cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Response of CsI(Tl) scintillators over a large range in energy and atomic number of ions (Part I): recombination and delta -- electrons
Creators: name: Parlog, M.
name: Borderie, B.
name: Rivet, M. F.
name: Tabacaru, G.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Elouardi, M
name: Neindre, N. Le
name: Lopez, O.
name: Plagnol, E.
name: tassan-Got, L.
name: collaboration, INDRA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple formalism describing the light response of CsI(Tl) to heavy ions, which quantifies the luminescence and the quenching in terms of the competition between radiative transitions following the carrier trapping at the Tl activator sites and the electron-hole recombination, is proposed. The effect of the delta rays on the scintillation efficiency is for the first time quantitatively included in a fully consistent way. The light output expression depends on four parameters determined by a procedure of global fit to experimental data.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Nucl. Inst. Meth. A
Measured Effectiveness of Deep N-well Substrate Isolation in a 65nm Pixel Readout Chip Prototype
Creators: name: Liu, Peilian
name: Garcia-Sciveres, Maurice
name: Heim, Timon
name: Krieger, Amanda
name: Gnani, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The same charge sensitive preamplifier and discriminator circuit with different isolation strategies has been tested to compare the isolation of both analog and digital circuits from the substrate of a 65nm bulk CMOS process to the isolation of only digital circuits, tying analog ground locally to the substrate. This study will show that the circuit with analog on the substrate and digital in deep N-well has better noise isolation between analog and digital.
Schooling Habitus: An auto/ethnographic study of music education's entanglements with cultural hegemony
Creators: name: Fairbanks, Stephen Thomas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: music education
autoethnography
cultural hegemony
Bourdieu

description: This thesis emerges out of my autoethnographic experience as a music-educator-turned-researcher in negotiating some of the entanglements between music education and cultural hegemony. In recent years, youth orchestras have been strongly promoted as a catalyst for social justice. Advocates of such programmes argue that the benefits of youth orchestra participation should be made available to all, regardless of cultural or socioeconomic circumstances. However, critics of these programmes contend that musical expression is culturally-situated and thus inappropriate to impose upon disadvantaged youth by the dominant culture. Such diverging viewpoints have resulted in an ideological impasse regarding the role of youth orchestras in respect to social justice. Sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of ‘habitus’, ‘cultural capital’, and ‘symbolic violence’ offer a framework by which social justice questions and cultural expressions can be merged into one. Accordingly, I use a Bourdieusian framework to explore the way in which habitus is influenced in the context of a youth orchestra, specifically focusing upon a highly successful high school orchestra in an ethnically diverse and economically disadvantaged community along California’s international border with Mexico. Findings from auto/ethnographic fieldwork suggest that (1) school orchestras may be predisposed to perpetuate cultural hegemony and (2) individual students have sophisticated ways of mediating the effects of cultural hegemony. Building from these findings, I assert that if music educators can awaken to the possibility that they may be entangled in the perpetuation of cultural hegemony, they will be better able to acknowledge, address, and shape the way in which schooling impacts upon student habitus.
モーフィングを用いたドラムループ素材の生成
Creators: name: 川原, 瑞樹
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cnn
vae
drum
morphing

description: 本稿は, 音楽制作で限られた音素材から自分の求める音素材を作り出す難しさを解決するために, 畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)と変分オートエンコーダ(VAE)を組み合わせた音素材モーフィングを試行する. 

本手法では,複数の畳み込み層からなるエンコーダを用いてスペクトログラムを潜在空間にマッピングし, 複数の逆畳み込み層からなるデコーダを用いて元のスペクトログラムに復元する.このようなCNN-VAEを学習した状態で,学習済みの音源を2つ選び,潜在空間内の対応する2点の内分点を取って,デコーダによってスペクトログラムを生成する.最後に,そのスペクトログラムを音響信号に変換する.

ドラムパターンの音素材を用いて,異なる音素材の組み合わせで, モーフィングの割合に変化させて音素材の生成を試したところ,いくつかの組合せに対しては,選んだ2つの中間的な音素材を生成することができた. 

実験では, CNNとVAEを用いて中間的なドラムループ素材を生成する方法の効果を評価するために三つの主要な評価が行われた. 一つ目の評価では, 生成された音と市販のドラムループとの比較を行い, その有用性と品質を判断した. 二つ目の評価では, 生成された音とモーフィングに使用された元の二つの音素材との類似性に焦点を当てた. 三つ目の評価では, 生成された音源とデータベース内の音源との間の平均のコサイン類似度を計算した. 

その結果, 高い類似度が得られ, 新規音源とは言い難いという考察に至ったが, 生成された音はしばしば元の二つの音の中間として認識され, 音楽制作における多様かつ中間的な素材の生成可能性を示唆している.
STABILIZING THE INTERNATIONAL WHEAT MARKET WITH A U.S. BUFFER STOCK
Creators: name: Walker, Rodney L.
name: Sharples, Jerry A.
name: Walker, Rodney L.
name: Sharples, Jerry A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Recent world carryover stocks of wheat are 65 percent of their average level during the decade of the 1960's. The precarious nature of this position has been demonstrated by the rapid upward movement of wheat prices in the last few years as world stock levels were depleted. The concern of many has been evidenced by numerous proposals for a world food or grain reserve.
A Neural Rendering Framework for Free-Viewpoint Relighting
Creators: name: Chen, Zhang
name: Chen, Anpei
name: Zhang, Guli
name: Wang, Chengyuan
name: Ji, Yu
name: Kutulakos, Kiriakos N.
name: Yu, Jingyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel Relightable Neural Renderer (RNR) for simultaneous view synthesis and relighting using multi-view image inputs. Existing neural rendering (NR) does not explicitly model the physical rendering process and hence has limited capabilities on relighting. RNR instead models image formation in terms of environment lighting, object intrinsic attributes, and light transport function (LTF), each corresponding to a learnable component. In particular, the incorporation of a physically based rendering process not only enables relighting but also improves the quality of view synthesis. Comprehensive experiments on synthetic and real data show that RNR provides a practical and effective solution for conducting free-viewpoint relighting.
description: The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2020
General Properties of Quiescent Novae
Creators: name: Warner, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed properties of novae before and after eruption are discussed. The distribution of orbital periods of novae shows a concentration near 3.2 h, which resembles that of magnetic cataclysmic variables, and there is some evidence that many of the novae themselves are magnetic near that orbital period. Desynchronisation of polars by nova eruptions can lead to an estimate (~2 x 10^3 y) for the time between eruptions for the strongly magnetic systems; this is much shorter than that found from other methods. The similarity of pre- and post-nova luminosities, at high rates of mass transfer, is ascribed to irradiation of the secondary producing a self-sustained high Mdot state. This slows cooling of the white dwarf after eruption, delays the onset of full scale dwarf nova outbursts in most systems, and delays any descent into a hibernation state of low rate of mass transfer.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; To appear in the proceedings of `Classical Nova Explosions', Sitges, Spain
METAKOGNITIV YONDASHUV ASOSIDA INGLIZ TILINI O'QITISH
Creators: name: Kasimkhodjayeva, Mutabar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada metakognitiv yondashuv asosida ingliz tilini o‘qitishning samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Metakognitiv strategiyalar talabalarning mustaqil o‘rganish ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishga, o‘z ta’lim jarayonini nazorat qilishga va til o‘rganish jarayonini optimallashtirishga yordam beradi. Tadqiqotda metakognitiv yondashuvning asosiy tamoyillari, texnikalari va o‘quvchilarga ta’siri yoritilib, uni amaliyotda qo‘llash usullari tahlil qilinadi.
Heating of the intracluster medium by quasar outflows
Creators: name: Nath, Biman
name: Roychowdhury, Suparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of quasar outflows in clusters and groups of galaxies heating the intracluster gas in order to explain the recent observation of excess entropy in this gas. We use the extended Press-Schechter formalism to estimate the number of quasars that become members of a group of cluster of a given mass and formation epoch. We also estimate the fraction of mechanical energy in the outflows that is imparted to the surrounding medium as a function of the density and temperature of this gas. We finally calculate the total amount of non-gravitational heating from such outflows as a function of the cluster potential and formation epoch. We show that outflows from broad absorption line (BAL) and radio loud quasars can provide the required amount of heating of the intracluster gas. We find that in this scenario most of the heating takes place at $z \sim 1\hbox{--}4$, and that this ``preheating'' epoch is at lower redshift for lower mass clusters.
description: Latex (mn.sty), 8 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRAS
Mathematical Insights in the Pioneering Educational Project FSTF
Creators: name: Bonacci, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97G40 (Primary) 97M50, 51P05, 74-02 (Secondary)

description: During their pre-university year, six brilliant and motivated students joined the educational project "From Soccerene to Fullerene" (acronym FSTF) proposed by five teachers from the Departments of Physical Education and of Mathematics and Physics at the Scientific High School "G.B. Grassi" in Latina (Italy). The pupils investigated the fullerene buckyball (C60) also known as soccerene for its football-shaped structure (truncated icosahedron). From plastic sheets they cut twelve pentagons and twenty hexagons, with a calculated edge, sewing them together on a polystyrene sphere as faces of a soccer ball; they repeated the same operation twice, making two almost identical soccer-like balls. That multidisciplinary experience started on March 2013 and ended on June 2013. It was satisfactorily discussed in the 2013 school-leaving examination and raised a great interest both in the 100th national conference of the Italian Physical Society (Pisa, 2014) and in the ATINER's 9th annual international conference EMS (Athens, 2015). Now we briefly illustrate the FSTS, focusing on its mathematical features.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures. This open access article completes and refines the ATINER Conference Paper Series No: EMS2015-1604. The Creative Commons 4.0 license of the IJMSA (ISSN: 2230-9888) is stated at https://www.mukpublications.com/ijmsa.php
Laguerre tessellations and polycrystalline microstructures: A fast algorithm for generating grains of given volumes
Creators: name: Bourne, D. P.
name: Kok, P. J. J.
name: Roper, S. M.
name: Spanjer, W. D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65K10 (Primary) 74P10 (Secondary)

description: We present a fast algorithm for generating Laguerre diagrams with cells of given volumes, which can be used for creating RVEs of polycrystalline materials for computational homogenisation, or for fitting Laguerre diagrams to EBSD or XRD measurements of metals. Given a list of desired cell volumes, we solve a convex optimisation problem to find a Laguerre diagram with cells of these volumes, up to any prescribed tolerance. The algorithm is built on tools from computational geometry and optimal transport theory which, as far as we are aware, have not been applied to microstructure modelling before. We illustrate the speed and accuracy of the algorithm by generating RVEs with user-defined volume distributions with up to 20,000 grains in 3D. We can achieve volume percentage errors of less than 1% in the order of minutes on a standard desktop PC. We also give examples of polydisperse microstructures with bands, clusters and size gradients, and of fitting a Laguerre diagram to 3D EBSD measurements of an IF steel.
Response of CsI(Tl) scintillators over a large range in energy and atomic number of ions (Part II): calibration and identification in the INDRA array
Creators: name: Parlog, M.
name: Borderie, B.
name: Rivet, M. F.
name: Tabacaru, G.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Elouardi, M.
name: Neindre, N. Le
name: Lopez, O.
name: Plagnol, E.
name: Tassan-Got, L.
name: collaboration, the INDRA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light output of the 324 CsI(Tl) scintillators of INDRA has been measured over a large range both in energy: 1 - 80 AMeV and in atomic number of incident ions: Z = 1 - 60. An analytical expression for the nonlinear total light response as a function of the energy and the identity of the ion is proposed. It depends on four parameters. For three of them, connected to CsI(Tl) intrinsic characteristics, recommended fixed values are proposed. They are issued from the comparative study of the forward scintillators of INDRA, based on intermediate mass fragment data. The fourth one, related to light collection and to the gain of the associated photomultiplier, is particular and may be accurately obtained afterwards, from light charged particle data. Two applications are presented: fragment identification in telescopes using a CsI(Tl) crystal as residual energy detector and the scintillator energy calibration. The results are successfully confronted to heavy fragment experimental data.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Nucl. Inst. Meth. A
Pure point measures with sparse support and sparse Fourier--Bohr support
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Strungaru, Nicolae
name: Terauds, Venta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A25, 43A60, 52C23

description: Fourier-transformable Radon measures are called doubly sparse when both the measure and its transform are pure point measures with sparse support. Their structure is reasonably well understood in Euclidean space, based on the use of tempered distributions. Here, we extend the theory to second countable, locally compact Abelian groups, where we can employ general cut and project schemes and the structure of weighted model combs, along with the theory of almost periodic measures. In particular, for measures with Meyer set support, we characterise sparseness of the Fourier--Bohr spectrum via conditions of crystallographic type, and derive representations of the measures in terms of trigonometric polynomials. More generally, we analyse positive definite, doubly sparse measures in a natural cut and project setting, which results in a Poisson summation type formula.
description: 36 pages; revised version with minor additions and improvements
Megalota Diakonoff 1966
Creators: name: Brown, John W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Megalota

