cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Velocity Dispersion Function for Massive Quiescent and Star-Forming Galaxies at 0.6 $<$ z $\leq$ 1.0
Creators: name: Taylor, Lance
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Pearl, Alan
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Maseda, Michael V.
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Sobral, David
name: Straatman, Caroline
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Wu, Po-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first direct spectroscopic measurement of the stellar velocity dispersion function (VDF) for massive quiescent and star-forming galaxies at $0.6 < z \leq 1.0$. For this analysis we use individual measurements of stellar velocity dispersion from high-S/N spectra from the public Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey. We report a remarkable stability of the VDF for both quiescent and star-forming galaxies within this redshift range, though we note the presence of weak evolution in the number densities of star-forming galaxies. We compare both VDFs with previous direct and inferred measurements at local and intermediate redshifts, with the caveat that previous measurements of the VDF for star-forming galaxies are poorly constrained at all epochs. We emphasize that this work is the first to directly push to low-stellar velocity dispersion ($σ_\star > 100$ km s$^{-1}$) and extend to star-forming galaxies. We are largely consistent with the high-sigma tail measured from BOSS, and we find that the VDF remains constant from the median redshift of LEGA-C, $z\sim0.8$, to the present day.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
AÇÕES ESTRATÉGICAS UTILIZADAS PARA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO ACESSO AVANÇADO NO BRASIL
Creators: name: Oliveira, Larayne Gallo Farias
name: Lislaine Aparecida Fracolli
name: Thaynara Silva Dos Anjos
name: Katyucia Oliveira Crispim De Souza
name: Jerusa Costa Dos Santos
name: Granja, Gabriela Ferreira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Anais do III Congresso Norte-Nordeste de Saúde Pública (Online) RESUMOS SIMPLES RESUMO
 Introdução: O Acesso Avançado é um método de organização de agenda em unidades de
 saúde da Atenção Primária à Saúde descrito por Murray e Tantau (2000) com o lema: “Faça
 o trabalho de hoje, hoje!”. Ele faz a gestão do tempo com manejo da demanda, controle da
 agenda e do tempo de espera. A implantação do Acesso Avançado no Brasil surge como
 uma ferramenta potencial para ampliar e qualificar o acesso na Atenção Primária à Saúde.
 Objetivos: Relatar as principais ações estratégicas utilizadas na implantação do Acesso
 Avançado no Brasil. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada a partir das
 bases Embase, Web of Science, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scopus, Literatura
 Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), e Scientific Electronic Library
 Online (SciELO), com o uso dos descritores DeCS/MeSH: Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde,
 Atenção Primária à Saúde e Estratégias de Saúde. Resultados: Foram pré-selecionados
 324 estudos, e a amostra elegível contou com 32 estudos, realizados no Brasil, entre
 os anos de 2013 a 2022. Discussão: As principais ações foram: oferta de serviços por
 acolhimento por equipe; sistema de cores que identifica o tipo de consulta: emergência,
 acompanhamento ou outras condições; atender a demanda do paciente da maneira que
 eles escolherem para acessar o serviço de saúde, seja por telefone ou pessoalmente;
 estimar na agenda horários para consultas o mesmo dia; e adequar a capacidade à
 demanda. Conclusão: As ações estratégicas utilizadas nestes estudos ampliam o cuidado
 e propõe que se responda às demandas dos usuários. No entanto, convém destacar que é
 necessário o fortalecimento das equipes de saúde com educação permanente, partilha de
 responsabilidades, disposição, ética e comprometimento profissional.
 PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Estratégias
 de Saúde.
 ÁREA TEMÁTICA: Política e Gestão em Saúde.
pMPL: A Robust Multi-Party Learning Framework with a Privileged Party
Creators: name: Song, Lushan
name: Wang, Jiaxuan
name: Wang, Zhexuan
name: Tu, Xinyu
name: Lin, Guopeng
name: Ruan, Wenqiang
name: Wu, Haoqi
name: Han, Weili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to perform machine learning among multiple parties while protecting the privacy of raw data, privacy-preserving machine learning based on secure multi-party computation (MPL for short) has been a hot spot in recent. The configuration of MPL usually follows the peer-to-peer architecture, where each party has the same chance to reveal the output result. However, typical business scenarios often follow a hierarchical architecture where a powerful, usually privileged party, leads the tasks of machine learning. Only the privileged party can reveal the final model even if other assistant parties collude with each other. It is even required to avoid the abort of machine learning to ensure the scheduled deadlines and/or save used computing resources when part of assistant parties drop out. Motivated by the above scenarios, we propose pMPL, a robust MPL framework with a privileged part}. pMPL supports three-party training in the semi-honest setting. By setting alternate shares for the privileged party, pMPL is robust to tolerate one of the rest two parties dropping out during the training. With the above settings, we design a series of efficient protocols based on vector space secret sharing for pMPL to bridge the gap between vector space secret sharing and machine learning. Finally, the experimental results show that the performance of pMPL is promising when we compare it with the state-of-the-art MPL frameworks. Especially, in the LAN setting, pMPL is around $16\times$ and $5\times$ faster than TF-encrypted (with ABY3 as the back-end framework) for the linear regression, and logistic regression, respectively. Besides, the accuracy of trained models of linear regression, logistic regression, and BP neural networks can reach around 97%, 99%, and 96% on MNIST dataset respectively.
description: This paper is the full version of a paper to appear in CCS 2022
A novel fast response and radiation-resistant scintillator detector for beam loss monitor
Creators: name: Ji, Yuanjing
name: Tang, Zebo
name: Li, Chen
name: Li, Xin
name: Shao, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At high luminosity areas, beam loss monitor with fast response and high radiation resistance is crucial for accelerator operation. In this article, we report the design and test results of a fast response and radiation-resistant scintillator detector as the beam loss monitor for high luminosity colliders, especially at low energy regions such as RFQ. The detector consists of a 2 cm*2 cm 0.5 cm LYSO crystal readout by a 6 mm*6 mm Silicon photomultiplier. Test results from various radioactive sources show that the detector has good sensitivity to photons from tens of keV to several MeV with good linearity and energy resolution (23% for 60 keV γ-ray). For the field test, two such detectors are installed outside of the vacuum chamber shell of an 800 MeV electron storage ring. The details of the test and results are introduced.
title: Double differential IVLEED spectra of HOPG
Creators: name: Ziegler, Philipp
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphene
subject: graphite
subject: unbesetzte zustände
subject: Graphene
subject: graphite
subject: unoccupied states

description: Over the past few decades the interest in quasi two dimensional Van der Waals materials such as highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) increased significantly, especially the electronic structure is of great interest for many applications. This work aims to investigate the unoccupied band structure above the vacuum level of HOPG by means of double differential inelastic very low energy electron diffraction (IVLEED) measurements in the energy range of 0 to 200eV primary energy in 30° and 60° specular reflection geometry. This allows to study the band structure with elastically and inelastically back scattered primary electrons as well as measuring the secondary electron emission. Using the matching formalism, a correlation between the elastic peak intensities and the band structure was established. The link with inelastic intensities provides a qualitative description of the penetration depth of the primary electrons in the crystal. The acquired IVLEED data revealed the existence of a novel and atypical feature, in which primary electrons occupy a preferred final state, resulting in the emission of electrons with fixed energy. Two kinetic models for inelastic diffraction of electrons on crystals have been implemented, in which the sequence of inelastic and elastic diffraction lead to Bragg peaks at different energies. The results are in good agreement with quantum field theory models and experimental data for high energies [1–5].
Collisional growth efficiency of dust aggregates and its independence of the strength of interparticle rolling friction
Creators: name: Arakawa, Sota
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Kokubo, Eiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pairwise collisional growth of dust aggregates consisting submicron-sized grains is the first step of the planet formation, and understanding the collisional behavior of dust aggregates is therefore essential. It is known that the main energy dissipation mechanisms are the tangential frictions between particles in contact, namely, rolling, sliding, and twisting. However, there is a large uncertainty for the strength of rolling friction, and the dependence of the collisional growth condition on the strength of rolling friction was poorly understood. Here we performed numerical simulations of collisions between two equal-mass porous aggregates with various collision velocities and impact parameters, and we also changed the strength of rolling friction systematically. We found that the threshold of the collision velocity for the fragmentation of dust aggregates is nearly independent of the strength of rolling friction. This is because the total amount of the energy dissipation by the tangential frictions is nearly constant even though the strength of rolling friction is varied.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. See also our previous paper arXiv:2205.13768
PAREMIOLOGY - AS THE BASIS OF NATIONAL CULTURE OF THE PEOPLE
Creators: name: Rakhmatullayeva, Mokhichekhra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article analyses the paremiology, paremiological units and their role in contrastive linguistics.  In linguistics, the field of paremiology is one of the fields with a long history. It was studied as part of lexicology for many years until it was separated as a separate department. Despite the fact that a lot of research has been done in the field of paremiology, it still has many aspects that have not yet been discovered.
A Quarter Century of Guitar Nebula/Filament Evolution
Creators: name: de Vries, Martijn
name: Romani, Roger W.
name: Kargaltsev, Oleg
name: Pavlov, George
name: Posselt, Bettina
name: Slane, Patrick
name: Bucciantini, Niccolo'
name: Ng, C. -Y
name: Klingler, Noel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have collected a new deep {\it Chandra X-ray Observatory} ({\it CXO}) exposure of PSR B2224+65 and the `Guitar Nebula', mapping the complex X-ray structure. This is accompanied by a new {\it HST} H$α$ image of the head of the Guitar. Comparing the {\it HST} and {\it CXO} structures in 4 epochs over 25 years, we constrain the evolution of the TeV particles that light up the filament. Cross-field diffusion appears to be enhanced, likely by the injected particles, behind the filament's sharp leading edge, explaining the filament width and its evolving surface brightness profile.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Hadron resonance gas and mean-field nuclear matter for baryon number fluctuations
Creators: name: Fukushima, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give an estimate for the skewness and the kurtosis of the baryon number distribution in two representative models; i.e., models of a hadron resonance gas and relativistic mean-field nuclear matter. I emphasize formal similarity between these two descriptions. The hadron resonance gas leads to a deviation from the Skellam distribution if quantum statistical correlation is taken into account at high baryon density, but this effect is not strong enough to explain fluctuation data seen in the beam-energy scan at RHIC/STAR. In the calculation of mean-field nuclear matter the density correlation with the vector $ω$-field rather than the effective mass with the scalar $σ$-field renders the kurtosis suppressed at higher baryon density so as to account for the experimentally observed behavior of the kurtosis. We finally discuss the difference between the baryon number and the proton number fluctuations from correlation effects in isospin space. The numerical results suggest that such effects are only minor even in the case of complete randomization of isospin.
description: 9 pages; 7 figures; updated to a published version; uncertainty estimates added on the plots
title: Relationships and Sexuality in Netflix Teen Movies
title: A Content Analysis of "The Kissing Booth" & "To All the Boys I've Loved Before"
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mendonca Lins Caldas, Beatriz
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Content Analysis
Media
Netflix
Relationships
Sexuality
Teen Movies

description: Younger audiences are constantly exposed to media that portrays romantic and sexual relationships in ways that are oftentimes unhealthy and unrealistic. Through the lens of social cognitive theory and scripting theory, this study seeks to investigate the presence of romantic and sexual content in “The Kissing Booth” and “To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before” (two popular Netflix trilogies) to better understand the sexual and romantic scripts to which young viewers are exposed. This content analysis explored six movies, in five-minute units of analysis, for a total of 132 units of analysis. Results show that both series similarly portrayed romantic and sexual interactions, and that both lead male romantic interests were responsible for perpetrating benevolent sexism and gender stereotypes. However, “The Kissing Booth” showed more instances of hostile sexism and physical violence, also by the male lead, while “To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before” focused more on emotional intimacy between characters. In conclusion, romantic media that is targeted to high school age audiences has associated romance and love to sexism and violence, which could influence teenagers’ decision-making and beliefs about relationships.
Informed systematic method to identify variable mid and late-T dwarfs
Creators: name: Oliveros-Gómez, Natalia
name: Manjavacas, Elena
name: Ashraf, Afra
name: Gagliuffi, Daniella C. Bardalez
name: Vos, Johanna
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Karalidi, Theodora
name: Apai, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of brown dwarfs show some level of photometric or spectro-photometric variability in different wavelength ranges. This variability allow us to trace the 3D atmospheric structures of variable brown dwarfs and directly-imaged exoplanets with radiative-transfer models and mapping codes. Nevertheless, to date, we do not have an informed method to pre-select the brown dwarfs that might show a higher variability amplitude for a thorough variability study. In this work, we designed and tested near-infrared spectral indices to pre-select the most likely variable mid- and late-T dwarfs, which overlap in effective temperatures with directly-imaged exoplanets. We used time-resolved near-infrared Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 spectra of a T6.5 dwarf, 2MASS J22282889--431026, to design our novel spectral indices. We tested these spectral indices on 26 T5.5--T7.5 near-infrared SpeX/IRTF spectra, and we provided eight new mid- and late-T variable candidates. We estimated the variability fraction of our sample in $38^{+4}_{-30}$%, which agrees with the variability fractions provided by Metchev, et. al, (2015) for mid-to late-T dwarfs. In addition, two of the three previously known variables in our SpeX spectra sample are flagged as variable candidates by our indices. Similarly, all seven known non-variable in our sample are flagged as non-variable objects by our indices. These results suggest that our spectral indices might be used to find variable mid- and late-T brown dwarf variables. These indices may be crucial in the future to select cool directly-imaged exoplanets for variability studies.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 17 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
13th Annual Meeting of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution Abstracts Aarhus, 21-22 September 2023
Creators: name: European Society For The Study Of Human Evolution, ESHE:
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2023

description: ESHE Abstracts 2023.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2023 No. 2 (2023): PaleoAnthropology
Cliffs User Manual
Creators: name: Tolkova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cliffs is an open-source relative of MOST (Method Of Splitting Tsunamis) numerical model, implemented as described in (Tolkova, 2014, Pure and Appl. Geophys., 171(9), 2289-2314), with some modifications thereafter. Cliffs features: Shallow-Water approximation with an option to manipulate numerical dispersion; Use of Cartesian or spherical (lon/lat) coordinates; 1D and 2D configurations; Structured co-located grid with (optionally) varying spacing; Runup on land; Initial conditions or boundary forcing; Grid nesting with one-way coupling; Parallelized with OpenMP; NetCDF format of input/output data. This user manual accompanies Cliffs code distribution on GitHub, and is updated following essential updates to the code.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures; source code is available via http://elena.tolkova.com/Cliffs.htm or https://github.com/Delta-function/cliffs-src
Sparkling Silence: Practices and Challenges of Livestreaming Among Deaf or Hard of Hearing Streamers
Creators: name: Cao, Beiyan
name: He, Changyang
name: Zhou, Muzhi
name: Fan, Mingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding livestream platforms' accessibility challenges for minority groups, such as people with disabilities, is critical to increasing the diversity and inclusion of those platforms. While prior work investigated the experiences of streamers with vision or motor loss, little is known about the experiences of deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) streamers who must work with livestreaming platforms that heavily depend on audio. We conducted semi-structured interviews with DHH streamers to learn why they livestream, how they navigate livestream platforms and related challenges. Our findings revealed their desire to break the stereotypes towards the DHH groups via livestream and the intense interplay between interaction methods, such as sign language, texts, lip language, background music, and viewer characteristics. Major accessibility challenges include the lack of real-time captioning, the small sign language reading window, and misinterpretation of sign language. We present design considerations for improving the accessibility of the livestream platforms.
description: Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '23), April 23--28, 2023, Hamburg, Germany
Interaction of photons traversing a slowly varying electromagnetic background
Creators: name: King, B.
name: Böhl, P.
name: Ruhl, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When two electromagnetic fields counterpropagate, they are modified due to mutual interaction via the polarised virtual electron-positron states of the vacuum. By studying how photon-photon scattering effects such as birefringence and four-wave mixing evolve as the fields pass through one another, we find a significant increase during overlap. The results have particular relevance for calculations based on a constant field background.
title: Forced Labour 1940. An Online Exhibition
Creators: name: Jones, Gwen
Publisher: name: ZZF - Leibniz-Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung: Visual History
Year: 2023

description: Over recent years, several private photos of the persecution of the Hungarian Jews have been made accessible to the public online. However, due to the lack of historical context and basic metadata, these photographs remain difficult to trace. This problem is particularly significant for international researchers without knowledge of Hungarian. In 2020, I started examining ways to design and develop online exhibitions, and this short essay outlines the process and results: the online gallery “Forced Labour, Hungary 1940”. The aim of this project was to present and contextualise one small collection of family materials – two photo albums and a diary – to make them accessible for a broader, international public.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NO CUIDADO DO DIABETES: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Creators: name: Thaynara Silva Dos Anjos
name: Katyucia Oliveira Crispim De Souza
name: Oliveira, Larayne Gallo Farias
name: Jerusa Costa Dos Santos
name: Granja, Gabriela Ferreira
name: Lislaine Aparecida Fracolli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: ANAIS DO III CONGRESSO NORTE-NORDESTE DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA (ONLINE) Introdução: O Brasil é o sexto país no mundo com maior número de adultos com Diabetes
 Mellitus, atingindo 15,7 milhões de pessoas. Para o melhor tratamento e controle da
 doença é essencial a assistência adequada dos profissionais de enfermagem. Entretanto, é
 necessário observar se essa assistência é realizada de maneira adequada. Objetivo: Relatar
 a percepção de uma discente na observação da assistência do enfermeiro no cuidado ao
 paciente com Diabetes Mellitus tipo II em unidades básicas de saúde do estado de Sergipe.
 Metodologia: Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, vivenciado nos períodos de
 coleta de dados do mestrado, ocorrido de fevereiro de 2018 a junho de 2019, em unidades
 básicas de saúde da capital e do interior do sergipano, com 600 pacientes com Diabetes
 Mellitus tipo II. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade
 Federal de Sergipe (2.300.173/2017). Resultados: A visita a unidades de saúde em cidades
 distintas para realização de coleta de dados dos pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo II,
 possibilitou a percepção de cenários diferenciados quanto à assistência a estes pacientes.
 Pode-se observar que em unidades onde o enfermeiro realizava o programa hiperdia, o
 reconhecimento e gratidão dos pacientes eram relatados no momento da coleta. Já em
 unidades onde os profissionais de enfermagem não desenvolviam o programa hiperdia,
 os mesmos não os consideravam importantes e nem sabiam que eles também eram
 responsáveis por seu cuidado. Considerações Finais: O reconhecimento da atuação do
 profissional de enfermagem pelos pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo II relacionou-se com
 a atuação desses profissionais na assistência ao paciente. Em algumas localidades, a falta
 de visibilidade dos enfermeiros é decorrente da sua baixa atuação, fazendo-se necessário
 o desenvolvimento das atividades preconizadas para este profissional na Atenção Primária
 à Saúde.
 Palavras-Chave: Assistência à Saúde. Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis. Atenção
 Primária à Saúde.
 ÁREA TEMÁTICA: Outras.
Stars Crushed by Black Holes. III. Mild Compression of Radiative Stars by Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Kundu, Suman Kumar
name: Coughlin, Eric R.
name: Nixon, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when the gravitational field of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) destroys a star. For TDEs in which the star enters deep within the tidal radius, such that the ratio of the tidal radius to the pericenter distance $β$ satisfies $β\gg 1$, the star is tidally compressed and heated. It was predicted that the maximum density and temperature attained during deep TDEs scale as $\propto β^3$ and $\propto β^2$, respectively, and nuclear detonation triggered by $β\gtrsim 5$, but these predictions have been debated over the last four decades. We perform Newtonian smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of deep TDEs between a Sun-like star and a $10^6 M_\odot$ SMBH for $2 \le β\le 10$. We find that neither the maximum density nor temperature follow the $\propto β^3$ and $\propto β^2$ scalings or, for that matter, any power-law dependence, and that the maximum-achieved density and temperature are reduced by $\sim$ an order of magnitude compared to past predictions. We also perform simulations in the Schwarzschild metric, and find that relativistic effects modestly increase the maximum density (by a factor of $\lesssim 1.5$) and induce a time lag relative to the Newtonian simulations, which is induced by time dilation. We also confirm that the time the star spends at high density and temperature is a very small fraction of its dynamical time. We therefore predict that the amount of nuclear burning achieved by radiative stars during deep TDEs is minimal.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepted
Introduction to the Special Issue
Creators: name: Benitez, Robert Acio
name: Murray, John
name: Antón, Susan
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2023

description: This is the first part of a special issue on niche construction, plasticity, and inclusive inheritance in the context of the extended evolutionary synthesis. In this part there are seven contributions: Benitez, R.A., Murray, J.K., Anton, S.C.: Introduction to the special issue: niche construction, plasticity, and inclusive inheritance: rethinking human origins with the extended evolutionary synthesis, part 1 Lala, K.N., O’Brien, M.J.: The cultural contribution to evolvability Smail, I.E.: Community niches and evolution of generalist primates: a preliminary assessment of Plio-Pleistocene Cercopithecidae Stock, J.T., Will, M., Wells, J.C.K.: The extended evolutionary synthesis and distributed adaptation in the genus Homo: phenotypic plasticity and behavioral adaptability Sterelny, K.: Niche construction, cumulative culture, and the social transmission of expertise Goodrum, M.R.: Reconceiving paleoanthropology in the era of the modern evolutionary synthesis Tattersall, I.: Let sleeping syntheses lie
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2023 No. 2 (2023): PaleoAnthropology
Lectures on BCOV holomorphic anomaly equations
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Atsushi
name: Zhou, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J32, 14J33, 14N35

description: The present article surveys some mathematical aspects of the BCOV holomorphic anomaly equations introduced by Bershadsky, Cecotti, Ooguri and Vafa. It grew from a series of lectures the authors gave at the Fields Institute in the Thematic Program of Calabi-Yau Varieties in the fall of 2013.
description: reference added, typos corrected
The detection of magnetic chemically peculiar stars using Gaia BP/RP spectra
Creators: name: Paunzen, E.
name: Prisegen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic chemically peculiar (mCP) stars of the upper main sequence are perfectly suited to studying the effects of rotation, diffusion, mass-loss, accretion, and pulsation in the presence of an organized stellar magnetic field. Therefore, many important models can only be tested with this star group. In this case study we investigate the possibility of detecting the characteristic 520 nm flux depression of mCP stars using low-resolution BP/RP spectra of the Gaia mission. This would enable us to effectively search for these objects in the ever-increasing database. We employed the tool of Delta a photometry to trace the 520 nm flux depression for 1240 known mCP and 387 normal-type objects including binaries. To this end, we folded the filter curves with the BP/RP spectra and generated the well-established color-color diagram. It is clearly possible to distinguish mCP stars from normal-type objects. The detection rate is almost 95\% for B- and A-type objects. It then drops for cooler-type stars, which is in line with models of the 520 nm flux depression. The BP/RP spectra are clearly qualified to efficiently search for and detect mCP stars.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. 1 table, accepted for Astronomy & Astrophysics
Roaring Storms in the Planetary-Mass Companion VHS 1256-1257 b: Hubble Space Telescope Multi-epoch Monitoring Reveals Vigorous Evolution in an Ultra-cool Atmosphere
Creators: name: Zhou, Yifan
name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Apai, Dániel
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Bryan, Marta L.
name: Skemer, Andrew J.
name: Benneke, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric and spectral variability of brown dwarfs probes heterogeneous temperature and cloud distribution and traces the atmospheric circulation patterns. We present a new 42-hr Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 G141 spectral time series of VHS 1256$-$1257 b, a late L-type planetary-mass companion that has been shown to have one of the highest variability amplitudes among substellar objects. The light curve is rapidly evolving and best-fit by a combination of three sine waves with different periods and a linear trend. The amplitudes of the sine waves and the linear slope vary with wavelength, and the corresponding spectral variability patterns match the predictions by models invoking either heterogeneous clouds or thermal profile anomalies. Combining these observations with previous HST monitoring data, we find that the peak-to-valley flux difference is $33\pm2$% with an even higher amplitude reaching 38% in the $J$ band, the highest amplitude ever observed in a substellar object. The observed light curve can be explained by maps that are composed of zonal waves, spots, or a mixture of the two. Distinguishing the origin of rapid light curve evolution requires additional long-term monitoring. Our findings underscore the essential role of atmospheric dynamics in shaping brown dwarf atmospheres and highlight VHS 1256$-$1257 b as one of the most favorable targets for studying atmospheres, clouds, and atmospheric circulation of planets and brown dwarfs.
description: Accepted for publicaton in AJ. 18 pages main text, 13 figures
SB-Labelings, Distributivity, and Bruhat Order on Sortable Elements
Creators: name: Mühle, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55 (Primary), 06D75, 06A07 (Secondary)

description: In this article, we investigate the set of $γ$-sortable elements, associated with a Coxeter group $W$ and a Coxeter element $γ\in W$, under Bruhat order, and we denote this poset by $\mathcal{B}_γ$. We show that this poset belongs to the class of SB-lattices recently introduced by Hersh and Mészáros, by proving a more general statement, namely that all join-distributive lattices are SB-lattices. The observation that $\mathcal{B}_γ$ is join-distributive is due to Armstrong. Subsequently, we investigate for which finite Coxeter groups $W$ and which Coxeter elements $γ\in W$ the lattice $\mathcal{B}_γ$ is in fact distributive. It turns out that this is the case for the "coincidental" Coxeter groups, namely the groups $A_{n},B_{n},H_{3}$ and $I_{2}(k)$. We conclude this article with a conjectural characteriziation of the Coxeter elements $γ$ of said groups for which $\mathcal{B}_γ$ is distributive in terms of forbidden orientations of the Coxeter diagram.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Paleoanthropology Society Meeting Abstracts, Portland, OR, 28–29 March 2023
Creators: name: Paleoanthropology Society, PAS:
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2023

description: Abstracts for the Paleoanthropology Society meetings 2023.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2023 No. 1 (2023): PaleoAnthropology
Sun-as-a-star Analyses of Various Solar Active Events Using H$α$ Spectral Images Taken by SMART/SDDI
Creators: name: Otsu, Takato
name: Asai, Ayumi
name: Ichimoto, Kiyoshi
name: Ishii, Takako T.
name: Namekata, Kosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sun-as-a-star analyses, in which observational data is spatially integrated, are useful for interpreting stellar data. For future applications to stellar observations, we performed Sun-as-a-star analyses of H$α$ spectra for various active events on the Sun, not only for flares and filament eruptions/surges on the solar disk, but also for eruptions of off limb prominences using H$α$ spectral images taken by the Solar Magnetic Activity Research Telescope / Solar Dynamics Doppler Imager (SMART/SDDI) at Hida Observatory, Kyoto University. All the analyzed events show emission relative to the pre-event state and the changes in their H$α$ equivalent widths are all on the orders of 10$^{-4}$ Å. Sun-as-a-star H$α$ spectra exhibit different features depending on the causes of the emission: (i) Flares show emission at the H$α$ line center, together with red asymmetry and line broadening, as reported in a previous study. (ii) Filament eruptions with and without flares show emission near the H$α$ line center, accompanied by blue-/red-shifted absorption. Notably, disappearance of dark filaments leads to the apparent enhancement of the H$α$ line center emission. (iii) Eruptions of off limb prominences show blue-/red-shifted emission. These spectral features enable us to identify the active phenomena on Sun-like stars. We have also found that even the filament eruptions showing red-shifted absorptions in Sun-as-a-star H$α$ spectra lead to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). This result suggests that even if the falling components of stellar filament eruptions are detected as red-shifted absorptions in H$α$ spectra, such stellar filament eruptions may also develop into CMEs.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Obituary: In Memory of William Howard Kimbel (1954–2022)
Creators: name: Bailey, Shara
name: Rector, Amy
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2023

description: Dr. William ("Bill") H. Kimbel passed away on April 17, 2022. Bill was a much-admired and internationally renowned scholar of paleoanthropology, best known for his field work in Hadar, Ethiopia. His contributions to understanding the origin, evolution, and anatomy of Australopithecus afarensis and early Homo shaped how paleoanthropologists interpet the fossil record. With his regular work in the Ethiopia National Museum and Hadar, Bill also supported the community of students, scholars, and colleagues in Ethiopia. Through his research, public outreach, and student training, Bill’s scientific rigor has been a benchmark against which all paleoanthropological work is measured. He was a beloved colleague, mentor and friend who is deeply missed.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2023 No. 2 (2023): PaleoAnthropology
Low Error-Rate Approximate Multiplier Design for DNNs with Hardware-Driven Co-Optimization
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Zhang, Jide
name: Zheng, Su
name: Li, Zhen
name: Wang, Lingli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, two approximate 3*3 multipliers are proposed and the synthesis results of the ASAP-7nm process library justify that they can reduce the area by 31.38% and 36.17%, and the power consumption by 36.73% and 35.66% compared with the exact multiplier, respectively. They can be aggregated with a 2*2 multiplier to produce an 8*8 multiplier with low error rate based on the distribution of DNN weights. We propose a hardware-driven software co-optimization method to improve the DNN accuracy by retraining. Based on the proposed two approximate 3-bit multipliers, three approximate 8-bit multipliers with low error-rate are designed for DNNs. Compared with the exact 8-bit unsigned multiplier, our design can achieve a significant advantage over other approximate multipliers on the public dataset.
description: ISCAS 2022. 5pages, 1 figure
Fine compactified Jacobians of reduced curves
Creators: name: Melo, Margarida
name: Rapagnetta, Antonio
name: Viviani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To every singular reduced projective curve X one can associate many fine compactified Jacobians, depending on the choice of a polarization on X, each of which yields a modular compactification of a disjoint union of the generalized Jacobian of X. We investigate the geometric properties of fine compactified Jacobians focusing on curves having locally planar singularities. We give examples of nodal curves admitting non isomorphic (and even non homeomorphic over the field of complex numbers) fine compactified Jacobians. We study universal fine compactified Jacobians, which are relative fine compactified Jacobians over the semiuniversal deformation space of the curve X. Finally, we investigate the existence of twisted Abel maps with values in suitable fine compactified Jacobians.
description: 45 pages; final version, to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc
Frauen auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben in Deutschland – Leben und Arbeit, Herausforderungen und Wünsche : Befragungsergebnisse von über 7.000 Frauen
Creators: name: Davier, Zazie Von
name: Padel, Susanne
name: Edebohls, Imke
name: Devries, Uta
name: Nieberg, Hiltrud
name: Davier, Zazie Von
name: Padel, Susanne
name: Edebohls, Imke
name: Devries, Uta
name: Nieberg, Hiltrud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Frauen
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Geschlechterverhältnisse
subject: Arbeitssituation
subject: Gesundheit
subject: Zugang zu Land
subject: women
subject: agriculture
subject: gender equality
subject: work situation
subject: health
subject: access to land

description: DOI:10.3220/WP1675324892000
How general is the strong cosmic censorship bound for quasinormal modes?
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hod's proposal claims that the least damped quasinormal mode of a black hole must have the imaginary part smaller than half of the surface gravity at the event horizon. The Strong Cosmic Censorship in General Relativity implies that this bound must be even weaker: half of the surface gravity at the Cauchy horizon. The appealing question is whether these bounds are limited by the Einstein theory only? Here we will present numerical evidence that once the black hole size is much smaller than then the radius of the cosmological horizon, both the Hod's proposal and the strong cosmic censorship bound for quasinormal modes are satisfied for general spherically symmetric black holes in an arbitrary metric theory of gravity. The low-lying quasinormal frequencies have the universal behavior in this regime and do not depend on the near-horizon geometry, but only on the asymptotic parameters: the value of the cosmological constant and black hole mass.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
PRESCRIÇÃO DO ANTICONCEPCIONAL SUBDÉRMICO EM UMA UBS DE SÃO PAULO: INDICAÇÕES E VULNERABILIDADES
Creators: name: Jerusa Costa Dos Santos
name: Thaynara Silva Dos Anjos
name: Katyucia Oliveira Crispim De Souza
name: Oliveira, Larayne Gallo Farias
name: Geraldo, Daniela Cristina
name: Granja, Gabriela Ferreira
name: Lislaine Aparecida Fracolli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Anais do III Congresso Norte-Nordeste de Saúde Pública (Online) RESUMOS SIMPLES Introdução: O anticoncepcional subdérmico - Etonogestrel 68mg é um método contraceptivo
 reversível de longa duração, com eficácia superior a 99%. Isso torna-se possível porque após
 sua implantação intradérmica, a liberação do hormônio se dá de forma automática, constante
 e programada por cerca de 36 meses, sendo indicado a pacientes que não se adequam a
 outros métodos contraceptivos. O Etonogestrel subdérmico foi incorporado ao programa de
 planejamento familiar do SUS em 2021 e dada a importância desse contraceptivo, faz-se
 necessário analisar a sua prescrição. Objetivo: Analisar as prescrições de Etonogestrel
 68 mg, quanto à elegibilidade. Método: Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva com dados
 secundários obtidos a partir da análise de seis prescrições médicas de Etonogestrel 68 mg
 – subdérmico emitidas de janeiro a abril de 2022 em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Zona
 Sul de São Paulo. As especificações de prioridades estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Saúde
 para o uso do contraceptivo são: I Usuárias de drogas; II: Moradoras em situação de rua; III:
 Adolescentes de regiões com vulnerabilidade social muito alta, conforme definido pelo Índice
 Paulista de Vulnerabilidade Social elaborado pela Fundação SEADE; Faixa etária entre 14
 anos e abaixo de 20 anos; IV: Outras condições particulares de vulnerabilidade psicossociais
 conforme os critérios médicos atualizados de elegibilidade para uso contraceptivo da
 Organização Mundial da Saúde, sendo necessário a justificativa da indicação para este
 item. Resultados: Observou-se que quanto à elegibilidade, as indicações mais frequentes
 entre as prescrições foram o item III (50%) e o item IV (50%). Das prescrições analisadas,
 50% eram de pacientes com idades de 14 a menos de 20 anos e 16,7% apresentavam
 idade superior a 21 anos, com justificativa de alta vulnerabilidade e abortos anteriores.
 Conclusão: Os dados obtidos, sugerem que possivelmente a prevalência dos itens III e IV
 se dá devido a sua descrição mais abrangente, pois os itens I e II via de regra se encaixam
 dentro dos itens III e IV, sendo a principal diferença entre esses últimos o fator idade.
 Palavras-Chave: Anticoncepção. Vulnerabilidade. Implanon
 ÁREA TEMÁTICA: Outras.
Generating Accurate Virtual Examples For Lifelong Machine Learning
Creators: name: Mahfuz, Sazia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lifelong machine learning (LML) is an area of machine learning research concerned with human-like persistent and cumulative nature of learning. LML system's objective is consolidating new information into an existing machine learning model without catastrophically disrupting the prior information. Our research addresses this LML retention problem for creating a knowledge consolidation network through task rehearsal without retaining the prior task's training examples. We discovered that the training data reconstruction error from a trained Restricted Boltzmann Machine can be successfully used to generate accurate virtual examples from the reconstructed set of a uniform random set of examples given to the trained model. We also defined a measure for comparing the probability distributions of two datasets given to a trained network model based on their reconstruction mean square errors.
description: 4 pages, Canadian AI GSS 2019
Theoretical implications of detecting gravitational waves
Creators: name: Geshnizjani, Ghazal
name: Kinney, William H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the third in a series of theorems which state how cosmological observations can provide evidence for an early phase of acceleration in the universe. Previous theorems demonstrated that the observed power spectrum for scalar perturbations forces all possible alternative theories of inflation to theories other than General Relativity. It was shown that generically, without a phase of accelerated expansion, these alternatives have to break at least one of the following tenets of classical general relativity: the Null Energy Condition (NEC), subluminal signal propagation, or sub-Planckian energy densities. In this paper we prove how detection of primordial gravitational waves at large scales can provide independent evidence to support a phase of accelerated expansion. This proof does not rely on the spectral index for tensor modes but relies on validity of quantum field theory in curved space time and tensor modes being sourced from adiabatic vacuum fluctuations. Our approach, like in the case of scalars, is proof by contradiction: we investigate the possibility of a detectable tensor signal sourced by vacuum fluctuations in a non-accelerating, sub-Planckian universe using cosmological perturbation theory and derive contradictory limits on cosmological dynamics. The contradiction implies that one or more of our axioms for early universe must have been broken. The bound from tensor perturbations is not only independent of, but also stronger than the one obtained from scalar power spectrum.
description: 21 pages, v3: Version published in JCAP
Bridging the Generational Gap: Exploring How Virtual Reality Supports Remote Communication Between Grandparents and Grandchildren
Creators: name: Wei, Xiaoying
name: Gu, Yizheng
name: Kuang, Emily
name: Wang, Xian
name: Cao, Beiyan
name: Jin, Xiaofu
name: Fan, Mingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When living apart, grandparents and grandchildren often use audio-visual communication approaches to stay connected. However, these approaches seldom provide sufficient companionship and intimacy due to a lack of co-presence and spatial interaction, which can be fulfilled by immersive virtual reality (VR). To understand how grandparents and grandchildren might leverage VR to facilitate their remote communication and better inform future design, we conducted a user-centered participatory design study with twelve pairs of grandparents and grandchildren. Results show that VR affords casual and equal communication by reducing the generational gap, and promotes conversation by offering shared activities as bridges for connection. Participants preferred resemblant appearances on avatars for conveying well-being but created ideal selves for gaining playfulness. Based on the results, we contribute eight design implications that inform future VR-based grandparent-grandchild communications.
description: Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '23), April 23--28, 2023, Hamburg, Germany