cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Análise da variabilidade espacial do crescimento e produtividade da cultura de tomate de indústria através de Agricultura de Precisão, em Vila Franca de Xira
Creators: name: Braga, Ricardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70103 Agricultural Production Systems Simulation
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70104 Agricultural Spatial Analysis and Modelling
subject: 70105 Agricultural Systems Analysis and Modelling

description: Atualmente, com o aumento da população e com a importância do meio ambiente e das alterações climáticas, é imperativo produzir mais alimentos, promovendo a intensificação sustentável da agricultura. Um dos pilares desta intensificação é a Agricultura de Precisão (AP). A AP baseia-se no tratamento de recursos e fatores de produção de forma diferenciada no tempo e no espaço.Nos últimos anos, o número de produtores de tomate de indústria tem diminuído, aumentando a área por cada proprietário. Assim, para uma melhor gestão é importante compreender-se a variabilidade espacial das culturas.Assim, neste trabalho pretende-se avaliar a variabilidade espacial do crescimento e da produtividade, em duas parcelas de tomate de indústria; verificar a influência da rega na variabilidade; e testar a capacidade do NDVI para descrever a variabilidade e para prever o desempenho da cultura. Resumidamente, para dar resposta aos objetivos propostos utilizaram-se variáveis do crescimento e do desempenho produtivo e qualitativo da cultura. Estas foram relacionadas com os valores apresentados pelo NDVI ao longo da campanha de 2019. Entre as variáveis observadas, as que apresentaram diferenças significativas (α =0,05) entre diferentes zonas das duas parcelas foram: 1) número de cachos, 2) número de frutos; 3) percentagem de frutos de qualidade superior; entre outros. Verificou-se a existência de influência da rega na variabilidade espacial. Obtiveram-se também correlações entre o NDVI e o débito dos gotejadores, indicando que quanto maior o débito num ponto, maior o NDVI nesse mesmo ponto. Foram obtidas correlações, entre o NDVI e as variáveis estudadas, que possibilitaram compreender o comportamento da relação entre o índice e as variáveis. Neste caso, encontraram-se funções com capacidade preditiva das variáveis percentagem de frutos de qualidade superior, produtividade dos frutos interessantes economicamente, ° brix, cor, valor da produtividade de frutos interessantes economicamente, entre outros.
One flow to correct them all: improving simulations in high-energy physics with a single normalising flow and a switch
Creators: name: Daumann, Caio Cesar
name: Donega, Mauro
name: Erdmann, Johannes
name: Galli, Massimiliano
name: Späh, Jan Lukas
name: Valsecchi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simulated events are key ingredients in almost all high-energy physics analyses. However, imperfections in the simulation can lead to sizeable differences between the observed data and simulated events. The effects of such mismodelling on relevant observables must be corrected either effectively via scale factors, with weights or by modifying the distributions of the observables and their correlations. We introduce a correction method that transforms one multidimensional distribution (simulation) into another one (data) using a simple architecture based on a single normalising flow with a boolean condition. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method on a physics-inspired toy dataset with non-trivial mismodelling of several observables and their correlations.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, Dataset: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13305706
(401746) John Bell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Integrative post-genome-wide association analysis of CDKN2A and TP53 SNPs and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Romero, Yvonne
name: Onstad, Lynn
name: Utsugi, Heidi
name: Levine, David M.
name: Fitzgerald, Rebecca C.
name: Reid, Brian J.
name: Makar, Karen W.
name: Bird, Nigel C.
name: Galipeau, Patricia C.
name: Ye, Weimin
name: Risch, Harvey A.
name: Whiteman, David C.
name: Casson, Alan G.
name: Buas, Matthew F.
name: Wu, Anna H.
name: Bernstein, Leslie
name: Hardie, Laura J.
name: Li, Xiaohong
name: Liu, Geoffrey
name: Shaheen, Nicholas J.
name: Blount, Patricia L.
name: Vaughan, Thomas L.
