cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Semiparametric Inference for Non-monotone Missing-Not-at-Random Data: the No Self-Censoring Model
Creators: name: Malinsky, Daniel
name: Shpitser, Ilya
name: Tchetgen, Eric J. Tchetgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We study the identification and estimation of statistical functionals of multivariate data missing non-monotonically and not-at-random, taking a semiparametric approach. Specifically, we assume that the missingness mechanism satisfies what has been previously called “no self-censoring” or “itemwise conditionally independent nonresponse,” which roughly corresponds to the assumption that no partially-observed variable directly determines its own missingness status. We show that this assumption, combined with an odds ratio parameterization of the joint density, enables identification of functionals of interest, and we establish the semiparametric efficiency bound for the nonparametric model satisfying this assumption. We propose a practical augmented inverse probability weighted estimator, and in the setting with a (possibly high-dimensional) always-observed subset of covariates, our proposed estimator enjoys a certain double-robustness property. We explore the performance of our estimator with simulation experiments and on a previously-studied data set of HIV-positive mothers in Botswana.
Functional Sequential Treatment Allocation
Creators: name: Kock, Anders Bredahl
name: Preinerstorfer, David
name: Veliyev, Bezirgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Consider a setting in which a policy maker assigns subjects to treatments, observing each outcome before the next subject arrives. Initially, it is unknown which treatment is best, but the sequential nature of the problem permits learning about the effectiveness of the treatments. While the multi-armed-bandit literature has shed much light on the situation when the policy maker compares the effectiveness of the treatments through their mean, much less is known about other targets. This is restrictive, because a cautious decision maker may prefer to target a robust location measure such as a quantile or a trimmed mean. Furthermore, socio-economic decision making often requires targeting purpose specific characteristics of the outcome distribution, such as its inherent degree of inequality, welfare or poverty. In the present article, we introduce and study sequential learning algorithms when the distributional characteristic of interest is a general functional of the outcome distribution. Minimax expected regret optimality results are obtained within the subclass of explore-then-commit policies, and for the unrestricted class of all policies. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Additional file 2 of An efficient and pragmatic approach for regulatory aquatic mixture risk assessment of pesticides
Creators: name: Dietrich, Christian
name: Wang, Magnus
name: Ebeling, Markus
name: Gladbach, Anja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Supplemental material S2 – Case study information.
Semi-Holographic Fermi Liquids
Creators: name: Faulkner, Thomas
name: Polchinski, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the universal physics of recent holographic non-Fermi liquid models is captured by a semi-holographic description, in which a dynamical boundary field is coupled to a strongly coupled conformal sector having a gravity dual. This allows various generalizations, such as a dynamical exponent and lattice and impurity effects. We examine possible relevant deformations, including multi-trace terms and spin-orbit effects. We discuss the matching onto the UV theory of the earlier work, and an alternate description in which the boundary field is integrated out.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures; v2: typos corrected and report number added
title: Seguimiento a largo plazo de embolismos pulmonares por cemento mediante placa simple
Creators: name: Fornell Pérez, Roberto
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Treatment effects
subject: Vertebroplasty
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Pulmonary vessels

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Valorar la posibilidad de movilización o cambio de características de émbolos de cemento secundarios a vertebroplastia a lo largo de un periodo de tiempo prolongado,
así como la aparición de complicaciones pulmonares o vasculares de carácter...
