cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-precision description and new properties of a spin-1 particle in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Silenko, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact Foldy-Wouthuysen Hamiltonian is derived for a pointlike spin-1 particle with a normal magnetic moment in a nonuniform magnetic field. For a uniform magnetic field, it is exactly separated into terms linear and quadratic in spin. New unexpected properties of a particle with an anomalous magnetic moment are found. Spin projections of a particle moving in a uniform magnetic field are not integer and the tensor polarization is asymmetric in the plane orthogonal to the field. Previously described spin-tensor effects caused by the tensor magnetic polarizability exist not only for nuclei but also for pointlike particles.
description: final version
Astronomical relativistic reference systems with multipolar expansion: the global one
Creators: name: Xie, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With rapid development of techniques for astronomical observations, the precision of measurements has been significantly increasing. Theories of astronomical relativistic reference systems, which are the foundation for processing and interpreting these data now and in the future, may require extensions to satisfy the needs of these trends. Besides building a framework compatible with alternative theories of gravity and the pursuit of higher order post-Newtonian approximation, it will also be necessary to make the first order post-Newtonian multipole moments of celestial bodies be explicitly expressed in the astronomical relativistic reference systems. This will bring some convenience into modeling the observations and experiments and make it easier to distinguish different contributions in measurements. As the first step, the global solar system reference system is multipolarly expanded and the post-Newtonian mass and spin moments are shown explicitly in the metric which describes the coordinates of the system. The full expression of the global metric is given.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; accepted by Research in Astron. Astrophys. for publication
title: Meeting Challenges in Caring for Patients with Disabilities: An Interclerkship Course
Creators: name: Jonassen, Julie A.
name: Barrett, Susan V.
name: Long-Bellil, Linda M.
name: Cassin, Candace
name: O'Connor, Darlene M.
name: Rogoff, Mai-Lan A.
name: Young, Martin H.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2006

description: Purpose: People with disabilities use healthcare services more than those without disabilities, yet healthcare systems often fail these individuals. Understanding the needs of those with physical and cognitive disabilities is crucial in providing them with appropriate healthcare. A one-day Interclerkship introduced third-year medical students to key challenges for physicians who care for disabled patients: (1) building trust and confidence, (2) communication, (3) anticipating secondary medical conditions, (4) appropriately modifying clinical encounters, and (5) identifying appropriate community resources.

Methodology: Essential elements of patient-centered care for disabled individuals were presented in plenary sessions. In small groups, students met with individuals with physical or development disabilities, their families and their community advocates, discussing healthcare and access concerns. Other workshops, taught by clinical and community experts, addressed assistive technology, parenting challenges, mental health, community resources, sexuality, and end-of-life care. Sixty-seven (69%) students completed pre-and post-Interclerkship self-assessments that rated knowledge, skills, and attitudes about medical care for disabled patients, using a 14-item 5-point Likert scale; means were compared by paired t-test. Students also provided course feedback.

Results: There was a highly significant (p<0.001) pre-to-post improvement in students’ self-assessed attitudes, knowledge, and skills mean scores concerning medical care for disabled patients {pre: 3.22 (sd=.53); post: 3.99 (sd=.37)}. >80% of the students agreed or strongly agreed that the Interclerkship addressed a topic essential to physician training, providing knowledge and skills not obtained elsewhere.

Conclusions: A single-day Interclerkship successfully improved third year medical students self-assessed knowledge, attitudes and skills on providing appropriate medical care for disabled patient.

