Parapolybia bioculata
Creators: name: Saito-Morooka, Fuki
name: Nguyen, Lien T. P.
name: Kojima, Jun-Ichi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Parapolybia
Parapolybia bioculata

description: Parapolybia bioculata van der Vecht, 1966, stat. nov.
(Figs 19–30, 76, 89, 90)
Parapolybia indica bioculata van der Vecht 1966: 26, 29, fig. 11c, ♀, holotype “ Birma: Tenasserim, Haundraw Valley, April 1894, C.T. Bingham” (BMNH); Das & Gupta 1984: 429 (catalog); 1989: 179, map 27 (distribution). Polybia indica (de Saussure): Bingham 1897: 383, 384, fig. 115, part.
Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from other species of Parapolybia by the following characters: in both sexes, second and following metasomal segments nearly entirely black but paired large and small yellow spots respectively on T2 and T3; anntena and legs, especially in male, prominently elongated.
Material examined. HOLOTYPE and PARATYPE of Parapolybia indica bioculata, 2 ♀, MYANMAR: Tenasserim: Haundraw Valley, April and October 1894, C.T. Bingham [BMNH]. Other material. VIETNAM: Lai Chau: 27 ♀ (IUNH), Huoi Long, 22°30'N, 103°15'E, 1500 m, 23.viii.2006, L.T.P. Nguyen, F. Saito & J. Kojima, Nest#VN-Pp-2006-6; Dien Bien: 4 ♀ 40 ♂ (IUNH), Muong Phang, 21°27.5'N, 103°07'E, 700 m, 25.viii.2006, L.T.P. Nguyen, F. Saito & J. Kojima, Nest#VN-Pp- 2006-12; 1 ♀ (IUNH), Muong Phang, 23.vii.2009, J. Kojima; 6 ♀ (IUNH), Muong Nhe, 22.vii.2009, J. Kojima; Cao Bang: 5 ♀ (IUNH), Thanh Cong, Nguyen Binh, 22°32.5'N, 105°53'E, 8.viii.2012, J. Kojima, H. Nugroho & IED-c; 1 ♀ (IEBR), Thanh Cong, Nguyen Binh, vi.2014, T.V. Hoang; Bac Kan: 1 ♀ (IUNH), Kim Hy NP, Bach Thong, Vu Muon, 22°13'N, 105°59'E, 5.viii.2012, J. Kojima, H.
Nugroho & IED-c; 3 ♂ (IUNH), Lang Ngam, Ngan Son, 22°19.5'N, 105°54.5'E, 300 m, 5.viii.2012, J. Kojima & H. Nugroho, Nest#VN-NE2012-Pp-03; Phu Tho: 5 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Xuan Son NP, [1 ♀, 500 m, 6–9.xii.2003, L.X. Truong; 2 ♀, 300–400 m, 11.vi.2004, L.T.P. Nguyen; 2 ♀, 300–400 m, 25.ix.2005, L.T.P. Nguyen]; Vinh Phuc: 14 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Tam Dao, 800 m, 1–4.vii.2003, L.T.P. Nguyen; 4 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Tam Dao, 900 m, L.T.P. Nguyen [2 ♀, 8.ix.2000; 1 ♀, 9.ix.2000; 1 ♀, 1.vii.2003]; 3 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Ngoc Thanh, Me Linh, 11.v.2000, L.T.P. Nguyen; 1 ♀(IUNH), Tam Dao, 900 m, 20.viii.2005, L.T.P. Nguyen & J. Kojima; 1 ♀ (IUNH), Tam Dao, 21°26'N, 105°37'E, 400 m, 20.viii.2005, J. Kojima; 124 ♀ (IUNH), Tam Dao, 21°26.5'N, 105°38.5'E, 700 m, 30.viii.2006, F. Saito & J. Kojima, Nest#VN-Pp- 2006-20; 5 ♀ (IUNH) Tam Dao, 30.vii.2009, J. Kojima; Hoa Binh: 2 ♀ (IUNH), Pa Co, Mai Chau, 20°44.5'N, 104°56'E, 1350 m, 28.viii.2006, L.T.P. Nguyen, F. Saito & J. Kojima; Ha Tay: 1 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Suoi Mo, Yen Bai, Ba Vi, 100 m, 1.vi.2001, L.T.P. Nguyen; Hai Phong: 1 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Cat Ba, 10.vi.2003, K.D. Long; Thanh Hoa: 1 ♀ (IUNH), Xuan Lien NR, Hon Can, Van Xuan, Thuong Xuan, 19°52.5'N, 105°14.5'E, 24.viii.2012, L.T.P. Nguyen; Nghe An: 1 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Chau Cuong, Quy Hop, 19.vii.2004, X.H. Le; Ha Tinh: 1 ♀ (AMNH), 17km South East Huong Son, 18°22'N, 105°13'E, 180 m, 19–23.iv.1998, J.M. Carpenter; 1 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Son Kim, Huong Son, 3.v.2004, L.X. Truong; Thua Thien Hue: 4 ♀ (IUNH / IEBR), Phong My, Phong Dien, 600 m, 1–5.iv.2001, L.X. Truong; 1 ♀ 8 ♂ (IUNH), Bach Ma, 16°11'N, 107°50'E, 13.viii.2005, L.T.P. Nguyen & J. Kojima, Nest#VNM-Pp-2005-1; 2 ♀ (IUNH), Bach Ma, 1350–1450 m, 14.viii.2005, L.T.P. Nguyen & J. Kojima; 1 ♀ (IUNH) Bach Ma, 1200 m, 17.v.2012, L.T.P. Nguyen. LAOS: Vientiane: 5 ♀ (BPBM), Ban Van Eue, native collector [1 ♀, 28.ii.1966; 1 ♀, 29.ii.1966; 1 ♀, 2.iii.1966; 2 ♀, 30.ii.1967].
Redescription. FEMALE. Body length 15.0– 17.5 mm; fore wing length 11.5–16.5 mm. Head in frontal view 1.1 × as wide as high (Fig. 19). Ocelli close to each other (Fig. 20); distance between anterior and posterior ocelli shorter than Od; POD less than their Od; anterior ocellus 0.28–0.34 mm in diameter, slightly larger than posterior ocellus (0.25–0.30 mm in Od); OOD 1.5 × as large as Od. Propodeum finely and shallowly striate anteriorly, deeply striate posteriorly. T1 more or less slender and long (3.2–4.6 mm long, Figs 21–22), 2.9 × longer than the maximum height, 2.6 × as long as its own maximum width. T2 moderately concave sublaterally.
Color. Ground color of head to metasomal segment 1 yellow to light yellow (Fig. 76), with following parts brown to dark brown: antenna (gradually paler towards apex), pair of obscure spots of clypeus, frons, vertex, mesoscutum except paired yellow markings and black median lines, posterodorsal face of propodeum except paired yellow markings, basal one third of femurs, dorsal side of mid and hind tibiae, mid and hind tarsi; and following parts black: scape dorsally, supraclypeal area, anterior margin of clypeus, teeth of mandible, margins of ocelli, anterior and dorsolateral markings of pronotum, margins and median longitudinal line of mesoscutum, dorsal marking and ventral line of mesopleuron, anterior side of metapleuron, anterolateral margin of propodeum, and dorsal face of T1. Second to terminal metasomal segments black, with large and small paired yellow spots respectively on T2 and T3.
MALE. Body length 13.5–15.0 mm; fore wing length 13.5–15.0 mm. Head in frontal view 1.1 × higher than wide (Fig. 23). Eyes enlarged. Ocelli close to each other (Fig. 24); distance between anterior and posterior ocelli less than half of Od; POD less than one-third of Od; anterior ocellus diameter 0.31–0.35 mm, larger than that of posterior ocellus (0.28–0.31 mm); OOD about equal to Od. Antenna extremely thin and long, 13 mm in length; F11 1.6 × as long as F10 (0.9–1.0 mm long, Fig. 25). Pronotal carina dorsolaterally bluntly angled. Metanotum anteriorly acutely angled and posteriorly bluntly angled. Propodeum finely striate between sparse distinct striae. T1 not robust and long (3.6–3.9 mm, Figs 26–27), 3.4 × longer than its maximum height, 2.9 × as long as its own maximum width. Legs extremely thin and long (Fig. 28), hind tibia more than 5.0 mm. Volsella elongate. Digitus broadly bulged (Fig. 29). Parameral spine short, with rather sparse fine setae. Proximal margin of aedeagus ventrally produced (Fig. 30).
Color. As in female, but face entirely brown.
Distribution. Myanmar (Tenasserim), Vietnam (North and Central Vietnam), Laos.
Remarks. Van der Vecht (1966) described P. indica bioculata based on two females from “Tenasserim”. Not only because its characteristic coloration and marking pattern (second and following metasomal segments nearly black, with paired large and small yellow spots respectively on T2 and T3) are stable among all the specimens including those collected from several colonies, but also because the male antennae and legs are prominently elongated in Parapolybia wasps, bioculata can be reasonably treated as a good species.
description: Published as part of Saito-Morooka, Fuki, Nguyen, Lien T. P. & Kojima, Jun-Ichi, 2015, Review of the paper wasps of the Parapolybia indica species-group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae) in eastern parts of Asia, pp. 215-235 in Zootaxa 3947 (2) on pages 220-221, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/232726