cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The associations between zinc levels and birth weight in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a matched cohort study in China - Supplementary materials
Creators: name: JIAJUN LUO
name: Weiwei Wu
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Chen, Xi
name: Yongliang Feng
name: Hailan Yang
name: Wang, Ying
name: Li, Mei
name: Bingjie Xie
name: Pengge Guo
name: Zeyan Liew
name: Deziel, Nicole C.
name: Vasiliou, Vasilis
name: Xiaoming Shi
name: Suping Wang
name: Yawei Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary material for the article entitled "The associations between zinc levels and birth weight in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a matched cohort study in China".
Coccinella Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Raza, Ghulam
name: Ali, Shaukat
name: Anjum, Syed Istiaq
name: Hussain, Ishtiaq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Coccinella

description: KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ADULT COCCINELLA IN SINDH PROVINCE, PAKISTAN
1. Elytra with 7–11 spots; postcoxal line meeting with posterior margin of first sternite.......... 2
 1 ʹ. Elytra with 3 tranverse patches; postcoxal line nearly reaching posterior margin of first sternite...........  Coccinella transversalis Fabricius
 2. Prosternal process with longer, well-marked carinae; head with a large, triangular, whitish spot adjacent to each eye; pronotum with a quadrate, whitish spot on each anterior angle; elytra reddish yellow with 7 black spots; depression on terminal sternite in male bearing 4 groups of setae on all sides..............................  Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus
 2 ʹ. Prosternal process with much elevated, short, narrow carinae; head with a small, rounded, whitish spot near each eye; pronotum with an elongated, whitish spot on each anterior angle; elytra yellow to red with a large scutellar black spot and each elytron with 5 black spots...........  Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus
description: Published as part of Ali, Muhammad, Raza, Ghulam, Ali, Shaukat, Anjum, Syed Istiaq & Hussain, Ishtiaq, 2018, The Tribe Coccinellini Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Sindh, Pakistan, pp. 629-638 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (3) on pages 630-631, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.3.629, http://zenodo.org/record/4836836
Traffic Signal Optimization on a Square Lattice with Quantum Annealing
Creators: name: Inoue, Daisuke
name: Okada, Akihisa
name: Matsumori, Tadayoshi
name: Aihara, Kazuyuki
name: Yoshida, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spread of intelligent transportation systems in urban cities has caused heavy computational loads, requiring a novel architecture for managing large-scale traffic. In this study, we develop a method for globally controlling traffic signals arranged on a square lattice by means of a quantum annealing machine, namely the D-Wave quantum annealer. We first formulate a signal optimization problem that minimizes the imbalance of traffic flows in two orthogonal directions. Then we reformulate this problem as an Ising Hamiltonian, which is fully compatible with quantum annealers. The new control method is compared with a conventional local control method for a large 50-by-50 city, and the results exhibit the superiority of our global control method in suppressing traffic imbalance over wide parameter ranges. Furthermore, the solutions to the global control method obtained with the quantum annealing machine are better than those obtained with conventional simulated annealing. In addition, we prove analytically that the local and the global control methods converge at the limit where cars have equal probabilities for turning and going straight. These results are verified with numerical experiments.
description: This is a pre-print of an article published in Scientific Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82740-0
Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Raza, Ghulam
name: Ali, Shaukat
name: Anjum, Syed Istiaq
name: Hussain, Ishtiaq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Coccinella
Coccinella undecimpunctata

description: Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus, 1758  (Fig. 2A–E)
 Material Examined. [SINDH], 16, 6♀, Tandojam, 24. VI.1971, leg. M.I. Khan; 56, 7♀, Larkana 30. VI.1971, leg. M.I. Khan; 56, 7♀, Mirpur Khas, 20. VI.1971, leg. M. Khan; 9♀, Thatta, 30.IV.1971, leg. M.I. Khan; 56, 10♀, Hyderabad, 10. III. 2010, leg. M. Ali (NHMUK).
 Diagnosis. Body black, head black with a small, rounded, whitish spot near each eye; pronotum black with an elongated, whitish spot on each anterior angle; elytra with 11 spots (Fig. 2A), each elytron with a common large, pentagonal scutellar spot plus one small, oval humeral spot, two slightly tetragonal sublateral spots, and two subsutural spots, anterior subsutural spot larger, oval, while posterior one small, elongate-oval. Length 4.5–5.5 mm; width 2.7–4.1 mm; body elongate oval. Eyes large with minute facets; anterior margin of ligula slightly pointed; submentum comparatively larger with narrow anterior margin. Prosternal process with much elevated, short, narrow carinae; scuto-scutellar suture semicircular, broad; epipleuron with inner margin medially concave, slightly broader anteriorly, narrowing posteriorly. Postcoxal line deeply curving, meeting posterior margin of first sternite medially; depression on terminal sternite in male surrounded by setae.
 Genitalia. Penis slightly curved, distally bifid; penal capsule flattened; median lobe shorter than parameres, thickened, tapering apically; parameres narrow,short; trabes short, straight, with margins folded (Fig. 2A–B). Genital plates somewhat quadrangular; lateral plates slightly curved mesad; spermathecal capsule broadly curved, cornu deeply sharped while ramus longer, nodulus very small (Fig. 2C–D).
 Distribution in Sindh Province. Tandojam, Hyderabad, Sukkar, Mirpur Khas, and Thatta.
description: Published as part of Ali, Muhammad, Raza, Ghulam, Ali, Shaukat, Anjum, Syed Istiaq & Hussain, Ishtiaq, 2018, The Tribe Coccinellini Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Sindh, Pakistan, pp. 629-638 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (3) on pages 631-632, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.3.629, http://zenodo.org/record/4836836
On rational electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Kumar, Kaushlendra
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a recently developed method for constructing rational electromagnetic field configurations in Minkowski space to investigate several properties of these source-free finite-action Maxwell ("knot") solutions. The construction takes place on the Penrose diagram but uses features of de Sitter space, in particular its isometry group. This admits a classification of all knot solutions in terms of $S^3$ harmonics, labelled by a spin $2j\in{\mathbb N}_0$, which in fact provides a complete "knot basis" of finite-action Maxwell fields. We display a $j{=}1$ example, compute the energy for arbitrary spin-$j$ configurations, derive a linear relation between spin and helicity and characterize the subspace of null fields. Finally, we present an expression for the electromagnetic flux at null infinity and demonstrate its equality with the total energy.
description: 1+14 pages LaTeX, 4 figures in 6 parts; v2: additional j=1 knot solution, discussion and illustration of energy densitites and field lines, 3 more refs., published in PLA
Hamiltonian Study of Improved $U(1$ Lattice Gauge Theory in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Loan, Mushtaq
name: Hamer, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive analysis of the Symanzik improved anisotropic three-dimensional U(1) lattice gauge theory in the Hamiltonian limit is made. Monte Carlo techniques are used to obtain numerical results for the static potential, ratio of the renormalized and bare anisotropies, the string tension, lowest glueball masses and the mass ratio. Evidence that rotational symmetry is established more accurately for the Symanzik improved anisotropic action is presented. The discretization errors in the static potential and the renormalization of the bare anisotropy are found to be only a few percent compared to errors of about 20-25% for the unimproved gauge action. Evidence of scaling in the string tension, antisymmetric mass gap and the mass ratio is observed in the weak coupling region and the behaviour is tested against analytic and numerical results obtained in various other Hamiltonian studies of the theory. We find that more accurate determination of the scaling coefficients of the string tension and the antisymmetric mass gap has been achieved, and the agreement with various other Hamiltonian studies of the theory is excellent. The improved action is found to give faster convergence to the continuum limit. Very clear evidence is obtained that in the continuum limit the glueball ratio $M_{S}/M_{A}$ approaches exactly 2, as expected in a theory of free, massive bosons.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Coccinella transversalis Fabricius 1781
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Raza, Ghulam
name: Ali, Shaukat
name: Anjum, Syed Istiaq
name: Hussain, Ishtiaq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Coccinella
Coccinella transversalis

description: Coccinella transversalis Fabricius, 1781  (Fig. 3A–E)
 Material Examined. [SINDH], 36, 5♀, Hyderabad, 12.XII.1965, leg. Ahmed; 106, 15♀, Larkana 30. VI.1971, leg. M.I. Khan; 106, 6♀, Mirpur Khas, 20. VI.1971, leg. M. Khan; 86, 12♀, Thatta, 30.IV.1971, leg. M.I. Khan; 66, 3♀, Karachi, 15.VII.2009, leg. M. Ali (NHMUK).
 Diagnosis. Body black, head black with a pair of large, creamy yellow, triangular spots on frons near eyes; pronotum black, anterolateral corners light cream; each elytron dull orange and yellowish with a common subscutellar spot, a trilobed spot, a transverse band not reaching to lateral margin, three spots usually fused to form a transverse marking, sutural line with a black stripe (Fig. 3); sometimes elytral pattern variable. Length 6.0–6.5 mm; width 4.5–5.0 mm; slightly elongate-oval. Eyes small, with minute facets; ligula notched anteriorly; submentum comparatively large, elongated. Pronotum with two triangular spots on anterolateral angles; prosternal process with a pair of carinae hardly extending beyond level of front coxae; scutoscutellar suture straight; epipleuron with inner margin medially concave, slightly broad anteriorly, narrowing posteriorly. Postcoxal line V-shaped, not reaching anterior margin of second sternite.
 Genitalia. Penis curved slightly, distally with a deep notch on ventral surface bearing a terminal triangular process; penal capsule with opposite arm elongated, distally broader while adjacent arm very small, deeply curved; median lobe thick, short, apex broadly pointed; parameres thick, longer; trabes short, straight, with deeply folded margins, expanded distally (Fig 3A–B). Genital plates somewhat triangular; lateral plates deeply curved, notched mesad; spermathecal capsule deeply curved, thick, cornu moderate; ramus thick, short, nodulus long (Fig. 3C–D).
 Distribution in Sindh Province. Tandojam, Hyderabad, Sukkar, Mirpur Khas, Thatta, and Karachi.
description: Published as part of Ali, Muhammad, Raza, Ghulam, Ali, Shaukat, Anjum, Syed Istiaq & Hussain, Ishtiaq, 2018, The Tribe Coccinellini Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Sindh, Pakistan, pp. 629-638 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (3) on page 632, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.3.629, http://zenodo.org/record/4836836
Mode Entanglement and Entangling power in Bosonic Graphs
Creators: name: Giorda, Paolo
name: Zanardi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the quantum entanglement properties of bosonic particles hopping over graph structures.Mode-entanglement of a graph vertex with respect the rest of the graph is generated, starting from a product state, by turning on for a finite time a tunneling along the graph edges. The maximum achieved during the dynamical evolution by this bi-partite entanglement characterizes the entangling power of a given hopping hamiltonian. We studied this entangling power as a function of the self-interaction parameters i.e., non-linearities, for all the graphs up to four vertices and for two different natural choices of the initial state. The role of graph topology and self-interaction strengths in optimizing entanglement generation is extensively studied by means of exact numerical simulations and by perturbative calculations.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages, 19 figures
Christian soldiers on local battlefields: Campaigning for control of America's school boards
Creators: name: Deckman, Melissa M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This dissertation explores the impact of the Christian Right on school board elections by conducting a national survey and two case studies. This study considers how elements from the four major political participation models---the socioeconomic status (SES) model, the rational choice model, the contextual model, and the mobilization model---help to explain why, when, and how conservative Christians run for school board. The major political participation models used by political scientists tend to overlook the contributions that religion makes toward explaining the political behavior of certain individuals. By considering how certain religious variables often neglected by political scientists relate to each of the models, this study sheds new light on how religion inspires citizens to participate in politics and when and how they do it. The study finds that in at least two of the political participation models, religion enhances their explanatory power when it comes to the case of Christian Right school board candidates. The study finds that Christian Right candidates are significantly more likely than non-Christian Right candidates to link their religious convictions to their decision to become school board candidates. In this sense, conservative Christians are more likely to derive religious "purposive benefits" from their participation, as the rational choice model would argue. Religion also relates to the contextual model of political participation if one is willing to consider the church as a social "context." This study finds that the church plays a more important role in the lives of Christian Right candidates than non-Christian Right candidates. From a contextual model perspective, the church life of Christian Right candidates facilitates an environment that both raises awareness about local issues and offers support for those members who wish to address these issues in the political arena. Religion adds little to the two remaining models of political participation. Particularly disappointing is the performance of the mobilization model. This study finds that Christian Right organizations play little role in motivating or assisting conservative Christians in their bids for school board office.
Empirical Comparison of Graph Embeddings for Trust-Based Collaborative Filtering
Creators: name: Duricic, Tomislav
name: Hussain, Hussain
name: Lacic, Emanuel
name: Kowald, Dominik
name: Helic, Denis
name: Lex, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we study the utility of graph embeddings to generate latent user representations for trust-based collaborative filtering. In a cold-start setting, on three publicly available datasets, we evaluate approaches from four method families: (i) factorization-based, (ii) random walk-based, (iii) deep learning-based, and (iv) the Large-scale Information Network Embedding (LINE) approach. We find that across the four families, random-walk-based approaches consistently achieve the best accuracy. Besides, they result in highly novel and diverse recommendations. Furthermore, our results show that the use of graph embeddings in trust-based collaborative filtering significantly improves user coverage.
description: 10 pages, Accepted as a full paper on the 25th International Symposium on Methodologies for Intelligent Systems (ISMIS'20)
Dust emission in early-type galaxies: The mid-infrared view
Creators: name: Xilouris, E. M.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Vigroux, L.
