cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does size play a role in induced displacement in magneto-motive ultrasound imaging?
Creators: name: Arsalani, Saeideh
name: Hadadian, Yaser
name: Arsalani, Soudabeh
name: Baffa, Oswaldo
name: Pavan, Theo Z.
name: Carneiro, Antonio Adilton. O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Magneto-motive ultrasound, shear wave, magnetic nanoparticles, mechanical properties.

description: Over the past decade, a technique called magneto-motive ultrasound imaging (MMUS) has been established to obtain displacement of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) due to the interaction between MNPs and the magnetic field. Recently, shear wave dispersion magneto-motive ultrasound imaging (SDMMUS), which is a subdivision of MMUS modality, has been introduced as a novel elasticity imaging to obtain viscoelastic properties of soft tissue mimicking phantoms labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles. In this technique, an alternating external magnetic field applied to induce displacements in order of micrometers and the mechanical properties of the medium results from these movements. Here, two different iron oxide MNPs synthesized by co-precipitation method, having the same saturation magnetizations but two different mean particle sizes were used as contrast agent in MMUS. Gelatin tissue mimicking phantoms were prepared containing inclusion with the MNPs to perform the experiments. According to the obtained results, the induced displacements were almost the same for both samples, suggesting in MNPs with the same magnetization and the mean size ranges studied here, the effect of size on the induced displacement can be neglected. Moreover, the mechanical properties of phantoms were reported the same values for both MNPs used.
ЭТАПЫ РАЗВИТИЯ МИКРОБИОЛОГИИ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В МЕДИЦИНЕ
Creators: name: Джураева, Рабахан
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной статье анализируется тот факт, что микробиология имеет свою историю, аналогичную другим наукам. В статье также упоминается, что микробиология — это изучение очень мелких организмов, невидимых невооруженным глазом и видимых только с помощью светового или электронного микроскопа.
The Btev Program
Creators: name: Stone, Sheldon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A brief description is given of BTeV a proposed program at the Fermilab collider sited at the C0 intersection region. The main goals are measurement of mixing, CP violation and rare decays in both the $b$ and charm systems. The detector is a two arm forward-backward spectrometer capable of triggering on detached vertices and dileptons, and possessing excellent particle identification, electron, photon and muon detection.
A farewell to the MNCS and like size-independent indicators
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The arguments presented demonstrate that the Mean Normalized Citation Score (MNCS) and other size-independent indicators based on the ratio to publications are not indicators of research performance. The article provides examples of the distortions when rankings by MNCS are compared to those based on indicators of productivity. The authors propose recommendations for the scientometric community to switch to ranking by research efficiency, instead of MNCS and other size-independent indicators.
Rapidity dependent transverse momentum spectra of heavy quarkonia produced in small collision systems at the LHC
Creators: name: Gao, Li-Na
name: Liu, Fu-Hu
name: Li, Bao-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapidity dependent transverse momentum spectra of heavy quarkonia (J/psi and Upsilon mesons) produced in small collision systems such as proton-proton (pp) and proton-lead (p-Pb) collisions at center-of-mass energy (per nucleon pair) 5-13 TeV are described by a two-component statistical model which is based on the Tsallis statistics and inverse power-law. The experimental data measured by the LHCb Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are well fitted by the model results. The related parameters are obtained and the dependences of parameters on rapidity are analyzed.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. Advances in High Energy Physics, accepted
title: 01_1146
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: 01_2666
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Event Shapes from JADE Data and Studies of Power Corrections
Creators: name: Fernández, P. A. Movilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of event shape observables at PETRA and LEP energies are presented. Previously published determinations of the strong coupling constant α_s at \sqrt{s} = 35 and 44 GeV are complemented using new resummed QCD calculations for the C parameter and improved calculations for the jet broadening variables B_T and B_W which recently became available. Furthermore, recently predicted power corrections to the differential distributions of these observables are investigated. In this study, e^+e^- data between \sqrt{s} = 35 and 183 GeV are considered.
description: 5 pages, uses espcrc2.sty (included) and epsfig.sty, LaTeX2e 8 .eps-files. Talk presented at the QCD98 Euroconference, Montpellier, France, July 2-8, 1998
MPEC 2024-G38 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 April 4)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
TIMSS XALQARO DASTUR LOYIHALARI: ILMIY YONDASHUVLAR VA YECHIMLAR
Creators: name: Sanaqulov, Hamraqul
name: Yusupova, Shahzoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) - 4 va 8-sinf о‘quvchilarining matematika va tabiiy yо‘nalishdagi fanlardan savodxonlik darajasini baholash. Ta’lim sifatini qiyosiy o‘rganishda o‘quvchilarning o‘rganilayotgan aholi namunasini shakllantirishda ma’lum bir o‘quv yili o’quvchilari tanlab olinadi. TIMSS tadqiqotida 4 va 8-sinflardagi o‘quvchilar o‘quv predmeti sifatida tanlab olindi, chunki 4 va 8-sinflarda o‘quv oxirida o‘quv dasturining umumiy bajarilishi baholandi.
The combined effects of age and seniority on research performance of full professors
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
name: Murgia, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we examine the relationship between research performance, age, and seniority in academic rank of full professors in the Italian academic system. Differently from a large part of the previous literature, our results generally show a negative monotonic relationship between age and research performance, in all the disciplines under analysis. We also highlight a positive relationship between seniority in rank and performance, occurring particularly in certain disciplines. While in Medicine, Biology and Chemistry this result could be explained by the "accumulative advantage" effect, in other disciplines, like Civil engineering and Pedagogy and Psychology, it could be due to the existence of a large performance differential between young and mature researchers, at the moment of the promotion to full professors. These results, witnessed both generally and at the level of the individual disciplines, offer useful insights for policy makers and academia administrators on the role of older professors.
Wide binary companions to massive stars and their use in constraining natal kicks
Creators: name: Igoshev, Andrei P.
name: Perets, Hagai B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of ultra-wide massive binaries (orbital separations $10^3-2\times 10^5$~AU) and their properties are not well characterized nor understood. Here we use the second Gaia data release to search for wide astrometric companions to Galactic O-B5 stars which share similar parallax and proper motion with the primaries. Using the data we characterize the frequency and properties of such binaries. We find an ultra-wide multiplicity fraction of $4.4\pm0.5$ per cent, to our completeness limit (up to $\approx 17$~mag; down to G-stars at distances of 0.3-2~kpc, excluding stars in clusters). The secondary mass-function is generally consistent with a Kroupa initial stellar function; if extrapolated to lower mass companion stars we then might expect a wide-binary fraction of $\sim 27\pm5\%$. In addition we use these data as a verification sample to test the existence of ultra-wide binaries among neutron stars (NSs) and black holes (BHs). We propose that the discovery of such binary can provide unique constraints on the weakest natal kicks possible for NSs/BHs. If a compact object is formed in an ultra-wide binary and receives a very-low natal kick, such a binary should survive as a common proper motion pair. We therefore use Gaia data to search for ultra-wide companions to pulsars (normal and millisecond ones) and X-ray binaries. We find no reliable pairs. Future data could potentially provide stringent constraints through this method.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted to the MNRAS on April 8
Optical Properties of MFe_4P_12 filled skutterudites
Creators: name: Dordevic, S. V.
name: Dilley, N. R.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Basov, D. N.
name: Maple, M. B.
name: Degiorgi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared reflectance spectroscopy measurements were made on four members of the MFe_4P_12 family of filled skutterudites, with M=La, Th, Ce and U. In progressing from M=La to U the system undergoes a metal-insulator transition. It is shown that, although the filling atom induces such dramatic changes in the transport properties of the system, it has only a small effect on lattice dynamics. We discuss this property of the compounds in the context of their possible thermoelectric applications.
