cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EFFICIENCY OF THE AGROCHEMICAL INPUT USAGE IN THE PADDY FARMING SYSTEMS IN THE DRY ZONE OF SRI LANKA
Creators: name: Udayanganie, A.D.D.
name: Prasada, Dickwella Vidanage Pahan
name: Kodithuwakku, K.A.S.S.
name: Weerahewa, Jeevika
name: Little, D.C.
name: Udayanganie, A.D.D.
name: Prasada, Dickwella Vidanage Pahan
name: Kodithuwakku, K.A.S.S.
name: Weerahewa, Jeevika
name: Little, D.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper assesses the technical efficiency of paddy production in one of the major irrigation schemes in Sri Lanka with special emphasis on the usage of agrochemical inputs and determinants of technical efficiency. The presence of technical inefficiency and its causality is investigated using a stochastic production frontier model. Data for the estimation was gathered from a farm household survey covering 225 households across five administrative units from 3 irrigation blocks for the cultivation season 2003/2004. The results of the production function show negative relationships between yield and the cost of pesticides indicating an over use of pesticides. The average technical efficiency was estimated to be 0.37. Among the determinants of inefficiency estimates considered, the importance of credit and extension services on improving efficiency of farmer stand out while the farmers come from neighbouring villages appear efficient than the farmers settled in the villages.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a secondary cohort analysis of the cluster-randomised GeliS trial
Creators: name: Johar, Hamimatunnisa
name: Hoffmann, Julia
name: Günther, Julia
name: Atasoy, Seryan
name: Stecher, Lynne
name: Spies, Monika
name: Hauner, Hans
name: Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1: PPD incidence in intervention and control groups.
Renormalizability of noncommutative SU(N) gauge theory
Creators: name: Buric, Maja
name: Latas, Dusko
name: Radovanovic, Voja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the renormalizability properties of pure gauge noncommutative SU(N) theory in the $θ$-expanded approach. We find that the theory is one-loop renormalizable to first order in $θ$.
description: 11 pages, minor changes, accepted for publication in JHEP
Discussion of the paper "Optimal treatment allocations in space and time for on-line control of an emerging infectious disease'' by E. B. Laber, N. J. Meyer, B. J. Reich, K. Pacifici, J. A. Collazo and J. Drake
Creators: name: Koskinen, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This is a written discussion of the paper "Optimal treatment allocations in space and time for on-line control of an emerging infectious disease" by E. B. Laber, N. J. Meyer, B. J. Reich, K. Pacifici, J. A. Collazo and J. Drake, contributed to the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C
description: This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Koskinen, J.H. (2018), Discussion of "Optimal treatment allocations in space and time for on-line control of an emerging infectious disease" by Laber, Meyer, Reich, Pacifici, Collazo and Drake, J.R.Statist.Soc. C 67, p779 which has been published in final form at https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/rssc.12266
Integrating Out New Fermions at One Loop
Creators: name: Angelescu, Andrei
name: Huang, Peisi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the fermionic universal one--loop effective action obtained by integrating out heavy vector--like fermions at one loop using functional techniques. Even though previous approaches are able to handle integrating out heavy fermions with non--chiral interactions, i.e. vanishing $γ^5$ interaction terms, the computations proceed in a tedious manner that obscures a physical interpretation. We show how directly tackling the fermionic functional determinant not only allows for a much simpler and transparent computation, but is also able to account for chiral interaction terms in a simple, algorithmic way. Finally, we apply the obtained results to integrate out at one loop the vector--like fermions appearing in a toy model and in a fermionic model that exhibits strong cosmological phase transitions.
description: 36 pages, no figures
On the cos 2 phi asymmetry in unpolarized leptoproduction
Creators: name: Barone, Vincenzo
name: Lu, Zhun
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of the cos 2 phi azimuthal asymmetry in unpolarized semiinclusive DIS. The contributions to this asymmetry arising from the intrinsic transverse motion of quarks are explicitly evaluated, and predictions for the HERMES and COMPASS kinematic regimes are presented. We show that the effect of the leading-twist Boer-Mulders function h_1^perp(x, k_T^2), which describes a correlation between the transverse momentum and the transverse spin of quarks, is quite significant and may also account for a part of the cos 2 phi asymmetry measured by ZEUS in the perturbative domain.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Polarization Conversion and "Focusing" of Light Propagating through a Small Chiral Hole in a Metallic Screen
Creators: name: Krasavin, A. V.
name: Schwanecke, A. S.
name: Reichelt, M.
name: Stroucken, T.
name: Koch, S. W.
name: Wright, E. M.
name: Zheludev, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation of light through a thin flat metallic screen containing a hole of twisted shape is sensitive to whether the incident wave is left or right circularly polarized. The transmitted light accrues a component with handedness opposite to the incident wave. The efficiency of polarization conversion depends on the mutual direction of the hole's twist and the incident light's wave polarization handedness and peaks at a wavelength close to the hole overall size. We also observed a strong transmitted field concentration at the center of the chiral hole when the handedness of the chiral hole and the wave's polarization state are the same.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Oxygen abundances in metal-poor subgiants as determined from [O I], O I and OH lines
Creators: name: Pérez, A. E. García
name: Asplund, M.
name: Primas, F.
name: Nissen, P. E.
name: Gustafsson, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The debate on the oxygen abundances of metal-poor stars has its origin in contradictory results obtained using different abundance indicators. To achieve a better understanding of the problem we have acquired high quality spectra with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph at VLT, with a signal-to-noise of the order of 100 in the near ultraviolet and 500 in the optical and near infrared wavelength range. Three different oxygen abundance indicators, OH ultraviolet lines around 310.0 nm, the [OI] line at 630.03 nm and the OI lines at 777.1-5 nm were observed in the spectra of 13 metal-poor subgiants with -3.0<=[Fe/H]<=-1.5. Oxygen abundances were obtained from the analysis of these indicators which was carried out assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium and plane-parallel model atmospheres. Abundances derived from OI were corrected for departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium. Stellar parameters were computed using Teff-vs-color calibrations based on the infrared flux method and Balmer line profiles, Hipparcos parallaxes and FeII lines. [O/Fe] values derived from the forbidden line at 630.03 nm are consistent with an oxygen/iron ratio that varies linearly with [Fe/H] as [O/Fe]}=-0.09(+/-0.08)[Fe/H]+0.36(+/-0.15). Values based on the OI triplet are on average 0.19+/-0.22 dex(s.d.) higher than the values based on the forbidden line while the agreement between OH ultraviolet lines and the forbidden line is much better with a mean difference of the order of -0.09+/-0.25 dex(s.d.). In general, our results follow the same trend as previously published results with the exception of the ones based on OH ultraviolet lines. In that case our results lie below the values which gave rise to the oxygen abundance debate for metal-poor stars.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Cohomology of the toric arrangement associated with $A_n$
Creators: name: Bergvall, Olof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55 (Primary) 52C35, 54H25 (Secondary)

description: We compute the total cohomology of the complement of the toric arrangement associated to the root system $A_n$ as a representation of the corresponding Weyl group via fixed point theory of a "twisted" action of the group. We also provide several proofs of an explicit formula for the Poincaré polynomial of the complement of the toric arrangement associated with $A_n$.
description: 14 pages. The contents have been extracted from a previous version of arXiv:1601.01857
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a secondary cohort analysis of the cluster-randomised GeliS trial
Creators: name: Johar, Hamimatunnisa
name: Hoffmann, Julia
name: Günther, Julia
name: Atasoy, Seryan
name: Stecher, Lynne
name: Spies, Monika
name: Hauner, Hans
name: Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2: Characteristics (n (%)) of excluded and included study participants.
Hagedorn, Dieter: Der Hiobkommentar des Arianers Julian
Creators: name: Davids, Adelbert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 59 (1975): Oriens christianus, Band 59
Metrics of Eguchi-Hanson types with the negative constant scalar curvature
Creators: name: Chen, Junwen
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct two types of Eguchi-Hanson metrics with the negative constant scalar curvature. The type I metrics are Kähler. The type II metrics are ALH whose total energy can be negative.
description: 14 pages
A sub-millimetre survey of dust enshrouded galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field region
Creators: name: Borys, Colin James Kelvin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the emission of sub-millimetre-wave radiation from galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field North region. The data were obtained from dedicated observing runs from our group and others using the SCUBA camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. The data were combined using techniques specifically developed here for low signal-to-noise source recovery. The sources found represent over 10% of all cosmological sources SCUBA has detected since it was commissioned. The number of sub-mm galaxies we detect account for a significant fraction of the sub-mm background, and we show that mild extrapolations can reproduce it entirely. We comment on their clustering properties, both with themselves and other high-redshift galaxy types. A multi-wavelength analysis of these galaxies shows that SCUBA sources do not all have similar properties, and are made of a collection including: star-forming radio galaxies; optically invisible objects; active galactic nuclei; and extremely red objects. Reasonable attempts to determine the redshift distribution of the sample show that SCUBA galaxies have a median redshift of around 2, and suggest that the global star formation rate may be dominated by such objects at redshifts beyond about 1. The thesis summarises the current state of extra-galactic sub-mm astronomy, and comments on how new surveys and detectors will allow us to place stronger constraints on the evolution properties of the high-redshift Universe.
Additional file 3 of Evaluation of antenatal risk factors for postpartum depression: a secondary cohort analysis of the cluster-randomised GeliS trial
Creators: name: Johar, Hamimatunnisa
name: Hoffmann, Julia
name: Günther, Julia
name: Atasoy, Seryan
name: Stecher, Lynne
name: Spies, Monika
name: Hauner, Hans
name: Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3: Characteristics (n (%)) of GeliS study participants according to pre-pregnancy BMI categories (normal weight as reference category) (n = 1583).
Stress-induced ordering of two-dimensional packings of elastic spheres
Creators: name: Yao, Zhenwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Packing of particles in confined environments is a common problem in multiple fields. Here, based on the two-dimensional Hertzian particle model, we study the packing of deformable spherical particles under compression, and reveal the crucial role of stress as an ordering field in regulating particle arrangement. Specifically, under increasing compression, the squeezed particles spontaneously organize into regular packings in the sequence of triangular and square lattices, pentagonal tessellation, and the reentrant triangular lattice. The rich ordered patterns and complex structures revealed in this work suggest a fruitful organizational strategy based on the interplay of external stress and intrinsic elastic instability of particle arrays.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Searches for Permanent Electric Dipole Moments - Some Recent Developments
Creators: name: Jungmann, Klaus P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for permanent electric dipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles render the possibility to discover New Physics beyond present Standard Theory. New ideas for experiments have come up recently which may allow to lower present limits substantially or even find unambiguous effects. Such are predicted by a variety of speculative models. The identification of potential sources for CP and T-violation will require to study several systems, which all have different sensitivity to possible mechanisms generating EDMs.
description: 16th International Spin Physics Symposium, Trieste, 2004
Three-Mirror Anastigmat Telescope with an Unvignetted Flat Focal Plane
Creators: name: Nariai, Kyoji
name: Iye, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new optical design concept of telescopes to provide an aberration-free, wide field, unvignetted flat focal plane is described. The system employs three aspheric mirrors to remove aberrations, and provides a semi-circular field of view with minimum vignetting. The third mirror reimages the intermediate image made by the first two-mirror system with a magnification factor on the order of unity. The present system contrasts with the Korsch system where the magnification factor of the third mirror is usually much larger than unity. Two separate optical trains can be deployed to cover the entire circular field, if necessary.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
The Origin of X-ray Emission in the Gamma-ray emitting Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 1H 0323+342
Creators: name: Mundo, Sergio A.
name: Kara, Erin
name: Cackett, Edward M.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Jiang, J.
name: Mushotzky, R. F.
name: Parker, M. L.
name: Pinto, C.
name: Reynolds, C. S.
name: Zoghbi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of X-ray spectral and timing analyses of the closest gamma-ray emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 ($γ$-NLS1) galaxy, 1H 0323+342. We use observations from a recent, simultaneous XMM-Newton/NuSTAR campaign. As in radio-quiet NLS1s, the spectrum reveals a soft excess at low energies ($\lesssim2$ keV) and reflection features such as a broad iron K emission line. We also find evidence of a hard excess at energies above $\sim35$ keV that is likely a consequence of jet emission. Our analysis shows that relativistic reflection is statistically required, and using a combination of models that includes the reflection model relxill for the broadband spectrum, we find an inclination of $i=63^{+7}_{-5}$ degrees, which is in tension with much lower values inferred by superluminal motion in radio observations. We also find a flat ($q=2.2\pm0.3$) emissivity profile, implying that there is more reflected flux than usual being emitted from the outer regions of the disk, which in turn suggests a deviation from the thin disk model assumption. We discuss possible reasons for this, such as reflection off of a thick accretion disk geometry.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 pages, 9 figures; references added
Perturbative analysis of multiple-field cosmological inflation
Creators: name: Lahiri, Joydev
name: Bhattacharya, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general formalism for analyzing linear perturbations in multiple-field cosmological inflation based on the gauge-ready approach. Our inflationary model consists of an arbitrary number of scalar fields with non-minimal kinetic terms. We solve the equations for scalar- and tensor-type perturbations during inflation to the first order in slow-roll, and then obtain the super-horizon solutions for adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations after inflation. Analytic expressions for power-spectra and spectral indices arising from multiple-field inflation are presented.
description: 19 pages, RevTex
Adversarial Deep Ensemble: Evasion Attacks and Defenses for Malware Detection
Creators: name: Li, Deqiang
name: Li, Qianmu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62

description: Malware remains a big threat to cyber security, calling for machine learning based malware detection. While promising, such detectors are known to be vulnerable to evasion attacks. Ensemble learning typically facilitates countermeasures, while attackers can leverage this technique to improve attack effectiveness as well. This motivates us to investigate which kind of robustness the ensemble defense or effectiveness the ensemble attack can achieve, particularly when they combat with each other. We thus propose a new attack approach, named mixture of attacks, by rendering attackers capable of multiple generative methods and multiple manipulation sets, to perturb a malware example without ruining its malicious functionality. This naturally leads to a new instantiation of adversarial training, which is further geared to enhancing the ensemble of deep neural networks. We evaluate defenses using Android malware detectors against 26 different attacks upon two practical datasets. Experimental results show that the new adversarial training significantly enhances the robustness of deep neural networks against a wide range of attacks, ensemble methods promote the robustness when base classifiers are robust enough, and yet ensemble attacks can evade the enhanced malware detectors effectively, even notably downgrading the VirusTotal service.
description: D. Li and Q. Li, "Adversarial Deep Ensemble: Evasion Attacks and Defenses for Malware Detection," in IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (early access)
Predicting heave and surge motions of a semi-submersible with neural networks
Creators: name: Guo, Xiaoxian
name: Zhang, Xiantao
name: Tian, Xinliang
name: Li, Xin
name: Lu, Wenyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-time motion prediction of a vessel or a floating platform can help to improve the performance of motion compensation systems. It can also provide useful early-warning information for offshore operations that are critical with regard to motion. In this study, a long short-term memory (LSTM) -based machine learning model was developed to predict heave and surge motions of a semi-submersible. The training and test data came from a model test carried out in the deep-water ocean basin, at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China. The motion and measured waves were fed into LSTM cells and then went through serval fully connected (FC) layers to obtain the prediction. With the help of measured waves, the prediction extended 46.5 s into future with an average accuracy close to 90%. Using a noise-extended dataset, the trained model effectively worked with a noise level up to 0.8. As a further step, the model could predict motions only based on the motion itself. Based on sensitive studies on the architectures of the model, guidelines for the construction of the machine learning model are proposed. The proposed LSTM model shows a strong ability to predict vessel wave-excited motions.
description: 16 pages, 22 figures, submitted to Applied Ocean Research
Tunneling through the quantum horizon
Creators: name: Arzano, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of quantum-gravity induced corrective terms for the probability of emission of a particle from a black hole in the Parikh-Wilczek tunneling framework is studied. It is shown, in particular, how corrections might arise from modifications of the surface gravity due to near horizon Planck-scale effects. Our derivation provides an example of the possible linking between Planck-scale departures from Lorentz invariance and the appearance of higher order quantum gravity corrections in the black-hole entropy-area relation.
description: 8 pages, no figures, REVTeX. Extensively revised version. New title and modified paper structure. Main analysis unchanged. Some conclusions have been removed and will be discussed in a forthcoming work
$q$-difference equations for homogeneous $q$-difference operators and their applications
Creators: name: Arjika, Sama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A30, 33D15, 33D45, 05A40, 11B65

description: In this short paper, we show how to deduce several types of generating functions from Srivastava {\it et al} [Appl. Set-Valued Anal. Optim. {\bf 1} (2019), pp. 187-201.] by the method of $q$-difference equations. Moreover, we build relations between transformation formulas and homogeneous $q$-difference equations.
description: 10
Gamma Rays from UltraCompact Minihaloes: Effects on the Earth's Atmosphere and Links to Mass Extinction Events
Creators: name: Sarkis, M.
name: Beck, G.
name: Thomas, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of the effects on the Earth's atmosphere by astrophysical sources, such as nearby gamma-ray bursts or supernovae, have shown that these events could lead to severe changes in atmospheric composition. Depletion of ozone, the most notable of these changes, is extremely dangerous to living organisms as any decrease in ozone levels leads to an increase in the irradiance of harmful solar radiation at the Earth's surface. In this work we consider dark matter as an astrophysical source of gamma rays, by the annihilation and decay of WIMPs found within dark compact halo objects known as UltraCompact Minihaloes (UCMHs). We calculate the fluence of gamma rays produced in this way and simulate the resulting changes to terrestrial ozone levels using the Goddard Space Flight Center 2D Atmospheric Model. We also calculate the rate at which such events would occur, using estimates for the mass distribution of these haloes within the Milky Way. We find that the ozone depletion from UCMHs can be significant, and even of similar magnitude to the levels which have been linked to the cause of the Late-Ordovician mass extinction event. However, the probability of such encounters over the Earth's entire history is relatively low. This suggests that, while dark compact objects like UCMHs could have had an impact on the Earth's biosphere, other astrophysical phenomena like gamma-ray bursts or supernovae seem a more likely source of these effects.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Escape of a passive particle from activity-induced energy landscape: Emergence of slow and fast effective diffusion
Creators: name: Chaki, Subhasish
name: Chakrabarti, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous persistent motions driven by active processes play a central role to maintain the living cells far from equilibrium. In the majority of the research works, the steady state dynamics of an active system has been described in terms of an effective temperature. In the majority of the research works, the steady state dynamics of an active system has been described in terms of an effective temperature. By contrast, we have examined a prototype model for diffusion in an activity-induced rugged energy landscape to describe the slow dynamics of a tagged particle in a dense active environment. The expression for the mean escape time from the active rugged energy landscape holds only in the limit of low activity and the mean escape time from the rugged energy landscape increases with activity. The precise form of the active correlation will determine whether the mean escape time will depend on the persistence time or not. The active rugged energy landscape approach also allows an estimate of non-equilibrium effective diffusivity characterizing the slow diffusive motion of the tagged particle due to activity. On the other hand, in a dilute environment, high activity augments the diffusion of the tagged particle. The enhanced diffusion can be attributed to an effective temperature, higher than the ambient temperature and is used to calculate the Kramers' mean escape time, which decreases with activity. Our results have direct relevance to recent experiments on tagged particle diffusion in condensed phases.
Endogenous and microbial volatile organic compounds in cutaneous health and disease
Creators: name: Duffy, Emer
name: Morrin, Aoife
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Human skin is a region of high metabolic activity where a rich variety of biomarkers are secreted from the stratum corneum. The skin is a constant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from skin glands and resident microbiota. Skin VOCs contain the footprints of cellular activities and thus offer unique insights into the intricate processes of cutaneous physiology. This review examines the growing body of research on skin VOC markers as they relate to skin physiology, whereby variations in skin-intrinsic and microbial metabolic processes give rise to unique volatile profiles. Emerging evidence for volatile biomarkers linked to skin perturbations and skin cancer are examined. Microbial-derived VOCs are also investigated as prospective diagnostic markers, and their potential to shape the composition of the local skin microbiota, and consequently cutaneous health, is considered. Finally, a brief outlook on emerging analytical challenges and opportunities for skin VOC-based research and diagnostics is presented.
X-ray study of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 3411-3412 with XMM-Newton and Suzaku
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Akamatsu, H.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
name: de Plaa, J.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Chandra observations of the Abell 3411-3412 merging system have revealed an outbound bullet-like sub-cluster in the northern part and many surface brightness (SB) edges at the southern periphery, where multiple diffuse sources are also reported from radio observations. Notably, a south-eastern radio relic associated with fossil plasma from a radio galaxy and with a detected X-ray edge provides direct evidence of shock re-acceleration. The properties of the reported X-ray edges have yet to be constrained from a thermodynamic view. Aims: We use the XMM-Newton and Suzaku observations to reveal the thermodynamical nature of the reported re-acceleration site and other X-ray edges. Meanwhile, we aim to investigate the temperature profile in the low-density outskirts with Suzaku data. Methods: We perform both imaging and spectral analysis to measure the density jump and the temperature jump across multiple known X-ray SB discontinuities. We present a new method to calibrate the XMM-Newton soft proton background. Archival Chandra, Suzaku, and ROSAT data are used to estimate the cosmic X-ray background and Galactic foreground levels with improved accuracy compared to standard blank sky spectra. Results: At the south-eastern edge, both XMM-Newton and Suzaku's temperature jumps point to a $\mathcal{M}\sim1.2$ shock, which agrees with result from SB fits with Chandra, and supports the re-acceleration scenario at this shock front. The southern edge shows a more complex scenario, where a shock and the presence of stripped cold material may coincide. The Suzaku temperature profiles in the southern low density regions are marginally higher than the typical relaxed cluster temperature profile. The measured value $kT_{500}=4.84\pm0.04\pm0.19$ keV with XMM-Newton and $kT_{500}=5.17\pm0.07\pm0.13$ keV with Suzaku are significantly lower than previously inferred from Chandra.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures (+8 in appendix), 7 tables (+3 in appendix). Accepted for publication in A&A
Fast radio bursts to be detected with the Square Kilometre Array
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Tetsuya
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: On, Alvina Y. L.
name: Lu, Ting-Yi
name: Santos, Daryl Joe D.
name: Ho, Simon C. -C.
name: Wang, Ting-Wen
name: Kim, Seong Jin
name: Hsiao, Tiger Y. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are mysterious extragalactic radio signals. Revealing their origin is one of the central foci in modern astronomy. Previous studies suggest that occurrence rates of non-repeating and repeating FRBs could be controlled by the cosmic stellar-mass density (CSMD) and star formation-rate density (CSFRD), respectively. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is one of the best future instruments to address this subject due to its high sensitivity and high-angular resolution. Here, we predict the number of FRBs to be detected with the SKA. In contrast to previous predictions, we estimate the detections of non-repeating and repeating FRBs separately, based on latest observational constraints on their physical properties including the spectral indices, FRB luminosity functions, and their redshift evolutions. We consider two cases of redshift evolution of FRB luminosity functions following either the CSMD or CSFRD. At $z\gtrsim2$, $z\gtrsim6$ and $z\gtrsim10$, non-repeating FRBs will be detected with the SKA at a rate of $\sim10^{4}$, $\sim10^{2}$, and $\sim10$ (sky$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$), respectively, if their luminosity function follows the CSMD evolution. At $z\gtrsim1$, $z\gtrsim2$, and $z\gtrsim4$, sources of repeating FRBs will be detected at a rate of $\sim10^{3}$, $\sim10^{2}$, and $\lesssim10$ (sky$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$), respectively, assuming that the redshift evolution of their luminosity function is scaled with the CSFRD. These numbers could change by about one order of magnitude depending on the assumptions on the CSMD and CSFRD. In all cases, abundant FRBs will be detected by the SKA, which will further constrain the luminosity functions and number density evolutions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. A summary is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-30UghzCO8
Additional file 2 of Outcomes of arteriovenous access among cancer patients requiring chronic haemodialysis
Creators: name: Seonjeong Jeong
name: Hyunwook Kwon
name: Chang, Jai Won
name: Youngjin Han
name: Kwon, Tae-Won
name: Cho, Yong-Pil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Kaplan–Meier analyses of (A) primary and (B) secondary patency of arteriovenous access, and (C) overall survival rates of the study sample.
Euler numbers of four-dimensional rotating black holes with the Euclidean signature
Creators: name: Ma, Zheng Ze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a black hole's spacetime manifold in the Euclidean signature, its metric is positive definite and therefore a Riemannian manifold. It can be regarded as a gravitational instanton and a topological characteristic which is the Euler number is associated. In this paper we derive a formula for the Euler numbers of four-dimensional rotating black holes by the integral of the Euler density on the spacetime manifolds of black holes. Using this formula, we obtain that the Euler numbers of Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes are 2. We also obtain that the Euler number of the Kerr-Sen metric in the heterotic string theory with one boost angle nonzero is 2 that is in accordence with its topology.
description: 15 pages, Latex, arxiv-id for the refs. supplemented
Hadas-Lebel, Mireille: De providentia I et II
Creators: name: Davids, Adelbert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 59 (1975): Oriens christianus, Band 59
Additional file 1 of Examining the role of spatial skills and mathematics motivation on middle school mathematics achievement
Creators: name: Atit, Kinnari
name: Power, Jason R.
name: Veurink, Norma
name: Uttal, David H.
name: Sorby, Sheryl
name: Panther, Grace
name: Msall, Camille
name: Fiorella, Logan
name: Carr, Martha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Appendix. Math Motivation Questionnaire
Additional file 1 of Sub-lethal doses of albendazole induce drug metabolizing enzymes and increase albendazole deactivation in Haemonchus contortus adults
Creators: name: Kellerová, Pavlína
name: Stuchlíková, Lucie Raisová
name: Matoušková, Petra
name: Štěrbová, Karolína
name: Jiří Lamka
name: Navrátilová, Martina
name: Vokřál, Ivan
name: Szotáková, Barbora
name: Skálová, Lenka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The sequences, amplicon sizes, and efficiencies of primers.
Constraining the Kilonova Rate with Zwicky Transient Facility Searches Independent of Gravitational Wave and Short Gamma-ray Burst Triggers
Creators: name: Andreoni, Igor
name: Kool, Erik C.
name: Carracedo, Ana Sagues
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Ahumada, Tomas
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Anand, Shreya
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Goobar, Ariel
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Loveridge, Tegan T.
name: Karambelkar, Viraj
name: Cooke, Jeff
name: Bagdasaryan, Ashot
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Cook, David O.
name: De, Kishalay
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Delacroix, Alexandre
name: Drake, Andrew
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Golkhou, V. Zach
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Hale, David
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Mahabal, Ashish A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Smith, Roger M.
name: Tzanidakis, Anastasios
name: Van Sistine, Angela
name: Yao, Yuhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first binary neutron star merger, GW170817, was accompanied by a radioactivity-powered optical/infrared transient called a kilonova. To date, no compelling kilonova has been found during optical surveys of the sky, independent of gravitational-wave triggers. In this work, we searched the first 23 months of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data stream for candidate kilonovae in the form of rapidly evolving transients. We combined ZTF alert queries with forced point-spread-function photometry and nightly flux stacking to increase our sensitivity to faint and fast transients. Automatic queries yielded $>11,200$ candidates, 24 of which passed quality checks and strict selection criteria based on a grid of kilonova models tailored for both binary neutron star and neutron star-black hole mergers. None of the candidates in our sample was deemed a possible kilonova after thorough vetting, catalog cross-matching, and study of their color evolution. The sources that passed our selection criteria are dominated by Galactic cataclysmic variables. In addition, we identified two fast transients at high Galactic latitude, one of which is the confirmed afterglow of long-duration GRB190106A, and the other is a possible cosmological afterglow. Using a survey simulation code, we constrained the kilonova rate for a range of models including top-hat and linearly decaying light curves and synthetic light curves obtained with radiative transfer simulations. For prototypical GW170817-like kilonovae, we constrain the rate to be $R < 1775$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ at 95% confidence level by requiring at least 2 high-significance detections. By assuming a population of kilonovae with the same geometry and composition of GW170817 observed under a uniform viewing angle distribution, we obtained a constraint on the rate of $R < 4029$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$.
description: Submitted for publication in ApJ
A very deep Chandra observation of the Perseus cluster: shocks, ripples and conduction
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Allen, S. W.
name: Crawford, C. S.
name: Johnstone, R. M.
name: Iwasawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from a very deep Chandra X-ray observation of the core of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. A pressure map reveals a clear thick band of high pressure around the inner radio bubbles. The gas in the band must be expanding outward and the sharp front to it is identified as a shock front, yet we see no temperature jump across it; indeed there is more soft emission behind the shock than in front of it. We conclude that in this inner region either thermal conduction operates efficiently or the co-existing relativistic plasma seen as the radio mini-halo is mediating the shock. If common, isothermal shocks in cluster cores mean that we cannot diagnose the expansion speed of radio bubbles from temperature measurements alone. They can at times expand more rapidly than currently assumed without producing significant regions of hot gas. Bubbles may also be significantly more energetic. The pressure ripples found in earlier images are identified as isothermal sound waves. A simple estimate based on their amplitude confirms that they can be an effective distributed heat source able to balance radiative cooling. We see multiphase gas with about 10^9 Msun at a temperature of about 0.5 keV. Much, but not all, of this cooler gas is spatially associated with the optical filamentary nebula around the central galaxy, NGC 1275. A residual cooling flow of about 50 Msun/yr may be taking place. A channel is found in the pressure map along the path of the bubbles, with indications found of outer bubbles. The channel connects in the S with a curious cold front.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, colour, accepted by MNRAS, includes minor changes suggested by referee, high quality version at http://www-xray.ast.cam.ac.uk/papers/per_mega.pdf
Stakeholders interest and influence and their interactions in managing natural resources in Lake Hawassa catchment, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wolde Mekuria
name: Amare Haileslassie
name: Tengberg, Anna
name: Cryton Zazu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study was conducted in Lake Hawassa catchment, Ethiopia where policy programs are aiming to restore degraded lands with participation of local stakeholders. We assessed the system in relation to natural resource management and degradation using the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) conceptual framework and conducted a stakeholder analysis to understand stakeholder interest, influence and interactions amongst the different categories of stakeholders. Data were collected using key informant interviews, field observation and a literature review. Results indicate that the degradation of natural resources in the catchment is attributed to several interlinked socio-economic and biophysical factors. Identified stakeholders include government and non-governmental organizations, local administrative bodies, civil society, the private sector and farmers. Most of the stakeholders have a role in landscape restoration, have similar interests and strategic options, and are flexible and innovative. Moderate to pronounced trust exists among identified stakeholders and could provide an opportunity to achieve better coordination and collective action amongst the different stakeholders. However, considerable differences between stakeholders in power, power resources and influence were detected due to differences in access to information, communication and negotiation skills, practical relevance, and social relations. The costs for empowerment measures could be low, as many of the stakeholders have access to and control of resources and high level of basic competencies. Our findings could guide practitioners and policy makers on whom and how to engage when planning and implementing natural resources management and landscape restoration interventions at catchment level.
A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band Filter. I. Filter Design and New Discoveries in Ophiuchus and Perseus
Creators: name: Allers, Katelyn N.
name: Liu, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and implementation of a medium-band near-IR filter tailored for detecting low-mass stars and brown dwarfs from the summit of Maunakea. The W-band filter is centered at 1.45 micron with a bandpass width of 6%, designed to measure the depth of the H2O water absorption prominent in objects with spectral types of M6 and later. When combined with standard J- and H-band photometry, the W-band filter is designed to determine spectral types to $\approx$1.4 subtypes for late-M and L dwarfs, largely independent of surface gravity and reddening. This filter's primary application is completing the census of young substellar objects in star-forming regions, using W-band selection to greatly reduce contamination by reddened background stars that impede broad-band imaging surveys. We deployed the filter on the UH 88-inch telescope to survey $\approx$3 sq. deg. of the NGC 1333, IC 348, and rho Ophiuchus star-forming regions. Our spectroscopic followup of W-band selected candidates resulted in the confirmation of 48 ultracool dwarfs with a success rate of 89%, demonstrating the efficacy of this new filter and selection method.
description: PASP, in press
Soft X-ray Vortex Beam detected by In-line Holography
Creators: name: Ishii, Yuta
name: Yamamoto, Kohei
name: Yokoyama, Yuichi
name: Mizumaki, Masaichiro
name: Nakao, Hironori
name: Arima, Taka-hisa
name: Yamasaki, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the in-line holography for soft x-ray vortex beam having an orbital angular momentum. A hologram is recorded as an interference between a Bragg diffraction wave from a fork grating and a divergence wave generated by a Fresnel zone plate. The obtained images exhibit fork-shaped interference fringes, which confirms the formation of the vortex beam. By analyzing the interference image, we successfully obtained the spiral phase distribution. The results demonstrate that the in-line holography technique is promising for the characterization of topological magnets, such as magnetic skyrmions.