name: Sauvage, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present mid-infrared (MIR) maps for a sample of 18 early-type galaxies observed at 4.5, 6.7 and 15 microns with the ISOCAM instrument on board the ISO satellite with a 6'' spatial resolution. We model the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of these galaxies using the stellar evolutionary synthesis model PEGASE and we derive the MIR excess over the stellar component. We then explore the nature of this excess in terms of dust and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon molecules (PAHs). We find that out of 18 galaxies, 10 show excess at 6.7 microns (due to the presence of PAH features) and 14 show excess at 15 microns (due to the presence of warm dust). In two galaxies, where a more complete wavelength coverage exists, an excess around 9.7 microns is seen (presumably due to silicate dust emission), while two other galaxies are totally devoid of dust. We also examine the morphology of the galaxies in these wavelengths by plotting the azimuthally averaged radial profiles as well as the MIR color profiles. We find that for the majority of the galaxies the 4.5 micron emission is well described by a de Vaucouleurs profile. The 6.7 and 15 micron emission is smoothly distributed throughout the galaxy while only a few galaxies show MIR emission which is more concentrated close to the center. Two dwarf galaxies in our sample show patchy distributions of the MIR emission while two other galaxies show edge-on disks. With color-color diagrams we delineate the regions occupied by late-type and early-type galaxies. Finally we show that the MIR excess found in strong radio galaxies like NGC 4486 (M87) can be explained by synchrotron emission.
description: 12 pages, 19 reduced figures (JPG), Accepted for publication by A&A. A paper with full resolution figures can be found at: http://www.astro.noa.gr/~xilouris/iso/paper.pdf
Christian soldiers on local battlefields: Campaigning for control of America's school boards
Creators: name: Deckman, Melissa M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation explores the impact of the Christian Right on school board elections by conducting a national survey and two case studies. This study considers how elements from the four major political participation models---the socioeconomic status (SES) model, the rational choice model, the contextual model, and the mobilization model---help to explain why, when, and how conservative Christians run for school board. The major political participation models used by political scientists tend to overlook the contributions that religion makes toward explaining the political behavior of certain individuals. By considering how certain religious variables often neglected by political scientists relate to each of the models, this study sheds new light on how religion inspires citizens to participate in politics and when and how they do it. The study finds that in at least two of the political participation models, religion enhances their explanatory power when it comes to the case of Christian Right school board candidates. The study finds that Christian Right candidates are significantly more likely than non-Christian Right candidates to link their religious convictions to their decision to become school board candidates. In this sense, conservative Christians are more likely to derive religious "purposive benefits" from their participation, as the rational choice model would argue. Religion also relates to the contextual model of political participation if one is willing to consider the church as a social "context." This study finds that the church plays a more important role in the lives of Christian Right candidates than non-Christian Right candidates. From a contextual model perspective, the church life of Christian Right candidates facilitates an environment that both raises awareness about local issues and offers support for those members who wish to address these issues in the political arena. Religion adds little to the two remaining models of political participation. Particularly disappointing is the performance of the mobilization model. This study finds that Christian Right organizations play little role in motivating or assisting conservative Christians in their bids for school board office.
Micraspis allardi
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Raza, Ghulam
name: Ali, Shaukat
name: Anjum, Syed Istiaq
name: Hussain, Ishtiaq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Micraspis
Micraspis allardi

description: Micraspis allardi (Mulsant, 1866)  (Fig. 7A–C)
 Material Examined. [SINDH], 16, 2♀, Hyderabad, 14. VI.1972, leg. Ahmed; 26, 2♀, Thatta, 14. VI.1972, leg. M.I. Khan; 16, 3♀, Karachi, 10. VI.1973, leg. M.I. Khan (NHMUK).
 Diagnosis. Head brownish black, clypeus and frons with many minute punctures; mandibles punctate; pronotum brownish yellow with two spots on posterolateral margin, elytra yellow with four large, black spots (Fig. 7A); body ventrally black. Length 4.5–5.0 mm; width 3.3–3.6 mm; body rounded, strongly convex. Head without spots or patches; eyes small with fine facets; ligula with anterior margin rounded, proximally; submentum anteriorly notched. Prosternal process with carinae reaching only middle of prosternum; scuto-scutellar suture thick, straight; elytra rounded; epipleuron with inner margin w-shaped, longitudinally bifurcated, broader medially. Postcoxal line reaching anterior margin of second sternite; last sternite covered with small setae.
 Genitalia. Penis thick, hollow and flattened, spoon-shaped terminally, opposite arm elongated, broader distally, adjacent arm short, expanded, triangular; median lobe straight, strongly narrowed, slightly shorter than parameres; parameres strongly convergent; trabes straight, elongated, narrower proximally, expanded apically with convex dorsal surface cap-like (Fig. 7B–C).
 Distribution in Sindh Province. Hyderabad, Thatta, and Karachi.
description: Published as part of Ali, Muhammad, Raza, Ghulam, Ali, Shaukat, Anjum, Syed Istiaq & Hussain, Ishtiaq, 2018, The Tribe Coccinellini Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Sindh, Pakistan, pp. 629-638 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (3) on pages 634-635, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.3.629, http://zenodo.org/record/4836836
Transition amplitude methods for quantum processes in low-frequency fields
Creators: name: Shabaev, Andrew Raphael
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There has been a growing interest in the effects of intense electromagnetic fields on the process of detachment from bound states. The nature of a bound state depends on the specifics of an experiment. There is a large variety of objects in these experiments. Among these are atoms, molecules, elementary particles, and solid state structures subjected to an intense electromagnetic wave. In spite of the variety of these experiments, they are all based on the same phenomenon of detachment from a bound state in an external field less than the internal force produced by the binding potential. This is entirely a quantum phenomenon because it is absolutely impossible to remove a classical particle from a potential well by a field that cannot lift the particle above the barrier confining the particle in the well. The experiments stimulated growth of theoretical research in quantum processes involving strong electromagnetic waves. The most consistent and universal method, called strong-field approximation, has been developed within the last few decades. This method was used for a variety of phenomena in a wide range of intensities and frequencies and it gave good agreement with experiments. For low frequencies, however, the probability of the detachment obtained from the strong-field approximation does not match some experiments accurately enough even though the shape of the spectral distribution for these probabilities matches the experiments quite well. This dissertation addresses this issue and suggests a method to correct the strong-field approximation for the low frequency domain. This method gives the correct probability for the entire spectrum and explains the meaning of this spectrum as well as its relation to the time dependence of the electromagnetic field.
Transition amplitude methods for quantum processes in low-frequency fields
Creators: name: Shabaev, Andrew Raphael
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5102
subject: Atomic, molecular and optical physics
classificationCode: 5106
subject: Nuclear and plasma physics

description: There has been a growing interest in the effects of intense electromagnetic fields on the process of detachment from bound states. The nature of a bound state depends on the specifics of an experiment. There is a large variety of objects in these experiments. Among these are atoms, molecules, elementary particles, and solid state structures subjected to an intense electromagnetic wave. In spite of the variety of these experiments, they are all based on the same phenomenon of detachment from a bound state in an external field less than the internal force produced by the binding potential. This is entirely a quantum phenomenon because it is absolutely impossible to remove a classical particle from a potential well by a field that cannot lift the particle above the barrier confining the particle in the well. The experiments stimulated growth of theoretical research in quantum processes involving strong electromagnetic waves. The most consistent and universal method, called strong-field approximation, has been developed within the last few decades. This method was used for a variety of phenomena in a wide range of intensities and frequencies and it gave good agreement with experiments. For low frequencies, however, the probability of the detachment obtained from the strong-field approximation does not match some experiments accurately enough even though the shape of the spectral distribution for these probabilities matches the experiments quite well. This dissertation addresses this issue and suggests a method to correct the strong-field approximation for the low frequency domain. This method gives the correct probability for the entire spectrum and explains the meaning of this spectrum as well as its relation to the time dependence of the electromagnetic field.
The Impact of Planetary Rotation Rate on the Reflectance and Thermal Emission Spectrum of Terrestrial Exoplanets Around Sun-like Stars
Creators: name: Guzewich, Scott D.
name: Lustig-Yaeger, Jacob
name: Davis, Christopher Evan
name: Kopparapu, Ravi Kumar
name: Way, Michael J.
name: Meadows, Victoria S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Robust atmospheric and radiative transfer modeling will be required to properly interpret reflected light and thermal emission spectra of terrestrial exoplanets. This will help break observational degeneracies between the numerous atmospheric, planetary, and stellar factors that drive planetary climate. Here we simulate the climates of Earth-like worlds around the Sun with increasingly slow rotation periods, from Earth-like to fully Sun-synchronous, using the ROCKE-3D general circulation model. We then provide these results as input to the Spectral Planet Model (SPM), which employs the SMART radiative transfer model to simulate the spectra of a planet as it would be observed from a future space-based telescope. We find that the primary observable effects of slowing planetary rotation rate are the altered cloud distributions, altitudes, and opacities which subsequently drive many changes to the spectra by altering the absorption band depths of biologically-relevant gas species (e.g., H2O, O2, and O3). We also identify a potentially diagnostic feature of synchronously rotating worlds in mid-infrared H2O absorption/emission lines.
description: Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal
Treasonable doubt: The Harry Dexter White case, 1948-1953
Creators: name: Craig, Bruce
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: This dissertation traces the life and times of Harry Dexter White, a high-ranking Treasury official during the administration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the co-founder of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and an accused Soviet spy. The study seeks to explore the issues surrounding White's alleged subversion of American foreign policy when he was a key assistant to Treasury Secretary Morgenthau. It seeks to determine whether White was, in the words of Dwight Eisenhower's Attorney General Herbert Brownell, "Russian spy."; Drawing upon both American and recently opened archival sources in the former Soviet Union and based upon the primary source documentation available as a result of the declassification of the National Security Agency's VENONA decrypts, the study traces White's early years, his relationship with ex-Communist couriers Whittaker Chambers and Elizabeth Bentley and other alleged "members" of the so-called Silvermaster espionage group. The study assesses a number of allegations against White: that he sought to subvert American foreign policy by placing Communists in key positions in the Treasury and other Executive departments; that he was responsible for the "quarter billion dollar German occupation currency scandal"; that he played a central role in the founding of the Bretton Woods United Nations twin financial institutions (the IMF and World Bank) with the intent of having these internationalist institutions help serve the interests of the Soviet Union; that he authored the draconian Morgenthau Plan for postwar Germany on direct orders from the Kremlin in order to push Germany into the Soviet orbit; and that as a consummate Communist he played a key role in precipitating the "fall" of China. The dissertation concludes that these charges of policy subversion against White are without merit. Nevertheless, through an examination of the direct and corroborating documentary evidence, including the so-called "White Memorandum" and damning details revealed in the VENONA decrypts, the study advances the thesis that there remains little doubt that White was involved in what Canada's Under-Secretary for External Affairs, Norman Robertson, characterized as "a species of espionage." Despite the denial by a high-ranking former Soviet KGB official that White "was never in an agent relationship with us," the study finds that White did hold some special status within the hierarchy of Soviet intelligence. In the concluding chapter, the dissertation argues that White probably felt no remorse as a result of his espionage activities since he believed his motives were pure---that through his actions he did not seek to harm U.S. interests but sought only to advance Soviet/American cooperation in the World War II and postwar eras and thereby bolster the cause of world peace.
Type-Centric Kotlin Compiler Fuzzing Preserving Test Program Correctness by Preserving Types
Creators: name: Daniil, Stepanov
name: Akhin, Marat
name: Belyaev, Mikhail
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Kotlin is a relatively new programming language from JetBrains: its development started in 2010 with release 1.0 done in early 2016. The Kotlin compiler, while slowly and steadily becoming more and more mature, still crashes from time to time on the more tricky input programs, not least because of the complexity of its features and their interactions. This makes it a great target for fuzzing, even the basic forms of which can find a significant number of Kotlin compiler crashes.

 There is a problem with fuzzing, however, closely related to the cause of the crashes: generating a random, non-trivial and semantically valid Kotlin program is hard. In this paper, we talk about type-centric compiler fuzzing in the form of type-centric enumeration, an approach inspired by skeletal program enumeration and based on a combination of generative and mutation-based fuzzing, which solves this problem by focusing on program types. After creating the skeleton program, we fill the typed holes with fragments of suitable type, created via generation and enhanced by semantic-aware mutation.

 We implemented this approach in our Kotlin compiler fuzzing framework called Backend Bug Finder and did an extensive evaluation, not only testing the real-world feasibility of our approach, but also comparing it to other compiler fuzzing techniques. The results show our approach to be significantly better compared to other fuzzing approaches at generating semantically valid Kotlin programs, while creating more interesting crash-inducing inputs at the same time. We managed to find more than 50 previously unknown compiler crashes, of which 18 were considered important after their triage by the compiler team.
Treasonable doubt: The Harry Dexter White case, 1948-1953
Creators: name: Craig, Bruce
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation traces the life and times of Harry Dexter White, a high-ranking Treasury official during the administration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the co-founder of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and an accused Soviet spy. The study seeks to explore the issues surrounding White's alleged subversion of American foreign policy when he was a key assistant to Treasury Secretary Morgenthau. It seeks to determine whether White was, in the words of Dwight Eisenhower's Attorney General Herbert Brownell, "Russian spy."; Drawing upon both American and recently opened archival sources in the former Soviet Union and based upon the primary source documentation available as a result of the declassification of the National Security Agency's VENONA decrypts, the study traces White's early years, his relationship with ex-Communist couriers Whittaker Chambers and Elizabeth Bentley and other alleged "members" of the so-called Silvermaster espionage group. The study assesses a number of allegations against White: that he sought to subvert American foreign policy by placing Communists in key positions in the Treasury and other Executive departments; that he was responsible for the "quarter billion dollar German occupation currency scandal"; that he played a central role in the founding of the Bretton Woods United Nations twin financial institutions (the IMF and World Bank) with the intent of having these internationalist institutions help serve the interests of the Soviet Union; that he authored the draconian Morgenthau Plan for postwar Germany on direct orders from the Kremlin in order to push Germany into the Soviet orbit; and that as a consummate Communist he played a key role in precipitating the "fall" of China. The dissertation concludes that these charges of policy subversion against White are without merit. Nevertheless, through an examination of the direct and corroborating documentary evidence, including the so-called "White Memorandum" and damning details revealed in the VENONA decrypts, the study advances the thesis that there remains little doubt that White was involved in what Canada's Under-Secretary for External Affairs, Norman Robertson, characterized as "a species of espionage." Despite the denial by a high-ranking former Soviet KGB official that White "was never in an agent relationship with us," the study finds that White did hold some special status within the hierarchy of Soviet intelligence. In the concluding chapter, the dissertation argues that White probably felt no remorse as a result of his espionage activities since he believed his motives were pure---that through his actions he did not seek to harm U.S. interests but sought only to advance Soviet/American cooperation in the World War II and postwar eras and thereby bolster the cause of world peace.
CaII K interstellar observations towards early disc and halostars - Paper II; distances to IVCs and HVCs
Creators: name: Smoker, J. V.
name: Lynn, B. B.
name: Rolleston, W. R. J.
name: Kay, H. R. M.
name: Bajaja, E.
name: Poppel, W. G. L.
name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Kalberla, P. M. W.
name: Mooney, C. J.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Ryans, R. S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare existing high spectral resolution (R=40,000) CaII K observations towards 88 mainly B-type stars, and new observations at R=10,000 towards 3 stars, with 21-cm HI emission-line profiles, in order to search for optical absorption towards known intermediate and high velocity cloud complexes. Given certain assumptions, limits to the gas phase abundance of CaII are estimated for the cloud components. We use the data to derive the following distances from the Galactic plane (z); 1) Tentative lower z-height limits of 2800 pc and 4100 pc towards Complex C using lack of absorption in the spectra of HD 341617 and PG 0855+294. 2) A weak lower z-height of 1400 pc towards Complex WA-WB using lack of absorption in EC 09470-1433 and weak lower limit of 2470 pc with EC 09452-1403. 3) An upper z-height of 2470 pc towards a southern intermediate velocity cloud (IVC) with v_LSR=-55 km/s using PG 2351+198. 4) Detection of a possible IVC in CaK absorption at v_LSR=+52 km/s using EC 20104-2944. No associated HI in emission is detected. At this position, normal Galactic rotation predicts velocities of up to +25 km/s. The detection puts an upper z-height of 1860 pc to the cloud. 5) Tentative HI and CaK detections towards an IVC at +70 km/s in the direction of HVC Complex WE, sightline EC 06387-8045, indicating that the IVC may be at a z-height lower than 1770 pc. 6) Detection of CaK absorption in the spectrum of PG 0855+294 in the direction of IV20, indicating that this IVC has a z-height smaller than 4100 pc. 7) A weak lower z-height of 4300 pc towards a small HVC with v_LSR=+115 km/s at l,b=200,+52, using lack of absorption in the CaK spectrum of PG 0955+291.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS, May 13 2004
Higgs boson decay $h\rightarrow Zγ$ and muon magnetic dipole moment in the $μν$SSM
Creators: name: Liu, Chang-Xin
name: Zhang, Hai-Bin
name: Yang, Jin-Lei
name: Zhao, Shu-Min
name: Liu, Yu-Bin
name: Feng, Tai-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To solve the $μ$ problem and generate three tiny neutrino masses in the MSSM, the $μ$ from $ν$ Supersymmetric Standard Model ($μν$SSM) introduces three singlet right-handed neutrino superfields, which lead to the mixing of the Higgs doublets with the sneutrinos. The mixing affects the lightest Higgs boson mass and the Higgs couplings. The present observed 95\% CL upper limit on signal strength of the 125 GeV Higgs boson decay $h\rightarrow Zγ$ is 6.6, which still is plenty of space to prove the existence of new physics. In this work, we investigate the signal strength of the 125 GeV Higgs boson decay channel $h\rightarrow Zγ$ in the $μν$SSM. Besides, we consider the two-loop electroweak corrections of muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment (MDM) in the model, which also make important contributions compared with one-loop electroweak corrections.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, published in JHEP
Fiscal expenditure and the exchange rate: A sticky -price, rational -expectations approach
Creators: name: Mel, Suresh De
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation presents, solves, and estimates two sticky-price monetary models under rational expectations, to investigate the relationship between fiscal expenditure and the exchange rate. The first project extends the Driskill and Sheffrin (1981) (DS) model by adopting a detailed aggregate demand specification which includes a specific government purchases variable. We estimate the extended DS model for the DM/US$ exchange rate. As background to our extension, we also present an attempted replication, correction, and update of the DS results. Our replication and update are an improvement on the DS results. Most of our estimates are significant, correctly signed, and plausible; however, the restrictions imposed by the structural model and rational expectations are rejected. Our extended DS model estimation finds evidence for a negative, but insignificant, relationship between fiscal expenditure and the exchange rate. The second project adapts the Wickens (1985) model to a secular inflationary environment. We also modify the Wickens aggregate demand specification to capture dependence on real interest rate, and to specifically include a government purchases variable. In this model a permanent shock to the money supply could lead to either overshooting or undershooting of the exchange rate. However, our attempts at estimating the extended Wickens model for the Can$/US$ exchange rate, proved to be unsuccessful. An unconstrained version of the model finds some evidence for a link between fiscal expenditure and the exchange rate.
Energy of a free Brownian particle coupled to thermal vacuum
Creators: name: Spiechowicz, J.
name: Łuczka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentalists have come to temperatures very close to absolute zero at which physics that was once ordinary becomes extraordinary. In such a regime quantum effects and fluctuations start to play a dominant role. In this context we study the simplest open quantum system, namely, a free quantum Brownian particle coupled to thermal vacuum, i.e. thermostat in the limiting case of absolute zero temperature. We analyze the average energy $E=E(c)$ of the particle from a weak to strong interaction strength $c$ between the particle and thermal vacuum. The impact of various dissipation mechanisms is considered. In the weak coupling regime the energy tends to zero as $E(c) \sim c\, \ln{(1/c)}$ while in the strong coupling regime it diverges to infinity as $E(c) \sim \sqrt{c}$. We demonstrate it for selected examples of the dissipation mechanisms defined by the memory kernel $γ(t)$ of the Generalized Langevin Equation. We reveal how at a fixed value of $c$ the energy $E(c)$ depends on the dissipation model: one has to compare values of the derivative $γ'(t)$ of the dissipation function $γ(t)$ at time $t=0$ or at the memory time $t=τ_c$ which characterizes the degree of non-Markovianity of the Brownian particle dynamics. The impact of low temperature is also presented.
description: In press in Scientific Reports (2021)
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Raza, Ghulam
name: Ali, Shaukat
name: Anjum, Syed Istiaq
name: Hussain, Ishtiaq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Propylea
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata

description: Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758)
(Fig. 8A–C)
 Material Examined. [SINDH], 16, 2♀, Karachi, 14.6.1972, leg. Ahmed (NHMUK).
 Diagnosis. Head in male yellow except vertex black, female head with black spot on clypeus; pronotum with large, irregular, black area medially; elytra yellow with 14 black spots (Fig. 8A); femur brownish black; abdominal segments brownish black. Length 4.5–5.2 mm; width 3.3–3.8 mm; body shape rounded-oval. Labrum with convex anterior margin; eye large, finely faceted; submentum bifurcated. Prosternal process with carinae broader anteriorly, not reaching anterior margin; scutoscutellar suture straight; epipleuron with inner margin bifurcated medially, narrow anteriorly as well as posteriorly. Postcoxal line parallel to anterior margin of second sternite; last sternite covered with small setae.
 Genitalia. Penis distinctly elongated, narrow, terminally with a large membranous moon-shaped hook, penal capsule strongly hammer-shaped; parameres bent medially, slightly longer than median lobe; trabes compressed, narrow proximally and expanded apically (Fig. 8B–C).
 Distribution in Sindh Province. Karachi.
description: Published as part of Ali, Muhammad, Raza, Ghulam, Ali, Shaukat, Anjum, Syed Istiaq & Hussain, Ishtiaq, 2018, The Tribe Coccinellini Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Sindh, Pakistan, pp. 629-638 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (3) on page 635, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.3.629, http://zenodo.org/record/4836836
Entanglement flow in multipartite systems
Creators: name: Cubitt, T. S.
name: Verstraete, F.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate entanglement dynamics in multipartite systems, establishing a quantitative concept of entanglement flow: both flow through individual particles, and flow along general networks of interacting particles. In the former case, the rate at which a particle can transmit entanglement is shown to depend on that particle's entanglement with the rest of the system. In the latter, we derive a set of entanglement rate equations, relating the rate of entanglement generation between two subsets of particles to the entanglement already present further back along the network. We use the rate equations to derive a lower bound on entanglement generation in qubit chains, and compare this to existing entanglement creation protocols.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, REVTeX format. Proof of lemma 3 corrected. Restructured and expanded
Heat Transfer in Turbulent Rayleigh-Benard Convection below the Ultimate Regime
Creators: name: Roche, P. -E.
name: Castaing, B.
name: Chabaud, B.
name: Hebral, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Rayleigh-Bénard cell has been designed to explore the Prandtl (Pr) dependence of turbulent convection in the cross-over range $0.7
description: submitted for publication to JLTP (august 2003)