cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dupilumab: A Review in Moderate to Severe Asthma
Creators: name: Deeks, Emma D.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards
 Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
 Conflicts of interest Emma Deeks is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no relevant conflicts of interest.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here
AbstractDupilumab (Dupixent®) is a fully human monoclonal antibody against the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor α subunit of IL-4 and IL-4/IL-13 receptor complexes. IL-4 and IL-13 are key cytokines in driving type 2 inflammation, a dominant and largely eosinophilic inflammatory pathway in asthma. Trials evaluating the efficacy of dupilumab in asthma include three pivotal, placebo-controlled, phase 3 or 2b trials of 24–52 weeks’ treatment duration in patients aged ≥ 12 years with moderate-to-severe asthma (inadequately controlled with medium-to-high dose inhaled corticosteroids) or severe asthma [dependent on oral corticosteroids (OCS) for control]. In these studies, adding subcutaneous dupilumab (200 or 300 mg every 2 weeks) to background therapy was generally well tolerated and reduced the rate of severe asthma exacerbations, improved lung function, as well as asthma control and, where specified, health-related quality of life (HR-QOL), and enabled OCS maintenance doses to be reduced without impacting asthma control. Dupilumab displayed efficacy across various patient subgroups, although those with heightened type 2 immune activity, including elevated eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide, tended to have a more prominent treatment benefit. Dupilumab is consequently widely indicated (and a valuable treatment option) as an add-on therapy in patients aged ≥ 12 years who have severe/moderate-to-severe asthma with a type 2 inflammation/eosinophilic phenotype despite conventional treatments or have OCS-dependent asthma.

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Controlling Style and Semantics in Weakly-Supervised Image Generation
Creators: name: Pavllo, Dario
name: Lucchi, Aurelien
name: Hofmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a weakly-supervised approach for conditional image generation of complex scenes where a user has fine control over objects appearing in the scene. We exploit sparse semantic maps to control object shapes and classes, as well as textual descriptions or attributes to control both local and global style. In order to condition our model on textual descriptions, we introduce a semantic attention module whose computational cost is independent of the image resolution. To further augment the controllability of the scene, we propose a two-step generation scheme that decomposes background and foreground. The label maps used to train our model are produced by a large-vocabulary object detector, which enables access to unlabeled data and provides structured instance information. In such a setting, we report better FID scores compared to fully-supervised settings where the model is trained on ground-truth semantic maps. We also showcase the ability of our model to manipulate a scene on complex datasets such as COCO and Visual Genome.
description: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2020, Spotlight. Code at https://github.com/dariopavllo/style-semantics
Heavy quark expansion parameters from lattice NRQCD
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Tsutsui, N.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Burkhalter, R.
name: Fukugita, M.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Ishikawa, K-I.
name: Ishizuka, N.
name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Kuramashi, Y.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Tominaga, S.
name: Ukawa, A.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Yoshié, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the lattice NRQCD action for heavy quark, we calculate the heavy quark expansion parameters $μ_π^2$ and $μ_G^2$ for heavy-light mesons and heavy-light-light baryons. The results are compared with the mass differences among heavy hadrons to test the validity of HQET relations on the lattice.
description: Lattice2001(heavyquark), 3 pages, 4 figures
Scalable Tools for High-throughput Viral Sequence Analysis
Creators: name: Hossain, A S Md Mukarram
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Phylodynamics
subject: Sequence alignment
subject: Viral subtyping
subject: HIV
subject: Pathogen genomics

description: Viral sequence data are increasingly being used to estimate evolutionary and epidemiological parameters to understand the dynamics of viral diseases. This thesis focuses on developing novel and improved computational methods for high-throughput analysis of large viral sequence datasets. I have developed a novel computational pipeline, Pipelign, to detect potentially unrelated sequences from groups of viral sequences during sequence alignment. Pipelign detected a large number of unrelated and mis-annotated sequences from several viral sequence datasets collected from GenBank. I subsequently developed ANVIL, a machine learning-based recombination detection and subtyping framework for pathogen sequences. ANVIL's performance was benchmarked using two large HIV datasets collected from the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database and the UK HIV Drug Resistance Database, as well as on simulated data. Finally, I present a computational pipeline named Phlow, for rapid phylodynamic inference of heterochronous pathogen sequence data. Phlow is implemented with specialised and published analysis tools to infer important phylodynamic parameters from large datasets. Phlow was run with three empirical viral datasets and their outputs were compared with published results. These results show that Phlow is suitable for high-throughput exploratory phylodynamic analysis of large viral datasets. When combined, these three novel computational tools offer a comprehensive system for large scale viral sequence analysis addressing three important aspects: 1) establishing accurate evolutionary history, 2) recombination detection and subtyping, and 3) inferring phylodynamic history from heterochronous sequence datasets.
The Distributional Impacts of Food Security Policies in Indonesia: Results from a Stochastic Simulation Model of the Agricultural Sector
Creators: name: Tyers, Rodney
name: Dixon, John A.
name: Rachman, Anas
name: Tyers, Rodney
name: Dixon, John A.
name: Rachman, Anas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty

description: In the past 15 years, the Indonesian economy has grown rapidly, and, since 1973- 1974, increased oil revenues have reduced foreign exchange constraints and allowed rapid increases in capital and consumer goods imports. Despite growth in the industrial sector, the subsistence oriented farm sector is still the largest employer in the country. About 80 percent of the present population of 150 million live in rural areas. The food security of both the urban and rural populations has been a prime goal of the government. It has been achieved principally through the regulation of the domestic rice market by the National Logistics Agency (BULOG), the total cost of which fluctuates considerably from year to year, depending on world price movements and domestic production performance. The prospect that domestic energy demand may erode oil export revenues suggests that food policies which focus less on the level and stability of rice prices need to be evaluated. Since food consumption patterns and preferences differ markedly between income groups, changes in policies affecting relative rice prices have different impacts on the quality and stability of the food intake within each group. This paper describes results from a stochastic simulation model which disaggregates consumers into two urban and two rural income groups, and food production and consumption into five staple food crops. Results from the model support the hypothesis that higher and less stable rice prices would have their most deleterious impact on the urban poor; however, less severe regulation of the domestic rice market is shown to lead to significant increases in the food risk faced by all groups.
Results of a Promotional Campaign for Lamb in Sacramento, Calif.
Creators: name: Grubbs, V. Davis
name: Clement, Wendell E.
name: Hunter, J. Scott
name: Grubbs, V. Davis
name: Clement, Wendell E.
name: Hunter, J. Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: The American Sheep Producers ' Council sponsored an intensive lamb promotional campaign in Sacramento, Calif., in the spring of 1956. The program included advertising by newspapers, radio, and television, and in-store promotion. To assist the industry in evaluating the effects of this promotional effort, the Department of Agriculture conducted retail store audits before, during, and immediately after this campaign. Market surveys also were used to obtain information directly from consumers, to be used in determining the effect of the promotion. This report is based on the results of the two phases of study.
Protecting points from operator pencils
Creators: name: Seelmann, Albrecht
name: Täufer, Matthias
name: Veselić, Krešimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A56 (Primary) 47A10 47B15 (Secondary)

description: We classify all sets of the form $\bigcup_{t\in\mathbb{R}}\mathrm{spec}(A+tB)$ where $A$ and $B$ are self-adjoint operators and $B$ is bounded, non-negative, and non-zero. We show that these sets are exactly the complements of discrete subsets of $\mathbb{R}$, that is, of at most countable subsets of $\mathbb{R}$ that contain none of their accumulation points.
description: 6 pages; a counterexample for sign-indefinite perturbations and some references have been added, some editorial changes
Nucleon Polarizabilities from Low-Energy Compton Scattering
Creators: name: Beane, S. R.
name: Malheiro, M.
name: McGovern, J. A.
name: Phillips, D. R.
name: van Kolck, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective field theory is used to give a model-independent description of Compton scattering at energies comparable to the pion mass. The amplitudes for scattering on the proton and the deuteron, calculated to fourth order in small momenta in chiral perturbation theory, contain four undetermined parameters that are in one-to-one correspondence with the nucleon polarizabilities. These polarizabilities are extracted from fits to data on elastic photon scattering on hydrogen and deuterium. For the proton we find: alpha_p = 12.1 +/- 1.1 +/- 0.5, beta_p = 3.4 +/- 1.1 +/- 0.1, both in units of 10^{-4} fm^3. For the isoscalar polarizabilities we obtain: alpha_N = 13.0 +/- 1.9 +3.9/-1.5 (in the same units) while beta_N is consistent with zero, within sizeable error bars.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, uses revtex4, epsf. Replacement reflects version published in Physics Letters B. However, it also corrects incorrect results for the isoscalar polarizabilities that are present in both the previous archive and published versions. The results for the proton polarizabilities are unchanged
Tillicera Spinola 1841
Creators: name: Gerstmeier, Roland
name: Bernhard, Nadine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Tillicera

description: Tillicera Spinola, 1841
 Type species: Tillicera javana Spinola, 1844
Spinola 1841: 73; Spinola 1844: 157; Lacordaire 1857: 440; Desmarest, in Chenu 1860: 241; Schenkling 1903: 26, 37.
 Body: Stout, compact, length 6–16mm.
 Head: Head including eyes not conspicuously broader than pronotum; eyes margined, protruding laterally, finely facetted, separated by more than one eye width, emarginate proximal to antennal base; labrum bilobed; terminal maxillary palpomeres digitiform; terminal labial palpomeres securiform; head from posterior margin of eyes towards lower part with fine longitudinal rugosity; antennae 11-segmented, basal funicular antennomeres filiform, antennomeres from A4 to A7 onwards (though most often from A5) triangularly dilated, A2 shorter than A3, A10 mostly broader than long or nearly as wide as long. Gular sutures apically divergent, gular process narrow (not bilobed).
 Thorax: Procoxal cavities open behind; pro-intercoxal process narrow, linear, slightly dilated distally; pronotum almost always longer than broad (except T. callosa n. sp., T. michaeli n. sp.), broadest in middle or just behind middle; anterior surface of mesepisternum transversely wrinkled, postero-laterally punctate or coarsely wrinkled, smooth towards middle; anterior mesosternal process present, forming a triangular bulge; posterior meso-intercoxal process stout, depressed or more or less conspicuously erect; scutellum circular.
 Elytra: Elongate, subparallel, almost two times longer than broad; each elytron with ten rows of coarse punctures; elytral base not margined; scutellum more or less circular.
 Legs: Short; tibiae with (each on the inner and outer faces) or without longitudinal carina; tarsi pentamerous; tarsal pulvillar formula 4-4-2; tibial spur formula 1-2-2; pretarsal claws unipartite, with basal denticles.
 Aedeagus: With the exception of Tillicera tonkinensis, all investigated species show tooth-like or hookshaped structures at parameres.
 Important differential character for the separation of Tillicera from similar genera is the tarsal pulvillar formula: Clerus 4-3-2, Thanasimus 4-4-3, Omadius 4-1-1 and Hemitrachys 4-2-2. A revision of the ‘ Tillicera group’ of genera is in preparation.
description: Published as part of Gerstmeier, Roland & Bernhard, Nadine, 2010, Revision of the genus Tillicera Spinola, 1841 (Coleoptera: Cleridae, Clerinae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 2359 (1) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5308760
Blood Nerve Permeability of Proximal Nerve Segments in Inflammatory Neuropathies
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Edrich Joseph
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 320905
subject: Neurology and neuromuscular diseases
classificationCode: 320206
subject: Diagnostic radiography

description: This thesis examines if changes of permeability at the blood nerve interface can be used to diagnose and monitor inflammatory neuropathies
EDUCATION IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, EFFICIBNCY, AND DEVELOPMENT: THE NEPALESE CASE
Creators: name: Pudasaini, Som P.
name: Pudasaini, Som P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance
International Development

description: Nepalese agricultural productivity growth has been very low for a long time. An important reason is the low level of technological innovation and lack of substantial investment in the development of human capital (Schultz, 1964). Education makes a substantial contribution to agricultural productivity in areas of changing technology (Nelson and Phelps; and Schultz, 1975) and contributes to productivity through the worker and allocative effectsl (Welch). This paper studies the main agricultural and educational characteristics of modernizing and traditional regions of Nepal to determine the factors responsible for differences in the levels of technological innovation, education, and extension between the regions; examines whether there is a relationship between education and factors such as farm income or modern input use; investigates whether education contributes to farm productivity through the worker, allocative, or both effects in the two types of areas; tests whether education makes a substantially higher contribution to output in the technolgically dynamic environment than in the traditional area; determines whether education and extension are substitutes in the farm decisionmaking process; and tests whether the educated farmers attain higher economic efficiency than the illiterates.
Preferential Acceleration of Coherent Magnetic Structures and Bursty Bulk Flows in Earth's Magnetotail
Creators: name: Chang, Tom
name: Wu, Cheng-chin
name: Angelopoulos, Vassilis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations indicate that the magnetotail convection is turbulent and bi-modal, consisting of fast bursty bulk flows (BBF) and a nearly stagnant background. We demonstrate that this observed phenomenon may be understood in terms of the intermittent interactions, dynamic mergings and preferential accelerations of coherent magnetic structures under the influence of a background magnetic field geometry that is consistent with the development of an X-point mean-field structure.
description: 12 pages, 5 Postscript figures, uses agums.sty
Tillicera assamensis - 2010, incertae sedis
Creators: name: Gerstmeier, Roland
name: Bernhard, Nadine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Tillicera
Tillicera assamensis

