cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thymic Development of Autoreactive T Cells in NOD Mice Is Regulated in an Age-Dependent Manner
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Morillon II, Y. Maurice
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Kroger, Charles J.
name: Spidale, Nicholas A.
name: Tisch, Roland
name: Liu, Bo
name: He, Qiuming
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Inefficient thymic negative selection of self-specific T cells is associated with several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). The factors that influence the efficacy of thymic negative selection, and the kinetics of thymic output of autoreactive T cells remain ill-defined. We investigated thymic production of β cell-specific T cells using a thymus transplantation model. Thymi from different aged NOD mice representing distinct stages of T1D, were implanted into NOD.scid recipients and the diabetogenicity of the resulting T cell pool examined. Strikingly, the development of diabetes-inducing β cell-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was regulated in an age-dependent manner. NOD.scid recipients of newborn NOD thymi developed diabetes. However, recipients of thymi from 7 and 10 d-old NOD donor mice remained diabetes-free, and exhibited a progressive decline in islet infiltration and β cell-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. A similar temporal decrease in autoimmune infiltration was detected in some but not all tissues of recipient mice implanted with thymi from NOD mice lacking expression of the autoimmune regulator transcription factor, which develop multi-organ T cell-mediated autoimmunity. In contrast, recipients of 10 d or older thymi lacked diabetogenic T cells but developed severe colitis marked by increased effector T cells reactive to intestinal microbiota. These results demonstrate that thymic development of autoreactive T cells is limited to a narrow time-window, and occurs in a reciprocal manner compared to colonic microbiota-responsive T cells in NOD mice.
Stress shift under cliticization in Nuorese Sardinian
Creators: name: Lai, Rosangela
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2017

description: In most Romance languages clitics are stress neutral: when they attach to a host, they have no effect on stress placement: this is the case of Italian and Spanish. However, a small group of Romance languages is exceptional in this respect, e.g., Neapolitan and some Catalan, Occitan and Lucanian varieties. Sardinian is among them. Sardinian varieties display stress shift under cliticization in the imperative and gerund forms. Differences can be found across these varieties with respect to stress placement (Lai 2016). Here we will focus on the behaviour of Nuorese Sardinian, a variety from the central-northern area of the island of Sardinia. We will show that Sardinian varieties are unique in the Romance domain because they display stress shift not only with enclitics but also with proclitics. This is evidence for the proposal that Sardinian clitic clusters (both in enclisis and proclisis) constitute a prosodic word of their own.
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 3 (2017)
A new estimation method for mass of an isolated neutron star using gravitational waves
Creators: name: Ono, Kenji
name: Eda, Kazunari
name: Itoh, Yousuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a possibility of estimating mass of an isolated rapidly rotating neutron star (NS) from a continuous gravitational wave (GW) signal emitted by the NS. When the GW passes through the gravitational potential of the NS, the GW takes a slightly longer time to travel to an observer than it does in the absence of the NS. Such a time dilation effect holds also for photons and is often referred to as the gravitational time delay (or the Shapiro time delay). Correspondingly, the phase of the GW from the NS shifts due to the Coulomb type gravitational potential of the NS, and the resulting logarithmic phase shift depends on the mass, the spin frequency of the NS, and the distance to the NS. We show that the NS mass can, in principle, be obtained by making use of the phase shift difference between two modes of the continuous GW such as once and twice spin frequency modes induced by a freely precessing NS or a NS containing a pinned superfluid core. We estimate the measurement accuracy of the NS mass using Monte Carlo simulations and find that the mass of the NS with its ellipticity $10^{-6}$ at 1 kpc is typically measurable with an accuracy $20%$ using Einstein Telescope.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Acute and Chronic B Cell Depletion Disrupts CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Homeostasis and Expansion during Acute Viral Infection in Mice
Creators: name: Weimer, Eric T.
name: Tedder, Thomas F.
name: Lykken, Jacquelyn M.
name: Roser-Page, Susanne
name: Heise, Mark T.
name: Weitzmann, M. Neale
name: Grayson, Jason M.
name: DiLillo, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: B cells provide humoral protection against pathogens and promote cellular immunity through diverse nonclassical effector functions. To assess B cell function in promoting T cell homeostasis, mature B cells were either acutely or chronically depleted in mice using CD20 mAb. Acute B cell depletion in either 2- or 4-mo-old mice significantly reduced spleen and lymph node CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers, including naive, activated, and Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cell subsets. The numbers of IFN-γ– and TNF-α–producing T cells were also significantly reduced. Chronic B cell depletion for 6 mo in aged naive mice resulted in a 40–70% reduction in activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers and 20–50% reductions in IFN-γ–producing T cells. Therefore, B cells were necessary for maintaining naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell homeostasis for subsequent optimal T cell expansion in young and old mice. To determine the significance of this finding, a week of B cell depletion in 4-mo-old mice was followed by acute viral infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Armstrong. Despite their expansion, activated and cytokine-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers were still significantly reduced 1 wk later. Moreover, viral peptide-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers and effector cell development were significantly reduced in mice lacking B cells, whereas lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus titers were dramatically increased. Thus, T cell function is maintained in B cell–depleted mice, but B cells are required for optimal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell homeostasis, activation, and effector development in vivo, particularly during responses to acute viral infection.
Fitonimia arbëreshe: le designazioni delle piante rampicanti
Creators: name: Pignoli, Maria Luisa
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2017

description: This article provides an analysis of some climbers’ names that are part of a larger research carried out on arbëresh plant names in eight of the fifty Albanian minority villages in the south of Italy. The interest in ethnoclassifications has increased since geolinguistics began to structure its scientific contribution through linguistic atlases (ALE and ALiR). These trans-national enterprises tackle the study of lexical facts considering as fundamental the role that semantic motivation plays during the lexical creation because it represents an essential component of the naming process. The analysis of the climbers’ names allow, on the one hand, to identify some common semantic patterns lexical creation is based on and, on the other, to provide new insights into Albanian etymology and diachronic lexicology.
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 3 (2017)
(1808) Lachlan Campbell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effect of weak measurement on entanglement distribution over noisy channels
Creators: name: Wang, Xin-Wen
name: Yu, Sixia
name: Zhang, Deng-Yu
name: Oh, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Being able to implement effective entanglement distribution in noisy environments is a key step towards practical quantum communication, and long-term efforts have been made on the development of it. Recently, it has been found that the null-result weak measurement (NRWM) can be used to enhance probabilistically the entanglement of a single copy of amplitude-damped entangled state. This paper investigates remote distributions of bipartite and multipartite entangled states in the amplitudedamping environment by combining NRWMs and entanglement distillation protocols (EDPs). We show that the NRWM has no positive effect on the distribution of bipartite maximally entangled states and multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, although it is able to increase the amount of entanglement of each source state (noisy entangled state) of EDPs with a certain probability. However, we find that the NRWM would contribute to remote distributions of multipartite W states. We demonstrate that the NRWM can not only reduce the fidelity thresholds for distillability of decohered W states, but also raise the distillation efficiencies of W states. Our results suggest a new idea for quantifying the ability of a local filtering operation in protecting entanglement from decoherence.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Minor revision has been made
Fenomeni fonetici e morfo-sintattici del dialetto campano di Pagani
Creators: name: Vitolo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2017

description: This research entails an investigation into the dialectal reality of Pagani, that is, a small town located in Campania (Italy). In particular, the results of this linguistic fieldwork will be set out to test the phonetic and morphosyntactic features of the dialectal variety of Pagani. Another aim will be the analysis of the evolution of dialectal speech through the generations. Through the analysis of a speech corpus, a series of phonetic and morphosyntactic elements that appear to be the most significant will be presented, particularly in order to reveal forms of contamination by the neighbouring Vesuvian dialectal area, but also the speech affinities with the dialectal varieties of the linguistic area of the province of Salerno.
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 3 (2017)
Non-Abelian discrete gauge symmetries in F-theory
Creators: name: Grimm, Thomas W.
name: Pugh, Tom G.
name: Regalado, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of non-Abelian discrete gauge symmetries in four-dimensional F-theory compactifications is investigated. Such symmetries are shown to arise from seven-brane configurations in genuine F-theory settings without a weak string coupling description. Gauge fields on mutually non-local seven-branes are argued to gauge both R-R and NS-NS two-form bulk axions. The gauging is completed into a generalisation of the Heisenberg group with either additional seven-brane gauge fields or R-R bulk gauge fields. The former case relies on having seven-brane fluxes, while the latter case requires torsion cohomology and is analysed in detail through the M-theory dual. Remarkably, the M-theory reduction yields an Abelian theory that becomes non-Abelian when translated into the correct duality frame to perform the F-theory limit. The reduction shows that the gauge coupling function depends on the gauged scalars and transforms non-trivially as required for the groups encountered. This field dependence agrees with the expectations for the kinetic mixing of seven-branes and is unchanged if the gaugings are absent.
description: 41 pages
B Cell Depletion Curtails CD4+ T Cell Memory and Reduces Protection against Disseminating Virus Infection
Creators: name: Misumi, Ichiro
name: Whitmire, Jason K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Dynamic interactions between CD4+ T cells and B cells are needed for humoral immunity and CD4+ T cell memory. It is not known whether B cells are needed early on to induce the formation of memory precursor cells or are needed later to sustain memory cells. Herein, primary and memory CD4+ T cells responses were followed in wildtype mice that were depleted of mature B cells by anti-CD20 before or different times after acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. The antibody treatment led to a 1000-fold reduction in B cell number that lasted 6 weeks. Primary virus-specific CD4+ Th1 cells were generated in B cell-depleted mice, however, there was a decrease in the CD4+Ly6CloTbet+ memory precursor population and a corresponding 4-fold reduction in CD4+ memory cell number. Memory T cells showed impaired cytokine production when they formed without B cells. B cell-depletion had no effect on established memory populations. During disseminating virus infection, B cell depletion led to sustained weight loss, functional exhaustion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and prevented mice from resolving the infection. Thus, B cells contribute to the establishment and survival of memory CD4+ T cells following acute infection and play an essential role in immune protection against disseminating virus infection.
Additional file 3 of Conversion of hulled into naked barley by Cas endonuclease-mediated knockout of the NUD gene
Creators: name: Gerasimova, Sophia V.
name: Hertig, Christian
name: Korotkova, Anna M.
name: Kolosovskaya, Ekaterina V.
name: Otto, Ingrid
name: Hiekel, Stefan
name: Kochetov, Alex V.
name: Khlestkina, Elena K.
name: Kumlehn, Jochen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table S3. Deep-sequencing results for target motifs in mutated protoplast population.
(1805) James Crawford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The modal particle ma 嘛: theoretical frames, analysis and interpretive perspectives
Creators: name: Lepadat, Carmen
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2017

description: This article sets out to provide a semantic and pragmatic account of the modal particle ma 嘛, endeavouring to put into light new aspects in its function which, at present, remain widely unexplored in the literature. It presents an analysis of the particle ma by interrogating a written and a spoken corpus, showing how the semantic and the pragmatic levels are tightly interweaved in the functioning of ma: the results supported my hypothesis that the particle is plausibly a marker of interpersonal evidentiality (IE), a category set up by Tantucci (2013), used to signal a socially acknowledged piece of information, playing a fundamental role in the expression of politeness by safeguarding the interlocutors’ face; consequently, ma is always used with information that has an active or accessible status in the interlocutors’ mind and that is always pragmatically salient, independently of its position (at the end or inside the sentence), marking a Topic or a Focus. The particle performs pragmatic functions close to the ones of discourse markers since it increases the relevance of the marked information to the context, therefore also playing a contributing role in the coherence of discourse.
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 3 (2017)
Cutting Edge: Antigen-Specific Thymocyte Feedback Regulates Homeostatic Thymic Conventional Dendritic Cell Maturation
Creators: name: Tisch, Roland
name: Wang, Bo
name: Spidale, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Thymic dendritic cells (DC) mediate self-tolerance by presenting self-peptides to and depleting autoreactive thymocytes. Despite a significant role in negative selection, the events regulating thymic DC maturation and function under steady-state conditions are poorly understood. We report that crosstalk with thymocytes regulates thymic conventional DC (cDC) numbers, phenotype, and function. In mice lacking TCR-expressing thymocytes, thymic cDC were reduced and exhibited a less mature phenotype. Furthermore, thymic cDC in TCR transgenic mice lacking cognate antigen expression in the thymus were also immature; notably, however, thymic cDC maturation was reestablished by an Ag-specific cognate interaction with CD4+ or CD8+ single-positive thymocytes (SP). Blockade of CD40 ligand during Ag-specific interactions with CD4SP but not CD8SP limited the effect on cDC maturation. Together, these novel findings demonstrate that homeostatic maturation and function of thymic cDC is regulated by feedback delivered by CD4SP and CD8SP via distinct mechanisms during a cognate Ag-specific interaction.
MONTAIGNE. Of Drunkenness. Montaigne’s Essay on Drunkenness.
Creators: name: Jellinek, E. M. (Elvin Morton)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1946

description: An article published in the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol and in the volume entitled Classics of the Alcohol Literature, the primary source of many seminal articles related to Alcohol Studies.
IFN-  Exerts Opposing Effects on T Cell Responses Depending on the Chronicity of the Virus Infection
Creators: name: Whitmire, Jason K.
name: Misumi, Ichiro
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: IFN-lambda (IFN-λ) induces an antiviral state in many cell types and may contribute to the overall inflammatory environment following infection. Either of these effects may influence adaptive immune responses, but the role of type-3 interferons in the development of primary and memory T cell responses to infection has not been evaluated. Herein, we examined T cell responses to acute or persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in IFN-λR1-deficient mice. Following acute infection, we find that IFN-λR1-deficient mice produced normal levels of interferon, robust NK cell responses, but greater than normal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses compared to WT Balb/c mice. There were more T cells that were IL-7Rhi and, correspondingly, the IFN-λR-deficient mice showed a 2–3-fold increase in memory T cell number. The inhibitory effect of IFN-λR expression was independent of direct cytokine signaling into T cells. In contrast to acute infection, the IFN-λR-deficient mice generated markedly diminished T cell responses and had greater weight loss compared to WT mice when confronted with a highly disseminating variant of LCMV. These data indicate that IFN-λR limits T cell responses and memory following transient infection but augments T cell responses during persisting infection. Thus, the immune regulatory functions for IFN-λR are complex and vary with the overall inflammatory environment.
Additional file 1 of Bromodomain-containing protein 4 regulates interleukin-34 expression in mouse ovarian cancer cells
Creators: name: Nanumi Han
name: Delnur Anwar
name: Hama, Naoki
name: Kobayashi, Takuto
name: Suzuki, Hidefumi
name: Takahashi, Hidehisa
name: Wada, Haruka
name: Otsuka, Ryo
name: Baghdadi, Muhammad
name: Seino, Ken-Ichiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Effects of various inhibitors upon IL34 mRNA expression in cancer cells. Normalized value of IL34 expression in Vemurafenib (BRAF inhibitor)-treated melanoma cell line A375, SB216763 (Glycogen synthase inhibitor)-treated leukemia cell line RS4.11, Bortezomib (proteasome inhibitor)-treated breast cancer cell line MCF7, Imatinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor)-treated leukemia cell line EOL-1, SAHA (histone deacetylase inhibitor)-treated ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3, JQ1 (BET inhibitor)-treated MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell line CHP-212, and PD-0325901 (MEK inhibitor)-treated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor tissue from the NCBI database.
Allozyme variation and genetic divergence in populations of Talitrus saltator (Crustacea: Amphipoda) around the Atlantic coast, the Azores and the Canary Islands
Creators: name: BULNHEIM, Hans-Peter
name: SCHWENZER, Dorothea E.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1999

description: Individuals from 15 supralittoral populations of the marine amphipod Talitrus saltator collected in a range from
 northern Portugal to south-west Spain, as well as from the Azores, and the Canary Islands, were electrophoretically analysed
 and compared with specimens from two NW-Atlantic populations. Patterns of significant differences in gene frequencies and
 geographic divergence were examined, using starch-gel electrophoresis. Out of ten enzymes loci investigated, 4 (glutamate-
 oxalacetate-transaminase-2, Got-2, mannose-phosphate-isomerase, Mpi, phosphoglucoisomerase, Pgi, phosphoglucomutase,
 Pgm,) were highly polymorphic. A clinal variation in allele frequency was obvious, and especially at two loci (Pgi, Pgm).
 Estimates of Nm (effective number of migrants per generation between populations) revealed reduced gene flow which is
 related to the restricted dispersal capacity of T. saltator. UPGMA cluster analysis, based upon polymorphic loci, shows two
 different groups of populations: (1) those form Portugal, including the populations of the Azores, and (2) those from the gulf
 of Cadiz which extends with modifications of allele frequencies to the Gibraltar region and to the Canary Islands. Genetic
 differentiation is proposed to be promoted by random genetic drift and natural selection.
Explore Spatiotemporal and Demographic Characteristics of Human Mobility via Twitter: A Case Study of Chicago
Creators: name: Luo, Feixiong
name: Cao, Guofeng
name: Mulligan, Kevin
name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing human mobility patterns is essential for understanding human behaviors and the interactions with socioeconomic and natural environment. With the continuing advancement of location and Web 2.0 technologies, location-based social media (LBSM) have been gaining widespread popularity in the past few years. With an access to locations of users, profiles and the contents of the social media posts, the LBSM data provided a novel modality of data source for human mobility study. By exploiting the explicit location footprints and mining the latent demographic information implied in the LBSM data, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of human mobility with a particular focus on the impact of demography. We first collect geo-tagged Twitter feeds posted in the conterminous United States area, and organize the collection of feeds using the concept of space-time trajectory corresponding to each Twitter user. Commonly human mobility measures, including detected home and activity centers, are derived for each user trajectory. We then select a subset of Twitter users that have detected home locations in the city of Chicago as a case study, and apply name analysis to the names provided in user profiles to learn the implicit demographic information of Twitter users, including race/ethnicity, gender and age. Finally we explore the spatiotemporal distribution and mobility characteristics of Chicago Twitter users, and investigate the demographic impact by comparing the differences across three demographic dimensions (race/ethnicity, gender and age). We found that, although the human mobility measures of different demographic groups generally follow the generic laws (e.g., power law distribution), the demographic information, particular the race/ethnicity group, significantly affects the urban human mobility patterns.
New Normanellidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from western Pacific cold seeps including a review of the genus Normanella
Creators: name: LEE, Wonchoel
name: HUYS, Rony
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1999

description: Two new species of Normanellidae are described from cold seeps at the southeast side of Hatsushima Island in
 Sagami Bay, Japan. A new genus Sagamiella is proposed to accommodate S. latirostrata sp. nov. and Normanella aberrans
 Bodin, 1968, originally described from 1200 m depth in the Bay of Biscay. The second cold seep species, N. bifida sp. nov.,
 is placed in the genus Normanella and shows affinity to the species of the mucronata-lineage.
 The taxonomy of Normanella in NW Europe is thoroughly revised and several lineages are recognized within the genus.
 Both sexes of the problematic type species N. dubia Brady & Robertson in Brady (1880) are completely redescribed on the
 basis of material from the Isles of Scilly and Northumberland; a neotype has been designated. Material from Exmouth and
 Eddystone Lighthouse, identified by Norman & T. Scott (1906) as N. dubia, is redescribed as N. obscura sp. nov.
 The controversy over the antennule segmentation in N. minuta (Boeck, 1873) is reviewed and new diagnostic features for
 this species are illustrated. N. cf. minuta sensu Arlt (1983) from the Baltic is based on a copepodid V stage. The male from
 La Rochelle described as N. minuta (?) by Bodin (1972) does not belong to Boeck's species and is ranked species inquirenda
 in the genus. The presumed amphiatlantic distribution of N. minuta is based on unsubstantiated evidence. Willey's (1930)
 material from Bermuda does not belong to N. minuta and is considered species inquirenda in the minuta-lineage. N. minuta
 sensu Pallares (1975) from Argentina is regarded as a sibling species of the NW European species and renamed N. pallaresae
 sp. nov.
 The Norfolk material, originally identified as N. tenuifurca Sars, 1909, is described as a new species N. paratenuifurca which
 is closely related to the Norwegian one. The three illustrated records of N. serrata Por, 1959 refer to three different species.
 N. serrata sensu Bozic (1964) from La Réunion is considered species inquirenda in the minuta-lineage and Marinov &
 Apos
IL-2 Protects Lupus-Prone Mice from Multiple End-Organ Damage by Limiting CD4 − CD8 − IL-17–Producing T Cells
Creators: name: Tsokos, George C.
name: Lieberman, Linda A.
name: Koga, Tomohiro
name: Beltran, Jessica
name: Johnson, Mark C.
name: Mizui, Masayuki
name: Tisch, Roland
name: Yoshida, Nobuya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine with pleiotropic effects, is critical for immune cell activation and peripheral tolerance. Although the therapeutic potential of IL-2 has been previously suggested in autoimmune diseases, the mechanisms whereby IL-2 mitigates autoimmunity and prevents organ damage remains unclear. Using an inducible recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector we investigated the effect of low systemic levels of IL-2 in lupus-prone MRL/Faslpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice. Treatment of mice after the onset of disease with IL-2-rAAV resulted in reduced mononuclear cell infiltration and pathology of various tissues including skin, lungs and kidneys. In parallel, we noted a significant decrease of IL-17-producing CD3+CD4−CD8− double-negative T cells and an increase in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ immunoregulatory T cells (Treg) in the periphery. We also show that IL-2 can drive DN T cell death through an indirect mechanism. Notably, targeted delivery of IL-2 to CD122+ cytotoxic lymphocytes effectively reduced the number of DN T cells and lymphadenopathy whereas selective expansion of Treg by IL-2 had no effect on DN T cells. Collectively, our data suggest that administration of IL-2 to lupus-prone mice protects against end-organ damage and suppresses inflammation by dually limiting IL-17-producing DN T cells and expanding Treg.
Additional file 1 of Conversion of hulled into naked barley by Cas endonuclease-mediated knockout of the NUD gene
Creators: name: Gerasimova, Sophia V.
name: Hertig, Christian
name: Korotkova, Anna M.
name: Kolosovskaya, Ekaterina V.
name: Otto, Ingrid
name: Hiekel, Stefan
name: Kochetov, Alex V.
name: Khlestkina, Elena K.
name: Kumlehn, Jochen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Guide RNA structure and activity in the transient expression test.
CONTRIBUTION A L'ÉTUDE DU DÉVELOPPEMENT LARVAIRE DE CLIBANARIUS ERYTHROPUS (LATREILLE) (CRUSTACÉ DÉCAPODE ANOMOURE DIOGÉNIDÉ)
Creators: name: LE ROUX, Auguste
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1966

description: Larvae of Clibanarius erythropus, hatched in the laboratory have been reared to adult. Normal development of this species includes four zoeal stages. Description and figures of the fourth Zoé are given.
ÉCOLOGIE TROPHIQUE DES CRUSTACÉS ET POLLUTION PAR LE MERCURE DANS UN ÉTANG SAUMATRE MÉDITERRANÉEN (SANTA GILLA, SARDAIGNE)
Creators: name: PORCU, M.
name: TAGLIASACCHI MASALA, M.L.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1983

Abstract
Innate PI3K p110  Regulates Th1/Th17 Development and Microbiota-Dependent Colitis
Creators: name: Kennedy, Samantha T.
name: Russo, Steven M.
name: Plevy, Scott E.
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Liu, Bo
name: Gipson, Gregory R.
name: Borst, Luke B.
name: Ting, Jenny P.Y.
name: Herfarth, Hans
name: Sheikh, Shehzad Z.
name: Uno, Jennifer K.
name: Mishima, Yoshiyuki
name: Steinbach, Erin C.
name: Kobayashi, Taku
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The p110δ subunit of class IA PI3K modulates signaling in innate immune cells. We previously demonstrated that mice harboring a kinase-dead p110δ subunit (p110δ(KD)) develop spontaneous colitis. Macrophages contributed to the Th1/Th17 cytokine bias in p110δ(KD) mice through increased IL-12 and IL-23 expression. In this study, we show that the enteric microbiota is required for colitis development in germfree p110δ(KD) mice. Colonic tissue and macrophages from p110δ(KD) mice produce significantly less IL-10 compared with wild-type mice. p110δ(KD) APCs cocultured with naive CD4+ Ag-specific T cells also produce significantly less IL-10 and induce more IFN-γ- and IL-17A-producing CD4+ T cells compared with wild-type APCs. Illustrating the importance of APC-T cell interactions in colitis pathogenesis in vivo, Rag1(-/-)/p110δ(KD) mice develop mild colonic inflammation and produced more colonic IL-12p40 compared with Rag1(-/-) mice. However, CD4+ CD45RB(high/low) T cell Rag1(-/-)/p110δ(KD) recipient mice develop severe colitis with increased percentages of IFN-γ- and IL-17A-producing lamina propria CD3+D4+ T cells compared with Rag1(-/-) recipient mice. Intestinal tissue samples from patients with Crohn's disease reveal significantly lower expression of PIK3CD compared with intestinal samples from non-inflammatory bowel disease control subjects (p < 0.05). PIK3CD expression inversely correlates with the ratio of IL12B:IL10 expression. In conclusion, the PI3K subunit p110δ controls homeostatic APC-T cell interactions by altering the balance between IL-10 and IL-12/23. Defects in p110δ expression and/or function may underlie the pathogenesis of human inflammatory bowel disease and lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Physical spawning environment of Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) in the eastern coast of Tunisia (Ionian Sea, Mediterranean)
Creators: name: ZARRAD, Rafik
name: JARBOUI, Othman
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: A hydrographic and ichthyoplankton survey was carried out on 63 stations along the eastern coast of Tunisia from 17th to 26th December 2008. The objective was to study the physical features of the Sardina pilchardus spawning areas. The winter conditions were installed. Water column was well mixed and the sea surface temperature mean was around 16.84°C. The entrance of the Modified Atlantic Waters (MAW) in the East of Tunisia was clearly shown. Sardine eggs and larvae represented 35 and 71% of each ichthyoplankton stage, respectively. They were mainly (≈ 96%) found over the continental shelf. Sardine spawned mainly in the bathymetry range 40-80 m and outer of the MAW area (SSS < 37.25). Two main spawning areas were found, the first was found in the north and coastal (south of Kelibia), and the second in the south and far from the coast of Teboulba, with bathymetries of 56 and 79 m, respectively. The surface current played an important role in the distribution of larval stages by the transport, the dispersion and the concentration.
A multiscale mechanobiological model of bone remodelling predicts site-specific bone loss in the femur during osteoporosis and mechanical disuse
Creators: name: Lerebours, C.
name: Buenzli, P. R.
name: Scheiner, S.
name: Pivonka, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a multiscale mechanobiological model of bone remodelling to investigate the site-specific evolution of bone volume fraction across the midshaft of a femur. The model includes hormonal regulation and biochemical coupling of bone cell populations, the influence of the microstructure on bone turnover rate, and mechanical adaptation of the tissue. Both microscopic and tissue-scale stress/strain states of the tissue are calculated from macroscopic loads by a combination of beam theory and micromechanical homogenisation. This model is applied to simulate the spatio-temporal evolution of a human midshaft femur scan subjected to two deregulating circumstances: (i) osteoporosis and (ii) mechanical disuse. Both simulated deregulations led to endocortical bone loss, cortical wall thinning and expansion of the medullary cavity, in accordance with experimental findings. Our model suggests that these observations are attributable to a large extent to the influence of the microstructure on bone turnover rate. Mechanical adaptation is found to help preserve intracortical bone matrix near the periosteum. Moreover, it leads to non-uniform cortical wall thickness due to the asymmetry of macroscopic loads introduced by the bending moment. The effect of mechanical adaptation near the endosteum can be greatly affected by whether the mechanical stimulus includes stress concentration effects or not.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
title: Towards identifying scale-dependent impacts on groundwater level dynamics with Deep Learning
Creators: name:  Nolte , Annika
name:  Bender , Steffen
name:  Hartmann , Jens
name:  Baltruschat , Stefan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Detailed process-understanding of climatic and non-climatic drivers is generally required to estimate future groundwater availability under climate change. Groundwater level (GWL) dynamics are very sensitive to groundwater pumping, but information on their local effects and magnitude – especially in combination with natural fluctuations – is often missing or inaccurate. It has been shown by previous studies that complex hydrogeological processes can be learned from neural networks, whereby Deep Learning (DL) demonstrates its strengths particularly in combination with large data sets. However, there are limitations in the interpretability of the predictions and the transferability with such methods. Furthermore, most groundwater data are not yet ready for data-driven applications. This study aims at improving GWL predictions with DL by combining big data elements from a newly constructed global groundwater database with long-term short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Our underlying hypothesis is that scale-dependent processes can be learned for groundwater dynamics, similar to streamflow data. For our experiments we use continuous groundwater level observations from basins worldwide and basin attributes – spatially heterogeneous but temporally static catchment attributes (e.g. topography) and continuous observations of the meteorological forcing (precipitation and temperature). The initial results are consistent with previous studies in that GWL prediction performance is good with LSTM models trained with climate input on single wells. It is now being tested whether the LSTM model trained on many wells simultaneously is able to represent the climatic effects - but not the anthropogenic effects, e.g. with wells that are considered to be anthropogenically unaffected.
NFIL3-Deficient Mice Develop Microbiota-Dependent, IL-12/23-Driven Spontaneous Colitis
Creators: name: Murray, Peter J.
name: Maharshak, Nitsan
name: Plevy, Scott E.
name: Matsuoka, Katsuyoshi
name: Kashiwada, Masaki
name: Borst, Luke B.
name: Russo, Steven M.
name: Kobayashi, Taku
name: Sheikh, Shehzad Z.
name: Rothman, Paul B.
name: Hostager, Bruce
name: Nochi, Tomonori
name: Steinbach, Erin C.
name: Garcia-Martinez, J. Victor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: NFIL3 (nuclear factor, IL-3 regulated) is a transcription factor that regulates multiple immunologic functions. In myeloid cells, NFIL3 is IL-10 inducible, and has a key role as a repressor of IL-12p40 transcription. NFIL3 is a susceptibility gene for the human inflammatory bowel diseases. Here we describe spontaneous colitis in Nfil3−/− mice. Mice lacking both Nfil3 and Il10 (NIDKO) had severe early-onset colitis, suggesting NFIL3 and IL-10 independently regulate mucosal homeostasis. Lymphocytes were necessary for colitis, as Nfil3/Rag1 double knockout (NRDKO) mice were protected from disease. However, NRDKO mice adoptively transferred with wild type CD4+ T cells developed severe colitis compared to Rag1−/− recipients, suggesting that colitis was linked to defects in innate immune cells. Colitis was abrogated in Nfil3/Il12b double-deficient mice, identifying Il12b dysregulation as a central pathogenic event. Finally, germ-free Nfil3−/− mice do not have colonic inflammation. Thus, NFIL3 is a microbiota-dependent, IL-10-independent regulator of mucosal homeostasis via IL-12p40.
Conformation-dependent anti-Aβ monoclonal antibody signatures of disease status and severity in urine of women with preeclampsia
Creators: name: Valtanen, Rosa S
name: Buhimschi, Catalin
name: Bahtiyar, Mert O
name: Zhao, Guomao
name: Jing, Hongwu
name: Ackerman, William
name: Glabe, Charles G
name: Buhimschi, Irina
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Prior research has shown that urine of women with preeclampsia (PE) contains amyloid-like aggregates that are congophilic (exhibit affinity for the amyloidophilic dye Congo red) and immunoreactive with A11, a polyclonal serum against prefibrillar β-amyloid oligomers, thereby supporting pathogenic similarity between PE and protein conformational disorders such as Alzheimer's and prion disease. The objective of this study was to interrogate PE urine using monoclonal antibodies with previously characterized A11-like epitopes. Over 100 conformation-dependent monoclonals were screened and three (mA11-09, mA11-89, and mA11-205) selected for further confirmation in 196 urine samples grouped as follows: severe features PE (sPE, n = 114), PE without severe features (mPE, n = 30), chronic hypertension (crHTN, n = 14) and normotensive pregnant control (P-CRL, n = 38). We showed that the selected conformation-specific monoclonals distinguished among patients with varying severities of PE from P-CRL and patients with crHTN. By use of latent class analysis (LCA) we identified three classes of subjects: Class 1 (n = 94) comprised patients whose urine was both congophilic and reactive with the monoclonals. These women were more likely diagnosed with early-onset sPE and had severe hypertension and proteinuria; Class 2 patients (n = 55) were negative for congophilia and against the antibodies. These were predominantly P-CRL and crHTN patients. Lastly, Class 3 patients (n = 48) were positive for urine congophilia, albeit at lower intensity, but negative for monoclonal immunoreactivities. These women were diagnosed primarily as mPE or late-onset sPE. Collectively, our study validates conformation-dependent Aβ imunoreactivity of PE urine which in conjunction to urine congophilia may represent an additional indicator of disease severity.
(1807) [Catherine] Ann [Crawford]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
SUR QUELQUES DÉMOSPONGES DE L'ARCHIPEL DE GLÉNAN
Creators: name: DESCATOIRE, Annie
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1966

description: In the stock of Spongiae cropped around the Glenan archipelago (Britain), by diving, 3 new species of Demospongiae are found: Polymastia gleneni, Tragosia alba, Hymedesmia lenta. They are described in this paper with 8 other species pointed out in the Atlantic Ocean, but rarely, in mostly colder areas and at lower depths : Axinella egregia (Ridley), Haìicnemia verticillata (Bowerbank), Mycalelingua (Bowerbank), Biemnavariantia (Bowerbank), Myxillafimbriata (Bowerbank), Plocamilla circonflexa Lévi, Guitarra fimbriata Carter, Gellius fibulatus (Schmidt).
ÉTUDE BIOMÉTRIQUE ET HISTOPHYSIOLOGIQUE DES RELATIONS ENTRE LES GONADES, LE FOIE ET LA THYROÏDE CHEZ SCYLIORHINUS CANICULUS (L.). CONTRIBUTION A L'ÉTUDE DES CARACTÈRES SEXUELS SECONDAIRES DES CHONDRICHTHYENS
Creators: name: MELLINGER, Jean
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1966

description: The interrelationships between gonads, liver and thyroid in the dogfish Scyliorhinus caniculus (L.) are studied from a biometrical and histophysiological standpoint. Females are growing sexually mature later than males. This may be the reason why they exhibit better developed livers and thyroids. This hypothesis is opposed to the classical concept of an accelerated growth in premature females. As to the changes which occur in the liver-body ratio, it mainly results of the peculiar gain of body weight, distinctive of females at the start of first vitellogenesis. The well-known decrease of liver-oil contents play but a minor role. The highly variable features of the thyroid did not show any relation to the sexual activity. Growth and sexual dimorphism are reviewed in Chondrichthyes.
Additional file 6 of Conversion of hulled into naked barley by Cas endonuclease-mediated knockout of the NUD gene
Creators: name: Gerasimova, Sophia V.
name: Hertig, Christian
name: Korotkova, Anna M.
name: Kolosovskaya, Ekaterina V.
name: Otto, Ingrid
name: Hiekel, Stefan
name: Kochetov, Alex V.
name: Khlestkina, Elena K.
name: Kumlehn, Jochen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Figure S1. Sequence data and map of generic vector pSH121
Mise à jour de la liste des espèces d'Amphipodes (Crustacea : Peracarida) présents en Manche
Creators: name: DAUVIN, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1999

description: An up-to-date list of the amphipods (Crustacea: Peracarida) from the English Channel.
 An up-to-date list of the amphipods from the English Channel is given for the first time counting 255 species. This inventory
 is based on recent systematics and suprabenthic studies. The number of species is higher in the western part of the Channel
 (Roscoff, Plymouth, Golfe normano-breton) than in two areas in the eastern part (Bay of Seine) and Wimereux: respectively,
 Roscoff (202 species), Plymouth and Golfe normano-breton (194), Bay of Seine (130) and Wimereux (136). The
 impoverishment of the amphipod fauna from the western part to the eastern part of the Channel is due to a hydroclimatic
 gradient. Two species are added to the list of the Marine Fauna from Roscoff: Corophium sextonae and Lysianassa insperata.
Occurrence of Prionospio saccifera (Spionidae: Polychaeta) in the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: name: ÇINAR, Melih Ertan
name: ERGEN, Zeki
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1999

description: A population of Prionospio saccifera, a new record for the Mediterranean Sea, was investigated in the Manavgat
 River Delta (Antalya Bay), situated off the Turkish Mediterranean coast, in July 1995. Specimens were collected at five
 stations with sandy-mud bottoms, from 65 to 85 m depths. The morphological, ecological and zoogeographical
 characteristics of the species are given and discussed. Some notes on other representatives of Prionospio such as P. fallax,
 P. ehlersi and P. dubia which co-occurred with P. saccifera are also considered.