cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neural Networks and Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Halverson, James
name: Maiti, Anindita
name: Stoner, Keegan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theoretical understanding of neural networks in terms of Wilsonian effective field theory. The correspondence relies on the fact that many asymptotic neural networks are drawn from Gaussian processes, the analog of non-interacting field theories. Moving away from the asymptotic limit yields a non-Gaussian process and corresponds to turning on particle interactions, allowing for the computation of correlation functions of neural network outputs with Feynman diagrams. Minimal non-Gaussian process likelihoods are determined by the most relevant non-Gaussian terms, according to the flow in their coefficients induced by the Wilsonian renormalization group. This yields a direct connection between overparameterization and simplicity of neural network likelihoods. Whether the coefficients are constants or functions may be understood in terms of GP limit symmetries, as expected from 't Hooft's technical naturalness. General theoretical calculations are matched to neural network experiments in the simplest class of models allowing the correspondence. Our formalism is valid for any of the many architectures that becomes a GP in an asymptotic limit, a property preserved under certain types of training.
description: v2: published in Machine Learning: Science and Technology. Additions include study of N-scaling, a correction for examples, and new experimental tests. 53 pages, 7 figures, and appendices
On Functions of Markov Random Fields
Creators: name: Geiger, Bernhard C.
name: Al-Bashabsheh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We derive two sufficient conditions for a function of a Markov random field (MRF) on a given graph to be a MRF on the same graph. The first condition is information-theoretic and parallels a recent information-theoretic characterization of lumpability of Markov chains. The second condition, which is easier to check, is based on the potential functions of the corresponding Gibbs field. We illustrate our sufficient conditions at the hand of several examples and discuss implications for practical applications of MRFs. As a side result, we give a partial characterization of functions of MRFs that are information-preserving.
description: 7 pages, submitted to IEEE Information Theory Workshop
title: Optimal contour choice for option pricing by Fourier transform
Creators: name: Peterseil, Andreas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fouriertransformation
subject: Heston-Modell
subject: Optionspreise
subject: Stochastische Differentialgleichungen
subject: Fourier transform
subject: Heston model
subject: option pricing
subject: stochastic differential equation

description: Diese Arbeit behandelt die von Lord und Kahl vorgeschlagene Wahl des Integrationsweges in der Optionspreisdarstellung von Carr und Madan. Insbesondere zeigen wir, dass diese Wahl den maximalen Betrag des entsprechenden Integranden minimiert. Außerdem stellt sich heraus, dass das Optimierungsproblem, welches die vorgeschlagene Wahl definiert, immer eine Lösung hat. Die hergeleiteten Ergebnisse werden dann im Heston-Modell angewendet. Hierfür wird auch die benötigte momenterzeugende Funktion im Heston-Modell hergeleitet. Solange letzteres sauber durchgeführt wird, können keine Bedenken bezüglich der stetigen Abhängigkeit des Ergebnisses entstehen. Nachdem wir auch die kritische Zeit und deren Verbindung zu den kritischen Momenten im Heston-Modell diskutieren widmen wir uns der Implementierung. Im Zuge dessen präsentieren wir Resultate für das asymptotische Verhalten der momenterzeugenden Funktion im Heston-Modell, wenn der Imaginärteil des Arguments groß wird. Dies führt dann zu zwei Formeln für den Kaufoptionspreis im Heston-Modell. Einerseits kann dies verwendet werden um mit Hilfe von Gauss-Laguerre Quadratur den Optionspreis zu berechnen. Andererseits wird auch eine Darstellung des Kaufoptionspreises als Integral einer stetigen Funktion auf dem kompakten Intervall [0,1] präsentiert. Für die Implementierung verwenden wir die Software R.
description: This thesis studies the contour choice suggested by Lord and Kahl for the computation of an option price by means of the Carr-Madan representation. In particular, we show that this choice is optimal in the sense that it minimizes the maximal modulus of the integrand associated with the Carr-Madan representation. Furthermore, we prove that the optimization problem characterizing this choice always has a solution. The established results are then applied in the Heston model. For that purpose we also provide a full derivation of the Heston moment generating function. It turns out that once this is done properly there cannot be any worries about discontinuities appearing in the result. Moreover, we derive the critical time in the Heston model and present its connection to the critical moments in detail. Finally, we derive the asymptotic behavoir of the Heston moment generating function when the imaginary part of the argument becomes large. This leads to two formulas for the Heston call price. The first one allows for an easy computation by means of Gauss-Laguerre quadrature and the second contains only an integral of a continuous function on [0,1]. Using the programming language R we illustrate the derived results.
Bank- and market-oriented financial systems: fact or fiction?
Creators: name: SCHOLTENS, B.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economic development, Bank finance, Market finance
subject: G00

