cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Salvadorean and Guatemalan youth in exile : adapting to life in Canada
Creators: name: Smiley, William James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of Salvadorean and Guatemalan youth adapting to life in Canada. Qualitative methods were used to allow the participants to share their experiences and perceptions in their own words. The data emphasize individuality and common concerns rather than numbers or labels. Focused interviews were done with youth between the ages of 16 and 24 years. Thirteen males and eleven females were interviewed. Their time in Canada ranged from a couple of weeks to five years. The findings revealed that many were experiencing emotional and psychological wounds due to traumatic pre-migration experiences of war and violence. Symptoms reported included; nightmares, insomnia, intrusive memories, lack of concentration, depression, and anxiety. Our social and mental health services are not prepared to deal with these problems. The highest risk population seemed to be single young men who have come to Canada as refugee claimants. They do not even have the support of family and friends. These young men also face the added stress of waiting to see if they will be deported or allowed to stay in Canada. The youth described adapting to the cultural differences, their experiences of discrimination and racism, and the frustrations of learning English. They talked about family problems complicated by conflicting cultural values and changing gender roles. They shared their strengths, ways of coping, and aspirations. The study revealed a lack of services for refugee youth. Our institutions are not responsive to those who have had their formal education interrupted by war and migration. Although Canada's official policy is one of multiculturalism, our institutions and attitudes seem to expect these newcomers to be "regular Canadians". Their transition from one culture to another at a time of identity formation, further complicated by the scars of trauma, is very difficult. A whole range of services is required, including counselling, support groups, cultural orientation programmes, leisure and recreation programmes, more flexible and responsive educational programmes, and employment training. Canada is a multicultural mosaic and immigrant and refugee youth are a part of our future. The role of social work in addressing these needs is discussed.
Generative Models Improve Radiomics Reproducibility in Low Dose CTs: A Simulation Study
Creators: name: Chen, Junhua
name: Zhang, Chong
name: Traverso, Alberto
name: Zhovannik, Ivan
name: Dekker, Andre
name: Wee, Leonard
name: Bermejo, Inigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Radiomics is an active area of research in medical image analysis, the low reproducibility of radiomics has limited its applicability to clinical practice. This issue is especially prominent when radiomic features are calculated from noisy images, such as low dose computed tomography (CT) scans. In this article, we investigate the possibility of improving the reproducibility of radiomic features calculated on noisy CTs by using generative models for denoising.One traditional denoising method - non-local means - and two generative models - encoder-decoder networks (EDN) and conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs) - were selected as the test models. We added noise to the sinograms of full dose CTs to mimic low dose CTs with two different levels of noise: low-noise CT and high-noise CT. Models were trained on high-noise CTs and used to denoise low-noise CTs without re-training. We also test the performance of our model in real data, using dataset of same-day repeat low dose CTs to assess the reproducibility of radiomic features in denoised images. The EDN and the CGAN improved the concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) of radiomic features for low-noise images from 0.87 to 0.92 and for high-noise images from 0.68 to 0.92 respectively. Moreover, the EDN and the CGAN improved the test-retest reliability of radiomic features (mean CCC increased from 0.89 to 0.94) based on real low dose CTs. The results show that denoising using EDN and CGANs can improve the reproducibility of radiomic features calculated on noisy CTs. Moreover, images with different noise levels can be denoised to improve the reproducibility using these models without re-training, as long as the noise intensity is equal or lower than that in high-noise CTs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first effort to improve the reproducibility of radiomic features calculated on low dose CT scans.
Quantum critical behaviour in the superfluid density of strongly underdoped ultrathin cuprate films
Creators: name: Hetel, Iulian
name: Lemberger, Thomas R.
name: Randeria, Mohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central issue in the physics of high temperature superconductors is to understand superconductivity within a single copper-oxide layer or bilayer, the fundamental structural unit in the cuprates, and how it is lost with underdoping. As mobile holes are removed from the CuO_2 planes, the transition temperature T_C and superfluid density n_S decrease in a surprisingly correlated fashion in crystals and thick films. We seek to elucidate the intrinsic physics of bilayers in the strongly underdoped regime, near the critical doping level where superconductivity disappears. We report measurements of n_S(T) in films of Y_{1-x}Ca_xBa_2Cu_3O_{7-δ} as thin as two copper-oxide bilayers with T_C's as low as 3 K. In addition to seeing the two-dimensional (2D) Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinski transition at T_C, we observe a remarkable scaling of T_C with n_S(0) that demonstrates that the disappearance of superconductivity with underdoping is due to quantum fluctuations near a T = 0 2D quantum critical point.
description: 13 pages, 2 figure
Towards Improving the Usability of Personal Firewalls
Creators: name: Raja, Fahimeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: Even though personal firewalls are an important aspect of security for the users of personal computers, little attention has been given to their usability. An initial series of usability studies on the Windows Vista firewall that we performed revealed that the participants' lack of an accurate mental model about the firewall's system model significantly contributed to their errors when configuring the firewall. The goal of this thesis research was to build upon these findings and improve the usability of personal firewalls. To do so, we redesigned the user interface of the Vista firewall to more accurately reflect its system model. The results of a laboratory study showed that the modified interface design helped participants to develop more effective mental models of the firewall and improve their understanding of the firewall's configuration, resulted in fewer potentially dangerous errors. However, participants' comments about personal firewalls revealed that it was important to better understand the users' knowledge, expectations, perceptions, and misconceptions of personal firewalls in order to successfully manage design tradeoffs. We performed a follow-up study, where we conducted semi-structured interviews with a diverse set of participants. Through a qualitative analysis of the data, we found that most of the participants were unaware of the functionality of firewalls and their role in protecting computers. More interestingly, we found that the interaction of most participants with firewalls was limited to responding to warnings, which ask them to allow or block a connection. Therefore, it is crucial to design firewall warnings that are understandable for users, which should result in fewer errors in allowing unwanted connections. We proposed a novel firewall warning design in which the functionality of a personal firewall is visualized based on a physical security mental model. The results of a laboratory study showed that the new warnings facilitated the comprehension of warning information, better communicated the risk, and increased the likelihood of safe behavior compared to warnings based on those from a popular personal firewall. Moreover, the new warnings provided participants with a better understanding of both the functionality of a personal firewall and the consequences of their actions.
New fluctuation-driven phase transitions and critical phenomena in unconventional superconductors
Creators: name: Uzunov, Dimo I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the renormalization group method, new type of fluctuation-driven first order phase transitions and critical phenomena are predicted for certain classes of ferromagnetic superconductors and superfluids with unconventional (spin-triplet) Cooper pairing. The problem for the quantum phase transitions at extremely low and zero temperatures is also discussed. The results can be applied to a wide class of ferromagnetic superconductive and superfluid systems, in particular, to itinerant ferromagnets as UGe2 and URhGe.
BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY OF DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE 60 MG EC CAPSULES IN THE FASTING AND FED STATES IN HEALTHY THAI MALE VOLUNTEERS
Creators: name: Isariya Techatanawat
name: Pahweenvaj Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket
name: Polsak Teerawonganan
name: Ekawan Yoosakul
name: Vipada Khaowroongrueng
name: Wiriya Paisarnsinsook
name: Bancha Chuasuwan
name: Piengthong Narakorn
name: Archawin Rojanawiwat
name: Achara Eksaengsri
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn Universtiy Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: Duloxetine, Pharmacokinetics, Bioequivalence, Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

description: 3, 29, Journal of Health Research
Production of mesoscopic superpositions with ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Ng, H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study mesoscopic superpositions of two component Bose-Einstein condensates. Atomic condensates, with long coherence times, are good systems in which to study such quantum phenomenon. We show that the mesoscopic superposition states can be rapidly generated in which the atoms dispersively interact with the photon field in a cavity. We also discuss the production of compass states which are generalized Schrödinger cat states. The physical realization of mesoscopic states is important in studying decoherence and precision measurement.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Νεότερες τεχνικές μαγνητικού συντονισμού για την διάγνωση των κακοήθων όγκων του εγκεφάλου και τη διαβάθμιση της κακοήθειας τους:
Creators: name: Χουρμούζη, Δανάη Χ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Μαγνητική τομογραφία διάχυσης
Μαγνητική τομογραφία αιμάτωσης
Φασματοσκοπία
Όγκος εγκεφάλου
Γλοίωμα
Diﬀusion-weighted imaging
Perfusion-weighted imaging
Spectroscopy
Brain Tumor
Glioma

description: Οι όγκοι του εγκεφάλου παραμένουν ένα από τα σημαντικά προβλήματα υγείας σε όλο τον κόσμο. Σε αυτούς περιλαμβάνονται ορισμένα από τα πλέον κακοήθη νεοπλάσματα που προσβάλλουν τον άνθρωπο και είναι ανθεκτικά σε όλες τις εξελιγμένες θεραπείες. Η ΜΤ παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στη διάγνωση των όγκων του εγκεφάλου, στην διαβάθμισή τους και άρα στον καθορισμό της πρόγνωσης και στην παρακολούθηση της θεραπείας. Κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων δεκαετιών καθώς νέες τεχνικές εφαρμόζονται γινόμαστε μάρτυρες μιας μετατόπισης της απεικόνισης από την απλή παροχή πληροφοριών ως προς τις ανατομικές δομές, προς την απεικόνιση που συγχρόνως παρέχει πληροφορίες για τη φυσιολογία των όγκων. Στις νεότερες εξελιγμένες τεχνικές περιλαμβάνονται η MΤ διάχυσης, η MΤ αιμάτωσης, και η φασματοσκοπία. Στην παρούσα μελέτη έγινε προσπάθεια διαβάθμισης των όγκων του εγκεφάλου και διαφορικής διάγνωσης των όγκων υψηλής κακοήθειας από τις μεταστάσεις. Στην μελέτη συμπεριλήφθηκαν 70 περιστατικά. 10 γλοιώματα χαμηλού βαθμού κακοήθειας, 8 γλοιώματα υψηλού βαθμού κακοήθειας (grade III), 38 γλοιώματα υψηλού βαθμού κακοήθειας (grade IV) και 14 μεταστάσεις. Αν και το δείγμα είναι ετεροβαρές αντιπροσωπεύει σε μεγάλο βαθμό την πραγματική αναλογία περιστατικών στην κλινική πράξη, δηλαδή αντιπροσωπεύει τα επιδημιολογικά δεδομένα. Στον διαχωρισμό των όγκων χαμηλού βαθμού κακοήθειας από τους όγκους υψηλού βαθμού κακοήθειας (υψηλού βαθμού κακοήθειας γλοιώματα και μεταστάσεις) η μεταβλητή rCBV στο εμβαδό του όγκου θέτοντας ως κρίσιμη τιμή 1.625
description: Brain tumors remain one of the major health problems worldwide. These include some of the most malignant tumors in humans and are resistant to all advanced treatments. Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI ) plays an important role in the diagnosis and grading of brain tumors, and thus in determining prognosis and treatment monitoring. During the last decade as new techniques applied, neuroimaging of brain tumors has evolved from a purely anatomy-based discipline to one that incorporates morphologic abnormality with physiologic alterations in extracellular compartment kinetics, cellular metabolism, and hemodynamics. The purpose of this study is to assess the contribution of diffusion MRI, perfusion MRI and spectroscopy in grading primary Brain Tumors and the differentiation of high grade tumors from solitary metastasis. The study included 70 cases: 10 low grade gliomas , 8 high grade gliomas (grade III), 38 high-grade gliomas (grade IV) and 14 metastases. Although the sample is unbalanced largely reflect the actual proportion of clinical cases in daily practice, correlated the epidemiological data. Statistical analysis demonstrated rCBV critical value of 1,625
Suppressed star formation in circumnuclear regions in Seyfert galaxies
Creators: name: Wang, J. -M.
name: Chen, Y. -M.
name: Yan, C. -S.
name: Hu, C.
name: Bian, W. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feedback from black hole activity is widely believed to play a key role in regulating star formation and black hole growth. A long-standing issue is the relation between the star formation and fueling the supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We compile a sample of 57 Seyfert galaxies to tackle this issue. We estimate the surface densities of gas and star formation rates in circumnuclear regions (CNRs). Comparing with the well-known Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) law, we find that the star formation rates in CNRs of most Seyfert galaxies are suppressed in this sample. Feedback is suggested to explain the suppressed star formation rates.
description: 1 color figure and 1 table. ApJ Letters in press
Majorana bound states in semiconducting nanostructures
Creators: name: Laubscher, Katharina
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Tutorial, we give a pedagogical introduction to Majorana bound states (MBSs) arising in semiconducting nanostructures. We start by briefly reviewing the well-known Kitaev chain toy model in order to introduce some of the basic properties of MBSs before proceeding to describe more experimentally relevant platforms. Here, our focus lies on simple `minimal' models where the Majorana wave functions can be obtained explicitly by standard methods. In a first part, we review the paradigmatic model of a Rashba nanowire with strong spin-orbit interaction (SOI) placed in a magnetic field and proximitized by a conventional $s$-wave superconductor. We identify the topological phase transition separating the trivial phase from the topological phase and demonstrate how the explicit Majorana wave functions can be obtained in the limit of strong SOI. In a second part, we discuss MBSs engineered from proximitized edge states of two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators. We introduce the Jackiw-Rebbi mechanism leading to the emergence of bound states at mass domain walls and show how this mechanism can be exploited to construct MBSs. Due to their recent interest, we also include a discussion of Majorana corner states in 2D second-order topological superconductors. This Tutorial is mainly aimed at graduate students -- both theorists and experimentalists -- seeking to familiarize themselves with some of the basic concepts in the field.
Machine learning band gaps from the electron density
Creators: name: Moreno, Javier Robledo
name: Flick, Johannes
name: Georges, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable consequence of the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem of density functional theory is the existence of an injective map between the electronic density and any observable of the many electron problem in an external potential. In this work, we study the problem of predicting a particular observable, the band gap of semiconductors and band insulators, from the knowledge of the local electronic density. Using state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, we predict the experimental band gaps from computationally inexpensive density functional theory calculations. We propose a modified Behler-Parrinello (BP) architecture that greatly improves the model capacity while maintaining the symmetry properties of the BP architecture. Using this scheme, we obtain band gaps at a level of accuracy comparable to those obtained with state of the art and computationally intensive hybrid functionals, thus significantly reducing the computational cost of the task.
A New Technique for Heterodyne Spectroscopy: Least-Squares Frequency Switching (LSFS)
Creators: name: Heiles, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new technique for heterodyne spectroscopy, which we call Least-Squares Frequency Switching, or LSFS. This technique avoids the need for a traditional reference spectrum, which--when combined with the on-source spectrum--introduces both noise and systematic artifacts such as ``baseline wiggles''. In contrast, LSFS derives the spectrum directly, and in addition the instrumental gain profile. The resulting spectrum retains nearly the full theoretical sensitivity and introduces no systematic artifacts. Here we discuss mathematical details of the technique and use numerical experiments to explore optimum observing schemas. We outline a modification suitable for computationally difficult cases as the number of spectral channels grows beyond several thousand. We illustrate the method with three real-life examples. In one of practical interest, we created a large contiguous bandwidth aligning three smaller bandwidths end-to-end; radio astronomers are often faced with the need for a larger contiguous bandwidth than is provided with the available correlator.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures
Remarks on type I blow up for the 3D Euler equations and the 2D Boussinesq equations
Creators: name: Chae, Dongho
name: Constantin, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Euler

description: In this paper we derive kinematic relations for quantities involving the rate of strain tensor and the Hessian of the pressure for solutions of the 3D Euler equations and the 2D Boussinesq equations. Using these kinematic relations, we prove new blow up criteria and obtain conditions for the absence of type I singularity for these equations. We obtain both global and localized versions of the results. Some of the new blow up criteria and type I conditions improve previous results of [3].
description: 14 pages
G-Compactness and Groups
Creators: name: Gismatullin, Jakub
name: Newelski, Ludomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C60; 22C05; 20F28; 03H05

description: Lascar described E_KP as a composition of E_L and the topological closure of EL. We generalize this result to some other pairs of equivalence relations. Motivated by an attempt to construct a new example of a non-G-compact theory, we consider the following example. Assume G is a group definable in a structure M. We define a structure M_0 consisting of M and X as two sorts, where X is an affine copy of G and in M_0 we have the structure of M and the action of G on X. We prove that the Lascar group of M_0 is a semi-direct product of the Lascar group of M and G/G_L. We discuss the relationship between G-compactness of M and M_0. This example may yield new examples of non-G-compact theories.
description: 18 pages
Fundamentalist physics: why Dark Energy is bad for Astronomy
Creators: name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomers carry out observations to explore the diverse processes and objects which populate our Universe. High-energy physicists carry out experiments to approach the Fundamental Theory underlying space, time and matter. Dark Energy is a unique link between them, reflecting deep aspects of the Fundamental Theory, yet apparently accessible only through astronomical observation. Large sections of the two communities have therefore converged in support of astronomical projects to constrain Dark Energy. In this essay I argue that this convergence can be damaging for astronomy. The two communities have different methodologies and different scientific cultures. By uncritically adopting the values of an alien system, astronomers risk undermining the foundations of their own current success and endangering the future vitality of their field. Dark Energy is undeniably an interesting problem to attack through astronomical observation, but it is one of many and not necessarily the one where significant progress is most likely to follow a major investment of resources.
description: Essay commissioned for publication in Reports on Progress in Physics. 19 pages including 3 figures
Enhancement of the formation of ultracold $^{85}$Rb$_2$ molecules due to resonant coupling
Creators: name: Pechkis, H. K.
name: Wang, D.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Eyler, E. E.
name: Gould, P. L.
name: Stwalley, W. C.
name: Koch, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the effect of resonant electronic state coupling on the formation of ultracold ground-state $^{85}$Rb$_2$. Ultracold Rb$_2$ molecules are formed by photoassociation (PA) to a coupled pair of $0_u^+$ states, $0_u^+(P_{1/2})$ and $0_u^+(P_{3/2})$, in the region below the $5S+5P_{1/2}$ limit. Subsequent radiative decay produces high vibrational levels of the ground state, $X ^1Σ_g^+$. The population distribution of these $X$ state vibrational levels is monitored by resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization through the $2 ^1Σ_u^+$ state. We find that the populations of vibrational levels $v''$=112$-$116 are far larger than can be accounted for by the Franck-Condon factors for $0_u^+(P_{1/2}) \to X ^1Σ_g^+$ transitions with the $0_u^+(P_{1/2})$ state treated as a single channel. Further, the ground-state molecule population exhibits oscillatory behavior as the PA laser is tuned through a succession of $0_u^+$ state vibrational levels. Both of these effects are explained by a new calculation of transition amplitudes that includes the resonant character of the spin-orbit coupling of the two $0_u^+$ states. The resulting enhancement of more deeply bound ground-state molecule formation will be useful for future experiments on ultracold molecules.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; corrected author list
Double transverse spin asymmetry in the $p^\uparrow\bar{p}^\uparrow$ Drell-Yan process from Sivers functions
Creators: name: Lu, Zhun
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the transverse double spin asymmetry (DSA) in the Drell-Yan process contributed only from the Sivers functions can be picked out by the weighting function $\frac{Q_T}{M^2}(\cos(ϕ-ϕ_{S_1})\cos(ϕ-ϕ_{S_2})+3\sin(ϕ-ϕ_{S_1})\sin(ϕ-ϕ_{S_2}))$. The asymmetry is proportional to the product of two Sivers functions from each hadron $f_{1T}^{\perp(1)}\times f_{1T}^{\perp (1)}$. Using two sets of Sivers functions extracted from the semi-inclusive deeply elastic scattering data at HERMES, we estimate this asymmetry in the $p^\uparrow\bar{p}^\uparrow$ Drell-Yan process which is possible to be performed in HESR at GSI. The prediction of DSA in the Drell-Yan process contributed by the function $g_{1T}(x,\Vec k_T^2)$, which can be extracted by the weighting function $\frac{Q_T}{M^2}(3\cos(ϕ-ϕ_{S_1})\cos(ϕ-ϕ_{S_2})+\sin(ϕ-ϕ_{S_1})\sin(ϕ-ϕ_{S_2}))$, is also given at GSI.
description: 6 latex pages, 2 figures, to appear in PRD
Scalar Meson Spectroscopy with Lattice Staggered Fermions
Creators: name: Bernard, Claude
name: DeTar, Carleton
name: Fu, Ziwen
name: Prelovsek, Sasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With sufficiently light up and down quarks the isovector ($a_0$) and isosinglet ($f_0$) scalar meson propagators are dominated at large distance by two-meson states. In the staggered fermion formulation of lattice quantum chromodynamics, taste-symmetry breaking causes a proliferation of two-meson states that further complicates the analysis of these channels. Many of them are unphysical artifacts of the lattice approximation. They are expected to disappear in the continuum limit. The staggered-fermion fourth-root procedure has its purported counterpart in rooted staggered chiral perturbation theory (rSXPT). Fortunately, the rooted theory provides a strict framework that permits the analysis of scalar meson correlators in terms of only a small number of low energy couplings. Thus the analysis of the point-to-point scalar meson correlators in this context gives a useful consistency check of the fourth-root procedure and its proposed chiral realization. Through numerical simulation we have measured correlators for both the $a_0$ and $f_0$ channels in the ``Asqtad'' improved staggered fermion formulation in a lattice ensemble with lattice spacing $a = 0.12$ fm. We analyze those correlators in the context of rSXPT and obtain values of the low energy chiral couplings that are reasonably consistent with previous determinations.
description: 23 pp., 3 figs., submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Photometric Redshifts and Signal-to-Noise
Creators: name: Margoniner, V. E.
name: Wittman, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of photometric signal-to-noise (S/N) on the precision of photometric redshifts in multi-band imaging surveys, using both simulations and real data. We simulate the optical 4-band (BVRz) Deep Lens Survey (DLS, Wittman etal 2002), and use the publicly available Bayesian Photometric Redshift code BPZ by Benitez (2000). The simulations include a realistic range of magnitudes and colors and vary from infinite S/N to S/N=5. The real data are from DLS photometry and two spectroscopic surveys, and explore a range of S/N by adding noise to initially very high S/N photometry. Precision degrades steadily as S/N drops, both because of direct S/N effects and because lower S/N is linked to fainter galaxies with a weaker magnitude prior. If a simple S/N cut were used, S/N>17 in R (corresponding, in the DLS, to lower S/N in other bands) would be required to keep the scatter in Deltaz = (zspec-zphot)/(1+zspec) to less than 0.1. However, cutting on ODDS (a measure of the peakiness of the probability density function provided by BPZ) greater than 0.4 provides roughly double the number of usable galaxies with the same scatter. Ellipticals form the tightest zspec-zphot relation, and cutting on type=elliptical provides better precision than the ODDS>0.9 cut, but this eliminates the vast majority of galaxies in a deep survey. In addition to being more efficient than a type cut, ODDS also has the advantages of working with all types of galaxies (although ellipticals are overrepresented) and of being a continuous parameter for which the severity of the cut can be adjusted as desired.
description: Submitted to ApJ - 19 pages, 37 postscript figures, uses aastex.cls
Espace public et image du pouvoir à Cyrène à l’époque de Ptolémée Ier et Ptolémée III Évergète Ier
Creators: name: Giudice, Alberto
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 23 (2020): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Sensitivity of low degree oscillations to the change in solar abundances
Creators: name: Zaatri, A.
name: Provost, J.
name: Berthomieu, G.
name: Morel, P.
name: Corbard, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The most recent determination of the solar chemical composition, using a time-dependent, 3D hydrodynamical model of the solar atmosphere, exhibits a significant decrease of C, N, O abundances compared to their previous values. Solar models that use these new abundances are not consistent with helioseismological determinations of the sound speed profile, the surface helium abundance and the convection zone depth. Aims. We investigate the effect of changes of solar abundances on low degree p-mode and g-mode characteristics which are strong constraints of the solar core. We consider particularly the increase of neon abundance in the new solar mixture in order to reduce the discrepancy between models using new abundances and helioseismology. Methods. The observational determinations of solar frequencies from the GOLF instrument are used to test solar models computed with different chemical compositions. We consider in particular the normalized small frequency spacings in the low degree p-mode frequency range. Results. Low-degree small frequency spacings are very sensitive to changes in the heavy-element abundances, notably neon. We show that by considering all the seismic constraints, including the small frequency spacings, a rather large increase of neon abundance by about (0.5 +/- 0.05)dex can be a good solution to the discrepancy between solar models that use new abundances and low degree helioseismology, subject to adjusting slightly the solar age and the highest abundances. We also show that the change in solar abundances, notably neon, considerably affects g-mode frequencies, with relative frequency differences between the old and the new models higher than 1.5%
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics on 11/04/2007
ENQUÊTE NATIONALE - Questionnaire adressé aux étudiants dusupérieur - NATIONAL SURVEY - Questionnaire addressed to students in the higher education sector
Creators: name: Gebeil, Sophie
name: Félix, Christine
name: Martin, Perrine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: school
university
teaching
digital tools

description: Enquête nationale portant sur les étudiants face à l'enseignement à distance à cause de l'épidémie de covid 19 en France en décembre 2020 National survey of students faced with distance education due to the covid 19 epidemic in France in December 2020 Pour répondre : http://sphinx2.espe.univ-amu.fr/v4/s/fjw4jr Answer : http://sphinx2.espe.univ-amu.fr/v4/s/fjw4jr
Regularity of Solutions to Second-Order Integral Functionals in Variational Calculus
Creators: name: Ammi, Moulay Rchid Sidi
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N60; 49J30; 49K05

description: We obtain regularity conditions of a new type of problems of the calculus of variations with second-order derivatives. As a corollary, we get non-occurrence of the Lavrentiev phenomenon. Our main result asserts that autonomous integral functionals of the calculus of variations with a Lagrangian having superlinearity partial derivatives with respect to the higher-order derivatives admit only minimizers with essentially bounded derivatives.
The Formation Probability of Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Biagetti, Matteo
name: De Luca, Valerio
name: Franciolini, Gabriele
name: Kehagias, Alex
name: Riotto, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the exact formation probability of primordial black holes generated during the collapse at horizon re-entry of large fluctuations produced during inflation, such as those ascribed to a period of ultra-slow-roll. We show that it interpolates between a Gaussian at small values of the average density contrast and a Cauchy probability distribution at large values. The corresponding abundance of primordial black holes may be larger than the Gaussian one by several orders of magnitude. The mass function is also shifted towards larger masses.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor additions, references added, matches published version
title: Evolutionäre Algorithmen - Genetische Algorithmen zur Musikkomposition
Creators: name: Elsner, Evelyn
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik

description: Die Bachelorarbeit befasst sich mit dem Generieren kurzer fröhlicher und harmonischer Musikstücke mittels des Einsatzes genetischer Algorithmen. Dabei werden die Evolutionsprozesse der Biologie nachgeahmt. In der Programmiersprache Java, unter der Verwendung der Open-Source-Programmierbibliothek JFugue, sind dafür die einzelnen Zyklusphasen entworfen und implementiert worden. Die Vereinigung der Biologie, der Kunst und der Informatik wird damit erreicht, um etwas ästhetisch Wirksames zu schaffen und stellt den besonderen Reiz der Arbeit dar.
HD molecules at high redshift: cosmic-ray ionization rate in the diffuse interstellar medium
Creators: name: Kosenko, D. N.
name: Balashev, S. A.
name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Krogager, J. -K.
name: Srianand, R.
name: Ledoux, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of deuterated molecular hydrogen (HD) at high redshift, detected in absorption in the spectra of quasars. We present four new identifications of HD lines associated with known $\rm H_2$-bearing Damped Lyman-$α$ systems. In addition, we measure upper limits on the $\rm HD$ column density in twelve recently identified $\rm H_2$-bearing DLAs. We find that the new $\rm HD$ detections have similar $N({\rm HD})/N(\rm H_2)$ ratios as previously found, further strengthening a marked difference with measurements through the Galaxy. This is likely due to differences in physical conditions and metallicity between the local and the high-redshift interstellar media. Using the measured $N({\rm HD})/N({\rm H_2})$ ratios together with priors on the UV flux ($χ$) and number densities ($n$), obtained from analysis of $\rm H_2$ and associated CI lines, we are able to constrain the cosmic-ray ionization rate (CRIR, $ζ$) for the new $\rm HD$ detections and for eight known HD-bearing systems where priors on $n$ and $χ$ are available. We find significant dispersion in $ζ$, from a few $\times 10^{-18}$ s$^{-1}$ to a few $\times 10^{-15}$ s$^{-1}$. We also find that $ζ$ strongly correlates with $χ$ -- showing almost quadratic dependence, slightly correlates with $Z$, and does not correlate with $n$, which probably reflects a physical connection between cosmic rays and star-forming regions.
description: 40 pages, 51 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Medicalizing deviance in the community of elderly : a new psychiatric entreprise
Creators: name: Smith, André Philippe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study is about the process by which deviance is transformed into the medical category of medical illness in the elderly living in the community. Mental illness is considered here as a form of deviance in the sociological sense of term as it involves departure from socially expected rational behavior. More specifically, the study demonstrates by using a participant observation approach how psychiatric professionals in a community mental healthy team have created a new market for the distribution of their specialized geriatric services by establishing a network of both lay people and professionals who are trained to refer to the team elderly people whom they identify as mentally ill. However, much of the illness in the study's sample of referred elderly related more to the 'problems of living' they experienced in struggling with the generally poor social conditions they were faced with, including forced retirement, inadequate income and housing, and physical illness. In some instances, such problems also stemmed from their differences in lifestyle, personal needs, and beliefs with the staff in the institutions caring for them. By acknowledging the elderly's 'problems of living’ as psychiatric disorders, the community mental health team effectively isolated them from their social and political context by making them into individual problems. This approach become a move towards 'blaming the victim1, hence ignoring the political (rather than therapeutic) interventions needed to improve the conditions contributing to the presence of such problems. Finally, the study shows that community psychiatric professionals within the team tend to medicalize deviance as a response to the constraints imposed on them by their agency, which functions within a bio-medical framework in delivering mental health services to the community.
Ground-state-energy universality of noninteracting fermionic systems
Creators: name: Silva, Douglas F. C. A.
name: Ostilli, Massimo
name: Presilla, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34B24

description: When noninteracting fermions are confined in a $D$-dimensional region of volume $\mathrm{O}(L^D)$ and subjected to a continuous (or piecewise continuous) potential $V$ which decays sufficiently fast with distance, in the thermodynamic limit, the ground state energy of the system does not depend on $V$. Here, we discuss this theorem from several perspectives and derive a proof for radially symmetric potentials valid in $D$ dimensions. We find that this universality property holds under a quite mild condition on $V$, with or without bounded states, and extends to thermal states. Moreover, it leads to an interesting analogy between Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe and first-order quantum phase transitions.
description: 9 pages
PRELIMINARY REPORT OF HEALTH EFFECTS AMONG OIL SPILL CLEANUP WORKERS AND VOLUNTEERS, THAILAND, 2013
Creators: name: Pornchai Sithisarankul
name: Chanthip Intawong
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn Universtiy Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: Oil spill, Health effects, Trans, Trans-muconic acid,Benzene biomarker

description: 3, 29, Journal of Health Research
AIDS WONT INFECT YOU FROM BUYING VEGETABLE?: UNMARRIED YOUTH PERCEPTION TOWARD SHOPKEEPERS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS: FINDINGS FROM INDONESIA DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY 2012
Creators: name: Fatimah, Andi Angki
name: PimonpanIsarabhakdi
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn Universtiy Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: Never married youth,People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA),HIV/AIDS knowledge,Media accessibility,Indonesia

description: 3, 29, Journal of Health Research
Ultra-Low Noise L-Band Cryogenic Astronomical Receiver for FAST Telescope
Creators: name: Liu, Hong-Fei
name: He, Chuan
name: Wang, Jin
name: Jiang, Peng
name: Wang, Sheng-Wang
name: Wu, Yang
name: Zhang, Hang
name: Song, Jin-You
name: Shi, Xiang-Wei
name: Guo, Ming-Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an ultra-low noise L-band radio astronomical cryogenic receiver for FAST telescope. The development of key low noise microwave parts of Coupling-LNA and conical quad-ridge OMT and reasonable system integration achieve outstanding performance of receiver.It covers the frequency range of 1.2 GHz to 1.8 GHz. Novel cryogenic Coupling-LNAs with low noise, large return loss, high dynamic range and the function of coupling calibration signals are developed for the proposed receiver.Amplification and coupling function circuits are integrated as a single Coupling-LNA with full noise temperature of 4 K at the physical temperature of 15 K. And its return loss is more than 18 dB, and output 1 dB compression power is +5 dBm. A cryogenic dewar is fabricated to provide 55 K and 15 K cryogenic environment for OMT and Coupling-LNAs, respectively. The receiver's system noise temperature is below 9 K referred to feed aperture plane. Benefiting from optimal design and precise mechanical treatment, good scattering performance of OMT and equalized radiation patterns of horn are achieved with an antenna efficiency above 75%.
description: There are 20 pages and 24 figures
Lectures on Poisson groupoids
Creators: name: Laurent-Gengoux, Camille
name: Stienon, Mathieu
name: Xu, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In these lecture notes, we give a quick account of the theory of Poisson groupoids and Lie bialgebroids. In particular, we discuss the universal lifting theorem and its applications including integration of quasi-Lie bialgebroids, integration of Poisson Nijenhuis structures and Alekseev and Kosmann-Schwarzbach's theory of D/G-momentum maps.
description: 27 pages, notes of lectures given by the third author at the summer school on Poisson geometry held at I.C.T.P. Trieste in July 2005
Effect of Inclination Angle on the Heat Transfer Performance of a Closed Loop Oscillating Heat Pipe with Check Valve (CLOHP/CV) and Fins on Tube Wall
Creators: name: Ardnarong Pholkho
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Oscillating heat pipe, Check valve, Inclination angles, Heat transfer, Fin

description: 2, 33, Journal of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Mahasarakham University
Efficient scheme for one-way quantum computing in thermal cavities
Creators: name: Yang, Wen-Xing
name: Gong, Zhe-Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a practical scheme for one-way quantum computing based on efficient generation of 2D cluster state in thermal cavities. We achieve a controlled-phase gate that is neither sensitive to cavity decay nor to thermal field by adding a strong classical field to the two-level atoms. We show that a 2D cluster state can be generated directly by making every two atoms collide in an array of cavities, with numerically calculated parameters and appropriate operation sequence that can be easily achieved in practical Cavity QED experiments. Based on a generated cluster state in Box$^{(4)}$ configuration, we then implement Grover's search algorithm for four database elements in a very simple way as an example of one-way quantum computing.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
On Using the Rossiter Effect to Detect Terrestrial Planets
Creators: name: Welsh, W. F.
name: Orosz, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility that the transit signature of an Earth-size planet can be detected in spectroscopic velocity shifts via the Rossiter effect. Under optimistic but not unrealistic conditions, it should be possible to detect a large terrestrial-size planet. While not suitable for discovering planets, this method can be used to confirm suspected planets.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; Figure 2 in the conference proceeding did not reproduce well, so three panels from that 9-panel figure are shown here
Social support available to those who test antibody positive for the human immunodeficiency virus
Creators: name: Alexus, Lillian Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An estimated 50,000 Canadians have been exposed to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the virus which causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Some of these individuals have been tested for the presence of HIV antibodies. For those whose antibody status has been confirmed seropositive, there are many concerns. One area of concern pertains to the social support available to them. The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the social support available to two groups. One group comprised homosexual males, aged 20 to 49 years, who had tested antibody positive for HIV. The other group included homosexual males, aged 20 to 49 years, who had not been tested for HIV antibodies and whose status was, therefore, unknown. A convenience sample included 10 known seropositive individuals and 13 persons who had not been tested. Participants from each group completed the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire to indicate social support available to them. Network and functional properties of social support were similar for both groups. Loss of network members occurred more frequently for those who tested seropositive. Therefore, one could conclude that individuals who test HIV antibody positive may require more social support than those whose antibody status is not known. Demographic data were also collected and analyzed. One difference noted was that those who had not been tested participated more frequently in religious activities than those in the seropositive group. The findings were discussed in relation to each research question. Implications of the findings for nursing practice, education, and further research were then suggested.
Appendix to Frederik Dhondt and Steffen Ducheyne, 'Theological and Religious Statements in Isaac Newton's Queries/Quaestiones to the Opticks/Optice, 1704-1730', European Journal for Science and Theology, vol. 17(3), 2021: Relevant fragments in Cambridge University Library, Add. MS. 3970
Creators: name: Dhondt, Frederik
name: Ducheyne, Steffen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton's religious views
Queries/Quaestiones to the Opticks/Optice

description: This document contains the appendix to a paper of ours that was published in 2021 in the European Journal for Science and Technology, vol. 17(3). It presents the manuscript material we have analysed in this paper and it also provides evidence for the relative datings we have offered there.
description: Funding: Special Research Fund of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BOF), Grants WT125 and SRP61. Acknowledgements: We acknowledge that we have extensively relied on material available at http://www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/NATP00055.