cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
POLAND’S ADJUSTMENT TO CHALLENGES OF CHANGING AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Creators: name: Kowalski, Andrzej
name: Wigier, Marek
name: Chmielinski, Pawel
name: Kowalski, Andrzej
name: Wigier, Marek
name: Chmielinski, Pawel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: multifunctional agriculture
subject: common agricultural policy
subject: rural development
subject: Poland

description: Paper is aimed in assessment of first period of Poland’s membership in EU and covering agriculture and rural areas with the support under the Common Agricultural Policy in the context of future challenges faced by the agricultural policy. Analysis shows that accession to EU became a strong impulse for growth of the Polish food economy, however the main challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy in future, from Poland’s perspective, will be strengthening the multifunctional agriculture, i.e. territorial cohesion and positive effects of agricultural activity on natural environment.
Additional file 3 of Incorporating competing risk theory into evaluations of changes in cancer survival: making the most of cause of death and routinely linked sociodemographic data
Creators: name: Wright, Cameron M.
name: Nowak, Anna K.
name: Halkett, Georgia
name: Moorin, Rachael E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Competing risk regression analysis of Western Australia cancer-specific mortality by time period of diagnosis for major cancer types combined and six selected cancer types with (A) and without (B) adjustment for comorbidities at diagnosis.
The multi-species mean-field spin-glass on the Nishimori line
Creators: name: Alberici, Diego
name: Camilli, Francesco
name: Contucci, Pierluigi
name: Mingione, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82-XX, 82D30

description: In this paper we study a multi-species disordered model on the Nishimori line. The typical properties of this line, a set of identities and inequalities among correlation functions, allow us to prove the replica symmetry i.e. the concentration of the order parameter. When the interaction structure is elliptic we rigorously compute the exact solution of the model in terms of a finite dimensional variational principle and we study its properties.
description: 26 pages, one figure, to appear in Journal of Statistical Physics
A microscopic approach to spin dynamics: about the meaning of spin relaxation times
Creators: name: Lechner, C.
name: Roessler, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach to spin dynamics by extending the optical Bloch equations for the driven two-level system to derive microscopic expressions for the transverse and longitudinal spin relaxation times. This is done for the 6-level system of electron and hole subband states in a semiconductor or a semiconductor quantum structure to account for the degrees-of-freedom of the carrier spin and the polarization of the exciting light and includes the scattering between carriers and lattice vibrations on a microscopic level. For the subsystem of the spin-split electron subbands we treat the electron-phonon interaction in second order and derive a set of equations of motion for the 2x2 spin-density matrix which describes the electron spin dynamics and contains microscopic expressions for the longitudinal (T_1) and the transverse (T_2) spin relaxation times. Their meaning will be discussed in relation to experimental investigations of these quantities.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Replacement of cond-mat/0407358 due to substantial revision
Additional file 2 of Incorporating competing risk theory into evaluations of changes in cancer survival: making the most of cause of death and routinely linked sociodemographic data
Creators: name: Wright, Cameron M.
name: Nowak, Anna K.
name: Halkett, Georgia
name: Moorin, Rachael E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Full characteristics of the cohort.
Rural Employment Diversification in Eastern India: Trends and Determinants
Creators: name: Kumar, Anjani
name: Kumar, Anjani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The trends in rural employment diversification, especially within agriculture in the eastern states of India have been studied. The employment potential of different sub-sectors of agriculture has been assessed to provide succour to the ever increasing problem of unemployment. Several socio-economic factors affecting rural employment diversification towards non-farm sector and horticultural activities have been examined by using logit models. The contribution of different socio-economic variables on employment to non-farm sector and horticultural crops has been quantified by computing marginal effects of each variable. The study has suggested that for reducing entry barriers to non-farm employment opportunities, education and skill development will have to be strengthened. The tailor-made training programmes should be arranged to enhance the probability of getting employed in nonfarm activities. The participation in high-value agriculture can be ensured by improving the knowledge and technical levels of the rural households in the eastern India.
