cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
RHMC with Block Solvers and Multiple Pseudofermions
Creators: name: de Forcrand, Philippe
name: Keegan, Liam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dominant cost of most lattice QCD simulations is the inversion of the Dirac operator required to calculate the force term in the RHMC update. One way to improve this situation is to use multiple pseudofermions, which reduces the size and variance of this force and hence allows a larger integration step size to be used. This means fewer force term calculations are required, but at the cost of having to invert the Dirac operator for each pseudofermion field. This bottleneck can be addressed: recently there has been renewed interest in the use of block Krylov solvers, which can solve multiple right hand side vectors with significantly fewer iterations than are required if each vector is solved using a separate Krylov solver. We combine these two ideas, achieving a significant speed-up of RHMC lattice QCD simulations.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, published version
The $L^p$ convergence of Fourier series on triangular domains
Creators: name: Babb, Ryan Luis Acosta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B08 (Primary) 42B05, 34L10, 35P10, 42A10 (Secondary)

description: We prove $L^p$ norm convergence for (appropriate truncations of) the Fourier series arising from the Dirichlet Laplacian eigenfunctions on three types of triangular domains in $\mathbb{R}^2$: (i) the 45-90-45 triangle, (ii) the equilateral triangle and (iii) the hemiequilateral triangle (i.e. half an equilateral triangle cut along its height). The limitations of our argument to these three types are discussed in light of Lamé's Theorem.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
MSc Thesis Research Proposal 'Seagrass mapping and monitoring along the coast of Crete, Greece'
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: 40699 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This MSc thesis aims to explore the application of the remote sensing technologies for seagrass mapping and spatial-temporal monitoring using the integration of satellite data and knowledge about the coastal environmental over the northern Greece, to discriminate seagrass at the species level and map the temporal dynamics of their distribution over the last 10 years (2000-2010). The main research objective is monitoring of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) over time along the northern coast of Crete island in selected locations, using methods of remote sensing techniques and spatial GIS analysis. The seagrasses, a unique group of aquatic plants growing submerged in sea water, create unique, complex, extremely diversified and productive ecological systems in the littoral coastal zones between 0-50 meters in shallow waters all over the world, and serve as a valuable environmental indicators for the marine ecosystems health. The seagrasses contribute significantly to the balance of littoral ecosystems and are referred to as the “constructors” of ecosystems, being a component of marine ecosystems of high importance. The seagrass Posidonia oceanica is a key species to inhabit littoral of the Mediterranean Sea and is widely spread along the coasts of Crete. Monitoring and cartography of the marine benthic ecosystems of seagrasses is essential for the evaluating the seagrass current distribution, analysis of its dynamics and changes over time as well as estimations the degree of deterioration of the meadows for the purpose of coastal management. Using space borne satellite imagery for the seagrass mapping is limited to some extent, due to the uncertainties of the spectral signature of the seagrass as well as some technical difficulties: e.g. the refraction of the light through water, sun reflection and angle affecting the quality of the images. Spectral reflectance characteristics of the Posidonia oceanica seagrass enable its discrimination from other seafloor types as well as different vegetation communities. The potential of image processing application of various types of photographs (colour, infrared, and black and white) for the seagrass monitoring enables to use RS teqniques for seagrass monitoring.
Large sieve inequalities with power moduli and Waring's problem
Creators: name: Baier, Stephan
name: Lynch, Sean B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B57, 11P05 (Primary) 11D75, 11J71, 11L03, 11L07 (Secondary)

description: We improve the large sieve inequality with $k$th-power moduli, for all $k\ge 4$. Our method relates these inequalities to a restricted variant of Waring's problem. Firstly, we input a classical divisor bound on the number of representations of a positive integer as a sum of two $k$th-powers. Secondly, we input a recent and general result of Wooley on mean values of exponential sums. Lastly, we state a conditional result, based on the conjectural Hardy-Littlewood formula for the number of representations of a large positive integer as a sum of $k+1$ $k$th-powers.
description: 13 pages, added theorem 2.4 part ii, added corollary 2.6, new comparison section
Investigation of the Lake Victoria Region
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: Physical Geography
subject: 160401 Economic Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 160403 Social and Cultural Geography

description: The study area encompasses region of Victoria Lake and 3 adjoining countries: Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. Lake Victoria is the second largest fresh water body on the Earth with unique environment giving origin of the Nile waters. The ArcGIS analysis enable to perform Correlation of spatial distribution of cropland areas with precipitation and topography. Comparison of cropland areas in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya. Created DEM and classified the total area into land cover types (16 classes). Map of population (by population statistics). Selected land classes in protected areas.
Reverse annealing for the fully connected $p$-spin model
Creators: name: Ohkuwa, Masaki
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reverse annealing is a variant of quantum annealing that starts from a given classical configuration of spins (qubits). In contrast to the conventional formulation, where one starts from a uniform superposition of all possible states (classical configurations), quantum fluctuations are first increased and only then decreased. One then reads out the state as a proposed solution to the given combinatorial optimization problem. We formulate a mean-field theory of reverse annealing using the fully-connected ferromagnetic $p$-spin model, with and without random longitudinal fields, and analyze it in order to understand how and when reverse annealing is effective at solving this problem. We find that the difficulty arising from the existence of a first-order quantum phase transition, which leads to an exponentially long computation time in conventional quantum annealing, is circumvented in the context of this particular problem by reverse annealing if the proximity of the initial state to the (known) solution exceeds a threshold. Even when a first-order transition is unavoidable, the difficulty is mitigated due to a smaller jump in the order parameter at a first-order transition, which implies a larger rate of quantum tunneling. This is the first analytical study of reverse annealing and paves the way toward a systematic understanding of this relatively unexplored protocol in a broader context.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
On the best lattice quantizers
Creators: name: Agrell, Erik
name: Allen, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A lattice quantizer approximates an arbitrary real-valued source vector with a vector taken from a specific discrete lattice. The quantization error is the difference between the source vector and the lattice vector. In a classic 1996 paper, Zamir and Feder show that the globally optimal lattice quantizer (which minimizes the mean square error) has white quantization error: for a uniformly distributed source, the covariance of the error is the identity matrix, multiplied by a positive real factor. We generalize the theorem, showing that the same property holds (i) for any lattice whose mean square error cannot be decreased by a small perturbation of the generator matrix, and (ii) for an optimal product of lattices that are themselves locally optimal in the sense of (i). We derive an upper bound on the normalized second moment (NSM) of the optimal lattice in any dimension, by proving that any lower- or upper-triangular modification to the generator matrix of a product lattice reduces the NSM. Using these tools and employing the best currently known lattice quantizers to build product lattices, we construct improved lattice quantizers in dimensions 13 to 15, 17 to 23, and 25 to 48. In some dimensions, these are the first reported lattices with normalized second moments below the best known upper bound.
Reflection Factors for the Principal Chiral Model
Creators: name: Prata, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the SU(2) Principal Chiral Model (at level $k=1$) on the half-line with scale invariant boundary conditions. By looking at the IR limiting conformal field theory and comparing with the Kondo problem, we propose the set of permissible boundary conditions and the corresponding reflection factors.
description: 12 pages, 1 Postscript figure
Additional file 1 of Analyses on clustering of the conserved residues at protein-RNA interfaces and its application in binding site identification
Creators: name: Yang, Zhen
name: Deng, Xueqing
name: Liu, Yang
name: Gong, Weikang
name: Li, Chunhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Dataset of 160 protein-RNA complexes (classified into five different function classes based on the type of RNA associated with the protein). Table S2. Location of experimental hot spots within the conserved residue clusters in protein interfaces. Table S3. Average entropy of 20 types of amino acid residues in interior, interface and non-interface surface regions of protein-RNA complexes. Table S4. Values of the parameters indicating the clustering of conserved residues in individual interfaces. Table S5. Parameters describing the clustering of conserved interface residues in five classes of protein-RNA complexes. Figure S1. Conservation of the amino acid residues in five different protein-RNA complexes. Residue conservation is mapped at the protein surface with the color code provided at the bottom. Red stands for the maximum conservation (lowest ), and blue stands for the minimum conservation (highest ). The RNA backbone is shown in Stick and colored green. (A) The SXL-UNR translation regulatory complex (PDB code: 4qqb). (B) The prolyl-tRNA synthetase from thermus thermophilus complexed with tRNA (PDB code: 1h4q). (C) The ribosomal protein s8-rRNA complex (PDB code: 1i6u). (D) The bacterial protein-RNA toxin-antitoxin system (PDB code: 4rmo). (E) The human adenosine bound to dsRNA (PDB code: 5ed2). Figure S2. Distribution of the number of conserved interface residue sub-clusters as a function of the interface area in protein-RNA complexes. The x-axis labels mark the origin of the range in each column. Bins are of size 400 Å². Figure S3. Multiple clusters of evolutionary conserved residues in protein interfaces. (A) In the complex of prolyl-tRNA synthetase from thermus thermophilus complexed with tRNA (PDB code 1h4q, chain A with ρ = 1.17), the interface contains one well-clustered region of conserved residues. (B) In the complex of tRNA synthetase complexed with tRNA (PDB code 2du3, chain A with ρ = 1.19), the interface contains two regions of conserved residues. (C) Three conserved clusters in the interface of E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase with tRNA (PDB code 4arc, chain A with ρ = 1.19). Figures show the protein domains as CPK (green and blue for conserved and other residues), the RNA domains as Stick (yellow). Figure S4. Distribution of sub-cluster size (the number of interface residues in the conserved cluster). Figure S5 Plot of ΔΔG values vs. sequence entropies for the 139 interface residues involved in 41 protein-RNA complexes for which experimental alanine scanning mutagenesis data are available. Figure S6. Percentage distribution of the ρ values for all protein-RNA interfaces.
Simultaneous measurement of the light and charge response of liquid xenon to low-energy nuclear recoils at multiple electric fields
Creators: name: Aprile, Elena
name: Anthony, Matthew
name: Lin, Qing
name: Greene, Zach
name: de Perio, Patrick
name: Gao, Fei
name: Howlett, Joseph
name: Plante, Guillaume
name: Zhang, Yun
name: Zhu, Tianyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-phase liquid xenon (LXe) detectors lead the direct search for particle dark matter. Understanding the signal production process of nuclear recoils in LXe is essential for the interpretation of LXe based dark matter searches. Up to now, only two experiments have simultaneously measured both the light and charge yield at different electric fields, neither of which attempted to evaluate the processes leading to light and charge production. In this letter, results from a neutron calibration of liquid xenon with simultaneous light and charge detection are presented for energies from 3-74 keV, at electric fields of 0.19, 0.49, and 1.02 kV/cm. No significant field dependence of the yields is observed.
description: submitted to Physics Review D
The e-MANTIS emulator: fast predictions of the non-linear matter power spectrum in $f(R)$CDM cosmology
Creators: name: Sáez-Casares, Iñigo
name: Rasera, Yann
name: Li, Baojiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to probe modifications of gravity at cosmological scales, one needs accurate theoretical predictions. N-body simulations are required to explore the non-linear regime of structure formation but are very time consuming. In this work, we release a new public emulator, dubbed e-MANTIS, that performs an accurate and fast interpolation between the predictions of $f(R)$ modified gravity cosmological simulations, run with ECOSMOG. We sample a wide 3D parameter space given by the current background scalar field value $10^{-7}<\left|f_{R_0}\right|<10^{-4}$, matter density $0.24<Ω_\mathrm{m}<0.39$, and primordial power spectrum normalisation $0.6<σ_8<1.0$, with 110 points sampled from a Latin Hypercube. For each model we perform pairs of $f(R)$CDM and $Λ$CDM simulations covering an effective volume of $\left(560 \, h^{-1}\mathrm{Mpc}\right)^3$ with a mass resolution of $\sim 2 \times 10^{10} h^{-1} M_\odot$. We build an emulator for the matter power spectrum boost $B(k)=P_{f(R)}(k)/P_{Λ\mathrm{CDM}}(k)$ using a Gaussian Process Regression method. The boost is mostly independent of $h$, $n_{s}$, and $Ω_{b}$, which reduces the dimensionality of the relevant cosmological parameter space. Additionally, it is more robust against statistical and systematic errors than the raw power spectrum, thus strongly reducing our computational needs. According to our dedicated study of numerical systematics, the resulting emulator has an estimated maximum error of $3\%$ across the whole cosmological parameter space, for scales $0.03 \ h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1} < k < 7 \ h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$, and redshifts $0 < z < 2$, while in most cases the accuracy is better than $1\%$. Such an emulator could be used to constrain $f(R)$ gravity with weak lensing analyses
description: 23 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Link to the emulator code: https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.7738362
A frequency resolved atlas of the sky in continuous gravitational waves
Creators: name: Dergachev, Vladimir
name: Papa, Maria Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first atlas of the continuous gravitational wave sky, produced using LIGO O3a public data. For each 0.045 Hz frequency band and every point on the sky the atlas provides gravitational wave amplitude upper limits, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and frequencies where the search measures the maximum SNR. The approximately top 1.5% of the atlas results are reanalyzed with a series of more sensitive searches with the purpose of finding high SNR long coherence signals from isolated neutron stars. However, these searches do not reveal the presence of such signals. The results presented in the atlas are produced with the Falcon pipeline and cover nearly monochromatic gravitational-wave signals in the 500-1000 Hz band, with up to +/- 5e-11 Hz/s frequency derivative. The Falcon pipeline computes loosely coherent power estimates to search data using a succession of coherence lengths. For this search we used 6 months of data, started with a 12 hour coherence length and progressed to 6 days. Compared to the most sensitive results previously published (also produced with the Falcon pipeline) our upper limits are 50% more constraining. Neutron stars with ellipticity of 1e-8 can be detected up to 150 pc away, while allowing for a large fraction of the stars' energy to be lost through non-gravitational channels. These results are within an order of magnitude of the _minimum_ neutron star ellipticity of 1e-9 suggested in [33].
Towards Understanding the Endemic Behavior of a Competitive Tri-Virus SIS Networked Model
Creators: name: Gracy, Sebin
name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Uribe, Cesar A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper studies the endemic behavior of a multi-competitive networked susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model. Specifically, the paper deals with three competing virus systems (i.e., tri-virus systems). First, we show that a tri-virus system, unlike a bi-virus system, is not a monotone dynamical system. Using the Parametric Transversality Theorem, we show that, generically, a tri-virus system has a finite number of equilibria and that the Jacobian matrices associated with each equilibrium are nonsingular. The endemic equilibria of this system can be classified as follows: a) single-virus endemic equilibria (also referred to as the boundary equilibria), where precisely one of the three viruses is alive; b) 2-coexistence equilibria, where exactly two of the three viruses are alive; and c) 3-coexistence equilibria, where all three viruses survive in the network. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees local exponential convergence to a boundary equilibrium. Further, we secure conditions for the nonexistence of 3-coexistence equilibria (resp. for various forms of 2-coexistence equilibria). We also identify sufficient conditions for the existence of a 2-coexistence (resp. 3-coexistence) equilibrium. We identify conditions on the model parameters that give rise to a continuum of coexistence equilibria. More specifically, we establish i) a scenario that admits the existence and local exponential attractivity of a line of coexistence equilibria; and ii) scenarios that admit the existence of, and, in the case of one such scenario, global convergence to, a plane of 3-coexistence equilibria.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2209.11826
On the challenge to improve the density response with unusual gradient approximations
Creators: name: Garhammer, J.
name: Hofmann, F.
name: Armiento, R.
name: Kümmel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain excitations, especially ones of long-range charge transfer character, are poorly described by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) when typical (semi-)local functionals are used. A proper description of these excitations would require an exchange-correlation response differing substantially from the usual (semi-)local one. It has recently been shown that functionals of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) type can yield unusual potentials, mimicking features of the exact exchange derivative discontinuity and showing divergences on orbital nodal surfaces. We here investigate whether these unusual potential properties translate into beneficial response properties. Using the Sternheimer formalism we closely investigate the response obtained with the 2013 exchange approximation by Armiento and Kümmel (AK13) and the 1988 exchange approximation by Becke (B88), both of which show divergences on orbital nodal planes. Numerical calculations for Na2 as well as analytical and numerical calculations for the hydrogen atom show that the response of AK13 behaves qualitatively different from usual semi local functionals. However, the AK13 functional leads to fundamental instabilities in the asymptotic region that prevent its practical application in TDDFT. Our findings may help the development of future improved functionals, and corroborate that the frequency-dependent Sternheimer formalism is excellently suited for running and analyzing TDDFT calculations.
Platform business models for German SMEs: Interview with Svenja Falk
Creators: name: Meier, Philip
name: Stöckle, Janis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Platform economy, platforms, digital business models,SMEs

description: What should SMEs consider, when they try to build their own platform? “Key focus should be on the ability to create value through joining the platform economy”, says Svenja Falk, Managing Director at Accenture in the interview with HIIG researcher Philip Meier.
Additional file 1 of Rare disease curative care expenditure-financing scheme-health provider–beneficiary group analysis: an empirical study in Sichuan Province, China
Creators: name: Li, Jia
name: Yang, Lian
name: Zhang, Yitong
name: Liao, Hailun
name: Ma, Yuan
name: Sun, Qun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Distribution of sample institutions in Sichuan Province in 2018.
Nonlinear contraction in $b$-suprametric spaces
Creators: name: Berzig, Maher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54A05, 47H10, 47H09

description: We introduce the concept of $b$-suprametric spaces and establish a fixed point result for mappings satisfying a nonlinear contraction in such spaces. The obtained result generalizes a fixed point theorem of Czerwik and a recent result of the author.
description: 15 pages
A perturbative approach to $B$ decays into two $π$ mesons
Creators: name: Dahm, M.
name: Jakob, R.
name: Kroll, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modified perturbative approach in which transverse degrees of freedom as well as Sudakov suppressions are taken into account, is applied to $B$ decays into two $π$ mesons. The influence of various model parameters (CKM matrix elements, $B$ decay constant, mesonic wave functions) on the results as well as short distance corrections to the weak Hamiltonian are discussed in some detail. The perturbative contributions to the $B$ decays yield branching ratios of the order of $10^{-7}\;-\;10^{-6}$ which values are well below the upper limit for the $\bar{B}^0\toπ^+π^-$ branching ratio as measured by CLEO.
description: 26 pages, RevTex, 6 figures appended (compressed and uuencode using 'uufiles')
Österreichische und Schweizer Alpen. Forschungsschwerpunkten: Risikoeinschätzung und naturlichen Gefahren in Alpen und Dynamik der Menschensiedlungen in Alpen
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: Physical Geography
subject: 160401 Economic Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Research Proposal for the Research Stay at the University of Vienna: Beilage zur Bewerbung für das Ernst Mach-Stipendium weltweit, für das Studienjahr 2010/11 für Doktoranden der Naturwissenschaften
Indirect search for light charged Higgs bosons through the dominant semileptonic decays of top quark $t\to b(\to B/D+X)+H^+(\to τ^+ν_τ)$
Creators: name: Abbaspour, S.
name: Nejad, S. Mohammad Moosavi
name: Balali, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce a new channel to indirect search for the light charged Higgs bosons, which are predicted in several extensions of the standard model (SM) such as the two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs). We calculate the ${\cal O}(α_s)$ QCD radiative corrections to the energy distribution of bottom- and charmed-flavored hadrons ($B/D$) produced in the dominant decays of the polarized top quark in the 2HDM, i.e. $t(\uparrow)\longrightarrow b(\to B/D+\text{jet})+H^+(\to τ^+ν_τ)$. %This analysis is studied in a specific helicity coordinate system where the polarization vector of the top quark is evaluated with respect to the momentum direction of the bottom quark. Generally, the energy distribution of hadrons is governed by the unpolarized rate and the polar and the azimuthal correlation functions which are related to the density matrix elements of the decay $t(\uparrow)\rightarrow bH^+$. In our proposed channel, any deviation of the $B/D$-meson energy spectrum from its corresponding SM predictions can be considered as a signal for the existence of charged Higgs at the LHC. We also calculate, for the first time, the azimuthal correlation rate $Γ_ϕ$ at next-to-leading order which vanishes at the Born level.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, published in NPB 932 (2018) 505
Cavity-induced bifurcation in classical rate theory
Creators: name: Kansanen, Kalle S. U.
name: Heikkilä, Tero T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how coupling an ensemble of bistable systems to a common cavity field affects the collective stochastic behavior of this ensemble. In particular, the cavity provides an effective interaction between the systems, and parametrically modifies the transition rates between the metastable states. We predict that the cavity induces a collective phase transition at a critical temperature which depends linearly on the number of systems. It shows up as a spontaneous symmetry breaking where the stationary states of the bistable system bifurcate. We observe that the transition rates slow down independently of the phase transition, but the rate modification vanishes for alternating signs of the system-cavity couplings, corresponding to a disordered ensemble of dipoles. Our results are of particular relevance in polaritonic chemistry where the presence of a cavity has been suggested to affect chemical reactions.
description: Resubmission to SciPost; minor text changes in Secs. 2 and 3; 28 pages and 8 figures
Learning a quantum computer's capability
Creators: name: Hothem, Daniel
name: Young, Kevin
name: Catanach, Tommie
name: Proctor, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurately predicting a quantum computer's capability -- which circuits it can run and how well it can run them -- is a foundational goal of quantum characterization and benchmarking. As modern quantum computers become increasingly hard to simulate, we must develop accurate and scalable predictive capability models to help researchers and stakeholders decide which quantum computers to build and use. In this work, we propose a hardware-agnostic method to efficiently construct scalable predictive models of a quantum computer's capability for almost any class of circuits, and demonstrate our method using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Our CNN-based approach works by efficiently representing a circuit as a three-dimensional tensor and then using a CNN to predict its success rate. Our CNN capability models obtain approximately a $1\%$ average absolute prediction error when modeling processors experiencing both Markovian and non-Markovian stochastic Pauli errors. We also apply our CNNs to model the capabilities of cloud-access quantum computing systems, obtaining moderate prediction accuracy (average absolute error around $2-5\%$), and we highlight the challenges to building better neural network capability models.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, plus appendices
Inverse seesaw mechanism with compact supersymmetry: enhanced naturalness and light super-partners
Creators: name: De Romeri, Valentina
name: Patel, Ketan M.
name: Valle, Jose W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the supersymmetric inverse seesaw mechanism for neutrino mass generation within the context of a low energy effective theory where supersymmetry is broken geometrically in an extra dimensional theory. It is shown that the effective scale characterizing the resulting compact supersymmetric spectrum can be as low as 500-600 GeV for moderate values of $\tanβ$. The potentially large neutrino Yukawa couplings, naturally present in inverse seesaw schemes, enhance the Higgs mass and allow the super-partners to be lighter than in compact supersymmetry without neutrino masses. The inverse seesaw structure also implies a novel spectrum profile and couplings, in which the lightest supersymmetric particle can be an admixture of isodoublet and isosinglet sneutrinos. Dedicated collider as well as dark matter studies should take into account such specific features.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. It matches with the version published in PRD
Towards Class-agnostic Tracking Using Feature Decorrelation in Point Clouds
Creators: name: Tian, Shengjing
name: Liu, Jun
name: Liu, Xiuping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Single object tracking in point clouds has been attracting more and more attention owing to the presence of LiDAR sensors in 3D vision. However, the existing methods based on deep neural networks focus mainly on training different models for different categories, which makes them unable to perform well in real-world applications when encountering classes unseen during the training phase. In this work, we investigate a more challenging task in the LiDAR point clouds, class-agnostic tracking, where a general model is supposed to be learned for any specified targets of both observed and unseen categories. In particular, we first investigate the class-agnostic performances of the state-of-the-art trackers via exposing the unseen categories to them during testing, finding that a key factor for class-agnostic tracking is how to constrain fused features between the template and search region to maintain generalization when the distribution is shifted from observed to unseen classes. Therefore, we propose a feature decorrelation method to address this problem, which eliminates the spurious correlations of the fused features through a set of learned weights and further makes the search region consistent among foreground points and distinctive between foreground and background points. Experiments on the KITTI and NuScenes demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve considerable improvements by benchmarking against the advanced trackers P2B and BAT, especially when tracking unseen objects.
M-Theory Five-brane Wrapped on Curves for Exceptional Groups
Creators: name: Caceres, Elena
name: Pasanen, Pirjo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the M-theory five-brane wrapped around the Seiberg-Witten curves for pure classical and exceptional groups given by an integrable system. Generically, the D4-branes arise as cuts that collapse to points after compactifying the eleventh dimension and going to the semiclassical limit, producing brane configurations of NS5- and D4-branes with N=2 gauge theories on the world volume of the four-branes. We study the symmetries of the different curves to see how orientifold planes are related to the involutions needed to obtain the distinguished Prym variety of the curve. This explains the subtleties encountered for the Sp(2n) and SO(2n +1). Using this approach we investigate the curves for exceptional groups, especially G_2 and E_6, and show that unlike for classical groups taking the semiclassical ten dimensional limit does not reduce the cuts to D4-branes. For G_2 we find a genus two quotient curve that contains the Prym and has the right properties to describe the G_2 field theory, but the involutions are far more complicated than the ones for classical groups. To realize them in M-theory instead of an orientifold plane we would need another object, a kind of curved orientifold surface.
description: LaTeX2e, 20 pages, 10 figures;minor modifications, references added, typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of mild hand, foot and mouth disease in children under 7 years old, Nanjing, China, 2010–2019
Creators: name: Wang, Junjun
name: Ding, Songning
name: Xie, Weijia
name: Wang, Taiwu
name: Qin, Ying
name: Zheng, Jiandong
name: Yang, Xiaokun
name: Zhao, Hongting
name: Peng, Zhibin
name: Ma, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Spatial cluster scan of mild hand, foot, and mouth disease cases aged < 7 years in Nanjing, China, 2010-2019. Supplementary Table 2. Enterovirus serotypes distribution for mild hand, foot, and mouth disease cases aged < 7 years in Nanjing, China, 2010-2019.
Time-Asymmetric Fluctuation Theorem and Efficient Free Energy Estimation
Creators: name: Zhong, Adrianne
name: Kuznets-Speck, Benjamin
name: DeWeese, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The free-energy difference $ΔF$ between two high-dimensional systems is notoriously difficult to compute, but very important for many applications, such as drug discovery. We demonstrate that an unconventional definition of work introduced by Vaikuntanathan and Jarzynski (2008) satisfies a microscopic fluctuation theorem that relates path ensembles that are driven by protocols unequal under time-reversal. It has been shown before that counterdiabatic protocols -- those having additional forcing that enforces the system to remain in instantaneous equilibrium, also known as escorted dynamics or engineered swift equilibration -- yield zero-variance work measurements for this definition. We show that this time-asymmetric microscopic fluctuation theorem can be exploited for efficient free energy estimation by developing a simple (i.e., neural-network free) and efficient adaptive time-asymmetric protocol optimization algorithm that yields $ΔF$ estimates that are orders of magnitude lower in mean squared error than the generic linear interpolation protocol with which it is initialized.
description: Updated title, abstract, and discussion section, expanded SI to include underdamped case, additional edits. 11 pages, 3 figures. SI 10 pages, 1 algorithm, 4 figures
Introduction to the Absolute Brightness and Number Statistics in Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion
Creators: name: Schneeloch, James
name: Knarr, Samuel H.
name: Bogorin, Daniela F.
name: Levangie, Mackenzie L.
name: Tison, Christopher C.
name: Frank, Rebecca
name: Howland, Gregory A.
name: Fanto, Michael L.
name: Alsing, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a tutorial, we examine the absolute brightness and number statistics of photon pairs generated in Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (SPDC) from first principles. In doing so, we demonstrate how the diverse implementations of SPDC can be understood through a single common framework, and use this to derive straightforward formulas for the biphoton generation rate (pairs per second) in a variety of different circumstances. In particular, we consider the common cases of both collimated and focused gaussian pump beams in a bulk nonlinear crystal, as well as in nonlinear waveguides and micro-ring resonators. Furthermore, we examine the number statistics of down-converted light using a non-perturbative approximation (the multi-mode squeezed vacuum), to provide quantitative formulas for the relative likelihood of multi-pair production events, and explore how the quantum state of the pump affects the subsequent statistics of the downconverted light. Following this, we consider the limits of the undepleted pump approximation, and conclude by performing experiments to test the effectiveness of our theoretical predictions for the biphoton generation rate in a variety of different sources.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Disentangling the Faraday rotation sky
Creators: name: Hutschenreuter, Sebastian
name: Haverkorn, Marijke
name: Frank, Philipp
name: Raycheva, Nergis C.
name: Enßlin, Torsten A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields permeate the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) of the Milky Way, and are essential to explain the dynamical evolution and current shape of the Galaxy. Magnetic fields reveal themselves via their influence on the surrounding matter, and as such are notoriously hard to measure independently of other tracers. In this work, we attempt to disentangle an all sky map of the line-of-sight parallel component of the Galactic magnetic field from the Faraday effect, utilizing several tracers of the Galactic thermal electron density. Additionally, we aim to produce a Galactic electron dispersion measure map and quantify several tracers of the structure of the ionized medium of the Milky Way. We rely on compiled catalogs of extragalactic Faraday rotation measures and Galactic pulsar dispersion measures, a well as data on bremsstrahlung and the hydrogen $α$ spectral line to trace the ionized medium of the Milky Way. We present the first full sky map of the line-of-sight averaged Galactic magnetic field. Within this map, we find LoS parallel and LoS-averaged magnetic field strengths of up to 4 $μ$G, with an all-sky root-mean-square of 1.1 $μ$G, which is consistent with previous local measurements and global magnetic field models. Additionally, we produce a detailed electron dispersion measure map, which agrees with already existing parametric models at high latitudes, but suffers from systematic effects in the disk. Further analysis of our results with regard to the 3D structure of $n_{th}$ reveals that it follows a Kolmogorov-type turbulence for most of the sky. From the reconstructed dispersion measure and emission measure maps we construct several tracers of variability of $n_{th}$ along the LoS.
description: 27 pages, 18 Figures, accepted in A&A The results are accessible via https://zenodo.org/records/10523170 . Major differences to the previous versions are a new appendix on test with synthetic data and a more detailed discussion of the method. Version 1 comments: 24 pages, 16 Figures, submitted to A&A
Pre-stabilization Study
Creators: name: Martin, Carol A.
name: Anderson, Keith
name: Wilcox, David
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Non-Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/309/non-domestic-structures
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Wood
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/15/wood
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Building Materials
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/8/building-materials
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Collections Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/3/collections-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing
subject: Site Stabilization
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/11/site-stabilization

description: These documents all relate to a 1975 pre-stabilization study and later follow up for the Great House and South Building in Compound A at Casa Grande Ruins National Monument. The preliminary study appears that includes sketched maps of Compound A highlighting the Great House and South Building. Cost breakdowns are shown and manpower needs are detailed. Job descriptions with daily pay rates are provided.
A Phase-Space Approach to Collisionless Stellar Systems Using a Particle Method
Creators: name: Hozumi, Shunsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particle method for reproducing the phase space of collisionless stellar systems is described. The key idea originates in Liouville's theorem which states that the distribution function (DF) at time t can be derived from tracing necessary orbits back to t=0. To make this procedure feasible, a self-consistent field (SCF) method for solving Poisson's equation is adopted to compute the orbits of arbitrary stars. As an example, for the violent relaxation of a uniform-density sphere, the phase-space evolution which the current method generates is compared to that obtained with a phase-space method for integrating the collisionless Boltzmann equation, on the assumption of spherical symmetry. Then, excellent agreement is found between the two methods if an optimal basis set for the SCF technique is chosen. Since this reproduction method requires only the functional form of initial DFs but needs no assumptions about symmetry of the system, the success in reproducing the phase-space evolution implies that there would be no need of directly solving the collisionless Boltzmann equation in order to access phase space even for systems without any special symmetries. The effects of basis sets used in SCF simulations on the reproduced phase space are also discussed.
description: 16 pages w/4 embedded PS figures. Uses aaspp4.sty (AASLaTeX v4.0). To be published in ApJ, Oct. 1, 1997. This preprint is also available at http://www.sue.shiga-u.ac.jp/WWW/prof/hozumi/papers.html
Quantum field theory for the chiral clock transition in one spatial dimension
Creators: name: Whitsitt, Seth
name: Samajdar, Rhine
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the quantum phase transition in the $N$-state chiral clock model in spatial dimension $d=1$. With couplings chosen to preserve time-reversal and spatial inversion symmetries, such a model is in the universality class of recent experimental studies of the ordering of pumped Rydberg states in a one-dimensional chain of trapped ultracold alkali atoms. For such couplings and $N=3$, the clock model is expected to have a direct phase transition from a gapped phase with a broken global $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry, to a gapped phase with the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry restored. The transition has dynamical critical exponent $z \neq 1$, and so cannot be described by a relativistic quantum field theory. We use a lattice duality transformation to map the transition onto that of a Bose gas in $d=1$, involving the onset of a single boson condensate in the background of a higher-dimensional $N$-boson condensate. We present a renormalization group analysis of the strongly coupled field theory for the Bose gas transition in an expansion in $2-d$, with $4-N$ chosen to be of order $2-d$. At two-loop order, we find a regime of parameters with a renormalization group fixed point which can describe a direct phase transition. We also present numerical density-matrix renormalization group studies of lattice chiral clock and Bose gas models for $N=3$, finding good evidence for a direct phase transition, and obtain estimates for $z$ and the correlation length exponent $ν$.
description: 51 pages, 15 figures; (v2) added 2 figures to introduction