cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Covariant representations of the de Sitter isometry group
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the induced representations of the de Sitter isometry group proposed many years ago by Nachtmann are equivalent to those derived from our general theory of external symmetry. These methods complete each other leading to a coherent theory of covariant fields with spin on the de Sitter spacetime. Some technical details of these representations are presented here for the first time.
description: 15 pages no figures
Additional file 5 of Rewiring innate and adaptive immunity with TLR9 agonist to treat osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Cascini, Caterina
name: Ratti, Chiara
name: Botti, Laura
name: Parma, Beatrice
name: Cancila, Valeria
name: Salvaggio, Adriana
name: Meazza, Cristina
name: Tripodo, Claudio
name: Colombo, Mario P.
name: Chiodoni, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5.
New class of quantum deformations of D=4 Euclidean supersymmetry
Creators: name: Borowiec, A.
name: Lukierski, J.
name: Mozrzymas, M.
name: Tolstoy, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present the class of deformations of simple Euclidean superalgebra, which describe the supersymmetrization of some Lie algebraic noncommutativity of D=4 Euclidean space-time. The presented deformations are generated by the supertwists. We provide new explicit formulae for a chosen twisted D=4 Euclidean Hopf superalgebra and describe the corresponding quantum covariant deformation of chiral Euclidean superspace.
description: 13 pages, ws-procs9x6.class, typos corrected, clarifying formulae added
Using Machine Learning Models to Estimate Final Student Grade from Initial Performance in a Course
Creators: name: , Laura
name: , Mihai
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Learning Management Systems (LMS) contain large amounts of student data that can be used to help improve student learning by applying machine learning. Earlier studies have used various LMS data (i.e. online activity, participation in discussions, and assessment grades) and prediction methods to identify at-risk students (Conijn, et al., 2017, Marbouti, et al., 2016). My research explores the idea of using early academic performance in a course to predict future performance. Using three common machine learning algorithms (K-Nearest Neighbors, Naive Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machine), three prediction models were created. The data used in the prediction models were pairs of 5-week grades and final course grades from several sections of the same course. In order to assess the accuracy of the prediction models, the final grade percentage predictions were grouped into letter-grade classes. The model performance metrics did not indicate high predictive powers (accuracy: ~65%, precision: ~63%, recall: ~65%), thus ensemble voting was tested to combine the results of the three models. A minimal improvement in prediction accuracy was seen after employing ensemble voting. However, further experimentation was conducted by extending the time frame from 5 weeks to 10 weeks. When 10-week grades were assessed in the models, the prediction accuracy improved (accuracy: ~74%, precision: ~76%, recall: ~74%). The false positives and false negatives in the predictions were also analyzed as false positives are preferred over false negatives in this study. The results showed relatively similar amounts of false positives and false negatives. While the cumulative grade is easy to be used by an instructor for identifying students at risk, the main result of this study is that looking only at the cumulative grade in this course is not a good enough indicator for final course results. Future research must be done to identify other features that may predict the final course results.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
title: 3D terrain generation using natural language keywords for virtual spaces
Creators: name: Traber, Mrkus Peter
Publisher: name: Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores the concept of a terrain generating software, that can be controlled using natural language keywords. Ultimately, users should be enabled to create new sceneries for a virtual space in an easy and accessible process by defining keywords, which describe the desired landscape. To establish a foundational concept, this thesis examines core components for the algorithmic terrain generation, potential control mechanisms for the user, and the handling and interworking of keywords with control mechanisms.
On the X-ray Outbursts of Transient Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters
Creators: name: Caliskan, Sirin
name: Ertan, Unal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the X-ray outburst light curves of four transient anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) and soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs), namely XTE J1810-197, SGR 0501+4516, SGR 1627-41 and CXOU J164710.2-455216, can be produced by the fallback disk model that was also applied to the outburst light curves of persistent AXPs and SGRs in our earlier work. The model solves the diffusion equation for the relaxation of a disk which has been pushed back by a soft gamma-ray burst. The sets of main disk parameters used for these transient sources are very similar to each other and to those employed in our earlier models of persistent AXPs and SGRs. There is a characteristic difference between the X-ray outburst light curves of transient and persistent sources. This can be explained by the differences in the disk surface-density profiles of the transient and persistent sources in quiescence indicated by their quiescent X-ray luminosities. Our results imply that a viscous disk instability operating at a critical temperature in ~ 1300 - 2800 K range is a common property of all fallback disks around AXPs and SGRs. The effect of the instability is more pronounced and starts earlier for the sources with lower quiescent luminosities, which leads to the observable differences in the X-ray enhancement light curves of transient and persistent sources. A single active disk model with the same basic disk parameters can account for the enhancement phases of both transient and persistent AXPs and SGRs. We also present a detailed parameter study to show the effects of disk parameters on the evolution of the X-ray luminosity of AXPs and SGRs in the X-ray enhancement phases.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures. Appeared in the Astrophysical Journal, 758, 98 (2012)
Additional file 4 of Rewiring innate and adaptive immunity with TLR9 agonist to treat osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Cascini, Caterina
name: Ratti, Chiara
name: Botti, Laura
name: Parma, Beatrice
name: Cancila, Valeria
name: Salvaggio, Adriana
name: Meazza, Cristina
name: Tripodo, Claudio
name: Colombo, Mario P.
name: Chiodoni, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4.
Differential Privacy for the Analyst via Private Equilibrium Computation
Creators: name: Hsu, Justin
name: Roth, Aaron
name: Ullman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give new mechanisms for answering exponentially many queries from multiple analysts on a private database, while protecting differential privacy both for the individuals in the database and for the analysts. That is, our mechanism's answer to each query is nearly insensitive to changes in the queries asked by other analysts. Our mechanism is the first to offer differential privacy on the joint distribution over analysts' answers, providing privacy for data analysts even if the other data analysts collude or register multiple accounts. In some settings, we are able to achieve nearly optimal error rates (even compared to mechanisms which do not offer analyst privacy), and we are able to extend our techniques to handle non-linear queries. Our analysis is based on a novel view of the private query-release problem as a two-player zero-sum game, which may be of independent interest.
Megaptera Gray 1846
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Balaenopteridae
Megaptera

description: Megaptera Gray, 1846. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, 17:83. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411007002000000
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 303, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
The Importance of Explainable AI for Gig Workers: A Case for Human-Centered XAI in the Gig Economy
Creators: name: Imteyaz, Kashif
name: Saul Lopez, Saul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: XAI
Human-centered AI

description: AI-driven decision-making systems operate in the background of gig work platforms, playing a central role in job allocation, performance evaluation, and compensation. However, the opaque nature of these algorithmic systems has posed significant challenges for gig workers in terms of transparency, accountability, and fairness. Existing Explainable AI (XAI) frameworks, developed primarily for traditional domains, fail to adequately address the unique challenges and lived experiences of gig workers. This position paper argues for a tailored approach to XAI in the gig economy, building upon prior research in human-centered XAI (HCXAI). We propose future research directions aimed at developing XAI methods that center the needs and experiences of gig workers, promoting algorithmic transparency, and empowering workers in an AI-mediated labor landscape. By addressing the longstanding challenges of algorithmic opacity in gig work, we can work towards a more equitable and accountable future for this rapidly growing sector.
Atoms in the anionic domain, Z < N
Creators: name: Gil, Gabriel
name: Gonzalez, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study atoms with N electrons, and nuclear charge Z. It is well known that the cationic regime, Z > N is qualitatively described by Thomas-Fermi theory. The anionic regime, Z < N, on the other hand, is characterized by an instability threshold at Z_c
Additional file 6 of Rewiring innate and adaptive immunity with TLR9 agonist to treat osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Cascini, Caterina
name: Ratti, Chiara
name: Botti, Laura
name: Parma, Beatrice
name: Cancila, Valeria
name: Salvaggio, Adriana
name: Meazza, Cristina
name: Tripodo, Claudio
name: Colombo, Mario P.
name: Chiodoni, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6.
Does Allowing Multiple Attempts On Online Homework Benefit All Students?
Creators: name: Sanya
name: , Mihai
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Determining if assignments with multiple attempts have an impact on student learning is essential in designing an effective online learning environment. Researchers conducted the study on various online learning systems in a diverse range of courses: economics, Archer; physics and electronics, Zhang et al.; macroeconomics, Rhodes & Sarbaum; geology, Brevik; chemistry, Faulconer et al. While some found evidence of multiple attempts increasing student learning, others saw it as a pathway for grade inflation and reduced learning. Methods used in the studies were ANOVA, t-test, and regression analysis. This poses the question if the number of attempts influences student learning and exam scores or if there are other hidden factors at play. In this experiment, data from four classes in a university course was taken, including homework and test scores. Multiple attempts were provided as an option on the homework assignments (with a student trying 17 attempts), and tests were limited to a single attempt. A linear regression test was used to measure the relationship between the number of attempts and exam scores. Students tended to take up to 3 attempts, with fewer taking more retakes. The mean exam score for students who took 1 attempt max was 72.91%, whereas the mean exam score for 3+ attempts taken was 84.93%. The coefficient of determination increased by the number of attempts up to 7 attempts, where the maximum correlation was found. Any attempts after 7 showed a much smaller correlation, suggesting a lack of student learning and an objective for higher grades, or grade inflation. The result supports previous research (Archer and Brevik) to limit the maximum number of attempts and provides a suggested value of a maximum of 7 attempts.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Process verification of two-qubit quantum gates by randomized benchmarking
Creators: name: Córcoles, A. D.
name: Gambetta, Jay M.
name: Chow, Jerry M.
name: Smolin, John A.
name: Ware, Matthew
name: Strand, J. D.
name: Plourde, B. L. T.
name: Steffen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a complete randomized benchmarking protocol on a system of two superconducting qubits. The protocol consists of randomizing over gates in the Clifford group, which experimentally are generated via an improved two-qubit cross-resonance gate implementation and single-qubit unitaries. From this we extract an optimal average error per Clifford of 0.0936. We also perform an interleaved experiment, alternating our optimal two-qubit gate with random two-qubit Clifford gates, to obtain a two-qubit gate error of 0.0653. We compare these values with a two-qubit gate error of ~0.12 obtained from quantum process tomography, which is likely limited by state preparation and measurement errors.
description: 4 figures plus supplementary material
A Transactional Framework of Parenting for Children’s Internet Use: A Narrative Review of Parental Self-Efficacy, Mediation, and Awareness of Online Risks
Creators: name: Kuldas, Seffetullah
name: Sargioti, Aikaterini
name: Norman, James O'Higgins
name: Staksrud, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470102
subject: Communication technology and digital media studies
classificationCode: 441006
subject: Sociological methodology and research methods
classificationCode: 520105
subject: Psychological methodology, design and analysis
classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies

description: Parental concern about children’s media use has been a recurring issue in research on parent-child communication. For the past three decades, online risks associated with children’s Internet use have also become a particular concern. However, recent evidence remains inconclusive about whether parental awareness of online risks is a result or antecedent of parental mediation of children’s Internet use. The aim of this narrative review is threefold: to propose (a) a bi-factor conceptualization of parental mediation—enabling and restrictive mediation as two sides of the same coin; (b) a transactional conceptualization of relationships between parental awareness, mediation, and self-efficacy; and (c) a transactional framework of parenting for children’s Internet use. Further research could test the proposed conceptualization and framework for distinguishing between when parental awareness is the result and antecedent of parental mediation.
A Comparison Between Manual Free Response Classification and Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing Techniques in Terms of Speed and Accuracy
Creators: name: Thrisha
name: , Mihai
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Several studies in the past have shown that different machine learning techniques, ranging from natural language processing to random forests, all obtained accuracy rates around 85% to 90% when processing academic free response answers. (Somers et al., 2021; Nawaz et al., 2022; Bashir et al., 2021; Gomes Rocha et al., 2021). The purpose of our ongoing study is to use natural language processing to analyze feedback based free response answers. We used 81 answers to the question, “Provide up to 3 things that you want to keep (loved) about the research modules and why”. Our study has the goal to compare the accuracy of a natural-language-based classifier. The answers were first manually processed to create a gold standard. We split the given answers into the main points and then classified each answer into broader categories. We then started a similar process using natural language processing of the split answers. We are currently extracting the verb phrase and using those as potential generalized categories of the answer. We will compare the generalized categories with our initially identified categories and then try to use a classifier to group the extracted categories. Our goal is to provide a fast and sound method of pulling the main points from longer answers. With this procedure, instructors could spend much less time analyzing survey responses over large groups of students.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Effects of Nearby Galactic Supernovae on the Composition of Solar System Atmospheres
Creators: name: , Mira
name: , Michael
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Pluto’s surface and atmosphere compositions were almost completely unknown until 2015 when the New Horizons spacecraft did a Pluto flyby which revealed that much of Pluto’s surface is covered in dark tholins (complex carbons) giving it a reddish hue. It is theorized that radiation hitting methane (CH4) and nitrogen gas (N2) molecules in Pluto’s atmosphere would initiate a sequence of reactions leaving tholins on the surface. However, the source of that radiation is uncertain, and it has been shown that solar radiation does not solely explain the phenomenon. We hypothesized that a past near-Earth supernova (SN) could be the source of said radiation. In this research, we have carried out a literature review and compiled a list of past supernovae and their known and inferred characteristics. Then, we researched their estimated energy outputs and computed their respective energy fluxes in our Solar System. These calculations allow us to examine how these historical supernovae would affect a solar system with an arbitrary atmosphere in terms of the rate and amount of destroyed atmospheric molecules. Our findings suggest that radiation from a past SN is a plausible explanation for the dark tholins present on Pluto’s surface.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Reddening and Extinction Toward the Galactic Bulge from OGLE-III: The Inner Milky Way's Rv ~ 2.5 Extinction Curve
Creators: name: Nataf, David M.
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Fouqué, Pascal
name: Gonzalez, Oscar A.
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Skowron, Jan
name: Udalski, Andrzej
name: Szymański, Michał K.
name: Kubiak, Marcin
name: Pietrzyński, Grzegorz
name: Soszyński, Igor
name: Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
name: Wyrzykowski, Łukasz
name: Poleski, Radosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine VI photometry from OGLE-III with VVV and 2MASS measurements of E(J-K_{s}) to resolve the longstanding problem of the non-standard optical extinction toward the Galactic bulge. We show that the extinction is well-fit by the relation A_{I} = 0.7465*E(V-I) + 1.3700*E(J-K_{s}), or, equivalently, A_{I} = 1.217*E(V-I)(1+1.126*(E(J-K_{s})/E(V-I)-0.3433)). The optical and near-IR reddening law toward the inner Galaxy approximately follows an R_{V} \approx 2.5 extinction curve with a dispersion σ_{R_{V}} \approx 0.2, consistent with extragalactic investigations of the hosts of type Ia SNe. Differential reddening is shown to be significant on scales as small as as our mean field size of 6', with the 1σ dispersion in reddening averaging 9% of total reddening for our fields. The intrinsic luminosity parameters of the Galactic bulge red clump (RC) are derived to be (M_{I,RC}, σ_{I,RC,0}, (V-I)_{RC,0}, σ_{(V-I)_{RC}}, (J-K_{s})_{RC,0}) = (-0.12, 0.09, 1.06, 0.121, 0.66). Our measurements of the RC brightness, brightness dispersion and number counts allow us to estimate several Galactic bulge structural parameters. We estimate a distance to the Galactic center of 8.20 kpc, resolving previous discrepancies in distance determinations to the bulge based on I-band observations. We measure an upper bound on the tilt α \approx 40°. between the bar's major axis and the Sun-Galactic center line of sight, though our brightness peaks are consistent with predictions of an N-body model oriented at α \approx 25°. The number of RC stars suggests a total stellar mass for the Galactic bulge of 2.0*10^{10} M_{\odot}, if one assumes a Salpeter IMF.
description: 61 Pages, 21 Figures, 4 Tables, Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal and modified as per a referee report. Includes reddening, reddening law, differential reddening, mean distance, dispersion in distance, surface density of stars and errors thereof for ~9,000 bulge sightlines. For a brief video explaining the key result of this paper, see http://www.youtube.com/user/OSUAstronomy
Additional file 1 of Expression profiles and functional prediction of histone acetyltransferases of the MYST family in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Liang, Fan
name: Li, Xiangke
name: Shen, Xiaoman
name: Yang, Runlei
name: Chen, Chuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
classificationCode: 29999
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Structured Eyetracking-based Requirements Validation with the Help of Virtual Prototypes
Creators: name: Refflinghaus, Robert
name: Esser, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: customer requirements
subject: product development
subject: virtual prototype
subject: 3D virtual reality
subject: eye tracking
subject: 600
subject: Quality Function Deployment
subject: Produktentwicklung
subject: Nachfrageermittlung
subject: Augenfolgebewegung

description: This paper was presented at the 7th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design - M2D2017 during Symposium 14: Quality Management: Theory, Applications and Case Studies; https://paginas.fe.up.pt/~m2d/Proceedings_M2D2017/index.htm / https://paginas.fe.up.pt/~m2d/Proceedings_M2D2017/data/papers/6519.pdf
Topological Phenomena in Trapped Ion Systems
Creators: name: Shi, T.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze a scheme to observe topological phenomena with ions in microtraps. We consider a set of trapped ions forming a regular structure in two spatial dimensions and interacting with lasers. We find phonon bands with non-trivial topological properties, which are caused by the breaking of time reversal symmetry induced by the lasers. We investigate the appearance of edge modes, as well as their robustness against perturbations. Long-range hopping of phonons caused by the Coulomb interaction gives rise to flat bands which, together with induced phonon-phonon interactions, can be used to produce and explore strongly correlated states. Furthermore, some of these ideas can also be implemented with cold atoms in optical lattices.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, title changed and suppressed internal comments and added important reference
Additional file 2 of Expression profiles and functional prediction of histone acetyltransferases of the MYST family in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Liang, Fan
name: Li, Xiangke
name: Shen, Xiaoman
name: Yang, Runlei
name: Chen, Chuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
classificationCode: 29999
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 2
Using spiking neural networks to direct robotic fish towards a target
Creators: name: , Ethan
name: Snyder, Shay
name: , Maryam
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Neuromorphic computing is an emerging field that models computers after the human brain and nervous system. In the brain, neurons use sharp voltage increases called spikes to transfer information. Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) mimic this type of behavior and are used for a vast amount of applications, many of which are similar to the applications of artificial neural networks (ANN). The neuromorphic SNN application in this project involves a robotic fish with complex dynamics that can identify and determine the best travel path to reach the target. The dynamics of the robotic fish were integrated into a simulator that originally was designed to simulate a blimp tracking and following a balloon target, where the agent was an SNN trained with a reinforcement learning method. A classification approach was also part of the simulator but was not used for the integration of the robotic fish. The more basic dynamics of the blimp, which primarily consisted of a move forward, turn left, turn right, ascend, and descend method, were replaced by the dynamics of the fish robot. The move method of the fish robot takes in two parameters (u1, u2), representing the actuating voltage potential applied to the artificial SCP muscles of the fish. Using these parameters, the move method can mathematically determine the fish’s new position using the established dynamics. The agent, represented by the SNN, takes in a target vector pointing in the balloon’s (target) direction and determines the parameters (u1, u2), which are fed to the fish move method. The simulator was built in Python, uses Pygame to run a visual simulator, and utilizes the TENNLAB neuromorphic framework to help train the spiking neural network. The effectiveness of this method in integrating the fish dynamics into a simulator and training a spiking neural network is discussed in this paper, current issues are identified, and potential improvements are proposed.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Oritavancin in vitro activity against Gram-positive organisms from European medical centers: a 10-year longitudinal overview from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2010–2019)
Creators: name: Pfaller, M. A.
name: Mendes, R. E.
name: Sader, H. S.
name: Castanheira, M.
name: Carvalhaes, C. G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: To assess oritavancin in vitro activity against clinically relevant Gram-positive pathogens in European (EU) hospitals, a total of 51,531 consecutive and unique clinical isolates collected in 2010–2019 were evaluated. All isolates were tested by CLSI broth microdilution methods. The key resistance phenotypes differed considerably between Eastern Europe (E-EU) and Western Europe (W-EU), respectively: methicillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus 27.7%/22.9%; multidrug resistant (MDR) S. aureus, 19.7%/15.2%; MR coagulase-negative staphylococci, 77.3%/61.9%; vancomycin-resistant enterococci (E. faecium), 44.2%/20.9%; and MDR E. faecium, 63.8%/55.4%. There were no substantive differences in oritavancin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the different species/organism groups over time or by EU region. Oritavancin inhibited 99.9% and 99.1% of all S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci at 0.12 mg/L, respectively, and all isolates of E. faecalis and E. faecium at ≤0.5 mg/L. Oritavancin susceptibility rates against β-hemolytic and Viridans group streptococci isolates were 98.1% and 99.4%, respectively. Oritavancin had potent activity in vitro against this contemporary collection of European Gram-positive isolates from 2010 to 2019.
Long-term Water Quality Trends in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey
Creators: name: , Tommy
name: , Ling
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Climate change has become one of the major challenges and imposes a serious threat to our environment and economics. Estuarine and coastal ecosystems are heavily influenced by not only human activities, but also climate change associated with temperature increase, sea level rise, and extreme weather events. For this study, eleven years of monitoring data were compiled and analyzed to evaluate the long-term trends of water quality and the impact of climate change in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Time-series of seven key water quality parameters, including water temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved oxygen (DO), and turbidity collected from 2011-2022 were retrieved from the EPA Water Quality Portal for four sites within the bay. Water temperature at all sites showed a general decreasing trend during this period. Further analysis revealed that summer temperatures increased over the time period whereas winter temperatures decreased. The increase in summer temperatures is in agreement with the long-term trends in the Barnegat Bay watershed since the 1970s. The decreasing trends in winter are consistent with trends from the 2000s to the present in the bay. Salinity exhibited high spatial and temporal variabilities due to the effects of freshwater discharges and seasonal and year-to-year differences in precipitation. TN and TP showed strong intra-annual variation but remained relatively stable (or slightly decreased) over the past decade. Despite monthly variation, DO at all four sites increased during the study period, showing its inverse relationship to water temperature. Meanwhile, turbidity, an indicator of water clarity, decreased over the 11-year period at most of the study sites. This work serves as the first step to assess long-term water quality changes and to evaluate human and climate impact on Barnegat Bay and the adjacent New Jersey coast.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Tsirelson's Problem and Asymptotically Commuting Unitary Matrices
Creators: name: Ozawa, Narutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P15, 46L06, 46L07

description: In this note, we consider quantum correlations of bipartite systems having a slight interaction, and reinterpret Tsirelson's problem (and hence Kirchberg's and Connes's conjectures) in terms of finite-dimensional asymptotically commuting positive operator valued measures. We also consider the systems of asymptotically commuting unitary matrices and formulate the Stronger Kirchberg Conjecture.
description: 10 pages; Theorem referring Glimm's lemma removed, otherwise minor changes (v2)
Megaptera novaeangliae
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Balaenopteridae
Megaptera
Megaptera novaeangliae

description: Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781). Gemein. Naturgesch. Thier., 2(1):21. TYPE LOCALITY: U.S.A., coast of New England. DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, tropical to arctic waters. COMMENT: Includes nodosa; see Kellogg, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 45: 148. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix I and U.S. ESA - Endangered. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411007002001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 303, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
Additional file 3 of Expression profiles and functional prediction of histone acetyltransferases of the MYST family in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Liang, Fan
name: Li, Xiangke
name: Shen, Xiaoman
name: Yang, Runlei
name: Chen, Chuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
classificationCode: 29999
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 3
Can We Interpret a Robot's Predictions While Navigating in an Unknown Environment?
Creators: name: Anjini Verdia
name: Salvatore, John Paul
name: Ortuno, Nicole
name: , Gregory
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Recent progress has allowed online behavior correction to improve the navigation of robots in an unknown environment. However, to start relying on this technology for navigation, we must first ensure that this improvement is a result of a better understanding of its surrounding environment. We hypothesize that existing tools for neural network interpretability (e.g., GradCAM) can help us measure the robot’s level of understanding. We will use such tools to inspect the predictions of the robot before and after this behavior correction and, by comparing those with the output of a high-performance reference network, we will study whether or not these changes signify that the robot better understands its environment. When comparing the preliminary results of neural network A with neural network B, we study the robot’s understanding in a simulated maze environment.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Quantum state tomography by continuous measurement and compressed sensing
Creators: name: Smith, A.
name: Riofrío, C. A.
name: Anderson, B. E.
name: Sosa-Martinez, H.
name: Deutsch, I. H.
name: Jessen, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The need to perform quantum state tomography on ever larger systems has spurred a search for methods that yield good estimates from incomplete data. We study the performance of compressed sensing (CS) and least squares (LS) estimators in a fast protocol based on continuous measurement on an ensemble of cesium atomic spins. Both efficiently reconstruct nearly pure states in the 16-dimensional ground manifold, reaching average fidelities FCS = 0.92 and FLS = 0.88 using similar amounts of incomplete data. Surprisingly, the main advantage of CS in our protocol is an increased robustness to experimental imperfections.
Effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a vulnerable COVID-19 cohort: a real-life experience in an Italian Hospital
Creators: name: Russo, Chiara
name: Tagliafico, Luca
name: Labate, Laura
name: Ponzano, Marta
name: Mirabella, Michele
name: Portunato, Federica
name: Bellezza, Carmen
name: Mora, Sara
name: Arboscello, Eleonora
name: Monacelli, Fiammetta
name: Nencioni, Alessio
name: Signori, Alessio
name: Bruzzone, Bianca
name: Giacomini, Mauro
name: Dentone, Chiara
name: Bassetti, Matteo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Clinical trials demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines reduce COVID-19-related mortality and morbidity. We describe the effect of vaccination on COVID-19-patients admitted at our hospital. Retrospective, single-center study conducted in Genoa, Italy, including patients ≥18years hospitalized for COVID-19 from May to December 2021. Demographical and clinical data were collected, vaccinated (group-A) and not-vaccinated (group-B) patients were compared. Impact of vaccination on mortality, ICU admission, and oxygen need was studied using Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models after adjusting for propensity scores. Overall, 395 patients SARS-CoV-2 infected were included, of which 150 (38%) were vaccinated and 245 (62%) were not vaccinated. Patients in group-A were older, more disable, and with higher morbidity. Overall, 64 patients (16%) died within 30 days from admission, 34 in Group A (23%), and 30 in group B (12%). However, no statistically significant differences were observed (group-A versus group-B: HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.49–1.40, p = 0.483). On the other hand, vaccination was protective in terms of ICU admission (OR = 0.23, p = 0.046) and oxygen need (OR = 0.33, p = 0.008). Our study confirms that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination reduces morbidity among patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The still high mortality in our cohort of vaccinated individuals could be partially due to vulnerable conditions of our patients.
Grouping Songs Using String-Matching and Lloyd's Algorithm
Creators: name: Liang, Laura
name: , Fei
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: In this project, we study algorithmic solutions to cluster songs based on their rhymes and temporal similarity. Existing commercial software evaluates two songs’ similarities based on their metadata. Instead, we use a value to denote a song’s temporal pattern so that two songs having similar rhymes are with similar values. The algorithmic technique that we are using is the k-mean algorithm, which is to group songs into k groups and each group has all its songs similar to each other. Our experimental results show that our approach is promising and such grouping results also give us hints in characterizing music.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Supplementary materials to Beneficial Microbes: Ageing and the gut-brain axis: lessons from the Drosophila model
Creators: name: Tan, F.H.P.
name: Shamsuddin, S.
name: Zainuddin, A.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310703
subject: Microbial ecology
classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The steady decline of physiological function and increased vulnerability to age-related disorders are two features of the complicated biological process of ageing. As a key organ for nutrient absorption, metabolism, and immunological regulation, the gut plays a major part in the ageing process. Drosophila melanogaster, a well-established model organism, has emerged as a significant tool for exploring the intricate rapport between the gut and ageing. Through the use of Drosophila models, the physiological and molecular elements of the gut-brain axis have been thoroughly explored. These models have also provided insights into the mechanisms by which gut health impacts ageing and age-related illnesses. Drosophila's gut microbiota experience dysbiosis with age which has been linked to age-related diseases. To prevent this and promote healthy ageing in Drosophila, gut microbiota modification methods, such as dietary restriction in tandem with time-restricted feeding, administration of pro-, pre- and synbiotics, as well as pharmaceutical interventions have been generated with positive impacts. The article also covers the drawbacks and difficulties of investigating the gut via the Drosophila. Thus, with an emphasis on the lessons discovered from Drosophila research, this review provides an extensive description of the current studies on the role of the gut-brain axis in ageing and health.
Direct N-Body Modeling of the Old Open Cluster NGC 188: A Detailed Comparison of Theoretical and Observed Binary Star and Blue Straggler Populations
Creators: name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Hurley, Jarrod R.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Following on from a recently completed radial-velocity survey of the old (7 Gyr) open cluster NGC 188 in which we study in detail the solar-type hard binaries and blue stragglers of the cluster, here we investigate the dynamical evolution of NGC 188 through a sophisticated N-body model. We employ the observed binary properties of the young (150 Myr) open cluster M35, where possible, to guide our choices for parameters of the initial binary population. At 7 Gyr the main-sequence solar-type hard-binary population in the model matches that of NGC 188 in both binary frequency and distributions of orbital parameters. This agreement between the model and observations is in a large part due to the similarities between the NGC 188 and M35 solar-type binaries. Indeed, among the 7 Gyr main-sequence binaries in the model, only those with P>1000 days show potentially observable evidence for modifications by dynamical encounters. This emphasizes the importance of defining accurate initial conditions for star cluster models, which we propose is best accomplished through comparisons with observations of young open clusters like M35. Furthermore, this suggests that observations of the present-day binaries in even old open clusters can provide valuable information on their primordial binary populations. However, despite the model's successes at matching the true cluster, the model underproduces blue stragglers and produces an overabundance of long-period circular main-sequence--white-dwarf binaries as compared to NGC 188. We conclude that improvements in the physics of mass transfer and common envelope may in fact solve both discrepancies with the observations. This project highlights the unique accessibility of open clusters to both comprehensive observational surveys and full-scale N-body simulations, and underscores the importance of open clusters to the study of star cluster dynamics.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in AJ (minor changes from previous submitted version)
Measuring the mass distribution of voids with stacked weak lensing
Creators: name: Higuchi, Yuichi
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Hamana, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prospects for measuring the dark matter distribution of voids with stacked weak lensing. We select voids from a large set of $N$-body simulations, and explore their lensing signals with the full ray-tracing simulations including the effect of the large-scale structure along the line-of-sight. The lensing signals are compared with simple void model predictions to infer the three-dimensional mass distribution of voids. We show that the stacked weak lensing signals are detected at significant level (S/N$\geq5$) for a 5000 degree$^2$ survey area, for a wide range of void radii up to $\sim50$ Mpc. The error from the galaxy shape noise little affects lensing signals at large scale. It is also found that dense ridges around voids have a great impact on the weak lensing signals, suggesting that proper modeling of the void density profile including surrounding ridges is essential for extracting the average total underdens mass of voids.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 4 of Expression profiles and functional prediction of histone acetyltransferases of the MYST family in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Liang, Fan
name: Li, Xiangke
name: Shen, Xiaoman
name: Yang, Runlei
name: Chen, Chuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
classificationCode: 29999
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 4
Comparing Music with Dynamic Programming String-Matching Algorithms
Creators: name: , Rachel
name: , Fei
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Existing commercial software compares songs based on qualitative characteristics such as key, tempo, and loudness, information that may not be very meaningful to the average user. In our project, we use the dynamic programming technique to compare songs based on temporal patterns in order to facilitate song recommendations. We begin by applying the standard string edit distance algorithm to sheet music that has been converted into text files; however, since this standard algorithm considers all characters to be of equal weight, the differences between various song comparisons are not apparent. We emphasize these discrepancies by weighting the aforementioned temporal patterns common to both strings as well as integer differences between consecutive notes based on values that we assigned to the chromatic scale. Our experimental results show that our approach of condensing two songs’ temporal similarities into one clear value is able to return the song that has the lowest output value, presumably the most similar-sounding song. These results can be extended with machine learning to automatically assign and adjust weights for these characteristics in order to further improve comparisons.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)