cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of Small Dust Grains due to Charge Fluctuations
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the acceleration of very small dust grains including Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) arising from the electrostatic interactions of dust grains that have charge fluctuations in time due to charging events. We simulate the charge fluctuations of very small grains due to their sticking collisions with electrons and ions in plasma, and the emission of photoelectrons by UV photons using Monte Carlo method. We identify the acceleration induced by the charge fluctuations as the dominant acceleration mechanism of very small grains in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM). We show that this acceleration mechanism is efficient for environments with low degree of ionization (i.e., large Debye length), where the charge fluctuations are slow but have a large amplitude. We also discuss the implications of the present mechanism for grain coagulation and shattering in the diffuse ISM, molecular clouds, and protoplanetary disks.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, some typos fixed, discussion revised. Submitted to Astrophysical Journal
Chrysis fasciata Olivier 1790
Creators: name: Paukkunen, Juho
name: Rosa, Paolo
name: Soon, Villu
name: Johansson, Niklas
name: Ødegaard, Frode
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Masaridae
Chrysis
Chrysis fasciata

description: 16. Chrysis fasciata Olivier, 1790
Chrysis fasciata Olivier 1790: 677. Type?; South France (MNHN?) (Chrysis smaragdula group).
Remarks. See Chrysis zetterstedti above.
description: Published as part of Paukkunen, Juho, Rosa, Paolo, Soon, Villu, Johansson, Niklas & Ødegaard, Frode, 2014, Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 3864 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3864.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4930433
Multimodal Bioinspired Artificial Skin Module for Tactile Sensing
Creators: name: Alves De Oliveira, Thiago Eustaquio
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tactile Sensing
Touch Sensing
Haptics
Bioinspired Robotics
Surface Reconstruction

description: Tactile sensors are the last frontier to robots that can handle everyday objects and interact with humans through contact. Robots are expected to recognize the properties of objects in order to handle them safely and efficiently in a variety of applications, such as health- and elder care, manufacturing, or high-risk environments. To be effective, such sensors have to sense the geometry of touched surfaces and objects, as well as any other relevant information for their tasks, such as forces, vibrations, and temperature, that allow them to safely and securely interact within an environment. Given the capability of humans to easily capture and interpret tactile data, one promising direction in order to produce enhanced robotic tactile sensors is to explore and imitate human tactile sensing capabilities. In this context, this thesis presents the design and hardware implementation issues related to the construction of a novel multimodal bio-inspired skin module for dynamic and static tactile surface characterization. Drawing inspiration from the type, functionality, and organization of cutaneous tactile elements in the human skin, the proposed solution determines the placement of two shallow sensors (a tactile array and a nine DOF magnetic, angular rate, and gravity system) and a deep pressure sensor within a flexible compliant structure, similar to the receptive field of the Pacinian mechanoreceptor. The benefit of using a compliant structure is tri-folded. First, the module has the capability of performing touch tasks on unknown surfaces, tackling the tactile inversion problem. The compliant structure guides deforming forces from its surface to the deep pressure sensor, while keeping track of the deformation of the structure using advantageously placed shallow sensors. Second, the module’s compliant structure and its embedded sensor placement provide useful data to overcome the problem of estimating non-normal forces, a significant challenge for the current generation of tactile sensing technologies. This capability allows accommodating sensing modalities essential for acquiring tactile images and classifying surfaces by vibrations and accelerations. Third, the compliant structure of the module also contributes to the relaxation of orientation constraints of end-effectors or other robotic parts carrying the module to contact surfaces of unknown objects. Issues related to the module calibration, its sensing capabilities and possible real-world applications are also presented.
Insights on the Formation, Evolution, and Activity of Massive Galaxies From Ultra-Compact and Disky Galaxies at z=2-3
Creators: name: Weinzirl, T.
name: Jogee, S.
name: Conselice, C. J.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Chary, R. R.
name: Bluck, A. F. L.
name: Gruetzbauch, R.
name: Buitrago, F.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Lucas, R. A.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Bauer, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our results on the structure and activity of massive galaxies at z=1-3 using one of the largest (166 with M_star>=5e10 M_sun) and most diverse samples of massive galaxies derived from the GOODS-NICMOS survey: (1) Sersic fits to deep NIC3/F160W images indicate that the rest-frame optical structures of massive galaxies are very different at z=2-3 compared to z~0. Approximately 40% of massive galaxies are ultra-compact (r_e<=2 kpc), compared to less than 1% at z~0. Furthermore, most (~65%) systems at z=2-3 have a low Sersic index n<=2, compared to ~13% at z~0. We present evidence that the n<=2 systems at z=2-3 likely contain prominent disks, unlike most massive z~0 systems. (2) There is a correlation between structure and star formation rates (SFR). The majority (~85%) of non-AGN massive galaxies at z=2-3, with SFR high enough to yield a 5 sigma (30 micro Jy) 24 micron Spitzer detection have low n<=2. Such n<=2 systems host the highest SFR. (3) The frequency of AGN is ~40% at z=2-3. Most (~65%) AGN hosts have disky (n<=2) morphologies. Ultra-compact galaxies appear quiescent in terms of both AGN activity and star formation. (4) Large stellar surface densities imply massive galaxies at z=2-3 formed via rapid, highly dissipative events at z>2. The large fraction of n<=2 disky systems suggests cold mode accretion complements gas-rich major mergers at z>2. In order for massive galaxies at z=2-3 to evolve into present-day massive E/S0s, they need to significantly increase (n, r_e). Dry minor and major mergers may play an important role in this process.
description: 49 pages, 22 figures; accepted by ApJ, minor changes from version v1
Synthesis of strategies for autonomous surveillance on adversarial targets
Creators: name: Bharadwaj, Suda
name: Dimitrova, Rayna
name: Quattrociocchi, Jesse
name: Topcu, Ufuk
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the problem of synthesizing a controller for an agent with imperfect sensing and a quantitative surveillance objective, that is, an agent is required to maintain knowledge of the location of a moving, possibly adversarial target. We formulate the problem as a one-sided partial-information game with a winning condition expressed as a temporal logic specification. The specification encodes the quantitative surveillance requirement as well as any additional tasks. Solving a partial-information game typically involves transforming it into a perfect-information belief game using a belief-set construction. Such a transformation leads to a state-space explosion, rendering the belief game computationally intractable to solve for most realistic settings. We present a belief-set abstraction technique to transform the partial-information game to a provably sound abstract belief game that can be solved efficiently using off-the-shelf reactive synthesis tools. We introduce a counterexample-guided refinement approach to automatically achieve the abstraction precision sufficient to synthesize a strategy that is provably winning on the original partial-information game. We evaluate the proposed method on multiple case-studies, implemented on hardware as well as high-fidelity ROS/Gazebo simulations where the agent must respond in real-time to a human-controlled adversary.
Local Multiplicity Fluctuations as a Signature of Critical Hadronization at LHC
Creators: name: Hwa, Rudolph C.
name: Yang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In central Pb-Pb collisions at LHC the multiplicity of particles produced is so high that it should become feasible to examine the nature of transition from the deconfined quark-gluon state to the confined hadron state by methods that rely on the availability of high multiplicity events. We consider four classes of the transition process ranging from critical behavior to totally random behavior, depending on whether or not there is clustering of quarks and on whether or not there is contraction of dense clusters due to confinement. Fluctuations of bin multiplicities in each event are quantified, and then the event-by-event fluctuations of spatial patterns are analyzed. A sequence of measures are proposed and are shown to be effective in capturing the essence of the differences among the classes of simulated events. It is demonstrated that a specific index has a low value for critical transition but a larger value if the hadronization process is random.
description: 11 pages in RevTeX4 with 9 figures
One branch curve singularities with at most 2-parameter families of ideals
Creators: name: Drozd, Yuriy A.
name: Skuratovskii, Ruslan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 13C05, Secondary 14H20

description: A criterion is given in order that the ideals of a one branch curve singularity form at most 2-parameter families. Namely, we present a list of plane curve singularities from the Arnold's classification which are the smallest among all one branch singularities having at most 2-parameter families of ideals.
description: 10 pages
The Largest Connected Subgraph Game
Creators: name: Bensmail, Julien
name: Fioravantes, Foivos
name: McInerney, Fionn
name: Nisse, Nicolas
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: This paper introduces the largest connected subgraph game played on an undirected graph G. In each round, Alice first colours an uncoloured vertex of G red, and then, Bob colours an uncoloured vertex of G blue, with all vertices initially uncoloured. Once all the vertices are coloured, Alice (Bob, resp.) wins if there is a red (blue, resp.) connected subgraph whose order is greater than the order of any blue (red, resp.) connected subgraph. We first prove that, if Alice plays optimally, then Bob can never win, and define a large class of graphs (called reflection graphs) in which the game is a draw. We then show that determining the outcome of the game is PSPACE-complete, even in bipartite graphs of small diameter, and that recognising reflection graphs is GI-hard. We also prove that the game is a draw in paths if and only if the path is of even order or has at least 11 vertices, and that Alice wins in cycles if and only if the cycle is of odd length. Lastly, we give an algorithm to determine the outcome of the game in cographs in linear time.
Additional file 1: of Decreasing the use of edible oils in China using WeChat and theories of behavior change: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui
name: Xu, Xianglong
name: Zhao, Yong
name: Sharma, Manoj
name: Shi, Zumin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*. (DOC 125 kb)
Low temperature properties of PMA binder and mixes and thermal cracking prediction of asphalt pavement
Creators: name: Bai, Bao-Qin
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 216-240
description: This thesis describes a system for the evaluation of the low temperature properties of asphalt mixes resisting thermal cracking. Two modifiers, SBS and EVA, were used for asphalt modification. BBR and DTT were used to investigate low temperature creep and fracture properties of asphalt binders; IDT was used to study those of asphalt mixes. The modification with SBS was found more effective than that with EVA. Two existing empirical methods for mix stiffness prediction were evaluated. It was found that the Bonnaure method predicts relatively accurate mix stiffness, but the Heukelom and Klomp method significantly underestimates it. The possibility to predict the mix tensile strength was also investigated. It was found that the normalized mix tensile strength is well-correlated with the mix failure stiffness; the maximum tensile strength of mixes is well correlated with that of binders. It is suggested that the current Superpave asphalt binder specification (AASHTO MPla) should not use the pavement constant 18 and the DTT binder strength to predict the mix cracking temperatures. The thermal stress should be calculated using the mix creep properties predicted from those of the binders. The mix tensile strength can be found by the concept of practical stiffness and the mix maximum tensile strength, which can be either tested using IDT or predicted from that of the binders. The two existing explicit models, CAS and CASB, were examined to extend stiffness master curves. The stiffness master curves predicted by Van der Poel nomograph were modified as an alternative model for the same purpose. The restraint by the pavement surface course itself is one of the predominant factors to cause thermal cracking. Based on this mechanism and the analysis of the stored strain energy in asphalt pavement due to temperature drop, a theoretical cracking frequency prediction model using the energy criteria was developed. It was found that the prediction with this model is generally consistent with the IDT testing results in terms of the low temperature property evaluation of asphalt mixes and also consistent with the field observations, that the thicker the asphalt pavement, the longer the crack spacing.
Zum Geleit: Natur in Transition: Europäische Lyrik nach 1945
Creators: name: Braun, Michael
name: Valtolina, Amelia
name: Stahl, Henrieke
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2021

description: Am 22. und 23. Oktober 2019 fand an der Universität Bergamo ein “Convegno internazionale” über „Europäische Naturlyrik nach 1945“ mit Forscher:innen aus Italien und Deutschland statt. Bei freundlichem Herbstwetter wurden „Gespräche über Bäume“ unternommen, die von Brechts bekanntem Vers über Celans Naturlyrik bis zur Legitimation eines solchen „Gesprächs“ reichten. Der Horizont der Diskussion wurde komparatistisch ausgezogen und erstreckte sich auf die französische, die luxemburgische, die englische, die italienische und die deutsche Naturdichtung. Angesichts der Ideenfülle der Beiträge entschieden sich die Initiator:innen der Tagung dazu, die Beiträge auf zwei Bände zu verteilen: auf einen Themenband über Bäume in der zeitgenössischen Naturlyrik1 und den vorliegenden Band, in den die über das Baum-Motiv hinauswachsenden Beiträge der Tagung Eingang gefunden haben. Die Konferenz sowie die beiden daraus hervorgegangenen Bände sind ein Ergebnis der Zusammenarbeit von Amelia Valtolina (Bergamo) und Michael Braun (Berlin) mit der an der Universität Trier angesiedelten DFG-Kolleg-Forschungsgruppe 2603 „Russischsprachige Lyrik in Transition. Poetische Formen des Umgangs mit Grenzen der Gattung, Sprache, Kultur und Gesellschaft zwischen Europa, Asien und Amerika“. Die Vorträge dieser Konferenz nahmen das Wechselspiel von Geschichte und Natur im poetischen Wort, die Dialektik von Romantisierung und Dämonisierung der Natur sowie die Doppelfunktion von Modernekritik und Zivilisationsmüdigkeit im Naturgedicht in den Blick. Es ging um die Fort- oder Neuschreibung von Traditionen und Genres sowie um die Poetik und Ästhetik des Naturgedichts im kulturellen und historischen Wandel. Entsprechend rückt der Titel des vorliegenden Bandes das immer wieder in der Diskussion unter den Vortra genden hervorgehobene Transitorische des Naturbegriffes ins Zentrum.
Left ventricular filling dynamics
Creators: name: Flewitt, Jacqueline Allison
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 109-117
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: The Windkessel theory was effectively incorporated into wave intensity analysis (WIA) by correcting left ventricular (L V) wave intensity results for the effects of compliance. The corrected WIA revealed a sixty percent greater role of diastolic suction in early filling than previously calculated. 1 The backward expansion wave of diastolic suction consistently prevailed over the forward compression wave of LA passive decompression in determining the acceleration portion of the E wave. Little evidence of wave action was found to explain the deceleration portion of the E wave and an equilibrating reservoir model was proposed. A number of inconsistencies were found between the early filling velocity and flow waveforms which are believed to be a function of the changing mitral valve area. It is proposed that the morphodynamic advantage is to maintain and conserve momentum through the mitral valve in preparation for ventricular ejection.
GRB 100418A: a Long GRB without a Bright Supernova in a High-Metallicity Host Galaxy
Creators: name: Niino, Yuu
name: Hashimoto, Tetsuya
name: Aoki, Kentaro
name: Hattori, Takashi
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a search for a supernova (SN) component associated with GRB 100418A at the redshift of 0.624. The field of GRB 100418A was observed with FOCAS on Subaru 8.2m telescope under a photometric condition (seeing 0.3"-0.4") on 2010 May 14 (UT). The date corresponds to 25.6 days after the burst trigger (15.8 days in the restframe). We did imaging observations in V, Rc, and Ic bands, and two hours of spectrophotometric observations. We got the resolved host galaxy image which elongated 1.6" (= 11 kpc) from north to south. No point source was detected on the host galaxy. The time variation of Rc-band magnitude shows that the afterglow of GRB 100418A has faded to Rc \sim > 24 without SN like rebrightening, when we compare our measurement to the reports in GCN circulars. We could not identify any SN feature such as broad emission-lines or bumps in our spectrum. Assuming the SN is fainter than the 3σ noise spectrum of our observation, we estimate the upper limit on the SN absolute magnitude MIc,obs > -17.2 in observer frame Ic-band. This magnitude is comparable to the faintest type Ic SNe. We also estimate host galaxy properties from the spectrum. The host galaxy of GRB 100418A is relatively massive (log M_{star}/M_{sun} = 9.54) compared to typical long GRB host galaxies, and has 12+log(O/H) = 8.75.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ, changed figure 8 and related text
Almost Tight Lower Bounds for Hard Cutting Problems in Embedded Graphs
Creators: name: Cohen-Addad, Vincent
name: De Verdière, Éric Colin
name: Marx, Dániel
name: De Mesmay, Arnaud
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We prove essentially tight lower bounds, conditionally to the Exponential Time Hypothesis, for two fundamental but seemingly very different cutting problems on surface-embedded graphs: the Shortest Cut Graph problem and the Multiway Cut problem. A cut graph of a graph G embedded on a surface S is a subgraph of G whose removal from S leaves a disk. We consider the problem of deciding whether an unweighted graph embedded on a surface of genus G has a cut graph of length at most a given value. We prove a time lower bound for this problem of nΩ(g log g) conditionally to the ETH. In other words, the first nO(g)-time algorithm by Erickson and Har-Peled [SoCG 2002, Discr. Comput. Geom. 2004] is essentially optimal. We also prove that the problem is W[1]-hard when parameterized by the genus, answering a 17-year-old question of these authors. A multiway cut of an undirected graph G with t distinguished vertices, called terminals, is a set of edges whose removal disconnects all pairs of terminals. We consider the problem of deciding whether an unweighted graph G has a multiway cut of weight at most a given value. We prove a time lower bound for this problem of nΩ(gt+ g2+tlog (g+t)), conditionally to the ETH, for any choice of the genus g ≥ 0 of the graph and the number of terminals t≥ 4. In other words, the algorithm by the second author [Algorithmica 2017] (for the more general multicut problem) is essentially optimal; this extends the lower bound by the third author [ICALP 2012] (for the planar case). Reductions to planar problems usually involve a gridlike structure. The main novel idea for our results is to understand what structures instead of grids are needed if we want to exploit optimally a certain value G of the genus.
Psychophysiologische Korrelate emotionaler Informationsverarbeitung bei Depression und bei Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung im Jugendalter
Creators: name: Klein, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150

description: In meiner Arbeit untersuche ich Besonderheiten in der emotionalen Informationsverarbeitung bei den Störungsbildern Depression und Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Für beide Störungsbilder gibt es in der Literatur populäre Annahmen hinsichtlich bestimmter dysfunktionaler Aufmerksamkeitsprozesse. Ein zentraler Einflussfaktor, welcher das Risiko für PTBS oder Depression beziehungsweise die Entwicklung entsprechender Subtypen dieser Erkrankungen beeinflusst, scheinen frühe traumatische Lebensereignisse zu sein. Es wird in diesem Zusammenhang von schädlichen Einflüssen auf die Stress- und Informationsverarbeitung der Betroffenen ausgegangen.
 Das Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation war es, Besonderheiten in der emotionalen Informationsverarbeitung beider Störungsbilder weiter zu erforschen. In allen drei Studien der Dissertation sollte hierbei die Rolle sozial bedrohlicher Stimuli bei der emotionalen Informationsverarbeitung beleuchtet werden, in den störungsbezogenen Studien sollte zudem übergreifend die Rolle früher traumatischer Kindheitserfahrungen auf verschiedene Stufen der emotionalen Informationsverarbeitung untersucht werden.
 Es zeigte sich in allen drei Studien, dass sozial bedrohliche Stimuli einen besonderen Einfluss auf die emotionale Informationsverarbeitung besitzen, da sie zu distinkten (verstärkten) Amplituden bei Gesunden und Depressiven/PTBS-Patienten führten. Des Weiteren weisen die Ergebnisse der ersten beiden Studien darauf hin, dass Selbstrelevanz einen wichtigen Faktor bei der Integration von Kontextinformationen darstellt, da selbstbezogene Stimuli in beiden Studien zu verstärkten Reaktionen auf die neutralen Gesichter führten. Bei der Untersuchung der depressiven Probanden in Studie 2 wiesen diese im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe eine generell verstärkte frühe Verarbeitung der neutralen Gesichtsausdrücke auf.
 In Bezug auf die Rolle traumatischer Kindheitserfahrungen auf mögliche Subtypen von Depression oder PTBS zeigte sich zum einen, dass physische Missbrauchserlebnisse bei depressiven Probanden mit verringerten Aufmerksamkeitsreaktionen zusammenhingen, während traumatische Kindheitserfahrungen bei Probanden der Kontrollgruppe zu verstärkten Aufmerksamkeitsreaktionen führten. Bei den Probanden der dritten Studie zeigte sich zum anderen eine verstärkte Verarbeitungsreaktion in späteren, bewussteren Bereichen der emotionalen Informationsverarbeitung. Dieses Ergebnis lässt vermuten, dass traumatische Kindheitserfahrungen bei einer adoleszenten PTBS-Patientengruppe möglicherweise zu einer distinkten Form der PTBS führen können, welche insbesondere mit einer intensivierten bewussten Verarbeitung emotionaler Stimuli zusammenhängt.
