cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How (not) to Choose Peers in Studying Groups
Creators: name: Gall, Thomas
name: Amann, Roland
name: Gall, Thomas
name: Amann, Roland
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper analyzes social group formation when agents are subject to peer effects within groups increasing human capital and instantaneous utility. When agents are heterogeneous on two dimensions, ability and social skills, and monetary payments are not feasible the model predicts segregation at the top and at the bottom of the attribute space and bunching for heterogeneous intermediate types. Groups may be heterogeneous in taste types and more heterogeneous types are more likely to participate. The equilibrium allocation does not induce cost-efficient human capital accumulation. Introducing ability tracking may produce beneficial results despite decreasing differences in human capital production.
Liedke, Gerhard (hrsg.): Eschatologie und Frieden
Creators: name: Ruez, Waldemar
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (1980): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 29, Heft 1
[Elicitation session in pairs]
Creators: name: Palacio, Philip Tim
name: Cathcart, Chundra
name: Stickles, Elise
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cab

description: 5 WAV, 5 TextGrid, and 5 TXT files.
Elicitation of phonological processes (CAC_01, CAC_02, CAC_03).
Basic Garifuna transitive clauses (EMS_05, EMS_06).
Descendants in celestial CFT and emergent multi-collinear factorization
Creators: name: Ebert, Stephen
name: Sharma, Atul
name: Wang, Diandian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-collinear factorization limits provide a window to study how locality and unitarity of scattering amplitudes can emerge dynamically from celestial CFT, the conjectured holographic dual to gauge and gravitational theories in flat space. To this end, we first use asymptotic symmetries to commence a systematic study of conformal and Kac-Moody descendants in the OPE of celestial gluons. Recursive application of these OPEs then equips us with a novel holographic method of computing the multi-collinear limits of gluon amplitudes. We perform this computation for some of the simplest helicity assignments of the collinear particles. The prediction from the OPE matches with Mellin transforms of the expressions in the literature to all orders in conformal descendants. In a similar vein, we conclude by studying multi-collinear limits of graviton amplitudes in the leading approximation of sequential double-collinear limits, again finding a consistency check against the leading order OPE of celestial gravitons.
description: 21 pages + appendices; v2 published version
Absolute-Magnitude Distributions and Light Curves of Stripped-Envelope Supernovae
Creators: name: Richardson, Dean
name: Branch, David
name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absolute visual magnitudes of three Type IIb, 11 Type Ib and 13 Type Ic supernovae (collectively known as stripped-envelope supernovae) are studied by collecting data on the apparent magnitude, distance, and interstellar extinction of each event. Weighted and unweighted mean absolute magnitudes of the combined sample as well as various subsets of the sample are reported. The limited sample size and the considerable uncertainties, especially those associated with extinction in the host galaxies, prevent firm conclusions regarding differences between the absolute magnitudes of supernovae of Type Ib and Ic, and regarding the existence of separate groups of overluminous and normal-luminosity stripped-envelope supernovae. The spectroscopic characteristics of the events of the sample are considered. Three of the four overluminous events are known to have had unusual spectra. Most but not all of the normal luminosity events had typical spectra. Light curves of stripped-envelope supernovae are collected and compared. Because SN 1994I in M51 was very well observed it often is regarded as the prototypical Type Ic supernova, but it has the fastest light curve in the sample. Light curves are modeled by means of a simple analytical technique that, combined with a constraint on E/M from spectroscopy, yields internally consistent values of ejected mass, kinetic energy, and nickel mass.
description: 39 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables; Accepted to AJ
Coordination in Networks Formation: Experimental Evidence on Learning and Salience
Creators: name: Bernasconi, Michele
name: Galizzi, Matteo M.
name: Bernasconi, Michele
name: Galizzi, Matteo M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: We present experiments on repeated non-cooperative network formation games, based on Bala and Goyal (2000). We treat the one-way and the two-ways flow models, each for high and low link costs. The models show both multiple equilibria and coordination problems. We conduct experiments under various conditions which control for salient labeling and learning dynamics. Contrary to previous experiments, we find that coordination on non-empty Strict Nash equilibria is not an easy task for subjects to achieve, even in the mono-directional model where the Strict Nash equilibria is a wheel. We find that salience significantly helps coordination, but only when subjects are pre-instructed to think of the wheel network as a reasonable way to play the networking game. Evidence on learning behavior provides support for subjects choosing strategies consistent with various learning rules, which include as the main ones Reinforcement and Fictitious Play.
Neuroendocrine challenge studies of serotonin and gaba function in mania and in the mechanism of action of the mood stabilizer divalproex sodium
Creators: name: Shiah, I-Shin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, we report on studies that investigated the roles of serotonin (5- hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) and y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the pathophysiology of mania and in the mechanism of action of the mood stabilizer, divalproex sodium (DVP) using neuroendocrine challenge paradigm. Pharmacological challenges with the 5-HTiA receptor agonist, ipsapirone and the GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen were administered to patients with mania and normal healthy volunteers. Following the administration of challenge agents, hormonal, hypothermic, and/or behavioral responses were measured at regular intervals. We found that 1) manic patients had significantly enhanced ACTH and Cortisol responses to ipsapirone when compared to normal controls, but the hypothermic response to ipsapirone did not differ between the two groups; 2) one-week treatment with DVP significantly attenuated hypothermic response to ipsapirone in healthy controls but this did not modify the ACTH or Cortisol response to ipsapirone; 3) GH response to baclofen was significantly increased in manic patients compared to normal controls; 4) one-week treatment with DVP significantly attenuated the GH response to baclofen in healthy controls. The results of 5-HT neuroendocinre challenge studies suggest that manic patients have an increase in postsynaptic 5-HT]A receptor sensitivity, which may be secondary to diminished 5-HT availability in central 5-HT synapses, and that DVP enhances 5-HT neurotransmission via a subsensitization of 5-HTIA autoreceptors. These appear to support hypotheses that a 5-HT deficit is involved in mania and that enhancement of 5-HT neurotransmission exerts a mood stabilizing effect. The findings of GABA neuroendocrine challenge studies suggest that manic patients also have an up-regulated hypothalamic GABAB receptor function, presumably resulting from a GABA deficit in brain, and that DVP treatment restores this deficit by enhancing GABAergic neurotransmission, thus leading to a down-regulation in hypothalamic GABAB receptor function. These experiments have provided some evidence for the contribution of 5-HT and GABA in mania and in the mechanism of action of DVP. However, it is very likely that other neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine and their interaction with 5-HT and GABA also play important roles. More neurobiological studies on manic patients are warranted to enhance our understanding of this illness and its treatment.
Bilateral Commitment
Creators: name: Bade, Sophie
name: Haeringer, Guillaume
name: Renou, Ludovic
name: Bade, Sophie
name: Haeringer, Guillaume
name: Renou, Ludovic
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: We consider non-cooperative environments in which two players have the power to commit but cannot sign binding agreements. We show that by committing to a set of actions rather than to a single action, players can implement a wide range of action profiles. We give a complete characterization of implementable profiles and provide a simple method to find them. Profiles implementable by bilateral commitments are shown to be generically inefficient. Surprisingly, allowing for gradualism (i.e., step by step commitment) does not change the set of implementable profiles.
Entanglement entropy in d+1 SU(N) gauge theory
Creators: name: Velytsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the entanglement entropy for a sub-system in d+1 dimensional SU(N) lattice gauge theory. The 1+1 gauge theory is treated exactly and shows trivial behavior. Gauge theories in higher dimensions are treated within Migdal-Kadanoff approximation. We consider the gauge theory in the confinement phase. We demonstrate the existence of a non-analytical change from the short distance to long distance form in the entanglement entropy in such systems (d>2) reminiscent of a phase transition. The transition is manifested in nontrivial change in the RG flow of the character expansion coefficients defining the partition function.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, revised version: one figure added, discussion of the results extended, misprints corrected
1-s2.0-S2589004221000778-main.pdf
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Environmental Chemistry
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: 30307 Theory and Design of Materials
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: Photocatalytic transformation of biomass into value-added chemicals coupled with co-production of hydrogen provides an explicit route to trap sunlight into the chemical bonds. Here, we demonstrate a rational design of Zn1-xCdxS solid solution homojunction photocatalyst with a pseudo-periodic cubic zinc blende (ZB) and hexagonal wurtzite (WZ) structure for efficient glucose conversion to simultaneously produce hydrogen and lactic acid. The optimized Zn0.6Cd0.4S catalyst consists of a twinning superlattice, has a tuned bandgap, and displays excellent efficiency with respect to hydrogen generation (690 ± 27.6 μmol·h−1·gcat.−1), glucose conversion (~90%), and lactic acid selectivity (~87%) without any co-catalyst under visible light irradiation. The periodic WZ/ZB phase in twinning superlattice facilitates better charge separation, while superoxide radical (⋅O2-) and photogenerated holes drive the glucose transformation and water oxidation reactions, respectively. This work demonstrates that rational photocatalyst design could realize an efficient and concomitant production of hydrogen and value-added chemicals from glucose photocatalysis.
Helium Isotopes Quantum Sieving Through Graphtriyne Membranes
Creators: name: Hernández, Marta I.
name: Bartolomei, Massimiliano
name: Campos-Martínez, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report accurate quantum calculations of the sieving of Helium atoms by two-dimensional (2D) graphtriyne layers with a new interaction potential. Thermal rate constants and permeances in an ample temperature range are computed and compared for both Helium isotopes. With a pore larger than graphdiyne, the most common member of the gamma - graphyne family, it could be expected that the appearance of quantum effects were more limited. We find, however, a strong quantum behavior that can be attributed to the presence of selective adsorption resonances, with a pronounced effect in the low temperature regime. This effect leads to the appearance of some selectivity at very low temperatures and the possibility for the heavier isotope to cross the membrane more efficiently than the lighter, contrarily to what happened with graphdiyne membranes, where the sieving at low energy is predominantly ruled by quantum tunneling. The use of more approximate methods could be not advisable in these situations and prototypical transition state theory (TST) treatments might lead to large errors.
Eight Degrees of Separation
Creators: name: Pin, Paolo
name: Pin, Paolo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The paper presents a model of network formation where every connected couple gives a contribution to the aggregate payoff, eventually discounted by their distance, and the resources are split between agents through the Myerson value. As equilibrium concept we adopt a refinement of pairwise stability. The only parameters are the number N of agents and a constant cost k for every agent to maintain any single link. This setup shows a wide multiplicity of equilibria, all of them connected, as k ranges over non trivial cases. We are able to show that, for any N, when the equilibrium is a tree (acyclical connected graph), which happens for high k, and there is no decay, the diameter of such a network never exceeds 8 (i.e. there are no two nodes with distance greater than 8). Adopting no decay and studying only trees, we facilitate the analysis but impose worst-case scenarios: we conjecture that the limit of 8 should apply for any possible non-empty equilibrium with any decay function.
Hilbert's 14th Problem and Cox Rings
Creators: name: Castravet, Ana-Maria
name: Tevelev, Jenia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E (Primary) 14M (Secondary)

description: Our main result is the description of generators of the total coordinate ring of the blow-up of $P^n$ in any number of points that lie on a rational normal curve. As a corollary we show that the algebra of invariants of the action of a two-dimensional vector group introduced by Nagata is finitely generated by certain explicit determinants. We also prove the finite generation of the algebras of invariants of actions of vector groups related to T-shaped Dynkin diagrams introduced by Mukai.
description: 20 pages; final version, Compositio Math. Vol.142 (2006)
Applications of Relations and Graphs to Coalition Formation
Creators: name: Berghammer, Rudolf
name: Rusinowska, Agnieszka
name: De Swart, Harrie
name: Berghammer, Rudolf
name: Rusinowska, Agnieszka
name: De Swart, Harrie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Political Economy

description: A stable government is by definition not dominated by any other government. However, it may happen that all governments are dominated. In graph-theoretic terms this means that the dominance graph does not possess a source. In this paper we are able to deal with this case by a clever combination of notions from different fields, such as relational algebra, graph theory, social choice and bargaining theory, and by using the computer support system RelView for computing solutions and visualizing the results. Using relational algorithms, in such a case we break all cycles in each initial strongly connected component by removing the vertices in an appropriate minimum feedback vertex set. So, we can choose an un-dominated government. To achieve unique solutions, we additionally apply social choice rules. The main parts of our procedure can be executed using the RelView tool. Its sophisticated implementation of relations allows to deal with graph sizes that are sufficient for practical applications of coalition formation.
Hexamolybdenum clusters supported on graphene oxide: Visible-light induced photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into methanol
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: Cheminformatics
subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Hexamolybdenum (Mo6) cluster-based compounds namely
Wigner functions and quantum kinetic theory of polarized photons
Creators: name: Hattori, Koichi
name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Yang, Di-Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the Wigner functions of polarized photons in the Coulomb gauge with the $\hbar$ expansion applied to quantum field theory, and identify side-jump effects for massless photons. We also discuss the photonic chiral vortical effect for the Chern-Simons current and zilch vortical effect for the zilch current in local thermal equilibrium as a consistency check for our formalism. The results are found to be in agreement with those obtained from different approaches. Moreover, using the real-time formalism, we construct the quantum kinetic theory (QKT) for polarized photons. By further adopting a specific power counting scheme for the distribution functions, we provide a more succinct form of an effective QKT. This photonic QKT involves quantum corrections associated with self-energy gradients in the collision term, which are analogous to the side-jump corrections pertinent to spin-orbit interactions in the chiral kinetic theory for massless fermions. The same theoretical framework can also be directly applied to weakly coupled gluons in the absence of background color fields.
description: 25 pages, no figures, minor revisions, journal version in JHEP
Hot-Mix Coal-Tar Concrete Pavement and Multiple, Coal-Tar Seals on Shoulders
Creators: name: Florence, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1968
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: It is proposed to construct an experimental section of roadway, 6.6 miles in length, using coal-tar concrete for base and surface, and to use multiple, coal-tar seals (3 seals) with coverstone on the shoulders. A section of pavement, 5.1 miles in length, incorporating the same structural thicknesses and types of courses but containing normal asphaltic binders, to be constructed on the same route will be designated for comparison and control purposes. The use of the coal-tar will be in compliance with Section 201(e) of the Appalachian Regional Development Acts of 1965.
Compassionate Care: As Defined By Individuals Who Have Used Mental Health Services And Are From An Ethnic Minority Background
Creators: name: Kalam-Polli, Sabiha
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2021
Subjects: Compassion
compassionate care
service users
mental health services
ethnic minority

description: Background: Providing compassionate care is a key constitutional value of the NHS and there has been an increased focus to ensure this is delivered. However, there lacks a consistent and widely accepted definition of what this consists of. Current conceptualisations of compassion do not privilege the voice of service users, despite them being key stakeholders within the NHS, and the majority of studies have focused on physical healthcare settings. Additionally, there is lack of ethnically diverse perspectives across the literature. However, ethnically minoritised individuals experience more negative outcomes within the mental health system. Aim: To investigate definitions and experiences of compassionate care, based on the perspective of individuals who identify with a minority ethnicity within the UK and have used secondary care mental health services. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven participants. Responses were analysed using a critical realist framework and reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006a). Results: The analysis generated three main themes and 12 associated sub-themes. 1) Growing the “seeds” of compassion reflected ideas about compassion being an internal factor that was also dynamic and could grow with nurturing. 2) Seeing the person described compassionate care, which involved services recognising and respecting the individuality of service users and providing care according to their needs. 3) “Power imbalances” referenced the way services use judgements, control and language to hold onto power, leading to the delivery of uncompassionate care. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of relational care and cautions services to be more mindful of the inherent power differentials between them and service users. Recommendations to enhance compassionate care include services prioritising a person-centred approach and engaging with issues around stigma, intersectionality, cultural humility and religious beliefs.
title: Continual Learning: Applications and the Road Forward
Creators: name: Verwimp, Eli
name: Aljundi, Rahaf
name: Ben-David, Shai
name: Bethge, Matthias
name: Cossu, Andrea
name: Gepperth, Alexander
name: Hayes, Tyler L.
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
name: Kanan, Christopher
name: Kudithipudi, Dhireesha
name: Lampert, Christoph H.
name: Mundt, Martin
name: Pascanu, Razvan
name: Popescu, Adrian
name: Tolias, Andreas S.
name: van de Weijer, Joost
name: Liu, Bing
name: Lomonaco, Vincenzo
name: Tuytelaars, Tinne
name: van de Ven, Gido M.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2024

description: Continual learning is a subfield of machine learning, which aims to allow machine learning models to continuously learn on new data, by accumulating knowledge without forgetting what was learned in the past. In this work, we take a step back, and ask: "Why should one care about continual learning in the first place?". We set the stage by examining recent continual learning papers published at four major machine learning conferences, and show that memory-constrained settings dominate the field. Then, we discuss five open problems in machine learning, and even though they might seem unrelated to continual learning at first sight, we show that continual learning will inevitably be part of their solution. These problems are model editing, personalization and specialization, on-device learning, faster (re-)training and reinforcement learning. Finally, by comparing the desiderata from these unsolved problems and the current assumptions in continual learning, we highlight and discuss four future directions for continual learning research. We hope that this work offers an interesting perspective on the future of continual learning, while displaying its potential value and the paths we have to pursue in order to make it successful. This work is the result of the many discussions the authors had at the Dagstuhl seminar on Deep Continual Learning, in March 2023.
Measurement of differential cross sections for Z bosons produced in association with charm jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements are presented of differential cross sections for the production of Z bosons in association with at least one jet initiated by a charm quark in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The data recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The final states that contain a pair of electrons or muons that are the decay products of a Z boson, and a jet consistent with being initiated by a charm quark produced in the hard interaction. Differential cross sections as a function of the $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the Z boson and $p_\mathrm{T}$ of the charm jet are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo event generators. The inclusive production cross section 405.4 $\pm$ 5.6 (stat) $\pm$ 24.3 (exp) $\pm$ 3.7 (theo) pb, is measured in a fiducial region requiring both leptons to have $\vertη\vert$ $\lt$ 2.4 and $p_\mathrm{T}$ $\gt$ 10 GeV, at least one lepton with $p_\mathrm{T}$ $\gt$ 26 GeV, and a mass of the pair in the range 71-111 GeV, while the charm jet is required to have $p_\mathrm{T}$ $\gt$ 30 GeV and $\vertη\vert$ $\lt$ 2.4. These are the first measurements of these cross sections in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-19-011 (CMS Public Pages). This version has the correct PDF
On the information-splitting essence of two types of quantum key distribution protocols
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Guo, Fenzhuo
name: Wen, Qiaoyan
name: Zhu, Fu-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the help of a simple quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme, we discuss the relation between BB84-type protocols and two-step-type ones. It is shown that they have the same essence, i.e., information-splitting. More specifically, the similarity between them includes (1) the carrier state is split into two parts which will be sent one by one; (2) the possible states of each quantum part are indistinguishable; (3) anyone who obtains both parts can recover the initial carrier state and then distinguish it from several possible states. This result is useful for related scheme designing and security analyzing.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Revtex 4
Bargaining Coalitions in the Agricultural Negotiations of the Doha Round: Similarity of Interests or Strategic Choices? An Empirical Assessment
Creators: name: Costantini, Valeria
name: Crescenzi, Riccardo
name: De Filippis, Fabrizio
name: Salvatici, Luca
name: Costantini, Valeria
name: Crescenzi, Riccardo
name: De Filippis, Fabrizio
name: Salvatici, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The paper aims at understanding the structural features of the bargaining coalitions in the Doha Round of the WTO. We provide an empirical assessment of the preferences of each negotiating actor looking at general economics indicators, development levels, structure of the agricultural sectors, and trade policies for agricultural products. Bargaining coalitions are analyzed by grouping countries through a cluster analysis procedure. The clusters are compared with existing coalitions, in order to assess their degree of internal homogeneity as well as their common interests. Such a comparison allows the detection of possible 'defectors', i.e. countries that according to their economic conditions and policies seem to be relatively less committed to the positions of the coalition they join.
Extracting resilience metrics from distribution utility data using outage and restore process statistics
Creators: name: Carrington, Nichelle'Le K.
name: Dobson, Ian
name: Wang, Zhaoyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Resilience curves track the accumulation and restoration of outages during an event on an electric distribution grid. We show that a resilience curve generated from utility data can always be decomposed into an outage process and a restore process and that these processes generally overlap in time. We use many events in real utility data to characterize the statistics of these processes, and derive formulas based on these statistics for resilience metrics such as restore duration, customer hours not served, and outage and restore rates. The formulas express the mean value of these metrics as a function of the number of outages in the event. We also give a formula for the variability of restore duration, which allows us to predict a maximum restore duration with 95% confidence. Overall, we give a simple and general way to decompose resilience curves into outage and restore processes and then show how to use these processes to extract resilience metrics from standard distribution system data.
Selective enhancement of the QCD axion couplings
Creators: name: Darmé, Luc
name: Di Luzio, Luca
name: Giannotti, Maurizio
name: Nardi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mechanism wherein the QCD axion coupling to nucleons, photons, or electrons, can be enhanced selectively without increasing the axion mass. We focus in particular on the axion-nucleon couplings, that are generally considered to be largely model-independent, and we show how nucleophilic axion models can be constructed. We discuss the implications of a nucleophilic axion for astrophysics, cosmology and laboratory searches. We present a model with enhanced axion couplings to nucleons and photons that can provide an excellent fit to the anomalous emission of hard X-rays recently observed from a group of nearby neutron stars, and we argue that such a scenario can be thoroughly tested in forthcoming axion-search experiments.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Matches version published in Phys.Rev.D
Repeated X-ray Flaring Activity in Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Belanger, Guillaume
name: Goldwurm, Andrea
name: Melia, Fulvio
name: Yusef-Zadeh, Farah
name: Ferrando, Philippe
name: Porquet, Delphine
name: Grosso, Nicolas
name: Warwick, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigating the spectral and temporal characteristics of the X-rays coming from Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is essential to our development of a more complete understanding of the emission mechanisms in this supermassive black hole located at the center of our Galaxy. Several X-ray flares with varying durations and spectral features have already been observed from this object. Here we present the results of two long XMM-Newton observations of the Galactic nucleus carried out in 2004, for a total exposure time of nearly 500 ks. During these observations we detected two flares from Sgr A* with peak 2-10 keV luminosities about 40 times (L ~ 9x10^34 erg s−1) above the quiescent luminosity: one on 2004 March 31 and another on 2004 August 31. The first flare lasted about 2.5 ks and the second about 5 ks. The combined fit on the Epic spectra yield photon indeces of about 1.5 and 1.9 for the first and second flare respectively. This hard photon index strongly suggests the presence of an important population of non-thermal electrons during the event and supports the view that the majority of flaring events tend to be hard and not very luminous.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
On The Economic Value of Repeated Interactions Under Adverse Selection
Creators: name: Chillem, Ottorino
name: Gui, Benedetto
name: Rocco, Lorenzo
name: Chillem, Ottorino
name: Gui, Benedetto
name: Rocco, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Political Economy

description: The paper studies, in a repeated interaction setting, how the presence of cooperative agents in a heterogeneous community organized in groups affects efficiency and group stability. The paper expands on existing literature by assuming that each type can profitably mimic other types. It is shown that such enlargement of profitable options prevents group stabilization in the single group case. Stabilization can be obtained with many groups, but its driver is not the efficiency gain due to the presence of cooperative individuals. Rather, stabilization is the result of free riding opportunities.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/19/06.
Automatic Diagnosis of Pneumothorax from Chest Radiographs: A Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Iqbal, Tahira
name: Shaukat, Arslan
name: Akram, Usman
name: Mustansar, Zartasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Among various medical imaging tools, chest radiographs are the most important and widely used diagnostic tool for detection of thoracic pathologies. Research is being carried out in order to propose robust automatic diagnostic tool for detection of pathologies from chest radiographs. Artificial Intelligence techniques especially deep learning methodologies have found to be giving promising results in automating the field of medicine. Lot of research has been done for automatic and fast detection of pneumothorax from chest radiographs while proposing several frameworks based on artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques. This study summarizes the existing literature for the automatic detection of pneumothorax from chest x-rays along with describing the available chest radiographs datasets. The comparative analysis of the literature is also provided in terms of goodness. Limitations of the existing literature along with the research gaps is also given for further investigation. The paper provides a brief overview of the present work for pneumothorax detection for helping the researchers in selection of optimal approach for future research.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, 4 Tables to be published in journal
Thermodynamical properties of topological Born-Infeld-dilaton black holes
Creators: name: Sheykhi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the $(n+1)$-dimensional $(n\geq3)$ action in which gravity is coupled to the Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamic and a dilaton field. We construct a new $(n+1)$-dimensional analytic solution of this theory in the presence of Liouville-type dilaton potentials. These solutions which describe charged topological dilaton black holes with nonlinear electrodynamics, have unusual asymptotics. They are neither asymptotically flat nor (anti)-de Sitter. The event horizons of these black holes can be an $(n-1)$-dimensional positive, zero or negative constant curvature hypersurface. We also analyze thermodynamics and stability of these solutions and disclose the effect of the dilaton and Born-Infeld fields on the thermal stability in the canonical ensemble.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures; IJMPD (2008) to appear
Hotz, Robert (hrsg.): Nikodim, Metropolit von Leningrad und Nowgorod
Creators: name: Brosseder, Johannes
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (1980): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 29, Heft 1
A narrative inquiry into the lived experience of persistent absenteeism among children who have since returned to mainstream school, and the meaning they make of their experiences.
Creators: name: Barron Williams, Helen
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2021
Subjects: persistent absence
mainstream
narrative
second wave positive psychology

description: Persistent Absence (missing at least 10% of school over a term) affects 1 in 10 young people in England, with a greater weighting towards those in marginalised communities. It has long-term negative academic, economic, social and psychological outcomes for young people, their families and communities. This study explores the views of three young people in London who have returned to mainstream secondary school after a period of Persistent Absence. It used a Narrative Inquiry qualitative design to analyse and share their stories and experiences. Data was gathered through unstructured interviews with some narrative prompts, and then analysed according to a Narrative Oriented Inquiry model. This first involved dividing texts into two parts: Sjuzet (the way in which the story is told)and Fabula (the sequence of relayed events). A second holistic stage of analysis was employed to answer the question “what story is the participant trying to tell?” and to draw out any common themes across the three. The findings illustrate how lonely and overwhelming secondary school can be, and how transition is a deeply difficult time for some young people, with absence being used perhaps as a coping mechanism. They also show the impressive perseverance and effort that these three young people put in to return and how relationships, a sense of agency and self-worth are crucial to their success. Applied to the theories of Second Wave Positive Psychology, the narratives help formulate a tentative model of how young people might experience Persistent Absence as a traumatic event, and move through it to a place of growth, by drawing on the good and the bad elements of their realities. Coming from an ecosystemic and interpretive-constructivist background, the study highlights how important the people and communities around young people are in providing the right conditions for resilience and growth. The thesis concludes by discussing the implications of the findings for future research and Educational Psychology practice.
title: Из истории обсуждения основных направлений транспортного освоения севера Западной Сибири (по материалам Тюменской конференции 1969 г.)
title: FROM THE HISTORY OF DISCUSSION OF THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE TYUMEN CONFERENCE IN 1969)
Creators: name: Веселов, Севостьян Игоревич
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2020

description: В статье анализируется роль проведенной в 1969 г. в Тюмени конференции по проблемам развития и размещения производительных сил в формировании стратегии транспортного освоения нефтегазоносных районов Западной Сибири. Акцентируется внимание на основных позициях участников конференции по вопросам транспортного строительства. Дискуссия рассматривается в контексте ситуации, сложившейся во второй половине 1960-х гг. в дорожно-строительной отрасли севера Тюменской области.
description: The article analyzes the role of the conference in Tyumen, 1969, on the problems of development and deployment of productive forces in shaping the strategy of transport development of oil and gas-bearing regions in Western Siberia. Attention is focused on the main positions of the conference participants on transport construction. The discussion is considered in the context of the situation that developed in the second half of the 1960s in the road construction industry in the North of the Tyumen Oblast.
Evaluation of Parties and Coalitions After Parliamentary Elections
Creators: name: Tangian, Andranik
name: Tangian, Andranik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Political Economy

description: Five leading German political parties and their coalitions are evaluated with regard to party manifestos and results of the 2005 parliamentary elections. For this purpose, the party manifestos are converted into Yes/No answers to 95 topical questions (Relax the protection against dismissals? Close nuclear power plants? etc.). On each question, every party represents its adherents as well as those of the parties with the same position. Therefore, a party usually represents a larger group than its voters. The popularity of a party is understood to be the percentage of the electorate represented, averaged on all the 95 questions. The universality of a party is the frequency of representing a majority of electors. The questions are considered either unweighted, or weighted by an expert, or weighted by the number of GOOGLE-results for given keywords (the more important the question, the more documents in the Internet). The weighting however plays a negligible role because the party answers are backed up by the party ``ideology'' which determines a high intra-question correlation. The SPD (Social-Democratic Party) did not receive the highest percentage of votes, remains nevertheless the most popular and the most universal German party. A comparison of the election results with the position of German Trade Union Federation (DGB) reveals its high representativeness as well. Finally, all coalitions with two and three parties are also evaluated. The coalition CDU/SPD (which is currently in power) is the most popular, and the coalition SPD/Green/Left-Party (which failed due to personal conflicts) is the most universal.
Multi-pulse solitary waves in a fourth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Parker, Ross
name: Aceves, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K40, 37K45, 37N20, 35C08

description: In the present work, we consider the existence and spectral stability of multi-pulse solitary wave solutions to a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with both fourth and second order dispersion terms. We first give a criterion for the existence of a single solitary wave solution in terms of the coefficients of the dispersion terms, and then show that a discrete family of multi-pulse solutions exists which is characterized by the distances between the individual pulses. We then reduce the spectral stability problem for these multi-pulses to computing the determinant of a matrix which is, to leading order, block diagonal. Under an additional assumption, which can be verified numerically, we show that all multi-pulses are spectrally unstable. For double pulses, numerical computations are presented which are in good agreement with our analytical results.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures
Optical Emission from Aspherical Supernovae and the Hypernova SN 1998bw
Creators: name: Maeda, K.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Nomoto, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fully 3D Monte Carlo scheme is applied to compute optical bolometric light curves for aspherical (jet-like) supernova explosion models. Density and abundance distributions are taken from hydrodynamic explosion models, with the energy varied as a parameter to explore the dependence. Our models show initially a very large degree ($\sim 4$ depending on model parameters) of boosting luminosity toward the polar ($z$) direction relative to the equatorial ($r$) plane, which decreases as the time of peak is approached. After the peak, the factor of the luminosity boost remains almost constant ($\sim 1.2$) until the supernova enters the nebular phase. This behavior is due mostly to the aspherical $^{56}$Ni distribution in the earlier phase and to the disk-like inner low-velocity structure in the later phase. Also the aspherical models yield an earlier peak date than the spherical models, especially if viewed from near the z-axis. Aspherical models with ejecta mass $\sim 10\Msun$ are examined, and one with the kinetic energy of the expansion $\sim 2 \pm 0.5 \times 10^{52}$ ergs and a mass of $^{56}$Ni $\sim 0.4\Msun$ yields a light curve in agreement with the observed light curve of SN 1998bw (the prototypical hyper-energetic supernova). The aspherical model is also at least qualitatively consistent with evolution of photospheric velocities, showing large velocities near the z-axis, and with a late-phase nebular spectrum. The viewing angle is close to the z-axis, strengthening the case for the association of SN 1998bw with the gamma ray burst GRB980425.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal. 28 pages, 14 figures
Controlling soliton explosions
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. A.
name: Bellorin, A.
name: Guerrero, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of solitons in generalized Klein-Gordon equations in the presence of nonlinear damping and spatiotemporal perturbations. We will present different mechanisms for soliton explosions. We show (both analytically and numerically) that some space-dependent perturbations or nonlinear damping can make the soliton internal mode unstable leading to soliton explosion. We will show that, in some cases, while some conditions are satisfied, the soliton explodes becoming a permanent, extremely complex, spatiotemporal dynamics. We believe these mechanisms can explain some of the phenomena that recently have been reported to occur in excitable media. We present a method for controlling soliton explosions.
description: 3 .eps figures. Accepted in Physics Letters A
MPEC 2024-T227 : 2024 TU8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TU8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Remark on Immirzi Parameter, Torsion, and Discrete Symmetries
Creators: name: Khriplovich, I. B.
name: Pomeransky, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the new interaction of spinning particles with the torsion tensor, discussed recently, is odd under charge conjugation and time reversal. This explains rather unexpected symmetry properties of the induced effective 4-fermion interaction.
description: 3 pages