cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle Assessment in Circular Economy for Built Environment
Creators: name: Lei, Haoran
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400508
subject: Infrastructure engineering and asset management

description: Built environment, also referred to as the product of construction industry, encompasses all buildings and infrastructure and exerts tremendous impact on the natural environment. The concept of the circular economy is increasingly being applied to improve resource efficiency and reduce environmental burdens of the built environment. During the implementation of a circular economy, adopting life cycle assessment is necessary to evaluate the trade-offs between circularity and sustainability.

This thesis systematically investigates the application of life cycle assessment in the circular economy for the built environment. The research identifies inherent limitations of life cycle assessment methods that hinder their applications and compares various standards of life cycle assessment, quantifying the inconsistency between the assessment results based on these standards. New methods for circular economy assessment are developed to evaluate material circularity and environmental sustainability of the built environment simultaneously. By incorporating reliability methods, circular economy indexes are developed to quantify the probabilities of unsatisfactory circularity, sustainability, and overall circular economy performances. Various uncertain variables, such as structural degradation rate, recycling rate, and embodied impact coefficients, are considered in different life cycle stages of the built environment, such as product, construction, use, and end-of-life stages. In addition, the developed method and indexes are further demonstrated through multiple case studies. A wide range of circular economy applications are considered, such as mass timber structures, design for disassembly, and closed- and open-loop recycling.

This research highlights that incorporating life cycle thinking and adopting circular economy assessment can facilitate the management and monitoring of circular economy applications in the built environment. This research contributes to the knowledge of circular economy assessment as well as its implementation throughout the life cycle of the built environment.
What is the Curvature of 2D Euclidean Quantum Gravity?
Creators: name: Loll, R.
name: Niestadt, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the nonperturbative curvature properties of two-dimensional Euclidean quantum gravity, obtained as the scaling limit of a path integral over dynamical triangulations of a two-sphere, which lies in the same universality class as Liouville quantum gravity. The diffeomorphism-invariant observable that allows us to compare the averaged curvature of highly quantum-fluctuating geometries with that of classical spaces is the so-called curvature profile. A Monte Carlo analysis on three geometric ensembles, which are physically equivalent but differ by the inclusion of local degeneracies, leads to new insights on the influence of finite-size effects. After eliminating them, we find strong evidence that the curvature profile of 2D Euclidean quantum gravity is best matched by that of a classical round four-sphere, rather than the five-sphere found in previous work. Our analysis suggests the existence of a well-defined quantum Ricci curvature in the scaling limit.
description: 38 pages, 18 figures; description of ensembles moved to appendix, text duplication eliminated, small clarifications added, agrees with journal version
Comparison of Geometrical Layouts for Next-Generation Large-volume Cherenkov Neutrino Telescopes
Creators: name: Zhu, Tong
name: Jin, Miaochen
name: Argüelles, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water-(Ice-) Cherenkov neutrino telescopes have played a pivotal role in the search and discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. Experimental collaborations are developing and constructing next-generation neutrino telescopes with improved optical modules (OMs) and larger geometrical volumes to increase their efficiency in the multi-TeV energy range and extend their reach to EeV energies. Although most existing telescopes share similar OM layouts, more layout options should be explored for next-generation detectors to maximize discovery capability. In this work, we study a set of layouts at different geometrical volumes and evaluate the signal event selection efficiency and reconstruction fidelity under both an only trigger-level linear regression algorithm and an offline Graph Neural Network (GNN) reconstruction. Our methodology and findings serve as first steps toward an optimized, global network of neutrino telescopes.
Estimators for the cross-pairwise kSZ effect: forecasts for the dark energy and modified gravity parameters with Simons Observatory and CMB-S4
Creators: name: Gon, Aritra Kumar
name: Khatri, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and study a new cross-pairwise estimator to extract the kinetic Sunyaev Zeldovich (kSZ) signal from galaxy clusters. The existing pairwise kSZ method involves pairing clusters with other clusters and stacking them. In the cross-pairwise method, we propose to pair clusters with galaxies from a spectroscopic survey and then do the stacking. Cross-pairing decreases the measurement, instrumentation, and statistical noise, thus boosting the signal-to-noise ratio. However, we also need data from a galaxy survey in addition to the CMB temperature maps and a cluster catalog in order to use this method. We do a Fisher matrix analysis for the optimised pairwise and cross-pairwise estimators and forecast the ability of future Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments and galaxy surveys to measure cosmological parameters with the kSZ effect when combined with primary CMB and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data. We show that using the cross-pairwise kSZ estimator leads to a factor of 2(3) improvement in the $1σ$ error of the dark energy parameters $w_0$ and $w_a$ and a factor of 4(6) improvement for the growth rate index $γ$ compared to the pairwise estimator, when we pair the clusters from the Simons Observatory (CMB-S4) with the galaxies from the DESI survey.
