cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radiative Efficiency of Disk Accretion in Individual SDSS QSOs
Creators: name: Wu, Shumei
name: Lu, Youjun
name: Zhang, Fupeng
name: Lu, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the radiative efficiency (epsilon) of individual type 1 SDSS QSOs by using their bolometric luminosities (L_{bol}) and accretion rates (\dot{M}_{\bullet,acc}), which may be related to the assembly histories and spins of the central massive black holes (MBHs). We estimate L_{bol} by using the empirical spectral energy distributions of QSOs and \dot{M}_{\bullet,acc} by fitting the observed optical luminosity(/-ies) with the thin accretion disk model, assuming the MBH masses given by the virial mass estimator(s) (M_{\bullet,vir}). We find an apparent correlation between epsilon and M_{\bullet,vir}, which is strong at redshift z \la 1.8, weak at z \ga 2, and consistent with that found by Davis & Laor (2011) for 80 PG QSOs at z \leq 0.5. To investigate whether this correlation is intrinsic or not, we construct a mock sample of QSOs according to the true MBH mass and Eddington ratio distributions given in Kelly & Shen (2013). By comparing the results obtained from the mock sample with that from the SDSS sample, we demonstrate that the apparent epsilon-M_{\bullet,vir} correlation can be produced by and mainly due to the selection effects of the SDSS sample and the bias induced by the usage of M_{\bullet,vir} as the true MBH mass. The mean values of epsilon of those SDSS QSOs are consistent with being a constant \simeq 0.11-0.16 over the redshift range of 0.3 \la z \la 4. We conclude that the current SDSS QSO data is consistent with no strong intrinsic correlation between radiative efficiency and true MBH mass and no significant redshift evolution of radiative efficiencies.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Predicting how nanoconfinement changes the relaxation time of a supercooled liquid
Creators: name: Ingebrigtsen, Trond S.
name: Errington, Jeffrey R.
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of nanoconfined fluids can be strikingly different from those of bulk liquids. A basic unanswered question is whether the equilibrium and dynamic consequences of confinement are related to each other in a simple way. We study this question by simulation of a liquid comprising asymmetric dumbbell-shaped molecules, which can be deeply supercooled without crystallizing. We find that the dimensionless structural relaxation times - spanning six decades as a function of temperature, density, and degree of confinement - collapse when plotted versus excess entropy. The data also collapse when plotted versus excess isochoric heat capacity, a behaviour that follows from the existence of isomorphs in the bulk and confined states.
description: 8 pages; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. Includes the Supplemental Material
Beurling's Theorem And Invariant Subspaces For The Shift On Hardy Spaces
Creators: name: Qiu, Zhijian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30H05 30E10, 46E15, 47B20

description: Let $G$ be a bounded open subset in the complex plane and let $H^{2}(G)$ denote the Hardy space on $G$. We call a bounded simply connected domain $W$ perfectly connected if the boundary value function of the inverse of the Riemann map from $W$ onto the unit disk $D$ is almost 1-1 rwith respect to the Lebesgure on $\partial D$ and if the Riemann map belongs to the weak-star closure of the polynomials in $H^{\infty}(W)$. Our main theorem states: In order that for each $M\in Lat(M_{z})$, there exist $u\in H^{\infty}(G)$ such that $ M = \vee\{u H^{2}(G)\}$, it is necessary and sufficient that the following hold: 1) Each component of $G$ is a perfectly connected domain. 2) The harmonic measures of the components of $G$ are mutually singular. 3) % $P^{\infty}(ω) The set of polynomials is weak-star dense in $ H^{\infty}(G)$. \noindent Moreover, if $G$ satisfies these conditions, then every $M\in Lat(M_{z})$ is of the form $u H^{2}(G)$, where %$u\in H^{\infty}(G)$ and the restriction of $u$ to each of the components of $G$ is either an inner function or zero.
The Fixed-Point Theory of Strictly Contracting Functions on Generalized Ultrametric Semilattices
Creators: name: Matsikoudis, Eleftherios
name: Lee, Edward A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new class of abstract structures, which we call generalized ultrametric semilattices, and in which the meet operation of the semilattice coexists with a generalized distance function in a tightly coordinated way. We prove a constructive fixed-point theorem for strictly contracting functions on directed-complete generalized ultrametric semilattices, and introduce a corresponding induction principle. We cite examples of application in the semantics of logic programming and timed computation, where, until now, the only tool available has been the non-constructive fixed-point theorem of Priess-Crampe and Ribenboim for strictly contracting functions on spherically complete generalized ultrametric semilattices.
description: In Proceedings FICS 2013, arXiv:1308.5896
Informed or misinformed consent and use of modified texture diets in dysphagia
Creators: name: O' Keeffe, Shaun T.
name: Leslie, Paula
name: Lazenby‑Paterson, Tracy
name: MC CURTIN, ARLENE
name: Collins, Lindsey
name: Murray, Aoife
name: Smith, Alison
name: Mulkerrin, Siofra
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background Use of modifed texture diets—thickening of liquids and modifying the texture of foods—in the hope of preventing aspiration, pneumonia and choking, has become central to the current management of dysphagia. The efectiveness of this intervention has been questioned. We examine requirements for a valid informed consent pro‑ cess for this approach and whether the need for informed consent for this treatment is always understood or applied by practitioners. Main text Valid informed consent requires provision of accurate and balanced information, and that agreement is given freely by someone who knows they have a choice. Current evidence, including surveys of practitioners and patients in diferent settings, suggests that practice in this area is often inadequate. This may be due to patients’ communication difculties but also poor communication—and no real attempt to obtain consent—by practitioners before people are ‘put on’ modifed texture diets. Even where discussion occurs, recommendations may be infu‑ enced by professional misconceptions about the efcacy of this treatment, which in turn may poison the well for the informed consent process. Patients cannot make appropriate decisions for themselves if the information provided is fawed and unbalanced. The voluntariness of patients’ decisions is also questionable if they are told ‘you must’, when ‘you might consider’ is more appropriate. Where the decision-making capacity of patients is in question, inappropriate judgements and recommendations may be made by substitute decision makers and courts unless based on accurate information. Conclusion Research is required to examine the informed consent processes in diferent settings, but there is ample reason to suggest that current practice in this area is suboptimal. Staf need to refect on their current practice regarding use of modifed texture diets with an awareness of the current evidence and through the ‘lens’ of informed consent. Education is required for staf to clarify the importance of, and requirements for, valid informed consent and for decision making that refects people’s preferences and values.
217 km long distance photon-counting optical time-domain reflectometry based on ultra-low noise up-conversion single photon detector
Creators: name: Shentu, Guo-Liang
name: Sun, Qi-Chao
name: Jiang, Xiao
name: Wang, Xiao-Dong
name: Pelc, Jason S.
name: Fejer, M. M.
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a photon-counting optical time-domain reflectometry with 42.19 dB dynamic range using an ultra-low noise up-conversion single photon detector. By employing the long wave pump technique and a volume Bragg grating, we reduce the noise of our up-conversion single photon detector, and achieve a noise equivalent power of -139.7 dBm/sqrt(Hz). We perform the OTDR experiments using a fiber of length 216.95 km, and show that our system can identify defects along the entire fiber length with a distance resolution better than 10 cm in a measurement time of 13 minutes.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Guard Your Daggers and Traces: On The Equational Properties of Guarded (Co-)recursion
Creators: name: Milius, Stefan
name: Litak, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2

description: Motivated by the recent interest in models of guarded (co-)recursion we study its equational properties. We formulate axioms for guarded fixpoint operators generalizing the axioms of iteration theories of Bloom and Esik. Models of these axioms include both standard (e.g., cpo-based) models of iteration theories and models of guarded recursion such as complete metric spaces or the topos of trees studied by Birkedal et al. We show that the standard result on the satisfaction of all Conway axioms by a unique dagger operation generalizes to the guarded setting. We also introduce the notion of guarded trace operator on a category, and we prove that guarded trace and guarded fixpoint operators are in one-to-one correspondence. Our results are intended as first steps leading to the description of classifying theories for guarded recursion and hence completeness results involving our axioms of guarded fixpoint operators in future work.
description: In Proceedings FICS 2013, arXiv:1308.5896
Synthetic spin-orbit interactions and magnetic fields in ring-cavity QED
Creators: name: Mivehvar, Farokh
name: Feder, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interactions between light and matter are strongly enhanced when atoms are placed in high-finesse quantum cavities, offering tantalizing opportunities for generating exotic new quantum phases. In this work we show that both spin-orbit interactions and strong synthetic magnetic fields result when a neutral atom is confined within a ring cavity, whenever the internal atomic states are coupled to two off-resonant counter-propagating modes. We diagonalize the resulting cavity polariton Hamiltonian and find characteristic spin-orbit dispersion relations for a wide range of parameters. An adjustable uniform gauge potential is also generated, which can be converted into a synthetic magnetic field for neutral atoms by applying an external magnetic field gradient. Very large synthetic magnetic fields are possible as the strength is proportional to the (average) number of photons in each of the cavity modes. The results suggest that strong-coupling cavity quantum electrodynamics can be a useful environment for the formation of topological states in atomic systems.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Strongly Coupled Diamond Spin Qubits by Molecular Nitrogen Implantation
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Takashi
name: Müller, Christoph
name: McGuinness, Liam P.
name: Teraji, Tokuyuki
name: Naydenov, Boris
name: Onoda, Shinobu
name: Ohshima, Takeshi
name: Wrachtrup, Jörg
name: Jelezko, Fedor
name: Isoya, Junichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionized nitrogen molecules ($^{15}$N$_{2}^+$) are used as efficient point sources for creating NV$^-$ pairs in diamond with nanoscale spatial separation and up to 55 kHz magnetic coupling strength. Co-implantation of $^{12}$C$^+$ increased the yield of pairs, and a $^{13}$C-depleted diamond allowed 0.65 ms coherence times to be obtained. Further coupling to a third dark spin provided a strongly coupled three spin register. These results mark an important step towards realization of multi-qubit systems and scalable NV$^-$ quantum registers.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review B: rapid communications
Rechtspopulistische Parteien in Zeiten der Energiewende: Eine Vergleichende Analyse
Creators: name: Schmitter, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Energiewende, Klimapolitik, Klimaskepsis, Rechtspopulismus, rechtspopulistische Parteien