description: Manuscript in ReVTeX format, 7 figures in PostScirpt format
High Reverse Breakdown A-C:H/Si Diodes Manufactured by rf-Pecvd
Creators: name: Shashi, Paul
name: Clough, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) deposited by radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (rf-PECVD) have been studied for various applications. An interesting property of these films is their high breakdown strength (107 Vcm-1). This property of a-C:H can be exploited in high breakdown heterostructure diodes or as passivation layers and insulator layers in MIS devices. Reports on the applications of a-C:H/Si diodes exist in the literature. Diodes in which the a-C:H films have been deposited by rf-PECVD, have been reported only once. In this article the diodes produced reportedly failed to exhibit reproducible I-V characteristics under high voltage stress. We have investigated the process dependence of structural and electrical properties of rf-PECVD a-C:H films deposited at room temperature from a CH4/Ar gas mixture (at a pressure of 100 mTorr) using a capacitively coupled rf-PECVD. We observe a clear correlation between the dc-self bias and the rectification ratio of a-C:H/Si heterojunction diodes. Optimised diodes show rectification ratios upto 104 and a stable reverse breakdown voltage, typically around 850 V. I-V and C-V measurements show no evidence of hystersis. Scanning Electron Microscopy was carried out to determine the quality of the films deposited. Micro-Raman analysis was used to estimate the ID/IG ratio in the films deposited under different dc-self bias.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Development of Efficient Orthogonal Space Time Block Coding in Massive MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Derbash, Marie
Publisher: name: College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby
Year: 2025
Subjects: Massive MIMO,Orthogonal Space-Time Block, Coding (OSTBC), Efficient Coding Schemes, MIMO Systems, Wireless Communication

description: The fifth generation (5G) of wireless networks is cantered on meeting soaring data demands through innovative technologies, among which multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have emerged as pivotal. Traditional MIMO, with configurations of up to eight antennas, has significantly boosted throughput in dense urban environments without increasing spectrum or power requirements. Massive MIMO, an evolution involving dozens to hundreds of antennas, magnifies these benefits by enhancing spatial multiplexing and link reliability, thus becoming a cornerstone of 5G standards. However, this scaling introduces new challenges in hardware complexity and signal processing. A notable solution explored in this research is the enhancement of orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC) through the integration of Hadamard matrices. By embedding the Hadamard structure within traditional extended OSTBC, the system achieves a fourfold increase in transmitter diversity order, which directly translates to improved robustness against fading and channel impairments. Simultaneously, this approach reduces hardware complexity by enabling simpler transmitter architecture without compromising performance. Analytical derivations and simulation results corroborate the effectiveness of this strategy, suggesting that Hadamard-enhanced OSTBC can offer a practical pathway to harness the full potential of massive MIMO in 5G networks. This dual benefit of higher reliability and reduced complexity is especially pertinent as network operators seek scalable, cost-effective solutions to deploy massive MIMO at scale.
title: Online-characterization of dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators for optimized efficiency of aerodynamical flow control applications
Creators: name: Kriegseis, J.
name: Schröter, D.
name: Grundmann, S.
name: Tropea, C.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: The impact of fluctuating and transient kinematic and thermodynamic airflow conditions on the performance of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators is demonstrated. A novel online-characterization and control approach is introduced, revealing the possibility of compensating for impaired discharge performance due to changing airflow scenarios during actuator operation. The goal of controlling the plasma actuator performance online and in situ is achieved and successfully demonstrated.
Sensitivity analysis from When to kill a cull: factors affecting the success of culling wildlife for disease control
Creators: name: Prentice, Jamie C.
name: Fox, Naomi J.
name: Hutchings, Michael R.
name: Piran C. L. White
name: Davidson, Ross S.
name: Marion, Glenn
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional sensitivity analyses showing robustness of the model findings to variations in demographic and disease parameters.
Entanglement structure of a quantum simulator: the two-component Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Morera, Ivan
name: Polls, Artur
name: Juliá-Díaz, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum simulator of the Heisenberg chain with ferromagnetic interactions based on the two-component 1D Bose-Hubbard model at filling equal to two in the strong coupling regime. The entanglement properties of the ground state are compared between the original spin model and the quantum simulator as the interspecies interaction approaches the intraspecies one. A numerical study of the entanglement properties of the quantum simulator state is supplemented with analytical expressions derived from the simulated Hamiltonian. At the isotropic point, the entanglement properties of the simulated system are not properly predicted by the quantum simulator.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Soluble Infinite-Range Model of Kinetic Roughening
Creators: name: Marsili, M.
name: Bray, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modified Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is introduced, and solved exactly in the infinite-range limit. In the low-noise limit the system exhibits a weak-to-strong coupling transition, rounded for non-zero noise, as a function of the KPZ non-linearity. The strong-coupling regime is characterised by a double-peaked height distribution in the stationary state. The nonstationary dynamics is quite different from that of the stationary state.
description: 13 pages, revtex, 1 postscript figure
Hybrids and Quark Confinement
Creators: name: Swanson, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has become traditional to assume that the Dirac structure of the phenomenological quark confinement potential is scalar $\otimes$ scalar. We use the heavy quark expansion of the Coulomb gauge QCD Hamiltonian and the Flux Tube model to demonstrate that this is true but in the effective sense only. The demonstration contains some surprises: confinement is actually vector $\otimes$ vector and it is nonperturbative mixing between ordinary and hybrid $Q \bar Q$ states which generates the scalar-like spin dependent potential at order $1/m_q^2$. Thus the existence of hybrids is crucial to establishing well-known spin splitting phenomenology. Finally, the resolution also indicates that the gluonic degrees of freedom in a hybrid must be of a collective nature.
description: 11 pages, 4 eps figures, uses sprocl.sty
Rate-and-State Theory of Plastic Deformation Near a Circular Hole
Creators: name: Langer, J. S.
name: Lobkovsky, Alexander E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a simple rate-and-state theory accounts for most features of both time-independent and time-dependent plasticity in a spatially inhomogeneous situation, specifically, a circular hole in a large stressed plate. Those features include linear viscoelastic flow at small applied stresses, strain hardening at larger stresses, and a dynamic transition to viscoplasticity at a yield stress. In the static limit, this theory predicts the existence of a plastic zone near the hole for some but not all ranges of parameters. The rate-and-state theory also predicts dynamic failure modes that we believe may be relevant to fracture mechanics.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
КЛИНЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОГО ИНСУЛЬТА НА ФОНЕ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА
Creators: name: Наврузова, Зарина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: По современным данным, одним из центральных звеньев патофизиологии ишемического цереброваскулярного эпизода, независимо от причин и механизмов его развития, является дизрегуляция гемореологии и гемостаза, а также дисфункция эндотелия сосудистой стенки, проявляющаяся в повышении свертывающих и депрессии противосвертывающих и фибринолитических свойств крови, уменьшении атромбогенного резерва сосудистой стенки, существенном ухудшении гемореологических свойств и нарушении реактивности клеток крови и сосудистой стенки [1,2].
The large and small scale properties of the intergalactic gas in the Slug Ly-alpha nebula revealed by MUSE HeII emission observations
Creators: name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Pezzulli, Gabriele
name: Lilly, Simon J.
name: Marino, Raffaella A.
name: Gallego, Sofia G.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Bacon, Roland
name: Feltre, Anna
name: Kollatschny, Wolfram
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Richard, Johan
name: Wendt, Martin
name: Wisotzki, Lutz
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a projected size of about 450 kpc at z~2.3, the Slug Ly-alpha nebula is a rare laboratory to study, in emission, the properties of the intergalactic gas in the Cosmic Web. Since its discovery, the Slug has been the subject of several spectroscopic follow-ups to constrain the properties of the emitting gas. Here we report the results of a deep MUSE integral-field spectroscopic search for non-resonant, extended HeII1640 and metal emission. Extended HeII radiation is detected on scales of about 100 kpc, but only in some regions associated with the bright Ly-alpha emission and a continuum-detected source, implying large and abrupt variations in the line ratios across adjacent regions in projected space. The recent detection of associated H-alpha emission and similar abrupt variations in the Ly-alpha kinematics, strongly suggest that the HeII/Ly-alpha gradient is due to large variations in the physical distances between the associated quasar and these regions. This implies that the overall length of the emitting structure could extend to physical Mpc scales and be mostly oriented along our line of sight. At the same time, the relatively low HeII/Ly-alpha values suggest that the emitting gas has a broad density distribution that - if expressed in terms of a lognormal - implies dispersions as high as those expected in the interstellar medium of galaxies. These results strengthen the possibility that the density distribution of intergalactic gas at high-redshift is extremely clumpy and multiphase on scales below our current observational spatial resolution of a few physical kpc.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Measurement of the Average Polarization of b Baryons in Hadronic Z^0 Decays
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: al, G. Abbiendi et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Standard Model, b quarks produced in e^+e^- annihilation at the Z^0 peak have a large average longitudinal polarization of -0.94. Some fraction of this polarization is expected to be transferred to b-flavored baryons during hadronization. The average longitudinal polarization of weakly decaying b baryons, , is measured in approximately 4.3 million hadronic Z^0 decays collected with the OPAL detector between 1990 and 1995 at LEP. Those b baryons that decay semileptonically and produce a Λbaryon are identified through the correlation of the baryon number of the Λand the electric charge of the lepton. In this semileptonic decay, the ratio of the neutrino energy to the lepton energy is a sensitive polarization observable. The neutrino energy is estimated using missing energy measurements. From a fit to the distribution of this ratio, the value = -0.56^{+0.20}_{-0.13} +/- 0.09 is obtained, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures included, submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Importance of Tests for the Complete Lorentz Structure of the t --> W+ b vertex at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Nelson, Charles A.
name: Kress, Brian T.
name: Lopes, Marco
name: McCauley, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general Lorentz-invariant decay-density-matrix for $t\to W^{+}b\to (l^{+}ν)b$, or for $t\to W^{+}b\to (j_{\bar d}j_u)b$, is expressed in terms of eight helicity parameters. The parameters are physically defined in terms of partial-width-intensities for polarized-final-states in $t\to W^{+}b$ decay. The parameters are the partial width, the $b$ quark's chirality parameter $ξ$, the $W^+$ polarimetry parameter $σ$, a "pre-SSB" test parameter $ζ$, and four $W_{L}$-$W_{T}$ interference parameters $η$, $η^{'}$, $ω$, $ω^{'}$ which test for $\tilde T_{FS}$ violation. They can be used to test for non-CKM-type CP violation, anomalous $Γ_{L,T}$'s, top weak magnetism, weak electricity, and second-class currents. By stage-two spin-correlation techniques, percent level statistical uncertainites are typical for measurements at the Tevatron, and several mill level uncertainites are typical at the LHC.
description: Minor clarifications. Expression for r_{+-} corrected. 19 pages LaTex + Tables + 1 Figure
The ratio of top scientists to the academic staff as an indicator of the competitive strength of universities
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
name: Soldatenkova, Anastasiia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to attract and retain talented professors is a distinctive competence of world-class universities and a source of competitive advantage. The ratio of top scientists to academic staff could therefore be an indicator of the competitive strength of the universities. This work identifies the Italian top scientists in over 200 fields, by their research productivity. It then ranks the relative universities by the ratio of top scientists to overall faculty. Finally, it contrasts this list with the ranking list by average productivity of the overall faculty. The analysis is carried out at the field, discipline, and overall university levels. The paper also explores the secondary question of whether the ratio of top scientists to faculty is related to the size of the university.
Seri Bisman - Lima Faedah Studi ke Luar Negeri
Creators: name: Darari, Fariz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Education

description: Studi ke luar negeri? Siapa takut! Banyak manfaat yang akan kamu peroleh dengan mengejar ilmu sampai ke negeri Cina, Jerman, Italia, Australia, Singapura, atau negara-negara destinasi studi lainnya. Yuk mari kita simak 5 faedahnya berikut ini.
Oracles for Gauss's law on digital quantum computers
Creators: name: Stryker, Jesse R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formulating a lattice gauge theory using only physical degrees of freedom generically leads to non-local interactions. A local Hamiltonian is desirable for quantum simulation, and this is possible by treating the Hilbert space as a subspace of a much larger Hilbert space in which Gauss's law is not automatic. Digital quantum simulations of this local formulation will wander into unphysical sectors due to errors from Trotterization or from quantum noise. In this work, oracles are constructed that use local Gauss law constraints to projectively distinguish physical and unphysical wave functions in Abelian lattice gauge theories. Such oracles can be used to detect errors that break Gauss's law.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. v3: Approximate journal version
Structural and molecular modelling studies of antimelanogenic piper-amide TRPM1 antagonists
Creators: name: J.-Y. Lee
name: H. Cho
name: E. Hwang
name: S.Y. Kim
name: S. Kim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Piper-amides exhibit diverse biological activities, including antimelanogenic effects. In our previous studies, we identified a potent piper-amide derivative that inhibited melanogenesis via the TRPM1 calcium channel. Despite its potential as a therapeutic target, the three-dimensional structure of TRPM1 is still not available. Thus, structure-guided compound design and the discovery of novel inhibitors of melanogenesis have been limited. In the present study, a series of computational methods, including homology modelling, docking, molecular dynamics simulation and field-based pharmacophore modelling, were integrated to explore the structural features of natural piper-amide-like compounds related to the TRPM1 target. These studies suggested the binding mode and provided a 3D pharmacophore model of the ligands, which can be helpful in understanding the TRPM1–ligand interactions at the molecular level and in designing potent antagonists of TRPM1.
title: Characterization of U-based thin films: the UFe₂₊ₓ case
Creators: name: Kim-Ngan, Nhu-T. H.
name: Havela, L.
name: Adamska, A. M.
name: Daniš, S.
name: Pešička, J.
name: Macl, J.
name: Eloirdi, R.
name: Huber, F.
name: Gouder, T.
name: Balogh, A. G.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: We have characterized UFe₂₊ₓ films prepared by sputter deposition onto fused silica (SiO₂) and Si(111) substrates with the film thickness ranging from 75 nm to 900 nm. The X-ray diffraction results showed an amorphous character of the deposited material. Some of the films showed in addition a pattern of highly textured cubic Laves phase. Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy with 2 MeV He⁺ ions has been used to determine the composition, thickness and concentration depth profile of the films. A large ageing affect was observed within 1 month after that the films were exposed to air. Magnetic measurements revealed TC increasing with relative Fe concentration and reaching approx. 450 K in UFe₃.₀.
Renormalization Group Approach to the Normal State of Copper-Oxide Superconductors
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J.
name: Guinea, F.
name: Vozmediano, M. A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study by means of renormalization group techniques the effect that on the two-dimensional electron liquid may have the van Hove singularities observed experimentally in the copper-oxide superconductors. We find significant deviations from Fermi liquid behavior, that lead to the appearance of an unstable fixed point in the renormalization group flow of the effective coupling constant. Besides the attenuation of electron quasiparticles already known on phenomenological grounds, our approach is able to explain the reduction in the dispersion of the band as well as the pinning of the Fermi level near the singularity, as observed in the photoemission experiments.
description: Latex manuscript, 29 pages, 4 postcript figures
Organization of the water supply for the Trajanic frontier fort in the Nabataean settlement of Hawara
Creators: Oleson, John Peter
Harvey, Craig A.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

This article explores the impact of Roman imperialism on the water infrastructure of Humayma, Jordan (Nabataean Hawara, Roman Hauarra). In particular, the uniqueness of a large water reservoir within the Roman auxiliary fort at the site is explored in the context of the site as a strategic way point for troop movements in the Province of Arabia. The modification of a previously free-flowing Nabataean aqueduct system with a stop-cock is also discussed as a form of control over water resources of the settlement by Roman forces.
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ У ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА С НАРУШЕНИЕМ ПСИХОМОТОРНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Паноев, Хуршид
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Среди всей патологии эндокринной системы заболевания щитовидной железы занимают ведущее место, а йододефицитные состояния являются одними из самых распространенных неинфекционных заболеваний человека [1,2].
Reconstruction and Particle Identification for a DIRC System
Creators: name: Benayoun, M.
name: Del Buono, L.
name: Leruste, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the reconstruction and particle identification (PID) problem for Ring Imaging devices providing a good knowledge of the direction of the Cerenkov photons, as the DIRC system, on which we specialize. We advocate first the use of the stereographic projection as a tool allowing a suitable representation of the photon data, as it allows to represent the Cerenkov cone always as a circle. We set up an algorithm able to perform reliably a fit of circle arcs of small angular opening, by minimising a true Chi2 expression. The system we develop for PID relies on this algorithm and on a procedure able to remove background photons with a high efficiency. We thus show that, even when the background is large, it is possible to perform an efficient PID by means of a fit algorithm which finally provides all the circle parameters; these are connected with the charged track direction and its Cerenkov angle. It is shown that background effects can be dealt without spoiling significantly the reconstruction probability distributions.
description: 67 pages, 23 figures
The Legal and Ethical Basis of Intellectual Freedom
Creators: name: Estrada-Cuzcano, Alonso
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: The ontological basis of intellectual freedom is a paramount factor for a full understanding as a principle or fundamental value. intellectual freedom performs in two dimensions: first, as a legal principle stemming from a component of information rights whose conception starts from the universal Declaration of Human Rights and, second, as an ethical principle located in the infosphere which is an informational environment articulated by Luciano Floridi. e exercise of intellectual freedom requires three constituent elements: the state through legislation, plans, and programs; professional associations involved in the defense of members with regard to intellectual freedom and academic background; intellectual freedom teaching courses.
Structure Function Subgroup Summary
Creators: name: Harris, D.
name: Olness, F. I.
name: Ritz, S.
name: Albrow, M.
name: Berger, E.
name: Bolton, T.
name: Caldwell, A.
name: El-Khadra, A.
name: Ermolaev, B.
name: Gary, J. W.
name: Hughes, E.
name: Huston, J.
name: Jansen, D.
name: Kim, Y. -K.
name: Krakauer, D.
name: Kuhlmann, S.
name: Lai, H.
name: Naples, D.
name: Qiu, J.
name: Reeder, D.
name: Reno, M. H.
name: Scalise, R. J.
name: Schumm, B.
name: Spentzouris, P.
name: Taylor, C.
name: Tung, W. -K.
name: Wang, J.
name: Wang, X.
name: Ward, B.
name: Weerts, H.
name: White, A.
name: Whitmore, J.
name: Yu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the studies and discussions of the Structure Function subgroup of the QCD working group of the Snowmass 1996 Workshop: New Directions for High Energy Physics.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, 23 PostScript figures, uses epsf.sty and snowhack.cls. Contribution to Snowmass 96 Proceedings. Typographical errors corrected and minor changes made to text
Sub-GeV Dark Matter in Superfluid He-4: an Effective Theory Approach
Creators: name: Acanfora, Francesca
name: Esposito, Angelo
name: Polosa, Antonio D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ an effective field theory to study the detectability of sub-GeV dark matter through its interaction with the gapless excitations of superfluid helium-4. In a quantum field theory language, the possible interactions between the dark matter and the superfluid phonon are solely dictated by symmetry. We compute the rate for the emission of one and two phonons, and show that these two observables combined allow for a large exclusion region for the dark matter masses. Our approach allows a direct calculation of the differential distributions, even though it is limited only to the region of softer phonon excitations, where the effective field theory is well defined. The method presented here is easily extendible to different models of dark matter.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, figures 3 and 4 updated
Impurity States and the Absence of Quasiparticle Localization in Disordered D-Wave Superconductors
Creators: name: Balatsky, A. V.
name: Salkola, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of localization of impurity-induced low-energy quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional $d$-wave superconductor is argued for any amount of disorder in the limit of unitary scatterers. This surprising result follows from the fact that a unitary impurity produces a marginally-bound state at zero energy which decays as a power-law along the nodes of the $d$-wave energy gap. Consequently, for finite density of impurities, the impurity-induced states are coupled by long-range overlaps yielding extended quasiparticle states below a characteristic energy scale $ω_c$. Simple scaling arguments suggest that $ω_c \propto e^{-c/n_{\rm imp}}$, where $n_{\rm imp}$ is the impurity density and $c$ is a positive constant.
description: 4 pages, uuencoded postscript file
Fading of collective attention shapes the evolution of linguistic variants
Creators: name: Shalom, Diego E
name: Sigman, Mariano
name: Mindlin, Gabriel
name: Trevisan, Marcos A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Language change involves the competition between alternative linguistic forms (1). The spontaneous evolution of these forms typically results in monotonic growths or decays (2, 3) like in winner-take-all attractor behaviors. In the case of the Spanish past subjunctive, the spontaneous evolution of its two competing forms (ended in -ra and -se) was perturbed by the appearance of the Royal Spanish Academy in 1713, which enforced the spelling of both forms as perfectly interchangeable variants (4), at a moment in which the -ra form was dominant (5). Time series extracted from a massive corpus of books (6) reveal that this regulation in fact produced a transient renewed interest for the old form -se which, once faded, left the -ra again as the dominant form up to the present day. We show that time series are successfully explained by a two-dimensional linear model that integrates an imitative and a novelty component. The model reveals that the temporal scale over which collective attention fades is in inverse proportion to the verb frequency. The integration of the two basic mechanisms of imitation and attention to novelty allows to understand diverse competing objects, with lifetimes that range from hours for memes and news (7, 8) to decades for verbs, suggesting the existence of a general mechanism underlying cultural evolution.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 3 supplementary figures
A methodology to measure the effectiveness of academic recruitment and turnover
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
name: Rosati, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method to measure the effectiveness of the recruitment and turnover of professors, in terms of their research performance. The method presented is applied to the case of Italian universities over the period 2008-2012. The work then analyses the correlation between the indicators of effectiveness used, and between the indicators and the universities' overall research performance. In countries that conduct regular national assessment exercises, the evaluation of effectiveness in recruitment and turnover could complement the overall research assessments. In particular, monitoring such parameters could assist in deterring favoritism, in countries exposed to such practices.
Critical Behavior of the Random Potts Chain
Creators: name: Carlon, Enrico
name: Chatelain, Christophe
name: Berche, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical behavior of the random q-state Potts quantum chain by density matrix renormalization techniques. Critical exponents are calculated by scaling analysis of finite lattice data of short chains ($L \leq 16$) averaging over all possible realizations of disorder configurations chosen according to a binary distribution. Our numerical results show that the critical properties of the model are independent of q in agreement with a renormalization group analysis of Senthil and Majumdar (Phys. Rev. Lett.{\bf 76}, 3001 (1996)). We show how an accurate analysis of moments of the distribution of magnetizations allows a precise determination of critical exponents, circumventing some problems related to binary disorder. Multiscaling properties of the model and dynamical correlation functions are also investigated.
description: LaTeX2e file with Revtex, 9 pages, 8 eps figures, 4 tables; typos corrected
Three-dimensional Poincaré supergravity and $\mathcal{N}$-extended supersymmetric BMS$_{3}$ algebra
Creators: name: Caroca, Ricardo
name: Concha, Patrick
name: Fierro, Octavio
name: Rodríguez, Evelyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach for obtaining the three-dimensional Chern-Simons supergravity for the Poincaré algebra is presented. The $\mathcal{N}$-extended Poincaré supergravity is obtained by expanding the super Lorentz theory. We extend our procedure to their respective asymptotic symmetries and show that the $\mathcal{N}=(1,2,4)$ super-BMS$_{3}$ appear as expansions of one Virasoro superalgebra. Interestingly, the $\mathcal{N}$-extended super-BMS$_{3}$ obtained here are not only centrally extended but also endowed with internal symmetry. We also show that the $\mathcal{N}$-extended super Poincaré algebras with both central and automorphism generators are finite subalgebras.
description: V2, 18 pages, published version
Electroweak Theory Without Higgs Bosons
Creators: name: Nicholson, Angus F.
name: Kennedy, Dallas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturbative SU(2)_L X U(1)_Y electroweak theory containing W, Z, photon, ghost, lepton and quark fields, but no Higgs or other fields, gives masses to W, Z and the non-neutrino fermions by means of an unconventional choice for the unperturbed Lagrangian and a novel method of renormalisation. The renormalisation extends to all orders. The masses emerge on renormalisation to one loop. To one loop the neutrinos are massless, the A -> Z transition drops out of the theory, the d quark is unstable and S-matrix elements are independent of the gauge parameter xi.
description: 27 pages, LaTex, no figures; revised for publication; accepted by Int. J. Mod. Phys. A; includes biographical note on A. F. Nicholson