Additional file 1 of Obstetrics care providers attitude and utilization of non-pharmacological labor pain management in Harari regional state health facilities, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Eyeberu, Addis
name: Debela, Adera
name: Getachew, Tamirat
name: Dheresa, Merga
name: Alemu, Addisu
name: Dessie, Yadeta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionaries developed for this study.
Generalized hydrodynamics of integrable quantum circuits
Creators: name: Hübner, Friedrich
name: Vernier, Eric
name: Piroli, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum circuits make it possible to simulate the continuous-time dynamics of a many-body Hamiltonian by implementing discrete Trotter steps of duration $τ$. However, when $τ$ is sufficiently large, the discrete dynamics exhibit qualitative differences compared to the original evolution, potentially displaying novel features and many-body effects. We study an interesting example of this phenomenon, by considering the integrable Trotterization of a prototypical integrable model, the XXZ Heisenberg spin chain. We focus on the well-known bipartition protocol, where two halves of a large system are prepared in different macrostates and suddenly joined together, yielding non-trivial nonequilibrium dynamics. Building upon recent results and adapting the generalized hydrodynamics (GHD) of integrable models, we develop an exact large-scale description of an explicit one-dimensional quantum-circuit setting, where the input left and right qubits are initialized in two distinct product states. We explore the phenomenology predicted by the GHD equations, which depend on the Trotter step and the gate parameters. In some phases of the parameter space, we show that the quantum-circuit large-scale dynamics is qualitatively different compared to the continuous-time evolution. In particular, we find that a single microscopic defect at the junction, such as the addition of a single qubit, may change the nonequilibrium macrostate appearing at late time.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures; v5: minor revision
Identification of conserved drought-adaptive genes using a cross-species meta-analysis approach
Creators: name: Shaar-Moshe, Lidor
name: Hübner, Sariel
name: Peleg, Zvi
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Drought is the major environmental stress threatening crop-plant productivity worldwide. Identification of new genes and metabolic pathways involved in plant adaptation to progressive drought stress at the reproductive stage is of great interest for agricultural research. Results We developed a novel Cross-Species meta-Analysis of progressive Drought stress at the reproductive stage (CSA:Drought) to identify key drought adaptive genes and mechanisms and to test their evolutionary conservation. Empirically defined filtering criteria were used to facilitate a robust integration of 17 deposited microarray experiments (148 arrays) of Arabidopsis, rice, wheat and barley. By prioritizing consistency over intensity, our approach was able to identify 225 differentially expressed genes shared across studies and taxa. Gene ontology enrichment and pathway analyses classified the shared genes into functional categories involved predominantly in metabolic processes (e.g. amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism), regulatory function (e.g. protein degradation and transcription) and response to stimulus. We further investigated drought related cis-acting elements in the shared gene promoters, and the evolutionary conservation of shared genes. The universal nature of the identified drought-adaptive genes was further validated in a fifth species, Brachypodium distachyon that was not included in the meta-analysis. qPCR analysis of 27, randomly selected, shared orthologs showed similar expression pattern as was found by the CSA:Drought.In accordance, morpho-physiological characterization of progressive drought stress, in B. distachyon, highlighted the key role of osmotic adjustment as evolutionary conserved drought-adaptive mechanism. Conclusions Our CSA:Drought strategy highlights major drought-adaptive genes and metabolic pathways that were only partially, if at all, reported in the original studies included in the meta-analysis. These genes include a group of unclassified genes that could be involved in novel drought adaptation mechanisms. The identified shared genes can provide a useful resource for subsequent research to better understand the mechanisms involved in drought adaptation across-species and can serve as a potential set of molecular biomarkers for progressive drought experiments.
ONLINE Veranstaltungen zum Forschungsdatenmanagement – 4 Coffee Lectures Forschungsdatenmanagement, Sommersemester 2020.
