cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability of charged scalar hair on a Reissner-Nordström black hole
Creators: name: Shafeeque, Muhammed
name: Nandy, Malay K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Israel-Carter theorem (also known as the "no-hair theorem") puts a restriction on the existence of parameters other than mass, electric charge, and angular momentum of a black hole. In this context, Bekenstein proposed no-hair theorems in various black hole models with neutral and electrically charged scalar fields.
 In this paper, we take the Einstein-Maxwell-charged scalar model with an electrically charged scalar field gauge-coupled to the Maxwell field surrounding a charged black hole with a static spherically symmetric metric. In particular, we consider a quadratic scalar potential without any higher order terms and we do not impose any restriction on the magnitude of the scalar charge with respect to the black hole charge.
 With this setting, we ascertain the validity of all energy conditions coupled with the causality condition, suggesting the possibility of existence of charged hairy solutions. Consequently, we obtain, by exact numerical integration, detailed solutions of the field equations that incorporate backreaction on the spacetime due to the presence of the charged scalar field. The solutions exhibit damped oscillatory behaviours for the charged scalar hair. We also find that the electric potential is a monotonic function of the radial coordinate, as required by electrodynamics.
 In order to ascertain the existence of our charged hairy solutions, we carry out dynamic stability analyses against time-dependant perturbations about the static solutions. For a definite conclusion, we employ two different methodologies. The first methodology involves a Sturm-Liouville equation, whereas the second methodology employs a Schrödinger-like equation, for the dynamic perturbations. We find that our solutions are stable against time-dependant perturbations by both methodologies, confirming the existence of the charged hairy solutions.
Postprocessing of point predictions for probabilistic forecasting of day-ahead electricity prices: The benefits of using isotonic distributional regression
Creators: name: Lipiecki, Arkadiusz
name: Uniejewski, Bartosz
name: Weron, Rafał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Operational decisions relying on predictive distributions of electricity prices can result in significantly higher profits compared to those based solely on point forecasts. However, the majority of models developed in both academic and industrial settings provide only point predictions. To address this, we examine three postprocessing methods for converting point forecasts of day-ahead electricity prices into probabilistic ones: Quantile Regression Averaging, Conformal Prediction, and the recently introduced Isotonic Distributional Regression. We find that while the latter demonstrates the most varied behavior, it contributes the most to the ensemble of the three predictive distributions, as measured by Shapley values. Remarkably, the performance of the combination is superior to that of state-of-the-art Distributional Deep Neural Networks over two 4.5-year test periods from the German and Spanish power markets, spanning the COVID pandemic and the war in Ukraine.
Nonthermal Synchrotron and Synchrotron Self-Compton Emission from GRBs: Predictions for {\em Swift} and {\em GLAST}
Creators: name: Finke, Justin
name: Dermer, Charles
name: Boettcher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of a leptonic jet model for the prompt emission and early afterglows of GRBs are presented. The synchrotron component is modeled with the canonical Band spectrum and the synchrotron self-Compton component is calculated from the implied synchrotron-emitting electron spectrum in a relativistic plasma blob. In the comoving frame the magnetic field is assumed to be tangled and the electron and photon distributions are assumed to be isotropic. The Compton-scattered spectrum is calculated using the full Compton cross-section in the Thomson through Klein-Nishina using the Jones formula. Pair production photoabsorption, both from ambient radiation in the jet and from the extragalactic background light (EBL), is taken into account. Results are presented as a function of a small set of parameters: the Doppler factor, the observed variability timescale, the comoving magnetic field, the peak synchrotron flux, and the redshift of the burst. Model predictions will be tested by multiwavelength observations, including the {\em Swift} and {\em GLAST} satellites, which will provide unprecedented coverage of GRBs.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Poster at GRB 2007, Santa Fe, New Mexico
Radio Scrutiny of the X-ray-Weak Tail of Low-Mass Active Galactic Nuclei: A Novel Signature of High-Eddington Accretion?
Creators: name: Paul, Jeremiah D.
name: Plotkin, Richard M.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Ellis, Christopher H.
name: Gallo, Elena
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Kimball, Amy E.
name: Haggard, Daryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supermassive black holes ($M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^{6}$$-$$10^{10}~M_\odot$) that power luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs), i.e., quasars, generally show a correlation between thermal disk emission in the ultraviolet (UV) and coronal emission in hard X-rays. In contrast, some "massive" black holes (mBHs; $M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^{5}$$-$$10^{6}~M_\odot$) in low-mass galaxies present curious X-ray properties with coronal radiative output up to 100$\times$ weaker than expected. To examine this issue, we present a pilot study incorporating Very Large Array radio observations of a sample of 18 high-accretion-rate (Eddington ratios $L_{\rm bol}/L_{\rm Edd} > 0.1$), mBH-powered AGNs ($M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^{6}~M_\odot$) with Chandra X-ray coverage. Empirical correlations previously revealed in samples of radio-quiet, high-Eddington AGNs indicate that the radio$-$X-ray luminosity ratio, $L_{\rm R}/L_{\rm X}$, is approximately constant. Through multiwavelength analysis, we instead find that the X-ray-weaker mBHs in our sample tend toward larger values of $L_{\rm R}/L_{\rm X}$ even though they remain radio-quiet per their optical$-$UV properties. This trend results in a tentative but highly intriguing correlation between $L_{\rm R}/L_{\rm X}$ and X-ray weakness, which we argue is consistent with a scenario in which X-rays may be preferentially obscured from our line of sight by a "slim" accretion disk. We compare this observation to weak emission-line quasars (AGNs with exceptionally weak broad-line emission and a significant X-ray-weak fraction) and conclude by suggesting that our results may offer a new observational signature for finding high-accretion-rate AGNs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 26 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Identification of the Heat Transfer Coefficient Using an Inverse Heat Conduction Model
Creators: name: Pyatkov, Sergey Grigorievich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30 (Primary) 35R25, 35K57 (Secondary)

description: Inverse problems of recovering heat transfer coefficient from integral measurements are considered. The heat transfer coefficient occurs in the transmission conditions of imperfect contact type or the Robin type boundary conditions.
 It is representable as a finite part of the Fourier series with time dependent coefficients. The additional measurements are integrals of a solution multiplied by some weights.
 Existence and uniqueness of solutions in Sobolev classes are proven and the conditions on the data are sharp. These conditions include smoothness and consistency conditions on the data and additional conditions on the kernels of the integral operators used in additional measurements. The proof relies on a priori bounds and the contraction mapping principle. The existence and uniqueness theorems are local in time.
description: 17 pages
Neutralino Dark Matter and the Curvaton
Creators: name: Lemoine, Martin
name: Martin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build a realistic model of curvaton cosmology, in which the energy content is described by radiation, WIMP dark matter and a curvaton component. We calculate the curvature and isocurvature perturbations, allowing for arbitrary initial density perturbations in all fluids, following all species and their perturbations from the onset of dark matter freeze-out onto well after curvaton decay. We provide detailed numerical evaluations as well as analytical formulae which agree well with the latter. We find that substantial isocurvature perturbations, as measured relatively to the total curvature perturbation, can be produced even if the curvaton energy density is well underdominant when it decays; high precision measurements of cosmic microwave background anisotropies may thus open a window on underdominant decoupled species in the pre-nucleosynthesis early Universe. We also find that in a large part of parameter space, curvaton decay produces enough dark matter particles to restore WIMP annihilations, leading to the partial erasure of any pre-existing dark matter - radiation isocurvature perturbation.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. Version to appear in PRD (minor changes)
Coexistence diameter in two-dimensional colloid-polymer mixtures
Creators: name: Vink, R. L. C.
name: Wensink, H. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the law of the rectilinear coexistence diameter in two-dimensional (2D) mixtures of non-spherical colloids and non-adsorbing polymers is violated. Upon approach of the critical point, the diameter shows logarithmic singular behavior governed by a term t ln(t), with t the relative distance from the critical point. No sign of a term t^2b could be detected, with b the critical exponent of the order parameter, indicating a very weak or absent Yang-Yang anomaly. Our analysis thus reveals that non-spherical particle shape alone is not sufficient for the formation of a pronounced Yang-Yang anomaly in the critical behavior of fluids.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E (R)
Multiscale Dynamical Scenario of High-mass Star Formation in an IRDC Filament G34
Creators: name: Pan, Sirong
name: Liu, Hong-Li
name: Qin, Sheng-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing evidence that high-mass star formation (HMSF) is a multiscale, dynamical process in molecular clouds, where filaments transport gas material between larger and smaller scales. We analyze here multiscale gas dynamics in an HMSF filamentary cloud, G034.43+00.24 (G34), using APEX observations of the C18O (2-1), HCO+/H13CO+ (3-2), and HCN/H13CN (3-2) lines. We find large-scale, filament-aligned velocity gradients from C18O emission, which drive filamentary gas inflows onto dense clumps in the middle ridge of G34. The nature of these inflows is gravity driven. We also find clump-scale gas infall in the middle ridge of the MM2, MM4, and MM5 clumps from other lines. Their gas infall rates could depend on large-scale filamentary gas inflows since the infall/inflow rates on these two scales are comparable. We confirm that the multiscale, dynamical HMSF scenario is at work in G34. It could be driven by gravity up to the filament scale, beyond which turbulence originating from several sources, including gravity, could be in effect in G34.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, published at ApJ. The link at https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad10ac
A Survey of Optimization-based Task and Motion Planning: From Classical To Learning Approaches
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhigen
name: Cheng, Shuo
name: Ding, Yan
name: Zhou, Ziyi
name: Zhang, Shiqi
name: Xu, Danfei
name: Zhao, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Task and Motion Planning (TAMP) integrates high-level task planning and low-level motion planning to equip robots with the autonomy to effectively reason over long-horizon, dynamic tasks. Optimization-based TAMP focuses on hybrid optimization approaches that define goal conditions via objective functions and are capable of handling open-ended goals, robotic dynamics, and physical interaction between the robot and the environment. Therefore, optimization-based TAMP is particularly suited to solve highly complex, contact-rich locomotion and manipulation problems. This survey provides a comprehensive review on optimization-based TAMP, covering (i) planning domain representations, including action description languages and temporal logic, (ii) individual solution strategies for components of TAMP, including AI planning and trajectory optimization (TO), and (iii) the dynamic interplay between logic-based task planning and model-based TO. A particular focus of this survey is to highlight the algorithm structures to efficiently solve TAMP, especially hierarchical and distributed approaches. Additionally, the survey emphasizes the synergy between the classical methods and contemporary learning-based innovations such as large language models. Furthermore, the future research directions for TAMP is discussed in this survey, highlighting both algorithmic and application-specific challenges.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, published at IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
Quantum critical dynamics in a spinor Hubbard model quantum simulator
Creators: name: Austin, J. O.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Shaw, Z. N.
name: Mahmud, K. W.
name: Liu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) strongly correlated many-body systems, especially their dynamics across quantum phase transitions, are prohibitively difficult to be numerically simulated. We experimentally demonstrate that such complex many-body dynamics can be efficiently studied in a 3D spinor Bose-Hubbard model quantum simulator, consisting of antiferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensates confined in cubic optical lattices. We find novel dynamics and scaling effects beyond the scope of existing theories at superfluid-insulator quantum phase transitions and highlight spin populations as a new observable to probe the quantum critical dynamics. Our data indicate that the scaling exponents are independent of the nature of the quantum phase transitions. We also conduct numerical simulations in lower dimensions using time-dependent Gutzwiller approximations, which qualitatively describe our observations.
The Intergalactic Propagation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Nuclei: An Analytic Approach
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
name: Sarkar, Subir
name: Taylor, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is likely that ultra-high energy cosmic rays contain a significant component of heavy or intermediate mass nuclei. The propagation of ultra-high energy nuclei through cosmic radiation backgrounds is more complicated than that of protons and its study has required the use of Monte Carlo techniques. We present an analytic method for calculating the spectrum and the composition at Earth of ultra-high energy cosmic rays which start out as heavy nuclei from their extragalactic sources. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained using numerical methods.
description: accepted for publication in Phys Rev D
Higher N-point Amplitudes in Open Superstring Theory
Creators: name: Barreiro, L. A.
name: Medina, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report on recent progress in the calculation of open superstring scattering amplitudes, at tree level, with more than four external massless states. We also report on the corresponding terms in the low energy effective lagrangian.
description: JHEP style. To be published in the Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics (IC2006), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 24-28 April, 2006
On the performance of a highly-scalable Computational Fluid Dynamics code on AMD, ARM and Intel processors
Creators: name: Ouro, Pablo
name: Lopez-Novoa, Unai
name: Guest, Martyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No area of computing is hungrier for performance than High Performance Computing (HPC), the demands of which continue to be a major driver for processor performance and adoption of accelerators, and also advances in memory, storage, and networking technologies. A key feature of the Intel processor domination of the past decade has been the extensive adoption of GPUs as coprocessors, whilst more recent developments have seen the increased availability of a number of CPU processors, including the novel ARM-based chips. This paper analyses the performance and scalability of a state-of-the-art Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code on three HPC cluster systems equipped with AMD EPYC-Rome (EPYC, 4096 cores), ARM-based Marvell ThunderX2 (TX2, 8192 cores) and Intel Skylake (SKL, 8000 cores) processors. Three benchmark cases are designed with increasing computation-to-communication ratio and numerical complexity, namely lid-driven cavity flow, Taylor-Green vortex and a travelling solitary wave using the level-set method, adopted with $4^{th}$-order central-differences or a $5^{th}$-order WENO scheme. Our results show that the EPYC cluster delivers the best code performance for all the setups under consideration. In the first two benchmarks, the SKL cluster demonstrates faster computing times than the TX2 system, whilst in the solitary wave simulations, the TX2 cluster achieves good scalability and similar performance to the EPYC system, both improving on that obtained with the SKL cluster. These results suggest that while the Intel SKL cores deliver the best strong scalability, the associated cluster performance is lower compared to the EPYC system. The TX2 cluster performance is promising considering its recent addition to the HPC portfolio.
Base de datos de artículos sobre Machine Learning en la predicción del rendimiento académico: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura.
Creators: name: Aguilar, Manuel
name: Campos Bueno, Diego Aldahir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 321109
subject: Predictive and prognostic markers

description: Base de datos de Zotero con la información sobre Machine learning en la predicción del rendimiento académico: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura.
Spin-orbit coupling in curved graphene, fullerenes, nanotubes, and nanotube caps
Creators: name: Huertas-Hernando, D.
name: Guinea, F.
name: Brataas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A continuum model for the effective spin orbit interaction in graphene is derived from a tight-binding model which includes the $π$ and $σ$ bands. We analyze the combined effects of the intra-atomic spin-orbit coupling, curvature, and applied electric field, using perturbation theory. We recover the effective spin-orbit Hamiltonian derived recently from group theoretical arguments by Kane and Mele. We find, for flat graphene, that the intrinsic spin-orbit coupling $\Hi \propto Δ^ 2$ and the Rashba coupling due to a perpendicular electric field ${\cal E}$, $Δ_{\cal E} \propto Δ$, where $Δ$ is the intra-atomic spin-orbit coupling constant for carbon. Moreover we show that local curvature of the graphene sheet induces an extra spin-orbit coupling term $Δ_{\rm curv} \propto Δ$. For the values of $\cal E$ and curvature profile reported in actual samples of graphene, we find that $\Hi < Δ_{\cal E} \lesssim Δ_{\rm curv}$. The effect of spin-orbit coupling on derived materials of graphene, like fullerenes, nanotubes, and nanotube caps, is also studied. For fullerenes, only $\Hi$ is important. Both for nanotubes and nanotube caps $Δ_{\rm curv}$ is in the order of a few Kelvins. We reproduce the known appearance of a gap and spin-splitting in the energy spectrum of nanotubes due to the spin-orbit coupling. For nanotube caps, spin-orbit coupling causes spin-splitting of the localized states at the cap, which could allow spin-dependent field-effect emission.
description: Final version. Published in Physical Review B
Five-body $D\to V$ Semileptonic Decays
Creators: name: Yu, Yechun
name: Zhang, Han
name: Ke, Bai-Cian
name: Yu, Yao
name: Xiong, Zhuang
name: Zhang, Jia-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our main objective is to derive the decay rate for the semileptonic decays $D\to V\ell^+ν_{\ell}\,(\ell=e,μ)$, where $V$ represents a vector particle. In these decays, the vector particle $V$ decays into three pseudo-scalar particles. To accomplish this, we evaluate the phase-space factor for the five-body decay with a set of eight independent variables which uniquely define a point in the phase space. We further conduct a detailed investigation of the $D\to ω\ell^+ν_{\ell}$, where $ω$ subsequently decays into $π^+π^-π^0$, within the Standard Model and in a general effective field theory description of the weak interactions at low energies. The outcomes of this study have potential applications in the measurement of $D\to ω$ form factors. These measurements can be performed using data obtained from BESIII.
XMM-Newton study of X-ray sources in the field of Willman 1 dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: Saeedi, Sara
name: Sasaki, Manami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the analysis of three XMM-Newton observations of the Willman 1 dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Wil 1). X-ray sources are classified on the basis of spectral analysis, hardness ratios, X-ray-to-optical flux ratio, X-ray variability, plus cross-correlation with available catalogues in optical and infrared wavelengths. We catalogued 97 sources in the field of Wil 1. Our classification shows the presence of a $β$-type symbiotic star in Wil 1. We classified one M dwarf foreground star in the field of Wil 1. Moreover, fifty-four sources are classified as background AGNs and galaxies. Our study shows that the luminosity of the X-ray sources of Wil 1 does not exceed $\sim$10$^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in the energy range of 0.2--12.0 keV, which is similar to observed luminosities of sources in nearby dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
description: 20 pages, 10 Figures, Accepted MNRAS 11 September 2020
View Distribution Alignment with Progressive Adversarial Learning for UAV Visual Geo-Localization
Creators: name: Liu, Cuiwei
name: Liu, Jiahao
name: Qiu, Huaijun
name: Li, Zhaokui
name: Shi, Xiangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) visual geo-localization aims to match images of the same geographic target captured from different views, i.e., the UAV view and the satellite view. It is very challenging due to the large appearance differences in UAV-satellite image pairs. Previous works map images captured by UAVs and satellites to a shared feature space and employ a classification framework to learn location-dependent features while neglecting the overall distribution shift between the UAV view and the satellite view. In this paper, we address these limitations by introducing distribution alignment of the two views to shorten their distance in a common space. Specifically, we propose an end-to-end network, called PVDA (Progressive View Distribution Alignment). During training, feature encoder, location classifier, and view discriminator are jointly optimized by a novel progressive adversarial learning strategy. Competition between feature encoder and view discriminator prompts both of them to be stronger. It turns out that the adversarial learning is progressively emphasized until UAV-view images are indistinguishable from satellite-view images. As a result, the proposed PVDA becomes powerful in learning location-dependent yet view-invariant features with good scalability towards unseen images of new locations. Compared to the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed PVDA requires less inference time but has achieved superior performance on the University-1652 dataset.
description: 12 pages
Underwater Augmented Reality for improving the diving experience in submerged archaeological sites
Creators: name: Bruno, Fabio
name: Barbieri, Loris
name: Mangeruga, Marino
name: Cozza, Marco
name: Lagudi, Antonio
name: Čejka, Jan
name: Liarokapis, Fotis
name: Skarlatos, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Mediterranean Sea has a vast maritime heritage which exploitation is made difficult because of the many limitations imposed by the submerged environment. Archaeological diving tours, in fact, suffer from the impossibility to provide underwater an exhaustive explanation of the submerged remains. Furthermore, low visibility conditions, due to water turbidity and biological colonization, sometimes make very confusing for tourists to find their way around in the underwater archaeological site. To this end, the paper investigates the feasibility and potentials of the underwater Augmented Reality (UWAR) technologies developed in the iMARECulture project for improving the experience of the divers that visit the Underwater Archaeological Park of Baiae (Naples). In particular, the paper presents two UWAR technologies that adopt hybrid tracking techniques to perform an augmented visualization of the actual conditions and of a hypothetical 3D reconstruction of the archaeological remains as appeared in the past. The first one integrates a marker-based tracking with inertial sensors, while the second one adopts a markerless approach that integrates acoustic localization and visual-inertial odometry. The experimentations show that the proposed UWAR technologies could contribute to have a better comprehension of the underwater site and its archaeological remains.
Non-perturbative renormalization of the static axial current in two-flavour QCD
Creators: name: Della Morte, Michele
name: Fritzsch, Patrick
name: Heitger, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the non-perturbative renormalization of matrix elements of the static-light axial current by a computation of its scale dependence in lattice QCD with two flavours of massless O(a) improved Wilson quarks. The regularization independent factor that relates any running renormalized matrix element of the axial current in the static effective theory to the renormalization group invariant one is evaluated in the Schroedinger functional scheme, where in this case we find a significant deviation of the non-perturbative running from the perturbative prediction. An important technical ingredient to improve the precision of the results consists in the use of modified discretizations of the static quark action introduced earlier by our collaboration. As an illustration how to apply the renormalization of the static axial current presented here, we connect the bare matrix element of the current to the B_s-meson decay constant in the static approximation for one value of the lattice spacing, a ~ 0.08 fm, employing large-volume N_f=2 data at beta=5.3.
description: 33 pages including figures and tables, latex2e, uses JHEP3.cls; version published in JHEP, small additions, results unchanged
Quasiparton distributions in massive QED2: Toward quantum computation
Creators: name: Grieninger, Sebastian
name: Ikeda, Kazuki
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the quasi-parton distributions of the lightest $η'$ meson in massive two-dimensional Quantum electrodynamics (QED2) by performing a digital quantum simulation on a classical computer (exact diagonalization). The Hamiltonian and boost operators are mapped onto spin qubits in a spatial lattice with open boundary conditions. The lowest excited state in the exact diagonalization is shown to interpolate continuously between an anomalous $η'$ state at strong coupling,and a non-anomalous heavy meson at weak coupling, with a cusp at the critical point. The boosted $η'$ state follows relativistic kinematics but with large deviations in the luminal limit. The spatial quasi-parton distribution function and amplitude for the $η'$ state are computed numerically for increasing rapidity both at strong and weak coupling, and compared to the exact light front results. The numerical results from the boosted form of the spatial parton distributions, compare fairly with the inverse Fourier transformation of the luminal parton distributions, derived in the lowest Fock space approximation. Our analysis points out some of the limitations facing the current lattice program for the parton distributions.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; v2: matches version published in PRD; title change to conform with APS conventions
Real-Time Human Fall Detection using a Lightweight Pose Estimation Technique
Creators: name: Alam, Ekram
name: Sufian, Abu
name: Dutta, Paramartha
name: Leo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The elderly population is increasing rapidly around the world. There are no enough caretakers for them. Use of AI-based in-home medical care systems is gaining momentum due to this. Human fall detection is one of the most important tasks of medical care system for the aged people. Human fall is a common problem among elderly people. Detection of a fall and providing medical help as early as possible is very important to reduce any further complexity. The chances of death and other medical complications can be reduced by detecting and providing medical help as early as possible after the fall. There are many state-of-the-art fall detection techniques available these days, but the majority of them need very high computing power. In this paper, we proposed a lightweight and fast human fall detection system using pose estimation. We used `Movenet' for human joins key-points extraction. Our proposed method can work in real-time on any low-computing device with any basic camera. All computation can be processed locally, so there is no problem of privacy of the subject. We used two datasets `GMDCSA' and `URFD' for the experiment. We got the sensitivity value of 0.9375 and 0.9167 for the dataset `GMDCSA' and `URFD' respectively. The source code and the dataset GMDCSA of our work are available online to access.
Flux periodic oscillations and phase-coherent transport in GeTe nanowire-based devices
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinzhong
name: Tse, Pok-Lam
name: Jalil, Abdur-Rehman
name: Kölzer, Jonas
name: Rosenbach, Daniel
name: Luysberg, Martina
name: Panaitov, Gregory
name: Lüth, Hans
name: Hu, Zhigao
name: Grützmacher, Detlev
name: Lu, Jia Grace
name: Schäpers, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the fact that GeTe is known to be a very interesting material for applications in thermoelectrics and for phase-change memories, the knowledge on its low-temperature transport properties is only limited. Here, we report on phase-coherent phenomena in the magnetotransport of GeTe nanowires. From universal conductance fluctuations, a phase-coherence length of about 200nm at 0.5K is determined for the hole carriers. The distinct phase-coherence is confirmed by the observation of Aharonov--Bohm type oscillations for magnetic fields applied along the nanowire axis. We interpret the occurrence of these magnetic flux-periodic oscillations by the formation of a tubular hole accumulation layer on the nanowire surface. In addition, for Nb/GeTe-nanowire/Nb Josephson junctions, we obtained a proximity-induced critical current of about 0.2$μ$A at 0.4K. By applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the nanowire axis, the critical current decreases monotonously with increasing magnetic field, which indicates that the structure is in the small-junction-limit. Whereas, by applying a parallel magnetic field the critical current oscillates with a period of the magnetic flux quantum indicating once again the presence of a tubular hole channel.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Confinement controls the creep rate in soft granular packings
Creators: name: Dijksman, Joshua A.
name: Mullin, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flow in soft materials encompasses a wide range of viscous, plastic and elastic phenomena which provide challenges to modelling at the microscopic level. To create a controlled flow, we perform falling ball viscometry tests on packings of soft, frictionless hydrogel spheres. Systematic creep flow is found when a controlled driving stress is applied to a sinking sphere embedded in a packing. Here, we take the novel approach of applying an additional global confinement stress to the packing using an external load. This has enabled us to identify two distinct creep regimes. When confinement stress is small, the creep rate is independent of the load imposed. For larger confinement stresses, we find that the creep rate is set by the mechanical load acting on the packing. In the latter regime, the creep rate depends exponentially on the imposed stress. We can combine the two regimes via a rescaling onto a master curve, capturing the creep rate over five orders of magnitude. Our results indicate that bulk creep phenomena in these soft materials can be subtly controlled using an external mechanical force.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Spontaneous Emission of Vector Vortex Beams
Creators: name: Schanne, Domitille
name: Suffit, Stéphan
name: Filloux, Pascal
name: Lhuillier, Emmanuel
name: Degiron, Aloyse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harnessing the spontaneous emission of incoherent quantum emitters is one of the hallmarks of nano-optics. Yet, an enduring challenge remains-making them emit vector beams, which are complex forms of light associated with fruitful developments in fluorescence imaging, optical trapping and high-speed telecommunications. Vector beams are characterized by spatially varying polarization states whose construction requires coherence properties that are typically possessed by lasers-but not by photons produced by spontaneous emission. Here, we show a route to weave the spontaneous emission of an ensemble of colloidal quantum dots into vector beams. To this end, we use holographic nanostructures that impart the necessary spatial coherence, polarization and topological properties to the light originating from the emitters. We focus our demonstration on vector vortex beams, which are chiral vector beams carrying non-zero orbital angular momentum, and argue that our approach can be extended to other forms of vectorial light.
Kaon pair production close to threshold
Creators: name: Winter, P.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Adam, H. -H.
name: Budzanowski, A.
name: Czyzykiewicz, R.
name: Grzonka, D.
name: Janusz, M.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Kilian, K.
name: Klaja, P.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Oelert, W.
name: Piskor-Ignatowicz, C.
name: Przerwa, J.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Rozek, T.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Siemaszko, M.
name: Smyrski, J.
name: Taschner, A.
name: Wustner, P.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Zipper, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total cross section of the reaction pp->ppK+K- has been measured at excess energies Q=10 MeV and 28 MeV with the magnetic spectrometer COSY-11. The new data show a significant enhancement of the total cross section compared to pure phase space expectations or calculations within a one boson exchange model. In addition, we present invariant mass spectra of two particle subsystems. While the K+K- system is rather constant for different invariant masses, there is an enhancement in the pK- system towards lower masses which could at least be partially connected to the influence of the Lambda(1405) resonance.
description: accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
A lightweight design for serverless Function-as-a-Service
Creators: name: Long, Ju
name: Tai, Hung-Ying
name: Hsieh, Shen-Ta
name: Yuan, Michael Juntao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: FaaS (Function as a Service) allows developers to upload and execute code in the cloud without managing servers. FaaS offerings from leading public cloud providers are based on system microVM or application container technologies such as Firecracker or Docker. In this paper, we demonstrate that lightweight high-level runtimes, such as WebAssembly, could offer performance and scaling advantages over existing solutions, and could enable finely-grained pay-as-you-use business models. We compared widely used performance benchmarks between Docker native and WebAssembly implementations of the same algorithms. We also discuss the barriers for WebAssembly adoption in serverless computing, such as the lack of tooling support.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, in IEEE Software, 2020
Novel analytical solutions to a new formed model of the (2+1)-dimensional BKP equation using a novel expansion technique
Creators: name: Mia, Rajib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we present a comprehensive analytical study to obtain the exact traveling wave solutions to a new formed model of the (2+1)-dimensional BKP equation. We construct exact solutions of the considered model using a recently developed expansion technique. This current proposed technique has been successfully implemented to obtain a few exact solutions of a new formed (2+1)-dimensional BKP equation. In order to understand the physical interpretation of solutions effectively, the 2D and 3D graphs are plotted for each type of the solutions obtained for different particular values of the parameters. Furthermore, it is found that the obtained solutions are periodic and solitary wave solutions. We anticipate that the proposed method is reliable and can be applied for obtaining wave solutions of the other nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs).
description: Accepted , 9 pages, 4 figures
Factors restricting plant growth in a boreal forest understory: a field test of the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors
Creators: name: Arii, Ken
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study tests some of the conflicting predictions made by Grime (1977, 1979) and Tilman (1982, 1988) on how competition intensity changes along a gradient of nutrient availability. This was tested by applying three levels of nutrients (fertilizer treatments) and by varying the amount of neighbors present (competition treatments) in a factorial design using five common herbaceous species found in the boreal forest understory (Achillea millefolium, Anemone parviflora, Festuca altaica, Lupinus arcticus, Mertensia paniculata). Competition intensity indices (CI) were calculated from the final biomass and leaf number for each species at all fertility levels. Addition of fertilizer significantly increased biomass and leaf number of A. millefolium and F. altaica. Anemone parviflora had high mortality in fertilized plots, while L. arcticus and M. paniculata did not respond to fertilizer treatments. None of the species responded significantly to the varying amounts of neighbors present in the natural habitat. Competition intensity (CI) values were not significantly different from zero at any of the fertility levels for three out of the four species used to calculate CI. The results support neither of the original predictions made by Grime nor Tilman. However, the lack of response by these species is consistent with another of Grime's predictions based on his arguments about the evolution of stress-tolerance: i.e. his so-called 'stress-tolerant' species adapted to live in habitats of extremely low resource availability.
Diversity's Double-Edged Sword: Analyzing Race's Effect on Remote Pair Programming Interactions
Creators: name: Mason, Shandler A.
name: Kuttal, Sandeep Kaur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Remote pair programming is widely used in software development, but no research has examined how race affects these interactions. We embarked on this study due to the historical under representation of Black developers in the tech industry, with White developers comprising the majority. Our study involved 24 experienced developers, forming 12 gender-balanced same- and mixed-race pairs. Pairs collaborated on a programming task using the think-aloud method, followed by individual retrospective interviews. Our findings revealed elevated productivity scores for mixed-race pairs, with no differences in code quality between same- and mixed-race pairs. Mixed-race pairs excelled in task distribution, shared decision-making, and role-exchange but encountered communication challenges, discomfort, and anxiety, shedding light on the complexity of diversity dynamics. Our study emphasizes race's impact on remote pair programming and underscores the need for diverse tools and methods to address racial disparities for collaboration.
A Multi-Expert Large Language Model Architecture for Verilog Code Generation
Creators: name: Nadimi, Bardia
name: Zheng, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, there has been a surging interest in using large language models (LLMs) for Verilog code generation. However, the existing approaches are limited in terms of the quality of the generated Verilog code. To address such limitations, this paper introduces an innovative multi-expert LLM architecture for Verilog code generation (MEV-LLM). Our architecture uniquely integrates multiple LLMs, each specifically fine-tuned with a dataset that is categorized with respect to a distinct level of design complexity. It allows more targeted learning, directly addressing the nuances of generating Verilog code for each category. Empirical evidence from experiments highlights notable improvements in terms of the percentage of generated Verilog outputs that are syntactically and functionally correct. These findings underscore the efficacy of our approach, promising a forward leap in the field of automated hardware design through machine learning.
Quantum control by von Neumann measurements
Creators: name: Pechen, Alexander
name: Il'in, Nikolai
name: Shuang, Feng
name: Rabitz, Herschel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general scheme is presented for controlling quantum systems using evolution driven by non-selective von Neumann measurements, with or without an additional tailored electromagnetic field. As an example, a 2-level quantum system controlled by non-selective quantum measurements is considered. The control goal is to find optimal system observables such that consecutive non-selective measurement of these observables transforms the system from a given initial state into a state which maximizes the expected value of a target operator (the objective). A complete analytical solution is found including explicit expressions for the optimal measured observables and for the maximal objective value given any target operator, any initial system density matrix, and any number of measurements. As an illustration, upper bounds on measurement-induced population transfer between the ground and the excited states for any number of measurements are found. The anti-Zeno effect is recovered in the limit of an infinite number of measurements. In this limit the system becomes completely controllable. The results establish the degree of control attainable by a finite number of measurements.
The dipper light curve of V715 Per: is there dust in the magnetosphere?
Creators: name: Nagel, Erick
name: Bouvier, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dipper optical light curves in young stellar objects are commonly interpreted as partial or total occultation of the stellar radiation by dust surrounding the star. In this work, we analyze the amplitude of the optical light curve of V715 Per, located in the young star forming region IC 348. Observations gathered over the years suggest that the light curve can be explained by dust extinction events. In our model, the dust is distributed inside the magnetosphere according to the strength of the stellar magnetic field. The dust distribution is modulated by the vertical component of the field, whose axis is misaligned with respect to the rotational axis. We include a model for the evaporation of the dust reaching the magnetosphere in order to consistently calculate its distribution. For V715 Per, there is dust in the optically thick warp at the disk truncation radius. We suggest that the optical light curve is explained by extinction caused by dust reaching inside the magnetosphere. The dust distribution is optically thin and due to the high temperature and low density, it cannot survive for a long time. However because the grains rapidly move towards the stellar surface and the sublimation is not instantaneous, there is a layer of dust covering the magnetosphere responsible for the extinction. Dust surviving the harsh conditions of the magnetospheric accretion flow may be responsible for some of the dipper light curves.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics 20 pages, 7 figures