cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
UMUMIY O'RTA TA'LIM MAKTABLARIDA SUN'IY INTELLEKT VA RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALARDAN FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Begbo'tayev, Azzam
name: Nomozova, Mohina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Hozir vaqtda sun’iy intellekt (SI) va raqamli texnologiyalar ta’lim sohasida inqilobiy o‘zgarishlar keltirmoqda. Umumiy o‘rta ta’lim maktablarida ushbu texnologiyalardan foydalanish nafaqat hozirgi ta’lim jarayonini yaxshilaydi, balki kelajakda o‘quvchilarni global raqobatbardosh dunyoga tayyorlashda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Ushbu maqolada SI va raqmli texnologiyalarning maktablardagi istiqbollari ko‘rib chiqiladi.
Minimal Agent Based Model for Financial Markets I: Origin and Self-Organization of Stylized Facts
Creators: name: Alfi, V.
name: Cristelli, M.
name: Pietronero, L.
name: Zaccaria, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a minimal Agent Based Model for financial markets to understand the nature and Self-Organization of the Stylized Facts. The model is minimal in the sense that we try to identify the essential ingredients to reproduce the main most important deviations of price time series from a Random Walk behavior. We focus on four essential ingredients: fundamentalist agents which tend to stabilize the market; chartist agents which induce destabilization; analysis of price behavior for the two strategies; herding behavior which governs the possibility of changing strategy. Bubbles and crashes correspond to situations dominated by chartists, while fundamentalists provide a long time stability (on average). The Stylized Facts are shown to correspond to an intermittent behavior which occurs only for a finite value of the number of agents N. Therefore they correspond to finite size effect which, however, can occur at different time scales. We propose a new mechanism for the Self-Organization of this state which is linked to the existence of a threshold for the agents to be active or not active. The feedback between price fluctuations and number of active agents represent a crucial element for this state of Self-Organized-Intermittency. The model can be easily generalized to consider more realistic variants.
Eoophyla nigripilosa Yoshiyasu 1987
Creators: name: Chen, Fuqiang
name: Wu, Chunsheng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Eoophyla
Eoophyla nigripilosa

description: 3.3 The nigripilosa group
Diagnosis (Table 1). The species group has only one eyespot present the outer margin of hindwing. The eyespot has similar size as the gibbosalis group, but smaller than the peribocalis group.
description: Published as part of Chen, Fuqiang & Wu, Chunsheng, 2019, A taxonomic review of the genus Eoophyla Swinhoe, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Acentropinae) from China, pp. 212-239 in Zoological Systematics 44 (3) on page 235, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201925, http://zenodo.org/record/4617778
Trapping Interlayer Excitons in van der Waals Heterostructures by Potential Arrays
Creators: name: Morrow, Darien J.
name: Ma, Xuedan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures can host interlayer excitons (IXs), which consist of electrons and holes spatially separated in different layers. IXs possess permanent dipoles and have proven to offer a wealth of novel physics. We develop a discrete, random-walk model which includes annihilation and repulsion interactions among IXs. Using this model, we simulate the trapping of IXs in traps of different depths, densities, and shapes. Our results show that dipole-dipole interactions play an important role in regulating IX trapping. The effects of dipole interactions can be mitigated with small, deep traps which are realizable with atomic defects and moire potentials.
Collisional parton energy loss in a finite size QCD medium revisited: Off mass-shell effects
Creators: name: Ayala, Alejandro
name: Magnin, J.
name: Montano, Luis Manuel
name: Rojas, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collisional energy loss mechanism for particles produced off mass-shell in a finite size QCD medium. The off mass-shell effects introduced are to consider particles produced in wave packets instead of plane waves and the length scale associated to an in-medium particles' life-time. We show that these effects reduce the energy loss as compared to the case when the particles are described as freely propagating from the source. The reduction of the energy loss is stronger as this scale becomes of the order or smaller than the medium size. We discuss possible consequences of the result on the description of the energy loss process in the parton recombination scenario.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Enlarged discussion. References added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Cavitation and entrainment in a downcomer entrance
Creators: name: Ryan, James Arthur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two-phase instabilities have been observed at a downcomer entrance in an experimental rig that drains near-saturated Freon-11 from a vessel. The regimes have been characterized using dimensionless parameters describing the pool depth, downcomer flowrate and the subcooling at the liquid interface in the pool. The two primary mechanisms involved in the instability were entrainment and cavitation. The entrainment regimes observed in this study can be correlated with the previously documented occurrence of air-water incipient drawdown. Drawdown was observed at higher pool depths than expected (for a given flowrate) when vapour bubbles were present at the entrance. Cavitation, the mechanism responsible for bubble formation and growth, has been found to be very susceptible to the presence of nucleation sites and to the amount of subcooling at the pool interface. Severe instability may occur at a flowrate where the local velocity at the entrance is equal to the rise velocity of a particular vapour bubble. Due to the generation of vapour through entrainment and cavitation, bubbles conglomerate at the entrance, with the vapour having no mechanism for escape. Some segregation occurs, with small bubbles discharging downwards and large bubbles rising upwards. Downcomer entrance geometry was varied as an independent parameter. In general, the observed regimes in the re-entrant and sharp-edged geometries were similar. The flow regimes in the rounded geometry were unique due to the effect of the streamlined curvature reducing cavitation at the entrance.
