cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advancing Lipidomic Bioinformatics: Visualization and phosphoLipid IDentification (VaLID)
Creators: name: McDowell, Graeme S.V.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lipidomics
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Mass Spectrometry
subject: Program
subject: Lipids
subject: Synaptosomes
subject: Phospholipids
subject: VaLID

description: Lipidomics is a relatively new field under the heading of systems biology. Due to its infancy, the field suffers from significant ‘growing pains’, one of which is the lack of bioinformatic analytic resources that other “-omics” fields enjoy. Here, I describe the creation and validation of the glycerophospholipid identification program VaLID. Using an in silico approach, we generated a comprehensive database containing all of the glycerophospholipids within multiple sub-classes: those containing chains of 0 to 30 carbons with up to 6 unsaturations and various linkages. Using Java, I created a web- based computer interface with a search engine and a visualization tool to access this database. In comparing results to current programs, I found that VaLID consistently contained more identity predictions than did the current gold standard LipidMAPS. Results from several tests with real datasets confirm that VaLID is more than capable as a phospholipid identification tool for use in lipidomics.
Chemical and Advanced Micromechanical Characterisation of Aged Thermal Barrier Coatings
Creators: name: Patel, Minal
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Thermal barrier coating
subject: Micropillar compression
subject: Characterisation
subject: Focused Ion Beam Milling
subject: Failure Analysis
subject: Materials Engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Gas turbine engines operate at extreme temperatures above 900 °C, requiring thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to protect engine components. TBCs consist of a metallic bond coat, a thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer, and a ceramic top coat (TC). Their failure can severely impact engine reliability, making the understanding of their micro-mechanical properties crucial for resistance to mechanical stresses, deformation, cracking, and delamination. This study aimed to acquire localised mechanical properties and microstructural information to better understand sub-surface TBC failures, using advanced characterisation methods, providing data for improved lifetime predictions. Microstructural and compositional analyses were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). This research performed micro-pillar compression tests on TBCs and used plasma-focused ion beam (PFIB) milling for high-resolution 3D reconstruction of the TBC microstructure. These techniques allow for unprecedented insights into the localised behaviour of TBC layers. Influence of ageing conditions was studied through SEM imaging and EDS analysis, revealing increasing ageing time (8 hours to 1000 hours) caused severe degradation, compared to increasing temperature (950 °C to 1100 °C). PFIB data collection for 3D reconstruction yielded high-resolution datasets, though 3D segmentation of microstructural features such as cracks was unsuccessful. Micropillar compression testing methodology was developed to understand localised failure mechanisms. In-situ qualitative data was obtained on the localised failure mechanisms in the micropillars during compression. The mechanical response of pillars containing TGO varied due to different proportions of TBC layers. Notably, pillars from samples aged at 1100 °C for 8 h showed significantly lower ultimate compressive strength compared to those aged at 950 °C for 8 hours. The preferential crack pathway was found at the TC/TGO interface. This study provides essential insights into the micro-mechanical behaviour and failure mechanisms of TBCs, which are critical for enhancing their durability and predicting their lifetime under various operational conditions.
Construction of a non-Gaussian and rotation-invariant $Φ^4$-measure and associated flow on ${\mathbb R}^3$ through stochastic quantization
Creators: name: Albeverio, Sergio
name: Kusuoka, Seiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S20, 81T08, 60H15, 35Q40, 35R60, 35K58

