cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black holes, disks and jets following binary mergers and stellar collapse: The narrow range of EM luminosities and accretion rates
Creators: name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed magnetohydrodynamic simulations in general relativity of binary neutron star and binary black hole-neutron star mergers, as well as the magnetorotational collapse of supermassive stars. In many cases the outcome is a spinnng black hole (BH) immersed in a magnetized disk, with a jet emanating from the poles of the BH. While their formation scenarios differ and their BH masses, as well as their disk masses, densities, and magnetic field strengths, vary by orders of magnitude, these features conspire to generate jet Poynting luminosities that all lie in the same, narrow range of $\sim 10^{52\pm1}~{\rm erg ~s^{-1}}$. A similar result applies to their BH accretion rates upon jet launch, which is $\sim 0.1-10~{\rm M_{\odot}~s^{-1}}$. We provide a simple model that explains these unanticipated findings. Interestingly, these luminosities reside in the same narrow range characterizing the observed luminosity distributions of over 400 short and long GRBs with distances inferred from spectroscopic redshifts or host galaxies. This result, together with the GRB lifetimes predicted by the model, supports the belief that a compact binary merger is the progenitor of an SGRB, while a massive, stellar magnetorotational collapse is the progenitor of an LGRB.
description: 6 pages. published in Physical Review D, Rapid Communications, 95, 101303 (2017)
Lotus Notes (Teamcase)
Creators: Falck
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Lotus-serveren
Falck har ikke haft en samlet digital løsning (ESDH) for håndtering af digitalt materiale på det tidspunkt, hvor materialet er skabt. Det eneste samlede digitale materiale fra Falck fra perioden ligger derfor i Lotus-databasen.

Hver enhed havde deres egne løsninger og digitale dokumenter var typisk kun lagret på medarbejderens PC. Disse blev rutinemæssigt slettet ved ansættelses ophør. Der er derfor ikke bevaret andet digitalt materiale fra perioden end dette.

Lotus-databasen indeholder data fra afdelingen Corporate Culture. Den omfatter data fra perioden fra 2002 – 2018 og består af: Postnr. Database, Firmaer og personer (Kontaktdatabase), Sagsdatabase med journalplan, Selve dokumentdatabasen  (Alle dokumenter) og et Arkiv (En database til afsluttede sager. Ikke anvendt konsekvent).

Frederik Madsen (kontaktperson i Falck, tidl. leder af arkivet og chef for Corporate Culture) og hans enhed Corporate Culture, har arkiveret materiale i databasen. Den indeholder dokumentation af både de almindelige opgaver for enheden (som drift af bygninger, administration af køretøjer i museets afdeling osv.). Men der er også gemt alt, hvad der kom ind gennem enheden, herunder f.eks. orienteringer fra ledelsen.

Blandt de mere relevante sager, kan nævnes sager om organisationsforandringer, diverse interne relationer, bl.a. ledelseskontakter, materialer fra group-management møder, HR enhedens evaluering af ledelsen og meget andet. Der er desuden en sag på hvert af de lande, hvor Falck har været involveret i gennem tiden. Serveren er derfor også med til at dokumentere Falcks engagement i udlandet.
Falcks udskillelse af Group 4 Securicor er også kun dokumenteret i dette system, mener FM.

HR og Kommunikationsafdelingen har også i en periode hørt under Corporate Culture.

Der eksisterer en journalplan, men den har desværre ikke været anvendt konsekvent. F.eks. indeholder gruppen ”diverse dokumentation” oplysninger om strategi-projekter i Falck. Journalplanen er altså ikke til meget hjælp ift. at udskille de vigtigste saggrupper.
FM vurderer at 2/3 af materialet på serveren er særdeles relevant, mens 1/3 er af mindre relevans (f.eks. havde enheden i en periode ansvar for drift af Falck-huset, så der vil der f.eks. være rengøringskontrakter osv.).

Lotus-serverens indhold kan ikke adskilles fra de fysiske dokumenter, der er arkiveret fra enheden.
Noget materiale kom digitalt og blev arkiveret digitalt. Andet kom i papirform og er arkiveret sådan.
Papirarkivet er ikke komplet og perioden kan kun behandles i sin helhed ved inddragelse af både papir og digitale sager.

Lotus-databasen drives af virksomheden Semaphor. De har lavet denne løsning specielt til Corporate Culture, ikke for Falck som helhed.
Towards a dynamical model of English vowels. Evidence from diphthongisation
Creators: name: Strycharczuk, Patrycja
name: Kirkham, Sam
name: Gorman, Emily
name: Nagamine, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Diphthong vowels exhibit a degree of inherent dynamic change, the extent of which can vary synchronically and diachronically, such that diphthong vowels can become monophthongs and vice versa. Modelling this type of change requires defining diphthongs in opposition to monophthongs. However, formulating an explicit definition has proven elusive in acoustics and articulation, as diphthongisation is often gradient in these domains. In this study, we consider whether diphthong vowels form a coherent phonetic category from the articulatory point of view. We present articulometry and acoustic data from six speakers of Northern Anglo-English producing a full set of phonologically long vowels. We analyse several measures of diphthongisation, all of which suggest that diphthongs are not categorically distinct from long monophthongs. We account for this observation with an Articulatory Phonology/Task Dynamic model in which diphthongs and long monophthongs have a common gestural representation, comprising two articulatory targets in each case, but they differ according to gestural constriction and location of the component gestures. We argue that a two-target representation for all long vowels is independently supported by phonological weight, as well as by the nature of historical diphthongisation and present-day dynamic vowel variation in British English.
PowerDuck: A GOOSE Data Set of Cyberattacks in Substations
Creators: name: Zemanek, Sven
name: Hacker, Immanuel
name: Wolsing, Konrad
name: Wagner, Eric
name: Henze, Martin
name: Serror, Martin
Publisher: name: New York City : ACM
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: data sets
subject: network traffic
subject: smart grid security
subject: IDS
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 004

description: Power grids worldwide are increasingly victims of cyberattacks, where attackers can cause immense damage to critical infrastructure. The growing digitalization and networking in power grids combined with insufficient protection against cyberattacks further exacerbate this trend. Hence, security engineers and researchers must counter these new risks by continuously improving security measures. Data sets of real network traffic during cyberattacks play a decisive role in analyzing and understanding such attacks. Therefore, this paper presents PowerDuck, a publicly available security data set containing network traces of GOOSE communication in a physical substation testbed. The data set includes recordings of various scenarios with and without the presence of attacks. Furthermore, all network packets originating from the attacker are clearly labeled to facilitate their identification. We thus envision PowerDuck improving and complementing existing data sets of substations, which are often generated synthetically, thus enhancing the security of power grids.
Impact of microbiota on the life-history traits of a polyphagous fly
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi Binh
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The microbiota is a key modulator of fitness and disease resistance in insects. Yet, the extent to which the insect microbiota affects host performance and well-being of current and future generations remains to be elucidated. My thesis aims to better understand direct and transgenerational effects of the microbiota on life-history traits and foraging of the polyphagous fly Bactrocera tryoni. I first reviewed the literature to show the state of the art in the field of microbiota research in insects (Chapter 1). Then, I explored the interaction between the insect microbiota and some ecological factors in the early life stage. Results revealed that microbes acquired from both maternal transmission and the environment influence larval food choice whereby larvae that microbiota has been suppressed have a greater preference for diets rich in either protein or sugar (Chapter 2). The results also showed that microbial growth in the larval diet interacts with larval density and diet composition to influence body weight of pupae and adults (Chapter 3). Using axenic lines, I showed that the lack of microbiota negatively affects female fecundity and modulates nutrient intake and body fat reserve differently in males and females (Chapter 4). Transgenerational effects of the microbiota were also observed in offspring that parents’ microbiota had been manipulated whereby developmental traits were negatively affected in offspring of axenic parents (Chapter 5). Furthermore, body mass and fecundity decreased in offspring of axenic parents suggesting that the disruption of the microbial communities has long-lasting effect on offspring’s fitness (Chapter 5). Lastly, I discuss the significance of my results to the field of ecology and evolution, contextualizing my findings into the broader eco-evolutionary framework (Chapter 6). My thesis increases our understanding of the complex interplay between the insect host and its microbiota, highlighting the profound impacts of the microbiota on host fitness at the developmental and generational levels.
Limits on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section obtained from the complete LUX exposure
Creators: name: LUX Collaboration
name: Akerib, D. S.
name: Alsum, S.
name: Araújo, H. M.
name: Bai, X.
name: Bailey, A. J.
name: Balajthy, J.
name: Beltrame, P.
name: Bernard, E. P.
name: Bernstein, A.
name: Biesiadzinski, T. P.
name: Boulton, E. M.
name: Brás, P.
name: Byram, D.
name: Cahn, S. B.
name: Carmona-Benitez, M. C.
name: Chan, C.
name: Chiller, A. A.
name: Chiller, C.
name: Currie, A.
name: Cutter, J. E.
name: Davison, T. J. R.
name: Dobi, A.
name: Dobson, J. E. Y.
name: Druszkiewicz, E.
name: Edwards, B. N.
name: Faham, C. H.
name: Fallon, S. R.
name: Fiorucci, S.
name: Gaitskell, R. J.
name: Gehman, V. M.
name: Ghag, C.
name: Gilchriese, M. G. D.
name: Hall, C. R.
name: Hanhardt, M.
name: Haselschwardt, S. J.
name: Hertel, S. A.
name: Hogan, D. P.
name: Horn, M.
name: Huang, D. Q.
name: Ignarra, C. M.
name: Jacobsen, R. G.
name: Ji, W.
name: Kamdin, K.
name: Kazkaz, K.
name: Khaitan, D.
name: Knoche, R.
name: Larsen, N. A.
