cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
State tagging application for environmental data quality assurance
Creators: name: Tso, C-H.M.
Publisher: name: NERC Environmental Information Data Centre
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04xw4m193
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Modelling
valueUri: http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/13
subject: cluster analysis
subject: Environmental informatics
subject: Environmental Monitoring
subject: Data science
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Data analytics
subject: R shiny
subject: UK-SCAPE

description: This R application is an implementation of state tagging approach for improved quality assurance of environmental data. The application returns state-dependent prediction intervals on input data. The states are determined based on clustering of auxiliary inputs (such as meteorological data) made on the same day. The method provides contextual information to assess the quality of observational data and is applicable to any point-based, daily time series observational data.
To use this application, the user will need to input two separate csv files: one for state variables and the other for observations.
This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.
description: This application comprises the source code of a R shiny app (app.R) that implements the method described in https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.00046. It can be run on any machine with R and the required packages installed. The clustering is based on the k means function in the {stats} package in R. It has been tested up to R version 3.5.3. More testing info can be found in session_info.txt.
Conformal Invariance in Percolation, Self-Avoiding Walks and Related Problems
Creators: name: Cardy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the years, problems like percolation and self-avoiding walks have provided important testing grounds for our understanding of the nature of the critical state. I describe some very recent ideas, as well as some older ones, which cast light both on these problems themselves and on the quantum field theories to which they correspond. These ideas come from conformal field theory, Coulomb gas mappings, and stochastic Loewner evolution.
description: Plenary talk given at TH-2002, Paris. 21 pages, 9 figures
Heavy monopole potential in gluodynamics
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Gubarev, F. V.
name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss predictions for the interaction energy of the fundamental monopoles in gluodynamics introduced via the 't Hooft loop. At short distances, the heavy monopole potential is calculable from first principles. At larger distances, we apply the Abelian dominance models. We discuss the measurements which would be crucial to distinguish between various models. Non-zero temperatures are also considered. Our predictions are in qualitative agreement with the existing lattice data. We discuss further measurements which would be crucial to check the model.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, Lattice2001(confinement)
A functorial approach to differential characters
Creators: name: Turner, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R56, 53C05, 81T15, 58A10

description: We describe Cheeger-Simons differential characters in terms of a variant of Turaev's homotopy quantum field theories based on chains in a smooth manifold X.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol4/agt-4-6.abs.html
How Downwards Causation Occurs in Digital Computers
Creators: name: Ellis, George
name: Drossel, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Digital computers carry out algorithms coded in high level programs. These abstract entities determine what happens at the physical level: they control whether electrons flow through specific transistors at specific times or not, entailing downward causation in both the logical and implementation hierarchies. This paper explores how this is possible in the light of the alleged causal completeness of physics at the bottom level, and highlights the mechanism that enables strong emergence (the manifest causal effectiveness of application programs) to occur. Although synchronic emergence of higher levels from lower levels is manifestly true, diachronic emergence is generically not the case; indeed we give specific examples where it cannot occur because of the causal effectiveness of higher level variables.
description: Final version, as accepted for publication
Cosmology dependence of galaxy cluster scaling relations
Creators: name: Singh, Priyanka
name: Saro, Alex
name: Costanzi, Matteo
name: Dolag, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundance of galaxy clusters as a function of mass and redshift is a well known powerful cosmological probe, which relies on underlying modelling assumptions on the mass-observable relations (MOR). Some of the MOR parameters can be constrained directly from multi-wavelength observations, as the normalization at some reference cosmology, the mass-slope, the redshift evolution and the intrinsic scatter. However, the cosmology dependence of MORs cannot be tested with multi-wavelength observations alone. We use {\tt Magneticum} simulations to explore the cosmology dependence of galaxy cluster scaling relations. We run fifteen hydro-dynamical cosmological simulations varying $Ω_m$, $Ω_b$, $h_0$ and $σ_8$ (around a reference cosmological model). The MORs considered are gas mass, baryonic mass, gas temperature, $Y$ and velocity dispersion as a function of virial mass. We verify that the mass and redshift slopes and the intrinsic scatter of the MORs are nearly independent of cosmology with variations significantly smaller than current observational uncertainties. We show that the gas mass and baryonic mass sensitively depends only on the baryon fraction, velocity dispersion and gas temperature on $h_0$, and $Y$ on both baryon fraction and $h_0$. We investigate the cosmological implications of our MOR parameterization on a mock catalog created for an idealized eROSITA-like experiment. We show that our parametrization introduces a strong degeneracy between the cosmological parameters and the normalization of the MOR. Finally, the parameter constraints derived at different overdensity ($Δ_{500c}$), for X-ray bolometric gas luminosity, and for different subgrid physics prescriptions are shown in the appendix.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Kinematics of filaments in cooling flow clusters and heating by mixing
Creators: name: Hillel, Shlomi
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare a recent study of the kinematics of optical filaments in three cooling flow clusters of galaxies with previous numerical simulations of jet-inflated hot bubbles, and conclude that the velocity structure functions of the filaments better fit direct excitation by the jets than by turbulent cascade from the largest turbulent eddies. The observed velocity structure functions of the optical filaments in the three clusters are steeper than that expected from a classical cascade in turbulent dissipation. Our three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations show that as the jets inflate bubbles in the intracluster medium (ICM), they form vortexes in a large range of scales. These vortexes might drive the ICM turbulence with eddies of over more than an order of magnitude in size. A direct excitation of turbulence by the vortexes that the jets form and the slow turbulent dissipation imply that heating the ICM by mixing with hot bubbles is more efficient than heating by turbulent dissipation.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
R script from Mechanisms and drivers of belemnite body-size dynamics across the Pliensbachian–Toarcian crisis
Creators: name: Rita, Patrícia
name: Nätscher, Paulina
name: Duarte, Luís V.
name: Weis, Robert
name: Baets, Kenneth De
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Body-size reduction is considered an important response to current climate warming and has been observed during past biotic crises, including the Pliensbachian–Toarcian crisis, a second-order mass extinction. However, in fossil cephalopod studies, the mechanisms and their potential link with climate are rarely investigated and palaeobiological scales of organization are not usually differentiated. Here, we hypothesize that belemnites reduce their adult size across the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary warming event. Belemnite body-size dynamics across the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary in the Peniche section (Lusitanian Basin, Portugal) were analysed based on the newly collected field data. We disentangle the mechanisms and the environmental drivers of the size fluctuations observed from the individual to the assemblage scale. Despite the lack of a major taxonomic turnover, a 40% decrease in rostrum volume is observed across the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary, before the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event where belemnites go locally extinct. The pattern is mainly driven by a reduction in adult size of the two dominant species, Pseudohastites longiformis and Passaloteuthis bisulcata. Belemnite-size distribution is best correlated with fluctuations in a palaeotemperature proxy (stable oxygen isotopes); however, potential indirect effects of volcanism and carbon cycle perturbations may also play a role. This highlights the complex interplay between environmental stressors (warming, deoxygenation, nutrient input) and biotic variables (productivity, competition, migration) associated with these hyperthermal events in driving belemnite body size.
Young Urban Adults' Preferences for Wine Attributes: An Exploratory Study of the Republic of Macedonia Wine Market Applying the Best-Worst Scaling
Creators: name: Hristov, Hristov
name: Kuhar, Ales
name: Hristov, Hristov
name: Kuhar, Ales
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
International Development

description: This work focuses on measuring the importance of the attributes which influence the wine choice of Macedonian young wine consumers when they purchase wine in wine stores. Our goal is to identify significant behavioral differences across genderdemographic subgroups of the sample, in order to give marketers an instrument to develop more efficient marketing strategies. Most marketing researchers use rating scales to understand consumer preferences. These have a range of problems, which can be ameliorated by the use of the new technique, the best-worst scaling (BWS). The objectives of the paper are twofold: first, to explore the preferences and gender differences of Macedonian young urban adults towards wine attributes; and second, to present the best-worst scaling method and to demonstrate its empirical use. A total of 100 Macedonian young consumers between the age of 25 and 34 purchasing wine in wine stores participated in a face-to-face interview preformed in three wine stores in Skopje and one in Bitola. The best-worst scaling method was applied to measure the level of importance to a list of most common attributes used in a choice of wine. The study results shows that young urban adults in their selection of wine give more importance for the wine attributes: type of wine (red/white), brand, grape variety and price. The attributes less preferred were alcohol content, medal/awards and country of origin. Moreover, the study showed that genders differ in their use of wine attributes. Young males prefer more barrel aged wines, while females put more attention to wine type and bottle design.
Exact Solutions of Open Bosonic String Field Theory
Creators: name: Kluson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present two solutions of open bosonic string field theory defined on D0-brane background that correspond to the change of the D0-brane position in the transverse space.
description: 18 pages
Quantum thermodynamics in a static de Sitter space-time and initial state of the universe
Creators: name: Musmarra, Juan Ignacio
name: Bellini, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Relativistic Quantum Geometry we study back-reaction effects of space-time inside the causal horizon of a static de Sitter metric, in order to make a quantum thermodynamical description of space-time. We found a finite number of discrete energy levels for a scalar field from a polynomial condition of the confluent hypergeometric functions expanded around $r=0$. As in the previous work, we obtain that the uncertainty principle is valid for each energy level on sub-horizon scales of space-time. We found that temperature and entropy are dependent on the number of sub-states on each energy's level and the Bekenstein-Hawking temperature of each energy level is recovered when the number of sub-states of a given level tends to infinity. We propose that the primordial state of the universe could be described by a de Sitter metric with Planck energy $E_p=m_p\,c^2$, and a B-H temperature: $T_{BH}=\left(\frac{\hbar\,c}{2π\,l_p\,K_B}\right)$.
description: Version accepted in EPJC. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1904.11599
Supplemental Data_Jordt_AJP_Lung.pdf
Creators: name: Jordt, Sven
name: Kaelberer, Melanie
name: Caceres, Ana I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental Figures and Video for AJP-Lung article "Activation of a nerve injury transcriptional signature in airway-innervating sensory neurons after Lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation"
Darboux transformations from the Appell-Lauricella operator
Creators: name: Delgado, Antonia M.
name: Fernández, Lidia
name: Iliev, Plamen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define two isomorphic algebras of differential operators: the first algebra consists of ordinary differential operators and contains the hypergeometric differential operator, while the second one consists of partial differential operators in $d$ variables and contains the Appell-Lauricella partial differential operator. Using this isomorphism, we construct partial differential operators which are Darboux transformations from polynomials of the Appell-Lauricella operator. We show that these operators can be embedded into commutative algebras of partial differential operators, containing $d$ mutually commuting and algebraically independent partial differential operators, which can be considered as quantum completely integrable systems. Moreover, these algebras can be simultaneously diagonalized on the space of polynomials leading to extensions of the Jacobi polynomials orthogonal with respect to the Dirichlet distribution on the simplex.
Holoplankton and meroplankton of three western Atlantic sedimentary basins
Creators: name: De Oliveira Dias, Cristina
name: Bonecker, Ana Cristina Teixeira
name: De Castro, Márcia Salustiano
name: De Carvalho, Pedro Freitas
name: Paranhos, Rodolfo
name: Bonecker, Sérgio Luiz Costa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Holoplankton and meroplankton were investigated in three different basins of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin, from January to May of 2015. The copepods Clausocalanus furcatus, Undinula vulgaris, Nannocalanus minor, Scolecithrix danae, and the larvacean Oikopleura longicauda were the most abundant and frequent organisms. Simultaneously, decapod and mollusk larvae, and larval fish, were the most abundant meroplankton. The decapod Anapagurus chiroacanthus was recorded in the western Atlantic for the first time. The highest richness and diversity occurred in the Foz do Amazonas Basin, while the Pará-Maranhão Basin had the highest abundance, associated with high levels of total organic carbon. There was a clear separation among the three basins in the occurrence of some species. Our study revealed significant variability in the holo- and meroplankton communities of the region. The significant differences in suspended solids explained the holo- and meroplankton distribution among basins, mainly in the sampling stations of the Foz do Amazonas Basin, which is related to the influence of the Amazon River plume in this region.
Optimizing contrast and spatial resolution in hard X-ray tomography of medically relevant tissues
Creators: name: Rodgers, Griffin
name: Schulz, Georg
name: Deyhle, Hans
name: Kuo, Willy
name: Rau, Christoph
name: Weitkamp, Timm
name: Müller, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hard X-ray tomography with Paganin's widespread single-distance phase retrieval filter improves contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) while reducing spatial resolution (SR). We demonstrate that a Gaussian filter provided larger CNR at high SR with interpretable density measurements for two medically relevant soft tissue samples. Paganin's filter produced larger CNR at low SR, though \emph{a priori} assumptions were generally false and image quality gains diminish for CNR $>1$. Therefore, simple absorption measurements of low-$Z$ specimens combined with Gaussian filtering can provide improved image quality and model-independent density measurements compared to single-distance phase retrieval.
description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Applied Physics Letters 116, 023702 (2020), and may be found at https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5133742
Effective field theory approach to structure functions at small x
Creators: name: Nachtmann, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate the structure functions of deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering to current-current correlation functions in a Euclidean field theory depending on a parameter r. The r-dependent Hamiltonian of the theory is P0-(1-r)P3, with P0 the usual Hamiltonian and P3 the third component of the momentum operator. We show that small x in the structure functions correspond to the small r limit of the effective theory. We argue that for r->0 there is a critical regime of the theory where simple scaling relations should hold. We show that in this framework Regge behaviour of the structure functions obtained with the hard pomeron ansatz corresponds to a scaling behaviour of the matrix elements in the effective theory where the intercept of the hard pomeron appears as a critical index. Explicit expressions for various analytic continuations of structure functions and matrix elements are given as well as path integral representations for the matrix elements in the effective theory. Our aim is to provide a framework for truely nonperturbative calculations of structure functions at small x for arbitrary Q^2
description: 41 pages, 5 figures
Figure S5. Degradation of naked and liposome-encapsulated dsRNA in gut contents from Efficiency of RNA interference is improved by knockdown of dsRNA nucleases in tephritid fruit flies
Creators: name: Tayler, Alison
name: Heschuk, Daniel
name: Giesbrecht, David
name: Park, Jae Yeon
name: Whyard, Steve
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

description: Degradation of naked dsRNA and dsRNA combined with a liposome agent in (mixed sex) adult gut contents measured by band fluorescence intensity following 1.5% gel electrophoresis. A) DsRNA degradation after 10 min exposure to gut extracts; non-degraded dsRNA (dsRNA standard) was used as the reference, and dsRNA exposed to gut extracts (active guts+dsRNA) was fully degraded within 10 minutes, while liposome-protected dsRNA remained intact. B) DsRNA degradation after 60 minutes’ exposure to gut extracts. Liposomes still provided some protections to the dsRNA.
Table S2. Primers used to amplify gene targets from Efficiency of RNA interference is improved by knockdown of dsRNA nucleases in tephritid fruit flies
Creators: name: Tayler, Alison
name: Heschuk, Daniel
name: Giesbrecht, David
name: Park, Jae Yeon
name: Whyard, Steve
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

description: Primers used to amplify gene targets in B. tryoni.
Local Density of States in the Antiferromagnetic and Ferromagnetic Kondo Models
Creators: name: Sinjukow, P.
name: Meyer, D.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a simple approximation scheme we have computed the local density of states (LDOS) of the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic Kondo models for the full range of band occupations and coupling strengths. For both models the LDOS with its full energy dependence has not been calculated before. Arguments are given for the results to be qualitatively trustworthy despite the simplicity of the approximation scheme.
Supernovae Ia in 2019 (review): a rising demand for spherical explosions
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review new studies of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from 2019, and use these to improve the comparison between the five binary SN Ia scenarios. New low polarisation measurements solidify the claim that most SN Ia explosions are globally spherically symmetric (clumps are possible). Explosions by dynamical processes, like explosions that take place during a merger process of two white dwarfs (WDs) in the double degenerate (DD) scenario, or during an accretion process in the double detonation (DDet) scenario and in the single degenerate (SD) scenario, lead to non-spherical explosions, in contradiction with observations of normal SNe Ia. I argue that these (DD, DDet, SD) scenarios account mainly for peculiar SNe Ia. The explosion of a Chandrasekhar mass (Mch) WD (deflagration to detonation process) has a global spherical structure that is compatible with observations. To reach spherical explosions, SN Ia scenarios should allow for a time delay between the formation of an Mch-WD and its explosion. As such, I split the DD scenario to a channel without merger to explosion delay (MED) time (that forms mainly peculiar SNe Ia), and a channel with a MED, the DD-MED channel (scenario). I speculate that the main contributors to normal SNe Ia are the core degenerate (CD) scenario, the DD-MED scenario, both have Mch spherical explosions, and the DD scenario that has sub-Mch non-spherical explosions.
description: Accepted by New Astronomy Reviews
The non-perturbative constraint on sea quarks --the strange sea quarks in the nucleon and the soft pion contribution at high energy--
Creators: name: Koretune, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean charge sum rule for the light sea quarks in the nucleon which holds under the same theoretical footing as the modified Gottfried sum rule shows that a usual parameterization of the strange sea quark distribution underestimate its contribution in the small $x$ region. We give a discussion of the soft pion contribution at high energy as a possible explanation of the saturation of the sum rule and show that it naturally explains why the strange sea quark is suppressed in the region above $x \sim 0.01$ while it becomes abundant below it.
description: 5 pages, Talk presented at the International Conference on Flavor Physics(ICFP2001) in Zhang-Jia-Jie City,Hunan,China,June 2001
Figure S2. Knockdown of nuclease genes in B. tryoni adults by dsRNA injections from Efficiency of RNA interference is improved by knockdown of dsRNA nucleases in tephritid fruit flies
Creators: name: Tayler, Alison
name: Heschuk, Daniel
name: Giesbrecht, David
name: Park, Jae Yeon
name: Whyard, Steve
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

description: RNAi-mediated knockdown of nuclease genes in B. tryoni adults (50:50 males and females) through hemocoel injections. qRT-PCR analyses were performed on adult whole bodies collected at 24 hours (a,b) and 48 hours (c,d) post-injection. The values represent the means and standard errors for 8 biological replicates. Asterisks indicate significant differences (p<0.05).
Model for Small neutrino masses at the TeV Scale
Creators: name: Nasri, Salah
name: Moussa, Sherif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for neutrino mass generation in wich no physics beyond a TeV is required. We extend the standard model by adding two charged singlet fields with lepton number two. Dirac neutrino masses $m_{ν_D} \leq MeV$ are generated at the one loop level. Small left handed majorana neutrino masses can be generated via the seesaw mechanism with right handed neutrino masses $M_R$ are of order TeV scale.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Preparing Teacher Training Students for Evidence-Based Practice Promoting Students’ Research Competencies in Research-Learning Projects
Creators: name: Böttcher-Oschmann, Franziska
name: Groß Ophoff, Jana
name: Thiel, Felicitas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: evidence-based practice
subject: research-learning projects
subject: teacher training students
subject: longitudinal study
subject: research competencies
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Research-learning projects (RLP) enable teacher training students to acquire competencies for evidence-based practice (EBP) in the context of their university studies. The aim of this longitudinal study is to develop, implement, and evaluate a RLP format to promote competencies for EBP in teacher training students. These competencies can be broken down into the categories of using research, which involves reflection on and use of evidence to solve problems in teaching practice, and establishing research, which involves investigating a research question independently by applying research methods. In a longitudinal study we evaluate the increase in competencies based on a self-assessment of competencies (indirect measurement) focusing on establishing research, and a competence test (direct measurement) focusing on using research. We also add a retrospective pre-assessment version (quasi-indirect measurement) to consider response shift and over- or underestimation in self-assessments. Our findings show that teacher training students can be prepared for EBP through RLP. Further development potential for the RLP format is being discussed.
Molecular Interpretation of the $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ States
Creators: name: Burns, T. J.
name: Swanson, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A molecular model of the $P_c(4457)$ and $P_c(4440)$ LHCb states is proposed. The model relies on channels coupled by long range pion-exchange dynamics with features that depend crucially on the novel addition of the $Λ_c(2595)\bar D$ channel. A striking prediction of the model is the unusual combination of quantum numbers $J^P(4457) = 1/2^+$ and $J^P(4440) = 3/2^-$. Unlike in other models, a simultaneous description of both states is achieved without introducing additional short-range interactions. The model also gives a natural explanation for the relative widths of the states. We show that the usual molecular scenarios cannot explain the production rate of $P_c$ states in $Λ_b$ decays, and that this can be resolved by including $Λ_c(2595)\bar D$ and related channels. Experimental tests and other states are discussed in the conclusions.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Some new material in the conclusions, and a typo corrected in Table II
Additional file 6 of Effect of exercise and diet intervention in NAFLD and NASH via GAB2 methylation
Creators: name: Wu, Na
name: Yuan, Fan
name: Yue, Siran
name: Jiang, Fengyan
name: Ren, Decheng
name: Liu, Liangjie
name: Bi, Yan
name: Guo, Zhenming
name: Ji, Lei
name: Han, Ke
name: Yang, Xiao
name: Feng, Mofan
name: Su, Kai
name: Yang, Fengping
name: Wu, Xi
name: Lu, Qing
name: Li, Xingwang
name: Wang, Ruirui
name: Liu, Baocheng
name: Le, Shenglong
name: Shi, Yi
name: He, Guang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S2. Clinical traits of NASH mice after intervention. 1Intervention groups: EHFD, exercise plus high fat diet; ELFD, exercise plus low fat diet; HFD, high fat diet; LFD, low fat diet; MCSM, methionine choline sufficient diet (4 weeks). None intervention groups: MCD, methionine choline deficiency diet (8 weeks); MCSC, methionine choline sufficient diet (8 weeks).
Casimir effect for biaxial anisotropic plates with surface conductivity
Creators: name: Emelianova, N.
name: Fialkovsky, I. V.
name: Khusnutdinov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir energy is constructed for a system consisting of two semi-infinite slabs of anisotropic material. Each of them is characterized by bulk complex dielectric permittivity tensor and surface conductivity on the free boundary. We found general form of the scattering matrix and Fresnel coefficients for each part of the system by solving Maxwell equations in the anisotropic media.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in MPLA proceedings of 4th Symposium On The Casimir Effect (10th Friedmann International Seminar)
Threshold expansion for heavy-light systems and flavor off-diagonal current-current correlators
Creators: name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Melnikov, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An expansion scheme is developed for Feynman diagrams describing the production of one massive and one massless particle near the threshold. As an example application, we compute the correlators of heavy-light quark currents, (\bar b gamma_mu u) and (\bar b gamma_5 u), through O(alpha_s^2).
description: 4 pages, revtex4
Figure S1. Phylogenetic trees of nuclease genes from Efficiency of RNA interference is improved by knockdown of dsRNA nucleases in tephritid fruit flies
Creators: name: Tayler, Alison
name: Heschuk, Daniel
name: Giesbrecht, David
name: Park, Jae Yeon
name: Whyard, Steve
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

description: Neighbour-joining phylogenetic trees of a) dsRNase1 and b) dsRNase2 with evolutionary distance computed using the maximum composite likelihood method shown on the x-axis. Bootstrap values of 500 replicates are shown at nodes. Alignments were done using CLUSTAL O (1.2.4) and phylogenetic trees constructed and tested using MEGA X.
On the Endogeneity of Retail Markups in an Equilibrium Analysis: A Control-Function Approach
Creators: name: Hovhannisyan, Vardges
name: Stiegert, Kyle
name: Bozic, Marin
name: Hovhannisyan, Vardges
name: Stiegert, Kyle
name: Bozic, Marin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: benefit function
subject: conjectural variation
subject: control function
subject: retail conduct
subject: retail markup endogeneity

description: The endogeneity of retail markups arises due to the correlation between the markups and unobserved costs in the retail pricing equation. This correlations may be a result unobserved product quality affecting both price and markups. Despite inconsistency resulting from markup endogeneity, it has long been ignored in the equilibrium analysis of retail behavior. We account for retail markup endogeneity using a control-function approach in which controls are derived from empirical evidence in the marketing literature. Furthermore, we adopt three test procedures to evaluate this endogeneity and apply our method in an econometric analysis of retail market behavior in the marketing of yogurt in the United States. The results provide strong statistical evidence for the fact that markup endogeneity has been overlooked, resulting in upward bias in retail markups.
title: Affective Scaffoldings as Habits
title: A Pragmatist Approach
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Candiotto, Laura
name: Dreon, Roberta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: affective habits
subject: affective scaffoldings
subject: situated affectivity
subject: John Dewey
subject: Pragmatism
subject: sensibility
subject: emotion
subject: habit crisis
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: In this paper, we provide a pragmatist conceptualization of affective habits as relatively flexible ways of channeling affectivity. Our proposal, grounded in a conception of sensibility and habits derived from John Dewey, suggests understanding affective scaffoldings in a novel and broader sense by re-orienting the debate from objects to interactions. We claim that habits play a positive role in supporting and orienting human sensibility, allowing us to avoid any residue of dualism between internalist and externalist conceptions of affectivity. We provide pragmatist tools for understanding the environment's role in shaping our feelings, emotions, moods, and affective behaviors. However, we contend that in addition to environment, the continuous and recursive affective transaction between agent and environment (both natural and cultural) are also crucially involved. We claim that habits are transformative, which is especially evident when we consider that emotions are often the result of a crisis in habitual behavior and successively play a role in prompting changes of habits. The final upshot is a conceptualization of affective habits as pervasive tools for feelings that scaffold human conduct as well as key features in the transformation of behaviors.
Poles of the Scattering Matrix: An Inverse Method for Designing Photonic Resonators
Creators: name: Slovick, Brian A.
name: Matlin, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and implement a new mathematical and computational framework for designing photonic elements with one or more high-$Q$ scattering resonances. The approach relies on solving for the poles of the scattering matrix, which mathematically amounts to minimizing the determinant of the Fredholm integral operator of the electric field with respect to the permittivity profile of the scattering element. We apply the method to design subwavelength gradient-permittivity structures with multiple scattering resonances and quality factors exceeding 500. We also find the spectral scattering cross sections are consistent with Fano lineshapes. The compact form and computational efficiency of our formalism suggest it can be a useful tool for designing Fano-resonant structures with multiple high-$Q$ resonances for applications such as frequency mixing and conversion.
Gq/G11- und G12/G13-Protein-vermittelte Signaltransduktion im Kontext kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungsprozesse
Creators: name: Althoff, Till
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: G-proteins
subject: G-protein-coupled receptors
subject: Signaling
subject: biased ligands
subject: cardiovascular pharmacology
subject: cardiovascular research
subject: cardiology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: G-Protein-vermittelte Signalwege spielen eine zentrale Rolle bei einer Vielzahl physiologischer und pathologischer Prozesse. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt auf den G-Protein-Familien Gq/G11 und G12/G13 und deren Funktion im Kontext kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen. Untersucht wurden die Zelltyp-spezifischen Funktionen der entsprechenden Signalwege in Thrombozyten, Kardiomyozyten, glatten Gefäßmuskelzellen und Endothelzellen. Obwohl Gq/G11 und G12/G13 durch zahlreiche kardiovaskuläre G-Protein-gekoppelte Rezeptoren nach Bindung der endogenen Liganden wie beispielsweise Angiotensin II, Endothelin-1 oder Thrombin parallel aktiviert werden, scheinen sie das Krankheitsbild der Atherosklerose gegensätzlich zu beeinflussen. Während die Gq/G11-vermittelte Signaltransduktion in Gefäß-ständigen Zellen pro-atherogen wirkt, zeigte sich die G12/G13-vermittelte Signaltransduktion atheroprotektiv. Vor diesem Hintergrund erscheint eine selektive Inhibition von Gq/G11 vielversprechender als eine komplette Blockierung des Rezeptors und sämtlicher nachgeschalteter Signalwege durch konventionelle Rezeptor-Antagonisten. So wäre basierend auf dem Konzept des „ligand-biased signaling“ eine Inhibition nur des Gq/G11-vermittelten Signalwegs durch funktionell-selektive Rezeptor-Liganden („biased ligands“) ohne Beeinträchtigung der G12/G13-vermittelten Signaltransduktion als therapeutischer Ansatz zur Behandlung der Atherosklerose denkbar.
Effects of Microplastic Fibers on Soil Aggregation and Enzyme Activities Are Organic Matter Dependent
Creators: name: Liang, Yun
name: Lehmann, Anika
name: Yang, Gaowen
name: Leifheit, Eva F.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: microplastic
subject: organic matter
subject: soil aggregate stability
subject: enzyme activity
subject: soil structure
subject: soil health
subject: plastic pollution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Microplastic as an anthropogenic pollutant accumulates in terrestrial ecosystems over time, threatening soil quality and health, for example by decreasing aggregate stability. Organic matter addition is an efficient approach to promote aggregate stability, yet little is known about whether microplastic can reduce the beneficial effect of organic matter on aggregate stability. We investigated the impacts of microplastic fibers in the presence or absence of different organic materials by carrying out a soil incubation experiment. This experiment was set up as a fully factorial design containing all combinations of microplastic fibers (no microplastic fiber addition, two different types of polyester fibers, and polyacrylic) and organic matter (no organic matter addition, Medicago lupulina leaves, Plantago lanceolata leaves, wheat straw, and hemp stems). We evaluated the percentage of water-stable aggregates (WSA) and activities of four soil enzymes (β-glucosidase, β-D-celluliosidase, N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase, phosphatase). Organic matter addition increased WSA and enzyme activities, as expected. In particular, Plantago or wheat straw addition increased WSA and enzyme activities by 224.77 or 281.65% and 298.51 or 55.45%, respectively. Microplastic fibers had no effect on WSA and enzyme activities in the soil without organic matter addition, but decreased WSA and enzyme activities by 26.20 or 37.57% and 23.85 or 26.11%, respectively, in the presence of Plantago or wheat straw. Our study shows that the effects of microplastic fibers on soil aggregation and enzyme activities are organic matter dependent. A possible reason is that Plantago and wheat straw addition stimulated soil aggregation to a greater degree, resulting in more newly formed aggregates containing microplastic, the incorporated microplastic fibers led to less stable aggregates, and decrease in enzyme activities This highlights an important aspect of the context dependency of microplastic effects in soil and on soil health. Our results also suggest risks for soil stability associated with organic matter additions, such as is common in agroecosystems, when microplastics are present.
QCD Analysis of Polarized Scattering Data and New Polarized Parton Distributions
Creators: name: Blümlein, J.
name: Böttcher, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk results from a new QCD analysis in leading (LO) and next--to--leading (NLO) order are presented. New parametrizations of the polarized quark and gluon densities are derived together with parametrizations of their fully correlated 1$σ$ error bands. Furthermore the value of $α_s(M_Z^2)$ is determined. Finally a number of low moments of the polarized parton densities are compared with results from lattice simulations.
description: 5 pages LATEX, 1 ps figure, 1 style file, Contribution to DIS 2002, April 30 - May 4, 2002, Cracow
Closing gaps of a quantum advantage with short-time Hamiltonian dynamics
Creators: name: Haferkamp, Jonas
name: Hangleiter, Dominik
name: Bouland, Adam
name: Fefferman, Bill
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Bermejo-Vega, Juani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Demonstrating a quantum computational speedup is a crucial milestone for near-term quantum technology. Recently, quantum simulation architectures have been proposed that have the potential to show such a quantum advantage, based on commonly made assumptions. The key challenge in the theoretical analysis of this scheme - as of other comparable schemes such as boson sampling - is to lessen the assumptions and close the theoretical loopholes, replacing them by rigorous arguments. In this work, we prove two open conjectures for these architectures for Hamiltonian quantum simulators: Anticoncentration of the generated probability distributions and average-case hardness of exactly evaluating those probabilities. The latter is proven building upon recently developed techniques for random circuit sampling. For the former, we develop new techniques that exploit the insight that approximate 2-designs for the unitary group admit anticoncentration. We prove that the 2D translation-invariant, constant depth architectures of quantum simulation form approximate 2-designs in a specific sense, thus obtaining a significantly stronger result. Our work provides the strongest evidence to date that Hamiltonian quantum simulation architectures are classically intractable.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures. Minor typographic errors corrected. The term "quantum advantage" is synonymously used with "quantum supremacy"
Additional file 6 of RNAi-mediated silencing of Trichinella spiralis glutaminase results in reduced muscle larval infectivity
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
name: Meng, Xiaoqing
name: Yang, Xiao
name: Meng, Shi
name: Han, Caixia
name: Li, Xiaoyun
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Li, Wei
name: Song, Mingxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. RNAi effect on the culture medium of siRNA-881-treated muscle larvae under different pH values and culture times.
Patellapis (Patellapis) impunctata Timmermann & Kuhlmann 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Timmermann, Kim
name: Kuhlmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Patellapis
Patellapis impunctata

description: Patellapis (Patellapis) impunctata sp. n. Timmermann
(Figs. 16a–g)
 Diagnosis. The female is characterised by the shiny and completely unpunctate margins of T1–T3. In combination with the weakly convex, shiny, and extensively unpunctate scutellum the female of P. impunctata can be easily identify from all other species belonging to this species-group. The male of P. impunctata is unknown.
 Description
 Female. Bl = 7,1mm. General habitus (Fig. 16e). Head. L = 1,9mm; W = 2,2mm. Head slightly wider than long (Fig. 16a). Integument black except mandibles and malar areae partly reddish–black. Face shiny and with loose, long, greyish to yellowish, erect hairs. Mandibles bidentate. Clypeus and supraclypeal area convex in profile. Clypeus strongly and moderately densely punctate (i = 1,0–1,5d). Clypeoantennal distance 0,4mm. Supraclypeal area strongly and densely punctate (i = d), except lower part extensively unpunctate. Paraocular area strongly and densely punctate; surface partly sculptured. Mesosoma. L = 1,5mm; W (ITS) = 1,8mm. Integument black. Scutum shiny; disc strongly and densely punctate (i = d); surface partly chagreened anteriorly (Fig. 16b). Scutellum weakly convex, shiny and with extensively unpunctate areas laterally (Fig. 16c). Scutum, scutellum, metanotum, mesepisternum and propodeum with yellowish, erect hairs. Basal area of propodeum as illustrated in Fig. 16c; propodeum shiny, strongly and densely punctate. Marginal region of posterior truncation shiny; surface finely sculptured. Wings. Hyaline. Legs. Integument mostly brownish. Vestiture greyish to brownish. Ts finely serrate (Fig. 16f). Bp broad; broadly rounded apically (Fig. 16g). Metasoma. L = 4,0mm; W = 2,3mm. Integument brownish to blackish except the margins of T pallid brownish; margins partly translucent. Prepygidial fimbria brownish (Fig. 16d).
 Male. Unknown.
 Type material (1 specimen). Holotype, female, South Africa, Western Cape, Holfontein, 20 km S Clanwilliam, 08.viii.1984, leg. V. B. Whitehead (handwritten label), SAM – HYM – B009719, SAMC.
 Etymology. Named after the impunctate margins of metasomal terga T1-T3.
 Distribution (Fig. 17). A single record exist from Holfontein in the Western Cape.
 Floral visitation. Heliophila spec. (Brassicaceae).
 Seasonal activity (first–last observations). viii.
description: Published as part of Timmermann, Kim & Kuhlmann, Michael, 2009, Variable Selection and Inference for Multi-period Forecasting Problems, pp. 1-188 in Zootaxa 2099 on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.17863/cam.5647, http://zenodo.org/record/5311462