cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimation and Control of Autonomous Racing Drone
Creators: name: Naphade, Swapneel Uday
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics
subject: Systems science
subject: Aerial Robotics
subject: Autonomous System
subject: Control System
subject: Drone Racing
subject: Estimation
subject: Sytems Engineering

description: Autonomous Drone Racing (ADR) is an annual competition, organized at the International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), in which research groups all over the world participate to demonstrate the state-of-the-art technology in the autonomous aerial robotics field. This work describes the system development of the Autonomous Racing Drone System for the IROS ADR competition. A gate detection based, computationally light-weight visual-inertial localization (VIL) system is developed. We show that the proposed VIL system has a significantly lower memory usage than the state-of-the-art Monocular VIO systems which makes it suitable to run on resource constraint hardware. A non-linear model predictive control (NMPC) strategy is implemented for high-speed way-point navigation of the racing drone. We show that the NMPC strategy provides better trajectory tracking performance as compared with the traditional PD controller. The VIL system proposed in this work was utilized in the autonomous drone racing system which won the second-place in the IROS ADR 2019, Macau competition.
Here to Stay: The Disaster, Displacement, and Biomimetic Response
Creators: name: Lorenzana, Dan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Arhitecture
subject: Biomimicry
subject: Disaster
subject: Displacement
subject: Philippines
subject: Typhoon

description: Natural disaster can be felt all around the globe especially in the Philippines where millions of people have been displaced without any shelter. With the average of 20 typhoons hitting Philippines each year. People are still living in unsafe structures that affects the day to day of their livelihoods during and after natural disaster. According to Internal Displacement, earthquakes, floods and violence have driven millions away from their homes in 2018 alone. This acceleration in displacement can be felt in cities with growing slums and outdated infrastructure. This thesis will investigate a new integrated urban and building design typology for climate adaptation that uses and integrates Biomimicry as a design technique. This exploration hopes to use as a establish design criteria in the Philippines where typhoon is very prominent.
Enhancement of Road Construction by Using Recycled Tire Rubber Modified Bitumen
Creators: name: Dhoska, Klodian
name: Sakaj, Enxhuina
name: Moezzi, Reza
Publisher: name: Journal of Transactions in Systems Engineering
Year: 2023

description: Conventional asphalt used in the road construction in Albania has faced many problems due to lower quality of the asphalt and maintenance. Most of the problems comes from urban and industrial cities where the usage of the vehicles is very high. The problem has been faced in the first three years after their construction with conventional asphalt due to lower crack resistance and skid resistance. This emerged situation it has grown recently an interest from different researchers, companies and Albanian government to support improvement the quality of the road construction. Our research work will be focused on the production of the mixture asphalts by using Recycled Tire Rubber Modified Bitumen’s (RTR-MBs). Moreover, it will be analysed the physical and mechanical test which involve respectively penetration test, softening point test and Marshall test. All the new results will be compared to the conventional.
description: Journal of Transactions in Systems Engineering, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Transactions in Systems Engineering (JTSE)
title: Технологии продаж
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Новосибирский государственный университет экономики и управления «НИНХ»
Year: 2021

description: В учебном пособии раскрыты базовые понятия, описывающие процесс осуществления личных продаж. Изложены этапы проведения переговоров с клиентом в процессе продажи и методы преодоления возражений в ходе диалога. Рассмотрены ключевые аспекты проведения телефонных переговоров. Представлены современные тенденции коммуникаций при осуществлении личных продаж и составляющие психологии продаж. А также приведены ситуационные и практические задания для отработки практических навыков. Издание адресовано студентам направлений 42.03.01 «Реклама и связи с общественностью», 38.03.02 «Менеджмент», а также всем интересующимся принципами работы на коммуникационном рынке.
Aggregation verteilter Online-Server mit strukturierten Metadaten; am Beispiel von BASE und DRIVER
Creators: name: Summann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur
Year: 2009

description: Das OAI-PMH-Protocol (Open Archives Initiative – Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) zeichnet sich durch Einfachheit, Robustheit und viele Freiheiten und Unschärfen aus. Die für BASE an der UB-Bielefeld geschaffene Harvesting-Umgebung ist Perl-basiert, läuft unter Shellskripten, die mit Konfigurationsdateien überwiegend durch cronjob gesteuertes periodisches Harvesten vornehmen. Die Aggregation (Filterung, Qualitätsverbesserung) der geholten Metadaten erfolgt bei BASE im Pre-Processing im FAST-Kontext. Für BASE sind inzwischen mehr als 2000 OAI-Repositories prozessiert worden; aktiviert davon sind knapp 1400 mit knapp 22 Mill. Dokumenten. Zur Ermittlung neuer Schnittstellen werden vor allem automatisch unterstützt die bekannten OAI-Registries analysiert. Dazu kommen die Beobachtung von anderen OAI-Service-Providern und Auflistungen (solche liegen bezogen auf Land, Communities, Disziplinen vor) und persönliche Kontakte. Die Aggregation der zusammengetragenen Daten erfolgt zur Korrektur von Fehlern, zur Normalisierung von Feldinhalten (insbes. language, type, date) und zur Extraktion von spezifischer Information (DDC-Klassifikation-Codes). Im DRIVER-Kontext sind auf Basis der BASE-Technologie und Erfahrungen das Modul Harvesting/Aggregating von der UB Bielefeld entwickelt worden, das mit den ebenfalls in Bielefeld entwickelten Modulen MDStore (zur Speicherung der originalen und aggregierten Metadaten) und Index das Rückgrat des Datenprocessing bildet. Bei DRIVER wurden bisher mit dieser Technik knapp 250 Repositories mit vergleichsweise hohem Qualitätslevel bearbeitet und integriert. Die aus der OAI-Praxis abgeleiteten OAI-PMH-Empfehlungen und -Anforderungen wurden unter Beteiligung der UB Bielefeld in den DRIVER Guidelines zusammengestellt.
description: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur, Wintersemester 2009/2010
THE ROLE OF SIBLINGS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL RACIAL SOCIALIZATION AND OUTCOMES IN TRANSRACIAL ADOLESCENT ADOPTEES
Creators: name: Lee, Jennifer Grace
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Therapy
subject: adoption
subject: racial identity
subject: racial socialization
subject: self-esteem
subject: siblings
subject: transracial

description: Siblings are the longest relationship many people have in their lives, yet are often overlooked in research. Transracial adoptees, who may struggle with forming a sense of racial identity and experiencing low self-esteem, may benefit from the presence of a sibling of color. The research questions posed by this study are 1) What is the independent effect of having a sibling of color for transracial adolescent adoptees' racial identity and self-esteem? 2) Does having a sibling of color moderate the well-established relationship between parental racial socialization and outcomes of racial identity and self-esteem in transracial adoptees? Results of the present study indicated that having a sibling of color was negatively associated with a transracial adolescent adoptees’ self-esteem and having a sibling of color moderated the relationship between racial socialization and self-esteem. Higher racial socialization was associated with lower self-esteem for adoptees with no sibling of color.
Microstructural Evolution of Charged Defects in the Fatigue Process of Polycrystalline BiFeO3 Thin Films
Creators: name: Ke, Qingqing
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Lou, Xiaojie
name: Feng, Yuan Ping
name: Zeng, Kaiyang
name: Cai, Yongqing
name: Wang, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fatigue failure in ferroelectrics has been intensively investigated in the past few decades. Most of the mechanisms discussed for ferroelectric fatigue have been built on the "hypothesis of variation in charged defects", which however are rarely evidenced by experimental observation. Here, using a combination of complex impedance spectra techniques, piezoresponse force microscopy and first-principles theory, we examine the microscopic evolution and redistribution of charged defects during the electrical cycling in BiFeO3 thin films. The dynamic formation and melting behaviors of oxygen vacancy (VO) order are identified during the fatigue process. It reveals that the isolated VO tend to self-order along grain boundaries to form a planar-aligned structure, which blocks the domain reversals. Upon further electrical cycling, migration of VO within vacancy clusters is accommodated with a lower energy barrier (~0.2 eV) and facilitates the formation of nearby-electrode layer incorporated with highly concentrated VO. The interplay between the macroscopic fatigue and microscopic evolution of charged defects clearly demonstrates the role of ordered VO cluster in the fatigue failure of BiFeO3 thin films.
Between Rebel Flags: Iraqi Vexillology and State Iconography, 1921 - 2017
Creators: name: Andrews, John T
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Middle Eastern history
subject: Social structure
subject: Public policy
subject: Flags
subject: Hashemites
subject: Heraldry
subject: Iraq
subject: Saddam Hussein
subject: Vexillology

description: In under a century of existence, the Republic of Iraq has adopted seven national flags. The circumstances of these modifications occurred under times of tremendous political transformation following wars and military coups. The evolution of Iraqi vexillology often corresponded to sub-national violence and direct challenges to state authority. This thesis considers Iraqi identity through the lens of its national flags and iconography from 1921 to 2017. It argues that Iraqi flags and iconography constitute an archive revealing a national identity organized around an emphasis on ethnicity and transhistorical relationships.
DETECTING THE DEPTH OF THE CRACK BY LASER SPOT THERMOGRAPHY
Creators: name: Jha, Niraj
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Crack depth
subject: Depth of crack
subject: Laser Spot Thermography
subject: Non Destructive Testing
subject: Structural engineering

description: Understanding the properties of the cracks can give detailed insight about the health and status of any structure. Some cracks may not be detrimental, others may cause the structure to collapse if not inspected, recognized and repaired ahead of time. This article is about detecting the depth of a crack using laser spot thermography. A 3D finite element analysis of a laser beam as a heat source and steel specimen with cracks of various depths is performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5. Then the relationship between the crack depth and the temperature differential index is studied by using a regression analysis. Finally, the equation obtained from the regression analysis is used to predict the depth of the arbitrary cracks. The predicted depth is verified with their actual depths. The results are accurate with the error ranging from +0.3 mm to -0.2 mm.
title: Using influence maps with heuristic search to craft sneak-attacks in Starcraft
Creators: name: Critch, Lucas
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Real-Time Strategy (RTS) games have consistently been popular among AI researchers over the past couple of decades due to their complexity and difficulty to play for both humans and AI. A popular strategy in RTS games is a “Sneak-Attack,” where one player tries to maneuver some of their units into the base of their enemy without being seen for as long as possible to surprise their enemy and deal massive damage to their economy. This thesis introduces a novel method for finding Sneak-Attack paths in StarCraft: Brood War by combining influence maps with heuristic search. The combined system creates paths that can guide units effectively - and automatically - into the enemy’s base, by avoiding enemy unit vision and minimizing both travel distance and unit damage. For StarCraft, this involves guiding a loaded transport ship to the enemy’s base to drop off units for attack. Our results show that the new system performs better than direct paths across a variety of maps in terms of total transport deaths, total damage taken, as well as the total time spent by the transport within enemy vision. We then utilize this new system to demonstrate an alternate use: a proof of concept for calculating building placements to defend against enemy sneak-attacks.
Cyberbullying Detection for Low-resource Languages and Dialects: Review of the State of the Art
Creators: name: Mahmud, Tanjim
name: Ptaszynski, Michal
name: Eronen, Juuso
name: Masui, Fumito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The struggle of social media platforms to moderate content in a timely manner, encourages users to abuse such platforms to spread vulgar or abusive language, which, when performed repeatedly becomes cyberbullying a social problem taking place in virtual environments, yet with real-world consequences, such as depression, withdrawal, or even suicide attempts of its victims. Systems for the automatic detection and mitigation of cyberbullying have been developed but, unfortunately, the vast majority of them are for the English language, with only a handful available for low-resource languages. To estimate the present state of research and recognize the needs for further development, in this paper we present a comprehensive systematic survey of studies done so far for automatic cyberbullying detection in low-resource languages. We analyzed all studies on this topic that were available. We investigated more than seventy published studies on automatic detection of cyberbullying or related language in low-resource languages and dialects that were published between around 2017 and January 2023. There are 23 low-resource languages and dialects covered by this paper, including Bangla, Hindi, Dravidian languages and others. In the survey, we identify some of the research gaps of previous studies, which include the lack of reliable definitions of cyberbullying and its relevant subcategories, biases in the acquisition, and annotation of data. Based on recognizing those research gaps, we provide some suggestions for improving the general research conduct in cyberbullying detection, with a primary focus on low-resource languages. Based on those proposed suggestions, we collect and release a cyberbullying dataset in the Chittagonian dialect of Bangla and propose a number of initial ML solutions trained on that dataset. In addition, pre-trained transformer-based the BanglaBERT model was also attempted.
description: 52 Pages
Is a Higgs Vacuum Instability Fatal for High-Scale Inflation?
Creators: name: Kearney, John
name: Yoo, Hojin
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inflationary evolution of a scalar field $h$ with an unstable potential for the case where the Hubble parameter $H$ during inflation is larger than the instability scale $Λ_I$ of the potential. Quantum fluctuations in the field of size $δh \sim \frac{H}{2 π}$ imply that the unstable part of the potential is sampled during inflation. We investigate the evolution of these fluctuations to the unstable regime, and in particular whether they generate cosmological defects or even terminate inflation. We apply the results of a toy scalar model to the case of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson, whose quartic evolves to negative values at high scales, and extend previous analyses of Higgs dynamics during inflation utilizing statistical methods to a perturbative and fully gauge-invariant formulation. We show that the dynamics are controlled by the renormalization group-improved quartic coupling $λ(μ)$ evaluated at a scale $μ= H$, such that Higgs fluctuations are enhanced by the instability if $H > Λ_I$. Even if $H > Λ_I$, the instability in the SM Higgs potential does not end inflation; instead the universe slowly sloughs off crunching patches of space that never come to dominate the evolution. As inflation proceeds past 50 $e$-folds, a significant proportion of patches exit inflation in the unstable vacuum, and as much as 1% of the spacetime can rapidly evolve to a defect. Depending on the nature of these defects, however, the resulting universe could still be compatible with ours.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added, journal version
Approximately Counting Triangles in Sublinear Time
Creators: name: Eden, Talya
name: Levi, Amit
name: Ron, Dana
name: Seshadhri, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating the number of triangles in a graph. This problem has been extensively studied in both theory and practice, but all existing algorithms read the entire graph. In this work we design a {\em sublinear-time\/} algorithm for approximating the number of triangles in a graph, where the algorithm is given query access to the graph. The allowed queries are degree queries, vertex-pair queries and neighbor queries. We show that for any given approximation parameter $0
description: To appear in the 56th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 2015)
Effect of Interactional Aerodynamics on Computational Aeroacoustics of Sikorsky's Notional X2 Platform
Creators: name: Bahr, Ian
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aerospace engineering
subject: Acoustics
subject: Aerodynamics
subject: CFD
subject: Computation

description: An in-house acoustics code, ACUM, was used in conjunction with full vehicle CFD/CSD coupling to create a computational aeroacoustic framework to investigate the effect of aerodynamic interactions on the acoustic prediction of a compound coaxial helicopter. The full vehicle CFD/CSD was accomplished by using a high- fidelity computational fluid dynamics framework, HPCMP CREATETM-AV Helios, combined with an in-house computational structural dynamics solver to simulate the helicopter in steady forward flight. A notional X2TD helicopter consisting of a coaxial rotor, airframe, and pusher propeller was used and split into three simulation cases: isolated coaxial and propeller, airframe and full helicopter configuration to investigate each component’s effect on the others noise as well as the total noise. The primary impact on the acoustic prediction was the inclusion of the airframe in the CFD simulation as it affected both coaxial rotors as well as the propeller. It was found that the propeller and coaxial rotors had a negligible impact on each other.
Signatures of a two million year old supernova in the spectra of cosmic ray protons, antiprotons and positrons
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Neronov, A.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The locally observed cosmic ray spectrum has several puzzling features, such as the excess of positrons and antiprotons above $\sim 20$ GeV and the discrepancy in the slopes of the spectra of cosmic ray protons and heavier nuclei in the TeV-PeV energy range. We show that these features are consistently explained by a nearby source which was active $\sim 2$ Myr ago and has injected $(1-2)\times 10^{50}$ erg in cosmic rays. The transient nature of the source and its overall energy budget point to the supernova origin of this local cosmic ray source. The age of the supernova suggests that the local cosmic ray injection was produced by the same supernova that has deposited $^{60}$Fe isotopes in the deep ocean crust.
description: 5+2 pages, 3+1 eps figures; v2: reshuffled figures, minor rewording and added supplementary material; to appear in PRL
GlassMessaging: Supporting Messaging Needs During Daily Activities Using OST-HMDs
Creators: name: Janaka, Nuwan
name: Gao, Jie
name: Zhu, Lin
name: Zhao, Shengdong
name: Lyu, Lan
name: Xu, Peisen
name: Nabokow, Maximilian
name: Wang, Silang
name: Ong, Yanch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The act of communicating with others during routine daily tasks is both common and intuitive for individuals. However, the hands- and eyes-engaged nature of present digital messaging applications makes it difficult to message someone amidst such activities. We introduce GlassMessaging, a messaging application designed for Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Displays (OST-HMDs). It facilitates messaging through both voice and manual inputs, catering to situations where hands and eyes are preoccupied. GlassMessaging was iteratively developed through a formative study identifying current messaging behaviors and challenges in common multitasking with messaging scenarios
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, ACM SUI 2023 (Demo)
Europäische Informationsinfrastruktur: von DRIVER, OpenAIRE, PEER, Europeana und anderen Initiativen mit Beteiligung der Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld
Creators: name: Horstmann, Wolfram
Publisher: name: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur
Year: 2009

description: Das Internet bedingt einen radikalen Wandel des Informationsverhaltens in der Wissenschaft mit sich, auf den auch die infrastrukturellen Einrichtungen der Wissenschaft, etwa Bibliotheken, reagieren. Die Europäische Kommission fördert Vorhaben zum Aufbau einer wissenschaftlichen Informationsinfrastruktur in mehreren Förderprogrammen. Die Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld beteiligt sich an einigen essentiellen Vorhaben und nimmt damit national wie international eine Vorreiterrolle ein, sei es bei der Vernetzung lokaler Wissensspeicher für Publikationen, sog. Repositorien, (Projekte DRIVER und OpenAIRE), gemeinsam mit Verlagen bei Untersuchungen der Auswirkungen dieser neuen Nutzungsformen (Projekt PEER) oder groß angelegten Projekten zur digitalen Überlieferung des Europäischen Kulturgutes (Europeana).
description: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur, Wintersemester 2009/2010
Barium fluoride whispering-gallery-mode disk-resonator with one billion quality-factor
Creators: name: Lin, Guoping
name: Diallo, Souleymane
name: Henriet, Rémi
name: Jacquot, Maxime
name: Chembo, Yanne K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a monolithic optical whispering gallery mode resonator fabricated with barium fluoride (BaF$_2$) with an ultra-high quality ($Q$) factor above $10^9$ at $1550$ nm, and measured with both the linewidth and cavity-ring-down methods. Vertical scanning optical profilometry shows that the root mean square surface roughness of $2$ nm is achieved for our mm-size disk. To the best of our knowledge, we show for the first time that one billion $Q$-factor is achievable by precision polishing in relatively soft crystals with mohs hardness of ~$3$. We show that complex thermo-optical dynamics can take place in these resonators. Beside usual applications in nonlinear optics and microwave photonics, high energy particle scintillation detection utilizing monolithic BaF$_2$ resonators potentially becomes feasible.
Towards a feasible implementation of quantum neural networks using quantum dots
Creators: name: Altaisky, Mikhail V.
name: Zolnikova, Nadezhda N.
name: Kaputkina, Natalia E.
name: Krylov, Victor A.
name: Lozovik, Yurii E.
name: Dattani, Nikesh S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an implementation of quantum neural networks using an array of quantum dots with dipole-dipole interactions. We demonstrate that this implementation is both feasible and versatile by studying it within the framework of GaAs based quantum dot qubits coupled to a reservoir of acoustic phonons. Using numerically exact Feynman integral calculations, we have found that the quantum coherence in our neural networks survive for over a hundred ps even at liquid nitrogen temperatures (77 K), which is three orders of magnitude higher than current implementations which are based on SQUID-based systems operating at temperatures in the mK range.
description: revtex, 5 pages, 2 eps figures
Spatial and Temporal Variability in Suspended Sediment Characteristics in the Surface Layer of the Upper Chesapeake Bay
Creators: name: Barletta, Stephanie Marie
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Marine geology
subject: Sedimentary geology
subject: Environmental geology
subject: Chesapeake
subject: particle
subject: settling
subject: surface
subject: suspended
subject: transport

description: Periodic high discharge events flush suspended sediments from the Susquehanna River and Conowingo Dam reservoir into the upper Chesapeake Bay, which extends from the mouth of the Susquehanna River to the Bay Bridge near Annapolis, MD. Sediment characteristics in the surface layer of the upper Bay and changes in these characteristics with varying river discharge and distance downstream are not well known. In order to develop an integrated understanding of surface layer sediment dynamics, several in-situ data sets were examined at the Bay head and downstream along the Bay’s center channel, providing data on the spatial and temporal variability of suspended particle characteristics including concentration, settling speed, bulk density, and size. It was found that particles are entirely disaggregated at the Dam, later aggregating to a limited extent down Bay, and that downstream characteristics are more weakly linked to Susquehanna flow at lower flows and longer distances.
RESILIENCE ASSESSMENT OF SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
Creators: name: Saleem, Sally Adnan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This thesis proposes a discrete event simulation model to investigate the complex interactions among supply chain components and infrastructure (1) under normal conditions when the facility can maintain the continuity of its performance under uncertainty and (2) under disruption scenarios. The model shows the flow of the risk in the supply chain. A special focus is given to risks from both (1) the reliability of infrastructure affecting materials necessary to produce a final product and (2) failures of infrastructure that support the transportation of materials. Bayesian network provides necessary models to analyze the different types of infrastructure supporting the supply chain, including dependencies, in simplified terms. This thesis provides a quantitative assessment of supply chain resilience to characterize the impact of events that threaten supply chains due to uncertainty in infrastructure performance, including potential infrastructure failures. Results were used to demonstrate the development of mitigation plans to reduce the impact of infrastructure disruption on the supply chain to overcome the possible risks associated with infrastructure failure.
Automatische Klassifizierung von Metadaten mit linguistischen Methoden, DFG-Projekt
Creators: name: Loesch, Mathias
Publisher: name: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur
Year: 2009

description: Die Recherche nach Fachinformation in elektronischen Informationssystemen ist aus Wissenschaft und Forschung nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die Qualität der Sacherschließungsinformationen in diesen Systemen ist dabei von entscheidender Bedeutung. Techniken wie etwa semantische Suche oder semantisches Browsing können nur mit standardisierter Erschließung realisiert werden. Der Vortrag behandelt die Normalisierung von Sacherschließungsinformationen in OAI-Metadaten durch automatische Klassifikation nach der Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Nach einem Überblick über Motivation, Ist-Zustand und Projektziele wird das Klassifikationsverfahren erläutert und ein Ausblick auf die weiteren Projektaktivitäten gegeben.
description: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur, Wintersemester 2009/2010
title: Μελέτη και κατασκευή ψηφιακά καθοδηγούμενης φραίζας (CNC)
title: Design and construction of a CNC milling machine
Creators: name: Καλπυρης Νικολαος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά τη μελέτη και κατασκευή μίας ψηφιακά καθοδηγούμενης εργαλειομηχανής (CNC) για φραιζάρισμα (milling/routing). Η κατασκευή θα συνοδεύεται και από αντίστοιχο control καθοδήγησης για τον προγραμματισμό των κινήσεων.
Συγκεκριμένα:
Το πρώτο στάδιο της εργασίας θα αφορά τον σχεδιασμό και την κατασκευή της εργαλειομηχανής, όπου θα παρουσιαστεί αναλυτικά το κάθε βήμα της κατασκευής.
Στο δεύτερο στάδιο της εργασίας θα υλοποιηθεί ο προγραμματισμός και η χρήση της εργαλειομηχανής, όπου θα εκπονηθεί και αντίστοιχος οδηγός χρήσης (manual) για τον χειρισμό της.
Τέλος, στο τρίτο στάδιο της εργασίας, θα διεξαχθούν πειράματα για να καθοριστούν οι κοπτικές ικανότητες της εργαλειομηχανής, σε σχέση με διαφορετικά κατεργαζόμενα υλικά.
Hanayo: Harnessing Wave-like Pipeline Parallelism for Enhanced Large Model Training Efficiency
Creators: name: Liu, Ziming
name: Cheng, Shenggan
name: Zhou, Haotian
name: You, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11; C.1.4

description: Large-scale language models have become increasingly challenging and expensive to train. Among various methods addressing this issue, Pipeline Parallelism has been widely employed to accommodate massive model weights within limited GPU memory. This paper introduces Hanayo, a wave-like pipeline parallelism strategy that boasts a concise structure and practical applicability, alongside a high-performance pipeline execution runtime to tackle the challenges of pipeline strategy implementation. Hanayo mitigates the issues of pipeline bubbles and excessive memory consumption prevalent in existing schemes, without resorting to model duplicates as in Chimera. Our evaluation, conducted on four distinct computing clusters and involving both GPT-like and BERT-like architectures with up to 32 GPUs, demonstrates up to a 30.4 \% increase in throughput compared to the state-of-the-art approach.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. This paper has been accepted by SC23(The International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis). The information can be seen at https://sc23.supercomputing.org/presentation/?id=pap352&sess=sess168
The phase transition of the first order in the critical region of the gas-liquid system
Creators: name: Yukhnovskii, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a summarising investigation of the events of the phase transition of the first order that occur in the critical region below the liquid-gas critical point. The grand partition function has been completely integrated in the phase-space of the collective variables. The basic density measure is the quartic one. It has the form of the exponent function with the first, second, third and fourth degree of the collective variables. The problem has been reduced to the Ising model in an external field, the role of which is played by the generalised chemical potential $μ^*$. The line $μ^*(η) =0$, where $η$ is the density, is the line of the phase transition. We consider the isothermal compression of the gas till the point where the phase transition on the line $μ^*(η) =0$ is reached. When the path of the pressing reaches the line $μ^* =0$ in the gas medium, a droplet of liquid springs up. The work for its formation is obtained, the surface-tension energy is calculated. On the line $μ^* =0$ we have a two-phase system: the gas and the liquid (the droplet) one. The equality of the gas and of the liquid chemical potentials is proved. The process of pressing is going on. But the pressure inside the system has stopped, two fixed densities have arisen: one for the gas-phase $η_{g} = η_{c} ( 1 - {d}/{2})$ and the other for the liquid-phase $η_{l} = η_{c} (1 + {d}/{2} )$ (symmetrically to the rectlinear diameter), where $η_{c} = 0.13044$ is the critical density. Starting from that moment the external pressure works as a latent work of pressure. Its value is obtained. As a result, the gas-phase disappears and the whole system turns into liquid. The jump of the density is equal to $η_{c} d$, where $d = \sqrt{{D}/{2G}} \sim τ^{ν/2}$. $D$ and $G$ are coefficients of the Hamiltonian in the last cell connected with the renormalisation-group symmetry.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures
Influence of Storage and Preservation Techniques on Egg-Derived Carotenoids: A Substantial Source for Cutaneous Antioxidants
Creators: name: Painsi, Clemens
name: Hesterberg, Karoline
name: Lademann, Jürgen
name: Knorr, Dietrich
name: Patzelt, Alexa
name: Vandersee, Staffan
name: Meinke, Martina C.
name: Richter, Heike
name: Bob, Adrienne
name: Knorr, Fanny
name: Quehenberger, Franz
name: Lange-Asschenfeldt, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Antioxidants
subject: Carotenoids
subject: Free radicals
subject: Eggs
subject: Resonance Raman spectroscopy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Antioxidants like carotenoids play a major role in the prevention of the destructive influence of free radicals in our skin. Carotenoids, as well as all other antioxidants, are substantial substances which must be supplied by nutrition. Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) allows measurement of the carotenoid content of eggs, representing a rich carotenoid source in our nutrition. A previous study showed that eggs from organic production contain higher carotenoid levels in contrast to eggs from conventionally housed chicken. The uptake of these organically produced eggs led to an increased antioxidant concentration in the skin. In this study, the effects of different storage modalities, conservation techniques, and the effects of food processing on the carotenoid levels in eggs were investigated with RRS. Common storage modalities and preservation techniques showed only a limited influence on egg-derived carotenoid concentrations. However, a colder environment (at least for shell eggs) and high-pressure preservation had the best preservative influence on the carotenoid content. Surprisingly, food processing such as boiling increased the carotenoid concentration in eggs, whilst broiling destroyed the carotenoids almost completely. In conclusion, RRS is suitable for monitoring egg-derived carotenoid levels, and carotenoid levels in eggs are generally stable under common storage and preservation modalities. Boiling in contrast to broiling of eggs might be superior in terms of carotenoid preservation within food processing.
Co-producing Environmental Knowledge with Community Stakeholders
Creators: name: Todd-Rodriguez, Alana
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental studies
subject: Sustainability
subject: Natural resource management
subject: applied research
subject: community
subject: knowledge co-production
subject: Science-society interface
subject: traditional ecological knowledge
subject: Transdisciplinary

description: To generate robust and integrated solutions to complex sustainability problems requires the co-production of environmental knowledge. Co-production focuses on the socio-ecological contexts and knowledge forms of diverse actors in iterative dialogue to collectively generate new knowledge and practices relevant to societal challenges and decision-making. Despite its growing popularity, there remain a range of challenges and structural barriers obstructing the inclusion of local communities and place-based knowledge in co-producing environmental research and management. This thesis presents results from a comprehensive review of the co-production literature in general and focuses in particular on case studies where local environmental knowledge and stakeholders are included within the co-production process. Key findings suggest that additional attention to institutional capacity constraints, such as socio-political processes, space, funding, timing, and facilitation, as well as power and inclusion constraints, such as representation and knowledge, provide opportunities for increased integration of local environmental knowledge in the co-production process.
Dynamic Clustering in Suspension of Motile Bacteria
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao
name: Yang, Xiang
name: Yang, Mingcheng
name: Zhang, Hepeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacteria suspension exhibits a wide range of collective phenomena arising from interactions between individual cells. Here we show Serratia marcescens cells near an air-liquid interface spontaneously aggregate into dynamic clusters through surface-mediated hydrodynamic interactions. These long-lived clusters translate randomly and rotate in the counter-clockwise direction; they continuously evolve, merge with others and split into smaller ones. Measurements indicate that long-ranged hydrodynamic interactions have strong influences on cluster properties. Bacterial clusters change material and fluid transport near the interface and hence may have environmental and biological consequences.
description: 4 figures
Noninvasive Determination of Epidermal and Stratum Corneum Thickness in vivo Using Two-Photon Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography: Impact of Body Area, Age, and Gender
Creators: name: Czekalla, Carolin
name: Schönborn, Karl Heinz
name: Lademann, Jürgen
name: Meinke, Martina C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Two-photon microscopy
subject: Optical coherence tomography
subject: Epidermal thickness
subject: Stratum corneum
subject: Auto fluorescence
subject: Second harmonic generation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: High-resolution images of the epidermis are important to understand the transdermal penetration and changes in epidermal components. Both ex vivo and in vivo technologies are available to picture the epidermal thickness (ET). So far, the illustration of the stratum corneum (SC) has not been possible without artifacts. Objective: Precision in vivo measurement of the ET and SC, duly considering the impact of location on the body, age, and gender. Methods: In this pilot study on 20 skin-healthy subjects aged 18-66 years, the ET was imaged by two-photon microscopy (2PM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the SC by using 2PM at five different body sites. Results: On solar-exposed body areas, both the epidermis and SC are thicker compared to solar-protected areas (p < 0.05), the epidermis at the gluteal region being the thickest (p < 0.05). The ET decreases with age (p < 0.05). Males show a thicker epidermis than females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: 2PM provides a noninvasive method for imaging the epidermis and especially the SC in vivo and is optimally suited for the application of histological criteria.
Single-Pass Albumin Dialysis in the Treatment of Children with Liver Failure
Creators: name: Holle, Johannes
name: Gratopp, Alexander
name: Balmer, Sophie
name: Varnholt, Verena
name: Henning, Stephan
name: Bufler, Philip
name: Müller, Dominik
name: Rosenfeld, Leonard
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Liver failure
subject: Liver transplantation
subject: Liver support therapy
subject: Chronic liver failure
subject: Hepatic encephalopathy
subject: Albumin dialysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background and Aims: Acute and acute on chronic liver failure are life-threatening conditions, and bridging to transplantation is complicated by a paucity of suitable organs for children. While different modalities of extracorporeal liver support exist, their use in children is complicated by a large extracorporeal volume, and data on their use in children is limited. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the efficacy and safety of single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD) in children with liver failure. Methods: Retrospective medical chart review of pediatric patients with liver failure treated with SPAD. The decrease in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and the serum levels of bilirubin and ammonia were measured to determine efficacy. Adverse events were documented to assess safety. Results: Nineteen pediatric patients with a median age of 25.5 months and a median body weight of 11.9 kg were treated with SPAD between January 2011 and March 2018. Total bilirubin (p < 0.001) and ammonia (p = 0.02) significantly decreased after treatment with SPAD. As clinical outcome parameter, HE significantly improved (p = 0.001). Twelve patients were bridged successfully to liver transplantation. In all patients, 71 SPAD sessions were run. Clotting in the dialysis circuit was observed in 49% of all sessions. Heparin and citrate were used for anticoagulation and were significantly superior to dialysis without any anticoagulation (p= 0.03). Transfusion of packed blood cells (57%) and catecholamine therapy (49%) were frequently necessary. Conclusions: Treatment with SPAD was effective in detoxification, as measured by significant improvement of HE and clearance from surrogate laboratory parameters.
D6.5 Sustainability Plan
Creators: name: Niccolucci, Franco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology
Sustainability

description: This deliverable describes the ARIADNEplus project sustainability plan. Firstly, it examines the nature and requirements of the services provided by the project and describes the possible scenarios after the end of the funded period. It indicates that even if the Catalogue and the Portal may continue working, no action will cause the rapid obsolescence of the ARIADNE Catalogue. Then it describes the situation at the end of the funded period and the possible scenarios for the provision of the services developed within ARIADNEplus. Finally, the deliverable describes the actions undertaken by the project to guarantee the continuity of the services, most notably the availability of the ARIADNE Portal and the related search function in the ARIADNE Catalogue. It illustrates how the creation of a legal body, the ARIADNE Research Infrastructure – in brief ARIADNE RI – Association, will guarantee the continuation of the ARIADNEplus services even if no other funding source is secured.
Suppression of superconductivity and structural phase transition against pressure in Ca$_{10}$(Ir$_{4}$As$_{8}$)(Fe$_{2-x}$Ir$_{x}$As$_{2}$)$_{5}$
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Shunsaku
name: Araki, Shingo
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo C.
name: Ishii, Hiroyuki
name: Fujimura, Kazunori
name: Mitsuoka, Daisuke
name: Kudo, Kazutaka
name: Nohara, Minoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the pressure dependence of in-plane resistivity $ρ_{ab}$ in the recently-discovered iron-based superconductor Ca$_{10}$(Ir$_{4}$As$_{8}$)(Fe$_{2-x}$Ir$_{x}$As$_{2}$)$_{5}$, which shows a unique structural phase transition in the absence of magnetic ordering, with a superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ = 16 K and structural phase transition temperature $T_{\rm s}$ $\simeq$ 100 K at ambient pressure. $T_{\rm c}$ and $T_{\rm s}$ are suppressed on applying pressure and disappear at approximately 0.5 GPa, suggesting a relationship between superconductivity and structure. Ca$_{10}$(Ir$_{4}$As$_{8}$)(Fe$_{2-x}$Ir$_{x}$As$_{2}$)$_{5}$ is a rather rare example in which the superconductivity appears only in a low-temperature ordered phase. The fact that the change in the crystal structure is directly linked with superconductivity suggests that the crystal structure as well as magnetism are important factors governing superconductivity in iron pnictides.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Sociotechnical Audits: Broadening the Algorithm Auditing Lens to Investigate Targeted Advertising
Creators: name: Lam, Michelle S.
name: Pandit, Ayush
name: Kalicki, Colin H.
name: Gupta, Rachit
name: Sahoo, Poonam
name: Metaxa, Danaë
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithm audits are powerful tools for studying black-box systems. While very effective in examining technical components, the method stops short of a sociotechnical frame, which would also consider users as an integral and dynamic part of the system. Addressing this gap, we propose the concept of sociotechnical auditing: auditing methods that evaluate algorithmic systems at the sociotechnical level, focusing on the interplay between algorithms and users as each impacts the other. Just as algorithm audits probe an algorithm with varied inputs and observe outputs, a sociotechnical audit (STA) additionally probes users, exposing them to different algorithmic behavior and measuring resulting attitudes and behaviors. To instantiate this method, we develop Intervenr, a platform for conducting browser-based, longitudinal sociotechnical audits with consenting, compensated participants. Intervenr investigates the algorithmic content users encounter online and coordinates systematic client-side interventions to understand how users change in response. As a case study, we deploy Intervenr in a two-week sociotechnical audit of online advertising (N=244) to investigate the central premise that personalized ad targeting is more effective on users. In the first week, we collect all browser ads delivered to users, and in the second, we deploy an ablation-style intervention that disrupts normal targeting by randomly pairing participants and swapping all their ads. We collect user-oriented metrics (self-reported ad interest and feeling of representation) and advertiser-oriented metrics (ad views, clicks, and recognition) throughout, along with a total of over 500,000 ads. Our STA finds that targeted ads indeed perform better with users, but also that users begin to acclimate to different ads in only a week, casting doubt on the primacy of personalized ad targeting given the impact of repeated exposure.
description: To appear at CSCW 2023