cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minisuperspace Quantization of "Bubbling AdS" and Free Fermion Droplets
Creators: name: Grant, Lars
name: Maoz, Liat
name: Marsano, Joseph
name: Papadodimas, Kyriakos
name: Rychkov, Vyacheslav S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantize the space of 1/2 BPS configurations of Type IIB SUGRA found by Lin, Lunin and Maldacena (hep-th/0409174), directly in supergravity. We use the Crnkovic-Witten-Zuckerman covariant quantization method to write down the expression for the symplectic structure on this entire space of solutions. We find the symplectic form explicitly around AdS_5 x S^5 and obtain a U(1) Kac-Moody algebra, in precise agreement with the quantization of a system of N free fermions in a harmonic oscillator potential, as expected from AdS/CFT. As a cross check, we also perform the quantization around AdS_5 x S^5 by another method, using the known spectrum of physical perturbations around this background and find precise agreement with our previous calculation.
description: 22 Pages + 2 Appendices, JHEP3; v3: explanation of factor 2 mismatch added, references reordered, published version
Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation for Local Leakage Faults
Creators: name: Aliferis, Panos
name: Terhal, Barbara M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a rigorous analysis of fault-tolerant quantum computation in the presence of local leakage faults. We show that one can systematically deal with leakage by using appropriate leakage-reduction units such as quantum teleportation. The leakage noise is described by a Hamiltonian and the noise is treated coherently, similar to general non-Markovian noise analyzed in Refs. quant-ph/0402104 and quant-ph/0504218. We describe ways to limit the use of leakage-reduction units while keeping the quantum circuits fault-tolerant and we also discuss how leakage reduction by teleportation is naturally achieved in measurement-based computation.
description: 19 pages Latex with 8 figures. v2 has some added references. v3 has an additional discussion. v4 is a compact version of the preceding ones
Survey and mapping of urban and peri-urban soils and assessment of their ecosystem services in the municipaly of Forlì (NE Italy)
Creators: name: Ungaro, Fabrizio
name: Tarocco, Paola
name: Calzolari, Costanza
name: Aprea, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Urban Soils
Ecosystem services
Urban planning

description: Urban developers and planners rarely pay proper attention to the quality of urban soils, to their multiple functions and to the supply of ecosystem services to the citizens. The purpose of this work is to contribute to raising awareness about the role of soil in the built-up environment, to provide tools to assess and map urban soils ecosystem services and to highlight the possibility of integrating soil knowledge into urban planning.

Between 2022 and 2023, the urban soils of Forlì (NE Italy), were surveyed, sampled, analyzed, and mapped over an area of ca. 5700 ha, 2820 of which sealed. The outcomes of the survey allowed the integration of the existing knowledge about soils and land use with the urban plan and provided the basis to produce a 1:5,000 map of urban soils.  Soil data (textural fractions, pH, organic carbon content) were interpolated over the entire case study area providing the inputs for locally calibrated pedotransfer functions whose outputs were used to assess a set of seven indicators of soil ecosystem services (SES) potential supply: soil biodiversity, buffer capacity, carbon storage, agricultural production, biomass production, water regulation, and water storage. Maps of the seven ecosystem services at a 25m resolution were complemented with an overall urban soil quality map based the combinations of four different SES indicators. Results show that for several services, hotspots occur not only in the peri urban agricultural areas but also in unsealed soils within the urban fabric, and that different soils provide high quality services in diverse constellation depending on soil characteristics and degree of sealing. 

This approach can contribute to making soils and their ecosystem services an integral part of the urban planning process, and to integrating soil knowledge on the process of urbanization.
Self-trapping phenomenon in (2+1)-dimensional quantum electrodynamics and its application to high-T_c cuprates with Neel ordering
Creators: name: Morinari, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong coupling effect in the (2+1)-dimensional quantum electrodynamics (QED_3) description of the $S=1/2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet is studied in terms of a canonical transformation which has been used in the small polaron theory in electron-phonon systems. In the N{\' e}el ordered phase, we show that the Dirac fermions are localized and the spectral function is of the Gaussian form due to the coupling to the longitudinal gauge field. The width of the broad line shape is \sim 4J with J the superexchange interaction energy and the localization length is sim 3a, with a the lattice constant.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; included details of the derivation of the Maxwell term, corrected some numerical errors, and added references
Threshold phenomena in erosion driven by subsurface flow
Creators: name: Lobkovsky, Alexander E.