Persistence of iterated partial sums
Creators: name: Dembo, Amir
name: Ding, Jian
name: Gao, Fuchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G50

description: Let $S_n^{(2)}$ denote the iterated partial sums. That is, $S_n^{(2)}=S_1+S_2+ ... +S_n$, where $S_i=X_1+X_2+ ... s+X_i$. Assuming $X_1, X_2,....,X_n$ are integrable, zero-mean, i.i.d. random variables, we show that the persistence probabilities $$p_n^{(2)}:=\PP(\max_{1\le i \le n}S_i^{(2)}< 0) \le c\sqrt{\frac{\EE|S_{n+1}|}{(n+1)\EE|X_1|}},$$ with $c \le 6 \sqrt{30}$ (and $c=2$ whenever $X_1$ is symmetric). The converse inequality holds whenever the non-zero $\min(-X_1,0)$ is bounded or when it has only finite third moment and in addition $X_1$ is squared integrable. Furthermore, $p_n^{(2)}\asymp n^{-1/4}$ for any non-degenerate squared integrable, i.i.d., zero-mean $X_i$. In contrast, we show that for any $0 < γ< 1/4$ there exist integrable, zero-mean random variables for which the rate of decay of $p_n^{(2)}$ is $n^{-γ}$.
description: overlaps and improves upon an earlier version by Dembo and Gao at arXiv:1101.5743
A Systematic Literature Review of Empirical Methods and Risk Representation in Usable Privacy and Security Research
Creators: name: Distler, Verena
name: Fassl, Matthias
name: Habib, Hana
name: Krombholz, Katharina
name: Lenzini, Gabriele
name: Lallemand, Carine
name: Cranor, Lorrie Faith
name: Koenig, Vincent
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Usable privacy and security researchers have developed a variety of approaches to represent risk to research participants. To understand how these approaches are used and when each might be most appropriate, we conducted a systematic literature review of methods used in security and privacy studies with human participants. From a sample of 633 papers published at five top conferences between 2014 and 2018 that included keywords related to both security/privacy and usability, we systematically selected and analyzed 284 full-length papers that included human subjects studies. Our analysis focused on study methods; risk representation; the use of prototypes, scenarios, and educational intervention; the use of deception to simulate risk; and types of participants. We discuss benefits and shortcomings of the methods, and identify key methodological, ethical, and research challenges when representing and assessing security and privacy risk. We also provide guidelines for the reporting of user studies in security and privacy.
Volcanes en movimiento
Creators: name: Moreno Medina, Claudio J.
name: Perez-Torrado, F. J.
name: Rodriguez-Gonzalez, A.
name: Cabrera Santana, M. C.
name: Carracedo Gómez, J. C.
name: Diaz Rodriguez, S.
name: Fernandez-Turiel, J. L.
name: Criado Hernandez, C.
name: Aulinas Junca, M.
name: Prieto-Torrell, C.
Publisher: name: DIGITAL.CSIC
Year: 2021
Subjects: Volcanes
Geoforrmas
Lajial
Deslizamientos gigantes
Dorsales
El Hierro
Islas Canarias
Volcanoes
Geophorms
Giant landslides
Rifts
Canary Islands

description: Filename 1: Panel1-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 2: Panel2-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 3: Panel3-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 4: Panel4-VolcanesMovimiento,pdf; Filename 5: Panel5-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 6: Panel6-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 7: Panel7-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 8: Panel8-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf
description: [ES] A través de una colección de ocho paneles se explica la historia geológica de la isla de El Hierro. Se contextualiza cómo se formaron y evolucionaron las Islas Canarias y se introduce el nacimiento de El Hierro. A continuación, se observan los paisajes herreños como respuesta a fenómenos de macroescala, como los deslizamientos gigantes y las dorsales (rifts), y microescala (conos, lavas e islas bajas). Se expone la última erupción de la isla que dio lugar al volcán submarino Tagoro. Finalmente, se presenta cómo los herreños se han adaptado al territorio, sabiendo aprovechar sus escasos recursos hídricos y adaptando su modo de vida al paisaje volcánico que le rodea, consiguiendo que la isla al completo haya sido declarada por la UNESCO Reserva Mundial de la Biosfera en el año 2000 y Geoparque en el año 2015.
description: [EN] We explain the geological history of the island of El Hierro through a collection of eight panels. How the Canary Islands were formed and evolved is contextualized, and we introduce the birth of El Hierro. Next, we observe the landscapes of El Hierro as a response to macro-scale, such as giant landslides and rifts, and micro-scale phenomena (cones, lavas, and shore platforms). The last eruption of the island that gave rise to the Tagoro submarine volcano is also exposed. Finally, we present how the Herreños have adapted to the territory, knowing how to take advantage of its scarce water resources and adapt their way of life to the volcanic landscape, achieving that the entire island was declared in 2000 a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve and Geopark in 2015.
