cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
M74 X-1 (CXOU J013651.1+154547): An Extremely Variable Ultraluminous X-Ray Source
Creators: name: Krauss, M. I.
name: Kilgard, R. E.
name: Garcia, M. R.
name: Roberts, T. P.
name: Prestwich, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) have been described variously as the most luminous normal X-ray binaries, as hypernovae, and as "intermediate-mass" black holes with masses of hundreds to thousands of solar masses. We present results on M74 X-1 (CXOU J013651.1+154547), a ULX in the nearby spiral galaxy M74 (NGC 628), from observations by Chandra and XMM-Newton. M74 X-1is a persistent source which exhibits extreme variability and changes in spectral state on timescales of several thousand seconds. Its variability timescales and behavior resemble some Galactic microquasars. This suggests that the emission mechanism may be related to relativistically beamed jets, and that M74 X-1 could be an extragalactic "microblazar" -- a microquasar whose jet axis is aligned with our line of sight. We also note that its spectrum is consistent with the presence of a low-temperature disk blackbody component, which, assuming it is due to radiation from an accretion disk, could indicate that M74 X-1 contains an intermediate-mass black hole.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures; accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURAL TRADE AFTER THE EU ACCESSION
Creators: name: Konig, Gabor
name: Konig, Gabor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Hungary
subject: EU
subject: agriculture
subject: trade

description: The paper discusses the changes of the Hungarian agricultural trade, and shows how different factors (both internal and external) determine the flow of agricultural trade. The analyses show that although the EU plays a role more and more important in the Hungarian trade, the balance became worse, partly because of the increase of import from Germany and from Poland. The worsening trend of the trade after the accession shows that although the competitiveness is increasing it is still behind the improvement of competitiveness of the members of the EU-15 and 10 (partly because of the change of trade agreements, of subsidies and tariffs). In advantageous years (for cereals) the trends of trade with Romania and Bulgaria may have a positive effect on the flow of the Hungarian trade after 2007.
Transition and foreign trade: the case of the Ukrainian agri-food sector
Creators: name: Levkovych, Inna
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Levkovych, Inna
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agri-food sector
subject: intra-industry trade
subject: marginal intra-industry trade
subject: Ukraine

description: The purpose of this paper is to assess the progress of the transformation process and to analyse which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration into world markets. In this study we concentrate on the Ukrainian agri-food sector. The development of foreign trade may serve as indicator of success of market reforms. Thus we analyse the changes in the trade structure of agri-food sector and compute indicators of inter- (RTA Index) and intra-industrial (Grubel-Lloyd Index, Brülhart A-Index, characterising the marginal intra-industry trade) trade for the period 1996-2005. We discuss also which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration of Ukraine into world markets.
Radial oscillations and stability of compact stars in $f(R, T) = R+ 2βT$ gravity
Creators: name: Pretel, Juan M. Z.
name: Jorás, Sergio E.
name: Reis, Ribamar R. R.
name: Arbañil, José D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the static structure configurations and radial stability of compact stars within the context of $f(R, T)$ gravity, with $R$ and $T$ standing for the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. Considering the $f(R, T)=R+2βT$ functional form, with $β$ being a constant, we derive the corresponding hydrostatic equilibrium equation and the modified Chandrasekhar's pulsation equation. The mass-radius relations and radial mode frequencies are obtained for some realistic equations of state. Our results show that the traditional stellar stability criteria, namely, the necessary condition $dM/dρ_c >0$ and sufficient condition $ω^2 >0$, still hold in this theory of gravity.
description: Accepted for publication in JCAP; 18 pages, 6 figures and new references added
Additional file 1 of Single-cell analysis reveals alternations between the aged and young mice prostates
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Ding, Yuhong
name: Hou, Yaxin
name: Liu, Lilong
name: Liu, Zhenghao
name: Yao, Zhipeng
name: Shi, Pengjie
name: Li, Jinxu
name: Chen, Ke
name: Hu, Junyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
3. Linien Infanterie Regiment 'Erzherzog Carl': 1. Grenadier Kompanie in 1811
Creators: name: Berkovich, Ilya
name: Plahcinski, Andreas
name: Schranz, Felix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Habsburg Army
War of 1809
Grenadiers
3rd Line Infantry Regiment 'Archduke Charles'
Erzherzog Carl
History of Lower Austria
Niederösterreich
Social History
Historical Demography
Military History

description: Presented the first time at the European Researchers Night in Vienna on 30 September 2022.
