cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on Wrapped DBI Inflation in a Warped Throat
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Takeshi
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
name: Kinoshita, Shunichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive constraints on the tensor to scalar ratio and on the background charge of the warped throat for DBI inflation driven by D5- and D7-branes wrapped over cycles of the throat. It is shown that the background charge well beyond the known maximal value is required in most cases for DBI inflation to generate cosmological observables compatible with the WMAP3 data. Most of the results derived in this paper are insensitive to the details of the inflaton potential, and could be applied to generic warped throats.
description: 20 pages, REVTeX4, v2: published in JCAP
Outcome and survival after open heart surgery for adults with congenital heart disease – a single center experience
Creators: name: Fazlinović, Sanin
name: Wallinder, Andreas
name: Dellborg, Mikael
name: Furenäs, Eva
name: Eriksson, Peter
name: Synnergren, Mats
name: Lidén, Hans
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect today. The adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) population is constantly growing and becoming older and more patients require cardiac surgery. The objective of this study was to review the surgical outcome of the open heart procedures performed on ACHD patients in the last 10 years at Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SUH) through a retrospective descriptive cohort study. Methods. A retrospective data collection was performed for 421 patients who underwent a total of 439 surgical procedures between 2009 and 2018 at the Cardiothoracic department in SUH. The primary outcomes were early (<30 days) and late survival. Secondary outcomes were postoperative complications and independent risk factors for postoperative complications. Results. 30-day mortality was 1.9%. Long-term survival after 3, 5 and 10 years were 96% ± 1, 94.3% ± 1.3 and 92.4% ± 1.8. 82 major complications occurred after 46 procedures (11.6%). The most common major complication was re-exploration due to hemorrhage. Risk factors for major complications were acute surgery and prolonged extracorporeal circulation time. 173 minor complications occurred after 90 procedures (22.5%). The most common minor complication was prolonged intensive care unit stay (>48 h). Conclusion. This study presents satisfactory early and midterm survival. The survival and frequency of major postoperative complications are well in line with what other studies have presented. Patients undergoing resternotomies had no increased risk for mortality or postoperative complications.
补充材料.docx
Creators: name: Chen, Rong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300999
subject: Veterinary sciences not elsewhere classified

description: 代谢综合征（MS）是2型糖尿病和脑血管疾病的危险因素，已成为世界范围内严重的公共卫生问题。然而，有效多发性硬化症的有效药物仍然缺乏。由于具有多个靶点的特点据报道，中药 （TCM） 对多发性硬化症及其单个成分（如肥胖、炎症、高脂血症。草药提取 （HME）的水提取物黄柏 阿穆伦塞和白术根比例为 1：1，炎症性疾病临床实践中被 本研究的重点是 干预效果HME湿度暴露和高 糖脂肪饮食 （H-HSF） 诱导的 MS
The origin of power-law distributions in deterministic walks: the influence of landscape geometry
Creators: name: Santos, M. C.
name: Boyer, D.
name: Miramontes, O.
name: Viswanathan, G. M.
name: Raposo, E. P.
name: Mateos, J. L.
name: da Luz, M. G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of a deterministic walk, whose locomotion rule is always to travel to the nearest site. Initially the sites are randomly distributed in a closed rectangular ($A/L \times L)$ landscape and, once reached, they become unavailable for future visits. As expected, the walker step lengths present characteristic scales in one ($L \to 0$) and two ($A/L \sim L$) dimensions. However, we find scale invariance for an intermediate geometry, when the landscape is a thin strip-like region. This result is induced geometrically by a dynamical trapping mechanism, leading to a power law distribution for the step lengths. The relevance of our findings in broader contexts -- of both deterministic and random walks -- is also briefly discussed.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Measuring Voice UX Quantitatively: A Rapid Review
Creators: name: Seaborn, Katie
name: Urakami, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer voice is experiencing a renaissance through the growing popularity of voice-based interfaces, agents, and environments. Yet, how to measure the user experience (UX) of voice-based systems remains an open and urgent question, especially given that their form factors and interaction styles tend to be non-visual, intangible, and often considered disembodied or "body-less." As a first step, we surveyed the ACM and IEEE literatures to determine which quantitative measures and measurements have been deemed important for voice UX. Our findings show that there is little consensus, even with similar situations and systems, as well as an overreliance on lab work and unvalidated scales. In response, we offer two high-level descriptive frameworks for guiding future research, developing standardized instruments, and informing ongoing review work. Our work highlights the current strengths and weaknesses of voice UX research and charts a path towards measuring voice UX in a more comprehensive way.
description: Accepted at CHI EA '21
The rest mass of a system of two photons in different inertial reference frames: 0+0=0 and 0+0>0
Creators: name: Rothenstein, Berhard
name: Păunescu, Doru
name: Popescu, Ştefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the rest mass of a system consisting of two photons is a relativistic invariant having the same magnitude in all inertial reference frames in relative motion. A scenario which starts with two photons where theirs frequencies are equal to each other the magnitude of the rest mass of the system depends on the angle made by the momentums of the two photons. The behavior of the photons when detected from two inertial reference frames is illustrated using a relativistic diagram which displays in true values the physical quantities (scalar and vector) introduced in order to characterize the dynamical properties of the photon. We consider that the obtained results should be taken in the discussions, some time fierce, between those who ban the concept of relativistic mass and those who consider that its use is harmless.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Negotiating Gender and Language Barriers: Dual Roles of Vietnamese Married Immigrant Women in Taiwan
Creators: name: Huynh, Quoc Tuan
Publisher: name: Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Language
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the evolving roles of Vietnamese married immigrant women in Taiwan, focusing on their experiences as primary breadwinners within the family. Drawing on Zimmerman’s concept of "doing gender," it explores how these women handle traditional gendered expectations while fulfilling their roles as earners and caregivers. Through in-depth interviews with 13 Vietnamese women, the study highlights how they perceive self-sacrifice and suffering as integral to their sense of dignity. The article demonstrates that while caregiving remains central to their understanding of womanhood, these women view the breadwinner role as both a responsibility and a means to challenge the stigma of being a “bad mother.” The article further reveals how language barriers shape their life and influence power dynamics within the family. The study contributes to the broader discourse on gender, migration, and caregiving; offering insights into the complex intersection of cultural norms, familial obligations, and women’s agency in transnational contexts. Future research could examine how transnational caregiving and breadwinning roles reshape gender norms and family dynamics over time.
description: Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Language, Online First
Near-infrared and Mid-infrared Spectroscopy with the Infrared Camera (IRC) for AKARI
Creators: name: Ohyama, Youichi
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Matsuhara, Hideo
name: Wada, Takehiko
name: Kim, Woojung
name: Fujishiro, Naofumi
name: Uemizu, Kazunori
name: Sakon, Itsuki
name: Cohen, Martin
name: Ishigaki, Miho
name: Ishihara, Daisuke
name: Ita, Yoshifusa
name: Kataza, Hirokazu
name: Matsumoto, Toshio
name: Murakami, Hiroshi
name: Oyabu, Shinki
name: Tanabe, Toshihiko
name: Takagi, Toshinobu
name: Ueno, Munetaka
name: Usui, Fumio
name: Watarai, Hidenori
name: Pearson, Chris P.
name: Takeyama, Norihide
name: Yamamuro, Tomoyasu
name: Ikeda, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Infrared Camera (IRC) is one of the two instruments on board the AKARI satellite. In addition to deep imaging from 1.8-26.5um for the pointed observation mode of the AKARI, it has a spectroscopic capability in its spectral range. By replacing the imaging filters by transmission-type dispersers on the filter wheels, it provides low-resolution (lambda/d_lambda ~ 20-120) spectroscopy with slits or in a wide imaging field-of-view (approximately 10'X10'). The IRC spectroscopic mode is unique in space infrared missions in that it has the capability to perform sensitive wide-field spectroscopic surveys in the near- and mid-infrared wavelength ranges. This paper describes specifications of the IRC spectrograph and its in-orbit performance.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication on PASJ
Polymer and surface roughness effects on the drag crisis for falling spheres
Creators: name: Lyotard, Nicolas
name: Shew, Woodrow
name: Bocquet, Lydéric
name: Pinton, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make time resolved velocity measurements of steel spheres in free fall through liquid using a continuous ultrasound technique. We explore two different ways to induce large changes in drag on the spheres: 1) a small quantity of viscoelastic polymer added to water and 2) altering the surface of the sphere. Low concentration polymer solutions and/or a pattern of grooves in the sphere surface induce an early drag crisis, which may reduce drag by more than 50 percent compared to smooth spheres in pure water. On the other hand, random surface roughness and/or high concentration polymer solutions reduce drag progressively and suppress the drag crisis. We also present a qualititative argument which ties the drag reduction observed in low concentration polymer solutions to the Weissenberg number and normal stress difference.
description: 8 pages
The evolution of planetary nebulae IV. On the physics of the luminosity function
Creators: name: Schoenberner, D.
name: Jacob, R.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Sandin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nebular evolution is followed from the vicinity of the asymptotic-giant branch across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram until the white-dwarf domain is reached, using various central-star models coupled to different initial envelope configurations. Along each sequence the relevant line emissions of the nebulae are computed and analysed. Maximum line luminosities in Hbeta and [OIII] 5007A are achieved at stellar effective temperatures of about 65000K and 95000-100000K, respectively, provided the nebula remains optically thick for ionising photons. In the optically thin case, the maximum line emission occurs at or shortly after the thick/thin transition. Our models suggest that most planetary nebulae with hotter (>~ 45000K) central stars are optically thin in the Lyman continuum, and that their [OIII] 5007A emission fails to explain the bright end of the observed planetary nebulae luminosity function. However, sequences with central stars of >~ 0.6 Msun and rather dense initial envelopes remain virtually optically thick and are able to populate the bright end of the luminosity function. Individual luminosity functions depend strongly on the central-star mass and on the variation of the nebular optical depth with time. Hydrodynamical simulations of planetary nebulae are essential for any understanding of the basic physics behind their observed luminosity function. In particular, our models do not support the claim of Marigo et.al (2004) according to which the maximum 5007A luminosity occurs during the recombination phase well beyond 100 000K when the stellar luminosity declines and the nebular models become, at least partially, optically thick. Consequently, there is no need to invoke relatively massive central stars of, say > 0.7 Msun, to account for the bright end of the luminosity function.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures, A&A, in press
Charmonium dynamics in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(S)=200 GeV
Creators: name: Linnyk, O.
name: Bratkovskaya, E. L.
name: Cassing, W.
name: Stoecker, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and suppression dynamics of J/Psi, Chi_c and Psi-Prime mesons is studied within the HSD transport approach for Au+Au reactions at the top RHIC energy of sqrt(S)=200 GeV. Two prominent models, which have been discussed for more than a decade, are incorporated, i.e. the 'hadronic comover absorption and reformation' model as well as the 'QGP threshold' scenario, and compared to available experimental data. Our studies demonstrate that both scenarios - compatible with experimental observation at SPS energies - fail severely at RHIC energies. This combined analysis - together with the underestimation of charm elliptic flow - proves that the dynamics of c, c-bar quarks are dominated by partonic interactions in the strong QGP (sQGP) and can neither be modeled by 'hadronic' interactions nor described appropriately by color screening alone.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Viscous Withdrawal of Miscible Liquid Layers
Creators: name: Schmidt, Laura E.
name: Zhang, Wendy W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In viscous withdrawal, a converging flow imposed in an upper layer of viscous liquid entrains liquid from a lower, stably stratified layer. Using the idea that a thin tendril is entrained by a local straining flow, we propose a scaling law for the volume flux of liquid entrained from miscible liquid layers. A long-wavelength model including only local information about the withdrawal flow is degenerate, with multiple tendril solutions for one withdrawal condition. Including information about the global geometry of the withdrawal flow removes the degeneracy while introducing only a logarithmic dependence on the global flow parameters into the scaling law.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Deformations of asymptotically cylindrical G_2 manifolds
Creators: name: Nordström, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25

description: We prove that for a 7-dimensional manifold M with cylindrical ends the moduli space of exponentially asymptotically cylindrical torsion-free G_2 structures is a smooth manifold (if non-empty), and study some of its local properties. We also show that the holonomy of the induced metric of an exponentially asymptotically cylindrical G_2 manifold M is exactly G_2 if and only if its fundamental group is finite and neither M nor any double cover of M is homeomorphic to a cylinder.
description: 31 pages, corrected proof of proposition 6.23
Large sample asymptotics for the two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet process
Creators: name: James, Lancelot F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05 (Primary) 62F15 (Secondary)

description: This paper explores large sample properties of the two-parameter $(α,θ)$ Poisson--Dirichlet Process in two contexts. In a Bayesian context of estimating an unknown probability measure, viewing this process as a natural extension of the Dirichlet process, we explore the consistency and weak convergence of the the two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet posterior process. We also establish the weak convergence of properly centered two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet processes for large $θ+nα.$ This latter result complements large $θ$ results for the Dirichlet process and Poisson--Dirichlet sequences, and complements a recent result on large deviation principles for the two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet process. A crucial component of our results is the use of distributional identities that may be useful in other contexts.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921708000000147 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
HOSS!
Creators: name: Lawrence, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hall-D Online Skim System (HOSS) was developed to simultaneously solve two issues for the high intensity GlueX experiment. One was to parallelize the writing of raw data files to disk in order to improve bandwidth. The other was to distribute the raw data across multiple compute nodes in order to produce calibration \textit{skims} of the data online. The highly configurable system employs RDMA, RAM disks, and zeroMQ driven by Python to simultaneously store and process the full high intensity GlueX data stream.
description: vCHEP21
Measuring three-dimensional shapes of stable solar prominences using stereoscopic observations from SDO and STEREO
Creators: name: Zhou, Chengrui
name: Xia, Chun
name: Shen, Yuandeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the real shapes and trajectories of erupting solar prominences in three dimensions have been intensively studied, the three-dimensional (3D) shapes of stable prominences before eruptions have not been measured accurately so far. We intend to make such a measurement to constrain 3D prominence models and to extend our knowledge of prominences. Using multiperspective observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board SDO and the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on board STEREO, we reconstructed 3D coordinates of three stable prominences: a quiescent, an intermediate, and a mixed type. Based on the 3D coordinates, we measured the height, length, and inclination angle of the legs of these prominences. To study the spatial relationship between the footpoints of prominences and photospheric magnetic structures, we also used the Global Oscillation Network Group H alpha images and magnetograms from the HMI on board the SDO. In three stable prominences, we find that the axes of the prominence legs are inclined by 68 degrees on average to the solar surface. Legs at different locations along a prominence axis have different heights with a two- to threefold difference. Our investigation suggests that over 96% of prominence footpoints in a sample of 70 footpoints are located at supergranular boundaries. The widths of two legs have similar values measured in two orthogonal lines of sight. We also find that a prominence leg above the solar limb showed horizontal oscillations with larger amplitudes at higher locations. With a limited image resolution and number of cases, our measurement suggests that the legs of prominences may have various orientations and do not always stand vertically on the surface of the sun. Moreover, the locations of prominence legs are closely related to supergranules.
description: 11 figures
Pimples reduce and dimples enhance flat dielectric surface image repulsion
Creators: name: Solis, Francisco J.
name: de la Cruz, Monica Olvera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near solid-liquid or liquid-liquid interfaces with dielectric contrast, charged particles interact with the induced polarization charge of the interface. These interactions contribute to an effective self-energy of the bulk ions and mediate ion-ion interactions. For flat interfaces, the self-energy and the mediated interaction are neatly constructed by the image charge method. For other geometries, explicit results are scarce and the problem must be treated via approximations or direct computation. This article provides analytical results, valid to first order in perturbation theory, for the self-energy of particles near a deformed near-flat interface. Explicit formulas are provided for the case of a sinusoidal deformation; generic deformations can then be treated by superposition. In addition to results for the self-energy, the surface polarization charge due to a single ion is presented as a quadrature. The interaction between an ion and the deformed surface is modified by the change in relative distance as well as by the curvature of the surface. Solid walls with a lower dielectric constant than the liquid repel all ions. We show here, however, that the repulsion is reduced by local convexity and enhanced by concavity; dimples are more repulsive than pimples.
Quality functions in community detection
Creators: name: Fortunato, Santo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Community structure represents the local organization of complex networks and the single most important feature to extract functional relationships between nodes. In the last years, the problem of community detection has been reformulated in terms of the optimization of a function, the Newman-Girvan modularity, that is supposed to express the quality of the partitions of a network into communities. Starting from a recent critical survey on modularity optimization, pointing out the existence of a resolution limit that poses severe limits to its applicability, we discuss the general issue of the use of quality functions in community detection. Our main conclusion is that quality functions are useful to compare partitions with the same number of modules, whereas the comparison of partitions with different numbers of modules is not straightforward and may lead to ambiguities.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, invited paper to appear in the Proceedings of SPIE International Conference "Fluctuations and Noise 2007", Florence, Italy, 20-24 May, 2007
Numerical study on Schramm-Loewner Evolution in nonminimal conformal field theories
Creators: name: Picco, Marco
name: Santachiara, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE) is a powerful tool to describe fractal interfaces in 2D critical statistical systems. Yet the application of SLE is well established for statistical systems described by quantum field theories satisfying only conformal invariance, the so called minimal conformal field theories (CFTs). We consider interfaces in Z(N) spin models at their self-dual critical point for N=4 and N=5. These lattice models are described in the continuum limit by non-minimal CFTs where the role of a Z_N symmetry, in addition to the conformal one, should be taken into account. We provide numerical results on the fractal dimension of the interfaces which are SLE candidates for non-minimal CFTs. Our results are in excellent agreement with some recent theoretical predictions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, v2: typos corrected, published version
title: Exploring Saudi Adolescents’ Perceptions of Emotional Eating with the Purpose of Informing the Design of an Online Health Awareness Programme
Creators: name: Aloudah, Maali Abdulrahman
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: This study explores emotional eating (EE) among adolescent students in Saudi Arabia, which is defined as a change in food consumption in response to emotional triggers (Economy, 2013). Additionally, the study sets out to contribute to raising awareness about the prevalence of emotional eating among Saudi Arabian adolescents and to use this information to inform the design of an online health awareness programme that supports healthy eating and healthy behaviour for this population, the first study to do so for this population. Data were collected using a questionnaire and one-to-one semi-structured interviews. A total of 304 male and female adolescents (ages 12-15) completed the questionnaire, while 12 female students, who showed a high level of emotional eating, engaged in a one-to-one interview. The questionnaire data revealed there was a wide range of levels of emotional eating between individuals, with the males showing a lower level than the females. A variety of emotions were reported to affect eating, including boredom, anxiety and sadness, but positive emotions as well, notably happiness and comfort. The obese students reported a higher level of emotional eating than the others. The sociocultural environment of Saudi Arabia appeared to contribute to the students’ eating behaviour, mainly in respect of positive emotions, for example, during meetings with friends and relatives, weekend holidays, social and religious events, and fasting days. There was a high association of food with social occasions and festivals. Recommendations are made for the treatment for emotional eating, including mindfulness in eating, because it helps to moderate emotional eating as well as raising self-compassion. This study’s results aimed to inform the design of an online health awareness programme based on various suggestions from the female students in the light of existing literature, who provided essential inputs regarding the social networking apps, functions, features, and overall design of such a programme.
Nuclear physics with spherically symmetric supernova models
Creators: name: Liebendoerfer, M.
name: Fischer, T.
name: Fröhlich, C.
name: Thielemann, F. -K.
name: Whitehouse, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Few years ago, Boltzmann neutrino transport led to a new and reliable generation of spherically symmetric models of stellar core collapse and postbounce evolution. After the failure to prove the principles of the supernova explosion mechanism, these sophisticated models continue to illuminate the close interaction between high-density matter under extreme conditions and the transport of leptons and energy in general relativistically curved space-time. We emphasize that very different input physics is likely to be relevant for the different evolutionary phases, e.g. nuclear structure for weak rates in collapse, the equation of state of bulk nuclear matter during bounce, multidimensional plasma dynamics in the postbounce evolution, and neutrino cross sections in the explosive nucleosynthesis. We illustrate the complexity of the dynamics using preliminary 3D MHD high-resolution simulations based on parameterized deleptonization. With established spherically symmetric models we show that typical features of the different phases are reflected in the predicted neutrino signal and that a consistent neutrino flux leads to electron fractions larger than 0.5 in neutrino-driven supernova ejecta.
description: NPA III, Dresden 2007; 8 pages, 3 figs; to appear in Journal of Physics G
The Metis people of St. Laurent, Manitoba : an introductory ethnology
Creators: name: Lavallée, Guy Albert Sylvestre
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the lives of a people, the Metis or the Michifs as they call themselves at St.Laurent, Manitoba. The Metis people were generally referred to as the off-springs of the Native Indian women and of the Europeans during the fur trade era. One hundred and thirty years ago, they enjoyed at Red River a successful economic way of life that was highly integrated to the land and to the environment. The Metis, at the time, were a proud race and called themselves the 'New Nation'. In 1870, after seeing Manitoba become a province within Confederation, their leader Louis Riel, was expelled from his homeland and the Metis gradually became, over the years, a socially and economically marginalized people. The purpose of this thesis is to document the process by which a particular Metis community at St.Laurent, Manitoba, is moving or has moved from being a self-contained community to a condition in which some aspects of their lives appear more generally 'Canadian' than specifically Metis. Due to the processes of modernization and secularization, many Metis find themselves today at a cultural crossroad. They face the choice of remaining Metis or becoming 'Canadian'. Data reveals that there are some social, cultural and economic implications in making such a decision. I will argue the point that it is possible to retain a strong and definitive sense of being Metis while at the same time becoming a Canadian and, presumably, less Metis than formerly was the case. Some findings of this research relate to the constituents of Metisness, both core and surface values. We will follow the process of change these cultural values have undergone within the life-span of the informants. Data shows that some Metis, under economic pressure, made their decision rather quickly as they joined the mainstream of society. Others continue to struggle to retain some aspects of Metisness as they see former cultural ways absorbed by the modern current. In many instances, Metis people are becoming 'Canadian' at the expense of being Metis, that many Metis have assimilated and have become 'Canadian'. As a result, Metis today are not what they were in the past. However, in the process, we encounter many Metis today, who are rediscovering their family origins, their historical traditions and cultural heritage. These people are, in their own ways, socially, culturally and politically reconstructing new expressions of Metisness in today's technological world.
Many-body effects in the mesoscopic x-ray edge problem
Creators: name: Hentschel, Martina
name: Roeder, Georg
name: Ullmo, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body phenomena, a key interest in the investigation of bulk solid state systems, are studied here in the context of the x-ray edge problem for mesoscopic systems. We investigate the many-body effects associated with the sudden perturbation following the x-ray excitation of a core electron into the conduction band. For small systems with dimensions at the nanoscale we find considerable deviations from the well-understood metallic case where Anderson orthogonality catastrophe and the Mahan-Nozieres-DeDominicis response cause characteristic deviations of the photoabsorption cross section from the naive expectation. Whereas the K-edge is typically rounded in metallic systems, we find a slightly peaked K-edge in generic mesoscopic systems with chaotic-coherent electron dynamics. Thus the behavior of the photoabsorption cross section at threshold depends on the system size and is different for the metallic and the mesoscopic case.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings ``Quantum Mechanics and Chaos'' (Osaka 2006)
The Two-Photon-Exchange and γZ-Exchange Corrections to parity-Violating Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering
Creators: name: Zhou, Hai Qing
name: Kao, Chung Wen
name: Yang, Shin Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leading electroweak corrections play an important role in precision measurements of the strange form factors. We calculate the two-photon-exchange (TPE) and $γZ$-exchange corrections to the parity-violating asymmetry of the elastic electron-proton scattering in a simple hadronic model including the finite size of the proton. We find both can reach a few percent and are comparable in size with the current experimental measurements of strange-quark effects in the proton neutral weak current. The effect of $γZ$-exchange is in general larger than that of TPE, especially at low momentum transfer $Q^2\le 1 GeV^2$. Their combined effects on the values of $G^s_E+βG^s_M$ extracted in recent experiments can be as large as -40% in certain kinematics.
description: 4 pages, 3 Figs
A Kerr Polarization Controller
Creators: name: Moroney, Niall
name: Del Bino, Leonardo
name: Zhang, Shuangyou
name: Woodley, Michael T. M.
name: Hill, Lewis
name: Wildi, Thibault
name: Wittwer, Valentin J.
name: Südmeyer, Thomas
name: Oppo, Gian-Luca
name: Vanner, Michael. R.
name: Brasch, Victor
name: Herr, Tobias
name: Del'Haye, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kerr-effect-induced changes of the polarization state of light are well known in pulsed laser systems. An example is nonlinear polarization rotation, which is critical to the operation of many types of mode-locked lasers. Here, we demonstrate that the Kerr effect in a high-finesse Fabry-Pérot resonator can be utilized to control the polarization of a continuous wave laser. It is shown that a linearly-polarized input field is converted into a left- or right-circularly-polarized field, controlled via the optical power. The observations are explained by Kerr-nonlinearity induced symmetry breaking, which splits the resonance frequencies of degenerate modes with opposite polarization handedness in an otherwise symmetric resonator. The all-optical polarization control is demonstrated at threshold powers down to 7 mW. The physical principle of such Kerr effect-based polarization controllers is generic to high-Q Kerr-nonlinear resonators and could also be implemented in photonic integrated circuits. Beyond polarization control, the spontaneous symmetry breaking of polarization states could be used for polarization filters or highly sensitive polarization sensors when operated close to the symmetry-breaking point.
Call for Papers: SPECIAL ISSUE Business Models at the Crossroad of Responsible Innovation, Sustainability and Resilience
Creators: name: Oftedal, E.
name: Bertella, G.
name: Grzegorczyk, M.
name: Hill, P.M.
name: Lanka, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: responsible investments
climate change
sustainability

description: CALL SPECIAL ISSUE The relentlessly fluctuating global economy generates impelling needs in how values are perceived, created and managed. Recently, there has been focus on how businesses could be part of the solution of our rising common challenges, such as climate crisis, general pollution, poverty, energy security and health. Business models are the core of businesses and support companies' effectiveness, contributing to their stable, sustainable functioning in the difficult, ever-changing market. This implies the design and implementation of innovative business models that take into account the variety of the stakeholders and promote contributions in terms of responsible research and innovation (RRI), sustainability and resilience. This Special Issue aims to discuss the key mechanisms concerning the design and operationalization of business models as a tool to meet our global challenges. We welcome contributions that links concepts such as sustainability, resilience and RRI to business models and strategy. Submission Deadline: January 30 2020, February 20 2020 Review Process Ends: April 30 2020 Special Issue published: July 2020
On partial polynomial interpolation
Creators: name: Brambilla, Maria Chiara
name: Ottaviani, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C20, 15A72, 65D05, 32E30

description: The Alexander-Hirschowitz theorem says that a general collection of $k$ double points in ${\bf P}^n$ imposes independent conditions on homogeneous polynomials of degree $d$ with a well known list of exceptions. We generalize this theorem to arbitrary zero-dimensional schemes contained in a general union of double points. We work in the polynomial interpolation setting. In this framework our main result says that the affine space of polynomials of degree $\le d$ in $n$ variables, with assigned values of any number of general linear combinations of first partial derivatives, has the expected dimension if $d\neq 2$ with only five exceptional cases. If $d=2$ the exceptional cases are fully described.
description: 34 pages, 2 tables, revised version: different proof of Theorem 4.1, Section 4 significantly changed, Appendix added
Resonant Chains of Exoplanets: Libration Centers for Three-body Angles
Creators: name: Siegel, Jared
name: Fabrycky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant planetary systems contain at least one planet pair with orbital periods librating at a near-integer ratio (2/1, 3/2, 4/3, etc.) and are a natural outcome of standard planetary formation theories. Systems with multiple adjacent resonant pairs are known as resonant chains and can exhibit three-body resonances -- characterized by a critical three-body angle. Here we study three-body angles as a diagnostic of resonant chains through tidally-damped N-body integrations. For each combination of the 2:1, 3:2, 4:3, and 5:4 mean motion resonances (the most common resonances in the known resonant chains), we characterize the three-body angle equilibria for several mass schemes, migration timescales, and initial separations. We find that under our formulation of the three-body angle, which does not reduce coefficients, 180 deg is the preferred libration center, and libration centers shifted away from 180 deg are associated with non-adjacent resonances. We then relate these angles to observables, by applying our general results to two transiting systems: Kepler-60 and Kepler-223. For these systems, we compare N-body models of the three-body angle to the zeroth order in e approximation accessible via transit phases, used in previous publications. In both cases, we find the three-body angle during the Kepler observing window is not necessarily indicative of the long-term oscillations and stress the role of dynamical models in investigating three-body angles. We anticipate our results will provide a useful diagnostic in the analysis of resonant chains.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal
Dilatation structures in sub-riemannian geometry
Creators: name: Buliga, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17, 22E20, 20F65

description: Based on the notion of dilatation structure arXiv:math/0608536, we give an intrinsic treatment to sub-riemannian geometry, started in the paper arXiv:0706.3644 . Here we prove that regular sub-riemannian manifolds admit dilatation structures. From the existence of normal frames proved by Bellaiche we deduce the rest of the properties of regular sub-riemannian manifolds by using the formalism of dilatation structures.
description: to appear in "Contemporary Geometry and Topology and Related Topics. Cluj-Napoca, August 19-25, 2007"
On overlapping Feynman (sub)graphs
Creators: name: Reinosa, Urko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss, on general grounds, how two subgraphs of a given Feynman graph can overlap with each other. For this, we use the notion of connecting and returning lines that describe how any subgraph is inserted within the original graph. This, in turn, allows us to derive "non-overlap" theorems for one-particle-irreducible subgraphs with $2$, $3$ and $4$ external legs. As an application, we provide a simple justification of the skeleton expansion for vertex functions with more than five legs, in the case of scalar field theories. We also discuss how the skeleton expansion can be extended to other classes of graphs.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Cum pot comunica cercetătorii direct cu publicul
Creators: name: Cocea, Madalina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200101 Communication Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Fie că este vorba despre podcasturi, conferinţe fascinante sau prezenţa la zilele porţilor deschise, despre site-ul personal sau un blog cu nouăţi din laborator, cercetătorul are numeroase modalităţi de a intra în legătură cu un public interesat de ştiinţă.
The effects of degree distributions in random networks of Type-I neurons
Creators: name: Laing, Carlo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider large networks of theta neurons and use the Ott/Antonsen ansatz to derive degree-based mean field equations governing the expected dynamics of the networks. Assuming random connectivity we investigate the effects of varying the widths of the in- and out-degree distributions on the dynamics of excitatory or inhibitory synaptically coupled networks, and gap junction coupled networks. For synaptically coupled networks, the dynamics are independent of the out-degree distribution. Broadening the in-degree distribution destroys oscillations in inhibitory networks and decreases the range of bistability in excitatory networks. For gap junction coupled neurons, broadening the degree distribution varies the values of parameters at which there is an onset of collective oscillations. Many of the results are shown to also occur in networks of more realistic neurons.
description: To appear in Physical Review E
Relic gravitons as the observable for Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Jakub
name: Szydlowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate tensor modes of perturbations in the universe governed by Loop Quantum Cosmology. We derive the equation for tensor modes and investigate numerically effects of quantum corrections. This investigation reveals that the region of super-adiabatic amplification of tensor modes is smaller in comparison with the classical case. Neglecting quantum corrections to the equation for tensor modes and holding underlying loop dynamics we study analytically the creation of gravitons. We calculate the power spectrum of tensor perturbations during the super-inflationary phase induced by Loop Quantum Gravity. The main result obtained is the spectrum of gravitons, produced in the transition from the quantum to classical regime of the Universe. Obtained spectrum is characterized by a hard branch. The numerical investigation shows the strong dependence of $ν_{\text{max}}$ frequency with respect to quantum numbers. The parameter $Ω_{\text{gw}}(ν_{\text{max}})$ approaches even to $\sim 10^{-1}$ for highest frequencies. We compare our results with recent constraints from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) and find that it is possible to test the quantum effects in the early Universe.
description: RevTeX4, 10 pages, 4 figures; v2: extended, more clarification on quantum corrections
Learning spectro-temporal representations of complex sounds with parameterized neural networks
Creators: name: Riad, Rachid
name: Karadayi, Julien
name: Bachoud-Lévi, Anne-Catherine
name: Dupoux, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep Learning models have become potential candidates for auditory neuroscience research, thanks to their recent successes on a variety of auditory tasks. Yet, these models often lack interpretability to fully understand the exact computations that have been performed. Here, we proposed a parametrized neural network layer, that computes specific spectro-temporal modulations based on Gabor kernels (Learnable STRFs) and that is fully interpretable. We evaluated predictive capabilities of this layer on Speech Activity Detection, Speaker Verification, Urban Sound Classification and Zebra Finch Call Type Classification. We found out that models based on Learnable STRFs are on par for all tasks with different toplines, and obtain the best performance for Speech Activity Detection. As this layer is fully interpretable, we used quantitative measures to describe the distribution of the learned spectro-temporal modulations. The filters adapted to each task and focused mostly on low temporal and spectral modulations. The analyses show that the filters learned on human speech have similar spectro-temporal parameters as the ones measured directly in the human auditory cortex. Finally, we observed that the tasks organized in a meaningful way: the human vocalizations tasks closer to each other and bird vocalizations far away from human vocalizations and urban sounds tasks.
Planetary interior and habitability of exoplanets: Recent developments
Creators: name: Katyal, Nisha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article deals with the most recent developments in the field of exoplanetary science connecting the interior of the planets with their habitability. In this issue, I have specified the importance of interior dynamics and briefly reviewed some of the main factors by which interior of a planet can effect the habitability of extra-solar planets.
description: Published, 6 pages
On Quasineutral Plasma Flow in the Magnetic Nozzle
Creators: name: Smolyakov, A. I.
name: Sabo, A.
name: Yushmanov, P.
name: Putvinskii, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact solutions for quasineutral plasma acceleration of magnetized plasma in the paraxial magnetic nozzle are obtained. It is shown that the non-monotonic magnetic field with a local maximum of the magnetic field is a necessary condition for the formation of the quasineutral accelerating potential structure. A global nature of the accelerating potential that occurs as a result of the constraint due to the regularity condition at the sonic point is emphasized and properties of such solutions are discussed for the case of general polytropic equation of state for electrons.