title: The impact of corporate governance on Moroccan firm performance
Creators: name: Dsouli, Ouarda
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2024

description: This research project investigates the impact of corporate governance on Moroccan firm performance using a quantitative approach. The model that has been developed tests the impact of corporate governance mechanisms – namely, share ownership typology, leadership characteristics, and board of directors and board of management composition – on the performance of dispersed- and concentrated-ownership Moroccan listed firms. The results contend that these mechanisms do impact performance and that the extent of this impact depends on the nature of ownership, the industry, the governance mechanisms themselves and the firm’s performance measures. The results show that all share ownership typologies are positively associated with enhanced firm performance within dispersed-ownership financial and concentrated-ownership non-financial family firms. However, there is less protection for minority shareholders in dispersed-ownership non-financial and concentrated-ownership financial family firms. This study contends that the separation of CEO and chair roles and the presence of CEO-owners enhances firm performance. In addition, a long CEO tenure is found to be negatively associated to the performance of all Moroccan firms. The results show that larger board size and gender diversity in the boardroom enhance the performance of non-financial concentrated-ownership Moroccan family firms, whereas the presence of owners on the board decreases the performance of non-financial concentrated-ownership Moroccan family firms. A larger board of management/top management team and the presence of females on this team enhances the performance of, respectively, non-financial dispersed-ownership and concentrated-ownership family firms, and dispersed-ownership Moroccan family firms. The presence of independent board members enhances the performance of dispersed-ownership non-financial firms. The presence of foreigners on the boards of financial firms is negative for dispersed-ownership and concentrated-ownership family firms. This study proves the importance of considering the interdependences among a number of governance mechanisms. The model allows all shareowners of Moroccan listed firms to focus on the most effective corporate governance mechanisms depending on their share ownership typology and operating industry. This study is the first of its kind in a Moroccan context.
Light and electron microscopic autoradiographic investigation of the septo-dentate pathway in rat brain
Creators: name: Rose, Ann Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was undertaken to resolve the conflict between two existing studies regarding the layer in the dentate gyrus where the septal fibers terminate. This was accomplished by injecting radioact ively labelled amino acids into the medial septum where they were incorporated into protein by the cell bodies and transported to the nerve terminals. Autoradiographic grain counts showed labelling was moderately heavy in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, whereas labelling was scant in the molecular layer. These findings support the work of Raisman et al., (1965), but indicate the degeneration seen by Mosko, et al., (1973) in the molecular layer may have been artefactual. The ultrastructure of the septal terminals in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus was described. These terminals formed asymmetrical synapses onto dendrites and spines, and contained clear round vesicles. They resembled cholinergic nerve terminals described in other regions of the brain. These findings agree with accumulating evidence that the septo-dentate pathway is cholinergic.
Universal features of cell polarization processes
Creators: name: Gamba, A.
name: Kolokolov, I.
name: Lebedev, V.
name: Ortenzi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cell polarization plays a central role in the development of complex organisms. It has been recently shown that cell polarization may follow from the proximity to a phase separation instability in a bistable network of chemical reactions. An example which has been thoroughly studied is the formation of signaling domains during eukaryotic chemotaxis. In this case, the process of domain growth may be described by the use of a constrained time-dependent Landau-Ginzburg equation, admitting scale-invariant solutions {\textit{à la}} Lifshitz and Slyozov. The constraint results here from a mechanism of fast cycling of molecules between a cytosolic, inactive state and a membrane-bound, active state, which dynamically tunes the chemical potential for membrane binding to a value corresponding to the coexistence of different phases on the cell membrane. We provide here a universal description of this process both in the presence and absence of a gradient in the external activation field. Universal power laws are derived for the time needed for the cell to polarize in a chemotactic gradient, and for the value of the smallest detectable gradient. We also describe a concrete realization of our scheme based on the analysis of available biochemical and biophysical data.
description: Submitted to Journal of Statistical Mechanics -Theory and Experiments
Optimal Design of Experiments for Implicit Models
Creators: name: Duarte, Belmiro P. M.
name: Atkinson, Anthony C.
name: Granjo, José F. O.
name: Oliveira, Nuno M. C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Explicit models representing the response variables as functions of the control variables are standard in virtually all scientific fields. For these models, there is a vast literature on the optimal design of experiments (ODoE) to provide good estimates of the parameters with the use of minimal resources. Contrarily, the ODoE for implicit models is more complex and has not been systematically addressed. Nevertheless, there are practical examples where the models relating the response variables, the parameters and the factors are implicit or hardly convertible into an explicit form. We propose a general formulation for developing the theory of the ODoE for implicit algebraic models to specifically find continuous local designs. The treatment relies on converting the ODoE problem into an optimization problem of the nonlinear programming (NLP) class which includes the construction of the parameter sensitivities and the Cholesky decomposition of the Fisher information matrix. The NLP problem generated has multiple local optima, and we use global solvers, combined with an equivalence theorem from the theory of ODoE, to ensure the global optimality of our continuous optimal designs. We consider D- and A-optimality criteria and apply the approach to five examples of practical interest in chemistry and thermodynamics. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Black Objects and Hoop Conjecture in Five-dimensional Space-time
Creators: name: Yamada, Yuta
name: Shinkai, Hisa-aki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigated the sequences of initial data of thin spindle and thin ring in five-dimensional space-time in the context of the cosmic censorship conjecture. We modeled the matter in non-rotating homogeneous spheroidal or toroidal configurations under the momentarily static assumption, solved the Hamiltonian constraint equation, and searched the apparent horizons. We discussed when $S^3$ (black hole) or $S^1 \times S^2$ (black ring) horizons ("black objects") are formed. By monitoring the location of the maximum Kretchmann invariant, an appearance of `naked singularity' or `naked ring' under special situation is suggested. We also discuss the validity of the {\it hyper-hoop} conjecture using minimum {\it area} around the object, and show that the appearance of the ring horizon does not match with this hoop.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures Added a couple of comments and references, corrected grammatical errors. To be published in Class. Quant. Grav. (2010)
title: Anhedonia in depression and the case for refining its treatment: insights from examining the neural effects of catecholaminergic antidepressants
Creators: name: Dean, Zola
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: Anhedonia, clinically referred to as the loss of interest and/or pleasure, is a core symptom of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Although this criterion acknowledges impairments in motivational and consummatory domains, it is unclear how each aspect contributes to MDD. Examining this may assist with the development of more effective treatments, which is essential given that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are ineffective at treating anhedonia. Intriguingly, it has been proposed that catecholaminergic antidepressants might be more suitable treatments for anhedonia in MDD. However, few empirical studies have been conducted in humans to examine this notion. Three studies are included in this thesis. The first study investigated what aspects of reward processing are dysfunctional in individuals with high depression symptoms (HDS), using a novel progressive ratio task and explicit measures of wanting, anticipated pleasure, liking and intensity. We identified that individuals with HDS have deficits in accurately anticipating pleasure and a subset of HDS volunteers underestimate their performance. Interestingly, we did not observe impairments in experiencing pleasure to, or expending effort for, a pleasant taste. Our results not only contribute to the understanding of what reward-related aspects are impaired in individuals experiencing HDS, but they also have important methodological implications regarding how anhedonia is researched. Studies two and three were the first to examine how two catecholaminergic antidepressants, bupropion and agomelatine, affect reward and aversion anticipation, effort and consummation in the healthy human brain. We found that bupropion increased brain activity during both reward and aversion processing, and that agomelatine enhanced neural activity during aversion processing. Our findings may help explain why catecholaminergic antidepressants might be more effective treatments for anhedonia and emotional blunting, compared to SSRIs. Taken together, this body of work provides valuable insight into the prospect of developing more personalised treatments for MDD, based on symptoms as opposed to diagnosis alone.
Grand challenges for human factors and ergonomics
Creators: name: Karwowski, Waldemar
name: Salvendy, Gavriel
name: Endsley, Mica
name: Rouse, William
name: Salmon, Paul
name: Stanney, Kay
name: Thatcher, Andrew
name: Andre, Tony
name: Yang, Jessie
name: Ayaz, Hasan
name: Cakir, Ahmet
name: Duffy, Vince
name: Drury, Colin
name: Gao, Qin
name: Guo, Yinni
name: Hancock, Peter
name: Marras, William S.
name: Rau, Patrick
name: Sawyer, Ben
name: Stanton, Neville
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Contemporary society faces a growing set of complex global issues representing significant human health, well-being, and sustainability threats. Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) has a critical role to play in responding to these issues; however, there remain a set of grand challenges that require resolution. This paper presents and discusses six grand challenges for HFE and related key research thrust areas for each of the challenges. The grand challenges are (1) Evolution in Societal Thinking; (2) Future of Human Work in Industry 5.0; (3) Climate Change and Sustainability; (4) Future of Education and Training; (5) Future of Personalized Health, and (6) Life, Technology, and the Metaverse. These grand challenges and key research thrust areas were derived by twenty HFE professionals who are the authors of this paper. The implications of these grand challenges for education, training, research, and implementation of HFE principles and methods for the benefit of humankind are discussed.
Koszul duality of E_n-operads
Creators: name: Fresse, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P48, 18G55, 55S12

description: The goal of this paper is to prove a Koszul duality result for E_n-operads in differential graded modules over a ring. The case of an E_1-operad, which is equivalent to the associative operad, is classical. For n>1, the homology of an E_n-operad is identified with the n-Gerstenhaber operad and forms another well known Koszul operad. Our main theorem asserts that an operadic cobar construction on the dual cooperad of an E_n-operad defines a cofibrant model of E_n. This cofibrant model gives a realization at the chain level of the minimal model of the n-Gerstenhaber operad arising from Koszul duality. Most models of E_n-operads in differential graded modules come in nested sequences of operads homotopically equivalent to the sequence of the chain operads of little cubes. In our main theorem, we also define a model of the operad embeddings E_n-1 --> E_n at the level of cobar constructions.
description: 63 pages. Concluding section reduced and most extra remarks of the initial version removed in v5. Core of the paper unchanged. Minor updates in v6 (copy of the manuscript submitted on November 15, 2009)
In-silico profiling and structural insights into the impact of nSNPs in the P. falciparum acetyl-CoA transporter gene to understand the mechanism of drug resistance in malaria
Creators: name: Rahila Sardar
name: Katyal, Nidhi
name: Shahzaib Ahamad
name: Dhananjay D. Jade
name: Ali, Shakir
name: Gupta, Dinesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The continuous emergence of resistance to the available drugs poses major constraints in the development of effective therapeutics against malaria. Malaria drug resistance has been attributed to be the manifestation of numerous factors. For example, mutations in the parasite transporter protein acetyl-CoA transporter (Pfact) can remarkably affect its uptake affinity for a drug molecule against malaria, and hence enhance its susceptibility to resistance. To identify major contributors to its loss of functionality, we have thoroughly scrutinized eight such recently reported resistant mutants, via in-silico tools in terms of alterations in different properties. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of the selected Pfact mutants to gain deeper insights into the structural perturbation and dynamicity. Comparison of residue interaction network map of mutants with that of Wild type (WT) protein suggests structural changes as a result of the mutation(s) that translate into the weakening of intra-protein interactions, especially around the drug binding pocket. This, in turn, diminishes the affinity of drug molecules towards the binding site, which was validated by docking analysis. Finally, collating all the observations, we have delineated R108K mutant to deviate the most from WT protein, which, intriguingly suggests that replacing an amino acid with another of similar nature can even translate into greater functional effects as those with dissimilar substitutions. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Limits on the luminosity function of Ly-alpha emitters at z = 7.7
Creators: name: Hibon, P.
name: Cuby, J. -G.
name: Willis, J.
name: Clément, B.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Willott, C. J.
name: Marmo, C.
name: McCracken, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ly-alpha luminosity function (LF) of high-redshift Ly-alpha emitters (LAEs) is one of the few observables of the re-ionization epoch accessible to date with 8-10 m class telescopes. The evolution with redshift allows one to constrain the evolution of LAEs and their role in re-ionizing the Universe at the end of the Dark Ages. We have performed a narrow-band imaging program at 1.06 microns at the CFHT, targeting Ly-alpha emitters at redshift z ~ 7.7 in the CFHT-LS D1 field. From these observations we have derived a photometric sample of 7 LAE candidates at z ~ 7.7. We derive luminosity functions for the full sample of seven objects and for sub-samples of four objects. If the brightest objects in our sample are real, we infer a luminosity function which would be difficult to reconcile with previous work at lower redshift. More definitive conclusions will require spectroscopic confirmation.
description: 12 pages, accepted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Association between trastuzumab treatment interruption and survival in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Ferreira, Ludmila Andrade Alves
name: da Silva, Mário Jorge Sobreira
name: de Araújo, Patricia Ribeiro Portella
name: Retto, Maely Peçanha Fávero
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This retrospective study analyzed the effect of trastuzumab treatment interruption on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) within two years after diagnosis in women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Sociodemographic, clinicopathological, and therapeutic variables were collected from medical records of patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 at a comprehensive cancer care center in Brazil. Survival estimates were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. The Cox Regression model was used to estimate the risk of outcomes. The average OS was 20.2 months, and the PFS was 13.1 months. Interruption of trastuzumab treatment was associated with an increase in overall survival time compared with continued treatment (22.5 months; 95% CI: 21.8 − 23.3 vs. 17.7 months; 95% CI: 15.9 − 19.4; P = 0.001). The adjusted risk model revealed that continued trastuzumab therapy was independently associated with a 2.86-fold increased risk of mortality.
title: Angio-TC de pared abdominal: una herramienta inestimable en la planificación de las reconstrucciones DIEP.
Creators: name: Morales Vargas, Alvaro Mauricio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Grafts
subject: Surgery
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir nuestra experiencia en el uso de la angiografia de pared abdominal en la selección y la realización de reconstrucciones mamarias con la técnica DIEP,
asi como describir e ilustrar los hallazgos más frecuentes ylas ventajas que aporta...
title: Pseudoaneurismas arteriales femorales. Tratamiento con trombina, pero no siempre.
Creators: name: Pinar Ruiz, Antonio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El importante incremento de los procedimientos hemodinámicos y electrofisiológicos cardiacos en la actualidad ha aumentado la aparición de complicaciones en los vasos de abordaje,
siendo una de las más importantes la presencia de...
Additional file 1 of Being a member of a novel transitional case management team for patients with unstable housing: an ethnographic study
Creators: name: Garcia-Jorda, Dailys
name: Fabreau, Gabriel E.
name: Li, Queenie Kwan Wing
name: Polachek, Alicia
name: Milaney, Katrina
name: McLane, Patrick
name: McBrien, Kerry A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide. Semi-structured interview guide for C2C staff.
Coupled Generation
Creators: name: Dai, Ben
name: Shen, Xiaotong
name: Wong, Wing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Instance generation creates representative examples to interpret a learning model, as in regression and classification. For example, representative sentences of a topic of interest describe the topic specifically for sentence categorization. In such a situation, a large number of unlabeled observations may be available in addition to labeled data, for example, many unclassified text corpora (unlabeled instances) are available with only a few classified sentences (labeled instances). In this article, we introduce a novel generative method, called a coupled generator, producing instances given a specific learning outcome, based on indirect and direct generators. The indirect generator uses the inverse principle to yield the corresponding inverse probability, enabling to generate instances by leveraging an unlabeled data. The direct generator learns the distribution of an instance given its learning outcome. Then, the coupled generator seeks the best one from the indirect and direct generators, which is designed to enjoy the benefits of both and deliver higher generation accuracy. For sentence generation given a topic, we develop an embedding-based regression/classification in conjuncture with an unconditional recurrent neural network for the indirect generator, whereas a conditional recurrent neural network is natural for the corresponding direct generator. Moreover, we derive finite-sample generation error bounds for the indirect and direct generators to reveal the generative aspects of both methods thus explaining the benefits of the coupled generator. Finally, we apply the proposed methods to a real benchmark of abstract classification and demonstrate that the coupled generator composes reasonably good sentences from a dictionary to describe a specific topic of interest. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
"Narrazione filosofica" e "afilosofia". I problemi della filosofia, dell'espressione e del senso in Gadda e in Merleau-Ponty
Philosophical narrative and "A-philosophy". The problems of philosophy, meaning and expression in Gadda and Merleau-Ponty
Creators: name: Lo Marco, Lucia <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: M-FIL/04 Estetica

description: Questo lavoro pone i problema di una presentazione filosofica della Meditazione milanese,  nel suo rapporto con l'opera letteraria di Gadda e, contemporaneamente, instaura un confronto tra il complesso della produzione gaddiana (saggistica e narrativa) e l'ipotesi, messa in rilevo da Merleau-Ponty, di trovare al di fuori del vocabolario filosofico le possibilità di esprimere e raccontare la realtà che ci circonda. Nel costante riferimento alle posizioni teoretiche espresse nella Meditazione milanese, non solo viene inscritta la figura di Gadda entro un panorama filosofico, ma risulta problematizzato lo statuto stesso della filosofia. .
description: Questo lavoro pone i problema di una presentazione filosofica della Meditazione milanese,  nel suo rapporto con l'opera letteraria di Gadda e, contemporaneamente, instaura un confronto tra il complesso della produzione gaddiana (saggistica e narrativa) e l'ipotesi, messa in rilevo da Merleau-Ponty, di trovare al di fuori del vocabolario filosofico le possibilità di esprimere e raccontare la realtà che ci circonda. Nel costante riferimento alle posizioni teoretiche espresse nella Meditazione milanese, non solo viene inscritta la figura di Gadda entro un panorama filosofico, ma risulta problematizzato lo statuto stesso della filosofia. .
New insights on olfactory priming effects on the cerebral processing of food pictures in normal-weight, overweight, and obese adults
Creators: name: Zsoldos, Isabella
name: Sinding, Charlotte
name: Godet, Ambre
name: Chambaron, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: food odour
priming
obesity
event-related potential
electroencephalography

description: The cerebral activity associated with attentional processes may differ between individuals with different weight statuses in the presence of food stimuli (e.g. odours, pictures). The objective of the present study was to test the influence of non-attentively perceived food odours on the cerebral activity underlying the processing of food pictures, in normal-weight, overweight, and obese adults. To do so, we used an implicit olfactory priming paradigm with a pear odour and a pound cake odour as primes, respectively priming sweet low-energy-density foods and sweet high-energy-density foods. Event-related potentials were recorded while the participants passively watched pictures of sweet low- and high-energy-density foods, under the two priming conditions plus an odourless control condition. The amplitude of the P100 and the P200 peaks were measured. The results suggest that the cerebral activity underlying the processing of food cues differs depending on weight status, from early and non-conscious stages of attentional processing.
Holographic Lifshitz flows
Creators: name: Baggioli, Matteo
name: Pujolas, Oriol
name: Wu, Xin-Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Without Lorentz symmetry, generic fixed points of the renormalization group (RG) are labelled by their dynamical (or `Lifshitz') exponent $z$. Hence, a rich variety of possible RG flows arises. The first example is already given by the standard non-relativistic limit, which can be viewed as the flow from a $z=1$ UV fixed point to a $z=2$ IR fixed point. In strongly coupled theories, there are good arguments suggesting that Lorentz invariance can emerge dynamically in the IR from a Lorentz violating UV. In this work, we perform a generic study of fixed points and the possible RG flows among them in a minimal bottom-up holographic model without Lorentz invariance, aiming to shed light on the possible options and the related phenomenology. We find: i) A minor generalization of previous models involving a massive vector field with allowed self-couplings leads to a much more efficient emergence of Lorentz invariance than in the previous attempts. Moreover, we find that generically the larger is the UV dynamical exponent $z_{UV}$ the faster is the recovery of Lorentz symmetry in the IR. ii) We construct explicitly a holographic model with a line of fixed points, realizing different Lifshitz scaling along the line. iii) We also confirm the monotonicity of a recently proposed a-function along all our Lorentz violating RG flows.
description: v2: minor revisions, matching the published version that will appear in JHEP
Cosmological Perturbations in Models of Coupled Dark Energy
Creators: name: Chongchitnan, Sirichai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models in which dark energy interacts with dark matter have been proposed in the literature to help explain why dark energy should only come to dominate in recent times. In this paper, we present a dynamical framework to calculate cosmological perturbations for a general quintessence potential and interaction term. Our formalism is built upon the powerful phase-space approach often used to analyse the dynamical attractors in the background. We obtain a set of coupled differential equations purely in terms of dimensionless, bounded variables and apply these equations to calculate perturbations in a number of scenarios. Interestingly, in the presence of dark-sector interactions, we find that dark energy perturbations do not redshift away at late times, but can cluster even on small scales. We also clarify the initial conditions for the perturbations in the dark sector, showing that adiabaticity is no longer conserved in the presence of dark-sector interactions, even on large scales. Some issues of instability in the perturbations are also discussed.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. D
Pharmacophore model and atom-based 3D quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) capsid assembly inhibitors
Creators: name: R. P. Bhole
name: C. G. Bonde
name: S. C. Bonde
name: R. V. Chikhale
name: R. D. Wavhale
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A potential anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) agent with novel mode of action is urgently needed to fight against drug resistance HIV. The HIV capsid protein is important for both late and early stages of the viral replication cycle and emerged as a promising target for the developing of small molecule inhibitors of HIV. We design a Pharmacophore and 3D Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model for HIV Capsid Protein inhibitors, which helps to identify overall aspects of molecular structure that govern activity and for the prediction of novel HIV Capsid inhibitors. The hypothesis was developed with a survival score of 3.6.The features, that is, two aromatic rings, one hydrophobic site and two acceptor regions were present in all the active compounds with good fitness score. Pharmacophore model was then validated by a partial least square and regression-based PHASE 3D QSAR cross-validation. The leave-n-out cross validation for test set (Q2) of the hypothesis is 0.636, the standard deviation (SD) value is 0.338, and the variance ratio (F-test) value is 74.5. Hypothesis also showed a leave-n-out cross validation for training set (R2, 0.928). Interestingly, the predicted activity of true test set compounds was found in the close vicinity of their experimental activity suggesting the methodology used and models generated can be applied to identify potential new chemical entities with better HIV-1 capsid assembly inhibition. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Mitochondrial function and dysfunction in astrocytes : the role of 17βHSD10 in Alzheimer's disease
Creators: name: Metodieva, Vanya Vladimirova
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: RC523.M4
subject: Astrocytes
subject: Mitochondrial pathology

description: In an effort to find novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), recent research discovered that astrocytic metabolism is disrupted very early on in the disease and may contribute to disease-specific regional vulnerability to neurodegeneration. The current work provides evidence that in vitro mouse astrocytes isolated from the cortex, the hippocampus (both affected early in AD progression) and the cerebellum (affected in late stages) are characterised by distinct morphological and metabolic phenotypes. While cortical astrocytes exhibited overall higher metabolic activity, the hippocampal population had the highest glycolytic capacity of all three groups. These disparities were suggested to stem from different capacity for substrate import, utilisation, and metabolic reserve, which in turn determine astrocytic metabolic flexibility. These differences were associated with distinct capability for adaptation to metabolic stress with cerebellar astrocytes being more vulnerable to such conditions. Furthermore, ketone body supplementation was found to have more potent protective effects during nutrient deprivation in cerebellar as compared to other astrocytes. Interestingly, oxidative stress was more detrimental to cortical and hippocampal cells and this is associated with severe alterations in their mitochondrial number and morphology, suggesting that mitochondria may be more involved in astrocytic stress adaptation than previously reported. The role of the mitochondrial 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17βHSD10) in astrocytic metabolism is the other main focus of this work. This mitochondrial enzyme is a hypothesised metabolic switch, which directly binds Aβ, exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction in AD-affected cortical and hippocampal areas. The current work presents the first characterisation of 17βHSD10 function in astrocytes, showing that the protein is an important regulator of mitochondrial respiration and adaptation to metabolic and amyloidogenic stress. Importantly, stress-induced regulation of 17βHSD10 activity and expression showed a region-dependent phenotype, implying that the enzyme may be an important regulator in the reported metabolic heterogeneity of astrocytes. Finally, the impact of the protein on astrocytic function was largely determined by metabolic demand and substrate availability. In summary, in vitro astrocytes isolated from different brain regions differ in their morphology, metabolic function, and resilience to AD-related stress conditions. 17βHSD10 was identified as an important regulator of their mitochondrial metabolism and region-dependent response to amyloid-induced and metabolic stress. These findings suggest that astrocytic 17βHSD10 could be a central component in the transition between early (amyloid-driven) and late (hypometabolism-driven) neurodegeneration in AD.
In Silico identification of hydantoin derivatives: a novel natural prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor
Creators: name: Teli, Mahesh Kumar
name: Surendra Kumar
name: Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
name: Kim, Mi-Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common dementia in late life memory related issues. It is estimated that worldwide 46.8 million people suffer from dementia. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) upregulation could be a potential neuroprotective strategy by modulating the multiple survival pathways in Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, the development of small molecules that induce HIF-α activation via inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase enzyme (PHD) has been suggested as a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD. Thus, to unveil a novel human PHD inhibitor, 2D-QSAR (Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship) modeling was performed with the 213 PHD inhibitors reported in the USA patent database. Best model with the r2 score of 0.8273 and q2 value of 0.8284 with dendritic fingerprint was developed and visualized by kernel partial least squares (KPLS) methods, which were used for visualization and screening of natural/derivative compounds database for novel and effective drug or scaffold. The docking was performed as a secondary strategy for screening the top 5000 compounds retrieved by 2D-QSAR based screening. Further, the docked complexes were screened by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) based binding free energy calculations to determine the binding energy of the inhibitors and to identify crucial interacting energy contributors. Three leads have demonstrated good binding free energy and the better binding affinity for PHD compared to other selected ligands. Thus, the results obtained from QSAR, docking and MD simulations depicted that hydantoin scaffold could be effectively used as a potent inhibitor toward human PHD in AD therapeutics.
Decision theory as a tool in sockeye salmon management of the Babine system
Creators: name: Sheehan, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A procedure for applying the concepts of Bayesian decision theory to salmon management is presented and illustrated with an application to the Babine system sockeye salmon fishery in British Columbia. The particular decision considered is the recommended escapement to aim for in a given year. The Babine fishery is described and the decision theory concepts are outlined. The procedure involves defining the relationship between the recommended spawning escapement and the number of adults returning in the cycle year in probabilistic terms; defining the utility, that is the relative desirability of various sizes of catch; and computing the total expected utility of both the catch in the current year and the spawning returns associated with alternative values of the recommended escapement. The escapement with the maximum expected utility should be chosen and recommended.
Exploring Subjective Experiences of Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) for Psychosis - a Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) Informed Narrative Inquiry
Creators: name: Rainey, Paul
name: Colbert, Susannah
name: McSherry, Pamela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: An extensive body of evidence supports the association between life adversity and experiences such as hearing voices and holding beliefs that others may find unusual. Emerging evidence suggests Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) may be an effective intervention for reducing the emotional impact of trauma memories in the context of psychosis and, as a result, may lessen the impact of unusual experiences. Despite this, there has been limited research into clients’ subjective experiences of EMDR for psychosis with existing research predominantly focused on its ability to resolve what are viewed as ‘comorbid symptoms’ of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The theoretical assumptions of the Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) suggest that unusual experiences can be understood as trauma related distress. In line with this perspective, the aims of the current study were to explore what focusing therapeutically on traumatic experiences in the context of psychosis might reveal about the link between adversity and psychosis and, furthermore, to explore what clients’ depict as important when engaging with EMDR for psychosis. Participants recruited from specialist psychosis community mental health services were interviewed and a qualitative narrative analysis methodology employed. Within the narratives, trauma-derived personal meanings were common and could be linked to the content of unusual experiences. Participants consistently positioned themselves as advocates of EMDR for psychosis, citing improved relationships and feeling calmer amongst positive changes. In reflecting on their experiences of EMDR, participants more commonly cited the importance of a trusting therapeutic relationship than specific EMDR techniques. A number of clinical implications are raised, including recommendations for care resourcing and planning.
Functional Sequential Treatment Allocation*
Creators: name: Kock, Anders Bredahl
name: Preinerstorfer, David
name: Veliyev, Bezirgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Consider a setting in which a policy maker assigns subjects to treatments, observing each outcome before the next subject arrives. Initially, it is unknown which treatment is best, but the sequential nature of the problem permits learning about the effectiveness of the treatments. While the multi-armed-bandit literature has shed much light on the situation when the policy maker compares the effectiveness of the treatments through their mean, much less is known about other targets. This is restrictive, because a cautious decision maker may prefer to target a robust location measure such as a quantile or a trimmed mean. Furthermore, socio-economic decision making often requires targeting purpose specific characteristics of the outcome distribution, such as its inherent degree of inequality, welfare or poverty. In the present paper we introduce and study sequential learning algorithms when the distributional characteristic of interest is a general functional of the outcome distribution. Minimax expected regret optimality results are obtained within the subclass of explore-then-commit policies, and for the unrestricted class of all policies.
NPEP Finding (and accessing) the research in your professional practice / Dod o hyd (a chael mynediad)i yr ymchwil Yn eich ymarfer proffesiynol
Creators: name: Lester, Mark
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390403
subject: Educational administration, management and leadership

description: Collection of material related to NPEP session at USW - Newport on 9th Feb 2024. Delivered by Mark Lester - Assistant Head Librarian: Scholarly Communications (Cardiff Met).Included here are the slides and recording.Links to open access and AI resources mentioned in slides:Unpaywall / OA HelperDirectory of Open Access Journals / Open Access BooksSCISPACE / Perplexity / Consensus