cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theoretical analysis of quantum turbulence using the Onsager "ideal turbulence" theory
Creators: name: Tanogami, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate three-dimensional quantum turbulence as described by the Gross-Pitaevskii model using the analytical method exploited in the Onsager "ideal turbulence" theory. We derive the scale-independence of the scale-to-scale kinetic energy flux and establish a double-cascade scenario: at scales much larger than the mean intervortex $\ell_i$, the Richardson cascade becomes dominant, whereas at scales much smaller than $\ell_i$, another type of cascade is induced by quantum stress. We then evaluate the corresponding velocity power spectrum using a phenomenological argument. The relation between the novel cascade, which we call quantum stress cascade, and the Kelvin-wave cascade is also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures. Minor revisions are made in ver. 3
Non-standard Hamiltonian effects on neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Blennow, Mattias
name: Ohlsson, Tommy
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-standard Hamiltonian effects on neutrino oscillations, which are effective additional contributions to the vacuum or matter Hamiltonian. Since these effects can enter in either flavor or mass basis, we develop an understanding of the difference between these bases representing the underlying theoretical model. In particular, the simplest of these effects are classified as ``pure'' flavor or mass effects, where the appearance of such a ``pure'' effect can be quite plausible as a leading non-standard contribution from theoretical models. Compared to earlier studies investigating particular effects, we aim for a top-down classification of a possible ``new physics'' signature at future long-baseline neutrino oscillation precision experiments. We develop a general framework for such effects with two neutrino flavors and discuss the extension to three neutrino flavors, as well as we demonstrate the challenges for a neutrino factory to distinguish the theoretical origin of these effects with a numerical example. We find how the precision measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters can be altered by non-standard effects alone (not including non-standard interactions in the creation and detection processes) and that the non-standard effects on Hamiltonian level can be distinguished from other non-standard effects (such as neutrino decoherence and decay) if we consider specific imprint of the effects on the energy spectra of several different oscillation channels at a neutrino factory.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX, final version, published in Eur.Phys.J. C
Vehicle Noise Survey in Kentucky
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Individual noise measurements were obtained on 10,500 motor vehicles operating on Kentucky highways. The roadways were selected to represent varied geometric and environmental conditions and posted speed limits. Percentages of automobiles and trucks exceeding a given level of noise were determined. As expected, noise levels of trucks were significantly higher than for automobiles, and larger trucks produced higher noise levels than smaller trucks. For any vehicle type, noise increased with an increase in speed limit.
Additional file 7 of The influence of a supervised group exercise intervention combined with active lifestyle recommendations on breast cancer survivors’ health, physical functioning, and quality of life indices: study protocol for a randomized and controlled trial
Creators: name: Riani Costa, Luiz Augusto
name: F. Barreto, Raphael
name: de Leandrini, Sarah Milani Moraes
name: Gurgel, Aline Rachel Bezerra
name: de Sales, Gabriel Toledo
name: Voltarelli, Vanessa Azevedo
name: de Castro, Gilberto
name: Fenton, Sally A. M.
name: Turner, James E.
name: Klausener, Christian
name: Neves, Lucas Melo
name: Ugrinowitsch, Carlos
name: Farah, Jose Carlos
name: Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes
name: Brito, Christina May Moran
name: Brum, Patricia Chakur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7.
Engineering Data System for Bedrock Occurrences and Properties
Creators: name: Hagerty, D. J.
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Palmer, M. W.
name: Tockstein, C. D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The initial work plan included the development of a classification system based on index tests. An investigation of previous works in classification of rock on the basis of index tests showed that a variety of classification systems utilizing many different index tests had been developed. However, this survey showed that no generally applicable system had been developed and that little communication had been established between field investigators, facility designers, and those in charge of construction and maintenance of facilities. Therefore, the initial plan for work was modified to include the development of a comprehensive methodology for evaluation of rock. The development of such an evaluation schema was to include the establishment of an information bank to provide access to collected data by any interested individual. The first step in the development of this rock evaluation program was a survey of the categories of information that have been collected concerning geologic materials, particularly rock strata. On the basis of this investigation of existing data, a method was devised to collect, categorize, and present more extensive data on rock materials. The general schema for the evaluation program was then developed. At the present time, a research effort is continuing to test and verify the validity of the evaluation program which has been developed. A final step in this effort will be a full implementation of the rock evaluation program for project planning in Kentucky.
title: AI3SD Video: Dimensionality in chemistry: using multidimensional data for machine learning
Creators: name: Gale, Ella
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AI, AI3SD Event, Artificial Intelligence, Chemistry, Machine Intelligence, Machine Learning, ML, Molecules, multidimensional data

description: In the last hundred years mankind has fully absorbed the idea of multi-dimensional space, starting with 4D space time. Due to the increase in computational power, scientists can now manipulate molecules in 4D (3D vibrating molecules in VR) and work with multidimensional datasets, which are needed to utilize big data and machine learning. However, our intuition from 3D space can fall down when dealing with higher dimensions and a lack of intuition can lead to mistakes in analysis. In this talk I will discuss how to think about the best dimensional space to use to describe chemical problems, how multi-dimensional space is different, techniques for using it and analysing the outputs of machine learning.
Measuring and Testing Advertising-Induced Rotation in the Demand Curve
Creators: name: Zheng, Yuqing
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Zheng, Yuqing
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Advertising can rotate the demand curve if it changes the dispersion of consumers' valuations. We provide an elasticity form measure of the advertising-induced demand curve rotation in five demand models and test for its presence in the U.S. non-alcoholic beverage market. The AIDS model reveals that doubling advertising spending rotates the demand curves clockwise for milk, and coffee and tea with associated slope changes of 7.3% and 11.6%. Soft-drink advertising rotates its demand curve counterclockwise. Our policy suggestion is that milk and soft-drink firms might enhance profits by timing advertising to coincide with high- and low-price periods, respectively.
Entanglement Entropy for $T \bar T$, $J \bar T$, $T \bar J$ deformed holographic CFT
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumangsu
name: Hashimoto, Akikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the geodesic equation for determining the Ryu-Takayanagi surface in $AdS_3$ deformed by single trace $μT \bar T + \varepsilon_+ J \bar T + \varepsilon_- T \bar J$ deformation for generic values of $(μ, \varepsilon_+, \varepsilon_-)$ for which the background is free of singularities. For generic values of $\varepsilon_\pm$, Lorentz invariance is broken, and the Ryu-Takayanagi surface embeds non-trivially in time as well as spatial coordinates. We solve the geodesic equation and characterize the UV and IR behavior of the entanglement entropy and the Casini-Huerta $c$-function. We comment on various features of these observables in the $(μ, \varepsilon_+, \varepsilon_-)$ parameter space. We discuss the matching at leading order in small $(μ, \varepsilon_+, \varepsilon_-)$ expansion of the entanglement entropy between the single trace deformed holographic system and a class of double trace deformed theories where a strictly field theoretic analysis is possible. We also comment on expectation value of a large rectangular Wilson loop-like observable.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
Evaluating Labor Productivity in Food Retailing
Creators: name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: elasticity of complementarity
subject: employee compensation
subject: food retailing
subject: inverse price elasticities

description: New store formats including competition from supercenters (driven by Wal-Mart), warehouse clubs, and mass merchandisers have emerged as a major threat to traditional grocery chains. A key issue in the food retailing sector is to understand how the earnings of employees respond to the evolution of new retail store formats and store organizational characteristics. The elasticity of complementarity for food retailers measures how changes in store size affect use of full-time and part-time employees. The evidence for constant returns to scale suggests that the Hicks elasticity of complementarity is the appropriate measure to assess input substitutability for food retailers. As store size increases the marginal value of labor rises and firms hire more part-time employees, along with a smaller increase in full-time workers.
Corrections for Quantitative Image Reconstruction with phenoPET, a Plant Dedicated PET Scanner
Creators: name: Hinz, Carsten
name: Pflugfelder, Daniel
name: Metzner, Ralf
name: Streun, Matthias
name: Scheins, Jürgen
name: Koller, Robert
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: PET Electronics & Technologies 2023, PETtech23, Duisburg, Germany, 12 Sep 2023 - 13 Sep 2023
description: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) allows the in vivo measurement of transport and allocation of recently produced photo-assimilates in plants, which are labeled with $^{11}$C. We operate the plant dedicated system phenoPET which consists of lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate crystals readout with digital Silicon photomultiplier (Digital Photon Counter (DPC) by Phillips). The horizontal Field-of-View (FOV) with a diameter of 180$\,$mm and a height of 200$\,$mm allows the measurements of plants in their natural orientation. Raw data are analyzed offline and reconstructed with Ordinary Poisson Maximum Likelihood Expectation-Maximization (OP-MLEM) provided by PET Reconstruction Software Toolkit (PRESTO). We will present the implemented corrections to reconstruct quantitative images and approaches to speed-up those image reconstructions.
Ex-Ante Analysis of the Benefits of Transgenic Drought Tolerance Research on Cereal Crops in Low-Income Countries
Creators: name: Kostandini, Genti
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Wood, Stanley
name: Kostandini, Genti
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Omamo, Steven Were
name: Wood, Stanley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper examines the ex-ante benefits of transgenic research on drought in eight developing countries, including the potential magnitude of private sector profits. The framework employs country-specific agroecological-drought risk zones and considers both yield increases and yield variance reductions when estimating producer and consumer benefits from research. Risk benefits from yield variance reductions are shown to be an important component of aggregate drought research benefits, representing 41 percent of total benefits across the eight countries. Further, estimated annual benefits of $US 93 million to the private sector suggest that significant incentives exist for private sector participation in varietal drought tolerance research.
Extreme Black Hole Anabasis
Creators: name: Hadar, Shahar
name: Lupsasca, Alexandru
name: Porfyriadis, Achilleas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $\mathsf{SL}(2)$ transformation properties of spherically symmetric perturbations of the Bertotti-Robinson universe and identify an invariant $μ$ that characterizes the backreaction of these linear solutions. The only backreaction allowed by Birkhoff's theorem is one that destroys the $AdS_2\times S^2$ boundary and builds the exterior of an asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordström black hole with $Q=M\sqrt{1-μ/4}$. We call such backreaction with boundary condition change an anabasis. We show that the addition of linear anabasis perturbations to Bertotti-Robinson may be thought of as a boundary condition that defines a connected $AdS_2\times S^2$. The connected $AdS_2$ is a nearly-$AdS_2$ with its $\mathsf{SL}(2)$ broken appropriately for it to maintain connection to the asymptotically flat region of Reissner-Nordström. We perform a backreaction calculation with matter in the connected $AdS_2\times S^2$ and show that it correctly captures the dynamics of the asymptotically flat black hole.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures; v2: typo corrected, refs added; v3: minor edits, more refs added, matches published version
Reduced Density Matrix Functional for Many-Electron Systems
Creators: name: Sharma, S.
name: Dewhurst, J. K.
name: Lathiotakis, N. N.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reduced density matrix functional theory for the case of solids is presented and a new exchange correlation functional based on a fractional power of the density matrix is introduced. We show that compared to other functionals, this produces more accurate results for both finite systems. Moreover, it captures the correct band gap behavior for conventional semiconductors as well as strongly correlated Mott insulators, where a gap is obtained in absence of any magnetic ordering.
description: 4 figs and 1 table
Long-Range Reading of Multiple Chipless Sensors from the Isoline Processing of 3D Radar Images
Creators: name: Djilani, A. Hadj
name: Henry, Dominique
name: Ahmad, A. El Sayed
name: Pons, Patrick
name: Aubert, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we report the long-range and wireless interrogation of multiple chipless sensors from the isoline processing of three-dimensional polarimetric radar images. A Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Radar operating at 24 GHz is used for the indoor interrogation of four sensors in the basement of a Laboratory. In such cluttered environment, the proposed radar image processing based on isolines computation allows the wireless measurement range of sensors up to 5.8m.
Self-Similar Buildup and Inside-Out Growth: Tracing the Evolution of Intermediate to High-Mass Star-Forming Galaxies Since $z=2$
Creators: name: Hasheminia, Maryam
name: Mosleh, Moein
name: Hosseini-ShahiSavandi, S. Zahra
name: Tacchella, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to discern scenarios of structural evolution of intermediate to high-mass star-forming galaxies (SFGs) since cosmic noon by comparing their stellar mass profiles with present-day stellar masses of $\log(M_{\ast,0}/M_{\odot})=10.3-11$. We addressed discrepancies in the size evolution rates of SFGs, which may be caused by variations in sample selection and methods for size measurements. To check these factors, we traced the evolution of individual galaxies by identifying their progenitors using stellar mass growth histories (SMGHs), integrating along the star-forming main sequence and from the IllustrisTNG simulations. Comparison between the structural parameters estimated from the mass- and light-based profiles shows that mass-weighted size evolves at a slower pace compared to light-based ones, highlighting the need to consider the mass-to-light ratio ($M/L$) gradients. Additionally, we observed mass-dependent growth in stellar mass profiles: massive galaxies ($\log(M_{\ast,0}/M_{\odot})\gtrsim10.8$) formed central regions at $z\gtrsim1.5$ and grew faster in outer regions, suggesting inside-out growth, while intermediate and less massive SFGs followed a relatively self-similar mass buildup since $z\sim2$. Moreover, slopes of observed size evolution conflict with the predictions of TNG50 for samples selected using the same SMGHs across our redshift range. To explore the origin of this deviation, we examined changes in angular momentum (AM) retention fraction using the half-mass size evolution and employing a simple disk formation model. Assuming similar dark matter halo parameters, our calculations indicate that the AM inferred from observations halved in the last 10 Gyr while it remained relatively constant in TNG50. This higher AM in simulations may be due to the accretion of high-AM gases into disks.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 25 pages, 11 figures
Direct measurement of density-matrix elements using a phase-shifting technique Tianfeng
Creators: name: Feng, Tianfeng
name: Ren, Changliang
name: Zhou, Xiaoqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct measurement protocol allows reconstructing specific elements of the density matrix of a quantum state without using quantum state tomography. However, the direct measurement protocols to date are primarily based on weak or strong measurements with an ancillary pointer, which interacts with the investigated system to extract information about the specified elements. Here, we present a direct measurement scheme based on phase-shifting operations which do not need ancillary pointers. In this method, estimates of at most six expectation values of projective observables suffice to determine any specific element of an unknown quantum density matrix. A concrete quantum circuit to implement this direct measurement protocol for multiqubit states is provided, which is composed of just single-qubit gates and two multiqubit controlled-phase gates. This scheme is also extended for the direct measurement of the density matrix of continuous-variable quantum states. Our method can be used in quantum information applications where only partial information about the quantum state needs to be extracted, for example, problems such as entanglement witnessing, fidelity estimation of quantum systems, and quantum coherence estimation.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The flavor physics in unified gauge theory from an S_3*P discrete symmetry
Creators: name: Morisi, Stefano
name: Picariello, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenological implication of the discrete symmetry S_3*P on flavor physics in SO(10) unified theory. We construct a minimal renormalizable model which reproduces all the masses and mixing angle of both quarks and leptons. As usually the SO(10) symmetry gives up to relations between the down sector and the charged lepton masses. The underlining discrete symmetry gives a contribution (from the charged lepton sector) to the PMNS mixing matrix which is bimaximal. This gives a strong correlation between the down quark and charged lepton masses, and the lepton mixing angles. We obtain that the small entries V_{ub}, V_{cb}, V_{td}, and V_{ts} in the CKM matrix are related to the small value of the ratio "dm^2_{sol}/dm^2_{atm}": they come from both the S_2*P structure of our model and the small ratio of the other quark masses with respect to m_t.
description: 5 pages, revtex4. v2: published version
Additional file 1 of Improving postal survey response using behavioural science: a nested randomised control trial
Creators: name: McBride, Emily
name: Mase, Hiromi
name: Kerrison, Robert S.
name: Marlow, Laura A. V.
name: Waller, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*.
An Incentive System for Salmonella Control in the Pork Supply Chain
Creators: name: Backus, Ge B.C.
name: King, Robert P.
name: Backus, Ge B.C.
name: King, Robert P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dynamic programming
subject: food quality
subject: principal-agent

description: This paper presents a dynamic principal-agent analysis of an incentive system for Salmonella control in the pork supply chain. The incentive system determines quality premiums to the producer, testing frequencies for hogs delivered, as well as charges to the producer for testing and penalties. Using cost estimates and technical parameters, we evaluate the cost effectiveness of plant and farm control measures and trade-offs between prevalence reduction and related costs and gains. We also assess the impact of ownership structure on incentive system parameters and performance for a wide range of prevalence threshold levels. Differences in control actions, bacteriological prevalence and the overall welfare gain for the chain are very small across ownership structures. Changes in the prevalence threshold level lead to substantial changes in the use of farm and plant control packages and performance measures.
A Guide to Preparing Research Reports and Technical Talks
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This manual has been prepared to provide guidance to writers of technical reports which are to be issued by the Division of Research, Kentucky Bureau of Highways. Concepts of technical report writing are presented. Specific instructions concerning the preparation and submission of reports for review are also presented. Appendices included provide rules for grammar, punctuation, etc. which cause engineer-writers particular problems.
The dually flat structure for singular models
Creators: name: Nakajima, Naomichi
name: Ohmoto, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53B12(Primary)

description: The dually flat structure introduced by Amari-Nagaoka is highlighted in information geometry and related fields. In practical applications, however, the underlying pseudo-Riemannian metric may often be degenerate, and such an excellent geometric structure is rarely defined on the entire space. To fix this trouble, in the present paper, we propose a novel generalization of the dually flat structure for a certain class of singular models from the viewpoint of Lagrange and Legendre singularity theory - we introduce a quasi-Hessian manifold endowed with a possibly degenerate metric and a particular symmetric cubic tensor, which exceeds the concept of statistical manifolds and is adapted to the theory of (weak) contrast functions. In particular, we establish Amari-Nagaoka's extended Pythagorean theorem and projection theorem in this general setup, and consequently, most of applications of these theorems are suitably justified even for such singular cases. This work is motivated by various interests with different backgrounds from Frobenius structure in mathematical physics to Deep Learning in data science.
description: 29pages, 5figures
The off-shell behaviour of propagators and the Goldstone field in higher spin gauge theory on $AdS_{d+1}$ space
Creators: name: Manvelyan, Ruben
name: Ruehl, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed analysis of the structure and gauge dependence of the bulk-to-bulk propagators for the higher spin gauge fields in $AdS$ space is performed. The possible freedom in the construction of the propagators is investigated and fixed by the correct boundary behaviour and correspondence to the representation theory results for the $AdS$ space isometry group. The classical origin of the Goldstone mode and its connection with the gauge fixing procedure is considered.
description: Latex, 18 pages, misprints corrected, references added, one section and one appendix added
Economic Pressures and the Ethical Attitudes of Farmers
Creators: name: James, Harvey S.
name: Hendrickson, Mary K.
name: James, Harvey S.
name: Hendrickson, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Farm Management

description: We consider the effect of economic pressures on the ethical attitudes of farmers. We present a model to derive the hypothesis that an increase in the economic pressures a farmer faces will result in that farmer being more willing to justify or rationalize unethical conduct or to express attitudes more accommodating of unethical conduct than farmers not experiencing economic pressures. We use data from a survey of 3,000 Missouri farmers with farm sales in excess of $10,000 in 2005. In the survey farmers were asked how acceptable they considered various unethical farming practices. The survey also contained questions designed to measure economic pressures. We find small but statistically significant evidence that economic pressures result in a greater willingness to tolerate unethical conduct, particular in the case of actions that have the potential of causing harm or that are influenced by law or contract. Interestingly, these results are reversed for actions that are ethically questionable but are not harmful or unlawful.
Charge radii of the nucleon from its flavor dependent Dirac form factors
Creators: name: Atac, H.
name: Constantinou, M.
name: Meziani, Z. -E.
name: Paolone, M.
name: Sparveris, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have determined the proton and the neutron charge radii from a global analysis of the proton and the neutron elastic form factors, after first performing a flavor decomposition of these form factors under charge symmetry in the light cone frame formulation. We then extracted the transverse mean-square radii of the flavor dependent quark distributions. In turn, these are related in a model-independent way to the proton and neutron charge radii but allow us to take into account motion effects of the recoiling nucleon for data at finite but high momentum transfer. In the proton case we find $\langle r_p \rangle = 0.852 \pm0.002_{\rm (stat.)} \pm0.009_{\rm (syst.)}~({\rm fm})$, consistent with the proton charge radius obtained from muonic hydrogen spectroscopy \cite{pohl:2010,antog2013}. The current method improves on the precision of the $\langle r_p \rangle$ extraction based on the form factor measurements. Furthermore, we find no discrepancy in the $\langle r_p \rangle$ determination among the different electron scattering measurements, all of which, utilizing the current method of extraction, result in a value that is consistent with the smallest $\langle r_p \rangle$ extraction from the electron scattering measurements \cite{Xiong:2019umf}. Concerning the neutron case, past results relied solely on the neutron-electron scattering length measurements, which suffer from an underestimation of underlying systematic uncertainties inherent to the extraction technique. Utilizing the present method we have performed the first extraction of the neutron charge radius based on nucleon form factor data, and we find $\langle r_n^2 \rangle = -0.122 \pm0.004_{\rm (stat.)} \pm0.010_{\rm (syst.)}~({\rm fm}^2)$.
Additional file 2 of Improving postal survey response using behavioural science: a nested randomised control trial
Creators: name: McBride, Emily
name: Mase, Hiromi
name: Kerrison, Robert S.
name: Marlow, Laura A. V.
name: Waller, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. The TIDieR (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) Checklist*.
Effects of Water on Slope Stability
Creators: name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
name: Allen, David L.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A brief state-of-the-art review of the effects of water on slope stability and the techniques for analysis is presented. The effective stress principle and basic considerations of slope stability, including design factors of safety, are discussed briefly. The derivations and effects of seepage forces and rapid drawdown on effective stress are also presented. Various conditions of external loading produce changes in effective stress. These changes are discussed and limiting conditions which should be analyzed are mentioned.  Limitations of total stress analyses are discussed in detail. It appears that, for soils having a liquidity index of 0.36 or greater (normally consolidated), the undrained shear strength gives factors of safety close to the actual factor of safety. For soils with a liquidity index less than 0.36 (overconsolidated), the undrained shear strength gives factors of safety that are too high; but the strength parameters can be corrected by the empirical relationship presented herein. Data also show that the difference between vane and calculated shear strength increased as the plasticity index and (or) the liquid limit increased. An empirical relationship for correcting vane shear strength is presented.  A discussion of effective stress analysis, including differences between peak and residual φ angles for normally consolidated and overconsolidated soils, is presented. The residual φ angle decreases logarithmically with increasing clay fraction. The "critical" state of a clay is also defined. Sheer strength parameters of a clay tested in that state correspond to the theoretical strength of an overconsolidated clay which has undergone a process of softening. To test a clay in the critical state, it is suggested herein the soil should be remolded to a moisture content equal to 0.36 times the plastic index plus the plastic limit.  Water may cause unstable conditions in earth slopes due to changes in geometry. Erosion of the toe or the slope can induce damaging stress. Piping through heaving or erosion of subsurface layers can cause damage. Construction of side-hill embankments can cause danuning, resulting in a rise in the water table.  Methods of water detection are also summarized. These include tracers, electrical resistivity, and water table observations. The tatter method apparently is the most successful. A discussion of ways to monitor water pressures, including the types and operations of piezometers, is given. Finally, suggested guidelines for the design of earth slopes are included.
Double Copy in Higher Derivative Operators of Nambu-Goldstone Bosons
Creators: name: Low, Ian
name: Rodina, Laurentiu
name: Yin, Zhewei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the existence of double copy structure, or the lack thereof, in higher derivative operators for Nambu-Goldstone bosons. At the leading ${\cal O}(p^2)$, tree amplitudes of Nambu-Goldstone bosons in the adjoint representation can be (trivially) expressed as the double copy of itself and the cubic bi-adjoint scalar theory, through the Kawai-Lewellen-Tye bilinear kernel. At the next-to-leading ${\cal O}(p^4)$ there exist four operators in general, among which we identify one operator whose amplitudes exhibit the flavor-kinematics duality and can be written as the double copy of ${\cal O}(p^2)$ Nambu-Goldstone amplitudes and the Yang-Mills+$ϕ^3$ theory, involving both gluons and gauged cubic bi-adjoint scalars. The specific operator turns out to coincide with the scalar ${\cal O}(p^4)$ operator in the so-called extended Dirac-Born-Infeld theory, for which the aforementioned double copy relation holds more generally.
description: 26 pages + appendices, 4 figures; typos fixed in v3
Lav Diaz: Journeys
Creators: name: Ingawanij, May Adadol
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2017
Subjects: Lav Diaz, curation, spectatorship, world cinema
CREAM Portfolio

description: Lav Diaz: Journeys (2017) deploys the university arts spaces (London Gallery West, Regent Street Cinema), as differentiated from film festival or highly commercial film venues, to adapt the migratory model of exhibiting radical films and artists’ moving image. Ingawanij and collaborators created a hybrid space, a pop-up cinema and Southeast Asian curatorial space, to present Diaz’s works, accompanied by public programmes and an archival theatrical presentation. Underpinning the curatorial method is an understanding of histories and practices of artistic and participatory agency in contexts of fragile and at-risk arts infrastructure, and attentiveness to the legacy of artistic and cultural vanguardism in the Philippines. Ingawanij’s curation also draws inspiration from Southeast Asian genealogies of performative practices, informality as curatorial praxis, and spectatorial participation and experience. Her first article explores the aesthetic and political forms of Diaz’s long films. The second analyses the vexed exhibition history of Diaz’s long films, critically highlighting the tensions shaped by the persistence of the western modernist paradigm of art film spectatorship in advocating the value of global contemporary art or radical films, especially through the idea of “slow cinema”. The project generated multiple insights into the values and potentiality of Diaz’s films: ambiguities of anticolonial nationalist legacies in contemporary artistic praxis; sociality of durational forms and spectatorial labour routed through specific regional and/or national genealogies; porosity of film curation and participatory spectatorship.
Dining out : bourgeois anxiety in nineteenth century Paris
Creators: name: Black, Rachel Eden
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: At the end of the nineteenth century, middle-class social life in Paris underwent drastic changes. Restaurant life, gastronomic literature and literary dinners during this period offer an interesting social and cultural discourse on middle-class social life. Restaurants were unique environments, where private and public lives mingled. By studying eating habits and the spaces in which people preferred to both eat and socialize, it is possible to learn more about middle-class identity. Brillat-Savarin's aphorism, "tell me what you eat and I will tell you who you are," rings true in the case of the Parisian bourgeoisie during the nineteenth century. Consequently, dining out can provide a window onto social changes that are difficult to discern using textual sources or conventional historiographical approaches. This paper focuses on the period of 1848 to 1888. The close of the century compounded both the excitement and the uncertainty of modern life. These sentiments were expressed in a multitude of ways: from daily life in the quartiers of Paris to high art in the salons. The restaurant Chez Brebant, located in Montmartre, serves as a specific case study. In conjunction, the gastronomic writings of Charles Monselet (1825-1888) help to further illuminate the middle-class perspective of changing sociability and eating habits during this period. Beginning with a brief history of the restaurant in Paris, this paper follows the rise and fall of the middle-class restaurant as an important place for bourgeois social life. The second chapter deals with the affects of Haussmannization and mass culture on bourgeois group identity. In conclusion, the third chapter looks at the resistance to change that was expressed by gastronomic literature and bourgeois hommes de lettres at the end Second Empire. Dining out offers insight into how the democratization of taste affected the bourgeoisie as a group. The modernization of city-life was a central cause of anxiety. This study attempts to offer new insights into the complexity of the daily lives of the Parisian bourgeoisie during a period of rapid change.
Birefringence of electromagnetic waves in the relic neutrino gas
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
name: Semikoz, Victor B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the problem of the birefringence of electromagnetic (EM) waves in a medium consisting of a plasma and a $ν\barν$-gas within the Standard Model of particle physics. The considered effect arises in such a medium due to the parity violation for the electroweak neutrino-electron interaction. Our recent calculations of the electroweak correction to the photon polarization operator in the electroweak plasma allow us to significantly improve some previous estimates of such effect in astrophysics. We estimate the rotary power for EM waves propagating in a non-relativistic plasma in the intergalactic space and interacting with the gas of relic neutrinos and antineutrinos there. We show that, in presence of a plasma, the EM wave birefringence effect in a $ν\barν$-gas exceeds significantly that effect in a $ν\barν$-gas in empty space considered earlier. These previous treatments of the birefringence relied on the calculations of the refraction index for on-shell photons in vacuum using the forward scattering amplitude $γν\to γν$ with virtual charged leptons in Feynman diagrams. The possibility to observe experimentally the new effect suggested here is discussed.
description: 12 pages in Latex, 1 eps figure, JCAP LaTeX style; title has been changed, minor corrections in the text; version published in JCAP
Testing the assumptions of linear prediction analysis in normal vowels
Creators: name: Little, Max
name: McSharry, Patrick E.
name: Moroz, Irene M.
name: Roberts, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper develops an improved surrogate data test to show experimental evidence, for all the simple vowels of US English, for both male and female speakers, that Gaussian linear prediction analysis, a ubiquitous technique in current speech technologies, cannot be used to extract all the dynamical structure of real speech time series. The test provides robust evidence undermining the validity of these linear techniques, supporting the assumptions of either dynamical nonlinearity and/or non-Gaussianity common to more recent, complex, efforts at dynamical modelling speech time series. However, an additional finding is that the classical assumptions cannot be ruled out entirely, and plausible evidence is given to explain the success of the linear Gaussian theory as a weak approximation to the true, nonlinear/non-Gaussian dynamics. This supports the use of appropriate hybrid linear/nonlinear/non-Gaussian modelling. With a calibrated calculation of statistic and particular choice of experimental protocol, some of the known systematic problems of the method of surrogate data testing are circumvented to obtain results to support the conclusions to a high level of significance.
Anomalous transport and relaxation in classical one-dimensional models
Creators: name: Basile, G.
name: Delfini, L.
name: Lepri, S.
name: Livi, R.
name: Olla, S.
name: Politi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After reviewing the main features of anomalous energy transport in 1D systems, we report simulations performed with chains of noisy anharmonic oscillators. The stochastic terms are added in such a way to conserve total energy and momentum, thus keeping the basic hydrodynamic features of these models. The addition of this "conservative noise" allows to obtain a more efficient estimate of the power-law divergence of heat conductivity kappa(L) ~ L^alpha in the limit of small noise and large system size L. By comparing the numerical results with rigorous predictions obtained for the harmonic chain, we show how finite--size and --time effects can be effectively controlled. For low noise amplitudes, the alpha values are close to 1/3 for asymmetric potentials and to 0.4 for symmetric ones. These results support the previously conjectured two-universality-classes scenario.
Additional file 3 of Improving postal survey response using behavioural science: a nested randomised control trial
Creators: name: McBride, Emily
name: Mase, Hiromi
name: Kerrison, Robert S.
name: Marlow, Laura A. V.
name: Waller, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Survey used in the study.
title: AI3SD Video: Artificial Intelligence's new clothes? From General Purpose Technology to Large Technical System
Creators: name: Vannuccini, Simone
name: Prytkova, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AI, AI3SD Event, Artificial Intelligent

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to be characterised by wide applicability; for this reason, it has been quickly labelled a General Purpose Technology (GPT). In this paper, we critically assess whether AI is really a GPT. Provided that the answer is "not exactly", we suggest that an alternative framework drawn from the literature on large technical systems (LTS) could be useful to understand the nature of AI. AI, in its current understanding, is a "system technology"- a collection of techniques built and enabled by the conjunction of many sub-systems. From this premise, we try the fundamental building blocks of LTS on AI to provide new insights on its nature, goal orientation, and the actors and factors playing a role in enabling or constraining its development. Thinking in terms of AI LTS can help researchers to identify how control is distributed, coordination is achieved, and where decisions take place, or which levers actors (among which policy makers) can pull to relax constraints or steer the evolution of AI.
Natural inflation with a nonminimal coupling to gravity
Creators: name: Reyimuaji, Yakefu
name: Zhang, Xinyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although natural inflation is a theoretically well-motivated model for cosmic inflation, it is in tension with recent Planck cosmic microwave background anisotropy measurements. We present a way to alleviate this tension by considering a very weak nonminimal coupling of the inflaton field to gravity in both contexts of metric and Palatini formulations of general relativity. We start our discussions with a generic form of the inflaton coupling to the Ricci scalar, then focus on a simple form to do phenomenological study. Our results show that such an extension can bring natural inflation's predictions to a good agreement with the Planck data. Depending on values of the coupling constant $ξ$ and the symmetry breaking scale $f$, we find that with $|ξ|\sim 10^{-3}$ and $f\gtrsim 2.0 M_{\mathrm{pl}}$ predictions of the model stay inside $68\%$ CL allowed region until $f$ increases up to $7.7 M_{\mathrm{pl}}$, then only inside $95\%$ CL region after $f$ exceeds the latter value. The predictions from the metric and the Palatini theories are very similar due to the simple form of the coupling function we use and the small magnitude of the coupling $ξ$. Successful reheating can also be realized in this model.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, revisions made, references added, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Large deviations of the Lyapunov exponent in 2D matrix Langevin dynamics with applications to one-dimensional Anderson Localization models
Creators: name: Monthus, Cecile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the 2D matrix Langevin dynamics that corresponds to the continuous-time limit of the product of some $2 \times 2$ random matrices, the finite-time Lyapunov exponent can be written as an additive functional of the associated Riccati process submitted to some Langevin dynamics on the infinite periodic ring. Its large deviations properties can be thus analyzed from two points of view that are equivalent in the end by consistency but give different perspectives. In the first approach, one starts from the large deviations at level 2.5 for the joint probability of the empirical density and of the empirical current of the Riccati process and one performs the appropriate Euler-Lagrange optimization in order to compute the cumulant generating function of the Lyapunov exponent. In the second approach, this cumulant generating function is obtained from the spectral analysis of the appropriate tilted Fokker-Planck operator. The associated conditioned process obtained via the generalization of Doob's h-transform allows to clarify the equivalence with the first approach. Finally, applications to one-dimensional Anderson Localization models are described in order to obtain explicitly the first cumulants of the finite-size Lyapunov exponent.
description: v2=revised version (43 pages)