cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Escaping workplace gender discrimination through mobility? Labor-market experiences of Polish female migrants in the West
Creators: name: Pustulka, Paula
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2015

description: Based on qualitative data gathered during a comparative doctoral research project, this article aims to shed light on the transnational mobility of women as viewed through the lens of the labor market and takes an intersectional approach to the nexus of gender, class, and ethnicity. It investigates in particular the careers of Polish women whose migratory decisions appear to have been affected by gender inequalities and injustices prevalent in the labor market in Poland, and examines accounts by female migrants of their experiences of unfair labor-market practices based on gender. Improved labor-market positions (in general) and personal recollections of positive change and career advancement (in a subjective and individual sense) are analyzed with reference to the idea of international mobility having emancipatory effects. More importantly, the findings challenge the gender order that assigns characteristics of domesticity and rootedness to women, presenting instead the professional lives of the respondents, which are marked by a high degree of agency and success.

Key Words: migration, Poland in the EU, labor market, gender, discrimination
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 6, No 1 (2015): Work in a Globalizing World: Gender, Mobility, Markets
Editorial
Creators: name: Mense-Petermann, Ursula
name: Schäfer, Sabine
name: Welskopp, Thomas
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2015

description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 6, No 1 (2015): Work in a Globalizing World: Gender, Mobility, Markets
Technology Adaptation and Adoption: The Experience of Seed-Fertiliser Technology and Beyond
Creators: name: Byerlee, Derek R.
name: Byerlee, Derek R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Technical change in agriculture is examined for two contrasting situations in the developing world: the largely irrigated wheat-based systems of South Asia, where improved seed-fertiliser technology has been widely used for more than two decades, and rainfed maize-based systems of sub-Saharan Africa, where adoption of this technology remains incomplete. Zones of medium to high production potential and relative land scarcity are the primary focus of the analysis. Experience with the adoption of seed-fertiliser technology in these areas helps to identify the key changes in institutions and policies needed to foster continuing growth in food grain production by small-scale farmers, especially changes in research and extension strategies and in input supply policies.
The study of exotic state $Z_c^{\pm}(3900)$ decaying to $J/ψπ^{\pm}$ in the $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.96, 7, and 13 TeV
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Zheng, Liang
name: Chen, Gang
name: Xu, Hong-Ge
name: Zhou, Dai-Mei
name: Yan, Yu-Liang
name: Sa, Ben-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamically constrained phase-space coalescence model plus PACIAE model was used to predict the exotic resonant state $Z_c^{\pm}(3900)$ yield, transverse momentum distribution, and the rapidity distribution with $|y| < 6$ and $p_T < 10$ GeV/c in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96, 7$ and 13 TeV, respectively. The yield of the $Z_c^{\pm}(3900)$ is estimated to be around $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-5}$. We also present the energy dependence of the transverse momentum distributions and rapidity distributions for ${Z_c^{+}(3900)}$ and ${Z_c^{-}(3900)}$. The production of ${Z_c^{+}(3900)}$ and its anti-particle ${Z_c^{-}(3900)}$ is found to be quite similar to each other.
description: 6 pages,5 figures
The role of differential rotation in the evolution of the r-mode instability
Creators: name: Sá, Paulo M.
name: Tomé, Brigitte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of differential rotation in the evolution of the l=2 r-mode instability of a newly born, hot, rapidly-rotating neutron star. It is shown that the amplitude of the r-mode saturates in a natural way at a value that depends on the amount of differential rotation at the time the instability becomes active. It is also shown that, independently of the saturation amplitude of the mode, the star spins down to a rotation rate that is comparable to the inferred initial rotation rates of the fastest pulsars associated with supernova remnants.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, in Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop "New Worlds in Astroparticle Physics", Faro, Portugal, 8-10 January 2005
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-754
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-754. The artifact is a secondary flake.