description: Many distinguish between financial systems with a dominant role for banks and those with a dominant role for financial markets, assuming this is of great importance for economic development. The author analyses why the distinction might matter, first by investigating how bank and market finance affect economic development. A framework to analyse the financial system is then developed. Finally, a comparative analysis of two so-called bank-oriented countries (Germany and Japan) and two so-called market-oriented countries (the UK and the US) is performed to reveal whether or not there are fundamental differences between their financial systems. The evidence does not support the idea of a distinction between bank- and market-based financial systems, with all four countries showing unique characteristics. JEL Codes: G00
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 202 (1997)
Die Bedeutung der Resilienz und die Wirksamkeit der Traumapädagogik bei der Integration von Flüchtlingskindern ins Schweizer Schulsystem
Creators: name: Lüscher, Susanne
name: Schnetzer, Janina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Trauma
Flüchtlingskind
Schulische Integration
Masterarbeit

description: In den Schweizer Regelklassen werden Kinder mit Fluchterfahrungen integriert. Sie profitieren in der Schule von Lehrkräften, welche traumasensibel arbeiten und sich der Bedeutung von Resilienz bewusst sind. Diese Entwicklungsarbeit basiert auf einer Umfrage zum Wissensstand und den Wünschen von Lehrkräften der Kindergarten- bis Sekundarstufe. In dieser zeigt sich unter anderem, dass viele Lehrkräfte wenig Fachstellen kennen sowie ihr theoretisches Wissen eher tief einschätzen und sich Verlinkungen zu Fachstellen oder auch konkretes Unterrichtsmaterial wünschen. Aufgrund dieses nachgewiesenen Entwicklungsbedarfs entsteht eine Informations-Website zu den Themenbereichen ‘Flucht, Trauma und Resilienz’. Zur Validierung der Website werden Expertinnen und Experten sowie eine Gruppe von Lehrpersonen interviewt und die Aussagen mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.
Utilizing Model Residuals to Identify Rental Properties of Interest: The Price Anomaly Score (PAS) and Its Application to Real-time Data in Manhattan
Creators: name: Sultan, Youssef
name: Rafter, Jackson C.
name: Nguyen, Huyen T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding whether a property is priced fairly hinders buyers and sellers since they usually do not have an objective viewpoint of the price distribution for the overall market of their interest. Drawing from data collected of all possible available properties for rent in Manhattan as of September 2023, this paper aims to strengthen our understanding of model residuals; specifically on machine learning models which generalize for a majority of the distribution of a well-proportioned dataset. Most models generally perceive deviations from predicted values as mere inaccuracies, however this paper proposes a different vantage point: when generalizing to at least 75\% of the data-set, the remaining deviations reveal significant insights. To harness these insights, we introduce the Price Anomaly Score (PAS), a metric capable of capturing boundaries between irregularly predicted prices. By combining relative pricing discrepancies with statistical significance, the Price Anomaly Score (PAS) offers a multifaceted view of rental valuations. This metric allows experts to identify overpriced or underpriced properties within a dataset by aggregating PAS values, then fine-tuning upper and lower boundaries to any threshold to set indicators of choice.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, dataset is available with DOI
Additional file 2 of Integrated nomogram based on five stage-related genes and TNM stage to predict 1-year recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Haohan Liu
name: Yongcong Yan
name: Ruibing Chen
name: Mengdi Zhu
name: Jianhong Lin
name: Chuanchao He
name: Bingchao Shi
name: Wen, Kai
name: Mao, Kai
name: Zhiyu Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. GSEA plot of the high-risk group versus the low-risk group. a–d Cell cycle (a), mismatch repair (b), oocyte meiosis (c) and homologous recombination (d) KEGG pathway. ES and FDR were also shown.
Government deficit, ex post real long-term interest rates and causality
Creators: name: CEBULA, R.J.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Budget deficit, interest rates, economic growth
subject: H6, E43

description: A number of empirical studies have investigated the impact of the federal Government budget deficit on interest rates in the US with most of them concluding that it is positive and significant on long-term interest rates. Both the IS/LM and the loanable funds frameworks through which this relationship is usually couched imply that causality flows from increased deficits to interest rates. The present work argues that the direction of causality may well be the reverse, that is real long-term interest rates may cause the budget deficit. The author offers two reasons to support this hypothesis. First, much or the Government’s debt is financed or refinanced in just a few short years. Second, according to conventional macroeconomic theory, a rise in the real interest rate should lead to a fall in real economic growth. A multivariate causality test is employed to determine the direction of causality among the real long-term interest rate, the unemployment rate and the structural deficit. JEL Codes: H6, E43
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 202 (1997)
Kindern mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störung eine Geschichte erzählen Ein Ideenkatalog zur Vermittlung und Vertiefung eines Bilderbuchs für Kinder mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störung
Creators: name: Grieder Maurer, Miriam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Autismus
Kind
Masterarbeit

description: Kinder mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen (ASS) zeigen in verschiedenen Wahrnehmungsbereichen Besonderheiten, die eine Teilhabe am Geschichtenerzählen erschweren. In dieser Masterarbeit werden methodische und didaktische Ideen erarbeitet, die das Geschichtenerzählen für Kinder mit ASS erleichtern. Der Praxisprozess wurde mittels Beobachtungsverfahren, Forschungstagebuch, Aufnahmen und Videomaterial analysiert und evaluiert. Die im Unterricht bewährten Ansätze sind in einem Ideenkatalog festgehalten und sollen Lehrpersonen, Heilpädagogen, Heilpädagoginnen, Eltern und weitere an der Förderung beteiligte Personen dazu animieren, Kindern mit ASS trotz Schwierigkeiten Geschichten zu erzählen.
Caregiver Talk Shapes Toddler Vision: A Computational Study of Dyadic Play
Creators: name: Schaumlöffel, Timothy
name: Aubret, Arthur
name: Roig, Gemma
name: Triesch, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Infants' ability to recognize and categorize objects develops gradually. The second year of life is marked by both the emergence of more semantic visual representations and a better understanding of word meaning. This suggests that language input may play an important role in shaping visual representations. However, even in suitable contexts for word learning like dyadic play sessions, caregivers utterances are sparse and ambiguous, often referring to objects that are different from the one to which the child attends. Here, we systematically investigate to what extent caregivers' utterances can nevertheless enhance visual representations. For this we propose a computational model of visual representation learning during dyadic play. We introduce a synthetic dataset of ego-centric images perceived by a toddler-agent that moves and rotates toy objects in different parts of its home environment while hearing caregivers' utterances, modeled as captions. We propose to model toddlers' learning as simultaneously aligning representations for 1) close-in-time images and 2) co-occurring images and utterances. We show that utterances with statistics matching those of real caregivers give rise to representations supporting improved category recognition. Our analysis reveals that a small decrease/increase in object-relevant naming frequencies can drastically impact the learned representations. This affects the attention on object names within an utterance, which is required for efficient visuo-linguistic alignment. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that caregivers' naming utterances can improve toddlers' visual representations.
description: Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL)
Additional file 1 of Development of a clinical decision tool to reduce diagnostic testing for primary aldosteronism in patients with difficult-to-control hypertension
Creators: name: Kleef, Monique E. A. M. Van
name: Visseren, Frank L. J.
name: Westerink, Jan
name: Bots, Michiel L.
name: Blankestijn, Peter J.
name: Graaf, Yolanda Van Der
name: Spiering, Wilko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Non-imputed patient characteristics summarized for the patients included in and excluded from this study.
Differentially Expressed Genes In Recurrent Classical Hodgkin  Lymphoma And Exploring The Potential For Repurposed Drugs
Creators: name: Nazir, Ahad Ali
name: Shirdel, Madina
name: Khan, Faisal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Lymphoma is a general term for cancer that starts in the lymph system (Mugnaini EN et al., 2016). There are two categories of lymphoma (Radiol Am et al., 2008): Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) recognizes two major categories of Hodgkin lymphoma (Matasar et al., 2008): 1) classic Hodgkin lymphoma (95%) and 2) nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (5%). Although its general prognosis is favorable, 10%–30% of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) will ultimately develop relapsed or refractory disease (Ansell SM et al., 2015). A stem cell transplant complemented with high-dose chemotherapy is the main treatment used for relapsed cHL (Potre O et al., 2021).
Non-Oscillatory No-Scale Inflation
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Verner, Sarunas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a non-oscillatory no-scale supergravity model of inflation (NO-NO inflation) in which the inflaton does not oscillate at the end of the inflationary era. Instead, the Universe is then dominated by the inflaton kinetic energy density (kination). During the transition from inflation to kination, the Universe preheats instantly through a coupling to Higgs-like fields. These rapidly annihilate and scatter into ultra-relativistic matter particles, which subsequently dominate the energy density, and reheating occurs at a temperature far above that of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. After the electroweak transition, the inflaton enters a tracking phase as in some models of quintessential inflation. The model predictions for cosmic microwave background observables are consistent with Planck 2018 data, and the density of gravitational waves is below the upper bound from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We also find that the density of supersymmetric cold dark matter produced by gravitino decay is consistent with Planck 2018 data over the expected range of supersymmetric particle masses.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
Additional file 1 of Integrated nomogram based on five stage-related genes and TNM stage to predict 1-year recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Haohan Liu
name: Yongcong Yan
name: Ruibing Chen
name: Mengdi Zhu
name: Jianhong Lin
name: Chuanchao He
name: Bingchao Shi
name: Wen, Kai
name: Mao, Kai
name: Zhiyu Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. DEGs list. Table S2. Univariate Cox analysis of recurrence at 1 year in the TCGA LIHC dataset. Table S3. Points assignment of nomogram factors.
Vergleich der Aussagekraft diagnostischer Instrumente zur Schulfähigkeit aus heilpädagogischer Sicht
Creators: name: Knobel, Heidi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Schulreife
Diagnostik
Masterarbeit

description: In dieser Arbeit werden drei aktuelle Verfahren zur Schuleingangsdiagnostik vorgestellt: die Diagnostischen Einschätzskalen (DES), die Horgener Aufgaben (HA-R) und das Dortmunder Entwicklungsscreening (DESK 3-6 R). Die Eignung dieser Verfahren zur Erfassung des individuellen Entwicklungsstandes von Vorschulkindern wird analysiert. Dargestellt werden ausserdem die Möglichkeiten der Instrumente, besonderen Förderbedarf zu erkennen. Die ausgewählten diagnostischen Screenings werden mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse erfasst und vergleichend dargestellt. Das dafür genutzte Kategoriensystem ist deduktiv aus dem Schulischen Standortgespräch abgeleitet. In der Darstellung der Ergebnisse werden die ausgewählten Verfahren theoriebezogen verglichen. Es stellt sich heraus, dass sie die für die Schulfähigkeit relevanten Entwicklungsbereiche mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunktsetzungen erfassen.
The measurement of ‘fiscal burden’ on GDP instead than on national net value added produced: a chapter in fiscal illusion
Creators: name: FORTE, F.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: GDP, National Net Value Added Produced, Tax burden, Public economy
subject: H20, H21

description: The work calls attention to a major macroeconomic fiscal illusion: that arising from the current official practice of expressing the main fiscal indicators, and particularly the tax burden, as a percentage of GDP rather than NDPF (Net Domestic Product at Factor Costs). This methodology causes a systematic undervaluation of the tax burden, by something between 25% (Sweden and Austria) and 15% (Switzerland). Correctly measured, the tax burden in most European countries is above 50% and in the Nordic countries above 65%, or close to it! Thus, tax payers are deceived about the true cost and size of the public economy. GDP’s origin and widespread adoption is examined as well as the development of the notion of national income adopted to assess the tax burden. JEL Codes: H20, H21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 202 (1997)
Critical Analysis of 5G Networks Traffic Intrusion using PCA, t-SNE and UMAP Visualization and Classifying Attacks
Creators: name: Ghani, Humera
name: Salekzamankhani, Shahram
name: Virdee, Bal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Networks, threat models, and malicious actors are advancing quickly. With the increased deployment of the 5G networks, the security issues of the attached 5G physical devices have also increased. Therefore, artificial intelligence based autonomous end-to-end security design is needed that can deal with incoming threats by detecting network traffic anomalies. To address this requirement, in this research, we used a recently published 5G traffic dataset, 5G-NIDD, to detect network traffic anomalies using machine and deep learning approaches. First, we analyzed the dataset using three visualization techniques: t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Second, we reduced the data dimensionality using mutual information and PCA techniques. Third, we solve the class imbalance issue by inserting synthetic records of minority classes. Last, we performed classification using six different classifiers and presented the evaluation metrics. We received the best results when K-Nearest Neighbors classifier was used: accuracy (97.2%), detection rate (96.7%), and false positive rate (2.2%).
The impact of the bank-firm relations on the propagation of monetary policy squeezes: an empirical assessment for Italy
Creators: name: CONIGLIANI, C.
name: FERRI, G.
name: GENERALE, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Bank-firm relations, Italian credit market, interest rates
subject: G21

description: The work analyses the bank-firm relationship in Italy, in order to verify its impact on the behaviour of banks towards customers and the effects on the transmission of monetary policy impulses. The authors single out a sub-group of borrowers whose dependence upon banks seems to be particularly close and examine banks’ behaviour towards this subgroup vis-a-vis other groups of firms. The analysis differs from previous empirical research in that a wider sample of non-financial firms is used, a stability index is employed among the explanatory variables, and the importance of customer relationships is tested with reference to the response of interest rates applied by banks during Italy’s sever episode of monetary restriction in 1992. Specifically, the work looks at the relation between the closeness of bank-firm relations and the probability of being rationed, the multiple borrowing of firms and the possibility that the recent consolidation of the banking system is bound to determine a strengthening in customer relationships. JEL Codes: G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 202 (1997)
Whither now?
Creators: name: GOODHART, C.A.E.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Market fluctuations, Economic news, Volatility, Foreign exchange markets
subject: E02, F31

description: The author is one of the UK's eminent monetary economists and a member of the UK's Monetary Policy Committee. After summarising his early academic career, he discusses his time at the Bank of England and the formation of UK monetary policy. This leads on to a survey of his later experiences in returning to academia and his analysis of foreign exchange markets and central bank autonomy. The movements of foreign exchange markets have been thought to react upon the arrival of news concerning changes in monetary policy. However, close examination of the US forex market does not show any significant fluctuations in reaction to particular news disclosures. Economic news with pre-announced release dates have been proven to produce jumps in volatility within minutes of disclosure. The use of high frequency data at given intervals has been shown to produce price spikes and subsidence after a few minutes. JEL Codes: E02, F31
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 203 (1997)
Effects of Grain Boundaries and Surfaces on Electronic and Mechanical Properties of Solid Electrolytes
Creators: name: Xie, Weihang
name: Deng, Zeyu
name: Liu, Zhengyu
name: Famprikis, Theodosios
name: Butler, Keith T.
name: Canepa, Pieremanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended defects, including exposed surfaces and grain boundaries, are critical to the properties of polycrystalline solid electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). These defects can significantly alter the mechanical and electronic properties of solid electrolytes, with direct manifestations on the performance of ASSBs. Here, by building a library of 590 surfaces and grain boundaries of 11 relevant solid electrolytes $-$including halides, oxides, and sulfides$-$ their electronic, mechanical, and thermodynamic characteristics are linked to the functional properties of polycrystalline solid electrolytes. It is found that the energy required to mechanically ``separate'' grain boundaries can be significantly lower than in the bulk region of materials, which can trigger preferential cracking of solid electrolyte particles in the grain boundary regions. The brittleness of ceramic solid electrolytes, inferred from the predicted low fracture toughnesses at the grain boundaries, contributes to their cracking under local pressure imparted by Lithium or Sodium penetration in the grain boundaries. Extended defects of solid electrolytes introduce new electronic ``interfacial'' states within bandgaps of solid electrolytes. These interfacial states alter and possibly increase locally the availability of free electrons and holes in solid electrolytes. Factoring effects arising from extended defects appear crucial to explain electrochemical and $-$mechanical observations in ASSBs.
Convergence of electric quadrupole rotational invariants from the nuclear shell model
Creators: name: Henderson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclei exhibit both single-particle and collective degrees of freedom, with the latter often subdivided into vibrational and rotational motions. Experimentally identifying the relative roles of these collective modes is extremely challenging, particularly in the face of possible shape coexistence. Model-independent, invariant quantities describing the deformation of a nucleus in the intrinsic frame have long been known but their determination potentially requires a large quantity of experimental data to achieve convergence. Through comparison with the nuclear shell model, the question of convergence will be addressed. Shell-model calculations performed in the $sd$- and $pf$-shell model spaces are used to determine electric-quadrupole matrix elements for a multitude of low-lying states. Relative contributions to the rotationally invariant quantities from multiple states can therefore be determined. It is found that on average, the inclusion of four intermediate states results in the leading-order invariant, $\left$, converging to within 10% of its true value and the triaxiality term, $\left$, converging to its true value, though some variance remains. Higher-order quantities relating to the softness of the nuclear shape are found to converge more slowly. The convergence of quadrupole rotationally invariant sum rules was quantified in the $sd$- and $pf$-shell model spaces and indicates the challenge inherent in a full determination of nuclear shape. The present study is limited to relatively small valence spaces. Larger spaces, such as the rare-earth region, potentially offer faster convergence.
description: Submitted to Physical Review C
Data Silos A Roadblock for AIOps
Creators: name: Kumar, Subhadip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using artificial intelligence to manage IT operations, also known as AIOps, is a trend that has attracted a lot of interest and anticipation in recent years. The challenge in IT operations is to run steady-state operations without disruption as well as support agility" can be rephrased as "IT operations face the challenge of maintaining steady-state operations while also supporting agility [11]. AIOps assists in bridging the gap between the demand for IT operations and the ability of humans to meet that demand. However, it is not easy to apply AIOps in current organizational settings. Data Centralization is a major obstacle for adopting AIOps, according to a recent survey by Cisco [1]. The survey, which involved 8,161 senior business leaders from organizations with more than 500 employees, found that 81% of them acknowledged that their data was scattered across different silos within their organizations. This paper illustrates the topic of data silos, their causes, consequences, and solutions.
The nature and functioning of European capitalism: a historical and comparative perspective
Creators: name: MADDISON, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: European capitalism, capitalist performance, European economic history
subject: O11, P1

description: The work provides quantitative inter-temporal and international perspectives for assessing performance in 16 European capitalist countries, and examines the forces which have shaped their development. From a historical perspective, the author looks back over the five main phases of the modern capitalist era since 1820, and contrasts their experience with that of the United States and Eastern Europe. Some distinctive features of European capitalism which have influenced its performance are outlined. Changes in Western policy and performance form 1820 to 1973 are then dealt with before the latest phase of development from 1973 to 1996 is analysed in detail. Finally, recent developments in Eastern Europe are assessed and some conclusions regarding the major policy problems facing capitalist countries are reached. JEL Codes: O11, P1
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 203 (1997)
Geometry of faithful entanglement
Creators: name: Gühne, Otfried
name: Mao, Yuanyuan
name: Yu, Xiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A typical concept in quantum state analysis is based on the idea that states in the vicinity of some pure entangled state share the same properties; implying that states with a high fidelity must be entangled. States whose entanglement can be detected in this way are also called faithful. We prove a structural result on the corresponding fidelity-based entanglement witnesses, resulting in a simple condition for faithfulness of a two-party state. For the simplest case of two qubits faithfulness can directly be decided and for higher dimensions accurate analytical criteria are given. Finally, our results show that faithful entanglement is, in a certain sense, useful entanglement; moreover, they establish connections to computational complexity and simplify several results in entanglement theory.
description: 8 pages, no figures. v2: extended and final version
Money, prices and the transition to EMU
Creators: name: GROENEVELD, J.M.
name: KOEDIJK, K.G.
name: KOOL, C.J.M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economic and Monetary Union, Monetary policy, Inflation
subject: F02, F36, F33

description: The third stage of the Economic and Monetary Union will start on January 1st, 1999, at which point the currencies of the participating countries will be irrevocably fixed as the prelude to the introduction of the euro by 2002. Although the European System of Central Banks’ objective is clearly defined in its statute as achieving and maintaining price stability, the strategic and tactical question of how to formulate and execute the future common monetary policy is left open. This work contributes to the current discussions on this topic by investigating whether monetary aggregates can play a useful role in the monetary policy decision process in the second or third stage of the EMU. To do this the authors employ an extended open-economy version of the standard P*-model developed by Hallman, Porter and Small (1989 and 1991) to examine to what extent inflation behaviour in five founding members of the ERM can be ascribed to either domestic or European monetary conditions from 1973 to 1994. JEL Codes: F02, F36, F33
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 203 (1997)
Schülerfirmen fördern Motivation und viele Basiskompetenzen Ein inklusives Projekt in der Schnittstelle Schule – Berufslehre
Creators: name: Hengartner, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Motivation
Schule
Berufsausbildung
Masterarbeit

description: Im Rahmen der Masterarbeit wurde geforscht, inwiefern das Projekt einer Schülerfirma 15 Sekundarschüler zur Berufsvorbereitung und Stärkung der überfachlichen Basiskompetenzen fördert. Die Gründungsphase des Projekts wurde während 17 Wochen im Sinn der Aktionsforschung erfasst. Die Evaluation der Beobach-tungen, der Kraftfeld- und der ICF-Analysen hat folgendes gezeigt: Das Projekt hatte sehr positive Wirkun-gen auf die Leistungsmotivation. Zudem waren vielfältige Steigerungen in den überfachlichen Kompetenzen zu beobachten. Insbesondere die hohe Bedeutsamkeit und der inklusive Charakter des Projekts liess die Jugendlichen mit grossem Eifer arbeiten. Im Projekt liessen sich auch viele weitere schulische Inhalte im-plementieren. Wichtig erwiesen sich zudem eine gute Diagnosefähigkeit der Lehrpersonen, eine hohe Struk-turierung, viele Hilfestellungen und eine hohe Betreuungsdichte.
The EMU debt criterion: an interpretation
Creators: name: BERNDSEN, R.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economic and Monetary Union, Government debt criterion, Maastricht Treaty
subject: F02, F33, F36

description: The convergence criteria specified in the Maastricht Treaty on government deficit and debt, inflation, the exchange rate and the long-term interest rate will play an important, if not decisive, role in determining which countries move on to the third stage of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). The aim of this work is to provide a possible interpretation of the EMU debt criterion. The author investigates the government debt criterion which, as Article 104c(2b) of the Treaty shows, has a considerable scope for interpretation. Although this subject has been discussed extensively, relatively little work has been done to develop a clear interpretation of the EMU debt criterion. A flexible approach is adopted in which parts of the relevant Treaty text are characterised using two parameters. JEL Codes: F02, F33, F36
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 50, N. 203 (1997)
Power-Duality in Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Inomata, Akira
name: Junker, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power duality in Feynman's path integral formulation of quantum mechanics is investigated. The power duality transformation consists of a change in coordinate and time variables, an exchange of energy and coupling, and a classical angular momentum replacement. Two physical systems connected by the transformation form a power-dual pair. The propagator (Feynman's kernel) expressed by Feynman's path integral cannot be form-invariant under the transformation, whereas the promotor constructed by modifying Feynman's path integral is found form-invariant insofar as the angular momentum is classical. Upon angular quantization, the power duality breaks down. To save the notion of power duality, the idea of quasi power duality is proposed, which constitutes of an ad hoc angular momentum replacement. The power-dual invariant promotor leads to the quasi-dual invariant Green function. A formula is proposed, which determines the Green function for one of a dual pair by knowing the Green function for the other. As examples, the Coulomb-Hooke dual pair and a family of two-term confinement potentials for a zero-energy state are discussed.
Price stability and balanced public accounts as a condition for sustainable development
Creators: name: CIAMPI, C.A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Sustainable development, European integration, Italy
subject: E65, E63, F15

description: The article illustrates Italy's economic recovery as part of a process of renewal involving the institutions, every area of the economy and Italian society as a whole. After the turning point in 1992, a general consensus emerged that European integration was necessary and fully consistent with the national interest. In this context, the three components of economic policy - budgetary policy, incomes policy, monetary policy - are working in tandem, ensuring stability, the essential condition from any lasting and sustainable growth. Thus inflation has now been beaten; the balance of payments on current account has recorded increasing and substantial surpluses, and there has been a huge reduction in the budget deficit, with a large primary surplus. The sustainability of these results is ensured by the implementation of structural reforms: tax reform, reform of central government budget, reform of the civil service, pensions reform and reform of Italy’s commercial system. JEL Codes: E65, E63, F15
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 51, N. 204 (1998)
The effect of wall slip on the dewetting of ultrathin films on solid substrates: Linear instability and second-order lubrication theory
Creators: name: Martínez-Calvo, A.
name: Moreno-Boza, D.
name: Sevilla, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of wall slip on the instability of a non-wetting liquid film placed on a solid substrate is analyzed in the limit of negligible inertia. In particular, we focus on the stability properties of the film, comparing the performance of the three lubrication models available in the literature, namely the weak, intermediate and strong slip models, with the Stokes equations. Since none of the aforementioned leading-order lubrication models is shown to be able to predict the growth rate of perturbations for the whole range of slipping lengths, we develop a parabolic model able to accurately predict the linear dynamics of the film for arbitrary slip lengths.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
title: Design and testing of a concentrator wind turbine
Creators: name: Olivieri, David
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1991

description: Wind energy, being an indirect form of solar energy would initially seem a very promising form of energy. Unfortunately, it suffers from the problem of dilution. Wind turbine designers naturally try to compensate for this by increasing the size of the rotor to capture more of the kinetic energy of the wind. A major constraint in conventional wind turbine design is the reduction in rotational speed as the size of the rotor is increased. This means expensive gear boxes are unavoidable. The rotor also becomes considerably more complicated in design and heavier as the size increases, to mitigate working stresses.

Flow concentrators have been investigated in an attempt to alleviate wind turbine design problems, but flow concentrators usually incur the expense of high structural weight and size. The Helical Vortex Wind Concentrator (HVWC) is a recent addition to the list of flow concentrator types and its economic potential is, as yet unknown.

The principle of the HVWC has been demonstrated in a series of wind tunnel tests. The wind tunnel tests involved a direct comparison between the performance of a wind turbine with and without an HVWC attached.During these tests a definite increase in power out was observed when the concentrator was attached to the wind turbine. Previous to these successful wind tunnel tests, other wind tunnel and field tests had been conducted on less successful designs. These other tests were important in the development of the current theory and design or the HVWC. Future research will need to investigate both physical and economic limitations of this type of wind concentrator.
TRIAD: Automated Traceability Recovery based on Biterm-enhanced Deduction of Transitive Links among Artifacts
Creators: name: Gao, Hui
name: Kuang, Hongyu
name: Assunção, Wesley K. G.
name: Mayr-Dorn, Christoph
name: Rong, Guoping
name: Zhang, He
name: Ma, Xiaoxing
name: Egyed, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traceability allows stakeholders to extract and comprehend the trace links among software artifacts introduced across the software life cycle, to provide significant support for software engineering tasks. Despite its proven benefits, software traceability is challenging to recover and maintain manually. Hence, plenty of approaches for automated traceability have been proposed. Most rely on textual similarities among software artifacts, such as those based on Information Retrieval (IR). However, artifacts in different abstraction levels usually have different textual descriptions, which can greatly hinder the performance of IR-based approaches (e.g., a requirement in natural language may have a small textual similarity to a Java class). In this work, we leverage the consensual biterms and transitive relationships (i.e., inner- and outer-transitive links) based on intermediate artifacts to improve IR-based traceability recovery. We first extract and filter biterms from all source, intermediate, and target artifacts. We then use the consensual biterms from the intermediate artifacts to extend the biterms of both source and target artifacts, and finally deduce outer and inner-transitive links to adjust text similarities between source and target artifacts. We conducted a comprehensive empirical evaluation based on five systems widely used in other literature to show that our approach can outperform four state-of-the-art approaches, and how its performance is affected by different conditions of source, intermediate, and target artifacts. The results indicate that our approach can outperform baseline approaches in AP over 15% and MAP over 10% on average.
description: Accepted by the 46th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2024)
European Union at the end of 1997: who is within the public finance “sustainability” zone?
Creators: name: PASINETTI, L.L.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public Finance Activities, National Government Finance, Economic aspects, Finance, Public finance, European Union, Sustainable development
subject: G10, F15, E02

description: The Maastricht Treaty of 1992 contains regulations on the eligibility of European Union (EU) member countries to join the single currency. 'Sustainability' of a country's public finance position is one of the four criteria for membership of the single currency. One major finding is the extremely important role to be played by the policies aimed at regulating the level of the medium- and long-term rates of interest within a framework of financial and fiscal stability. Belgium and Italy, which have higher debt/GDP ratios, may achieve convergence sooner through privatisation of public debt enterprises. JEL Codes: G10, F15, E02
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 51, N. 204 (1998)
Inflation, distortionary taxation and the design of monetary policy: the role of social cohesion
Creators: name: PRAST H., H.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public Finance Activities, Fiscal Policy, Models, Economic aspects, Inflation, Monetary policy
subject: E52, G28

description: The relationship between central banks and inflation is considered in order to disprove existing studies which state that distortions and inflationary bias occur in the real world. While much attention has been given to the issue in existing studies, no attempt has been made to examine effects of any third factors. Results reveal that inflation is significantly affected by distortionary taxation and that social cohesion leads to price stability in the post Bretton Woods period. JEL Codes: E52, G28
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 51, N. 204 (1998)
An empirical analysis of Singapore’s monetary and exchange rate policies in the 1990s
Creators: name: MAYSAMI, R.C.
name: SOH, C.S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Public Finance Activities, Fiscal Policy, Currency Stabilisation Programs, Economic aspects, Asia, Currency stabilisation, Singapore Monetary Authority
subject: E02, E52

description: The economy of Singapore has remained relatively unscathed from the Asian currency crisis of 1997 and 1998 which has severely crippled the markets of Hong Kong, Indonesia, and Malaysia. The Monetary Authority of Singapore, which has overseen the country's financial development since the 1960s, has maintained sound monetary policy which has saved the economy from ruin. The government, unlike those of other countries, has also regulated real estate loans and land development and has strengthened its basic services of telecommunications and transport. The present work seeks to re-examine the conflict between monetary stability and exchange rate objectives. The authors seek to find out which policy goal the Monetary Authority of Singapore has been and should be more interested in. JEL Codes: E02, E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 51, N. 204 (1998)