cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Near-Optimal Resilient Aggregation Rules for Distributed Learning Using 1-Center and 1-Mean Clustering with Outliers
Creators: name: Yi, Yuhao
name: You, Ronghui
name: Liu, Hong
name: Liu, Changxin
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Lv, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Byzantine machine learning has garnered considerable attention in light of the unpredictable faults that can occur in large-scale distributed learning systems. The key to secure resilience against Byzantine machines in distributed learning is resilient aggregation mechanisms. Although abundant resilient aggregation rules have been proposed, they are designed in ad-hoc manners, imposing extra barriers on comparing, analyzing, and improving the rules across performance criteria. This paper studies near-optimal aggregation rules using clustering in the presence of outliers. Our outlier-robust clustering approach utilizes geometric properties of the update vectors provided by workers. Our analysis show that constant approximations to the 1-center and 1-mean clustering problems with outliers provide near-optimal resilient aggregators for metric-based criteria, which have been proven to be crucial in the homogeneous and heterogeneous cases respectively. In addition, we discuss two contradicting types of attacks under which no single aggregation rule is guaranteed to improve upon the naive average. Based on the discussion, we propose a two-phase resilient aggregation framework. We run experiments for image classification using a non-convex loss function. The proposed algorithms outperform previously known aggregation rules by a large margin with both homogeneous and heterogeneous data distributions among non-faulty workers. Code and appendix are available at https://github.com/jerry907/AAAI24-RASHB.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by the 38th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI'24)
A contact geometry framework for field theories with dissipation
Creators: name: Gaset, Jordi
name: Gràcia, Xavier
name: Muñoz-Lecanda, Miguel C.
name: Rivas, Xavier
name: Román-Roy, Narciso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15, 53D10, 58A10, 70S05, 70S10, 35R01

description: We develop a new geometric framework suitable for dealing with Hamiltonian field theories with dissipation. To this end we define the notions of $k$-contact structure and $k$-contact Hamiltonian system. This is a generalization of both the contact Hamiltonian systems in mechanics and the $k$-symplectic Hamiltonian systems in field theory. The concepts of symmetries and dissipation laws are introduced and developed. Two relevant examples are analyzed in detail: the damped vibrating string and Burgers' equation.
description: 26 pp. Minor corrections. The bibliography has been updated
Doppler cooling of an optically dense cloud of trapped atoms
Creators: name: Schmidt, Piet O.
name: Hensler, Sven
name: Werner, Jörg
name: Binhammer, Thomas
name: Görlitz, Axel
name: Pfau, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied a general technique for laser cooling a cloud of polarized trapped atoms down to the Doppler temperature. A one-dimensional optical molasses using polarized light cools the axial motional degree of freedom of the atoms in the trap. Cooling of the radial degrees of freedom can be modelled by reabsorption of scattered photons in the optically dense cloud. We present experimental results for a cloud of chromium atoms in a magnetic trap. A simple model based on rate equations shows quantitative agreement with the experimental results. This scheme allows us to readily prepare a dense cloud of atoms in a magnetic trap with ideal starting conditions for evaporative cooling.
description: 8 pages 7 figures
Tra scienza e dati con il Rubin Observatory
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Procede in Cile la costruzione del Vera Rubin Observatory, che tra un paio di anni inizierà a scandagliare il cielo per cercare una risposta ad alcuni tra i più pressanti quesiti dell’astrofisica. Per saperne di più, abbiamo intervistato Federica Bianco, ricercatrice presso l’Università del Delaware e coordinatrice dei diversi gruppi scientifici coinvolti nel progetto, che insegna data science negli Stati Uniti e ha recentemente tenuto un corso anche in Italia
Quando lo shock incontra la turbolenza
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un team del gruppo di Astrofisica geofisica e fisica dei plasmi dell’Università della Calabria ha messo a punto un modello numerico che aiuta a comprendere in dettaglio l’interazione tra onde di shock e turbolenza. Il risultato, pubblicato sull’ultimo numero di Pnas (che gli ha dedicato la copertina), ha diverse applicazioni nel campo dell’astrofisica
Alla ricerca di segnali extraterrestri
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Breakthrough Listen e Kaggle hanno ideato una challenge per setacciare i dati dei radiotelescopi alla ricerca di segnali alieni. Ai partecipanti si chiede di identificare segnali anomali inseriti artificialmente nelle scansioni dei target del Green Bank Telescope, allo scopo di identificare nuovi algoritmi di riconoscimento dei segnali extraterrestri
Dolichocolon meii Cerretti & Shima 2011, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Cerretti, Pierfilippo
name: Shima, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Dolichocolon
Dolichocolon meii

description: DOLICHOCOLON MEII SP. NOV. (FIG. 5A–E)    Type material: Holotype ♂: [Ethiopia] Miss E. Zavattari / Sagan-Omo A.O.I / El Banno [4°51′0.05′′N 37°23′59.96′′E, 1250 m]/ 1.V.1939 [MZUR].
 Etymology: Named after our friend and colleague Maurizio Mei (Rome), who sorted the holotype from an old miscellaneous Diptera collection preserved at MZUR.
 Description: Body length: 9.3 mm.
 Coloration and pruinescence: Head mainly black. Thickened portion of third aristomere blackishbrown. Pedicel yellow; scutum covered with grey pruinescence, presutural area with five longitudinal dark vittae (as in Fig. 3B). Abdomen mainly black, but largely reddish on sides of tergites 3 and 4; tergites 3–5 almost entirely covered with pruinescence.
 Head: Compound eye bare or apparently so. Second aristomere about seven times as long as wide. Thickened part of third aristomere about as long as second aristomere. Postpedicel 6.5 times as long as pedicel. Vertex at its narrowest point 1.2 times as wide as compound eye in dorsal view. Gena in profile about 0.2 times as high as compound eye. Lateral vertical seta well developed. Postocular setae fine, short, slightly bent anteriorly. Prementum about 1.5 times as long as wide.
 Abdomen: Median marginal setae on syntergite 1 + 2 present. Tergite 3 with one pair of median marginal setae about as long as corresponding tergite. Tergite 4 with a row of eight marginal setae longer than corresponding tergite. Tergite 5 with a row of marginal and discal setae.
 Male terminalia (Fig. 5A–E): Epandrium short, convex. Basal 1/2 of cerci not prominent (Fig. 5A, B); distal 1/3 more or less digitiform, strongly bent posteriorly. Longitudinal carina present, flattened dorsally, its medial margin characterized by several robust setae directed mediobasally (Fig. 5B, C). Cerci with well-developed medial preapical tooth. Surstylus laterally compressed, shovel-like and bent posteriorly; its posterodistal margin straight (Fig. 5A). Base of process of dorsal sclerite of distiphallus with a welldeveloped lobe (Fig. 5D, E).
 Hosts: Unknown.
 Distribution: Afrotropical: Ethiopia.
 DOLICHOCOLON PARADOXUM BRAUER &
description: Published as part of Cerretti, Pierfilippo & Shima, Hiroshi, 2011, World revision of Dolichocolon Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini), pp. 544-584 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (3) on pages 554-555, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00689.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5440699
Superconducting diodes from magnetization gradients
Creators: name: Roig, Mercè
name: Kotetes, Panagiotis
name: Andersen, Brian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting diode effect may exist in bulk systems as well as in junctions when time-reversal and inversion symmetries are simultaneously broken. Magnetization gradients and textures satisfy both requirements and therefore also allow for superconducting diodes. We concretely demonstrate such possibilities in two-dimensional superconductors. We first consider superconducting Rashba metals in the presence of an inhomogeneous out-of-plane exchange field. Using analytical arguments, we reveal that such magnetization gradients stabilize a helical superconducting ground state, similar to homogeneous in-plane magnetic fields. Our predictions are confirmed by employing self-consistent real-space numerical lattice simulations exemplified through the cases of a uniform magnetization gradient or a ferromagnetic domain wall. Furthermore, by considering a phase difference, we determine the nonreciprocal current-phase relations and explore their parameter dependence. Our calculations show that planar devices with out-of-plane magnetization gradients may be as efficient supercurrent rectifiers as their analogs induced by uniform in-plane fields. In addition, they feature the advantage that by means of tailoring the spatial profile of the out-of-plane magnetization, one may optimize and spatially control the diode effect. Finally, we show that superconducting diodes may become also accessible even in the absence of spin-orbit coupling by means of suitable spatially-varying magnetization fields.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1 of Multiple Cross Displacement Amplification Coupled with Lateral Flow Biosensor (MCDA-LFB) for rapid detection of Legionella pneumophila
Creators: name: Jiang, Luxi
name: Gu, Rumeng
name: Li, Xiaomeng
name: Song, Meijun
name: Huang, Xiaojun
name: Mu, Deguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Astraea: Self-balancing Federated Learning for Improving Classification Accuracy of Mobile Deep Learning Applications
Creators: name: Duan, Moming
name: Liu, Duo
name: Chen, Xianzhang
name: Tan, Yujuan
name: Ren, Jinting
name: Qiao, Lei
name: Liang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is a distributed deep learning method which enables multiple participants, such as mobile phones and IoT devices, to contribute a neural network model while their private training data remains in local devices. This distributed approach is promising in the edge computing system where have a large corpus of decentralized data and require high privacy. However, unlike the common training dataset, the data distribution of the edge computing system is imbalanced which will introduce biases in the model training and cause a decrease in accuracy of federated learning applications. In this paper, we demonstrate that the imbalanced distributed training data will cause accuracy degradation in FL. To counter this problem, we build a self-balancing federated learning framework call Astraea, which alleviates the imbalances by 1) Global data distribution based data augmentation, and 2) Mediator based multi-client rescheduling. The proposed framework relieves global imbalance by runtime data augmentation, and for averaging the local imbalance, it creates the mediator to reschedule the training of clients based on Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) of their data distribution. Compared with FedAvg, the state-of-the-art FL algorithm, Astraea shows +5.59% and +5.89% improvement of top-1 accuracy on the imbalanced EMNIST and imbalanced CINIC-10 datasets, respectively. Meanwhile, the communication traffic of Astraea can be 82% lower than that of FedAvg.
description: Published as a conference paper at IEEE 37th International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD) 2019
Additional file 1: of Systematic review on the comparative effectiveness of foot orthoses in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Tenten-Diepenmaat, Marloes
name: Dekker, Joost
name: Heymans, Martijn
name: Roorda, Leo
name: Vlieland, Thea Vliet
name: Leeden, Marike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Search strategy. (PDF 84 kb)
Europa? Potrebbe essere vulcanicamente attiva
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Secondo un nuovo studio condotto da un team di ricercatori guidati dalla Charles University di Praga, l’interno della luna gioviana Europa potrebbe produrre abbastanza calore da fondere parzialmente il mantello roccioso e alimentare vulcani nel suo oceano d’acqua salata. Se così fosse, Europa potrebbe essere un ambiente potenzialmente abitabile ancora più promettente di quanto gli scienziati immaginassero
Binary Endogenous Treatment in Stochastic Frontier Models with an Application to Soil Conservation in El Salvador
Creators: name: Centorrino, Samuele
name: Pérez-Urdiales, Maria
name: Bravo-Ureta, Boris
name: Wall, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improving the productivity of the agricultural sector is part of one of the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations. To this end, many international organizations have funded training and technology transfer programs that aim to promote productivity and income growth, fight poverty and enhance food security among smallholder farmers in developing countries. Stochastic production frontier analysis can be a useful tool when evaluating the effectiveness of these programs. However, accounting for treatment endogeneity, often intrinsic to these interventions, only recently has received any attention in the stochastic frontier literature. In this work, we extend the classical maximum likelihood estimation of stochastic production frontier models by allowing both the production frontier and inefficiency to depend on a potentially endogenous binary treatment. We use instrumental variables to define an assignment mechanism for the treatment, and we explicitly model the density of the first and second-stage composite error terms. We provide empirical evidence of the importance of controlling for endogeneity in this setting using farm-level data from a soil conservation program in El Salvador.
An empirical analysis of exact algorithms for the unbounded knapsack problem
Creators: name: Becker, Henrique
name: Buriol, Luciana S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6; G.2.1

description: This work presents an empirical analysis of exact algorithms for the unbounded knapsack problem, which includes seven algorithms from the literature, two commercial solvers, and more than ten thousand instances. The terminating step-off, a dynamic programming algorithm from 1966, presented the lowest mean time to solve the most recent benchmark from the literature. The threshold and collective dominances are properties of the unbounded knapsack problem first discussed in 1998, and exploited by the current state-of-the-art algorithms. The terminating step-off algorithm did not exploit such dominances, but has an alternative mechanism for dealing with dominances which does not explicitly exploits collective and threshold dominances. Also, the pricing subproblems found when solving hard cutting stock problems with column generation can cause branch-and-bound algorithms to display worst-case times. The authors present a new class of instances which favors the branch-and-bound approach over the dynamic programming approach but do not have high amounts of simple, multiple and collective dominated items. This behaviour illustrates how the definition of hard instances changes among algorithm approachs. The codes used for solving the unbounded knapsack problem and for instance generation are all available online.
description: 42 pages, 7 tables (one in conclusions, the rest in appendix), 2 diagrams, 1 algorithm, 8 plots
Morita equivalence and duality
Creators: name: Schwarz, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It was shown by Connes, Douglas, Schwarz[1] that one can compactify M(atrix) theory on noncommutative torus. We prove that compactifications on Morita equivalent tori are physically equivalent. This statement can be considered as a generalization of non-classical duality conjectured in [1] for two-dimensional tori.
Additional file 1: of Patterns of multimorbidity associated with 30-day readmission: a multinational study
Creators: name: Aubert, Carole
name: Schnipper, Jeffrey
name: Fankhauser, Niklaus
name: Marques-Vidal, Pedro
name: JĂŠrĂ´Me Stirnemann
name: Auerbach, Andrew
name: Zimlichman, Eyal
name: Kripalani, Sunil
name: Vasilevskis, Eduard
name: Robinson, Edmondo
name: Metlay, Joshua
name: Fletcher, Grant
name: Limacher, Andreas
name: DonzĂŠ, Jacques
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: This article has an additional file, which contains following details on the methods: 1) The list of the 18 body system categories of the Chronic Condition Indicator. 2) Details on categorization of diseases, i.e. the complete list of CCS categories found in the patients, with the number of the respective categories according to CCS classification, and the details on CCS categories merged into broader categories. 3) The additional Figure S1, showing the study flow-chart. (DOCX 52 kb)
Additional file 1: of Anaesthesiology studentsâ Non-Technical skills: development and evaluation of a behavioural marker system for students (AS-NTS)
Creators: name: Moll-Khosrawi, Parisa
name: Kamphausen, Anne
name: Hampe, Wolfgang
name: Schulte-Uentrop, Leonie
name: Zimmermann, Stefan
name: Kubitz, Jens
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: AS-NTS. (DOCX 93 kb)
title: Boeke, Hendrik Enno
title: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
titleType: Subtitle
title: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
name: Eberle, Henrik
Publisher: name: Historisches Datenzentrum Sachsen-Anhalt,Institut für Landesgeschichte (Sachsen-Anhalt)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: History
classificationCode: 4023025-9
subject: Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4023025-9
classificationCode: 4006804-3
subject: Biografie
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4006804-3
classificationCode: 4166546-6
subject: Landesgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4166546-6
classificationCode: 4051181-9
subject: Sachsen-Anhalt
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051181-9
classificationCode: 1048495779
subject: Universität Halle (Saale) | Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1048495779
classificationCode: 2024276-1
subject: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg | Halle (Saale); Wittenberg
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/2024276-1
classificationCode: 4020517-4
subject: Geschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020517-4
classificationCode: 7504326-9
subject: Universitätsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504326-9
classificationCode: 7504427-4
subject: Wissenschaftsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504427-4
subject: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
subject: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
classificationCode: 120134756
subject: Eberle, Henrik | 1970– | Historiker
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/120134756
classificationCode: 116223278
subject: Boeke, Hendrik Enno | 1881–1921 | Mineraloge
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/116223278

description: Das Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt versammelt in Erst- und Zweitveröffentlichung oder zu Zwecken der Langzeitarchivierung Biografien von Menschen aus und in Sachsen-Anhalt. Integriert wurde der Catalogus Professorum Halensis, der durch Mitarbeitende des Instituts für Geschichte der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg entstand. Dabei handelt es sich um ein bio-bibliografisches Online-Lexikon zu den Professoren der Universität Halle zwischen 1694 und 1968. Die Texte wurden vor allem von Henrik Eberle und anderen Mitarbeitenden zwischen 2005 und 2010 recherchiert und erstellt. Etliche Artikel zum Zeitraum 1694 bis 1817 verfasste Julia Schopferer. Bei der Überführung in das Biografienportal wurden die Lebensangaben neu recherchiert und Metadaten über Verfahren des Named Entity Recogniton erschlossen. Automatisiert erkannt wurden Personennamen, Ortsbezeichnungen und Körperschaften, die in der hier vorhandenen RTF-Datei indexiert vorliegt. Zudem wurden diese mit GND-Einträgen abgeglichen. Weiterhin erfolgte ein Abgleich mit der „Ontologie der historischen, deutschsprachigen Amts- und Berufsbezeichnungen“. Die Texte liegen im Jahr 2024 in zweifacher Ausgabe im Catalogus Professorum Halensis des Universitätsarchivs und des Biografienportals des Historischen Datenzentrums Sachsen-Anhalts vor. Sie werden hier für die Langzeitarchivierung der ursprünglichen Fassung archiviert.
description: https://www.catalogus-professorum-halensis.de/
description: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt: https://www.histdata.uni-halle.de/
Baby boom simultaneo in 36 lontane galassie
Creators: Laura Leonardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Trentasei galassie nane – a più di un milione di anni luce di distanza l’una dall’altra, dunque in teoria del tutto indipendenti – hanno attraversato contemporaneamente una fase di intensa formazione stellare. Una scoperta sorprendente che sfida le teorie attuali sull’evoluzione galattica. I risultati sono pubblicati su The Astrophysical Journal
The G-M-N motif determines ion selectivity in the yeast magnesium channel Mrs2p
Creators: name: Sponder, Gerhard
name: Svidová, Sona
name: Khan, Muhammad Bashir
name: Kolisek, Martin
name: Schweyen, Rudolf J.
name: Carugo, Oliviero
name: Djinović-Carugo, Kristina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie

description: The highly conserved G-M-N motif of the CorA-Mrs2-Alr1 family of Mg2+ channels has been shown to be essential for Mg2+ transport. We performed random mutagenesis of the G-M-N sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mrs2p in an unbiased genetic screen. A large number of mutants still capable of Mg2+ influx, albeit below the wild-type level, were generated. Growth complementation assays, performed in media supplemented with Ca2+ or Co2+ or Mn2+ or Zn2+ at varying concentrations, lead to identification of mutants with reduced growth in the presence of Mn2+ and Zn2+. We hereby conclude that (1) at least two, but predominantly all three amino acids of the G-M-N motif must be replaced by certain combinations of other amino acids to remain functional, (2) replacement of any single amino acid within the G-M-N motif always impairs the function of Mrs2p, and (3) we show that the G-M-N motif determines ion selectivity, likely in concurrence with the negatively charged loop at the entrance of the channel thereby forming the Mrs2p selectivity filter.
title: Thermophiles from Deep Subsurface Waters
Creators: name: Ogg, Christopher David
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Thermophiles
subject: New Lorne Bore
subject: Australia's Great artesian Basin
subject: Thermotalea metallivorans
subject: Fervidicola ferrireducens
subject: Sporolituus thermophilus
subject: Fervidicella metallireducens
subject: Caloramator australicus
subject: Caloramator mitchellensis
subject: Thermovenabulum gondwanense
subject: Desulfotomaculum varum

description: Thermophiles dominate deep subsurface aquifers and represent the most ancient life on the planet. In this project, the culturable diversity of thermophiles that inhabit the world’s largest freshwater geothermal aquifer, Australia’s Great Artesian Basin (GAB), were explored using culture-dependent techniques. These studies largely focused on four unique microbial mat communities that exist in the runoff channel of the New Lorne Bore (registered number 17263) at temperatures between 52 – 72 °C and mostly targeted the cultivation of iron(III)- reducing bacteria due to their considerable influence on subsurface processes and likely involvement in the corrosion of GAB bores and pipelines. During this project a number of novel and modified screening methods were developed including high-throughput microenrichments of thermophiles using Biolog (Biolog Inc., U.S.A.) and U-bottom deep-well (1 ml) microtiter plates (Sarstedt, Germany) amended with seldom tested energy substrates and varied terminal electron acceptors (TEA) such as iron(III), sulphate, vanadium(V) and molybdenum(VI). Phylogenetic analyses of the isolates recovered in this project detected more than 15 novel phylotypes thereby extending the known culturable diversity of the GAB microflora. Complete phenotypic characterisations were performed on 9 GAB thermoanaerobic isolates, which resulted in the descriptions of 8 novel organisms including 4 novel genera: Thermotalea metallivorans (Ogg & Patel, 2009b), Fervidicola ferrireducens (Ogg & Patel, 2009c), Sporolituus thermophilus (Ogg & Patel, 2009d) and Fervidicella metallireducens (Ogg & Patel, 2010); and 4 novel species: Caloramator australicus (Ogg & Patel, 2009a), Caloramator mitchellensis (Ogg & Patel, 2011a), Thermovenabulum gondwanense (Ogg et al., 2010), and Desulfotomaculum varum (Ogg & Patel, 2011c); and amendments to the genus Caloramator (Ogg & Patel, 2011a) [given in Appendices 1 – 8]. Included in these characterisation studies was a modified method for determining an organisms mol % of G + C content of DNA using TempliPhi (Amersham Biosciences, U.K.) genome amplification kits to prepare the high molecular weight (HMW) genomic DNA prior to thermal denaturation. When the phenotypic data resulting from the strain characterisations was combined with the enrichment results, a complex model of the microbial oxidation of organic matter in the GAB at elevated temperatures (50 – 70 °C) was constructed.
A Radio Burst Detection Method Based on the Hough Transform
Creators: name: Zuo, Shifan
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple and fast method for incoherent dedispersion and fast radio burst (FRB) detection based on the Hough transform, which is widely used for feature extraction in image analysis. The Hough transform maps a point in the time-frequency data to a straight line in the parameter space, and points on the same dispersed $f^{-2}$ curve to a bundle of lines all crossing at the same point, thus the curve is transformed to a single point in the parameter space, enabling an easier way for the detection of radio burst. By choosing an appropriate truncation threshold, in a reasonably radio quiet environment, i.e. with radio frequency interferences (RFIs) present but not dominant, the computing speed of the method is very fast. Using simulation data of different noise levels, we studied how the detected peak varies with different truncation thresholds. We also tested the method with some real pulsar and FRB data.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, substantially revised. Version accepted by MNRAS
Business engineering building blocks
Creators: name: Shishkov, Boris
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: In order to utilize the contemporary advanced technology, business processes need sound software support. With respect to this, one frequent cause of software project failure is the mismatch between the business requirements and the actual functionality of the delivered software application. To solve this problem, it is necessary to build software stemming out from a business process model. Aiming at aligning business process modeling and software design in a component-based way, the proposed research investigates the identification of generic business engineering building blocks and their use for building ICT applications which effectively support business processes.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of GRACE and TIMI risk scores in the prediction of in-hospital and long-term outcomes among East Asian non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients
Creators: name: Yanqiao, Lu
name: Shen, Lan
name: Yutong, Miao
name: Linghong, Shen
name: Ben, He
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1 showed the percentage of patients in different risk groups divided by TIMI and GRACE risk score. Kappa value showed the discordance of TIMI and GRACE risk score in grouping different-risk-patients. (Kappa value < 0.4 implied that the correlation between TIMI and GRACE was poor.).
Renormalization of the Regularized Relativistic Electron-Positron Field
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Siedentop, Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the relativistic electron-positron field interacting with itself via the Coulomb potential defined with the physically motivated, positive, density-density quartic interaction. The more usual normal-ordered Hamiltonian differs from the bare Hamiltonian by a quadratic term and, by choosing the normal ordering in a suitable, self-consistent manner, the quadratic term can be seen to be equivalent to a renormalization of the Dirac operator. Formally, this amounts to a Bogolubov-Valatin transformation, but in reality it is non-perturbative, for it leads to an inequivalent, fine-structure dependent representation of the canonical anticommutation relations. This non-perturbative redefinition of the electron/positron states can be interpreted as a mass, wave-function and charge renormalization, among other possibilities, but the main point is that a non-perturbative definition of normal ordering might be a useful starting point for developing a consistent quantum electrodynamics.
description: 11 pages, latex2e
Defect Mediated Sub-Bandgap Optical Absorption in Ion-Implanted Silicon Nano-Wire Waveguide Photodetectors
Creators: Souhan, Brian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Electrical engineering

description: Silicon has numerous benefits as a photonic integrated circuit platform, including optical transparency from 1.1 Âµm to greater than 5 Âµm, tight optical confinement due to its high index of refraction, high third order non-linearity, and lack of two photon absorption at wavelengths above 2.2 Âµm.  Additionally, silicon photonics has the added benefit of decades of fabrication knowledge from the CMOS industry.  Despite these advantages, an enormous challenge exists in two areas, optical sources for silicon photonic integrated circuits, and on the other end, optical detectors for silicon photonic integrated circuits.  The same bandgap energy that leads to the optical transparency at telecom and mid-infrared wavelengths, limits both generation and detection in this same regime.  This dissertation focuses on the detection problem, exploring the use of defect-mediated sub-bandgap optical absorption in ion-implanted silicon nano-wire waveguides.
           Section I of this dissertation focuses on fabrication and the ion-implantation process, including a primer on Shockley-Read-Hall theory and its application to defect-mediated sub-bandgap optical absorption.
           Section II examines the devices for use at telecom wavelengths.  In Chapter 4, the fabrication and characterization of metal-semiconductor-metal ion-implanted silicon nano-wire waveguide photodiodes is examined.  These devices require minimal fabrication, are compatible with standard CMOS fabrication processes, and exhibited responsivities as high as 0.51 A/W and frequency responses greater than 2.6 GHz.  With improved fabrication tolerances, frequency responses of greater than 10 GHz are expected.  Chapter 5 examined these ion-implanted photodiodes in a p-i-n configuration as a high speed data interconnect, demonstrating error free operation at 10 Gbs with expected sensitivities approaching that of Ge detectors.
           Section III extends the above research to longer wavelengths, starting with data reception at 1.9 Âµm in Chapter 6, exhibiting an approximate 5 dB penalty in sensitivity compared to the same diodes at 1.55 Âµm, at a data rate of 1 Gbs, limited by RC due to the 2 mm length of the device.  Chapter 7 goes even further, characterizing Si+ implanted silicon nano-wire waveguides for operation between 2.2 Âµm and 2.35 Âµm.  These devices showed responsivities as high as 9.9 mA/W, with internal quantum efficiencies approaching 5%.  Chapter 8 concludes with the characterization of Zn+ implanted silicon nano-wire waveguides operating in the same wavelength regime, exhibiting higher overall responsivity, albeit at a much higher reverse bias.  These long wavelength devices open up new areas of research for silicon photonics, allowing for CMOS compatible detectors operating into the mid-infrared region, useful for chemical sensing, free-space communications, and medical imaging.
Low-energy structure and $β$ decay properties of neutron-rich nuclei in the region of a shape phase transition
Creators: name: Nomura, Kosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-energy structure and $β$ decay properties of the neutron-rich even-mass nuclei near the neutron number $N=60$ that are experimentally of much interest are investigated within the framework of the nuclear density functional theory and the interacting boson-fermion-fermion model. By using the results of the constrained self-consistent mean-field calculations based on the relativistic energy density functional, the interacting-boson Hamiltonian describing the even-even core nuclei, the boson-fermion, and the fermion-fermion interactions are determined. The Gamow-Teller transition strengths, with the corresponding operator being constructed without introducing further phenomenological adjustment, are computed by using the wave functions of the initial and final nuclei of the $β$ decay. The triaxial quadrupole potential energy surfaces computed for the $N=60$ even-even isotones suggest a pronounced $γ$ softness. The calculated energy spectra for the even-even and odd-odd nuclei in the Rb to Cd isotopic chains exhibit an abrupt change in nuclear structure around $N=60$, as suggested experimentally. The predicted $β$-decay $\log{}_{10}ft$ values underestimate the measured values for the nuclei with low $Z$ and with $N \leqslant 60$, exhibit a rapid increase for $N>60$, reflecting the nuclear structure evolution, and agree rather well with the measured values for those nuclei with $Z$ being not far from the proton major shell closure $Z=50$. Sensitivity of the predicted $β$-decay properties to the model assumptions and parameters employed in the nuclear structure calculations is discussed, specifically, by comparing results obtained based on the different choices of the underlying energy density functional.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables
Additional file 3 of Comparison of GRACE and TIMI risk scores in the prediction of in-hospital and long-term outcomes among East Asian non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients
Creators: name: Yanqiao, Lu
name: Shen, Lan
name: Yutong, Miao
name: Linghong, Shen
name: Ben, He
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 3. Table S3 showed the difference of baseline characteristics between patients with a high GRACE score and those with a low GRACE score in the TIMI medium-risk group. Results were showed as median (interquartile range), or percentage (n%).
Srt scatta una foto di Andromeda a 6.6 GHz
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

La nuova immagine a microonde, oltre a essere senza precedenti, ha permesso di definire nel dettaglio la morfologia della galassia e in particolare di individuare le regioni dove nascono le nuove stelle. I risultati dello studio, frutto della collaborazione fra la Sapienza e l’lstituto nazionale di astrofisica, sono stati pubblicati sulla rivista Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 2: of The acute effects of aerobic exercise on sleep in patients with depression: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Brupbacher, Gavin
name: Straus, Doris
name: Porschke, Hildburg
name: Zander-Schellenberg, Thea
name: Gerber, Markus
name: KĂ¤Nel, Roland Von
name: Schmidt-TrucksĂ¤Ss, Arno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Original consent form in German. (PDF 561 kb)
The exponential rank of non-Archimedean exponential fields
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Franz-Viktor
name: Kuhlmann, Salma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on the work of Hahn, Baer, Ostrowski, Krull, Kaplansky and the Artin-Schreier theory, and stimulated by a paper of S. Lang in 1953, the theory of real places and convex valuations has witnessed a remarkable development and has become a basic tool in the theory of ordered fields and real algebraic geometry. In this paper, we take a further step by adding an exponential function to the ordered field.
A brief introduction to approximate groups
Creators: name: Tointon, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a brief introduction to the notion of an 'approximate group' and some of its numerous applications.
description: 9 pages. This is a translation into English of the author's French article `Raconte-moi... les groupes approximatifs', Gaz. Math. 160 (2019), 53-59. The original French version is available as V1 of this arXiv submission. The journal version of this translation is available at https://www.ems-ph.org/journals/newsletter/pdf/2020-03-115.pdf
All’origine dei fillosilicati di Cerere
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

In uno studio pubblicato su Nature Communication – che vede coinvolti anche Marco Ferrari, Maria Cristina De Sanctis e Simone De Angelis dell’Inaf di Roma – vengono riportati i risultati di esperimenti di laboratorio che simulano gli ambienti fisici e chimici di Cerere, con l'obiettivo di comprendere l'origine e i meccanismi di formazione dei fillosilicati ammoniati presenti sul pianeta nano
Gödel's incompleteness theorem and universal physics theories
Creators: name: Ben-Ya'acov, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ultimate universal theory -- a complete theory that accounts, via few and simple first principles, for all the phenomena already observed and that will ever be observed -- has been, and still is, the aspiration of most physicists and scientists. Yet, a basic principle that is embodied in the results of Gödel's incompleteness theorems is that self-referencing leads to logical conflict or failure, as in the liar paradox or Russell's paradox. In physics theories self-referencing necessarily occurs when it is realized that the observer is also a participant in the experienced phenomena -- we, humans, are part of the universe while observing it. Therefore self-referencing, and consequently logical conflicts, are unavoidable, and any theory pretending to be universal is bound to be incomplete.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Die hard: tardigradi sparati a tremila km/h
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

I tardigradi sono microscopici animaletti invertebrati le cui eccellenti capacità di sopravvivenza in condizioni limite sono armai risapute. Tra queste, riporta ora uno studio pubblicato su Astrobiology, c’è anche la capacità di resistere a impatti a velocità fino a 825 m/s. Condotto da due ricercatori dell’Università del Kent, lo scopo dello studio è stato quello di valutare le implicazioni per la panspermia di questa loro resistenza
C’è etanolammina nel cuore della Via Lattea
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un gruppo internazionale di astrochimici ha scoperto in una nube interstellare della nostra galassia la presenza di etanolammina, una specie molecolare coinvolta nella formazione delle membrane cellulari. L’abbondanza di etanolammina rispetto all'acqua rilevata nel mezzo interstellare dimostra che questa molecola si sia formata nello spazio e che probabilmente sia stata trasportata sulla Terra successivamente con impatti meteoritici
Fluctuation Theorem on a Riemannian Manifold
Creators: name: Cai, Yifan
name: Wang, Tao
name: Zhao, Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the covariant underdamped and overdamped Langevin equations with Stratonovich coupling to multiplicative noises and the associated Fokker-Planck equations on Riemannian manifold, we present the first law of stochastic thermodynamics on the trajectory level. The corresponding fluctuation theorems are also established, with the total entropy production of the Brownian particle and the heat reservoir playing the role of dissipation function.
description: 10 pages. v3: final published version
Ecco chi sono i nostri vicini di casa stellari
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un catalogo in uscita su Astronomy & Astrophysics – compilato tenendo conto anche dei dati più recenti raccolti dalla missione spaziale Gaia dell’Esa – elenca i principali oggetti presenti entro un raggio di 10 parsec (30 anni luce) dal Sole: 541 fra stelle, nane brune ed esopianeti distribuiti su 339 sistemi stellari
Ossigeno e pluricellularità, relazione complicata
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Uno studio pubblicato su Nature Communications mette in discussione la teoria prevalente sullo sviluppo di forme di vita multicellulari sulla Terra, secondo la quale la concentrazione del gas presente nell’atmosfera avrebbe svolto un ruolo cruciale nell’evoluzione di organismi grandi e complessi. I nuovi risultati evidenziano invece che l’ossigeno si sarebbe comportato come un’arma a doppio taglio: fornendo significativi vantaggi metabolici quando abbondante, ma sopprimendo l’evoluzione di organismi multicellulari di grandi dimensioni in condizioni di scarsità
Stelle cadenti di comete a lungo periodo
Creators: Albino Carbognani
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Una massiccia survey di deboli meteore ha permesso di scoprire diversi nuovi sciami associati ad altrettante comete near-Earth a lungo periodo. I deboli sciami di meteore, non associabili a nessuna cometa nota, possono essere usati come “traccianti” di comete a lungo periodo ancora da scoprire, permettendo così di mitigare il potenziale rischio impatto di oggetti near-Earth con la Terra
Efficient Concurrent Execution of Smart Contracts in Blockchains using Object-based Transactional Memory
Creators: name: Anjana, Parwat Singh
name: Attiya, Hagit
name: Kumari, Sweta
name: Peri, Sathya
name: Somani, Archit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an efficient framework to execute Smart Contract Transactions (SCTs) concurrently based on object semantics, using optimistic Single-Version Object-based Software Transactional Memory Systems (SVOSTMs) and Multi-Version OSTMs (MVOSTMs). In our framework, a multi-threaded miner constructs a Block Graph (BG), capturing the object-conflicts relations between SCTs, and stores it in the block. Later, validators re-execute the same SCTs concurrently and deterministically relying on this BG. A malicious miner can modify the BG to harm the blockchain, e.g., to cause double-spending. To identify malicious miners, we propose Smart Multi-threaded Validator (SMV). Experimental analysis shows that the proposed multi-threaded miner and validator achieve significant performance gains over state-of-the-art SCT execution framework.
description: 49 pages, 26 figures, 11 tables
Missione spaziale in cerca di un nome
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

L'Agenzia spaziale europea ha lanciato un concorso per dare un nome alla nuova missione nel campo della meteorologia spaziale, attualmente in corso di sviluppo. La missione comprende una navicella che seguirà la Terra lungo la sua orbita, a circa 150 milioni di km di distanza, e servirà a individuare tempeste solari potenzialmente pericolose prima che raggiungano il nostro pianeta
Additional file 3: of The acute effects of aerobic exercise on sleep in patients with depression: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Brupbacher, Gavin
name: Straus, Doris
name: Porschke, Hildburg
name: Zander-Schellenberg, Thea
name: Gerber, Markus
name: KĂ¤Nel, Roland Von
name: Schmidt-TrucksĂ¤Ss, Arno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Electronic case report form (eCRF). (PDF 504 kb)
Alma scopre la più antica galassia a spirale
Creators: Laura Leonardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un nuovo studio pubblicato sulla rivista Science annuncia la scoperta della galassia a spirale più antica mai conosciuta, distante circa 12.4 miliardi di anni luce. I risultati sono stati ottenuti con Alma e rivelano che la galassia si sia formata quando l’universo aveva solo 1.4 miliardi di anni