cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chondrule Accretion with a Growing Protoplanet
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Yuji
name: Oshino, Shoichi
name: Hasegawa, Yasuhiro
name: Wakita, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chondrules are primitive materials in the Solar System. They are formed in the first about 3 Myr of the Solar System's history. This timescale is longer than that of Mars formation, and it is conceivable that protoplanets, planetesimals and chondrules might have existed simultaneously in the solar nebula. Due to protoplanets perturbation on the planetesimal dynamics and chondrule accretion on them, all the formed chondrules are unlikely to be accreted by planetesimals. We investigate the amount of chondrules accreted by planetesimals in such a condition. We assume that a protoplanet is in oligarchic growth, and we perform analytical calculations of chondrule accretion both by a protoplanet and by planetesimals. Through the oligarchic growth stage, planetesimals accrete about half of the formed chondrules. The smallest planetesimals get the largest amount of the chondrules, compared with the amount accreted by more massive planetesimals. We perform a parameter study and find that this fraction is not largely changed for a wide range of parameter sets.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Enhanced spin-orbit torques in MnAl/Ta films with improving chemical ordering
Creators: name: Meng, K. K.
name: Miao, J.
name: Xu, X. G.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Zhao, X. P.
name: Zhao, J. H.
name: Jiang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the enhancement of spin-orbit torques in MnAl/Ta films with improving chemical ordering through annealing. The switching current density is increased due to enhanced saturation magnetization MS and effective anisotropy field HK after annealing. Both damplinglike effective field HD and fieldlike effective field HF have been increased in the temperature range of 50 to 300 K. HD varies inversely with MS in both of the films, while the HF becomes liner dependent on 1/MS in the annealed film. We infer that the improved chemical ordering has enhanced the interfacial spin transparency and the transmitting of the spin current in MnAl layer.
Idle Period Propagation in Message-Passing Applications
Creators: name: Peng, Ivy Bo
name: Markidis, Stefano
name: Laure, Erwin
name: Kestor, Gokcen
name: Gioiosa, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Idle periods on different processes of Message Passing applications are unavoidable. While the origin of idle periods on a single process is well understood as the effect of system and architectural random delays, yet it is unclear how these idle periods propagate from one process to another. It is important to understand idle period propagation in Message Passing applications as it allows application developers to design communication patterns avoiding idle period propagation and the consequent performance degradation in their applications. To understand idle period propagation, we introduce a methodology to trace idle periods when a process is waiting for data from a remote delayed process in MPI applications. We apply this technique in an MPI application that solves the heat equation to study idle period propagation on three different systems. We confirm that idle periods move between processes in the form of waves and that there are different stages in idle period propagation. Our methodology enables us to identify a self-synchronization phenomenon that occurs on two systems where some processes run slower than the other processes.
description: 18th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, IEEE, 2016
Using inducible signaling receptors for in vivo fate determination of hematopoietic stem cells to erythroid-specific lineages
Creators: name: Majeti, Kiran
name: Porteus, Matthew
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Synthetic biology
subject: CRISPR-associated protein 9
subject: Cell and Gene Therapy
subject: HSPC
subject: Hematopoiesis
subject: Cell receptors

description: Over 7,000 disease-causing mutations have been identified to date, with this number increasing as more are identified. Cell and gene therapies (CGTs) represent a promising therapeutic avenue for generating definitive cures for a myriad of genetic and congenital disorders. However, CGTs are classically limited by editing and delivering efficiencies. This is especially true within the context of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) gene therapy, where the degree of phenotypic effect is directly related to the degree of differentiation into disease-relevant lineages and the quantitative ability of the engineered cell and its progeny to engraft.
This study presents a set of first-in-class chimeric, synthetic receptors that support HSPC output down towards the erythroid lineage via a non-immunogenic, non-toxic small molecule.
Through functional assays and quantifying edited allele frequency changes during differentiation, this study has demonstrated these synthetic receptors— termed “erythroid cell drives”— that mimic the native erythropoietin/erythropoietin receptor signaling cascade with high fidelity and sensitivity. Additionally, these erythroid cell drives are demonstrated to be erythropoietin independent, dose responsive, and tunable via expression from different loci and promoters.
In sum, erythroid cell drives represent a powerful new tool for clinicians with which to alter the cellular dynamics of CGTs post transplantation and boost the production of clinically relevant red blood cells. The work demonstrated in this study has the potential to dramatically improve the efficacies of existing CGTs as well as offer a new tool by which to better understand stem cell biology.
Cambridge Centre for Business Research Computer Survey Dataset, 1990-1995
Creators: name: Athreye, S.
name: Keeble, D.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2002

