cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resonance Raman Spectro-Electrochemistry to Illuminate Photo-Induced Molecular Reaction Pathways
Creators: name: Zedler, Linda
name: Krieck, Sven
name: Kupfer, Stephan
name: Dietzek, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: UV-vis
subject: resonance Raman
subject: in situ spectro-electrochemistry
subject: TDDFT
subject: ruthenium bis-terpyridine complex
subject: 620

description: Electron transfer reactions play a key role for artificial solar energy conversion, however, the underlying reaction mechanisms and the interplay with the molecular structure are still poorly understood due to the complexity of the reaction pathways and ultrafast timescales. In order to investigate such light-induced reaction pathways, a new spectroscopic tool has been applied, which combines UV-vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy at multiple excitation wavelengths with electrochemistry in a thin-layer electrochemical cell to study [RuII(tbtpy)2]2+ (tbtpy = tri-tert-butyl-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine) as a model compound for the photo-activated electron donor in structurally related molecular and supramolecular assemblies. The new spectroscopic method substantiates previous suggestions regarding the reduction mechanism of this complex by localizing photo-electrons and identifying structural changes of metastable intermediates along the reaction cascade. This has been realized by monitoring selective enhancement of Raman-active vibrations associated with structural changes upon electronic absorption when tuning the excitation wavelength into new UV-vis absorption bands of intermediate structures. Additional interpretation of shifts in Raman band positions upon reduction with the help of quantum chemical calculations provides a consistent picture of the sequential reduction of the individual terpyridine ligands, i.e., the first reduction results in the monocation [(tbtpy)Ru(tbtpy•)]+, while the second reduction generates [(tbtpy•)Ru(tbtpy•)]0 of triplet multiplicity. Therefore, the combination of this versatile spectro-electrochemical tool allows us to deepen the fundamental understanding of light-induced charge transfer processes in more relevant and complex systems.
title: The Potash Status of Utah Soils
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Sukhendu Bikas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1949

description: Potassium is one of the essential plant nutrient elements. It is used by plants in the synthesis and distribution of carbohydrates (25)2 and in the formation of proteins and oils. Potassium also seems to exert many of its effects by influencing enzymatic activity in cells.
Potassium occurs as the monovalent cation on plant cells and undoubtedly exerts important effects upon such phnomona as the permiability of the cytoplasmic membranes and hydration of protoplasma. Plants assimilate potassium either from the soil solution or directly from the exchange complex.
title: American Indian Transportation: Issues and Successful Models
Creators: name: Shawn, Kelly
name: Hensley-Quinn, Maureen
name: Community Transportation Association of America
Publisher: name: National Rural Transit Assistance Program (U.S.)
Year: 2006
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91592
subject: Native Americans
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88668
subject: Financing
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87959
subject: Rural transit
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91490
subject: Economic growth
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97205
subject: States

description: National Transit Resource Center, InfoBrief, No. 28;7p. in various pagings
description: Part I of this brief will identify issues, funding opportunities under the reauthorized national transit law – Safe Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act a Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU), and benefits of investing in tribal transportation programs. Part II of this brief includes case studies that provide examples of successful tribal transit models. And finally, helpful resources are listed on the last page of this brief.
Acute Bihemispheric Stroke from a Single Carotid Source: Risk Factors, Mechanisms and Outcome
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Background— Mechanisms and natural history of acute bihemispheric strokes (ABSs) from a single carotid sourceare little known. Aim of our study was to identify risk factors, mechanisms and outcome in ABS from a single carotidsource in a consecutive series of ABS patients.Methods— From the ASTRAL registry (2003-2018) we retrospectively selected patients with acute ischemiclesion(s) in one or both carotid territories confirmed on brain DWI-MRI, significant carotid artery disease (>50%stenosis or acute dissection) in the arterial territory(ies) involved, and no other concomitant stroke etiology. Baselinefeatures and outcome of patients with ABS were compared to all patients with unilateral ischemic lesions and to agroup matched for age, grade of stenosis and etiology of the carotid disease (atherosclerosis or dissection).Results— We included 184 patients having median age of 65.3 years (IQR 53.5-77.1) and median NIHSS of 6.Twenty-three patients (12.5%) had ABS, while 161 had unilateral lesions. In the multivariate analysis of the matchedcohort, patients with ABS had significantly lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on admission (OR 0.96; 95%CI0.92-1.00, p=0.04), more frequently contralateral internal carotid (ICA) occlusion (OR 49.79; 95% CI 2.99-829.82,p=0.01) and absence of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) (OR 14.28; 95%CI 3.03-100, p=0.00). ABS was as-sociated with lower probability of 3-month functional independence (adjOR 0.24; 95%CI 0.06-0.92, p=0.04).Conclusions— Bihemispheric stroke may occur in stroke patients with a single carotid source. Their associationwith lower admission DPB, contralateral ICA occlusion and absence of ACoA suggests contralateral hypoperfusionas the main mechanism.
Quantum entanglement in mixed-spin trimer: Effects of a magnetic field and heterogeneous g-factors
Creators: name: Adamyan, Zhirayr
name: Ohanyan, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixed spin-(1/2,1/2,1) trimer with two different Landé g-factors and two different exchange couplings is considered. The main feature of the model is non-conserving magnetization. The Hamiltonian of the system is diagonalized analytically. We presented a detailed analysis of the ground state properties, revealing several possible ground state phase diagrams and magnetization profiles. The main focus is on how non-conserving magnetization affects quantum entanglement. We have found that non-conserving magnetization can bring to the continuous dependence of the entanglement quantifying parameter (negativity) on magnetic field within the same eigenstate, while for the case of uniform $g$-factors it is a constant. The main result is an essential enhancement of the entanglement in case of uniform couplings for one pair of spins caused by an arbitrary small difference in the values of $g$-factors. This enhancement is robust and brings to almost 7-fold increasing of the negativity. We have also found weakening of entanglement for other cases. Thus, non-conserving magnetization offers a broad opportunity to manipulate the entanglement by means of magnetic field.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures
title: A Study of the Equilibria Between Bentonite and the Various Replacing Agents in Alcoholic and Water Solutions
Creators: name: Fletcher, Joel E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1937

description: Investigators in soils have long recognized the importance of the colloidal fraction of soil, and also the almost inseparable problem of replaceable bases. It is generally accepted that the replaceable base fraction of a colloid controls to a large degree the physical properties exhibited by it. Volumes of work have been written on the problem of controlling the reactions of this fraction and on studies of the properties exhibited by it when it is saturated with various cations. Each worker has proceeded in his own individual way or followed the example set by some previous worker with specific modifications.
title: Principles of Irrigation Farming as Developed by American Field Experiments
Creators: name: Sikka, Prabh Dyall
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1930

description: Irrigation is "the artificial application of water to the soil for the purpose of getting large and steady crop yields". It is supplementary to rainfall and the quantity of water applied and the time of application, therefore, must be determined by the character of the rainfall. Irrigation is usually practiced in those regions which have low rainfall as natural precipitation at such places is insufficient to meet the full water requirements of crops.
ESMARConf2021 Session 5 - Research Weaving (livestream)
Creators: name: Grainger, Matthew
name: Haddaway, Neal
name: Hennessy, Emily A.
name: Keenan, Ciara
name: McGuinness, Luke
name: Westgate, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Presenter: Sarah Young Title: What can networks tell us in an evidence and gap map context? Vegetated strips in agricultural fields as a case study Presenters: Tim Alamenciak and Dorian Pomezanski Title: Analyzing Canadian ecological restoration literature with bibliometric analysis and a systematic map Presenter: Loretta Gasparini Title: Introducing metalabR: A package to facilitate living meta-analyses and dynamic meta-analytic visualizations The speakers are joined by Shinichi Nakagawa for a panel discussion Facilitator: Neal Haddaway
title: Studies on the Comparative Value of the Hot Treatment (Krantz Patent) and Common Methods of Handling Barnyard Manure
Creators: name: Winkler, Orval E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1934

description: Antidating written human history the dung of animals, chalk, marl, wood ashes and other substances were probably used to increase the productivity of the soil. These practises found their way into the earliest farming activities of the Chinese, Persians, Greeks and Romans. (3)(11) In the Hebrew scriptures mention is made of the "Dung Gate". (10) This was undoubtedly a place given to the marketing of manures. That manure was used as a soil amendment in Asia Minor in Biblical times is not questioned. The famous Roman agricultural writer Cato (234 B.C.) wrote at length on manures and their handling. He gave bird manure preference and spoke of the manurial value of legumes. (3) Jethro Tull believed tillage was manure and contended that manures only benefit the soil because of improved physical condition after application. Liebig, the well known German agricultural chemist, gave prominence to the theory that small quantities of minerals added to the soil would suffice as manure. (1) Today the general ideas of soil fertility and the use of manures and fertilizers incorporates the views of these earlier students with better explanations of the relationships of one usage to the other. (19)(26)(29)(30) The study here reported is limited to other methods of handling barnyard manure and particularly to the recent development in Germany of what is known as "Hot Processing."
Optical conductivity of metal nanofilms and nanowires: The rectangular-box model
Creators: name: Kurbatsky, Valery P.
name: Pogosov, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductivity tensor is introduced for the low-dimensional electron systems. Within the particle-in-a-box model and the diagonal response approximation, components of the conductivity tensor for a quasi-homogeneous ultrathin metal film and wire are calculated under the assumption $d\cong λ_{\rm F}$ (where $d$ is the characteristic small dimension of the system, $λ_{\rm F}$ is the Fermi wavelength for bulk metal). We find the transmittance of ultrathin films and compare these results with available experimental data. The analytical estimations for the size dependence of the Fermi level are presented, and the oscillations of the Fermi energy in ultrathin films and wires are computed. Our results demonstrate the strong size and frequency dependences of the real and imaginary parts of the conductivity components in the infrared range. A sharp distinction of the results for Au and Pb is observed and explained by the difference in the relaxation time of these metals.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
title: MARAD : Office of Cargo Preference : list of U.S.-Flag vessels
title: MARAD : Office of Cargo Preference and Domestic Trade : U.S. Flag Services
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: United States Maritime Administration
Publisher: name: United States Maritime Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/055hae320
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93352
subject: Cargo ships
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93350
subject: Merchant vessels
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97453
subject: Directories

description: 14p. in various pagings
description: Alphabetical listing of U.S.-flagged cargo vessels and their carriers.
title: A Study of the Seasonal History of Alfalfa Flowers as Related to Seed Production
Creators: name: Carlson, John W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1927

description: A few researches have been concerned with the structure and pollination of alfalfa flowers. Others have considered the biological problems concerned in the pollination and fecundation of the flowers. In none of these studies, however, has an attempt been made to follow carefully the alfalfa flowers through various stages of development. Nor has any effort been made to determine what effect the condition and duration of these stages may have upon the resulting seed crop
The work that follows is a study of the changes through which the alfalfa flowers pass during the season while functioning as organs of seed production. Special effort has been made to study the condition and duration of the stages as they are related to the subsequent seed crop.
title: Numerical simulation of bubble shape and heat transfer during nucleate pool boiling of FC-72
Creators: name: Ishibashi, Hikaru
name: Ota, Koki
name: Stephan, Peter
name: Okajima, Junnosuke
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: In this study, we performed numerical simulations of nucleate boiling to evaluate the formation of microlayer, which isthin liquid film forming on the heated solid surface. To evaluate the formation condition of microlayer of FC-72, numerical simulations were performed for three wall superheat conditions of 5 K, 10 K, and 15 K. As the result, the microlayer is formed under the wall superheat of 15 K. In addition, the influence of microlayer formation on the heat transfer was significant, indicating that the wall surface temperature decreased the most when the superheat was 15 K.
title: Home/School/Community Factors Which Compete With Time High School Students Spend on Homework
Creators: name: Sadler, John A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1992

description: Home/school/community factors of student jobs, extracurricular activities, church activities, community activities, family activities, and television watching were examined to determine the relationship between these factors and the time students spent on homework. Two hundred forty-seven high school students were used as subjects. A student time log and questionnaire were developed and used to collect the data. Eight students were closely examined through case studies. When time spent on homework was correlated with time spent at a job, the results were strongly negative (r = -.89). Time spent on homework was moderately correlated (r= + .46) with time spent in extracurricular activities. When time spent on homework was correlated with time spent in family activities, the results were moderately negative (r= -.41 ). Time spent on homework was moderately correlated (r= +.64) with time spent in church activities. When time spent on homework was correlated with time spent watching television, the results were strongly negative (r = -.77). No statistically significant difference was found between the number of conflicts above average students reported doing homework and the number of conflicts below average students reported doing homework. A call was made for parents, students, and school personnel to beware of the possible negative effects of students spending excessive time at jobs, watching television, and in extracurricular activities.
Transverse distortion and single-spin asymmetries for low-lying octet baryons
Creators: name: Kaur, Navpreet
name: Dahiya, Harleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Being the fountainhead of transverse distortion and asymmetries in accordance to $``SSA=GPD \ast FSI\,"$, we study the spin flip generalized parton distribution. We demonstrate this transverse deformation by using the quark-scalar diquark model and unveil a comparison among the low-lying strange baryons for distinct feasible combinations of quark-diquark pairs. Final-state interaction originating the correlation of a target spin and a virtual photon to the generated pion plane in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering has also been analyzed.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures and 2 tables
title: Temperature and Atmospheric Humidity as Factors Influencing Seed Setting in Alfalfa
Creators: name: Clark, Lealand A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1931

description: For many years seed growers have thought that definite relationships existed between seed production and the weather. When this subject is approached there is little unity of opinion, even among neighboring seed growers. This lack of unity would indicate that growers generally are aware of some cause which affects seed setting, but they are not certain that any particular condition of the weather is the chief contributing factor. Scientific writers1 on the subject are also confident that weather is probably one of the major factors influencing seed production.
title: Seed and Forage Production in Four Clonal Lines of Alfalfa as Influenced by Lygus Infestation
Creators: name: Noyes, John Keith
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1949

description: No other forage crop cultivated in the United States can be used in as many ways as alfalfa. The variety of its uses make it a most useful forage crop.
The distribution of alfalfa is world wide and it plays a leading role in the production of livestock and their products. For general feeding of farm animals, alfalfa is unsurpassed. Used for pasture, it has a high capacity, which leads to large gains in grasing animals. If properly rotated and cared for, it adds nitrogen to the soil in a form that is available to plants and thereby increases crop yields. In addition to these assets, alfalfa is a valuable source of essential nutrients and vitamins for livestock.
Geology and mineralization in the Lorraine property area : Omineca Mining Division, British Columbia.
Creators: name: Koo, J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Lorraine property area occupies the north eastern part of the Duckling Creek syenite located within the central part of the Hogem batholith in British Columbia. The rocks of the Lorraine property area consist of "metasomatic syenites" or "fenites" formed by the metasomatism of the fractured Hogem diorite. They are believed to have been derived from a hypothetical alkaline magma formed beneath the diorite. The residual magma differentiated from the alkaline magma, produced late dykes and hydrothermal fluid. A K-Ar date, 170±8 m. y.(Lower Jurassic) may correspond to both the minimum age of the fenites and the maximum age of the sulphide mineralization at the Lorraine property. Also, the age may mark the time point dividing the first division and the second division of the Hogem batholith. The characteristic minerals of the successive stages of alteration are 1. biotite, 2. albite, 3. orthoclase, if. quartz, 5. sericite, 6. chlorite, and 7. epidote. The altering fluid contained concentrations of soda, potash, silica, hydrogen sulphide, water, and a minor amount of lime. The primary sulphides are bornite, chalcopyrite, and pyrite. The Lorraine deposit posseses no noticeable gossan, but contains secondary copper minerals such as covellite, chalcocite, azurite and malachite. The deposit is divided in plan into three mineral zones on the basis of the primary sulphide assemblages. The dykes, mafic rocks, and fractures were the main controls of mineralization. The composition of the hydro thermal, fluid changed as sulphur reacted with iron of the host rock to form pyrite. The reduced sulphur ratio appears to have caused deposition of bornite and chalcopyrite. In the mineral zones pyrite was replaced progressively by chalcopyrite and bornite. The best classification for the Lorraine deposit is xenothermal.
title: Genetic Study of Certain Spike and Floral Characters in Barley
Creators: name: Koonce, Dwight
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1931

description: Due to the commercial importance of barley many hybridization studies have been prosecuted in an effort to produce superior economic strains. While the economic breeding is still important, at present there is considerable scientific interest int he inheritance of the characters and in the location of the genes in the different linkage groups.
Barley is rather favorable genetic material for such study. There is a great number of cultivated varieties and strains which differ widely in heritable characters. Barley can be grown under a wide range of climatic conditions and will produce rather large F2 families. The fact that it has only seven chromosomes makes linkage studies more feasible than in wheat or oats with their greater chromosome complements.
The characters studied in this paper are: black versus white glume color, long haired versus short haired rachilla, rough versus smooth awns, and branched versus unbranched style.
Quark spin-orbit correlations in spin-0 and spin-1 mesons using the light-front quark model
Creators: name: Acharyya, Ritwik
name: Puhan, Satyajit
name: Dahiya, Harleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the spin-orbital angular momentum correlations for the active quark inside the light and heavy mesons for both the spin-0 and spin-1 cases. These correlations can be derived from the generalised transverse momentum dependent distributions (GTMDs) as well as the generalised parton distributions (GPDs). We employ the overlap representation of light-front wave functions in the light-front quark model (LFQM) to calculate our analytical results. The dependence of spin-orbit correlations (SOCs) on the longitudinal momentum fraction $x$ as well as the transverse momentum dependence $\mathbf{k}_{\perp}$ has been graphically presented. Even though the SOCs have already been studied for the spin-0 pions and kaons in other approaches, no calculations for the other light and heavy spin-0 mesons have been reported in literature. Further, the correlations for any of the light and heavy spin-1 mesons have been studied for the first time in the present work.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables
Generalization of symmetric $α$-stable Lévy distributions for $q>1$
Creators: name: Umarov, Sabir
name: Tsallis, Constantino
name: Gell-Mann, Murray
name: Steinberg, Stanly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $α$-stable distributions introduced by Lévy play an important role in probabilistic theoretical studies and their various applications, e.g., in statistical physics, life sciences, and economics. In the present paper we study sequences of long-range dependent random variables whose distributions have asymptotic power law decay, and which are called $(q,α)$-stable distributions. These sequences are generalizations of i.i.d. $α$-stable distributions, and have not been previously studied. Long-range dependent $(q,α)$-stable distributions might arise in the description of anomalous processes in nonextensive statistical mechanics, cell biology, finance. The parameter $q$ controls dependence. If $q=1$ then they are classical i.i.d. with $α$-stable Lévy distributions. In the present paper we establish basic properties of $(q,α)$-stable distributions, and generalize the result of Umarov, Tsallis and Steinberg (2008), where the particular case $α=2, q\in [1,3),$ was considered, to the whole range of stability and nonextensivity parameters $α\in (0,2]$ and $q \in [1,3),$ respectively. We also discuss possible further extensions of the results that we obtain, and formulate some conjectures.
description: 15 pages including 1 figure. In the new version some new references have been included. To appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics (scheduled for February 2010)
An integrated 3.1-5.1 GHz pulse generator for ultra-wideband wireless localization systems
Creators: name: Fan, X.
name: Fischer, G.
name: Dietrich, B.
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Binary phase shift keying
subject: Broadband networks
subject: Gaussian distribution
subject: Passive filters
subject: Phase shift
subject: Phase shift keying
subject: Pulse generators
subject: Pulse shaping
subject: Pulse shaping circuits
subject: Semiconducting silicon
subject: Variable frequency oscillators
subject: Wireless telecommunication systems
subject: Binary Phase Shift Keying(BPSK)
subject: Carrier frequency
subject: Federal communications commission
subject: Indoor communication systems
subject: Measured results
subject: SiGe:C BiCMOS technology
subject: Total power consumption
subject: Ultra-wideband wireless
subject: Ultra-wideband (UWB)
subject: 530

description: This paper presents an implementation of an integrated Ultra-wideband (UWB), Binary-Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) Gaussian modulated pulse generator. VCO, multiplier and passive Gaussian filter are the key components. The VCO provides the carrier frequency of 4.1 GHz, the LC Gaussian filter is responsible for the pulse shaping in the baseband. Multiplying the baseband pulse and the VCO frequency shifts the pulse to the desired center frequency. The generated Gaussian pulse ocupppies the frequency range from 3.1 to 5.1 GHz with the center frequency at 4.1 GHz. Simulations and measured results show that this spectrum fulfills the mask for indoor communication systems given by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission, 2002). The total power consumption is 55 mW using a supply voltage of 2.5 V. Circuits are realized using the IHP 0.25 μm SiGe:C BiCMOS technology.
title: Inheritance Studies and Possible Linkage Relationships in Barley Involving Five Factor Pairs
Creators: name: Byington, Freeman J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1940

description: Many studies on inheritance in barley have been made, but very little progress has as yet been obtained. Barley in many ways is an attractive plant with which to make inheritance studies. Unlike common wheat with 21 chromosome pairs and few distinct characters, barley has only 7 chromosome pairs and consequently only 7 possible linkage groups and many distinct characters that may be readily recognized. The chief difficulty is that many of these characters cannot be readily classified because a number of factors may be responsible for their production.
The purpose of this project has been to study in considerable detail the Mendelian inheritance of several character pairs as they appear in barley crosses and to study possible linkage relationships between factors. The characters studied are rough versus semi-smooth awn, black versus white color of the flowering glumes and pericarp, long-haired vergus short-haired rachilla, fertility of the lateral florets and hulled versus naked caryopsis.
Anisotropic phase diagram of the frustrated spin dimer compound Ba3Mn2O8
Creators: name: Samulon, E. C.
name: Al-Hassanieh, K. A.
name: Jo, Y. -J.
name: Shapiro, M. C.
name: Balicas, L.
name: Batista, C. D.
name: Fisher, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat capacity and magnetic torque measurements are used to probe the anisotropic temperature-field phase diagram of the frustrated spin dimer compound Ba3Mn2O8 in the field range from 0T to 18T. For fields oriented along the c axis a single magnetically ordered phase is found in this field range, whereas for fields oriented along the a axis two distinct phases are observed. The present measurements reveal a surprising non-monotonic evolution of the phase diagram as the magnetic field is rotated in the [001]-[100] plane. The angle dependence of the critical field (Hc1) that marks the closing of the spin gap can be quantitatively accounted for using a minimal spin Hamiltonian comprising superexchange between nearest and next nearest Mn ions, the Zeeman energy and single ion anisotropy. This Hamiltonian also predicts a non-monotonic evolution of the transition between the two ordered states as the field is rotated in the a-c plane. However, the observed effect is found to be significantly larger in magnitude, implying that either this minimal spin Hamiltonian is incomplete or that the magnetically ordered states have a slightly different structure than previously proposed.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
title: A Study of Semisterility and its Lineage Relationships in Translocation Stocks of Barley
Creators: name: Waddoups, Horace Marr
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1949

description: Barley (Hordrium sp.) is the most important spring sown cereal crop in Utah, both in acreage and in yield of total digestible nutrients per unit area. It also rates high as a feed crop in the United States. For this reason it is important that varieties are available which are high in yield, high in quality, and disease resistant, along with other desirable characteristics. In order to work toward this end most efficiently, it is first necessary that the genetics of the barley plant be worked out.
Barley offers the plant breeders and geneticists a valuable material to use in the study of genetics. The fact that it has many easily distinguishable characters, that it is easy to grow large F2 populations, and that it has a low chromosome number make it desirable for this type of study. That all interspecific crosses are fertile make it all the more desirable for the plant breeder.
This study is a by-product of the cereal breeding and improvement program being carried on at the Utah Experiment Station.
Recently the study of translocations induced by X0rays and other means has gained wide interests among plant breeders, geneticists, and cytologists alike. Translocations or interchanges consist of the exchange of segments of non-homologous chromosomes. As a result semisterility occurs in plants which are heterozygous for the interchange.
the objective of this study is to calculate any linkage which may be found in different crosses involving translocated stocks in barley in order to determine which linkage groups are involved in the translocation; and to note any characters now linked as a result of a translocation which were not linked in normal barley stocks. The ratios and interactions which occur in any of the characters found in this study will be calculated.
Transformers Fusion across Disjoint Samples for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Creators: name: Ahmad, Muhammad
name: Mazzara, Manuel
name: Distifano, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: 3D Swin Transformer (3D-ST) known for its hierarchical attention and window-based processing, excels in capturing intricate spatial relationships within images. Spatial-spectral Transformer (SST), meanwhile, specializes in modeling long-range dependencies through self-attention mechanisms. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel method: an attentional fusion of these two transformers to significantly enhance the classification performance of Hyperspectral Images (HSIs). What sets this approach apart is its emphasis on the integration of attentional mechanisms from both architectures. This integration not only refines the modeling of spatial and spectral information but also contributes to achieving more precise and accurate classification results. The experimentation and evaluation of benchmark HSI datasets underscore the importance of employing disjoint training, validation, and test samples. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the fusion approach, showcasing its superiority over traditional methods and individual transformers. Incorporating disjoint samples enhances the robustness and reliability of the proposed methodology, emphasizing its potential for advancing hyperspectral image classification.
Metastable states influence on the magnetic behavior of the triangular lattice: Application to the spin-chain compound Ca3Co2O6
Creators: name: Soto, R.
name: Martínez, G.
name: Baibich, M. N.
name: Florez, J. M.
name: Vargas, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the spin-chain compound Ca3Co2O6 exhibits very interesting plateaus in the magnetization as a function of the magnetic field at low temperatures. The origin of them is still controversial. In this paper we study the thermal behavior of this compound with a single-flip Monte Carlo simulation on a triangular lattice and demonstrate the decisive influence of metastable states in the splitting of the ferrimagnetic 1/3 plateau below 10 K. We consider the [Co2O6]n chains as giant magnetic moments described by large Ising spins on planar clusters with open boundary conditions. With this simple frozen-moment model we obtain stepped magnetization curves which agree quite well with the experimental results for different sweeping rates. We describe particularly the out-of-equilibrium states that split the low-temperature 1/3 plateau into three steps. They relax thermally to the 1/3 plateau, which has long-range order at the equilibrium. Such states are further analyzed with snapshots unveiling a domain-wall structure that is responsible for the observed behavior of the 1/3 plateau. A comparison is also given of the exact results in small triangular clusters with our Monte Carlo results, providing further support for our thermal description of this compound.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PRB
Harrison transformation and charged black objects in Kaluza-Klein theory
Creators: name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Stelea, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generate charged black brane solutions in $D-$dimensions in a theory of gravity coupled to a dilaton and an antisymmetric form, by using a Harrison-type transformation. The seed vacuum solutions that we use correspond to uplifted Kaluza-Klein black strings and black holes in $(D-p)$-dimensions. A generalization of the Marolf-Mann quasilocal formalism to the Kaluza-Klein theory is also presented, the global charges of the black objects being computed in this way. We argue that the thermodynamics of the charged solutions can be derived from that of the vacuum configurations. Our results show that all charged Kaluza-Klein solutions constructed by means of Harrison transformations are thermodynamically unstable in a grand canonical ensemble. The general formalism is applied to the case of nonuniform black strings and caged black hole solutions in $D=5, 6$ Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity, whose geometrical properties and thermodynamics are discussed. We argue that the topology changing transition scenario, which was previously proposed in the vacuum case, also holds in this case. Spinning generalizations of the charged black strings are constructed in six dimensions in the slowly rotating limit. We find that the gyromagnetic ratio of these solutions possesses a nontrivial dependence on the nonuniformity parameter.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures
title: Inheritance of 16 Barley Characters and Their Linkage Relationships
Creators: name: Gill, Tejpal Singh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1951

description: The assignment of genetic factors to definite loci in the hereditary mechanism has been a great step in the progress of biology. Of the cereal crops, barley (Hordeum sp.), a crop of economic importance, offers a superior opportunity for genetic studies. Its adaptation to wide varieties of conditions, with a wealth of easily differentiated characters and only seven pairs of chromosomes, the barley plant provides excellent material for linkage studies.
Although there is a vast amount of literature dealing with inheritance in barley, yet knowledge of the subject is still very limited. The mode of inheritance of about one hundred characters has been studied and linkage relations of nearly thirty-five characters have been made. The location of a relatively large number of them is still unknown. All the seven linkage groups are established and distinct viable characters are available in six of them, although but few in some cases. The desirability of making further studies in this crop is quite apparent.
This manuscript contains the results of observations and experiments with sixteen characters which include three new characters not reported in the literature. All character pairs in each cross studied were checked for possible linkages or independence. The importance of such a study in the future improvement of the barley crop needs no emphasis.
Geology of the Boss Mountain Mine, British Columbia
Creators: name: Soregaroli, Arthur Earl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Detailed investigation of the Boss Mountain molybdenite deposits, which are on the northeast slope of Takomkane Mountain approximately 35 miles north-northeast of 100 Mile House, British Columbia, was undertaken to determine the origin of the deposits, controls of mineralization, effects of mineralization on the host rock, origin of the breccia bodies, and the relationship of these features to the Boss Mountain Stock. The deposits occur in granodiorite and porphyritic biotite granodiorite phases of the composite Takomkane Batholith near an epizonal Cretaceous quartz monzonite porphyry body, the Boss Mountain Stock. Molybdenite occurs in economic concentrations in two classes of deposits: 1) Breccia Deposits, which include fracture zones, and 2) Vein Deposits, which include both single and multiple systems. The sequence of ore formation, which includes rhyolite porphyry and rhyolite dyke emplacement, breccia formation, fracture development, mineralization, and alteration, is directly related to the oscillatory emplacement of the Boss Mountain Stock. The Boss Breccias, including Phase I Breccia, Quartz Breccia, and Phase III Breccia, were formed by pulsating magmatic activity acting on an irregularity on the side of the magma chamber (Boss Mountain Stock). The rock above this irregularity was fractured by magmatic advances. Withdrawal of magmatic pressure permitted collapse of the overlying fractured rock forming breccia bodies. Rhyolite porphyry dykes, apophyses of the Boss Mountain Stock, preceded and accompanied Phase I Breccia formation. Non-porphyritic rhyolite dykes cut Phase I Breccia and have been engulfed by later breccia phases. Four stages of rock alteration genetically related to the deposits, including (in chronological order): Stage 1, garnet-hornblende Stage 2, biotite; Stage 3, microperthite-chlorite-sericite; and. Stage k, chlorite-talc, have been identified and delineated. Stage 1 formed in mylonite zones around the Boss Mountain Stock, Stages 2 and 3 around centres of mineralization and Stage H- occurs in and near shear zones. Five periods of fracture development, each of which contains quartz veins of unique mineralogy and characteristics, were interspersed with breccia formation, alteration and mineralization. Mineralization accompanied breccia formation and fracture development. Molybdenite was introduced, during three separate periods of mineralization, two of which were separated by a barren stage that produced a complex mineral assemblage. Pyrite accompanies all stages of mineralization. Pleistocene (?) alkali basalt dykes related to Takomkane Volcano, which forms the twin summits of Takomkane Mountain, cut all rocks and ore structures. The volcanic rocks of the volcano contain xenoliths of granodiorite, glassy black augit and peridotite.
title: Neutron star mergers: Mass ejection and the role of the nuclear equation of state
Creators: name: Jacobi, Maximilian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Binary neutron star (BNS) mergers are fascinating astrophysical events that are likely responsible for the production of about half of the heavy elements in the universe. The nuclear equation of state (EOS) plays a crucial role in the dynamics of BNS mergers. However, it is highly uncertain due to the lack of knowledge on nuclear interaction at high densities. Binary neutron star mergers emit gravitational waves (GWs) and produce an optical transient called kilonova (KN) which is powered by the radioactive decay of freshly synthesized heavy nuclei. This makes them ideal sources for multi-messenger observations providing valuable information about the dynamics of the merger and the properties of the ejected matter. By comparing the predictions of numerical simulations of BNS mergers with multi-messenger observations, it is possible to derive constraints for the EOS at high densities. This makes BNS mergers incredibly useful laboratories for studying the EOS at very high densities.
The first part of this thesis investigates the influence of the EOS on BNS mergers in a systematic way. We perform three-dimensional (3D) general-relativistic hydrodynamics simulations with eight different EOS models, where we systematically vary the effective mass, incompressibility, symmetry energy, and saturation point of nuclear matter. By analyzing the relationship of these nuclear matter properties with the evolution of the merger remnant, post-merger GW signal, and ejecta, we uncover novel insights into the connection between the EOS and the outcome of BNS mergers. We find, that the deformation of the massive neutron star (NS) after the merger is related to the incompressibility, which has implications for the post-merger GW signal and mass ejection. Furthermore, we identify correlations of the tidal and shock-heated dynamical ejecta components with the incompressibility and effective mass.
The second part of this work concerns long-term simulations of the accretion disk phase of BNS mergers. The largest component of the ejecta in a BNS merger originates from the post-merger accretion disk. Thus, it is necessary to perform numerical simulations for multiple seconds to obtain a complete picture of the ejected matter. However, running 3D simulations for such long times requires a huge amount of computational resources. We circumvent this issue by simulating the accretion-disk phase of the merger in two dimensions (2D) while assuming axisymmetry which greatly reduces the computational cost of the simulations. To consistently link a 2D simulation of the accretion disk to a 3D simulation of the merger, we create the 2D initial data using the configuration of the merger remnant from the 3D simulation. We describe the methods we use for the axisymmetric simulations and the creation of the initial data. Moreover, we perform several tests of these methods and discuss the results.
A simple biorefinery concept to produce 2g-lactic acid from Sugar Beet Pulp (SBP): A high-value target approach to valorize awaste stream
Creators: name: De Oliveira, Regiane Alves
name: Schneider, Roland
name: Lunelli, Betânia Hoss
name: Rossell, Carlos Eduardo Vaz
name: Filho, Rubens Maciel
name: Venus, Joachim
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biorefinery
subject: Bipolarmembrane electrodialysis
subject: Lactic acid
subject: Second-generation
subject: Sugar beet pulp
subject: 540

description: Lactic acid is a high-value molecule with a vast number of applications. Its production in the biorefineries model is a possibility for this sector to aggregate value to its production chain. Thus, this investigation presents a biorefinery model based on the traditional sugar beet industry proposing an approach to produce lactic acid from a waste stream. Sugar beet is used to produce sugar and ethanol, and the remaining pulp is sent to animal feed. Using Bacillus coagulans in a continuous fermentation, 2781.01 g of lactic acid was produced from 3916.91 g of sugars from hydrolyzed sugar beet pulp, with a maximum productivity of 18.06 g L-1h-1. Without interfering in the sugar production, ethanol, or lactic acid, it is also possible to produce pectin and phenolic compounds in the biorefinery. The lactic acid produced was purified by a bipolar membrane electrodialysis and the recovery reached 788.80 g/L with 98% w/w purity. © 2020 by the authors.
Dynamic Peierls-Nabarro equations for elastically isotropic crystals
Creators: name: Pellegrini, Yves-Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic generalization of the Peierls-Nabarro equation for dislocations cores in an isotropic elastic medium is derived for screw, and edge dislocations of the `glide' and `climb' type, by means of Mura's eigenstrains method. These equations are of the integro-differential type and feature a non-local kernel in space and time. The equation for the screw differs by an instantaneous term from a previous attempt by Eshelby. Those for both types of edges involve in addition an unusual convolution with the second spatial derivative of the displacement jump. As a check, it is shown that these equations correctly reduce, in the stationary limit and for all three types of dislocations, to Weertman's equations that extend the static Peierls-Nabarro model to finite constant velocities.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. A few minor typos in published version corrected here (in red)
title: Inheritance Studies in Stem Rust of Wheat
Creators: name: Shah, Sayed Bad
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1949

description: Wheat is an important food crop of the world, especially in Soviet Russia, U.S.A., China, India and Pakistan. Over one billion bushels of wheat are produced annually in U.S.A. The total area under wheat production in Pakistan during 1947-48 was 10 million aeres with an average yield of 12 bushels per acre.
The stem rust disease has been known for along time to be destructive to grain crops, even centuries before the Christian era. Rust is of major importance in both the U.S. and Pakistan. Jethro Tull recorded rust in England in 1725. In 1916, rust was serious over the entire world. Since 1900 there have been eight epidemic rust years when losses were estimated as much as 160 million bushels per year. The heaviest losses are in the humid hard red winter and hard red spring wheat areas.
Three methods of control are generally practiced for black stem rust of wheat. They are breeding resistant varieties barberry eradication and sulphur dusting. Of these, resistant varieties appear to be the most effective in the control of this disease.
The problem discussed in this paper involves the breeding and selection of rust-resistant spring wheat strains.