cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Settling and Clustering of Snow Particles in Atmospheric Turbulence
Creators: name: Li, Cheng
name: Lim, Kaeul
name: Berk, Tim
name: Abraham, Aliza
name: Heisel, Michael
name: Guala, Michele
name: Coletti, Filippo
name: Hong, Jiarong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of turbulence on snow precipitation is not incorporated into present weather forecasting models. Here we show evidence that turbulence is in fact a key influence on both fall speed and spatial distribution of settling snow. We consider three snowfall events under vastly different levels of atmospheric turbulence. We characterize the size and morphology of the snow particles, and we simultaneously image their velocity, acceleration, and relative concentration over vertical planes about 30 m2 in area. We find that turbulence-driven settling enhancement explains otherwise contradictory trends between the particle size and velocity. The estimates of the Stokes number and the correlation between vertical velocity and local concentration indicate that the enhanced settling is rooted in the preferential sweeping mechanism. When the snow vertical velocity is large compared to the characteristic turbulence velocity, the crossing trajectories effect results in strong accelerations. When the conditions of preferential sweeping are met, the concentration field is highly non-uniform and clustering appears over a wide range of scales. These clusters, identified for the first time in a naturally occurring flow, display the signature features seen in canonical settings: power-law size distribution, fractal-like shape, vertical elongation, and large fall speed that increases with the cluster size. These findings demonstrate that the fundamental phenomenology of particle-laden turbulence can be leveraged towards a better predictive understanding of snow precipitation and ground snow accumulation. They also demonstrate how environmental flows can be used to investigate dispersed multiphase flows at Reynolds numbers not accessible in laboratory experiments or numerical simulations.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Table S3 from A novel duplex qPCR assay for stepwise detection of multiple Perkinsea protistan infections of amphibian tissues
Creators: name: Smilansky, Vanessa
name: Chambouvet, Aurelie
name: Reeves, Mari
name: Richards, Thomas A.
name: Milner, David S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Specimen data for livers harvested from Alaska and French Guiana tadpoles. Liver tissue from each of the Alaska tadpoles was pooled prior to DNA extraction, yielding a single DNA sample (KNA_DNA). DNA was extracted individually from each of the French Guiana liver tissue samples.
Summary statistics from Ageing and physical function in East African foragers and pastoralists
Creators: name: M. Katherine Sayre
name: Pontzer, Herman
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Wood, Brian M.
name: Pike, Ivy L.
name: Audax Z.P. Mabulla
name: Raichlen, David A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Summary statistics for physical function measures
Disorder-induced electron and hole trapping in amorphous TiO2
Creators: name: Mora-Fonz, David
name: Kaviani, Moloud
name: Shluger, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films of amorphous (a)-TiO2 are ubiquitous as photocatalysts, protective coatings, photoanodes and in memory application, where they are exposed to excess electrons and holes. We investigate trapping of excess electrons and holes in the bulk of pure amorphous titanium dioxide, a-TiO2, using hybrid density functional theory (h-DFT) calculations. Fifty 270-atom a-TiO2 structures were produced using classical molecular dynamics and their geometries fully optimised using h-DFT simulations. They have the density, distribution of atomic coordination numbers and radial pair-distribution functions in agreement with experiment. The calculated average a-TiO2 band gap is 3.25 eV with no states splitting into the band gap. Trapping of excess electrons and holes in a-TiO2 is predicted at precursor sites, such as elongated Ti-O bonds. Single electron and hole polarons have average trapping energies (ET) of -0.4 eV and -0.8 eV, respectively. We also identify several types of electron and hole bipolaron states and discuss their stability. These results can be used for understanding the mechanisms of photo-catalysis and improving the performance of electronic devices employing a-TiO2 films.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. This article has been submitted to Physical Review B
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN THE U.S. BEEF AND PORK SECTORS: IMPACTS ON FARM-WHOLESALE MARKETING MARGINS AND LIVESTOCK PRICES
Creators: name: Marsh, John M.
name: Brester, Gary W.
name: Marsh, John M.
name: Brester, Gary W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: livestock prices
subject: marketing margins
subject: packer concentration
subject: technological change

