cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exact numerical methods for a many-body Wannier Stark system
Creators: name: Parra-Murillo, Carlos A.
name: Madroñero, Javier
name: Wimberger, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact methods for the numerical integration of the Wannier-Stark system in a many-body scenario including two Bloch bands. Our ab initio approaches allow for the treatment of a few-body problem with bosonic statistics and strong interparticle interaction. The numerical implementation is based on the Lanczos algorithm for the diagonalization of large, but sparse symmetric Floquet matrices. We analyze the scheme efficiency in terms of the computational time, which is shown to scale polynomially with the size of the system. The numerically computed eigensystem is applied to the analysis of the Floquet Hamiltonian describing our problem. We show that this allows, for instance, for the efficient detection and characterization of avoided crossings and their statistical analysis. We finally compare the efficiency of our Lanczos diagonalization for computing the temporal evolution of our many-body system with an explicit fourth order Runge-Kutta integration. Both implementations heavily exploit efficient matrix-vector multiplication schemes. Our results should permit an extrapolation of the applicability of exact methods to increasing sizes of generic many-body quantum problems with bosonic statistics.
การนำผลงานวิจัยกรมควบคุมโรคปี 2557-2559 ไปใช้ประโยชน์
Creators: name: ปวิตร คตโคตร
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2563
Subjects: ประเมินผล
การนำผลงานวิจัยไปใช้ประโยชน์
กรมควบคุมโรค
วิจัยประเมินผล

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 46, 3, 323-335
Seeing Is Believing: The Stalk Intermediate
Creators: name: Lentz, Barry R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Membrane biophysicists have sought the molecular nature of biomembrane fusion for more than 30 years. In this time, two conflicting hypotheses have evolved to explain very different observations. One, based on electrophysiological measurements on patch-clamped cells (1), is the proteinacious pore hypothesis. This model, popular among neurobiologists, contends that the initial fusion pore consists of a single proteinacious channel that later opens into a full fusion pore due to dissipation of the initial protein pore components into lipid bilayer. Recent mutational studies of the trans-membrane domain of the synaptic fusion protein syntaxin claim to support this hypothesis and propose that several syntaxin trans-membrane domain's may form the initial pore (2). The alternative hypothesis is the lipidic pore hypothesis. It contends that the fusion pore derives from nonlamellar lipid structures and proceeds through an initial partially fused structure in which lipids mix although aqueous compartments do not. The partially fused state is termed hemifusion. A large number of observations offer support for this view for viral, exocytotic, and model systems (3–8). Despite the preponderance of evidence for the lipidic pore hypothesis, no one has until now actually observed in a biological system a lipidic pore or one of the presumed lipidic intermediates thought to precede the lipidic pore. An article in this issue of the Biophysical Journal (9) dramatically alters this situation.
Abram de Swaan, Reparto assassini. La mentalità dell’omicidio di massa, Einaudi
Creators: name: Galimi, Valeria
name: D’Andrea, Dimitri
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
(101351) Henry Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Ausgrabung des frühbronzezeitlichen Gräberfelds der Aunjetitzer Kultur von Prag-Miškovice
Creators: name: Ernée, Michal
name: Müller, Johannes
name: Rassmann, Knut
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 87 Nr. 2 2009(2012)
Interplay between edge states and charge density wave order in the Falicov-Kimball model on a Haldane ribbon
Creators: name: Skolimowski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To determine the impact of including edge states on the phase diagram of a spinless Falicov-Kimball model (FKM) on the Haldane lattice, a study of a corresponding ribbon geometry with zigzag edges is conducted. By varying the ribbon widths, the distinction between the effects connected to the mere presence of the edges and those originating from interference between the edge states is established. The local doping caused by the former is shown to give rise to a topologically trivial bulk insulator with metallic edge states. Additionally, it gives rise to a charge density wave (CDW) phase with mixed character of the subbands in various parts of the phase diagram. The local doping on the CDW instability is also addressed. Two additional gapless phases are found, caused by the edges but with stability regions depending on the width of the ribbon.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
s-wave scattering lengths of the strongly dipolar bosons $^{162}$Dy and $^{164}$Dy
Creators: name: Tang, Yijun
name: Sykes, Andrew
name: Burdick, Nathaniel Q.
name: Bohn, John L.
name: Lev, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of the triplet s-partial-wave scattering length $a$ of two bosonic isotopes of the highly magnetic element, dysprosium: $a=122(10)a_0$ for $^{162}$Dy and $a=92(8)a_0$ for $^{164}$Dy, where $a_0$ is the Bohr radius. The scattering lengths are determined by the cross-dimensional relaxation of ultracold gases of these Dy isotopes at temperatures above quantum degeneracy. In this temperature regime, the measured rethermalization dynamics can be compared to simulations of the Boltzmann equation using a direct-simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method employing the anisotropic differential scattering cross section of dipolar particles.
description: corrected a typo in the value of the 162Dy scattering length
Measurement of the W+ W- cross section in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV and limits on anomalous gauge couplings
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the W boson pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV is presented. The data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.4 inverse femtobarns. The W+W- candidates are selected from events with two charged leptons, electrons or muons, and large missing transverse energy. The measured W+W- cross section is 60.1 +/- 0.9 (stat) +/- 3.2 (exp) +/- 3.1 (theo) +/- 1.6 (lum) pb = 60.1 +/- 4.8 pb, consistent with the standard model prediction. The W+W- cross sections are also measured in two different fiducial phase space regions. The normalized differential cross section is measured as a function of kinematic variables of the final-state charged leptons and compared with several perturbative QCD predictions. Limits on anomalous gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are also given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are -5.7 < c[WWW]/Lambda^2 < 5.9 TeV^{-2}, -11.4 < c[W]/Lambda^2 < 5.4 TeV^{-2}, -29.2 < c[B]/Lambda^2 < 23.9 TeV^{-2}, in the HISZ basis.
description: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-14-016/index.html
Two Rings of Negative Charges in the Cytosolic Vestibule of Type-1 Ryanodine Receptor Modulate Ion Fluxes
Creators: name: Xu, Le
name: Wang, Ying
name: Gillespie, Dirk
name: Meissner, Gerhard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The tetrameric ryanodine receptor calcium release channels (RyRs) are cation-selective channels that have pore architecture similar to that of K+ channels. We recently identified, in close proximity to the selectivity filter motif GGGIG, a conserved lumenal DE motif that has a critical role in RyR ion permeation and selectivity. Here, we substituted three aspartate residues (D4938, D4945, D4953) with asparagine and four glutamate residues (E4942, E4948, E4952, E4955) with glutamine hypothesized to line the cytosolic vestibule of the skeletal muscle RyR (RyR1). Mutant single channel properties were determined using the planar lipid bilayer method. Two mutants (D4938N, D4945N) showed a reduced K+ ion conductance, with D4938N also exhibiting a reduced selectivity for Ca2+ compared to K+. The cytosolic location of D4938 and D4945 was confirmed using the polycation neomycin. Both D4938N and D4945N exhibited an attenuated block by neomycin to a greater extent from the cytosolic than lumenal side. By comparison, charge neutralization of lumenal loop residues (D4899Q, E4900N) eliminated the block from the lumenal but not the cytosolic side. The results suggest that, in addition to negatively charged residues on the lumenal side, rings of four negative charges formed by D4938 and D4945 in the cytosolic vestibule determine RyR ion fluxes.
Likelihood-free Inference with Mixture Density Network
Creators: name: Wang, Guo-Jian
name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
name: Xia, Jun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose using the mixture density network (MDN) to estimate cosmological parameters. We test the MDN method by constraining parameters of the $Λ$CDM and $w$CDM models using Type Ia supernovae and the power spectra of the cosmic microwave background. We find that the MDN method can achieve the same level of accuracy as the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, with a slight difference of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2}σ)$. Furthermore, the MDN method can provide accurate parameter estimates with $\mathcal{O}(10^3)$ forward simulation samples, which are useful for complex and resource-consuming cosmological models. This method can process either one data set or multiple data sets to achieve joint constraints on parameters, extendable for any parameter estimation of complicated models in a wider scientific field. Thus, the MDN provides an alternative way for likelihood-free inference of parameters.
description: 17 pages, 4 tables, 15 figures, match the published version. The code repository is available at https://github.com/Guo-Jian-Wang/mdncoper
(101350) Emilian Liskard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
SETI via Leakage from Light Sails in Exoplanetary Systems
Creators: name: Guillochon, James
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary challenge of rocket propulsion is the burden of needing to accelerate the spacecraft's own fuel, resulting in only a logarithmic gain in maximum speed as propellant is added to the spacecraft. Light sails offer an attractive alternative in which fuel is not carried by the spacecraft, with acceleration being provided by an external source of light. By artificially illuminating the spacecraft with beamed radiation, speeds are only limited by the area of the sail, heat resistance of its material, and power use of the accelerating apparatus. In this paper, we show that leakage from a light sail propulsion apparatus in operation around a solar system analogue would be detectable. To demonstrate this, we model the launch and arrival of a microwave beam-driven light sail constructed for transit between planets in orbit around a single star, and find an optimal beam frequency on the order of tens of GHz. Leakage from these beams yields transients with flux densities of Jy and durations of tens of seconds at 100 pc. Because most travel within a planetary system would be conducted between the habitable worlds within that system, multiply-transiting exoplanetary systems offer the greatest chance of detection, especially when the planets are in projected conjunction as viewed from Earth. If interplanetary travel via beam-driven light sails is commonly employed in our galaxy, this activity could be revealed by radio follow-up of nearby transiting exoplanetary systems. The expected signal properties define a new strategy in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI).
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJL. Revisions correct minor algebra errors and make bandwidth assumptions explicit
Issues and Aspects of Comparative Long-term Studies in Youth Unemployment in Europe: Biographical Constructions of “Generation Y”
Creators: name: Ernst, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2017

description: Youth unemployment is still a persistent conflict. Youth unemployment rates in European countries always used to be higher than average unemployment rates. This has not only to be defined as an individual but also as a structural phenomenon. Since socialization via work is still highly relevant and an aspect of the future European integration, youth unemployment occurs to be a very crucial issue for sociological research. This means a research that reflects the mutual constitution or interplay of individual and collective processes as well as the drag effects of institutional and individual behavior. The paper investigates this debate and asks whether one could one speak of a “forgotten generation” or even of a “generation without future” in Europe. It exemplifies several empirical studies and develops a framework for future research.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 6 No. 12 (2016)
A Pathway and Genetic Factors Contributing to Elevated Gene Expression Noise in Stationary Phase
Creators: name: Guido, Nicholas J.
name: Lee, Philina
name: Collins, J. J.
name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Wang, Xiao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Previous studies have identified factors associated with transcription and translation efficiency, such as promoter strength and mRNA sequences, that can affect stochasticity in gene expression. Here we present evidence for a pathway and associated genetic factors (namely, the ribosome modulation factor RMF and ppGpp) in Escherichia coli that contribute to heightened levels of gene expression noise during stationary phase. Endogenous cellular mechanisms that globally affect gene expression noise, such as those identified in this study, could provide phenotypic diversity under adverse conditions such as stationary phase.
(101349) Harriet Liskard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Analysis of Membrane Fusion as a Two-State Sequential Process: Evaluation of the Stalk Model
Creators: name: Lentz, Barry R.
name: Weinreb, Gabriel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: We propose a model that accounts for the time courses of PEG-induced fusion of membrane vesicles of varying lipid compositions and sizes. The model assumes that fusion proceeds from an initial, aggregated vesicle state ((A) membrane contact) through two sequential intermediate states (I1 and I2) and then on to a fusion pore state (FP). Using this model, we interpreted data on the fusion of seven different vesicle systems. We found that the initial aggregated state involved no lipid or content mixing but did produce leakage. The final state (FP) was not leaky. Lipid mixing normally dominated the first intermediate state (I1), but content mixing signal was also observed in this state for most systems. The second intermediate state (I2) exhibited both lipid and content mixing signals and leakage, and was sometimes the only leaky state. In some systems, the first and second intermediates were indistinguishable and converted directly to the FP state. Having also tested a parallel, two-intermediate model subject to different assumptions about the nature of the intermediates, we conclude that a sequential, two-intermediate model is the simplest model sufficient to describe PEG-mediated fusion in all vesicle systems studied. We conclude as well that a fusion intermediate “state” should not be thought of as a fixed structure (e.g., “stalk” or “transmembrane contact”) of uniform properties. Rather, a fusion “state” describes an ensemble of similar structures that can have different mechanical properties. Thus, a “state” can have varying probabilities of having a given functional property such as content mixing, lipid mixing, or leakage. Our data show that the content mixing signal may occur through two processes, one correlated and one not correlated with leakage. Finally, we consider the implications of our results in terms of the “modified stalk” hypothesis for the mechanism of lipid pore formation. We conclude that our results not only support this hypothesis but also provide a means of analyzing fusion time courses so as to test it and gauge the mechanism of action of fusion proteins in the context of the lipidic hypothesis of fusion.
Deciphering Protein Dynamics from NMR Data Using Explicit Structure Sampling and Selection
Creators: name: Chen, Yiwen
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Campbell, Sharon L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Perhaps one of the most prominent realizations of recent years is the critical role that protein dynamics plays in many facets of cellular function. While characterization of protein dynamics is fundamental to our understanding of protein function, the ability to explicitly detect an ensemble of protein conformations from dynamics data is a paramount challenge in structural biology. Here, we report a new computational method, Sample and Select, for determining the ensemble of protein conformations consistent with NMR dynamics data. This method can be generalized and extended to different sources of dynamics data, enabling broad applicability in deciphering protein dynamics at different timescales. The structural ensemble derived from Sample and Select will provide structural and dynamic information that should aid us in understanding and manipulating protein function.
(Meta) Competences for Digital Practice: Educational Scenarios for the Workplace of the Future Exemplified by Building Information Modeling Work Processes
Creators: name: Damek, Sebastian
name: Söbke, Heinrich
name: Weise, Franziska
name: Reichelt, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.1
subject: 97B40

description: Workplaces of the future require advanced competence profiles from employees, not least due to new options for teleworking and new complex digital tools. The acquisition of advanced competence profiles is to be addressed by formal education. For example, the method of Building Information Modeling (BIM) aims at digitizing the design, construction, and operation of structures and as such requires advanced competence profiles. In this study, two educational scenarios based on teleworking and complex digital tools are compared, each with one cohort and consisting of two learning activities. The first cohort initially completes as first learning activity a semester-long course that aims at BIM domain competences. The semester-long course of the second cohort fosters meta competences, such as communication, collaboration, and digital literacy. At the end of the semester, both cohorts solve in a second learning activity a BIM practice task. Research questions are: (1) Do the two educational scenarios promote the competences to be addressed? And related: (2) What is the impact of the initial course that fosters domain competences or meta competences? Methodologically, the learning outcomes are assessed by measuring the domain competences three times during the educational scenario using online tests in the two cohorts (N=11). Further, students' perceptions are surveyed in parallel using online questionnaires. In addition, semi-structured interviews are conducted at the end of the educational scenarios. The quantitative and qualitative results of the study designating the training of meta competencies partly as a substitute for imparting domain competences are presented. Further, the influence of both educational scenarios on competence development for the workplace of the future characterized by telework and digital tools is discussed.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Gas density drops inside dust cavities of transitional disks around young stars observed with ALMA
Creators: name: van der Marel, Nienke
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine
name: Bruderer, Simon
name: Perez, Laura M.
name: Isella, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitional disks with large dust cavities are important laboratories to study planet formation and disk evolution. Cold gas may still be present inside these cavities, but the quantification of this gas is challenging. The gas content is important to constrain the origin of the dust cavity. We use Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of 12CO 6--5 and 690 GHz (Band 9) continuum of five well-studied transitional disks. In addition, we analyze previously published Band 7 observations of a disk in 12CO 3--2 line and 345 GHz continuum. The observations are used to set constraints on the gas and dust surface density profiles, in particular the drop delta-gas of the gas density inside the dust cavity. The physical-chemical modeling code DALI is used to analyze the gas and dust images simultaneously. We model SR21, HD135344B, LkCa15, SR24S and RXJ1615-3255 (Band 9) and J1604-2130 (Band 7). The SED and continuum visibility curve constrain the dust surface density. Subsequently, the same model is used to calculate the 12CO emission, which is compared with the observations through spectra and intensity cuts. The amount of gas inside the cavity is quantified by varying the delta-gas parameter. Model fits to the dust and gas indicate that gas is still present inside the dust cavity for all disks but at a reduced level. The gas surface density drops inside the cavity by at least a factor 10, whereas the dust density drops by at least a factor 1000. Disk masses are comparable with previous estimates from the literature, cavity radii are found to be smaller than in the 345 GHz SubMillimeter Array (SMA) data. The derived gas surface density profiles suggest clearing of the cavity by one or more companions in all cases, trapping the millimeter-sized dust at the edge of the cavity.
description: Accepted by A&A
Walter Melzer, Torsten Capelle (Hrsg.), Bleibergbau und Bleiverarbeitung während der römischen Kaiserzeit im rechtsrheinischen Barbaricum
Creators: name: Erdrich, Michael
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Rezension zu: Walter Melzer, Torsten Capelle (Hrsg.), Bleibergbau und Bleiverarbeitung während der römischen Kaiserzeit im rechtsrheinischen Barbaricum. Soester Beiträge zur Archäologie, Band 8. Westfälische Verlagsbuchhandlung Mocker und Jahn, Soest 2007. Preis: € 20,-. ISBN 978-3-87902-307-3. 191 Seiten, zahlreiche Abbildungen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 87 Nr. 2 2009(2012)
Power flow tracing in a simplified highly renewable European electricity network
Creators: name: Tranberg, Bo
name: Thomsen, Anders B
name: Rodriguez, Rolando A
name: Andresen, Gorm B
name: Schäfer, Mirko
name: Greiner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing transmission capacity needs in a future energy system raise the question how associated costs should be allocated to the users of a strengthened power grid. In contrast to straightforward oversimplified methods, a flow tracing based approach provides a fair and consistent nodal usage and thus cost assignment of transmission investments. This technique follows the power flow through the network and assigns the link capacity usage to the respective sources or sinks using a diffusion-like process, thus taking into account the underlying network structure and injection pattern. As a showcase, we apply power flow tracing to a simplified model of the European electricity grid with a high share of renewable wind and solar power generation, based on long-term weather and load data with an hourly temporal resolution.
description: submitted to New Journal of Physics
THE PROTECTIVE MECHANISM OF ORGANIC INHIBITORS AND THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS FACTORS ON THEIR PROTECTIVE EFFECT
Creators: name: Kiryigitova Sevara Batirovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The most commonly used inhibitors and modern methods of studying their mechanism of action, as well as approaches to the development of new inhibitors, have been studied by several researchers. In this article, research on modern methods of studying the effect of inhibitors on the corrosion process, including the most common inhibitors of aqueous media, atmospheric corrosion, film inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors involving aggressive mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and concentrated acids, is presented. The results of the study of the protective effect of inhibitors of structural materials are presented according to the sources of recent years.
LaTeRF: Label and Text Driven Object Radiance Fields
Creators: name: Mirzaei, Ashkan
name: Kant, Yash
name: Kelly, Jonathan
name: Gilitschenski, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Obtaining 3D object representations is important for creating photo-realistic simulations and for collecting AR and VR assets. Neural fields have shown their effectiveness in learning a continuous volumetric representation of a scene from 2D images, but acquiring object representations from these models with weak supervision remains an open challenge. In this paper we introduce LaTeRF, a method for extracting an object of interest from a scene given 2D images of the entire scene, known camera poses, a natural language description of the object, and a set of point-labels of object and non-object points in the input images. To faithfully extract the object from the scene, LaTeRF extends the NeRF formulation with an additional `objectness' probability at each 3D point. Additionally, we leverage the rich latent space of a pre-trained CLIP model combined with our differentiable object renderer, to inpaint the occluded parts of the object. We demonstrate high-fidelity object extraction on both synthetic and real-world datasets and justify our design choices through an extensive ablation study.
title: Deformation control of sinusoidal lattice metamaterial for application in robotics
Creators: name: Mora Gutiérrez, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Tecnológico de Monterrey
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03ayjn504
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 2
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology

description: This study presents a methodology for controlling deformation in a sinusoidal metamaterial using parametric design, FEM simulation, and 3D printing. The focus is on generating a design where the deformation of the metamaterial can be controlled and thus be able to apply it in a flexible gripper using a sinusoidal metamaterial as base material. The parametric design approach is employed to create a structure of the sinusoidal unit cell, and FEM simulation is used to evaluate its mechanical behavior and compare it with the Experimental testing. The sinusoidal metamaterial is then 3D printed using a flexible TPU filament. Experimental testing also demonstrates the gripper's adaptability and deformation control. The results validate the effectiveness of the design, showing the deformation control of the sinusoidal structure, also improved grip capacity and manipulation capabilities. This study has significant potential for applications in robotics. The combination of generative design, FEM simulation, and 3D printing enables the creation of customized and functional grippers that can adapt to various object shapes and sizes.
Algorithms for optimized maximum entropy and diagnostic tools for analytic continuation
Creators: name: Bergeron, Dominic
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic continuation of numerical data obtained in imaginary time or frequency has become an essential part of many branches of quantum computational physics. It is, however, an ill-conditioned procedure and thus a hard numerical problem. The maximum-entropy approach, based on bayesian inference, is the most widely used method to tackle that problem. Although the approach is well established and among the most reliable and efficient ones, useful developments of the method and of its implementation are still possible. In addition, while a few free software implementations are available, a well-documented, optimized, general purpose and user-friendly software dedicated to that specific task is still lacking. Here we analyze all aspects of the implementation that are critical for accuracy and speed, and present a highly optimized approach to maximum-entropy. Original algorithmic and conceptual contributions include (1) numerical approximations that yield a computational complexity that is almost independent of temperature and spectrum shape (including sharp Drude peaks in broad background for example) while ensuring quantitative accuracy of the result whenever precision of the data is sufficient, (2) a robust method of choosing the entropy weight $α$ that follows from a simple consistency condition of the approach and the observation that information- and noise-fitting regimes can be identified clearly from the behavior of $χ^2$ with respect to $α$, and (3) several diagnostics to assess the reliability of the result. Benchmarks with test spectral functions of different complexity and an example with an actual physical simulation are presented. Our implementation, which covers most typical cases for fermions, bosons and response functions, is available as an open source, user friendly software.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Quiet Sun Center to Limb Variation of the Linear Polarization Observed by CLASP2 Across the Mg II h & k Lines
Creators: name: Rachmeler, L. A.
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
name: McKenzie, D. E.
name: Ishikawa, R.
name: Auchere, F.
name: Kobayashi, K.
name: Kano, R.
name: Okamoto, T. J.
name: Bethge, C. W.
name: Song, D.
name: Ballester, E. Alsina
name: Belluzzi, L.
name: Aleman, T. del Pino
name: Yoshida, M.
name: Shimizu, T.
name: Winebarger, A.
name: Kobelski, A. R.
name: Vigil, G. D.
name: De Pontieu, B.
name: Suematsu, Y.
name: Narukage, N.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Sakao, T.
name: Hara, H.
name: Stepan, J.
name: Carlsson, M.
name: Leenaarts, J.
name: Ramos, A. Asensio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CLASP2 (Chromospheric LAyer SpectroPolarimeter 2) sounding rocket mission was launched on 2019 April 11. CLASP2 measured the four Stokes parameters of the Mg II h & k spectral region around 2800 Angstroms along a 200 arcsecond slit at three locations on the solar disk, achieving the first spatially and spectrally resolved observations of the solar polarization in this near ultraviolet region. The focus of the work presented here is the center-to-limb variation of the linear polarization across these resonance lines, which is produced by the scattering of anisotropic radiation in the solar atmosphere. The linear polarization signals of the Mg II h & k lines are sensitive to the magnetic field from the low to the upper chromosphere through the Hanle and magneto-optical effects. We compare the observations to theoretical predictions from radiative transfer calculations in unmagnetized semi-empirical models, arguing that magnetic fields and horizontal inhomogeneities are needed to explain the observed polarization signals and spatial variations. This comparison is an important step in both validating and refining our understanding of the physical origin of these polarization signatures, and also in paving the way toward future space telescopes for probing the magnetic fields of the solar upper atmosphere via ultraviolet spectropolarimetry.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, to be published in the Astrophysical Journal (ApJ), initially submitted May 2022, revised submission July 2022
(101348) Florence Liskard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Electronic and magnetic influences of a stacking fault in cobalt nanoscale islands on the Ag(111) surface
Creators: name: Doi, Keiji
name: Minamitani, Emi
name: Yamamoto, Shunji
name: Arafune, Ryuichi
name: Yoshida, Yasuo
name: Watanabe, Satoshi
name: Hasegawa, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we found coexistence of perpendicularly and in-plane magnetized cobalt nanoscale islands on the Ag(111) surface, and the relationship between the moire corrugation amplitude and the magnetization direction of the islands; the islands with the stronger moire corrugation show the perpendicular magnetization, and the ones with the weaker moire corrugation do the in-plane. Density functional theory calculations reproduce the relationship and explain the differences between the two types of the islands with an fcc stacking fault in the intrinsic hcp stacking of cobalt.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
(101347) Isabella T Liskard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hybrid electric car comparison to increase the reliability for fuel efficiency
Creators: name: T, Jarin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Light electric vehicles, such as electric bicycles and electric scooters, have recently demonstrated remarkable promise over short distances. Light electric vehicles, such as peddles, electric bicycles, and electric scooters, have recently demonstrated remarkable promise for short-distance travel. Despite rising crude oil costs, the use of vehicles is increasing at an alarming rate. There is a pressing need to improve fuel economy while enhancing vehicle emission control to protect future generations from the consequences of pollution. HEV and EV have demonstrated the ability to improve the fuel efficiency. This research focuses on the parallel configurations of HEVs and their optimisation-based power management techniques as well as the possible benefits of various power management tactics in various vehicular applications. Research gaps are also highlighted as part of this enquiry. In this study, we examined three distinct methods. A thorough comparative study demonstrated how the controller affects the NEDC driving cycle, performance, losses, efficiency, and starting power of the HEV motor. As a result, the skilful integration of hybrid electric drive with lightweight, cost-effective optimization of efficiency, emissions, performance, and safety for production-worthy and marketable vehicles.
Schrodinger Equation for Non-Pure Dipole Potential in 2D Systems
Creators: name: Moumni, Mustafa
name: Falek, Mokhtar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q80

description: In this work, we analytically study the Schrödinger equation for the (non-pure) dipolar ion potential V (r) = q/r + Dcosθ/r 2 , in the case of 2D systems using the separation of variables and the Mathieu equations for the angular part. We give the expressions of eigenenergies and eigenfunctions and study their dependence on the dipole moment D. Imposing the condition of reality on the energies E n,m implies that the dipole moment must not exceed a maximum value otherwise the corresponding bound state disappears. We also find that the s states (m = 0) can no longer exist in the system as soon as the dipole term is present.
description: 13 pages, 1 table, 5 figures
Screening indicators for the Sustainable Child Development Index (SCDI)
Creators: name: Chang, Ya-Ju
name: Lehmann, Annekatrin
name: Finkbeiner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: sustainable development
subject: sustainability assessment
subject: Sustainable Child Development Index (SCDI)
subject: child development
subject: indicator set
subject: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

description: Since children are the key stakeholders supporting and being affected by sustainable development, the framework for the Sustainable Child Development Index (SCDI) was proposed. It addresses social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development by considering seven relevant themes of child development, i.e., health, education, safety, economic status, relationship, environmental aspects and participation. However, an indicator set for initiating the SCDI is still missing. In this study, indicators for the themes, subthemes and criteria of SCDI are identified from literature and then analyzed regarding data availability. Sixty-six indicators with statistical data covering at least 100 countries are selected as the indicator set for the SCDI. The results indicate that data availability is best for indicators describing the themes of health and education, and worst for indicators addressing the themes of relationship and participation. Furthermore, 21 subthemes and 50 criteria described by indicators with limited data availability are identified for future indicator and data development. By providing an initial indicator set and screening the indicators with regard to data availability, the practicality of the SCDI framework is expected. Furthermore, the indicator set can serve as a potential indicator pool for other child and sustainable development related studies.
Twists and turns of superconductivity from a repulsive dynamical interaction
Creators: name: Pimenov, Dimitri
name: Chubukov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent theoretical progress in understanding spatially uniform $s$-wave superconductivity which arises from a fermion-fermion interaction, which is repulsive on the Matsubara axis, where it is real, but does depend on the transferred frequency. Such a situation holds, e.g., for systems with a screened Coulomb and retarded electron-phonon interaction. We show that despite repulsion, superconductivity is possible in a certain range of system parameters. However, at $T=0$ the gap function on the Matsubara axis, $Δ(ω_m)$, must pass through zero and change sign at least once. These zeros of $Δ(ω_m)$ have a topological interpretation in terms of dynamical vortices, and their presence imposes a constraint on the variation of the phase of the gap function along the real frequency axis, which can potentially be extracted from ARPES and other measurements. We discuss how superconductivity vanishes when the repulsion becomes too strong, and obtain a critical line which terminates at $T=0$ at a quantum-critical point for superconductivity. We show that the behavior of the gap function near this point is highly non-trivial. In particular, an infinitesimally small $Δ(ω_m)$ contains a singular $δ-$function piece $ω_m δ(ω_m)$. We argue that near the critical point superconductivity may be a mixed state with even-frequency and odd-frequency gap components.
description: journal version
Wired Cycle-Breaking Dynamics for Uniform Spanning Forests
Creators: name: Hutchcroft, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that every component of the wired uniform spanning forest (WUSF) is one-ended almost surely in every transient reversible random graph, removing the bounded degree hypothesis required by earlier results. We deduce that every component of the WUSF is one-ended almost surely in every supercritical Galton-Watson tree, answering a question of Benjamini, Lyons, Peres and Schramm. Our proof introduces and exploits a family of Markov chains under which the oriented WUSF is stationary, which we call the wired cycle-breaking dynamics.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
(101346) Emily G Liskard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Insights into Correlated Motions and Long-Range Interactions in CheY Derived from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Fetrow, Jacquelyn S.
name: Edgell, Marshall Hall
name: Knaggs, Michael H.
name: Salsbury Jr., Freddie R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: CheY is a response regulator protein involved in bacterial chemotaxis. Much is known about its active and inactive conformations, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying long-range interactions or correlated motions. To investigate these events, molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the unphosphorylated, inactive structure from Salmonella typhimurium and the active mimic structure (with removed) from Escherichia coli. Simulations utilized both sequences in each conformation to discriminate sequence- and structure-specific behavior. The previously identified conformational differences between the inactive and active conformations of the strand-4-helix-4 loop, which are present in these simulations, arise from the structural, and not the sequence, differences. The simulations identify previously unreported structure-specific flexibility features in this loop and sequence-specific flexibility features in other regions of the protein. Both structure- and sequence-specific long-range interactions are observed in the active and inactive ensembles. In the inactive ensemble, two distinct mechanisms based on Thr-87 or Ile-95 rotameric forms, are observed for the previously identified g+ and g− rotamer sampling by Tyr-106. These molecular dynamics simulations have thus identified both sequence- and structure-specific differences in flexibility, long-range interactions, and rotameric form of key residues. Potential biological consequences of differential flexibility and long-range correlated motion are discussed.