cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Axiomatics of Free Group Rings
Creators: name: Fine, Benjamin
name: Gaglione, Anthony
name: Kreuzer, Martin
name: Rosenberger, Gerhard
name: Spellman, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In [FGRS1,FGRS2] the relationship between the universal and elementary theory of a group ring $R[G]$ and the corresponding universal and elementary theory of the associated group $G$ and ring $R$ was examined. Here we assume that $R$ is a commutative ring with identity $1 \ne 0$. Of course, these are relative to an appropriate logical language $L_0,L_1,L_2$ for groups, rings and group rings respectively. Axiom systems for these were provided in [FGRS1]. In [FGRS1] it was proved that if $R[G]$ is elementarily equivalent to $S[H]$ with respect to $L_{2}$, then simultaneously the group $G$ is elementarily equivalent to the group $H$ with respect to $L_{0}$, and the ring $R$ is elementarily equivalent to the ring $S$ with respect to $L_{1}$. We then let $F$ be a rank $2$ free group and $\mathbb{Z}$ be the ring of integers. Examining the universal theory of the free group ring ${\mathbb Z}[F]$ the hazy conjecture was made that the universal sentences true in ${\mathbb Z}[F]$ are precisely the universal sentences true in $F$ modified appropriately for group ring theory and the converse that the universal sentences true in $F$ are the universal sentences true in ${\mathbb Z}[F]$ modified appropriately for group theory. In this paper we show this conjecture to be true in terms of axiom systems for ${\mathbb Z}[F]$.
description: final journal version
Les fonds des tribunaux allemands (1940–1945) conservés au BAVCC á Caen. De nouvelles sources et de nouveaux outils pour écrire l’histoire de la répression judiciaire allemande pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale?
Creators: name: Eismann, Gaël
name: List, Corinna Von
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 39 (2012)
Some Basic Techniques allowing Petri Net Synthesis: Complexity and Algorithmic Issues
Creators: name: Devillers, Raymond
name: Tredup, Ronny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Petri net synthesis we ask whether a given transition system $A$ can be implemented by a Petri net $N$. Depending on the level of accuracy, there are three ways how $N$ can implement $A$: an embedding, the least accurate implementation, preserves only the diversity of states of $A$; a language simulation already preserves exactly the language of $A$; a realization, the most accurate implementation, realizes the behavior of $A$ exactly. However, whatever the sought implementation, a corresponding net does not always exist. In this case, it was suggested to modify the input behavior -- of course as little as possible. Since transition systems consist of states, events and edges, these components appear as a natural choice for modifications. In this paper we show that the task of converting an unimplementable transition system into an implementable one by removing as few states or events or edges as possible is NP-complete -- regardless of what type of implementation we are aiming for; we also show that the corresponding parameterized problems are $W[2]$-hard, where the number of removed components is considered as the parameter; finally, we show there is no $c$-approximation algorithm (with a polynomial running time) for neither of these problems, for every constant $c\geq 1$.
Affine Yang-Mills-Higgs metrics
Creators: name: Biswas, Indranil
name: Loftin, John
name: Stemmler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C07, 57N16

description: Let (E, φ) be a flat Higgs bundle on a compact special affine manifold M equipped with an affine Gauduchon metric. We prove that (E, φ) is polystable if and only if it admits an affine Yang-Mills-Higgs metric.
description: Final version; to appear in the "Journal of Symplectic Geometry"
The Paradoxical Effect of Umbrella Clauses and African States' Interference With International Investment Contracts and Bilateral Investment Treaties.
Creators: name: Magoge, Jackson Simango
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 480308
subject: International trade and investment law

description: One of the safeguards that African countries’ investment treaties usually provide to international investors and their investments is “The umbrella clause,” which compels the host state of the investment to honor the obligations it has made to the foreign investor or its investment. This might be an extremely effective safeguard. However, the Umbrella clauses, on the other hand, have proven to be one of the most contentious clause(s) in investment treaties, resulting in contradictory interpretations by tribunals and commentators that have yet to be resolved. Consequently, the conditions of international investment agreements agreed upon with foreign investors have been brazenly ignored, canceled, or altered by African state parties. The rise in the number of investor-state disputes in Africa before various arbitral tribunals, which point to a widespread lack of compliance with treaty commitments, mostly by African host nations, demonstrates this. Thus, this study explains the concept of the umbrella clause and its interpretations conundrum as well as examines the reasons for African governmental intervention with BITs and the underlying contracts with foreign investors in-depth.
Synthesis of Pure and Impure Petri nets With Restricted Place-environments: Complexity Issues
Creators: name: Devillers, Raymond
name: Tredup, Ronny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Petri net synthesis consists in deciding for a given transition system $A$ whether there exists a Petri net $N$ whose reachability graph is isomorphic to $A$. Several works examined the synthesis of Petri net subclasses that restrict, for every place $p$ of the net, the cardinality of its preset or of its postset or both in advance by small natural numbers $\varrho$ and $κ$, respectively, such as for example (weighted) marked graphs, (weighted) T-systems and choice-free nets. In this paper, we study the synthesis aiming at Petri nets which have such restricted place environments, from the viewpoint of classical and parameterized complexity: We first show that, for any fixed natural numbers $\varrho$ and $κ$, deciding whether for a given transition system $A$ there is a Petri net $N$ such that (1) its reachability graph is isomorphic to $A$ and (2) for every place $p$ of $N$ the preset of $p$ has at most $\varrho$ and the postset of $p$ has at most $κ$ elements is doable in polynomial time. Secondly, we introduce a modified version of the problem, namely Environment Restricted Synthesis (ERS, for short), where $\varrho$ and $κ$ are part of the input, and show that ERS is NP-complete, regardless whether the sought net is impure or pure. In case of the impure nets, our methods also imply that ERS parameterized by $\varrho+κ$ is $W[2]$-hard.
Scalable time reversal of Raman echo quantum memory and quantum waveform conversion of light pulse
Creators: name: Moiseev, E. S.
name: Moiseev, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found a new hidden symmetry of time reversal light-atom interaction in the photon echo quantum memory with Raman atomic transition. The time-reversed quantum memory creates generalized conditions for ideal compression/decompression of time duration of the input light pulses and its wavelength. Based on a general analytical approach to this scheme, we have studied the optimal conditions for the light field compression/decompression in resonant atomic systems characterized by realistic spectral properties. The demonstrated necessary conditions for the effective quantum conversion of the light waveform and wavelength are also discussed for various possible realizations of the quantum memory scheme. The performed study promises new capabilities for fundamental study of the light-atom interaction and deterministic quantum manipulation of the light field, significant for quantum communication and quantum computing.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, Basic Problems of Optics (BPO 2012), Saint-Petersburg, Russia, October, 15-19, 2012
Double Field Theory: A Pedagogical Review
Creators: name: Aldazabal, Gerardo
name: Marques, Diego
name: Nunez, Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double Field Theory (DFT) is a proposal to incorporate T-duality, a distinctive symmetry of string theory, as a symmetry of a field theory defined on a double configuration space. The aim of this review is to provide a pedagogical presentation of DFT and its applications. We first introduce some basic ideas on T-duality and supergravity in order to proceed to the construction of generalized diffeomorphisms and an invariant action on the double space. Steps towards the construction of a geometry on the double space are discussed. We then address generalized Scherk-Schwarz compactifications of DFT and their connection to gauged supergravity and flux compactifications. We also discuss U-duality extensions, and present a brief parcours on world-sheet approaches to DFT. Finally, we provide a summary of other developments and applications that are not discussed in detail in the review.
description: 121 pages, invited review for Class. Quantum Grav; v2: Updated references
Floquet Majorana Fermions for Topological Qubits
Creators: name: Liu, Dong E.
name: Levchenko, Alex
name: Baranger, Harold U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and develop an approach to realizing a topological phase transition and non-Abelian statistics with dynamically induced Floquet Majorana Fermions (FMFs). When the periodic driving potential does not break fermion parity conservation, FMFs can encode quantum information. Quasi-energy analysis shows that a stable FMF zero mode and two other satellite modes exist in a wide parameter space with large quasi-energy gaps, which prevents transitions to other Floquet states under adiabatic driving. We also show that in the asymptotic limit FMFs preserve non-Abelian statistics and, thus, behave like their equilibrium counterparts.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; supplementary information: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Mapping the Topics and Intellectual Structure of Web Science
Creators: name: Hooper, Clare
name: Peters, Isabella
name: Robin, Cécile
Publisher: name: The Journal of Web Science
Year: 2019

description: This paper describes a mixed methods analysis of papers published at the ACM Web Science Conference series from 2009 to 2016, using co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, natural language processing, topic modelling and network visualisation techniques. The knowledge base of the Web Science community and the knowledge transfer from the ACM Web Science Conference series are studied, revealing major themes and key authors as a map of Web Science. In particular, the foundations of the Web Science community are revealed via co-citation analysis of authors of papers cited by ACM Web Science papers, while NLP analysis reveals topical descriptors and application contexts of Web Science. Finally, author-based bibliographic coupling of papers published at Web Science reveals authors who have been influenced by the Web Science community. In sum, this paper presents a knowledge map of the Web Science discipline visualizing topical foci, methodical roots in various disciplines, and key players in Web Science research.
The hidden symmetry of Kontsevich's graph flows on the spaces of Nambu-determinant Poisson brackets
Creators: name: Buring, Ricardo
name: Lipper, Dimitri
name: Kiselev, Arthemy V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C22, 53D17, 68R10

description: Kontsevich's graph flows are -- universally for all finite-dimensional affine Poisson manifolds -- infinitesimal symmetries of the spaces of Poisson brackets. We show that the previously known tetrahedral flow and the recently obtained pentagon-wheel flow preserve the class of Nambu-determinant Poisson bi-vectors $P=[\![ \varrho(\boldsymbol{x})\,\partial_x\wedge\partial_y\wedge\partial_z,a]\!]$ on $\mathbb{R}^3\ni\boldsymbol{x}=(x,y,z)$ and $P=[\![ [\![\varrho(\boldsymbol{y})\,\partial_{x^1}\wedge\ldots\wedge\partial_{x^4},a_1]\!],a_2]\!]$ on $\mathbb{R}^4\ni\boldsymbol{y}$, including the general case $\varrho \not\equiv 1$. We detect that the Poisson bracket evolution $\dot{P} = Q_γ(P^{\otimes^{\# Vert(γ)}})$ is trivial in the second Poisson cohomology, $Q_γ= [\![ P, \vec{X}([\varrho],[a]) ]\!]$, for the Nambu-determinant bi-vectors $P(\varrho,[a])$ on $\mathbb{R}^3$. For the global Casimirs $\mathbf{a} = (a_1,\ldots,a_{d-2})$ and inverse density $\varrho$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$, we analyse the combinatorics of their evolution induced by the Kontsevich graph flows, namely $\dot{\varrho} = \dot{\varrho}([\varrho], [\mathbf{a}])$ and $\dot{\mathbf{a}} = \dot{\mathbf{a}}([\varrho],[\mathbf{a}])$ with differential-polynomial right-hand sides. Besides the anticipated collapse of these formulas by using the Civita symbols (three for the tetrahedron $γ_3$ and five for the pentagon-wheel graph cocycle $γ_5$), as dictated by the behaviour $\varrho(\mathbf{x}') = \varrho(\mathbf{x}) \cdot \det \| \partial \mathbf{x}' / \partial \mathbf{x} \|$ of the inverse density $\varrho$ under reparametrizations $\mathbf{x} \rightleftarrows \mathbf{x}'$, we discover another, so far hidden discrete symmetry in the construction of these evolution equations.
description: Published version; 27+iii pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, 8 research problems; Keywords: Poisson geometry, Nambu-determinant Poisson bracket, Poisson cohomology, symmetry, Kontsevich's graph complex
Weak Z-structures for some classes of groups
Creators: name: Guilbault, Craig R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M10, 20F65

description: Motivated by the usefulness of boundaries in the study of hyperbolic and CAT(0) groups, Bestvina introduced a general approach to group boundaries via the notion of a Z-structure on a group G. Several variations on Z-structures have been studied and existence results have been obtained for some very specific classes of groups. However, little is known about the general question of which groups admit any of the various Z-structures, aside from the (easy) fact that any such G must have type F, i.e., G must admit a finite K(G,1). In fact, Bestvina has asked whether every type F group admits a Z-structure or at least a "weak" Z-structure. In this paper we prove some rather general existence theorems for weak Z-structures. Among our results are the following: Theorem A. If G is an extension of a nontrivial type F group by a nontrivial type F group, then G admits a Z-structure. Theorem B. If G admits a finite K(G,1) complex K such that the corresponding G-action on the universal cover contains a non-identity element properly homotopic to the identity, then G admits a weak Z-structure. Theorem C. If G has type F and is simply connected at infinity, then G admits a weak Z-structure.
description: Significant revisions, including a strengthening of one of the main theorems. 25 pages, 1 figure
The 1966 International Congress of Mathematicians: A micro-memoir
Creators: name: Gurevich, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To an extent, the 1966 congress was a hole in the iron curtain. At least that how a young Soviet mathematician saw it.
From the CMD of Omega Centauri and (super-)AGB stellar models to a Galactic plane passage gas purging chemical evolution scenario
Creators: name: Herwig, Falk
name: VandenBerg, Don A.
name: Navarro, Julio F.
name: Ferguson, Jason
name: Paxton, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abbreviated] We have investigated the color-magnitude diagram of Omega Centauri and find that the blue main sequence (bMS) can be reproduced only by models that have a of helium abundance in the range Y=0.35-$0.40. To explain the faint subgiant branch of the reddest stars ("MS-a/RG-a" sequence), isochrones for the observed metallicity ([Fe/H]\approx0.7) appear to require both a high age (~13Gyr) and enhanced CNO abundances ([CNO/Fe]\approx0.9$). Y~0.35 must also be assumed in order to counteract the effects of high CNO on turnoff colors, and thereby to obtain a good fit to the relatively blue turnoff of this stellar population. This suggest a short chemical evolution period of time (<1Gyr) for Omega Cen. Our intermediate-mass (super-)AGB models are able to reproduce the high helium abundances, along with [N/Fe]~2 and substantial O depletions if uncertainties in the treatment of convection are fully taken into account. These abundance features distinguish the bMS stars from the dominant [Fe/H] $\approx1.7$ population. The most massive super-AGB stellar models (M_zams>=6.8M_sun, M_He,core>=1.245M_sun) predict too large N-enhancements, which limits their role in contributing to the extreme populations. We show quantitatively that highly He- and N-enriched AGB ejecta have particularly efficient cooling properties. Based on these results and on the reconstruction of the orbit of Omega Cen with respect to the Milky Way we propose the galactic plane passage gas purging scenario for the chemical evolution of this cluster. Our model addresses the formation and properties of the bMS population (including their central location in the cluster). We follow our model descriptively through four passage events, which could explain not only some key properties of the bMS, but also of the MS-a/RGB-a and the s-enriched stars.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 10 figures, 5 tables, 21 pages
title: Exploring the characteristics of abusive behaviour in online social media settings
Creators: name: Alkharashi, Abdulwhab A.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Online abusive behaviour can impact interaction amongst contributors and moderators. It may lead to physical harm or threats. Existing research has not addressed the perception of moderation activity, discussion and disagreement can cause contributors to react aggressively. This thesis investigates the factors that lead to abusive behaviour in conversations within online settings. In particular, empirical analyses were conducted to identify the factors that contribute to abuse in online settings and to distinguish between polite and abusive forms of disagreement. Three contributions were presented in this research to address each to social computing, computational social science and cyber abuse research domains. The analyses suggested that moderators on Reddit view themselves as members of their community and work hard to both guard against violations, but also with contributors to enhance the quality of their content. Moderators also reported the nuances that distinguish polite and abusive disagreement. Furthermore, the analyses revealed that the differences between in-person and online conversations can help identify abusive behaviour. Specifically, the setting of discussion fosters participant behaviours (less hedging, more extreme sentiment, greater willingness to express personal opinion and straying from topic) that are known to increase the likelihood of abusive behaviour. Additionally, the findings revealed how consensus-building factors can influence disagreement in different settings. Finally, we showed how disagreement can be identified and can affect votes based on linguistics contexts. It was shown that different forms of disagreement can be detected better when using specific abuse, politeness and sentiment textual features using models of multi label text classification. The above research findings conceptualised the development of moderation systems to combat online abusive behaviour, based on analysis of the type of disagreement a contribution embodies and other linguistic and behavioural characteristics.
Gathering over Meeting Nodes in Infinite Grid
Creators: name: Bhagat, Subhash
name: Chakraborty, Abhinav
name: Das, Bibhuti
name: Mukhopadhyaya, Krishnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The gathering over meeting nodes problem asks the robots to gather at one of the pre-defined meeting nodes. The robots are deployed on the nodes of an anonymous two-dimensional infinite grid which has a subset of nodes marked as meeting nodes. Robots are identical, autonomous, anonymous and oblivious. They operate under an asynchronous scheduler. They do not have any agreement on a global coordinate system. All the initial configurations for which the problem is deterministically unsolvable have been characterized. A deterministic distributed algorithm has been proposed to solve the problem for the remaining configurations. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is studied in terms of the number of moves required for gathering. A lower bound concerning the total number of moves required to solve the gathering problem has been derived.
Worldsheet Realization of the Refined Topological String
Creators: name: Antoniadis, I.
name: Florakis, I.
name: Hohenegger, S.
name: Narain, K. S.
name: Assi, A. Zein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A worldsheet realization of the refined topological string is proposed in terms of physical string amplitudes that compute generalized N=2 F-terms of the form F_{g,n} W^{2g}Y^{2n} in the effective supergravity action. These terms involve the chiral Weyl superfield W and a superfield Y defined as an N=2 chiral projection of a particular anti-chiral T-bar vector multiplet. In Heterotic and Type I theories, obtained upon compactification on the six-dimensional manifold K3xT2, T is the usual Kähler modulus of the T2 torus. These amplitudes are computed exactly at the one-loop level in string theory. They are shown to reproduce the correct perturbative part of the Nekrasov partition function in the field theory limit when expanded around an SU(2) enhancement point of the string moduli space. The two deformation parameters epsilon_- and epsilon_+ of the Omega-supergravity background are then identified with the constant field-strength backgrounds for the anti-self-dual graviphoton and self-dual gauge field of the T-bar vector multiplet, respectively.
description: 35 pages, typos corrected, published in NPB
On the Tutte and matching polynomials for complete graphs
Creators: name: Kotek, Tomer
name: Makowsky, Johann A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C30, 05C31 %68Q25, 68R10, 68U05

description: Let $T(G;X,Y)$ be the Tutte polynomial for graphs. We study the sequence $t_{a,b}(n) = T(K_n;a,b)$ where $a,b$ are non-negative integers, and show that for every $μ\in \N$ the sequence $t_{a,b}(n)$ is ultimately periodic modulo $μ$ provided $a \neq 1 \modμ$ and $b \neq 1 \modμ$. This result is related to a conjecture by A. Mani and R. Stones from 2016. The theorem is a consequence of a more general theorem which holds for a wide class of graph polynomials definable in Monadic Second Order Logic and some of its extensions, such as the the independence polynomial, the clique polynomial, etc. We also show similar results for the various substitution instances of the bivariate matching polynomial and the trivariate edge elimination polynomial $ξ(G;X,Y,Z)$ introduced by I. Averbouch, B. Godlin and the second author in 2008. All our results depend on the Specker-Blatter Theorem from 1981, which studies modular recurrence relations of combinatorial sequences which count the number of labeled graphs.
description: Accepted for publication in Fundamenta Informaticae 186(3): 1-19 (2022), the special volume celebrating B.A. Trakhtenbrot's centenary
A note on calculi for non-deterministic many-valued logics
Creators: name: Kaminski, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present two deductively equivalent calculi for non-deterministic many-valued logics. One is defined by axioms and the other - by rules of inference. The two calculi are obtained from the truth tables of the logic under consideration in a straightforward manner. We prove soundness and strong completeness theorems for both calculi and also prove the cut elimination theorem for the calculi defined by rules of inference.
Streamers in air splitting into three branches
Creators: name: Heijmans, L. C. J.
name: Nijdam, S.
name: van Veldhuizen, E. M.
name: Ebert, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the branching of positive streamers in air and present the first systematic investigation of splitting into more than two branches. We study discharges in 100 mbar artificial air that is exposed to voltage pulses of 10 kV applied to a needle electrode 160 mm above a grounded plate. By imaging the discharge with two cameras from three angles, we establish that about every 200th branching event is a branching into three. Branching into three occurs more frequently for the relatively thicker streamers. In fact, we find that the surface of the total streamer cross-sections before and after a branching event is roughly the same.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Les déterminants sociodémographiques du comportement pro-environnemental du consommateur marocain
Creators: name: BENNACEUR Asmae
name: EL HAKMI Saliha
name: OUTADA Halima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Le sujet de l'environnement occupe de plus en plus la communauté des chercheurs. L'intérêt croissant réside dans sa criticité et son ampleur. L'enjeu est de trouver un bon compromis entre la préservation des écosystèmes, tout en répondant aux contraintes de développement économique et sociétal. Ainsi, un accent particulier doit être mis sur les leviers d'actions les plus probants pour pouvoir y porter les actions efficaces. Entre autres, la consommation, par sa nature, est un acte engagé par tout le monde. Elle consiste directement ou indirectement en la destruction de ressources pour satisfaire des besoins à différents niveaux. Toutefois, rationaliser et optimiser les comportements d'achat et/ou de consommation, en considérant le poids relatif à la masse de la population visée, permet d'agir dans le sens positif en faveur de l'environnement. D'où l'idée de ce travail de recherche qui vise à explorer l'interdépendance entre les variations des comportements pro-environnementaux et les variations aux niveaux des caractéristiques sociodémographiques du consommateur marocain. Ainsi, suite à une enquête sur terrain, il a été constaté que les variables : âge, revenu et occupation sont liées à la préoccupation des consommateurs marocains en faveur de l'environnement. Tandis que la variable genre ne l'est pas.
Pomeron dynamics in the AdS space and structure functions of hadrons at small x
Creators: name: Watanabe, Akira
name: Suzuki, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pomeron dynamics is investigated via deep inelastic scattering (DIS) at small x in the framework of holographic quantum chromodynamics. The small x DIS process is assumed to be described by the graviton exchange between external vector current and hadron in the AdS space. Our calculations for $F_2^p$, $F_2^π$, as well as the longitudinal counterpart $F_L^p$ are consistent with the experimental data. We discuss origins of a difference between $F_2$ and $F_L$ in our approach.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the proceedings of QCD@Work 2012: International Workshop on QCD - Theory and Experiment, June 18-21, Lecce, Italy
LOFT: the Large Observatory For X-ray Timing
Creators: name: Belloni, Tomaso M.
name: Bozzo, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LOFT, the large observatory for X-ray timing, is a new mission concept competing with other four candidates for a launch opportunity in 2022-2024. LOFT will be performing high-time resolution X-ray observations of compact objects, combining for the first time an unprecedented large collecting area for X-ray photons and a spectral resolution approaching that of CCD-based X-ray instruments (down to 200 eV FWHM at 6 keV). The operating energy range is 2-80 keV. The main science goals of LOFT are the measurement of the neutron stars equation of states and the test of General Relativity in the strong field regime. The breakthrough capabilities of the instruments on-board LOFT will permit to open also new discovery windows for a wide range of Galactic and extragalactic X-ray sources. In this contribution, we provide a general description of the mission concept and summarize its main scientific capabilities.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Proceedings of the invited talk at: IAU Symposium No. 290, 2012, "Feeding compact objects: Accretion on all scales"
Magnetic properties of charged spin-1 Bose gases with ferromagnetic coupling
Creators: name: Qin, Jihong
name: Jian, Xiaoling
name: Gu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic properties of a charged spin-1 Bose gas with ferromagnetic interactions is investigated within mean-field theory. It is shown that a competition between paramagnetism, diamagnetism and ferromagnetism exists in this system. It is shown that diamagnetism, being concerned with spontaneous magnetization, cannot exceed ferromagnetism in very weak magnetic field. The critical value of reduced ferromagnetic coupling of paramagnetic phase to ferromagnetic phase transition $\bar I_{c}$ increases with increasing temperature. The Lande-factor $g$ is introduced to describe the strength of paramagnetic effect which comes from the spin degree of freedom. The magnetization density $\bar M$ increases monotonically with $g$ for fixed reduced ferromagnetic coupling $\bar I$ as $\bar I>\bar I_{c}$. In a weak magnetic field, ferromagnetism makes immense contribution to the magnetization density. While at a high magnetic field, the diamagnetism inclines to saturate. Evidence for condensation can be seen in the magnetization density at weak magnetic field.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
A case study on parametric verification of failure detectors
Creators: name: Tran, Thanh-Hai
name: Konnov, Igor
name: Widder, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Partial synchrony is a model of computation in many distributed algorithms and modern blockchains. These algorithms are typically parameterized in the number of participants, and their correctness requires the existence of bounds on message delays and on the relative speed of processes after reaching Global Stabilization Time. These characteristics make partially synchronous algorithms parameterized in the number of processes, and parametric in time bounds, which render automated verification of partially synchronous algorithms challenging. In this paper, we present a case study on formal verification of both safety and liveness of the Chandra and Toueg failure detector that is based on partial synchrony. To this end, we first introduce and formalize the class of symmetric point-to-point algorithms that contains the failure detector. Second, we show that these symmetric point-to-point algorithms have a cutoff, and the cutoff results hold in three models of computation: synchrony, asynchrony, and partial synchrony. As a result, one can verify them by model checking small instances, but the verification problem stays parametric in time. Next, we specify the failure detector and the partial synchrony assumptions in three frameworks: TLA+, IVy, and counter automata. Importantly, we tune our modeling to use the strength of each method: (1) We are using counters to encode message buffers with counter automata, (2) we are using first-order relations to encode message buffers in IVy, and (3) we are using both approaches in TLA+. By running the tools for TLA+ and counter automata, we demonstrate safety for fixed time bounds. By running IVy, we prove safety for arbitrary time bounds. Moreover, we show how to verify liveness of the failure detector by reducing the verification problem to safety verification. Thus, both properties are verified by developing inductive invariants with IVy.
Daniel Krencker, Das römische Trier
Creators: name: Oelmann, Franz
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Daniel Krencker, Das römische Trier. Berlin (Deutscher Kunstverlag) 1923 64 S. mit 26 Strichätzungen im Text und 16 Tafeln in Netzätzung
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 128 (1923): Bonner Jahrbücher : Jahrbücher des Vereins von Altertumsfreunden im Rheinlande
Improved Electroweak Phase Transition with Subdominant Inert Doublet Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
name: Kainulainen, Kimmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inert doublet dark matter model has recently gained attention as a possible means of facilitating a strongly first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT), as needed for baryogenesis. We extend previous results by considering the regime where the DM is heavier than half the Higgs mass, and its relic density is determined by annihilation into W, Z and Higgs bosons. We find a large natural region of parameter space where the EWPT is strongly first order, while the lightest inert doublet state typically contributes only 0.1-3% of the total dark matter. Despite this small density, its interactions with nucleons are strong enough to be directly detectable given a factor of 5 improvement over the current sensitivity of XENON100. A 10% decrease in the branching ratio for Higgs decays to two photons is predicted.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures; v2: fixed sign of change in branching ratio for Higgs -> gamma gamma
Towards Consumer-Oriented Mushroom-Based Product Development: An Exploratory Study in Rice-Based Farming Communities in Central Luzon, Philippines
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Josefina F.
name: Manaois, Rosaly V.
name: Morales, Amelia V.
name: Abilgos-Ramos, Riza
name: Ballesteros, Josefina F.
name: Manaois, Rosaly V.
name: Morales, Amelia V.
name: Abilgos-Ramos, Riza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Production Economics
subject: consumer interest
subject: market survey
subject: mushroom
subject: mushroom-based products

description: This study determined consumers’ awareness and interest towards mushroom and mushroom-based product ideas. A survey of 222 adults was conducted in rice-based farming communities in selected provinces, namely, Aurora, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, and Pampanga. Results showed that taste, nutritional, and health benefits were the top attributes considered by both sexes whenever they buy food for household consumption. Most of the respondents (99%) liked eating mushroom because of its palatability (71%) and perceived healthiness (26%). However, the majority (76%) consumed mushroom only once a month or seldom in a year due to its limited availability. Food supplements, coffee-like beverages, and snacks (bread, chips, cookies) were the most interesting mushroom-based product ideas. These findings suggest product development opportunities and strategies to increase utilization and encourage mushroom cultivation in Central Luzon.
description: https://jemad.cem.uplb.edu.ph/articles/towards-consumer-oriented-mushroom-based-product-development-an-exploratory-study-in-rice-based-farming-communities-in-central-luzon-philippines/
Controlling Self-Organizing Dynamics on Networks Using Models that Self-Organize
Creators: name: Noël, Pierre-André
name: Brummitt, Charles D.
name: D'Souza, Raissa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling self-organizing systems is challenging because the system responds to the controller. Here we develop a model that captures the essential self-organizing mechanisms of Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld (BTW) sandpiles on networks, a self-organized critical (SOC) system. This model enables studying a simple control scheme that determines the frequency of cascades and that shapes systemic risk. We show that optimal strategies exist for generic cost functions and that controlling a subcritical system may drive it to criticality. This approach could enable controlling other self-organizing systems.
description: 5 pages main text; 16 pages supplemental material
Skeleton Abstraction for Universal Temporal Properties
Creators: name: Wallner, Sophie
name: Wolf, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Uniform coloured Petri nets can be abstracted to their skeleton, the place/transition net that simply turns the coloured tokens into black tokens. A coloured net and its skeleton are related by a net morphism. For the application of the skeleton as an abstraction method in the model checking process, we need to establish a simulation relation between the state spaces of the two nets. Then, universal temporal properties (properties of the $ ACTL^* $ logic) are preserved. The abstraction relation induced by a net morphism is not necessarily a simulation relation, due to a subtle issue related to deadlocks. We discuss several situations where the abstraction relation induced by a net morphism is as well a simulation relation, thus preserving $ACTL^*$ properties. We further propose a partition refinement algorithm for folding a place/transition net into a coloured net. This way, skeleton abstraction becomes available for models given as place/transition nets. Experiments demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed technology. Using skeleton abstraction, we are capable of solving problems that have not been solved before in the Model Checking Contest.
Multi-slot optical Yagi-Uda antenna for efficient unidirectional radiation to free space
Creators: name: Kim, Jineun
name: Roh, Young-Geun
name: Cheon, Sangmo
name: Choe, Jong-Ho
name: Lee, Jongcheon
name: Lee, Jaesoong
name: Kim, Un Jeong
name: Park, Yeonsang
name: Song, In Yong
name: Park, Q-Han
name: Hwang, Sung Woo
name: Kim, Kinam
name: Lee, Chang-Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmonic nanoantennas are key elements in nanophotonics capable of directing radiation or enhancing the transition rate of a quantum emitter. Slot-type magnetic-dipole nanoantennas, which are complementary structures of typical electric-dipole-type antennas, have received little attention, leaving their antenna properties largely unexplored. Here we present a novel magnetic-dipole-fed multi-slot optical Yagi-Uda antenna. By engineering the relative phase of the interacting surface plasmon polaritons between the slot elements, we demonstrate that the optical antenna exhibits highly unidirectional radiation to free space. The unique features of the slot-based magnetic nanoantenna provide a new possibility of achieving integrated features such as energy transfer from one waveguide to another by working as a future optical via.
Morphisms and minimisation of weighted automata
Creators: name: Lombardy, Sylvain
name: Sakarovitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the algorithms for the minimisation of weighted automata. It starts with the definition of morphisms-which generalises and unifies the notion of bisimulation to the whole class of weighted automata-and the unicity of a minimal quotient for every automaton, obtained by partition refinement. From a general scheme for the refinement of partitions, two strategies are considered for the computation of the minimal quotient: the Domain Split and the Predecesor Class Split algorithms. They correspond respectivly to the classical Moore and Hopcroft algorithms for the computation of the minimal quotient of deterministic Boolean automata. We show that these two strategies yield algorithms with the same quadratic complexity and we study the cases when the second one can be improved in order to achieve a complexity similar to the one of Hopcroft algorithm.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROGEN FUEL COMBUSTION IN A REHEATING FURNACE
Creators: name: Uzor, Chukwunedum
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation

description: Current industrial practice in the steel Industry involves the use of natural gas with high methane content as a primary energy source. Natural combustion produces greenhouse gases, and with the continued focus on managing and reducing harmful emissions from industrial processes, there is a need for research into alternative sources of energy. Among several alternatives that have been studied is hydrogen: a non-carbon-based fuel. This work uses a coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-finite element analysis (FEA) combustion model to investigate hydrogen utilization as a fuel in a reheat furnace and how it impacts the quality of the steel produced by understanding the three dimensional (3D) flow behavior, furnace temperature profile, thermal stress distribution, heat flux, formation of iron oxides, emission gases and mode of heat transfer onto the steel slabs. The modeling process integrates the five different zones of a pusher type reheating furnace (top and bottom) and modeled using Ansys Fluent 2020R1 and Ansys Workbench 2022R1. Changes in these parameters are determined by comparison to a baseline case that uses methane as fuel and maintaining the same heat input in terms of chemical energy into the furnace. Global mechanism was used for hydrogen and two step mechanism was used for methane combustion. Results revealed a 2.6% increase in average temperature to 1478K across the furnace for hydrogen which resulted in 6.45% increase in maximum heat flux into the slabs. Similar flue gas flow patterns were seen for both cases and heat transfer mode from the combustion gases to the slabs was primarily by radiation (~97%) for both methane and hydrogen. 11.5% increase in iron oxide formation on the slab was recorded for the hydrogen case, however, the bulk of the iron oxide formed was more of wüstites which are the easiest form of iron oxide to descale. However, elevated nitrogen oxide (NOx) levels were recorded for hydrogen combustion which led to further study into NOx mitigation techniques. Application of the staged combustion method using hydrogen fuel showed potentials for NOx reduction. The use of regenerative burners further conserved exergy losses in hydrogen fuel application. Insignificant deviation from base case thermal stress distribution and zero carbon emission from the hydrogen case indicates the usability of hydrogen as an alternative fuel in reheating furnace operations.
Additional file 1 of Interrupting the intergenerational cycle of violence: protocol for a three-generational longitudinal mixed-methods study in South Africa (INTERRUPT_VIOLENCE)
Creators: name: Meinck, Franziska
name: Woollett, Nataly
name: Franchino-Olsen, Hannabeth
name: Silima, Mpho
name: Thurston, Christina
name: Fouché, Ansie
name: Monaisa, Kopano
name: Christofides, Nicola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplement 1. Young Carers 3 – Young adult questionnaire.
A Formal Model for Polarization under Confirmation Bias in Social Networks
Creators: name: Alvim, Mário S.
name: Amorim, Bernardo
name: Knight, Sophia
name: Quintero, Santiago
name: Valencia, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a model for polarization in multi-agent systems based on Esteban and Ray's standard family of polarization measures from economics. Agents evolve by updating their beliefs (opinions) based on an underlying influence graph, as in the standard DeGroot model for social learning, but under a confirmation bias; i.e., a discounting of opinions of agents with dissimilar views. We show that even under this bias polarization eventually vanishes (converges to zero) if the influence graph is strongly-connected. If the influence graph is a regular symmetric circulation, we determine the unique belief value to which all agents converge. Our more insightful result establishes that, under some natural assumptions, if polarization does not eventually vanish then either there is a disconnected subgroup of agents, or some agent influences others more than she is influenced. We also prove that polarization does not necessarily vanish in weakly-connected graphs under confirmation bias. Furthermore, we show how our model relates to the classic DeGroot model for social learning. We illustrate our model with several simulations of a running example about polarization over vaccines and of other case studies. The theoretical results and simulations will provide insight into the phenomenon of polarization.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2104.11538