cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
All happy families area alike: The EDPS' bridges between competition and privacy
Creators: name: Vezzoso, Simonetta
Publisher: name: Market and Competition Law Review
Year: 2020

description: Long before techlash became popular, the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS) was holding up a mirror to the EU competition authority. Not only the effectiveness of competition rules’ enforcement in the age of big data was questioned, but the suggestion was made to substantially improve the interaction, i.e. strengthen the family ties, between competition, data protection and consumer protection. The importance of this suggestion was recently acknowledged by the EU Commissioner and Executive Vice-President of the European Commission Margrethe Vestager at a lecture delivered in memorial of the former EDPS Giovanni Buttarelli: “[i]n this time of fast and radical change, all of us have a lot to learn from each other. And if we work together in the spirit that Giovanni Buttarelli showed us, we can achieve his cherished aim – a digital future that works for human beings.” The paper’s main purpose is to take stock of the current state of the interplay between data protection and competition law against the background of the roadmap presciently put forth by the EDPS since 2014. Moreover, in the spirit that Giovanni Buttarelli showed us, it is suggested that new forms of collaborative enforcement should be explored, the workings of the Digital Clearinghouse progressively institutionalised, also at national level, and, most importantly, that a pro-competitive data governance framework should be developed in a cooperative manner. The paper’s main purpose is to take stock of the current state of the interplay between data protection and competition law against the background of the roadmap presciently put forth by the EDPS since 2014. Moreover, in the spirit that Giovanni Buttarelli showed us, it is suggested that new forms of collaborative enforcement should be explored, the workings of the Digital Clearinghouse progressively institutionalised, also at national level, and, most importantly, that a pro-competitive data governance framework should be developed in a cooperative manner.
description: Market and Competition Law Review, v. 4 n. 1 (2020)
"Gesetz über Sicherungsrechte der Volksrepublik China" vom 30. Juni 1995
Creators: name: Gargulla, Tanja
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Mit Fortschreiten der sozialistischen Marktwirtschaft in der VR China gewann im chinesischen Wirtschaftsleben zugleich das Mittel der Sicherheitsleistung an Bedeutung. Regelungen zur Sicherung von Wirtschaftsverträgen waren bisher vereinzelt im "Wirtschaftsvertragsgesetz" (WVG), im "Außenwirtschaftsvertragsgesetz"2 (AWVG), in den "Darlehensvertragsregeln", in den allgemeinen und zum größten Teil zerstückelten einschlägigen Bestimmungen der "Allgemeinen Grundsätze des Zivilrechts der VR China" (AGZR) und im "Seehandelsgesetz der VR China" enthalten.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Dezember 1996
Thermomajorization Mpemba Effect
Creators: name: Van Vu, Tan
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mpemba effect is a counterintuitive physical phenomenon where a hot system cools faster than a warm one. In recent years, theoretical analyses of the Mpemba effect have been developed for microscopic systems and experimentally verified. However, the conventional theory relies on a specific choice of distance measure to quantify relaxation speed, leading to several theoretical ambiguities. In this Letter, we derive a rigorous quantification of the Mpemba effect based on thermomajorization theory, referred to as the thermomajorization Mpemba effect. This approach resolves all existing ambiguities and provides a unification of the conventional Mpemba effect across all monotone measures. Furthermore, we demonstrate the generality of the thermomajorization Mpemba effect for Markovian dynamics, rigorously proving that it can occur in any temperature regime with fixed energy levels.
description: 7+9 pages, 3+2 figures
Hongkong: "Eine Noch-Kronkolonie, zwei Regierungen"
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Ein halbes Jahr vor dem anstehenden Machtwechsel in Hongkong gewinnt die künftige Regierung der Sonderverwaltungszone (SVZ) unter chinesischer Souveränität nun bereits Kontur.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Dezember 1996
"Die bisher schwierigste Auslandsreise"
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Einem Bundespräsidentenbesuch war es auch angemessen, daß Herzog seinem Besuch kulturelle Akzente verlieh: In seiner Begleitung befand sich u.a. Dirigent Justus Frantz mit der "Symphonie der Nationen". Des weiteren weihte er - an der Seite der Witwe des kürzlich verstorbenen Kunstsammlers Peter Ludwig - in Beijing das neue Ludwig- Museum ein, und nicht zuletzt hielt er Reden vor den Universitäten von Shanghai (Tongji) und Hangzhou.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Dezember 1996
Do we practice what we preach? The dissonance between resilience understanding and measurement
Creators: name: Halekotte, Lukas
name: Mentges, Andrea
name: Lichte, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resilience is needed to make infrastructures fit for the future, but its operationalization is still lively discussed. Here, we identify three understandings of resilience from the existing literature: resilience as a process, an outcome, and a capacity. We show that all three understandings have their justification, as each plays its part in the core business of resilience, that is, dealing with disruptive events. But, we also find that the trio differs considerably in terms of the implications for the operationalization of resilience. Most importantly, only the understanding of resilience as a capacity allows for a continuous resilience monitoring and a management which is agnostic to the type of disruptive event. We therefore advocate to understand and assess resilience as a capacity. While this understanding is in line with popular opinion, it is often not reflected in the assessment approaches applied. This dissonance shows, for example, in the use of single performance curves to assess resilience. We argue that in order to assess resilience as a capacity, we need to consider multiple performance curves, otherwise we will capture the system's ability to deal with one specific event instead of its ability to deal with any surprises that come its way.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Data for: Phylogenomic and population genomic analyses of ultraconserved elements reveal deep coalescence and introgression shaped diversification patterns in Lamprologine cichlids of the Congo River
Creators: name: Alda, Fernando
name: Alter, S. Elizabeth
name: Kurata, Naoko
name: Chakrabarty, Prosanta
name: Stiassny, Melanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Hybridization
African cichlids
Congo River
Diversification
Lamprologini
Phylogenomics
ultraconserved elements

description: Understanding the drivers of diversification is a central goal in evolutionary biology, but can be challenging when lineages radiate quickly and/or hybridize frequently. Cichlids in the tribe Lamprologini, an exceptionally diverse clade found in the Congo basin, exemplify these issues: their evolutionary history has been difficult to untangle with previous datasets, particularly with regard to river-dwelling lineages in the genus Lamprologus. This clade notably includes the only known blind and depigmented cichlid, L. lethops. Here, we reconstructed the evolutionary, population, and biogeographic history of a clade of Lamprologus from the Congo River by sampling over 50 species of lamprologines using genomic data and providing the best species-level coverage of this fauna to date. We found that in the mid-late Pliocene, two lineages of Lake Tanganyika lamprologines independently colonized the Congo River, where they subsequently hybridized and diversified, forming the current monophyletic group of riverine Lamprologus. Our estimates for divergence time and introgression align with the region's geological history and suggest rapid speciation in Lamprologus species from the Congo River marked by rapids-driven vicariance and water level fluctuations, repeated secondary contact, and reticulation. This complex hybrid origin, followed by a rapid series of isolation and reticulation events, illustrates the multifaceted dynamics of speciation that have shaped the rich biodiversity of this region.
description: Funding provided by: National Science FoundationROR ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: 1655227
Funding provided by: National Science FoundationROR ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: 1655694
Absorption, Scattering, Geodesics, Shadows and Lensing Phenomena of Black Holes in Effective Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Heidari, N.
name: Filho, A. A. Araújo
name: Pantig, R. C.
name: Övgün, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the signatures of black holes within an effective quantum gravity framework recently proposed in the literature [1] . We begin by outlining the general setup, highlighting the two distinct models under consideration. This includes a discussion of their general properties, interpretations, and the structure of the event and inner horizons. We then examine the behavior of light in this context, analyzing geodesics, the photon sphere, and shadow formation. To validate our results, we estimate lower bounds for the shadow radius based on observational data from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). Subsequently, we derive the partial radial wave equation for scalar perturbations, enabling us to study the absorption cross section in both low and high frequency regimes. Additionally, we evaluate the greybody factors and provide bounds for both bosonic and fermionic fields. Finally, we present a detailed analysis of gravitational lensing in both the weak and strong deflection limits. For the weak deflection regime, the Gauss Bonnet theorem is employed, while for the strong deflection limit, the Tsukamoto approach is utilized.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures
title: Ανάλυση ικανοποίησης πελατών ξενοδοχείου μέσω διαδικτυακών αξιολογήσεων
title: Hotel customer satisfaction analysis through Internet ratings
Creators: name: Βαρδιαμπαση Ευλαβια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2024

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να μετρηθεί ο βαθμός ικανοποίησης των πελατών ενός ξενοδοχείου, με απώτερο σκοπό την διεξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων σχετικά με τα δυνατά και αδύνατα σημεία του και τις πιθανές ενέργειες βελτίωσής του. Το ξενοδοχείο που επιλέχθηκε να μελετηθεί είναι το “Royal Sun” το οποίο βρίσκεται στην περιοχή των Χανίων. Τα δεδομένα που πρόκειται να αναλυθούν προέρχονται από την ιστοσελίδα της Booking.com για την θερινή περίοδο του 2023. Τα δείγματα είναι στο σύνολο 100 και πρόκειται για τις βαθμολογίες των επισκεπτών σε έξι επιμέρους κριτήρια καθώς και την συνολική βαθμολογία που προκύπτει αναφορικά με την ολική τους ικανοποίηση.
Αρχικά θα παρουσιαστεί η θεωρητική προσέγγιση της ικανοποίησης των πελατών καθώς και των κριτηρίων που θα εξεταστούν (προσωπικό, άνεση, τοποθεσία, καθαριότητα, παροχές και σχέση ποιότητας-τιμής). Επιπλέον, θα αναλυθεί και ο ρόλος που έχουν οι αξιολογήσεις τόσο ως προς την ίδια την υπηρεσία όσο και ως προς την αξιολόγηση της ικανοποίησης ενώ ταυτόχρονα θα γίνει και μία βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση του ιστοτόπου από τον οποίο προέρχονται (Booking.com).
Στη συνέχεια θα γίνει εφαρμογή της πολυκριτήριας μεθόδου MUSA (Multicriteria Satisfaction) για την ανάλυση της ικανοποίησης των πελατών αναφορικά με το κάθε κριτήριο και στη συνέχεια θα εφαρμοστεί η μέθοδος ποιοτικής συγκριτικής ανάλυσης με ασαφή σύνολα (fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis - fs/QCA). Η συγκεκριμένη μέθοδος έχει ως βάση τη θεωρία των ασαφών συνόλων και την άλγεβρα Boolean και εντοπίζει τις αναγκαίες εκείνες συνθήκες οι οποίες είναι ικανές να οδηγήσουν στο επιθυμητό αποτέλεσμα, που στη συγκεκριμένη περίπτωση είναι η ικανοποίηση των πελατών του ξενοδοχείου.
Τέλος και σύμφωνα με την παρουσίαση των αποτελεσμάτων από την κάθε έρευνα, θα παρουσιαστούν τα τελικά συμπεράσματα καθώς και κάποιες αντίστοιχες προτάσεις βελτίωσης που μπορούν να συμβάλουν στην αύξηση της ικανοποίησης των πελατών.
Identifying supermassive black hole recoil in elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Rawlings, Alexander
name: Keitaanranta, Atte
name: Mattero, Max
name: Soininen, Sonja
name: Wright, Ruby J.
name: Kallioinen, Noa
name: Liao, Shihong
name: Rantala, Antti
name: Johansson, Peter H.
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Irodotou, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stellar core growth in simulations of merging massive ($M_\star>10^{11}\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$) elliptical galaxies by a supermassive black hole (SMBH) displaced by gravitational wave induced recoil velocity. With controlled, dense sampling of the SMBH recoil velocity, we find the core radius originally formed by SMBH binary scouring can grow by a factor of 2-3 when the recoil velocity exceeds $\sim50$ per cent of the central escape velocity, and the mass deficit grows by up to a factor of $\sim4$. Using Bayesian inference we predict the distribution of stellar core sizes formed through this process to peak at $\sim1\,\mathrm{kpc}$. An orbital decomposition of stellar particles within the core reveals that radial orbits dominate over tube orbits when the recoil velocity exceeds the velocity dispersion of the core, whereas tube orbits dominate for the lowest recoil kicks. A change in orbital structure is reflected in the anisotropy parameter, with a central tangential bias present only for recoil velocities less than the local stellar velocity dispersion. Emulating current integral field unit observations of the stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution, we uncover a distinct signature in the Gauss-Hermite symmetric deviation coefficient $h_4$ that uniquely constrains the core size due to binary scouring. This signature is insensitive to the later evolution of the stellar mass distribution due to SMBH recoil. Our results provide a novel method to estimate the SMBH recoil magnitude from observations of local elliptical galaxies, and implies these galaxies primarily experienced recoil velocities less than the stellar velocity dispersion of the core.
description: 27 pages, 21 figures, as accepted
title: 02_0384
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Exact Solutions Disentangle Higher-Order Topology in 2D Non-Hermitian Lattices
Creators: name: Li, Lingfang
name: Wei, Yating
name: Wu, Gangzhou
name: Ruan, Yang
name: Chen, Shihua
name: Lee, Ching Hua
name: Ni, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the exact closed-form solutions for higher-order topological states as well as explicit energy-spectrum relationships in two-dimensional (2D) non-Hermitian multi-orbital lattices with generalized boundary conditions. These analytical solutions unequivocally confirm that topological edge states in a 2D non-Hermitian system which feature point-gap topology must undergo the non-Hermitian skin effect along the edge. Under double open boundary conditions, the occurrence of the non-Hermitian skin effect for either topological edge states or bulk states can be accurately predicted by our proposed winding numbers. We unveil that the zero-energy topological corner state only manifests itself on a corner where two nearby gapped edge states intersect, and thus can either disappear completely or strengthen drastically due to the non-Hermitian skin effect of gapped topological edge states. Our analytical results offer direct insight into the non-Bloch band topology in two or higher dimensions and trigger experimental investigations into related phenomena such as quadrupole topological insulators and topological lasing.