description: Tillicera assamensis (Stebbing, 1907) - incertae sedis
(Fig. 18)
 Thanasimus assamensis Stebbing 1907: 30, plate 5, fig. 7; Stebbing 1914: 187, 486, fig. 319.
No type material or other specimens were available, the description is based on the original literature (Stebbing 1907).
 Length: 6.5mm
 Head: Black, glossy; frons with dense, long, white hairs; vertex with a few scattered black bristles.
 Antennae: Yellow, clubbed.
 Pronotum: Red, glossy; with stiff, scattered, black bristles, a “bunch” of white bristles projecting from the lateral margin just above the base.
 Elytra: Black, with two reddish-yellow transverse fasciae vested with dense white pubescence, white posterior transverse fascia narrower; apex black, with few white hairs.
 Ventral surface: Black; thorax clothed with long thick white hairs.
 Legs: Black, basal part of femora yellow, with long yellow and white hairs.
 Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Gerstmeier, Roland & Bernhard, Nadine, 2010, Revision of the genus Tillicera Spinola, 1841 (Coleoptera: Cleridae, Clerinae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 2359 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5308760
Controlling distant contacts to reduce disease spreading on disordered complex networks
Creators: name: Perez, Ignacio A.
name: Trunfio, Paul A.
name: La Rocca, Cristian E.
name: Braunstein, Lidia A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In real social networks, person-to-person interactions are known to be heterogeneous, which can affect the way a disease spreads through a population, reaches a tipping point in the fraction of infected individuals, and becomes an epidemic. This property, called disorder, is usually associated with contact times between individuals and can be modeled by a weighted network, where the weights are related to normalized contact times $ω$. In this paper, we study the SIR model for disease spreading when both close and distant types of interactions are present. We develop a mitigation strategy that reduces only the time duration of distant contacts, which are easier to alter in practice. Using branching theory, supported by simulations, we found that the effectiveness of the strategy increases when the density $f_1$ of close contacts decreases. Moreover, we found a threshold $\tilde{f}_1 = T_c / β$ below which the strategy can bring the system from an epidemic to a non-epidemic phase, even when close contacts have the longest time durations.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures
Towards understanding the mechanisms behind mRNA localisation in growing axons
Creators: name: Turner-Bridger, Benita
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: mRNA localization
neuron
RNA trafficking
neural development
axon

description: During embryonic nervous system assembly, mRNA localisation is precisely regulated in growing axons, affording subcellular autonomy by allowing controlled protein expression in space and time. Different sets of mRNAs exhibit different localisation patterns across the axon. Little is known, however, about how mRNAs move in axons, or how these patterns are generated. Here, I develop a method for live single molecule imaging of identified endogenous mRNA within Xenopus laevis retinal ganglion cell axons using molecular beacon technology coupled with highly inclined and laminated optical sheet (HILO) microscopy. By combining quantitative single molecule imaging with biophysical motion models, I show that β-actin mRNA travels mainly as single copies, and exhibits different motion type frequencies in different axonal sub-compartments. I find that β-actin mRNA density is four-fold enriched in the growth cone central domain compared to the axon shaft and that a modicum of directed transport is vital for delivery of mRNA to the axon tip. Through mathematical modelling it is further demonstrated that directional differences in motor-driven mRNA transport speeds are sufficient to generate β-actin mRNA enrichment at the growth cone. Distinctive features within the mRNA have been shown to drive localisation and subsequently translation at specified subcellular regions through recognition by different RNA binding proteins. I employed fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in a screen to investigate whether short sequence motifs that were common to axonally translated mRNAs are sufficient to promote axonal translation. I further use this technique to show that the 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs) of two alternative isoforms of the Acot7 gene generate stark differences in local translation within growing axons. Through in situ hybridization, I demonstrate that these translational profiles result from differences in axonal mRNA localisation. Finally, I probe the relative structural and sequence requirements necessary for 5’UTR mediated axonal Acot7 mRNA localisation. Together, these results provide insight into the intrinsic mRNA features necessary for axonal localisation and the subsequent trafficking mechanisms that drive mRNA enrichment to the axon tip of neurons during development.
description: Wellcome Trust PhD Programme in Developmental Biology
title: MusE GAs FLOw and Wind V. The dust/metallicity-anisotropy of the circum-galactic medium
Creators: name: Wendt, Martin
name: Bouche, Nicolas F.
name: Zabl, Johannes
name: Schroetter, Ilane
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate whether the dust content of the circum-galactic medium (CGM) depends on the location of the quasar sightline with respect to the galaxy major-axis using 13 galaxy-Mg II absorber pairs (9-81 kpc distance) from the MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) survey at 0.4 < z < 1.4. The dust content of the CGM is obtained from [Zn/Fe] using ultraviolet and visual echelle spectrograph data. When a direct measurement of [Zn/Fe] is unavailable, we estimate the dust depletion from a method that consists in solving for the depletion from multiple singly ionized ions (e.g. Mn II, Cr II, and Zn II) since each ion depletes on dust grains at different rates. We find a positive correlation between the azimuthal angle and [Zn/Fe] with a Pearson's gamma = 0.70 +/- 0.14. The sightlines along the major axis show [Zn/Fe] < 0.5, whereas the [Zn/Fe] is > 0.8 along the minor axis. These results suggest that the CGM along the minor axis is on average more metal enriched (by approximate to 1 dex) than the gas located along the major axis of galaxies provided that dust depletion is a proxy for metallicity. This anisotropic distribution is consistent with recent results on outflow and accretion in hydro-dynamical simulations.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1466
Investigating Cerebral Function in Neonates Using Diffuse Optical Tomography
Creators: name: Lee, Chuen Wai
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: neonate
newborn
optics
near-infrared spectroscopy
functional imaging
resting state networks
sleep state
brain injury
optical tomography

description: Developing techniques to monitor cerebral function is becoming increasingly recognised as a way forward to detect and understand brain injury in patients. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a promising imaging technique that is non-invasive, portable and relatively simple to operate. In this thesis, I describe the development and design of DOT headgear for neonates and subsequently apply this in neonatal studies of cerebral function. Firstly, the DOT headgear was applied to healthy neonates to investigate the early stages of vocal specialisation. In this functional activation study, the cerebral haemodynamic changes observed in response to vocal and non-vocal stimuli are presented in Chapter 6. In recent years, the study of spontaneous cerebral activity that gives rise to resting state networks (RSNs) is becoming widely popular. These studies rely on infants to remain asleep to minimise subject motion and optimise data quality. Using DOT combined with electroencephalography (EEG), the effect of sleep state on RSNs was studied for the first time in healthy neonates with compelling results that are presented in Chapter 7. In the context of sleep state and RSNs, combined DOT-EEG was also applied to neurologically compromised patients in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The results of this case-based study are presented in Chapter 8. These studies demonstrate the potential clinical use of DOT in neonates to evaluate cerebral function. In completion of this thesis, the implications of the results and findings from the studies are discussed and future directions explored.
description: Funding from MRC Clinical Research Training Fellowship (MR/L017490/1, Sept 2014 – Oct 2016) and Evelyn Trust Research Training Fellowship in Perinatal Neuroscience (09/26 2013 RTF, Sept 2013 – Aug 2014).
Depletion of a Ground Water Source: The Role of Irrigation Technology Adoption
Creators: name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Segarra, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Under irrigated conditions agricultural producers are expected to adjust their crop patterns, irrigation systems, and production practices as ground water tables decline and irrigation costs increase. This study provides insight into the efficient path of irrigation technology adoption and the implications associated with this process. It is shown that: (a) the efficient crop pattern is related to the ground water supply condition; (b) declines in the proportion of high water requirement crops produced are rapid with high pumping lift and thin saturated thickness; and (c) declines in saturated thickness appear to have a greater impact on crop pattern and irrigated acreage than do increases in pumping lift. Furthermore, it is shown that the adoption rate of advanced irrigation systems is expected to be higher the more abundant is the ground water source.
Black hole magnetospheres in the Born-Infeld theory
Creators: name: Li, Huiquan
name: Wang, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the force-free electrodynamics on rotating black holes in the Born-Infeld (BI) effective theory. The stream equation describing a steady and axisymmetric magnetosphere is derived. From its near-horizon behavior, we obtain the modified Znajek regularity condition, with which we find that the horizon resistivity in the BI theory is generally not a constant. As expected, the outer boundary condition far away from the hole remains unchanged. In terms of the conditions at both boundaries, we derive the perturbative solution of split monopole in the slow rotation limit. It is interesting to realise that the correction to the solution relies not only on the parameter in the BI theory, but also on the radius (or the mass) of the hole. We also show that the quantum effects can undermine the energy extraction process of the magnetosphere in the non-linear theory and the extraction rate gets the maximum in the Maxwell theory.
description: 14 pages
Deuterium fractionation on interstellar grains studied with modified rate equations and a Monte Carlo approach
Creators: name: Caselli, Paola
name: Stantcheva, Tatiana
name: Shalabiea, Osama
name: Shematovich, Valery I.
name: Herbst, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of singly and doubly deuterated isotopomers of formaldehyde and of singly, doubly, and multiply deuterated isotopomers of methanol on interstellar grain surfaces has been studied with a semi-empirical modified rate approach and a Monte Carlo method in the temperature range 10-20 K. Agreement between the results of the two methods is satisfactory for all major and many minor species throughout this range. If gas-phase fractionation can produce a high abundance of atomic deuterium, which then accretes onto grain surfaces, diffusive surface chemistry can produce large abundances of deuterated species, especially at low temperatures and high gas densities. Warming temperatures will then permit these surface species to evaporate into the gas, where they will remain abundant for a considerable period. We calculate that the doubly deuterated molecules CHD2OH and CH2DOD are particularly abundant and should be searched for in the gas phase of protostellar sources. For example, at 10 K and high density, these species can achieve up to 10-20% of the abundance of methanol.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures, Planetary and Space Science, in press
Tillicera callosa Gerstmeier & Bernhard 2010, n. sp.
Creators: name: Gerstmeier, Roland
name: Bernhard, Nadine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cleridae
Tillicera
Tillicera callosa

description: Tillicera callosa Gerstmeier & Bernhard n. sp.
(Figs. 4, 25)
 Holotype: ♀. India, West Bengalen, Distr. Darjeeling, Kurseong, Rapesing, 1400 m, 13.8.1996, leg. N. Dangal (RGCM).
 Length: 9mm (1 specimen).
 Collecting period: August.
 Head: Black, glossy, anterior part of clypeus, labrum and palpi brown, posterior part of clypeus black; distributed with fine and diffuse punctation; cranium vested with erect, pale and dark setae; head including eyes slightly broader than anterior width of pronotum.
 Antennae: Dark brown to black, vested with depressed, short, dark setae; antennomeres triangularly dilated from A5 onwards, A10 approximately as long as wide.
 Pronotum: Red-brown to brown; surface finely and densely punctate; vested with anteriorly directed erect, predominantly dark and shorter, depressed, pale setae; length:width ratio 0.96:1 (broadest in middle).
 Scutellum: Brown, finely punctate, vested with pale setae.
 Elytra: Black, with two broad, pale pigmented transverse fasciae in middle and apical third, with dense, depressed, pale setae; humeral callous present; basal third regularly and deeply punctate in rows towards posterior fascia, diameter of punctures broader than interstices, apex densely and finely punctate; basal region with long, erect, dark setae, central region with semi-decumbent, posteriorly directed, short, dark setae, apex with longer, pale setae; length:width ratio 2.03:1.
 Legs: Dark brown to black, meso- and metafemora basally paler, with dense, pale, erect setae; tibiae without carinae.
 Ventral surface: Abdomen dark brown to black, thorax brown, with dense, depressed, pale setae.
 Distribution: India.
 Etymology: The trivial name callosa is a Latin adjective; we refer to the characteristic elytral humeral callosity.
  Differential diagnosis to T. michaeli:  The new species is similar to T. michaeli n. sp., but the vestiture of T. michaeli is more strongly golden and glossy than in T. callosa n. sp.; the transverse fasciae are pigmented pale in T. callosa n. sp., not in T. michaeli n. sp.
description: Published as part of Gerstmeier, Roland & Bernhard, Nadine, 2010, Revision of the genus Tillicera Spinola, 1841 (Coleoptera: Cleridae, Clerinae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 2359 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2359.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5308760
Variable Rate Deep Image Compression with Modulated Autoencoder
Creators: name: Yang, Fei
name: Herranz, Luis
name: van de Weijer, Joost
name: Guitián, José A. Iglesias
name: López, Antonio
name: Mozerov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variable rate is a requirement for flexible and adaptable image and video compression. However, deep image compression methods are optimized for a single fixed rate-distortion tradeoff. While this can be addressed by training multiple models for different tradeoffs, the memory requirements increase proportionally to the number of models. Scaling the bottleneck representation of a shared autoencoder can provide variable rate compression with a single shared autoencoder. However, the R-D performance using this simple mechanism degrades in low bitrates, and also shrinks the effective range of bit rates. Addressing these limitations, we formulate the problem of variable rate-distortion optimization for deep image compression, and propose modulated autoencoders (MAEs), where the representations of a shared autoencoder are adapted to the specific rate-distortion tradeoff via a modulation network. Jointly training this modulated autoencoder and modulation network provides an effective way to navigate the R-D operational curve. Our experiments show that the proposed method can achieve almost the same R-D performance of independent models with significantly fewer parameters.
description: Published as a journal paper in IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Data Stewardship an der HSLU
Creators: name: Streitenberger, Martha
name: Trautwein, Clemens
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern
Year: 2025

description: Was ein Open Science Ambassador Netzwerk für nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement leisten kann

Diese Präsentation wurde im Rahmen der Love Data Week Switzerland vorgestellt.

Erfahren Sie mehr über die neuen Initiativen der HSLU zur Unterstützung der Forschenden im Bereich Open Science und Forschungsdatenmanagement. Im Rahmen der Veranstaltung stellen wir Ihnen vor:

Die neue Open Science Policy der HSLU und ihre Bedeutung für Forschende.

Das Open Science Ambassador Programm: wir lancieren ein Peer-to-Peer Netzwerk unter Forschenden der HSLU zur aktiven Förderung von Offenheit und Transparenz in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung.

Das neue Infoportal Data Stewardship, Ihr zentraler Zugangspunkt für Ressourcen, Leitfäden und Schulungsangebote rund um Forschungsdatenmanagement und Open Research Data.

Die Initiativen wurden im Rahmen des von swissuniversities und der digitalen Agenda 2030 geförderten Projektes "Data Stewardship HSLU" erarbeitet.
Implications Regarding the Energetics Of the Collisional Formation of Kuiper Belt Satellites
Creators: name: Stern, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been discovered that at least 1% of Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) are accompanied by large satellites. Here we examine the energetics of KBO satellite formation via collisions, finding collisions require a dynamically excited Kuiper Belt. Further, even under optimistic assumptions (including perfect accretion of the satellites), we find that collisional processes cannot make KBO satellites at the observed frequency of occurrence unless KBO projectiles large enough to generate the observed satellites were \~40 times more numerous in the ancient past, resulting in an increased collision rate with sufficiently large projectiles, or unless the fraction of impact energy estimated to be imparted to ejecta is of order unity. Neither alternative is very palatable. However, an easier to accept alternative also exists: KBO primary and/or KBO satellite surface albedos presently be underestimated by making the canonical assumption of 4% surface albedos; specifically, surface albedos of KBO primaries and/or their satellites could be in the neighborhood of 15% (or higher). This would reduce KBO primary and/or satellite sizes and masses, thereby in turn reducing the required size of the impacting projectiles required to generate KBO satellites, which in turn would increase the impact rate with sufficiently large projectiles to values in line with the observed fraction of KBOs with large satellites. This proposition is expected to be easily testable with by SIRTF and by other means in the next 2 to 3 years.
The Impact of EC Nitrogen Taxes on Agricultural Competitiveness and Welfar: Simulations with the World Trade Model TEPSIM
Creators: name: Hartmann, Monika
name: Hartmann, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: In this paper the attempt is made to estimate the trade and welfare effects of nitrogen taxes in the European Community. The world trade simulation model TEPSIM was developed for this purpose. TEPSIM differs from conventional agricultural trade models in that it is not limited to agricultural output markets but explicitly considers 12 agricultural inputs. Thus, the model is not only suitable for the simulation of environmental policies in agriculture but also gives valuable insights into the intensification and specialization effects of current agricultural policy reforms. The results of the study reveal that the implementation of nitrogen taxes in the EC would lead to a loss in comparative advantage for agriculture in Europe. At the same time this policy would induce conventional welfare gains in the EC if the tax level did not exceed 44 percent. However, at that tax level the relative change in mineral nitrogen demand would be very low ( 13.5 percent). Higher nitrogen taxes, on the other hand, would induce net welfare losses in the Community. While these losses would increase exponentially with the tax rate, the decline in nitrogen use is not even linear. Thus, the implementation of extreme taxes would have high economic costs without inducing profound improvements in the ecological area.
Decoding Lysine-11 Signals in Ubiquitination
Creators: name: Grice, Guinevere
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ubiquitin
Proteasome
Hypoxia
HIF
Hypoxia Inducible Factors
PHD
Lysine 11
Prolyl hydroxylation
Mitophagy
V-ATPase
OGDH
LIAS
L2HG

description: The diverse outcomes of ubiquitination primarily relate to the flexibility of ubiquitin in forming homo- or heterotypic chains on each of its seven lysine residues which in turn stimulate distinct downstream signaling pathways. These ubiquitin signals must be selectively initiated on the substrate protein and subsequently decoded to facilitate the desired cellular function. These initiation and decoding steps often involve additional post-translational modifications and ubiquitin receptor proteins, but the enzymes and ubiquitin chains involved for many ubiquitinated substrates are not clear. Here, I have explored the initiation and decoding of ubiquitin signals, focusing on lysine-11 (K11) linked polyubiquitin chains and their role in protein degradation. I established in vitro assays to understand how K11-chains are decoded and whether these chains act as a signal for proteasome-mediated degradation. Pure homotypic K11-chains did not bind the proteasome or its associated ubiquitin binding proteins, but did bind to the mitophagy ubiquitin receptors, MyosinVI and TAX1BP1. Heterotypic K11/K48 linkages not only bound the proteasome but also stimulated degradation of the cell cycle substrate, cyclin B1. To further explore the functions of K11-chains I focused on the hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF) pathway, as K11-ubiquitination had been implicated in proteasome-independent degradation of the transcription factor. I established an in vitro assay to initiate HIF ubiquitination, via prolyl hydroxylation, and determine the type of ubiquitin chains involved. Recombinant HIF isoforms were rapidly hydroxylated when incubated with cell extracts. Moreover, the levels of iron and small molecule metabolites within the lysates regulated HIF hydroxylation. However, this hydroxylation was insufficient to reproducibly promote HIF ubiquitination or determine the ubiquitin chains involved. While the nature of the polyubiquitin chains formed in the HIF pathway remain elusive, my studies identify distinct roles for homotypic and heterotypic K11-polyubiquitination in proteasome-mediated degradation.
Exploration of sea quark effects in two-flavor QCD with the O(a)-improved Wilson quark action
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Aoki, S.
name: Burkhalter, R.
name: Fukugita, M.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Ishikawa, K-I.
name: Ishizuka, N.
name: Iwasaki, Y.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Kuramashi, Y.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Tominaga, S.
name: Tsutsui, N.
name: Ukawa, A.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Yoshie, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore sea quark effects in the light hadron mass spectrum in a simulation of two-flavor QCD using the nonperturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson fermion action. In order to identify finite-size effects, light meson masses are measured on 12^3x48, 16^3x48 and 20^3x48 lattices with a~0.1 fm. On the largest lattice, where the finite-size effect is negligible, we find a significant increase of the strange vector meson mass compared to the quenched approximation. We also investigate the quark mass dependence of pseudoscalar meson masses and decay constants and test the consistency with (partially quenched) chiral perturbation theory.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, Lattice2001(spectrum)
Multifunctional Composites for Elastic and Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
Creators: name: Kim, Jaeuk
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composites are ideally suited to achieve desirable multifunctional effective properties since the best properties of different materials can be judiciously combined with designed microstructures. Here we establish cross-property relations for two-phase composite media that link effective elastic and electromagnetic wave characteristics to one another, including the respective effective wave speeds and attenuation coefficients, which facilitate multifunctional material design. This is achieved by deriving accurate formulas for the effective electromagnetic and elastodynamic properties that depend on the wavelengths of the incident waves and the microstructure via the spectral density. Our formulas enable us to explore the wave characteristics of a broad class of disordered microstructures because they apply, unlike conventional formulas, for a wide range of incident wavelengths, i.e., well beyond the long-wavelength regime. This capability enables us to study the dynamic properties of exotic disordered ``hyperuniform'' composites that can have advantages over crystalline ones, such as nearly optimal, direction-independent properties and robustness against defects. We specifically show that disordered ``stealthy'' hyperuniform microstructures exhibit novel wave characteristics, e.g., low-pass filters that transmit waves ``isotropically'' up to a finite wavenumber. Our cross-property relations for the effective wave characteristics can be applied to design multifunctional composites via inverse techniques. Design examples include structural components that require high stiffness and electromagnetic absorption, heat-sinks for CPUs, and sound-absorbing housings for motors that have to efficiently emit thermal radiation and suppress mechanical vibrations, and nondestructive evaluation of the elastic moduli of materials from the effective dielectric response.
description: 11 pages and 5 figures; one supplementary information; considerable revisions are made
Supplementary Material from The effects of anthropogenic noise on animals: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Hansjoerg P. Kunc
name: Schmidt, Rouven
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Anthropogenic noise has become a major global pollutant and studies have shown that noise can affect animals. However, such single studies cannot provide holistic quantitative assessments on the potential effects of noise across species. Using a multi-level phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis, we provide the first holistic quantitative analysis on the effects of anthropogenic noise. We found that noise affects many species of amphibians, arthropods, birds, fish mammals, molluscs and reptilians. Interestingly, phylogeny contributes only little to the variation in response to noise. Thus, the effects of anthropogenic noise can be explained by the majority of species responding to noise rather than a few species being particularly sensitive to noise. Consequently, anthropogenic noise must be considered as a serious form of environmental change and pollution as it affects both aquatic and terrestrial species. Our analyses provide the quantitative evidence necessary for legislative bodies to regulate this environmental stressor more effectively.
Economic Analysis of Best Management Practices in a Pilot Cost-Sharing Water Quality Program
Creators: name: Sun, Henglun
name: Houston, Jack
name: Sun, Henglun
name: Houston, Jack
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Productivity Analysis

description: Simulated crop growth and nonpoint pollution yields under stochastic weather conditions generated farmers' expected net returns and the environmental effects of implementing 'Best Management Practices' (BMPs) under risky and uncertain conditions. Results from varying nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation management levels over a growing season show that, for production-optimal levels of nitrogen fertilization and irrigation without regard to pollution, nitrogen leaching is more serious, but soil loss and nitrogen runoff are lower, than for other scenarios tested. Voluntary implementation of BMPs to reduce levels of inputs and decrease water quality impacts would require substantial cost-sharing incentives. Farmers favour a cost-sharing program, with 87 percent willing to participate when government's costshare is at the 80 percent level. When tight budgets restrict implementation of stricter pollution targets, a 20 percent cost-sharing would induce 27 percent of the farmers surveyed to voluntarily select BMPs.