description: Real livestock prices and farm-wholesale marketing margins have steadily declined over the past 20 years. Many studies have examined the effects of increasing packer concentration on these declines. However, most have generally failed to account directly for technological change in livestock production and red meat slaughtering. We estimate reduced form models for beef and pork farm-wholesale marketing margins and cattle and hog prices that specifically include measures of technological change. Empirical results indicate that meat packing technology has reduced real margins and technological change embodied in cattle and hog production accounts for substantial declines in real slaughter cattle and hog prices. When technological change is explicitly considered, we find that increasing packer concentration: (1) does not affect real farm-wholesale marketing margins, (2) positively affects real slaughter cattle prices, and (3) does not affect real slaughter hog prices.
van Dozel, Emeri [Johannes] und Schmidt, Andrea [Barbara]: Gog und Magog in early Eastern Christian and Islamic Sources
Creators: name: Greisiger, Lutz
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 94 (2010): Oriens christianus, Band 94
Tra originali e copie: note sui ritratti di Ottomani della collezione Giovio
Creators: name: Pittui, Ilenia
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

This article aims to further discuss the relationship between originals and copies within the collection of the historian Paolo Giovio from Como. Particular attention is paid to a nucleus of portraits of Ottoman Sultans, the existance of which is also attested in Giovio’s Elogia virorum bellica virtute illustrium (Florence, 1551). Among the series of copies made, the first one, painted by Cristofano dell’Altissimo for Cosimo de’ Medici and now preserved in the Uffizi Galleries of Florence, is taken into consideration. The final remarks concern the echo and influences that Giovio’s collected portraits might have had in the Ottoman territories.