A quantum random access memory (QRAM) using a polynomial encoding of binary strings
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Priyanka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum algorithms claim significant speedup over their classical counterparts for solving many problems. An important aspect of many of these algorithms is the existence of a quantum oracle, which needs to be implemented efficiently in order to realize the claimed advantages. A quantum random access memory (QRAM) is a promising architecture for realizing these oracles. In this paper we develop a new design for QRAM and implement it with Clifford+T circuit. We focus on optimizing the T-count and T-depth since non-Clifford gates are the most expensive to implement fault-tolerantly. Integral to our design is a polynomial encoding of bit strings and so we refer to this design as $\text{QRAM}_{poly}$. Compared to the previous state-of-the-art bucket brigade architecture for QRAM, we achieve an exponential improvement in T-depth, while reducing T-count and keeping the qubit count same. Specifically, if $N$ is the number of memory locations, then $\text{QRAM}_{poly}$ has T-depth $O(\log\log N)$, T-count $O(N-\log N)$ and qubit count $O(N)$, while the bucket brigade circuit has T-depth $O(\log N)$, T-count $O(N)$ and qubit count $O(N)$. Combining two $\text{QRAM}_{poly}$ we design a quantum look-up-table, $\text{qLUT}_{poly}$, that has T-depth $O(\log\log N)$, T-count $O(\sqrt{N})$ and qubit count $O(\sqrt{N})$. A qLUT or quantum read-only memory (QROM) has restricted functionality than a QRAM and needs to be compiled each time the contents of the memory change. The previous state-of-the-art CSWAP architecture has T-depth $O(\sqrt{N})$, T-count $O(\sqrt{N})$ and qubit count $O(\sqrt{N})$. Thus we achieve a double exponential improvement in T-depth while keeping the T-count and qubit-count asymptotically same. Additionally, with our polynomial encoding of bit strings, we develop a method to optimize the Toffoli-count of circuits, specially those consisting of multi-controlled-NOT gates.
description: Accepted in Scientific Reports
The solar chromosphere at high resolution with IBIS. I. New insights from the Ca II 854.2 nm line
Creators: name: Cauzzi, G.
name: Reardon, K. P.
name: Uitenbroek, H.
name: Cavallini, F.
name: Falchi, A.
name: Falciani, R.
name: Janssen, K.
name: Rimmele, T.
name: Vecchio, A.
name: Woeger, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Aims: In this paper, we seek to establish the suitability of imaging spectroscopy performed in the Ca II 854.2 nm line as a means to investigate the solar chromosphere at high resolution. Methods: We utilize monochromatic images obtained with the Interferometric BIdimensional Spectrometer (IBIS) at multiple wavelengths within the Ca II 854.2 nm line and over several quiet areas. We analyze both the morphological properties derived from narrow-band monochromatic images and the average spectral properties of distinct solar features such as network points, internetwork areas and fibrils. Results: The spectral properties derived over quiet-Sun targets are in full agreement with earlier results obtained with fixed-slit spectrographic observations, highlighting the reliability of the spectral information obtained with IBIS. Furthermore, the very narrowband IBIS imaging reveals with much clarity the dual nature of the Ca II 854.2 nm line: its outer wings gradually sample the solar photosphere, while the core is a purely chromospheric indicator. The latter displays a wealth of fine structures including bright points, akin to the Ca II H2V and K2V grains, as well as fibrils originating from even the smallest magnetic elements. The fibrils occupy a large fraction of the observed field of view even in the quiet regions, and clearly outline atmospheric volumes with different dynamical properties, strongly dependent on the local magnetic topology. This highlights the fact that 1-D models stratified along the vertical direction can provide only a very limited representation of the actual chromospheric physics.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Accepted in A&A. Revised version after referee's comments. New Fig. 1 and 7. Higher quality figures in http://www.arcetri.astro.it/~gcauzzi/papers/ibis.caii.pdf
Calliblepharis saidana M. Y. Yang & M. S. Kim, Algae
Creators: name: Soares, Luanda Pereira
name: Fujii, Mutue Toyota
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Rhodophyta
Florideophyceae
Gigartinales
Cystocloniaceae
Calliblepharis
Calliblepharis saidana

description: Calliblepharis saidana (Holmes) M.Y. Yang & M.S. Kim, Algae 32: 93 (2017). (Figs. 4–5)
Basionym: — Hypnea saidana Holmes (1895).
