Chile. Both investigations provide insight into deep-marine channel processes and provide high-resolution information that can inform reservoir models of analogous slope channel systems on continental margins globally.
Investigation of 3D Patterns on EUV Masks by Means of Scatterometry and Comparison to Numerical Simulations
Creators: name: Burger, S.
name: Zschiedrich, L.
name: Pomplun, J.
name: Schmidt, F.
name: Kato, A.
name: Laubis, C.
name: Scholze, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EUV scatterometry is performed on 3D patterns on EUV lithography masks. Numerical simulations of the experimental setup are performed using a rigorous Maxwell solver. Mask geometry is determined by minimizing the difference between experimental results and numerical results for varied geometrical input parameters for the simulations.
Additional file 1 of PCDHGB7 hypermethylation-based Cervical cancer Methylation (CerMe) detection for the triage of high-risk human papillomavirus-positive women: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Cao, Dan
name: Yang, Zhicong
name: Dong, Shihua
name: Li, Yuhong
name: Mao, Zhanrui
name: Lu, Qi
name: Xu, Peng
name: Shao, Minfang
name: Pan, Lei
name: Han, Xu
name: Yuan, Jiangjing
name: Fan, Qiong
name: Chen, Lei
name: Wang, Yanzhong
name: Zhu, Weipei
name: Yu, Wenqiang
name: Wang, Yudong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:  Fig. S1. The clinical characteristics of the included women. (A) Histogram showing the age distribution of the included women. (B) Pie chart showing the percentage of patients diagnosed by colposcopy biopsy. (C) Bar chart showing the CerMe values’ distribution of the included women. Fig. S2. The specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of cytology and CerMe detection in the training set. Fig. S3. The performance of cytology testing and CerMe detection stratified by age. (A) Pie chart showing the percentage of hrHPV-positive women aged 30-40 and >40 years. (B) The performance of cytology testing and CerMe detection in hrHPV-positive women aged 30-40 years. (C) The performance of cytology testing and CerMe detection in hrHPV-positive women aged >40 years. Fig. S4. CerMe detection as a triage protocol for hrHPV-positive women. (A) Flow of protocol used for other 12 hrHPV type-positive women. (B) Flow of protocol used for HPV 16/18 type-positive women. Fig. S5. The cytological characteristics of the included women. (A) Pie chart showing the percentage of patients diagnosed by cytology. (B) CerMe values of NLIM, ASC-US, LSIL, ASC-H, HSIL, and cancer cytology cases. Fig. S6. CerMe stratification combined with cytology (MeCy) provides reference for colposcopic pathology. (A) Heatmap of stratified CerMe combined Cytology (MeCy) showed the criteria of clustering MeCy negative, MeCy weakly positive, MeCy moderately positive, and MeCy strongly positive. Percentages on the 4 × 6 combinations showed the incidence of CIN2+. (B) Outlier analysis for 11 cases with strongly positive MeCy but negative colposcopy (normal or CIN1). Re-colposcopy, pathological results of a second colposcopy biopsy. NA, unavailable. Table S1. Clinical characteristics of all included women. Table S2. Diagnostic performance of hrHPV-positive women triaged by CerMe detection and Cytology testing. Table S3. Diagnostic performance of hrHPV-positive women aged 30-40 or >40 years. Table S4. Triage of other 12 hrHPV-positive or HPV 16/18-positive women.
The University Associates' Continuum of Practice
Creators: name: Andrews Stobart, Christine
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education--Teacher Training
subject: Supervision
subject: Pre-service teachers
subject: University Facilitator

description: This case study explored the work of university associates (UAs) within the Faculty of Education at a Canadian university from an interpretivist perspective. Data collected from semi-structured interviews with twelve UAs, artifacts, and documents generated insights about university associates’ roles and responsibilities with the intention to inform future field experience practice. In order to do this a conceptual framework based on a continuum of practice put forth by LeCornu and Ewing (2008) was utilized, which conceptualized a spectrum of pre-service teacher supervision spanning traditional to communal orientations. Five findings emerged from the data analysis: (a) University Associates, who were most frequently recruited from the ranks of retired teachers and school administrators, endeavoured to establish cooperative, managerial relationships with practicum hosting schools. (b) University Associates expressed a deep-seated commitment to fulfilling their roles. (c) University Associates reflectively determined best practice. (d) Collaboration within the practicum was evident although minimal due to hindrances. (e) University Associates with administrative experience expressed having an advantage working collaboratively. In light of these findings, collaborative practice should become a focused professional development initiative by the university for UAs within the practicum. Likewise, ongoing UA selection must consider the collaborative backgrounds of those participating in the practicum and opt for those with administrative experience when possible. As well, further investigation of the UA role would benefit from a multi-perspective stance, including the voices of pre-service teachers, mentor teachers, school coordinators and field experience directors.
Micropanope nuttingi Rathbun 1898
Creators: name: Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De
name: Guerrazzi, Maria Cec Lia
name: Coelho, Petr Ȏ Nio Alves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Pseudorhombilidae
Micropanope
Micropanope nuttingi

description: Micropanope nuttingi (Rathbun, 1898)
Material examined (N=1). 1m, 06–07/VI/2000 (MZUESC #638).
Distribution. Western Atlantic – North Carolina, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, Surinam, and Brazil (from Amapá to São Paulo) (Melo 1996).
Ecological notes. On rock, coral, sand, and broken-shell bottoms. From shallow waters to 180 m (Melo 1996).
Previous records in Bahia. Gouvêa & Leite (1980), Gouvêa (1986a), Barreto et al. (1993).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De, Guerrazzi, Maria Cec Lia & Coelho, Petr Ȏ Nio Alves, 2007, Stomatopod and decapod crustaceans from Camamu Bay, state of Bahia, Brazil, pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1553 on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.178168
“We do not talk about our history here” : the Department of Indian Affairs, Musqueam-settler relations, and memory in a Vancouver neighbourhood
Creators: name: Pleshakov, Alexandra Sanya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Musqueam Indian Reserve is one of the few in North America located within the boundaries of a major city. Although historical narratives have long silenced the experiences of urban Aboriginal people, this case study draws attention to the many contexts in which Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people interacted across legal boundaries that supposedly kept reserve space and urban space separate. This thesis argues that the Department of Indian Affairs was the principal actor in both facilitating and constraining Musqueam and non-Musqueam relations in early-twentieth-century Vancouver though its control of land, resources, and the consumer economy. Furthermore, this thesis argues that the policies and practices of the state were so pervasive that they have come to dominate any memory of those relations today. Using an extensive collection of oral histories recently carried out for a local community history project in Vancouver, this study explores the processes through which the history of Musqueam and non-Musqueam interactions have been both remembered and erased. In doing so, this thesis makes clear the relationship of social history to social memory, and contributes to recent scholarly work in documenting how Aboriginal histories are necessarily urban histories.
An Improved Search Algorithm for Optimal Multiple-Sequence Alignment
Creators: name: Schroedl, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a ubiquitous problem in computational biology. Although it is NP-hard to find an optimal solution for an arbitrary number of sequences, due to the importance of this problem researchers are trying to push the limits of exact algorithms further. Since MSA can be cast as a classical path finding problem, it is attracting a growing number of AI researchers interested in heuristic search algorithms as a challenge with actual practical relevance. In this paper, we first review two previous, complementary lines of research. Based on Hirschbergs algorithm, Dynamic Programming needs O(kN^(k-1)) space to store both the search frontier and the nodes needed to reconstruct the solution path, for k sequences of length N. Best first search, on the other hand, has the advantage of bounding the search space that has to be explored using a heuristic. However, it is necessary to maintain all explored nodes up to the final solution in order to prevent the search from re-expanding them at higher cost. Earlier approaches to reduce the Closed list are either incompatible with pruning methods for the Open list, or must retain at least the boundary of the Closed list. In this article, we present an algorithm that attempts at combining the respective advantages; like A* it uses a heuristic for pruning the search space, but reduces both the maximum Open and Closed size to O(kN^(k-1)), as in Dynamic Programming. The underlying idea is to conduct a series of searches with successively increasing upper bounds, but using the DP ordering as the key for the Open priority queue. With a suitable choice of thresholds, in practice, a running time below four times that of A* can be expected. In our experiments we show that our algorithm outperforms one of the currently most successful algorithms for optimal multiple sequence alignments, Partial Expansion A*, both in time and memory. Moreover, we apply a refined heuristic based on optimal alignments not only of pairs of sequences, but of larger subsets. This idea is not new; however, to make it practically relevant we show that it is equally important to bound the heuristic computation appropriately, or the overhead can obliterate any possible gain. Furthermore, we discuss a number of improvements in time and space efficiency with regard to practical implementations. Our algorithm, used in conjunction with higher-dimensional heuristics, is able to calculate for the first time the optimal alignment for almost all of the problems in Reference 1 of the benchmark database BAliBASE.