description: Venezia Arti
Generalized Additive Models from Ageing and physical function in East African foragers and pastoralists
Creators: name: M. Katherine Sayre
name: Pontzer, Herman
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Wood, Brian M.
name: Pike, Ivy L.
name: Audax Z.P. Mabulla
name: Raichlen, David A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Generalized Additive Models of the effects of age and sex on physical function measures (full models)
Beyond survival : the experience of identity in the later stages of recovery from incest
Creators: name: Phillips, Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A qualitative, phenomenological methodology was used to explore and describe the experience of women's identity in the later stages of recovery from incest. Seven women between the ages of thirty and fifty seven years of age were interviewed about their experience of their sense of themselves in the later stages of their healing process. Colaizzi's (1978) methodological approach to phenomenological research was used to analyze the interview material and the following five themes emerged: an increasing sense of visibility and connection, an emerging sense of self definition and self acceptance, a shift in world view, a sense of regret over what has been lost, and a sense of resiliency and growth. These five themes were common to all of the women's experience of their identities in the later stages of recovery from incest. A follow up validation interview with each of the women served the purpose of confirming and clarifying the findings that were generated from the initial interview. These results expand our understanding of the experience of these seven women's sense of themselves at the later stages of their recovery from incest. Recommendations for future research and implications for counselling practice are provided.
Correlated Mixture Between Adiabatic and Isocurvature Fluctuations and Recent CMB Observations
Creators: name: Andrade, Ana Paula A.
name: Wuensche, Carlos Alexandre
name: Ribeiro, Andre Luis B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a reduced chi^2_nu test to search for non-gaussian signals in the CMBR TT power spectrum of recent CMBR data, WMAP, ACBAR and CBI data sets, assuming a mixed density field including adiabatic and isocurvature fluctuations. We assume a skew positive mixed model with adiabatic inflation perturbations plus additional isocurvature perturbations possibly produced by topological defects. The joint probability distribution used in this context is a weighted combination of Gaussian and non-Gaussian random fields. Results from simulations of CMBR temperature for the mixed field show a distinct signature in CMB power spectrum for very small deviations (~ 0.1%) from a pure Gaussian field, and can be used as a direct test for the nature of primordial fluctuations. A reduced chi^2_nu test applied on the most recent CMBR observations reveals that an isocurvature fluctuations field is not ruled out and indeed permits a very good description for a flat geometry Lambda-CDM universe, chi^2_930 ~ 1.5, rather than the simple inflationary standard model with chi^2_930 ~ 2.3. This result may looks is particular discrepant with the reduced chi^2 of 1.07 obtained with the same model in Spergel et al. (2003) for temperature only, however, our work is restricted to a region of the parameter space that does not include the best fit model for TT only of Spergel et al. (2003).
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
A Truncation Error Analysis of Third-Order MUSCL Scheme for Nonlinear Conservation Laws
Creators: name: Nishikawa, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is a rebuttal to the claim found in the literature that the MUSCL scheme cannot be third-order accurate for nonlinear conservation laws. We provide a rigorous proof for third-order accuracy of the MUSCL scheme based on a careful and detailed truncation error analysis. Throughout the analysis, the distinction between the cell average and the point value will be strictly made for the numerical solution as well as for the target operator. It is shown that the average of the solutions reconstructed at a face by Van Leer's kappa-scheme recovers a cubic solution exactly with kappa = 1/3, the same is true for the average of the nonlinear fluxes evaluated by the reconstructed solutions, and a dissipation term is already sufficiently small with a third-order truncation error. Finally, noting that the target spatial operator is a cell-averaged flux derivative, we prove that the leading truncation error of the MUSCL finite-volume scheme is third-order with kappa = 1/3. The importance of the diffusion scheme is also discussed: third-order accuracy will be lost when the third-order MUSLC scheme is used with a wrong fourth-order diffusion scheme for convection-diffusion problems. Third-order accuracy is verified by thorough numerical experiments for both steady and unsteady problems. This paper is intended to serve as a reference to clarify confusions about third-order accuracy of the MUSCL scheme, as a guide to correctly analyze and verify the MUSCL scheme for nonlinear equations, and eventually as the basis for clarifying third-order unstructured-grid schemes in a subsequent paper.
Pokot grip strength from Ageing and physical function in East African foragers and pastoralists
Creators: name: M. Katherine Sayre
name: Pontzer, Herman
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Wood, Brian M.
name: Pike, Ivy L.
name: Audax Z.P. Mabulla
name: Raichlen, David A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Effect of two participants on overall Pokot grip strength
146. Benford's law - and astrometry
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A curious property of many collections of numbers, including naturally occurring data, is that the leading digits are not uniformly distributed, but are skewed toward smaller values. As Benford's law, it has been considered in many contexts, including identifying suspicious accounting. I consider it here in the context of the Gaia DR2 parallaxes.
Can we Estimate Truck Accident Risk from Telemetric Data using Machine Learning?
Creators: name: Hébert, Antoine
name: Marineau, Ian
name: Gervais, Gilles
name: Glatard, Tristan
name: Jaumard, Brigitte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Road accidents have a high societal cost that could be reduced through improved risk predictions using machine learning. This study investigates whether telemetric data collected on long-distance trucks can be used to predict the risk of accidents associated with a driver. We use a dataset provided by a truck transportation company containing the driving data of 1,141 drivers for 18 months. We evaluate two different machine learning approaches to perform this task. In the first approach, features are extracted from the time series data using the FRESH algorithm and then used to estimate the risk using Random Forests. In the second approach, we use a convolutional neural network to directly estimate the risk from the time-series data. We find that neither approach is able to successfully estimate the risk of accidents on this dataset, in spite of many methodological attempts. We discuss the difficulties of using telemetric data for the estimation of the risk of accidents that could explain this negative result.
GAMs adjusted for body measurements from Ageing and physical function in East African foragers and pastoralists
Creators: name: M. Katherine Sayre
name: Pontzer, Herman
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Wood, Brian M.
name: Pike, Ivy L.
name: Audax Z.P. Mabulla
name: Raichlen, David A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Generalized Additive Models of the effects of age and sex on physical function measures, adjusted for height, weight and BMI.
muSR study of the Cu-spin dynamics in the electron-doped high-Tc cuprate of Pr0.86LaCe0.14Cu1-y(Zn,Ni)yO4
Creators: name: Risdiana
name: Adachi, T.
name: Koike, Y.
name: Watanabe, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of the Zn- and Ni-substitution on the Cu-spin dynamics in the electron-doped Pr0.86LaCe0.14Cu1-y(Zn,Ni)yO4+a-d with y = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and different values of the reduced oxygen content d have been studied using zero-field muon-spin-relaxation (muSR) measurements at temperatures down to 2 K. For the as-grown sample (d = 0, y = 0) and the sample with a very small d value (d < 0.01, y = 0), a muon-spin precession due to long-range antiferromagnetic order has been observed. On the other hand, no precession has been observed for moderately oxygen-reduced samples (0.01 < d < 0.09). It has been found that for all the samples of 0.01 < d < 0.09 the asymmetry A(t) (muSR time spectrum) in the long-time region increases with decreasing temperature at low temperatures, suggesting possible slowing-down of the Cu-spin fluctuations. On the other hand, no significant difference between Zn- and Ni-substitution effects on the slowing down of the Cu-spin fluctuations has been observed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceeding of 10th muSR conference 2005, to be published in Physica B
GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND ON-FARM WHEAT ALLOCATION IN RURAL CHINA
Creators: name: Buschena, David E.
name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Di, Hua
name: Buschena, David E.
name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Di, Hua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: China
subject: wheat
subject: grain storage
subject: procurement quotas
subject: household allocation decisions

description: Market-oriented policy reforms have potentially important effects on farm-level grain production and utilization decisions in developing countries. This paper provides an empirical evaluation of the potential effects of market liberalization in China on farm-level wheat consumption, market sales, and on-farm storage. The results indicate that price changes have economically important impacts on utilization decisions by farm families through both income and substitution effects and that off- farm income also appears to be significant. The potential to earn off-farm income is also shown to be an important factor in grain utilization decisions. Storage is affected by government procurement policies as well as by more traditional food and income security considerations. The results indicate that policy makers should account for such changes in farm household behavior in designing and assessing the consequence of market liberalization programs for agricultural sectors in developing countries.
k-strings and baryon vertices in SU(N) gauge theories
Creators: name: Gliozzi, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is pointed out that the sine law for the k-string tension emerges as the critical threshold below which the spatial Z_N symmetry of the static baryon potential is spontaneously broken. This result applies not only to SU(N) gauge theories, but to any gauge system with stable k-strings admitting a baryon vertex made with N sources in the fundamental representation. Some simple examples are worked out.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, v2: reference added, v3: comments and references added
Pétrossian, L.: Grégoire de Narek
Creators: name: Winkler, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 94 (2010): Oriens christianus, Band 94
Accelerating NUT black holes
Creators: name: Podolsky, Jiri
name: Vratny, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and analyze a class of exact spacetimes which describe accelerating black holes with a NUT parameter. First, we verify that the intricate metric found by Chng, Mann and Stelea in 2006 indeed solves Einstein's vacuum field equations of General Relativity. We explicitly calculate all components of the Weyl tensor and determine its algebraic structure. As it turns out, it is actually of algebraically general type I with four distinct principal null directions. It explains why this class of solutions has not been (and could not be) found within the large Plebanski-Demianski family of type D spacetimes. Then we transform the solution into a much more convenient metric form which explicitly depends on three physical parameters: mass, acceleration, and the NUT parameter. These parameters can independently be set to zero, recovering thus the well-known spacetimes in standard coordinates, namely the C-metric, the Taub-NUT metric, the Schwarzschild metric, and flat Minkowski space. Using this new metric, we investigate physical and geometrical properties of such accelerating NUT black holes. In particular, we localize and study four Killing horizons (two black-hole plus two acceleration) and investigate the curvature. Employing the scalar invariants we prove that there are no curvature singularities whenever the NUT parameter is nonzero. We identify asymptotically flat regions and relate them to conformal infinities. This leads to a complete understanding of the global structure. The boost-rotation metric form reveals that there is actually a pair of such black holes. They uniformly accelerate in opposite directions due to the action of rotating cosmic strings or struts located along the corresponding two axes. Rotation of these sources is directly related to the NUT parameter. In their vicinity there are pathological regions with closed timelike curves.
description: 37 pages, 6 figures
Effects of line-blocking on the non-LTE Fe I spectral line formation
Creators: name: Collet, Remo
name: Asplund, Martin
name: Thevenin, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of background line opacity (line-blocking) in statistical equilibrium calculations for Fe in late-type stellar atmospheres have been investigated using an extensive and up-to-date model atom with radiative data primarily from the IRON Project. The background metal line opacities have been computed using data from the MARCS stellar model atmospheres. While accounting for this line opacity is important at solar metallicity, the differences between calculations including and excluding line-blocking at low metallicity are insignificant for the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) abundance corrections for Fe I lines. The line-blocking has no impact on the non-LTE effects of Fe II lines. The dominant uncertainty in Fe non-LTE calculations for metal-poor stars is still the treatment of the inelastic H I collisions, which have here been included using scaling factors to the classical Drawin formalism, and whether or not thermalisation of the high Fe I levels to Fe II ground state should be enforced. Without such thermalisation, the Fe I non-LTE abundance corrections are substantial in metal-poor stars: about 0.3 dex with efficient (i.e. Drawin-like) H I collisions and about 0.5 dex without. Without both thermalisation and H I collisions, even Fe II lines show significant non-LTE effects in such stars.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 8 pages, 12 figures (here degraded)
Sensitivity to 3D orientation in textured surfaces
Creators: name: Liu, Geniva
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The present study investigated depicted 3D orientation in texture gradients as a potential feature to represent data attributes in scientific visualization applications. The task was to detect and/or localize texture elements that varied across two components of 3D orientation, theta (left-right orientation differences from y-axis) and phi (rotation about the y-axis). Experiment 1 determined observers' detection sensitivity to orientation-defined 3D targets, and revealed that detection performance for 3D targets was based on depicted 3D orientation rather than 2D image orientation. In Experiment 2, the detection task was followed by a localization via direct action (pointing to an onscreen location) or indirect action (making a spatially mapped keypress). Results showed that if targets were correctly detected, they were also localized to the visual field quadrant, with accuracy generally being higher for direct action responses. Additionally, observers showed an ability to localize targets that they failed to detect. Experiment 3 demonstrated that, compared to performance of the component tasks alone, detection and direct localization did not suffer in a dual-task context, but indirect localization did. These results support a dual visual systems theory that postulates separate processing streams that specialize in processing visual information for action or perception. Results also have practical implications for how 3D orientation can be used in visualization applications.
Comparing dominant and non-dominant from Ageing and physical function in East African foragers and pastoralists
Creators: name: M. Katherine Sayre
name: Pontzer, Herman
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Wood, Brian M.
name: Pike, Ivy L.
name: Audax Z.P. Mabulla
name: Raichlen, David A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Comparison of physical activity outputs for accelerometers worn on the dominant versus non-dominant wrist.
PERFECT SUBSTITUTES: A NOTE ON THE ALCHIAN-ALLEN HYPOTHESIS
Creators: name: Vedrashko, Alexander
name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Vedrashko, Alexander
name: Smith, Vincent H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: transport costs
subject: patterns of trade
subject: product quality

description: Alchian and Allen hypothesized that a country will export high rather than low quality goods. Here we show that if the inherent attributes of the commodities are identical the country will only export the high-quality good.
Le «copie-opere d’arte» di Antonio Guardi
Creators: name: Bombardini, Chiara
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

This article examines the copy of Paris Bordon’s Consegna dell’anello al doge painted by Antonio Guardi for the nobleman Pietro Gradenigo (1695-1776). The painting will be compared with other copies made by Guardi for Giovanni Paolo and Giovanni Benedetto Giovanelli, for Marshall Schulenburg and the Savorgnan family, in order to emphasise Guardi’s ability to translate masterpieces of other artists into his own language. It will also be highlighted how perfectly the Consegna dell’anello al doge fits into the collection of Gradenigo, who gathered in his palace paintings, sculptures and antiquities that documented the history of Venice and his family. This article looks into the possible contacts of Pietro Gradenigo with Antonio Guardi, starting from a newfound study of documents and the relationships of the nobleman with other scholars and Guardi’s patrons.

description: Venezia Arti
Solving the Order Batching and Sequencing Problem using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Cals, Bram
name: Zhang, Yingqian
name: Dijkman, Remco
name: van Dorst, Claudy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In e-commerce markets, on time delivery is of great importance to customer satisfaction. In this paper, we present a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) approach for deciding how and when orders should be batched and picked in a warehouse to minimize the number of tardy orders. In particular, the technique facilitates making decisions on whether an order should be picked individually (pick-by-order) or picked in a batch with other orders (pick-by-batch), and if so with which other orders. We approach the problem by formulating it as a semi-Markov decision process and develop a vector-based state representation that includes the characteristics of the warehouse system. This allows us to create a deep reinforcement learning solution that learns a strategy by interacting with the environment and solve the problem with a proximal policy optimization algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the proposed DRL approach by comparing it with several batching and sequencing heuristics in different problem settings. The results show that the DRL approach is able to develop a strategy that produces consistent, good solutions and performs better than the proposed heuristics.
description: Preprint
Generalized Linear Models from Ageing and physical function in East African foragers and pastoralists
Creators: name: M. Katherine Sayre
name: Pontzer, Herman
name: Alexander, Gene E.
name: Wood, Brian M.
name: Pike, Ivy L.
name: Audax Z.P. Mabulla
name: Raichlen, David A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Generalized Linear Models for physical function measures where GAM edf=1
Support Material: Unsupervised Interpretable Representation Learningfor Singing Voice Separation
Creators: name: Mimilakis, Stylianos Ioannis
name: Drossos, Konstantinos
name: Schuller, Gerald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Unsupervised Learning
Representation Learning
Differential Digital Signal Processing
Music Signal Processing

description: Support material for the manuscript entitled: "Unsupervised Interpretable Representation Learning for Singing Voice Separation". It contains binary files of the optimized and best performing models described in the corresponding manuscript.

 The attached file is to be used alongside the provided source code: https://github.com/Js-Mim/rl_singing_voice .
title: Evaluative methods used in higher education and needs of teachers from Erasmus+ courses
title: Desk study report
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dr. De Kool
name: Van Leeuwen
Publisher: name: AsCOLA
Year: 2023
Subjects: Quality Mobility
Internationalisation
Higher Education
Student Mobility
Student Evaluation

description: The study sheds light on the significance of student evaluation (and specifically from exchange students) in shaping the Erasmus+ journey.  Furthermore, the report investigates the needs and expectations of teachers of Erasmus+ students from an evaluation method.

This desk study report is one of the deliverables of AsCOLA, a Erasmus+ Key Action 2 project. AsCOLA is an acronym which stands for “Assessing Courses of the Online Learning Agreement”. The project aims to enhance and digitalize the quality framework of Erasmus+ student mobility and contribute to closing the data gap in the quality aspect of higher education transformation.
Disorder induced local density of states oscillations on narrow Ag(111) terraces
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Karina
name: Rieder, Karl-Heinz
name: Fiete, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local density of states of Ag(111) has been probed in detail on disordered terraces of varying width by dI/dV-mapping with a scanning tunneling microscope at low temperatures. Apparent shifts of the bottom of the surface-state band edge from terrace induced confinement are observed. Disordered terraces show interesting contrast reversals in the dI/dV maps as a function of tip-sample voltage polarity with details that depend on the average width of the terrace and the particular edge profile. In contrast to perfect terraces with straight edges, standing wave patterns are observed parallel to the step edges, i.e. in the non-confined direction. Scattering calculations based on the Ag(111) surface states reproduce these spatial oscillations and all the qualitative features of the standing wave patterns, including the polarity-dependent contrast reversals.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Sound velocity and multibranch Bogoliubov spectrum of an elongated Fermi superfluid in the BEC-BCS crossover
Creators: name: Ghosh, Tarun Kanti
name: Machida, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of excited states of an elongated Fermi superfluid along the BEC-BCS crossover including the unitarity limit. Analytic expressions for the sound velocity in an inhomogeneous as well as homogeneous Fermi superfluid along the crossover are obtained on the basis of the hydrodynamic theory. The complete excitation spectrum of axial quasiparticles with various discrete radial nodes are presented. We discuss the feasibility of measuring the sound velocity and the multibranch Bogoliubov spectrum experimentally.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, added references and new result in section IV. To appear in Physical Review A
Next Generation Multi-particle event generators for the MSSM
Creators: name: Reuter, J.
name: Hagiwara, K.
name: Kilian, W.
name: Krauss, F.
name: Ohl, T.
name: Plehn, T.
name: Rainwater, D.
name: Schumann, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a next generation of multi-particle Monte Carlo (MC) Event generators for LHC and ILC for the MSSM, namely the three program packages Madgraph/MadEvent, WHiZard/O'Mega and Sherpa/Amegic++. The interesting but difficult phenomenology of supersymmetric models at the upcoming colliders demands a corresponding complexity and maturity from simulation tools. This includes multi-particle final states, reducible and irreducible backgrounds, spin correlations, real emission of photons and gluons, etc., which are incorporated in the programs presented here. The framework of a model with such a huge particle content and as complicated as the MSSM makes strenuous tests and comparison of codes inevitable. Various tests show agreement among the three different programs; the tables of cross sections produced in these tests may serve as a future reference for other codes. Furthermore, first MSSM physics analyses performed with these programs are presented here.
description: 3 pages, talk given by J. Reuter at the Snowmass ALCPG workshop, August 14-27, 2005, ALCPG0323; v2: updated references
Growing Demand for Animal-Protein-Source Products in Indonesia: Trade Implications
Creators: name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: demand
subject: household consumption
subject: trade

description: New elasticities were estimated from Indonesia's 1996, 1999, and 2002 National Socio-Economic Survey, or SUSENAS, data using a double-hurdle demand specification. The estimates suggest that major changes in Indonesian household diets are expected in the coming years, as income growth is sustained and as urbanization proceeds at a fast pace. The consumption "trading-up" pattern for animal-protein source products observed in many countries may also occur in Indonesia. In this particular case, households will shift from fish to dairy and meat products. The trade impacts of this emerging consumption pattern will be determined by the cost of adjustment in Indonesia's domestic productive capacity and the influence of the country's predominantly Islamic tradition.
Visual Chirality
Creators: name: Lin, Zhiqiu
name: Sun, Jin
name: Davis, Abe
name: Snavely, Noah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4

description: How can we tell whether an image has been mirrored? While we understand the geometry of mirror reflections very well, less has been said about how it affects distributions of imagery at scale, despite widespread use for data augmentation in computer vision. In this paper, we investigate how the statistics of visual data are changed by reflection. We refer to these changes as "visual chirality", after the concept of geometric chirality - the notion of objects that are distinct from their mirror image. Our analysis of visual chirality reveals surprising results, including low-level chiral signals pervading imagery stemming from image processing in cameras, to the ability to discover visual chirality in images of people and faces. Our work has implications for data augmentation, self-supervised learning, and image forensics.
description: Published at CVPR 2020, Best Paper Nomination, Oral Presentation. Project Page: https://linzhiqiu.github.io/papers/chirality/
Local photodoping in monolayer MoS2
Creators: name: Gadelha, Andreij C.
name: Cadore, Alisson R.
name: Lafeta, Lucas
name: de Paula, Ana M.
name: Malard, Leandro M.
name: Lacerda, Rodrigo G.
name: Campos, Leonardo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inducing electrostatic doping in 2D materials by laser exposure (photodoping effect) is an exciting route to tune optoelectronic phenomena. However, there is a lack of investigation concerning in what respect the action of photodoping in optoelectronic devices is local. Here, we employ scanning photocurrent microscopy (SPCM) techniques to investigate how a permanent photodoping modulates the photocurrent generation in MoS2 transistors locally. We claim that the photodoping fills the electronic states in MoS2 conduction band, preventing the photon-absorption and the photocurrent generation by the MoS2 sheet. Moreover, by comparing the persistent photocurrent (PPC) generation of MoS2 on top of different substrates, we elucidate that the interface between the material used for the gate and the insulator (gate-insulator interface) is essential for the photodoping generation. Our work gives a step forward to the understanding of the photodoping effect in MoS2 transistors and the implementation of such an effect in integrated devices.
Recreated Subjects, Reconstructed Copies: Considerations on the Photographic Process
Creators: name: Petri, Grischka
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

This article considers the dichotomy of originals and copies in the specific context of photographs of objects that recreate an existing work of art or a documentary photograph. The examples span the period from the mid-nineteenth century to contemporary photographic practices. The traditional legal regulation of such copies is unsatisfactory compared with more recent theoretical approaches, as those proposed here. These approaches encompass the two modes of photographic copies after recreated realities: they simultaneously preserve identities and create original alterations.

description: Venezia Arti
Fake or Fortune? Alexander Dorner and the Weimar Reproductions Debate
Creators: name: Balbi, Camilla
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

Between 1929 and 1930 the Der Kreis journal hosted a debate among art historians and museum directors on how art copies were changing the museum landscape. The so-called Hamburger Faksimile-Streit constitutes a crucial moment in the Weimarian theoretical debate on the categories of copy and original, culminating a few years later in Benjamin’s well-known essay on the work of art. After examining the theses of the main participants in the debate, this article focus on the position of curator and museum director Alexander Dorner – the only one advocating for the non-superiority of originals over copies in art museums – and on his relationship with Walter Benjamin’s later theories.

description: Venezia Arti
Remarks on cosmological bulk viscosity in different epochs
Creators: name: Brevik, Iver
name: Normann, Ben David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intention of this paper is mainly two-fold. \textit{First}, we point out a striking numerical agreement between the bulk viscosity in the lepton era calculated by Husdal (2016) and our own calculations of the present-day bulk viscosity when the functional form is $ζ\,\sim\sqrtρ$. From a phenomenological point of view, we thus seem to have an ansatz for the viscosity which bridges the infancy of the Universe ($\sim 1$ s) with the present. This can also be looked upon as a kind of symmetry between the early-time cosmology and the present-day cosmology: it is quite remarkable that the kinetic theory-based bulk viscosity in the early universe and the experimentally-based bulk viscosity in the present universe can be covered by the same simple analytical formula. \textit{Second}, we consider the Kasner universe as a typical anisotropic model of Bianchi-type I, investigating whether this geometrical model is compatible with constant viscosity coefficients in the fluid. Perhaps surprisingly, the existence of a shear viscosity turns out to be incompatible with the Kasner model. By contrast, a bulk viscosity is non-problematic in the {\it isotropic} version of the model. In the special case of a Zel'dovich (stiff) fluid, the three equal exponents in the Kasner metric are even determined by the bulk viscosity alone, independent of the value of the fluid energy density. We also give a brief comparison with some other recent approaches to viscous cosmology.
description: (To appear in Symmetry), 17 pages
Metastable Congested States in Multisegment Traffic Cellular Automaton
Creators: name: Nishimura, Yutaka
name: Cheon, Taksu
name: Seba, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a simple multisegment cellular automaton model of traffic flow. With the introduction of segment-dependent deceleration probability, metastable congested states in the intermediate density region emerge, and the initial state dependence of the flow is observed. The essential feature of three-phased structure empirically found in real-world traffic flow is reproduced without elaborate assumptions.
description: ReVTeX 5 Pages 8 Eps Figs
Empirical Analysis of Price Setting and Quantity Surcharges in the German Food Sector
Creators: name: Schmitz, Silke
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Schmitz, Silke
name: Abdulai, Awudu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This study examined the incidence and determinants of quantity price discounts and quantity price surcharges in the German food sector through a bivariate probit, using recent consumer scanner survey data. Selectivity bias was corrected for in estimating the degree of quantity price surcharge and quantity price discount, using Heckman's procedure. The findings reveal that almost 10% of the investigated products attract higher unit prices for larger package sizes, although the extent of price surcharges varied among product categories. The number of package sizes, the average package size, packaging form, storage form, as well as the price image of a product, were found to be significantly related to the probability and degree of quantity price surcharges and quantity price discounts.
Regresso ao trabalho? Participação dos trabalhadores na prevenção da COVID-19 nos locais de trabalho
Creators: name: Caldas, J.C.; Lamelas, Filipe; Estêvâo, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19, segurança sanitária no trabalho, participação dos trabalhadores; health safety at work, workers participation

description: Resumo: Durante os períodos de confinamento, muitos portugueses e portuguesas continuaram a deslocar-se para os seus locais de trabalho. Uma larga parte desses trabalhadores encontravam-se a assegurar serviços essenciais, como os cuidados de saúde em unidades hospitalares e centros de saúde, o abastecimento de bens e serviços fundamentais, o saneamento, o policiamento ou os transportes. Todos estes trabalhadores estiveram expostos a um risco acrescido de contaminação. Outros exerceram a sua atividade em regime de teletrabalho porque as suas tarefas não exigiam a presença física no espaço das empresas ou trabalharam presencialmente apenas alguns dos dias do período de confinamento. Outros ainda, por terem sido eles próprios contaminados ou pertencerem a grupos de risco, estiveram ausentes, confinados aos seus domicílios ou internados em unidades hospitalares. Dada a ênfase colocada no confinamento das pessoas às suas casas e na restrição à sua circulação enquanto forma de contrariar a propagação da COVID-19, as questões da segurança sanitária no trabalho e da desigualdade na exposição ao risco de contágio acabaram por ser relegadas para segundo plano. Mas agora que o regresso ao trabalho está na ordem do dia, é o momento de as discutir. Abstract: During lockdown periods many Portuguese workers kept commuting to their work places. A large part of those workers had to insure the provision of vital services and goods, as health care, food, sanitation, policing or transportation. They were exposed to an increased risk of contagion. Other have worked from home since their tasks did not require physical presence in the workspace or have commuted to their work place only a few days a week. Others still, either because they have been infected or belong to groups at risk, have been temporarily absent, locked down in their homes or in health care units. Given the emphasis attributed to lockdowns and mobility restrictions as means to counter the pandemic, questions of health safety at work and inequality in respect to exposure have been relegated to the background in public debate and policy. As worker’s return to their work spaces the moment has come to discuss health safety at work and workers participation in the design and enforcement of health safety regulation at the firm level.