cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterizing flexoelectricity in composite material using the element-free Galerkin method
Creators: name: He, Bo
name: Javvaji, Brahmanandam
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Composite
subject: Flexoelectricity
subject: Level set technique
subject: Meshless method
subject: Size effect
subject: Composite materials
subject: Computational mechanics
subject: Electromechanical coupling
subject: Numerical methods
subject: Electric polarization
subject: Element free Galerkin methods
subject: Level-set techniques
subject: Mesh-less methods
subject: Partial Differential Equations (PDEs)
subject: Piezoelectric composite materials
subject: Size effects
subject: Galerkin methods
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: This study employs the Element-Free Galerkin method (EFG) to characterize flexoelectricity in a composite material. The presence of the strain gradient term in the Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) requires C 1 continuity to describe the electromechanical coupling. The use of quartic weight functions in the developed model fulfills this prerequisite. We report the generation of electric polarization in a non-piezoelectric composite material through the inclusion-induced strain gradient field. The level set technique associated with the model supervises the weak discontinuity between the inclusion and matrix. The increased area ratio between the inclusion and matrix is found to improve the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy. The electromechanical coupling is enhanced when using softer materials for the embedding inclusions. © 2019 by the authors.
Generalized Thompson Sampling for Sequential Decision-Making and Causal Inference
Creators: name: Ortega, Pedro A.
name: Braun, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, it has been shown how sampling actions from the predictive distribution over the optimal action-sometimes called Thompson sampling-can be applied to solve sequential adaptive control problems, when the optimal policy is known for each possible environment. The predictive distribution can then be constructed by a Bayesian superposition of the optimal policies weighted by their posterior probability that is updated by Bayesian inference and causal calculus. Here we discuss three important features of this approach. First, we discuss in how far such Thompson sampling can be regarded as a natural consequence of the Bayesian modeling of policy uncertainty. Second, we show how Thompson sampling can be used to study interactions between multiple adaptive agents, thus, opening up an avenue of game-theoretic analysis. Third, we show how Thompson sampling can be applied to infer causal relationships when interacting with an environment in a sequential fashion. In summary, our results suggest that Thompson sampling might not merely be a useful heuristic, but a principled method to address problems of adaptive sequential decision-making and causal inference.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Development of a combined OCT-Raman probe for the prospective in vivo clinical melanoma skin cancer screening
Creators: name: Mazurenka, M.
name: Behrendt, L.
name: Meinhardt-Wollweber, Merve
name: Morgner, Uwe
name: Roth, B.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dermatology
subject: Diseases
subject: Probes
subject: Clinical application
subject: Combined probes
subject: Fiber bundles
subject: Field of views
subject: Free space optics
subject: Maximum permissible exposure
subject: Skin cancers
subject: Spectral domain OCT
subject: Optical tomography
subject: diagnostic imaging
subject: early cancer diagnosis
subject: human
subject: melanoma
subject: optical coherence tomography
subject: skin tumor
subject: Early Detection of Cancer
subject: Humans
subject: Melanoma
subject: Skin Neoplasms
subject: Tomography, Optical Coherence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: A combined optical coherence tomography (OCT)-Raman probe was designed and built into a spectral domain OCT head, and its performance was evaluated and compared to the most common Raman probe setups, based on a fiber bundle and confocal free space optics. Due to the use of the full field of view of an OCT scanning lens, the combined probe has a superior performance within maximum permissible exposure limits, compared to the other two probes. Skin Raman spectra, recorded in vivo, further prove the feasibility of the OCT-Raman probe for the future in vivo clinical applications in skin cancer screening. © 2017 Author(s).
Aharonov-Bohm effect in an electron-hole graphene ring system
Creators: name: Smirnov, D.
name: Schmidt, H.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Aharonov-bohm effects
subject: Electron hole
subject: Electrons and holes
subject: Gate voltages
subject: Graphene rings
subject: Quantum interference
subject: Quantum ring
subject: Top-gate
subject: Graphene
subject: Quantum interference devices
subject: Electrons
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Aharonov-Bohm oscillations are observed in a graphene quantum ring with a topgate covering one arm of the ring. As graphene is a gapless semiconductor, this geometry allows to study not only the quantum interference of electrons with electrons or holes with holes, but also the unique situation of quantum interference between electrons and holes. The period and amplitude of the observed Aharonov-Bohm oscillations are independent of the sign of the applied gate voltage showing the equivalence between unipolar and dipolar interferences. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.
A vitrifying structure transition in the Dy/Mo(112) adsorption system
Creators: name: Fedorus, A.
name: Koval, V.
name: Naumovets, A.
name: Pfnür, Herbert
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: structural transition
subject: electron diffraction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Annealing-driven irreversible structural transitions are studied by low-energy electron diffraction in submonolayer Dy films adsorbed on the Mo(112) surface. In a wide coverage range θ>0.07, Dy overlayers deposited at low temperatures (T≈100 K) are ordered and keep their structure upon annealing up to 350–600 K. Near θ=0.68, the overlayers are stable to high-temperature annealing (Ta=1000 K) as well, whereas the denser films are metastable and transform to more stable ordered structures. An unusual annealing effect is found for θ<0.58: the initially ordered metastable phases are replaced by phases having no extended order, which are assumed to be two-dimensional glasses. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
Some scientific knowledge is a dangerous thing: overconfidence grows non-linearly with knowledge
Creators: name: Lackner, Simone
name: Francisco, Frederico
name: Mendonça, Cristina
name: Mata, André
name: Gonçalves-Sá, Joana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Overconfidence is a prevalent problem and particularly consequential in its relation with scientific knowledge: being unaware of one`s own ignorance can affect behaviours and threaten public policies and health. We introduce both analytical and methodological changes to the study of confidence in science knowledge and in attitudes towards science and apply them to four large surveys, spanning 30 years in Europe and the USA. We propose a new indirect confidence metric that does not rely on self-reporting or peer comparison, and study how knowledge and confidence vary across their full scale. We find that confidence grows much faster than knowledge, giving rise to a non-linear relationship, with the largest confidence gaps appearing at intermediate knowledge levels. These high-confidence \textbackslash intermediate-knowledge groups also display the least positive attitudes towards science, with important consequences for science communication. These results are contrary to current models, including the predictions of the Dunning-Kruger effect, and we discuss how our model, if correct, can guide future research and communication policies.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Appendix with 12 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables
Magnetic field strength distribution of magnetic bright points inferred from filtergrams and spectro-polarimetric data
Creators: name: Utz, D.
name: Jurčák, J.
name: Hanslmeier, A.
name: Muller, R.
name: Veronig, A.
name: Kühner, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small scale magnetic fields can be observed on the Sun in G-band filtergrams as MBPs (magnetic bright points) or identified in spectro-polarimetric measurements due to enhanced signals of Stokes profiles. These magnetic fields and their dynamics play a crucial role in understanding the coronal heating problem and also in surface dynamo models. MBPs can theoretically be described to evolve out of a patch of a solar photospheric magnetic field with values below the equipartition field strength by the so-called convective collapse model. After the collapse, the magnetic field of MBPs reaches a higher stable magnetic field level. The magnetic field strength distribution of small scale magnetic fields as seen by MBPs is inferred. Furthermore, we want to test the model of convective collapse and the theoretically predicted stable value of about 1300 G. We used four different data sets of high-resolution Hinode/SOT observations that were recorded simultaneously with the broadband filter device (G-band, Ca II-H) and the spectro-polarimeter. To derive the magnetic field strength distribution of these small scale features, the spectropolarimeter (SP) data sets were treated by the Merlin inversion code. The four data sets comprise different solar surface types: active regions (a sunspot group and a region with pores), as well as quiet Sun. In all four cases the obtained magnetic field strength distribution of MBPs is similar and shows peaks around 1300 G. This agrees well with the theoretical prediction of the convective collapse model. The resulting magnetic field strength distribution can be fitted in each case by a model consisting of log-normal components. The important parameters, such as geometrical mean value and multiplicative standard deviation, are similar in all data sets, only the relative weighting of the components is different.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, final version to be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
HEROICA: an Underground Facility for the Fast Screening of Germanium Detectors
Creators: name: Andreotti, E.
name: Garfagnini, A.
name: Maneschg, W.
name: Barros, N.
name: Benato, G.
name: Brugnera, R.
name: Costa, F.
name: Falkenstein, R.
name: Guthikonda, K. K.
name: Hegai, A.
name: Hemmer, S.
name: Hult, M.
name: Jaenner, K.
name: Kihm, T.
name: Lehnert, B.
name: Liao, H.
name: Lubashevskiy, A.
name: Lutter, G.
name: Marissens, G.
name: Modenese, L.
name: Pandola, L.
name: Reissfelder, M.
name: Sada, C.
name: Salathe, M.
name: Schmitt, C.
name: Schulz, O.
name: Schwingenheuer, B.
name: Turcato, M.
name: Ur, C.
name: von Sturm, K.
name: Wagner, V.
name: Westermann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An infrastructure to characterize germanium detectors has been designed and constructed at the HADES Underground Research Laboratory, located in Mol (Belgium). Thanks to the 223m overburden of clay and sand, the muon flux is lowered by four orders of magnitude. This natural shield minimizes the exposure of radio-pure germanium material to cosmic radiation resulting in a significant suppression of cosmogenic activation in the germanium detectors. The project has been strongly motivated by a special production of germanium detectors for the GERDA experiment. GERDA, currently collecting data at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN, is searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 76Ge. In the near future, GERDA will increase its mass and sensitivity by adding new Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detectors. The production of the BEGe detectors is done at Canberra in Olen (Belgium), located about 30km from the underground test site. Therefore, HADES is used both for storage of the crystals over night, during diode production, and for the characterization measurements. A full quality control chain has been setup and tested on the first seven prototype detectors delivered by the manufacturer at the beginning of 2012. The screening capabilities demonstrate that the installed setup fulfills a fast and complete set of measurements on the diodes and it can be seen as a general test facility for the fast screening of high purity germanium detectors. The results are of major importance for a future massive production and characterization chain of germanium diodes foreseen for a possible next generation 1-tonne double beta decay experiment with 76Ge.
description: Submitted to JINST
Conformal Killing horizons and their thermodynamics
Creators: name: Nielsen, Alex B.
name: Shoom, Andrey A.
Publisher: name: Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: black holes
subject: horizons
subject: thermodynamics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Certain dynamical black hole solutions can be mapped to static spacetimes by conformal metric transformations. This mapping provides a physical link between the conformal Killing horizon of the dynamical black hole and the Killing horizon of the static spacetime. Using the Vaidya spacetime as an example, we show how this conformal relation can be used to derive thermodynamic properties of such dynamical black holes. Although these horizons are defined quasi-locally and can be located by local experiments, they are distinct from other popular notions of quasi-local horizons such as apparent horizons. Thus in the dynamical Vaidya spacetime describing constant accretion of null dust, the conformal Killing horizon, which is null by construction, is the natural horizon to describe the black hole. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Inhomogenous random zero sets
Creators: name: Buckley, Jeremiah
name: Massaneda, Xavier
name: Ortega-Cerdà, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct random point processes in the complex plane that are asymptotically close to a given doubling measure. The processes we construct are the zero sets of random entire functions that are constructed through generalised Fock spaces. We offer two alternative constructions, one via bases for these spaces and another via frames, and we show that for both constructions the average distribution of the zero set is close to the given doubling measure, and that the variance is much less than the variance of the corresponding Poisson point process. We prove some asymptotic large deviation estimates for these processes, which in particular allow us to estimate the `hole probability', the probability that there are no zeroes in a given open bounded subset of the plane. We also show that the `smooth linear statistics' are asymptotically normal, under an additional regularity hypothesis on the measure. These generalise previous results by Sodin and Tsirelson for the Lebesgue measure.
description: 39 paqes
Magnetic properties of a spin-1/2 octagonal lattice
Creators: name: Morota, Satoshi
name: Kida, Takanori
name: Hagiwara, Masayuki
name: Shimura, Yasuyuki
name: Iwasaki, Yoshiki
name: Yamaguchi, Hironori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We successfully synthesized a verdazyl-based complex, ($p$-Py-V-$p$-CN)$_2$[Cu(hfac)$_2$]. Molecular orbital calculations reveal that three types of antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions are involved in the formation of a spin-1/2 distorted octagonal lattice composed of the verdazyl radical and Cu spins. The magnetic properties of the compound exhibited contributions from AF correlations and a phase transition to an AF ordered state at approximately $T_{\rm{N}}$ = 2.5 K. Below $T_{\rm{N}}$, we observed a $T^2$ dependence of the specific heat, indicating dominant two-dimensional AF correlations within the octagonal lattice. The magnetization curve in the low-temperature region exhibited a low-field linear increase, subsequent bending at 1/3 magnetization, and high-field nonlinear increase. We reproduced the observed unique magnetic behavior through the numerical analysis based on the octagonal lattice. These results demonstrate that the present compound exhibits magnetic properties characteristic of octagonal lattice topology.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2310.14569
Lathraea squamaria L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: L. Squamaria L. Cat. 282. l: Les Evouettes (J.); Vionnaz (Oberson); Monthey (J.); Collonges (Gams). - 2: Ob Branson (Gams); unter Neimiaz (bei Chamoson), 850 m (Marietan); an der Marge am FUSS des Hügels von Maladeires (idem).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Blandford's argument: The strongest continuous gravitational wave signal
Creators: name: Knispel, B.
name: Allen, Bruce
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Gravitational waves
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: For a uniform population of neutron stars whose spin-down is dominated by the emission of gravitational radiation, an old argument of Blandford states that the expected gravitational-wave amplitude of the nearest source is independent of the deformation and rotation frequency of the objects. Recent work has improved and extended this argument to set upper limits on the expected amplitude from neutron stars that also emit electromagnetic radiation. We restate these arguments in a more general framework, and simulate the evolution of such a population of stars in the gravitational potential of our galaxy. The simulations allow us to test the assumptions of Blandford's argument on a realistic model of our galaxy. We show that the two key assumptions of the argument (two dimensionality of the spatial distribution and a steady-state frequency distribution) are in general not fulfilled. The effective scaling dimension D of the spatial distribution of neutron stars is significantly larger than two, and for frequencies detectable by terrestrial instruments the frequency distribution is not in a steady state unless the ellipticity is unrealistically large. Thus, in the cases of most interest, the maximum expected gravitational-wave amplitude does have a strong dependence on the deformation and rotation frequency of the population. The results strengthen the previous upper limits on the expected gravitational-wave amplitude from neutron stars by a factor of 6 for realistic values of ellipticity. © 2008 The American Physical Society.