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2006.﻿﻿﻿
What is the physical origin of strong Lya emission? II. Gas Kinematics and Distribution of Lya Emitters
Creators: name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Rauch, Michael
name: Gauthier, Jean-Rene
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Goto, Ryosuke
name: Mori, Masao
name: Umemura, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a statistical study of velocities of Lya, interstellar (IS) absorption, and nebular lines and gas covering fraction for Lya emitters (LAEs) at z~2. We make a sample of 22 LAEs with a large Lya equivalent width (EW) of > 50A based on our deep Keck/LRIS observations, in conjunction with spectroscopic data from the Subaru/FMOS program and the literature. We estimate the average velocity offset of Lya from a systemic redshift determined with nebular lines to be dv_Lya=234+-9 km s-1. Using a Kolmogorv-Smirnov test, we confirm the previous claim of Hashimoto et al. (2013) that the average dv_Lya of LAEs is smaller than that of LBGs. Our LRIS data successfully identify blue-shifted multiple IS absorption lines in the UV continua of four LAEs on an individual basis. The average velocity offset of IS absorption lines from a systemic redshift is dv_IS=204+-27 km s-1, indicating LAE's gas outflow with a velocity comparable to typical LBGs. Thus, the ratio, R^Lya_ IS = dv_Lya/dv_IS of LAEs, is around unity, suggestive of low impacts on Lya transmission by resonant scattering of neutral hydrogen in the IS medium. We find an anti-correlation between Lya EW and the covering fraction, f_c, estimated from the depth of absorption lines, where f_c is an indicator of average neutral hydrogen column density, N_HI. The results of our study support the idea that N_HI is a key quantity determining Lya emissivity.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Impact of filling ratio on subwavelength optical imaging with two different geometries
Creators: name: Khalil, Md. Ibrahim
name: Saad-Bin-Alam, Md.
name: Rahman, Atiqur
name: Belov, Pavel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metallic nano-structured lens has the potential applications of transporting subwavelength imaging information and it is achieved by manipulating the length of the nanorod and the periodicity of the rod array. In this paper, we demonstrate the impact of filling ratio on the subwavelength imaging capabilities of such a lens. Through full-wave electromagnetic simulation, we have demonstrated that the imaging performance of silver (Ag) nanorod array does not only depend on the length and periodicity but also on the filling ratios or the radius of the wire medium. We have investigated two different geometries for nanorod e.g., cylindrical and triangular rod and examined their performance for different filling ratios.
description: 12 figures, 1 Table
Many body localization and thermalization in quantum statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Nandkishore, Rahul
name: Huse, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent developments in the statistical mechanics of isolated quantum systems. We provide a brief introduction to quantum thermalization, paying particular attention to the `Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis' (ETH), and the resulting `single-eigenstate statistical mechanics'. We then focus on a class of systems which fail to quantum thermalize and whose eigenstates violate the ETH: These are the many-body Anderson localized systems; their long-time properties are not captured by the conventional ensembles of quantum statistical mechanics. These systems can locally remember forever information about their local initial conditions, and are thus of interest for possibilities of storing quantum information. We discuss key features of many-body localization (MBL), and review a phenomenology of the MBL phase. Single-eigenstate statistical mechanics within the MBL phase reveals dynamically-stable ordered phases, and phase transitions among them, that are invisible to equilibrium statistical mechanics and can occur at high energy and low spatial dimensionality where equilibrium ordering is forbidden.
description: Updated to reflect recent developments
MPEC 2023-P29 : 2019 CC5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Certificate of participant of the 2nd International Scientific Forum "Adaptive Processes in Education"
Creators: name: Shevchenko Alexander (Шевченко Олександр)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Adaptive Processes in Education
Certificate

description: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7793148 ID number Win 23-0208167 on 08 February 2023. Confirms the completion of the relevant training course of 15 hours or 0.5 credits. Forum of events 07-08 February 2023. Organizer - NGO "School of adaptive management of social and educational systems" Індивідуальний номер Win 23-0208167 від 08 лютого 2023. Підтверджує засвоєння навчального курсу за темою форуму обсягом 0,5 кредиту (15 год.). Форум проведений 07-08 лютого 2023. Організатор - ГО "Школа адаптивного управління соціально-едагогічними системами"
title: Measuring Unprofessional Behavior During an 8-Station OSCE
Creators: name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: McGee, Sarah M.
name: Carlin, Michele M.
name: Sefton, Laura A.
name: Gammon, Wendy L.
name: Alper, Eric J.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2006

description: Standardized patients (SPs) are widely used in medical education but their use to assess professionalism is limited. This study investigated the utility of SPs assessing unprofessional behavior during an annual end of third year Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE).

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2006.
title: Using a Targeted OSCE Station to Measure Unprofessional Behavior
Creators: name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: Alper, Eric J.
name: Gammon, Wendy L.
name: Mazor, Kathleen M.
name: Hatem, David S.
name: McGee, Sarah M.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2006

description: Standardized patients are widely used in medical education but their use to assess professionalism is limited. With grant support from the Edward J. Stemmler, MD Medical Education Research Fund (“Stemmler Fund”) of the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME), the usefulness of standardized patients (SPs) in the assessment of professional behavior was investigated. A targeted professionalism OSCE station featuring a values conflict was written. A professionalism instrument was developed and subsequently revised during the course of the study, with the final version containing various components of American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) core set of eight professionalism attributes and several other scales in recent medical research.

Presented at the Ottawa Conference, 2006.
A simple spin model for three steps relaxation and secondary proccesses in glass formers
Creators: name: Crisanti, A.
name: Leuzzi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of general trends are known to occur in systems displaying secondary processes in glasses and glass formers. Universal features can be identified as components of large and small cooperativeness whose competition leads to excess wings or apart peaks in the susceptibility spectrum. To the aim of understanding such rich and complex phenomenology we analyze the behavior of a model combining two apart glassy components with a tunable different cooperativeness. The model salient feature is, indeed, based on the competition of the energetic contribution of groups of dynamically relevant variables, e.g., density fluctuations, interacting in small and large sets. We investigate how the model is able to reproduce the secondary processes physics without further ad hoc ingredients, displaying known trends and properties under cooling or pressing.
description: 11 Pages, 11 Figures
A computational account of mood variability during adolescence and its links to psychopathology [Registered Report Stage 1 Protocol]
Creators: name: Gregorova, Klara
name: Eldar, Eran
name: Mittermeier, Sabrina
name: Li, Shu-Chen
name: Romanos, Marcel
name: Bürger, Arne
name: Deserno, Lorenz
name: Reiter, Andrea M.F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Developmental Psychology and Ageing
Mental Health

description: ABSTRACT It has been suggested that mood variability is especially pronounced during adolescence. Whilst this has been proposed for typically developing teenagers, enhanced mood variability is also known to be a risk factor for the development of psychopathology. Recent computational accounts of mood fluctuations in healthy adults have proposed a computational basis of mood variability, namely a mood bias, indexing how the affective state impacts the subsequent valuation of rewards. Here, by collecting a large online sample aged 11-25, and by combining experimental, computational, and experience-sampling techniques, we will examine the following questions: First, we will test whether a mood bias, which represents mood-learning dynamics shows an age-related pattern in this sample of adolescents and young adults. Second, we will investigate whether mood-learning dynamics are associated with adolescent real-life mood variability as assessed via smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment. Third, we will probe the clinical relevance of mood-learning dynamics during adolescence by relating them to self-reported symptoms of psychopathology. Capitalizing on recent advances in computational neuroscience, we will examine the popular notion of ‘a moody adolescent’ empirically whilst aiming to provide insights into the underlying cognitive-motivational mechanisms as well as the psychopathological implications of mood variability in adolescence.
 ITEMS Stage 1 Registered Report Protocol, Stage 1 Registered Report Supplementary Information.
Remnant mass and entropy of black holes and modified uncertainty principle
Creators: name: Dutta, Abhijit
name: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the thermodynamics of black holes using a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) with a correction term linear order in the momentum uncertainty. The mass-temperature relation and heat capacity are calculated from which critical and remnant masses are obtained. The results are exact and are found to be identical. The entropy expression gives the famous area theorem upto leading order corrections from GUP. In particular, the linear order term in GUP leads to a $\sqrt{A}$ correction to the area theorem. Finally, the area theorem can be expressed in terms of a new variable termed as reduced horizon area only when the calculation is done to the next higher order correction from GUP.
description: Reference added, To appear in Gen.Rel.Grav
title: Setting the Standard for a High-Stakes End of Third Year Assessment
Creators: name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: Carlin, Michele M.
name: Sefton, Laura A.
name: Gammon, Wendy L.
name: McGee, Sarah M.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2007

description: Purpose:

- Conduct modified Angoff standard setting procedure due to planned move to “high-stakes” End of Third Year Assessment (EOTYA)

- Assess the result of applying cutoffs to EOTYA student performance data

- Analyze judges’ perceptions and confidence in setting cutoffs for three skill areas across seven Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs)

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2007.
title: Under-Represented Minorities and Medical School Admissions: Preference Factors That Influence the Decision to Matriculate
Creators: name: Kadish, Stacey J.
name: Carlin, Michele M.
name: Lawton, Karen
name: Paraskos, John A.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2007

description: Currently, the need for the recruitment and retention of qualified Under-Represented Minority (URM) students remains a pressing concern for U.S. medical schools. In response to this need, we analyzed admissions data at our medical school to determine which factors may positively or negatively influence the decision of an URM applicant to matriculate at our school, when compared to their White/Asian counterparts.

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2007.
title: Independent Learning: Emerging Themes
Creators: name: Kadish, Stacey J.
name: Gentile, Gina M.
name: Barrett, Susan V.
name: Carlin, Michele M.
name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2009

description: Previous research findings suggest “independent learning” appeared to be the single most useful method for helping students facilitate learning in their preclinical years. This study extends upon our prior work exploring students’ definition of independent learning.

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2009.
Evolutionary dynamics of cooperation on interdependent networks with Prisoner's Dilemma and Snowdrift Game
Creators: name: Wang, Baokui
name: Pei, Zhenhua
name: Wang, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The world in which we are living is a huge network of networks and should be described by interdependent networks. The interdependence between networks significantly affects the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation on them. Meanwhile, due to the diversity and complexity of social and biological systems, players on different networks may not interact with each other by the same way, which should be described by multiple models in evolutionary game theory, such as the Prisoner's Dilemma and Snowdrift Game. We therefore study the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation on two interdependent networks playing different games respectively. We clearly evidence that, with the increment of network interdependence, the evolution of cooperation is dramatically promoted on the network playing Prisoner's Dilemma. The cooperation level of the network playing Snowdrift Game reduces correspondingly, although it is almost invisible. In particular, there exists an optimal intermediate region of network interdependence maximizing the growth rate of the evolution of cooperation on the network playing Prisoner's Dilemma. Remarkably, players contacting with other network have advantage in the evolution of cooperation than the others on the same network.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
title: Listening to the New Student Voice: How They Learn
Creators: name: Kadish, Stacey J.
name: Gentile, Gina M.
name: Barrett, Susan V.
name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: Smith, Thomas W.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2008

description: In 2003 it was forecasted that medical students’preclinical learning would mostly consist of large portions of educational training and instruction provided on the internet and other technology tools, while the traditional lecture format would become more infrequent. Five years later many medical schools have adapted to this new technological-enhanced learning environment.

No one can argue that today’s millennial generation of medical students is more familiar with technology than their predecessors. However, does this technology savvy generation report that these new tools are indeed superior when compared to the traditional tools of facilitating learning and understanding in the preclinical years? Additionally, is there a difference in usefulness of learning techniques for students in year one as compared to year two of medical school?

This study examines the learning tools in basic science courses to determine how the millennial generation of students report they are learning best. Tools from our blended learning curriculum were investigated within and across preclinical years one and two.

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2008.
Scalar-tensor correlations and large-scale power suppression
Creators: name: Zibin, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements from the BICEP2 cosmic microwave background polarization experiment indicate the presence of primordial gravitational waves with surprisingly large amplitude. If these results are confirmed, they point to a discrepancy with temperature anisotropy power spectrum measurements and suggest that extensions to the standard cosmological model may be required to resolve the discrepancy. One intriguing extension is an anticorrelation between tensors and scalars to naturally suppress the temperature power. Here I examine this possibility and show that such a suppression is not possible in the presence of a general form of anticorrelation.
description: 5 pages, references added, minor typos corrected; version published in Phys. Rev. D
title: Increasing the Depth of the Recruitment Pool for Future Women Academic Leaders: Should We Begin with Medical School Electives?
Creators: name: Kadish, Stacey J.
name: Barrett, Susan V.
name: Carlin, Michele M.
name: Sefton, Laura A.
name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2006

description: A 2002 report from the AAMC Project Implementation Committee indicated, “The pool from which to recruit women academic leaders remains shallow” (Bickel, et al., 2002). Since hen, much attention has been focused on improving conditions for women at the faculty level. Yet, few studies address the possibility that the medical school experience could impact the initial depth in this recruitment pool. Is there a trend in medical school that may be negatively impacting women’s success in pursuing a career in academia?

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2006.
title: Residents Report on the Importance of an Undergraduate End of Life Interclerkship
Creators: name: Kadish, Stacey J.
name: Zanetti, Mary L.
name: Sefton, Laura A.
name: Barrett, Susan V.
name: Clay, Marjorie
name: Clive, David M.
name: Jonassen, Julie A.
name: Pugnaire, Michele P.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2006

description: Does the perceived value of a third year End of Life (EOL) Interclerkship change after medical students complete their first year of residency? Several research studies indicate students’ perceptions about specific learning experiences change after graduating from medical school.

The value that medical students put on their education of end of life issues increases after they leave medical school. This finding highlights the importance of teaching end of life issues to undergraduate medical students.

Presented at the AAMC (Association of American Colleges) Annual Meeting, RIME (Research in Medical Education) Program, November 2006.
Case studies: Precocious kids with phonological impairment (Hearnshaw et al., 2024)
Creators: name: Hearnshaw, Stephanie
name: Baker, Elise
name: Pomper, Ron
name: McGregor, Karla K.
name: Edwards, Jan R.
name: Munro, Natalie
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460211
subject: Speech production
classificationCode: 470410
subject: Phonetics and speech science
classificationCode: 470402
subject: Child language acquisition

description: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the speech production, speech perception, vocabulary, and word learning abilities of lexically precocious 4-year-old children with phonological impairment, in an effort to better understand the underlying nature of phonological impairment in children.Method: Using a case series approach, we identified four children with phonological impairment and precocious vocabulary abilities. Each child completed routine speech production and vocabulary assessments, as well as experimental speech perception and word learning tasks. The results from these tasks were then used to create profiles of each child’s individual strengths and needs across the abilities assessed.Results: Although all four children presented with phonological impairment and lexically precocious receptive and expressive vocabulary, they differed in their specific speech errors. One child presented with phonological speech errors only, while the other three children presented with an interdental lisp alongside their phonological errors. Three children presented with average speech perception abilities, and one child presented with poorer speech perception. The same three children also showed some learning of novel nonwords 1 week post–initial exposure, while the other child showed no evidence of word learning 1 week post–initial exposure.Conclusions: The clinical profiles of lexically precocious children with phonological impairment offered different insights into the nature of the problem. Although one child appeared to present with underspecified underlying representations of words, the other three children appeared to present with well-specified underlying representations. Of the three children with well-specified underlying representations, two appeared to have difficulty abstracting particular rules of the ambient phonological system. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of the underlying nature of phonological impairment.Supplemental Material S1. CARE checklist of information to include when writing a case report.Hearnshaw, S., Baker, E., Pomper, R., McGregor, K. K., Edwards, J., & Munro, N. (2024). Four cases of children with phonological impairment and precocious vocabulary: making sense of a clinical conundrum. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 33(5), 2230-2248. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00370
Case studies: Precocious kids with phonological impairment (Hearnshaw et al., 2024)
Creators: name: Hearnshaw, Stephanie
name: Baker, Elise
name: Pomper, Ron
name: McGregor, Karla K.
name: Edwards, Jan R.
name: Munro, Natalie
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460211
subject: Speech production
classificationCode: 470410
subject: Phonetics and speech science
classificationCode: 470402
subject: Child language acquisition

description: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the speech production, speech perception, vocabulary, and word learning abilities of lexically precocious 4-year-old children with phonological impairment, in an effort to better understand the underlying nature of phonological impairment in children.Method: Using a case series approach, we identified four children with phonological impairment and precocious vocabulary abilities. Each child completed routine speech production and vocabulary assessments, as well as experimental speech perception and word learning tasks. The results from these tasks were then used to create profiles of each child’s individual strengths and needs across the abilities assessed.Results: Although all four children presented with phonological impairment and lexically precocious receptive and expressive vocabulary, they differed in their specific speech errors. One child presented with phonological speech errors only, while the other three children presented with an interdental lisp alongside their phonological errors. Three children presented with average speech perception abilities, and one child presented with poorer speech perception. The same three children also showed some learning of novel nonwords 1 week post–initial exposure, while the other child showed no evidence of word learning 1 week post–initial exposure.Conclusions: The clinical profiles of lexically precocious children with phonological impairment offered different insights into the nature of the problem. Although one child appeared to present with underspecified underlying representations of words, the other three children appeared to present with well-specified underlying representations. Of the three children with well-specified underlying representations, two appeared to have difficulty abstracting particular rules of the ambient phonological system. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of the underlying nature of phonological impairment.Supplemental Material S1. CARE checklist of information to include when writing a case report.Hearnshaw, S., Baker, E., Pomper, R., McGregor, K. K., Edwards, J., & Munro, N. (2024). Four cases of children with phonological impairment and precocious vocabulary: making sense of a clinical conundrum. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00370
title: Emma RNA Saves the Day
Creators: name: Kim, Erin
name: Pickering, Mary
name: Messmer-Blust, Angela
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2021

description: In 2019, a new and dangerous villain emerged in the world, Spike Man. Spike Man embodies the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In ScienceLIVE’s first coloring comic book, you’ll learn about how Spike Man tries to hijack the body’s factories and how Emma RNA and her legion of molecular superheroes save the day!
title: Uncovering the evidence: Systematic review of interventions to reduce oral health disparities between adults with Intellectual Disability and the general population
Creators: name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Bonardi, Alexandra
name: Harger, Nancy E.
name: Holder, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2013

description: Oral health is a public health concern for people with intellectual or developmental disabilities (I/DD). Research consistently shows that the population with I/DD experiences poorer oral hygiene, higher prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, and higher incidence of untreated caries when compared to the general population. Poor oral health can cause chronic pain, affect the ability to eat and communicate, and adversely affect physical health and quality of life. Intervention strategies include enhanced prevention, increased routine care, expanded insurance coverage, and training for dentists and hygienists. Research is needed to identify the most effective interventions. A standard systematic literature review for evidence-based practices is not adequate for identifying and evaluating the evidence in areas such as health policy and individual health behaviors. This presentation describes the structured processes used in uncovering evidence where there is limited published literature that includes 1) the I/DD population and 2) traditional scientific reviews of interventions addressing their oral health. By adapting a transdisciplinary conceptual model, which could be applied to a multitude of disciplines, we identify the best available evidence as collected through a conventional systematic review, allowing for additional emphasis on the personal, social and environmental factors that affect the I/DD population. The process includes search strategies to include peer reviewed and gray literature, along with other associated programs, policies, and practices, resulting in a unique evidence base from varied sources. Additionally, we frame and refine a formal plan to review the outcomes and establish a level of evidence for the identified interventions.
title: Systematic Review of Evidence of Interventions Addressing Disparities in Oral Health for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Year 2
Creators: name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Bonardi, Alexandra
name: Holder, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2014

description: Preventive oral health care and treatment for individuals with an intellectual or developmental disability (I/DD) is a leading public health disparity. Evidence points to poorer oral hygiene, higher prevalence and greater severity of periodontal disease, as well as a higher incidence of untreated caries in the I/DD population. In year 1 of this systematic review, the literature was searched and screened for inclusion, developing an extensive database of interventions to increase access and behavioral oral health interventions for individuals with I/DD. The objective of year 2 of the systematic review is to examine this literature in depth. Data review and assessment will be conducted in an electronic repository. Incorporating a public health approach, including social, personal and environmental factors, the team will assess, sort and summarize the interventions, providing a better understanding of common themes. Expert clinicians and methodologists will conduct an assessment of the evidence with a consideration of the execution, design suitability, number of studies available, consistency of findings, effect size, and whether expert opinion was used. In addition, findings resulting from a lack of evidence due to poor study design, small sample size, inconsistent findings, small effect sizes, or other limitations in the study will be identified and catalogued. Reviewed findings will be synthesized to identify effective interventions to reduce oral health disparities in adults with I/DD. These findings will be presented, in addition to a catalogue of promising interventions that have yet to be demonstrated but nevertheless are viewed as promising approaches to reduce disparities.
title: Educating Dental Health Professionals about People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Creators: name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Bonardi, Alexandra
name: Holder, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2015

description: Dental schools and dental hygiene programs are required to incorporate specialized training in their programs to serve people with special needs, however people with intellectual and developmental disability (I/DD) continue to experience poor oral health outcomes. Access to clinicians with the desire and skill to care for people with I/DD remains a challenge. There is a need to understand the best approaches to improve access, and to reduce disparity in oral health, for this vulnerable population representing approximately 1-3% of the general population. Researchers are systematically investigating the literature to uncover evidence of effective approaches to improve access and to support good oral health behaviors. These approaches should be integrated into educational curricula.
title: A Systematic Review of Oral Health Interventions to Reduce Disparities in Adults with Intellectual Disability: Results of a Novel Approach
Creators: name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Bonardi, Alexandra
name: Holder, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2015

description: Research consistently shows that people with I/DD experience poorer oral hygiene, higher prevalence and severity of periodontal disease, and higher incidence of untreated caries when compared to the general population. In a systematic review funded by the Centers for Disease Control (NCBDD), researchers rigorously evaluated evidence for a wide range of interventions that offer the potential to reduce those disparities. More than 4,000 titles/abstracts were identified from a literature search that included peer reviewed as well as gray literature. After criteria were applied to identify the I/DD population and intervention-studies only, the number of full text reviews was reduced to 125, and intervention categories were identified as follows: 1) sedation, appropriate use in the population; 2) education and behavioral interventions for treatment and prevention directed at individuals, caregivers and providers; 3) prevention strategies such as fluoride and chlorhexidine; and 4) access issues related to financing and funding. Researchers completed data extraction using a structured on-line tool, the Systematic Review Data Repository. The broad range of topic areas required researchers to include clinical experts in the structured review providing valuable input into the interpretation of findings, providing a measure of external validity for each reported study. A research methodologist accomplished a separate review of the studies’ internal validity, including design and statistical analyses. Results of the complimentary examinations of validity were included in the overall measure of the quality of each study and used in assigning a level of evidence to each study that was included for each topic.
title: Interventions to Improve Access and Health Behaviors in Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disability:  A National Resource for Oral Health
Creators: name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Bonardi, Alexandra
name: Fleming, Cindy K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2015

description: The presentation will describe the process by which the systematic review, designed to uncover interventions to reduce oral health disparities in individuals with intellectual and developmental disability, was conducted, along with the search strategy, interventions and outcomes measured. The presentation will convey the evidence base and promising practices for access, behavior, and prevention to generate discussion among researchers, clinicians and policy makers, about future study topics.
ABC News/Washington Post: October 2020 North Carolina Poll
Creators: name: ABC News
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Following 2020 presidential election (1); voting in election (2); President Donald Trump vs. Former Vice President Joe Biden (4); enthusiasm about supporting Biden/Trump (2); vote for Cal Cunningham vs. Thom Tillis for United States Senate (3); most important issue in US Senate vote (3); trust Trump vs. Biden on issues (2); Trump job performance (3); worried about coronavirus (COVID-19) (1); vote in 2016 presidential election (2); vote in 2018 congressional election (1); political partisanship (2); ideology (3); military service (1).
Impact of a Proposed Reservoir on Local Land Values
Creators: name: Drucker, Philip
name: Smith, Charles R.
name: Turner, Allen C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1972

description: Abstract:
This project was designed to study the impact of private preconstruction land acquisition in a Central Kentucky area in which a flood-control dam and reservoir impoundment is planned. The research design was built around use of anthropological concepts and research techniques. By these means it was possible to analyze the perceived values of land to traditionalist residents, among which social and economic security concepts are paramount. Recent land purchases, locally believed to have been made chiefly by "outsiders," (urbanites from nearby Louisville), at prices out of line in terms of local agricultural worth, has been extremely unsettling contributing to the anxiety pattern typical of persons facing dislocation and their sympathizers. The newly developing pattern of land purchase, with values related to residential convenience, and access to the urban center, rather than to traditional agricultural values, has been accepted by a certain segment of the local population who appear to be trying to take advantage of the urban economic opportunities while retaining at least part of the rural value system and continuing to participate in rural society and rurally esteemed activities.
Funding information: The work on which this report is based was supported in part by funds provided by the Office of Water Resources Research, United States Department of the Interior, as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964.
title: Pathways to Friendship - Building Friendships One Person at a Time: An innovative two-year project to expand and improve the inclusion of people with IDD
Creators: name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Ross, Jim
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2018

description: For people with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD), making friends and participating in the community can be a challenge. Pathways to Friendship (Pathways), is a collaboration between The Arc of Massachusetts (The Arc) and the Massachusetts Department of Developmental Services (DDS) with an evaluation component provided by The Center for Developmental Disabilities Evaluation and Research (CDDER). Pathways includes training and consultation to disability service organizations on approaches to improve community inclusion and establish friendships between people with and without IDD.
title: Massachusetts Innovative Action to Support those Aging with an Intellectual or Developmental Disability (IDD)
Creators: name: Bruner-Canhoto, Laney
name: Oxx, Sharon
name: Clifford, Christine J.
name: Lauer, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2017

description: People with an Intellectual or Developmental Disability (IDD) may experience complex age-related issues, including dementia-related disorders, at earlier ages than the general population. To address changing needs, the Massachusetts Department of Developmental Services (DDS) formed a multidisciplinary workgroup of disability and aging-related public and private agency partners. The workgroup explored key areas of age-related needs, including end of life care and services; screenings for onset of age-associated changes and conditions; and innovative models and resources to support aging in community settings.
Historical Aspect of Crime Analysis
Creators: name: Silva, Banuka N. De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: Personality, Social and Criminal Psychology

description: Crime analysis is a law enforcement function that requires structural examination of patterns and trends of crime and disorder to define and interpret. Pattern information will help law enforcement departments deploy staff more efficiently and help detectives locate and arrest criminals. Crime analysis can be conducted at a variety of levels, including tactical, operational and strategic. Crime researchers review crime news, arrest reports, and police call for service to recognise evolving events, series, and trends as soon as possible. They analyse these events for any possible causes, often forecast or predict potential events, and issue updates, reports and warnings to their departments. They then collaborate with their police departments to develop appropriate plans and methods to deal with crime and disorder. Other responsibilities of crime analysts can include planning statistics, data requests or on-demand maps; reviewing beat and change configurations; preparing information for neighbourhood or court presentations; answering questions from the public and the press; delivering data and information resources to the CompStat police department. The main purpose of this article was to identify the historical development of crime analysis.
title: Prehabilitation for Shoulder Dysfunction in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sara-Grace
name: Baima, Jennifer
name: Waugh, Debra
name: Woo, Lauren
name: Sooy, John
name: Larkin, Anne C.
name: Ward, B. Marie
name: Edmiston, Kathryn
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2015

description: Objective: To evaluate prehabilitation exercises to improve shoulder pain and abduction range of motion (ROM) after breast cancer surgery; to evaluate methods of exercise teaching; to assess postsurgical seroma formation.

Design: Pilot study

Setting: Academic medical center

Participants: 60 breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to either personal exercise instruction, group 1, n=36, or video only instruction, group 2, n=24.

Interventions: Shoulder exercises were assigned to both groups 1 month prior to surgery at an outpatient visit. Group 1 received personal instruction on exercises, plus written exercise instruction, and a link to access an online video. Group 2 received only written exercise instruction and a link to access the online video.

Main Outcome Measures: Exercise compliance, pain (via visual analog scale), shoulder abduction ROM (via goniometer), and presence or absence of seroma.

Results or Clinical Course: 76% of study patients chose to exercise. There was no difference in exercise compliance between personal instruction versus video teaching. (75%, 24/32 in-person vs. 77%, 10/13 video only, OR=1.03). 66% of patients (20/30) lost greater than 10 degrees shoulder abduction ROM at 1 month post surgery. 29% of patients (9/31) had worse shoulder pain at one month post surgery than at baseline (24%, 6/25 exercisers, and 50%, 3/6 non-exercisers). 15% of patients (4/27) had worse shoulder pain at 3 months post surgery than at baseline (8%, 2/25 exercisers, and 100%, 2/2 non-exercisers). Prehabilitation exercise program inferred no additional risk of seroma formation (21%, 7/33 exercisers vs. 22%, 2/9 non-exercisers OR=.94).

Conclusion: In-person teaching does not appear superior to video teaching for prehabilitation exercises in breast cancer. A high quality randomized controlled trial is necessary to assess efficacy of prehabilitation for improving post surgical outcomes. Prehabilitation exercises do not appear to increase risk of seroma formation in breast cancer surgery.