cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS IN CRANGON-CRANGON (CRUSTACEA-DECAPODA) DETECTED BY X-RAY MICROANALYSIS - SOME ASPECTS RELATED TO THE INTERMOLT CYCLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Elkaim, B.
name: Chassardbouchaud, C.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1978

Abstract
(396) Robert Sandeman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An implementation of Galactic white dwarf binary data analysis for MLDC-3.1
Creators: name: Lu, Yang
name: Li, En-Kun
name: Hu, Yi-Ming
name: Zhang, Jian-dong
name: Mei, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space-borne gravitational wave detectors will observe a large population of double white dwarf binaries in the Milky Way. However, the search for double white dwarfs in the gravitational wave data will be time-consuming due to the large number of templates involved and antenna response calculation. In this paper, we implement an iterative combinatorial algorithm to search for double white dwarfs in MLDC-3.1 data. To quickly determine the rough parameters of the target sources, the following algorithms are adopted in a coarse search process: (1) using the downsampling method to reduce the number of original data points; (2) using the undersampling method to speed up the generation of a single waveform template; (3) using the stochastic template bank method to quickly construct the waveform template bank while achieving high coverage of the parameter space; (4) Combining the FFT acceleration algorithm with the stochastic template bank to reduce the calculation time of a single template. A fine search process is applied to further determine the parameters of the signals based on the coarse search, for which we adopt the particle swarm optimization. Finally, we detected $\mathcal{O}(10^4)$ double white dwarf signals, validating the feasibility of our method.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Identifying Hadronic Molecular States with a Neural Network
Creators: name: Chen, Chang
name: Chen, Hao
name: Niu, Wen-Qi
name: Zheng, Han-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural networks are trained to judge whether or not an exotic state is a hadronic molecule of a given channel according its line-shapes. This method performs well in both trainings and validation tests. As applications, it is applied to study $X(3872)$, $X(4260)$ and $Z_c(3900)$. The results show that $Z_c(3900)$ should be regarded as a $\bar{D}^* D$ molecular state but $X(3872)$ not. As for $X(4260)$, it can not be a molecular state of $χ_{c0}ω$. Some discussions on $X_1(2900)$ are also provided.
description: Revised version published in EPJC, one author is added
Trends and racial disparities in mono, dual, and poly use of tobacco products among youth
Creators: name: Osman, A.
name: Heck, C.
name: Kowitt, S.D.
name: Goldstein, A.O.
name: Ranney, L.M.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: Introduction We examined racial disparities in mono, dual, and poly use of tobacco products including whether racial disparities changed over time. Methods We analyzed data on high school students from the North Carolina Youth Tobacco Survey collected in 2011, 2013, and 2015. Dual and poly use included use of two and three or more tobacco products, respectively, in the past month. Multinomial regression models assessed racial differences and changes over time in mono, dual, and poly use. Data include product combinations most commonly used by youth from different racial groups. Results In total, 24% (in 2011) and 26% (in 2013 and 2015) of students used tobacco products. No significant changes over time were observed in mono (12%) or dual use (6%). Poly use was 6%, 8%, and 7% in 2011, 2013, and 2015, respectively. Relative to nonuse of tobacco, White students had a higher relative risk than Blacks for mono use. Whites and Hispanics had a higher relative risk than Blacks for dual and poly use. Observed racial differences in tobacco use did not change over time. Types of tobacco products used varied by year and race. In 2015, e-cigarette was the most commonly used product among mono users from all racial groups. Conclusions Substantial racial variation persists over time in mono and multiple tobacco product use among North Carolina youth, including racial variation in the types of tobacco products used. Research and policy efforts should examine and eliminate factors that drive multiple tobacco use and racial disparities in use among youth. Implications This study reports on racial disparities in mono and multiple tobacco product use among youth. White and Hispanic youth have higher relative risk for dual and poly use of tobacco products than Black youth. In addition, significant racial variation exists in the types of tobacco products used among youth mono, dual, and poly users, with cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and e-cigarettes being the most commonly used products. Patterns of multiple tobacco product use vary by race and may warrant tailored prevention efforts. Strengthening tobacco control regulations for other tobacco products than cigarettes is critical to reduce multiple tobacco product use among youth.
title:  «Il Foro italiano» nella società dell’informazione
Creators: name: Fanelli, Onofrio
name: Pardolesi, Roberto
name: Scialoja, Michele
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Gli Autori ripercorrono la storia del Foro italiano dalla sua fondazione nel 1876 da parte di Enrico Scialoja, ai giorni nostri. La storia del Foro è stata caratterizzata da un costante miglioramento per rendere lo strumento adeguato alla “società dell’informazione”, e fornire una banca dati che renda del giurista con immediata e rapida, ma anche sistematica e selettiva
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Electron acceleration by cascading reconnection in the solar corona I Magnetic gradient and curvature effects
Creators: name: Zhou, X.
name: Büchner, J.
name: Barta, M.
name: Gan, W.
name: Liu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We investigate the electron acceleration in convective electric fields of cascading magnetic reconnection in a flaring solar corona and show the resulting hard X-ray (HXR) radiation spectra caused by Bremsstrahlung for the coronal source. Methods: We perform test particle calculation of electron motions in the framework of a guiding center approximation. The electromagnetic fields and their derivatives along electron trajectories are obtained by linearly interpolating the results of high-resolution adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) MHD simulations of cascading magnetic reconnection. Hard X-ray (HXR) spectra are calculated using an optically thin Bremsstrahlung model. Results: Magnetic gradients and curvatures in cascading reconnection current sheet accelerate electrons: trapped in magnetic islands, precipitating to the chromosphere and ejected into the interplanetary space. The final location of an electron is determined by its initial position, pitch angle and velocity. These initial conditions also influence electron acceleration efficiency. Most of electrons have enhanced perpendicular energy. Trapped electrons are considered to cause the observed bright spots along coronal mass ejection CME-trailing current sheets as well as the flare loop-top HXR emissions.
description: submitted to A&A
REMARQUES SUR QUELQUES ALDERINIDAE (BRYOZOAIRES CHILOSTOMES)
Creators: name: BOBIN, Geneviève
name: PRENANT, Marcel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1962

description: The authors have found in Roscoff, besides the common species Callopora lineata, the C. cratícula and C. discreta, northern forms, one of which still un- know on the french sea shores, the other one having been mentioned only at odd times. They complete the description of the latter one and precise the distinctive characters of the three Callopora. On the other hand, they stress specific differences between C. planum and C. tenuirostre which have been very often mixed up and which are, both of them, spread all over the MediterraneanSea as well as over other warm seas.
Valveless pumping at low Reynolds numbers
Creators: name: Gabriel, Amselem
name: Christophe, Clanet
name: Michael, Benzaquen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pumping at low Reynolds number is a ubiquitously encountered feature, both in biological organisms and engineered devices. Generating net flow requires the presence of an asymmetry in the system, which traditionally comes from geometric flow rectifiers. Here, we study a valveless system of $N$ oscillating pumps in series, where the asymmetry comes not from the geometry but from time, that is the phase shifts between the pumps. Experimental and theoretical results are in very good agreement. We provide the optimal phase shifts leading to the maximal net flow in the continuous $N\rightarrow \infty$ limit, larger by 25\% than that of a traditional peristaltic sinusoidal wave. Our results pave the way for the design of more efficient microfluidic pumps.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Bayesian Detection of Image Boundaries
Creators: name: Li, Meng
name: Ghosal, Subhashis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting boundary of an image based on noisy observations is a fundamental problem of image processing and image segmentation. For a $d$-dimensional image ($d = 2, 3, \ldots$), the boundary can often be described by a closed smooth $(d - 1)$-dimensional manifold. In this paper, we propose a nonparametric Bayesian approach based on priors indexed by $\mathbb{S}^{d - 1}$, the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^d$. We derive optimal posterior contraction rates using Gaussian processes or finite random series priors using basis functions such as trigonometric polynomials for 2-dimensional images and spherical harmonics for 3-dimensional images. For 2-dimensional images, we show a rescaled squared exponential Gaussian process on $\mathbb{S}^1$ achieves four goals of guaranteed geometric restriction, (nearly) minimax rate optimal and adaptive to the smoothness level, convenient for joint inference and computationally efficient. We conduct an extensive study of its reproducing kernel Hilbert space, which may be of interest by its own and can also be used in other contexts. Simulations confirm excellent performance of the proposed method and indicate its robustness under model misspecification at least under the simulated settings.
Effect of Diffusion on the Peak Value of Energy Loss Observed in a LArTPC
Creators: name: Putnam, Gray
name: Schmitz, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors observe ionization electrons to measure charged particle trajectories and energy. In a LArTPC, the long time ($\sim$ms) between when the ionization is produced and when it is collected means that diffusion can smear the charge by an amount comparable to the spatial resolution of the detector, given by the spacing between charge sensing channels ($\sim$mm). This smearing has an impact on the distribution of energy losses measured by each channel. In particular, the smearing increases the length of the charged particle trajectory observed by each channel, and therefore the most-probable-value (MPV) of particle energy loss recorded by that channel. We find, for example, that this effect shifts the MPV $dE/dx$ of a muon with an energy of 1 GeV by ${\sim}4$% for a 2 ms drift time and 4.7 mm wire spacing, as in the DUNE-FD LArTPC. This has implications for the energy-scale calibration and electron lifetime measurements in a LArTPC, which both use the MPV of the muon energy loss distribution as a "standard candle". The impact of diffusion on these calibrations is assessed.
Discomfort glare from daylight in classrooms
Creators: name: Viula, Raquel
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2022

description: Provision of daylight without the risk of discomfort glare is one of the aspects that determine the quality of the classroom environment. Although discomfort glare from daylight is under investigation for a long time, a knowledge gap concerning the applicability of the existing metrics to the spatial conditions of the classroom is identified in this work. An investigation on the applicability of existing metrics to the prediction of discomfort glare in classrooms has been carried out based on two experimental studies. The analysis shows that the existing metrics have poor predictive ability particularly in the sitting positions away from the window light source. A study is then carried out to investigate how can more appropriate predictive models of discomfort glare be developed, based on three different methods. A modification of the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) equation produced a significantly better discomfort glare model than any of the metrics that have been studied in this work. Following this finding, a new metric, DGPlog(Ev)new, is proposed. The produced metric suggests that discomfort glare in the classroom is better identified based on a range of equations for different sitting positions or that new variables that account for sitting position need to be included in a predictive model of discomfort glare for these spaces. A set of architectural design guidelines towards a discomfort glare free classroom is then proposed, based on the newly produced model and on the collected data.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 14 (2022): Discomfort glare from daylight in classrooms
Believability of cigarette warnings about addiction: National experiments of adolescents and adults
Creators: name: Jarman, K.L.
name: Noar, S.M.
name: Lazard, A.J.
name: Goldstein, A.O.
name: Huang, L.-L.
name: Kowitt, S.D.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: We conducted two experiments to examine the believability of three addictionfocused cigarette warnings and the influence of message source on believability among adolescents and adults in the United States. Methods: Experimental data were collected using national phone surveys of adolescents (age 13-17; n = 1125; response rate, 66%) and adults (age 18+; n = 5014; response rate, 42%). We assessed the believability of three cigarette warnings about addiction attributed to four message sources (Food and Drug Administration [FDA], Surgeon General, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], no source). Results: The majority of adolescents and adults reported the three cigarette warnings were very believable (49%-81% for adolescents; 47%-76% for adults). We found four to five times higher odds of adolescents believing a warning that cigarettes are addictive (warning 1) or that nicotine was an addictive chemical (warning 2) compared to a warning that differentiated the addictive risks of menthol versus traditional cigarettes (warning 3), warning 1 adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 4.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.10, 6.63; warning 2 aOR: 3.87, 95% CI: 2.70, 5.50. Similarly, we found three to five times higher odds of adults (including current smokers) believing the same warnings, warning 1 aOR: 3.74, 95% CI: 2.82, 4.95; warning 2 aOR: 3.24, 95% CI: 2.45, 4.28. Message source had no overall impact on the believability of warnings for either population. Conclusions: Our findings support the implementation of FDA's required warnings that cigarettes are addictive and that nicotine is an addictive chemical. These believable warnings may deter adolescents from initiating smoking and encourage adults to quit smoking. Implications: This article describes, for the first time, the believability of different cigarette warnings about addiction. We now know that the majority of adolescents and adults believe cigarette warnings that highlight cigarettes as addictive and that nicotine is an addictive chemical in tobacco. However, a warning that highlighted the relative risk of addiction for menthol cigarettes compared to traditional cigarettes was not as believable among either population. Our findings support the implementation of FDA's required warnings that cigarettes are addictive and that nicotine is an addictive chemical that may deter adolescents from initiating smoking and encourage adults to quit smoking.
Cigarette constituent health communications for smokers: Impact of chemical, imagery, and source
Creators: name: Goldstein, A.O.
name: Jarman, K.L.
name: Sheeran, P.
name: Noar, S.M.
name: Huang, L.-L.
name: Kowitt, S.D.
name: Ranney, L.M.
name: Schmidt, A.M.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Communication campaigns are incorporating tobacco constituent messaging to reach smokers, yet there is a dearth of research on how such messages should be constructed or will be received by smokers. Methods: In a 2 × 2 × 2 experiment, we manipulated three cigarette constituent message components: (1) the toxic constituent of tobacco (arsenic vs. lead) with a corresponding health effect, (2) the presence or absence of an evocative image, and (3) the source of the message (FDA vs. no source). We recruited smokers (N = 1669, 55.4% women) via an online platform and randomized them to one of the eight message conditions. Participants viewed the message and rated its believability and perceived effectiveness, the credibility of the message source, and action expectancies (ie, likelihood of seeking additional information and help with quitting as a result of seeing the message). Results: We found significant main effects of image, constituent, and source on outcomes. The use of arsenic as the constituent, the presence of an evocative image, and the FDA as the source increased the believability, source credibility, and perceived effectiveness of the tobacco constituent health message. Conclusions: Multiple elements of a constituent message, including type of constituent, imagery, and message source, impact their reception among smokers. Specifically, communication campaigns targeting smokers that utilize arsenic as the tobacco constituent, visual imagery, and the FDA logo may be particularly effective in changing key outcomes that are associated with subsequent attitude and behavioral changes. Implications: This article describes how components of communication campaigns about cigarette constituents are perceived. Multiple elements of a tobacco constituent message, including type of constituent, image, and message source may influence the reception of messages among current smokers. Communication campaigns targeting smokers that utilize arsenic as the tobacco constituent, visual imagery, and the FDA logo may be particularly effective in changing key outcomes among smokers. The effects of such campaigns should be examined, as well as the mechanisms through which such campaigns affect change.
ROLE DE LA GLANDE DE MUE DANS L'ÉVOLUTION OVARIENNE DU CRABE CARCINUS MAENAS LINNÉ
Creators: name: DÉMEUSY, Noëlle
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1962

description: This work is an essay about the consequences of the ablation of the Y—organ on the physiology of the ovary of the Crab Carcinus maenas Linné. Juvenile individuals’ Y—organs have been removed and the operated animals have been kept in breeding (running water and daily food) for a year. Some samples of operated specimens performed in periods increasing after the operation and the individuals dead during the breeding, have allowed the study of the macroscopic and microscopic aspect of the ovaries.
The results got in such a way are compared with those furnished by check individuals, bred in the same conditions. So juvenile females are noticed to react to the operation in a different way, according to their size, consequently to their age:
— The ones whose cephalothoracic length is more than 10 mm, though their general growth is stopped, pursue their ovarian development and enter into vitellogenesis.
— The ovaries of the ones whose length is less than 10 mm go also through a certain evolution, but they soon degenerate.
The duality of the reaction of the ovary is due to the different physiological state of this organ at the time when it is surprised by the operation. For the very young females, the Y—organ is necessary to a normal starting of the oogenesis. It seems it would interfere in the initial increase (multiplication) of the oogonian cells with its principle of growth.
Then it would be no longer necessary to the continuation of the process : the increase of the oocytes and the accumulation of vitellus corresponding to the vitellogenesis are effectively done in its absence, for the older juvenile females. In that case, the vitellogenesis offers two particularities: it is more precocious and it seems to be at once renewable without the ovary offering the typical phase of rest of the normal adult females.
title:  Interpretazione e clausole generali
Creators: name: Scoditti, Enrico
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: La clausola generale costituisce un ideale di norma mediante cui identificare la norma concreta di diritto. A quest’ultima vanno ricondotti i casi che presentano comuni elementi di fatto. La norma individuale non è posta, ma è solo accertata dal giudice, perché disciplina la condotta dei consociati prima dell’accertamento giudiziario. In materia di clausole generali viene meno la tradizionale distinzione fra giudizio di fatto e giudizio di diritto perché il fatto costituisce l’elemento materiale della norma concreta di diritto.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Mental Health in China: Stigma, Family Obligations, and the Potential of Peer Support
Creators: name: Kowitt, S.D.
name: Fisher, E.B.
name: Yu, S.
name: Li, G.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2018

description: Some people with mental illness in China do not receive treatment. We explored how stigma and familial obligation influenced accessibility of social support for patients with depression in China and the potential acceptability of peer support programs. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with five psychiatrists and 16 patients receiving care for depression from a large psychiatric hospital in Jining, Shandong Province of China. Patients with mental illness reported barriers that prevented them from (a) receiving treatment and (b) relying on informal social support from family members, including stigma, somatization, and community norms. Circumventing these barriers, peer support (i.e., support from others with depression) was viewed by patients as an acceptable means of exchanging information and relying on others for support. Formative research on peer support programs to examine programming and activities may help reduce the burden of unmet mental health care needs in China.
(398) William James Cree
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Generation of photovoltage in graphene on a femtosecond time scale through efficient carrier heating
Creators: name: Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan
name: Piatkowski, Lukasz
name: Massicotte, Mathieu
name: Woessner, Achim
name: Ma, Qiong
name: Lee, Yongjin
name: Myhro, Kevin Scott
name: Lau, Chun Ning
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
name: van Hulst, Niek F.
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene is a promising material for ultrafast and broadband photodetection. Earlier studies addressed the general operation of graphene-based photo-thermoelectric devices, and the switching speed, which is limited by the charge carrier cooling time, on the order of picoseconds. However, the generation of the photovoltage could occur at a much faster time scale, as it is associated with the carrier heating time. Here, we measure the photovoltage generation time and find it to be faster than 50 femtoseconds. As a proof-of-principle application of this ultrafast photodetector, we use graphene to directly measure, electrically, the pulse duration of a sub-50 femtosecond laser pulse. The observation that carrier heating is ultrafast suggests that energy from absorbed photons can be efficiently transferred to carrier heat. To study this, we examine the spectral response and find a constant spectral responsivity between 500 and 1500 nm. This is consistent with efficient electron heating. These results are promising for ultrafast femtosecond and broadband photodetector applications.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Dynamic Interventions for Networked Contagions
Creators: name: Papachristou, Marios
name: Banerjee, Siddhartha
name: Kleinberg, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of designing dynamic intervention policies for minimizing networked defaults in financial networks. Formally, we consider a dynamic version of the celebrated Eisenberg-Noe model of financial network liabilities and use this to study the design of external intervention policies. Our controller has a fixed resource budget in each round and can use this to minimize the effect of demand/supply shocks in the network. We formulate the optimal intervention problem as a Markov Decision Process and show how we can leverage the problem structure to efficiently compute optimal intervention policies with continuous interventions and provide approximation algorithms for discrete interventions. Going beyond financial networks, we argue that our model captures dynamic network intervention in a much broader class of dynamic demand/supply settings with networked inter-dependencies. To demonstrate this, we apply our intervention algorithms to various application domains, including ridesharing, online transaction platforms, and financial networks with agent mobility. In each case, we study the relationship between node centrality and intervention strength, as well as the fairness properties of the optimal interventions.
title:  Gestione della società per azioni e ruolo dell’organo assembleare
Creators: name: Silvetti, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Nell’ambito del grande tema relativo al potere di gestione della società per azioni, si offrono alcuni spunti utili alla verifica della sussistenza di una parte di quel potere in capo all’organo assembleare. Nonostante le principali previsioni codicistiche (artt. 2380-bis e 2364, 1° comma, n. 5, c.c.) sembrino relegare l’assemblea in posizione sostanzialmente aliena rispetto alla gestione della società, vi sono altre norme che continuano pur sempre a riservare all’assemblea poteri gestori talvolta significativi (definibili quali veri e propri “ritagli di competenze”). D’altra parte, dottrina e giurisprudenza hanno costantemente individuato – e tuttora individuano – ulteriori “spazi” riservati alla competenza assembleare, il cui terreno d’azione e le cui facoltà rispetto alla gestione della società potrebbero risultare, pertanto – anche a seconda delle dimensioni della società – persino più ampi di quanto il dettato legislativo suggerisca.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Counting RG flows
Creators: name: Gukov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpreting renormalization group flows as solitons interpolating between different fixed points, we ask various questions that are normally asked in soliton physics but not in renormalization theory. Can one count RG flows? Are there different "topological sectors" for RG flows? What is the moduli space of an RG flow, and how does it compare to familiar moduli spaces of (supersymmetric) dowain walls? Analyzing these questions in a wide variety of contexts --- from counting RG walls to AdS/CFT correspondence --- will not only provide favorable answers, but will also lead us to a unified general framework that is powerful enough to account for peculiar RG flows and predict new physical phenomena. Namely, using Bott's version of Morse theory we relate the topology of conformal manifolds to certain properties of RG flows that can be used as precise diagnostics and "topological obstructions" for the strong form of the C-theorem in any dimension. Moreover, this framework suggests a precise mechanism for how the violation of the strong C-theorem happens and predicts "phase transitions" along the RG flow when the topological obstruction is non-trivial. Along the way, we also find new conformal manifolds in well-known 4d CFT's and point out connections with the superconformal index and classifying spaces of global symmetry groups.
description: 39 pages. Please, send me examples of peculiar RG flows, especially the ones which do not appear to be (ac)counted in this framework
Combining the High Tech with the Soft Touch: Population Health Management Using eHealth and Peer Support
Creators: name: Tang, P.Y.
name: Peeples, M.
name: Duni, J.
name: Kowitt, S.D.
name: Fisher, E.B.
name: Peskin, S.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Integration of diverse approaches may offer paths to meeting population health challenges, such as how to provide ongoing diabetes self-management support to the 387 million people with the disease around the world. The Affordable Care Act challenges us to improve the health of whole populations, with an eye toward chronic diseases in particular. The centrality of highly variable human behavior provides enormous challenges to managing populations of those with chronic diseases. It requires reorienting resources within the health care system to address ongoing, effortful, and complex behaviors of patients amid strong competing priorities.
THE EFFECT OF COPPER ON THE TISSUE RESPIRATION OF THE CRAB CARCINUS MAENAS
Creators: name: KERKUT, G. A.
name: MUNDAY, K. A.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1962

description: 1. The in vitro respiration rates of four tissues from the crab Carcinus maenas were determined. The Q02 at 28°C are gill 5.31 ; heart 2.57 ; hepatopancreas 0.82; and thoracic ganglia 2.77 ; the values beingin [µl 02 mg dry weight-hr.
2. Various copper salts such as copper sulphate, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride,copper citrate, copper glycine, and copper-sodium-potassium tartrate were added to the isolated respiring tissues and found to increase the rate of respiration. The most effective were copper sulphate and copper-sodium-potassium tartrate.
3. Addition of 0.1 m. eq. of copper-sodium-potassium tartrate caused a 34%
decrease in respiration of the heart, 28% in the gills, 6% in the hepatopancreas and 3% for the thoracic ganglia.
4. Addition of 100 m. eq. caused tissue respiration for all tissues tested to be less than 50% of the normal rate.
5. The results are discussed in terms of the toxicity of copper solutions on the whole animal.
Should the legal age for tobacco be raised? Results from a national sample of adolescents
Creators: name: Kowitt, S.D.
name: Myers, A.E.
name: Schmidt, A.M.
name: Goldstein, A.O.
Publisher: name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Year: 2017

description: Raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products may reduce smoking initiation and save lives. In a national telephone survey (2014-2015), US adolescents aged 13 to 17 years (N = 1,125; response rate, 66%) were asked about raising the age of legal access to tobacco products and randomized to hear one of 3 ages (19, 20, or 21 y). Most adolescents, across all US regions, favored raising the minimum age of legal access to 19 (75.7%), 20 (80.6%), or 21 (76.4%). These supportive attitudes may be useful to tobacco prevention and control practitioners who seek to reduce tobacco use among adolescents.
Effective theory of Black Holes in the 1/D expansion
Creators: name: Emparan, Roberto
name: Shiromizu, Tetsuya
name: Suzuki, Ryotaku
name: Tanabe, Kentaro
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational field of a black hole is strongly localized near its horizon when the number of dimensions D is very large. In this limit, we can effectively replace the black hole with a surface in a background geometry (eg Minkowski or Anti-deSitter space). The Einstein equations determine the effective equations that this 'black hole surface' (or membrane) must satisfy. We obtain them up to next-to-leading order in 1/D for static black holes of the Einstein-(A)dS theory. To leading order, and also to next order in Minkowski backgrounds, the equations of the effective theory are the same as soap-film equations, possibly up to a redshift factor. In particular, the Schwarzschild black hole is recovered as a spherical soap bubble. Less trivially, we find solutions for 'black droplets', ie black holes localized at the boundary of AdS, and for non-uniform black strings.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures
Effects of framing proximal benefits of quitting and motivation to quit as a query on communications about tobacco constituents
Creators: name: Ranney, L.M.
name: Jarman, K.
name: Goldstein, A.O.
name: Kowitt, S.
name: Huang, L.-L.
name: Schmidt, A.M.
name: Sheeran, P.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: Little is known on how to communicate messages on tobacco constituents to tobacco users. This study manipulated three elements of a message in the context of a theorybased communication campaign about tobacco constituents: (1) latency of response efficacy (how soon expected health benefits would accrue), (2) self-efficacy (confidence about quitting), and (3) interrogative cue ("Ready to be tobacco-free?"). Methods: Smokers (N = 1669, 55.4% women) were recruited via an online platform, and were randomized to a 3 (Latency of response efficacy) × 2 (Self-efficacy) × 2 (Interrogative cue) factorial design. The dependent variables were believability, credibility, perceived effectiveness of the communication message, and action expectancies (likelihood of seeking additional information and help with quitting). Results: Latency of response efficacy influenced believability, perceived effectiveness, credibility, and action expectancies. In each case, scores were higher when specific health benefits were said to accrue within 1 month, as compared to general health benefits occurring in a few hours. The interrogative cue had a marginal positive effect on perceived effectiveness. The selfefficacy manipulation had no reliable effects, and there were no significant interactions among conditions. Conclusions: Smokers appear less persuaded by a communication message on constituents where general health benefits accrue immediately (within a few hours) than specific benefits over a longer timeframe (1 month). Additionally, smokers appeared to be more persuaded by messages with an interrogative cue. Such findings may help design more effective communication campaigns on tobacco constituents to smokers. Implications: This paper describes, for the first time, how components of tobacco constituent messages are perceived. We now know that smokers appear to be less persuaded by communication messages where general health benefits accrue immediately (within a few hours) than specific benefits over a longer timeframe (1 month). Additionally, including an interrogative cue ("Ready to be tobacco free?") may make messages more effective, whereas the self-efficacy manipulation designed to increase confidence about quitting had no effect. While messages were universally impactful across smoker subpopulations, everyday smokers and smokers with less trust in the government may be less receptive to communication campaigns.
Optimising the shape of photometric redshift distributions with clustering cross-correlations
Creators: name: Stölzner, Benjamin
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
name: Korn, Andreas
name: Collaboration, the LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optimisation method for the assignment of photometric galaxies into a chosen set of redshift bins. This is achieved by combining simulated annealing, an optimisation algorithm inspired by solid-state physics, with an unsupervised machine learning method, a self-organising map (SOM) of the observed colours of galaxies. Starting with a sample of galaxies that is divided into redshift bins based on a photometric redshift point estimate, the simulated annealing algorithm repeatedly reassigns SOM-selected subsamples of galaxies, which are close in colour, to alternative redshift bins. We optimise the clustering cross-correlation signal between photometric galaxies and a reference sample of galaxies with well-calibrated redshifts. Depending on the effect on the clustering signal, the reassignment is either accepted or rejected. By dynamically increasing the resolution of the SOM, the algorithm eventually converges to a solution that minimises the number of mismatched galaxies in each tomographic redshift bin and thus improves the compactness of their corresponding redshift distribution. This method is demonstrated on the synthetic LSST cosmoDC2 catalogue. We find a significant decrease in the fraction of catastrophic outliers in the redshift distribution in all tomographic bins, most notably in the highest redshift bin with a decrease in the outlier fraction from 57 per cent to 16 per cent.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, version accepted by MNRAS
X-ray Scattering Echoes and Ghost Halos from the Intergalactic Medium: Relation to the nature of AGN variability
Creators: name: Corrales, Lia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray bright quasars might be used to trace dust in the circumgalactic and intergalactic medium through the phenomenon of X-ray scattering, which is observed around Galactic objects whose light passes through a sufficient column of interstellar gas and dust. Of particular interest is the abundance of grey dust larger than 0.1 um, which is difficult to detect at other wavelengths. To calculate X-ray scattering from large grains, one must abandon the traditional Rayleigh-Gans approximation. The Mie solution for the X-ray scattering optical depth of the Universe is ~1%. This presents a great difficulty for distinguishing dust scattered photons from the point source image of Chandra, which is currently unsurpassed in imaging resolution. The variable nature of AGN offers a solution to this problem, as scattered light takes a longer path and thus experiences a time delay with respect to non-scattered light. If an AGN dims significantly (> 3 dex) due to a major feedback event, the Chandra point source image will be suppressed relative to the scattering halo, and an X-ray echo or ghost halo may become visible. I estimate the total number of scattering echoes visible by Chandra over the entire sky: N_ech ~ 10^3 (nu_fb / yr^-1), where nu_fb is the characteristic frequency of feedback events capable of dimming an AGN quickly.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
title:  Il danno tanatologico e la ricerca del vero precedente. A proposito di una risalente pronuncia della Cassazione del Regno
Creators: name: Simone, Roberto
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Il tema del danno tanatologico su cui di recente sono intervenute le Sezioni unite trova la sua radice in una risalente pronuncia del 1925, in base alla quale non è possibile attribuire ai sopravvissuti per titolo ereditario quello che non spettava al de cuius prima di morire. Sta di fatto che il principio di diritto all’epoca fu enunciato con riferimento alle pretese di natura patrimoniale azionate dai sopravvissuti e, quindi, non ha alcuna attinenza con l’odierno problema del risarcimento del danno non patrimoniale della vita, che può trovare una più articolata risposta nell’ambito della riscoperta della duplice funzione compensativa e deterrente della responsabilità civile.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
(393) Isabella Sandeman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Double parton scattering at high energies
Creators: name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a few examples of rich newly developing field of double parton scattering. We start our presentation from production of two pairs of charm quark-antiquark and argue that it is the golden reaction to study the double parton scattering effects. In addition to the DPS we consider briefly also mechanism of single parton scattering and show that it gives much smaller contribution to the $c \bar c c \bar c$ final state. Next we discuss a perturbative parton-splitting mechanism which should be included in addition to the conventional DPS mechanism. We show that the presence of this mechanism unavoidably leads to collision energy and other kinematical variables dependence of so-called $σ_{eff}$ parameter being extracted from different experiments. Next we briefly discuss production of four jets. We concentrate on estimation of the contribution of DPS for jets remote in rapidity. Understanding of this contribution is very important in the context of searches for BFKL effects known under the the name Mueller-Navelet jets. We discuss the situation in a more general context. Finally we briefly mention about DPS effects in production of $W^+ W^-$. Outlook closes the presentation.
description: 23 pages, 21 figures, 1 table, a short review talk at EPHIPHANY2015, conference on Future High Energy Colliders
(394) John Sandeman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Weighted Green functions for complex Hessian operators
Creators: name: Elaini, Hadhami
name: Zeriahi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C45, 32U15, 32U40, 32W20, 35J66, 35J96

description: Let $1\leq m\leq n$ be two fixed integers. Let $Ω\Subset \mathbb C^n$ be a bounded $m$-hyperconvex domain and $\mathcal A \subset Ω\times ]0,+ \infty[$ a finite set of weighted poles. We define and study properties of the $m$-subharmonic Green function of $Ω$ with prescribed behaviour near the weighted set $A$. In particular we prove uniform continuity of the exponential Green function in both variables $(z,\mathcal A)$ in the metric space $\bar Ω\times \mathcal F$, where $\mathcal F$ is a suitable family of sets of weighted poles in $Ω\times ]0,+ \infty[$ endowed with the Hausdorff distance. Moreover we give a precise estimates on its modulus of continuity. Our results generalize and improve previous results concerning the pluricomplex Green function du to P. Lelong.
description: 31 pages