cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of caveolin-1 phosphorylation in AQP4 membrane expression in a model of oxidative stress in primary astrocyte cultures
Creators: name: Bi, Chongshan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Astrocytes play an important role in a wide variety of physiological processes and in disease states such as ischemia. Ischemic damage in the brain involves apoptotic cell death of neurons as well as astrocytes and it has been suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated as a consequence of ischemia are a major factor in triggering cell death. The waterpermeable channel, aquaporin 4 (AQP4), which is expressed at high concentrations in astrocytes, is an important determinant of mortality and morbidity in mice subjected to ischemia, however the effects of ROS on AQP4 expression and the underlying mechanisms are still obscure. In the present study, we used primary astrocyte cultures to examine the expression of AQP4 under oxidative stress using hydrogen peroxide. First, we showed that H₂O₂ induces a significant increase of both AQP4 mRNA and protein levels and that this effect is inhibited by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Second, we demonstrated using cell surface biotinylation that H₂O₂ increases AQP4 plasma membrane expression independently of the newly synthesized pool of AQP4. In parallel, we found that caveolin-1 undergoes a dose- and time-dependent phosphorylation in astrocytes treated with H₂O₂ and that this effect is inhibited by the src kinase inhibitor PP2. More importantly, PP2 inhibits the H₂O₂-induced increase in AQP4 cell surface expression, suggesting that the phosphorylation of caveolin-1 and possibly other proteins may play a role in this process. To investigate this further, we used MDA-435 cells expressing Y14F and Y14D caveolin-1 mutants transfected with AQP4 and found that these cells exhibit a decrease and an increase in AQP4 membrane expression, respectively. Furthermore, caveolin-1 knock down in astrocytes inhibits H₂O₂-induced increase in AQP4 cell surface expression. Together these findings show that the phosphorylation of caveolin-1 Y14 is a key regulator of AQP4 cell surface expression in oxidative stress possibly by altering AQP4 internalization and trafficking resulting in its redistribution within different compartments of the cell.
title: Correlation of MRI quantitative evaluation of diaphragm motion with emphysema on CT in COPD
Creators: name: Wang, Yifan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Prospective
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Technology assessment
subject: MR
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Chest

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: It is believed that abnormal diaphragm movement is related to the airflow limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)[1-6]. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of MRI quantitative evaluation of...
Gallery-Supported Art Exhibitions: Critiquing “Crayola”
Creators: name: Choike, Anne M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Nonprofit organizations--Finance
Art museums
Art--Exhibitions
Art--Finance

description: For-profit art galleries are making news for the donations they are providing to nonprofit art organizations to support exhibitions by artists these galleries represent (part of a broader practice I term “crayola,” in reference to payola, the word invented to describe a similar practice of paying for airtime on radio and television). Yet nonprofit art organizations are committed to advancing art for the public interest, not for private profit. This Article examines whether there are any meaningful limits on crayola gallery donations that support art exhibitions at nonprofit arts organizations, focusing on the legal framework governing federal tax-exempt status, as well as the self-regulatory rules and informal norms of the art industry. Does the existing regime allow gallery-supported art exhibitions or do these activities contravene nonprofit art organizations’ missions? What short-term and long-term solutions are available and appropriate in light of the causes and context of gallery-supported art exhibitions? These questions are animated by the broader dialogue about equitable access to publicly funded resources, with the answers having important implications for what it means to promote art that is representative of American society.
title: Development of a bespoke digital platform for clinical incident management across 16 countries
Creators: name: Katsari, Katia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Prospective
subject: Workforce
subject: Safety
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Management
subject: Computer applications
subject: Professional Issues

