cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NNLO QCD corrections to diphoton production with an additional jet at the LHC
Creators: name: Chawdhry, Herschel A.
name: Czakon, Michal
name: Mitov, Alexander
name: Poncelet, Rene
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530

description: [1]-13 (2021).
title: Do thermomechanical heterogeneities in the upper mantle control crustal deformation?
Creators: name: Bott, Judith
name: Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena
name: Kumar, Ajay
name: Cacace, Mauro
name: Noe, Sebastian
name: Faleide, Jan Inge
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The architecture of the crust in intracontinental Western and Central Europe is well constrained by multidisciplinary geoscientific data. This low-strain intraplate setting is known for its widely distributed seismicity with earthquake localization, however, being difficult to explain by the observed crustal configuration. Also, observed variations in crustal thickness do not provide clear evidence to explain lateral shifts in depositional and erosional centers over geological time. This raises questions regarding the underlying forces controlling crustal tectonics in this region, located far from active plate boundaries. Shear-wave velocity models obtained from seismic full waveform inversion methods show that the upper mantle is strongly heterogeneous pointing to thermomechanical contrasts that potentially could impact crustal tectonics. Therefore, we convert mantle shear-wave velocities to thermodynamically consistent temperature and density configurations by following a Gibbs's free energy minimization approach. We find spatial correlations between lithospheric thickness, respectively shallow lithospheric temperature and density variations, and crustal deformation patterns (including seismicity). This indicates that thermomechanical instabilities in the mantle could be the origin of relative vertical movements which would (i) cause laterally variable surface uplift and/or subsidence and (ii) facilitate strain localization in the mantle (ductile shear movements) above which the overlying crust would locally respond by brittle deformation.
Continuous cooling transformation from coarse-grained austenite in X80 line pipe steels
Creators: name: Yamada, Kaiya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Oil and natural gas are important contributors to Canada’s energy sector, and pipelines are the most prevalent means of transporting these products. Modern Canadian pipelines are produced from advanced line pipe steels that have suitable properties for their applications as they are manufactured with the thermomechanical-controlled process (TMCP) and contain an optimized steel chemistry, including a low carbon content usually below 0.1wt% and specific additions of microalloying elements. When the line pipe segments are welded, the region next to the fusion zone experiences rapid heating and subsequent rapid cooling, creating a heat-affected zone (HAZ). The microstructure and, thus, the mechanical properties of the HAZ may be different from that of the as-rolled steel and may have a detrimental effect on pipeline integrity. The area of the HAZ closest to the fusion boundary, referred to as the coarse-grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ), is subjected to temperatures high enough to dissolve precipitates, such as niobium carbonitrides. The dissolution of these precipitates may result in significant coarsening of the austenite grains. The resulting microstructural changes can lead to inadequate properties, such as insufficient toughness and strength. The purpose of this study was to investigate austenite decomposition kinetics during continuous cooling from coarse-grained austenite in three different line pipe steels with variations in chromium and molybdenum levels. Thermal conditions were simulated with a Gleeble 3500 thermomechanical simulator. Samples were continuously cooled at rates of 3, 5, 10, 30 and 50℃/s. Resulting microstructures were examined with optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. Hardness was measured with a Vickers hardness tester. An increase in molybdenum content from 0.11wt% to 0.26wt% resulted in a decrease in transformation start temperature by approximately 15℃ for all cooling rates. Lower transformation temperatures generated an increase in the high-angle grain boundary density (HAGB) of bainite, which was found to correlate with hardness. The analysis of the role of chromium was inconclusive and will require further studies. The continuous cooling transformation kinetics were modeled for each steel using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model with the additivity principle.
Models to identify background factors associated with the CS activity D4.3
Creators: name: Sabel, Ohto
name: Peltoniemi, Aaron
name: Kauppinen, Heli
name: Nissinen, Kari
name: Lämsä, Joni
name: Lampi, Emilia
name: Hämäläinen, Raija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: citizen science
H2020
EU project

description: This deliverable is based on the analysis of the CS Track survey. It summarizes the characteristics of citizen scientists, discusses how learning and knowledge building occurs and explicates the structure and basis needed to build models that illustrate the associations between background factors and different forms of citizen science activities. The models provide background information regarding the future of CS Track, and, together with other CS Track data, are to be utilized in determination of accreditation practices for CS and thus the forming of policy recommendations.
The Jordan Structure of Two Dimensional Loop Models
Creators: name: Morin-Duchesne, Alexi
name: Saint-Aubin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to use the link representation of the transfer matrix $D_N$ of loop models on the lattice to calculate partition functions, at criticality, of the Fortuin-Kasteleyn model with various boundary conditions and parameter $β= 2 \cos(π(1-a/b)), a,b\in \mathbb N$ and, more specifically, partition functions of the corresponding $Q$-Potts spin models, with $Q=β^2$. The braid limit of $D_N$ is shown to be a central element $F_N(β)$ of the Temperley-Lieb algebra $TL_N(β)$, its eigenvalues are determined and, for generic $β$, a basis of its eigenvectors is constructed using the Wenzl-Jones projector. To any element of this basis is associated a number of defects $d$, $0\le d\le N$, and the basis vectors with the same $d$ span a sector. Because components of these eigenvectors are singular when $b \in \mathbb{Z}^*$ and $a \in 2 \mathbb{Z} + 1$, the link representations of $F_N$ and $D_N$ are shown to have Jordan blocks between sectors $d$ and $d'$ when $d-d' < 2b$ and $(d+d')/2 \equiv b-1 \ \textrm{mod} \ 2b$ ($d>d'$). When $a$ and $b$ do not satisfy the previous constraint, $D_N$ is diagonalizable.
description: 55 pages
Simulating open quantum systems: from many-body interactions to stabilizer pumping
Creators: name: Mueller, M.
name: Hammerer, K.
name: Zhou, Y. L.
name: Roos, C. F.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent experiment, Barreiro et al. demonstrated the fundamental building blocks of an open-system quantum simulator with trapped ions [Nature 470, 486 (2011)]. Using up to five ions, single- and multi-qubit entangling gate operations were combined with optical pumping in stroboscopic sequences. This enabled the implementation of both coherent many-body dynamics as well as dissipative processes by controlling the coupling of the system to an artificial, suitably tailored environment. This engineering was illustrated by the dissipative preparation of entangled two- and four-qubit states, the simulation of coherent four-body spin interactions and the quantum non-demolition measurement of a multi-qubit stabilizer operator. In the present paper, we present the theoretical framework of this gate-based ("digital") simulation approach for open-system dynamics with trapped ions. In addition, we discuss how within this simulation approach minimal instances of spin models of interest in the context of topological quantum computing and condensed matter physics can be realized in state-of-the-art linear ion-trap quantum computing architectures. We outline concrete simulation schemes for Kitaev's toric code Hamiltonian and a recently suggested color code model. The presented simulation protocols can be adapted to scalable and two-dimensional ion-trap architectures, which are currently under development.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, submitted to NJP Focus on Topological Quantum Computation
Additional file 1 of Evidence-based smoking cessation treatment: a comparison by healthcare system
Creators: name: Lewis, Jennifer A.
name: Senft, Nicole
name: Chen, Heidi
name: Weaver, Kathryn E.
name: Spalluto, Lucy B.
name: Sandler, Kim L.
name: Horn, Leora
name: Massion, Pierre P.
name: Dittus, Robert S.
name: Roumie, Christianne L.
name: Tindle, Hilary A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Questionnaire Items. Supplemental Table 2. Characteristics of Study Non-Responders.
title: Active tectonics of the eastern Southern Alps
Creators: name: Grützner, Christoph
name: Diercks, Manuel
name: Mücklisch, Mark
name: Prince, Erick
name: Reicherter, Klaus
name: Stubenrauch, Jakob
name: Tsukamoto, Sumiko
name: Ustaszewski, Kamil
name: Vrabec, Marko
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Current tectonic activity in the eastern Southern Alps is driven by the ongoing collision of Adria with Europe at a rate of ca. 2-3 mm/yr. While the South Alpine Front is well-studied, the deformation in the hinterland of the orogenic front is still not well-understood. Structurally, this area is characterised by dominantly E-W-trending, south-vergent thrusts and dextral strike-slip faults of the eastern Periadriatic fault system and the Dinaric system in Slovenia. Here we present new data on active faulting from tectonic geomorphology studies, field mapping, paleoseismology, and Quaternary dating techniques. We show that in Slovenia, crustal deformation is accommodated by a system of NW-SE striking right-lateral strike slip faults in a more than 60 km-wide zone. While the largest of those faults might be capable of magnitude M≥7 earthquakes, there is no historical or geological record for such large events. Several shorter faults with lengths of less than 15 km also show postglacial activity, but very little is known about their earthquake history. In Italy, most of the deformation is accommodated by thrusting at the South Alpine orogenic front and in the Friulian Plain. However, historical reports and our geomorphological observations indicate that strong earthquakes (M>6) occurred in the interior of the mountain chain, but these events are probably very rare. In Austria, the geological record of active faulting is sparse, although damaging historical quakes are known. New dating results from undisturbed geomorphic markers allow us to place constraints on the maximum amount of deformation that is accommodated here.
FAIR Data BR: ferramenta para a avaliação de conjuntos de dados científicos
Creators: name: Dias, Guilherme Ataíde
name: Moro, Anderson Rodrigues
name: Menezes, Ana Karoline França de
name: Simões, Anderson Rafael Castro
name: Campos, Arthur Ferreira
name: Silva, Lucas Henrique Alves da
name: Anjos, Renata Lemos dos
name: Bezerra, Tanise Dantas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão DEMOS da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
title: Drilling in a World Heritage Site
Creators: name: Mashele, Nonkululeko Phumelele
name: Heubeck, Christoph
name: Geoscience Team, BASE Onsite
name: Christianson, Astrid
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The ICDP-Project BASE investigated Archean Surface Environments by coring the ca. 3220 Ma Moodies Group of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa, Oct. 2021 – August 2022. This unit represents some of the oldest shallow-water and terrestrial siliciclastic strata worldwide; it contains fossil microbial life. Because the BGB had repeatedly seen intensive gold exploration and features several active gold mines along its northern margin, the eight BASE drill sites, largely located within the 2018 declared Barberton-Makhonjwa Mountains WHS, had to counter initial suspicion that they masked a gold exploration project, largely controlled by foreign interests. We obtained goodwill, interest, and permits from the local population and from local, regional, and national government, respectively, and ensured safe and incident-free drilling operations by designing and executing a multi-faceted approach: Prior to project start, we contributed regularly to local and regional newspapers, had the planning workshop extensively covered by media, and cultivated contacts with stakeholders and local property owners. The Education/Outreach/Publication program employed a Barbertonian geologist full time to work with traditional government, radio stations, TV, schools, and institutions of higher learning. We set aside half of our core processing space in downtown Barberton as an exhibition area, trained all staff as tour guides, maintained an open-door policy, and encouraged visitors to observe us as we processed core. Delegations, school classes, and associations could inform themselves first-hand on the core retrieval process on field trips to drill sites. After operations, BASE added a room to the local museum dedicated to WHS geoscience research.
title: The southern Baltic Sea – a geoarchive to investigate Quaternary fault reactivation due to glacial isostatic adjustment
Creators: name: Seidel, Elisabeth
name: Steffen, Holger
name: Steffen, Rebekka
name: Ahlrichs, Niklas
name: Hübscher, Christian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The southern Baltic Sea between the German and Polish coast in the south and the Danish and Swedish coast in the north comprises the well-investigated structural-geological situation along the Tornquist Fan area. Different tectonic features tell the story of this polyphase activated weakness zone, like the Paleozoic Tornquist Zone in the NW, Mesozoic NE trending fault zones or salt structures with crestal grabens above, such as various Late Cretaceous to Paleogene inversion structures.

Time-migrated reflection seismic sections indicate neotectonic activity and fault reactivation, a fact supported by recent earthquakes and ongoing isostatic movements of up to 1 cm/a. Due to the reduced resolution of this thin Quaternary layer within the seismic sections, the fault activation could not be dated more precisely so far. Stress variations of the existing background stress are assumed to result from glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) processes within the lithosphere. This study analyses fault reactivation due to GIA, covering the past 200 ka. For the first time, this glacially triggered faulting could be studied and compared on a variety of faults that differ in their strike and dip direction, age, depth, and character. Using finite element simulations, we tested if and when faults were reactivated during ice advances and retreats within the European Saalian and Weichselian glacial phases.
The POWHEG-BOX
Creators: name: Oleari, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the key features of POWHEG, a method for interfacing parton-shower Monte Carlo generators to fixed next-to-leading order QCD computations. We describe a recently introduced framework, the POWHEG-BOX, that allows the automatic POWHEG implementation of any given NLO calculation. We present a few results for Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion and Z + 1 jet production, both processes available in the POWHEG-BOX.
description: To appear in the proceedings of "Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory", 25-30 April 2010, Woerlitz, Germany
title: Redistribution of trace elements from mantle to crust is controlled by planet size
Creators: name: Schmidt, Julia Marleen
name: Noack, Lena
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Inside the upper mantle, incompatible trace elements are redistributed from solid mantle rocks into partial melt. The melt that accumulated the trace elements and that is less dense than the surrounding material rises towards the surface and as a result enriches the crust and depletes the upper mantle. In the case of heat producing elements, this process can affect the thermal evolution and crust production of a planet, whereas in the case of volatiles, the outgassing and atmosphere evolution can be influenced. With mineral/melt partition coefficients, we can quantify the amount of redistributed elements. Due to a lack of high-pressure models and experimental results, partition coefficients were generally taken as constant in mantel evolution models, however, they dependent heavily on pressure, temperature and composition.

In this study, we inserted a P,T,X-dependent clinopyroxene/melt partition coefficient model that is applicable for higher pressure [1] into a mantle evolution code and investigated the effects. Due to their implications for the thermal and atmosphere evolution, we focused both on heat producing elements (Uranium, Thorium, Potassium) and volatiles (H2O). As a result, we found that the planet size influences partitioning behavior due to differences in depth and temperature inside the melt zones in the upper mantle. With these results, we can infer the impact on various planetary processes, such as the outgassing of water, crust production, and thermal evolution.

[1] Schmidt, J.M. and Noack, L. (2021): Clinopyroxene/Melt Partitioning: Models for Higher Upper Mantle Pressures Applied to Sodium and Potassium, SysMea, 13(3&4), 125-136.
title: Kinetic Deflection of an asteroid: Impact Simulations of the DART impact in a heterogeneous target
Creators: name: Luther, Robert
name: DeCoster, Mallory
name: Graninger, Dawn M.
name: Rainey, Emma S. G.
name: Stickle, Angela
name: Baldauf, Sebastian
name: Wünnemann, Kai
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
On 26th of September 2022, NASA’s DART spacecraft impacted the secondary of the Didymos system, Dimorphos [1]. Its impact shortened the orbit of Dimorphos by 33 minutes to 11.37 h [2]. The change of the orbit is caused by a change of Dimorphos’ momentum due to the impact. A fraction of the momentum-change related to the transfer of the spacecraft momentum. The more important fraction of momentum is caused by the ejection of material from Dimorphos. The momentum-enhancement-factor β for vertical impacts is defined as β=1+pEj/pImp, with the ejecta and impactor momentum pEj and pImp, respectively, and was predicted to fall between ~2 and 5, based on impact simulations into homogeneous materials, [3,4,5]. The estimates for β depend on Dimorphos’ properties. For a density of 2400 kg/m³, the estimate is β = (1σ) [6]. Recent studies have shown that heterogeneities in the target (e.g. boulders) affect material ejection and β [7, 8]. In this study, we use impact models to simulate the DART impact with 1-10m-sized boulders, and we test the influence of a potential stronger and denser subsurface layer on β. We find an increase of beta by ~5% for such a subsurface layer in 5m depth, so that we conclude that heterogeneities in >5m depth do not affect β.

We acknowledge the computing time provided for our project bek00041on the supercomputer Lise and Emmy, part of the NHR infrastructure.

[1]Daly et al.(2023),Nature616,443.[2]Thomas et al.(2023),Nature616,448.[3]Raducan et al.(2019),Icarus329,282-295.[4]Stickle et al.(2022),PSJ 3:248.[5]Luther et al.(2022),PSJ3:227.[6]Cheng et al.(2023),Nature616,457.[7]Ormö et al.(2022),EPSL594,117713.[8]Raducan et al.(2022),A&A 665,L10.
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: October 2018 Florida 15 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); Florida Congressional District 15 (1); Democratic Candidate Kristen Carlson (1); Republican Candidate Ross Spano (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); opinion of various public figures (2); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); political partisanship (1).
Additional file 1 of Impact of early life famine exposure on adulthood anthropometry among survivors of the 1983–1985 Ethiopian Great famine: a historical cohort study
Creators: name: Getachew Arage
name: Tefera Belachew
name: Hajmahmud, Kemal
name: Mubarek Abera
name: Fedilu Abdulhay
name: Misra Abdulahi
name: Kalkidan Hassen Abate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table 1: Window of exposure to the 1983–85 Ethiopian Great Famine birth cohorts, Raya Kobo District, Northeast Ethiopia, 2019.
title: Let us synchronize watches
Creators: name: Grutzpalk, Jonas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
 “The mind seemed to grow giddy by looking so far into the abyss of time,“ noted John Playfair after having been introduced to geology by James Hutton. Deep time is in fact one of the main intellectual tools one must be ready to work with when wanting to do geology. Marcia Bjornerud describes how tedious the communication between geologists and people who think that the earth was created after the domestication of the dog can be. But it is not only religious people – almost everyone else finds it hard to grasp a duration of a million, 100 Million or a billion years too.

This is because time is not only an objective parameter of the fourth dimension – it is also dependent on social factors. We all know that because time passes by more quickly when we a are older and / or in company and it goes slow when we are waiting for Father Christmas to show up or when we are bored.

This social dimension of time will be looked at in my presentation. I will make use of the writings of religious scientist Mircea Eliade on time and will – with the help of the writings of geologist Marcia Bjornerud – try to describe the social implications the geological vision of time has or could and should have. Bjornerud (and I with her) is sure that geological “deep time” is not only a specific way of thinking for geologists but also a tool for social integration.
Normality of orbit closures in the enhanced nilpotent cone
Creators: name: Achar, Pramod N.
name: Henderson, Anthony
name: Jones, Benjamin F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B08 (primary), 14L30 (secondary)

description: We continue the study of the closures of $GL(V)$-orbits in the enhanced nilpotent cone $V\times\cN$ begun by the first two authors. We prove that each closure is an invariant-theoretic quotient of a suitably-defined enhanced quiver variety. We conjecture, and prove in special cases, that these enhanced quiver varieties are normal complete intersections, implying that the enhanced nilpotent orbit closures are also normal.
description: 30 pages
title: BioMetArchive - Subsurface biosphere metagenomics along the 1 Ma sedimentary archive of ferruginous Lake Towuti, Indonesia
Creators: name: Ruiz Blas, Fatima
name: Kallmeyer, Jens
name: Henny, Cynthia
name: Russell, James
name: Vuillemin, Aurèle
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Lake Towuti, Indonesia is a stratified ferruginous (iron-rich, sulfate-poor) system whose deep basin experienced dynamic changes in trophic and redox conditions since the Middle Pleistocene. As wet and dry periods alternated and sediment accumulated, microbial life sustained by metals and organic substrates became entombed in the subsurface. A 1 Ma stratigraphic archive retrieved by the International Continental scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) was sampled aseptically on site for microbiology analysis. Through taxonomic and functional analyses (16S rRNA amplicons, metagenomics), the BioMetArchive project aims at the first comprehensive characterization of the lacustrine subsurface biosphere in terms of diversity, abundance and metabolic functions.

Metagenomic data combined with high resolution cell counts and pore water geochemistry allowed to characterize the distribution of microorganisms throughout the core and to identify which microbial taxa and metabolic features are involved in the major biogeochemical cycles and organic matter remineralization during sediment burial. Results show a drastic decrease in the cell counts (from 109 to 104) as electron acceptors in the pore water chemistry become depleted within the upper 5 m of the sediment. Results of taxonomic and metagenomic analyses indicate that the sediment ferruginous conditions predominantly select for fermentative Bathyarchaeia. Metabolic features attributed to this entirely uncultivated phylum explaining their selective growth were indicative of sulfur transformations, organic matter fermentation and homoacetogenic dark carbon fixation. Thus, Lake Towuti shelters a deep biosphere displaying similarities to early life’s processes in ferruginous systems, which provides a direct link between cryptic sulfur cycling and redox conservative fermentations.
The Impact of Type Ia Supernova Ejecta on Binary Companions
Creators: name: Ricker, P. M.
name: Pan, K. -C.
name: Taam, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamical simulations of the interaction between Type Ia supernovae and their companion stars within the context of the single-degenerate model. Results for 3D red-giant companions without binary evolution agree with previous 2D results by Marietta et al. We also consider evolved helium-star companions in 2D. For a range of helium-star masses and initial binary separations, we examine the mass unbound by the interaction and the kick velocity delivered to the companion star. We find that unbound mass versus separation obeys a power law with index between -3.1 and -4.0, consistent with previous results for hydrogen-rich companions. Kick velocity also obeys a power-law relationship with binary separation, but the slope differs from those found for hydrogen-rich companions. Assuming accretion via Roche-lobe overflow, we find that the unbound helium mass is consistent with observational limits. Ablation (shock heating) appears to be more important in removing gas from helium-star companions than from hydrogen-rich ones, though stripping (momentum transfer) dominates in both cases.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the conference "Binary Star Evolution: Mass Loss, Accretion, and Mergers" at Mykonos, Greece, June 22-25, 2010
title: The eruption interface between carbonatitic dykes and diatremes – the Gross Brukkaros volcanic field Namibia
Creators: name: Walter, Benjamin Florian
name: Giebel, R. Johannes
name: Siegfried, Pete
name: Gudelius, Dominik
name: Kolb, Jochen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Carbonatites are relatively rare rocks with only about 600 occurrences world-wide. While dominated by intrusive carbonatites the rock record only shows about 50 occurrences of extrusive carbonatites. The geochemical link between intrusive and extrusive equivalents is essentially unstudied. To shed light on this topic the interface between fine-grained dolomite-carbonatite dykes and associated diatremes of the Gross Brukkaros in central Namibia was investigated. Whole rock geochemistry and petrography provide evidence that the carbonatite dykes contain significant amounts of Si and Al, which is assigned to assimilation of crustal xenoliths. At the transition from carbonatite dyke to diatreme formation, the carbonatite melt degassed (release of CO2 and other volatiles to the atmosphere), while the Si, Ca, Mg and Fe load together with a high amount of trace elements became precipitated from a hydrothermal “magmatic-provenance-dominated” fluid during rapid temperature drop in the course of decompression as a mixture of micro- and cryptocrystalline quartz (quartz I) and aegirine-augite (plus minor magnetite). This mineral assemblage forms the matrix of the diatreme breccia. A second quartz generation (quartz II) is formed in the post-eruption environment by precipitation from a fluid resulted by a mixture of remaining fluids and an influx of meteoric waters. All measured trace elements show significantly higher contents in quartz I compared to quartz II (with exception of Li). This study provides the first holistic dataset that show how a carbonatite geochemically behave during eruption.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating pharmacy students’ knowledge and skills in reproductive, maternal, new-born and child health care at a South African university
Creators: name: Egieyeh, Elizabeth
name: Huyssteen, Mea Van
name: Renier Coetzee
name: Angeni Bheekie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire used for data collection in the study
Additional file 1 of Cognitive levels in testing knowledge in evidence-based medicine: a cross sectional study
Creators: name: Buljan, Ivan
name: Marušić, Matko
name: Ružica Tokalić
name: Viđak, Marin
name: Peričić, Tina Poklepović
name: Hren, Darko
name: Marušić, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Low-energy Phenomenology Of Scalarless Standard-Model Extensions With High-Energy Lorentz Violation
Creators: name: Anselmi, Damiano
name: Ciuffoli, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider renormalizable Standard-Model extensions that violate Lorentz symmetry at high energies, but preserve CPT, and do not contain elementary scalar fields. A Nambu--Jona-Lasinio mechanism gives masses to fermions and gauge bosons, and generates composite Higgs fields at low energies. We study the effective potential at the leading order of the large-N_{c} expansion, prove that there exists a broken phase and study the phase space. In general, the minimum may break invariance under boosts, rotations and CPT, but we give evidence that there exists a Lorentz invariant phase. We study the spectrum of composite bosons and the low-energy theory in the Lorentz phase. Our approach predicts relations among the parameters of the low-energy theory. We find that such relations are compatible with the experimental data, within theoretical errors. We also study the mixing among generations, the emergence of the CKM matrix and neutrino oscillations.
description: 32 pages; v2: typos corrected, more references, some more comments - PRD
title: UNFC – a tool the scientific community should be aware of
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Antje
name: Henning, Sören
name: Kolb, Jochen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Fieldwork, sampling and analysis are tasks that most geoscientists enjoy, whether they are aspiring young scientists or experienced field geologists. Some of the activities arouse curious interest others are viewed with scepticism. Yet, what they all have in common is that good communication is part of successful work. Hence, an open and transparent discourse with non-scientists, is of importance as it is for mutual communication among fellow scientists, among and across disciplines.

Natural resources are a valuable asset, so the possibilities, risks, opportunities and challenges associated with projects to explore and use them should be made equally known to all interested parties. The United Nations has developed a tool (UNFC) that can help with communication in order to achieve mutual understanding in the context of resource management.

Furthermore, in its draft legislation on critical raw materials (CRM), the European Commission has proposed to use the UNFC as a mandatory tool in reporting on mineral resources in the EU and in European and national research programmes. EIT Raw Materials - as one of Europes´ largest project promoters - is already encouraged to assess the proposals against the UNFC concept.

Due to the worldwide high demand for CRM, increased exploration activities currently also stepped up in Germany. These projects are at different stages of exploration and development maturity. A unified classification via UNFC could help to support the regional sustainable raw material supply.

This contribution aims to raise awareness of the UNFC concept and improve understanding of its application.
title: Natural Hydrogen – Is it a new game changing energy resource?
Creators: name: Grötsch, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The drive towards net-zero emissions as per the Paris 2015 agreement has resulted in significant efforts to develop sustainable energy resources. In order to change the current energy system, alternative resources need to replace wood, coal, oil and gas. One of the recent new findings in the Geo-Energy sector is natural hydrogen which can be found in many places around the globe as seeps.

Reasons for the lack of interest in hydrogen exploration so far are multi-fold, like nobody considered natural hydrogen as a viable option, hydrogen cannot be detected easily, other energy resources were available in large quantities and at low cost and more. However, many indications point towards a major clean energy resource of the future considering that in the last few years some 300 seeps have been reported. One of the most famous ones is the eternal fires of Chimaera in Turkey, know to burn since more than 2500 years. In the meantime, the first hydrogen exploration companies have formed and even a first long-term production test is ongoing.

Natural (white) hydrogen was until now not considered in the energy transition. If further developments turn out to be successful, this may result in another unexpected game changer in the energy sector similar to coal replacing peat in 1880. However, the question remains, what such a potential new energy opportunity could look like as part of the future energy mix. This talk will highlight the current status and potential ways forward on this new energy resource.
title: Inherited structures and their impact on rift evolution: A numerical study of the South China Sea
Creators: name: Li, Kai
name: Brune, Sascha
name: Erdős, Zoltán
name: Neuharth, Derek
name: Mohn, Geoffroy
name: Glerum, Anne
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The South China Sea experienced Cenozoic rifting in a region that was previously part of a Mesozoic Andean-type orogeny, which presumably had resulted in structural, compositional, and thermal inheritance. Recent studies using seismic profiles, drill cores, and geochronological analysis have revealed evidence for such heterogeneous pre-rift lithosphere in the South China Sea (Fan et al., 2017). Here, we further investigate the impact of orogenic inheritance on rift evolution using a numerical forward model that integrates both geodynamic and landscape evolution software (Neuharth et al., 2022). By varying our velocity boundary conditions over time, the model encompasses first continental collision, followed by post-orogenic collapse, continental rifting, and final lithospheric breakup. The model is constrained by observed crustal thicknesses, cooling history, and lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary depth, and successfully reproduces realistic orogenic topography, thrust fault distribution, and rifted margin of the SCS.We find that during orogeny, crustal thickening leads to the development of inherited weaknesses in the modelled crust. From orogenic collapse to continental rifting, pre-existing thrust faults are reactivated and serve as nucleation sites for normal faults, which interact with later rift-related normal faults to modify the regional stress field. The modeling results demonstrate that pre-existing thrust faults and a ductile lower crust play a crucial role in shaping the wide rifted margin of the SCS. We infer from our results that the location of crustal breakup is often influenced by these inherited structures. These regions have typically undergone thermal weakening, which further facilitates the process of crustal breakup during rifting.
title: Finding the geothermal sweet spots of Germany by integrating the subsurface geological heterogeneity with process simulations
Creators: name: Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena
name: Cacace, Mauro
name: Bott, Judith
name: Anikiev, Denis
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
In Germany the heat demand distribution and operational geothermal production show limited spatial overlap and this is related to the geology in the subsurface. Most of the geothermal energy projects are located in the sedimentary areas of the Molasse Basin, the Upper Rhine Graben and the North German Basin. All these areas have in common that a thermal blanketing effect of young shallow sediments with high porosity keep the heat trapped beneath the insulating porous layer. The North German Basin has an additional heat controlling element - the mobilized Zechstein salt. Salt is thermally twice as conductive as clastic sediments and acts as a chimney for heat transport. The third controlling factor is the basal heat input that depends on the depth to the thermal LAB and the thickness of the upper crystalline crust producing ragiogenic heat, thus adding up to a half to the heat budget in the basins. Finally, the coupled transport of heat and fluid and the composition of the moving fluids add a last layer of complexity in defining geothermal sweet spots. As the fluids can move fast, they can take along their heat/cold, but also may transport solved material that can precipitate and destroy permeability if the PT-regime of the solution changes. The meanwhile increasing resolution of data and structural models of the subsurface open new opposrtunities to simulate heat transport considering the heterogenous physical property distribution as well as physical processes , thus enabling predictions far beyond the interpolation of a few temperatures measurements.
Medications for opioid use disorder among young people : evidence to improve treatment experiences and outcomes in Vancouver, Canada
Creators: name: Pilarinos, Andreas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) continue to be impacted by the toxic drug crisis. This dissertation sought to examine AYAs’ experiences with opioid agonist treatment (OAT) to inform treatment programming and improve health outcomes and well-being among AYA who use opioids. Methods: A systematic review of literature examining access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), including prescription and non-prescription opioids, was conducted from electronic database inception until May 3, 2021. Quantitative analyses derived data from the At-Risk Youth Study, an open, prospective cohort of street-involved AYA who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada, to examine OAT access and outcomes, interest in buprenorphine-naloxone, and factors associated with methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) discontinuation between December 2005 and June 2018. Longitudinal qualitative exploration into experiences navigating OAT and barriers to engagement, retention, and completion were conducted with AYA between January 2018 and August 2020. Results: Systematic review findings suggest AYA are less likely to access MOUD versus adults, and that adolescents are more likely to be prescribed partial opioid agonists. In before and after analysis of OAT outcomes among 454 AYA, greater reductions in daily illicit opioid were observed among AYA retained in OAT versus AYA who did not initiate OAT (-1.83 vs. -0.63, p=0.015), but no other reductions were observed. Low levels of initial buprenorphine-naloxone interest were reported (n=60, 13.4%), which was negatively associated with self-reported Indigenous identity, and racial or ethnic identity, while later study follow-up period was negatively associated with buprenorphine-naloxone interest over time. A majority of 160 AYA who initiated MMT over the study period discontinued MMT (n=102, 63.8%), which was found to be positively associated with crystal methamphetamine use. Lastly, qualitative findings demonstrate barriers experienced by AYA navigating OAT and highlight ways to improve OAT access, engagement, and discontinuation. Conclusions: Findings from this dissertation suggest OAT alone is insufficient for helping AYA to meet their treatment goals. AYA require access to essential socioeconomic supports alongside culturally safe and patient-centered treatments and a broader range of OAT. Clinical treatment guidelines require updating to align with AYAs’ needs while recognizing the potential harms of overmedicalizing treatment.
Additional file 2 of Antimicrobial resistance awareness and antibiotic prescribing behavior among healthcare workers in Nigeria: a national survey
Creators: name: Chukwu, Emelda E.
name: Oladele, David A.
name: Enwuru, Christian A.
name: Gogwan, Peter L.
name: Abuh, Dennis
name: Audu, Rosemary A.
name: Folasade T. Ogunsola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table 1: Across and within state distribution of knowledge score. Table 2: Distribution of Healthcare workers in the different States. Figure 1: Summary of responses by State Healthcare workers to the relevance of the topic of Antimicrobial resistance to their daily work. Figure 2: Summary of responses by State healthcare to the influence of their Antimicrobial prescription behavior to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Figure 3: Across the profession response to the relevance of Antimicrobial resistance to daily work. Figure 4: Across the profession response to the influence of Antimicrobial prescribing behavior to the development of AMR. Figure 5: Across the healthcare center response to relevance of the topic of Antimicrobial resistance to their daily work. Figure 6: Across the healthcare center response to the influence of their Antimicrobial prescription behavior to development of antimicrobial resistance
Additional file 1 of Antimicrobial resistance awareness and antibiotic prescribing behavior among healthcare workers in Nigeria: a national survey
Creators: name: Chukwu, Emelda E.
name: Oladele, David A.
name: Enwuru, Christian A.
name: Gogwan, Peter L.
name: Abuh, Dennis
name: Audu, Rosemary A.
name: Folasade T. Ogunsola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Questionnaire.
MOESM3 of Genetic architecture of quantitative traits in beef cattle revealed by genome wide association studies of imputed whole genome sequence variants: II: carcass merit traits
Creators: name: Wang, Yining
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Mukiibi, Robert
name: Chen, Liuhong
name: Vinsky, Michael
name: Plastow, Graham
name: Basarab, John
name: Stothard, Paul
name: Li, Changxi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 3: This file contains additional Tables including Table S1. Functional annotation of 7.8 M WGS variants along with the number of variants in each class, classification of SNP functions, percentage of WGS and 9 functional class assignments; Table S2. Functional annotation of 50 K SNP genotypes after quality control along with the number of variants in each class, classification of SNP functions, percentage of WGS and 9 functional class assignments; Table S3. SNP functional annotation of all DNA variants (38,318,974) based on DNA variants of the 1000 bulls genome project; Table S4. List of lead SNPs that were overlapped with QTLs published in the Cattle QTL database within 1 M bp up or 1 M bp downstream for HCW, AFAT, REA, LMY, and CMAR.