cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does redistribution matter? The decomposition of the fiscal residuum in Italian regions
Creators: name: Simone, Elina De
name: Liberati, Paolo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Fiscal residuum has often been used as an index of the territorial balance between taxes paid and benefits received from the policies of different tiers of government. Its standard calculation, however, conflates what of the residuum is due to the need of financing public spending and what is due to the redistributive aims of government levels. This paper introduces a decomposition that isolates these two elements. The empirical evidence for Italy in the period 2003–15 shows that differences in fiscal residua between the northern and the southern regions are smaller than usually calculated. A clear difference, instead, emerges in special statute regions.
Microalbuminuria in HIV infection
Creators: name: Shlipak, Michael G.
name: Scherzer, Rebecca
name: Van Der Horst, Charles
name: Canchola, Jesse A.
name: Szczech, Lynda Anne
name: Sidney, Stephen
name: Grunfeld, Carl
name: Wohl, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Microalbuminuria is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The objective of the study was to evaluate if HIV infection was an independent risk factor for microalbuminuria.
The imperial treasury: appraisal methodology and regional economic performance in the UK
Creators: name: Coyle, Diane
name: Sensier, Marianne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: The disparity between the least and most productive regions in the UK is wide by the standards of many other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) economies. An important factor is the concentration of public investment around London. The appraisal process for infrastructure investment projects follows the methodology set out in HM Treasury’s The Green Book. It is argued that this methodology has reinforced the regional imbalance; that recent changes are unlikely by themselves to redress the London bias in infrastructure; and that infrastructure investments also need to be based on a strategic view about economic development for the whole of the UK.
Higgs and Dark Matter Physics in the Type-II Two-Higgs-Doublet Model inspired by E_6 GUT
Creators: name: Ko, P.
name: Omura, Yuji
name: Yu, Chaehyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Higgs and dark matter physics in the type-II two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) with an extra U(1)_H gauge symmetry, inspired by the E_6 grand unified theory (GUT). From the viewpoint of the bottom-up approach, the additional U(1)_H gauge symmetry plays a crucial role in avoiding the tree-level flavor changing neutral currents mediated by neutral Higgs bosons in general 2HDMs. In the model with U(1)_H gauge symmetry, which has Type-II Yukawa couplings, we have to introduce additional chiral fermions that are charged under the U(1)_H gauge symmetry as well as under the Standard-Model (SM) gauge symmetry in order to cancel chiral gauge anomalies. For the U(1)_H charge assignment and the extra matters, we adopt the ones inspired by the E_6 GUT: the extra quark-like and lepton-like fermions with the non-trivial U(1)_H charges. We discuss their contributions to the physical observables, such as the measurements of Higgs physics and electro-weak interactions, and investigate the consistency with the experimental results. Furthermore, we could find extra neutral particles like the SM neutrinos after the electro-weak symmetry breaking, and they could be stable, because of the remnant symmetry after U(1)_H symmetry breaking. We also discuss the thermal relic density and the (in)direct-detections of this dark matter candidate.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, version published in JHEP
Temperature-dependent Optimized Calibration of a MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit
Creators: name:  D. CHOUKROUN
name:   E. MEIROVICH
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: FLIGHT DYNAMICS
GNC
AVIONICS
EQUIPMENT
IMAGE PROCESSING

description: This paper is concerned with the temperature-dependent calibration of MEMS inertial measurement units (IMU). Calibration is the process of estimating time-invariant parameters that characterize the IMU output errors. These errors depend on the angular rates, the linear accelerations, and the temperature experienced by the device. Given these inputs, previous works emphasized the development of estimators, from least-squares batch estimators to Kalman filters or artificial neural networks. Our focus is this work is the optimization of these inputs. Several maximization problems of the observability Gramian determinant or trace are proposed with constraints that are derived from operational limitations. Three approaches are deterministic. The first two are parametric where the input profiles are low-order time polynomials, or step and ramp functions with optimized switching times. A third approach is nonparametric and relies on time discretization of the input functions. A fourth approach is probabilistic and seeks the best joint distributions of the temperature and rates, which are modeled as random variables. The design approaches are first verified on a single gyro model before being applied to the three-axes gyroscope case. The design model includes biases, scale factors non-linearity of order 4 in the angular rate, misalignment and nonorthogonality parameters. All parameters are expressed as third-order temperature polynomials. Best profiles of the input temperature and of the angular rates are obtained by merging the randomized approach and the deterministic nonparametric approach. The sensitivity of the optimized cost is investigated by varying key parameters: the total calibration time, the initial temperature, the sequence of the angular rates, and the time spent at each rate. The method is verified by extensive simulations. The method is then validated via an experiment using approximated best profiles. For the calibration of the accelerometers the input temperature profile is identical to that of the gyroscopes. The performances are compared with calibration results based on standard profiles of the angular rates and temperature. The proposed approach outperforms the standard one by up to one order of magnitude in the gyroscopes angular rate prediction error. The residual errors are not temperature dependent. A breakdown of the error shows that biases, scale factors, and misalignment contribute evenly.
Experimental Estimation of the Effective Emissivity of a Space-borne MLI Based on Design Parameters
Creators: name:  G.Y. KIM
name:   J. CHANG
name:   J. KIM
name:   H. HUH
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: SPACE EXPLORATION
ISRU

description: Satellites in the space mission are exposed to extremely hot (~ +100 ?) and cold (~ -100 ?) space environments. To develop reliable and sustainable satellites, thermal control is required for sensors and satellites. Also, it is required to minimize power consumption of satellites such as heater power. For these reasons, space-borne MLI (Multi-Layer Insulation) is generally applied on the outer wall of satellites. Heater power consumption of a satellite can be decreased by minimizing the radiant heat loss between a satellite and space by using a space-borne MLI. Generally, evaluation of MLI performance is estimated with the effective emissivity (?^*). Chungnam National University (CNU) constructed an experiment system to estimate the effective emissivity of MLI samples. The vacuum level of the chamber was kept below the level of 6.00?10?^(-5) torr. Standard stabilizing condition of temperature was conducted by 0.5 ?/hr. Twenty filler layers MLI showed the highest performance compared to the other filler layers. To improve the performance of MLI, several experiments were performed with other design parameters such as multi-layers of MLI, types of stand-off, and effective distance of stand-off, which clip on a MLI. Twenty layers MLI, which showed the highest performance, was divided into a design composition into single and multi-layers (5+15 layers, 10+10 layers). As a result, multi MLI layers showed lower effective emissivity compared to the single 20 layers, which means an increase in MLI performance. Other design parameters were conducted with stand-off types (standard, two-step, long), and the number of stand-off (8 pcs., 4 pcs). In the case of 8 number of stand-off, two-step type showed lower effective emissivity compared to the standard type. Similarly, in the case of 4 number of stand-off, the two-step type showed the same tendency as the 8 number of stand-off. In summary, an experiment system was constructed to estimate the effective emissivity of a space-borne MLI, and the effectiveness of each design parameter to minimize the effective emissivity was confirmed. Based on experimental results, 20 multi-layers (10+10) with 8 number of two-step types of MLI showed the highest performance. In addition, in order to increase the reliability of the effective emissivity estimation, an equation that reflects design parameters is required. Therefore, in future works, an effective emissivity equation, which is based on heat transfer mechanism MLI design parameters, will be constructed, and an equation will be validated with experimental results.
Über die Existenz einer spezifisch christlichen Moral des Humanums
Creators: name: Rhonheimer, Martin
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 4 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 4
Forming a cube from a sphere with tetratic order
Creators: name: Manyuhina, O. V.
name: Bowick, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composed of square particles, the tetratic phase is characterised by a four-fold symmetry with quasi-long-range orientational order but no translational order. We construct the elastic free energy for tetratics and find a closed form solution for 1/4-disclinations in planar geometry. Applying the same covariant formalism to a sphere we show analytically that within the one elastic constant approximation eight +1/4-disclinations favor positions defining the vertices of a cube. The interplay between defect-defect interactions and bending energy results in a flattening of the sphere towards superspheroids with the symmetry of a cube.
description: main text + supplemental material; accepted for publication in PRL
Phase transition beneath the superconducting dome in BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Debanjan
name: Orenstein, J.
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory for the large suppression of the superfluid-density, $ρ_s$, in BaFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ in the vicinity of a putative spin-density wave quantum critical point at a P-doping, $x=x_{c}$. We argue that the transition becomes weakly first-order in the vicinity of $x_{c}$, and disorder induces puddles of superconducting and antiferromagnetic regions at short length-scales; thus the system becomes an electronic micro-emulsion. We propose that frustrated Josephson couplings between the superconducting grains suppress $ρ_s$. In addition, the presence of `normal' quasiparticles at the interface of the frustrated Josephson junctions will give rise to a highly non-trivial feature in the low frequency response in a narrow vicinity around $x_c$. We propose a number of experiments to test our theory.
description: 4.5 pages, 4 figures; (v2) made some textual changes for increased clarity. This version also includes a new figure, supplementary material and updated references
A deep Chandra observation of the hot gaseous halo around a rare, extremely massive and relativistic jet launching spiral galaxy
Creators: name: Walker, S. A.
name: Bagchi, J.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep Chandra observation of the extremely massive spiral galaxy 2MASX J23453268-0449256, the first X-ray observation of this very rare system which features the largest known relativistic jets from a spiral galaxy. We detect extended X-ray emission from the hot halo surrounding the galaxy, reaching out to 80 kpc in radius. The hot halo is elongated along the plane of the spiral galaxy, and one possibility is that the powerful relativistic jets have disrupted the hot halo gas located perpendicular to the disk. Our calculations indicate that it is energetically feasible that the AGN feedback in this system could have uplifted or completely expelled a significant fraction of the gas in the 20-80 kpc radial range. We also detect extended emission which appears to be associated with the inner and outer southern radio lobes, and is possibly the result of inverse Compton emission. Using the observed X-ray and radio luminosity of the central AGN, the fundamental plane of Gultekin et al. predicts a black hole mass of 5x10^8 M_solar, with a range of 1x10^8 - 3x10^9 M_solar when the scatter in the fundamental plane relation is taken into account. This is consistent with the possibility that an exceptionally massive (>10^9 M_solar) black hole lies at the centre of this galaxy, as suggested by the M_BH-sigma scaling relation, but a tighter constraint cannot be made.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
UQ and AI: data fusion, inverse identification, and multiscale uncertainty propagation in aerospace components
Creators: name: Pepper, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: A key requirement for engineering designs is that they offer good performance across a range of uncertain conditions while exhibiting an admissibly low probability of failure. In order to design components that offer good performance across a range of uncertain conditions, it is necessary to take account of the effect of the uncertainties associated with a candidate design. Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) methods are statistical methods that may be used to quantify the effect of the uncertainties inherent in a system on its performance. This thesis expands the envelope of UQ methods for the design of aerospace components, supporting the integration of UQ methods in product development by addressing four industrial challenges. Firstly, a method for propagating uncertainty through computational models in a hierachy of scales is described that is based on probabilistic equivalence and Non-Intrusive Polynomial Chaos (NIPC). This problem is relevant to the design of aerospace components as the computational models used to evaluate candidate designs are typically multiscale. This method was then extended to develop a formulation for inverse identification, where the probability distributions for the material properties of a coupon are deduced from measurements of its response. We demonstrate how probabilistic equivalence and the Maximum Entropy Principle (MEP) may be used to leverage data from simulations with scarce experimental data- with the intention of making this stage of product design less expensive and time consuming. The third contribution of this thesis is to develop two novel meta-modelling strategies to promote the wider exploration of the design space during the conceptual design phase. Design Space Exploration (DSE) in this phase is crucial as decisions made at the early, conceptual stages of an aircraft design can restrict the range of alternative designs available at later stages in the design process, despite limited quantitative knowledge of the interaction between requirements being available at this stage. A histogram interpolation algorithm is presented that allows the designer to interactively explore the design space with a model-free formulation, while a meta-model based on Knowledge Based Neural Networks (KBaNNs) is proposed in which the outputs of a high-level, inexpensive computer code are informed by the outputs of a neural network, in this way addressing the criticism of neural networks that they are purely data-driven and operate as black boxes. The final challenge addressed by this thesis is how to iteratively improve a meta-model by expanding the dataset used to train it. Given the reliance of UQ methods on meta-models this is an important challenge. This thesis proposes an adaptive learning algorithm for Support Vector Machine (SVM) metamodels, which are used to approximate an unknown function. In particular, we apply the adaptive learning algorithm to test cases in reliability analysis.
Branding Good Corporate Governance: A Pathway to Strengthen Investors’ Perception and Brand Equity
Creators: name: Azaz Zaman
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 140207 Financial Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150303 Corporate Governance and Stakeholder Engagement
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)

description: This article argues that practicing good corporate governance is not enough in this highly competitive market place; corporate leaders need to market their good corporate governance practices in order to make the company more attractive to investors.
