cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Rotunde und Baldachin: Die Raumgliederung der guarinesken Kirchen Böhmens
Creators: name: Hubala, Erich
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 720

description: Jede entwicklungsgeschichtliche Interpretation des Architekturhistorikers taugt nur insoweit und solange, als sie nicht durch die Denkmäler selbst widerlegt wird. Ist das der Fall, kann man zeigen, daß sie auf unrichtigen Beobachtungen oder auf falschen Schlußfolgerungen oder auf der Nichtbeachtung wichtiger historischer Zusammenhänge beruht, wird sie obsolet und muß durch eine andere ersetzt werden, die dem baulichen Sachverhalt gerecht wird und sich auch in weiterem als dem regionalen Bereich bewährt.
Das trifft zu für die Transformationstheorie, die Heinrich Gerhard Franz seit 1942 in verschiedenen Varianten dadurch vertritt, daß er die guarinesken Kirchenräume Böhmens durch Verbiegen oder Runden aus orthogonal strukturierten entstanden denkt und ihre bauliche Gestalt durch eine solche gestaltpsychologische Simulation genetisch-historisch erklären will.
Auf eine solche Erklärung müssen wir jedoch zugunsten der historischen Erkenntnis verzichten, daß es sich bei den guarinesken Kirchenräumen Böhmens um Raumgliederung, nicht um Deformation handelt, daß also das äußerliche Merkmal der "Kurve", das bei diesen Bauten ins Auge fällt, nicht aus der "Geraden", sondern daß Kurve und Gerade durch Zusammenfügung und Ineinanderbildung einzelner Raumglieder entstanden sind. Solche uns fremd gewordene Art zu inventieren schlägt sich in einem besonderen Konstruktions-Maßwerk der Entwürfe nieder, das auf vielen erhaltenen Zeichnungen überliefert ist und von Paul Frankl, Oldrich Stefan, Albert Erich Brinckmann, Günther Neumann, Miroslav Korecky, Hans Reuther, Harmen Thies und Bernhard Schütz - um nur die wichtigsten Autoren zu nennen - studiert und interpretiert wurde. Zweifellos liegen die Wurzeln dieser Praxis im Begriff der seit Brunelleschi in der Baukunst Italiens entwickelten und geübten architektonischen Komposition.
RTT relations, a modified braid equation and noncommutative planes
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: With the known group relations for the elements $(a,b,c,d)$ of a quantum matrix $T$ as input a general solution of the $RTT$ relations is sought without imposing the Yang - Baxter constraint for $R$ or the braid equation for $\hat{R} = PR$. For three biparametric deformatios, $GL_{(p,q)}(2), GL_{(g,h)}(2)$ and $GL_{(q,h)}(1/1)$, the standard,the nonstandard and the hybrid one respectively, $R$ or $\hat{R}$ is found to depend, apart from the two parameters defining the deformation in question, on an extra free parameter $K$,such that only for two values of $K$, given explicitly for each case, one has the braid equation. Arbitray $K$ corresponds to a class (conserving the group relations independent of $K$) of the MQYBE or modified quantum YB equations studied by Gerstenhaber, Giaquinto and Schak. Various properties of the triparametric $\hat{R}(K;p,q)$, $\hat{R}(K;g,h)$ and $\hat{R}(K;q,h)$ are studied. In the larger space of the modified braid equation (MBE) even $\hat{R}(K;p,q)$ can satisfy $\hat{R}^2 = 1$ outside braid equation (BE) subspace. A generalized, $K$- dependent, Hecke condition is satisfied by each 3-parameter $\hat{R}$. The role of $K$ in noncommutative geometries of the $(K;p,q)$,$(K;g,h)$ and $(K;q,h)$ deformed planes is studied. K is found to introduce a "soft symmetry breaking", preserving most interesting properties and leading to new interesting ones. Further aspects to be explored are indicated.
description: Latex, 17 pages, minor changes
Fundamentals of Power Allocation Strategies for Downlink Multi-user NOMA with Target Rates
Creators: name: Oviedo, Jose Armando
name: Sadjadpour, Hamid R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.1; H.1.1
subject: E.1, H.1.1

description: For downlink multi-user non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems with successive interference cancellation (SIC) receivers, and a base-station not possessing the instantaneous channel gains, the fundamental relationship between the target rates and power allocation is investigated. It is proven that the total interference from signals not removed by SIC has a fundamental upper-limit which is a function of the target rates, and the outage probability is one when exceeding this limit. The concept of well-behaved power allocation strategies is defined, and its properties are proven to be derived solely based on the target rates. The existence of power allocation strategies that enable NOMA to outperform OMA in per-user outage probability is proven, and are always well-behaved for the case when the outage probability performance of NOMA and OMA are equal for all users. The proposed SIC decoding order is then shown to the most energy efficient. The derivation of well-behaved power allocation strategies that have improved outage probability performance over OMA for each user is outlined. Simulations validate the theoretical results, demonstrating that NOMA systems can always outperform OMA systems in outage probability performance, without relying on the exact channel gains.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions of Wireless Communications, Early Access, Dec 2019, 14 pages, 6 figures
Jasminum fluminense Vell.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Oleaceae
Jasminum
Jasminum fluminense