Creators: name: Strauch, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FDM
FDM Schulungen
Schulungen im Forschungsdatenmanagement
Coffee Lectures
Online Coffee Lectures
Digitale Coffee Lectures
Services im Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM in Bibliotheken
Bibliotheken
Universitätsbibliotheken

description: ONLINE Veranstaltungen – 4 Coffee Lectures Forschungsdatenmanagement, Sommersemester 2020 Die Veranstaltungen werden aufgrund der aktuellen Corona-Infektionslage DIGITAL übertragen. Kurzvorträge der Universitätsbibliothek zum Forschungsdatenmanagement (ca. 30 Minuten) Wo? Die Veranstaltung wird mit dem Webkonferenzsystem auf Basis von BigBlueButton (BBB) bereitgestellt Info: Die Nachhaltigkeit von Forschungsdaten, das Teilen von Forschungsdaten oder Publikationen von Datenbeständen gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Journals verlangen oft die Verfügbarmachung von Publikationen der zugrundeliegenden Daten eines Artikels. Universitäten, darunter auch die Universität Hildesheim, verabschieden Research Data Policies, und Forscherinnen und Forscher diskutieren sowohl die Chancen als auch die Risiken von "Open Data", die Herausforderungen des Datenschutzes und der Forschungsethik. Annette Strauch von der Universitätsbibliothek Hildesheim gibt im Sommersemester wieder einen kurzen Überblick zum Thema Forschungsdatenmanagement. Zusätzlich wird das Dienstleistungsspektrum der Uni-Bibliothek zu den E-Science Unterstützungsangeboten vorgestellt.
Effects of retardation on many-body superradiance in chiral waveguide QED
Creators: name: Windt, Bennet
name: Bello, Miguel
name: Malz, Daniel
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superradiant decay of a chain of atoms coupled to a chiral waveguide, focusing on the regime of non-negligible photon propagation time. Using an exact master equation description which accounts for delay effects, we obtain evidence to suggest that competition between collective decay and retardation leads to the emergence of an effective maximum number of atoms able to contribute to the superradiant dynamics, resulting in a plateau of the peak emission rate. To develop this analysis further, we investigate the inter-atomic correlations to find features consistent with the formation of individual superradiant domains. Moreover, we find that retardation can also result in persistent oscillatory atomic dynamics accompanied by a periodic sequence of emission bursts.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Supplementary document for Grayscale evaporation of organic thin-film microstructures - 7392444.pdf
Creators: name: Calvez, Stephane
name: bourrier, david
name: Bonneau, Justine
name: Salvagnac, Ludovic
name: Séguy, Isabelle
name: Gauthier-Lafaye, Olivier
name: CAMON, Henri
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplementary figures
PYTHON APPROACH: A FUZZY TIME SERIES FORECASTING TECHNIQUE IS USED TO PREDICT ONLINE RETAIL FOR FUEL BOOKING SERVICES
Creators: name: B. Mohamed Harif* & M. Karthikeyan**
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This paper describes the implementation of the Fuzzy Time Series approach, which was produced by estimating the interval length using the distribution method. The duration of the interval is critical in the fuzzy forecasting approach since it affects the accuracy of the predicting findings. The goal of developing this forecasting model is to achieve higher predicting accuracy. In this analysis, Statistical data on fuel bookings in online shopping were utilized to test the methodology on a certain day. The Python programming language is utilized during data processing. Based on the FTS method's accuracy test, it is possible to conclude that this technique gives better forecasting outcomes.
Additional file 1 of Daily versus every other day oral iron supplementation in patients with iron deficiency anemia (DEODO): study protocol for a phase 3 multicentered, pragmatic, open-label, pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Kron, Amie
name: Del Giudice, M. Elisabeth
name: Sholzberg, Michelle
name: Callum, Jeannie
name: Cserti-Gazdewich, Christine
name: Swarup, Vidushi
name: Huang, Mary
name: Distefano, Lanis
name: Anani, Waseem
name: Skeate, Robert
name: Armali, Chantal
name: Lin, Yulia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Anomalous radiation reaction in a circularly polarized field
Creators: name: Kibis, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum corrections to electron dynamics in a circularly polarized electromagnetic field are found within the Floquet theory of periodically driven quantum systems. It is demonstrated that emission of photons by an electron rotating under the field leads to the quantum recoil force acting on the electron perpendicularly to the velocity of its forward movement, which differs crucially from the known classical recoil force directed oppositely to the velocity. Physically, such an anomalous radiation reaction arises from the one-loop QED correction to the photon emission and has no analog within the classical electrodynamics. Possible manifestations of this phenomenon are discussed for electrons in strong laser fields.
description: Published version
Spin and orbital Edelstein effect in spin-orbit coupled noncentrosymmetric superconductor
Creators: name: Ando, Satoshi
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Cuoco, Mario
name: Chirolli, Luca
name: Mercaldo, Maria Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductors without inversion symmetry can exhibit a non-zero magnetization when a supercurrent is present, leading to non-dissipative magnetoelectric effects. Here, we focus on understanding the relation between the spin and orbital properties of these effects in conventional spin-singlet noncentrosymmetric superconductors with orbital Rashba coupling, particularly for multiorbital electronic systems with coupled spin and orbital moments. We investigate how atomic spin-orbit coupling influences the magnitude and direction of the spin and orbital Edelstein effect. Our findings indicate that the correlation between spin and orbital moments induced by supercurrents is generally not determined by the sign of atomic spin-orbit coupling, but rather by the number of bands at the Fermi level and the orbital characteristics of those bands with respect to the mirror parity. We investigate the character of the spin and orbital Edelstein effect by examining its dependence in momentum space and the role of avoiding crossings in determining the induced magnetization. The outcomes demonstrate that the sign change of the orbital Edelstein effect near avoiding crossing bands remains robust despite modifications to the atomic spin-orbit amplitude. Furthermore, we observe that the spin Edelstein effect is typically one order of magnitude smaller than the orbital Edelstein effect, but can be significantly enhanced in certain scenarios with increased atomic spin-orbit coupling. These results indicate that by manipulating the orbital degrees of freedom in noncentrosymmetric materials, the relationship between the spin and orbital Edelstein moments can be effectively controlled.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
title: Classifying urban form at national scale : the British morphosignatures
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Martin
name: Arribas-Bel, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Strathclyde Publishing
Year: 2022

description: In this paper, we use the recent spatial signatures framework to develop morphosignatures, a characterisation of space based on urban form, and we apply them to the whole of Great Britain. Identification of recurring patterns in the built environment is deeply embedded within all schools of urban morphology. A long-standing challenge in this context has been the ability to scale the analysis to cover large regions. In effect, advancing the systematic study of urban morphology has been limited to the ability to deploy granular methods to large portions of the urban landscape. The recent rise of morphometrics, and its ability to scale while retaining detail, has given urban morphology a fundamentally new toolkit to analyse the form of urban fabric at metropolitan or even national extents. In this tradition, morphosignatures are conceptually defined as an aggregation of granular elements into contiguous areas based on similar nature. We adopt the enclosed tessellation cell (ETC), the result of combining street networks and other urban "delimiters" with building footprints, as the core spatial unit. For each ETC, we calculate a wide range of characters that capture aspects of their spatial organisation, from dimension and shape of individual features to their spatial distribution, intensity or connectivity. We then group these ETCs using the K-Means algorithm, effectively deriving a comprehensive typology of urban form. We employ this approach on the case of Great Britain, illustrating both the potential and limits of the analysis of urban form at scale. Our resulting classification identifies 19 types of morphosignatures that can be organised into three macro groups: countryside, suburban low density development, and dense city centres. The main contribution of the proposed method, with respect to traditional morphological studies, resides in the scalability of the analysis while retaining granularity. We argue national-scale classification such as that of the British morphosignatures allows us to ask fundamentally new questions and provide complementary answers to those asked in smaller scale studies.
title: The city and the metropolis : urban form through multiple fabric assessment in Marseille, France
Creators: name: Fusco, Giovanni
name: Araldi, Alessandro
name: Perez, Joan
Publisher: name: University of Strathclyde Publishing
Year: 2022

description: This paper presents a multi-scale detection of urban fabric types through Multiple Fabric Assessment in Marseille, France's second city. MFA is a computer-aided streetscape-based urban morphometric protocol for morphological regionalization of large urban areas. First presented at ISUF 2017, MFA has already been successfully applied to the metropolitan areas of the French Riviera, Osaka and Brussels. The protocol is first applied to the central city, and then to the much larger metropolitan area around Marseille and Aix-en-Provence, stretching over 7000 km2 and home to 2.6 million inhabitants. In both cases, MFA detects eight well-defined families of urban fabrics with clear morphological specificities. The change of spatial extent has nevertheless consequences on the analysis results. On the one hand, urban fabric types detected at the two scales show a precise pattern of correspondences. On the other, each scale allows a finer description of its most preponderant morphological regions, detecting more specific types which are bundled together at the other scale. This is the case for the traditional urban fabrics of the compact city at the municipal scale, and for the suburban fabrics at the metropolitan scale. Accepting some generalisation, the urban fabric types detected by MFA are able to account for the variety of urban forms identified in 36 urban fragments by Marseille's metropolitan planning agency through classical morphological analysis. Beyond the different grain of the analyses (streetscapes vs urban blocks), expert-based and computer-aided classifications are in good agreement. Allowing comprehensive multiscale analyses of urban fabrics for the whole metropolitan area of Marseille, MFA showed the patchwork nature of its 20th century developments and put in perspective the overstated fragmentation of the 19th century urbanisation. Participating to the emerging field of urban morphometrics, MFA opens the way to wider comparative analysis at the national and international levels.
Topological zero modes and bounded modes at smooth domain walls: Exact solutions and dualities
Creators: name: Marra, Pasquale
name: Nigro, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topology describes global quantities invariant under continuous deformations, such as the number of elementary excitations at a phase boundary, without detailing specifics. Conversely, differential laws are needed to understand the physical properties of these excitations, such as their localization and spatial behavior. For instance, topology mandates the existence of solitonic zero-energy modes at the domain walls between topologically inequivalent phases in topological insulators and superconductors. However, the spatial dependence of these modes is only known in the idealized (and unrealistic) case of a sharp domain wall. Here, we find the analytical solutions of these zero-modes by assuming a smooth and exponentially-confined domain wall. This allows us to characterize the zero-modes using a few length scales: the domain wall width, the exponential decay length, and oscillation wavelength. These quantities define distinct regimes: featureless modes with "no hair" at sharp domain walls, and nonfeatureless modes at smooth domain walls, respectively, with "short hair", i.e., featureless at long distances, and "long hair", i.e., nonfeatureless at all length scales. We thus establish a universal relation between the bulk excitation gap, decay rate, and oscillation momentum of the zero modes, which quantifies the bulk-boundary correspondence in terms of experimentally measurable physical quantities. Additionally, we reveal an unexpected duality between topological zero modes and Shockley modes, unifying the understanding of topologically-protected and nontopological boundary modes. These findings shed some new light on the localization properties of edge modes in topological insulators and Majorana zero modes in topological superconductors and on the differences and similarities between topological and nontopological zero modes in these systems.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, published in PTEP
UDGS-SLAM : UniDepth Assisted Gaussian Splatting for Monocular SLAM
Creators: name: Mansour, Mostafa
name: Abdelsalam, Ahmed
name: Happonen, Ari
name: Porras, Jari
name: Rahtu, Esa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in monocular neural depth estimation, particularly those achieved by the UniDepth network, have prompted the investigation of integrating UniDepth within a Gaussian splatting framework for monocular SLAM. This study presents UDGS-SLAM, a novel approach that eliminates the necessity of RGB-D sensors for depth estimation within Gaussian splatting framework. UDGS-SLAM employs statistical filtering to ensure local consistency of the estimated depth and jointly optimizes camera trajectory and Gaussian scene representation parameters. The proposed method achieves high-fidelity rendered images and low ATERMSE of the camera trajectory. The performance of UDGS-SLAM is rigorously evaluated using the TUM RGB-D dataset and benchmarked against several baseline methods, demonstrating superior performance across various scenarios. Additionally, an ablation study is conducted to validate design choices and investigate the impact of different network backbone encoders on system performance.
Carbon Dioxide Sorption Isotherm Study on Pristine and Acid-Treated Olivine and Its Application in the Vacuum Swing Adsorption Process
Creators: name: Li, Jiajie
name: Hitch, Michael
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: This paper investigates the potential of pristine and acid-treated olivine as a substrate for CO₂ capture using a vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process from the gas-solid phase. The experiments tested the isotherm of pure CO₂ adsorption with partial pressure from 10-⁵ to 1 bar at ambient temperature. The CO₂ adsorption capacity and actual expected working capacity (EWC) curves of pristine and acid-treated olivine were determined. Isotherm studies predict that physisorption dominates chemisorptions at ambient temperatures. The adsorption capacity enhances with the increase of specific surface area, pore volume, and the appearance of Mg complexed on the mineral’s surface. Actual EWC studies showed that acid-treated olivine is an adsorbent choice for the VSA process, due to enhanced CO₂ adsorption capacities compared to olivine and the potential for 100% recovery of CO₂ during the regeneration process. Pristine olivine is not suitable for the VSA process because of bad regenerability, but it can be used in capturing and sequestering dilute CO₂ in process streams. Our research reveals excellent viability for the application of VSA in the area of CO₂ capture using pristine olivine and acid-treated olivine.
Exploring neutrino interactions in light of present and upcoming galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Pal, Sourav
name: Samanta, Rickmoy
name: Pal, Supratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard cosmological framework, neutrinos begin to free-stream after the weak interaction phase ends in the early universe, at a temperature of approximately $T \sim 1 \, {\rm MeV}$. However, the onset of neutrino free-streaming can be delayed if additional interactions occur in the early universe, leaving imprints on both the cosmic microwave background (CMB) angular power spectra and the large-scale structure (LSS) matter power spectra. We present a thorough analysis of early universe neutrino interactions with a fairly generalized parameterization of the interaction rates as a power law in neutrino temperature. In this (6+2) parameter scenario, we constrain the cosmological parameters along with the free-streaming redshift and the sum of the neutrino mass in presence of such interactions, with the help of full shape (FS) galaxy power spectra from BOSS Data Release 12. Our analysis reveals that a combined dataset of FS along with CMB and BAO offers improved constraints on the free-streaming redshift from present data, comparable to the forecast results from future CMB-S4 data. Additionally, we investigate the prospects of future galaxy surveys by forecasting on Euclid mission in combination with Planck and CMB-S4, and find significant improvement on both the free-streaming redshift and the sum of the neutrino mass than the existing constraints as well as than CMB-S4 alone.
description: 22 pages, 5 sets of figures and 7 tables. Comments are welcome
Risdiplam: an investigational survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) splicing modifier for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)
Creators: name: Markati, Theodora
name: Fisher, Gemma
name: Ramdas, Sithara
name: Servais, Laurent
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease which is characterised by muscle atrophy and early death in most patients. Risdiplam is the third overall and first oral drug approved for SMA with disease-modifying potential. Risdiplam acts as a survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) pre-mRNA splicing modifier with satisfactory safety and efficacy profile. This review aims to critically appraise the place of risdiplam in the map of SMA therapeutics. This review gives an overview of the current market for SMA and presents the mechanism of action and the pharmacological properties of risdiplam. It also outlines the development of risdiplam from early preclinical stages through to the most recently published results from phase 2/3 clinical trials. Risdiplam has proved its efficacy in pivotal trials for SMA Types 1, 2, and 3 with a satisfactory safety profile. In the absence of comparative data with the other two approved drugs, the role of risdiplam in the treatment algorithm of affected individuals is examined in three different patient populations based on the age and diagnosis method (newborn screening or clinical, symptom-driven diagnosis). Long-term data and real-world data will play a fundamental role in its future.
Brivaracetam, but not ethosuximide, reverses memory impairments in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
Creators: name: Nygaard, Haakon B.
name: Kaufman, Adam C.
name: Sekine-Konno, Tomoko
name: Huh, Linda L.
name: Going, Hilary
name: Feldman, Samantha J.
name: Kostylev, Mikhail A.
name: Strittmatter, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Recent studies have shown that several strains of transgenic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice overexpressing the amyloid precursor protein (APP) have cortical hyperexcitability, and their results have suggested that this aberrant network activity may be a mechanism by which amyloid-β (Aβ) causes more widespread neuronal dysfunction. Specific anticonvulsant therapy reverses memory impairments in various transgenic mouse strains, but it is not known whether reduction of epileptiform activity might serve as a surrogate marker of drug efficacy for memory improvement in AD mouse models. Methods: Transgenic AD mice (APP/PS1 and 3xTg-AD) were chronically implanted with dural electroencephalography electrodes, and epileptiform activity was correlated with spatial memory function and transgene-specific pathology. The antiepileptic drugs ethosuximide and brivaracetam were tested for their ability to suppress epileptiform activity and to reverse memory impairments and synapse loss in APP/PS1 mice. Results: We report that in two transgenic mouse models of AD (APP/PS1 and 3xTg-AD), the presence of spike-wave discharges (SWDs) correlated with impairments in spatial memory. Both ethosuximide and brivaracetam reduce mouse SWDs, but only brivaracetam reverses memory impairments in APP/PS1 mice. Conclusions: Our data confirm an intriguing therapeutic role of anticonvulsant drugs targeting synaptic vesicle protein 2A across AD mouse models. Chronic ethosuximide dosing did not reverse spatial memory impairments in APP/PS1 mice, despite reduction of SWDs. Our data indicate that SWDs are not a reliable surrogate marker of appropriate target engagement for reversal of memory dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice.
Spatial extremal modelling: A case study on the interplay between margins and dependence
Creators: name: Kakampakou, Lydia
name: Simpson, Emma S.
name: Wadsworth, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P12, 62H11

description: It is no secret that statistical modelling often involves making simplifying assumptions when attempting to study complex stochastic phenomena. Spatial modelling of extreme values is no exception, with one of the most common such assumptions being stationarity in the marginal and/or dependence features. If non-stationarity has been detected in the marginal distributions, it is tempting to try to model this while assuming stationarity in the dependence, without necessarily putting this latter assumption through thorough testing. However, margins and dependence are often intricately connected and the detection of non-stationarity in one feature might affect the detection of non-stationarity in the other. This work is an in-depth case study of this interrelationship, with a particular focus on a spatio-temporal environmental application exhibiting well-documented marginal non-stationarity. Specifically, we compare and contrast four different marginal detrending approaches in terms of our post-detrending ability to detect temporal non-stationarity in the spatial extremal dependence structure of a sea surface temperature dataset from the Red Sea.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
"Little red dots" cannot reside in the same dark matter halos as comparably luminous unobscured quasars
Creators: name: Pizzati, Elia
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
name: Huang, Jiamu
name: Schindler, Jan-Torge
name: Wang, Feige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has uncovered a new population of candidate broad-line AGN emerging in the early Universe, named ''little red dots'' (LRDs) because of their compactness and red colors at optical wavelengths. LRDs appear to be surprisingly abundant ($\approx 10^{-5}\,\mathrm{cMpc}^{-3}$) given that their inferred bolometric luminosities largely overlap with the ones of the UV-luminous quasars identified at high $z$ in wide-field spectroscopic surveys. In this work, we investigate how the population of LRDs and/or other UV-obscured AGN relates to the one of unobscured, UV-selected quasars. By comparing their number densities, we infer an extremely large and rapidly evolving obscured:unobscured ratio, ranging from $\approx20:1$ at $z\approx4$ to $\approx2300:1$ at $z\approx7$, and possibly extending out to very high ($\approx10^{47}\,\mathrm{erg}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$) bolometric luminosities. This large obscured:unobscured ratio is incompatible with the UV-luminous duty cycle measured for unobscured quasars at $z\approx4-6$, suggesting that LRDs are too abundant to be hosted by the same halos as unobscured quasars. This implies that either (a) the bolometric luminosities of LRDs are strongly overestimated (possibly because LRDs are dominated by stellar galaxy light) or (b) LRDs follow different scaling relations than the ones of UV-selected quasars, representing a new population of accreting SMBHs emerging in the early Universe. A direct comparison between the clustering of LRDs and the one of faint UV-selected quasars will ultimately confirm these findings, and shed light on key properties of LRDs such as their host mass distribution and duty cycle. We provide a mock analysis for the clustering of LRDs and show that it is feasible with current and upcoming JWST surveys.
description: 15 pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Observation of edge and bulk states in a three-site Kitaev chain
Creators: name: Haaf, Sebastiaan L. D. ten
name: Zhang, Yining
name: Wang, Qingzhen
name: Bordin, Alberto
name: Liu, Chun-Xiao
name: Kulesh, Ivan
name: Sietses, Vincent P. M.
name: Prosko, Christian G.
name: Xiao, Di
name: Thomas, Candice
name: Manfra, Michael J.
name: Wimmer, Michael
name: Goswami, Srijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chain of quantum dots (QDs) in semiconductor-superconductor hybrid systems can form an artificial Kitaev chain hosting Majorana bound states (MBSs). These zero-energy states are expected to be localised on the edges of the chain, at the outermost QDs. The remaining QDs, comprising the bulk, are predicted to host an excitation gap that protects the MBSs at the edges from local on-site perturbations. Here we demonstrate this connection between the bulk and edges in a minimal system, by engineering a three-site Kitaev chain in a two-dimensional electron gas. Through direct tunneling spectroscopy on each site, we show that the appearance of stable zero-bias conductance peaks at the outer QDs is correlated with the presence of an excitation gap in the middle QD. Furthermore, we show that this gap can be controlled by applying a superconducting phase difference between the two hybrid segments and that the MBSs are robust only when the excitation gap is present. We find a close agreement between experiments and the original Kitaev model, thus confirming key predictions for MBSs in a three-site chain.
description: v2 (version after peer review) - 26 pages, 4 main figures, 11 supplementary figures
Additional file 1 of Comparison of canine owner profile according to food choice: an online preliminary survey in France
Creators: name: Hoummady, S.
name: Fantinati, M.
name: Maso, D.
name: Bynens, A.
name: Banuls, D.
name: Santos, N. R.
name: Roche, M.
name: Priymenko, N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire: Lifestyle and nutrition habits. In this file, the questionnaire used for this study was original written in French and has been translated in English Language.
An Enhanced Harmonic Densely Connected Hybrid Transformer Network Architecture for Chronic Wound Segmentation Utilising Multi-Colour Space Tensor Merging
Creators: name: Cassidy, Bill
name: Mcbride, Christian
name: Kendrick, Connah
name: Reeves, Neil D.
name: Pappachan, Joseph M.
name: Fernandez, Cornelius J.
name: Chacko, Elias
name: Brüngel, Raphael
name: Friedrich, Christoph M.
name: Alotaibi, Metib
name: AlWabel, Abdullah Abdulaziz
name: Alderwish, Mohammad
name: Lai, Kuan-Ying
name: Yap, Moi Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Chronic wounds and associated complications present ever growing burdens for clinics and hospitals world wide. Venous, arterial, diabetic, and pressure wounds are becoming increasingly common globally. These conditions can result in highly debilitating repercussions for those affected, with limb amputations and increased mortality risk resulting from infection becoming more common. New methods to assist clinicians in chronic wound care are therefore vital to maintain high quality care standards. This paper presents an improved HarDNet segmentation architecture which integrates a contrast-eliminating component in the initial layers of the network to enhance feature learning. We also utilise a multi-colour space tensor merging process and adjust the harmonic shape of the convolution blocks to facilitate these additional features. We train our proposed model using wound images from light-skinned patients and test the model on two test sets (one set with ground truth, and one without) comprising only darker-skinned cases. Subjective ratings are obtained from clinical wound experts with intraclass correlation coefficient used to determine inter-rater reliability. For the dark-skin tone test set with ground truth, we demonstrate improvements in terms of Dice similarity coefficient (+0.1221) and intersection over union (+0.1274). Qualitative analysis showed high expert ratings, with improvements of >3% demonstrated when comparing the baseline model with the proposed model. This paper presents the first study to focus on darker-skin tones for chronic wound segmentation using models trained only on wound images exhibiting lighter skin. Diabetes is highly prevalent in countries where patients have darker skin tones, highlighting the need for a greater focus on such cases. Additionally, we conduct the largest qualitative study to date for chronic wound segmentation.
Spatial Form Factor for Point Patterns: Poisson Point Process, Coulomb Gas, and Vortex Statistics
Creators: name: Massaro, Matteo
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Point processes have broad applications in science and engineering. In physics, their use ranges from quantum chaos to statistical mechanics of many-particle systems. We introduce a spatial form factor (SFF) for the characterization of spatial patterns associated with point processes. Specifically, the SFF is defined in terms of the averaged even Fourier transform of the distance between any pair of points. We focus on homogeneous Poisson point processes and derive the explicit expression for the SFF in $d$-spatial dimensions. The SFF can then be found in terms of the even Fourier transform of the probability distribution for the distance between two independent and uniformly distributed random points on a $d$-dimensional ball, arising in the ball line picking problem. The relation between the SFF and the set of $n$-order spacing distributions is further established. The SFF is analyzed in detail for $d=1,2,3$ and in the infinite-dimensional case, as well as for the $d$-dimensional Coulomb gas, as an interacting point process. As a physical application, we describe the spontaneous vortex formation during Bose-Einstein condensation in finite time recently studied in ultracold atom experiments and use the SFF to reveal the stochastic geometry of the resulting vortex patterns. In closing, we also introduce a generalization of the SFF applicable to arbitrary sets in a metric space.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures