cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gaussian Process Regression for Probabilistic Short-term Solar Output Forecast
Creators: name: Najibi, Fatemeh
name: Apostolopoulou, Dimitra
name: Alonso, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With increasing concerns of climate change, renewable resources such as photovoltaic (PV) have gained popularity as a means of energy generation. The smooth integration of such resources in power system operations is enabled by accurate forecasting mechanisms that address their inherent intermittency and variability. This paper proposes a probabilistic framework to predict short-term PV output taking into account the uncertainty of weather. To this end, we make use of datasets that comprise of power output and meteorological data such as irradiance, temperature, zenith, and azimuth. First, we categorise the data into four groups based on solar output and time by using k-means clustering. Next, a correlation study is performed to choose the weather features which affect solar output to a greater extent. Finally, we determine a function that relates the aforementioned selected features with solar output by using Gaussian Process Regression and Matern 5/2 as a kernel function. We validate our method with five solar generation plants in different locations and compare the results with existing methodologies. More specifically, in order to test the proposed model, two different methods are used: (i) 5-fold cross-validation; and (ii) holding out 30 random days as test data. To confirm the model accuracy, we apply our framework 30 independent times on each of the four clusters. The average error follows a normal distribution, and with 95% confidence level, it takes values between -1.6% to 1.4%.
The end of AIDS? HIV and the new landscape of illness in rural South Africa
Creators: name: Mojola, Sanyu A.
name: Angotti, Nicole
name: Denardo, Danielle
name: Schatz, Enid J.
name: Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The global HIV/AIDS scientific community has begun to hail the dawn of ‘the End of AIDS’ with widespread anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and dramatic declines in AIDS-related mortality. Drawing on community focus groups and in-depth individual interviews conducted in rural South Africa, we examine the complex unfolding of the end of AIDS in a hard-hit setting. We find that while widespread ART has led to declines in AIDS-related deaths, stigma persists and is now freshly motivated. We argue that the shifting landscape of illness in the community has produced a new interpretive lens through which to view living with HIV and dying from AIDS. Most adults have one or more chronic illnesses, and ART-managed HIV is now considered a preferred diagnosis because it is seen as easier to manage, more responsive to medication, and less dangerous compared to diseases like cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. Viewed through this comparative lens, dying from AIDS elicits stigmatising individual blame. We find that blame persists despite community acknowledgement of structural barriers to ART adherence. Setting the ending of AIDS within its wider health context sheds light on the complexities of the epidemiological and health transitions underway in much of the developing world.
Resonant laser excitation and time-domain imaging of chiral topological polariton edge states
Creators: name: Hofmann, Damian
name: Sentef, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of chiral edge states in topological polariton systems under laser driving. Using a model system comprised of topolgically trivial excitons and photons with a chiral coupling proposed by Karzig et al. [Phys. Rev. X 5, 031001 (2015)], we investigate the real-time dynamics of a lattice version of this model driven by a laser pulse. By analyzing the time- and momentum-resolved spectral function, measured by time- and angle-resolved photoluminescence in analogy with time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in electronic systems, we find that polaritonic states in a ribbon geometry are selectively excited via their resonance with the pump laser photon frequency. This selective excitation mechanism is independent of the necessity of strong laser pumping and polariton condensation. Our work highlights the potential of time-resolved spectroscopy as a complementary tool to real-space imaging for the investigation of topological edge state engineering in devices.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
The end of AIDS? HIV and the new landscape of illness in rural South Africa
Creators: name: Mojola, Sanyu A.
name: Angotti, Nicole
name: Denardo, Danielle
name: Schatz, Enid J.
name: Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier
Publisher: name: Global Public Health
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The global HIV/AIDS scientific community has begun to hail the dawn of ‘the End of AIDS’ with widespread anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and dramatic declines in AIDS-related mortality. Drawing on community focus groups and in-depth individual interviews conducted in rural South Africa, we examine the complex unfolding of the end of AIDS in a hard-hit setting. We find that while widespread ART has led to declines in AIDS-related deaths, stigma persists and is now freshly motivated. We argue that the shifting landscape of illness in the community has produced a new interpretive lens through which to view living with HIV and dying from AIDS. Most adults have one or more chronic illnesses, and ART-managed HIV is now considered a preferred diagnosis because it is seen as easier to manage, more responsive to medication, and less dangerous compared to diseases like cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. Viewed through this comparative lens, dying from AIDS elicits stigmatising individual blame. We find that blame persists despite community acknowledgement of structural barriers to ART adherence. Setting the ending of AIDS within its wider health context sheds light on the complexities of the epidemiological and health transitions underway in much of the developing world.
Unit Versus Ad Valorem Taxes: Monopoly In General Equilibrium
Creators: name: Blackorby, Charles
name: Murty, Sushama
name: Blackorby, Charles
name: Murty, Sushama
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Ad valorem taxes
subject: unit taxes
subject: monopoly

description: We show that if a monopoly sector is imbedded in a general equilibrium framework and profits are taxed at one hundred percent, then unit (specific) taxation and ad valorem taxation are welfare-wise equivalent. This is contrary to all known claims.
Markets with Bilateral Bargaining and Incomplete Information
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Kalyan
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Chatterjee, Kalyan
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study the relationship between bargaining and competition with incomplete information. We consider a model with two uninformed and identical buyers and two sellers. One of the sellers has a privately-known reservation price, which can either be Low or High. The other seller’s reservation price is commonly known to be in between the Low and High values of the privately-informed seller. Buyers move in sequence, and make offers with the second buyer observing the offer made by the first buyer. The sellers respond simultaneously. We show that there are two types of (perfect Bayes) equilibrium. In one equilibrium, the buyer who moves second does better. In the second equilibrium, buyers’ expected payoffs are equalised, and the price received by the seller with the known reservation value is determined entirely by the equuilibrium of the two-player game between a single buyer and an informed seller. We also discuss extensions of the model to multiple buyers and sellers, and to the case where both sellers are privately informed.
Ritual, scenska igra i liturgijska drama
Creators: name: Pavicevic, Jovana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 190404 Drama, Theatre and Performance Studies
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: Drama

description: Istraživanja vizantijskog pozorišta se često zasnivaju na pretpostavkama da Istočno rimsko carstvo, kao oličenje sukoba kulturnog nasleđa i vere, nije poklanjalo veliku pažnju dramskom stvaralaštvu, i stoga se određeni tekstovi uglavnom ubrajaju u „religijski teatar“ kao sastavni deo liturgije, a ne kao prava scenska umetnost. Polazeći od rezultata istraživanja Venecije Kotas objavljenih u knjizi Pozorište u Vizantiji (1931) rad ima za cilj da ispita poreklo drame u ritualu, igri i paganskim svetkovinama, zatim prilagođavanje tragičkog pesništva potrebama hrišćanske drame i njenom kasnijem uticaju na razvoj dramske umetnosti.
Additional file 1 of Using mHealth to promote parents’ brushing of preschool children’s teeth: a protocol for a randomized factorial trial using the Multi-phase Optimization Strategy (MOST)
Creators: name: Ihab, Merna
name: El Din, Wafaa Essam
name: Ammar, Nour
name: Yassin, Randa
name: El Tantawi, Maha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1 Acceptability of Proposed Intervention Components. Appendix 2 World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Questionnaire.
Thermal quantum gravity condensates in group field theory cosmology
Creators: name: Assanioussi, Mehdi
name: Kotecha, Isha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The condensate cosmology programme of group field theory has produced several interesting results. The key idea is in the suggestion that a macroscopic homogeneous spacetime can be approximated by a dynamical condensate phase of the underlying microscopic system of an arbitrarily large number of candidate quanta of geometry. In this work, we extend the standard treatments in two ways: by using a class of thermal condensates, the coherent thermal states, which encode statistical fluctuations in quantum geometry; and, by introducing a suitable class of smearing functions as non-singular, well-behaved generalisations for relational clock frames in group field theory. In particular, we investigate an effective relational cosmological dynamics for homogeneous and isotropic spacetimes, extracted from a class of free group field theory models, and subsequently investigate aspects of its late and early times evolution. We find the correct classical limit of Friedmann equations at late times, with a bounce and accelerated expansion at early times. Specifically, we find additional correction terms in the evolution equations corresponding to the statistical contribution of the new thermal condensates in general; and, a higher upper bound on the number of e-folds, even without including any interactions.
description: v2, 16 pages, improved presentation with additional remarks in Sec. III D, minor changes elsewhere, results unchanged, published version
Correlated Equilibria, Incomplete Information and Coalitional Deviations
Creators: name: Bloch, Francis
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Bloch, Francis
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: correlated equilibrium
subject: coalitions
subject: information sharing
subject: games with positive externalities

description: This paper proposes new concepts of strong and coalition-proof correlated equilibria where agents form coalitions at the interim stage and share information about their recommendations in a credible way. When players deviate at the interim stage, coalition-proof correlated equilibria may fail to exist for two-player games. However, coalitionproof correlated equilibria always exist in dominance-solvable games and in games with positive externalities and binary actions.
Is the Iceberg Melting Less Quickly? International Trade Costs after World War II
Creators: name: Novy, Dennis
name: Novy, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade Costs
subject: Gravity
subject: Distance
subject: Economic Integration

description: International trade costs are of vital importance because they determine trade patterns and therefore economic performance. This paper develops a new micro-founded measure of international trade costs. It is based on a multicountry general equilibrium model of trade that incorporates bilateral ìicebergî trade costs. The model results in a gravity equation from which the implied trade costs can be easily computed. The trade cost measure is intuitive, takes multilateral resistance into account and yields empirical results that are economically sensible. It is found that during the post-World War II period trade costs have declined markedly. The dispersion of trade costs across countries can best be explained by geographical and historical factors like distance and colonial linkages but also by tari§s and free trade agreements.
Understanding real-time time-dependent density-functional theory simulations of ultrafast laser-induced dynamics in organic molecules
Creators: name: Krumland, Jannis
name: Valencia, Ana M.
name: Pittalis, Stefano
name: Rozzi, Carlo A.
name: Cocchi, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-time time-dependent density functional theory, in conjunction with the Ehrenfest molecular dynamics scheme, is becoming a popular methodology to investigate ultrafast phenomena on the nanoscale. Thanks to recent developments, it is also possible to explicitly include in the simulations a time-dependent laser pulse, thereby accessing the transient excitation regime. However, the complexity entailed in these calculations calls for in-depth analysis of the accessible and yet approximate (either "dressed" or "bare") quantities, in order to evaluate their ability to provide us with a realistic picture of the simulated processes. In this work, we analyze the ultrafast dynamics of three small molecules (ethylene, benzene, and thiophene) excited by a resonant laser pulse in the framework of the adiabatic local-density approximation. The electronic response to the laser perturbation in terms of induced dipole moment and excited-state population is compared to the results given by an exactly solvable two-level model. In this way, we can interpret the charge-carrier dynamics in terms of simple estimators, such as the number of excited electrons. From the computed transient absorption spectra we unravel the appearance of nonlinear effects such as excited-state absorption and vibronic coupling. In this way, we observe that the laser excitation affects the vibrational spectrum by enhancing the anharmonicities therein while the coherent vibrational motion contributes to stabilize the electronic excitation already within a few tens of femtoseconds.
description: Supplemental information available on the journal page
Hedge Your Costs: Exchange Rate Risk and Endogenous Currency Invoicing
Creators: name: Novy, Dennis
name: Novy, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Invoicing Currency
subject: Exchange Rate Risk
subject: Hedging

description: The choice of invoicing currency for trade is crucial for the international transmission of macroeconomic policy. This paper develops a three-country model that endogenizes the choice of invoicing currency and that allows for a share of Örmsícosts to be denominated in foreign currency, consistent with the empirical evidence on the high degree of pass-through to import prices. Invoicing decisions are driven by Örmsídesire to hedge costs but also by exchange rate volatility and currency comovements. The model is tested empirically with a data set that spans ten currencies and 24 reporting countries, conÖrming the importance of currency comovements for the decision to invoice in vehicle currency. The Öndings also imply that if the U.S. share of world output continues to fall, other currencies will increasingly replace the U.S. dollar as an international vehicle currency.
Additional file 1 of The impact of loss of PEPFAR support on HIV services at health facilities in low-burden districts in Uganda
Creators: name: Zakumumpa, Henry
name: Paina, Ligia
name: Wilhelm, Jess
name: Ssengooba, Freddie
name: Ssegujja, Eric
name: Mukuru, Moses
name: Bennett, Sara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. IDI Guide with facility in-charges.
Quantifying the restrictiveness of local housing authority policies toward people with criminal justice histories : United States, 2009-2018
Creators: name: Purtle, Jonathan
name: Gebrekristos, Luwam T.
name: Keene, Danya E.
name: Schlesinger, Penelope
name: Niccolai, Linda M.
name: Blankenship, Kim
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Objectives. To quantify variation in the restrictiveness of local public housing authority policies related to the admission and eviction of people with criminal justice histories. Methods. We conducted content analysis of housing authority policy documents for US cities with a population of 100 000 or more (n = 152). Factor analysis identified policy provisions to create a restrictiveness score (range = 0-8). We explored associations between restrictiveness scores and city-level measures of racial/ethnic diversity, racial/ethnic neighborhood segregation, ideology, and public housing scarcity. Results. Eight policy provisions, 6 relating to consideration of mitigating circumstances, explained 71.0% of the variance in housing authority policy provisions related to criminal justice histories. We observed small but significant positive associations between restrictiveness scores and racial/ethnic diversity (r = 0.22) and neighborhood segregation (r = 0.18). There was no correlation between restrictiveness scores of housing authorities within the same state (intraclass correlation = 0.0002). Conclusions. Housing authority policies vary substantially regarding the circumstances under which people with criminal justice histories can obtain and retain public housing. Exposure to constellations of policy provisions that might institutionalize health inequities and increase health risk among people with criminal justice histories can be quantified through a systematic process.
A constrained scheme for Einstein equations based on Dirac gauge and spherical coordinates
Creators: name: Bonazzola, S.
name: Gourgoulhon, E.
name: Grandclement, P.
name: Novak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new formulation for 3+1 numerical relativity, based on a constrained scheme and a generalization of Dirac gauge to spherical coordinates. This is made possible thanks to the introduction of a flat 3-metric on the spatial hypersurfaces t=const, which corresponds to the asymptotic structure of the physical 3-metric induced by the spacetime metric. Thanks to the joint use of Dirac gauge, maximal slicing and spherical components of tensor fields, the ten Einstein equations are reduced to a system of five quasi-linear elliptic equations (including the Hamiltonian and momentum constraints) coupled to two quasi-linear scalar wave equations. The remaining three degrees of freedom are fixed by the Dirac gauge. Indeed this gauge allows a direct computation of the spherical components of the conformal metric from the two scalar potentials which obey the wave equations. We present some numerical evolution of 3-D gravitational wave spacetimes which demonstrates the stability of the proposed scheme.
description: Difference w.r.t. v1: Major revision: improved presentation of the tensor wave equation and addition of the first results from a numerical implementation; w.r.t. v2: Minor changes: improved conclusion and figures; w.r.t. v3: Minors changes, 1 figure added; 25 pages, 13 figures, REVTeX, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Taxes and Employment Subsidies in Optimal Redistribution Programs
Creators: name: Beaudry, Paul
name: Blackorby, Charles
name: Beaudry, Paul
name: Blackorby, Charles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Taxation
subject: Redistribution
subject: Wage Subsidies Screening

description: This paper explores how to optimally set tax and transfers when taxation authorities: (1) are uninformed about individuals’ value of time in both market and non-market activities and (2) can observe both market-income and time allocated to market employment. In contrast to much of the optimal income taxation literature, we show that optimal redistribution in this environment involves distorting market employment upwards for low net-income individuals through phased-out wage-contingent employment subsidies, and distorting employment downward for high net-income individuals through positive and increasing marginal income tax rate. We also show that workfare may also be used as part of an optimal redistribution program.
Merger Simulations of Unilateral Effects: What Can We Learn from the UK Brewing Industry?
Creators: name: Slade, Margaret E.
name: Slade, Margaret E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Unilateral effects
subject: horizontal merger simulations
subject: UK brewing

description: I discuss the use of simulation techniques to evaluate unilateral effects of horizontal mergers and the pitfalls that one can encounter when using them. Simple econometric models are desirable because they can be implemented in a short period of time and can be understood by non experts. Unfortunately, their predictions are often misleading. Complex models are more reliable but they require more time to implement and are less transparent. The use of merger simulations and the sensitivity of predictions to modeling choices is illustrated with an application to mergers in the UK brewing industry. There have been a number of brewing mergers that have changed the structure of the UK market, as well as proposed but unconsummated mergers that would have had even more profound effects. I assess two of them: the successful merger between Scottish&Newcastle and Courage and the proposed merger between Bass and Carlsberg–Tetley.
Evaluating taxonomic inflation: towards evidence-based species delimitation in Eurasian vipers (Serpentes: Viperinae)
Creators: name: Freitas, Inês
name: Ursenbacher, Sylvain
name: Mebert, Konrad
name: Zinenko, Oleksandr
name: Schweiger, Silke
name: Wüster, Wolfgang
name: Brito, José C.
name: Crnobrnja-Isailović, Jelka
name: Halpern, Bálint
name: Fahd, Soumia
name: Santos, Xavier
name: Pleguezuelos, Juan M.
name: Joger, Ulrich
name: Orlov, Nikolay
name: Edvárd Mizsei
name: Lourdais, Olivier
name: Zuffi, Marco A. L.
name: Strugariu, Alexandru
name: Ștefan Remus Zamfirescu
name: Martínez-Solano, Íñigo
name: Velo-Antón, Guillermo
name: Kaliontzopoulou, Antigoni
name: Martínez-Freiría, Fernando
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The designation of taxonomic units has important implications for the understanding and conservation of biodiversity. Eurasian vipers are a monophyletic group of viperid snakes (Serpentes, Viperinae), currently comprising four genera (Daboia, Macrovipera, Montivipera and Vipera) and up to 40 species. Taxonomic units have been described using a wide variety of methods and criteria, and consequently, considerable controversy still surrounds the validity of some currently listed species. In order to promote a consensus- and evidence-based taxonomy of Eurasian vipers, we analysed published mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences for this group to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among currently recognized viper species. We also compiled information on external morphology to assess their morphological distinctiveness. Phylogenetic inference based on mtDNA sequences shows contrasting levels of divergence across genera and species and identifies several instances of non-monophyly in described species. Nuclear DNA sequences show extremely low levels of genetic variation, with a widespread pattern of allele sharing among distant species, and even among genera. Revision of morphological data shows that most species designations rely on scalation traits that overlap extensively among species of the same genus. Based on our combined assessment, we recognize 15 taxa as valid species, three taxa which likely represent species complexes, 17 taxa of doubtful validity as species, and five taxa for which species status is maintained but further research is highly recommended to assess taxonomic arrangements. We stress the need to implement integrative taxonomic approaches for the recognition of evidence-based taxonomic units in Eurasian vipers.
Quark-antiquark composite systems:the Bethe--Salpeter equation in the spectral-integration technique in the case of the different quark masses
Creators: name: Anisovich, A. V.
name: Anisovich, V. V.
name: Markov, V. N.
name: Matveev, M. A.
name: Sarantsev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bethe--Salpeter equations for the quark-antiquark composite systems with different quark masses, such as $q\bar s$ (with $q=u$,$d$), $q\bar Q$ and $s \bar Q$ (with $Q=c$,$b$), are written in terms of spectral integrals. For the mesons characterized by the mass $M$, spin $J$ and radial quantum number $n$, the equations are presented for the $(n,M^2)$-trajectories with fixed $J$. In the spectral-integral technique one can use the energy-dependent forces and get beyond instantaneous approximation. The mixing between states with different quark spin $S$ and angular momentum $L$ are also discussed.
description: 24 pages
Quantifying the restrictiveness of local housing authority policies toward people with criminal justice histories : United States, 2009-2018
Creators: name: Purtle, Jonathan
name: Gebrekristos, Luwam T.
name: Keene, Danya E.
name: Schlesinger, Penelope
name: Niccolai, Linda M.
name: Blankenship, Kim
Publisher: name: American Journal of Public Health
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Objectives. To quantify variation in the restrictiveness of local public housing authority policies related to the admission and eviction of people with criminal justice histories. Methods. We conducted content analysis of housing authority policy documents for US cities with a population of 100 000 or more (n = 152). Factor analysis identified policy provisions to create a restrictiveness score (range = 0-8). We explored associations between restrictiveness scores and city-level measures of racial/ethnic diversity, racial/ethnic neighborhood segregation, ideology, and public housing scarcity. Results. Eight policy provisions, 6 relating to consideration of mitigating circumstances, explained 71.0% of the variance in housing authority policy provisions related to criminal justice histories. We observed small but significant positive associations between restrictiveness scores and racial/ethnic diversity (r = 0.22) and neighborhood segregation (r = 0.18). There was no correlation between restrictiveness scores of housing authorities within the same state (intraclass correlation = 0.0002). Conclusions. Housing authority policies vary substantially regarding the circumstances under which people with criminal justice histories can obtain and retain public housing. Exposure to constellations of policy provisions that might institutionalize health inequities and increase health risk among people with criminal justice histories can be quantified through a systematic process.
Combining Learning and Optimization for Transprecision Computing
Creators: name: Borghesi, Andrea
name: Tagliavini, Giuseppe
name: Lombardi, Michele
name: Benini, Luca
name: Milano, Michela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing demands of the worldwide IT infrastructure stress the need for reduced power consumption, which is addressed in so-called transprecision computing by improving energy efficiency at the expense of precision. For example, reducing the number of bits for some floating-point operations leads to higher efficiency, but also to a non-linear decrease of the computation accuracy. Depending on the application, small errors can be tolerated, thus allowing to fine-tune the precision of the computation. Finding the optimal precision for all variables in respect of an error bound is a complex task, which is tackled in the literature via heuristics. In this paper, we report on a first attempt to address the problem by combining a Mathematical Programming (MP) model and a Machine Learning (ML) model, following the Empirical Model Learning methodology. The ML model learns the relation between variables precision and the output error; this information is then embedded in the MP focused on minimizing the number of bits. An additional refinement phase is then added to improve the quality of the solution. The experimental results demonstrate an average speedup of 6.5\% and a 3\% increase in solution quality compared to the state-of-the-art. In addition, experiments on a hardware platform capable of mixed-precision arithmetic (PULPissimo) show the benefits of the proposed approach, with energy savings of around 40\% compared to fixed-precision.
Do foster care agencies discriminate against gay couples? evidence from a correspondence study
Creators: name: Mackenzie-Liu, Mattie
name: Schwegman, David J.
name: Lopoo, Leonard M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There has been considerable recent debate regarding proposed policies that would allow foster care administrators to discriminate on the basis of the sexual orientation of the foster parent. To date, however, we know very little about the level of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the foster care system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical investigation to ask whether foster care agencies, the public, and nonprofit firms that facilitate foster care placements respond similarly to e-mails sent by fictitious same-sex and heterosexual couples who inquire about becoming foster parents. Our results suggest that, while foster care agencies respond at somewhat similar rates to gay male couples, gay female couples, and heterosexual couples, responses sent to gay males are of lower quality. Gay males receive much shorter responses that take longer to receive. Responses to gay male couples are also less likely to include essential information about the process of becoming a foster parent, such as details about informational sessions or being given an application. We do not find any evidence of differential treatment towards same-sex female couples.
Additional file 1 of Multi-loop traction device facilitates gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: ex vivo pilot study and an inaugural clinical experience
Creators: name: Matsui, Hiroaki
name: Tamai, Naoto
name: Futakuchi, Toshiki
name: Kamba, Shunsuke
name: Dobashi, Akira
name: Sumiyama, Kazuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinical experience of the endoscopists.
Do foster care agencies discriminate against gay couples? evidence from a correspondence study
Creators: name: Mackenzie-Liu, Mattie
name: Schwegman, David J.
name: Lopoo, Leonard M.
Publisher: name: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: There has been considerable recent debate regarding proposed policies that would allow foster care administrators to discriminate on the basis of the sexual orientation of the foster parent. To date, however, we know very little about the level of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the foster care system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical investigation to ask whether foster care agencies, the public, and nonprofit firms that facilitate foster care placements respond similarly to e-mails sent by fictitious same-sex and heterosexual couples who inquire about becoming foster parents. Our results suggest that, while foster care agencies respond at somewhat similar rates to gay male couples, gay female couples, and heterosexual couples, responses sent to gay males are of lower quality. Gay males receive much shorter responses that take longer to receive. Responses to gay male couples are also less likely to include essential information about the process of becoming a foster parent, such as details about informational sessions or being given an application. We do not find any evidence of differential treatment towards same-sex female couples.
Witnessing non-Markovian effects of quantum processes through Hilbert-Schmidt speed
Creators: name: Jahromi, Hossein Rangani
name: Mahdavipour, Kobra
name: Shadfar, Mahshid Khazaei
name: Franco, Rosario Lo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Markovian effects can speed up the dynamics of quantum systems while the limits of the evolution time can be derived by quantifiers of quantum statistical speed. We introduce a witness for characterizing the non-Markovianity of quantum evolutions through the Hilbert-Schmidt speed (HSS), which is a special type of quantum statistical speed. This witness has the advantage of not requiring diagonalization of evolved density matrix. Its sensitivity is investigated by considering several paradigmatic instances of open quantum systems, such as one qubit subject to phase-covariant noise and Pauli channel, two independent qubits locally interacting with leaky cavities, V-type and $Λ$-type three-level atom (qutrit) in a dissipative cavity. We show that the proposed HSS-based non-Markovianity witness detects memory effects in agreement with the well-established trace distance-based witness, being sensitive to system-environment information backflows.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Improved version, to appear on Physical Review A
Production of Green Concrete Using Ceramic Wastes
Creators: name: Mojahed Abd Alkhaleg Edrees
name: Yousif, Yousif Mohammed
name: Jamal, Haifa Abd Algader
name: Elrahman, Amel Mohammed Abd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90503 Construction Materials
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Green concrete is a concept of thinking environment into concrete considering every part from raw materials production over mix design to structural design, construction, and service life. Green concrete is also inexpensive to produce because, waste products are used as partial substitute for cement, and charges for the disposal are avoided by the use of green concrete. It is possible to reduce the CO2 emission in atmosphere towards eco-friendly construction technique In this research partial replacement of cement at different percentage of composition (5, 10, 20, and30) %. they were tested after 28 days for compression strength. From the study, we conclude that ceramic wastes are suitable to be used as substitution for partial substitution in cement production. They were found to be performing better than normal concrete, in properties such as density and compressive strength which had increased 8.9% from the standard mixing.
Facets of the PIE Environment for Proving, Interpolating and Eliminating on the Basis of First-Order Logic
Creators: name: Wernhard, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: PIE is a Prolog-embedded environment for automated reasoning on the basis of first-order logic. Its main focus is on formulas, as constituents of complex formalizations that are structured through formula macros, and as outputs of reasoning tasks such as second-order quantifier elimination and Craig interpolation. It supports a workflow based on documents that intersperse macro definitions, invocations of reasoners, and LaTeX-formatted natural language text. Starting from various examples, the paper discusses features and application possibilities of PIE along with current limitations and issues for future research.
description: To appear in DECLARE 2019 Revised Selected Papers. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.11137
Lasing in para-Fermi class-B microring resonator arrays
Creators: name: Padrón-Godínez, A.
name: Jaramillo-Ávila, B.
name: Rodríguez-Lara, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate lasing in arrays of microring resonators with underlying para-Fermi symmetry. The properties of the algebra allow the analytic prediction of propagation constants and normal modes of an array of passive resonators that show the optical analogue of a zero-energy mode that is its own chiral pair. The rest of the normal modes in the linear model form chiral pairs that are evenly distributed around the pseudo zero-energy mode. We use this information to construct a class-B laser model where even and odd sites are driven with different strength in a pattern following para-Fermi algebra chirality to demonstrate lasing with enhancement or suppression of the zero-energy mode. Zero-energy mode lasing is stable to initial conditions for a large set of driving ratios. Lasing with zero-energy mode suppression is unstable and more susceptible to initial field configurations.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Social capital and delinquency in Bagcilar, Turkey
Creators: name: Williams, James L.
name: Cubukcu, Suat
name: Sadri, Mahmound
name: Rodeheaver, Daniel G.
name: Akhter, Morsheda
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There is a growing literature on social capital and delinquency. Most research has been done in Western industrial countries, has used limited measures of delinquency, and has employed surveys developed locally as opposed to using internationally validated instruments. Using data from the European Youth Survey, this study addresses these limitations by examining the relationship between social capital and self-reported delinquency among Turkish juveniles. The data were collected from a sample of tenth graders in 2007 in Bagcilar neighborhood of Istanbul. Self-reported delinquency was divided into two categories, major and minor, based on the Turkish Penal Code. Social capital was measured by assessing adolescents’ reports of their direct interactions with parents, peers and community. To predict the likelihood of major and minor delinquency independently, two different subsets (n = 1,879 and n = 1,837) of the data were used. Findings indicate that the presence of family social capital and community social capital had significant negative relationships with both major and minor delinquency. The presence of delinquent peers was significantly associated with both increases in major and minor delinquency. Overall, our findings suggest that social capital was negatively related to Turkish juveniles’ self-reported involvement in major and minor delinquent activities.
Magnetic relaxation of exchange biased (Pt/Co) multilayers studied by time-resolved Kerr microscopy
Creators: name: Romanens, Fabien
name: Pizzini, Stefania
name: Yokaichiya, Fabiano
name: Bonfim, Marlio
name: Pennec, Yan
name: Camarero, Julio
name: Vogel, Jan
name: Sort, Jordi
name: Garcia, Flavio
name: Rodmacq, Bernard
name: Dieny, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization relaxation of exchange biased (Pt/Co)5/Pt/IrMn multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy was investigated by time-resolved Kerr microscopy. Magnetization reversal occurs by nucleation and domain wall propagation for both descending and ascending applied fields, but a much larger nucleation density is observed for the descending branch, where the field is applied antiparallel to the exchange bias field direction. These results can be explained by taking into account the presence of local inhomogeneities of the exchange bias field.
description: To appear in Physical Review B (October 2005)
Power spectra of solar brightness variations at different inclinations
Creators: name: Nèmec, N. -E.
name: Shapiro, A. I.
name: Krivova, N. A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Tagirov, R. V.
name: Cameron, R. H.
name: Dreizler, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic features on the surfaces of cool stars cause variations of their brightness. Such variations have been extensively studied for the Sun. Recent planet-hunting space telescopes allowed measuring brightness variations in hundred thousands of other stars. The new data posed the question of how typical is the Sun as a variable star. Putting solar variability into the stellar context suffers, however, from the bias of solar observations being made from its near-equatorial plane, whereas stars are observed at all possible inclinations. We model solar brightness variations at timescales from days to years as they would be observed at different inclinations. In particular, we consider the effect of the inclination on the power spectrum of solar brightness variations. The variations are calculated in several passbands routinely used for stellar measurements. We employ the Surface Flux Transport Model (SFTM) to simulate the time-dependent spatial distribution of magnetic features on both near- and far-sides of the Sun. This distribution is then used to calculate solar brightness variations following the SATIRE (Spectral And Total Irradiance REconstruction) approach. We have quantified the effect of the inclination on solar brightness variability at timescales down to a day. Thus, our results allow making solar brightness records directly comparable to those obtained by the planet-hunting space telescopes. Furthermore, we decompose solar brightness variations into the components originating from the solar rotation and from the evolution of magnetic features.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures plus 3 additional figures in the appendix, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Real Exchange Rates Over the Past Two Centuries: How Important is the Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson Effect?
Creators: name: Lothian, James R.
name: Taylor, Mark P.
name: Lothian, James R.
name: Taylor, Mark P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: purchasing power parity
subject: real exchange rate
subject: nonlinear dynamics
subject: Harrod-Balassa-Samuelson effect
subject: productivity differentials

description: Using data since 1820 for the US, the UK and France, we test for the presence of real effects on the equilibrium real exchange rate (the HarrodBalassa-Samuelson, HBS effect) in an explicitly nonlinear framework and allowing for shifts in real exchange rate volatility across nominal regimes. A statistically signi&cant HBS effect for sterling-dollar captures its longrun trend and explains a proportion of variation in changes in the real rate that is proportional to the time horizon of the change. There is signi&cant evidence of nonlinear reversion towards long-run equilibrium and downwards shifts in volatility during &xed nominal exchange rate regimes.
Sun-Heliosphere Observation-based Ionization Rates Model
Creators: name: Sokół, Justyna M.
name: McComas, D. J.
name: Bzowski, M.
name: Tokumaru, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar wind (SW) and the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation modulate fluxes of interstellar and heliospheric particles inside the heliosphere both in time and in space. Understanding this modulation is necessary to correctly interpret measurements of particles of interstellar origin inside the heliosphere. We present a revision of heliospheric ionization rates and provide the Sun-Heliosphere Observation-based Ionization Rates (SHOIR) model based on the currently available data. We calculate the total ionization rates using revised SW and solar EUV data. We study the in-ecliptic variation of the SW parameters, the latitudinal structure of the SW speed and density, and the reconstruction of the photoionization rates. The revision most affects the SW out of the ecliptic plane during solar maximum and the estimation of the photoionization rates, the latter due to a change of the reference data. The revised polar SW is slower and denser during the solar maximum of solar cycle (SC) 24. The current estimated total ionization rates are higher than the previous ones for H, O, and Ne, and lower for He. The changes for the in-ecliptic total ionization rates are less than 10% for H and He, up to 20% for O, and up to 35% for Ne. Additionally, the changes are not constant in time and vary as a function of time and latitude.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables; published in The Astrophysical Journal 897:179 (21pp)