name: Jensen, Bill
name: Kudrolli, Arshad
name: Rothman, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study channelization and slope destabilization driven by subsurface (groundwater) flow in a laboratory experiment. The pressure of the water entering the sandpile from below as well as the slope of the sandpile are varied. We present quantitative understanding of the three modes of sediment mobilization in this experiment: surface erosion, fluidization, and slumping. The onset of erosion is controlled not only by shear stresses caused by surfical flows, but also hydrodynamic stresses deriving from subsurface flows. These additional forces require modification of the critical Shields criterion. Whereas surface flows alone can mobilize surface grains only when the water flux exceeds a threshold, subsurface flows cause this threshold to vanish at slopes steeper than a critical angle substantially smaller than the maximum angle of stability. Slopes above this critical angle are unstable to channelization by any amount of fluid reaching the surface.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
On integrability of the vector short pulse equation
Creators: name: Sakovich, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the Painleve analysis preceded by appropriate transformations of nonlinear systems under investigation, we discover two new cases in which the Pietrzyk-Kanattsikov-Bandelow vector short pulse equation must be integrable due to the results of the Painleve test. Those cases are technologically important because they correspond to the propagation of polarized ultra-short light pulses in usual isotropic silica optical fibers.
description: 10 pages
Screening of Dirac flavor structure in the seesaw and neutrino mixing
Creators: name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Schmidt, Michael A.
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the mechanism of screening of the Dirac flavor structure in the context of the double seesaw mechanism. As a consequence of screening, the structure of the light neutrino mass matrix, m_ν, is determined essentially by the structure of the (Majorana) mass matrix, M_S, of new super-heavy (Planck scale) neutral fermions S. We calculate effects of the renormalization group running in order to investigate the stability of the screening mechanism with respect to radiative corrections. We find that screening is stable in the supersymmetric case, whereas in the standard model it is unstable for certain structures of M_S. The screening mechanism allows us to reconcile the (approximate) quark-lepton symmetry and the strong difference of the mixing patterns in the quark and lepton sectors. It opens new possibilities to explain a quasi-degenerate neutrino mass spectrum, special ``neutrino'' symmetries and quark-lepton complementarity. Screening can emerge from certain flavor symmetries or Grand Unification.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures; references added, discussion of the E6 model modified
Casimir-like tunneling-induced electronic forces
Creators: name: Procopio, Lorenzo M.
name: Villarreal, Carlos
name: Mochán, W. Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum forces that act between two nearby conductors due to electronic tunneling. We derive an expression for these forces by calculating the flux of momentum arising from the overlap of evanescent electronic fields. Our result is written in terms of the electronic reflection amplitudes of the conductors and it has the same structure as Lifshitz's formula for the electromagnetically mediated Casimir forces. We evaluate the tunneling force between two semiinfinite conductors and between two thin films separated by an insulating gap. We discuss some applications of our results.
description: 8 pages, 3 figs, submitted to Proc. of QFEXT'05, to be published in J. Phys. A
Spatially Selective and Reversible Doping Control in Cuprate Films
Creators: name: Oh, Seongshik
name: Bonetti, Joseph A.
name: Inderhees, Kevin
name: Van Harlingen, D. J.
name: Eckstein, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a reversible, spatially-controlled doping method for cuprate films. The technique has been used to create superconductor-antiferromagnetic insulator-superconductor (S-AFI-S) junctions and optimally doped superconductor-underdoped superconductor-optimally doped superconductor (OS-US-OS) cuprate structures. We demonstrate how the S-AFI-S structure can be employed to reliably measure the transport properties of the antiferromagnetic insulator region at cryogenic temperatures using the superconductors as seamless electrical leads. We also discuss applied and fundamental issues which may be addressed with the structures created with this doping method. Although it is implemented on a cuprate film (YBa2Cu3O7-delta) in this work, the method can also be applied to any mixed-valence transition metal oxide whose physical properties are determined by oxygen content.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
title: Systematische Übersichtsarbeiten mit Hilfe von Embase und PICO
Creators: name: Elsevier
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Systematische Übersichtsarbeiten sind Forschungsergebnisse, die sich mit der Wirksamkeit von Interventionen zur Prävention, Behandlung und Rehabilitation befassen. Generelles Ziel ist es, die weltweit vorhandenen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu der jeweiligen medizinischen Fragestellung[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Optical implementations, oracle equivalence, and the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm
Creators: name: Arvind
name: Kaur, Gurpreet
name: Narang, Geetu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new implementation of the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm which relies on the fact that the polarization states of classical light beams can be cloned. We explore the possibility of computing with waves and discuss a classical optical model capable of implementing any algorithm (on $n$ qubits) that does not involve entanglement. The Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm (with a suitably modified oracle), wherein a hidden $n$ bit vector is discovered by one oracle query as against $n$ oracle queries required classically, belongs to this category. In our scheme, the modified oracle is also capable of computing $f(x)$ for a given $x$, which is not possible with earlier versions used in recent NMR and optics implementations of the algorithm.