Effect of Co Impurities on Superconductivity of FeSe0.4Te0.6 single crystals
Creators: name: Nabeshima, Fuyuki
name: Kobayashi, Yusuke
name: Imai, Yoshinori
name: Tsukada, Ichiro
name: Maeda, Atsutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Co doping on supercoductivity of FeSe$_{0.4}$Te$_{0.6}$ single crystals is investigated. The superconducting transition temperature decreases linearly for Co doping with the rate -0.75 K/(Co %). On the other hand, the residual resistivity increase is less than 50 $/mu/Omega$cm for 4 % Co doping. These data are consistent with the sign changing interband scattering mechanism of superconductivity ($s_/pm$ symmetry).
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of The association of psychological distress and economic and health worries with tobacco smoking behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: a two-year longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Alpers, Silvia Eiken
name: Druckrey-Fiskaaen, Karl Trygve
name: Madebo, Tesfaye
name: Vold, Jørn Henrik
name: Pallesen, Ståle
name: Skogen, Jens Christoffer
name: Lunde, Linn-Heidi
name: Mæland, Silje
name: Fadnes, Lars Thore
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information about tobacco consumption. Additional Table 1. Age, gender, and educational level of non-respondents at follow-ups assessed with logistic regression utilizing odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Additional Table 2. Background characteristics of participants per age group, April 2020. Additional Table 3. Background characteristics of participants per age group, January 2021. Additional Table 4. Background characteristics of participants per age group, January 2022. Additional Table 5. Change of nicotine consumption in relation to age for all in addition to women and men, separately.Additional Table 6. Illness periods* over the two years**. Additional Figure 1. Sankey diagram of change in smoking behavior per gender, women. Additional Figure 2. Sankey diagram of change in smoking behavior per gender, men.
Additional file 1 of Machine learning based biomarker discovery for chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)
Creators: name: Li, Yuting
name: Lou, Yukuan
name: Liu, Man
name: Chen, Siyi
name: Tan, Peng
name: Li, Xiang
name: Sun, Huaixin
name: Kong, Weixin
name: Zhang, Suhua
name: Shao, Xiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Point vortices and polynomials of the Sawada-Kotera and Kaup-Kupershmidt equations
Creators: name: Demina, Maria V.
name: Kudryashov, Nikolay A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rational solutions and special polynomials associated with the generalized K_2 hierarchy are studied. This hierarchy is related to the Sawada-Kotera and Kaup-Kupershmidt equations and some other integrable partial differential equations including the Fordy-Gibbons equation. Differential-difference relations and differential equations satisfied by the polynomials are derived. The relationship between these special polynomials and stationary configurations of point vortices with circulations Gamma and -2Gamma is established. Properties of the polynomials are studied. Differential-difference relations enabling one to construct these polynomials explicitly are derived. Algebraic relations satisfied by the roots of the polynomials are found.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Understanding the Role of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases During Pollen-pistil Interaction
Creators: name: Jamshed, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Developmental
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Pollination involves a complex interplay of molecular communication and signaling between pollen grains and stigmatic papillary cells which decides the fate of the pollen that lands on the stigma. In Brassicaceae, a number of pollen and stigma proteins have been identified that are required for successful pollination. In spite of this, the molecular signaling mechanism behind, how these proteins coordinate pollination responses has remained unknown. By using various molecular, biochemical and cell biological approaches, I have identified a functionally redundant MAPK cascade that phosphorylates an important compatibility factor, to mediate successful pollination responses in Arabidopsis. Molecular genetic analysis revealed that two Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinases regulate successful pollination in stigma. Double mutant of these two MAPKs exhibited substantial defects in pollination responses in naturally pollinated stigmas. Significant reduction in pollen adherence, germination and seed set was observed in these plants. Interestingly, contrary to our expectations of larger gene families associated with increased functional redundancy, the MAPK kinases (MKK) family with the least number of genes, displayed extreme functional redundancy during pollination responses. Five MKKs from three different clades were required to regulate the activity of downstream MAPKs in the stigmas to mediate compatible pollination. Loss of function of these five MKKs in the quintuple mutant phenocopied the same pollination phenotype observed in the mpk double mutant. Through utilizing biochemical and cell biological approaches, I was also able to show phosphorylation of a downstream substrate by the activated MAPKs. This phosphorylation was required for successful pollination to occur as loss of the phosphorylation motif resulted in inability of the protein to function in the compatibility pathway. bTaken together, through this study, I have been able to identify a signaling pathway in the stigma that uses MAPK phosphorylation cascade to regulate a downstream compatibility factor for successful pollination to occur. Given the agronomic importance of various crop plants that belong to Brassicaceae (canola, rape seeds, kale, broccoli, etc.), understanding the signaling mechanism during compatible pollination responses could lead to identifying strategies to improve crop yield.
Measuring the thermal diffusivity in a student laboratory
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper describes a method for measuring the thermal diffusivity of materials having a high thermal conductivity. The apparatus is rather simple and low-cost, being therefore suitable in a laboratory for undergraduate students of engineering schools, where several set-ups are often required. A recurrence numerical approach solves the thermal field in the specimen, which is depending on the thermal diffusivity of its material. The numerical method requires the temperature data from two different positions in the specimen, measured by two thermocouples connected to a temperature logger.
description: Thermal diffusivity, Thermal conductivity, Aluminium, Layout after revision of misprints
Improving Algae Growth Kinetics in Suspension Bioreactors for the Production of Recombinant Proteins
Creators: name: Clark, Brendan Robert
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Bioprocess Engineering
subject: Biochemical Engineering
subject: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
subject: Algal Biotechnology
subject: Recombinant Protein Production
subject: Genetic Engineering
subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Microalgae Culture

description: Millions of individuals rely on recombinant proteins such as essential biopharmaceuticals. Recently, genetically engineered microalgae have been identified as a potentially inexpensive and fast growing host organism for recombinant protein production. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a species of unicellular green microalgae, the goal was to improve algal cell growth kinetics, genetically engineer the cells and develop a bioprocess to analyze recombinant protein production. C. reinhardtii growth kinetics were improved under mixotrophic growth conditions using acetate in small scale 10 mL cultures. This process was scaled-up to 500 mL spinner flask suspension bioreactors and through the use of a fed-batch acetate feeding strategy, cell growth rates and maximum cell concentrations were improved. A genetic construct was designed, manufactured, isolated and used to genetically transform C. reinhardtii. A bioprocess was then developed to isolate and analyze protein production rates from these cells. Results indicated product concentrations of 8.44 mg/L of culture.
The identification of the optical companion to the binary millisecond pulsar J0610-2100 in the Galactic field
Creators: name: Pallanca, C.
name: Mignani, R. P.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Sabbi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used deep V and R images acquired at the ESO Very Large Telescope to identify the optical companion to the binary pulsar PSR J0610-2100, one of the black-widow millisecond pulsars recently detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Telescope in the Galactic plane. We found a faint star (V~26.7) nearly coincident (δr ~0".28) with the pulsar nominal position. This star is visible only in half of the available images, while it disappears in the deepest ones (those acquired under the best seeing conditions), thus indicating that it is variable. Although our observations do not sample the entire orbital period (P=0.28 d) of the pulsar, we found that the optical modulation of the variable star nicely correlates with the pulsar orbital period and describes a well defined peak (R~25.6) at Φ=0.75, suggesting a modulation due to the pulsar heating. We tentatively conclude that the companion to PSR J0610-2100 is a heavily ablated very low mass star (~ 0.02Msun) that completely filled its Roche Lobe.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures - Accepted for pubblication in ApJ
ULX collimation by outflows in moderately magnetized neutron stars
Creators: name: Kayanikhoo, Fatemeh
name: Kluźniak, Włodek
name: Čemeljić, Miljenko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform radiative magnetohydrodynamics simulations in general relativity (GRRMHD) of super-Eddington disk accretion onto neutron stars endowed with a magnetic dipole corresponding to surface strengths not exceeding 100 GigaGauss. Accretion is found to power strong outflows which collimate the emergent radiation of the accretion columns, leading to apparent radiative luminosities of $\sim 100$ Eddington, when the true luminosity is a few Eddington units. Surprisingly, the collimation cone/angle widens with increasing magnetic field. Thus, in our simulations the apparent luminosity of the neutron star is substantially larger for the weaker magnetic fields ($10^{10}\,$G) than for the stronger ones ($10^{11}\,$G). We conclude that a super-Eddington accreting neutron star with the dipole magnetic field $10^{10}\,$G is the most likely source of ultraluminous X-rays.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in APJ
Linear Functors and their Fixed Points
Creators: name: Yeasin, Masuka
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Science
subject: thesis

description: In concurrent programming, message passing along channels plays a key role. This is a form of communication between two processes in which messages can be sent in both directions. To ensure the coherent sequencing of receiving and sending messages the communications on such a channel are goverened by a “protocol”. In this thesis, the categorical semantics of protocols for the message passing logic (introduced by Cockett and Pastro) is introduced. A special class of protocols, built on linear functors, is investigated and it is shown that these protocols naturally form linear functors.
Probabilistic Hybrid Action Models for Predicting Concurrent Percept-driven Robot Behavior
Creators: name: Beetz, M.
name: Grosskreutz, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article develops Probabilistic Hybrid Action Models (PHAMs), a realistic causal model for predicting the behavior generated by modern percept-driven robot plans. PHAMs represent aspects of robot behavior that cannot be represented by most action models used in AI planning: the temporal structure of continuous control processes, their non-deterministic effects, several modes of their interferences, and the achievement of triggering conditions in closed-loop robot plans. The main contributions of this article are: (1) PHAMs, a model of concurrent percept-driven behavior, its formalization, and proofs that the model generates probably, qualitatively accurate predictions; and (2) a resource-efficient inference method for PHAMs based on sampling projections from probabilistic action models and state descriptions. We show how PHAMs can be applied to planning the course of action of an autonomous robot office courier based on analytical and experimental results.
CURRENT VIEWS ON THE PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT OF UTERINE MYOMAS
Creators: name: Soleyeva, Nigina
name: Khurramova, Nafosat
name: Nasimova, N.R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This thesis considers various approaches to the treatment of patients with uterine myoma, including organ-preserving methods. The analysis of the literature data allowed us to conclude that it is advisable to further study the effectiveness of focused ultrasound (FUS) ablation as a therapy method. This is due to the high interest of patients in uterine preservation and the desire of most of them to maintain reproductive function.
The Adoptive Transfer of Helminth Antigen-Pulsed Dendritic Cells as a Novel Therapy for Colitis
Creators: name: Matisz, Chelsea
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Parasitology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Pathology
subject: Helminth
subject: Helminth antigens
subject: Helminth therapy
subject: DENDRITIC CELLS
subject: Cell Therapy
subject: Colitis
subject: DNBS

description: The incidence of autoimmune, inflammatory, and allergic diseases—such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—is increasing in westernized societies at alarming rates. Similarly, dramatically reduced exposure to infectious organisms, including helminth parasites, has been observed. The important role that pathogens play in the shaping and functioning of our immune systems, both evolutionarily and developmentally speaking, has led to the hygiene hypothesis: that reduced exposure to organisms can predispose to immune dysregulation under certain contexts. Infection with helminth parasites has therefore been explored as a potential treatment for certain autoimmune diseases, with mixed success. This work extends upon the traditional paradigm of helminth therapy, and explores the potential of using helminth antigens to develop a cellular therapy as a novel treatment for colitis. The adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) treated with an antigen extract from the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta (HD) significantly attenuated the severity of the dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) model of colitis in mice: these HD-DC cells localized in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and colons of recipient mice. HD-DCs evoked significant increases in IL-4 and IL-10 in secondary lymphoid organs. Mechanistically, HD-DCs suppressed colitis through mobilization of recipient IL-10, and IL-4Ra signaling; further, HD-DCs drove the proliferation of CD4+ splenocytes, which also suppressed colitis in recipients via IL-10. HD-DCs that lacked IL-10 or IL-4Ra were unable to suppress colitis, suggesting these cells are a source of IL-10, and must respond to IL-4. In the absence of MHC II signaling HD-DCs were unable to drive splenic IL-4 or IL-10, but were still able to suppress disease, suggesting an alternative mechanism of DNBS suppression in the absence of TCR engagement: increased TGF-B produced by splenocytes of MHC II knock out (KO) HD-DC recipients, relative to WT HD-DC recipients, points to this anti-inflammatory cytokine as a potential mechanism. Further, MHC II KO HD-DCs were still capable of inducing an anti-colitic CD4+ splenocyte, suggesting a non-canonical means of T cell activation at play. Combined, these proof-of-principle studies highlight the potential for helminth antigen-based cellular therapy as a novel treatment strategy for IBD.
Conditional Dependence in Joint Modelling of Longitudinal Non-Gaussian Outcomes
Creators: name: Roy, Mili
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: GCMM
subject: GLMM

description: The thesis is motivated by the limitations of conventional joint modelling strategies based on linear and generalized linear mixed models (LMMs/GLMMs). The class of so-called Gaussian copula mixed models (GCMMs), introduced by Wu and de Leon (2014) to generalize conventional LMMs/GLMMs to non-Gaussian settings, was adopted, and simulations were conducted to investigate the impact of incorrectly ignoring the conditional dependence between outcomes, given the random effects, on the performance of maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs). A variety of scenarios involving shared or correlated random effects were considered, and implementation of the correct and misspecified joint models was done in SAS’s PROC NLMIXED. Although MLEs of fixed effects were only slightly impacted by the conditional independence misspecification, MLEs based on the correct GCMM yielded generally better performances than those from the incorrect model. Data on pediatric pain (Weiss, 2005; Withanage et al., 2015) were used for illustration.
Coupled Phonons, Magnetic Excitations and Ferroelectricity in AlFeO3: Raman and First-principles Studies
Creators: name: Kumar, Pradeep
name: Bera, A.
name: Muthu, D. V. S.
name: Shirodkar, S. N.
name: Saha, R.
name: Shireen, A.
name: Sundaresan, A.
name: Waghmare, U. V.
name: Sood, A. K.
name: Rao, C. N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the nature of coupled phonons and magnetic excitations in AlFeO3 using inelastic light scattering from 5 K to 315 K covering a spectral range from 100-2200 cm-1 and complementary first-principles density functional theory-based calculations. A strong spin-phonon coupling and magnetic ordering induced phonon renormalization are evident in (a) anomalous temperature dependence of many modes with frequencies below 850 cm-1, particularly near the magnetic transition temperature Tc ~ 250 K, (b) distinct changes in band positions of high frequency Raman bands between 1100-1800 cm-1, in particular a broad mode near 1250 cm-1 appears only below Tc attributed to the two-magnon Raman scattering. We also observe weak anomalies in the mode frequencies at ~ 100 K, due to a magnetically driven ferroelectric phase transition. Understanding of these experimental observations has been possible on the basis of first-principles calculations of phonons spectrum and their coupling with spins.
Four pieces for quartet : a composition for violin, violoncello, piano, and percussion
Creators: name: Young, Aaron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: “Four Pieces for Quartet” is a 27 minute chamber work for violin, violoncello, piano, and percussion. Influenced by various elements of jazz composition and practice, its four movements draw from various eras of jazz history for source material. The chosen material from ragtime, bebop, modal, and modern jazz sub-genres functions as the impetus for motive and rhythmic development, gesture, compositional structure, instrumentation, orchestration, and instrumental interaction throughout the work. With the appropriation and incorporation of these materials, the composition seeks to subtly merge jazz and classical compositional techniques into a hybrid style.
Initial State: Theory Status
Creators: name: Albacete, Javier L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a brief discussion of the different approaches to the study initial state effects in heavy ion collisions in view of the recent results from Pb+Pb and p+p collisions at the LHC.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the XXII International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, QM2011. Annecy, France, 22-28 May 2011
Evaluating the Performance of Direct Injection and TUIO-based Protocols for Multi-Touch Data Transfer
Creators: name: Andreychuk, Darren
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: Computer Science

description: In the past two years, hardware vendors have released drivers for multi-touch devices running on Windows 7. Since direct injection of multi-touch input uses the Human Interface Device (HID) for USB protocol, it represents a new way of transferring touch data to client applications acting as an alternative to the Tangible User Interface protocol (TUIO) previously introduced. Anecdotally, TUIO has been criticized in the past for slowing applications down because of noticeable latency gaps between touch interactions and visual feedback from the system. This problem can result in poor user experiences and software quality degradation, both of which are contributing factors to device rejection in the marketplace. Over time touch-based systems have evolved into modular systems making it challenging to track performance bottlenecks in the overall system. This thesis focuses on high-performance multi-touch software systems by comparing HID and TUIO to determine which protocol contributes the lowest latency. A semi-automated benchmark harness was constructed for an existing system to simulate and monitor different scenarios commonly observed in multi-touch interactions, with the goal of stress-testing both protocols without the presence of hardware. A performance evaluation was conducted on the modified system and the results indicate that, when compared to TUIO, HID is a faster protocol for multi-touch data transfer under constantly changing and often strenuous conditions.
Un Librito de Salud Reproductiva (A Booklet on Reproductive Health)
Creators: name: Dewar, Hiran
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Reproductive rights
subject: Women's health services

description: Hiran Dewar created a booklet in Spanish with sexual health topics such as STIs, contraception, sexual harassment, sexual assault, and healthy relationships. This booklet was inspired by her work in "SPANLANG 13SL: Second-Year Spanish: Emphasis on Service Learning" where she met with Stanford workers and learned about the resource constraints that they face while spending much of their day at Stanford, an extremely resource-rich institution. Hiran’s booklet was also based on the curriculum she had previously taught for Stanford students in "WELLNESS 191: Peer Education on Comprehensive Sexual Health". To gather content for her project, Hiran worked with Stanford workers and her capstone advisor to discuss culturally relevant and accessible resources to include in the booklet and her larger human right capstone project. With the help of the Human Rights Center, this booklet will be printed and distributed among Stanford workers as a way of increasing awareness and resources available in the local community.
The Influence of Previous Injury History on Health and Fitness Outcomes in Junior High School Students
Creators: name: Van Den Berg, Carla
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education--Tests and Measurements
subject: Recreation
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Sport Injury
subject: Physical Activity
subject: Physical Fitness
subject: Youth
subject: Health
subject: Anthropometry
subject: Obesity

description: Objective: To assess the influence of previous sport and recreational injury on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, musculoskeletal strength, and dynamic balance in junior high school students (ages 11-16). Methods: Cross-sectional study design. Participants included 1,039 students from six junior high schools in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Demographics, injury history, and sport participation over the previous 12 months were collected using a questionnaire. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, predicted VO2max, vertical jump, eyes closed dynamic balance, and star excursion balance test reach distances. Results: Previously injured participants had significantly higher BMI and left foot balance times compared to uninjured participants. Exploratory analysis results suggest that those who sustained two injuries had a significantly increased BMI and waist circumference compared to those who sustained no injuries. Conclusions: Participants with a history of injury demonstrated more unhealthy body composition, but better left foot dynamic balance compared to uninjured participants.
Expansion of Skin-Derived Precursor Cells (SKPs) in Stirred Suspension Bioreactors
Creators: name: Boon, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: skin-derived precursors
subject: bioreactors
subject: bioprocess
subject: skin grafts

description: Skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) have potential therapeutic applications for dermal regeneration in patients who have undergone split-thickness skin graft (STSG) surgeries due to severe burns. While these cells are traditionally grown in vitro in static t-flasks, a more standardized, well-controlled culture environment is desirable so that sufficient numbers of cells can be produced for clinical applications. This study outlines a bioprocess which could be used to expand SKPs, and establishes a baseline of how these cells grow in static and bioreactor conditions. Using a 9% total body surface area burn as the baseline, it was determined that a fold expansion of approximately 45 to 270 would be required for a 10 cm² piece of donor skin, assuming all cells isolated proliferate and are of therapeutic benefit. While this is not feasible based on current expansion achieved in bioreactors, this study provides useful information moving forward towards more advanced bioprocess development.
Constraints on R-parity violating interactions in supersymmetric standard model from leptonic decays of D_s and B^+ mesons
Creators: name: Cho, Gi-Chol
name: Matsuo, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study leptonic decays D_s\to τνand B^+ \to τνin R-parity violating (RPV) supersymmetric standard model. The interference between the s-channel slepton exchange and the t-channel squark exchange diagrams could be destructive in a certain model parameter region so that sizable RPV couplings are allowed. Contributions from the RPV interactions to the final states with the lepton flavor violation (LFV), τν_μ(τν_e), are also examined taking account of constraints on the RPV couplings from the other LFV processes.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. Reference added. Version to appear in Phys.Lett.B
Additional file 1 of Ethnicity-specific blood pressure thresholds based on cardiovascular and renal complications: a prospective study in the UK Biobank
Creators: name: Su, Donghan
name: Yang, Huanhuan
name: Chen, Zekun
name: Kong, Yuhao
name: Na, Xiaona
name: Lin, Queran
name: Zhao, Ai
name: Zheng, Yan
name: Ma, Yanan
name: Li, Xiaoyu
name: Li, Zhihui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flowchart for inclusion in the analytic sample of participants in the UK biobank. Table S1. Manual blood pressure measurement distribution and values compared to automated measurements. Table S2. Outcome definitions and corresponding ICD 9/10 codes. Table S3. Number of cases and the crude incidence rate for the composite outcomes. Table S4. Ethnicity-specific thresholds of systolic blood pressure after adjusting for immigration history. Table S5. Ethnicity-specific thresholds of systolic blood pressure in different age groups. Table S6. Ethnicity-specific thresholds of systolic blood pressure by sex groups. Table S7. Population attributable fraction of the composite outcome associated with grade 1 hypertension defined by ethnicity-specific thresholds vs. ESH-recommended thresholds.
Simple, Fast and Accurate Implementation of the Diffusion Approximation Algorithm for Stochastic Ion Channels with Multiple States
Creators: name: Orio, Patricio
name: Soudry, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The phenomena that emerge from the interaction of the stochastic opening and closing of ion channels (channel noise) with the non-linear neural dynamics are essential to our understanding of the operation of the nervous system. The effects that channel noise can have on neural dynamics are generally studied using numerical simulations of stochastic models. Algorithms based on discrete Markov Chains (MC) seem to be the most reliable and trustworthy, but even optimized algorithms come with a non-negligible computational cost. Diffusion Approximation (DA) methods use Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE) to approximate the behavior of a number of MCs, considerably speeding up simulation times. However, model comparisons have suggested that DA methods did not lead to the same results as in MC modeling in terms of channel noise statistics and effects on excitability. Recently, it was shown that the difference arose because MCs were modeled with coupled activation subunits, while the DA was modeled using uncoupled activation subunits. Implementations of DA with coupled subunits, in the context of a specific kinetic scheme, yielded similar results to MC. However, it remained unclear how to generalize these implementations to different kinetic schemes, or whether they were faster than MC algorithms. Additionally, a steady state approximation was used for the stochastic terms, which, as we show here, can introduce significant inaccuracies. We derived the SDE explicitly for any given ion channel kinetic scheme. The resulting generic equations were surprisingly simple and interpretable - allowing an easy and efficient DA implementation. The algorithm was tested in a voltage clamp simulation and in two different current clamp simulations, yielding the same results as MC modeling. Also, the simulation efficiency of this DA method demonstrated considerable superiority over MC methods.
description: 32 text pages, 10 figures, 1 supplementary text + figure