cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum certification and benchmarking
Creators: name: Eisert, J.
name: Hangleiter, D.
name: Walk, N.
name: Roth, I.
name: Markham, D.
name: Parekh, R.
name: Chabaud, U.
name: Kashefi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Concomitant with the rapid development of quantum technologies, challenging demands arise concerning the certification and characterization of devices. The promises of the field can only be achieved if stringent levels of precision of components can be reached and their functioning guaranteed. This review provides a brief overview of the known characterization methods of certification, benchmarking, and tomographic recovery of quantum states and processes, as well as their applications in quantum computing, simulation, and communication.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, 5 text boxes, 1 table, invited review for Nature Reviews, v2 extended and updated
MOESM3 of Targeting of CXCR3 improves anti-myeloma efficacy of adoptively transferred activated natural killer cells
Creators: name: Bonanni, Valentina
name: Antonangeli, Fabrizio
name: Santoni, Angela
name: Bernardini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. (PDF) CXCR4 expression by Cxcr3+/+ and Cxcr3−/− NK cells. Freshly purified, IL-15 and IL-12/15/18 activated (20 h) Cxcr3+/+ and Cxcr3−/− NK cells were stained for CXCR4 or isotype control. Upper panels show histogram plot of overlays of CXCR4 staining in untreated and cytokine treated cells of a representative analysis. White filled histograms represent isotype control (i.c.) staining. Lower panels show average ± SEM of median fluorescence intensity (MFI) from 3 independent analysis.
title: The Choice of Institutions to Solve Cooperation Problems: A Survey of Experimental Research
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Dannenberg, Astrid
name: Gallier, Carlo
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: public goods
Literature review
experiments
endogenous institutional choice
Economics
Wirtschaft
voting
cooperation

description: A growing experimental literature studies the endogenous choice of institutions to solve cooperation problems arising in prisoners’ dilemmas, public goods games, and common pool resource games. Participants in these experiments have the opportunity to influence the rules of the game before they play the game. In this paper, we review the experimental literature of the last 20 years on the choice of institutions and describe what has been learned about the quality and the determinants of institutional choice. Almost all institutions improve cooperation if they are implemented, but they are not always implemented by the players. Institutional costs, remaining free‐riding incentives, and a lack of learning opportunities are the most important barriers. At the individual level, own cooperativeness and beliefs about other players’ behavior can be identified as important determinants of institutional choice. Cooperation tends to be higher under endogenously chosen institutions than exogenously imposed institutions. However, a significant share of players fails to implement the institution and they often perform poorly, which is why we cannot conclude that letting people choose is better than enforcing institutions from outside.
Overseeding Bermudagrass Pastures with Ryegrass and Clovers: Estimating Partial Returns
Creators: name: Smith, S. Aaron
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Philipp, Dirk
name: Coffey, Kenneth P.
name: Gbur, Edward E.
name: Montgomery, T. Greg
name: Smith, S. Aaron
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Philipp, Dirk
name: Coffey, Kenneth P.
name: Gbur, Edward E.
name: Montgomery, T. Greg
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Results from a three-year study at University of Arkansas’ Southeast Research and Extension Center in Monticello, Arkansas were used to examine partial returns (PR) from stocker cattle grazing bermudagrass pastures overseeded with ryegrass and crimson clover, white clover, or crimson and white clover in two grazing seasons. The study revealed that at current fertilizer and seed prices, the control pasture, overseeded with ryegrass and fertilized with commercial nitrogen, provided higher PR than pastures overseeded with clovers and ryegrass. Furthermore, the study revealed current nitrogen fertilizer prices would have to more than double for producers to achieve greater PR with clovers.
