cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficiency, Robustness, and Accuracy in Picky Chart Parsing
Creators: name: Magerman, David M.
name: Weir, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes Picky, a probabilistic agenda-based chart parsing algorithm which uses a technique called {\em probabilistic prediction} to predict which grammar rules are likely to lead to an acceptable parse of the input. Using a suboptimal search method, Picky significantly reduces the number of edges produced by CKY-like chart parsing algorithms, while maintaining the robustness of pure bottom-up parsers and the accuracy of existing probabilistic parsers. Experiments using Picky demonstrate how probabilistic modelling can impact upon the efficiency, robustness and accuracy of a parser.
description: 8 pages
Parus aureola Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus aureola

description: Parus aureola [spec. nov.]
P. niger, capite pectoreque coccineis, remigibus antrorsum macula alba. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p.
Parus niger & fulvus. Edw. av. 83. t. 83. f. 2.
Avicula surinamensis nigra, capite e luteo coccineo. Pet. gaz. 73. t. 46. f. 10.
Avicula mexicana de Chichil totolh altera. Seb. mus. 1. p. 96. t. 60. f. 8. 7.
Habitat in America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 191, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Towards History-based Grammars: Using Richer Models for Probabilistic Parsing
Creators: name: Black, Ezra
name: Jelinek, Fred
name: Lafferty, John
name: Magerman, David M.
name: Mercer, Robert
name: Roukos, Salim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a generative probabilistic model of natural language, which we call HBG, that takes advantage of detailed linguistic information to resolve ambiguity. HBG incorporates lexical, syntactic, semantic, and structural information from the parse tree into the disambiguation process in a novel way. We use a corpus of bracketed sentences, called a Treebank, in combination with decision tree building to tease out the relevant aspects of a parse tree that will determine the correct parse of a sentence. This stands in contrast to the usual approach of further grammar tailoring via the usual linguistic introspection in the hope of generating the correct parse. In head-to-head tests against one of the best existing robust probabilistic parsing models, which we call P-CFG, the HBG model significantly outperforms P-CFG, increasing the parsing accuracy rate from 60% to 75%, a 37% reduction in error.
description: 6 pages
A Stochastic Finite-State Word-Segmentation Algorithm for Chinese
Creators: name: Sproat, Richard
name: Shih, Chilin
name: Gale, William
name: Chang, Nancy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a stochastic finite-state model for segmenting Chinese text into dictionary entries and productively derived words, and providing pronunciations for these words; the method incorporates a class-based model in its treatment of personal names. We also evaluate the system's performance, taking into account the fact that people often do not agree on a single segmentation.
description: To appear in Proceedings of ACL-94
Quantum Field Theory in Categorical Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Gogioso, Stefano
name: Genovese, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use tools from non-standard analysis to formulate the building blocks of quantum field theory within the framework of categorical quantum mechanics. Building upon previous work, we construct an object of *Hilb having quantum fields as states and we show that the usual ladder and field operators can be defined as suitable endomorphisms. We deal with relativistic normalisation and we obtain the Lorentz invariant Heisenberg picture operators. By moving to a coherent perspective -- where the classical time and momentum parameters are replaced by wavefunctions over the parameter spaces -- we show that ladder operators and field operators can be obtained by applying the same morphism to plane waves and delta functions respectively. Finally, we formulate the commutation relations diagrammatically and we use them to derive the propagator.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2018, arXiv:1901.09476
Higher-order moments of the elliptic flow distribution in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrodynamic flow-like behavior of charged hadrons in high-energy lead-lead collisions is studied through multiparticle correlations. The elliptic anisotropy values based on different orders of multiparticle cumulants, $v_{2}\{2k\}$, are measured up to the tenth order ($k$ = 5) as functions of the collision centrality at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 0.607 nb$^{-1}$. A hierarchy is observed between the coefficients, with $v_{2}\{2\} > v_{2}\{4\} \gtrsim v_{2}\{6\} \gtrsim v_{2}\{8\} \gtrsim v_{2}\{10\}$. Based on these results, centrality-dependent moments for the fluctuation-driven event-by-event $v_{2}$ distribution are determined, including the skewness, kurtosis and, for the first time, superskewness. Assuming a hydrodynamic expansion of the produced medium, these moments directly probe the initial-state geometry in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-21-010 (CMS Public Pages)
Common Topics and Coherent Situations: Interpreting Ellipsis in the Context of Discourse Inference
Creators: name: Kehler, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is claimed that a variety of facts concerning ellipsis, event reference, and interclausal coherence can be explained by two features of the linguistic form in question: (1) whether the form leaves behind an empty constituent in the syntax, and (2) whether the form is anaphoric in the semantics. It is proposed that these features interact with one of two types of discourse inference, namely {\it Common Topic} inference and {\it Coherent Situation} inference. The differing ways in which these types of inference utilize syntactic and semantic representations predicts phenomena for which it is otherwise difficult to account.