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Working in a dynamic, complex and high workload healthcare environment can lead to clinical incidents or near misses;unintended eventsthat resulted or may result in any physical harm to patients, personnel or third-parties. To facilitate...
Search for violation of Lorentz invariance in top quark pair production and decay
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, corresponding to 5.3 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, we search for violation of Lorentz invariance by examining the \ttbar production cross section in lepton+jets final states. We quantify this violation using the standard-model extension framework, which predicts a dependence of the \ttbar production cross section on sidereal time as the orientation of the detector changes with the rotation of the Earth. Within this framework, we measure components of the matrices $(c_Q)_{μν33}$ and $(c_U)_{μν33}$ containing coefficients used to parametrize violation of Lorentz invariance in the top quark sector. Within uncertainties, these coefficients are found to be consistent with zero.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Malaria is a cause of iron deficiency in African children
Creators: name: Tiono, Alfred B.
name: Wirth, James P.
name: Rockett, Kirk A.
name: Engle-Stone, Reina
name: Kimita, Wandia
name: Fried, Michal
name: Green, Tim J.
name: Gwamaka, Moses
name: Davey Smith, George
name: Elliott, Alison M.
name: Macharia, Alex W.
name: Makale, Johnstone
name: Adu-Afarwuah, Seth
name: Lule, Swaib A.
name: Karakochuk, Crystal D.
name: Ndungu, Francis M.
name: Muriuki, John Muthii
name: Ngetsa, Caroline J.
name: Williams, Thomas N.
name: Prentice, Andrew M.
name: Stewart, Christine P.
name: Musani, Solomon K.
name: Wegmüller, Rita
name: Sandhu, Manjinder S.
name: Mentzer, Alexander J.
name: Sirima, Sodiomon B.
name: Mitchell, Ruth
name: Raffield, Laura M.
name: Madhi, Shabir A.
name: Atkinson, Sarah H.
name: Kwiatkowski, Dominic P.
name: Webb, Emily L.
name: Kyobutungi, Catherine
name: Suchdev, Parminder S.
name: Cutland, Clare L.
name: Bejon, Philip
name: Diarra, Amidou
name: Etyang, Anthony O.
name: Morovat, Alireza
name: Duffy, Patrick E.
name: Snow, Robert W.
name: Hill, Adrian V. S.
name: Ndjebayi, Alex
name: Byrd, Kendra A.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description:
Malaria and iron deficiency (ID) are common and interrelated public health problems in African children. Observational data suggest that interrupting malaria transmission reduces the prevalence of ID1. To test the hypothesis that malaria might cause ID, we used sickle cell trait (HbAS, rs334), a genetic variant that confers specific protection against malaria2, as an instrumental variable in Mendelian randomization analyses. HbAS was associated with a 30% reduction in ID among children living in malaria-endemic countries in Africa (n = 7,453), but not among individuals living in malaria-free areas (n = 3,818). Genetically predicted malaria risk was associated with an odds ratio of 2.65 for ID per unit increase in the log incidence rate of malaria. This suggests that an intervention that halves the risk of malaria episodes would reduce the prevalence of ID in African children by 49%.
title: Correlation of cochlear nerve diameter with Auditory outcome of cochlear implant surgery.
Creators: name: GHATE, MADHURI
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Head and Neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Surgery
subject: Education and training
subject: Prospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Multicentre study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To study the anatomy of Internal auditory canal (IAC) To assess diameter of cochlear nerve(CN) in IAC using heavily weighted T2 sequence in Oblique parasagittal plane and bony CN canal(BCNC) diameter using HRCT temporal bone in patients undergoing...
title: Effective Dose to Gonad, Breast and Eye-lens from Scatter Radiation During AP Cervical Spine Radiography
Creators: name: Elshami, Wiam
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Experimental
subject: Not applicable
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Eyes
subject: Breast
subject: Radiation Protection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: This study aimed to measure the effective dose in the gonads, breast, and eye-lens due to scatter radiation during the AP Cervical Spine radiography...
Uncovering the formation of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies by multivariate statistical analysis
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Tanuka
name: Sharina, Margarita
name: Davoust, Emmanuel
name: De, Tuli
name: Chattopadhyay, Asis Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a statistical analysis of the properties of a large sample of dynamically hot old stellar systems, from globular clusters to giant ellipticals, which was performed in order to investigate the origin of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies. The data were mostly drawn from Forbes et al. (2008). We recalculated some of the effective radii, computed mean surface brightnesses and mass-to-light-ratios, estimated ages and metallicities. We completed the sample with globular clusters of M31. We used a multivariate statistical technique (K-Means clustering), together with a new algorithm (Gap Statistics) for finding the optimum number of homogeneous sub-groups in the sample, using a total of six parameters (absolute magnitude, effective radius, virial mass-to-light ratio, stellar mass-to-light ratio and metallicity). We found six groups. FK1 and FK5 are composed of high- and low-mass elliptical galaxies respectively. FK3 and FK6 are composed of high-metallicity and low-metallicity objects, respectively, and both include globular clusters and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies. Two very small groups, FK2 and FK4, are composed of Local Group dwarf spheroidals. Our groups differ in their mean masses and virial mass-to-light ratios. The relations between these two parameters are also different for the various groups. The probability density distributions of metallicity for the four groups of galaxies is similar to that of the globular clusters and UCDs. The brightest low-metallicity globular clusters and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies tend to follow the mass-metallicity relation like elliptical galaxies. The objects of FK3 are more metal-rich per unit effective luminosity density than high-mass ellipticals.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Holopyga viridis Guerin-Meneville 1842
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Holopyga
Holopyga viridis

description: Holopyga viridis (GUÉRIN- MÉNEVILLE, 1842)
Holopyga viridis var. viridis (GUÉRIN- MÉNEVILLE, 1842): DU BUYSSON 1898b: 520 (tax., Djibouti).
Holopyga gloriosa var. riridis (!) (GUÉRIN- MÉNEVILLE, 1842): DU BUYSSON 1899: 161 (Djibouti, cat. MNHN).
Holopyga viridis var. viridis (GUÉRIN- MÉNEVILLE, 1842): MADL & ROSA 2012: 106 (cat. Afr. reg.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Djibouti.
Holopyga viridis is known from the Afrotropical (Djibouti, Eritrea, Uganda) and Palaearctic region. The records from the Afrotropical region are not mentioned in BISCHOFF (1913: 13), KIMSEY & BOHART (1990: 236) and LINSENMAIER (1999: 38).
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 916, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Who Pays the Price of Civilization?
Creators: name: San Juan, Eric A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Taxpayer compliance
subject: Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Rule of law

description: At the current juncture of fiscal uncertainty and pending tax reform, this Article addresses tax compliance, combining principles of tax law with methodologies of social science. A narrative on the evolution of the rule of law introduces social science methodologies for studying the operation of law in historical and cultural context. Then the Article sets forth an overview of Federal individual income taxation. As the core data, the Article presents a survey on U.S. taxpayer compliance attitudes gathered by a research team of which the author was a member. To complement the U.S. data, the Article discusses field studies from other countries reported in the social science literature. In turn, the Article discusses the implications of the social science research to the effect that compliance with the rule of law, represented here by a modern fiscal apparatus, may wax and wane through history as national bureaucracy siphons resources off their local origins. Contrary to the theoretical story of legal evolution, actual cases haven’t culminated in an ideal civilized state. Finally, the Article makes suggestions for future research on tax law compliance. The Article concludes that rational-legal authority may have less effect on taxpayer compliance than primordial personal motivations.
title: Collaborative conservation: the Washington County Growth and Conservation Act 2009
title: Utah's model for future wilderness conservation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hoza, David M.
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009
Subjects: Washington County
Utah
Vision Dixie
land use
Washington County Growth and Conservation Act 2009
wilderness protection
St. George

description: Presented at the Bridging the gap: collaborative conservation from the ground up conference, September 8-11, 2009, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, sponsored by the Center for Collaborative Conservation, https://collaborativeconservation.org/. This conference brought together people with experience working collaboratively to achieve both conservation and livelihood goals in tribal nations, rangelands, forests, watersheds, agricultural lands, and urban areas. The presenter is affiliated with Dept. of Environmental Humanities, University of Utah.
On Shape Dependence and RG Flow of Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Klebanov, Igor R.
name: Nishioka, Tatsuma
name: Pufu, Silviu S.
name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a mix of field theoretic and holographic techniques to elucidate various properties of quantum entanglement entropy. In (3+1)-dimensional conformal field theory we study the divergent terms in the entropy when the entangling surface has a conical or a wedge singularity. In (2+1)-dimensional field theory with a mass gap we calculate, for an arbitrary smooth entanglement contour, the expansion of the entropy in inverse odd powers of the mass. We show that the shape-dependent coefficients that arise are even powers of the extrinsic curvature and its derivatives. A useful dual construction of a (2+1)-dimensional theory, which allows us to exhibit these properties, is provided by the CGLP background. This smooth warped throat solution of 11-dimensional supergravity describes renormalization group flow from a conformal field theory in the UV to a gapped one in the IR. For this flow we calculate the recently introduced renormalized entanglement entropy and confirm that it is a monotonic function.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures; v2 refs added, minor improvements; v3 minor improvements, JHEP version
title: Comparison Between Targeted Biopsy Using Multiparametric-MRI and TRUS-Guided Systematic Biopsy in Patients Suspicious for Prostate Cancer with Negative Previous TRUS-Guided Systematic Biopsy
Creators: name: Khaleghi, Mohammadreza
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Prospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Prostate cancer is known as second most frequent malignancy in men worldwide, causing 358,989 deathsin 2018 [1, 2] Although transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) systematic biopsy of prostate issued for detecting prostate cancer in the suspected...
Lessons from Oz to the Okanagan : water policy and structural reform in a changing climate
Creators: name: Belzile, Jacqueline Adrienne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Motivated by a decade-long drought and a strategic shift towards Ecologically Sustainable Development to ensure global competitiveness, Australia’s federal government has invested billions of dollars in the water sector, spurring innovation in data gathering, modeling, water management practice and policy reform. The aim of this exploratory research project was to illuminate the context in which Australian water reforms and innovations have taken place, and to compare that to the Canadian water context through the eyes of participating Canadian water experts to identify insights, opportunities and barriers to the transfer of lessons on sustainable water management from Australia to Canada, particularly to the Okanagan region of British Columbia. I organized a two week water management tour in May 2010 and took two water experts from British Columbia to Australia to meet with water policymakers, water managers, stakeholder organization representatives, water service providers and users to discuss their drought adaptation and water reform experiences. Data was collected via participant observation during the tour and semi-structured interviews with the Canadian water experts prior to and following the tour. Field data was complemented by a comparative review of Australian and Canadian water policy literature, key water legislation and policies, and technical reports. The resulting comparative policy analysis highlights socio-cultural dimensions of the lessons transfer process and the importance of considering cultural lenses, as I argue that approaches to water management are value-laden and specific because they work in socially dynamic systems in particular environments. First, I provide a comparison of the Canadian and Australian water contexts, exploring similarities and differences in geography, water infrastructure, water resources, water uses, federalism and water policy. Second, I analyze the recent phase of structural reforms surrounding the Australian Water Act of 2007 and the proposed Murray-Darling Basin Plan, and suggest that this constitutes one of the first large-scale attempts at water reform in line with principles of ecological governance. Third, I describe lessons learned by the Canadian water experts on social change, water governance, water reforms and the research process – including discussions of the social value of water, economic approaches to water reform, water markets and stakeholder engagement.
The Myth of Corporate Tax Residence
Creators: name: Elkins, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Corporations--Taxation--Law and legislation
International business enterprises--Taxation--Law and legislation
Liability (Law)
Housing

description: The thesis of this article is that such an assumption is unwarranted and that tax residence is an attribute of individuals only, inapplicable to the corporate entity. Already at the outset, it is important to stress that the argument is not semantic. I will not rest my claim on the fact that, as nonphysical entities, corporations cannot “reside” in a place in the same sense that natural persons can. Rather, I will argue that the distinction between residents and nonresidents derives from the need to delineate the universe within which certain norms of distributive justice operate and that, as the nature of the corporate entity precludes its membership in any scheme of distributive justice, the categories of “resident” and “nonresident” are inapplicable to it.

Part II will explore why residence is a relevant attribute when determining the tax liability of individuals. It will explain that income tax is an application of the principle that tax liability should accord with ability-to-pay and that, in turn, ability-to-pay derives from a certain set of conceptions regarding distributive justice. Under these conceptions, distributive justice is not universal in scope, but applies only to those with a significant personal connection to a given society. Residents are those who are subject to taxation in accordance with their ability to pay. For nonresidents, the guiding principle in determining tax liability is not distributive justice but rather commutative justice.

Part III will examine whether the concept of residence is applicable to corporations. It will argue that as corporations have no personal identity, experience neither pleasure nor pain, have no personal attachments, and are not Kantian rational beings, they cannot be members of a collective to which the terms of distributive justice apply.

Part IV distinguishes between corporations and their shareholders. Although corporations cannot be residents of a country, individual shareholders can, and as computing their ability-to-pay requires taking into account their accession to wealth derived from shareholding, a means must be found whereby to tax them on that income. In the domestic arena, the corporate income tax serves this function. However, with regard to any corporation with both U.S. and foreign shareholders, the imposition of tax on the corporate entity as a proxy for taxing individual shareholders is not feasible. Consequently, the current corporate tax regime is unviable in the international arena.

Part V describes in broad outline an alternative international corporate tax regime that would attempt to reach the worldwide income of resident shareholders and the U.S.-source income of nonresident shareholders.

Part VI summarizes the findings and offers some concluding thoughts.
Hybrid paramagnon phonon modes at elevated temperatures in EuTiO3
Creators: name: Bussmann-Holder, A.
name: Guguchia, Z.
name: Köhler, J.
name: Keller, H.
name: Shengelaya, A.
name: Bishop, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EuTiO3 (ETO) has recently experienced an enormous revival of interest because of its possible multiferroic properties which are currently in the focus of research. Unfortunately ETO is an unlikely candidate for enlarged multifunctionality since the mode softening - typical for ferroelectrics - remains incomplete, and the antiferromagnetic properties appear at 5.5K only. However, a strong coupling between lattice and Eu spins exists and leads to the appearance of a magnon-phonon-hybrid mode at elevated temperatures as evidenced by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), muon spin rotation (μSR) experiments and model predictions based on a coupled spin-polarizability Hamiltonian. This novel finding supports the notion of strong magneto-dielectric (MD) effects being realized in ETO and opens new strategies in material design and technological applications.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
On the numerical evaluation of algebro-geometric solutions to integrable equations
Creators: name: Kalla, C.
name: Klein, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K10, 14Q05, 35Q55

description: Physically meaningful periodic solutions to certain integrable partial differential equations are given in terms of multi-dimensional theta functions associated to real Riemann surfaces. Typical analytical problems in the numerical evaluation of these solutions are studied. In the case of hyperelliptic surfaces efficient algorithms exist even for almost degenerate surfaces. This allows the numerical study of solitonic limits. For general real Riemann surfaces, the choice of a homology basis adapted to the anti-holomorphic involution is important for a convenient formulation of the solutions and smoothness conditions. Since existing algorithms for algebraic curves produce a homology basis not related to automorphisms of the curve, we study symplectic transformations to an adapted basis and give explicit formulae for M-curves. As examples we discuss solutions of the Davey-Stewartson and the multi-component nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
description: 29 pages, 20 figures
Building Blocks: Laying the Groundwork for Guided Pathways Reform in Ohio
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Lahr, Hana Elizabeth
name: Fink, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Community colleges
Community college students--Services for
Counseling in higher education

description: This report describes how Ohio’s two-year colleges are approaching guided pathways reforms, based on on-site interviews with faculty, administrators, staff, and students at six selected community colleges and telephone interviews with representatives from all 23 Ohio community colleges. In these interviews participants were asked to describe their college’s progress in the four main areas of practice in the guided pathways model: mapping pathways to student end goals, helping students choose and enter a program pathway, keeping students on path, and ensuring that students are learning.

For each area of practice, the authors highlight innovations the colleges have implemented that can serve as building blocks as they continue to implement guided pathways reforms more broadly. The report includes recommendations for the Ohio colleges as they build on and better align these innovations in ways that help students choose, enter, and complete programs of study that are designed to prepare them to succeed in employment and further education. The report concludes with a brief description of the next phase of research with Ohio partners.
IVOA Recommendation: IVOA Support Interfaces
Creators: name: Graham, Matthew
name: Rixon, Guy
name: Grid
name: Group, Web Services Working
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This document describes the minimum interface that a (SOAP- or REST-based) web service requires to participate in the IVOA. Note that this is not required of standard VO services developed prior to this specification, although uptake is strongly encouraged on any subsequent revision. All new standard VO services, however, must feature a VOSI-compliant interface. This document has been produced by the Grid and Web Services Working Group. It has been reviewed by IVOA Members and other interested parties, and has been endorsed by the IVOA Executive Committee as an IVOA Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited as a normative reference from another document. IVOA's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability inside the Astronomical Community.
Transitioning farm bill programs to a payment for ecosystem services approach
Creators: name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Toombs, Ted
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009
Subjects: USDA
PES
rangeland ecosystem services
payment for ecosystem services
farm bill programs
United States Department of Agriculture

description: Presented at the Bridging the gap: collaborative conservation from the ground up conference, September 8-11, 2009, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, sponsored by the Center for Collaborative Conservation, https://collaborativeconservation.org/. This conference brought together people with experience working collaboratively to achieve both conservation and livelihood goals in tribal nations, rangelands, forests, watersheds, agricultural lands, and urban areas. Ted Toombs is affiliated with Environmental Defense Fund, Center for Conservation Incentives. Ralph Heimlich is affiliated with Agricultural Conservation Economics (ACE).
description: Farm bill programs currently provide a "pseudo-market" for conservation where a contract between the public and the government (the farm bill) is intermediated by the USDA. In this pseudo market, the USDA provides payments for management practices, which can lead to ecosystem service benefits. But, it does not currently pay directly for the ecosystem service benefits themselves. The goal of this presentation is to highlight considerations for USDA and private landowners (ranchers in particular) if USDA were to transition to a PES approach. I contrast the current system with a PES, and illustrate that significant differences might emerge in the size and character of the "markets" under each scenario. Many difficult questions would need to be addressed to determine how the profitability of a ranch would potentially be affected by a switch to a PES approach.
OLC Accelerate 2017 Education Session: Engaging prospective students, students, alumni, and community members via interactive online events at Columbia University
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Students--Recruiting
Schools--Alumni and alumnae
Telecommunication in education
Education--Marketing

description: Online events can engage multiple audiences, from prospective students through alumni and community members, by showcasing alumni achievements and faculty expertise. This session will share examples from Columbia University School of Social Work’s online events, including the planning process, methods for engaging participants, and challenges when running live online events. Online events can support student recruitment and retention, engage alumni and community members, and drive content marketing efforts. At Columbia University School of Social Work, our online events are highly interactive and create community amongst the hundreds of audience members. In the audience, prospective students ask questions and receive answers from alumni and admissions officers; current students around the country chat with each other and with their instructors; alumni from around the world network around specific issues. Speakers have included current students, faculty, and alumni. The range of event topics have highlighted the School’s expertise and included “Challenges Facing Psychotherapists in the New Political Climate,” “Veterans and Homelessness,” and “How Legalizing Marijuana Affects Adolescents.”
In this session, we will share the planning process driving our successful online events, share the technology and strategies used to engage participants, and share how we’ve addressed challenges that have come up during the live events. Participants will be encouraged to share successes and challenges from their own online events, so that the group can learn from each other, and there will be time to ask questions as well.
The goals for this session:
By the end of this session, participants should be able to:
– Describe the benefits of online events, from marketing and retention through alumni and community engagement
– Describe the elements of successful online events, from planning through execution
– Share their successes and challenges with online events
– Ask questions and discuss solutions to potential issues
Ward's Hierarchical Clustering Method: Clustering Criterion and Agglomerative Algorithm
Creators: name: Murtagh, Fionn
name: Legendre, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3; H.3.3
subject: 62H30, 91C20

description: The Ward error sum of squares hierarchical clustering method has been very widely used since its first description by Ward in a 1963 publication. It has also been generalized in various ways. However there are different interpretations in the literature and there are different implementations of the Ward agglomerative algorithm in commonly used software systems, including differing expressions of the agglomerative criterion. Our survey work and case studies will be useful for all those involved in developing software for data analysis using Ward's hierarchical clustering method.
description: 20 pages, 21 citations, 4 figures
title: Aggregated Tsunami Scenario for Karpathos Island
Creators: name: Dimova, Lyuba
name: Raykova, Reneta
name: Armigliato, Alberto
name: Pagnoni, Gianluca
name: Tinti, Stefano
Publisher: name: Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Environmental Protection and Disaster RISKs, 2020, p. 443-451
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Karpathos is the second largest of the Greek Dodecanese islands. Historical data such as the event of 9 February 1948, indicate that this area is prone to earthquakes and tsunamis. In this study we evaluate the tsunami hazard for the Karpathos Island by means of a scenario-based technique. We take into account tsunamis generated by three main seismic sources in agreement with local tectonics and historical records. The code UBO-TSUFD is used for all numerical simulations. Tsunamis are computed in several domains with different resolution for a better calculation of the maximum coastal wave height and tsunami inundation. Tsunami parameters for each individual scenario are used to construct a unique aggregated scenario, which help us to evaluate the inundation zone. The contribution of all scenarios along the coast of Karpathos is studied via synthetic mareograms. It is found that EHA dominates and that the southern Karpathos is more exposed to tsunamis.
description: Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Environmental Protection and Disaster RISKs, 2020, p. 443-451
Intentionality is the Basis for the Social Foundations of Language Development
Creators: name: Bloom, Lois
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Language acquisition
Child development
Children--Language

description: The emphasis in social theories of language acquisition is usually on the part played by adults in constructing and guiding children’s social interactions. The goal of this paper is to shift the balance of influence to the child in social interactions for language learning. The driving force for children learning language comes from the strong impetus to express and interpret what they and others have in mind: their intentional states. With developments in memory and cognition, these contents of mind become both increasingly discrepant from events in the context and increasingly elaborated, with representations of more objects, actions, and relations between them. As a result, children need to learn more of the complexities of language for expression and interpretation. A supportive social environment is surely necessary, but the mind of the young child is the agent in the process of language acquisition.
Critical Computing in the Humanities
Creators: name: Polefrone, Phillip R.
name: Simpson, John
name: Tenen, Dennis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Digital humanities
Humanities--Study and teaching (Higher)
Computer programming--Study and teaching

description: Our aim in this chapter is to reveal some of the core principles motivating the teaching of computing fundamentals in the humanities context. We divide the text into three sections. "Critical Computing in the Humanities" describes the ideas behind our approach to computation, which is premised on extending rather than replacing long-standing critical practices of humanistic inquiry. In the second section, "Digital Humanities Core," these ideas lead us to a list of core skills for the practicing digital humanist. Here, we outline several necessary prerequisites needed to advance the great variety of work in the field. We conclude with a section that details the "Three Locations of Computing," which orient the reader to three significant sites of computation: the command line, the text editor, and the programming language interpreter. Short exercises introduce the reader to the possibilities for teaching and research at each site.
Ideal Hydrodynamics for Bulk and Multistrange Hadrons in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200\,AGeV Au-Au Collisions
Creators: name: He, Min
name: Fries, Rainer J.
name: Rapp, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the use of ideal hydrodynamics to describe bulk- and multistrange-hadron observables in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Toward this end we augment the 2+1-dimensional code "AZHYDRO" by employing (a) an equation of state based on recent lattice-QCD computations matched to a hadron-resonance gas with chemical decoupling at $T_{\rm ch}\simeq$160\,MeV, (b) a compact initial density profile, (c) an initial-flow field including azimuthal anisotropies, and (d) a sequential kinetic decoupling of bulk ($π$, $K$, $p$) and multistrange ($ϕ$, $Ξ$, $Ω$) hadrons at $T\simeq110$\,MeV and 160\,MeV, respectively. We find that this scheme allows for a consistent description of the observed chemistry, transverse-momentum spectra and elliptic flow of light and strange hadrons.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Geons of Galileons
Creators: name: Curtright, Thomas L.
name: Fairlie, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that galileon theories should have an additional self-coupling of the fields to the trace of their own energy-momentum tensor. We explore the classical features of one such model, in flat 4D spacetime, with emphasis on solutions that are scalar analogues of gravitational geons. We discuss the stability of these scalar geons, and some of their possible signatures, including shock fronts.
description: References added in v2
title: Ultrasonographic findings in adenomyoepithelioma of the breast. A retrospective study of 11 years.
Creators: name: Gatica, Consuelo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is an uncommon tumor whose radiological findings have been scarcely described in scientific literature.The purpose of our study was to evaluate the imaging features of adenomyoepithelioma of the breast with a focus...
Managing Risks to Scientific Data
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Database management
Information storage and retrieval systems--Science
Scientific archives

description: Scientific data that are created, stored, or distributed in digital form are at risk of being unavailable or unusable for future research if they are not managed to mitigate the risks of digital data. At CIESIN, the Center for International Earth Science Information Network, of Columbia University, we have identified and described several risks to scientific data, including legality, integrity, interpretability, accessibility, discoverability, security, confidentiality, recoverability, and sustainability. Questions, scenarios, and approaches for mitigating these risks to scientific are offered.
Electron Dynamics in Slowly Varying Antiferromagnetic Texture
Creators: name: Cheng, Ran
name: Niu, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective dynamics of conduction electrons in antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials with slowly varying spin texture is developed via non-Abelian gauge theory. Quite different from the ferromagnetic (FM) case, the spin of a conduction electron does not follow the background texture even in the adiabatic limit due to the accumulation of a SU(2) non-Abelian Berry phase. Correspondingly, it is found that the orbital dynamics becomes spin-dependent and is affected by two emergent gauge fields. While one of them is the non-Abelian generalization of what has been discovered in FM systems, the other leads to an anomalous velocity that has no FM counterpart. Two examples are provided to illustrate the distinctive spin dynamics of a conduction electron.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Wavy patellar tendon as an indirect sign for anterior tibial translation in patients with complete ACL rupture
Creators: name: Tsui, Wai Chung Waylon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is a commonly encountered injury, with about 250,000 cases reported yearly in the USA alone [1]. The ACL acts as an important knee stabilizer, such that injury to this structure leads to substantial knee...
A Framework for Testing Regulatory Authority
Creators: name: Creamer, Ron
name: Wheeler, Isaac
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Taxation--Law and legislation
Authority
Federal government

description: In this article, we consider whether certain provisions of the Regulatory Package (including regulations proposed and issued under Section 385, Section 956, Section 7701(l) and Section 7874) are outside the scope of the IRS’s authority.  We approach these questions first by formulating our own set of “underlying principles” that we believe are necessary guideposts to any question of regulatory authority.  We believe using our own “underlying principles” as the lens through which to focus the question allows us to develop tax-specific examples to illustrate the limits of regulatory authority rather than rely on the facts of non-tax cases in which similar questions of regulatory authority were considered.  Not surprisingly, the principles we outline below are echoed in the case law involving questions of statutory interpretation and the Administrative Procedure Act (the “APA”).

Even with the changes to the Regulatory Package, as well as potential tax reform which may further limit the impact of any Section 385 regulations,[11] attempting to define the limits of regulatory authority is as important a task as ever.  The expansion of executive power, the seeming impossibility of bipartisan legislation, and the potential of radical tax reform which would involve, inevitably, Congress charging the Treasury Department and the IRS to fill in statutory gaps mean the limits of administrative authority will continue to be tested in the near future.
Topological thermoelectric effects in spin-orbit coupled electron and hole doped semiconductors
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, E.
name: Zhang, Chuanwei
name: Marinescu, D. C.
name: Tewari, Sumanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the intrinsic contributions to the Berry-phase mediated anomalous Hall and Nernst effects in electron- and hole-doped semiconductors in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field as well as Rashba and Dresselhaus spin orbit couplings. For both systems we find that the regime of chemical potential which supports the topological superconducting state in the presence of superconducting proximity effect can be characterized by plateaus in the topological Hall and Nernst coefficients flanked by well-defined peaks marking the emergence of the topological regime. The plateaus arise from a clear momentum space separation between the region where the Berry curvature is peaked (at the `near-band-degeneracy' points) and the region where the single (or odd number of) Fermi surface lies in the Brillouin zone. The plateau for the Nernst coefficient is at vanishing magnitudes surrounded by two peaks of opposite signs as a function of the chemical potential. These results could be useful for experimentally deducing the chemical potential regime suitable for realizing topological states in the presence of proximity effect.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Managing ECFA’s ideational transformative power in cross-Strait relations : an exploration using the functionalist model of integration and two-level game theory
Creators: name: Lin, Yu-Ting
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis utilizes Robert Putnam’s two-level game theory to shed light on why, despite steady improvement of low political interactions between China and Taiwan, the functionalist spillover into cross-Strait high politics has yet to occur. In this context, this thesis examines how the recently signed Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) can be managed to initiate an ideational (attitudinal) shift within the Taiwanese population towards cross-Strait integration. The thesis demonstrates that ECFA’s ideational transformative power is premised on its capacity to generate concrete benefits for the population and the extent to which these benefits fulfill the expectations that the population has come to hold towards ECFA. It also shows the importance of effective communication from Taiwanese elites to the Taiwanese population in building reasonable expectations about ECFA.