cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Object Detection for Graphical User Interface: Old Fashioned or Deep Learning or a Combination?
Creators: name: Chen, Jieshan
name: Xie, Mulong
name: Xing, Zhenchang
name: Chen, Chunyang
name: Xu, Xiwei
name: Zhu, Liming
name: Li, Guoqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting Graphical User Interface (GUI) elements in GUI images is a domain-specific object detection task. It supports many software engineering tasks, such as GUI animation and testing, GUI search and code generation. Existing studies for GUI element detection directly borrow the mature methods from computer vision (CV) domain, including old fashioned ones that rely on traditional image processing features (e.g., canny edge, contours), and deep learning models that learn to detect from large-scale GUI data. Unfortunately, these CV methods are not originally designed with the awareness of the unique characteristics of GUIs and GUI elements and the high localization accuracy of the GUI element detection task. We conduct the first large-scale empirical study of seven representative GUI element detection methods on over 50k GUI images to understand the capabilities, limitations and effective designs of these methods. This study not only sheds the light on the technical challenges to be addressed but also informs the design of new GUI element detection methods. We accordingly design a new GUI-specific old-fashioned method for non-text GUI element detection which adopts a novel top-down coarse-to-fine strategy, and incorporate it with the mature deep learning model for GUI text detection.Our evaluation on 25,000 GUI images shows that our method significantly advances the start-of-the-art performance in GUI element detection.
description: 13 pages, accepted to ESEC/FSE '20
ULT-model: Towards a one-legged unified locomotion template model for forward hopping with an upright trunk
Creators: name: Ossadnik, Dennis
name: Jensen, Elisabeth
name: Haddadin, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: While many advancements have been made in the development of template models for describing upright-trunk locomotion, the majority of the effort has been focused on the stance phase. In this paper, we develop a new compact dynamic model as a first step toward a fully unified locomotion template model (ULT-model) of an upright-trunk forward hopping system, which will also require a unified control law in the next step. We demonstrate that all locomotion subfunctions are enabled by adding just a point foot mass and a parallel leg actuator to the well-known trunk SLIP model and that a stable limit cycle can be achieved. This brings us closer toward the ultimate goal of enabling closed-loop dynamics for anchor matching and thus achieving simple, efficient, robust and stable upright-trunk gait control, as observed in biological systems.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Scharnhorst effect for a general two-parameter lagrangian density
Creators: name: Barone, F. A.
name: Farina, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how the propagation of electromagnetic fields described by a general two-parameter lagrangian, which contains the Euler-Heisenberg effective lagrangian and the Born-Infeld lagrangian as particular cases, is affected by a pair of parallel plates that impose boundary conditions in the quantized field. We consider three differents setups, namely: (i) two perfectly conducting plates; (ii) two infinitely permeable plates and (iii) a pair of plates in which one of them is a perfect conductor and the other has an infinite magnetic permeability.
description: To be submitted for publication, revtex4 package, corrected typos, references rearranged
A solar origin of the XENON1T excess without stellar cooling problems
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sabyasachi
name: Jung, Tae Hyun
name: Loladze, Vazha
name: Okui, Takemichi
name: Tobioka, Kohsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar interpretations of the recent XENON1T excess events, such as axion or dark photon emissions from the sun, are thought to be at odds with stellar cooling bounds from the horizontal branch stars and red giants. We propose a simple effective field theory of a dark photon in which a $Z_2$ symmetry forbids a single dark photon emission in the dense stars, thereby evading the cooling bounds, while the $Z_2$ is spontaneously broken in the vacuum and sun, thereby explaining the XENON1T excess. The scalar responsible for the $Z_2$ breaking has an extremely flat potential, but the flatness can be maintained under quantum corrections. The UV completion of the EFT generally requires the existence of new electrically charged particles with sub-TeV masses with $O(1)$ couplings to the dark photon, offering the opportunity to test the scenario further and opening a new window into the dark sector in laboratory experiments.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; Fifth force, equivalence principle constraints and some references are added. The main conclusions are unchanged
Gamma-ray Emission Properties of Four Bright Fermi-LAT AGNs: Implications on Emission Processes
Creators: name: Kushwaha, Pankaj
name: Sinha, Atreyee
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Singh, K. P.
name: Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray, Ultraviolet, Optical emission from radio-quiet AGNs, black hole binaries, and other compact sources, in general, follow a lognormal flux distribution, a linear rms-flux relation, and a (broken) power-law power spectral densities (PSDs). These characteristics are normally attributed to the multiplicative combination of fluctuations in the accretion disk. Similar features have been inferred for some well-observed blazars in different energy bands, but a systematic study over a long duration is still missing. Using a continuous gamma-ray light curves over 3-days cadence from August 2008 - October 2015, we present the first systematic study of these features in four sources: the FR I radio galaxy NGC 1275 and three blazars- Mrk 421, B2 1520+31 and PKS 1510-089. For all, except Mrk 421, the flux spans $\gtrsim$ 2 orders of magnitude. For blazars, a log-normal profile describes the flux histograms better compared to a Gaussian, while none is favored for NGC 1275, the only non-blazar source, suggesting a complex distribution. Regardless of flux histogram profile, the rms-flux relation is linear for all with PSDs being consistent with a power-law shot noise spectrum despite hints of breaks. The inferred results are consistent with the properties of unresolved magnetic reconnection sites, as inferred in the X-ray emission from the whole Solar disk and the statistical characteristics of magnetic reconnection based minijets-in-a-jet model. The results, thus, suggest a strong jet-accretion-disk coupling with energy input from the central source being distributed over a wide range in time and energy by the reconnection process depending on the geometry and local physical conditions.
description: 4 Pages, 4 Figures, Proceeding of Brazillian Astronomical Society (Annual Meeting)
Deep inelastic vortex scattering: A third outcome for head-on collisions
Creators: name: Honda, Ethan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented from numerical simulations of the flat-space nonlinear Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equations demonstrating deep inelastic scattering of $m=1$ vortices for a range of Ginzburg-Landau (or Abelian-Higgs) parameters ($κ$), impact parameters ($b$), and initial velocities ($v_0$). The threshold ($v_0^*$) of right-angle scattering is explored for head-on ($b=0$) collisions by varying $v_0$. Solutions obey time-scaling laws, $T\propto α\ln(v_0-v_0^*) $, with $κ$-dependent scaling exponents, $α$, and have $v_0^*$ that appear not to have the previously reported upper bound. The arbitrarily long-lived static intermediate attractor at criticality ($v_0=v_0^*$) is observed to be the $κ$-specific $m=2$ vortex solution. Scattering angles are observed for off-axis ($b\neq 0$) collisions for a wide range of $b$, $v_0$, and $κ$. It is shown that for arbitrarily small impact parameters ($b\rightarrow 0$), the unstable %but arbitrarily long-lived $κ$-dependent $m=2$ "critical" vortex is an intermediate attractor and decays with a $κ$-\emph{independent} scattering angle of $135^{\circ}$, as opposed to either of the well-known values of $180^{\circ}$ or $90^{\circ}$ for $b=0$.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables
பெரியார் எனும் பெருவாழ்வு
Creators: name: Devarkaivalyam, Ashok
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: மனித இனம் பிற இனத்திடமிருந்து வேறுபட்டு உயர்ந்து செம்மாந்த நிலையை அடைவதற்கு காரணம் மனிதனின் சிந்தனைத்திறனேயாகும். இதே சிந்தனை திறன் சற்று நிலை மாறும் பொழுது மனிதன் தன் நிலையிலிருந்து விலங்கு நிலைக்குக் கீழே இறங்கி விடுகின்றான். மனிதன் தன் நிலையில் இருப்பதற்கும் தன் நிலையிலிருந்து உயர்வதற்கும் அதே சிந்தனைத் திறன் தான் தேவைப்படுகிறது. அவ்வாறு சிந்திக்கும் திறன் பெற்றவர்கள் மனித குலத்திற்கே வழிகாட்டியாக விளங்குகிறார்கள். அந்தவகையில் சமுதாய ஏற்றத்தாழ்வுகளை நீக்குவதற்காக தன் வாழ்நாள் முழுவதும் உழைத்தவர் தந்தை பெரியார். இவர் சிக்கனமாக வாழ்ந்து தன் சொத்துகளை மக்களுக்கு வழங்கியவர். தன்னலம் இல்லாமல் பொது நலத்திற்காகவே வாழ்ந்தவர். பெண்களின் முன்னேற்றத்தை பெரிதும் விரும்பி உழைத்தவர். யாரையும் பின்பற்றாமல் கொள்கைகளை தானே வகுத்து சீர் திருத்தங்களுக்கு வழிவகுத்தவர். அந்த வகையில் பெரியார் எனும் பெரு வாழ்வு மகத்தானதாகும்.
Origin of Tidal Dissipation in Jupiter: I. Properties of Inertial-Mode
Creators: name: Wu, Yanqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study global inertial-modes with the purpose of unraveling the role they play in the tidal dissipation process of Jupiter. For spheres of uniformly rotating, neutrally buoyant fluid, we show that the partial differential equation governing inertial-modes can be separated into two ordinary differential equations when the density is constant, or when the density has a power-law dependence on radius. For more general density dependencies, we show that one can obtain an approximate solution to the inertial-modes that is accurate to the second order in wave-vector. Frequencies of inertial-modes are limited to $ω< 2 Ω$ ($Ω$ is the rotation rate), with modes propagating closer to the rotation axis having higher frequencies. An inertial-mode propagates throughout much of the sphere with a relatively constant wavelength, and a wave amplitude that scales with density as $1/\sqrtρ$. It is reflected near the surface at a depth that depends on latitude, with the depth being much shallower near the special latitudes $θ= \cos^{-1} \pm ω/2Ω$. Around this region, this mode has the highest wave amplitude as well as the sharpest spatial gradient (the ``singularity belt''), thereby incurring the strongest turbulent dissipation. Inertial-modes naturally cause small Eulerian density perturbations, so they are only weakly coupled to the tidal potential. In a companion paper, we attempt to apply these results to the problem of tidal dissipation in Jupiter.
description: 16 pages, incl. 7 figures, ApJ in print, added discussions on caveats
Supplement Number 1
Creators: name: Lian, Xiaojuan
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Li, Shiyu
name: Ding, Bingxin
name: Jiang, Jiyuan
name: Zhang, Yunbo
name: Guo, Yu-feng
name: Cai, Zhikuang
name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Longer and more detailed description of this file
title: Comparing mouse- and touch-based map interaction for target search tasks on large screens
Creators: name: Huang, Shuoyan
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kartographische Interaktion
subject: multi-touch
subject: großes Display
subject: Nutzerstudie
subject: Cartographic interaction
subject: multi-touch
subject: large display
subject: user study

description: Large multi-touch devices are gaining more attention in various elds of applications. The device through which the cartographic content is presented plays a role in cartographic interaction. This thesis presents a controlled user study comparing mouse- and touch-based map interaction on a large screen, in the context of target search tasks. Participants' mouse and touch input were logged in the browser. Several measurements were used to evaluate the difference between the mouse and touch interaction - drag length, drag direction, drag and zoom frequency, touch/mouse on-screen locations, and time spent on tasks. The results suggest that when using touch, users pan the map differently from when they are using mouse, with shorter panning distances and different main panning directions. The touch locations concentrate in the lower-middle part of the screen while mouse covers a larger screen area. Drag and zoom frequencies of the two input methods are quite similar, as well as the task completion times. In situ observation of user behavior identified several usage patterns and frequent problems when using touch. User feedback shows a clear preference of mouse input and gives reasons for participants' preference.
Women’s Access to Family Justice in Iran: Exploring the Main Barriers
Creators: name: Hamedanian, Fatemeh
name: Mehri Bahar
name: Farajiha, Mohammad
name: Tooba Shakeri Golpaygani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 169901 Gender Specific Studies
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This article emphasizes on women’s access to family justice in Iran. It explores the perspective of women who have experienced Iran’s judiciary system in terms of divorce, custody, dowry, and alimony in the family court. The data were collected through the women referring to the family courts, and data analysis was conducted based on thematic framework. The participants acknowledged low levels of legal awareness, feminisation of poverty, and low self esteem because of the masculine hegemonic structure as the major barriers in their access to family justice.
Parallelizing Machine Learning as a Service for the End-User
Creators: name: Loreti, Daniela
name: Lippi, Marco
name: Torroni, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As ML applications are becoming ever more pervasive, fully-trained systems are made increasingly available to a wide public, allowing end-users to submit queries with their own data, and to efficiently retrieve results. With increasingly sophisticated such services, a new challenge is how to scale up to evergrowing user bases. In this paper, we present a distributed architecture that could be exploited to parallelize a typical ML system pipeline. We propose a case study consisting of a text mining service and discuss how the method can be generalized to many similar applications. We demonstrate the significance of the computational gain boosted by the distributed architecture by way of an extensive experimental evaluation.
Assembling the puzzle of superconducting elements: A Review
Creators: name: Buzea, Cristina
name: Robbie, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in the simple elements is of both technological relevance and fundamental scientific interest in the investigation of superconductivity phenomena. Recent advances in the instrumentation of physics under pressure have enabled the observation of superconductivity in many elements not previously known to superconduct, and at steadily increasing temperatures. This article offers a review of the state of the art in the superconductivity of elements, highlighting underlying correlations and general trends.
description: Review, 10 pages, 11 figures, 97 references; to appear in Superc. Sci. Technol
Correspondence between conformal field theory and Calogero-Sutherland model
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Reiho
name: Shiraishi, Jun'ichi
name: Arnaudon, Daniel
name: Frappat, Luc
name: Ragoucy, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the Jack symmetric functions as a basis of the Fock space, and study the action of the Virasoro generators $L_n$. We calculate explicitly the matrix elements of $L_n$ with respect to the Jack-basis. A combinatorial procedure which produces these matrix elements is conjectured. As a limiting case of the formula, we obtain a Pieri-type formula which represents a product of a power sum and a Jack symmetric function as a sum of Jack symmetric functions. Also, a similar expansion was found for the case when we differentiate the Jack symmetric functions with respect to power sums. As an application of our Jack-basis representation, a new diagrammatic interpretation is presented, why the singular vectors of the Virasoro algebra are proportional to the Jack symmetric functions with rectangular diagrams. We also propose a natural normalization of the singular vectors in the Verma module, and determine the coefficients which appear after bosonization in front of the Jack symmetric functions.
description: 23 pages, references added
International Trade in Biofuels: Legal and Regulatory Issues
Creators: name: De Beer, Jeremy
name: Smyth, Stuart J.
name: De Beer, Jeremy
name: Smyth, Stuart J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
subject: multi-level governance
subject: subsidies
subject: tariffs
subject: World Trade Organization

description: Governments around the world are betting heavily on biofuels as one part of a solution to a wide range of public policy challenges, from environmental sustainability in the face of climate change, to energy security given rising geopolitical instability, to economic growth especially in rural regions and developing countries. Policy interventions typically take the form of legal and regulatory measures, for example, to drive demand for renewable fuels through mandates, or to subsidize costs through financial and other supports for production and processing of feedstock and output fuels. Such complex legal/regulatory mechanisms combine to create a multi-level or network system of governance. This article analyzes the implications of this complex framework for the production and international trading of biofuels.
Analyse und Abschätzung des Biomasse-Flächennutzungspotenzials
Creators: name: Kleinhanss, Werner
name: Junker, Franziska
name: Kleinhanss, Werner
name: Junker, Franziska
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Landnutzung
subject: Bioenergie
subject: Welternährung
subject: Global land use
subject: biofuels
subject: food security

description: Zusammenfassung : Vorliegender Bericht gibt einen Überblick über den Stand und die Projektionen der globalen Landnutzung sowie der Nahrungs- und Futtermittelversorgung bis 2050, wobei die Frage im Mittelpunkt steht, ob zum einen die wachsende Bevölkerung ernährt werden kann und zum anderen, welche Erzeugungspotenziale für Bioenergie, neben der Ernährungssicherung, mobilisiert werden könnten. Die Projektionen der FAO bis zum Jahre 2050 dienen als Basis zur Abschätzung der Erzeugung und zum Verbrauch von Agrarprodukten. Diese werden ergänzt um Abschätzungen zum Biotreibstoffeinsatz sowie den Folgen des Klimawandels. Bei den gegenwärtigen verfügbaren Abschätzungen handelt es sich überwiegend um „technische“ Potenziale für Bioenergie, die von Null bis zum 1,5-fachen des für 2050 prognostizierten Energiebedarfs reichen. Die große Bandbreite der verfügbaren Potenzialabschätzungen ist u. a. darauf zurückzuführen, dass sie sich auf zum Teil unzureichende und wenig belastbare Datenquellen stützen, unrealistische Annahmen getroffen werden bezüglich der Erträge von Energiepflanzen sowie der Entwicklung von Technologien, speziell bei der Herstellung von Kraftstoffen der zweiten Generation. Nach unseren Einschätzungen liegen einige dieser weit über den „wirtschaftlich“ realisierbaren Potenzialen. Ökonomisch basierte Modellanalysen wären notwendig, um wirtschaftlich realisierbare Potenziale einzugrenzen. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary :This study presents an overview of current and projected land use patterns as well as food and feed supply, with projections reaching up to 2050. The main question is whether there will be enough land resources to feed the growing world population, and, if that is the case, what potential there is for growing energy crops. Estimates for supply and demand of agricultural products in 2050 are based on projections provided by the FAO. Existing studies almost exclusively assess the “technical” potential for production of bio-energy, and the estimates vary between zero and 150 percent of total energy demand projected for 2050. The big range of the estimated land potentials for energy production is explained by differing data sources, varying assumptions on yield of energy crops and the development of new technologies, in particular related to the production of second generation biofuels. In our view, these technical potentials overestimate the potential that could be realized in an also economically viable way. Analysis based on economic models would be desirable in order to better narrow down the range of economically viable land potentials.
Aboriginal economic development by two Cariboo-Chilcotin forestry joint ventures
Creators: name: Boyd, Jeremiah Joe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis will examine Aboriginal Economic Development (AED) in two Cariboo-Chilcotin commnunities involved in forestry joint ventures. In particular, the thesis will reveal how each forestry joint venture (JV) keeps politics from over-running the business, and how each aboriginal community defines the success of their forestry JV. AED is different from mainstream economic development, in that it involves an aboriginal community/nation achieving self-reliance through business, while not compromising their traditional culture, values, or language. AED can be seen as a vehicle to lead aboriginal communities towards self-reliance. A JV is one of many options to move the AED vehicle. Both JV’s examined in this thesis contribute to AED in different ways. The Ecolink JV has not been very profitable but has 100% aboriginal employment even in management positions. In contrast, the West Chilcotin Forest Products JV is highly profitable but has 30-40% aboriginal employment and only one aboriginal employee in a management position. So which business is successful? Most interviewees chose profitability, employment, or both as indicators for success of their forestry JV. However, success is defined differently for each aboriginal commununity as a whole, so this research adapts the AED framework to each aboriginal community. Much of the literature states that in order for aboriginal businesses to succeed, politics should be minimized from the business, meaning the elected chief and councilors should not be directly involved with the business. Each JV had their own way but they did it with an elected chief and councilor sitting on the Board of Directors level since inception. Not all components of AED were completely fulfilled by the two forestry JV’s studied. Most notably, the preservation of traditional culture, values, and language was lacking and neither aboriginal community had gained additional control over forest management decisions on their asserted traditional territory. An aboriginal community nation needs some degree of control over their traditional territory in order to truly fulfill AED. This thesis concludes that forestry JV’s can contribute to AED by helping to build aboriginal capacity needed for self-reliance but JV’s should not be seen as a political opportunity to gain more control.
title: Neuron biochip surface modification by chemical and topographical means for high throughput production using Roll-2-Roll nanoimprint lithography
Creators: name: Čelikić, Minja
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Roll-to-roll biofluidics
subject: microfluidics
subject: neural

description: This thesis describes approaches utilized for manufacture and fictionalization of a neuron biochip that is part of the project Roll-2-Roll Biofluidics. It focuses on establishing techniques needed to obtain structured surface that should promote adhesion and growth of single neural cells as a monolayer. Aiming for low cost, high throughput imprinting that is provided by Roll-2-Roll nanoimprint lithography. Prior to it, fast prototyping is needed. To that respect, high resolution high aspect ratio patterns are obtained by means of UV photolithography. Here, most of attention was given to obtain the network-like pattern of rectangular channels which is denoted under generation 2. The lowest feature size of 5.85 µm and aspect ratio of 3.8 was obtained for single well master. High aspect ratio serves better sensing in future use, here, it was exploited for selective coating of channels by means of spontaneous capillary flow. Due to its simplicity generation 1 was used to compare the capillary flow within different materials. Additionally, this work comprises measurements such as resin's autofluorescence, contact angle and wettability. Most of considered resins did fulfil the requirements of low autofluorescence, however their surface energy varies.
Reducing GHG emissions by abandoning agricultural land use on organic soils - A cost assessment -
Creators: name: Roder, Norbert
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
name: Roder, Norbert
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: GHG-Mitigation
subject: Landuse
subject: peatland

description: Roughly 4.9% of the German utilized agricultural area is located on organic soils (fens and bogs). Nevertheless, the drainage of these areas in order to allow their agricultural utilization causes roughly a third of the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of the German agricultural sector, being equivalent to 2.3% of the total German GHG emissions. Obviously, German policies trying to reduce the GHG emissions successfully must tackle this issue. The abandonment of the cultivation of organic soils would be an effective policy to reduce the GHG emissions however the question remains whether it is an efficient measure compared with the other options? In the paper we assess the mitigation costs on the basis of the standard gross margin and tenure of the agriculturally used peatlands and with the sector model RAUMIS. Without engineering and transaction costs the mitigation costs are below 50 € per Mg CO2eq. This makes rewetting of peatlands at least in the medium and long run a fairly efficient options for reducing GHG emissions, especially as the implications on the sector due to reallocation affects are fairly small.
Evidence for magnetic clusters in BaCoO$_3$
Creators: name: Pardo, V.
name: Rivas, J.
name: Baldomir, D.
name: Iglesias, M.
name: Blaha, P.
name: Schwarz, K.
name: Arias, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic properties of the transition metal oxide BaCoO$_3$ are analyzed on the basis of the experimental and theoretical literature available via ab inito calculations. These can be explained by assuming the material to be formed by noninteracting ferromagnetic clusters of about 1.2 nm in diameter separated by about 3 diameters. Above about 50 K, the so-called blocking temperature, superparamagnetic behavior of the magnetic clusters occurs and, above 250 K, paramagnetism sets in.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Single-molecule stretching experiments of flexible (wormlike) chain molecules in different ensembles: Theory and a potential application of finite chain length effects to nick-counting in DNA
Creators: name: Everaers, Ralf
name: Becker, Nils B.
name: Rosa, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a formalism for deriving force-elongation and elongation-force relations for flexible chain molecules from analytical expressions for their radial distribution function, which provides insight into the factors controlling the asymptotic behavior and finite chain length corrections. In particular, we apply this formalism to our previously developed interpolation formula for the wormlike chain end-to-end distance distribution. The resulting expression for the asymptotic limit of infinite chain length is of similar quality as the numerical evaluation of Marko's and Siggia's variational theory and considerably more precise than their interpolation formula. A comparison to numerical data suggests, that our analytical expressions for the finite-chain length corrections are of similar quality. As an application of our results we discuss the possibility of inferring the changing number of nicks in a double-stranded DNA molecule in single-molecule stretching experiments from the accompanying changes in the effective chain length.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, submitted for publication
Origin of Tidal Dissipation in Jupiter: II. the Value of Q
Creators: name: Wu, Yanqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of tidal dissipation inside Jupiter is not yet understood. Its tidal quality factor ($Q$) is inferred to lie between $10^5$ and $10^6$. We examine effects of inertial-modes on tidal dissipation in a neutrally bouyant, core-less, uniformly rotating planet. The rate of dissipation caused by resonantly excited inertial-modes depends on the following three parameters: how well they are coupled to the tidal potential, how strongly they are dissipated (by the turbulent viscosity), and how densely distributed they are in frequency. We find that as a function of tidal frequency, the $Q$ value exhibits large fluctuations, with its maximum value set by the group of inertial-modes that have a typical offset from an exact resonance of order their turbulent damping rates. In our model, inertial-modes shed their tidally acquired energy very close to the surface within a narrow latitudinal zone (the 'singularity belt'), and the tidal luminosity escapes freely out of the planet. Strength of coupling between the tidal potential and inertial-modes is sensitive to the presence of density discontinuities inside Jupiter. In the case of a discreet density jump (as may be caused by the transition between metallic and molecular hydrogen), we find a time-averaged $Q \sim 10^7$. Even though it remains unclear whether tidal dissipation due to resonant inertial-modes is the correct answer to the problem, it is impressive that our simple treatment here already leads to three to five orders of magnitude stronger damping than that from the equilibrium tide. Moreover, our conclusions are not affected by the presence of a small solid core, a different prescription for the turbulent viscosity, or nonlinear mode coupling, but they depend critically on the static stability in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter.
description: 27 pages, incl. 11 figures, ApJ in print, expanded discussions (nonlinearity, radiative envelope)
Danaid
Creators: name: Eotvos, Melody
Publisher: name: The University of Melbourne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360302
subject: Music composition and improvisation

description: This work for solo piano was written in 2005, and transcribed and then published in 2023. Along with most of the music I wrote in my undergraduate years, this was a handwritten work that I lost track of and only had the recording as evidence of it existing at all. As such, this is a transcription of the original work and was inspired by the birth of my first niece, Dayna Corkery.
The title, Danaid, is in reference to the species of butterfly that have evolved a set of remarkable defenses that include their stunningly beautiful visual colorations (such as the Monarch).
دراسة تأثير إنضمام سوريا لمنظمة التجارة العالمية على القطاع الزراعي
Creators: name: Babili, Mahmoud
name: Sleman, Amer
name: Farfour, Somar
name: Babili, Mahmoud
name: Sleman, Amer
name: Farfour, Somar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: سوريا، التجارة الزراعية، منظمة التجارة العالمية

description: This study sets several possible scenarios for Syria's accession to the WTO, and evaluates the impacts of each of them on the farming sector in Syria, focusing on agricultural trade in particular.
اتفاقية وتشريعات المشتريات الحكومية ومدى ملاءمتها لسوريا
Creators: name: Babili, Mahmoud
name: Babili, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: سوريا، اتفاقية المشتريات الحكومية، منظمة التجارة العالمية

description: This brief examines the Government Procurement Agreement and its relevance for developing countries, providing Syrian negotiators in the context of negotiations for WTO accession with specific recommendations.
OEUFS DÉCOQUILLÉS AU CANADA Le prix de référence est‐il approprié?
Creators: name: Ibra Ngom, Mame Cheikh
name: Tamini, Lota Dabio
name: Doyon, Maurice
name: Ibra Ngom, Mame Cheikh
name: Tamini, Lota Dabio
name: Doyon, Maurice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: egg
subject: price
subject: supply management
subject: food processing
subject: Canada

description: The price discovery structure for eggs used for manufacturing purposes in Canada has been pretty much the same for the last 25 years, and is based on the Urner Barry (UB) index. However, eggs used for manufacturing has evolved during the same period, from a marginal 10% of total egg consumption to currently more than 30%. Thus, the representativeness of the UB index is an important issue for the Canadian industry. The representativeness has been questioned in the past in the US and Canada. This study focuses on the representativeness of the UB index by looking at causality links between the ECI spot market and the UB index. Our results indicate a good representativeness and seem to indicate a complementarity between the ECI and UB.
Derivations of group rings
Creators: name: Artemovych, Orest D.
name: Bovdi, Victor A.
name: Salim, Mohamed A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C05, 16S34, 20F45, 20F19, 16W25

description: Let R[G] be the group ring of a group G over an associative ring R with unity such that all prime divisors of orders of elements of G are invertible in R. If R is finite and G is a Chernikov (torsion FC-) group, then each R-derivation of R[G] is inner. Similar results also are obtained for other classes of groups G and rings R.
description: 17 pages
Slow Steady-Shear of Plastic Bead Rafts
Creators: name: Twardos, Michael
name: Dennin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental measurements of the response of a two dimensional system of plastic beads subjected to steady shear are reported. The beads float at the surface of a fluid substrate and are subjected to a slow, steady-shear in a Couette geometry. The flow consists of irregular intervals of solid-like, jammed behavior, followed by stress relaxations. We report on statistics that characterize the stress fluctuations as a function of several parameters including shear-rate and packing density. Over a range of densities between the onset of flow to the onset of buckling (overpacking) of the system, the probability distribution for stress fluctuations is essentially independent of the packing density, particle dispersity, and interaction potential (varied by changing the substrate). Finally, we compare the observed stress fluctuations with those observed in other complex fluids.
Machine Learning for Observables: Reactant to Product State Distributions for Atom-Diatom Collisions
Creators: name: Arnold, Julian
name: Koner, Debasish
name: Käser, Silvan
name: Singh, Narendra
name: Bemish, Raymond J.
name: Meuwly, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning-based models to predict product state distributions from a distribution of reactant conditions for atom-diatom collisions are presented and quantitatively tested. The models are based on function-, kernel- and grid-based representations of the reactant and product state distributions. While all three methods predict final state distributions from explicit quasi-classical trajectory simulations with R$^2$ > 0.998, the grid-based approach performs best. Although a function-based approach is found to be more than two times better in computational performance, the kernel- and grid-based approaches are preferred in terms of prediction accuracy, practicability and generality. The function-based approach also suffers from lacking a general set of model functions. Applications of the grid-based approach to nonequilibrium, multi-temperature initial state distributions are presented, a situation common to energy distributions in hypersonic flows. The role of such models in Direct Simulation Monte Carlo and computational fluid dynamics simulations is also discussed.
On the quantum, classical and total amount of correlations in a quantum state
Creators: name: Groisman, Berry
name: Popescu, Sandu
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an operational definition of the quantum, classical and total amount of correlations in a bipartite quantum state. We argue that these quantities can be defined via the amount of work (noise) that is required to erase (destroy) the correlations: for the total correlation, we have to erase completely, for the quantum correlation one has to erase until a separable state is obtained, and the classical correlation is the maximal correlation left after erasing the quantum correlations. In particular, we show that the total amount of correlations is equal to the quantum mutual information, thus providing it with a direct operational interpretation for the first time. As a byproduct, we obtain a direct, operational and elementary proof of strong subadditivity of quantum entropy.
description: 12 pages ReVTeX4, 2 eps figures. v2 has some arguments clarified and references updated
From Agricultural to Bio-based Economics? Context, State of the Art and Challenges
Creators: name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Mantino, Francesco
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Moro, Daniele
name: Stefani, Gianluca
name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Mantino, Francesco
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Moro, Daniele
name: Stefani, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Bioeconomy
subject: bio-based economy
subject: agricultural economics
subject: economics

description: The world economy is experiencing dramatic changes.In this context, the concept of bioeconomy (or bio-economy, or bio-based economy) has emerged as a key strategy to match human needs while facing resource efficiency requirements, based on the sustainable exploitation of biological resources. The Italian Association of Agriculture and Applied Economics (AIEAA) is launching a new journal, “Bio-based and applied economics” (BAE). The main questions behind this initiative are: why a Journal on bio-based economics? And, why is it launched by a scientific society of agricultural economists? We will try to answer these questions by briefly reviewing current trends in the evolution of academic responses to past, recent and emerging research needs in the field of agriculture economics and its interaction with the closest fields of economics, building on this examination to single out relevant challenges for future research.
title: 01_0751
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Chiral Phase Transition in an Expanding Quark System
Creators: name: Wang, Ziyue
name: Shi, Shuzhe
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of chiral symmetry which varies along the space-time evolution of the system by considering the chiral phase transition in an non-equilibrium expanding quark-antiquark system. The chiral symmetry is described by the mean field order parameter, whose values is the solution of a self-consistent equation, and affects the space-time evolution of the system through the force term in the Vlasov equation. The Vlasov equation and the gap equation are solved concurrently and continuously for a longitudinal boost-invariant and transversely rotation-invariant system. This numerical framework enables us to carefully investigate how the phase transition and collision affect the evolution of the system. It is observed that the chiral phase transition gives rise to a kink in the flow velocity, which is caused by the force term in the Vlasov equation. The kink is enhanced by larger susceptibility and tends to be smoothed out by non-equilibrium effect. The spatial phase boundary appears as a "wall" for the quarks, as the quarks with low momentum are bounced back, while those with high momentum go through the wall but are slowed down.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Agricultural and Applied Economics: What is This?
Creators: name: Sckokai, Paolo
name: Sckokai, Paolo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Agricultural economics
subject: applied economics

description: The scientific domain of «agricultural and applied economics» is an open issue. In this paper, we analyse the JEL codes of the articles published in seven major agricultural economics journals in the period 2000-11, in order to define which disciplines and which research areas are the «core business» of today’s agricultural and applied economists. A special attention has been given to the sub-sample of the Italian studies, since a new scientific society in this area (AIEAA) has been recently founded by a group of Italian economists.
Produção de açúcar mascavo em micro agroindústria: uma alternativa viável para os pequenos produtores de cana da região Norte Fluminense
Creators: name: Costa, Jose Augusto Brunoro
name: Crespo, Helio Junior De Souza
name: Ponciano, Niraldo Jose
name: Souza, Paulo Marcelo De
name: Costa, Jose Augusto Brunoro
name: Crespo, Helio Junior De Souza
name: Ponciano, Niraldo Jose
name: Souza, Paulo Marcelo De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade econômica da produção de açúcar mascavo em micro-agroindústrias, para pequenos produtores de cana-de-açúcar da região Norte Fluminense. Para avaliar a viabilidade dessa atividade, foram estimados o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) e a Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e, para avaliar seu grau de risco, foi realizada uma simulação de Monte Carlo. Os resultados mostraram que a produção de açúcar mascavo em pequenas agroindústrias é uma alternativa econômica viável para a região. O preço de venda do açúcar mascavo foi a variável com maior efeito sobre os resultados econômicos da atividade, seguido pelo custo da mão-de-obra. O preço de venda do açúcar mascavo foi a variável de maior sensibilidade sobre a rentabilidade, seguido pelo custo da mão-de-obra. Foi relativamente baixo o risco econômico dessa atividade. A partir destes resultados, pode-se concluir que a produção de açúcar mascavo apresenta-se como alternativa viável para os pequenos produtores de cana da região.