cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Event leveraging and health promotion : the case of the Tour of Flanders
Creators: name: Derom, Inge
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This dissertation examines event leveraging for health promotion with the outcome of increasing physical activity participation. The case of the Tour of Flanders (Flemish: Ronde van Vlaanderen) is unique because it is a medium-sized, joint spectator and participatory sport event. Although the literature provides examples of social event leveraging for health promotion, one of the limitations of the existing social event leveraging framework is that it does not integrate any concepts and principles of the field of health promotion. Therefore, social ecological theory has been applied to further examine event leveraging through an understanding of systems and targets. In doing so, a socioeconomic event leveraging framework for health and physical activity has been developed and proposed. Qualitative interviews were conducted with former and current event organisers of the Tour of Flanders (i.e., Het Nieuwsblad and Flanders Classics), start and arrival host cities (i.e., Sint-Niklaas, Ninove, Bruges, and Oudenaarde), and municipalities that hosted the Village of the Tour (i.e., Zwalm, Torhout, and Rekkem). In addition to interviews, quantitative surveys were administered with participants from the 2013 edition of the Tour of Flanders Cyclo, before (N = 1,091) and after the event (N = 639). The findings confirmed the socioeconomic nature of event leveraging aimed at increasing bicycle tourism in the region, as both the properties of the event and the context of the host were recognised as leverageable resources. The use of Flanders’ cycling heritage was an excellent tactic to inspire host residents and international visitors to actively participate in new cycling initiatives. Social ecological theory promoted consultation between the event organiser and the host government to develop initiatives that complemented each other in terms of systems and targets. Environmental targets were employed by the regional government by developing new cycling infrastructure and organising participatory cycling events, whereas individual targets were employed by the municipal government by providing cycling education to children. The findings provided sound evidence for organising joint spectator and participatory sport events to promote physical activity participation, while at the same time leveraging these events by providing physical, structural, and social resources in the host community.
Holonomy reduced dynamics of triatomic molecular systems
Creators: name: Çiftçi, Ünver
name: Waalkens, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whereas it is easy to reduce the translational symmetry of a molecular system by using, e.g., Jacobi coordinates the situation is much more involved for the rotational symmetry. In this paper we address the latter problem using {\it holonomy reduction}. We suggest that the configuration space may be considered as the reduced holonomy bundle with a connection induced by the mechanical connection. Using the fact that for the special case of the three-body problem, the holonomy group is SO(2) (as opposed to SO(3) like in systems with more than three bodies) we obtain a holonomy reduced configuration space of topology $ \mathbf{R}_+^3 \times S^1$. The dynamics then takes place on the cotangent bundle over the holonomy reduced configuration space. On this phase space there is an $S^1$ symmetry action coming from the conserved reduced angular momentum which can be reduced using the standard symplectic reduction method. Using a theorem by Arnold it follows that the resulting symmetry reduced phase space is again a natural mechanical phase space, i.e. a cotangent bundle. This is different from what is obtained from the usual approach where symplectic reduction is used from the outset. This difference is discussed in some detail, and a connection between the reduced dynamics of a triatomic molecule and the motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field is established.
description: 11 pages, submitted to J. Phys. A
Liftings of Reduction Maps for Quaternion Algebras
Creators: name: Cornut, Christophe
name: Jetchev, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G15, 11G18, 11R52

description: We construct liftings of reduction maps from CM points to supersingular points for general quaternion algebras and use these liftings to establish a precise correspondence between CM points on indefinite quaternion algebras with a given conductor and CM points on certain corresponding totally definite quaternion algebras.
description: 17 pages
X-ray Star Clusters in the Carina Complex
Creators: name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Getman, Konstantin V.
name: Townsley, Leisa K.
name: Broos, Patrick S.
name: Povich, Matthew S.
name: Garmire, Gordon P.
name: King, Robert R.
name: Montmerle, Thierry
name: Preibisch, Thomas
name: Smith, Nathan
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Wang, Junfeng
name: Wolk, Scott
name: Zinnecker, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of young stars found in the Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP) is examined for clustering structure. X-ray surveys are advantageous for identifying young stellar populations compared to optical and infrared surveys in suffering less contamination from nebular emission and Galactic field stars. The analysis is based on smoothed maps of a spatially complete subsample of about 3000 brighter X-ray sources classified as Carina members, and about 10,000 stars from the full CCCP sample. The principal known clusters are recovered, and some additional smaller groups are identified. No rich embedded clusters are present, although a number of sparse groups are found. The CCCP reveals considerable complexity in clustering properties. The Trumpler 14 and 15 clusters have rich stellar populations in unimodal, centrally concentrated structures several parsecs across. Non-spherical internal structure is seen, and large-scale low surface density distributions surround these rich clusters. Trumpler 16, in contrast, is comprised of several smaller clusters within a circular boundary. Collinder 228 is a third type of cluster which extends over tens of parsecs with many sparse compact groups likely arising from triggered star formation processes. A widely dispersed, but highly populous, distribution of X-ray stars across the about 50 pc CCCP mosaic supports a model of past generations of star formation in the region. Collinder 234, a group of massive stars without an associated cluster of pre-main sequence stars, may be part of this dispersed population.
description: Accepted for the ApJS Special Issue on the Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP), scheduled for publication in May 2011. All 16 CCCP Special Issue papers are available at http://cochise.astro.psu.edu/Carina_public/special_issue.html through 2011 at least. 32 pages, 3 figures
Stimulated emission of terahertz radiation by semiconductor microcavities
Creators: name: Kavokin, K. V.
name: Kaliteevski, M. A.
name: Abram, R. A.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Sharkova, S.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that planar semiconductor microcavities in the strong coupling regime can be used as sources of stimulated terahertz (THz) radiation. Emitted THz photons would have a frequency of the spliting of the cavity polariton modes. The optical transition between upper and lower polariton branches is allowed due to mixing of the upper polariton state with one of excited exciton states. This transition is stimulated in the polariton laser regime.
description: 3 pages, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
The thermal structure and the location of the snow line in the protosolar nebula: axisymmetric models with full 3-D radiative transfer
Creators: name: Min, M.
name: Dullemond, C. P.
name: Kama, M.
name: Dominik, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise location of the water ice condensation front ('snow line') in the protosolar nebula has been a debate for a long time. Its importance stems from the expected substantial jump in the abundance of solids beyond the snow line, which is conducive to planet formation, and from the higher stickiness in collisions of ice-coated dust grains, which may help the process of coagulation of dust and the formation of planetesimals. In an optically thin nebula, the location of the snow line is easily calculated to be around 3 AU. However, in its first 5 to 10 million years, the solar nebula was optically thick, implying a smaller snow line radius due to shielding from direct sunlight, but also a larger radius because of viscous heating. Several models have attempted to treat these opposing effects. However, until recently treatments beyond an approximate 1+1D radiative transfer were unfeasible. We revisit the problem with a fully self-consistent 3D treatment in an axisymmetric disk model, including a density-dependent treatment of the dust and ice sublimation. We find that the location of the snow line is very sensitive to the opacities of the dust grains and the mass accretion rate of the disk. We show that previous approximate treatments are quite efficient at determining the location of the snow line if the energy budget is locally dominated by viscous accretion. We derive an analytic estimate of the location of the snow line that compares very well with results from this and previous studies. Using solar abundances of the elements we compute the abundance of dust and ice and find that the expected jump in solid surface density at the snow line is smaller than previously assumed. We further show that in the inner few AU the refractory species are partly evaporated, leading to a significantly smaller solid state surface density in the regions where the rocky planets were formed.
description: Accepted for publication in Icarus
Collaborative consumption : sharing our way towards sustainability
Creators: name: Samuel, Couture-Brière
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Collaborative consumption(CC)refers to activities surrounding the sharing, swapping, or trading of goods and services within a collaborative consumption community. First, this MA thesis evaluates the factors contributing to the rapid increase of CC initiatives. These factors include technology, personal economics, environmental concerns, and social interaction. Second, the thesis explores the prospects and limits of CC in terms of sustainability. The most promising prospect is that CC seems to generate social capital and initiate a value shift away from ownership. However, institutional forces promoting growth limit this potential. The thesis concludes that CC itself is not enough to achieve sustainability, and therefore, more political solutions are needed. The paper ends with a critical discussion on the future of our growth-based economic model by suggesting that certain forms of CC could represent the roots of a “post- growth” economy.
The W-Z-Top Bags
Creators: name: Crichigno, Marcos P.
name: Flambaum, Victor V.
name: Kuchiev, Michael Yu.
name: Shuryak, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new family of multi-quanta bound states in the Standard Model, which exist due to the mutual Higgs-based attraction of the heaviest members of the SM, namely, gauge quanta $W,Z$ and (anti)top quarks, $\bar t, t $. We use a self-consistent mean-field approximation, up to a rather large particle number $N$. In this paper we do not focus on weakly-bound, non-relativistic bound states, but rather on "bags" in which the Higgs VEV is significantly modified/depleted. The minimal number $N$ above which such states appear strongly depends on the ratio of the Higgs mass to the masses of $W,Z,\bar{t}, t $: For a light Higgs mass $m_H \sim 50\, GeV$ bound states start from $N\sim O(10)$, but for a "realistic" Higgs mass, $m_H\sim 100\, GeV$, one finds metastable/bound $W,Z$ bags only for $N\sim O(1000)$. We also found that in the latter case pure top bags disappear for all N, although top quarks can still be well bound to the W-bags. Anticipating cosmological applications (discussed in a companion paper) of these bags as "doorway states" for baryosynthesis, we also consider the existence of such metastable bags at finite temperatures, when SM parameters such as Higgs, gauge and top masses are significantly modified.
