cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF MICRONUTRIENTS ON LABOR PRODUCTIVITY: EVIDENCE FROM RURAL INDIA
Creators: name: Weinberger, Katinka
name: Weinberger, Katinka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Micronutrient malnutrition
subject: iron
subject: productivity
subject: India

description: Micronutrient malnutrition, particularly of iron, is widespread on the South Asian subcontinent and economic losses due to reduced productivity of afflicted population groups are believed to be substantial. This paper examines the impact of micronutrient intake on productivity of house-hold engaged in agricultural labor in India by applying a two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimation technique. The micronutrient under investigation is iron. The results indicate that productivity, measured in wages is indeed affected through insufficient intake, and that wages would on average be 5 to 17.3 percent higher, if households would achieve recommended intake levels of the micronutrient discussed here. The results demonstrate that policy interventions that aim at enhancing micronutrient intake can be regarded as investments in improved productivity and higher household incomes. Enhancing micronutrient intake will contribute significantly to overall economic growth and development.
deepSIP: Linking Type Ia Supernova Spectra to Photometric Quantities with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Stahl, Benjamin E.
name: Martinez-Palomera, Jorge
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: de Jaeger, Thomas
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present {\tt deepSIP} (deep learning of Supernova Ia Parameters), a software package for measuring the phase and -- for the first time using deep learning -- the light-curve shape of a Type Ia supernova (SN~Ia) from an optical spectrum. At its core, {\tt deepSIP} consists of three convolutional neural networks trained on a substantial fraction of all publicly-available low-redshift SN~Ia optical spectra, onto which we have carefully coupled photometrically-derived quantities. We describe the accumulation of our spectroscopic and photometric datasets, the cuts taken to ensure quality, and our standardised technique for fitting light curves. These considerations yield a compilation of 2754 spectra with photometrically characterised phases and light-curve shapes. Though such a sample is significant in the SN community, it is small by deep-learning standards where networks routinely have millions or even billions of free parameters. We therefore introduce a data-augmentation strategy that meaningfully increases the size of the subset we allocate for training while prioritising model robustness and telescope agnosticism. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our models by deploying them on a sample unseen during training and hyperparameter selection, finding that Model~I identifies spectra that have a phase between $-10$ and 18\,d and light-curve shape, parameterised by $Δm_{15}$, between 0.85 and 1.55\,mag with an accuracy of 94.6\%. For those spectra that do fall within the aforementioned region in phase--$Δm_{15}$ space, Model~II predicts phases with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.00\,d and Model~III predicts $Δm_{15}$ values with an RMSE of 0.068\,mag.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
PROFIT EFFICIENCY AMONG BANGLADESHI RICE FARMERS
Creators: name: Rahman, Sanzidur
name: Rahman, Sanzidur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Stochastic profit frontier
subject: profit efficiency
subject: Bangladesh

description: Production inefficiency is usually analysed by its two components - technical efficiency and allocative efficiency. In this study we provide a direct measure of production efficiency of the Bangladeshi rice farmers using a stochastic profit frontier and inefficiency effects model. The data, which is for 1996, includes seven conventional inputs and several other background factors affecting production of modern or high yielding varieties (HYVs) of rice spread across 21 villages in three agro-ecological regions of Bangladesh. The results show that there are high levels of inefficiency in modern rice cultivation. The mean level of profit efficiency is 77% suggesting that an estimated 23% of the profit is lost due to a combination of both technical and allocative inefficiency in modern rice production. The efficiency differences are explained largely by infrastructure, soil fertility, experience, extension services, tenancy and share of non-agricultural income.
Effect of variable echo spacing in multi-echo sequences for resolving long T2 componenets in multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Skinner, Matthew Garrett
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Five 48-echo CPMG pulse sequences were examined to determine their effectiveness in measuring the T2 relaxation characteristics of cerebral tissue containing multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. To this end, two sets of experiments were conducted in which the first 32 echoes had an echo spacing of 10 ms while the secondary echo spacing (SES), the final 16 echoes, was increased from 10 to 50 ms. In the first study 10 normal volunteers were imaged and the geometric mean T2 (GM T2) , the peak widths and the myelin water fractions of the resultant T2 distributions were measured and compared to the results of a previous study. The second study simulated the T2 relaxation distributions that are expected in the brains of MS patients using a series of NiCI2 water phantoms. The GM T2, peak widths and myelin water fractions were measured in these phantoms. The volunteer study showed that the T2 distributions in several gray matter structures contained a single main peak (70 - 95 ms) with a low, or zero, myelin water fraction. The resolution of both myelin (10 - 50 ms) and intra/extracellular (70 - 95 ms) water peaks decreased while the accuracy of the GM T2 of the main peak improved as SES increased. Sampling of the decay curves at longer times improved the separation of the short and intermediate T2 compartments. In the phantom study it was demonstrated that there was a clear clinical benefit to the use of a longer SES. When imaging lesions for which the T2 of the intra/extracellular and lesion (200 - 500 ms) water compartments were separated by at least a factor of 3, each compartment in the distribution was better resolved when SES was increased. When the lesion T2 was 179 ms, the intermediate and long T2 peaks could not be resolved. The fraction that each component contributed to the mixtures also determined the resolution of their peaks. As the fractional contributions of each component increased so too did its resolution. Increased resolution of one component often resulted in better estimation of the other components. This study demonstrated that for specific clinical situations, it is advantageous to use extended secondary echo spacings for imaging the lesions of MS patients, without the risk of losing valuable short T2 information.
VLT Observations of the Ultraluminous X-ray Source NGC 1313 X-2
Creators: name: Mucciarelli, P.
name: Zampieri, L.
name: Falomo, R.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Treves, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present archive ESO VLT photometric and spectroscopic data of the Ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2. The superb quality of the VLT images reveals that two distinct objects, with R magnitudes 23.7 and 23.6, are visible inside the Chandra error box. The two objects, separated by 0.75 arcsec, were unresolved in our previous ESO 3.6 m+EFOSC image. We show that both are stars in NGC 1313, the first a B0-O9 main sequence star of ~20 Msun, while the second a G supergiant of ~10 Msun. Irrespectively of which of the two objects the actual counterpart is, this implies that NGC 1313 X-2 is a high mass X-ray binary with a very massive donor.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Dual Technological Development in Botswana Agriculture - A Stochastic Input Distance Approach
Creators: name: Irz, Xavier T.
name: Hadley, David
name: Irz, Xavier T.
name: Hadley, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: To improve the welfare of the rural poor and keep them in the countryside, the government has been spending 40% of the value of agricultural GDP on agricultural support services. But can investment make smallholder agriculture prosperous in such adverse conditions? This paper derives an answer by applying a two-output six-input stochastic translog distance function, with inefficiency effects and biased technical change to panel data for the 18 districts and the commercial sector, from 1979 to 1996. This model demonstrates that herds are the most important input, followed by draft power, land and seeds. Multilateral indices for technical change, technical efficiency and total factor productivity (TFP) show that the technology level of the commercial sector is more than six times that of traditional agriculture and that the gap has been increasing, due to technological regression in traditional agriculture and modest progress in the commercial sector. Since the levels of efficiency are similar, the same pattern is repeated by the TFP indices. This result highlights the policy dilemma of the trade-off between efficiency and equity objectives.
Additional file 1 of Effects of forest structure on the interaction between avian hosts, dipteran vectors and haemosporidian parasites
Creators: name: Hoesel, Willem Van
name: Santiago-Alarcon, Diego
name: Marzal, Alfonso
name: Renner, Swen C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Additional figures and tables related to the statistical analyses.
Curvature of planar aesthetic curves
Creators: name: Cantón, A.
name: Fernández-Jambrina, L.
name: Vázquez-Gallo, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65D17, 68U07, 53A04

description: Farin proposed a method for designing Bezier curves with monotonic curvature and torsion. Such curves are relevant in design due to their aesthetic shape. The method relies on applying a matrix M to the first edge of the control polygon of the curve in order to obtain by iteration the remaining edges. With this method, sufficient conditions on the matrix $M$ are provided, which lead to the definition of Class A curves, generalising a previous result by Mineur et al for plane curves with M being the composition of a dilatation and a rotation. However, Cao and Wang have shown counterexamples for such conditions. In this paper, we revisit Farin's idea of using the subdivision algorithm to relate the curvature at every point of the curve to the curvature at the initial point in order to produce a closed formula for the curvature of planar curves in terms of the eigenvalues of the matrix M and the seed vector for the curve, the first edge of the control polygon. Moreover, we give new conditions in order to produce planar curves with monotonic curvature. The main difference is that we do not require our conditions on the eigenvalues to be preserved under subdivision of the curve. This facilitates giving a unified derivation of the existing results and obtain more general results in the planar case.
description: 32 pages, 16 figures. To appear in Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
Geometrical Effect of Supercritical Accretion Flows: Observational Implications of Galactic Black-Hole Candidates and Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
Creators: name: Watarai, K.
name: Ohsuga, K.
name: Takahashi, R.
name: Fukue, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of the viewing angle in supercritical accretion flows and discuss the observational implications of galactic black-hole candidates and ultraluminous X-ray sources. When the mass accretion rate exceeds the critical rate, then the shape of the disk is geometrically thick due to the enhanced radiation pressure. The model spectra of supercritical accretion flows strongly depend on the inclination angle. Because the outer disk blocks the emission from the disk inner region for high inclination angle. We also find that the spectral properties of low-inclination angle and low accretion-rate disks are very similar to those of high-inclination and high accretion rate disks. That is, if an object has a high inclination and high accretion rate, such a system suffers from self-occultation and the spectrum will be extremely soft. Therefore, we cannot discriminate these differences from spectrum shapes only. Conversely, if we use the self-occultation properties, we could constrain the inclination angle of the system. We suggest that some observed high temperature ultraluminous X-ray sources have near face-on geometry, i < 40, and Galactic black hole candidate, XTE J1550-564, possesses relatively high-inclination angles, i > 60.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Space weather and the MOST microsatellite
Creators: name: Skaret, Kristina A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The MOST (Mcrovariability and Oscillations of Stars) microsatellite is designed to obtain the most precise stellar photometry (AL/L -10 ⁻⁶) ever achieved. In preparation for the launch of the first satellite devoted to asteroseismology, a complete evaluation of space weather in the baseline orbit including radiation analysis is performed, providing a 'weather forecast' for the mission in order to assist the MOST instrument team with crucial planning decisions. Results of assessing the effects of space weather include recommendations for the choice of orbit, design structure, operating guidelines, and data reduction guidelines. This analysis has aided the MOST team to convince the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to identify a launch vehicle capable of taking MOST to a polar sun-synchronous orbit. Preliminary shielding recommendations have been incorporated into the mechanical design of the telescope. Estimates of the amount of degradation the CCD will experience, including the number of Single Event Effects (SEEs, effects caused by interaction with a single cosmic ray), have influenced current operating procedure guidelines. It is shown that radiation doses to the CCD are not expected to cause critical failure of the detector. A minimum mission lifetime is established for a worse-case radiation environment and found to be of sufficiently long duration to meet all primary scientific objectives. As the impact of the radiation environment (and other orbital environment related factors) is less than critical thresholds, the forecast for the MOST microsatellite looks 'sunny and warm'.
55. Wow!
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The search for extra-terrestrial intelligence, or SETI, is motivated by the belief that intelligent life is likely to emerge under conditions similar to those on Earth. There have been many searches, with false alarms, unconfirmed events, and new celestial phenomena discovered along the way. Gaia is contributing to our ever-improving picture.
Transport study of charged current interactions in neutrino-nucleus reactions
Creators: name: Cassing, W.
name: Kant, M.
name: Langanke, K.
name: Vogel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a dynamical transport approach we investigate charged current interactions in neutrino-nucleus reactions for neutrino energies of 0.3 - 1.5 GeV with particular emphasis on resonant pion production channels via the $Δ_{33}(1232)$ resonance. The final-state-interactions of the resonance as well as of the emitted pions are calculated explicitly for $^{12}C$ and $^{56}Fe$ nuclei and show a dominance of pion suppression at moderate momenta $p_π>$ 0.2 GeV/c. A comparison to integrated $π^+$ spectra for $ν_μ+ ^{12}C$ reactions with the available (preliminary) data demonstrates a reasonable agreement.
description: 13 pages incl. 6 eps-figures; computational error in final state interactions corrected; to be published in Phys. Lett. B
Spike timing precision and neural error correction: local behavior
Creators: name: Stiber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The effects of spike timing precision and dynamical behavior on error correction in spiking neurons were investigated. Stationary discharges -- phase locked, quasiperiodic, or chaotic -- were induced in a simulated neuron by presenting pacemaker presynaptic spike trains across a model of a prototypical inhibitory synapse. Reduced timing precision was modeled by jittering presynaptic spike times. Aftereffects of errors -- in this communication, missed presynaptic spikes -- were determined by comparing postsynaptic spike times between simulations identical except for the presence or absence of errors. Results show that the effects of an error vary greatly depending on the ongoing dynamical behavior. In the case of phase lockings, a high degree of presynaptic spike timing precision can provide significantly faster error recovery. For non-locked behaviors, isolated missed spikes can have little or no discernible aftereffects (or even serve to paradoxically reduce uncertainty in postsynaptic spike timing), regardless of presynaptic imprecision. This suggests two possible categories of error correction: high-precision locking with rapid recovery and low-precision non-locked with error immunity.
description: 23 pages, 27 figures, to be published in Neural Computation
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA INTELLEKTUAL MULK HIMOYASINING RIVOJLANISHI
Creators: name: Aminova, Maftuna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Tezisda O‘zbekiston  Respublikasi hududida intellektual mulk huquqi va u bilan bog‘liq qonunchilik hujjatlari hamda  sohani rivojlantirish strategiyasi keltirilgan. “IP Protection” axborot portali va “WIPO Alert” onlayn platformasi haqida to‘xtalib o‘tilgan.
Cosmological perturbation theory with matter time
Creators: name: Husain, Viqar
name: Saeed, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological perturbation theory with scalar field and pressureless dust in the Hamiltonian formulation, with the dust field chosen as a matter-time gauge. The corresponding canonical action describes the dynamics of the scalar field and metric degrees of freedom with a non-vanishing physical Hamiltonian and spatial diffeomorphism constraint. We construct a momentum space Hamiltonian that describes linear perturbations, and show that the constraints to this order form a first class system. We then write the Hamiltonian as a function of certain gauge invariant canonical variables and show that it takes the form of an oscillator with time dependent mass and frequency coupled to an ultralocal field. We compare our analysis with other Hamiltonian approaches to cosmological perturbation theory that do not use dust time.
description: 22 pages
Additional file 1 of Understanding youths’ attitudes and practices regarding listening to music, video recording and terrain park use while skiing and snowboarding
Creators: name: Russell, Kelly
name: Arthur, Stephanie
name: Goulet, Claude
name: Selci, Erin
name: Morrongiello, Barbara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Final Questionnaire: AdditionalFile_Questionnaire_06Apr2020
Photon-assisted electron-hole shot noise in multi-terminal conductors
Creators: name: Rychkov, Valentin S.
name: Polianski, M. L.
name: Buttiker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recent experiment by L.-H. Reydellet et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 176803 (2003), we discuss an interpretation of photon-assisted shot noise in mesoscopic multiprobe conductors in terms of electron-hole pair excitations. AC-voltages are applied to the contacts of the sample. Of interest are correlations resulting from the fact that electrons and holes are generated in pairs. We show that with two out-of-phase ac-potentials of equal magnitude and frequency, applied to different contacts, it is possible to trace out the Hanbury Brown Twiss exchange interference correlations in a four probe conductor. We calculate the distribution of Hanbury Brown Twiss phases for a four-probe single channel chaotic dot.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. v2: minor changes, refences updated
Potential Risks and Benefits of Food Irradiation: A Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Thompson, Cindy
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Thompson, Cindy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This Research Update discusses a USDA/CSREES Food Safety Research Initiative grant awarded to Tennessee State University. The research will build a collaborative network of institutions (private and public) to conduct research on effective strategies for communicating potential risks and benefits of food irradiation to high-risk consumers: the young, the old, and consumers with compromised immune systems. Extensive and comprehensive review of the literature on the risks and benefits of food irradiation continue as part of this research project.
Additional file 3 of A new method for the inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) into cacao seedlings under greenhouse conditions
Creators: name: Delgadillo-Durán, Paola
name: Soto-Suárez, Mauricio
name: Rodriguez-Polanco, Leonora
name: Carrero-Gutierrez, Martha
name: Torres-Rojas, Esperanza
name: Yockteng, Roxana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. a. One-way ANOVA of leaf damage caused by P. palmivora. b. Tukey’s test for the average of the percentage of the lesion caused by P. palmivora.
On the full-waveform inversion of seismic moment tensors
Creators: name: Amad, Alan A. S.
name: Novotny, Antonio A.
name: Guzina, Bojan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we propose a full-waveform technique for the spatial reconstruction and characterization of (micro-) seismic events via joint source location and moment tensor inversion. The approach is formulated in the frequency domain, and it allows for the simultaneous inversion of multiple point-like events. In the core of the proposed methodology is a grid search for the source locations that encapsulates the optimality condition on the respective moment tensors. The developments cater for compactly supported elastic bodies in $\mathbb{R}^2$; however our framework is directly extendable to inverse (seismic) source problems in $\mathbb{R}^3$ involving both bounded and unbounded elastic domains. A set of numerical results, targeting laboratory applications, is included to illustrate the performance of the inverse solution in situations involving: (i) reconstruction of multiple events, (ii) sparse (pointwise) boundary measurements, (iii) "off-grid" location of the micro-seismic events, and (iv) inexact knowledge of the medium's elastic properties.
Massless and massive graviton spectra in anisotropic dilatonic braneworld cosmologies
Creators: name: De Risi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a braneworld model in which an anisotropic brane is embedded in a dilatonic background. We solve the background solutions and study the behavior of the perturbations when the universe evolves from an inflationary Kasner phase to a Minkowski phase. We calculate the massless mode spectrum, and find that it does not differ from what expected in standard four-dimensional cosmological models. We then evaluate the spectrum of both light (ultrarelativistic) and heavy (nonrelativistic) massive modes, and find that, at high energies, there can be a strong enhancement of the Kaluza-Klein spectral amplitude, which can become dominant in the total spectrum. The presence of the dilaton, on the contrary, decrease the relative importance of the massive modes.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, Typos corrections
Last-passage time for linear diffusions and application to the emptying time of a box
Creators: name: Comtet, Alain
name: Cornu, Françoise
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the statistics of last-passage time for linear diffusions. First we present an elementary derivation of the Laplace transform of the probability density of the last-passage time, thus recovering known results from the mathematical literature. We then illustrate them on several explicit examples. In a second step we study the spectral properties of the Schrödinger operator associated to such diffusions in an even potential $U(x) = U(-x)$, unveiling the role played by the so-called Weyl coefficient. Indeed, in this case, our approach allows us to relate the last-passage times for dual diffusions (i.e., diffusions driven by opposite force fields) and to obtain new explicit formulae for the mean last-passage time. We further show that, for such even potentials, the small time $t$ expansion of the mean last-passage time on the interval $[0,t]$ involves the Korteveg-de Vries invariants, which are well known in the theory of Schrödinger operators. Finally, we apply these results to study the emptying time of a one-dimensional box, of size $L$, containing $N$ independent Brownian particles subjected to a constant drift. In the scaling limit where both $N \to \infty$ and $L \to \infty$, keeping the density $ρ= N/L$ fixed, we show that the limiting density of the emptying time is given by a Gumbel distribution. Our analysis provides a new example of the applications of extreme value statistics to out-of-equilibrium systems.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures
Process analysis for biphasic dehydration of xylose: effects of solvents on the purification of furfural
Creators: name: An, Jiwon
name: Lee, Geunjeong
name: Ha, Jeong-Myeong
name: Park, Myung-June
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A biphasic process for the conversion of the xylose that remains as a by-product after biomass fermentation into furfural was considered to maximize the economics of biomass-based fuel production. Widely used solvents such as toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone are toxic and environmentally unfriendly; therefore, 2-pentanone, which is one of the intermediates of the modeled process in this work, is suggested as an alternative. The amounts of the solvent that allowed 95% of the produced furfural to be recovered were determined, and the required numbers of trays in the solvent recovery column were calculated. In the production of nearly pure furfural, the process with 2-pentanone required a smaller number of trays than that with the other solvents, resulting in the lowest equipment costs and energy usage. In addition, because 2-pentanone can be converted into hydrocarbons during the downstream processes for biofuel production, the required purity for the furfural product in the separation column could be decreased, whereas the other solvents should be fully recovered so that they can be kept within the process. As the purity was decreased, the number of trays needed also decreased, indicating that the economics of the entire process could be improved through lower capital costs.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating the effectiveness of learning ear anatomy using holographic models
Creators: name: Gnanasegaram, Joshua J.
name: Leung, Regina
name: Beyea, Jason A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
An Unconditionally Stable Space-Time FE Method for the Korteweg-de Vries Equation
Creators: name: Valseth, Eirik
name: Dawson, Clint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65M60 35A35 35Q53 35L75

description: We introduce an unconditionally stable finite element (FE) method, the automatic variationally stable FE (AVS-FE) method for the numerical analysis of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The AVS-FE method is a Petrov-Galerkin method which employs the concept of optimal discontinuous test functions of the discontinuous Petrov- Galerkin (DPG) method. However, since AVS-FE method is a minimum residual method, we establish a global saddle point system instead of computing optimal test functions element-by-element. This system allows us to seek both the approximate solution of the KdV initial boundary value problem (IBVP) and a Riesz representer of the approximation error. The AVS-FE method distinguishes itself from other minimum residual methods by using globally continuous Hilbert spaces, such as H1, while at the same time using broken Hilbert spaces for the test. Consequently, the AVS-FE approximations are classical C0 continuous FE solutions. The unconditional stability of this method allows us to solve the KdV equation space and time without having to satisfy a CFL condition. We present several numerical verifications for both linear and nonlinear versions of the KdV equation leading to optimal convergence behavior. Finally, we present a numerical verification of adaptive mesh refinements in both space and time for the nonlinear KdV equation.
Participation of the Latino/Hispanic Population in the Food Stamp Program (FSP)
Creators: name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Tegegne, Fisseha
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Appleton, Nathaniel
name: Pearson, Lou
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Tegegne, Fisseha
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Appleton, Nathaniel
name: Pearson, Lou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The Hispanic population is growing rapidly in the U.S. generally and in the southern states particularly. This rapidly growing population is characterized by high poverty rates among children and the elderly compared to other races. The Hispanic population is also less educated, characterized by low income, lacks English language proficiency, and has a need for public assistance. Hispanic total and household participation in the FSP increased rapidly, especially in metro counties. The increase in participation is about three times that of the total population. Participation of Hispanic children in the program was also much higher than for adults. The growing Hispanic population with special needs and requirements and rising participation in the FSP will pose new challenges to food assistance administration to serve this group.
Introducing a New Spitzer Master BLISS Map to Remove the Instrument-Systematic -- Phase-Curve-Parameter Degeneracy, as Demonstrated by a Reanalysis of the 4.5$μm$ WASP-43b Phase Curve
Creators: name: May, Erin M.
name: Stevenson, Kevin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While Spitzer IRAC systematics are generally well understood, each data set can provide its own challenges that continue to teach us about the underlying functional form of these systematics. Multiple groups have analyzed the phase curves of WASP-43b with varying detrending techniques, each obtaining different results. In this work, we take another look at WASP-43b while exploring the degenerate relation between Bilinearly-Interpolated Subpixel Sensitivity (BLISS) mapping, point response function full width at half-maximum (PRF-FWHM) detrending, and phase curve parameters. We find that there is a strong correlation between the detrending parameters in the two models, and best fit phase curve amplitudes vary strongly when the data are temporally binned. To remove this degeneracy, we present a new Gaussian centroided intrapixel sensitivity map (hereafter fixed sensitivity map), generated using 3,712,830 exposures spanning 5 years, for a variety of aperture sizes at 4.5$μm$. We find evidence for time variability in the sensitivity at 3.6$μm$ and do not generate a visit-independent map for this channel. With the fixed 4.5 $μm$ intrapixel sensitivity map, the best fits for WASP-43b no longer vary strongly with bin size and PRF-FWHM detrending is no longer required to remove correlated noise. For data sets that do not fall completely within the sweet spot, temporal binning should not be used in the analysis of Spitzer phase curves. We confirm night side emission for WASP-43b with a disk integrated nightside temperature of 806 $\pm$ 48 K at 4.5$μm$. The 4.5$μm$ maps are available at \url{github.com/kevin218/POET}
description: Submitted to AAS journals. Updated with Referee Comments. 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Evidence of Class Transitions in GRS 1915+105 from IXAE Data
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
name: Nandi, A.
name: Choudhury, Asit
name: Chatterjee, Utpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRS 1915+105 shows at least twelve distinct classes of light curves. By analysing the data obtained from Indian X-ray Astronomy Experiment (IXAE) instrument aboard IRS-P3 satellite, we show that in at least two days, transitions between one class to another were observed. In these days the so-called $κ$ class went to $ρ$ class and $χ$ class went to $ρ$ class. In the frequency-time plane such transitions exhibited change in quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency. We could detect that low-frequency QPOs can occur in anticipation of a class transition several hundred minutes before the actual transition
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Do inquiry-based teaching and school climate influence science achievement and critical thinking? Evidence from PISA 2015
Creators: name: Gómez, Ricardo L.
name: Suárez, Ana María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary materials.
CHILEAN RUT ENCRYPTION USING FPE: A POC IN DATABRICKS
Creators: name: Aillapán, Gabriel
name: Lagos, Juan
name: Fenner, Julio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Format Preserving Encryption
Sensitive Data
Personal Data

description: The growth of large databases and repositories based on Big Data, such as Data Lakes, has led to various security challenges. One of the most significant issues is the privacy and protection of personal and sensitive data. There is an urgent need for organizations to adopt a culture of data encryption.

To safeguard this information, we propose a prototype that employs the technique of format-preserving encryption, executed within the Databricks distributed computing environment and applied to Chilean RUTs. This approach enables data encryption while preserving its original format, facilitating its use and analysis in Big Data environments.
DISTRIBUTION OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, CHILD LABOR AND POVERTY IN INDIA
Creators: name: Rahman, Tauhidur
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
name: Rahman, Tauhidur
name: Mittelhammer, Ronald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper contributes to the growing debate on regional economic inequality and polarization in India. The specific objectives of this paper are to: (1) analyze regional development disparities amongst various states in India to determine if they are on a convergent course; (2) analyze the evolution of regional inequalities amongst states with respect to a number of socioeconomic indicators and factors that have been suggested to affect the incidence of child labor; (3) investigate and test empirically whether polarization is taking place in Indian states; and (4) investigate whether regional indices of human development and child labor incidence follow similar patterns. Using a consistent data series and applying a number of recently developed measures, trends over the decades of 1961-1991 are documented. The results show that there is little evidence to suggest that any convergence of either the Ò or ã type is taking place amongst the states in India and while there has been no significant decrease in regional inequalities relating to human development, inequalities relating to child labor incidence have increased.
The mental health prognosis of offspring born of genocidal rape is influenced by family members, the community and their perceptions toward them.
Creators: name: NIYONSENGA, Japhet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The dataset composed of the sociodemographic characteristics of the purposive sample of 16 mother-offspring dyads is publicly accessible.  However, the verbatim quotes from the respondents were not shared because this kind of data contains potentially sensitive information considering the context of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda.
Purely cosmetic surgeries and pretzel knots
Creators: name: Stipsicz, András I.
name: Szabó, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50

description: We show that all pretzel knots satisfy the (purely) cosmetic surgery conjecture, i.e. Dehn surgeries with different slopes along a pretzel knot provide different oriented three-manifolds.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Spin-Flavor Decomposition in Polarized Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering Experiments at Jefferson Lab
Creators: name: Jiang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Jefferson Lab experiment proposal was discussed in this talk. The experiment is designed to measure the beam-target double-spin asymmetries $A_{1n}^h$ in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic $\vec n({\vec e}, e^\prime π^+)X$ and $\vec n({\vec e}, e^\prime π^-)X$ reactions on a longitudinally polarized $^3$He target. In addition to $A_{1n}^h$, the flavor non-singlet combination $A_{1n}^{π^+ - π^-}$, in which the gluons do not contribute, will be determined with high precision to extract $Δd_v(x)$ independent of the knowledge of the fragmentation functions. The data will also impose strong constraints on quark and gluon polarizations through a global NLO QCD fit.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the First Workshop on Quark-Hadron Duality and the Transition to pQCD, Frascati, Italy. June 6-8, 2005
Symplectic integrators for classical spin systems
Creators: name: Steinigeweg, Robin
name: Schmidt, Heinz-Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a numerical integration procedure for solving the equations of motion of certain classical spin systems which preserves the underlying symplectic structure of the phase space. Such symplectic integrators have been successfully utilized for other Hamiltonian systems, e. g. for molecular dynamics or non-linear wave equations. Our procedure rests on a decomposition of the spin Hamiltonian into a sum of two completely integrable Hamiltonians and on the corresponding Lie-Trotter decomposition of the time evolution operator. In order to make this method widely applicable we provide a large class of integrable spin systems whose time evolution consists of a sequence of rotations about fixed axes. We test the proposed symplectic integrator for small spin systems, including the model of a recently synthesized magnetic molecule, and compare the results for variants of different order.
Additional file 1 of A new method for the inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) into cacao seedlings under greenhouse conditions
Creators: name: Delgadillo-Durán, Paola
name: Soto-Suárez, Mauricio
name: Rodriguez-Polanco, Leonora
name: Carrero-Gutierrez, Martha
name: Torres-Rojas, Esperanza
name: Yockteng, Roxana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Percentage of plants infected in each inoculation assay. The numbers between parentheses represent the number of plants exhibiting symptoms at 48 h of inoculation per the total number of analysed plants.
Optimization and Study of the Enzymatic Aqueous Extraction of Coffee Beans and Its Residual Cake
Creators: name: Carvalho, Gabriel Ribeiro
name: Schiassi, Maria Cecília Evangelista Vasconcelos
name: de Oliveira, Érica Resende
name: Borges, Soraia Vilela
name: Menezes, Evandro Galvão Tavares
name: Bueno, Tainah Morais
name: Queiroz, Fabiana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Agroindustrial processes have increasingly focused on sustainability and pressing coffee beans generates a waste known as the residual cake. This study evaluated the effects of aqueous enzymatic extraction with carbohydrases applied in coffee bean and its residual cake. Optimized conditions for enzymatic extraction were 75 min, pH 4.5 and 49°C (CB); 51 min, pH 5.0 and 46 °C(RC). The extracts obtained from aqueous enzymatic extraction, when compared to their respective control groups, showed statistically significant increases in the extraction of caffeine (0.32 ± 0.02 and 0.73 ± 0.10 g/100 g for CB RC, respectively) phenolic compounds (3.06 ± 0.30 and 3.85 ± 0.51 g/100 g, for CB and RC, respectively), oil content and improved antioxidant activity by the DPPH and ABTS methods (184.1 ± 2.5 for CB and 153.6 ± 8.4 µmolTrolox/g for RC). These results also showed the potential of the residual cake as a raw material for the production of extracts rich in bioactive compounds and the use of clean technology.
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF TRANSGENIC RICE IN ASIA: A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH
Creators: name: Hareau, Guy Gaston
name: Norton, George W.
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Hareau, Guy Gaston
name: Norton, George W.
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Peterson, Everett B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A general equilibrium model is developed to analyze the welfare effects of transgenic technologies for both the irrigated and non-irrigated rice ecosystems in Asia. Drought resistance, a technology of particular importance to unfavorable environments, is worth as much as Bt rice, a technology of primary importance to favorable environments.
APPLICATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) SYSTEMS AND PROGRAMS (DEMING/JURAN/SIX SIGMA) TO LOWER INSTRUCTIONAL COST& INCREASE QUALITY OF SERVICE IN COLLEGES OF AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Nefstead, Ward E.
name: Gillard, Steve A.
name: Nefstead, Ward E.
name: Gillard, Steve A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: I. History of the TQM movement II. Nature of the Problem: Escalating Costs of Instruction and Reduced Revenue III. Use of Cause-Effect Analysis (Isikawa Diagrams) IV. DMAIC Analysis and Six Sigma V. Use of Computer Software in DMAIC and Six Sigma VI. Summary and Conclusions