Neandrothrips kadazani Okajima & Masumoto, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Okajima, Shûji
name: Masumoto, Masami
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Neandrothrips
Neandrothrips kadazani

description: Neandrothrips kadazani sp. nov.
(Figs 178–179, 194–203)
Female (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.5–1.8mm. Body brown to dark brown (Fig. 178). All femora brown to dark brown, fore femora brown with apices scarcely paler; fore tibia brown, mid and hind tibiae brown with bases and apices yellowish; tarsi yellow. Antenna brown, segment III pale brown, with base yellowish, but sometimes paler, largely brownish yellow. Fore wing shaded with brown. Major body setae pale. Head (Fig. 194) longer than wide, 1.2–1.3 times as long as wide, 1.26 times in holotype; dorsal surface entirely sculptured with transverse striae, but they are somewhat weaker between eyes. Cheeks very weakly rounded, constricted at base, weakly bulged at anterior end, weakly serrated. Eyes about one-third of head length. Ocelli relatively small; posterior scarcely separated from eyes, about 20µm apart from each other in holotype. Postocular setae shorter than eyes, expanded; 93µm apart from each other, 7–8µm apart from eyes in holotype. Antennae (Fig. 203) about 1.8 times as long as head; segment VIII weakly constricted at base, narrowly joined to VII, about 0.7 times as long as VII; segment III formed asymmetrically, almost as long as segment IV, longer than VII; segments III and IV with three (1+2) and four (2+2 +1) sense cones respectively. Maxillary stylets retracted to eyes, narrowly V-shaped; maxillary bridge very weak, about one-third of head width. Pronotum (Fig. 194) about 0.6 times as long as head, 0.62 times in holotype, 1.6–1.7 times as wide as long, 1.65 times in holotype; almost smooth, weakly sculptured posteriorly; five pairs of prothoracic setae expanded; am setae almost as long as aa, or a little shorter; epim a little longer than pa, longer than postocular setae. Prospinasternum (Fig. 197) irregularly shaped, narrower than 25µm; mesopresternum complete, boat-shaped. Mesonotal lateral setae well developed. expanded, 20–25µm long. Metanotum sculptured with longitudinal reticulation; median pair of setae pointed, longer than 20µm, distance between both median setae much wider than distance between those setae and anterior margin of metanotum, 48µm apart from each other, 33–34µm apart from anterior margin in holotype. Fore tarsus with a tooth (Fig. 200). Fore wing with 6–7 duplicated cilia; three sub-basal setae expanded, S3 the longest. Pelta (Fig. 199) trapezoid with irregular lateral margins, about 1.4 times as wide as long in holotype. Tergites III – VIII S2 setae: III expanded, IV – VIII pointed, but those on tergite IV often blunt or very weakly expanded. Tergite IX S1 setae blunt, or very weakly expanded, but often nearly pointed, much shorter than tube, S2 sharply pointed, longer than S1, a little shorter than tube; intermediate setae relatively long, about two-thirds of Sl. Tube longer than 0.5 times as long as head, 0.57 times in holotype, about 2.2 times as long as wide; terminal setae about 1.4 times as long as tube, or a little longer.
Measurements (holotype female in µm). Body length 1730 (distended). Head length 182, from anterior margin of eyes 170, width across eyes 138, maximum width across cheeks 145, minimum width across base 115; eyes length 61; diameter of posterior ocelli 11–13; postocular setae 40–42. Maxillary bridge width 51. Antenna total length 333, segments III–VIII length (width) as follows: 47 (26),47 (27),43 (23), 42 (21), 40 (20), 27 (11). Pronotum length 112, width 185. Setae on prothorax: am 27–30, aa 30–33, ml 42, pa 45, epim 48. Fore wing length 780. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 37 –38, S2 42 –43, S3 50 –52. Pelta length 62, width 87. Tergite IX setae: S1 70, S2 90–93. Tube length 103, maximum width 47; terminal setae 145–153.
Male (macroptera). Distended body length: 1.3–1.6mm. Very similar to macropterous female in color and structure, but show allometric growth. Postero-lateral setae S2 on tergite IV and V variable in shape, pointed, blunt or weakly expanded. Large male: head distinctly narrowed to base; prothorax and froe legs enlarged (Fig. 201); fore femur enlarged; fore tarsal tooth stout; prothoracic aa, am and pa elongate. Tip of aedeagus rounded (Fig. 202), 11µm wide.
Measurements (paratype small-large males in µm). Body length 1360–1570 (distended). Head length 152– 169, from anterior margin of eyes 143–157, width across eyes 129–132, maximum width across cheeks 132–134, minimum width across base 101–100; eyes length 53–61; diameter of posterior ocelli 10–16; postocular setae 38–45. Maxillary bridge width 58–53. Antenna total length 310–330, segments III–VIII length as follows: 44–46, 45–49, 41–42, 40–43, 37–40, 26–29. Pronotum length 93–112, width 165–188. Setae on prothorax: am 25–30, aa 25–42, ml 35–48, pa 40–48, epim 35–45. Fore wing length 620–740. Sub-basal wing setae: S1 35 –40, S2 42 –47, S3 55 –58. Pelta length 50–59, width 70–83. Tergite IX setae: S1 58 –55, S2 18 –26. Tube length 85–97, maximum width 41–42; terminal setae 135–142.
Type material. Holotype: macropterous female, Borneo, Sabah, about 3km N from Kundasang, on dead leaves and branches, 6.ix.1990, TN & SO. Paratypes: 17 females and 9 males, collected together with holotype; 1 female, Sabah, nr. Kundasang, foot of Mt. Kinabaru, on dead leaves and branches, 10.ix.1990, TN & SO.
Comments. This species is described from Sabah, Borneo, based on a good number of females and males collected from dead leafy branches, and seems to be a fungus-feeder. It may be included in the pictipes -group. It is somewhat similar to N. apoae sp. nov. described above, but can be distinguished by the head distinctly sculptured with transverse reticles or striae on the dorsal surface. From N. pictipes, that is also similar in appearance, kadazani is distinguished by the metanotal median pair of setae wider apart from one another and situated closer to the metanotum anterior margin.
The specific name is derived from one of the native tribes in Sabah, ‘Kadazan’.
description: Published as part of Okajima, Shûji & Masumoto, Masami, 2025, Review of the ' Xylaplothrips-complex' (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from East Asia, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 5608 (1) on pages 57-59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5608.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15214473