cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spotting 2-D Atomic Layers on Aluminum Nitride Thin Films
Creators: name: Chandrasekar, Hareesh
name: B, Krishna Bharadwaj
name: Vaidyuala, Kranthi Kumar
name: Suran, Swathi
name: Bhat, Navakanta
name: Varma, Manoj
name: Raghavan, Srinivasan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of large-area substrates imposes an important constraint on the technological and commercial realization of devices made of layered materials. Aluminum nitride films on silicon are shown to be promising candidate materials as large-area substrates for such devices. Herein, the optical contrast of exemplar 2D layers - MoS2and graphene - on AlN films has been investigated as a necessary first step to realize devices on these substrates. Significant contrast enhancements are predicted and observed on AlN films compared to conventional SiO2films. Quantitative estimates of experimental contrast using reflectance spectroscopy show very good agreement with predicted values.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, supplementary information
Accurate temperature imaging based on intermolecular coherences in magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Jenista, E.R.
name: Branca, R.T.
name: Warren, W.S.
name: Galiana, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Conventional magnetic resonance methods that provide interior temperature profiles, which find use in clinical applications such as hyperthermic therapy, can develop inaccuracies caused by the inherently inhomogeneous magnetic field within tissues or by probe dynamics, and work poorly in important applications such as fatty tissues. We present a magnetic resonance method that is suitable for imaging temperature in a wide range of environments. It uses the inherently sharp resonances of intermolecular zero-quantum coherences, in this case flipping up a water spin while flipping down a nearby fat spin. We show that this method can rapidly and accurately assign temperatures in vivo on an absolute scale.
Signal enhancement in CRAZED experiments
Creators: name: Branca, R.T.
name: Warren, W.S.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2007

description: Many of the promising applications of the CRAZED (COSY Revamped with Asymmetric Z-gradient Echo Detection) experiments are in biomedical and clinical technologies. In tissue, however, signal from the typical CRAZED experiment is largely limited by transverse relaxation. When relaxation is included, the maximum achievable signal from a prototypical CRAZED sequence, in the linear regime, is proportional to T2/τd. This means that for samples with a short T2, as encountered in vivo, signals from intermolecular multiple-quantum coherences (iMQCs) reach very diminished signal intensities. While relaxation is generally regarded as a fundamental constraint, we show here that when T2 is short but T1 is long, as in tissue, there are simple sequence modifications that can increase signal beyond the T2 limit. To better utilize the available signal intensity from iMQCs we propose a method to substitute part of the transverse magnetization with the longitudinally modulated magnetization. In this paper we show, with both simulations and experimental results, that in the presence of strong transverse relaxation the standard CRAZED scheme is not the optimal method for observing iMQCs, and can be improved upon with simple modifications.
Parton-model calculation of a nonstandard decay process in isotropic modified Maxwell theory
Creators: name: Diaz, J. S.
name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a calculation in the parton-model approximation of a nonstandard decay process in isotropic modified Maxwell theory coupled to standard Dirac theory, with a single Lorentz-violating parameter $κ$ in the photonic sector. Previous calculations of this process (vacuum Cherenkov radiation by a proton for the theory with $κ>0$) were performed for pointlike particles, and an upper bound on $κ$ at the $10^{-19}$ level was obtained from experimental data on ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. The parton-model results change the decay rate by about an order of magnitude but give the same upper bound on $κ$ because the threshold energy is unchanged. The previous point-particle calculation of photon decay into an electron-positron pair for the theory with $κ<0$ remains valid, and experimental results on cosmic gamma rays provide a lower bound on $κ$ at the $-10^{-15}$ level.
description: 16 pages, v5: published version
(500907) John Latham Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Reynolds-stress model prediction of 3-D duct flows
Creators: name: Gerolymos, G. A.
