cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The EDGE2 protocol: Advancing the prioritisation of Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered species for practical conservation action
Creators: name: Owen N.R.
name: Pearse W.D.
name: Rosindell J.
name: Forest F.
name: Faith D.P.
name: Hoffmann M.
name: Steel M.
name: Scott O.
name: Mooers A.O.
name: Couchman O.R.
name: Safi K.
name: Mace G.M.
name: Burfield I.J.
name: Tucker C.M.
name: Jetz W.
name: Gray C.L.
name: Isaac N.J.B.
name: Gumbs R.
name: Böhm M.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: The conservation of evolutionary history has been linked to increased benefits for humanity and can be captured by phylogenetic diversity (PD). The Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) metric has, since 2007, been used to prioritise threatened species for practical conservation that embody large amounts of evolutionary history. While there have been important research advances since 2007, they have not been adopted in practice because of a lack of consensus in the conservation community. Here, building from an interdisciplinary workshop to update the existing EDGE approach, we present an “EDGE2” protocol that draws on a decade of research and innovation to develop an improved, consistent methodology for prioritising species conservation efforts. Key advances include methods for dealing with uncertainty and accounting for the extinction risk of closely related species. We describe EDGE2 in terms of distinct components to facilitate future revisions to its constituent parts without needing to reconsider the whole. We illustrate EDGE2 by applying it to the world’s mammals. As we approach a crossroads for global biodiversity policy, this Consensus View shows how collaboration between academic and applied conservation biologists can guide effective and practical priority-setting to conserve biodiversity.
First detection of 22 GHz H2O masers in TX Camelopardalis
Creators: name: Cho, Se-Hyung
name: Kim, Jaeheon
name: Yun, Youngjoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simultaneous time monitoring observations of H$_{2}$O $6_{16}-5_{23}$, SiO $J$ = 1--0, 2--1, 3--2, and $^{29}$SiO $v$ = 0, $J$ = 1--0 lines were carried out in the direction of the Mira variable star TX Cam with the Korean VLBI Network single dish radio telescopes. For the first time, the H$_{2}$O maser emission from TX Cam was detected near the stellar velocity at five epochs from April 10, 2013 ($ϕ$ = 3.13) to June 4, 2014 ($ϕ$ = 3.89) including minimum optical phases. The intensities of H$_{2}$O masers are very weak compared to SiO masers. The variation of peak antenna temperature ratios among SiO $v$ = 1, $J$ = 1--0, $J$ = 2--1, and $J$ = 3--2 masers is investigated according to their phases. The shift of peak velocities of H$_{2}$O and SiO masers with respect to the stellar velocity is also investigated according to observed optical phases. The H$_{2}$O maser emission occurs around the stellar velocity during our monitoring interval. On the other hand, the peak velocities of SiO masers show a spread compared to the stellar velocity. The peak velocities of SiO $J$ = 2--1, and $J$ = 3--2 masers show a smaller spread with respect to the stellar velocity than those of SiO $J$ = 1--0 masers. These simultaneous observations of multi-frequencies will provide a good constraint for maser pumping models and a good probe for investigating the stellar atmosphere and envelope according to their different excitation conditions.
description: 10 pages
Development of Tangki NAHRIM 2.0 for Optimal Rainwater Harvesting Tank Sizing
Creators: name: Goh, Yee Cai
name: Ideris, Marini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: rainwater harvesting
green technology
sustainability
water conservation
water saving efficiency
water balance model

description: Slides presented during National Water Innovation, Conference and Exhibition (NWICE) 2022, jointly organised by NAHRIM, JPP dan KASA on 19th July 2022 at Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (KLCC).
Additional file 8 of No evidence for associations between brood size, gut microbiome diversity and survival in great tit (Parus major) nestlings
Creators: name: Liukkonen, Martta
name: Hukkanen, Mikaela
name: Cossin-Sevrin, Nina
name: Stier, Antoine
name: Vesterinen, Eero
name: Grond, Kirsten
name: Ruuskanen, Suvi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 8: A linear mixed effects model investigating the association between alpha diversity (Shannon Diversity Index and Chao1 Richness) and manipulated brood size.
Tight Bounds for Symmetric Divergence Measures and a New Inequality Relating $f$-Divergences
Creators: name: Sason, Igal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tight bounds for several symmetric divergence measures are introduced, given in terms of the total variation distance. Each of these bounds is attained by a pair of 2 or 3-element probability distributions. An application of these bounds for lossless source coding is provided, refining and improving a certain bound by Csiszár. A new inequality relating $f$-divergences is derived, and its use is exemplified. The last section of this conference paper is not included in the recent journal paper that was published in the February 2015 issue of the IEEE Trans. on Information Theory (see arXiv:1403.7164), as well as some new paragraphs throughout the paper which are linked to new references.
description: A final version of the conference paper at the 2015 IEEE Information Theory Workshop, Jerusalem, Israel
title: CMR-based T1-mapping offers superior diagnostic value compared to longitudinal strain-based assessment of relative apical sparing in cardiac amyloidosis
Creators: name: Korthals, Dennis
name: Chatzantonis, Grigorios
name: Bietenbeck, Michael
name: Meier, Claudia
name: Stalling, Philipp
name: Yilmaz, Ali
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an infiltrative disease. In the present study, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-based T1-mapping and subsequent extracellular volume fraction (ECV) measurement and longitudinal strain analysis in the same patients with (a) biopsy-proven cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and (b) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). N = 30 patients with CA, N = 20 patients with HCM and N = 15 healthy control patients without relevant cardiac disease underwent dedicated CMR studies. The CMR protocol included standard sequences for cine-imaging, native and post-contrast T1-mapping and late-gadolinium-enhancement. ECV measurements were based on pre- and post-contrast T1-mapping images. Feature-tracking analysis was used to calculate 3D left ventricular longitudinal strain (LV-LS) in basal, mid and apical short-axis cine-images and to assess the presence of relative apical sparing. Receiver-operating-characteristic analysis revealed an area-under-the-curve regarding the differentiation of CA from HCM of 0.984 for native T1-mapping (p < 0.001), of 0.985 for ECV (p < 0.001) and only 0.740 for the “apical-to-(basal + midventricular)”-ratio of LV-LS (p = 0.012). A multivariable logistical regression analysis showed that ECV was the only statistically significant predictor of CA when compared to the parameter LV-LS or to the parameter “apical-to-(basal + midventricular)” LV-RLS-ratio. Native T1-mapping and ECV measurement are both superior to longitudinal strain measurement (with assessment of relative apical sparing) regarding the appropriate diagnosis of CA.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
A very general sextic double solid is not stably rational
Creators: name: Beauville, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that a double covering of P^3 branched along a very general sextic surface is not stably rational.
description: A reference to the paper of Iliev-Katzarkov-Przyjalkowski added, and a small inaccuracy corrected
Generalized Principal Component Analysis: Projection of Saturated Model Parameters
Creators: name: Landgraf, Andrew J.
name: Yoonkyung Lee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Principal component analysis (PCA) is very useful for a wide variety of data analysis tasks, but its implicit connection to the Gaussian distribution can be undesirable for discrete data such as binary and multi-category responses or counts. We generalize PCA to handle various types of data using the generalized linear model framework. In contrast to the existing approach of matrix factorizations for exponential family data, our generalized PCA provides low-rank estimates of the natural parameters by projecting the saturated model parameters. This difference in formulation leads to the favorable properties that the number of parameters does not grow with the sample size and simple matrix multiplication suffices for computation of the principal component scores on new data. A practical algorithm which can incorporate missing data and case weights is developed for finding the projection matrix. Examples on simulated and real count data show the improvement of generalized PCA over standard PCA for matrix completion, visualization, and collaborative filtering. Supplementary material for this article is available online.
Broadly neutralizing anti-S2 antibodies protect against all three human betacoronaviruses that cause deadly disease
Creators: name: He W.-T.
name: Song G.
name: Andrabi R.
name: Rawlings S.A.
name: Schäfer A.
name: Jardine J.G.
name: Limbo O.
name: Beutler N.
name: Callaghan S.
name: Rogers T.F.
name: Zhou P.
name: Martinez D.R.
name: Gralinski L.E.
name: Peng L.
name: Zhu X.
name: Liu H.
name: Smith D.M.
name: Burton D.R.
name: Yong P.
name: Tse L.V.
name: Safonova Y.
name: Dueker K.
name: Capozzola T.
name: Nemazee D.
name: Yuan M.
name: Briney B.
name: Anzanello F.
name: Garcia E.
name: Baric R.S.
name: Wilson I.A.
name: Parren M.
name: Musharrafieh R.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2023

description: Pan-betacoronavirus neutralizing antibodies may hold the key to developing broadly protective vaccines against novel pandemic coronaviruses and to more effectively respond to SARS-CoV-2 variants. The emergence of Omicron and subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 illustrates the limitations of solely targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein. Here, we isolated a large panel of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) from SARS-CoV-2 recovered-vaccinated donors, which targets a conserved S2 region in the betacoronavirus spike fusion machinery. Select bnAbs showed broad in vivo protection against all three deadly betacoronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, which have spilled over into humans in the past two decades. Structural studies of these bnAbs delineated the molecular basis for their broad reactivity and revealed common antibody features targetable by broad vaccination strategies. These bnAbs provide new insights and opportunities for antibody-based interventions and for developing pan-betacoronavirus vaccines.
A Note on Cross-Validation for Lasso Under Measurement Errors
Creators: name: Abhirup Datta
name: Zou, Hui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Variants of the Lasso orℓ1-penalized regression have been proposed to accommodate for presence of measurement errors in the covariates. Theoretical guarantees of these estimates have been established for some oracle values of the regularization parameters which are not known in practice. Data-driven tuning such as cross-validation has not been studied when covariates contain measurement errors. We demonstrate that in the presence of error-in-covariates, even when using a Lasso-variant that adjusts for measurement error, application of naive leave-one-out cross-validation to select the tuning parameter can be problematic. We provide an example where such a practice leads to estimation inconsistency. We also prove that a simple correction to cross-validation procedure restores consistency. We also study the risk consistency of the two cross-validation procedures and offer guideline on the choice of cross-validation based on the measurement error distributions of the training and the prediction data. The theoretical findings are validated using simulated data. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Is there a connection between Broad Absorption Line Quasars and Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies?
Creators: name: Grupe, Dirk
name: Nousek, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider whether Broad Absorption Line Quasars (BAL QSOs) and Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) are similar, as suggested by Brandt & Gallagher (2000) and Boroson (2002). For this purpose we constructed a sample of 11 BAL QSOs from existing Chandra and Swift observations. We found that BAL QSOs and NLS1s both operate at high Eddington ratios L/Ledd, although BAL QSOs have slightly lower L/Ledd. BAL QSOs and NLS1s in general have high FeII/H$β$ and low [OIII]/H$β$ ratios following the classic 'Boroson \& Green' eigenvector 1 relation. We also found that the mass accretion rates $\dot{M}$ of BAL QSOs and NLS1s are more similar than previously thought, although some BAL QSOs exhibit extreme mass accretion rates of more than 10 \msun/year. These extreme mass accretion rates may suggest that the black holes in BAL QSOs are relativistically spinning. Black hole masses in BAL QSOs are a factor of 100 larger than NLS1s. From their location on a M-$σ$ plot, we find that BAL QSOs contain fully developed black holes. Applying a principal component analysis to our sample we find eigenvector 1 to correspond to the Eddington ratio L/Ledd, and eigenvector 2 to black hole mass.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal; 27 pages, 6 figures
A method for comparing multiple imputation techniques: A case study on the U.S. national COVID cohort collaborative
Creators: name: Coleman B.
name: Callahan T.J.
name: Wong R.
name: Notaro M.
name: Robinson P.N.
name: Buse J.B.
name: Hall M.
name: Evans M.D.
name: Johnson S.G.
name: Huling J.D.
name: Tronieri J.S.
name: Shao Y.R.
name: Valentini G.
name: Stürmer T.
name: Bramante C.T.
name: Laraway B.
name: Blau H.
name: Moffitt R.A.
name: Paccanaro A.
name: Chan L.E.
name: Wilkins K.J.
name: Casiraghi E.
name: Reese J.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2023

description: Healthcare datasets obtained from Electronic Health Records have proven to be extremely useful for assessing associations between patients’ predictors and outcomes of interest. However, these datasets often suffer from missing values in a high proportion of cases, whose removal may introduce severe bias. Several multiple imputation algorithms have been proposed to attempt to recover the missing information under an assumed missingness mechanism. Each algorithm presents strengths and weaknesses, and there is currently no consensus on which multiple imputation algorithm works best in a given scenario. Furthermore, the selection of each algorithm's parameters and data-related modeling choices are also both crucial and challenging. In this paper we propose a novel framework to numerically evaluate strategies for handling missing data in the context of statistical analysis, with a particular focus on multiple imputation techniques. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach on a large cohort of type-2 diabetes patients provided by the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Enclave, where we explored the influence of various patient characteristics on outcomes related to COVID-19. Our analysis included classic multiple imputation techniques as well as simple complete-case Inverse Probability Weighted models. Extensive experiments show that our approach can effectively highlight the most promising and performant missing-data handling strategy for our case study. Moreover, our methodology allowed a better understanding of the behavior of the different models and of how it changed as we modified their parameters. Our method is general and can be applied to different research fields and on datasets containing heterogeneous types.
Low-temperature spin-glass behaviour in a diluted dipolar Ising system
Creators: name: Alonso, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations, we study the character of the spin-glass (SG) state of a site-diluted dipolar Ising model. We consider systems of dipoles randomly placed on a fraction x of all L^3 sites of a simple cubic lattice that point up or down along a given crystalline axis. For x < 0.65 these systems are known to exhibit an equilibrium spin-glass phase below a temperature T_sg proportional to x. At high dilution and very low temperatures, well deep in the SG phase, we find spiky distributions of the overlap parameter q that are strongly sample-dependent. We focus on spikes associated with large excitations. From cumulative distributions of q and a pair correlation function averaged over several thousands of samples we find that, for the system sizes studied, the average width of spikes, and the fraction of samples with spikes higher than a certain threshold does not vary appreciably with L. This is compared with the behaviour found for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model.
description: 9 LaTeX pages, 9 pdf figures, 2 tables
A note on cross-validation for Lasso under measurement errors
Creators: name: Abhirup Datta
name: Zou, Hui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Variants of the Lasso or ℓ1-penalized regression have been proposed to accommodate for presence of measurement errors in the covariates. Theoretical guarantees of these estimates have been established for some oracle values of the regularization parameters which are not known in practice. Data-driven tuning such as cross-validation has not been studied when covariates contain measurement errors. We demonstrate that in the presence of error-in-covariates, even when using a Lasso-variant that adjusts for measurement error, application of naive leave-one-out cross-validation to select the tuning parameter can be problematic. We provide an example where such a practice leads to estimation inconsistency. We also prove that a simple correction to cross-validation procedure restores consistency. We also study the risk consistency of the two cross-validation procedures and offer guideline on the choice of cross-validation based on the measurement error distributions of the training and the prediction data. The theoretical findings are validated using simulated data.
N=2 gauge theories and quantum phases
Creators: name: Russo, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The partition function of general N = 2 supersymmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills theories on a four-sphere localizes to a matrix integral. We show that in the decompactification limit, and in a certain regime, the integral is dominated by a saddle point. When this takes effect, the free energy is exactly given in terms of the prepotential, $F=-R^2 Re (4πi {\cal F}) $, evaluated at the singularity of the Seiberg-Witten curve where the dual magnetic variable $a_D$ vanishes. We also show that the superconformal fixed point of massive supersymmetric QCD with gauge group SU(2) is associated with the existence of a quantum phase transition. Finally, we discuss the case of N=2* SU(2) Yang-Mills theory and show that the theory does not exhibit phase transitions.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Categorizing 161 plant (streptophyte) mitochondrial group II introns into 29 families of related paralogues finds only limited links between intron mobility and intron-borne maturases
Creators: name: Zumkeller, Simon
name: Knoop, Volker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Reheating predictions in single field inflation
Creators: name: Cook, Jessica L.
name: Dimastrogiovanni, Emanuela
name: Easson, Damien A.
name: Krauss, Lawrence M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reheating is a transition era after the end of inflation, during which the inflaton is converted into the particles that populate the Universe at later times. No direct cosmological observables are normally traceable to this period of reheating. Indirect bounds can however be derived. One possibility is to consider cosmological evolution for observable CMB scales from the time of Hubble crossing to the present time. Depending upon the model, the duration and final temperature after reheating, as well as its equation of state, may be directly linked to inflationary observables. For single-field inflationary models, if we approximate reheating by a constant equation of state, one can derive relations between the reheating duration (or final temperature), its equation of state parameter, and the scalar power spectrum amplitude and spectral index. While this is a simple approximation, by restricting the equation of state to lie within a broad physically allowed range, one can in turn bracket an allowed range of $n_s$ and $r$ for these models. The added constraints can help break degeneracies between inflation models that otherwise overlap in their predictions for $n_s$ and $r$.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures. Revised in response to comments on the original version, and in preparation for submission for publication. More references and a new figure were added
Sweeteners Used by Food Processing Industries: Their Competitive Position in the United States
Creators: name: Ballinger, Roy A.
name: Larkin, L. C.
name: Ballinger, Roy A.
name: Larkin, L. C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Industrial food processors are the largest users of sweeteners in the United States. The principal sweeteners used are sugar, corn sirup, dextrose, and the noncaloric sweeteners, saccharin and sucaryl. In addition, food processors are important users of such other sweeteners as honey, maple sirup, and edible molasses. Sugar is still the primary sweetener used by food processors, but its position in the manufacture of a number of products, such as canned fruits, ice cream and other frozen desserts, and soft drinks, has been slowly weakening and that of other sweeteners, particularly corn sirup and noncaloric sweeteners, improving. The rising price of sugar, relative to other sweeteners, is an important factor inducing industrial food processors to substitute other sweeteners for sugar. Other factors working in the same direction include: (1) The introduction of new noncaloric sweeteners following World War II, and (2) improvements in the quality of corn sirup and an increase in the variety of types available to purchasers.
Food in Senegal
Creators: name: Barsanti, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Markets
Food
Cooking
Senegal

description: Students will explore the food of Senegal, including traditional dishes and food sources. They will compare them with those of North Carolina, and discuss regions and why some items are more common in specific areas (rural, urban, coastal). They will also compare markets and stores in North Carolina and Senegal.
Determining the 6Li Doped Side of a Glass Scintillator for Ultra Cold Neutrons
Creators: name: Jamieson, Blair
name: Rebenitsch, Lori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold neutron (UCN) detectors using two visually very similar, to the microscopic level, pieces of optically contacted Cerium doped lithium glasses have been proposed for high rate UCN experiments. The chief difference between the two glass scintillators is that one side is 6Li depleted and the other side Li doped. This note outlines a method to determine which side of the glass stack is doped with 6Li using AmBe and 252Cf neutron sources, and a Si surface barrier detector. The method sees an excess of events around the alpha and triton energies of neutron capture on 6Li when the enriched side is facing the Si surface barrier detector.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
Identifying and analyzing the most important factors in universities scientific output
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2016

description: For achieving to ideal research system is necessary to have policy and plan. The main aims of this research are knowledge extracted from the existing data gathered by the country research system. This Knowledge is prerequisite for science and technology policy. Population of the present descriptive research includes Universities of the Ministry of Science, Research & Technology. Data is extracted from database of monitoring of science and technology system. Classification algorithms Multilayer Preceptor neural network and neural network-based radius are used for data analysis. This research results showed that among the 15 indicators studied in this research, full-time faculty members, the number of theses, research funding and number of scholarships have more importance than other indicators. Among the four factors studied, the human resource factor is in the first place and has most importance in the scholarly productions. The education factor, financial factor and Structural factor is in the second to fourth rate.
Our 100,000 Biggest Farms: Their Relative Position in American Agriculture
Creators: name: Nikolitch, Radoje
name: Nikolitch, Radoje
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Production Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: An increasing proportion of total sales of farm products is coming from farms with $40,000 or more of marketings. For example, in 1959 the proportion was 33 percent, compared with 16 percent in 1939. This increase came mainly from the expanding number of farms in the group rather than from the increasing value of sales per farm. From 1939 to 1959, the increase in number of farms with sales of $40,000 to $99,999 was 242 percent while the increase in output per farm was only 8 percent. The number of farms with sales of $100,000 or more increased 300 percent, compared with a 10-percent increase in output per farm.
Ideal near-field thermophotovoltaic cells
Creators: name: Molesky, Sean
name: Jacob, Zubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We ask the question, what are the ideal characteristics of a near-field thermophotovoltaic cell? Our search leads us to a reformulation of near-field radiative heat transfer in terms of the joint density of electronic states of the emitter-absorber pair in the thermophotovoltaic system. This form reveals that semiconducting materials with narrowband absorption spectra are critical to the energy conversion efficiency. This essential feature is unavailable in conventional bulk semiconductor cells but can be obtained using low dimensional materials. Our results show that the presence of matched van Hove singularities resulting from quantum-confinement in the emitter and absorber of a thermophotovoltaic cell boosts both the magnitude and spectral selectivity of radiative heat transfer; dramatically improving energy conversion efficiency. We provide a model near-field thermophotovoltaic system design making use of this idea by employing the van Hove singularities present in carbon nanotubes. Shockley-Queisser analysis shows that the predicted heat transfer characteristics of this model device are fundamentally better than existing thermophotovoltaic designs. Our work paves the way for the use of quantum dots, quantum wells, two-dimensional semiconductors, semiconductor nanowires and carbon nanotubes as future materials for thermophotovoltaic cells.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
An Evaluation of iMetric Studies through the Scholarly Influence Model
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2016

description: Among the topics studied in the context of scientometrics, the issue of the scholarly influence is of special interest. This study tries to test the components in the scholarly influence model based on iMetrics studies, and also to find potential relations among these components. The study uses a bibliometric methodology. Since the researchers aim to determine the relationship between variables, this research is of correlation type. The initial data of this study, which comprises 5944 records in the field of iMetrics during 1978-2014, have been retrieved from Web of Science. To calculate the most of measures involved in each kind of influence, the researchers used UCINet and BibExcel software moreover, some indices have been calculated manually using Excel. After calculating all measures included in three types of influence, the researchers used the Smart PLS to test both the model and research hypotheses. The results of data analysis using the software Smart PLS confirmed the scholarly influence model and indicated significant correlation between the variables in the model. To be more precise, findings uncovered that social influence is associated with both ideational and venue influence. Moreover, the venue influence is associated with ideational influence. If researchers test the scholarly influence model in some other areas and led to positive outcomes, it is hoped that the policy-makers use a combination of variables involved in the model as a measure to evaluate the scholarly influence of researchers and to decision-makings related to purposes such as promotion, recruitment, and so on.
Supplemental Materials for Veturi et al, 2019
Creators: name: Yogasudha Veturi
name: Campos, Gustavo De Los
name: Nengjun Yi
name: Huang, Wen
name: Vazquez, Ana
name: Kuehnel, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60412 Quantitative Genetics (incl. Disease and Trait Mapping Genetics)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60411 Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics

description: This is a collection of supplementary figures (Figures S1-S13), and tables (Tables S1-S3) that are relevant to the manuscript as well as appendices (Appendix A-C) explaining theoretical aspects of the proposed methodology.
Recycling in Senegal
Creators: name: Barsanti, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Senegal
Recycling (Waste, etc.)

description: Students will explore the relationship between manmade and natural resources and how recycling and repurposing can contribute to economics and cultural identities in Senegal. They will create their own toys from recycled materials.
Nonlinear analysis to quantify human movement variability from time-series data
Creators: name: Xochicale, Miguel
name: Baber, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Nonlinear Analysis
Shannon Entropy
Movement Variability

description: The complexity of human movement arises from the management of redundant (bio)mechanical degrees of freedom (DOF) to successfully accomplish any given motor task (Bernstein, 1967). Such DOF can be described in terms of (in)dependent coordinates which uniquely describe a joint configuration of the motor system. The joint configuration provides flexibility and stability to allow consistent movement, and the management of DOF allow adaptation to changing environment conditions. Consequently, human movement variability is always present in even the simplest movements. That said, this talk will touch on three points: (a) theoretical models for human movement variability and methods to quantify human movement variability, (b) use of nonlinear methods to measure real-world time series data (i.e., data affected by non-stationarity, non-linearity, data length, sensor source, noise, etc.), and (c) illustration of results for real-world time-series data from human-robot imitation activities. I will then comment on current and future challenges on this subject and how the above points might lead to development tools to evaluate, for instance, the improvement of movement performances, to quantify and provide feedback of skill learning or to quantify movement adaptations and pathologies.
Review: Latest Technology Trends in Video and Wireless Capsule Endoscopy for GI Diseases
Creators: name: Pandey, Santosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gastroenterology and hepatology
Infectious diseases
Sports medicine
Rural clinical health
Pathology (excl. oral pathology)
Pain
Clinical microbiology
Clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this review, we focus on the hardware and software technologies used for the purpose of gastrointestinal tract monitoring in a safe and comfortable manner. We review the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices, and the features incorporated in capsule systems such as microrobotics, closed-loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, panoramic imaging and rapid reading software. Both experimental and commercialized capsule systems with their sensors, devices, and circuits are discussed. Furthermore, the advances in biocompatible materials and batteries, edible electronics and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems are presented. The clinical studies are reviewed to examine the safety and effectiveness of capsule procedures and the current challenges and outlook are summarized.
Lifshitz transition and van Hove singularity in a Topological Dirac Semimetal
Creators: name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Liu, Chang
name: Belopolski, I.
name: Kushwaha, S. K.
name: Sankar, R.
name: Krizan, J. W.
name: Chang, T. -R.
name: Polley, C. M.
name: Adell, J.
name: Balasubramanian, T.
name: Miyamoto, K.
name: Alidoust, N.
name: Bian, Guang
name: Neupane, M.
name: Jeng, H. -T.
name: Huang, C. -Y.
name: Tsai, W. -F.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Chou, F. C.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A topological Dirac semimetal is a novel state of quantum matter which has recently attracted much attention as an apparent 3D version of graphene. In this paper, we report critically important results on the electronic structure of the 3D Dirac semimetal Na3Bi at a surface that reveals its nontrivial groundstate. Our studies, for the first time, reveal that the two 3D Dirac cones go through a topological change in the constant energy contour as a function of the binding energy, featuring a Lifshitz point, which is missing in a strict 3D analog of graphene (in other words Na3Bi is not a true 3D analog of graphene). Our results identify the first example of a band saddle point singularity in 3D Dirac materials. This is in contrast to its 2D analogs such as graphene and the helical Dirac surface states of a topological insulator. The observation of multiple Dirac nodes in Na3Bi connecting via a Lifshitz point along its crystalline rotational axis away from the Kramers point serves as a decisive signature for the symmetry-protected nature of the Dirac semimetal's topological groundstate.
description: 5 pages, 4 Figures, Related papers on topological Fermi arcs and Weyl Semimetals (WSMs) are at http://physics.princeton.edu/zahidhasangroup/index.html
Additional file 1 of Hologenome analysis reveals independent evolution to chemosymbiosis by deep-sea bivalves
Creators: name: Guo, Yang
name: Meng, Lingfeng
name: Wang, Minxiao
name: Zhong, Zhaoshan
name: Li, Denghui
name: Zhang, Yaolei
name: Li, Hanbo
name: Zhang, Huan
name: Seim, Inge
name: Li, Yuli
name: Jiang, Aijun
name: Ji, Qianyue
name: Su, Xiaoshan
name: Chen, Jianwei
name: Fan, Guangyi
name: Li, Chaolun
name: Liu, Shanshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Note 1. Taxonomic identification of the bivalve samples. Supplementary Note 2. Metabolic potential of SCbi. Supplementary Note 3. The genome assembly of Conchocele bisecta. Supplementary Note 4. Transporters for B type vitamins in C. bisecta. Supplementary Note 5. Filter-feeding related gene families in C. bisecta. Figure S1. Shells and mitochondrial genome of C. bisecta. Figure S2. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of 16S rRNA of the dominate symbionts in the gill filaments. Figure S3. Biosynthesis pathways of amino acids in C. bisecta and its symbionts. Figure S4. Biosynthesis pathways of cofactors in C. bisecta and its symbionts. Figure S5. Alignment results by mapping the ONT reads of SCbi to a published SUP05 genome. Figure S6. Expression of genes involved in biosynthesis of threonine in both the symbiont and its C. bisecta host. Figure S7. Expression of genes involved in biosynthesis and transport of folate in both the symbiont and its C. bisecta host. Figure S8. The assembly of the genome of C. bisecta. Figure S9. Chromosome-scale macro-synteny comparison between Nematostella vectensis and six bivalves. Figure S10. Relationship between genome size and transposable elements (TE) in the lophotrochozoan genomes. Figure S11. Expanded or contracted Pfam domains in C. bisecta. Figure S12. Expression levels of genes related in transport of rare metabolites in C. bisecta. Figure S13. Carbonic anhydrases in bivalves. Figure S14. Hemoglobin and hemoglobin-like proteins in bivalves. Figure S15. Expression levels of expanded genes that implicated in phagocytosis in C. bisecta. Figure S16. Expression levels of expanded genes that implicated in recognition and homeostasis in C. bisecta. Table S2. Genomic statistics of the SCbi (Symbionts of C. biescta). Table S5. Distribution genes involved in amino acids biosynthesis in SUP05 bacteria. Table S6. Statistics of sequenced genomic data. Table S7. Characteristics of the C. bisecta genome assembly. Table S8. The mapping rate of short reads to C. bisecta genome. Table S9. Chromosome statistics of C. bisecta genome. Table S10. TE contents (%) of lophotrochozoan genomes.
Transatlantic Slave Trade through the Lens of Omar ibn Said and Gorée Island
Creators: name: Luetzow-Coward, Erica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: Senegal
Slavery
Said, Omar ibn, 1770?-1863
Senegal--Gorée

description: In this lesson, students will take a narrowly focused view on the slave trade by investigating the story of Omar ibn Said and how it connects Senegal and North Carolina. In addition, students will explore Gorée Island in Senegal and its connection to the Atlantic history of slavery.
Qualitative and Quantitative Status and International Visibility of Iranian Journals Indexed in Journal Citation Reports
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2016

description: Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the international status and visibility of Iranian journals which have been indexed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR). Accordingly, the number of international papers, citations and editorial board members of each journal was studied. Moreover, various measures were utilized to compare the quality of Iranian journals with their international counterparts. Method: Current paper applied scientometric research method. A total of 16471 papers which published in 38 Iranian journals and indexed by the JCR 2013 were selected as the population of the study. Web of Science (WoS), JCR and journals’ website were used for data gathering. Results: Results of the study revealed that foreign researchers have published 34.8% of papers published in Iranian ISI journals. Moreover, only 30.6% of citations to Iranian ISI journals have been received from foreign papers or Iranian internationally collaborative papers. The results showed that Iranian researchers accounted for 66.4% of editorial board member of all studied journals, while foreign researchers only occupied 33.6% of the editorial board positions. Based on the findings, only two Iranian journals have impact factors above the median of the journals in the disciplinary category areas in which they are classified in JCR. Furthermore, only 8 Iranian journals have ever been placed in the 1st and 2nd quartile of journals of the same field in the JCR. Findings also showed that 36 out of the 38 Iranian journals have mostly cited by journals with higher median impact factors than cited journals. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the share of international papers, citations and editorial board memberships is low in Iranian ISI journals. Moreover, Iranian journals’ impact factor was below of those of the leading journals.
Suzaku Observation of Be/X-ray Binary Pulsar EXO 2030+375
Creators: name: Naik, Sachindra
name: Jaisawal, Gaurava K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the timing and spectral properties of Be/X-ray binary pulsar EXO 2030+375 using a $Suzaku$ observation on 2012 May 23, during a less intense Type I outburst. Pulsations were clearly detected in the X-ray light curves at a barycentric period of 41.2852 s which suggests that the pulsar is spinning-up. The pulse profiles were found to be peculiar e.g. unlike that obtained from the earlier Suzaku observation on 2007 May 14. A single-peaked narrow profile at soft X-rays (0.5-10 keV range) changed to a double-peaked broad profile in 12-55 keV energy range and again reverted back to a smooth single-peaked profile at hard X-rays (55-70 keV range). The 1.0-100.0 keV broad-band spectrum of the pulsar was found to be well described by three continuum models such as (i) a partial covering high energy cut-off power-law model, (ii) a partially absorbed power-law with high-energy exponential rolloff and (iii) a partial covering Negative and Positive power law with EXponential (NPEX) continuum model. Unlike earlier Suzaku observation during which several low energy emission lines were detected, a weak and narrow Iron K_alpha emission line at 6.4 keV was only present in the pulsar spectrum during the 2012 May outburst. Non-detection of any absorption like feature in 1-100 keV energy range supports the claim of absence of cyclotron resonance scattering feature in EXO 2030+375 from earlier Suzaku observation. Pulse-phase resolved spectroscopy revealed the presence of additional dense matter causing the absence of second peak from the soft X-ray pulse profiles. The details of the results are described in the paper.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Tunnel spectroscopy of Majorana bound states in topological superconductor-quantum dot Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Huang, Guang-Yao
name: Leijnse, Martin
name: Flensberg, Karsten
name: Xu, Hongqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate electronic transport through a junction where a quantum dot (QD) is tunnel coupled on both sides to semiconductor nanowires with strong spin-orbit interaction and proximity-induced superconductivity. The results are presented as stability diagrams, i.e., the differential conductance as a function of the bias voltage applied across the junction and the gate voltage used to control the electrostatic potential on the QD. A small applied magnetic field splits and modifies the resonances due to the Zeeman splitting of the QD level. Above a critical field strength, Majorana bound states (MBS) appear at the interfaces between the two superconducting nanowires and the QD, resulting in a qualitative change of the entire stability diagram, suggesting this setup as a promising platform to identify MBS. Our calculations are based on a nonequilibrium Green's function description and is exact when Coulomb interactions on the QD can be neglected. In addition, we develop a simple pictorial view of the involved transport processes, which is equivalent to a description in terms of multiple Andreev reflections, but provides an alternative way to understand the role of the QD level in enhancing transport for certain gate and bias voltages. We believe that this description will be useful in future studies of interacting QDs coupled to superconducting leads (with or without MBS), where it can be used to develop a perturbation expansion in the tunnel coupling.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Published version
Additional file 2 of Communication inequalities and health disparities among vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic - a scoping review of qualitative and quantitative evidence
Creators: name: Häfliger, Clara
name: Diviani, Nicola
name: Rubinelli, Sara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Search strings.