Rafaelomyia inpa Soares, Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Soares, Matheus M. M.
name: Capellari, Renato S.
name: Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Rafaelomyia
Rafaelomyia inpa

description: Rafaelomyia inpa Soares, Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana sp. nov.
(Figs 1, 2)
Diagnosis (males). Body length 3.8–4.4 mm (Fig. 1A); femora mostly yellow, except dorsal and ventral surfaces of femora I and II darkened, apical 1/3 to 2/3 of femur III brown to dark brown (Fig. 1A); vein R 2+3 not thickened (Fig. 1F); cercus branched, outer branch with inner short, truncated and bare projection near apex (Fig. 2C, D); hypandrium slightly narrowing towards apex, with a short U-shaped concavity at apex (Fig. 2H, I); phallus widening near apex, and abruptly narrowing at apex, with 2 long and narrow acute processes (Fig. 2F, G).
Description. Male (Fig. 1). Body length: 3.8–4.4 mm; wing length: 4.0– 4.3 mm, width: 1.3–1.4 mm (n = 8). Head (Fig. 1A, C, D). Frons trapezoidal, about 3X wider than high, slightly excavated, metallic dark green, covered with silvery pruinosity. Face ground color black, obscured by dense silvery pruinosity; face wider than ocellar tubercle, eyes almost parallel sided. Clypeus rectangular, 2X wider than high, about 1/3 as long as face, with straight edge ending above lower margin of eyes. Palpus oval, short, black, covered with short stout setae and yellowish pruinosity, 1 long and slender seta at base, about 2X longer than palpus. Proboscis brown, labellum with a few short and a few long, sparse yellow setae. Postcranium dark green, covered with weak yellowish gray pruinosity, lower postcranium with 6 long strong setae. Single row of long sparse postocular setae, lowermost longer; pair of strong divergent ocellar setae and 2 pairs of short postocellar setae; pair of strong convergent vertical setae; pair of short paravertical setae, slightly longer than upper-most postocular seta. Antenna dark brown; scape conical, bare; pedicel short, with crown of setae at apex; postpedicel very short, subtriangular, covered with dense yellowish gray pubescence; arista-like stylus dorsoapical, slightly longer than eye height, two-segmented, first segment very short, second segment long, narrowing towards apex, covered with short pubescence. Thorax (Fig. 1A, D). Mesonotum mostly metallic dark green, distinctly flattened at posterior 1/3, covered with yellowish gray pruinosity, except postpronotal lobe and notopleuron covered with silvery pruinosity. Scutellum concolor with mesonotum. Pleura dark gray, with weak greenish reflections, covered with dense silvery pruinosity. Metepimeron dark gray. Chaetotaxy: Pronotum with row of strong setae; anterior 1/6 of mesonotum covered with short setae; acrostichals biseriate, short and slightly offset posteriorly, ending between fourth and fifth posterior dorsocentral setae; 6 pairs of strong dorsocentrals, sixth pair thicker and convergent; 1 presutural, 1 sutural and 1 postsutural intra-alar setae; 2 strong supra-alar setae, 1 positioned between postpronotal lobe and notopleuron and 1 near postalar callus; 1 strong, 1 short and 1 minute postpronotal setae; 2 strong notopleural setae, 1 at middle of lower edge and 1 at posterior margin of notopleuron, slightly shorter than preceding seta; 1 strong postalar seta; scutellum with 1 pair of strong medial scutellar setae and 1 pair of smaller setae laterad, laterad pair about 1/4 as long as medial scutellars; upper-surface of proepisternum with 3 short setae immediately in front of anterior spiracle; lower surface with 1 short and 1 strong setae. Wing (Fig. 1F). Long and narrow, about 3X longer than wide, anal lobe developed; membrane light brown, veins brown. Costa ending at wing apex, at vein M 1; R 1 ending at basal 4/10 of wing; R 2+3 nearly straight; R 4+5 nearly straight, slightly curved posteriorly near apex; M 1 nearly straight and parallel sided with R 4+5; M 4 reaching wing apex; CuA+CuP short, ending at basal 1/4 of cell bm+dm, not reaching wing margin and apically fading; CuAx ratio: 0.5. Lower calypter yellow, except apical margin brown, with long setae; halter yellow, stem darker. Legs (Fig. 1A, B). Mostly brown to dark brown, except lateral surface of coxa I, all trochanters, anterior and posterior surfaces of femora I and II, and basal 1/2 of femur III yellow to dark yellow. Leg I (Fig. 1B). Podomere ratios: 47, 44, 23/9/7/5/4/6. Anterior surface of coxa I covered with vestiture of short setae and weak silvery pruinosity, outer edge with 3 strong setae at apical 1/2, apical edge with 4–5 slender short setae. Femur I covered with short vestiture of setae, except ventral surface mostly bare, with anteroventral row of setae from base to apical 3.5/6, ventral row of long and erect setae from base to apical 3.5/6, about 0.75X as long as width of femur at broadest point, and posteroventral row of setae increasing in length at apical 1/3. Tibia I with 2 strong anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, anterodorsal row of short setae from basal 2/6 to apex, about as long as width of tibia, ventral row of long slender setae from basal 1.5/6 to apex, about 1.5X longer than width of tibia (MSSC), and crown of stout setae at apex: 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 posterior and 1 ventral. Tarsus I: It 1 with posteroventral row of short stout setae from base to apex, slightly longer than width of podomere, ventral surface of It 1–5 mostly bare and covered with weak silvery pruinosity (all MSSC). Leg II. Podomere ratios: 54, 46, 30/16/12/7/6. Anterior surface of coxa II mostly bare, outer edge with 2 long setae, 1 near middle and 1 near apex, inner edge with row of long setae, apical edge with short slender setae. Femur II covered with short vestiture of setae, except ventral surface mostly bare, with antero- and posteroventral rows of slender setae, increasing in length towards apex. Tibia II with 2 stout anterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6 and 3.5/6, 3 short posterodorsal setae at: 1/6, 2/6 and 3/6, 1 ventral seta at 2.5/6, and crown setae at apex: 1 antero- and 1 posterodorsal, 1 dorsal, 1 posteroventral and 1 ventral longer seta (about 1/2 as long as IIt 1). Tarsus II unmodified. Leg III. Podomere ratios: 67, 65, 19/23/16/11/8. Apical edge of coxa III with 1 long seta, lateral surface with 1 long seta near base, about as long as coxa and 1 short slender seta near apex. Femur III covered with short vestiture of setae, except ventral surface mostly bare, with dorsal row of long erect setae at basal 1/2, slightly longer than width of femur at broadest point, 1 long dorsal seta at 4.5/6, 4–5 strong anteroventral setae at apical 1/3 and 1 long posteroventral preapical seta. Tibia III with 4 pairs of long antero- and posterodorsal setae at: 1.5/6, 3/6, 4/6 and apex, 4 ventral setae at: 2.5/6, 3/6, 4/6 and apex (about as long as 1/2 of IIIt 1), and posterodorsal row of short erect setae from 2.5/6 to apex. Tarsus III unmodified. Abdomen (Figs 1A, 2A). Mostly dark brown, with weak greenish reflections. Tergites 1–6 setose, covered with weak silvery pruinosity, tergite 6 with stronger setae at posterior margin. Sternites 1–5 covered with short vestiture of setae, except lateral edges with strong setae. Sternites 1–3 unmodified. Sternite 4 with narrow deep concavity at posterior margin. Sternite 5 divided into two long narrow sclerites. Sternite 6 almost entirely membranous, present as two narrow subtriangular more sclerotized areas, with 1–2 strong setae at anterior margin, close to tergite 6. Segment 7 very short, well sclerotized and ringshaped. Sternite 8 subtriangular, covered with short setae, longer at posterior edge. Hypopygium (Figs 1E, 2B–I). Pale, somewhat triangular, with 1 epandrial seta. Cercus mostly yellow, about as long as epandrial capsule, divided into two branches (Figs 1E, 2B–D). Outer branch of cercus longer, somewhat digitiform, with rounded apex, with inner short, truncated and bare projection near apex, outer surface covered with long strong setae, longer at apex of dorsal edge, apical 1/4 of ventral edge and inner surface covered with a few short, slender yellow setae (Fig. 2C, D). Inner branch of cercus short and slender, narrowing towards apex, about 2/3 as long as outer branch of cercus, dorsal edge covered with short erect setae (Fig. 2C, D). Surstylus somewhat subtriangular, with rounded apex, about 1/2 as long as epandrial capsule, inner edge with 2 strong setae near base and 2 at middle, 1 stout seta at base of ventral edge, followed by row of short slender setae (Fig. 2B, E). Hypandrium slightly curved ventrally and narrowing towards apex, about 2X longer than wide, with short concavity at apex (Fig. 2H, I). Postgonite noose-shaped, surrounding base of phallus, fused to hypandrial arms (Fig. 2F). Phallus longer than epandrial capsule, widening near apex and abruptly narrowing at apex, with 2 long, narrow acute processes (Fig. 2F, G). Ejaculatory apodeme short and somewhat digitiform, well sclerotized, slightly narrowing at apex (Fig. 2F).
Female. Unknown.
Type examined material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Fig. 1A) labelled as: “ PERU: Cusco, Quincemil | Rio Araza, 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″W, 1000 m | 22–26.viii.2012 sweep | JA Rafael, RR Cavichioli ” “HOLOTYPE | Rafaelomyia inpa | Soares, Capellari & Ramos-Pastrana [handwritten in red label]” (MUSM). Holotype condition: Good, not dissected, left wing glued to paper triangle. PARATYPES: Same data as holotype (8 ♂, one dissected, MUSM; 8 ♂, INPA; 7 ♂, MZUSP); same data as holotype, except: 13°20′10″S 70°50′57″W, 874 m, 23–31.viii.2012, malaise, JA Rafael, RR Cavichioli, DM Takiya (1 ♂, dissected, INPA).
Remarks. Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. is remarkably similar to R. uniamazonia sp. nov. in overall habitus but can be differentiated by the smaller body length with 3.8–4.4 mm (Fig. 1A), outer branch of cercus with inner apical projection short and truncated (Fig. 2C, D) and phallus with 2 long and narrow acute processes near apex (Fig. 2F, G) vs body length 6 mm (Fig. 7A), outer branch of cercus with inner apical projection wider and somewhat subtriangular (Fig. 8B, C) and phallus with lobulated processes near apex in R. uniamazonia sp. nov. (Fig. 8E, F).
Etymology. Rafaelomyia inpa sp. nov. is named after the acronym for the National Institute of Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, Brazil (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia), one of the most important scientific research centers studying the Amazon biome. Treated as a noun in apposition. Distribution. The new species is known to occur only from the type locality in Peru (Fig. 13A, C).
description: Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S. & Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, 2023, Rafaelomyia, a remarkable new genus of South American long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae), pp. 151-172 in Zootaxa 5389 (2) on pages 153-157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10406732