cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal Diffusion Point Processes
Creators: name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Ding, Jingtao
name: Shao, Chenyang
name: Jin, Depeng
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatio-temporal point process (STPP) is a stochastic collection of events accompanied with time and space. Due to computational complexities, existing solutions for STPPs compromise with conditional independence between time and space, which consider the temporal and spatial distributions separately. The failure to model the joint distribution leads to limited capacities in characterizing the spatio-temporal entangled interactions given past events. In this work, we propose a novel parameterization framework for STPPs, which leverages diffusion models to learn complex spatio-temporal joint distributions. We decompose the learning of the target joint distribution into multiple steps, where each step can be faithfully described by a Gaussian distribution. To enhance the learning of each step, an elaborated spatio-temporal co-attention module is proposed to capture the interdependence between the event time and space adaptively. For the first time, we break the restrictions on spatio-temporal dependencies in existing solutions, and enable a flexible and accurate modeling paradigm for STPPs. Extensive experiments from a wide range of fields, such as epidemiology, seismology, crime, and urban mobility, demonstrate that our framework outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines remarkably, with an average improvement of over 50%. Further in-depth analyses validate its ability to capture spatio-temporal interactions, which can learn adaptively for different scenarios. The datasets and source code are available online: https://github.com/tsinghua-fib-lab/Spatio-temporal-Diffusion-Point-Processes.
description: Accepted by KDD23
Nellis Air Force Base Cold War-Era Historic Property Survey - Cold War Summary
Creators: name: Haagen, Jordan
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Clark (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3965/clark-county
subject: United States of America (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/384/united-states-of-america-country
subject: Las Vegas, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76911/las-vegas-nevada
subject: Nevada (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/919/nevada-state-territory
subject: Nye (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4104/nye-county
subject: Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80650/nellis-air-force-base-nevada
subject: Cold War
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7288/cold-war

description: Nellis Air Force Base Cold War summary.
AutoMute2.0 to Predict Disease-Causing and Neutral Mutations in Human Transmembrane Proteins
Creators: name: Abhinav
name: , Iosif
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Mutations in transmembrane proteins can be detrimental and the cause of deadly diseases. As a result, predicting the lethality of the mutations can be extremely useful for clinical purposes and drug research. AutoMute2.0 is a framework trained using cytoplasmic proteins with tools to predict the disease potential of human single-point mutations. However, because cytoplasmic proteins differ structurally from transmembrane proteins, we were unsure if AutoMute2.0 would be an accurate tool to predict the disease potential of transmembrane proteins. In this project, we recorded and analyzed the results of using AutoMute2.0 on human transmembrane proteins, a task undocumented in any scientific literature. From the database MutHTP, which contains prediction data from other frameworks trained specifically on Transmembrane proteins for over 200,000 point mutations, we created a dataset containing 402 point mutations from nine distinct proteins. Then, we utilized AutoMute2.0 to generate prediction data to classify each one of the point mutations as either a “Neutral” or “Disease-causing” mutation. By comparing the data obtained from AutoMute2.0 to 4 other models trained on transmembrane proteins, AutoMute2.0 demonstrated an average accuracy of 61.8% between all four models. BorodaTM, a software training on Transmembrane proteins, demonstrated an average accuracy of 67.3%, only 5.5% between the average accuracy of AutoMute2.0. Due to the high accuracy between AutoMute2.0 and the other models, we concluded that AutoMute2.0 could predict the disease potential of point mutations in transmembrane proteins with low confidence. Since there were no actual values to compare the prediction data to, it is hard to determine how accurate a model will be, so it is best to use prediction data from multiple models to conclude disease potential.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
The SU(3)-invariant sector of new maximal supergravity
Creators: name: Borghese, A.
name: Dibitetto, G.
name: Guarino, A.
name: Roest, D.
name: Varela, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the SU(3)-invariant sector of the one-parameter family of SO(8) gauged maximal supergravity that has been recently proposed. To this end, we construct the N=2 truncation of this theory and analyse its full vacuum structure. The number of critical point is doubled and includes new N=0 and N=1 branches. We numerically exhibit the parameter dependence of the location and cosmological constant of all extrema. Moreover, we provide their analytic expressions for cases of special interest. Connections with three-dimensional RG-flows are pointed out. Finally, while the mass spectra are found to be parameter independent in most cases, we show that the novel non-supersymmetric branch with SU(3) invariance provides the first counterexample to this.
description: 47 pages, 8 figures and 3 tables. v3: references added, published version
Clark Site IMACS Forms
Creators: name: Haagen, Jordan
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Clark (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3965/clark-county
subject: Indian Springs Valley
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/22911/indian-springs-valley
subject: United States of America (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/384/united-states-of-america-country
subject: Las Vegas, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76911/las-vegas-nevada
subject: Nevada (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/919/nevada-state-territory
subject: Nye (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4104/nye-county
subject: Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80650/nellis-air-force-base-nevada

description: IMACS Site Forms for the Clark sites at the Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.
Decoupled Rationalization with Asymmetric Learning Rates: A Flexible Lipschitz Restraint
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Wang, Jun
name: Wang, Haozhao
name: Li, Ruixuan
name: Qiu, Yang
name: Zhang, YuanKai
name: Han, Jie
name: Zou, Yixiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A self-explaining rationalization model is generally constructed by a cooperative game where a generator selects the most human-intelligible pieces from the input text as rationales, followed by a predictor that makes predictions based on the selected rationales. However, such a cooperative game may incur the degeneration problem where the predictor overfits to the uninformative pieces generated by a not yet well-trained generator and in turn, leads the generator to converge to a sub-optimal model that tends to select senseless pieces. In this paper, we theoretically bridge degeneration with the predictor's Lipschitz continuity. Then, we empirically propose a simple but effective method named DR, which can naturally and flexibly restrain the Lipschitz constant of the predictor, to address the problem of degeneration. The main idea of DR is to decouple the generator and predictor to allocate them with asymmetric learning rates. A series of experiments conducted on two widely used benchmarks have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. Codes: \href{https://github.com/jugechengzi/Rationalization-DR}{https://github.com/jugechengzi/Rationalization-DR}.
description: KDD 2023 research track
A Computational Analysis of Circuit Motifs in the Hippocampus
Creators: name: , Ann
name: , Shahzad
name: , Jeffrey
name: , Giorgio
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Pyramidal cells (PC) in the hippocampal subregion Cornu Ammonis area 3 (CA3) receive projections from two predominant pathways: one from stellate cells (SC) in the medial entorhinal cortex layer II (MECLII) and one from granule cells (GC) in the dentate gyrus (DG). These projections create two unique information streams for CA3. The first stream involves SCs directly contacting PCs, and the second is an indirect stream where SCs contact GCs, which in turn contact PCs. Each PC and GC are contacted by 1500 SCs, and each PC by 80 GCs. However, it is unclear if the interactions between these cell types form circuit-specific motifs, and how they might affect PC activity. Our experiments delved into the connectivity of these interactions through simulations in the GPU-based simulation environment CARLsim, with a network model of 10,000 SCs, 80 GCs, and one PC. The PC and GCs received random input from SCs that simulated the activity of these cells in vivo. We first tested and verified the no motif (null) hypothesis that approximately 15% of the 1500 SCs that contact each GC also contact a PC (PC-contacting SCs) and the remaining 85% from those that do not (non-PC-contacting SCs). We then ran subsequent experiments that varied this balance between PC-contacting SCs and non-PC-contacting SCs from 0 to 100%. The resultant PC activity was then analyzed in MATLAB. In the no motif network, the PC exhibited a mean firing frequency of 0.4 Hz, consistent with this cell type’s mean firing frequency in vivo. Changing the balance between PC-contacting SCs and non-PC-contacting SCs from 0 to 100% revealed a maximal PC mean firing rate of 0.7 Hz at 80% PC-contacting and 20% non-PC-contacting-SCs. Furthermore, the mean firing frequency increased between 0 and 80% for PC-contacting SCs and decreased between 80 and 100%. Future work will explore why changing the balance in these circuit-specific motifs produces these PC firing frequency trends.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Data-Centric Machine Learning Approach for Early Ransomware Detection and Attribution
Creators: name: Vehabovic, Aldin
name: Zanddizari, Hadi
name: Ghani, Nasir
name: Shaikh, Farooq
name: Bou-Harb, Elias
name: Pour, Morteza Safaei
name: Crichigno, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Researchers have proposed a wide range of ransomware detection and analysis schemes. However, most of these efforts have focused on older families targeting Windows 7/8 systems. Hence there is a critical need to develop efficient solutions to tackle the latest threats, many of which may have relatively fewer samples to analyze. This paper presents a machine learning(ML) framework for early ransomware detection and attribution. The solution pursues a data-centric approach which uses a minimalist ransomware dataset and implements static analysis using portable executable(PE) files. Results for several ML classifiers confirm strong performance in terms of accuracy and zero-day threat detection.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Identification of New Neuronal Types in the Hippocampal Formation of Mouse Brains Based on Morphology
Creators: name: Sungjoon
name: Diek
name: , Giorgio
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Hippocampome.org is a knowledge base characterizing neuronal types of the circuitry of the hippocampal formation of rodents, based on morphology, molecular markers, connectivity, and physiology. One of the project's main set of goals is to thoroughly cover all available data on rodent neurons in the hippocampus, identify their types, and be a publicly available resource for rodent neuronal type-related information.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Effective quantum electrodynamics: One-dimensional model of the relativistic hydrogen-like atom
Creators: name: Audinet, Timothée
name: Toulouse, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a one-dimensional effective quantum electrodynamics (QED) model of the relativistic hydrogen-like atom using delta-potential interactions. We discuss the general exact theory and the Hartree-Fock approximation. The present one-dimensional effective QED model shares the essential physical feature of the three-dimensional theory: the nuclear charge polarizes the vacuum state (creation of electron-positron pairs) which results in a QED Lamb-type shift of the bound-state energy. Yet, this 1D effective QED model eliminates some of the most serious technical difficulties of the three-dimensional theory coming from renormalization. We show how to calculate the vacuum-polarization density at zeroth order in the two-particle interaction and the QED Lamb-type shift of the bound-state energy at first order in the two-particle interaction. The present work may be considered as a step toward the development of a quantum-chemistry effective QED theory of atoms and molecules.
The interaction of 11Li with 208Pb
Creators: name: Vinodkumar, A. M.
name: Loveland, W.
name: Yanez, R.
name: Leonard, M.
name: Yao, L.
name: Bricault, P.
name: Dombsky, M.
name: Kunz, P.
name: Lassen, J.
name: Morton, A. C.
name: Ottewell, D.
name: Preddy, D.
name: Trinczek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: 11Li is one of the most studied halo nuclei. The fusion of 11Li with 208Pb has been the subject of a number of theoretical studies with widely differing predictions, ranging over four orders of magnitude, for the fusion excitation function. Purpose: To measure the excitation function for the 11Li + 208Pb reaction. Methods: A stacked foil/degrader assembly of 208Pb targets was irradiated with a 11Li beam producing center of target beam energies from above barrier to near barrier energies (40 to 29 MeV). The intensity of the 11Li beam (chopped) was 1250 p/s and the beam on-target time was 34 hours. The alpha-decay of the stopped evaporation residues was detected in a alpha-detector array at each beam energy in the beam-off period (the beam was on for <= 5 ns and then off for 170 ns). Results: The 215At evaporation residues were associated with the fusion of 11Li with 208Pb. The 213,214At evaporation residues were formed by the breakup of 11Li into 9Li + 2n, with the 9Li fusing with 208Pb. The 214At evaporation residue appears to result from a "quasi-breakup" process. Conclusions: Most of 11Li + 208Pb interactions lead to breakup with a small fraction (<= 11%) leading to complete fusion.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
National Register Properties On Air Force Controlled Land as of 30 July 1980
Creators: name: Haagen, Jordan
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Clark (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3965/clark-county
subject: United States of America (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/384/united-states-of-america-country
subject: Las Vegas, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76911/las-vegas-nevada
subject: Trappman's Hills
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84834/trappmans-hills
subject: Trappman's Camp
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84833/trappmans-camp
subject: Nevada (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/919/nevada-state-territory
subject: Nye (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4104/nye-county
subject: Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80650/nellis-air-force-base-nevada

description: Properties listed in the National Register with a short description from Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.
Simulating secondary electron and ion emission from the Cassini spacecraft in Saturn's ionosphere
Creators: name: Zhang, Zeqi
name: Desai, Ravindra T.
name: Shebanits, Oleg
name: Johansson, Fredrik L.
name: Miyake, Yohei
name: Usui, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cassini spacecraft's Grand Finale flybys through Saturn's ionosphere provided unprecedented insight into the composition and dynamics of the gas giant's upper atmosphere and a novel and complex spacecraft-plasma interaction. In this article, we further study Cassini's interaction with Saturn's ionosphere using three dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations. We focus on understanding how electrons and ions, emitted from spacecraft surfaces due to the high-velocity impact of atmospheric water molecules, could have affected the spacecraft potential and low-energy plasma measurements. The simulations show emitted electrons extend upstream along the magnetic field and, for sufficiently high emission rates, charge the spacecraft to positive potentials. The lack of accurate emission rates and characteristics, however, makes differentiation between the prominence of secondary electron emission and ionospheric charged dust populations, which induce similar charging effects, difficult for Cassini. These results provide further context for Cassini's final measurements and highlight the need for future laboratory studies to support high-velocity flyby missions through planetary and cometary ionospheres.
description: Planetary Science Journal Article, accepted 22 May 2023. Preprint contains 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Comparative Analysis of Neuronal Morphology from Control and Schizophrenic Animal Models Obtained from NeuroMorpho.Org Database
Creators: name: Layan
name: , Giorgio
name: , Carolina
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: With a typical onset of late adolescence to early adulthood, schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric condition that interferes with one's ability to think clearly at key psycho-social-developmental stages and has a 0.25-0.75% prevalence. This investigation approaches the study of schizophrenia through the lens of computational neuroscience using morphological data obtained from NeuroMorpho.Org, an open-source database of neuronal and glial reconstructions. During our internship at NeuroMorpho.Org, we worked directly on the three-step pipeline of finding, processing, and annotating data for upload to the database. For this project, we compiled and downloaded morphological data from each dataset involving schizophrenic animal models using the summary reports functionality. Our results were obtained from 7 datasets, with a total of 760 neuronal reconstructions, including 6 genetic and 1 pharmacologically induced model. All data were obtained from rodents (89% from mice and 11% from rats), with both principal cells (83%) and interneurons (17%) from the neocortex, hippocampus, and striatum. Only 4 genetic models showed notable morphological discrepancies. Pyramidal cells in the hippocampus showed a 24% increase in total length, 103% in volume, and 27% in the number of branches. In the somatosensory cortex, principal cells revealed a 46% reduction in total length, 50% in volume, and 60% in the number of branches, while interneurons had a 28% increase in total length, 60% in volume, and a reduction of 5% in the number of branches. In the medial prefrontal cortex, the genetic model revealed a 28% increase in total length, 53% in volume, and 29% in the number of branches, while the pharmacological model shows a reduction of 23% in total length and 43% in the number of branches, and 53% increase in the volume of principal cells. Contrary to our expectations, the most significant discrepancies were substantial increases in the selected morphological parameters. Further research using detailed morphometric data for axons and dendrites, electrophysiology, dendritic spine density, cell counts, and brain region volumes may help elucidate whether these results are consistent with schizophrenic pathology.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
MPEC 2023-W80 : 2023 WY1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WY1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Pronounced Purcell enhancement of spontaneous emission in CdTe/ZnTe quantum dots embedded in micropillar cavities
Creators: name: Jakubczyk, Tomasz
name: Pacuski, Wojciech
name: Smoleński, Tomasz
name: Golnik, Andrzej
name: Florian, Matthias
name: Jahnke, Frank
name: Kruse, Carsten
name: Hommel, Detlef
name: Kossacki, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of CdTe/ZnTe quantum dot (QD) emission to micropillar cavity eigenmodes in the weak coupling regime is demonstrated. We analyze photoluminescence spectra of QDs embedded in monolithic micropillar cavities based on Bragg mirrors which contain MgSe/ZnTe/MgTe superlattices as low-index material. The pillar emission shows pronounced cavity eigenmodes and their spectral shape is in good agreement with simulations. QD emission in resonance with the cavity mode is shown to be efficiently guided toward the detector and an experimental Purcell enhancement by a factor of 5.7 is determined, confirming theoretical expectations.
description: 3 figures
Eschrichtius robustus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Eschrichtidae
Eschrichtius
Eschrichtius robustus

description: Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljeborg, 1861). Forh. Skand. Naturf. Ottende Mode, Kopenhagen, 1860, 8:602. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden, Uppland, Graso Isl. DISTRIBUTION: Pacific, temperate to arctic waters. COMMENT: Includes gibbosus and glaucus; see Rice and Wolman, 1971, Am. Soc. Mamm. Spec. Publ., 3: 1-142; Rice, 1977:12. Formerly present in the North Atlantic (JGM). PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix I as E. robustus (—glaucus) and U.S. ESA - Endangered as E. robustus. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411006001001001 as E. gibbosus.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 302, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Rice, D. W., and W. A. Wolman. 1971. Life history and ecology of the gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus). American Society of Mammalogists, Special Publication, 3: 1 - 142.", "Rice, D. W. 1977. A list of the marine mammals of the world. Third ed. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS SSRF- 711: 1 - 15."]}
High Speed Human Action Recognition using a Photonic Reservoir Computer
Creators: name: Picco, Enrico
name: Antonik, Piotr
name: Massar, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recognition of human actions in videos is one of the most active research fields in computer vision. The canonical approach consists in a more or less complex preprocessing stages of the raw video data, followed by a relatively simple classification algorithm. Here we address recognition of human actions using the reservoir computing algorithm, which allows us to focus on the classifier stage. We introduce a new training method for the reservoir computer, based on "Timesteps Of Interest", which combines in a simple way short and long time scales. We study the performance of this algorithm using both numerical simulations and a photonic implementation based on a single non-linear node and a delay line on the well known KTH dataset. We solve the task with high accuracy and speed, to the point of allowing for processing multiple video streams in real time. The present work is thus an important step towards developing efficient dedicated hardware for video processing.
description: (article in press)
Drivers of Mobile Payment Acceptance:The Impact of Network Externalities in Nigeria
Creators: name: Ajao, Qasim
name: Oludamilare, Olukotun
name: Sadeeq, Lanre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rising popularity of mobile payments can be attributed to the widespread use of smartphones and their applications. Despite its potential to simplify our lives, its adoption in African countries has been limited. This paper aims to enhance our understanding of the critical factors that influence the acceptance of mobile payments in Nigeria by exploring the impact of network externalities in addition to conventional technology acceptance factors. It posits that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, trust, and network externality are the key drivers of mobile payment acceptance. The research findings indicate that while traditional drivers still have an impact on customer's willingness to adopt mobile payment, network externalities have the strongest influence. The paper provides recommendations for future research, although the results did not support the impact of effort expectancy.
description: Nigeria, Smartphones, Network externalities, Mobile payment acceptance, Emerging technology, UTAUT, Empirical study, Africa
Multi-dimensional models of circumstellar shells around evolved massive stars
Creators: name: van Marle, Allard Jan
name: Keppens, Rony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars shape their surrounding medium through the force of their stellar winds, which collide with the circumstellar medium. Because the characteristics of these stellar winds vary over the course of the evolution of the star, the circumstellar matter becomes a reflection of the stellar evolution and can be used to determine the characteristics of the progenitor star. In particular, whenever a fast wind phase follows a slow wind phase, the fast wind sweeps up its predecessor in a shell, which is observed as a circumstellar nebula. We make 2-D and 3-D numerical simulations of fast stellar winds sweeping up their slow predecessors to investigate whether numerical models of these shells have to be 3-D, or whether 2-D models are sufficient to reproduce the shells correctly. We focus on those situations where a fast Wolf-Rayet (WR) star wind sweeps up the slower wind emitted by its predecessor, being either a red supergiant or a luminous blue variable. As the fast WR wind expands, it creates a dense shell of swept up material that expands outward, driven by the high pressure of the shocked WR wind. These shells are subject to a fair variety of hydrodynamic-radiative instabilities. If the WR wind is expanding into the wind of a luminous blue variable phase, the instabilities will tend to form a fairly small-scale, regular filamentary lattice with thin filaments connecting knotty features. If the WR wind is sweeping up a red supergiant wind, the instabilities will form larger interconnected structures with less regularity. Our results show that 3-D models, when translated to observed morphologies, give realistic results that can be compared directly to observations. The 3-D structure of the nebula will help to distinguish different progenitor scenarios.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. All figures in low resolution. v2: language corrections and addition of DOI number
On the length of a random minimum spanning tree
Creators: name: Cooper, Colin
name: Frieze, Alan
name: Ince, Nate
name: Janson, Svante
name: Spencer, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the expected value of the length $L_n$ of the minimum spanning tree of the complete graph $K_n$ when each edge $e$ is given an independent uniform $[0,1]$ edge weight. We sharpen the result of Frieze \cite{F1} that $\lim_{n\to\infty}\E(L_n)=\z(3)$ and show that $\E(L_n)=\z(3)+\frac{c_1}{n}+\frac{c_2+o(1)}{n^{4/3}}$ where $c_1,c_2$ are explicitly defined constants.
description: Added next term and two co-authors
Arbitrage with the Bellman-Ford Algorithm
Creators: name: , Margaret
name: , Fei
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: In this project, we study the arbitrage problem and design classic algorithms for it. We have a fixed amount of assets, for example, US dollars. We are given a set of currencies and a set of currency exchange rates. The objective is for a cycle, starting from US currency, and ending at US currency so that we can have more assets by exchanging currencies along this cycle. We apply the Bellman-Ford algorithm. Our experimental results show that our approach is promising and works fast with negligible running time in finding out the best currency exchange path if any.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Comparisons of Classic and Quantum String Matching Algorithms
Creators: name: , Margaret
name: , Rachel
name: , Arul
name: , Fei
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: In this project, we study the string matching problem. We design a quantum string-matching algorithm for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers, given the current leading quantum processing units (QPUs) having no more than a few hundred qubits. We also compare the performance of classic algorithms and quantum algorithms under various settings. Our study provides a comprehensive and quantitative guide for users to choose appropriate classic or quantum algorithms for their string-matching problems.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Effect of TAR Binding Molecules on HIV-1 Proviral Transcription
Creators: name: , Rhea
name: , Pooja
name: Fatah
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-I) is a retrovirus and causative agent of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Despite over 38 million people living with HIV, there is no definitive cure. Current treatment options include combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). While cART targets entry, reverse transcription, and integration of HIV-1 RNA into host cells, there is no effective HIV-1 transcription inhibitor. Thus, HIV-1 continues to transcribe viral RNAs, including, non-coding Trans-activating Response element (TAR) RNA. Without a transcription inhibitor, infected persons with HIV-1 will not retain true latency, suggesting the need for novel inhibitors that can specifically target viral transcription. In this study, we screened a panel of molecules, which bind to HIV-1 TAR RNA, identifying potential candidates, 102FA and 110FA, that effectively inhibit viral transcription in immune cells without any apparent toxicity. This study looked at the effect of these inhibitor molecules on viral protein expression in HIV-1 infected U1 monocyte-derived macrophages (U1 MDMs). Our data show that the viral protein expression levels of p24, Nef, and gp120 decreased upon treatment with 102FA and 110FA in U1 MDMs. Furthermore, we tested the molecules for their effect on the PTEF-b complex in uninfected HEK293 cells. This complex, composed of proteins CDK9 and Cyclin T1, regulates the transcription process in all eukaryotic cells but is targeted by HIV-1 viral proteins to enhance viral transcription. Protein expression levels of CDK9 and Cyclin T1 did not change upon treatment of the HEK293 cells, indicating that these molecules do not impact cellular processes. Collectively, the results suggest that the use of small RNA-binding molecules to inhibit viral transcription could potentially complement existing cART drugs to address the therapeutic gap. Further studies will include replicating data via in-vivo experiments in humanized mouse models.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
A characterization of the Menger property by means of ultrafilter convergence
Creators: name: Lipparini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D20, 54A20, 03E05

description: We characterize various Menger/Rothberger related properties by means of ultrafilter convergence, and discuss their behavior with respect to products.
description: v.2; 13 pages, some improvements, some corrections, added introduction and divided into sections
Networked Time Series Imputation via Position-aware Graph Enhanced Variational Autoencoders
Creators: name: Wang, Dingsu
name: Yan, Yuchen
name: Qiu, Ruizhong
name: Zhu, Yada
name: Guan, Kaiyu
name: Margenot, Andrew J
name: Tong, Hanghang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multivariate time series (MTS) imputation is a widely studied problem in recent years. Existing methods can be divided into two main groups, including (1) deep recurrent or generative models that primarily focus on time series features, and (2) graph neural networks (GNNs) based models that utilize the topological information from the inherent graph structure of MTS as relational inductive bias for imputation. Nevertheless, these methods either neglect topological information or assume the graph structure is fixed and accurately known. Thus, they fail to fully utilize the graph dynamics for precise imputation in more challenging MTS data such as networked time series (NTS), where the underlying graph is constantly changing and might have missing edges. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to overcome these limitations. First, we define the problem of imputation over NTS which contains missing values in both node time series features and graph structures. Then, we design a new model named PoGeVon which leverages variational autoencoder (VAE) to predict missing values over both node time series features and graph structures. In particular, we propose a new node position embedding based on random walk with restart (RWR) in the encoder with provable higher expressive power compared with message-passing based graph neural networks (GNNs). We further design a decoder with 3-stage predictions from the perspective of multi-task learning to impute missing values in both time series and graph structures reciprocally. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of our model over baselines.
description: KDD 2023
MPEC 2023-W81 : 2023 WZ1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WZ1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
HeFDI Code School: Sustainable Research Software - Introduction to Software Testing
Creators: name: Harikrishnan Sreekumar
name: Yannik Hüpel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: RSE
Software Engineering
Software Testing

description: Scientific software is in many disciplines crucial for understanding and reusing research data and a cornerstone for reproducibility of research results. The HeFDI Code School adresses the need of especially early career researchers on learning how to create good scientific software and increase the quality of their code for better reusability and sustainability.
Together with the colleagues from Suresoft project and NFDI4Ing we offer a series of four workshops.
Participants of these workshops will learn

methods and techniques to increase the quality of their code,
how to produce understandable and therefore reusable code,
and to increase the sustainability of scientific software.
Workshop - November 24 - Introduction to Software Testing
Software testing ensures the proper functioning of a constantly evolving software and helps to quickly identify faults in a software code. This workshop introduces the first steps toward writing various types of software tests for scientific codes along with hands-on sessions.
Agenda:

Fundamentals and motivation for software testing in scientific codes
Hands-On Sessions:

Writing unit tests
Writing acceptance tests
Incorporating and managing code quality tests
Test process automation
Demonstration of an in-house code testing environment
Task-Equivariant Graph Few-shot Learning
Creators: name: Kim, Sungwon
name: Lee, Junseok
name: Lee, Namkyeong
name: Kim, Wonjoong
name: Choi, Seungyoon
name: Park, Chanyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been successful in node classification tasks, their performance heavily relies on the availability of a sufficient number of labeled nodes per class. In real-world situations, not all classes have many labeled nodes and there may be instances where the model needs to classify new classes, making manual labeling difficult. To solve this problem, it is important for GNNs to be able to classify nodes with a limited number of labeled nodes, known as few-shot node classification. Previous episodic meta-learning based methods have demonstrated success in few-shot node classification, but our findings suggest that optimal performance can only be achieved with a substantial amount of diverse training meta-tasks. To address this challenge of meta-learning based few-shot learning (FSL), we propose a new approach, the Task-Equivariant Graph few-shot learning (TEG) framework. Our TEG framework enables the model to learn transferable task-adaptation strategies using a limited number of training meta-tasks, allowing it to acquire meta-knowledge for a wide range of meta-tasks. By incorporating equivariant neural networks, TEG can utilize their strong generalization abilities to learn highly adaptable task-specific strategies. As a result, TEG achieves state-of-the-art performance with limited training meta-tasks. Our experiments on various benchmark datasets demonstrate TEG's superiority in terms of accuracy and generalization ability, even when using minimal meta-training data, highlighting the effectiveness of our proposed approach in addressing the challenges of meta-learning based few-shot node classification. Our code is available at the following link: https://github.com/sung-won-kim/TEG
description: KDD 2023
A Symmetrical Interpretation of the Klein-Gordon Equation
Creators: name: Heaney, Michael B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new Symmetrical Interpretation (SI) of relativistic quantum mechanics which postulates: quantum mechanics is a theory about complete experiments, not particles; a complete experiment is maximally described by a complex transition amplitude density; and this transition amplitude density never collapses. This SI is compared to the Copenhagen Interpretation (CI) for the analysis of Einstein's bubble experiment. This SI makes several experimentally testable predictions that differ from the CI, solves one part of the measurement problem, resolves some inconsistencies of the CI, and gives intuitive explanations of some previously mysterious quantum effects.
description: Revised version, accepted for publication in Foundations of Physics
Charged particle production in Pb--Pb collisions at the LHC with the ALICE detector
Creators: name: Floris, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE collaboration measured charged particle production in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV Pb--Pb collisions at the LHC. We report on results on charged particle multiplicity and transverse momentum spectra. All the results are presented as a function of the centrality of the collision, estimated with a Glauber Monte Carlo fit to multiplicity distributions reconstructed in various detectors. The applicability of the Glauber model at LHC energies, the precision of the centrality determination and the related systematic uncertainties are discussed in detail. Particles are tracked in the pseudorapidity window $|η| \lesssim 0.9$\ with the silicon Inner Tracking System (ITS) and the Time Projection Chamber (TPC), over the range $0.15 < \pt \lesssim 50$ GeV/$c$. The low-$p_t$ cut-off is further reduced in the multiplicity measurement using "tracklets", reconstructed in the 2 innermost layers of the ITS. The charged particle multiplicity is measured in $|η| < 0.5$ to be $\mathrm{d}N_{ch}/\mathrm{d}η= 1601 \pm 60$ in 5% most central Pb--Pb collisions, indicating an energy density a factor $\sim 3$ higher than at RHIC. Its evolution with centrality shows a pattern strikingly similar to the one measured at RHIC. Intermediate ($5 \lesssim \pt \lesssim 15$ GeV/$c$) transverse momentum particles are found to be most strongly suppressed with respect to pp collisions, consistent with a large energy loss of hard-scattered partons in the hot and dense medium. The results are presented in terms of the nuclear modification factor $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ and compared to theoretical expectations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions. Updated version after referee report (minor changes)
HeFDI Code School: Sustainable Research Software - Introduction to Software Testing
Creators: name: Sreekumar, Harikrishnan
name: Hüpel, Yannik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: RSE
Software Engineering
Software Testing

description: Scientific software is in many disciplines crucial for understanding and reusing research data and a cornerstone for reproducibility of research results. The HeFDI Code School adresses the need of especially early career researchers on learning how to create good scientific software and increase the quality of their code for better reusability and sustainability. Together with the colleagues from Suresoft project and NFDI4Ing we offer a series of four workshops. Participants of these workshops will learn methods and techniques to increase the quality of their code, how to produce understandable and therefore reusable code, and to increase the sustainability of scientific software. Workshop - June 23 - Introduction to Software Testing Software testing ensures the proper functioning of a constantly evolving software and helps to quickly identify faults in a software code. This workshop introduces the first steps toward writing various types of software tests for scientific codes along with hands-on sessions. Agenda: Fundamentals and motivation for software testing in scientific codes Hands-On Sessions: Writing unit tests Writing acceptance tests Incorporating and managing code quality tests Test process automation Demonstration of an in-house code testing environment
The Effect of Cannabidiol and HU308 on Extracellular Vesicle Populations of HIV-1 Infected Monocytes
Creators: name: , Vivian
name: , Anastasia
name: , Yuriy
name: Fatah
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Currently, over 38.4 million people are infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Although there is no cure, 75 percent of people infected living with HIV-1 use combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) to stop the progression of HIV-1 into acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Even with cART, viral reservoirs in the brain undergo low and undetectable amounts of HIV-1 replication that result in the release of viral proteins and proinflammatory cytokines in extracellular vesicles (EVs). As a result, 20-50 percent of people infected with HIV-1 develop a spectrum of HIV-1 Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND). cART has decreased the rate of the most severe form of HAND. However, the prevalence of milder forms of HAND has increased, as neuroinflammation still persists even with cART treatment. Cannabidiol (CBD) and HU308 have been shown to decrease inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), and could have potential therapeutic effects for HAND. In this study, we investigated the effect of CBD and HU308 on HIV-1-infected monocytes.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)