Josephson current and $π-$state in ferromagnet with embedded superconducting nanoparticles
Creators: name: Samokhvalov, A. V.
name: Buzdin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of Usadel equations we investigate superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor (S/F/S) hybrid systems which consist of superconducting nanostructures (spheres, rods) embedded in ferromagnetic metal. The oscillations of the critical current of the S/F/S Josephson junctions with the thickness of ferromagnetic spacer between superconducting electrodes are studied. We demonstrate that the $π$ state can be realized in such structures despite of a dispersion of the distances between different parts of the electrodes. The transitions between 0 and $π$ states at some thickness of ferromagnetic spacer can be triggered by temperature variation.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Superconductor Science and Technology
Comparison of radiative energy loss models in a hot QCD medium
Creators: name: Verweij, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The suppression of high $p_{T}$ hadron production in heavy ion collisions is thought to be due to energy loss by gluon radiation off hard partons in a QCD medium. Existing models of QCD radiative energy loss in a color-charged medium give estimates of the coupling strength of the parton to the medium which differ by a factor of $5$. We will present a side-by-side comparison of two different formalisms to calculate the energy loss of light quarks and gluons: the multiple soft scattering approximation (ASW-MS) and the opacity expansion formalism (ASW-SH and WHDG-rad). A common time-temperature profile is used to characterize the medium. The results are compared to the single hadron suppression $R_{AA}$ at RHIC energies. In addition the influcence of homogeneous and non-homogeneous distribution of scattering centers is discussed. We find that using an equivalent brick overestimates the energy loss for long parton trajectories.
description: Proceedings Hard Probes 2010, October 10-15, Eilat (Israel)
Irregular Turbo Codes in Block-Fading Channels
Creators: name: Kraidy, Ghassan M.
name: Boutros, Joseph J.
name: Fàbregas, Albert Guillén i
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study irregular binary turbo codes over non-ergodic block-fading channels. We first propose an extension of channel multiplexers initially designed for regular turbo codes. We then show that, using these multiplexers, irregular turbo codes that exhibit a small decoding threshold over the ergodic Gaussian-noise channel perform very close to the outage probability on block-fading channels, from both density evolution and finite-length perspectives.
description: to be presented at the IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, 2010
Nature of the low temperature ordering of Pr in PrBa_2Cu_3O_(6+x)
Creators: name: Kiss, A.
name: Simon, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical model is presented to describe the anomalous ordered phase of Pr ions in PrBa_2Cu_3O_(6+x) below T_Pr = 12-17 K. The model considers the Pr multipole degrees of freedom and coupling between the Cu and Pr subsystems. We identify the symmetry allowed coupling of Cu and Pr ions and conclude that only an ab-plane Pr dipole ordering can explain the Cu spin rotation observed at T_Pr by neutron diffraction by Boothroyd et al. [A. T. Boothroyd et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 130 (1997)]. A substantial enhancement of the Pr ordering temperature is shown to arise from the Cu-Pr coupling which is the key for the anomalous magnetic behavior in PrBa_2Cu_3O_(6+x).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 8 of Evidence of pyroptosis and ferroptosis extensively involved in autoimmune diseases at the single-cell transcriptome level
Creators: name: Zhang, Danfeng
name: Li, Yadan
name: Du, Chunyan
name: Sang, Lina
name: Liu, Liu
name: Li, Yingmei
name: Wang, Fang
name: Fan, Wenjuan
name: Tang, Ping
name: Zhang, Sidong
name: Chen, Dandan
name: Wang, Yanmei
name: Wang, Xiaoyi
name: Xie, Xinsheng
name: Jiang, Zhongxing
name: Song, Yongping
name: Guo, Rongqun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 8: Table S1. The human geneset of ferrotosis driver.
Optical Flux Lattices for Two-Photon Dressed States
Creators: name: Cooper, Nigel R.
name: Dalibard, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simple scheme by which "optical flux lattices" can be implemented in ultracold atomic gases using two-photon dressed states. This scheme can be applied, for example, to the ground state hyperfine levels of commonly used atomic species. The resulting flux lattices simulate a magnetic field with high mean flux density, and have low energy bands analogous to the lowest Landau level. We show that in practical cases the atomic motion significantly deviates from the adiabatic following of one dressed state, and that this can lead to significant interactions even for fermions occupying a single band. Our scheme allows experiments on cold atomic gases to explore strong correlation phenomena related to the fractional quantum Hall effect, both for fermions and bosons.
description: 6 pages
Additional file 4: of CircSLC3A2 functions as an oncogenic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma by sponging miR-490-3p and regulating PPM1F expression
Creators: name: Wang, Hongjian
name: Chen, Wei
name: Jin, Ming
name: Hou, Lidan
name: Chen, Xiaoyu
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Zhu, Jinshui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Schematic representation of potential binding sites of miR-490-3p with the 9 circRNAs. (PDF 4573 kb)
Molecular lines as tracers of Compton-thick AGN ?
Creators: name: Georgantopoulos, I.
name: Rovilos, E.
name: Akylas, A.
name: Xilouris, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Papadopoulos et al., 2010 using sub-mm CO molecular line observations of nearby ultra-luminous IRAS galaxies, (U)LIRGs, have found that exceptionally large gas column densities (N_H > 10^25 cm-2) can be present across some of the very dense gaseous disks that are typically found in these objects. They also proposed a diagnostic for finding such sources using CO and HCN molecular lines. Given that such high column densities are expected to absorb any X-ray luminous AGN, yielding Compton-thick sources, we set out toexplore whether this can be discerned using X-ray observations. More specifically we examine X-ray spectral observations of 14 sources in their sample, using public Chandra observations (0.5-10 keV) for eleven sources as well as BeppoSAX results (2-100 keV) from the literature for another three sources. Our goal is to find candidate Compton-thick AGN and to check whether the molecular line selection criterion is successful in selecting such systems. X-ray spectroscopy reveals four candidate Compton-thick AGN of which half fall within the high obscuration region in the molecular line ratio diagnostics. Of the remaining five sources falling into the `high dust obscuration' box, one (Mrk273) is highly obscured (N_H ~4x10^23 cm-2) while in the other four the X-ray emission is most probably associated with star-forming processes rather than an AGN on the basis of their X-ray and mid-infrared properties. Overall, we argue that although this method as expected cannot recover all Compton-thick AGN, there are no examples of X-ray luminous AGN inside that region that have low obscuration, suggesting that this method is efficient in finding heavily obscured AGN in dust-enshrouded star-forming galaxies. The above results bear important implications for future joint ALMA and X-ray observations for the detection of Compton-thick AGN.
description: To appear in A&A Letters
Domain-general inhibitory control in bilingual language switching: item-specific vs whole-language inhibition
Creators: name: Zhu, Di
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis examines the role of domain-general inhibitory control in bilingual speech production. It has been suggested that correct language selection in bilingual production relies on inhibitory control, with recent evidence pointing towards the involvement of domain-general mechanisms. In particular, functional neuroimaging studies report activation of the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), a brain area responsible for domain-general inhibitory control, during language switching tasks. However, it remains unclear whether the pre-SMA plays an essential role as part of the language control network or simply co-activates with it. In this thesis, I investigate the causal relationship between neuronal activity in the pre-SMA and behavioural performance in language switching, by transiently disrupting this brain area using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). It has been proposed that there may be two levels of inhibition in bilingual control: item-specific inhibition and whole-language inhibition. I start with the hypothesis that these are both at work in language switching and one or both may rely on domain-general inhibitory control.Two experiments were carried out to test this hypothesis. The first was a behavioural experiment which established the presence of these two levels of inhibition in language switching. Mandarin-English bilinguals performed a picture-naming task involving univalent items (always named in a particular language) and bivalent items (same picture requiring responses in different languages on different trials). In this design, the effect of whole-language inhibition was reflected in the performance decrement on switch trials compared to stay trials, while the effect of item-specific inhibition was reflected in the reduced performance for bivalent items compared to univalent items. In the second experiment, I investigated the causal involvement of the pre-SMA in language control. A repetitive TMS protocol was used to achieve transient disruption of this brain region while the same picture-naming task was performed. The impact on behavioural performance was assessed with respect to the two levels of inhibition. Disruption of the pre-SMA was found to modulate item-specific but not whole-language inhibition, suggesting that only item-specific control recruits this domain-general inhibitory mechanism.
Questioning the validity of non-extensive thermodynamics for classical Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Lutsko, J. F.
name: Boon, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the non-extensive approach to the statistical mechanics of Hamiltonian systems with $H=T+V$ where $T$ is the classical kinetic energy. Our analysis starts from the basics of the formalism by applying the standard variational method for maximizing the entropy subject to the average energy and normalization constraints. The analytical results show (i) that the non-extensive thermodynamics formalism should be called into question to explain experimental results described by extended exponential distributions exhibiting long tails, i.e. $q$-exponentials with $q>1$, and (ii) that in the thermodynamic limit the theory is only consistent in the range $0\leq q\leq1$ where the distribution has finite support, thus implying that configurations with e.g. energy above some limit have zero probability, which is at variance with the physics of systems in contact with a heat reservoir. We also discuss the ($q$-dependent) thermodynamic temperature and the generalized specific heat.
description: To appear in EuroPhysics Letters
Ionisation feedback in star formation simulations: The role of diffuse fields
Creators: name: Ercolano, Barbara
name: Gritschneder, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the three-dimensional gas temperature distributions obtained by a dedicated radiative transfer and photoionisation code, MOCASSIN, against those obtained by the recently-developed Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) plus ionisation code iVINE for snapshots of an hydrodynamical simulation of a turbulent interstellar medium (ISM) irradiated by a nearby O star. Our tests demonstrate that the global ionisation properties of the region are correctly reproduced by iVINE, hence validating further application of this code to the study of feedback in star forming regions. However we highlight potentially important discrepancies in the detailed temperature distribution. In particular we show that in the case of highly inhomogenous density distributions the commonly employed on-the-spot (OTS) approximation yields unrealistically sharp shadow regions which can affect the dynamical evolution of the system. We implement a simple strategy to include the effects of the diffuse field in future calculations, which makes use of physically motivated temperature calibrations of the diffuse-field dominated regions and can be readily applied to similar codes. We find that while the global qualitative behaviour of the system is captured by simulations with the OTS approximation, the inclusion of the diffuse field in iVINE (called DiVINE) results in a stronger confinement of the cold gas, leading to denser and less coherent structures. This in turn leads to earlier triggering of star formation. We confirm that turbulence is being driven in simulations that include the diffuse field, but the efficiency is slightly lower than in simulations that use the OTS approximation.
description: 11 pages, 10 Figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Joint source based brain imaging analysis for classification of individuals
Creators: name: Ramezani, Mahdi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Diagnosis and clinical management of neurological disorders that affect brain structure, function and networks would benefit substantially from the development of techniques that combine multi-modal and/or multi-task information. Here, we propose a joint Source Based Analysis (jSBA) framework to identify common information across structural and functional contrasts in data from MRI and fMRI experiments, for classification of individuals with neurological and psychiatric disorders. The framework consists of three components: 1) individual's feature generation, 2) joint group analysis, and 3) classification of individuals based on the group's generated features. In the proposed framework, information from brain neuroimaging datasets is reduced to a feature that is a lower-dimensional representation of a selected brain structure or task-related activation pattern. For each individual, features are used within a joint analysis method to generate basis brain activation sources and their corresponding modulation profiles. Modulation profiles are used to classify individuals into different categories. We perform two experiments to demonstrate the potential of the proposed framework to classify groups of subjects based on structural and functional brain data. In the fMRI analysis, functional contrast images derived from a study of auditory and speech perception of 16 young and 16 older adults are used for classification of individuals. First, we investigate the effect of using multi-task fMRI data to improve the classification accuracy. Then, we propose a novel joint Sparse Representation Analysis (jSRA) to identify common information across different functional contrasts in data. We further assess the reliability of jSRA, and visualize the brain patterns obtained from such analysis. In the sMRI analysis, features representing position, orientation and size (i.e. pose), shape, and local tissue composition of brain are used to classify 19 depressed and 26 healthy individuals. First, we incorporate pose and shape measures of morphology, which are not usually analyzed in neuromorphometric studies, to measure structural changes. Then, we combine brain tissue composition and morphometry using the proposed jSBA framework. In a cross-validation leave-one-out experiment, we show that we can classify the subjects with an accuracy of 67% solely based on the information gathered from the joint analysis of features obtained from multiple brain structures.
Refining species generality from a dynamic view on trophic interactions helps predicting ecosystem robustness
Creators: name: Zhang, Lai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This package for the article "Refining species generality from a dynamic view on trophic interactions helps predicting ecosystem robustness" includes two key components. The "Sequential taxa deletion of Florida Bay" analyzes the ecosystem's stability and functionality after the sequential removal of species, revealing how specific taxa loss affects trophic dynamics and ecosystem resilience. The "Simulated food webs of 20 ecosystems" folder contains procedures for generating empirical food webs from 20 ecosystems, allowing for the analysis of species interactions and the calculation of five measures of generality.
Modular Frobenius manifolds and their invariant flows
Creators: name: Morrison, Ewan K.
name: Strachan, Ian A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space of Frobenius manifolds has a natural involutive symmetry on it: there exists a map $I$ which send a Frobenius manifold to another Frobenius manifold. Also, from a Frobenius manifold one may construct a so-called almost dual Frobenius manifold which satisfies almost all of the axioms of a Frobenius manifold. The action of $I$ on the almost dual manifolds is studied, and the action of $I$ on objects such as periods, twisted periods and flows is studied. A distinguished class of Frobenius manifolds sit at the fixed point of this involutive symmetry, and this is made manifest in certain modular properties of the various structures. In particular, up to a simple reciprocal transformation, for this class of modular Frobenius manifolds, the flows are invariant under the action of $I\,.$
Prostate registration using magnetic resonance elastography for cancer localization
Creators: name: Nir, Guy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Noninvasive detection and localization of prostate cancer in medical imaging is an important, yet difficult task. Benefits range from diagnosis of cancer, to planning and guidance of its treatment. In order to characterize cancer and evaluate its localization in volumetric images, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), their spatial correspondence with the "gold standard" provided by histopathology must be established. In this thesis, we propose a general framework for a multi-slice to volume registration that is applied to register a stack of sparse, unaligned two-dimensional histological slices to a three-dimensional volumetric imaging of the prostate. The approach uses particle filtering that allows deriving optimal pose parameters of the slices in a Bayesian approach. We then propose a novel registration method between in vivo and ex vivo MRI of the prostate to facilitate its registration to histopathology. The method incorporates elasticity information, acquired by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), to generate a patient-specific biomechanical model of the prostate and periprostatic tissue. Next, we propose a registration method between preoperative MRI and intraoperative transrectal-ultrasound. The method can be incorporated with a robotic surgical system to augment the surgeon's visualization during robot-assisted prostatectomy. We also study the use of elasticity-based registration of ultrasound elastography and MRE. We then present an image processing approach for enhancing MRE data. The approach employs registration to compensate for motion of patients during the scan to improve the accuracy of the reconstructed elastogram. A super-resolution technique is employed to increase the resolution of the acquired images by utilizing unique properties of MRE. Finally, we develop a theory for optimization-based design of motion encoding in MRE that allows reducing scanning time and increasing signal-to-noise ratio of elasticity reconstruction. We formulate the displacement estimation of the mechanical wave as an experimental design problem, by which we quantify performance of sequences, and optimize multidirectional designs. The proposed methods have been evaluated in simulations and on a diverse set of clinical data. Results may pave the way for a broader clinical deployment of elastography and elastography-based image processing.
title: Territorial Science Echo
title: Beschäftigung und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in der Großregion: differenzierte Wirtschaftsentwicklung und Wirkungen der grenzüberschreitenden Beschäftigung
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dörrenbächer, Peter
name: Belkacem, Rachid
name: Pigeron-Piroth, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Saarland
subject: Lothringen
subject: Luxemburg
subject: Industrie
subject: Beschäftigung
subject: Wirtschaftsentwicklung
subject: internationale Kooperation
subject: Saarland
subject: Lorraine
subject: Luxembourg
subject: industry
subject: employment
subject: economic development
subject: international cooperation

description: Das Working Paper beleuchtet den Themenbereich ‚Beschäftigung und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung‘ und arbeitet Herausforderungen für die Raumentwicklung der Großregion ab. Insbesondere legt es einen Fokus auf die Industriegeschichte sowie die Beschäftigung und grenzüberschreitende Arbeit in der Großregion.
VG Berlin, Urteil vom 04.05.2023 – 2 K 238/22
Creators: name: VG Berlin
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Die Entscheidung über die Ruhendstellung des Büros hat der Haushaltsausschuss des Deutschen Bundestages mit Beschluss vom 19. Mai 2022 getroffen. Die Büros sind öffentlich-rechtliche Organisationseinheiten im Geschäftsbereich des Bundeskanzleramts, die dazu berufen sind, Aufgaben der öffentlichen Verwaltung bzw. Aufgaben im öffentlichen Interesse wahrzunehmen. Soweit die Bundeskanzler a.D. durch das Nutzendürfen dieser Ressourcen einen mittelbarfaktischen Vorteil haben, handelt es sich dabei um einen bloßen Rechtsreflex. Ein gewohnheitsrechtlicher Rechtssatz, wonach Bundeskanzler a.D. nach dem Ende ihrer Amtszeit einen Anspruch auf ein Büro mit Stellenausstattung haben, ist nicht entstanden. Unter einer für die Entstehung von Gewohnheitsrecht erforderlichen Rechtsüberzeugung ist nicht nur die Erwartung zu verstehen, dass die Beteiligten nach dieser Maxime verfahren werden, sondern darüber hinaus die Überzeugung, dass sie dies tun werden, weil es sich um eine sie bindende Norm handelt und nicht nur um einen bloßen Verwaltungsbrauch bzw. eine courtoisie mit rein politischem Charakter.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
OVG Berlin-Brandenburg, Urteil vom 02.03.2023 – OVG 3 B 28/21
Creators: name: OVG Berlin-Brandenburg
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Weil die AfD in der Zeit von Juli bis September 2017 Spenden in Höhe von insgesamt 132.005,52 €, unter Verstoß gegen § 25 Abs. 2 Nr. 6 PartG angenommen hatte, machte der Präsident des Deutschen Bundestages einen Zahlungsanspruch nach § 31c PartG in Höhe des Dreifachen des rechtswidrig erlangten Betrages durch Bescheid geltend. Das OVG bestätigte diesen: Eine Spende „an die Partei“ und keine Direktspende an einen Kandidaten ist gegeben, wenn der Spendenbetrag auf das Parteikonto überwiesen und zudem zu Parteizwecken wie der Finanzierung einer Wahlkampfwerbekampagne verwendet worden ist. Die Offenlegungspflichten und Spendenannahmeregelungen des Parteiengesetzen dienen der Offenlegung einer Verflechtung von politischen und wirtschaftlichen Interessen, damit die Wähler sich unter anderem über die Kräfte unterrichten können, die die Politik der Parteien bestimmen, und die Möglichkeit haben, die Übereinstimmung zwischen den politischen Programmen und dem Verhalten derer zu prüfen, die mit Hilfe finanzieller Mittel auf die Parteien Einfluss zu nehmen suchen. Zugleich soll die innere Ordnung der Parteien durch die Pflicht zur öffentlichen Rechenschaftslegung gegen undemokratische Einflüsse gesichert werden.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Light-Element Abundance Variations at Low Metallicity: the Globular Cluster NGC 5466
Creators: name: Shetrone, Matthew
name: Martell, Sarah L.
name: Wilkerson, Rachel
name: Adams, Joshua
name: Siegel, Michael H.
name: Smith, Graeme H.
name: Bond, Howard E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present low-resolution (R~850) spectra for 67 asymptotic giant branch (AGB), horizontal branch and red giant branch (RGB) stars in the low-metallicity globular cluster NGC 5466, taken with the VIRUS-P integral-field spectrograph at the 2.7-m Harlan J. Smith telescope at McDonald Observatory. Sixty-six stars are confirmed, and one rejected, as cluster members based on radial velocity, which we measure to an accuracy of 16 km s-1 via template-matching techniques. CN and CH band strengths have been measured for 29 RGB and AGB stars in NGC 5466, and the band strength indices measured from VIRUS-P data show close agreement with those measured from Keck/LRIS spectra previously taken of five of our target stars. We also determine carbon abundances from comparisons with synthetic spectra. The RGB stars in our data set cover a range in absolute V magnitude from +2 to -3, which permits us to study the rate of carbon depletion on the giant branch as well as the point of its onset. The data show a clear decline in carbon abundance with rising luminosity above the luminosity function "bump" on the giant branch, and also a subdued range in CN band strength, suggesting ongoing internal mixing in individual stars but minor or no primordial star-to-star variation in light-element abundances.
description: 10 pages, emulateapj format, AJ accepted
Dynamically generated hadron resonances
Creators: name: Oset, E.
name: Garzon, E. J.
name: Xie, Ju Jun
name: Gonzalez, P.
name: Ramos, A.
name: Torres, A. Martínez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an example of dynamically generated resonances we mention the interaction of vector mesons with baryons within the local hidden gauge formalism which gives rise to a large amount of such states, many of which can be associated to known resonances, while others represent predictions for new resonances. The width of these states coming from decay into pseudoscalar baryon is also addressed. We also mention recent states coming from $Δρπ$ interaction obtained with Faddeev equations.
On the Four Types of Weight Functions for Spatial Contiguity Matrix
Creators: name: Chen, Yanguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a "spatial autocorrelation analysis" of spatial autocorrelation. I use the 1-dimension spatial autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) to analyze four kinds of weight function in common use for the 2-dimensional spatial autocorrelation model. The aim of this study is at how to select a proper weight function to construct a spatial contiguity matrix for spatial analysis. The scopes of application of different weight functions are defined in terms of the characters of their ACFs and PACFs.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Bundesschiedsgericht BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN, Entscheidung vom 22.12.2022 – BSchG 05/2022
Creators: name: Bundesschiedsgericht BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Ein faires Verfahren verlangt, dass die Partei dem einzelnen Mitglied größtmögliche Transparenz hinsichtlich der jeweils eigenen Mitgliedsdaten gewährt, damit es sich bei einer tatsächlichen oder auch nur potentiellen Bewerbung darauf einstellen kann, ob es auf einem Frauenplatz oder nur auf einem offenen Platz kandidieren darf. Entsprechendes gilt etwa auch für Redelisten. Bleibt ein Mit-glied im Unklaren darüber, mit welchem Geschlecht es in den Mitgliedsakten geführt wird, kann es bei Geltung einer Frauenquote sein passives Wahlrecht nicht mehr informiert ausüben. Es wird parteiöffentlichen Erklärungen des Präsidiums vor der Wahlversammlung über eine vermeintlich nicht stimmige Geschlechtszugehörigkeit ausgesetzt, kann seine Kandidatur nicht zielgenau auf die angestrebte Position beziehen und hat keine Möglichkeit mehr, Rechtsschutz gegen die Änderung der Geschlechtseintragung rechtzeitig vor der Wahl zu erlangen. Es erscheint mehr als zweifelhaft, ob die Partei die Geschlechtszugehörigkeit eines Mitglieds in der Mitgliederdatei überhaupt eigenmächtig abändern darf. In keinem Falle kann sie dies jedoch ohne vorherige Information und Anhörung des Mitglieds, um dessen Registrierung und Daten es geht. Das bislang angewandte Vorgehen verletzt das Recht auf ein faires (Wahl-)Verfahren und damit zugleich das Recht auf einen chancengleichen Zugang zum Parteiamt.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Magnetic vortex lattice in HgBa2CuO4+x observed by small-angle neutron scattering
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Egetenmeyer, N.
name: Gavilano, J. L.
name: Barisic, N.
name: Greven, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a direct observation of the magnetic vortex lattice in the model high-temperature superconductor HgBa2CuO4+x. Using small-angle neutron scattering on high-quality crystals, we observe two equal domains of undistorted triangular vortex lattices well-aligned with the tetragonal crystallographic axes. The signal decreases rapidly with increasing magnetic field and vanishes above 0.4 Tesla, which we attribute to a crossover from a three-dimensional to a two-dimensional vortex system, similar to previous results for the more anisotropic compound Bi2.15Sr1.95CaCu2O8+x. Our result indicates that a triangular vortex lattice at low magnetic fields is a generic property to cuprates with critical temperatures above 80 K.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRB
„Beam me up, Mister Speaker“: Ausschlüsse aus Parlament, Partei und Fraktion in den USA
Creators: name: Kolkmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Ein Ausschluss aus dem Parlament im US-amerikanischen politischen System ist ein äußerst seltenes Phänomen. Ein Ausschluss traf - bis zur Fertigstellung dieses Beitrages im November 2023 - erst 20 Kongressmitglieder, darunter 15 im US-Senat. Von diesen 15 wurden 14 während des Bürgerkrieges ausgeschlossen. Zuletzt fand ein entsprechendes Ausschlussverfahren gegen den Republikanischen Abgeordneten George Santos (New York) im Jahr 2023 statt. Erst am 1. Dezember 2023 - nach Fertigstellung des Beitrags - erfolgte sein Ausschluss aus dem Repräsentantenhaus. Die rechtlichen Bestimmungen für Ausschlüsse aus dem US-Kongress sind äußerst knapp bestimmt, aber es gibt sie. Deutlich schwieriger ist die Frage zu beantworten, ob bzw. inwiefern ein Ausschluss aus einer einzelnen Fraktion oder einer Partei möglich ist. Der Fokus dieses Beitrags liegt daher auf den Möglichkeiten des Ausschlusses aus einer der beiden Kongresskammern in Washington DC, dem US-Senat und dem US-Repräsentantenhaus.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Die Grenze der geschlechtlichen Selbstbestimmung bei politischen Kandidaturen
Creators: name: Rabe, Lea
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Das Bundesschiedsgerichtsgerichts BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN rang in einer Entscheidung mit der Herausbildung fairer Anforderungen an eine belastbare Selbstdefinition: es ging konkret um die Grenze der geschlechtlichen Selbstbestimmung bei politischen Kandidaturen. Dieses Ringen ist durch die aktuelle Rechtslage begründet, in der, wegen des (noch) hürdenreichen Änderungsverfahrens, ein Abstellen auf das eingetragene Geschlecht Persönlichkeitsrechte der Betroffenen tangiert. Da nicht nur das grüne Satzungsrecht, sondern auch der Bundesverfassungsgerichtsbeschluss zur „Dritten Option“ das Geschlecht – hier im Sinn des Art. 3 GG – an die empfundene Geschlechtsidentität anknüpft, sind Fremdzuschreibungen stets diskriminierungsverdächtig. In diese „Falle“ tappte auch das Bundesschiedsgericht. Die Einführung eines selbstbestimmten Änderungsverfahrens, flankiert durch präventiven Missbrauchsschutz, die der Referentenentwurf zum Selbstbestimmungsgesetz (RefE-SBBG) ankündigt, ist zum Schutz des Persönlichkeitsrechts und vor Diskriminierung dringend geboten.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Dubrovin's duality for $F$-manifolds with eventual identities
Creators: name: David, Liana
name: Strachan, Ian A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vector field E on an F-manifold (M, o, e) is an eventual identity if it is invertible and the multiplication X*Y := X o Y o E^{-1} defines a new F-manifold structure on M. We give a characterization of such eventual identities, this being a problem raised by Manin. We develop a duality between F-manifolds with eventual identities and we show that is compatible with the local irreducible decomposition of F-manifolds and preserves the class of Riemannian F-manifolds. We find necessary and sufficient conditions on the eventual identity which insure that harmonic Higgs bundles and DChk-structures are preserved by our duality. We use eventual identities to construct compatible pair of metrics.