description: The computer industry, which includes the production of hardware, software and services, is one of the UK's most important 'high-technology' industries, employing 220,000 workers in 1995. Yet during the 1990s, UK computer firms have been facing intense competitive pressures and rapidly changing technology and market demand. Within this context, this project investigated the impact of changing technology, market demand and globalisation of production upon business organisation, performance and location in this important industry. The research covered both computer hardware manufacturing, which is dominated by foreign direct investment and large companies, and computer software and services, both of which have experienced a considerable growth of smaller indigenous UK companies.
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: Recent Results and Future Plans of Auger
Creators: name: Kampert, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last decade a number of important observational results have been reported using data from the Pierre Auger Observatory. We shall review some of the recent key findings that have significantly advanced our understanding of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and that have called into question the `classical' interpretation of the flux-suppression above 5x10^{19} eV as being caused (solely) by the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin effect. Instead, the data suggest seeing mostly the maximum energy of extragalactic cosmic ray accelerators. This has a number of implications, ranging from reduced prospects of doing particle physics with cosmogenic neutrinos to reduced chances of seeing the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays at all. To address these emerging and pressing scientific questions, the Pierre Auger Observatory is presently being upgraded to AugerPrime. It will enable composition measurements into the flux-suppression region and also improve the particle physics capabilities. An Engineering Array has been deployed and is taking data. Full construction will start late 2017.
description: 11 pages, 12 figues, Proceedings to the Carpathian Summer School Of Physics 2016, to appear in AIP-Proceedings
Mental Health of Chinese Women in Britain, 1945-2000
Creators: name: Eldridge, K.
name: Green, G.
name: Bradby, H.
name: Lee, M.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2002

description: The aim of this exploratory study of the mental health of Chinese women in Britain was to identify issues of cultural difference between the Chinese community and the health system in contemporary Britain, which may have resulted in an under-estimation of their mental health problems.
 Statistics showed that as a group the Chinese used hospital and GP services less than other ethnic groups, possibly because they were all extremely healthy or that the existing services were failing them. Some circumstances of Chinese women's migration, employment and family lives were very similar to those of South Asian (Indian and Pakistani) women, whose unhappiness might have been under-estimated when they have been assessed using the standard medical approach.
 The specific objectives of this study were to examine competing explanations for Chinese women's under-representation as users of primary and secondary health services with particular reference to mental health; to consider the possible barriers to the use of western mental health services, including cultural specificities in the expression of mental distress, stigma, the use of traditional Chinese medicine and of informal support networks; to assist the development of culturally appropriate measures of mental health; to feed back the findings so as to influence the delivery of mental health services and to inform relevant academic debates.
Coherent control via weak measurements in $^{31}$P single-atom electron and nuclear spin qubits
Creators: name: Muhonen, J. T.
name: Dehollain, J. P.
name: Laucht, A.
name: Simmons, S.
name: Kalra, R.
name: Hudson, F. E.
name: Jamieson, D. N.
name: McCallum, J. C.
name: Itoh, K. M.
name: Dzurak, A. S.
name: Morello, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of weak measurements and interaction-free measurements has greatly expanded the conceptual and experimental toolbox to explore the quantum world. Here we demonstrate single-shot variable-strength weak measurements of the electron and the nuclear spin states of a single $^{31}$P donor in silicon. We first show how the partial collapse of the nuclear spin due to measurement can be used to coherently rotate the spin to a desired pure state. We explicitly demonstrate that phase coherence is preserved throughout multiple sequential single-shot weak measurements, and that the partial state collapse can be reversed. Second, we use the relation between measurement strength and perturbation of the nuclear state as a physical meter to extract the tunneling rates between the $^{31}$P donor and a nearby electron reservoir from data, conditioned on observing no tunneling events. Our experiments open avenues to measurement-based state preparation, steering and feedback protocols for spin systems in the solid state, and highlight the fundamental connection between information gain and state modification in quantum mechanics.
description: 6 pages main text + 3 pages supplementary
Evolution of the Kondo lattice electronic structure above the transport coherence temperature
Creators: name: Jang, Sooyoung
name: Denlinger, J. D.
name: Allen, J. W.
name: Zapf, V. S.
name: Maple, M. B.
name: Kim, Jae Nyeong
name: Jang, Bo Gyu
name: Shim, Ji Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature-dependent evolution of the Kondo lattice is a long-standing topic of theoretical and experimental investigation and yet it lacks a truly microscopic description of the relation of the basic $f$-$d$ hybridization processes to the fundamental temperature scales of Kondo screening and Fermi-liquid lattice coherence. Here, the temperature-dependence of $f$-$d$ hybridized band dispersions and Fermi-energy $f$ spectral weight in the Kondo lattice system CeCoIn$_5$ is investigated using $f$-resonant angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) with sufficient detail to allow direct comparison to first principles dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) calculations containing full realism of crystalline electric field states. The ARPES results, for two orthogonal (001) and (100) cleaved surfaces and three different $f$-$d$ hybridization scenarios, with additional microscopic insight provided by DMFT, reveal $f$ participation in the Fermi surface at temperatures much higher than the lattice coherence temperature, $T^*\approx$ 45 K, commonly believed to be the onset for such behavior. The identification of a $T$-dependent crystalline electric field degeneracy crossover in the DMFT theory $below$ $T^*$ is specifically highlighted.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures plus supplement 11 pages, 10 figures
Consumption, Lifestyle and Identity: Reading the New Men's Lifestyle Magazines, 1985-1997
Creators: name: Stevenson, N.
name: Brooks, K.
name: Jackson, P.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: This data collection comprises the interview material for the study 'Consumption, lifestyle and identity: reading the new men's lifestyle magazines', and includes focus group and individual interview transcripts. The study aimed to explore the new generation of men's lifestyle magazines, which emerged since the mid-1980s (including titles such as Loaded, FHM, GQ, Arena). The researchers sought to examine specific forms of masculinity as they varied by place, class, ethnicity and generation, and also to assess the extent to which variations in the magazines' content and the way they are read by different groups of men can be explained according to competing sociological theories of masculinity and the media. In addition to 20 focus group interviews with various groups of men and some women, five individual interviews with editors of representative magazines were also conducted.
Nonperturbative SU(3) thermodynamics and the phase transition
Creators: name: Agasian, N. O.
name: Lukashov, M. S.
name: Simonov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $SU(3)$ equation of state ($P(T),\,s(T),\,I(T)$) are calculated within the Field Correlator Method both in the confined and the deconfined phases. The basic dynamics in our approach is contained in the vacuum correlators, both of the colorelectric (CE) and colormagnetic (CM) types, which ensure CE and CM confinement below $T_c$ and CM confinement and Polyakov loops above $T_c$. The resulting values of $T_c$ and $P(T),\,I(T)$, $s(T)$ are in good agreement with lattice measurements.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
On the topology of hypocycloids
Creators: name: Bartolo, E. Artal
name: Cogolludo-Agustín, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H30, 14H50, 20F36, 57M05

description: Algebraic geometry has many connections with physics: string theory, enumerative geometry, and mirror symmetry, among others. In particular, within the topological study of algebraic varieties physicists focus on aspects involving symmetry and non-commutativity. In this paper, we study a family of classical algebraic curves, the hypocycloids, which have links to physics via the bifurcation theory. The topology of some of these curves plays an important role in string theory and also appears in Zariski's foundational. We compute the fundamental groups of some of these curves and show that they are in fact Artin groups.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, In Mathematical physics and field theory. Julio Abad, in memoriam, eds. M. Asorey Carballeira, J.V. Garc\'ia Esteve, Manuel F. Ra\~nada, J. Sesma, ISBN 978-84-92774-04-3; pages 83-98. Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 2009
Polarization of broad line emission from AGNs with determined virial factors
Creators: name: Piotrovich, M. Yu.
name: Gnedin, Yu. N.
name: Natsvlishvili, T. M.
name: Buliga, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the polarization degree of hydrogen Balmer broad emission lines from a number of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with determined virial factors. The objects were selected from the sample presented by Decarli et al.(2008). In our calculations, we used the model of the flattened disc-like structure of the broad-line emission region (BLR). In this model, the expression for the virial factor makes it possible to determine the inclination angle for the flattened BLR, which in turn yields the polarization degree of the broad emission lines. As a result, we obtained the direct relation between the polarization degree and the virial factor. We also compared the determined values of the polarization degree with those obtained in polarimetric observations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Genus Two Partition Functions and Renyi Entropies of Large c CFTs
Creators: name: Belin, Alexandre
name: Keller, Christoph A.
name: Zadeh, Ida G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute genus two partition functions in two dimensional conformal field theories at large central charge, focusing on surfaces that give the third Renyi entropy of two intervals. We compute this for generalized free theories and for symmetric orbifolds, and compare it to the result in pure gravity. We find a new phase transition if the theory contains a light operator of dimension $Δ\leq0.19$. This means in particular that unlike the second Renyi entropy, the third one is no longer universal.
description: 28 pages + Appendices
State-dependent Priority Scheduling for Networked Control Systems
Creators: name: Carabelli, Ben W.
name: Blind, Rainer
name: Dürr, Frank
name: Rothermel, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; C.2.4; G.1.6

description: Networked control systems (NCS) have attracted considerable attention in recent years. While the stabilizability and optimal control of NCS for a given communication system has already been studied extensively, the design of the communication system for NCS has recently seen an increase in more thorough investigation. In this paper, we address an optimal scheduling problem for a set of NCS sharing a dedicated communication channel, providing performance bounds and asymptotic stability. We derive a suboptimal scheduling policy with dynamic state-based priorities calculated at the sensors, which are then used for stateless priority queuing in the network, making it both scalable and efficient to implement on routers or multi-layer switches. These properties are beneficial towards leveraging existing IP networks for control, which will be a crucial factor for the proliferation of wide-area NCS applications. By allowing for an arbitrary number of concurrent transmissions, we are able to investigate the relationship between available bandwidth, transmission rate, and delay. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we provide a proof-of-concept implementation of the priority scheduler using real networking hardware.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication at 2017 American Control Conference (ACC)
Four-loop photon quark form factor and cusp anomalous dimension in the large-$N_c$ limit of QCD
Creators: name: Henn, Johannes
name: Lee, Roman N.
name: Smirnov, Alexander V.
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the four-loop QCD corrections to the massless quark-anti-quark-photon form factor $F_q$ in the large-$N_c$ limit. From the pole part we extract analytic expressions for the corresponding cusp and collinear anomalous dimensions.
description: 12 pages; v2: author added, note added, references added, minor modifications
Chemical Enhancements in Shock-accelerated Particles: Ab-initio Simulations
Creators: name: Caprioli, Damiano
name: Yi, Dennis T.
name: Spitkovsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermalization, injection, and acceleration of ions with different mass/charge ratios, $A/Z$, in non-relativistic collisionless shocks via hybrid (kinetic ions-fluid electrons) simulations. In general, ions thermalize to a post-shock temperature proportional to $A$. When diffusive shock acceleration is efficient, ions develop a non-thermal tail whose extent scales with $Z$ and whose normalization is enhanced as $(A/Z)^2$, so that incompletely-ionized heavy ions are preferentially accelerated. We discuss how these findings can explain observed heavy-ion enhancements in Galactic cosmic rays.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
Transport efficiency of metachronal waves in 3d cilia arrays immersed in a two-phase flow
Creators: name: Chateau, Sylvain
name: Favier, Julien
name: 'Ortona, Umberto D
name: Poncet, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work reports the formation and the characterization of antipleptic and symplectic metachronal waves in 3D cilia arrays immersed in a two-fluid environment, with a viscosity ratio of 20. A coupled lattice-Boltzmann-Immersed-Boundary solver is used. The periciliary layer is confined between the epithelial surface and the mucus. Its thickness is chosen such that the tips of the cilia can penetrate the mucus. A purely hydrodynamical feedback of the fluid is taken into account and a coupling parameter $α$ is introduced allowing the tuning of both the direction of the wave propagation, and the strength of the fluid feedback. A comparative study of both antipleptic and symplectic waves, mapping a cilia inter-spacing ranging from 1.67 up to 5 cilia length, is performed by imposing the metachrony. Antipleptic waves are found to systematically outperform sympletic waves. They are shown to be more efficient for transporting and mixing the fluids, while spending less energy than symplectic, random, or synchronized motions.
Surface Ocean Enstrophy, Kinetic Energy Fluxes and Spectra from Satellite Altimetry
Creators: name: Khatri, Hemant
name: Sukhatme, Jai
name: Kumar, Abhishek
name: Verma, Mahendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enstrophy, kinetic energy (KE) fluxes and spectra are estimated in different parts of the mid-latitudinal oceans via altimetry data. To begin with, using geostrophic currents derived from sea-surface height anomaly data provided by AVISO, we confirm the presence of a strong inverse flux of surface KE at scales larger than approximately 250 km. We then compute enstrophy fluxes to help develop a clearer picture of the underlying dynamics at smaller scales, i.e., 250 km to 100 km. Here, we observe a robust enstrophy cascading regime, wherein the enstrophy shows a large forward flux and the KE spectra follow an approximate $k^{-3.5}$ power-law. Given the rotational character of the flow, not only is this large scale inverse KE and smaller scale forward enstrophy transfer scenario consistent with expectations from idealized studies of three-dimensional rapidly-rotating and strongly-stratified turbulence, it also agrees with detailed analyses of spectra and fluxes in the upper level midlatitude troposphere. Decomposing the currents into components with greater and less than 100 day variability (referred to as seasonal and eddy, respectively), we find that, in addition to the eddy-eddy contribution, the seasonal-eddy and seasonal-seasonal fluxes play a significant role in the inverse (forward) flux of KE (enstrophy) at scales larger (smaller) than about 250 km. Taken together, we suspect, it is quite possible that, from about 250 km to 100 km, the altimeter is capturing the relatively steep portion of a surface oceanic counterpart of the upper tropospheric Nastrom-Gage spectrum.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Constraining the mass of accreting black holes in ultraluminous X-ray sources with ultrafast outflows
Creators: name: Fiacconi, Davide
name: Pinto, Ciro
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) -- off-nuclear extra-galactic sources with luminosity, assumed isotropic, $\gtrsim 10^{39}$ erg s$^{-1}$ -- is still debated. One possibility is that ULXs are stellar black holes accreting beyond the Eddington limit. This view has been recently reinforced by the discovery of ultrafast outflows at $\sim 0.1$-$0.2c$ in the high resolution spectra of a handful of ULXs, as predicted by models of supercritical accretion discs. Under the assumption that ULXs are powered by super-Eddington accretion onto black holes, we use the properties of the observed outflows to self-consistently constrain their masses and accretion rates. We find masses $\lesssim 100$ M$_{\odot}$ and typical accretion rates $\sim 10^{-5}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, i.e. $\approx 10$ times larger than the Eddington limit calculated with a radiative efficiency of 0.1. However, the emitted luminosity is only $\approx 10\%$ beyond the Eddington luminosity, because most of the energy released in the inner part of the accretion disc is used to accelerate the wind, which implies radiative efficiency $\sim 0.01$. Our results are consistent with a formation model where ULXs are black hole remnants of massive stars evolved in low-metallicity environments.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
A Simple Semantics for Haskell Overloading
Creators: name: Morris, J. Garrett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.1; F.3.2

description: As originally proposed, type classes provide overloading and ad-hoc definition, but can still be understood (and implemented) in terms of strictly parametric calculi. This is not true of subsequent extensions of type classes. Functional dependencies and equality constraints allow the satisfiability of predicates to refine typing; this means that the interpretations of equivalent qualified types may not be interconvertible. Overlapping instances and instance chains allow predicates to be satisfied without determining the implementations of their associated class methods, introducing truly non-parametric behavior. We propose a new approach to the semantics of type classes, interpreting polymorphic expressions by the behavior of each of their ground instances, but without requiring that those behaviors be parametrically determined. We argue that this approach both matches the intuitive meanings of qualified types and accurately models the behavior of programs
description: Originally presented at Haskell 2014
Great Britain Historical Database : Economic Distress and Labour Markets Data : Poor Law Statistics, 1859-1919
Great Britain Historical Database, 1801-1992
Creators: name: Southall, H. R.
name: Gilbert, D. R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2020

description:
The Great Britain Historical Database has been assembled as part of the ongoing Great Britain Historical GIS Project. The project aims to trace the emergence of the north-south divide in Britain and to provide a synoptic view of the human geography of Britain at sub-county scales. Further information about the project is available on A Vision of Britain webpages, where users can browse the database's documentation system online.
WIMPs with GUTs: Dark Matter Coannihilation with a Lighter Species
Creators: name: Berlin, Asher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new thermal freeze-out mechanism for ultra-heavy dark matter. Dark matter coannihilates with a lighter unstable species, leading to an annihilation rate that is exponentially enhanced relative to standard WIMPs. This scenario destabilizes any potential dark matter candidate. In order to remain consistent with astrophysical observations, our proposal necessitates very long-lived states, motivating striking phenomenology associated with the late decays of ultra-heavy dark matter, potentially as massive as the scale of grand unified theories, $M_\text{GUT} \sim 10^{16}$ GeV.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Understanding Health Variations and Policy Variations, 1999
Creators: name: Powell, M.
name: Exworthy, M.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2005

description: The aim of this study was to undertake an empirical analysis of the policy process in the NHS, in order to examine how policy towards health inequalities is formulated and how that policy is translated vertically into local policy. How and why local policies differ within health authorities and other agencies was also considered, and how these initiatives are evaluated at local level.

 The first stage of the research project was a review of legislation and national policy documents. The second stage was a short questionnaire sent to over 2000 named trusts and local authorities in England, Wales and Scotland. The third stage used case studies and interviews to examine how the policy process worked. Together, the three stages aimed to provide a balance between qualitative and quantitative data sources in assessing the interaction between stakeholders in formulating and implementing equity policies.

 Users should note that only the interview transcripts from the third stage of the research are currently held at the UK Data Archive - the questionnaire data are not included in the study
Cultural Industries and the City, 1980-1999
Creators: name: Banks, M.
name: Raffo, C.
name: O'Connor, J.
name: Lovatt, A.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2002

description: This study examined the relationship between the cultural industries sector and strategies to promote Manchester as a competitive and creative city.
 Using in-depth qualitative interviews, the research had three aims. Firstly, to examine the working practices of small firms, entrepreneurs and intermediaries working within the key sectors of music, fashion, multimedia and design. Secondly, to examine the role of cultural industries within local economic development and regeneration discourse and practice. Thirdly, to examine the extent to which cultural industries have 'joined-up' with other competitive assets in the drive to re-image Manchester as a 'creative' city.
Gender Difference, Anxiety and the Fear of Crime, 1995
Creators: name: Hollway, W.
name: Jefferson, T.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: This research focused on crime and its relation to risk of victimisation and the suggestion that high-risk groups, in particular, young men, report lower fear than low-risk groups, in particular, older women.
 The notion of anxiety as a mediating influence in the relationship between risk of victimisation and fear of crime was examined. Through a set of face-to-face interviews, the research found that the effect of risk figured prominently in interviewee's accounts of their fear of crime and their previous victimisation. They not only positioned themselves as more or less at risk but more actively were recurrently engaged in more or less ‘risky’ practices. The research suggests that the relations between risk and fear of crime cannot be understood without theorising the multiple meanings attaching to a person’s identity which become invested with anxiety.
 The data consists of interview transcripts with men and women living on estates where the incidence of crime was either high or low. The interviews aimed to understand the differences in fear of crime among different social groups, integrating demographic characteristics, analyses of gender, ethnicity and age.
Children and Welfare : Negotiating Pathways, 1998-1999
Creators: name: Punch, S.
name: Fuller, R.
name: Hallett, C.
name: Murray, C.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2002

description: This study explored young people's perceptions of their worries and problems, their negotiations, coping strategies and their help-seeking behaviour. The study explored the contingent and contextual nature of young people's worries and their responses to them, including how they cope with them and to whom, if anyone, they turn for help.
Policing, Cultural Change and 'Structures of Feeling' in Post-War England, 1945-1999
Policing in Post-War England
Creators: name: Loader, I.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: This study is available via the UK Data Service Qualibank, an online tool for browsing, searching and citing the content of selected qualitative data collections held at the UK Data Service.

 This research investigated public and professional understandings of policing in relation to English social history since 1945. The research explored the cultural and symbolic representation of English policing culture in the post-war period.
 They conducted documentary analysis of official 'representations' of policing, and carried out oral historical research with various strata of the public ('citizens'), retired and long-serving police officers and a small number of 'key players' in post-war policing debates (police spokespersons, civil servants and politicians). They sought to investigate how these different groups remember and reconstruct ideas around policing as well as looking at how policing is situated in relation to other aspects of English society and culture.

 The researchers explored substantive questions such as ‘why is it that people invest so heavily in policing as a – if not the – principal source of social order?’, ‘What anxieties, fears, hopes and fantasies underpin this attachment?’ and ‘how has English policing been officially represented since 1945?’ In so doing, the research drew on recent work in social theory, anthropology and social history in order to examine how policing serves as a vehicle through which people understand the society they live in, and interpret its past, present and possible futures.
Socio-technical Systems and Call Centres : a Case Study Investigation, 1999-2000
Creators: name: Callaghan, G.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: Following a growth in the number of people employed in call centres, defined as those workers who simultaneously use a telephone and computer, this research project set out to investigate the way social and technical systems are used in their work organisation. The research focused particularly on the role such systems play in defining skill, establishing training strategies, and their impact on issues of trust and autonomy in the workplace. The project data drew on case study material gathered over a period of some months from a telephone banking centre within the financial service sector - the largest growing call centre area.
Left-symmetric bialgebroids and their corresponding Manin triples
Creators: name: Liu, Jiefeng
name: Sheng, Yunhe
name: Bai, Chengming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we introduce the notion of a left-symmetric bialgebroid as a geometric generalization of a left-symmetric bialgebra and construct a left-symmetric bialgebroid from a pseudo-Hessian manifold. We also introduce the notion of a Manin triple for left-symmetric algebroids, which is equivalent to a left-symmetric bialgebroid. The corresponding double structure is a pre-symplectic algebroid rather than a left-symmetric algebroid. In particular, we establish a relation between Maurer-Cartan type equations and Dirac structures of the pre-symplectic algebroid which is the corresponding double structure for a left-symmetric bialgebroid.
description: 20 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1604.00146
Frequency conversion in ultrastrong cavity QED
Creators: name: Kockum, Anton Frisk
name: Macrì, Vincenzo
name: Garziano, Luigi
name: Savasta, Salvatore
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for frequency conversion of photons which is both versatile and deterministic. We show that a system with two resonators ultrastrongly coupled to a single qubit can be used to realize both single- and multiphoton frequency-conversion processes. The conversion can be exquisitely controlled by tuning the qubit frequency to bring the desired frequency-conversion transitions on or off resonance. Considering recent experimental advances in ultrastrong coupling for circuit QED and other systems, we believe that our scheme can be implemented using available technology.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Expertise of Members of the British House of Lords, 2002
Ethnographic Research in the British House of Lords, 1998-2000
Creators: name: Crewe, E.
name: Kruger, J.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: The objectives of the project were:
 to produce the first ethnography of the House of Lords and contribute to knowledge about Parliament;
 to explore cultural and political changes within the House of Lords and contribute to anthropological theory about culture and power;
 to disseminate findings to academics, those involved in reform, and the public.
 The data collected from the project comprised two parts - a database of information on the experience and expertise of members of the House of Lords, and ethnographic materials - including fieldnotes, interview transcripts and questionnaires. The database aimed to cover the range of experience and expertise of all 714 members of the House of Lords in 2002. Users should note that the database is available from the UK Data Archive, but the ethnographic materials are subject to a 30-year embargo, ending January 2033 (see 'Availability' section).
Characterisations and Issues of Mathematics Teaching in Undergraduate Tutorials, 1999
Creators: name: Jaworski, B.
name: Hegedus, S.
name: Nardi, E.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: This research sought to integrate findings from two previous studies: a study of first-year undergraduates' learning difficulties in their encounter with the abstractions of advanced mathematics within a tutorial based pedagogy and a study of the tutors' responses to and interpretations of the learning difficulties.

 Then, through a semi-structured interview process, the researchers examined how tutors thought about their teaching practices. Six individual university based tutors were interviewed weekly for 8 weeks over the course of a university term. The tutors explored teaching approaches and their relationship to epistemological issues in the mathematical content of the tutorials.
Interference in the $gg\rightarrow h \rightarrow γγ$ On-Shell Rate and the Higgs Boson Total Width
Creators: name: Campbell, John
name: Carena, Marcela
name: Harnik, Roni
name: Liu, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider interference between the Higgs signal and QCD background in $gg\rightarrow h \rightarrow γγ$ and its effect on the on-shell Higgs rate. The existence of sizable strong phases leads to destructive interference of about 2% of the on-shell cross section in the Standard Model. This effect can be enhanced by beyond the standard model physics. In particular, since it scales differently from the usual rates, the presence of interference allows indirect limits to be placed on the Higgs width in a novel way, using on-shell rate measurements. Our study motivates further QCD calculations to reduce uncertainties. We discuss potential width-sensitive observables, both using total and differential rates and find that the HL-LHC can potentially indirectly probe widths of order tens of MeV.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Dutch Map Task Corpus, 1999
Creators: name: Schepman, A.
name: Ladd, D. R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: This project dealt with the phonetic details of intonation in Dutch and English. It focused on the alignment of intonational targets (e.g. local peaks and valleys) with the vowels and consonants in speech. Limited past research had suggested that this is systematic, but the factors that affect it are not well understood. The depositor's earlier research suggested that in many cases intonation targets are anchored to specific sounds (e.g. the beginning of the vowel following a stressed syllable). This kind of precision was rather unexpected, because investigators have concentrated on more variable effects (e.g. the closer a target is to the end of a word, the earlier it is aligned). The main goal of this project was to determine how general this anchoring is, what kind of landmarks (consonants, vowels, word ends, etc.) can serve as anchors, and how much the alignment of anchored targets can be affected by more variable factors. One practical motivation for this research was to provide the basic knowledge for improvements to synthetic speech. Most of the empirical research of the proposed project consisted of experiments in both English and Dutch, in which carefully selected sentences were read aloud and detailed acoustical measurements made of the speech. The depositor also studied short (5-10 minute) dialogues spoken under somewhat controlled conditions these are the Map Task dialogues deposited in this dataset. English and Dutch were chosen because their sound structures are similar enough that conclusions can be generalised from one language to the other, yet different enough that certain kinds of experimental controls can be used in one language which would be impossible in the other. Also, both languages support important speech technology industries.
Enhancement of magnetic ordering temperature and magnetodielectric coupling by hole doping in a multiferroic DyFe0.5Cr0.5O3
Creators: name: Sharma, Mohit K
name: Basu, Tathamay
name: Mukherjee, K
name: Sampathkumaran, E V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of our investigation of magnetic, thermodynamic and dielectric properties of Ca substituted half-doped orthochromite, Dy0.6Ca0.4Fe0.5Cr0.5O3. Magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity data bring out that this compound undergoes two antiferromagnetic transitions, one at ~132 and the other at ~22 K. These values are higher than those of DyFe0.5Cr0.5O3. This finding highlights that non-magnetic hole doping in form of Ca+2 in the place of magnetic Dy+3 tends to enhance magnetic transition temperatures in this half-doped orthochromite. We attribute it to possible change in the valence state of Cr/ Fe-ion ions due to hole doping. Dielectric anomalies are also seen near the magnetic ordering temperatures indicating magnetodielectric coupling, which is confirmed by magnetic field dependent dielectric studies. The most notable observation is that magnetodielectric coupling strength gets significantly enhanced as compared to DyFe0.5Cr0.5O3. The results reveal that it is possible to tune magnetodielectric coupling by hole doping in this system.
Transnational Seafarers, 1999-2001
Creators: name: Kahveci, E.
name: Sampson, H.
name: Lane, T.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2003

description: The study entailed a statistical survey of the global labour market as revealed in crewing patterns and ethnographic research aboard ship to examine the structures, social dynamics and institutional contexts of transnational seafarers' communities.
 This data collection comprises transcripts of interviews with seafarers of all ranks and of 20 nationalities, forming the crews of 14 ships. All ships were engaged upon international wages and the interviews were conducted by 'resident' researchers, living aboard for periods of between 12 days and 3 months.
Knowledge Organisation in Two-dimensional Space: Exploring Visualisation Within Classification Schemes
Creators: name: Lee, Deborah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Classification scheme
Visualization
KOS
Knowledge Organization System

description: Classification schemes are a critical part of helping users to discover knowledge. Despite text being the base of most traditional bibliographic classification schemes, there are also visualised elements in operation too, which are often subliminal and are rarely discussed. So, this paper analyses the visual and graphical elements of classification schemes. The paper starts with a discussion about what “users” and “user experience” means in relation to classification schemes, considering the direct users of classification schemes (such as librarians) , as well as the indirect users (often the library users). Then, there will be an analysis of the mechanics of visualisation, such as how classification schemes use the horizontal plane to represent the vertical idea of hierarchy. This will also explore how visualisation fits into ideas about the aesthetics of KOSs. The paper then considers the transmutation of printed schemes to digital systems, and the impact this has had on graphical representation of classification schemes. This also asks pertinent questions about versions versus visualisations. Finally, the impact of visualising classification schemes on their critique and evaluation will be contemplated, asking whether these often subliminal visual aspects have an impact on the schemes’ usage. Ultimately, exploring this hitherto unexplored aspect of classification schemes, will ask important questions about users, aesthetics, and much more, helping us to build a richer understanding of the classification scheme, and potentially, other KOSs.