cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Plasmodium falciparum pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions and performance of a rapid diagnostic test for identifying asymptomatic malaria infection in northern Ethiopia, 2015
Creators: name: Rogier, Eric
name: Plucinski, Mateusz
name: Sime, Heven
name: Leonard, Colleen M.
name: Assefa, Ashenafi
name: Solomon, Hiwot
name: Haile, Mebrahtom
name: Mohammed, Hussein
name: McCaffery, Jessica N.
name: Herman, Camelia
name: Kebede, Amha
name: Murphy, Matt
name: Hwang, Jimee
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Background Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used for malaria diagnosis of both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. Although RDTs are a reliable and practical diagnostic tool, the sensitivity of histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2)-based RDTs can be reduced if pfhrp2 or pfhrp3 (pfhrp2/3) gene deletions exist in the Plasmodium falciparum parasite population. This study evaluated dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected from a national household survey to investigate the presence of pfhrp2/3 deletions and the performance of the RDT used in the cross-sectional survey in a low transmission setting. Methods The 2015 Ethiopia Malaria Indicator Survey tested household members by RDT and collected DBS samples. DBS (n = 2648) from three regions in northern Ethiopia were tested by multiplex bead-based antigen detection assay after completion of the survey. The multiplex assay detected pan-Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pAldolase, and HRP2 antigens in samples. Samples suspected for pfhrp2/3 gene deletions (pLDH and/or pAldolase positive but low or absent HRP2) were further investigated by molecular assays for gene deletions. Antigen results were also compared to each individual’s RDT results. Dose–response logistic regression models were fit to estimate RDT level of detection (LOD) antigen concentrations at which 50, 75, 90, and 95% of the RDTs returned a positive result during this survey. Results Out of 2,648 samples assayed, 29 were positive for pLDH or pAldolase antigens but low or absent for HRP2 signal, and 15 of these samples (51.7%) were successfully genotyped for pfhrp2/3. Of these 15 P. falciparum infections, eight showed single deletions in pfhrp3, one showed a single pfhrp2 deletion, and six were pfhrp2/3 double-deletions. Six pfhrp2 deletions were observed in Tigray and one in Amhara. Twenty-five were positive for HRP2 by the survey RDT while the more sensitive bead assay detected 30 HRP2-positive samples. A lower concentration of HRP2 antigen generated a positive test result by RDT compared to pLDH (95% LOD: 16.9 ng/mL vs. 319.2 ng/mL, respectively). Conclusions There is evidence of dual pfhrp2/3 gene deletions in the Tigray and Amhara regions of Ethiopia in 2015. As the prevalence of malaria was very low (< 2%), it is difficult to make strong conclusions on RDT performance, but these results challenge the utility of biomarkers in household surveys in very low transmission settings.
Convergence towards the end space for random walks on Schreier graphs
Creators: name: Stankov, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C81, 60B15, 60J50, 05C25, 20F65, 60J10

description: We consider a transitive action of a finitely generated group $G$ and the Schreier graph $Γ$ defined by this action for some fixed generating set. For a probability measure $μ$ on $G$ with a finite first moment we show that if the induced random walk is transient, it converges towards the space of ends of $Γ$. As a corollary we obtain that for a probability measure with a finite first moment on Thompson's group $F$, the support of which generates $F$ as a semigroup, the induced random walk on the dyadic numbers has a non-trivial Poisson boundary. Some assumption on the moment of the measure is necessary as follows from an example by Juschenko and Zheng.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Changes from previous version: Added Proposition 2.6. Updated references
Estimating the impact of donor programs on child mortality in low- and middle-income countries: a synthetic control analysis of child health programs funded by the United States Agency for International Development
Creators: name: Andrus, Althea
name: Cohen, Robert
name: Piya, Bhumika
name: Weiss, William
name: Ahsan, Karar Zunaid
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Background Significant levels of funding have been provided to low- and middle-income countries for development assistance for health, with most funds coming through direct bilateral investment led by the USA and the UK. Direct attribution of impact to large-scale programs funded by donors remains elusive due the difficulty of knowing what would have happened without those programs, and the lack of detailed contextual information to support causal interpretation of changes. Methods This study uses the synthetic control analysis method to estimate the impact of one donor’s funding (United States Agency for International Development, USAID) on under-five mortality across several low- and middle-income countries that received above average levels of USAID funding for maternal and child health programs between 2000 and 2016. Results In the study period (2000–16), countries with above average USAID funding had an under-five mortality rate lower than the synthetic control by an average of 29 deaths per 1000 live births (year-to-year range of − 2 to − 38). This finding was consistent with several sensitivity analyses. Conclusions The synthetic control method is a valuable addition to the range of approaches for quantifying the impact of large-scale health programs in low- and middle-income countries. The findings suggest that adequately funded donor programs (in this case USAID) help countries to reduce child mortality to significantly lower rates than would have occurred without those investments.
Great Minds Speak Alike: Inter-Court Communication of Metaphor in Education Finance Litigation
Creators: Saleh, Matthew Christian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and state
subject: Public schools--U.S. states--Finance
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Judicial process