Work in a Globalizing World: Gender, Mobility, Markets
Creators: name: Mense-Petermann, Ursula
name: Schäfer, Sabine
name: Welskopp, Thomas
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2015

description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 6, No 1 (2015): Work in a Globalizing World: Gender, Mobility, Markets
The faintest accretors
Creators: name: King, Andrew
name: Wijnands, Rudy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent X-ray observations have detected a class of very faint X-ray transients in the Galaxy which probably reveal a previously unrecognised type of accretion on to neutron stars or black holes. We show that these systems cannot have descended from binaries with stellar-mass components of normal composition. Accretion of hydrogen-depleted matter on to stellar-mass black holes can account for individual systems, but requires that these transients should be observed to repeat within a few years, and does not explain why the class is distinctly faint. Two other explanations appear to be quite natural. One invokes accretion by neutron stars or stellar-mass black holes from companions which were already brown dwarfs or planets when the systems formed, i.e. which did not descend from low-mass stars. The other possibility is that these systems are the endpoints of primordial (zero-metallicity) binaries in which the primary was extremely massive, and collapsed to a black hole of mass > 1000 solar masses. The (primordial) companion must by now have reached an extremely low mass (< 0.01 solar mass) and be transferring mass at a very low rate to the black hole. This picture avoids the main difficulty encountered by models invoking intermediate-mass black hole formation at non-primordial metallicities, and is a natural consequence of some current ideas about Population III star formation.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
On the boundaries of knowledge. Security, the sensible, and the law
Creators: name: Krasmann, Susanne
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2015

description: Governing security means acting under conditions of uncertainty, that is, operating at the boundary of the knowable, as security is about dangers and threats that by definition have not yet materialized. Security in this sense relies on imagination, which renders the future accessible. Furthermore, security concerns the undesired and is therefore intertwined with emotions and affects. It is about dangers and threats that should not materialize. Drawing on the example of Germany’s Federal Constitutional Court decision on deploying military forces within national boundaries in the name of security, the article examines the relationship of the law to the sensible, to moments of anticipation and imagination, and to emotions and affect that exceed language. Taking on the form of fictive realities, these moments come to affect and shape the law, they are inscribed into the law as security matters. Since this happens rather implicitly, these processes tend to remain unrecognized by legal theory. However, fictive realities are an important ingredient of law’s reality.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 6, No 2 (2015): Between Passion and Senses? Perspectives on Emotions and Law
The dark energy equation of state
Creators: name: Usmani, A. A.
name: Ghosh, P. P.
name: Mukhopadhyay, Utpal
name: Ray, P. C.
name: Ray, Saibal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a study of cosmic evolution with an equation of state parameter $ω(t)=ω_0+ω_1(t\dot H/H)$ by selecting a phenomenological $Λ$ model of the form, $\dotΛ\sim H^3$. This simple proposition explains both linearly expanding and inflationary Universes with a single set of equations. We notice that the inflation leads to a scaling in the equation of state parameter, $ω(t)$, and hence in equation of state. In this approach, one of its two parameters have been pin pointed and the other have been delineated. It has been possible to show a connection between dark energy and Higgs-Boson.
description: 4 Latex pages, 3 figures, To appear in Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. Lett
Variable Chaplygin Gas: Constraints from CMBR and SNe Ia
Creators: name: Sethi, Geetanjali
name: Singh, Sushil K.
name: Kumar, Pranav
name: Jain, Deepak
name: Dev, Abha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the parameters of the variable Chaplygin gas model, using the location of peaks of the CMBR spectrum and SNe Ia ``gold '' data set. Equation of state of the model is $P=-A(a)/ρ$, where $A(a)=A_0 a^{-n}$ is a positive function of the cosmological scale factor $a$, $A_0$ and $n$ being constants. The variable Chaplygin gas interpolates from dust-dominated era to quintessence dominated era. The model is found to be compatible with current type Ia Supernovae data and location of first peak if the values of $Ω_m$ and $n$ lie in the interval $[0.017,~0.117]$ and $[-1.3,~2.6]$ respectively.
description: 9 pages,4 figures
Mechanisms of Socio-economic Change in Rural Areas: The Case of Education and Health in Thailand
Creators: name: Khoman, Sirilaksana
name: Khoman, Sirilaksana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Health Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: An emphasis on the public provision of health and education in Thailand assisted both sectors to make a substantial contribution to the consistently high growth rates achieved during the 1980s. However, a review of development goals is opportune. Three types of reform are recommended: (a) redirection of expenditure towards activities in which government participation is most critical; (b) increased reliance on user and other benefit-related charges to finance such spending; and (c) decentralisation of some public responsibilities to those in closer touch with local needs and conditions.
Pieces of the puzzle: Ancient substructure in the Galactic disk
Creators: name: Helmi, Amina
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Nordstrom, B.
name: Holmberg, J.
name: Abadi, M. G.
name: Steinmetz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for signatures of past accretion events in the Milky Way in the recently published catalogue by Nordstrom et al.(2004), containing accurate spatial and kinematic information as well as metallicities for 13240 nearby stars. To optimize our strategy, we use numerical simulations to characterize the properties of the debris from disrupted satellites. We find that stars with a common progenitor should show distinct correlations between their orbital parameters; in particular, between the apocentre A and pericentre P, as well as their z-angular momentum (L_z). In the APL-space, such stars are expected to cluster around regions of roughly constant eccentricity. The APL space for the Nordstrom catalogue exhibits a wealth of substructure, much of which can be linked to dynamical perturbations induced by spiral arms and the Galactic bar. However, our analysis also reveals a statistically significant excess of stars on orbits of common (moderate) eccentricity, analogous to the pattern expected for merger debris. Besides being dynamically peculiar, the 274 stars in these substructures have very distinct metallicity and age distributions, providing further evidence of their extra-Galactic provenance. It is possible to identify among these stars, three coherent Groups with characteristic ages and metallicities, that, in all likelihood, correspond to the remains of disrupted satellites. [abridged]
description: 18 pages, 21 figures, MNRAS in press. Accepted version with high-resolution figures available from http://www.astro.rug.nl/~ahelmi/research/puzzle.html
Charge density waves in Sr_14-xCa_xCu_24O_41: electron correlations vs. structural effects
Creators: name: Choi, K. -Y.
name: Grove, M.
name: Lemmens, P.
name: Fischer, M.
name: Güntherodt, G.
name: Ammerahl, U.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Dhalenne, G.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
name: Akimitsu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report inelastic light scattering experiments in the spin-chain and ladder system Sr_14-xCa_xCu_24O_41. A depletion of an electronic background is observed for 0 < x < 5 at low temperatures and with light polarization both parallel to the leg and rung directions. This points to the formation of 2D charge density wave in the ladders. Furthermore, the Ca-substitution dependence of the 305- and 249-cm-1 modes, sensitive to the lattice modulations of the respective chain and ladder system, suggests that the charge dynamics in the ladders is strongly influenced by the structural incommensurability.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
The facilitation and hindrance of personal adaptation to corporate restructuring
Creators: name: Barbey, Dawn Henrichs
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to develop a reasonably comprehensive scheme of categories that describes what facilitated and hindered adaptation to corporate restructuring. Interviews were conducted with individuals who worked in a company during reorganization and adapted. The Critical Incident Technique (Flanagan, 1954) was utilized to elicit 543 incidents from 28 participants. Thirty-four categories emerged from the analysis of the reported events and were organized into five clusters. Several procedures were employed to examine the soundness and trustworthiness of the categories. The results indicate that adaptation was hindered by: enduring a negative state, receiving increased workload, experiencing negative attitudes of colleagues, termination of colleagues, destabilizing moves, encountering a demoralizing situation, removed from a position, experiencing devaluation of company, excluded from decision making, blocked from accomplishing a task, not receiving support, receiving a threat about job, experiencing estrangement, receiving disaffirmation for job competence, and vital information withheld. However, individuals can take action in four ways to facilitate adaptation. First, they can shape the work environment by: refusing exploitative requests, making a decision concerning work, discovering and adhering to a firm guideline, making a beneficial change in the work setting, accomplishing a task, experiencing a challenging task, creating a work position, creating space to work, and dissociation from a bad person. Second, they can gain support by: receiving advice, receiving personal support, receiving assurance about job, experiencing camaraderie, receiving affirmation for job competence, receiving vital information. Third, they can help others by: giving empathy, using humor, forming a relationship, looking out for others, providing practical help, securing work for others. Fourth, they can help themselves by: realization of a positive perspective, preparing for change, initiating a change outside of work, and engaging in an activity outside of work. The category system attempts to provide a reasonably comprehensive description of what helps and hinders adaptation to corporate restructuring. Such an organization of factors may be valuable in planning counsellor training programs and useful for therapists working with individuals adapting to corporate change.
The enigmatic ground. On the genesis of law out of emotion in the writings of Savigny and Uhland
Creators: name: Köhler, Sigrid G.
name: Schmidt, Florian
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2015

description: Against the dominant cultural script according to which law and emotion are incompatible, this essay brings into focus the reciprocal relation of law and emotion that forms in the eighteenth century and is foundational for the self-conception of the modern citizen around 1800. This reciprocity is enabled by the ›discovery‹ and valorization of emotion as an independent faculty, as we show with recourse to first the moral-sense-debate and then Rousseau and Herder. In the course of being theorized, emotion acquires an irreducible relevance for cognition, judgment, and subject formation—and thereby also for law, insofar as it is understood as normative knowledge and as guide for the actions of the subject. Just how fundamental the epistemological relevance of emotion is at the beginning of the nineteenth century is revealed not only by the emergence of the term Rechtsgefühl, but also and above all by its systematic deployment on entirely different levels: such as in law, in politics, and in literature, as we illustrate with reference to texts of legal scholarship by Savigny and the political poetry of Uhland. It thus guides, for example, the cultural-history narrative of the rise of law (Savigny/Uhland), becomes a fundamental requirement for the Historical School's method of legal scholarship (Savigny), and finally grounds the demand for the political participation of citizens, inasmuch as the law and the constitution are derived from human emotion (Uhland).
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 6, No 2 (2015): Between Passion and Senses? Perspectives on Emotions and Law
Topological chiral spin liquids and competing states in triangular lattice SU($N$) Mott insulators
Creators: name: Yao, Xu-Ping
name: Gao, Yonghao
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SU($N$) Mott insulators have been proposed and/or realized in solid-state materials and with ultracold atoms on optical lattices. We study the two-dimensional SU($N$) antiferromagnets on the triangular lattice. Starting from an SU($N$) Heisenberg model with the fundamental representation on each site in the large-$N$ limit, we perform a self-consistent calculation and find a variety of ground states including the valence cluster states, stripe ordered states with a doubled unit-cell and topological chiral spin liquids. The system favors a cluster or ordered ground state when the number of flavors $N$ is less than 6. It is shown that, increasing the number of flavors enhances quantum fluctuations and eventually transfer the clusterized ground states into a topological chiral spin liquids. This chiral spin liquid ground state has an equivalent for the square lattice SU($N$) magnets. We further identify the corresponding lowest competing states that represent another distinct type of chiral spin liquid states. We conclude with a discussion about the relevant systems and the experimental probes.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Human Resources Development: A Paradigm Shift?
Creators: name: Corner, Lorraine
name: Corner, Lorraine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: A paradigm shift is taking place in contemporary understanding of the role of human resources in development. Support for the supply-sided human capital model rests on the proposition, not yet established empirically, that it leads to more rapid rates of development than alternative approaches. The human resources development strategy stresses that human resources are both producers and the intended beneficiaries of development. It thus focuses on the achievement of human development directly, as well as indirectly through investment in human capital, and emphasises the role of rewarded economic activity and demand in successful implementation of human resources development. Important policy implications of the new HRD-based paradigm are discussed.
फर्टिगेशन द्वारा बागवानी विकास हेतु भूगर्भ जल की उपयोगिता
Creators: name: डॉ. आर. के. सिंह१, अनुराग. एम. भार्गव२, गौरव राज३
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: भारत में कृषि मुख्यतः वर्षा पर आधारित है, जहां प्रतिवर्ष लगभग 400 हजार करोड़ घन मीटर जल विभिन्न स्रोतों से प्राप्त होता है। यह जल संसाधन भारतीय कृषि की रीढ़ है, लेकिन इसके प्रबंधन और संरक्षण में कई चुनौतियाँ हैं। इस जल का केवल एक चौथाई हिस्सा सतही और भूगर्भ जल के रूप में संग्रहित किया जा सकता है, जो कृषि, पेयजल, और अन्य आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करने के लिए उपयोग में लाया जाता है।

कृषि और अन्य कार्यों के लिए प्रतिवर्ष 75,000 करोड़ घन मीटर जल की आवश्यकता होती है। तेजी से बढ़ती जनसंख्या और कृषि क्षेत्र का विस्तार, जल संसाधनों पर भारी दबाव डाल रहे हैं। यह स्थिति विशेष रूप से चिंताजनक है, क्योंकि जल संसाधनों की सीमित उपलब्धता और बढ़ती मांग के बीच संतुलन बनाए रखना आवश्यक हो गया है। 2024 तक जल संसाधनों का उपयोग और भी बढ़ने की संभावना है, जिससे जल के समुचित उपयोग और संरक्षण पर विशेष ध्यान देना अनिवार्य हो गया है।
The Cost of Environmental Protection
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Richard D.
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Morgenstern, Richard D.
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: environmental costs
subject: fixed-effects
subject: translog cost model

description: Expenditures for environmental protection in the U.S. are estimated to exceed $150 billion annually or about 2% of GDP. This estimate, based on largely self-reported information, is often cited as an assessment of the burden of current regulatory efforts and a standard against which the associated benefits are measured. Little is known, however, about how well reported expenditures relate to true costs. The potential for both incidental savings and uncounted burdens means that actual costs could be either higher or lower than reported expenditures. A significant literature supports the notion that increases in reported environmental expenditures probably understate actual economic costs. Estimates of the true cost of a dollar increase in reported environmental spending range from $1.50 to $12. This paper explores the relationship between reported expenditures and economic cost in the manufacturing sector in the context of a large plant-level data set at the four-digit SIC level. We use a cost function modeling approach which treats both environmental and non-environmental production activities as distinct, unrelated cost minimization problems for each plant. We then explore the possibility that these activities are, in fact, related by including reported regulatory expenditures in the cost function for non-environmental output. Under the null hypothesis that reported regulatory expenditures accurately measure the cost of regulation, the coefficient on this term should be zero. In ten of eleven industries studied, including all of the heavily regulated industries, this null hypothesis is accepted using our preferred fixed-effects model. Our best estimate, based on an expenditure weighted average of the four most heavily regulated industries, indicates that an incremental dollar of reported environmental expenditure reduces non-environmental production costs by eighteen cents with a standard error of forty-two cents. This is equivalent to saying that total costs rise by eighty-two cents for every dollar increase in reported environmental expenditures. Using an alternative pooled model we find uniformly higher estimates. Although consistent with previous results, we believe these higher estimates are biased by omitted variables characterizing differences among plants. Summarizing, our results enable us to reject claims that environmental spending imposes large hidden costs on manufacturing plants. In fact, our best estimate indicates a modest though statistically insignificant overstatement of regulatory costs.
Additional file 1 of Cost and cost-effectiveness of indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl in a high malaria transmission district of Mozambique with high access to standard insecticide-treated nets
Creators: name: Alonso, Sergi
name: Chaccour, Carlos J.
name: Wagman, Joseph
name: Candrinho, Baltazar
name: Rodaly Muthoni
name: Abuchahama Saifodine
name: Saute, Francisco
name: Robertson, Molly
name: Zulliger, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Main outputs for the 2016 and 2017 spraying campaigns in the district of Mopeia.
Do Community Characteristics Determine Environmental Outcomes? Evidence from the Toxics Release Inventory
Creators: name: Arora, Seema
name: Cason, Timothy N.
name: Arora, Seema
name: Cason, Timothy N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This research uses neighborhood characteristics (at the zipcode level) to explain changes in toxic releases between 1990 and 1993. It combines the Toxics Release Inventory data with demographic data from the 1990 US Census. We first analyze the location of manufacturing facilities in a particular neighborhood using a sample selection model, and then attribute changes in the level of emissions between 1990 and 1993 to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the neighborhood in 1990. The results indicate that variables likely to affect the propensity for communities to engage in political action significantly influence environmental performance. Economic characteristics of neighborhoods (such as income levels and unemployment) also affect changes in releases. Release changes in the Southeastern US exhibit a pattern consistent with racial injustice.
Disgust, compassion or tolerance: Law and emotions in the debate on §175 in West Germany
Creators: name: Nielsen, Philipp
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2015

description: In 1963, Germany debated the decriminalization of homosexuality as part of a reform of the country’s penal code. The debate provides a window into the discourse of law and emotions precisely at a point at which emotions allegedly felt by the people as a whole lost their argumentative superiority over individual rights. The article investigates the public discussion rather than that among legal experts. The parties involved openly debated the importance of feelings for legislation. Beyond the normative connection of law and emotions, varying feelings from love to desire were invoked by all sides. This article will look particularly at emotions vis-à-vis homosexual men—but not their own emotions, either self-expressed or ascribed, such as love, desire, or friendship. Instead, the role of disgust and compassion in the debate will be analyzed, feelings that have a longer history in the context of law and have recently received greater attention as possible »political emotions« (Nussbaum 2014). This article concentrates on the intervention of the Jewish rémigré Hans-Joachim Schoeps in that debate and the responses to his articles in Der Monat and Christ und Welt. Precisely because the debate revolved around the position of minorities in a democratic society, it is illuminating for the role emotions—in this instance descriptive or expressive ones that were supposed to give normative grounding to a law—can play in negotiating difference. For West Germany, the debate is of additional interest for the way in which its society dealt with the country’s recent past and tried to translate it into a democratic future.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 6, No 2 (2015): Between Passion and Senses? Perspectives on Emotions and Law
The Benefits and Costs of Informal Sector Pollution Control: Mexican Brick Kilns
Creators: name: Blackman, Allen
name: Newbold, Stephen C.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Cook, Joseph H.
name: Blackman, Allen
name: Newbold, Stephen C.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Cook, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: benefit-cost analysis
subject: informal sector
subject: air pollution
subject: US-Mexico Border
subject: brick kiln

description: In developing countries, urban clusters of manufacturers which are "informal"-small-scale, unlicensed and virtually unregulated-can have severe environmental impacts. Yet pollution control efforts have traditionally focused on large industrial sources, in part because the problem is not well understood. This paper presents a benefit-cost analysis of four practical strategies for reducing emissions from traditional brick kilns in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. To our knowledge, it is the first such analysis of informal sources. We find very significant net benefits for three of the four control strategies. These results suggest that informal polluters should be a high priority for environmental regulators.
Multithermal Analysis of a CDS Coronal Loop
Creators: name: Schmelz, J. T.
name: Martens, P. C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations from 1998 April 20 taken with the Coronal Diagnostics Spectrometer CDS on SOHO of a coronal loop on the limb have shown that the plasma was multi-thermal along each line of sight investigated, both before and after background subtraction. The latter result relied on Emission Measure Loci plots, but in this Letter, we used a forward folding technique to produce Differential Emission Measure curves. We also calculate DEM-weighted temperatures for the chosen pixels and find a gradient in temperature along the loop as a function of height that is not compatible with the flat profiles reported by numerous authors for loops observed with EIT on SOHO and TRACE. We also find discrepancies in excess of the mathematical expectation between some of the observed and predicted CDS line intensities. We demonstrate that these differences result from well-known limitations in our knowledge of the atomic data and are to be expected. We further show that the precision of the DEM is limited by the intrinsic width of the ion emissivity functions that are used to calculate the DEM. Hence we conclude that peaks and valleys in the DEM, while in principle not impossible, cannot be confirmed from the data.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by ApJ Letters
Self-testing of binary Pauli measurements requiring neither entanglement nor any dimensional restriction
Creators: name: Maity, Ananda G.
name: Mal, Shiladitya
name: Jebarathinam, Chellasamy
name: Majumdar, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterization of quantum devices received from unknown providers is a significant primary task for any quantum information processing protocol. Self-testing protocols are designed for this purpose of certifying quantum components from the observed statistics under a set of minimal assumptions. Here we propose a self-testing protocol for certifying binary Pauli measurements employing the violation of a Leggett-Garg inequality. The scenario based on temporal correlations does not require entanglement, a costly and fragile resource. Moreover, unlike previously proposed self-testing protocols in the prepare and measure scenario, our approach requires neither dimensional restrictions, nor other stringent assumptions on the type of measurements. We further analyse the robustness of this hitherto unexplored domain of self-testing of measurements.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. A, 10 pages, 2 figures, Closed to the published version
KiDS-1000 Cosmology: constraints beyond flat $Λ$CDM
Creators: name: Tröster, Tilman
name: Asgari, Marika
name: Blake, Chris
name: Cataneo, Matteo
name: Heymans, Catherine
name: Hildebrandt, Hendrik
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
name: Lin, Chieh-An
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Wright, Angus H.
name: Bilicki, Maciej
name: Bose, Benjamin
name: Crocce, Martin
name: Dvornik, Andrej
name: Erben, Thomas
name: Giblin, Benjamin
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Hoekstra, Henk
name: Joudaki, Shahab
name: Kannawadi, Arun
name: Köhlinger, Fabian
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Lidman, Chris
name: Lombriser, Lucas
name: Mead, Alexander
name: Parkinson, David
name: Shan, HuanYuan
name: Wolf, Christian
name: Xia, Qianli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on extensions to the flat $Λ$CDM cosmological model by varying the spatial curvature $Ω_K$, the sum of the neutrino masses $\sum m_ν$, the dark energy equation of state parameter $w$, and the Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity $f_{R0}$ parameter. With the combined $3\times2$pt measurements of cosmic shear from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000), galaxy clustering from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), and galaxy-galaxy lensing from the overlap between KiDS-1000, BOSS, and the spectroscopic 2-degree Field Lensing Survey (2dFLenS), we find results that are fully consistent with a flat $Λ$CDM model with $Ω_K=0.011^{+0.054}_{-0.057}$, $\sum m_ν<1.76$ eV (95% CL), and $w=-0.99^{+0.11}_{-0.13}$. The $f_{R0}$ parameter is unconstrained in our fully non-linear $f(R)$ cosmic shear analysis. Considering three different model selection criteria, we find no clear preference for either the fiducial flat $Λ$CDM model or any of the considered extensions. Besides extensions to the flat $Λ$CDM parameter space, we also explore restrictions to common subsets of the flat $Λ$CDM parameter space by fixing the amplitude of the primordial power spectrum to the Planck best-fit value, as well as adding external data from supernovae and lensing of the CMB. Neither the beyond-$Λ$CDM models nor the imposed restrictions explored in this analysis are able to resolve the $\sim 3σ$ tension in $S_8$ between the $3\times2$pt constraints and Planck, with the exception of $w$CDM, where the $S_8$ tension is resolved. The tension in the $w$CDM case persists, however, when considering the joint $S_8$-$w$ parameter space. The joint flat $Λ$CDM CMB lensing and $3\times2$pt analysis is found to yield tight constraints on $Ω_{\rm m}=0.307^{+0.008}_{-0.013}$, $σ_8=0.769^{+0.022}_{-0.010}$, and $S_8=0.779^{+0.013}_{-0.013}$.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted in A&A. This paper concludes the KiDS-1000 series of papers: Heymans, Tr\"oster et al. (arXiv:2007.15632), Asgari et al. (arXiv:2007.15633), Hildebrandt et al. (arXiv:2007.15635), Joachimi et al. (arXiv:2007.01844), and Giblin et al. (arXiv:2007.01845). Data products, likelihoods, and posteriors can be found http://kids.strw.leidenuniv.nl/DR4/lensing.php
What We Know About Uninsured Motorists and How Well We Know What We Know
Creators: name: Khazzoom, J. Daniel
name: Khazzoom, J. Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: converting fixed to variable cost
subject: efficient pricing of auto insurance
subject: environmental benefit of Pay-at-the-Pump
subject: uninsured motorists/vehicles
subject: universal auto insurance
subject: Pay-at-the-Pump insurance

description: The problem posed by the uninsured motorist is of concern to the general public, policyholders, insurance companies, insurance regulators, and legislators. What is striking, however, is the fragmentary nature of the information that is available and the fact that it is scattered over so many sources. Even more striking is the fact that those sources often provide conflicting estimates, and the methods used in deriving those estimates are either never spelled out or, if they are, their reliability is unknown. In view of the general concern with the problem of uninsured motorists, this paper attempts to present an overview of what we know about the uninsured motorists and how well we know what we know through the following measures: clarifying the subtleties of the definition of an uninsured motorist; discussing the more prominent methods used to estimate the number of uninsured motorists and the properties of the estimates generated by these methods; illustrating what is known about the profiles of uninsured motorists; and pointing briefly to factors that account for the existence of uninsured motorists.
Innovation, Productivity Growth, and the Survival of the U.S. Copper Industry
Creators: name: Tilton, John E.
name: Landsberg, Hans H.
name: Tilton, John E.
name: Landsberg, Hans H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: copper industry
subject: productivity
subject: technological change
subject: comparative advantage

description: Mining is widely viewed as an old industry with mature and stable technologies. Companies and countries with the best deposits are the most productive and efficient producers. As these deposits are depleted, mining shifts to countries with the next best deposits. This tendency to exploit poorer quality ores tends to push productivity down and the prices of mineral commodities up over time. Copper mining in the United States, however, calls into question this conventional view. After leading the world in output for decades, the U.S. industry lost its ability to compete and suffered a major decline during the 1970s and early 1980s. In the face of predictions of complete collapse, it staged a remarkable revival, and today mines more copper than in 1970. A handful of companies achieved this recovery, in large part through their efforts to introduce a wide range of cost-reducing innovations. These efforts, in turn, helped double labor productivity in copper mining during the 1980s. The known copper endowment of the United States hardly changed over this period, aside from the depletion arising from mining, and had little to do with either the decline or the recovery. The experience of copper mining in the United States holds a number of lessons for countries competing in global mineral markets and for countries striving to raise their labor productivity and standard of living. In particular, it highlights the stimulating influence of global competition on industry productivity and comparative advantage, even in the mining sector where mineral endowment is widely thought to be of overriding importance.
Qubit Motion as a Microscopic Model for the Dynamical Casimir Effect
Creators: name: Agustí, Andrés
name: García-Álvarez, Laura
name: Solano, Enrique
name: Sabín, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of photons from the vacuum by means of the movement of a mirror is known as the dynamical Casimir effect (DCE). In general, this phenomenon is effectively described by a field with time-dependent boundary conditions. Alternatively, we consider a microscopic model of the DCE capable of reproducing the effect with no time-dependent boundary conditions. Besides the field, such a model comprises a subsystem modeling the mirror's internal structure. In this work, we study the most straightforward system for the mirror: a qubit moving in a cavity and coupled to one of the bosonic modes. We find that under certain conditions on the qubit's movement that do not depend on its physical properties, a large number of photons may be generated without changing the qubit state, as should be expected for a microscopic model of the mirror.
description: Main text: 4 pages, 4 figures. Appendices: 5 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Cost and cost-effectiveness of indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl in a high malaria transmission district of Mozambique with high access to standard insecticide-treated nets
Creators: name: Alonso, Sergi
name: Chaccour, Carlos J.
name: Wagman, Joseph
name: Candrinho, Baltazar
name: Rodaly Muthoni
name: Abuchahama Saifodine
name: Saute, Francisco
name: Robertson, Molly
name: Zulliger, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Univariate sensitivity analysis: changes on incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) due to changes in selected parameter.
Experimental Fock-State Bunching Capability of Non-Ideal Single-Photon States
Creators: name: Zapletal, P.
name: Darras, T.
name: Jeannic, H. Le
name: Cavaillès, A.
name: Guccione, G.
name: Laurat, J.
name: Filip, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advanced quantum technologies, as well as fundamental tests of quantum physics, crucially require the interference of multiple single photons in linear-optics circuits. This interference can result in the bunching of photons into higher Fock states, leading to a complex bosonic behaviour. These challenging tasks timely require to develop collective criteria to benchmark many independent initial resources. Here we determine whether n independent imperfect single photons can ultimately bunch into the Fock state $|n \rangle$. We thereby introduce an experimental Fock-state bunching capability for single-photon sources, which uses phase-space interference for extreme bunching events as a quantifier. In contrast to autocorrelation functions, this operational approach takes into account not only residual multi-photon components but also vacuum admixture and the dispersion of the individual photon statistics. We apply this approach to high-purity single photons generated from an optical parametric oscillator and show that they can lead to a Fock-state capability of at least 14. Our work demonstrates a novel collective benchmark for single-photon sources and their use in subsequent stringent applications.
El Nino, Ice Storms, and the Market for Residential Fuelwood in Eastern Canada and the Northeastern U.S.
Creators: name: Jagger, Pamela
name: White, William
name: Sedjo, Roger A.
name: Jagger, Pamela
name: White, William
name: Sedjo, Roger A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: fuelwood
subject: El Nino
subject: ice storm
subject: forest management
subject: extreme weather event
subject: climate forecasting
subject: forest policy

description: Extreme weather events such as the ice storm that affected eastern Canada and the Northeastern US in January of 1998 have significant impacts on both human populations and forests. One of the questions currently facing climate scientists is whether or not better forecasting of such events would lessen the economic impacts borne by households, industry, agricultural producers and the public sector when such weather events occur. This case study examines the economic impacts of the ice storm on the residential market for fuelwood. It is hypothesized that demand for fuelwood will increase due to the failure of non-wood heating sources during the ice storm. In addition, damage to trees in the region should increase the supply of fuelwood; the net effect of these outward shifts of supply and demand on price is not known. A household level survey administered to over one thousand households indicates that less than half of the households in the affected region currently rely on wood burning technologies as a source of heat for their homes. However, those households with wood burning technologies were better able to manage during the ice storm. The main policy implication of better forecasting of extreme weather events is the ability of households to alter or substitute home heating strategies and technologies in addition to other mitigative strategies such as storing food etc. In addition, forest managers or forest product producers who have information regarding extreme weather events have the option to undertake various management strategies to lessen the economic and biophysical impacts of ice storms on forests. Forest managers and woodlot owners may also enter or expand into the market for residential fuelwood when the production of other forest produce such as maple syrup and veneer are hindered by ice storm damage.
Study of electromagnetic wave propagation in active medium and the equivalent Schrodinger equation with energy-dependent complex potential
Creators: name: Bahlouli, H.
name: Alhaidari, A. D.
name: Al-Zahrani, A.
name: Economou, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the massless limit of the Klein-Gordon (K-G) equation in 1+1 dimensions with static complex potentials as an attempt to give an alternative, but equivalent, representation of plane electromagnetic (em) wave propagation in active medium. In the case of dispersionless em medium, the analogy dictates that the potential in the K-G equation is complex and energy-dependent. In the non-relativistic domain we study an analogous inertial system by considering wave packet propagation through a complex potential barrier and solve the time-independent Schrodinger equation with a potential that has the same energy dependence as that of the K-G equation. The behavior of these solutions is compared with those found elsewhere in the literature for the propagation of electromagnetic plane waves in a uniform active medium with complex dielectric constant. Our study concluded that the discrepancy between the time dependent and stationary results is due to the energy poles crossing the real axis in the complex energy plane. It was demonstrated unambiguously that there is a frequency (energy) and size dependent gain threshold above which the stationary results become unstable. This threshold corresponds to the value of the gain at which the pole crosses the real axis.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures