cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Managing Nitrate Levels in Bermudagrass Hay: Implications for Net Returns
Creators: name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Griffith, Andrew P.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Savoy, Hubert J.
name: Leib, Brian G.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Griffith, Andrew P.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Savoy, Hubert J.
name: Leib, Brian G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use

description: Accumulation of nitrates in hay can be toxic to cattle, and managing nitrate levels in hay production could be costly. We determine the price premium a hay producer needs to receive for cattle-safe, low-nitrate hay to continued managing nitrate levels. Profit-maximizing nitrogen rates were determined for two bermudagrass hay producers—one who manages nitrate levels and one who does not manage nitrate levels. The hay producer who manages nitrates applies 56 lb./acre less nitrogen than the producer who does not manages nitrates, and would need to receive a price premium of $9.12/ton for low-nitrate hay to breakeven.
Literacy, oral language and rhetoric
Creators: name: Ekpang, Juliet
name: Ghevolor, Asa
name: Bassey, Victior
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rhetoric
subject: Language
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Linguistic awareness develops when a language learner experiments with all aspects of language such as listening, speaking, reading and writing. While emergent literacy may be considered a relatively natural process, competence is more deliberate on the part of the language learner. This paper explores the impact of rhetorical study as a vehicle for achieving communicative competence in oral language (speaking) performance of undergraduate students. The Krashen’s Monitor theory of language learning is the theoretical base for this study. The choice of this theory is necessitated by the theory’s explanation of competence development and input hypothesis in language learning. The data for this study is drawn from twenty-nine final year students who volunteered to undergo a three-week practical and intensive course on Aristotle’s rhetorical theory. At the end of the course period, it was observed that the 29 students developed interest in public speaking and oral presentation which reflected in the choices of their final year viva research topics. Also observed at the end of the course, an oral assessment showed that the 29 students performed qualitatively better than other students who did not offer the said course.  
title: Leapfrogging: Time of Entry and Firm Productivity
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Ederington, Josh
name: Götz, Georg
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: technology adoption
entry
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: We develop a model in which ex ante identical firms make endogenous entry and technology adoption decisions. We show that this model is capable of matching the stylized facts in which entry and adoption are dispersed over time and that, in many industries, it is the newest firms which are the most likely to exhibit high productivity growth and adopt new innovations (i.e., leapfrogging). We then derive the characteristics of those industries where such leapfrogging is likely to occur and show that leapfrogging can induce reverse preemption (i.e., forward-looking incumbent firms delaying entry and adoption due to leapfrogging behavior). As an application, we demonstrate how, in an industry conducive to leapfrogging, research subsidies can actually reduce short-run consumer welfare by discouraging firms from entering the market with a basic technology.
MOESM2 of Hecaton: reliably detecting copy number variation in plant genomes using short read sequencing data
Creators: name: RaÃºl Y. Wijfjes
name: Smit, Sandra
name: Ridder, Dick De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2 Table S1: Features used for the random forest model. Table S2: Description of the used datasets. Table S3: Number of events called from B73 data that could not be validated by VaPoR. Table S4: Number of events simulated per size interval.
CHARACTERISING THE REPROGRAMMING DYNAMICS BETWEEN HUMAN PLURIPOTENT STATES
Creators: name: Collier, Amanda
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Naïve pluripotency
Human pluripotency
Primed Pluripotency
Epigenetics
X-chromosome
DNA methylation
Reprogramming
Gene regulatory networks
Cell-surface markers
Embryonic Stem Cells

description: Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) exist in multiple states of pluripotency, broadly categorised as naïve and primed states. These provide an important model to investigate the earliest stages of human embryonic development. Naïve cells can be obtained through primed-to-naïve reprogramming; however, there are no reliable methods to prospectively isolate unmodified naïve cells during this process. Moreover, the current isolation strategies are incompatible for enrichment of naïve hPSCs early during reprogramming. Consequently, we know very little about the temporal dynamics of transcriptional changes and remodelling of the epigenetic landscape that occurs during the reprogramming process. To address this knowledge gap, I sought to develop an isolation strategy capable of identifying nascent naïve hPSCs early during reprogramming. Comprehensive profiling of cell-surface markers by flow cytometry in naïve and primed hPSCs revealed pluripotent state-specific antibodies. By compiling the identified state-specific markers into a multiplexed antibody panel, I was able to distinguish naïve and primed hPSCs. Moreover, the antibody panel was able to track the dynamics of primed-to-naïve reprogramming, as the state-specific surface markers collectively reflect the change in pluripotent states. Through using the newly identified surface markers, I found that naïve cells are formed at a much earlier time point than previously realised, and could be subsequently isolated from a heterogeneous cell population early during reprogramming. This allowed me to perform the first molecular characterisation of nascent naïve hPSCs, which revealed distinct transcriptional changes associated with early and late stage naïve cell formation. Analysis of the DNA methylation landscape showed that nascent naïve cells are globally hypomethylated, whilst imprint methylation is largely preserved. Moreover, the loss of DNA methylation precedes X-chromosome reactivation, which occurs primarily during the late-stage of primed-to-naïve reprogramming, and is therefore a hallmark of mature naïve cells. Using the antibody panel at discrete time points throughout reprogramming has allowed an unprecedented insight into the early molecular events leading to naïve cell formation, and permits the direct comparison between different naïve reprogramming methods. Taken together, the identified state-specific surface markers provide a robust and straightforward method to unambiguously define human PSC states, and reveal for the first time the order of transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated with primed to naïve reprogramming.
title: Forecasting Exchange Rates with Commodity Prices - A Global Country Analysis
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Baumgärtner, Martin
name: Klose, Jens
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Commodity Prices
Forecast
Economics
Wirtschaft
Panel-Analysis
Exchange Rate

description: This paper investigates the predictive properties of import and export
prices of commodities on the exchange rates. A period from 1993 to 2016
is considered. We find that forecasts of the exchange rate adding commodity
export and import prices are superior to those neglecting these variables. This
holds irrespective of whether the countries are net exporters or importers of
commodities. However, the forecasting power was even better in the 1990s
and seems to have decreased since that that time. Nevertheless forecasts can even today be improved considerably by adding commodity prices.
Effectiveness of Increasing Liquidity as a Response to Increased Repayment Risk: A Case Study
Creators: name: Yeager, Elizabeth A.
name: Banard, Freddie L.
name: Yeager, Elizabeth A.
name: Banard, Freddie L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Farm Management
Financial Economics

description: Volatile net farm incomes and potential for higher interest rates has strengthened the importance of managing liquidity. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of increasing liquidity levels as a means of reducing repayment risk for agricultural firms. Using a base case farming operation and three interest rate scenarios, eight potential changes in the operating situation, and two leverage levels, it was found increasing the level of liquidity was an effective means of reducing repayment risk. The management practice was found to be more effective for offsetting the adverse effects of increasing interest rates and operating expenses than for decreasing gross farm revenue and increasing leverage levels.
System Variable Analysis on Development Stages of Urban Agriculture in Large Cities
Creators: name: ZHANG, Min
name: LU, Fengjun
name: MIAO, Runlian
name: JIN, Yan
name: ZHANG, Min
name: LU, Fengjun
name: MIAO, Runlian
name: JIN, Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Urban agriculture
subject: Stage characteristics
subject: State evolution
subject: System variable analysis

description: China’s urban agricultural development takes on stage evolution, and functional structure, customer structure, industrial organization, innovation activity, spatial form and industrial value of each stage has significant difference. Using the system variable analysis method, this paper established the urban agricultural development system including six types of functional variables. On the basis of summarizing stage characteristics, it analyzed reasons for stage characteristics focusing on four key variables, i.e. cost, efficiency, connection, and risk. Finally, it came up with recommendations for promoting China’s urban agricultural development with the aid of stage development rules.
Validated Variational Inference via Practical Posterior Error Bounds
Creators: name: Huggins, Jonathan H.
name: Kasprzak, Mikołaj
name: Campbell, Trevor
name: Broderick, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Variational inference has become an increasingly attractive fast alternative to Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for approximate Bayesian inference. However, a major obstacle to the widespread use of variational methods is the lack of post-hoc accuracy measures that are both theoretically justified and computationally efficient. In this paper, we provide rigorous bounds on the error of posterior mean and uncertainty estimates that arise from full-distribution approximations, as in variational inference. Our bounds are widely applicable, as they require only that the approximating and exact posteriors have polynomial moments. Our bounds are also computationally efficient for variational inference because they require only standard values from variational objectives, straightforward analytic calculations, and simple Monte Carlo estimates. We show that our analysis naturally leads to a new and improved workflow for validated variational inference. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of our proposed workflow and error bounds on a robust regression problem and on a real-data example with a widely used multilevel hierarchical model.
description: A python package for carrying out our validated variational inference workflow -- including doing black-box variational inference and computing the bounds we develop in this paper -- is available at https://github.com/jhuggins/viabel. The same repository also contains code for reproducing all of our experiments
Exploring genetic interactions with G-quadruplex structures
Creators: name: Mulhearn, Darcie Sinead
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: synthetic lethality
G-quadruplex
secondary structures
shRNA screening
screening
RNAi
genomic instability
small molecule

description: G-quadruplexes are non-canonical nucleic acid secondary structures of increasing biological and medicinal interest due to their proposed physiological functions in transcription, replication, translation and telomere biology. Aberrant G4 formation and stabilisation have been linked to genome instability, cancer and other diseases. However, the specific genes and pathways involved are largely unknown, and the work within this thesis aims to investigate this. Stabilisation of G4s by small molecules can perturb G4-mediated processes and initial studies suggest that this approach has chemotherapeutic potential. I therefore also aimed to identify cell genotypes sensitive to G4-ligand treatment that may offer further therapeutic opportunities. To address these aims, I present the first unbiased genome-wide genetic screen in cells where genes were silenced via short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) whilst being treated with either PDS or PhenDC3, two independent G4-stabilising small molecules. I explored gene deficiencies that enhance cell death (sensitisation) or provide a growth advantage (resistance) in the presence of these G4-ligands. Additionally, I present a validation screen, comprising hits uncovered via genome-wide screening, and also the use of this in another cell line of different origin. Sensitivities were enriched in DNA replication, cell cycle, DNA damage repair, splicing and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis proteins and pathways. Ultimately, I uncovered four synthetic lethalities BRCA1, TOP1, DDX42, GAR1, independent of cell line and ligand. These were validated with three G4-stabilising ligands (PDS, PhenDC3 and CX-5461) using an independent siRNA approach. The latter siRNA methodology was used to screen 12 PDS derivatives with improved medicinal chemistry properties and ultimately identified SA-100-128, as a lead compound. The mechanism behind synthetic lethality with G4-stabilising ligands was explored further for DDX42, which I show has in vitro affinity for both RNA- and DNA-G4s and may represent a previously unknown G4-helicase. Also within this thesis, gene deficiencies that provided a growth advantage to PDS and/or PhenDC3 as uncovered by genome-wide and focused screening were explored. These showed enrichment in transcription, chromatin and lysosome-associated genes. The resistance phenotype of three gene deficiencies, TAF1, DDX39A and ZNF217 was further supported by additional siRNA experiments. Overall, I satisfied the primary aims and established many novel synthetic lethal and resistance interactions that may represent new therapeutic possibilities. Additionally, the results expand our knowledge of G4-biology by identifying genes, functions and subcellular locations previously not known to involve or regulate G4s.
description: funded by CRUK
Human Parainfluenza Virus 3: Genetic Diversity, Virulence and Antiviral Susceptibility
Creators: name: Smielewska, Anna Alexandra
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human parainfluenza 3
genetic diversity
antiviral susceptibility
virulence

description: Human parainfluenza 3 (HPIV3) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae, a single strain negative-sense non-segmented RNA virus in the order Mononegavirales. It is a respiratory pathogen with a broad spectrum of presentations for which there is currently neither a vaccine nor licensed treatment for HPIV3. To date most research on HPIV3 has been conducted using significantly culture adapted reference strains. Therefore, minimally adapted clinical strains were grown in two cell culture systems: immortalised and primary. Plaque phenotype, growth kinetics and inflammatory response triggered were evaluated and it was found that there is a range of phenotypes exhibited by clinical strains with potential implications in vivo. To examine the genetic diversity of circulating strains of HPIV3 in the UK, a new amplicon based sequencing pipeline for whole genome sequencing of HPIV3 was developed and validated. A short hypervariable region in the HPIV3 genome was identified and evaluated as a potential candidate for subsequent phylogenetic analysis compared to whole genome data. This method was then applied to tracking an HPIV3 outbreak that took place on a paediatric oncology ward. It was found to be a point-source outbreak and the clinical impact in this setting, as well as the infection control procedures involved were evaluated. Finally a robust in vitro model for the evaluation of potential therapeutic candidates for HPIV3, based on a panel of minimally passaged clinical strains as well as a culture-adapted reference strain, was set up. This model was applied to three potential inhibitors of HPIV3: ribavirin, favipiravir and zanamivir. The results showed that clinical strains were at least as susceptible to ribavirin and favipiravir as the laboratory reference strain and significantly more susceptible to zanamivir. This indicates that further work on minimally adapted clinical strains is essential to further the understanding of this important virus.
description: Public Health England (PHE) - this PhD thesis Wellcome Trust (Prof Ian Goodfellow)
MOESM1 of Seeing red: towards an improved protocol for the identification of madder- and cochineal-based pigments by fiber optics reflectance spectroscopy (FORS)
Creators: name: Fonseca, Beatriz
name: Patterson, Catherine Schmidt
name: Ganio, Monica
name: MacLennan, Douglas
name: Trentelman, Karen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of the recipes used to prepare the madder and cochineal pigments. In most cases, adaption of recipes consists in adapting the temperature of reaction to the dyestuff source (70–80 °C for madder and 40–50 °C for cochineal). Ca-containing substrates were made using standard madder and cochineal recipes but substituting the alkali used for CaCO3. Table S2. Summary of procedures used to make paints using linseed oil, gum Arabic, yolk and beeswax. No additives were added to any of the paints to avoid interference with analysis and to build a reference database of mixtures containing just the binder and the pigment.
Cosmological Effects of the First Stars: Evolving Spectra of Population III
Creators: name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Shull, J. Michael
name: Venkatesan, Aparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first stars hold intrinsic interest for their uniqueness and for their potential importance to galaxy formation, chemical enrichment, and feedback on the intergalactic medium (IGM). The metal-free composition of the first stars restricts the stellar energy source to proton-proton burning rather than the more efficient CNO cycle. Consequently they are hotter, smaller, and have harder spectra than their present-day counterparts of finite metallicity. We present new results from a continuing study of metal-free stars from a cosmological point of view. We have calculated evolving spectra of Pop III clusters, derived from a grid of zero-metallicity stellar evolutionary tracks. We find that H-ionizing photon production from metal-free stellar clusters takes twice as long as that of Pop II to decline to 1/10 its peak value. In addition, metal-free stars produce substantially more photons than Pop II in the HeII ($E > 4$ Ryd) continuum. We suggest that large Ly$α$ equivalent widths ($W_{\rm Lyα} > 400$ Angstroms) may provide a means of detecting metal-free stellar populations at high redshift, and that HeII recombination lines ($λ$1640, $λ$4686) may confirm identifications of Population III. While Pop III clusters are intrinsically bluer than their Pop II counterparts, nebular continuum emission makes up this difference and may confuse attempts to discern Pop III stars with broadband colors. In a companion paper, we explore the consequences of evolving spectra of Pop III for the reionization of the IGM in both H and He. (ABRIDGED)
description: Accepted by ApJ; 32 pages, 10 figures, with an updated discussion of the effects of mass loss on Pop III and Pop II comparisons. For full-resolution color figures, see http://casa.colorado.edu/~tumlinso/fs.html
Nonequilibrium Nonlinear Open Quantum Systems I. Functional Perturbative Analysis of a Weakly Anharmonic Oscillator
Creators: name: Hsiang, Jen-Tsung
name: Hu, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a functional perturbative method for treating weakly nonlinear systems coupled with a quantum field bath. We demonstrate using this method to obtain the covariance matrix elements and the correlation functions of a quantum anharmonic oscillator interacting with a heat bath. We identify a fluctuation-dissipation relation based on the nonequilibrium dynamics of this nonlinear open quantum system. To establish its connection with dynamical equilibration, we further examine the energy flows between the anharmonic oscillator and the bath field. The vanishing of the net flow {is an indication of} the existence of an equilibrium state for such an open-system configuration. The results presented here are useful for studying the nonequilibrium physical processes of nonlinear quantum systems such as heat transfer or electron transport.
description: Version 1 is based on the research notes written in August 2014, which contain unpublished original research results. We have reorganized the raw materials with minor revisions in wording for improved readability. Version 2 is the published version
Ultimate Photo-Thermo-Acoustic Efficiency of Graphene Aerogels
Creators: name: De Nicola, Francesco
name: Tenuzzo, Lorenzo Donato
name: Viola, Ilenia
name: Zhang, Rujing
name: Zhu, Hongwei
name: Marcelli, Augusto
name: Lupi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to generate, amplify, mix, and modulate sound with no harmonic distortion in a passive opto-acoustic device would revolutionize the field of acoustics. The photo-thermo-acoustic (PTA) effect allows to transduce light into sound without any bulk electro-mechanically moving parts and electrical connections, as for conventional loudspeakers. Also, PTA devices can be integrated with standard silicon complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication techniques. Here, we demonstrate that the ultimate PTA efficiency of graphene aerogels, depending on their particular thermal and optical properties, can be experimentally achieved by reducing their mass density. Furthermore, we illustrate that the aerogels behave as an omnidirectional point-source throughout the audible range with no harmonic distortion. This research represents a breakthrough for audio-visual consumer technologies and it could pave the way to novel opto-acoustic sensing devices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: The Development of Firm Size and Innovativeness in the Pharmaceutical industry between 1989 and 2010
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Backfisch, Martin
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: firm size
Economics
Wirtschaft
drug development
pharmaceutical R&D
success rates

description: Within the last decades, there have been many technological and regulatory changes in the pharmaceutical industry. Some of these developments facilitate the innovative activities of large firms, while others foster small firms. It is therefore surprising that the implications of these changes in the pharmaceutical industry have not often been studied empirically. We contribute to the question of firm size and innovativeness in the pharmaceutical industry in presenting a brief review of the literature on innovative activities with a focus on the relation of different firm sizes in the pharmaceutical industry and present own empirical findings. Our results with project data from a broad range of firms show that the innovative activities of small firms measured by the share of their projects on all research projects have been rising strongly between 1989 and 2010. Further, the share of small firms on new drugs has been constantly increasing in this period. On the other hand, project success rates are lowest for small firms, while the rate of projects already discontinued in the preclinical phase is highest for them. We discuss these results and find that the reasons behind these developments are crucial to understand the innovative performance of the industry within the last 20 years.
Some exact results on the matter star-product in the half-string formalism
Creators: name: Moeller, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the D25 sliver wavefunction, just as the D-instanton sliver, factorizes when expressed in terms of half-string coordinates. We also calculate analytically the star-product of two zero-momentum eigenstates of $\hat{x}$ using the vertex in the oscillator basis, thereby showing that the star-product in the matter sector can indeed be seen as multiplication of matrices acting on the space of functionals of half strings. We then use the above results to establish that the matrices $ρ_{1,2}$, conjectured by Rastelli, Sen and Zwiebach to be left and right projectors on the sliver, are indeed so.
description: 27 pages; footnote added
Non-local quantum effects in plasmons of graphene superlattices
Creators: name: Brey, Luis
name: Stauber, T.
name: Martín-Moreno, L.
name: Gómez-Santos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a non-local, quantum mechanical response function we study graphene plasmons in a one-dimensional superlattice (SL) potential $V_0 \cos G_0x$. The SL introduces a quantum energy scale $E_G \sim \hbar v_F G_0$ associated to electronic sub-band transitions. At energies lower than $E_G$, the plasmon dispersion is highly anisotropic; plasmons propagate perpendicularly to the SL axis, but become damped by electronic transitions along the SL direction. These results question the validity of semiclassical approximations for describing low energy plasmons in periodic structures. At higher energies, the dispersion becomes isotropic and Drude-like with effective Drude weights related to the average of the absolute value of the local chemical potential. Full quantum mechanical treatment of the kinetic energy thus introduces non-local effects that delocalize the plasmons in the SL, making the system behave as a meta-material even near singular points where the charge density vanishes.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Comparison and Experience Reference of Pork Supply Chain between China and Vietnam on the Basis of Food Safety Security
Creators: name: GAO, Kuo
name: GAN, Xiaoqing
name: GAO, Kuo
name: GAN, Xiaoqing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Pork supply chain
subject: Vietnam
subject: Value chain
subject: Food safety

description: The paper aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of theoretical model and practice on the pork supply chain of China from the perspective of logical consistency while laying emphasis on the nodes of pork supply chain and the value distribution of value chain. First of all, analyze the conceptual model of pork supply chain in China and further characterize each node of the supply chain as well as the link between the nodes. By comparing with the pork supply chain in Vietnam, analyze the characteristics and existing problems of the pork supply in China. Finally, give advice and suggestions from the aspects of supply chain process reengineering, food quality supervision and the policies & regulations etc.
MOESM1 of Hecaton: reliably detecting copy number variation in plant genomes using short read sequencing data
Creators: name: Wijfjes, Raúl Y.
name: Smit, Sandra
name: Ridder, Dick De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1: Performance of different CNV detection algorithms on the test set of Col-0–Cvi-0 and Suijing18 CNV events called from 10x coverage data. Figure S2: Interpretating the appropriate type of CNV from a set of novel adjacencies. Figure S3: Recall of the post-processing step of Hecaton for dispersed duplications simulated at different allele dosages in tetraploid tomato genomes, before and after post-processing. Figure S4: Performance of Hecaton on the test set containing Col-0–Cvi-0 and Suijing18 CNV events called from 10x coverage data, using random forest models trained on CNVs detected at different levels of sequencing coverage. Figure S5: Performance of different CNV detection algorithms on A. thaliana Ler data at 10x coverage. Figure S6: False positive events in simulated data that were incorrectly labeled as a true positive by VaPoR. Figure S7: Effect of filtering CNV calls based on read depth and presence of gaps in their flanking regions in the test set of Col-0–Cvi-0 and Suijing18 generated from 10x coverage data. Figure S8: Example of a high-confidence CNV called by Hecaton. Figure S9: Percentage of true events in simulated data incorrectly labeled as false positives by VaPoR. Figure S10: Percentage of true events in simulated data incorrectly labeled as false positives by Sniffles, in a set of 10 simulated versions of S. lycopersicum with distinct sets of CNVs. Figure S11: Percentage of false positive events in simulated data incorrectly labeled as a true positive by Sniffles, computed in a set of 10 simulated versions of S. lycopersicum with distinct sets of CNVs. Figure S12: Density plots of normalized median read depths of CNV events called in domesticated and wild tomato samples. Figure S13: Density plot of the fraction of N’s in the 400 bp flanking regions of CNV events called in domesticated and wild tomato samples.
Overview of Studies on Financial Support for China’s Agricultural Industrialization
Creators: name: Miao, Junyu
name: Ma, Junqi
name: Tang, Jingyao
name: Miao, Junyu
name: Ma, Junqi
name: Tang, Jingyao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural industrialization
subject: Rural finance
subject: Overview of studies

description: Agricultural industrialization is an innovative operation mode and effective drive for transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. Benign development of agricultural industrialization depends on financial support. With increase of the function of financial support for agricultural industrialization development, academic circles have made deeper and deeper researches on agricultural industrialization. These researches mainly touch upon four aspects: (i) definition of concept of financial support for agricultural industrialization; (ii) functions of financial support for agricultural industrialization; (iii) existing problems in financial support for agricultural industrialization and problem causes; (iv) specific recommendations of promotion of financial support for agricultural industrialization development. Although existing researches are already extensive and some common understandings have been reached, there are still some research gaps and weak points, and it needs further researches.
Machine learning workshop with ZeMA machine learning toolbox
Creators: name: Dorst, Tanja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: dynamic measurement, measurement uncertainty, sensor network, digital sensors, MEMS, machine learning, European Union (EU), Horizon 2020, EMPIR

description: This machine learning workshop uses the ZeMA machine learning toolbox (toolbox code) and the data set of the electromechanical cylinder number 3 (data set). The presentation gives an overview of the ZeMA machine learning toolbox. Two different MATLAB scripts together with some results (to reduce computation time) are provided. Axis3_2kHz_15combinations.mlx: This script uses the machine learning toolbox explained in the presentation. Axis3_BFC_uncertainty.mlx: This script uses a uncertainty version of the machine learning toolbox.
Sub-Riemannian Geometry and Time Optimal Control of Three Spin Systems: Quantum Gates and Coherence Transfer
Creators: name: Khaneja, Navin
name: Glaser, Steffen J.
name: Brockett, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many coherence transfer experiments in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, involving network of coupled spins, use temporary spin-decoupling to produce desired effective Hamiltonians. In this paper, we show that significant time can be saved in producing an effective Hamiltonian, if spin-decoupling is avoided. We provide time optimal pulse sequences for producing an important class of effective Hamiltonians in three spin networks. These effective Hamiltonians are useful for coherence transfer experiments and implementation of quantum logic gates in NMR quantum computing. It is demonstrated that computing these time optimal pulse sequences can be reduced to geometric problems that involve computing sub-Riemannian geodesics on Homogeneous spaces.
Research on Measures for TBT of Pork Export
Creators: name: YU, Hua
name: YAN, Yubao
name: CUI, Pengbo
name: YU, Hua
name: YAN, Yubao
name: CUI, Pengbo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Trade barriers
subject: Pork
subject: Export
subject: Measures
subject: Researches

description: With the deepening of economic globalization and increasingly fierce of competition of trade liberalization in WTO member countries, the effect of traditional trade protection measures is gradually weakening or even removed. In recent years, Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) as a category of nontariff barriers to trade, are the widely divergent measures that countries use to regulate markets, protect their consumers, or preserve their natural resources (among other objectives), but they also can be used (or perceived by foreign countries) to discriminate against imports in order to protect domestic industries. These directly or indirectly lead to gradual rise of trade friction of China’s pork export. This paper analyzed background and significance of measures for TBT of pork export, current situations of researches on TBT both at home and abroad, and came up with new ideas and viewpoints for further strengthening measures for TBT of pork export.
Developing Rural Cooperative Finance with Reference to Experience of Foreign Countries
Creators: name: WU, Aihua
name: LI, Mingxian
name: WU, Aihua
name: LI, Mingxian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural areas of foreign countries
subject: Cooperative finance
subject: Mode
subject: Reference

description: At present, rural credit cooperative is an essential part of rural financial system in China. Since the foundation of new China, especially since the reform and opening-up, rural credit cooperative has become the largest financial organization in rural areas. However, its operation mode needs further improvement and service functions are to be strengthened. Therefore, learning successful mode of rural cooperative finance in foreign countries has important theoretical and realistic significance for promoting development of China’s rural cooperative finance.
The UCSD HIRES/KeckI Damped Lya Abundance Database III. An Empirical Study of Photoionization in the Damped Lya System Toward GB1759+7539
Creators: name: Prochaska, Jason X.
name: Howk, J. Christopher
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Tytler, David
name: Wolfe, Arthur M.
name: Kirkman, David
name: Lubin, Dan
name: Suzuki, Nao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ionization state of the damped Lya system at z=2.62 toward GB1759+7539 through an analysis of ionic ratios sensitive to photoionization: ArI/SII, FeIII/FeII, NII/NI, AlIII/AlII. Approximately half of the metals arise in a mostly neutral velocity component with HI/H > 0.9, based on FeIII/FeII < 0.013. In contrast, the remaining half exhibits FeIII/FeII~0.3 indicative of a partially ionized medium with HI/H~0.5. These conclusions are supported by the observed NII/NI, AlIII/AlII, and ArI/SII ratios. We assess ionization corrections for the observed column densities through photoionization models derived from the CLOUDY software package. In the neutral gas, the ionization corrections are negligible except for ArI. However for the partially ionized gas, element abundance ratios differ from the ionic ratios by 0.1-0.3 dex for (SiII, SII, NiII, AlII)/FeII ratios and more for (NI, ArI)/FeII. Independent of the shape of the photoionizing spectrum and assumptions on the number of ionization phases, these ionization corrections have minimal impact (<0.1dex) on the total metallicity inferred for this damped Lya system. Measurements on the relative elemental abundances of the partially ionized gas, however, have a greater than ~0.15 dex uncertainty which hides the effects of nucleosynthesis and dust depletion. We caution the reader that this damped system is unusual for a number of reasons (e.g. a very low ArI/SII ratio) and we believe its ionization properties are special but not unique. Nevertheless, it clearly shows the value of examining photoionization diagnostics like FeIII/FeII in a larger sample of systems.
description: 19 pages with 11 b&w figures. Visit the DLA database at http://kingpin.ucsd.edu/~hiresdla for more. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal, Feb 5 2002
Transport anomaly in the low energy regime of spin chains
Creators: name: Saito, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomalous thermal conductivity in spin chains observed in experiments is studied for the low temperature regime. In the effective dynamics with most realistic perturbations, the so-called Umklapp terms is irrelevant to reduce mean free path in the energy transport at even finite temperatures. This is consistent with large conductivities found in recent experiments. The Drude weight which is the prefactor in the divergent conductivity is calculated, and the temperature dependence is discussed.
description: 4 pages, no figure. PRB, in press
Evolving Spectra of Pop III Stars: Consequences for Cosmological Reionization
Creators: name: Venkatesan, Aparna
name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Shull, J. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the significance of the first metal-free stars (Pop III) for the cosmological reionization of HI and HeII. These stars have unusually hard spectra, with the integrated ionizing photon rates from a Pop III stellar cluster for HI and HeII being 1.6 and $10^5$ times stronger respectively than those from a Pop II cluster. For the currently favored cosmology, we find that Pop III stars alone can reionize HI and HeII at redshifts, $z$ of about 9 (4.7) and 5.1 (0.7) for continuous (instantaneous) modes of star formation. More realistic scenarios involving combinations of Pop III and Pop II stellar spectra yield similar results for hydrogen. Helium never reionizes completely in these cases; the ionization fraction of HeIII reaches a maximum of about 60 percent at $z$ of about 5.6 if Pop III star formation lasts for $10^9$ yr. Future data on HI reionization can test the amount of small-scale power available to the formation of the first objects, and provide a constraint on values of $σ_8$ less than or about 0.7. Since current UV observations indicate an epoch of reionization for HeII at $z$ of about 3, HeII may reionize more than once. Measurements of the HeII Gunn-Peterson effect in the intergalactic medium at redshifts exceeding about 3 may reveal the significance of Pop III stars for HeII reionization, particularly in void regions that may contain relic ionization from early Pop III stellar activity.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap.J. (Feb. 20, 2003 issue; v. 584); minor revisions, results unchanged
MOESM3 of Socioeconomic position and body composition across the life course: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Staatz, Charis Bridger
name: Kelly, Yvonne
name: Lacey, Rebecca
name: Hardy, Rebecca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Quality Assessment Form.
Stated Preferences for Consumption of Sea Urchin: A Choice Experiment in Sardinia (Italy)
Creators: name: Furesi, Roberto
name: Madau, Fabio A.
name: Palomba, Andrea
name: Pulina, Pietro
name: Furesi, Roberto
name: Madau, Fabio A.
name: Palomba, Andrea
name: Pulina, Pietro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Choice experiment
subject: sea urchin demand
subject: stated preferences

description: In Sardinia sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) roe is a basic ingredient for several dishes (e.g. pasta, pizza, croutons) and its demand is constantly increasing. However marketable value of local sea urchin appears to be potentially higher than the current value. This paper aims to estimate the value of a based sea urchin dish according to the stated preference of consumers. A Choice Experiment (CE) analysis on 475 consumers was carried out in order to estimate their willingness to pay (WTP) for consuming sea urchin. Seafood was proposed as alternative to sea urchin. CE concerned two attributes: certification of local origin and place where dishes are consumed. Findings suggest that WTP for a generic dish is significantly higher for sea urchin (11.65 Euros) than for seafood (7.94 Euros) based dish. Furthermore, we found that WTP is higher when both foods are consumed with spaghetti and as raw fresh product, whereas an opposite effect is associated to pizza. Finally, the influence of some socio‐economic characteristics of responders on their preferences was estimated.
MOESM1 of End-user perspectives to inform policy and program decisions: a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of lifestyle treatment recommendations by adolescents with obesity
Creators: name: M. Kebbe
name: A. Perez
name: A. Buchholz
name: T.-L. McHugh
name: S. Scott
name: C. Richard
name: M. Dyson
name: G. Ball
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ). Reporting checklist for qualitative research.
Do Agricultural Commodity Firm Stock Price and Agricultural Commodity Price Move Together?
Creators: name: Declerck, Francis
name: Declerck, Francis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Commodity
subject: Pricing
subject: Agricultural Commodity
subject: Stock Price
subject: Hedging

description: The research aims at explaining stock performance of processing companies as a function of commodity performance on commodity markets. The results show that stock prices of food companies do not significantly depend on agricultural market prices. So, risks of agricultural market price volatility cannot be hedged using food firm stocks, whose markets are more liquid.
Business Collaboration in Food Networks: Incremental Solution Development
Creators: name: Sundmaeker, Harald
name: Sundmaeker, Harald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Business Collaboration
subject: Food Networks
subject: App Development
subject: FIspace
subject: Future Internet
subject: Fruits & Vegetables

description: The paper will present an approach for an incremental solution development that is based on the usage of the currently developed Internet based FIspace business collaboration platform. Key element is the clear segmentation of infrastructures that are either internal or external to the collaborating business entity in the food network. On the one hand, the approach enables to differentiate between specific centralised as well as decentralised ways for data storage and hosting of IT based functionalities. The selection of specific data exchange protocols and data models is facilitated. On the other hand, the supported solution design and subsequent development is focusing on reusable “software Apps” that can be used on their own and are incorporating a clear added value for the business actors. It will be outlined on how to push the development and introduction of Apps that do not require basic changes of the existing infrastructure. The paper will present an example that is based on the development of a set of Apps for the exchange of product quality related information in food networks, specifically addressing fresh fruits and vegetables. It combines workflow support for data exchange from farm to retail as well as to provide quality feedback information to facilitate the business process improvement. Finally, the latest status of the FIspace platform development will be outlined. Key features and potential ways for real users and software developers in using the FIspace platform that is initiated by science and industry will be outlined.