cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Descriptive study of food pantry clients in Salt Lake County
Creators: name: Woolford, Marti Mari
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food relief--Salt Lake County
Food stamps

description: In 2007, 13 million U.S. households were food insecure. The 2005-2007  household food insecurity average in Utah was 12.5%. The Food Stamp Program  and community food pantries are two programs that food insecure households use  to meet their food needs.  The primary purpose of the study was to assess food security among food  pantry users who received food from pantries located in Salt Lake County. The  second purpose of the study was to describe the characteristics of those who  received food from food pantries. Finally, data were collected with regard to other  types of food assistance food pantry users received.  Food pantry users in Salt Lake County were found to be overwhelmingly  food insecure. Based on the participants' responses, the average food pantry user  in Salt Lake County was living in poverty, was food insecure, and was seemingly  eligible for food stamps and other food assistance programs but was not  participating in these programs. Less than half of the participants were employed  but still living in poverty, whereas the other half of the participants received some  form of social security or retirement income-indicating that they were disabled or  elderly. Many households were also faced with the stress of choosing between  buying food and paying household expenses. For participants who received food stamps, a majority stated that the food stamps were spent before the end of the  month.
Brief an Johann Bernoulli
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1782

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Brief an [Johann Bernoulli]
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1783

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
description: Bl. 198a: Notiz von Lengnich angeklebt
Lower leg anterior and lateral intracompartmental pressure changes before and after classic versus skate nordic rollerskiing in collegiate nordic skiers
Creators: name: Woods, Katherine Marie
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Anterior compartment syndrome
Chronic exertional compartment syndrome
Compartment syndrome
Intracompartmental pressure
Nordic rollerskiing
Nordic skiing

description: Increasing awareness of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) among Nordic skiers warrants the need for specific analysis of intracompartmental  pressures (ICPs) before and after Nordic skiing. The purpose of this study was to determine if lower leg anterior and lateral ICPs are increased after a 20-minute Nordic rollerskiing time-trial, as well as determine if a difference exists between postexercise ICPs for classic versus skate rollerskiing.  Seven participants were randomly assigned into a technique order group designating which technique, classic or skate rollerskiing, they would perform first. Each technique was performed 7 days apart. Before rollerskiing, preexercise ICP measurements were taken from the anterior and lateral lower leg compartments. Identical methods were used to measure ICPs at the 1st and 5th minute following activity using either the classic or the skate Nordic rollerskiing technique.  Our results showed an increase in ICPs for all participants for the both anterior and lateral compartments (p = 0.000 and p= 0.002, respectively), regardless of technique. A three-way interaction between time, technique, and gender was found for the anterior and lateral compartments and subjective perception of lower leg pain. The males showed statistical significance for the anterior (t(6) = 8.434, p < 0.05) and lateral (t(6) = 3.076, p <0.05) ICPs between baseline and 1-minute  postexercise when using the classic technique versus the skate technique. Although not statistically significant, the females showed higher anterior and lateral ICPs at 1-minute postexercise when using the skate technique  versus the classic technique. The males' subjective perception of pain was statistically greater at 1-minute postexercise during classic rollerskiing versus skate rollerskiing, whereas the females' subjective perception of pain was statistically greater at 1-minute postexercise during skate rollerskiing versus classic rollerskiing.  The results of this study suggest that Nordic skiing contributes to increases in ICPs which may lead to the development of CECS. Additonally, there may be a potential gender affect between the Nordic skiing techniques. Further research topic is warranted to  better understand the incidence and long-term effects of this phenomenon regarding increased ICPs and symptoms of CECS within the Nordic skiing population.
Brief an Joh[ann] Bernoulli
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1782

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Mit Oblate
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Growth dynamics of osteosarcomas in beagles.
Creators: name: Thurman, Gary Boyd
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Radiation Effects
Bone Saracomas

description: This study presents an analysis of the growth dynamics, oncogenic skeletal doses and skeletal locations of radiation-induced osteosarcomas in Beagles at the University of Utah, Division of Radiobiology as of March, 1970.  Two hundred and fifty-six well-documented osteosarcomas have been induced in 201 Beagles, each receiving a single intravenous injection of 225Ra (80 tumors).  239 Pu (64 tumors), 228Ra (43 tumors), 228Th (56 tumors), 90Sr (8 tumors) or 224 Ra (5 tumors).  Radiographs of each osteosarcoma were taken during the period of the tumorâ€™s growth.  The growth dynamics of these osteosarcomas were estimated by measuring the tumor dimension on as many radiographs as possible.  It was clearly evident that the tumor volumes were increasing exponentially with time.  Exponential growth constants were calculated for 249 tumors; the corresponding volume doubling times ranged from 4.7 to 60.3 days and averaged 12.4 days.  Using individual exponential growth constants, a starting time for each tumor was estimated as the time when the extrapolated tumorâ€™s growth curve reached the volume of one cell 10um (um = 10[-4]cm) in diameter.  The accumulated average skeletal dose during the time from injection to tumor starting time was calculated for each tumor and called the oncogenic skeletal dose.  It was found that the larger the amount of radionuclide injected, the larger the oncogenic skeletal dose.  High incidences of radiation-induced osteosarcomas in the Beagles were noted in vertebrae, pelvic bones, humerii, femora and tibiae.  Radiation-induced osteosarcomas of the vertebrae and pelvic bones and had much higher incidences than the corresponding incidences of naturally-occurring osteosarcomas in dogs.
Additional file 1 of Prediction of incident myocardial infarction using machine learning applied to harmonized electronic health record data
Creators: name: Divneet Mandair
name: Premanand Tiwari
name: Simon, Steven
name: Colborn, Kathryn L.
name: Rosenberg, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1 Python code used for analysis. Supplemental Figure 1. Calibration curve for optimal model with results from re-scaling methods
Safety impacts of design exceptions in Utah
Creators: name: Wood, Jonathan Sayre
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Crash Analysis
Design Exceptions
Geometric Design
Highway Safety
Risk Assessment
Transportation Safety

description: The objective of this research was to compare safety, measured by expected crash frequency and severity, on road segments where design exceptions were approved and constructed to similar road segments where no design exceptions were approved or constructed. Data were collected for design exceptions in Utah in the years 2001 through 2006. Design exception request and approval forms, Google Earth, Google Street View, UDOT functional classification maps, and UDOT traffic volume data were used to identify and define road segments with and without design exceptions. Ultimately, a total of 48 segments with design exceptions and 132 segments without design exceptions were used for modeling. Propensity scores were applied in this study to assess the comparison sites (i.e., sites without design exceptions). The relationship between design exception presence and crash frequency was explored using a negative binomial regression modeling approach. The relationship between design exception presence and crash severity was explored in three ways: 1) computing severity distributions at locations with and without design exceptions, and 2) estimating separate negative binomial regression models by severity level. Design exception presence was represented in the regression models by an indicator variable (1 = one or more design exceptions; 0 = no design exceptions). Crash data from the years 2007 through 2010 were used for model estimation. Road segments with one or more design exceptions had the same expected iv frequencies of total crashes (all types and severities), fatal-plus-injury crashes, and property-damage-only crashes as road segments without design exceptions.
Electronic structure and transport property of disordered graphene
Creators: name: Wu, Shangduan
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Disorder
Electronic structure
Graphene
Transport property

description: This thesis is concerned with the electronic structure and transport property of disordered graphene. In Chapter 1, we begin with an introduction to graphene. Next, we  introduce some types of disordered models that have been applied to graphene. Then, we discuss the theory for a disordered system, including localization and different transport regimes. Finally, we end up discussing the motivations of our work and give an outline  of the thesis. In Chapter 2, we give an introduction to the recursion method. Then, we introduce the application of the recursion method in the calculation of the electronic structure and transport property. Finally, we end up discussing random phase approximation, which is  used to accelerate the speed of the method. In Chapter 3, electronic structure of disordered graphene, mainly including the density of states, is first introduced. Then, we discuss the important parameters and show the  accuracy in the calculation of density of states. Last, average density of states (ADOS) in graphene with binary alloy disorders are studied with the recursion method. In Chapter 4, we begin with an introduction to transport property of disordered graphene, mainly including the diffusion coefficient and conductivity. Next, we discuss the important parameters and show the accuracy in the calculation of transport property. Then, transport properties of graphene with short-range disorder and Coulomb disorder are studied with the recursion method. Finally, transport properties of graphene with vacancy are also investigated both in the absence and in the presence of a perpendicular  magnetic field.
Brief an Johann Bernoulli
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1782

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Mit Oblate
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Hematopoietic stem cells produce intermediate lineage adipocyte progenitors that simultaneously express both myeloid and mesenchymal lineage markers in adipose tissue
Creators: name: Gavin, Kathleen M.
name: Sullivan, Timothy M.
name: Maltzahn, Joanne K.
name: Rahkola, Jeremy T.
name: Acosta, Alistair S.
name: Kohrt, Wendy M.
name: Majka, Susan M.
name: Klemm, Dwight J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Some adipocytes are produced from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. In vitro studies previously indicated that these bone marrow-derived adipocytes (BMDAs) were generated from adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) that lose their hematopoietic markers and acquire mesenchymal markers prior to terminal adipogenic differentiation. Here we interrogated whether this hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition drives BMDA production In vitro. We generated transgenic mice in which the lysozyme gene promoter (LysM) indelibly labeled ATM with green fluorescent protein (GFP). We discovered that adipose stroma contained a population of LysM-positive myeloid cells that simultaneously expressed hematopoietic/myeloid markers (CD45 and CD11b), and mesenchymal markers (CD29, PDGFRa and Sca-1) typically found on conventional adipocyte progenitors. These cells were capable of adipogenic differentiation In vitro and In vitro, while other stromal populations deficient in PDGFRa and Sca-1 were non-adipogenic. BMDAs and conventional adipocytes expressed common fat cell markers but exhibited little or no expression of hematopoietic and mesenchymal progenitor cell markers. The data indicate that BMDAs are produced from ATM simultaneously expressing hematopoietic and mesenchymal markers rather than via a stepwise hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition. Because BMDA production is stimulated by high fat feeding, their production from hematopoietic progenitors may maintain adipocyte production when conventional adipocyte precursors are diminished.
Brief an Joh[ann] Bernoulli
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1782

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Mit Oblate
description: Brief beginnt auf Bl. 179
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Narcissus in the nineteenth century: Mary Shelley and Nietzsche
Creators: name: Wootton, Christopher Noall
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Frankenstein
Genealogy of morals
Narcissism
Narcissus
Nietzsche
Ovid
Mary Shelley

description: This thesis examines the Narcissus theme and narcissism in the literature of the nineteenth century, focusing on the theme as it is reflected in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and Nietzsche's Zur Genealogie der Moral, especially the dramatic shift in perspective towards narcissism reflected in these two works. Historical and cultural changes over the course of the nineteenth century that may have led to this reversal are discussed, and it is suggested that the earlier negative view of narcissism is bound with a theological concept of the "self" that is no longer compatible with the understanding of humanity's radically animal nature. A positive view of narcissism in Nietzsche's writing may reflect a vacuum in the traditional understanding of the "self" that demands "self-creation." Narcissistic expression may also represent a liberation from the superstitious awe surrounding the former, more theological concept of the "self" and from the moral constraints of the theology from which this derived. Analysis of the Narcissus theme,  beginning with Ovid's version of the tale in the Metamorphoses then moving into the nineteenth-century works, reveals common strands in all the depictions of narcissism discussed. The analysis concludes that while Nietzsche assumes a positive stance towards a narcissistic pose, the self-idealization reflected in his work is as illusory as the negatively reflected narcissism of the earlier versions, and that below the surface of  Nietzsche's jubilant tone the philosophical voice of his work seems as haunted by the idealized self-image he has created as the hero of Shelley's novel.
Adiponectin in relation to exercise and physical performance in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease
Creators: name: Zaidi, Hani
name: Byrkjeland, Rune
name: Njerve, Ida U.
name: Åkra, Sissel
name: Solheim, Svein
name: Arnesen, Harald
name: Seljeflot, Ingebjørg
name: Opstad, Trine B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Introduction: Adipokines, expressed by adipose tissue (AT), have been associated with metabolic disturbances and coronary artery disease (CAD). The impact of exercise training on the AT in patients suffering from both diabetes and CAD is unknown. To gain knowledge on changes in ATs’ inflammatory profile in such a population, we investigated the effects of long-term exercise on selected adipokines and their associations with physical performance and glucometabolic variables. Adiponectin was selected based on its anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic properties and visfatin and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) for their association with atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders. Not many studies have focused on the effects of long-term exercise training on adipokines in patients with concomitant T2DM and CAD. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes and CAD (n = 137), 41–81 years, 17.2% females, were randomized in a 1:1 manner to an exercise group, who underwent 1 year of 150 min weekly combined strength and endurance exercise, or a control group. AT from the gluteal region and blood samples were obtained at baseline and after 12 months, along with a physical performance test, assessed by the VO2 peak. Circulating protein levels were measured by ELISA. RNA was extracted from AT and expression levels were relatively quantified by PCR. Results: After 1 year, no significant difference in the change in the investigated markers between the intervention group and the control group was observed. Changes in circulating adiponectin and VO2 peak correlated in the total population (r = 0.256, p = 0.008). At baseline, circulating adiponectin and TNF correlated inversely with insulin and with C-peptide and VO2peak, respectively (p < 0.001, all). Conclusion: In this population with concomitant diabetes and CAD, ATs’ inflammatory profile remained unchanged apparently after 1 year of exercise intervention. Changes in the VO2peak were nevertheless, related to changes in circulating adiponectin levels. Trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01232608.
Brief an [Johann] Bernoulli
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
name: Bernoulli, Johann
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1782

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Mit rotem Siegel
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
description: Bl. 171: Zettel von Bernoulli vom 23.3.1782
Salvageable manhood: project 100,000 and the gendered politics of the Vietnam War
Creators: name: Worsencroft, John Christian
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Gender
Masculinity
Project 100,000
Vietnam War

description: In 1966, the Department of Defense under the direction of Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara implemented a program called Project 100,000. Project 100,000 aimed to induct 100,000 men per year into the military, men previously unqualified for mental and physical reasons. A "War on Poverty" program, and part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society, the goals of Project 100,000 were to give men jobs, provide skills training, and to inculcate a sense of obligation to country. From 1966 to 1972, nearly 400,000 "New Standards Men" were drafted into the military under Project 100,000.  While Project 100,000 is often discussed under the rubrics of race and class, this thesis argues that gender is the key variable to understanding the program. Project 100,000 must be understood within the context; of a post-World War II culture dominated by warrior manhood and the belief that the military produced strong men. To policymakers, Project 100,000 was about salvaging, rehabilitating, and saving men from a future of poverty and marginalization. While the program failed to deliver widespread training in military occupations that could translate into the necessary skills to compete in the civilian workforce, this thesis finds evidence that tempers past assessments of Project 100,000 as a complete failure. Although the idealism that led the Johnson Administration to create Project 100,000 was overtaken by the exigent circumstances of the Vietnam War, salvaging manhood remains a crucial function of the post-Vietnam military.
Antidiabetic potential of four species of Termitomyces mushrooms from Nepal
Creators: name: Parajuli, Achut
name: Aryal, Hari Prasad
name: Paudel, Mukti Ram
name: Rokaya, Maan Bahadur
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Virology

description: People use mushrooms to treat diabetes mellitus. We studied the antidiabetic potential of four Termitomyces mushrooms using porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibitory activity and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Methanolic extracts of all Termitomyces mushrooms were effective in inhibiting α-amylase activity. T. striatus forma ochraceus showed the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity of 61.4% (200 g/ml). When we administered intraperitoneal doses of Termitomyces extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg) to alloxan-induced diabetes mice (30–35 g), we observed a weight loss in diabetic control mice compared to diabetic mice. At the end of the 15 days, diabetic control mice lost more weight with the administration dose of 500 mg/kg than that of 250 mg/kg Termitomyces extracts. Monitoring blood glucose levels for 15 days revealed that 500 mg/kg significantly reduced blood glucose levels compared to 250 mg/kg. In conclusion, Termitomyces species were effective in decreasing α-amylase activity and reducing blood sugar levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.
Communication in Lamaze couples.
Creators: name: Rhynsburger, Barbara Stencel
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Natural Childbirth
Patient Education

description: This descriptive study of 34 expectant couples was conducted in Salt Lake City between August and December of 1979.  The study sought to answer the questions:  Do couples choosing Lamaze Childbirth Education have better communication skills than couples not choosing Lamaze preparation?  The total population was divided into two groups.  Group A or couples choosing Lamaze Childbirth Education consisted of 16 couples.  Group B or couples not choosing Lamaze Childbirth Education consisted of 18 couples.  Two test tools were used to evaluate the communication levels of the couples.  The Marital Communication Inventory or MCI consists of 46 questions and was designed by Millard Bienvenu to evaluate the communication process in couples.  The Primary Communication Inventory or PCI consists of 25 questions and was designed by Harvey Locke with adaptation by Leslie Neslie Navran to measure verbal and nonverbal communication in couples.  In addition to these tests, couples completed a Demographic Data Sheet.  Findings indicated that men in Group A were significantly older than men in Group B.  Although women in Group A tended to be older than women in Group B, the difference was not significant.  Similar findings were revealed in the literature.  The number of years married was not significantly different for the two groups.  There was not significant difference between the educational and income levels of the two groups, which contrasted findings reported in the literature.  Results from the MCI revealed a significantly better communication level in Group A couples.  In addition, women in Group A had a significantly higher mean MCI score than women in Group B.  Further, the trend was for men in Group A to have a higher mean score than men in Group B.  Results from the PCI revealed no significant difference between the communications of couples in the two groups.  However, men in Group B had a significantly higher mean PCI combined score than women in Group B.  A difference in the verbal or nonverbal areas could not be found for this group.  The combination of findings requires further study.  Data from the study suggest that couples choosing Lamaze Childbirth Education are a self-select group who are generally older with possible more stable marriages and better communication skills.  This will be an important group in order to discover why their communication skills are better.  Findings from further studies can be beneficial to professionals such as nurses, physicians, psychologists, marriage counselors or social workers who could then apply the knowledge to all types of childbirth education with the intent of improving the quality of health care for all expectant couples regardless of whether natural childbirth was desired or not.
Bothynus exaratus
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dynastidae
Bothynus
Bothynus exaratus

description: § Bothynus exaratus (Burmeister, 1847)
Podalgus exaratus Burmeister 1847: 124 (Brazil - NEOTYPE)
Distribution. “Guianas”: Arrow 1937b: 40; Blackwelder 1944: 255. Brazil: Burmeister 1847: 124 (as Podalgus exaratus); Endrödi 1969a: 127 (designation NEOTYPE Podalgus exaratus), 1985a: 272; López- García et al. 2016: 496. Other: Arrow 1937b: 40 (Argentina); Blackwelder 1944: 255 (Argentina); Endrödi 1969a: 127 (Argentina, Paraguay), 1985a: 272 (Argentina, Paraguay); Ponchel 2011 (not mentioned); Dupuis 2016b (not mentioned); López-García et al. 2016: 496 (Argentina, Paraguay).
Note. Bothynus exaratus is reported for “ Guiana ” by Arrow (1937b: 40) and this is copied by Blackwelder (1944: 255). We are unaware of any reports for French Guiana or Guyana, and we never encountered this species in Suriname. Because its distribution otherwise appears to be restricted to Argentina, southern Brazil and Paraguay, we assume this species does not occur in the research area. The specimen mentioned by Arrow (1937b) and Blackwelder (1944) has likely been mislabeled or misidentified.
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on page 206, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Epigenomics of Zebrafish Mature Sperm and Early Embryos
Creators: name: Shan-Fu, Wu
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014

description: One central question in development is how totipotency and pluripotency are established. In mature human sperm, genes of importance for embryo development (i.e. transcription factors) lack DNA methylation and bear nucleosomes with distinctive histone modifications, suggesting the specialized packaging of these developmental genes in the germline. Here, we explored the tractable zebrafish model and found conceptual conservation as well as several new features. Biochemical and mass spectrometric approaches reveal the zebrafish sperm genome packaged in nucleosomes and histone variants (and not protamine), and we find linker histones high and H4K16ac absent-key factors which may contribute to genome condensation. We examined several activating (H3K4me2/3, H3K14ac, H2AFV) and repressing (H3K27me3, H3K36me3, H3K9me3, hypoacetylation) modifications/compositions genome-wide, and find developmental genes packaged in large blocks of chromatin with coincident activating and repressing marks and DNA hypomethylation, revealing complex "multivalent" chromatin. Notably, genes that acquire DNA methylation in the soma (muscle) are enriched in transcription factors for alternative cell fates. Remarkably, we find H3K36me3 located in "silent" developmental gene promoters, and not present at the 3' ends of coding regions of genes heavily transcribed during sperm maturation, suggesting different rules for H3K36me3 in iv the germline and soma. We also reveal the chromatin patterns of transposons, rDNA, and tRNAs. Finally, high levels of H3K4me3 and H3K14ac in sperm are correlated with genes activated in embryos prior to the mid-blastula transition (MBT), whereas multivalent genes are correlated with activation at or after MBT. Taken together, gene sets with particular functions in the embryo are packaged by distinctive types of complex and often atypical chromatin in sperm. Bivalent marks, as the chromatin signature of pluripotency, are not persistent and diluted during early synchronous cell division, making them arguable to be heritable epigenetic marks. Studies in early embryos indicate DNA methylation status is the fundamental to confer totipotency and pluripotency. The anticorrelation between DNA methylation profiles and H2A.Z occupancy is conserved from plants to vertebrates. Here, we examined H2afva occupancy in early embryos in zebrafish by ChIP-seq. We found both H2afva level and enrichment remain consistent from sperm to embryos. H2afva is enriched in proximal promoter region in the first nucleosome. Consistent with previous studies, H2afva occupancy is anticorrelated to DNA methylation both in the promoters and outside of promoters. These data suggest H2afva is potentially a heritable epigenetic mark and sets up DNA methylation profiles of totipotency and pluripotency.
Genetic Analysis of Spontaneous Preterm Birth
Creators: name: Wu, Chen-Han Wilfred
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014

description: Spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) is defined as birth before 37 completed weeks gestation that is not secondary to iatrogenic intervention. SPTB is both a pressing personal and public health issue that is not well understood. Previous studies have shown genetics as an important factor to SPTB. Here I present my PhD work on genetic analyses of SPTB. I dissected the problem with: (1) candidate gene, (2) quantitative genetics, and (3) genome-wide approaches. In Chapter 1, I explore why published candidate gene studies are inconsistent with each other. Allele frequency difference across populations provides one reason. I conducted a meta-analysis on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800795, located in the promoter region of interleukin-6. With population stratification, I unmasked the signal showing that the CC genotype is protective against PTB in women of European descent. This also highlights how positive genetic signals can become obscured when the population structure is not controlled for. In Chapter 2, I use quantitative genetic approaches to decompose the etiologies of SPTB with massive data from the Utah Population Database. A generation effect, which confounds the heritability estimate, was discovered. I then utilized a sibling analysis and partitioned components contributing to the phenotypic variance of SPTB: iv heritability (13.33%), dominance genetic (11.12%), maternal effect (15.23%), and individual environment (60.33%). These findings shed light on the architecture of SPTB pathogenesis and quantify the maternal and fetal contribution to SPTB. In Chapter 3, I perform an unbiased genome-wide association study for SPTB on 22 autosomal chromosomes. The data, which contain cases and controls collected by the Danish National Birth Cohort, were acquired from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Genotypes and Phenotypes Database. No SNP reached genome-wide significance. Although negative, the result provides proof of principle regarding the relatively low heritability of SPTB. Finally, I address insights learned from these analyses that may help guide future SPTB research and may be applicable to other human genetic studies. With these lessons, progress can be made in understanding the genetics of SPTB.
Brief an [Johann Bernoulli]
Creators: name: Lengnich, Karl Benjamin
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1782

description: von [Carl Benjamin] Lengnich
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Januar 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
description: Bl. 168: Zettel an Kräh
Understanding the impact of geology in subsurface reservoir flow processes
Creators: name: Wriedt, Justin
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014
Subjects: Basement reservoir
Carbon dioxide
Enhanced oil recovery
Experimental design
Reservoir
Saline aquifer

description: Geology plays an important role in the subsurface reservoir flow processes. It is necessary to understand the interaction of geology and multiphase physics in various settings. This work investigates the interaction of multiple types of fluids in different depositional settings. The first study is an investigation of risk analysis of carbon dioxide sequestration in a relatively homogenous sandstone. To properly screen sequestration sites it is necessary to understand how different geologic parameters influence potential risk factors. This is achieved by using a methodology that combines experimental designs with Monte Carlo sampling to develop probability density functions of these critical risk factors. These probability density functions can be used as a first-order screening method during geologic sequestration site selection. The second study involves a full field study to understand the potential for long-term subsurface storage of carbon dioxide given a highly detailed geologic model with limited field production history. An application of best practices for a single well pattern is applied to the northern platform of the SACROC reservoir to determine the ideal conditions for economic return and carbon dioxide sequestration. It is found that either sequestration or oil recovery must be the primary goal with the other becoming secondary. The final investigation involves a unique reservoir type where all fluid flows in faults and fractures rather than the matrix. This investigation attempts to understand the flow dynamics under various geologic and fluid parameter ranges to develop a method for history matching these reservoirs. This is done using a simple model for a parametric study which will assist in understanding the production controls in basement reservoirs. This investigates whether low-rate recoveries will achieve higher overall recoveries due to the flow dynamics in faults and fractures. In no scenario was it possible to recover a higher volume of oil at lower recovery rates unless the geologic parameters are flow rate dependent, which is difficult to justify at this time. In each of these studies the impact of the geological parameters is used to determine either the risk factors or to develop optimal methods for economic recovery of reservoir fluids.
Protective factors for parenting teenagers: measuring perceived quality of relationships in latino and anglo adolescents expecting a baby
Creators: name: Wrona, Megan Colleen
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Teenage pregnancy
Hispanic American teenagers
Family relationships

description: In American society, adolescence is typically a time when individuals develop identities and increase their involvement with peers. Transitioning to adulthood becomes more challenging when teenagers are expecting a baby and taking on new roles and responsibilities. While research supports the notion that strong family relationships are protective against negative outcomes and can help to ease the transition into parenthood, less empirical research exists about the cross-cultural manifestations of these family relationships. Familismo, the Latino cultural value emphasizing the importance of family, is often assumed to mean that Latino families are more family-centered than Anglos. However, empirical evidence in support of this assumption is often inconsistent. For example, studies comparing Latino and Anglo families rarely include information about the quality of relationships within the family. This study aimed to better understand the quality of the constellation of family relationships surrounding teenagers expecting a baby by examining reported perceptions of quality of relationships with adolescents' own parents as well as with their partner's parents. To address possible cultural differences, Latino couples were categorized as English-speaking (more acculturated) or Spanish-speaking (less acculturated) and compared with an Anglo population. Results indicated that Spanish-speaking adolescent fathers reported significantly stronger relationships with their own parents and their partner's parents than their Anglo counterparts. Further, Anglo adolescent mothers reported lower perceived quality of relationship with their own mothers than Englishiv speaking Latino couples. Finally, Spanish-speaking couples reported stronger perceived quality of relationships with all four parental figures than their Anglo counterparts. Results provide empirical support for variations of perceptions of quality of relationships based on cultural differences. These differences should be further explored to better understand the protective role these parental relationships may serve for Spanishspeaking adolescents transitioning to parenthood. Additionally, results from this study highlight the importance of including adolescent fathers in research and clinical work related to teenage parenting.
Bothynus herbivorus
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dynastidae
Bothynus
Bothynus herbivorus

description: Bothynus herbivorus (Arrow, 1937)
Ligyrus herbivorus Arrow 1937a: 44 (Guyana)
Distribution. Guyana: Arrow 1937a: 44 (as Ligyrus herbivorus), 1937b: 38 (as Ligyrus herbivorus); Blackwelder 1944: 254 (as Ligyrus herbivorus). Suriname: MHCN - NEW COUNTRY RECORD (Suriname, Paramaribo, Weg naar Zee, (5°51′11″N, 55°11′11″W). 6/ 7-XI-2013. A. J. Hielkema. Flying at light.); NZCS; RMNH. Venezuela (EO): Endrödi 1969a: 126 (EO), 1985a: 271; López-García et al. 2015: 458, 2016: 496. Other: Endrödi 1969a: 126 (Colombia), 1985a: 271 (Colombia); López-García et al. 2015: 458 (Colombia), 2016: 496 (Colombia).
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on page 206, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Low glucose and serum levels cause an increased inflammatory factor in 3T3-L1 cell through Akt, MAPKs and NF-кB activation
Creators: name: Kugo, Hirona
name: Sukketsiri, Wanida
name: Iwamoto, Kazuko
name: Suihara, Satoki
name: Moriyama, Tatsuya
name: Zaima, Nobuhiro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) involves the degradation of vascular fibres, and dilation and rupture of the abdominal aorta. Hypoperfusion in the vascular walls due to stenosis of the vasa vasorum is reportedly a cause of AAA onset and involves the induction of adventitial ectopic adipocytes. Recent studies have reported that ectopic adipocytes are associated with AAA rupture in both human and hypoperfusion-induced animal models, highlighting the pathological importance of hypoperfusion and adipocytes in AAA. However, the relationship between hypoperfusion and AAA remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the changes in inflammation-related factors in adipocytes at low glucose and serum levels. Low glucose and serum levels enhanced the production of AAA-related factors in 3T3-L1 cells. Low glucose and serum levels increased the activation of protein kinase B (also known as Akt), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and nuclear factor (NF) кB at the protein level. The inflammatory factors and related signalling pathways were markedly decreased following the return of the cells to normal culture conditions. These data suggest that low glucose and serum levels increase the levels of inflammatory factors through the activation of Akt, mitogen activated protein kinase, and NF-κB signalling pathways.
Bothynus herteli Endrodi 1968
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dynastidae
Bothynus
Bothynus herteli

description: Bothynus herteli Endrödi, 1968
Bothynus herteli Endrödi 1968: 173 (Guyana)
Distribution. Guyana: Endrödi 1968: 173, 1969a: 113, 1985a: 267; Lachaume 1992: 35; López-García et al. 2016: 496. French Guiana: Lachaume 1992: 35; Brûlé et al. 2011a: 191; Duranton 2011: 20; Ponchel 2011: 61; Dupuis 2016b: 110.
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on page 206, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Cafeteria diet induces global and Slc27a3-specific hypomethylation in male Wistar rats
Creators: name: Viraragavan, Amsha
name: Willmer, Tarryn
name: Patel, Oelfah
name: Basson, Albertus
name: Johnson, Rabia
name: Pheiffer, Carmen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with metabolic dysfunction, while subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is considered protective. The mechanisms underlying these differences are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate molecular differences in VAT and SAT of male Wistar rats fed a cafeteria diet (CD) or a standard rodent diet (STD) for three months. The expression of fatty acid metabolism genes was analysed by quantitative real-time PCR. Global and gene-specific DNA methylation was quantified using the Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit and pyrosequencing, respectively. Bodyweight, retroperitoneal fat mass, insulin resistance, leptin and triglyceride concentrations and adipocyte hypertrophy were higher in CD- compared to STD-fed rats. The expression of solute carrier family 27 member 3 (Slc27a3), a fatty acid transporter, was 9.6-fold higher in VAT and 6.3-fold lower in SAT of CD- versus STD-fed rats. Taqman probes confirmed increased Slc27a3 expression, while pyrosequencing showed Slc27a3 hypomethylation in VAT of CD- compared to STD-fed rats. The CD decreased global methylation in both VAT and SAT, although no depot differences were observed. Dysregulated fatty acid influx in VAT, in response to a CD, provides insight into the mechanisms underlying depot-differences in adipose tissue expansion during obesity and metabolic disease. Abbreviations: CD: cafeteria diet; E2F1: E2F Transcription Factor 1; EMSA: electrophoretic mobility shift assay; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; GCF: GC-Rich Sequence DNA-Binding Factor; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model for insulin resistance; NKX2-1: NK2 homeobox 1; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time PCR; RF: retroperitoneal fat; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; Slc27a3: solute carrier family 27 member 3; STD: standard diet; TNFα: tumour necrosis factor alpha; TTS: transcriptional start site; T2D: Type 2 Diabetes; VAT: visceral adipose tissue; WT1 I: Wilms’ tumour protein 1
Beta-sheet peptide-mediated self-assembly of HPMA Copolymers into nanostructured biomaterials
Creators: name: Wu, Larisa Cristina
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Beta-sheet
Biomaterials
HPMA
Hybrid hydrogels

description: The use of ?-sheets as building blocks for biomaterials is already firmly established. In particular, self-assembled ?-sheet peptides are promising for engineering new fibrous nanostructures and hydrogels. Peptide-synthetic polymer hybrids are especially attractive since they combine the advantages of biomolecular recognition and functional properties of peptides with the low cost and easy fabrication of polymers. Significant developments in the area have included ?-sheet fibrillar networks, and selfassembled hybrid hydrogels, which add further control and utility to these systems. The studies described in this dissertation dealt with the design and evaluation of novel nanofibrous and hydrogel materials based on poly(HPMA)-?-sheet copolymers and their application as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In the first part of this research, the effect of conjugating poly(HPMA) to a ?-sheet peptide via thiol-maleimide chemistry was estimated. The ability of the peptide to adopt a ?-sheet conformation could be imposed in the hybrid at basic pH, through electrostatic interactions between the oppositely charged amino acid residues in the sequence. Hierarchically organized structures, such as micrometer long fibrils, were obtained. In the second part, formation of fibril-like nanostructures was demonstrated for ?-sheet peptides conjugated as grafts to poly(HPMA).