cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Review in Advanced Digital Signal Processing Systems
Creators: name: Dastres, Roza
name: Soori, Mohsen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is the use of digital processing systems by computers in order to perform a variety of signal processing operations. It is the mathematical manipulation of a digital signal's numerical values in order to increase quality as well as effects of signals. DSP can include linear or nonlinear operators in order to process and analyze the input signals. The nonlinear DSP processing is closely related to nonlinear system detection and can be implemented in time, frequency and space-time domains. Applications of the DSP can be presented as control systems, digital image processing, biomedical engineering, speech recognition systems, industrial engineering, health care systems, radar signal processing and telecommunication systems. In this study, advanced methods and different applications of DSP are reviewed in order to move forward the interesting research filed.
On the road to percent accuracy IV: ReACT -- computing the non-linear power spectrum beyond $Λ$CDM
Creators: name: Bose, Benjamin
name: Cataneo, Matteo
name: Tröster, Tilman
name: Xia, Qianli
name: Heymans, Catherine
name: Lombriser, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To effectively exploit large-scale structure surveys, we depend on accurate and reliable predictions of non-linear cosmological structure formation. Tools for efficient and comprehensive computational modelling are therefore essential to perform cosmological parameter inference analyses. We present the public software package ReACT, demonstrating its capability for the fast and accurate calculation of non-linear power spectra from non-standard physics. We showcase ReACT through a series of analyses on the DGP and $f(R)$ gravity models, adopting LSST-like cosmic shear power spectra. Accurate non-linear modelling with ReACT has the potential to more than double LSST's constraining power on the $f(R)$ parameter, in contrast to an analysis that is limited to the quasi-linear regime. We find that ReACT is sufficiently robust for the inference of consistent constraints on theories beyond $Λ$CDM for current and ongoing surveys. With further improvement, particularly in terms of the accuracy of the non-linear $Λ$CDM power spectrum, ReACT can, in principle, meet the accuracy requirements for future surveys such as Euclid and LSST.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS accepted version. ReACT code available here: https://github.com/nebblu/ReACT
Performance Testing in Beef Cattle Improvement Programmes
Creators: name: Holness, Jasmin
name: Holness, Jasmin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: Eight batches comprising 2911 weaner bull calves of the Jamaica Brahman, Jamaica Red Poll, Jamaica Black and composite breeds have completed the 140-day post weaning performance at the Minard facility since 1992. Calves were fed on a group basis, and data on pre-weaning and weaning parameters collated. Final indices and ranking were based on average daily gain, 400-day weight, and weight per day of age. Average daily gain on test over all breed groups by batch were: 1.40; 1.19; 1.15; 1.30;1.24;1.23; and 1.25 Kg respectively, 40o-day weights over all breed groups by batch were: 365.36; 382.14; 388.82; 421.45; 415.41; 392.41; 405.05; and 378.20Kg. Weight per day ofage was 0.73; 0.86; 0.90; 0.93; 0.86; 0.88; 0.96; and 0.83 Kg. Breed and batch differences were observed among the three traits.
title: Resilient Hospital Refurbishment
Creators: name: Garthwaite, Pam
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: Despite periodical refurbishments, hospital buildings appear to become less resilient over the long term. This thesis considers the underlying reasons for this loss of resilience and examines the implications for the wider hospital system. Decisions made during a project can radically alter its course, resulting in highly successful outcomes or alternatively, in projects facing budget overruns, delays, partially or wholly unfulfilled objectives, disappointed end-users, and inadequate buildings. Refurbishment change is examined through the lens of resilience at three levels of magnification; initially, the focus is on refurbishment projects in hospitals; this is followed by an examination of the wider refurbished hospital building; and finally, consideration is directed towards the NHS Estate. Project changes may be particularly challenging when they relate to measures aimed at adapting buildings to future climate change. Specifically, there may be little enthusiasm for expenditure devoted to future needs, when funding is insufficient to meet today’s urgent priorities. Where Trusts have large portfolios of property, pre-emptive climate adaptation measures will take considerable time to realise, and accordingly, necessary measures must be in place before any climate-related risk to vulnerable patients becomes life-threatening. Hospitals are extremely intricate buildings, both in terms of function and of the services that underpin the care process. Relatively small changes, either temporary or permanent, made during the course of a project can have significant repercussions for the hospital. A systems approach has been adopted to explore the relationships and connectivities that may be affected by the hospital refurbishment process. The research findings include the identification of change and resilience mechanisms in refurbishment projects. A framework for mapping change trajectories is presented, to assist in the analysis of propagating changes that affect refurbishment processes. The thesis also makes recommendations for what should be considered in hospital refurbishment projects to improve their overall resilience and reduce vulnerability to major impacts, particularly those that may arise as the UK climate changes.
Muonization of supernova matter
Creators: name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Guo, Gang
name: Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel
name: Liebendörder, Matthias
name: Mezzacappa, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present article investigates the impact of muons on core-collapse supernovae, with particular focus on the early muon neutrino emission. While the presence of muons is well understood in the context of neutron stars, until the recent study by Bollig et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 242702 (2017)] the role of muons in core-collapse supernovae had been neglected--electrons and neutrinos were the only leptons considered. In their study, Bollig et al. disentangled the muon and tau neutrinos and antineutrinos and included a variety of muonic weak reactions, all of which the present paper follows closely. Only then does it becomes possible to quantify the appearance of muons shortly before stellar core bounce and how the post-bounce prompt neutrino emission is modified
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
Weed Population Responses to Herbicide-Crop Rotations
Creators: name: De L. Lugo, Maria
name: Lugo, Wanda I.
name: Roman, Felix M.
name: Gonzalez, Agenol
name: De L. Lugo, Maria
name: Lugo, Wanda I.
name: Roman, Felix M.
name: Gonzalez, Agenol
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Yam (Dioscorea)is an important staple food throughout the Caribbean. Weed competition is a major limitation to production ofyam crops. Because ofreduced interest in herbicide registration for limited-acreage crops such as yam, fanners need alternative weed control methods. Herbicide-crop rotations may become an alternative strategy for weed control in erops such as yarns. The objective of this study was to determine weed population responses and yam production under herbicide-crop rotations. A two year study was conducted at two locations. Treatments were: a) fallow-yarn-yarn, b)bean-bcan-bean-yam, c) cabbage-cabbage-cabbage-yarn, d) bean-cabbage-bean-yam and e) cabbage-bean-cabbage-yam. Weed species were different at Coropal and Isabela. The fonncrSorghum halepense was reduced after the twoyear herbicide-crop rotation but other wecd densities were not different among treatments. At the latter, common weeds were Echinochloa colona, Eleusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis, and Amaranthus dubius. At both locations weed densities were lower in the final yarn planting than at the beginning of the study and no significant differences in tuber yields were detected among treatments. Data obtained in this study did not provide conclusive results, but dramatic changes in the S. halepense density demonstrate the potential of crop-herbicide rotation for the control of specific weeds.
Weed Management in Dry Beans in Puerto Rico
Creators: name: Semidey, N.
name: Acevedo, E.
name: Flores, L. E.
name: Semidey, N.
name: Acevedo, E.
name: Flores, L. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: An experiment with Arroyo Loro bean was conducted at Isabela, Puerto Rico in 1998 to evaluate potential weed management strategies for dry beans. Trifluralin (0.75 kg/ha) and pendimethalin (I .24 kg/ha) both preplanting, and imazelhapyr (0.06 kg/ha) and metholachlor (2.8 kg/ha) both preemergenee, were equally effective reducing broadleaf weeds. Prccrncrgcnce imazethapyr and postemergence bentazon were less effective for grasses than rnctolachlor, trifluralin, pcndimethalim, and bentazon which in combination with sethoxydim at third week controlled 100% of grasses. Bean yield ranged from 1,555 kg/ha (with pendimethalin plus bentazon) to 1,970 kg/ha (with imazethapyr at 5 days) but did not differ significantly (P = 0.05). Harvesting by hand maximized yield recovery since most ofthe herbicides reduced weed biomass and potential grain loss.
American Foulbrood Disease and Other Bee Pests in the Caribbean with Specific Emphasis on Jamaica
Creators: name: Smith, Hugh A.
name: Smith, Hugh A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The Caribbean has been plagued by bee pests with each island taking steps to eradicate and or control these pests. In an effort to detennine the status ofAmerican Foulbrood Disease and other bee pests in Jamaica, 390 I hives in 185 randomly selected apiaries were inspected over two successive periods, August - December, 1996 and June - August, 1997. The results of the survey suggested that the disease is still not wide spread as it was only found affecting 43 hives in three apiaries; all in one parish (Manchester). Wax moth was the most frequently found and widely distributed pests affecting 39 apiaries.
The Effect of Tobacco Etch Virus on the Growth and Yield of Two Capsicum chinense Pepper Varieties
Creators: name: Myers, Lisa
name: Martin, Raymond
name: McDonald, Sharon
name: Myers, Lisa
name: Martin, Raymond
name: McDonald, Sharon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: The effect oftobacco etch virus (TEV) on the growth and yield oftwo hot pepper (Capsicum chinense) varieties, Scotch Bonnet and West Indian Red pepper was investigated in a field trial under natural virus/vector pressure. Four treatments comprising covered and uncovered treatments were investigated. The effect of TEV on plant height and foliage cover was not significant in covered and uncovered Scotch Bonnet and West Indian Red treatments. This was due to the delay in virus introduction within treatments. When virus was first detected maximum vegetative growth was already attained. Despite the delay in virus onset there was a 52.5% yield reduction in uncovered Scotch Bonnet treatments. Virus infected uncovered West Indian Red treatments on the other hand showed only a 14% yield reduction in the presence of virus. Due to the relatively high temperature and humidity under covered treatments, little or no yield data were obtained for analysis. A negative correlation was found between total marketable yield, after eight weekly harvests and virus disease incidence at 91, 98 and 106 DAT for uncovered Scotch Bonnet pepper treatments. This correlation was even greater between the latter four weekly harvests and virus disease incidence at the same dates. No correlation existed between these variables in uncovered Westlndian Red pepper treatments. It was concluded that host genotype, the time of infection and virus incidence were factors which influenced the effect the virus had on growth and yield.
Outbreak of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) Rhizome Rot in the Major Growing Areas of Jamaica
Creators: name: Chung, Phillip
name: Chung, Phillip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: In recent years, the domestic and international markets for ginger have grown. In Jamaica, grower interest in this crop has fluctuated with traditional price-induced gluts and shortages. Nevertheless, numerous fanners still rely on ginger as a major seasonal source of income. Since 1995, the major ginger growing areas experienced a rhizome rot whieh has since intensified and spread. This disease complex now presents a major threat to the ginger industry in Jamaiea as present average total damage levels approximate 55%. The pathogens Fusarium spp., Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Verticillium spp. were isolated from diseased rhizomes. The disease eomplex has adversely affected both exports and local supply, forcing prices up and restricting availability ofplanting material. An experiment was established to evaluate chemical disease control. Pre-plant fungicide/bacteristatic/baetericide rhizome dips were superior to the untreated control (farmer practice). Results are presented.
Effects of Different Row Ratios of Male and Female Parents and Application Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Hybrid Wheat Seed Production and Its Component Factors
Creators: name: SUN Can
name: RUAN Renwu
name: YAN Lili
name: HU Dan
name: LIU Xingbei
name: SHE Hengzhi
name: XU Manman
name: LI Zhongan
name: YI Zelin
name: YANG Yuheng
name: SUN Can
name: RUAN Renwu
name: YAN Lili
name: HU Dan
name: LIU Xingbei
name: SHE Hengzhi
name: XU Manman
name: LI Zhongan
name: YI Zelin
name: YANG Yuheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Hybrid wheat, Row ratio of male and female parents, Nitrogen fertilizer, Seed production

description: In order to screen suitable high hybrid wheat seed production technology, the split-plot experiment design was adopted and study was carried out about the effects of the different row ratios of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer on hybrid wheat seed production and its component factors. The results showed that the seed production increased with the increase in the number of female parent row. When the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:6, the seed production was 3 683.8 kg/ha; when the application amount of nitrogen fertilization was 50 kg/ha, the seed production was 3 649.4 kg/ha; the interaction between the row ratio of male and female parents and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer indicated that when the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:6 and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg/ha, the seed production reached the highest (4 160.6 kg/ha). The row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on the component factors of seed production, including the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage. When the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:5, the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 26.7 grains, 1.12 g, and 62.6% respectively; when application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 450 kg/ha, the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 26.0 grains, 1.08 g, and 59.2% respectively; the interaction of row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage; when the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:5 and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg/ha, the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 29.6 grains, 1.24 g, and 71.6% respectively. Conclusions: the number of grains per spike is the largest component factor for seed production. Increasing the number of grains per spike can increase the seed production. According to the effects of row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the component factors of seed production, the optimal condition was 2:5-2:6 for row ratio of male and female parents and 300-450 kg/ha for application amount of nitrogen fertilizer.
Additional file 1 of Varlociraptor: enhancing sensitivity and controlling false discovery rate in somatic indel discovery
Creators: name: Köster, Johannes
name: Dijkstra, Louis J.
name: Marschall, Tobias
name: Schönhuth, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1 Supplement: This contains all supplementary sections and figures referenced in the main text.
Technical Summary of Rice Yield Exceeding 10 Tons per Hectare for Three Consecutive Years
Creators: name: JIN Guanghao
name: DU Xiaodong
name: CAI Yongsheng
name: JIN Guanghao
name: DU Xiaodong
name: CAI Yongsheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rice, Yield, Technology

description: In Heilongjiang Province, rice planting area increased year by year. However, due to improper cultivation methods, farmers did not have knowledge about characteristics of rice varieties, there was still no complete cultivation technology system. The yield of different regions varied widely. The increase in rice yield was relatively low, and yield per hectare remained at 7 tons. Through the recent three years of large-scale demonstration, it is known that at the same time of promoting high-yield rice varieties, it is recommended to promote high-yield cultivation method. In the cultivation process, it is recommended to take reliable, effective, and simple and feasible technical procedures.
Continuum Acceleration of Black Hole Winds
Creators: name: Everett, J. E.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent observations of high-velocity, highly ionized winds in several QSOs, models of purely continuum-driven winds launched from approximately 200 GM_{BH}/c^2 are presented. Launching conditions are investigated, as well as the observational signatures for a variety of initial conditions and illuminating continua. While we verify that continuum-driven, highly-ionized outflows reach the observed velocities for L/L_{Edd} >~ 1, independent of the incident spectral shape, such winds are too highly ionized to exhibit the observed absorption features when launched with an AGN continuum (in fact, such winds are so ionized that they are driven primarily by electron scattering). If the wind is instead illuminated with a blackbody continuum originating from an optically thick shield, the gas is too weakly ionized and does not produce high energy absorption features. If high-velocity, high-ionization winds are truly launched from very near the black hole, such winds must be launched under other conditions or via other processes; we summarize some possibilities.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJL
Non-Hermitian second-order skin and topological modes
Creators: name: Fu, Yongxu
name: Hu, Jihan
name: Wan, Shaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The skin effect and topological edge states in non-Hermitian system have been well-studied, and the second-order skin effect and corner modes have also been proposed in non-Hermitian system recently. In this paper, we construct the nested tight-binding formalism to research the second-order corner modes analytically, which is a direct description of the generic non-Hermitian tight-binding model without other assumptions. Within this formalism, we obtain the exact solutions of second-order topological zero-energy corner modes for the non-Hermitian four-band model. We validate the nested tight-binding formalism in the hybrid skin-topological corner modes for the four-band model and a non-Hermitian two-dimensional (2D) extrinsic model. In addition, we exactly illustrate the corner modes induced by second-order skin effect for a simplest 2D non-Hermitian model by the nested tight-binding formalism.
description: 15 pages,4 figures
Additional file 2 of IC100: a novel anti-ASC monoclonal antibody improves functional outcomes in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Haritha L. Desu
name: Plastini, Melanie
name: Illiano, Placido
name: Bramlett, Helen M.
name: W. Dalton Dietrich
name: Vaccari, Juan Pablo De Rivero
name: Brambilla, Roberta
name: Keane, Robert W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 1. Flow cytometry gating strategy. A representative spinal cord sample is shown.
An Analysis on the Relationship between Maize Heterosis and Genetic Distance
Creators: name: ZHONG Yi
name: JIAO Renhai
name: XU Yanrong
name: DAI Xiuyun
name: HOU Zongyun
name: LIU Xing'er
name: ZHONG Yi
name: JIAO Renhai
name: XU Yanrong
name: DAI Xiuyun
name: HOU Zongyun
name: LIU Xing'er
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Maize, Heterosis, Genetic distance, Yield

description: 13 normal maize inbred lines with quite different quantitative traits were used as experimental materials in this paper. The results showed that there was significantly positive correlation between genetic distance and plot yield, mid-parent heterosis, super heterosis, or SCA of yield. In a certain range, the longer the genetic distance between parental inbred lines, the stronger the heterosis. Therefore, in genetic practice, it was necessary to take the molecular genetic distance between inbred lines as an important reference.
Chalkiness Characters and Scanning Electron Microscope Observation of Rice Grain Endosperm of Japonica Varieties in Southern Henan
Creators: name: PENG Bo
name: SUN Yanfang
name: KONG Dongyan
name: PANG Ruihua
name: SONG Xiaohua
name: LI Huilong
name: LI Jintao
name: ZHOU Qiyang
name: HAN Qiu
name: SONG Shizhi
name: YUAN Hongyu
name: PENG Bo
name: SUN Yanfang
name: KONG Dongyan
name: PANG Ruihua
name: SONG Xiaohua
name: LI Huilong
name: LI Jintao
name: ZHOU Qiyang
name: HAN Qiu
name: SONG Shizhi
name: YUAN Hongyu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Chalkiness, Scanning electron microscope, Japonica rice, Starch granule, Endosperm

description: Chalkiness characters affect not only the grain appearance, milling, eating and cooking qualities but also the grain nutritional quality in rice, thus it is one of the most important traits in rice. It is very important for us to investigate the relation of the chalkiness formation and the development of endosperm structure and starch granule of different rice varieties. Here, we have investigated the chalkiness characters such as chalkiness rate, chalkiness degree and chalkiness area in 15 japonica rice varieties from southern Henan. Furthermore, the endosperm structure and starch granules of rice grain were also observed with scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the 15 japonica varieties have a significantly linear relationship between the chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree. Among the varieties, the biggest difference is the chalkiness rate, the second is the chalkiness area, and the last is the chalkiness degree. Moreover, there is a certain correlation between the distribution of starch granules, the arrangement of endosperm cells and the occurrence of grain chalkiness in the different rice varieties. For the same variety, the starch granules of chalky and non-chalky grains have obvious difference, while the starch granules from the transparent part of chalky rice and non-chalky rice do not have significant difference. The results would provide useful references for the improvement of grain quality in rice.
Effect of Fermented Plant Products on Alkaline-Saline Soil and the Growth of Alfalfa Seedlings
Creators: name: WANG Hui
name: WANG Lei
name: LU Qixin
name: XU Zhenwen
name: WANG Guijun
name: WANG Hui
name: WANG Lei
name: LU Qixin
name: XU Zhenwen
name: WANG Guijun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Fermented plant products, Alkaline-saline soil, Ameliorant, Growth index

description: A pot experiment was conducted by putting ameliorants, the products of plants fermented by lactobacillus, and sandy soil into alkaline-saline soil. After such blending, the soil physicochemical properties and the growth index of Alfalfa seedlings were measured in order to explore the influence of the blending on alkaline-saline soil and the growth of alfalfa seedlings. The results showed that soil pH decreased significantly after adding ameliorant; mixing ameliorant and sandy soil into alkaline-saline soil reduced soil evaporation and increased the germination rate of alfalfa seeds and their chlorophyll content as well as the seedling height, root length of alfalfa seedlings, but it had not significant effect on alfalfa seedlings' biomass and leaf number; besides, excessive ameliorant would inhibit the growth of alfalfa seedlings.
Computing the Pseudospectral Abscissa of Time-Delay Systems
Creators: name: Gumussoy, Suat
name: Michiels, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The pseudospectra of a linear time-invariant system are the sets in the complex plane consisting of all the roots of the characteristic equation when the system matrices are subjected to all possible perturbations with a given upper bound. The pseudospectral abscissa are defined as the maximum real part of the characteristic roots in the pseudospectra and, therefore, they are for instance important from a robust stability point of view. In this paper we present a numerical method for the computation of the pseudospectral abscissa of retarded delay differential equations with discrete pointwise delays. Our approach is based on the connections between the pseudospectra and the level sets of an appropriately defined complex function. These connections lead us to a bisection algorithm for the computation of the pseudospectral abscissa, where each step relies on checking the presence of imaginary axis eigenvalues of an appropriately defined operator. Because this operator is infinite-dimensional a predictor-corrector approach is taken. In the predictor step the bisection algorithm is applied where the operator is discretized into a matrix, yielding approximations for the pseudospectral abscissa. The effect of the discretization is fully characterized in the paper. In the corrector step, the approximate pseudospectral abscissa are corrected to any given accuracy, by solving a set of nonlinear equations that characterize extreme points in the pseudospectra contours.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.03248
Massive Star Formation in the W49 Giant Molecular Cloud: Implications for the Formation of Massive Star Clusters
Creators: name: Homeier, N. L.
name: Alves, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from JHKs imaging of the densest region of the W49 molecular cloud. In a recent paper (Alves & Homeier 2003), we reported the detection of (previously unknown) massive stellar clusters in the well-known giant radio HII region W49A, and here we continue our analysis. We use the extensive line-of-sight extinction to isolate a population of objects associated with W49A. We constrain the slope of the stellar luminosity function by constructing an extinction-limited luminosity function, and use this to obtain a mass function. We find no evidence for a top-heavy MF, and the slope of the derived mass function is -1.6 \pm 0.3. We identify candidate massive stars from our color-magnitude diagram, and we use these to estimate the current total stellar mass of 5-7x10^4 M_sun in the region of the W49 molecular cloud covered by our survey. Candidate ionizing stars for several ultra-compact HII regions are detected, with many having multipe candidate sources. On the global molecular cloud scale in W49, massive star formation apparently did not proceed in a single concentrated burst, but in small groups, or subclusters. This may be an essential physical description for star formation in what will later be termed a 'massive star cluster'.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Characterization of the role of HACE1 in Wilms' tumours
Creators: name: Anglesio, Michael Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Our research group recently identified the novel ubiquitin-protein ligase gene, HACE1 (HECT domain and Ankyrin repeat Containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1), on Chr. 6 near a unique t(6;15)(q21;q21) translocation in a Wilms' tumour. HACE1 levels are reduced in ~75% of Wilms' tumours and a number of other malignancies compared to patient-matched normal tissue. Furthermore, aberrant methylation patterns within CpG islands upstream of the HACE1 gene, in Wilms' tumours, correlate increased levels of methylation with lower expression (60%). This has led us to hypothesize that HACE1 functions as a tumour suppressor gene. To explore this hypothesis, I have established two retroviral model systems. First, I have observed that Wilms' tumour derived cell lines grown in soft agar show reduced colony number and size when cells were engineered to stably over-express HACE1 compared with empty vector or a non-functional HACE1 mutant. In vivo tumour formation in nude mice injected with a Wilms' tumour cell line overexpressing HACE1 is also highly attenuated compared with empty vector control. Second, I have identified a number of small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences that functionally knock-down HACE1 expression. These siRNAs have been used in a stable lentiviral system to reduce HACE1 expression by as much as 80% in a number of cell lines, mimicking the low level of HACE1 observed in Wilms' tumours. Knocking down HACE1 levels in HEK293 cells resulted in an increase in both the number and size of soft agar colonies. HACE1 appears to affect several different growth and survival related pathways. Although direct targets of HACE1 are not yet validated, changes in AKT and GSK3β activation and the levels of cyclin D1 are consistently affected by HACE1 expression. Taken together, these data support a role for HACE1 as a novel tumour suppressor whose reduced expression can contribute to malignant progression.
The Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in Terracing Land under Different Land Use Patterns in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Creators: name: CHEN Guojian
name: LI Chunli
name: LI Juanjuan
name: LIAO Liangyu
name: WEI Jie
name: LI Peixia
name: CHEN Guojian
name: LI Chunli
name: LI Juanjuan
name: LIAO Liangyu
name: WEI Jie
name: LI Peixia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Terracing land, Land use patterns, Soil nutrients

description: In this study, taking the typical terracing land in Wushan County of Chongqing Municipality for example, we study the distribution of soil nutrients in the terracing land under different land use patterns in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. We conduct field survey and sampling on three different land use patterns (cash crop land, food crop land and abandoned land), and do the indoor experimental analysis of soil nutrient indicators. The results indicate that there is significant or very significant impact on soil nutrients under different land use patterns. The content of soil organic matter declines in sequence from abandoned land, food crop land to cash crop land; the content of soil N declines in sequence from cash crop land, abandoned land to food crop land; the content of soil P declines in sequence from cash crop land, food crop land to abandoned land; the content of soil K declines in sequence from abandoned land, cash crop land to food crop land. The result is in close relation to land use patterns, human cultivation activity, land disturbance and application of fertilizer.
title: Transition from employee to entrepreneur
Creators: name: Chovanec, Ondrej
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Entrepreneurship
subject: Transition
subject: Entrepreneur
subject: Employee
subject: Guideline

description: This study addresses the issue which is faced by most of the Professional MBA graduates from Entrepreneurship & Innovation specialization. They have just finished their MBA program. On the one hand they dispose with all necessary theoretical knowledge to start their own business and become entrepreneurs but on the other hand they are still well paid employees (mostly managers) with their houses/flats, families, cars, mortgages and with their high standard of living. And furthermore they are used to getting their salary every month. This study is focused to compare successful managers (employees) with successful entrepreneurs and describes in depth the differences and issues with potential transition from employee to entrepreneur. Primary and secondary data were used within this study. The primary data are data collected by the interviews conducted within well paid managers and successful entrepreneurs. The secondary data are the data searched via internet and literature related to this topic. This study creates a guideline for aspiring entrepreneurs (who are still employees) to guide them within the transition process to become an entrepreneurs. Firstly it describes all essential steps which need to be realized within the transition, such as entrepreneurial mind set, personal development, idea generation, identification of opportunities, strategy, creation of business plan, and other related issues. These steps are described both, based on theoretical knowledge from secondary data and compared with practical knowledge based on primary data. Secondly it shows a practical example how the transition might be pursued. It includes usage of all upper mentioned essential steps in practice, taking into account information gathered from the real entrepreneurs too.
Additional file 3 of Associations of loneliness and social isolation with cardiovascular and metabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Creators: name: Winterton, Adriano
name: Rødevand, Linn
name: Westlye, Lars T.
name: Steen, Nils Eiel
name: Andreassen, Ole A.
name: Quintana, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3:. Data extraction form. Record of pertinent study characteristics for each included study.
Effect of Balanced Application of Potash Fertilizer on the Yield of Rice Yongyou 15 and Soil Nutrient Content
Creators: name: LIU Xiaoxia
name: ZHANG Zhe
name: WANG Guangfeng
name: LU Lingli
name: WANG Junjun
name: CHEN Yiding
name: LIU Xiaoxia
name: ZHANG Zhe
name: WANG Guangfeng
name: LU Lingli
name: WANG Junjun
name: CHEN Yiding
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Balanced fertilization, Potash fertilizer, Yield, Rice, Nutrients

description: By the field experiment, we set up the treatments of non-application of potash fertilizer, conventional fertilization, balanced fertilization and halved application of potash fertilizer, and studied the effect of different treatments on rice yield and soil nutrient content. The results showed that compared with non-application of potash fertilizer, conventional fertilization and balanced fertilization significantly increased the spike length, thousand kernel weight, yield and total potassium content of the stalk, as well as soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus content; compared with conventional fertilization, the balanced fertilization did not significantly increase the rice growth and yield, but effectively increased rice grain total nitrogen, stalk total nitrogen and total phosphorus content, as well as soil available phosphorus and available potassium content. It could be found that potash fertilizer played a certain role in increasing rice yield and soil nutrient content, and the balanced fertilization had the most significant effect.
Is Dark Energy Dynamical? Prospects for an Answer
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
name: Miquel, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent data advances offer the exciting prospect of a first look at whether dark energy has a dynamical equation of state or not. While formally theories exist with a constant equation of state, they are nongeneric -- Einstein's cosmological constant is a notable exception. So limits on the time variation, w', directly tell us crucial physics. Two recent improvements in supernova data from the Hubble Space Telescope allow important steps forward in constraining the dynamics of dark energy, possessing the ability to exclude models with w'\ga 1, if the universe truly has a cosmological constant. These data bring us much closer to the ``systematics'' era, where further improvements will come predominantly from more accurate, not merely more, observations. We examine the possible gains and point out the complementary roles of space and ground based observations in the near future. To achieve the leap to precision understanding of dark energy in the next generation will require specially designed space based measurements; we estimate the confidence level of detection of dynamics (e.g. distinguishing between $w'=0$ and $w'=1$) will be ~1.8σafter the ongoing generation, improving to more than 6.5σin the dedicated space generation.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; version accepted to Phys. Rev. D
The Effects of Different Ratios of Feldspathic Sandstone and Sand Compound Soil on Water-stable Aggregates in 4 Years Crop Planting
Creators: name: ZHAO Tong
name: HAN Jichang
name: ZHANG Yang
name: WANG Huanyuan
name: JI Xian
name: ZHAO Tong
name: HAN Jichang
name: ZHANG Yang
name: WANG Huanyuan
name: JI Xian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Feldspathic sandstone and sand compound soil, Water-stable aggregates, Cementation

description: To study the formation process of feldspathic sandstone and sand compound soil in the Mu Us Desert, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5 ratios of feldspathic sandstone and sand were mixed to obtain compound soil to plant crops, and analyze the rules of changes in water-stable aggregates of the compound soil among the 4 years crops growing process. The results showed, before crop planting, the order of mass percent of > 0.25 mm and 0.25-2.00 mm water-stable aggregates in three kinds of compound soil was 1:1>1:2>1:5, showing that the overall content was low; the mass percent of > 0.25 mm water-stable aggregates remained at 18.38%-28.22%; the mass percent of 0.25-0.50 mm, 0.50-2.00 mm, 2.00-5.00 mm, and > 5.00 mm water-stable aggregates was close with each other in each kind of compound soil. After 4 years of planting, the mass percent of > 0.25 mm water-stable aggregates in 1:2 compound soil increased significantly and exceeded other 2 kinds of compound soil, reached 32.34%; the main components of > 0.25 mm water stable aggregates in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:5 compound soil were 0.25-0.50 mm (53.54%), 0.25-0.50 mm (59.43%), 0.05-2.00 mm (52.16%), aggregates; 0.25-2.00 mm aggregates increased significantly in all three kinds of compound soil, with the highest increase in 1:2 compound soil; the organic matters of 1:2 compound soil were significantly correlated with 0.25-0.50 mm and 0.25-2.00 mm water-stable aggregates. The results showed that the ratio of 0.25-2.00 mm aggregates in the three kinds of compound soil was increased after 4 years of crop planting and 1: 2 compound soil was most favorable for the formation of aggregates.
A Size of ~10 Mpc for the Ionized Bubbles at the End of Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Wyithe, Stuart
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first galaxies to appear in the universe at redshifts z>20 created ionized bubbles in the intergalactic medium of neutral hydrogen left over from the Big-Bang. It is thought that the ionized bubbles grew with time, surrounded clusters of dwarf galaxies and eventually overlapped quickly throughout the universe over a narrow redshift interval near z~6. This event signaled the end of the reionization epoch when the universe was a billion years old. Measuring the hitherto unknown size distribution of the bubbles at their final overlap phase is a focus of forthcoming observational programs aimed at highly redshifted 21cm emission from atomic hydrogen. Here we show that the combined constraints of cosmic variance and causality imply an observed bubble size at the end of the overlap epoch of ~10 physical Mpc, and a scatter in the observed redshift of overlap along different lines-of-sight of ~0.15. This scatter is consistent with observational constraints from recent spectroscopic data on the farthest known quasars. Our novel result implies that future radio experiments should be tuned to a characteristic angular scale of ~0.5 degrees and have a minimum frequency band-width of ~8 MHz for an optimal detection of 21cm flux fluctuations near the end of reionization.
description: Accepted for publication in Nature. Press embargo until published
title: The use of innovation and intrapreneurship techniques at telecommunication providers while competing with Over the Top service providers
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Alexander Borisov
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: telecommunication
subject: strategy
subject: foresight
subject: innovation
subject: entrepreneurial
subject: OTTs

description: The telecommunication industry especially in Europe has suffered significant downfall in the past five years. Two of the main reasons being, corporate complacency associated with great focus on organic growth and core services, and the emergence of Over The Top players that have introduced new business models. In particular, OTTs take advantage of the mobile and fixed networks, built by the traditional telecommunication providers, to offer all of their IP-based services on top of the internet connectivity. It has been evaluated that the telecommunications industry for the period between 2012 and 2018 would lose $386 billion of revenues to all IP-based services, from mobile applications for voice/video/messaging over IP such as WhatsApp and Skype to entertainment on demand and pay-tv offered by Netflix and Amazon. Hence, when missing corporate foresight and long-term strategy in order to sustain corporate growth it is difficult to compete and remain relevant as an organization over the decays ahead. The leaders on the executive level need to steer their organization towards building diverse knowledge by promoting exploration activities supported by lean and streamlined internal product development processes and procedures. In addition, large organizations need to evaluate the potential and the benefits of new ideas and business opportunities from external sources. Most often working with external party on new product or service provides faster time to market and lower risk of entering new market. Therefore, establishing innovation and entrepreneurial environment could help telecoms build corporate value and growth perspectives in the long-term. Amazon Inc. the e-commerce leader is one of the great examples for how to set-up effective long-term corporate strategy. In particular, strategy designed to produce results in adjacent and distant sectors compared to its core industry of operations. Further, making decisions to explore such new opportunities has to be done with the full understanding that some new business models require time to produce results and become viable.
Geometric interpretation of the large N=4 index
Creators: name: Saulina, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study WZW models with the large N=4 superconformal symetry. Our main result is a geometric interpretation of the large N=4 index. In particular, we find that states contributing to the index belong to spectral flow orbits of special RR ground states. We use (anti-)holomorphic differentials with torsion to clarify the geometric meaning of these states in terms of differential forms on the target space.
description: 26 pages, LaTex