description: Filename 1: Panel1-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 2: Panel2-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 3: Panel3-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 4: Panel4-VolcanesMovimiento,pdf; Filename 5: Panel5-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 6: Panel6-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 7: Panel7-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf; Filename 8: Panel8-VolcanesMovimiento.pdf
Chiral symmetry breaking via crystallization of the glycine and α-amino acid system: a mathematical model
Creators: name: Blanco, Celia
name: Hochberg, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and numerically solve a mathematical model of the experimentally established mechanisms responsible for the symmetry breaking transition observed in the chiral crystallization experiments reported by I. Weissbuch, L. Addadi, L. Leiserowitz and M. Lahav, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110 (1988), 561-567. The mathematical model is based on five basic processes: (1) The formation of achiral glycine clusters in solution, (2) The nucleation of oriented glycine crystals at the air/water interface in the presence of hydrophobic amino acids, (3) A kinetic orienting effect which inhibits crystal growth, (4) The enantioselective occlusion of the amino acids from solution, and (5) The growth of oriented host glycine crystals at the interface. We translate these processes into differential rate equations. We first study the model with the orienting process (2) without (3) and then combine both allowing us to make detailed comparisons of both orienting effects which actually act in unison in the experiment. Numerical results indicate that the model can yield a high percentage orientation of the mixed crystals at the interface and the consequent resolution of the initially racemic mixture of amino acids in solution. The model thus leads to separation of enantiomeric territories, the generation and amplification of optical activity by enantioselective occlusion of chiral additives through chiral surfaces of glycine crystals.
Psychomotoriktherapie für Jugendliche mit Essstörungen. Ein Konzept für die Deutschschweiz
Creators: name: Triebs, Anina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Psychomotorik
Psychomotoriktherapie
Essstörung
Konzept
Bachelorarbeit

description: Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es ein Konzept für den Aufbau und den Ablauf einer Psychomotoriktherapie für Jugendliche mit einer Essstörung (Anorexia und Bulimia Nervosa) zu entwickeln. Dabei wird untersucht, welche Voraussetzungen notwendig wären, um ein solches Angebot in der Deutschschweiz zu etablieren. Es wird auf wichtige Voraussetzungen und Inhalte für eine Therapie mit Jugendlichen mit einer Essstörung eingegangen. Die Konzepterstellung basiert auf einer Literaturrecherche zu bereits bestehenden körper- und bewegungsorientierten Therapien von anderen europäischen Ländern, nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien, sowie Reviews und Metaanalysen für die Betreuung von Menschen mit Essstörungen. Zudem soll erarbeitet werden, wie sich eine Psychomotoriktherapie für Jugendliche mit Essstörungen in der Deutschschweiz finanzieren und implementieren lässt. Dafür wird ein Experteninterview mit einer der Geschäftsleiterinnen des Verbandes Psychomotorik Schweiz gemacht. Damit sich das Konzept an die tatsächliche psychomotorische Praxis in der Schweiz anlehnt, werden zwei weitere Experteninterviews mit psychomotorischen Fachpersonen aus der Schweiz durchgeführt. Dabei werden konkret psychomotorische Fachpersonen befragt, welche bereits mit von Essstörungen betroffenen Jugendlichen arbeiten. Durch die Interviews mit Ergänzung eines Fragebogens soll eine erste Evaluation des Konzeptes stattfinden. Diese soll Anknüpfungspunkte für die Überarbeitung des Konzeptes liefern und erfragen wo praktizierende Psychomotoriktherapeut:innen die Chancen und Grenzen einer Psychomotoriktherapie für Jugendliche mit Essstörungen in der Deutschschweiz sehen.
 Es zeigt sich, dass eine Implementierung des vorliegenden Konzeptes vor allem Pionierarbeit benötigt und wahrscheinlich am ehesten in Form eines Pilotprojektes durchgeführt werden könnte. Bei den Vorgaben, dem Aufbau und wichtigen Inhalten, ist es möglich sich auf bereits bestehende körper- und bewegungsorientierte Therapien und internationale sowie nationale Leitlinien in der Betreuung von Menschen mit Essstörungen zu stützen und diese auf die Gegebenheiten vor Ort anzupassen.
Practice Abstract #15: Nextfood educational strategy, year 1
Creators: name: Steiro, Åsmund Lægreid
name: Lenaerts, Lutgart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NextFood; h2020; practice abstracts; educational strategy

description: This document reports on the outcomes of implementing the Nextfood educational strategy during the first year of the project.
Counting Homomorphisms to K4-minor-free Graphs, modulo 2
Creators: name: Focke, Jacob
name: Goldberg, Leslie Ann
name: Roth, Marc
name: Živný, Stanislav
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the problem of computing the parity of the number of homomorphisms from an input graph G to a fixed graph H. Faben and Jerrum [ToC'15] introduced an explicit criterion on the graph H and conjectured that, if satisfied, the problem is solvable in polynomial time and, otherwise, the problem is complete for the complexity class #P of parity problems. We verify their conjecture for all graphs H that exclude the complete graph on 4 vertices as a minor. Further, we rule out the existence of a subexponential-time algorithm for the #P-complete cases, assuming the randomised Exponential Time Hypothesis. Our proofs introduce a novel method of deriving hardness from globally defined substructures of the fixed graph H. Using this, we subsume all prior progress towards resolving the conjecture (Faben and Jerrum [ToC'15]; Göbel, Goldberg and Richerby [ToCT'14,'16]). As special cases, our machinery also yields a proof of the conjecture for graphs with maximum degree at most 3, as well as a full classification for the problem of counting list homomorphisms, modulo 2.
Electric field sensing near the surface microstructure of an atom chip using cold Rydberg atoms
Creators: name: Carter, J. D.
name: Cherry, O.
name: Martin, J. D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric fields near the heterogeneous metal/dielectric surface of an atom chip were measured using cold atoms. The atomic sensitivity to electric fields was enhanced by exciting the atoms to Rydberg states that are 10^8 times more polarizable than the ground state. We attribute the measured fields to charging of the insulators between the atom chip wires. Surprisingly, it is observed that these fields may be dramatically lowered with appropriate voltage biasing, suggesting configurations for the future development of hybrid quantum systems.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Using t -> b \bar{b} c to Search for New Physics
Creators: name: Kiers, Ken
name: Knighton, Tal
name: London, David
name: Russell, Matthew
name: Szynkman, Alejandro
name: Webster, Kari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider new-physics (NP) contributions to the decay t -> b \bar{b} c. We parameterize the NP couplings by an effective Lagrangian consisting of 10 Lorentz structures. We show that the presence of NP can be detected through the measurement of the partial width. A partial identification of the NP can be achieved through the measurements of a forward-backward-like asymmetry, a top-quark-spin-dependent asymmetry, the partial rate asymmetry, and a triple-product asymmetry. These observables, which vanish in the standard model, can all take values in the 10-20% range in the presence of NP. Since |V_{tb}V_{cb}| \simeq |V_{ts} V_{cs}|, most of our results also hold, with small changes, for t -> s \bar{s} c.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures; made a few small corrections, results unchanged
Air-fuel ratio control in spark ignition internal combustion engines using switching LPV techniques
Creators: name: Postma, Marius
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) is a critical component for the mitigation of tailpipe emissions of modern Internal Combustion (IC) engines. Because the TWC operates effectively only when a stoichiometric ratio of air and fuel is combusted in the engine, accurate control of the air-fuel ratio is required. To track the desired ratio, a switching Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) air-fuel ratio feedback controller, scheduled based on engine speed and air flow, and providing guaranteed L2 performance, is introduced. The controller measures the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust flow using a Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen (UEGO) sensor and adjusts the amount of fuel injected accordingly. A detailed model of the air-fuel ratio control problem is developed to demonstrate the non-linear and parameter-dependent nature of the plant, as well as the presence of pure delays. The model’s dynamics vary considerably with engine speed and air flow. A simplified model, widely used in literature and known as a First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) model, is then derived. It effectively captures the control problem using a model which is linear but parameter-varying with engine speed and air flow. Large variation of the FOPDT model across the engine’s operating range has led to conservative LPV controllers in previous literature. For this reason, the operating range is divided into smaller subregions, and an individual LPV controller is designed for each subregion. The LPV controllers are then switched based on the current engine speed and air flow and are collectively referred to as a switching LPV controller. The controller design problem is expressed as a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI ) convex optimization problem which can be efficiently solved using available LMI techniques. Simulations are performed and the air-fuel ratio tracking performance of the switching LPV controller is compared with that of conventional controllers including, H∞ and LPV, as well as a novel adaptive controller. The switching LPV controller achieves improved performance over the complete operating range of the engine.
Equilibrium winding angle of a polymer around a bar
Creators: name: Walter, Jean-Charles
name: Barkema, Gerard
name: Carlon, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The winding angle probability distribution of a planar self-avoiding walk has been known exactly since a long time: it has a gaussian shape with a variance growing as $\sim \ln L$. For the three-dimensional case of a walk winding around a bar, the same scaling is suggested, based on a first-order epsilon-expansion. We tested this three-dimensional case by means of Monte Carlo simulations up to length $L\approx25\,000$ and using exact enumeration data for sizes $L\le20$. We find that the variance of the winding angle scales as $\sim (\ln L)^{2α}$, with $α=0.75(1)$. The ratio $γ= /^2=3.74(5)$ is incompatible with the gaussian value $γ=3$, but consistent with the observation that the tail of the probability distribution function $p(θ)$ is found to decrease slower than a gaussian function. These findings are at odds with the existing first-order $ε$-expansion results.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
CTET+: A Beyond-Birthday-Bound Secure Tweakable Enciphering Scheme Using a Single Pseudorandom Permutation
Creators: name: Cogliati, Benoît-Michel
name: Ethan, Jordan
name: Lallemand, Virginie
name: Lee, Byeonghak
name: Lee, Jooyoung
name: Minier, Marine
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: In this work, we propose a construction of 2-round tweakable substitution- permutation networks using a single secret S-box. This construction is based on non-linear permutation layers using independent round keys, and achieves security beyond the birthday bound in the random permutation model. When instantiated with an n-bit block cipher with κ-bit keys, the resulting tweakable block cipher, dubbed CTET+, can be viewed as a tweakable enciphering scheme that encrypts wn-bit messages for any integer w ≥2 using 5n + κ-bit keys and n-bit tweaks, providing 2n/3-bit security. Compared to the 2-round non-linear SPN analyzed in [CDK+18], we both minimize it by requiring a single permutation, and weaken the requirements on the middle linear layer, allowing better performance. As a result, CTET+ becomes the first tweakable enciphering scheme that provides beyond-birthday-bound security using a single permutation, while its efficiency is still comparable to existing schemes including AES-XTS, EME, XCB and TET. Furthermore, we propose a new tweakable enciphering scheme, dubbed AES6-CTET+, which is an actual instantiation of CTET+ using a reduced round AES block cipher as the underlying secret S-box. Extensive cryptanalysis of this algorithm allows us to claim 127 bits of security. Such tweakable enciphering schemes with huge block sizes become desirable in the context of disk encryption, since processing a whole sector as a single block significantly worsens the granularity for attackers when compared to, for example, AES-XTS, which treats every 16-byte block on the disk independently. Besides, as a huge amount of data is being stored and encrypted at rest under many different keys in clouds, beyond-birthday-bound security will most likely become necessary in the short term.
A possible physical connection between helium-rich stellar populations of massive globular clusters and the UV upturn of galactic spheroids
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a possible physical connection between helium-rich (Y > 0.35) stellar populations of massive globular clusters (GCs) and the ultraviolet (UV) upturn of galactic spheroids by using analytical and numerical models. In our model, all stars are initially formed as bound or unbound star clusters (SCs) formed from giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and the SCs can finally become GCs, open clusters, and field stars depending on physical properties of their host GMCs. An essential ingredient of the model is that helium-rich stars are formed almost purely from gas ejected from massive asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The helium-rich star formation is assumed to occur within massive SCs if the masses of the progenitor GMCs are larger than a threshold mass (M_thres). These massive SCs can finally become either massive GCs or helium-rich field stars depending on whether they are disintegrated or not. Using this model, we show that if the initial mass functions (IMFs) in galactic spheroids are mildly top-heavy, then the mass fractions of helium-rich main-sequence stars (F_He) can be as large as ~ 0.1 for M_thres=10^7 M_sun. F_He is found to depend on IMFs and M_thres such that it can be larger for shallower IMFs and smaller M_thres. The inner regions of galactic spheroids show larger F_He in almost all models. Based on these results, we suggest that if the UV upturn of elliptical galaxies is due to the larger fractions of helium-rich stars, then the origin can be closely associated with top-heavy IMFs in the galaxies.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted by ApJ
Engelbertus de Colonia
Creators: name: Engelbert
name: Rudolfus
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1400

description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Latein
description: Aus dem Dominikanerkonvent Basel: kein Besitzeintrag, aber Signatur auf dem Titelschild "E 23"; Schmidt Nr. 159.
description: Stricker, Stefanie. - Basel ÖBU. B IX 31. Studien zur Überlieferung des Summarium Heinrici Langfassung Buch XI (Studien zum Althochdeutschen, 13). - Göttingen, 1989
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Dez. 2009 Titel, Jahr und Signatur nach: Steinmann, ungedruckte Beschreibung
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Minimalaufnahme nach: Steinmann, ungedruckte Beschreibung
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juli 2018 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Normalaufnahme nach: Steinmann, ungedruckte Beschreibung, mit Ergänzungen Malgonne
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juli 2018 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln revidiert Studer/Malgonne
description: Erschliessungsniveau Normalniveau
Data-driven equation for drug-membrane permeability across drugs and membranes
Creators: name: Dutta, Arghya
name: Vreeken, Jilles
name: Ghiringhelli, Luca M.
name: Bereau, Tristan
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Drug efficacy depends on its capacity to permeate across the cell membrane. We consider the prediction of passive drug-membrane permeability coefficients. Beyond the widely recognized correlation with hydrophobicity, we additionally consider the functional relationship between passive permeation and acidity. To discover easily interpretable equations that explain the data well, we use the recently proposed sure-independence screening and sparsifying operator (SISSO), an artificial-intelligence technique that combines symbolic regression with compressed sensing. Our study is based on a large in silico dataset of 0.4 × 106 small molecules extracted from coarse-grained simulations. We rationalize the equation suggested by SISSO via an analysis of the inhomogeneous solubility-diffusion model in several asymptotic acidity regimes. We further extend our analysis to the dependence on lipid-membrane composition. Lipid-tail unsaturation plays a key role but surprisingly contributes stepwise rather than proportionally. Our results are in line with previously observed changes in permeability, suggesting the distinction between liquid-disordered and liquid-ordered permeation. Together, compressed sensing with analytically derived asymptotes establish and validate an accurate, broadly applicable, and interpretable equation for passive permeability across both drug and lipid-tail chemistry.