A framework for analyzing ecological trait-based models in multi-dimensional niche spaces
Creators: name: Biancalani, Tommaso
name: DeVille, Lee
name: Goldenfeld, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop an theoretical approach for predicting biodiversity in multi-dimensional niche spaces, arising due to ecological drivers such as competitive exclusion. The novelty of our approach relies on the fact that ecological niches are described by sequences of strings, which allows us to describe multiple traits. We define the mathematical framework for analyzing pattern forming instabilities in these models, showing surprisingly that the analytic linear theory predicts the asymptotically long time population distributions of niches in the model. We propose a test for identifying ecological drivers in biodiversity distributions, based on representing ecosystem data by means of a certain transform introduced in the theory.
"Er hat sie durch sein Blut gereinigt"
Creators: name: Hälbig, Klaus W.
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 4 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 4
Assessing the Readiness of Dental Students in Providing Dental Health Education (DHE) Regarding Sugar: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Nawwal Alwani Mohd Radzi
name: Azizan, Nur Diyana
name: Adnan, Sara Yasmin
name: Nor Faezah Md Bohari
name: Bakri, Noor Nazahiah
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: This study assessed dental students’ readiness in giving information about dietary sugar intake and the effectiveness of the intervention in increasing their knowledge when giving sugar-related advice to patients. Materials and Methods: 176 dental students from Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) participated in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was administered to Year 3, 4 and 5 dental students in the classroom that assessed their basic knowledge and perceived readiness in educating patients regarding sugar before and after the intervention. The interventions were inclusive of a handheld brochure and a 90-second video projection regarding hidden sugars, recommended daily sugar intake and how to identify sugar content on food labels. Results: The students’ basic knowledge regarding sugar and their perceived readiness were significantly improved following the intervention. The mean scores for baseline was 5.69, (SD = 1.331) and post-intervention score was 9.87, (SD= 0.355), p value < 0.05 and 95% CI. The score remains higher than the baseline 4 weeks after the intervention with 9.04 (SD= 0.858), p value < 0.05 and 95% CI. Conclusion: The intervention improved the students’ knowledge in delivering sugar-related advices and some aspects of food label literacy regarding sugar. This will facilitate and empower the students to deliver consistent and practical messages about sugar with regards to oral and general health to their patients.
Blackbody friction force on a relativistic small neutral particle
Creators: name: Volokitin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The friction force acting on a small neutral particle during relativistic motion relative to the blackbody radiation is calculated in the framework of fluctuation electrodynamics. It is shown that the particle acceleration is determined by the friction force in the particle rest reference frame ($K^{\prime}$-frame) which in general is not equal to the friction force in the frame of the blackbody radiation ($K$-frame). The difference between the friction forces in the different frames is connected with the change of the rest mass of a particle due to the absorption and emission of radiation. The friction force in the $K^{\prime}$-frame is determined only by the interaction of a particle with the blackbody radiation. In the $K$-frame the interaction of a particle with its own thermal radiation also contributes to the friction force. For the steady state temperature of a particle the friction forces in the $K^{\prime}$-and $K$-frames are equal. For an atom the blackbody friction is determined by the electronic linewidth broadening which is calculated considering the interaction of an atom with its own radiation. In the ultrarelativistic case ($1-β\rightarrow 0$) for an atom the friction force diverges as $(1-β)^{-3}$ and the (average) temperature of an atom $T_2\approx (1-β)^{-3/8}T_1$, where $T_1$ is the temperature of the blackbody radiation and $β=V/c$. Controversies in the theory of the blackbody friction are discussed.
description: 7 pages
DNS of flow inside pipes with large relative roughness height
Creators: name:  MARIANGELA DE MAIO
name:   BEATRICE LATINI
name:   FRANCESCO NASUTI
name:   SERGIO PIROZZOLI
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: PIPE FLOW
ROUGHNESS
HEAT TRANSFER
TURBULENCE
DNS

description: We carry out direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent flow in rough pipes, to investigate the influence of large relative roughness on both momentum and heat transfer. Two types of irregular roughness are studied, namely a grit-blasted and a graphite surface. Simulations are conducted across various Reynolds numbers, spanning from laminar to fully rough conditions, while maintaining a constant molecular Prandtl number of 0.7. Despite the large relative roughness, the results closely follow those of Nikuradse and a logarithmic region in the streamwise velocity profiles can still be highlighted. Nevertheless, the flow retains an influence on the rough duct cross-sectional shape. Indeed, the values of the friction coefficient in the laminar region differs of about 7 -9% from the theoretical values. Furthermore, we found differences between the velocity roughness function computed for the pipe and the one obtained for a flat channel with identical wall roughness. Variations can be observed between the velocity and temperature fields, resulting in velocity roughness functions that are larger in comparison to the temperature roughness functions. The aforementioned differences arise due to the decrease in heat exchange efficiency as Reynolds number increases, causing the breakdown of the Reynolds analogy.
MOESM1 of Species disparity response to mutagenesis of marine yeasts for the potential production of biodiesel
Creators: name: Boutheina Bessadok
name: Santulli, Andrea
name: Breuck, Thomas
name: Saloua Sadok
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Analysis of variance (ANOVA)of the experiment (pâ  =â  0.05). (SS: sum of squares, dF: degrees of freedom, MS: mean square, F: statistics, p: Probability). Summarizes the results of fitting the models of the experimental design to the data by the F test and p value.
Mass spectra and decay properties of $D$ Meson in a relativistic Dirac formalism
Creators: name: Shah, Manan
name: Patel, Bhavin
name: Vinodkumar, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass spectra of $D$ meson states are calculated in the framework of a relativistic independent quark model. For the present study, we have used the martin like potential for the quark confinement. Our predicted states in S-wave, $2\ ^3S_1$ (2605.86 MeV) and $2\ ^1S_0$ (2521.72 MeV) are in very good agreement with experimental result of $2608\pm{2.4}\pm{2.5}$ MeV and $2539.4\pm{4.5}\pm{6.8}$ MeV respectively reported by BABAR Collaboration. The calculated P-wave $D$ meson states, $1^3P_2$ (2468.22 MeV), $1^3P_1$ (2404.94 MeV), $1^3P_0$ (2315.24 MeV) and $1^1P_1$ (2367.94 MeV) are in close agreement with experimental average (Particle Data Group) values of $2462.6 \pm 0.7 $ MeV, $2427 \pm 26 \pm 25$ MeV, $2318 \pm 29 $ MeV and $2421.3 \pm 0.6 $ MeV respectively. The pseudoscalar decay constant ($f_P$= 202.57 MeV) of $D$ meson obtained using this relativistic formalism is in very good agreement with the experiment as well as with the lattice and other available theoretical predictions. The Cabibbo favoured hadronic decay branching ratios, BR$(D^0\rightarrow K^- π^+)$ as $3.835 \%$ and BR $(D^0\rightarrow K^+ π^-)$ as $1.069 \times 10^{-4} $ are also in very good agreement with the respective experimental values of $ 3.91 \pm 0.08\%$ and $(1.48\pm 0.07) \times 10^{-4}$ reported by CLEO Collaboration. Our predicted results in leptonic decay widths of $D$ meson are also in better accord with experiment as well as other theoretical results. The mixing parameters of $D^0 - \bar{D}^0$ oscillation, $x_q$ (5.14 $\times 10^{-3}$), $y_q$ (6.02 $\times 10^{-3}$) and $R_M$ (3.13 $\times 10^{-5}$) are in very good agreement with BaBar and Belle Collaboration results.
description: 26 Pages, 10 Tables, 3 figures,. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1402.4227; text overlap with arXiv:hep-ex/0606040 by other authors
The Supersymmetric Standard Models with a Pseudo-Dirac Gluino from Hybrid $F-$ and $D-$Term Supersymmetry Breakings
Creators: name: Ding, Ran
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Staub, Florian
name: Tian, Chi
name: Zhu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the Supersymmetric Standard Models (SSMs) with a pseudo-Dirac gluino from hybrid $F-$ and $D-$term supersymmetry (SUSY) breakings. Similar to the SSMs before the LHC, all the supersymmetric particles in the Minimal SSM (MSSM) obtain the SUSY breaking soft terms from the traditional gravity mediation and have masses within about 1 TeV except gluino. To evade the LHC SUSY search constraints, the gluino also has a heavy Dirac mass above 3 TeV from $D-$term SUSY breaking. Interestingly, such a heavy Dirac gluino mass will not induce the electroweak fine-tuning problem. We realize such SUSY breakings via an anomalous $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry inspired from string models. To maintain the gauge coupling unification and increase the Higgs boson mass, we introduce extra vector-like particles. We study the viable parameter space which satisfies all the current experimental constraints, and present a concrete benchmark point. This kind of models not only preserves the merits of pre-LHC SSMs such as naturalness, dark matter, etc, but also solves the possible problems in the SSMs with Dirac gauginos due to the $F$-term gravity mediation.
description: 6 pages,3 figures,revised version
Single cell visualization of transcription kinetics variance of highly mobile identical genes using 3D nanoimaging
Creators: name: Annibale, Paolo
name: Gratton, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Both multi-cell biochemical assays and single cell fluorescence measurements have revealed that the elongation rate of Polymerase II (PolII) in eukaryotes varies largely across different cell types and genes. However, there is not yet a consensus whether intrinsic factors such as the position, local mobility or the engagement by an active molecular mechanism of a genetic locus could be the determinants of the observed heterogeneity. Employing high-speed 3D fluorescence nanoimaging we resolve here at the single cell level multiple, distinct regions of mRNA synthesis within a labeled transgene array. By employing phasor analysis, a fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy technique, we demonstrate that these regions are active transcription sites that release mRNA molecules in the nucleoplasm, and we extract the local PolII elongation rate. While we detect a range of 10-100 bp/s for PolII elongation from cell to cell, we are now also able to measure up to a four-fold variation in the average elongation between identical copies of the same gene measured simultaneously within the same cell. Furthermore, we are able to visualize changes of PolII elongation as a function of time. We observe a correlation between the average elongation rate measured in a locus and its local mobility. Finally, by cross-correlating the transcriptional activity with the nm-sized movements of the active loci, we provide evidence of an active molecular mechanism determining displacements of the transcription sites concomitant to increases in transcriptional activity. Together these observations demonstrate that local factors, such as chromatin local mobility and the microenvironment of the transcription site, are an important source of transcription kinetics variability.
description: 56 pages, 5 main figures and 10 supplementary figures
Die Medien oder das verordnete Mittelmaß
Creators: name: Straub, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 4 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 4
Zur katholischen Position im Abtreibungs-"Recht"
Creators: name: Dyba, Johannes
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 3 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 3
Data-driven Turbulence Modeling Using Field Inversion and Deep Symbolic Regression
Creators: name:  CHENYU WU
name:  YUFEI ZHANG
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: TURBULENCE
DISCRETE-ADJOINT
SYMBOLIC-REGRESSION
DATA-DRIVEN

description: Neural network-based, data-driven turbulence models substantially enhance the predictive capabilities for separated flows, but their generalizability to new, distinct scenarios is limited and interpretation challenging. To overcome these issues, we employ deep symbolic regression to create an analytical correction term for the Shear-Stress Transport (SST) model. The training data is generated via the field inversion method from Large Eddy Simulation (LES) data ofa curved-backward-facing step. This augmented model demonstrates promising performance in separated flows that differ significantly from the training set, inclusive of complex 3D cases.
Beratung - zum Leben oder zum Tod der Leibesfrucht?
Creators: name: Niebler, Engelbert
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 3 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 3
Fields, particles and universality in two dimensions
Creators: name: Delfino, Gesualdo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the use of field theory for the exact determination of universal properties in two-dimensional statistical mechanics. After a compact derivation of critical exponents of main universality classes, we turn to the off-critical case, considering systems both on the whole plane and in presence of boundaries. The topics we discuss include magnetism, percolation, phase separation, interfaces, wetting.
description: 58 pages, 19 figures. Expanded notes of lectures given at the school "Statistical Field Theories", GGI Arcetri, Florence, February 2015; v2: references added
A FEMINIST GEOPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVE ON RACIALIZATION OF SYRIAN REFUGEES IN TURKEY
Creators: name: Aykaç, Betül
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This study examines racialization discourse and practices against Syrian refugees in Turkey through an everyday geopolitical perspective. Turkey hosts the largest number of Syrian refugees in the world consecutively since 2014. However, even after a decade since the arrival of the first Syrian refugees in 2011, the Turkish government has not initiated any systemic program for refugees’ social integration or formal employment. Amid the lack of a systematic refugee policy, Syrians have been accused of causing disorder and threat within the country and become the target of racist and discriminatory attacks in everyday life. Employing feminist geopolitics literature, this thesis focuses on these acts and discourses through an in-depth temporal and geopolitical perspective and demonstrates that racist discourses and practices targeting Syrian refugees are rooted in Turkey’s broader socio-political anti-Arab historiography.
title: P2-type layered high-entropy oxides as sodium-ion cathode materials
Creators: name: Wang, Junbo
name: Dreyer, Sören L.
name: Wang, Kai
name: Ding, Ziming
name: Diemant, Thomas
name: Karkera, Guruprakash
name: Ma, Yanjiao
name: Sarkar, Abhishek
name: Zhou, Bei
name: Gorbunov, Mikhail V.
name: Omar, Ahmad
name: Mikhailova, Daria
name: Presser, Volker
name: Fichtner, Maximilian
name: Hahn, Horst
name: Brezesinski, Torsten
name: Breitung, Ben
name: Wang, Qingsong
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2022

description: P2-type layered oxides with the general Na-deficient composition NaxTMO₂ (x < 1, TM: transition metal) are a promising class of cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. The open Na+ transport pathways present in the structure lead to low diffusion barriers and enable high charge/discharge rates. However, a phase transition from P2 to O2 structure occurring above 4.2 V and metal dissolution at low potentials upon discharge results in rapid capacity degradation. In this work, we demonstrate the positive effect of configurational entropy on the stability of the crystal structure during battery operation. Three different compositions of layered P2-type oxides were synthesized by solid-state chemistry, Na₀.₆₇(Mn₀.₅₅Ni₀.₂₁Co₀.₂₄)O₂, Na₀.₆₇(Mn₀.₄₅Ni₀.₁₈Co₀.₂₄Ti₀.₁Mg₀.₀₃)O₂ and Na₀.₆₇(Mn₀.₄₅Ni₀.₁₈Co₀.₁₈Ti₀.₁Mg₀.₀₃Al₀.₀₄Fe₀.₀₂)O₂ with low, medium and high configurational entropy, respectively. The high-entropy cathode material shows lower structural transformation and Mn dissolution upon cycling in a wide voltage range from 1.5 to 4.6 V. Advanced operando techniques and post-mortem analysis were used to probe the underlying reaction mechanism thoroughly. Overall, the high-entropy strategy is a promising route for improving the electrochemical performance of P2 layered oxide cathodes for advanced sodium-ion battery applications.
A Heterotic QCD Axion
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Evgeny I.
name: Constantin, Andrei
name: Lukas, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a KSVZ axion with a decay constant in the phenomenologically allowed range can be obtained in certain $E_8\times E_8$ heterotic string models. These models have an enhanced symmetry locus in the moduli space, and a non-universal, Kahler moduli dependent Fayet-Iliopoulos term which vanishes at this locus. Close to this locus the Fayet-Iliopoulos term is small and can lead to an axion decay constant significantly lower than the string scale. In this way, the no-go arguments of Svrcek and Witten, which are based on a universal, dilaton-dependent Fayet-Iliopoulos term, can be avoided. The relevant axion originates from phases of bundle moduli which correspond to deformations away from the enhanced symmetry locus. We construct an explicit example, based on a heterotic line bundle standard model, with all the required ingredients.
description: 14 pages; v2: minor corrections, references added
Numerical investigation on heat transfer of Rocket Engine Cooling Channel for different LNG Under Trans and Super-Critical Conditions
Creators: name:  IBRAHEEM NASSER
name:   CHIARA MANFLETTI
name:   TIZIANO SANTESE
name:   OSKAR HAIDN
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: COOLING CHANNEL
LNG
SUPERCRITICAL PRESSURE
LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE

description: This study is focused on understanding the effect of impurities in LNG flow inside the cooling channels of rocket engines. LNG cooling systems\' flow evolution and cooling capability are investigated numerically. The results show that to avoid two-phase flow in the cooling channel, the exit pressure from the cooling channel should be more than the critical pressure 4.611Pa for pure methane and more than the cricondenbar 5.1 and 7.511Pa for lean and rich LNG, respectively. The pressure drops decreased with increasing ethane, propane, and butane content. Cooling capabilities for pure methane and lean LNG are lower than for Rich LNG.
Exit from Inflation with a First-Order Phase Transition and a Gravitational Wave Blast
Creators: name: Ashoorioon, Amjad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In double-field inflation, which exploits two scalar fields, one of the fields rolls slowly during inflation whereas the other field is trapped in a meta-stable vacuum. The nucleation rate from the false vacuum to the true one becomes substantial enough that triggers a first order phase transition and ends inflation. We revisit the question of first order phase transition in an "extended" model of hybrid inflation, realizing the double-field inflationary scenario, and correctly identify the parameter space that leads to a first order phase transition at the end of inflation. We compute the gravitational wave profile which is generated during this first order phase transition. Assuming instant reheating, the peak frequency falls in the $1$ GHz to $10$ GHz frequency band and the amplitude varies in the range $10^{-11}\lesssim Ω_{\rm GW} h^2 \lesssim 10^{-8}$, depending on the value of the cosmological constant in the false vacuum. The signature could be observed by the planned Chongqing high frequency gravitational probe. For a narrow band of vacuum energies, the first order phase transition can happen after the end of inflation via the violation of slow-roll, with a peak frequency that varies from $1$ THz to $100$ THz. For smaller values of cosmological constant, even though inflation can end via slow-roll violation, the universe gets trapped in a false vacuum whose energy drives a second phase of eternal inflation. This range of vacuum energies do not lead to viable inflationary models, unless the value of the cosmological constant is compatible with the observed value, $M\sim 10^{-3}$ eV.
description: v1: 15 pages, 8 Figures; v2: typos corrected;v3: matched the PLB version
Oculus triplex - das dreifache Auge der Erkenntnis
Creators: name: Wolz-Gottwald, Eckard
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 3 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 3
Die "Lectio Divina" und das geistliche Leben
Creators: name: Poirel, Dominique
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 23 Nr. 3 (1994): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 23, Heft 3
Levels of alcohol use and history of HIV testing among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya
Creators: name: King'Ola, Nzioki
name: Mwarogo, Peter
name: L'Engle, Kelly
name: Bengtson, Angela M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: HIV testing is a critical first step to accessing HIV care and treatment, particularly for high-risk groups such as female sex workers (FSWs). Alcohol use may be a barrier to accessing HIV services, including HIV testing. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 818 FSWs in Mombasa, Kenya, and estimated the association between different levels of alcohol use and having never tested for HIV. In multivariable analyses, higher levels of alcohol consumption were associated with having never tested for HIV (PR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.40). Future interventions should explore whether reducing harmful drinking improves HIV testing among FSWs.
Directed Flow Indicates a Crossover Deconfinement Transition in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: Ivanov, Yu. B.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of directed flow ($v_1$) of protons, antiprotons and pions in heavy-ion collisions is performed in the range of incident energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.7--27 GeV. Simulations have been done within a three-fluid model employing a purely hadronic equation of state (EoS) and two versions of the EoS involving deconfinement transitions: a first-order phase transition and a smooth crossover transition. High sensitivity of the directed flow, especially the proton one, to the EoS is found. The crossover EoS is favored by the most part of considered experimental data. A strong wiggle in the excitation function of the proton $v_1$ slope at the midrapidity obtained with the first-order-phase-transition EoS and a smooth proton $v_1$ with positive midrapidity slope, within the hadronic EoS unambiguously disagree with the data. The pion and antiproton $v_1$ also definitely testify in favor of the crossover EoS. The results obtained with deconfinement EoS's apparently indicate that these EoS's in the quark-gluon sector should be stiffer at high baryon densities than those used in the calculation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev. C
Large N Matrix Hyperspheres and the Gauge-Gravity Correspondence
Creators: name: Masuku, Mthokozisi
name: Mulokwe, Mbavhalelo
name: Rodrigues, João P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large N dynamics of a subsector of d=0 interacting complex multi matrix systems, which is naturally parametrized by a matrix valued radial coordinate, and which embodies the canonical AdS/CFT relationship between 't Hooft's coupling constant and radius, is obtained. Unlike the case of the single complex matrix, for two or more complex matrices a new repulsive logarithmic potential is present, as a result of which the density of radial eigenvalues has support on an hyper annulus. For the single complex matrix, the integral over the angular degrees of freedom of the Yang-Mills interaction can be carried out exactly, and in the presence of an harmonic potential, the density of radial eigenvalues is shown to be of the Wigner type.
description: 15 pages - v2: minor text changes in abstract and introduction
Fermi Contour Disintegration of Quasi-2D Electrons in Parallel Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Mueed, M. A.
name: Kamburov, D.
name: Shayegan, M.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: Winkler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quasi two-dimensional electron system with non-zero layer thickness, a parallel magnetic field (B||) can couple to the out-of-plane electron motion and lead to a severe distortion and eventual disintegration of the Fermi contour. Here we directly and quantitatively probe this evolution through commensurability and Shubnikov-de Haas measurements on electrons confined to a 40-nm-wide GaAs (001) quantum well. We are able to observe the Fermi contour disintegration phenomenon, in good agreement with the results of semi-classical calculations. Experimentally we also observe intriguing features, suggesting magnetic-breakdown-type behavior when the Fermi contour disintegrates.