cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Food Portion Patterns and Trends among U.S. Children and the Relationship to Total Eating Occasion Size, 1977–2006
Creators: name: Piernas, Carmen
name: Popkin, Barry M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Food and beverage portion sizes are related to childhood obesity. We examined trends in food portion sizes and the association with total meal sizes among U.S. children. We selected children 2- to 18-y-old (n = 31,337) from 4 nationally representative surveys of food intake between 1977–1978 and 2003–2006. We assessed portion sizes (kcal and g) of selected key foods (soft/fruit drinks, salty snacks, desserts, French fries, burgers, pizzas, Mexican fast foods, and hot dogs), the total energy from eating occasions that included key foods, and portion sizes of the selected key foods by source (stores, restaurants, and fast-food locations). These foods represented over one-third of children’s energy intake in 2003–2006. Portion sizes increased significantly over the 30-y period and increases in pizza were particularly pronounced in the last decade [+176 kcal (736 kJ). Energy from eating occasions including pizzas and soft drinks increased, as did the proportion of energy from these foods in an eating occasion. Hamburgers and cheeseburgers increased in portion size and eating occasion size, but the proportion of these foods in the total eating occasions did not increase. Portion sizes of other key foods increased, although the total energy from eating events that included them remained constant (e.g. Mexican fast-foods, French fries, fruit drinks) or decreased (e.g. salty snacks, desserts). Portion sizes increased across all food sources (stores, restaurants, and fast foods) for soft drinks and pizzas but only at fast-food locations for French fries. Portion sizes continue to grow for selected foods. Fast-food chains appear to be linked with less healthful portion size increases for selected foods.
(592) Margaret McDonald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CILIÉS MËSOPSAMMIÇUES D'AFRIQUE NOIRE
Creators: name: DRAGESCO, Jean
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1965

description: The marine sands of the beaches of Mauritania (Port-Etienne), Ivory Coast (Abidjan) and Cameroon (Donala), as well as the fresh-water sands of some rivers of Cameroon and Gaboon, have been the object of a faunistic study, With respect to the Infusorian fauna.
Eighty-six species have been identified and thirty-four of them have been described and figured. Twenty-one species are new, namely:
Holophrya africana, Prorodon lemani, Prorodon binucleatus, Lacrymaria maurea, Enchelyodon camerounensis, Track elor aphis africanus, Tr achei or aphis monocaryon, Tracheloraphis Stefani, Coleps arenicolus, Hemiophrys lanceolatus, Loxophyllum acutum, Loxophyllum raikovi, Loxophyllum vitraeum, Loxophyllum compressum, Remanella unicorpusculata, Ciliofaurea brunea, Chlamydodon minutus, Cryptopharynx mauritanicus, Cardiostomatella minuta, Lembadion gabonensis, Peritromus arenicolus.
Suppression of chemotactic explosion by mixing
Creators: name: Kiselev, Alexander
name: Xu, Xiaoqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35Q92, 35Q35

description: Chemotaxis plays a crucial role in a variety of processes in biology and ecology. In many instances, processes involving chemical attraction take place in fluids. One of the most studied PDE models of chemotaxis is given by Keller-Segel equation, which describes a population density of bacteria or mold which attract chemically to substance they secrete. Solution of Keller-Segel equation can exhibit dramatic collapsing behavior, where the density concentrates positive mass in a measure zero region. A natural question is whether presence of fluid flow can affect singularity formation by mixing the density thus making concentration harder to achieve. In this paper, we consider parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel equation in two and three dimensions with additional advection term modeling ambient fluid flow. We prove that for any initial data, there exist incompressible fluid flows such that the solution to the equation stays globally regular. On the other hand, it is well known that when the fluid flow is absent, there exist initial data leading to finite time blow up. Thus presence of fluid can prevent the singularity formation. We discuss two classes of flows that have the explosion arresting property. Both classes are known as very efficient mixers. The first class are relaxation enhancing (RE) flow. These flows are stationary. The second class of flows are Yao-Zlatos optimal mixing flows, which are time dependent. The proof is based on the nonlinear version of the relaxation enhancement construction of the paper by Peter Constantin, Alexander Kiselev, Lenya Ryzhik, Andrej Zlatos, and on some variations of global regularity estimate for Keller-Segel model.
description: 32 pages
Higher Branched-Chain Amino Acid Intake Is Associated with a Lower Prevalence of Being Overweight or Obese in Middle-Aged East Asian and Western Adults
Creators: name: Bujnowski, Deborah
name: Xun, Pengcheng
name: Stamler, Jeremiah
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Van Horn, Linda
name: Qin, Li‐Qiang
name: He, Ka
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Beneficial effects on body weight of supplementation with BCAA, including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, have been observed in animal and human studies. However, population-based studies on dietary BCAA intake and body weight are lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary BCAA intake and risk of overweight status/obesity among multi-ethnic populations. The International Study of Macro-/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure is a cross-sectional epidemiological investigation in China, Japan, the UK, and the US. The study cohort included 4429 men and women ages 40–59 y who were free of diabetes. Diet was assessed by 4 multi-pass 24-h recalls; data on nutrients including BCAA were derived from country-specific food tables. Overweight status and obesity were defined as BMI ≥ 25 and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted OR of overweight status/obesity and 95% CI by quartiles of BCAA intake were estimated by logistic regression. Mean BCAA intake was 2.6 ± 0.6% energy; intake was significantly lower among Chinese participants and similar among participants from the other 3 countries. Compared with those in the first quartile, the multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI) of overweight status from the 2nd to 4th quartiles of BCAA intake were 0.97 (0.80–1.17), 0.91 (0.75–1.11), and 0.70 (0.57–0.86), respectively (P-trend < 0.01). BCAA intake and obesity were also inversely associated (P-trend = 0.03). In conclusion, higher dietary BCAA intake is associated with lower prevalence of overweight status/obesity among apparently healthy middle-aged adults from East Asian and Western countries.
(593) Thomas McFarlane
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Investigating Nitrate Pollution Sources and NaturalBackground in Groundwater of the Densu Basin: A Model-based Approach
Creators: name:  Afrifa ,  George Yamoah
name:  Chegbeleh ,  Larry-pax
name:  Sakyi ,  Patrick Asamoah
name:  Yidana ,  Mark Sandow
name:  Loh ,  Yvonne Sena Akosua
name:  Ansah-Narh ,  Theophilus
name: Manu ,  Evans
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Nitrate is one of the dominant chemical pollutants of groundwater, and there is a need to mitigate groundwater pollution in rural, urban and industrial terrains in an aquifer system. The study assesses the extent of nitrate pollution in the Densu Basin because of its predominance in agriculture and urbanized vicinities by employing robust techniques for estimating both the natural background and human-induced concentrations. The statistical methods used to estimate these concentrations are the pre-selection method, graphical approach (probability plot),non-parametric approach (kernel density estimation), and parametric approach (Gaussian mixture model). The study shows that the Gaussian mixture model is robust enough in determining the spectral distribution and clustering of the nitrate concentration in the basin. It estimated the natural background and human-induced concentration at1.7±1.3 and 9.8±5.6, respectively. The results show that the natural background concentration in the basin is more dominant and hence, conducive for drinking. Also, we show that26%of anthropogenic sources have leaked into the natural groundwater of the Basin. The data suggest that the nitrate concentration in the Densu aquifer system is sourced from agricultural input, domestic effluent and atmospheric deposition. High nitrate loading was observed in areas of active agricultural activities (Suhum, AkwapemNorth, Ayensuano and Upper West Akim). These areas should be protected from further anthropogenic exposure
Rational model of the configuration space of two points in a simply connected closed manifold
Creators: name: Bulens, Hector Cordova
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P62

description: Let $M$ be a simply connected closed manifold of dimension $n$. We study the rational homotopy type of the configuration space of 2 points in $M$, $F(M,2)$. When $M$ is even dimensional, we prove that the rational homotopy type of $F(M,2)$ depends only on the rational homotopy type of $M$. When the dimension of $M$ is odd, for every $x\in H^{n-2} (M, \mathbb{Q})$, we construct a commutative differential graded algebra $C(x)$. We prove that for some $x \in H^{n-2} (M; \mathbb{Q})$, $C(x)$ encodes completely the rational homotopy type of $F(M,2)$. For some class of manifolds, we show that we can take $x=0$.
description: 15 pages
Additional file 3 of Structural inequalities emerging from a large wire transfers network
Creators: name: Semeraro, Alfonso
name: Tambuscio, Marcella
name: Ronchiadin, Silvia
name: Puma, Laura Li
name: Ruffo, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3 Additional materials c: assortativity. This appendix contains further investigations about the results presented in “A network with mixed assortative/disassortative behaviour” section, such as a knnk variant computed as the median of the degrees of the neighbors of each node of degree k, and a density heatmap as the one in Fig. 10 but compared with a null model, and a density heatmap based on the total amounts shared depending on the degree of receivers and senders.
HISTOLOGIE, HISTOCHIMIE, CYTOLOGIE DE QUELQUES FORMATIONS GLANDULAIRES DU TÉGUMENT D'ONCIDIELLA CELTICA (CUV.) (GASTÉROPODE PULMONÉ)
Creators: name: BINOT, Daniele
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1965

description: This work devoted to the study of the tegumentary glands of Oncidiella celtica (Cuv.) brings forth the following details:
— The repugnatorial glands have five cellular categories the secretion of which is settled histochemically.
— The pedal gland presents various places where the histochemical study shows two types of mucocytes the localization of which is connected with the existence of these parts.
— The pedal sole shows two categories of mucocytes the histochemical characters of which allow a comparison with the mucous vesicles of the pedal gland. The reproduction of the pedal sole allows the recovering of the progressive stages of the secretory cycle of the mucocytes.
Additional file 1 of Short- and long-term outcomes after colonic self-expandable metal stent placement for malignant large-bowel obstruction as a bridge to surgery focus on the feasibility of the laparoscopic approach: a retrospective, single center study
Creators: name: Tajima, Jesse Yu
name: Matsuhashi, Nobuhisa
name: Takahashi, Takao
name: Mizutani, Chika
name: Iwata, Yoshinori
name: Kiyama, Shigeru
name: Kubota, Masaya
name: Ibuka, Takashi
name: Araki, Hiroshi
name: Shimizu, Masahito
name: Doi, Kiyoshi
name: Yoshida, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Details of each postoperative complication cases with more than Clavien-Dindo grade IIIa.
title: The influence of angiotensin II on airway function in asthma
Creators: name: Millar, Evelyn A.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1996

description: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an endocrine system principally involved in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis and electrolyte balance, its actions being mediated by the octapeptide hormone angiotensin II (ANG II). In a preliminary observation we found marked activation of the RAS in acute severe asthma. The stimulus to this activation, and the possible consequences of elevated ANG II on lung function in man were unknown, although ANG II had recently been shown to potentiate bronchoconstriction of rabbit airway smooth muscle in vitro. The purpose of our investigation was to examine possible stimuli to ANG II release in acute asthma and also the direct and indirect effects of this hormone on airway function in vivo in man. Initial studies confirmed that single and multiple high doses of nebulised and also intravenous beta2 agonists used in the treatment of asthma eg salbutamol, elevate ANG II levels in the plasma, but the levels achieved were less than those observed in acute severe asthma. Further studies revealed that hypoxia did not cause activation of the RAS in normal volunteers, nor did it potentiate the effect of nebulised beta2 agonists. We also demonstrated that the elevation of ANG II levels by nebulised beta2 agonists can be prevented by pretreatment with ACE inhibitor drugs (lisinopril), suggesting that this action of beta2 agonists on the RAS is mediated via the classical components of the RAS, including ACE, rather than involving alternative pathways of ANG II generation. When administered by intravenous infusion to produce similar plasma levels to those observed in acute asthma, ANG II caused bronchoconstriction in mild asthmatic patients, and in lower (subthreshold) doses potentiated the effect of inhaled methacholine both in vitro in isolated human bronchi and also in vivo, in mild asthmatic patients. We therefore conclude from this series of experiments that the RAS is activated in acute severe asthma and that high dose beta2 agonists are likely to be partly responsible for this activation. The role of other possible stimuli, perhaps inflammatory mediators such as proteinase enzymes released from mast cells, remains to be established. Our findings also suggest a role for ANG II as a mediator in asthma, and further studies to examine the effects of ANG II receptor antagonists in different forms of experimental asthma are now indicated.
