cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The evolution of galaxy shapes in CANDELS: from prolate to oblate
Creators: name: Zhang, Haowen
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Koo, David C.
name: Dekel, Avishai
name: Chen, Zhu
name: Ceverino, Daniel
name: Chang, Yu-Yen
name: Fang, Jerome J.
name: Guo, Yicheng
name: Lin, Lin
name: van der Wel, Arjen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the projected b/a-log a distributions of CANDELS main sequence star-forming galaxies, where a (b) is the semi-major (semi-minor) axis of the galaxy images. We find that smaller-a galaxies are rounder at all stellar masses M and redshifts, so we include a when analyzing b/a distributions. Approximating intrinsic shapes of the galaxies as triaxial ellipsoids and assuming a multivariate normal distribution of galaxy size and two shape parameters, we construct their intrinsic shape and size distributions to obtain the fractions of prolate, oblate and spheroidal galaxies in each redshift and mass bin. We find that galaxies tend to be prolate at low m and high redshifts, and oblate at high M and low redshifts, qualitatively consistent with van der Wel et al. (2014), implying that galaxies tend to evolve from prolate to oblate. These results are consistent with the predictions from simulations (Ceverino et al. 2015, Tomassetti et al. 2016) that the transition from prolate to oblate is caused by a compaction event at a characteristic mass range, making the galaxy center baryon dominated. We give probabilities of a galaxy's being prolate, oblate or spheroidal as a function of its M, redshift, projected b/a and a, which can facilitate target selections of galaxies with specific shapes at hight redshifts. We also give predicted optical depths of galaxies, which are qualitatively consistent with the expected correlation that AV should be higher for edge-on disk galaxies in each log a slice at low redshift and high mass bins.
description: 24 pages, 25 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Oral history interview with Paul R. Jervay, Sr., 1971
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Journalists
African American press
African American journalists
African Americans--Civil rights
Journalism--Social aspects
Family-owned business enterprises

description: In this interview with Henry G. La Brie III, Paul R. Jervay, Sr. discusses his family, education, employment history, and work with several black owned and operated newspapers. Jervay shares information on his grandfather, as well as his father who started the Jervay family in the printing and newspaper businesses. In addition he details his brothers' contribution to the family business and provides information on the various newspapers they published, or with whom they worked, including the Norfolk Journal and Guide, and The Chicago Defender. He discusses his work at The Carolinian, and its growth under his leadership: equipment, circulation, staffing, and revenue sources. Jervay shares his views on the importance of, and challenges facing, the black press; and last, its future and impact on black and white communities. He provides his view on the question of whether a paper's ownership dictates its qualification to be identified a black paper. Jervay also talks about the importance of the black press; The Carolinian's affiliation with Amalgamated Publishers, Inc. and the National Newspaper Publishers Association (NNPA); strategies for weeklies to compete with dailies; the importance of the black press as a supplement to the white press; the need for a national news service for African American newspapers; and the importance of investing in the business.
Oral history interview with Paul Phillips, 1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Hemophilia--History.--United States
Hemophilia--Social aspects
Hemophilia--Political aspects
AIDS (Disease)--History.--United States
Lobbying
Health services administrators

description: Financial difficulties at NHF in early 1980s; advent of AIDS in hemophilia community; Risk Reduction Program for preventing HIV in people with hemophilia; regionalization of healthcare delivery in hemophilia community; lobbying for congressional support of regional treatment centers; treatment centers versus local NHF chapters as centers for advocacy and so forth; migration of people in hemophilia community to cities with comprehensive care centers; limitations of regional centers; effect of advent of AIDS on comprehensive treatment centers/regionalization; "hemo-homo" wars in early AIDS era; Pediatric AIDS Conferences and hemophilia; HANDI - Hemophilia and AIDS/HIV Network for the Dissemination of Information; involvement of the Henry family in the hemophilia community; roles and responsibilities of NHF; Chapter Outreach Demonstration Project; disagreements between chapters and national office of NHF; possibilities for future cure for hemophilia
Human Endogenous Retrovirus K Gene Expression in Cutaneous Melanoma
Creators: name: Singh, Sarita
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Introduction: In recent years, the key environmental and genomic changes that "drive" melanoma have become more clearly elucidated but much remains to be understood. Data published in 2003 demonstrated expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus K (HERV-K) in melanomas but not in normal tissues, indicating a potential oncogenic role. Furthermore, HERV-K proviruses encode the putative oncogenic proteins Rec and Np9. In this work the feasibility of reliable detection of HERV-K expression from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue has been determined. Expression has been correlated with melanoma subtype and histological markers of poor outcome. Methods: HERV-K mRNA expression in melanoma cell lines (A375 and WM2664), FFPE primary melanoma (n=39), normal skin (n=31) and benign naevus (n=16) tissues was investigated by a novel real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Expressed HERVK env sequences were cloned and sequenced. Results: A375 cells expressed all HERV-K genes and produced putative viral particles. Full-length mRNA was expressed in all primary melanoma and control tissues investigated with no differences in expression levels between the groups (pol: n=47, p=0.267; unspliced env: n=40, p=0.823). No correlation was observed with melanoma subtype or stage (Breslow). A proportion of all tissue types expressed np9 with no differences in expression levels between them (p=0.964). Spliced env was expressed in 8/39 melanoma, compared with 1/16 benign naevus and 0/31 normal skin samples (p=0.003). Expression of rec was found in 9/39 melanomas but not in control samples (p=0.009) nor extra-lesional skin in five rec-positive cases (p=0.06). The rec-positive melanomas were histologically in vertical growth phase and thicker than rec-negative tumours (median Breslow 2.1mm versus 1.05mm, p=0.009). Sequencing of expressed env cDNA clones derived from melanoma and control samples (n=8) revealed expression of multiple HERV-K loci. Conclusions: Gene expression can be studied in FFPE tissue. The expression of potentially oncogenic rec in approximately 25% primary melanomas merits further evaluation.
