cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Top dimensional group of the basic intersection cohomology for singular riemannian foliations
Creators: name: Prieto, J. I. Royo
name: Saralegi-Aranguren, M.
name: Wolak, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R30

description: It is known that, for a regular riemannian foliation on a compact manifold, the properties of its basic cohomology (non-vanishing of the top-dimensional group and Poincaré Duality) and the tautness of the foliation are closely related. If we consider singular riemannian foliations, there is little or no relation between these properties. We present an example of a singular isometric flow for which the top dimensional basic cohomology group is non-trivial, but its basic cohomology does not satisfy the Poincaré Duality property. We recover this property in the basic intersection cohomology. It is not by chance that the top dimensional basic intersection cohomology groups of the example are isomorphic to either 0 or $\mathbb{R}$. We prove in this Note that this holds for any singular riemannian foliation of a compact connected manifold. As a Corollary, we get that the tautness of the regular stratum of the singular riemannian foliation can be detected by the basic intersection cohomology.
description: 11 pages. Accepted for publication in the Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences
THE IMPACT OF CREDIT ON GROUNDWATER USE - RECENT EVIDENCE FROM INDIA
Creators: name: Narayan, Tulika A.
name: Narayan, Tulika A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: An estimate of the impact of credit constraints on groundwater use is obtained from a structural estimation of groundwater demand for Haryana, India. A switching regression model is estimated with separate equations for different groundwater technology types, which yields some interesting results. The farmers who use electric pumps are found to have a positive effect of credit constraints on groundwater use. This implies that with better access to credit, groundwater use would in fact decrease for farmers who are credit constrained. It is argued that this is a result of the electricity-pricing scheme under which farmers pay a flat price for electricity making the per unit price for groundwater very low relative to other inputs. Interestingly, the paper finds evidence that farmers who rely solely on purchased groundwater and therefore who pay full price for groundwater, have a negative impact of credit constraints: farmers who are more likely to be credit constrained demand less groundwater.
WATER RIGHTS HETEROGENEITY AND PRICE DETERMINATION: HOW MARKET AND PRODUCT ATTRIBUTES AFFECT AGRICULTURAL WATER MARKET PRICES
Creators: name: Hadjigeorgalis, Ereney
name: Hadjigeorgalis, Ereney
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This research aims to further the understanding of price behavior in predominantly agricultural water markets through a hedonic estimation of the impact of market and product attributes on water rights prices in the Cachapoal River Valley of South-Central Chile. It is hypothesized that the price of a water right in the valley is primarily a function of the reliability of that water right (product attribute) and the increasing relative scarcity of water in the valley (market attribute). This article aims to test the joint hypotheses that reliability and relatively scarcity positively affect water rights prices. In addition, it will estimate the magnitude of these product and market attributes on market prices.
Lithium and Beryllium in the Gaia-Enceladus Galaxy
Creators: name: Molaro, Paolo
name: Cescutti, Gabriele
name: Fu, Xiaoting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from Gaia DR2 and APOGEE surveys revealed a relatively new component in the inner Galactic halo, which is likely the dynamical remnant of a disrupted dwarf galaxy named Gaia-Enceladus that collided with the Milky Way about 10 Gyrs ago. This merging event offers an extraordinary opportunity to study chemical abundances of elements in a dwarf galaxy, since they are generally hampered in external galaxies. Here, we focus on Li and Be in dwarf stars which are out of reach even in Local Group galaxies.Searching in GALAH, Gaia-ESO survey and in literature, we found several existing 7Li abundance determinations of stars belonging to the Gaia-Enceladus galaxy. The 7Li abundances of stars at the low metallicity end overlap with those of the Galactic halo.These are effective extragalactic 7Li measurements, which suggest that the {\it Spite plateau} is universal, as is the cosmological Li problem. We found a Li-rich giant out of 101 stars, which suggests a small percentage similar to that of the Milky Way. We also collect 9Be abundances for a subsample of 25 Gaia-Enceladus stars from literature. Their abundances share the Galactic [Be/H] values at the low metallicity end but grow slower with [Fe/H] and show a reduced dispersion. This suggests that the scatter observed in the Milky Way could reflect the different \beix\ evolution patterns of different stellar components which are mixed-up in the Galactic halo.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Accepted MNRAS
ESTIMATING THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL FOR OFF-FARM MANURE PROCESSING
Creators: name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Breneman, Vincent E.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Breneman, Vincent E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A Chesapeake Bay Watershed manure management model estimates the minimal regional cost of land applying manure at $110 to $130 million, depending on crop producer's willingness to accept manure and the nutrient standard enforced. Annualized capital costs of existing industrial plants indicate that off-farm options should be considered.
Noether Symmetries and Critical Exponents
Creators: name: Bozhkov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that all Lie point symmetries of various classes of nonlinear differential equations involving critical nonlinearities are variational/divergence symmetries.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
C$^3$-Cluster Clustering Cosmology I. New constraints on the cosmic growth rate at z~0.3 from redshift-space clustering anisotropies
Creators: name: Marulli, Federico
name: Veropalumbo, Alfonso
name: García-Farieta, Jorge Enrique
name: Moresco, Michele
name: Moscardini, Lauro
name: Cimatti, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Redshift-space distortions in the clustering of galaxy clusters provide a novel probe to test the gravity theory on cosmological scales. The aim of this work is to derive new constraints on the linear growth rate of cosmic structures from the redshift-space two-point correlation function of galaxy clusters. We construct a large spectroscopic catalogue of optically-selected clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The selected sample consists of $43,743$ clusters in the redshift range $0.1
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Magnetic Susceptibility: Solutions, Emulsions, and Cells
Creators: name: Kuchel, P. W.
name: Chapman, B. E.
name: Bubb, W. A.
name: Hansen, P. E.
name: Durrant, C. J.
name: Hertzberg, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differences in magnetic susceptibility between various compartments in heterogeneous samples can introduce unanticipated complications to NMR spectra. On the other hand, an understanding of these effects at the level of the underlying physical principles has led to the development of several experimental techniques that provide data on cellular function that are unique to NMR spectroscopy. To illustrate some key features of susceptibility effects we present, among a more general overview, results obtained with red blood cells and a recently described model system involving diethyl phthalate in water. This substance forms a relatively stable emulsion in water and yet it has a significant solubility of 5 mmol/L at room temperature; thus, the NMR spectrum has twice as many resonances as would be expected for a simple solution. What determines the relative intensities of the two families of peaks and can their frequencies be manipulated experimentally in a predictable way? The theory used to interpret the NMR spectra from the model system and cells was first developed in the context of electrostatics nearly a century ago, and yet some of its underlying assumptions now warrant closer scrutiny. While this insight is used in a practical way in this article, the accompanying article deals with the mathematics and physics behind this new analysis.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, v2: updated to resemble the published version
Fluctuation-Dissipation Relation for Open Quantum Systems in Nonequilibrium Steady State
Creators: name: Hsiang, Jen-Tsung
name: Hu, Bei-Lok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuing our work on the nature and existence of fluctuation-dissipation relations (FDR) in linear and nonlinear open quantum systems [1-3], here we consider such relations when a linear system is in a nonequilibrium steady state (NESS). With the model of two-oscillators (considered as a short harmonic chain with the two ends) each connected to a thermal bath of different temperatures we find that when the chain is fully relaxed due to interaction with the baths, the relation that connects the noise kernel and the imaginary part of the dissipation kernel of the chain in one bath does not assume the conventional form for the FDR in equilibrium cases. There exists an additional term we call the `bias current' that depends on the difference of the bath's initial temperatures and the inter-oscillator coupling strength. We further show that this term is related to the steady heat flow between the two baths when the system is in NESS. The ability to know the real-time development of the inter-heat exchange (between the baths and the end-oscillators) and the intra-heat transfer (within the chain) and their dependence on the parameters in the system offers possibilities for quantifiable control and in the design of quantum heat engines or thermal devices.
description: 18 pages
Renormalization of the ETAS branching model of triggered seismicity from total to observable seismicity
Creators: name: Saichev, A.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent works point out that the crowd of small unobservable earthquakes (with magnitudes below the detection threshold $m_d$) may play a significant and perhaps dominant role in triggering future seismicity. Using the ETAS branching model of triggered seismicity, we apply the formalism of generating probability functions to investigate how the statistical properties of observable earthquakes differ from the statistics of all events. The ETAS (epidemic-type aftershock sequence) model assumes that each earthquake can trigger other earthquakes (``aftershocks''). An aftershock sequence results in this model from the cascade of aftershocks of each past earthquake. The triggering efficiency of earthquakes is assumed to vanish below a lower magnitude limit $m_0$, in order to ensure the convergence of the theory and may reflect the physics of state-and-velocity frictional rupture. We show that, to a good approximation, the ETAS model is renormalized onto itself under what amounts to a decimation procedure $m_0 \to m_d$, with just a renormalization of the branching ratio from $n$ to an effective value $n(m_d)$. Our present analysis thus confirms, for the full statistical properties, the results obtained previously by one of us and Werner, based solely on the average seismic rates (the first-order moment of the statistics). However, our analysis also demonstrates that this renormalization is not exact, as there are small corrections which can be systematically calculated, in terms of additional contributions that can be mapped onto a different branching model (a new relevant direction in the language of the renormalization group).
description: 41 pages including 8 figures
Smartphone Sensors for Modeling Human-Computer Interaction: General Outlook and Research Datasets for User Authentication
Creators: name: Acien, Alejandro
name: Morales, Aythami
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Fierrez, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we list the sensors commonly available in modern smartphones and provide a general outlook of the different ways these sensors can be used for modeling the interaction between human and smartphones. We then provide a taxonomy of applications that can exploit the signals originated by these sensors in three different dimensions, depending on the main information content embedded in the signals exploited in the application: neuromotor skills, cognitive functions, and behaviors/routines. We then summarize a representative selection of existing research datasets in this area, with special focus on applications related to user authentication, including key features and a selection of the main research results obtained on them so far. Then, we perform the experimental work using the HuMIdb database (Human Mobile Interaction database), a novel multimodal mobile database that includes 14 mobile sensors captured from 600 participants. We evaluate a biometric authentication system based on simple linear touch gestures using a Siamese Neural Network architecture. Very promising results are achieved with accuracies up to 87% for person authentication based on a simple and fast touch gesture.
Signatures of spin-related phases in transport through regular polygons
Creators: name: Bercioux, Dario
name: Frustaglia, Diego
name: Governale, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the subject of transport in one-dimensional ballistic polygon loops subject to Rashba spin-orbit coupling. We identify the role played by the polygon vertices in the accumulation of spin-related phases by studying interference effects as a function of the spin-orbit coupling strength. We find that the vertices act as strong spin-scattering centers that hinder the developing of Aharovov-Casher and Berry phases. In particular, we show that the oscillation frequency of interference pattern can be doubled by modifying the shape of the loop from a square to a circle.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. B
New Physics without bias: Charming Penguins and Lepton Universality Violation in $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays
Creators: name: Ciuchini, Marco
name: Fedele, Marco
name: Franco, Enrico
name: Paul, Ayan
name: Silvestrini, Luca
name: Valli, Mauro
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: new physics
lepton: flavor: universality
lepton: universality: violation
B: semileptonic decay
B: branching ratio: ratio
decay: flavor changing
Feynman graph: penguin
helicity: dependence
helicity: amplitude analysis
amplitude analysis: penguin
B+ --> K+ lepton antilepton
B0 --> K0(S) lepton antilepton
B0 --> K*(892)0 lepton antilepton

description: The LHCb experiment has very recently presented new results on Lepton Universality Violation (LUV) in $B \to K^{(*)} \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays involving $K_S$ in the final state, which strengthen the recent evidence of LUV obtained in $B^+ \to K^{+} \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays and the previous measurements of $B \to K^{*0} \ell^+ \ell^-$. While LUV observables in the Standard Model are theoretically clean, their predictions in New Physics scenarios are sensitive to the details of the hadronic dynamics, and in particular of the charming penguin contribution. In this work, we show how a conservative treatment of hadronic uncertainties is crucial not only to assess the significance of deviations from the Standard Model but also to obtain an unbiased picture of the New Physics responsible for LUV. Adopting a very general parameterization of charming penguins, we find that: i) current data hint at a sizable $q^2$ and helicity dependence of charm loop amplitudes; ii) unbiased NP solutions to $B$ anomalies favour a left-handed or an axial lepton coupling rather than a vector one.
The influence of quantum field fluctuations on chaotic dynamics of Yang-Mills system II. The role of the centrifugal term
Creators: name: Kuvshinov, V. I.
name: Kuzmin, A. V.
name: Piatrou, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have considered SU(2)xU(1) gauge field theory describing electroweak interactions. We have demonstrated that centrifugal term in model Hamiltonian increases the region of regular dynamics of Yang-Mills and Higgs fields system at low densities of energy. Also we have found analytically the approximate relation for critical density of energy of the order to chaos transition on centrifugal constant. It is necessary to note that mentioned increase of the region of regular dynamics has linear dependance on the value of the centrifugal constant.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Astyanax surface and cave fish morphs
Creators: name: Jeffery, William R.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2020
Subjects: Astyanax mexicanus
Genetic approach
Development
Behavior
Regeneration
Metabolic processes
Biomedicine
Evolution
Surface fish
Cavefish

description: The small teleost fish Astyanax mexicanus has emerged as an outstanding model for studying many biological topics in the context of evolution. A major attribute is conspecific surface dwelling (surface fish) and blind cave dwelling (cavefish) morphs that can be raised in the laboratory and spawn large numbers of transparent and synchronously developing embryos. More than 30 cavefish populations have been discovered, mostly in northeastern Mexico, and some are thought to have evolved independently from surface fish ancestors, providing excellent models of parallel and convergent evolution. Cavefish have evolved eye and pigmentation regression, as well as modifications in brain morphology, behaviors, heart regenerative capacity, metabolic processes, and craniofacial organization. Thus, the Astyanax model provides researchers with natural “mutants” to study life in the challenging cave environment. The application of powerful genetic approaches based on hybridization between the two morphs and between the different cavefish populations are key advantages for deciphering the developmental and genetic mechanisms regulating trait evolution. QTL analysis has revealed the genetic architectures of gained and lost traits. In addition, some cavefish traits resemble human diseases, offering novel models for biomedical research. Astyanax research is supported by genome assemblies, transcriptomes, tissue and organ transplantation, gene manipulation and editing, and stable transgenesis, and benefits from a welcoming and interactive research community that conducts integrated community projects and sponsors the International Astyanax Meeting (AIM).
GEOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN U.S. DAIRY PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Changes in quantities of milk marketed are analyzed by spatial econometrics using the county-level data, to provide statistical explanations of the recent major geographic shifts in U.S. dairy production. (Revised edition posted August 2002)
RETAIL MEAT MANAGERS' PROFITABILITY EXPECTATIONS FOR IRRADIATED RED MEATS
Creators: name: Gaynor, Joe
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Gaynor, Joe
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper uses data from 40 personal interviews with meat department managers at grocery stores and supermarkets to investigate managers' expectations regarding the profitability potential of irradiated red meats. The study models managers' profitability expectations as function of many attributes and factors, such as the meat manager's or store's characteristics, how familiar the meat manager is with irradiation, and opinions held by the manager regarding irradiation's benefits consumer acceptance. The study also examines how profitability expectations may influence the expected timing of adoption by the manager's retail store, the projected percentage of red meats eventually allocated to irradiated red meats, and merchandising strategies.
Theoretical study of a cold atom beam splitter
Creators: name: Gaaloul, Naceur
name: Suzor-Weiner, Annick
name: Pruvost, Laurence
name: Telmini, Mourad
name: Charron, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical model is presented for the study of the dynamics of a cold atomic cloud falling in the gravity ﬁeld in the presence of two crossing dipole guides. The cloud is split between the two branches of this laser guide, and we compare experimental measurements of the splitting efﬁciency with semiclassical simulations. We then explore the possibilities of optimization of this beam splitter. Our numerical study also gives access to detailed information, such as the atom temperature after the splitting.
The reconstruction of self and society in early postwar Japan 1945-1949
Creators: name: Griffiths, Owen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation examines a moment of unprecedented crisis in Japan's modern history - the crisis of defeat - and the impact it had on the Japanese self-image. Defeat unleashed a wide range of responses, from profound despair (kyodatsu) to a sense of new life (shinsei). Just as the material destruction of defeat defined the landscape of Japan's cities, so too did the coexistence of these two emotions create the psychological ground from which public discussion about Japan's past, present, and future emerged. From these discussions arose two interrelated debates, one concerning who was responsible for war and defeat, and the other focusing on the defects in the national character. In both cases, many Japanese believed that the resolution of these debates was a necessary first step in constructing a peace-loving, democratic nation. The deconstruction of the national character was akin to the process of negation through which many Japanese people believed they could discard the "sins of the past" and move smoothly forward into the new postwar world order. It is in this context that Tanabe Hajime's "philosophy of repentance" (zangedd) is relevant, both as a model and a metaphor for the Japanese attempt to overcome the past. Ultimately, however, Tanabe's road to salvation was not taken by many, partly due to the intellectual difficulty of his message, but also due to the re-emergence of the Emperor whose reconstruction as a symbol of new life circumscribed the public debates over war responsibility and the deconstruction of the national character, leaving unresolved fundamental questions concerning the Japanese peoples' relationship with their own past. Drawing on a broad variety of primary sources, this study explores these debates and the Emperor's resurrection in a brief but intense four-year period after Japan's defeat. Any appreciation of later postwar history must begin from this era. Through the experiences and memories of the "generation of the scorched earth" (yakeato jidai) we can gain new insights into Japan's re-emergence as an economic power, the preoccupation with "new," and the enduring sense of particularism that predominates in Japan today.
Mesodma Jepsen 1940
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Multituberculata
Ptilodontidae
Mesodma

description: MESODMA JEPSEN, 1940
Mesodma JEPSEN, 1940, p. 267.
Mesodma: CLEMENS, 1963b, p. 30.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 367, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
RELATIVE PRICE DYNAMICS AND MONETARY POLICY: EVIDENCE FROM DIRECTED GRAPHS
Creators: name: Awokuse, Titus O.
name: Awokuse, Titus O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper examines the dynamic relationship between monetary policy variables and agricultural prices using alternative VAR-type model specifications. Time series techniques as currently specified in most studies raises issues of misspecification and inferential adequacy because observational (non-experimental) data are being analyzed by estimations techniques better suited for experimental data. Directed graph theory is proposed as an alternative modeling approach to supplement current methods of analyzing agricultural time series.
Ecomorphological divergence and habitat lability in the context of robust patterns of modularity in the cichlid feeding apparatus
Creators: name: Conith, Andrew J.
name: Kidd, Michael R.
name: Kocher, Thomas D.
name: Albertson, R. Craig
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cichlid
Morphometrics
Modularity
Integration
Morphological evolution

description: Adaptive radiations are characterized by extreme and/or iterative phenotypic divergence; however, such variation does not accumulate evenly across an organism. Instead, it is often partitioned into sub-units, or modules, which can differentially respond to selection. While it is recognized that changing the pattern of modularity or the strength of covariation (integration) can influence the range or rate of morphological evolution, the relationship between shape variation and covariation remains unclear. For example, it is possible that rapid phenotypic change requires concomitant changes to the underlying covariance structure. Alternatively, repeated shifts between phenotypic states may be facilitated by a conserved covariance structure. Distinguishing between these scenarios will contribute to a better understanding of the factors that shape biodiversity. Here, we explore these questions using a diverse Lake Malawi cichlid species complex, Tropheops, that appears to partition habitat by depth.
Observation of Electrically Tunable van Hove Singularities in Twisted Bilayer Graphene from nanoARPES
Creators: name: Jones, Alfred J. H.
name: Muzzio, Ryan
name: Majchrzak, Paulina
name: Pakdel, Sahar
name: Curcio, Davide
name: Volckaert, Klara
name: Biswas, Deepnarayan
name: Gobbo, Jacob
name: Singh, Simranjeet
name: Robinson, Jeremy T.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Kim, Timur K.
name: Cacho, Cephise
name: Lanata, Nicola
name: Miwa, Jill A.
name: Hofmann, Philip
name: Katoch, Jyoti
name: Ulstrup, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of triggering correlated phenomena by placing a singularity of the density of states near the Fermi energy remains an intriguing avenue towards engineering the properties of quantum materials. Twisted bilayer graphene is a key material in this regard because the superlattice produced by the rotated graphene layers introduces a van Hove singularity and flat bands near the Fermi energy that cause the emergence of numerous correlated phases, including superconductivity. While the twist angle-dependence of these properties has been explored, direct demonstration of electrostatic control of the superlattice bands over a wide energy range has, so far, been critically missing. This work examines a functional twisted bilayer graphene device using in-operando angle-resolved photoemission with a nano-focused light spot. A twist angle of 12.2$^{\circ}$ is selected such that the superlattice Brillouin zone is sufficiently large to enable identification of van Hove singularities and flat band segments in momentum space. The doping dependence of these features is extracted over an energy range of 0.4 eV, expanding the combinations of twist angle and doping where they can be placed at the Fermi energy and thereby induce new correlated electronic phases in twisted bilayer graphene.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. A revised version of the manuscript has been accepted for publication in Advanced Materials
Flat-Bands on Partial Line Graphs -- Systematic Method for Generating Flat-Band Lattice Structures
Creators: name: Miyahara, Shin
name: Kubo, Kenn
name: Ono, Hiroshi
name: Shimomura, Yoshihiro
name: Furukawa, Nobuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a systematic method for constructing a class of lattice structures that we call ``partial line graphs''.In tight-binding models on partial line graphs, energy bands with flat energy dispersions emerge.This method can be applied to two- and three-dimensional systems. We show examples of partial line graphs of square and cubic lattices. The method is useful in providing a guideline for synthesizing materials with flat energy bands, since the tight-binding models on the partial line graphs provide us a large room for modification, maintaining the flat energy dispersions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
First-principles calculations of the phonon dispersion curves of H on Pt(111)
Creators: name: Hong, Sampyo
name: Rahman, Talat S.
name: Heid, Rolf
name: Bohnen, Klaus Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated the surface phonon dispersion curves for H on Pt(111), using first-principles, total energy calculations based on a mixed-basis set and norm-conserving pseudopotentials. Linear response theory and the harmonic approximation are invoked. For one monolayer of H in the preferred adsorption site (fcc hollow) vibrational modes polarized parallel and perpendicular to the surface are found, respectively, at 73.5 meV and 142.6 meV, at the Γ point of the surface Brillouin zone. The degeneracy of the parallel mode is lifted at the zone boundaries, yielding energies of 69.6 meV and 86.3 meV at the M point and 79.4 meV and 80.8 meV at the K point. The dispersion curves for H adsorption at the hcp hollow site differ only slightly from the above. In either case, H adsorption has considerable impact on the substrate modes; in particular the surface mode in the gap in the bulk phonon spectrum (around M point) is pushed into the bulk band. For on-top H adsorption, modes polarized parallel and perpendicular to the surface have respective energies of 47.4 meV and 277.2 meV, at the Γ point. The former disperses to 49.1 meV and 59.5 meV at the M point and to 56 meV and 56.7 meV at the K point. The H vibrational mode polarized perpendicular to the surface shows little dispersion, in all three cases considered. Insights are obtained from the hybridization of the H and Pt electronic states.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
CATTLE CYCLES, EXPECTATIONS AND THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF CAPITAL
Creators: name: Aadland, David
name: Aadland, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper builds a dynamic forward-looking model describing the approximate ten-year cattle cycle. The theoretical model improves on existing models by (1) allowing cow-calf operators to make investment decisions on both the cow and calf margins, (2) formally recognizing the age distribution of the capital stock, and (3) considering a mixed scheme of rational and naive expectations. The model is then calibrated and used to simulate artificial data that endogenously generates ten-year cycles in the total stock of cattle.
Momentum constraint relaxation
Creators: name: Marronetti, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full relativistic simulations in three dimensions invariably develop runaway modes that grow exponentially and are accompanied by violations of the Hamiltonian and momentum constraints. Recently, we introduced a numerical method (Hamiltonian relaxation) that greatly reduces the Hamiltonian constraint violation and helps improve the quality of the numerical model. We present here a method that controls the violation of the momentum constraint. The method is based on the addition of a longitudinal component to the traceless extrinsic curvature generated by a vector potential w_i, as outlined by York. The components of w_i are relaxed to solve approximately the momentum constraint equations, pushing slowly the evolution toward the space of solutions of the constraint equations. We test this method with simulations of binary neutron stars in circular orbits and show that effectively controls the growth of the aforementioned violations. We also show that a full numerical enforcement of the constraints, as opposed to the gentle correction of the momentum relaxation scheme, results in the development of instabilities that stop the runs shortly.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. New numerical tests and references added. More detailed description of the algorithms are provided. Final published version
Exemplary Merging Clusters: Weak-lensing and X-ray Analysis of the Double Radio Relic Merging Galaxy Clusters MACS 1752.0+4440 and ZWCL 1856.8+6616
Creators: name: Finner, Kyle
name: HyeongHan, Kim
name: Jee, M. James
name: Wittman, David
name: Forman, William R.
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Golovich, Nathan R.
name: Dawson, William A.
name: Jones, Alexander
name: de Gasperin, Francesco
name: Jones, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation of merging galaxy clusters that exhibit radio relics is strengthening our understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters, the nature of dark matter, the intracluster medium, and astrophysical particle acceleration. Each merging cluster provides only a single view of the cluster formation process and the variety of merging clusters is vast. Clusters hosting double radio relics are rare and extremely important because they allow tight constraints on the merger scenario. We present a weak-lensing and X-ray analysis of MACSJ1752.0+4440 ($z$=0.365) and ZWCL1856.8+6616 ($z$=0.304), two double radio relic clusters. Our weak-lensing mass estimates show that each cluster is a major merger with approximately 1:1 mass ratio. The total mass of MACSJ1752.0+4440 (ZWCL1856.8+6616) is $M_{200}=14.7^{+3.8}_{-3.3}\times10^{14}\ $M$_\odot$ ($M_{200}=2.4^{+0.9}_{-0.7}\times10^{14}\ $M$_\odot$). We find that these two clusters have comparable features in their weak-lensing and gas distributions, even though the systems have vastly different total masses. From the likeness of the X-ray morphologies and the remarkable symmetry of the radio relics, we propose that both systems underwent nearly head-on collisions. However, revelations from the hot-gas features and our multiwavelength data analysis suggest that ZWCL1856.8+6618 is likely at a later merger phase than MACSJ1752.0+4440. We postulate that the SW radio relic in MACSJ1752.0+4440 is a result of particle re-acceleration.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, Submitted to ApJ
Calculation of ground- and excited-state energies of confined helium atom
Creators: name: Banerjee, Arup
name: Kamal, C.
name: Chowdhury, Avijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the energies of ground and three low lying excited states of confined helium atom centered in an impenetrable spherical box. We perform the calculation by employing variational method with two-parameter variational forms for the correlated two-particle wave function. With just two variational parameters we get quite accurate results for both ground and excited state energies.
description: 13 pages, No figure
Tensor Charges and their Impact on Physics Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Smail, R. E.
name: Horsley, R.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Perlt, H.
name: Pleiter, D.
name: Rakow, P. E. L.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Stüben, H.
name: Young, R. D.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: charge: tensor
n: electric moment
symmetry breaking: flavor
quark: electric moment
quark: mass
new physics: search for
interaction: tensor
lattice
nucleon
nucleus
lattice field theory

description: The nucleon tensor charge, $g_T$, is an important quantity in the search for beyond the Standard Model tensor interactions in neutron and nuclear $\beta$-decays as well as the contribution of the quark electric dipole moment (EDM) to the neutron EDM. We present results from the QCDSF/UKQCD/CSSM collaboration for the tensor charge, $g_T$, using lattice QCD methods and the Feynman-Hellmann theorem. We use a flavour symmetry breaking method to systematically approach the physical quark mass using ensembles that span three lattice spacings.
LAND LEASE MARKETS AND AGRICULTURAL EFFICIENCY: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Pender, John L.
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Pender, John L.
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper develops a theoretical model of land leasing that includes transaction costs of enforcing labor effort, risk pooling motives and non-tradable capital inputs. We test the implications of this model compared to those of the "Marshallian" (unenforceable labor effort) and "New School" (costlessly enforceable effort) perspectives using data collected from four villages in Ethiopia. We find that land lease markets operate relatively efficiently in the villages studied, supporting the New School perspective. Land contract choice is found to depend upon the social relationships between landlords and tenants, but differences in contracts are not associated with significant differences in input use or output value per hectare. We find that other household and village characteristics do affect input use and output value, suggesting imperfections in other factor markets.
Elemental abundances as a function of kinematics in the Milky Way's disk
Creators: name: Girard, Pascal
name: Soubiran, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our investigation of three samples kinematically representative of the thin and thick disks and the Hercules stream using the catalogue of Soubiran & Girard (2005). We have observed abundance trends and age distribution of each component. Our results show that the two disks are chemically well separated, they overlap greatly in metallicity and both show parallel decreasing trends of alpha elements with increasing metallicity, in the interval -0.80 < [Fe/H] < -0.30. The thick disk is clearly older than the thin disk with a tentative evidence of an Age-Metallicity Relation over 2-3 Gyr and a hiatus in star formation before the formation of the thin disk. In order to improve the statistics on the disk's abundance trends, we have developed an automatic code, TGMET{\Largeα}; to determine (Teff, logg, [Fe/H], [α/Fe]) for thousands of stellar spectra available in spectroscopic archives. We have assessed the performances of the algorithm for 350 spectra of stars being part of the abundance catalogue.
A MODEL OF ENTRY-EXIT DECISIONS AND CAPACITY CHOICE UNDER DEMAND UNCERTAINTY
Creators: name: Isik, Murat
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Hudson, Darren
name: House, Lisa
name: Isik, Murat
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Hudson, Darren
name: House, Lisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: agribusiness decision-making
subject: demand uncertainty
subject: entry-exit decisions
subject: net present value
subject: real options
subject: remote sensing

description: Many investment decisions of agribusiness firms such as when to invest in an emerging market or whether to expand the capacity of the firm involve irreversible investment and uncertainty about demand, cost or competition. This paper uses an option-value model to examine the factors affecting an agribusiness firm's decision whether and how much to invest in an emerging market under demand uncertainty. Demand uncertainty and irreversibility of investment make investment less desirable than the net present value (NPV) rule indicates. The inactive firm is more reluctant to enter the market when it takes into account demand uncertainty because it preserves the opportunity of making a better investment later. The active firm is more reluctant to abandon the investment because there is an option value of keeping the operation alive. There is a greater distance between the entry and exit thresholds under the option-value approach than under the NPV rule due to demand uncertainty. The results have implications for agribusiness decision-making to understand and respond to uncertainty.
MODELING THE MOTIVATION FOR DIVERSIFICATION ON SUBSISTENCE FARMS IN THE ETHIOPIAN HIGHLANDS
Creators: name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Mathematical programming analysis has been quite effective for commercial farm planning in developed countries, but less so for subsistence farms in developing countries. In particular, it is difficult to reproduce the level of diversification observed on subsistence farms using a simple profit maximization framework. This paper proposes an alternative to the minimum consumption requirement approach for modeling subsistence farming households by treating consumption explicitly through a demand system motivated by Cobb-Douglas utility. A typical, linear programming-based production system is incorporated, allowing for the production of crops and livestock subject to constraints on resource availability. The approach successfully predicts consumption behavior of subsistence households in Holetta area of the Ethiopian highlands, but diversification of the cropping plan occurs only when marketing behavior is incorporated in terms of restriction on purchases of major consumption goods. The results suggest that integrating markets economy to improve their performance may improve the welfare of poor households in developing countries. This requires improvement of both input and output markets.
Onasch, Konrad: Grundzüge der russischen Kirchengeschichte
Creators: name: Schaeder, Hildegard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 1 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 1
Fact-based Text Editing
Creators: name: Iso, Hayate
name: Qiao, Chao
name: Li, Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel text editing task, referred to as \textit{fact-based text editing}, in which the goal is to revise a given document to better describe the facts in a knowledge base (e.g., several triples). The task is important in practice because reflecting the truth is a common requirement in text editing. First, we propose a method for automatically generating a dataset for research on fact-based text editing, where each instance consists of a draft text, a revised text, and several facts represented in triples. We apply the method into two public table-to-text datasets, obtaining two new datasets consisting of 233k and 37k instances, respectively. Next, we propose a new neural network architecture for fact-based text editing, called \textsc{FactEditor}, which edits a draft text by referring to given facts using a buffer, a stream, and a memory. A straightforward approach to address the problem would be to employ an encoder-decoder model. Our experimental results on the two datasets show that \textsc{FactEditor} outperforms the encoder-decoder approach in terms of fidelity and fluency. The results also show that \textsc{FactEditor} conducts inference faster than the encoder-decoder approach.
description: ACL 2020
EXPLORING GOAL TRADEOFFS IN METROPOLITAN NATURAL AREA PROTECTION
Creators: name: Ruliffson, Jane A.
name: Haight, Robert G.
name: Gobster, Paul H.
name: Homans, Frances R.
name: Ruliffson, Jane A.
name: Haight, Robert G.
name: Gobster, Paul H.
name: Homans, Frances R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study examines the issue of natural area protection in an urban environment. We report on the results of interviews conducted with a wide range of land use planners in the Chicago region. Of particular interest are the unique goals and challenges of land acquisition programs in a metropolitan area.
CONSUMER DEMAND FOR AND ATTITUDES TOWARD ALTERNATIVE BEEF LABELING STRATEGIES IN FRANCE, GERMANY, AND THE UK
Creators: name: Roosen, Jutta
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Fox, John A.
name: Roosen, Jutta
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Fox, John A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: A wide array of food safety scares and breakdowns have led to loss of consumer confidence in the quality and safety of beef products. To counteract such concerns, firms and regulators have the ability to utilize brands or labels to signal quality. Utilizing a mail survey in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, we analyzed consumer preferences for alternative beef labeling strategies. Using an ordered probit model and a double bounded logit model, we estimate consumer preferences for alternative beef labeling programs. In general, results suggest that consumers have more confidence in government mandated labels as opposed to private brands. French and German consumers place a higher level of importance on brands and labels than do UK consumers. Results also suggest that more than 90% of surveyed consumers desire a mandatory labeling program for beef produced from cattle fed genetically modified crops.