MOESM4 of Targeting of CXCR3 improves anti-myeloma efficacy of adoptively transferred activated natural killer cells
Creators: name: Bonanni, Valentina
name: Antonangeli, Fabrizio
name: Santoni, Angela
name: Bernardini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. (PDF) Anti-MM efficacy of IL-15 activated WT versus Cxcr3 deficient NK cells. A) Activated NK cells (5 × 105) from Cxcr3+/+ or Cxcr3−/− mice were transferred to mice two weeks after 5 T33 cell injection and tumor burden was calculated after 48 h. Graph shows the average ± SEM of frequency of tumor cells in BM and spleen from two independent experiments using a total of at least 4 animals per group. One-way ANOVA test was used to compare multiple groups. *, P
Constraining Nonthermal Dark Matter's Impact on the Matter Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Miller, Carisa
name: Erickcek, Adrienne
name: Murgia, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusion of a period of (effective) matter domination following inflation and prior to the onset of radiation domination has interesting and observable consequences for structure growth. During this early matter-dominated era (EMDE), the Universe was dominated by massive particles, or an oscillating scalar field, that decayed into Standard Model particles, thus reheating the Universe. This decay process could also be the primary source of dark matter. In the absence of fine-tuning between the masses of the parent and daughter particles, both dark matter particles and Standard Model particles would be produced with relativistic velocities. We investigate the effects of the nonthermal production of dark matter particles with relativistic velocities on the matter power spectrum by determining the resulting velocity distribution function for the dark matter. We find that the vast majority of dark matter particles produced during the EMDE are still relativistic at reheating, so their free streaming erases the perturbations that grow during the EMDE. The free streaming of the dark matter particles can also prevent the formation of satellite galaxies around the Milky Way and the structures observed in the Lyman-$α$ forest. For a given reheat temperature, these observations put an upper limit on the velocity of the dark matter particles at their creation. For example, for a reheat temperature of 10 MeV, dark matter must be produced with a Lorentz factor $γ\lesssim 550$.
description: To be submitted to PRD; 14 pages, 13 figures; Updated to match published version
Transylvanian Baroque: Liberalism and its Others in Rural Romania
Creators: name: Williamson, Hugh Francis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Liberalism
Technocracy
Romania
Transylvania
Conservation
Romanticism
Public sphere
Dialogue
Taxation
Common Agricultural Policy
High Nature Value
Baroque holism
Transylvanian Saxons
Pastoralism
European Union
Post-Socialism
Community
Rural Development

description: This thesis is an exploration of liberalism in Romania and in anthropology. Liberalism is frequently represented in contemporary anthropology as a hegemonic technocratic practice, rationalist ideology and hypocritically exclusionary politics. I challenge this representation through an ethnography of a British-Romanian rural revitalisation and conservation programme in the Saxon villages region of southern Transylvania, Romania, and the vernacular liberalism of the cosmopolitan youth who have taken this project up. Douglas Holmes has asserted that in the European Union (EU) in the twenty-first century, communities and people are experimenting with new identity projects that fuse the liberal and illiberal in innovative ways. I trace how the rural revitalisation programme brought together romantic, “integralist” visions of the Saxon villages with the EU’s liberal technologies of governance to create a set of projects the value of which could be translated between diverse sets of actors, from British tourists through European bureaucrats and Transylvanian farmers. This provided local youth with the possibility of making a life in their home region in a context of significant economic decline and massive emigration. The seemingly disparate liberal and romantic elements, initially brought together in a transnational context, were “domesticated” by Transylvanian liberals as complementary resources that could be mobilised to combat entrenched problems of Romanian society and modernity, as liberals saw it, notably the failure of the state to provide key services and the stagnation of the public sphere. The state’s failures had led liberals to abandon it is a source of hope, turning instead to voluntary action, which made the dilemmas of how to mobilise engaged publics all the more crucial. Village liberals’ attempts to foster such publics frequently ended up reproducing their own marginality, however. Against conventional representations of liberalism, I argue that its technocratic pretensions can be an object of hope in a milieu where expertise is perceived to be absent as much as an institutional hegemony. I further conclude that the multiple ways in which the liberal and the romantic are combined challenges dominant images of liberal ideology and practice as purely abstract and formal.
description: Research supported by funding from the Newton Trust and Pigott Trust, via CHESS (Cambridge Home and European Scholarship Scheme).
Additional file 1 of China’s conversion of cropland to forest program: a systematic review of the environmental and socioeconomic effects
Creators: name: Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Lucas
name: Hogarth, Nicholas
name: Zhou, Wen
name: Xie, Chen
name: Zhang, Kun
name: Putzel, Louis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: PICO search terms, search strings and combinations.
Expansion algorithm for the density matrix
Creators: name: Niklasson, Anders M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A purification algorithm for expanding the single-particle density matrix in terms of the Hamiltonian operator is proposed. The scheme works with a predefined occupation and requires less than half the number of matrix-matrix multiplications compared to existing methods at low (<10%) and high (>90%) occupancy. The expansion can be used with a fixed chemical potential in which case it is an asymmetric generalization of and a substantial improvement over grand canonical McWeeny purification. It is shown that the computational complexity, measured as number of matrix multiplications, essentially is independent of system size even for metallic materials with a vanishing band gap.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Economic and Environmental Repercussions of Changing Bull Genetics
Creators: name: Keeton, Daniel
name: Popp, Michael
name: Smith, Aaron S.
name: Keeton, Daniel
name: Popp, Michael
name: Smith, Aaron S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This research models net return and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) implications of bull genetics on cow-calf operations using conditions reflective of Arkansas farms. Operation-specific details for a representative farm are described and impacts of bull selection on net returns for the entire operation as well as on a per cow basis are calculated. Further, the analysis highlights situations where bull selection could be both profitable and used to mitigate GHG emissions. Results suggest that profitability changes as a result of bull selection were larger than the associated change in GHG emissions. Modeled results indicated that genetic selections that increase birthing difficulty are economically detrimental and increase GHG emissions per pound of beef sold. Finally, changes in breed driven hide color price premiums are relatively consistent over time.
title: Endogenous choice of minority shareholdings: Effects on product market competition
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: de Haas, Samuel
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: Merger Con- trol
Minority Shareholdings
Economics
Wirtschaft
Unilateral Effects
Coordinated Effects
Collusion

description: Non-controlling minority shareholdings in rivals (NCMS) lower the sustainability of collusion under a wide variety of circumstances. Nevertheless, NCMS are sometimes deemed to facilitate collusion, in particular if the level of NCMS is exogenous. The present paper endogenizes _rms' choice of NCMS and answers the question: Would colluding firms find it rational to acquire NCMS in rivals? The study of the acquisition reveals that _rms have an incentive to acquire NCMS which are accompanied by a shift from collusive to competitive behaviour.
Crop Diversity on Traditional Great Plains Wheat Farms
Creators: name: Vitale, Pilja P.
name: Epplin, Francis M.
name: Giles, Kristopher L.
name: Elliot, Norman C.
name: Burgener, Paul A.
name: Keenan, Sean P.
name: Vitale, Pilja P.
name: Epplin, Francis M.
name: Giles, Kristopher L.
name: Elliot, Norman C.
name: Burgener, Paul A.
name: Keenan, Sean P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use

description: Historically, the vast majority of cropland in the western Great Plains was either seeded to continuous monoculture wheat or was in a wheat-fallow rotation. The objective of this paper is to determine the combined effects of crop diversity and tillage systems on wheat grain yield and net returns for farms in the traditional wheat region of the western Great Plains. Farm level data were obtained for four crop production seasons. Crop diversity was relatively more important to system economics than the type of tillage used. Net returns per acre were greater on farms that included a diversified cropping system.
CHANGES AT THE URBAN-RURAL INTERFACE: THE CONTRIBUTION OF OFF-FARM WORK BY FARMERS
Creators: name: Bollman, Ray D.
name: Bollman, Ray D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Farm Management

description: A common characteristic of rural change in most countries has been the net flow of human resources from the farm to the nonfarm sector. Off-farm work by farm family members has been identified as an important factor influencing this flow (Baumgartner; Hathaway, 1960 and 1967; Hathaway and Perkins, 1968a and 1968b; Kaldor and Edwards; Perkins, 1973; Perkins and Hathaway; and Szabo.) The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interrelationships between off- farm work and entry to and exit from farming. Data are drawn from a longitudinal micro data file on Canadian farmers from the 1966, 1971, and 1976 Censuses of Agriculture (table 1). The data are ideally suited to the study at the micro level of the impact of off-farm work on the movement of farmers to the nonfarm sector. The first important point to note is that the relatively small change in the number of farmers between census periods is comprised of a surprisingly large rate of gross entry and gross exit. From 1966 to 1971, the number of census farm operators in Canada declined by 64,397 (14.9 percent), which was due to a gross exit of 152,354 (35.4 percent of the 1966 number of operators) and a gross entry of 87 ,957 (which was 24.0 percent of the number of 1971 operators) (table 2). Similarly, the net change in the 1971 to 1976 period was a decline of 27 ,527 (7 .5 percent) which was due to a gross exit of 129,922 (35.5 percent of the 1971 operators) and a gross entry of 102,395 (30.3 percent of the 1966 operators). Thus, the number of gross entrants and gross exiters is so large that the determinants of both gross entry and gross exit must be understood in order to comprehend the changes at the urban-rural interface. The analysis of this paper is constrained to the impact of off-farm work.
