cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Linked Open Samian Ware - Transformation and modelling of vagueness and uncertainty
Creators: name: Thiery, Florian
name: Mees, Allard
name: Gottwald, Dennis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Linked Data
Linked Open Data
Samian Ware
RDF4J
CIDOC CRM

description: The online relational database `Samian Research` contains a quarter of a million finds of potters’ stamps on Terra Sigillata from all over Europe. These Gaulish potters’ stamps have been found on 4300 sites throughout the Roman Empire, allowing for a) dating sites and b) Roman trade research. In order to provide this resource as FAIR data, we are transforming them into the LOD cloud. As a major challenge, we had to model vagueness and uncertainty in the original item descriptions relating to geographical locations and potform typologies as RDF statements. In this poster, we will present this transformation process, our modelling approach and its results.
The ConceptARC Benchmark: Evaluating Understanding and Generalization in the ARC Domain
Creators: name: Moskvichev, Arseny
name: Odouard, Victor Vikram
name: Mitchell, Melanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The abilities to form and abstract concepts is key to human intelligence, but such abilities remain lacking in state-of-the-art AI systems. There has been substantial research on conceptual abstraction in AI, particularly using idealized domains such as Raven's Progressive Matrices and Bongard problems, but even when AI systems succeed on such problems, the systems are rarely evaluated in depth to see if they have actually grasped the concepts they are meant to capture. In this paper we describe an in-depth evaluation benchmark for the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC), a collection of few-shot abstraction and analogy problems developed by Chollet [2019]. In particular, we describe ConceptARC, a new, publicly available benchmark in the ARC domain that systematically assesses abstraction and generalization abilities on a number of basic spatial and semantic concepts. ConceptARC differs from the original ARC dataset in that it is specifically organized around "concept groups" -- sets of problems that focus on specific concepts and that are vary in complexity and level of abstraction. We report results on testing humans on this benchmark as well as three machine solvers: the top two programs from a 2021 ARC competition and OpenAI's GPT-4. Our results show that humans substantially outperform the machine solvers on this benchmark, showing abilities to abstract and generalize concepts that are not yet captured by AI systems. We believe that this benchmark will spur improvements in the development of AI systems for conceptual abstraction and in the effective evaluation of such systems.
Close Encounters of the Interstellar Kind: Examining the Capture of Interstellar Objects in Near Earth Orbit
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Diptajyoti
name: Siraj, Amir
name: Trac, Hy
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations and detections of interstellar objects (ISOs) passing through the solar system have sparked a wave of interest into these objects. Although rare, these ISOs can be captured into bound orbits around the Sun. In this study, we investigate the novel idea of capture of ISOs into near-Earth orbits and find that a steady population of ISOs exists among the current population of Near Earth Objects (NEOs). Using numerical simulations, we find that the capture of ISOs into near-Earth orbits is dominated by Jupiter which is $10^4\times$ more efficient in capturing ISOs compared to Earth. Captured ISOs are more likely to be in orbits with high eccentricities and low inclinations. We also investigate the stability of captured ISOs and find that they are generally unstable and have an average survival life time of $\sim 1$ Myr, consistent with lifetime of NEOs originating from outer asteroid belt, and are ejected from the solar system due to interactions with other planets or the Sun. Our results have important implications for understanding the population of ISOs in the solar system and possible future detection. We find that about one to a few $50-70$ m sized captured ISOs among NEOs would be detectable by LSST over its lifetime. By detecting and studying captured interstellar objects, we can learn about the properties and origins of such objects, and the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems and even our solar system.
description: 14 pages. 12 figures. New version with updated analysis. Accepted in MNRAS
Fiscal Policy Trends: Analyzing Changes to Alberta's Child Care Subsidy
Creators: name: Buschmann, Rob
name: Fischer-Summers, Jennifer
name: Petit, Gillian
name: Cameron, Anna
name: Tedds, Lindsay
Publisher: name: The School of Public Policy Publications
Year: 2020

description: Following a federal transfer of $45 million this summer, the Alberta government increased the amount of its Child Care Subsidy for the first time since 2008. As a result, most qualifying families will now receive a larger subsidy. However, closer analysis indicates that there are still changes that could be made to provide a better, more equitable system.
description: The School of Public Policy Publications, Vol. 13 (2020)
EEG-based Sleep Staging with Hybrid Attention
Creators: name: Zhou, Xinliang
name: Liu, Chenyu
name: Xiao, Jiaping
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sleep staging is critical for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep disorders. However, capturing both the spatial and temporal relationships within electroencephalogram (EEG) signals during different sleep stages remains challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel framework called the Hybrid Attention EEG Sleep Staging (HASS) Framework. Specifically, we propose a well-designed spatio-temporal attention mechanism to adaptively assign weights to inter-channels and intra-channel EEG segments based on the spatio-temporal relationship of the brain during different sleep stages. Experiment results on the MASS and ISRUC datasets demonstrate that HASS can significantly improve typical sleep staging networks. Our proposed framework alleviates the difficulties of capturing the spatial-temporal relationship of EEG signals during sleep staging and holds promise for improving the accuracy and reliability of sleep assessment in both clinical and research settings.
Truncated hierarchical preconditioning for the stochastic Galerkin FEM
Creators: name: Sousedík, Bedřich
name: Ghanem, Roger G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.3; G.3
subject: 65F08, 65F50

description: Stochastic Galerkin finite element discretizations of partial differential equations with coefficients characterized by arbitrary distributions lead, in general, to fully block dense linear systems. We propose two novel strategies for constructing preconditioners for these systems to be used with Krylov subspace iterative solvers. In particular, we present a variation on of the hierarchical Schur complement preconditioner, developed recently by the authors, and an adaptation of the symmetric block Gauss-Seidel method. Both preconditioners take advantage of the hierarchical structure of global stochastic Galerkin matrices, and also, when applicable, of the decay of the norms of the stiffness matrices obtained from the polynomial chaos expansion of the coefficients. This decay allows to truncate the matrix-vector multiplications in the action of the preconditioners. Also, throughout the global matrix hierarchy, we approximate solves with certain submatrices by the associated diagonal block solves. The preconditioners thus require only a limited number of stiffness matrices obtained from the polynomial chaos expansion of the coefficients, and a preconditioner for the diagonal blocks of the global matrix. The performance is illustrated by numerical experiments.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables
Two-Stream Regression Network for Dental Implant Position Prediction
Creators: name: Yang, Xinquan
name: Li, Xuguang
name: Li, Xuechen
name: Chen, Wenting
name: Shen, Linlin
name: Li, Xin
name: Deng, Yongqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In implant prosthesis treatment, the design of the surgical guide heavily relies on the manual location of the implant position, which is subjective and prone to doctor's experiences. When deep learning based methods has started to be applied to address this problem, the space between teeth are various and some of them might present similar texture characteristic with the actual implant region. Both problems make a big challenge for the implant position prediction. In this paper, we develop a two-stream implant position regression framework (TSIPR), which consists of an implant region detector (IRD) and a multi-scale patch embedding regression network (MSPENet), to address this issue. For the training of IRD, we extend the original annotation to provide additional supervisory information, which contains much more rich characteristic and do not introduce extra labeling costs. A multi-scale patch embedding module is designed for the MSPENet to adaptively extract features from the images with various tooth spacing. The global-local feature interaction block is designed to build the encoder of MSPENet, which combines the transformer and convolution for enriched feature representation. During inference, the RoI mask extracted from the IRD is used to refine the prediction results of the MSPENet. Extensive experiments on a dental implant dataset through five-fold cross-validation demonstrated that the proposed TSIPR achieves superior performance than existing methods.
Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Acoustic Filter at 23.5 GHz with 2.38 dB IL and 18.2% FBW
Creators: name: Barrera, Omar
name: Cho, Sinwoo
name: Matto, Lezli
name: Kramer, Jack
name: Huynh, Kenny
name: Chulukhadze, Vakhtang
name: Chang, Yen-Wei
name: Goorsky, Mark S.
name: Lu, Ruochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work reports an acoustic filter at 23.5 GHz with a low insertion loss (IL) of 2.38 dB and a 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 18.2%, significantly surpassing the state-of-the-art. The device leverages electrically coupled acoustic resonators in 100 nm 128° Y-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO3) piezoelectric thin film, operating in the first-order antisymmetric (A1) mode. A new film stack, namely transferred thin-film LiNbO3 on silicon (Si) substrate with an intermediate amorphous silicon (a-Si) layer, facilitates the record-breaking performance at millimeter-wave (mmWave). The filter features a compact footprint of 0.56 mm2. In this letter, acoustic and EM consideration, along with material characterization with X-ray diffraction and verified with cross-sectional electron microscopy are reported. Upon further development, the reported filter platform can enable various front-end signal-processing functions at mmWave.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures, submitted to IEEE JMEMS
Physics implication from higher weak isospin decomposition
Creators: name: Van Dong, Phung
name: Van Loi, Duong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$ symmetry actually studied is directly broken to the electroweak symmetry $SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_Y$ by a Higgs triplet, predicting a relevant new physics at TeV scale. This work argues, by contrast, that the higher weak isospin $SU(3)_L$ might be broken at a high energy scale, much beyond $1$ TeV, by a Higgs octet to an intermediate symmetry $SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_{T_8}$ at TeV, before the latter $U(1)_{T_8}$ recombined with $U(1)_X$ defines (i.e., broken to) $U(1)_Y$ by a Higgs singlet. The new physics coupled to $SU(3)_L$ breaking phase is decoupled, whereas what remains is a novel family-nonuniversal abelian model, $U(1)_{T_8}\otimes U(1)_X$, significantly overhauling the standard model as well as yielding consistent results for neutrino mass, dark matter, $W$-mass anomaly, and FCNC, differently from the usual 3-3-1 model.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables; Revised version with references added; Published in EPJC
The Rule in the Context of Carmelite Identity Formation: Risking Existence, Establishing Identity
Creators: name: Chandler, Paul Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Carmelites--History
Carmelite Rule
Hermits--Middle Ages, 600-1500

description: The Latin hermits of Mount Carmel received a rule of life from Albert of Vercelli, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, in 1206/14, but its place in their process of identity formation must be understood in the context of their other early traditions, especially about their claimed biblical archetypes, the Prophet Elijah and the Virgin Mary. At a time in the mid-1200s when similar groups were subject to amalgamation, loss of identity, and suppression, the Carmelites clung to this brief document, the shortest of monastic rules, and survived as one of the four medieval mendicant orders.
An End-To-End Analysis of Deep Learning-Based Remaining Useful Life Algorithms for Satefy-Critical 5G-Enabled IIoT Networks
Creators: name: Amorosa, Lorenzo Mario
name: Longhi, Nicolò
name: Cuozzo, Giampaolo
name: Bachan, Weronika Maria
name: Lieti, Valerio
name: Buracchini, Enrico
name: Verdone, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction is a critical task that aims to estimate the amount of time until a system fails, where the latter is formed by three main components, that is, the application, communication network, and RUL logic. In this paper, we provide an end-to-end analysis of an entire RUL-based chain. Specifically, we consider a factory floor where Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) transport dangerous liquids whose fall may cause injuries to workers. Regarding the communication infrastructure, the AGVs are equipped with 5G User Equipments (UEs) that collect real-time data of their movements and send them to an application server. The RUL logic consists of a Deep Learning (DL)-based pipeline that assesses if there will be liquid falls by analyzing the collected data, and, eventually, sending commands to the AGVs to avoid such a danger. According to this scenario, we performed End-to-End 5G NR-compliant network simulations to study the Round-Trip Time (RTT) as a function of the overall system bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, and modulation order. Then, via real-world experiments, we collect data to train, test and compare 7 DL models and 1 baseline threshold-based algorithm in terms of cost and average advance. Finally, we assess whether or not the RTT provided by four different 5G NR network architectures is compatible with the average advance provided by the best-performing one-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN). Numerical results show under which conditions the DL-based approach for RUL estimation matches with the RTT performance provided by different 5G NR network architectures.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. This work has been accepted for publication at IEEE PIMRC 2023
Pion Electroproduction and VCS at the Δ(1232) Resonance Region
Creators: name: Sparveris, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the $γ^* N\rightarrow Δ$ reaction presents the best quantitative method to explore the deviation of hadron shapes from spherical symmetry (nonspherical amplitudes). Significant non-spherical electric (E2) and Coulomb quadrupole (C2) amplitudes have been observed with good precision as a function of $Q^2$ from photon point up to $\approx 7 ~(GeV/c)^2$. Quark model calculations for these quadrupole amplitudes are at least an order of magnitude too small and even have the wrong sign. Lattice QCD, chiral effective field theory, and dynamic model calculations which include the effects of the pion-cloud are in approximate agreement with experiment.
description: To appear in Proceedings, 11th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP 2012), St. Petersburg, Florida, May 29th - June 3rd 2012
MultiTabQA: Generating Tabular Answers for Multi-Table Question Answering
Creators: name: Pal, Vaishali
name: Yates, Andrew
name: Kanoulas, Evangelos
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in tabular question answering (QA) with large language models are constrained in their coverage and only answer questions over a single table. However, real-world queries are complex in nature, often over multiple tables in a relational database or web page. Single table questions do not involve common table operations such as set operations, Cartesian products (joins), or nested queries. Furthermore, multi-table operations often result in a tabular output, which necessitates table generation capabilities of tabular QA models. To fill this gap, we propose a new task of answering questions over multiple tables. Our model, MultiTabQA, not only answers questions over multiple tables, but also generalizes to generate tabular answers. To enable effective training, we build a pre-training dataset comprising of 132,645 SQL queries and tabular answers. Further, we evaluate the generated tables by introducing table-specific metrics of varying strictness assessing various levels of granularity of the table structure. MultiTabQA outperforms state-of-the-art single table QA models adapted to a multi-table QA setting by finetuning on three datasets: Spider, Atis and GeoQuery.
description: Accepted at ACL-2023
Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Acoustic Resonator with High Q of 237 and k2 of 5.1% at 50.74 GHz
Creators: name: Kramer, Jack
name: Chulukhadze, Vakhtang
name: Huynh, Kenny
name: Barrera, Omar
name: Liao, Michael
name: Cho, Sinwoo
name: Matto, Lezli
name: Goorsky, Mark S.
name: Lu, Ruochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work reports a 50.74 GHz lithium niobate (LiNbO3) acoustic resonator with a high quality factor (Q) of 237 and an electromechanical coupling (k2) of 5.17% resulting in a figure of merit (FoM, Q x k2) of 12.2. The LiNbO3 resonator employs a novel bilayer periodically poled piezoelectric film (P3F) 128 Y-cut LiNbO3 on amorphous silicon (a-Si) on sapphire stack to achieve low losses and high coupling at millimeter wave (mm-wave). The device also shows a Q of 159, k2 of 65.06%, and FoM of 103.4 for the 16.99 GHz tone. This result shows promising prospects of P3F LiNbO3 towards mm-wave front-end filters.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, published in 2023 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium & European Frequency and Time Forum (IEEE IFCS 2023)
Breakup corrections to spin asymmetries in the $^3$He beam polarization measurements with the Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target
Creators: name: Poblaguev, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The requirements for hadron polarimetry at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) include measurements of the absolute helion ($^3$He, $h$) beam polarization with systematic uncertainties better than $σ^\text{syst}_P/P\le1\%$. Recently, it was proposed that the Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target (HJET) be utilized for the precision measurement of the polarization of the $\approx100~\text{GeV/n}$ helion beam. At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, HJET serves to determine the absolute proton beam polarization with low systematic uncertainties of about $δ^\text{syst}P/P\lesssim0.5\%$. To adapt the HJET method for the EIC helion beam, the experimentally determined ratio of the beam and target (jet) spin-correlated asymmetries should be adjusted by the ratio of $p^\uparrow{h}$ and $h^\uparrow{p}$ analyzing powers. A potential problem with the suggested method is that the breakup of $^3$He in polarization measurements could drastically affect the analyzing power ratio. However, an analysis of the breakup corrections, presented in this paper, reveals that while these corrections can be as substantial as $\approx4\%$, the effect cancels out to a negligible level in the measured beam polarization.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2303.00677
Compressive Sampling for Remote Control Systems
Creators: name: Nagahara, Masaaki
name: Matsuda, Takahiro
name: Hayashi, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In remote control, efficient compression or representation of control signals is essential to send them through rate-limited channels. For this purpose, we propose an approach of sparse control signal representation using the compressive sampling technique. The problem of obtaining sparse representation is formulated by cardinality-constrained L2 optimization of the control performance, which is reducible to L1-L2 optimization. The low rate random sampling employed in the proposed method based on the compressive sampling, in addition to the fact that the L1-L2 optimization can be effectively solved by a fast iteration method, enables us to generate the sparse control signal with reduced computational complexity, which is preferable in remote control systems where computation delays seriously degrade the performance. We give a theoretical result for control performance analysis based on the notion of restricted isometry property (RIP). An example is shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach via numerical experiments.
Learning Hierarchical Interactive Multi-Object Search for Mobile Manipulation
Creators: name: Schmalstieg, Fabian
name: Honerkamp, Daniel
name: Welschehold, Tim
name: Valada, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing object-search approaches enable robots to search through free pathways, however, robots operating in unstructured human-centered environments frequently also have to manipulate the environment to their needs. In this work, we introduce a novel interactive multi-object search task in which a robot has to open doors to navigate rooms and search inside cabinets and drawers to find target objects. These new challenges require combining manipulation and navigation skills in unexplored environments. We present HIMOS, a hierarchical reinforcement learning approach that learns to compose exploration, navigation, and manipulation skills. To achieve this, we design an abstract high-level action space around a semantic map memory and leverage the explored environment as instance navigation points. We perform extensive experiments in simulation and the real world that demonstrate that, with accurate perception, the decision making of HIMOS effectively transfers to new environments in a zero-shot manner. It shows robustness to unseen subpolicies, failures in their execution, and different robot kinematics. These capabilities open the door to a wide range of downstream tasks across embodied AI and real-world use cases.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in RA-L. Code and Models: http://himos.cs.uni-freiburg.de/
Geometric constructions on the algebra of densities
Creators: name: Khudaverdian, H. M.
name: Voronov, Th. Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The algebra of densities $\Den(M)$ is a commutative algebra canonically associated with a given manifold or supermanifold $M$. We introduced this algebra earlier in connection with our studies of Batalin--Vilkovisky geometry. The algebra $\Den(M)$ is graded by real numbers and possesses a natural invariant scalar product. This leads to important geometric consequences and applications to geometric constructions on the original manifold. In particular, there is a classification theorem for derivations of the algebra $\Den(M)$. It allows a natural definition of bracket operations on vector densities of various weights on a (super)manifold $M$, similar to how the classical Frölicher--Nijenhuis theorem on derivations of the algebra of differential forms leads to the Nijenhuis bracket. It is possible to extend this classification from "vector fields" (derivations) on $\Den(M)$ to "multivector fields". This leads to the striking result that an arbitrary even Poisson structure on $M$ possesses a canonical lifting to the algebra of densities. (The latter two statements were obtained by our student A.Biggs.) This is in sharp contrast with the previously studied case of an odd Poisson structure, where extra data are required for such a lifting.
description: LaTeX, 23 pp
A hybrid time-frequency parametric modelling of medical ultrasound signal transmission
Creators: name: Razzetta, Chiara
name: Candiani, Valentina
name: Crocco, Marco
name: Benvenuto, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92C55, 94A08, 68U10, 94A12

description: Medical ultrasound imaging is the most widespread real-time non-invasive imaging system and its formulation comprises signal transmission, signal reception, and image formation. Ultrasound signal transmission modelling has been formalized over the years through different approaches by exploiting the physics of the associated wave problem. This work proposes a novel computational framework for modelling the ultrasound signal transmission step in the time-frequency domain for a linear-array probe. More specifically, from the impulse response theory defined in the time domain, we derived a parametric model in the corresponding frequency domain, with appropriate approximations for the narrowband case. To validate the model, we implemented a numerical simulator and tested it with synthetic data. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed model is computationally feasible, efficient, and compatible with realistic measurements and existing state-of-the-art simulators. The formulated model can be employed for analyzing how the involved parameters affect the generated beam pattern, and ultimately for optimizing measurement settings in an automatic and systematic way.
Major Substructure in the M31 Outer Halo: the South-West Cloud
Creators: name: Bate, N. F.
name: Conn, A. R.
name: McMonigal, B.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: Martin, N. F.
name: McConnachie, A. W.
name: Veljanoski, J.
name: Mackey, A. D.
name: Ferguson, A. M. N.
name: Ibata, R. A.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Fardal, M.
name: Huxor, A. P.
name: Babul, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertake the first detailed analysis of the stellar population and spatial properties of a diffuse substructure in the outer halo of M31. The South-West Cloud lies at a projected distance of ~100 kpc from the centre of M31, and extends for at least ~50 kpc in projection. We use Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey photometry of red giant branch stars to determine a distance to the South-West Cloud of 793 +/- 45 kpc. The metallicity of the cloud is found to be [Fe/H] = -1.3 +/- 0.1. This is consistent with the coincident globular clusters PAndAS-7 and PAndAS-8, which have metallicities determined using an independent technique of [Fe/H] = -1.35 +/- 0.15. We measure a brightness for the Cloud of M_V = -12.1 mag; this is ~75 per cent of the luminosity implied by the luminosity-metallicity relation. Under the assumption that the South-West Cloud is the visible remnant of an accreted dwarf satellite, this suggests that the progenitor object was amongst M31's brightest dwarf galaxies prior to disruption.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Edge state behavior in a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger like model with periodically modulated hopping
Creators: name: Kar, Satyaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model is one of the simplest models to show topological end/edge states and the existence of Majorana fermions. Here we consider a SSH like model both in one and two dimensions where a nearest neighbor hopping features spatially periodic modulations. In the 1D chain, we witness appearance of new in-gap end states apart from a pair of Majorana zero modes (MZM) when the hopping periodicity go beyond two lattice spacings. The pair of MZMs, that appear in the topological regime, characterise the end modes each existing in either end of the chain. These, however, crossover to both-end end modes for small hopping modulation strength in a finite chain. Contrarily in a 2D SSH model with symmetric hopping that we consider, both non-zero and zero energy topological states appear in a finite square lattice even with a simple staggered hopping, though the zero energy modes disappear in a ribbon configuration. Apart from edge modes, the 2D system also features corner modes as well as modes with satellite peaks distributed non-randomly within the lattice. In both the dimensions, an increase in the periodicity of hopping modulation causes the zero energy Majorana modes to become available for either sign of the modulation. But interestingly with different periodicity for hopping modulations in the two directions, the zero energy modes in a 2D model become rarer and does not appear for all strength and sign of the modulation.
description: check the DOI for the published version
Position and Spin Control by Dynamical Ultrastrong Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Echeverria-Arrondo, C.
name: Sherman, E. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Focusing on the efficient probe and manipulation of single-particle spin states, we investigate the coupled spin and orbital dynamics of a spin 1/2 particle in a harmonic potential subject to ultrastrong spin-orbit interaction and external magnetic field. The advantage of these systems is the clear visualization of the strong spin-orbit coupling in the orbital dynamics. We also investigate the effect of a time-dependent coupling: Its nonadiabatic change causes an interesting interplay of spin and orbital motion which is related to the direction and magnitude of the applied magnetic field. This result suggests that orbital state manipulation can be realized through ultrastrong spin-orbit interactions, becoming a useful tool for handling entangled spin and orbital degrees of freedom to produce, for example, spin desirable polarizations in time interesting for spintronics implementations.
description: 6 figures
Quenching to unitarity: Quantum dynamics in a 3D Bose gas
Creators: name: Sykes, A. G.
name: Corson, J. P.
name: D'Incao, J. P.
name: Koller, A. P.
name: Greene, C. H.
name: Rey, A. M.
name: Hazzard, K. R. A.
name: Bohn, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a dilute Bose gas at zero temperature following a sudden quench of the scattering length from a noninteracting Bose condensate to unitarity (infinite scattering length). We apply three complementary approaches to understand the momentum distribution and loss rates. First, using a time-dependent variational ansatz for the many-body state, we calculate the dynamics of the momentum distribution. Second, we demonstrate that, at short times and large momenta compared to those set by the density, the physics can be well understood within a simple, analytic two-body model. We derive a quantitative prediction for the evolution of Tan's contact, which increases linearly at short times. We also study the three-body losses at finite densities. Consistent with experiments, we observe lifetimes which are long compared to the dynamics of large momentum modes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Sources and Continuities of Ethno-religious Nationalism in the Western Balkans.pdf
Creators: name: Kalemaj, Ilir
name: Lleshi, Sokol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ethnic Studies
subject: 210307 European History (excl. British, Classical Greek and Roman)
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160806 Social Theory
subject: 169999 Studies in Human Society not elsewhere classified

description: Processes of nation-building are usually a historical consequence of social and political modernization. The Western Balkans, being at the semi-periphery of Europe, have had an ambiguous experience with modernization, trying on the one hand, to emulate the European civilization's model of social and political transformation, and on the other hand, being torn by ethno-nationalist sentiments and movements. Contrary to the transformation of the initial ethno-nationalist mobilizations into cohesive imagined communities of citizens seceding from Empires, which have dominated for centuries the region of Eastern Europe, the Western Balkans region has had a recurring pattern of ethno-religious nationalist mobilization and ideology long after the formation of the Balkan nation-states in the nineteenth century. This chapter provides an overview of the debate in the literature regarding the sources of ethno-religious nationalism in the Western Balkans arguing in favor of structural and institutional explanations.
Book Chapter in The Challenges of Democratization and Reconciliation in the Post-Yugoslav Space. Nomos Verlag. 2020
Room temperature Bloch surface wave polaritons
Creators: name: Lerario, Giovanni
name: Cannavale, Alessandro
name: Ballarini, Dario
name: Dominici, Lorenzo
name: De Giorgi, Milena
name: Liscidini, Marco
name: Gerace, Dario
name: Sanvitto, Daniele
name: Gigli, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polaritons are hybrid light-matter quasi-particles that have gathered a significant attention for their capability to show room temperature and out-of-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation. More recently, a novel class of ultrafast optical devices have been realized by using flows of polariton fluids, such as switches, interferometers and logical gates. However, polariton lifetimes and propagation distance are strongly limited by photon losses and accessible in-plane momenta in usual microcavity samples. In this work, we show experimental evidence of the formation of room temperature propagating polariton states arising from the strong coupling between organic excitons and a Bloch surface wave. This result, which was only recently predicted, paves the way for the realization of polariton devices that could allow lossless propagation up to macroscopic distances.
On the algebraic area of cubic lattice walks
Creators: name: Gan, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain an explicit formula to enumerate closed random walks on a cubic lattice with a specified length and 3D algebraic area. The 3D algebraic area is defined as the sum of algebraic areas obtained from the walk's projection onto the three Cartesian planes. This enumeration formula can be mapped onto the cluster coefficients of three types of particles that obey quantum exclusion statistics with statistical parameters $g=1$, $g=1$, and $g=2$, respectively, subject to the constraint that the numbers of $g=1$ (fermions) exclusion particles of two types are equal.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, comments welcome
Comparing various regression methods on ensemble strategies in differential evolution
Creators: name: Fister, Iztok
name: Fister, Iztok
name: Brest, Janez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differential evolution possesses a multitude of various strategies for generating new trial solutions. Unfortunately, the best strategy is not known in advance. Moreover, this strategy usually depends on the problem to be solved. This paper suggests using various regression methods (like random forest, extremely randomized trees, gradient boosting, decision trees, and a generalized linear model) on ensemble strategies in differential evolution algorithm by predicting the best differential evolution strategy during the run. Comparing the preliminary results of this algorithm by optimizing a suite of five well-known functions from literature, it was shown that using the random forest regression method substantially outperformed the results of the other regression methods.
DiffDP: Radiotherapy Dose Prediction via a Diffusion Model
Creators: name: Feng, Zhenghao
name: Wen, Lu
name: Wang, Peng
name: Yan, Binyu
name: Wu, Xi
name: Zhou, Jiliu
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently, deep learning (DL) has achieved the automatic prediction of dose distribution in radiotherapy planning, enhancing its efficiency and quality. However, existing methods suffer from the over-smoothing problem for their commonly used L_1 or L_2 loss with posterior average calculations. To alleviate this limitation, we innovatively introduce a diffusion-based dose prediction (DiffDP) model for predicting the radiotherapy dose distribution of cancer patients. Specifically, the DiffDP model contains a forward process and a reverse process. In the forward process, DiffDP gradually transforms dose distribution maps into Gaussian noise by adding small noise and trains a noise predictor to predict the noise added in each timestep. In the reverse process, it removes the noise from the original Gaussian noise in multiple steps with the well-trained noise predictor and finally outputs the predicted dose distribution map. To ensure the accuracy of the prediction, we further design a structure encoder to extract anatomical information from patient anatomy images and enable the noise predictor to be aware of the dose constraints within several essential organs, i.e., the planning target volume and organs at risk. Extensive experiments on an in-house dataset with 130 rectum cancer patients demonstrate the s
description: to be published in MICCAI 2023
On the general nature of 21cm-Lyman-$α$ emitters cross-correlations during reionisation
Creators: name: Hutter, Anne
name: Heneka, Caroline
name: Dayal, Pratika
name: Gottlöber, Stefan
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Trebitsch, Maxime
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore how the characteristics of the cross-correlation functions between the 21cm emission from the spin-flip transition of neutral hydrogen (HI) and early Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) radiation emitting galaxies (Ly$α$ emitters, LAEs) depend on the reionisation history and topology and the simulated volume. For this purpose, we develop an analytic expression for the 21cm-LAE cross-correlation function and compare it to results derived from different Astraeus and 21cmFAST reionisation simulations covering a physically plausible range of scenarios where either low-mass ($<10^{9.5}M_\odot$) or massive ($>10^{9.5}M_\odot$) galaxies drive reionisation. Our key findings are: (i) the negative small-scale ($<2$ cMpc) cross-correlation amplitude scales with the intergalactic medium's (IGM) average HI fraction ($\langleχ_\mathrm{HI}\rangle$) and spin-temperature weighted overdensity in neutral regions ($\langle1+δ\rangle_\mathrm{HI}$); (ii) the inversion point of the cross-correlation function traces the peak of the size distribution of ionised regions around LAEs; (iii) the cross-correlation amplitude at small scales is sensitive to the reionisation topology, with its anti-correlation or correlation decreasing the stronger the ionising emissivity of the underlying galaxy population is correlated to the cosmic web gas distribution (i.e. the more low-mass galaxies drive reionisation); (iv) the required simulation volume to not underpredict the 21cm-LAE anti-correlation amplitude when the cross-correlation is derived via the cross-power spectrum rises as the size of ionised regions and their variance increases. Our analytic expression can serve two purposes: to test whether simulation volumes are sufficiently large, and to act as a fitting function when cross-correlating future 21cm signal Square Kilometre Array and LAE galaxy observations.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cognitive performance in open-plan office acoustic simulations: Effects of room acoustics and semantics but not spatial separation of sound sources
Creators: name: Yadav, Manuj
name: Georgi, Markus
name: Leist, Larissa
name: Klatte, Maria
name: Schlittmeier, Sabine J.
name: Fels, Janina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The irrelevant sound effect (ISE) characterizes short-term memory performance impairment during irrelevant sounds relative to quiet. Irrelevant sound presentation in most laboratory-based ISE studies has been rather limited to represent complex scenarios including open-plan offices (OPOs) and not many studies have considered serial recall of heard information. This paper investigates ISE using an auditory-verbal serial recall task, wherein performance was evaluated for relevant factors in simulating OPO acoustics: the irrelevant sounds including the semanticity of speech, reproduction methods over headphones, and room acoustics. Results (Experiments 1 and 2) show that ISE was exhibited in most conditions with anechoic (irrelevant) nonspeech sounds with/without speech, but the effect was substantially higher with meaningful speech compared to foreign speech, suggesting a semantic effect. Performance differences in conditions with diotic and binaural reproductions were not statistically robust, suggesting limited role of spatial separation of sources. In Experiment 3, statistically robust ISE were exhibited for binaural room acoustic conditions with mid-frequency reverberation times, T30 (s) = 0.4, 0.8, 1.1, suggesting cognitive impairment regardless of sound absorption representative of OPOs. Performance differences in T30 = 0.4 s relative to T30 = 0.8 and 1.1 s conditions were statistically robust. This emphasizes the benefits for cognitive performance with increased sound absorption, reinforcing extant room acoustic design recommendations. Performance differences in T30 = 0.8 s vs. 1.1 s were not statistically robust. Collectively, these results suggest that certain findings from ISE studies with idiosyncratic acoustics may not translate well to complex OPO acoustic environments.
Continuum field theory of 3D topological orders with emergent fermions and braiding statistics
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhi-Feng
name: Wang, Qing-Rui
name: Ye, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Universal topological data of topologically ordered phases can be captured by topological quantum field theory in continuous space time by taking the limit of low energies and long wavelengths. While previous continuum field-theoretical studies of topological orders in $3$D real space focus on either self-statistics, braiding statistics, shrinking rules, fusion rules or quantum dimensions, it is yet to systematically put all topological data together in a unified continuum field-theoretical framework. Here, we construct the topological $BF$ field theory with twisted terms (e.g., $AAdA$ and $AAB$) as well as a $K$-matrix $BB$ term, in order to simultaneously explore all such topological data and reach anomaly-free topological orders. Following the spirit of the famous $K$-matrix Chern-Simons theory of $2$D topological orders, we present general formulas and systematically show how the $K$-matrix $BB$ term confines topological excitations, and how self-statistics of particles is transmuted between bosonic one and fermionic one. In order to reach anomaly-free topological orders, we explore, within the present continuum field-theoretical framework, how the principle of gauge invariance fundamentally influences possible realizations of topological data. More concretely, we present the topological actions of (i) particle-loop braidings with emergent fermions, (ii) multiloop braidings with emergent fermions, and (iii) Borromean-Rings braidings with emergent fermions, and calculate their universal topological data. Together with the previous efforts, our work paves the way toward a more systematic and complete continuum field-theoretical analysis of exotic topological properties of $3$D topological orders. Several interesting future directions are also discussed.
Coronal influence on dynamos
Creators: name: Warnecke, Jörn
name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on turbulent dynamo simulations in a spherical wedge with an outer coronal layer. We apply a two-layer model where the lower layer represents the convection zone and the upper layer the solar corona. This setup is used to study the coronal influence on the dynamo action beneath the surface. Increasing the radial coronal extent gradually to three times the solar radius and changing the magnetic Reynolds number, we find that dynamo action benefits from the additional coronal extent in terms of higher magnetic energy in the saturated stage. The flux of magnetic helicity can play an important role in this context.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, To appear in proceedings of IAUS 302: Magnetic fields throughout stellar evolution (August 2013, Biarritz, France)