cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GRAPH NEURAL NETWORKS BASED ON MULTI-RATE SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION FOR BEARING FAULT DIAGNOSIS.pdf
Creators: name: Zhu, Guanhua
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deep learning

description: Roller bearings are the common components used in the mechanical systems for mechanical processing and production. The running state of roller bearings often determines the machining accuracy and productivity on a manufacturing line. Roller bearing failure may lead to the shutdown of production lines, resulting in serious economic losses. Therefore, the research on roller bearing fault diagnosis has a great value. This thesis research first proposes a method of signal frequency spectral resampling to tackle the problem of bearing fault detection at different rotating speeds using a single speed dataset for training the network such as the one dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN). Second, this research work proposes a technique to connect the graph structures constructed from spectral components of the different bearing fault frequency bands into a sparse graph structure, so that the fault identification can be carried out effectively through a graph neural network in terms of the computation load and classification rate. Finally, the frequency spectral resampling method for feature extraction is validated using our self-collected datasets. The performance of the graph neural network with our proposed sparse graph structure is validated using the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) dataset as well as our self-collected datasets. The results show that our proposed method achieves higher bearing fault classification accuracy than those recently proposed by other researchers using machine learning approaches and neural networks.
Approximate solution to the CGHS field equations for two-dimensional evaporating black holes
Creators: name: Ori, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Callan, Giddings, Harvey and Strominger (CGHS) previously introduced a two-dimensional semiclassical model of gravity coupled to a dilaton and to matter fields. Their model yields a system of field equations which may describe the formation of a black hole in gravitational collapse as well as its subsequent evaporation. Here we present an approximate analytical solution to the semiclassical CGHS field equations. This solution is constructed using the recently-introduced formalism of flux-conserving hyperbolic systems. We also explore the asymptotic behavior at the horizon of the evaporating black hole.
Datenschutz durch Technikgestaltung für Genomdaten
Creators: name: Kawohl, Claudia
name: C01ankr
name: Marnau, Ninja
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Klinische genetische Tests und Endverbraucher-Genetik, wie sie z.B. von 23andme angeboten wird, sind auf dem Weg zum Massenmarkt. Im Umfeld der klinischen Genetik haben die Patienten jedoch oft kaum Kontrolle über ihre eigenen genetischen Daten, während viele der am Markt tätigen privaten Anbieter von Genanalysen einer Vielzahl von Datenschutzbedenken begegnen. Der Artikel 25 DSGVO bietet in diesem Kontext nun gesetzliche Anreize, durch datenschutzfreundliche Technikgestaltung die Kontrolle über die Verwendung ihrer genetischen Daten in die Hände der Patienten zu legen.
Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die interdisziplinäre Forschung zu Datenschutz durch Technikgestaltung auf Basis neuer Verfahren speziell für medizinische Daten. Wir stellen rechtliche und technische Überlegungen einer interdisziplinären Forschungsstudie von Rechtswissenschaftlern, Medizinern und Informatikern vor. Das gemeinsam entwickelte Systemdesign für eine sichere Forschungsplattform für Genomdaten unter der Kontrolle der Patienten ist geeignet, die Anforderungen der DSGVO insbesondere an Datenminimierung und Zweckbindung mit Hilfe kryptographischer Verfahren innovativ umzusetzen.
Gravothermal collapse of isolated self-interacting dark matter haloes: N-body simulation versus the fluid model
Creators: name: Koda, Jun
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-Interacting Dark Matter (SIDM) is a collisional form of cold dark matter (CDM), originally proposed to solve problems that arose when the collisionless CDM theory of structure formation was compared with observations of galaxies on small scales. The quantitative impact of the proposed elastic collisions on structure formation has been estimated previously by Monte Carlo N-body simulations and by a conducting fluid model, with apparently diverging results. To improve this situation, we make direct comparisons between new Monte Carlo N-body simulations and solutions of the conducting fluid model, for isolated SIDM haloes of fixed mass. This allows us to separate cleanly the effects of gravothermal relaxation from those of continuous mass accretion in an expanding background universe. When these two methods were previously applied to halo formation with cosmological boundary conditions, they disagreed by an order of magnitude about the size of the scattering cross section required to solve the so-called 'cusp-core problem.' We show here, however, that the methods agree with each other within 20 per cent for isolated haloes. This suggests that the two methods are consistent, and that their disagreement for cosmological haloes is not caused by a breakdown of their validity. The isolated haloes studied here undergo gravothermal collapse. We compare the solutions calculated by these two methods for gravothermal collapse starting from several initial conditions. This allows us to calibrate the heat conduction which accounts for the effect of elastic hard-sphere scattering in the fluid model. The amount of tuning of the thermal conductivity parameters required to bring the two methods into close agreement for isolated haloes, however, is too small to explain the discrepancy found previously in the cosmological context.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Monitoring hyperproperties
Creators: name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Hahn, Christopher
name: Stenger, Marvin
name: Tentrup, Leander
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Hyperproperties, such as non-interference and observational determinism, relate multiple system executions to each other. They are not expressible in standard temporal logics, like LTL, CTL, and CTL*, and thus cannot be monitored with standard runtime verification techniques. HyperLTL extends linear-time temporal logic (LTL) with explicit quantification over traces in order to express hyperproperties. We investigate the runtime verification problem of HyperLTL formulas for three different input models: (1) The parallel model, where a fixed number of system executions is processed in parallel. (2) The unbounded sequential model, where system executions are processed sequentially, one execution at a time. In this model, the number of incoming executions is a-priori unbounded and may in fact grow forever. (3) The bounded sequential model where the traces are processed sequentially and the number of incoming executions is bounded. We show that the existence of a bound in the parallel and bounded sequential models leads to a different notion of monitorability than in the unbounded sequential model. We show that deciding the monitoriability problem for alternation-free HyperLTL is PSPACE-complete while the problem is undecidable in general. For every input model, we provide monitoring algorithms along with run-time and storage optimizations. By recognizing properties of specifications such as reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity, we reduce the number of comparisons between traces. For the sequential models, we present a technique that minimizes the number of traces that need to be stored. We evaluate our optimizations, showing that this leads to a more scalable monitoring and, in particular, a significantly lower memory consumption.
Monitoring hyperproperties
Creators: name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: C01chha
name: Stenger, Marvin
name: Tentrup, Leander
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Hyperproperties, such as non-interference and observational determinism, relate multiple system executions to each other. They are not expressible in standard temporal logics, like LTL, CTL, and CTL*, and thus cannot be monitored with standard runtime verification techniques. HyperLTL extends linear-time temporal logic (LTL) with explicit quantification over traces in order to express hyperproperties. We investigate the runtime verification problem of HyperLTL formulas for three different input models: (1) The parallel model, where a fixed number of system executions is processed in parallel. (2) The unbounded sequential model, where system executions are processed sequentially, one execution at a time. In this model, the number of incoming executions is a-priori unbounded and may in fact grow forever. (3) The bounded sequential model where the traces are processed sequentially and the number of incoming executions is bounded. We show that the existence of a bound in the parallel and bounded sequential models leads to a different notion of monitorability than in the unbounded sequential model. We show that deciding the monitoriability problem for alternation-free HyperLTL is PSPACE-complete while the problem is undecidable in general. For every input model, we provide monitoring algorithms along with run-time and storage optimizations. By recognizing properties of specifications such as reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity, we reduce the number of comparisons between traces. For the sequential models, we present a technique that minimizes the number of traces that need to be stored. We evaluate our optimizations, showing that this leads to a more scalable monitoring and, in particular, a significantly lower memory consumption.
Coarse grained dynamics of the freely cooling granular gas in one dimension
Creators: name: Shinde, Mahendra
name: Das, Dibyendu
name: Rajesh, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics and structure of clusters in the inhomogeneous clustered regime of a freely cooling granular gas of point particles in one dimension. The coefficient of restitution is modeled as $r_0<1$ or 1 depending on whether the relative speed is greater or smaller than a velocity scale $δ$. The effective fragmentation rate of a cluster is shown to rise sharply beyond a $δ$ dependent time scale. This crossover is coincident with the velocity fluctuations within a cluster becoming order $δ$. Beyond this crossover time, the cluster size distribution develops a nontrivial power law distribution, whose scaling properties are related to those of the velocity fluctuations. We argue that these underlying features are responsible behind the recently observed nontrivial coarsening behaviour in the one dimensional freely cooling granular gas.
description: 7 Pages, 9 Figures
Gravito-electromagnetic Aharonov-Bohm effect: some rotation effects revised
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Matteo Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the description of the standard relative dynamics in terms of gravito-electromagnetic fields, in the context of natural splitting, we formally introduce the gravito-magnetic Aharonov-Bohm effect. Then, we interpret the Sagnac effect as a gravito-magnetic Aharonov-Bohm effect and we exploit this formalism for studying the General Relativistic corrections to the Sagnac effect in stationary and axially symmetric geometries.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, in in Proceedings of Analysis, Manifolds and Geometric Structures in Physics, International Conference in Honour of Y. Choquet-Bruhat, June 2004, Isola d'Elba, Italy
MOESM2 of Diagnostic value of serum soluble triggering expressed receptor on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1) in suspected sepsis: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chang, Wei
name: Peng, Fei
name: Meng, Shan-Shan
name: Xu, Jing-Yuan
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2. Data extraction and study quality assessment protocol.
title: Geophysics combined with Petrography – a promising approach for 3D crystalline basement characterization?
Creators: name: Müller, Christian Olaf
name: Zeug, Manuela
name: Malz, Alexander
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
High-grade metamorphic and plutonic rocks in crystalline complexes are of increasing interest as host rock for geothermal plays and for understanding plate tectonics. In this regard the Pretzsch-Prettin Crystalline Complex (PPCC, Saxony-Anhalt) as a part of the Mid German Crystalline Rise is one prominent example of a late-orogenic intrusion in the former Rheic Suture Zone. Former 2D geophysical investigations focussing on the setting and outline of the PPCC remained ambiguous and suggested a combined interpretation with other geoscientific disciplines.

Recently, we applied a 3D geophysical and geological modelling to the PPCC incorporating well data, seismic depth maps and gravity data. 3D gravity modelling revealed important information on the general geological setting of the overburden and basement depth, but did not allow detailed interpretation in areas of similar basement density. Limiting the generally ambiguous gravity modelling results required incorporation of petrographic data like rock composition from thin sections and density measurements at rock samples, which were linked to the modelled density zones of the basement.

This approach revealed first evidence of a northward extension of the comparable low density monzogranites to granodiorites of the PPCC into the North German Basin. Quartz monzonites and monzodiorites with up to 25 % biotite and amphibole agree with up to 0.15 g/cm³ higher basement densities in the surrounding of the PPCC. Generally, incorporating petrographic data into the gravity modelling process enabled us to better confine zones of different crystalline compositions, which might be applicable to other areas.
After the applause : audience responses of parents through a/r/tographical scripting
Creators: name: Foster, Avril
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: In this study I examine the experiences of parents who viewed three collaborative plays based on personal narrative. Drawing from the body of literature on audience response and parent spectatorship, this research uses complementary arts-based methods of A/r/tography and Research-based Theatre to collect interview data and playwrite coded findings. True to the nature of A/r/tography, attention is given to the spaces in between spectator recollections by transforming tensions into a playscript entitled: Meet the Parents. The main conflicts in the scripted play rise out of five key tensions in the findings: closure, purpose, exchange, agency, and witnessing. Meet the Parents weaves snippets of student scripts with parent monologues to address a disconnect between educational theatre and the response it provokes. A post-script discussion provides additional analysis of the spectrum of experiences. I argue that artistically engaging with the five key tensions activates a conversation cut short by lack of audience agency. This study creates a piece of Research-based Theatre to reactivate dialogue by bringing parent voices out of the dark auditorium and into dramatic engagement with teens’ authentic stories.
The Hierarchy of Hyperlogics
Creators: name: Coenen, Norine
name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Hahn, Christopher
name: Hofmann, Jana
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Hyperproperties, which generalize trace properties by relating multiple traces, are widely studied in information-flow security. Recently, a number of logics for hyperproperties have been proposed, and there is a need to understand their decidability and relative expressiveness. The new logics have been obtained from standard logics with two principal extensions: temporal logics, like LTL and CTL∗, have been generalized to hyperproperties by adding variables for traces or paths. First-order and second-order logics, like monadic first-order logic of order and MSO, have been extended with the equal-level predicate. We study the impact of the two extensions across the spectrum of linear-time and branching-time logics, in particular for logics with quantification over propositions. The resulting hierarchy of hyperlogics differs significantly from the classical hierarchy, suggesting that the equal-level predicate adds more expressiveness than trace and path variables. Within the hierarchy of hyperlogics, we identify new boundaries on the decidability of the satisfiability problem. Specifically, we show that while HyperQPTL and HyperCTL∗ are both undecidable in general, formulas within their ∃∗∀∗ fragments are decidable.
Universality of the melting curves for a wide range of interaction potentials
Creators: name: Khrapak, Sergey A.
name: Chaudhuri, Manis
name: Morfill, Gregor E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the melting curves of various model systems of interacting particles collapse to (or are located very close to) a universal master curve on a plane of appropriately chosen scaled variables. The physics behind this universality is discussed. An equation for the emerging "universal melting curve" is proposed. The obtained results can be used to approximately predict melting of various substances in a wide range of conditions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The Hierarchy of Hyperlogics
Creators: name: Coenen, Norine
name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: C01chha
name: Hofmann, Jana
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Hyperproperties, which generalize trace properties by relating multiple traces, are widely studied in information-flow security. Recently, a number of logics for hyperproperties have been proposed, and there is a need to understand their decidability and relative expressiveness. The new logics have been obtained from standard logics with two principal extensions: temporal logics, like LTL and CTL∗, have been generalized to hyperproperties by adding variables for traces or paths. First-order and second-order logics, like monadic first-order logic of order and MSO, have been extended with the equal-level predicate. We study the impact of the two extensions across the spectrum of linear-time and branching-time logics, in particular for logics with quantification over propositions. The resulting hierarchy of hyperlogics differs significantly from the classical hierarchy, suggesting that the equal-level predicate adds more expressiveness than trace and path variables. Within the hierarchy of hyperlogics, we identify new boundaries on the decidability of the satisfiability problem. Specifically, we show that while HyperQPTL and HyperCTL∗ are both undecidable in general, formulas within their ∃∗∀∗ fragments are decidable.
Worldwide elevation layer in 30 seconds spatial resolution
Creators: name: Coca-de-la-Iglesia, Marina
name: Medina, Nagore G.
name: Valcárcel, Virginia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Elevation
WorldClim 2.1
Altitude
TIFF
GIS

description: This repository contains the "Elevation_WorldClim_30sec" file, spatial layer elaborated from WorldClim 2.1 elevation variables (Fick and Hijmans, 2017). We used "Combine" tool in QGIS (QGIS Development Team, 2021) to merge all the 60 files availables in WorldClim 2.1 and cover a worldwide range. Then, we exported the resulting layer in raster format (.tif). The projection assigned to the raster layer is global datum WGS 84 (EPSG: 4326), with a spatial resolution of 30 seconds (~1 km2).
description: This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness [CGL2017-87198-P] and the Spanish Ministry of Science an Innovation [PID2019-106840GA-C22]. M. Coca de la Iglesia was supported by the Youth Employment Initiative of European Social Fund and Community of Madrid [PEJ-2017-AI-AMB-6636 and CAM_2020_PEJD-2019-11 PRE/AMB-15871].
description: {"references": ["Fick, S.E. and R.J. Hijmans, 2017. WorldClim 2: new 1km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 37 (12): 4302-4315.", "QGIS Development Team. 2021. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project."]}
Missing Power vs low-l Alignments in the Cosmic Microwave Background: No Correlation in the Standard Cosmological Model
Creators: name: Sarkar, Devdeep
name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Copi, Craig J.
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On large angular scales (greater than about 60 degrees), the two-point angular correlation function of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), as measured (outside of the plane of the Galaxy) by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, shows significantly lower large-angle correlations than expected from the standard inflationary cosmological model. Furthermore, when derived from the full CMB sky, the two lowest cosmologically interesting multipoles, the quadrupole (l=2) and the octopole (l=3), are unexpectedly aligned with each other. Using randomly generated full-sky and cut-sky maps, we investigate whether these anomalies are correlated at a statistically significant level. We conclusively demonstrate that, assuming Gaussian random and statistically isotropic CMB anisotropies, there is no statistically significant correlation between the missing power on large angular scales in the CMB and the alignment of the l=2 and l=3 multipoles. The chance to measure the sky with both such a lack of large-angle correlation and such an alignment of the low multipoles is thus quantified to be below 10^{-6}.
description: 4 Pages, 1 Figure
Is FIDO2 the Kingslayer of User Authentication? A Comparative Usability Study of FIDO2 Passwordless Authentication
Creators: name: Lyastani, Sanam Ghorbani
name: Schilling, Michael
name: Neumayr, Michaela
name: Backes, Michael
name: Bugiel, Sven
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The newest contender for succeeding passwords as the incumbent web authentication scheme is the FIDO2 standard. Jointly developed and backed by the FIDO Alliance and the W3C, FIDO2 has found support in virtually every browser, finds increasing support by service providers, and has adoptions beyond browser-software on its way. While it supports MFA and 2FA, its single-factor, passwordless authentication with security tokens has received the bulk of attention and was hailed by its supporters and the media as the solution that will replace text-passwords on the web. Despite its obvious security and deployability benefits—a setting that no prior solution had in this strong combination—the paradigm shift from a familiar knowledge factor to purely a possession factor raises questions about the acceptance of passwordless authentication by end-users.

This paper presents the first large-scale lab study of FIDO2 single-factor authentication to collect insights about end-users' perception, acceptance, and concerns about passwordless authentication. Through hands-on tasks our participants gather first-hand experience with passwordless authentication using a security key, which they afterwards reflect on in a survey. Our results show that users are willing to accept a direct replacement of text-based passwords with a security key for single-factor authentication. That is an encouraging result in the quest to replace passwords. But, our results also identify new concerns that can potentially hinder the widespread adoption of FIDO2 passwordless authentication. In order to mitigate these factors, we derive concrete recommendations to try to help in the ongoing proliferation of passwordless authentication on the web.
Additional file 1 of Performance of case definitions and clinical predictors for influenza surveillance among patients followed in a rural cohort in Senegal
Creators: name: Barry, Mamadou Aliou
name: Arinal, Florent
name: Cheikh Talla
name: Hedible, Boris Gildas
name: Fatoumata Diene Sarr
name: Ba, Ibrahim Oumar
name: Boly Diop
name: Ndongo Dia
name: Vray, Muriel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Checklist criteria for 4S sentinel site selection
CHR(PRISM)-based Probabilistic Logic Learning
Creators: name: Sneyers, Jon
name: Meert, Wannes
name: Vennekens, Joost
name: Kameya, Yoshitaka
name: Sato, Taisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.6; D.3.1; F.3.2; G.3

description: PRISM is an extension of Prolog with probabilistic predicates and built-in support for expectation-maximization learning. Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) is a high-level programming language based on multi-headed multiset rewrite rules. In this paper, we introduce a new probabilistic logic formalism, called CHRiSM, based on a combination of CHR and PRISM. It can be used for high-level rapid prototyping of complex statistical models by means of "chance rules". The underlying PRISM system can then be used for several probabilistic inference tasks, including probability computation and parameter learning. We define the CHRiSM language in terms of syntax and operational semantics, and illustrate it with examples. We define the notion of ambiguous programs and define a distribution semantics for unambiguous programs. Next, we describe an implementation of CHRiSM, based on CHR(PRISM). We discuss the relation between CHRiSM and other probabilistic logic programming languages, in particular PCHR. Finally we identify potential application domains.
Additional file 1 of A multi-method exploration into the social networks of young teenagers and their physical activity behavior
Creators: name: Montgomery, Shannon C.
name: Donnelly, Michael
name: Badham, Jennifer
name: Kee, Frank
name: Dunne, Laura
name: Hunter, Ruth F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Is FIDO2 the Kingslayer of User Authentication? A Comparative Usability Study of FIDO2 Passwordless Authentication
Creators: name: Lyastani, Sanam Ghorbani
name: Michael.Schilling
name: Michaela.Neumayr
name: Backes, Michael
name: Bugiel, Sven
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The newest contender for succeeding passwords as the incumbent web authentication scheme is the FIDO2 standard. Jointly developed and backed by the FIDO Alliance and the W3C, FIDO2 has found support in virtually every browser, finds increasing support by service providers, and has adoptions beyond browser-software on its way. While it supports MFA and 2FA, its single-factor, passwordless authentication with security tokens has received the bulk of attention and was hailed by its supporters and the media as the solution that will replace text-passwords on the web. Despite its obvious security and deployability benefits—a setting that no prior solution had in this strong combination—the paradigm shift from a familiar knowledge factor to purely a possession factor raises questions about the acceptance of passwordless authentication by end-users.

This paper presents the first large-scale lab study of FIDO2 single-factor authentication to collect insights about end-users' perception, acceptance, and concerns about passwordless authentication. Through hands-on tasks our participants gather first-hand experience with passwordless authentication using a security key, which they afterwards reflect on in a survey. Our results show that users are willing to accept a direct replacement of text-based passwords with a security key for single-factor authentication. That is an encouraging result in the quest to replace passwords. But, our results also identify new concerns that can potentially hinder the widespread adoption of FIDO2 passwordless authentication. In order to mitigate these factors, we derive concrete recommendations to try to help in the ongoing proliferation of passwordless authentication on the web.
SARS-CoV-2 infection paralyzes cytotoxic and metabolic functions of the immune cells
Creators: name: Singh, Yogesh
name: Trautwein, Christoph
name: Fendel, Rolf
name: Krickeberg, Naomi
name: Berezhnoy, Georgy
name: Bissinger, Rosi
name: Ossowski, Stephan
name: Salker, Madhuri S
name: Casadei, Nicolas
name: Riess, Olaf
name: Initiate, Deutsche COVID-19 OMICS
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Synthetic Biology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Metabolism
Computational & Systems Biology

description: No description supplied
title: Stress state estimation – variability assessment of model results
Creators: name: Reiter, Karsten
name: Heidbach, Oliver
name: Ziegler, Moritz
name: Giger, Silvio
name: Garrard, Rodney
name: Desroches, Jean
name: Fjær, Erling
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The upper crust of the Earth is used more and more to transport and extract raw materials and energy. It is also used for the final disposal of radioactive waste in deep geological repositories. An accurate knowledge of the hosting rock and surrounding formation coupled to comprehensive modelling are fundamental to demonstrate the geological site has the required properties for safe and long-term underground storage. Besides other criteria, geomechanics plays an important role. Especially, the estimation of the contemporary stress state in the upper crust is a challenge. In-situ data of maximum and minimum horizontal stress magnitudes (SHmax and Shmin) are required to calibrate 3-D geomechanical models.

During the recent exploration phase for a deep geological repository for radioactive waste in Switzerland, a unique dataset of stress magnitude data has been acquired from eight cored boreholes. Rock mechanical properties were constrained from geophysical logging and laboratory testing. The empirically correlated rock properties were not simply averaged, but a probability distribution was provided. The stress field was explored by conducting more than 120 tests in different stratigraphic units, to estimate the magnitudes of SHmax and Shmin.

We present the results of a 3‑D geomechanical-numerical model that shows the best-fit with respect to the measured stress magnitudes. Considering the uncertainties of the tests and the ones resulting from rock property variability, the model can reproduce most of the measurements. However, we do show not only the best-fit result, but a bandwidth of individual stress components within a P05-P95 probability range.
Meta-analytical study: On Affective Modulation of the Congruency Sequence Effect
Creators: name: Schroeder, Philipp A.
name: Cramer, Felix
name: Dignath, David
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: While Emotion and Cognition are commonly treated as natural antagonists, researchers of
different fields are interested in their interplay. Recent psychological experiments suggest that emotions are involved in cognitive control.
Several approaches have been made to show affective modulations of congruency sequence effects (CSEs) experimentally and explain them theoretically. The mixed findings raise the need for a meta-analytic review of the existing literature and evidence. Thus, we here synthesize studies on cognitive control that experimentally manipulated tonic or phasic affect in a multi-level meta-analytical approach.
Analysis of MOST light curves of five young stars in Taurus-Auriga and Lupus 3 Star Forming Regions
Creators: name: Siwak, Michal
name: Rucinski, Slavek M.
name: Matthews, Jaymie M.
name: Kuschnig, Rainer
name: Guenther, David B.
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Sasselov, Dimitar
name: Weiss, Werner W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous photometric observations of five young stars obtained by the MOST satellite in 2009 and 2010 in the Taurus and Lupus star formation regions are presented. Using light curve modelling under the assumption of internal invariability of spots, we obtained small values of the solar-type differential-rotation parameter (k=0.0005-0.009) for three spotted weak-line T Tau stars, V410 Tau, V987 Tau and Lupus 3-14; for another spotted WTTS, Lupus 3-48, the data are consistent with a rigidly rotating surface (k=0). Three flares of similar rise (4 min 30 sec) and decay (1 h 45 min) times were detected in the light curve of Lupus 3-14. The brightness of the classical T Tau star RY Tau continuously decreased over 3 weeks of its observations with a variable modulation not showing any obvious periodic signal.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
title: Influences of slab breakoff on foreland basin architecture: inferences from stratigraphic forward modelling
Creators: name: Eskens, Lucas H.J.
name: Andrić-Tomašević, Nevena
name: Piccolo, Andrea
name: Thielmann, Marcel
name: Claussmann, Barbara
name: Lejri, Mostfa
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
One of the major tectonostratigraphic characteristics of foreland basins is the transition from deep marine (i.e. flysch) to terrestrial (i.e. molasse) depositional settings. Several mechanisms have been proposed to influence this flysch-to-molasse transition, including slab breakoff beneath the adjacent mountain range. However, this coupling has not yet been assessed quantitatively. We hypothesize that isostatic rebound following slab breakoff can lead to a spike in tectonic uplift of the orogen, resulting in increased sediment supply as well as uplift of the foreland basin, thereby causing shallowing.

This study aims at investigating whether slab breakoff leaves a stratigraphic fingerprint foreland basin stratigraphic architecture. To this end, we combine 2D geodynamic modelling of slab breakoff with Alpine-inspired rheologies with forward stratigraphic modelling using GPM (Geological Process Modelling) software. In this context, we extract subsidence and uplift velocities along 2D profiles during slab necking- breakoff to account for (1) fast/slow breakoff and (2) different slab bending angles. Second, the extracted velocity fields are used as input for creating forward stratigraphic models (FSM), in which eustatic sea level changes are introduced to test whether slab break-off has a first-order control on foreland basin sedimentation. Erosion, transport and deposition of sediments are modelled as diffusional processes (i.e. gravity driven).

Preliminary results indicate that a pulse in sediment supply corresponds to onset of slab necking whereas breakoff yields a small pulse instead. This could imply that already during necking the orogen is isostatically uplifted to such a degree that sediment supply towards to foreland basin increases significantly.
Additional file 1 of IP-10 and MCP-1 as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Wang, Jinglan
name: Liu, Chenxi
name: Su, Longxiang
name: Zhang, Dong
name: Fan, Junping
name: Yang, Yanli
name: Xiao, Meng
name: Xie, Jing
name: Xu, Yingchun
name: Li, Yongzhe
name: Zhang, Shuyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Correlation analysis among coagulation and thrombosis-related ELISA indicators and cytokines and coagulation-related parameters
Realizing Omega-regular Hyperproperties
Creators: name: Finkbeiner, Bernd
name: Hahn, Christopher
name: Hofmann, Jana
name: Tentrup, Leander
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We study the expressiveness and reactive synthesis problem of HyperQPTL, a logic that specifies omega-regular hyperproperties. HyperQPTL is an extension of linear-time temporal logic (LTL) with explicit trace and propositional quantification and therefore truly combines trace relations and omega-regularity. As such, HyperQPTL can express promptness, which states that there is a common bound on the number of steps up to which an event must have happened. We demonstrate how the HyperQPTL formulation of promptness differs from the type of promptness expressible in the logic Prompt-LTL. Furthermore, we study the realizability problem of HyperQPTL by identifying decidable fragments, where one decidable fragment contains formulas for promptness. We show that, in contrast to the satisfiability problem of HyperQPTL, propositional quantification has an immediate impact on the decidability of the realizability problem. We present a reduction to the realizability problem of HyperLTL, which immediately yields a bounded synthesis procedure. We implemented the synthesis procedure for HyperQPTL in the bounded synthesis tool BoSy. Our experimental results show that a range of arbiter satisfying promptness can be synthesized.
Star Formation in Collision Debris: Insights from the modeling of their Spectral Energy Distribution
Creators: name: Boquien, M.
name: Duc, P. -A.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Braine, J.
name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Appleton, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During galaxy-galaxy interactions, massive gas clouds can be injected into the intergalactic medium which in turn become gravitationally bound, collapse and form stars, star clusters or even dwarf galaxies. The objects resulting from this process are both "pristine", as they are forming their first generation of stars, and chemically evolved because the metallicity inherited from their parent galaxies is high. Such characteristics make them particularly interesting laboratories to study star formation. After having investigated their star-forming properties, we use photospheric, nebular and dust modeling to analyze here their spectral energy distribution (SED) from the far-ultraviolet to the mid-infrared regime for a sample of 7 star-forming regions. Our analysis confirms that the intergalactic star forming regions in Stephan's Quintet, around Arp 105, and NGC 5291, appear devoid of stellar populations older than 10^9 years. We also find an excess of light in the near-infrared regime (from 2 to 4.5 microns) which cannot be attributed to stellar photospheric or nebular contributions. This excess is correlated with the star formation rate intensity suggesting that it is probably due to emission by very small grains fluctuating in temperature as well as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) line at 3.3 micron. Comparing the attenuation via the Balmer decrement to the mid-infrared emission allows us to check the reliability of the attenuation estimate. It suggests the presence of embedded star forming regions in NGC 5291 and NGC 7252. Overall the SED of star-forming regions in collision debris (and Tidal Dwarf Galaxies) resemble more that of dusty star-forming regions in galactic disks than to that of typical star-forming dwarf galaxies.
description: 22 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Distinguishing Higgs inflation and its variants
Creators: name: Lerner, Rose N.
name: McDonald, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider how Higgs Inflation can be observationally distinguished from variants based on gauge singlet scalar extensions of the Standard Model, in particular where the inflaton is a non-minimally coupled gauge singlet scalar (S-inflation). We show that radiative corrections generally cause the spectral index n to decrease relative to the classical value as the Higgs mass is increased if the Higgs boson is the inflaton, whereas n increases with increasing Higgs mass if the inflaton is a gauge singlet scalar. The accuracy to which n can be calculated in these models depends on how precisely the reheating temperature can be determined. The number of Einstein frame e-foldings N is similar in both models, with N = 58-61 for singlet inflation compared with N = 57-60 for Higgs inflation. This allows the spectral index to be calculated to an accuracy Δn = 0.001. Provided the Higgs mass is above ~ 135 GeV, a combination of a Higgs mass measurement and a precise determination of n will enable Higgs Inflation and S-inflation to be distinguished.
description: 19 pages (including appendices)
Majorana fermions manifested as interface-states in semiconductor hybrid structures
Creators: name: Linder, Jacob
name: Sudbø, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent proposals for the generation of Majorana fermions in semiconducting hybrid structures, we examine possible experimental fingerprints of such excitations. Whereas previous works mainly have focused on zero-energy states in vortex cores in this context, we demonstrate analytically an alternative route to detection of Majorana excitations in semiconducting hybrid structures: interface-bound states that may be probed directly via conductance spectroscopy or STM-measurements. We estimate the necessary experimental parameters required for observation of our predictions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures.
Surface-to-volume ratio with oscillating gradients
Creators: name: Novikov, Dmitry S.
name: Kiselev, Valerij G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Restrictions to diffusion result in the dispersion of the bulk diffusion coefficient. We derive the exact universal high-frequency behavior of the diffusion coefficient in terms of the surface-to-volume ratio of the restrictions. This frequency dependence can be applied to quantify structure of complex samples with NMR using oscillating field gradients and static-gradient CPMG. We also demonstrate the inter-relations between different equivalent diffusion metrics, and describe how to calculate the effect of restrictions for arbitrary gradient waveforms.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Designing a Conversation Mining System for Customer Service Chatbots
Creators: name: Schloß, Daniel
name: Espitia, Juan D. G.
name: Gnewuch, Ulrich
Publisher: name: AIS eLibrary (AISeL)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Chatbots
Customer Service
Conversation Mining
Process Mining
Business Intelligence & Analytics
Design Science Research

description: As chatbots are gaining popularity in customer service, it is critically important for companies to continuously analyze and improve their chatbots’ performance. However, current analysis approaches are often limited to the question-answer level or produce highly aggregated metrics (e.g., conversations per day) instead of leveraging the full potential of the large volume of conversation data to provide actionable insights for chatbot developers and chatbot managers. To address this challenge, we developed a novel chatbot analytics approach — conversation mining — based on concepts and methods from process mining. We instantiated our approach in a conversation mining system that can be used to visually analyze customer-chatbot conversations at the process level. The results of four focus group evaluations suggest that conversation mining can help chatbot developers and chatbot managers to extract useful insights for improving customer service chatbots. Our research contributes to research and practice with novel design knowledge for conversation mining systems.
The masses, and the mass discrepancy of O-type stars
Creators: name: Weidner, Carsten
name: Vink, Jorick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The "mass discrepancy" in massive O stars represents a long-standing problem in stellar astrophysics with far-reaching implications for the chemical and dynamical feedback in galaxies. Aims. Our goal is to investigate this mass discrepancy by comparing state-of-the-art model masses with model-independent masses determined from eclipsing binaries. Methods. Using stellar evolution models and a recent calibration of stellar parameters for O-star spectral sub-classes, we present a convenient way to convert observed solar metallicity O star spectral types into model masses, which we subsequently compare to our dynamical mass compilation. We also derive similar conversions for LMC and SMC metallcities. Results. We obtain good agreement between model and dynamical masses, suggesting the long-standing problem of a systematic mass discrepancy problem might have been solved. We also provide error ranges for the model masses, as well as minimal and maximal age estimates for when the model stars are in a given spectral type box.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 9 tables; accepted for publication by A&A