Superconductivity in PrNiO2 infinite-layer nickelates
Creators: name: Sahib, Hoshang
name: Rosa, Francesco
name: Raji, Aravind
name: Merzoni, Giacomo
name: Ghiringhelli, Giacomo
name: Salluzzo, Marco
name: Gloter, Alexandre
name: Viart, Nathalie
name: Preziosi, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several reports about infinite-layer nickelate thin films suggest that the superconducting critical temperature versus chemical doping phase diagram has a dome-like shape, similar to cuprates. Here, we demonstrate a highly reproducible superconducting state in undoped PrNiO$_2$ thin films grown onto SrTiO$_3$. Scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements demonstrate coherent and defect-free infinite-layer phase, a high structural quality with no unintentional chemical doping and a total absence of interstitial oxygen. X-ray absorption measurements show very sharp features at the Ni L$_{3,2}$-edges with a large linear dichroism, indicating the preferential hole-occupation of Ni$^{1+}$-3d$_{x^2-y^2}$ orbitals in a square planar geometry. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering measurements reveal sharp magnon excitations of 200\,meV energy at magnetic Brillouin zone boundary, highly resonant at the Ni$^{1+}$ absorption peak. The results indicate that, when properly stabilized, infinite-layer nickelate thin films are superconducting without chemical doping.
Extending and Applying Automated HERMES Software Publication Workflows
Creators: name: Kernchen, Sophie
name: Meinel, Michael
name: Druskat, Stephan
name: Fritzsche, Michael
name: Pape, David
name: Bertuch, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2; D.2.12; D.2.13; K.6.3; D.2.7
subject: 68U01

description: Research software is an important output of research and must be published according to the FAIR Principles for Research Software. This can be achieved by publishing software with metadata under a persistent identifier. HERMES is a tool that leverages continuous integration to automate the publication of software with rich metadata. In this work, we describe the HERMES workflow itself, and how to extend it to meet the needs of specific research software metadata or infrastructure. We introduce the HERMES plugin architecture and provide the example of creating a new HERMES plugin that harvests metadata from a metadata source in source code repositories. We show how to use HERMES as an end user, both via the command line interface, and as a step in a continuous integration pipeline. Finally, we report three informal case studies whose results provide a preliminary evaluation of the feasibility and applicability of HERMES workflows, and the extensibility of the hermes software package.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, 1 code listing, revision as accepted to a special issue of Electronic Communications of the EASST collecting submissions of deRSE24, Conference for Research Software Engineers
Accuracy of Charge Densities in Electronic Structure Calculations
Creators: name: Gubler, Moritz
name: Schäfer, Moritz R.
name: Behler, Jörg
name: Goedecker, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate charge densities are essential for reliable electronic structure calculations because they significantly impact predictions of various chemical properties and in particular, according to the Hellmann-Feynman theorem, atomic forces. This study examines the accuracy of charge densities obtained from different DFT exchange-correlation functionals in comparison with coupled cluster calculations with single and double excitations. We find that modern DFT functionals can provide highly accurate charge densities, particularly in case of meta-GGA and hybrid functionals. In connection with Gaussian basis sets, it is necessary to use the largest basis sets available to obtain densitites that are nearly basis set error free. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate computational methods for generating high-precision charge densities, which are for instance needed to generate reference data for training modern machine learned potentials.
Planar decomposition of bipartite HOMFLY polynomials in symmetric representations
Creators: name: Anokhina, A.
name: Lanina, E.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We generalize the recently discovered planar decomposition (Kauffman bracket) for the HOMFLY polynomials of bipartite knot/link diagrams to (anti)symmetrically colored HOMFLY polynomials. Cabling destroys planarity, but it is restored after projection to (anti)symmetric representations. This allows to go beyond arborescent calculus, which so far produced the majority of results for colored polynomials. Technicalities include combinations of projectors, and these can be handled rigorously, without any guess-work -- what can be also useful for other considerations, where reliable quantization was so far unavailable. We explicitly provide simple examples of calculation of the HOMFLY polynomials in symmetric representations with the use of our planar technique. These examples reveal what we call the bipartite evolution and the bipartite decomposition of squares of $\mathcal{R}$-matrices eigenvalues in the antiparallel channel.
description: 26 pages
Expanding AI Awareness Through Everyday Interactions with AI: A Reflective Journal Study
Creators: name: Hingle, Ashish
name: Johri, Aditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the application of AI continues to expand, students in technology programs are poised to be both producers and users of the technologies. They are also positioned to engage with AI applications within and outside the classroom. While focusing on the curriculum when examining students' AI knowledge is common, extending this connection to students' everyday interactions with AI provides a more complete picture of their learning. In this paper, we explore student's awareness and engagement with AI in the context of school and their daily lives. Over six weeks, 22 undergraduate students participated in a reflective journal study and submitted a weekly journal entry about their interactions with AI. The participants were recruited from a technology and society course that focuses on the implications of technology on people, communities, and processes. In their weekly journal entries, participants reflected on interactions with AI on campus (coursework, advertises campus events, or seminars) and beyond (social media, news, or conversations with friends and family). The journal prompts were designed to help them think through what they had read, watched, or been told and reflect on the development of their own perspectives, knowledge, and literacy on the topic. Overall, students described nine categories of interactions: coursework, news and current events, using software and applications, university events, social media related to their work, personal discussions with friends and family, interacting with content, and gaming. Students reported that completing the diaries allowed them time for reflection and made them more aware of the presence of AI in their daily lives and of its potential benefits and drawbacks. This research contributes to the ongoing work on AI awareness and literacy by bringing in perspectives from beyond a formal educational context.
description: Accepted and presented at the Frontiers in Education 2024 (FIE2024)
Spatioformer: A Geo-encoded Transformer for Large-Scale Plant Species Richness Prediction
Creators: name: Guo, Yiqing
name: Mokany, Karel
name: Levick, Shaun R.
name: Yang, Jinyan
name: Moghadam, Peyman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Earth observation data have shown promise in predicting species richness of vascular plants ($α$-diversity), but extending this approach to large spatial scales is challenging because geographically distant regions may exhibit different compositions of plant species ($β$-diversity), resulting in a location-dependent relationship between richness and spectral measurements. In order to handle such geolocation dependency, we propose \textit{Spatioformer}, where a novel geolocation encoder is coupled with the transformer model to encode geolocation context into remote sensing imagery. The Spatioformer model compares favourably to state-of-the-art models in richness predictions on a large-scale ground-truth richness dataset (HAVPlot) that consists of 68,170 in-situ richness samples covering diverse landscapes across Australia. The results demonstrate that geolocational information is advantageous in predicting species richness from satellite observations over large spatial scales. With Spatioformer, plant species richness maps over Australia are compiled from Landsat archive for the years from 2015 to 2023. The richness maps produced in this study reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of plant species richness in Australia, providing supporting evidence to inform effective planning and policy development for plant diversity conservation. Regions of high richness prediction uncertainties are identified, highlighting the need for future in-situ surveys to be conducted in these areas to enhance the prediction accuracy.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Link to the paper: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10854505
title: English higher education policy in uncertain times
title: An argumentative exploration of political speeches during the Global Financial Crash, Brexit, and COVID-19 crises
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pickering, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Higher education policy
Higher education
Crisis
Political discourse
COVID-19
Brexit
Global Financial Crash
Austerity
Neo-austerity
Neoliberalism
Fairclough
PDA
Policy
Discourse analysis

description: ince 2010, the British government has responded to the global financial
 crash, Brexit, and a global pandemic, COVID-19. These crises have brought
 many challenges for the country, but they also provide a unique
 opportunity to examine how politicians respond and form higher education
 (HE) policies in uncertain times. Crisis responses can generate social and
 political change and shift societal values, norms, and practices, so
 examining emerging discourses can provide insight into the rationale for
 policy changes. HE policy in England has become subject to increasing
 state steering and micro-management, so it is a fascinating site for
 investigation. Education and skills discourses in England frequently
 intertwine with crisis rhetoric and concerns about potential economic
 downturns. The study applies Fairclough and Fairclough’s (2012) Political
 Discourse Analysis (PDA) to nine political speeches from senior
 politicians in three consecutive Governments formed by the same
 right-leaning political party. PDA focuses on the reason for action,
 describes the problem that needs addressing, and sets a goal that imagines
 a better future informed by values. The study found a trajectory toward
 the marketisation of education and a coherent approach called ‘Discursive
 Strategies of Neo-austerity’. Politicians use these strategies to justify
 change even if the content of the discourse varies according to the
 circumstances of the crisis. The discursive strategies comprise three
 phases: First, building a consensus for change through allocating blame
 and responsibility for the crisis and by playing on people's fears
 and the risks of not taking action. Secondly, the realignment of the
 purpose of HE to economic and individual benefits. Finally, the
 advancement of marketisation through funding changes and perceptions about
 value for money in HE education justify increasing state intervention,
 regulation and monitoring in the HE sector.
Towards active stiffness control in pattern-forming pneumatic metamaterials
Creators: name: Faltus, Ondřej
name: Jirásek, Milan
name: Horák, Martin
name: Doškář, Martin
name: Peerlings, Ron
name: Zeman, Jan
name: Rokoš, Ondřej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pattern-forming metamaterials feature microstructures specifically designed to change the material's macroscopic properties due to internal instabilities. These can be triggered either by mechanical deformation or, in the case of active materials, by other external stimuli, such as pneumatic actuation. We study a two-dimensional rectangular lattice microstructure which is pneumatically actuated by non-uniform pressure patterns in its voids, and demonstrate that this actuation may lead toifferent instability patterns. The patterns are associated with a significant reduction in the macroscopic stiffness of the material. The magnitude of this reduction can be controlled by different arrangements of the pressure actuation, thus choosing the precise buckled shape of the microstructure. We develop an analytical model and complement it with computational tests on a two-dimensional plane-strain finite element model. We explain the phenomenon and discuss ways of further developing the concept to actively control the stiffness of materials and structures.
title: Dissertatio historico-politica de regno Westrogothorum in Hispania...
Creators: name: Iserhiehn, Carl
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 133 p. ; 16°
description: Source: Bibliothèque patrimoniale Villon (Rouen), fonds Liber, Mt p 12348
Economics of primary healthcare: cost estimation of clinical services at primary care facilities in the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council
Creators: name: Elmusharaf, Khalifa
name: Poix, Sébastien
name: Grafton, Daniel
name: Jung, Johanna S
name: Gribble, Rebecca
name: Stanton, Rachael
name: Mahmoud, Lamia
name: Hamza Al Asfoor, Deena
name: Alawadi, Tayba
name: Mustafa, Mohammed
name: Shuwaiter, Lulwa
name: S Alsuwaidan, Mohammed
name: Al-Abri, Zahir
name: Al-Sabahi, Sultana
name: Fadda, Sherif
name: Raza Syed, Hassan
name: Almutairi, Muneera
name: Al-Farsi, Yahya M.
name: Banatvala, Nicholas
name: Tarlton, Dudley
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective While the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have demonstrated a strong commitment to strengthening primary healthcare (PHC), the costs of delivering these services in this region remain relatively unexplored. Understanding the costs of PHC delivery is essential for effective resource allocation and health system efficiency. Design We used an ingredient-based method to estimate the cost of delivering a selection of services at PHC facilities in the six GCC countries in 2019. Services were categorised into eight programmes: immunisation; non-communicable diseases (NCDs); oral and dental care; child health; nutrition; mental health; reproductive, maternal, neonatal and child health and general practice. The cost estimation focused on two key ingredients: the costs of drugs and supplies and the healthcare workforce cost. The coverage rates of specific types of health services, including screening and mental health services, were also estimated. Data for the analysis were obtained from ministries of health, health statistics reports, online databases, national surveys and scientific literature. Results The estimated costs of delivering the selected services at public PHC facilities in the six GCC countries totalled US$5.7 billion in 2019, representing 0.34% of the combined 2019 GDP. The per capita costs varied from US$69 to US$272. General practice and NCD programmes constituted 79% of the total costs modelled while mental health ranged between 0.0% and 0.3%. Over 8million individuals did not receive NCD screening services, and over 30million did not receive needed mental health services in public PHC facilities across the region. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to estimate the costs of services delivered at PHC facilities in the GCC countries. Identifying the main cost drivers and the services which individuals did not receive can be used to help strengthen PHC to improve efficiency and scale up needed services for better health outcomes.
Provinz Jiangsu
Creators: name: Krieg, Renate
name: Müller, Gunda
name: Schädler, Monika
name: Göcke, Martina
name: Liu, Jen-Kai
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Jiangsu liegt im Osten Chinas, in der Mitte des chinesischen Küstengebietes am Unterlauf des Changjiang. Es umfaßt Teile der Nordchinesischen Tiefebene und der Changjiang-Ebene.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - November 1996
To be fair or efficient or a bit of both
Creators: name: Zukerman, Moshe
name: Mammadov, Musa
name: Tan, Liansheng
name: Ouveysi, Iradj
name: Andrew, Lachlan L. H.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Introducing a new concept of (α,β)-fairness, which allows for a bounded fairness compromise, so that a source is allocated a rate neither less than 0 ≤α≤ nor more than β≥ times its fair share, this paper provides a framework to optimize efficiency (utilization, throughput or revenue) subject to fairness constraints in a general telecommunications network for an arbitrary fairness criterion and cost functions. We formulate a non-linear program (NLP) that finds the optimal bandwidth allocation by maximizing efficiency subject to (α,β)-fairness constraints. This leads to what we call an efficiency–fairness function, which shows the benefit in efficiency as a function of the extent to which fairness is compromised. To solve the NLP we use two algorithms. The first is a well-known branch-and-bound-based algorithm called Lipschitz Global Optimization and the second is a recently developed algorithm called Algorithm for Global Optimization Problems (AGOP). We demonstrate the applicability of the framework to a range of examples from sharing a single link to efficiency fairness issues associated with serving customers in remote communities.
Verbände in der VR China: eine Bestandsaufnahme
Creators: name: Heilmann, Sebastian
name: Hellwege, Christiane
name: Hsü, Urban
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Die rasch fortschreitende Differenzierung des Verbändesystems ist eine der zukunftsträchtigsten institutionellen Neuerungen im politischen und wirtschaftlichen System der VR China. Seit den achtziger Jahren beginnt sich eine neuartige, außerordentlich vielgestaltige intermediäre Organisationsebene zwischen Partei/Staat einerseits und Wirtschaft/Gesellschaft andererseits herauszubilden.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - November 1996
Microscopic Roadmap to a Yao-Lee Spin-Orbital Liquid
Creators: name: Churchill, Derek
name: Zhang, Emily Z.
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exactly solvable spin-1/2 Kitaev model on a honeycomb lattice has drawn significant interest, as it offers a pathway to realizing the long-sought after quantum spin liquid. Building upon the Kitaev model, Yao and Lee introduced another exactly solvable model on an unusual star lattice featuring non-abelian spinons. The additional pseudospin degrees of freedom in this model could provide greater stability against perturbations, making this model appealing. However, a mechanism to realize such an interaction in a standard honeycomb lattice remains unknown. Here we provide a microscopic theory to obtain the Yao-Lee model on a honeycomb lattice by utilizing strong spin-orbit coupling of anions edge-shared between two $e_g$ ions in the exchange processes. This mechanism leads to the desired bond-dependent interaction among spins rather than orbitals, unique to our model, implying that the orbitals fractionalize into gapless Majorana fermions and fermionic octupolar excitations emerge. Since the conventional Kugel-Khomskii interaction also appears, we examine the phase diagram including these interactions using classical Monte Carlo simulations and exact diagonalization techniques. Our findings reveal a broad region of disordered states that break rotational symmetry in the bond energy, suggesting intriguing behavior reminiscent of a spin-orbital liquid.
description: main text: 7 pages, 3 figures; supplementary information: 6 pages, 7 figures
Volumetric Conditioning Module to Control Pretrained Diffusion Models for 3D Medical Images
Creators: name: Ahn, Suhyun
name: Park, Wonjung
name: Cho, Jihoon
name: Park, Seunghyuck
name: Park, Jinah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatial control methods using additional modules on pretrained diffusion models have gained attention for enabling conditional generation in natural images. These methods guide the generation process with new conditions while leveraging the capabilities of large models. They could be beneficial as training strategies in the context of 3D medical imaging, where training a diffusion model from scratch is challenging due to high computational costs and data scarcity. However, the potential application of spatial control methods with additional modules to 3D medical images has not yet been explored. In this paper, we present a tailored spatial control method for 3D medical images with a novel lightweight module, Volumetric Conditioning Module (VCM). Our VCM employs an asymmetric U-Net architecture to effectively encode complex information from various levels of 3D conditions, providing detailed guidance in image synthesis. To examine the applicability of spatial control methods and the effectiveness of VCM for 3D medical data, we conduct experiments under single- and multimodal conditions scenarios across a wide range of dataset sizes, from extremely small datasets with 10 samples to large datasets with 500 samples. The experimental results show that the VCM is effective for conditional generation and efficient in terms of requiring less training data and computational resources. We further investigate the potential applications for our spatial control method through axial super-resolution for medical images. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/Ahn-Ssu/VCM}
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, accepted @ WACV 2025
Misconceptions, Pragmatism, and Value Tensions: Evaluating Students' Understanding and Perception of Generative AI for Education
Creators: name: Johri, Aditya
name: Hingle, Ashish
name: Schleiss, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this research paper we examine undergraduate students' use of and perceptions of generative AI (GenAI). Students are early adopters of the technology, utilizing it in atypical ways and forming a range of perceptions and aspirations about it. To understand where and how students are using these tools and how they view them, we present findings from an open-ended survey response study with undergraduate students pursuing information technology degrees. Students were asked to describe 1) their understanding of GenAI; 2) their use of GenAI; 3) their opinions on the benefits, downsides, and ethical issues pertaining to its use in education; and 4) how they envision GenAI could ideally help them with their education. Findings show that students' definitions of GenAI differed substantially and included many misconceptions - some highlight it as a technique, an application, or a tool, while others described it as a type of AI. There was a wide variation in the use of GenAI by students, with two common uses being writing and coding. They identified the ability of GenAI to summarize information and its potential to personalize learning as an advantage. Students identified two primary ethical concerns with using GenAI: plagiarism and dependency, which means that students do not learn independently. They also cautioned that responses from GenAI applications are often untrustworthy and need verification. Overall, they appreciated that they could do things quickly with GenAI but were cautious as using the technology was not necessarily in their best long-term as it interfered with the learning process. In terms of aspirations for GenAI, students expressed both practical advantages and idealistic and improbable visions. They said it could serve as a tutor or coach and allow them to understand the material better. We discuss the implications of the findings for student learning and instruction.
Inequality in a model of capitalist economy
Creators: name: Borba, Jhordan Silveira
name: Gonçalves, Sebastian
name: Anteneodo, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We analyze inequality aspects of the agent-based model of capitalist economy named it Social Architecture of Capitalism that has been introduced by Ian Wright. The model contemplates two main types of agents, workers and capitalists, which can also be unemployed. Starting from a state where all agents are unemployed and possess the same initial wealth, the system, governed by a few simple rules, quickly self-organizes into two classes. After a transient, the model reproduces the statistics of many relevant macroeconomic quantities of real economies worldwide, notably the two regimes of the distributions of wealth and income. We perform extensive simulations testing the role of the model parameters (number of agents, total wealth, and salary range) on the resulting distribution of wealth and income, the social distribution of agents, and other stylized facts of the dynamics. Our main finding is that, according to the model, in an economy where total wealth is conserved and with a fixed average wage, the increase in wealth per capita comes with more inequality.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Periodic orbits and gravitational wave radiation in short hair black hole spacetimes for an extreme mass ratio system
Creators: name: Zhao, Lai
name: Tang, Meirong
name: Xu, Zhaoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a short hair black hole(BH) which circumvents the "no-short-hair" theorem, it manifests intense hair behavior in the vicinity of the event horizon, accompanied by remarkable quantum effects. These effects may carry important information about the internal structure and dynamical evolution of BHs, thereby providing a new perspective on the problem of black hole information loss. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the influence of the hair parameter $Q_m$ and the structural parameter $k$ of the short hair BH in an extreme mass ratio(EMR) system on the periodic orbits of particles and gravitational wave radiation. The results show that as $Q_m$ increases, the radius and angular momentum of the bound orbit decrease, and the $E-L$ space shifts to the left. An increase in $k$ weakens this trend. When $k$ takes a larger value, the short hair BH and the Schwarzschild BH tend to be degenerate. Compared with the Schwarzschild BH, the bound orbit energy and angular momentum of the short hair black hole are reduced. Under the conditions of higher $Q_m$ and lower $k$, the gravitational wave period is suppressed and the signal amplitude is significantly increased. These results provide new observational means for distinguishing short hair BH from classical BH and offer new insights for verifying the no-hair theorem and understanding the physical behavior near the event horizon.
Skyrmion Bag Robustness in Plasmonic Bilayer and Trilayer Moiré Superlattices
Creators: name: Schwab, Julian
name: Mangold, Florian
name: Frank, Bettina
name: Davis, Timothy J.
name: Giessen, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twistronics is studied intensively in twisted 2D heterostructures and its extension to trilayer moiré structures has proven beneficial for the tunability of unconventional correlated states and superconductivity in twisted trilayer graphene. Just recently, the concept of twistronics has been applied to plasmonic lattices with nontrivial topology, demonstrating that bilayer moiré skyrmion lattices harbor multi-skyrmion textures called skyrmion bags. Here, we explore the properties of plasmonic trilayer moiré superlattices that are created by the interference of three twisted skyrmion lattices. More specifically, we explore the properties of periodic superlattices and their topological invariants. We also demonstrate that twisted trilayer skyrmion lattices harbor the same skyrmion bags as twisted bilayer skyrmion lattices. We quantify the robustness of these skyrmion bags by the stability of their topological numbers against certain disturbance fields that leads to experimental designs for topological textures with maximum robustness.