cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observation of Rayleigh scattering by simplified optical correlation-domain reflectometry without frequency shifter
Creators: name: Miyamae, Tomoya
name: Guangtao, Zhu
name: Kiyozumi, Takaki
name: Noda, Kohei
name: Lee, Heeyoung
name: Nakamura, Kentaro
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for measuring the transmission loss of an optical fiber using simplified optical correlation-domain reflectometry. By intentionally lowering the spatial resolution of the system, we observe the Rayleigh scattered signal for the first time without the need for a frequency shifter. Using this method, we simultaneously measure the transmission loss, location, and loss of faulty connections along a 10-km-long fiber under test by performing distributed reflected-power measurements of Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection.
title: The Desirability of a State High School Cross-Country Program for Utah
Creators: name: Hislop, Charles C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The purpose of this study was to determine if cross-country is a desirable sport for the Utah High School Activities Association to include as an interscholastic sport.
In order to determine practices, standards, and regulations of a desirable cross-country program, reasons for not including cross-country, and what the status of c ross-country is in Utah, questionnaires were sent to the states having a state sanctioned cross-country program , the states that do not have a state sanctioned cross-country program, and the track coaches in Utah.
From the data received , the following conclusions were made: (a) cross-country is a growing sport, across the nation and in Utah, (b) the cross-country program which is being conducted in the high schools of Utah at the present time is following some of the examples set by the states having an approved program, (c) there are certain standards and regulations which are being followed by the states across the nation that should be incorporated into Utah's program if administered by the Utah High School Activities Association, and (d) the Utah High School Activities Association should approve cross-country as an interscholastic sport.
Dark matter and dark energy proposals: maintaining cosmology as a true science?
Creators: name: Ellis, George F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the relation of explanations for the observed data to testability in the following contexts: observational and experimental detection of dark matter; observational and experimental detection of dark energy or a cosmological constant $Λ$; observational or experimental testing of the multiverse proposal to explain a small non-zero value of $Λ$; and observational testing of the possibility of large scale spatial inhomogeneity with zero $Λ$.
description: 14 pages. Paper for CRAL-IPNL conference "Dark Energy and Dark Matter", Lyon 2008
First-passage percolation with exponential times on a ladder
Creators: name: Renlund, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B43, 60K35

description: We consider first-passage percolation on a ladder, i.e. the graph {0,1,...}*{0,1} where nodes at distance 1 are joined by an edge, and the times are exponentially i.i.d. with mean 1. We find an appropriate Markov chain to calculate an explicit expression for the time constant whose numerical value is approximately 0.6827. This time constant is the long-term average inverse speed of the process. We also calculate the average residual time.
description: 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Association of cortical and subcortical microstructure with disease severity: impact on cognitive decline and language impairments in frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Creators: name: Ding, Wencai
name: Ren, Peng
name: Yi, Liye
name: Si, Yao
name: Yang, Fan
name: Li, Zhipeng
name: Bao, Hongbo
name: Yan, Shi
name: Zhang, Xinyu
name: Li, Siyang
name: Liang, Xia
name: Yao, Lifen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Structural T1 and diffusion weighted image acquisition protocols.
title: The Annual Demography of a Population of Antelope Ground Squirrels in Curlew Valley, Utah
Creators: name: Kitts, James R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The annual demography of a population of antelope ground squirrels in Curlew Valley, Utah was studied by measuring population density, natality, and mortality. Capture- recapture techniques yielded lower estimates than the Hayne strip- census. The estimates suggested 1968 was a year of population decline.
One hundred seventy- three squirrels were collected and autopsied to obtain sex ratio , age structure, natality, and mortality data . The seasonal sex ratios for adult and yearling squirrels showed 82 percent females in spring 1968, this gradually changed to 56 percent by winter . The seasonal sex ratios of the young squirrels showed 59 percent females upon emergence from natal burrows in summer 1968, increasing to 79 percent by winter.
The squirrels collected were aged by cementum annuli . The oldest were believed to be 5 years old . They composed 1.2 percent of the collection while young- of- the-year composed 38. 7 percent.
The estimate of mean corpora lutea was 7.6, the mean embryo count was 7.2, and the mean post-partum placental scar count was 5.8. The mean corpora lutea count for yearlings was statistically lower than the count for adults and the mean ovulation rate for 1968 statistically lower than the rate for 1969. An estimate of litter size from four nests gave a mean of 4.5. In 1968, the conception rate was 91 percent with yearlings comprising 75 percent of those not conceiving. In 1969, the rate was 100 percent.