Controlled complete suppression of single-atom inelastic spin and orbital cotunnelling
Creators: name: Bryant, B.
name: Toskovic, R.
name: Ferrón, A.
name: Lado, J. L.
name: Spinelli, A.
name: Fernández-Rossier, J.
name: Otte, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inelastic portion of the tunnel current through an individual magnetic atom grants unique access to read out and change the atom's spin state, but it also provides a path for spontaneous relaxation and decoherence. Controlled closure of the inelastic channel would allow for the latter to be switched off at will, paving the way to coherent spin manipulation in single atoms. Here we demonstrate complete closure of the inelastic channels for both spin and orbital transitions due to a controlled geometric modification of the atom's environment, using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). The observed suppression of the excitation signal, which occurs for Co atoms assembled into chain on a Cu$_2$N substrate, indicates a structural transition affecting the d$_z$$^2$ orbital, effectively cutting off the STM tip from the spin-flip cotunnelling path.
description: 4 figures plus 4 supplementary figures
Less Traditional Diets in Chinese Mothers and Children Are Similarly Linked to Socioeconomic and Cohort Factors but Vary with Increasing Child Age
Creators: name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Dearth-Wesley, Tracy
name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Adair, Linda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Global shifts toward an increasingly Western diet and rises in nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases necessitate systematic examination of dietary change in adults and children. This study longitudinally examined mother and child dietary intakes and their relationship with socioeconomic factors across 4 mutually exclusive cohorts followed over 6- to 7-y time periods (cohort A: 1991–1997, cohort B: 1993–2000, cohort C: 1997–2004, cohort D: 2000–2006). The cohorts included 966 mother-child pairs (children 3–5 y at baseline) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-h recall and household food consumption data; dietary variables were the percentage of total energy from animal-source foods (ASF), fats/oils, and grains. Mother-child comparison of dietary variables used average annual change measures, Spearman partial correlations, random effects models, and seemingly unrelated regression models and estimation. Whereas children were earlier adopters and maintainers of a less traditional Chinese diet, mothers experienced greater shifts away from the traditional Chinese diet with increasing child age. Mother-child correlations for the dietary variables ranged from 0.46 to 0.89 (P < 0.001). Similar increased intake of ASF and decreased intake of grains were reported for mothers and children of urban (vs. rural) residence and with higher levels of maternal education (P < 0.001). A comparable cohort effect was shown, with mothers and children consuming a less traditional Chinese diet in the later (C and D) compared to earlier (A and B) cohorts (P < 0.05). Our findings provide insight into dietary changes in mothers and children within the context of a rapidly changing nutrition and socioeconomic environment.
DESCRIPTION OF 2 NEW SPECIES OF AMPELISCA FROM THE FRENCH ATLANTIC COASTS (CRUSTACEA, AMPHIPODA) - AMPELISCA-TOULEMONTI N-SP AND AMPELISCA-SPOONERI N-SP
Creators: name: Dauvin, J. C.
name: Bellansantini, D.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1982

Abstract
Nutritional Genomics: Defining the Dietary Requirement and Effects of Choline
Creators: name: Zeisel, Steven H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: As it becomes evident that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in humans can create metabolic inefficiencies, it is reasonable to ask if such SNPs influence dietary requirements. Epidemiologic studies that examine SNPs relative to risks for diseases are common, but there are few examples of clinically sized nutrition studies that examine how SNPs influence metabolism. Studies on how SNPs influence the dietary requirement for choline provide a model for how we might begin examining the effects of SNPs on nutritional phenotypes using clinically sized studies (clinical nutrigenomics). Most men and postmenopausal women develop liver or muscle dysfunction when deprived of dietary choline. More than one-half of premenopausal women may be resistant to choline deficiency-induced organ dysfunction, because estrogen induces the gene [phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PEMT)] that catalyzes endogenous synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, which can subsequently yield choline. Those premenopausal women that do require a dietary source of choline have a SNP in PEMT, making them unresponsive to estrogen induction of PEMT. It is important to recognize differences in dietary requirements for choline in women, because during pregnancy, maternal dietary choline modulates fetal brain development in rodent models. Because choline metabolism and folate metabolism intersect at the methylation of homocysteine, manipulations that limit folate availability also increase the use of choline as a methyl donor. People with a SNPs in MTHFD1 (a gene of folate metabolism that controls the use of folate as a methyl donor) are more likely to develop organ dysfunction when deprived of choline; their dietary requirement is increased because of increased need for choline as a methyl donor.
(589) Jessy Elizabeth Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of Developing a model of best practice for teams managing crisis in people with dementia: a consensus approach
Creators: name: Yates, Jennifer
name: Stanyon, Miriam
name: Challis, David
name: Coleston-Shields, Donna Maria
name: Dening, Tom
name: Hoe, Juanita
name: Kaanthan Jawahar
name: Brynmor Lloyd-Evans
name: Moniz-Cook, Esme
name: Poland, Fiona
name: Streater, Amy
name: Trigg, Emma
name: Orrell, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
(590) Helen Ann Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks
Creators: name: Benbrook, Charles M.
name: Davis, Donald R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. US-PDP: Chemical Names, Classifications and EPA Toxicity Thresholds (cRfDs, ADIs).
title: Imaging the warm lithospheric mantle in the Mediterranean-Alpine region: integrated thermochemical inversion of surface wave dispersion, heat flow and elevation data.
Creators: name:  Clemente ,  Carlos
name:  Fullea ,  Javier
name:  El-Sharkawy ,  Amr
name:  Meier ,  Thomas
name:  Lebedev ,  Sergei
name:  Hansteen ,  Thor
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Here we investigate the thermal structure of the lithosphere in the Alpine-Mediterranean region. We focus on areas characterized by negative velocity anomalies according to a lithosphere-upper mantle surface-wave tomography study (El-Sharkawy et al., 2020) to analyze possible lithospheric thinning and melting. Surface-wave, phase-velocity curves were determined by interstation cross-correlation measurements and inverted for a set of phase-velocity maps, spanning a broad period range. We invert fundamental mode Rayleigh and Love dispersion curves together with surface elevation and heat flow for the 1D thermochemical lithospheric structure in 13 columns. The inversion is framed within an integrated geophysical-petrological setting where mantle seismic velocities and densities are computed thermodynamically as a function of the in situ temperature and compositional conditions (Fullea et al., 2021). We analyze the presence of small amounts of melt in the vicinity of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. We conduct sensitivity tests to asses the uncertainties associated with alternative experimental results accounting for the effect of melt and water on seismic velocities. Our results show that the lithosphere is thin (60-90 km) over the whole negative velocity anomaly area in the Alpine-Mediterranean region. We find the thinnest lithosphere in the Pannonian and Tyrrhenian basins (60-70 km), while the thickest lithosphere is located in the Iberia and Central Europe (80-90 km). Our thermal models show the presence of melting near the LAB (1300 ºC isotherm) in some of the columns (e.g. Pannonian and Tyrrhenian basins) associated with a pronounced drop in Vs velocities.
Production of two Z-bosons in gluon fusion in the heavy top quark approximation
Creators: name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Dowling, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute QCD radiative corrections to the continuum production of a pair of Z-bosons in the annihilation of two gluons. We only consider the contribution of the top quark loops and we treat them assuming that $m_t$ is much larger than any other kinematic invariant in the problem. We estimate the QCD corrections to $pp \to ZZ$ using the first non-trivial term in the expansion in the inverse top quark mass and we compare them to QCD corrections of the signal process, $pp \to H \to ZZ$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
(586) Catherine Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CALLOPORA RYLANDI n.sp. (BRYOZOAIRES CHILOSTOMES, ALDERINIDAE)
Creators: name: BOBIN, Geneviève
name: PRENANT, Marcel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1965

description: The authors describe, from Roscoff, Callopora rylandi, n.sp., they precedently attribued to Callopora cratícula (Alder).
This species presents, in the structure of its frontal shield, of cribrimorphus aspect, a noticeable convergence with Membraniporella nitida (Johnston), type of the genus: Membraniporella.; but it undoubtly differs from it, particularly at least through the generic character that shows the shutting of the ovicell. One could find there an argument to revise the systematic position of the genus Membraniporella.
Additional file 2 of The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks
Creators: name: Benbrook, Charles M.
name: Davis, Donald R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. UK-FSA: Chemical Names, Classifications and EPA Toxicity Thresholds (cRfDs, ADIs).
Responsive Feeding and Child Undernutrition in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Creators: name: Creed‐Kanashiro, Hilary M.
name: Wasser, Heather M.
name: Bentley, Margaret E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Growth faltering and nutritional deficiencies continue to be highly prevalent in infants and young children (IYC) living in low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries. There is increasing recognition that feeding behaviors and styles, particularly responsive feeding (RF), could influence acceptance of food and dietary intake and thus the growth of IYC. This paper presents the evolution of RF research and the strength of the evidence for RF on child undernutrition in LAMI countries. Multiple approaches were used to identify studies, including keyword searches in many databases, hand searches of retrieved articles, and consultation with experts in the field. Articles were included if they contained a RF exposure and child undernutrition outcome. In total, we identified 21 studies: 15 on child growth, 4 on dietary intake, 3 on disease, and 8 on eating behaviors. Most studies were conducted among children <36 mo of age and were published in the last 10 y. Cross-study comparisons were difficult due to multiple definitions of RF. One-half of the studies were observational with cross-sectional designs and few interventions were designed to isolate the effect of RF on child undernutrition. Overall, few studies have demonstrated a positive association between RF and child undernutrition, although there is promising evidence that positive caregiver verbalizations during feeding increase child acceptance of food. Recommendations for future research include consensus on the definition and measurement of RF, longitudinal studies that begin early in infancy, and randomized controlled trials that isolate the effect of RF on child undernutrition.
Fish or Long-Chain (n-3) PUFA Intake Is Not Associated with Pancreatic Cancer Risk in a Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Creators: name: Xun, Pengcheng
name: He, Ka
name: Qin, Bo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Long-chain (n-3) PUFA (LC-PUFA) have been hypothesized to be beneficial in preventing pancreatic carcinogenesis, but the associations of fish or LC-PUFA intake with pancreatic cancer found in epidemiologic studies have been controversial and inconclusive. To estimate the overall association of LC-PUFA or fish intake with pancreatic cancer, we performed a systematic literature search of English-language articles using PubMed and EMBASE through February 2012 and reviewed the reference lists from retrieved articles. Prospective cohort or case-control studies that reported ratio estimates and corresponding 95% CI for the associations of fish or LC-PUFA intake and pancreatic cancer were selected. Independent data extraction was performed by 2 of the authors. The pooled associations were obtained by using a random-effects model. A database was derived from 9 independent cohorts that included 1,209,265 participants (3082 events) with a mean follow-up of 9 y and 10 independent case-control studies that included 2514 cases and 18,779 controls. Compared with those having the lowest fish consumption, the pooled RR of pancreatic cancer was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.12) for those who had the highest fish intake from 8 cohort studies and was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.21) from 9 case-control studies. We found similar results for LC-PUFA intake by combining data from 4 cohorts or 2 case-control studies. Our results do not support an overall inverse association of fish or LC-PUFA intake with risk of pancreatic cancer. Further studies that consider different species and preparation methods of fish, and additional adjustment for contaminants in fish, are warranted.
Additional file 10 of The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks
Creators: name: Benbrook, Charles M.
name: Davis, Donald R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 10. Individual-Sample DRI Values in Apples, US-PDP, 2009 (Conventional, Domestic Samples).
SVILUPPO EMBRIONALE DELLA FORMA PARTENOGENETICA DI PENILIA AVIROSTRIS DANA
Creators: name: DELLA CROCE, Norberto
name: BETTANIN, Silvana
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1965

description: The development of the parthenogenetic embryos of the marine cladoceran Penilia avirostris Dana has been studied for specimens collected in the Gulf of Naples in 1962. Twelve stages have been described. Stages I, IV, and XI were considered basic steps of the embryonal development: at stage I the eggs carried out the segmentation process; after stage IV the embryos started the division of the thoracic region, and at stage XI all the morphogenetic differentiations were complited. The growth of the embryos has been discussed according to the mean size of each stage.
Additional file 3 of The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks
Creators: name: Benbrook, Charles M.
name: Davis, Donald R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Pesticide Nomenclature Issues; Integrating US-PDP and UK-FSA Data Sets; Serving Sizes; Naming System for Standard DRI Output Reports.
Greater Fructose Consumption Is Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers and Visceral Adiposity in Adolescents
Creators: name: Pollock, Norman K.
name: Dong, Yanbin
name: Davis, Catherine L.
name: Bernard, Paul J.
name: Gutin, Bernard
name: Kanto, William
name: Zhu, Haidong
name: Bundy, Vanessa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Though adolescents consume more fructose than any other age group, the relationship between fructose consumption and markers of cardiometabolic risk has not been established in this population. We determined associations of total fructose intake (free fructose plus one-half the intake of free sucrose) with cardiometabolic risk factors and type of adiposity in 559 adolescents aged 14–18 y. Fasting blood samples were measured for glucose, insulin, lipids, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein. Diet was assessed with 4–7 24-h recalls and physical activity (PA) was determined by accelerometry. Fat-free soft tissue (FFST) mass and fat mass were measured by DXA. The s.c. abdominal adipose tissue (SAAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were assessed using MRI. Multiple linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, race, Tanner stage, FFST mass, fat mass, PA, energy intake, fiber intake, and socioeconomic status, revealed that fructose intake was associated with VAT (β = 0.13; P = 0.03) but not SAAT (P = 0.15). Significant linear upward trends across tertiles of fructose intake were observed for systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and C-reactive protein after adjusting for the same covariates (all P-trend < 0.04). Conversely, significant linear downward trends across tertiles of fructose intake were observed for plasma HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin (both P-trend < 0.03). When SAAT was added as a covariate, these trends persisted (all P-trend < 0.05). However, when VAT was included as a covariate, it attenuated these trends (all P-trend > 0.05). In adolescents, higher fructose consumption is associated with multiple markers of cardiometabolic risk, but it appears that these relationships are mediated by visceral obesity.
Homocysteinemia in Mice with Genetic Betaine Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase Deficiency Is Independent of Dietary Folate Intake
Creators: name: Cerdena, Ignacio
name: Zeisel, Steven H.
name: Teng, Ya-Wen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations are associated with increased risk of several chronic diseases. Hcy can be removed by methylating it to form methionine via either the betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) or the methionine synthase (MS) pathway. BHMT uses betaine as the methyl donor, whereas MS uses 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. We previously found that mice with the gene encoding Bhmt deleted (Bhmt−/−) had altered Hcy metabolites in tissues. This study aimed to determine whether folate supplementation of Bhmt−/− mice reverses, and folate deficiency exacerbates, these metabolic changes. Bhmt−/− mice and their littermates (Bhmt+/+ mice) were fed a folate-deficient (FD; 0 mg/kg diet), a folate control (FC; 2 mg/kg diet), or a folate-supplemented (FS; 20 mg/kg diet) diet for 4 wk. Bhmt−/− mice had higher plasma Hcy and hepatic S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) concentrations and had lower hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) concentrations compared with Bhmt+/+ mice for all diets. Although the FD diet increased plasma Hcy (P < 0.05) and hepatic AdoHcy (P < 0.001) concentrations in Bhmt+/+ mice compared with FC and FS mice, the FD diet had no effect on the metabolites measured in Bhmt−/− mice. The FS diet did not ameliorate elevated plasma Hcy and elevated hepatic AdoHcy concentrations but did increase hepatic AdoMet concentrations in Bhmt−/− mice (P < 0.001) compared with FD and FC mice. We conclude that the BHMT pathway is a major route for the elimination of Hcy in mice and that the MS pathway has little excess capacity to methylate the Hcy that accumulates when the BHMT pathway is blocked.
(587) William MacFie Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 5 of The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks
Creators: name: Benbrook, Charles M.
name: Davis, Donald R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Food Categories in the US-PDP and UK-FSA Pesticide Residue Data Sets.
Low-Glycemic Load Decreases Postprandial Insulin and Glucose and Increases Postprandial Ghrelin in White but Not Black Women
Creators: name: MacIntosh, Beth
name: Heymen, Steve
name: Galanko, Joseph
name: Hinderliter, Alan L.
name: Brownley, Kimberly A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Alterations in appetite hormones favoring increased postprandial satiety have been implicated in both the glycemic control and potential weight-loss benefits of a low-glycemic diet. Racial differences exist in dietary glycemic load and appetite hormone concentrations. This study examined the impact of glycemic load on appetite hormones in 20 black women [10 normal weight, BMI = 22.8 ± 1.42 (mean ± SD); 10 obese, BMI = 35.1 ± 2.77] and 20 white women (10 normal weight, BMI = 22.9 ± 1.45; 10 obese, BMI = 34.3 ± 2.77). Each woman completed two 4.5-d weight-maintenance, mixed-macronutrient, high-glycemic vs. low-glycemic load diets that concluded with a test meal of identical composition. Blood samples collected before and serially for 3 h after each test meal were assayed for plasma ghrelin and serum insulin and glucose concentrations. Compared with the high-glycemic load meal, the low-glycemic load meal was associated with lower insulinAUC (P = 0.02), glucoseAUC (P = 0.01), and urge to eat ratings (P = 0.05) but with higher ghrelinAUC (P = 0.008). These results suggest the satiating effect of a low-glycemic load meal is not directly linked to enhanced postprandial suppression of ghrelin. Notably, these effects were significant among white but not black women, suggesting that black women may be less sensitive than white women to the glucoregulatory effects of a low-glycemic load. These findings add to a growing literature demonstrating racial differences in postprandial appetite hormone responses. If reproducible, these findings have implications for individualized diet prescription for the purposes of glucose or weight control in women.
Precise space-time positioning for entanglement harvesting
Creators: name: Martin-Martinez, Eduardo
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the crucial role of relative space-time positioning between the two detectors in an operational two-party entanglement-harvesting protocol. Specifically we show that the protocol is robust if imprecision in spatial positioning and clock synchronization are much smaller than the spatial separation between the detectors and its light-crossing time thereof. This in principle guarantees robustness if the imprecision is comparable to a few times the size of the detectors, which suggests entanglement harvesting could be explored for tabletop experiments. On the other hand, keeping the effects of this imprecision under control would be demanding on astronomical scales.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. RevTex 4.1. v2: Minor changes to match published version
Unexpected relationship between dispersal strategies and speciation within the association Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia) - Branchipolynoe (Polychaeta) inferred from the rDNA neutral ITS2 marker
Creators: name: JOLLIVET, Didier
name: COMTET, Thierry
name: CHEVALDONNÉ, Pierre
name: HOURDEZ, Stéphane
name: DESBRUYÈRES, Daniel
name: DIXON, David R.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1998

Abstract
(588) Donald Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(584) Marion F MacFie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Abolishing the maximum tension principle
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Mariusz P.
name: Gohar, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the series of example theories for which the relativistic limit of maximum tension $F_{max} = c^4/4G$ represented by the entropic force can be abolished. Among them the varying constants theories, some generalized entropy models applied both for cosmological and black hole horizons as well as some generalized uncertainty principle models.
description: 5 pages, no figures, REVTEX4-1, a typo in abstract corrected
Additional file 4 of The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks
Creators: name: Benbrook, Charles M.
name: Davis, Donald R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Reconciling Food Names, Food Forms, and Categories in the UK-FSA and US-PDP Pesticide Residue Data Sets.