description: A new construction of non-Gaussian, rotation-invariant and reflection positive probability measures $μ$ associated with the $φ^4_3$-model of quantum field theory is presented. Our construction uses a combination of semigroup methods, and methods of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) for finding solutions and stationary measures of the natural stochastic quantization associated with the $φ^4_3$-model. Our starting point is a suitable approximation $μ_{M,N}$ of the measure $μ$ we intend to construct. $μ_{M,N}$ is parametrized by an $M$-dependent space cut-off function $ρ_M: {\mathbb R}^3\rightarrow {\mathbb R}$ and an $N$-dependent momentum cut-off function $ψ_N: \widehat{\mathbb R}^3 \cong {\mathbb R}^3 \rightarrow {\mathbb R}$, that act on the interaction term (nonlinear term and counterterms). The corresponding family of stochastic quantization equations yields solutions $(X_t^{M,N}, t\geq 0)$ that have $μ_{M,N}$ as an invariant probability measure. By a combination of probabilistic and functional analytic methods for singular stochastic differential equations on negative-indices weighted Besov spaces (with rotation invariant weights) we prove the tightness of the family of continuous processes $(X_t^{M,N},t \geq 0)_{M,N}$. Limit points in the sense of convergence in law exist, when both $M$ and $N$ diverge to $+\infty$. The limit processes $(X_t; t\geq 0)$ are continuous on the intersection of suitable Besov spaces and any limit point $μ$ of the $μ_{M,N}$ is a stationary measure of $X$. $μ$ is shown to be a rotation-invariant and non-Gaussian probability measure and we provide results on its support. It is also proven that $μ$ satisfies a further important property belonging to the family of axioms for Euclidean quantum fields, it is namely reflection positive.
description: 103 pages. We corrected the second renormalization constant, the propositions in Section 3 and their proofs
Opening the black box of eating out food waste in China.
Creators: name: Jin, Yingying
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Food waste is a compelling research topic due to the way in which its environmental, social, and economic impacts accumulate throughout the food supply chain. However, it is a tremendously under-researched area in the social sciences, particularly in relation to service provision. Efforts to reduce food waste, particularly at the consumption stage, are especially meaningful for people in China. This is because the country must sustain more than one-fifth of the world’s population with only limited food-related resources. Moreover, in contrast to Western countries, consumer waste in China mainly arises from restaurants as opposed to households. Therefore, to reduce food waste in service provision in China, it is worth examining the formation of food waste at the consumption stage. To overcome the theoretical dualism that exists between individualism and structuralism in the study of food consumption and waste, this research is grounded in various strands of theories of practice. It investigates both the ‘saying’ and ‘doing’ aspects of eating practices in-situ, as well as the nexuses between a collection of integrative practices through the examination of ‘practical sense’. It is also an important element established in eating practices between habitus and the field of dining-out. Ethnographic methods were employed to acquire knowledge over a four-month period in 2017 in two Chinese cities: 26 in-depth semi-structured interviews and 16 eat-along sessions. A suite of creative methods was also used to gather a range of interview data, including photographs, table-elicitation, and Play-Doh. The findings suggest that eating-out food practices are constituted of the following integrative practices: social organisation of meal occasions, judgement of aesthetic qualities, judgement of bodily capacity, and judgement of food functionality. Amongst these four practices, waste of food left on plates was attributed to its materiality, practice conventionality, and temporality. This is because it influenced participants’ perceptions regarding food edibility and waste inevitability. Key factors contributing to food waste included the perceived inevitability of social circumstances and the perceived risk of consuming leftover food, due to its perishable nature and the temporal distance to the next mealtime. Accordingly, this study indicates that food waste is associated with a set of food practices that should always be considered in the field of practice, particularly in terms of the surrounding material, social, and temporal dimensions, rather than as an isolated, discrete phenomenon.
Small Molecule Ice Recrystallization Inhibitors and Their Use in Methane Clathrate Inhibition
Creators: name: Tonelli, Devin L.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Clathrate
Ice Recrystallization
Carbohydrate Chemistry
Ice Recrystallization Inhibition
Amine Carbohydrates

description: Inhibiting the formation of ice is an essential process commercially, industrially, and medically. Compounds that work to stop the formation of ice have historically possessed drawbacks such as toxicity or prohibitively high active concentrations. One class of molecules, ice recrystallization inhibitors, work to reduce the damage caused by the combination of small ice crystals into larger ones. Recent advances made by the Ben lab have identified small molecule carbohydrate analogues that are highly active in the field of ice recrystallization and have potential in the cryopreservation of living tissue. A similar class of molecules, kinetic hydrate inhibitors, work to prevent the formation of another type of ice – gas hydrate. Gas hydrates are formed by the encapsulation of a molecule of a hydrocarbon inside a growing ice crystal. These compounds become problematic in high pressure and low temperature areas where methane is present - such as an oil pipeline. A recent study has highlighted the effects of antifreeze glycoprotein, a biological ice recrystallization inhibitor, in the inhibition of methane clathrates. Connecting these two fields through the synthesis and testing of small molecule ice recrystallization inhibitors in the inhibition of methane hydrates is unprecedented and may lead to a novel class of compounds.
The Effect of Amyloid-Beta on the Insulin Signalling Pathway in Neuroblastoma 2a (N2a) Cells: The Characterization of Insulin Resistance in Alzheimer’s Disease
Creators: name: Yuka, Sai
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Alzheimer's disease
neurodegeneration
amyloid beta binding protein
cell signalling
amyloid beta
PI3K/Akt
mTOR

description: 7Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by accumulation and deposition of extracellular beta-amyloid peptides (Aβ) and intra-neuronal hyperphosphorylated tau in the brain. The insulin signalling pathway begins upstream at the insulin receptor (IR), where the intracellular insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is phosphorylated, thus propagating the signal downstream to the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, which affects both the glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), which is a tau kinase, and mTOR, which is a critical part of the mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes that not only mediate a wide range of cell functions, but also feed back upstream to regulate Akt. Increasing evidence builds a strong case for the role of soluble Aβ oligomers (AβOs) in the impairment of insulin signalling in AD. Our in vitro studies with neuroblastoma 2a (N2a) cells stably transfected with human APP695 gene (N2a-APP), which secrete excess Aβ, show that the phosphorylation and expression of several but not all critical signalling proteins along the insulin signalling pathway are dysregulated in the cells in comparison to the parental N2a cells. N2a-APP cells were also found to be phenotypically insulin resistant. Subsequently, N2a-APP cells were treated with the Aβ binding peptide (ABP), which binds Aβ oligomers. The ABP treatment was observed to enhance insulin signalling response compared to untreated controls. The results suggest that Aβ may be responsible for inducing the insulin resistant phenotype in N2a-APP cells, and that the removal of Aβ oligomers is a potential treatment consideration for dysfunctional insulin signalling involved in Alzheimer’s disease.
Zustand der deutschen Nord- und Ostseegewässer 2018
Creators: name: Weiß, Andrea
name: Gade, Rudolf
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018

description: Der Bund und die Länder Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen und Schleswig-Holstein haben Entwürfe zum "Zustand der deutschen Nordseegewässer 2018" und "Zustand der deutschen Ostseegewässer 2018" veröffentlicht. Sie dienen der Umsetzung der EU-Meeresstrategie-Rahmenrichtlinie und bilden die Grundlage für die Aktualisierung der Überwachungsprogramme für die deutschen Meeresgewässer 2020 und der Maßnahmenprogramme für Nord- und Ostsee 2021. Bewertet wird der Zustand der deutschen Meeresgewässer. Die Beschreibung des guten Umweltzustands wird aktualisiert, die Umweltziele werden festgelegt. Quelle: https://www.springerprofessional.de
GigaSpeech: An Evolving, Multi-domain ASR Corpus with 10,000 Hours of Transcribed Audio
Creators: name: Chen, Guoguo
name: Chai, Shuzhou
name: Wang, Guanbo
name: Du, Jiayu
name: Zhang, Wei-Qiang
name: Weng, Chao
name: Su, Dan
name: Povey, Daniel
name: Trmal, Jan
name: Zhang, Junbo
name: Jin, Mingjie
name: Khudanpur, Sanjeev
name: Watanabe, Shinji
name: Zhao, Shuaijiang
name: Zou, Wei
name: Li, Xiangang
name: Yao, Xuchen
name: Wang, Yongqing
name: Wang, Yujun
name: You, Zhao
name: Yan, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces GigaSpeech, an evolving, multi-domain English speech recognition corpus with 10,000 hours of high quality labeled audio suitable for supervised training, and 40,000 hours of total audio suitable for semi-supervised and unsupervised training. Around 40,000 hours of transcribed audio is first collected from audiobooks, podcasts and YouTube, covering both read and spontaneous speaking styles, and a variety of topics, such as arts, science, sports, etc. A new forced alignment and segmentation pipeline is proposed to create sentence segments suitable for speech recognition training, and to filter out segments with low-quality transcription. For system training, GigaSpeech provides five subsets of different sizes, 10h, 250h, 1000h, 2500h, and 10000h. For our 10,000-hour XL training subset, we cap the word error rate at 4% during the filtering/validation stage, and for all our other smaller training subsets, we cap it at 0%. The DEV and TEST evaluation sets, on the other hand, are re-processed by professional human transcribers to ensure high transcription quality. Baseline systems are provided for popular speech recognition toolkits, namely Athena, ESPnet, Kaldi and Pika.
Affirmer la souveraineté du Canada en Arctique : le défi de Wilfrid Laurier
Creators: name: Demontigny, Cindy
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Arctique
Wilfrid Laurier
Histoire du Canada
Souveraineté
Nationalisme

description: Entre 1896 et 1911, le gouvernement de Wilfrid Laurier a envoyé dans l’archipel arctique sept expéditions pour affirmer la souveraineté du dominion sur cette région. Le Canada craignait que les États-Unis décident de revendiquer des droits souverains en Arctique puisque des pêcheurs américains y étaient établis. Cette thèse s’intéresse aux actions entreprises par le gouvernement Laurier et démontre que ces actions étaient liées à la pensée nationaliste et autonomiste de Wilfrid Laurier. Ce lien apparait clairement après le jugement sur la définition des frontières de l’Alaska. Il devint alors clair pour Wilfrid Laurier que son gouvernement était le mieux placé pour défendre les intérêts du dominion. C’est pourquoi il décida d’envoyer annuellement des expéditions en Arctique afin qu’une situation semblable à celle qui venait avec les frontières de l’Alaska ne se reproduise plus jamais. Il choisit d’agir seul, sans demander l’aide de la Grande-Bretagne. Pour Wilfrid Laurier, toutes ces actions étaient préventives.
Evolving Deep Neural Networks for Robust Learning
Creators: name: LIU, JIA
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2022

description: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have developed rapidly and achieved impressive success in various fields recently. Manually constructed DNNs, on the other hand, require prior domain knowledge to build a model. For creating DNNs with less user involvement, evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have attracted increasing attention for generating neural architectures. However, existing evolutionary neural architecture search methods are computationally intensive because the search space is very complex, and the fitness evaluations are computationally prohibitive. Moreover, DNNs are prone to misclassification when encountering adversarial examples that are deliberately designed to be visually imperceptible to humans. Such fragile performance limits the application of DNNs in practical security-related scenarios. Besides, the performance of DNN is also influenced by the hyperparameters during training. A common approach to address the above challenges is adversarial training. Adversarial examples are augmented to the training data to make the trained DNN more robust to adversarial data. Meanwhile, efficiently designing DNNs that are both robust and accurate remains an open challenge.
description: To address the issues above, this Ph.D. work aims to design neural architectures using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) to improve the accuracy and robustness simultaneously. This work begins with hyperparameter optimization for convolutional neural networks with a predefined architecture to enhance classification accuracy and robustness. We then propose using an MOEA to search for deep neural architectures robust to five types of well-known adversarial attacks. A normalized error rate of a randomly chosen attack is calculated as the robustness for each newly generated neural architecture at each generation to reduce the computational cost. The evolved DNNs are expected to be significantly more robust against various adversarial attacks and possess a high prediction accuracy. To further speed up the procedure of searching for robust architectures, we finally provide a surrogate-assisted approach to search for robust architectures effectively and efficiently by leveraging low-fidelity and high-fidelity evaluations to predict the performance of architectures.
title: Feasibility Study of Amine Scrubbing for Biogas Upgrading in Lake Kivu
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Lake Kivu
subject: LCA
subject: Energy efficiency
subject: Techno-economic analysis
subject: Amine scrubbing
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: Biogas upgrading technologies remove CO2 to enhance biomethane purity, with water scrubbing being the sole method used in Lake Kivu’s current projects. In this process, impurities like CO2 and H2S are reinjected into the lake eventually releasing into the atmosphere. Amine scrubbing, a proven technology for natural gas sweetening and biogas upgrading, offers an environmentally friendly alternative by enabling the utilization of captured CO2. This thesis examines the feasibility of amine scrubbing as an alternative biogas upgrading method in Lake Kivu. A tunned fluid model, validated using multiple experimental studies, was coupled with process simulation to conduct a comparative analysis of both methods regarding energy efficiency, cost estimation, and environmental footprint. In the case of amine scrubbing, a cogeneration scenario incorporating waste heat recovery was also explored to address heat requirements and to assess its impact on the comparative criteria. Finally, an integrated production workflow was proposed to facilitate the sustainable exploitation of Lake Kivu’s gas resources.
Morquio B Disease. Disease Characteristics and Treatment Options of a Distinct GLB1-Related Dysostosis Multiplex
Creators: name: Yuskiv, Nataliya
name: Higaki, Katsumi
name: Stockler, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: Morquio B disease (MBD) is an autosomal recessive GLB1-gene-related lysosomal storage disease, presenting with a peculiar type of dysostosis multiplex which is also observed in GALNS-related Morquio A disease. MBD may present as pure skeletal phenotype (pure MBD) or in combination with the neuronopathic manifestations seen in type 2 (juvenile) or type 3 (late onset) GM1 gangliosidosis (MBD plus). The main skeletal features are progressive growth impairment, kyphoscoliosis, coxa/genua valga, joint laxity, platyspondyly and odontoid hypoplasia. The main neuronopathic features are dystonia, ataxia, and intellectual/developmental/speech delay. Spinal cord compression occurs as a complication of spinal dysostosis. Chronic pain is reported, along with mobility issues and challenges with daily living and self-care activities, as the most common health concern. The most commonly reported orthopedic surgeries are hip and knee replacements. Keratan sulphate-derived oligosaccharides are characteristic biomarkers. Residual β-galactosidase activities measured against synthetic substrates do not correlate with the phenotype. W273 L and T500A are the most frequently observed GLB1 variants in MBD, W273L being invariably associated with pure MBD. Cytokines play a role in joint destruction and pain, providing a promising treatment target. In the future, patients may benefit from small molecule therapies, and gene and enzyme replacement therapies, which are currently being developed for GM1 gangliosidosis.
Climatic Niche Estimation, Trait Evolution and Species Richness in North American Carex (Cyperaceae)
Creators: name: Pender, Jocelyn E.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Trait evolution
Climatic niche
Species richness

description: With close to 2100 species, the flowering plant genus Carex (Cyperaceae; sedges) is an example of an evolutionary radiation. Despite its potential for use as a model taxon in evolutionary studies, the diversification of sedges remains largely unexplored. This thesis realizes the potential of Carex as an evolutionary model group by using it to ask questions about species richness patterns. More specifically, it seeks to determine the relationship, if any, between rates of trait evolution and species richness. This tests the hypothesis that organisms with increased abilities to evolve new traits, speciate more rapidly. Morphological and ecological (habitat and climatic niche) traits are modelled on a nearly complete regional (North America north of Mexico) phylogeny and rates of trait evolution are compared among non-nested sister groups. However, before trait evolution is modelled, this work evaluates the sensitivity of climatic niche estimates to underlying distribution datasets. It tests the agreement of niche estimates derived from the commonly used online repository GBIF (the Global Biodiversity Information Facility) and county-level distributions via BONAP (the Biota of North America Program). Results showed that in the context of phylogenetic comparative analyses, it is not vital to obtain highly accurate climatic niche estimates. The second study found significant positive correlations between the rates of climatic niche, habitat and reproductive morphological evolution and species richness. This result supports the role of high trait lability in generating species richness and more generally, the idea that high trait disparity through evolutionary time leads to species success.
GaN HEMT based high energy particles detection preamplifier
Creators: name: Orr, G.
name: Azoulay, M.
name: Golan, G.
name: Burger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) have gained some foothold in the power electronics industry due to wide frequency bandwidth and power handling. The material offers a wide bandgap and higher critical field strength compared to most wide bandgap semiconductors, resulting in better radiation resistance and theoretically higher speeds as the devices dimensions could be reduced without suffering voltage breakdown. This work consists of the underlying simulation work intended to examine the response of the GaN HEMTs preamlifying circuits for high resolution high energy radiation detectors. The simulation and experimental results illustrate the superior performance of the GaN HEMT in an amplifying circuit. Using a spice model for a commercially available GaN HEMT non distorted output to an input signal of 200 ps was displayed. Real world measurements underscore the fast response of the GaN HEMT with its measured slew rate at approximately 3000 V /μs a result only 17% lower than the result obtained from the simulation.
title: Proteomics and Machine Learning in Crohn's Disease: Exploring Differential Expression and Identifying Stricturing Biomarkers
Creators: name: De Almeida, Luiz Gustavo Nogueira
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: bioinformatics
subject: proteomics
subject: omics
subject: machine learning
subject: biomarker
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affecting any part of the gastrointestinal tract. It typically manifests in the small intestine, where a complex interplay between inflammation and environmental factors drives the disease pathogenesis. Prolonged chronic inflammation results in fibrotic strictures that are resistant to anti-inflammatory therapies and promote narrowing of the luminal space that ultimately requires surgery. Currently, there is no biomarker to distinguish between the inflammatory or stricturing phenotype. Here, I evaluated multiple proteomics approaches for the quantification of plasma proteome of CD patients. I compared the proteome of CD patients vs. healthy non-CD controls to identify new regulators of disease pathogenesis. Lastly, I identified candidate biomarkers for classifying stricturing vs. inflammatory patients and mapped their potential cell source. Plasma samples are challenging to analyze by proteomics due to their wide dynamic range of protein abundance. To address this challenge, I tested two mass spectrometry-based proteomics approaches, data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and data-independent acquisition (DIA), and two affinity-based probe methods, Olink Explore HT and SomaLogic's SomaScan, for quantification of the plasma proteome from CD patients. When comparing CD vs. controls, I identified 1,532 proteins changing, which mapped to wound healing and regulation of protein phosphorylation associated with cytokine signaling. In stricturing vs. inflammatory, I identified 73 proteins statistically changing, mapping to gland morphogenesis, epithelial cell proliferation, and cell-cell adhesion. Using different combinations from three feature selection tools and ten machine learning (ML) algorithms, I identified the best pair for the classification of stricturing disease and achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.807 when applying a 20 proteins model on the validation cohort. Of the candidate biomarkers, three were enriched in specific cell types originating in skeletal muscle, small intestine, and large intestine. In this thesis, I identified novel proteins potentially implicated in the pathogenesis of CD. I developed a biomarker panel for the classification of stricturing vs. inflammatory disease. These new findings can translate into non-invasive and cost-efficient diagnostic tests and lay the foundation for new drug development targets.
Plant cell walls as a source of xyloglucan oligosaccharides and their use as bulk sugar replacers
Creators: name: IHEKWABA, NDIDI ELECHI
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2022

description: Excess intake of calories has been contributing to the increasingly poor health of the global population. The marked increase in obesity in adults and children has led governments around the world to introduce policies to reduce sugar intake by their population.

description:

description: The purpose of this research was to generate a sugar replacer that will replace the bulking agent property of sucrose in food. This research aimed to isolate a novel oligosaccharide (xyloglucan) from hemicellulose-rich plant-cell-wall material as a sugar replacer. In this work, xyloglucan oligosaccharide was extracted from potato skin and whole chufa for use as a sugar replacer. The xyloglucan oligosaccharide (XGO) was physically characterised through dissolution tests, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XGOs were also chemically characterised through High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (HPAEC-PAD), Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and High-performance liquid chromatography/ Diode-Array Detection/ Mass spectrometry (HPLC/DAD/MS) using glucose as a control. The XGOs were also used to replace 25% of sucrose in a biscuit recipe and characterised against a 100% sucrose control in terms of colour, water activity, water content, and texture (hardness). This research found there were statistically significant differences in terms of colour for sucrose replaced biscuits with XGOs from potato skin and chufa when compared to the control. These biscuits were generally darker than the control, where potato skin XGO replaced biscuits yielded a deep brown colour and the chufa XGO replaced biscuits were golden brown. There were also statistically significant differences in terms of hardness between chufa XGOs replaced biscuits and the sucrose control.
Supplementary document for Deep-learning-assisted microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation for rapid slide-free histological imaging - 5430128.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Zhenghui
name: YU, WENTAO
name: Wong, Hei Man
name: Wong, Terence T. W.
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary document for Deep-learning-assisted microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation for rapid slide-free histological imaging
Per un umanesimo contemporaneo. Michail Bachtin  e gli sviluppi della teoria del personaggio in  Michel Houellebecq, John M. Coetzee, Javier Marías e Philip Roth
Creators: name: Lombardi, Chiara
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Questo contributo intende mettere in luce l‟importanza del pensiero di Bachtin e della sua teoria del personaggio nella definizione di un «umanesimo contemporaneo» e nei suoi sviluppi narrati-vi. Si riferisce perciò, senza pretesa di esaustività, ad alcuni romanzi di Michel Houellebecq, John M. Coetzee, Philip Roth, Javier Marías. A partire dai concetti bachtiniani di dialogismo e di extralocalità, si analizzano le forme dell‟intertestualità, i modi dell‟ironia e del paradosso, e la simbologia della morte come collocazione del personaggio sull‟estrema soglia.
description: ENTHYMEMA, N° 7 (2012)
Effect of Glow-Discharge Plasma Treatment on Contact Angle and Micromorphology of Bamboo Green Surface
Creators: name: Wang, Xuehua
name: Cheng, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: The inner and outer surfaces of bamboo stems are usually removed prior to the manufacture of bamboo panels because the surfaces are hydrophobic and difficult to bond with glue. Hence, the recovery and utilization ratio of bamboo during processing is low. This study focused on using glow-discharge plasma to treat green bamboo surfaces to make them less hydrophobic. The effects of plasma treatment on green bamboo stems were examined using contact goniometry (wettability), non-contact confocal profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Confocal profilometry and SEM revealed that the morphology of green bamboo surfaces varied between 3 different stems. Plasma was able to etch bamboo green surfaces, and make them rougher and more powdery. Plasma treatment was effective at converting green bamboo surfaces from hydrophobic (initial contact angle >110°) to hydrophilic (contact angle <20◦). However, this effect was temporary and contact angle increased with time and recovered approximately 30% of its original value after 24 h. Based on our findings, we conclude that plasma treatment can alter parameters such as surface energy and roughness that could improve glue bonding of green bamboo, but delays between plasma treatment and further processing would need to be minimized.
Modal Fracture of Higher Groups
Creators: name: Myers, David Jaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we examine the modal aspects of higher groups in Shulman's Cohesive Homotopy Type Theory. We show that every higher group sits within a modal fracture hexagon which renders it into its discrete, infinitesimal, and contractible components. This gives an unstable and synthetic construction of Schreiber's differential cohomology hexagon. As an example of this modal fracture hexagon, we recover the character diagram characterizing ordinary differential cohomology by its relation to its underlying integral cohomology and differential form data, although there is a subtle obstruction to generalizing the usual hexagon to higher types. Assuming the existence of a long exact sequence of differential form classifiers, we construct the classifiers for circle k-gerbes with connection and describe their modal fracture hexagon.
description: 47 pages
Introduzione
Creators: name: Iuli, Cristina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Seen from today, the Seventies seem inscribed in a paradox. On the one hand, they don‘t pose problems of periodization, being unanimously identified with the span of years between 1968 and 1980, with an almost perfectly overlapping chronology in Europe and the U.S. On the other hand, however, the temporal frame marking out the decade as different from what came before (the Sixties) and after (the Eighties) does not coincide to any conceptual closure. Instead, the safe chronological enclosure is disrupted by the con-ceptual field of forces, play of ideas, social tensions that did define the experience of the Seventies but were not contained, resolved or exhausted within its temporal frame. This special section of Enthymema presents a first, tentative reconnaissance of what has re-mained that decade in contemporary poetics and theoretical discourse.
description: ENTHYMEMA, N° 7 (2012)
Intervista a Fernanda Fedi e Gino Gini
Creators: name: Sini, Stefania
name: Iuli, Cristina
name: Passalacqua, Franco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Parte Prima. Laboratorio Milano: Collettivi, Arte e SocietàParte Seconda. Soggettività e collettivo: ideali, obiettivi e ragioni teoriche del lavoro artistico partecipatoParte Terza. Arte militante e incontro con le istituzioni. L'esperienza milanese degli anni ’70.Parte Quarta. Dalle pratiche all’estetica: il Premio Piazzetta e la questione della documentazioneParte Quinta. 1974: Il movimento delle donne artisteParte Sesta. Per un bilancio dell’esperienza dei collettivi artistici: cambiamenti sociali e "ritorno al personale"Parte Settima. Rapporti gerarchici e disgregazione dell'idea di collettivo.Parte Ottava. Arte come pratica ideologica. Parte Nona. Per un biilancio dell’esperienza dei Collettivi Artistici: risultati permanenti e il problema della continuità
description: ENTHYMEMA, N° 7 (2012)
Human-Ecosystem Interactions in Relation to Holocene Climate Change in Port Joli Harbour, Southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada
Creators: name: Neil, Karen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Pollen
Paleoecology
Paleoclimate Reconstruction
Archaeology
Nova Scotia
Climate
Holocene
Lake Sediments

description: A high-resolution pollen record from Path Lake (43°87’00”N, 64°92’42”W, 10m asl) in Port Joli Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada, was used to provide a paleo-ecological perspective on Holocene climate and vegetation variability within the context of local archaeological research. Pollen assemblages in the early Holocene reflect a post-glacial forest dominated by Pinus, Tsuga, Betula and Quercus. Shallow water aquatic and wetland taxa increased after 3400 cal. yr. BP in response to wetter climatic conditions. Increased settlement intensity of native inhabitants coincides with late-Holocene climate change at a regional scale, suggesting that environmental conditions may have influenced prehistoric human activities. European settlement, after 350 cal. yr. BP, was marked by a rise in Ambrosia, and peak charcoal accumulation rates after this time showed evidence of human disturbance on the landscape. This study suggests that environmental changes affected human exploitation of the landscape, and human activity altered forest composition in the late Holocene.
Stable Gabor phase retrieval in Gaussian shift-invariant spaces via biorthogonality
Creators: name: Grohs, Philipp
name: Liehr, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C15, 46B15, 94A12, 94A20

description: We study the phase reconstruction of signals $f$ belonging to complex Gaussian shift-invariant spaces $V^\infty(φ)$ from spectrogram measurements $|\mathcal{G} f(X)|$ where $\mathcal{G}$ is the Gabor transform and $X \subseteq \mathbb{R}^2$. An explicit reconstruction formula will demonstrate that such signals can be recovered from measurements located on parallel lines in the time-frequency plane by means of a Riesz basis expansion. Moreover, connectedness assumptions on $|f|$ result in stability estimates in the situation where one aims to reconstruct $f$ on compact intervals. Driven by a recent observation that signals in Gaussian shift-invariant spaces are determined by lattice measurements [Grohs, P., Liehr, L., Injectivity of Gabor phase retrieval from lattice measurements, Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 62 (2023), pp. 173-193] we prove a sampling result on the stable approximation from finitely many spectrogram samples. The resulting algorithm provides a provably stable and convergent approximation technique. In addition, it constitutes a method of approximating signals in function spaces beyond $V^\infty(φ)$, such as Paley-Wiener spaces.
description: 44 pages, 9 figures
Interview with Lenny Kaye
Creators: name: Garrigós, Cristina
name: Soler, Roberto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Lenny Kaye has been Patti Smith’s long term guitarist, friend and collaborator, ever since they first began together in the early 1970s. He grew up between New York and New Jersey, graduating in American History from Rutgers University, where he later taught a course in the Department of American Studies on the History of American Rock, which became famous because of the large number of students who wanted to enroll in it. A very prolific writer and musician, he has produced an important number of records, as well as collaborated with numerous music magazines. He is the author of two books, Waylon Jennings: An Autobiography (1996) and You Call it Madness, The Sensuous Song of the Croon (2004). Nuggets (1972), his anthology of 60s garage music, is famous for defining the genre. This interview took place when he was visiting Spain in November 2012 with the Patti Smith Group. In it, we discussed the New York scene of the 70s, music, literature, drugs, politics, and many other things.
description: ENTHYMEMA, N° 7 (2012)
1977. Riscrittura e forme di soggettività
Creators: name: Martelli, Matteo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: L‟articolo propone un percorso sulle rappresentazioni della soggettività emergenti intorno all‟anno 1977 a partire dall‟analisi di tre riscritture letterarie: Candido ovvero un sogno fatto in Sicilia di Leonardo Sciascia, Pinocchio: un libro parallelo di Giorgio Manganelli, Alice disambientata a cura di Gianni Celati. Pur presentandosi come opere in buona parte differenti, per intenzioni, modalità di scrittura e destinatari, l‟analisi mostra come i testi articolino dei percorsi condivisi, quali l‟aspetto della ricezione all‟interno delle riscritture, i regimi di imperfezione dei personaggi e la messa in atto di soggettività impure, nel tentativo di mostrare l‟elaborazione di una serie di visioni che si focalizzano su modi, fantasie e possibilità di un attraversamento laterale degli uni-versi sociali e culturali.
description: ENTHYMEMA, N° 7 (2012)
title: Autoethnography of a Volleyball Coach: Fostering Shared Peer Leadership
Creators: name: Keats, Tracy Diana
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Shared Leadership
subject: Leadership Development
subject: Athletics
subject: Sports
subject: Sports Teams
subject: Autoethnography
subject: Phenomenology
subject: Team Captain
subject: Peer Leadership
subject: Education--Philosophy of
subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education--Physical
subject: Education--Secondary

description: This autoethnography considers a youth volleyball coach’s understanding of and experiences with peer athlete leadership in the context of team sport and the existing hegemonic notion of team captain. Using a critical pedagogical lens, this study aims to explore leadership development in athletes from a coach’s perspective in competitive youth volleyball in Alberta, Canada. In the autoethnographic process, personal narrative and reflexive ethnography were used to create a bricolage of fictionalized vignettes subjected to thematic analysis. Four major themes emerged from multiple hermeneutic readings of the vignettes—Hegemony and Counter-Hegemony; Empowerment; Teamwork; and Identity—which were considered in relation to shared peer leadership and its potential benefits in team sport. Through the consideration of power relations, alternative leadership processes, and critically conscious leadership development, this autoethnography presents evidence for shared leadership as a mutually beneficial structure for athletes, coaches, and teams.
Neural Network Solutions to the Fermionic Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: KEEBLE, JAMES WILLIAM
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2022
Subjects: Deep Neural Networks
Quantum many-body theory
Machine Learning

description: The outline of this thesis is the application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to
description: solving the Time Independent Schrödinger Equation (TISE). The solving of the TISE is an
description: explicitly non-polynomially (NP) hard computational problem that suffers from the curse
description: of dimensionality. The motivation of this thesis is to see if the computational techniques
description: of ML, which have solved previously intractable problems, are applicable for the NP hard
description: problems of quantum mechanics. If a polynomially scaling algorithm that could solve
description: the TISE accurately existed, it would revolutionise computational modelling of quantum
description: mechanical problems allowing for efficient drug design, simulating super heavy nuclei,
description: and much more.
description: In the work of this thesis, we begin with a proof-of-principle exercise of solving a variety
description: of Hamiltonians with the use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as the ansatz of the
description: wavefunction. We exploit the use of the Universal Approximation Theorem (UAT), which
description: in principle allows any function to be approximated to an arbitrary precision, to effectively
description: learn the ground-state wavefunction of a Hamiltonian directly via Variational Monte
description: Carlo (VMC) techniques. This work can be seen as an extension to VMC with DNNs
description: which is an emerging field in computation modelling of the Schrödinger equation. The
description: main limitation of VMC is the functional form of the wavefunction, by representing the
description: wavefunction as a DNN allows the UAT to be exploited to efficiently solve the TISE.
description: In summary, the ML-based approach of this thesis shows strong evidence of efficient
description: wavefunction representation via DNN ansätze with results that compare favourably with
description: exact diagonalisation. This has the implication of DNNs being an efficient approximation
description: to exact numerical methodologies without suffering from the explicit NP hardness of
description: exact diagonalisation.