cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pattern formation in crystal growth under parabolic shear flow II
Creators: name: Ueno, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavy pattern of ice with a specific wavelength occurs during ice growth from a thin layer of undercooled water flowing down the surface of icicles or inclined plane. In the preceding paper [K. Ueno, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 68}, 021603 (2003)], we have found that restoring forces due to gravity and surface tension is a factor for stabilization of morphological instability of the solid-liquid interface. However, the mechanism for the morphological instability and stability of the solid-liquid interface has not been well understood. In the present paper, it is shown that a phase difference between fluctuation of the solid-liquid interface and distribution of heat flux at the deformed solid-liquid interface, which depends on the magnitude of the restoring forces, is a cause of the instability and stability of the interface. This mechanism is completely different from the usual Mullins-Sekerka instability due to diffusion and stabilization due to the Gibbs-Thomson effect.
description: 18 pages
Diane Burko
Creators: name: American University Museum At The Katzen Arts Center
name: Burko, Diane
name: Garrard, Mary D.
name: Broude, Norma
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.). Museum
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing
classificationCode: 3606
subject: Visual arts

description: Description to be added
Additional file 6 of Novel approach in whole genome mining and transcriptome analysis reveal conserved RiPPs in Trichoderma spp
Creators: name: Vignolle, Gabriel A.
name: Mach, Robert L.
name: Mach-Aigner, Astrid R.
name: Derntl, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 6. Comparison of biosynthetic gene cluster 55 of T. reesei and biosynthetic gene cluster 75 of T. citrinoviride.
Improved Content Finding in Named Data Networking
Creators: name: Suwannasa, Atthapol
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: In today’s Internet, the current architecture may not be able to support various challenges (e.g., security, mobility, scalability, and quality of service) in a sufficient level. Information-centric communication model is expected to address the bottleneck of the traditional host-centric model. A number of Information Centric Network (ICN) approaches have been proposed by aiming to replace or augment the current host-to-host routing architecture. ICN focuses on finding and transmitting content to end-users and content routing is location-independent, thereby being able to support multi-sourcing for content consumers. Named Data Networking (NDN) is one of the promising ICN proposals that allows users (i.e., consumers) to find content objects by their names. In the default forwarding strategy of NDN, an interest packet is forwarded to locate content. A corresponding data packet will be returned back in the reverse path to its requester and will be replicated along this path (called on-path caching). When a consumer requests a content object, it may be found at an intermediate on-path cache. However, several replicas that are often cached off-path especially in nearby nodes of the consumer’s vicinity could be the better potential source but they are not effectively utilised, causing a worse than necessary delivery efficiency. Therefore, this thesis investigates the potential of off-path content finding in NDN. We examine how we can design a flexible and efficient solution to supplement the existing NDN architecture. We then propose a new design called a Vicinity-based Content Finding scheme (VCoF) to utilise nearby replicas in each vicinity for improving content finding. This includes analysing the efficiency of the proposed scheme in comparison to default NDN. We consider content popularity, which can impact content finding results due to the different number of content replicas (i.e., content availability). We also explore our scheme in supporting mobility, particularly for the issues of missing content because of handover. Through a prototype implementation, we evaluate the delivery efficiency against overhead costs in different scenarios, made possible through effective deployment on real NDN environments.
Behavioural Decisions and Welfare
Creators: name: Dalton, Patricio
name: Ghosal, Syantan
name: Dalton, Patricio
name: Ghosal, Syantan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Decisions
subject: psychology
subject: indistinguishability
subject: revealed preferences
subject: welfare
subject: existence
subject: aspirations

description: We study decision problems where (a) preference parameters are deÖned to include psychological/moral considerations and (b) there is a feedback e§ect from chosen actions to preference parameters. In a standard decision problem the chosen action is required to be optimal when the feedback e§ect from actions to preference parameters is fully taken into account. In a behavioural decision problem the chosen action is optimal taking preference parameters as given although chosen actions and preference parameters are required to be mutually consistent. Our framework uniÖes seemingly disconnected papers in the literature. We characterize the conditions under which behavioural and standard decisions problems are indistinguishable: in smooth settings, the two decision problems are generically distinguishable. We show that in general, revealed preferences cannot be used for making welfare judgements and we characterize the conditions under which they can inform welfare analysis. We provide an existence result for the case of incomplete preferences. We suggest novel implications for policy and welfare analysis.
Rhebasia Jullien 1882
Creators: name: Taylor, Paul D.
name: Martha, Silviu O.
name: Gordon, Dennis P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gymnolaemata
Cheilostomatida
Onychocellidae
Rhebasia

description: Genus Rhebasia Jullien, 1882
(Figure 27)
 Type species
 Eschara dorilas d’ Orbigny, 1851 [not Eschara doris d’ Orbigny, 1851, cf. Bassler 1953; Prud’ homme 1968], by subsequent designation (Canu and Bassler 1927, p. 37). Cretaceous, Senonian [?Santonian], Vendôme, Loir-et-Cher, France.
 Diagnosis
Colony erect, vincularian (Figure 27 (a)), dichotomously branching. Autozooids subhexagonal, rounded laterally; zooidal boundaries raised. Cryptocyst extensive, sunken, granular. Gymnocyst lacking. Opesia terminal, occupying about half frontal surface, longitudinally elliptical, the proximal edge straighter, lacking opesiular indentations and lateral constrictions. Ovicells unknown. Avicularia vicarious, large (Figure 27 (c)), larger than an autozooid; opesia longitudinally elliptical; rostrum broad, gothic arch shaped, pustulose distolaterally.
 Remarks
 Four Cretaceous species described by d’ Orbigny (1851–1854) were assigned to Rhebasia by Jullien (1882) when introducing the genus. Canu and Bassler (1927, p. 37) chose Eschara dorilas from these as the type species. Jullien (1882) characterised his genus by the elliptical opesiae of the autozooids and the presence of avicularia that are usually larger in size than the autozooids. Of the four species placed in this genus by Jullien (1882), avicularia were figured by d’ Orbigny only in the type species and Vincularia disparilis d’ Orbigny, 1852, in which they are about the same size as the autozooids but similar in morphology to those of the type species, supporting placement of this species in Rhebasia.
 Both Rhebasia and Ogiva were proposed by Jullien (1882) in the same publication. The differences between these two genera are slight, and the greater usage of Ogiva favours retention of this genus over its subjective synonym Rhebasia.
 Range
Late Cretaceous.
description: Published as part of Taylor, Paul D., Martha, Silviu O. & Gordon, Dennis P., 2018, Synopsis of ' onychocellid' cheilostome bryozoan genera, pp. 1657-1721 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 52 (25 - 26) on pages 1700-1701, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1481235, http://zenodo.org/record/4747141
Exceptional band touching for strongly correlated systems in equilibrium
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tsuneya
name: Peters, Robert
name: Kawakami, Norio
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-particles described by Green's functions of equilibrium systems exhibit non-Hermitian topological phenomena because of their finite lifetime. This non-Hermitian perspective on equilibrium systems provides new insights into correlated systems and attracts much interest because of its potential to solve open questions in correlated compounds. In this paper, we provide a concise review of the non-Hermitian topological band structures for quantum many-body systems in equilibrium as well as their classification.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to special section of Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics as an invited article
Successions : Traversing US Colonialism
Creators: name: American University Museum At The Katzen Arts Center
name: Robles-Gordon, Amber
name: Ossei-Mensah, Larry
name: Anderson, Noel W.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.). Museum
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing
classificationCode: 3606
subject: Visual arts

description: Description to be added
Between "Self" and "Other": The Mask in German Expressionist Painting and Dance
Creators: name: Tackes, Jessica
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This thesis puts German modern dancer/choreographer Mary Wigman’s use of a mask in dialogue with that of Expressionist painters Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Emil Nolde. From the early 1910s, Kirchner and Nolde began to feature masks and mask-like faces in their art. They derived these forms in part from visits to ethnographic museums, whose collections featured hand-carved masks from communities in Africa and Oceania then under German colonial control. For Kirchner and Nolde, the abstracted forms of these masks embodied the simplicity, spirituality, and naturalness that they attributed to the cultures that produced them. By incorporating masks into their artworks, they aimed to recover an approach to artmaking that was pure and authentic, to reconnect with their “primitive” essence. While we cannot pinpoint precisely how or when Wigman became aware of these artists’ use of the mask, we know that she met Nolde at the beginning of her career, around 1910, and that she made Kirchner’s acquaintance during the 1920s. It was at this time that she introduced the mask into her dance practice; like Kirchner and Nolde, she believed that the mask would allow her to tap into a “primitive” state of being. The mask acted as a “second skin,” a point of contact between the inner and the outer, the “self” and the “other.” Inspired by Wigman’s use of the mask, Kirchner and Nolde reimported the motif back into their art in a series of images that depicted the dancer. Between her work and theirs, the use of the mask brought clarity to the “primitive” dimensions of Expressionism. However, the dynamics that they conceptualized remained unresolved.
Between "Self" and "Other": The Mask in German Expressionist Painting and Dance
Creators: name: Tackes, Jessica
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing
classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: This thesis puts German modern dancer/choreographer Mary Wigman’s use of a mask in dialogue with that of Expressionist painters Ernst Ludwig Kirchner and Emil Nolde. From the early 1910s, Kirchner and Nolde began to feature masks and mask-like faces in their art. They derived these forms in part from visits to ethnographic museums, whose collections featured hand-carved masks from communities in Africa and Oceania then under German colonial control. For Kirchner and Nolde, the abstracted forms of these masks embodied the simplicity, spirituality, and naturalness that they attributed to the cultures that produced them. By incorporating masks into their artworks, they aimed to recover an approach to artmaking that was pure and authentic, to reconnect with their “primitive” essence. While we cannot pinpoint precisely how or when Wigman became aware of these artists’ use of the mask, we know that she met Nolde at the beginning of her career, around 1910, and that she made Kirchner’s acquaintance during the 1920s. It was at this time that she introduced the mask into her dance practice; like Kirchner and Nolde, she believed that the mask would allow her to tap into a “primitive” state of being. The mask acted as a “second skin,” a point of contact between the inner and the outer, the “self” and the “other.” Inspired by Wigman’s use of the mask, Kirchner and Nolde reimported the motif back into their art in a series of images that depicted the dancer. Between her work and theirs, the use of the mask brought clarity to the “primitive” dimensions of Expressionism. However, the dynamics that they conceptualized remained unresolved.
Reptolunulites d' Orbigny 1852
Creators: name: Taylor, Paul D.
name: Martha, Silviu O.
name: Gordon, Dennis P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gymnolaemata
Cheilostomatida
Onychocellidae
Reptolunulites

description: Genus Reptolunulites d’ Orbigny, 1852
(Figure 25)
 Type species
 Reptolunulites angulosa d’ Orbigny, 1852, by subsequent designation (Bassler 1935, p. 185). Cretaceous. Senonian (Turonian fide Voigt 1981a), Sougé, Loir-et-Cher, France.
 Diagnosis
Colony encrusting. Autozooids hexagonal; zooidal boundaries well raised. Cryptocyst extensive, granular. Gymnocyst lacking. Opesia terminal, occupying about half of frontal surface; bell shaped to longitudinally ovoidal, lacking opesiular indentations and constrictions. Ovicells unknown. Avicularia vicarious, symmetrical, narrower than an autozooid; opesia elongate elliptical; rostrum rounded arch shaped.
 Remarks
 The type species of Reptolunulites was revised by Gordon and Taylor (2005) who reviewed previous publications (e.g. Cook and Voigt 1986) discussing its apparent intermediate status between an encrusting onychocellid and a free-living lunulitid. Two North American Late Cretaceous species have been assigned recently to Reptolunulites: R. zipfi Taylor and McKinney, 2006 from the Campanian of Delaware, USA, and Reptolunulites sp. described by Taylor (2008) from the Maastrichtian of southern California, USA. Both species have opesiular indentations at the proximolateral corners of the opesia, contrasting with the type species. In R. zipfi, the ovicell has a cryptocyst-like roof (Figure 12 (e)) and the avicularia are spatulate (Figure 25 (f)). Neither ovicells nor avicularia are known from the Reptolunulites sp. of Taylor (2008).
 Range Cretaceous (Turonian to Maastrichtian).
description: Published as part of Taylor, Paul D., Martha, Silviu O. & Gordon, Dennis P., 2018, Synopsis of ' onychocellid' cheilostome bryozoan genera, pp. 1657-1721 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 52 (25 - 26) on pages 1696-1698, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1481235, http://zenodo.org/record/4747141
Beyond Normal Form Invariance: First Mover Advantage in Two-Stage Games with or without Predictable Cheap Talk
Creators: name: Hammond, Peter J.
name: Hammond, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Von Neumann (1928) not only introduced a fairly general version of the extensive form game concept. He also hypothesized that only the normal form was relevant to rational play. Yet even in Battle of the Sexes, this hypothesis seems contradicted by players’ actual behaviour in experiments. Here a refined Nash equilibrium is proposed for games where one player moves first, and the only other player moves second without knowing the first move. The refinement relies on a tacit understanding of the only credible and straightforward perfect Bayesian equilibrium in a corresponding game allowing a predictable direct form of cheap talk.
Additional file 2 of Quantitative proteomic, physiological and biochemical analysis of cotyledon, embryo, leaf and pod reveals the effects of high temperature and humidity stress on seed vigor formation in soybean
Creators: name: Jiaping Wei
name: Xiaolin Liu
name: Linzhi Li
name: Haihong Zhao
name: Sushuang Liu
name: Xingwang Yu
name: Yingzi Shen
name: Yali Zhou
name: Yajing Zhu
name: Yingjie Shu
name: Ma, Hao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2 : Figure S2. Enzyme activities of CAT, POD, and SOD in the embryos of soybean cvs. Xiangdou No. 3 and Ningzhen No. 1
Additional file 6 of The effects of different doses of exercise on pancreatic β-cell function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: study protocol for and rationale behind the “DOSE-EX” multi-arm parallel-group randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Lyngbaek, Mark P. P.
name: Legaard, Grit E.
name: Bennetsen, Sebastian L.
name: Feineis, Camilla S.
name: Villads Rasmussen
name: Moegelberg, Nana
name: Brinkløv, Cecilie F.
name: Nielsen, Anette B.
name: Kofoed, Katja S.
name: Lauridsen, Carsten A.
name: Ewertsen, Caroline
name: Poulsen, Henrik E.
name: Christensen, Robin
name: Van Hall, Gerrit
name: Karstoft, Kristian
name: Solomon, Thomas P. J.
name: Ellingsgaard, Helga
name: Almdal, Thomas P.
name: Pedersen, Bente K.
name: Ried-Larsen, Mathias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Suspension Note.
Moral hazard, bank runs and contagion
Creators: name: Chatterji, S.
name: Ghosal, S.
name: Chatterji, S.
name: Ghosal, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: bank runs
subject: moral hazard
subject: risk-sharing
subject: liquidity
subject: random
subject: contracts

description: We study banking with ex ante moral hazard. Resolving the misalignment of the incentives between banks and depositors requires early liquidation with positive probability: e¢cient risk-sharing between depositors is no longer implementable. In a closed region with a single bank, we show that (i) with costless and perfect monitoring, contracts with bank runs o¤ the equilibrium path of play improve on contracts with transfers, (ii) when the bank’s actions are non-contractible, equilibrium bank runs driven by incentives are linked to liquidity provision by banks. With multiple regions linked via an interbank market, with local moral hazard, we show that implementing second-best allocations requires both ex-ante trade in inter-bank markets and contagion after realization of liquidity shocks.
Dephasing due to nonstationary 1/f noise
Creators: name: Schriefl, J.
name: Clusel, M.
name: Carpentier, D.
name: Degiovanni, P.
name: Makhlin, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments with Josephson qubits we propose a new phenomenological model for 1/f noise due to collective excitations of interacting defects in the qubit's environment. At very low temperatures the effective dynamics of these collective modes are very slow leading to pronounced non-Gaussian features and nonstationarity of the noise. We analyze the influence of this noise on the dynamics of a qubit in various regimes and at different operation points. Remarkable predictions are absolute time dependences of a critical coupling and of dephasing in the strong coupling regime.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the Vth Rencontres de Moriond in Mesoscopic Physics
Additional file 1 of Quantitative proteomic, physiological and biochemical analysis of cotyledon, embryo, leaf and pod reveals the effects of high temperature and humidity stress on seed vigor formation in soybean
Creators: name: Jiaping Wei
name: Xiaolin Liu
name: Linzhi Li
name: Haihong Zhao
name: Sushuang Liu
name: Xingwang Yu
name: Yingzi Shen
name: Yali Zhou
name: Yajing Zhu
name: Yingjie Shu
name: Ma, Hao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Figure S1. Enzyme activities of CAT, POD, and SOD in the cotyledons of soybean cvs. Xiangdou No. 3 and Ningzhen No. 1
Ross-Macdonald Models: Which one should we use?
Creators: name: Simoy, Mario Ignacio
name: Aparicio, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Ross-Macdonald models are the building blocks of most vector-borne disease models. Even for the same disease, different authors use different model formulations, but a study of the dynamical consequences of assuming different hypotheses is missing. In this work we present different formulations of the basic Ross-Macdonald model together with a careful discussion of the assumptions behind each model. The most general model presented is an agent based model for which arbitrary distributions for latency and infectious periods for both, host and vectors, is considered. At population level we also developed a deterministic Volterra integral equations model for which also arbitrary distributions in the waiting times are included. We compare the model solutions using different distributions for the infectious and latency periods using statistics, like the epidemic peak, or epidemic final size, to characterize the epidemic curves. The basic reproduction number ($R_0$) for each formulation is computed and compared with empirical estimations obtained with the agent based models. The importance of considering realistic distributions for the latent and infectious periods is highlighted and discussed. We also show that seasonality is a key driver of vector-borne disease dynamics shaping the epidemic curve and its duration.
Semieschara d' Orbigny 1852
Creators: name: Taylor, Paul D.
name: Martha, Silviu O.
name: Gordon, Dennis P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gymnolaemata
Cheilostomatida
Onychocellidae
Semieschara

description: Genus Semieschara d’ Orbigny, 1852
(Figure 28)
 Type species
 Semieschara flabellata d’ Orbigny, 1852, by subsequent designation (Canu and Bassler 1929, p. 52). Turonian, Sainte-Maure-de-Touraine, Indre-et Loire, France.
 Diagnosis
Colony unilamellar (Figure 28 (a)). Autozooids subhexagonal; zooidal boundaries raised. Cryptocyst extensive, granular. Gymnocyst lacking. Opesia terminal, occupying about half frontal surface; bell shaped, lacking opesiular indentations and constrictions. Ovicells unknown. Avicularia vicarious, asymmetrical (Figure 28 (b)), slightly smaller than an autozooid; opesia longitudinally elliptical; rostrum curved, acutely triangular.
 Remarks
 Since its proposal, Semieschara has occasionally been used as a form genus for erect unilamellar colonies differing significantly in zooidal morphology (e.g. Canu and Bassler 1929). Gordon and Taylor (1999, p. 25) regarded Semieschara as a synonym of Onychocella, a view upheld by Zágoršek (2003, p. 139) who noted that although it has priority over Onychocella, the name Semieschara has been used so seldom that it would not serve taxonomic stability to favour it over Onychocella. We follow these authors in treating Semieschara as a redundant synonym of Onychocella.
description: Published as part of Taylor, Paul D., Martha, Silviu O. & Gordon, Dennis P., 2018, Synopsis of ' onychocellid' cheilostome bryozoan genera, pp. 1657-1721 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 52 (25 - 26) on page 1701, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1481235, http://zenodo.org/record/4747141
Additional file 7 of The effects of different doses of exercise on pancreatic β-cell function in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: study protocol for and rationale behind the “DOSE-EX” multi-arm parallel-group randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Lyngbaek, Mark P. P.
name: Legaard, Grit E.
name: Bennetsen, Sebastian L.
name: Feineis, Camilla S.
name: Villads Rasmussen
name: Moegelberg, Nana
name: Brinkløv, Cecilie F.
name: Nielsen, Anette B.
name: Kofoed, Katja S.
name: Lauridsen, Carsten A.
name: Ewertsen, Caroline
name: Poulsen, Henrik E.
name: Christensen, Robin
name: Van Hall, Gerrit
name: Karstoft, Kristian
name: Solomon, Thomas P. J.
name: Ellingsgaard, Helga
name: Almdal, Thomas P.
name: Pedersen, Bente K.
name: Ried-Larsen, Mathias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Informed Consent.
title: The Development of the UK Domestic Electrical Appliance Industry over the period 1963 to 1990
Creators: name: Wolfe, Brian Sinclair
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: The Thesis determined that the development of the DEAI was characterised by a contraction of the industry, a reduction in profitability, coupled with a massive growth in import penetration from 6% to almost 50% over the period. Much was self-induced by minimal investment in product development, coupled with a lack of understanding of the increasingly competitive UK market. In the distribution and retailing sectors there had been a rationalisation of wholesaler and retail chains.

 The prime tool used in analysing the manner in which companies compete within the DEAI was the PORTER Five Force Model. The method employed calibrated the strength of each force thereby determining a “metric" which could be used In comparing each force over the 27 year period. In-so-doing it was found that the industry was highly competitive and that consumers had become more discerning in their selection of appliances. Importer’s brands and their products had become more popular. The application of the Porter Model led to the conclusion that “Buyer Power” i.e. the power of the retailer’s buyers had significantly increased. Additionally industry data indicated that the industry’s profitability had also decreased, as predicted by the Porter theory.

 Extensive interviews were carried out with industry decision makers which provided a basis of an industry view , which was used to benchmark the results achieved through the analysis using the Porter model.

 During the course of the study it was suggested that the management within the industry had conformed to a set way of thinking or industry wide paradigm or “recipe”. This assertion was confirmed during the analysis.

 It was also clear that UK governments over the period had enacted legislation which caused the further contraction and instability within the DEAI.
Cournot-Walras Equilibrium as a Subgame Perfect Equilibrium
Creators: name: Busetto, Francesca
name: Codognato, Giulio
name: Ghosal, Syantan
name: Busetto, Francesca
name: Codognato, Giulio
name: Ghosal, Syantan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Public Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this paper, we investigate the problem of the strategic foundation of the Cournot-Walras equilibrium approach. To this end, we respecify `a la Cournot-Walras the mixed version of a model of simultaneous, noncooperative exchange, originally proposed by Lloyd S. Shapley. We show, through an example, that the set of the CournotWalras equilibrium allocations of this respecification does not coincide with the set of the Cournot-Nash equilibrium allocations of the mixed version of the original Shapley’s model. As the nonequivalence, in a one-stage setting, can be explained by the intrinsic two-stage nature of the Cournot-Walras equilibrium concept, we are led to consider a further reformulation of the Shapley’s model as a two-stage game, where the atoms move in the first stage and the atomless sector moves in the second stage. Our main result shows that the set of the CournotWalras equilibrium allocations coincides with a specific set of subgame perfect equilibrium allocations of this two-stage game, which we call the set of the Pseudo-Markov perfect equilibrium allocations.
INTERNALIZED RACISM AND GENDERED COLORISM AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS: A STUDY OF INTRA-GROUP BIAS, PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Creators: name: Alexander, Trinity
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Hidden within the commonly discussed notion of racism is discrimination based on skin color, also known as colorism. Colorism is a form of prejudice in which people are treated differently based on societal meanings attached to skin color. Even less evaluated is the notion of intra-group colorism, which is prejudice based on color within a single ethnic group. The current research studied the unique ways in which colorism affects African American men and women. Procedure: Participants were recruited online via MTurk and completed three Implicit Association Tests (IAT) and one Questionnaire. The IATs examined participant's preference for light vs. medium skin tone, light vs. dark skin tone, and medium vs. dark skin tone. The questionnaire explored participants' beliefs about skin tone and skin color satisfaction, skin tone preferences, internalized racist views, and perceived discrimination. Results: Men and women explicitly preferred lighter skin tones over dark skin. The implicit desire for the lighter of two skin tones was observed in both gender groups, with men preferring light over medium skin tones, light over dark skin tones, and medium over dark skin tones. Women only showed a preference for medium over dark skin tones. As skin color preference became lighter, colorism increased for men but not for women. As internalized racism, skin color dissatisfaction, and colorism increased, psychological distress also increased for men and women. Skin color satisfaction, colorism, and internalized racism uniquely explained variance in one another for men and women. As women's skin color became darker, perceived discrimination increased. Perceived skin color-based discrimination from other African Americans led to increased psychological distress for women. Conclusion: Results from this study indicate that experiences of colorism differ by gender, and the effects of intra-group colorism may be especially harmful to women. Future research should seek to understand these relationships with more clarity by including a more comprehensive choice of skin color options and exploring other ways in which variables relate to and predict one another.
Vector logic allows counterfactual virtualization by The Square Root of NOT
Creators: name: Mizraji, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: A.m
subject: 03B65

description: In this work we investigate the representation of counterfactual conditionals using the vector logic, a matrix-vectors formalism for logical functions and truth values. Inside this formalism, the counterfactuals can be transformed in complex matrices preprocessing an implication matrix with one of the square roots of NOT, a complex matrix. This mathematical approach puts in evidence the virtual character of the counterfactuals. This happens because this representation produces a valuation of a counterfactual that is the superposition of the two opposite truth values weighted, respectively, by two complex conjugated coefficients. This result shows that this procedure gives an uncertain evaluation projected on the complex domain. After this basic representation, the judgment of the plausibility of a given counterfactual allows us to shift the decision towards an acceptance or a refusal. This shift is the result of applying for a second time one of the two square roots of NOT.
description: This is a 12 pages preprint
Lepton Electric Dipole Moments from Heavy States Yukawa Couplings
Creators: name: Masina, Isabella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric theories the radiative corrections due to heavy states could leave their footprints in the flavour structure of the supersymmetry breaking masses. We investigate whether present and future searches for the muon and electron EDMs could be sensitive to the CP violation and flavour misalignment induced on slepton masses by the radiative corrections due to the right-handed neutrinos of the seesaw model and to the heavy Higgs triplets of SU(5) GUT. When this is the case, limits on the relevant combination of neutrino Yukawa couplings are obtained. Explicit analytical expressions are provided which accounts for the dependencies on the supersymmetric mass parameters.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures; corrected a numerical coefficient in eq. (15), analysis and conclusions totally unaffected
Flavor violating decays of the Higgs bosons in the THDM-III
Creators: name: Gomez-Bock, M.
name: Noriega-Papaqui, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the branching ratios for the decays of neutral Higgs bosons ($h^{0},H^{0},A^{0}$) into pairs of fermions, including flavor violating processes, in the context of the General Two Higgs Doublet Model III.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables. Text clarifying equations and references added, typos corrections
Are immigrants so stuck to the floor that the ceiling is irrelevant?
Creators: name: Hunt, Priscillia
name: Hunt, Priscillia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: immigration
subject: wage differential
subject: quantile regression
subject: Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition

description: In this paper, the immigrant-native wage di§erential is explained through quantile regression estimations. Using repeated cross-sections of the British Labour Force Survey from 1993-2005, we analyse the returns to covariates across the conditional earnings distribution. We estimate a pooled model with an immigrant dummy and separate models for immigrants and natives of the UK. Our results show that the positive wage gap in favour of immigrants is attributed to those at higher quantiles. Returns to education and experience vary wider for natives than for immigrants. We decompose the wage gap in the Blinder-Oaxaca framework and apply quantile regression techniques to see if immigrants simply have more viable labour market characteristics than natives or if there is a preference for immigrant workers (reverse discrimination). Our Öndings suggest immigrants should actually be earning more and there is su¢ cient evidence of discrimination. This Önding is, however, not symmetric across the conditional wage distribution and immigrants at the bottom face more discrimination than those at the top.
INTERNALIZED RACISM AND GENDERED COLORISM AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS: A STUDY OF INTRA-GROUP BIAS, PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Creators: name: Alexander, Trinity
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Hidden within the commonly discussed notion of racism is discrimination based on skin color, also known as colorism. Colorism is a form of prejudice in which people are treated differently based on societal meanings attached to skin color. Even less evaluated is the notion of intra-group colorism, which is prejudice based on color within a single ethnic group. The current research studied the unique ways in which colorism affects African American men and women. Procedure: Participants were recruited online via MTurk and completed three Implicit Association Tests (IAT) and one Questionnaire. The IATs examined participant's preference for light vs. medium skin tone, light vs. dark skin tone, and medium vs. dark skin tone. The questionnaire explored participants' beliefs about skin tone and skin color satisfaction, skin tone preferences, internalized racist views, and perceived discrimination. Results: Men and women explicitly preferred lighter skin tones over dark skin. The implicit desire for the lighter of two skin tones was observed in both gender groups, with men preferring light over medium skin tones, light over dark skin tones, and medium over dark skin tones. Women only showed a preference for medium over dark skin tones. As skin color preference became lighter, colorism increased for men but not for women. As internalized racism, skin color dissatisfaction, and colorism increased, psychological distress also increased for men and women. Skin color satisfaction, colorism, and internalized racism uniquely explained variance in one another for men and women. As women's skin color became darker, perceived discrimination increased. Perceived skin color-based discrimination from other African Americans led to increased psychological distress for women. Conclusion: Results from this study indicate that experiences of colorism differ by gender, and the effects of intra-group colorism may be especially harmful to women. Future research should seek to understand these relationships with more clarity by including a more comprehensive choice of skin color options and exploring other ways in which variables relate to and predict one another.
Additional file 3 of Novel approach in whole genome mining and transcriptome analysis reveal conserved RiPPs in Trichoderma spp
Creators: name: Vignolle, Gabriel A.
name: Mach, Robert L.
name: Mach-Aigner, Astrid R.
name: Derntl, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 3. Full maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree. The ML phylogenetic tree was inferred based on 434 amino acid sequences.
Reveal : The Art of Reimagining Scientific Discovery
Creators: name: American University Museum At The Katzen Arts Center
name: Kamen, Rebecca
name: Tanguy, Sarah
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.). Museum
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing
classificationCode: 3606
subject: Visual arts

description: Description to be added
Strong connection between single-particle and density excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Watabe, Shohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong connection between the single-particle and collective excitations stands out as one of the features of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). We discuss theoretically these excitations of BECs focusing on the exact properties of the one-body and two-body Green's functions developed by Gavoret and Nozières. We also investigate these excitations by using the many-body approximation theory at nonzero temperatures. First, we revisited the earlier study presented by Gavoret and Nozières, involving the subsequent results given by Nepomnyashchii and Nepomnyashchii, in terms of the matrix formalism representation. This formalism is an extension of the Nambu representation for the single-particle Green's function of BECs to discuss the density and current response functions efficiently. We describe the exact low-energy properties of the correlation functions and the vertex functions, and discuss the correspondence of the spectra between the single-particle and density excitations in the low-energy and low-momentum limits at $T=0$. After deriving the exact low-energy structures of the one-body and two-body Green's functions, we develop a many-body approximation theory of BECs using the matrix formalism for describing the single-particle Green's function and the density response function at nonzero temperatures. We show how the peaks of the single-particle spectral function and the density response function behave with an increasing temperature. Many-body effect on the single-particle spectral function and the density response function is included within a random phase approximation, where satellite structures emerge because of beyond-mean-field effects. Criticisms are also made on recent theories casting doubt upon the conventional wisdom of the BEC: the equivalence of the dispersion relations between the single-particle and collective excitations in the low-energy and low-momentum regime.
description: 63 pages, 24 figures
Additional file 4 of Novel approach in whole genome mining and transcriptome analysis reveal conserved RiPPs in Trichoderma spp
Creators: name: Vignolle, Gabriel A.
name: Mach, Robert L.
name: Mach-Aigner, Astrid R.
name: Derntl, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 4. The extracted sub-trees including the putative RiPP precursor peptides from T. reesei and those including known precursor peptides of fungal RiPPs extracted from the UniProt database.
On Adiabatic Oscillations of a Stratified Atmosphere on the Flat Earth
Creators: name: Makino, Tetu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the oscillations of the atmosphere around a stratified back ground density and entropy distribution under the gravitation on the flat Earth. The atmosphere is supposed to be an ideal gas and the motion is supposed to be governed by the compressible Euler equations. The density distribution of the back ground equilibrium is supposed to touch the vacuum at the finite height of the stratosphere. Considering the linearized approximation for small perturbations, we show that time periodic oscillations with a sequence of time periods which accumulate to infinity, say, slow and slow oscillations, so called `g-modes', can appear when the square of the Brunt-Vaisala frequency is positive everywhere for the considered back ground equilibrium.
Additional file 2 of Combined effects of composting and antibiotic administration on cattle manure–borne antibiotic resistance genes
Creators: name: Ishi Keenum
name: Williams, Robert K.
name: Partha Ray
name: Garner, Emily D.
name: Knowlton, Katharine F.
name: Pruden, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
title: Source rock prospectivity of lower Carboniferous lacustrine strata, Anguille Group, Conche, Newfoundland
Creators: name: Newton, Lucia O.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: In Eastern Canada, in a regional Carboniferous rift system (Maritimes Basin Tectonostratigraphic Zone), there are lacustrine basins containing petroliferous source rocks. Near the northern limits for this complex, strata of the Cape Rouge Formation at Conche, Newfoundland, are thought to represent a nearby onshore facies analog for rocks laying farther offshore in the St. Anthony Basin. Four facies assemblages of mixed sandstone, siltstone, dolostone and black mudstone represent distinct stages of an underfilled lake-basin developed within a half-graben depocenter. The finest-grained facies assemblage, with TOC between 0.23-6.54 wt.%, has organic matter dominated by Type 1 kerogen. Maturation analysis places strata within the oil-generation window (Rₒ=0.5-1.01%); however, Rock-Eval results indicate little remaining potential for generating hydrocarbons. Based on findings from Conche, the St. Anthony Basin may contain similar half-graben lake-basins with Carboniferous source rock potential. However, source quality and timing for oil generation remain key risks for hydrocarbon exploration offshore.
Additional file 1 of Building on facilitators and overcoming barriers to implement active tuberculosis case-finding in Nepal, experiences of community health workers and people with tuberculosis
Creators: name: Biermann, Olivia
name: Kritika Dixit
name: Bhola Rai
name: Caws, Maxine
name: Lönnroth, Knut
name: Viney, Kerri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Structures, stellar population properties, AGN fractions, and environments of massive compact galaxies at $1 < z < 2$ in 3D--{\it HST}/CANDELS
Creators: name: Gu, Yizhou
name: Fang, Guanwen
name: Yuan, Qirong
name: Lu, Shiying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study on structures and physical properties of massive ($M_* >10^{10} M_{\sun} $) compact galaxies at $1.0
description: accepted for publication in PASP
Violation of slow-roll in non-minimal inflation
Creators: name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Tenkanen, Tommi
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a non-minimal coupling to gravity can not only make some inflationary models consistent with cosmological data, similar to the case of Higgs inflation, but can also invoke slow-roll violation to realize graceful exit from inflation. In particular, this is the case in models where a destabilizing mechanism that ends inflation should be assumed when the model is minimally coupled to gravity. As explicit examples, we consider the power-law and inverse monomial inflation models with a non-minimal coupling to gravity. While these models are excluded in the minimally coupled case, we show that they can become viable again in non-minimally coupled scenarios. In most scenarios we considered, reheating can be naturally realized via gravitational particle production but that this depends on the underlying theory of gravity in a non-trivial way.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PRD