Pregeometry and euclidean quantum gravity
Creators: name: Wetterich, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's general relativity can emerge from pregeometry, with the metric composed of more fundamental fields. We formulate euclidean pregeometry as a $SO(4)$ - Yang-Mills theory. In addition to the gauge fields we include a vector field in the vector representation of the gauge group. The gauge - and diffeomorphism - invariant kinetic terms for these fields permit a well-defined euclidean functional integral, in contrast to metric gravity with the Einstein-Hilbert action. The propagators of all fields are well behaved at short distances, without tachyonic or ghost modes. The long distance behavior is governed by the composite metric and corresponds to general relativity. In particular, the graviton propagator is free of ghost or tachyonic poles despite the presence of higher order terms in a momentum expansion of the inverse propagator. This pregeometry seems to be a valid candidate for euclidean quantum gravity, without obstructions for analytic continuation to a Minkowski signature of the metric.
description: Additional material on mode expansion., 24 pages
Scalar statistics on the sphere: application to the CMB
Creators: name: Monteserin, C.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Sanz, J. L.
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to compute several scalar quantities of Cosmic Microwave Background maps on the sphere is presented. We consider here four type of scalars: the Hessian matrix scalars, the distortion scalars, the gradient related scalars and the curvature scalars. Such quantities are obtained directly from the spherical harmonic coefficients (alm) of the map. We also study the probability density function of these quantities for the case of a homogeneous and isotropic Gaussian field, which are functions of the power spectrum of the initial field. From these scalars it is posible to construct a new set of scalars which are independent of the power spectrum of the field. We test our results using simulations and find a good agreement between the theoretical probability density functions and those obtained from simulations. Therefore, these quantities are proposed to investigate the presence of non-Gaussian features in CMB maps. Finally, we show how to compute the scalars in presence of anisotropic noise and realistic masks.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, version accepted for publication in MNRAS; high quality color figures upon request to the authors
Characteristics of Vertical Coordination in the Hungarian Wine Sector
Creators: name: Sidlovits, Diana
name: Kator, Zoltan
name: Sidlovits, Diana
name: Kator, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness
Industrial Organization

description: In our paper, we analyse the vertical coordination forms between vine grape producers and wine producer-merchants; and examine the characteristics of the contractual relationships and contract design in the Hungarian wine sector on the basis of the New Institution Economics theory. In this theoretical framework, we analyse the determinant factors in development of different coordination forms concerning the transactions on vine varieties for wine production. We have carried out interviews with the actors and we examine the contracts of the greatest Hungarian quality wine producer and merchant societies, which represent the majority of the production and wine export. We make statistical analysis of data base of 40 vine and wine enterprises in order to form a general picture from the actors of the Hungarian wine industry. We present the size, the ownership and the financial situation (revenue, Cash Flow, P/L etc.) We also describe the state and market regulations in relation with the wine industry and their role in the development of the different vertical co-ordination forms. We underline that the wine production in Hungary can be described with a relatively low profitability and slow return. This phenomenon arises not only from the costly production system, but from high transaction costs and inefficient existing governing structures. We show that the uncertainty is extremely high in the sector, especially in the field of price fluctuation, quality of row materials, commercialisation and respect of obligations assumed in the contracts. The motivation system of analysed contracts in most cases is not based on the price mechanism and we find a slight price differentiation in relation with quality of wine-grape. In most cases the assurance of wine-grape purchase means sufficient motivation to vine-growers. We show as well that vine-growers are not well organised at the level of negotiations with wine-producers and merchants. Their power to enforce interests is rather weak. The lack of confidence, asymmetrical information and the existence of opportunistic behaviour result in a very low level of investments and in an inefficient structure, although an efficient one would be indispensable for the quality wine production.
Assessing the Implications of EU Enlargement for CEEC Agri-food Trade Specialisation
Creators: name: Drabik, Dusan
name: Bartova, Lubica
name: Drabik, Dusan
name: Bartova, Lubica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agri-food trade
subject: specialisation
subject: Lafay index
subject: Markov matrices
subject: new EU Member States

description: The goal of the paper is to analyse agri-food trade specialisation in seven Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) with their trade groupings over the period 2000-2005, prior to and after their accession to the EU. For these CEECs, we found high agri-food trade specialisation in a relatively small number of commodities. The most competitive commodities in trade with all trade groupings other than the EU-15 were marked by a fairly high level of processing. Over the analysed period the CEE countries did not maintain positions of the most competitive commodities, but at the same time they improved positions of a number of previously uncompetitive commodities. The competitiveness of CEEC agrifood trade commodities declined over the period analysed.
