cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Concepts and issues of population genetics in seaweeds
Creators: name: VALERO, Myriam
name: ENGEL, Carolyn
name: BILLOT, Claire
name: KLOAREG, Bernard
name: DESTOMBE, Christophe
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: The aim of this paper is to highlight the questions raised by a population genetics approach in order to discuss
 them in the context of seaweed populations studies. First, basic concepts of population genetics and their application in
 conservation biology are briefly reviewed. Second, we rapidly survey the methods for analysing the genetic structure of
 populations : these methods estimate parameters that characterise mating systems, quantify gene flow and evaluate genetic
 drift . To illustrate these points, examples taken from studies on algal populations are presented and discussed.
The Zbb Couplings at Future e+e- Colliders
Creators: name: Gori, Stefania
name: Gu, Jiayin
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many new physics models predict sizable modifications to the SM Zbb couplings, while the corresponding measurements at LEP and SLC exhibit some discrepancy with the SM predictions. After updating the current results on the Zbb coupling constraints from global fits, we list the observables that are most important for improving the Zbb coupling constraints and estimate the expected precision reach of three proposed future e+e- colliders, CEPC, ILC and FCC-ee. We consider both the case that the results are SM-like and the one that the Zbb couplings deviate significantly from the SM predictions. We show that, if we assume the value of the Zbb couplings to be within 68% CL of the current measurements, any one of the three colliders will be able to rule out the SM with more than 99.9999% CL (5 sigma). We study the implications of the improved Zbb coupling constraints on new physics models, and point out their complementarity with the constraints from the direct search of new physics particles at the LHC, as well as with Higgs precision measurements. Our results provide a further motivation for the construction of future e+e- colliders.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures. v2: added appendix on theoretical uncertainties, minor corrections, references added, matches published version in JHEP
SOME ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY TO THE STUDY OF CORALLINACEAE (RHODOPHYTA) ALGAE
Creators: name: Afonsocarrillo, J.
name: Gilrodriguez, M. C.
name: Tabraue, R. H.
name: Delatorre, W. W.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1984

Abstract
title: A Hybrid Microfluidic Chip with Multielectrode Geometry for Cell Concentration using AC pDEP and Multiwave ACEOF
Creators: name: Chughtai, Muhammad Wajih Ud Din
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2022

description: Microfluidic systems for cell concentration are becoming increasingly important tools in life science research and diagnostics. The ability to handle life cells in a highly controlled environment offers opportunities to automate complex procedure such as IVF, liquid biopsy, and single-cell isolation. Despite promising applications, present-day cell isolation techniques, either lag efficiency or deal with specific cells only. On the other hand, AC Electroosmotic flow (ACEOF) apply force on fluid medium only and therefore does not rely on cell properties. From this point of view, AC EOF is an exciting alternative for current cell concentration techniques. This research combines two AC Electrokinetic phenomena, namely AC positive dielectrophoresis (AC pDEP) and AC Electroosmotic flow (ACEOF), to build a microfluidic device that is capable of providing a cell concentration factor of 100000/mL at the flow rate of 45μL/min. To achieve this goal, firstly, AC pDEP and ACEOF response are thoroughly examined against the parameters such as electrode geometry, interelectrode gap, fluid conductivity, chamber height, AC signal strength and frequency, and it is established that 75μm interelectrode gap provide an ACEOF vortex size of 430μm at 10Vpp, 1kHz for the fluid conductivity of 10mS/m while 100μm interelectrode gap provides a vortex size of 290μm for the same parameters. On the other hand, 20Vpp, 1MHz provides AC pDEP efficiency of ~50% at 300μm chamber height for a pair of electrodes. Based on these results, a microfluidic device is built with ten individually addressable electrodes, which offers an AC pDEP efficiency of >95% at 45μl/min flow rate, with overall ACEOF yield of >90% and an concentration factor of 100000 using 2000s AC pDEP and five waves of ACEOF. In the end, results of both AC pDEP and ACEOF are validated using finite element modelling that also provides a model for multi-vortex ACEOF.
Localization of soluble guanylyl cyclase in the superficial dorsal horn
Creators: name: Weinberg, Richard J.
name: Ding, Jin Dong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in pain processing at the spinal level, but the mechanisms mediating its effects remain unclear. In the present work, we studied the organization of the major downstream effector of NO, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), in the superficial dorsal horn of rat. Almost all neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor-positive neurons in lamina I (a major source of ascending projections) were strongly immunopositive for sGC. Many local circuit neurons in laminae I-II also stained for sGC, but less intensely. Numerous fibers, presumably of unmyelinated primary afferent (C fiber) origin, stained for calcitonin gene-related peptide or isolectin B4, but none of these was immunopositive for sGC. These data, along with immunoelectron microscopy results, imply that unmyelinated primary afferent fibers terminating in the superficial dorsal horn lack sGC. Double labeling showed that neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) seldom colocalized with sGC, but nNOS-positive structures were frequently closely apposed to sGC-positive structures, suggesting that in the superficial dorsal horn NO acts mainly in a paracrine manner. Our data suggest that the NK1 receptor-positive projection neurons in lamina I are a major target of NO released in superficial dorsal horn. NO may also influence local circuit neurons, but it does not act on unmyelinated primary afferent terminals via sGC.
Standardisierung oder Individualisierung? Wie Pressebilder bildungspolitische Standpunkte markieren
Creators: name: Hermann, Thomas
name: Grube, Norbert
name: Schwarb, Ursula
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2011

description: Dieser Beitrag präsentiert Resultate einer seriell-ikonographischen Untersuchung zur bildlichen Darstellung von Schule und Bildung in deutschschweizerischen Tages- und Sonntagszeitungen. Speziell gefragt wird, ob Pressebilder in der Lage sind, eigenständige Aussagen zu komplexen bildungspolitischen Vorlagen machen zu können. Anhand zweier gleichzeitig geführter Debatten wird gezeigt, wie unterschiedliche Vorstellungen von Kindheit und schulischer Bildung beziehungsweise Förderung in die Bildberichterstattung manifest werden.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2011): Bild, Bildung und Erziehung
Does three dimensional electromagnetic field inherit the spacetime symmetries?
Creators: name: Cvitan, Maro
name: Prester, Predrag Dominis
name: Smolić, Ivica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the electromagnetic field in a (1+2)-dimensional spacetime necessarily inherits the symmetries of the spacetime metric in a large class of generalized Einstein-Maxwell theories. The Lagrangians of the studied theories have general diff-covariant gravitational part and include both the gravitational and the gauge Chern-Simons terms.
description: 10 pages; published version (some comments and references added)
Integrated algal farming: a review
Creators: name: BUSCHMANN, Alejandro H.
name: TROELL, Max
name: KAUTSKY, Nils
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: Integrated aquaculture has been proposed as an environmentally friendly way of recycling wastes, especially those
 produced through the cultivation of high trophic level species, which require the supply of exogenous energy (food). The
 cultivation of filter-feeders and seaweeds around fish culture cages has been tested for waste recycling. However, success
 has not been total, partly because the amount of filter-feeders and seaweed needed to remove a significant proportion of the
 wastes produced from intensive large scale cultivation systems is very large. Thus, semi-closed and land-based systems have
 been proposed as a technological alternative for integrated aquaculture. The latter type of systems are technically feasible,
 although, the high investments needed at present, prevent its more general use. In Chile, salmon cultivation is well
 established, and produces over 200,000 tons yr-1. As a result of the rapid expansion of salmon farming, the concern regarding
 the environment is rising. Thus we have made experiments to integrate the cultivation of the agarophyte Gracilaria, with
 salmon farms. Our results indicate that this alga is capable of removing a significant proportion of the ammonium excreted
 by fish. Studies in land-based integrated culture systems indicate that fish production can reach over 30 kg m-3, with an
 associated Gracilaria production of 49 kg (wet weight) m-2 y-1. The environmental benefits associated with the development
 of integrated tank cultivation were assessed by analysing previously published and unpublished data. With these production
 results, a profitability analysis was made, internalizing the environmental benefits. As the waste discharge is highly reduced
 by integrating seaweed cultivation into a fish farm, the economic profitability of a commercial project is almost not affected
 by internalizing the environmental costs as compared to a situation without environmental requirements.
(3781) John Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Jugendwerkhof – Bilderwelten: Visuelle Artikulationen sozialer Ordnung am Beispiel einer Fotografie aus einem DDR-Jugendwerkhof
Creators: name: Matthies, Bettina
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2012

description: Im Zentrum des Beitrages steht die bildhermeneutische Analyse einer Dokumentarfotografie aus einem DDR-Jugendwerkhof, in der die formalästhetische Ins-Bild-Setzung der sozialen Ordnung einer Politerziehungsveranstaltung untersucht wird. Gefragt wird nach dem visuellen Arrangement indexikalischer Bildinformationen und der damit verbundenen reflexiven Wissensproduktion des historischen Gegenstandes in zeitgenössischen Rezeptionen.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2011): Bild, Bildung und Erziehung
Changes in apical dendritic structure correlate with sustained ERK1/2 phosphorylation in medial prefrontal cortex of a rat model of dopamine D 1 receptor agonist sensitization
Creators: name: Blake, Bonita L.
name: Breese, George R.
name: McCown, Thomas J.
name: Halloran, Christopher
name: Papadeas, Sophia T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Rats lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) as neonates exhibit behavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in adulthood that mimic Lesch-Nyhan disease, schizophrenia and other developmental disorders of frontostriatal circuit dysfunction. In these animals, a latent sensitivity to D1 agonists is maximally exposed by repeated administration of dopamine agonists in the post-pubertal period (D1 priming). In neonate-lesioned, adult rats primed with SKF-38393, we found selective, persistent alterations in the morphology of pyramidal neuron apical dendrites in the prelimbic area of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). In these animals, dendrite bundling patterns and the typically straight trajectories of primary dendritic shafts were disrupted, whereas the diameter of higher-order oblique branches was increased. Although not present in neonate-lesioned rats treated with saline, these morphological changes persisted at least 21 days after repeated dosing with SKF-38393, and were not accompanied by markers of neurodegenerative change. A sustained increase in phospho-ERK immunoreactivity in wavy dendritic shafts over the same period suggested a relationship between prolonged ERK phosphorylation and dendritic remodeling in D1-primed rats. In support of this hypothesis, pretreatment with the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors PD98059 or SL327, prior to each priming dose of SKF-38393, prevented the morphological changes associated with D1 priming. Together, these findings demonstrate that repeated stimulation of D1 receptors in adulthood interacts with the developmental loss of dopamine to profoundly and persistently modify neuronal signaling and dendrite morphology in the mature prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, sustained elevation of ERK activity in mPFC pyramidal neurons may play a role in guiding these morphological changes in vivo.
Bildelemente in Programmen der Erwachsenenbildung. Zur Analyse bildlicher Darstellung von Institutionen, Adressatenkonstruktionen und Wissens (-vermittlungs-)formen in Programmen der Erwachsenenbildung
Creators: name: Nolda, Sigrid
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2011

description: Nach einem kurzen Überblick über Analysen von Programmen der Erwachsenenbildung und über dort isolierbaren Bildelemente wird eine Erweiterung der qualitativ orientierten Programmforschung vorgeschlagen und im Rückgriff auf aktuelle bildhermeneutische Modelle ein dem Datentyp angepasstes qualitatives Bildanalysemodell vorgestellt. Dieses an einem Beispiel vorgeführte Modell berücksichtigt die Materialität von Bildern und neben der Bild-Text-Relation auch die Bild-Bild-Relation als spezifische Form der Kontextualisierung.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2011): Bild, Bildung und Erziehung
Divisibility properties for weakly holomorphic modular forms with sign vectors
Creators: name: Zhang, Yichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F41, 11F27

description: In this paper, we prove some divisibility results for the Fourier coefficients of reduced modular forms of sign vectors. More precisely, we generalize a divisibility result of Siegel on constant terms when the weight is non-positive, which is related to the weight of Borcherds lifts when the weight is zero. By considering Hecke operators for the spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms with sign vectors, and obtain divisibility results in an "orthogonal" direction on reduced modular forms.
description: 16 pages
Bild und Narration als konstituierendes Verhältnis von Bildräumen. Eine Skizze
Creators: name: Endreß, Franziska
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2011

description: Mit der Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Bild und Bildung ist die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Bild und Sprache eng verknüpft. Der vorliegende Beitrag konzentriert sich auf das Zusammenspiel von Bild und Erzählung im Hinblick auf die sozialwissenschaftliche Interpretation von Bildern als Teil von Bildräumen. Anhand eines Bildbeispiels aus dem begrifflichen Kontext „Lebenslanges Lernen“ werden mögliche Interpretationsansätze aufgezeigt.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2011): Bild, Bildung und Erziehung
Note on Nakayama automorphisms of PBW deformations and Hopf actions
Creators: name: Shen, Y.
name: Lu, D. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 16E65, 16S80, Secondary 16W30

description: PBW deformations of Artin-Schelter regular algebras are skew Calabi-Yau. We prove that the Nakayama automorphisms of such PBW deformations can be obtained from their homogenizations. Some Calabi-Yau properties are generalized without Koszul assumption. We also show that the Nakayama automorphisms of such PBW deformations control Hopf actions on them.
description: It has been accepted for publication in SCIENCE CHINA Mathematics
“Fast” plasma membrane calcium pump PMCA2a concentrates in GABAergic terminals in the adult rat brain
Creators: name: Strehler, Emanuel E.
name: Weinberg, Richard J.
name: Burette, Alain C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases (PMCA) represent the major high-affinity Ca2+ extrusion system in the brain. PMCAs comprise four isoforms and over 20 splice variants. Their different functional properties may permit different PMCA splice variants to accommodate different kinds of local [Ca2+] transients, but for a specific PMCA to play a unique role in local Ca2+ handling it must be targeted to the appropriate subcellular compartment. We used immunohistochemistry to study the spatial distribution of PMCA2a–one of the two major carboxyl-terminal splice variants of PMCA2–in the adult rat brain, testing whether this isoform, with especially high basal activity, is targeted to specific subcellular compartments. In striking contrast to the widespread distribution of PMCA2 as a whole, we found that PMCA2a is largely restricted to parvalbumin-positive inhibitory presynaptic terminals throughout the brain. The only major exception to this targeting pattern was in the cerebellar cortex, where PMCA2a also concentrates postsynaptically, in the spines of Purkinje cells. We propose that the fast Ca2+ activation kinetics and high Vmax of PMCA2a make this pump especially suited for rapid clearance of presynaptic Ca2+ in fast-spiking inhibitory nerve terminals, which face severe transient calcium loads.
Variability of carbon and nitrogen composition in body compartments of Strongylocentrotus nudus and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) associated with food availability
Creators: name: AGATSUMA, Yukio
name: WATANABE, Masayuki
name: KINOSHITA, Junji
name: INOMATA, Eri
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: Little is known about the differences in elemental composition in body compartments of consumers in rocky subtidal bottom ecosystems. We conducted a series of feeding experiments to investigate differences in the carbon and nitrogen content in the body compartments of edible sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus nudus and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus from three different macrophyte beds: the kelp Eisenia bicyclis; fucoid Sargassum yezoense, and crustose coralline algae. We also investigated various differences between urchins feeding on Saccharina japonica kelp ad libitum and those kept in starvation conditions. We found that the gonad index of S. nudus in kelp beds was higher than that of those in the fucoid bed. No significant difference was found in the gonad index of H. pulcherrimus from kelp and fucoid beds. The lantern indices of S. nudus in kelp beds and those fed with kelp were significantly lower than those in fucoid and coralline algal beds, and the starved ones and the carbon content of lantern in the kelp bed was also significantly lower than those in fucoid bed. Both species of sea urchins fed on kelp had increases in the gut index, carbon content and the C:N ratio of gut. The C:N ratios of the predominant algae in each bed were 1.2-6.0 times higher than those of the whole body of both species of sea urchin. There were no significant differences in the C:N ratios in the gonads among animals receiving the same treatment, and the C:N ratios in S. nudus were higher than those in H. pulcherrimus. These results suggest carbon and nitrogen compositions changed in the Aristotle¢s lantern of S. nudus and gut of S. nudus and H. pulcherrimus in an imbal- anced manner, while the composition of the gonads during the growth stage is stable and may be homeostatic for each species.
Die Sprache im Schulbuch. Erste Überlegungen zur Entwicklung von Geschichts- und Politikschulbüchern unter Berücksichtigung sprachlicher Besonderheiten.
Creators: name: Oleschko, Sven
name: Moraitis, Anastasia
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2012

description: Der folgende Beitrag umfasst erste Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojektes, in dem Geschichts- und Politikschulbücher unter dem Aspekt der sprachlichen Sensibilität genauer analysiert werden. Dabei steht vor allem die Sprache der Schulbücher und des Fachunterrichts im Fokus. Es wird darum gehen aufzuzeigen, welche potentielle Schwierigkeit die Sprache in Schulbüchern für heterogene Lerngruppen bereiten kann, ohne die es nicht möglich ist fachliche Inhalte vermittelt. Die Untersuchungsmethoden beziehen sich hier vor allem auf Frequenzanalysen und die qualitative Darstellung von sprachlichen Hürden (vor allem über den Einsatz von Operatoren dargestellt).
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2012): Wandel von Lern- und Lehrmaterialien
INFLUENCE DE L'ÉCLAIREMENT SUR LA PONTE DE CIONA INTESTINALIS L. (TUNICIER ASCIDIACÉ)
Creators: name: GEORGES, Danielle
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1968

description: Permanent lighting strongly inhibits the spawning of Ciona intestinalis. The inversion of light and darkness with regard to the normal day and night cycle results in a shifting of the time of spawning, which occurs with regularity shortly before the end of a period of darkness. The inhibitory action of light prevails over the stimulating effect of the removal of the neural gland: in permanent lighting the removal of the neural gland is not followed by an increase of the spawning rate.
Conditional decoupling of random interlacements
Creators: name: Alves, Caio
name: Popov, Serguei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a conditional decoupling inequality for the model of random interlacements in dimension $d\geq 3$: the conditional law of random interlacements on a box (or a ball) $A_1$ given the (not very "bad") configuration on a "distant" set $A_2$ does not differ a lot from the unconditional law.
(3782) Hester Frances Bellingham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Embryonic substantia nigra grafts in the mesencephalon send neurites to the host striatum in non-human primate after overexpression of GDNF
Creators: name: Sladek Jr., J. R.
name: Collier, T. J.
name: Elsworth, J. D.
name: Aebischer, P.
name: Blanchard, B.
name: Samulski, R. J.
name: Bjugstad, K. B.
name: Leranth, C.
name: Redmond Jr., D. Eugene
name: Roth, R. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In spite of partial success in treating Parkinson's disease using ectopically placed grafts of dopamine-producing cells, restoration of the original neuroanatomical circuits, if possible, might work better. Previous evidence of normal anatomic projections from ventral mesencephalic (VM) grafts placed in the substantia nigra (SN) has been limited to neonatal rodents and double grafting or bridging procedures. This study attempted to determine whether injection of a potent growth promoting factor, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), into the target regions or placement of fetal striatal co-grafts in the nigrostriatal pathway might elicit neuritic outgrowth to the caudate nucleus. Four adult St. Kitts green monkeys received embryonic VM grafts into the rostral mesencephalon near the host substantia nigra, and injections of AAV2/GDNF or EIAV/GDNF into the caudate. Three adult monkeys were co-grafted with fetal VM tissue near the substantia nigra and fetal striatal grafts (STR) 2.5 mm rostral in the nigrostriatal pathway. Before sacrifice, the striatal target regions were injected with the retrograde tracer fluorogold (FG). FG label was found in tyrosine hydroxylase-labeled neurons in VM grafts in the SN of only those monkeys that received AAV2/GDNF vector injections into the ipsilateral striatum. All monkeys showed FG labeling in the host substantia nigra when FG labeling was injected on the same side. These data show that grafted dopaminergic neurons can extend neurites to a distant target releasing an elevated concentration of GDNF, and suggest that grafted neurons can be placed into appropriate loci for potential tract reconstruction.
Cellular and subcellular localization of the neuron-specific plasma membrane calcium ATPase PMCA1a in the rat brain
Creators: name: Strehler, Emanuel E.
name: Mauer, Amy S.
name: Weinberg, Richard J.
name: Bushong, Eric A.
name: Burette, Alain C.
name: Kenyon, Katharine A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Regulation of intracellular calcium is crucial both for proper neuronal function and survival. By coupling ATP hydrolysis with Ca2+ extrusion from the cell, the plasma membrane calcium-dependent ATPases (PMCAs) play an essential role in controlling intracellular calcium levels in neurons. In contrast to PMCA2 and PMCA3, which are expressed in significant levels only in the brain and a few other tissues, PMCA1 is ubiquitously distributed, and is thus widely believed to play a “housekeeping” function in mammalian cells. Whereas the PMCA1b splice variant is predominant in most tissues, an alternative variant, PMCA1a, is the major form of PMCA1 in the adult brain. Here, we use immunohistochemistry to analyze the cellular and subcellular distribution of PMCA1a in the brain. We show that PMCA1a is not ubiquitously expressed, but rather is confined to neurons, where it concentrates in the plasma membrane of somata, dendrites and spines. Thus, rather than serving a general “housekeeping” function, our data suggest that PMCA1a is a calcium pump specialized for neurons, where it may contribute to the modulation of somatic and dendritic Ca2+ transients.
Verwaltungskräfte in pädagogischen Organisationen. Erste empirische Ergebnisse zur Perspektive von Verwaltungskräften auf die pädagogische Praxis von Organisationen Allgemeiner Erwachsenenbildung
Creators: name: Franz, Julia
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2013

description: Im Kontext einer empirischen Studie zum Lehren in Organisationen Allgemeiner Erwachsenenbildung wird die Frage verfolgt, welche Funktion Verwaltungskräfte in pädagogischen Organisationen einnehmen und inwiefern sich der diesbezügliche Modus des Lehrens und Lernens in ihren Handlungsorientierungen zeigt. Dazu werden erste empirische Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der organisationalen Mitgliedschaft von Verwaltungskräften, der Wahrnehmung der pädagogischen Praxis und der Umgangsweisen mit Teilnehmenden vorgestellt und diskutiert.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2013): Nicht-pädagogisches Personal in Bildungseinrichtungen
Role of interstitial branching in the development of visual corticocortical connections: A time-lapse and fixed-tissue analysis
Creators: name: Olavarria, Jaime F.
name: Bachleda, Amelia R.
name: Ruthazer, Edward S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We combined fixed-tissue and time-lapse analyses to investigate the axonal branching phenomena underlying the development of topographically organized ipsilateral projections from area 17 to area 18a in the rat. These complementary approaches allowed us to relate static, large-scale information provided by traditional fixed-tissue analysis to highly dynamic, local, small-scale branching phenomena observed with two-photon time-lapse microscopy in acute slices of visual cortex. Our fixed-tissue data revealed that labeled area 17 fibers invaded area 18a gray matter at topographically restricted sites, reaching superficial layers in significant numbers by postnatal day 6 (P6). Moreover, most parental axons gave rise to only one or occasionally a small number of closely spaced interstitial branches beneath 18a. Our time-lapse data showed that many filopodium-like branches emerged along parental axons in white matter or deep layers in area 18a. Most of these filopo-dial branches were transient, often disappearing after several minutes to hours of exploratory extension and retraction. These dynamic behaviors decreased significantly from P4, when the projection is first forming, through the second postnatal week, suggesting that the expression of, or sensitivity to, cortical cues promoting new branch addition in the white matter is developmentally down-regulated coincident with gray matter innervation. Together, these data demonstrate that the development of topographically organized corticocortical projections in rats involves extensive exploratory branching along parental axons and invasion of cortex by only a small number of interstitial branches, rather than the widespread innervation of superficial cortical layers by an initially exuberant population of branches.
Optical Spectroscopy of Supernova Remnants in M81 and M82
Creators: name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
name: Sohn, Jubee
name: Lee, Jong Hwan
name: Lim, Sungsoon
name: Jang, In Sung
name: Ko, Youkyung
name: Koo, Bon-Chul
name: Hwang, Narae
name: Kim, Sang Chul
name: Park, Byeong-Gon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopy of 28 SNR candidates as well as one H II region in M81, and two SNR candidates in M82. Twenty six out of the M81 candidates turn out to be genuine SNRs, and two in M82 may be shocked condensations in the galactic outflow or SNRs. The distribution of [N II]/Hα ratios of M81 SNRs is bimodal. M81 SNRs are divided into two groups in the spectral line ratio diagrams: an [O III]-strong group and an [O III]-weak group. The latter have larger sizes, and may have faster shock velocity. [N II]/Hα ratios of the SNRs show a strong correlation with [S II]/Hα ratios. They show a clear radial gradient in [N II]/Hα and [S II]/Hα ratios: dLog ([N II]/Hα)/dLog R = -0.018 {\pm} 0.008 dex/kpc and dLog ([S II]/Hα)/dLog R = -0.016 {\pm} 0.008 dex/kpc where R is a deprojected galactocentric distance. We estimate the nitrogen and oxygen abundance of the SNRs from the comparison with shock-ionization models. We obtain a value for the nitrogen radial gradient, dLog(N/H)/dLogR = -0.023 {\pm} 0.009 dex/kpc, and little evidence for the gradient in oxygen. This nitrogen abundance shows a few times flatter gradient than those of the planetary nebulae and H II regions. We find that five SNRs are matched with X-ray sources. Their X-ray hardness colors are consistent with thermal SNRs.
description: 19 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables, ApJ accepted
Electric field-induced superconducting transition of insulating FeSe thin film at 35 K
Creators: name: Hanzawa, Kota
name: Sato, Hikaru
name: Hiramatsu, Hidenori
name: Kamiya, Toshio
name: Hosono, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is thought that strong electron correlation in an insulating parent phase would enhance a critical temperature (Tc) of superconductivity in a doped phase via enhancement of the binding energy of a Cooper pair as known in high-Tc cuprates. To induce a superconductor transition in an insulating phase, injection of a high density of carriers is needed (e.g., by impurity doping). An electric double-layer transistor (EDLT) with an ionic liquid gate insulator enables such a field-induced transition to be investigated and is expected to result in a high Tc because it is free from deterioration in structure and carrier transport that are in general caused by conventional carrier doping (e.g., chemical substitution). Here, for insulating epitaxial thin films (~10 nm thick) of FeSe, we report a high Tc of 35 K, which is four times higher than that of bulk FeSe, using an EDLT under application of a gate bias of +5.5 V. Hall effect measurements under the gate bias suggest that highly accumulated electron carrier in the channel, whose area density is estimated to be 1.4x10^15 cm-2 (the average volume density of 1.7x10^21 cm-3), is the origin of the high-Tc superconductivity. This result demonstrates that EDLTs are useful tools to explore the ultimate Tc for insulating parent materials.
description: PNAS Early Edition
Determinanten von Bildungsdifferenzen in Deutschland: Lehren und Grenzen der PISA-Studie
Creators: name: Debuschewitz, Pia
name: Bujard, Martin
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2014

description: Die PISA-Studien haben zu einer intensiven Bildungsdebatte beigetragen. In Deutschland werden Bildungsdifferenzen häufig singulär durch Bildungspolitik oder durch soziale Ungleichheit erklärt. Anhand von PISA-Daten (2006) werden Determinanten des Bildungsniveaus und ihre relative Erklärungskraft analysiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass Migrationshintergrund, soziale Schicht, Schüler-Lehrkräfte-Verhältnis und regionale Faktoren das Kompetenzniveau beeinflussen, wobei ein Interaktionseffekt von Migration und Schicht die Wirkung verstärkt.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2014): Lernen und Entwicklung in der zweiten Lebenshälfte: Perspektiven und epistemologische Zugänge in Deutschland und Frankre
Anerkennung in der Freiwilligenarbeit älterer Menschen
Creators: name: Giskes, Mira
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2014

description: In dem Artikel „Anerkennung in der Freiwilligenarbeit älterer Menschen“ wird das laufende DFG-Projekt „Anerkennung in Organisationen des Alters“ vorgestellt. Nach der Klärung epistemologischer Prämissen, forschungsleitender Fragen und der fokussierten Problematik erfolgt ein Überblick über die theoretische Fundierung und das methodische Vorgehen dieser qualitativ ausgerichteten Untersuchung. Bilanzierend werden schließlich erste Eindrücke aus den bisherigen Erhebungen und die Grenzen dieses Forschungsvorhabens aufgezeigt.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2014): Lernen und Entwicklung in der zweiten Lebenshälfte: Perspektiven und epistemologische Zugänge in Deutschland und Frankre
Preservation of the bioactive saponins of Holothuria scabra through the processing of trepang
Creators: name: CAULIER, Guillaume
name: FLAMMANG, Patrick
name: RAKOTORISOA, Pricilla
name: GERBAUX, Pascal
name: DEMEYER, Marie
name: EECKHAUT, Igor
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: Holothuroids produce highly diverse natural organic compounds which present interesting nutritional and pharmacological properties. This is why processed sea cucumbers, also called trepang, have a high commercial value and are consumed for food and traditional medicine in Asian communities. Among bioactive substances, saponins are secondary metabolites structurally known as triterpene glycosides. Holothuroid saponins possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects including hemolytic, cytostatic, antitumoral, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study intends to analyse and to compare the saponins contained in the body wall of Holothuria scabra, in the water used to prepare those organisms into trepang, and finally in the trepang itself. Saponins were extracted and purified by chromatography and liquid-liquid extraction methods and were then analysed by mass spectrometry (MS and MS/MS). Results show that the body wall of H. scabra contains six major saponins, with a mean concentration of 1 g.kg-1 of tissue (wet weight). The same saponins were also found in trepang with roughly the same concentration but a different proportion. In cooking water, only some saponin fragments are detected indicating that the small amount of saponin which is extracted is presumably thermally hydrolysed.
title: Channel Activity Statistics Estimation in Spectrum Sharing Systems Based on Imperfect Spectrum Sensing
Creators: name: Toma, Ogeen
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2022

description: As we are stepping into the era of beyond 5G, the demand for frequency bands will increase significantly to accommodate the fast growing tendency in wireless communications technology. Spectrum sharing is one of the promising solutions to overcome the frequency scarcity problem and maximise spectrum utilisation efficiency. Its consideration can be seen in the recent ongoing deployment of 5G as in 5G New Radio Unlicensed (5G NR-U). The harmonious coexistence of several wireless systems in a shared frequency spectrum is highly dependent on making effective decisions for the utilisation of such spectrum. These decisions are usually based on the users’ traffic activity within the channel and their statistical information. Therefore, it is crucial for a spectrum sharing system to accurately obtain channel activity statistics. Although spectrum sensing is used in such systems to determine the instantaneous state of the channel, sensing decisions can further be exploited to provide a broad range of statistical information of the channel activity. However, spectrum sensing is imperfect in real world which therefore leads to inaccurate estimation of the channel activity statistics. In this context, this thesis studies the problem of estimating the channel activity statistics under (realistic) Imperfect Spectrum Sensing (ISS) and it finds mathematical relationships (in closed-form expressions) between the observed channel activity statistics under ISS and their corresponding actual statistical information, as a function of relevant operating parameters including the probability of sensing errors, the employed sensing period and the sample size. Such problem is poorly addressed in the literature, without deep and rigorous mathematical analyses taking into account all the factors that would influence the estimation accuracy of the channel activity statistics. Then, the thesis investigates different approaches that can be used to improve the estimation of the channel activity statistics under ISS, namely the closed-form expression approach, which is based on the obtained mathematical expressions for these statistics; the algorithmic approach, which is based on reconstruction algorithms; and finally a Traffic Learning (TL) approach, which is based on deep learning techniques. It is shown that the proposed estimation methods in this thesis outperform the existing methods in the literature without requiring any prior knowledge of the channel activity. The correctness of the obtained analytical expressions and proposed estimation methods are corroborated with both simulation and experimental results, for which a USRP-based prototype is developed as an experimental platform to validate the theoretical analyses conducted for the estimation of the channel activity statistics in spectrum sharing systems.
La recherche sur les politiques éducatives à la loupe des Sciences de l’Éducation et des Sciences Politiques. Exemple d’une analyse du discours sur l’éducation
Creators: name: Rusitoru, Mihaela-Viorica
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2014

description: Ã€ l’aube du nouveau millénaire, l’humanité se confronte à une diversité de défis sociétaux : taux élevé du chÃ´mage ou le vieillissement de la population. L’éducation est appelée à y faire face. Étant donné que la globalisation s’associe à la disparition des frontières nationales, les politiques éducatives concernent dorénavant non seulement les décideurs politiques nationaux, mais aussi supranationaux. Notre recherche doctorale vise à comprendre les politiques éducatives actuelles. Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été menés auprès d’une centaine de fonctionnaires de l’UNESCO, de l’OCDE, de l’OIT, du Conseil de l’Europe, de la CEDH, de la CJUE, de l’EUROSTAT, du CEDEFOP, de l’ETF, de la Commission Européenne, du parlement Européen, du CRELL et des acteurs éducatifs de Roumanie. Les résultats montrent que chaque organisation internationale a une vision distincte de l’éducation tout au long de la vie. Si au niveau de l’Union européenne (UE), on tend vers une politique commune d’éducation, en Roumanie, la mise en place des politiques éducatives cohérentes se heurte à l’instabilité politique et économique.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2014): Lernen und Entwicklung in der zweiten Lebenshälfte: Perspektiven und epistemologische Zugänge in Deutschland und Frankre
Supplementary information.pdf
Creators: name: Xiaochun Ding
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70605 Post Harvest Horticultural Technologies (incl. Transportation and Storage)
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Our sequences (PCR cloned) relate to the Papaya genome sequence gene models
Quantum Magnets and Matrix Lorenz Systems
Creators: name: Tranchida, Julien
name: Thibaudeau, Pascal
name: Nicolis, Stam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert equations for the evolution of the magnetization, in presence of an external torque, can be cast in the form of the Lorenz equations and, thus, can describe chaotic fluctuations. To study quantum effects, we describe the magnetization by matrices, that take values in a Lie algebra. The finite dimensionality of the representation encodes the quantum fluctuations, while the non-linear nature of the equations can describe chaotic fluctuations. We identify a criterion, for the appearance of such non-linear terms. This depends on whether an invariant, symmetric tensor of the algebra can vanish or not. This proposal is studied in detail for the fundamental representation of $\mathfrak{u}(2)=\mathfrak{u}(1)\times\mathfrak{su}(2)$. We find a knotted structure for the attractor, a bimodal distribution for the largest Lyapunov exponent and that the dynamics takes place within the Cartan subalgebra, that does not contain only the identity matrix, thereby can describe the quantum fluctuations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Uses jpconf style. Presented at the ICM-SQUARE 4 conference, Madrid, August 2014. The topic is a special case of the content of 1404.7774, currently under revision
(3784) Henry Merritt Harcourt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Réflexion sur l’évaluation des dispositifs de formations de type formel et informel à destination des adultes âgés
Creators: name: Ladjevardi, Leila
name: Gavens, Nathalie
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2014

description: Malgré l’existence de multiples formes d’offres de formation destinée à des adultes âgés, les démarches d’évaluation des actions de formation sont rares. Le présent texte propose une réflexion sur l’évaluation des dispositifs de formation chez les adultes âgés. Nous portons ici une réflexion d’ordre épistémologique sur des dispositifs et des pratiques de la formation, leur qualité et leur impact. Notre principale hypothèse est que la méthode informelle est une méthode plus adaptée au public âgé que la méthode de type formel. Nous soulignons la pertinence des liens sociaux comme un facteur favorisant dans le processus d’apprentissage des adultes âgés.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 1 (2014): Lernen und Entwicklung in der zweiten Lebenshälfte: Perspektiven und epistemologische Zugänge in Deutschland und Frankre
Combining high-dispersion spectroscopy (HDS) with high contrast imaging (HCI): Probing rocky planets around our nearest neighbors
Creators: name: Snellen, Ignas
name: de Kok, Remco
name: Birkby, Jayne
name: Brandl, Bernhard
name: Brogi, Matteo
name: Keller, Christoph
name: Kenworthy, Matthew
name: Schwarz, Henriette
name: Stuik, Remko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: In this work, we discuss a way to combine High Dispersion Spectroscopy and High Contrast Imaging (HDS+HCI). For a planet located at a resolvable angular distance from its host star, the starlight can be reduced up to several orders of magnitude using adaptive optics and/or coronography. In addition, the remaining starlight can be filtered out using high-dispersion spectroscopy, utilizing the significantly different (or Doppler shifted) high-dispersion spectra of the planet and star. In this way, HDS+HCI can in principle reach contrast limits of ~1e-5 x 1e-5, although in practice this will be limited by photon noise and/or sky-background. Methods: We present simulations of HDS+HCI observations with the E-ELT, both probing thermal emission from a planet at infrared wavelengths, and starlight reflected off a planet atmosphere at optical wavelengths. For the infrared simulations we use the baseline parameters of the E-ELT and METIS instrument, with the latter combining extreme adaptive optics with an R=100,000 IFS. We include realistic models of the adaptive optics performance and atmospheric transmission and emission. For the optical simulation we also assume R=100,000 IFS with adaptive optics capabilities at the E-ELT. Results: One night of HDS+HCI observations with the E-ELT at 4.8 um (d_lambda = 0.07 um) can detect a planet orbiting alpha Cen A with a radius of R=1.5 R_earth and a twin-Earth thermal spectrum of T_eq=300 K at a signal-to-noise (S/N) of 5. In the optical, with a Strehl ratio performance of 0.3, reflected light from an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri can be detected at a S/N of 10 in the same time frame. Recently, first HDS+HCI observations have shown the potential of this technique by determining the spin-rotation of the young massive exoplanet beta Pictoris b. [abridged]
description: 9 pages, A&A in press: A movie of the simulation can be found at http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/~snellen/simulation.mpeg