cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GATT-think
Creators: name: Bagwell, Kyle
name: Staiger, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: In this paper, we present research that speaks to the purpose and design of GATT. The paper proceeds in three basic steps. We first discuss the major theoretical approaches to the study of trade agreements. Next, we develop the institutional context for our study with a description of the history and design of GATT and the WTO. Finally, we draw on the theoretical literature in order to interpret and evaluate the institutional design of GATT.
The Alcubierre Warp Drive: On the Matter of Matter
Creators: name: McMonigal, Brendan
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: O'Byrne, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Alcubierre warp drive allows a spaceship to travel at an arbitrarily large global velocity by deforming the spacetime in a bubble around the spaceship. Little is known about the interactions between massive particles and the Alcubierre warp drive, or the effects of an accelerating or decelerating warp bubble. We examine geodesics representative of the paths of null and massive particles with a range of initial velocities from -c to c interacting with an Alcubierre warp bubble travelling at a range of globally subluminal and superluminal velocities on both constant and variable velocity paths. The key results for null particles match what would be expected of massive test particles as they approach +/- c. The increase in energy for massive and null particles is calculated in terms of v_s, the global ship velocity, and v_p, the initial velocity of the particle with respect to the rest frame of the origin/destination of the ship. Particles with positive v_p obtain extremely high energy and velocity and become "time locked" for the duration of their time in the bubble, experiencing very little proper time between entering and eventually leaving the bubble. When interacting with an accelerating bubble, any particles within the bubble at the time receive a velocity boost that increases or decreases the magnitude of their velocity if the particle is moving towards the front or rear of the bubble respectively. If the bubble is decelerating, the opposite effect is observed. Thus Eulerian matter is unaffected by bubble accelerations/decelerations. The magnitude of the velocity boosts scales with the magnitude of the bubble acceleration/deceleration.
Extending the MERCURY System to Support Teams of Ada Programmers
Creators: name: Micallef, Josephine
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a model-based vision system that automatically plans the placement and optical settings of vision sensors in order to meet certain generic task requirements common to most industrial machine vision applications. From the planned viewpoints, features of interest on an object will satisfy particular constraints in the image. In this work, the vision sensor is a CCD camera equipped with a programmable lens (i.e. zoom lens) and the image constraints considered are: visibility, resolution and field of view. The proposed approach uses a geometric model of the object as well as a model of the sensor. in order to reason about the task and the environment The sensor planning system then computes the regions in space as well as the optical settings that satisfy each of the constraints separately. These results are finally combined to generate acceptable viewing locations and optical settings satisfying all constraints simultaneously. Camera planning experiments are described in which a robot-arm positions the camera at a computed location and the planned optical settings are set automatically. The corresponding scenes from the candidate viewpoints are shown demonstrating that the constraints are indeed satisfied. Other constraints, such as depth of focus, as well as other vision sensors can also be considered resulting in a fully integrated sensor planning system.
Additional file 2 of EANM recommendations based on systematic analysis of small animal radionuclide imaging in inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases
Creators: name: Aarntzen, Erik H. J. G.
name: Noriega-Álvarez, Edel
name: Artiko, Vera
name: Dias, André H.
name: Gheysens, Olivier
name: Glaudemans, Andor W. J. M.
name: Lauri, Chiara
name: Treglia, Giorgio
name: van den Wyngaert, Tim
name: van Leeuwen, Fijs W. B.
name: Terry, Samantha Y. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Table S1. Summary of imaging studies using mouse models.
Parallel Dynamic Programming
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
name: Park, Kunsoo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: We study the parallel computation of dynamic programming. We consider four important dynamic programming problems which have wide application, and that have been studied extensively in sequential computation: (1) the 1D problem, (2) the gap problem, (3) the parenthesis problem, and (4) the RNA problem. The parenthesis problem has fast parallel algorithms, almost no work has been done for parallelizing the other three. We present a unifying framework for the parallel computation of dynamic programming. We use two well known methods, the closure method and the matrix product method, as general paradigms for developing parallel algorithms. Combined with various techniques, they lead to a number of new results Our main results are optimal sublinear time algorithms for the 1D, parenthesis, and RNA problems.
Estimating High Dimensional Covariance Matrices and Its Applications
Creators: name: Bai, Jushan
name: Shi, Shuzhong
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics

description: Estimating covariance matrices is an important part of portfolio selection, risk management, and asset pricing. This paper reviews the recent development in estimating high dimensional covariance matrices, where the number of variables can be greater than the number of observations. The limitations of the sample covariance matrix are discussed. Several new approaches are presented, including the shrinkage method, the observable and latent factor method, the Bayesian approach, and the random matrix theory approach. For each method, the construction of covariance matrices is given. The relationships among these methods are discussed.
An Estimation-Theoretic Framework for Image-Flow Computation
Creators: name: Singh, Ajit
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Image-flow is a major source of three-dimensional information. This paper describes a new framework for computing image-flow from time-varying imagery. In this framework, image-flow information is classified into two categories - conservation information and neighborhood information. Each type of information is recovered in the form of an estimate accompanied by a covariance-matrix. Image-flow is then computed by fusing the two estimates using estimation-theoretic techniques. This framework offers the following principal advantages. Firstly, it allows estimation of certain types of discontinuous flow-fields without any a-priori knowledge about the location of discontinuities. The flow-fields thus recovered are not blurred at motion-boundaries. Secondly, covariance matrices (or alternatively. confidence-measures) are associated with the estimate of image-flow at, each stage of computation. The estimation-theoretic nature of the framework and its ability to provide covariance matrices make it very useful in the context of applications such as incremental estimation of scene-depth using techniques based on Kalman filtering. In this paper, an algorithm based on this framework is used to recover image-flow from two image-sequences. To illustrate an application, the image-flow estimates and their covariance matrices thus obtained are also used to recover scene-depth.
SIPstone: Benchmarking SIP Server Performance
Creators: name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
name: Narayanan, Sankaran
name: Lennox, Jonathan
name: Doyle, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: SIP-based Internet telephony systems need to be appropriately dimensioned, as the call and registration rate can reach several thousand requests a second. This draft proposes an initial simple set of metrics for evaluating and benchmarking the performance of SIP proxy, redirect and registrar servers. The benchmark SIPstone-A expresses a weighted average of these metrics.
Additional file 3 of EANM recommendations based on systematic analysis of small animal radionuclide imaging in inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases
Creators: name: Aarntzen, Erik H. J. G.
name: Noriega-Álvarez, Edel
name: Artiko, Vera
name: Dias, André H.
name: Gheysens, Olivier
name: Glaudemans, Andor W. J. M.
name: Lauri, Chiara
name: Treglia, Giorgio
name: van den Wyngaert, Tim
name: van Leeuwen, Fijs W. B.
name: Terry, Samantha Y. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Table S2. Summary of imaging studies using rat models.
Solanum igneum var. parvifolium Vahl.
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum igneum

description: Solanum igneum L. var. parvifolium Vahl, Eclog. Amer. 1: 23. 1797 Type: U.S. Virgin Islands. St. Croix, D. West s.n. (holotype, C; isotype, G-DC [Morton neg. 8431]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Insensitive Unification of Gauge Couplings
Creators: name: Dermisek, Radovan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard model extended by three vector-like families with masses of order 1 TeV -- 100 TeV allows for unification of gauge couplings. The values of gauge couplings at the electroweak scale are highly insensitive to fundamental parameters. The grand unification scale is large enough to avoid the problem with fast proton decay. The electroweak minimum of the Higgs potential is stable.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, minor corrections, matches the published version
On the bulk viscosity of anisotropically expanding hot QCD plasma
Creators: name: Chandra, Vinod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk viscosity, $ζ$ and its ratio with the shear viscosity, $ζ/η$ have been studied in an anisotropically expanding pure glue plasma in the presence of turbulent color fields. It has been shown that the anisotropy in the momentum distribution function of gluons, which has been determined from a linearized transport equation eventually leads to the bulk viscosity. For the isotropic (equilibrium) state, a recently proposed quasi-particle model of pure SU(3) lattice QCD equation of state has been employed where the interactions are encoded in the effective fugacity. It has been argued that the interactions present in the equation of state, significantly contribute to the bulk viscosity. Its ratio with the shear viscosity is significant even at $1.5 T_c$. Thus, one needs to take in account the effects of the bulk viscosity while studying the hydrodynamic expansion of QGP in RHIC and LHC.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, two column, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
A Spectroscopic Survey & Analysis of Bright, Hydrogen-Rich White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Gianninas, Alexandros
name: Bergeron, Pierre
name: Ruiz, Maria Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a spectroscopic survey of over 1300 bright (V < 17.5), hydrogen-rich white dwarfs based largely on the last published version of the McCook & Sion catalog. The complete results from our survey, including the spectroscopic analysis of over 1100 DA white dwarfs, are presented. High signal-to-noise ratio optical spectra were obtained for each star and were subsequently analyzed using our standard spectroscopic technique where the observed Balmer line profiles are compared to synthetic spectra computed from the latest generation of model atmospheres appropriate for these stars. First, we present the spectroscopic content of our sample, which includes many misclassifications as well as several DAB, DAZ, and magnetic white dwarfs. Next, we look at how the new Stark broadening profiles affect the determination of the atmospheric parameters. When necessary, specific models and analysis techniques are used to derive the most accurate atmospheric parameters possible. In particular, we employ M dwarf templates to obtain better estimates of the atmospheric parameters for those white dwarfs that are in DA+dM binary systems. Certain unique white dwarfs and double-degenerate binary systems are also analyzed in greater detail. We then examine the global properties of our sample including the mass distribution and their distribution as a function of temperature. We then proceed to test the accuracy and robustness of our method by comparing our results to those of other surveys such as SPY and SDSS. Finally, we revisit the ZZ Ceti instability strip and examine how the determination of its empirical boundaries are affected by the latest line profile calculations.
