cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introducing the Single-Atom Real-Space Global Minimization Method for Solving Small Structures in Single Crystal X-ray Crystallography
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method for solving small X-ray structures with up to couple of hundreds of atoms in the unit cell has been developed. The method works by locating atoms one-by-one via global minimization of a newly defined single-atom R1 factor in real-space. In total forty test cases (of twenty samples), every resulting model has at least 52% atoms located correctly, and in more than half of the cases this percentage is 90% and higher. For most heavier-atoms-containing (heavier than Si) small structures it is sufficient to use a single-solution strategy (using the as-collected reflection intensities). But for most lighter-atoms-only (C, N, O and F) small structures it is necessary to try multi-solution strategy: try different B values for modifying the reflection intensities by multiplying them with exp(B s2) before feeding to the method, where s = sinθ/λ, and pick the best solution. This method has been demonstrated to be very effective for locating heavier atoms, so, it has potential applications in macromolecular crystallography by assisting determination of heavy-atom substructures.
description: 12 pages of main article, with supporting information attached at end, include list of Python source codes
Development of Planar P-type Point Contact Germanium Detectors for Low-Mass Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: Wei, W. -Z.
name: Mei, H.
name: Kooi, K.
name: Mei, D. -M.
name: Liu, J.
name: Li, J. -C.
name: Panth, R.
name: Wang, G. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of low-energy deposition in the range of sub-eV through ionization using germanium (Ge) with a bandgap of $\sim$0.7 eV requires internal amplification of charge signal. This can be achieved through high electric field which accelerates charge carriers to generate more charge carriers. The minimum electric field required to generate internal charge amplification is derived for different temperatures. A point contact Ge detector provides extremely high electric field in proximity to the point contact. We show the development of a planar point contact detector and its performance. The field distribution is calculated for this planar point contact detector. We demonstrate the required electric field can be achieved with a point contact detector.
description: 10 pages, 19 figures
Adult-onset inflammatory bowel disease and rate of serious infections compared to the general population: a nationwide register-based cohort study 2002–2017
Creators: name: Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
name: Holmgren, Johanna
name: Grip, Olof
name: Halfvarson, Jonas
name: Askling, Johan
name: Sachs, Michael C.
name: Olén, Ola
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: To investigate absolute and relative risk of serious infections in adult/elderly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosed 2002–2017. Nationwide, register-based cohort study of Swedish patients with IBD compared with general population matched reference individuals with regard to time to first serious infection, equal to hospital admission. Multivariable Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for any serious infection. Secondary outcomes included site-specific infections, opportunistic infections and sepsis. We identified 47 798 individuals with IBD. During a follow-up of 329 000 person-years, they had 8752 first serious infections (26.6 per 1000 person-years). This compared with an incidence rate of 10.7 per 1000 person-years in matched reference individuals, corresponding to a 2.53-fold increased hazard of serious infections (95%CI = 2.47–2.59). The HR for serious infection in elderly-onset IBD was 2.01 (95%CI = 1.95–2.08). The relative hazard of serious infection was somewhat higher in Crohn’s disease (2.94; 95%CI = 2.81–3.06) than in ulcerative colitis (2.24; 95%CI = 2.17–2.31). The HR for serious infections was high in the first year of follow-up (5.17; 95%CI = 4.93–5.42). Individuals with IBD were at a particularly high relative hazard of gastrointestinal and opportunistic infections. The HR for sepsis was 2.47 (95%CI = 2.32–2.63). The relative rates for serious infections in IBD increased in recent years. Patients with adult-onset IBD are at increased risk of serious infections, particularly gastrointestinal and opportunistic infections. Relative rates were highest just after IBD diagnosis, and seem to have increased in recent years.
Direct CP asymmetry in $D\to π^-π^+$ and $D\to K^-K^+$ in QCD-based approach
Creators: name: Khodjamirian, Alexander
name: Petrov, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first QCD-based calculation of hadronic matrix elements with penguin topology determining direct CP-violating asymmetries in $D^0\to π^-π^+$ and $D^0\to K^- K^+$ nonleptonic decays. The method is based on the QCD light-cone sum rules and does not rely on any model-inspired amplitude decomposition, instead leaning heavily on quark-hadron duality. We provide a Standard Model estimate of the direct CP-violating asymmetries in both pion and kaon modes and their difference and comment on further improvements of the presented computation.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure; replaced to match published version (minor changes to text and a figure, added new references)
Additional file 4: of Overcoming barriers to access and utilization of maternal, newborn and child health services in northern Nigeria: an evaluation of facility health committees
Creators: name: Olugbenga Oguntunde
name: Surajo, Isa
name: Dauda Dauda
name: Abdulsamad Salihu
name: Anas-Kolo, Salma
name: Sinai, Irit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: FHC members survey questionnaire. (DOCX 107 kb)
Kramers' degeneracy for open systems in thermal equilibrium
Creators: name: Lieu, Simon
name: McGinley, Max
name: Shtanko, Oles
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kramers' degeneracy theorem underpins many interesting effects in quantum systems with time-reversal symmetry. We show that the generator of dynamics for Markovian open fermionic systems can exhibit an analogous degeneracy, protected by a combination of time-reversal symmetry and the microreversibility (detailed balance) property of systems at thermal equilibrium -- the degeneracy is lifted if either condition is not met. We provide simple examples of this phenomenon and show that the degeneracy is reflected in the single-particle Green's functions. Furthermore, we show that certain experimental signatures of topological edge modes in open many-body systems can be protected by microreversibility in the same way. Our results highlight the importance of detailed balance in characterizing open topological matter.
Entropy transfer from a quantum particle to a classical coherent light field
Creators: name: Bartolotta, John P.
name: Jäger, Simon B.
name: Reilly, Jarrod T.
name: Norcia, Matthew A.
name: Thompson, James K.
name: Smith, Graeme
name: Holland, Murray J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the field of light-matter interactions, it is often assumed that a classical light field that interacts with a quantum particle remains almost unchanged and thus contains nearly no information about the manipulated particles. To investigate the validity of this assumption, we develop and theoretically analyze a simple Gedankenexperiment which involves the interaction of a coherent state with a quantum particle in an optical cavity. We quantify the resulting alteration of the light field by measuring the fidelity of its initial and equilibrium states. Using Bayesian inference, we demonstrate the information transfer through photon measurements. In addition, we employ the concepts of quantum entropy and mutual information to quantify the entropy transfer from the particle to the light field. In the weak coupling limit, we validate the usually assumed negligible alteration of the light field and entropy transfer. In the strong coupling limit, however, we observe that the information of the initial particle state can be fully encoded in the light field, even for large photon numbers. Nevertheless, we show that spontaneous emission is a sufficient mechanism for removing the entropy initially stored in the particle. Our analysis provides a deeper understanding of the entropy exchange between quantum matter and classical light.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Observation-dependent suppression and enhancement of two-photon coincidences by tailored losses
Creators: name: Ehrhardt, Max
name: Heinrich, Matthias
name: Szameit, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uncanny ability of multiple particles to interfere with one another is one of the core principles of quantum mechanics, and serves as foundation for quantum information processing. In particular, the interplay of constructive and destructive interference with the characteristic exchange statistics of indistinguishable particles give rise to the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, where the bunching of bosons can lead to a perfect suppression of two-particle coincidences between the output ports of a balanced beam splitter. Conversely, in the case of two fermions, anti-bunching can systematically enhance these coincidences up to twice the baseline value of distinguishable particles. As such, the respective emergence of dips or peaks in the HOM experiment may at first glance appear to be indicative of the bosonic/fermionic nature of the incident particles. In this work, we demonstrate experimentally that the two-particle coincidence statistics of two bosons can instead be seamlessly tuned from the expected case of suppression to substantial enhancement by an appropriate choice of the observation basis. To this end, our photonic setting leverages birefringent polarization couplers to selectively introduce dissipation in the photons polarization degree of freedom. Notably, the mechanism underpinning this this highly unusual behaviour does not act on the individual phases accumulated by pairs of particles along specific paths, but instead allows them to jointly evade losses, while indistinguishable photons are prevented from being simultaneously detected in orthogonal modes. Our findings reveal a new approach to harnessing non-Hermitian settings for the manipulation of multi-particle quantum states and as functional elements in quantum simulation and information processing.
Causally-informed deep learning to improve climate models and projections
Creators: name: Iglesias-Suarez, Fernando
name: Gentine, Pierre
name: Solino-Fernandez, Breixo
name: Beucler, Tom
name: Pritchard, Michael
name: Runge, Jakob
name: Eyring, Veronika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Climate models are essential to understand and project climate change, yet long-standing biases and uncertainties in their projections remain. This is largely associated with the representation of subgrid-scale processes, particularly clouds and convection. Deep learning can learn these subgrid-scale processes from computationally expensive storm-resolving models while retaining many features at a fraction of computational cost. Yet, climate simulations with embedded neural network parameterizations are still challenging and highly depend on the deep learning solution. This is likely associated with spurious non-physical correlations learned by the neural networks due to the complexity of the physical dynamical system. Here, we show that the combination of causality with deep learning helps removing spurious correlations and optimizing the neural network algorithm. To resolve this, we apply a causal discovery method to unveil causal drivers in the set of input predictors of atmospheric subgrid-scale processes of a superparameterized climate model in which deep convection is explicitly resolved. The resulting causally-informed neural networks are coupled to the climate model, hence, replacing the superparameterization and radiation scheme. We show that the climate simulations with causally-informed neural network parameterizations retain many convection-related properties and accurately generate the climate of the original high-resolution climate model, while retaining similar generalization capabilities to unseen climates compared to the non-causal approach. The combination of causal discovery and deep learning is a new and promising approach that leads to stable and more trustworthy climate simulations and paves the way towards more physically-based causal deep learning approaches also in other scientific disciplines.
Improved Pseudolikelihood Regularization and Decimation methods on Non-linearly Interacting Systems with Continuous Variables
Creators: name: Marruzzo, Alessia
name: Tyagi, Payal
name: Antenucci, Fabrizio
name: Pagnani, Andrea
name: Leuzzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and test improvements to state-of-the-art techniques of Bayeasian statistical inference based on pseudolikelihood maximization with $\ell_1$ regularization and with decimation. In particular, we present a method to determine the best value of the regularizer parameter starting from a hypothesis testing technique. Concerning the decimation, we also analyze the worst case scenario in which there is no sharp peak in the tilded-pseudolikelihood function, firstly defined as a criterion to stop the decimation. Techniques are applied to noisy systems with non-linear dynamics, mapped onto multi-variable interacting Hamiltonian effective models for waves and phasors. Results are analyzed varying the number of available samples and the externally tunable temperature-like parameter mimicing real data noise. Eventually the behavior of inference procedures described are tested against a wrong hypothesis: non-linearly generated data are analyzed with a pairwise interacting hypothesis. Our analysis shows that, looking at the behavior of the inverse graphical problem as data size increases, the methods exposed allow to rule out a wrong hypothesis.
description: 37 pages, 24 figures
title: The Impact of Labor Unions in Nursing Homes: A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Ratliff, Hannah C.
name: Czerwinski, Megan
name: Johnson, Florence
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: collective bargaining
subject: labor relations
subject: healthcare workforce
subject: skilled nursing
subject: workplace dynamics
subject: Psychiatry
subject: Health Sciences

description: A scoping review protocol.
description: Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to map evidence on the impact of unions in nursing homes on employee, resident, and facility outcomes. Introduction: Fifty-two percent of nursing home staff turnover annually; however, turnover rates decrease by 9% in counties with predominately unionized nursing homes. Labor unions may provide structural, organizational, and policy-related solutions to foster a sustainable healthcare workforce. Healthcare labor unions are associated with improved financial and employment outcomes for workers, and improved health-related outcomes for both workers and patients. Previous reviews have examined labor unions across healthcare settings representing specific job types (i.e., nurses and direct-care workers), the current state of evidence regarding the impact of labor unions representing any job type in nursing homes remains unclear. Inclusion criteria: This review will include studies on labor unions in United States nursing homes that represent any job type. We will focus on studies that report outcomes for employees, residents, and/or facilities. Methods: Relevant sources will be identified using PubMed.gov, Embase.com and CINAHL complete (EBSCO), Business Source Complete (EBSCO), Health Policy Reference Center (EBSCO), ABI/INFORM Collection (ProQuest), Scopus.com, and Web of Science. The search will be limited to peer-reviewed empirical studies published in English and focused on labor unions in nursing home settings; grey literature will not be included. Covidence will be used to screen studies for inclusion criteria. Study characteristics will be extracted from each article based on prespecified domains. Two authors will independently screen and review selected articles, with any disagreements resolved by an additional reviewer. The review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist for reporting scoping reviews.
Additional file 9: Figure S4. of Genomic analyses of the Chlamydia trachomatis core genome show an association between chromosomal genome, plasmid type and disease
Creators: name: Versteeg, Bart
name: Bruisten, Sylvia
name: Pannekoek, Yvonne
name: Jolley, Keith
name: Maiden, Martin
name: Ende, Arie Van Der
name: Harrison, Odile
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: ClonalFrameML Recombination-corrected. Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree derived from concatenated, aligned nucleotide sequence. Dark blue horizontal bars indicate recombination events, light blue indicates lack of substitution, and colours ranging from white to red indicate substitutions with increasing levels of homoplasy. (DOCX 857Â kb)
Position-space representation of charged particles' propagators in a constant magnetic field as an expansion over Landau levels
Creators: name: Iablokov, S. N.
name: Kuznetsov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained propagators in the position space as an expansion over Landau levels for the charged scalar particle, fermion, and massive vector boson in a constant external magnetic field. The summation terms in the resulting expressions consisted of two factors, one being rotationally invariant in the 2-dimensional Euclidean space perpendicular to the direction of the field, and the other being Lorentz-invariant in the 1+1-dimensional space-time. The obtained representations are unique in the sense that they allow for the simultaneous study of the propagator from both space-time and energetic perspectives which are implicitly connected. These results contribute to the development of position-space techniques in QFT and are expected to be of use in the calculations of loop diagrams.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VIII, Cart. 192 (11 H 77), 295 folios, f. 0132r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VIII, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 192 (11 H 77), 295 folios, f. 0132r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VIII, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 192 (11 H 77), 295 folios, f. 0132r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Environmental policy and planning communication in rural Aotearoa New Zealand focusing on Te Tai Tokerau Northland: A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Planning at Lincoln University
Creators: name: Tobin, Kaya
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 330404
subject: Land use and environmental planning
classificationCode: 330408
subject: Strategic, metropolitan and regional planning

description: The communication of policy and planning documents to rural communities is explored through a case study of Te Tai Tokerau Northland. Based on document analysis, surveys and interviews, this research explores how rural communities receive and interpret these documents and if there is a lack of effective communication with rural communities. The research also touches on trust as well as how this is influenced by communication around and of policy and planning.
Non-Markovian quantum interconnect formed by a surface plasmon polariton waveguide
Creators: name: Yang, Chun-Jie
name: Liu, Xin-Yue
name: Xia, Shi-Qiang
name: Bai, Si-Yuan
name: An, Jun-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Allowing the generation of effective interactions between distant quantum emitters (QEs) via flying photons, quantum interconnect (QI) is essentially a light-matter interface and acts as a building block in quantum technologies. A surface plasmon polariton (SPP) supported by a metallic waveguide provides an ideal interface to explore strong light-matter couplings and to realize QI. However, the loss of SPP in metal makes the mediated entanglement of the QEs damp with the increase of the distance and time, which hinders its applications. We propose a scheme of non-Markovian QI formed by the SPP of a metallic nanowire. A mechanism to make the generated entanglement of the QEs persistent is discovered. We find that, as long as bound states are formed in the energy spectrum of total QE-SPP system, the damping of the SPP-mediated entanglement is overcome even in the presence of the metal absorption to the SPP. Our finding enriches our understanding of light-matter couplings in absorptive medium and paves the way for using the SPP in designing QI.
Measurement of prompt D$^0$ meson azimuthal anisotropy in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = $5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prompt D$^0$ meson azimuthal anisotropy coefficients, $v_2$ and $v_3$, are measured at midrapidity ($|y| < 1.0$) in PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = $5.02 TeV per nucleon pair with data collected by the CMS experiment. The measurement is performed in the transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) range of 1 to 40 GeV/c, for central and midcentral collisions. The $v_2$ coefficient is found to be positive throughout the $p_\mathrm{T}$ range studied. The first measurement of the prompt D$^0$ meson $v_3$ coefficient is performed, and values up to 0.07 are observed for $p_\mathrm{T}$ around 4 GeV/c. Compared to measurements of charged particles, a similar $p_\mathrm{T}$ dependence, but smaller magnitude for $p_\mathrm{T} < $6 GeV/c, is found for prompt D$^0$ meson $v_2$ and $v_3$ coefficients. The results are consistent with the presence of collective motion of charm quarks at low $p_\mathrm{T}$ and a path length dependence of charm quark energy loss at high $p_\mathrm{T}$, thereby providing new constraints on the theoretical description of the interactions between charm quarks and the quark-gluon plasma.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-16-007/ (CMS Public Pages)
Non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein Condensation
Creators: name: Shukla, Vishwanath
name: Nazarenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate formation of Bose-Einstein condensates under non-equilibrium conditions using numerical simulations of the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. For this, we set initial random weakly nonlinear excitations and the forcing at high wave numbers, and study propagation of the turbulent spectrum toward the low wave numbers. Our primary goal is to compare the results for the evolving spectrum with the previous results obtained for the kinetic equation of weak wave turbulence. We demonstrate existence of a regime for which good agreement with the wave turbulence results is found in terms of the main features of the previously discussed self-similar solution. In particular, we find a reasonable agreement with the low-frequency and the high-frequency power-law asymptotics of the evolving solution, including the anomalous power-law exponent $x^* \approx 1.24$ for the three-dimensional waveaction spectrum. We also study the regimes of very weak turbulence, when the evolution is affected by the discreteness of the Fourier space, and the strong turbulence regime when emerging condensate modifies the wave dynamics and leads to formation of strongly nonlinear filamentary vortices.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1: of Nursing home care educational intervention for family caregivers of older adults post stroke (SHARE): study protocol for a randomised trial
Creators: name: Day, Carolina
name: Bierhals, Carla
name: Naiana Santos
name: Mocellin, Duane
name: Predebon, Mariane
name: Pizzol, Fernanda Dal
name: Lisiane Paskulin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials Â (SPIRIT) Checklist. (PDF 2861 kb)
OSDaR23: Open Sensor Data for Rail 2023
Creators: name: Tagiew, Rustam
name: Köppel, Martin
name: Schwalbe, Karsten
name: Denzler, Patrick
name: Neumaier, Philipp
name: Klockau, Tobias
name: Boekhoff, Martin
name: Klasek, Pavel
name: Tilly, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.9
subject: 68T40

description: To achieve a driverless train operation on mainline railways, actual and potential obstacles for the train's driveway must be detected automatically by appropriate sensor systems. Machine learning algorithms have proven to be powerful tools for this task during the last years. However, these algorithms require large amounts of high-quality annotated data containing railway-specific objects as training data. Unfortunately, all of the publicly available datasets that tackle this requirement are restricted in some way. Therefore, this paper presents OSDaR23, a multi-sensor dataset of 45 subsequences acquired in Hamburg, Germany, in September 2021, that was created to foster driverless train operation on mainline railways. The sensor setup consists of multiple calibrated and synchronized infrared (IR) and visual (RGB) cameras, lidars, a radar, and position and acceleration sensors mounted on the front of a rail vehicle. In addition to the raw data, the dataset contains 204091 polyline, polygonal, rectangle, and cuboid annotations in total for 20 different object classes. It is the first publicly available multi-sensor dataset annotated with a variety of object classes that are relevant for the railway context. OSDaR23, available at data.fid-move.de/dataset/osdar23, can also be used for tasks beyond collision prediction, which are listed in this paper.
description: 7 pages, 11 images, 5 tables
Mediated interactions between Fermi polarons and the role of impurity quantum statistics
Creators: name: Baroni, Cosetta
name: Huang, Bo
name: Fritsche, Isabella
name: Dobler, Erich
name: Anich, Gregor
name: Kirilov, Emil
name: Grimm, Rudolf
name: Bastarrachea-Magnani, Miguel A.
name: Massignan, Pietro
name: Bruun, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of quasi-particles is essential for understanding the behaviour of complex many-body systems. A prototypical example of a quasi-particle, a polaron, is an impurity strongly interacting with a surrounding medium. Fermi polarons, created in a Fermi sea, provide a paradigmatic realization of this concept. As an inherent and important property such quasi-particles interact with each other via modulation of the medium. While quantum simulation experiments with ultracold atoms have significantly improved our understanding of individual polarons, the detection of their interactions has remained elusive in these systems. Here, we report the unambiguous observation of mediated interactions between Fermi polarons consisting of K impurities embedded in a Fermi sea of Li atoms. Our results confirm two landmark predictions of Landau's Fermi-liquid theory: the shift of the polaron energy due to mediated interactions, linear in the concentration of impurities, and its sign inversion with impurity quantum statistics. For weak to moderate interactions between the impurities and the medium, we find excellent agreement with the static (zero-momentum and energy) predictions of Fermi-liquid theory. For stronger impurity-medium interactions, we show that the observed behaviour at negative energies can be explained by a more refined many-body treatment including retardation and molecule formation
Additional file 3: of Overcoming barriers to access and utilization of maternal, newborn and child health services in northern Nigeria: an evaluation of facility health committees
Creators: name: Olugbenga Oguntunde
name: Surajo, Isa
name: Dauda Dauda
name: Abdulsamad Salihu
name: Anas-Kolo, Salma
name: Sinai, Irit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: In-depth Interview Guide with health providers. (DOCX 29 kb)
Halo-Independent Analysis of Direct Dark Matter Detection Through Electron Scattering
Creators: name: Chen, Muping
name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
name: Takhistov, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-GeV mass dark matter particles whose collisions with nuclei would not deposit sufficient energy to be detected, could instead be revealed through their interaction with electrons. Analyses of data from direct detection experiments usually require assuming a local dark matter halo velocity distribution. In the halo-independent analysis method, properties of this distribution are instead inferred from direct dark matter detection data, which allows then to compare different data without making any assumption on the uncertain local dark halo. This method has so far been developed for and applied to dark matter scattering off nuclei. Here we demonstrate how this analysis can be applied to scattering off electrons.
description: 45 pages, 10 figures; matches published version
The topological phase of bright solitons
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Han
name: Zhao, Li-Chen
name: Liu, Chong
name: Yang, Zhan-Ying
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the topological phase of bright soliton with arbitrary velocity under the self-steepening effect. Such topological phase can be described by the topological vector potential and effective magnetic field. We find that the point-like magnetic fields corresponds to the density peak of such bright solitons, where each elementary magnetic flux is π. Remarkably, we show that two bright solitons can generate an additional topological field due to the phase jump between them. Our research provided the possibility to use bright solitons to explore topological properties.
Puzzles and pitfalls involving Haar-typicality in holography
Creators: name: Bao, Ning
name: Chatwin-Davies, Aidan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic states that have a well-defined geometric dual in AdS/CFT are not faithfully represented by Haar-typical states in finite-dimensional models. As such, trying to apply principles and lessons from Haar-random ensembles of states to holographic states can lead to apparent puzzles and contradictions. We point out a handful of these pitfalls.
description: 8 pages, v2 fixed formatting in title/abstract, v3 updated page style, v4 reply to SciPost referee report 1 2018-2-8; v5 reply to SciPost referee reports 2 and 3, editor-requested revisions
Additional file 1: of Modelling the cost differential between healthy and current diets: the New Zealand case study
Creators: name: Vandevijvere, Stefanie
name: Young, Nick
name: Mackay, Sally
name: Swinburn, Boyd
name: Gahegan, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Proportion of current diets for adult males (N = 360) meeting the guidelines for a healthy diet. Fig. S1. Contributions of different food groups to the average cost of the current, less healthy diet in New Zealand by season (across 10 years). (DOCX 99 kb)
Efficient and Controllable Model Compression through Sequential Knowledge Distillation and Pruning
Creators: name: Malihi, Leila
name: Heidemann, Gunther
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: knowledge distillation
subject: teacher
subject: student
subject: model compression
subject: parameter
subject: pruning
subject: 150 - Psychologie
subject: 004 - Informatik

description: Efficient model deployment is a key focus in deep learning. This has led to the exploration of methods such as knowledge distillation and network pruning to compress models and increase their performance. In this study, we investigate the potential synergy between knowledge distillation and network pruning to achieve optimal model efficiency and improved generalization. We introduce an innovative framework for model compression that combines knowledge distillation, pruning, and fine-tuning to achieve enhanced compression while providing control over the degree of compactness. Our research is conducted on popular datasets, CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100, employing diverse model architectures, including ResNet, DenseNet, and EfficientNet. We could calibrate the amount of compression achieved. This allows us to produce models with different degrees of compression while still being just as accurate, or even better. Notably, we demonstrate its efficacy by producing two compressed variants of ResNet 101: ResNet 50 and ResNet 18. Our results reveal intriguing findings. In most cases, the pruned and distilled student models exhibit comparable or superior accuracy to the distilled student models while utilizing significantly fewer parameters.
SDP-based bounds for graph partition via extended ADMM
Creators: name: Wiegele, Angelika
name: Zhao, Shudian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study two NP-complete graph partition problems, $k$-equipartition problems and graph partition problems with knapsack constraints (GPKC). We introduce tight SDP relaxations with nonnegativity constraints to get lower bounds, the SDP relaxations are solved by an extended alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). In this way, we obtain high quality lower bounds for $k$-equipartition on large instances up to $n =1000$ vertices within as few as five minutes and for GPKC problems up to $n=500$ vertices within as little as one hour. On the other hand, interior point methods fail to solve instances from $n=300$ due to memory requirements. We also design heuristics to generate upper bounds from the SDP solutions, giving us tighter upper bounds than other methods proposed in the literature with low computational expense.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures, 14 tables. Comput Optim Appl (2022)
Flocking estimates for the Cucker-Smale model with time lag and hierarchical leadership
Creators: name: Pignotti, Cristina
name: Vallejo, Irene Reche
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze the Cucker-Smale model under hierarchical leadership in presence of a time delay. By using a Lyapunov functional approach and some induction arguments we will prove convergence to consensus for every positive delay $τ$. These results seem to point out the advantage of a hierarchical structure in order to contrast time delay effects that frequently appear in real situations.
Petrogenesis and geological significance of charnockite in the Yinshan Block of North China Craton
Creators: name: Shi, Qiang
name: Xu, Zhong-Yuan
name: Dong, Xiao-Jie
name: Li, Peng-Chuan
name: Wang, Shi-Jie
name: Li, Chang-Hai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A comparative study was performed on the petrography, geochemistry and geochronology of charnockite and granulite in the Xiwulanbulang (XWLBL) area, northern margin of the North China Craton, NW China. Inclusions within garnet in the charnockite are used to identify the mineral assemblage in the granulite during peak metamorphism. The formation of charnockite is attributed to the anatectic of the protolith, as a result of granulite-facies metamorphism during the same tectono-thermal event. Anatexis occurred mainly during the post-peak isothermal depressurization stage (granulite and charnockite yield peak P–T conditions of 800–850°C and 1.0–1.2 GPa, and 750°C and 0.9–1.0 GPa, respectively), as inferred from the metamorphic evolution and P–T conditions derived from analyses of metamorphic minerals by electron microprobe (EMP). The garnets in the charnockite were a residual or peritectic mineral facies during anatexis, and the charnockite was the product of crystallization from melt with abundant residual minerals. Charnockite has similar geochemical characteristics to felsic granulite, although it differs in having 1) an uneven distribution of major and trace elements; 2) strong depletions in the large-ion lithophile element Cs, the heat-producing elements U and Th, and the high-field-strength elements Nb, Ta, P and Ti; and 3) both Eu-enriched and Eu-depleted patterns that are characteristic of granite formed by largely in situ anatectic. The geochemical data indicate that the XWLBL charnockite formed in a subduction-related volcanic arc setting. On the basis of our results, combined with geological data on the Neoarchean structural evolution of the Yinshan Block and εHf(t) values of 1.60–7.81, we propose that the anatectic of charnockite was related to slab break-off during mid-ocean-ridge subduction, which resulted in the ascent of mantle magma through the slab window.
Birefringence and hidden photons
Creators: name: Arza, Ariel
name: Gamboa, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model where photons interact with hidden photons and millicharged particles through a kinetic mixing term. Particularly, we focus in vacuum birefringence effects and we find a bound for the millicharged parameter assuming that hidden photons are a piece of the local dark matter density
description: title changed and a plot added
Constraints on the distance moduli, helium and metal abundances, and ages of globular clusters from their RR Lyrae and non-variable horizontal-branch stars. II. Multiple stellar populations in 47Tuc, M3, and M13
Creators: name: Denissenkov, Pavel
name: VandenBerg, Don A.
name: Kopacki, Grzegorz
name: Ferguson, Jason W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new set of horizontal-branch (HB) models computed with the MESA stellar evolution code. The models adopt $α$-enhanced \cite{ags09} metals mixtures and include the gravitational settling of He. They are used in our HB population synthesis tool to generate theoretical distributions of HB stars in order to describe the multiple stellar populations in the globular clusters 47Tuc, M3, and M13. The observed HB in 47Tuc is reproduced very well by our simulations for [Fe/H] $= -0.70$ and [$α$/Fe] $= +0.4$ if the initial helium mass fraction varies by $ΔY_0 \sim 0.03$ and approximately 21%, 37%, and 42% of the stars have $Y_0 = 0.257$, 0.270, and 0.287, respectively. These simulations yield $(m-M)_V = 13.27$, implying an age near 13.0 Gyr. In the case of M3 and M13, our synthetic HBs for [Fe/H] $= -1.55$ and [$α$/Fe] $= 0.4$ match the observed ones quite well if M3 has $ΔY_0 \sim 0.01$ and $(m-M)_V = 15.02$, resulting in an age of 12.6 Gyr, whereas M13 has $ΔY_0 \sim 0.08$ and $(m-M)_V = 14.42$, implying an age of 12.9 Gyr. Mass loss during giant-branch evolution and $ΔY_0$ appear to be the primary second parameters for M3 and M13. New observations for 7 of the 9 known RR Lyrae in M13 are also reported. Surprisingly, periods predicted for the $c$-type variables tend to be too high (by up to $\sim 0.1$~d).
description: 27 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Phase-locking in $k$-partite networks of delay-coupled oscillators
Creators: name: Singha, Joydeep
name: Ramaswamy, Ramakrishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of an ensemble of phase oscillators that are divided in $k$ sets, with time-delayed coupling interactions {\em only} between oscillators in different sets or partitions. The network of interactions thus form a $k-$partite graph. We observe a variety of phase-locked states that include, in addition to the in-phase fully synchronized solution, a variety of splay cluster solutions; all oscillators within a partition are synchronised and the phase differences between oscillators in different partitions are multiples of $2π/k$. Such solutions exist independent of the delay and we determine the generalised stability criteria for the existence of these phase-locked solutions for the $k-$partite system. With increase in time-delay, there is an increase in multistability: the above generic solutions coexist with a number of other partially synchronized solutions. We apply the Ott-Antonsen ansatz for the special case of a symmetric $k-$partite graph to obtain a single time-delayed differential equation for the attracting synchronization manifold. The agreement with numerical results for the specific case of oscillators on a tripartite lattice (the $k=3$ case) is excellent.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Hierarchical Consistency Regularized Mean Teacher for Semi-supervised 3D Left Atrium Segmentation
Creators: name: Li, Shumeng
name: Zhao, Ziyuan
name: Xu, Kaixin
name: Zeng, Zeng
name: Guan, Cuntai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep learning has achieved promising segmentation performance on 3D left atrium MR images. However, annotations for segmentation tasks are expensive, costly and difficult to obtain. In this paper, we introduce a novel hierarchical consistency regularized mean teacher framework for 3D left atrium segmentation. In each iteration, the student model is optimized by multi-scale deep supervision and hierarchical consistency regularization, concurrently. Extensive experiments have shown that our method achieves competitive performance as compared with full annotation, outperforming other state-of-the-art semi-supervised segmentation methods.
description: Accepted in 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE EMBC 2021
THE USE OF THE WORKS OF EASTERN SCHOLARS IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' MORAL CULTURE IN THE MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEM
Creators: name: Teacher of the Termez State Pedagogical Institute Ergasheva Dilnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this article, these works serve to form the moral culture of students in the modern education system, because they teach young people not only to acquire knowledge, but also to understand and apply moral and ethnic norms that benefit their society. Also, the values of knowledge and education shown in the works of Eastern scholars are still useful for students today in self-development, social responsibility and raising humanity.

Keywords: Eastern scholars, moral culture, science, moral values, modern education system, student, human virtue