description: Jasminum fluminense Vell.  —
Habit: Liana.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 2 700 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Naru Moru, Alt. 1676– 2650 m, 3 Mar. 1933, Blake 2554 (EA).
References: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 80, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Stimulated Raman Excited Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Microscopy
Creators: Xiong, Hanqing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Raman spectroscopy
Optical spectroscopy
Chemistry, Physical and theoretical
Optics

description: Powerful optical spectroscopic and imaging tools have revolutionized many areas of science and technology. The detection sensitivity and chemical specificity are two major considerations when characterizing an optical technique. The fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy provide excellent sensitivity down to single molecules. However, its reliance on probing the electronic transition limits the obtainable chemical information. In contrast, vibrational spectroscopy such as Raman scattering provides exquisite chemical specificity about the molecular structure, dynamics, and coupling with the environment. However, Raman scattering is intrinsically weak, and its cross sections are many orders of magnitudes smaller than those of fluorescence. The efforts that trying to bridge these two powerful methods can be traced back to the 1980s. But it was until our attempt in 2019, by carefully tuning the electronic pre-resonance and optimizing the excitation duration, the first successful Raman-featured fluorescence spectroscopy was demonstrated. This hybrid technique was named as stimulated Raman excited fluorescence (SREF). As expected, SREF combines both high sensitivity and exquisite chemical specificity, which enables the first all-far-field single-molecule Raman spectroscopy and imaging. This thesis is trying to provide a comprehensive interpretation of SREF, and at the same time serves as a practical guide for experiments and instrumentation. In chapter 1, the early (unsuccessful) attempts for SREF spectroscopy are reviewed. Additionally, I briefly summarize the basic theory for single- and multi-photon excitation process of a single fluorophore, from which the feasibility of SREF spectroscopy is explained. Chapter 2 is mainly focused on the instrumental details of the first successful SREF spectroscopy, and the basic spectroscopic features of SREF are summarized. The generality of SREF spectroscopy is systematically discussed in Chapter 3, and a rule-of-thumb criterion for successful SREF excitation based on the simple two-beam excitation strategy is proposed. Aimed at background-free SREF microscopy, a three-beam system based on nonlinear fiber optics and lock-in detection is illustrated in Chapter 4. In chapter 5, the first attempt to combine SREF and the stimulated emission depletion (STED) for an all-far-field super-resolution vibrational imaging is proposed. At last, as a simple application of SREF microscopy, SREF-based vibrational Stark spectroscopy on visualizing the electrostatic field at the water-oil interface of microdroplets is discussed (Chapter 6).
Different routes to chaos via strange nonchaotic attractor in a quasiperiodically forced system
Creators: name: Venkatesan, A.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper focusses attention on the strange nonchaotic attractors (SNA) of a quasiperiodically forced dynamical system. Several routes, including the standard ones by which the appearance of strange nonchaotic attractors takes place, are shown to be realizable in the same model over a two parameters ($f-ε$) domain of the system. In particular, the transition through torus doubling to chaos via SNA, torus breaking to chaos via SNA and period doubling bifurcations of fractal torus are demonstrated with the aid of the two parameter ($f-ε$) phase diagram. More interestingly, in order to approach the strange nonchaotic attractor, the existence of several new bifurcations on the torus corresponding to the novel phenomenon of torus bubbling are described. Particularly, we point out the new routes to chaos, namely, (1) two frequency quasiperiodicity $\to$ torus doubling $\to$ torus merging followed by the gradual fractalization of torus to chaos, (2) two frequency quasiperiodicity $\to$ torus doubling $\to$ wrinkling $\to$ SNA $\to$ chaos $\to$ SNA $\to$ wrinkling $\to$ inverse torus doubling $\to$ torus $\to$ torus bubbles followed by the onset of torus breaking to chaos via SNA or followed by the onset of torus doubling route to chaos via SNA. The existence of the strange nonchaotic attractor is confirmed by calculating several characterizing quantities such as Lyapunov exponents, winding numbers, power spectral measures and dimensions. The mechanism behind the various bifurcations are also briefly discussed.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, ReVTeX (to appear in Phys. Rev. E)
Symmetries in two-dimensional dilaton gravity with matter
Creators: name: Navarro, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetries of generic 2D dilaton models of gravity with (and without) matter are studied in some detail. It is shown that $δ_2$, one of the symmetries of the matterless models, can be generalized to the case where matter fields of any kind are present. The general (classical) solution for some of these models, in particular those coupled to chiral matter, which generalizes the Vaidya solution of Einstein Gravity, is also given.
description: Minor changes have been made; the references have been updated and some added; 11 pages. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Stimulus Control for Making Math Verbal
Creators: Sun, Yifei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mathematics--Study and teaching
Word problems (Mathematics)--Study and teaching
Middle school students
Learning disabled children--Education (Secondary)

description: In three experiments, I first examined the correlation between the presence of transformation of stimulus function (TSF) across computation and the presence of TSF across saying and writing for spelling words, and then tested the effects of the establishment of TSF across saying and writing on the establishment of TSF across math operants. Eight middle school students with learning disabilities participated in experiments I and II. All participants demonstrated reader/writer and math skills such as textual responding and using counting strategies to solve one-step word problems. Four of the eight participants also demonstrated TSF across saying and writing for spelling. The dependent variables of Experiment I were the accuracy and fluency of solving word problems after receiving fluency training on math facts, as well as the number of counting strategies used when solving word problems. Results showed that all participants with TSF across saying and writing for spelling demonstrated significant increases in both their accuracy and fluency when responding to word problems (i.e., ES = 1) whereas participants who did not demonstrate TSF across saying and writing for spelling demonstrated minimal gain from accuracy and fluency training of math facts (i.e., mean ES = 0.3). Experiment II tested the effects of fluency and accuracy training of word problems on the accurate and fluent responding to math facts and other math operants. Results showed that accuracy and fluency training had large effects on all participants (i.e., ES = 1). Participants who did not demonstrate TSF also demonstrated larger improvement (i.e., ES > 0.67) compared to Experiment I. The results of Experiments I and II demonstrated an association between TSF across math operants and TSF across saying and writing for spelling. Experiment III further tested for a functional relation by examining the effects of the establishment of TSF across saying and writing for spelling on the establishment of TSF across math operants with three of the participants who did not demonstrate TSF across saying and writing for spelling in the first two experiments. Upon establishment of TSF across saying and writing for spelling words, all three participants demonstrated TSF across math operants (i.e., increased accuracy and fluency of word problems, extinction of counting strategies). The results of the three experiments suggest the importance of teaching math as a verbal behavior, more specifically, as a speaker-as-own-listener behavior instead of as visual match-to-sample repertoires. Future replication of the procedure is needed to extend the external validity of the current experiments.
Self-force and the Huygens principle
Creators: name: Khusnutdinov, Nail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a relation between the Huygens Principle (HP) in gravity and the self-interaction force. We show that the self-force for an electric particle in the plane gravitational wave space-time has no tail term even the vector Green function does not obey the HP. The reason for this observation is that even vector potential does not obey the HP, the electromagnetic field does obey.
description: 4 pages
Pristiphora nievesi Haris 2004
Creators: name: Taeger, Andreas
name: París, Mercedes
name: Nieves-Aldrey, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pristiphora
Pristiphora nievesi

description: Pristiphora nievesi Haris, 2004
A valid species, Pristiphora (Pristiphora) nievesi Haris, 2004.
Type. Pristiphora nievesi Haris, 2004b: 164–165. Holotype “El Ventorrillo, 1480 m, Madrid ” (MNCN _Ent 100207, see http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.763315). Type locality: Spain: Madrid: El Ventorrillo, 1480 m. Paratypes: 3 ♀ same data (MNCN _Ent 100208, 100209 and 100210). All specimens MNCN Cat. Tipos Nº 9876.
description: Published as part of Taeger, Andreas, París, Mercedes & Nieves-Aldrey, Jose Luis, 2014, The type specimens of sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, pp. 103-138 in Zootaxa 3790 (1) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4914035
title: Numerische Entfaltung von Meßwertfunktionen zur zeitdynamischen Signalanalyse
Creators: name: Keßler, Franz
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 530

