cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intersectionality in Organisations: Exploring the Relationships between Gender, Ethnicity, Religion and Women’s Work in a Postcolonial African Space.
Creators: name: Ibokessien, Nene
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2020

description: This study focuses on academic women’s perception of organisational structures involving recruitment, selection and promotion in the Nigerian higher education system, exploring how gender, ethnicity and religious identities, important factors in the Nigeria socio-economic context, can create inequalities within academia. Four Nigerian universities are used as case studies, drawing on semi-structured in-depth interviews and an online self-administered survey to collect data. The study employs the concept of intersectionality, which investigates how identities intersect to produce multiple forms of inequalities. However, the study contends that conceptualising intersectionality with Postcolonial and African feminisms creates a theoretical framework capable of highlighting the interactions between organisational structures, sociocultural attitudes to gender and ethno-religious affiliations framed by colonial legacies and postcolonial policies, thereby developing an expanded Intersectionality which is able to adequately analyse experiences of Nigerian women working in academia. Postcolonial feminism is concerned with addressing the representation of women in formerly colonised areas, while African feminism seeks answers to gender equality issues within the contextual frame of historical and cultural realities in Africa. Both of these feminisms have criticised the perceived hegemony of Western feminist thought for what they consider its universalisation of women’s oppression. The findings reveal that while the participants view themselves as successful academics with agency, there are socio-cultural attitudes to gender which have led to a normalisation of gendered practices in academia and an absence of organisational policies to tackle these issues. Furthermore, minority ethnic and religious women are more likely to experience discrimination in their organisations. Finally, while there is evidence of inequalities in all four case studies, women’s experience of discrimination vary across different regions based on ethnic and religious affiliations, a testament to the non- homogeneity of women in their workplace experiences in Nigeria.
Gaussian dynamics in the Lindblad equation and its stochastic unravellings
Creators: name: Christie, Robson
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: In this study, we analyze the evolution of Gaussian states in open quantum systems governed by Lindblad equations, which can be solved analytically for systems with quadratic Hamiltonians and linear Lindbladians. These equations demonstrate the familiar phenomena of dissipation and decoherence and can be understood as an average over the stochastic pure-state dynamics of individual experimental realizations. We examine the quantum-jump and stochastic Schrödinger dynamics for initially Gaussian states and find that while both approaches converge to the Lindblad dynamics when averaged, the individual dynamics can differ significantly. For the stochastic Schr\"odinger equation, Gaussian states remain Gaussian, with the evolution of the phase-space center governed by stochastic differential equations and the covariance matrix evolving deterministically. In contrast, pure-state dynamics arising from quantum-jump evolution do not generally remain Gaussian. We develop a method for generating quantum-jump and stochastic Schr\"odinger trajectories for arbitrary initial states based on the evolution of an underlying Gaussian state. Using several quadratic examples, we compare the behavior of the different unravellings to the Lindblad dynamics before studying the non-quadratic systems in which the earlier derived Gaussian dynamics are not an exact representation of the full quantum dynamics, yet they may be thought of as their semiclassical limit. As an example, we study a thermally driven particle in a double well, investigating the effect of temperature on tunneling properties and timescales. In this system, we also examine the transition rates of the quantum dynamics and its semiclassical and classical limits.
NetQASM -- A low-level instruction set architecture for hybrid quantum-classical programs in a quantum internet
Creators: name: Dahlberg, Axel
name: van der Vecht, Bart
name: Donne, Carlo Delle
name: Skrzypczyk, Matthew
name: Raa, Ingmar te
name: Kozlowski, Wojciech
name: Wehner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce NetQASM, a low-level instruction set architecture for quantum internet applications. NetQASM is a universal, platform-independent and extendable instruction set with support for local quantum gates, powerful classical logic and quantum networking operations for remote entanglement generation. Furthermore, NetQASM allows for close integration of classical logic and communication at the application layer with quantum operations at the physical layer. This enables quantum network applications to be programmed in high-level platform-independent software, which is not possible using any other QASM variants. We implement NetQASM in a series of tools to write, parse, encode and run NetQASM code, which are available online. Our tools include a higher-level SDK in Python, which allows an easy way of programming applications for a quantum internet. Our SDK can be used at home by making use of our existing quantum simulators, NetSquid and SimulaQron, and will also provide a public interface to hardware released on a future iteration of Quantum Network Explorer.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, supplementary materials. v2: added references, fixed typos
Additional file 2 of Composition of the ileum microbiota is a mediator between the host genome and phosphorus utilization and other efficiency traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Creators: name: Haas, Valentin
name: Vollmar, Solveig
name: Preuß, Siegfried
name: Rodehutscord, Markus
name: Camarinha-Silva, Amélia
name: Bennewitz, Jörn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Genetic correlations $$r_{g}$$ r g , phenotypic correlations $$r_{p}$$ r p and regression coefficients $$\lambda_{{FI,{ }Genus}}$$ λ F I , G e n u s . Correlations and regression coefficients between FI and Genus with significant heritability (p ≤ 0.05) The standard errors (SE) presented in parantheses and $$\lambda_{FI, Genus}$$ λ F I , G e n u s in units $$\sigma_{p}$$ σ p . 1Feed intake—Genus with significant heritability (p ≤ 0.05).
Identification and Estimation of Differentiated Products Models
Creators: name: Byrne, David P.
name: Imai, Susumu
name: Jain, Neelam
name: Sarafidis, Vasilis
name: Hirukawa, Masayuki
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: We propose a new methodology for estimating demand and cost functions of differentiated products models when demand and cost data are available. The method deals with the endogeneity of prices to demand shocks and the endogeneity of outputs to cost shocks by using cost data. We establish identification, consistency and asymptotic normality of our two-step Sieve Nonlinear Least Squares (SNLLS) estimator for the commonly used logit and BLP demand function specification. Using Monte-Carlo experiments, we show that our method works well in contexts where commonly used instruments are correlated with demand and cost shocks and thus biased. We also apply our method to the estimation of deposit demand in the US banking industry.
Generalized permutahedra and positive flag Dressians
Creators: name: Joswig, Michael
name: Loho, Georg
name: Luber, Dante
name: Olarte, Jorge Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B12, 14T15, 05B35, 05E14

description: We study valuated matroids, their tropical incidence relations, flag matroids and total positivity. This leads to a characterization of permutahedral subdivisions, namely subdivisions of regular permutahedra into generalized permutahedra. Further, we get a characterization of those subdivisions arising from positive valuated flag matroids.
description: long version of extended abstract (FPSAC 2022, DMD 2022)
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Kilichev, I.S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: On June 16 this year at a video conference chaired by the President on the priorities of the higher education system, the training of young people as specialists with world-class knowledge and skills, the continuous development of higher education, the inclusion of professors in the higher education system drew particular attention to the need to improve it.
Additional file 3 of Composition of the ileum microbiota is a mediator between the host genome and phosphorus utilization and other efficiency traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Creators: name: Haas, Valentin
name: Vollmar, Solveig
name: Preuß, Siegfried
name: Rodehutscord, Markus
name: Camarinha-Silva, Amélia
name: Bennewitz, Jörn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Genetic correlations $$r_{g}$$ r g , phenotypic correlations $$r_{p}$$ r p and regression coefficients $$\lambda_{BWG, Genus}$$ λ B W G , G e n u s . Correlations and regression coefficients between BWG and Genus with significant heritability (p ≤ 0.05) The standard errors (SE) presented in parantheses and $$\lambda_{BWG, Genus}$$ λ B W G , G e n u s in units $$\sigma_{p}$$ σ p . 1Body weight gain—Genus with significant heritability (p ≤ 0.05).
Challenges in Designing a National Surveillance Program for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States:
Creators: name: Loftus, Edward V.
name: Herrinton, Lisa
name: Colombel, Jean Frederic
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Velayos, Fernando
name: Nguyen, Geoffrey C.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Khalili, Hamed
name: Sonnenberg, Amnon
name: Shah, Samir A.
name: Hutfless, Susan
name: Atreja, Ashish
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Bernstein, Charles N.
name: Chan, Andrew
name: Rothman, Kenneth J.
name: Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N.
name: Myers, Kelly D.
name: Boffetta, Paolo
name: Sands, Bruce E.
name: Bright, Renee
name: Kaplan, Gilaad G.
name: Leleiko, Neal S.
name: Gower-Rousseau, Corinne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This review describes the history of US government funding for surveillance programs in IBD, provides current estimates of the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in the United States (US), and enumerates a number of challenges faced by current and future IBD surveillance programs. A rationale for expanding the focus of IBD surveillance beyond counts of incidence and prevalence, in order to provide a greater understanding of the burden of IBD, disease etiology and pathogenesis, is provided. Lessons learned from other countries are summarized, as well as potential resources that may be used to optimize a new form of IBD surveillance in the US. A consensus recommendation on the goals and available resources for a new model for disease surveillance are provided. This new model should focus upon “surveillance of the burden of disease,” including 1) natural history of disease and 2) outcomes and complications of the disease and/or treatments.
Could a Swimming Creature Inform Us on Intestinal Diseases? Lessons from Zebrafish:
Creators: name: Jobin, Christian
name: Yang, Ye
name: Tomkovich, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Understanding a complex pathology such as inflammatory bowel disease, where host genetics (innate and adaptive immunity, barrier function) and environmental factors (microbes, diet, and stress) interact together to influence disease onset and severity, requires multipronged approaches to model these numerous variables. Researchers have typically relied on preclinical models of mouse and rat origin to push the boundary of knowledge further. However, incorporation of novel vertebrate models may contribute to new knowledge on specific aspects of intestinal homeostasis. An emerging literature has seen the use of zebrafish as a novel animal system to study key aspects of host–microbe interactions in the intestine. In this review, we briefly introduce components of host–microbiota interplay in the developing zebrafish intestine and summarize key lessons learned from this animal system; review important chemically induced and genetically engineered zebrafish models of intestinal immune disorders; and discuss perspectives and limitations of the zebrafish model system.
International Opportunities through Accelerator Networks: A Study of Startups Becoming Embedded in Edtech Context
Creators: name: Kairikko, Anette
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2020

description: This thesis examines edtech startups in the Finnish context. It focusses on the role of accelerator networks as embedding mechanisms for internationalising startups. The topic is pertinent because the role of accelerators in the internationalisation of startups has been understudied, despite growing interest in them. The characteristics of startups are decisive for this study, as startup ventures differ from other small and new ventures and continue to adjust and iterate to develop a scalable business model while internationalising. This study is positioned at the intersection of entrepreneurship, international entrepreneurship, and innovation. Conceptually, this study draws on the concepts of network embeddedness and on international opportunities defined as non-linear, iterative, and interactive development. This research was conducted as a single case study within the emerging edtech sector in the Finnish context and it adopts abductive approach. The extensive data consists of 46 interviews, observations, and documents, and the analysis is based on the method of constant comparison. The research identifies accelerator networks, which are relevant for international opportunity development, and thus, it enriches the literature on accelerators. The analysis demonstrates the mechanisms of international opportunity development through networks, resources, and collaboration. A typology is applied to classify internationalising startups in terms of accelerator networks, international opportunities, and product development. Finally, all findings are synthesised in a conceptual model. This study contributes to the emerging academic literature on accelerators by explaining the role of accelerator networks during the parallel process of venture creation and international opportunity development. Propositions are developed to advance future accelerator studies. Researching the community of internationally mixed startups in various locations and embedded in various environments challenges to reconsider the geographical location as an operationalisation of spatial dimension. Thus, this research joins the discussion on contextual dimensions in entrepreneurship studies.
User-Driven Support for Visualization Prototyping in D3
Creators: name: Bako, Hannah K.
name: Varma, Alisha
name: Faboro, Anuoluwapo
name: Haider, Mahreen
name: Nerrise, Favour
name: Kenah, Bissaka
name: Dickerson, John P.
name: Battle, Leilani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Templates have emerged as an effective approach to simplifying the visualization design and programming process. For example, they enable users to quickly generate multiple visualization designs even when using complex toolkits like D3. However, these templates are often treated as rigid artifacts that respond poorly to changes made outside of the template's established parameters, limiting user creativity. Preserving the user's creative flow requires a more dynamic approach to template-based visualization design, where tools can respond gracefully to users' edits when they modify templates in unexpected ways. In this paper, we leverage the structural similarities revealed by templates to design resilient support features for prototyping D3 visualizations: recommendations to suggest complementary interactions for a user's D3 program; and code augmentation to implement recommended interactions with a single click, even when users deviate from pre-defined templates. We demonstrate the utility of these features in Mirny, a d design-focused prototyping environment for D3. In a user study with 20 D3 users, we find that these automated features enable participants to prototype their design ideas with significantly fewer programming iterations. We also characterize key modification strategies used by participants to customize D3 templates. Informed by our findings and participants' feedback, we discuss the key implications of the use of templates for interleaving visualization programming and design.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, In 28th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI 23), March, 2023, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Implementable Strategies and Exploratory Considerations to Reduce Costs Associated with Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease:
Creators: name: Leibowitz, Ian H.
name: Tsou, Marc
name: Fridge, Jacqueline
name: Crandall, Wallace V.
name: Dykes, Dana M. H.
name: Colletti, Richard B.
name: Hoffenberg, Edward J.
name: Park, K. T.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A health care system is needed where care is based on the best available evidence and is delivered reliably, efficiently, and less expensively (best care at lower cost). In gastroenterology, anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents represent the most effective medical therapeutic option for patients with moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but are very expensive and account for nearly a quarter of the cost of IBD care, representing a major area of present and future impact in direct health care costs. The ImproveCareNow Network, consisting of over 55 pediatric IBD centers, seeks ways to improve the value of care in IBD – curtailing unnecessary costs and promoting better health outcomes through systematic and incremental quality improvement initiatives. This report summarizes the key evidence to facilitate the cost-effective use of anti-TNF agents for patients with IBD. Our review outlines the scientific rationale for initiating cost-reducing measures in anti-TNF use and focuses on three implementable strategies and four exploratory considerations through practical clinical guidelines, as supported by existing evidence. Implementable strategies can be readily integrated into today’s daily practice, while exploratory considerations can guide research to support future implementation.
title: Linking through-thickness cracks in metallic thin films to in-situ electrical resistance peak broadening
Creators: name: Gebhart, David D.
name: Krapf, Anna
name: Gammer, Christoph
name: Merle, Benoit
name: Cordill, Megan J.
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: nanocrystalline metal
subject: thin films
subject: fatigue
subject: electrical resistivity
subject: through-thickness cracks
subject: 620
subject: 660
subject: Nanostrukturiertes Material
subject: Dünne Schicht
subject: Materialermüdung
subject: Widerstand
subject: Riss

description: his work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Project I 4384-N] and the German Research Foundation (DFG) [grant ME-4368/8] within the framework of the D-A-CH cooperation FATIFACE.
On the Impact of Channel Estimation on the Design and Analysis of IRSA based Systems
Creators: name: Srivatsa, Chirag Ramesh
name: Murthy, Chandra R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Irregular repetition slotted aloha (IRSA) is a distributed grant-free random access protocol where users transmit multiple replicas of their packets to a base station (BS). The BS recovers the packets using successive interference cancellation. In this paper, we first derive channel estimates for IRSA, exploiting the sparsity structure of IRSA transmissions, when non-orthogonal pilots are employed across users to facilitate channel estimation at the BS. Allowing for the use of non-orthogonal pilots is important, as the length of orthogonal pilots scales linearly with the total number of devices, leading to prohibitive overhead as the number of devices increases. Next, we present a novel analysis of the throughput of IRSA under practical channel estimation errors, with the use of multiple antennas at the BS. Finally, we theoretically characterize the asymptotic throughput performance of IRSA using a density evolution based analysis. Simulation results underline the importance of accounting for channel estimation errors in analyzing IRSA, which can even lead to 70% loss in performance in severely interference-limited regimes. We also provide novel insights on the effect of parameters such as pilot length, SNR, number of antennas at the BS, etc, on the system throughput.
description: Accepted at IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, June 2022
The Role of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells in the Initiation of Inflammation in IBD:
Creators: name: Steinbach, Erin C.
name: Plevy, Scott E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In the healthy gastrointestinal tract, homeostasis is an active process that requires a careful balance of host responses to the enteric luminal contents. Intestinal macrophages and dendritic cells comprise a unique group of tissue immune cells that are ideally situated at the interface of the host and the enteric luminal environment to appropriately respond to microbes and ingested stimuli. However, intrinsic defects in macrophage and dendritic cell function contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), as highlighted by recent genome-wide association studies. Gastrointestinal macrophages and dendritic cells participate in IBD development through inappropriate responses to enteric microbial stimuli, inefficient clearance of microbes from host tissues, and impaired transition from appropriate pro-inflammatory responses to anti-inflammatory responses that promote resolution. By understanding how intestinal macrophages and dendritic cells initiate chronic inflammation, new pathogenesis-based therapeutic strategies to treat human IBD will be elucidated.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN INNOVATION
Creators: name: G'iyosiddinov, Abduraxim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In production activities, fixed assets, technologies used, labor skills, and manufactured products contain the results of the intellectual activity of certain individuals. These results include non-standard and original organizational, technological, technical, and entrepreneurial solutions, during the implementation of which the manufactured products acquire new consumer properties that are in demand among buyers.
Additional file 4 of Composition of the ileum microbiota is a mediator between the host genome and phosphorus utilization and other efficiency traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Creators: name: Haas, Valentin
name: Vollmar, Solveig
name: Preuß, Siegfried
name: Rodehutscord, Markus
name: Camarinha-Silva, Amélia
name: Bennewitz, Jörn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Genetic correlations $$r_{g}$$ r g , phenotypic correlations $$r_{p}$$ r p and regression coefficients $$\lambda_{F:G, Genus}$$ λ F : G , G e n u s . Correlations and regression coefficients between F:G and Genus with significant heritability (p ≤ 0.05) The standard errors (SE) presented in parantheses and $$\lambda_{F:G, Genus}$$ λ F : G , G e n u s in units $$\sigma_{p}$$ σ p . 1Feed per gain—Genus with significant heritability (p ≤ 0.05).
Adversarial Deep Reinforcement Learning for Improving the Robustness of Multi-agent Autonomous Driving Policies
Creators: name: Sharif, Aizaz
name: Marijan, Dusica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous cars are well known for being vulnerable to adversarial attacks that can compromise the safety of the car and pose danger to other road users. To effectively defend against adversaries, it is required to not only test autonomous cars for finding driving errors but to improve the robustness of the cars to these errors. To this end, in this paper, we propose a two-step methodology for autonomous cars that consists of (i) finding failure states in autonomous cars by training the adversarial driving agent, and (ii) improving the robustness of autonomous cars by retraining them with effective adversarial inputs. Our methodology supports testing autonomous cars in a multi-agent environment, where we train and compare adversarial car policy on two custom reward functions to test the driving control decision of autonomous cars. We run experiments in a vision-based high-fidelity urban driving simulated environment. Our results show that adversarial testing can be used for finding erroneous autonomous driving behavior, followed by adversarial training for improving the robustness of deep reinforcement learning-based autonomous driving policies. We demonstrate that the autonomous cars retrained using the effective adversarial inputs noticeably increase the performance of their driving policies in terms of reduced collision and offroad steering errors.
Validation of an Internet-Based Cohort of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (CCFA Partners):
Creators: name: Anton, Kristen
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Cook, Suzanne F.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Wrennall, Christina E. D.
name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Chen, Wenli
name: Randell, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: As traditional methods have become increasingly difficult, the Internet offers a mechanism for conducting survey research quickly and efficiently. The validity of this research, however, depends on the ability of respondents to accurately report health status. We used a large Internet-based inflammatory bowel disease cohort to validate self-reported IBD against physician reports.
Updated modelling of the oscillating eclipsing binary system AS Eri
Creators: name: Lampens, P.
name: Mkrtichian, D.
name: Lehmann, H.
name: K. Gunsriwiwat
name: L. Vermeylen
name: J. Matthews
name: R. Kuschnig
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Stars: binary: eclipsing, Stars: binary: evolution, mass accretion, Stars: variable, Stars: oscillations (incl. pulsation

description: We present the results of a recent study of the Algol-type eclipsing binary system AS Eri based on the combination of the MOST and TESS light curves as well as a collection of very precise radial velocities obtained with the spectrographs HERMES operating at the Mercator telescope, La Palma, and TCES operating at the A. Jensch telescope, Tautenburg. The primary component is a known A3 V-type pulsating, mass-accreting star. We fitted the light and radial velocity data with the package PHOEBE, and determined the best-fitting model adopting the configuration of a semi-detached system. We used the orbital period of 2.6641496 \pm 0.0000001 days obtained from an updated (O-C) analysis and the phase gap between the MOST and TESS light curves. The absence of any cyclic variation in the (O-C) residuals confirms the long-term stability of this period. We obtained the absolute component parameters: L1 = 14.125 \pm 0.008 Lsol, M1 = 2.014 \pm 0.004 Msol, R1 = 1.733 \pm 0.006 Rsol, log g1 = 4.264 \pm 0.005 and L2 = 4.345 \pm 0.003 Lsol, M2 = 0.211 \pm 0.001 Msol, R2 = 2.19 \pm 0.01 Rsol, log g2 = 3.078 \pm 0.003 with Teff,2/Teff,1 = 0.662 \pm 0.002. Although the orbital period appears to be stable on the long term and the final solution shows residuals within expected limits, we show that the models derived for each light curve separately entail small differences, e.g. in the temperature of the companion, allowing us to conclude that the light curve is affected by a years-long modulation. We believe that this is caused by the magnetic activity of the cool companion.
Assessment of Sex Differences for Treatment, Procedures, Complications, and Associated Conditions Among Adolescents Hospitalized with Crohnʼs Disease:
Creators: name: Bricker, Josh B.
name: Crandall, Wallace V.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Chisolm, Deena
name: Dotson, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Sex differences among adults in healthcare treatment and outcomes have been reported, however, there is a paucity of literature regarding pediatric populations, particularly adolescents with Crohn’s disease (CD). The objective was to identify whether sex differences exist with respect to complications, procedures, and medication usage (corticosteroids, biologic agents, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN)) among hospitalized adolescents with CD.
Stability of Deep Neural Networks via discrete rough paths
Creators: name: Bayer, Christian
name: Friz, Peter K.
name: Tapia, Nikolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60L90 (Primary), 39A30, 68T07 (Secondary)

description: Using rough path techniques, we provide a priori estimates for the output of Deep Residual Neural Networks in terms of both the input data and the (trained) network weights. As trained network weights are typically very rough when seen as functions of the layer, we propose to derive stability bounds in terms of the total $p$-variation of trained weights for any $p\in[1,3]$. Unlike the $C^1$-theory underlying the neural ODE literature, our estimates remain bounded even in the limiting case of weights behaving like Brownian motions, as suggested in [arXiv:2105.12245]. Mathematically, we interpret residual neural network as solutions to (rough) difference equations, and analyse them based on recent results of discrete time signatures and rough path theory.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
Hidden Heterogeneity: When to Choose Similarity-Based Calibration
Creators: name: Wagstaff, Kiri L.
name: Dietterich, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6

description: Trustworthy classifiers are essential to the adoption of machine learning predictions in many real-world settings. The predicted probability of possible outcomes can inform high-stakes decision making, particularly when assessing the expected value of alternative decisions or the risk of bad outcomes. These decisions require well-calibrated probabilities, not just the correct prediction of the most likely class. Black-box classifier calibration methods can improve the reliability of a classifier's output without requiring retraining. However, these methods are unable to detect subpopulations where calibration could also improve prediction accuracy. Such subpopulations are said to exhibit "hidden heterogeneity" (HH), because the original classifier did not detect them. This paper proposes a quantitative measure for HH. It also introduces two similarity-weighted calibration methods that can address HH by adapting locally to each test item: SWC weights the calibration set by similarity to the test item, and SWC-HH explicitly incorporates hidden heterogeneity to filter the calibration set. Experiments show that the improvements in calibration achieved by similarity-based calibration methods correlate with the amount of HH present and, given sufficient calibration data, generally exceed calibration achieved by global methods. HH can therefore serve as a useful diagnostic tool for identifying when local calibration methods would be beneficial.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Creators: name: G'iyosiddinov, Abduraxim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Innovation projects are projects because of which innovations are created and commercialized - fundamentally new products (services, technologies) that are created on the basis of modern achievements of science, technology and technology. Innovative projects are characterized by: significant volumes of R&D, significant uncertainty of the work performed in terms of timing, type and cost, the presence of high risks, and significant costs. They have a significant gain if they are successfully implemented and large losses in case of unsuccessful implementation.
title: GTAP and TiVA: Differences Between the two Databases and their Implications for Trade in Value-Added Indicators
Creators: name: Fusacchia, Ilaria
name: Salvatici, Luca
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2022

description: La frammentazione della produzione a livello globale richiede una misurazione del commercio in termini di valore aggiunto che tenga conto di come parti di valore contenuto nei beni e servizi sono aggiunte in ciascuna fase dei processi produttivi all’interno delle catene globali del valore. La qualità degli indicatori relativi al commercio in valore aggiunto dipende dalla qualità delle sottostanti tavole globali di Input-Output che a loro volta dipendono dalla qualità e disponibilità delle statistiche nazionali che ne sono alla base così come dalle tecniche di bilanciamento e stima usate nella procedura di armonizzazione. Nonostante le statistiche in valore aggiunto siano ampliamente utilizzate nella ricerca economica, non vi è coerenze tra le diverse banche dati né una procedura unica e condivisa nella costruzione dei dati su cui il commercio in valore aggiunto è stimato. Questo lavoro rappresenta un tentativo di sistematizzare le potenziali fonti di differenze tra le banche dati globali e di mostrare la risultante deviazione nelle stime degli indicatori di partecipazione alle catene globali del valore.
Additional file 5 of Composition of the ileum microbiota is a mediator between the host genome and phosphorus utilization and other efficiency traits in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Creators: name: Haas, Valentin
name: Vollmar, Solveig
name: Preuß, Siegfried
name: Rodehutscord, Markus
name: Camarinha-Silva, Amélia
name: Bennewitz, Jörn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Trait-associated markers from GCTA within the significant QTL regions. Summary of the trait-associated markers from GCTA (p ≤ 0.05) within the significant QTL regions. In addition, all markers that are significantly associated with another characteristic are listed in the last column. 1in cM.
Exercise Decreases Risk of Future Active Disease in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Remission:
Creators: name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: Chen, Wenli
name: Jones, Patricia D.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Although exercise impacts quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), little is known about its role in disease activity. Among IBD patients in remission, we aimed to evaluate the association between exercise and subsequent active disease.
Notice Prefix and Postfix Data
Creators: name: Uppala, Ashish
name: Rosati, Domenic
name: Nicholson, Josh M.
name: Mordaunt, Milo
name: Grabitz, Peter
name: Rife, Sean C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Notice title prefix and postfix data to accompany Uppala et al. (2022).
Additional file 1 of Nano-titanium dioxide inhalation exposure during gestation drives redox dysregulation and vascular dysfunction across generations
Creators: name: Bowdridge, Elizabeth C.
name: DeVallance, Evan
name: Garner, Krista L.
name: Griffith, Julie A.
name: Schafner, Kallie
name: Seaman, Madison
name: Engels, Kevin J.
name: Wix, Kimberley
name: Batchelor, Thomas P.
name: Goldsmith, William T.
name: Hussain, Salik
name: Nurkiewicz, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1: Hydrogen peroxide production rate in additional tissues from F1 males at 8 weeks of age. H2O2 production capacity detected by coumarin boronic acid in other F1 tissue A) pancreas, B) lung, C) brain. n=4-20. *, p < 0.05 Sham-control group versus nano-TiO2-exposed groups. Hepatocytes transfected with scrambled or p65 targeted siRNA were exposed overnight to 1:2 diluted F1 plasma then phosphorylation status determined (n=6); *, p < 0.05 Sham-control group versus nano-TiO2-exposed groups.
PQuAD: A Persian Question Answering Dataset
Creators: name: Darvishi, Kasra
name: Shahbodagh, Newsha
name: Abbasiantaeb, Zahra
name: Momtazi, Saeedeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Persian Question Answering Dataset (PQuAD), a crowdsourced reading comprehension dataset on Persian Wikipedia articles. It includes 80,000 questions along with their answers, with 25% of the questions being adversarially unanswerable. We examine various properties of the dataset to show the diversity and the level of its difficulty as an MRC benchmark. By releasing this dataset, we aim to ease research on Persian reading comprehension and development of Persian question answering systems. Our experiments on different state-of-the-art pre-trained contextualized language models show 74.8% Exact Match (EM) and 87.6% F1-score that can be used as the baseline results for further research on Persian QA.
Additional file 2 of Nano-titanium dioxide inhalation exposure during gestation drives redox dysregulation and vascular dysfunction across generations
Creators: name: Bowdridge, Elizabeth C.
name: DeVallance, Evan
name: Garner, Krista L.
name: Griffith, Julie A.
name: Schafner, Kallie
name: Seaman, Madison
name: Engels, Kevin J.
name: Wix, Kimberley
name: Batchelor, Thomas P.
name: Goldsmith, William T.
name: Hussain, Salik
name: Nurkiewicz, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Table S1: Pup and Placental Characteristics from F1 Dams. Pup and placental characteristics in sham-control (N = 9) and nano-TiO2 inhalation exposed (N = 10) groups. Values are shown as mean ± SEM. P ≤ 0.05, * Sham control group vs. nano-TiO2 exposed groups.
MicroRNAs Classify Different Disease Behavior Phenotypes of Crohnʼs Disease and May Have Prognostic Utility:
Creators: name: Gipson, Gregory R.
name: Iyer, Vishal B.
name: Peck, Bailey C. E.
name: Herfarth, Hans H.
name: Rahbar, Reza
name: Sartor, Ryan B.
name: Isaacs, Kim L.
name: Sheikh, Shehzad Z.
name: Weiser, Matthew
name: Lee, Saangyoung E.
name: Trembath, Dimitri G.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Furey, Terrence S.
name: Sethupathy, Praveen
name: Sadiq, Timothy S.
name: Hansen, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Article first published online 6 July 2015.Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.Background:There is a dire need for reliable prognostic markers that can guide effective therapeutic intervention in Crohn's disease (CD). We examined whether different phenotypes in CD can be classified based on colonic microRNA (miRNA) expression and whether miRNAs have prognostic utility for CD.Methods:High-throughput sequencing of small and total RNA isolated from colon tissue from patients with CD and controls without Inflammatory Bowel Disease (non-IBD) was performed. To identify miRNAs associated with specific phenotypes of CD, patients were stratified according to disease behavior (nonstricturing, nonpenetrating; stricturing; penetrating), and miRNA profiles in each subset were compared with those of the non-IBD group. Validation assays were performed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These miRNAs were further evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (index biopsies) of patients with nonpenetrating CD at the time of diagnosis that either retained the nonpenetrating phenotype or progressed to penetrating/fistulizing CD.Results:We found a suite of miRNAs, including miR-31-5p, miR-215, miR-223-3p, miR-196b-5p, and miR-203 that stratify patients with CD according to disease behavior independent of the effect of inflammation. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that expression levels of miR-215 in index biopsies of patients with CD might predict the likelihood of progression to penetrating/fistulizing CD. Finally, using a novel statistical simulation approach applied to colonic RNA-sequencing data for patients with CD and non-IBD controls, we identified miR-31-5p and miR-203 as candidate master regulators of gene expression profiles associated with CD.Conclusions:miRNAs may serve as clinically useful prognostic markers guiding initial therapy and identifying patients who would benefit most from effective intervention.
Superconductivity arising from pressure induced Lifshitz transition in Rb$_2$Pd$_3$Se$_4$ with kagome lattice
Creators: name: Li, Qing
name: Wu, Yuxiang
name: Fan, Xinwei
name: Zhang, Ying-Jie
name: Zhu, Xiyu
name: Zhu, Zhengyan
name: Li, Yiwen
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, superconductivity usually needs well defined Fermi surface(s) with strong electron-phonon coupling and moderate quasiparticle density of states (DOS). A kagome lattice can host flat bands and topological Dirac bands; meanwhile, due to the parallel Fermi surfaces and the saddle points, many interesting orders are expected. Here, we report the observation of superconductivity by pressurizing a kagome compound Rb$_2$Pd$_3$Se$_4$ using a DAC anvil. The parent compound shows an insulating behavior; however, it gradually becomes metallic and turns to a superconducting state when a high pressure is applied. High pressure synchrotron measurements show that there is no structural transition occurring during this transition. The density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations illustrate that the insulating behavior of the parent phase is due to the crystalline field splitting of the partial Pd-4d $t_{2g}$ bands and the Se-derivative 4$p$-band. However, the threshold of metallicity and superconductivity are reached when the Lifshitz transition occurs, leading to the emergence of tiny Fermi surface at $Γ$ point. Our results point to an unconventional superconductivity and shed new light on understanding the electronic evolution of a kagome material.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Perceptions of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases on Biobanking:
Creators: name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Haldeman, Kaaren
name: Cadigan, R. Jean
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Cook, Suzanne F.
name: Chen, Wenli
name: Kuczynski, Kriste
name: Sandler, Robert S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Little is known about beliefs, understanding and perceptions of biobanking among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We aimed to further understand perceptions of biobanking in the IBD community.
A Brief History of Forecasting Competitions
Creators: name: Hyndman, Rob J
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Forecasting competitions are now so widespread that it is often forgotten how controversial they were when first held, and how influential they have been over the years. I briefly review the history of forecasting competitions, and discuss what we have learned about their design and implementation, and what they can tell us about forecasting. I also provide a few suggestions for potential future competitions, and for research about forecasting based on competitions.
Racial Disparities in Readmission, Complications, and Procedures in Children with Crohnʼs Disease:
Creators: name: Chisolm, Deena J.
name: Crandall, Wallace V.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Dotson, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Racial disparities in care and outcomes contribute to mortality and morbidity in children however the role in pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) is unclear. In this study, we compared cohorts of Black and White children with CD to determine the extent race is associated with differences in readmissions, complications, and procedures among hospitalizations in the United States.
Forecasting Observables with Particle Filters: Any Filter Will Do!
Creators: name: Leung, Patrick
name: Forbes, Catherine S.
name: Martin, Gael M
name: McCabe, Brendan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: We investigate the impact of filter choice on forecast accuracy in state space models. The filters are used both to estimate the posterior distribution of the parameters, via a particle marginal Metropolis-Hastings (PMMH) algorithm, and to produce draws from the filtered distribution of the final state. Multiple filters are entertained, including two new data-driven methods. Simulation exercises are used to document the performance of each PMMH algorithm, in terms of computation time and the efficiency of the chain. We then produce the forecast distributions for the one-stepahead value of the observed variable, using a fixed number of particles and Markov chain draws. Despite distinct differences in efficiency, the filters yield virtually identical forecasting accuracy, with this result holding under both correct and incorrect specification of the model. This invariance of forecast performance to the specification of the filter also characterizes an empirical analysis of S&P500 daily returns.