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Corley, Douglas A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) in Western countries has increased markedly in recent decades. Although several risk factors have been identified for EA and its precursor, Barrett’s esophagus (BE), including reflux, Caucasian race, male gender, obesity, and smoking, less is known about the role of inherited genetic variation. Frequent somatic mutations in the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A and TP53 were recently reported in EA tumors, while somatic alterations at 9p (CDKN2A) and 17p (TP53) have been implicated as predictors of progression from BE to EA. Motivated by these findings, we used data from a genome-wide association study of 2515 EA cases and 3207 controls to analyze 37 germline single nucleotide polymorphisms at the CDKN2A and TP53 loci. Three CDKN2A polymorphisms were nominally associated (P < 0.05) with reduced risk of EA: rs2518720 C>T [intronic, odds ratio 0.90, P = 0.0121, q = 0.3059], rs3088440 G>A (3′UTR, odds ratio 0.84, P = 0.0186, q = 0.3059), and rs4074785 C>T (intronic, odds ratio 0.85, P = 0.0248, q = 0.3059). None of the TP53 single nucleotide polymorphisms reached nominal significance. Two of the CDKN2A variants identified were also associated with reduced risk of progression from BE to EA, when assessed in a prospective cohort of 408 BE patients: rs2518720 (hazard ratio 0.57, P = 0.0095, q = 0.0285) and rs3088440 (hazard ratio 0.34, P = 0.0368, q = 0.0552). In vitro functional studies of rs3088440, a single nucleotide polymorphism located in the seed sequence of a predicted miR-663b binding site, suggested a mechanism whereby the G>A substitution may attenuate miR-663b-mediated repression of the CDKN2A transcript. This study provides the first evidence that germline variation at the CDKN2A locus may influence EA susceptibility.
Overexpression of miR-146a in basal-like breast cancer cells confers enhanced tumorigenic potential in association with altered p53 status
Creators: name: D'Arcy, Monica
name: Herschkowitz, Jason I.
name: Troester, Melissa A.
name: Sandhu, Rupninder
name: Rein, Jessica
name: Hoadley, Katherine A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The tumor suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, mutated in 25–30% of breast cancers. However, mutation rates differ according to breast cancer subtype, being more prevalent in aggressive estrogen receptor-negative tumors and basal-like and HER2-amplified subtypes. This heterogeneity suggests that p53 may function differently across breast cancer subtypes. We used RNAi-mediated p53 knockdown (KD) and antagomir-mediated KD of microRNAs to study how gene expression and cellular response to p53 loss differ in luminal versus basal-like breast cancer. As expected, p53 loss caused downregulation of established p53 targets (e.g. p21 and miR-34 family) and increased proliferation in both luminal and basal-like cell lines. However, some p53-dependent changes were subtype specific, including expression of miR-134, miR-146a and miR-181b. To study the cellular response to miR-146a upregulation in p53-impaired basal-like lines, antagomir KD of miR-146a was performed. KD of miR-146a caused decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis, effectively ablating the effects of p53 loss. Furthermore, we found that miR-146a upregulation decreased NF-κB expression and downregulated the NF-κB-dependent extrinsic apoptotic pathway (including tumor necrosis factor, FADD and TRADD) and antagomir-mediated miR-146a KD restored expression of these components, suggesting a plausible mechanism for miR-146a-dependent cellular responses. These findings are relevant to human basal-like tumor progression in vivo, since miR-146a is highly expressed in p53 mutant basal-like breast cancers. These findings suggest that targeting miR-146a expression may have value for altering the aggressiveness of p53 mutant basal-like tumors.
(401739) Robert Watson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
LIFE RIPARIAS Action A.2 - Questionnaire about field management data systems in use
Creators: name: Reyserhove, Lien
name: Oldoni, Damiano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: alien species
field management
Invasive alien species
reporting tool
business analysis

description: This questionnaire was created for the project LIFE RIPARIAS, to get a first overview of all field management reporting tools in use by LIFE RIPARIAS partners and other Belgian organizations involved in the management of Invasive Alien Species (IAS). It was sent to representatives of several Belgian field management units and plenary filled in during online meetings. The results of the questionnaire serve as a business analysis for the software development in LIFE RIPARIAS preparatory action A2. The document contains questions regarding: General information: contact details, general context Scope: questions related to the taxonomic, geographical and temporal scope of the field management data Content and structure: description of management methods, impact, non-target effects and effort Technology: questions related to the (meta)data quantity and quality Standards and sharing: questions related to the accessibility of the management data and use of data standards Improvements: planned changes and desired improvements
description: This work was funded under the European Commission LIFE programme (LIFE19 NAT/BE/000953).
An investigation into the use of the finite element method for certain continuum problems
Creators: name: Alghatam, Mohammed Jassim
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91399 Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The Finite Element Method is a numerical technique for obtaining approximate solutions to a wide range of engineering problems. Although originating in the matrix method for evaluating stress in complex structures, it has since been extended and applied to the broader field of continuum mechanics, providing a very flexible tool for analysis with a wide range of applications. The approach used in this thesis is that of providing a suite of computer programs aimed at solving a general second order linear partial differential equation in two dimensions. [Continues.]
Kuratowski monoids of $n$-topological spaces
Creators: name: Banakh, T.
name: Chervak, O.
name: Martynyuk, T.
name: Pylypovych, M.
name: Ravsky, A.
name: Simkiv, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54A10, 54H15, 06A11

description: Generalizing the famous 14-set closure-complement Theorem of Kuratowski from 1922, we prove that for a set $X$ endowed with $n$ pairwise comparable topologies $τ_1\subset\dots\subsetτ_n$, by repeated application of the operations of complement and closure in the topologies $τ_1,\dots,τ_n$ to a subset $A\subset X$ we can obtains at most $2K(n)=2\sum_{i,j=0}^n\binom{i+j}{i}\binom{i+j}{j}$ distinct sets.
description: 20 pages
(401740) Anna Lamb
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The curious case of A31P, a topology-switching mutant of the Repressor of Primer protein : A molecular dynamics study of its folding and misfolding
Creators: name: Vouzina, Olympia-Dialekti
name: Tafanidis, Alexandros
name: Glykos, Nicholas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The effect of mutations on protein structures is usually rather localized and minor. Finding a mutation that can single-handedly change the fold and/or topology of a protein structure is a rare exception. The A31P mutant of the homodimeric Repressor of Primer (Rop) protein is one such exception: This single mutation -- and as demonstrated by two independent crystal structure determinations -- can convert the canonical (left-handed/all-antiparallel) 4-alpha-helical bundle of Rop, to a new form (right-handed/mixed parallel and antiparallel bundle) displaying a previously unobserved 'bisecting U' topology. The main problem with understanding the dramatic effect of this mutation on the folding of Rop is to understand its very existence : Most computational methods appear to agree that the mutation should have had no appreciable effect, with the majority of energy minimization methods and protein structure prediction protocols indicating that this mutation is fully consistent with the native Rop structure, requiring only a local and minor change at the mutation site. Here we use two long (10 us each) molecular dynamics simulations to compare the stability and dynamics of the native Rop versus a hypothetical structure that is identical with the native Rop but is carrying this single Alanine-31 to Proline mutation. Comparative analysis of the two trajectories convincingly shows that in contrast to the indications from energy minimization -- but in agreement with the experimental data -- this hypothetical native-like A31P structure is unstable, with its turn regions almost completely unfolding, even under the relatively mild 320K NpT simulations that we have used for this study. We discuss the implication of these findings for the folding of the A31P mutant, especially with respect to the proposed model of a double-funneled energy landscape.
title: Hemoperitoneum on CT: keep in mind gynaecological causes.
Creators: name: García De Andoin Sojo, Carlota
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Blood

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: - To describe common CT findings of abdominal acute bleeding, especially those secondary to gynaecological pathology. - To review gynaecological pathologies that potentially could cause spontaneous abdominal bleeding and their related CT...
Modeling of Anisotropic Two-Dimensional Materials Monolayer HfS2 and Phosphorene MOSFETs
Creators: name: Chang, Jiwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ballistic transport characteristics of metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) based on anisotropic two-dimensional (2-D) materials monolayer HfS2 and phosphorene are explored through quantum transport simulations. We focus on the effects of the channel crystal orientation and the channel length scaling on device performances. Especially, the role of degenerate conduction band (CB) valleys in monolayer HfS2 is comprehensively analyzed. Benchmarking monolayer HfS2 with phosphorene MOSFETs, we predict that the effect of channel orientation on device performances is much weaker in monolayer HfS2 than in phosphorene due to the degenerate CB valleys of monolayer HfS2. Our simulations also reveal that, at 10 nm channel length scale, phosphorene MOSFETs outperform monolayer HfS2 MOSFETs in terms of the onstate current. However, it is observed that monolayer HfS2 MOSFETs may offer comparable, but a little bit degraded, device performances as compared with phosphorene MOSFETs at 5 nm channel length.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Physics
Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: focus on the cancer hallmark of tumor angiogenesis
Creators: name: Brown, Dustin G.
name: Woodrick, Jordan
name: Lowe, Leroy
name: Hsu, Chia Wen
name: Kimryn Rathmell, W.
name: Mondello, Chiara
name: Singh, Neetu
name: Hu, Zhiwei
name: Dormoy, Valérian
name: Colacci, Annamaria
name: Roy, Rabindra
name: Salem, Hosni K.
name: Massfelder, Thierry
name: Xia, Menghang
name: Ivana Scovassi, A.
name: Amedei, Amedeo
name: Ryan, Elizabeth P.
name: Bisson, William H.
name: Hamid, Roslida A.
name: Jensen, Lasse
name: Brooks, Samira A.
name: Prudhomme, Kalan R.
name: Raju, Jayadev
name: Al-Temaimi, Rabeah
name: Kleinstreuer, Nicole
name: Al-Mulla, Fahd
name: Vaccari, Monica
name: Memeo, Lorenzo
name: Hsu, Hsue Yin
name: Forte, Stefano
name: Lin, Liang Tzung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: One of the important ‘hallmarks’ of cancer is angiogenesis, which is the process of formation of new blood vessels that are necessary for tumor expansion, invasion and metastasis. Under normal physiological conditions, angiogenesis is well balanced and controlled by endogenous proangiogenic factors and antiangiogenic factors. However, factors produced by cancer cells, cancer stem cells and other cell types in the tumor stroma can disrupt the balance so that the tumor microenvironment favors tumor angiogenesis. These factors include vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial tissue factor and other membrane bound receptors that mediate multiple intracellular signaling pathways that contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Though environmental exposures to certain chemicals have been found to initiate and promote tumor development, the role of these exposures (particularly to low doses of multiple substances), is largely unknown in relation to tumor angiogenesis. This review summarizes the evidence of the role of environmental chemical bioactivity and exposure in tumor angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. We identify a number of ubiquitous (prototypical) chemicals with disruptive potential that may warrant further investigation given their selectivity for high-throughput screening assay targets associated with proangiogenic pathways. We also consider the cross-hallmark relationships of a number of important angiogenic pathway targets with other cancer hallmarks and we make recommendations for future research. Understanding of the role of low-dose exposure of chemicals with disruptive potential could help us refine our approach to cancer risk assessment, and may ultimately aid in preventing cancer by reducing or eliminating exposures to synergistic mixtures of chemicals with carcinogenic potential.
Nambu-Goto equation from three-dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Banerjee, Avik
name: Mukhopadhyay, Ayan
name: Policastro, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the solutions of three-dimensional gravity obtained by gluing two copies of a spacetime across a junction constituted of a tensile string are in one-to-one correspondence with the solutions of the Nambu-Goto equation in the same spacetime up to a finite number of rigid deformations related to worldsheet and spacetime isometries. The non-linear Nambu-Goto equation satisfied by the average of the embedding coordinates of the junction emerges directly from the junction conditions along with the rigid deformations and corrections due to the tension. Therefore, the equivalence principle generalizes non-trivially to the string. Our results are valid both in three-dimensional flat and AdS spacetimes. In the context of AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence, our setup could be used to describe a class of interfaces in the conformal field theory featuring relative time reparametrization at the interface which encodes the solution of the Nambu-Goto equation corresponding to the bulk junction.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure; minor clarifications added, version to appear in JHEP
A comparative analysis of deep learning models for lung segmentation on X-ray images
Creators: name: Hryniewska-Guzik, Weronika
name: Bilski, Jakub
name: Chrostowski, Bartosz
name: Sbahi, Jakub Drak
name: Biecek, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robust and highly accurate lung segmentation in X-rays is crucial in medical imaging. This study evaluates deep learning solutions for this task, ranking existing methods and analyzing their performance under diverse image modifications. Out of 61 analyzed papers, only nine offered implementation or pre-trained models, enabling assessment of three prominent methods: Lung VAE, TransResUNet, and CE-Net. The analysis revealed that CE-Net performs best, demonstrating the highest values in dice similarity coefficient and intersection over union metric.
description: published at the Polish Conference on Artificial Intelligence (PP-RAI), 2024
Axion-like particle dark matter in the linear regime of structure formation
Creators: name: Yang, Qiaoli
name: Di, Haoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If axion-like particles (ALPs) constitute a major part of dark matter (DM), due to the bosonic nature and a relative small mass, they could behave differently from the point like dark matter particles on the formation of the cosmic structures. When studying the structure formation, it is often useful to consider DM as a special fluid with a given density and a given velocity. ALP fluid obeys a same continuity equation comparing to the point-like collisionless DM but has a different first-order velocity equation. In the linear regime of structure formation, the resulted observational differences are negligible for the QCD axions but can be interesting for very light ALPs.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, a major revision
LIFE RIPARIAS Action A.2.1 - Business analysis of Invasive Alien Species management registration by Belgian actors.
Creators: name: Hillaert, Jasmijn
name: Reyserhove, Lien
name: Adriaens, Tim
name: Desmet, Peter
name: D'hondt, Bram
name: Noé, Nicolas
name: Oldoni, Damiano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: alien species
field management
invasive alien species
reporting tool

description: Within LIFE RIPARIAS, there is a need for one or more field management registration systems that is fit for a variety of actors and species. Such a system should capture sufficient data to allow the evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of management actions and to perform the reporting to the EU for the Regulation. This project deliverable is a business analysis to explore and describe management registration systems of
 both LIFE RIPARIAS partners and other actors active in IAS management (regions, provinces, local authorities,
 NGOs). Based on this, potential solutions are qualitatively suggested. The analysis consists out of the following parts: Part I gives an overview of the different field management registration tools currently used within the LIFE RIPARIAS study area. Part II defines the needs of field managers towards registration of IAS. Part III compares field management registration software that are available on the market. Part IV explores the barriers to sharing data and investigates potential solutions for registering and reporting management data
description: This work was funded under the European Commission LIFE programme (LIFE19 NAT/BE/000953).
(401742) Alexander [Angus] Croll Hutton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Determination of $K^0_S$ Fragmentation Functions including BESIII Measurements and using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Soleymaninia, Maryam
name: Hashamipour, Hadi
name: Salajegheh, Maral
name: Khanpour, Hamzeh
name: Spiesberger, Hubert
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we revisit the extraction of parton-to-$K^0_S$ hadron fragmentation functions, named FF24-$K^0_S$, focusing on both next-to-leading-order and next-to-next-to-leading-order accuracy in perturbative QCD. Our approach involves the analysis of single inclusive electron-positron annihilation (SIA) data. The two key improvements are, on the one hand, the incorporation of the latest experimental data from the BESIII experiment and, on the other hand, the adoption of Neural Networks in the fitting procedure. To address experimental uncertainties, the Monte Carlo method is employed. Our investigation also explores the impact of hadron mass corrections on the description of SIA data, spanning a broad kinematic regime with a particular emphasis on the range of small $z$ values. The theory prediction for $K^0_S$ production at both NLO and NNLO accuracy exhibits good agreement with experimental data within their respective uncertainties.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
(401743) George Banks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Towards a Deeper Understanding of How Experiments Constrain the Underlying Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Sangaline, Evan
name: Pratt, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has provided the means to rigorously determine properties of super-hadronic matter from experimental data through the application of broad scale modeling of high-energy nuclear collisions within a Bayesian framework. These studies have provided unprecedented statistical inferences about the physics underlying nuclear collisions by virtue of simultaneously considering a wide range of model parameters and experimental observables. Notably, this approach has been used to constrain both the QCD equation of state and the shear viscosity above the quark-hadron transition. Although the inferences themselves have a clear meaning, the complex nature of the relationships between model parameters and observables have remained relatively obscure. We present here a novel extension of the standard Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach that allows for the quantitative determination of how inferences of model parameters are driven by experimental measurements and their uncertainties. This technique is then applied in the context of heavy ion collisions in order to explore previous results in greater depth. The resulting relationships are useful for identifying model weaknesses, prioritizing future experimental measurements, and most importantly: developing an intuition for the role that different observables play in constraining our understanding of the underlying physics.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures (Figure 4 replaced in new version with correct figure)
Pharmacogenomics in Heart Failure: Where Are We Now and How Can We Reach Clinical Application?
Creators: name: Oni-Orisan, Akinyemi
name: Lanfear, David E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Heart failure is becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Several therapies are currently available to treat this chronic illness; however, clinical response to these treatment options exhibit significant interpatient variation. It is now clearly understood that genetics is a key contributor to diversity in therapeutic response, and evidence that genetic polymorphisms alter the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical response of heart failure drugs continues to accumulate. This suggests that pharmacogenomics has the potential to help clinicians improve the management of heart failure by choosing the safest and most effective medications and doses. Unfortunately, despite much supportive data, pharmacogenetic optimization of heart failure treatment regimens is not yet a reality. In order to attenuate the rising burden of heart failure, particularly in the context of the recent paucity of new effective interventions, there is an urgent need to extend pharmacogenetic knowledge and leverage these associations in order to enhance the effectiveness of existing heart failure therapies. The present review focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics in heart failure and provides a glimpse of the aforementioned future needs.
title: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for the characterization of cystic and solid renal lesions: a review.
Creators: name: Perez Rodriguez, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Contrast agents
subject: Kidney
subject: Oncology
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cysts
subject: Metastases
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -To review the Ultrasound (US) and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) features of renal complex cysts and characterization using the Bosniak classification. -To assess the typical characteristic appearance of renal lesions in CEUS. -To illustrate...
Lie Algebras and Generalized Thermal Coherent States
Creators: name: Floquet, S.
name: Trindade, M. A. S.
name: Vianna, J. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we developed an algebraic formulation for the generalized thermal coherent states with a Thermofield Dynamics approach for multi-modes, based on coset space of Lie groups. In particular, we applied our construction on $SU(2)$ and $SU(1,1)$ symmetries and we obtain their thermal coherent states and density operator. We also calculate their thermal quantum Fidelity and thermal Wigner function.
description: 15 pages and 2 figures
Spectral and polarization properties of 'cholesteric liquid crystal - phase plate - metal' structure
Creators: name: Vetrov, Stepan Ya.
name: Pyatnov, Maxim V.
name: Timofeev, Ivan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the localized surface modes in a structure consisting of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a phase plate, and a metal layer. These modes are analogous to the optical Tamm states. The nonreciprocal transmission of polarized light propagating in the forward and backward directions is established. It is demonstrated that the transmission spectrum can be controlled by external fields acting on the cholesteric liquid crystal and by varying the plane of polarization of the incident light. [The text is presented both in English (pp 1-9) and in Russian (pp 10-19)]
description: [The text is presented both in English (pp 1-9) and in Russian (pp 10-19)]
title: When the liver meets the brain!
Creators: name: Abreu, Vasco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To illustrate main central nervous system pathological imaging findings secondary to liver diseases and related conditions, through an overview of several brain MRI from a single-center case...
title: The Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter in pediatric acut liver failure patients
Creators: name: Dogan, Gulec
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Transplantation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Acut liver failure (ALF) is a serious condition that can result with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in the patients, who had not a history of severe liver related dysfunction and chronic liver disease [1]. As a result of the accumulation of ammonia...
title: DSM-TACE as a Downstaging Therapy in Patients with Intermediate Stage HCC and Child-Pugh Score 8-9: a Single-Center Experience.
Creators: name: MINICI, ROBERTO
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Oncology
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Embolisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: According to the EASL Guideline for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma, TACE is the first-line treatment recommended for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or stage B disease, classified according to the Barcelona-Clínic...
The prevalence of clinical features associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia in a heterotaxy population: results of a web-based survey
Creators: name: Tolleson-Rinehart, Sue
name: Shapiro, Adam J.
name: Leigh, Margaret W.
name: Knowles, Michael R.
name: Zariwala, Maimoona A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Primary ciliary dyskinesia and heterotaxy are rare but not mutually exclusive disorders, which result from cilia dysfunction. Heterotaxy occurs in at least 12.1% of primary ciliary dyskinesia patients, but the prevalence of primary ciliary dyskinesia within the heterotaxy population is unknown. We designed and distributed a web-based survey to members of an international heterotaxy organisation to determine the prevalence of respiratory features that are common in primary ciliary dyskinesia and that might suggest the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia. A total of 49 members (25%) responded, and 37% of the respondents have features suggesting the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia, defined as (1) the presence of at least two chronic respiratory symptoms, or (2) bronchiectasis or history of respiratory pathogens suggesting primary ciliary dyskinesia. Of the respondents, four completed comprehensive, in-person evaluations, with definitive primary ciliary dyskinesia confirmed in one individual, and probable primary ciliary dyskinesia identified in two others. The high prevalence of respiratory features compatible with primary ciliary dyskinesia in this heterotaxy population suggests that a subset of heterotaxy patients have dysfunction of respiratory, as well as embryonic nodal cilia. To better assess the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia, heterotaxy patients with chronic oto-sino-respiratory symptoms should be referred for a primary ciliary dyskinesia evaluation.
Hypertensive retinopathy and its association with cardiovascular, renal and cerebrovascular morbidity in Congolese patients : cardiovascular topic
Creators: name: Kayembe, David L.
name: Kabedi, Nelly N.
name: Kayembe, Tharcisse K.
name: Mwanza, Jean Claude
name: Lepira, François B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Signs indicating hypertensive retinopathy can help determine the extent of hypertensive cardiovascular, renal and cerebrovascular damage.
title: Easy step by step O-RADS reporting on MRI
Creators: name: Peter, Ada
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: MR
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Cancer
subject: Cysts
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Revise the MRI features of adnexal lesions and learn to apply a methodical step-by-step approach of the findings by using a decision tree that guides the radiologist towards an O-RADS MRI category (Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Magnetic...
BMPER regulates cardiomyocyte size and vessel density in vivo
Creators: name: Lockyer, Pamela
name: Dyer, Laura A.
name: Moreno-Miralles, Isabel
name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Schisler, Jonathan C.
name: Ren, Rongqin
name: Patterson, Cam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: BMPER, an orthologue of Drosophila melanogaster Crossveinless-2, is a secreted factor that regulates bone morphogenetic protein activity in endothelial cell precursors and during early cardiomyocyte differentiation. Although previously described in the heart, the role of BMPER in cardiac development and function remain unknown.
title: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: It is not rocket science
Creators: name: Haj Belgacem, Nour
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cardiac Assist Devices

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: For abbreviations check this table.[mediafile]908847[/mediafile] To know how to perform cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) according to the suspected diagnosis. To Identify, through various iconography, CMRI semiological elements suggestive...
SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes in cardiovascular development and disease
Creators: name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Bultman, Scott J.
name: Bevilacqua, Ariana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Our understanding of congenital heart defects has been recently advanced by whole exome sequencing projects, which have identified de novo mutations in many genes encoding epigenetic regulators. Notably, multiple subunits of SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes have been identified as strong candidates underlying these defects because they physically and functionally interact with cardiogenic transcription factors critical to cardiac development, such as TBX5, GATA-4, and NKX2-5. While these studies indicate a critical role of SWI/SNF complexes in cardiac development and congenital heart disease, many exciting new discoveries have identified their critical role in the adult heart in both physiological and pathological conditions involving multiple cell types in the heart, including cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, pericytes, and neural crest cells. This review summarizes the role of SWI/SNF chromatinremodeling complexes in cardiac development, congenital heart disease, cardiac hypertrophy, and vascular endothelial cell survival. Although the clinical relevance of SWI/SNF mutations has traditionally been focused primarily on their role in tumor suppression, these recent studies illustrate their critical role in the heart whereby they regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of cardiac derived cell lines.
(C$_5$H$_9$NH$_3$)$_2$CuBr$_4$: a metal-organic two-ladder quantum magnet
Creators: name: Philippe, J.
name: Elson, F.
name: Casati, M. P. N.
name: Sanz, S.
name: Metzelaars, M.
name: Shliakhtun, O.
name: Forslund, O. K.
name: Lass, J.
name: Shiroka, T.
name: Linden, A.
name: Mazzone, D. G.
name: Ollivier, J.
name: Shin, S.
name: Medarde, M.
name: Lake, B.
name: Mansson, M.
name: Bartkowiak, M.
name: Normand, B.
name: Kögerler, P.
name: Sassa, Y.
name: Janoschek, M.
name: Simutis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-dimensional quantum magnets are a versatile materials platform for studying the emergent many-body physics and collective excitations that can arise even in systems with only short-range interactions. Understanding their low-temperature structure and spin Hamiltonian is key to explaining their magnetic properties, including unconventional quantum phases, phase transitions, and excited states. We study the metal-organic coordination compound (C$_5$H$_9$NH$_3$)$_2$CuBr$_4$ and its deuterated counterpart, which upon its discovery was identified as a candidate two-leg quantum ($S = 1/2$) spin ladder in the strong-leg coupling regime. By growing large single crystals and probing them with both bulk and microscopic techniques, we deduce that two previously unknown structural phase transitions take place between 136 K and 113 K. The low-temperature structure has a monoclinic unit cell giving rise to two inequivalent spin ladders. We further confirm the absence of long-range magnetic order down to 30 mK and discuss the implications of this two-ladder structure for the magnetic properties of (C$_5$H$_9$NH$_3$)$_2$CuBr$_4$.
A model for emergence of space and time
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Watabiki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study string field theory (third quantization) of the two-dimensional model of quantum geometry called generalized CDT ("causal dynamical triangulations"). Like in standard non-critical string theory the so-called string field Hamiltonian of generalized CDT can be associated with W-algebra generators through the string mode expansion. This allows us to define an "absolute" vacuum. "Physical" vacua appear as coherent states created by vertex operators acting on the absolute vacuum. Each coherent state corresponds to specific values of the coupling constants of generalized CDT. The cosmological "time" only exists relatively to a given "physical" vacuum and comes into existence before space, which is created because the "physical" vacuum is unstable. Thus each CDT "universe" is created as a "Big Bang" from the absolute vacuum, its time evolution is governed by the CDT string field Hamiltonian with given coupling constants, and one can imagine interactions between CDT universes with different coupling constants ("fourth quantization")
(401733) Robina Watson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Scalasca/Cube with POP Advisor blueprint
Creators: name: Wylie, Brian J. N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Scalasca Score-P CUBE HemeLB JUWELS MPI+GPU

description: Blueprint for cube showing Scalasca CUBE GUI presentation of Score-P summary measurement of HemeLB application execution on 32 JUWELS/V100 compute nodes with 129 MPI processes and 128 GPUs, including POP Advisor efficiency assessment.
NO mobilizes intracellular Zn2+ via cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and prevents mitochondrial oxidant damage in cardiomyocytes
Creators: name: Norfleet, Edward A.
name: Xu, Zhelong
name: Wang, Huihua
name: Xi, Jinkun
name: Jang, Youngho
name: Mueller, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Our aim was to determine if NO prevents mitochondrial oxidant damage by mobilizing intracellular free zinc (Zn2+).