Equivalent Neutrinos, Light WIMPs, and the Chimera of Dark Radiation
Creators: name: Steigman, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to conventional wisdom, in the standard model (SM) of particle physics and cosmology the effective number of neutrinos is Neff=3 (more precisely, 3.046). In extensions of the standard model allowing for the presence of DeltaNnu equivalent neutrinos (or dark radiation), Neff is generally >3. The canonical results are reconsidered here, revealing that a measurement of Neff>3 can be consistent with DeltaNnu=0 (dark radiation without dark radiation). Conversely, a measurement consistent with Neff=3 is not inconsistent with the presence of dark radiation (DeltaNnu>0). In particular, if there is a light WIMP that annihilates to photons after the SM neutrinos have decoupled, the photons are heated beyond their usual heating from e+- annihilation, reducing the late time ratio of neutrino and photon temperatures (and number densities), leading to Neff<3. This opens the window for one or more equivalent neutrinos, including sterile neutrinos, to be consistent with Neff=3. By reducing the neutrino number density at present, this allows for more massive neutrinos, relaxing the current constraints on the sum of the neutrino masses. In contrast, if the light WIMP only couples to the SM neutrinos and not to the photons, its late time annihilation heats the neutrinos but not the photons, resulting in Neff>3 even in the absence of equivalent neutrinos or dark radiation. A measurement of Neff>3 is thus no guarantee of the presence of equivalent neutrinos or dark radiation. In the presence of light WIMPs and/or equivalent neutrinos there are degeneracies among the light WIMP mass and its nature (fermion or boson, as well as its couplings to neutrinos or photons), the number and nature (fermion or boson) of the equivalent neutrinos, and their decoupling temperature (the strength of their interactions with the SM particles). There's more to a measurement of Neff than meets the eye.
description: revised version, more figures, more references, 21 pages, 13 figures
Channel blockade in a two-path triple-quantum-dot system
Creators: name: Kotzian, M.
name: Gallego-Marcos, F.
name: Platero, G.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Conductivity
subject: Coulomb blockade
subject: Quantum dots
subject: Two-dimensional electron gas
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Electronic transport through a two-path triple-quantum-dot system with two source leads and one drain is studied and the interaction between the two paths is analyzed. We observe a channel blockade as a result of interchannel Coulombic interaction. The experimental results are understood with the help of a theoretical model which allows one to obtain the parameters of the system, the stability regions of each state, and the full dynamical transport in the triple-dot resonances. © 2016 American Physical Society.
Direct measurement of the g-factor of composite fermions
Creators: name: Schulze-Wischeler, F.
name: Mariani, E.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: FQH
subject: CF
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The activation gap Δ of the fractional quantum Hall states at constant fillings v = 2/3 and 2/5 has been measured as a function of the perpendicular magnetic field B. A linear dependence of Δ on B is observed while approaching the spin polarization transition, yielding a direct measurement of the g-factor of Composite Fermions. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.
Coulomb crystallization of highly charged ions
Creators: name: Schmöger, L.
name: Versolato, O.O.
name: Schwarz, M.
name: Kohnen, M.
name: Windberger, A.
name: Piest, B.
name: Feuchtenbeiner, S.
name: Pedregosa, J.
name: Leopold, T.
name: Micke, P.
name: Hansen, A.K.
name: Baumann, T.M.
name: Drewsen, M.
name: Ullrich, J.
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
name: Crespo López-Urrutia, J.R.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atoms
subject: Charged particles
subject: Coulomb crystallization
subject: Highly charged ions
subject: Orders of magnitude
subject: Radiofrequency trap
subject: Ions
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Sympathetic Coulomb crystallization of highly charged ions, retrapped in a cryogenic radiofrequency trap, is demonstrated by an over seven orders-of-magnitude decrease in motional temperature.
On Modeling Geometric Joint Sink Mobility with Delay-Tolerant Cluster-less Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Akbar, M.
name: Javaid, N.
name: Khan, A. A.
name: Khan, Z. A.
name: Qasim, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Moving Sink (MS) in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has appeared as a blessing because it collects data directly from the nodes where the concept of relay nodes is becomes obsolete. There are, however, a few challenges to be taken care of, like data delay tolerance and trajectory of MS which is NP-hard. In our proposed scheme, we divide the square field in small squares. Middle point of the partitioned area is the sojourn location of the sink, and nodes around MS are in its transmission range, which send directly the sensed data in a delay-tolerant fashion. Two sinks are moving simultaneously; one inside and having four sojourn locations and other in outer trajectory having twelve sojourn locations. Introduction of the joint mobility enhances network life and ultimately throughput. As the MS comes under the NP-hard problem, we convert it into a geometric problem and define it as, Geometric Sink Movement (GSM). A set of linear programming equations has also been given in support of GSM which prolongs network life time.
Kanzleistraße 24 in Reutlingen von 1267 (d). Ein Holzgerüstbau aus der Frühzeit der Reichsstadt
Creators: name: Marstaller, Tilmann
Publisher: name: Südwestdeutsche Beiträge zur historischen Bauforschung
Year: 2017

description: [nicht vorhanden / not avalable]
description: Südwestdeutsche Beiträge zur historischen Bauforschung, Bd. 7 (2007)
Conductance fluctuations at the quantum Hall plateau transition
Creators: name: Hohls, Frank
name: Zeitler, U.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: amplitude modulation
subject: article
subject: calculation
subject: density
subject: electric conductivity
subject: geometry
subject: quantum mechanics
subject: quantum theory
subject: temperature dependence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We analyze the conductance fluctuations observed in the quantum Hall regime for a bulk two-dimensional electron system in a Corbino geometry. We find that characteristics like the power spectral density and the temperature dependence agree well with simple expectations for universal conductance fluctuations in metals, while the observed amplitude is reduced. In addition, the dephasing length LΦ∝T-1/2, which governs the temperature dependence of the fluctuations, is surprisingly different from the scaling length Lsc∝T-1 governing the width of the quantum Hall plateau transition.
Statistical patterns of visual search for hidden objects
Creators: name: Credidio, H. F.
name: Teixeira, E. N.
name: Reis, S. D. S.
name: Moreira, A. A.
name: Andrade, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The movement of the eyes has been the subject of intensive research as a way to elucidate inner mechanisms of cognitive processes. A cognitive task that is rather frequent in our daily life is the visual search for hidden objects. Here we investigate through eye-tracking experiments the statistical properties associated with the search of target images embedded in a landscape of distractors. Specifically, our results show that the twofold process of eye movement, composed of sequences of fixations (small steps) intercalated by saccades (longer jumps), displays characteristic statistical signatures. While the saccadic jumps follow a log normal distribution of distances, which is typical of multiplicative processes, the lengths of the smaller steps in the fixation trajectories are consistent with a power-law distribution. Moreover, the present analysis reveals a clear transition between a directional serial search to an isotropic random movement as the difficulty level of the searching task is increased.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Waren Dächer nurzum Lagern da? Spuren früherer Dachausbauten - Beobachtungen in uncl um Schwäbisch Hall
Creators: name: Bedal, Albrecht
Publisher: name: Südwestdeutsche Beiträge zur historischen Bauforschung
Year: 2017

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Südwestdeutsche Beiträge zur historischen Bauforschung, Bd. 7 (2007)
Bimodal counting statistics in single-electron tunneling through a quantum dot
Creators: name: Fricke, Christian
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Wegscheider, W.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: quantum dots
subject: single-electron tunneling
subject: QPC
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We explore the full counting statistics of single-electron tunneling through a quantum dot using a quantum point contact as noninvasive high bandwidth charge detector. The distribution of counted tunneling events is measured as a function of gate and source-drain voltages for several consecutive electron numbers on the quantum dot. For certain configurations, we observe super-Poissonian statistics for bias voltages at which excited states become accessible. The associated counting distributions interestingly show a bimodal characteristic. Analyzing the time dependence of the number of electron counts, we relate this to a slow switching between different electron configurations on the quantum dot. © 2007 The American Physical Society.
Nambu sum rule in the NJL models: from superfluidity to top quark condensation
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It may appear that the recently found resonance at 125 GeV is not the only Higgs boson. We point out the possibility that the Higgs bosons appear in models of top-quark condensation, where the masses of the bosonic excitations are related to the top quark mass by the sum rule similar to the Nambu sum rule of the NJL models \cite{Nambu}. This rule was originally considered by Nambu for superfluid $^3$He-B and for the BCS model of superconductivity. It relates the two masses of bosonic excitations existing in each channel of Cooper pairing to the fermion mass. An example of the Nambu partners is provided by the amplitude and the phase modes in the BCS model describing Cooper pairing in the s-wave channel. This sum rule suggests the existence of the Nambu partners for the 125 GeV Higgs boson. Their masses can be predicted by the Nambu sum rule under certain circumstances. For example, if there are only two states in the given channel, the mass of the Nambu partner is $\sim$ 325 GeV. They together satisfy the Nambu sum rule $M_1^2 + M_2^2 = 4 M_t^2$, where $M_t \sim $174 GeV is the mass of the top quark. If there are two doubly degenerated states, then the second mass is $\sim$ 210 GeV. In this case the Nambu sum rule is $2 M_1^2 + 2 M_2^2 = 4 M_t^2$. In addition, the properties of the Higgs modes in superfluid $^3$He-A, where the symmetry breaking is similar to that of the Standard Model of particle physics, suggest the existence of two electrically charged Higgs particles with masses around 245 GeV, which together also obey the Nambu sum rule $M_+^2 + M_-^2 = 4 M_t^2$.
description: Latex, 7 pages. Accepted for publication in JETP lett. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.0204
Deformed N= 8 mechanics of (8, 8, 0) multiplets
Creators: name: Ivanov, Evgeny
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Sidorov, Stepan
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Extended Supersymmetry
subject: Space-Time Symmetries
subject: Superspaces
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We construct new models of “curved” SU(4|1) supersymmetric mechanics based on two versions of the off-shell multiplet (8, 8, 0) which are “mirror” to each other. The worldline realizations of the supergroup SU(4|1) are treated as a deformation of flat N= 8 , d = 1 supersymmetry. Using SU(4|1) chiral superfields, we derive invariant actions for the first-type (8, 8, 0) multiplet, which parametrizes special Kähler manifolds. Since we are not aware of a manifestly SU(4|1) covariant superfield formalism for the second-type (8, 8, 0) multiplet, we perform a general construction of SU(4|1) invariant actions for both multiplet types in terms of SU(2|1) superfields. An important class of such actions enjoys superconformal OSp(8|2) invariance. We also build off-shell actions for the SU(4|1) multiplets (6, 8, 2) and (7, 8, 1) through appropriate substitutions for the component fields in the (8, 8, 0) actions. The (6, 8, 2) actions are shown to respect superconformal SU(4|1, 1) invariance.
Annular cracks in thin films of nanoparticle suspensions drying on a fiber
Creators: name: Boulogne, François
name: Pauchard, Ludovic
name: Giorgiutti-Dauphiné, Frédérique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental study of the crack pattern formed during the drying of a colloidal suspension. A horizontal fiber, which provides a one dimensional, boundary-free substrate, is coated by a film of micronic thickness. The geometry imposes a remarkable annular crack pattern and allowing precise measurements of the crack spacing over a short range of film thickness (between 2 and 10 $μ$m) which varies linearly with the film height. We compare our experimental data with a model proposed by Kitsunezaki which suggests that the variation of the crack spacing with the film thickness depends on the ratio between a critical stress at cracking and a critical stress for slipping on the substrate. By measuring the friction force of the colloidal gels on a hydrophobic surface through a cantilever technique, we can deduce the critical crack stress for these colloidal gels simply by measuring the crack spacing of the pattern.
description: Accepted in EPL
Ausbildung und Verbreitung des Lehnswesens im Reich und in Italien im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert - eine Zusammenfassung
Creators: name: Auge, Oliver
Publisher: name: Vorträge und Forschungen
Year: 2017

description: Vorträge und Forschungen, Bd. 76 (2013): Vorträge und Forschungen: Ausbildung und Verbreitung des Lehnwesens im Reich und in Italien im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert
title: Gendersternchen – auch ein Thema für die Sprachdidaktik?
Creators: name: Schindler, Kirsten
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2019

description: Sprachdidaktiker*innen beschäftigen sich mit Fragen des Erwerbs und der Vermittlung von Sprache; meist mit Bezug zu unterrichtlichen Situationen. Im Unterricht geht es immer auch um Normfragen, also um die Frage des Richtig oder Falsch. Für die Orthographie sind die Diskussionsmöglichkeiten begrenzt(er), anders verhält es sich bei Themen, die die Bedeutung (Semantik) und Verwendung (Pragmatik) von Sprache betreffen.

Ob sich beim Thema Gender sprachliche und gesellschaftliche Argumente trennen lassen, wird durchaus strittig diskutiert. Während Peter Eisenberg den Genderstar (wie auch das Binnen-I und Partizipialformen) aus sprachsystematischen Gründen ablehnt, verteidigen ihn Linguist*innen, die sich eher einer anwendungsorientierten Linguistik verpflichtet fühlen. Anatol Stefanowitsch schätzt die gesellschaftliche Funktion geschlechtergerechter Schreibungen als besonders wichtig ein. Orthografisch (im Sinne der Schreibnorm) korrekt sind Schreibungen mit Binnen-I, Genderstern und Gendergap bislang nicht. Erst im November 2018 hat sie der Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung (zunächst) abgelehnt. Gleichwohl zeigen sich auch hier Tendenzen einer stärkeren Berücksichtigung geschlechtergerechter Schreibweisen.

Aus einer sprachdidaktischen Perspektive lassen sich noch andere Fragen anschließen: Wie bzw. was lernen Sprachteilnehmer*innen, wenn sie sich mit „Geschlecht und Sprache“ beschäftigen? Was wird vermittelt und wie lässt sich „Geschlecht und Sprache“ als Thema aufbereiten?
The Way the Correctness of the Essay "Literary Clichés and the Era of Revolutions" can be Additionally Proven with "A Novel Method for Detecting Plot" by Prof. Matthew L. Jockers
Creators: name: Yaremko, Serhii
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Matthew Jockers
A novel method for detecting plot
Six/seven major plot archetypes

description: This file contains the information about how a new theory of repeated elements and "A Novel Method for Detecting Plot" are connected
Viola arenaria Borkh.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: O. arenaria Borkh. (O. levis auct., Ph. arenaria Walpers) Cat. 282. l: Dorenaz (Gams). - 2:Albinen (Gyhr); Natsrs (Christ); Natersberg (Schröter). - 3:Iserables (Terretaz);um Vernamiege (Pannatier); bei Unterbäch (Binz); Hohkastler bei Bürchen (idem); bei Törbel (Stebler); Visperterminen (Beauverd, Thellung).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Applications of the Stochastic LapH Method
Creators: name: Bulava, John
name: Foley, Justin
name: Juge, Keisuke J.
name: Morningstar, Colin J.
name: Fahy, Brendan
name: Jhang, You-Cyuan
name: Lenkner, David
name: Wong, Chik Him
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in computing the hadron spectrum in lattice QCD using stochastic LapH quark propaga- tors is described. The stochastic LapH algorithm is a particular quark smearing algorithm that also allows the computation of all-to-all quark propagators. All-to-all quark propagators are required in our approach of using a large set of spatially extended hadron operators and explicit multi- particle operators to access excited states. We report on the progress made in the various isospin channels on 2+1 dynamical, anisotropic lattices generated by the Hadron Spectrum Collaboration.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; Addresses corrected
Differential geometry of Hilbert schemes of curves in a projective space
Creators: name: Bielawski, Roger
name: Peternell, Carolin
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 14C05
subject: 14H50
subject: 53C26
subject: 53C28
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: We describe the natural geometry of Hilbert schemes of curves in and, in some cases, in , n ≥ 4.
Vorwort
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft, [N.F.] Bd. 35 (2011): Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft
Multiplicity of solutions to the Yamabe problem on collapsing Riemannian submersions
Creators: name: Bettiol, Renato G.
name: Piccione, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J55, 53C30, 53A30, 53C20, 53C21, 58E50, 58J50

description: Let g_t be a family of constant scalar curvature metrics on the total space of a Riemannian submersion obtained by shrinking the fibers of an original metric g, so that the submersion collapses as t approaches 0 (i.e., the total space converges to the base in the Gromov-Hausdorff sense). We prove that, under certain conditions, there are at least 3 unit volume constant scalar curvature metrics in the conformal class [g_t] for infinitely many t's accumulating at 0. This holds, e.g., for homogeneous metrics g_t obtained via Cheeger deformation of homogeneous fibrations with fibers of positive scalar curvature.
description: LaTeX2e, 17 pages. To appear in Pacific J. Math
Kallisthenes und Alexander
Creators: name: Simons, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: [Nicht vorhanden / Not available]
description: Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft, [N.F.] Bd. 35 (2011): Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft
Die Kristallstruktur von [(CH3)4N]2TeCl6 und über die Einschlußverbindung [(CH3)4N]2(CH3CN)TeCl6
Creators: name: Abriel, Walter
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Crystal Structure
subject: Inclusion Compound
subject: Lone Pair Electrons
subject: Tellurates
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Both title compounds show an antifluorite-like arrangement of (CH3)4N+ cations and TeCl6 2- anions. The remaining octahedral holes in this array can be filled with CH3CN molecules forming the inclusion compound by crystallization from CH3CN solution. [(CH3)4N]2TeCl6 (space group Fd3c with a = 25.791(3) Å at 265(5) K and Z = 32) contains almost regular TeCl6 2- octahedra. In contrast, in [(CH3)4N]2(CH3CN)TeCl6 (space group Cmcm with a = 12.765(6), b = 14.349(7), c = 12.716(3) Å and Z = 4) the anion is statically distorted with the approximate point symmetry 4 mm. At temperatures above 320 K the solvent molecules can be removed yielding the Fd3c phase. Finally, structural relationships between antifluorite-like phases A2BX6 and elpasolites A2B'BX6 considering halogenides and cyanides are discussed.
Zum Dativ im Vedischen und in anderen indogermanischen Sprachen
Creators: name: Hettrich, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: [Nicht vorhanden / Not available]
description: Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft, [N.F.] Bd. 35 (2011): Würzburger Jahrbücher für die Altertumswissenschaft
Spatial extent of an outbreak in animal epidemics
Creators: name: Dumonteil, Eric
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Zoia, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing the spatial extent of epidemics at the outbreak stage is key to controlling the evolution of the disease. At the outbreak, the number of infected individuals is typically small, so that fluctuations around their average are important: then, it is commonly assumed that the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) mechanism can be described by a stochastic birth-death process of Galton-Watson type. The displacements of the infected individuals can be modelled by resorting to Brownian motion, which is applicable when long-range movements and complex network interactions can be safely neglected, as in case of animal epidemics. In this context, the spatial extent of an epidemic can be assessed by computing the convex hull enclosing the infected individuals at a given time. We derive the exact evolution equations for the mean perimeter and the mean area of the convex hull, and compare them with Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures (main text) + 4 pages, 3 figures (supplementary material)
Diffusion von gelöstem Wasserstoff und Deuterium in flüssigem Ammoniak
Creators: name: Haul, R.
name: Puttbach, E.
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1969
Subjects: subject: Diffusion coefficients
subject: H2
subject: D2
subject: liquid NH3
subject: mechanism of diffusion
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Diffusion coefficients of H2 and D2 in liquid NH3 were determined from rates of solution at constant partial pressure of the gases (9 atm) in the range -60 to + 1 0 °C. D0(H2) = 9.4±0.4 ; D0(D2) = 7.4+0.4 cm2/sec; ΔE(H2) =2090 ± 30 ; ΔE(D2) =2030 ± 30 cal/mole. The mechanism of diffusion and the isotope effects are discussed on the basis of the structure of liquid NH3 .
Multigap RPC for PET: development and optimisation of the detector design
Creators: name: Georgiev, Georgi
name: Ilieva, Nevena
name: Kozhuharov, Venelin
name: Lessigiarska, Iglika
name: Litov, Leandar
name: Pavlov, Borislav
name: Petkov, Peicho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transforming the resistive plate chambers from charged-particle into gamma-quanta detectors opens the way towards their application as a basic element of a hybrid imaging system, which combines positron emission tomography (PET) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a single device and provides non- and minimally- invasive quantitative methods for diagnostics. To this end, we performed detailed investigations encompassing the whole chain from the annihilation of the positron in the body, through the conversion of the created photons into electrons and to the optimization of the electron yield in the gas. GEANT4 based simulations of the efficiency of the RPC photon detectors with different converter materials and geometry were conducted for optimization of the detector design. The results justify the selection of a sandwich-type gas-insulator-converter design, with Bi or Pb as converter materials.
description: to be published in JINST
Fundplätze des Zweiten Weltkrieges in Burbach, Kreis Siegen-Wittgenstein, und Arnsberg, Hochsauerlandkreis
Creators: name: Zeiler, Manuel
Publisher: name: Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe, Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe 13 (2017)
Major overlap in plant and soil carbon hotspots across Africa
Creators: name: Kebonye, Ndiye Michael
name: John, Kingsley
name: Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
name: Zhou, Yong
name: Agyeman, Prince Chapman
name: Seletlo, Zibanani
name: Heung, Brandon
name: Scholten, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Soils
SOC
Machine Learning
Mechanistic Modeling
Digital Soil Mapping
Climate Change
Landscape
Spatial Scale
Above Ground Biomass
Below Ground Biomass
Terrestrial Carbon Pools

description: Terrestrial plant and soil carbon stocks are critical for regulating climate change, enhancing soil fertility, and supporting biodiversity. While a global-scale decoupling between plant and soil carbon has been documented, the hotspots and interconnections between these two carbon compartments across Africa, the second-largest continent on the planet, have been significantly overlooked. Here, we have compiled over 10,000 existing soil organic carbon (SOC) observations to generate a high-resolution (250 m) map illustrating the distribution pattern of soil organic carbon in Africa. The SOC map is then used as an input to understand the soil and plant carbon interconnections of Africa's vast landscape under changing environmental conditions.
Keywords: Africa | Landscapes | Soil Nitrogen | Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) | Spatial Scale | Above-ground Carbon | Below-ground Carbon
Below are R codes and maps, either generated or used in the study.
Die neolithischen Befunde und Funde vom Gaulskopf bei Warburg-Ossendorf, Kreis Höxter – Auswertung der Kampagnen von 1990 bis 1992
Creators: name: Pfeffer, Ingo
Publisher: name: Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe, Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe 13 (2017)