cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bases for cluster algebras from surfaces
Creators: name: Musiker, Gregg
name: Schiffler, Ralf
name: Williams, Lauren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F60, 05C70, 05E15

description: We construct two bases for each cluster algebra coming from a triangulated surface without punctures. We work in the context of a coefficient system coming from a full-rank exchange matrix, for example, principal coefficients.
description: 53 pages; v2 references updated
Stigma impedes AIDS prevention
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Salim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: Thirty years since the first cases of AIDS were described, there is much to celebrate regarding progress in the treatment and prevention of the disease. Within the past year alone, several studies have revealed that antiretroviral drugs can prevent the sexual transmission of HIV. Yet worldwide, many people who are potentially exposed to the virus avoid finding out whether they carry it, or deny that they are at risk of contracting it. Unless people establish whether they are infected, they will not be able to be adopt the most appropriate preventive measures. As scientists and clinicians, our ability to overcome this denialism will determine whether we ultimately succeed in using combinations of all the preventive and therapeutic tools now available to slow, and eventually stop, the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
A novel high-speed stereo-vision system for real-time position sensing
Creators: name: Rao, Niankun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Real-time position sensing has a wide range of applications in motion control systems, parts inspection and general metrology. Vision-based position sensing systems have signiﬁcant advantages over other sensing methods, including large measurement volume, non-contact sensing, and simultaneous mea- surement in multiple degrees-of-freedom (DOF). Existing vision-based position sensing solutions are limited by low sampling frequency and low position accuracy. This thesis presents the theory, design, implementation and calibration of a new high-speed stereo-vision camera system for real-time position sensing based on CMOS image sensors. By reading small regions around each target image rather than the full frame data of the sensor, the frame rate and image processing speed are vastly increased. A high speed camera interface is designed based on Camera Link technology, which allows a maximum continuous data throughput of 2.3Gbps. In addition, this stereo-vision system also includes ﬁxed pattern noise (FPN) correction, threshold processing, and sub-pixel target position interpolation. In order to achieve high position accuracy, this system is calibrated to determine its model parame- ters. The primary error sources in this system include target image noise, mechanical installation error and lens distortion. The image sensor is characterized, and its FPN data is extracted, by experiment. The mechanical installation error and lens distortion parameters are identiﬁed through camera cali- bration. The proposed camera calibration method uses the 3D position reconstruction error as its cost function in the iterative optimization. The optimization of linear and nonlinear parameters is decoupled. By these means, better estimation of model parameters is achieved. To verify the performance of the proposed calibration method, it is compared with a traditional single camera calibration method in sim- ulation and experiment. The results show that the proposed calibration method gives better parameter estimation than the traditional single camera calibration method. The experimental results indicate that the prototype system is capable of measuring 8 targets in 3- DOF at a sampling frequency of 8kHz. Comparison with a coordinate measurement machine (CMM) shows that the prototype system achieves a 3D position accuracy of 18μm (RMS) over a range of 400mm by 400mm by 15mm, with a resolution of 2μm.
Additional file 1 of Rescue of a panel of Hemophilia A-causing 5’ss splicing mutations by unique Exon-specific U1snRNA variants
Creators: name: Peretto, Laura
name: D’angiolillo, Claudia
name: Ferraresi, Paolo
name: Balestra, Dario
name: Pinotti, Mirko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly, Vol 6, No 2 (1986)
title: Vol 6, No 2 (1986)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: University, George Mason
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 1986

description: Front Cover...1
Religion and Morality...1 to 5
Buy Like a MADman, Use Like a NUT...5 to 8
Judging Judges...9 to 11
The Risk of Talking About Risk...12 to 14
Back Cover...15 to 16
Full Issue...1 to 16
Curvature, Cones, and Characteristic Numbers
Creators: name: Atiyah, Michael
name: LeBrun, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (Primary), 58J20 (secondary)

description: We study Einstein metrics on smooth compact 4-manifolds with an edge-cone singularity of specified cone angle along an embedded 2-manifold. To do so, we first derive modified versions of the Gauss-Bonnet and signature theorems for arbitrary Riemannian 4-manifolds with edge-cone singularities, and then show that these yield non-trivial obstructions in the Einstein case. We then use these integral formulae to obtain interesting information regarding gravitational instantons which arise as limits of such edge-cone manifolds.
description: 37 pages, LaTeX2e. 1 figure, 1 table
Manyara Ranch: a potential model for wildlife management in Tanzania
Creators: name: Pole, Aistair
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2016

description: Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia.
description: Tanzania is a country blessed with incredible natural resources and abundant wildlife. It has the potential to have one of the most successful and viable wildlife industries in Africa. However, its policies do not support local level user rights and it has no models on which to base successful wildlife ranching. It is believed that the country would benefit enormously from an established model of a successful wildlife ranch which can then also have an influence on policy formulation to create the right environment for the growth of a wildlife industry. Manyara Ranch provides an ideal opportunity to achieve this. It is a 45,000 acre ranch in the Masaai Steppe of northern Tanzania that forms a critical corridor for wildlife movement between Tarangire National Park, Lake Manyara National Park and Lake Natron to the north in one of the continents most recognised and game rich landscapes. As a result, it has good wildlife populations with some being resident but most migrating through the area. Manyara Ranch is held in Trust for the benefit of its neighbouring communities but has suffered decades of mismanagement and poor performance as a mixed wildlife and livestock operation. In 2013 the African Wildlife Foundation took over management of the ranch and much has been done to improve the situation and develop a plan for the future development into a model wildlife and livestock operation. Critical to this has been the re engagement with the neighbouring communities and gaining their trust and support.
Review of Ulrich Rebstock, Die Reichtümer der Rechner (Ghunyat al-hussāb) von Ahmad b. Thabīt (gest. 631/1234) - Die Araber: Vorläufer der Rechenkunst
Creators: name: Riedel, Dagmar A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Islamic civilization
Islam--Customs and practices

description: In seiner Habilitationsschrift Rechnen im islamischen Orient. Die literarischen Spuren der praktischen Rechenkunst (Darmstadt 1992) betonte Rebstock die ungünstige Forschungslage, davon der umfangreichen erhaltenen mathematischen Literatur kaum 20 Texte vollständig ediert oder zumindest übersetzt vorliegen. Somit ist es nur konsequent, daß Rebstock selbst eine mathematische Handschrift zur praktischen Rechenkunst vollständig übersetzt und durch eine Mikroflchereproduktion der Quelle ergänzt. Außerdem enthält der Band eine Einführung zu Autor und Werk, eine Bibliographie sowie ein umfangreiches Glossar.
The influence of tuberculosis treatment on efavirenz clearance in patients co-infected with HIV and tuberculosis
Creators: name: Gengiah, Tanuja N.
name: Holford, Nicholas H. G.
name: Botha, Julia H.
name: Gray, Andrew L.
name: Naidoo, Kogieleum
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: PURPOSE: Drug interactions are of concern when treating patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis. Concomitant use of efavirenz (EFV) with the enzyme inducer rifampicin might be expected to increase EFV clearance. We investigated the influence of concomitant tuberculosis treatment on the plasma clearance of EFV. METHODS:  Fifty-eight patients were randomized to receive their EFV-containing antiretroviral therapy either during or after tuberculosis treatment. Steady-state EFV plasma concentrations (n = 209 samples) were measured, 83 in the presence of rifampicin. Data were analyzed using a non-linear mixed effects model, and the model was evaluated using non-parametric bootstrap and visual predictive checks. RESULTS: The patients had a median age of 32 (range 19-55) years and 43.1% were women. There was a bimodal distribution of apparent clearance, with slow EFV metabolizers accounting for 23.6% of the population and having a metabolic capacity 36.4% of that of the faster metabolizers. Apparent EFV clearance after oral administration in fast metabolizers was 12.9 L/h/70 kg whilst off tuberculosis treatment and 9.1 L/h/70 kg when on tuberculosis treatment. In slow metabolizers, the clearance estimates were 3.3 and 4.7 L/h/70 kg in the presence and absence of TB treatment, respectively. Overall there was a 29.5% reduction in EFV clearance during tuberculosis treatment. CONCLUSION: Unexpectedly, concomitant rifampicin-containing tuberculosis treatment reduced apparent EFV clearance with a corresponding increase in EFV exposure. While the reasons for this interaction require further investigation, cytochrome P450 2B6 polymorphisms in the population studied may provide some explanation.
Chaos around Holographic Regge Trajectories
Creators: name: Basu, Pallab
name: Das, Diptarka
name: Ghosh, Archisman
name: Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using methods of Hamiltonian dynamical systems, we show analytically that a dynamical system connected to the classical spinning string solution holographically dual to the principal Regge trajectory is non-integrable. The Regge trajectories themselves form an integrable island in the total phase space of the dynamical system. Our argument applies to any gravity background dual to confining field theories and we verify it explicitly in various supergravity backgrounds: Klebanov-Strassler, Maldacena-Nunez, Witten QCD and the AdS soliton. Having established non-integrability for this general class of supergravity backgrounds, we show explicitly by direct computation of the Poincare sections and the largest Lyapunov exponent, that such strings have chaotic motion.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures. V3: Minor changes complying to referee's suggestions. Typos corrected
Improved Combination of Multiple Atmospheric GCM Ensembles for Seasonal Prediction
Creators: name: Robertson, Andrew W.
name: Lall, Upmanu
name: Zebiak, Stephen E.
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Atmosphere
Meteorology

description: An improved Bayesian optimal weighting scheme is developed and used to combine six atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) seasonal hindcast ensembles. The approach is based on the prior belief that the forecast probabilities of tercile-category precipitation and near-surface temperature are equal to the climatological ones. The six GCMs are integrated over the 1950–97 period with observed monthly SST prescribed at the lower boundary, with 9–24 ensemble members. The weights of the individual models are determined by maximizing the log likelihood of the combination by season over the integration period. A key ingredient of the scheme is the climatological equal-odds forecast, which is included as one of the "models" in the multimodel combination. Simulation skill is quantified in terms of the cross-validated ranked probability skill score (RPSS) for the three-category probabilistic hindcasts. The individual GCM ensembles, simple poolings of three and six models, and the optimally combined multimodel ensemble are compared. The Bayesian optimal weighting scheme outperforms the pooled ensemble, which in turn outperforms the individual models. In the extratropics, its main benefit is to bring much of the large area of negative-precipitation RPSS values up to near-zero values. The skill of the optimal combination is almost always increased (in the large spatial averages considered) when the number of models in the combination is increased from three to six, regardless of which models are included in the three-model combination. Improvements are made to the original Bayesian scheme of Rajagopalan et al. by reducing the dimensionality of the numerical optimization, averaging across data subsamples, and including spatial smoothing of the likelihood function. These modifications are shown to yield increases in cross-validated RPSS skills. The revised scheme appears to be better suited to combining larger sets of models, and, in the future, it should be possible to include statistical models into the weighted ensemble without fundamental difficulty.
title: The role of plain radiography in lower limb trauma in skeletally immature patients
Creators: name: Bashar, Nada
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Trauma
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Acute
subject: Trauma
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the fracture patterns in the knee and ankle on imaging, particularly in relation to radiographic findings of peri-articular...
Stress–strain model for concrete confined by FRP composites
Creators: name: Feng, Maria Q.
name: Youssef, Marwan N.
name: Mosallam, Ayman S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: In this paper, a stress–strain model for concrete confined by fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites is developed. The model is based on the results of a comprehensive experimental program including large-scale circular, square and rectangular short columns confined by carbon/epoxy and E-glass/epoxy jackets providing a wide range of confinement ratios. Ultimate stress, rupture strain, jacket parameters, and cross-sectional geometry were found to be significant factors affecting the stress–strain behavior of FRP-confined concrete. Such parameters were analyzed statistically based on the experimental data, and equations to theoretically predict these parameters are presented. Experimental results from this study were compared to the proposed semi-empirical model as well as others from the literature.
Explaining B->Dτν, B->D*τνand B->τνin a 2HDM of type III
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Greub, Christoph
name: Kokulu, Ahmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the BaBar collaboration reported first evidence for new physics in B->Dτνand B->D*τν. Combining both processes the significance is 3.4σ. This result cannot be explained in a two Higgs doublet model of type II. Furthermore, the CKMfitter group finds a 2.9σdiscrepancy between the Standard Model prediction for Br[B->τν] (using Vub from a global fit to the unitary triangle) and the measurements of the B factories. Altogether, these measurements are strong indications for physics beyond the SM in B meson decays to taus. We show that in a two Higgs doublet model of type III it is possible to simultaneously explain \bdtau and \bdstau using a single free parameter ε^u_32. Also Br[B->τν] can be brought into agreement with experiment using ε^u_31. Furthermore, for Higgs (A^0, H^0, H^+) masses around 500 GeV, as suggested by recent CMS results, all bounds from FCNC processes are satisfied and B->Dτν, B->D*τνand B->τνcan be explained without a significant degree of fine-tuning.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, version accepted for publication in PRD
Voltage dependent gating and modulation in Shaker-type potassium channels
Creators: name: Peters, Christian Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The voltage-gated potassium channels of the Kv1 (Shaker-type) family are proteins found in many cell types throughout the body, and are critical for regulating membrane excitability. Ion channel proteins are dynamic by nature, and undergo structural reorientations in response to voltage and other external stimuli. In this thesis, I will describe the results of experiments using the voltage clamp fluorimetry technique, which can relate movements within protein domains to associated electrical behaviour. In Kv1.2 channels, fluorescent emissions from a fluorophore attached to the S4 helix faithfully report the movement of gating charge during depolarization. However, a second phase of fluorescence is also observed which is unique to Kv1.2. Using chimaeras where the external linkers were exchanged between Kv1 homologues, we determined that this phase tracks an interaction between the external linkers which slows channel deactivation. When fluorescence was recorded from Kv1.2 in the presence of the Kvβ1.2 subunit possessing a channel blocking N-terminus, fluorescence was unchanged during activation but slowed during deactivation, suggesting that the blocker sterically hinders activation gate closure and prevents the return of the gating charge. While Kv1.2 requires a Kvβ1 subunit to inactivate, the Drosophila homologue Shaker possesses an N-type inactivation domain on its own N-terminus. Shaker can also inactivate through conformational changes in its selectivity filter, so-called C-type inactivation. This process is structurally linked to activation gate opening, and is accelerated by N-terminal block. We have found that the conformations of the activation gate and the selectivity filter are allosterically linked, and that the N-terminus accelerates C-type inactivation by expelling potassium from a selectivity filter binding site known to inhibit its conformational change. Acceleration of C-type inactivation was also implicated as the mechanism by which an inherited genetic mutation near the Kv1.1 activation gate causes episodic ataxia type-1. However, results from experiments using voltage clamp fluorimetry and single channel patch clamp suggest that accelerated current decay observed in those mutants is more likely due to destabilization of the open state of the activation gate. Taken together, the results of this thesis demonstrate how structural variability between channel homologues leads to their broad functional diversity.
Additional file 1 of A meta-analysis of behaviour change techniques in social interventions targeting improved cognitive function in older adults
Creators: name: Siette, Joyce
name: Chong, Victoria
name: Samtani, Suraj
name: Harris, Celia B.
name: Steiner-Lim, Genevieve Z.
name: MacMillan, Freya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
title: Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly, Vol 6, No 3 (1986)
title: Vol 6, No 3 (1986)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: University, George Mason
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 1986

description: Front Cover...1
Banning the Bomb: Four Decades Too Late?...1 to 5
Civic Education and Traditional American Values...5 to 8
Teaching as Politics...8 to 11
Children's Television...11 to 14
Back Cover...15 to 16
Full Issue...1 to 16
Electron capture by Ne4+ ions from atomic hydrogen
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Havener, C. C.
name: Rejoub, R.
name: Vane, C. R.
name: Krause, H. F.
name: Schnell, M.
name: Wang, J. G.
name: Stancil, P. C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Astrophysics
Microphysics
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics

description: Using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory ion-atom merged-beams apparatus, the absolute total electron-capture cross section has been measured for collisions of Ne4+ with hydrogen and deuterium at relative energies in the center-of-mass frame between 0.10 and 1006 eV/u. Comparison with previous measurements shows large discrepancies between 80 and 600 eV/u. For energies below ∼1 eV∕u, a sharply increasing cross section is attributed to the ion-induced dipole attraction between the reactants. Multichannel Landau-Zener calculations are performed between 0.01 and 5000 eV/u and compare well to the measured total cross sections. Below ∼5 eV∕u, the present total cross section calculations show a significant target isotope effect. At 0.01 eV/u, the H:D total cross section ratio is predicted to be ∼1.4 where capture is dominated by transitions into the Ne3+ (2s22p23d) configuration.
Segment of an inhomogeneous mesoscopic loop as a dc power source
Creators: name: Dubonos, S. V.
name: Kuznetsov, V. I.
name: Nikulov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dc voltage changed periodically with magnetic field is observed on segments of asymmetric aluminum loop without any external dc current at temperatures corresponded to superconducting transition. According to this experimental result a segment of the loop is a dc power source. A possibility of a persistent voltage on segments of an inhomogeneous normal metal mesoscopic loop follows from this result.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
title: Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly, Vol 6, No 4 (1986)
title: Vol 6, No 4 (1986)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: University, George Mason
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 1986

description: Freedom and Fairness: Regulating the Mass Media...1 to 5
Private Clubs and Public Values...6 to 8
Should Legal Services Rise Again?...9 to 11
Defending Human Chauvinism...12 to 14
Full Issue...1 to 16
title: Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly, Vol 7, No 1 (1987)
title: Vol 7, No 1 (1987)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: University, George Mason
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 1987

description: Front Cover...1
The Public Turn in Philosophy...1 to 5
Priorities for Preservation...6 to 8
Ethics, Agriculture, and the Environment...9 to 12
Sex, Character, Politics, and the Press...12 to 14
Back Cover...15 to 16
Full Issue...1 to 16
title: Association of Common carotid artery INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS and STROKE: by B mode ultrasonography
Creators: name: Maisuri , Dhruti
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Observer performance
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Vascular
subject: CNS
subject: Anatomy
subject: Vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To study association of abnormal increase in intima media thickness of common carotid artery in patients with stroke by high resolution B-mode...
Surface Phonon-polariton Mediated Thermal Conductivity Enhancement
of Amorphous Thin Films
Creators: name: Narayanaswamy, Arvind
name: Chen, Gang
name: Chen, Dye-Zone
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: We predict theoretically that the effective in-plane thermal conductivity of polar, amorphous thin films can be increased by surface phonon-polaritons significantly beyond their intrinsic bulk values. We show that the thermal conductivity due to surface phonon-polaritons increases with decreasing film thickness. In particular, for a 40-nm-thick film of amorphous silicon dioxide, we calculate a total thermal conductivity of 4 W m−1 K−1 at 500 K, which is an increase of ∼100% over the intrinsic phonon thermal conductivity.
The Political Economy of Greening the National Income Accounts
Creators: name: Wagner, Gernot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental economics

description: While the United Nations and many other countries are actively exploring green accounting, official efforts in the United States have come to a virtual halt. In 1994, Congress commissioned a high-level study reviewing the Bureau of Economic Analysis's (BEA) work on its Integrated System of Environmental and Economic Accounts (ISEEA), but since its publication in 1999 has ignored the results and continued to bar BEA from its efforts. The debate surrounding green accounting in the U.S. should be freed from the partisan struggle in Washington and moved in the hands of the scientific community. Green accounting efforts should seriously focus on including ecological services as well as mere resource depreciation, but in line with the recommendations of Nordhaus and Kokkelenberg (1999), the existing national income and product accounts framework should be used as a point of departure, and the creation of official accounts should employ an incremental approach, giving first priority to areas where the necessary research is available.
Key issues to consider in deliberations on a legal trade in rhino horn
Creators: name: Hanks, John
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2016

description: Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia.
description: Africa's rhinos face an insecure future in the continent's designated protected areas with no solutions in sight in the foreseeable future for securing the required substantial increase in funding for adequately equipped and trained staff. The presentation will review the present and proposed option to reduce rhino poaching with particular reference to their realism and sustainability, and the vital importance of community-led solutions to tackling wildlife crime. The advantages and benefits of a legal trade in rhino horn will be summarized, stressing that an essential prerequisite for the trade is to stop the developed world dictating to Africa on how to manage its wildlife.
Genital Tract Inflammation During Early HIV-1 Infection Predicts Higher Plasma Viral Load Set Point in Women
Creators: name: Roberts, Lindi
name: Passmore, Jo-Ann S.
name: Mlisana, Koleka P.
name: Williamson, Carolyn
name: Little, Francesca
name: Bebell, Lisa M.
name: Walzl, Gerhard
name: Abrahams, Melissa-Rose
name: Woodman, Zenda
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: Background. The biggest challenge in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) prevention in Africa is the high HIV-1 burden in young women. In macaques, proinflammatory cytokine production in the genital tract is necessary for target cell recruitment and establishment of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection following vaginal inoculation. The purpose of this study was to assess if genital inflammation during early HIV-1 infection predisposes women to rapid disease progression. Methods. Inflammatory cytokine concentrations were measured in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) from 49 women 6, 17, 30, and 55 weeks after HIV-1 infection and from 22 of these women before infection. Associations between genital inflammation and viral load set point and blood CD4 cell counts 12 months after infection were investigated. Results. Elevated genital cytokine concentrations 6 and 17 weeks after HIV-1 infection were associated with higher viral load set points and, to a lesser extent, with CD4 depletion. CVL cytokine concentrations during early infection did not differ relative to preinfection but were elevated in women who had vaginal discharge, detectable HIV-1 RNA in their genital tracts, and lower blood CD4 counts. Conclusion. Genital inflammation during early HIV-1 infection was associated with higher viral load set point and CD4 depletion, which are markers of rapid disease progression. Strategies aimed at reducing genital inflammation during early HIV-1 infection may slow disease progression.
Additional file 2 of Rescue of a panel of Hemophilia A-causing 5’ss splicing mutations by unique Exon-specific U1snRNA variants
Creators: name: Peretto, Laura
name: D’angiolillo, Claudia
name: Ferraresi, Paolo
name: Balestra, Dario
name: Pinotti, Mirko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
title: Image findings on child non-accidental trauma
Creators: name: buso gil, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Trauma
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Acute
subject: Ethics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Paediatric
subject: Emergency
subject: Bones
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the mechanisms of childhood non-accidental injury, review diagnosis imaging techniques and the most common typical and atypical findings in this...
The tropical circulation: Simple model versus general circulation model
Creators: name: Robertson, Andrew W.
name: Frankignoul, Claude
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Atmosphere
Meteorology

description: An attempt is made to simulate two general-circulation-model-produced February climatologies in the tropics (from the GISS and the LMD GCMs), using a linear steady-state multi-layer primitive equations model which is forced thermally. A hypothesis-testing strategy is used to quantify the simulations of the target climatologies taking into account the natural variability of the GCM fields. When the zonal-mean flow and the diabatic heating field are prescribed from the GCM, the linear model is found to be generally consistent with both GCMs at the 5% level of statistical significance. The linear model simulation of the GCM is most successful for the vertical velocity. The horizontal wind field is moderately well simulated at low and high levels, but poorly in the mid troposphere. More than 40% of the spatial variance at 850 and 950mb between 30°S and 15°N is explained in the LMD GCM climatology whereas the corresponding figure for the GISS climatology is 34% at 850mb, falling off toward the surface. the linear model's skill at simulating the LMD climatology near the ground is little diminished when the forcing is restricted to the trade-cumulus layer only. However, midtropospheric heating is found to be important for the zonal component of the flow at low levels, especially close to the equator. Sensitivity, especially at upper levels, was found to the inclusion of the zonal component of the mean wind in the linearization, but little to the mean meridional circulation. Sensitivity to the linear model dissipation is also discussed.
Exact dynamical AdS black holes and wormholes with a Klein-Gordon field
Creators: name: Maeda, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present several classes of exact solutions in the Einstein-Klein-Gordon system with a cosmological constant. The spacetime has spherical, plane, or hyperbolic symmetry and the higher-dimensional solutions are obtained in a closed form only in the plane symmetric case. Among them, the class-I solution represents an asymptotically locally anti-de Sitter (AdS) dynamical black hole or wormhole. In four and higher dimensions, the generalized Misner-Sharp quasi-local mass blows up at AdS infinity, inferring that the spacetime is only locally AdS. In three dimensions, the scalar field becomes trivial and the solution reduces to the BTZ black hole.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; v2, results strengthened, argument on trapping horizon corrected; v3, argument on locally AdS property added, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Hölder and Lipschitz stability of solution sets in programs with probabilistic constraints
Creators: name: Henrion, René
name: Römisch, Werner
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: probabilistic constraints
subject: chance constraints
subject: Lipschitz stability
subject: stochastic optimization
subject: 90C15
subject: 90C31

description: We study perturbations of a stochastic program with a probabilistic constraint and 푟-concave original probability distribution. First we improve our earlier results substantially and provide conditions implying Hölder continuity properties of the solution sets w.r.t. the Kolmogorov distance of probability distributions. Secondly, we derive an upper Lipschitz continuity property for solution sets under more restrictive conditions on the original program and on the perturbed probability measures. The latter analysis applies to linear-quadratic models and is based on work by Bonnans and Shapiro. The stability results are illustrated by numerical tests showing the different asymptotic behaviour of parametric and nonparametric estimates in a program with a normal probabilistic constraint.
Origin of maximal symmetry breaking in even PT-symmetric lattices
Creators: name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
name: Barnett, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By investigating a parity and time-reversal (PT) symmetric, $N$-site lattice with impurities $\pm iγ$ and hopping amplitudes $t_0 (t_b)$ for regions outside (between) the impurity locations, we probe the origin of maximal PT-symmetry breaking that occurs when the impurities are nearest neighbors. Through a simple and exact derivation, we prove that the critical impurity strength is equal to the hopping amplitude between the impurities, $γ_c=t_b$, and the simultaneous emergence of $N$ complex eigenvalues is a robust feature of any PT-symmetric hopping profile. Our results show that the threshold strength $γ_c$ can be widely tuned by a small change in the global profile of the lattice, and thus have experimental implications.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
title: Ensuring the future of rhinos
title: Ensuring the future of Africa's rhinos
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Knight, Mike
name: Emslie, Richard
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2016

description: Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia.
description: Rampant poaching of Africa's rhinos for their horn is on the point of pushing the continent's populations of 25,600 animals into decline –threatening to reverse this iconic conservation success story. This achievement was built upon a whole suite of actions inclusive of protection, biological management, monitoring, coordination, communication, cooperation, economic and social sustainability, public backing, political support, adequate resources (human and financial) and innovation along with the willingness to experiment. Current international and national responses to the rhino crisis have seen a heavy emphasis of law enforcement in both range and consumer states, together with a focus on trying to reduce consumer demand for the product. This has realized a shift back to a protectionist paradigm, potentially alienating communities around rhino reserves and undermining their livelihoods. Rhinos are certainly under pressure, but there is much more at stake.
Production of charmed baryon $Λ_c(2940)^+$ at PANDA
Creators: name: He, Jun
name: Ouyang, Zhen
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Li, Xue-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we evaluate the production rate of the charmed baryon $Λ_c(2940)^+$ at PANDA. For possible assignments of $Λ_c(2940)^+$: $J^P=1/2^\pm$, $3/2^\pm$ and $5/2^\pm$, the total cross section of $p\bar{p}\to \barΛ_c Λ_c(2940)^+$ is estimated, which may exceed 1 nb. With the designed luminosity ($2\times10^{-32}$cm$^{-2}$/s) of PANDA, our estimate indicates that ten thousand events per day if $Λ_c(2940)^+$ is of $J^P=1/2^+$ or $10^8$ per day if it is of $J^P=5/2^+$ can be expected. Those values actually set the lower and upper limits of the $Λ_c(2940)^+$ production. In addition, we present the Dalitz plot and carry out a rough background analysis of the $Λ_c(2940)^+$ production in the $p\bar{p}\to D^0 p\barΛ_c$ and $p\bar{p}\to Σ_c^{0,++}π^{+,-}\barΛ_c$ processes, which would provide valuable information for accurate determination of the $Λ_c(2940)^+$ identity.
description: 7 pages, 1 table, 10 figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Enhancing the utility of daily GCM rainfall for crop yield prediction
Creators: name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Hansen, James W.
name: Robertson, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Rain and rainfall--Mathematical models
Crop yields--Forecasting
Meteorology

description: Global climate models (GCMs) are promising for crop yield predictions because of their ability to simulate seasonal climate in advance of the growing season. However, their utility is limited by unrealistic time structure of daily rainfall and biases in rainfall frequency and intensity distributions. Crop growth is very sensitive to daily variations of rainfall; thus any mismatch in daily rainfall statistics could impact crop yield simulations. Here, we present an improved methodology to correct GCM rainfall biases and time structure mismatches for maize yield prediction in Katumani, Kenya. This includes GCM bias correction (BC), to correct over- or under-predictions of rainfall frequency and intensity, and nesting corrected GCM information with a stochastic weather generator, to generate daily rainfall realizations conditioned on a given monthly target. Bias-corrected daily GCM rainfall and generated rainfall realizations were used to evaluate crop response. Results showed that corrections of GCM rainfall frequency and intensity could improve crop yield prediction but yields remain under-predicted. This is strongly attributed to the time structure mismatch in daily GCM rainfall leading to excessively long dry spells. To address this, we tested several ways of improving daily structure of GCM rainfall. First, we tested calibrating thresholds in BC but were found not very effective for improving dry spell lengths. Second, we tested BC-stochastic disaggregation (BC-DisAg) and appeared to simulate more realistic dry spell lengths using bias-corrected GCM rainfall information (e.g., frequency, totals) as monthly targets. Using rainfall frequency alone to condition the weather generator removed biases in dry spell lengths, improved predicted yields, but under-predicted yield variability. Combining rainfall frequency and totals, however, not only produced more realistic yield variability but also corrected under-prediction of yields. We envisaged that the presented method would enhance the utility of daily GCM rainfall in crop yield prediction.
Limit theorems for self-similar tilings
Creators: name: Bufetov, Alexander I.
name: Solomyak, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A05, 37B50, 37A50

description: We study deviation of ergodic averages for dynamical systems given by self-similar tilings on the plane and in higher dimensions. The main object of our paper is a special family of finitely-additive measures for our systems. An asymptotic formula is given for ergodic integrals in terms of these finitely-additive measures, and, as a corollary, limit theorems are obtained for dynamical systems given by self-similar tilings.
description: 36 pages; some corrections and improved exposition, especially in Section 4; references added
Strategies for improving the therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to acute leukemias
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun Pyo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Acute leukemia (AL) represents a hematological cancer originated from malignantly transformed myeloid or lymphoid precursors. Steady improvement in the prognosis of patients with AL has been observed over the last 30 years. However, the duration of remission has been still short and the overall survival of AL remains poor. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies are necessary to enhance the cure rate and the quality of life. Although initial remissions can be obtained with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in Ph⁺ AL, drug resistance develops and the responses are short-lived. I chose to study DT₃₈₈IL3 because the target IL-3 receptor is expressed on most Ph⁺AL blast samples and the action mechanism of DT₃₈₈IL3 is different from that of the TKIs. I studied cytotoxicity against malignant progenitors from patients with Ph⁺AL and demonstrated a synergistic interaction between both TKIs and the fusion protein. Normal progenitors were relatively resistant to these drugs alone or in combination. The enhanced selective cytotoxicity of CPX-351 (a liposomal formulation of a fixed ratio combination of cytarabine and daunorubicin) for AML progenitors as compared to normal hematopoietic cells is described. AML cells were shown to be more sensitive to CPX-351 than normal cells. Moreover, it was demonstrated that normal hematopoietic cells and progenitors were less sensitive to CPX-351 in comparison with conventional cytarabine:daunorubicin. These data suggest that CPX-351 might overcome drug resistance in AML without increasing toxicity to normal blood cells. The ability to reliably predict the likelihood of induction failure in a timely fashion would be useful for optimizing treatment plans for leukemia patients. Thus, I developed a flow cytometry-based assay that could predict the outcome of induction chemotherapy. The assay is based on the efflux of mitoxantrone. The median fluorescence intensity (MFI) for AML blasts incubated with mitoxantrone was measured with or without the ABC transporter inhibitor, cyclosporine A, and a ratio between the inhibited and uninhibited MFI was calculated (MFIR). A high MFIR value was shown to be highly predictive of induction failure. In conclusion, these findings may play an important role in developing better therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for AL.
Modeling of Traffic Excitation for System Identification of Bridge Structures
Creators: name: Feng, Maria Q.
name: Tan, Chin-An
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Computer science

description: In long-term health monitoring of bridge structures, system identification is often performed based only on the system output (bridge vibration responses) because the system input (traffic excitation) is difficult to measure. To facilitate the identification of the bridge properties, traffic excitation is commonly modeled as spatially uncorrelated white noise. A physical model of a stationary stream of vehicles (moving loads) arriving in accordance with a Poisson process, traversing an elastic beam, shows that the traffic excitation is spatially correlated. Employing the dynamic nodal loading approach, this spatial correlation results in a frequency-dependent excitation spectrum density matrix, and shifts the response spectra obtained from those excited by spatially uncorrelated white noise. It is shown that the application of system identification techniques based on the conventional excitation model may result in misleading structural properties. Hence, this study further proposes an output-only gray-box identification technique for bridge structures, in which knowledge about the nature of the traffic excitation, such as its spatial correlation, is implanted into an autoregressive-moving-average (ARMA) model. The identifiability of the ARMA model so constructed is assured and the feasibility of the proposed identification technique is demonstrated by a numerical example.
title: Sonography in the diagnosis of dengue fever
Creators: name: Saravanan, Kumar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Tropical diseases
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To determine the use of ultrasound is an important adjunct in screening dengue fevers from other febrile illness in epidemic areas and correlating the imaging features with platelet counts to identify the severity of the disease and reduce the...
Biochemical and functional interactions of methytetrahydrofolate and homocysteine in vascular disease
Creators: name: Hyndman, Matthew Eric
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Blood-vessels - Diseases
subject: Cardiovascular system - Diseases
subject: Homocysteine
subject: Folic acid
subject: Genetic polymorphisms

description: Bibliography: p.202-236.