cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the b quark forward-backward asymmetry around the Z0 peak using an inclusive tag
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The b quark forward-backward asymmetry has been measured using hadronic Z0 decays collected by the OPAL experiment at LEP. Z0 -> bbbar decays were selected using a combination of secondary vertex and lepton tags, and the sign of the b quark charge was determined using an inclusive tag based on jet, vertex and kaon charges. The results, corrected to the quark level, are: A^b_FB = 0.0582 +- 0.0153 +- 0.0012 at sqrt(s) = 89.50 GeV A^b_FB = 0.0977 +- 0.0036 +- 0.0018 at sqrt(s) = 91.26 GeV A^b_FB = 0.1221 +- 0.0123 +- 0.0025 at sqrt(s) = 92.91 GeV where the first error is statistical and the second systematic in each case. Within the framework of the Standard Model, the result is interpreted as a measurement of the effective weak mixing angle for electrons of sin2theta_W^eff,e = 0.23205 +- 0.00068.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Moments of vicious walkers and Möbius graph expansions
Creators: name: Katori, Makoto
name: Komatsuda, Naoaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system of Brownian motions in one-dimension all started from the origin and conditioned never to collide with each other in a given finite time-interval $(0, T]$ is studied. The spatial distribution of such vicious walkers can be described by using the repulsive eigenvalue-statistics of random Hermitian matrices and it was shown that the present vicious walker model exhibits a transition from the Gaussian unitary ensemble (GUE) statistics to the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) statistics as the time $t$ is going on from 0 to $T$. In the present paper, we characterize this GUE-to-GOE transition by presenting the graphical expansion formula for the moments of positions of vicious walkers. In the GUE limit $t \to 0$, only the ribbon graphs contribute and the problem is reduced to the classification of orientable surfaces by genus. Following the time evolution of the vicious walkers, however, the graphs with twisted ribbons, called Möbius graphs, increase their contribution to our expansion formula, and we have to deal with the topology of non-orientable surfaces. Application of the recent exact result of dynamical correlation functions yields closed expressions for the coefficients in the Möbius expansion using the Stirling numbers of the first kind.
description: REVTeX4, 11 pages, 1 figure. v.2: calculations of the Green function and references added. v.3: minor additions and corrections made for publication in Phys.Rev.E
Digital Twin: Enabling Technologies, Challenges and Open Research
Creators: name: Fuller, Aidan
name: Fan, Zhong
name: Day, Charles
name: Barlow, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital Twin technology is an emerging concept that has become the centre of attention for industry and, in more recent years, academia. The advancements in industry 4.0 concepts have facilitated its growth, particularly in the manufacturing industry. The Digital Twin is defined extensively but is best described as the effortless integration of data between a physical and virtual machine in either direction. The challenges, applications, and enabling technologies for Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT) and Digital Twins are presented. A review of publications relating to Digital Twins is performed, producing a categorical review of recent papers. The review has categorised them by research areas: manufacturing, healthcare and smart cities, discussing a range of papers that reflect these areas and the current state of research. The paper provides an assessment of the enabling technologies, challenges and open research for Digital Twins.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of IEEE ACCESS, . Citation information: DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2998358, IEEE Access
Ancient Childhood: Perspectives from Iraq and Syria in the Early Second Millennium BC
Creators: name: Schmidhuber, Christoph
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Assyriology
History of Childhood
Mesopotamia
Old Babylonian period
Social History

description: Despite being a major demographic component, our reconstructions of Old Babylonian social, economic, and legal history have tended not to consider how children fit into them. In part, this is because scholars’ opinion was that syntheses at this level required the publication of the remaining unpublished sources. But this thesis will argue that, due to the more than 30,000 texts published by now, more can be teased out of Old Babylonian sources than previously supposed (for reasons of space, archaeological evidence is not considered). The main aim of this thesis is to introduce children into our reconstruction of Old Babylonian society (Iraq and Syria, 2000-1600 BC) and to provide insights into their lived experience. To do that it is also necessary to understand the Old Babylonian concept(s) of childhood, or the lack thereof. Research into several periods of history (up to Medieval and early modern times) has illustrated how our modern conception of childhood cannot be projected onto ancient evidence easily and has shown the need to conceptualise childhood within its respective sociocultural setting. The thesis explores the terminology and semantic fields associated with children, and monitors diachronic and regional variation thereof, in order to reconstruct Old Babylonian “age” classification systems and to understand in which situations or contexts a differentiation between young and old mattered. The thesis contains different case studies pertaining to children, each highlighting different aspects of the intersection between family and society, such as “child labour”, the role of gender on children’s experience and identity, as well as parent-child relations. Additionally, this thesis will provide a theoretical and methodological framework for the study of ancient Mesopotamian childhood that can be applied to other periods of Mesopotamian history as well.