description: Published version reference added
title: Lernen ist gut, verstehen ist besser: via medici
Creators: name: Thieme
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die Lernwelt via medici umfasst vielfältige Inhalte und Funktionen, um Medizinstudierende bestmöglich in allen Abschnitten ihres Studiums zu unterstützen: knapp 2.000 Lernmodule, mehr als 30.000 original IMPP Fragen, über 100 Lehrbücher inklusive des PROMETHEUS LernAtlas der[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Structural and Financial Characteristics of U.S. Farms, 1990: 15th Annual Family Farm Report to Congress
Creators: name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Bentley, Susan E.
name: Reimund, Donn A.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Bentley, Susan E.
name: Reimund, Donn A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Farm structure
subject: land base and use
subject: farm financial situation
subject: farm operator household income

description: About 1.8 million farms operated 1 billion acres of land in the contiguous United States in 1990, according to the Farm Costs and Returns Survey (FCRS) from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The average acreage operated was 588 acres per reporting farm, and gross farm sales averaged $63,200. Gross cash farm income totaled $121.4 billion in 1990, with 48 percent from livestock and poultry sales, 41 percent from crop sales, 5 percent from government payments, and 6 percent from other farm-related income. This report introduces a new reporting format that will provide annual data on the major structural and financial characteristics of the farm sector as portrayed by the FCRS. Annual farm structural data are not available from any other national data source.
title: Know Your Ovid – better using the resources, which your users are looking for
Creators: name: Wolters Kluwer
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Ovid offers a market-leading research platform, with premium aggregated content and productivity tools, which makes it easier for your users to search and retrieve the latest in medical research. By partnering with more than 150 information producers, we provide a selection of current, premium resources.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Time-resolved optical conductivity and Higgs oscillations in two-band dirty superconductors
Creators: name: Haenel, Rafael
name: Froese, Paul
name: Manske, Dirk
name: Schwarz, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have emphasized the importance of impurity scattering for the optical Higgs response of superconductors. In the dirty limit, an additional paramagnetic coupling of light to the superconducting condensate arises which drastically enhances excitation. So far, most work concentrated on the periodic driving with light, where the third-harmonic generation response of the Higgs mode was shown to be enhanced. In this work, we additionally calculate the time-resolved optical conductivity of single- and two-band superconductors in a two-pulse quench-probe setup, where we find good agreement with existing experimental results. We use the Mattis-Bardeen approach to incorporate impurity scattering and calculate explicitly the time-evolution of the system. Calculations are performed both in a diagrammatic picture derived from an effective action formalism and within a time-dependent density matrix formalism.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures, minor issues fixed
title: Management von eRessourcen – Der Weg zum Volltext mit HAN
Creators: name: H+H Software GmbH
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die Einbindung von digitalen Informationsquellen in Form von elektronischen Zeitschriften oder Onlinedatenbanken und eBooks (eRessourcen) stellt Bibliotheken und Informationsanbieter vor eine neue Situation: nicht mehr Präsenzbestände, sondern weltweit verteilte, kostenpflichtige Quellen im[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Probing Composite Gravity in Colliders
Creators: name: Okui, Takemichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore scenarios in which the graviton is not a fundamental degree of freedom at short distances but merely emerges as an effective degree of freedom at long distances. In general, the scale of such graviton `compositeness', Lambda_g, can only be probed by measuring gravitational forces at short distances, which becomes increasingly difficult and eventually impossible as the distance is reduced. Here, however, we point out that if supersymmetry is an underlying symmetry, the gravitino can be used as an alternative probe to place a limit on Lambda_g in a collider environment, by demonstrating that there is a model-independent relation, Lambda_g > m_{3/2}. In other words, the gravitino knows that gravity is standard at least down to its Compton wavelength, so this can also be viewed as a test of general relativity possible at very short distances. If composite gravity is found first at some Lambda_g, this would imply a model-independent upper bound on m_{3/2}.
description: Some clarifications added. Version published in PRD
The Shape of Galaxy Cluster Dark Matter Haloes: Systematics of Its Imprint on Cluster Gas, and Comparison to Observations
Creators: name: Flores, Ricardo A.
name: Allgood, Brandon
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Buote, David A.
name: Bullock, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We study predictions for galaxy cluster observables that can test the statistics of dark matter halo shapes expected in a flat LCDM universe. We present a simple analytical model for the prediction of cluster-scale X-ray observations, approximating clusters as isothermal systems in hydrostatic equilibrium, and dark matter haloes as ellipsoids with uniform axial ratios. We test the model against high-resolution, hydrodynamic cluster simulations to gauge its reliability. We find that this simple prescription does a good job of predicting the distribution of cluster X-ray ellipticities compared to the simulations as long as one focuses on cluster regions that are less sensitive to recent mergers. Based on this simple model, the distribution of cluster-size halo shapes expected in the concordance LCDM cosmology implies an X-ray ellipticity distribution with a mean of 0.32 +- 0.01 and a scatter of 0.14 +- 0.01 for the mass range (1-4)x10^{14} Msun/h. We find it important to include the mass dependence of halo shape to make comparisons to observational samples that contain many, very massive clusters. We analyse the systematics of four observational samples of cluster ellipticities and find that our results are statistically compatible with observations. In particular, we find remarkably good agreement between two recent ROSAT samples and LCDM predictions that DO NOT include gas cooling. We also test how well our analytical model can predict Sunyaev-Zel'dovich decrement maps and find that it is less successful although still useful; the model does not perform as well as a function of flux level in this case because of the changing triaxiality of dark matter haloes as a function of radial distance. Both this effect and the changing alignment of isodensity shells of dark matter haloes leave an imprint on cluster gas...
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; corrected typo (no result affected) submitted to MNRAS
Models of Forbidden Line Emission Profiles from Axisymmetric Stellar Winds
Creators: name: Ignace, Richard
name: Brimeyer, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of strong infrared forbidden lines have been observed in several evolved Wolf-Rayet star winds, and these are important for deriving metal abundances and testing stellar evolution models. In addition, because these optically thin lines form at large radius in the wind, their resolved profiles carry an imprint of the asymptotic structure of the wind flow. This work presents model forbidden line profile shapes formed in axisymmetric winds. It is well-known that an optically thin emission line formed in a spherical wind expanding at constant velocity yields a flat-topped emission profile shape. Simulated forbidden lines are produced for a model stellar wind with an axisymmetric density distribution that treats the latitudinal ionization self-consistently and examines the influence of the ion stage on the profile shape. The resulting line profiles are symmetric about line centre. Within a given atomic species, profile shapes can vary between centrally peaked, doubly peaked, and approximately flat-topped in appearance depending on the ion stage (relative to the dominant ion) and viewing inclination. Although application to Wolf-Rayet star winds is emphasized, the concepts are also relevant to other classes of hot stars such as luminous blue variables and Be/B[e] stars.
description: To appear in MNRAS
title: Therapieentscheidung leichtgemacht mit Medivers Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie
Creators: name: De Gruyter
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: De Gruyters neues Online-Portal, Medivers Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, bietet eine solide Basis für die Therapieentscheidung. Die infrage kommenden Therapieoptionen für jede Diagnose – operativ und konservativ – werden mit allen relevanten Indikationen und Kontraindikationen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
A Full Review of the Theory of Electromagnetism
Creators: name: Funaro, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will provide detailed arguments showing that the set of Maxwell equations, and the corresponding wave equations, do not properly describe the evolution of electromagnetic wave-fronts. We propose a nonlinear corrected version that is proven to be far more appropriate for the modellization of electromagnetic phenomena. The suitability of this approach will soon be evident to the reader, through a sequence of astonishing congruences, making the model as elegant as Maxwell's, but with increased chances of development. Actually, the new set of equations will allow us to explain many open questions, and find links between electromagnetism and other theories that have been searched for a long time, or not even imagined.
description: 74 pages, 7 figures
Dilatancy of frictional granular materials under oscillatory shear with constant pressure
Creators: name: Ishima, Daisuke
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform numerical simulations of a two-dimensional frictional granular system under oscillatory shear confined by constant pressure. We found that the system undergoes dilatancy as the strain increases. We confirmed that compaction also takes place at an intermediate strain amplitude for a small mutual friction coefficient between particles. We also found that compaction depends on the confinement pressure while dilatancy little depends on the pressure.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Quantum many-body scars with chiral topological order in 2D and critical properties in 1D
Creators: name: Srivatsa, N. S.
name: Wildeboer, Julia
name: Seidel, Alexander
name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct few-body, interacting, nonlocal Hamiltonians with a quantum scar state in an otherwise thermalizing many-body spectrum. In one dimension, the embedded state is a critical state, and in two dimensions, the embedded state is a chiral topologically ordered state. The models are defined on slightly disordered lattices, and the scar state appears independent of the precise realization of the disorder. A parameter allows the scar state to be placed at any position in the spectrum. We show that the level spacing distributions are Wigner-Dyson and that the entanglement entropies of the states in the middle of the spectrum are close to the Page value. Finally, we confirm the topological order in the scar state by showing that one can insert anyons into the state.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Influence of Motility on Bacterial Accumulation in a Microporous Channel
Creators: name: Lee, Miru
name: Lohrmann, Christoph
name: Szuttor, Kai
name: Auradou, Harold
name: Holm, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport of bacteria in a porous media modeled by a square channel containing one cylindrical obstacle via molecular dynamics simulations coupled to a lattice Boltzmann fluid. Our bacteria model is a rod-shaped rigid body which is propelled by a force-free mechanism. To account for the behavior of living bacteria, the model also incorporates a run-and-tumble process. The model bacteria are capable of hydrodynamically interacting with both of the channel walls and the obstacle. This enables the bacteria to get reoriented when experiencing a shear-flow. We demonstrate that this model is capable of reproducing the bacterial accumulation on the rear side of an obstacle, as has recently been experimentally observed by [G. L. Mino, et al., Advances in Microbiology 8, 451 (2018)] using E.coli bacteria. By systematically varying the external flow strength and the motility of the bacteria, we resolve the interplay between the local flow strength and the swimming characteristics that lead to the accumulation. Moreover, by changing the geometry of the channel, we also reveal the important role of the interactions between the bacteria and the confining walls for the accumulation process.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 3 videos, 1 supplementary information
Flavour structure of low-energy hadron pair photoproduction
Creators: name: Odagiri, K.
name: Verma, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the process $γγ\to H_1\bar H_2$ where $H_1$ and $H_2$ are either mesons or baryons. The experimental findings for such quantities as the $p\bar p$ and $K_SK_S$ differential cross sections, in the energy range currently probed, are found often to be in disparity with the scaling behaviour expected from hard constituent scattering. We discuss the long-distance pole--resonance contribution in understanding the origin of these phenomena, as well as the amplitude relations governing the short-distance contribution which we model as a scaling contribution. When considering the latter, we argue that the difference found for the $K_SK_S$ and the $K^+K^-$ integrated cross sections can be attributed to the s-channel isovector component. This corresponds to the $ρω\to a$ subprocess in the VMD (vector-meson-dominance) language. The ratio of the two cross sections is enhanced by the suppression of the $ϕ$ component, and is hence constrained. We give similar constraints to a number of other hadron pair production channels. After writing down the scaling and pole--resonance contributions accordingly, the direct summation of the two contributions is found to reproduce some salient features of the $p\bar p$ and $K^+K^-$ data.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, revised version to be published in EPJC
Percolation for the stable marriage of Poisson and Lebesgue
Creators: name: Freire, Marcelo Ventura
name: Popov, Serguei
name: Vachkovskaia, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05, 60K35

description: Let $Ξ$ be the set of points (we call the elements of $Ξ$ centers) of Poisson process in $\R^d$, $d\geq 2$, with unit intensity. Consider the allocation of $\R^d$ to $Ξ$ which is stable in the sense of Gale-Shapley marriage problem and in which each center claims a region of volume $α\leq 1$. We prove that there is no percolation in the set of claimed sites if $α$ is small enough, and that, for high dimensions, there is percolation in the set of claimed sites if $α<1$ is large enough.
description: revised version (only minor correction since v2), 16 pages, 3 figures
Attention-gating for improved radio galaxy classification
Creators: name: Bowles, Micah
name: Scaife, Anna M. M.
name: Porter, Fiona
name: Tang, Hongming
name: Bastien, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we introduce attention as a state of the art mechanism for classification of radio galaxies using convolutional neural networks. We present an attention-based model that performs on par with previous classifiers while using more than 50% fewer parameters than the next smallest classic CNN application in this field. We demonstrate quantitatively how the selection of normalisation and aggregation methods used in attention-gating can affect the output of individual models, and show that the resulting attention maps can be used to interpret the classification choices made by the model. We observe that the salient regions identified by the our model align well with the regions an expert human classifier would attend to make equivalent classifications. We show that while the selection of normalisation and aggregation may only minimally affect the performance of individual models, it can significantly affect the interpretability of the respective attention maps and by selecting a model which aligns well with how astronomers classify radio sources by eye, a user can employ the model in a more effective manner.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, Published in MNRAS
Landau Damping of Spin Waves in Trapped Boltzmann Gases
Creators: name: Ragan, R. J.
name: Mullin, W. J.
name: Wiita, E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A semiclassical method is used to study Landau damping of transverse pseudo-spin waves in harmonically trapped ultracold gases in the collisionless Boltzmann limit. In this approach, the time evolution of a spin is calculated numerically as it travels in a classical orbit through a spatially dependent mean field. This method reproduces the Landau damping results for spin-waves in unbounded systems obtained with a dielectric formalism. In trapped systems, the simulations indicate that Landau damping occurs for a given spin-wave mode because of resonant phase space trajectories in which spins are "kicked out" of the mode (in spin space). A perturbative analysis of the resonant and nearly resonant trajectories gives the Landau damping rate, which is calculated for the dipole and quadrupole modes as a function of the interaction strength. The results are compared to a numerical solution of the kinetic equation by Nikuni et al.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
การจัดการทางโภชนาการสำหรับการเลี้ยงปลานิล
Creators: name: พิเชต พลายเพชร
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2559
Subjects: ปลานิล, โภชนาการ, ความต้องการสารอาหาร, การให้อาหาร

description: 1, 24, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
ปริมาณสารทุติยภูมิของยอดหัวข้าวเย็น (Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill) ในสภาพปลอดเชื้อที่ระยะเวลาเพาะเลี้ยงต่างกัน
Creators: name: รัชนีวรรณ จิระพงศ์พัฒนา
name: เยาวพา จิระเกียรติกุล
name: ภาณุมาศ ฤทธิไชย
name: ศรีโสภา เรืองหนู
name: อรุณพร อิฐรัตน์
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2559
Subjects: DBS1, หัวข้าวเย็น, สารประกอบฟีนอลิคทั้งหมด, ระยะเวลาเพาะเลี้ยง, สารทุติยภูมิ

description: 1, 24, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Orthorhombic Fddd Network in Diblock Copolymer Melts
Creators: name: Takenaka, Mikihito
name: Wakada, Tsutomu
name: Akasaka, Satoshi
name: Nishitsuji, Shotaro
name: Saijo, Kenji
name: Shimizu, Hirofumi
name: Hasegawa, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time a Fddd network structure is found in a poly(styrene-b-isoprene) (S-I) diblock copolymer melts by using small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscope, as predicted by Tyler et al. by using calculations with self-consistent field theory for diblock copolymer melts. The phase diagram of the S-I exhibits the sequence of Disorder- Fddd-Lamellae with decreasing temperature. The measured unit cell parameters ratios (a,b,c) are (1:2.02:3.46), which agrees with the result of the theoretical calculation.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Ghost Condensation and Gravity in Higgs Phase
Creators: name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tachyon is considered to be sick in the context of particle mechanics, but in field theory just indicates instability of a background. We consider a similar possibility that a ghost in field theory might be just an indication of instability of a background and that it can condense to form a different background around which there is no ghost. We construct a low energy effective field theory based on the derivative expansion around the stable background. Possible applications are discussed, including dark energy, dark matter, inflation and black hole.
description: 4 pages. Talk given at JGRG 14. This complements the final version of hep-th/0502189
การเติบโตและการผลิตรีคอมบิแนนท์เอนไซม์ไฟเตสของยีสต์ Ogataea thermomethanolica
Creators: name: สมพจน์ อันติมานนท์
name: เทพปัญญา เจริญรัตน์
name: กนกกาญจน์ คชรินทร์
name: สุทิพา ธนพงศ์พิพัฒน์
name: นิรันดร์ รุ่งสว่าง
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2559
Subjects: Ogataea thermomethanolica, เอนไซม์ไฟเตส, พีเอชที่เหมาะสม, การเพาะเลี้ยงแบบเฟด-แบทช์

description: 1, 24, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Formation of Stellar Clusters and the Importance of Thermodynamics for Fragmentation
Creators: name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Clark, Paul C.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss results from numerical simulations of star cluster formation in the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM). The thermodynamic behavior of the star-forming gas plays a crucial role in fragmentation and determines the stellar mass function as well as the dynamic properties of the nascent stellar cluster. This holds for star formation in molecular clouds in the solar neighborhood as well as for the formation of the very first stars in the early universe. The thermodynamic state of the ISM is a result of the balance between heating and cooling processes, which in turn are determined by atomic and molecular physics and by chemical abundances. Features in the effective equation of state of the gas, such as a transition from a cooling to a heating regime, define a characteristic mass scale for fragmentation and so set the peak of the initial mass function of stars (IMF). As it is based on fundamental physical quantities and constants, this is an attractive approach to explain the apparent universality of the IMF in the solar neighborhood as well as the transition from purely primordial high-mass star formation to the more normal low-mass mode observed today.
description: 10 pages, invited review, to appear in Dynamical Evolution of Dense Stellar Systems, Proceed. of the IAU Symp. 246 (Capri, Sept. 2007), eds. E.Vesperini, M. Giersz, and A. Sills
Geometry Optimization of Crystals by the Quasi-Independent Curvilinear Coordinate Approximation
Creators: name: Nemeth, Karoly
name: Challacombe, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-independent curvilinear coordinate approximation (QUICCA) method [K. Németh and M. Challacombe, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 121}, 2877, (2004)] is extended to the optimization of crystal structures. We demonstrate that QUICCA is valid under periodic boundary conditions, enabling simultaneous relaxation of the lattice and atomic coordinates, as illustrated by tight optimization of polyethylene, hexagonal boron-nitride, a (10,0) carbon-nanotube, hexagonal ice, quartz and sulfur at the $Γ$-point RPBE/STO-3G level of theory.
description: Submitted to Journal of Chemical Physics on 7/7/05
ผลของสารควบคุมการเจริญเติบโตและชนิดของอาหารสูตร MSต่อการเจริญเติบโตและการพัฒนาของต้นหนอนตายหยาก
Creators: name: นิตยา สุขวรรณา
name: สุภาพร ภัสสร
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2559
Subjects: หนอนตายหยาก, สารควบคุมการเจริญเติบโต, แคลลัส

description: 1, 24, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Can neutron disappearance/reappearance experiments definitively rule out the existence of hidden braneworlds endowed with a copy of the Standard Model?
Creators: name: Coraline, Stasser
name: Sarrazin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many works, aiming to explain the origin of dark matter or dark energy, consider the existence of hidden (brane)worlds parallel to our own visible world - our usual universe - in a multidimensional bulk. Hidden braneworlds allow for hidden copies of the Standard Model. For instance, atoms hidden in a hidden brane could exist as dark matter candidates. As a way to constrain such hypotheses, the possibility for neutron-hidden neutron swapping can be tested thanks to disappearance-reappearance experiments also known as passing-through-walls neutron experiments. The neutron-hidden neutron coupling $g$ can be constrained from those experiments. While $g$ could be arbitrarily small, previous works involving a $M_4 \times R_1$ bulk, with DGP branes, show that $g$ then possesses a value which is reachable experimentally. It is of crucial interest to know if a reachable value for $g$ is universal or not and to estimate its magnitude. Indeed, it would allow, in a near future, to reject definitively - or not - the existence of hidden braneworlds from experiments. In the present paper, we explore this issue by calculating $g$ for DGP branes, for $M_4 \times S_1/Z_2$, $M_4 \times R_2$ and $M_4 \times T^2$ bulks. As a major result, no disappearance-reappearance experiment would definitively universally rules out the existence of hidden worlds endowed with their own copy of Standard Model particles, excepted for specific scenarios with conditions reachable in future experiments.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, final version published in International Journal of Modern Physics A
Second-forbidden nonunique $β^-$ decays of $^{59,60}$Fe: Possible candidates for $g_A$ sensitive electron spectral-shape measurements
Creators: name: Kumar, Anil
name: Srivastava, Praveen C.
name: Suhonen, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a theoretical study of the electron spectral shapes for the second-forbidden nonunique $β^-$-decay transitions $^{59}\textrm{Fe}(3/2^-)\to\,^{59}\textrm{Co}(7/2^-)$ and $^{60}\textrm{Fe}(0^+)\to\,^{60}\textrm{Co}(2^+)$ in the framework of the nuclear shell model. We have computed the involved wave functions by carrying out a complete $0\hbarω$ calculation in the full $fp$ model space using the KB3G and GXPF1A effective interactions. When compared with the available data, these interactions predict the low-energy spectra and electromagnetic properties of the involved nuclei quite successfully. This success paves the way for the computations of the $β$-decay properties, and comparison with the available data. We have computed the electron spectral shapes of the mentioned decay transitions as functions of the value of the weak axial coupling $g_{\rm A}$. By comparing these computed shapes with the measured spectral shapes allows then to extract the effective value of $g_{\rm A}$ for these decay transitions. This procedure, coined the spectrum-shape method (SSM) in several earlier studies, complements the method of determining the value of $g_{\rm A}$ by reproducing the (partial) half-lives of decay transitions. Here we have enhanced the original SSM by constraining the value of the relativistic vector matrix element, $^V\mathcal{M}^{(0)}_{KK-11}$, using the conserved vector-current hypothesis (CVC) as a starting point. We hope that this finding would be a strong incentive to measure the spectral shapes in the future.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures and 6 tables. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal A
ILMIY TADQIQOT FAOLIYATIGA YANGICHA YONDASHUVLAR
Creators: name: Tolipov Abduvoris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Annotatsiya: Maqolada oliy ta’limning magistaratura bosqichida tashkil etiladigan ilmiy tadqiqotlar va ularning metodlari, ilmiy tadqiqot faoliyatini nazariy-metodologik asoslari tahlil etilgan. Unda ilmiy - nazariy bilimlarini shakllantirish jarayonlari, ularni fanlararo o‘zaro dialektik asosda tashkil etishining ahamiyati yoritilgan.