description: To be presented at ACL-94. 13 pages, LaTeX source, accompanying PostScript figures, requires psfig and lingmacros. Comments are welcome
Fast static analysis for compile-time restructuring of application parallelism on Graphics Processing Units
Creators: name: Stawinoga, Nicolai
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Parallelism is everywhere, with co-processors such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) accelerating the performance of applications such as training deep-learning neural networks, climate forecasting, bitcoin mining, medical imaging, or data analytics on platforms ranging from desktop computers to cloud computing and high performance clusters to mobile phones. Code optimisations enable realising the available performance of such devices, and automating these optimisations enables performance portability of software between different architectures. In this thesis, we consider two code optimisations that can improve application performance by reducing the degree of hardware and software parallelism in a program execution: thread coarsening, which by merging threads reduces the number of threads launched, and artificial occupancy reduction, which limits the number of threads simultaneously processed by allocating superfluous resources. We show how occupancy prediction through re-compilation can enable the selection of near-optimal coarsening factors at compile-time, by which thread coarsening can be applied in a fully automated manner without requiring auto-tuning. We demonstrate that our approach can achieve a maximum speedup of 5.08x (1.30x average) across three different NVidia GPU architectures, two modes of coarsening, different problem sizes, and for code pre-optimised to different degrees. When trying to predict the likely effects of thread coarsening, it is important to consider the effects it might have on cache pressure. We describe how a fast static analysis based on partial symbolic execution can be implemented to identify cache line re-use in programs. We demonstrate how this heuristic approach can improve on the runtime and memory requirements of a more extensive re-use distance analysis by several orders of magnitude, causing it to be sufficiently light-weight for run-time execution. We show that the analysis is able to identify kernels that are likely to experience an increase in cache pressure after coarsening. We explore the interaction of thread coarsening and artificial occupancy reduction, which can have negative effects on cache pressure and processor workload, respectively. We show that the two optimisation techniques can cancel these out when applied in combination, and yield a performance improvement of 8% in some cases. We investigate whether the cache line re-use analysis can identify candidates for artificial occupancy reduction.
Data Management Planning - MRC Funding Applicants
Creators: name: Burnham, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Date 02 September 2015 (original 15 July 2013)Version 1-3This document is an adaptation of a document produced by the data.bris team at the University of Bristol, whose permission to adapt the document is gratefully acknowledged.
This legacy document reflects the research data management guidelines for MRC.
Created as part of the JISCMRD Programme (2011-2013).
How does regulation affect innovation and technology change in the water sector in England and Wales?
Creators: name: Ristic, Bora
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis examines the role of regulation in technological change in the water sector in England and Wales. Based on a combination of Social-Ecological Systems (SES) theory and the Multi-Level Perspective on technological transitions a Comparative Information-Graded Approach (CIGA) is developed in Part 1. As part of the CIGA, a series of tools is used for characterizing and evaluating the relationship between regulation and technology. In Part 2, the CIGA is applied to characterize the relationship between regulation and water innovation in England and Wales based on official publications, Environment Agency data, and interviews. In particular, 7 mechanisms are identified by which regulation affects innovation and 5 issues of trust negatively interact with innovation. As trust is established through these mechanisms, opportunities for innovation are at times sacrificed. Part 3 develops and analyses a set of models based on findings in Part 2. Dynamical systems and fictitious play analysis of a trustee game model of regulation exhibits cyclicality providing an explanation for observed cycles which create an inconsistent drive for innovation. Trustee and coordination models are evaluated in Chapter 7 highlighting how most tools struggle with the issue of technological lock-in. Chapter 8 develops a model of two innovators and a public good water technology over time, showing the role foresight plays in this context as well as the disincentive to develop it. Taken together, the CIGA characterization and modelling work provide a series of recommendations and insights into how the system of regulation affects technology change.
Existence of Shapiro Steps in the Dissipative Regime in Superconducting Weak Links
Creators: name: Shelly, Connor D.
name: See, Patrick
name: Rungger, Ivan
name: Williams, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of microwave-induced Shapiro steps in a superconducting nanobridge weak link in the dissipative branch of a hysteretic current-voltage characteristic. We demonstrate that Shapiro steps can be used to infer a reduced critical current and associated effective local temperature. Our observation of Shapiro steps in the dissipative branch hows that a finite Josephson coupling exists in the dissipative state and thus can be used to put an upper limit on the effective temperature and on the size of the region that can be heated above the critical temperature. This work provides evidence that Josephson behaviour can still exist in thermally-hysteretic weak link devices and will allow extension of the temperature ranges that nanobridge based single flux quantum circuits, nanoSQUIDs and Josephson voltage standards can be used.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux dit Cartularium Vetus (milieu XIIIe siècle) et Notices du XIIe siècle, Cart. 169 (11 H 63), f. 0076r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux dit Cartularium Vetus (milieu XIIIe siècle) et Notices du XIIe siècle, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 169 (11 H 63), f. 0076r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux dit Cartularium Vetus (milieu XIIIe siècle) et Notices du XIIe siècle, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 169 (11 H 63), f. 0076r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Assessment of Deep Learning Segmentation for Real-Time Free-Breathing Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Rest and Under Exercise Stress
Creators: name: Schilling, Martin
name: Unterberg-Buchwald, Christina
name: Lotz, Joachim
name: Uecker, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, a variety of deep learning networks for cardiac MRI (CMR) segmentation have been developed and analyzed. However, nearly all of them are focused on cine CMR under breathold. In this work, accuracy of deep learning methods is assessed for volumetric analysis (via segmentation) of the left ventricle in real-time free-breathing CMR at rest and under exercise stress. Data from healthy volunteers (n=15) for cine and real-time free-breathing CMR at rest and under exercise stress were analyzed retrospectively. Segmentations of a commercial software (comDL) and a freely available neural network (nnU-Net), were compared to a reference created via the manual correction of comDL segmentation. Segmentation of left ventricular endocardium (LV), left ventricular myocardium (MYO), and right ventricle (RV) is evaluated for both end-systolic and end-diastolic phases and analyzed with Dice's coefficient (DC). The volumetric analysis includes LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), LV end-systolic volume (ESV), and LV ejection fraction (EF). For cine CMR, nnU-Net and comDL achieve a DC above 0.95 for LV and 0.9 for MYO, and RV. For real-time CMR, the accuracy of nnU-Net exceeds that of comDL overall. For real-time CMR at rest, nnU-Net achieves a DC of 0.94 for LV, 0.89 for MYO, and 0.90 for RV; mean absolute differences between nnU-Net and reference are 2.9mL for EDV, 3.5mL for ESV and 2.6% for EF. For real-time CMR under exercise stress, nnU-Net achieves a DC of 0.92 for LV, 0.85 for MYO, and 0.83 for RV; mean absolute differences between nnU-Net and reference are 11.4mL for EDV, 2.9mL for ESV and 3.6% for EF. Deep learning methods designed or trained for cine CMR segmentation can perform well on real-time CMR. For real-time free-breathing CMR at rest, the performance of deep learning methods is comparable to inter-observer variability in cine CMR and is usable or fully automatic segmentation.
description: Martin Schilling and Christina Unterberg-Buchwald contributed equally to this work
Symmetric Monoidal Structure with Local Character is a Property
Creators: name: Gogioso, Stefano
name: Marsden, Dan
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In previous work we proved that, for categories of free finite-dimensional modules over a commutative semiring, linear compact-closed symmetric monoidal structure is a property, rather than a structure. That is, if there is such a structure, then it is uniquely defined (up to monoidal equivalence). Here we provide a novel unifying category-theoretic notion of symmetric monoidal structure with local character, which we prove to be a property for a much broader spectrum of categorical examples, including the infinite-dimensional case of relations over a quantale and the non-free case of finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2018, arXiv:1901.09476
Bulk photovoltaic effect in antiferromagnet: Role of collective spin dynamics
Creators: name: Iguchi, Junta
name: Watanabe, Hikaru
name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent advancements in the bulk photovoltaic effect which can extend beyond the independent particle approximation (IPA), this study delves into the influence of collective spin dynamics in an antiferromagnetic on photocurrent generation using a time domain calculation. In the linear and photocurrent conductivity spectra, we observe peaks below the bandgap regime, attributed to the resonant contributions of collective modes, alongside broadband modifications resulting from off-resonant spin dynamics. Notably, the emergence of spin dynamics allows various types of photocurrent, which are absent in the IPA framework. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of energy scale proximity between electronic and spin degrees of freedom in enabling efficient feedback between them. These findings offer new avenues for efficient energy harvesting and optoelectronic applications.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Essays in financial economics
Creators: name: Barbalau, Adelina Gerogiana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The thesis investigates the way that decision-makers' understanding of risks impacts real and financial markets. The first two chapters explore theoretically how decision-makers learn about the risks that they are exposed to, and what are the implications of their information choices in terms of the transmission of shocks to the real economy. The last chapter proposes an econometric framework for empirically testing whether the compensation that decision-makers require for being exposed to systematic sources of risk in financial markets is in line with economic theory.
Spectroscopic and optoelectronic characterisation of solution-processed tin monosulfide solar cells
Creators: name: Ding, Dong
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Tin mono-sulphide (SnS) has emerged as a promising photovoltaic material because of the earth-abundance, non-toxicity and its optical properties. SnS exhibits a high absorption coefficient (>104cm-1) with an ideal band gap of 1.3 eV (ca. 950 nm), which make it an excellent light absorber for photovoltaic applications. To date, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of SnS-based solar cells is up to 4.4% although the theoretical PCE is 32%; and SnS layers were obtained by atomic layer deposition and thermal evaporation. There are very few attempts using fast and cost-efficient methods; therefore, solution-processed fabrication methods for SnS thin films as well as the conjugated organic semiconductors to prepare hybrid solar cells are particularly interesting. This thesis explores the possibility of SnS as a new and promising light-harvesting absorber material. It focuses on the fabrication of a straight-forward, solution-based route for the preparation of SnS films, and optimisation of the surface coverage and the morphology which are monitored by a range of characterisation techniques. In particular, an exhaustive transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) study has elucidated the key parameters that influence the optoelectronic properties of SnS/organic hybrid systems. Furthermore, a systematic study of the effects of processing parameters on the device efficiency was carried out which reveals the optimal conditions for efficient SnS-based solar cell performance.
Topics in statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Pausch, Johannes
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: This thesis aims to showcase the versatility of statistical mechanics. It splits into two parts: firstly, applications of Doi-Peliti field theory to filament growth and branching processes, and secondly, wetting phenomena on structured surfaces. In Chapter 1, I derive the Doi-Peliti field theory; the derivation starts with stochastic processes that obey the Markov property and goes on to link them to the master equation. It is then recast as a partial differential equation of the probability generating function, the solution of which is found perturbatively with the Doi-Peliti path integral. This path integral formulation is used in Chapter 2 to model continuous-time branching processes. The critical behaviour of these processes is studied analytically and corroborated with simulations. The results were also published in [51] and show a natural link between the mathematics of stochastic processes and Doi-Peliti field theory. The field theory is then applied to the reaction-diffusion process of filament growth in Chapter 3. The filaments are polymers found in cells of living organisms, which assemble by incorporating their building blocks from the environment. However, if the environment does not contain enough building blocks, the filaments disassemble. The stochastic switching between disassembly and assembly leads to intriguing dynamics. Some of the results are part of a published article [118]. Statistical mechanics is also concerned with equilibrium phenomena. A class of these phenomena is studied in Chapter 4 in the context of wetting. Wetting occurs when a fluid forms a liquid film on a solid surface. If the surface is structured, i.e. has edges or corners, the occurrence of phase transitions of the liquid film depends on its specific structure. The structured surfaces studied in this thesis are the wedge and the apex; the results for them were also published in [133].
Integration Of Visual Inter-word Constraints And Linguistic Knowledge In Degraded Text Recognition
Creators: name: Hong, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Degraded text recognition is a difficult task. Given a noisy text image, a word recognizer can be applied to generate several candidates for each word image. High-level knowledge sources can then be used to select a decision from the candidate set for each word image. In this paper, we propose that visual inter-word constraints can be used to facilitate candidate selection. Visual inter-word constraints provide a way to link word images inside the text page, and to interpret them systematically.
description: 3 pages, PostScript File, to appear in the Proceedings of ACL-94, Student Session
Pure Maps between Euclidean Jordan Algebras
Creators: name: Westerbaan, Abraham
name: Westerbaan, Bas
name: van de Wetering, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a definition of purity for positive linear maps between Euclidean Jordan Algebras (EJA) that generalizes the notion of purity for quantum systems. We show that this definition of purity is closed under composition and taking adjoints and thus that the pure maps form a dagger category (which sets it apart from other possible definitions.) In fact, from the results presented in this paper, it follows that the category of EJAs with positive contractive linear maps is a dagger-effectus, a type of structure originally defined to study von Neumann algebras in an abstract categorical setting. In combination with previous work this characterizes EJAs as the most general systems allowed in a generalized probabilistic theory that is simultaneously a dagger-effectus. Using the dagger structure we get a notion of dagger-positive maps of the form f = g*g. We give a complete characterization of the pure dagger-positive maps and show that these correspond precisely to the Jordan algebraic version of the sequential product that maps (a,b) to sqrt(a) b sqrt(a). The notion of dagger-positivity therefore characterizes the sequential product.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2018, arXiv:1901.09476
RFTrans: Leveraging Refractive Flow of Transparent Objects for Surface Normal Estimation and Manipulation
Creators: name: Tang, Tutian
name: Liu, Jiyu
name: Zhang, Jieyi
name: Fu, Haoyuan
name: Xu, Wenqiang
name: Lu, Cewu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transparent objects are widely used in our daily lives, making it important to teach robots to interact with them. However, it's not easy because the reflective and refractive effects can make depth cameras fail to give accurate geometry measurements. To solve this problem, this paper introduces RFTrans, an RGB-D-based method for surface normal estimation and manipulation of transparent objects. By leveraging refractive flow as an intermediate representation, the proposed method circumvents the drawbacks of directly predicting the geometry (e.g. surface normal) from images and helps bridge the sim-to-real gap. It integrates the RFNet, which predicts refractive flow, object mask, and boundaries, followed by the F2Net, which estimates surface normal from the refractive flow. To make manipulation possible, a global optimization module will take in the predictions, refine the raw depth, and construct the point cloud with normal. An off-the-shelf analytical grasp planning algorithm is followed to generate the grasp poses. We build a synthetic dataset with physically plausible ray-tracing rendering techniques to train the networks. Results show that the proposed method trained on the synthetic dataset can consistently outperform the baseline method in both synthetic and real-world benchmarks by a large margin. Finally, a real-world robot grasping task witnesses an 83% success rate, proving that refractive flow can help enable direct sim-to-real transfer. The code, data, and supplementary materials are available at https://rftrans.robotflow.ai.
Supplementary material for article"A multi-dating approach to age-modelling long continental records: The 135 ka El Cañizar de Villarquemado sequence (NE Spain)".
Creators: name: Valero-Garcés, B.L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This is a file containing analytical and methodological details to build the depth age model El Cañizar de Villarquemado record.
Data Management Planning - ESRC Funding Applicants
Creators: name: Burnham, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Date 02 September 2015 (original 15 July 2013)Version 1-3This document is an adaptation of a document produced by the data.bris team at the University of Bristol, whose permission to adapt the document is gratefully acknowledged.
This legacy document reflects the research data management guidelines for ESRC.

Created as part of the JISCMRD Programme (2011-2013).
Low-Energy Effective Theory at a Quantum Critical Point of the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model: Mean-Field Analysis
Creators: name: Veschgini, Kambis
name: Salmhofer, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complement previous functional renormalization group (fRG) studies of the two-dimensional Hubbard model by mean-field calculations. The focus falls on Van Hove filling and the the hopping amplitude t'/t=0.341. The fRG data suggest a quantum critical point (QCP) in this region and in its vicinity a singular fermionic self-energy, Im $Σ(ω)/ω\sim |ω|^{-γ}$ with $γ\approx 0.26$. Here we start a more detailed investigation of this QCP using a bosonic formulation for the effective action, where the bosons couple to the order parameter fields. To this end, we use the channel decomposition of the fermionic effective action developed in [Phys. Rev. B 79, 195125 (2009)], which allows to perform Hubbard-Stratonovich transformations for all relevant order parameter fields at any given energy scale. We stop the flow at a scale where the correlations of the order parameter field are already pronounced, but the flow is still regular, and derive the effective boson theory. It contains d-wave superconducting, magnetic, and density-density interactions. We analyze the resulting phase diagram in the mean-field approximation. We show that the singular fermionic self-energy suppresses gap formation both in the superconducting and magnetic channel already at the mean-field level, thus rounding a first-order transition (without self-energy) to a quantum phase transition (with self-energy). We give a simple effective model that shows the generality of this effect. In the two-dimensional Hubbard model, the effective density-density interaction is peaked at a nonzero frequency, so that solving the mean-field equations already involves a functional equation instead of simply a matrix equation (on a technical level, similar to incommensurate phases). Within a certain approximation, we show that such an interaction leads to a short quasiparticle lifetime.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
The possible links between COPD and lung cancer: cellular and mitochondrial function in airway epithelial cells
Creators: name: Thangboonjit, Weerawon
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major risk factor for both COPD and lung cancer and many lung cancer patients have COPD. CS-derived oxidant exposure in airway epithelial cells leads to abnormal function. Persistent inflammation in COPD together with mutations and dysregulated cell cycle contributes to lung cancer development. Mitochondria are the hub of bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and intracellular signalling pathways. The role of mitochondria in the development of lung cancer in COPD is not widely investigated. We hypothesised that mitochondrial dysfunction causes some COPD patients to develop lung cancer. Treatment of bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) caused mitochondrial function alteration and apoptosis. Interleukin (IL)-1β-induced proliferation and inflammation was greater when co-treated with H2O2. N-acetyl cysteine had a greater protective effect than mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants. The effects of mitochondrial-directed antioxidants were also investigated in BEAS-2B, normal primary bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) and the lung cancer cell line (A549). At baseline, A549 showed lower mitochondrial membrane potential and higher mitochondrial superoxide and respiration spare capacity. Mitochondrial protection by antioxidants in these cell types was unclear as H2O2 minimally affected the mitochondrial parameters and cell functions. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) revealed that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis pathway signatures in lung cancer patients were related to smoking status. Matched normal-tumour pairs showed significantly higher glycolytic gene expression in tumour whereas higher mitochondrial protein (NDUFA9) expression was detected in background tissue from smokers compared with tumour tissue in COPD patients suggesting an early OXPHOS compensatory mechanism in background tissue and glycolytic switching in the tumour. Background and tumour tissues suggested defects in mitochondrial structure in COPD. This study provides an initial insight into how changes in mitochondria and metabolic pathways could link COPD and lung cancer and has clinical implications for carcinogenesis prevention by treating COPD patients.
Additional file 2 of kMoL: an open-source machine and federated learning library for drug discovery
Creators: name: Cozac, Romeo
name: Hasic, Haris
name: Choong, Jun Jin
name: Richard, Vincent
name: Beheshti, Loic
name: Froehlich, Cyrille
name: Koyama, Takuto
name: Matsumoto, Shigeyuki
name: Kojima, Ryosuke
name: Iwata, Hiroaki
name: Hasegawa, Aki
name: Otsuka, Takao
name: Okuno, Yasushi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary material 2.
A General Framework for User-Guided Bayesian Optimization
Creators: name: Hvarfner, Carl
name: Hutter, Frank
name: Nardi, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The optimization of expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions is prevalent in various scientific disciplines. Bayesian optimization is an automatic, general and sample-efficient method to solve these problems with minimal knowledge of the underlying function dynamics. However, the ability of Bayesian optimization to incorporate prior knowledge or beliefs about the function at hand in order to accelerate the optimization is limited, which reduces its appeal for knowledgeable practitioners with tight budgets. To allow domain experts to customize the optimization routine, we propose ColaBO, the first Bayesian-principled framework for incorporating prior beliefs beyond the typical kernel structure, such as the likely location of the optimizer or the optimal value. The generality of ColaBO makes it applicable across different Monte Carlo acquisition functions and types of user beliefs. We empirically demonstrate ColaBO's ability to substantially accelerate optimization when the prior information is accurate, and to retain approximately default performance when it is misleading.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
ZH: A Complete Graphical Calculus for Quantum Computations Involving Classical Non-linearity
Creators: name: Backens, Miriam
name: Kissinger, Aleks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new graphical calculus that is sound and complete for a universal family of quantum circuits, which can be seen as the natural string-diagrammatic extension of the approximately (real-valued) universal family of Hadamard+CCZ circuits. The diagrammatic language is generated by two kinds of nodes: the so-called 'spider' associated with the computational basis, as well as a new arity-N generalisation of the Hadamard gate, which satisfies a variation of the spider fusion law. Unlike previous graphical calculi, this admits compact encodings of non-linear classical functions. For example, the AND gate can be depicted as a diagram of just 2 generators, compared to ~25 in the ZX-calculus. Consequently, N-controlled gates, hypergraph states, Hadamard+Toffoli circuits, and diagonal circuits at arbitrary levels of the Clifford hierarchy also enjoy encodings with low constant overhead. This suggests that this calculus will be significantly more convenient for reasoning about the interplay between classical non-linear behaviour (e.g. in an oracle) and purely quantum operations. After presenting the calculus, we will prove it is sound and complete for universal quantum computation by demonstrating the reduction of any diagram to an easily describable normal form.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2018, arXiv:1901.09476
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0123r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0123r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.3 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 168 (11 H 66), f. 0123r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Data Management Planning - EPSRC Funding Applicants
Creators: name: Burnham, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Date 2 September 2015 (original 15 July 2013)Version 1-3This document is an adaptation of a document produced by the data.bris team at the University of Bristol, whose permission to adapt the document is gratefully acknowledged.
This legacy document reflects the research data management guidelines for EPSRC.
Created as part of the JISCMRD Programme (2011-2013).
Parus cela Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus
Parus cela

description: Parus cela [spec. nov.]
P. niger, rostro albo, macula alarum basique caudae flavis. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p ...
Habitat in Indiis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 191, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Riemannian kernel based Nyström method for approximate infinite-dimensional covariance descriptors with application to image set classification
Creators: name: Chen, Kai-Xuan
name: Wu, Xiao-Jun
name: Wang, Rui
name: Kittler, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the domain of pattern recognition, using the CovDs (Covariance Descriptors) to represent data and taking the metrics of the resulting Riemannian manifold into account have been widely adopted for the task of image set classification. Recently, it has been proven that infinite-dimensional CovDs are more discriminative than their low-dimensional counterparts. However, the form of infinite-dimensional CovDs is implicit and the computational load is high. We propose a novel framework for representing image sets by approximating infinite-dimensional CovDs in the paradigm of the Nyström method based on a Riemannian kernel. We start by modeling the images via CovDs, which lie on the Riemannian manifold spanned by SPD (Symmetric Positive Definite) matrices. We then extend the Nyström method to the SPD manifold and obtain the approximations of CovDs in RKHS (Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space). Finally, we approximate infinite-dimensional CovDs via these approximations. Empirically, we apply our framework to the task of image set classification. The experimental results obtained on three benchmark datasets show that our proposed approximate infinite-dimensional CovDs outperform the original CovDs.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, International Conference on Pattern Recognition 2018
Precise n-gram Probabilities from Stochastic Context-free Grammars
Creators: name: Stolcke, Andreas
name: Segal, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an algorithm for computing n-gram probabilities from stochastic context-free grammars, a procedure that can alleviate some of the standard problems associated with n-grams (estimation from sparse data, lack of linguistic structure, among others). The method operates via the computation of substring expectations, which in turn is accomplished by solving systems of linear equations derived from the grammar. We discuss efficient implementation of the algorithm and report our practical experience with it.
description: 12 pages, to appear in ACL-94
Additional file 1 of The behavioral phenotype in a cohort of patients with chromosome 18 anomalies: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Allegri, Beatrice
name: Ajmone, Paola Francesca
name: Michelini, Giovanni
name: Antonietti, Virginia
name: Tornielli, Silvia
name: Bruschi, Fabio
name: Dall’Ara, Francesca
name: Monti, Federico
name: Milani, Donatella
name: Vizziello, Paola Giovanna
name: Costantino, Maria Antonella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Algebraic K-theory of stable $\infty$-categories via binary complexes
Creators: name: Kasprowski, Daniel
name: Winges, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19D99, 18F25

description: We adapt Grayson's model of higher algebraic $K$-theory using binary acyclic complexes to the setting of stable $\infty$-categories. As an application, we prove that the $K$-theory of stable $\infty$-categories preserves infinite products.
description: 20 pages; accepted for publication by the Journal of Topology
Hirundo Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Hirundinidae
Hirundo

description: Hirundo [gen. nov.]
Rostrum minimum, incurvum, subulatum, basi depressum.
Rictus capite amplius.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 191, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Particularities of polaron formation in the extended Holstein model with next nearest neighbor transfer
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Monodeep
name: Chatterjee, Jayita
name: Fehske, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing a largely unbiased variational exact diagonalization technique, we analyze the consequences of longer-ranged electron hopping and electron-phonon interaction on polaron formation in one dimension. Having at our disposal the accurate ground state energy and wavefunction, we calculate and discuss various physical quantities, such as the renormalized band structure, effective mass, wave-function renormalization factor, phonon dressing and Drude weight, characterizing the properties of the polaronic quasiparticle. We demonstrate that the electron-phonon coupling affects the relative strength of the nearest-neigbor (NN) and next-nearest-neigbor (NNN) hopping processes in a dynamic way. Most notably we observe that the minimum of the polaron band, occurring at a finite momentum for large negative ratio between NN and NNN transfer, jumps to zero momentum as the electron-phonon coupling exceeds a critical one, thereby causing a rather sharp polaron transition in the one-dimensional extended Holstein model. The signatures of this transition are seen in the effective mass and polaron mobility, and therefore should be easily detectable by transport measurements.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, minor corrections
Lower bound on entanglement in subspaces defined by Young diagrams
Creators: name: Reuvers, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eigenvalues of 1-particle reduced density matrices of $N$-fermion states are upper bounded by $1/N$, resulting in a lower bound on entanglement entropy. We generalize these bounds to all other subspaces defined by Young diagrams in the Schur-Weyl decomposition of $\otimes^N\mathbb{C}^d$.
description: Published version, 21 pages
Josephson-plasma and vortex modes in layered superconductors
Creators: name: Sonin, E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson-plasma and vortex modes in layered superconductors have been studied theoretically for low magnetic fields parallel and perpendicular to layers. The two modes belong to the same lowest-frequency branch of collective-mode spectrum localized near vortices. This is the Josephson-plasma resonance if pancakes are strongly pinned and cannot move. Otherwise the lowest-frequency mode is a vortex mode governed by pancake pinning and the vortex mass. The latter is strongly enhanced by wandering of a vortex line around its average direction. The recently observed jump of the magnetoabsorption-resonance frequency at the vortex phase transition line is interpreted as a transition from the Josephson-plasma to the vortex mode.
description: 4 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett