cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Towards sustainable agriculture: Utilising genetics to sustainably improve the efficiency and longevity of cattle agriculture on both large-scale and localised level farming, in view of climate change effects
Creators: name: Finn, Carla Hazel
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Livestock products have high densities of critical nutrients. As the world population increases, so too does the demand for animal products (such as milk), whilst climate change induced stressors are expected to intensify competition for resources, indicating that livestock systems must increase climatic resilience, alongside productivity and efficiency. The genetic diversity of livestock breeds is shaped by evolutionary forces such as genetic drift, migration, selection and geographical separation. Modern livestock genetics have also been influenced by human-mediated selection. As a result, many highly specialized breeds are adapted to localised environments as well as having evolved to meet a variety of human needs. Both processes have left traces in the genome of domestic livestock species as genome-wide variants such as short-nucleotide polymorphisms, 'SNPs'. The growing availability of computationally efficient genomic tools means that selection signatures can be readily analysed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure in cattle breeds and among cattle populations. This research utilised genetics in consideration of the growing need to safeguard livestock populations, by considering the need to increase efficiency as well as climate-change induced resilience, with a focus on cattle. We investigated and analysed the population structure and diversity of South-Asian cattle populations, with a focus on the understudied Thailand cattle, as a potential novel genetic resource for resilience and adaptability to climate change. A combination of medium and high-density Illumina Bovine SNP arrays was used, alongside a combination of genomic tools- the PLINK toolkit, STRUCTURE and TreeMix. These results revealed the population history and genetic structure of Asian breeds, validating previous research efforts which identify Thailand cattle as unique among other Indicine breeds, presenting an understudied genetic resource potential, requiring greater genetic management and further research. We also investigated methods to increase efficiency of European dairy-cattle farms by reducing losses incurred by the prevalent parasite infection cryptosporidiosis. High-density Bovine SNP arrays was used for an association study with the aim of identifying selection signatures associated with Cryptosporidium infection. Using a combination of the PLINK toolkit, various R Packages and PANTHER Gene Ontology assessment, putative candidate genes associated with Cryptosporidium infection are discussed, and future research options are suggested. Putative genes include FMN2, TPM2 and TLN1 (novel), and CA9 and FGD4 (previously found to be directly/indirectly associated with Cryptosporidium infection).
Concatenation Schemes for Topological Fault-tolerant Quantum Error Correction
Creators: name: Li, Zhaoyi
name: Kim, Isaac
name: Hayden, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a family of fault-tolerant quantum error correction schemes based on the concatenation of small error detection or error correction codes with the three-dimensional cluster state. We propose fault-tolerant state preparation and decoding schemes that effectively convert every circuit-level error into an erasure error, leveraging the cluster state's high threshold against such errors. We find a set of codes for which such a conversion is possible, and study their performance against the standard circuit-level depolarizing model. Our best performing scheme, which is based on a concatenation with a classical code, improves the threshold by $16.5\%$ and decreases the spacetime overhead by $32\%$ compared to the scheme without concatenation, with each scheme subject to a physical error rate of $10^{-3}$ and achieving a logical error rate of $10^{-6}$.
description: 11+3 pages, 9+12 figures
Connected components of irreducible maps and 1D quantum phases
Creators: name: Szehr, Oleg
name: Wolf, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate elementary topological properties of sets of completely positive (CP) maps that arise in quantum Perron-Frobenius theory. We prove that the set of primitive CP maps of fixed Kraus rank is path-connected and we provide a complete classification of the connected components of irreducible CP maps at given Kraus rank and fixed peripheral spectrum in terms of a multiplicity index. These findings are then applied to analyse 1D quantum phases by studying equivalence classes of translational invariant Matrix Product States that correspond to the connected components of the respective CP maps. Our results extend the previously obtained picture in that they do not require blocking of physical sites, they lead to analytic paths and they allow to decompose into ergodic components and to study the breaking of translational symmetry.
description: 19 pages, 0 figures
Unified characterization for higher-order topological phase transitions
Creators: name: Jia, Wei
name: Zhou, Xin-Chi
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Zhang, Long
name: Liu, Xiong-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order topological phase transitions (HOTPTs) are associated with closing either the bulk energy gap (type-I) or boundary energy gap (type-II) without changing symmetry, and conventionally the both transitions are captured in real space and characterized separately. Here we propose a momentum-space topological characterization of the HOTPTs, which unifies the both types of topological transitions and enables a precise detection by quench dynamics. Our unified characterization is based on a novel correspondence between the mass domain walls on real-space boundaries and the higher-order band-inversion surfaces (BIS) which are characteristic interfaces in the momentum subspace. The topological transitions occur when momentum-space topological nodes, dubbed higher-order topological charges, cross the higher-order BISs after proper projection. Particularly, the bulk (boundary) gap closes when all (part of) topological charges cross the BISs, characterizing the type-I (type-II) HOTPTs. These distinct dynamical behaviours of higher-order topological charges can be feasibly measured from quench dynamics driven with control in experiments. Our work opens an avenue to characterize and detect the two types of HOTPTs within a unified framework, and shall advance the research in both theory and experiment.
description: 8+15 pages, 3+7 figures; Discussions are updated. References are updated
Final prototype of the ICT-based DAP
Creators: name: Cantaluppi, Davide
name: Corti, Simone
name: Micotti, Marco
name: Weber, Enrico
name: Lorenz, Lars
name: Jensen, Aaron M
name: Jensen, Eric A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project Ô
water circular economy
water resources
water reuse
EU
funded
project

description: This report is the accompanying document for Deliverable 4.3 (type: demonstrator), namely the “Final prototype of the ICT based Decision Analytic Platform (DAP)”. The main objective of Project Ô is to demonstrate innovative approaches and technologies to support the circular economy, addressing the technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects to redefine water value chains. ProjectÔ Work Package 4 targets designing, developing, and testing an ICT-based decision-analytic platform (DAP) to support policymakers in selecting robust and efficient water planning portfolios, integrating traditional water management strategies and water reuse technologies. The ICT based DAP is a platform targeting mainly water regulators, relying on a multi-objective decision-making approach to allow the analysis of traditionally incommensurable and conflicting objectives and to explore their trade-offs.
Lorentz TEM imaging of stripe structures embedded in a soft magnetic matrix
Creators: name: Basith, M. A.
name: McVitie, S.
name: Strache, T.
name: Fritzsche, M.
name: Muecklich, A.
name: Fassbender, J.
name: McCordy, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Néel walls in soft magnetic NiFe/NiFeGa hybrid stripe structures surrounded by a NiFe film are investigated by high resolution Lorentz transmission electron microscopic imaging. An anti-parallel orientation of magnetization in 1000 nm wide neighboring unirradiated-irradiated stripes is observed by forming high angle domain walls during magnetization reversal. Upon downscaling the stripe structure size from 1000 nm to 200 nm a transition from a discrete domain pattern to an effective magnetic medium is observed for external magnetic field reversal. This transition is associated with vanishing ability of hosting high angle domain walls between adjacent stripes. The investigation also demonstrated the potentiality of Lorentz microscopy to image periodic stripe structures well under micron length-scale.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
On Soft Theorems And Form Factors In N=4 SYM Theory
Creators: name: Bork, L. V.
name: Onishchenko, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft theorems for the form factors of 1/2-BPS and Konishi operator supermultiplets are derived at tree level in N=4 SYM theory. They have a form identical to the one in the amplitude case. For MHV sectors of stress tensor and Konishi supermultiplets loop corrections to soft theorems are considered at one loop level. They also appear to have universal form in soft limit. Possible generalization of the on-shell diagrams to the form factors based on leading soft behavior is suggested. Finally, we give some comments on inverse soft limit and integrability of form factors in the limit $q^2\to 0$
description: 55 pages, 15 figures
Strands of Power, Tools of Resistance: Black Hair as Consciousness and Medium
Creators: name: Burkins, Adriana Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This thesis explores the efficacy of hair as a tool in art to address assertions of femininity, citizenship, consciousness, and identity within the black experience in the United States and in South Africa. I interpret depictions of hair in the art of four contemporary female artists of color: Sonya Clark and Mequitta Ahuja, from the United States, and Tracey Rose and Zanele Muholi, from South Africa. Centering my analysis on shared histories of racism and resistance through self-fashioning, I draw from exhibition catalogues, texts on hair and hair in art, and writings on identity politics to further explore the relationships that have existed between women of color in both nations. Inspired by the development of the natural hair movement among women of color, I argue that Clark, Ahuja, Rose, and Muholi demonstrate how references to black hair in art can represent complex visual narratives of the self and the community.
Coreference Resolution for Software Architecture Documentation
Creators: name: Dao, Quang Nhat
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Coreference Resolution
Software Architecture Documentation
Traceability Link Recovery
Software Engineering

description: In der Softwareentwicklung spielt die Softwarearchitekturdokumentation eine wichtige Rolle. Sie enthält viele wichtige Informationen über Gründe und Entwurfsentscheidungen. Daher gibt es viele Aktivitäten, die sich aus verschiedenen Gründen mit der Dokumentation befassen, z. B. um Informationen zu extrahieren oder verschiedene Formen der Dokumentation konsistent zu halten. Diese Aktivitäten beinhalten oft eine automatische Verarbeitung der Dokumentation, z. B. Traceability Link Recovery (TLR). Bei der automatischen Verarbeitung kann es jedoch zu Problemen kommen, wenn in der Dokumentation Koreferenzen vorhanden sind. Eine Koreferenz liegt vor, wenn sich zwei oder mehr Erwähnungen auf dieselbe Entität beziehen. Diese Erwähnungen können unterschiedlich sein und zu Mehrdeutigkeiten führen, z. B. wenn es sich um Pronomen handelt. Um dieses Problem zu lösen, werden in dieser Arbeit zwei Beiträge zur Koreferenzauflösung in der Softwarearchitekturdokumentation vorgeschlagen. Der erste Beitrag besteht darin, die Leistungsfähigkeit bestehender Modelle zur Koreferenzauflösung in der Softwarearchitekturdokumentation zu untersuchen. Der zweite Beitrag besteht darin, die Koreferenzauflösung in viele spezifischere Arten von Auflösungen zu unterteilen, wie die Pronomenauflösung, Abkürzungenauflösung usw. Für jede Kombination von spezifischen Auflösungen haben wir einen spezifischen Ansatz. Um die Arbeit dieser Abschlussarbeit zu evaluieren, werden wir uns zunächst ansehen, wie die Ansätze für die Koreferenzauflösung in der Softwarearchitekturdokumentation abschneiden. Hier erreicht Hobbs+Naive, eine Kombination aus Hobbs’ Algorithmus und naiver Nicht-Pronomen-Auflösung, einen F1-Score von 63%. StanfordCoreNLP_Deterministic, ein deterministisches System zur Koreferenzauflösung von Stanford CoreNLP, erreicht dagegen 59%. Dann wollen wir sehen, wie gut die Ansätze die Koreferenzen für eine bestimmte Aktivität, nämlich TLR, auflösen. StanfordCoreNLP_Deterministic erreicht einen F1-Score von 63%, während Hobbs+Naive 59% für diesen Aspekt erreicht. Da Koreferenzen von Pronomen eines der größten Probleme bei TLR sind, bewerten wir schließlich auch, wie die Ansätze bei der Pronomenauflösung abschneiden. In diesem Fall erreicht die Kombination mit Hobbs’ Algorithmus als Pronomenauflösungsmodell einen F1-Score von 74%, während StanfordCoreNLP_Neural nur 71% erreicht. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die Kombinationsansätze eine bessere Leistung bei der Koreferenzauflösung in der Softwarearchitekturdokumentation erbringen. Außerdem schneiden sie bei der Pronomenauflösung für TLR besser ab als die bestehenden Modellansätze. Nichtsdestotrotz sind die bestehenden Modellansätze bei der Koreferenzauflösung für TLR überlegen.
Constructing Non-Abelian Quantum Spin Liquids Using Combinatorial Gauge Symmetry
Creators: name: Green, Dmitry
name: Chamon, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct Hamiltonians with only 1- and 2-body interactions that exhibit an exact non-Abelian gauge symmetry (specifically, combinatiorial gauge symmetry). Our spin Hamiltonian realizes the quantum double associated to the group of quaternions. It contains only ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic $ZZ$ interactions, plus longitudinal and transverse fields, and therefore is an explicit example of a spin Hamiltonian with no sign problem that realizes a non-Abelian topological phase. In addition to the spin model, we propose a superconducting quantum circuit version with the same symmetry.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Minor edits to make exposition clearer in some places
Near-horizon description of extremal magnetised stationary black holes and Meissner effect
Creators: name: Bičák, Jiří
name: Hejda, Filip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief summary of the basic properties of stationary spacetimes representing rotating, charged black holes in strong axisymmetric magnetic fields, we concentrate on extremal cases, for which the horizon surface gravity vanishes. We investigate their properties by constructing simpler spacetimes that exhibit their geometries near degenerate horizons. Starting from the symmetry arguments we find that the near-horizon geometries of extremal magnetised Kerr-Newman black holes can be characterised by just one dimensionless parameter: "effective Kerr-Newman mixing angle". Employing the near-horizon geometries we demonstrate the Meissner effect of magnetic field expulsion from extremal black holes.
description: Added one reference and some details to fit the journal version
title: Основы гидрогеологии и инженерной геологии
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: EDP Hub (Идипи Хаб), Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В учебном пособии изложены материалы, позволяющие освоить курс «Основы гидрогеологии и инженерной геологии» в полном объеме. Издание содержит основные материалы теоретического курса, а также контрольные вопросы и задания по курсу, снабжено рисунками и схемами для лучшего усваивания материала. Сведения наиболее полно систематизированы и конкретизированы. Благодаря четким определениям основных понятий, их признаков и особенностей студент может сформулировать ответ, за короткий срок усвоить и переработать важную часть информации, успешно сдать зачет. Учебное пособие будет полезно не только студентам, но и преподавателям при подготовке и проведении занятий. Рекомендовано для студентов высшего и среднеспециального обра-зования направления «Наука о земле», изучающих дисциплину «Основы гидрогеологии и инженерной геологии».
The State of Telemedicine in Orthopedics: A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Letchinger, Riva
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Orthopedics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: orthopedics

description: This is the protocol for a scoping review of telemedicine in orthopedic surgery.
Enumerating Stable Nanopores in Graphene and their Geometrical Properties Using the Combinatorics of Hexagonal Lattices
Creators: name: Thomas, Sneha
name: Silmore, Kevin S.
name: Rajan, Ananth Govind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanopores in two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, can be used for a variety of applications, such as gas separations, water desalination, and DNA sequencing. So far, however, all plausible isomeric shapes of graphene nanopores have not been enumerated. Instead, a probabilistic approach has been followed to predict nanopore shapes in 2D materials, due to the exponential increase in the number of nanopores as the size of the vacancy increases. For example, there are 12 possible isomers when N=6 atoms are removed, a number that theoretically increases to 11.7 million when N=20 atoms are removed from the graphene lattice. The development of a smaller, exhaustive dataset of stable nanopore shapes can help future experimental and theoretical studies focused on using nanoporous 2D materials in various applications. In this work, we use the theory of 2D triangular "lattice animals" to create a library of all stable graphene nanopore shapes based on a modification of a well-known algorithm in the mathematical combinatorics of polyforms known as Redelmeier's algorithm. We show that there exists a correspondence between graphene nanopores and triangular polyforms (called polyiamonds) as well as hexagonal polyforms (called polyhexes). We develop the concept of a polyiamond ID to identify unique nanopore isomers. We also use concepts from polyiamond and polyhex geometry to eliminate unstable nanopores containing dangling atoms, bonds, and moieties. The exclusion of such unstable nanopores leads to a remarkable reduction in the possible nanopores from 11.7 million for N=20 to only 0.184 million nanopores, thereby indicating that the number of stable nanopores is almost two orders of magnitude lower and is much more tractable. Not only that, by extracting the polyhex outline, our algorithm allows searching for nanopores with dimensions and shape factors in a specified range.
description: 27 pages and 12 figures in the main text, 6 pages and 5 figures in the supporting information
Absorbing/Emitting Phonons with one dimensional MOSFETs
Creators: name: Bosisio, Riccardo
name: Gorini, Cosimo
name: Fleury, Geneviève
name: Pichard, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider nanowires in the field effect transistor device configuration. Modeling each nanowire as a one dimensional lattice with random site potentials, we study the heat exchanges between the nanowire electrons and the substrate phonons, when electron transport is due to phonon-assisted hops between localized states. Shifting the nanowire conduction band with a metallic gate induces different behaviors. When the Fermi potential is located near the band center, a bias voltage gives rise to small local heat exchanges which fluctuate randomly along the nanowire. When it is located near one of the band edges, the bias voltage yields heat currents which flow mainly from the substrate towards the nanowire near one boundary of the nanowire, and in the opposite direction near the other boundary. This opens interesting perspectives for heat management at submicron scales: Arrays of parallel gated nanowires could be used for a field control of phonon emission/absorption.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Isolation and Characterization of Rare Flavone Tetraglycosides from the Seeds of the Bioactive Plant: Peganum harmala L.
Creators: name: Taştekin, Nuriye Hilal
name: Atakay, Mehmet
name: Salih, Bekir
name: Başaran, A. Ahmet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The phytochemical investigation of Peganum harmala L. seeds yielded two rare flavone tetraglycosides following isolation, purification, and analyses. The compound determined to be diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) was first isolated from the species while the other compound characterized to be acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) was isolated from the genus Peganum for the first time. Their structures were primarily elucidated by one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and supported by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analyses.
PILOT STUDY OF MENTAL HEALTH SYMPTOMS IN COLLEGIATE ATHLETES: THE INFLUENCE OF RESILIENCE ACROSS A COMPETITIVE SEASON
Creators: name: Simon, Megan Beth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Objectives: We explored associations between training load (TL) and mental health symptoms (MHS) throughout a competitive season. Secondly, we examined resilience as an influencer on these associations. Participants: 114 student-athletes between 18-23 years old. Methods: We measured MHS and resilience at 3 timepoints throughout a competitive season with psychometric questionnaires. We collected TL daily then calculated average acute to chronic workload ratios (ACWR) and total TLs. Results: None of our hypothesized variables predicted the change in flourishing mental health or anxiety. Total TL at timepoint 3 had a positive main effect. Those who had greater total TL had greater increases in depression (t = 2.14, p = 0.035). Individuals with greater total TL at timepoint 3 and lower average resilience tended to report the greatest increases in depression (t = -2.75, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Results suggests the importance of evaluation of student-athlete resilience and follow-up evaluation of depression.
The Role of Personality and Government Transparency in Response to COVID-19
Creators: name: Siritzky, Meghan
name: Weston, Sara
name: Condon, David
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This amends the original preregistration for The Role of Personality and Government Transparency in Response to COVID-19.
Characterization of river flow fluctuations via horizontal visibility graphs
Creators: name: Braga, A. C.
name: Alves, L. G. A.
name: Costa, L. S.
name: Ribeiro, A. A.
name: de Jesus, M. M. A.
name: Tateishi, A. A.
name: Ribeiro, H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a large-scale characterization of river discharges by employing the network framework of the horizontal visibility graph. By mapping daily time series from 141 different stations of 53 Brazilian rivers into complex networks, we present an useful approach for investigating the dynamics of river flows. We verified that the degree distributions of these networks were well described by exponential functions, where the characteristic exponents are almost always larger than the value obtained for random time series. The faster-than-random decay of the degree distributions is an another evidence that the fluctuation dynamics underlying the river discharges has a long-range correlated nature. We further investigated the evolution of the river discharges by tracking the values of the characteristic exponents (of the degree distribution) and the global clustering coefficients of the networks over the years. We show that the river discharges in several stations have evolved to become more or less correlated (and displaying more or less complex internal network structures) over the years, a behavior that could be related to changes in the climate system and other man-made phenomena.
description: Accepted for publication in Physica A
Evolving Jim Crow: An Analysis of the Consolidation Movement on the Virginia Peninsula, 1940-1958
Creators: name: Sipe, Richard Joshua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: In the decades after the Second World War, amidst a growing number of attacks on Jim Crow by African Americans, Southern leaders employed a variety of  strategies to preserve white supremacy. In Newport News, Virginia, local white leaders and citizens used consolidation with Warwick County to reinforce white supremacy against a growing politically active black community on the Virginia Peninsula. The case of Newport News from World War II through consolidation in 1958 and the decades after depicts not only the frailty of Jim Crow, but also white citizens’ fear of a collapsing system and their attempts to re-inscribe white supremacy. It also portrays the long lasting effects and damage of white supremacy even after the end of Jim Crow.
title: Основы гидрогеологии и инженерной геологии
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: EDP Hub (Идипи Хаб), Профобразование
Year: 2024

description: В учебном пособии изложены основы гидрогеологии и инженерной геологии. Рассмотрены круговорот воды в природе, происхождение подземных вод, физические свойства и состав различных видов вод. Даны основы динамики подземных вод, условия обводненности месторождений полезных ископаемых. Описаны основы рудничной гидрогеологии, горные породы как грунты и их физические свойства, физико-геологические и инженерно-геологические процессы и явления. Предназначено для студентов технического и профессионального образования области «Науки о Земле», изучающих дисциплину «Геология» (раздел «Гидрогеология и инженерная геология») и другие дисциплины, связанные с гидрогеологией.
A telecom-wavelength quantum repeater node based on a trapped-ion processor
Creators: name: Krutyanskiy, Victor
name: Canteri, Marco
name: Meraner, Martin
name: Bate, James
name: Krcmarsky, Vojtech
name: Schupp, Josef
name: Sangouard, Nicolas
name: Lanyon, Ben P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum repeater node is presented based on trapped ions that act as single photon emitters, quantum memories and an elementary quantum processor. The node's ability to establish entanglement across two 25 km-long optical fibers independently, then to swap that entanglement efficiently to extend it over both fibers, is demonstrated. The resultant entanglement is established between telecom-wavelength photons at either end of the 50 km channel. The system improvements to allow for repeater-node chains to establish stored entanglement over 800 km at Hertz rates are calculated, revealing a near-term path to distributed networks of entangled sensors, atomic clocks and quantum processors.
description: 5 pages and 4 figures main text plus supplementary
Characterization and Removal of Microplastics in Landfill Leachate Treatment Plants in Istanbul, Turkey
Creators: name: Kara, Narin
name: Erkan, Hanife Sari
name: Engin, Guleda Onkal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: This study was carried out to determine the abundance, size, and type of microplastics (MPs) in landfill leachate of Kömürcüoda and Odayeri sanitary landfills in Istanbul. Within this framework, membrane bioreactor (MBR)-ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) samples were collected to determine the concentration of microplastics in both landfill leachate treatment plants (LLTPs). The highest suspected microplastic concentrations were determined to be 196, 147, and 183 particles/L in the mixed liquor sludge from a membrane bioreactor (MBR) in Kömürcüoda LLTP and aerobic and anoxic basins in Odayeri LLTPs. The main particle color detected in Kömürcüoda LLTP was transparent, followed by black, whereas transparent and blue were dominant in the Odayeri LLTP. In the effluents of UF and NF units of Kömürcüoda LLTP, the microplastic concentrations were 7.24 particle/L and 2 particle/L. The results show that UF and NF efficiently removed microplastics at 99%. In the effluent of the UF unit in Odayeri LLTP, approximately 96% microplastic removal was achieved. According to these results, the most common microplastic type in all units was fiber and the principal sizes were between 500 and 999 and 1000 and 1999 µm at all sampling points.
Measuring the Luttinger liquid parameter with shot noise
Creators: name: Kühne, J. K.
name: Protopopov, I. V.
name: Oreg, Y.
name: Mirlin, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the low-frequency noise of interacting electrons in a one-dimensional structure (quantum wire or interaction-coupled edge states) with counterpropagating modes, assuming a single channel in each direction. The system is driven out of equilibrium by a quantum point contact (QPC) with an applied voltage, which induces a double-step energy distribution of incoming electrons on one side of the device. A second QPC serves to explore the statistics of outgoing electrons. We show that measurement of a low-frequency noise in such a setup allows one to extract the Luttinger liquid constant $K$ which is the key parameter characterizing an interacting 1D system. We evaluate the dependence of the zero-frequency noise on $K$ and on parameters of both QPCs (transparencies and voltages).
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physica E, SPECIAL ISSUE ON FRONTIERS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT - IN MEMORY OF MARKUS BUETTIKER
Modeling sequences and temporal networks with dynamic community structures
Creators: name: Peixoto, Tiago P.
name: Rosvall, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In evolving complex systems such as air traffic and social organizations, collective effects emerge from their many components' dynamic interactions. While the dynamic interactions can be represented by temporal networks with nodes and links that change over time, they remain highly complex. It is therefore often necessary to use methods that extract the temporal networks' large-scale dynamic community structure. However, such methods are subject to overfitting or suffer from effects of arbitrary, a priori imposed timescales, which should instead be extracted from data. Here we simultaneously address both problems and develop a principled data-driven method that determines relevant timescales and identifies patterns of dynamics that take place on networks as well as shape the networks themselves. We base our method on an arbitrary-order Markov chain model with community structure, and develop a nonparametric Bayesian inference framework that identifies the simplest such model that can explain temporal interaction data.
description: 15 Pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Multi-objective water planning portfolios design under baseline conditions
Creators: name: POLIMI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project Ô
water circular economy
water resources
water reuse
water management
EU
funded
project

description: One of the core goals of ProjectÔ is to demonstrate the efficacy of adopting water reuse technologies to shift towards a circular economy for long-term, sustainable water management. While globally water reuse is of great interest to contrast the projected increase in global and local water demands, water loops have the potential to become an essential component of integrated water management strategies in water stressed regions. This deliverable D4.1 (Multi-objective water planning portfolios design under baseline conditions) illustrates the output of the activities carried out in Task 4.1 (Multi-objective water planning portfolios design) for Demo site 1, the case study of the Apulian Aqueduct (AQP) system, Italy. Water portfolios have been assessed through a set of indicators, including 1) water reuse cost, which refers to the cost of the treatment technology; 2) operating cost of the distribution network as dictated by the energy price (e.g., for pumping and treatment); 3) water supply deficit for farmers, urban drinking water and industry measured as the quadratic difference between supply and demand.
Boosting Performance of a Baseline Visual Place Recognition Technique by Predicting the Maximally Complementary Technique
Creators: name: Malone, Connor
name: Hausler, Stephen
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Milford, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One recent promising approach to the Visual Place Recognition (VPR) problem has been to fuse the place recognition estimates of multiple complementary VPR techniques using methods such as SRAL and multi-process fusion. These approaches come with a substantial practical limitation: they require all potential VPR methods to be brute-force run before they are selectively fused. The obvious solution to this limitation is to predict the viable subset of methods ahead of time, but this is challenging because it requires a predictive signal within the imagery itself that is indicative of high performance methods. Here we propose an alternative approach that instead starts with a known single base VPR technique, and learns to predict the most complementary additional VPR technique to fuse with it, that results in the largest improvement in performance. The key innovation here is to use a dimensionally reduced difference vector between the query image and the top-retrieved reference image using this baseline technique as the predictive signal of the most complementary additional technique, both during training and inference. We demonstrate that our approach can train a single network to select performant, complementary technique pairs across datasets which span multiple modes of transportation (train, car, walking) as well as to generalise to unseen datasets, outperforming multiple baseline strategies for manually selecting the best technique pairs based on the same training data.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2112.04701
Do testosterone and cortisol jointly regulate adolescent dominance?
Creators: name: Shields, Allison
name: Tackett, Jennifer
name: Reardon, Kathleen
name: Brandes, Cassandra
name: España, Raul
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The goal of this project is to examine the dual-hormone hypothesis as it relates to dominance in a community sample of adolescents.
Spin polarization and texture of the Fermi arcs in the Weyl Fermion semimetal TaAs
Creators: name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Sanchez, Daniel S.
name: Neupane, Madhab
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Yaji, Koichiro
name: Yuan, Zhujun
name: Zhang, Chenglong
name: Kuroda, Kenta
name: Bian, Guang
name: Guo, Cheng
name: Lu, Hong
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Alidoust, Nasser
name: Zheng, Hao
name: Lee, Chi-Cheng
name: Huang, Shin-Ming
name: Hsu, Chuang-Han
name: Jeng, Horng-Tay
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Alexandradinata, Aris
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Kondo, Takeshi
name: Komori, Fumio
name: Shin, Shik
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Jia, Shuang
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Weyl semimetal is a new state of matter that host Weyl fermions as quasiparticle excitations. The Weyl fermions at zero energy correspond to points of bulk band degeneracy, Weyl nodes, which are separated in momentum space and are connected only through the crystal's boundary by an exotic Fermi arc surface state. We experimentally measure the spin polarization of the Fermi arcs in the first experimentally discovered Weyl semimetal TaAs. Our spin data, for the first time, reveal that the Fermi arcs' spin polarization magnitude is as large as 80% and possesses a spin texture that is completely in-plane. Moreover, we demonstrate that the chirality of the Weyl nodes in TaAs cannot be inferred by the spin texture of the Fermi arcs. The observed non-degenerate property of the Fermi arcs is important for the establishment of its exact topological nature, which reveal that spins on the arc form a novel type of 2D matter. Additionally, the nearly full spin polarization we observed (~80%) may be useful in spintronic applications.
description: 4 figures, 15 pages
A new Parametrization for Bulk Viscosity Cosmology as Extension of the $Λ$CDM Model
Creators: name: Gómez, Gabriel
name: Palma, Guillermo
name: Rincón, Ángel
name: Cruz, Norman
name: González, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk viscosity in cold dark matter is an appealing feature that introduces distinctive phenomenological effects in the cosmological setting as compared to the $Λ$CDM model. Under this view, we propose a general parametrization of the bulk viscosity of the form $ξ\sim H^{1-2s} ρ_{m}^{s}$, that covers intriguingly some well-known cases in the Eckart's theory. Some advantages of this novel parametrization are: first, it allows to write the resulting equations of cosmological evolution in the form of an autonomous system for any value of $s$, so a general treatment of the fixed points and stability can be done, and second, the bulk viscosity effect is consistently handled so that it naturally turns off when matter density vanishes. As a main result we find, based on detailed dynamical system analysis, one-parameter family of de-Sitter-like asymptotic solutions with non-vanishing bulk viscosity coefficient during different cosmological periods. Numerical computations are performed jointly along with analytical phase space analysis in order to assess more quantitatively the bulk viscosity effect on the cosmological background evolution. Finally, as a first contact with observation we derive constraints on the free parameters of some bulk viscosity models with specific $s$-exponents from Supernovae Ia and observations of the Hubble parameter, by performing a Bayesian statistical analysis thought the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures. Typos fixed, phase space diagrams included (figure 1). Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal Plus
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF POPULISM IN EUROPEAN DECISION MAKING AND DISINTEGRATION: THE 2015 GMO CASE
Creators: name: Rodgers, Spencer Allsop
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This thesis assesses to what extent populism impacted the EU Commission decision to transfer power over GMO policy to Member States. In 2015, the EU passed a directive allowing Member States to ban or restrict the cultivation of GMOs in their territory, a power previously held by the EU Commission. This represents the first major reversal of the transfer of powers in the EU, reversing the logic of integration, and therefore is considered part of the emerging sub-field of European disintegration. Following an analysis of the EU’s regulatory framework for GMOs, changes made by the directive are analyzed. The following sections offer overviews of, and working definitions for, Euroscepticism and populism, before arguing in the following section that a number of factors a. can be characterized as populist in nature, and b. contributed to the passage of the directive. These factors are the influence of Green Parties in Europe and of NGOs in the Commission and removal of the Chief Science Advisor, the results of the 2014 European Parliament elections, and the protests against the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). The thesis then considers other possible factors. Finally, an assessment of the factors in sum is offered, while returning to the discussion of disintegration.
Multiplexed Biosensing of Proteins and Virions with Disposable Plasmonic Assays
Creators: name: Wallace, Stephanie
name: Kartau, Martin
name: Kakkar, Tarun
name: Davis, Chris
name: Szemiel, Agnieszka
name: Mailart, Emmanuel
name: Gautier, Kevin
name: Lapthorn, Adrian J.
name: Gadegaard, Nikolaj
name: Kadodwala, Malcolm
name: Hutchinson, Edward
name: Karimullah, Affar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our growing ability to tailor healthcare to the needs of individuals has the potential to transform clinical treatment. However, the measurement of multiple biomarkers to inform clinical decisions requires rapid, effective, and affordable diagnostics. Chronic diseases and rapidly evolving pathogens in a larger population have also escalated the need for improved diagnostic capabilities. Current chemical diagnostics are often performed in centralised facilities and are still dependent on multiple steps, molecular labelling, and detailed analysis causing the result turnaround time to be over hours and days. Rapid diagnostic kits based on lateral flow devices can return results quickly but are only capable of detecting a handful of pathogens or markers. Herein we present the use of disposable plasmonics as a platform for low-cost label-free optical biosensing with multiplexing capabilities, eliminating the need for flow systems often required in current optical biosensors. We demonstrate the biosensing capabilities of a system that uses chiroptical measurements as well as plasmonic enhanced fluorescence from metafilms with shuriken shaped nanoindentations. We also perform the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in complex solutions as an early developmental milestone towards high-throughput, single-step, diagnostic kits for differential diagnosis of multiple respiratory viruses and any other emerging diagnostic needs. Diagnostics based on this platform which we term Disposable Plasmonics Assays, would be suitable for low-cost screening of multiple pathogens or biomarkers in a near point of care setting.
description: 19 pages, 5 figs
Assessment of various Hamiltonian partitionings for the electronic structure problem on a quantum computer using the Trotter approximation
Creators: name: Martínez-Martínez, Luis A.
name: Yen, Tzu-Ching
name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solving the electronic structure problem via unitary evolution of the electronic Hamiltonian is one of the promising applications of digital quantum computers. One of the practical strategies to implement the unitary evolution is via Trotterization, where a sequence of short-time evolutions of fast-forwardable (i.e. efficiently diagonalizable) Hamiltonian fragments is used. Given multiple choices of possible Hamiltonian decompositions to fast-forwardable fragments, the accuracy of the Hamiltonian evolution depends on the choice of the fragments. We assess efficiency of multiple Hamiltonian partitioning techniques using fermionic and qubit algebras for the Trotterization. Use of symmetries of the electronic Hamiltonian and its fragments significantly reduces the Trotter error. This reduction makes fermionic-based partitioning Trotter errors lower compared to those in qubit-based techniques. However, from the simulation-cost standpoint, fermionic methods tend to introduce quantum circuits with a greater number of T-gates at each Trotter step and thus are more computationally expensive compared to their qubit counterparts.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
MPEC 2024-R113 : 2024 RT3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RT3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.