cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Antiproton signatures from astrophysical and dark matter sources at the galactic center
Creators: name: Cembranos, J. A. R.
name: Gammaldi, V.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The center of our Galaxy is a complex region characterized by extreme phenomena. The presence of the supermassive Sagittarius A* black hole, a high Dark Matter density and an even higher baryonic density are able to produce very energetic processes. Indeed, high energetic gamma rays have been observed by different telescopes, although its origin is not clear. In this work, we constrain the possible antiproton flux component associated to this signal. The expected secondary astrophysical antiproton background already saturates the observed data. It implies that any other important astrophysical source leads to an inconsistent excess, since the theoretical uncertainties corresponding to the mentioned background are small. The constraints depend on the diffusion model and the spectral features of the source. In particular, we consider antiproton spectra described by a power-law, a monochromatic signal and a Standard Model particle-antiparticle channel production.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
C-reactive protein response to influenza vaccination as a model of mild inflammatory stimulation in the Philippines
Creators: name: Perez, Tita Lorna L.
name: McDade, Thomas W.
name: Borja, Judith B.
name: Kuzawa, Christopher W.
name: Adair, Linda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: C-reactive protein (CRP) is increasingly measured as a marker of systemic inflammation that predicts elevated risk for cardiovascular disease. Influenza vaccination is a mild pro-inflammatory stimulus, and the CRP response to vaccination may provide additional information on individual differences in inflammatory response and risk for disease.
Cyclic group actions and embedded spheres in 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Hamilton, M. J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M60, 57S17, 57N13 (Primary), 57R57 (Secondary)

description: In this note we derive an upper bound on the number of 2-spheres in the fixed point set of a smooth and homologically trivial cyclic group action of prime order on a simply-connected 4-manifold. This improves the a priori bound which is given by one half of the Euler characteristic of the 4-manifold. The result also shows that in some cases the 4-manifold does not admit such actions of a certain order at all or that any such action has to be pseudofree.
description: 13 pages; to appear in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Reprocessing model for the optical quasi-periodic oscillations in black hole binaries
Creators: name: Veledina, Alexandra
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of black hole X-ray transients show quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the optical (ultraviolet) and X-ray bands at the same frequency, which challenge models for production of radiation at these wavelengths. We propose a model where the optical radiation is modulated by the oscillating X-ray flux resulting in varying irradiation of the outer parts of the accretion disc. The proposed QPO mechanism inevitably takes place in the systems with sufficiently small ratio of the outer disc radius to the QPO period. We show that, unlike in the case of the aperiodic variability, it is not possible to obtain the optical QPO profiles from those observed in the X-rays through the transfer function, because of different X-ray signals seen by the disc and by the observer. We demonstrate that with the increasing QPO frequency, occurring at the rising phase of the X-ray outburst, the rms should be constant for sufficiently low frequencies, then to increase reaching the peak and finally to drop substantially when the QPO period becomes comparable to the light-crossing time to the outer disc. We predict that the QPO rms in this model should increase towards shorter wavelengths and this fact can be used to distinguish it from other QPO mechanisms.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; version published in MNRAS
On real projective connections, V.I. Smirnov's approach, and black hole type solutions of the Liouville equation
Creators: name: Takhtajan, Leon A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30F10, 35J10, 53B10

description: We consider real projective connections on Riemann surfaces and corresponding solutions of the Liouville equation. It is shown that these solutions have singularities of special type (of a black hole type) on a finite number of simple analytical contours. The case of the Riemann sphere with four real punctures, considered in V.I. Smirnov's thesis (Petrograd, 1918), is analyzed in detail.
description: 13 pages, final version
title: Post-Editing durch Studierende
Creators: name: Weilguny, Paul
Year: 2022

description: Aus diversen translationswissenschaftlichen Forschungsarbeiten über Post-Editing geht hervor, dass professionelle Übersetzer*innen Post-Editing sowie maschineller Übersetzung skeptisch gegenüberstehen und selbst trotz möglicher Produktivitätsgewinne das Humanübersetzen bevorzugen. Davon ausgehend kann die Frage gestellt werden, ob die neue Generation an Übersetzer*innen, etwa Masterstudierende, für das Post-Editing durch ihre translatorische Ausbildung geeignet ist und vor allem, ob sie die Tätigkeit in einem positiveren Licht als ihre erfahrenen Kolleg*innen sehen. Allerdings verfügen nur wenige Studierenden über eine Post-Editing-Ausbildung, wodurch ihnen nötige Kompetenzen fehlen. Die Forschung könnte jedoch beim Erstellen von Post-Editing Curricula und Kursen helfen, und auch diese Arbeit soll dazu einen kleinen Beitrag leisten, indem der temporale, technische und kognitive Aufwand, der bei Studierenden während eines Post-Editings auftritt, gemessen und analysiert wird. Dafür wurde eine Studie mit drei Masterstudierenden durchgeführt, die kurz vor Ende ihrer Ausbildung am Zentrum für Translationswissenschaft stehen, über keine Post-Editing-Ausbildung verfügen und einen Text, der mit DeepL vom Englischen ins Deutsche maschinell übersetzt wurde, unter gewissen Vorgaben im CAT-Tool MemoQ post-editieren mussten. Dabei wurde die Bearbeitungszeit in den diversen Segmenten aufgezeichnet, die Anzahl und Verteilung von Änderungen in den Segmenten erfasst und die Augenbewegungen der Teilnehmer*innen mit einem Eyetracker gemessen. Dieser gab Aufschluss über Anzahl, Dauer und Verteilung von Fixationen innerhalb von vier festgelegten Interessensbereichen, nämlich Browserfenster, Ausgangstextspalte, Zieltextspalte und Bereich mit Translation-Memory Treffern. Aus den gewonnenen Daten ging hervor, dass der Bereich des Zieltextes für Studierende mit dem höchsten temporalen, technischen und kognitiven Aufwand verbunden war. Zusätzlich ging aus den mit den Teilnehmer*innen geführten Interviews hervor, dass sie dem Post-Editing bereits vor Durchführung der Aufgabe generell aufgeschlossen waren und spätestens nach dem Post-Editing die trotz fehlender Ausbildung möglichen Produktivitätsgewinne erkannten.
The antibody response to influenza vaccination is not impaired in type 2 diabetics
Creators: name: Karlsson, Erik A.
name: Noah, Terry
name: Paich, Heather A.
name: Weir, Sam
name: Beck, Melinda A.
name: Sheridan, Patricia A.
name: Hudgens, Michael
name: Schultz-Cherry, Stacey
name: Handy, Jean
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Diabetics are considered to be at high risk for complications from influenza infection and Type 2 diabetes is a significant comorbidity of obesity. Obesity is an independent risk factor for complications from infection with influenza. Annual vaccination is considered the best strategy for protecting against influenza infection and it’s complications. Our previous study reported intact antibody responses 30 days post vaccination in an obese population. This study was designed to determine the antibody response to influenza vaccination in type 2 diabetics.
title: Fake News und Verschwörungstheorien
Creators: name: Lux, Benjamin
Year: 2022

description: Ziel der hier präsentierten Masterarbeit ist es, Unterrichtseinheiten zur Förderung der S-Kompetenz im Physikunterricht zu erstellen. Das gewählte Thema dieser Un-terrichtseinheiten ist „Fake News und Verschwörungstheorien“, da es sich um ein relevantes Thema in der Lebenswelt von Schüler*innen handelt. Im ersten Teil werden anhand einer Literaturrecherche die grundlegenden theoreti-schen Inhalte zu den Themen Bildungsstandards und Kompetenzmodelle geklärt. Anschließend werden auf Grundlage relevanter Theorien Designprinzipien erstellt, welche als Leitlinien zur Erstellung der Unterrichtsmaterialien dienen. Mit Hilfe die-ser Designprinzipien werden die zu erreichenden Ziele sowie die Einheiten erstellt. Im letzten Teil wird die Erprobung der erstellten Materialien mit drei Klassen der 11. Schulstufe präsentiert und evaluiert. Die Evaluierung der Materialien erfolgt hierbei mit Hilfe eines Beobachtungsbogens, eines Fragebogens und leitfadengestützter Interviews. Die präsentierten Materialien sind für die Oberstufe (besonders 11. und 12. Schul-stufe) erstellt worden. Sie sollen Lehrenden eine Möglichkeit bieten, die S-Kompetenz ihrer Schüler*innen zu fördern, ohne viel Zeit in der Vorbereitung in-vestieren zu müssen.
description: The goal of this master’s thesis is to create teaching units to promote the S-competence in physics courses. The chosen topic of these teaching units is “fake news and conspiracy theories” since it is a relevant part of students’ everyday life. In the first part, the theoretical basics of educational standards and competence models are clarified. Afterwards design principles are created based on relevant theoretical contents of the topics. These design principles are used as guidelines to create the teaching materials. Furthermore, they are used to define the goals of the units and to construct the units themselves. In the last part, the created materials are tested on three high school classes and evaluated. The evaluation of the teaching materials is realized by using an observation sheet, a questionnaire, and guided interviews. The presented teaching materials have been designed for use in upper secondary school physics courses (especially school years 11 and 12). They are intended to create the possibility for teachers to promote the S-competence of their students without having to invest too much time in the planning and creating of the materials.
Preferences for CT Colonography and Colonoscopy as Diagnostic Tests for Colorectal Cancer: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Creators: name: Howard, Kirsten
name: Salkeld, Glenn
name: Olsen, Julie
name: Clapton, Wayne
name: Pignone, Michael
name: Roberts-Thomson, Ian C.
name: Cheung, Peter
name: Hewett, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Computed tomography colonography (CTC) is an alternative diagnostic test to colonoscopy for colorectal cancer and polyps. The aim was to determine test characteristics important to patients and to examine trade-offs in attributes that patients are willing to accept in the context of diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
A Public Key Cryptoscheme Using Bit-pairs and Probabilistic Mazes
Creators: name: Su, Shenghui
name: Lu, Shuwang
name: Xu, Maozhi
name: Xie, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4.6; E.3; F.1.3

description: This paper gives the definition and property of a bit-pair shadow, and devises the three algorithms of a public key cryptoscheme called JUOAN that is based on a multivariate permutation problem and an anomalous subset product problem to which no subexponential time solutions are found so far, and regards a bit-pair as a manipulation unit. The authors demonstrate that the decryption algorithm is correct, deduce the probability that a plaintext solution is nonunique is nearly zero, analyze the security of the new cryptoscheme against extracting a private key from a public key and recovering a plaintext from a ciphertext on the assumption that an integer factorization problem, a discrete logarithm problem, and a low-density subset sum problem can be solved efficiently, and prove that the new cryptoscheme using random padding and random permutation is semantically secure. The analysis shows that the bit-pair method increases the density D of a related knapsack to a number more than 1, and decreases the modulus length lgM of the new cryptoscheme to 464, 544, or 640.
description: 16 Pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1408.5999
Ticagrelor versus Genotype-Driven Antiplatelet Therapy for Secondary Prevention after Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Creators: name: Rossi, Joseph S.
name: Jonas, Daniel E.
name: Crespin, Daniel J.
name: Biddle, Andrea K.
name: Federspiel, Jerome J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Clopidogrel’s effectiveness is likely reduced significantly for prevention of thrombotic events after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients exhibiting a decreased ability to metabolize clopidogrel into its active form. A genetic mutation responsible for this reduced effectiveness is detectable by genotyping. Ticagrelor is not dependent on gene-based metabolic activation and demonstrated greater clinical efficacy than clopidogrel in a recent secondary prevention trial. In 2011, clopidogrel will lose its patent protection and likely will be substantially less expensive than ticagrelor.
COMPORTAMENTO DOS PATOS – UMA REVISÃO SISTÊMICA
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Patos em Cativeiro
Domesticação
Comportamento Animal
Ducks in Captivity
Domestication
Animal Behavior

description: Esse artigo explora as motivações por trás da manutenção de patos em cativeiro solto, destacando a produção de alimentos, o controle de pragas agrícolas, a conexão com a natureza, o aspecto de animais de estimação e o compromisso com a conservação da vida selvagem. O texto também discute as origens da domesticação de patos, remontando ao Antigo Egito e à Ásia Oriental, onde os patos desempenharam papéis essenciais na alimentação e no controle de pragas. Além disso, a importância histórica dos patos na alimentação e agricultura é ressaltada, enfatizando seu papel na segurança alimentar e no desenvolvimento da agricultura ao longo da história.
 
This article explores the motivations behind keeping ducks in free-range captivity, highlighting food production, agricultural pest control, connection to nature, pet ownership, and commitment to wildlife conservation. The text also discusses the origins of duck domestication, dating back to Ancient Egypt and East Asia, where ducks played essential roles in food and pest control. Furthermore, the historical importance of ducks in food and agriculture is highlighted, emphasizing their role in food security and the development of agriculture throughout history.
title: Fotografie in der Kunsttherapie/Fototherapie
Creators: name: Steinwider, Verena
Year: 2022

description: In dieser Masterarbeit mit dem Thema „Fotografie in der Kunsttherapie/Fototherapie – Welche Möglichkeiten stellt sie für die Bildung des Menschen dar und worin liegen ihre Grenzen?“ geht es darum, aufzuzeigen, auf welche Art Bildung in einem Therapiesetting wie der Kunsttherapie vorkommt. Dabei wird der Fokus auf das bildnerische Medium der Kunsttherapie gelegt, vor allem die Fotografie. Zuerst werden theoretische Fakten erläutert, die zunächst darauf eingehen, was Kunsttherapie ist, welche Therapieformen und Anwendungsfelder es gibt. Daraufhin wird erläutert, welche Bedeutung Fotos haben, um daraufhin den Zusammenhang zwischen Kunsttherapie und Fotografie herzustellen. Hier geht es nun um die einzelnen Formen und Herangehensweisen von Fototherapie, die sich im Laufe der letzten 50 Jahre entwickelt haben. Um einen tatsächlichen Einblick in die bildende Komponente von Kunsttherapie zu bekommen, wurden auch vier Interviews geführt, die anhand der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring analysiert wurden.
Banks, Courts, and Bureaucrats: Apartment Foreclosures and Coercive Evictions in Chicago
Creators: name: Hiller, Matt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013

description: Since 2009, over 50,000 rental units in Chicago have gone into foreclosure, predominantly in low-income, minority neighborhoods. Despite paying rent and following the terms of their lease, tenants in foreclosed buildings are often forced out of their homes. Banks that take over foreclosed apartments often attempt to vacate residents through coercive methods such as turning off utilities, neglecting maintenance, and giving tenants misleading information. The paper examines the rights of tenants during the foreclosure process, and the challenges that government officials, social service agencies, and community activist groups face in responding to coercive eviction practices.
Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Trial of Labor After Cesarean in the United States
Creators: name: Gilbert, Sharon A.
name: Sorokin, Yoram
name: Grobman, William A.
name: Wapner, Ronald J.
name: Mercer, Brian M.
name: Landon, Mark B.
name: Sibai, Baha M.
name: Ramin, Susan M.
name: Varner, Michael W.
name: Thorp, John M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of a trial of labor after one previous cesarean (TOLAC) when incorporating long-term events and outcomes.
Amplitudes, Form Factors and the Dilatation Operator in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM Theory
Creators: name: Wilhelm, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the form factor of a generic gauge-invariant local composite operator in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory. At tree level and for a minimal number of external on-shell super fields, we find that the form factor precisely yields the spin-chain picture of integrability in the language of scattering amplitudes. Moreover, we compute the cut-constructible part of the one-loop correction to this minimal form factor via generalised unitarity. From its UV divergence, we obtain the complete one-loop dilatation operator of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory. Thus, we provide a field-theoretic derivation of a relation between the one-loop dilatation operator and the four-point tree-level amplitude which was observed earlier. We also comment on the implications of our findings in the context of integrability.
description: 39 pages, several figures, feynmp; v2: references added, typos corrected; v3: references added, typos corrected, one explanation improved, matches published version
US Valuation of Health Outcomes Measured Using the PROMIS-29
Creators: name: Hays, Ron D.
name: Simon Pickard, A.
name: Cella, David
name: Craig, Benjamin M.
name: Brown, Paul M.
name: Reeve, Bryce B.
name: Revicki, Dennis A.
name: Lipscomb, Joseph
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Health valuation studies enhance economic evaluations of treatments by estimating the value of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS) includes a 29-item short-form HRQOL measure, the PROMIS-29.
Effects of thermal rippling on the frictional properties of free-standing graphene
Creators: name: Smolyanitsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With use of simulated friction force microscopy, we study the effect of varying temperature on the frictional properties of suspended graphene. In contrast with the theory of thermally activated friction on the surfaces of three-dimensional materials, kinetic friction is demonstrated to both locally increase and decrease with increasing temperature, depending on sample size, scanning tip diameter, scanning rate, and the externally applied normal load. We attribute the observed effects to the thermally excited flexural ripples intrinsically present in graphene, demonstrating a unique case of temperature-dependent dynamic roughness in atomically thin membranes.
The Value Adults Place On Child Health And Functional Status
Creators: name: Reeve, Bryce B.
name: Brown, Derek S.
name: Craig, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: By summarizing the value adults place on child health and functional status, this study provides a new quantitative tool that enhances our understanding of the benefits of new health technologies and illustrates the potential contributions of existing datasets for comparative effectiveness research in pediatrics.
Regulation of tissue factor gene expression in monocytes and endothelial cells: Thromboxane A2 as a new player
Creators: name: Mackman, Nigel
name: Bode, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Tissue factor (TF) is the primary activator of the coagulation cascade. Under normal conditions, endothelial cells (ECs) and blood cells, such as monocytes, do not express TF. However, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces TF expression in monocytes and this leads to disseminated intravascular coagulation during endotoxemia and sepsis. A variety of stimuli induce TF expression in ECs in vitro, although it is unclear how much TF is expressed by the endothelium in vivo. LPS induction of TF gene expression in monocytic cells and ECs is mediated by various intracellular signaling pathways and the transcription factors NF-κB, AP-1 and Egr-1. In contrast, vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) induces TF gene expression in ECs via the transcription factors NFAT and Egr-1. Similarly, oxidized phospholipids (oxPAPC) induce TF expression in ECs and possibly monocytes via NFAT and Egr-1. Thromboxane (TX) A2 can now be added to the list of stimuli that induce TF gene expression in both monocytes and ECs. Interestingly, inhibition of the TX-prostanoid (TP) receptor also reduces TF expression in ECs stimulated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and monocytes stimulated with LPS, which suggests that TP receptor antagonist may be useful in reducing pathologic TF expression in the vasculature.
GOVERNANCE FORMATION IN A POST-INDUSTRIAL EUROPEAN CITY: THE CASE OF TURIN
Creators: name: FERRARESI, GIULIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: A partire dagli anni ?70, processi di globalizzazione, di ristrutturazione economica e deindustrializzazione hanno messo in discussione il modello di sviluppo Fordista-Keynesiano che aveva fino ad allora sostenuto la crescita nell?Occidente. Le citt� a tradizione manifatturiera, la cui crescita si era basata proprio sul processo produttivo Fordista, furono pesantemente colpite da queste trasformazioni: alti tassi di disoccupazione, un settore terziario poco sviluppato, declino demografico and ridotti livelli di benessere segnarono profondamente i centri industriali europei e nord americani. Alcune di queste citt�, tuttavia, sono riuscite a far partire un processo di ricostruzione su nuove premesse; questo sforzo si � sovente fondato sulla cooperazione tra attori politici e privati o, in altri termini, su una forma di governance urbana incentrata sulla cooperazione informale e su un ampio coinvolgimento di attori entro il processo politico. Torino � una di queste citt�. Storicamente uno dei cuori industriali d?Italia che, dopo pi� di un decennio di declino, persegu� un programma politico-economico orientato alla crescita, articolato su strategie come la ristrutturazione urbana, l?attrazione d?investimenti, la promozione di eventi culturali, l?investimento infrastrutturale e il marketing urbano. Svariati autori hanno sottolineato come tutto ci� fu reso possibile grazie al formarsi di una coalizione di governance urbana che, ridefinendo le regole del gioco politico, ha permesso di riunire risorse disperse, rafforzando la ?capacit� di governo? locale. Non si registra, per�, alcun tentativo di ricostruzione sistematica del processo causale che ha portato alla formazione del sistema di governance torinese. Entro il contesto della letteratura sulla governance, allo stesso modo, sono pochissimi i lavori che si sono occupati del processo di formazione della governance: alcune ipotesi generali sottolineano il ruolo, alternativamente, delle riforme istituzionali e della frammentazione organizzativa, che spingono entit� organizzative a definire nuovi percorsi di coordinamento; il ruolo delle pressioni isomorfiche che portano gli attori a riprodurre altre strutture organizzative di successo; infine, il ruolo della agency e l?influenza di idee e discorso. L?obiettivo di questa ricerca � di far luce sul processo di formazione della governance: l?idea fondamentale � che la governance urbana, in quanto fenomeno complesso, non pu� che essere studiato tramite un approccio di ricerca eclettico. Analizzando il caso di Torino, � mio obiettivo dimostrare che tutte le ipotesi sopra-menzionate ? riforma istituzionale e frammentazione, isomorfismo, agency e idee ? abbiano un ruolo centrale nel processo di formazione della governance.
title: Les inférences - Lector & Lectrix
title: un cas d'école ?
titleType: Subtitle
title: Les inférences - Lector & Lectrix
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bucher, Alexandre
name: Dubois, Michaël
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Stratégie
subject: compréhension
subject: lecture
subject: inférence
subject: Lector & Lectrix
subject: moyen d’enseignement

description: Il nous est vite apparu que l’enseignement des stratégies de compréhension dans les classes était sous-estimé et relativement peu pratiqué par les enseignants dans le cycle scolaire 2. Cet enjeu est primordial pour la réussite des élèves en lecture. Aujourd’hui, nous nous rendons compte à quel point un nombre important d’élèves savent lire sans comprendre forcément le sens de ce qu’ils lisent. L’école actuelle a pour mission d’enseigner entre autres la lecture aux jeunes apprenants car elle répond à une pression sociale et politique très forte. La société attend des établissements scolaires qu’ils enseignent des stratégies de compréhension en lecture afin que les élèves aient la capacité de décoder et de comprendre ce qu’ils lisent au sortir de l’école obligatoire. A la fin de leur scolarité, les enfants doivent être en mesure de maîtriser différentes stratégies, dont notamment celles des inférences, afin d’être capables de comprendre et porter un esprit critique vis-à-vis de divers genres textuels. La mise en oeuvre de diverses stratégies de compréhension permet aux jeunes apprenants de développer l’habileté à les mettre en pratique lorsqu’ils sont seuls face aux textes et ainsi de devenir autonomes et polyvalents dans divers contextes. (Godbout, Turcotte & Giguère, 2016). Au travers de ce mémoire, nous avons cherché à vérifier si une séquence portant sur les inférences, issue d’un moyen d’enseignement réputé tel que Lector et Lectrix (Cèbe et Goigoux, 2009), pouvait permettre à des élèves de 6e Harmos d’améliorer leurs compétences sur cette stratégie de compréhension. Nous avons mesuré ces résultats au travers de questionnaires donnés à deux classes au sein du même établissement. La lecture de ce travail offre à son lecteur une opportunité de se rendre compte de l’importance d’enseigner les stratégies de compréhension en lecture.
Real Space Imaging of Spin Polarons in Zn Doped SrCu2(BO3)2
Creators: name: Yoshida, M.
name: Kobayashi, H.
name: Yamauchi, I.
name: Takigawa, M.
name: Capponi, S.
name: Poilblanc, D.
name: Mila, F.
name: Kudo, K.
name: Koike, Y.
name: Kobayashi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the real space profile of spin polarons in the quasi two-dimensional frustrated dimer spin system SrCu2(BO3)2 doped with 0.16% of Zn. The 11B nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum exhibits 15 additional boron sites near non-magnetic Zn impurities. With the help of exact diagonalizations of finite clusters, we have deduced from the boron spectrum the distribution of local magnetizations at the Cu sites with fine spatial resolution, providing direct evidence for an extended spin polaron. The results are confronted with those of other experiments performed on doped and undoped samples of SrCu2(BO3)2.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, including supplemental materials. accepted for publication in PRL
HYBRID MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES BASED ON POLYMERIC MATERIALS FUNCTIONALIZED FOR CELL BIOLOGY APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: SANTANIELLO, TOMMASO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: The present thesis work deals with the development of a novel manufacturing protocol for the realization of excimer laser micro-patterned freestanding hydrogel layers (50 � 300 ?m thickness) based on thermo-responsive poly-(N-isopropyl)acrylamide (PNIPAAm) which can operate as temperature-triggered actuators for cells-on-chip applications. PNIPAAm based thin films are synthesized in house and manufactured by an injection/compression molding based technique in order to obtain flat hydrogels attached to rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrates to facilitate laser focusing. Laser machining parameters were empirically optimized to fabricate arrays of through-holes with entrance diameter ranging from 30 ?m to 150 ?m and having different exit diameter (from 10 to 20 ?m) on the PNIPAAm employing a stencil aluminum mask. After laser processing, the micro-structured layers are detached from the PVC using a chemical treatment and then swollen in pure water. The KrF excimer laser machined through-holes can be reversibly modulated in terms of size as a consequence of the polymer volumetric phase transition induced by a temperature change above the critical value of 32 �C. Thermo-responsiveness characterization was carried out on the detached water swollen freestanding layers using a thermostat bath, by changing the temperature from 18 �C to 39 �C and each sample could undergo multiple cycles. As a result of the polymer water loss, the shrinkage of the layer caused the holes to homogeneously shrink along, thus reducing their original size of about the 50% in the polymer collapsed state. To prove the functionality of these stimuli-responsive smart surfaces in the frame of cells-on-chip systems, they were integrated in a multilayer microfluidic device to operate as self-regulating cell sorting actuators for single cell assays applications. Using mechanical fastening as the packaging strategy, the hydrated hydrogel is sealed between two micro-milled poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) components, which are providing the fluid accesses and ducts to the cell suspension to be flown over the thermo-responsive actuator (top layer) and the well to collect the sorted sample (bottom layer). The device is also endowed with a thin transparent heater to control the microfluidic chip temperature. When the system is assembled, the temperature-triggered actuation mechanism was exploited to trap a cellular sample in the shrunken exit hole on the top of the hydrogel layer by applying a negative pressure across the film via the bottom PMMA component when the system is kept at 37 �C. Subsequently, the sorting of the trapped cell took place through the micro-capillary when the polymer natural relaxation at room temperature toward its initial state occurred; the operational principle of the device was proved using MG63 cells as a model cell line by monitoring the sorting through the size-modulating structures using optical microscopy.
A Hoare-like logic of asserted single-pass instruction sequences
Creators: name: Bergstra, J. A.
name: Middelburg, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; F.3.1

description: We present a formal system for proving the partial correctness of a single-pass instruction sequence as considered in program algebra by decomposition into proofs of the partial correctness of segments of the single-pass instruction sequence concerned. The system is similar to Hoare logics, but takes into account that, by the presence of jump instructions, segments of single-pass instruction sequences may have multiple entry points and multiple exit points. It is intended to support a sound general understanding of the issues with Hoare-like logics for low-level programming languages.
description: 22 pages, the preliminaries have textual overlaps with the preliminaries in arXiv:1402.4950 [cs.LO] and earlier papers; introduction and conclusions rewritten, explanatory remarks added; introduction partly rewritten; 24 pages, clarifying examples added
Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferi Aggregates
Creators: name: Srivastava, Siddharth Y.
name: de Silva, Aravinda M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Lyme disease is caused by the tick-borne spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. It has been documented that B. burgdorferi form aggregates within ticks and during in vitro culture. However, Borrelia aggregates remain poorly characterized, and their functional significance is unknown. Here we have characterized Borrelia aggregates using microscopy and flow cytometry. Borrelia aggregation was temperature, pH, and growth phase dependent. Environmental conditions (high temperature, low pH, and high cell density) favorable for aggregation were similar to the conditions that increased the expression of B. burgdoferi genes, such as outer surface protein C (ospC), that are regulated by the RpoN/RpoS sigma factors. Experiments were conducted to determine if there is a relationship between aggregation and gene regulation through the RpoN/RpoS pathway. ospC Transcript levels were similar between aggregates and free cells. Moreover, no differences were observed in aggregate formation when null mutants of rpoS, rpoN, or ospC were compared to wild-type spirochetes. These results indicated that, despite the similar external signals that promoted aggregation and the RpoN/RpoS pathway, the two processes were not linked at the molecular level. The methods developed here to study B. burgdorferi aggregates will be useful for further studies on spirochete aggregates.
EPIGENETICS OF ENERGY METABOLISM: FOCUS ON CLASS I HISTONE DEACETYLASES
Creators: name: FERRARI, ALESSANDRA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Enviromental and nutritional stimuli can affect chromatin modifications. Several evidences highlighted the role of epigenetics in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Among the epigenetic modifications, the acetylation/deacetylation of histone tails it has been associated to metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes that are often linked with defects in oxidative metabolism. In this doctorate thesis it has been investigated the effect of the selective inhibition of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) in metabolic profile and functionality of key organs participating in energy metabolism. Cultured myotubes and primary brown adipocytes treated with a class I-specific HDAC inhibitor showed higher expression of Pgc-1?, increased mitochondrial biogenesis, and augmented oxygen consumption. In vitro and in vivo ChIP experiments suggested that these beneficial effects are mediated by inhibition of HDAC3. Treatment of diet induced obese mice with a class I-selective HDAC inhibitor MS275 reduced body weight and improved glucose tolerance. Moreover inhibition of class I HDACs increased thermogenic capacity and brown adipose tissue (BAT) functionality, reduced abdominal fat and decreased size of subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes. Visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissues from these mice showed higher expression of functionality markers, along with enhanced oxidative metabolism. Interestingly in this mouse model MS275 was able to induce browning of visceral white adipose tissue. In vitro experiments indicated that early inhibition of class I HDACs in adipose precursors reprograms cell fate of adipose precursors toward an oxidative and more functional adipose phenotype.
In Vivo Imaging of Chikungunya Virus in Mice and Aedes Mosquitoes Using a Renilla Luciferase Clone
Creators: name: Nuckols, John
name: Huang, Yan-Jang Scott
name: McGee, Charles E.
name: Ziegler, Sarah A.
name: Higgs, Stephen
name: Vanlandingham, Dana L.
name: Tesh, Robert B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that in humans causes an acute febrile illness characterized by fever, arthralgia, and rash. It is currently associated with large outbreaks in Asia, Africa, and islands of the Indian Ocean and has been introduced from these tropical regions into Europe, where local transmission has been recorded on two occasions. The underlying basis of the pathogenesis of CHIKV and related alphaviruses that produce similar symptoms remains unclear. By applying new techniques, for example, in vivo imaging in live animals and arthropods, we may improve our understanding of viral pathogenesis in vertebrates and viral replication in mosquitoes. This technical report describes the evaluation of a CHIKV–luciferase clone to visualize infection and dissemination in both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and mice. In mosquitoes, luciferase activity was seen at 3 and 7 days post-infection in both head and abdomens. In vivo imaging of CHIKV–luciferase was detected in mice for up to 5 days post-infection at the site of inoculation with limited dissemination to the skeletal muscle.
Instabilities and relaxation to equilibrium in long-range oscillator chains
Creators: name: Miloshevich, George
name: Nguenang, Jean-Pierre
name: Dauxois, Thierry
name: Khomeriki, Ramaz
name: Ruffo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study instabilities and relaxation to equilibrium in a long-range extension of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou (FPU) oscillator chain by exciting initially the lowest Fourier mode. Localization in mode space is stronger for the long-range FPU model. This allows us to uncover the sporadic nature of instabilities, i.e., by varying initially the excitation amplitude of the lowest mode, which is the control parameter, instabilities occur in narrow amplitude intervals. Only for sufficiently large values of the amplitude, the system enters a permanently unstable regime. These findings also clarify the long-standing problem of the relaxation to equilibrium in the short-range FPU model. Because of the weaker localization in mode space of this latter model, the transfer of energy is retarded and relaxation occurs on a much longer time-scale.
THE NEUTROPHIL ANTI-TUMORAL RESPONSE IN CANCER: ROLE OF ACKR2 AND CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS
Creators: name: MASSARA, MATTEO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: Chemokines are key mediators of inflammation and are involved in both extrinsic and intrinsic pathway of cancer. Their main function is to induce leukocyte migration through the binding of specific seven transmembrane receptors. Beside canonical chemokine receptor a smaller family of atypical chemokine receptors was described. ACKR2 binds with high affinity a broad panel of CC inflammatory chemokines mediating their internalization and intracellular degradation. Due to its chemokine scavenging activity, ACKR2 plays a protective role in chronic inflammation and in the extrinsic pathway of cancer. The objective of my thesis was to investigate the role of ACKR2 in the intrinsic pathway of cancer using the NeuT (HER2) murine model of oncogene-driven breast cancer crossed with ACKR2 KO mice. In this model, we found that ACKR2 plays a dual an opposite role. It slows the primary tumor development while it promotes lung metastasis. We found the same phenotype on metastasis using the orthotopically transplanted 4T1 mammary carcinoma and melanoma B16F10 cell lines were we demonstrated that ACKR2 expression in the hematopoietic compartment acts as a negative regulator of the mobilization of neutrophils with anti-metastatic function. In the last part of my thesis we also investigated the phenotype of circulating and tumor associated neutrophils (TANs) in glioma patients, a tumor context characterized by blood neutrophilia and a general immunosuppressive state. We found a higher grade of neutrophilia and an increased rate of immature neutrophils in high grade comparing low grade glioma patients. Finally, we found that the relative abundance of circulating neutrophils on total leukocytes positively correlates with relative abundance of TANs. Collectively taken, these results indicate that neutrophils are a heterogeneous population with both pro and anti-tumoral functions. Targeting of neutrophils in cancer context represent a potential therapeutic approach that limit their pro-tumoral role unleashing the anti-tumoral and anti-metastatic potential.
Molecular characterization of canine BCR-ABL-positive chronic myelomonocytic leukemia before and after chemotherapy
Creators: name: Culver, Sarah
name: Modiano, Jaime F.
name: Bell, Jerold S.
name: Breen, Matthew
name: Ito, Daisuke
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Genetic aberrations linked to tumorigenesis have been identified in both canine and human hematopoietic malignancies. While the response of human patients to cancer treatments is often evaluated using cytogenetic techniques, this approach has not been used for dogs with comparable neoplasias. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of cytogenetic techniques to evaluate the cytogenetic response of canine leukemia to chemotherapy. Cytology and flow cytometric techniques were used to diagnose chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in a dog. High-resolution oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization (oaCGH) and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to identify and characterize DNA copy number aberrations (CNAs) and targeted structural chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood WBC at the time of diagnosis and following one week of chemotherapy. At the time of diagnosis, oaCGH indicated the presence of 22 distinct CNAs, of which trisomy of dog chromosome 7 (CFA 7) was the most evident. FISH analysis revealed that this CNA was present in 42% of leukemic cells; in addition, a breakpoint cluster region-Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog (BCR-ABL) translocation was evident in 17.3% of cells. After one week of treatment, the percentage of cells affected by trisomy of CFA7 and BCR-ABL translocation was reduced to 2% and 3.3%, respectively. Chromosome aberrations in canine leukemic cells may be monitored by molecular cytogenetic techniques to demonstrate cytogenetic remission following treatment. Further understanding of the genetic aberrations involved in canine leukemia may be crucial to improve treatment protocols.
Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment in a $SU(4) \otimes U(1)_N$ Model
Creators: name: Cogollo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the muon anomalous magnetic moment in an electroweak model based on the gauge symmetry $SU(4)_L\otimes U(1)_N$, which has right-handed neutrinos in its spectrum, and no flavor changing neutral currents at tree level. We discuss relevant collider and electroweak constraints on the model, and derive the most stringent upper bounds on the scale of symmetry breaking based on the corrections to the muon magnetic moment. We conclude that a scale of symmetry breaking of around 2TeV might explain the muon magnetic moment anomaly. In case the anomaly is otherwise resolved, using the current and projected sensitive of g-2 experiments, we rule out scales of symmetry breaking smaller than 3.5TeV (5.5TeV) at $1σ$ level.
VH1-44 gene usage defines a subset of canine B-cell lymphomas associated with better patient survival
Creators: name: Richards, Kristy L.
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wei
name: Small, George W.
name: Motsinger-Reif, Alison
name: Suter, Steven E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The use of specific immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH) genes has been associated with increased patient survival in human B-cell lymphomas (hBCL). Given the similarity of human and canine BCL (cBCL) in morphology and clinical treatment, we examined the choice of VH in cBCL and determined whether VH gene selection was a distinct feature associated with survival time in dogs. VH gene selection and mutational status in 52 cBCL, including 29 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (cDLBCL, the most common subtype of cBCL), were analyzed by comparison with the 80 published canine germline VH gene sequences. We further examined the prognostic impact of the subgroups defined by these features on canine survival. We found that VH1-44 was preferentially expressed in the majority of the 52 cBCLs (60%) as well as in the majority of the cDLBCL subset (59%). VH1-44 gene expression was associated with a statistically better overall survival (p=0.039) in cBCL patients, as well as in the cDLBCL subset of patients (p=0.038). These findings suggest that VH gene selection in cBCL is not random and may therefore have functional implications for cBCL lymphomagenesis, in addition to being a useful prognostic biomarker.