description: Die zeitdynamische Meßwertfunktion bei einem Experiment stellt die "Faltung" der an sich gesuchten Zeitfunktionen der Signalgröße mit der Deltaimpuls-Responsefunktion des Meßgerätes dar. Es wird ein numerisches Verfahren der exakten "Entfaltung" angegeben, das die üblichen approximativen Rekursionsverfahren ersetzt. Es arbeitet schnell und kann mit Kleincomputern leicht realisiert werden.
Sodann wird gezeigt, wie mit der "Kommutation" der Entfaltung die Deltaimpuls-Responsefunktion eines konkreten Gerätes experimentell bestimmt werden kann. Dazu genügt die Applikation einer beliebigen Test-Signalfunktion, typischerweise eines Rechteckimpulses endlicher, aber im Prinzip beliebiger Länge.
In einer ergänzenden Diskussion wird auf den Einfluß des statistisch überlagerten Rauschens der Meßwerte auf die Entfaltungsresultate eingegangen. Die Resultate bei der zusätzlichen Anwendung von Glättungsoperationen werden angegeben.
description: In dynamic experiments the measured values depending on time are different from the wanted signal function because we have always a convolution of the signal function with the delta-puls response function of the measuring instrument. An algorithm is given to solve the problem of deconvolution in an exact manner. This numerical algorithm substitute the approximative deconvolution methodes given elsewhere. The given algorithm is simple with respect to the numerical procedure and works very quickly. Moreover it can be realized on personal computers.
Based on the commutation property the given method of deconvolution is also used to determine the needed delta-puls response function of a concrete experimental apparatus by means of an arbitrary test puls applicated in place of the sample. The test puls normally is a rectangular puls of in principle arbitrary duration.
In a separate chapter the problem of deconvolution of measured functions containing noise is discussed. The result of additively smoothing operations is shown.
Jasminum grandiflorum subsp. floribundum P. S. Green
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Oleaceae
Jasminum
Jasminum grandiflorum
Jasminum grandiflorum l. subsp. floribundum (r.br. ex fresen.) p.s.green

description: Jasminum grandiflorum L. subsp. floribundum (R.Br. ex Fresen.) P.S.Green  —
Habit: Shrub.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Near Lake Nkunga, Alt. 1 860 m, 8Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003815 (EA).
References: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 80, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Effect of noise on coupled chaotic systems
Creators: name: Roy, Manojit
name: Amritkar, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effect of noise in inducing order on various chaotically evolving systems is reviewed, with special emphasis on systems consisting of coupled chaotic elements. In many situations it is observed that the uncoupled elements when driven by identical noise, show synchronization phenomena where chaotic trajectories exponentially converge towards a single noisy trajectory, independent of the initial conditions. In a random neural network, with infinite range coupling, chaos is suppressed due to noise and the system evolves towards a fixed point. Spatiotemporal stochastic resonance phenomenon has been observed in a square array of coupled threshold devices where a temporal characteristic of the system resonates at a given noise strength. In a chaotically evolving coupled map lattice with logistic map as local dynamics and driven by identical noise at each site, we report that the number of structures (a structure is a group of neighbouring lattice sites for whom values of the variable follow certain predefined pattern) follow a power-law decay with the length of the structure. An interesting phenomenon, which we call stochastic coherence, is also reported in which the abundance and lifetimes of these structures show characteristic peaks at some intermediate noise strength.
description: 21 page LaTeX file for text, 5 Postscript files for figures
Benchmarking of large-strain consolidation, sedimentation, and creep process for oil-sands tailings
Creators: name: Chaudhary, Krishna
name: Fredlund, Murray
name: Lu, Haihua
name: Xu, Lianmin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Recent efforts in numerical modeling of the tailings consolidation processes for oil-sands tailings have raised fundamental questions related to the processes of large-strain consolidation and sedimentation. At which point does consolidation dominate? What about the sedimentation process? What about creep? The numerical modeling of the consolidation of oil-sand tailings becomes challenging if the fundamental process has not yet been established. This paper examines each of these three theories and how they relate to existing benchmarks. The performance of individual processes of large-strain consolidation, sedimentation, and the creep processes are studied. The benchmarking of single and multi-stage consolidation models is examined in light of their application the layered deposition currently proposed in industry. The performance of each theory in light of Standpipes 1 & 3 from the University of Alberta is examined in light of how each theory matches reality. The performance of each theory related to oil-sand and non-oil-sand materials is examined and reviewed. From this paper it is desired that further clarity relating to the reasonable application of each theory can be obtained for future studies and applications of the numerical methodology.
title: Filterabbildungen : Herrn Professor Dr. Hans Robert Müller zum achtzigsten Geburtstag
Creators: name: Kowalsky, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 510

description: Ultrafilter spielen zum Beispiel in der Analysis und in der Topologie, in der Algebra und in der Modelltheorie eine wichtige Rolle und stellen ein wirkungsvolles Konstruktionsmittel dar. Abgesehen von Trivialfällen, entzieht sich jedoch die Struktur von Ultrafiltern einer einfachen Beschreibung. Zwar kann man mit gegebenen Ultrafiltern neue Ultrafilter erzeugen, deren Aufbau komplizierter zu sein scheint; aber ein befriedigender Strukturvergleich bereitet erhebliche Schwierigkeiten. Ein naheliegendes Hilfsmittel hierzu sind Abbildungen, die Filter auf Filter abbilden und die mit den Operationen des Filterverbands in geeigneter Weise gekoppelt sind. Der Untersuchung derartiger Filterabbildungen dienen die folgenden Betrachtungen, die sich stets auf eine feste unendliche Grundmenge X beziehen.
Ein erster Abschnitt dient der Zusammenstellung von Begriffen und Bezeichnungen. Die Filter von X bilden hinsichtlich der mengentheoretischen Inklusion einen vollständigen, distributiven Verband. Hier wird jedoch die duale Ordnung bevorzugt, weil bei ihr den Operationen des Filterverbands direkt die entsprechenden mengentheoretischen Operationen bei den Filtermengen entsprechen.
Im zweiten Abschnitt werden die von Abbildungen X -> X induzierten Filterabbildungen betrachtet. Sie werden zur Definition von "einfachen" Ultrafiltern benutzt, die auf eine weitere Art gekennzeichnet werden und über die ein Existenzsatz bewiesen wird.
Der dritte Abschnitt befaßt sich mit Booleschen Homomorphismen, nämlich mit Abbildungen des Potenzmengenverbandes von X in sich, die mit der Vereinigungs-, Durchschnitts- und Komplementbildung vertauschbar sind. Auch sie induzieren Filterabbildungen, deren Eigenschaften näher untersucht werden. Insbesondere ergibt sich ein Überblick über alle möglichen Booleschen Homomorphismen, und es wird ein von Punktabbildungen her bekannter Satz auf Boolesche Homomorphismen erweitert.
Im letzten Abschnitt werden schließlich Filter der Menge aller Abbildungen X -> X herangezogen, die ihrerseits Filterabbildungen im Filterverband von X induzieren. Die Klasse dieser Filterabbildungen, für die ebenfalls Existenz- und Kennzeichnungssätze bewiesen werden, erweist sich als außerordentlich reichhaltig.
Vine Robots: Design, Teleoperation, and Deployment for Navigation and Exploration
Creators: name: Coad, Margaret M.
name: Blumenschein, Laura H.
name: Cutler, Sadie
name: Zepeda, Javier A. Reyna
name: Naclerio, Nicholas D.
name: El-Hussieny, Haitham
name: Mehmood, Usman
name: Ryu, Jee-Hwan
name: Hawkes, Elliot W.
name: Okamura, Allison M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new class of continuum robots has recently been explored, characterized by tip extension, significant length change, and directional control. Here, we call this class of robots "vine robots," due to their similar behavior to plants with the growth habit of trailing. Due to their growth-based movement, vine robots are well suited for navigation and exploration in cluttered environments, but until now, they have not been deployed outside the lab. Portability of these robots and steerability at length scales relevant for navigation are key to field applications. In addition, intuitive human-in-the-loop teleoperation enables movement in unknown and dynamic environments. We present a vine robot system that is teleoperated using a custom designed flexible joystick and camera system, long enough for use in navigation tasks, and portable for use in the field. We report on deployment of this system in two scenarios: a soft robot navigation competition and exploration of an archaeological site. The competition course required movement over uneven terrain, past unstable obstacles, and through a small aperture. The archaeological site required movement over rocks and through horizontal and vertical turns. The robot tip successfully moved past the obstacles and through the tunnels, demonstrating the capability of vine robots to achieve navigation and exploration tasks in the field.
description: IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, 2019. Video available at https://youtu.be/9NtXUL69g_k
Stochastic Approximation Algorithms in the Estimation of Quasi-Stationary Distribution of Finite and General State Space Markov Chains
Creators: Zheng, Shuheng
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Operations research

description: This thesis studies stochastic approximation algorithms for estimating the quasi-stationary distribution of Markov chains. Existing numerical linear algebra methods and probabilistic methods might be computationally demanding and intractable in large state spaces. We take our motivation from a heuristic described in the physics literature and use the stochastic approximation framework to analyze and extend it.
      The thesis begins by looking at the finite dimensional setting. The finite dimensional quasi-stationary estimation algorithm was proposed in the Physics literature by [#latestoliveira, #oliveiradickman1, #dickman], however no proof was given there and it was not recognized as a stochastic approximation algorithm. This and related schemes were analyzed in the context of urn problems and the consistency of the estimator is shown there [#aldous1988two, #pemantle, #athreya]. The rate of convergence is studied by [#athreya] in special cases only. The first chapter provides a different proof of the algorithm's consistency and establishes a rate of convergence in more generality than [#athreya]. It is discovered that the rate of convergence is only fast when a certain restrictive eigenvalue condition is satisfied. Using the tool of iterate averaging, the algorithm can be modified and we can eliminate the eigenvalue condition.
      The thesis then moves onto the general state space discrete-time Markov chain setting. In this setting, the stochastic approximation framework does not have a strong theory in the current literature, so several of the convergence results have to be adapted because the iterates of our algorithm are measure-valued The chapter formulates the quasi-stationary estimation algorithm in this setting. Then, we extend the ODE method of [#kushner2003stochastic] and proves the consistency of algorithm. Through the proof, several non-restrictive conditions required for convergence of the algorithm are discovered.
      Finally, the thesis tests the algorithm by running some numerical experiments. The examples are designed to test the algorithm in various edge cases. The algorithm is also empirically compared against the Fleming-Viot method.
Olea capensis subsp. macrocarpa I. Verd.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Oleaceae
Olea
Olea capensis
Olea capensis l. subsp. macrocarpa (c.h.wright) i.verd.

description: Olea capensis L. subsp. macrocarpa (C.H.Wright) I.Verd.  —
Habit: Tree.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 1 400–2 800 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Chogoria Route, Alt. 2 355 m, 28 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002946 (HIB).
References: Fries (1923b), Bussmann (1993, 1994, 2006), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998, 1999), K.F.S. (2010).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 80, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
JULOC: A Local 3-D Refined Crust Model for the Geoneutrino Measurement at JUNO
Creators: name: Gao, Ruohan
name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Han, Ran
name: Wang, Andong
name: Li, Yu-Feng
name: Xi, Yufei
name: Liu, Jingao
name: Mao, Xin
name: Sun, Yao
name: Xu, Ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geothermal energy is the key to drive the plate tectonics and interior thermodynamics of the Earth. The surface heat flux, as measured in boreholes, provide limited insights into the relative contributions of primordial versus radiogenic sources of the heat budget of the mantle. Geoneutrinos, electron antineutrinos that produced from the radioactive decay of the heat producing elements, are unique probes that bring direct information about the amount and distribution of heat producing elements in the crust and mantle. Cosmochemical, geochemical, and geodynamic compositional models of the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) individually predicts different mantle neutrino fluxes, and therefore can be distinguished by the direct measurement of geoneutrinos. The 20 kton detector of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), currently under construction in the Guangdong Province (China), is expected to provide an exciting opportunity to obtain a high statistics measurement, which will produce sufficient data to address several key questions of geological importance. To test different compositional models of the mantle, an accurate estimation of the crust geoneutrino flux based on a three-dimensional (3-D) crust model in advance is important. This paper presents a 3-D crust model over a surface area of 10-degrees-times-10-degrees grid surrounding the JUNO detector and a depth down to the Moho discontinuity, based on the geological, geophysical and geochemistry properties. The 3-D model provides a distinction of the volumes of the different geological layers together with the corresponding Th and U abundances. We also present our predicted local contribution to the total geoneutrino flux and the corresponding radiogenic heat.
description: 43 pages, 14 figures, with 8 figures in the Appendix, final version published in Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors
title: Hüllflächen und assoziierte Kurven in der räumlichen Kinematik : Herrn Professor Dr. Hans Robert Müller zum achtzigsten Geburtstag
Creators: name: Meyer, Peter
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 510

description: In den Anwendungen der Kinematik treten häufig kinematisch erzeugte Hüllflächenpaare auf. Diese Untersuchungen gehen unter anderen zurück auf H.R. Müller und J. Hoschek. Entsprechendes Rollgleiten von Kurvenpaaren in der Ebene und auf der Kugel wurde von H.R. Müller insoweit geklärt, als die Fragestellung nach allen rollgleitenden Kurvenpaaren bei gegebener Rollgleitzahl auf eine gewöhnliche Differentialgleichung führt. Bei dem analogen räumlichen Problem stieß H.R. Müller auf ein System aus drei linearen partiellen Differentialgleichungen 1.Ordnung und zeigte geometrischen Gesichtspunkten folgend, daß sich dieses System auf eine partielle nichtlineare "Riccatische" Differentialgleichung transformieren läßt.
Es soll hier gezeigt werden, daß das lineare partielle Differentialgleichungssystem sogar zu einem linearen gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungssystem äquivalent ist. Hiermit im Zusammenhang steht eine Charakteristikentheorie für partielle Differentialgleichungen mit gleichem Hauptteil, die zu einer einfachen kinematischen Interpretation führt.
description: Sliding surfaces in spatial kinematics are immensely important in practical kinematics and especially in mechanisms. Basic theoretical ideas are published in [1] and [2]. In the following paper the equivalence of three differential equations of sliding surfaces and of associated curves in the sense of G. Koenigs will be shown by means of the characteristic theory of systems of partial differential equations with the same principal part. The results can easily be generalized to any finite dimensions.
Disks in Expanding FRW Universes
Creators: name: Feinstein, A.
name: Ibáñez, J.
name: Lazkoz, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct exact solutions to Einstein equations which represent relativistic disks immersed into an expanding FRW Universe. It is shown that the expansion influences dynamical characteristics of the disks such as rotational curves, surface mass density, etc. The effects of the expansion is exemplified with non-static generalizations of Kuzmin-Curzon and generalized Schwarzschild disks.
description: Revised version to appear in ApJ, Latex, 17 pages, 10 figures, uses aaspp4 and epsf style files
Decolorization of synthetic dyes using partially purified peroxidase from green cabbage (Brassica oleracea)
Creators: name: Victor, Cliff C.
name: Omeje, Kingsley Ozioma
name: Arinze Linus Ezugwu
name: Sabinus Oscar Onyebuchi Eze
name: Chilaka, Ferdinand Chiemeka
name: Ikechukwu Noel Emmanuel Onwurah
name: Ukoha, Pius Oziri
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2019
Subjects: decolorization
green cabbage
peroxidase
synthetic dyes

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 41, 4, 783-787
Charge Neutrality Effects on 2-flavor Color Superconductivity
Creators: name: Huang, Mei
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
name: Chao, Weiqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of electric and color neutrality on 2-flavor color superconductivity has been investigated. It has been found that the effect of the charge neutrality on a 2-flavor quark system is very different from that on a 3-flavor system. The BCS diquark pair in 2-flavor color superconducting phase has been largely reduced by the large Fermi momentum of electron, the diquark condensate first increases with the increasing of quark's chemical potential $μ$,then decreases rapidly and finally disappears at about $μ=535MeV$, at which the thermodynamic potential equals to that in the neutral normal 2-flavor quark matter.
description: Revtex, 24 pages, 8 figures
Spectral Localization by Gaussian Random Potentials in Multi-Dimensional Continuous Space
Creators: name: Fischer, Werner
name: Leschke, Hajo
name: Mueller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed mathematical proof is given that the energy spectrum of a non-relativistic quantum particle in multi-dimensional Euclidean space under the influence of suitable random potentials has almost surely a pure-point component. The result applies in particular to a certain class of zero-mean Gaussian random potentials, which are homogeneous with respect to Euclidean translations. More precisely, for these Gaussian random potentials the spectrum is almost surely only pure point at sufficiently negative energies or, at negative energies, for sufficiently weak disorder. The proof is based on a fixed-energy multi-scale analysis which allows for different random potentials on different length scales.
description: LaTeX, 54 pages, 4 figures; final version, to appear in slightly different form in Journal of Statistical Physics
Simple Analytical Particle and Kinetic Energy Densities for a Dilute Fermionic Gas in a d-Dimensional Harmonic Trap
Creators: name: Brack, Matthias
name: van Zyl, Brandon P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive simple analytical expressions for the particle density $ρ(r)$ and the kinetic energy density $τ(r)$ for a system of noninteracting fermions in a $d-$dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator potential. We test the Thomas-Fermi (TF, or local-density) approximation for the functional relation $τ[ρ]$ using the exact $ρ(r)$ and show that it locally reproduces the exact kinetic energy density $τ(r)$, {\it including the shell oscillations,} surprisingly well everywhere except near the classical turning point. For the special case of two dimensions (2D), we obtain the unexpected analytical result that the integral of $τ_{TF}[ρ(r)]$ yields the {\it exact} total kinetic energy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; corrected version
Generalized compactness limit from an arbitrary viewing angle
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Tatsuya
name: Nakar, Ehud
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A $γ$-ray source must have a limited optical depth to pair production. This simple condition, called compactness, implies that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) must involve a highly relativistic motion ($Γ\gtrsim 100$) giving the first and most important clue on their nature. So far, this condition has been discussed under the assumption that the $γ$-ray sources are viewed on-axis, that is, by an observer within the beaming cone of the relativistic source. Recently, following the detection of the weak short GRB 170817A, an extensive interest arose in the possibility that some $γ$-ray sources are viewed off-axis. We generalize here the compactness formalism for an arbitrary viewing angle taking several possible opacity processes and $γ$-ray spectra into account. We find that for a given observables (peak luminosity, temporal variability, and spectra) the minimal Lorentz factor, $Γ_{\rm min}$, is obtained, as expected, for an on-axis observer. More remarkably we find that compactness dictates also a maximal viewing angle, $θ_{\rm max} \simeq 1/2Γ_{\rm min}$. Our limit implies for regular GRBs a very small allowed viewing angle ($\lesssim10^{-2}\,\rm rad$), making it extremely unlikely that they are viewed off-axis. For GRB 170817A we confirm earlier results that rule out the possibility that the observed $γ$-rays were seen by an on-axis observer as a regular short GRB. The short GRB 150101B was also suggested to be an off-axis event. We show that its maximal viewing angle $\lesssim0.05\,\rm rad$, which is inconsistent with the off-axis model. Finally we show that for low luminosity GRBs, compactness does not exclude by itself an off-axis model, but when combined with other consideration this option is strongly disfavored.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Birth of the Universe in string cosmology
Creators: name: Gasperini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay of the string perturbative vacuum into our present cosmological state is associated to the transition from a phase of growing curvature and growing dilaton, to a phase of decreasing curvature and frozen dilaton. The possible approaches to a classical and quantum description of such a transition are introduced and briefly discussed.
description: 17 pages, LATEX, seven figures included using EPSF, based on a talk given at the "Fourth Paris Cosmology Colloquium" (Observatoire de Paris, June 1997). To appear in the Proceedings (ed. by H. J. De Vega and N. Sanchez). An updated collection of papers on the pre-big bang scenario is available at http://www.to.infn.it/teorici/gasperini
The genus Codariocalyx Hassk. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in Thailand: taxonomy and anatomy of leaf and stem
Creators: name: Witsanu Saisorn
name: Pranom Chantaranothai
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2019
Subjects: anatomy
Desmodieae
Fabaceae
taxonomic revision

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 41, 4, 788-794
Kaluza-Klein States versus Winding States: Can Both Be Above the String Scale?
Creators: name: Dienes, Keith R.
name: Mafi, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When closed strings propagate in extra compactified dimensions, a rich spectrum of Kaluza-Klein states and winding states emerges. Since the masses of Kaluza-Klein states and winding states play a reciprocal role, it is often believed that either the lightest Kaluza-Klein states or the lightest winding states must be at or below the string scale. In this paper, we demonstrate that this conclusion is no longer true for compactifications with non-trivial shape moduli. Specifically, we demonstrate that toroidal compactifications exist for which all Kaluza-Klein states as well as all winding states are heavier than the string scale. This observation could have important phenomenological implications for theories with reduced string scales, suggesting that it is possible to cross the string scale without detecting any states associated with spacetime compactification.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Calcium carbonate instead of cornstarch as the releasing agent for powder-free surgery gloves
Creators: name: Piyachat Wattanachai
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2019
Subjects: calcium carbonate
cornstarch
surgery glove
releasing agent
donning

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 41, 4, 777-782
Confined chaotic behavior in collective motion for populations of globally coupled chaotic elements
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Naoko
name: Komatsu, Teruhisa S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lyapunov exponent for collective motion is defined in order to characterize chaotic properties of collective motion for large populations of chaotic elements. Numerical computations for this quantity suggest that such collective motion is always chaotic, whenever it appears. Chaotic behavior of collective motion is found to be confined within a small scale, whose size is estimated using the value of the Lyapunov exponent. Finally, we conjecture why the collective motion appears low dimensional despite the actual high dimensionality of the dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Stochastic Methods in Optimization and Machine Learning
Creators: Li, Fengpei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Operations research
Artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Stochastic processes--Computer programs

description: Stochastic methods are indispensable to the modeling, analysis and design of complex systems involving randomness. In this thesis, we show how simulation techniques and simulation-based computational methods can be applied to a wide spectrum of applied domains including engineering, optimization and machine learning. Moreover, we show how analytical tools in statistics and computer science including empirical processes, probably approximately correct learning, and hypothesis testing can be used in these contexts to provide new theoretical results. In particular, we apply these techniques and present how our results can create new methodologies or improve upon existing state-of-the-art in three areas: decision making under uncertainty (chance-constrained programming, stochastic programming), machine learning (covariate shift, reinforcement learning) and estimation problems arising from optimization (gradient estimate of composite functions) or stochastic systems (solution of stochastic PDE). The work in the above three areas will be organized into six chapters, where each area contains two chapters. In Chapter 2, we study how to obtain feasible solutions for chance-constrained programming using data-driven, sampling-based scenario optimization (SO) approach. When the data size is insufficient to statistically support a desired level of feasibility guarantee, we explore how to leverage parametric information, distributionally robust optimization and Monte Carlo simulation to obtain a feasible solution of chance-constrained programming in small-sample situations. In Chapter 3, We investigate the feasibility of sample average approximation (SAA) for general stochastic optimization problems, including two-stage stochastic programming without the relatively complete recourse. We utilize results from the Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimension and Probably Approximately Correct learning to provide a general framework. In Chapter 4, we design a robust importance re-weighting method for estimation/learning problem in the covariate shift setting that improves the best-know rate. In Chapter 5, we develop a model-free reinforcement learning approach to solve constrained Markov decision processes (MDP). We propose a two-stage procedure that generates policies with simultaneous guarantees on near-optimality and feasibility. In Chapter 6, we use multilevel Monte Carlo to construct unbiased estimators for expectations of random parabolic PDE. We obtain estimators with finite variance and finite expected computational cost, but bypassing the curse of dimensionality. In Chapter 7, we introduce unbiased gradient simulation algorithms for solving stochastic composition optimization (SCO) problems. We show that the unbiased gradients generated by our algorithms have finite variance and finite expected computational cost.