Oral history interview with Paul Raushenbush and Elizabeth Brandeis Raushenbush 1966
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Economists
Unemployment insurance
Social security--Law and legislation
Social security--Wisconsin
Social security--United States

description: Personal backgrounds; teaching at University of Wisconsin from early 1920s; Wisconsin's Unemployment Act and the American Federation of Labor; Louis Brandeis' work in unemployment; Wagner-Lewis bill, 1933-34; administration of Wisconsin's State Unemployment Compensation; development of Social Security and federal unemployment bills; other work in unemployment and social security; recollections of Harold Groves, John R Commons, Frances Perkins, Arthur Altmeyer, and others.
Additional file 1: of Desired improvements of working conditions among medical assistants in Germany: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Scharf, Jessica
name: Vu-Eickmann, Patricia
name: Li, Jian
name: MĂźller, Andreas
name: Wilm, Stefan
name: Angerer, Peter
name: Loerbroks, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Associations of sociodemographic and practice-relevant determinants with working conditions (ordinal logistic regression) (DOC 62 kb)
title: Biological Cardiac Tissue Effects of High-Energy Heavy Ions – Investigation for Myocardial Ablation
Creators: name: Rapp, Felicitas
name: Simoniello, Palma
name: Wiedemann, Julia
name: Bahrami, Karola
name: Grünebaum, Valeria
name: Ktitareva, Svetlana
name: Durante, Marco
name: Lugenbiel, Patrick
name: Thomas, Dierk
name: Lehmann, Helge Immo
name: Packer, Douglas L.
name: Graeff, Christian
name: Fournier, Claudia
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description: Noninvasive X-ray stereotactic treatment is considered a promising alternative to catheter ablation in patients affected by severe heart arrhythmia. High-energy heavy ions can deliver high radiation doses in small targets with reduced damage to the normal tissue compared to conventional X-rays. For this reason, charged particle therapy, widely used in oncology, can be a powerful tool for radiosurgery in cardiac diseases. We have recently performed a feasibility study in a swine model using high doses of high-energy C-ions to target specific cardiac structures. Interruption of cardiac conduction was observed in some animals. Here we report the biological effects measured in the pig heart tissue of the same animals six months after the treatment. Immunohistological analysis of the target tissue showed (1.) long-lasting vascular damage, i.e. persistent hemorrhage, loss of microvessels, and occurrence of siderophages, (2.) fibrosis and (3.) loss of polarity of targeted cardiomyocytes and wavy fibers with vacuolization. We conclude that the observed physiological changes in heart function are produced by radiation-induced fibrosis and cardiomyocyte functional inactivation. No effects were observed in the normal tissue traversed by the particle beam, suggesting that charged particles have the potential to produce ablation of specific heart targets with minimal side effects.
Fractional Supersymmetry through Generalized Anyonic algebra
Creators: name: Douari, J.
name: Hassouni, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of anyonic operators and algebra is generalized by using quons operators. Therefore, the particular versionof fractional supersymmetry is constructed on the two-dimensional lattice by associating two generalized anyons of different kinds. The fractional supersymmetry Hamiltonian operator is obtained on the two-dimensional lattice and the quantum algebra $U_{q}(sl_{2})$ is realized.
description: 8 pages
Heterotic - type I superstring duality and low-energy effective actions
Creators: name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare order $R^4$ terms in the 10-dimensional effective actions of SO(32) heterotic and type I superstrings from the point of view of duality between the two theories. Some of these terms do not receive higher-loop corrections being related by supersymmetry to `anomaly-cancelling' terms which depend on the antisymmetric 2-tensor. At the same time, the consistency of duality relation implies that the `tree-level' $R^4$ super-invariant (the one which has $ζ(3)$-coefficient in the sphere part of the action) should appear also at higher orders of loop expansion, i.e. should be multiplied by a non-trivial function of the dilaton.
description: 16 pages, harvmac
The Spectroscopic Orbit of the Evolved Binary HD 197770
Creators: name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Clayton, G. C.
name: Smith, T. L.
name: Aufdenberg, J. P.
name: Drilling, John S.
name: Hanson, M. M.
name: Anderson, C. M.
name: Mulliss, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used spectra taken between 1992 and 1997 to derive the spectroscopic orbit of the eclipsing double-lined spectroscopic binary HD 197770. This binary has a period of 99.69 +/- 0.02 days and K amplitudes of 31.2 +/- 0.8 and 47.1 +/- 0.4 km s^{-1} for components A & B, respectively. The msin^{3}i values for A & B are 2.9 and 1.9, respectively, and are close to the actual masses due to the eclipsing nature of this binary. Both components of HD 197770 have spectral types near B2 III. This means both components are undermassive by about a factor of five and, thus, evolved stars. Additional evidence of the evolved nature of HD 197770 is found in 25, 60, and 100 micron IRAS images of HD 197770. These images show 2 apparent shells centered on HD 197770; a bright 60 micron shell with a 14' diameter and a larger (1.2 degeree diameter) bubble-like feature. At least one of the components of HD 197770 is likely to be a post-AGB star.
description: will be published in the AJ (1998 June), also availible at http://snake.phys.lsu.edu/~gordon/papers/hd197770.html
Marginal role of von Willebrand factor-binding protein and coagulase in the initiation of endocarditis in rats with catheter-induced aortic vegetations
Creators: name: Mancini, Stefano
name: Oechslin, Frank
name: Menzi, Carmen
name: Yok Ai Que
name: Claes, Jorien
name: Heying, Ruth
name: Veloso, Tiago Rafael
name: Vanassche, Thomas
name: Missiakas, Dominique
name: Schneewind, Olaf
name: Moreillon, Philippe
name: Entenza, José Manuel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of infective endocarditis (IE). While the role of S. aureus cell-wall associated protein clumping factor A (ClfA) in promoting IE has been already demonstrated, that of the secreted plasma-clotting factors staphylocoagulase (Coa) and von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) has not yet been elucidated. We investigated the role of Coa and vWbp in IE initiation in rats with catheter-induced aortic vegetations, using Lactococcus lactis expressing coa, vWbp, clfA or vWbp/clfA, and S. aureus Newman Δcoa, ΔvWbp, ΔclfA or Δcoa/ΔvWbp/ΔclfA mutants. vWbp-expression increased L. lactis valve infection compared to parent and coa-expressing strains (incidence: 62%, versus 0% and 13%, respectively; P clfA increased L. lactis infectivity (incidence: 80%), which was not further affected by co-expression of vWbp. In symmetry, deletion of the coa or vWbp genes in S. aureus did not decrease infectivity (incidence: 68 and 64%, respectively) whereas deletion of clfA did decrease valve infection (incidence: 45%; P = 0.03 versus parent), which was not further affected by the triple deletion Δcoa/ΔvWbp/ΔclfA (incidence: 36%; P > 0.05 versus ΔclfA mutant). Coa does not support the initial colonization of IE (in L. lactis) without other key virulence factors and vWbp contributes to initiation of IE (in L. lactis) but is marginal in the present of ClfA.
Sphex viatica Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Sphex
Sphex viatica

description: Sphex viatica [spec. nov.]
S. nigra, alis fuscis, abdomine antice ferrugineo: cingulis nigris.
Frisch. ins. 2. t. 1. f. 13.
Habitat in Europa; fodit cuniculum, occidit larvam Phalaenae, attrahit, sepelit, imposito ovo, obturat.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 570, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Outstanding: A Multi-Perspective Travel Approach for Virtual Reality Games
Creators: name: Cmentowski, Sebastian
name: Krekhov, Andrey
name: Krüger, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In virtual reality games, players dive into fictional environments and can experience a compelling and immersive world. State-of-the-art VR systems allow for natural and intuitive navigation through physical walking. However, the tracking space is still limited, and viable alternatives are required to reach further virtual destinations. Our work focuses on the exploration of vast open worlds - an area where existing local navigation approaches such as the arc-based teleport are not ideally suited and world-in-miniature techniques potentially reduce presence. We present a novel alternative for open environments: Our idea is to equip players with the ability to switch from first-person to a third-person bird's eye perspective on demand. From above, players can command their avatar and initiate travels over large distance. Our evaluation reveals a significant increase in spatial orientation while avoiding cybersickness and preserving presence, enjoyment, and competence. We summarize our findings in a set of comprehensive design guidelines to help developers integrate our technique.
Understanding and Modelling the Mechanical Response of Woven Composites
Creators: name: Vieira De Carvalho, Nelson
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: The present work focuses on improving the understanding and modelling of the mechanical response of woven composites. It comprises of original experimental observations together with novel numerical and analytical developments. The experimental work focused on the investigation of damage initiation and propagation under compression. Detailed microscopy shows that damage is controlled by the individual failure of the load-aligned tows through kink-band formation. Moreover, both weave architecture/internal geometry and support provided by the adjacent layers are seen to affect damage location and morphology, suggesting that, to capture the failure mechanisms in compression, they should be explicitly modelled. Subsequently a theoretical framework to derive periodic boundary conditions for the mechanical analysis of periodic structures, using domains smaller then the unit cells, is presented. These domains, named reduced Unit Cells, lead to significant gains in efficiency, which enable the use of refined numerical/analytical models. The framework mentioned above was used to develop a detailed nonlinear numerical model of a 2D woven composite. Weave architecture was modelled explicitly and the effect of the support provided by the adjacent layers was taken into account. The constitutive response and ultimate strength values predicted numerically agree well with experimental results for both tension and compression. Additionally, the model was used to investigate the effect of the biaxial loading ratio on the failure strength. Finally, an analytical model to predict the compressive and tensile response of woven composites is presented. The load-aligned tow was modelled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam supported by an elastic foundation. The properties of the latter are fully derived from kinematic models for the deformation of the weave, providing great insight into the deformation mechanisms of woven composites. The analytical predictions agree well with both experimental and numerical results. Overall, its flexibility offers an alternative and valuable addition to detailed numerical models, particularly when performing sensitivities studies.
Additional file 2: of Desired improvements of working conditions among medical assistants in Germany: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Scharf, Jessica
name: Vu-Eickmann, Patricia
name: Li, Jian
name: MĂźller, Andreas
name: Wilm, Stefan
name: Angerer, Peter
name: Loerbroks, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Associations of sociodemographic and practice-relevant determinants with reward from the supervisor (ordinal logistic regression) (DOC 63 kb)
Toward a Taxonomy of Inventory Systems for Virtual Reality Games
Creators: name: Cmentowski, Sebastian
name: Krekhov, Andrey
name: Müller, Ann-Marie
name: Krüger, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtual reality (VR) games are gradually becoming more elaborated and feature-rich, but fail to reach the complexity of traditional digital games. One common feature that is used to extend and organize complex gameplay is the in-game inventory, which allows players to obtain and carry new tools and items throughout their journey. However, VR imposes additional requirements and challenges that impede the implementation of this important feature and hinder games to unleash their full potential. Our current work focuses on the design space of inventories in VR games. We introduce this sparsely researched topic by constructing a first taxonomy of the underlying design considerations and building blocks. Furthermore, we present three different inventories that were designed using our taxonomy and evaluate them in an early qualitative study. The results underline the importance of our research and reveal promising insights that show the huge potential for VR games.
Investigation of the utility of current and novel neuroendocrine tumour markers
Creators: name: Ramachandran, Radha
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) arise from cells within the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Five year survival may be as low as 30%. Chromogranin A (Cg A) is the best available NEN biomarker. Lack of standardisation between Cg A assays, makes direct comparison between them difficult. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy between four commonly used Cg A assays showed there was no significant difference in diagnostic accuracy when investigating NEN patients with/without liver metastases. Concordance between assays was variable and this was further examined to establish whether assays in combination may improve diagnostic accuracy. Cisbio and SAS were the least concordant and this combination was the most useful in predicting a NEN diagnosis. Calcitonin is the most sensitive and specific biomarker for medullary thyroid carcinoma. The study established local reference ranges for the new Diasorin® calcitonin assay and demonstrated that reference ranges quoted by the manufacturers would lead to increase in false positive results in the local population. Further, this study confirmed that the manufacturers’ recommendation to use diagnostic cut-offs established using the old Cisbio assay for this new assay needed revision. Thus, despite standardisation of antisera specificities, diagnostic cut-offs from one assay cannot be automatically extrapolated to another. None of the existing biomarkers fit the paradigm of a definitive NEN marker and hence the need for novel biomarkers. Circulating Cocaine and Amphetamine Regulated Transcript (CART) levels are elevated in NEN patients. This study demonstrated that circulating CART was increased in all types of NEN, particularly pancreatic NENs. While CART was expressed in all phaeochromocytoma tissues, expression in other NENs was variable. In addition to being a diagnostic marker, CART may also be a prognostic indicator as levels are higher in patients with progressive disease. Further long-term longitudinal studies are needed to fully assess the role of CART as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for NEN.
A Study of the Growth and Hydrogen Production of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Creators: name: Tamburic, Bojan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has the ability to produce molecular hydrogen (H2) through the biophotolysis of water under anaerobic conditions. The aim of this thesis was to improve our understanding of the growth and H2 production of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in order to develop a continuous and practical biophotolytic H2 production process. A novel flat-plate photobioreactor was designed to facilitate green algal growth and H2 production at the laboratory scale and to measure key process parameters under controlled conditions. Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry was developed to measure H2 production rates in situ. In order to achieve effective H2 production, it was necessary to grow dense and healthy Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures. Favourable algal growth conditions included a temperature of 25°C, continuous illumination at 5-100 W·m-2 and photomixotrophic growth conditions. Optimum photoautotrophic growth was measured at a carbon dioxide concentration of 11%. Photosaturation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii occurred at 273 W·m-2 and photoinhibition at 600 W·m-2. A reactor-independent nutrient control technique was developed by optimising the sulphate and acetate concentrations in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth medium. It enabled a fully grown algal culture to spontaneously achieve anaerobic H2 production. A maximum H2 production rate of 1.52 mlH2·l-1·h-1 and a H2 yield of 119.8 mlH2·l-1 were measured. The sulphur dilution technique proved effective at encouraging cyclic H2 production, resulting in alternating Chlamydomonas reinhardtii recovery and H2 production stages. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures produced H2 at an average rate as high as 0.4 mlH2·l-1·h-1 under a series of consecutive 95% dilutions. These complementary approaches have demonstrated that engineering advances can lead to improvements in the scalability and affordability of biophotolytic H2 production, giving increased confidence that H2 can fulfil its potential as a sustainable fuel of the future.
Metal microstructures for shock protection of MEMS
Creators: name: Delahunty, Aifric Kyne
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: With MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical systems) becoming increasingly commonplace in many different industries, the need for more robust microstructures that can withstand high-shock environments is growing in importance. Literature currently available is yet to reveal a MEMS shock-absorber which meets our set of requirements, namely that it is suitable for both space and terrestrial applications, is easily incorporated into current MEMS fabrication methods and can absorb significant amounts of energy without needing a power source or without adversely affecting the performance of the device. This thesis presents a novel solution for the shock protection of MEMS which successfully satisfies the requirements stated above. Metal microstructures, created through the reflow of solder, are successfully used to armour and protect delicate silicon MEMS suspensions. A brittle silicon-silicon impact is replaced with a ductile metal-metal impact. The metal protects the silicon from fracturing at the point of impact during a high-shock event and absorbs a significant proportion of the collision energy through plastic deformation. A model suspension system is used to assess the performance of metalarmouring as a MEMS shock-absorber. Two metal-bumper designs, surface-mounted solder bumpers and solder bumpers integrated into the sidewalls of the suspension system are fabricated and tested in a drop-test rig at acceleration levels of up to 6000g. The surface-mounted bumpers, formed by reflowing solder on metallised pads (plated on the suspension surface), were found to fail on impact at the pad-wafer interface. The integrated bumpers are designed to combat the short-comings of the surface-mounted bumpers. Two solder balls are reflowed in through-wafer conduits within the suspension sidewalls, creating substantial solder bumpers which are mechanically keyed in place. The integrated bumpers proved to be shear resistant and to double overall the shock resistance of the MEMS suspension.
M(atrix)-Theory Scattering in the Noncommutative (2,0) theory
Creators: name: Ganor, Ori J.
name: Karczmarek, Joanna L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Quantum-Mechanics on the hyper-Kahler manifold that is the blow-up of an $A_1$-singularity. This system is relevant for M(atrix)-theory as it was conjectured to describe scattering in the "noncommutative" deformation of a free 5+1D tensor multiplet in the sector with two units of longitudinal light-like momentum.
description: 21pp LaTeX, refs added and format changed to JHEP
The Tambara Structure of the Trace Ideal for Cyclic Extensions
Creators: name: Calle, Maxine
name: Ginnett, Sam
name: Chen, Harry
name: Chen, Xinling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19G12, 19A22, 18A99, 20J05

description: This paper explores the Tambara functor structure of the trace ideal of a Galois extension. In the case of a (pro-)cyclic extension, we are able to explicitly determine the generators of the ideal. Furthermore, we show that the absolute trace ideal of a cyclic group is strongly principal when viewed as an ideal of the Burnside Tambara Functor. Applying our results, we calculate the trace ideal for extensions of finite fields. The appendix determines a formula for the norm of a quadratic form over an arbitrary finite extension of a finite field.
description: 25 pages, comments welcome. This version is the pre-proof of the article published in the Journal of Algebra
Dynamics of shift operators on non-metrizable sequence spaces
Creators: name: Bonet, José
name: Kalmes, Thomas
name: Peris, Alfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A16, 47B37

description: We investigate dynamical properties such as topological transitivity, (sequential) hypercyclicity, and chaos for backward shift operators associated to a Schauder basis on LF-spaces. As an application, we characterize these dynamical properties for weighted generalized backward shifts on Köthe coechelon sequence spaces $k_p((v^{(m)})_{m\in\mathbb{N}})$ in terms of the defining sequence of weights $(v^{(m)})_{m\in\mathbb{N}}$. We further discuss several examples and show that the annihilation operator from quantum mechanics is mixing, sequentially hypercyclic, chaotic, and topologically ergodic on $\mathscr{S}'(\mathbb{R})$.
description: 21 pages; accepted version; accepted for publication in Revista Matem\'atica Iberoamericana
ROSAT observations of V471 Tauri, showing that stellar activity is determined by rotation, not age
Creators: name: Wheatley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present pointed ROSAT PSPC observations of the pre-cataclysmic binary V471 Tauri. The hard X-ray emission (>0.4keV) is not eclipsed by the K star, demonstrating conclusively that this component cannot be emitted by the white dwarf. Instead I show that its spectrum and luminosity are consistent with coronal emission from the tidally spun-up K star. The star is more active than other K stars in the Hyades, but equally active as K stars in the Pleiades with the same rotation periods, demonstrating that rotation--and not age--is the key parameter in determining the level of stellar activity. The soft X-ray emission (<0.4keV) is emitted predominately by the white dwarf and is modulated on its spin period. I find that the pulse-profile is stable on timescales of hours and years, supporting the idea that it is caused by opacity of accreted material. The profile itself shows that the magnetic field configuration of the white dwarf is dipolar and that the magnetic axis passes through the centre of the star. There is an absorption feature in the lightcurve of the white dwarf, which occurs at a time when our line-of-sight passes within a stellar radius of the K star. The column density and duration of this feature imply a volume and mass for the absorber which are similiar to those of coronal mass ejections of the Sun.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Also available at http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~pjw/
Sphex pectinipes Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Sphex
Sphex pectinipes

description: Sphex pectinipes [spec. nov.]
S. nigra glabra, abdomine anteriore ferrugineo, pedibus primariis ciliatis.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 570, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Marginal Role of von Willebrand Factor-Binding Protein and Coagulase in the Initiation of Endocarditis in Rats with Catheter-Induced Aortic Vegetations
Creators: name: Mancini, Stefano
name: Oechslin, Frank
name: Menzi, Carmen
name: Yok Ai Que
name: Claes, Jorien
name: Heying, Ruth
name: Veloso, Tiago Rafael
name: Vanassche, Thomas
name: Missiakas, Dominique
name: Schneewind, Olaf
name: Moreillon, Philippe
name: Entenza, José Manuel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of infective endocarditis (IE). While the role of S. aureus cell-wall associated protein clumping factor A (ClfA) in promoting IE has been already demonstrated, that of the secreted plasma-clotting factors staphylocoagulase (Coa) and von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) has not yet been elucidated. We investigated the role of Coa and vWbp in IE initiation in rats with catheter-induced aortic vegetations, using Lactococcus lactis expressing coa, vWbp, clfA or vWbp/clfA, and S. aureus Newman Δcoa, ΔvWbp, ΔclfA or Δcoa/ΔvWbp/ΔclfA mutants. vWbp-expression increased L. lactis valve infection compared to parent and coa-expressing strains (incidence: 62%, versus 0% and 13%, respectively; P< 0.01). Likewise, expression of clfA increased L. lactis infectivity (incidence: 80%), which was not further affected by co-expression of vWbp. In symmetry, deletion of the coa or vWbp genes in S. aureus did not decrease infectivity (incidence: 68 and 64%, respectively) whereas deletion of clfA did decrease valve infection (incidence: 45%; P= 0.03 versus parent), which was not further affected by the triple deletion Δcoa/ΔvWbp/ΔclfA (incidence: 36%; P> 0.05 versus ΔclfA mutant). Coa does not support the initial colonization of IE (in L. lactis) without other key virulence factors and vWbp contributes to initiation of IE (in L. lactis) but is marginal in the present of ClfA.
On the hardness of finding normal surfaces
Creators: name: Burton, Benjamin A.
name: He, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For many fundamental problems in computational topology, such as unknot recognition and $3$-sphere recognition, the existence of a polynomial-time solution remains unknown. A major algorithmic tool behind some of the best known algorithms for these problems is normal surface theory. However, we currently have a poor understanding of the computational complexity of problems in normal surface theory: many such problems are still not known to have polynomial-time algorithms, yet proofs of $\mathrm{NP}$-hardness also remain scarce. We give three results that provide some insight on this front.
 A number of modern normal surface theoretic algorithms depend critically on the operation of finding a non-trivial normal sphere or disc in a $3$-dimensional triangulation. We formulate an abstract problem that captures the algebraic and combinatorial aspects of this operation, and show that this abstract problem is $\mathrm{NP}$-complete. Assuming $\mathrm{P}\neq\mathrm{NP}$, this result suggests that any polynomial-time procedure for finding a non-trivial normal sphere or disc will need to exploit some geometric or topological intuition.
 Another key operation, which applies to a much wider range of topological problems, involves finding a vertex normal surface of a certain type. We study two closely-related problems that can be solved using this operation. For one of these problems, we give a simple alternative solution that runs in polynomial time; for the other, we prove $\mathrm{NP}$-completeness.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures; v2: the results are the same except for a slight strengthening of Theorem 18, the exposition has changed significantly; v3: strengthened Theorem 8, improved exposition
Oral history interview with Paul Shahinian 1969
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Armenian massacres, 1915-1923
Armenians--History--20th century.--Turkey
Armenian Americans

description: Born in Sepastia, Turkey, 1905; religious and God-fearing family; traditions: Easter celebrations; town-criers announcement; deportations; death of sister; killing Armenians with axes to save bullets; dead people; lack of water; arrival to Aleppo; life in orphanage; life in Hama, Syria; cholera; conversion to Islam;Marash massacres; emigration to Beirut; encounter with Armenian volunteers fighting Turks; business practice; belief in the collaboration between Armenian Diaspora and Armenia proper.
Coronary Segmentation in Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography
Creators: name: Tung, Kai-Pin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a fatal disease of the heart or blood vessels. The greatest number of deaths from CVD is coronary heart disease (CHD). It is characterised by thickening of the arterial vessel wall due to atheromatous plaque which may result in narrowing or even occlusion of arterial lumen. Currently, intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) has been increasingly used in the clinic for the diagnosis of CHD because it permits high-resolution direct tomographic visualisation of cross-sectional images. With IVOCT techniques, stenosis and restenosis caused by plaques and neointima can be detected and analysed. The first main contribution of the thesis is a technique for the automatic segmentation of the lumen border when the guide-wire artifacts are noticeable. The proposed segmentation technique is capable of eliminating guide-wire artifacts and generating accurate lumen borders from IVOCT sequences. Compared to commercially available systems, the proposed method is robust and accurate. The second main contribution of this thesis is an approach for the stent strut detection that can detect stent struts when their intensity responses are weak. This technique is based on stent strut shadow detection. The innovative aspect of our technique is that, for every detected strut shadow, a-priori probability map is applied to estimate the stent strut position. With the detected stent struts, a stent area can be estimated to analyse the neointima hyperplasia (NIH) thickness in IVOCT sequences. The thesis also proposes an approach for the neointima segmentation without any information of the stent but instead with the lumen border. The approach is a combination of a multi-atlas based segmentation approach and a patch-based segmentation approach. With the approach, the neointima label can be obtained by fusing labels from atlases. Compared to other label fusion approaches, a significant increase in segmentation accuracy can be observed.
Covariance of CMB anomalies
Creators: name: Muir, Jessica
name: Adhikari, Saroj
name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several unexpected features are observed at large angular scales in the CMB temperature anisotropy measurements by both WMAP and Planck. These include the lack of both variance and correlation, alignment of the lowest multipole moments with one another, hemispherical power asymmetry, and an odd-to-even parity excess. In this work, we study the statistics of eight representative large-angle CMB features in order to evaluate their covariance in LCDM. We do so using two sets of simulated CMB temperature maps; an ensemble of 100,000 simple Gaussian simulations, and 1000 Full Focal Plane (FFP) simulations provided by the Planck collaboration. In measuring feature probabilities, we pay particular attention to analysis choices, making sure that we can reproduce previous results in the literature, and explain differences where appropriate. The covariance structure we find is consistent with expectations given that many of the features studied are functions of the angular power spectrum. Notably, we find significant differences in the covariance entries associated with the quadrupole-octopole alignments derived from the Gaussian and FFP simulations. We additionally perform a principal component analysis to quantitatively gauge what combinations of features capture the most information about how simulation measurements vary, and to provide an alternative assessment of the ways in which the real sky is anomalous. The first four principal components explain about 90\% of the simulations' variance, with the first two roughly quantifying the lack of large-angle correlations, and the next two quantifying the phase-dependent anomalies (multipole alignments and power asymmetry). Though the results of this analysis are fairly unsurprising, its comprehensive approach serves to tie together a number of previous results, and will therefore provide context for future studies of large-angle anomalies.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, comments welcome. Code and data available at https://github.com/jessmuir/cmbanomcov_muir-adhikari-huterer . Minor edits to reflect published version, added Gruppuso 2017 citation
title: Электроника. Полупроводниковые приборы
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Шошин Е.Л.
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2020

description: Учебное пособие содержит изложение теоретических основ работы полупроводниковых приборов. Рассмотрены физические явления, протекающие в диодах, транзисторах, силовых и оптоэлектронных приборах, операционных усилителях. Приведены эквивалентные схемы и описание P-Spice моделей полупроводниковых приборов. Издание включает также описание цикла лабораторных работ по исследованию параметров и характеристик полупроводниковых приборов в системе схемотехнического моделирования Micro-Cap. Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Предназначено для студентов технических направлений подготовки всех форм обучения, изучающих дисциплины «Электроника», «Электротехника и электроника», «Электротехника, электроника и схемотехника».
Self-consistent feedback mechanism for the sudden viscous dissipation of finite-Mach-number compressing turbulence
Creators: name: Campos, A.
name: Morgan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous work (S. Davidovits and N. J. Fisch, "Sudden viscous dissipation of compressing turbulence," Phys. Rev. Lett., 116(105004), 2016) demonstrated that the compression of a turbulent field can lead to a sudden viscous dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and suggested this mechanism could potentially be used to design new fast-ignition schemes for inertial confinement fusion. We expand on previous work by accounting for finite Mach numbers, rather than relying on a zero-Mach-limit assumption as previously done. The finite-Mach-number formulation is necessary to capture a self-consistent feedback mechanism in which dissipated TKE increases the temperature of the system, which in turn modifies the viscosity and thus the TKE dissipation itself. Direct numerical simulations with a tenth-order accurate Padé scheme were carried out to analyze this self-consistent feedback loop for compressing turbulence. Results show that, for finite Mach numbers, the sudden viscous dissipation of TKE still occurs, both for the solenoidal and dilatational turbulent fields. As the domain is compressed, oscillations in dilatational TKE are encountered due to the highly-oscillatory nature of the pressure dilatation. An analysis of the source terms for the internal energy shows that the mechanical work term dominates the viscous turbulent dissipation. As a result, the effect of the suddenly dissipated TKE on temperature is minimal for the Mach numbers tested. Moreover, an analytical expression is derived that confirms the dissipated TKE does not significantly alter the temperature evolution for low Mach numbers, regardless of compression speed. The self-consistent feedback mechanism is thus quite weak for subsonic turbulence, which could limit its applicability for inertial confinement fusion.
A Generalized Jaynes-Cummings Model: Nonlinear dynamical superalgebra $u(1/1)$ and Supercoherent states
Creators: name: Daoud, M.
name: Douari, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalization of the Jaynes-Cummings (GJC) Model is proposed. In this model, the electromagnetic radiation is described by a Hamiltonian generalizing the harmonic oscillator to take into account some nonlinear effects which can occurs in the experimental situations. The dynamical superalgebra and supercoherent states of the related model are explicitly constructed. A relevant quantities (total number of particles, energy and atomic inversion) are computed.
description: 12 pages
Two enriched poset polytopes
Creators: name: Okada, Soichi
name: Tsuchiya, Akiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B12 (primary), 05E45, 06A07, 52B20 (secondary)

description: Stanley introduced and studied two lattice polytopes, the order polytope and chain polytope, associated to a finite poset. Recently Ohsugi and Tsuchiya introduce an enriched version of them, called the enriched order polytope and enriched chain polytope. In this paper, we give a piecewise-linear bijection between these enriched poset polytopes, which is an enriched analogue of Stanley's transfer map and bijectively proves that they have the same Ehrhart polynomials. Also we construct explicitly unimodular triangulations of two enriched poset polytopes.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures