cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Response of a polymer network to the motion of a rigid sphere
Creators: name: Diamant, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of recent microrheology experiments we re-examine the problem of a rigid sphere oscillating inside a dilute polymer network. The network and its solvent are treated using the two-fluid model. We show that the dynamics of the medium can be decomposed into two independent incompressible flows. The first, dominant at large distances and obeying the Stokes equation, corresponds to the collective flow of the two components as a whole. The other, governing the dynamics over an intermediate range of distances and following the Brinkman equation, describes the flow of the network and solvent relative to one another. The crossover between these two regions occurs at a dynamic length scale which is much larger than the network's mesh size. The analysis focuses on the spatial structure of the medium's response and the role played by the dynamic crossover length. We examine different boundary conditions at the sphere surface. The large-distance collective flow is shown to be independent of boundary conditions and network compressibility, establishing the robustness of two-point microrheology at large separations. The boundary conditions that fit the experimental results for inert spheres in entangled F-actin networks are those of a free network, which does not interact directly with the sphere. Closed-form expressions and scaling relations are derived, allowing for the extraction of material parameters from a combination of one- and two-point microrheology. We discuss a basic deficiency of the two-fluid model and a way to bypass it when analyzing microrheological data.
description: 11 pages
SO(5) symmetry in the quantum Hall effect in graphene
Creators: name: Wu, Fengcheng
name: Sodemann, Inti
name: Araki, Yasufumi
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
name: Jolicoeur, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons in graphene have four flavors associated with low-energy spin and valley degrees of freedom. The fractional quantum Hall effect in graphene is dominated by long-range Coulomb interactions which are invariant under rotations in spin-valley space. This SU(4) symmetry is spontaneously broken at most filling factors, and also weakly broken by atomic scale valley-dependent and valley-exchange interactions with coupling constants $g_{z}$ and $g_{\perp}$. In this paper we demonstrate that when $g_{z}=-g_{\perp}$ an exact SO(5) symmetry survives which unifies the Néel spin order parameter of the antiferromagnetic state and the $XY$ valley order parameter of the Kekulé distortion state into a single five-component order parameter. The proximity of the highly insulating quantum Hall state observed in graphene at $ν=0$ to an ideal SO(5) symmetric quantum Hall state remains an open experimental question. We illustrate the physics associated with this SO(5) symmetry by studying the multiplet structure and collective dynamics of filling factor $ν=0$ quantum Hall states based on exact-diagonalization and low-energy effective theory approaches. This allows to illustrate how manifestations of the SO(5) symmetry would survive even when it is weakly broken.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Spectral signatures of jets and winds in the young, open cluster NGC 2264
Creators: name: McGinnis, Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: We present a study of the [OI]6300 emission line, a well-known tracer of jets and winds, detected in spectra of 108 T Tauri stars and 2 Herbig Ae/Be stars in the ~5Myr old cluster, NGC 2264. We identify 3 main features of this line: a high-velocity component (HVC), believed to originate in protostellar jets, and a broad and narrow low-velocity components (BLVC and NLVC). We search for correlations between these components and stellar/disk/accretion properties, as well as high-precision CoRoT light curves, to investigate the link between the outflows responsible for these features and the star and disk. We find that the HVC is most often associated with sources whose light curves are attributed to an unstable accretion regime and that the internal stellar structure does not seem to influence its occurrence among T Tauri stars. The [OI]6300 line profile shows signs of evolving as the accretion disk disperses: the HVC and BLVC disappear as the inner disk becomes optically thin. Since the NLVC seems to originate farther out in the disk (up to ∼15au from the central object) than the HVC and BLVC (within ∼3au), this supports the scenario of inside-out gas dissipation of the inner disk.
The strong coupling from the revised ALEPH data for hadronic $τ$ decays
Creators: name: Boito, Diogo
name: Golterman, Maarten
name: Maltman, Kim
name: Osborne, James
name: Peris, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply an analysis method previously developed for the extraction of the strong coupling from the OPAL data to the recently revised ALEPH data for non-strange hadronic $τ$ decays. Our analysis yields the values $α_s(m_τ^2)=0.296\pm 0.010$ using fixed-order perturbation theory, and $α_s(m_τ^2)=0.310\pm 0.014$ using contour-improved perturbation theory. Averaging these values with our previously obtained values from the OPAL data, we find $α_s(m_τ^2)=0.303\pm 0.009$, respectively, $α_s(m_τ^2)=0.319\pm 0.012$. We present a critique of the analysis method employed previously, for example in analyses by the ALEPH and OPAL collaborations, and compare it with our own approach. Our conclusion is that non-perturbative effects limit the accuracy with which the strong coupling, an inherently perturbative quantity, can be extracted at energies as low as the $τ$ mass. Our results further indicate that systematic errors on the determination of the strong coupling from analyses of hadronic $τ$-decay data have been underestimated in much of the existing literature.
description: 41 pages, 15 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. D
Extracting Information from Qubit-Environment Correlations
Creators: name: Reina, John H.
name: Susa, Cristian E.
name: Fanchini, Felipe F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most works on open quantum systems generally focus on the reduced physical system by tracing out the environment degrees of freedom. Here we show that the qubit distributions with the environment are essential for a thorough analysis, and demonstrate that the way that quantum correlations are distributed in a quantum register is constrained by the way in which each subsystem gets correlated with the environment. For a two-qubit system coupled to a common dissipative environment $\mathcal{E}$, we show how to optimise interqubit correlations and entanglement via a quantification of the qubit-environment information flow, in a process that, perhaps surprisingly, does not rely on the knowledge of the state of the environment. To illustrate our findings, we consider an optically-driven bipartite interacting qubit $AB$ system under the action of $\mathcal{E}$. By tailoring the light-matter interaction, a relationship between the qubits early stage disentanglement and the qubit-environment entanglement distribution is found. We also show that, under suitable initial conditions, the qubits energy asymmetry allows the identification of physical scenarios whereby qubit-qubit entanglement minima coincide with the extrema of the $A\mathcal{E}$ and $B\mathcal{E}$ entanglement oscillations.
description: 4 figures, 9 pages
A unified data representation theory for network visualization, ordering and coarse-graining
Creators: name: Kovács, István A.
name: Mizsei, Réka
name: Csermely, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Representation of large data sets became a key question of many scientific disciplines in the last decade. Several approaches for network visualization, data ordering and coarse-graining accomplished this goal. However, there was no underlying theoretical framework linking these problems. Here we show an elegant, information theoretic data representation approach as a unified solution of network visualization, data ordering and coarse-graining. The optimal representation is the hardest to distinguish from the original data matrix, measured by the relative entropy. The representation of network nodes as probability distributions provides an efficient visualization method and, in one dimension, an ordering of network nodes and edges. Coarse-grained representations of the input network enable both efficient data compression and hierarchical visualization to achieve high quality representations of larger data sets. Our unified data representation theory will help the analysis of extensive data sets, by revealing the large-scale structure of complex networks in a comprehensible form.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
A cross-sectional analysis of reporting consistency and clinical trial transparency presented at major medical conferences
Creators: name: Rowhani-Farid, Anisa
name: Hong, Kyungwan
name: Grewal, Mikas
name: Reynolds, Jesse
name: Zhang, Audrey
name: Wallach, Joshua
name: Ross, Joseph
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This project examined the extent to which clinical trials presented at major international medical conferences in 2016 transparently and consistently reported their study design, endpoints, and results across conference abstracts and published manuscript abstracts. We also compared endpoints between abstracts and registry entries and results between abstracts and media releases.
Detecting signatures of planet formation in disks around young stars
Creators: name: Mendigutía, Ignacio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The detection of forming planets in protoplanetary disks around young stars remains merely anecdotal, with only a few candidates proposed to date. HD 100546 and LkCa 15 are two of the most representative objects, given that their circumstellar disks may host (proto-)planetary systems with several planets each. I will summarize some of the main properties of HD 100546 as inferred from spectrometry, spectro-interferometry and high-resolution polarized imaging with XSHOOTER, AMBER and SPHERE on the VLTs. In particular, we have detected an intriguing bar-like structure that seems to connect the outer and the inner disk of HD 100546 (Mendigutıa et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A104). I will also discuss the potential of spectro-astrometry to detect planets in formation, based on recently obtained ISIS/WHT data of LkCa 15. Indeed, these observations have allowed us to look for LkCa 15 b, the first claimed accreting planet around a young star. Even when our data cannot be explained from such a planet but from extended Halpha emission, these observations prove that Halpha spectro-astrometry can be used to test the presence of accreting planets on angular scales of of (sub-)mas without the need of complex instrumentation but from long-slit spectrographs mounted on mid-size telescopes (Mendigutía et al. 2018, A&A letter, accepted: arXiv:1810.04181).
title: Verkehrslabor - Evaluation eines Verkehrssicherheitsprogramms für Kindergartenkinder
Creators: name: Grafl, Claudia
Year: 2022

description: Die wichtigsten Wege von Kindern, nämliche jene zur Bildungsstätte oder zu Freizeitaktivitäten, führen durch den Straßenverkehr, weshalb bereits Vorschulkinder in beträchtlichem Ausmaß am Verkehrsgeschehen teilnehmen. Auch wenn Kindergartenkinder in der Regel in Begleitung unterwegs sind, so müssen sie, nicht zuletzt in Hinblick auf die selbständige Bestreitung des Schulweges, frühzeitig lernen, sich sicher im Straßenverkehr zu bewegen. Während die Volkschulzeit in Österreich durch kontinuierliches Verkehrstraining geprägt ist, beschränkt sich Verkehrserziehung im Kindergarten auf einmalige Aktionen, meist im letzten Kindergartenjahr. Damit Verkehrsfertigkeiten jedoch verankert und gefestigt werden können, braucht es regelmäßiges Training. Zudem müssen Inhalte und Methoden von Verkehrserziehungsmaßnahmen sorgfältig auf die Bedürfnisse und Fähigkeiten der jeweiligen Zielgruppe abgestimmt werden. Aus lerntheoretischer bzw. entwicklungspsychologischer Sicht brauchen Kinder im Vorschulalter, neben der theoretischen Vermittlung von Verkehrsregeln, praktisches Training um diese im Realverkehr tatsächlich anwenden zu können. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat die sicher unterwegs-Verkehrspsychologische Untersuchungen GmbH den Verkehrssicherheitsworkshop „Verkehrslabor“ entwickelt. Um beurteilen zu können, ob eine Verkehrserziehungsmaßnahme tatsächlich den gewünschten Erfolg bringt, muss sie einer Evaluation unterzogen werden. Eine Forderung, die in vielen Ländern Europas, so auch in Österreich, kaum umgesetzt wird. Ziel vorliegender Arbeit war es, diese Lücke ansatzweise zu schließen und den Verkehrssicherheitsworkshop „Verkehrslabor“ einer Wirksamkeitsprüfung zu unterziehen. Evaluiert wurde das Programm anhand des 4-Stufen-Modells von Kirkpatrick auf den Ebenen Reaktion und Lernen. Die Datenerhebung fand einmal vor und einmal nach dem Treatment statt. Insgesamt 52 Kinder im Alter von 4-6 Jahren aus zwei Wiener Kindergärten nahmen an der Studie teil. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das „Verkehrslabor“ sowohl von den Kindern als auch den Pädagog*innen sehr gut angenommen wurde. Die Kinder wiesen zudem nach der Teilnahme am Workshop in beinahe allen Bereichen ein höheres Verkehrswissen auf und zeigten ein sichereres Querungsverhalten. In der Diskussion werden Stärken und Schwächen vorliegender Evaluationsstudie thematisiert, weiterer Forschungsbedarf aufgedeckt, praktische Schlussfolgerungen abgeleitet und Empfehlungen an die Politik abgegeben.
Investigating Children's Understanding of Racial Privilege & Discrimination: Amendment to Sampling & Analysis Plan
Creators: name: Leshin, Rachel
name: Wang, Michelle
name: Rhodes, Marjorie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This registration contains a slight modification to the sampling and analysis plan laid out in the original pre-registration for this study.
Search for contact interactions and large extra dimensions in the dilepton channel using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is conducted for non-resonant new phenomena in dielectron and dimuon final states, originating from either contact interactions or large extra spatial dimensions. The LHC 2012 proton-proton collision dataset recorded by the ATLAS detector is used, corresponding to 20 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV. The dilepton invariant mass spectrum is a discriminating variable in both searches, with the contact interaction search additionally utilizing the dilepton forward-backward asymmetry. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed. Lower limits are set on the $\ell\ell q q$ contact interaction scale $Λ$ between 15.4 TeV and 26.3 TeV, at the 95% credibility level. For large extra spatial dimensions, lower limits are set on the string scale $M_{S}$ between 3.2 TeV to 5.0 TeV.
description: 14 pages plus author list + cover pages (28 pages total), 8 figures, 7 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys. J. C, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2013-19/
Implication of the Korean Agricultural Technology Group Activities during the Vietnam War
Creators: name: Lee, Sinjae
name: Lee, Sinjae
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Korean Agricultural Technology Group: KATG
subject: Vietnam War
subject: Agriculture Technology

description: During the Vietnam War, the Korean government dispatched a Korean Agricultural Technical Group (KATG) to support South Vietnam. It was the first case of overseas transfer of farming technologies in Korean agricultural history, but so far, there have not been sufficient studies on this. The dispatch of the KATG to Vietnam took place under the structure of trilateral economic cooperation formed between Korea, South Vietnam, and the United States. Starting with March 18, 1967, it lasted more than eight years until Vietnam became communized in April 1975. During this period, at least 200 domestic experts were dispatched to Vietnam. They supported South Vietnam in the fields of the agricultural economy, water management, and fisheries. Their support contributed to the restoration and development of the farming and fishing industry in South Vietnam, devastated by the war. They also played a role in supporting Korean troops dispatched to Vietnam. The dispatch of the KATG to Vietnam also achieved approximately USD 2 million. The dispatch of the KATG to Vietnam during the war period has significance in research for agricultural history and war history as well. Therefore, more studies to supplement the outcome of this research need to be followed.
The effectiveness of early childhood education and care (ECEC) based interventions for increasing child physical activity: Protocol for an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Grady, Alice
name: Yoong, Serene
name: Jackson, Jacklyn
name: Lamont, Hannah
name: Giles, Luke
name: Lorch, Rebecca
name: Finch, Meghan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This protocol proposes an update of the 2014 systematic review and meta-analysis carried out by Finch et al. 2016 to assess the effectiveness of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) based interventions to improve physical activity among children aged 0 to 6 years whilst in care. Specifically, this systematic review and meta-analysis will seek to assess the effectiveness of physical activity interventions delivered in centre-based ECEC services for improving child physical activity. Secondary aims are to assess the impact of physical activity interventions delivered in ECEC services on child weight-based anthropometric outcomes, child fundamental movement skills (FMS), child cognitive functioning and child social-emotional wellbeing outcomes. Economic evaluations and adverse effects of the interventions will also be assessed.
Experimental study of a phase-sensitive heterodyne detector
Creators: name: Fan, Heng
name: He, Dechao
name: Feng, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is believed that the quantum behaviors of homodyne detectors and traditional heterodyne detectors can be fully understood in the context of the quantum theory of optical detection. According to the theory, a 3 dB extra quantum noise has been predicted in a traditional heterodyne detector, as a phase-insensitive device, due to the existence of the image sideband vacuum. However, regarding the noise performance of a phase-sensitive heterodyne detector, a fundamental dilemma inevitably arises: On one hand, the detector should suffer the 3 dB noise penalty caused by the image sideband vacuum, on the other hand, it, as a phase-sensitive device, should be noise free at the quantum level. We report on an experiment on the quantum noise performance of a phase-sensitive heterodyne detector with a bichromatic local oscillator. The results show that the studied detector is noise free, i.e., the quantum noise of the image sideband vacuum is absent in the observation. Revealing the mechanism for the absence of the image vacuum noise will be important for a full understanding of the origin of the quantum noise in optical detection.
description: 6 figures, revised
Geriatric Assessment-Identified Deficits in Older Cancer Patients With Normal Performance Status
Creators: name: Messino, M.
name: Pergolotti, M.
name: Jolly, T. A.
name: Moore, S. G.
name: Muss, H. B.
name: Gordon, B.-B. E.
name: Deal, A. M.
name: Wood, W. A.
name: Williams, G. R.
name: Taylor, W. C.
name: Dixon, S. A.
name: Nyrop, K. A.
name: Alston, S. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We investigated whether a brief geriatric assessment (GA) would identify important patient deficits that could affect treatment tolerance and care outcomes within a sample of older cancer patients rated as functionally normal (80%–100%) on the Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scale.
Zero modes, Bosonization and Topological Quantum Order: The Laughlin State in Second Quantization
Creators: name: Mazaheri, Tahereh
name: Ortiz, Gerardo
name: Nussinov, Zohar
name: Seidel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a "second-quantized" representation of the ring of symmetric functions to further develop a purely second-quantized -- or "lattice" -- approach to the study of zero modes of frustration free Haldane-pseudo-potential-type Hamiltonians, which in particular stabilize Laughlin ground states. We present three applications of this formalism. We start demonstrating how to systematically construct all zero-modes of Laughlin-type parent Hamiltonians in a framework that is free of first-quantized polynomial wave functions, and show that they are in one-to-one correspondence with dominance patterns. The starting point here is the pseudo-potential Hamiltonian in "lattice form", stripped of all information about the analytic structure of Landau levels (dynamical momenta). Secondly, as a by-product, we make contact with the bosonization method, and obtain an alternative proof for the equivalence between bosonic and fermionic Fock spaces. Finally, we explicitly derive the second-quantized version of Read's non-local (string) order parameter for the Laughlin state, extending an earlier description by Stone. Commutation relations between the local quasi-hole operator and the local electron operator are generalized to various geometries.
description: version published in PRB, editor's suggestion
Confirming accretion in MYLupi with UV-HST observations
Creators: name: Alcala, Juan Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The mass accretion rate is a crucial parameter for the study of the evolution of accretion discs around young low-mass stellar and substellar objects (YSOs), because it sets important constraints for disc evolution models and disc clearing mechanisms, and is a key quantity for the studies of Pre-Main Sequence (PMS) stellar evolution and planet formation. Low-mass PMS stars with transitional discs accreting at very low rates are likely in the final stages of inner disc evolution, and probably have already formed protoplanets. Hence, identifying and investigating such low accretors may help understanding planet formation. However, measurements of low accretion rates are challenging. In this work, we use UV-HST spectra to unambiguously confirm and investigate the accretion rate in the transitional YSO MYLup, an object previously classified as a weak or non-accretor based on optical spectra. The puzzle here is that the HST data provide a Macc value an order
Plasmons in strongly correlated systems: spectral weight transfer and renormalized dispersion
Creators: name: van Loon, E. G. C. P.
name: Hafermann, H.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
name: Rubtsov, A. N.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge-density dynamics within the two-dimensional extended Hubbard model in the presence of long-range Coulomb interaction across the metal-insulator transition point. To take into account strong correlations we start from self-consistent extended dynamical mean-field theory and include non-local dynamical vertex corrections through a ladder approximation to the polarization operator. This is necessary to fulfill charge conservation and to describe plasmons in the correlated state. The calculated plasmon spectra are qualitatively different from those in the random-phase approximation: they exhibit a spectral density transfer and a renormalized dispersion with enhanced deviation from the canonical $\sqrt{q}$-behavior. Both features are reminiscent of interaction induced changes found in single-electron spectra of strongly correlated systems.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures + appendix (3 pages, 1 figure)
Reverse transcription, primer pools preparation and multiplex PCR steps for DENV2 serotype
Creators: name: Ceschini Machado, Laís
name: Julia da Silva Pessoa Vieira, Carla
name: Wallau, Gabriel
name: Lima, Gustavo
name: Emídio Lima, Raul
name: Graf, Tiago
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics

description: This step-by-step protocol describes the cDNA synthesis, primer pools preparation and multiplex PCR conditions with the main goal to sequence the complete genome of DENV2 serotype strains.
Heat dissipation and its relation to molecular orbital energies in single-molecule junctions
Creators: name: Naimi, Yaghoob
name: Vahedi, Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the heat dissipation in single-molecule junctions. In order to investigate the heat dissipation in the electrodes and the relationship between the transmission spectra and the electronic structures, we consider a toy model that in which electrodes linked by a two-level molecular bridge. By using of the Landauer approach, we show how heat dissipation in the electrodes of a molecular junction is related to its transmission characteristics. We show that in general heat is not equally dissipated in the left and right electrodes of the junction and it depends on the bias polarity and the positions of molecule's energy levels with respect to the Fermi level. Also, we exploit the C$_{60}$ molecule as a junction and the results show a good agreement with the toy model. Our results for the heat dissipation are remarkable in the sense that they can be used to detect which energy levels of a junction are dominated in the transport process.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Spiral shock heating in protoplanetary disks: effect on the water snowline
Creators: name: Ataiee Torshizi, Sareh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The location of the water snowline, which is the closest snowline to the star, has an important effect on the formation of planets and their composition. The location of the snowline depends strongly on the heating processes inside the disk. In addition to irradiative heating and viscous heating, we show that heating via spiral shocks emerging from an embedded high mass planet can also have a significant effect on the location and shape of the snowline, sometimes moving it outward by a factor of two.
Unifying X-ray Scaling Relations from Galaxies to Clusters
Creators: name: Anderson, Michael E.
name: Gaspari, Massimo
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Wang, Wenting
name: Dai, Xinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a sample of $\sim 250 000$ "locally brightest galaxies" selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to be central galaxies within their dark matter halos. These were previously stacked by the Planck Collaboration to measure the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal as a function of central galaxy stellar mass. Here, we stack the X-ray emission from these halos using data from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. We detect emission across almost our entire sample, including emission which we attribute to hot gas around galaxies spanning a range of 1.2 dex in stellar mass (corresponding to nearly two orders of magnitude in halo mass) down to $M* = 10^{10.8} M_{\odot}$ ($M_{500} \approx 10^{12.6} M_{\odot}$). Over this range, the X-ray luminosity can be fit by a power-law, either of stellar mass or of halo mass. A single unified scaling relation between mass and $L_X$ applies for galaxies, groups, and clusters. This relation has a steeper slope than expected for self-similarity, in contrast to the $Y_{SZ}$-$M_{500}$ relation, showing the importance of non-gravitational heating. If this heating is predominantly due to AGN feedback, the lack of a break in our relation suggests that AGN feedback is tightly self-regulated and fairly gentle, in agreement with recent high-resolution simulations. Our results are consistent with earlier measurements of the $L_X$-$L_K$ relation for elliptical galaxies and of the $L_X$-$M_{500}$ relation for optically-selected galaxy clusters. However, our $L_X$-$M_{500}$ relation lies more than a factor of two below most previous relations based on X-ray-selected cluster samples. We argue that optical selection offers a less biased view of the $L_X$-$M_{500}$ relation.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Knowledge management systems and employee creative performance moderated by creative process engagement and intrinsic motivation
Creators: name: Herbst, Tobias
name: Hausberg, J.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Organization Development
subject: Business
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Theory, Knowledge and Science
subject: International Business
subject: Technology and Innovation
subject: Business Administration, Management, and Operations
subject: Work, Economy and Organizations
subject: Creativity
subject: Innovation Performance
subject: Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs)
subject: Motivation

description: Research project: Knowledge management systems and employee creative performance moderated by creative process engagement and intrinsic motivation Status: 04.10.2020, 19:26 Germany time, no data have been collected for this study yet
Leveraging automation and digitalization for precision agriculture: Evidence from the case studies
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Tomaso
name: Chauhan, Aneesh
name: Rambaldi, Giacomo
name: Kumar, Inder
name: Cappello, Christina
name: Janssen, Sander
name: McCampbell, Mariette
name: Ceccarelli, Tomaso
name: Chauhan, Aneesh
name: Rambaldi, Giacomo
name: Kumar, Inder
name: Cappello, Christina
name: Janssen, Sander
name: McCampbell, Mariette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agricultural production
subject: production systems
subject: farm typology
subject: precision agriculture
subject: digital agriculture
subject: automation
subject: investment
subject: business models
subject: partnerships
subject: networks
subject: knowledge sharing
subject: case studies

description: Digital and automation solutions for precision agriculture can improve efficiency, productivity, product quality and sustainability. Nevertheless, barriers to adoption of such solutions – including their cost, lack of knowledge and skills, and the absence of an enabling environment and infrastructure – can prevent producers from realizing these benefits. Building on findings from 22 case studies worldwide, this study finds that national data policies and infrastructure are key enablers of adoption, as is investment in connectivity (e.g. internet) and electricity in rural areas. Further research and information on the economic, environmental and social impacts of the solutions are also needed to provide evidence on their benefits. So too is investment in human capacity development, particularly digital literacy. To ensure an inclusive process, solutions must be adapted across agricultural production systems, regions and farm types. Partnerships and networks for exchanging information and promoting collaboration will key. Finally, awareness raising and communication are important since consumers can be skeptical about food being produced by new technologies. In summary, by focusing on a variety of solutions, this study provides a landscape analysis of digital and automation solutions and offers guidance to accelerate adoption for more inclusive, sustainable and resilient agrifood systems. This study was developed as a background document for the FAO report "The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 – Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems" (https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9479en).
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2912en
Morbidity and Mortality Among a Cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women and Their Infants From Malawi, Zambia, and Tanzania
Creators: name: Taha, Taha
name: Emel, Lynda
name: Kafulafula, George
name: Wang, Lei
name: Hoffman, Irving
name: Valentine, Megan
name: Brown, Elizabeth R.
name: Goldenberg, Robert L.
name: Read, Jennifer S.
name: Sinkala, Moses
name: Noor, Ramadhani A.
name: Brown, Lillian
name: Chilongozi, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Morbidity and mortality patterns among pregnant women and their infants (before antiretroviral therapy was widely available) determines HIV-1 diagnostic, monitoring, and care interventions.
Does election quality matter? A pre-registered quasi-experiment from Kenya's 2022 General Election
Creators: name: Harris, J.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: elections
subject: electoral integrity
subject: kenya
subject: natural experiment
subject: political trust
subject: prospective regression discontinuity

description: This design document details a prospective natural experiment conducted during Kenya's 2022 General Election to study the link between experiences of election quality and beliefs about electoral integrity. The design combines election day survey evidence with a follow up mobile phone survey to understand how citizen beliefs about election quality; a policy-based discontinuity effectively randomizes which voters experience better or worse quality elections.
Surgical Management of Chronic Patellar Tendon: Scoping Review
Creators: name: Amick, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Orthopedics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties

description: Patellar tendon ruptures are relatively uncommon, affecting less than 0.5% of the population each year. While acute ruptures are amenable to injury, chronic ruptures presenting greater than four weeks after initial injury generally require alternative surgical approaches. These alternative approaches are required in order to proximalize the retracted patella. Rare and surgically complicated by the chronic nature, surgical approaches are varied utilizing an array of staging, graft types, graft fixations, and postoperative rehabilitation plans. This scoping review aims to characterize the surgical management of the existing literature used in the management of chronic patellar tendon ruptures
Photonic skin-depth engineering
Creators: name: Jahani, Saman
name: Jacob, Zubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we proposed a paradigm shift in light confinement strategy showing how relaxed total internal reflection and photonic skin-depth engineering can lead to sub-diffraction waveguides without metal (S. Jahani and Z. Jacob, "Transparent sub-diffraction optics: nanoscale light confinement without metal," Optica 1, 96-100 (2014)). Here, we show that such extreme-skin-depth (e-skid) waveguides can counter-intuitively confine light better than the best-case all-dielectric design of high index silicon waveguides surrounded by vacuum. We also analytically establish that figures of merit related to light confinement in dielectric waveguides are fundamentally tied to the skin depth of waves in the cladding, a quantity surprisingly overlooked in dielectric photonics. We contrast the propagation characteristics of the fundamental mode of e-skid waveguides and conventional waveguides to show that the decay constant in the cladding is dramatically larger in e-skid waveguides, which is the origin of sub-diffraction confinement. We also propose an approach to verify the reduced photonic skin depth in experiment using the decrease in the Goos-Hanschen phase shift. Finally, we provide a generalization of our work using concepts of transformation optics where the photonic-skin depth engineering can be interpreted as a transformation on the momentum of evanescent waves.
Early evolution of protostellar discs
Creators: name: Birchall, Eloise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Star and planet formation are intimately entwined, and it is difficult to consider one without its implications for the other. Here I will discuss the initial results of my simulations of the formation of a protostellar disc and its associated chemical and physical evolution to investigate the implications this has for the earliest stages of planet formation. Meteoritic evidence (such as high temperature inclusions) suggests certain temperature and density processing histories throughout the Sun's protostellar disc, however such environments are not typically found in observations or simulations of other discs. I use the magneto-hydrodynamic adaptive mesh refinement code FLASH to simulate the collapse of a cloud into a star and disc, and follow the path of gas throughout the disc using tracer particles to probe the disc environment. The information from the tracer particles can then be compared with what is observed and found in meteoritic data to understand the links between the earliest stages of star and planet formation.
Risk Factors for Late Postnatal Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Chasela, Charles
name: Chen, Ying Qing
name: Young, Alicia
name: Taha, Taha E.
name: Read, Jennifer S.
name: Goldenberg, Robert L.
name: Fiscus, Susan
name: Emel, Lynda
name: Valentine, Megan
name: Hoffman, Irving
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We conducted secondary data analyses of a clinical trial (HIVNET 024) to assess risk factors for late postnatal transmission (LPT) of HIV-1 through breastfeeding.
Scalar suppression on large scales in open inflation
Creators: name: White, Jonathan
name: Zhang, Ying-li
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two toy models of open inflation and investigate their ability to give a suppression of scalar power on large scales whilst also satisfying observational constraints on the spatial curvature of the universe. Qualitatively we find that both models are indeed capable of fulfilling these two requirements, but we also see that effects of the quantum tunnelling must be carefully taken into account if we wish to make quantitative predictions.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures. Updated to match published version: figures 7 and 11 updated, references added, typos corrected
Antiretroviral Therapy Responses Among Children Attending a Large Public Clinic in Soweto, South Africa
Creators: name: Kuhn, Louise
name: Yotebieng, Marcel
name: Meyers, Tammy M.
name: Moultrie, Harry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Antiretroviral therapy access with successful outcomes for children is expanding in resource limited countries. The aim of this study was to determine treatment responses of children in a routine setting where first line therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir is routinely included for young children.
The unusual photometric activity of the weak line T Tauri star V715 Per
Creators: name: Grinin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The multi-year photometric observations of the weak line T Tauri star V715 Per in optical (V RI) and near infrared (JHK) bands have revealed an unusual combination of two different types of the photometric activity: low amplitude periodic brightness changes with P = 5.23 days and algol-like minima which are typical for the UX Ori stars. The minima have been observed during about 6 years and then have suddenly stopped. The periodic variability of this objects was observed earlier by Cohen et al. (2004) and interpreted as a rotational brightness modulation of a spotted star. We argue that the physics of this phenomenon is similar to that suggested by Bouvier et al. (1999) for the classical T Tauri star AA Tau: periodic occultation of the star by the warped inner disk. The observations have shown that the amplitude of the periodic brightness variations decreased at the time when the star demonstrated the UX Ori type activity. We argue that both these phenomena were caused by the temporary increase of the mass accretion rate onto the star, that led to reduction of the warped inner disk radius.
Gambling with superconducting fluctuations
Creators: name: Foltyn, Marek
name: Zgirski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting nanowires and Josephson junctions, when biased close to superconducting critical current, can switch to a non-zero voltage state by thermal or quantum fluctuations. The process is understood as an escape of a Brownian particle from a metastable state. Since this effect is fully stochastic, we propose to use it for generating random numbers. We present protocol for obtaining random numbers and test the experimentally harvested data for their fidelity.
High spatial resolution of an embedded disk TMC1A
Creators: name: Harsono, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Planets form through local collapse within a massive, gaseous, circumstellar disk and/or grain growth. As the disks are the sites of planet formation, the physical and chemical structures of disks during their formation have a direct impact on the formation of planetary bodies. With ALMA in its long baselines configuration (16 km baselines yielding a resolution of 3-6 AU), we are currently targeting young protostellar regions to zoom in on outflow launching, early disk evolution, and star- and planet-formation. We will here present an overview of the program and spatially resolved observations of the gas and dust toward TMC1A.
Surface Area Products for Kerr-Taub-NUT Space-time
Creators: name: Pradhan, Parthapratim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine properties of the inner and outer horizon thermodynamics of Taub-NUT (Newman-Unti-Tamburino) and Kerr-Taub-NUT (KTN) black hole (BH) in four dimensional \emph{Lorentzian geometry}. We compare and contrasted these properties with the properties of Reissner Nordstrøm (RN) BH and Kerr BH. We focus on "area product", "entropy product", "irreducible mass product" of the event horizon and Cauchy horizons. Due to mass-dependence, we speculate that these products have no beautiful quantization feature. Nor does it has any universal property. We further observe that the \emph{First law} of BH thermodynamics and \emph {Smarr-Gibbs-Duhem} relations do not hold for Taub-NUT (TN) and KTN BH in Lorentzian regime. The failure of these aforementioned features are due to presence of the non-trivial NUT charge which makes the space-time to be asymptotically non-flat, in contrast with RN BH and Kerr BH. The another reason of the failure is that Lorentzian TN and Lorentzian KTN geometry contains \emph{Dirac-Misner type singularity}, which is a manifestation of a non-trivial topological twist of the manifold. The black hole \emph{mass formula} and \emph{Christodoulou-Ruffini mass formula} for TN and KTN BHs are also computed. This thermodynamic product formulae gives us further understanding to the nature of BH entropy (inner and outer) at the microscopic level.
description: Version accepted for publication in EPL
Agricultural digitalization and automation in low- and middle-income countries: Evidence from ten case studies
Creators: name: McCampbell, Mariette
name: McCampbell, Mariette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: smallholders
subject: skill training
subject: digital agriculture
subject: automation
subject: agricultural transformation
subject: cost benefit analysis
subject: case studies
subject: Africa South of Sahara
subject: Latin America and the Caribbean
subject: Asia

description: Digital and automation solutions can solve labour bottlenecks, increase agricultural productivity, resilience and efficiency, and improve environmental sustainability. However, access is limited in low- and lower-middle-income countries, especially for small-scale producers. Based on ten case studies in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia, this study investigates the suitability of digital and automation solutions for small-scale producers, the main drivers and barriers to their adoption and the role of policies and regulations in creating an enabling environment. Findings show that technologies in the study countries are largely limited to smartphones and tablets, and related software tools (e.g. mobile applications). Most digital and automation solutions focus on crops, some on livestock and aquaculture, and a few on agroforestry. The most important adoption barriers include the high investment cost, lack of digital skills and knowledge and a lack of an enabling environment. Yet, advances in mechanization supported by digital technologies, and the development of hiring platforms foster adoption. The emergence of guidelines, strategic plans and policies that regulate and streamline automation should be encouraged, as should providing producers with information about the benefits and costs of digital and automation solutions. This study was developed as a background document for the FAO report "The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 – Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems" (https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9479en).
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2914en