The ubiquity of AGN winds in Seyfert 1 galaxies at low redshift
Creators: name: Torres-Papaqui, Juan Pablo
name: Coziol, Roger
name: Romero-Cruz, Fernando J.
name: Robleto-Orús, Aitor C.
name: Escobar-Vásquez, Gabriela
name: Morales-Vargas, Abdías
name: Trejo-Alonso, J. J.
name: Chow-Martínez, Marcel
name: Cutiva-Alvarez, Karla A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical spectra of 3,896 Seyfert~1 (Sy1) galaxies detected with WISE at z < 0.4 were analyzed for evidence of outflows. In 37% of the Sy1s the outflows appear as broad, blue-shifted, of the [OIII]5007, with a mean maximum velocity V_max ~1014 km/s$, consistent with AGN winds. For each Sy1 we deduced that black hole (BH) mass, bolometric luminosity, Eddington ratio and power-law index of the continuum, which we compared with the star formation rate (SFR) and host morphology. Having separated our sample in two spectroscopic subgroups, Sy1s with only broad Balmer lines (Sy1B) and with both narrow and broad (Sy1N) lines and distinguishing those that show as outflow (Sy1Bw and Sy1Nw), we report the following differences: 1) the BH mass is systematically higher and the power-law steeper in the Sy1B-Sy1Bw than in the Sy1N-Sy1Nw, 2) V_max is higher in the Sy1Bw than in the Sy1Nw, correlated in both groups with the BH mass and bolometric luminosity, 3) the Eddington ratio and SFR are higher in the Sy1 with outflows, and 4) the specific star formation rates (sSFRs) of the Sy1s are normal for their morphology and mass; typical of early-type spiral galaxies in the green valley, far from the quenched regime. From these results we conclude that in Sy1s AGN winds are triggered by higher accretion rates and probably radiatively launched, and there is no clear evidence of an effect on the star formation.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, Accepted in AJ
Additional file 1 of Correlates of mental health in occupations at risk for traumatization: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Schäfer, Sarah K.
name: M. Roxanne Sopp
name: Staginnus, Marlene
name: Lass-Hennemann, Johanna
name: Michael, Tanja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Tables presenting regression results.
Caspases in olfactory neuron aptosis
Creators: name: Cowan, Catherine M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The process of neuronal apoptosis is essential in brain development, and is an important component of many neurodegenerative diseases. Protease enzymes of the caspase family are key elements in the molecular events occurring during apoptosis. The combination of caspases utilized depends upon the death stimulus and cell type. Caspases-3 and -9 have been implicated in developmental neuronal apoptosis, as both caspase-3 and caspase-9 null mice display attenuated apoptosis during embryonic development resulting in excess neurons. The olfactory system (OS) is an excellent system for studying apoptosis of mature neurons in vivo, because the mature olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are physically distinct from other neuronal populations, are easily manipulated, and project to one target, the olfactory bulb. I show that ORNs undergoing apoptosis after removal of the olfactory bulb, undergo a retrograde wave of activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, proceeding from synapse to cell body. This is the first time such a wave has been demonstrated in any neuronal system. Caspase-3 null mice demonstrate that caspase-3 is required for acute bulbectomy-induced apoptosis. Nothing was previously known about the role of any apoptotic molecules in OS development. I show that caspase-3 is necessary for correct OS development: caspase-3 null adult mice have OS abnormalities including an expanded ORN population, and post-natal onset olfactory bulb abnormalities. An expanded olfactory epithelium (OE) is evident as early as embryonic day (E)13 in caspase-3 and caspase-9 nulls, coinciding with wildtype peak of OE apoptosis and onset of OE caspase-3 expression. OE apoptosis is decreased five-fold at E13 in caspase-3 and caspase-9 nulls, but normal low levels are seen postnatally. Caspase-3 and -9 are crucial for E13-specific presynaptic wave of developmental death, the absence of which results in life-long neuronal abnormalities. However, ORNs can utilize a caspase-3/9-independent death mechanism depending upon maturational state and possibly signals received. Taken together, these results suggest that neurons at different stages of the same lineage can die by different mechanisms.
Efficient evaluation of decoherence rates in complex Josephson circuits
Creators: name: DiVincenzo, David P.
name: Brito, Frederico
name: Koch, Roger H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete analysis of the decoherence properties of a Josephson junction qubit is presented. The qubit is of the flux type and consists of two large loops forming a gradiometer and one small loop, and three Josephson junctions. The contributions to relaxation (T_1) and dephasing (T_ϕ) arising from two different control circuits, one coupled to the small loop and one coupled to a large loop, is computed. We use a complete, quantitative description of the inductances and capacitances of the circuit. Including two stray capacitances makes the quantum mechanical modeling of the system five dimensional. We develop a general Born-Oppenheimer approximation to reduce the effective dimensionality in the calculation to one. We explore T_1 and T_ϕalong an optimal line in the space of applied fluxes; along this "S line" we see significant and rapidly varying contributions to the decoherence parameters, primarily from the circuit coupling to the large loop.
description: 16 pages, 20 figures; v2: minor revision
Towards a consistent approach to nuclear structure: EFT of two- and many-body forces
Creators: name: Machleidt, R.
name: Entem, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the nuclear forces currently in use, i.e., the high-precision NN potentials of the 1990's and the nuclear two- and many-body forces based upon chiral effective field theory (EFT). We argue that the EFT approach is superior to any of the older schemes. Since accurate chiral forces are available now, the stage is set for microscopic nuclear structure to move into a new exciting era.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; talk presented at the INT workshop "Nuclear Forces and the Quantum Many-Body Problem", Seattle, October 4-8, 2004
Additional file 1 of The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Braakhuis, A. J.
name: V. X. Somerville
name: R. D. Hurst
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Medline Search Strategy.
Holographic Uniformization and Black Hole Attractors
Creators: name: Bobev, Nikolay
name: Gautason, Fridrik Freyr
name: Parmentier, Klaas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish an attractor mechanism for the horizon metric of asymptotically locally AdS4 supersymmetric black holes. The Kähler moduli of the metric are not fixed in the asymptotic region, however supersymmetry dictates that the near horizon metric must be the constant curvature one. We show how this mechanism is realized in detail for four-dimensional N=2 gauged supergravity coupled to vector multiplets by focusing on the STU model. A similar analysis is performed for gauged supergravity theories in five, six, and seven dimensions where we establish the same mechanism by extending previous results on holographic uniformization.
description: 49 pages, 3 figures
Impact of Infrastructure and Technology on Agricultural Productivity in Uttar Pradesh
Creators: name: , Prabha
name: Goswami, Kishor
name: Chatterjee, Bani
name: , Prabha
name: Goswami, Kishor
name: Chatterjee, Bani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The trends of composite and individual infrastructural indicators, fertilizer and HYVs have been examined and their impacts on agricultural productivity in Uttar Pradesh have been reported. The trend of composite infrastructure index has shown sharp fluctuations, while electrified villages and rural roads have indicated a rising trend. The agricultural productivity and fertilizer have shown increasing trend with marginal fluctuations, while HYVs have illustrated an increasing trend at a decreasing rate. The impact of composite infrastructure index, fertilizer and HYVs on agricultural productivity has been found positive and significant. Analysis of the impact of individual infrastructural indicators has revealed that the electrified villages along with fertilizer and HYVs have positive and significant impact, while rural roads have an insignificant impact.
SLIM: A Well-Conditioned Single-Source Boundary Element Method for Modeling Lossy Conductors in Layered Media
Creators: name: Sharma, Shashwat
name: Triverio, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The boundary element method (BEM) enables the efficient electromagnetic modelling of lossy conductors with a surface-based discretization. Existing BEM techniques for conductor modelling require either expensive dual basis functions or the use of both single- and double-layer potential operators to obtain a well-conditioned system matrix. The associated computational cost is particularly significant when conductors are embedded in stratified media, and the expensive multilayer Green's function (MGF) must be invoked. In this work, a novel single-source BEM formulation is proposed, which leads to a well-conditioned system matrix without the need for dual basis functions. The proposed single-layer impedance matrix (SLIM) formulation does not require the double-layer potential to model the background medium, which reduces the cost associated with the MGF. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated through realistic examples drawn from different applications.
description: \copyright 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Additional file 1 of Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) cases are not random: explaining trend, low- and high-frequency oscillations based on the Austrian TBE time series
Creators: name: Rubel, Franz
name: Walter, Melanie
name: Vogelgesang, Janna R.
name: Brugger, Katharina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1Additional file S1. Frequency distributions (red bars) of the Austrian TBE incidence without vaccination N and the predictors used in the generalized linear models (GLMs): total human population NTOT, net migration NMIG, transformed scandinavian index SI, beech fructification index 2 years prior Fyear−2 and, annual sunshine duration in hours SD. the following rank-order correlations with N have been determined: r=0.29 (NTOT), r=-0.14 (NMIG), r=0.52 (SI), r=0.38 (Fyear−2), and r=0.27 (SD). maximum collinearity of r=0.59 (NTOT vs. NMIG). Additional file S2. Statistical features of GLM4. Additional file S3. Akaike information criterion (AIC) and explained variance (Radj2$^{2}_{{adj}}$) values for stepwise developed models GLM1–GLM4.
Dynamics of Nucleation in the Ising Model
Creators: name: Pan, Albert C.
name: Chandler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reactive pathways to nucleation in a three-dimensional Ising model at 60% of the critical temperature are studied using transition path sampling of single spin flip Monte Carlo dynamics. Analysis of the transition state ensemble (TSE) indicates that the critical nuclei are rough and anisotropic. The TSE, projected onto the free energy surface characterized by cluster size, N, and surface area, S, indicates the significance of other variables in addition to these two traditional reaction coordinates for nucleation. The transmission coefficient along N is ~ 0.35, and this reduction of the transmission coefficient from unity is explained in terms of the stochastic nature of the dynamic model.
description: In press at the Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 7 pages, 8 figures
Magneto-optical Kerr effect and signature of the chiral anomaly in a Weyl semimetal in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Parent, Jean-Michel
name: Côté, René
name: Garate, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One striking property of the Landau level spectrum of a Weyl semimetal (WSM) is the existence of a chiral Landau level, in which the electrons propagate unidirectionally along the magnetic field. This linearly dispersive level influences the optical properties of WSMs. For example, it was recently shown that a complete optical valley polarization is achievable in a time-reversal symmetric Weyl semimetal placed in a magnetic field\cite% {Bertrand2019}. This effect originates from inter-Landau level transitions involving the chiral Landau level and requires a tilt of the Weyl cones. In this paper, we show how the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) is modified in a WSM\ with tilted Weyl cones in comparison with its behavior in a normal metal and how a valley polarization can be detected using MOKE. We study both the Faraday (longitudinal) and Voigt (transverse) configurations for light incident on a semi-infinite WSM surface with no Fermi arcs. We use a minimal model of a WSM with four tilted Weyl nodes related by mirror and time-reversal symmetry. In the Voigt configuration, a large peak of the Kerr angle occurs at the plasmon frequency. We show that the blueshift in frequency of this peak with increasing magnetic field is a signature of the chiral anomaly in the MOKE.
description: 16 pages with 11 PDF figures
Additional file 1 of Incorporating competing risk theory into evaluations of changes in cancer survival: making the most of cause of death and routinely linked sociodemographic data
Creators: name: Wright, Cameron M.
name: Nowak, Anna K.
name: Halkett, Georgia
name: Moorin, Rachael E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Cancer types included for major cancer types combined cohort#
Hund's coupling and the metal-insulator transition in the two-band Hubbard model
Creators: name: Pruschke, Thomas
name: Bulla, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition is investigated in a two-band Hubbard model within dynamical mean-field theory. To this end, we use a suitable extension of Wilson's numerical renormalization group for the solution of the effective two-band single-impurity Anderson model. This method is non-perturbative and, in particular, allows to take into account the full exchange part of the Hund's rule coupling between the two orbitals. We discuss in detail the influence of the various Coulomb interactions on thermodynamic and dynamic properties, for both the impurity and the lattice model. The exchange part of the Hund's rule coupling turns out to play an important role for the physics of the two-band Hubbard model and for the nature of the Mott-transition.
Strengthening Pluralistic Agricultural Information Delivery Systems in India
Creators: name: Adhiguru, P.
name: Birthal, Pratap Singh
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Adhiguru, P.
name: Birthal, Pratap Singh
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The study on agricultural information flow has revealed that only 40 per cent farm households access information from one or the other source. The popular information sources among farmers have been reported to be fellow progressive farmers and input dealers, followed by mass media. The public extension system has been found to be accessed by only 5.7 per cent households. Only 4.8 per cent of the small farmers have access to public extension workers as compared to 12.4 per cent of large farmers. The sector-wise study on the type of information, sought has revealed that a majority of the farmers have sought information on seed (32-55%) in the cultivation sector; on health care (26-54 %) in animal husbandry; and on management and marketing (8-46 %) in fisheries. Regarding adoption of information by farmers, input dealers and other progressive farmers have depicted greater influence mainly due to easy and convenient access to these sources. The study has suggested promotion of farmers-led extension and strengthening of public extension services to improve coverage and efficiency of agricultural information delivery systems.
Kappa-symmetric deformations of M5-brane dynamics
Creators: name: Drummond, J. M.
name: Kerstan, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the first supersymmetric and kappa-symmetric derivative deformation of the M5-brane worldvolume theory in a flat eleven-dimensional background. By applying cohomological techniques we obtain a deformation of the standard constraint of the superembedding formalism. The first possible deformation of the constraint and hence the equations of motion arises at cubic order in fields and fourth order in a fundamental length scale $l$. The deformation is unique up to this order. In particular this rules out any induced Einstein-Hilbert terms on the worldvolume. We explicitly calculate corrections to the equations of motion for the tensor gauge supermultiplet.
description: 17 pages. Additional comments in section 5
A Quantitative Assessment of Communicating Extra-Terrestrial Intelligent Civilizations in the Galaxy and the Case of FRB-like Signals
Creators: name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formula is proposed to quantitatively estimate the signal emission rate of Communicating Extra-Terrestrial Intelligent civilizations (CETIs) in the Galaxy. I suggest that one possible type of CETI signal would be brief radio bursts similar to fast radio bursts (FRBs). A dedicated search for FRB-like artificial signals in the Galaxy for decades may pose a meaningful upper limit on the emission rate of these signals by CETIs. The Fermi-Hart paradox is answered in terms of not having enough observing times for this and other types of signals. Whether humans should send FRB-like signals in the far future is briefly discussed.
description: 9 pages, published version in Frontiers of Physics
Additional file 3 of A novel method for interpreting survival analysis data: description and test on three major clinical trials on cardiovascular prevention
Creators: name: Mengozzi, Alessandro
name: Tricò, Domenico
name: Natali, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 3. Time Gain observed and fitted curves from other major trials. Time Gain curves (continuous line) and fitted Time Gain curves (f50%; dotted lines) with the extrapolation beyond time at which less than 50% of the cohort was in follow-up (indicated by arrows) throughout the duration of the studies for various outcomes of some CV prevention trials: UKPDS-34, STENO-2, CIBIS-II, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, LEADER, SUSTAIN-6. With regards to CIBIS-II and SUSTAIN-6 trial (due to population in follow-up > 50% at the end of the trial) the fit and the extrapolation were performed at the end of the trial (indicated by arrows). The polynomial second order function obtained by performing curve fitting is displayed for each outcome along with the R2. a) UPKPDS-34, Death from any cause outcome; b) STENO-2, CV events outcome: a composite of cardiovascular disease events that included death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, coronary-artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention or revascularization for peripheral atherosclerotic arterial disease, and amputation because of ischemia; c) CIBIS II: Death from any cause outcome; d) EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CV Death outcome; e) EMPA-REG OUTCOME: Heart Failure outcome, f) CANVAS: Death from any cause outcome; g) LEADER: 3p-MACE outcome, h) SUSTAIN-6: 3p-MACE outcome.
Feasibility Check for Diversification towards Horticultural Production
Creators: name: Mittal, Surabhi
name: Mittal, Surabhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Horticulture can be promoted as a means of agro-diversification for the second green revolution in India, providing the much-needed impetus to the growth of agricultural sector, through increase in trade, income and employment. The Indian agriculture is diversifying towards production of high-value commodities along with the increasing role of smallholding farmers. In this paper, the economic feasibility of diversifying towards horticultural crops has been examined. The benefit-cost analysis has been done and a comparison of commodities of foodgrain and horticultural group has been presented to evaluate the feasibility of diversification. Supply constraints in terms of poor supply-chain management have been highlighted. The BCR of horticulture has been reported to be more than that of cereals. This implies that it is profitable and economically feasible to shift land from cereals to horticultural crops. It has been argued that the reason why the farmers still continue to cultivate the staple foodgrains is their demand for self-consumption. The study has cautioned that the re-allocation/ diversification of land should be done in a manner such that optimal output and income can be generated, keeping in mind the domestic demand, exports target and improvement in the economic conditions of farmers. The diversification plan for the horticultural sector needs to be identified as it offers an attractive option and a major source of pushing up growth of the agricultural sector. The paper has pointed out that the policy issues involved on the production, marketing and policy fronts can bring about the desired growth in the agricultural sector.
Disorder-Induced Long-Ranged Correlations in Scalar Active Matter
Creators: name: Ro, Sunghan
name: Kafri, Yariv
name: Kardar, Mehran
name: Tailleur, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of a random quenched potentials and torques on scalar active matter. Microscopic simulations reveal that motility-induced phase separation is replaced in two-dimensions by an asymptotically homogeneous phase with anomalous long-ranged correlations and non-vanishing steady-state currents. Using a combination of phenomenological models and a field-theoretical treatment, we show the existence of a lower-critical dimension, $d_c=4$, below which phase separation is only observed for systems smaller than an Imry-Ma length-scale. We identify a weak-disorder regime in which the structure factor scales as $S(q) \sim 1/q^2$ which accounts for our numerics. In $d=2$ we predict that, at larger scales, the behaviour should cross over to a strong-disorder regime. In $d>2$, these two regimes exist separately, depending on the strength of the potential.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Extent of Groundwater Extraction and Irrigation Efficiency on Farms under Different Water-market Regimes in Central Uttar Pradesh
Creators: name: Srivastava, S.K.
name: Kumar, Ranjit
name: Singh, R.P.
name: Srivastava, S.K.
name: Kumar, Ranjit
name: Singh, R.P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Tube-well irrigation, through modern water extraction mechanisms (WEMs), has been vital to food security and sustainable livelihoods in India. However, due to skewed distribution of WEMs towards large farmers on account of huge investment needs, small and marginal farmers have to rely on owners of WEMs for irrigation water. This has resulted in the emergence of informal water-markets. The present study has examined the groundwater extraction and water-use efficiency under different water-market regimes in the Central Plain Zone (CPZ) of Uttar Pradesh, where water-intensive cropping pattern is followed. The study is based on the primary data collected from 100 farmer-households of Central Plain Zone in the year 2007. Most of the farmers in the study domain are small and marginal, having less than 2 ha land. These resource-poor farmers buy water from the WEM–owners. Thus, groundwater market has been found to provide them easy accessibility to irrigation water and helps them in realizing better yields. The popularity of water-intensive crops, such as paddy, wheat and sugarcane, is responsible for the depleting groundwater tables in the region. Estimates of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) have shown that both buyers and owners of WEMs are technically inefficient in water–use, as the actual use of irrigation water has been found much higher than the optimum level. However, ‘Buyers have been found comparatively more efficient than ‘Owners’ in water utilization. Overexploitation of groundwater resources raises concerns about the future sustainability of agriculture. It is, therefore, becoming increasingly important that groundwater is used efficiently and groundwater market can emerge as a better tool for improving the efficiency of irrigation water across farm-sizes and crops. Based on the results, the study has made some policy suggestions also for an equitable and sustainable development of agriculture in the region.
Strategic response to a sequence of discrete choice questions
Creators: name: McNair, Ben J.
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Hensher, David A.
name: McNair, Ben J.
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Hensher, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Choice experiments
subject: willingness to pay
subject: incentive compatibility
subject: strategic behaviour
subject: order effects
subject: underground electricity

description: According to neoclassical economic theory, the only stated preference elicitation format that can feasibly be employed in field studies to which truthful response can be the dominant strategy for all respondents is a single binary choice between the status quo and one alternative. In studies where the objective is estimation of preferences for multiple attributes of a good, it is preferred (and, in some cases, necessary) based on econometric considerations, to present respondents with a sequence of choice tasks. Economic theory predicts that utility-maximising respondents may find it optimal to misrepresent their preferences in this elicitation format. In this paper, the effect on stated preferences of expanding the number of choice tasks per respondent from one to four is tested using a split sample treatment in an attribute-based survey relating to the undergrounding of overhead electricity and telecommunications wires in the Australian Capital Territory. We find evidence to suggest that presenting multiple choice tasks per respondent decreases estimates of total willingness to pay and that this effect is related to the ordering of cost levels presented over the sequence of choice tasks. Two behavioural explanations can be advanced - a weak cost minimisation strategy, which implies divergence between stated and true preferences, and a ‘good deal / bad deal’ heuristic, in which stated preferences reflect true preferences that change over the course of the sequence of choice tasks. Preferences stated in the first of a sequence of choice tasks are not significantly different from those stated in the incentive compatible single binary choice task. A key objective of future research will be to establish whether this effect becomes less prevalent as the number of attributes and alternatives per choice task are increased.
Additional file 2 of A novel method for interpreting survival analysis data: description and test on three major clinical trials on cardiovascular prevention
Creators: name: Mengozzi, Alessandro
name: Tricò, Domenico
name: Natali, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 2. Glossary. Full glossary with definitions and mathematical formulae.
Measurement of the 3He(e,e'p)pn reaction at high missing energies and momenta
Creators: name: Benmokhtar, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of the Jefferson Lab Hall A quasielastic 3He(e,e'p)pn measurements are presented. These measurements were performed at fixed transferred momentum and energy, q = 1502 MeV/c and omega = 840 MeV, respectively, for missing momenta p_m up to 1 GeV/c and missing energies in the continuum region, up to pion threshold; this kinematic coverage is much more extensive than that of any previous experiment. The cross section data are presented along with the effective momentum density distribution and compared to theoretical models.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, updated to reflect published paper: minor text changes from previous version along with updated and added references
Bifurcations of thresholds in essential spectra of elliptic operators under localized non-Hermitian perturbations
Creators: name: Borisov, D. I.
name: Zezyulin, D. A.
name: Znojil, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the operator $${\cal H} = {\cal H}' -\frac{\partial^2\ }{\partial x_d^2} \quad\text{on}\quadω\times\mathbb{R}$$ subject to the Dirichlet or Robin condition, where a domain $ω\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{d-1}$ is bounded or unbounded. The symbol ${\cal H}'$ stands for a second order self-adjoint differential operator on $ω$ such that the spectrum of the operator ${\cal H}'$ contains several discrete eigenvalues $Λ_{j}$, $j=1,\ldots, m$. These eigenvalues are thresholds in the essential spectrum of the operator ${\cal H}$. We study how these thresholds bifurcate once we add a small localized perturbation $ε{\cal L}(ε)$ to the operator ${\cal H}$, where $ε$ is a small positive parameter and ${\cal L}(ε)$ is an abstract, not necessarily symmetric operator. We show that these thresholds bifurcate into eigenvalues and resonances of the operator ${\cal H}$ in the vicinity of $Λ_j$ for sufficiently small $ε$. We prove effective simple conditions determining the existence of these resonances and eigenvalues and find the leading terms of their asymptotic expansions. Our analysis applies to generic non-self-adjoint perturbations and, in particular, to perturbations characterized by the parity-time ($PT$) symmetry. Potential applications of our result embrace a broad class of physical systems governed by dispersive or diffractive effects. We use our findings to develop a scheme for a controllable generation of non-Hermitian optical states with normalizable power and real part of the complex-valued propagation constant lying in the continuum. The corresponding eigenfunctions can be interpreted as an optical generalization of bound states embedded in the continuum. For a particular example, the persistence of asymptotic expansions is confirmed with direct numerical evaluation of the perturbed spectrum.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures; several corrections made; accepted for Studies in Applied Mathematics
Recent Research in Bleed Air Contamination Detection
Creators: name: Jones, Byron W.
name: Fox, Richard B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: aircraft
engine
APU
seal
leackage
bleed air
temperature
contamination
injection
compressor
intake
pre-cooler
ultrafine particles
UFP
carbon monoxide
CO
carbon dioxide
CO2
TVOC
ozone
O3
converter
metal oxide sensor
electrochemical sensor
condensation
environmental control system
ECS
oil
hydraulic fluid
deicing fluid
FAA
ASHRAE
Boeing C-17
Airbus A321
Boeing 747-SP
ACA2024-PRE
ACA2024

description: Ultrafine particles (UFP) appear to be a good indicator of engine oil contamination in bleed air of passenger jet aircraft. However, ultrafine particles can also result from environmental control system (ECS) transients, from exhaust ingestion, and in the cabin from ozone chemistry. CO2 appears to be a good indicator of exhaust ingestion and could help to distinguish exhaust ingestion UFP from engine oil UFP. Fine particle (FP) concentrations are increased by hydraulic fluid but establishing the correct bleed air baseline concentration is a challenge. The bleed air baseline concentration for FP is on the ground generally below ambient concentrations. Fine particles may be a useful indicator of oil contamination from low temperature bleed air (e.g. sourced from APU bleed air). High bleed air temperatures in the range of 315 °C cause only marginally elevated FP concentrations. Highly elevated UFP are not present in high temperature bleed air contaminated by oil but are generated when the contaminated bleed air is cooled. UFP are present throughout the bleed path when extracted sample flows are cooled to room temperature. Important chemistry occurs in the ozone converter but does not appear to impact UFP generation. Interesting for UFP measurements are corona discharge based sensors. Note: Temperature transients in the bleed air system generate elevated UFP concentrations from oil deposited previously on ECS heat exchangers and other ECS and bleed air system internal surfaces. These contamination events are not necessarily due to engine seal leakage. In conclusion: It appears that it should be feasible to detect engine oil contamination with a lower detection limit on the order of 1 ppm by mass of oil in inlet air with an appropriate combination of a UFP sensor together with some other sensors. This lower detection limit is more-or-less in the same range as the odor detection threshold. However, major progress towards implementation requires getting prototype sensor packages on airplanes to get experience using them and learning how they work in the aircraft operational environment. First steps in using sensors in airline service would not be particularly expensive.
A shell-model study of calcium isotopes towards their drip line
Creators: name: Coraggio, L.
name: De Gregorio, G.
name: Gargano, A.
name: Itaco, N.
name: Fukui, T.
name: Ma, Y. Z.
name: Xu, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report in this paper a study in terms of the nuclear shell model about the location of the calcium isotopes drip line. The starting point is considering the realistic two-body potential derived by Entem and Machleidt within chiral perturbation theory at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO), as well as a chiral three-body force at next-to-next-to-leading order (N2LO) whose structure and low-energy constants are consistent with the two-body potential. Then we construct the effective single-particle energies and residual interaction needed to diagonalize the shell-model Hamiltonian. The calculated two-neutron separation energies agree nicely with experiment until 56Ca, which is the heaviest isotope whose mass has been measured, and do not show any sign of two-neutron emission until 70Ca. We discuss the role of the choice of the model space in determining the neutron drip line, and also the dependence of the results on the parameters of the shell-model Hamiltonian.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, to be published in Physical Review C
Longitudinal and spin-Hall conductance of a two-dimensional Rashba system with arbitrary disorder
Creators: name: Moca, Catalin Pascu
name: Marinescu, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the longitudinal and spin-Hall conductances in four-lead bridges with Rashba - Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. Numerical results are obtained both within Landauer-Buttiker formalism and by the direct evaluation of the Kubo formula. The microscopic Hamiltonian is obtained in the tight-binding approximation in terms of the neareast-neighbor hopping integral $t$, the Rashba spin-orbit coupling $V_R$, the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling $V_D$ and an Anderson-like, on-site disorder energy strength $W$. We reconfirm that below a critical disorder threshold, the spin-Hall effect is present. Further, we study the effect on the two conductivities of the Fermi energy, Rashba/Dresselhaus coefficient ratio, and system size.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Liposomes with selective and controllable surface reactivity : applications for tumor specific thrombosis
Creators: name: Chiu, Gigi Ngar Chee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The possibility to selectively induce thrombosis in tumor blood vessels offers an interesting approach to attack solid tumors. With the well known propensity of phosphatidylserine (PS) containing membranes to bind blood coagulation proteins with high affinity and catalyze coagulation reactions, it is hypothesized that a tumor vasculaturetargeted liposome containing PS may provide a means to achieve a therapeutic response based on this principle. This thesis presents a stepwise approach to the design of such liposomes. In order to develop thrombogenic liposomes that are able to induce tumor specific blood coagulation while avoiding unwanted side effects, several features must be engineered into the formulation. First, the PS liposome surface should be protected in circulation to prevent unwanted blood coagulation reactions and rapid plasma removal of such liposomes. Results from Chapters 2 and 3 have demonstrated that an elevated level (15 mol%) of poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated lipids (PEG-lipids) is required to prevent the PS-mediated binding of blood coagulation proteins and the rapid removal of PS liposomes. While adequate protection of the PS liposome surface is essential in the circulation, exposure of the thrombogenic PS liposome surface is necessary to trigger the blood coagulation reactions once the liposomes have reached tumor blood vessels. Results from Chapter 4 demonstrate the potential of combining PEG-lipids which have different rates of desorption from PS liposomes to balance PS surface exposure and protection. In addition to controlling the surface thrombogenicity of the PS liposomes, localizing the blood coagulation response within the tumor blood vessels is desirable. A monoclonal antibody (Ab) that recognizes a surface marker selectively expressed on the tumor vascular endothelium was conjugated to the PS liposomes in an attempt to demonstrate localization of the coagulation response. The in vitro results from Chapter 5 demonstrate the potential of PS liposomes targeted to activated endothelial cells to selectively trigger thrombogenesis. Although specific delivery of the Ab-conjugated PS liposomes to tumor vasculature was not demonstrated in LSI 80 tumor bearing mice, attributes important to the in vivo targeting of such liposomes are discussed. The results from these studies provide the basis for developing thrombogenic liposomes that can be selectively activated in tumor vasculature to achieve therapeutic response.