Experimental study of a liquid Xenon PET prototype module
Creators: name: Gallin-Martel, M. -L.
name: Martin, P.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Ballon, J.
name: Barbier, G.
name: Barnoux, C.
name: Berger, J.
name: Bondoux, D.
name: Bourrion, O.
name: Collot, J.
name: Dzahini, D.
name: Foglio, R.
name: Gallin-Martel, L.
name: Garrigue, A.
name: Jan, S.
name: Petit, P.
name: Stassi, P.
name: Vezzu, F.
name: Tournefier, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detector using liquid Xenon in the scintillation mode is studied for Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The specific design aims at taking full advantage of the liquid Xenon properties. It does feature a promising insensitive to any parallax effect. This work reports on the performances of the first LXe prototype module, equipped with a position sensitive PMT operating in the VUV range (178 nm).
description: Proc. of the 7th International Workshops on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID-7), Grenoble, France 4-7 July 2005
Infectious Disease Transmission via Aerosol Propagation from a Molecular Communication Perspective: Shannon Meets Coronavirus
Creators: name: Schurwanz, Max
name: Hoeher, Peter Adam
name: Bhattacharjee, Sunasheer
name: Damrath, Martin
name: Stratmann, Lukas
name: Dressler, Falko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molecular communication is not only able to mimic biological and chemical communication mechanisms, but also provides a theoretical framework for viral infection processes. In this tutorial, aerosol and droplet transmission is modeled as a multiuser scenario with mobile nodes, related to broadcasting and relaying. In contrast to data communication systems, in the application of pathogen-laden aerosol transmission, mutual information between nodes should be minimized. Towards this goal, several countermeasures are reasoned. The findings are supported by experimental results and by an advanced particle simulation tool. This work is inspired by the recent outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, but also applicable to other airborne infectious diseases like influenza.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, submitted to IEEE Communications Magazine for the Feature Topic on "Nano-Networking for Nano-, Micro-, and Macro-Scale Applications"
Dirac Hamiltonian in a supersymmetric framework
Creators: name: Bagchi, Bijan
name: Ghosh, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the most general form of the one-dimensional Dirac Hamiltonian $H_D$ in the presence of scalar and pseudoscalar potentials. To seek embedding of supersymmetry (SUSY) in it, as an alternative procedure to directly employing the intertwining relations, we construct a quasi-Hamiltonian $\mathcal{K}$, defined as the square of $H_D$, to explore the consequences. We show that the diagonal elements of $\mathcal{K}$ under a suitable approximation reflects the presence of a superpotential thus proving a useful guide in unveiling the role of SUSY. For illustrative purpose we apply our scheme to the transformed one-dimensional version of the planar electron Hamiltonian under the influence of a magnetic field. We generate spectral solutions for a class of isochronous potentials.
description: To be published in J. Math. Phys. (2021); 12 pages
Time-bin modulated polarization-entangled biphotons from cavity-enhanced down-conversion
Creators: name: Kuklewicz, Christopher E.
name: Wong, Franco N. C.
name: Shapiro, Jeffrey H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have generated a new type of biphoton state by cavity-enhanced down-conversion in a type-II phase-matched, periodically-poled KTiOPO_4 (PPKTP) crystal. By introducing a weak intracavity birefringence, the polarization-entangled output was modulated between the singlet and triplet states according to the arrival-time difference of the signal and idler photons. This cavity-enhanced biphoton source is spectrally bright, yielding a single-mode fiber-coupled coincidence rate of 0.7 pairs/s per mW of pump power per MHz of down-conversion bandwidth. Its novel biphoton behavior may be utilized in sensitive measurements of weak intracavity birefringence.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures