cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multiculturalism, immigration and citizenship : a view of social relations in Canada
Creators: name: Low, Cynthia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: National multicultural and multiracial pluralism is a reality of modernity. In Canada multiculturalism has been an official policy since 1971. As a settler society the concepts, values and principles entrenched in multiculturalism, citizenship and immigration reflect a history of racialization. Uncritical views of nation building and citizenship assume that all Canadians have equal opportunity to participate and contribute to the social, economic, cultural and political life of the country. Given the current milieu of globalization, transnationalism and internationalism in an era of interconnectivity, market economies and of focus on economic capital, there is a challenge for Canada to consign a sense of place and equal participation to all its citizens. This is a conceptual thesis that looks at how government policy and dominant hegemony in Canada mediate relationships and identities within and among immigrant communities and other marginalized communities be they bound by geography, economics race, gender, religion or sexuality. Personal-narratives from my own experience as an immigrant are used to highlight how social relations are constituted, synthesized, merged, enacted, intersected, transpired and inspired. The objective is to interrogate the ubiquity of racially esssentialized and exclusionary practices that continue to inform and guide our development as a settler society, no matter how rigorously we may deny or how we frame the practice of racialization. The key issues to be examined are, first, the development of group and individual identity in its relational, political, historical and cultural contexts. The second issue is the development of social relations between marginalized communities as they are affected by government policies in areas of immigration, multiculturalism and citizenship. And finally the thesis examines the practice of Adult Education as contributing to social relations between communities. Identity and identity politics circumscribing the Canadian psyche provides a powerful location for adult learning in general but particularly in situations serving immigrant and newcomers. This thesis develops a lens that contributes to a critical approach to the provision of Adult Education in settlement services, health education, work place training, language acquisition and other services that shape social relations between communities. These programs should incorporate critical theories to make transparent the 'real' history of Canada and students place in the nation.
Disorder effects on the spin-Hall current in a diffusive Rashba two-dimensional heavy-hole system
Creators: name: Liu, S. Y.
name: Lei, X. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin-Hall effect in a two-dimensional heavy-hole system with Rashba spin-orbit coupling using a nonequilibrium Green's function approach. Both the short- and long-range disorder scatterings are considered in the self-consistent Born approximation. We find that, in the case of long-range collisions, the disorder-mediated process leads to an enhancement of the spin-Hall current at high heavy-hole density, whereas for short-range scatterings it gives a vanishing contribution. This result suggests that the recently observed spin-Hall effect in experiment is a result of the sum of the intrinsic and disorder-mediated contributions. We have also calculated the temperature dependence of spin-Hall conductivity, which reveals a decrease with increasing the temperature.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Typos in the values of hole density corrected
Additional file 1 of Implementing electronic decision-support tools to strengthen healthcare network data-driven decision-making
Creators: name: Rios-Zertuche, Diego
name: Gonzalez-Marmol, Alvaro
name: Millán-Velasco, Francisco
name: Schwarzbauer, Karla
name: Ignez Tristao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Equipment, Medicines and Supplies Requirements by Indicator.
The chiral transition of N_f=2 QCD with fundamental and adjoint fermions
Creators: name: Engels, J.
name: Holtmann, S.
name: Schulze, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study QCD with two staggered Dirac fermions both in the fundamental (QCD) and the adjoint representation (aQCD) near the chiral transition. The aim is to find the universality class of the chiral transition and to verify Goldstone effects below the transition. We investigate aQCD, because in that theory the deconfinement and the chiral transitions occur at different temperatures T_d
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, poster contribution to Lattice 2005 (Nonzero temperature and density), one reference added, figure 2 changed
Open and Hidden Charm Production in 920 GeV Proton-Nucleus Collisions
Creators: name: Husemann, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HERA-B collaboration has studied the production of charmonium and open charm states in collisions of 920 GeV protons with wire targets of different materials. The acceptance of the HERA-B spectrometer covers negative values of xF up to xF=-0.3 and a broad range in transverse momentum from 0.0 to 4.8 GeV/c. The studies presented in this paper include J/psi differential distributions and the suppression of J/psi production in nuclear media. Furthermore, production cross sections and cross section ratios for open charm mesons are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm & Beauty Hadrons (BEACH04), Chicago, IL, June 27 - July 3, 2004
Computational General Relativistic Force-Free Electrodynamics: II. Characterization of Numerical Diffusivity
Creators: name: Mahlmann, J. F.
name: Aloy, M. A.
name: Mewes, V.
name: Cerdá-Durán, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scientific codes are an indispensable link between theory and experiment; in (astro-)plasma physics, such numerical tools are one window into the universe's most extreme flows of energy. The discretization of Maxwell's equations - needed to make highly magnetized (astro)physical plasma amenable to its numerical modeling - introduces numerical diffusion. It acts as a source of dissipation independent of the system's physical constituents. Understanding the numerical diffusion of scientific codes is the key to classify their reliability. It gives specific limits in which the results of numerical experiments are physical. We aim at quantifying and characterizing the numerical diffusion properties of our recently developed numerical tool for the simulation of general relativistic force-free electrodynamics, by calibrating and comparing it with other strategies found in the literature. Our code correctly models smooth waves of highly magnetized plasma. We evaluate the limits of general relativistic force-free electrodynamics in the context of current sheets and tearing mode instabilities. We identify that the current parallel to the magnetic field ($\mathbf{j}_\parallel$), in combination with the break-down of general relativistic force-free electrodynamics across current sheets, impairs the physical modeling of resistive instabilities. We find that at least eight numerical cells per characteristic size of interest (e.g. the wavelength in plasma waves or the transverse width of a current sheet) are needed to find consistency between resistivity of numerical and of physical origins. High-order discretization of the force-free current allows us to provide almost ideal orders of convergence for (smooth) plasma wave dynamics. The physical modeling of resistive layers requires suitable current prescriptions or a sub-grid modeling for the evolution of $\mathbf{j}_\parallel$.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by A&A
Multimodal UI for Video Retrieval at the Swiss Federal Archives
Creators: name: Sauvage, Audray
name: Raemy, Julien Antoine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Content-based Retrieval
Digital Archives
Machine Learning

description: The Swiss Federal Archives (SFA) is responsible for the archiving of the administrative records of the federal authorities, in particular the government, the parliament and the administration. Access to and the consultation of records by researchers and the public is a cornerstone of its legal mandate. In order to meet the current and future access requirements, the SFA is pursuing a strategy of consistent digital transformation aimed at facilitating access to archival information for users. The advent of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionised methods and tools in this context. For several years, the SFA has been combining AI methods and their application to historical sources, such as the use of Automated Handwritten Text Recognition (AHTR) on the website Minutes of the Federal Council (1848-1972). In 2022, the SFA decided to implement Archipanion, a service provided by 4eyes and implemented on top of vitrivr, a content-based multimedia information retrieval system, to improve access to its digital film collection “Filmwochenschau (1940-1975)”. Formerly indexed using standard methods without direct content exploitation, the collection is now easily searchable through AI-driven, content-based processing. This technological advancement provides both users and scholars with unprecedented access to over 1,651 editions, facilitating research and exploration anytime and anywhere.
Accuracy and Precision Requirements in Probability Models
Creators: name: Zinovi Krougly
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Numerical Laplace Transform
Numerical Laplace Transform Inversion
High Precision Computation
Applications in Probability Models

description: Numerical Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform is a challenging task in queueing theory and others probability models. A double transformation approach is used to find stable, accurate, and computationally efficient methods for performing the numerical Laplace and inverse Laplace transform. To validate and improve the inversion solution obtained, direct Laplace transforms are taken of the numerically inverted transforms to compare with the original function. Algorithms provide increasing accuracy as precision level increases. The most promising methods were applied to computational probability models, when there are no closedform solutions of the Laplace transform inversion.The computational efficiency compared to precision levels is demonstrated for different service models in 𝑀/𝐺/1 queuing systems.
Food choice and health across the life course: A qualitative study examining food choice in older Irish adults
Creators: name: Delaney, Mary
name: McCarthy, Mary
name: Delaney, Mary
name: McCarthy, Mary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food
subject: health
subject: food life experiences

description: Ireland has experienced much economic and social change in recent times along with rising levels of overweight. Two-thirds of adults are now overweight or obese. Excess weight is a major risk for chronic disease for all ages which heralds a great societal burden and presents challenges and opportunities for the food industry. Individual food choice is an important and complex factor to be understood in order for food manufacturers to enable healthy choices. It can be understood as a process in which patterns arise and change over time, influenced by a range of personal factors and environmental influences. This study aimed to gain insight into the key contextual influences on food choice patterns in older Irish adults of varied health status who have lived through much socioeconomic change. In-depth semi-structured interviews on food choice across the life course were conducted with 32 adults aged 61-79. Data was thematically analysed using content analysis. Patterns of eating within the changing food environment and dietary choices in the face of ageing and illness were influenced by accumulated life experiences. Findings can contribute to health and nutrition policies and to the design of tailored interventions and products to facilitate the adoption of healthful diets.
White dwarfs with jets as non-relativistic analogues of quasars and microquasars?
Creators: name: Zamanov, R.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Marziani, P.
name: Davis, R. J.
name: Eyres, S. P. S.
name: Gomboc, A.
name: Porter, J.
name: Skopal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the similarities between accreting white dwarfs (CH Cyg and MWC 560) and the much more energetic jet sources - quasars and microquasars. To-date we have identified several common attributes: (1) they exhibit collimated outflows (jets); (2) the jets are precessing; (3) these two symbiotic stars exhibit quasar-like emission line spectra; (4) there is a disk-jet connection like that observed in microquasars. Additionally they may have a similar energy source (extraction of rotational energy from the accreting object). Study of the low energy analogues could have important implications for our understanding of their higher energy cousins.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings of Interacting Binaries: Accretion, Evolution and Outcomes, 4-10 July 2004, Cefalu, Sicily, Italy, eds. Antonelli et al
Additional file 1 of Stakeholder perspectives on adaptive clinical trials: a scoping review
Creators: name: Kia, Tina Madani
name: Marshall, John C.
name: Murthy, Srinivas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:Supplementary Table 1. Search terms. Supplementary Table 2. List of records screened and excluded due to not meeting inclusion criteria. Supplementary Table 3. List of full-text articles assessed but excluded due to not meeting inclusion criteria.
Optimal 1D Ly-$α$ Forest Power Spectrum Estimation I: DESI-Lite Spectra
Creators: name: Karaçaylı, Naim Göksel
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 1D Ly-$α$ forest flux power spectrum $P_{\mathrm{1D}}$ is sensitive to scales smaller than a typical galaxy survey, and hence ties to the intergalactic medium's thermal state, suppression from neutrino masses and new dark matter models. It has emerged as a competitive framework to study new physics, but also has come with various challenges and systematic errors in analysis. In this work, we revisit the optimal quadratic estimator for $P_{\mathrm{1D}}$, which is robust against the relevant problems such as pixel masking, time evolution within spectrum and quasar continuum errors. We further improve the estimator by introducing a fiducial power spectrum, which enables us to extract more information by alleviating the discreteness of band powers. We meticulously apply our method to synthetic DESI spectra and demonstrate how the estimator overcomes each challenge. We further apply an optimisation scheme that approximates the Fisher matrix to three elements per row and reduces computation time by 60%. We show that we can achieve percent precision in $P_{\mathrm{1D}}$ with 5-year DESI data in the absence of systematics and provide forecasts for different spectral qualities.
Additional file 1 of MicroRNAs signatures, bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs, miRNA mimics and antagonists, and miRNA therapeutics in osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Otoukesh, Babak
name: Abbasi, Mehdi
name: Habib-O-Lah Gorgani
name: Farahini, Hossein
name: Moghtadaei, Mehdi
name: Boddouhi, Bahram
name: Kaghazian, Peyman
name: Shayan Hosseinzadeh
name: Atefe Alaee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Network analysis.
A Copula Approach of Reliability Analysis for Hybrid Systems
Creators: name: Naijun Sha
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: series-parallel system
parallel-series system
copula
extended exponential distribution
reliability analysis

description: Copula is a powerful tool to describe dependence among variables and has gained significant attention in many fields of research. In this paper, we study modeling the lifetimes of two fundamental hybrid systems: series-parallel and parallel-series by copula functions to reflect the effect on dependence of working components in the systems. We consider Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) and Clayton copula functions to represent dependent structures in parallel and series configuration, respectively. A flexible lifetime distribution, the extended exponential distribution, is applied to the components of system. The explicit expressions of the reliability and mean time to failure (MTTF) of both hybrid systems are obtained. For the purpose of illustration, the effect of different degrees on dependence among components is analyzed and presented for various parameter settings in the lifetime distribution.
Dark Matter with N-Body Numerical Simulations
Creators: name: Chacon, Jazhiel
name: Vazquez, J. Alberto
name: Gabbasov, Ruslan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of numerical N -body simulations have allowed to study formation process and evolution of galaxies at different scales. This paper presents the fundamental concepts of N-body systems applied to the cosmological evolution of the $Λ$-Cold Dark Matter ($Λ$CDM) model. In order to perform structure formation in the Universe, we provide an introduction to the basic equations and their implementation on the GADGET-2 software. We also present a simple guide to modify this code. First, we briefly describe the dark matter in the Universe as well as the theoretical and experimental basis of the $Λ$CDM model. Then, we focus on the simulation codes and provide the equations that govern most of the N-body simulations to model the dark matter. We describe the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method used for simulating the gas, star dynamics and structure formation in these simulations. Then, cautiously, we guide the reader to the installation of GADGET-2 on a Linux-based computer, as well as to carry out a couple of examples to operate the code. Finally, by using a computational cluster, we show several results of a large structure simulation, analyse the outputs to display the matter power spectrum, and compare the outcome with theoretical predictions.
Analysis and Designing A DNA Fingerprinting Based Identifications (DNAFIDs) Model and Database Management System
Creators: name: Singh, Yogesh Pal
name: Kumar, Santosh
name: Singh, Madhulika
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: DNA Fingerprint
DNA Database Management System
Algorithm

description: The revolutionary discovery in forensic investigation in DNA fingerprinting that helps to identify individuals it is an important tool for molecular research that support the human breeding. DNA fingerprinting model played an important role in identifying an individual in millions of people by looking in unique patterns in their DNA. DNA fingerprinting is a technique that simultaneously detects lots of minisatellites in genome to produce a pattern unique to an individual. In this research work, we analyzed DNA fingerprinting based identification and designed a DNA fingerprinting based identification model along with DNA database management system for 360 degree interlinking i.e. all services and progresses will be progressed by DNAFIDs and database.
Analysis of the Risk Model of German Corona Warning App
Creators: name: Braband, Jens
name: Schäbe, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: risk model
Corona app
risk calculation

description: In Germany an App has been introduced to cope with the Corona epidemic. In this paper we describe, how the app works and analyze the semi-quantitative risk model that has been used in the app, because a large number of semi-quantitative risk models are known that are not consistent. Further we discuss in how far the Corona app in its current state can contribute to mitigate the pandemic. The risk model of the German Corona warning app has several interesting, somewhat puzzling properties. In this paper we describe the analysis and its results related to the underlying risk model.
Characteristics of earthquake-triggered landslides under the high terrain undulation landscapes: a case study of the secondary effects by 5 September 2022 Ms 6.8 Luding Earthquake, southwest China
Creators: name: Liu, Han
name: Xu, Yueren
name: Hu, Guimin
name: Yuan, Ruimin
name: Zhao, Xinyu
name: Tang, Jiacheng
name: Lu, Lingyu
name: Xu, Wentao
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: File of Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake coseismic landslides distribution
An Imperfect Production System with Rework and Disruption for Delaying items Considering Shortage
Creators: name: Neelesh Gupta
name: A. R. Nigwal
name: U. K. Khedlekar
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Imperfect production
Disruption
Deterioration
Backlogging
rework. AMS Subject Classification: 90B05
90B30
90B50

description: In this article, we have developed an imperfect production system under the following four different cases. The first one is imperfect production with rework, and without disruption, second one is imperfect production with rework and disruption, third one is imperfect production with rework, disruption,and without backlogging, fourth one is imperfect production with rework, disruption and backlogging. For these all cases, we have optimized the regular production time, rework production time, backlog time and backlog quantity. In this article we have considered the demand rate, production rate defective item’s production rate and deteriorating rate are all constant. We have also considered the production rate is always grater than the demand rate. The model is illustrated by numerically and analyzed by graphically.
Can SMEs Build Global Brands with Place-Of-Origin Information? The Role of Social Networks
Creators: name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Reardon, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: International Development

description: Agri-food small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can enter global food chains by pursuing niche marketing strategies, where a narrow segment of customers perceives high benefits of food products that compensate their high prices and do not require large volumes of supply (Humphrey, 2005). To serve a niche of global customers, building a brand is challenging but crucial. Brands are crucial as they provide signals of the overall quality of products, as well as create an image that differentiates them from competitors (Keller, 1993). Building a brand is particularly important for firms that aspire to have a product image associated to credence attributes (Darby and Karni, 1973; Humphrey, 2005). Credence attributes are quality features that cannot be verified either before or after consumption of a product (Darby and Karni, 1973). The place of origin of a product, which is the most extensively studied credence attribute in the agricultural economics and marketing literature, is often used as a cue of the excellent flavor, the typicality and the sustainability of agri-food products. Credence attributes are increasingly valued in global markets and, given their own nature, the role of who signals them is crucial to determine their value.
Additional file 1 of bolA gene involved in curli amyloids and fimbriae production in E. coli: exploring pathways to inhibit biofilm and amyloid formation
Creators: name: Mohd W. Azam
name: Azna Zuberi
name: Khan, Asad U.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Inverse PCR. Figure S2. Colony PCR of the clones with desired sgRNAs. Figure S3. TBO agar plates showing protruded and thick growth in control while the bol-KD cells show thin and flat growth. Table S1. List of primers used in our study.
Building Individual Brands with Place-of-Origin Information: Implications for the Food Industry
Creators: name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Calantone, Roger J.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Calantone, Roger J.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Growing segments of world consumers seek better quality, healthiness and larger variety in their food consumption (Verbeke, 2005; IDDBA, 2008). As part of this process, consumers’ attention for place-of-origin (POO) attributes as part of the demand of agri-food products is increasing (Grunert, 2005). The major dimension of POO attributes that have been studied in agricultural economics and marketing literature since the 1960s is country-of-origin (Dichter, 1962; Schooler, 1965; Peterson and Jolibert, 1995; Verlegh and Steenkamp, 1999; Balabanis and Diamantopoulos, 2004; Loureiro and Umberger, 2005; Ehmke et al., 2008) while in the last decade region-of-origin attributes have been studied separately, in relation with consumers’ values for tradition and authenticity of agri-food products (Kuznesof et al., 1997; Tregear et al., 1998; Van der Lans et al., 2001; Van Ittersum and Candel, 2001; Van Ittersum et al., 2001; Scarpa et al., 2005).
Free energy fluxes and the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger relation
Creators: name: Doyon, Benjamin
name: Durnin, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general, multi-component Eulerian fluid theory is a set of nonlinear, hyperbolic partial differential equations. However, if the fluid is to be the large-scale description of a short-range many-body system, further constraints arise on the structure of these equations. Here we derive one such constraint, pertaining to the free energy fluxes. The free energy fluxes generate expectation values of currents, akin to the specific free energy generating conserved densities. They fix the equations of state and the Euler-scale hydrodynamics, and are simply related to the entropy currents. Using the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger relations associated to many conserved quantities, in quantum and classical systems, we show that the associated free energy fluxes are perpendicular to the vector of inverse temperatures characterising the state. This implies that all entropy currents can be expressed as averages of local observables. In few-component fluids, it implies that the averages of currents follow from the specific free energy alone, without the use of Galilean or relativistic invariance. In integrable models, in implies that the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz must satisfy a unitarity condition. The relation also guarantees physical consistency of the Euler hydrodynamics in spatially-inhomogeneous, macroscopic external fields, as it implies conservation of entropy, and the local-density approximated Gibbs form of stationarity states. The main result on free energy fluxes is based on general properties such as clustering, and we show that it is mathematically rigorous in quantum spin chains.
description: v1: 27 pages. v2: 32 pages, refs added, typos corrected, discussion clarified, sections 2 and 4 re-organised, example of conformal hydrodynamics added, rigorous treatment in the family of quantum spin chains added, to appear in J. Stat. Mech
MAMBO 1.25mm observations of 3CR radio galaxies and quasars at z=1.5: On the debate of the unified schemes
Creators: name: Haas, Martin
name: Chini, Rolf
name: Mueller, Sven
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Albrecht, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to explore the nature of the 850 micron flux difference between powerful radio galaxies and steep radio-spectrum quasars at z=1.5 reported by Willott et al. (2002), we have observed 9 sources from their sample of 11 quasars at 1.25 mm. For 7 sources the 1.25 mm fluxes are much brighter than one would expect from a purely thermal dust model fitted to the submm data, providing evidence for the synchrotron nature of the observed 1.25 mm radiation. If we extrapolate a power-law synchrotron spectrum to shorter wavelengths, then for 6 of the 9 sources also the 850 micron fluxes are dominated by synchrotron radiation. We discuss how far the (sub)-millimetre data can be interpreted in accordance with the orientation-dependent unified schemes for powerful radio galaxies and quasars. In this case the results challenge the reported evidence for the receding torus model and for the evolutionary trend of a declining dust luminosity with increasing projected size of the radio lobes.
description: 8 pages, 4 Figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
“Animal Welfare” Practices along the Food Chain: How Does Negative and Positive Information Affect Consumers?
Creators: name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Calantone, Roger J.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Calantone, Roger J.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Managing a global brand means developing its equity but also protecting it from global challenges (Shocker et al., 1994) and from the risk of negative shocks that may affect a brand (Okada and Rubstein, 1998), a multi-national company (Klein and Dawar, 2004) or a whole industry (Roehm and Tybout, 2006). Negative information shocks may arise because of sudden product-harm crises or scandals (Klein and Dawar, 2004; Roehm and Tybout, 2006), such as food-borne disease outbreaks or environmental violation practices. In these situations, providing positive brand information can mitigate the effect of negative information shocks on consumers’ brand evaluations and buying intentions (Smith and Vogt, 1995; Okada and Rubstein, 1998; Klein and Dawar, 2004; Roehm and Tybout, 2006).
A Long History of Home-bases, Huts, Houses, Villages, Towns, Cities and Megacities
Creators: name: Edwards, Phillip
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies
classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology
classificationCode: 37
subject: Earth sciences

description: This review traces the lengthy record of human habitation on our planet. So long has the process of homemaking been that it includes constructions made by prehuman ancestors, upwards of a million years ago. Efforts towards the building of shelters and the founding of settlements have involved lengthy periods of relative stasis, punctuated by leaps to new and more complex systems. The first home-bases were simple fireplaces, around which our ancestors gathered, prepared food, and made tools. During the Pleistocene, occasional vestiges of curvilinear huts are found, and during the Late Glacial period, substantial groups of houses appear on the plains of Eurasia. The transition to sedentary life was accomplished by Natufian hunter-gatherers in the Levant, near the end of the Ice Age. There followed the establishment of village life across the Middle East by Pre-Pottery Neolithic farmers in the early Holocene, and the first cities around 3,500 BCE in southern Iraq and south-western Iran. Urban systems had spread across the globe by 3000 BCE, from China, to Peru in the Americas. The Classical cities of the Mediterranean developed regular urban grid plans in the fifth century BCE and introduced new types of civic amenities. In terms of complexity and size, the ancient city reached its zenith in imperial Rome. Occasionally, premodern cities such as Angkor became much larger than it in area through the establishment of low-density residential populations. New sources of energy were unleashed by the technological revolution of the nineteenth century that utterly transformed the city. In short order, they led to the mega-conurbations that currently spread over large tracts of the earth. This review considers factors of community interaction and communication that have both retarded and permitted breakthroughs in settlement strategies through time. It also examines the idea of non-verbal syntactical grammars that govern the patterning of human settlements, and the relative contributions of adventitious organic growth versus deliberate planning and retention of community ideals in settlement planning.
Approach to Determining the Parameters of Physical Security Units for a Critical Infrastructure Facility
Creators: name: M.D. Katsman
name: V.K. Myronenko
name: V.I. Matsiuk
name: P.V. Lapin
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: security object
queuing system (QS)
nonordinary stream of malefactor groups
random number of malefactors in the group
non-Markov type QS
security personnel

description: The article discusses some common mathematical models of counterterrorism and acts of unlawful interference with protected objects. The use of methods of queuing theory of Markov and nonMarkov types for modeling the counteraction of security personnel by a malicious group with a random number of criminals in a group and different ways of organizing the actions of such personnel is proposed.
Economies of Space: Opening up Historical Finding Aids
Creators: name: Burkart, Lucas
name: Hodel, Tobias
name: Hitz, Benjamin
name: Vonwiller, Aline
name: Prada Ziegler, Ismail
name: Aeby, Jonas
name: Fuchs, Katrin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In the realm of historical data processing, machine learning has emerged as a game-changer, enabling the analysis of vast archives and complex finding aids on an unprecedented scale. One intriguing case study exemplifying the potential of these techniques is the digitization of the Historical Land Registry of the City of Basel (=Historisches Grundbuch Basel, HGB). The HGB, compiled around the turn of the 20th century, contains a wealth of historical data meticulously collected on index cards. Each card represents a transaction or entry from source documents, and the structured data reflects the conventions and interests of its creators. This inherent complexity has set the stage for a multifaceted exploration, encompassing text recognition, specifically for handwritten materials, and information extraction, particularly event extraction.

One of the key accomplishments of this endeavor is the successful application of machine learning algorithms to decipher handwritten content, resulting in a remarkably low character error rate of just 4%. This breakthrough paves the way for extracting valuable information, such as named entities (persons, places, organizations), their relationships, and mentioned events, through specialized language models.

When combined with property information, the extracted data offers a unique opportunity to visualize historical events and transactions on Geographical Information Systems. This process allows for analyzing normative and semantic shifts in the real estate market over time, shedding light on historical changes in language and practice.

Ultimately, this project signifies a milestone in historical data analysis. Machine learning techniques have matured so that even extensive datasets and intricate finding aids can be effectively processed. As a result, innovative approaches to large-scale historical data analysis are now within reach, offering new perspectives on dynamic urban economies during pre-modern times. This venture showcases how technological approaches and humanities deliberations go hand in hand to understand complex patterns in economic history.
title: Digital twins: definition, application options in the product life cycle and marketing
Creators: name: Jevtić, Adrijana
name: Pezoldt, Kerstin
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Germany is in the digital transformation process of the economy and society. Digital transformation influences not only production and marketing, but also the consumption and use of goods. The development and use of digital twins accelerate the digital transformation process and increase the competitiveness of the German economy. So far, the focus of research has been on the use of digital twins in the production of industrial goods. This article analyzes the use of digital twins in consumer goods marketing. For this purpose, the concept of digital twins is explained, and its use is presented over the entire life cycle of durable consumer goods. Subsequently, the possibilities of use of the digital twin in marketing will be presented and an outlook on further research fields will be given.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
Dynamical breakdown of the Ising spin-glass order under a magnetic field
Creators: name: Jönsson, P. E.
name: Takayama, H.
name: Katori, H. Aruga
name: Ito, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical magnetic properties of an Ising spin glass Fe$_{0.55}$Mn$_{0.45}$TiO$_3$ are studied under various magnetic fields. Having determined the temperature and static field dependent relaxation time $τ(T;H)$ from ac magnetization measurements under a dc bias field by a general method, we first demonstrate that these data provide evidence for a spin-glass (SG) phase transition only in zero field. We next argue that the data $τ(T;H)$ of finite $H$ can be well interpreted by the droplet theory which predicts the absence of a SG phase transition in finite fields.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
title: Investigation of a quantified sound probe for stud weld quality measurement with numerical simulation data
Creators: name: Rohe, Maximilian
name: Hildebrand, Jörg
name: Bergmann, Jean
Publisher: name: ilmedia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Drawn arc stud welding with ceramic ferrules is a widely used joining process for joining sheet metal to studs, which can be threaded or sheared. During the welding process, various irregularities can occur which adversely affect the resulting mechanical properties. Arc blowing is one of the most common process defects. Arc blowing can result in an asymmetric weld bead which can increase the failure rate of the stud. An approach to stud testing is given in DIN ISO EN 14555. A sound probe carried out by an experienced welder provides qualitative information about the weld bead. The sound probe causes the stud to vibrate at its natural frequencies. If the eigenfrequencies can be calculated for each weld bead shape, the sound probe can be quantified. To this end, a new simulation approach is presented which allows the rapid calculation of the eigenfrequencies of the stud with different weld bead shapes. A data set is also generated and analyzed.
description: Engineering for a changing world: Proceedings : 60th ISC, Ilmenau Scientific Colloquium, Technische Universität Ilmenau, September 04-08, 2023
Giant topological longitudinal circular photo-galvanic effect in the chiral multifold semimetal CoSi
Creators: name: Ni, Zhuoliang
name: Wang, K.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Pozo, O.
name: Xu, B.
name: Han, X.
name: Manna, K.
name: Paglione, J.
name: Felser, C.
name: Grushin, A. G.
name: de Juan, F.
name: Mele, E. J.
name: Wu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of mirror symmetry, or chirality, is behind striking natural phenomena found in systems as diverse as DNA and crystalline solids. A remarkable example occurs when chiral semimetals with topologically protected band degeneracies are illuminated with circularly polarized light. Under the right conditions, the part of the generated photocurrent that switches sign upon reversal of the light's polarization, known as the circular photogalvanic effect, is predicted to depend only on fundamental constants. The conditions to observe quantization are non-universal, and depend on material parameters and the incident frequency. In this work, we perform terahertz emission spectroscopy with tunable photon energy from 0.2 eV - 1.1 eV in the chiral topological semimetal CoSi. We identify a large longitudinal photocurrent peaked at 0.4 eV reaching $\sim$ 550 $μA/V^{2}$, which is much larger than the photocurrent in any chiral crystal reported in the literature. Using first-principles calculations we establish that the peak originates from topological band crossings, reaching 3.3$\pm$0.3 in units of the quantization constant. Our calculations indicate that the quantized CPGE is within reach in CoSi upon doping and increase of the hot-carrier lifetime. The large photo-conductivity suggests that topological semimetals could potentially be used as novel mid-infrared detectors.
description: Fig.4 color updated
A new spin on LIGO-Virgo binary black holes
Creators: name: Biscoveanu, Sylvia
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Vitale, Salvatore
name: Varma, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves from binary black holes have the potential to yield information on both of the intrinsic parameters that characterize the compact objects: their masses and spins. While the component masses are usually resolvable, the component spins have proven difficult to measure. This limitation stems in great part from our choice to inquire about the spins of the most and least massive objects in each binary, a question that becomes ill-defined when the masses are equal. In this paper we show that one can ask a different question of the data: what are the spins of the objects with the highest and lowest dimensionless spins in the binary? We show that this can significantly improve estimates of the individual spins, especially for binary systems with comparable masses. When applying this parameterization to the first 13 gravitational-wave events detected by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration (LVC), we find that the highest-spinning object is constrained to have nonzero spin for most sources and to have significant support at the Kerr limit for GW151226 and GW170729. A joint analysis of all the confident binary black hole detections by the LVC finds that, unlike with the traditional parametrization, the distribution of spin magnitude for the highest-spinning object has negligible support at zero spin. Regardless of the parameterization used, the configuration where all of the spins in the population are aligned with the orbital angular momentum is excluded from the 90% credible interval for the first ten events and from the 99% credible interval for all current confident detections.
description: version accepted in PRL
ESTRUTURA IDENTITÁRIA DO CICLO DE FORMAÇÃO
Creators: name: Lins, Luan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Sociologia
subject: Identidade
subject: Psicanálise
subject: Cultura
subject: Sociedade

description: RESUMO:

O presente artigo é parte de uma sequência de artigos sobre a identidade e sua formação. Neste artigo, apresento uma continuação acerca da formação da identidade e de elementos imutáveis dos quais caracterizam a identidade como conceito. A identidade não poderia, de todo modo, ser dinâmico e mutável em amplo espectro, pois a própria concepção de identidade seria inviável. Assim, demonstro quais são esses elementos indissociáveis que ajudam-nos a compreender tal processo de formação identitário e como eles se dão.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Cultura; Identidade; Ação-humana; Desejo e Sociedade.
Modeling in history: using LLMs to automatically produce diagrammatic models synthesizing Piketty's historiographical thesis on economic inequalities
Creators: name: Matthey, Axel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: LLM
diagrams
economic inequality
pedagogy
Artificial Intelligence

description: This study seeks to merge two realms: theoretical digital history, specifically the modeling in history, and economic history, with a focus on the history of income and wealth inequalities. The central objective is to apply theoretical research outcomes concerning models and their application in history to scrutinize a historical explanation of the evolution of economic inequalities between 1914 and 1950. Traditionally, predictive models with reproducible results were paramount for validating explanations through observed data. However, the role of models has expanded, moving beyond mere predictive functions. This paradigm shift, acknowledged by the philosophy of science in recent decades, emphasizes that models now serve broader purposes, guiding exploration and research rather than just prediction. These models are not merely tools for validating predictions; they serve to bring clarity to our thinking processes, establishing the conditions under which our intuitions prove valid. Beyond merely representing systematic relationships between predetermined facets of reality, models aspire to elucidate causal connections. When a historical model aims to provide causal explanations, the process involves identifying the “explanandum” (the aspect of reality being explained) as the dependent variable and working backward to pinpoint its hypothetical causes as independent. Using a diagrammatic approach, we formalized a qualitative model aligning with an historiographical explanation of the evolution of economic inequalities by Thomas Piketty during 1914-1950. The intent was to employ causal diagrams, translating the narrative embedded in Piketty’s historiography of inequalities into a formal model. This endeavor sought to make explicit the implicit causal relationships within the historian’s narrative: the resulting causal model serves as a symbolic synthesis of our comprehension of a specific subject, enabling the construction of a highly refined narrative synthesis from a complex topic.