cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observing the optical modes of parametric instability
Creators: name: Schiworski, Mitchell
name: Bossilkov, Vladimir
name: Blair, Carl
name: Brown, Daniel
name: Jones, Aaron
name: Ottaway, David
name: Zhao, Chunnong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parametric Instability (PI) is a phenomenon that results from resonant interactions between optical and acoustic modes of a laser cavity. This is problematic in gravitational wave interferometers where the high intra-cavity power and low mechanical loss mirror suspension systems create an environment where three mode PI will occur without intervention. We demonstrate a technique for real time imaging of the amplitude and phase of the optical modes of PI yielding the first ever images of this phenomenon which could form part of active control strategies for future detectors.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Pre-submission version
Emission factors of fine particulate matter, organic and elemental carbon, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide for four solid fuels commonly used in residential heating by the Navajo Nation
Creators: name: Champion, Wyatt M.
name: Connors, Lea
name: Montoya, Lupita D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Most homes in the Navajo Nation use wood as their primary heating fuel, often in combination with locally mined coal. Previous studies observed health effects linked to this solid-fuel use in several Navajo communities. Emission factors (EFs) for common fuels used by the Navajo have not been reported using a relevant stove type. In this study, two softwoods (ponderosa pine and Utah juniper) and two high-volatile bituminous coals (Black Mesa and Fruitland) were tested with an in-use residential conventional wood stove (homestove) using a modified American Society for Testing and Materials/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (ASTM/EPA) protocol. Filter sampling quantified PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) and organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon in the emissions. Real-time monitoring quantified carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and total suspended particles (TSP). EFs for these air pollutants were developed and normalized to both fuel mass and energy consumed. In general, coal had significantly higher mass EFs than wood for all pollutants studied. In particular, coal emitted, on average, 10 times more PM2.5 than wood on a mass basis, and 2.4 times more on an energy basis. The EFs developed here were based on fuel types, stove design, and operating protocols relevant to the Navajo Nation, but they could be useful to other Native Nations with similar practices, such as the nearby Hopi Nation. Implications: Indoor wood and coal combustion is an important contributor to public health burdens in the Navajo Nation. Currently, there exist no emission factors representative of Navajo homestoves, fuels, and practices. This study developed emission factors for PM2.5, OC, EC, CO, and CO2 using a representative Navajo homestove. These emission factors may be utilized in regional-, national-, and global-scale health and environmental models. Additionally, the protocols developed and results presented here may inform on-going stove design of the first EPA-certified wood and coal combination stove.
V456 Cyg: An eclipsing binary with tidally perturbed g-mode pulsations
Creators: name: Van Reeth, T.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Van Beeck, J.
name: Bowman, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Many well-known bright stars have been observed by the ongoing Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) space mission. For several of them, these new data reveal previously unobserved variability, such as tidally perturbed pulsations in close binary stars. Aims. Using newly detected gravity-mode (g-mode) pulsations in V456 Cyg, we aim to determine the global stellar properties of this short-period eclipsing binary and evaluate the interaction between these pulsations and the tides. Methods. We model the binary orbit and determine the physical properties of the component stars using the TESS photometry and published spectroscopy. We then measure the pulsation frequencies from the residuals of the light curve fit using iterative prewhitening, and analyse them to determine the global asteroseismic stellar parameters. We evaluate the pulsation parameters as a function of the orbital phase. Results. We find that the pulsations belong to the secondary component of V456 Cyg and that this star likely has a uniform radial rotation profile, synchronous ($ν_{\rm rot} = 1.113(14) \rm d^{-1}$) with the binary orbit ($ν_{\rm orb} = 1.122091(8) \rm d^{-1}$). The observed g modes are amplified by almost a factor three in the stellar hemisphere facing the primary. We present evidence that this is caused by tidal perturbation of the pulsations, with the mode coupling being strongly affected. Conclusions. V456 Cyg is only the second object for which tidally perturbed high-order g-mode pulsations are identified, after $π^5$ Ori. This opens up new opportunities for tidal g-mode asteroseismology, as it demonstrates another avenue in which g modes and tides can interact with each other.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics on 12 January 2022
A short pre-history of Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Deser, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe the early, from the nineteen sixties, history of attempts at quantizing General Relativity.
Van der Waals shock polars with multiple or supersonic critical points
Creators: name: Elling, Volker W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76L05, 35L67

description: It is shown that the $γ$-van der Waals equation of state (eos) permits shock polars with supersonic critical points, corresponding to critical or strong-type shock reflections that are supersonic, which is not possible for ideal gas. It is also shown that general van der Waals eos permit polars with multiple critical points, corresponding to four or more reflected shocks for same deflection angle. Of these reflected shocks at least two are weak-type, i.e.\ deflection angle increasing with increasing shock strength, so that standard literature has no criteria to select one of the two. Both phenomena can be found with Hugoniot curves entirely in the region of convex and thermodynamically stable eos, avoiding the coexistence region and satisfying various shock stability criteria.
Efficient PEG-mediated green synthesis of isoaurones: First synthesis of 4′,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoaurone isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii
Creators: name: Somepalli Venkateswarlu
name: Gandrotu Narasimha Murty
name: Meka Satyanarayana
name: Vidavalur Siddaiah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: An efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of isoaurones by condensation of benzofuranone with benzaldehydes using polyethylene glycol (PEG) is demonstrated. Excellent yields, no reagents/additional catalysts, E-selectivity, short reaction times, and no work-up/extraction makes an attractive benign procedure. Additionally, 4′,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoaurone isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii has been synthesized for the first time and confirmed its geometry as E.
Out-of-time-order correlator in the quantum Rabi model
Creators: name: Kirkova, Aleksandrina V.
name: Porras, Diego
name: Ivanov, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate signatures of chaos and equilibration in the quantum Rabi model, which exhibits a quantum phase transition when the ratio of the atomic level-splitting to bosonic frequency grows to infinity. We show that out-of-time-order correlator derived from the Loschmidt echo signal quickly saturates in the normal phase and reveals exponential growth in the superradiant phase which is associated with the onset of quantum chaos. Furthermore, we show that the effective time-averaged dimension of the quantum Rabi system can be large compared to the spin system size which leads to suppression of the temporal fluctuations and equilibration of the spin system.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Unusual product from the acid-catalyzed one-pot, multicomponent reaction of thiocarbohydrazide, aldehydes, and phenacyl bromides
Creators: name: Mohanad Shkoor
name: Ayahtallah Al-Abade
name: Aleteiwib, Ibtesam
name: Al-Talib, Mahmoud
name: Tashtoush, Hasan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: A one-pot, three-component protocol for the synthesis of novel five-membered thiazole ring bonded to two hydrazone motifs is described. The acid-catalyzed reaction of one equivalent of thiocarbohydrazide, two equivalents of aromatic aldehydes, and one equivalent of phenacyl bromides afforded the five-membered thiazole ring. The reactions proceed with novel chemoselectivity. Similar reported protocols have always afforded 1,3,4-thiadiazines.
Facile, eco-friendly, one-pot protocol for the synthesis of indole-imidazole derivatives catalyzed by amino acids
Creators: name: Naureen, Sadia
name: Ijaz, Fatima
name: Areesha Nazeer
name: Faryal Chaudhry
name: Munawar, Munawar Ali
name: Misbahul Ain Khan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An efficient, convenient green approach for the synthesis of indole-based 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles by multicomponent reaction of substituted 2-arylindole-3-carbaldehydes, benzil, substituted anilines, and ammonium acetate using catalytic amino acid (glycine) in ethanol is described. Several amino acids have also been evaluated as organic catalysts for these reactions. The structures of the compounds have been established on the basis of infrared, mass, and 1H NMR spectral data. The mild reaction conditions, inexpensive/economical reagents, and good yield show the usefulness of this approach.
Study of Goldstone Inflation in the domain of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Khan, Hussain Ahmed
name: Yogesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing the inflationary epoch driven by a pseudo-Nambu Goldstone boson (pNGB) could ensure the coveted flatness, and the sub-Planckian scales related to the dynamics of the paradigm. In this work, we have taken the most general form of such a scenario: Goldstone inflation proposed in \cite{croon}, and studied the model in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Natural inflation is a limiting case of this model, is also studied here. The specific form of the EGB coupling gives ample opportunity to study the rich phenomenology associated with inflation as well as the reheating epoch. Predicted values of the inflationary observables, tensor to scalar ratio ($r$), and spectral index ($n_s$) are in good agreement with the recent observations from $Planck'18$ \cite{Planck2018}. Thus, in the framework of EGB one can resurrect the model, which otherwise needs quite a bit of fine tuning or diversion from the canonical domain as studied in \cite{Bhattacharya:2018xlw}, to survive in the standard cold inflationary scenario. Finally, the era of reheating is studied for different choice of model parameters.
description: 21 Pages, 5 Figures
Assessment of hydrocarbon degradation potentials in a plant–microbe interaction system with oil sludge contamination: A sustainable solution
Creators: name: Dhote, Monika
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Jajoo, Anjana
name: Juwarkar, Asha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A pot culture experiment was conducted for 90 days for the evaluation of oil and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation in vegetated and non-vegetated treatments of real-field oil-sludge-contaminated soil. Five different treatments include (T1) control, 2% oil-sludge-contaminated soil; (T2), augmentation of microbial consortium; (T3), Vertiveria zizanioides; (T4), bio-augmentation along with V. zizanioides; and (T5), bio-augmentation with V. zizanioides and bulking agent. During the study, oil reduction, TPH, and degradation of its fractions were determined. Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of soil were also monitored simultaneously. At the end of the experimental period, oil content (85%) was reduced maximally in bio-augmented rhizospheric treatments (T4 and T5) as compared to control (27%). TPH reduction was observed to be 88 and 89% in bio-augmented rhizospheric soil (T4 and T5 treatments), whereas in non-rhizospheric and control (T2 and T1), TPH reduction was 78 and 37%, respectively. Degradation of aromatic fraction after 90 days in bio-augmented rhizosphere of treatments T4 and T5 was found to 91 and 92%, respectively. In microbial (T2) and Vertiveria treatments (T3), degradation of aromatic fraction was 83 and 68%, respectively. A threefold increase in soil dehydrogenase activity and noticeable changes in organic carbon content and water-holding capacity were also observed which indicated maximum degradation of oil and its fractions in combined treatment of plants and microbes. It is concluded that the plant–microbe soil system helps to restore soil quality and can be used as an effective tool for the remediation of oil-sludge-contaminated sites.
Intensity and Polarization Characteristics of Extended Neutron Star Surface Regions
Creators: name: Hu, Kun
name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Barchas, Joseph A.
name: Younes, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surfaces of neutron stars are sources of strongly polarized soft X rays due to the presence of strong magnetic fields. Radiative transfer mediated by electron scattering and free-free absorption is central to defining local surface anisotropy and polarization signatures. Scattering transport is strongly influenced by the complicated interplay between linear and circular polarizations. This complexity has been captured in a sophisticated magnetic Thomson scattering simulation we recently developed to model the outer layers of fully-ionized atmospheres in such compact objects, heretofore focusing on case studies of localized surface regions. Yet, the interpretation of observed intensity pulse profiles and their efficacy in constraining key neutron star geometry parameters is critically dependent upon adding up emission from extended surface regions. In this paper, intensity, anisotropy and polarization characteristics from such extended atmospheres, spanning considerable ranges of magnetic colatitudes, are determined using our transport simulation. These constitute a convolution of varied properties of Stokes parameter information at disparate surface locales with different magnetic field strengths and directions relative to the local zenith. Our analysis includes full general relativistic propagation of light from the surface to an observer at infinity. The array of pulse profiles for intensity and polarization presented highlights how powerful probes of stellar geometry are possible. Significant phase-resolved polarization degrees in the range of 10-60% are realized when summing over a variety of surface field directions. These results provide an important background for observations to be acquired by NASA's new IXPE X-ray polarimetry mission.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
An analytical approach to compute conductivity of p-wave holographic superconductors
Creators: name: Pal, Suchetana
name: Parai, Diganta
name: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we have analytically deduced the frequency dependent expression of conductivity and the band gap energy in $AdS_{4}$ Schwarzschild background for p-wave holographic superconductors considering Einstein-Yang-Mills theory. We also used the self consistent approach to obtain the expressions of conductivity for different frequency ranges at low temperature. We then compared the imaginary part of conductivity at low frequency region. The band gap energy obtained from these two methods seem to agree very well.
description: 19 pages single column, 5 figures
An efficient PEG mediated green synthesis of isoaurones: First synthesis of 4’,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoaurone isolated from trichosanthes kirilowii
Creators: name: Somepalli Venkateswarlu
name: Gandrotu Narasimha Murty
name: Meka Satyanarayana
name: Vidavalur Siddaiah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: An efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of isoaurones by condensation of benzofuranone with benzaldehydes using polyethylene glycol (PEG) is demonstrated. Excellent yields, no reagents/additional catalysts, E-selectivity, short reaction times and no work-up/extraction makes an attractive benign procedure. Additionally, 4’,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoaureone isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii has been synthesized for the first time and confirmed its geometry as E.
A model of conflict and leadership: Is there a hawkish drift in politics?
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Siddhartha
name: Chattopadhyay, Amit K
name: Oak, Mandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze conflict between a citizenry and an insurgent group over a fixed resource such as land. The citizenry has an elected leader who proposes a division such that, the lower the land ceded to the insurgents, the higher the cost of conflict. Leaders differ in ability and ideology such that the higher the leader's ability, the lower the cost of conflict, and the more hawkish the leader, the higher his utility from retaining land. We show that the conflict arises from the political process with re-election motives causing leaders to choose to cede too little land to signal their ability. We also show that when the rents of office are high, the political equilibrium and the second best diverge; in particular, the policy under the political equilibrium is more hawkish compared to the second best. When both ideology and ability are unknown, we provide a plausible condition under which the probability of re-election increases in the leader's hawkishness, thereby providing an explanation for why hawkish politicians may have a natural advantage under the electoral process.
description: 2 figures, 1 table, accepted in PLOS One
Efficient emulation of relativistic heavy ion collisions with transfer learning
Creators: name: Liyanage, Dananjaya
name: Ji, Yi
name: Everett, Derek
name: Heffernan, Matthew
name: Heinz, Ulrich
name: Mak, Simon
name: Paquet, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) can be used to study the properties of quark-gluon plasma. Systematic constraints on these properties must combine measurements from different collision systems and methodically account for experimental and theoretical uncertainties. Such studies require a vast number of costly numerical simulations. While computationally inexpensive surrogate models ("emulators") can be used to efficiently approximate the predictions of heavy ion simulations across a broad range of model parameters, training a reliable emulator remains a computationally expensive task. We use transfer learning to map the parameter dependencies of one model emulator onto another, leveraging similarities between different simulations of heavy ion collisions. By limiting the need for large numbers of simulations to only one of the emulators, this technique reduces the numerical cost of comprehensive uncertainty quantification when studying multiple collision systems and exploring different models.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, journal article
Critical parameters of the synchronisation's stability for coupled maps in regular graphs
Creators: name: Gancio, Juan
name: Rubido, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled Map Lattice (CML) models are particularly suitable to study spatially extended behaviours, such as wave-like patterns, spatio-temporal chaos, and synchronisation. Complete synchronisation in CMLs emerges when all maps have their state variables with equal magnitude, forming a spatially-uniform pattern that evolves in time. Here, we derive critical values for the parameters -- coupling strength, maximum Lyapunov exponent, and link density -- that control the synchronisation-manifold's linear stability of diffusively-coupled, identical, chaotic maps in generic regular graphs (i.e., graphs with uniform node degrees) and class-specific cyclic graphs (i.e., periodic lattices with cyclical node permutation symmetries). Our derivations are based on the Laplacian matrix eigenvalues, where we give closed-form expressions for the smallest non-zero eigenvalue and largest eigenvalue of regular graphs and show that these graphs can be classified into two sets according to a topological condition (derived from the stability analysis). We also make derivations for two classes of cyclic graph: $k$-cycles (i.e., regular lattices of even degree $k$, which can be embedded in $T^k$ tori) and $k$-Möbius ladders, which we introduce here to generalise the Möbius ladder of degree $k = 3$. Our results highlight differences in the synchronisation manifold's stability of these graphs -- even for identical node degrees -- in the finite size and infinite size limit.
description: 12 pages (without Appendix), 5 figures
Self-diffusiophoresis of Janus particles that release ions
Creators: name: Asmolov, Evgeny S.
name: Nizkaya, Tatiana V.
name: Vinogradova, Olga I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Catalytic Janus swimmers demonstrate a diffusio-phoretic motion by self-generating the gradients of concentrations and electric potential. Recent work has focused on simplified cases, such as a release of solely one type of ions or low surface fluxes of ions, with limited theoretical guidance. Here, we consider the experimentally relevant case of particles that release both types of ions, and obtain a simple expression for a particle velocity in the limit of thin electrostatic diffuse layer. Our approximate expression is very accurate even when ion fluxes and surface potentials are large, and allows one to interpret a number of intriguing phenomena, such as the reverse in the direction of the particle motion in response to variations of the salt concentration or self-diffusiophoresis of uncharged particles.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Coherent Optical Processes on Cs D$_2$ line Magnetically Induced Transitions
Creators: name: Sargsyan, Armen
name: Amiryan, Arevik
name: Tonoyan, Ara
name: Klinger, Emmanuel
name: Sarkisyan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increased spectral resolution allowed by the use of extremely thin vapor cells has led to the observation of interesting behaviour of alkali transitions when placed in a magnetic field. Particularly, transitions obeying an apparent $F_e-F_g\equivΔF =\pm2$ selection rule, referred to as magnetically-induced (MI) transitions, have their probabilities largely increase in the intermediate interaction regime while being null at zero and higher magnetic fields. With an 800 nm-thick Cs vapor cell placed in a field up to 1.5 kG, we show here that the generation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), realized in $Λ$-systems involving $ΔF =- 2$ MI transitions, is only possible when both the coupling and probe beams are $σ^-$-circular polarized, demonstrating that EIT is affected by magnetic circular dichroism. A similar rule of thumb can be extrapolated for $ΔF =+2$ MI transitions and $σ^+$ polarization. Because of the high frequency shift slope (typ. 4 MHz/G), the generation of EIT resonances involving MI transitions is interesting, especially in the context of growing attention towards micro-machined alkali vapor cell sensors.
Emergent flat-band physics in $d^{9-δ}$ multilayer nickelates
Creators: name: Lechermann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have shown that the reduced multilayer rare-earth (RE) nickel oxides of form RE$_{p+1}$Ni$_p$O$_{2p+2}$ may belong to the novel family of superconducting lanthanide nickelates. Here, the correlated electronic structure of Pr$_{4}$Ni$_3$O$_{8}$ and Nd$_{6}$Ni$_5$O$_{12}$ is studied by means of an advanced realistic many-body framework. It is revealed that the low-energy physics of both systems is dominated by an interplay of Ni-$d_{x^2-y^2}$ and Ni-$d_{z^2}$ degrees of freedom. Whilst the Ni-$d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbitals are always highly correlated near an (orbital-selective) Mott-insulating regime, the Ni-$d_{z^2}$ orbitals give rise to intriguing non-dispersive features. At low temperature, the Pr compound still displays QP-like Ni-$d_{x^2-y^2}$-derived states at the Fermi level, but the interacting fermiology of the Nd compound is outshined by an emergent Ni-$d_{z^2}$-controlling flat band. These findings translate well to the previous characterization of doped infinite-layer nickelates, and hence further make the case for a mechanism of unconventional superconductivity which is distinct from the one in high-$T_{\rm c}$ cuprates.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Bona-Masso slicing conditions and the lapse close to black-hole punctures
Creators: name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
name: de Oliveira, Henrique P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider several families of functions $f(α)$ that appear in the Bona-Masso slicing condition for the lapse function $α$. Focusing on spherically symmetric and time-independent slices we apply these conditions to the Schwarzschild spacetime in order to construct analytical expressions for the lapse $α$ in terms of the areal radius $R$. We then transform to isotropic coordinates and determine the dependence of $α$ on the isotropic radius $r$ in the vicinity of the black-hole puncture. We propose generalizations of previously considered functions $f(α)$ for which, to leading order, the lapse is proportional to $r$ rather than a non-integer power of $r$. We also perform dynamical simulations in spherical symmetry and demonstrate advantages of the above choices in numerical simulations employing spectral methods.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic Spirals in Accretion Flows Originated from Misaligned Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Wang, Weixiao
name: Väisälä, Miikka S.
name: Shang, Hsien
name: Krasnopolsky, Ruben
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Lam, Ka Ho
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Misalignment between rotation and magnetic field has been suggested to be one type of physical mechanisms which can easen the effects of magnetic braking during collapse of cloud cores leading to formation of protostellar disks. However, its essential factors are poorly understood. Therefore, we perform a more detailed analysis of the physics involved. We analyze existing simulation data to measure the system torques, mass accretion rates and Toomre Q parameters. We also examine the presence of shocks in the system. While advective torques are generally the strongest, we find that magnetic and gravitational torques can play substantial roles in how angular momentum is transferred during the disk formation process. Magnetic torques can shape the accretion flows, creating two-armed magnetized inflow spirals aligned with the magnetic field. We find evidence of an accretion shock that is aligned according to the spiral structure of the system. Inclusion of ambipolar diffusion as explored in this work has shown a slight influence in the small scale structures but not in the main morphology. We discuss potential candidate systems where some of these phenomena could be present.
description: 26 pages, 26 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Facile, Eco-Friendly, One-Pot Protocol for the Synthesis of Indole- Imidazole Derivatives Catalysed by Aminoacids
Creators: name: Naureen, Sadia
name: Ijaz, Fatima
name: Areesha Nazeer
name: Faryal Chaudhry
name: Munawar, Munawar Ali
name: Misbahul Ain Khan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An Efficient, convenient green approach for the synthesis of Indole-based2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetra substituted imidazoles by multicomponent reaction of substituted 2-arylindole-3-carbaldehydes, benzil, substituted anilines and ammonium acetate using catalytic aminoacid (Glycine) in ethanol is described. Several amino acids have also been evaluated as organic catalysts for these reactions. The structures of the compounds have been established on the basis of infrared, mass and 1H NMR spectral data. The mild reaction conditions, inexpensive / economical reagents and good yield show the usefulness of this approach.
Gaia EDR3 distances of the young stellar clusters in the extended Carina Nebula complex
Creators: name: Göppl, C.
name: Preibisch, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The Carina Nebula complex (CNC) is one of the most massive and active star-forming regions in our Galaxy and it contains several large young star clusters. The distances of the individual clusters and their physical connection were poorly known up to now, with strongly discrepant results reported in the literature. Aims: We want to determine reliable distances of the young stellar clusters in the central Carina Nebula region (in particular, Tr 14, 15, and 16) and the prominent clusters NGC 3324 and NGC 3293 in the northwestern periphery of the CNC. Methods: We analyzed the parallaxes in Gaia EDR3 for a comprehensive sample of 237 spectroscopically identified OB stars, as well as for 9562 X-ray-selected young stars throughout the complex. We also performed an astrometric analysis to identify members of the young cluster vdBH 99, which is located in the foreground of the northwestern part of the Carina Nebula. Results: We find that the distances of the investigated clusters in the CNC are equal within <= 2%, and yield very consistent most likely mean distance values of 2.36(+0.05 -0.05) kpc for the OB star sample and 2.34(+0.05 -0.06) kpc for the sample of X-ray-selected young stars. Conclusions: Our results show that the clusters in the CNC constitute a coherent star-forming region, in particular with regard to NGC 3324 and NGC 3293 at the northwestern periphery, which are (within <= 2%) at the same distance as the central Carina Nebula. For the foreground cluster vdBH 99, we find a mean distance of 441(+2 -2) pc and an age of ~ 60 Myr. We quantified the contamination of X-ray-selected samples of Carina Nebula stars based on members of this foreground cluster.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Unusual Product From the Acid Catalyzed One Pot, Multi-Component Reaction of Thiocarbohydrazide, Aldehydes and Phenacyl Bromides
Creators: name: Mohanad Shkoor
name: Ayahtallah Al-Abade
name: Aleteiwib, Ibtesam
name: Al-Talib, Mahmoud
name: Tashtoush, Hasan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: A one-pot, three-component protocol for the synthesis of novel five membered thiazole ring bonded to two hydrazone motifs is described. The acid catalyzed reaction of one equivalent of thiocarbohydrazide, two equivalents of aromatic aldehydes and one equivalent of phenacyl bromides afforded the five membered thiazole ring. The reactions proceed with novel chemoselectivity. Similar reported protocols have always afforded 1,3,4-thiadiazines.
The value-added catalogue for LAMOST DR8 low-resolution spectra
Creators: name: Wang, Chun
name: Huang, Yang
name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Zhang, Huawei
name: Xiang, Maosheng
name: Liu, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a value-added catalog containing stellar parameters estimated from 7.10 million low-resolution spectra for 5.16 million unique stars with spectral signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) higher than 10 obtained by the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Galactic spectroscopic surveys. The catalog presents values of stellar atmospheric parameters (effective temperature $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$, surface gravity $\log g$, metallicity [Fe/H]/[M/H]), $α$-element to metal abundance ratio [$α$/M], carbon and nitrogen to iron abundance ratios [C/Fe] and [N/Fe] and 14 bands' absolute magnitudes deduced from LAMOST spectra using the method of neural network. The spectro-photometric distances of those stars are also provided based on the distance modulus. For stars with spectral SNRs larger than 50, precisions of $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$, $\log g$, [Fe/H], [M/H], [C/Fe], [N/Fe] and [$α$/M] are 85\,K, 0.098\,dex, 0.05\,dex, 0.05\,dex, 0.052\,dex, 0.082\,dex and 0.027\,dex, respectively. The errors of 14 band's absolute magnitudes are 0.16--0.22\,mag for stars with spectral SNRs larger than 50. The spectro-photometric distance is accurate to 8.5\% for stars with spectral SNRs larger than 50, and is more accurate than geometrical distance for stars with distance larger than 2.0\,kpc. Our estimates of [Fe/H] are reliable down to [Fe/H] $\sim -3.5$\,dex, significantly better than previous results. The catalog provide 26,868 unique very metal poor star candidates ([Fe/H] $\leq -2.0$). The catalog would be a valuable data set to study the structure and evolution of the Galaxy, especially the solar-neighbourhood and the outer disc.
description: 34 pages, 30 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS
Assessment of hydrocarbon degradation potentials in plant-microbe interaction system with oil sludge contamination: A sustainable solution
Creators: name: Dhote, Monika
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Jajoo, Anjana
name: Juwarkar, Asha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A pot culture experiment was conducted for 90 days for evaluation of oil and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation in vegetated and non-vegetated treatments of real field oil sludge contaminated soil. Five different treatments include, (T1) control, 2% oil sludge contaminated soil; (T2), augmentation of microbial consortium; (T3), Vertiver zizanioide; (T4), bio-augmentation along with Vertiver zizanioide and (T5), bio-augmentation with Vertiver zizanioide and bulking agent. During the study, oil reduction, TPH and degradation of its fractions was determined. Physic-chemical and microbiological parameters of soil were also monitored simultaneously. At the end of the experimental period, oil content (85%) was reduced maximally in bio-augmented rhizospheric treatments (T4 and T5) as compared to control (27%). TPH reduction was observed to be 88% and 89% in bio-augmented rhizospheric soil (T4 and T5 treatments), whereas in non-rhizospheric and control (T2 and T1) TPH reduction was 78% and 37% respectively. Degradation of aromatic fraction after 90 days in bio-augmented rhizosphere of treatment T4 and T5 was found to 91% and 92%. In microbial (T2) and Vertiver treatment (T3) degradation of aromatic fraction was 83% and 68% respectively. A threefold increase in soil dehydrogenase activity and noticeable changes in organic carbon content, water holding capacity were also observed which indicated maximum degradation of oil and its fractions in combined treatment of plants and microbes. It is concluded that plant–microbe–soil system helps to restore soil quality and can be used as an effective tool for remediation of oil sludge contaminated sites.
A massive AGB donor in Scutum X-1: Identification of the first Mira variable in an X-ray binary
Creators: name: De, Kishalay
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Soria, Roberto
name: Ashley, Michael C. B.
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Hankins, Matthew J.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Lau, Ryan M.
name: Moore, Anna M.
name: Simcoe, Robert
name: Soon, Jamie
name: Travouillon, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symbiotic X-ray binary Sct X-1 was suggested as the first known neutron star accreting from a red supergiant companion. Although known for nearly 50 years, detailed characterization of the donor remains lacking, particularly due to the extremely high reddening towards the source ($A_V\gtrsim25$ mag). Here, we present i) improved localization of the counterpart using Gaia and Chandra observations, ii) the first broadband infrared spectrum ($\approx1-5\,μ$m; $R\approx 2000$) obtained with SpeX on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility and iii) $J$-band light curve from the Palomar Gattini-IR survey. The infrared spectrum is characterized by i) deep water absorption features (H$_2$O index $\approx 40$%), ii) strong TiO, VO and CO features, and iii) weak/absent CN lines. We show that these features are inconsistent with known red supergiants, but suggest a M8-9 III type O-rich Mira donor star. We report the discovery of large amplitude ($ΔJ\approx3.5$ mag) periodic photometric variability suggesting a pulsation period of $621\pm36\,{\rm(systematic)}\pm8\,{\rm(statistical)}$ days, which we use to constrain the donor to be a relatively luminous Mira ($M_K=-8.6\pm0.3$ mag) at a distance of $3.6^{+0.8}_{-0.7}$ kpc. Comparing these characteristics to recent models, we find the donor to be consistent with a $\approx 3-5$ M$_\odot$ star at an age of $\approx 0.1-0.3$ Gyr. Together, we show that Sct X-1 was previously mis-classified as an evolved High Mass X-ray Binary; instead it is an intermediate mass system with the first confirmed Mira donor in an X-ray binary. We discuss the implications of Mira donors in symbiotic X-ray binaries, and highlight the potential of wide-field infrared time domain surveys and broadband infrared spectroscopy to unveil their demographics.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
The Intrinsic Fragility of the Liquid-Vapor Interface: A Stress Network Perspective
Creators: name: Rahman, Muhammad Rizwanur
name: Shen, Li
name: Ewen, James P.
name: Dini, Daniele
name: Smith, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the liquid-vapour interface of a Lennard-Jones fluid is examined with molecular dynamics simulations using the intrinsic sampling method. Results suggest, in agreement with capillary wave theory, clear damping of the density profiles as the temperature is increased. We identify a linear variation of the space-filling nature (fractal dimension) of the stress-clusters at the intrinsic surface with increasing surface tension, or equivalently, with decreasing temperature. A percolation analysis of these stress networks indicates that the stress field is more disjointed at higher temperatures. This leads to more fragile interfaces that result in a reduction in surface tension at higher temperature.
Phase front retrieval and correction of Bessel beams
Creators: name: Miao, B.
name: Feder, L.
name: Shrock, J. E.
name: Milchberg, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bessel beams generated with non-ideal axicons are affected by aberrations. We introduce a method to retrieve the complex amplitude of a Bessel beam from intensity measurements alone, and then use this information to correct the wavefront and intensity profile using a deformable mirror.
Helicity effect on turbulent passive and active scalar diffusivities
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Käpylä, Petri J.
name: Rogachevskii, Igor
name: Yokoi, Nobumitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent flows are known to produce enhanced effective magnetic and passive scalar diffusivities, which can fairly accurately be determined with numerical methods. It is now known that, if the flow is also helical, the effective magnetic diffusivity is reduced relative to the nonhelical value. Neither the usual second-order correlation approximation nor the various $τ$ approaches have been able to capture this. Here we show that the helicity effect on the turbulent passive scalar diffusivity works in the opposite sense and leads to an enhancement. We have also demonstrated that the correlation time of the turbulent velocity field increases with the kinetic helicity. This is a key point in the theoretical interpretation of the obtained numerical results. Simulations in which helicity is being produced self-consistently by stratified rotating turbulence resulted in a turbulent passive scalar diffusivity that was found to be decreasing with increasing rotation rate.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, published in ApJ
Stochastic jetting and dripping in confined soft granular flows
Creators: name: Bogdan, Michał
name: Montessori, Andrea
name: Tiribocchi, Adriano
name: Bonaccorso, Fabio
name: Lauricella, Marco
name: Jurkiewicz, Leon
name: Succi, Sauro
name: Guzowski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new dynamical modes in confined soft granular flows, such as stochastic jetting and dripping, with no counterpart in continuum viscous fluids. The new modes emerge as a result of the propagation of the chaotic behaviour of individual grains -- here, monodisperse emulsion droplets to the level of the entire system as the emulsion is focused into a narrow orifice by an external viscous flow. We observe avalanching dynamics and the formation of remarkably stable jets -- singlefile granular chains -- which occasionally break, resulting in a non-Gaussian distribution of cluster sizes. We find that the sequences of droplet rearrangements that lead to the formation of such chains resemble unfolding of cancer cell clusters in narrow capillaries, overall demonstrating that microfluidic emulsion systems could serve to model various aspects of soft granular flows, including also tissue dynamics at the meso-scale.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Subaru/HSC z-Broadband Excess Selection of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at z<1
Creators: name: Rosenwasser, Benjamin E.
name: Taylor, Anthony J.
name: Barger, Amy J.
name: Cowie, Lennox L.
name: Hu, Esther M.
name: Jones, Logan H.
name: Songaila, Antoinette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) at z<1 in the COSMOS and North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) fields with imaging from Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) and a combination of new and existing spectroscopy. We select EELGs on the basis of substantial excess flux in the z broadband, which is sensitive to H$α$ at 0.3
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 18 pages, 10 Figures, 2 Tables
Supplementary document for Significant performance enhancement of UV-Vis self-powered CsPbBr₃ quantum dots photodetectors induced by ligand modification and P3HT embedding - 5987985.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Meng
name: Liang, Dehai
name: Ma, Wen
name: Mo, Qionghua
name: Zang, Zhigang
name: Qian, Qingkai
name: cai, wensi
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The experiment and results.