Corethrella munteantaroku Amaral & Mariano & Pinho 2019, sp. n.
Creators: name: Amaral, André P.
name: Mariano, Rodolfo
name: Pinho, Luiz Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Corethrellidae
Corethrella
Corethrella munteantaroku

description: Corethrella munteantaroku sp. n.
(Figures 1 and 2)
Type material. Holotype, male adult, slide mounted: “HOLÓTIPO Corethrella munteantaroku Amaral, Mariano & Pinho ♂, Manaus, AM, BR, Res. Adolpho Ducke”, “Barro Branco, Malaise 100m acima da ponte”, “ S02°55’47” W59°58’22”, 73m a.s.l. ” “ 04-08.XI.2010, Pinho & Mendes”(INPA).
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the words “mosquito” (muntean) and “frog” (taroku) in the Tukana language, spoken in Brazilian and Colombian Amazon. The name is to be regarded as a noun in apposition.
Diagnostic characters. This species differs from other extant Corethrella by the following combination of characters: Adult male: two expanded and apically bent setae at dorsobasal region of gonocoxite, halter lighter than scutellum and wing with slightly darker scales forming a faint midlength band.
Description. Adult male (n=1). (Tables 1, 2, figs. 1–2)
Head (Fig. 1A). Laterally expanded in dorsal view. Coronal suture elongate, reaching area between ventral margin of eye bridge. Four long setae on frons, near ventral margin of eye bridge, forming angle in relation to coronal suture. Palpus (Fig. 2A) brown, with 3rd palpal segment slightly expanded apically. Clypeus (Fig. 2B) square, with 11 setae on dorsal surface, 6 of them bolder, arranged approximately laterally to one another in central area.Antenna (Fig. 2C) uniformly brown, with 13th flagellomere bifurcated at apex. Sensilla coeloconica distributed according to table 1.
Thorax (Fig. 1B). Medium brown, with ventral portion of katepisternum, sclerites around base of wing pale. Prescutal suture elongate, reaching dorsocentral row of setae. Posterior portion of dorsocentral row of setae with 1 discrete offset seta. Anterior anepisternum with diagonal suture, dividing ventral, dorsal portions equally. Posterior anepisternum divided by transversal suture, with ventral portion triangular in shape, more darkly pigmented.
Wings (Fig. 1C). Almost uniformly brown, with band of darker scales on veins M, R 1, Rs, R 4+5, apex of Sc, C. Apex of R 2 slightly basal to apex of M 1. Halter lighter than scutellum.
Legs (Fig. 1B). Almost uniformly light brown, with apex of midfemur and all tarsi only slightly darker than tibiae. Femora, tibiae with slender scales. Fifth tarsomere of fore-, midlegs apically bilobed. Subapical tarsal claws, equal on hind leg, unequal on mid- and foreleg, midleg claw longer than those on foreleg. Empodia (Fig. 2D) thinner than setae at apex of 5th tarsomeres, with length similar to average diameter of 5th tarsomeres, with two bifid branches.
Abdomen (Fig. 1D). Light brown with gonocoxite darker than segments 8, 9.
Genitalia (Fig. 1D, 2E, F). Gonocoxite tapering apically (Fig. 2E); anteromedial region with group of elongate spicules; dorsobasal row with three strong setae, two more basal ones expanded apically bent, expanded; one thinner dorsal seta located more posteriorly; one thick subbasal setae on dorsomedial surface, two very thick subapical ones (anterior one thicker than the other) with bases joined by sclerotized plate. Gonostylus thick, with thickness nearly constant, only subbasal region slightly expanded, midlength slightly contracted; subbasal seta located posteroventrally at 0.2 of gonostylus, length about 0.25 of gonostylus; apical seta short, with two smaller setae (visible only with 1000x magnification) situated lateral, apicolaterally. Aedeagus (Fig. 2F) elongated, strongly tapered distally, with margins fused at apex.
Female and immatures. Unknown.
Distribution and biology. This species is known only from the single individual collected with a Malaise trap at the type locality, the Barro Branco stream, at Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, Manaus, AM. Barro Branco is a slow flowing, shallow stream, approximately 2m meters wide. It is surrounded by a fragment of Amazon rainforest just outside the limits of Manaus urban area.
Taxonomic Discussion. This species shares many of the synapomorphies which define the peruviana species group (as designated by Borkent, 2008), such as the presence of apically expanded and bent setae on the gonocoxite and the sclerotized plate at the sub-basal region. Inside the peruviana Lane group, other shared apomorphies reveal closer relationships with this species. The presence of scales on femora and elongate spicules on anteromedial area of gonocoxite place Corethrella munteantaroku sp. n. in the clade which includes C. peruviana Lane, C. ramentum Borkent, C. inornata Borkent, C. pallida Lane, and C. blanda Dyar. Borkent recognizes a synapomorphy which groups together C. pallida and C. blanda, that is the presence of a faint midlength band on the wing. Corethrella munteantaroku sp. n. also presents a wing band, however it is a discrete one, similar to other lineages along the genus. At the present time it is not possible to state whether the wing band in C. munteantaroku sp. n. is homologous to the ones in C. blanda and C. pallida.
description: Published as part of Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2019, Four new species and some new records of Brazilian frog-biting midges (Diptera Corethrellidae), pp. 103-120 in Zootaxa 4706 (1) on pages 107-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/3565117