description: Vorliegende Arbeit soll mithilfe einer Vergleichenden Analyse einen Beitrag an die Forschung zur Haltung rechtpopulistischer Parteien bezüglich Massnahmen gegen den Klimawandel und der Förderung von erneuerbaren Energien leisten. Dies ist hauptsächlich relevant, da sich in den Resultaten bisheriger Forschung oft Unterschiede ergaben und sich mit der Zeit, wie auch mit ändernden geopolitischen Situationen, die Haltung rechtspopulistischer Parteien verändern könnte. Dies unterstreicht den Mehrwert aktueller Befunde dazu. Konkret werden dabei drei rechtspopulistische Parteien des deutschsprachigen Raums; die Schweizerische Volkspartei, die Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, sowie die Alternative für Deutschland zu ihrer Haltung in Klima- und Energiefragen untersucht. Dabei wird ein besonderer Fokus darauf gelegt, welche Argumentationen diese drei Parteien gegen erwähnte Massnahmen in die Debatte einbringen. Mit dem Fokus auf den deutschsprachigen Raum kann dabei ein Teil der westeuropäischen Landschaft rechtspopulistischer Parteien abgedeckt werden. Die Resultate zeigen einerseits, dass der Klimawandel an sich nur vereinzelt von der AfD und der FPÖ geleugnet wird und, dass andererseits allen drei Parteien eine gewisse Skepsis gegenüber der Rolle des Menschen im Klimawandel unterstellt werden kann. Letzteres scheint aber in den letzten Jahren tendenziell abzunehmen. An erster Stelle spielen ökonomische und liberale Argumente eine Rolle, wobei die Ablehnung der Kosten bei allen drei Parteien an der Spitze des Argumentariums steht. Weiter wird argumentiert, dass die Ergreifung von Massnahmen keinen Sinn mache, solange Grossemittenten, wie China und die USA, «untätig» blieben. Die kernkraftfreundliche SVP sowie die AfD, welche Kohle, Gas und Kernkraft als Stromerzeugungsformen unterstützt, lehnen die erneuerbaren Energien, wie Windkraft und Solarenergie, weitgehend aus Gründen der Versorgungssicherheit und Energieautarkie, ab. Demgegenüber steht die FPÖ, welche sich gegen Kohle- und Kernkraft abgrenzt und erneuerbare Energien zur Reduzierung der Auslandabhängigkeit unterstützt. Bei der Ablehnung der Energieerzeugung mit Gas zeigt sich in den letzten Jahren aufgrund der Versorgungssicherheit ein Wandel. Abgesehen vom Abklingen der Klimaskepsis, veränderten sich die Argumentarien zwischen Januar 2013 und Juli 2022 jedoch kaum.
Łukasiewicz mu-Calculus
Creators: name: Mio, Matteo
name: Simpson, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper explores properties of Łukasiewicz mu-calculus, a version of the quantitative/probabilistic modal mu-calculus containing both weak and strong conjunctions and disjunctions from Łukasiewicz (fuzzy) logic. We show that this logic encodes the well-known probabilistic temporal logic PCTL. And we give a model-checking algorithm for computing the rational denotational value of a formula at any state in a finite rational probabilistic nondeterministic transition system.
description: In Proceedings FICS 2013, arXiv:1308.5896
Search of double shell closure in the superheavy nuclei using a simple effective interaction
Creators: name: Biswal, S. K.
name: Bhuyan, M.
name: Singh, S. K.
name: Patra, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper refers to an another attempt to search for spherical double shell closure nu- clei beyond Z=82, N=126. All calculations and results are based on a newly developed approach entitled as simple effective interaction. Our results predict the combination of magic nucleus occurs at N=182 (Z=114,120,126). All possible evidences for the oc- currence of magic nuclei are discussed systematically. And, the obtained results for all observables compared with the relativistic mean field theory for NL3 parameter.
description: 15 pages, 07 Figures, 02 Tables
Galactic Constraints on Supernova Progenitor Models
Creators: name: Acharova, I.
name: Gibson, B.
name: Mishurov, Yu.
name: Kovtyukh, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertake a statistical analysis of the radial abundance distributions in the Galactic disk within a theoretical framework for Galactic chemical evolution which incorporates the influence of spiral arms. 1) The mean mass of oxygen ejected per core-collapse SNe (CC SNe) event (which are concentrated within spiral arms) is $\sim$0.27 M$_{\odot}$; 2) the mean mass of iron ejected by `tardy' Type Ia SNe (SNeIa; progenitors of whom are older/longer-lived stars with ages $\simgt$100 Myr and up to several Gyr, which do not concentrate within spiral arms) is $\sim$0.58 M$_{\odot}$; 3) the upper mass of iron ejected by prompt SNeIa (SNe whose progenitors are younger/shorter-lived stars with ages $\simlt$100 Myr, which are concentrated within spiral arms) is $\leq$0.23 M$_{\odot}$ per event; 4) the corresponding mean mass of iron produced by CC SNe is $\leq$0.04 M$_{\odot}$ per event; (v) short-lived SNe (core-collapse or prompt SNeIa) supply $\sim$85% of the Galactic disk's iron. The inferred low mean mass of oxygen ejected per CC SNe event implies a low upper mass limit for the corresponding progenitors of $\sim$23 M$_{\odot}$, otherwise the Galactic disk would be overabundant in oxygen. The low mean mass of iron ejected by prompt SNeIa, relative to the mass produced by tardy SNeIa ($\sim$2.5 times lower), prejudices the idea that both sub-populations of SNeIa have the same physical nature. We suggest that, perhaps, prompt SNeIa are more akin to CC SNe, and discuss the implications of such a suggestion.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Structure, elastic and dynamical properties of KN$_3$ and RbN$_3$: A van der Waals density functional study
Creators: name: Babu, K. Ramesh
name: Vaitheeswaran, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed first principles study on the structural, elastic, vibrational and thermodynamic properties of layered structure energetic alkali metal azides KN$_3$ and RbN$_3$. All the calculations were carried out by means of plane wave pseudopotential method with and without including van der Waals interactions. The calculated ground state structural properties are improved to a greater extent by the inclusion of dispersion corrections, implies that the van der Waals interactions play a major role on the physical properties of these systems. The elastic constants and the related bulk mechanical properties for the tetragonal KN$_3$ and RbN$_3$ have been calculated using both the methods and found that the compounds are mechanically stable systems. The magnitude of the calculated elastic constants increases in the order RbN$_3$ $
description: 8 Figures
Two-Hop Interference Channels: Impact of Linear Schemes
Creators: name: Issa, Ibrahim
name: Fong, Silas L.
name: Avestimehr, A. Salman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the two-hop interference channel (IC), which consists of two source-destination pairs communicating with each other via two relays. We analyze the degrees of freedom (DoF) of this network when the relays are restricted to perform linear schemes, and the channel gains are constant (i.e., slow fading). We show that, somewhat surprisingly, by using vector-linear strategies at the relays, it is possible to achieve 4/3 sum-DoF when the channel gains are real. The key achievability idea is to alternate relaying coefficients across time, to create different end-to-end interference structures (or topologies) at different times. Although each of these topologies has only 1 sum-DoF, we manage to achieve 4/3 by coding across them. Furthermore, we develop a novel outer bound that matches our achievability, hence characterizing the sum-DoF of two-hop interference channels with linear schemes. As for the case of complex channel gains, we characterize the sum-DoF with linear schemes to be 5/3. We also generalize the results to the multi-antenna setting, characterizing the sum-DoF with linear schemes to be 2M-1/3 (for complex channel gains), where M is the number of antennas at each node.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
THE ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND INTENTION TO USE CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING AND ITS COLLERATES AMONG ARMY WOMEN IN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: BELACHEW KAHASAY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Background: Cervical cancer is a global public health problem & it is the 4th leading cause cancer

morbidity and mortality. Almost 70% of the global burden failed in developing counties. In Ethiopia

cervical cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer mortality. Cervical cancer screening is effective

prevention method can avert >80% morbidity and mortality. However, globally a billion of women

missed this opportunity. Poor utilization of cervical cancer screening was the prominent problem in

developing countries. In Ethiopia cervical cancer screening coverage was 0.6%. Low level of knowledge,

negative attitude and low intention towards cervical cancer screening were among many obstacles that

hider the successfulness of cervical cancer screening on which this study aimed.

Objectives: This study were measure level of knowledge, determine attitude, assess intention to use

cervical cancer screening and identify correlates of intention among army women of Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross sectional study design was used to assess knowledge, attitude, intention towards

cervical cancer screening and its correlates among army women of Ethiopia on April, 2016. Twenty one

posts were included in this study. Single population proportion formula was used to determine the

sample size & a total of 423 samples were taken. Simple random sampling technique was used to select

study participants. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered to

EPI-info -7 & exported into STATA-12 for analysis. Bi-varate analysis was done to find out crude

association between independent & outcome variable. Finally logistic regression analysis was carried

out for those variables had association at <0.05 level of significance at bi-variate analysis.
Hot-electron refluxing enhanced relativistic transparency of overdense plasmas
Creators: name: Yu, Yong
name: Li, Xiao-Ya
name: Chen, Zi-Yu
name: Wang, Jia-Xiang
name: Zhu, Wen-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new phenomenon of enhancing the relativistic transparency of overdense plasmas by the influence of hot-electron refluxing has been found via particle-in-cell simulations. When a p-polarized laser pulse, with intensity below the self-induced-transparency (SIT) threshold, obliquely irradiates a thin overdense plasma, the initially opaque plasma would become transparent after a time interval which linearly relies on the thickness of the plasma. This phenomenon can be interpreted by the influence of hot-electron refluxing. As the laser intensity is higher than the SIT threshold, the penetration velocity of the laser in the plasma is enhanced when the refluxing is presented. Simulation data with ion motion considered is also consistent with the assumption that hot-electron refluxing enhances transparency. These results have potential applications in laser shaping.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Electronic crystals: an experimental overview
Creators: name: Monceau, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reviews the static and dynamic properties of spontaneous superstructures formed by electrons. Representations of such electronic crystals are charge density waves and spin density waves in inorganic as well as organic low dimensional materials. A special attention is paid to the collective effects in pinning and sliding of these superstructures, and the glassy properties at low temperature. Charge order and charge disproportionation which occur in organic materials resulting from correlation effects are analysed. Experiments under magnetic field, and more specifically field-induced charge density waves are discussed. Properties of meso- and nanostructures of charge density waves are also reviewed.
description: 255 pages, 247 figures
The Association of Polar Faculae with Polar Magnetic Patches Examined with Hinode Observations
Creators: name: Kaithakkal, Anjali John
name: Suematsu, Y.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Shiota, D.
name: Tsuneta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of the Sun's polar faculae are investigated with spectropolarimetric observations of the north polar region obtained by the Hinode satellite in 2007 September. Polar faculae are embedded in nearly all magnetic patches with fluxes greater than $10^{18}$ Mx, while magnetic patches without polar faculae dominate in the flux range below $10^{18}$ Mx. The faculae are considerably smaller than their parent patches, and single magnetic patches contain single or multiple faculae. The faculae in general have higher intrinsic magnetic field strengths than the surrounding regions within their parent patches. Less than 20% of the total magnetic flux contributed by the large (${\ge}10^{18}$ Mx) concentrations, which are known to be modulated by the solar cycle, is accounted for by the associated polar faculae.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Computer simulation of a-Si/c-Si heterojunction solar cell with high conversion efficiency
Creators: name: AQing, Chen
name: KaiGui, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The p-type amorphous/ n-type crystalline silicon (P+ a-Si/N+ c-Si) heterojunction was simulated for developing the solar cells with high conversion efficiency and low cost. The characteristic of such cells with different work function of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) were calculated. The energy band structure, quantum efficiency and electric field are analyzed in detail to understand the mechanism of the heterojunction cell. Our results show that the a-Si/c-Si heterojunction is hypersensitive to the TCO work function, and the TCO work function should be large enough in order to achieve high conversion efficiency for P+ a-Si:H/N+ c-Si solar cell. With the optimized parameters set, the P+ a-Si:H/N+ c-Si solar cell reaches a high efficiency (η) up to 21.849% (FF: 0.866, VOC: 0.861 V, JSC: 29.32 mA/cm2).
Environments of Extended Radio Sources in the ATLBS Survey
Creators: name: Thorat, K.
name: Saripalli, L.
name: Subrahmanyan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the environments of extended radio sources in the Australia Telescope Low Brightness Survey (ATLBS). The radio sources were selected from the Extended Source Sample (ATLBS-ESS), which is a well defined sample containing the most extended of radio sources in the ATLBS sky survey regions. The environments were analyzed using 4-m CTIO Blanco telescope observations carried out for ATLBS fields in the SDSS ${\rm r}^{\prime}$ band. We have estimated the properties of the environments using smoothed density maps derived from galaxy catalogs constructed using these optical imaging data. The angular distribution of galaxy density relative to the axes of the radio sources has been quantified by defining anisotropy parameters that are estimated using a new method presented here. Examining the anisotropy parameters for a sub-sample of extended double radio sources that includes all sources with pronounced asymmetry in lobe extents, we find good evidence for environmental anisotropy being the dominant cause for lobe asymmetry in that higher galaxy density occurs almost always on the side of the shorter lobe, and this validates the usefulness of the method proposed and adopted here. The environmental anisotropy parameters have been used to examine and compare the environments of FRI and FRII radio sources in two redshift regimes ($z<0.5$ and $z>0.5$). Wide-angle tail sources and Head-tail sources lie in the most overdense environments. The Head-tail source environments (for the HT sources in our sample) display dipolar anisotropy in that higher galaxy density appears to lie in the direction of the tails. Excluding the Head-tail and Wide-angle tail sources, subsamples of FRI and FRII sources from the ATLBS survey appear to lie in similar moderately overdense environments, with no evidence for redshift evolution in the regimes studied herein.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for Publication in MNRAS, Comments Welcome
Supplementary Material Text and Figures from Archaeological mitogenomes illuminate the historical ecology of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) and the viability of reintroduction
Creators: name: Wellman, Hannah P.
name: Austin, Rita M.
name: Dagtas, Nihan D.
name: Moss, Madonna L.
name: Rick, Torben C.
name: Hofman, Courtney A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary Material Text and Figures
On the filtering effect of iterative regularization algorithms for linear least-squares problems
Creators: name: Cornelio, Anastasia
name: Porta, Federica
name: Prato, Marco
name: Zanni, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F22, 65K05, 90C20

description: Many real-world applications are addressed through a linear least-squares problem formulation, whose solution is calculated by means of an iterative approach. A huge amount of studies has been carried out in the optimization field to provide the fastest methods for the reconstruction of the solution, involving choices of adaptive parameters and scaling matrices. However, in presence of an ill-conditioned model and real data, the need of a regularized solution instead of the least-squares one changed the point of view in favour of iterative algorithms able to combine a fast execution with a stable behaviour with respect to the restoration error. In this paper we want to analyze some classical and recent gradient approaches for the linear least-squares problem by looking at their way of filtering the singular values, showing in particular the effects of scaling matrices and non-negative constraints in recovering the correct filters of the solution.
Looking for the sulfur reservoirs in Taurus protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Cuenda-Muñoz, Diego
name: Rivière-Marichalar, Pablo
name: Fuente, Asunción
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Poster contribution to the SEA XVI Scientific Meeting. Although sulfur is one of the key elements for life, the chemistry of this element in the interstellar medium (ISM) is poorly understood. The sulfur abundance in the diffuse ISM is similar to the cosmic value and the abundance measured in the Solar System, but sulfur is strongly depleted in dense molecular clouds in comparison. Since protoplanetary disks constitute the link between molecular clouds and planetary systems, identifying the sulfur reservoirs in them is vital. If the missing sulfur is locked in the icy grain mantles, sulfur atoms are expected to form H2S preferentially due to the high hydrogen abundance and its mobility in the ice mantle. Thanks to observations with the IRAM 30m telescope, we have detected H2S in 9 of the 19 Taurus young stellar objects observed, providing strong support to that hypothesis. In addition, we have also found evidence of a correlation between H2S and H2CO pointing to a similar origin for both molecules. We conclude that H2S is a prominent reservoir of sulfur in protoplanetary disks.
Spanning Simplicial Ccomplexes of Uni-Cyclic Graphs
Creators: name: Anwar, Imran
name: Raza, Zahid
name: Kashif, Agha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13P10, 13H10, 13F20, 13C14

description: In this paper, we introduce the concept of spanning simplicial complexes $Δ_s(G)$ associated to a simple finite connected graph G. We give the characterization of all spanning trees of the uni-cyclic graph $U_{n,m}$. In particular, we give the formula for computing the Hilbert series and h-vector of the Stanley-Riesner ring k[Δ_s(U_{n,m})]. Finally, we prove that the spanning simplicial complex $Δ_s(U_{n,m})$ is shifted hence $Δ_s(U_{n,m})$ is shellable.
description: to appear in Algebra Colloquium. This paper is included in the Ph.D thesis of the third author
Invariants of wreath products and subgroups of S_6
Creators: name: Kang, Ming-chang
name: Wang, Baoshan
name: Zhou, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a subgroup of $S_6$, the symmetric group of degree 6. For any field $k$, $G$ acts naturally on the rational function field $k(x_1,...,x_6)$ via $k$-automorphisms defined by $σ\cdot x_i=x_{σ(i)}$ for any $σ\in G$, any $1\le i\le 6$. Theorem. The fixed field $k(x_1,...,x_6)^G$ is rational (=purely transcendental) over $k$, except possibly when $G$ is isomorphic to $PSL_2(\bm{F}_5)$, $PGL_2(\bm{F}_5)$ or $A_6$. When $G$ is isomorphic to $PSL_2(\bm{F}_5)$ or $PGL_2(\bm{F}_5)$, then $\bm{C}(x_1,...,x_6)^G$ is $\bm{C}$-rational and $k(x_1,...,x_6)^G$ is stably $k$-rational for any field $k$. The invariant theory of wreath products will be investigated also.
$Λ$CDM-type cosmological model and observational constraints
Creators: name: Goswami, G. K.
name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
name: Mishra, Mandwi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we have searched the existence of $Λ$CDM-type cosmological model in anisotropic Heckmann-Schucking space-time. The matter source that is responsible for the present acceleration of the universe consist of cosmic fluid with $p = ωρ$, where $ω$ is the equation of state parameter. The Einstein's field equations have been solved explicitly under some specific choice of parameters that isotropizes the model under consideration. It has been found that the derived model is in good agreement with recent SN Ia observations. Some physical aspects of the model has been discussed in detail.
description: 11 pages, 3 groups of plots, 2 tables
A novel scheme for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization in optically denser medium
Creators: name: Peng, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate applications of a novel setup which is used for measuring relative phase difference between S and P polarization at oblique incidence point in optically denser medium by analyzing the relative frequency shift of adjacent axial modes of S and P resonances of a monolithic folded Fabry-Perot cavity (MFC). The relative frequency shift of adjacent axial modes of S and P resonances of MFC is around 1.030 GHz for the confocal MFC cavity and 0.3869 GHz for the parallel MFC cavity respectively. The relative phase difference at reflection point A in optically denser medium is inferred to be around -167.4° for confocal cavity and -201.1° for parallel cavity separately. This scheme can be used to measure the relative phase difference in optically denser mediums which is out of measuring range of Ellipsometry.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
The Availability of Logical Operation Induced by Dichotomous Noise for a Nonlinear Bistable System
Creators: name: Xu, Yong
name: Jin, Xiaoqin
name: Zhang, Huiqing
name: Yang, Tingting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instead of a continuous system driven by Gaussian white noise, logical stochastic resonance will be investigated in a nonlinear bistable system with two thresholds driven by dichotomous noise, which shows a phenomenon different from Gaussian white noise. We can realize two parallel logical operations by simply adjusting the values of these two thresholds. Besides, to quantify the reliability of obtaining the correct logic output, we numerically calculate the success probability, and effects of dichotomous noise on the success probability are observed, these observations show that the reliability of realizing logical operation in the bistable system can be improved through optimizing parameters of dichotomous noise.
The Impending Demise of Comet C/2012 S1 ISON
Creators: name: Ferrin, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence to conclude that comet C/2012 S1 ISON is about to turn off or disintegrate.
description: This Letter contains 14 pages and 9 figures
POSSIBILITIES OF TUTORING ACTIVITIES IN ORGANIZING FREE TIME OF STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITIES.
Creators: name: Nurmatova, Madina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Based on the goals of tutoring in family educational organizations, this article outlines considerations for the meaningful and effective organization of students' free time. The article presents tasks and recommendations within the content of the teacher's activities aimed at organizing students' free time.
{\it Ab-initio} study of structural and vibrational properties of KN$_3$ under pressure
Creators: name: Babu, K. Ramesh
