cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nursing Home Revenue Source and Information Availability During the Emergency Department Evaluation of Nursing Home Residents
Creators: name: Cairns, Charles B.
name: Zamora, Zeke
name: Platts-Mills, Timothy F.
name: Patel, Laura N.
name: Kizer, John S.
name: LaMantia, Michael
name: Biese, Kevin
name: McCall, Brenda
name: Egbulefu, Fortune
name: Busby-Whitehead, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Lack of access to medical information for nursing home residents during Emergency Department (ED) evaluation is a barrier to quality care. We hypothesized that the quantity of information available in the ED differs based on the funding source of the resident’s nursing home.
Hardy inequalities in globally twisted waveguides
Creators: name: Briet, Philippe
name: Hammedi, Hiba
name: Krejcirik, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish various Hardy-type inequalities for the Dirichlet Laplacian in perturbed periodically twisted tubes of non-circular cross-sections. We also state conjectures about the existence of such inequalities in more general regimes, which we support by heuristic and numerical arguments.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
title: Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae: Significance of local bone marrow edema at the transverse processes
Creators: name: Nevalainen, Mika
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Epidemiology
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Anatomy

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV) is defined as a complete or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the enlarged transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum. Classically the LSTVs have beencategorizedby the Castellvi...
Super-critical accretion of BeXRB SXP 15.3
Creators: name: Ghising, Manoj
name: Rai, Binay
name: Tobrej, Mohammed
name: Tamang, Ruchi
name: Paul, Bikash Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the temporal and spectral properties of SXP 15.3 observed by \textit{NuSTAR} in hard energy range 3-79 keV during late 2018. The timing analysis of \textit{NuSTAR} observation predicts coherent pulsation at $15.2388\;\pm\;0.0002\;s$. The pulse profiles in different energy bands demonstrates energy dependence. The shape of the pulse profile was generally suggestive of a fan-beamed dominated pattern, which when combined with the measured luminosity predicts that the source may be accreting in the super-critical regime. Non-monotonic increase of Pulse Fraction was observed with energy. The \textit{NuSTAR} observation finds that the pulse period of the source have spun-up at a rate of --0.0176 s $yr^{-1}$ when compared to the previous analysis by the same observatory more than 1 year ago. The source flux in the present \textit{NuSTAR} study in 3-79 keV energy range is $\sim\;1.36\;\times\;10^{-10}\;erg\;cm^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ which corresponds to a luminosity of $\sim\;6\;\times\;10^{37}\;erg\;s^{-1}$. The cyclotron line energy of the source is detected at $\sim$5 keV. Pulse phase resolved spectroscopy shows that the cyclotron line energy varies significantly with pulse phase and the photon index becomes softer with increasing flux. In addition, we have studied the evolution of luminosity with time using 2017 and 2018 \textit{Swift/XRT} observations. The analysis of \textit{Swift/XRT} data reveals that the photon index are positively correlated with the source luminosity which is a characteristic of super-critical accretion phenomena.
description: 10 pages 11 figures
Parity-odd correlators of diffuse gamma rays and intergalactic magnetic fields
Creators: name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Vachaspati, Tanmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the connection between intergalactic helical magnetic fields and parity odd signatures in the diffuse gamma ray sky. We find that the location and the amplitude of a peak in a parity odd correlator, $Q(R)$, can be used to infer the normal and helical power spectra of the intergalactic magnetic field. When applied to Fermi-LAT data, the amplitude of the observed peak in $Q(R)$ gives $\sim 10^{-14}~{\rm G}$ intergalactic magnetic field strength, which is consistent with an earlier independent estimate that only used the peak location (Tashiro et al. 2014). We discuss features in the observed $Q(R)$ that further support the intergalactic magnetic field hypothesis and make predictions for future tests.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Bio-impedance measurement allows displaying the early stages of neutrophil extracellular traps
Creators: name: Linnemann, Caren
name: Venturelli, Sascha
name: Konrad, Franziska
name: Nussler, Andreas K.
name: Ehnert, Sabrina
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: bio-impedance
neutrophils
neutrophil extracellular traps
Sytox Green Assay
xCelligence
immune cell activation

description: Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in the blood. Besides common immune defense mechanisms, releasing their DNA covered with antimicrobial proteases and histones represent another strong defense mechanism: neutrophil extracellular traps. In vitro the two most common inducers of these, so called, NETs are calcium ionophores (CI) and PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). Following stimulation monitoring of NET release is necessary. For now, the methods of choice are quantification of free DNA by fluorescent dyes or analysis of immunofluorescence images. As a new method we tested bio-impedance monitoring of neutrophils after stimulation with the two inducers PMA and CI in gold-electrode coated plates. Bio-impedance (cell index) was measured over time. Results were compared to the monitoring of NETs by the fluorescent DNA-binding dye Sytox Green and immunofluorescence analysis. Cell index peaked about 25 min faster following CI stimulation than following PMA stimulation. The activation in Sytox Green Assay was significantly later detectable for PMA (+ approx. 90 min) but not for CI stimulation. The earlier and faster activation by CI was also confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Our data suggest that bio-impedance measurement allows an easy online tracking of early neutrophil activation. This offers new opportunities to monitor early phases and stimuli-dependent dynamics of NETosis.
description: EXCLI Journal; 19:Doc1481; ISSN 1611-2156
Irreducible weight modules over Witt algebras with infinite dimensional weight spaces
Creators: name: Liu, Genqiang
name: zhao, Kaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $d>1$ be an integer. In 1986, Shen defined a class of weight modules $F^α_b(V)$ over the Witt algebra $\mathcal{W}_d$ for $\a\in\C^d$, $b\in\C$, and an irreducible module $ V$ over the special linear Lie algebra $\sl_d$. In 1996, Eswara Rao determined the necessary and sufficient conditions for these modules to be irreducible when $V$ is finite dimensional. In this note, we will determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for all these modules $F^α_b(V)$ to be irreducible where $V$ is not necessarily finite dimensional. Therefore we obtain a lot of irreducible $\mathcal{W}_d$-modules with infinite dimensional weight spaces.
Fluid Inclusion Research: Proceedings of COFFI. Volume 29, 1996.
Creators: Roedder, Edwin, editor
Belkin, Harvey E., associate editor
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1996

A yearly volume to provide communication between workers in various fields of research on fluid inclusions, using the term in its broadest sense to embrace inclusions of any fluid, gas, liquid, or melt, and in any natural material, terrestrial or extraterrestrial.
Macroscopic quantum information processing using spin coherent states
Creators: name: Byrnes, Tim
name: Rosseau, Daniel
name: Khosla, Megha
name: Pyrkov, Alexey
name: Thomasen, Andreas
name: Mukai, Tetsuya
name: Koyama, Shinsuke
name: Abdelrahman, Ahmed
name: Ilo-Okeke, Ebubechukwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously a new scheme of quantum information processing based on spin coherent states of two component Bose-Einstein condensates was proposed (Byrnes {\it et al.} Phys. Rev. A 85, 40306(R)). In this paper we give a more detailed exposition of the scheme, expanding on several aspects that were not discussed in full previously. The basic concept of the scheme is that spin coherent states are used instead of qubits to encode qubit information, and manipulated using collective spin operators. The scheme goes beyond the continuous variable regime such that the full space of the Bloch sphere is used. We construct a general framework for quantum algorithms to be executed using multiple spin coherent states, which are individually controlled. We illustrate the scheme by applications to quantum information protocols, and discuss possible experimental implementations. Decoherence effects are analyzed under both general conditions and for the experimental implementation proposed.
description: published in Optics Communication August 2014
Machine-learning the phase diagram of a strongly-interacting Fermi gas
Creators: name: Link, M.
name: Gao, K.
name: Kell, A.
name: Breyer, M.
name: Eberz, D.
name: Rauf, B.
name: Köhl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the phase diagram of strongly correlated fermions in the crossover from Bose-Einstein condensates of molecules (BEC) to Cooper pairs of fermions (BCS) utilizing an artificial neural network. By applying advanced image recognition techniques to the momentum distribution of the fermions, a quantity which has been widely considered as featureless for providing information about the condensed state, we measure the critical temperature and show that it exhibits a maximum on the bosonic side of the crossover. Additionally, we back-analyze the trained neural network and demonstrate that it interprets physically relevant quantities.
title: Treatment of avascular necrosis by core decompression augmented with cell therapy: Technical report applying contrast agent to detect the injectate
Creators: name: Nevalainen, Mika
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Technical aspects
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Extremities

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Avascular necrosis of the extremities challenges clinicians and musculoskeletal imagers in everyday practice. For the early-stage avascular necrosis, the core decompression has been deemed an appropriate choice of treatment. Subsequently, the...
Evaluation of theoretical uncertainties in parity-violating electron scattering from nucleons and nuclei
Creators: name: Moreno, O.
name: Donnelly, T. W.
name: González-Jiménez, R.
name: Caballero, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity-violating polarized electron scattering from nucleons and nuclei provides an excellent tool to extract valuable information on nuclear and nucleon structure, as well as to determine Standard Model couplings and higher-order radiative corrections. As measurements become more precise, theoretical models should improve accordingly in order to exploit the experimental data fully in extracting meaningful information. At the same time, it is crucial that theoretical evaluations come with realistic estimations of the corresponding theoretical uncertainties to establish that the precision reached in the measurements is not compromised. Here we consider isospin mixing and the charge distribution in nuclei, and strangeness content of the nucleon together with its axial form factor.
Impact of a Decision Aid on Surrogate Decision-Makers' Perceptions of Feeding Options for Patients With Dementia
Creators: name: Snyder, E. Amanda
name: Wessell, Kathryn
name: Caprio, Anthony J.
name: Lin, Feng Chang
name: Hanson, Laura C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In advanced dementia, feeding problems are nearly universal, and families face difficult decisions about feeding options. Initial interviews for a randomized trial were used to describe surrogates’ perceptions feeding options, and to determine if a decision aid on feeding options in advanced dementia would improve knowledge, reduce expectation of benefit from tube feeding, and reduce conflict over treatment choices for persons with advanced dementia.
title: Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema (BCRL); Evaluation of median nerve stiffness by Shear Wave Elastography
Creators: name: Aslan, Hülya
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Elastography
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a chronic, debilitating condition that causes psychosocial problems that affect breast cancer survivors’ daily lives and self-maintenance. BCRL symptoms include...
Embedding Fourier for Ultra-High-Definition Low-Light Image Enhancement
Creators: name: Li, Chongyi
name: Guo, Chun-Le
name: Zhou, Man
name: Liang, Zhexin
name: Zhou, Shangchen
name: Feng, Ruicheng
name: Loy, Chen Change
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ultra-High-Definition (UHD) photo has gradually become the standard configuration in advanced imaging devices. The new standard unveils many issues in existing approaches for low-light image enhancement (LLIE), especially in dealing with the intricate issue of joint luminance enhancement and noise removal while remaining efficient. Unlike existing methods that address the problem in the spatial domain, we propose a new solution, UHDFour, that embeds Fourier transform into a cascaded network. Our approach is motivated by a few unique characteristics in the Fourier domain: 1) most luminance information concentrates on amplitudes while noise is closely related to phases, and 2) a high-resolution image and its low-resolution version share similar amplitude patterns.Through embedding Fourier into our network, the amplitude and phase of a low-light image are separately processed to avoid amplifying noise when enhancing luminance. Besides, UHDFour is scalable to UHD images by implementing amplitude and phase enhancement under the low-resolution regime and then adjusting the high-resolution scale with few computations. We also contribute the first real UHD LLIE dataset, \textbf{UHD-LL}, that contains 2,150 low-noise/normal-clear 4K image pairs with diverse darkness and noise levels captured in different scenarios. With this dataset, we systematically analyze the performance of existing LLIE methods for processing UHD images and demonstrate the advantage of our solution. We believe our new framework, coupled with the dataset, would push the frontier of LLIE towards UHD. The code and dataset are available at https://li-chongyi.github.io/UHDFour.
description: Porject page: https://li-chongyi.github.io/UHDFour
A Measure of Person-Centered Practices in Assisted Living: The PC-PAL
Creators: name: Cohen, Lauren W.
name: Allen, Josh
name: Reed, Peter
name: Coffey, Walter O.
name: Pinkowitz, Jackie
name: Reed, David
name: Sloane, Philip D.
name: Zimmerman, Sheryl
name: Lepore, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Develop self-administered questionnaires of person-centeredness for completion by residents and staff in assisted living (AL), in response to concerns that AL is not person-centered; also, demonstrated person-centeredness is necessary for Medicaid support as a home and community-based services provider.
Searching for sub-populations within the gamma-ray solar flares catalog: a graph-based clustering analysis
Creators: name: Mauro, Jonathan
name: de Wasseige, Gwenhaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar flares are highly energetic events that happen in the solar atmosphere. They are mostly observed as X-ray or gamma-ray bursts located on the Sun's surface. While they are known to be sites of particle acceleration, the acceleration process(es) responsible for the observed fluxes remain unsure. The diversity in shape and duration of the gamma-ray fluxes suggests the existence of distinct phases of hadronic acceleration. Moreover, different acceleration processes could explain the differences observed among flares. In this work we search for the evidence of sub-populations within the catalog of gamma-ray solar flares observed by Fermi-LAT. We aim at grouping flares with similar physical properties to be able to probe theoretical models for neutrino production within different classes of flares. We use measurements of the X-ray and gamma-ray fluxes, as well as CMEs and SEPs, to cluster the events using a graph-based algorithm. Furthermore, we investigate the most representative features that characterise the identified sub-populations to allow for qualitative analysis and model development.
description: 8 pages, Presented at the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023)
Automated medical knowledge acquisition: a study of consistency.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Knowledge bases are more representative of the population of medical experts if they are constructed by a group of individuals, rather than one practitioner. However, one runs into problems with consistency when information is elicited from a group without a consistent format and terminology. This study examines the consistency of relatively unconstrained computer-elicited medical knowledge using the computer program, KSSO. The results of this study show that the group of ten general internists were somewhat consistent in the diagnoses they listed for a patient presenting with chest pain. They were much less consistent in the findings they listed to differentiate between the diagnoses they had listed. The mean number of subjects listing each diagnosis was 3.3 +/- 2.7 while the mean for findings was 2.0 +/- 1.5. The implications of these data are discussed.
Designing Medical Informatics Research and Library--Resource Projects to Increase What Is Learned
Creators: name: Haynes, R. B.
name: Jaffe, C. C.
name: Fenichel, C. H.
name: Beck, J. R.
name: Chandrasekaran, B.
name: Sievert, M. C.
name: Fuller, S.
name: Stead, W. W.
name: Abarbanel, R. M.
name: Travis, L. E.
name: Pearson, W. R.
name: Friedman, C. P.
name: Gardner, R. M.
name: Buchanan, B. G.
name: Abola, E. E.
name: Messerle, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Careful study of medical informatics research and library-resource projects is necessary to increase the productivity of the research and development enterprise. Medical informatics research projects can present unique problems with respect to evaluation. It is not always possible to adapt directly the evaluation methods that are commonly employed in the natural and social sciences. Problems in evaluating medical informatics projects may be overcome by formulating system development work in terms of a testable hypothesis; subdividing complex projects into modules, each of which can be developed, tested and evaluated rigorously; and utilizing qualitative studies in situations where more definitive quantitative studies are impractical.
Information Retrieved from a Database and the Augmentation of Personal Knowledge
Creators: name: Friedman, C. P.
name: Wildemuth, B. M.
name: de Bliek, R.
name: File, D.
name: Twarog, R. G.
name: Martz, J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: OBJECTIVE: To assess the degree to which information retrieved from a biomedical database can augment personal knowledge in addressing novel problems, and how the ability to retrieve information evolves over time. DESIGN: This longitudinal study comprised three assessments of two cohorts of medical students. The first assessment occurred just before student course experience in bacteriology, the second occurred just after the course, and the third occurred five months later. At each assessment, the students were initially given a set of bacteriology problems to solve using their personal knowledge only. Each student was then reassigned a sample of problems he or she had answered incorrectly, to work again with assistance from a database containing information about bacteria and bacteriologic concepts. The initial pass through the problems generated a "personal knowledge" score; the second pass generated a "database-assisted" score for each student at each assessment. RESULTS: Over two cohorts, students' personal knowledge scores were very low (approximately 12%) at the first assessment. They rose substantially at the second assessment (approximately 48%) but decreased six months later (approximately 25%). By contrast, database-assisted scores rose linearly: from approximately 44% at the first assessment to approximately 57% at the second assessment, to approximately 75% at the third assessment. CONCLUSION: The persistent increase in database-assisted scores, even when personal knowledge had attenuated, was the most remarkable finding of this study. While some of the increase may be attributed to artifacts of the design, the pattern seems to result from the retained ability to recognize problem-relevant information in a database even when it cannot be recalled.
title: Integrated Longitudinal Analysis Increases Precision And Reduces Bias: A Comparative 5-Year Analysis In The DESIR Cohort
Creators: name: Feydy, Antoine
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Interpretation of imaging outcomes is challenging: Loss to follow-up Multiple readers and multiple reading ‘waves’. Common approach: Completers analysis and aggregate scores (e.g. agreement ≥ 2 out of 3 readers). Problems: i. Assumptions;...
Anisotropic magnetoresistance in antiferromagnetic Sr2IrO4
Creators: name: Wang, Cheng
name: Seinige, Heidi
name: Cao, Gang
name: Zhou, Jian-Shi
name: Goodenough, John B.
name: Tsoi, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report point-contact measurements of anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) in a single crystal of antiferromagnetic (AFM) Mott insulator Sr2IrO4. The point-contact technique is used here as a local probe of magnetotransport properties on the nanoscale. The measurements at liquid nitrogen temperature revealed negative magnetoresistances (MRs) (up to 28%) for modest magnetic fields (250 mT) applied within the IrO2 a-b plane and electric currents flowing perpendicular to the plane. The angular dependence of MR shows a crossover from four-fold to two-fold symmetry in response to an increasing magnetic field with angular variations in resistance from 1-14%. We tentatively attribute the four-fold symmetry to the crystalline component of AMR and the field-induced transition to the effects of applied field on the canting of AFM-coupled moments in Sr2IrO4. The observed AMR is very large compared to the crystalline AMRs in 3d transition metal alloys/oxides (0.1-0.5%) and can be associated with the large spin-orbit interactions in this 5d oxide while the transition provides evidence of correlations between electronic transport, magnetic order and orbital states. The finding of this work opens an entirely new avenue to not only gain a new insight into physics associated with spin-orbit coupling but also better harness the power of spintronics in a more technically favorable fashion.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Addressing UX Practitioners' Challenges in Designing ML Applications: an Interactive Machine Learning Approach
Creators: name: Feng, K. J. Kevin
name: McDonald, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: UX practitioners face novel challenges when designing user interfaces for machine learning (ML)-enabled applications. Interactive ML paradigms, like AutoML and interactive machine teaching, lower the barrier for non-expert end users to create, understand, and use ML models, but their application to UX practice is largely unstudied. We conducted a task-based design study with 27 UX practitioners where we asked them to propose a proof-of-concept design for a new ML-enabled application. During the task, our participants were given opportunities to create, test, and modify ML models as part of their workflows. Through a qualitative analysis of our post-task interview, we found that direct, interactive experimentation with ML allowed UX practitioners to tie ML capabilities and underlying data to user goals, compose affordances to enhance end-user interactions with ML, and identify ML-related ethical risks and challenges. We discuss our findings in the context of previously established human-AI guidelines. We also identify some limitations of interactive ML in UX processes and propose research-informed machine teaching as a supplement to future design tools alongside interactive ML.
Some Remarks on Capacitary Integrals and Measure Theory
Creators: name: Ponce, Augusto C.
name: Spector, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present results for Choquet integrals with minimal assumptions on the monotone set function through which they are defined. They include the equivalence of sublinearity and strong subadditivity independent of regularity assumptions on the capacity, as well as various forms of standard measure theoretic convergence theorems for these non-additive integrals, e.g. Fatou's lemma and Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem.
description: 25 pages
A Continuous-speech Interface to a Decision Support System: II. An Evaluation Using a Wizard-of-Oz Experimental Paradigm
Creators: name: Shiffman, S.
name: Lane, C. D.
name: Fagan, L. M.
name: Friedman, C. P.
name: Wyatt, J. C.
name: Detmer, W. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the performance of a continuous-speech interface to a decision support system. DESIGN: The authors performed a prospective evaluation of a speech interface that matches unconstrained utterances of physicians with controlled-vocabulary terms from Quick Medical Reference (QMR). The performance of the speech interface was assessed in two stages: in the real-time experiment, physician subjects viewed audiovisual stimuli intended to evoke clinical findings, spoke a description of each finding into the speech interface, and then chose from a list generated by the interface the QMR term that most closely matched the finding. Subjects believed that the speech recognizer decoded their utterances; in reality, a hidden experimenter typed utterances into the interface (Wizard-of-Oz experimental design). Later, the authors replayed the same utterances through the speech recognizer and measured how accurately utterances matched with appropriate QMR terms using the results of the real-time experiment as the "gold standard." MEASUREMENTS: The authors measured how accurately the speech-recognition system converted input utterances to text strings (recognition accuracy) and how accurately the speech interface matched input utterances to appropriate QMR terms (semantic accuracy). RESULTS: Overall recognition accuracy was less than 50%. However, using language-processing techniques that match keywords in recognized utterances to keywords in QMR terms, the semantic accuracy of the system was 81%. CONCLUSIONS: Reasonable semantic accuracy was attained when language-processing techniques were used to accommodate for speech misrecognition. In addition, the Wizard-of-Oz experimental design offered many advantages for this evaluation. The authors believe that this technique may be useful to future evaluators of speech-input systems.
title: Which Imaging Outcomes For AxSpA Are Most Sensitive To Change? A 5-Year Analysis Of The DESIR Cohort
Creators: name: Feydy, Antoine
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Several imaging outcomes have become available to assess inflammation and structural damage over time in patients with axial spondyloarthris (axSpA) 1-3 . No formal comparison of their sensitivity to change has been made in the early phases of the...
Charged scalar field instability between the event and cosmological horizons
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new interesting instability of a charged scalar field in the Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter background has been found (arXiv:1405.4931v2) through the time-domain integration of the perturbation equation. We investigate further properties of this instability, confirm its existence by concordant frequency-domain and time-domain calculations and show that it occurs at however small value of the coupling eQ, where e and Q are charges of a scalar field and black hole respectively. We also investigate the parametric region of instability and show that the critical values of eQ at which the stabilization happens strongly depends on the value of cosmological constant $Λ$ and softly on Q. We show that all the unstable modes are superradiant, but not all the superradiant modes are unstable. We analytically prove that superradiance is necessary (but not sufficient) condition for the instability in this case and, thereby, demonstrate the superradiant origin of the instability.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
title: Whole body MRI in myeloma – indications, protocols and pitfalls
Creators: name: Ahmed, Naeem
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: Oncology
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Staging
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To outline current guidelines and indications for use of whole body MRI in myeloma To demonstrate protocols, patterns of disease and potential interpretative...
Effects of a Decision Support System on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Users: A Preliminary Report
Creators: name: Franz, Tim
name: Friedman, Charles P.
name: Mei, Xiao
name: Heckerling, Paul
name: Ng, Macy
name: Sisson, James
name: Murphy, Gwen
name: Miller, Judith
name: Capitano, Amy
name: Biolsi, Kevin
name: Elstein, Arthur S.
name: Miller, Tom
name: Barlas, Sema
name: Wolf, Fredric M.
name: Fine, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of incomplete data upon the output of a computerized diagnostic decision support system (DSS), to assess the effects of using the system upon the diagnostic opinions of users, and to explore if these effects vary as a function of clinical experience. DESIGN: Experimental pilot study. Four clusters of nine cases each were constructed and equated for case difficulty. Definitive findings were omitted from the case abstracts. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four clusters and were trained on the DSS prior to use. SUBJECTS: The study involved 16 physicians at three levels of clinical experience (six general internists, four residents in internal medicine, and six fourth-year medical students), from three academic medical centers. PROCEDURE: Each subject worked up nine cases, first without and then with ILIAD consultation. They were asked to offer up to six potential diagnoses and to list up to three steps that should be the next items in the diagnostic workup. Effects of DSS consultation were measured by changes in the position of the correct diagnosis in the lists of differential diagnoses, pre- and post-consultation. RESULTS: The DSS lists of diagnostic possibilities contained the correct diagnosis in 38% of cases, about midway between the levels of accuracy of residents and attending general internists. In over 70% of cases, the DSS output had no effect on the position of the correct diagnosis in the subjects' lists. The system's diagnostic accuracy was unaffected by the clinical experience of the users.
Astrometrically Registered Simultaneous Observations of the 22 GHz H$_2$O and the 43GHz SiO masers towards R Leonis Minoris using KVN and Source/Frequency Phase Referencing
Creators: name: Dodson, Richard
name: Rioja, María J.
name: Jung, Tae-Hyun
name: Sohn, Bong-Won
name: Byun, Do-Young
name: Cho, Se-Hyung
name: Lee, Sang-Sung
name: Kim, Jongsoo
name: Kim, Kee-Tae
name: Oh, Chung-Sik
name: Han, Seog-Tae
name: Je, Do-Heung
name: Chung, Moon-Hee
name: Wi, Seog-Oh
name: Kang, Jiman
name: Lee, Jung-Won
name: Chung, Hyunsoo
name: Kim, Hyo-Ryoung
name: Kim, Hyun-Goo
name: Lee, Chang-Hoon
name: Roh, Duk-Gyoo
name: Oh, Se-Jin
name: Yeom, Jae-Hwan
name: Song, Min-Gyu
name: Kang, Yong-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars can be intense emitters of SiO ($v$=1 and 2, J=1$\rightarrow$0) and H$_2$O maser lines at 43 and 22 GHz, respectively. VLBI observations of the maser emission provide a unique tool to probe the innermost layers of the circumstellar envelopes in AGB stars. Nevertheless, the difficulties in achieving astrometrically aligned \water\ and $v$=1 and $v$=2 SiO maser maps have traditionally limited the physical constraints that can be placed on the SiO maser pumping mechanism. We present phase referenced simultaneous spectral-line VLBI images for the SiO $v$=1 and $v$=2, J=1$\rightarrow$0, and H$_2$O maser emission around the AGB star R\,LMi, obtained from the Korean VLBI Network (KVN). The simultaneous multi-channel receivers of the KVN offer great possibilities for astrometry in the frequency domain. With this facility we have produced images with bona-fide absolute astrometric registration between high frequency maser transitions of different species to provide the positions of the \water\ maser emission, and the centre of the SiO maser emission, and hence reducing the uncertainty in the proper motion for R\,LMi by an order of magnitude over that from Hipparcos. This is the first successful demonstration of source frequency phase referencing for mm-VLBI spectral-line observations and also where the ratio between the frequencies is not an integer.
description: Accepted in AJ
FingerMapper: Mapping Finger Motions onto Virtual Arms to Enable Safe Virtual Reality Interaction in Confined Spaces
Creators: name: Tseng, Wen-Jie
name: Huron, Samuel
name: Lecolinet, Eric
name: Gugenheimer, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Whole-body movements enhance the presence and enjoyment of Virtual Reality (VR) experiences. However, using large gestures is often uncomfortable and impossible in confined spaces (e.g., public transport). We introduce FingerMapper, mapping small-scale finger motions onto virtual arms and hands to enable whole-body virtual movements in VR. In a first target selection study (n=13) comparing FingerMapper to hand tracking and ray-casting, we found that FingerMapper can significantly reduce physical motions and fatigue while having a similar degree of precision. In a consecutive study (n=13), we compared FingerMapper to hand tracking inside a confined space (the front passenger seat of a car). The results showed participants had significantly higher perceived safety and fewer collisions with FingerMapper while preserving a similar degree of presence and enjoyment as hand tracking. Finally, we present three example applications demonstrating how FingerMapper could be applied for locomotion and interaction for VR in confined spaces.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
A decision analytic method for scoring performance on computer-based patient simulations.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: As computer based clinical case simulations become increasingly popular for training and evaluating clinicians, approaches are needed to evaluate a trainee's or examinee's solution of the simulated cases. We developed a decision analytic approach to scoring performance on computerized patient case simulations. We developed decision models for computerized patient case simulations in four specific domains in the field of infectious disease. The decision models were represented as influence diagrams. A single decision node represents the possible diagnoses the user may make. One chance node represents a probability distribution over the set of competing diagnoses in the simulations. The value node contains the utilities associated with all possible combinations of diagnosis and disease. All relevant data that the user may request from the simulation are represented as chance nodes with arcs to or from the diagnosis node and/or each other. Probabilities in the decision model were derived from the literature, where available, or expert opinion. Utilities were assessed by standard gamble from clinical experts. The process of solving computer based patient simulations involves repeated cycles of requesting data (history, physical examination or laboratory) and receiving these data from the simulations. Each time the user requests clinical data from the simulation, the influence diagram is evaluated with and without an arc from the corresponding chance node to the decision node. The difference in expected utility between the two solutions of the influence diagram represents the expected value of information (VOI) from the requested clinical datum. The ratio of the expected VOI from the data requested and the expected value of perfect information about the diagnosis is a normative measure of the quality of each of the user's data requests. This approach provides a continuous measure of the quality of the user's data requests in a way that is sensitive to the previous data collected. The score distinguishes serious from minor misdiagnoses. And the same influence diagram can be used to evaluate performance on multiple simulations in the same clinical domain.
Adaptive Sampling for Probabilistic Forecasting under Distribution Shift
Creators: name: Masserano, Luca
name: Rangapuram, Syama Sundar
name: Kapoor, Shubham
name: Nirwan, Rajbir Singh
name: Park, Youngsuk
name: Bohlke-Schneider, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The world is not static: This causes real-world time series to change over time through external, and potentially disruptive, events such as macroeconomic cycles or the COVID-19 pandemic. We present an adaptive sampling strategy that selects the part of the time series history that is relevant for forecasting. We achieve this by learning a discrete distribution over relevant time steps by Bayesian optimization. We instantiate this idea with a two-step method that is pre-trained with uniform sampling and then training a lightweight adaptive architecture with adaptive sampling. We show with synthetic and real-world experiments that this method adapts to distribution shift and significantly reduces the forecasting error of the base model for three out of five datasets.
Structure and kinematics of the polar ring galaxies: new observations and estimation of the dark halo shape
Creators: name: Moiseev, A.
name: Khoperskov, S.
name: Khoperskov, A.
name: Smirnova, K.
name: Smirnova, A.
name: Saburova, A.
name: Reshetnikov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polar ring galaxies (PRGs) represent an interesting type of peculiar systems in which the outer matter is rotating in the plane which is roughly perpendicular to the disk of the main galaxy. Despite the long lasting study of the PRGs there is a lack of the detailed enough observational data, there are still many open questions. Among the most interesting issues there are the estimate of the flattening of the dark matter halos in these systems and the verification of the assumption that the most massive polar structures were formed by the accretion of the matter from the intergalactic filaments. The new catalog recently collected by our team using the SDSS images increased by several times the number of known PRGs. The current paper gives the overview of our latest results on the study of morphological and photometric structure of the PRGs. Using the stellar and ionized gas kinematics data based on spectral observations with the Russian 6-m telescope we estimate the dark matter halo shape in the individual galaxies.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Baltic Astronomy, based on the talk presented on "Modern stellar astronomy-2014" (Rostov-on-Don)
Fluid Inclusion Research: Proceedings of COFFI. Volume 30, 1997.
Creators: Roedder, Edwin, editor
Belkin, Harvey E., associate editor
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1997

A yearly volume to provide communication between workers in various fields of research on fluid inclusions, using the term in its broadest sense to embrace inclusions of any fluid, gas, liquid, or melt, and in any natural material, terrestrial or extraterrestrial.
title: A new bone lytic lesion after trauma? Keep calm, it’s just a post-traumatic cyst-like lesion!
Creators: name: Afonso, Patricia Diana
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Describe post-traumatic cyst-like lesions etiology and present its characteristic imaging features. Depict how imaging can have a crucial role distinguishing these benign lesions and other pathologic entities, preventing unnecessary invasive...
title: The Restorative Design Scale (RDS) An Assessment Guide: Measuring the Potential for Mental Restoration in Urban Green Spaces
Creators: name: Bahr, Corinne
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2024

description: Mental health is a growing national priority, and green space has been proven to benefit mental health. There is a massive amount of recent research studying the influence of green space characteristics on mental health improvement and restoration. However, professional landscape architects, designers, and planners involved in creating physical spaces have not been able to assess and therefore prioritize mental health in their designs due to the sheer quantity of information that has not yet been synthesized and applied efficiently. The Restorative Design Scale (RDS) Assessment condenses this material into a scientifically inspired resource for professionals to easily understand and apply. This tool enables professionals to assess the strengths and weaknesses of existing public green spaces in providing mental health benefits. This tool also empowers professionals to improve mental health aspects of design in the public realm by guiding upgrades and new designs, communicating scientifically supported priorities, focusing funding, and thus providing a better quality of life for green space users.
title: Chronic tendinopathy refractory to treatment – let’s give a shoot to… EPI?
Creators: name: Afonso, Patricia Diana
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Puncture
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Ultrasound-guided intratissue percutaneous electrolysis (EPI) technique is a minimally invasive approach that has been used in the treatment of chronic tendinopathy. We describe this simple technique and present our institution’s experience with...