Peromyscus melanotis J. A. Allen and Chapman 1897
Creators: name: Bradley, Robert D.
name: Francis, James Q.
name: Platt II, Roy N.
name: Soniat, Taylor J.
name: Alvarez, Daysi
name: Lindsey, Laramie L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Peromyscus
Peromyscus melanotis

description: <b> <i>Peromyscus melanotis</i> J. A. Allen and Chapman 1897</b> <i>Peromyscus melanotis</i> J. A. Allen and Chapman, 1897:203. <i>Holotype.—</i> American Museum of Natural History (catalog number MO-10822); adult male; skin, skull, and skeleton. Original number 1,268 of Frank M. Chapman. <i>Type locality.—</i> Mexico: Veracruz; Las Vigas; collected 23 April 1897. <i>Subspecies.—</i> Recognized as a monotypic assemblage. <i>Diagnosis.—</i> Size small for species group; measurements obtained from Osgood (1909) for several of the subspecies now assigned to <i>P</i>. <i>melanotis</i>, indicated a total length averaging 150 mm; (range 132–168 mm) and tail length averaging 62 mm (range 58–66 mm). Osgood (1909) further indicated that cranial measurements suggest a broad and more rounded braincase, auditory bulla is slightly smaller, and long rostrum. Pelage is very long, sides are a tawny ochraceous color. <i>Distribution.—</i> Occurs in high elevation habitats in Chihuahua and southern Coahuila southward to Jalisco and central Veracruz (Hall 1981; Musser and Carleton 2005). Populations also occur in the upper montane regions in southern Arizona (Bowers et al. 1973). <i>Comparisons.—</i> A species in the <i>P. maniculatus</i> species group. Morphologically similar to <i>P. labecula</i> (Osgood 1909), although smaller in overall length and tail length. Further, <i>Cyt</i> b sequences (this study) indicated that <i>P. melanotis</i> differs from <i>P. sonoriensis</i>, <i>P. gambelii</i>, <i>P. labecula</i>, and <i>P. sejugis</i> (four species in close geographic proximity to <i>P. melanotis</i>) by 6.02%, 5.31%, 5.90% and 4.80% respectively. Genetic differentiation (= 1.82%) based on DNA sequences obtained from five individuals of <i>P</i>. <i>melanotis</i> indicated one of the highest levels of genetic divergence for members of the <i>P</i>. <i>maniculatus</i> species group, despite the low sample size examined for this species. <i>Remarks.—</i> Six samples were examined in this study that are assignable to <i>P</i>. <i>melanotis</i>. Of these samples, the closest examined herein was approximately 40 km (southwest of the type locality in Las Vigas, Veracruz. Recognition of <i>P. melanotis</i> as a species, has been supported by phenotypic differences (Osgood 1909), ecology and elevation data (Álvarez-Castañeda 2005), unique chromosomal attributes (Bowers et al. 1973), allozyme data (Greenbaum et al. 1978; Avise et al. 1979; Rogers and Engstrom 1992), and molecular data (Hogan et al. 1997; this study). Blair (1950) suggested that <i>P. melanotis</i> is likely a peripheral isolate of <i>P. maniculatus</i> ancestral stock; a position that is supported by the unique and monomorphic karyotype (FN = 62, Bowers et al. 1973; Greenbaum et al. 1978). Based on divergence time estimates and phylogenetic interpretations, it appears that <i>P. melanotis</i> is the most basal member of the <i>P. maniculatus</i> species group and diverged from all other members of the <i>P. maniculatus</i> species group approximately 1.98 mya. This date is the oldest date recovered for any member of the <i>P. maniculatus</i> species group.
description: Published as part of <i>Bradley, Robert D., Francis, James Q., Platt II, Roy N., Soniat, Taylor J., Alvarez, Daysi &amp; Lindsey, Laramie L., 2019, Mitochondrial Dna Sequence Data Indicate Evidence For Multiple Species Within Peromyscus Maniculatus, pp. 1-59 in Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University 70</i> on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7221903
description: {"references": ["Allen, J. A. and F. M. Chapman. 1897. On a collection of mammals from Jalapa and Las Vigas, State of Vera Cruz, Mexico. American Museum of Natural History 9: 197 - 268.", "Osgood, W. H. 1909. Revision of the Mice of the American Genus Peromyscus. NorthAmerican Fauna 28: 1 - 285.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. 2 nd ed. John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. New York 1181 pp.", "Musser, G. G., and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp 894 - 1531 in Mammal species of the World: A taxonomic and geographic reference, 3 rd ed. (D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder, eds.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland xxxv + 2,142 pp.", "Bowers, J. H., R. J. Baker, and M. H. Smith. 1973. Chromosomal, electrophoretic, and breeding studies of selected populations of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and black-eared mice (P. melanotis). Evolution 27: 378 - 386.", "Alvarez-Castaneda, S. T. 2005. Peromyscus melanotis. Mam- malian Species 764: 1 - 4.", "Greenbaum, I. F., R. J. Baker, and P. R. Ramsey. 1978. Chromosomal evolution and the mode of speciation in three species of Peromyscus. Evolution 32: 646 - 654.", "Avise, J. C., M. H. Smith, and R. K. Selander. 1979. Biochemical polymorphism and systematics in the genus Peromyscus. VII. Geographic differentiation in members of the truei and maniculatus species groups. Journal of Mammalogy 60: 177 - 192.", "Rogers, D. S., and M. D. Engstrom. 1992. Evolutionary im- plications of allozymic variation in tropical Peromyscus of the mexicanus species group. Journal of Mammalogy 73: 55 - 69.", "Hogan, K. M., S. K. Davis, and I. F. Greenbaum. 1997. Mitochondrial-DNA analysis of the systematic relationships within the Peromyscus maniculatus species group. Journal of Mammalogy 78: 733 - 743.", "Blair, W. F. 1950. Ecological factors in speciation of Peromyscus. Evolution 4: 253 - 275."]}