name: Vaitheeswaran, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural stability and vibrational properties of KN$_3$ have been studied under pressure using the first principles calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) as well as with semi empirical dispersion correction to the DFT to treat van der Waals interactions. The structural properties calculated through the dispersion correction are in good agreement with the experimental results when compared with the standard density functional theory. The lattice mode and the azide ion bending mode frequencies are found to be well reproduced by our calculations. As pressure increases, the E$_g$ mode gets softened as observed in the experiment. Despite the softening of E$_g$ mode, the enhancement of intramolecular interactions keeps the lattice stable.
description: 5 figures
Single Photoelectron Detection after Selective Excitation of Electron-Heavy Hole and Electron-Light Hole Pairs in Double Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Morimoto, K.
name: Fujita, T.
name: Allison, G.
name: Teraoka, S.
name: Larsson, M.
name: Kiyama, H.
name: Haffouz, S.
name: Austing, D. G.
name: Ludwig, A.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Oiwa, A.
name: Tarucha, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the real-time detection of single photogenerated electrons in two different lateral double quantum dots made in AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells having a thin or a thick AlGaAs barrier layer. The observed incident laser power and photon energy dependences of the photoelectron detection efficiency both indicate that the trapped photoelectrons are, for the thin barrier sample, predominantly photogenerated in the buffer layer followed by tunneling into one of the two dots, whereas for the thick barrier sample they are directly photogenerated in the well. For the latter, single photoelectron detection after selective excitation of the heavy and light hole state in the dot is well resolved. This ensures the applicability of our quantum well-based quantum dot systems for the coherent transfer from single photon polarization to single electron spin states.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates IX. KOI-415 b: a long-period, eccentric transiting brown dwarf to an evolved Sun
Creators: name: Moutou, C.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Bruno, G.
name: Montagnier, G.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Almenara, J. M.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Diaz, R. F.
name: Hebrard, G.
name: Santerne, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a long-period brown-dwarf transiting companion of the solar-type star KOI-415. The transits were detected by the Kepler space telescope. We conducted Doppler measurements using the SOPHIE spectrograph at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence. The photometric and spectroscopic signals allow us to characterize a 62.14+-2.69 Mjup, brown-dwarf companion of an evolved 0.94+-0.06 Msun star in a highly eccentric orbit of P = 166.78805+-0.00022 days and e = 0.698+-0.002. The radius of KOI-415 b is 0.79 (-0.07,+0.12) Rjup, a value that is compatible with theoretical predictions for a 10 Gyr, low-metallicity and non-irradiated object.
description: accepted in A&A Letters
BFKL Pomeron with massive gluons
Creators: name: Levin, Eugene
name: Lipatov, Lev
name: Siddikov, Marat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the BFKL equation in the leading logarithmic approximation numerically in the Yang-Mills theory with the Higgs mechanism for the vector boson mass generation. It can be considered as a model for the amplitude with the correct behavior of the $s$-channel partial waves at large impact parameters. The Pomeron spectrum of the massive BFKL kernel in the $ω$-space for $t=0$ coincides with the continuous spectrum for the massless case although the density of its eigenvalues is two times smaller for $ω>ω_0$, where $ω_0$ is a negative number. We find a simple parametrization for the corresponding eigenfunctions. Because the leading singularity in the $ω$-plane in this Higgs model for $t=0$ is a fixed cut, the Regge pole contributions could be only for non-physical positive $t$. Hence we can state that the correct behaviour at large $b$ does not influence the main properties of the BFKL equation.
description: 35 pages, 21 figures
DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENT STUDY SKILLS IN TEACHING ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE CREDIT-MODULE SYSTEM OF FUTURE COMPUTER SCIENTISTS
Creators: name: Rajabov, Xursandbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, the essence of the credit-module system, which is characterized as a measure of the quality of education and is widely used in the implementation of educational programs, foreign experience of the problem, and the issues of creating a single standard of education are considered. The article also provides recommendations on improving the use of the credit-module system in education.
Open-Source Small Ring Tensile Test Data write-up
Creators: name: Joshi, Aniket
name: Forsey, Alexander
name: Moat, Richard
name: Gungor, Salih
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metals and alloy materials

description: This document describes all the file structure and format for the open-source dataset of small ring tensile tests performed on SS316L performed at multiple displacement rates. This document describes the image acquisition system as well as the CSV experimental outputs (raw and filtered).
Validation of Geant4 simulation of electron energy deposition
Creators: name: Batic, Matej
name: Hoff, Gabriela
name: Pia, Maria Grazia
name: Saracco, Paolo
name: Weidenspointner, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geant4-based simulations of the energy deposited by electrons in various materials are quantitatively compared to high precision calorimetric measurements taken at Sandia Laboratories. The experimental data concern electron beams of energy between a few tens of keV and 1 MeV at various incidence angles. Two experimental scenarios are evaluated: the longitudinal energy deposition pattern in a finely segmented detector, and the total energy deposited in a larger size calorimeter. The simulations are produced with Geant4 versions from 9.1 to 9.6; they involve models of electron-photon interactions in the standard and low energy electromagnetic packages, and various implementations of electron multiple scattering. Significant differences in compatibility with experimental data are observed in the longitudinal energy deposition patterns produced by the examined Geant4 versions, while the total deposited energy exhibits smaller variations across the various Geant4 versions, with the exception Geant4 9.4. The validation analysis, based on statistical methods, shows that the best compatibility between simulation and experimental energy deposition profiles is achieved using electromagnetic models based on the EEDL and EPDL evaluated data libraries with Geant4 9.1. The results document the accuracy achievable in the simulation of the energy deposited by low energy electrons with Geant4; they provide guidance for application in similar experimental scenarios and for improving Geant4.
description: To be published in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 60, no. 4, August 2013
Chemical Property of Colliding Sources in 124,136Xe and 112,124Sn Induced Collisions in Isobaric Ratio Difference and Isoscaling Methods
Creators: name: Ma, Chun-Wang
name: Wang, Shan-Shan
name: Zhang, Yan-Li
name: Wei, Hui-Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isoscaling and isobaric ratio difference (IBD) methods are used to study the $Δμ/T$ ($Δμ$ being the difference between the chemical potentials of neutron and proton, and $T$ being the temperature) in the measured 1$A$ GeV $^{124}$Sn + $^{124}$Sn, $^{112}$Sn + $^{112}$Sn, $^{136}$Xe + Pb and $^{124}$Xe + Pb reactions. The isoscaling phenomena in the $^{124}$Sn/$^{112}$Sn and the $^{136}$Xe/$^{124}$Xe reactions pairs are investigated, and the isoscaling parameter $α$ and $β$ are obtained. The $Δμ/T$ determined by the isoscaling method (IS--$Δμ/T$) and IBD method (IB--$Δμ/T$) in the measured Sn and Xe reactions are compared. It is shown that in most of fragments, the IS-- and IB-- $Δμ/T$ are consistent in the Xe reactions, while the IS-- and IB-- $Δμ/T$ are only similar in the less neutron-rich fragments in the Sn reactions. The shell effects in IB--$Δμ/T$ are also discussed.
description: 5 figures, submitted to J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys