cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A MAP/PH1, PH2/2 INVENTORY QUEUEING SYSTEM WITH TWO COMMODITY, MULTIPLE VACATION, SERVER FEEDBACK, WORKING BREAKDOWN, REPAIR AND EMERGENCY REPLENISHMENT
Creators: name: G. Ayyappan
name: N. Arulmozhi
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: Markovian arrival process
PH-distribution
multiple vacation
two commodity
working breakdown
emergency replenishment

description: We investigate a continuous review inventory queuing system in the present study that has two heterogeneous servers: Server-2, which is reliable, and Server-1, which is unreliable. An exponentially distributed random time is used to describe the repair process when server-1 has an interruption. On the other hand, server-2 is completely dependable, but it goes on vacation when the system is empty. These two goods can be reordered under ordering regulations. To ensure customer satisfaction, an emergency replenishment of one item with no lead time occurs when the on-hand inventory level falls to zero. We use the matrix analytic approach for the QBD process under a steady-state probability vector. We also take into account the overall cost and the busy time. Furthermore, numerical data shows the benefits of the suggested approach in a range of random circumstances.
Hemoglobin Interactions with αB Crystallin: A Direct Test of Sensitivity to Protein Instability
Creators: name: Clark, John I.
name: Clark, Tyler J. W.
name: Houck, Scott A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: As a small stress response protein, human αB crystallin, detects protein destabilization that can alter structure and function to cause self assembly of fibrils or aggregates in diseases of aging. The sensitivity of αB crystallin to protein instability was evaluated using wild-type hemoglobin (HbA) and hemoglobin S (HbS), the glutamate-6-valine mutant that forms elongated, filamentous aggregates in sickling red blood cells. The progressive thermal unfolding and aggregation of HbA and HbS in solution at 37°C, 50°C and 55°C was measured as increased light scattering. UV circular dichroism (UVCD) was used to evaluate conformational changes in HbA and HbS with time at the selected temperatures. The changes in interactions between αB crystallin and HbA or HbS with temperature were analyzed using differential centrifugation and SDS PAGE at 37°C, 50°C and 55°C. After only 5 minutes at the selected temperatures, differences in the aggregation or conformation of HbA and HbS were not observed, but αB crystallin bound approximately 6% and 25% more HbS than HbA at 37°C, and 50°C respectively. The results confirmed (a) the remarkable sensitivity of αB crystallin to structural instabilities at the very earliest stages of thermal unfolding and (b) an ability to distinguish the self assembling mutant form of HbS from the wild type HbA in solution.
A MODIFIED AILAMUJIA DISTRIBUTION: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION
Creators: name: John, David Ikwuoche
name: Okeke Evelyn Nkiru
name: Lilian, Franklin
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ailamujia distribution
Entropy Transformation
Maximum likelihood estimation
Goodness of fit
Information criteria

description: This study presents a modified one-parameter Ailamujia distribution called the Entropy Transformed Ailamujia distribution (ETAD) is introduced to handle both symmetric and asymmetric lifetime data sets. The ETAD properties like order and reliability statistics, entropy, moment and moment generating function, quantile function, and its variability measures were derived. The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method was used in estimating the parameter of ETAD and through simulation at different sample sizes, the MLE was found to be consistent, efficient, and unbiased for estimating the ETAD parameter. The flexibility of ETAD was shown by fitting it to six different real lifetime data sets and compared it alongside seven competing one-parameter distributions. The goodness of fit (GOF) results from Akaike information criteria, Bayesian information criteria, corrected Akaike information criteria, and Hannan-Quinn information criteria show that the ETAD was the best fit amongst all the seven competing distributions across all the six data sets.
LGBT Tourism
Creators: name: Sousa-Silva, Sónia
name: Vareiro, Laurentina
Publisher: name: International Journal of Marketing, Innovation and Strategy
Year: 2023

description: In ​​tourism, the achievement of acceptance, freedom of expression, equal rights, and respect in various destinations and public spaces has stimulated growing interest from companies and destinations, reinforced by the strong purchasing power and the availability for more frequent trips by LGBT community (Baxter, 2010; WTO, 2017). For a destination that aims to attract and build a strong relationship with the LGBT market, it is vital, regardless of their motivation, to offer a safe and welcoming environment, interacting with understanding and respect. This study analyses the North of Portugal stakeholders' attitudes and perceptions, particularly the hotel industry and the local community, towards the LGBT tourism/market. By conducting two separate studies that complement each other, it was concluded that the region has the right conditions to engage in LGBT tourism and captivate this market segment, but for this, there are still slight prejudices that must be corrected.
description: International Journal of Marketing, Innovation and Strategy, Articles in Press
Fannie Mae National Housing Survey Monthly Key Indicators-January, 2014 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); change in income (1); household expenses (1).
ANALYSIS OF MMAP/PH1,PH2/1 PREEMPTIVE PRIORITY INVENTORY RETRIAL QUEUEING SYSTEM WITH SINGLE VACATION, WORKING BREAKDOWN, REPAIR AND CLOSEDOWN
Creators: name: G. Ayyappan
name: S. Meena
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: Queueing-inv entor y
(s
S) policy
Retrial
Preemptiv e Priority
Single Vacation
Working Breakdo wn
Repair
Closedo wn
Marko vian Arriv al Process
Phase-type distribution
Matrix Analytic Method

description: This paper analyzes preemptive priority inventory retrial queueing system with a single vacation, working breakdown, repair, and closedown. We assume that an arrival follows the Marked Markovian arrival process and that the server will provide them with phase-type services. The (s, S) policy to replenish the items and the replenishing duration follow an exponential distribution. In this paper, we consider two types of customers: high-priority(HP) customers and low-priority(LP) customers. Arriving HP customers should get the service if the server is idle and has a positive inventory level; otherwise, they should wait in front of the service station. Arriving LP customers get service only if there is a positive inventory level and there are no high-priority customers in the system; otherwise, go for the finite capacity size of the orbit. After the completion of service, if no one is present in the high-priority queue and orbit, the server will close down the system and then go on a single vacation. The server is idle when the vacation period ends. When the server breaks down, it only serves the present customer and operates in slow mode while it is being repaired. The number of high-priority customers in the system, the number of low-priority customers in the orbit, the inventory level, and server status may all be determined in a steady state. Numerous key performance indicators are defined, and a cost analysis is obtained. To make our mathematical concept clearer, a few numerical examples are provided.
Fannie Mae National Housing Survey Monthly Key Indicators-February, 2014 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); change in income (1); household expenses (1).
Wave transmission and its universal fluctuations in one-dimensional systems with Lévy-like disorder: Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations
Creators: name: Barbosa, Anderson L. R.
name: Lima, Jonas R. F.
name: Pereira, Luiz Felipe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the propagation of waves in one-dimensional systems with Lévy-type disorder. We perform a complete analysis of non-relativistic and relativistic wave transmission submitted to potential barriers whose width, separation or both follow Lévy distributions characterized by an exponent $0 < α<1$. For the first two cases, where one of the parameters is fixed, non-relativistic and relativistic waves present anomalous localization, $\langle T \rangle \propto L^{-α}$. However, for the latter case, in which both parameters follow a Lévy distribution, non-relativistic and relativistic waves present a transition between anomalous and standard localization as the incidence energy increases relative to the barrier height. Moreover, we obtain the localization diagram delimiting anomalous and standard localization regimes, in terms of incidence angle and energy. Finally, we verify that transmission fluctuations, characterized by its standard deviation, are universal, independent of barrier architecture, wave equation type, incidence energy and angle, further extending earlier studies on electronic localization.
description: Accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Physical Review E
The most powerful flaring activity from the NLSy1 PMN J0948+0022
Creators: name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Orienti, M.
name: Finke, J.
name: Raiteri, C. M.
name: Hovatta, T.
name: Larsson, J.
name: Max-Moerbeck, W.
name: Perkins, J.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Richards, J. L.
name: Beilicke, M.
name: Benbow, W.
name: Berger, K.
name: Bird, R.
name: Bugaev, V.
name: Cardenzana, J. V.
name: Cerruti, M.
name: Chen, X.
name: Ciupik, L.
name: Dickinson, H. J.
name: Eisch, J. D.
name: Errando, M.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Fleischhack, H.
name: Fortin, P.
name: Fortson, L.
name: Furniss, A.
name: Gerard, L.
name: Gillanders, G. H.
name: Griffiths, S. T.
name: Grube, J.
name: Gyuk, G.
name: Hakansson, N.
name: Holder, J.
name: Humensky, T. B.
name: Kar, P.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Khassen, Y.
name: Kieda, D.
name: Krennrich, F.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: Maier, G.
name: McCann, A.
name: Meagher, K.
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Nieto, D.
name: de Bhroithe, A. O' Faolain
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Otte, A. N.
name: Pohl, M.
name: Popkow, A.
name: Prokoph, H.
name: Pueschel, E.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Ragan, K.
name: Reynolds, P. T.
name: Richards, G. T.
name: Roache, E.
name: Rousselle, J.
name: Santander, M.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Smith, A. W.
name: Staszak, D.
name: Telezhinsky, I.
name: Tucci, J. V.
name: Tyler, J.
name: Varlotta, A.
name: Vassiliev, V. V.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Weinstein, A.
name: Welsing, R.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Zitzer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on multifrequency observations performed during 2012 December-2013 August of the first narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy detected in gamma rays, PMN J0948+0022 ($z$ = 0.5846). A gamma-ray flare was observed by the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi during 2012 December-2013 January, reaching a daily peak flux in the 0.1-100 GeV energy range of (155 $\pm$ 31) $\times$10$^{-8}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ on 2013 January 1, corresponding to an apparent isotropic luminosity of about 1.5$\times$10$^{48}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The gamma-ray flaring period triggered Swift and VERITAS observations in addition to radio and optical monitoring by OVRO, MOJAVE, and CRTS. A strong flare was observed in optical, UV, and X-rays on 2012 December 30, quasi-simultaneously to the gamma-ray flare, reaching a record flux for this source from optical to gamma rays. VERITAS observations at very high energy (E > 100 GeV) during 2013 January 6-17 resulted in an upper limit of F (> 0.2 TeV) < 4.0$\times$10$^{-12}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. We compared the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the flaring state in 2013 January with that of an intermediate state observed in 2011. The two SEDs, modelled as synchrotron emission and an external Compton scattering of seed photons from a dust torus, can be modelled by changing both the electron distribution parameters and the magnetic field.
description: 13 pages, 5 Figures, 5 Tables. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Heptameric Targeting Ligands against EGFR and HER2 with High Stability and Avidity
Creators: name: Kim, Dongwook
name: Yan, Yitang
name: Liu, Rihe
name: Valencia, C. Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Multivalency of targeting ligands provides significantly increased binding strength towards their molecular targets. Here, we report the development of a novel heptameric targeting system, with general applications, constructed by fusing a target-binding domain with the heptamerization domain of the Archaeal RNA binding protein Sm1 through a flexible hinge peptide. The previously reported affibody molecules against EGFR and HER2, ZEGFR and ZHER2, were used as target binding moieties. The fusion molecules were highly expressed in E. coli as soluble proteins and efficiently self-assembled into multimeric targeting ligands with the heptamer as the predominant form. We demonstrated that the heptameric molecules were resistant to protease-mediated digestion or heat- and SDS-induced denaturation. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis showed that both heptameric ZEGFR and ZHER2 ligands have a significantly enhanced binding strength to their target receptors with a nearly 100 to 1000 fold increase relative to the monomeric ligands. Cellular binding assays showed that heptameric ligands maintained their target-binding specificities similar to the monomeric forms towards their respective receptor. The non-toxic property of each heptameric ligand was demonstrated by the cell proliferation assay. In general,, the heptamerization strategy we describe here could be applied to the facile and efficient engineering of other protein domain- or short peptide-based affinity molecules to acquire significantly improved target-binding strengths with potential applications in the targeted delivery of various imaging or therapeutic agents..
A simple and robust method to study after-pulses in Silicon Photomultipliers
Creators: name: Caccia, Massimo
name: Santoro, Romualdo
name: Stanizzi, Giovanni Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The after-pulsing probability in Silicon Photomulti- pliers and its time constant are obtained measuring the mean number of photo-electrons in a variable time window following a light pulse. The method, experimentally simple and statistically robust due to the use of the Central Limit Theorem, has been applied to an HAMAMATSU MPPC S10362-11-100C.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted aurone derivatives as potential tyrosinase inhibitors: in vitro, kinetic, QSAR, docking and drug-likeness studies
Creators: name: Alshaye, Najla A.
name: Mughal, Ehsan Ullah
name: Elkaeed, Eslam B.
name: Ashraf, Zaman
name: Kehili, Sana
name: Nazir, Yasir
name: Naeem, Nafeesa
name: Majeed, Nida Abdul
name: Sadiq, Amina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Tyrosinase enzyme plays an essential role in melanin biosynthesis and enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables. To discover potent tyrosinase inhibitors, the present studies were undertaken. In this context, synthetic aurone derivatives 26–50 were designed, synthesized, and structurally elucidated by various spectroscopic techniques including IR, UV, 1H- & 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry. The target compounds 26–50 were screened for their anti-tyrosinase inhibitory potential, and thus kinetic mechanism was analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots. All target compounds exhibited good to excellent IC50 values in the range of 7.12 ± 0.32 μM to 66.82 ± 2.44 μM. These synthesized aurone derivatives were found as potent tyrosinase inhibitors relative to the standard kojic acid (IC50 = 16.69 ± 2.81 μM) and the compound 39 inhibited tyrosinase non-competitively (Ki = 11.8 μM) by forming an enzyme-inhibitor complex. The binding modes of these molecules were ascribed through molecular docking studies against tyrosinase protein (PDB ID: 2Y9X). The quantitative structure-activity relationship studies displayed a good correlation between 26–50 structures and their anti-tyrosinase activity (IC50) with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9926. The computational studies were coherent with experimental results and these ligands exhibited good binding values against tyrosinase and interacted with core residues of target protein. Moreover, the drug-likeness analysis also showed that some compounds have a linear correlation with Lipinski’s rule of five, indicating good drug-likeness and bioactivity scores for pharmacological targets. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
ANALYSIS OF MX/G/1 QUEUE WITH OPTIONAL SECOND SERVICE, FEEDBACK AND BERNOULLI VACATION
Creators: name: S. Karpagam
name: B. Somasundaram
name: A. Kavin Sagana Mary
name: R. Lokesh
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: Optional second service
Feedback
Bernoulli vacation

description: In this article the single-server queue situation described with batch arrivals, a mandatory first service and a choice of second service are provided to the customers. A general distribution governs the service times, whereas a compound Poisson distribution follows customer arrivals. Although each new customer requests the first mandatory service, only some of them choose the optional second service. Customers who are dissatisfied with mandatory service are more likely to get the required services later on. After every service is finished, the server might choose to go on Bernoulli vacation. Time dependent probability generating functions are constructed in terms of Laplace transforms using the supplementary variable approach, and explicit results are obtained for the steady state. Additionally, mean waiting time and mean queue length expressions are examined. The graphical and numerical representations improve comprehension of the results even further.
Elucidating the mutational impact in causing Niemann–Pick disease type C: an in silico approach
Creators: name: Kannan, Priyanka
name: Kumar, Madhana Priya Nanda
name: Rathinam, Nithya
name: Kumar, D Thirumal
name: Ramasamy, Magesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Niemann–Pick disease type C is a rare autosomal recessive of lysosomal storage disorder characterized by impaired intracellular lipid transport and has a tendency to accumulate the fatty acids and glycosphingolipids in a variety of neurovisceral tissues. This work includes computational tools to deciphere the mutational effect in NPC protein. The study initiated with the collection of 471 missense mutations from various databases, which were then analyzed using computational tools. The mutations (G549V, F703S, Q775P and L1244P) were said to be disease associated, altering the biophysical properties, in highly conserved regions and reduces the stability using several in silico methods and were subjected to molecular docking analysis. To analyze the ligand (Itraconazole: a small molecule of antifungal drug class, which is known to inhibit cholesterol export from lysosomes) activity Molecular docking study was performed for all the complex proteins. The average binding affinity was taken and found to be −10.76 kcal/mol (native) and −11.06 kcal/mol (Q775P was located in transmembrane region IV which impacts the sterol-sensing domain of the NPC1 protein and associated with a severe infantile neurological form). Finally, molecular dynamic simulation was performed in duplicate and trajectories were built for the backbone of the RMSD, RMSF, the number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, the radius of gyration and the SSE percent for both the complex proteins. This work contributes to understand the effectiveness and may provide an insight on the stability of the drug with the complex variant structures. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
High Basal Activity of the PTPN22 Gain-of-Function Variant Blunts Leukocyte Responsiveness Negatively Affecting IL-10 Production in ANCA Vasculitis
Creators: name: Yang, Jiajin
name: Jennette, J. Charles
name: Cao, Yali
name: Falk, Ronald J.
name: Hu, Yichun
name: Berg, Elisabeth A.
name: Preston, Gloria A.
name: Jennette, Caroline E.
name: Colby, Kerry
name: Hogan, Susan L.
name: Zhang, Youkang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Consequences of expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 22 (PTPN22) gain-of-function variant were evaluated in leukocytes from patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) disease. The frequency of the gain-of-function allele within the Caucasian patient cohort was 22% (OR 1.45), compared to general American Caucasian population (16.5%, p = 0.03). Examination of the basal phosphatase activity of PTPN22 gain-of-function protein indicated persistently elevated activity in un-stimulated peripheral leukocytes, while basal activity was undetectable in leukocytes from patients without the gain-of-function variant. To examine consequences of persistently high PTPN22 activity, the activation status of ERK and p38 MAPK were analyzed. While moderate levels of activated ERK were observed in controls, it was undetectable in leukocytes expressing PTPN22 gain-of-function protein and instead p38MAPK was up-regulated. IL-10 transcription, reliant on the ERK pathway, was negatively affected. Over the course of disease, patients expressing variant PTPN22 did not show a spike in IL-10 transcription as they entered remission in contrast to controls, implying that environmentally triggered signals were blunted. Sustained activity of PTPN22, due to the gain-of-function mutation, acts as a dominant negative regulator of ERK activity leading to blunted cellular responsiveness to environmental stimuli and expression of protective cytokines.
Angular Density Perturbations to Filled Type I Strong Explosions
Creators: name: Yalinewich, Almog
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we extend the Sedov - Taylor - Von Neumann model for a strong explosion to account for small angular and radial variations in the density. We assume that the density profile is given by $ρ\left(r,θ,ϕ\right)=kr^{-ω}\left(1+\varepsilon\left(\frac{r}{r_{0}}\right)^{q}Y_{lm}\left(θ,ϕ\right)\right)$, where $\varepsilon\ll1$ and $ω\le\frac{7-γ}{γ+1}$. In order to verify our results we compare them to analytical approximations and full hydrodynamic simulations. We demonstrate how this method can be used to describe arbitrary (not just self similar) angular perturbations. This work complements our previous analysis on radial, spherically symmetric perturbations, and allows one to calculate the response of an explosion to arbitrary perturbations in the upstream density. Together, they settle an age old controversy about the inner boundary conditions
description: Submitted to Physics of Fluids
High HIV Incidence and Sexual Behavior Change among Pregnant Women in Lilongwe, Malawi: Implications for the Risk of HIV Acquisition
Creators: name: Moses, Agnes
name: Miller, William C.
name: Hoffman, Irving F.
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Keating, Maria A.
name: Hamela, Gloria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundHIV incidence is higher among pregnant women than their non-pregnant counterparts in some sub-Saharan African settings. Our aims were (1) to estimate HIV incidence during pregnancy and (2) to compare sexual activity between pregnant, postpartum, and non-pregnant women.MethodsWe examined a retrospective cohort of 1087 women to identify seroconverters using antenatal and labor ward HIV test results. We also conducted a cross-sectional survey, including a quantitative questionnaire (n = 200) and in-depth interviews (n = 20) among women in early pregnancy, late pregnancy, postpartum, and non-pregnancy. Outcomes included measures of sexual activity, reported spouse’s risky behavior, and beliefs about abstinence.Results11 of 1087 women seroconverted during pregnancy yielding a 1% seroconversion risk and an incidence rate of 4.0/100 person years (95% CI 2.2–7.2). The reported sexual activity of the early pregnancy and non-pregnancy groups was similar, but significantly higher than the late pregnancy and postpartum groups (p<0.001). During pregnancy, sex acts decreased as gestation increased (p = 0.001). There was no reported difference in the spouse’s risky behavior. Most women believed that sex should cease between the 6th and 8th month of pregnancy and should not resume until 6 months postpartum. Some talked about conflict between their cultural obligation to abstain and fear of HIV infection if their spouses find other partners.ConclusionsHIV incidence is high among pregnant women in Malawi, and sexual activity decreases during pregnancy and postpartum. Pregnant women need to be informed of their increased risk for HIV and the importance of using condoms throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period.
The orbital evolution of Atira asteroids
Creators: name: Lai, Hsuan-Ting
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroids having perihelion distance $q$ $<$ 1.3 AU are classified as near-Earth objects (NEOs), which are divided into different sub-groups: Vatira-class, Atira-class, Aten-class, Apollo-class, and Amor-class. 2020 $AV_2$, the first Vatira (Orbiting totally inside Venus' orbit) was discovered by the Twilight project of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) on January 4, 2020. Upon the discovery of 2020 $AV_2$, a couple of orbital studies of the short-term orbital evolution of 2020 $AV_2$ have been performed and published (e.g. de la Fuente Marcos & de la Fuente Marcos 2020; Greenstreet 2020). In this present work, we performed an assessment of the long-term orbital evolution of known near-Earth objects and known Atiras under the Yarkovsky effect by using the \textit{Mercury6} N-body code. We considered not only planetary gravitational perturbation but also the non-gravitational Yarkovsky effect. Our calculation shows that the NEOs have generally two dynamical populations, one short-lived and the other long-lived. From our calculation, the transfer probabilities of Atira-class asteroids to Vatira-class asteroids for the first transition are $\sim$13.1 $\pm$ 0.400, $\sim$13.05 $\pm$ 0.005, and $\sim$ 13.25 $\pm$ 0.450 $\%$ for different values of the Yarkovsky force (i.e. obliquity of 0, 90, and 180 deg.), respectively. It suggests that the radiation force may play some role in the long-term evolution of this asteroid population. Finally, our statistical study implicates that there should be 8.14 $\pm$ 0.133 Atira-class asteroids and 1.05 $\pm$ 0.075 Vatira-asteroids of the S-type taxonomy.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
ANALYSIS OF RELIABILITY OF TYPICAL POWER SUPPLY CIRCUITS
Creators: name: S.V. Rzayeva
name: N.M. Piriyeva
name: I.A. Guseynova
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: electrical power systems
reliability indicators
cross-section classes
typical circuits

description: This article is devoted to the analysis of the reliability of typical power supply circuits. The question of what factors have the greatest impact on the reliability of power supply circuits, as well as what methods and tools are used to analyze and improve their reliability is considered. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of various types of power supply schemes and the determination of their advantages and disadvantages in terms of reliability. The article also discusses current trends and developments in the field of increasing the reliability of power supply and possible ways to optimize existing circuits. The results obtained can be useful for specialists in the field of power engineering and electrical engineering in the design, maintenance and modernization of power supply systems.
Fannie Mae National Housing Survey Monthly Key Indicators-March, 2014 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); change in income (1); household expenses (1).
Discriminating Between Cloudy, Hazy and Clearsky Exoplanets Using Refraction
Creators: name: Misra, Amit
name: Meadows, Victoria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to distinguish between cloudy, hazy and clearsky (free of clouds and hazes) exoplanet atmospheres that could be applicable to upcoming large aperture space and ground-based telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). These facilities will be powerful tools for characterizing transiting exoplanets, but only after a considerable amount of telescope time is devoted to a single planet. A technique that could provide a relatively rapid means of identifying haze-free targets (which may be more valuable targets for characterization) could potentially increase the science return for these telescopes. Our proposed method utilizes broadband observations of refracted light in the out-of-transit spectrum. Light refracted through an exoplanet atmosphere can lead to an increase of flux prior to ingress and subsequent to egress. Because this light is transmitted at pressures greater than those for typical cloud and haze layers, the detection of refracted light could indicate a cloud- or haze-free atmosphere. A detection of refracted light could be accomplished in <10 hours for Jovian exoplanets with JWST and <5 hours for Super-Earths/Mini-Neptunes with E-ELT. We find that this technique is most effective for planets with equilibrium temperatures between 200 and 500 K, which may include potentially habitable planets. A detection of refracted light for a potentially habitable planet would strongly suggest the planet was free of a global cloud or haze layer, and therefore a promising candidate for follow-up observations.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Fannie Mae National Housing Survey Monthly Key Indicators-April, 2014 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); change in income (1); household expenses (1).
High-Throughput Screening for Novel Inhibitors of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Penicillin-Binding Protein 2
Creators: name: Nicholas, Robert A.
name: Peterson, Yuri K.
name: Fedarovich, Alena
name: Djordjevic, Kevin A.
name: Davies, Christopher
name: Swanson, Shauna M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The increasing prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae strains exhibiting decreased susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins and the recent isolation of two distinct strains with high-level resistance to cefixime or ceftriaxone heralds the possible demise of β-lactam antibiotics as effective treatments for gonorrhea. To identify new compounds that inhibit penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are proven targets for β-lactam antibiotics, we developed a high-throughput assay that uses fluorescence polarization (FP) to distinguish the fluorescent penicillin, Bocillin-FL, in free or PBP-bound form. This assay was used to screen a 50,000 compound library for potential inhibitors of N. gonorrhoeae PBP 2, and 32 compounds were identified that exhibited >50% inhibition of Bocillin-FL binding to PBP 2. These included a cephalosporin that provided validation of the assay. After elimination of compounds that failed to exhibit concentration-dependent inhibition, the antimicrobial activity of the remaining 24 was tested. Of these, 7 showed antimicrobial activity against susceptible and penicillin- or cephalosporin-resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae. In molecular docking simulations using the crystal structure of PBP 2, two of these inhibitors docked into the active site of the enzyme and each mediate interactions with the active site serine nucleophile. This study demonstrates the validity of a FP-based assay to find novel inhibitors of PBPs and paves the way for more comprehensive high-throughput screening against highly resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae. It also provides a set of lead compounds for optimization of anti-gonococcal agents.
Galactic settlement of low-mass stars as a resolution to the Fermi paradox
Creators: name: Haqq-Misra, Jacob
name: Fauchez, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An expanding civilization could rapidly spread through the galaxy, so the absence of extraterrestrial settlement in the solar system implies that such expansionist civilizations do not exist. This argument, often referred to as the Fermi paradox, typically assumes that expansion would proceed uniformly through the galaxy, but not all stellar types may be equally useful for a long-lived civilization. We suggest that low-mass stars, and K-dwarf stars in particular, would be ideal migration locations for civilizations that originate in a G-dwarf system. We use a modified form of the Drake Equation to show that expansion across all low-mass stars could be accomplished in 2 Gyr, which includes waiting time between expansion waves to allow for a close approach of a suitable destination star. This would require interstellar travel capabilities of no more than ~0.3 ly to settle all M-dwarfs and ~2 ly to settle all K-dwarfs. Even more rapid expansion could occur within 2 Myr, with travel requirements of ~10 ly to settle all M-dwarfs and ~50 ly to settle all K-dwarfs. The search for technosignatures in exoplanetary systems can help to place constraints on the presence of such a "low-mass Galactic Club" in the galaxy today.
description: Accepted by the Astronomical Journal
Fannie Mae National Housing Survey Monthly Key Indicators-May, 2014 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); change in income (1); household expenses (1).
ANALYSIS OF NON-MARKOVIAN BATCH ARRIVAL RETRIAL QUEUE WITH PRIORITY SERVICES, IMMEDIATE FEEDBACK, PUSH OUT, DIFFERENTIATED BREAKDOWNS, DELAYED REPAIR, RANDOMIZED VACATION
Creators: name: G. Ayyappan
name: S. Nithya
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: Batch Arrivals
Priority Queues
Immediate Feedback
Push out
Differentiated Breakdowns
Delayed Repair
Randomized Vacation

description: Priority and ordinary customers arrive according to Poisson processes, and their service time based on the general distribution. The server constantly offers a single service for both priority and ordinary customers. We compute the Laplace transforms of the time-dependent probabilities of system states using the probability generating function and supplementary variable technique. Numerical results are obtained which are also examined to facilitate the sensitivity analysis of system descriptions.
HPV Genotypes in High Grade Cervical Lesions and Invasive Cervical Carcinoma as Detected by Two Commercial DNA Assays, North Carolina, 2001–2006
Creators: name: Grant, Kathy L.
name: Hariri, Susan
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Unger, Elizabeth R.
name: Steinau, Martin
name: Ludema, Christina
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Markowitz, Lauri E.
name: Carter, Alicia L.
name: Rinas, Allen
name: McDermott, James E.
name: Bamberg, Melanie
name: Gargano, Julia W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundHPV typing using formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cervical tissue is used to evaluate HPV vaccine impact, but DNA yield and quality in FFPE specimens can negatively affect test results. This study aimed to evaluate 2 commercial assays for HPV detection and typing using FFPE cervical specimens.MethodsFour large North Carolina pathology laboratories provided FFPE specimens from 299 women ages18 and older diagnosed with cervical disease from 2001 to 2006. For each woman, one diagnostic block was selected and unstained serial sections were prepared for DNA typing. Extracts from samples with residual lesion were used to detect and type HPV using parallel and serial testing algorithms with the Linear Array and LiPA HPV genotyping assays.FindingsLA and LiPA concordance was 0.61 for detecting any high-risk (HR) and 0.20 for detecting any low-risk (LR) types, with significant differences in marginal proportions for HPV16, 51, 52, and any HR types. Discordant results were most often LiPA-positive, LA-negative. The parallel algorithm yielded the highest prevalence of any HPV type (95.7%). HR type prevalence was similar using parallel (93.1%) and serial (92.1%) approaches. HPV16, 33, and 52 prevalence was slightly lower using the serial algorithm, but the median number of HR types per woman (1) did not differ by algorithm. Using the serial algorithm, HPV DNA was detected in >85% of invasive and >95% of pre-invasive lesions. The most common type was HPV16, followed by 52, 18, 31, 33, and 35; HPV16/18 was detected in 56.5% of specimens. Multiple HPV types were more common in lower grade lesions.ConclusionsWe developed an efficient algorithm for testing and reporting results of two commercial assays for HPV detection and typing in FFPE specimens, and describe HPV type distribution in pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions in a state-based sample prior to HPV vaccine introduction.
Entangled Entanglement: The Geometry of GHZ States
Creators: name: Uchida, Gabriele
name: Bertlmann, Reinhold A.
name: Hiesmayr, Beatrix C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The familiar Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states can be rewritten by entangling the Bell states for two qubits with a state of the third qubit, which is dubbed entangled entanglement. We show that in this way we obtain all 8 independent GHZ states that form the simplex of entangled entanglement, the magic simplex. The construction procedure allows a generalization to higher dimensions both, in the degrees of freedom (considering qudits) as well as in the number of particles (considering n-partite states). Such bases of GHZ-type states exhibit a certain geometry that is relevant for experimental and quantum information theoretic applications. Furthermore, we study the geometry of these particular state spaces, the inherent symmetries, the cyclicity of the phase operations, and the regions of (genuine multi-partite) entanglement and the several classes of separability. We find non-trivial geometrical properties and a conceptually clear procedure to compare state spaces of different dimensions and number of particles.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Fannie Mae National Housing Survey Monthly Key Indicators-June, 2014 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); change in income (1); household expenses (1).
Identification of a Novel Actin-Binding Domain within the Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor TEM4
Creators: name: Mitin, Natalia
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Rossman, Kent L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Spatio-temporal activation of Rho GTPases is essential for their function in a variety of biological processes and is achieved in part by regulating the localization of their activators, the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs). In this study, we provide the first characterization of the full-length protein encoded by RhoGEF TEM4 and delineate its domain structure, catalytic activity, and subcellular localization. First, we determined that TEM4 can stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange on RhoA and the related RhoB and RhoC isoforms. Second, we determined that TEM4, like other Dbl RhoGEFs, contains a functional pleckstrin homology (PH) domain immediately C-terminal to the catalytic Dbl homology (DH) domain. Third, using immunofluorescence analysis, we showed that TEM4 localizes to the actin cytoskeleton through sequences in the N-terminus of TEM4 independently of the DH/PH domains. Using site-directed mutagenesis and deletion analysis, we identified a minimal region between residues 81 and 135 that binds directly to F-actin and has an ∼90-fold higher affinity for ATP-loaded F-actin. Finally, we demonstrated that a single point mutation (R130D) within full-length TEM4 abolishes actin binding and localization of TEM4 to the actin cytoskeleton, as well as dampens the in vivo activity of TEM4 towards RhoC. Taken together, our data demonstrate that TEM4 contains a novel actin binding domain and binding to actin is essential for TEM4 subcellular localization and activity. The unique subcellular localization of TEM4 suggests a spatially-restricted activity and expands the diversity of mechanisms by which RhoGEF function can be regulated.
ANALYSIS OF SINGLE SERVER FEEDBACK RETRIAL QUEUE WITH BERNOULLI WORKING VACATION AND STARTING FAILURE
Creators: name: Keerthiga, S.
name: Indhira, K.
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2024
Subjects: Retrial queues
Feedback
Supplementary variable technique
Starting Failure and Working Vacation
ANFIS

description: The suggested queueing model describes a single-server feedback retrial queueing system with starting failure, Bernoulli working vacation and vacation interruptions. The server departs on a working vacation as soon as orbit is empty. During the working vacation period, the server provides a slower level of service. The supplementary variable method was utilized to determine the steady-state probability-generating functions for the system and its orbit. If there are consumers in the system at the end of each vacation, the server becomes idle and ready to serve new customers. The average busy time and the average busy cycle are presented as important system performance indicators. Additionally, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system has compared the numerical results with the neuro-fuzzy results. Finally, particle swarm optimization (PSO) were utilized to obtain the best (optimal) cost for the system in this study. We have examined the convergence of these optimization strategies.
Identification of Regions Involved in Substrate Binding and Dimer Stabilization within the Central Domains of Yeast Hsp40 Sis1
Creators: name: Ramos, Carlos H. I.
name: Seraphim, Thiago V.
name: Mokry, David Z.
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Borges, Júlio C.
name: Almeida, Fabio C. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Protein folding, refolding and degradation are essential for cellular life and are regulated by protein homeostatic processes such those that involve the molecular chaperone DnaK/Hsp70 and its co-chaperone DnaJ. Hsp70 action is initiated when proteins from the DnaJ family bind an unfolded protein for delivery purposes. In eukaryotes, the DnaJ family can be divided into two main groups, Type I and Type II, represented by yeast cytosolic Ydj1 and Sis1, respectively. Although sharing some unique features both members of the DnaJ family, Ydj1 and Sis1 are structurally and functionally distinct as deemed by previous studies, including the observation that their central domains carry the structural and functional information even in switched chimeras. In this study, we combined several biophysical tools for evaluating the stability of Sis1 and mutants that had the central domains (named Gly/Met rich domain and C-terminal Domain I) deleted or switched to those of Ydj1 to gain insight into the role of these regions in the structure and function of Sis1. The mutants retained some functions similar to full length wild-type Sis1, however they were defective in others. We found that: 1) Sis1 unfolds in at least two steps as follows: folded dimer to partially folded monomer and then to an unfolded monomer. 2) The Gly/Met rich domain had intrinsically disordered characteristics and its deletion had no effect on the conformational stability of the protein. 3) The deletion of the C-terminal Domain I perturbed the stability of the dimer. 4) Exchanging the central domains perturbed the conformational stability of the protein. Altogether, our results suggest the existence of two similar subdomains in the C-terminal domain of DnaJ that could be important for stabilizing each other in order to maintain a folded substrate-binding site as well as the dimeric state of the protein.