name: Lee, C.
name: Lenardo, B. G.
name: Lesko, K. T.
name: Lindote, A.
name: Lopes, M. I.
name: Manalaysay, A.
name: Mannino, R. L.
name: Marzioni, M. F.
name: McKinsey, D. N.
name: Mei, D. M.
name: Mock, J.
name: Moongweluwan, M.
name: Morad, J. A.
name: Murphy, A. St. J.
name: Nehrkorn, C.
name: Nelson, H. N.
name: Neves, F.
name: O'Sullivan, K.
name: Oliver-Mallory, K. C.
name: Palladino, K. J.
name: Pease, E. K.
name: Reichhart, L.
name: Rhyne, C.
name: Shaw, S.
name: Shutt, T. A.
name: Silva, C.
name: Solmaz, M.
name: Solovov, V. N.
name: Sorensen, P.
name: Stephenson, S.
name: Sumner, T. J.
name: Szydagis, M.
name: Taylor, D. J.
name: Taylor, W. C.
name: Tennyson, B. P.
name: Terman, P. A.
name: Tiedt, D. R.
name: To, W. H.
name: Tripathi, M.
name: Tvrznikova, L.
name: Uvarov, S.
name: Velan, V.
name: Verbus, J. R.
name: Webb, R. C.
name: White, J. T.
name: Whitis, T. J.
name: Witherell, M. S.
name: Wolfs, F. L. H.
name: Xu, J.
name: Yazdani, K.
name: Young, S. K.
name: Zhang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental constraints on the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon elastic cross sections from the total 129.5 kg-year exposure acquired by the Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX), operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota (USA). A profile likelihood ratio analysis allows 90% CL upper limits to be set on the WIMP-neutron (WIMP-proton) cross section of $σ_n$ = 1.6$\times 10^{-41}$ cm$^{2}$ ($σ_p$ = 5$\times 10^{-40}$ cm$^{2}$) at 35 GeV$c^{-2}$, almost a sixfold improvement over the previous LUX spin-dependent results. The spin-dependent WIMP-neutron limit is the most sensitive constraint to date.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, version accepted by PRL
Compartment model of strategy-dependent time delays in replicator dynamics
Creators: name: Fic, Małgorzata
name: Bastian, Frank
name: Miękisz, Jacek
name: Gokhale, Chaitanya S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Real-world processes often exhibit temporal separation between actions and reactions - a characteristic frequently ignored in many modelling frameworks. Adding temporal aspects, like time delays, introduces a higher complexity of problems and leads to models that are challenging to analyse and computationally expensive to solve. In this work, we propose an intermediate solution to resolve the issue in the framework of evolutionary game theory. Our compartment-based model includes time delays while remaining relatively simple and straightforward to analyse. We show that this model yields qualitatively comparable results with models incorporating explicit delays. Particularly, we focus on the case of delays between parents' interaction and an offspring joining the population, with the magnitude of the delay depending on the parents' strategy. We analyse Stag-Hunt, Snowdrift, and the Prisoner's Dilemma game and show that strategy-dependent delays are detrimental to affected strategies. Additionally, we present how including delays may change the effective games played in the population, subsequently emphasising the importance of considering the studied systems' temporal aspects to model them accurately.
Hybrid Anomaly and Gravity Mediation for Electroweak Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Zhu, Bin
name: Ding, Ran
name: Li, Tianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid mediation and hybrid supersymmetry breaking. In particular the RG-invariant anomaly mediation is considered. Together with additional gravity mediation the slepton tachyon problem of anomaly mediation is solved automatically. The special properties are that all of color sparticles masses fall into several TeV region due to the large $m_0$ and $m_{32}$ which are well beyond the scope of current LHC Run II limits. Unlike the gauge mediation, the dark matter candidate is still the lightest neutralino and the correct dark matter relic density can be realized within the framework of mixed axion-wino dark matter. Due to the existence of multi-component of axion-wino dark matter, the direct detection cross section is suppressed to evade the tightest LUX, PandaX bound. Furthermore the fine-tuning is under control when the single scale supersymmetry breaking mechanism is adapted.
description: 15pages, 6 figures, revised version
Opfølgende spørgeskemaundersøgelse af frisører uddannet fra 1985-2007
Creators: Videncenter for Allergi
Martin Havmose
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: At studere udviklingen (debut, prognose, risikofaktorer) i arbejdsbetinget håndeksem hos frisører (uddannet fra 1985-2007) fra uddannelsesdato frem til 2020.
Stability of the nonperturbative bosonic string vacuum
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Makeenko, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantization of the bosonic string around the classical, perturbative vacuum is not consistent for spacetime dimensions 2
description: v2: 6pp, section about vacuum instability/stability added, to appear in PLB
Anmeldelsestilbøjelighed i sager om vold og seksualforbrydelser
Creators: Justitsministeriets Forskningskontor
Signe Bechmann Hansen
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Formålet med undersøgelsen er at belyse befolkningens anmeldelsestilbøjelighed samt årsager til at undlade at anmelde kriminalitet. Baggrunden for undersøgelsen er ”Aftale om politiets og anklagemyndighedens økonomi 2021-2023”, hvor det fremgår af aftaleteksten, at der i aftaleperioden skal gennemføres en sådan undersøgelse.
Multiplexed entanglement generation over quantum networks using multi-qubit nodes
Creators: name: van Dam, Suzanne B.
name: Humphreys, Peter C.
name: Rozpędek, Filip
name: Wehner, Stephanie
name: Hanson, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum networks distributed over distances greater than a few kilometers will be limited by the time required for information to propagate between nodes. We analyze protocols that are able to circumvent this bottleneck by employing multi-qubit nodes and multiplexing. For each protocol, we investigate the key network parameters that determine its performance. We model achievable entangling rates based on the anticipated near-term performance of nitrogen-vacancy centres and other promising network platforms. This analysis allows us to compare the potential of the proposed multiplexed protocols in different regimes. Moreover, by identifying the gains that may be achieved by improving particular network parameters, our analysis suggests the most promising avenues for research and development of prototype quantum networks.
Changing the prior: absolute neutrino mass constraints in nonlocal gravity
Creators: name: Dirian, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prior change is discussed in observational constraints studies of nonlocally modified gravity. In the latter, a model characterized by a modification of the form $\sim m^2 R\Box^{-2}R$ to the Einstein-Hilbert action was compared against the base $Λ$CDM one in a Bayesian way. It was found that the competing modified gravity model is significantly disfavored (at $22 \,$:$\, 1$ in terms of betting-odds) against $Λ$CDM given CMB+SNIa+BAO data, because of a dominant tension appearing in the $H_0 \,$-$\, Ω_M$ plan. We identify the underlying mechanism generating such a tension and show that it is mostly caused by the late-time, quite smooth, phantom nature of the effective dark energy described by the nonlocal model. We find possible solutions for it to be resolved and explore a given one that consists in extending the initial baseline from one massive neutrino eigenstate to three degenerate ones, whose absolute mass $\sum m_ν\, / \, 3$ is allowed to take values within a reasonable prior interval. As a net effect, the absolute neutrino mass is inferred to be non-vanishing at $2 σ$ level, best-fitting at $\sum m_ν\approx 0.21 {\, \rm eV}$, and the Bayesian tension disappears rendering the nonlocal gravity model statistically equivalent to $Λ$CDM, given recent CMB+SNIa+BAO data. We also discuss constraints from growth rate measurements $f σ_8$ whose fit is found to be improved by a larger massive neutrino fraction as well. The $ν$-extended nonlocal model also prefers a higher value of $H_0$ than $Λ$CDM, therefore in better agreement with local measurements.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, accepted in PRD
Håndeksem hos frisører uddannet fra 2008-2018
Creators: Videncenter for Allergi
Martin Havmose
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: At evaluere effekten af et evidensbaseret uddannelsesprogram, som skal lære frisører at undgå at få håndeksem. Programmet blev indført i Danmark i 2011.
Ensomhed blandt unge og betydningen af herkomst og etnisk tilhørsforhold
Creators: SDU, Det Sundhedsvidenskabelige Fakultet - Statens Institut for Folkesundhed,
Katrine Rich Madsen
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2023

description: Ensomhed er prævalent i ungdommen. Langvarig ensomhed har alvorlige konsekvenser for unges hverdag, sundhed og trivsel både på kort og lang sigt. Flere studier tyder på, at unges etniske baggrund har betydning for om og hvor meget de føler sig ensomme. Formålet med disse interview var at undersøge unges oplevelser og erfaringer med ensomhed.
Dark Matter Constraints from a Joint Analysis of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Observations with VERITAS
Creators: name: VERITAS Collaboration
name: Archambault, S.
name: Archer, A.
name: Benbow, W.
name: Bird, R.
name: Bourbeau, E.
name: Brantseg, T.
name: Buchovecky, M.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Bugaev, V.
name: Byrum, K.
name: Cerruti, M.
name: Christiansen, J. L.
name: Connolly, M. P.
name: Cui, W.
name: Daniel, M. K.
name: Feng, Q.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Fleischhack, H.
name: Fortson, L.
name: Furniss, A.
name: Geringer-Sameth, A.
name: Griffin, S.
name: Grube, J.
name: Hütten, M.
name: Håkansson, N.
name: Hanna, D.
name: Hervet, O.
name: Holder, J.
name: Hughes, G.
name: Johnson, C. A.
name: Kaaret, P.
name: Kar, P.
name: Kelley-Hoskins, N.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Kieda, D.
name: Koushiappas, S.
name: Krause, M.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: Lin, T. T. Y.
name: McArthur, S.
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Nieto, D.
name: O'Brien, S.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Otte, A. N.
name: Park, N.
name: Pohl, M.
name: Popkow, A.
name: Pueschel, E.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Ragan, K.
name: Reynolds, P. T.
name: Richards, G. T.
name: Roache, E.
name: Rulten, C.
name: Sadeh, I.
name: Santander, M.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Shahinyan, K.
name: Smith, A. W.
name: Staszak, D.
name: Telezhinsky, I.
name: Trépanier, S.
name: Tucci, J. V.
name: Tyler, J.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Weinstein, A.
name: Wilcox, P.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Zitzer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on the annihilation cross section of WIMP dark matter based on the joint statistical analysis of four dwarf galaxies with VERITAS. These results are derived from an optimized photon weighting statistical technique that improves on standard imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope (IACT) analyses by utilizing the spectral and spatial properties of individual photon events. We report on the results of $\sim$230 hours of observations of five dwarf galaxies and the joint statistical analysis of four of the dwarf galaxies. We find no evidence of gamma-ray emission from any individual dwarf nor in the joint analysis. The derived upper limit on the dark matter annihilation cross section from the joint analysis is $1.35\times 10^{-23} {\mathrm{ cm^3s^{-1}}}$ at 1 TeV for the bottom quark ($b\bar{b}$) final state, $2.85\times 10^{-24}{\mathrm{ cm^3s^{-1}}}$ at 1 TeV for the tau lepton ($τ^{+}τ^{-}$) final state and $1.32\times 10^{-25}{\mathrm{ cm^3s^{-1}}}$ at 1 TeV for the gauge boson ($γγ$) final state.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, published in PRD, Ascii tables containing annihilation cross sections limits are available for download as ancillary files with readme.txt file description of limits
Gaussian Boson Sampling
Creators: name: Hamilton, Craig S.
name: Kruse, Regina
name: Sansoni, Linda
name: Barkhofen, Sonja
name: Silberhorn, Christine
name: Jex, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boson Sampling has emerged as a tool to explore the advantages of quantum over classical computers as it does not require a universal control over the quantum system, which favours current photonic experimental platforms.Here, we introduce Gaussian Boson Sampling, a classically hard-to-solve problem that uses squeezed states as a non-classical resource. We relate the probability to measure specific photon patterns from a general Gaussian state in the Fock basis to a matrix function called the hafnian, which answers the last remaining question of sampling from Gaussian states. Based on this result, we design Gaussian Boson Sampling, a #P hard problem, using squeezed states. This approach leads to a more efficient photonic boson sampler with significant advantages in generation probability and measurement time over currently existing protocols.
Density large deviations for multidimensional stochastic hyperbolic conservation laws
Creators: name: Barré, Julien
name: Bernardin, Cedric
name: Chetrite, Raphaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the density large deviation function for a multidimensional conservation law in the vanishing viscosity limit, when the probability concentrates on weak solutions of a hyperbolic conservation law conservation law. When the conductivity and dif-fusivity matrices are proportional, i.e. an Einstein-like relation is satisfied, the problem has been solved in [4]. When this proportionality does not hold, we compute explicitly the large deviation function for a step-like density profile, and we show that the associated optimal current has a non trivial structure. We also derive a lower bound for the large deviation function, valid for a general weak solution, and leave the general large deviation function upper bound as a conjecture.
Swarm Systems as a Platform for Open-Ended Evolutionary Dynamics
Creators: name: Sayama, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Artificial swarm systems have been extensively studied and used in computer science, robotics, engineering and other technological fields, primarily as a platform for implementing robust distributed systems to achieve pre-defined objectives. However, such swarm systems, especially heterogeneous ones, can also be utilized as an ideal platform for creating *open-ended evolutionary dynamics* that do not converge toward pre-defined goals but keep exploring diverse possibilities and generating novel outputs indefinitely. In this article, we review Swarm Chemistry and its variants as concrete sample cases to illustrate beneficial characteristics of heterogeneous swarm systems, including the cardinality leap of design spaces, multiscale structures/behaviors and their diversity, and robust self-organization, self-repair and ecological interactions of emergent patterns, all of which serve as the driving forces for open-ended evolutionary processes. Applications to science, engineering, and art/entertainment as well as the directions of further research are also discussed.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A
Interpreting Outliers in Time Series Data through Decoding Autoencoder
Creators: name: Knab, Patrick
name: Marton, Sascha
name: Bartelt, Christian
name: Fuder, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Outlier detection is a crucial analytical tool in various fields. In critical systems like manufacturing, malfunctioning outlier detection can be costly and safety-critical. Therefore, there is a significant need for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) when deploying opaque models in such environments. This study focuses on manufacturing time series data from a German automotive supply industry. We utilize autoencoders to compress the entire time series and then apply anomaly detection techniques to its latent features. For outlier interpretation, we (i) adopt widely used XAI techniques to the autoencoder's encoder. Additionally, (ii) we propose AEE, Aggregated Explanatory Ensemble, a novel approach that fuses explanations of multiple XAI techniques into a single, more expressive interpretation. For evaluation of explanations, (iii) we propose a technique to measure the quality of encoder explanations quantitatively. Furthermore, we qualitatively assess the effectiveness of outlier explanations with domain expertise.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted at TempXAI @ ECML-PKDD, published in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Vol. 3761. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3761/paper3.pdf
Learning Particle Physics by Example: Location-Aware Generative Adversarial Networks for Physics Synthesis
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Luke
name: Paganini, Michela
name: Nachman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a bridge between generative modeling in the Machine Learning community and simulated physical processes in High Energy Particle Physics by applying a novel Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) architecture to the production of jet images -- 2D representations of energy depositions from particles interacting with a calorimeter. We propose a simple architecture, the Location-Aware Generative Adversarial Network, that learns to produce realistic radiation patterns from simulated high energy particle collisions. The pixel intensities of GAN-generated images faithfully span over many orders of magnitude and exhibit the desired low-dimensional physical properties (i.e., jet mass, n-subjettiness, etc.). We shed light on limitations, and provide a novel empirical validation of image quality and validity of GAN-produced simulations of the natural world. This work provides a base for further explorations of GANs for use in faster simulation in High Energy Particle Physics.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures, 1 table, and appendix; Added new validation metric, acknowledgements, minor corrections
Extensive Globular Cluster Systems Associated with Ultra Diffuse Galaxies in the Coma Cluster
Creators: name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Danieli, Shany
name: Lokhorst, Deborah
name: Merritt, Allison
name: Mowla, Lamiya
name: Zhang, Jielai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope imaging of two ultra diffuse galaxies (UDGs) with measured stellar velocity dispersions in the Coma cluster. The galaxies, Dragonfly 44 and DFX1, have effective radii of 4.7 kpc and 3.5 kpc and velocity dispersions of $47^{+8}_{-6}$ km/s and $30^{+7}_{-7}$ km/s, respectively. Both galaxies are associated with a striking number of compact objects, tentatively identified as globular clusters: $N_{\rm gc}=74\pm 18$ for Dragonfly 44 and $N_{\rm gc}=62\pm 17$ for DFX1. The number of globular clusters is far higher than expected from the luminosities of the galaxies but is consistent with expectations from the empirical relation between dynamical mass and globular cluster count defined by other galaxies. Combining our data for these two objects with previous HST observations of Coma UDGs we find that UDGs have a factor of $6.9^{+1.0}_{-2.4}$ more globular clusters than other galaxies of the same luminosity, in contrast to a recent study of a similar sample by Amorisco et al. (2017), but consistent with earlier results for individual galaxies. The Harris et al. (2017) relation between globular cluster count and dark matter halo mass implies a median halo mass of $M_{\rm halo}\sim 1.5\times 10^{11}\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$ for the sixteen Coma UDGs that have been observed with HST so far, with the largest and brightest having $M_{\rm halo}\sim 5\times 10^{11}\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. The black and white panels of Figure 1 make the central point of the paper, hopefully. Added a table in the revised version, listing the key measurements for all 16 galaxies
Systematic procedure for analyzing cumulants at any order
Creators: name: Di Francesco, Philippe
name: Guilbaud, Maxime
name: Luzum, Matthew
name: Ollitrault, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic procedure for analyzing cumulants to arbitrary order in the context of heavy-ion collisions. It generalizes and improves existing procedures in many respects. In particular, particles which are correlated are allowed to belong to different phase-space windows, which may overlap. It also allows for the analysis of cumulants at any order, using a simple algorithm rather than complicated expressions to be derived and coded by hand. In the case of azimuthal correlations, it automatically corrects to leading order for detector non-uniformity, and it is useful for numerous other applications as well. We discuss several of these applications: anisotropic flow, event-plane correlations, symmetric cumulants, net baryon and net charge fluctuations.
The ladder physics in the Spin Fermion model
Creators: name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A link is established between the spin-fermion (SF) model of the cuprates and the approach based on the analogy between the physics of doped Mott insulators in two dimensions and the physics of fermionic ladders. This enables one to use nonperturbative results derived for fermionic ladders to move beyond the large-N approximation in the SF model. It is shown that the paramagnon exchange postulated in the SF model has exactly the right form to facilitate the emergence of the fully gapped d-Mott state in the region of the Brillouin zone at the hot spots of the Fermi surface. Hence the SF model provides an adequate description of the pseudogap.
description: 5 pages, one figure, accepted to PRB (Rapid Communications)
Ketubah Venicia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Jewish marriage customs and rites
Ketubah

description: Manuscript in Aramaic and Hebrew on parchment. The ketubbah celebrates the marriage of Raḥel, the daughter of David Ḥayyim, and Ya'akov, the son of Shemu'el, on August 27, 1692.
Evidences against cuspy dark matter halos in large galaxies
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Davi C.
name: del Popolo, Antonino
name: Marra, Valerio
name: de Oliveira, Paulo L. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and apply new techniques in order to uncover galaxy rotation curves (RC) systematics. Considering that an ideal dark matter (DM) profile should yield RCs that have no bias towards any particular radius, we find that the Burkert DM profile satisfies the test, while the Navarro-Frenk-While (NFW) profile has a tendency of better fitting the region between one and two disc scale lengths than the inner disc scale length region. Our sample indicates that this behaviour happens to more than 75% of the galaxies fitted with an NFW halo. Also, this tendency does not weaken by considering "large" galaxies, for instance those with $M_*\gtrsim 10^{10} M_\odot$. Besides the tests on the homogeneity of the fits, we also use a sample of 62 galaxies of diverse types to perform tests on the quality of the overall fit of each galaxy, and to search for correlations with stellar mass, gas mass and the disc scale length. In particular, we find that only 13 galaxies are better fitted by the NFW halo; and that even for the galaxies with $M_* \gtrsim 10^{10} M_\odot$ the Burkert profile either fits as good as, or better than, the NFW profile. This result is relevant since different baryonic effects important for the smaller galaxies, like supernova feedback and dynamical friction from baryonic clumps, indicate that at such large stellar masses the NFW profile should be preferred over the Burkert profile. Hence, our results either suggest a new baryonic effect or a change of the dark matter physics.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures. v2: Version accepted in MNRAS. Text improvements and new appendix on mass-to-light ratios
On the Quantitative Hardness of CVP
Creators: name: Bennett, Huck
name: Golovnev, Alexander
name: Stephens-Davidowitz, Noah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: $ \newcommand{\eps}{\varepsilon} \newcommand{\problem}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathrm{#1}} } \newcommand{\CVP}{\problem{CVP}} \newcommand{\SVP}{\problem{SVP}} \newcommand{\CVPP}{\problem{CVPP}} \newcommand{\ensuremath}[1]{#1} $For odd integers $p \geq 1$ (and $p = \infty$), we show that the Closest Vector Problem in the $\ell_p$ norm ($\CVP_p$) over rank $n$ lattices cannot be solved in $2^{(1-\eps) n}$ time for any constant $\eps > 0$ unless the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH) fails. We then extend this result to "almost all" values of $p \geq 1$, not including the even integers. This comes tantalizingly close to settling the quantitative time complexity of the important special case of $\CVP_2$ (i.e., $\CVP$ in the Euclidean norm), for which a $2^{n +o(n)}$-time algorithm is known. In particular, our result applies for any $p = p(n) \neq 2$ that approaches $2$ as $n \to \infty$. We also show a similar SETH-hardness result for $\SVP_\infty$; hardness of approximating $\CVP_p$ to within some constant factor under the so-called Gap-ETH assumption; and other quantitative hardness results for $\CVP_p$ and $\CVPP_p$ for any $1 \leq p < \infty$ under different assumptions.
$Z_2$ flux binding to higher-spin impurities in the Kitaev spin liquid
Creators: name: Takahashi, Masahiro O.
name: Kao, Wen-Han
name: Fujimoto, Satoshi
name: Perkins, Natalia B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stabilizing $Z_2$ fluxes in Kitaev spin liquids (KSLs) is crucial for both characterizing candidate materials and identifying Ising anyons. In this study, we investigate the effects of spin-$S$ magnetic impurities embedded in the spin-1/2 KSL. Utilizing exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods, we examine the impurity magnetization and ground-state flux sector with varying impurity coupling and spin size. Our findings reveal that impurity magnetization exhibits an integer/half-integer spin dependence, which aligns with analytical predictions, and a flux-sector transition from bound-flux to zero-flux occurs at low coupling strengths, independent of the impurity spin. Notably, for spin-3/2 impurities, we observe a reentrant bound-flux sector, which remains stable under magnetic fields. By considering fermionic representations of our spin Hamiltonian, we provide phenomenological explanations for the transitions. Our results suggest a novel way of binding a flux in KSLs, beyond the proposals of vacancies or Kondo impurities.
description: v2 to appear in npj Quantum Materials
Non-Redundant Spectral Dimensionality Reduction
Creators: name: Blau, Yochai
name: Michaeli, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spectral dimensionality reduction algorithms are widely used in numerous domains, including for recognition, segmentation, tracking and visualization. However, despite their popularity, these algorithms suffer from a major limitation known as the "repeated Eigen-directions" phenomenon. That is, many of the embedding coordinates they produce typically capture the same direction along the data manifold. This leads to redundant and inefficient representations that do not reveal the true intrinsic dimensionality of the data. In this paper, we propose a general method for avoiding redundancy in spectral algorithms. Our approach relies on replacing the orthogonality constraints underlying those methods by unpredictability constraints. Specifically, we require that each embedding coordinate be unpredictable (in the statistical sense) from all previous ones. We prove that these constraints necessarily prevent redundancy, and provide a simple technique to incorporate them into existing methods. As we illustrate on challenging high-dimensional scenarios, our approach produces significantly more informative and compact representations, which improve visualization and classification tasks.
Ḥozeḳ yad: ṿe-hu ha-yad ha-ḥazaḳah asher ʻasʹah Mosheh ben Maimon ṿe-ḥibarti..be-mahut ha-shir
Creators: Ibn Muvhar, Solomon ben Samuel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Jewish law

description: Manuscript in Hebrew on paper.
Papel das Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde na ordenação e monitoramento da oferta de Recursos Humanos em Saúde (formação) nos níveis superior e médio - v.1.0
Creators: name: Santos, R.L.B.
name: Matsumoto, K.S.
name: Dal Poz, M.R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A crise da força de trabalho em saúde tem reflexos na formação de profissionais de saúde e na relação com o mercado de trabalho, tendo adquirido crescente relevância no cenário da Saúde Coletiva. É considerada um elemento crítico para os sistemas de saúde alcançarem a cobertura universal, como demonstram as diversas resoluções da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre o fortalecimento dos Recursos Humanos em Saúde (RHS), em especial a Estratégia Global sobre os Recursos Humanos para a Saúde: Força de Trabalho 2030 - EGRHS (WHO, 2016) e a resolução adotada pela Assembleia Geral da ONU sobre o emprego na saúde e o crescimento econômico (UN, 2016). Diante desse cenário, e com o intuito de contribuir para o desenvolvimento da implementação das CNFTS no nível estadual, este trabalho buscou realizar revisão das legislações e normas que identifiquem o papel das Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde (SES) na ordenação e monitoramento da formação de RHS nos níveis superior e médio.
Deep 230-470 MHz VLA Observations of the mini-halo in the Perseus Cluster
Creators: name: Gendron-Marsolais, M.
name: Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Clarke, T.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Intema, H. T.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Blundell, K. M.
name: Sanders, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a low-frequency view of the Perseus cluster with new observations from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) at 230-470 MHz. The data reveal a multitude of new structures associated with the mini-halo. The mini-halo seems to be influenced both by the AGN activity as well as by the sloshing motion of the cool core cluster's gas. In addition, it has a filamentary structure similar to that seen in radio relics found in merging clusters. We present a detailed description of the data reduction and imaging process of the dataset. The depth and resolution of the observations allow us to conduct for the first time a detailed comparison of the mini-halo structure with the X-ray structure as seen in the Chandra X-ray images. The resulting image shows very clearly that the mini-halo emission is mostly contained behind the cold fronts, similar to that predicted by simulations of gas sloshing in galaxy clusters. However, due to the proximity of the Perseus cluster, as well as the quality of the data at low radio frequencies and at X-ray wavelengths, we also find evidence of fine structure. This structure includes several radial radio filaments extending in different directions, a concave radio structure associated with the southern X-ray bay and sharp edges that correlate with X-ray edges. Mini-halos are therefore not simply diffuse, uniform radio sources, but are rather filled with a rich variety of complex structures. These results illustrate the high-quality images that can be obtained with the new JVLA at low radio-frequencies, as well as the necessity to obtain deeper, higher-fidelity radio images of mini-halos and halos in clusters to further understand their origin.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, NRAO press release : https://public.nrao.edu/news/galaxy-cluster-mini-halo/
Ion-specific Stability of Gold Nanoparticle Suspensions
Creators: name: Ritzert, Philipp
name: Striegel, Alexandra
name: von Klitzing, Regine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) play an important role in fundamental research and development due to their versatile applications and biocompatibility. This study addresses the aging of three AuNP suspensions after the addition of various sodium salts along the well-known Hofmeister series (NaF, NaCl, NaBr, NaI, NaSCN) at different salt concentrations between 10 mM and 100 mM. The AuNP types differ in size (5 nm vs. 11 nm in diameter) and the capping type (physisorbed citrate vs. covalently bound mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)). We monitor the aggregation of the AuNPs and the suspension stability optically (absorption spectroscopy, photography) and by electron microscopy. The large range of salt concentrations results in a large variety of colloidal stability, e.g., from stable suspensions to fast destabilization followed by sedimentation. At intermediate and high salt concentration strong ion-specific effects emerge that are non-monotonous with respect to the Hofmeister series. In particular, the chaotropic salts, NaI and NaSCN, strongly alter the absorption spectra in very different ways. NaI fuses AuNPs together influencing the primary absorption, while NaSCN retains AuNP structure during aggregation much stronger than the remaining sodium halides, resulting in a secondary absorption peak. Although decreasing the size of AuNPs leads to more stable suspensions, the ion specific effects are even more pronounced due to the increase in total available surface. Even the covalently bound MPA capping is not able to stabilize AuNPs against particle fusion by NaI, although it delays the process. Despite the complex interplay between different effects of ions on the stability of colloidal dispersions, this study disentangles the different effects from electrostatic screening, via adsorption at the interface and bridging of AuNPs, to the competition between ions and the capping agent of the AuNPs.
description: 43 pages manuscript, including 13 figures; Supporting Information included after references, pages 44-50