cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Die Augen-Metapher im Blick
Creators: name: Szadai, Lisa
Year: 2017

description: Die evolutionär bedingte Anziehungskraft der Augen bildet die Grundlage der vorliegenden Masterarbeit. Darauf aufbauend konnten zwei Schemata für die minimalen formalen Anforderungen von Augen entwickelt werden, von welchen jeweils eines wirksam ist, je nachdem ob ein Auge oder ein Augenpaar dargestellt wird. Außerhalb der physiognomischen Verankerung im Gesicht sind diese Schemata essentiell, um eine Erkennbarkeit als Augen zu ermöglichen und auch andere Objekte als augenförmig klassifizieren zu können. Sechs unterschiedliche Gemälde wurden aufgrund von innerbildlichen Elementen, die einerseits formale Ähnlichkeiten zu Augen besitzen, aber in verschieden starken Ausprägungen durch eine primäre Bedeutungsebene überlagert werden, ausgewählt. Der Blick von Betrachter_innen diente dabei als Indikator, um die Wirksamkeit der Augen-Schemata zu überprüfen und diese auch in Verbindung mit einer Kategorisierung der Bilder, hinsichtlich des bewussten Erkennens oder der unbewussten Anziehung von Augen-Metaphern, zu analysieren. Für die Auswertung wurden die Bildbereiche jedes Gemäldes den Kategorien „Augen in einem Gesichtszusammenhang“, „augenförmige Objekte“ und „Objekte“ zugeordnet und diese, mittels ihrer Fixationsanzahlen sowie der Fixationsdichten, gegenübergestellt. Vor allem die ersten Sekunden wurden einer genaueren Betrachtung unterzogen, da eine schnelle Reaktion auf die dargestellten Elemente ihre etwaige Dominanz anzeigt. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse belegen eine blickbindende Wirkung von augenförmigen Objekten, die unabhängig von einem bewussten Erkennen ist. Sofern die Bilder gegenständliche Darstellungen zeigen, liegt die Wirksamkeit der augenförmigen Objekte über jener anderer Objekte, aber unter jener von Augen in einem Gesicht, während bei abstrahierten Darstellungen die augenförmigen Objekte als stark dominierend auch gegenüber den Augen in einem Gesichtszusammenhang gesehen werden können.
Bayesian constraints on the astrophysical neutrino source population from IceCube data
Creators: name: Capel, Francesca
name: Mortlock, Daniel J.
name: Finley, Chad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on an astrophysical population of neutrino sources imposed by recent data from the IceCube neutrino observatory. By using the IceCube point source search method to model the detection of sources, our detection criterion is more sensitive than using the observation of high-energy neutrino multiplets for source identification. We frame the problem as a Bayesian hierarchical model to connect the high-level population parameters to the IceCube data, allowing us to consistently account for all relevant sources of uncertainty in our model assumptions. Our results show that sources with a local density of $n_0 \gtrsim 10^{-7}$ $\rm{Mpc}^{-3}$ and luminosity $L \lesssim 10^{43}$ erg/s are the most likely candidates, but that populations of rare sources with $n_0 \simeq 10^{-9}$ $\rm{Mpc}^{-3}$ and $L \simeq 10^{45}$ erg/s can still be consistent with the IceCube observations. We demonstrate that these conclusions are strongly dependent on the source evolution considered, for which we consider a wide range of models. In doing so, we present realistic, model-independent constraints on the population parameters that reflect our current state of knowledge from astrophysical neutrino observations. We also use our framework to investigate constraints in the case of possible source detections and future instrument upgrades. Our approach is flexible and can be used to model specific source cases and extended to include multi-messenger information.
description: Update to address erratum published at DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.105.129904. Code available online at https://github.com/cescalara/nu_pop
Testing the role of AGN on the star formation and metal enrichment of "twin galaxies"
Creators: name: Angthopo, J.
name: del Moral-Castro, I.
name: Ferreras, I.
name: García-Lorenzo, B.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effect of AGN activity on the star formation history of galaxies by analysing the stellar population properties of ten pairs of nearby twin galaxies -- selected as being visually similar except for the presence of an AGN. The selection of such twin samples represents a method to study AGN feedback, as recently proposed by del Moral Castro et al. We use integral field unit (IFU) data from CALIFA, stacked within three fixed apertures. AGN galaxies in a twin pair suggest more evolved stellar populations than their non-AGN counterpart 90% of the time, regardless of aperture size. A comparison with a large sample from SDSS confirms that most twins are representative of the general population, but in each twin the differences between twin members is significant. A set of targeted line strengths reveal the AGN member of a twin pair is older and more metal rich than the non-AGN galaxy, suggesting AGN galaxies in our sample may either have an earlier formation time or follow a different star formation and chemical enrichment history. These results are discussed within two simple, contrasting hypotheses for the role played by AGN in galaxy evolution, which can be tested in the future at a greater detail with the use of larger data sets.
description: 19 pages, 11+5 figures, 1 table, Published in MNRAS
Deepening the divide: Does globalization increase the polarization between winners and losers of globalization?
Creators: name: Ollroge, Rasmus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cleavage
subject: divide
subject: education
subject: globalization
subject: polarization
subject: winners and losers
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Does globalization increase polarization in attitudes toward international trade, immigration, and international organizations? Research from a variety of fields and disciplines assumes this relationship, but empirical studies are few. In this study, I examine whether globalization increases the attitudinal divide between education groups, with education being one of the main characteristics of social stratification distinguishing winners from losers of globalization. I use data from three waves of the National Identity Module of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) from 1995 to 2013 covering 29 countries (n = 79,101) to analyze between- and within-country interactions between the level of globalization and education in explaining attitudes toward globalization. The results show that while the attitudinal divide between educational groups is larger in countries with higher levels of globalization (between effect), polarization decreases as the level of globalization increases within countries (within effect), as persons with lower and medium levels of education become more positive toward globalization under increasing levels of globalization. The results are consistent across a wide range of robustness checks, including controlling for occupational class as a further distinction between winners and losers of globalization. The findings suggest that the expectations about a widening attitudinal divide between winners and losers of globalization should be treated with more caution.
Infecção por Parasitas Intestinais numa População Pediátrica
Creators: name: Sarmento, Alzira
name: Costa, José Manuel
name: Valente, Carlos A. Pratas
name: Teixeira, Maria Elisa
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: A infecção por parasitas intestinais é um problema de saúde pública, particularmente nos países em desenvolvimento.
Todo o programa que vise o controlo da transmissão de parasitas deve assentar numa análise actual da população alvo. Em Portugal os estudos epidemiológicos sobre este tipo de infecção são insuficientes, implicando limitações na avaliação da eficácia dos esquemas terapêuticos com anti-helmínticos.

Objectivos traçados: determinar a prevalência de infecção por parasitas num grupo de crianças utentes do Centro de Saúde de Ermesinde; caracterizar essa população e descrever a utilização de anti-helmínticos por parte desta.
Procedeu-se ao estudo de um grupo de crianças a frequentar a Consulta de Saúde Infantil do Centro de Saúde de Ermesinde, durante os meses de Março e Abril de 2002. Vários parâmetros foram avaliados e em cada caso foi solicitada a colheita de fezes para exame parasitológico a efectuar no Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge.
A idade média das 88 crianças participantes no estudo foi de 43,5 meses. Oitenta e uma (92,2 %) apresentavam um estado de nutrição normal.A maioria pertencia a famílias de classe social media / baixa.

Todas habitavam em casas com saneamento básico e água canalizada. Cinquenta por cento pertenciam a agregados familiares com mais de uma criança, 41 % conviviam com animais domésticos e 50 % frequentavam infantário.
Do total, 55 % fez desparasitantes pelo menos uma vez, A terapêutica mais utilizada foram os derivados do Benzimidazol.

A taxa de prevalência de infecção foi de 3,4 %, representando apenas casos de infecção por Giardia lamblia.
Segundo critérios da OMS, uma população com prevalência inferior a 50 % não necessita de quimioprofllaxia. A população estudada pertence à Categoria III, áreas de baixa prevalência, nas quais os desparasitantes apenas estão indicados em casos sintomáticos.

O estudo actual permite-nos concluir que a utilização generalizada de anti-helmínticos poderá ser desnecessária se tivemios conhecimento sobre o tipo de população em causa. Evitando, dessa forma, gastos desnecessários, efeitos colaterais pontuais dos fármacos e problemas de saúde pública em termos de indução de fenómenos de resistência.

Palavras-chave: Infecção intestinal parasitária, criança, anti-helmínticos
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)
Neoliberalism or Else: The Discursive Foundations of Neoliberal Populism in the Czech Republic
Creators: name: Prushankin, Keith
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: neoliberalism
subject: post-communism
subject: Czech Republic
subject: Vaclav Klaus
subject: discourse
subject: populism
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: This article examines the linkage of markets and democracy in the post-1989 Czech transition as a neoliberal populist discourse that delegitimized alternatives to the market as a return to authoritarianism. Using Laclau’s concept of equivalential linkages, I analyze Václav Klaus’ texts surrounding the voucher privatization program to determine how he formulated this linkage and communicated it to the public. Framing markets as natural, essential, and fundamentally Czech, Klaus constructed the people as a virtuous community of market individuals while othering those who opposed markets as communist holdouts and elitists. Klaus further legitimized marketization through identification with international neoliberal projects and thinkers. Through his moralized and dichotomized discourse, Klaus communicated to the public that there could be no freedom without markets, nor markets without freedom: a circular formulation that continues to influence Central and Eastern European political economy.
Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll: Clinton Inaugural Anniversary Report Card #4
Creators: name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1994

description: Party preference(2); voting record(2); Clinton job performance(5); evaluation of political leaders(8); most important problem(1); political parties(1); divided government(1); economy(4); health care(1);Clinton's leadership(1); Clinton's policies(4); Clinton administration ethical standards(1); Whitewater(2); ideology(1); government role(3); Holocaust(11).
Light and Darkness: consistently coupling dark matter to photons via effective operators
Creators: name: Arina, Chiara
name: Cheek, Andrew
name: Mimasu, Ken
name: Pagani, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revise the treatment of fermionic dark matter interacting with photons via dimension-5 and -6 effective operators. We show how the application of the effective operators beyond their validity introduces unphysical, gauge violating effects that are relevant for current experimental searches. Restoring gauge invariance by coupling dark matter to the hypercharge gauge field has implications for the parameter space above and below the electroweak scale. We review the phenomenology of these hypercharge form factors at the LHC as well as for direct and indirect detection experiments. We highlight where the electromagnetic and hypercharge descriptions lead to wildly different conclusions about the viable parameter space and the relative sensitivity of various probes. These include a drastic weakening of vector bosons fusion versus mono-jet searches at the LHC, and the incorrect impression that indirect searches could lead to better constraints than direct detection for larger dark matter masses. We find that the dimension-5 operators are strongly constrained by direct detection bounds, while for dimension-6 operators LHC mono-jet searches are competitive or performing better than the other probes we consider.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. Matches published version, additional information in figure 1
Panicum capuronii A. Camus
Creators: name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Panicum
Panicum capuronii

description: 6. Panicum capuronii A. Camus in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 103: 613. 1957 (Fig. 5).
Lectotypus (designated here): MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toliara: forêt d’Iera à env. 30 km W d’Ankazoabo, IV.1955, Humbert 29717 (P [P00450282]!; isolectotype: P [P00450283]!).
Delicate annual, erect, 5– 15 cm tall, the culms glabrous with some cilia at the nodes. Leaf sheaths pilose on the margins. Ligule a ciliolate membrane. Leaf blades elliptic, flat, membranous, cordate and amplexicaul at base, 2.5–5 × 0.5–0.9 cm, drying yellow-green, glabrous on both sides. Panicles terminal, fully exserted, 3–6 cm long, linear, the branches lax, ascending, with glandular patches, glabrous. Spikelets ovate, asymmetric, apically obtuse, c. 1.5 mm long, green, opening only partly. Lower glume equalling or slightly exceeding the spikelet, membranous, acute, 1–3-veined, glabrous to pubescent, separated from the rest of the spikelet by a short internode. Upper glume as long as the spikelet, herbaceous, 5-veined, hirsute with bulbous-based trichomes c. 1 mm long at maturity. Lower floret male, with a fully developed palea. Lower lemma thinly cartilaginous, 5-veined, sometimes hooded, glabrous. Upper lemma with sparse minute elongated verruccae towards the upper half, often dehiscing before the lower floret.
Distribution and ecology. – Endemic to Madagascar. Shade understory of seasonally dry forest, c. 400 m (Fig. 2B).
Notes. – Known from the type collection only.
Close to P. subhystrix but differs by the shape of the verrucae on its upper lemma which are sparse and elongated, not rounded. Panicum subhystrix occupies a different environmental niche of higher elevation rocky and savanna habitats on the High Plateau.
Brachiaria capuronii A. Camus has a short lower glume and spikelets arranged along racemes, and is a different species likely not directly related to Panicum capuronii. Confusion is possible since Brachiaria capuronii has broad membranous leaves somewhat similar to those of Panicum capuronii and comes from a similar area of Madagascar.
description: Published as part of Vorontsova, Maria S., 2018, Revision of the group previously known as Panicum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae) in Madagascar, pp. 143-186 in Candollea 73 (2) on page 154, DOI: 10.15553/c2018v732a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5724514
CBS News/New York Times Poll: 2008 Presidential Election/Iraq/Taxes/Genetically Engineered Food
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: George W. Bush job performance (3); Congressional job performance (1); economic conditions (2); Republican party (2); Democratic party (2); voter registration (1); 2008 Presidential campaign (1); primary vote (1); Hillary Clinton vs. Barack Obama (4); Hillary Clinton (9); Barack Obama (9); John McCain (10); John McCain vs. Barack Obama (1); Hillary Clinton vs. John McCain (1); partisan preference (5); important issues to address (2); candidate expected to win (2); Clinton/Obama vice presidential nomination (2); Democratic nomination (5); campaign focus (1); method of nominating candidates (1); candidate religion (1); Bill Clinton (1); Michelle Obama (1); Cindy McCain (1); media treatment of candidates (3); candidates handling Iraq (2); candidates handling healthcare (1); candidates handling immigration (1); Iraq (2); tax rebates (3); food modification (3); income vs. bills (1); gun ownership (1); knowing someone in Iraq (1).
Prática Desportiva na População Pediátrica Com Asma
Creators: name: Pedrosa, Cláudia
name: De Luca, Renata
name: Costa, Miguel
name: Oliveira, Arménia
name: Ribeiro, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: A actividade física, desportiva ou lúdica, é essencial para umestilo de vida saudável. Como os hábitos de vida se instalam numa fase precoce da vida, é importante que a prática desportiva faça parte» desde cedo, do quotidiano da criança, para que os efeitos desta prevenção primária se façam sentir mais tarde na idade adulta.Actualmente as novas terapêuticas permitindo um melhor controlo da asma, tomam possível uma adequada integração da criança asmática nas actividades desportivas.

Objectivo: Conhecer os hábitos desportivos e factores associados da população infantil com asma que frequenta a consulta de patologia respiratória infantil do Hospital de S. Miguel (Oliveira deAzeméis).

Material e Métodos: Foi efectuado um inquérito aos país e ás crianças com idade superior a 5 anos, durante os meses de Outubro e Novembro de 2002.

Resultados: Das 90 crianças (32F: 58M), com idades com preendidas entre 5 e 16 anos, verificou-se que 73% praticavam actividade física integrada no plano educativo escolar, 40% tinham actividades desportivas extra-escolares e 16% não praticavam qualquer desporto. O motivo mais referido para a não prática de desporto extra-escolar foi a indisponibilidade parental, essencialmente de ordem económica e geográfica. Não se verificou relação entre a não prática desportiva e a gravidade da asma ou o índice de massa corporal para o percentil 50. Demonstrou-se relação entre a prática desportiva das crianças e a dos pais.

Conclusões: Os pais e a escola têm um papel fundamental no fomento da actividade desportiva na criança, pelo que deverá ser neles que a prevenção primária deverá incidir.

Palavras-chave: Actividade física, asma, criança
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)
On K_0 of locally finte categories
Creators: name: Drozd, Yuriy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19A31 (primary), 16E20, 16H20, 55P42 (secondary)

description: We calculate the Grothendieck group $K_0(\cal A)$, where $\cal A$ is an additive category, locally finite over a Dedekind ring and satisfying some additional conditions. The main examples are categories of modules over finite algebras and the stable homotopy category $\mathsf{SW}$ of finite CW-complexes. We show that this group is a direct sum of a free group arising from localizations of the category $\cal A$ and a group analogous to the groups of ideal classes of maximal orders. As a corollary, we obtain a new simple proof of the Freyd's theorem describing the group $K_0(\mathsf{SW})$.
description: 21 pages
Public Agenda Foundation Poll: Public Opinions on Large and Small High Schools
Creators: name: Public Agenda Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Child of respondent/respondent is in public/private high school (2); grade level respondent teaches/of respondent/respondents' child (3); satisfaction with high school (3); accuracy of description of school (33); seriousness of problem at high school (34); local pride in high school (3); likeliness of serious violent incident in school (3); outcome for struggling students (2); improving high schools (3); size of high school (15); parents' choice of public high school vs. district decision (1); characteristics of different sized high schools (49); advantages of small high schools (15); drawbacks to small high schools (5); agree/disagree with statement about high school size (8); importance of small school vs. small class size (3); breakup of large high schools into smaller schools (11); respondents' activity in child's school (1); overcrowding of school (3); range of grades in high school (3); child receives reduced-cost/free lunch (2); African-American/Hispanic students in school (3); size of respondent's own high school (2); overall student achievement at school (1); cooperation between principal and teachers at school (1); teacher morale at school (1); importance of teaching in small school (1); important characteristics for student' success (3); support for small high schools (1); respondent is a special education teacher (1); teaching in public schools (2); effort put into school (1); accuracy of statement about student (7); respondent looks forward to going to school (1); personal interest of teachers in students (1); challenging teachers (1); availability of extra help from teachers (1); respect of students by teachers (1); teacher's knowledge about subject matter taught (1); parent-teacher communication (2); trusting adults in high school (1); treatment of teachers by students in school (1); cursing in common areas (1); fighting in school (1); child feels parent knows their favorite teacher by name (1); principal knows student by name (1); student is on a sports team (1); participation in after-school activities (1); student describes self as academically gifted (1).
Public Opinion and International Relations: An Analytical Study of the Settlement of the Anglo-Venezuelan Boundary Controversy
Creators: name: Salisbury, Maurice E.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The Anglo-Venezuelan boundary controversy occupies a peculiar place in the history of Anglo-American relations. The merits of this boundary dispute, the roots of which extended into past centuries, can hardly be said to be of importance to-day but the intervention of the United States in this dispute was of supreme Importance. In the following pages an attempt has been made to give a brief outline of the historical origin of the Anglo-Venezuelan boundary dispute; to show the principal points of difference in the contentions of the claimants while avoiding controversial discussion; to trace the diplomatic history of the controversy and the steps taken to bring about the intervention of the halted states; to examine into the causes of that outburst of passionate feeling which followed President Cleveland's message; and to follow the reaction in feeling in Great Britain which finally brought about the peaceful termination of the controversy. it would be hopeless to expect to bring within the compass of a single volume all that was said and written with reference to this incident and the account must, therefore, be given within broad outlines. The arbitration, under the treaty, properly belongs to another branch of the history of this dispute (hid no attempt has been made to enter into that field.
Type-III seesaw under A4 modular symmetry
Creators: name: Mishra, Priya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: We make an attempt to study neutrino phenomenology in the framework of type-III seesaw by considering A4 modular symmetry in the super-symmetric context. In addition, we have included local U(1)B-L symmetry which eventually helps us to avoid certain unwanted terms in the superpotential. Hitherto, the seesaw being type-III, it involves the fermion triplet superfields Σ, along with which, we have included a singlet weighton field ρ. In here, modular symmetry plays a crucial role by avoiding the usage of excess flavon (weighton) fields. Also, the Yukawa couplings acquire modular forms which are expressed in terms of Dedekind eta function η. However, for numerical analysis we use q expansion expressions of these couplings. Therefore, the model discussed here is triumphant enough to accommodate the observed neutrino oscillation data. Additionally, it also successfully explains leptogenesis.
title: Wunsch und Realität - Arbeitsmarkt für höher gebildete Frauen im Österreich der Zwischenkriegszeit
Creators: name: Zitzenbacher, Christina
Year: 2017

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird besprochen, in welchen Berufen Frauen und besonders höher gebildete Frauen in der Zwischenkriegszeit tätig waren und ob diese Tätigkeiten ihrem Ausbildungsniveau entsprachen. Um diese Frage zufriedenstellend beantworten zu können, wird ermittelt, welche Bildungs- und Erwerbsmöglichkeiten Frauen in dieser Zeit überhaupt offen standen und ob es grundlegende gesetzliche Regelungen für den Zugang von Frauen zur Bildung und zum Arbeitsmarkt gab. Die Ausbildungsmöglichkeiten für Mädchen und Frauen verbesserten sich zu Beginn der Zwischenkriegszeit enorm und mit den zunehmenden Möglichkeiten stieg in der ersten Republik auch das Ausbildungsniveau, das Mädchen erreichen konnten, an. Mit dem Beginn des Austrofaschismus in der zweiten Hälfte der Zwischenkriegszeit wurde den Mädchen der Weg zu höherer Bildung erneut erschwert. Zumal das präferierte Frauenbild im Austrofaschismus wieder ein traditionelles war. Obwohl immer mehr junge Frauen mit höherer Bildung die Schule verließen, war dies noch lange kein Garant dafür, eine gute Position am Arbeitsmarkt zu erlangen. Grundlegend waren die Berufschancen für diese Frauen in der Zwischenkriegszeit nicht die allerbesten, da immer noch Männer bevorzugt wurden und die Situation am Arbeitsmarkt aufgrund der Wirtschaftskrise angespannt war.
Public Agenda Foundation Poll: All Work and No Play? What Kids and Parents Really Want From Out-Of-School Time
Creators: name: Public Agenda Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2005

description: Day-to-day schedule during school year (2); after-school routine (3); how often home alone (3); kids who participate in organized activities/have a lot of time to themselves after school are better off (1); why kids respondent's age get into trouble (1); agree/disagree with certain statements (7); activities outside of school (52); respondent/parents decided how spent time when not in school (1); how would like certain types of after-school programs (4); kids who don't participate in after-school or weekend activities (4); best reason for a kid respondent's age to be involved in after-school and weekend activities (1); how often kids complain about being bored when not in school (1); free time usually is wasted/productive (2); hanging out with friends (1); youth or community center near respondent's home (3); community is doing as much as can be expected/could realistically do much more when it comes to having enough things for kids to do (3); friends with whom respondent spends time on a regular basis who live within walking distance of home (1); how usually get around other than to and from school (1); academic subjects where respondent could use extra help and attention (1); academic standards in public schools in community (2); finding interesting things to do (2); summer activities (9); how many kids in family (1); how often keep an eye on younger siblings when parents aren't around (1); parents' work schedule (1); parents are/are not college graduates (1); do/do not get free or reduced price lunches at school (1); what grades are children in (1); things that worry respondent about children (1); think these are/are not dangerous times for kids (1); how comfortable leaving child home alone for a few hours after school (1); academic subjects where child needs extra help and attention (1); after-school programs that focus on academic standards (1); do/do not think child is type who might do the wrong thing if hanging out with the wrong crowd (1); respondent's neighborhood (2); how often rely on child to keep an eye on younger siblings when not home (1): mom/dad takes care of most of the day-to-day needs of the children (1); involvement in deciding how child spends time when not in school (1).
Alexa Teacher Model: Pretraining and Distilling Multi-Billion-Parameter Encoders for Natural Language Understanding Systems
Creators: name: FitzGerald, Jack
name: Ananthakrishnan, Shankar
name: Arkoudas, Konstantine
name: Bernardi, Davide
name: Bhagia, Abhishek
name: Bovi, Claudio Delli
name: Cao, Jin
name: Chada, Rakesh
name: Chauhan, Amit
name: Chen, Luoxin
name: Dwarakanath, Anurag
name: Dwivedi, Satyam
name: Gojayev, Turan
name: Gopalakrishnan, Karthik
name: Gueudre, Thomas
name: Hakkani-Tur, Dilek
name: Hamza, Wael
name: Hueser, Jonathan
name: Jose, Kevin Martin
name: Khan, Haidar
name: Liu, Beiye
name: Lu, Jianhua
name: Manzotti, Alessandro
name: Natarajan, Pradeep
name: Owczarzak, Karolina
name: Oz, Gokmen
name: Palumbo, Enrico
name: Peris, Charith
name: Prakash, Chandana Satya
name: Rawls, Stephen
name: Rosenbaum, Andy
name: Shenoy, Anjali
name: Soltan, Saleh
name: Sridhar, Mukund Harakere
name: Tan, Liz
name: Triefenbach, Fabian
name: Wei, Pan
name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Zheng, Shuai
name: Tur, Gokhan
name: Natarajan, Prem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: We present results from a large-scale experiment on pretraining encoders with non-embedding parameter counts ranging from 700M to 9.3B, their subsequent distillation into smaller models ranging from 17M-170M parameters, and their application to the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) component of a virtual assistant system. Though we train using 70% spoken-form data, our teacher models perform comparably to XLM-R and mT5 when evaluated on the written-form Cross-lingual Natural Language Inference (XNLI) corpus. We perform a second stage of pretraining on our teacher models using in-domain data from our system, improving error rates by 3.86% relative for intent classification and 7.01% relative for slot filling. We find that even a 170M-parameter model distilled from our Stage 2 teacher model has 2.88% better intent classification and 7.69% better slot filling error rates when compared to the 2.3B-parameter teacher trained only on public data (Stage 1), emphasizing the importance of in-domain data for pretraining. When evaluated offline using labeled NLU data, our 17M-parameter Stage 2 distilled model outperforms both XLM-R Base (85M params) and DistillBERT (42M params) by 4.23% to 6.14%, respectively. Finally, we present results from a full virtual assistant experimentation platform, where we find that models trained using our pretraining and distillation pipeline outperform models distilled from 85M-parameter teachers by 3.74%-4.91% on an automatic measurement of full-system user dissatisfaction.
description: KDD 2022
Enterocolite Necrosante: A Realidade de uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais
Creators: name: Guardiano, Micaela
name: Rocha, Gustavo
name: Guedes, M. Beatriz
name: Monteiro, Joaquim
name: Guimarães, Hercília
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Introdução; A enterocolite necrosante (EN) é a patologia gastrintestinal adquirida mais preocupante no período neonatal A maioria dos casos ocorre em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso (RNMBP) internados em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais (UCIN), com uma incidência de 1% a 8% nos diversos centros.

Objectivos: O objectivo deste estudo é determinar a evolução temporal da incidência de EN em RNMBP internados na UCIN do Hospital de São João (HSJ), nos anos de 1997 a 2001, avaliar a sua evolução clínica e comparar os dados obtidos com os do Registo Nacional dos RÍ4MBP e da Vermont Oxford Network.

Resultados: A casuística incluiu 44 RN, \17,5% do total de RNMBP internados na Unidade, no referido período. Em 21 (51,2%) RN ocorreu EN > II e 11 (25%) foram submetidos a cirurgia.

Verificaram-se 23 (52,2%) óbitos, sete em doentes submetidos a cirurgia (63,6%). A causa de morte foi atribuída à EN em 15 (65,2%) doentes. Os restantes quatro RN operados mantíveram-se cm seguimento, por um período de seis a 12 meses, tendo tido evolução favorável.
A nossa incidência de EN foi superior às da Vermont Oxford Network e do Registo Nacional de RN MBP.

Comentários: A nossa incidência de EN reflecte a actividade de um Serviço com cuidados em Cirurgia neonatal. O diagnóstico precoce, a evicção e correcção de factores de risco são aspectos fundamentais para a melhoria do prognóstico da EN. Como seria de prever, constatamos uma elevada mortalidade nos RNMBP com EN que necessitaram de intervenção cirúrgica.

Palavras-Chave: Enterocolite necrosante, recém-nascido de muito baixo peso.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)
Public Opinion and International Relations: An Analytical Study of the Settlement of the Anglo-Venezuelan Boundary Controversy
Creators: name: Salisbury, Maurice E.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Anglo-Venezuelan boundary controversy occupies a peculiar place in the history of Anglo-American relations. The merits of this boundary dispute, the roots of which extended into past centuries, can hardly be said to be of importance to-day but the intervention of the United States in this dispute was of supreme Importance. In the following pages an attempt has been made to give a brief outline of the historical origin of the Anglo-Venezuelan boundary dispute; to show the principal points of difference in the contentions of the claimants while avoiding controversial discussion; to trace the diplomatic history of the controversy and the steps taken to bring about the intervention of the halted states; to examine into the causes of that outburst of passionate feeling which followed President Cleveland's message; and to follow the reaction in feeling in Great Britain which finally brought about the peaceful termination of the controversy. it would be hopeless to expect to bring within the compass of a single volume all that was said and written with reference to this incident and the account must, therefore, be given within broad outlines. The arbitration, under the treaty, properly belongs to another branch of the history of this dispute (hid no attempt has been made to enter into that field.
Pew Hispanic Center Poll # 2004-NSL: Survey of Latinos on the News Media
Creators: name: Pew Hispanic Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2008

description: Country of origin (1); Latino vs. Hispanic (1); heritage (1); race (1); news source and topics (12); language of news source (10); news sources serving Latinos (2); source choices (13); opinions about news (7); news media impact on economic growth (1); news coverage (12); media image of Latinos (6); opinions of reporters (1); lingual preferences (7); immigration (6); political views (2); George W. Bush job performance (5); important issues (1); partisan opinions (2).
Pew Research Center Poll: February News Interest Index--Politics/News Stories/Social Security/Iraq/Stock Market/Foreign Policy
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: George W. Bush job performance (10); direction of country (1); impression of George W. Bush (2); how closely followed certain news stories this past month (6); Social Security (38); Iraq (10); stock market (2); more important that everyone be free to pursue life's goals without government interference/that government play an active role in society to guarantee nobody is in need (1); U.S. as world superpower (3); retirement plan/savings set aside for retirement (4); biggest source of retirement income (2); 2004 presidential election (2).
Hábitos e Perturbações do Sono de uma População Infantil de Vila Nova de Gaia
Creators: name: Pedrosa, Cláudia
name: Cruz, Georgina
name: Pereira, Susana Aires
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: O sono é um processo biológico altamente organizado, com influências sociais e culturais muito fortes. A higiene do sono ainda é uma designação desconhecida para a maioria dos cidadãos, sendo pouco divulgada pelos pediatras.

Objectivo: O objectivo deste estudo foi conhecer os hábitos e perturbações de sono de uma população infantil de V. N. Gaia e as suas repercussões sobre a família.

Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um inquérito às crianças de seis meses a dez anos de idade, que vieram acompanhadas pelos pais a uma consulta de Saúde Infantil do Centro de Saúde Soares dos Reis, durante um período de cinco meses.

Resultados: Das 56 crianças inquiridas» 38% dormem no quarto dos pais, 48% têm televisor no quarto e 77% vêem televisão à noite. No grupo etário dos 3 aos 6 anos este último facto ocorre em 100% dos casos. No total, 82% das crianças despertam mais tarde ao fim-de-semana e 34% deitam-se também mais tarde ao fim-de-semana. 96% das crianças faz uma número de períodos de sono diurno adequado á idade. As perturbações do sano foram referidas em 84% das crianças. As mais frequentes foram os despertares nocturnos (71%) e a somniloquia (29%). Só em 13% dos casos os pais abordaram este tema com o médico assistente.

Conclusões: Na população inquirida o tempo de sono nocturno e diurno foi adequado à idade na maioria dos casos. As perturbações do sono foram referidas numa percentagem elevada, particularmente os despertares nocturnos. O sono das crianças não é um tema habitualmente abordado nas consultas de Saúde Infantil.

Palavras-Chave: Sono, distúrbios do sono, criança.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)
Panicum crystallinum Judz. & Voronts.
Creators: name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Panicum
Panicum crystallinum

description: 8. Panicum crystallinum Judz. & Voronts. in Kew Bull. 69–9511: 4. 2014.
Holotypus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: Antongona, II.1963, Bosser 17188 (P [P00524470]!; isotype: P [P02309315, P02309316]!).
Delicate annual, semi-prostrate, to 15 cm tall, the culms glabrous. Leaf sheaths glabrous with some cilia at the apex and on the margins. Ligule a lacerate ciliolate membrane. Leaf blades ovate, flat, membranous, 1.5–2.0 × 0.3–0.45 cm, drying yellow-green, loosely hirsute on both sides. Panicles terminal and axillary, partly or fully exserted on a peduncle to 1 cm long, 2–4 cm long, diffuse, the branching distichous or in threes, the branches filiform, partly divergent at maturity, glabrous or with a few white cilia, the pedicels 1–6 mm long. Spikelets ovate to oblong, apically rounded, 0.9–1.1(–1.3) mm long, almost white, never gaping open. Lower glume a nerveless vestige of variable shape. Upper glume as long as the spikelet, translucent, 3-veined, with pronounced bulbous pickle hairs between the veins. Lower floret barren, without a significant palea. Lower lemma translucent, 3–5-veined, with pronounced bulbous pickle hairs between the veins. Upper lemma smooth, shiny, pale.
Distribution and ecology. – Endemic to Madagascar, wet forest understory shade and rocky places on the High Plateau near Antananarivo (Fig. 2B).
Notes. – Similar to P. manongarivense A. Camus but with translucent, crystal-like, bulbous-based prickle hairs on the upper glume and lower lemma (vs smaller prickle hairs) and without auricles (vs brown membranous auricles 1–1.5 mm long on mature leaves). Also similar to P. mitopus but spikelets 0.9–1.1(–1.3) mm long (vs 1.1–1.7 mm long).
This species is illustrated in VORONTSOVA (2014: Fig. 1).
Additional material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: Angavokely, V.1961, Bosser 15289 (P [P00524460, P02382370]).
description: Published as part of Vorontsova, Maria S., 2018, Revision of the group previously known as Panicum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae) in Madagascar, pp. 143-186 in Candollea 73 (2) on pages 156-158, DOI: 10.15553/c2018v732a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5724514
Consumo de Tabaco e Álcool em Adolescentes de Vila Nova de Gaia
Creators: name: Correia, Patrícia
name: Carvalho, Isabel
name: Campos, Rosa Arménia
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: O tabagismo representa um sério risco para o bem-estar de qualquer indivíduo. O estilo de vida dos adolescentes pode trazer repercussões nos níveis de saúde futuros da população, pois este é o período nobre da formação de comportamentos de saúde.

O presente estudo pretendeu determinar a prevalência de consumo de tabaco e álcool em adolescentes de Vila Nova de Gaia, avaliar associação entre consumo de tabaco, sexo, idade e hábitos tabágicos nos conviventes e entre consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, sexo e idade. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo com componente analítico na população de adolescentes das escolas secundárias.

A amostra final obtida foi 183 alunos com idade média de 13 anos e 46% de raparigas. Entre os adolescentes, 36,2% eram consumidores regulares de álcool e 6% já se embriagaram. Verificou-se o aumento do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas com a idade. A taxa de fumadores foi 6,6%, a curiosidade (58,3%) e a imitação (41,7%) dos amigos e namorado(a) foram os motivos identificados para o inicio do hábito de fumar. O consumo de tabaco pelos irmãos mais velhos e, sobretudo pelo melhor amigo, parece ser um dos factores determinantes para precipitar o inicio e o consumo de tabaco nos adolescentes. Encontramos a associação com o consumo por parte da mãe, irmào mais velho e melhor amigo.
Os resultados obtidos neste estudo coincidem com os de vários trabalhos revistos: o tabaco continua a ser, depois do álcool, a droga legal mais consumida pelos alunos dos países ocidentais. As campanhas anti-tabágicas devem ser dirigidas não só aos adultos e adolescentes, como também aos grupos etários inferiores, uma vez que se verifica um consumo precoce destas substâncias.

Palavras-chave; Adolescentes, Tabaco, Álcool, Idade, Sexo, Conviventes, Questionários.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)
Pew Research Center: Privacy Panel #4
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2017

description: Meaning of privacy (9); type of cell phone you have (1); benefits for sharing personal information (7); feelings regarding sharing information with companies (4); apps on your phone (17); turning off location tracking on phone or in an app (1); problems with cell phone (3).
Consulta de Diabetologia Pediátrica (Experiência de um Hospital Distrital)
Creators: name: Costa, Edite
name: Carvalho, Graça
name: Luís, Assunção
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: A Diabetes tipo1 é uma doença crónica de etiologia multifactorial (auto-imune, genético/ambiental), que resulta da destruição das células B pancreáticas, condicionando uma secreção inapropriada de insulina, aparentemente com uma incidência crescente a nivel mundial. Em relação ao grupo etário pediátrico, também aqui é notório um aumento gradual.

Os autores efectuaram um estudo retrospectivo com o objectivo de conhecer a população seguida na consulta de Diabetologia do Serviço de Pediatria do Hospital de São Teotónio de Viseu. Qual o numero de crianças vigiadas, o seu controlo metabólico, através de HAlc glicada, e as suas complicações foram alguns dos parâmetros avaliados. Foram analisados todos os processos clínicos das crianças que são orientadas nesta consulta, até Setembro de 2003. O número total de doentes foi de 73, sendo 41 do sexo feminino (56% ) e 32 do sexo masculino (44%). Actualmente a faixa etária de crianças e adolescentes que frequentam a consulta varia entre os 10 meses e os 20 anos de idade. A evolução de doença varia entre t mes a 16 anos, com uma média de 4 anos.

Em relação à distribuição durante o ano, existe um predomínio de novos casos durante o Inverno e Primavera. No que respeita ao controlo metabólico, 34% tinham valores de HbAlc glicada < 7,6%, 43% com valores entre 7,6-9 e 23% com HbAlc > 9.

O estudo imunitário» que actualmente tem sido feito, revelou em 73% dos casos anticorpos positivos.
Esta consulta tem permitido uma maior acessibilidade aos doentes e um apoio constante para qualquer dúvida, quer seja em relação à terapêutica ou aos controlos metabólicos, uma vez que se realiza num local próximo da sua residência.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)
Hábitos e Perturbações do Sono em Crianças em Idade Escolar
Creators: name: Mendes, Leonor Real
name: Fernandes, Armando
name: Garcia, Fernanda Torgal
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Introdução: O sono é um processo fisiológico complexo, influenciado por propriedades biológicas intrínsecas, temperamento, expectativas, normas culturais e condições ambientais.

Objectivo: Conhecer os hábitos e as perturbações do sono em crianças em idade escolar residentes na área de Lisboa.

Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um inquérito aos pais de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 5 e os 10 anos, em Consultas de Saúde Infantil (Centro de Saúde do Lumiar, Hospital de Santa Maria e Centro Hospitalar de Cascais), durante um período de quatro meses, versando algumas características sócio-demográficas, a história clínica, os hábitos e as perturbações do sono.

Resultados: Das 100 crianças inquiridas, 17% dormiam na cama dos pais» 20% com a luz acesa e 25% donnem com um objecto de transição. Apenas 10% das crianças fez um período dc sono diurno. As perturbações do sono foram referidas em 74% das crianças. As mais frequentes foram os pesadelos (46%) e a somniloquia (45%), Só em 1% dos casos os pais abordaram este tema com o médico assistente.

Conclusões: Na população inquirida o tempo de sono foi adequado à idade na maioria dos casos. As perturbações do sono foram referidas numa percentagem elevada, particularmente os pesadelos e a somniloquia. Estas perturbações não são habitualmente abordadas nas consultas de Saúde Infantil.

Palavras-Chave: Sono, perturbações do sono, criança.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 4 (2004)