description: This project uses a mixed methods approach to analyze the communication of metaphors about educational equity and adequacy, between co-equal state supreme courts in education finance litigation (1971-present). Evidence demonstrates that a number of pervasive metaphors about students and educational opportunities (“sound basic education,” “marketplace of ideas,” students as “competitors in the global economy”) have been shared and conventionalized within judicial networks, with significant implications for how courts interpret educational rights under state constitutions. The project first conducts a qualitative discourse analysis of education finance litigation in New York State (four cases) using Pragglejaz Group’s (2007) Metaphor Identification Procedure, to identify micro-level examples of metaphor usage in actual judicial discourse. Then, it performs quantitative and qualitative social network analysis of the entire education finance judicial network for state supreme courts (65 cases), to analyze two different “relations” between this set of actors: shared citation (formal relation) and shared metaphor (informal relation). Data analysis shows that there exist both formal and informal channels of judicial communication—communication we can “see,” and communication we can’t—and commonalities in discursive strategies (informal ties) are, in some ways, potentially more cohesive than direct, formal ties. The project also finds that courts looking to break with existing state precedent are more likely to turn to inter-court metaphors to validate their holdings. This project seeks to describe how metaphors become diffuse within judicial networks, and more generally seeks to enhance understanding of the ways in which political viewpoints on public benefits and rights are communicated through elite channels.
Symmetry Groups and Equivalence Transformations in the Nonlinear Donnell-Mushtari-Vlasov Theory for Shallow Shells
Creators: name: Vassilev, Vassil M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74B20; 35J60; 54H99

description: In the case of transversely only loaded shallow shells, the nonlinear Donnell-Mushtari-Vlasov theory for large deflection of isotropic thin elastic shells leads to a system of two coupled nonlinear forth-order partial differential equations known as Marguerre's equations. This system involves two arbitrary elements -- the curvature tensor of the shell middle-surface and the function of transversal load per unit surface area. In the present note, the point symmetry groups of Marguerre's equations are established, the corresponding group classification problem being solved. It is shown that Marguerre's equations are equivalent to the von Karman equations for large deflection of plates in the time-independent case and in the time-dependent case as well. It is also observed that the same holds true in respect of the field equations for anisotropic shallow shells.
description: 6 pages
Additional file 13 of Endoplasmic reticulum stress increases exosome biogenesis and packaging relevant to sperm maturation in response to oxidative stress in obese mice
Creators: name: Li, Yangyang
name: Zhao, Wenzhen
name: Fu, Rong
name: Ma, Zhuoyao
name: Hu, Yanqin
name: Liu, Yue
name: Ding, Zhide
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 13.
Urban Onsite Sanitation Upgrades and Synanthropic Flies in Maputo, Mozambique: Effects on Enteric Pathogen Infection Risks
Creators: name: Irish, Seth R.
name: Cumming, Oliver
name: Brown, Joe
name: Knee, Jackie
name: Adriano, Zaida
name: Capone, Drew
name: Nala, Rassul
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2022

description:
Synanthropic filth flies transport enteric pathogens from feces to food, which upon consumption poses an infection risk. We evaluated the effect of an onsite sanitation intervention─including fly control measures─in Maputo, Mozambique, on the risk of infection from consuming fly-contaminated food. After enumerating flies at intervention and control sites, we cultured fecal indicator bacteria, quantified gene copies for 22 enteric pathogens via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and developed quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) models to estimate annual risks of infection attributable to fly-contaminated foods. We found that the intervention reduced fly counts at latrine entrances by 69% (aRR = 0.31, [0.13, 0.75]) but not at food preparation areas (aRR = 0.92, [0.33, 2.6]). Half of (23/46) of individual flies were positive for culturable Escherichia coli, and we detected ≥1 pathogen gene from 45% (79/176) of flies, including enteropathogenic E. coli (37/176), adenovirus (25/176), Giardia spp. (13/176), and Trichuris trichiura (12/176). We detected ≥1 pathogen gene from half the flies caught in control (54%, 30/56) and intervention compounds (50%, 17/34) at baseline, which decreased 12 months post-intervention to 43% (23/53) at control compounds and 27% (9/33) for intervention compounds. These data indicate flies as a potentially important mechanical vector for enteric pathogen transmission in this setting. The intervention may have reduced the risk of fly-mediated enteric infection for some pathogens, but infrequent detection resulted in wide confidence intervals; we observed no apparent difference in infection risk between groups in a pooled estimate of all pathogens assessed (aRR = 0.84, [0.61, 1.2]). The infection risks posed by flies suggest that the design of sanitation systems and service delivery should include fly control measures to prevent enteric pathogen transmission.
title: The Effects of Mood Intensity and Mood Valence on Working Memory Performance
Creators: name: Reiestad, Magnus Tallaksen
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mood-cognition
subject: Working memory performance
subject: Mood valence