An in-silico evaluation of different Saikosaponins for their potency against SARS-CoV-2 using NSP15 and fusion spike glycoprotein as targets
Creators: name: Saurabh K. Sinha
name: Anshul Shakya
name: Satyendra K. Prasad
name: Shashikant Singh
name: Nilambari S. Gurav
name: Rupali S. Prasad
name: Gurav, Shailendra S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The Public Health Emergency of International Concern declared the widespread outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 as a global pandemic emergency, which has resulted in 1,773,086 confirmed cases including 111,652 human deaths, as on 13 April 2020, as reported to World Health Organization. As of now, there are no vaccines or antiviral drugs declared to be officially useful against the infection. Saikosaponin is a group of oleanane derivatives reported in Chinese medicinal plants and are described for their anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antinephritis and hepatoprotective activities. They have also been known to have anti-coronaviral property by interfering the early stage of viral replication including absorption and penetration of the virus. Thus, the present study was undertaken to screen and evaluate the potency of different Saikosaponins against different sets of SARS-CoV-2 binding protein via computational molecular docking simulations. Docking was carried out on a Glide module of Schrodinger Maestro 2018-1 MM Share Version on NSP15 (PDB ID: 6W01) and Prefusion 2019-nCoV spike glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6VSB) from SARS-CoV-2. From the binding energy and interaction studies, the Saikosaponins U and V showed the best affinity towards both the proteins suggesting them to be future research molecule as they mark the desire interaction with NSP15, which is responsible for replication of RNA and also with 2019-nCoV spike glycoprotein which manage the connection with ACE2. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
MOESM2 of Targeting of CXCR3 improves anti-myeloma efficacy of adoptively transferred activated natural killer cells
Creators: name: Bonanni, Valentina
name: Antonangeli, Fabrizio
name: Santoni, Angela
name: Bernardini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. (PDF) In vivo anti-MM efficacy and in vitro functional status of activated NK cells. A) Activated (5 × 105) CFSE+ NK cells obtained from splenocytes of C57BL/KaLwRij or PBS (No Cell) were i.v. transferred into MM-bearing mice 3 weeks after 5TGM1 cell injection as in Fig. 1. Tumor growth was determined by FACS analysis of intracellular IgG2b + (tumor) cells among BM cells at 48 h after transfer. B, C) Purified NK cells were activated with IL-15, IL-12/15/18 or IL-15 (10 ng/ml: used as control) for 20 h and were incubated with or without 5TGM-1 cells (E:T ratio 1:1), and with anti-NKG2D or isotype control (i.c.) mAbs. B) NK cell degranulation was assessed by FACS analysis of % CD107a + cell. Left, representative dot plots showing the frequency of CD107a+ on NK cells. Right, average values ± SEM of CD107a+ cell frequency upon 5TGM-1 and anti-NKG2D mAb stimulation subtracted of degranulation in the absence of target cells or of i.c., respectively. Degranulation of control cells with tumor: 3%; degranulation of control cells with i.c. mAb: 5%). C) Upper panels: representative histogram plot showing NKG2D expression by activated NK cells (left) and average mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values ± SEM (right); lower panel: cytotoxic activity of activated NK cells was measured by FACS analysis upon 6 h co-incubation with CFSE+ 5TGM1 cells and staining of dead cells with 7-AAD. D) Production of IFN-γ was assessed by FACS. Left panel, representative dot plots showing the frequency of IFN-γ+ NK cells. Right panel, average values ± SEM of IFN-γ+ cell frequency upon anti-NKG2D and i.c. mAbs stimulation. IFN-γ-producing control NK cells: 3%. Student t test was performed to compare differences of IFN-γ+ cell frequency between cells incubated with i.c. or anti-NKG2D mAb. Results in B, C and D are representative of three independent experiments.
The Distribution of Atomic Hydrogen Around Two Irregular Galaxies
Creators: name: Hunter, Deidre A.
name: Wilcots, Eric M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio interferometric observations of two irregular galaxies that were candidates for having unusually extended HI emission. The galaxies, UGC 199 and DDO 26, otherwise appeared to be normal, low-luminosity systems with modest star-formation rates. To a detection limit of 2--3E19 /cm^2 at a resolution of about 50", however, the HI around neither galaxy is unusually extended compared to other irregulars. The HI around UGC 199 appears as a regular, symmetric distribution with regular rotation and a maximum rotation speed of about 80 km/s. By contrast, the HI around DDO 26 shows a concentration into two blobs with an arm in the outer parts to the northwest and some additional emission to the northwest of that. The kinematical major axis is approximately 75 deg from the HI and optical morphological axis which is unusual for Im galaxies. In addition the velocity field in the outer parts of the galaxy is messy and the velocity profiles at the two HI peaks are broad. We suggest that DDO 26 has been perturbed externally or may be two dwarfs in the process of merging.
description: To be published in AJ, May 2002
Gluon Bremsstrahlung in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Lushozi, Mawande
name: McLerran, Larry D.