description: 32 pages, 35 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
D4.3 Transparency dashboard and control panel release V2
Creators: name: Raschke, Philip
name: Drozd, Olha
name: Bos, Bert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This release includes improvements to the policy and event data visualisation (T4.1) and system interaction (T4.2) and new visualisations to support the transparency and compliance functionality (T4.1 & T4.2).
Determining Interfaces Using Type Inference
Creators: name: Li, Chun
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: Porting software usually requires understanding what library functions the program being ported uses since this functionality must be either found or reproduced in the ported program's new environment. This is usually done manually through code inspections. We propose a type inference algorithm able to infer basic information about the library functions a particular C program uses in the absence of declaration information for the library (e.g., without header files). Based on a simple but efficient inference algorithm, we were able to infer declarations for much of the PalmOS API from the source of a twenty-seven-thousand-line C program. Such a tool will aid in the problem of program understanding when porting programs, especially from poorly-documented or lost legacy environments.
Families, fictions, and seeing through things : re-reading Langland, Chaucer, and the Pearl-Poet
Creators: name: Phillips, Noelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation explores the generation of meaning in medieval texts and suggests ways in which we can regenerate that meaning by deploying medieval hermeneutic models. Unlike previous scholarship in this particular area, much of which focuses upon how scholasticism and the classical inheritance influenced medieval reading practices, this project brings together two relatively new theoretical models in order to re-evaluate our understanding of some well-trodden ground: the work of William Langland, Geoffrey Chaucer, and the Pearl-Poet. These two models are genealogy and thing theory – two perspectives which seem very different but which both resonate with medieval forms of understanding. This dual theoretical paradigm complicates our assumptions about how linear models functioned in the Middle Ages and highlights how the absence of meaning can be just as significant as its presence. The “thing,” both as concrete object and divine unknown, is an integral part of genealogy, in that the linear genealogical model is constantly on the edge of dissolution as its hidden histories threaten to disrupt its stability. In each of the four “case studies” in this dissertation I apply these models to my readings of different forms of textuality: literary tradition, the physical manuscript, and literary analysis. Langland’s poem Piers Plowman is a central component in each case study, largely because it refuses conclusions and resolutions. Its apparent transgression of genre, its unexpected turns, and its ability to be aligned with opposing ideologies make it a puzzle to the modern reader. It is, in many ways, an indefinable “thing.” Much of this project looks for such moments of “thingness” in order to explore alternate models of signification, and therefore Piers Plowman is ideal as the common thread connecting the different parts of my argument. Applying thing theory and the genealogical paradigm to the various works in this dissertation facilitates an exploration of issues such as authorship, community, individuality, and alterity and the role they play in medieval textuality. Increasing our awareness of how medieval reading practices diverge from modern ones surely enhances our understanding of how literature shaped medieval English culture – a culture which, in turn, shaped our own.
Using Execution Transactions To Recover From Buffer Overflow Attacks
Creators: name: Sidiroglou, Stelios
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: We examine the problem of containing buffer overflow attacks in a safe and efficient manner. Briefly, we automatically augment source code to dynamically catch stack and heap-based buffer overflow and underflow attacks, and recover from them by allowing the program to continue execution. Our hypothesis is that we can treat each code function as a transaction that can be aborted when an attack is detected, without affecting the application's ability to correctly execute. Our approach allows us to selectively enable or disable components of this defensive mechanism in response to external events, allowing for a direct tradeoff between security and performance. We combine our defensive mechanism with a honeypot-like configuration to detect previously unknown attacks and automatically adapt an application's defensive posture at a negligible performance cost, as well as help determine a worm's signature. The main benefits of our scheme are its low impact on application performance, its ability to respond to attacks without human intervention, its capacity to handle previously unknown vulnerabilities, and the preservation of service availability. We implemented a stand-alone tool, DYBOC, which we use to instrument a number of vulnerable applications. Our performance benchmarks indicate a slow-down of 20% for Apache in full-protection mode, and 1.2% with partial protection. We validate our transactional hypothesis via two experiments: first, by applying our scheme to 17 vulnerable applications, successfully fixing 14 of them; second, by examining the behavior of Apache when each of 154 potentially vulnerable routines are made to fail, resulting in correct behavior in 139 of cases.
Additional file 1 of Application of the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the implementation of telehealth pulmonary rehabilitation in a randomized controlled trial among African-American and Hispanic patients with advanced stage Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Creators: name: Polo, Jennifer
name: Basile, Melissa J.
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Ordonez, Keyla
name: Rodriguez, Danielle
name: Boye-Codjoe, Eugenia
name: Williams, Myia
name: Tsang, Donna
name: Medina, Richard
name: Jacome, Sonia
name: Mir, Parvez
name: Khanijo, Sameer
name: Pekmezaris, Renee
name: Hajizadeh, Negin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Participant flow in the study. Figure S2. Consenting process during formal study. Participants were requested to sign consent form 1. For those randomized to TelePR they were requested to sign consent form 2. Figure S3. Overview of study equipment for the TelePR intervention. Table S1. Satisfaction Survey results for TelePR (n = 57) and SPR (n = 28) participants at the time of completion of PR (8 weeks). Appendix S1. Table S2. Modified Borg Scale administered to participants in both TelePR and SPR at Day 1 (session 1) and 8-weeks (session 16). Figure S4. Resistance Level on Bicycle (TelePR) and treadmill (SPR) from Day 1 (start of PR) to Day 16 (completion of PR). Figure S5. Duration on Bicycle (TelePR) and treadmill (SPR) from Day 1 (start of PR) to Day 16 (completion of PR). Table S3. Longitudinal Outcomes. Appendix S2. Overview of the Interviews and focus groups pre- and post- RCT. Table S4. Focus group and interviewed participant’s demographics. Appendix S3.
Magnetothermal Transport in Spin-Ladder Systems
Creators: name: Shlagman, Ofer
name: Shimshoni, Efrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a theoretical model for the magnetothermal conductivity of a spin-1/2 ladder with low exchange coupling ($J\llΘ_D$) subject to a strong magnetic field $B$. Our theory for the thermal transport accounts for the contribution of spinons coupled to lattice phonon modes in the one-dimensional lattice. We employ a mapping of the ladder Hamiltonian onto an XXZ spin-chain in a weaker effective field B_{eff}=B-B_{0}$, where $B_{0}=(B_{c1}+B_{c2})/2$ corresponds to half-filling of the spinon band. This provides a low-energy theory for the spinon excitations and their coupling to the phonons. The coupling of acoustic longitudinal phonons to spinons gives rise to hybridization of spinons and phonons, and provides an enhanced $B$-dependant scattering of phonons on spinons. Using a memory matrix approach, we show that the interplay between several scattering mechanisms, namely: umklapp, disorder and phonon-spinon collisions, dominates the relaxation of heat current. This yields magnetothermal effects that are qualitatively consistent with the thermal conductivity measurements in the spin-1/2 ladder compound ${\rm Br_4(C_5H_{12}N)_2}$ (BPCB).
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
The total nucleon-nucleon cross section at large N_c
Creators: name: Cohen, Thomas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that at sufficiently large $N_c$ for incident momenta which are much larger than the QCD, the total nucleon-nucleon cross section is independent of incident momentum and given by $σ^{\rm total}=2 π\log^2(N_c) / (m^2_π)$. This result is valid in the extreme large $N_c$ regime of $\log(N_c) \gg 1$ and has corrections of relative order $\log (\log(N_c))/\log(N_c)$. A possible connection of this result to the Froissart-Martin bound is discussed.
description: 4 pages
A Relational Database Machine Architecture
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1979
Subjects: Computer science
Algorithms--Mathematical models

description: Algorithms are described and analyzed for the efficient evaluation of the primitive operators of a relational algebra on a proposed non-von Neumann machine based on a hierarchy of associative storage devices. In many cases of practical, import, the proposed architecture may also permit a significant improvement (by device) over the performance of previously implemented or proposed database machine architectures based on associative secondary storage devices.
Additional file 4 of EANM recommendations based on systematic analysis of small animal radionuclide imaging in inflammatory musculoskeletal diseases
Creators: name: Aarntzen, Erik H. J. G.
name: Noriega-Álvarez, Edel
name: Artiko, Vera
name: Dias, André H.
name: Gheysens, Olivier
name: Glaudemans, Andor W. J. M.
name: Lauri, Chiara
name: Treglia, Giorgio
name: van den Wyngaert, Tim
name: van Leeuwen, Fijs W. B.
name: Terry, Samantha Y. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Table S3. Summary of imaging studies using rabbit models.
Fluctuation Relation for Heat
Creators: name: Noh, Jae Dong
name: Park, Jong-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fluctuation relation for heat dissipation in a nonequilibrium system. A nonequilibrium work is known to obey the fluctuation theorem in any time interval $t$. A heat, which differs from a work by an energy change, is shown to satisfy a modified fluctuation relation. Modification is brought by correlation between a heat and an energy change during nonequilibrium processes whose effect may not be negligible even in the $t\to\infty$ limit. The fluctuation relation is derived for overdamped Langevin equation systems, and tested in a linear diffusion system.
description: 5 pages, 3 figure
Additional file 2 of Highly efficient generation of sheep with a defined FecBB mutation via adenine base editing
Creators: name: Zhou, Shiwei
name: Ding, Yige
name: Liu, Jiao
name: Liu, Yao
name: Zhao, Xiaoe
name: Li, Guanwei
name: Zhang, Chenguang
name: Li, Chao
name: Wang, Ying
name: Kalds, Peter
name: Gao, Yawei
name: Zong, Bo
name: Huang, Xiaoyu
name: Huang, Shuhong
name: Yu, Honghao
name: Kou, Qifang
name: Petersen, Bjoern
name: Huang, Xingxu
name: Wang, Xiaolong
name: Ma, Baohua
name: Chen, Yulin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Overlapping peaks in sequencing maps of the DNA from transfected cells.
Solanum persicifolium Dunal
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum persicifolium

description: Solanum persicifolium Dunal, Nat. Hist. Solanum 1813 Type: No specimens cited in protologue (lectotype, Plumier, Pl. Amer. t. 244, fig. 2, 1760, designated here). as “ persicaefolium ”.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Solanum anacanthum Dunal
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum anacanthum

description: Solanum anacanthum Dunal in DC., Prodr. 13(1): 183. 1852 Type: “ Mexico ”, J. Pavón s.n. [unspecified locality in West Indies, M. Sessé & J. Mociño s.n.] (holotype, G [G-Boiss., F neg. 34108]; isotype, MA [MA-604598]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Principled Policymaking in an Uncertain World
Creators: name: Woodford, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper considers the consequences for the theory of economic policy of allowing for the inevitability of non-routine change in the environment in which policy is conducted. It addresses in particular the modifications that must be made to standard discussions (based on an assumption of "rational" or model-consistent expectations) of the advantages of commitment to a policy rule over a purely discretionary approach to policy. The paper argues that a certain naà¯ve conception of a policy rule -- under which it should be possible to state in advantage a fully explicit formula determining a specific policy action as a function of publicly observable state variables -- makes little sense once one allows for the impossibility of listing in advance all possible future states of knowledge about economic conditions, but argues that purely discretionary policy is not the only coherent alternative. Instead, the paper distinguishes between multiple levels at which a particular systematic approach to policy may simultaneously be described, and argues that a higher-level policy commitment remains both possible and desirable, even if discretion will have to be allowed in the translation of the higher-level policy commitments into a more concrete (lower-level) description of the way that policy should be conducted under the particular future circumstances that arise. Four distinct levels of description are distinguished in the case of monetary policy, where the general idea is developed in greater detail, and the paper concludes with a discussion of ways in which the conventional theory of monetary policy should be modified in the light of the recent global financial crisis.
Holographic Dual of de Sitter Universe with AdS Bubbles
Creators: name: Kanno, Sugumi
name: Sasaki, Misao
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the proposal that a de Sitter (dS) universe with an Anti-de Sitter (AdS) bubble can be replaced by a dS universe with a boundary CFT. To explore this duality, we consider incident gravitons coming from the dS universe through the bubble wall into the AdS bubble in the original picture. In the dual picture, this process has to be identified with the absorption of gravitons by CFT matter. We have obtained a general formula for the absorption probability in general $d+1$ spacetime dimensions. The result shows the different behavior depending on whether spacetime dimensions are even or odd. We find that the absorption process of gravitons from the dS universe by CFT matter is controlled by localized gravitons (massive bound state modes in the Kaluza-Klein decomposition) in the dS universe. The absorption probability is determined by the effective degrees of freedom of the CFT matter and the effective gravitational coupling constant which encodes information of localized gravitons. We speculate that the dual of $d+1$ dimensional dS universe with an AdS bubble is also dual to a $d$ dimensional dS universe with CFT matter.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, reference added, conclusion section expanded, published version
Nonpersistence of resonant caustics in perturbed elliptic billiards
Creators: name: Pinto-de-Carvalho, Sonia
name: Ramirez-Ros, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Caustics are curves with the property that a billiard trajectory, once tangent to it, stays tangent after every reflection at the boundary of the billiard table. When the billiard table is an ellipse, any nonsingular billiard trajectory has a caustic, which can be either a confocal ellipse or a confocal hyperbola. Resonant caustics ---the ones whose tangent trajectories are closed polygons--- are destroyed under generic perturbations of the billiard table. We prove that none of the resonant elliptical caustics persists under a large class of explicit perturbations of the original ellipse. This result follows from a standard Melnikov argument and the analysis of the complex singularities of certain elliptic functions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
SHILIMSHIQLAR BO'LIMI VAKILLARINING TUZILISHI, SISTEMATIKASI, TARQALISHI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Murodova, Mukambarxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Вегетативное тело в той или иной степени имеет вид гигантской амебы. При размножении плазмодий напоминает емкость, наполненную спорами различной формы. Иногда в этом контейнере может быть несколько спор или только одна. При прорастании спора превращается в одноядерную амебоподобную клетку (миксамеба) или зооспору (планоцит) с одной или двумя клетками (две клетки, одна длиннее другой). В большинстве случаев споры быстро исчезают, а зооспоры размножаются делением миксамеб.
Inward FDI in Taiwan and its policy context
Creators: name: Chen, Victor Zitian
name: Kao, Ming-Sung
name: Kuo, Anthony
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance
Commerce

description: Taiwan has long maintained an explicit policy of attracting inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) as part of its growth strategy, although inflows have been subject to various restrictions. The primary objective of Taiwan's stance toward FDI was initially to attract export-oriented investment based upon the competitiveness of its highly educated and productive labor force. More recently, this objective has been modified to focus on attracting FDI into increasingly technology-intensive areas and to encourage or promote domestic technological spillovers. In recent years, although Taiwan's IFDI stock has more than tripled, from US$ 20 billion in 2000 to US$ 64 billion in 2010, it remains a relatively small recipient compared with its neighboring economies in the Asia-Pacific region. Annual IFDI flows to Taiwan have been in single-digit US$ billion during 2000-2010, with a peak of US$ 7 billion in 2007 followed by a steady decline during 2008-2010. In 2010, Taiwan received inward FDI of US$ 2 billion only. It is, however, generally seen that the release of prohibition against mainland China investors on June 30, 2009, and the newly signed landmark cross-strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) on June 30, 2010 will reinforce Taiwan's robust investment climate and stimulate IFDI.
title: Inklusivität im Online-Handel
Creators: name: Herzog, Katharina
Year: 2023

description: Die digitale Barrierefreiheit von Webshops stellt eine zentrale Herausforderung für die Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderungen dar. Insbesondere blinde oder sehbeeinträchtigte Personen erfahren Hürden aufgrund der visuellen Ausrichtung von Webseiten, die ursprünglich für Sehende konzipiert wurden. In Anbetracht des European Accessibility Acts untersucht diese Arbeit den Grad der Barrierefreiheit von Webshops von Lebensmittelhändler:innen in Österreich. Durch die Analyse von fünf Webshops und drei Experteninterviews bietet die Forschung Einblick in bestehende Barrieren, fehlende Maßnahmen und Handlungsfelder für eine umfassend inklusive Gestaltung von Webseiten. Die Ergebnisse der Software-Analyse verdeutlichen, dass trotz vorhandener gesetzlicher Richtlinien und technologischer Möglichkeiten die untersuchten Online-Supermärkte in Österreich erhebliche Defizite in Bezug auf Barrierefreiheit aufweisen. Unternehmen stehen dabei vor vielfältigen Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung von Barrierefreiheit. Diese reichen von mangelndem Bewusstsein und Verständnis über Barrierefreiheit bis hin zu technologischen und prozessualen Hindernissen. Maßnahmen, die Unternehmen zur Förderung der digitalen Barrierefreiheit setzen sollten, sind von interner und externer Natur. Externe Maßnahmen beinhalten Informationsbeschaffung, Beratungen, Schulungen und Weiterbildungen. Ebenso wichtig sind kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung der Arbeitsprozesse sowie der Einsatz von Zuständigkeiten wie Accessibility Teams oder Barrierefreiheitsbeauftragten im Unternehmen. Diese Erkenntnisse verdeutlichen den aktuellen Status der digitalen Barrierefreiheit in Webshops und betonen die Dringlichkeit umfassender Maßnahmen, um Barrieren abzubauen und eine inklusivere digitale Umgebung zu schaffen, die die vielfältigen Bedürfnisse und Anforderungen aller Nutzer:innen umfassend berücksichtigt.
Additional file 3 of Knockdown of LAP2α inhibits osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by activating NF-κB
Creators: name: Tang, Yiman
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Ge, Wenshu
name: Zhou, Yongsheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Microphotographs of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin red S (ARS) staining. a Microphotographs of ALP staining on day 7 after osteogenic induction. b Microphotographs of ARS staining on day 14 after osteogenic induction.
Fluctuating geometries, q-observables, and infrared growth in inflationary spacetimes
Creators: name: Giddings, Steven B.
name: Sloth, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared growth of geometrical fluctuations in inflationary spacetimes is investigated. The problem of gauge-invariant characterization of growth of perturbations, which is of interest also in other spacetimes such as black holes, is addressed by studying evolution of the lengths of curves in the geometry. These may either connect freely falling "satellites," or wrap non-trivial cycles of geometries like the torus, and are also used in diffeomorphism- invariant constructions of two-point functions of field operators. For spacelike separations significantly exceeding the Hubble scale, no spacetime geodesic connects two events, but one may find geodesics constrained to lie within constant-time spatial slices. In inflationary geometries, metric perturbations produce significant and growing corrections to the lengths of such geodesics, as we show in both quantization on an inflating torus and in standard slow-roll inflation. These become large, signaling breakdown of a perturbative description of the geometry via such observables, and consistent with perturbative instability of de Sitter space. In particular, we show that the geodesic distance on constant time slices during inflation becomes non-perturbative a few e-folds after a given scale has left the horizon, by distances \sim 1/H^3 \sim RS, obstructing use of such geodesics in constructing IR-safe observables based on the spatial geometry. We briefly discuss other possible measures of such geometrical fluctuations.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, latex; v2: typos corrected, references improved
Additional file 1 of A typology of caregiving spouses of geriatric patients without dementia: caring, worried, desperate
Creators: name: Gehr, Thomas Johann
name: Freiberger, Ellen
name: Sieber, Cornel Christian
name: Engel, Sabine Alexandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Disconnected Operation in a Multi-User Software Development Environment
Creators: name: Skopp, Peter D.
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: Software Development Environments have traditionally relied upon a central project database and file repository, accessible to a programmer's workstation via a local area network connection. The introduction of powerful mobile computers has demonstrated the need for a new model, which allows for machines with transient network connectivity to assist programmers in product development. We propose a process-based checkout model by which process and product file that may be needed during a planned period of disconnectivity are pre-fetched with minimal user effort. Rather than selecting each file by hand, which is tedious and error-prone, the user only informs the environment of the portion of the software development process intended to be executed while disconnected. The environment is then responsible for pre-fetching the necessary file. We hope that this approach will enable programmers to continue working on a project without network access.
Ab-initio study of the thermopower of biphenyl-based single-molecule junctions
Creators: name: Bürkle, M.
name: Zotti, L. A.
name: Viljas, J. K.
name: Vonlanthen, D.
name: Mishchenko, A.
name: Wandlowski, T.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Schön, G.
name: Pauly, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing ab-initio electronic structure calculations combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function technique, we study the dependence of the thermopower Q on the conformation in biphenyl-based single-molecule junctions. For the series of experimentally available biphenyl molecules, alkyl side chains allow us to gradually adjust the torsion angle ϕ between the two phenyl rings from 0 to 90° and to control in this way the degree of π-electron conjugation. Studying different anchoring groups and binding positions, our theory predicts that the absolute values of the thermopower decrease slightly towards larger torsion angles, following an a+b*cos^{2}ϕ dependence. The anchoring group determines the sign of Q and a,b, simultaneously. Sulfur and amine groups give rise to Q,a,b>0, while for cyano Q,a,b<0. The different binding positions can lead to substantial variations of the thermopower mostly due to changes in the alignment of the frontier molecular orbital levels and the Fermi energy. We explain our ab-initio results in terms of a π-orbital tight-binding model and a minimal two-level model, which describes the pair of hybridizing frontier orbital states on the two phenyl rings. The variations of the thermopower with ϕ seem to be within experimental resolution.
description: 8 pages, 4 figues, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of GDF11 expressed in the adult brain negatively regulates hippocampal neurogenesis
Creators: name: Mayweather, Brittany A.
name: Buchanan, Sean M.
name: Rubin, Lee L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Gdf11 coexpression data in nonneuronal cells of the choroid plexus and hippocampal dentate gyrus. Representative RNAscope micrographs from a 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mouse probed for Gdf11 (white), probed for a cell specific marker (pink or green), and stained with DAPI (blue). A) Cell types probed include: SVZ neuroblasts (Dcx), endothelial cells (Pecam1), and choroid plexus epithelial cells (Ttr). B) Cell types probed include: oligodendrocytes (Olig1), oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) (Pdgfra), microglia (Itgam), and endothelial cells (Pecam1). Gray boxes mark the regions chosen for the enlarged inserts below each micrograph shown. Scale bar = 20 μm. Figure 2. Gdf11 is expressed at higher levels than Mstn in young adult dentate gyrus. A) Representative RNAscope micrographs from a 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mouse probed for Gdf11 (white, left panel) or Mstn (white, right panel). B) Bar graph depicting the quantification of RNAscope data (n = 4 mice, error bars represent SEM). Figure 3. Gdf11 expression in the hippocampus does not change with age. A) Representative RNAscope micrographs from either a young (3 month old) or old (18 month old) male C57BL/6 mouse probed for Gdf11 (white puncta) and stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 20 μm. B) Quantification of RNAscope data (mean of 4 mice per age studied, error bars depict SEM, no within region comparisons were statistically significant). C) Quantitative PCR analysis of Gdf11 expression in hippocampus tissue isolated from young and old male C57BL/6 mice (n = 3 young hippocampi vs n = 4 old hippocampi). Hprt was used as a housekeeping gene. Relative mRNA levels for all samples are normalized to the young mice age group and error bars depict SEM. Statistics were calculated using two-tailed t-test. Figure 4. Comparing quantification of Gdf11 by RNAscope and qPCR in Gdf11cKO mice vs controls. A) Scatterplot showing the quantification of RNAscope performed on mouse hippocampi (dentate gyrus) probed for Gdf11.N = 4 GDF11cKO brains and n = 4 controls (2 Gdf11flox/flox and 2 CAG-CreER;GDF11flox/flox mice). B) Quantitative PCR analysis of Gdf11 expression in isolated hippocampi from Gdf11flox/flox, Gdf11cKO, and CAG-CreER; GDF11flox/flox mice. Hprt was used as a housekeeping gene. Relative mRNA levels for all samples are normalized to control mice, and error bars depict SEM. Statistics were calculated using a two-tailed t-test.
Differences in Quasi-Elastic Cross-Sections of Muon and Electron Neutrinos
Creators: name: Day, Melanie
name: McFarland, Kevin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments seek to make precision measurements of the neutrino flavor oscillations muon (anti)neutrino to electron (anti)neutrino in order to determine the mass hierarchy of neutrinos and to search for CP violation in neutrino oscillations. These experiments are currently performed with beams of muon neutrinos at energies near 1 GeV where the charged-current quasi-elastic interactions nu+n\rightarrow(l^-)+p and anti-nu+p\rightarrow(l^+)+n dominate the signal reactions. We examine the difference between the quasi-elastic cross-sections for muon and electron neutrinos and anti-neutrinos and estimate the uncertainties on these differences.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Physical Review D. Revision to discussion of radiative corrections