description: The current research examined mood-cognition relationships, more specifically the effects of mood valence and mood intensity on working memory (WM) performance. According to the resource allocation model (Ellis & Ashbrook, 1988; Seibert & Ellis, 1991) mood adversely affects cognitive task performance because attention is drawn towards the mood state and away from the task. This is consistent with numerous studies showing that mood disorders are associated with impaired cognitive performance. However, the results are less consistent in studies using experimental mood inductions of healthy participants. Some studies show that induced mood states debilitate performance while others show that induced mood states can facilitate cognitive performance. These apparently conflicting lines of evidence might be reconciled if mood intensity is taken into account. Mild moods might enhance performance on specific tasks while high- intensity moods might uniformly disrupt performance. This idea has not been widely investigated. Most experimental mood – cognition research has treated mood as a categorical variable defined by valence alone (i.e., positive or negative) and ignored mood intensity. The first aim of the research was to develop mood inductions of different intensities and valence. The second aim was to use these mood inductions to assess the effects of mood intensity and valence on WM performance. Five experiments with female undergraduate university students as participants were conducted to achieve these aims.
Greenlining: Segregation and Environmental Policies in Miami from the New Deal to the Climate Crisis
Creators: Donald, Rosalind
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Environmental justice
History
Blacks
Climatic changes
African Americans--Segregation
Gentrification--Government policy
Poor

description: What do people talk about when they talk about climate change? This dissertation sets out to answer this question by focusing on local understandings of climate change and the policy priorities that result from them in Miami. Through a historical study that spans from the 1920s to today and 88 hourlong interviews, I demonstrate that climate change is a historically contingent, contested, and localized concept defined by power relationships. Through a historical investigation of the narratives that connect environmental policies with segregation and efforts to displace Miami’s Black residents over more than 80 years, I show how historic understandings of race and the environment inform debates about what climate change means and what to do about it today. This investigation shows how Miami’s current response to climate change has been shaped by its history as a colonial city built on the maximization of land value and exclusionary planning and policies. I find that dominant understandings of climate change in Miami have been rooted in concern for the effects of sea level rise on property prices, directing policy money toward shoreline areas while continuing to encourage a building boom that is accelerating gentrification. This set of responses is not haphazard. As my research shows, it represents a continuation of local and international patterns of exploitation. In recent years, however, a coalition of activist groups mounted an unprecedented campaign to force the city to include social and environmental justice concerns in its policy agenda. This coalition mobilized Miami’s history of environmentally-justified urban removal as a key counternarrative to policies that have historically ignored the problems of low-income areas, especially in Miami’s historically Black neighborhoods, to demand a coordinated response to environmental and social vulnerability.
A Refined Similarity Hypothesis for Transverse Structure Functions
Creators: name: Chen, Shiyi
name: Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
name: Nelkin, Mark
name: Cao, Nianzheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue on the basis of empirical data that Kolmogorov's refined similarity hypothesis (RSH) needs to be modified for transverse velocity increments, and propose an alternative. In this new form, transverse velocity increments bear the same relation to locally averaged enstrophy (squared vorticity) as longitudinal velocity increments bear in RSH to locally averaged dissipation. We support this hypothesis by analyzing high-resolution numerical simulation data for isotropic turbulence. RSH and its proposed modification for transverse velocity increments (RSHT) appear to represent two independent scaling groups.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 6: of Determination of developmental and ripening stages of whole tomato fruit using portable infrared spectroscopy and Chemometrics
Creators: name: Skolik, Paul
name: Morais, Camilo
name: Martin, Francis
name: McAinsh, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S4. Development stages of tomato fruit S. lycopersicum (cv. Moneymaker), corresponding spectral classes, and their AMS (USDA) grade designation (Kader and Morris [44]; Sargent [43]; Maul et al. [42]). (DOCX 13 kb)
Post-randomization Differences in Condomless Vaginal Sex Among Women Randomized to Intramuscular Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Injections, a Copper Intrauterine Device or a Levonorgestrel Implant in the ECHO Trial
Creators: name: Gao, Xiaoming
name: Chen, Pai Lien
name: Palanee-Phillips, Thesla
name: Jaspan, Heather
name: Nair, Gonasagrie
name: Deese, Jennifer
name: Onono, Maricianah
name: Steiner, Markus J.
name: Miller, Ashley
name: Lapple, Dana
name: Hobbs, Marcia
name: Heffron, Renee
name: Reddy, Krishnaveni
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
The Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial found no substantial difference in HIV acquisition risk between women randomised to injectable intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM), copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) or the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant. We evaluated post-randomization sexual behavior using an objective marker of condomless vaginal sex in a subset of participants. We conducted a sub-study among 458 ECHO participants at three sites (Cape Town, Johannesburg, Kisumu) to evaluate the frequency of condomless vaginal sex, measured by prostate specific antigen (PSA) detection in vaginal swabs, collected at the month 6 and final visit and the concordance of self-reported condomless vaginal sex with PSA detection, by randomized arm. We compared PSA detection frequency and concordance of PSA and self-reported condomless vaginal sex, by randomized group using Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel tests and adjusted generalized logistic growth curve models. PSA was detected less frequently in the DMPA-IM (16%), compared to the Cu-IUD (21%) and LNG implant (24%) groups, although results were not statistically significant in the unadjusted model when accounting for pre-specified multiple-testing criteria. There were significant differences in PSA detection between the DMPA-IM and LNG-implant groups (odds ratio 0.61 (95% CI 0.40, 0.94) in the adjusted model. There was moderate discordance between self-reported condomless vaginal sex and detection of PSA that was similar across randomized groups. These data suggest that women randomized to Cu-IUD and LNG implant may have had condomless sex more frequently than women randomized to DMPA-IM. The discordance between detectable PSA and self-reported sexual behaviour has important implications for design of future HIV prevention studies.
A Survey on Intent-aware Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Jannach, Dietmar
name: Zanker, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many modern online services feature personalized recommendations. A central challenge when providing such recommendations is that the reason why an individual user accesses the service may change from visit to visit or even during an ongoing usage session. To be effective, a recommender system should therefore aim to take the users' probable intent of using the service at a certain point in time into account. In recent years, researchers have thus started to address this challenge by incorporating intent-awareness into recommender systems. Correspondingly, a number of technical approaches were put forward, including diversification techniques, intent prediction models or latent intent modeling approaches. In this paper, we survey and categorize existing approaches to building the next generation of Intent-Aware Recommender Systems (IARS). Based on an analysis of current evaluation practices, we outline open gaps and possible future directions in this area, which in particular include the consideration of additional interaction signals and contextual information to further improve the effectiveness of such systems.
Two-component plasma in a gravitational field
Creators: name: Tellez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a model for the sedimentation equilibrium of a charged colloidal suspension: the two-dimensional two-component plasma in a gravitational field which is exactly solvable at a special value of the reduced inverse temperature Gamma=2. The density profiles are computed. The heavy particles accumulate at the bottom of the cointainer. If the container is high enough, an excess of light counterions form a cloud floating at some altitude.
description: 17 pages, 3 Encapsulated Postscript figures, LaTeX with the graphicx package
Additional file 1: of Olfactory receptor neurons express olfactory marker protein but not calpain 5 from the same genomic locus
Creators: name: Nakashima, Noriyuki
name: Kie Nakashima
name: Takaku-Nakashima, Akiko
name: Takano, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. The localization of CAPN5 in the hypothalamus. a-d, CAPN5-immunoreactivities in the presence (a, b) and absence (c, d) of primary antibody (1st Ab). PH, posterior hypothalamic area. VMH, ventromedial hypothalamus. Mtu, medial tuberal nucleus. cp, cerebral peduncle. 3 V, the third ventricle. Scales: 200 μm. Figure S2 The mouse CAPN5 and GAP43 genes contain palindromic sequences resembling Olf-1-binding sites within introns. (a) The OMP gene, between exons 2/3 of CAPN5, contains an Olf-1-binding site upstream of the start codon but no Kozak sequence or TATA/CAAT boxes. (b) The GAP43 gene contains TATA/CAAT boxes and a Kozak sequence, except for palindromic sequences (CCCNNGGG) such as Olf-1-binding sites upstream, near the start codon. The nucleotide N indicates any of A, T, C or G. Most introns are not shown. kb, kilobase pairs. No binding sites for Olf-1 were predicted upstream of GAP43 or CAPN5. The 1st and 2nd introns of GAP43 were predicted to potentially contain binding sites for Olf-1. (DOCX 1012 kb)
title: Clianthus puniceus (G. Don) Sol. ex Lindl.
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Digitale Pflanzenbilder: Sammlung Dietmar Brandes
subject: 580

description: Pflanzensammlung Dietmar Brandes: Digitale Pflanzenbilder
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЛАПАРОСКОПИИ НА ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ТЯЖЕСТИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОСТРОГО ПАНКРЕАТИТА С ФЕРМЕНТАТИВНЫМ ПЕРИТОНИТОМ
Creators: name: Холиев, О.О.
name: Хужабаев, С.Т.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Острый панкреатит, особенно осложненный ферментативным перитонитом, представляет собой серьезное и угрожающее жизни состояние, требующее своевременной диагностики и эффективного лечения. В последние годы наблюдается рост заболеваемости острым панкреатитом, что делает поиски новых методов лечения и улучшение существующих подходов особенно актуальными.
Green Jobs, Green Skills, and the Green Economy: A Survey of New York, with Broader Implications
Creators: Robinson, Brandon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Climatic changes--Economic aspects
Renewable energy sources--Economic aspects
Occupations

description: To borrow from Van Jones's book on the green economy, we have a “dual problem” on our hands. First, that we continue to damage the environment by our destructive practices; and second, that we have a large group of people that were laid off during the last economic regime, because of the supposed insufficiency of their skillsets. There exists a solution to both these problems, and it comes in the form of green jobs.

This thesis was undertaken, in part, because of a lack of clarity in the scholarly literature about the nature of green jobs: which jobs are they? and what do they require in the way of skills? The aim of this paper is to restart the conversation surrounding green jobs by showing evidence of a broad-based economic transformation that is primed for the previously maligned, and their likely level of skills.

To accomplish this, I had to adopt an understanding of green jobs that allowed me to see the broad-based transformation, and that understanding was to defer to the firm as the main determinant for what makes a job green. From there, I picked up where the Bureau of Labor Statistics left off, and associated their findings with the economy of the state of New York. And, using a mix of files from the federal and state governments, I pieced together a picture of the green economy—one that would be relevant to those with less formal education.

I found, among other things, that the green economy does lean toward occupations that are typically romanticized in the literature (those in production and construction); but, also, that office work is an important entry point into the green economy for those that would not–or could not–seek employment in the aforementioned.

With regard to skills, I found that more than any other skill type, jobs suited to this population depend heavily on the proficiency of basic skills. This finding runs contrary to a pervasive idea in the literature that propounds the need for technical skills and training as related to green jobs.

This thesis offers a look, through a broad lens, at the occupations that are being affected by greener industry practices, and the skills that are needed to be included in this oncoming economic paradigm.
Importance of van der Waals interactions for ab initio studies of topological insulators
Creators: name: Shirali, K.
name: Shelton, W. A.
name: Vekhter, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the lattice and electronic structures of the bulk and surface of the prototypical layered topological insulators Bi$_2$Se$_3$ and Bi$_2$Te$_3$ using ab initio density functional methods, and systematically compare the results of different methods of including van der Waals (vdW) interactions. We show that the methods utilizing semi-empirical energy corrections yield accurate descriptions of these materials, with the most precise results obtained by properly accounting for the long-range tail of the vdW interactions. The bulk lattice constants, distances between quintuple layers and the Dirac velocity of the topological surface states (TSS) are all in excellent agreement with experiment. In Bi$_2$Te$_3$, hexagonal warping of the energy dispersion leads to complex spin textures of the TSS at moderate energies, while in Bi$_2$Se$_3$ these states remain almost perfectly helical away from the Dirac point, showing appreciable signs of hexagonal warping at much higher energies, above the minimum of the bulk conduction band. Our results establish a framework for unified and systematic self-consistent first principles calculations of topological insulators in bulk, slab and interface geometries, and provides the necessary first step towards ab initio modeling of topological heterostructures.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures. This is the Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/abbdbc
Lentilactobacillus diolivorans Zheng, Wittouck, Salvetti, Franz, Harris, Mattarelli, O'Toole, Pot, Vandamme, Walter, Watanabe, Wuyts, Felis, Gänzle & Lebeer, 2020, COMB. NOV.
Creators: name: Zheng, Jinshui
name: Wittouck, Stijn
name: Salvetti, Elisa
name: Franz, Charles M. A. P.
name: Harris, Hugh M. B.
name: Mattarelli, Paola
name: O'Toole, Paul W.
name: Pot, Bruno
name: Vandamme, Peter
name: Walter, Jens
name: Watanabe, Koichi
name: Wuyts, Sander
name: Felis, Giovanna E.
name: Gänzle, Michael G.
name: Lebeer, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Bacteria
Firmicutes
Bacilli
Lactobacillales
Lactobacillaceae
Lentilactobacillus
Lentilactobacillus diolivorans

description: DESCRIPTION OF LENTILACTOBACILLUS DIOLIVORANS COMB. NOV.
 Lentilactobacillus diolivorans (di.o.li.vo’rans. N.L. n. diol from 1,2-propanediol; L. pres. part. vorans eating; N.L. part. adj. diolivorans eating diols).
 Basonym: Lactobacillus diolivorans Kroonemen et al. 2001, 645 VP
 Growth is observed between 20 and 40 °C, and between pH 3.8 and 7. L. diolivorans was the first lactic acid bacterium for which the metabolic pathway for propanediol and glycerol metabolism to propanol and propionate or 1,3 propanediol and 3-hydroxypropionate, respectively, was thoroughly described [328]. This metabolic pathway is functional is multiple other lactobacilli [14, 18]. The genome size of the type strain is 3.27 Mbp. The mol% G+C content of DNA is 40.0.
Isolated from maize silage and as a spoilage organism in vegetable (cucumber) fermentations and fermented dairy products.
 The type strain is JKD6 T = DSM 14421 T = JCM 12183 T = LMG 19667 T.
Genome sequence accession number: AZEY00000000.
16S rRNA gene accession number: AF264701.
description: Published as part of Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O'Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, pp. 2782-2858 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 (4) on page 2844, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107, http://zenodo.org/record/10114954
Direct Measurement of the Spectral Distribution of Thermal Noise
Creators: name: Slagmolen, Bram Johannes Jozef
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2004
Subjects: interferometer
gravitational waves
optics
suspension
laser frequency noise
laser intensity noise
mechanical resonantor

description: This thesis investigates the direct measurement of the thermal noise spectral distribution. Long base line gravitational wave detectors, being commissioned around the world, are limited in sensitivity in the intermediate frequencies by the thermal noise. These detectors are utilising suspended test mirrors for the detection of gravitational waves by measuring their relative displacement. One of the fundamental noise sources in these detectors is the thermally induced displacement of the suspension onto and within the mirrors. This thermally induced motion of the test mirrors limits the displacement sensitivity of the gravitational wave detectors. Knowledge of the spectral behavior of thermal noise over a wide frequency range will improve predictions and understanding of the behavior of the suspension and test mirrors. ¶ In this thesis the direct measurement of the thermal noise spectral distribution of a mechanical flexure resonator is described. The mechanical flexure resonator is an unidirectional ’wobbly table’ made from copper-beryllium, which hinges around four thin flexures 15 mm wide, 1 mm high and ~116 µm thick. The mechanical flexure resonator has a resonant frequency of 192 Hz, with a quality factor of ~3000. ¶ ...
Higher pathogen load in children from Mozambique vs. USA revealed by comparative fecal microbiome profiling
Creators: name: Corwin, Elizabeth
name: Brown, Joe
name: Smith, Alicia K
name: Hatt, Janet K
name: Nalá, Rassul
name: Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T
name: Dunlop, Anne L
name: Rodriguez-R, Luis M
name: Kayali, Osman
name: Kim, Minjae
name: Brennan, Patricia A
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2022

description:
The infant gut microbiome has lifelong implications on health and immunity but there is still limited understanding of the microbiome differences and similarities between children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) vs. high-income countries (HICs). Here, we describe and compare the microbiome profile of children aged under 48 months in two urban areas: Maputo, Mozambique and Atlanta, USA using shotgun metagenomics. The gut microbiome of American children showed distinct development, characterized by higher alpha diversity after infancy, compared to the same age group of African children, and the microbiomes clustered separately based on geographic location or age. The abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) were significantly higher in Maputo children, driven primarily by several primary and opportunistic pathogens. Most notably, about 50% of Maputo children under the age of two were positive for enterotoxigenic (ETEC) and typical enteropathogenic (EPEC) Escherichia coli diagnostic genes while none of the Atlanta age-matched children showed such a positive signal. In contrast, commensal species such as Phocaeicola vulgatus and Bacteroides caccae were more abundant in Atlanta, potentially reflecting diets rich in animal protein and susceptibility to inflammatory diseases. Overall, our results suggest that the different environments characterizing the two cities have significant, distinctive signatures on the microbiota of children and its development over time. Lack of safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions and/or unsafe food sources may explain the higher enteric pathogen load among children in Maputo.
Periods of mirrors and multiple zeta values
Creators: name: Hoffman, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J32 (Primary); 05E05 (Secondary)

description: In a recent paper, A. Libgober showed that the multiplicative sequence {Q_i(c_1,...,c_i)} of Chern classes corresponding to the power series Q(z)=1/Gamma(1+z) appears in a relation between the Chern classes of certain Calabi-Yau manifolds and the periods of their mirrors. We show that the polynomials Q_i can be expressed in terms of multiple zeta values.
description: 3 pages
Investigations into Satisfiability Search
Creators: name: Slater, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2004
Subjects: search algorithms
satisfiability
SAT
propositional logic
relevant logic
search problems
artificial intelligence
AI

description: In this dissertation we investigate theoretical aspects of some practical approaches used in solving and understanding search problems. We concentrate on the Satisfiability problem, which is a strong representative from search problem domains. The work develops general theoretical foundations to investigate some practical aspects of satisfiability search. This results in a better understanding of the fundamental mechanics for search algorithm construction and behaviour. A theory of choice or branching heuristics is presented, accompanied by results showing a correspondence of both parameterisations and performance when the method is compared to previous empirically motivated branching techniques. The logical foundations of the backtracking mechanism are explored alongside formulations for reasoning in relevant logics which results in the development of a malleable backtracking mechanism that subsumes other intelligent backtracking proof construction techniques and allows the incorporation of proof rearrangement strategies. Moreover, empirical tests show that relevant backtracking outperforms all other forms of intelligent backtracking search tree construction methods. An investigation into modelling and generating world problem instances justifies a modularised problem model proposal which is used experimentally to highlight the practicability of search algorithms for the proposed model and related domains.
On Unlimited Sampling and Reconstruction
Creators: name: Bhandari, Ayush
name: Krahmer, Felix
name: Raskar, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Shannon's sampling theorem is one of the cornerstone topics that is well understood and explored, both mathematically and algorithmically. That said, practical realization of this theorem still suffers from a severe bottleneck due to the fundamental assumption that the samples can span an arbitrary range of amplitudes. In practice, the theorem is realized using so-called analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) which clip or saturate whenever the signal amplitude exceeds the maximum recordable ADC voltage thus leading to a significant information loss. In this paper, we develop an alternative paradigm for sensing and recovery, called the Unlimited Sampling Framework. It is based on the observation that when a signal is mapped to an appropriate bounded interval via a modulo operation before entering the ADC, the saturation problem no longer exists, but one rather encounters a different type of information loss due to the modulo operation. Such an alternative setup can be implemented, for example, via so-called folding or self-reset ADCs, as they have been proposed in various contexts in the circuit design literature. The key task that we need to accomplish in order to cope with this new type of information loss is to recover a bandlimited signal from its modulo samples. In this paper we derive conditions when perfect recovery is possible and complement them with a stable recovery algorithm. The sampling density required to guarantee recovery is independent of the maximum recordable ADC voltage and depends on the signal bandwidth only. Our recovery guarantees extend to measurements affected by bounded noise, which includes the case of round-off quantization. Numerical experiments validate our approach. Applications of the unlimited sampling paradigm can be found in a number of fields such as signal processing, communication and imaging.
description: Accepted to IEEE Trans. on Sig. Proc. (10.1109/TSP.2020.3041955)
Additional file 3: of Determination of developmental and ripening stages of whole tomato fruit using portable infrared spectroscopy and Chemometrics
Creators: name: Skolik, Paul
name: Morais, Camilo
name: Martin, Francis
name: McAinsh, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S3. Predictive performance presented as sensitivity and specificity rates calculated for the SVM chemo-metric model intended to differentiate tomato fruit ripening stages from their ATR-FTIR spectral data. (DOCX 12 kb)
Towards a Geochronology for Long-term Landscape Evolution, Northwestern New South Wales
Creators: name: Smith, Martin Lancaster
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Regolith Geochronology
Quantitative Geomorphology
geochronology
regolith
western New South Wales
Cenozoic
Landscape evolution

description: The study area extends from west of the Great Divide to the Broken Hill and Tibooburra regions of far western New South Wales, encompassing several important mining districts that not only include the famous Broken Hill lodes (Pb-Zn-Ag), but also Parkes (Cu-Au), Peak Hill (Au), Cobar (Cu-Au-Zn) and White Cliffs (opal). The area is generally semi-arid to arid undulating to flat terrain covered by sparse vegetation. ¶ During the Cretaceous, an extensive sea retreated across vast plains, with rivers draining from the south and east. After the uplift of the Great Divide associated with opening of the Tasman Sea in the Late Cretaceous, drainage swung to the west, cutting across the Darling River Lineament. The Murray-Darling Basin depression developed as a depocentre during the Paleogene. Climates also underwent dramatic change during the Cenozoic, from warm-humid to cooler, more seasonal climates, to the arid conditions prevalent today. Up until now, there has been very little temporal constraint on the development of this landscape over this time period. This study seeks to address the timing of various weathering and landscape evolution events in northwestern New South Wales. ¶ ...
Water First : a political history of hydraulics in Vietnam's Red River Delta
Creators: name: Smith, S. Andrew Enticknap
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2002
Subjects: hydraulic infrastructure
Red River delta
Häi Hung province
Vietnam
water control
wet-rice economy
hydraulic bargain
irrigation
hydraulic management
collectivised agriculture

description: Between 1961 and 1976 Häi Hung province -- present day Häi Duong and Hung Yên -- lost the equivalent of two entire districts of agricultural land. How could so much land be abandoned under a collectivised agriculture system? And what role did poor water control infrastructure play in creating such a situation?¶ I answer these questions by examining the historical patterns of hydraulic development in northern Vietnam from the beginning of the 19th century until the introduction of the Production Contract system in 1981. Underlying both the French colonial and communist visions of modernity and economic development was a belief that improving agricultural productivity, of which large-scale hydraulic infrastructure was an important component, could catalyse growth in the rural economy, which could then finance industrialisation. I argue throughout this thesis that developing large-scale hydraulic infrastructure in the Red River delta has relied upon the creation of a hydraulic bargain between the state and water users. This is in contrast to Wittfogel's theory of the hydraulic state, insofar as developing hydraulic infrastructure has depended upon the active political and economic participation and support of water users, and not the absolute power of the state. The political economic history of the hydraulic bargain highlights the relative power of peasants to influence the direction of large-scale hydraulic development and, as such, the shape of the Red River delta's wet-rice economy.
Computational petrology: Subsolidus equilibria in the upper mantle
Creators: name: Sommacal, Silvano
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Multisite crystalline solid solutions
Gibbs free energy minimization
forward modeling
inverse modeling
olivine and pyroxene thermodynamics

description: Processes that take place in the Earth’s mantle are not accessible to direct observation. Natural samples of mantle material that have been transported to the surface as xenoliths provide useful information on phase relations and compositions of phases at the pressure and temperature conditions of each rock fragment. In the past, considerable effort has been devoted by petrologists to investigate upper mantle processes experimentally. Results of high temperatures, high pressure experiments have provided insight into lower crust-upper mantle phase relations as a function of temperature, pressure and composition. However, the attainment of equilibrium in these experiments, especially in complex systems, may be very difficult to test rigorously. Furthermore, experimental results may also require extrapolation to different pressures, temperatures or bulk compositions. More recently, thermodynamic modeling has proved to be a very powerful approach to this problem, allowing the deciphering the physicochemical conditions at which mantle processes occur. On the other hand, a comprehensive thermodynamic model to investigate lower crust-upper mantle phase assemblages in complex systems does not exist. ¶ In this study, a new thermodynamic model to describe phase equilibria between silicate and/or oxide crystalline phases has been derived. For every solution phase the molar Gibbs free energy is given by the sum of contributions from the energy of the end-members, ideal mixing on sites, and excess site mixing terms. It is here argued that the end-member term of the Gibbs free energy for complex solid solution phases (e.g. pyroxene, spinel) has not previously been treated in the most appropriate manner. As an example, the correct expression of this term for a pyroxene solution in a general (Na-Ca-Mg-Fe2+-Al-Cr-Fe3+-Si-Ti) system is presented and the principle underlying its formulation for any complex solution phase is elucidated. ¶ ...
The Application and Limitations of PECVD for Silicon-based Photonics
Creators: name: Spooner, Marc
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2005
Subjects: silicon photonics
nanocrystals
PECVD
cracks

description: This thesis presents results on the applications and limitations of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition for silicon-based photonics, with an emphasis on optical microcavities for the control of light emission from silicon nanocrystals. ¶ ...