name: Praszalowicz, Michał
name: Yu, Gongming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process $qq\rightarrow qqg$ at lowest order in QCD perturbation theory to understand gluon radiation in the fragmentation region of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We arrive at a formula for gluon multiplicity that interpolates between $\sim 1/k_{\bot}^2$ behavior at low $k_{\bot}$, to $\sim 1/k_{\bot}^4$ at large $k_{\bot}$.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures Clarifying paragraphs added to Introduction and Section II
MOESM1 of Long term surgical outcomes for infective endocarditis in people who inject drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Goodman-Meza, David
name: Weiss, Robert
name: Gamboa, Sebastián
name: Gallegos, Abel
name: Bui, Alex
name: Goetz, Matthew
name: Shoptaw, Steven
name: Landovitz, Raphael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Search strings for each database. Table S2. Newcastle-Ottawa scale for qualitative assessment of included studies (n = 27). Table S3. Microbiologic characteristics by study of patients undergoing surgery for infective endocarditis. Table S4. Valve related characteristics by study of patients undergoing surgery for infective endocarditis. Table S5. Survival at 1-month, 1-, 5-, and 10- years. Fig. S1. Survival by study of patients that underwent cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis stratified by PWID and non-PWID. Fig. S2. Funnel plot of studies comparing mortality in PWID vs. non-PWID after cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis. Fig. S3. Funnel plot of studies comparing reoperation in PWID vs. non-PWID after cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis.
title: Do pump prices really follow Edgeworth cycles? Evidence from the German retail fuel market
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: de Haas, Samuel
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: Price e�ects
Coordination
Edgeworth price cycles
Retail gasoline
Economics
Wirtschaft
Natural experiment

description: Most of the literature on retail fuel markets find high-frequency and asymmetric price cycles. This is typically explained by the model of Edgeworth price cycles. A key element of this model is that prices fall to marginal costs during a cycle. It seems challenging to address this assumption empirically. However, I use a natural experiment in the German fuel market to analyze the effects of an external cost shock. I find strong evidence that prices do not fall to marginal costs. This is not in line with Edgeworth cycles and thus, should be taken into account when analyzing fuel markets.
MOESM1 of Targeting of CXCR3 improves anti-myeloma efficacy of adoptively transferred activated natural killer cells
Creators: name: Bonanni, Valentina
name: Antonangeli, Fabrizio
name: Santoni, Angela
name: Bernardini, Giovanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental methods. (PDF)
Interacting Open Wilson Lines in Noncommutative Field Theories
Creators: name: Kiem, Y.
name: Lee, S.
name: Rey, S. -J.
name: Sato, H. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In noncommutative field theories, it was known that one-loop effective action describes propagation of non-interacting open Wilson lines, obeying the flying dipole's relation. We show that two-loop effective action describes cubic interaction among `closed string' states created by open Wilson lines. Taking d-dimensional noncommutative [Φ^3] theory as the simplest setup, we compute nonplanar contribution at low-energy and large noncommutativity limit. We find that the contribution is expressible in a remarkably simple cubic interaction involving scalar open Wilson lines only and nothing else. We show that the interaction is purely geometrical and noncommutative in nature, depending only on sizes of each open Wilson line.
description: v1: 27 pages, Latex, 7 .eps figures v2: minor wording change + reference added
Design and Realization of E-Marketing System for Fresh Agricultural Products
Creators: name: TAN, Chunmao
name: WANG, Haishan
name: SUN, Xiudong
name: ZHAO, Yannan
name: TAN, Chunmao
name: WANG, Haishan
name: SUN, Xiudong
name: ZHAO, Yannan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Fresh agricultural products
subject: E-marketing system
subject: B2B2C
subject: PHP
subject: Oracle
subject: MVC

description: This paper firstly introduced the PHP + Oracle database development technology. Based on B/S structure, using MVC (Model View Controller) framework development mode, and in line with actual demands of fresh agricultural products for e-marketing in Shanghai, it designed and expected to realize e-marketing system for fresh agricultural products in B2B2C mode. It made an in-depth analysis from system demands, design of functional modules, design of database, and relevant technologies for system realization.
Understanding the pathways to oesophageal and stomach cancer diagnosis: a multi-methods approach
Creators: name: Humphrys, Elka Suzanne
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cancer
Timely diagnosis
Oesophageal
Gastric
Health literacy
Primary Care
Symptom awareness
Qualitative
Quantitative
Multi-method
Systematic review

description: Increasing symptom awareness, encouraging help-seeking, and facilitating timely referral are key for improving cancer outcomes, particularly for cancers such as oesophageal and gastric (stomach), where five-year survival is less than 20%. In this research, I used multiple methods to explore factors that influence timely diagnosis of these cancers from a patient's perspective, with a particular focus on health literacy (accessing, understanding and using health information, and navigating healthcare systems). I started by exploring current knowledge in this field before conducting a systematic review investigating health literacy in the timely diagnosis of symptomatic cancer. Literature was searched from January 1990–May 2017 using six bibliographic databases. I screened 2304 titles/abstracts, assessed 26 full-text papers and included three, although they were methodologically weak, therefore limiting the conclusions. To examine pathways to diagnosis for oesophageal and gastric cancer, I conducted a questionnaire study of newly diagnosed patients across two hospitals in the East and North East of England. 127 participants were recruited (39.6% recruitment rate), aged 44–96 (median 71); 102 male (80%). Most had oesophageal cancer (n=102, 80%); 64 (50%) of the total cohort were late-stage at diagnosis. Common pre-diagnostic symptoms varied between cancers (oesophageal: difficulty swallowing (n=66, 65%), painful swallowing (n=55, 54%); gastric: fatigue/tiredness (n=20, 80%), weight loss (n=13, 52%)). The questionnaire included two domains (engagement, understanding) of the Health Literacy Questionnaire with participants demonstrating high health literacy (mean 4.18 and 4.28, score 1-5). The median time from noticing the trigger symptom (prompting help-seeking) to diagnosis was 81 days (IQR 45-137.5, n=107). Twenty-six participants were purposively sampled, from questionnaire respondents, for face-to-face interviews (aged 55-88, 18 male, 15 with oesophageal cancer). I undertook thematic analysis to explore participant accounts of their pathways to diagnosis, identifying that the symptom nature was important for appraisal, while health literacy ability influenced the health system interval. Descriptions of ‘heartburn’, ‘reflux’ and ‘indigestion’ differed between participants, suggesting these terms may introduce uncertainty in relation to symptom experience. This is the first study to explore the role of health literacy in the timely diagnosis of symptomatic cancer, and pathways to diagnosis for oesophageal and gastric cancers, from a patient’s perspective. Findings provide important insights for the development of targeted awareness campaigns and strategies enhancing GP symptom exploration.
description: Medical Research Council Raymond and Beverly Sackler Fund
Transition from non Fermi Liquid Behavior to Landau Fermi Liquid Behavior Induced by Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Pogorelov, Yu. G.
name: Shaginyan, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a strongly correlated Fermi system with the fermion condensate, which exhibits strong deviations from Landau Fermi liquid behavior, is driven into the Landau Fermi liquid by applying a small magnetic field $B$ at temperature T=0. This field-induced Landau Fermi liquid behavior provides the constancy of the Kadowaki-Woods ratio. A reentrance into the strongly correlated regime is observed if the magnetic field $B$ decreases to zero, then the effective mass $M^*$ diverges as $M^*\propto 1/\sqrt{B}$. At finite temperatures, the strongly correlated regime is restored at some temperature $T^*\propto\sqrt{B}$. This behavior is of general form and takes place in both three dimensional and two dimensional strongly correlated systems. We demonstrate that the observed $1/\sqrt{B}$ divergence of the effective mass and other specific features of heavy-fermion metals are accounted for by our consideration.
description: 8 pages, Revtex
Acoustic phonon exchange, attractive interactions, and the Wentzel-Bardeen singularity in single-wall nanotubes
Creators: name: De Martino, A.
name: Egger, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the effective low-energy theory for interacting electrons in metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes taking into account acoustic phonon exchange within a continuum elastic description. In many cases, the nanotube can be described as a standard Luttinger liquid with possibly attractive interactions. We predict surprisingly strong attractive interactions for thin nanotubes. Once the tube radius reaches a critical value $R_0 \approx 3.6\pm 1.4$ Å, the Wentzel-Bardeen singularity is approached, accompanied by strong superconducting fluctuations. The surprisingly large $R_0$ indicates that this singularity could be reached experimentally. We also discuss the conditions for a Peierls transition due to acoustic phonons.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, final version to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Hyperbolic Metamaterial Filter for Angle-independent TM-Transmission in Imaging Applications
Creators: name: Mirbagheri, Golsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With conventional narrowband filters, the center-wavelength of the narrow transmission band undergoes large shifts as the angle of incident light changes. In this project, we designed and experimentally verified a type of hyperbolic metamaterial Bragg stack that eliminates, or vastly reduces, this angle-of-incidence dependence (i.e., dispersion) of the transmission band for TM polarized beam. The filter developed in this project is composed of array of subwavelength sized metal wires vertically penetrating in the dielectric layers of the Bragg stack. We first discuss the physical reasons why such a structure is expected to minimize dispersion, then we performed detailed electromagnetic modeling, fabrication of proof-of-concept structures, and optical testing of the structures. The filter is fabricated by CMOS fabrication techniques and optical characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Both simulated and experimental data show that narrow band transmission filters can be designed such that the center-wavelength of the transmission peak for TM polarized incident light does not change as the angle of incidence of an incoming beam changes. These types of narrowband notch filters have been used in many sensing and imaging applications, including remote sensing and hyperspectral imaging.
Functions of Relationship Capital in Rural Public Sports Service
Creators: name: ZHU, Wanjing
name: ZHU, Wanjing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Relationship capital
subject: Rural public sports service
subject: Rural elite
subject: Operation mode

description: The field survey of two natural villages found that the relationship capital plays an important role in rural public sports service benefiting from the rural elite operation mode. However, negative effect brought by the relationship capital should not be neglected, including distorting the social equity, increasing social transaction cost, and weakening the public trust in government. It is a top priority to effectively evade its negative effect and bring into full play huge potential of the relationship capital.
Novel 2019 coronavirus structure, mechanism of action, antiviral drug promises and rule out against its treatment
Creators: name: Boopathi, Subramanian
name: Poma, Adolfo B.
name: Ponmalai Kolandaivel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: In the past two decades, the world has faced several infectious disease outbreaks. Ebola, Influenza A (H1N1), SARS, MERS, and Zika virus have had a massive global impact in terms of economic disruption, the strain on local and global public health. Most recently, the global outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 is a newly discovered virus from the coronavirus family in Wuhan city, China, known to be a great threat to the public health systems. As of 15 April 2020, The Johns Hopkins University estimated that the COVID-19 affected more than two million people, resulting in a death toll above 130,000 around the world. Infected people in Europe and America correspond about 40% and 30% of the total reported cases respectively. At this moment only few Asian countries have controlled the disease, but a second wave of new infections is expected. Predicting inhibitor and target to the COVID-19 is an urgent need to protect human from the disease. Therefore, a protocol to identify anti-COVID-19 candidate based on computer-aided drug design is urgently needed. Thousands of compounds including approved drugs and drugs in the clinical trial are available in the literature. In practice, experimental techniques can measure the time and space average properties but they cannot be captured the structural variation of the COVID-19 during the interaction of inhibitor. Computer simulation is particularly suitable to complement experiments to elucidate conformational changes at the molecular level which are related to inhibition process of the COVID-19. Therefore, computational simulation is essential tool to elucidate the phenomenon. The structure-based virtual screening computational approach will be used to filter the best drugs from the literature, the investigate the structural variation of COVID-19 with the interaction of the best inhibitor is a fundamental step to design new drugs and vaccines which can combat the coronavirus. This mini-review will address novel coronavirus structure, mechanism of action, and trial test of antiviral drugs in the lab and patients with COVID-19.
Nonlocal interactions and quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Gainutdinov, Renat Kh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem is considered of describing the dynamics of quantum systems generated by a nonlocal in time interaction. It is shown that the use of the Feynman approach to quantum theory in combination with the canonical approach allows one to extend quantum dynamics to describe the time evolution in the case of such interactions. In this way, using only the current concepts of quantum theory, a generalized equation of motion for state vectors is derived. In the case, where the fundamental interaction generating the dynamics in a system is local in time, this equation is equivalent to the Schr{ö}dinger equation. Explicit examples are given for an exactly solvable model. The proposed formalism is shown to provide a new insight into the problem of the description of nonlocal interactions in quantum field theory. It is shown that such a property of the equation of motion as nonlocality in time may be important for describing hadron-hadron interactions at low and intermediate energies.
description: 30 pages
Convergence of Gradient Methods on Bilinear Zero-Sum Games
Creators: name: Zhang, Guojun
name: Yu, Yaoliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Min-max formulations have attracted great attention in the ML community due to the rise of deep generative models and adversarial methods, while understanding the dynamics of gradient algorithms for solving such formulations has remained a grand challenge. As a first step, we restrict to bilinear zero-sum games and give a systematic analysis of popular gradient updates, for both simultaneous and alternating versions. We provide exact conditions for their convergence and find the optimal parameter setup and convergence rates. In particular, our results offer formal evidence that alternating updates converge "better" than simultaneous ones.
Strengthening Branding Construction and Improving the Competitiveness of Tropical Distinctive Agricultural Products in Hainan
Creators: name: QIU, Meihuan
name: ZHANG, Xiaodong
name: LIN, Minxia
name: ZHANG, Hongyi
name: WANG, Zhunian
name: QIU, Meihuan
name: ZHANG, Xiaodong
name: LIN, Minxia
name: ZHANG, Hongyi
name: WANG, Zhunian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Hainan
subject: Tropical distinctive agricultural product
subject: Brand
subject: Construction

description: Brand construction plays an increasingly important role in marketing and competition in modern agricultural industry. There are problems in brand construction of tropical distinctive agricultural products in Hainan, including less famous brand products, weak core competence, strengthening declaration and ignoring management as well as imperfect marketing system, therefore resource integration should be stressed to develop famous brand products and technological innovation should be strengthened to promote core competence of enterprise.
GNSS-SDR website
Creators: name: Fernández-Prades, Carles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Global Navigation Satellite System
GNSS
software radio
SDR
GPS
Galileo
C++

description: Content from which the GNSS-SDR webpage at https://gnss-sdr.org is generated.
description: If you use this software, please cite it using the metadata from this file.
The secondary minimum in YY Her: Evidence for a tidally distorted giant
Creators: name: Mikolajewska, J.
name: Kolotilov, E. A.
name: Shugarov, S. Yu.
name: Yudin, B. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and analyze quiescent UBVRI light curves of the classical symbiotic binary YY Her. We show that the secondary minimum, which is clearly visible only in the quiescent VRI light curves, is due to ellipsoidal variability of the red giant component. Our simple light curve analysis, by fitting of the Fourier cosine series, resulted in a self-consistent phenomenological model of YY Her, in which the periodic changes can be described by a combination of the ellipsoidal changes and a sinusoidal changes of the nebular continuum and line emission.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Heat kernel Coefficients and Divergencies of the Casimir Energy for the Dispersive Sphere
Creators: name: Bordag, M.
name: Kirsten, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first heat kernel coefficients are calculated for a dispersive ball whose permittivity at high frequency differs from unity by inverse powers of the frequency. The corresponding divergent part of the vacuum energy of the electromagnetic field is given and ultraviolet divergencies are seen to be present. Also in a model where the number of atoms is fixed the pressure exhibits infinities. As a consequence, the ground-state energy for a dispersive dielectric ball cannot be interpreted easily.
description: 8 pages, Contribution to the 5th Workshop on Quantum Field Theory under the Influence of External Conditions, Leipzig, Germany, 10-14 Sep 2001
title: Robust Monetary Policy Under Uncertainty About the Lower Bound
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: robust control
discretion
optimal monetary policy
Economics
Wirtschaft
liquidity trap
uncer- tainty

description: Central banks face uncertainty about the true location of the effective
lower bound (ELB) on nominal interest rates. We model optimal discretionary
monetary policy during a liquidity trap when the central bank designs policy
that is robust with respect to the location of the ELB. If the central bank
fears the worst-case location of the ELB, monetary conditions will be more
expansionary before the liquidity trap occurs.
Achievements and Problems of Reform of Investment Management System for Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
Creators: name: PAN, Chengrong
name: PAN, Chengrong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone
subject: Investment management system
subject: Achievements
subject: Problems
subject: Recommendations

description: The establishment of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone provides many possibilities for China’s economic construction. This paper made a comparative analysis on investment management system of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone and traditional investment management system, discussed achievements and problems of reform of investment management system of Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone, and finally came up with pertinent policy recommendations.
AHP Analysis of the Factors Influencing Credit for Temporarily Poor Farmers: Based on the Survey of Rongchang County of Chongqing Municipality
Creators: name: ZHOU, Ji
name: ZHOU, Binrui
name: ZHOU, Ji
name: ZHOU, Binrui
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Temporarily poor farmers
subject: Credit constraints
subject: Influencing factors

description: From the perspective of the influence on credit for farmers, this paper takes the temporarily poor farmers in Rongchang County of Chongqing Municipality as the respondents, and employs the expert survey method and on-site analysis to analyze the reasons and put forward three hypotheses. Using the AHP model, we carry out the empirical analysis of three major hypotheses concerning the credit for farmers. The study demonstrates that the state's unclear definition of property rights of farmers and farmers' lack of collateral are the primary factor influencing the credit for farmers, followed by insufficient targeted financial and technical support for the farmers who are engaged in the agricultural sector affected by the nature; farmers do not really get the assistance for them to use the natural resources to develop the rural economy, so that the banks complicate the loan procedures and increase the requirements of loans for farmers in order to ensure the capital liquidity and safety, thus further deepening the plight of credit for farmers.