Pre-Emergence mortality of the young was 41 percent. post-emergence mortality was 86 percent, and mortality, March - November, 1968 was 92 percent.
Adult and yearling spring-to-spring mortality for study area squirrels calculated from retrap data was 81 percent. Spring-to-spring mortality calulated from age distribution data and Ricker's formula was 71 percent. The spring-to-fall mortality for 1968 calculated from density estimates and age distribution data was 53 percent.
UHECR Signatures and Sources
Creators: name: Fargion, Daniele
name: Lucentini, Pier Giorgio De Sanctis
name: Khlopov, Maxim Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abstract. We discuss recent results on the clustering, composition and distribution of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) in the sky; from the energy of several tens of EeV in the dipole anisotropy, up to the highest energy of a few narrow clusters, those of Hot Spots. Following the early UHECR composition records deviations from proton, we noted that the UHECR events above 40 EeV can be made not just by any light or heavy nuclei, but mainly by the lightest ones as He,D, Li,Be. The remarkable Virgo absence and the few localized nearby extragalactic sources, such as CenA, NGC 253 and M82, are naturally understood: lightest UHECR nuclei cannot reach us from the Virgo distance of twenty Mpc, due to their nuclei fragility above a few Mpc distances. Their deflection and smearing in wide hot spots is better tuned to the lighter nuclei than to the preferred proton or heavy nuclei candidate courier. We note that these lightest nuclei still suffer of a partial photodistruction even from such close sources. Therefore, their distruption in fragments, within few tens EeV multiplet chain of events, have been expected and later on observed by Auger collaboration, nearly a decade ago. These multiplet presences, strongly correlate with the same CenA, NGC253 sources. The statistical weight of such correlation is reminded. We conclude that the same role of NGC 253 clustering at lower energies could also feed the Auger dipole anisotropy at lower energy ranges, integrated by nearest Vela, Crab, LMC and Cas A contributes. In our present UHECR model, based on lightest nuclei in local volumes of a few Mpcs, closest AGN, Star-Burst or very close SNR are superimposing their signals, frozen in different epochs, distances and directions, feeding small and wide anisotropy. Possible tests to confirm, or untangle the current model from alternative ones, are suggested and updated.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Eigenfunctions localised on a defect in high-contrast random media
Creators: name: Capoferri, Matteo
name: Cherdantsev, Mikhail
name: Velčić, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: primary 74S25, 74A40, secondary 35B27, 74Q15, 35B40, 60H15, 35P05

description: We study the properties of eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions generated by a defect in the gaps of the spectrum of a high-contrast random operator. We consider a family of elliptic operators $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ in divergence form whose coefficients are random, possess double porosity type scaling, and are perturbed on a fixed-size compact domain (a defect). Working in the gaps of the limiting spectrum of the unperturbed operator $\hat{\mathcal{A}}^\varepsilon$, we show that the point spectrum of $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ converges in the sense of Hausdorff to the point spectrum of the limiting two-scale operator $\mathcal{A}^\mathrm{hom}$ as $\varepsilon \to 0$. Furthermore, we prove that the eigenfunctions of $\mathcal{A}^\varepsilon$ decay exponentially at infinity uniformly for sufficiently small $\varepsilon$. This, in turn, yields strong stochastic two-scale convergence of such eigenfunctions to eigenfunctions of $\mathcal{A}^\mathrm{hom}$.
description: Published version
Emergent Network Structure, evolvable Robustness and non-linear Effects of Point Mutations in an Artificial Genome Model
Creators: name: Rohlf, Thimo
name: Winkler, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Genetic regulation is a key component in development, but a clear understanding of the structure and dynamics of genetic networks is not yet at hand. In this paper we investigate these properties within an artificial genome model originally introduced by Reil (1999). We analyze statistical properties of randomly generated genomes both on the sequence- and network level, and show that this model correctly predicts the frequency of genes in genomes as found in experimental data. Using an evolutionary algorithm based on stabilizing selection for a phenotype, we show that dynamical robustness against single base mutations, as well as against random changes in initial states of regulatory dynamics that mimic stochastic fluctuations in environmental conditions, can emerge in parallel. Point mutations at the sequence level have strongly non-linear effects on network wiring, including as well structurally neutral mutations and simultaneous rewiring of multiple connections, which occasionally lead to strong reorganization of the attractor landscape and metastability of evolutionary dynamics. Evolved genomes exhibit characteristic patterns on both sequence and network level.
Concepts of the term word in the Encyclopedie
Creators: name: Bartlett, Barrie Everdell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: That the eighteenth century was a period of changing ideas is a proposition as true when applied to questions of language as it is when applied to other fields of intellectual endeavour. Grammatical studies were still closely related to philosophy, as they had been for some centuries. The rationalism of the seventeenth century had resulted in the strictly logical exposition of grammatical theories whose aim was to produce a normative means of teaching the 'art de bien parler'. With this rationalist approach arose the theory of a grammaire générale and its attempts to reduce the grammatical facts of all languages to logical terms. Although the eighteenth century aimed rather at teaching the 'art de bien penser', the idea of a rationally-based grammaire générale persisted as the foundation for most grammatical description, and actually reached its highest point of development in the siècle des lumières. Empiricism and the sensationalist philosophy of Condillac were slow to affect the techniques of grammatical enquiry and description. After outlining these trends in grammatical description, our study continues by examining the eighteenth-century grammarians' concepts of the word, attempting to relate them to the philosophical and scientific shift from rationalism to empiricism. The Encyclopédie, in which may be found the grammatical doctrines of Dumarsais and Beauzée, is shown to contain two distinct approaches to this subject, both of which treat the word as the smallest meaningful unit of language and as the basic element of grammatical description. Whereas Dumarsais looked upon the word as essentially a logical element dependent on semantic and rational criteria, Beauzée is shown to have based his concept on empirical linguistic facts, and to have considered the word as a sign (exhibiting the dichotomy of expression and content) whose meaning is both semantic and functional. Like de Saussure at the turn of this century, Beauzée posited paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations dependent on the existence of relative and negative oppositions within the word as a passive element of the lexicon and as a functional unit of language. In the process of his development of these relationships, Beauzée also came very near to establishing the modern concept of the morpheme. The theories of Dumarsais and Beauzée are compared and contrasted and the conclusion drawn that Beauzée's empirical approach resulted in his being far more modern in his concept of the word and in his understanding of general language problems than Dumarsais.
On the 3D Curvature and Dynamics of the Musca filament
Creators: name: Kaminsky, Aidan
name: Bonne, Lars
name: Arzoumanian, Doris
name: Coudé, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filaments are ubiquitous in the interstellar medium (ISM), yet their formation and evolution remains the topic of intense debate. In order to obtain a more comprehensive view of the 3D morphology and evolution of the Musca filament, we model the C$^{18}$O(2-1) emission along the filament crest with several large-scale velocity field structures. This indicates that Musca is well described by a 3D curved cylindrical filament with longitudinal mass inflow to the center of the filament unless the filament is a transient structure with a lifetime $\lesssim$~0.1 Myr. Gravitational longitudinal collapse models of filaments appear unable to explain the observed velocity field. To better understand these kinematics, we further analyze a map of the C$^{18}$O(2-1) velocity field at the location of SOFIA HAWC+ dust polarization observations that trace the magnetic field in the filament. This unveils an organized magnetic field that is oriented roughly perpendicular to the filament crest. Although the velocity field is also organized, it progressively changes its orientation by more than 90$^{o}$ when laterally crossing the filament crest and thus appears disconnected from the magnetic field in the filament. This strong lateral change of the velocity field over the filament remains unexplained and might be associated with important longitudinal motion in the filament that can be associated to the large-scale kinematics along the filament.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, accepted in ApJ
Nuclear modification of electron yields from charm and bottom hadron in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Asano, Hidemitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: phenix
electron
charm
transverse momentum
invariant yield
dca
modification

description: This dissertation details the measurement of electrons from semi-leptonic decay of charm and bottom hadrons from Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200GeV by using the PHENIX detector in the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC). The invariant yield of charm and bottom hadrons as a function of pT were calculated. We also can calculate the nuclear modification of electrons from charm and bottom hadron decays separately using constraints on the bottom electron fraction.
Comparison of Consecutive and Re-stained Sections for Image Registration in Histopathology
Creators: name: Lotz, Johannes
name: Weiss, Nick
name: van der Laak, Jeroen
name: Heldmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: In digital histopathology, virtual multi-staining is important for diagnosis and biomarker research. Additionally, it provides accurate ground-truth for various deep-learning tasks. Virtual multi-staining can be obtained using different stains for consecutive sections or by re-staining the same section. Both approaches require image registration to compensate tissue deformations, but little attention has been devoted to comparing their accuracy.
 Approach: We compare variational image registration of consecutive and re-stained sections and analyze the effect of the image resolution which influences accuracy and required computational resources. We present a new hybrid dataset of re-stained and consecutive sections (HyReCo, 81 slide pairs, approx. 3000 landmarks) that we made publicly available and compare its image registration results to the automatic non-rigid histological image registration (ANHIR) challenge data (230 consecutive slide pairs).
 Results: We obtain a median landmark error after registration of 7.1 μm (HyReCo) and 16.0 μm (ANHIR) between consecutive sections. Between re-stained sections, the median registration error is 2.3 μm and 0.9 μm in the two subsets of the HyReCo dataset. We observe that deformable registration leads to lower landmark errors than affine registration in both cases, though the effect is smaller in re-stained sections. Conclusion: Deformable registration of consecutive and re-stained sections is a valuable tool for the joint analysis of different stains.
 Significance: While the registration of re-stained sections allows nucleus-level alignment which allows for a direct analysis of interacting biomarkers, consecutive sections only allow the transfer of region-level annotations. The latter can be achieved at low computational cost using coarser image resolutions.
description: submitted, data available at https://dx.doi.org/10.21227/pzj5-bs61
title: A History of the Future Homemakers of America in Utah From 1945 to 1970
Creators: name: Atkinson, Ruth
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: Information on the Future Homemakers of America at the national, state, and local level was studied and compiled, such as publications, scrapbooks, personal material, and other records.
It was found that the Utah organization of the Future Homemakers of America has followed the nationally outlined program for projects, activities, and meetings. The projects worked on within the state seem to have supported the eight stated purposes of the Future Homemakers.
It was shown that Future Home makers representing Utah have attended all of the national meetings for the past twenty-five years. Utah has contributed only five national officers. Student officers have planned and conducted the meetings and conventions of the Future Homemakers of America in Utah.
Extinction towards the cluster R136 in the Large Magellanic Cloud: An extinction law from the near-infrared to the ultraviolet
Creators: name: Brands, Sarah A.
name: de Koter, Alex
name: Bestenlehner, Joachim M.
name: Crowther, Paul A.
name: Kaper, Lex
name: Caballero-Nieves, Saida M.
name: Gräfener, Götz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cluster R136 in the giant star-forming region 30 Doradus in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) offers a unique opportunity to resolve a stellar population in a starburst-like environment. We obtain the near-infrared to ultraviolet extinction towards 50 stars in the core of R136, employing the `extinction without standards' method. To assure good fits over the full wavelength range, we combine and modify existing extinction laws. We detect a strong spatial gradient in the extinction properties across the core of R136, coinciding with a gradient in density of cold gas that is part of a molecular cloud lying northeast of the cluster. In line with previous measurements of R136 and the 30 Doradus region, we obtain a high total-to-relative extinction ($R_V = 4.38 \pm 0.87$). However, the high values of $R_V$ are accompanied by relatively strong extinction in the ultraviolet, contrary to what is observed for Galactic sightlines. The relatively strong ultraviolet extinction suggests that the properties of the dust towards R136 differ from those in the Milky Way. For $R_{V} \sim 4.4$, about three times fewer ultraviolet photons can escape from the ambient dust environment relative to the canonical Galactic value of $R_{V} \sim 3.1$ at the same $A_{V}$. Therefore, if dust in the R136 star-bursting environment is characteristic for cosmologically distant star-bursting regions, the escape fraction of ultraviolet photons from such regions is overestimated by a factor of three relative to the standard Milky Way assumption for the total-to-selective extinction. Furthermore, a comparison with average curves tailored to other regions of the LMC shows that large differences in ultraviolet extinction exist within this galaxy. Further investigation is required in order to decipher whether or not there is a relation between $R_V$ and ultraviolet extinction in the LMC.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (18 pages, 12 figures)
Scalar-tensor theories with pseudoscalar couplings
Creators: name: Flambaum, Victor
name: Lambert, Simon
name: Pospelov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the scalar-tensor theories of gravity extended by the pseudoscalar couplings to matter and gauge fields and derive constraints on the CP-odd combinations of scalar and pseudoscalar couplings from laboratory spin precession experiments and from the evolution of photon polarization over cosmological distances. We show the complimentary character of local and cosmological constraints, and derive novel bounds on the pseudoscalar couplings to photons from the laboratory experiments. It is also shown that the more accurate treatment of the spin content of nuclei used in the spin precession experiments allows to tighten bounds on Lorentz-violating backgrounds coupled to the proton spin.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Rough McKean-Vlasov dynamics for robust ensemble Kalman filtering
Creators: name: Coghi, Michele
name: Nilssen, Torstein
name: Nüsken, Nikolas
name: Reich, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60L20, 60L90, 60H10, 60F99, 65C35, 62M05

description: Motivated by the challenge of incorporating data into misspecified and multiscale dynamical models, we study a McKean-Vlasov equation that contains the data stream as a common driving rough path. This setting allows us to prove well-posedness as well as continuity with respect to the driver in an appropriate rough-path topology. The latter property is key in our subsequent development of a robust data assimilation methodology: We establish propagation of chaos for the associated interacting particle system, which in turn is suggestive of a numerical scheme that can be viewed as an extension of the ensemble Kalman filter to a rough-path framework. Finally, we discuss a data-driven method based on subsampling to construct suitable rough path lifts and demonstrate the robustness of our scheme in a number of numerical experiments related to parameter estimation problems in multiscale contexts.
description: 44 pages, 7 figures
Optical M0bius Strips in Three Dimensional Ellipse Fields: Lines of Linear Polarization
Creators: name: Freund, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minor axes of, and the normals to, the polarization ellipses that surround singular lines of linear polarization in three dimensional optical ellipse fields are shown to be organized into Mobius strips and into structures we call rippled rings (r-rings). The Mobius strips have two full twists, and can be either right- or left-handed. The major axes of the surrounding ellipses generate cone-like structures. Three orthogonal projections that give rise to 15 indices are used to characterize the different structures. These indices, if independent, could generate 839,808 geometrically and topologically distinct lines; selection rules are presented that reduce the number of lines to 8,248, some 5,562 of which have been observed in a computer simulation. Statistical probabilities are presented for the most important index combinations in random fields. It is argued that it is presently feasible to perform experimental measurements of the Mobius strips, r-rings, and cones described here theoretically.
title: The Role of Agricultural Improvement in Economic Development
Creators: name: Hsu, Jy Huey
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: This thesis discusses the role of agriculture in the economic development of Taiwan. Chapters I and II present and discuss the indicators of economic growth in Taiwan, particularly in the post World War II era. Chapter ill analyses Taiwan's natural conditions and the part played by Japan prior to the great war. Chapters IV and V discuss agriculture and its role in Taiwan's march to development. Chapter VI talks about American aid that was provided and Chapter Vll presents the expectations and hopes for the future under the newest five year plan.
Euroopa Ravimiameti peadirektor: info kogumine ravimiohutuse kohta peaks toimuma kohalikul tasandil
Creators: name: Nahkur, Siim
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2012

description: Eesti Arst 2012; 91(11):580–581
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2012
Stability of the embedded string in the $SU(N)\times U(1)$ Higgs model and its application
Creators: name: Kanda, Yukihiro
name: Maekawa, Nobuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since it has been pointed out that physics beyond the Standard Model may be constrained by gravitational waves from cosmic strings, it has been more important to clarify in what cases cosmic strings are formed. We study the stability of the embedded string which is formed when $SU(N)\times U(1)_X$ gauge symmetries are broken to $SU(N-1)\times U(1)_Q$, and find that the stability condition can be determined by two mass ratios of the Higgs and massive gauge bosons, and does not explicitly depend on $N$. We also show that the result can be extended in supersymmetric models. In addition, we apply these results to several models and discuss the important feature of the Higgs to produce the embedded string. Although we find it difficult to be satisfied in normal realistic GUT models, it is possible if $SU(N)$ and $U(1)_X$ have different origins.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Network Structure, Self-Organization and the Growth of International Collaboration in Science
Creators: name: Wagner, Caroline S.
name: Leydesdorff, Loet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data from co-authorships at the international level in all fields of science in 1990 and 2000, and within six case studies at the sub-field level in 2000, different explanations for the growth of international collaboration in science and technology are explored. We find that few of the explanations within the literature can be supported by a detailed review of the data. To enable further exploration of the role of recognition and rewards as ordering mechanisms within the system, we apply new tools emerging from network science. These enquiries shows that the growth of international co-authorships can be attributed to self-organizing phenomenon based on preferential attachment (searching for recognition and reward) within networks of co-authors. The co-authorship links can be considered as a complex network with sub-dynamics involving features of both competition and cooperation. The analysis suggests that the growth of international collaboration is more likely to emerge from dynamics at the sub-field level operating in all fields of science, albeit under institutional constraints. Implications for the management of global scientific collaborations are explored.
Ising model on a $restricted$ scale-free network
Creators: name: Dumer, R. A.
name: Godoy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.6
subject: 82M31

description: The Ising model on a $restricted$ scale-free network (SFN) has been studied employing Monte Carlo simulations. This network is described by a power-law degree distribution in the form $P(k)~k^{-α}$, and is called restricted, because independently of the network size, we always have fixed the maximum $k_{m}$ and a minimum $k_{0}$ degree on distribution, being that for it, we only limit the minimum network size of the system. We calculated the thermodynamic quantities of the system, such as, the magnetization per spin $\textrm{m}_{\textrm{L}}$, the magnetic susceptibility $χ_{\textrm{L}}$, and the reduced fourth-order Binder cumulant $\textrm{U}_{\textrm{L}}$, as a function of temperature $T$ for several values of lattice size $N$ and exponent $1\leα\le5$. For the values of $α$, we have obtained the finite critical points due to we also have finite second and fourth moments in the degree distribution, and the phase diagram was constructed for the equilibrium states of the model in the plane $T$ versus $k_{0}$, $k_{m}$, and $α$, showing a transition between the ferromagnetic $F$ to paramagnetic $P$ phases. Using the finite-size scaling (FSS) theory, we also have obtained the critical exponents for the system, and a mean-field critical behavior is observed.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables
title: The Desert Bighorn Sheep of Southeastern Utah
Creators: name: Irvine, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: In April, 1967, this study was begun in a 211-square-mile area, in the rugged, arid, Red Canyon area in San Juan County, southeastern Utah. Sixteen months were spent in the field to determine the population trend, migration, distribution, and the affect of water on distribution of the bighorn sheep.
No migration was documented, but seasonal shifts did occur. The shifts were due to the availability of water in the free state and in plants. Dry periods forced sheep to remain close to seeps and springs.
Lambing peaked in May and was over by June. Lou lamb mortality and high numbers of yearlings indicated a growing population which is recovering from severe mortality during the uranium boom in the 1950's.
Sheep preferred browse but seasonal shifts occurred, grasses and forbs being preferred.
Plants analyzed for protein proved adequate for gravid and lactating domestic ewes, and this is believed adequate for wild sheep. However, plants were found to be deficient in phosphorus.
Parasites, disease and poisonous plants were not found to be limiting factors during the study.
A 50-50 sex ratio, expected in a wild, relatively unhunted population, was found during this study. Spermatogenesis to some degree was evident in all trophy rams examined taken during the hunt. No biological reason to remove rams could be ascertained.
Recommendations for management of the desert bighorn sheep in southeastern Utah include removing cattle from sheep ranges, water development and maintenance, continued ewe-lamb surveys, hunting of trophy animals, and studying all wild sheep populations in the state.
A study on osteoporosis: knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices including patterns of calcium ingestion in Caucasian and Asian women from southern and western Sydney
Creators: name: Yuk Lan Liew
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This cross sectional study has attempted to examine the knowledge, practices and attitudes to osteoporosis prevention in a total of 200 Asian and Caucasican women aged 35 to 70 years using a self-administered postal questionnaire. [...]
Additional file 3 of The Bdkrb2 gene family provides a novel view of viviparity adaptation in Sebastes schlegelii
Creators: name: Niu, Jingjing
name: Song, Weihao
name: Li, Rui
name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Guan, Jian
name: Qi, Jie
name: He, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Sequence similarity of Bdkrb2 genes in black rockfish.
SubDecorative Sequences
Creators: name: Hope, Cat
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Art

description: Audio Visual art Installation with related live performances
Sequences I-IV commissioned by Linden New Art Gallery, June 2019. Install led by Karl Ockelford.
Work Overview
This is a work that is unique to each location it is shown. It features graphic music notation fixed to the walls of a room, inspired and literally ‘drawn’ from the decorative aspects of the building it is shown in, accompanied by a subtle amplification of the resonant frequency of the space. Whilst it is a stand alone audio-visual work, it is designed to be performed via a series of live music events during the installation period. The title SubDecorative Sequences refers to musical information derived from the design and decoration of buildings, and coupled with these buildings resonant frequencies depicted as very low sine (sub) tones. It references the way decorative arts are thought of as a lesser art to altruistic aims of fine art, and how women’s art work has historically relegated to the side lines.
 This installation sounds the building, metaphorically and literally. The room is transformed into a musical score, redecorated with a sound prompt, providing a new sonic meaning. This score is underpinned by the sonic resonance of the room, an omnipresent phenomena amplified to audible levels during this installation. The structural qualities of the space have a unique pitch that is at the core of this work. This work is different on each iteration.
 I visit the space some time before and take recordings, photographs and rubbings of decorative features. The recordings provide the basis for subtle bass tones, and the visual material forms the basis of the music score, providing shapes, musical gestures and colour palette. The material leads to the formation of musical themes, to which I apply a range of music compositional approaches– transposition, inversion, retrograde, varying speeds and timbres – over several movements. The design of the score is tempered by practical elements of music making - the need for some instruments to breathe, for example.
 The final score is applied to the walls of the room using paint and decal. The bass tones are also scored, and continue beyond the ‘live’ performance parts to conclude at a large bass amplifier sounding the fundamental frequencies of the room. The amplifier can be dramatically lit in another room, where visitors can sit and listen to the meditative sound composition even when the score is not being performed. Live performances can feature a wide range of performance approaches, as these scores can be read well by any style of musician.
Performances at Linden1. Monash Animated Music Ensemble, Friday 28th June
2. Karina Utomo, Sage Pbbbbt and Judith Dodsworth 3.(voice), Saturday 20 June
Mary Doumany (harp), Saturday 10 August
Fungal toxicosis in the mink (Mustela vison)
Creators: name: McMillan, Kenneth Ronald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The spontaneous occurrence of a liver disease in mink (Mustela vison) prompted an investigation of the animal's environment in the search for a possible aetiological factor. The pathological findings suggested that the disease was diet-induced and possibly resulted from the presence of a toxic factor in the feed. A series of experiments were carried out to ascertain if the condition arose through the action of a transmissible infective agent or from an inadequate supply of some essential nutrient. No evidence was obtained in support of either of these possibilities. Since the pathology noted was suggestive of a hepatotoxic factor or factors and was unlike any of the described intoxications arising from bacterial metabolites, major attention was given to a study of the possible role of the fungi as causative agents. Some fungi, when given the necessary conditions of temperature, moisture and substrate, elaborate toxins that are poisonous to a large number of species. The possibility that a fungal toxin was the cause of the disease in mink was therefore investigated. A literature review covering the mycotoxicoses has been compiled. In order to test the susceptibility of the mink to fungal toxicosis, a model was set up in which mink were fed a ration containing a known fungal toxin, aflatoxin. The mink proved highly susceptible to this toxin. The pathology of aflatoxicosis in the mink has been documented. The fungal population of the mink ration and its cereal ingredients was examined for toxin-producing fungi. A series of toxicity assays were conducted to screen the large number of organisms isolated from mink rations. Toxigenic fungi were isolated from: wheat used in mink ration formulations. The role of cottonseed oil as an agent contributing to this liver condition has been investigated. It is suggested that cottonseed oil either contains a toxic component or contains a specific factor which can be used by a fungus in some phase of its metabolism, and that the by-product of this metabolic pathway may accumulate as a toxic compound.
title: A Survey of Awareness Programs Regarding Infant Hearing Loss
Creators: name: Bateman, Ronald Rao
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: Hearing conservation specialists are aware of the need for early identification and diagnosis of impaired hearing. This awareness of need has led to the development of several identification methods in the United States. Public awareness programs designed to inform laymen and professionals of the danger signals of infant hearing impairment currently are coming into focus, both as a separate entity and as part of total identification procedures.
Current public awareness programs regarding infant hearing loss were surveyed in the present study and recommendations on a model awareness program of this type were obtained. Fifty-one hearing conservation specialists participated in the survey. The data from questionnaire returns indicated existence of eighteen programs from among the total respondents. It also shoed strong support for dissemination of pertinent information of hearing loss to the professional and parent populations of the United States. The data further revealed that program direction and finance should primarily be through state health departments with federal governmental assistance.
On the Jones index values for conformal subnets
Creators: name: Carpi, Sebastiano
name: Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki
name: Longo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T05, 46L37, 81T40, 46L60

description: We consider the smallest values taken by the Jones index for an inclusion of local conformal nets of von Neumann algebras on S^1 and show that these values are quite more restricted than for an arbitrary inclusion of factors. Below 4, the only non-integer admissible value is 4\cos^2 π/10, which is known to be attained by a certain coset model. Then no index value is possible in the interval between 4 and 3 +\sqrt{3}. The proof of this result based on α-induction arguments. In the case of values below 4 we also give a second proof of the result. In the course of the latter proof we classify all possible unitary braiding symmetries on the A D E tensor categories, namely the ones associated with the even vertices of the A_n, D_{2n}, E_6, E_8 Dynkin diagrams.
description: 11 pages
Search for spin-dependent gravitational interactions at the Earth range
Creators: name: Zhang, Shaobo
name: Ba, Zengli
name: Ning, Denghui
name: Zhai, Nianfu
name: Lu, Zhengtian
name: Sheng, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the four fundamental forces, only gravity does not couple to particle spins according to the general theory of relativity. We test this principle by searching for an anomalous scalar coupling between the neutron spin and the Earth gravity on the ground. We develop an atomic gas comagnetometer to measure the ratio of nuclear spin-precession frequencies between $^{129}$Xe and $^{131}$Xe, and search for a change of this ratio to the precision of 10$^{-9}$ as the sensor is flipped in the Earth gravitational field. The null results of this search set an upper limit on the coupling energy between the neutron spin and the gravity on the ground at 5.3$\times$10$^{-22}$~eV (95\% confidence level), resulting in a 17-fold improvement over the previous limit. The results can also be used to constrain several other anomalous interactions. In particular, the limit on the coupling strength of axion-mediated monopole-dipole interactions at the range of the Earth radius is improved by a factor of 17.
description: Accepted by Physical Review Letters
Is the baryon asymmetry of the Universe related to galactic magnetic fields?
Creators: name: Semikoz, V. B.
name: Sokoloff, D. D.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tiny hypermagnetic field generated before the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) associated to the generation of elementary particle masses can polarize the early Universe hot plasma at huge redshifts z > 10^15. The anomalous violation of the right-handed electron current characteristic of the EWPT converts the lepton asymmetry into a baryon asymmetry. Under reasonable approximations, the magnetic field strength inferred by requiring such "leptogenic" origin for the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe matches the large-scale cosmological magnetic field strengths estimated from current astronomical observations.
description: latex file, 4 pages, 1 figure
A kernel-based least-squares collocation method for surface diffusion
Creators: name: Chen, Meng
name: Cheung, Ka Chun
name: Ling, Leevan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D15, 65N35, 65N40, 41A63

description: There are plenty of applications and analysis for time-independent elliptic partial differential equations in the literature hinting at the benefits of overtesting by using more collocation conditions than the number of basis functions. Overtesting not only reduces the problem size, but is also known to be necessary for stability and convergence of widely used unsymmetric Kansa-type strong-form collocation methods. We consider kernel-based meshfree methods, which is a method of lines with collocation and overtesting spatially, for solving parabolic partial differential equations on surfaces without parametrization. In this paper, we extend the time-independent convergence theories for overtesting techniques to the parabolic equations on smooth and closed surfaces.
description: 4 figures, 21 pages
Anisotropic Universe in $f(Q,T)$ gravity, a novel study
Creators: name: Loo, Tee-How
name: Koussour, M.
name: De, Avik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $f(Q,T)$ theory of gravity is very recently proposed to incorporate within the action Lagrangian, the trace $T$ of the energy-momentum tensor along with the non-metricity scalar $Q$. The cosmological application of this theory in a spatially flat isotropic and homogeneous Universe is well-studied. However, our Universe is not isotropic since the Planck era and therefore to study a complete evolution of the Universe we must investigate the $f(Q,T)$ theory in a model with a small anisotropy. This motivated us to presume a locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi-I spacetime and derive the motion equations. We analyse the model candidate $f(Q,T)=αQ^{n+1}+βT$, and to constrain the parameter $n$, we employ the statistical Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method with the Bayesian approach using two independent observational datasets, namely, the Hubble datasets, and Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) datasets.
description: AOP accepted version
title: Irrigation and Non-Irrigation Alternatives for Reducing Sugar Cane Transportation Costs in Santa Cruz, Bolivia
Creators: name: Bailey, Lee M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: The major objective of this study was to investigate various alternatives for lowering the cost of transporting sugar cane in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. These alternatives included both irrigation and non-irrigation possibilities. Production costs for sugar cane were determined by using studies completed by the USAID-Utah State University study team, budget studies of Senor Carlos Castro of the Guabira' sugar cane mill in Santa Cruz and a study undertaken by Senor Enrique Gomez, a graduate student at Utah State University.
A Cane registry commissioned by the National Sugar Cane Commission was used in conjunction with a least-cost transportation model in order to determine a least-cost distribution system for the transport of existing sugar cane production. This model was also used to investigate various alternative for reducing transportation costs to the producers.
Analysis of the least-cost transportation studies showed that over $61,000,000 could be saved in transportation costs of "zones of influence" were established for each of the existing mills. Other feasible alternatives were to close the San Aurelio mill and increase the capacity of La Belgica and Guabira' by 25 percent and the development of irrigation projects from rivers in the southern region capable of irrigating 2137 hectares of sugar cane.