cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shannon’s information theory in hydrologic network design and estimation
Creators: name: Husain, Tahir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The hydrologic basin and its data collection network is treated as a communication system. The spatial and temporal characteristics of the hydrologic events throughout the basin are represented as a message source and this message is transmitted by the network stations to a data base. A measure of the basin information transmitted by the hydrologic network is derived using Shannon's multivariate information. An optimum network station selection criterion, based on Shannon's methodology, is established and is shown to be independent of the estimation of the events at ungauged locations. Multivariate information transmission for the hydrologic network is initially computed using the discrete entropy concept. The computation of the multivariate entropy is then extended to the case of variables represented by continuous distributions. Bivariate and multivariate forms of the normal and lognormal distributions and the bivariate form of gamma, extreme value and exponential probability density functions are considered. Computational requirements are substantial when dealing with large numbers of grid points in the basin representation, and in the combinatorial search for optimum networks. Computational aids are developed which reduce the computational load to a practical level. The performance of optimal information transmission networks is compared with networks designed by existing methods. The ability of Shannon's theory to cope with the multivariate nature of the output from a network is shown to provide network designs with generally superior estimation performance. Although the optimal information transmission criterion avoids the necessity of specifying the estimators for events at ungauged locations, the criterion can also be applied to the determination of optimal estimators. The applicability of the information transmission criterion in determining optimal estimation parameters is demonstrated for simple and multiple linear regression and Kalman filter estimation. Information transmission criterion is applied to design the least cost network where a choice of instrument precision exists.
Serendipitous observation of a coronal mass ejection during the total solar eclipse of 14 December 2020
Creators: name: Abramson, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of the total solar eclipse of 14 December 2020, during which a coronal mass ejection can be see n propagating. A comprehensive set of photographs covering a high dynamic range of exposure allow to characterize its dimensions. The displacement of the front can be seen occurring during the few minutes of totality.
Figure S1 from Hypercapnia selectively modulates LPS-induced changes in innate immune and DNA replication-related gene transcription in the macrophage
Creators: name: Casalino-Matsuda, S. Marina
name: Berdnikovs, Sergejs
name: Naizhen Wang
name: Nair, Aisha
name: Khalilah L. Gates
name: Beitel, Greg J.
name: Sporn, Peter H. S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: LPS induces transcriptional changes in mouse macrophages
procedia_2021_2021_jsmtl-2108072112379.pdf
Creators: name: Bahramimianrood, Bahador
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150309 Logistics and Supply Chain Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Various advances in I.T. capabilities have changed the face of the industry rapidly over the past decade. Adopting and implementing information technology is one of the methods that applies a distinct competitive personality to companies and the supply chain. Embracing information technology and its efficient implementation can improve cooperation between supply chain members through the rapid transfer and distribution of accurate information and the use of information systems and increase supply chain efficiency. To better understand the issue, a look is taken at the importance and role of information in the supply chain and the supply chain characteristics with the information flow approach. Studies show the impact of information technology on improving accountability, distribution and transmission of information, chain efficiency and enhancing cooperation in both internal and external dimensions, preventing the effect of leather whipping and developing sales channels. Applications of information technology in supply chain management with two technology and information systems approaches are also critical. In addition, studies have shown that factors such as the size of the organization, success rate, uncertainty and pressure of other chain partners, etc., have a significant role in the acceptance of information technology. The use of knowledge management in the supply chain, lack of training for members, and lack of strategic planning significantly impact other barriers.
Obtaining sigma --> gamma gamma Width from Nucleon Polarizabilities
Creators: name: Prades, Joaquim
name: Bernabeu, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method that fixes the coupling to two photons of the recently found lightest QCD resonance, the sigma. This coupling provides crucial information for discriminating the yet unknown nature of this special state. Our method uses available data on the nucleon polarizabilities together with analyticity and unitarity. Taking into account all the uncertainties, our result is Gamma_{pole}= 1.2 +- 0.4 keV.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, Invited Talk given by J.P. at 14th International Conference on QCD (QCD' 08), 7-12 July 2008, Montpellier, France
Table S1 from Hypercapnia selectively modulates LPS-induced changes in innate immune and DNA replication-related gene transcription in the macrophage
Creators: name: Casalino-Matsuda, S. Marina
name: Berdnikovs, Sergejs
name: Naizhen Wang
name: Nair, Aisha
name: Khalilah L. Gates
name: Beitel, Greg J.
name: Sporn, Peter H. S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human THP-1 Genes Regulated by Hypercapnia
title: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: D'Souza, Deepak
name: Radhakrishnan, Jaikumar
name: Telikepalli, Kavitha
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Frontmatter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 18, IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2012), pages i-xiv
Table S2 from Hypercapnia selectively modulates LPS-induced changes in innate immune and DNA replication-related gene transcription in the macrophage
Creators: name: Casalino-Matsuda, S. Marina
name: Berdnikovs, Sergejs
name: Naizhen Wang
name: Nair, Aisha
name: Khalilah L. Gates
name: Beitel, Greg J.
name: Sporn, Peter H. S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mouse RAW 264.7 Genes Regulated by Hypercapnia
From social netizens to data citizens: variations of GDPR awareness in 28 European countries
Creators: name: Rughinis, Razvan
name: Rughinis, Cosima
name: Vulpe, Simona Nicoleta
name: Rosner, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We studied variability in General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) awareness in relation to digital experience in the 28 European countries of EU27-UK, through secondary analysis of the Eurobarometer 91.2 survey conducted in March 2019 (N = 27,524). Education, occupation, and age were the strongest sociodemographic predictors of GDPR awareness, with little influence of gender, subjective economic well-being, or locality size. Digital experience was significantly and positively correlated with GDPR awareness in a linear model, but this relationship proved to be more complex when we examined it through a typological analysis. Using an exploratory k-means cluster analysis we identified four clusters of digital citizenship, across both dimensions of digital experience and GDPR awareness: the off-line citizens (22%), the social netizens (32%), the web citizens (17%), and the data citizens (29%). The off-line citizens ranked lowest in internet use and GDPR awareness; the web citizens ranked at about average values, while the data citizens ranked highest in both digital experience and GDPR knowledge and use. The fourth identified cluster, the social netizens, had a discordant profile, with remarkably high social network use, below average online shopping experiences, and low GDPR awareness. Digitalization in human capital and general internet use is a strong country-level correlate of the national frequency of the data citizen type. Our results confirm previous studies of the low privacy awareness and skills associated with intense social media consumption, but we found that young generations are evenly divided between the rather carefree social netizens and the strongly invested data citizens.
description: 2 figures 6 tables
Dynamical Simulations of NGC 2523 and NGC 4245
Creators: name: Treuthardt, P.
name: Salo, H.
name: Buta, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present dynamical simulations of NGC 2523 and NGC 4245, two barred galaxies (types SB(r)b and SB(r)0/a, respectively) with prominent inner rings. Our goal is to estimate the bar pattern speeds in these galaxies by matching a sticky-particle simulation to the $B$-band morphology, using near-infrared $K_s$-band images to define the gravitational potentials. We compare the pattern speeds derived by this method with those derived in our previous paper using the well-known Tremaine-Weinberg continuity equation method. The inner rings in these galaxies, which are likely to be resonance features, help to constrain the dynamical models. We find that both methods give the same pattern speeds within the errors.
description: 29 pages, 3 tables, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Relativistic structure of one-meson and one-gluon exchange forces and the lower excitation spectrum of the Nucleon and the Delta
Creators: name: Tursunov, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lower excitation spectrum of the nucleon and $Δ$ is calculated in a relativistic chiral quark model. Corrections to the baryon mass spectrum from the second order self-energy and exchange diagrams induced by pion and gluon fields are estimated in the field -theoretical framework. Convergent results for the self-energy terms are obtained when including the intermediate quark and antiquark states with a total momentum up to $j=25/2$. Relativistic one-meson and color-magnetic one-gluon exchange forces are shown to generate spin 0, 1, 2, etc. operators, which couple the lower and the upper components of the two interacting valence quarks and yield reasonable matrix elements for the lower excitation spectrum of the Nucleon and Delta. The only contribution to the ground state nucleon and $Δ$ comes from the spin 1 operators, which correspond to the exchanged pion or gluon in the l=1 orbit, thus indicating, that the both pion exchange and color-magnetic gluon exchange forces can contribute to the spin of baryons. Is is shown also that the contribution of the color-electric component of the gluon fields to the baryon spectrum is enormously large (more than 500 MeV with a value $α_s=0.65$) and one needs to restrict to very small values of the strong coupling constant or to exclude completely the gluon-loop corrections to the baryon spectrum. With this restriction, the calculated spectrum reproduces the main properties of the data, however needs further contribution from the two-pion exchange and instanton induced exchange (for the nucleon sector) forces in consistence with the realistic NN-interaction models.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 7 tables
Global Properties of Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions
Creators: name: Kliemant, Michael
name: Sahoo, Raghunath
name: Schuster, Tim
name: Stock, Reinhard
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this lecture note, we discuss the global properties of nucleus-nucleus collisions. After a brief introduction to heavy-ion collisions, we introduce useful kinematics and then discuss the bulk hadron production in A+A collisions. At the end we discuss the hadronization and hadronic freeze-out in A+A collisions. We have tried to cover the topic from very fundamental arguments especially for the beginners in the field. We also give very useful formulae frequently used by experimentalists, from a first principle derivation.
description: 84 pages, 34 figures; Lecture given at the QGP Winter School, Jaipur, India, Feb.1-3, 2008; To appear in Springer Lecture Notes in Physics
Observation time to first detection of double neutron star mergers by gravitational wave observatories
Creators: name: Coward, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the uncertainty in waiting times for detecting the first double-neutron-star (DNS) mergers by gravitational wave observatories. By accounting for the Poisson fluctuations in the rate density of DNS mergers and galaxy space density inhomogeneity in the local Universe, we define a detection `zone' as a region in a parameter space constrained by the double neutron star merger rate and two LIGO operations parameters: an observation horizon distance and science run duration. Assuming a mean rate of about 80 DNS mergers per Milky Way galaxy Myr^{-1}, we find a 1/20 chance of observing a merger by Enhanced LIGO in only 1 yr of observation. The minimum waiting time and temporal zone width for an Advanced LIGO sensitivity are much shorter and imply that there is a 95% probability of detecting a DNS merger in less than 60 days and a 1/20 chance of a first detection in about 1 day. At the 5% probability threshold for a first detection, we find that the effect of galaxy clusters on detection is smoothed out and may only influence detection rates after 5-10 years observation time.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS with minor revisions
Modified substitute structure method for analysis of existing R/C structures
Creators: name: Yoshida, Sumio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The modified substitute structure method is developed for the earthquake hazard evaluation of existing reinforced concrete buildings constructed before the most recent advances in seismic design codes. The main characteristic of the proposed method is the use of modified linear analysis for predicting the behaviour, including inelastic response, of existing structures when subjected to a given type and intensity of earthquake motion, represented by a linear response spectrum. The procedure involves an extension of the substitute structure method, which was originally proposed by Shibata and Sozen as a design procedure. With properties and strengths of a structure known, the modified substitute structure method computes ductility demand of each member via an elastic modal analysis, in which reduced flexural stiffness and substitute damping factors are used iteratively. As a result of the analysis, it is possible to describe, in general terms, the location and extent of damage that would occur in a structure subjected to earthquakes of different intensity. Several reinforced concrete structures of different sizes and strengths were tested by the proposed method and the results compared with a nonlinear dynamic analysis. In general, a small number of iterations was required to obtain an estimate of damage ratios. The method appears to work well for structures in which yielding is not extensive and widespread. Furthermore, it appears to work better for those in which yielding occurs mainly in beams and the effect of higher modes is not predominant. Though further research is necessary, the modified substitute structure method can constitute an integral part of the rational retrofit procedure.
Design of the open research data system
Creators: name: Baldacchino, Godfrey
name: Ellul, Kevin
name: Vella, Josianne
name: Drago, Aldo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open research data
Research Data Infrastructures

description: Design of an Open Research Data System that proposes tangibleorganisational frameworks and common procedures and practices, to be agreed and implemented across the reSEArch-EU member universities, serving to build compatible andconsolidated institutional platforms for the uploading of data sets. This provides a commonbase across the six universities for agreed homogeneity of data quality and standards,interoperable data formats, and common schemes for data management and metadata descriptions.
The Polya-Tchebotarov problem
Creators: name: Ortega-Cerdà, Joaquim
name: Pridhnani, Bharti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the solutions to the problem of identifying the continuum in the complex plane that minimizes the logarithmic capacity among all the continuum that contain a prefixed finite set of points. This description can be implemented numerically and this can be used to improve the estimates on the Bloch-Landau constant and other related problems as the maximal expected lifetime of the Brownian motion on domains of inner radius one or the principal eigenvalue for the Laplace operator on such domains.
Interface Retaining Coarsening of Multiphase Flows
Creators: name: Chen, Xianyang
name: Lu, Jiacai
name: Tryggvason, Gretar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiphase flows are characterized by sharp moving interfaces, separating different fluids or phases. In many cases the dynamics of the interface determines the behavior of the flow. In a coarse, or reduced order model, it may therefore be important to retain a sharp interface for the resolved scales. Here, a process to coarsen or filter fully resolved numerical solutions for incompressible multiphase flows while retaining a sharp interface is examined. The different phases are identified by an index function that takes different values in each phase and is coarsened by solving a constant coefficient diffusion equation, while tracking the interface contour. Small flows scales of one phase, left behind when the interface is moved, are embedded in the other phase by solving another diffusion equation with a modified diffusion coefficient that is zero at the interface location to prevent diffusion across the interface, plus a pressure like equation to enforce incompressibility of the coarse velocity field. Examples of different levels of coarsening are shown. A simulation of a coarse model, where small scales are treated as a homogeneous mixture, results in a solution that is similar to the filtered fully resolved field for the early time Rayleigh-Taylor instability.
Triassic Horizon Grids, Isochron Grids, and Fault Maps, Central North West Shelf
Creators: name: Orlov., C.
name: Abbott, S.T.
name: Bernardel, G.
name: Nicholson, C.
name: Rollet, N.
name: Nguyen, D.
name: Gunning, M.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2019
Subjects: Basin Analysis
EARTH SCIENCES
Petroleum and Coal Geology
North West Shelf
Roebuck Basin
Rowley Sub-basin
Bedout Sub-basin
Barcoo Sub-basin
Beagle Sub-basin
Exmouth Plateau
Triassic
Petroleum exploration
stratigraphy
Published_External

description: A regional mapping program conducted by Geoscience Australia addressed stratigraphic and structural aspects of exploration risk within the Triassic succession of the Roebuck Basin and parts of the adjacent sub-basins (central North West Shelf, Figure 1).
Seismic horizons of regional significance were mapped using 2D and 3D seismic surveys. Seismic survey coverage is shown in Figure 1. 2D surveys include regional deep surveys such as AGSO s110, AGSO s120, and PGS New Dawn. 3D surveys include Admiral, Beagle, CNOOC, Curt, Lord, Naranco, Polly, and Whitetail. Synthetic seismograms (Nguyen et al., 2019) were used to tie seismic horizons to wells.
The mapped horizons are placed within a regional tectonostratigraphic framework by Abbott et al. (2019, their Figure 2). This data pack comprises seismic horizon grids and isochron grids generated from the TR10.0_SB (base Triassic), TR17.0_SB (Mid–Triassic), and J10.0_SB (top Triassic) seismic horizons (Figure 2). Fault maps compiled at the TR10.0 _SB and J10.0_SB are also included.
Triassic Horizon Grids, Isochron Grids, and Fault Maps, Central North West Shelf
Creators: name: Orlov., C.
name: Abbott, S.T.
name: Bernardel, G.
name: Nicholson, C.
name: Rollet, N.
name: Nguyen, D.
name: Gunning, M.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2019
Subjects: Basin Analysis
EARTH SCIENCES
Petroleum and Coal Geology
North West Shelf
Roebuck Basin
Rowley Sub-basin
Bedout Sub-basin
Barcoo Sub-basin
Beagle Sub-basin
Exmouth Plateau
Triassic
Petroleum exploration
stratigraphy
Published_External

description: A regional mapping program conducted by Geoscience Australia addressed stratigraphic and structural aspects of exploration risk within the Triassic succession of the Roebuck Basin and parts of the adjacent sub-basins
Lab Pitch on Reproducibility at Neurolinguistics (UZH) and The Dynamics of Brain and Language Lab (UNIGE)
Creators: name: Fraga-González, Gorka
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2018
Subjects: Git
containers
dynamic reporting
reproducibility

description: In this lab pitch I covered some basic concepts related to reproducibility and ellaborated in three components to improve reproducibility in practice: Git version control, dynamic reporting and software containers.
Magnetic Reconnection During the Two-Phase Evolution of a Solar Eruptive Flare
Creators: name: Joshi, Bhuwan
name: Veronig, Astrid
name: Cho, K. -S.
name: Bong, S. -C.
name: Moon, Y. -J.
name: Lee, Jeongwoo
name: Somov, B. V.
name: Manoharan, P. K.
name: Kim, Y. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed multi-wavelength analysis and interpretation of the evolution of an M7.6 flare on October 24, 2003. The X-ray observations of the flare taken from the RHESSI spacecraft reveal two phases of the flare evolution. The first phase is characterized by the altitude decrease of the X-ray looptop (LT) source for $\sim$11 minutes. Such a long duration of the descending LT source motion is reported for the first time. The EUV loops, located below the X-ray LT source, also undergo contraction with similar speed ($\sim$15 km s$^{-1}$) in this interval. During the second phase the two distinct hard X-ray footpoints (FP) sources are observed which correlate well with UV and H$α$ flare ribbons. The X-ray LT source now exhibits upward motion. The RHESSI spectra during the first phase are soft and indicative of hot thermal emission from flaring loops with temperatures $T>25$ MK at the early stage. On the other hand, the spectra at high energies ($\varepsilon \gtrsim$25 keV) follow hard power laws during the second phase ($γ= 2.6-2.8$). We show that the observed motion of the LT and FP sources can be understood as a consequence of three-dimensional magnetic reconnection at a separator in the corona. During the first phase of the flare, the reconnection releases an excess of magnetic energy related to the magnetic tensions generated before a flare by the shear flows in the photosphere. The relaxation of the associated magnetic shear in the corona by the reconnection process explains the descending motion of the LT source. During the second phase, the ordinary reconnection process dominates describing the energy release in terms of the standard model of large eruptive flares.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of The acceptability to women of techniques for managing an impacted fetal head at caesarean section and of randomised trials evaluating those techniques: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Romano, Gabriella
name: Mitchell, Eleanor
name: Plachcinski, Rachel
name: Wakefield, Natalie
name: Walker, Kate
name: Ayers, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Converting electrons into emergent fermions at a superconductor-Kitaev spin liquid interface
Creators: name: Kishony, Gilad
name: Berg, Erez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an interface between a Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) in the chiral phase and a non-chiral superconductor. When the coupling across the interface is sufficiently strong, the interface undergoes a transition into a phase characterized by a condensation of a bound state of a Bogoliubov quasiparticle in the superconductor and an emergent fermionic excitation in the spin liquid. In the condensed phase, electrons in the superconductor can coherently convert into emergent fermions in the spin liquid and vice versa. As a result, the chiral Majorana edge mode of the spin liquid becomes visible in the electronic local density of states at the interface, which can be measured in scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments. We demonstrate the existence of this phase transition, and the non-local order parameter that characterizes it, using density matrix renormalization group simulations of a KSL strip coupled at its edge to a superconductor. An analogous phase transition can occur in a simpler system composed of a one-dimensional spin chain with a spin-flip $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry coupled to a superconductor.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Anisotropic Inflation from Vector Impurity
Creators: name: Kanno, Sugumi
name: Kimura, Masashi
name: Soda, Jiro
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an inflationary scenario with a vector impurity. We show that the universe undergoes anisotropic inflationary expansion due to a preferred direction determined by the vector. Using the slow-roll approximation, we find a formula to determine anisotropy of the inflationary universe. We discuss possible observable predictions of this scenario. In particular, it is stressed that primordial gravitational waves can be induced from curvature perturbations. Hence, even in low scale inflation, a sizable amount of primordial gravitational waves may be produced during inflation.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, improved section V, to be published in JCAP
Improved analytical approximation to arbitrary l-state solutions of the Schrodinger equation for the hyperbolical potentials
Creators: name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approximation scheme to the centrifugal term is proposed to obtain the $l\neq 0$ bound-state solutions of the Schrödinger equation for an exponential-type potential in the framework of the hypergeometric method. The corresponding normalized wave functions are also found in terms of the Jacobi polynomials. To show the accuracy of the new proposed approximation scheme, we calculate the energy eigenvalues numerically for arbitrary quantum numbers $n$ and $l$ with two different values of the potential parameter $σ_{\text{0}}.$ Our numerical results are of high accuracy like the other numerical results obtained by using program based on a numerical integration procedure for short-range and long-range potentials. The energy bound-state solutions for the s-wave ($l=0$) and $σ_{0}=1$ cases are given.
description: 17 pages
Newman-Penrose formalism in higher dimensions: vacuum spacetimes with a non-twisting geodetic multiple Weyl aligned null direction
Creators: name: Pravdova, Alena
name: Pravda, Vojtech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum spacetimes admitting a non-twisting geodetic multiple Weyl aligned null direction (WAND) are analyzed in arbitrary dimension using recently developed higher-dimensional Newman-Penrose (NP) formalism. We determine dependence of the metric and of the Weyl tensor on the affine parameter r along null geodesics generated by the WAND for type III and N spacetimes and for a special class of type II and D spacetimes, containing e.g. Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes and black strings and branes. For types III and N, all metric components are at most quadratic polynomials in r while for types II and D the r-dependence of the metric as well as of the Weyl tensor is determined by an integer m corresponding to the rank of the expansion matrix S_{ij}. It is shown that for non-vanishing expansion, all these spacetimes contain a curvature singularity. As an illustrative example, a shearing expanding type N five-dimensional vacuum solution is also re-derived using higher-dimensional NP formalism. This solution can be, however, identified with a direct product of a known four-dimensional type N metric with an extra dimension.
description: 25 pages, version to be published in Class. Quantum Grav. (expanded -background material included, 3 references added, small change in notation)
The Metallicity Distribution of Distant F and G type stars in the CFHT Legacy Survey Deep Field
Creators: name: Karatas, Y.
name: Kilic, M.
name: Gunes, O.
name: Limboz, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the metal abundances of F and G type stars in the Galactic disk and halo using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey D4 field. For a sample of stars within 7 kpc of the Galactic plane, we derive mean abundance values of Fe/H=-0.77(+/-0.36) dex for the thick disk, and Fe/H=-1.42(+/-0.98) dex for the stellar halo, respectively. These metallicites are consistent with the metallicity estimates from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6. We do not find a vertical abundance gradient for the thick disk between 1 kpc and 4 kpc. However, stars within 1 kpc of the Galactic plane are saturated in our dataset, and therefore we cannot rule out the observed vertical metallicity gradient for the thick disk stars in the SDSS. Moreover, we find a negative trend in the halo metallicity with increasing distance from the Galactic plane. This trend could be due to a contribution from an increasing number of very metal poor stars that belong to the outer halo. However, systematic effects in photometric metallicities are largest for the most metal poor stars, and therefore these effects cannot be ruled out.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia
Supermassive black holes surrounded by dark matter modeled as anisotropic fluid: epicyclic oscillations and their fitting to observed QPOs
Creators: name: Stuchlík, Zdeněk
name: Vrba, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently introduced exact solution of the Einstein gravity coupled minimally to an anisotropic fluid representing dark matter can well represent supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei with realistic distribution of dark matter around the black hole, given by the Hernquist-like density distribution. For these fluid-hairy black hole spacetimes, properties of the gravitational radiation, quasinormal ringing, and optical phenomena were studied, giving interesting results. Here, using the range of physical parameters of these spacetimes allowing for their relevance in astrophysics, we study the epicyclic oscillatory motion of test particles in these spacetimes. The frequencies of the orbital and epicyclic motion are applied in the epicyclic resonance variant of the geodesic model of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) observed in active galactic nuclei to demonstrate the possibility to solve the cases where the standard vacuum black hole spacetimes are not allowing for explanation of the observed data. We demonstrate that the geodesic model can explain the QPOs observed in most of the active galactic nuclei for the fluid-hairy black holes with reasonable halo parameters.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Morphology of galaxies in the Coma cluster region down to M_B=-14.25. I. A catalog of 473 members
Creators: name: Michard, R.
name: Andreon, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents morphological type, membership, and U-V color for a sample of galaxies in the Coma cluster direction, complete down to M_B=-15.00 mag and extending down to M_B=-14.25 mag. We have examined 1155 objects from the GMP 1983 catalog on B and V images of the CFH12K camera, and obtained the Hubble type in most cases. Coma cluster membership for 473 galaxies was derived using morphology, apparent size, and surface brightness, and, afterward, redshift. The comparison among morphology- and redshift- memberships and among luminosity functions derived from this morphologically-selected sample, or by using statistical members or spectroscopic members, all show that the morphological membership provided here can be trusted. For the first time, the morphological classification of Coma galaxies reaches magnitudes that are faint enough to observe the whole magnitude range of the giant types, E, S0, and spiral stages. The data presented in this paper makes our sample the richest environment where membership and morphology for complete samples down to faint magnitudes M_B~-15 mag are available, thereby enlarging the baseline of environmental studies.
description: A&A, in press. Tables are available at CDS and at http://www.brera.mi.astro.it/%7Eandreon/MichAndrE1.dat (Table1), http://www.brera.mi.astro.it/%7Eandreon/MichAndrE2.dat (Table 2)
Magnetic interactions of cold atoms with anisotropic conductors
Creators: name: David, T.
name: Japha, Y.
name: Dikovsky, V.
name: Salem, R.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Folman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze atom-surface magnetic interactions on atom chips where the magnetic trapping potentials are produced by current carrying wires made of electrically anisotropic materials. We discuss a theory for time dependent fluctuations of the magnetic potential, arising from thermal noise originating from the surface. It is shown that using materials with a large electrical anisotropy results in a considerable reduction of heating and decoherence rates of ultra-cold atoms trapped near the surface, of up to several orders of magnitude. The trap loss rate due to spin flips is expected to be significantly reduced upon cooling the surface to low temperatures. In addition, the electrical anisotropy significantly suppresses the amplitude of static spatial potential corrugations due to current scattering within imperfect wires. Also the shape of the corrugation pattern depends on the electrical anisotropy: the preferred angle of the scattered current wave fronts can be varied over a wide range. Materials, fabrication, and experimental issues are discussed, and specific candidate materials are suggested.
description: Selected as a Highlight paper in the European Physical Journal D
Additional file 1 of Common mental disorders among seasonal migrant farmworkers in Northwest Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kassahun Alemu Gelaye
name: Sisay, Malede Mequanent
name: Temesgen Yihunie Akalu
name: Destaw Fetene Teshome
name: Haileab Fekadu Wolde
name: Getu Debalkie Demissie
name: Sintayehu Daba Wami
name: Telake Azale
name: Tadesse Awoke Ayele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. English version survey questionnaire.
Bulging Triangles: Generalization of Reuleaux Triangles
Creators: name: Someyama, Norihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M04, 51M05, 51N20

description: We introduce a bulging triangle like the generalization of the Reuleaux triangle. We may be able to propose various ways to bulge a triangle, but this paper presents the way so that its vertices are the same as them of the original triangle. We find some properties and theorems of our bulging triangles. In particular, we investigate, via calculus, whether basic facts such as triangle inequalities and Pythagorean theorem hold for bulging triangles.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Edge states for the n=0 Laudau level in graphene
Creators: name: Arikawa, Mitsuhiro
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
name: Aoki, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the anomalous quantum Hall effect (QHE), a hallmark of graphene, nature of the edge states in magnetic fields poses an important question, since the edge and bulk should be intimately related in QHE. Here we have theoretically studied the edge states, focusing on the E=0 edge mode, which is unusual in that the mode is embedded right within the n=0 bulk Landau level, while usual QHE edge modes reside across adjacent Landau levels. Here we show that the n=0 Landau level, including the edge mode, has a wave function amplitude accumulated along zigzag edges whose width scales with the magnetic length, l_B. This contrasts with the usual QHE where the charge is depleted from the edge. The implications are: (i) The E=0 edge states in strong magnetic fields have a topological origin in the honeycomb lattice, so that they are outside the continuum ("massless Dirac") model. (ii) The edge-mode contribution decays only algebraically into the bulk, but this is "topologically" compensated by the bulk contribution, resulting in the accumulation over l_B. (iii) The real space behavior obtained here should be observable in STM experiments.
description: 4 pages 3 figures
Asymptotics of generalized Hadwiger numbers
Creators: name: Boju, Valentin
name: Funar, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C15, 52A38, 28A75

description: We give asymptotic estimates for the number of non-overlapping homothetic copies of some centrally symmetric oval $B$ which have a common point with a 2-dimensional domain $F$ having rectifiable boundary, extending previous work of the L.Fejes-Toth, K.Borockzy Jr., D.G.Larman, S.Sezgin, C.Zong and the authors. The asymptotics compute the length of the boundary $\partial F$ in the Minkowski metric determined by $B$. The core of the proof consists of a method for sliding convex beads along curves with positive reach in the Minkowski plane. We also prove that level sets are rectifiable subsets, extending a theorem of Erdös, Oleksiv and Pesin for the Euclidean space to the Minkowski space.
description: 20p, 9 figures
title: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Workshop Organization
Creators: name: Danielsson, Nils Anders
name: Nordström, Bengt
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Frontmatter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Workshop Organization

description: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Workshop Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 19, 18th International Workshop on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2011), pages i-vii
Prospects And Challenges In Digitization: The Case Study Of Federal Parliament Of Nepal
Creators: name: Sharma, Arun Kishor
name: Kautish, Sandeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digitization means the use of digital technology to modify a business model to create new possibilities for sales to value creation. The main purpose of the study is to identify the effects of digitization in the federal parliament of Nepal. The performance of the parliament, secretariat, parliamentarians as well as employees working procedure should be fully digitalized based different prescribed different modules. Quantitative and quantitative method were followed. This research included a series of well-structured questionnaires, mainly directed at MPs and employees, and structured interviews with key persons of the organizations. The raw data were processed and analyzed by SPSS. Cochran's Q test, Chi-Square test and Friedman tests were applied to show the present status and need of digitization tools in Federal Parliament of Nepal. The system becomes automated, interlinked, based on the database and there should be a mutual understanding among committees on different issues. The overall activities of parliament, committees, and its secretariats records are managed systematically through tailored software. We would also intend to discuss the limits on the usage of different tools and recommendations for parliamentary application. The holistic framework is a digital framework for FPN. This will be helpful for a digitized workplace. The FPN will start the new era of digital transformation. Keywords - Federal Parliament, Digitalization, Secretariat, Parliamentarian, Legislature, Information, and Communication Technology
On the 511 keV emission line of positron annihilation in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Prantzos, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review our current understanding of positron sources in the Galaxy, on the basis of the reported properties of the observed 511 keV annihilation line. It is argued here that most of the disk positrons propagate away from the disk and the resulting low surface brightness annihilation emission is currently undetectable by SPI/INTEGRAL. It is also argued that a large fraction of the disk positrons may be transported via the regular magnetic field of the Galaxy into the bulge and annihilate there. These ideas may alleviate current difficulties in interepreting INTEGRAL results in a "conventional" framework.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, paper presented in "Astronomy with Radioactivities" (Ringberg, Germany, january 2008), to appear in New Astronomy Reviews
Effects of temperature on two-stage biostabilization of landfill leachate
Creators: name: Zapf-Gilje, Reidar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Leachate is generated by seepage of water through sanitary landfills. Where conditions are unfavourable, leachate of high strength and large volumes may be produced, thus creating the potential for serious water contamination problems. This study investigated aerobic, two-stage biological treatment of high strength leachate, at different operating temperatures. Completely mixed batch reactors of 10 litre volume were employed and operated on a daily fill-and-draw basis. Nutrient loading was slightly in excess of BOD₅:N:P = 100:5:1. Two-stage biological treatment were performed at 23-25°C, 16°C and 9°C. At room temperature the first stage reactors were operated at a mean cell residence time (MCRT) of 6, 9 and 20 days and the polishing reactors at 6, 9, 10 and 20 days. At lower temperatures, the first stage reactors that were operated at 20 days MCRT and the 10 and 20 days MCRT polishing reactors were eliminated. The leachate employed was lysimeter generated and characterized by COD and BOD₅ concentrations of approximately 19,000 mg/L and 14,000 mg/L respectively. In addition, it contained a spectrum of heavy metals and inorganic solids. Organic removal by the first stage systems was exceptionally good. Better than 95% COD and 99% BOD₅ were removed under all conditions investigated. Removal of heavy metals was 90% or better for most of the 9 metals monitored. Nickel and magnesium experienced only an average of 50% reduction. For temperatures ranging from 9°C to 25°C the removal performance was not significantly affected. However, the effluent COD and BOD₅ were slightly higher at 9°C, especially for the reactor receiving the highest organic load of 3.2 kg COD/m³-day. As a result of the low residual concentration of organic material in the first stage effluent, the polishing reactors experienced washout at all temperatures but 9°C. At this temperature and for the range of MCRT's tested, the second stage digesters stabilized at low MLSS levels of 220-600 mg/L, removing about 45% of the residual COD and 80% of the residual BOD₅; in addition, manganese, iron and zinc were further reduced by 60-80%. Settling problems caused by bulking, deflocculation and probably some hindered settling were encountered throughout the experiment, especially at lower MCRT's and temperatures. Hence, in order to produce enough feed for the polishing reactor, all effluents were obtained by filtering, rather than settling. The filtered effluent satisfied the local pollution control objectives for most parameters under nearly all conditions tested; however, slightly higher concentrations are expected under field conditions due to solids lost in the effluent.
Tricritical transition in the classical XY model on Kagomé lattice under local anisotropy
Creators: name: Shahbazi, Farhad
name: Mortezapour, Saba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using mean-field theory and high resolution Monte Carlo simulation technique based on multi-histogram method, we have investigated the critical properties of an antiferromagnetic XY model on the 2D Kagomé lattice, with single ion easy-axes anisotropy. The mean-field theory predicts second-order phase transition from disordered to all-in all-out state for any value of anisotropy for this model. However, Monte Carlo simulations result in first order transition for small values of anisotropy which turns to second order with increasing strength of anisotropy, indicating the existence of a tricritical point for this model. The critical exponents, obtained by finite-size scaling methods, show that the transition is in Ising universality class for large values of anisotropy, while the critical behaviour of the system deviates from 2D-$ϕ^6$ model near the tricritical point. This suggests the possibility for existence of a new tricritical universality in two-dimensions.