name: Vallet, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper examines the impact of different modelling choices in second-moment closures by assessing model performance in predicting 3-D duct flows. The test-cases (developing flow in a square duct [Gessner F.B., Emery A.F.: {\em ASME J. Fluids Eng.} {\bf 103} (1981) 445--455], circular-to-rectangular transition-duct [Davis D.O., Gessner F.B.: {\em AIAA J.} {\bf 30} (1992) 367--375], and \tsn{S}-duct with large separation [Wellborn S.R., Reichert B.A., Okiishi T.H.: {\em J. Prop. Power} {\bf 10} (1994) 668--675]) include progressively more complex strains. Comparison of experimental data with selected 7-equation models (6 Reynolds-stress-transport and 1 scale-determining equations), which differ in the closure of the velocity/pressure-gradient tensor $Π_{ij}$, suggests that rapid redistribution controls separation and secondary-flow prediction, whereas, inclusion of pressure-diffusion modelling improves reattachment and relaxation behaviour.
description: submitted article, 46 pages, 24 Figs
The conformal limit and projective structures
Creators: name: Silva, Pedro M.
name: Gothen, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F10 (Primary) 14D21, 14H60, 53C43 (Secondary)

description: The non-abelian Hodge correspondence maps a polystable $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$-Higgs bundle on a compact Riemann surface $X$ of genus $g\geq2$ to a connection which, in some cases, is the holonomy of a branched hyperbolic structure. On the other hand, Gaiotto's conformal limit maps the same bundle to a partial oper, i.e., to a connection whose holonomy is that of a branched complex projective structure compatible with $X$.
 In this article, we show how these are both instances of the same phenomenon: the family of connections appearing in the conformal limit can be understood as a family of complex projective structures, deforming the hyperbolic ones into the ones compatible with $X$.
 We also show that, when the Higgs bundle has zero Toledo invariant, this deformation is optimal, inducing a geodesic on Teichmüller's metric space.
description: 24 pages, comments welcome. V2: minor corrections and improvements. To appear in IMRN
Image Similarity using An Ensemble of Context-Sensitive Models
Creators: name: Liao, Zukang
name: Chen, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image similarity has been extensively studied in computer vision. In recent years, machine-learned models have shown their ability to encode more semantics than traditional multivariate metrics. However, in labelling semantic similarity, assigning a numerical score to a pair of images is impractical, making the improvement and comparisons on the task difficult. In this work, we present a more intuitive approach to build and compare image similarity models based on labelled data in the form of A:R vs B:R, i.e., determining if an image A is closer to a reference image R than another image B. We address the challenges of sparse sampling in the image space (R, A, B) and biases in the models trained with context-based data by using an ensemble model. Our testing results show that the ensemble model constructed performs ~5% better than the best individual context-sensitive models. They also performed better than the models that were directly fine-tuned using mixed imagery data as well as existing deep embeddings, e.g., CLIP and DINO. This work demonstrates that context-based labelling and model training can be effective when an appropriate ensemble approach is used to alleviate the limitation due to sparse sampling.
About the crazed sequence
Creators: name: Maraviglia, B.
name: Capuani, S.
name: Branca, R.T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: In this article we report a detailed and understandable analysis of the evolution of various coherence orders in a Correlated 2D spectroscopy Revamped by Asymmetric Z-gradient Echo Detection (CRAZED) like pulse sequence, used to select a signal from intermolecular Multi Quantum Coherences (iMQCs). Because the signal to-noise-ratio of iMQC is much lower than the signal from conventional single quantum coherence (SQC), an optimization of experimental parameters is a necessity when measurements are made with iMQC. For this purpose a phase cycle is shown that not only allows a simpler selection of a particular quantum coherence order, but also removes receiver artifacts.
Representative diatom and coccolithophore species exhibit divergent responses throughout simulated upwelling cycles
Creators: name: Marchetti, A.
name: Lin, Y.Y.
name: Hernandez, G.
name: Lampe, R.H.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 2021

description: Wind-driven upwelling followed by relaxation results in cycles of cold nutrient- rich water fueling intense phytoplankton blooms followed by nutrient depletion, bloom decline, and sinking of cells. Surviving cells at depth can then be vertically transported back to the surface with upwelled waters to seed another bloom. As a result of these cycles, phytoplankton communities in upwelling regions are transported through a wide range of light and nutrient conditions. Diatoms appear to be well suited for these cycles, but their responses to them remain understudied. To investigate the bases for diatoms' ecological success in upwelling environments, we employed laboratory simulations of a complete upwelling cycle with a common diatom, Chaetoceros decipiens, and coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi. We show that while both organisms exhibited physiological and transcriptomic plasticity, the diatom displayed a distinct response enabling it to rapidly shift-up growth rates and nitrate assimilation when returned to light and available nutrients following dark nutrient-deplete conditions. As observed in natural diatom communities, C. decipiens highly expresses before upwelling, or frontloads, key transcriptional and nitrate assimilation genes, coordinating its rapid response to upwelling conditions. Low-iron simulations showed that C. decipiens is capable of maintaining this response when iron is limiting to growth, whereas E. huxleyi is not. Differential expression between iron treatments further revealed specific genes used by each organism under low iron availability. Overall, these results highlight the responses of two dominant phytoplankton groups to upwelling cycles, providing insight into the mechanisms fueling diatom blooms during upwelling events.
(500906) Robert Basil Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Loop current states and their stability in small fractal lattices of Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Koch, Georg
name: Posazhennikova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of interacting Bose-Einstein condensates on small Sierpinski gaskets. We study eigenstates which are characterised by cyclic supercurrents per each triangular plaquette ("loop" states). For noninteracting systems we find at least three classes of loop eigenmodes: standard; chaotic and periodic. Standard modes are those inherited from the basic three-site ring of condensates with phase differences locked to $2π/3$. Standard modes become unstable in the interacting system but only when the interaction exceeds a certain critical value $u_c$. Chaotic modes are characterised by very different circular currents per plaquette, so that the usual symmetry of loop currents is broken. Circular supercurrents associated with chaotic modes become chaotic for any finite interaction, signalling the loss of coherence between the condensates. Periodic modes are described by alternating populations and two different phase differences. The modes are self-similar and are present in all generations of Sierpinski gasket. When the interaction is included, the circular current of such a mode becomes periodic in time with the amplitude growing linearly with the interaction. Above a critical interaction the amplitude saturates signalling a transition to a macroscopic self-trapping state originally known from a usual Bose Josephson junction. We perform a systematic analysis of this rich physics.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, typos corrected, additional explanations added, additional figures
Stronger steerability criterion for more uncertain continuous variable systems
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Priyanka
name: Pramanik, Tanumoy
name: Majumdar, Archan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a fine-grained uncertainty relation for the measurement of two incompatible observables on a single quantum system of continuous variables, and show that continuous variable systems are more uncertain than discrete variable systems. Using the derived fine-grained uncertainty relation, we formulate stronger steering criterion that is able to reveal the steerability of N00N states that has hitherto not been possible using other criteria. We further obtain a monogamy relation for our steering inequality which leads to an, in principle, improved lower bound on the secret key rate of a one-sided device independent quantum key distribution protocol for continuous variables.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, published version
(500905) William Fiennes Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Latex Thesis Template University of Limerick
Creators: name: Torre, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: thesis
latex
template
university of limerick
phd; master; bachelor

description: Latex Thesis Template for Undergraduate/Master/PhD University of Limerick Latex template for dissertations at University of Limerick HELP on LATEX here https://www.latex-project.org/help/links/ Compiled pdf offers more info. On the folder "7_references" there is a BibTex file named "references_myphd". This files has all examples on how to cite according to the Harvard referencing style required by UL)
(500904) Edith Bertha Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multidimensional Nonhomogeneous Quasi-Linear Systems and Their Hamiltonian Structure
Creators: name: Hu, Xin
name: Casati, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K10, 37K25

description: In this paper, we investigate multidimensional first-order quasi-linear systems and find necessary conditions for them to admit Hamiltonian formulation. The insufficiency of the conditions is related to the Poisson cohomology of the admissible Hamiltonian operators. We present in detail the examples of two-dimensional, two-components systems of hydrodynamic type and of a real reduction of the 3-waves system.
(500903) Edward Peers Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Investigating the tectonic evolution of the NE Newfoundland-Porcupine Atlantic conjugate margins using new seismic reflection data and deformable plate modelling
Creators: name: Yang, Pei
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: In recent years, there has been an improved understanding of the multi-episodic extensional processes that were active along the NE Newfoundland-Porcupine Atlantic conjugate margins during the Mesozoic. However, there are still unresolved key issues about this rift system, including unclear structural styles and crustal architecture due to lacking seismic data constraints, uncertainties about the effects of structural inheritance and rift segmentation on margin development, skepticism about the role of extension obliquity, and increased scrutiny about the conjugate relationship between the Flemish Cap and Goban Spur. In this thesis, an integrated geophysical study, based on newly acquired seismic reflection data, seismic refraction data, borehole data, and potential field data along the rift system, is undertaken to define the crustal architecture. The faults, sedimentary layers, and basement features display distinct 3D characteristics and the crustal architecture is highly variable along the margin. Along-strike variability is associated with changes in extension rates, rift obliquity, and the effect of reactivation of inherited Caledonian and Variscan basement fabrics, indicative of segmentation of the rift system. In conjunction with constraints from newly acquired seismic data, this study improves upon published deformable plate models in GPlates by introducing segmentation of the Porcupine Bank and transfer faults on the continental crust of the Goban Spur, generating a better fit compared with previous plate reconstruction models. The updated deformable plate model allows us to visualize the crustal thickness evolution through time and further quantify the amount, orientation, and timing of extension events between the NE Newfoundland, Iberia, and Irish Atlantic margins. This model shows that the NE Newfoundland-Porcupine Atlantic margin pair is highly segmented and obliquely hyperextended. The model also demonstrates the significant role played by continental ribbons/microplates in controlling crustal thickness within the deformable region. The thesis results reshape our understanding of the complex kinematic evolution of the NE Newfoundland-Porcupine Atlantic rift system and of rift compartmentalization across the southern North Atlantic. The conjugate relationships between the Goban Spur, Porcupine Bank, and Flemish Cap are also renewed, which is beneficial to derisk petroleum exploration in the underexplored conjugate margin basins. Finally, these results can potentially offer insights into the evolution of other rifted margins (e.g., the Red Sea) on the Earth.
Interference effects in the $H(\rightarrow γγ) + 2$ jets channel at the LHC
Creators: name: Coradeschi, F.
name: de Florian, D.
name: Dixon, L. J.
name: Fidanza, N.
name: Hoeche, S.
name: Ita, H.
name: Li, Y.
name: Mazzitelli, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the interference between the resonant process $pp\to H(\rightarrow γγ)+2 \text{ jets}$ and the corresponding continuum background at leading order in QCD. For the Higgs signal, we include gluon fusion (GF) and vector boson fusion (VBF) production channels, while for the background we consider all tree-level contributions, including pure EW effects (${\cal O}(α_{QED}^4)$) and QCD contributions (${\cal O}(α_{QED}^2 α_{s}^2)$), plus the loop-induced gluon-initiated process. After convolution with the experimental mass resolution, the main effect of the interference is to shift the position of the mass peak, as in the inclusive GF case studied previously. The apparent mass shift is small in magnitude but strongly dependent on the Higgs width, potentially allowing for a measurement of, or bound on, the width itself. In the $H(\rightarrow γγ)+2 \text{ jets}$ channel, the VBF and GF contributions generate shifts of opposite signs which largely cancel, depending on the sets of cuts used, to as little as 5 MeV (toward a lower Higgs mass). The small magnitude of the shift makes this channel a good reference mass for measuring the inclusive mass shift of around 60 MeV in the Standard Model.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. v2: Conclusions added and references updated. To be published in PRD
(500902) Constance Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Entropy determination based on the ordinal structure of a dynamical system
Creators: name: Keller, Karsten
name: Maksymenko, Sergiy
name: Stolz, Inga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58F15, 58F17, 53C35

description: The ordinal approach to evaluate time series due to innovative works of Bandt and Pompe has increasingly established itself among other techniques of nonlinear time series analysis. In this paper, we summarize and generalize the theory of determining the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of a measure-preserving dynamical system via increasing sequences of order generated partitions of the state space. Our main focus are measuring processes without information loss. Particularly, we consider the question of the minimal necessary number of measurements related to the properties of a given dynamical system.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
(500897) Arthur Cyril Wickham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Taxonomic and nutrient controls on phytoplankton iron quotas in the ocean
Creators: name: Tagliabue, A.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Twining, B.S.
name: Antipova, O.
name: Rauschenberg, S.
name: Chappell, P.D.
name: Jacquot, J.E.
name: Mann, E.L.
name: Cohen, N.R.
name: Ohnemus, D.C.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Phytoplankton iron contents (i.e., quotas) directly link biogeochemical cycles of iron and carbon and drive patterns of nutrient limitation, recycling, and export. Ocean biogeochemical models typically assume that iron quotas are either static or controlled by dissolved iron availability. We measured iron quotas in phytoplankton communities across nutrient gradients in the Pacific Ocean and found that quotas diverged significantly in taxon-specific ways from laboratory-derived predictions. Iron quotas varied 40-fold across nutrient gradients, and nitrogen-limitation allowed diatoms to accumulate fivefold more iron than co-occurring flagellates even under low iron availability. Modeling indicates such “luxury” uptake is common in large regions of the low-iron Pacific Ocean. Among diatoms, both pennate and centric genera accumulated luxury iron, but the cosmopolitan pennate genus Pseudo-nitzschia maintained iron quotas 10-fold higher than co-occurring centric diatoms, likely due to enhanced iron storage. Biogeochemical models should account for taxonomic and macronutrient controls on phytoplankton iron quotas.
OPEUS D3.4 - S2R innovation second periodic assessment
Creators: name: Partner-UROS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This deliverable ‘DO3.4 - S2R innovation second periodic assessment’ is the third part of a three-part deliverable series DO3.3 and DO3.4, which focuses on the periodic assessment of the technical innovations within OPEUS and Shift2Rail. This third part of the deliverable report builds upon the reported investigations and technical approaches, within single technical demonstrators (TDs) of Shift2Rail. The data regarding the technical investigations are gathered within the framework of the EU-project FINE1. The main objective of this report is providing an overview and analysis for the investigated innovations of the gathered innovations. In analogy to the first and second part of this report, the analysis is based on simulation results, which are determined with the OPEUS-tool (developed within OPEUS WP2 “Simulation model and tool development”). To enable a proper assessment of the technical innovations, the arising simulation results are compared to the baseline scenario simulations. These baseline scenarios are described in OPEUS Deliverable D3.1 and FINE1 Deliverable D3.1 and the baseline simulation results are evaluated in OPEUS Deliverable D3.2. Based on these comparisons, the potential of the investigated innovations is discussed. This report serves as an input for WP 7, which has the objective to provide a summary as well as a global vision of energy usage in railway applications. Furthermore, this report is linked to OPEUS WP 5, which includes a sensitivity analysis for several train parameters regarding energy consumption. The current report allows for backing up this sensitivity analysis in order of provide several simulation evaluation for improved train characteristics. Additionally, the outcomes of this report are expected to support the work in WP4 of FINE1 in order to provide an opportunity to analyse the investigated techniques as well as to determine the focus of further investigations.
Probing the Solar Wind Acceleration Region with the Sun--Grazing Comet C/2002 S2
Creators: name: Giordano, Silvio
name: Raymond, John C.
name: Lamy, Philippe
name: Uzzo, Michael
name: Dobrzycka, Danuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comet C/2002 S2, a member of the Kreutz family of Sungrazing comets, was discovered in white light images of the SOHO/LASCO coronagraph on 2002 September 18 and observed in \hi\, \lya\, emission by the SOHO/UVCS instrument at four different heights as it approached the Sun. The \hi\, \lya\, line profiles detected by UVCS are analyzed to determine the spectral parameters: line intensity, width and Doppler shift with respect to the coronal background. Two dimensional comet images of these parameters are reconstructed at the different heights. A novel aspect of the observations of this sungrazing comet data is that, whereas the emission from the most of the tail is blue--shifted, that along one edge of the tail is red--shifted. We attribute these shifts to a combination of solar wind speed and interaction with the magnetic field. In order to use the comet to probe the density, temperature and speed of the corona and solar wind through which it passes, as well as to determine the outgassing rate of the comet, we develop a Monte Carlo simulation of the \hi\, \lya\, emission of a comet moving through a coronal plasma. From the outgassing rate, we estimate a nucleus diameter of about 9 meters. This rate steadily increases as the comet approaches the Sun while the optical brightness decreases by more than a factor of ten and suddenly recovers. This indicates that the optical brightness is determined by the lifetimes of the grains, sodium atoms and molecules produced by the comet.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Nigel -- Mechatronic Design and Robust Sim2Real Control of an Over-Actuated Autonomous Vehicle
Creators: name: Samak, Chinmay Vilas
name: Samak, Tanmay Vilas
name: Velni, Javad Mohammadpour
name: Krovi, Venkat Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Simulation to reality (sim2real) transfer from a dynamics and controls perspective usually involves re-tuning or adapting the designed algorithms to suit real-world operating conditions, which often violates the performance guarantees established originally. This work presents a generalizable framework for achieving reliable sim2real transfer of autonomy-oriented control systems using multi-model multi-objective robust optimal control synthesis, which lends well to uncertainty handling and disturbance rejection with theoretical guarantees. Particularly, this work is centered around a novel actuation-redundant scaled autonomous vehicle called Nigel, with independent all-wheel drive and independent all-wheel steering architecture, whose enhanced configuration space bodes well for robust control applications. To this end, we present the mechatronic design, dynamics modeling, parameter identification, and robust stabilizing as well as tracking control of Nigel using the proposed framework, with exhaustive experimentation and benchmarking in simulation as well as real-world settings.
description: Accepted in IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics (TMECH) and additionally accepted to be presented at IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM) 2024
Declines and recovery in endangered Galapagos pinnipeds during the El Niño event
Creators: name: Páez-Rosas, D.
name: Seim, H.
name: Torres, J.
name: Riofrío-Lazo, M.
name: Espinoza, E.
name: Marchetti, A.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Currently, the Galapagos sea lion (GSL, Zalophus wollebaeki) and Galapagos fur seal (GFS, Arctocephalus galapagoensis) are among the most important endemic species for conservation in the Galapagos Archipelago. Both are classified as “Endangered” since their populations have undergone drastic declines over the last several decades. In this study we estimated the abundance of both otariids, and their population trends based using counts conducted between 2014 and 2018 in all their rookeries, and we analyzed the influence of environmental variability on pup production. The GSL population size in 2018 in the archipelago was estimated to be between 17,000 to 24,000 individuals and has increased at an average annual rate of 1% over the last five years after applying correction factors. The highest number of GSL counted in the archipelago was in 2014 followed by a population decline of 23.8% in 2015 that was associated with the El Niño event that occurred during that year. Following this event, the population increased mainly in the northern, central and southeastern rookeries. The GSL pup abundance showed a decreasing trend with the increase in intensity of the El Niño. The GFS population in 2018 was counted in 3,093 individuals and has increased at an annual rate of 3% from 2014 to 2018. A high number of GFS counted in 2014 was followed by a population decrease of 38% in 2015, mainly in the western rookeries. There was interannual population fluctuations and different growth trends among regions of the archipelago. GSL and GFS pup abundance has a strong decreasing tendency with the increase in the subthermocline temperature (ST) and the El Niño 1 + 2 index. Our results provide evidence that both species are highly vulnerable to periodic oceanographic-atmospheric events in the Galapagos Archipelago which impact prey abundance and the flow of energy in the unique Galapagos ecosystem.
Four Notions of Conjugacy for Abstract Semigroups
Creators: name: Araújo, J.
name: Kinyon, Michael
name: Konieczny, Janusz
name: Malheiro, António
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The action of any group on itself by conjugation and the corresponding conjugacy relation play an important role in group theory. There have been many attempts to find notions of conjugacy in semigroups that would be useful in special classes of semigroups occurring in various areas of mathematics, such as semigroups of matrices, operator and topological semigroups, free semigroups, transition monoids for automata, semigroups given by presentations with prescribed properties, monoids of graph endomorphisms, etc. In this paper we study four notions of conjugacy for semigroups, their interconnections, similarities and dissimilarities. They appeared originally in various different settings (automata, representation theory, presentations or transformation semigroups). Here we study them in maximum generality. The paper ends with a large list of open problems.
description: The paper is now more focused on abstract semigroups and a fourth notion of conjugacy was introduced for its importance in representation theory and finite semigroups
Generalized Tschebyscheff of the second kind and Bernstein polynomials change of bases
Creators: name: AlQudah, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C05, 33C50, 33C45, 33C70, 05A10, 33B15

description: We construct multiple representations relative to different bases of the generalized Tschebyscheff polynomials of second kind. We build the change-of-basis matrices between the generalized Tschebyscheff of the second kind polynomial basis and Bernstein polynomial basis. Also, we provide an explicit closed from of The generalized Polynomials of degree r less than or equal n in terms of the Bernstein basis of fixed degree n.
description: Modifying the title. Text changed and modified, reference added and updated
Decline in plankton diversity and carbon flux with reduced sea ice extent along the Western Antarctic Peninsula
Creators: name: Lin, Y.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Meredith, M.
name: Chaffron, S.
name: Ducklow, H.
name: Eveillard, D.
name: Cassar, N.
name: Li, Z.
name: Schofield, O.
name: Moreno, C.
name: Delage, E.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Since the middle of the past century, the Western Antarctic Peninsula has warmed rapidly with a significant loss of sea ice but the impacts on plankton biodiversity and carbon cycling remain an open question. Here, using a 5-year dataset of eukaryotic plankton DNA metabarcoding, we assess changes in biodiversity and net community production in this region. Our results show that sea-ice extent is a dominant factor influencing eukaryotic plankton community composition, biodiversity, and net community production. Species richness and evenness decline with an increase in sea surface temperature (SST). In regions with low SST and shallow mixed layers, the community was dominated by a diverse assemblage of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Conversely, less diverse plankton assemblages were observed in waters with higher SST and/or deep mixed layers when sea ice extent was lower. A genetic programming machine-learning model explained up to 80% of the net community production variability at the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Among the biological explanatory variables, the sea-ice environment associated plankton assemblage is the best predictor of net community production. We conclude that eukaryotic plankton diversity and carbon cycling at the Western Antarctic Peninsula are strongly linked to sea-ice conditions.
(500801) Robert Edward Todd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Low diversity of a key phytoplankton group along the West Antarctic Peninsula
Creators: name: Marchetti, A.
name: Bowman, J.S.
name: Feehan, C.J.
name: Cassar, N.
name: Brown, M.S.
name: Schofield, O.M.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Moreno, C.M.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: The West Antarctic Peninsula (henceforth “Peninsula”) is experiencing rapid warming and melting that is impacting the regional marine food web. The primary phytoplankton groups along the Peninsula are diatoms and cryptophytes. Relative to diatoms, there has been little focus on regional cryptophytes, and thus our understanding of their diversity and ecology is limited, especially at the species level. This gap is important, as diatoms and cryptophytes play distinct roles in the regional marine food web and biogeochemistry. Here, we use a phylogenetic placement approach with 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants to assess surface ocean cryptophyte diversity and its drivers at a high taxonomic resolution along the Peninsula. Data were collected over 5 years (2012–2016) during the regional research cruises of the Palmer Long-Term Ecological Research program. Our results indicate that there are two major cryptophyte taxa along the Peninsula, consisting of distinct Geminigera spp., which in aggregate always comprise nearly 100% of the cryptophyte community (indicating low taxa evenness). The primary taxon dominates the cryptophyte community across all samples/years, which span a broad range of oceanographic conditions. A shift in cryptophyte community composition between a lower (higher) primary (secondary) taxon percentage is associated with distinct oceanographic conditions, including lower (higher) temperature, salinity, nutrients, and cryptophyte relative abundance (phytoplankton biomass and diatom relative abundance). These results emphasize the need for a full characterization of the ecology of these two taxa, as it is predicted that cryptophytes will increase along the Peninsula given projections of continued regional environmental change.
Suppression of Pauling's Residual Entropy in Dilute Spin Ice (Dy$_{1-x}$Y$_x$)$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Scharffe, S.
name: Breunig, O.
name: Cho, V.
name: Laschitzky, P.
name: Valldor, M.
name: Welter, J. F.
name: Lorenz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Around 0.5 K, the entropy of the spin-ice Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ has a plateau-like feature close to Pauling's residual entropy derived originally for water ice, but an unambiguous quantification towards lower temperature is prevented by ultra-slow thermal equilibration. Based on specific heat data of (Dy$_{1-x}$Y$_x$)$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ we analyze the influence of non-magnetic dilution on the low-temperature entropy. With increasing x, the ultra-slow thermal equilibration rapidly vanishes, the low-temperature entropy systematically decreases and its temperature dependence strongly increases. These data suggest that a non-degenerate ground state is realized in (Dy$_{1-x}$Y$_x$)$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ for intermediate dilution. This contradicts the expected zero-temperature residual entropy obtained from a generalization of Pauling's theory for dilute spin ice, but is supported by Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; slightly revised version to appear in PRB Rapid Communications
(500799) Katherine Iles Todd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Superradiant clouds may be relevant for close compact object binaries
Creators: name: Guo, Ao
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Yang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic fields (within suitable mass range) may be collectively generated by rotating black holes through the black hole superradiance process. The resulting black hole is surrounded by a ``cloud" of particles whose wave function populates the superradiant energy level of the black hole. For comparable mass ratio binary black hole systems, it has been suggested that these clouds often deplete at large binary separations because of level mixing effects. As a result, these clouds may not be dynamically relevant for black hole and neutron star binaries that enter the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA and LISA detection frequency band. In this work, we point out that the common envelope process during a compact binary evolution may bring the binary to $\sim 0.01$AU in hundreds to thousands of years, so that depletion caused by certain level mixings are no longer important. We derive a relevant regime of binary parameters where the clouds are still present for binary entering the LISA band, and show that common envelop process does enlarge such parameter regime. When the binary separation further decreases due to gravitational wave radiation, we discuss the impact of possible cloud mass transfer between the binary objects.
Teacher Strategies in Teaching English Vocabulary to Young Learner at SDN Percobaan Palangka Raya
Creators: name: Andriani, Rini
name: Widiastuty, Hesty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: English vocabulary
teacher strategies
young learner

description: INACELT's material presentation "Teacher Strategies in Teaching English Vocabulary to Young Learner at SDN Percobaan Palangka Raya"
description: {"references": ["Cameron, Lynne. (2001). Teaching Languages to Young Learner.", "Harmer, Jeremy. (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching.", "Nunan, David. (1991). Language Teaching Methodology."]}