description: Key to the species groups of Megalota based on female genitalia
 1. Signum in the form of a parallel-sided, tongue- or fin-shaped sclerite (Figs. 55-63); colliculum comprising about half of ductus bursae........................................................................................................................B. delphinosema group
 - Signum stellate or comblike (Figs. 49-54); colliculum comprising one-third or less of ductus bursae................................................................................................................................................................................ A. submicans group 1
description: Published as part of Brown, John W., 2009, The discovery of Megalota in the Neotropics, with a revision of the New World species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutini), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 2279 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2279.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5307538
Cosmic rays from massive star clusters : A close look at Westerlund 1
Creators: name: Bhadra, Sourav
name: Gupta, Siddhartha
name: Nath, Biman B.
name: Sharma, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of cosmic ray (CR) acceleration in the massive compact star cluster Westerlund 1 in light of its recent detection in $γ$-rays. Recent observations reveal a $1/r$ radial distribution of the CR energy density. Here we theoretically investigate whether or not this profile can help to distinguish between (1) continuous CR acceleration in the star cluster stellar wind-driven shocks and (2) discrete CR acceleration in multiple supernovae shocks -- which are often debated in the literature. Using idealized two-fluid simulations and exploring different acceleration sites and diffusion coefficients, we obtain the CR energy density profile and luminosity to find the best match for the $γ$-ray observations. We find that the inferred CR energy density profiles from observations of $γ$-ray luminosity and mass can be much different from the true radial profile. CR acceleration at either the cluster core region or the wind termination shock can explain the observations, if the diffusion coefficient is $κ_{\rm cr}\sim 10^{27}$ cm$^2$ s$^{-1}$ and a fraction of $\approx 10\%-20\%$ of the shock power/post-shock pressure is deposited into the CR component. We also study the possibility of discrete supernovae (SN) explosions being responsible for CR acceleration and find that with an injection rate of 1 SN in every $\sim 0.03$ Myr, one can explain the observed $γ$-ray profile. This multiple SN scenario is consistent with X-ray observations only if the thermal conductivity is close to the Spitzer value.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Slim Fly: A Cost Effective Low-Diameter Network Topology
Creators: name: Besta, Maciej
name: Hoefler, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a high-performance cost-effective network topology called Slim Fly that approaches the theoretically optimal network diameter. Slim Fly is based on graphs that approximate the solution to the degree-diameter problem. We analyze Slim Fly and compare it to both traditional and state-of-the-art networks. Our analysis shows that Slim Fly has significant advantages over other topologies in latency, bandwidth, resiliency, cost, and power consumption. Finally, we propose deadlock-free routing schemes and physical layouts for large computing centers as well as a detailed cost and power model. Slim Fly enables constructing cost effective and highly resilient datacenter and HPC networks that offer low latency and high bandwidth under different HPC workloads such as stencil or graph computations.
description: Best Student Paper Award at ACM/IEEE Supercomputing'14 (1/82)
Mean first-passage times for solvated LiCN isomerization at intermediate to high temperatures
Creators: name: Schleeh, Micha M.
name: Reiff, Johannes
name: García-Müller, Pablo L.
name: Benito, Rosa M.
name: Borondo, Florentino
name: Main, Jörg
name: Hernandez, Rigoberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of a particle in a solvent has been framed using stochastic dynamics since the early theory of Kramers. A particle in a chemical reaction reacts slower in a diluted solvent because of the lack of energy transfer via collisions. The flux-over-population reaction rate constant rises with increasing density before falling again for very dense solvents. This Kramers turnover is observed in this paper at intermediate and high temperatures in the backward reaction of the LiNC $\rightleftharpoons$ LiCN isomerization via Langevin dynamics and mean first-passage times (MFPTs). It is in good agreement with the Pollak-Grabert-Hänggi (PGH) reaction rates at lower temperatures. Furthermore, we find a square root behavior of the reaction rate at high temperatures and have made direct comparisons of the methods in the intermediate- and high- temperature regimes; all suggesting increased ranges in accuracy of both the PGH and MFPT approaches.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Fundamental Radar Properties: Hidden Variables in Spacetime
Creators: name: Gabriel, Andrew K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A derivation of the properties of pulsed radiative imaging systems is presented with examples drawn from conventional, synthetic aperture, and interferometric radar. A geometric construction of the space and time components of a radar observation yields a simple underlying structural equivalence between many of the properties of radar, including resolution, range ambiguity, azimuth aliasing, signal strength, speckle, layover, Doppler shifts, obliquity and slant range resolution, finite antenna size, atmospheric delays, and beam and pulse limited configurations. The same simple structure is shown to account for many interferometric properties of radar - height resolution, image decorrelation, surface velocity detection, and surface deformation measurement. What emerges is a simple, unified description of the complex phenomena of radar observations. The formulation comes from fundamental physical concepts in relativistic field theory, of which the essential elements are presented. In the terminology of physics, radar properties are projections of hidden variables - curved worldlines from a broken symmetry in Minkowski spacetime - onto a time-serial receiver.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures Accepted JOSA-A
Spacetime and Universal Soft Modes --- Black Holes and Beyond
Creators: name: Nomura, Yasunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a coherent picture of the quantum mechanics of an evaporating black hole has been presented which reconciles unitarity with the predictions of the equivalence principle. The thermal nature of a black hole as viewed in a distant reference frame arises from entanglement between the hard and soft modes, generated by the chaotic dynamics at the string scale. In this paper, we elaborate on this picture, particularly emphasizing the importance of the chaotic nature of the string (UV) dynamics across all low energy species in generating large (IR) spacetime behind the horizon. Implications of this UV/IR relation include O(1) breaking of global symmetries at the string scale and a self-repair mechanism of black holes restoring the smoothness of their horizons. We also generalize the framework to other systems, including Rindler, de Sitter, and asymptotically flat spacetimes, and find a consistent picture in each case. Finally, we discuss the origin of the particular construction adopted in describing the black hole interior as well as the outside of a de Sitter horizon. We argue that the construction is selected by the quantum-to-classical transition, in particular the applicability of the Born rule in a quantum mechanical world.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor revisions; v3: references added, matches published version
Measurements of Compton Scattered Transition Radiation at High Lorentz Factors
Creators: name: Case, Gary L.
name: Altice, P. Parker
name: Cherry, Michael L.
name: Isbert, Joachim
name: Mitchell, John W.
name: Patterson, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray transition radiation can be used to measure the Lorentz factor of relativistic particles. Standard transition radiation detectors (TRDs) typically incorporate thin plastic foil radiators and gas-filled x-ray detectors, and are sensitive up to γ~ 10^4. To reach higher Lorentz factors (up to γ~ 10^5), thicker, denser radiators can be used, which consequently produce x-rays of harder energies (>100 keV). At these energies, scintillator detectors are more efficient in detecting the hard x-rays, and Compton scattering of the x-rays out of the path of the particle becomes an important effect. The Compton scattering can be utilized to separate the transition radiation from the ionization background spatially. The use of conducting metal foils is predicted to yield enhanced signals compared to standard nonconducting plastic foils of the same dimensions. We have designed and built a Compton Scatter TRD optimized for high Lorentz factors and exposed it to high energy electrons at the CERN SPS. We present the results of the accelerator tests and comparisons to simulations, demonstrating 1) the effectiveness of the Compton Scatter TRD approach; 2) the performance of conducting aluminum foils; and 3) the ability of a TRD to measure energies approximately an order of magnitude higher than previously used in very high energy cosmic ray studies.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, To be published in NIM
Minimum Income Policy: Elements and Effects of an Alternative Instrument of Farm Policy of the European Community
Creators: name: Schmitt, Gunther
name: Witzke, Harold Von
name: Schmitt, Gunther
name: Witzke, Harold Von
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: Price support for farm products through import restrictions still represents the main instrument for raising farm sector incomes within the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Community (EC). The objective of this paper is first to analyze the effects of the traditional price policy of the CAP. Next, an alternative type of farm income policy will be discussed which seems to be more consistent with the general principles of income policy outside agriculture, and which should be able to avoid, or at least reduce, most of the negative effects of the present price policy of the EC.
Multinational Cooperatives: Their Potential Role in the International Grain Marketing System
Creators: name: Cook, Michael L.
name: Knutson, Ronald D.
name: Sporleder, Thomas L.
name: Cook, Michael L.
name: Knutson, Ronald D.
name: Sporleder, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: In recent years, concern has arisen about the structure of the international grain trade and its ability to operate in the interest of exporting or importing countries (McCalla and Schmitz). Producers and consumers question whether international market intermediaries' interests or strategies operate in a manner consistent with producers' and consumers' interests. Efforts to address these issues have emphasized policies where government becomes more directly involved in trade. Examples include state trading, marketing boards, and bilateral trade agreements. While recognizing such alternatives, this paper addresses the potential for producers and consumers to become more directly involved in the international grain trade through cooperative organizations and thus to improve the performance of the international grain marketing system. To accomplish this, it is necessary to review the structure of international grain marketing.
title: Episode 5: AI, Computational Creativity, and Media Production with Drew Keller
Creators: name: Keller, Drew
name: Rettberg, Scott
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2024

description: Drew Keller, Microsoft employee and graduate of the Digital Culture program at the University of Bergen joins Scott Rettberg to talk about the potential role of AI in our media production. From the Jacquard loom to the PowerPoint designer, human creativity has always been intertwined with technology, but is the rapid increase in AI a revolution in the way we produce media, or just another tool?
Archaeomagnetic knowledge of Neolithic in Bulgaria with emphasis on intensity changes
Creators: name: Kostadinova-Avramova, Maria
name: Kovacheva, Mary
name: Boyadzhiev, Yavor
name: Hervé, Gwenaël
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Table S1. Summarized archaeomagnetic determinations of the studied collections. D – magnetic declination after sun compass correction; I – magnetic declination; Fa – archaeointensity value obtained with the corresponding standard deviation (σ) in a temperature interval Tmin – Tmax using NPI points; NRM fraction (f); gap factor (g); quality factor (q); maximum angle of deviation (MAD) are also given. In the sample name, the small letters indicate the specimens used for AI determination whereas each sample direction is calculated as an average of two or three specimen' directions after the corresponding cleaning (thermal or AF). Specimens treated in Rennes laboratory are marked in grey.
Making Miracles in Central Medieval England
Creators: name: Lynch, Thomas Christopher
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Saints
Miracles
Ritual
Agency
England
Medieval
Hagiography
Liturgy

description: This thesis is concerned with the production of miracles in the cult of the saints, examining miracle narratives from English cults produced between 970 and 1170. In particular, I focus on the actions taken by people which resulted in intercession from the saints. Behind these actions was a basic structure, a person with knowledge of a saint experienced a problem and asked a saint for help. Those who engaged a saint properly could expect aid and those who behaved inappropriately could expect punishment. Even miracles of vengeance correspond to the same structure. Those who committed offences against the saints were agents of their own demise, it was their actions which spurred the saints to react. When these perpetrators survived they too could engage in a petition to the saint in order to be forgiven and helped. Each miracle was the result of the actions of a group of people, including the saints, their religious custodians and supplicants. Our record of these events comes from the work of hagiographers, who were not impartial witnesses but embedded participants in the cult. Whilst the hagiography privileges an ideal version of the cult of the saints, there were tensions between and within communities. There were also those who acted against or ignored the saints. Despite this saints remained popular and, no matter where you were or what had happened, you could ask a saint for help. I begin with an introduction defining miracles, examining the cult of the saints and detailing the scope of the thesis. The first chapter addresses the source material and its authors. The second chapter is concerned with the development of saints’ shrines. The third chapter is dedicated to petitions and the beneficent miracles which resulted. The fourth chapter analyses the punitive miracles and how they fit into the structure of the cult of the saints. The fifth chapter focuses on thanksgiving and the relationships between saints, custodians and supplicants. Finally I conclude that the actions of these people were at the heart of the cult of the saints in central medieval England.
CHARACTERIZATION OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES IN CYANOBACTERIA AND PLANTS
Creators: name: Ravendran Vasudevan, Ravendran
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cytochrome c6A
Cytochrome c6B
Cytochrome c6C
Cytochrome cM

description: Cytochrome c6 (Cyt c6) and Plastocyanin (Pc) are two well characterised redox carriers in the thylakoid lumen of cyanobacteria and algae. In cyanobacteria Cyt c6 or Pc shuttles electrons from the Cyt b6f complex to Photosystem I (PSI) or the terminal oxidase, and in plants Pc transfers electrons from the Cyt b6f complex to PSI. Along with Pc or Cyt c6, additional, poorly uncharacterized, low molecular weight electron carriers have recently been reported in cyanobacteria, algae and higher plants. These are Cyt cM and Cyt c6C/c6B in cyanobacteria and Cyt c6A in algae and higher plants. The possible functions of these proteins were investigated using Arabidopsis strains in which the Cyt c6A gene was inactivated, and over-expression lines constructed in this work, as well as strains of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 in which the Cyt cM and Cyt c6C genes had been inactivated, also constructed in this work. The phenotypes of the modified organisms were assessed in different physiological conditions, particularly with regard to their ability to withstand low or high light levels. In addition, chlorophyll fluorescence studies were performed, and transcriptomic analysis was carried out for the cyanobacterial strains. Impaired growth of the ΔCyt c6C strain was seen under extremely low light or extremely high light, and changes in levels of a large number of transcripts were detected in the mutant. Impaired growth of the ΔCyt cM strain was also seen under extremely low light levels. Changes in transcript levels in the mutant were also assessed. Cyt c6C and Cyt cM transcripts were up regulated under high light intensities. ΔCyt c6A Arabidopsis strains showed impaired growth at high light intensities, and strains overexpressing Cyt c6A showed impaired growth at low light intensities. Cyt c6A-EYFP fusion protein analysis by confocal microscopy indicated the localization of Cyt c6A fusion protein in the chloroplast, and possibly in the thylakoid lumen. The findings suggested the presence of possible alternative electron pathways from the plastoquinone (PQ) pool to PSI and/or to the respiratory complexes. These alternative electron pathways assist the organisms to withstand extreme light conditions. It is proposed that in cyanobacteria Cyt c6C accepts electrons directly from the PQ pool and donates them to Pc or directly to PSI bypassing the Cyt b6f complex, and Cyt cM accepts electron directly from the PQ pool, donating them to cytochrome oxidase. In plants, Cyt c6A accepts electron directly from the PQ pool and donates them to Pc and thence to PSI or directly to PSI.
The UCT Survey of Old Novae
Creators: name: Woudt, Patrick A.
name: Warner, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a status report on our high speed photometric survey of faint Cataclysmic Variables, which is concentrating on old novae.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures; To appear in the proceedings of `Classical Nova Explosions', Sitges, Spain
A Theory of Production, Investment, and Disinvestment
Creators: name: Baquet, Alan E.
name: Baquet, Alan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Financial Economics
Production Economics

description: Rural change often involves altering the combination of durable assets owned by an economic unit. Rural change may involve the acquisition of additional durables, the disposal of current durables, or using retained durables in a different manner. The current theories of production, investment, and disinvestment in durable assets do not handle accurately the issues relating to using durable assets at varying rates, nor do they specify completely the related issue of the optimal length of life for durable assets. In this paper, we consider a production process which has both durable assets and the flow of services from the durables as inputs. We allow for a varying extraction rate and determine internally both the optimal amount of services to extract from the durable in each production period as well as the optimal life for the durable. We relate the optimal production activities associated with the durable to investments and disinvestments in the durable. The economic theory which guides decisions concerning these changes is important to decisionmakers at micro, regional, national, and supranational levels.
Non-Hermitian Floquet topological phases in the double-kicked rotor
Creators: name: Zhou, Longwen
name: Pan, Jiaxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical kicking systems possess rich topological structures. In this work, we study Floquet states of matter in a non-Hermitian extension of double kicked rotor model. Under the on-resonance condition, we find various non-Hermitian Floquet topological phases, with each being characterized by a pair of topological winding numbers. A generalized mean chiral displacement is introduced to detect these winding numbers dynamically in two symmetric time frames. Furthermore, by mapping the system to a periodically quenched lattice model, we obtain the topological edge states and unravel the bulk-edge correspondence of the non-Hermitian double kicked rotor. These results uncover the richness of Floquet topological states in non-Hermitian dynamical kicking systems.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
UNDERSTANDING CONDITIONAL MODES OF ACTIONS IN CHEMICAL-INDUCED TOXICITY USING RULE MODELS
Creators: name: Mahmoud, Samar
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: In vitro toxicology
Rule models
Toxicity modes of action
Polyphamrmacology
Conformal prediction
Toxicity assessment
ToxCast

description: It is estimated that 115 million animals are used in experimental testing each year. Hence, shifting efforts toward alternative methods for toxicity assessment is essential. However, slow regulatory acceptance of new approaches is governed by knowledge gaps in toxicity modes of action. In this thesis, I describe these challenges and the use of in vitro screening as an alternative of animal testing. I also discuss common data-based methods to derive hypotheses about toxicity modes of actions, and the associated limitations in capturing multiple biological perturbations. I applied novel data-based workflows, using rule models, to prioritize in vitro assays predictive of toxicity as well as to detect significant polypharmacology profiles. I explain how constraints were applied to rule-based models to inform meaningful mechanistic interpretation for two toxicity endpoints: rat hepatotoxicity and acute toxicity. I compared assays selected, by rules, for predicting hepatotoxicity with endpoints used in in vitro models from commercial sources. An overlap was observed including cytochrome activity, mitochondrial toxicity and immunological responses. However, nuclear receptor activity, identified in rules, is not currently covered in commercial setups. I also demonstrate that endocrine disruption endpoints extrapolate better into in vivo toxicity when a set of specific conditions are met, such as physicochemical properties associated with good bioavailability. Next, I examined synergistic interactions between conditions in rules describing acute toxicity. I gained novel insights into how specific stressors potentiate the perturbation by known key events, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibition and neuro-signalling disruption. I show that examining polypharmacology profiles is particularly important at low bioactive potencies. Further, the overall predictive performance of rules describing acute toxicity was tested against a benchmark Random Forest model in a conformal prediction framework. Irrespective to the data type used in the training, the models were prone to bias over compounds promiscuity, by which high promiscuous compounds were more likely to be predicted as toxic. Overall, the studies conducted in this thesis provide novel insights into molecular mechanisms of toxicity, namely hepatotoxicity and acute toxicity, and with regards to chemical properties and polypharmacology. This knowledge can be used to improve the utility and design of alternative methods for toxicity, and hence, accelerate the regulatory acceptance.
description: Islamic Development Bank Cambridge Trust Fund
Determination of neutron-skin thickness using configurational information entropy
Creators: name: Ma, Chunwang
name: Liu, Yipu
name: Wei, Huiling
name: Pu, Jie
name: Cheng, Kaixuan
name: Wang, Yuting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Configurational information entropy (CIE) theory was employed to determine the neutron skin thickness of neutron-rich calcium isotopes. The nuclear density distributions and fragment cross-sections in 350 MeV/u $^{40-60}$Ca + $^{9}$Be projectile fragmentation reactions were calculated using a modified statistical abrasion-ablation model. CIE quantities were determined from the nuclear density, isotopic, mass, and charge distributions. The linear correlations between the CIE determined using the isotopic, mass, and charge distributions and the neutron skin thickness of the projectile nucleus show that CIE provides new methods to extract the neutron skin thickness of neutron-rich nuclei.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Chandra Detection of Highest Redshift (z~6) Quasars in X-rays
Creators: name: Mathur, Smita
name: Wilkes, Belinda
name: Ghosh, Himel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Chandra observations of three quasars SDSSP J083643+005453, SDSSP J103027+052455, and SDSSP J130608+035626 at redshifts 5.82, 6.28 and 5.99 respectively. All the three sources are clearly detected in the X-ray band, up to rest frame energies of ~55 keV. These observations demonstrate the unprecedented sensitivity of Chandra to detect faint sources in relatively short exposure times (5.7--8.2 ksec). The broad band X-ray properties of these highest redshift quasars do not appear to be any different from their lower redshift cousins. Spectra of the sources could not be determined with only few counts detected. Observations with XMM-Newton will be able to constrain the spectral shapes, if they are simple. Determination of complex spectra in a reasonable amount of time, however, will have to await next generation of X-ray missions.
description: Submitted to ApJ Letters
Additional file 1 of Economic status and catastrophic health expenditures in China in the last decade of health reform: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yuan, Qingqing
name: Wu, Yuxuan
name: Li, Furong
name: Yang, Min
name: Chen, Dandi
name: Zou, Kun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA MA'MURIY SUDLARNING SHAKLLANISH VA RIVOJLANISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Creators: name: Sultonov, Mahmudbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasida mustahkamlab qo‘yilgan inson huquqlari va erkinliklarini ta’minlashda, jamiyatda qonuniylik va huquq-tartibotni mustahkamlashda hamda qonun hujjatlarini amaliyotda qo‘llash samaradorligini oshirish va takomillashtirishda sud hokimiyati alohida o‘rin tutadi. Shu sababli ham jamiyatda va davlat boshqaruvida sud organlarining nufuzini oshirish, sudyalarning chinakam mustaqilligini va faqat qonunlarga asoslanib ish yuritishini ta’minlash mamlakatimizda huquqiy demokratik davlat va fuqarolik jamiyatini qurishdagi muhim shartlardan biri hisoblanadi.
Megalota cacaulana Brown 2009, new species
Creators: name: Brown, John W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Megalota
Megalota cacaulana

description: 6. Megalota cacaulana Brown, new species  Figs. 6, 30
 Diagnosis. Superficially, M. cacaulana is indistinguishable from its Brazilian congener M. beckeri (delphinosema group); however, the two are easily distinguished by features of the male genitalia. M. cacaulana has a pronounced, irregular, attenuate incurved projection from the valva about 0.75 the distance from the base, bearing a dense patch of long, slightly wavy setae, and the lobes of the uncus are more flattened dorsoventrally, vaguely crescent-shaped. The short, clublike basal process of the valva is extremely similar to that of M. beckeri, but the evenly concave lateral sides of the tegumen and the large projection from the distal part of the valva suggest that M. cacaulana is a member of the submicans group. The female is unknown.
 Description. Head: Vertex dark brown and red-brown, frons slightly lighter brown; labial palpus brown. Thorax: Dorsum brown, with a faint darker lateral band on mesothorax. Hind tibia in male with pronounced sex scaling, white on inner surface, gray on outer surface, with hairpencil. Forewing length 7.5 mm (n = 1); basal 0.5 variegated brown and red-brown; an interrupted, oblique fascia from costa 0.5–0.7 distance from base, with a dark oblique dash at costa; an irregularly oblong-ovate patch in terminal region below apex, extending from near mid-termen to end of discal cell, and from there to dorsum as narrow dark brown line. Fringe brown. Hindwing dark brown, with margin nearly straight from CuA 2 to anal margin; anal margin in male with well-developed, elongate, white sex scales. Abdomen: Brown. Male genitalia (Fig. 30; 1 preparation examined) with tegumen subrectangular, concave laterally, with deep rounded indentation at junction of uncus and tegumen; uncus comparatively stout, straight along basal edge, rounded along distal end, lateral lobes separated by a U-shaped gap; socius inconspicuous; valva narrower in middle 0.33; pronounced irregular, attenuate incurved projection from valva ca. 0.75 distance from the base, bearing a dense patch of long, slightly wavy setae; basal process of valva short, stout, twice as long as wide, broadened and somewhat truncate distally, with row of short spines in apico-mesal region and longer, hairlike setae in lateral region. Phallus simple, slightly curved, a trace of an external thorn subdistally on dorsum; vesica without cornutus. Female genitalia unknown.
 Holotype. Male, Brazil, Rondônia, Cacaulandia, 140 m, 26–30 May 1998, V. O. Becker (USNM), USNM slide 85,871.
 Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality of Cacaulandia.
description: Published as part of Brown, John W., 2009, The discovery of Megalota in the Neotropics, with a revision of the New World species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutini), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 2279 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2279.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5307538