Anomalous thermodynamics of a quantum spin system with large residual entropy
Creators: name: Richter, J.
name: Schulenburg, J.
name: Dmitriev, D. V.
name: Krivnov, V. Ya.
name: Schnack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to strongly frustrated classical systems, their quantum counterparts typically have a non-degenerate ground state. A counterexample is the celebrated Heisenberg sawtooth spin chain with ferromagnetic zigzag bonds $J_1$ and competing antiferromagnetic basal bonds $J_2$. At a quantum phase transition point $|J_2/J_1|=1/2$, this model exhibits a flat one-magnon excitation band leading to a massively degenerate ground-state manifold which results in a large residual entropy. Thus, for the spin-half model, the residual entropy amounts to exactly one half of its maximum value $\lim_{T\to\infty} S(T)/N = \ln2$. In the present paper we study in detail the role of the spin quantum number $s$ and the magnetic field $H$ in the parameter region around the transition (flat-band) point. For that we use full exact diagonalization up to $N=20$ lattice sites and the finite-temperature Lanczos method up to $N=36$ sites to calculate the density of states as well as the temperature dependence of the specific heat, the entropy and the susceptibility. The study of chain lengths up to $N=36$ allows a careful finite-size analysis. At the flat-band point we find extremely small finite-size effects for spin $s=1/2$, i.e., the numerical data virtually correspond to the thermodynamic limit. In all other cases the finite-size effects are still small and become visible at very low temperatures. In a sizeable parameter region around the flat-band point the former massively degenerate ground-state manifold acts as a large manifold of low-lying excitations leading to extraordinary thermodynamic properties at the transition point as well as in its vicinity such as an additional low-temperature maximum in the specific heat. Moreover, there is a very strong influence of the magnetic field on the low-temperature thermodynamics including an enhanced magnetocaloric effect.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Modelling the Dairy Farm Size Distribution in Poland Using an Instrumental Variable Generalized Cross Entropy Markov Approach
Creators: name: Tonini, Axel
name: Jongeneel, Roelof A.
name: Tonini, Axel
name: Jongeneel, Roelof A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy
subject: farm size
subject: Poland
subject: Markov chain
subject: generalised cross entropy.

description: The aim of this paper is to analyse the evolution of the dairy farm structure of Poland during the post-socialist period. First the paper focuses on how the farm structure has changed over time and what path it is likely to follow in the coming decade. Second, it is tested whether the evolution of farm size is explained by non-stationary effects. Finally, several statistical indicators are computed on farm mobility and on which farms are likely to survive. An instrumental variable generalised cross entropy Markov chain approach which incorporates prior information is applied for estimation. Prior information included general and plausible information on farm mobility and structural adjustments based on independent literature. The projections show that dairy farm numbers will continue to decline, although accompanied by an increase in the number of medium-sized and large farms. Subsistence dairy farms are expected to slowly leave the sector in the coming decade.
Pseudo-fermionization of 1-D bosons in optical lattices
Creators: name: Pupillo, Guido
name: Rey, Ana Maria
name: Williams, Carl J.
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model that generalizes the Bose-Fermi mapping for strongly correlated 1D bosons in an optical lattice, to cases in which the average number of atoms per site is larger than one. This model gives an accurate account of equilibrium properties of such systems, in parameter regimes relevant to current experiments. The application of this model to non-equilibrium phenomena is explored by a study of the dynamics of an atom cloud subject to a sudden displacement of the confining potential. Good agreement is found with results of recent experiments. The simplicity and intuitive appeal of this model make it attractive as a general tool for understanding bosonic systems in the strongly correlated regime.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Promoting Sustainable Market Institutions in the Transition Economies: the Role of International Assistance
Creators: name: Cochrane, Nancy J.
name: Cochrane, Nancy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Institution building
subject: technical assistance
subject: market information
subject: Armenia
subject: Serbia
subject: Montenegro
subject: Bosnia and Hercegovina

description: This paper examines the role of international technical assistance in building the institutions critical to the success of market reform in the Transition Economies. While there have been many successful grass roots projects aimed at helping individual firms or associations compete in the market, projects aimed at institution building (credit markets, market information, agricultural extension, food safety and animal health regulations, etc.) are not always so successful. These projects succeed only when the recipient Government truly buys into the project and is willing to commit its own resources. These services tend to be public goods, so attempts on the part of donors to bypass Government institutions and privatize these activities are usually not sustainable.
Additional file 1 of Bacillus CotA laccase improved the intestinal health, amino acid metabolism and hepatic metabolic capacity of Pekin ducks fed naturally contaminated AFB1 diet
Creators: name: Ma, Mingxin
name: Wang, Qianqian
name: Liu, Yanrong
name: Li, Guiming
name: Liu, Limeng
name: Wang, Gaigai
name: Guo, Yongpeng
name: Huang, Shimeng
name: Ma, Qiugang
name: Ji, Cheng
name: Zhao, Lihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 The determined levels of AFB1 in diets; Table S2 Sequences and product sizes of primers for target genes.
Perspectives for Strong Artificial Life
Creators: name: Rennard, J. -Ph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0

description: This text introduces the twin deadlocks of strong artificial life. Conceptualization of life is a deadlock both because of the existence of a continuum between the inert and the living, and because we only know one instance of life. Computationalism is a second deadlock since it remains a matter of faith. Nevertheless, artificial life realizations quickly progress and recent constructions embed an always growing set of the intuitive properties of life. This growing gap between theory and realizations should sooner or later crystallize in some kind of paradigm shift and then give clues to break the twin deadlocks.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
title: Interventions infirmières aux adolescents ayant vécu un traumatisme cranio-cérébral en fonction de leur qualité de vie perçue
title: Interventions infirmières aux adolescents ayant vécu un traumatisme cranio-cérébral en fonction de leur qualité de vie perçue
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Spasojevic, Ana
name: Ferreira Dias, Andreia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: adolescents
subject: famille
subject: perception
subject: qualité de vie
subject: interventions infirmières
subject: hesav TB SI

description: Problématique : Un traumatisme cranio-cérébral dans l’enfance mène à des séquelles permanentes tout au long de la vie portant un impact sur la dynamique familiale. Par ailleurs, les séquelles vécues dans l’adolescence sont perçues différemment car la période de développement est une transition critique dans la vie menant à des changements physiques et psychiques importants. Objectif : Explorer les perceptions des adolescents ayant vécu un traumatisme cranio-cérébral dans l’enfance afin d’amener un accompagnement infirmier plus spécifique à cette population. Méthode : Huit articles ont été sélectionnés à l’aide des bases de données CINHAL et Pubmed pour répondre à la question de recherche. Le cadre théorique de McGill a été employé dans le but de comparer et de structurer les résultats. Résultats : Cinq concepts ont été traités en vue d’apporter un accompagnement infirmier ciblé. Ces thématiques mettent en avant l’importance de la collaboration, des connaissances de la part des professionnels et l’impact social vécu par ces jeunes. Discussion : Les conséquences bio-psycho-sociales affectent la qualité de vie de la personne/famille. L’impact de ces séquelles joue un rôle majeur sur le retrait social des adolescents. L’actualisation des connaissances, l’information à la société et surtout aux établissements scolaires ainsi que la personnalisation des soins conduisent à de nouvelles réflexions dans la pratique infirmière. Conclusion : Les infirmiers possèdent les compétences pour fournir des informations et faciliter le partage des connaissances aux individus. Les adolescents et leurs familles développent ainsi avec leurs propres ressources des compétences afin d’améliorer leur qualité de vie.
Changes in the Romanian farm structures during transition - evolution and main determinants
Creators: name: Turtoi, Crina Sinziana
name: Toma, Camelia
name: Gavrilescu, Camelia
name: Turtoi, Crina Sinziana
name: Toma, Camelia
name: Gavrilescu, Camelia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: agricultural structures
subject: land consolidation
subject: Romania

description: In Romania, farm restructuring is an ongoing process, largely conditioned by the legal framework that accompanied the land reform during the transition period. After 1990, Romanian agriculture experienced critical shifts in farming structures, reflected also in the production ones. While arable land represents 63% of the UAA, a restrictive production factor in developing a competitive agriculture resides in the fact that 61.7% of total arable land is utilized in excessively fragmented family farms - 14303 thousands plots. This is seriously hampering family farms' productivity, if we take into account that they are producing an estimated 74% of the total crop output of the sector level (2004). Under the present conditions, the agricultural producers act under two major objective restrictions: (i) integration of the Romanian agriculture into European structures, under the implementation of the 2007-2013 CAP reform; (ii) the relative low possibilities for backing up the financial support received through different EU-funded programs. The present study tries to assess the evolution of the Romanian farm structures during transition, together with the policies aiming to land ownership and consolidation, by analysing the main determinants of the changes, the expectations, the successes and failures, as well as to appraise the problems encumbering the further restructuring process, given the need for successfully competing in the EU Single Market.
title: Antimicrobial ZnO Nanoparticle–Doped Polyvinyl Alcohol/Pluronic Blends as Active Food Packaging Films
Creators: name: Amin, Khaled M.
name: Partila, Abir M.
name: Abd El‐Rehim, Hassan A.
name: Deghiedy, Noha M.
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: Today, plastic waste has been highlighted as one of the greatest threats to the environment. These environmental concerns and the increased necessity for safe food packaging have inspired scientists to focus on the development of active biodegradable materials. Herein, a novel poly(vinyl alcohol)/pluronic/ZnO nanocomposite film (PVA/PLUR/ZnO) is introduced as an active packaging material with enhanced antimicrobial activity. Gamma irradiation is used as a “green” route to prepare ZnO nanoparticles via a polymer pyrolysis method. The as‐prepared ecofriendly ZnO nanoparticles are characterized and incorporated into the PVA/PLUR matrix in different concentrations. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements prove that ZnO nanoparticles have a mean particle size of 30 nm with a spherical‐like morphology. Morphological and structural characterization confirm the successful incorporation of ZnO into the PVA/PLUR matrix, which in turn enhances the thermal and barrier properties of PVA/PLUR/ZnO nanocomposite films. On the other hand, the opacity of blends is increased. The PVA/PLUR/ZnO composites exhibit broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative bacterial pathogens, and fungi, and the activity increases with increasing concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles. These results introduce PVA/PLUR/ZnO films as effective antimicrobial materials for active food‐packaging applications.
Decoherence in elastic and polaronic transport via discrete quantum states
Creators: name: Walczak, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we study the effect of decoherence on elastic and polaronic transport via discrete quantum states. The calculations are performed with the help of nonperturbative computational scheme, based on the Green's function theory within the framework of polaron transformation (GFT-PT), where the many-body electron-phonon interaction problem is mapped exactly into a single-electron multi-channel scattering problem. In particular, the influence of dephasing and relaxation processes on the shape of the electrical current and shot noise curves is discussed in detail under the linear and nonlinear transport conditions.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Self-assembly in soft matter with multiple length scales
Creators: name: Scacchi, Alberto
name: Nikkhah, Sousa Javan
name: Sammalkorpi, Maria
name: Ala-Nissila, Tapio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous self-assembly in molecular systems is a fundamental route to both biological and engineered soft matter. Simple micellisation, emulsion formation, and polymer mixing principles are well understood. However, the principles behind emergence of structures with competing length scales in soft matter systems remain an open question. Examples include the droplet-inside-droplet assembly in many biomacromolecular systems undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation, analogous multiple emulsion formation in oil-surfactant-water formulations, and polymer core-shell particles with internal structure. We develop here a microscopic theoretical model based on effective interactions between the constituents of a soft matter system to explain self-organization both at single and multiple length scales. The model identifies how spatial ordering at multiple length scales emerges due to competing interactions between the system components, e.g. molecules of different sizes and different chemical properties. As an example of single and multiple-length-scale assembly, we map out a generic phase diagram for a solution with two solute species differing in their mutual and solvent interactions. By performing molecular simulations on a block-copolymer system, we further demonstrate how the phase diagram can be connected to a molecular system that has a transition from regular single-core polymer particles to multi-core aggregates that exhibit multiple structural length scales. The findings provide guidelines to understanding the length scales rising spontaneously in biological self-assembly, but also open new venues to the development and engineering of biomolecular and polymeric functional materials.
description: 4 figures, 10 pages
Fewer Mocks and Less Noise: Reducing the Dimensionality of Cosmological Observables with Subspace Projections
Creators: name: Philcox, Oliver H. E.
name: Ivanov, Mikhail M.
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
name: Simonovic, Marko
name: Schmittfull, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Creating accurate and low-noise covariance matrices represents a formidable challenge in modern-day cosmology. We present a formalism to compress arbitrary observables into a small number of bins by projection into a model-specific subspace that minimizes the prior-averaged log-likelihood error. The lower dimensionality leads to a dramatic reduction in covariance matrix noise, significantly reducing the number of mocks that need to be computed. Given a theory model, a set of priors, and a simple model of the covariance, our method works by using singular value decompositions to construct a basis for the observable that is close to Euclidean; by restricting to the first few basis vectors, we can capture almost all the constraining power in a lower-dimensional subspace. Unlike conventional approaches, the method can be tailored for specific analyses and captures non-linearities that are not present in the Fisher matrix, ensuring that the full likelihood can be reproduced. The procedure is validated with full-shape analyses of power spectra from BOSS DR12 mock catalogs, showing that the 96-bin power spectra can be replaced by 12 subspace coefficients without biasing the output cosmology; this allows for accurate parameter inference using only $\sim 100$ mocks. Such decompositions facilitate accurate testing of power spectrum covariances; for the largest BOSS data chunk, we find that: (a) analytic covariances provide accurate models (with or without trispectrum terms); and (b) using the sample covariance from the MultiDark-Patchy mocks incurs a $\sim 0.5σ$ shift in $Ω_m$, unless the subspace projection is applied. The method is easily extended to higher order statistics; the $\sim 2000$-bin bispectrum can be compressed into only $\sim 10$ coefficients, allowing for accurate analyses using few mocks and without having to increase the bin sizes.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Im Bunde mit Jesus Christus, dem Leben der Welt, für Gerechtigkeit, Frieden und Bewahrung der Schöpfung
Creators: name: Duchrow, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (1984): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 33, Heft 1
Multiple Testing and Error Control in Gaussian Graphical Model Selection
Creators: name: Drton, Mathias
name: Perlman, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Graphical models provide a framework for exploration of multivariate dependence patterns. The connection between graph and statistical model is made by identifying the vertices of the graph with the observed variables and translating the pattern of edges in the graph into a pattern of conditional independences that is imposed on the variables' joint distribution. Focusing on Gaussian models, we review classical graphical models. For these models the defining conditional independences are equivalent to vanishing of certain (partial) correlation coefficients associated with individual edges that are absent from the graph. Hence, Gaussian graphical model selection can be performed by multiple testing of hypotheses about vanishing (partial) correlation coefficients. We show and exemplify how this approach allows one to perform model selection while controlling error rates for incorrect edge inclusion.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/088342307000000113 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Radiation Reaction for Non-Spinning Bodies at 4.5PN in the Effective Field Theory Approach
Creators: name: Leibovich, Adam K.
name: Pardo, Brian A.
name: Yang, Zixin
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023

description: We calculate the 2 post-Newtonian correction to the radiation reaction acceleration for non-spinning binary systems, which amounts to the 4.5 post-Newtonian correction to Newtonian acceleration. The calculation is carried out completely using the effective field theory approach. The center-of-mass corrections to the results are complicated and are discussed in detail. Non-trivial consistency checks are performed and we compare with corresponding results in the literature. Analytic results are supplied in the supplementary materials.
Perturbative RG analysis of the condensate dependence of the axial anomaly in the three flavor linear sigma model
Creators: name: Fejos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling of `t Hooft's determinant term is investigated in the framework of the three flavor linear sigma model as a function of the chiral condensate. Using perturbation theory around the minimum point of the effective action, we calculate the renormalization group flow of the first field dependent correction to the coupling of the conventional U_A(1) breaking determinant term. It is found that at low temperatures mesonic fluctuations make the anomaly increase when the chiral condensate decreases. As an application, we analyze the effect at the zero temperature nuclear liquid-gas transition.
description: 10 pages, no figures, matches published version
title: Seatbelt Usage in Kentucky
title: [Jan. 1978]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Barclay, Michael M.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: In this report, the effectiveness and usage of seatbelts by Kentucky motorists and factors affecting usage are examined and identified. Data were obtained from three sources: field observations, accident reports, and a questionnaire.  Kentucky drivers and passengers were found to have lower seatbelt usage rates (slightly under 10 percent) than drivers and passengers in other states. The accident data showed that the chances of being killed or severely injured is greatly reduced by wearing a seatbelt. Seatbelts reduced the chance of being killed by a factor of six and the chance of being severely injured by a factor of two. Several factors were found to have significant effects on seatbelt usage. Among other factors, usage was higher among drivers over 25 years of age, in newer cars, on interstates and parkways, in large cities, in out-of-state cars, and among drivers with a college education. Records of drivers who wear seatbelts were found to be better than records of those who do not wear seatbelts. It was found that approximately one-third of the drivers were in favor, one-third were neutral, and one-third were against a mandatory, seatbelt usage law.
Characteristics of Kentucky Drivers
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The characteristics of the driver population in Kentucky were examined and related to their driving record. Also, the characteristics of high-risk drivers were determined and compared to the driver population. Accident records and responses to a questionnaire distributed to a random sample of the driver population and to high-risk drivers were the data source for the study.  Frequency of accidents was found to be much higher among males than it was among females and was highest among teenage drivers. However, females had a higher accident rate. Teenage drivers had the highest accident rate. The rate decreased for middle-aged drivers and then increased again among older drivers. In contrast, the fatal accident rate for males was almost twice that for females. Young drivers and males tended to have more single-vehicle accidents while older drivers and females were involved in more rear-end- and angle-type accidents. Unsafe speed and alcohol involvement were listed as contributing factors in accidents more often for young drivers and males. Failure to yield was listed more often for accidents involving older drivers and females. A direct relationship was found between the number of traffic violations a driver receives and frequency of accident involvement. Definite relationships were found between driver record and several variables such as experience, amount of driving, and population of city of residence. The major differences between high-risk drivers and the driver population was that high-risk drivers had a much higher proportion of young drivers and male drivers. Opinions from a sample of drivers were obtained on several questions pertaining to traffic safety such as the 55 mph (24.6 m/s) speed limit and mandatory seatbelt usage.
XMM-Newton and VLT observations of the afterglow of GRB040827
Creators: name: De Luca, A.
name: Melandri, A.
name: Caraveo, P. A.
name: Gotz, D.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Campana, S.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Covino, S.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: Fernandez-Soto, A.
name: Fugazza, D.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Stella, L.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of the Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 040827 was observed with XMM-Newton and with the ESO/VLT starting ~6 and ~12 hours after the burst, respectively. A fading X-ray afterglow is clearly detected with the XMM-Newton/EPIC instrument, with a time decay t^(-delta), with delta=1.41+/-0.10. Its spectrum is well described by a power law (photon index Gamma=2.3+/-0.1) affected by an absorption largely exceeding (by a factor ~5) the expected Galactic one, requiring the contribution of an intrinsic, redshifted absorber. In the optical/NIR range, the afterglow emission was observed in the Ks band, as a weak source superimposed to the host galaxy, with magnitude Ks=19.44+/-0.13 (12 hours after the GRB, contribution from the host subtracted); in other bands the flux is dominated by the host galaxy. Coupling constraints derived from X-ray spectral fitting and from photometry of the host, we estimated a gas column density in the range (0.4-2.6)x10^22 cm^-2 in the GRB host galaxy, likely located at a redshift 0.5
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 1 of Inflammation scores based on C-reactive protein and albumin predict mortality in hospitalized older patients independent of the admission diagnosis
Creators: name: Di Rosa, Mirko
name: Sabbatinelli, Jacopo
name: Giuliani, Angelica
name: Carella, Miriam
name: Magro, Daniele
name: Biscetti, Leonardo
name: Soraci, Luca
name: Spannella, Francesco
name: Fedecostante, Massimiliano
name: Lenci, Federica
name: Tortato, Elena
name: Pimpini, Lorenzo
name: Burattini, Maurizio
name: Cecchini, Sara
name: Cherubini, Antonio
name: Bonfigli, Anna Rita
name: Capalbo, Maria
name: Procopio, Antonio Domenico
name: Balistreri, Carmela Rita
name: Olivieri, Fabiola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Superconductivity in the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ kagome metal KV$_3$Sb$_5$
Creators: name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Sarte, Paul M.
name: Kenney, Eric
name: Teicher, Samuel M. L.
name: Seshadri, Ram
name: Graf, Michael J.
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the observation of bulk superconductivity in single crystals of the two-dimensional kagome metal KV$_3$Sb$_5$. Magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, and heat capacity measurements reveal superconductivity below $T_c = 0.93$K, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations further characterize the normal state as a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological metal. Our results demonstrate that the recent observation of superconductivity within the related kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ is likely a common feature across the AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A: K, Rb, Cs) family of compounds and establish them as a rich arena for studying the interplay between bulk superconductivity, topological surface states, and likely electronic density wave order in an exfoliable kagome lattice.
The peculiar Ca-rich SN 2019ehk: Evidence for a Type IIb core-collapse supernova from a low mass stripped progenitor
Creators: name: De, Kishalay
name: Fremling, U. Christoffer
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Yaron, Ofer
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the peculiar `Ca-rich' SN 2019ehk in the nearby galaxy M100 remains unclear. Its origin has been debated as either a stripped core-collapse supernova or a thermonuclear helium detonation event. Here, we present very late-time photometry of the transient obtained with the Keck I telescope at $\approx280$ days from peak light. Using the photometry to perform accurate flux calibration of a contemporaneous nebular phase spectrum, we measure an [O I] luminosity of $(0.19-1.08)\times10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$ and [Ca II] luminosity of $(2.7-15.6)\times10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$ over the range of the uncertain extinction along the line of sight. We use these measurements to derive lower limits on the synthesized oxygen mass of $\approx0.004-0.069$ M$_\odot$. The oxygen mass is a sensitive tracer of the progenitor mass for core-collapse supernovae, and our estimate is consistent with explosions of very low mass CO cores of $1.45-1.5$ M$_\odot$, corresponding to He core masses of $\approx1.8-2.0$ M$_\odot$. We present high quality peak light optical spectra of the transient and highlight features of hydrogen in both the early (`flash') and photospheric phase spectra, that suggest the presence of $\gtrsim0.02$ M$_\odot$ of hydrogen in the progenitor at the time of explosion. The presence of H, together with the large [Ca II]/[O I] ratio ($\approx10-15$) in the nebular phase is consistent with SN 2019ehk being a Type IIb core-collapse supernova from a stripped low mass ($\approx9-9.5$ M$_\odot$) progenitor, similar to the Ca-rich SN IIb iPTF 15eqv. These results provide evidence for a likely class of `Ca-rich' core-collapse supernovae from stripped low mass progenitors in star forming environments, distinct from the thermonuclear Ca-rich gap transients in old environments.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Sum rules & Tauberian theorems at finite temperature
Creators: name: Marchetto, Enrico
name: Miscioscia, Alessio
name: Pomoni, Elli
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: field theory, conformal
operator product expansion
sum rule
finite temperature
two-point function
density
gap

description: We study CFTs at finite temperature and derive explicit sum rules for one- point functions of operators by imposing the KMS condition. In the case of a large gap between light and heavy operators, we explicitly compute one-point functions for light operators. Turning to heavy operators we employ Tauberian theorems and compute the asymptotic OPE density for heavy operators, from which we extract the leading terms of the OPE coefficients associated with heavy operators. Furthermore, we approximate and establish bounds for the two-point functions.
Medium-modified Casimir forces
Creators: name: Tomas, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the results for the vacuum forces on a slab and on an atom embedded in a magnetodielectric medium near a mirror, obtained using a recently suggested Lorentz-force approach to the Casimir effect, are equivalent to the corresponding results obtained in a traditional way. We also derive a general expression for the atom-atom force in a medium and extend a few classical results concerning this force in vacuum and dielectrics to magnetodielectric systems. This, for example, reveals that the (repulsive) interaction between atoms of different polarizability type is at small distances unaffected by a (weakly polarizable) medium.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, reinterpreted and revised
Generalized slowing in demented and cognitively-impaired-not-demented individuals
Creators: name: Peters, Kevin Ross
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether a widely accepted theory of normal cognitive aging can explain cognitive deficits in two groups of individuals with cognitive impairment. To answer this question, the Generalized Slowing Hypothesis (Birren, 1974; Cerrella, Poon, & Williams, 1980; Salthouse, 1980), which is that ageassociated declines in high-level cognition are mediated by reductions in processing speed, was examined in 16 dementia (M age = 69; SD = 13.01) and 35 Cognitively-Impaired-Not- Demented (CIND) patients (M age = 64; SD = 9.65). Participants were recruited from the Clinic for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders at the University of British Columbia Hospital. The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) were used as measures of high-level cognition. Processing speed was measured by three tests, each of which has been demonstrated to represent unique components of processing speed: Finger Tapping, Simple Reaction, and Card Sorting (Graf & Uttl, 1995). Hierarchical regression analyses were performed in order to determine the ability of age to predict performance on the CVLT and ROCF before and after statistically controlling for the influence due to the three measures of processing speed. The results obtained in this investigation did not provide support for generalized slowing of processing in these two patient groups. The attenuation in the ability of age to predict performance after partialling out the influence due to processing speed was above 60% only for the performance of the CIND group on the CVLT, which is slightly lower than the lowest magnitude of attentuation previously reported in healthy adults. The attenuation in the predictive ability of age for performance on the ROCF was only 43% in the CIND group, and it was only 27% for the performance on the CVLT in the dementia group. These findings, although preliminary, suggest that the cognitive deficits of dementia and CIND patients are not merely the consequence of an acceleration of normal aging. Clearly, more research, with larger sample sizes, needs to be conducted to examine the tenability of generalized slowing in these two patient groups.