cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generic properties of nonexpansive mappings on unbounded domains
Creators: name: Bargetz, Christian
name: Reich, Simeon
name: Thimm, Daylen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H09, 54E52

description: We investigate typical properties of nonexpansive mappings on unbounded complete hyperbolic metric spaces. For two families of metrics of uniform convergence on bounded sets, we show that the typical nonexpansive mapping is a Rakotch contraction on every bounded subset and that there is a bounded set which is mapped into itself by this mapping. In particular, we obtain that the typical nonexpansive mapping in this setting has a unique fixed point which can be reached by iterating the mapping. Nevertheless, it turns out that the typical mapping is not a Rakotch contraction on the whole space and that it has the maximal possible Lipschitz constant of one on a residual subset of its domain. By typical we mean that the complement of the set of mappings with this property is $σ$-$ϕ$-porous, that is, small in a metric sense. For a metric of pointwise convergence, we show that the set of Rakotch contractions is meagre.
description: 38 pages; added more details to some parts of the manuscript; corrected a number of small mistakes
Quantum simulation of superexchange magnetism in linear ion crystals
Creators: name: Ivanov, Peter A.
name: Karchev, Naoum I.
name: Vitanov, Nikolay V.
name: Angelakis, Dimitris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a system for the simulation of Heisenberg models with spins $s=\frac{1}{2}$ and $s=1$ with a linear crystal of trapped ions. We show that the laser-ion interaction induces a Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard interaction between the atomic V-type level structure and the two phonon species. In the strong-coupling regime the collective atom and phonon excitations become localized at each lattice site and form an effective spin system with varying length. We show that the quantum-mechanical superexchange interaction caused by the second-order phonon hopping processes creates a Heisenberg-type coupling between the individual spins. Trapped ions allow to control the superexchange interactions by adjusting the trapping frequencies, the laser intensity, and the detuning.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Updating the Option Implied Probability of Default Methodology
Creators: name: Vilsmeier, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Option Implied Probability of Default, Risk Neutral Density, Cross Entropy
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: In this paper we ‘update’ the option implied probability of default (option iPoD) approach recently suggested in the literature. First, a numerically more stable objective function for the estimation of the risk neutral density is derived whose integrals can be solved analytically. Second, it is reasoned that the originally proposed approach for the estimation of the PoD has some serious drawbacks and hence an alternative procedure is suggested that is based on the Lagrange multipliers. Carrying out numerical evaluations and a practical application we find that the framework provides very promising results.
Perspective: New directions in dynamical density functional theory
Creators: name: Vrugt, Michael te
name: Wittkowski, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical dynamical density functional theory (DDFT) has become one of the central modeling approaches in nonequilibrium soft matter physics. Recent years have seen the emergence of novel and interesting fields of application for DDFT. In particular, there has been a remarkable growth in the amount of work related to chemistry. Moreover, DDFT has stimulated research on other theories such as phase field crystal models and power functional theory. In this perspective, we summarize the latest developments in the field of DDFT and discuss a variety of possible directions for future research.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
FEdA Forschungsdaten-Policy
Creators: name: Taffner, Julian
name: Eberhardt, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RDM
FEdA
policy

description: Richtlinie der BMBF-Forschungsinitiative zum Erhalt der Artenvielfalt (FEdA) für das Management von Forschungsdaten.
Die ehrwürdige Bibliothek der Regensburgischen Botanischen Gesellschaft in Zeiten moderner Digitalisierungsprojekte
Creators: name: Knüttel, Helge
name: Schröder, Albert
name: Schweikl, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: archive, digitization, herbarium, long term archiving, persistent identifier, botanical society, structural metadata
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Die Digitalisierung hat sich zu einem erfolgreichen Kooperationsfeld in der Zusammenarbeit der Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg mit der Regensburgischen Botanischen Gesellschaft (RBG) entwickelt. Der Beitrag beschreibt wichtige Projekte wie die Digitalisierung der Zeitschriften der Gesellschaft, herausragender Floren und Kräuterbücher oder der Werke David Heinrich Hoppes. Die Werkzeuge und Methoden werden im Detail erläutert, jeweils illustriert an Beispielen aus den Beständen der RBG. In Abgrenzung zu anderen Vorhaben wird besonders auf die Qualitätsansprüche und die ausführliche Erschließung der Werke eingegangen, ein Ergebnis der engen Abstimmung mit den Nutzern. Abstract: The venerable library of the Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaft in times of modern digitization projects. Digitization has become a success story in the cooperation between the Regensburg Botanical Society (Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaft) and the University of Regensburg Library (Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg). This paper describes major projects in this respect, such as the digitization of the society’s journals, of floras, herbal books, and the works of David Heinrich Hoppe. Tools and methods are explained in detail and are illustrated by examples from the society’s holdings. As a result of the close liaison with our users and contrary to some mass digitization projects we have put an emphasis on high quality and extensive indexing, e. g. with structural metadata.
Nilpotent Decomposition in Integral Group Rings
Creators: name: Jespers, Eric
name: Sun, Wei-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A finite group $G$ is said to have the nilpotent decomposition property (ND) if for every nilpotent element $α$ of the integral group ring $\mathbb{Z}[G]$ one has that $αe$ also belong to $\mathbb{Z}[G]$, for every primitive central idempotent $e$ of the rational group algebra $\mathbb{Q}[G]$. Results of Hales, Passi and Wilson, Liu and Passman show that this property is fundamental in the investigations of the multiplicative Jordan decomposition of integral group rings. If $G$ and all its subgroups have ND then Liu and Passman showed that $G$ has property SSN, that is, for subgroups $H$, $Y$ and $N$ of $G$, if $N\lhd H $ and $Y\subseteq H$ then $N\subseteq Y$ or $YN$ is normal in $H$; and such groups have been described. In this article, we study the nilpotent decomposition property in integral group rings and we classify finite SSN groups $G$ such that the rational group algebra $\mathbb{Q}[G]$ has only one Wedderburn component which is not a division ring.
description: Postprint version. In the second paragraph of Section 6, the statement "U(G)/pU(G) is a torsion group" is corrected by "U(G)/pU(G) is generated by torsion images of unipotents." Some minor typos are fixed
Perspectives on resilience: Trait resilience, correlates of resilience in daily life, and longer-term change in affective distress
Creators: name: Blanke, Elisabeth S
name: Schmiedek, Florian
name: Siebert, Stefan
name: Richter, David
name: Brose, Annette
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: experience sampling
subject: major life events
subject: mindfulness
subject: multi‐level structural equation modelling
subject: resilience
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Resilience describes successful adaptation in the face of adversity, commonly inferred from trajectories of well-being following major life events. Alternatively, resilience was conceptualised as a psychological trait, facilitating adaptation through stable individual characteristics. Both perspectives may relate to individual differences in how stress is regulated in daily life. In the present study, we combined these perspectives on resilience. Our sample consisted of N = 132 middle-aged adults, who experienced major life events in between two waves of a longitudinal study. We implemented latent change regression models to predict change in affective distress. As predictors, we investigated trait resilience and correlates of resilience in daily life (stressor occurrence, stress reactivity, positive reappraisal, mindful attention, and acceptance), measured using experience sampling (T = 70 occasions). Unexpectedly, trait resilience was not associated with change in distress. In contrast, resilience correlates in daily life, most notably lower stress reactivity, were associated with more favourable change. Higher trait resilience related to higher average mindfulness, higher reappraisal, and lower negative affect. Overall, while trait resilience translated into everyday correlates of resilience, it was not predictive of changes in affective distress. Instead, precursors of changes in well-being may be found in correlates of resilience in daily life.
The Choquard logarithmic equation involving a nonlinearity with exponential growth
Creators: name: Böer, Eduardo de Souza
name: Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present work we are concerned with the Choquard Logarithmic equation $-Δu + au + λ(\ln|\cdot|\ast |u|^{2})u = f(u)$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$, for $ a>0 $, $ λ>0 $ and a nonlinearity $f$ with exponential critical growth. We prove the existence of a nontrivial solution at the mountain pass level and a nontrivial ground state solution. Also, we provide these results under a symmetric setting, taking into account subgroups of $ O(2) $.
Cosmological solutions and observational constraints on 5-dimensional braneworld cosmology with gravitating Nambu-Goto matching conditions
Creators: name: Kofinas, Georgios
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
name: Xia, Jun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmological implications of the recently constructed 5-dimensional braneworld cosmology with gravitating Nambu-Goto matching conditions. Inserting both matter and radiation sectors, we first extract the analytical cosmological solutions. Additionally, we use observational data from Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa) and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), along with requirements of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), in order to impose constraints on the parameters of the model. We find that the scenario at hand is in very good agreement with observations, and thus a small departure from the standard Randall-Sundrum scenario is allowed.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.4292
B-meson decay constants from 2+1-flavor lattice QCD with domain-wall light quarks and relativistic heavy quarks
Creators: name: Christ, Norman H.
name: Flynn, Jonathan M.
name: Izubuchi, Taku
name: Kawanai, Taichi
name: Lehner, Christoph
name: Soni, Amarjit
name: Van de Water, Ruth S.
name: Witzel, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the B-meson decay constants f_B, f_Bs, and their ratio in unquenched lattice QCD using domain-wall light quarks and relativistic b-quarks. We use gauge-field ensembles generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations using the domain-wall fermion action and Iwasaki gauge action with three flavors of light dynamical quarks. We analyze data at two lattice spacings of a ~ 0.11, 0.086 fm with unitary pion masses as light as M_pi ~ 290 MeV; this enables us to control the extrapolation to the physical light-quark masses and continuum. For the b-quarks we use the anisotropic clover action with the relativistic heavy-quark interpretation, such that discretization errors from the heavy-quark action are of the same size as from the light-quark sector. We renormalize the lattice heavy-light axial-vector current using a mostly nonperturbative method in which we compute the bulk of the matching factor nonperturbatively, with a small correction, that is close to unity, in lattice perturbation theory. We also improve the lattice heavy-light current through O(alpha_s a). We extrapolate our results to the physical light-quark masses and continuum using SU(2) heavy-meson chiral perturbation theory, and provide a complete systematic error budget. We obtain f_B0 = 199.5(12.6) MeV, f_B+ = 195.6(14.9) MeV, f_Bs = 235.4(12.2) MeV, f_Bs/f_B0 = 1.197(50), and f_Bs/f_B+ = 1.223(71), where the errors are statistical and total systematic added in quadrature. These results are in good agreement with other published results and provide an important independent cross check of other three-flavor determinations of $B$-meson decay constants using staggered light quarks.
description: 25 pages, 13 tables, 12 figures. Version 2 revised for PRD. Sign in Eq. (27) corrected. Chiral-continuum extrapolations of fB and fBs/fB changed. Results for fB and fBs/fB, plots, and text updated accordingly. Updated references
Bootstrapping a Stress-Tensor Form Factor through Eight Loops
Creators: name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Gurdogan, Omer
name: McLeod, Andrew J.
name: Wilhelm, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We bootstrap the three-point form factor of the chiral stress-tensor multiplet in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory at six, seven, and eight loops, using boundary data from the form factor operator product expansion. This may represent the highest perturbative order to which multi-variate quantities in a unitary four-dimensional quantum field theory have been computed. In computing this form factor, we observe and employ new restrictions on pairs and triples of adjacent letters in the symbol. We provide details about the function space required to describe the form factor through eight loops. Plotting the results on various lines provides striking numerical evidence for a finite radius of convergence of perturbation theory. By the principle of maximal transcendentality, our results are expected to give the highest weight part of the $g g \rightarrow H g$ and $H \rightarrow ggg$ amplitudes in the heavy-top limit of QCD through eight loops. These results were also recently used to discover a new antipodal duality between this form factor and a six-point amplitude in the same theory.
description: 44 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables; v2, minor corrections, journal version, references added
Golden ratio autocorrelation function and the exponential decay
Creators: name: Tsekov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An autocorrelation function is obtained on the base of the recurrence relation formalism, whose continued fraction form corresponds to that of golden ratio. It turns out that this GR autocorrelation is known in science and obeys all necessary conditions, in contrast to the exponential autocorrelation function. Using the Kubo approach it is shown how exponential correlations appear in the linear response theory as a result of non-Hermitian relaxation of the system.
description: The paper is dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Tsvetan Tsekov
Pretty good quantum state transfer on isotropic and anisotropic Heisenberg spin chains with tailored site dependent exchange couplings
Creators: name: Serra, Pablo
name: Ferrón, Alejandro
name: Osenda, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a global optimization algorithm we obtain spin chains with site-dependent exchange coefficients which allow almost perfect quantum state transfer between the extremes of the chains without any further time-dependent external control. We consider chains with isotropic and anisotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian with up to 100 spins. The method allow us to choose the arrival of the transferred state by changing the range available to the exchange coupling strengths. We consider short transferred times, in particular shorter than those achievable with known time-dependent control schemes. The chains obtained with the optimization method show some remarkable and interesting traits as, for instance, the scaling of the magnitude of the exchange couplings needed to achieve near perfect state transfer with the length of the chain and the arrival time. This scaling makes it possible to decide if the chain with site-dependent coefficients can be implemented in an actual system according to the range of interactions allowed in it. We compare the robustness of the transmission protocol against static disorder on the exchange coefficients using different figures of merit, which allow us to conclude that the isotropic Heisenberg chain is the best option when compared with anisotropic chains. This comparison is relevant since the method allow us to start with chains that all achieve near perfect quantum state transfer, regime that was not available previously in these chains without time-dependent external control.
description: includes Supplemental Material
Dissecting Soft Radiation with Factorization
Creators: name: Stewart, Iain W.
name: Tackmann, Frank J.
name: Waalewijn, Wouter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An essential part of high-energy hadronic collisions is the soft hadronic activity that underlies the primary hard interaction. It includes soft radiation from the primary hard partons, secondary multiple parton interactions (MPI), and factorization-violating effects. The invariant mass spectrum of the leading jet in $Z$+jet and $H$+jet events is directly sensitive to these effects, and we use a QCD factorization theorem to predict its dependence on the jet radius $R$, jet $p_T$, jet rapidity, and partonic process for both the perturbative and nonperturbative components of primary soft radiation. We prove that the nonperturbative contributions involve only odd powers of $R$, and the linear $R$ term is universal for quark and gluon jets. The hadronization model in PYTHIA8 agrees well with these properties. The perturbative soft initial state radiation (ISR) has a contribution that depends on the jet area in the same way as the underlying event, but this degeneracy is broken by dependence on the jet $p_T$. The size of this soft ISR contribution is proportional to the color state of the initial partons, yielding the same positive contribution for $gg\to Hg$ and $gq\to Zq$, but a negative interference contribution for $q\bar q\to Z g$. Hence, measuring these dependencies allows one to separate hadronization, soft ISR, and MPI contributions in the data.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, v2: PRL version, text rearranged
Destruction of Long-range Order by Quenching the Hopping Range in One Dimension
Creators: name: Tezuka, Masaki
name: García-García, Antonio M.
name: Cazalilla, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics in a one dimensional hard-core Bose gas with power-law hopping after an abrupt reduction of the hopping range using the time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group (t-DMRG) and bosonization techniques. In particular, we focus on the destruction of the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), which is present in the initial state in the thermodynamic limit. We argue that this type of quench is akin to a sudden reduction in the effective dimensionality $d$ of the system (from $d > 1$ to $d = 1$). We identify two regimes in the evolution of the BEC fraction. For short times the decay of the BEC fraction is Gaussian while for intermediate to long times, it is well described by a stretched exponential with an exponent that depends on the initial effective dimensionality of the system. These results are potentially relevant for cold trapped-ion experiments which can simulate an equivalent of hard-core bosons, i.e. spins, with tunable long-range interactions.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
In-Ear SpO2 for Classification of Cognitive Workload
Creators: name: Davies, Harry J.
name: Williams, Ian
name: Hammour, Ghena
name: Yarici, Metin
name: Seemungal, Barry M.
name: Mandic, Danilo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Classification of cognitive workload promises immense benefit in diverse areas ranging from driver safety to augmenting human capability through closed loop brain computer interface. The brain is the most metabolically active organ in the body and increases its metabolic activity and thus oxygen consumption with increasing cognitive demand. In this study, we explore the feasibility of in-ear SpO2 cognitive workload tracking. To this end, we preform cognitive workload assessment in 8 subjects, based on an N-back task, whereby the subjects are asked to count and remember the number of odd numbers displayed on a screen in 5 second windows. The 2 and 3-back tasks lead to either the lowest median absolute SpO2 or largest median decrease in SpO2 in all of the subjects, indicating a robust and measurable decrease in blood oxygen in response to increased cognitive workload. Using features derived from in-ear pulse oximetry, including SpO2, pulse rate and respiration rate, we were able to classify the 4 N-back task categories, over 5 second epochs, with a mean accuracy of 94.2%. Moreover, out of 21 total features, the 9 most important features for classification accuracy were all SpO2 related features. The findings suggest that in-ear SpO2 measurements provide valuable information for classification of cognitive workload over short time windows, which together with the small form factor promises a new avenue for real time cognitive workload tracking.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Modular generalized Springer correspondence II: classical groups
Creators: name: Achar, Pramod N.
name: Henderson, Anthony
name: Juteau, Daniel
name: Riche, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B08, 20G05, Secondary 14M15

description: We construct a modular generalized Springer correspondence for any classical group, by generalizing to the modular setting various results of Lusztig in the case of characteristic-$0$ coefficients. We determine the cuspidal pairs in all classical types, and compute the correspondence explicitly for $\mathrm{SL}(n)$ with coefficients of arbitrary characteristic and for $\mathrm{SO}(n)$ and $\mathrm{Sp}(2n)$ with characteristic-$2$ coefficients.
description: 52 pages. Version 2 corrects a minor mistake in the combinatorics of the type D case; no numbered statements are affected. Version 3 has minor additions, mostly in Section 2; final version, to appear in J. Eur. Math. Soc
Emergent Phase, Thermodynamic Geometry and Criticality of Charged Black Holes from Rényi Statistics
Creators: name: Hirunsirisawat, Ekapong
name: Nakarachinda, Ratchaphat
name: Promsiri, Chatchai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a novel emergent phase can occur from thermodynamic consideration of the asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordström black hole (RN-AF) using Rényi statistics. We present an analysis of the thermodynamical and mechanical stabilities of the RN-AF in both the Gibbs-Boltzmann (GB) and the alternative Rényi statistics when charge $q$ and electrostatic potential $ϕ$ are treated as pressure and volume, respectively. Interestingly, the emergent phase of the RN-AF can be both thermodynamically and mechanically stable in some range of parameters in the framework of Rényi thermodynamics. With the construction of the Maxwell equal area law in $q-ϕ$ plane, the coexistence line between the near-extremal black hole phase and the emergent phase can be found in some values of charge which can be associated as the vapor pressure at which the liquid and gas phases coexist. In the aspect of thermodynamic geometry, the microscopic interaction between the black hole microstructures can be repulsive in the Rényi description. This implies that a novel correlation between the microstates of a self-gravitating system could be emerged via the nonextensive nature of long-range interaction systems. Finally, we also investigate the critical phenomena of the RN-AF in Rényi statistics compared to that of the van der Waals (vdW) fluid and find that the critical exponents of the relevant physical quantities of both systems are identical. This implies that both systems are in the same universality class of the phase transition.
description: 46 pages, 15 figures
Fluctuations of pion flow harmonics and HBT correlation functions in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Hu, Ying
name: Zhang, Wei-Ning
name: Ren, Yan-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fluctuations of pion elliptic flow, triangular flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) correlation functions for the hydrodynamic sources with fluctuating initial conditions in the heavy ion collisions of the Au-Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and the Pb-Pb at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =2.76$ TeV. A method based on event-subcollection analysis is used to detect these fluctuations in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. We introduce a granularity length to describe the granular inhomogeneity of the initial sources, and investigate its relationships with the fluctuations of the flow harmonics and HBT correlation functions. Our investigations indicate that the fluctuations of the triangular flow of event subcollections are sensitive to the granularity length of the initial source. This dependence may provide a way to study the granular inhomogeneity of the initial source through the analyses of the fluctuations of triangular flow in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Constraining gravitational wave amplitude birefringence and Chern-Simons gravity with GWTC-2
Creators: name: Okounkova, Maria
name: Farr, Will M.
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Stein, Leo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a new test of general relativity (GR) with signals from GWTC-2, the LIGO and Virgo catalog of gravitational wave detections. We search for the presence of amplitude birefringence, in which left versus right circularly polarized modes of gravitational waves are exponentially enhanced and suppressed during propagation. Such an effect is present in various beyond-GR theories but is absent in GR. We constrain the amount of amplitude birefringence consistent with the data through an opacity parameter $κ$, which we bound to be $κ\lesssim 0.74 \textrm{ Gpc}^{-1}$. We then use these theory-agnostic results to constrain Chern-Simons gravity, a beyond-GR theory with motivations in quantum gravity. We bound the canonical Chern-Simons lengthscale to be $\ell_0 \lesssim 1.0 \times 10^3$ km, improving on previous long-distance measurement results by a factor of two.
description: Updated to match published version, 8 pages (+6 pages of appendices), 7 figures
Σύγκριση ασφάλειας και αποτελεσματικότητας των ενθεμάτων γλαυκώματος τύπου MIGS (Minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries)
Creators: name: Μποκής, Λεωνίδας Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ελάχιστα επεμβατική χειρουργική του γλαυκώματος
Αποτελεσματικότητα
Ασφάλεια
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery
Efficacy
Safety

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η σύγκριση της ασφάλειας και της αποτελεσματικότητας των ενθεμάτων γλαυκώματος τύπου MIGS (minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries). Πρόκειται για περιγραφική ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας που είναι σχετική με το συγκεκριμένο θέμα. Στην εισαγωγή γίνεται αναφορά στην ανάγκη της ανάπτυξης των MIGS, στον ορισμό τους, στην κατηγοριοποίησή τους, στα πλεονεκτήματα και μειονεκτήματά τους, όπως και στις ενδείξεις και αντενδείξεις της χρήσης τους. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται ξεχωριστά η κάθε συσκευή MIGS και περιγράφονται αναλυτικά τα χαρακτηριστικά της μαζί με μελέτες που αναφέρονται στην αποτελεσματικότητα και στην ασφάλειά της. Τα MIGS τα οποία εξετάζονται είναι τα εξής: iStent και iStent Inject, Hydrus microstent, TRAB360 και OMNI Surgical System, STREAMLINE Surgical System, Ab Interno Canaloplasty (ABiC), Trabectome, Kahook Dual Blade, Gonioscopy Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy (GATT), iStent Supra, CyPass και MINIject Drainage System.
description: The aim of the present thesis was to compare the safety and efficacy between different minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) implants. It is a narrative review of literature that is relevant to the subject. The introduction contains information about the necessity for the development of MIGS, their definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages, as well as the indications and contraindications for their application to patients. Then each MIGS device is presented separately. Every section consists of a description of the device along with data from studies on the efficacy and safety of that device. The MIGS that are examined in this thesis include the following: iStent & iStent Inject, Hydrus microstent, TRAB360 & OMNI Surgical System, STREAMLINE Surgical System, Ab Interno Canaloplasty (ABiC), Trabectome, Kahook Dual Blade, Gonioscopy Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy (GATT), iStent Supra, CyPass and MINIject Drainage System.
Sterbehilfe: Teleologische Reduktion des § 216 StGB statt Einwilligung! Oder: Vom Nutzen der Dogmatik, Zugleich Besprechung von BGH, Urt. v. 25.6.2010 - 2 StR 454/09
Creators: name: Walter, Tonio
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht

description: Online-Ressource
Enumerating Permutations by their Run Structure
Creators: name: Fewster, Christopher J.
name: Siemssen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A15

description: Motivated by a problem in quantum field theory, we study the up and down structure of circular and linear permutations. In particular, we count the length of the (alternating) runs of permutations by representing them as monomials and find that they can always be decomposed into so-called `atomic' permutations introduced in this work. This decomposition allows us to enumerate the (circular) permutations of a subset of the natural numbers by the length of their runs. Furthermore, we rederive, in an elementary way and using the methods developed here, a result due to Kitaev on the enumeration of valleys.
description: 15 pages, presentation improved; compatible with published version
Enhancing Generative Models via Quantum Correlations
Creators: name: Gao, Xun
name: Anschuetz, Eric R.
name: Wang, Sheng-Tao
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative modeling using samples drawn from the probability distribution constitutes a powerful approach for unsupervised machine learning. Quantum mechanical systems can produce probability distributions that exhibit quantum correlations which are difficult to capture using classical models. We show theoretically that such quantum correlations provide a powerful resource for generative modeling. In particular, we provide an unconditional proof of separation in expressive power between a class of widely-used generative models, known as Bayesian networks, and its minimal quantum extension. We show that this expressivity advantage is associated with quantum nonlocality and quantum contextuality. Furthermore, we numerically test this separation on standard machine learning data sets and show that it holds for practical problems. The possibility of quantum advantage demonstrated in this work not only sheds light on the design of useful quantum machine learning protocols but also provides inspiration to draw on ideas from quantum foundations to improve purely classical algorithms.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
Self-Adjointness criterion for operators in Fock spaces
Creators: name: Falconi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B25 (primary), 81T10, 46N50 (secondary)

description: In this paper we provide a criterion of essential self-adjointness for operators in the tensor product of a separable Hilbert space and a Fock space. The class of operators we consider may contain a self-adjoint part, a part that preserves the number of Fock space particles and a non-diagonal part that is at most quadratic with respect to the creation and annihilation operators. The hypotheses of the criterion are satisfied in several interesting applications.
description: 20 pages
O'ZBEK VA INGLIZ TILLARIDA MUHABBAT KONSEPTINING LISONIY VOQEALANISHI
Creators: name: G'iyosiddinova, Gulxayo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bugungi kunda zamonaviy tilshunoslik sohasida kognetiv tilshunoslik, jumlada, konseptlar ifodalagan tag ma’nolarni o’rganish tilshunos olimlarning asosiy vazifalaridan birga aylanmoqda. Shu qatorda O’zbek va Ingliz tillaridagi “Muhabbat” konseptini o’rganish, tadqiq qilish, konseptologik  masalalari ham chuqur e’tibor markazida hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada O’zbek va Ingliz tillaridagi “Muhabbat” konseptini lisoniy voqealanishi yuzasidan bir qancha fikrlar e’tirof etilgan.
Patterns of bacterial-fungal co-occurrence in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) deadwood
Creators: name: Bosch, Jason
name: Némethová, Ema
name: Tláskal, Vojtěch
name: Brabcová, Vendula
name: Baldrian, Petr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bacteria
deadwood
ecology
fungi
microbial communities
temperate forest
wood decay

description: Deadwood represents an important nutrient source and microbial habitat in forest ecosystems. Its decomposition is one of the key processes of global carbon turnover considering that European natural forests can contain up to 1200 m3 of deadwood per hectare. This deadwood is primarily decomposed by saprotrophic fungi but bacteria also have a role to play, particularly in the provision of nitrogen. Previous work has shown that the first fungi to become established will physically prevent further colonisation by other fungi. As bacteria and fungi can interact in both synergistic and antagonistic ways, we expect that these fungal zones of control will also influence the bacterial community composition at local scales. We investigated the patterns of microbial diversity and co-occurrence in 1 cm3 blocks of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) deadwood collected from the Žofínský prales National Nature Reserve in the Czech Republic, using 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing. Compared to previously-collected “whole log” communities, the small-scale communities showed less diversity both individually and in combination. By correlating fungal and bacterial species, we were able to expand on previous work which showed that fungi influence bacterial community composition. As small-scale microbial communities collected from the same log can differ dramatically from one another, we advise caution when interpreting “whole log” microbial community data as the results may not reflect the actual interactions which take place in the deadwood.
description: This poster was presented at Ecology of Soil Microrganisms 2022 which was held from 19/06/2022 to 23/06/2022 in Prague, Czech Republic. The final work was published as: Bosch, J., Némethová, E., Tláskal, V., Brabcová, V., and Baldrian, P. (2023) Bacterial, but not fungal, communities show spatial heterogeneity in European beech ( Fagus sylvatica L .) deadwood. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 99: fiad023. doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiad023
Dark Radiation in Anisotropic LARGE Volume Compactifications
Creators: name: Angus, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark radiation is a compelling extension to $Λ$CDM: current experimental results hint at $ΔN_{\rm eff} \gtrsim 0.5$, which is increased to $ΔN_{\rm eff} \simeq 1$ if the recent BICEP2 results are included. In recent years dark radiation has been considered in the context of string theory models such as the LARGE Volume Scenario of type IIB string theory, forging a link between present-day cosmological observations and models of physics at the Planck scale. In this paper I consider an extension of the LARGE Volume Scenario in which the bulk volume is stabilised by two moduli instead of one. Consequently, the lightest modulus no longer corresponds to the compactification volume but instead to a transverse direction in the bulk geometry. I focus on scenarios in which sequestering of soft masses is achieved by localising the Standard Model on D3 branes at a singularity. The fraction of dark radiation produced in such models vastly exceeds experimental bounds, ruling out the sequestered LARGE Volume Scenario with two bulk moduli as a model of the early Universe.
description: 12 pages, no figures; v3 - expanded discussions, clarified terminology, corrected error in equation (3.11); version to be published in JHEP
For God, King, and Country: The Canadian Churches and the Great War, 1914-1918
Creators: name: Davidson, Melissa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: WWI
Churches
French Canada

description: Canada in the early twentieth century was a profoundly religious nation, with nearly 95 percent of the population identifying as Christians. The churches were important nation-building institutions, active in social welfare and education, but they also played a more intimate role in the lives of Canadians, determining moral values, providing social gathering points, and offering emotional and spiritual support in difficult times. Throughout the Great War (1914-1918), the churches continued to fulfill these important functions, providing an ideological framework that helped people make sense of the war, understand their duties as both Canadians and Christians, and cope with the sacrifices required of them. This dissertation examines the four major Canadian denominations (Roman Catholicism, Presbyterianism, Methodism, and Anglicanism) in French- and English-speaking Canada. It looks first to establish the varying justifications offered for the war by the churches before using them to contextualize the variety of activities undertaken on behalf of the war effort, activities which included prayer and considerable charitable giving in addition to military service. It then examines the difficult final years of the war. In 1917, as conscription divided English and French Canada over the extent of the commitment to the overseas war effort, differing ideas of imperialism, internationalism, and the division between the moral and the political brought conflict both within and between denominations. Finally, an attempt is made to consider how the churches played a role in mourning the war-dead and imbuing the hoped-for peace with a meaning sufficient to justify the immense sacrifices. By using the churches as an interpretive model, this dissertation adds nuance to the Canadian historiography of the Great War, looking beyond the military effort to the experiences of the home front. It also looks to bring together the histories of French and English Canadians, showing the ways in which French-speaking Catholics supported the war in their own way and illuminating some of the conflicting interpretations of the war held by otherwise supportive English-speaking Canadians.
Institutional changes supporting students with pre-college credits : a collective case study approach
Creators: name: Aldape, Michael Edward
name: 0000-0002-1824-3997
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Dual enrollment
Dual credit
Early college
Pre-college programs
Universities
Qualitative research

description: As the number of high school graduates enrolling at universities with pre-college credit continues to grow, institutions must recognize this population’s unique educational experiences and transitional needs. Previous studies have primarily focused on quantitative measures of dual enrollment students’ academic success while ignoring how universities have changed to support these students’ transition experiences, thus creating a significant gap in the literature. This collective case study explored how three similarly attributed public universities in Texas support their students by elevating the voices of nine postsecondary practitioners tasked with helping students achieve personal and academic success. Findings identify areas where dual enrollment programming creates issues for students and institutions, while recognizing its utility for opening access and supporting completion. Moreover, findings support ongoing collaboration between K-12 and postsecondary partners to address these issues. This study provides a starting point for practitioners to rethink approaches for serving this student population.
Chiral near fields generated from plasmonic lattices
Creators: name: Canaguier-Durand, Antoine
name: Genet, Cyriaque
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmonic fields are usually considered non-chiral because of the transverse magnetic polarization of surface plasmon modes. We however show here that an optical lattice created from the intersection of two coherent surface plasmons propagating on a smooth metal film can generate optical chirality in the interfering near field. We reveal in particular the emergence of plasmonic potentials relevant to the generation of near-field chiral forces. This draws promising perspectives for performing enantiomeric separation schemes within the near field.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Exact solution of the spin-s Heisenberg chain with generic non-diagonal boundaries
Creators: name: Cao, Junpeng
name: Cui, Shuai
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Shi, Kangjie
name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method is generalized to the high spin integrable systems associated with the su(2) algebra by employing the spin-s isotropic Heisenberg chain model with generic integrable boundaries as an example. With the fusion techniques, certain closed operator identities for constructing the functional T-Q relations and the Bethe ansatz equations are derived. It is found that a variety of inhomogeneous T-Q relations obeying the operator product identities can be constructed. Numerical results for two-site s=1 case indicate that an arbitrary choice of the derived T-Q relations is enough to give the complete spectrum of the transfer matrix.
description: 26 pages, 2 tables, 1 figure, published version
Global instability in the Ghil-Sellers model
Creators: name: Bodai, Tamas
name: Lucarini, Valerio
name: Lunkeit, Frank
name: Boschi, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ghil-Sellers energy balance model of Earth's climate, features -- for a considerable range of the solar intensity -- two stable climate states (a warm and a cold snowball Earth), where the bistability results from the celebrated ice-albedo feedback. The unstable solution is obtained and characterized in this paper. We find such unstable states by applying for the first time in a geophysical context the so-called edge tracking method that has been used for studying multiple coexisting states in shear flows. We examine robustness, efficiency, and accuracy properties of the edge tracking algorithm. We find that the procedure is the most efficient when taking a single bisection per cycle. Due to the strong diffusivity of the system trajectories of transient dynamics, initialized between the stable states with respect to the mean temperature, are confined to the heteroclininc trajectory, one which connects the fixed unstable and stable states, after relatively short transient times. This constraint dictates a functional relationship between observables. We characterize such a relationship between the global average temperature and a descriptor of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, the large scale temperature gradient between low and high latitudes. We find that a maximum of the temperature gradient is realized at the same value of the average temperature, about 270 K, largely independent of the strength of incoming solar radiation. We also examine the structural properties of the system defined by the equilibria depending on the solar strength. We construct new bifurcation diagrams in terms of quantities relevant for describing the thermodynamic disequilibrium, such as the temperature gradient and the material entropy production due to heat transport. We compare our results for the EBM to results for the intermediate complexity GCM PlaSim and find an interesting qualitative agreement.