cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two-loop scalar self-energies in a general renormalizable theory at leading order in gauge couplings
Creators: name: Martin, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present results for the two-loop self-energy functions for scalars in a general renormalizable field theory, using mass-independent renormalization schemes based on dimensional regularization and dimensional reduction. The results are given in terms of a minimal set of loop-integral basis functions, which are readily evaluated numerically by computers. This paper contains the contributions corresponding to the Feynman diagrams with zero or one vector propagator lines. These are the ones needed to obtain the pole masses of the neutral and charged Higgs scalar bosons in supersymmetry, neglecting only the purely electroweak parts at two-loop order. A subsequent paper will present the results for the remaining diagrams, which involve two or more vector lines.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, axodraw.sty. Version 2: sentence after eq. (A.13) corrected, references added. Version 3: typos in eqs. (5.17), (5.20), (5.21), (5.32) are corrected. Also, the MSbar versions of eqs. (5.32) and (5.33) are now included
Digital quantum simulation of molecular dynamics and control
Creators: name: Magann, Alicia B.
name: Grace, Matthew D.
name: Rabitz, Herschel A.
name: Sarovar, Mohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimally-shaped electromagnetic fields have the capacity to coherently control the dynamics of quantum systems and thus offer a promising means for controlling molecular transformations relevant to chemical, biological, and materials applications. Currently, advances in this area are hindered by the prohibitive cost of the quantum dynamics simulations needed to explore the principles and possibilities of molecular control. However, the emergence of nascent quantum-computing devices suggests that efficient simulations of quantum dynamics may be on the horizon. In this article, we study how quantum computers could be employed to design optimally-shaped fields to control molecular systems. We introduce a hybrid algorithm that utilizes a quantum computer for simulating the field-induced quantum dynamics of a molecular system in polynomial time, in combination with a classical optimization approach for updating the field. Qubit encoding methods relevant for molecular control problems are described, and procedures for simulating the quantum dynamics and obtaining the simulation results are discussed. Numerical illustrations are then presented that explicitly treat paradigmatic vibrational and rotational control problems, and also consider how optimally-shaped fields could be used to elucidate the mechanisms of energy transfer in light-harvesting complexes. Resource estimates, as well as a numerical assessment of the impact of hardware noise and the prospects of near-term hardware implementations, are provided for the latter task.
Additional file 5 of Development and reliability of questionnaires for the assessment of diet and physical activity behaviors in a multi-country sample in Europe the Feel4Diabetes Study
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Costas A.
name: Evaggelia Fappa
name: Zachari, Konstantina
name: Mavrogianni, Christina
name: Stappen, Vicky Van
name: Kivelä, Jemina
name: Virtanen, Eeva
name: González-Gil, Esther M.
name: Flores-Barrantes, Paloma
name: Nánási, Anna
name: Semánová, Csilla
name: Roumyana Dimova
name: Usheva, Natalya
name: Iotova, Violeta
name: Cardon, Greet
name: Manios, Yannis
name: Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Table S5 Intra-class correlation coefficients for test-retest in questions of the family’s energy balance related behaviors questionnaire.
The nature and space density of fossil groups of galaxies
Creators: name: Jones, L. R.
name: Ponman, T. J.
name: Horton, A.
name: Babul, A.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Burke, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the properties of a sample of galaxy groups with very unusual distributions of galaxy luminosities. The most extreme example has an X-ray luminosity similar to that of the Virgo cluster but has a very low richness, with only one galaxy brighter than L*, compared with six in Virgo. That one galaxy, however, is optically more luminous than any galaxy in Virgo and has an optical luminosity as bright as many of the central cD galaxies in rich Abell clusters. The characteristic feature of the fossil groups we study is that most of the light arises from one dominant, central galaxy. We define a fossil system and, based on this definition, construct a small X-ray selected, flux-limited sample of fossil groups with well known selection criteria. We confirm that these systems are indeed groups of galaxies, but dominated by one central luminous giant elliptical galaxy and with few, or no, L* galaxies. We find that fossil systems represent 8%-20% of all systems of the same X-ray luminosity. Fossil groups are at least as numerous as all poor and rich clusters combined, and are thus a possible site for the formation of luminous central cluster galaxies before infall into clusters occurs. The fossil systems in our sample have significantly higher X-ray luminosities than normal groups of similar total optical luminosities (or similar X-ray temperature, where the latter can be measured). These enhanced X-ray luminosities may be due to relatively cool gas in the innermost regions or due to a low central gas entropy. We interpret fossil groups as old, undisturbed systems which have avoided infall into clusters, but where galaxy merging of most of the L* galaxies has occurred. An early formation epoch, before that of most groups, could explain low central gas entropies and high X-ray luminosities.
description: to appear in MNRAS, 13 pages, 8 figures
Ploceus flavissimus Neumann
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Ploceidae
Ploceus
Ploceus flavissimus

description: Ploceus flavissimus Neumann
Ploceus flavissimus Neumann, 1907: 595 (Soullouke´).
Now Ploceus galbula Rüppell, 1840. See Hartert, 1919: 145; and Moreau and Greenway, 1962: 43.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 725031, male, collected at Soullouke´, Ethopia, on 22 August 1904, on the Baron Maurice de Rothschild expedition (no. 460). From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: Neumann had a single specimen when he named this form. It is an abberant individual (Hartert, 1919: 145), mostly yellow with white shafts to primaries and rectrices. The collecting locality is shown on the map in M. de Rothschild (1922: 1017), but the longitudes given on that map are not correct.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 22, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
The galactic center black hole as a possible retro-lens for the S2 orbiting star
Creators: name: De Paolis, F.
name: Ingrosso, G.
name: Geralico, A.
name: Nucita, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holz & Wheeler (\cite{hw}) have recently proposed that a Schwarzschild black hole may act as a retro-lens which, if illuminated by a powerful light source, deflects light ray paths to large bending angles and a series of luminous arcs (or rings in the case of aligned objects) centered on the black hole may form. Obviously, the most convenient geometry to get retro-lensing images would be that of a very bright star close to a massive black hole, say the putative $\sim 4\times 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$ black hole at the galactic center. Recent observations of the galactic center region in the $K$-band have revealed the presence of a very bright main sequence star (labelled S2) with mass $\sim 15$ M$_{\odot}$ orbiting at close distance (130-1900 AU) from Sgr A$^*$. The relatively vicinity of S2 to the central massive black hole may offer a unique laboratory to test the formation of retro-lensing images. The next generation of space-based telescopes in the $K$-band (like NGST) may have high enough limiting magnitude necessary to observe such retro-lensing images.
description: 4 pages, 2 Postscript figures, accepted for pubblications on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Collapsing Scalar Field with Kinematic Self-Similarity of the Second Kind in 2+1 Gravity
Creators: name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: da Rocha, J. F. Villas
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All the 2+1-dimensional circularly symmetric solutions with kinematic self-similarity of the second kind to the Einstein-massless-scalar field equations are found and their local and global properties are studied. It is found that some of them represent gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field, in which black holes are always formed.
description: latex, two figure. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Nutrient Supply to Planetary Biospheres from Anoxic Weathering of Mafic Oceanic Crust
Creators: name: Syverson, Drew D.
name: Reinhard, Christopher T.
name: Isson, Terry T.
name: Holstege, Cerys
name: Katchinoff, Joachim
name: Tutolo, Benjamin M.
name: Etschmann, Barbara
name: Brugger, Joël
name: Planavsky, Noah J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phosphorus is an essential element for life, and the phosphorous cycle is widely believed to be a key factor limiting the extent of Earth's biosphere and its impact on remotely detectable features of Earth's atmospheric chemistry. Continental weathering is conventionally considered to be the only source of bioavailable phosphorus to the marine biosphere, with submarine hydrothermal processes acting as a phosphorus sink. Here, we use a novel 29Si tracer technique to demonstrate that alteration of submarine basalt under anoxic conditions leads to significant soluble phosphorus release, with an estimated ratio between phosphorus release and CO2 consumption (P/CO2) of 3.99+/-1.03 umol/mmol. This ratio is comparable to that of modern rivers, suggesting that submarine weathering under anoxic conditions is potentially a significant source of bioavailable phosphorus to planetary oceans and that volatile-rich Earth-like planets lacking exposed continents could develop robust biospheres capable of sustaining remotely detectable atmospheric biosignatures.
description: Manuscript under consideration in Geophysical Research Letters
Effectiveness of Posters to Increase Water Fountain Usage Among International Students
Creators: name: Zarbafian, Linda
name: Chung, Gavin
name: Wang, Xuning
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Our study was intended to investigate how the design and content of a poster influence water fountain usage among international students. We first conducted a survey study amongst international students to get insights on what kind of poster is more preferable and to learn about their water drinking habits. We then planned to observe the frequency of water fountain usage in Vantage College before and after the presence of a poster. Unfortunately, our observation was interrupted due to the recent pandemic. With only survey results available, we analyzed the survey data to answer several exploratory questions. The result shows that 75.9% of the participants prefer a poster that follows certain design guidelines, implying that poster design is an important aspect to consider to increase water fountain use among international students. We also found that the time international students spent in Canada is positively correlated to their perception of tap water safety and campus water fountain usage. This suggests that there is a knowledge gap amongst international students who have only been in Canada for a short time, so future tap water campaigns should aim to address this issue. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Additional file 4 of Development and reliability of questionnaires for the assessment of diet and physical activity behaviors in a multi-country sample in Europe the Feel4Diabetes Study
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Costas A.
name: Evaggelia Fappa
name: Zachari, Konstantina
name: Mavrogianni, Christina
name: Stappen, Vicky Van
name: Kivelä, Jemina
name: Virtanen, Eeva
name: González-Gil, Esther M.
name: Flores-Barrantes, Paloma
name: Nánási, Anna
name: Semánová, Csilla
name: Roumyana Dimova
name: Usheva, Natalya
name: Iotova, Violeta
name: Cardon, Greet
name: Manios, Yannis
name: Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S4 Intra-class correlation coefficients for test-retest in questions of the physical activity and sedentary behaviors questionnaire for children.
Accessibility and Contamination : A Mixed-Methods Study of How Location May Affect Green Bin Contamination at UBC
Creators: name: Olsen, Kyle
name: Stainsby, Sannah
name: Tkachuk, Claire
name: Ng, Sharlene Siwai
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This research report is written in collaboration with the Social Ecological and Developmental Studies (SEEDS) sustainability program at the Vancouver campus of the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, BC. The research and data collection are conducted under the guidance of SEEDS representative Bud Fraser. The study explores the waste management practices at UBC through the assessment of waste bin contamination levels of 47 waste bins located at the South of UBC. Given the multi-faceted importance of reducing green bin contamination, this research report examines the problem of contaminated green bins across the UBC campus. Specifically, we attempt to answer whether there is a relationship between green bin accessibility and their level of contamination. ‘Accessibility’ is explored from two perspectives: 1) the relative location of green bins to building (front/back), and 2) green bin proximity to pedestrian pathways. As of April 2020, SEEDS do not have a comprehensive database of locations and quantities of waste bins. This is one of the deliverables of our project, and perhaps what will be of most use. Using the methods of geographical information science (GIS), this research problem is explored through the creation of a database, two maps, and a spatial analysis of these maps. Overall, there were no major findings in support of a relationship between green bin contamination and accessibility. However, green bins located in remote locations (in the back of buildings; further from pedestrian pathways) tended to have lower rates of contamination. Notably, the findings and research of this report have been significantly reduced by the unprecedented circumstances of COVID-19. Consequently, we were unable to collect and analyze data collected from our additional, originally intended research methods: semi-structured interviews of the UBC operational waste management staff and an ethnographic waste-collection ride-along. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
HMRL: Hyper-Meta Learning for Sparse Reward Reinforcement Learning Problem
Creators: name: Hua, Yun
name: Wang, Xiangfeng
name: Jin, Bo
name: Li, Wenhao
name: Yan, Junchi
name: He, Xiaofeng
name: Zha, Hongyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In spite of the success of existing meta reinforcement learning methods, they still have difficulty in learning a meta policy effectively for RL problems with sparse reward. In this respect, we develop a novel meta reinforcement learning framework called Hyper-Meta RL(HMRL), for sparse reward RL problems. It is consisted with three modules including the cross-environment meta state embedding module which constructs a common meta state space to adapt to different environments; the meta state based environment-specific meta reward shaping which effectively extends the original sparse reward trajectory by cross-environmental knowledge complementarity and as a consequence the meta policy achieves better generalization and efficiency with the shaped meta reward. Experiments with sparse-reward environments show the superiority of HMRL on both transferability and policy learning efficiency.
description: 13 pages
Solving Potential Scattering Equations without Partial Wave Decomposition
Creators: name: Caia, George
name: Pascalutsa, Vladimir
name: Wright, Louis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering two-body integral equations we show how they can be dimensionally reduced by integrating exactly over the azimuthal angle of the intermediate momentum. Numerical solution of the resulting equation is feasible without employing a partial-wave expansion. We illustrate this procedure for the Bethe-Salpeter equation for pion-nucleon scattering and give explicit details for the one-nucleon-exchange term in the potential. Finally, we show how this method can be applied to pion photoproduction from the nucleon with $πN$ rescattering being treated so as to maintain unitarity to first order in the electromagnetic coupling. The procedure for removing the azimuthal angle dependence becomes increasingly complex as the spin of the particles involved increases.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
High Spectral Resolution H2 Measurements of Herbig-Haro Objects 38, 46/47, and HH 120
Creators: name: Schwartz, Richard D.
name: Greene, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high spectral resolution (R=20,000) measurements of the H2 1-0 S(1) line in Herbig-Haro Objects 38, 46/47, and 120. The long-slit spectra reveal complex velocity structure with evidence for bow-shock structures as well as prompt entrainment and shock heating of ambient molecular gas. Individual knots within HH 38 show distinct double peaked velocity stucture, consistent with that expected from spatially unresolved bow shocks. A portion of the HH 47A bow shock is resolved in our measurements, and the kinematics of the H2 trace closely that found for H-alpha emission. The evidence indicates that the preshock medium for HH 47A that formed in the wake of a previous ejection contains molecular clumps. The HH 46CjetA feature in the HH 46/47 counterflow is suggestive of a bow shock emerging from near the base of the flow, with H2 emission arising from ambient cloud material excited in the oblique flanks of the bow shock. HH 46F is situated downstream at the boundary between an ovoid cavity and the ambient could material, and represents either entrainment by a stellar wind that fills the cavity or entrainment in the far wing of a giant bow shock. For HH 120, the H2 velocity results also corroborate those found from atomic emission, and there is substantial evidence that the preshock medium is inhomogeneous, producing clumps of H2 emission on the wings of a bow shock that has an apex at HH 120A.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Vibrational properties of phonons in random binary alloys: An augmented space recursive technique in the k-representation
Creators: name: Alam, Aftab
name: Mookerjee, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here an augmented space recursive technique in the k-representation which include diagonal, off-diagonal and the environmental disorder explicitly : an analytic, translationally invariant, multiple scattering theory for phonons in random binary alloys.We propose the augmented space recursion (ASR) as a computationally fast and accurate technique which will incorporate configuration fluctuations over a large local environment. We apply the formalism to $Ni_{55}Pd_{45}$, $Ni_{88}Cr_12}$ and $Ni_{50}Pt_{50}$ alloys which is not a random choice. Numerical results on spectral functions, coherent structure factors, dispersion curves and disordered induced FWHM's are presented. Finally the results are compared with the recent itinerant coherent potential approximation (ICPA) and also with experiments.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX, 23 figures
Generalized Shannon inequalities based on Tsallis relative operator entropy
Creators: name: Yanagi, Kenjiro
name: Kuriyama, Ken
name: Furuichi, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47A63, 60E15, 26D15

description: Tsallis relative operator entropy is defined and then its properties are given. Shannon inequality and its reverse one in Hilbert space operators derived by T.Furuta \cite{Fu:par} are extended in terms of the parameter of the Tsallis relative operator entropy. Moreover the generalized Tsallis relative operator entropy is introduced and then several operator inequalities are derived.
New Visualization of Surfaces in Parallel Coordinates - Eliminating Ambiguity and Some "Over-Plotting"
Creators: name: Izhakian, Zur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.1.;I.1.1

description: $\cal{A}$ point $P \in \Real^n$ is represented in Parallel Coordinates by a polygonal line $\bar{P}$ (see \cite{Insel99a} for a recent survey). Earlier \cite{inselberg85plane}, a surface $σ$ was represented as the {\em envelope} of the polygonal lines representing it's points. This is ambiguous in the sense that {\em different} surfaces can provide the {\em same} envelopes. Here the ambiguity is eliminated by considering the surface $σ$ as the envelope of it's {\em tangent planes} and in turn, representing each of these planes by $n$-1 points \cite{Insel99a}. This, with some future extension, can yield a new and unambiguous representation, $\barσ$, of the surface consisting of $n$-1 planar regions whose properties correspond lead to the {\em recognition} of the surfaces' properties i.e. developable, ruled etc. \cite{hung92smooth}) and {\em classification} criteria. It is further shown that the image (i.e. representation) of an algebraic surface of degree 2 in $\Real^n$ is a region whose boundary is also an algebraic curve of degree 2. This includes some {\em non-convex} surfaces which with the previous ambiguous representation could not be treated. An efficient construction algorithm for the representation of the quadratic surfaces (given either by {\em explicit} or {\em implicit} equation) is provided. The results obtained are suitable for applications, to be presented in a future paper, and in particular for the approximation of complex surfaces based on their {\em planar} images. An additional benefit is the elimination of the ``over-plotting'' problem i.e. the ``bunching'' of polygonal lines which often obscure part of the parallel-coordinate display.
description: 13 pages 8 figures
B_K from Two-flavor Dynamical Domain Wall Fermions
Creators: name: Izubuchi, Taku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report preliminary results from an ongoing calculation of $B_K$ for $N_f=2$ dynamical QCD with domain wall fermions. Simulations have been done with three dynamical quark masses on $16^3 \times 32$ volumes with $L_s = 12$, where the lattice spacing is $a^{-1} = 1.81(6)$ GeV. Using measurements on $\sim 70$ lattices for each dynamical mass and extrapolating $\mdyn=\mval$ to the kaon point, we find $B_K^{\rm \bar{MS}}(μ=2{\rm GeV}) = 0.503(20)$.
description: Lattice2003(matrix), 3 pages, 2 figures
A Possibility in Algorithmic Fairness: Can Calibration and Equal Error Rates Be Reconciled?
Creators: name: Reich, Claire Lazar
name: Vijaykumar, Suhas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Decision makers increasingly rely on algorithmic risk scores to determine access to binary treatments including bail, loans, and medical interventions. In these settings, we reconcile two fairness criteria that were previously shown to be in conflict: calibration and error rate equality. In particular, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of calibrated scores that yield classifications achieving equal error rates at any given group-blind threshold. We then present an algorithm that searches for the most accurate score subject to both calibration and minimal error rate disparity. Applied to the COMPAS criminal risk assessment tool, we show that our method can eliminate error disparities while maintaining calibration. In a separate application to credit lending, we compare our procedure to the omission of sensitive features and show that it raises both profit and the probability that creditworthy individuals receive loans.
description: 2nd Symposium on Foundations of Responsible Computing (FORC 2021) https://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2021/13872/
Ploceus ocularius
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Ploceidae
Ploceus
Ploceus ocularius

description: Ploceus ocularius [sic] abayensis Neumann
Ploceus ocularius [sic] abayensis Neumann, 1905: 339 (Gigiro in Gudji östlich des Abaya-Sees).
Now Ploceus ocularis crocatus (Hartlaub, 1881). See Hartert, 1919: 138; Moreau and Greenway, 1962: 38; Dickinson, 2003: 720; Fry and Keith, 2004: 117–120; Ash and Atkins, 2009: 337; and Craig, 2010: 182–183.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 724516, female, collected at Gigiro in Gudji, east of Lake Abaya, 06.01N, 37.41E–06.36N, 38.07E (Ash and Atkins, 2009: 399), Ethiopia, 25 December 1900, by Oscar Neumann (no. 487). From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: Neumann cited his field number of the holotype in the original description but did not enumerate his type series. The holotype is the only Neumann specimen of this form that came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 20, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Additional file 3 of Development and reliability of questionnaires for the assessment of diet and physical activity behaviors in a multi-country sample in Europe the Feel4Diabetes Study
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Costas A.
name: Evaggelia Fappa
name: Zachari, Konstantina
name: Mavrogianni, Christina
name: Stappen, Vicky Van
name: Kivelä, Jemina
name: Virtanen, Eeva
name: González-Gil, Esther M.
name: Flores-Barrantes, Paloma
name: Nánási, Anna
name: Semánová, Csilla
name: Roumyana Dimova
name: Usheva, Natalya
name: Iotova, Violeta
name: Cardon, Greet
name: Manios, Yannis
name: Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3 Intra-class correlation coefficients for test-retest in questions of the physical activity and sedentary behaviors questionnaire for adults.
AGRARSTRUKTUR UND GEMEINSAME AGRARPOLITIK – EINE ANALYSE DER DEUTSCHEN DEBATTE ANHAND
Creators: name: Nowack, Wiebke
name: Schmid, Julia Christiane
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Nowack, Wiebke
name: Schmid, Julia Christiane
name: Grethe, Harald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: GAP
subject: Agrarstrukturwandel
subject: Betriebsgröße
subject: Gemeinwohlleistungen
subject: agrarstruktureller Diskurs

description: Der Umgang mit dem Agrarstrukturwandel wird in Deutschland kontrovers diskutiert. Die Argumentationen politischer Akteure scheinen dabei diffus. Ein gesellschaftlicher Diskurs über agrarstrukturelle Fragen und ein wissensbasierter Aushandlungsprozess über Ziele und Instrumente werden damit erschwert. In diesem Beitrag werden mittels einer Inhaltsanalyse von Stellungnahmen zur Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) Kernpositionen herausgearbeitet und zugänglicher gemacht. Im Ergebnis kann zwischen zwei Akteursgruppen unterschieden werden: Befürwortern und Gegnern einer Politik zugunsten kleinerer Betriebe. Argumentiert wird insbesondere über die Themenschwerpunkte Verteilungsgerechtigkeit und Multifunktionalität. Trotz ähnlicher Positionierungen ziehen einige Akteure unterschiedliche Schlussfolgerungen. Dies zeigt unter anderem die Notwendigkeit einer vermehrten Erforschung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Größenstrukturen und Gemeinwohlleistungen.
DIE GESELLSCHAFTLICHE RELEVANZ UNTERSCHIEDLICHER HALTUNGSPARAMETER IN DER DEUTSCHEN NUTZTIERHALTUNG
Creators: name: Inken, Christoph-Schulz
name: Rovers, Anja
name: Inken, Christoph-Schulz
name: Rovers, Anja
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018

description: Die gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz der landwirtschaftlichen Nutztierhaltung ist europaweit rückläufig und die Bedingungen, unter denen die Tiere leben, werden vielfach diskutiert. Auf Basis einer Onlinebefragung untersucht der vorliegende Beitrag die Relevanz unterschiedlicher Haltungsparameter für Legehennen, Mastschweine und Milchkühe. Dabei zeigt sich, dass abwechslungsreiches Futter für alle Tierarten von besonderer Relevanz ist, während der Verzicht auf importiertes Futter von untergeordneter Bedeutung ist.
GETREIDEVERMARKTUNG IN NORDDEUTSCHLAND
Creators: name: Potts, Franziska
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Potts, Franziska
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Getreide
subject: Vermarktung
subject: Optimierungsalgorithmen
subject: Risikomanagement
subject: Preise

description: In diesem Beitrag soll die Frage, zu welchem Zeitpunkt Getreide am besten vermarktet werden sollte, betrachtet werden. Dabei werden drei Optimierungsansätze von BERG (1987) und BLAKESLEE & LONE (1995) berücksichtigt und auf simulierte und reale Preisdaten aus Norddeutschland angewendet. Anschließend werden sie hinsichtlich ihrer Ergebnisse zum optimalen Vermarktungszeitpunkt und dem daraus resultierenden monetären Ertrag miteinander verglichen.
On marginally resolved objects in optical interferometry
Creators: name: Lachaume, Regis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the present and soon-to-be breakthrough of optical interferometry, countless objects shall be within reach of interferometers; yet, most of them are expected to remain only marginally resolved with hectometric baselines. In this paper, we tackle the problem of deriving the properties of a marginally resolved object from its optical visibilities. We show that they depend on the moments of flux distribution of the object: centre, mean angular size, asymmetry, and curtosis. We also point out that the visibility amplitude is a second-order phenomenon, whereas the phase is a combination of a first-order term, giving the location of the photocentre, and a third-order term, more difficult to detect than the visibility amplitude, giving an asymmetry coefficient of the object. We then demonstrate that optical visibilities are not a good model constraint while the object stays marginally resolved, unless observations are carried out at different wavelengths. Finally, we show an application of this formalism to circumstellar discs.
description: 10 pages 8 figures (layout slightly different from that of A&A)
VERSCHÄRFUNG DER CROSS-COMPLIANCE-ANFORDERUNGEN IN DER SCHWEIZ IM BEREICH PESTIZIDEINSATZ UND FUTTERMITTEL: WAS SIND DIE AUSWIRKUNGEN?
Creators: name: Schmidt, Alena
name: Mack, Gabriele
name: Möhring, Anke
name: Schmidt, Alena
name: Mack, Gabriele
name: Möhring, Anke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cross-Compliance
subject: Direktzahlungen
subject: Politikfolgenabschätzung
subject: Agentenbasierte Modellierung

description: In der Schweiz verlangt eine Volksinitiative eine Verschärfung der bestehenden Cross-Compliance-Anforderungen. Es sollen nur noch Betriebe Direktzahlungen erhalten, wenn sie pestizidfrei produzieren, die Tiere mit dem auf dem Betrieb produzierten Futter ernähren können und Antibiotika nicht prophylaktisch oder regelmäßig einsetzen. Ziel der Studie ist es, die ökologischen und ökonomischen Folgen der Initiative mit dem Multiagentenmodell SWISSland abzuschätzen. Unter der Initiative werden etwa die Hälfte der Veredlungsbetriebe auf Direktzahlungen verzichten. Mutterkuhbetriebe halten die neuen Bedingungen mehrheitlich ein.
Evaluation of large area surface texture using vision technique and approximate light reflection model
Creators: name: Hitendra Kumar
name: Janakarajan Ramkumar
name: K S Venkatesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 99902 Engineering Instrumentation
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: In this work, we present a simplified method for surface roughness evaluation using a non-contact based approach. For studying the applicability of the method, specimens are produced by performing mechanical surface grinding with varying machining conditions. Varying machining conditions produce surface with different characteristics and in scope of this work, two surface roughness descriptors (Ra and Rq) are evaluated and validated against the measurements from a stylus based surface analyser. An in-house fabricated experimental setup is then used to capture surface images using a digital microscope and a collimated light source. The setup allows for alignment of collimated light source at desired azimuthal and elevation angles. Images with different illumination directions are combined to reconstruct the surface profile. For surface reconstruction, 3-component light reflection model is utilized. We propose a simplified hypothetical function which approximates the 3-component reflection model of a surface. A tailored algorithm consists of three parts – surface orientation angle identification, selection of optimum value from orientation candidates and generation of profile. First segment identifies possible candidates for surface inclination by using the approximate BRDF library generated by proposed parametric function. The decision making algorithm evaluates statistical parameters from image gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) to estimate optimum pixel pair spacing and then selects suitable surface inclination. From surface inclination at each pixel, a 2D profile is constructed. The proposed model is able to estimate Ra values with maximum error of 22.32% and minimum of 6.35%. Rq values are estimated with a maximum error of 19.10% and minimum error of 0.69%.
MEASUREMENT AND COMPARISON OF AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT ACROSS EU MEMBER STATES: AN EVALUATION OF EXISTING INDICATORS AND POTENTIAL WAYS FORWARD
Creators: name: Demoustier, Jana K.
name: Demoustier, Jana K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Measurement of Agricultural Support
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: Producer Support Estimate

description: Agricultural producers in the European Union (EU) receive public support through different support instruments and from different sources. So far, there is no database which provides a comprehensive overview of agricultural support in the respective member states. This study evaluates support indicators from different available data sources against seven criteria. It provides member state specific Producer Support Estimates (PSEs) based on OECD methodology for the period 2000 to 2013 and compares these estimates with other existing support indicators.
Deposition Morphology of Granular Column Collapses
Creators: name: Man, Teng
name: Huppert, Herbert E.
name: Li, Ling
name: Galindo-Torres, Sergio Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Granular column collapses result in an array of flow phenomena and deposition morphologies, the understanding of which brings insights into studying granular flows in both natural and engineering systems. Guided by experiments, we carried out computational studies with the discrete element method (DEM) to identify fundamental links between the macro-scale behavior and micro-scale properties of granular columns. A physics-based non-dimensional number combining particle and bulk properties of the column, $α_{\textrm{eff}}$, was found to determinate three collapse regimes (quasi-static, inertial, and liquid-like), revealing universal trends of flow regimes and deposition morphologies under different conditions. This non-dimensional number represents physically the competing inertial and frictional effects that govern the behavior of the granular column collapse, including energy conversion and dissipation. The finding is important for understanding quantitatively the flow of granular materials and their deposits.
E-APR: Mapping the Effectiveness of Automated Program Repair
Creators: name: Aleti, Aldeida
name: Martinez, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated Program Repair (APR) is a fast growing area with numerous new techniques being developed to tackle one of the most challenging software engineering problems. APR techniques have shown promising results, giving us hope that one day it will be possible for software to repair itself. In this paper, we focus on the problem of objective performance evaluation of APR techniques. We introduce a new approach, Explaining Automated Program Repair (E-APR), which identifies features of buggy programs that explain why a particular instance is difficult for an APR technique. E-APR is used to examine the diversity and quality of the buggy programs used by most researchers, and analyse the strengths and weaknesses of existing APR techniques. E-APR visualises an instance space of buggy programs, with each buggy program represented as a point in the space. The instance space is constructed to reveal areas of hard and easy buggy programs, and enables the strengths and weaknesses of APR techniques to be identified.
Collective coordinates of the Skyrme model coupled with fermions
Creators: name: Shnir, Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of construction of fiber bundle over the moduli space of the Skyrme model is considered. We analyse an extension of the original Skyrme model which includes the minimal interaction with fermions. An analogy with modili space of the fermion-monopole system is used to construct a fiber bundle structure over the skyrmion moduli space. The possibility of the non-trivial holonomy appearance is considered. It is shown that the effect of the fermion interaction turns the $n$-skyrmion moduli space into a real vector bundle with natural $SO(2n+1)$ connection.
description: 10 pages
WIE BEEINFLUSSEN SALZCHARAKTERISTIKA DIE VERBRAUCHERPREISE VON SALZ? EINE MULTIVARIATE ANALYSE MIT ONLINEDATEN
Creators: name: BUSL, Laura
name: JORDAN, Irmgard
name: HERRMANN, Roland
name: BUSL, Laura
name: JORDAN, Irmgard
name: HERRMANN, Roland
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Salzmarkt
subject: hedonische Preisanalyse
subject: Qualitätswettbewerb
subject: Preiswettbewerb

description: Speisesalz ist in wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Lehrtexten ein häufiger genanntes Beispiel für ein homogenes Gut. Einiges spricht jedoch gegen diese Homogenitätsannahme. Verschiedene Hersteller werben erfolgreich mit dem Premiumcharakter ihres Speisesalzes, und in der Ernährungspolitik wird nicht nur eine Verminderung des Salzgehalts in der menschlichen Ernährung als Ziel formuliert, sondern auch eine veränderte Struktur des Salzverbrauchs. So wird die Anreicherung von Salz mit Fluorid, Folsäure und insbesondere mit Jod empfohlen (BMEL, 2017). Die Frage liegt nahe, ob Produktdifferenzierung dieser Art auch zu Preisunterschieden führt und inwieweit Salzcharakteristika die Verbraucherpreise von Speisesalz beeinflussen. Wir beantworten diese Frage mit Hilfe einer hedonischen Preisanalyse für den deutschen Onlinemarkt für Speisesalz. Es zeigen sich starke Auswirkungen verschiedener Salzcharakteristika auf die Salzpreise. Allerdings hat die aus gesundheitspolitischen Gründen erwünschte Anreicherung von Speisesalz mit Jod, Fluorid oder Folsäure keine preissteigernden Effekte auf der Verbraucherstufe zur Folge.
Charge-ordering, commensurability and metallicity in the phase diagram of layered Na(x)CoO(2)
Creators: name: Foo, Maw Lin
name: Wang, Yayu
name: Watauchi, Satoshi
name: Zandbergen, H. W.
name: He, Tao
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Ong, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of non-hydrated Na(x)CoO(2) has been determined by changing the Na content x using a series of chemical reactions. As x increases from 0.3, the ground state goes from a paramagnetic metal to a charge-ordered insulator (at x=1/2) to a `Curie-Weiss metal' (around 0.70), and finally to a weak-moment magnetically ordered state (x>0.75). The unusual properties of the state at 1/2 (including particle-hole symmetry at low T and enhanced thermal conductivity) are described. The strong coupling between the Na ions and the holes is emphasized.
description: 4 pages with 3 figures, changed content
DAS BILD DER GEFLÜGELHALTUNG IN DEN DEUTSCHEN PRINTMEDIEN
Creators: name: Brümmer, Nanke
name: Wolfram, Jenny
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Christoph-Schulz, Inken
name: Brümmer, Nanke
name: Wolfram, Jenny
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Christoph-Schulz, Inken
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geflügelhaltung
subject: Printmedien
subject: Medieninhaltsanalyse

description: In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, wie die Geflügelhaltung in allgemeinen deutschen Printmedien dargestellt wird. Dazu wurden 211 Artikel aus dem Zeitraum 01.01.2010 bis 31.12.2015, die sich ausschließlich mit der Geflügelhaltung befassen, inhaltsanalytisch untersucht. Die Auswertungen zeigen, dass im Zusammenhang mit der Geflügelhaltung vorwiegend die Tierhaltung thematisiert wird und politische Akteure am häufigsten genannt werden. Zudem lässt sich feststellen, dass über die Geflügelhaltung häufiger und negativer berichtet wird als über die Rinder- oder Schweinehaltung.
Additional file 2 of Development and reliability of questionnaires for the assessment of diet and physical activity behaviors in a multi-country sample in Europe the Feel4Diabetes Study
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Costas A.
name: Evaggelia Fappa
name: Zachari, Konstantina
name: Mavrogianni, Christina
name: Stappen, Vicky Van
name: Kivelä, Jemina
name: Virtanen, Eeva
name: González-Gil, Esther M.
name: Flores-Barrantes, Paloma
name: Nánási, Anna
name: Semánová, Csilla
name: Roumyana Dimova
name: Usheva, Natalya
name: Iotova, Violeta
name: Cardon, Greet
name: Manios, Yannis
name: Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2 Intra-class correlation coefficients for test-retest in questions of the food-frequency and eating behaviors questionnaire for children.
Computing Sequence Covering Arrays using Unified Combinatorial Interaction Testing
Creators: name: Mercan, Hanefi
name: Yilmaz, Cemal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Unified combinatorial interaction testing; sequence covering arrays; combinatorial interaction testing; constraint solving

description: Unified Combinatorial Interaction Testing (U-CIT) aims to reduce the barriers to applying combinatorial interaction testing (CIT) approaches to different testing scenarios by generalizing the construction of the CIT objects, so that the necessity of developing a specialized constructor for each distinct scenario, is avoided. In this work, to demonstrate the flexibility provided by U-CIT, we apply it to compute a well-known combinatorial object for testing, namely sequence covering arrays, together with some practical extensions.
A Generalized framework of weak value amplification in path interference of polarized light for the enhancement of all possible polarization anisotropy effects
Creators: name: Modak, Niladri
name: S, Athira B
name: Singh, Ankit Kumar
name: Ghosh, Nirmalya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the profound interferometric philosophy of weak value amplification, we propose a simple, general and a robust polarization method for the amplification and quantification of small magnitudes of all possible polarization anisotropy effects in a single experimental embodiment. The approach is experimentally realized by introducing a weak coupling between the polarization degree of freedom of light and the path degree of freedom in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the presence of a weak anisotropy effect. Real and imaginary weak value amplifications of different polarization anisotropy effects are manifested as characteristic changes in relevant Stokes vector elements at the exit port of the interferometer, which follow orthogonal trajectories in the Poincare sphere. The proof of concept experiment demonstrates that using this scheme, one can faithfully extract and quantify anisotropy parameter that is smaller than the typical sensitivity of measurement of a given Stokes parameter of a traditional polarimeter by a large weak value amplification factor. This opens up possibility of a sample measuring weak value polarimeter for studying rich variety of fundamental optical effects and for materials characterization and precision metrology.