description: Arts and Humanities Research Council Doctoral Training Partnership
Automatic Identification System tracking of ships using Neural Networks and correlation with satellite images.pdf
Creators: name: Sørensen, Kristian Aalling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: In this work, we firstly implement an unsupervised VAE with BLSTM and Multi-Headed Self-Attention mechanisms to find contextual information in Gatehouse Maritime AIS data. No labelled Gatehouse Maritime AIS anomalies exists, and the model is consequently evaluated qualitatively on few examples, leading to the detection of contextual information corresponding to well defined trajectory patterns in addition to the detection of what is presumed to be anomalies. This demonstrates the method’s prospect of automatically findingcomplex anomalies in AIS data. Moreover, an AIS dark ships detection framework is implemented, finding in one scenario 15, 002 dark ships from 9 months of AIS data from a specific geographical region. Additionally, three types of deep learning architectures are implemented to forecast AIS trajectories, all using Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory networks and Attention mechanisms; The regression model learns the historical behaviour of cargo ships, and predictstrajectories 5 minutes into the future with a RMSE of 0.2, and a median error of ≈ 68km 100 minutes into the future. Thereafter, we implement an adaptive and a global classification forecast model. The global classification forecast model was not fully trained and has a categorical accuracy of 17.5%. The adaptive classification forecast model has an accuracy of ≈ 95% for predictions 5 and 25 minutes into the future with stationary ships, and an accuracy of 87% and 91% respectively by excluding stationary ships. We subsequently propose a method to fuse the cooperative AIS data with the non-cooperative SAR data, culminating in a dark ship detection case study.
Additional file 1: of Effect of intraoperative paravertebral or intravenous lidocaine versus control during lung resection surgery on postoperative complications: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Gala, Francisco De La
name: PiĂąeiro, Patricia
name: Reyes, Almudena
name: SimĂłn, Carlos
name: Vara, Elena
name: Rancan, Lisa
name: Huerta, Luis
name: Gonzalez, Guillermo
name: Benito, Carmen
name: MuĂąoz, Marta
name: Grande, Pilar
name: Paredes, Sergio
name: Aznar, Pablo
name: Perez, Alvaro
name: Martinez, David
name: Higuero, Fernando
name: Sanz, David
name: Miguel, Juan De
name: Cruz, Patricia
name: Olmedilla, Luis
name: Gil, Elena Lopez
name: Duque, Patricia
name: Sanchez-Pedrosa, Guillermo
name: Valle, Mayte
name: Garutti, Ignacio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 121 kb)
Second Order Perturbation Theory for Improved Gluon and Staggered Quark Actions
Creators: name: Nobes, M.
name: Trottier, H.
name: Lepage, G. P.
name: Mason, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our perturbative calculations of the static quark potential, small Wilson loops, the static quark self energy, and the mean link in Landau gauge. These calculations are done for the one loop Symanzik improved gluon action, and the improved staggered quark action.
description: 3 pages, LaTeX, Lattice2001(improvement)
Loop Amplitudes and Quantum Homotopy Algebras
Creators: name: Jurco, Branislav
name: Macrelli, Tommaso
name: Saemann, Christian
name: Wolf, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a recursion relation for loop-level scattering amplitudes of Lagrangian field theories that generalises the tree-level Berends-Giele recursion relation in Yang-Mills theory. The origin of this recursion relation is the homological perturbation lemma, which allows us to compute scattering amplitudes from minimal models of quantum homotopy algebras in a recursive way. As an application of our techniques, we give an alternative proof of the relation between non-planar and planar colour-stripped scattering amplitudes.
description: 17 pages, slightly extended presentation, published version
Statistical inference in high-dimensional matrix models
Creators: name: Löffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: High-dimensional Statistics
Low-rank inference
PCA

description: Matrix models are ubiquitous in modern statistics. For instance, they are used in finance to assess interdependence of assets, in genomics to impute missing data and in movie recommender systems to model the relationship between users and movie ratings. Typically such models are either high-dimensional, meaning that the number of parameters may exceed the number of data points by many orders of magnitudes, or nonparametric in the sense that the quantity of interest is an infinite dimensional operator. This leads to new algorithms and also to new theoretical phenomena that may occur when estimating a parameter of interest or functionals of it or when constructing confidence sets. In this thesis, we will exemplarily consider three such matrix models and develop statistical theory for them: Matrix completion, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Gaussian data and transition operators of Markov chains. \\ \\ We start with matrix completion and investigate the existence of adaptive confidence sets in the 'Bernoulli' and 'trace-regression' models. In the 'Bernoulli' model we show that adaptive confidence sets do not exist when the variance of the errors is unknown, whereas we give an explicit construction in the ’trace-regression’ model. Finally, in the known variance case, we show that adaptive confidence sets do also exist in the 'Bernoulli' model based on a testing argument. \\ \\ Next, we consider PCA in a Gaussian observation model with complexity measured by the effective rank, the reciprocal of the percentage of variance explained by the first principal component. We investigate estimation of linear functionals of eigenvectors and prove Berry-Essen type bounds. Due to the high-dimensionality of the problem we discover a new phenomenon: The plug-in estimator based on the sample eigenvector can have non-negligible bias and hence may be not $\sqrt{n}$-consistent anymore. We show how to de-bias this estimator, achieving $\sqrt{n}$-convergence rates, and prove exact matching minimax lower bounds. \\ \\ Finally, we consider nonparametric estimation of the transition operator of a Markov chain and its transition density. We assume that the singular values of the transition operator decay exponentially. For example, this assumption is fulfilled by discrete, low frequency observations of periodised, reversible stochastic differential equations. Using penalization techniques from low rank matrix estimation we develop a new algorithm and show improved convergence rates.
description: Financial support of ERC grant UQMSI/647812 and EPSRC grant EP/L016516/1
Strong decays of the explicitly exotic doubly charmed $DDK$ bound state
Creators: name: Huang, Yin
name: Liu, Ming-Zhu
name: Pan, Ya-Wen
name: Geng, Li-Sheng
name: Torres, A. Martínez
name: Khemchandani, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nowadays, it is generally accepted that the $DK$ interaction in isospin zero is strongly attractive and the $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ can be described as a $DK$ molecular state. Recent studies show that the three-body $DDK$ system binds as well with a binding energy about 60$\sim$70 MeV. The $DDK$ bound state has isospin $1/2$ and spin-parity $0^-$. If discovered either experimentally or in lattice QCD, it will not only provide further support on the molecular nature of the $D_{s0}^*(2317)$, but also provide a way to understand other exotic hadrons expected to be of molecular nature. In the present work, we study its two-body strong decay widths via triangle diagrams. We find that the partial decay width into $DD_sπ$ is at the order of $2\sim3$ MeV, which seems to be within the reach of the current experiments such as BelleII. As a result, we strongly recommend this decay channel of the $DDK$ bound state to be searched for experimentally.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Semaeomyia tandilensis
Creators: name: Martinez, Juan José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Evaniidae
Semaeomyia
Semaeomyia tandilensis

description: Semaeomyia tandilensis (Brèthes)
 Brachygaster tandilensis Brèthes, 1913: 38 original description, male MACN; De Santis, 1967: 93, catalog of Argentinian species.
 Brachygaster (Semaeomyia) tandilensis, Hedicke 1939: 39, catalog of World species.
 Semaeomyia tandilensis, Deans 2005: 101, catalog of World species.
 Material examined: one male (holotype), “10006 / Tandil, 15.I.09, Esteban Caride / 11 / tandilensis Brèth / HOLOTYPUS / MACN-En 6235”.
 Remarks. The specimen is poorly preserved, lacking most of the tarsi and the metasoma posterior to the petiole.
description: Published as part of Martinez, Juan José, 2009, Taxonomic notes on the Evaniidae (Hymenoptera) described by J. Brèthes, pp. 47-50 in Zootaxa 2315 (1) on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2315.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5306855
Dynamical meson-baryon resonances with chiral Lagrangians
Creators: name: Ramos, A.
name: Parreno, A.
name: Nacher, J. C.
name: Oset, E.
name: Bennhold, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The s-wave meson-baryon interaction is studied using the lowest-order chiral Lagrangian in a unitary coupled-channels Bethe-Salpeter equation. In the strangeness $S=-1$ sector the low-energy $K^- p$ dynamics leads to the dynamical generation of the $Λ(1405)$ as a ${\bar K}N$ state, along with a good description of the $K^- p$ scattering observables. At higher energies, the $Λ(1670)$ is also found to be generated dynamically as a $K Ξ$ quasibound state for the first time. For strangeness S=0, it is the $S_{11}(1535)$ resonance that emerges from the coupled-channels equations, leading to a satisfactory description of meson-baryon scattering observables in the energy region around the $S_{11}(1535)$. We speculate on the possible dynamical generation of $Ξ$ resonances within the chiral $S=-2$ sector as ${\bar K} Λ$ or ${\bar K} Σ$ quasibound states.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Talk given at NSTAR2001, Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons, Mainz (Germany), March 7-10, to be published in World Scientific
MOESM1 of Low pH effects on reactive oxygen species and methylglyoxal metabolisms in Citrus roots and leaves
Creators: name: Long, An
name: Huang, Wei-Lin
name: Qi, Yi-Ping
name: Lin-Tong Yang
name: Lai, Ning-Wei
name: Jiu-Xin Guo
name: Chen, Li-Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Effects of low pH on Citrus sinensis (a) and Citrus grandis (b) seedlings, C. grandis leaves (c), and C. sinensis (d) and C. grandis (e) roots. Figure S2. Effects of low pH on root (a) and shoot (b) dry weight (DW) of Citrus grandis and Citrus sinensis seedlings. Figure S3. Phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) and ascorbate (ASC) oxidase (AO) activities in relation to ASC and dehydroascorbate (DHA) concentrations and ASC/(ASCâ +â DHA) ratio in leaves (a-e) and roots (f-j). Figure S4. Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and glyoxalase (Gly) I and Gly II activities in relation to methylglyoxal (MG) concentration in leaves (a-c) and roots (d-f). Figure S5. Matrices of Pearson correlation coefficients among the 60 physiological parameters in Citrus grandis (a) and Citrus sinensis (b) seedlings. Figure S6. Matrices of Pearson correlation coefficients among the 30 physiological parameters in leaves (a) and roots (b). Table S1. Principal component analysis (PCA) for physiological parameters of Citrus grandis seedlings. Table S2. Principal component analysis (PCA) for physiological parameters of Citrus sinensis seedlings. Table S3. Principal component analysis (PCA) for physiological parameters of leaves and roots.
Graded lines: using genetic variation in neuronal projections to understand functional organization
Creators: name: Phillips, James William
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Thalamus
Thalamocortical
cortex
genetics
RNAseq
microscopy

description: In this thesis, I investigated the interactions between brain regions in mice, with an emphasis on the motor system. Whilst brain areas are typically studied in isolation, they exist to act upon one other, and we lack even relatively basic principles of how brain areas interact. Here, my colleagues and I used new genetic techniques to investigate this topic. There were two major focuses. Firstly, I investigated how thalamic pathways vary, using genetic sequencing to produce a high dimensional transcriptomic profile of forebrain communication pathways. This revealed a strikingly simple organisational system in rodent thalamus, with pathways serving diverse modalities varying in a common manner. Pathways serving systems as variable as vision, navigation, motor control and somatosensation showed a similar variation in gene expression, which was functionally relevant. This establishes a common reference frame for diverse modalities of cognition. Secondly, I began an ongoing investigation of the signals that motor cortex send to subcortical motor structures. This revealed a separation of signals that project to the basal ganglia and cerebellum, opposite to existing predictions. Basal Ganglia-projecting signals encoded motor execution, whilst cerebellar projecting pathways encoded preparation- and reward-related information. These experiments motivated further investigation of these pathways, which are described within. Together, these results demonstrate the utility of focussing upon interactions between network nodes to reveal the contribution of individual nodes.
description: HHMI
Stellar Outflows Driven by Magnetized Wide-Angle Winds
Creators: name: Gardiner, T. A.
name: Frank, A.
name: Hartmann, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two-dimensional, cylindrically symmetric simulations of hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wide-angle winds interacting with a collapsing environment. These simulations have direct relevance to young stellar objects (YSOs). The results may also be of use in the study of collimated outflows from proto-planetary and planetary nebulae. We study a range of wind configurations consistent with asymptotic MHD wind collimation. The degree of collimation is parameterized by the ratio of the wind density at the pole to that of the equator. We find that a toroidal magnetic field can have a significant influence on the resulting outflow, giving rise to a very dense, jet-like flow in the post-shock region. The properties of the flow in this region are similar to the asymptotic state of a collimated MHD wind. We conclude that wide-angle MHD winds are quite likely capable of driving molecular outflows. Due to difficulty in treating MHD winds ab-initio in simulations we choose magnetic field strengths in the wind consistent slow magnetic rotators. While MHD launched winds will be in the fast rotator regime we discuss how our results, which rely on toroidal pinch effects, will hold for stronger field strengths.
BRST Reduction of Quantum Algebras with $^*$-Involutions
Creators: name: Esposito, Chiara
name: Kraft, Andreas
name: Waldmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the compatibility of the BRST reduction procedure with the Hermiticity of star products. First, we introduce the generalized notion of abstract BRST algebras with corresponding involutions. In this setting we define adjoint BRST differentials and as a consequence one gets new BRST quotients. Passing to the quantum BRST setting we show that for compact Lie groups the new quantum BRST quotient and the quantum BRST cohomology are isomorphic in zero degree implying that reduction is compatible with Hermiticity.
description: 24 pages. To appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
Additional file 14 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 14.
Kinematics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and their Relationship to Afterglows
Creators: name: Salmonson, Jay D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A strong correlation is reported between gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulse lags and afterglow jet-break times for the set of bursts (seven) with known redshifts, luminosities, pulse lags, and jet-break times. This may be a valuable clue toward understanding the connection between the burst and afterglow phases of these events. The relation is roughly linear (i.e. doubling the pulse lag in turn doubles the jet break time) and thus implies a simple relationship between these quantities. We suggest that this correlation is due to variation among bursts of emitter Doppler factor. Specifically, an increased speed or decreased angle of velocity, with respect to the observed line-of-site, of burst ejecta will result in shorter perceived pulse lags in GRBs as well as quicker evolution of the external shock of the afterglow to the time when the jet becomes obvious, i.e. the jet-break time. Thus this observed variation among GRBs may result from a perspective effect due to different observer angles of a morphologically homogeneous populations of GRBs. Also, a conjecture is made that peak luminosities not only vary inversely with burst timescale, but also are directly proportional to the spectral break energy. If true, this could provide important information for explaining the source of this break.
description: 3 pages including 3 color figures, to appear in "Gamma-Ray Burst and Afterglow Astronomy 2001", Woods Hole; 5-9 Nov, 2001
A Study on the Factors Influencing the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas Based on State-space Model
Creators: name: ZOU, Xiaofang
name: JIANG, Xueqin
name: ZOU, Xiaofang
name: JIANG, Xueqin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Income gap between urban and rural areas
subject: State-space model
subject: Stepwise regression analysis
subject: Financial development

description: The increasingly widening income gap between urban and rural areas is affected by many factors. Using the stepwise regression analysis, we find that urbanization level, socio-economic development, education level, financial development scale and financial development efficiency have the greatest impact on the income gap between urban and rural areas. By cointegration test, it is found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between these five variables and the income gap between urban and rural areas. We build the state-space model to research the dynamic impact of these factors on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The results show that by improving the level of urbanization, we can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, while socio-economic development, the improvement of education level, expansion of financial development scale and financial development efficiency all significantly expand the income gap between urban and rural areas.
Lifting Chern classes by means of Ekedahl-Oort strata
Creators: name: van der Geer, Gerard
name: Looijenga, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G18, 14G35

description: The moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties $A_g$ of genus g is defined over the integers and admits a minimal compactification $A_g^*$, also defined over the integers. The Hodge bundle over $A_g$ has its Chern classes in the Chow ring of $A_g$ with rational coefficients. We show that over the prime field $F_p$, these Chern classes naturally lift to $A_g^*$ and do so in the best possible way: despite the highly singular nature of $A_g^*$ they are represented by algebraic cycles on $A_g^*\otimes F_p$ which define elements in its bivariant Chow ring. This is in contrast to the situation in the analytic topology, where these Chern classes have canonical lifts to the complex cohomology of the minimal compactification as Goresky-Pardon classes, which are known to define nontrivial Tate extensions inside the mixed Hodge structure on this cohomology.
description: To appear in the Tunisian Journal of Mathematics
A Competitive Analysis on the Agricultural Products of China and Thailand in the U.S. Market
Creators: name: YAO, Aiping
name: WAN, Liping
name: YAO, Aiping
name: WAN, Liping
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Export competitiveness
subject: Export product similarity index
subject: Shift share method

description: This paper selects China and Thailand as a reference object. Based on the U.S. market, it analyzes the export competitiveness of the agricultural products of China and Thailand by market share and growth rate, measures the agricultural products of China and Thailand export competition degree by export product similarity index and estimates the agricultural products of China and Thailand export competitiveness strength by shift share method. The results show that: At present, in the U.S. market, the competition of the agricultural products of China and Thailand is fierce, but export growth of China's agricultural products is faster and more competitive. Finally on how to further improve China's agricultural exports competitiveness in the U.S. market and promote China's agricultural export trade to the U.S it puts forward the related countermeasures and suggestions.
W Boson Cross Section and Decay Properties at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Bloom, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurements of sigma(p\bar{p} -> W -> l nu) and sigma(p\bar{p} -> Z -> l l) at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV, along with new measurements of W angular-decay distributions in p\bar{p} collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV.
description: Submitted to ICHEP 2002 proceedings
Evaluation of the Trading Website for Agricultural Products in China
Creators: name: Meng, Lingran
name: Wu, Jun
name: Meng, Lingran
name: Wu, Jun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural products
subject: Trading website
subject: Evaluation
subject: Indicator system

description: Agricultural product trading website is not only an important way to realize the agriculture informatization, but also the main manifestation of the agricultural informatization. Based on the preliminary understanding of the content and characteristics of China’s agricultural product trading website, the paper builds a scientific evaluation indicator system and evaluates 50 typical agricultural product trading websites objectively by using classification and grading method. The results show that the overall construction level of China's agricultural product trading websites is general, and there are obvious differences between regions; the lack of website commercial function and the lag of informatization are the main factors restricting the development of agricultural product trading websites.
MOESM1 of Reproducibility and relative validity of a newly developed web-based food-frequency questionnaire for assessment of preconception diet
Creators: name: L. Salvesen
name: E. Hillesund
name: F. Vik
name: A. BrantsĂŚter
name: N. ĂVerby
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Diet today â health of tomorrow, food-frequency questionnaire. The English version of the food-frequency questionnaire developed and tested in the study.
Theory and Practice of Marine Regional Management in China
Creators: name: JI, Shangjie
name: QU, Qunzhen
name: JI, Shangjie
name: QU, Qunzhen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: China
subject: Marine regional management
subject: Theory
subject: Practice

description: With the development of marine economy in coastal provinces and cities, there comes a series of environmental problems. Marine regional management, as a completely new marine management mode, transforms traditional management mode and can protect marine ecosystem. Thus, the marine regional management is feasible and applicable in China. This paper firstly discussed connotation and development of the marine regional management in China and pointed that the marine regional management is integrated management of a certain marine region. Next, it summarized characteristics of the marine regional management at current stage, for example, land-based pollution of trans-geographic system and marine management under regional government cooperative mechanism. Finally, it came up with recommendations including combining theory and practice of the marine regional management, and establishing marine regional management system as soon as possible, to realize benign interaction and sustainable development of marine economy and ecological environment.
Assessing Performance Impacts in Food Retail Distribution Systems: A Stochastic Frontier Model Correcting for Sample Selection
Creators: name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: food retailing
subject: sample selection
subject: self-distribution
subject: stochastic frontier

description: A key organizational decision for retailers is whether to self-distribute or rely on a wholesaler-supplied network and yet little is known about the impact of this strategic choice on store-level productivity. We estimate a stochastic frontier model for food retailers that accounts for selectivity effects linked to the choice of distribution strategy. We find that adoption of data-sharing technologies has a positive impact on store-level gross margins of stores in self-distributing chains. Technical inefficiency among U.S. food retailers leads to a gross margin that is around $5,000 less for a conventional food retailer and about $7,670 less for a supercenter.
Additional file 15 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 15.
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING CREATIVE COMPETENCIES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS (IN THE EXAMPLE OF MOTHER TONGUE AND READING LITERACY)
Creators: name: Primary education teacher of Navoi Innovation University:  Jabborova Gulrukh. Scientific supervisor: Tosheva Nilufar Shirinboyevna.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In the classes of native language and reading literacy, it is intended to form the skills of correct, fast, and conscious reading in the student, to raise them from an ordinary book reader to the level of a creative reader who makes deep reflections, to expand the knowledge about the surrounding existence through reading, to enrich their worldview, to read and understand any style of text, to acquire the skill of critical creative thinking. The main task of elementary school mother tongue and reading classes is to prepare students for educational activities, to form a person who can communicate with others and convey his opinion to others in an understandable way.

Key words: speech, speech culture, elementary school, students, methodology, native language reading literacy
MOESM8 of Isocitrate lyase plays important roles in plant salt tolerance
Creators: name: Worawat Yuenyong
name: Supaart Sirikantaramas
name: Qu, Li-Jia
name: Teerapong Buaboocha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 8. The inserted T-DNA location on the icl Arabidopsis mutant (GK-008E03) and the positions of the primers for icl Arabidopsis mutant genotyping: LP and RP represent primers locating on the AtICL gene and LB represents primer locating on the inserted T-DNA.
Efficient Task-Specific Data Valuation for Nearest Neighbor Algorithms
Creators: name: Jia, Ruoxi
name: Dao, David
name: Wang, Boxin
name: Hubis, Frances Ann
name: Gurel, Nezihe Merve
name: Li, Bo
name: Zhang, Ce
name: Spanos, Costas J.
name: Song, Dawn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a data set $\mathcal{D}$ containing millions of data points and a data consumer who is willing to pay for \$$X$ to train a machine learning (ML) model over $\mathcal{D}$, how should we distribute this \$$X$ to each data point to reflect its "value"? In this paper, we define the "relative value of data" via the Shapley value, as it uniquely possesses properties with appealing real-world interpretations, such as fairness, rationality and decentralizability. For general, bounded utility functions, the Shapley value is known to be challenging to compute: to get Shapley values for all $N$ data points, it requires $O(2^N)$ model evaluations for exact computation and $O(N\log N)$ for $(ε, δ)$-approximation. In this paper, we focus on one popular family of ML models relying on $K$-nearest neighbors ($K$NN). The most surprising result is that for unweighted $K$NN classifiers and regressors, the Shapley value of all $N$ data points can be computed, exactly, in $O(N\log N)$ time -- an exponential improvement on computational complexity! Moreover, for $(ε, δ)$-approximation, we are able to develop an algorithm based on Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) with only sublinear complexity $O(N^{h(ε,K)}\log N)$ when $ε$ is not too small and $K$ is not too large. We empirically evaluate our algorithms on up to $10$ million data points and even our exact algorithm is up to three orders of magnitude faster than the baseline approximation algorithm. The LSH-based approximation algorithm can accelerate the value calculation process even further. We then extend our algorithms to other scenarios such as (1) weighed $K$NN classifiers, (2) different data points are clustered by different data curators, and (3) there are data analysts providing computation who also requires proper valuation.
MOESM6 of Isocitrate lyase plays important roles in plant salt tolerance
Creators: name: Worawat Yuenyong
name: Supaart Sirikantaramas
name: Qu, Li-Jia
name: Teerapong Buaboocha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Schematic diagrams showing construction of the recombinant plasmid for overexpressing OsICL employing directional TOPO and Gateway cloning strategies.
MOESM7 of Isocitrate lyase plays important roles in plant salt tolerance
Creators: name: Worawat Yuenyong
name: Supaart Sirikantaramas
name: Qu, Li-Jia
name: Teerapong Buaboocha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 7. Nucleotide sequences of the primers used for PCR genotyping the wild type, the aticl mutant, and the transgenic Arabidopsis lines.
Non-ideality of quantum operations with the electron spin of a 31P donor in a Si crystal due to interaction with a nuclear spin system
Creators: name: Saikin, S.
name: Fedichkin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a 31P donor electron spin in a Si crystal to be used for the purposes of quantum computation. The interaction with an uncontrolled system of 29Si nuclear spins influences the electron spin dynamics appreciably. The hyperfine field at the 29Si nuclei positions is non-collinear with the external magnetic field. Quantum operations with the electron wave function, i.e. using magnetic field pulses or electrical gates, change the orientation of hyperfine field and disturb the nuclear spin system. This disturbance produces a deviation of the electron spin qubit from an ideal state, at a short time scale in comparison with the nuclear spin diffusion time. For H_ext=9 T, the estimated error rate is comparable to the threshold value required by the quantum error correction algorithms. The rate is lower at higher external magnetic fields.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Radical Pluralism, Ontological Underdetermination, and the Role of Values in Species Classification
Creators: name: Conix, Stijn
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Species classification
values in science
natural kinds
classification
Ontological underdetermination

description: The main claim of this thesis is that value-judgments should play a profound role in the construction and evaluation of species classifications. The arguments for this claim will be presented over the course of five chapters. These are divided into two main parts; part one, which consists of the two first chapters, presents an argument for a radical form of species pluralism; part two, which comprises the remaining chapters, discusses the implications of radical species pluralism for the role of values in species classification. The content of the five chapters is as follows. Chapter 1 starts with a discussion of the theoretical assumptions concerning species and natural kinds that form the broad framework within which the arguments of the thesis are placed. The aim of this chapter is to introduce a set of relatively uncontroversial assumptions that frame the rest of the thesis. On the basis of these assumptions, chapter 2 presents an argument for radical species pluralism. The chapter substantiates this argument with a broad range of examples, and compares this position to other forms of species pluralism. Chapter 3 returns to the main interest of the thesis, namely, the role of values in species classification. It introduces the notion of values and presents an argument for the value-ladenness of taxonomy on the basis of the considerations in the first two chapters. It then sketches three important views on values in science in the literature. Chapter 4 argues that the case presented in chapter 3 provides strong support for one of these views, called the ‘Aims View’, and against two other prominent views, called the ‘Epistemic Priority View’ and the ‘Value-Free Ideal’. The resulting view, in line with the Aims View, is that value-judgments should play a particularly substantial role in species classification. Chapter 5 then considers the popular assumption that these value-judgments in taxonomy commonly take the shape of generally accepted classificatory norms, and argues that this assumption is not tenable. Finally, a brief concluding chapter points at some implications of the claims and arguments in this thesis.
description: AHRC Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) - AHRC - Walker Studentship SHSS PhD Bursary Maintenance Award
Additional file 16 of Does a high dietary intake of resistant starch affect glycaemic control and alter the gut microbiome in women with gestational diabetes? A randomised control trial protocol
Creators: name: Latino, Cathy
name: Gianatti, Emily J.
name: Mehta, Shailender
name: Lo, Johnny
name: Devine, Amanda
name: Christophersen, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 16.
The Impact of Pasture Insurance on Farmland Values
Creators: name: Ifft, Jennifer
name: Wu, Shang
name: Kuethe, Todd
name: Ifft, Jennifer
name: Wu, Shang
name: Kuethe, Todd
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: farmland values
subject: insurance
subject: June Area Survey

description: This study examines the impact of publicly supported insurance on agricultural land values. The analysis employs confidential, nationally representative panel data on field-level pastureland values and exploits a natural experiment provided by gradual introduction of the Pasture, Rangeland, and Forage Insurance Pilot Program. We use a field-level fixed-effects model that controls for several time-variant factors. We find that insurance availability is associated with an increase of at least 4 percent in pastureland values. This increase is comparable with increases generated by other government programs but is much smaller than total farmland value increases experienced in recent years.
MOESM5 of Isocitrate lyase plays important roles in plant salt tolerance
Creators: name: Worawat Yuenyong
name: Supaart Sirikantaramas
name: Qu, Li-Jia
name: Teerapong Buaboocha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5. Schematic diagrams showing construction of the recombinant plasmid for expressing OsICL under the control of AtICL promoter. A) the three fragments were inserted into pTZ57R/T employing restriction site cloning strategy, and the target fragments were amplified from the recombinant plasmid GUS-NOS-pAtICL-OsICL-pTZ57R/T by PCR. B) The GUS-NOS-pAtICL-OsICL cassette was directionally inserted into pENTR/DTOPO employing “CACC” site, then it was subcloned into pK2GW7, the destination vector, by Gateway cloning strategy.