Type locality: —Enoshima, Japan.
Vegetative morphology: Thalli were erect, delicate, red-brownish, flattened to compressed, with 7–16 mm high (Fig. 4A–B), attached to the substratum by a small discoid holdfast (Fig. 4C). Presence of few anastomoses between branches (Fig. 4D), which were 0.5–1.0 mm wide, oppositely branched with some dichotomous apices. Thallus organization was uniaxial, with apical cell clearly visible (Fig. 4E). In surface view, cortical cells were irregular to polygonal, with outer cortical cell forming incipient rosettes (Fig. 4F). In longitudinal section, an axial filament was surrounded by filaments of elongated cells, linked by secondary pit-connections (Fig. 4G). In cross section, thalli were 162.5–212.5 μm thick, with 5–6 layers of rounded to compressed medullary cells (Fig. 4H). The cortex was composed of 1–2 small, rounded to rectangular cortical cells (Fig. 4I). Lenticular thickenings and unicellular hairs were not observed.
Reproductive morphology: Male gametophytes were not observed. Cystocarps were globose, sessile, and were formed at the edge of opposite branches or main axis (Fig. 5A). Gonimoblast filaments develop outwardly producing carposporangia, while others develop inwardly forming a reticulum of interconnected filaments, linked by secondary pit connections (Fig. 5B–C). No fusion cell was formed. Transverse sterile filaments penetrated the pericarp (Fig. 5D). At maturity, the reticular placenta was surrounded by chains of rounded to ovoid carposporangia, 12.5–20.0 μm in diameter (Fig. 5E). Mature cystocarps were 400–750 μm wide and lacked ostioles (Fig. 5F). Tetrasporangia were clustered in sori (Fig. 5G) and zonately divided, 32.5–52.5 μm long and 22.5–27.5 μm wide (Fig. 5H).
Habitat and distribution: Calliblepharis saidana was collected in São Paulo (Lázaro Beach), southeastern Brazil, as an epiphyte of Ceratodictyon repens (Kützing) R.E. Norris. Specimens of C. saidana were found only in October 2016.
description: Published as part of Soares, Luanda Pereira & Fujii, Mutue Toyota, 2020, Molecular assessment of flat Cystocloniaceae (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil with reinstatement of Calliblepharis jolyi and a new record of C. saidana for the Atlantic Ocean, pp. 243-254 in Phytotaxa 439 (3) on page 248, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13873028
Sub-picoliter Traceability of Microdroplet Gravimetry and Microscopy
Creators: name: Elliott, Lindsay C. C.
name: Pintar, Adam L.
name: Copeland, Craig R.
name: Renegar, Thomas B.
name: Dixson, Ronald G.
name: Ilic, B. Robert
name: Verkouteren, R. Michael
name: Stavis, Samuel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravimetry typically lacks the resolution to measure single microdroplets, whereas microscopy is often inaccurate beyond the resolution limit. To address these issues, we advance and integrate these complementary methods, introducing simultaneous measurements of the same microdroplets, comprehensive calibrations that are independently traceable to the International System of Units (SI), and Monte-Carlo evaluations of volumetric uncertainty. We achieve sub-picoliter agreement of measurements of microdroplets in flight with volumes of approximately 70 pL, with ensemble gravimetry and optical microscopy both yielding 95% coverage intervals of +/- 0.6 pL, or relative uncertainties of +/- 0.9%, and root-mean-square deviations of mean values between the two methods of 0.2 pL or 0.3%. These uncertainties match previous gravimetry results and improve upon previous microscopy results by an order of magnitude. Gravimetry precision depends on the continuity of droplet formation, whereas microscopy accuracy requires that optical diffraction from an edge reference matches that from a microdroplet. Applying our microscopy method, we jet and image water microdroplets suspending fluorescent nanoplastics, count nanoplastic particles after deposition and evaporation, and transfer volumetric traceability to number concentration. We expect that our methods will impact diverse fields involving dimensional metrology and volumetric analysis of microdroplets, including inkjet microfabrication, disease transmission, and industrial sprays.
GroomCap: High-Fidelity Prior-Free Hair Capture
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuxiao
name: Chai, Menglei
name: Wang, Daoye
name: Winberg, Sebastian
name: Wood, Erroll
name: Sarkar, Kripasindhu
name: Gross, Markus
name: Beeler, Thabo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite recent advances in multi-view hair reconstruction, achieving strand-level precision remains a significant challenge due to inherent limitations in existing capture pipelines. We introduce GroomCap, a novel multi-view hair capture method that reconstructs faithful and high-fidelity hair geometry without relying on external data priors. To address the limitations of conventional reconstruction algorithms, we propose a neural implicit representation for hair volume that encodes high-resolution 3D orientation and occupancy from input views. This implicit hair volume is trained with a new volumetric 3D orientation rendering algorithm, coupled with 2D orientation distribution supervision, to effectively prevent the loss of structural information caused by undesired orientation blending. We further propose a Gaussian-based hair optimization strategy to refine the traced hair strands with a novel chained Gaussian representation, utilizing direct photometric supervision from images. Our results demonstrate that GroomCap is able to capture high-quality hair geometries that are not only more precise and detailed than existing methods but also versatile enough for a range of applications.
description: Accepted by SIGGRAPH Asia 2024
Against Digital Fatalism
Creators: name: Domínguez Hernández, Andrés
name: Michalec, Ola
name: Winter, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 441007
subject: Sociology and social studies of science and technology
classificationCode: 360503
subject: Digital and electronic media art

description: In recent years, mainstream media has helped to amplify hyperbolic narratives about new technologies. Technology hype has inundated the public sphere with grossly inflated expectations, promises as well as fears about artificial intelligence, the metaverse and other technological ‘frontiers’. Hype, be it utopian or dystopian, has always been an effective marketing tool. But rather than being just innocent storytelling and sometimes minimised as science fiction, such narratives can play a key role in influencing investment and policy, and ultimately helping to shape our imagination and feelings about the future.Our project ‘Against Digital Fatalism’ seeks to challenge the mainstream technological discourse driven largely by powerful tech companies to instead envision bottom-up and more grounded ways to engage with the future. Our goal is to empower diverse audiences to engage in critical thinking about the social, political and ethical aspects of emerging technologies. We wish to invite everyone to engage actively in future making practices as a means to resist foregone conclusions and so-called ‘inevitable’ futures.Against Digital Fatalism is a critical literacy initiative that looks at hope, human agency and the future through an experimental and collaborative exchange between social scientists, artists and creative practitioners. The project began in July 2023 with a public call for artists to join a six-month residence at the Bristol Digital Futures Institute. The project materialised in a public exhibition of three artworks which touch on specific social and ethical issues linked to extended reality and the metaverse.We invite you to interact with each of these artworks and join us in a playful and collective exchange about hopeful futures.
Structure of odd-mass Ne, Na, and Mg nuclei
Creators: name: Sun, Z. H.
name: Djärv, T. R.
name: Hagen, G.
name: Jansen, G. R.
name: Papenbrock, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The island of inversion is a region of neutron-rich nuclei that are deformed in their ground states. In this region, less is known about the energy levels of odd-mass nuclei, how they evolve with increasing neutron numbers, and how they can be organized into rotational bands. We perform {\it ab initio} coupled-cluster calculations of spectra in odd-mass Ne, Na, and Mg nuclei based on an interaction of chiral effective field theory. Our results confirm some tentative spin and parity assignments, predict the structure of nuclei near the neutron dripline, and inform us about rotational bands in this region of the nuclear table.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Coupling of electrons to the electromagnetic field in a localized basis
Creators: name: Allen, Roland E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple formula is obtained for coupling electrons in a complex system to the electromagnetic field. It includes the effect of intra-atomic excitations and nuclear motion, and can be applied in. e.g., first-principles-based simulations of the coupled dynamics of electrons and nuclei in materials and molecules responding to ultrashort laser pulses. Some additional aspects of nonadiabatic dynamical simulations are also discussed, including the potential of "reduced Ehrenfest'" simulations for treating problems where standard Ehrenfest simulations will fail.
description: 6 pages, Physical Review B
Shamanic content in the art of Clayoquot artist : Joe David "Ka-Ka-Win-Chealth" (Supernatural White Wolf Transforming into Whale)
Creators: name: Katz-Lahaigue, J. Vanina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The question of the influence of shamanism on Northwest Coast art is not new. It has received increasing attention in the past few years, though in ways that are not altogether convincing. This dissertation presents an aspect which has been relatively ignored until now, namely the point of view of the artist himself. It focusses on one contemporary Northwest Coast Indian artist, Joe David, and uses both his works and his comments as the basis for the study of his use of shamanic themes. At the beginning of the thesis, shamanism is defined in terms of its main characteristics and cosmological themes, using the work of Mircea Eliade as a primary reference. This is followed by an examination of Northwest Coast shamanism, and the pervasiveness of shamanic ideology in Northwest Coast Indian cultures and art. The works of art by Joe David are discussed, and through his comments the meaning of the work is revealed, as he talks about the circumstances behind the creation of the pieces and the private meaning hidden in them. Finally the importance of the artist's comments is confirmed in a summary of Joe David's views concerning art and his private cosmology which synthesizes West Coast traditions and personal experience. Both his works and his cosmology contain most of the shamanic themes identified in the first part of the study. For Joe David, this relationship with shamanism has become explicit as he compares his work to shaman's activities. But little of that personal cosmology would be evident in Joe David's works to an observer who was not a participant in Joe David's world. This leads to the conclusion that any study of Northwest Coast art based solely on images, without considering the world view of the artist, reveals only a fraction of the possible influence of shamanic themes in Northwest Coast Indian art.
Eoophyla nigripilosa Yoshiyasu 1987
Creators: name: Chen, Fuqiang
name: Wu, Chunsheng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Eoophyla
Eoophyla nigripilosa

description: Eoophyla nigripilosa Yoshiyasu, 1987 (Fig. 65)
Eoophyla nigripilosa Yoshiyasu, 1987, Microlep. Thai., 1: 170; Speidel & Mey, 1999a, Tijds. v. Ent., 142: 130; Li, You & Wang, 2003, Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 28(2): 299. Type-locality: Thailand.
Diagnosis (Yoshiyasu, 1987). The species is differnent by the hindwing has a single eyespot along the submarginal fascia. In male genitalia, the species has three specialized setae about 2/3 length of valva, the third seta slightly expanded in apex. In female genitalia, the species has a pair of triangular signa, consisting of many stout spines.
Material examined. Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 670 m, 1♂, 1974. V.1–5, Zhou Yao (NKU).
Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan), Thailand.
1 Androconial hairs account ratio for the cell
2 The numbers of eyespots on hindwing
3 Specialized setae numbers, ratio for the length of valva and shapes of their apex
4 Singa numbers, ratio for the length of corpus bursae
Funding The research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772489).
Acknowledges We are very grateful to Mr. Shimei Song (IZCAS) for providing great help for our work, and Dr. Houhun Li (Nankai University) for providing materials of the genus.
description: Published as part of Chen, Fuqiang & Wu, Chunsheng, 2019, A taxonomic review of the genus Eoophyla Swinhoe, 1900 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Acentropinae) from China, pp. 212-239 in Zoological Systematics 44 (3) on pages 235-237, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201925, http://zenodo.org/record/4617778
Geysers in the Lagoon: new Herbig-Haro objects in M8
Creators: name: Barbá, Rodolfo H.
name: Arias, Julia I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We search for direct evidence of ongoing star formation by accretion in the Lagoon Nebula (M8), using optical wide-field narrow-band imaging obtained at La Silla Observatory. Methods: We examine [SII] and Halpha images for line-emission features that could be interpreted as signatures of outflow activity of the exciting sources. Results: We discover five new Herbig-Haro objects, study in detail their morphology and attempt to identify their potential driving sources among the population of T Tauri stars and embedded sources in the surroundings. Conclusions: The results reported here conclusively demonstrate the existence of very young stars going through the accreting phase in the M8 region.
description: 9 pages, 6 postscript figures (one in color). Accepted, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Diffraction Aided Wireless Positioning
Creators: name: Duggal, Gaurav
name: Buehrer, R. Michael
name: Dhillon, Harpreet S.
name: Reed, Jeffrey H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wireless positioning in Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) scenarios presents significant challenges due to multipath effects that lead to biased measurements and reduced positioning accuracy. This paper revisits electromagnetic field theory related to diffraction and in the context of wireless positioning and proposes a novel positioning technique that greatly improves accuracy in NLoS environments dominated by diffraction. The method is applied to a critical public safety use case: precisely locating at-risk individuals within buildings, with a particular focus on improving 3D positioning and z-axis accuracy. By leveraging the Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD), the approach introduces an innovative NLoS path length model and a new NLOS positioning technique. Using Fisher information analysis, we establish the conditions required for 3D positioning and derive lower bounds on positioning performance for both 3D and z-axis estimates for the proposed NLOS positioning technique. Additionally, we propose an algorithmic implementation of the proposed NLoS positioning method using non-linear least squares estimation, which we term D-NLS. The positioning performance of our proposed NLOs positioning technique is validated using an extensive ray-tracing simulation. The numerical results highlight the superiority of our approach in outdoor-to-indoor environments, which directly estimates NLoS path lengths and delivers significant performance enhancements over existing methods for both 3D and z-axis positioning scenarios.
Causality in the maximally extended Reissner--Nordström spacetime with identifications
Creators: name: Krasiński, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximally extended Reissner--Nordström (RN) spacetime with $e^2 < m^2$ can be interpreted either as an infinite chain of asymptotically flat regions connected by tunnels between timelike singularities or as a set of just one pair of asymptotically flat regions and one tunnel; the repetitions of this set in the infinite chain being identified. The second interpretation gives rise to the suspicion of acausality, i.e. the possibility of sending messages to one's own past. A numerical investigation of this problem was carried out in this paper and gave the following result. Let E be the initial point of a radial timelike future-directed ingoing geodesic G, lying halfway between the outer horizon and the image of the null infinity in the maximally extended RN spacetime. Let E$'$ be the first future copy of E. It was verified whether the turning point of G lies outside or inside the past light cone (PLC) of E$'$. In the second case the breach of causality does occur. It turned out that the acausality is present when $V_E$, the timelike coordinate of E, is negative with a sufficiently large $|V_E|$, and is absent with a sufficiently large $V_E > 0$. In between these values there exists a $\widetilde{V}_E$, dependent on the initial data for the geodesic, for which the turning point lies on the PLC. So, the identification does lead to acausality. Nonradial timelike and null geodesics were also investigated, and a few hitherto unknown properties of the maximal extension were revealed. For example, the singularity arc at $r = 0$ may be convex or concave, depending on the values of $m$ and $e$.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures. Two small typos on pages 22 and 24 of the previous version corrected. Matches the published version
Storm fronts over galaxy discs: Models of how waves generate extraplanar gas and its anomalous kinematics
Creators: name: Struck, Curtis
name: Smith, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of partially ionized, diffuse gas and dust clouds at kiloparsec scale distances above the central planes of edge-on, galaxy discs was an unexpected discovery about 20 yrs ago. Subsequent observations showed that this EDIG (extended or extraplanar diffuse interstellar gas) has rotation velocities approximately 10-20% lower than those in the central plane, and have been hard to account for. Here we present results of hydrodynamic models, with radiative cooling and heating from star formation. We find that in models with star formation generated stochastically across the disc an extraplanar gas layer is generated as long as the star formation is sufficiently strong. However, this gas rotates at nearly the same speed as the mid-plane gas. We then studied a range of models with imposed spiral or bar waves in the disc. EDIG layers were also generated in these models, but primarily over the wave regions, not over the entire disc. Because of this partial coverage, the EDIG clouds move radially, as well as vertically, with the result that observed kinematic anomalies are reproduced. The implication is that the kinematic anomalies are the result of three-dimensional motions when the cylindrical symmetry of the disc is broken. Thus, the kinematic anomalies are the result of bars or strong waves, and more face-on galaxies with such waves should have an asymmetric EDIG component. The models also indicate that the EDIG can contain a significant fraction of cool gas, and that some star formation can be triggered at considerable heights above the disc midplane. We expect all of these effects to be more prominent in young, forming discs, to play a role in rapidly smoothing disc asymmetries, and in working to self-regulate disc structure.
description: 30 pages, 9 figs., accepted for MNRAS with additional referee corrections
Detect anomalous quartic gauge couplings at muon colliders with quantum kernel k-means
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Chen, Ke-Xin
name: Yang, Ji-Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, with the increasing luminosities of colliders, handling the growing amount of data has become a major challenge for future New Physics~(NP) phenomenological research. To improve efficiency, machine learning algorithms have been introduced into the field of high-energy physics. As a machine learning algorithm, kernel k-means has been demonstrated to be useful for searching NP signals. It is well known that the kernel k-means algorithm can be carried out with the help of quantum computing, which suggests that quantum kernel k-means~(QKKM) is also a potential tool for NP phenomenological studies in the future. This paper investigates how to search for NP signals using the k-means anomaly detection event selection strategy with quantum kernels. Taking the $μ^+μ^-\to v\bar{v}γγ$ process at a muon collider as an example, the dimension-8 operators contributing to anomalous quartic gauge couplings~(aQGCs) are studied. The expected coefficient constraints obtained using the QKKM of three different forms of quantum kernels and k-means algorithm are presented, it can be shown that QKKM can help to find the signal of aQGCs.
description: update journal refence
Tiarp Backgården. An Early Neolithic Dolmen in Falbygden, Sweden and Early Megalithic Tombs in South Scandinavia and Northern Central Europe
Creators: name: Sjögren, Karl-Göran
name: Blank, Malou
name: Ahlström, Torbjörn
name: Axelsson, Tony
name: Dreibrodt, Stefan
name: Müller, Johannes
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2023

description: The excavation of the simple dolmen at Tiarp, Falbygden, dating to around 3500 BCE, has provided important information for the understanding of the megalithic and early TRB in southern Scandinavia and northern Central Europe. The absolute chronological dating shows that dolmens were erected at about the same time between Falbygden and Altmark, before the main passage grave architectural phase. Although fragmented and affected by taphonomic processes, the bone assemblage provides insights into the burial practices. At least twelve individuals, from neonates to elderly, had been buried within the chamber. The predominance of hand and foot bones suggests that they were primary inhumations. Their isotope values indicate an already agrarian society, which, however, was based only to a certain extent on agriculture. Insofar, the dolmen at Tiarp signals transformations – not only in respect to the introduction of agriculture but also regarding ritual practices – within the Early and Middle Neolithic.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 25 (2023)
Trinca-La Șanț – A Large North Moldovan Trypillia Settlement
Creators: name: Müller, Johannes
name: Hofmann, Robert
name: Schlütz, Frank
name: Sîrbu, Ghenadie
name: Heghea, Sergiu
name: Țerna, Andreea
name: Fuchs, Katharina
name: Shatilo, Liudmyla
name: Kirleis, Wiebke
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2023

description: In the years 2022 and 2023, the Trypillia hilltop settlement of Trinca-La Șanț in northern Moldova was investigated and excavated by the CRC1266 in collaboration with the State University of Moldova. As a result, we unveiled the basic structures of the 25 ha fortified settlement, which, adapted to the topography, combines the principles of linear and concentric rows of houses. Based on the 14C data available to date, it can be assumed that the settlement dates from 3950 to 3650 BCE. Of the 320 houses discovered, up to 100 existed simultaneously, which corresponds to a maximum number of inhabitants of 250–1000 people. δ13C/δ15N isotope values of domestic animals indicate an extensive economy that corresponds to that of other, similarly large or mega-sites.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 25 (2023)
Itinerant Ferromagnetism in an Atom Trap
Creators: name: Berdnikov, Ilya
name: Coleman, P.
name: Simon, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experiment to explore the magnetic phase transitions in interacting fermionic Hubbard systems, and describe how to obtain the ferromagnetic phase diagram of itinerant electron systems from these observations. In addition signatures of ferromagnetic correlations in the observed ground states are found: for large trap radii (trap radius $R_T > 4$, in units of coherence length $ξ$), ground states are topological in nature -- a "skyrmion" in 2D, and a "hedgehog" in 3D.
description: Final Published version. References added
Spectral decomposition of field operators and causal measurement in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Oeckl, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct the spectral decomposition of field operators in bosonic quantum field theory as a limit of a strongly continuous family of positive-operator-valued measure decompositions. The latter arise from integrals over families of bounded positive operators. Crucially, these operators have the same locality properties as the underlying field operators. We use the decompositions to construct families of quantum operations implementing measurements of the field observables. Again, the quantum operations have the same locality properties as the field operators. What is more, we show that these quantum operations do not lead to superluminal signaling and are possible measurements on quantum fields in the sense of Sorkin.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures; v2: added full proof of Lemma 3.3, minor modifications
The theoretical DFT study of electronic structure of thin Si/SiO2 quantum nanodots and nanowires
Creators: name: Avramov, Pavel V.
name: Kuzubov, Alexander A.
name: Fedorov, Alexander S.
name: Sorokin, Pavel B.
name: Tomilin, Felix N.
name: Maeda, Yoshihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomic and electronic structure of a set of proposed thin (1.6 nm in diameter) silicon/silica quantum nanodots and nanowires with narrow interface, as well as parent metastable silicon structures (1.2 nm in diameter), was studied in cluster and PBC approaches using B3LYP/6-31G* and PW PP LDA approximations. The total density of states (TDOS) of the smallest quasispherical silicon quantum dot (Si85) corresponds well to the TDOS of the bulk silicon. The elongated silicon nanodots and 1D nanowires demonstrate the metallic nature of the electronic structure. The surface oxidized layer opens the bandgap in the TDOS of the Si/SiO2 species. The top of the valence band and the bottom of conductivity band of the particles are formed by the silicon core derived states. The energy width of the bandgap is determined by the length of the Si/SiO2 clusters and demonstrates inverse dependence upon the size of the nanostructures. The theoretical data describes the size confinement effect in photoluminescence spectra of the silica embedded nanocrystalline silicon with high accuracy.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Minimal Agent Based Model for Financial Markets II: Statistical Properties of the Linear and Multiplicative Dynamics
Creators: name: Alfi, V.
name: Cristelli, M.
name: Pietronero, L.
name: Zaccaria, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the statistical properties of an Agent Based Model and of its generalization to the multiplicative dynamics. The aim of the model is to consider the minimal elements for the understanding of the origin of the Stylized Facts and their Self-Organization. The key elements are fundamentalist agents, chartist agents, herding dynamics and price behavior. The first two elements correspond to the competition between stability and instability tendencies in the market. The herding behavior governs the possibility of the agents to change strategy and it is a crucial element of this class of models. The linear approximation permits a simple interpretation of the model dynamics and, for many properties, it is possible to derive analytical results. The generalized non linear dynamics results to be extremely more sensible to the parameter space and much more difficult to analyze and control. The main results for the nature and Self-Organization of the Stylized Facts are, however, very similar in the two cases. The main peculiarity of the non linear dynamics is an enhancement of the fluctuations and a more marked evidence of the Stylized Facts. We will also discuss some modifications of the model to introduce more realistic elements with respect to the real markets.
The Derivative Expansion of the Effective Action and the Renormalization Group Equation
Creators: name: Chishtie, F. A.
name: Jia, Junji
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbative evaluation of the effective action can be expanded in powers of derivatives of the external field. We apply the renormalization group equation to the term in the effective action that is second order in the derivatives of the external field and all orders in a constant external field, considering both massless scalar $ϕ_4^4$ model and massless scalar electrodynamics. A so-called ``on shell'' renormalization scheme permits one to express this ``kinetic term'' for the scalar field entirely in terms of the renormalization group functions appropriate for this scheme. These renormalization group functions can be related to those associated with minimal subtraction.
description: Latex; 12 pages; no figure; typos corrected; references revised; journal version
On a static charged fluid around a magnetized mass
Creators: name: Cabrera-Munguia, I.
name: Manko, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that any magnetostatic axially symmetric solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations can be endowed with a specific charged fluid source of the Polanco et al type via a simple procedure requiring the knowledge of exclusively the magnetostatic seed spacetime. Using this procedure we construct yet another exact solution for a massive magnetic dipole surrounded by a static charged fluid which is different from the Polanco et al metric.
description: 5 pages, no figures, submitted to Physical Review D
title: The politics of representations : Thai migrant women's negotiation of identity.
Creators: name: Phiphitkul, Wilasinee
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: The notion that popular culture, such as television programmes, opens a space for women resistance to the dominant cultural discourse is remarkably held by feminist and cultural theorists. However, few considerations have been given to the specific group of women audiences who are in the margin of society in terms of class, ethnicity and gender. This thesis explores the kinds of subversive meanings Thai migrant women of the urban poor construct and deconstruct from the dominant representations in television programmes; and how the women empower their negotiation discourse in order to define their preferred identities that connect to their ethnic culture and their everyday lives in urban slum culture. Thirty-four women living in Klongtoey slum, the biggest slum in Bangkok, Thailand, who migrated from the Northeast, the poorest region of the country, are the main population of study in this thesis. It investigates this through both textual and reception analyses with the theoretical framework of dominant representations and identity emphasising class, ethnicity, and gender. To understand the negotiation and construction of identity, the method of ethnographic audience analysis is used in order to see this through the women's own experiences. This study also aims to assert the distinctive concept of ethnography within the Thai media academy which draws heavily on content analysis or quantitative audience analysis, while it remains ignorant of the 'real' audiences of marginalized groups. Chapters One, Two and Three seek to locate the Klongtoey women's identities and their dominant representations in the various approaches to the study of the politics of representation. Chapter Four provides the research methods and examines how the transformation between rural and urban culture has affected the women's identities. Chapter Five discusses the patterns of media consumption and the construction of meanings within the women's contexts. Chapters Six and Seven analyse in more detail the ways the representations of class, ethnicity and gender are decoded and negotiated by the Klongtoey women and how this negotiation process reflects the women's formation of identities. Chapter Eight conceptualises the negotiation strategies that the women employ in the construction of their preferred identities and concludes with a discussion of how this study contributes to theorising on the politics of representation.
Gamete recognition and complementary haplotypes in sexual Penna ageing model
Creators: name: Cebrat, S.
name: Stauffer, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In simulations of sexual reproduction with diploid individuals, we introduce that female haploid gametes recognize one specific allele of the genomes as a marker of the male haploid gametes. They fuse to zygotes preferrably with male gametes having a different marker than their own. This gamete recognition enhances the advantage of complementary bit-strings in the simulated diploid individuals, at low recombination rates. Thus with rare recombinations the bit-string evolve to be complementary; with recombination rate above about 0.1 instead they evolve under Darwinian purification selection, with few bits mutated.
description: 9 pages including many figures
MPEC 2024-T23 : 2024 SH7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SH7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Tightening of knots in proteins
Creators: name: Sułkowska, Joanna I.
name: Sułkowski, Piotr
name: Szymczak, Piotr
name: Cieplak, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform theoretical studies of stretching of 20 proteins with knots within a coarse grained model. The knot's ends are found to jump to well defined sequential locations that are associated with sharp turns whereas in homopolymers they diffuse around and eventually slide off. The waiting times of the jumps are increasingly stochastic as the temperature is raised. Larger knots do not return to their native locations when a protein is released after stretching.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures