cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Are magnesium stable isotopes a valuable geochemical tool in agronomy?
Creators: name: Uhlig, David
name: Wu, Bei
name: Berns, Anne
name: Amelung, Wulf
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
A sustainable use of soil resources is urgently required to cope with the increasing demand for agricultural products. Advanced soil cultivation methods like subsoiling were suggested but analytical tools to measure changes in the nutrient use efficiency of crops are still missing. Here we tested the applicability of Mg stable isotopes as novel evaluation tool in agronomy and validated our results with the nutrient uptake depth proxy 87Sr/86Sr.

First, we conceptually demonstrated under which conditions changes in the Mg isotope composition (δ26Mg) of crops and the bioavailable fraction of Mg could be resolved from analytical uncertainty, when simulating subsoiling on soils with distinct Mg supply. Shifts in δ26Mg values are only detectable if i) the crop uptake-related Mg isotope fractionation factor is high, ii) a high Mg uptake flux of crops faces a low Mg supply in soil, and iii) subsoiling causes a considerable deepening of the nutrient uptake depth.

Second, we tested our concept on field trials, where deep loosening with and without compost incorporation was conducted. Although 87Sr/86Sr indicates a deepening of the nutrient uptake depth after subsoiling with compost, shifts in d26Mg values of crops and the exchangeable fraction were mostly unresolvable from the analytical uncertainty. Yet, systematic shifts in δ26Mg values among crops cultivated on and beside a melioration strip were found and attributed to the uplift of isotopically distinct compost-derived Mg. Still, Mg stable isotopes represent a valuable tool towards nutrient use efficiency measures on soils with low Mg supply, unless agricultural lime is applied.
Insensitive Stochastic Gradient Twin Support Vector Machine for Large Scale Problems
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen
name: Shao, Yuan-Hai
name: Bai, Lan
name: Liu, Li-Ming
name: Deng, Nai-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stochastic gradient descent algorithm has been successfully applied on support vector machines (called PEGASOS) for many classification problems. In this paper, stochastic gradient descent algorithm is investigated to twin support vector machines for classification. Compared with PEGASOS, the proposed stochastic gradient twin support vector machines (SGTSVM) is insensitive on stochastic sampling for stochastic gradient descent algorithm. In theory, we prove the convergence of SGTSVM instead of almost sure convergence of PEGASOS. For uniformly sampling, the approximation between SGTSVM and twin support vector machines is also given, while PEGASOS only has an opportunity to obtain an approximation of support vector machines. In addition, the nonlinear SGTSVM is derived directly from its linear case. Experimental results on both artificial datasets and large scale problems show the stable performance of SGTSVM with a fast learning speed.
description: 31 pages, 31 figures
Molossus currentium O. Thomas 1901
Creators: name: García, Franger J.
name: Ochoa-G, José
name: Poma-Urey, José L.
name: Miller, Bruce W.
name: Falcão, Fábio C.
name: del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Molossus
Molossus currentium

description: Molossus currentium O. Thomas, 1901
Summary of captures.
Five females (CMARF 2152–2156).
External measurements and weights.
TLB: 103.20 (102.00–105.00), TL: 42.80 (42.00–45.00), LHL: 6.60 (5.00–7.00), EL: 12.00 (11.00–12.00), W: 10.20 (10.00–11.00).
Morphological description.
Dorsal fur coloration shows the following variations: unicolored chocolate brown in two specimens, slightly bicolored in two (hairs with a short pale brown basal band and a broader chocolate brown portion), and notably bicolored in one (with a pale brown base and chocolate brown tips); in all these cases, the dorsal coloration slightly contrasts with the venter. Length of dorsal hairs at the shoulders with the following variations: 4 mm in two specimens, 2 mm in one, and 3 mm in two.
Skull with elongated rostrum and a rounded braincase. Upper incisors spatulate. Infraorbital foramen varies in position: laterally positioned and slightly expanded in two specimens (making it visible in frontal view). In contrast, it is laterally positioned in the other three but not expanded. Occipital complex with a triangular shape (Fig. 10). Canines anteriorly projected in lateral view. The nasal process developed in three specimens and undeveloped in the rest. Basioccipital pits are present but shallow in two specimens and absent in the remaining three. The mastoid process is long and oriented ventrally. Presence of two bilobed lower incisors. Some skull measurements are shown in Table 2.
Identification.
 The upper incisors are spatulate, the infraorbital foramen is laterally positioned, not expanded, or slightly expanded, and the occipital complex is triangular. These features differentiate the individuals of this species from their morphologically closest related congeners: Molossus aztecus Saussure, 1860, and M. molossus (Gregorin et al. 2011; Loureiro et al. 2018 a, 2018 b).
description: Published as part of García, Franger J., Ochoa-G, José, Poma-Urey, José L., Miller, Bruce W., Falcão, Fábio C. & del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto, 2024, Expanding the knowledge of the bat fauna of the Brazilian Caatinga: new geographical records of molossid bats (Chiroptera, Molossidae) for the Chapada Diamantina region, with taxonomic notes, pp. 333-371 in ZooKeys 1210 on pages 333-371, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1210.128570
Minimal non-universal EW extensions of the Standard Model: a chiral multi-parameter solution
Creators: name: Benavides, Richard H.
name: Muñoz, Luis Alfredo
name: Ponce, William A.
name: Rodríguez, Oscar
name: Rojas, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the most general expression for the chiral charges of a non-universal $U(1)'$ with identical charges for the first two families but different charges for the third one. The model is minimal in the sense that only standard model fermions plus right-handed neutrinos are required. By imposing anomaly cancellation and constraints coming from Yukawa couplings we obtain two different solutions. In one of these solutions, the anomalies cancel between fermions in different families. These solutions depend on four independent parameters which result very useful for model building. We build different benchmark models in order to show the flexibility of the parameterization. We also report LHC and low energy constraints for these benchmark models.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Time-domain Brillouin scattering for the determination of laser-induced temperature gradients in liquids
Creators: name: Chaban, I.
name: Shin, D.
name: Klieber, C.
name: Busselez, R.
name: Gusev, V.
name: Nelson, Keith A.
name: Pezeril, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical technique based on ultrafast photoacoustics to precisely determine the local temperature distribution profile in liquid samples in contact with a laser heated optical transducer. This ultrafast pump-probe experiment uses time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS) to locally determine the light scattering frequency shift. As the temperature influences the Brillouin scattering frequency, the TDBS signal probes the local laser-induced temperature distribution in the liquid. We demonstrate the relevance and the sensitivity of this technique for the measurement of the absolute laser-induced temperature gradient of a glass forming liquid prototype, glycerol, at different laser pump powers - i.e. different steady state background temperatures. Complementarily, our experiments illustrate how this TDBS technique can be applied to measure thermal diffusion in complex multilayer systems in contact to a surrounding liquid.
Molossus molossus
Creators: name: García, Franger J.
name: Ochoa-G, José
name: Poma-Urey, José L.
name: Miller, Bruce W.
name: Falcão, Fábio C.
name: del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Molossus
Molossus molossus

description: Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766)
Summary of captures.
13 females (CMARF 2157–2169) and one male (CMARF 2171).
External measurements and weights.
Females: TLB: 102.38 (100.00–115.00), TL: 40.68 (36.00–45.00), LHL: 6.68 (5.95–7.88), EL: 11.92 (10.00–16.00), W: 11.30 (10.00–13.00). Male: TLB: 105.00, TL: 30.00, LHL: 6.68, EL: 12.70, W: 12.00.
Morphological description.
Rostrum narrow with a developed keel (Fig. 11). Dorsal hairs are notably bicolored in some females, with broad white bases and dark brown or chocolate hues tips (Fig. 11). Dorsal pelage is slightly bicolored in the male, with a pale brown base and a broader dark brown or chocolate hues distal band. Ventral coloration is paler brown, subtly contrasting the dorsal side in all specimens. Length of dorsal hairs at the shoulders: 2–3 mm in females and 3 mm in the male.
Upper incisors with parallel tips, projecting anteriorly from the rostrum. Infraorbital foramen anteriorly positioned. Nasal process present. The occipital complex is triangular (Fig. 10). Basioccipital pits are absent in some females and in the male, while they are present but barely visible in other females. Sagittal and lambdoidal crests are present but with different degrees of development, showing the maximum degree in the male. The mastoid process developed and oriented ventrally. Presence of a pair of bilobed lower incisors. Some skull measurements are shown in Table 2.
Identification.
 The rostrum is narrow with a developed keel, the dorsal hairs notably bicolored to slightly bicolored, the infraorbital foramen anteriorly positioned, and the occipital complex triangular in shape, differentiate the individuals of this species from their morphologically closest related congeners: Molossus aztecus and M. currentium (Gregorin et al. 2011; Loureiro et al. 2018 a, 2018 b).
description: Published as part of García, Franger J., Ochoa-G, José, Poma-Urey, José L., Miller, Bruce W., Falcão, Fábio C. & del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto, 2024, Expanding the knowledge of the bat fauna of the Brazilian Caatinga: new geographical records of molossid bats (Chiroptera, Molossidae) for the Chapada Diamantina region, with taxonomic notes, pp. 333-371 in ZooKeys 1210 on pages 333-371, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1210.128570
Impurity and soliton dynamics in a Fermi gas with nearest-neighbor interactions
Creators: name: Visuri, A. -M.
name: Törmä, P.
name: Giamarchi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spinless fermions with repulsive nearest-neighbor interactions perturbed by an impurity particle or a local potential quench. Using the numerical time-evolving block decimation method and a simplified analytic model, we show that the pertubations create a soliton-antisoliton pair. If solitons are already present in the bath, the two excitations have a drastically different dynamics: The antisoliton does not annihilate with the solitons and is therefore confined close to its origin while the soliton excitation propagates. We discuss the consequences for experiments with ultracold gases.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures
Thermal conductivity measurements of PTFE and Al$_2$O$_3$ ceramic at sub-Kelvin temperatures
Creators: name: Drobizhev, Alexey
name: Reiten, Jared
name: Singh, Vivek
name: Kolomensky, Yury G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design of low temperature bolometric detectors for rare event searches necessitates careful selection and characterization of structural materials based on their thermal properties. We measure the thermal conductivities of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Al$_2$O$_3$ ceramic (alumina) in the temperature ranges of 0.17-0.43 K and 0.1-1.3 K, respectively. For the former, we observe a quadratic temperature dependence across the entire measured range. For the latter, we see a cubic dependence on temperature above ~0.3 K, with a linear contribution below that temperature. This paper presents our measurement techniques, results, and theoretical discussions. Keywords: Thermal Conductivity, PTFE, Al$_2$O$_3$ ceramic, Bolometer
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted by Cryogenics 27 May 2017, article reference JCRY2692
MPEC 2023-K205 : 2016 OO
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
High-speed 100 MHz strain monitor using fiber Bragg grating and optical filter for magnetostriction measurements under ultrahigh magnetic fields
Creators: name: Ikeda, Akihiko
name: Nomura, Toshihiro
name: Matsuda, Yasuhiro H.
name: Tani, Shuntaro
name: Kobayashi, Yohei
name: Watanabe, Hiroshi
name: Sato, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-speed 100 MHz strain monitor using a fiber Bragg grating, an optical filter, and a mode-locked optical fiber laser has been devised, which has a resolution of $ΔL/L\sim10^{-4}$. The strain monitor is sufficiently fast and robust for the magnetostriction measurements of magnetic materials under ultrahigh magnetic fields generated with destructive pulse magnets, where the sweep rate is in the range of 10-100 T/$μ$s. As a working example, the magnetostriction of LaCoO$_{3}$ was measured at room temperature, 115 K, and 7$\sim$4.2 K up to a maximum magnetic field of 150 T. The smooth $B^{2}$ dependence and the first-order transition were observed at 115 K and 7$\sim$4.2 K, respectively, reflecting the field-induced spin-state evolution.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
title: Insights into magmatic evolution in the southern Central European Volcanic Province: Petrology and Geochronology
Creators: name: Binder, Thomas
name: Marks, Michael A. W.
name: Walter, Benjamin F.
name: Grimmer, Jens
name: Wenzel, Thomas
name: Markl, Gregor
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Based on U-Pb geochronology, strongly SiO2-undersaturated foidites and melilitites in the southern Central European Volcanic Province (SW Germany, E France) were shown to have formed during two distinct periods in different regions. An Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene group (~72–47 Ma) is characterized by melilite-free nephelinites, nepheline basanites, and haüynites, whereas an Oligocene to Miocene group (27–9 Ma) is represented by olivine melilitites and melilite-bearing nephelinites. Both rock series were generated by extremely low degrees of partial melting of the metasomatically overprinted sub-lithospheric mantle, but exhibit a number of distinct mineralogical, mineral chemical, and whole-rock geochemical features. However, thermodynamic modelling did not reveal significant differences for melt temperature, oxygen fugacity, and silica activity. Accordingly, the foiditic and melilititic melts formed at temperatures of 1100–1350 °C and their polybaric crystallization started at ~14 kbar. The silica activities vary for both age cohorts between ~0.4 and 0.9 with a ΔFMQ of +1 to +4. Thus, it is likely that the differences between the rock series reflect a temporally and spatially heterogeneous sub-lithospheric mantle source beneath central Europe and are coupled to different depths of melt formation, various initial melt compositions, and/or different degrees of partial melting. Besides, an influence of crustal contamination and fractionation cannot be completely excluded. Magmatism in both periods is associated with asthenospheric doming and surface uplift causing erosion and isostatic compensation in the Alpine foreland. These processes indicate decompression and are interrupted by a period of subsidence resulting in a ~20 Myr volcanic hiatus.
Entanglement Entropy of ABJM Theory and Entropy of Topological Black Hole
Creators: name: Nian, Jun
name: Zhang, Xinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the supersymmetric localization of the 4D $\mathcal{N}=2$ off-shell gauged supergravity in the background of the $\textrm{AdS}_4$ neutral topological black hole, which is the gravity dual of the ABJM theory defined on the boundary $\textrm{S}^1 \times \mathbb{H}^2$. We compute the large-$N$ expansion of the supergravity partition function. The result gives the black hole entropy with the logarithmic correction, which matches the previous result of the entanglement entropy of the ABJM theory up to some stringy effects. Our result is consistent with the previous on-shell one-loop computation of the logarithmic correction to black hole entropy. It provides an explicit example of the identification of the entanglement entropy of the boundary conformal field theory with the bulk black hole entropy beyond the leading order given by the classical Bekenstein-Hawking formula, which consequently tests the AdS/CFT correspondence at the subleading order.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure; minor changes in v2; references added in v3, published version in JHEP
A commuting-vector-field approach to some dispersive estimates
Creators: name: Wong, Willie Wai Yeung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q41, 35Q83, 35B45

description: We prove the pointwise decay of solutions to three linear equations: (i) the transport equation in phase space generalizing the classical Vlasov equation, (ii) the linear Schrodinger equation, (iii) the Airy (linear KdV) equation. The usual proofs use explicit representation formulae, and either obtain $L^1$---$L^\infty$ decay through directly estimating the fundamental solution in physical space, or by studying oscillatory integrals coming from the representation in Fourier space. Our proof instead combines "vector field" commutators that capture the inherent symmetries of the relevant equations with conservation laws for mass and energy to get space-time weighted energy estimates. Combined with a simple version of Sobolev's inequality this gives pointwise decay as desired. In the case of the Vlasov and Schrodinger equations we can recover sharp pointwise decay; in the Schrodinger case we also show how to obtain local energy decay as well as Strichartz-type estimates. For the Airy equation we obtain a local energy decay that is almost sharp from the scaling point of view, but nonetheless misses the classical estimates by a gap. This work is inspired by the work of Klainerman on $L^2$---$L^\infty$ decay of wave equations, as well as the recent work of Fajman, Joudioux, and Smulevici on decay of mass distributions for the relativistic Vlasov equation.
description: 16 pages; expository with some (hopefully) new material. v2: fixed typos in the Strichartz exponent, sharpened interpolation to remove epsilon loss, updated reference list. v4: added Remark 23 showing how to recover standard L^1-L^\infty decay estimates from the weighted L^2-L^\infty argument for Schrodinger
Capacitive Mechanism of Oxygen Functional Groups on Carbon Surface in Supercapacitors
Creators: name: He, Yi-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen functional groups are one of the most important subjects in the study of electrochemical properties of carbon materials which can change the wettability, conductivity and pore size distributions of carbon materials, and can occur redox reactions. In the electrode materials of carbon-based supercapacitors, the oxygen functional groups have widely been used to improve the capacitive performance. In this paper, we not only analyzed the reasons for the increase of the capacity that promoted by oxygen functional groups in the charge-discharge cycling tests, but also analyzed the mechanism how the pseudocapacitance was provided by the oxygen functional groups in the acid/alkaline aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, we also discussed the effect of the oxygen functional groups in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
Mother canonical tensor model
Creators: name: Narain, Gaurav
name: Sasakura, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Canonical tensor model (CTM) is a tensor model formulated in the Hamilton formalism as a totally constrained system with first class constraints, the algebraic structure of which is very similar to that of the ADM formalism of general relativity. It has recently been shown that a formal continuum limit of the classical equation of motion of CTM in a derivative expansion of the tensor up to the fourth derivatives agrees with that of a coupled system of general relativity and a scalar field in the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. This suggests the existence of a "mother" tensor model which derives CTM through the Hamilton-Jacobi procedure, and we have successfully found such a "mother" CTM (mCTM) in this paper. The quantization of mCTM is straightforward as CTM. However, we have not been able to identify all the secondary constraints, and therefore the full structure of the model has been left for future study. Nonetheless, we have found some exact physical wave functions and classical phase spaces which can be shown to solve the primary and all the (possibly infinite) secondary constraints in the quantum and classical cases, respectively, and have thereby proven the non-triviality of the model. It has also been shown that mCTM has more interesting dynamics than CTM from the perspective of randomly connected tensor networks.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures; a paragraph added on uniqueness, references updated, minor changes of expressions, typos corrected
Out-of-Time-Ordered Correlators in $(T^2)^n/\mathbb{Z}_n$
Creators: name: Caputa, Pawel
name: Kusuki, Yuya
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
name: Watanabe, Kento
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we continue analysing the non-equilibrium dynamics in the $(T^2)^n/\mathbb{Z}_n$ orbifold conformal field theory. We compute the out-of-time-ordered four-point correlators with twist operators. For rational $η\ (=p/q)$ which is the square of the compactification radius, we find that the correlators approach non-trivial constants at late time. For $n=2$ they are expressed in terms of the modular matrices and for higher $n$ orbifolds are functions of $pq$ and $n$. For irrational $η$, we find a new polynomial decay of the correlators that is a signature of an intermediate regime between rational and chaotic models.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Corrections to (pseudo)scalars decay into a fermion pair from gravitational torsion
Creators: name: Abatte, Felipe Rojas
name: Zamora-Saa, Jilberto
name: Castillo-Felisola, Oscar
name: Diaz, Bastian
name: Zerwekh, Alfonso R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the contribution of the torsion-descendent four-fermion contact interaction to the decay width of a neutral (pseudo)scalar field into a fermion pair. This new interaction comes from the existence of gravitational torsion in models with extra dimensions. Additionally, we exemplify the formalism with two examples: first, the variation of the considered branching ratio of the Higgs in the context of the standard model, and second the proper variations of the scalar and pseudo scalar fields of the type II-1 two Higgs doublets model.
description: Accepted for publication in APPB
A robust generalization of the Legendre transform for QFT
Creators: name: Jackson, David M.
name: Kempf, Achim
name: Morales, Alejandro H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Although perturbative quantum field theory is highly successful, it possesses a number of well-known analytic problems, from ultraviolet and infrared divergencies to the divergence of the perturbative expansion itself. As a consequence, it has been difficult, for example, to prove with full rigor that the Legendre transform of the quantum effective action is the generating functional of connected graphs. Here, we give a rigorous proof of this central fact. To this end, we show that the Legendre transform can be re-defined purely combinatorially and that it ultimately reduces to a simple homological relation, the Euler characteristic for tree graphs. This result suggests that, similarly, also the quantum field theoretic path integral, being a Fourier transform, may be reducible to an underlying purely algebraic structure.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
title: Estimating the upper limit of the Proterozoic petrographic carbon (PC) flux
Creators: name: Nabhan, Sami
name: Canfield, Don
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Atmospheric oxygen levels in the Proterozoic are highly debated with estimates reaching from >0.1 – 24 % PAL. A new approach to model Proterozoic atmospheric oxygen levels, based on concentrations of recycled PC in Proterozoic strata, indicates that atmospheric oxygen was potentially between 2 and 24 % PAL. However, this model lacks some precision because oxygenation rates and the Proterozoic riverine flux of petrographic carbon are poorly constrained.

This study focuses on deep marine shales of the 658 - 653 Ma-old Tapley Hill Formation (Adelaide Basin, south Australia) that were deposited during an eustatic transgression following the Sturtian glaciation. These shales contain 0.04 - 0.73 wt.% TOC and experienced burial diagenesis with temperatures of 195 – 220 °C based on Raman spectroscopic characterization. However, 14.4 - 58.7 % of the OM within these rocks is recycled graphitic PC indicating metamorphic temperatures as high as 650°C. The amount of PC increases with decreasing TOC values, resulting in total PC concentrations of 0.02 – 0.1 wt.% (average 0.05 wt.%).

Because of the likely exceptionally high post-glacial erosion rates we presume that the average of 0.05 wt.% marks an upper limit for recycling of graphitic PC in the Proterozoic. However, the diagenetic overprint in combination with petrographic similarities between graphitic and disordered OM both indicate that the actual concentration of total recycled PC is higher. Therefore, we conclude that the upper limit of the Proterozoic PC flux was similar to the upper limits found in modern marine sediments 0.1 – 0.2 wt.%.
Electricity on the Farm (A Partial List of References.) 1920 - 1934
Creators: name: Graf, Dorothy W.
name: Graf, Dorothy W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1935
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management
Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Contents: General; Applications; Economic aspects - Statistics - Cost figures; Electric distribution; Electric service; Grain and forage grinding - Moisture content; Heating; Horticulture; Hotbeds - Soil heating - Sterilization - Fertility; Household applications; Lighting and wiring; Line studies; Machinery; Motors; Pest control; Plants - Windmills; Ploughing; Poultry equipment; Power; Refrigeration; Silo filling; Ventilation; Water heating; Water supply
title: Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the Aalenian from southern Germany
Creators: name: Mann, Thomas
name: Bornemann, André
name: Erbacher, Jochen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Aalenian sedimentary deposits in southern Germany have accumulated in a shallow-marine shelf environment and are typically dominated by thick claystones and argillaceous siltstones, with increasing percentages of sand towards the top. The sedimentary evolution and paleoclimatic significance of these often poorly exposed deposits remain largely unexplored. Here we present a suite of high-resolution x-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning data from southern Germany to identify Transgressive-Regressive cycles during the Aalenian stage. Results are based on three scientific drill cores that have been analyzed with an Avaatech XRF Core Scanner at a 10 mm sampling interval, an energy of 10 keV and a current of 500 µA to measure element intensities ranging from aluminum through iron. Resulting trends in elemental ratios that are indicative for subtle grain-size variations have been used to reconstruct shoreline trajectories and establish a sequence stratigraphic framework for the thick and largely homogenous, lower Aalenian Opalinuston Formation.
Early UV emission from disk-originated matter (DOM) in type Ia supernovae in the double degenerate scenario
Creators: name: Levanon, Naveh
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the blue and UV excess emission at the first few days of some type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) can be accounted for in the double degenerate (DD) scenario by the collision of the SN ejecta with circumstellar matter that was blown by the accretion disk formed during the merger process of the two white dwarfs (WDs). We assume that in cases of excess early light the disk blows the circumstellar matter, that we term disk-originated matter (DOM), hours to days before explosion. To perform our analysis we first provide a model-based definition for early excess light, replacing the definition of excess light relative to a power-law fit to the rising luminosity. We then examine the light curves of the SNe Ia iPTF14atg and SN 2012cg, and find that the collision of the ejecta with a DOM in the frame of the DD scenario can account for their early excess emission. Thus, early excess light does not necessarily imply the presence of a stellar companion in the frame of the single-degenerate scenario. Our findings further increase the variety of phenomena that the DD scenario can account for, and emphasize the need to consider all different SN Ia scenarios when interpreting observations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
title: Palaeomagnetic analyses in the Atacama Desert - challenges and chances
Creators: name: Scheidt, Stephanie
name: Wennrich, Volker
name: Grunert, Patrick
name: Petersen, Jassin
name: Yogeshwar, Pritam
name: Melles, Martin
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and magnetic palaeointensity stratigraphy is often used on sedimentary rocks to correlate outcrops and establish chronologies. The concept is based on the assumption that dipolar geomagnetic variations are globally synchronous and independent of climate and depositional conditions. The strengths of the method include the wide dating range and the applicability to a large variety of sediments and rocks. Best results are gained if long continuous sequences with high and uniform sedimentation rates are available. In the Atacama Desert, however, these perfect conditions are rare, as the landscape is strongly influenced by tectonic processes and extreme climatic conditions. Within the CRC1211 “Earth Evolution at the Dry Limit” magnetic stratigraphy is used to improve the age control of long drill cores from the claypans PAG, Huara, and Paranal, and of discrete samples from the marine Bahia Inglesia Formation. In addition, a first methodological attempt is being made to validate the potential of gypsum wedges as possible palaeomagnetic archive. The analyses are particularly carried out in order to specify the time covered by these geoarchives. Challenges for the palaeomagnetic analysis of the different archives arise from the often quite brittle nature of the unconsolidated sediments, the weak magnetizations and the complex magnetic mineralogy, potentially biased by diagenesis. Here we present challenges of the ongoing studies, as well as first results and perspectives.
Hologenomics of fishes in Mediterranean wetlands
Creators: name: 谭上进
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Raw sequence reads
Multiisolate
Environmental

description: Freshwater habitats are under increasing pressure from numerous anthropogenic forces including the introduction of invasive species capable of altering ecosystems, resulting in an overall loss of genetic diversity as native and endemic populations disappear. Although alien species themself are likely to experience loss of genetic diversity when colonising novel environments, they manage to become invasive, suggesting that other factors might facilitate their adaptive capacity. Using a hologenomic approach, we elucidate population genomic trends, the gut microbiota and genome-environment-microbiota interaction in the endemic and endangered Spanish toothcarp (Aphanius iberus) and the highly invasive Eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki).
Quantifying the Tangling of Trajectories Using the Topological Entropy
Creators: name: Candelaresi, Simon
name: Pontin, David Ian
name: Hornig, Gunnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple method to efficiently compute a lower limit of the topological entropy and its spatial distribution for two-dimensional mappings. These mappings could represent either two-dimensional time-periodic fluid flows or three-dimensional magnetic fields, which are periodic in one direction. This method is based on measuring the length of a material line in the flow. Depending on the nature of the flow, the fluid can be mixed very efficiently which causes the line to stretch. Here we study a method that adaptively increases the resolution at locations along the line where folds lead to high curvature. This reduces the computational cost greatly which allows us to study unprecedented parameter regimes. We demonstrate how this efficient implementation allows the computation of the variation of the finite-time topological entropy in the mapping. This measure quantifies spatial variations of the braiding efficiency, important in many practical applications.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
title: Constraining the interplay of magmatic and hydrothermal processes during ore formation with numerical models
Creators: name: Gruzdeva, Yulia
name: Weis, Philipp
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits form our largest resources of Cu, Mo, Sn and W and are formed by fluids released from magmatic intrusions into a hydrothermal system within the country rock. The potential to form world-class deposits critically depends on cross-boundary fluid fluxes at this magmatic-hydrothermal interface, which is one of the key unknowns in our current understanding of these deposits. Capturing the dynamics of these interface processes with numerical models requires to resolve mass and energy fluxes as a continuum that extends beyond the roots of hydrothermal systems and bridges the gaps between fluid flow and magma dynamics. Magma is mobile during intrusion events and can convect until it reaches a crystal lockup due to cooling and crystallization. During this process, the magma reservoir reaches fluid saturation and exsolves metal-bearing magmatic volatiles to the host rock. This magma solidification behavior depends on its chemical composition, which can be constrained by geochemical analyses of field samples. We have developed a consistent formulation for fluid generation and transport in a coupled model for viscous flow according to the Navier-Stokes Equations and porous flow with Darcy’s Law. Our simulation results suggest that the interplay of magma emplacement, magma convection and fluid release during crystallization exerts a strong control on the ore-forming potential. This contribution will present preliminary results from our coupled magmatic-hydrothermal model.
Neoplatymops mattogrossensis
Creators: name: García, Franger J.
name: Ochoa-G, José
name: Poma-Urey, José L.
name: Miller, Bruce W.
name: Falcão, Fábio C.
name: del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Neoplatymops
Neoplatymops mattogrossensis

description: Neoplatymops mattogrossensis (Vieira, 1942)
Summary of captures.
Seven females (CMARF 2210–2216).
External measurements and weights.
TLB: 78.85 (73.00–82.00), TL: 29.16 (25.14–32.00), LHL: 5.95 (5.00–7.00), EL: 12.65 (10.00–13.95), W: 5.37 (5.00–6.60).
Morphological description.
Small granulations on the dorsal surface of the forearm (wart-like granular structures that represent a distinctive generic characteristic). Dorsal fur is pale brown, contrasting with the ventral coloration composed of hairs with yellowish brown tips and whitish bases. The head is dark brown, with the ears distinctly separated on the forehead (Fig. 12). There is a presence of long and conspicuous vibrissae at the bases of the fingers.
Skull flattened (Fig. 12). The sagittal crest is barely visible with magnification only in two specimens; in the remaining five, this structure is absent (Fig. 12). Lambdoidal crests are present and visible. Upper incisors project anteriorly, separated from each other and the canines. First upper and lower premolars are smaller than the other two homologous teeth. The slender mandible shows a high and triangular coronoid process with a rounded apex and a low condyle. Lower incisors are deeply bifid in six specimens and barely bifid in only one case. Some skull measurements are shown in Table 1.
Identification.
The short forearm, the presence of granulations on the dorsal surface of the forearm, and the skull, which is flattened and relatively small, are diagnostic characteristics for individuals of this species (Willig and Jones 1985).
description: Published as part of García, Franger J., Ochoa-G, José, Poma-Urey, José L., Miller, Bruce W., Falcão, Fábio C. & del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto, 2024, Expanding the knowledge of the bat fauna of the Brazilian Caatinga: new geographical records of molossid bats (Chiroptera, Molossidae) for the Chapada Diamantina region, with taxonomic notes, pp. 333-371 in ZooKeys 1210 on pages 333-371, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1210.128570
Interplay of different environments in open quantum systems: Breakdown of the additive approximation
Creators: name: Giusteri, Giulio G.
name: Recrosi, Filippo
name: Schaller, Gernot
name: Celardo, G. Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze an open quantum system under the influence of more than one environment: a dephasing bath and a probability-absorbing bath that represents a decay channel, as encountered in many models of quantum networks. In our case, dephasing is modeled by random fluctuations of the site energies, while the absorbing bath is modeled with an external lead attached to the system. We analyze under which conditions the effects of the two baths can enter additively the quantum master equation. When such additivity is legitimate, the reduced master equation corresponds to the evolution generated by an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and a Haken-Strobl dephasing super-operator. We find that the additive decomposition is a good approximation when the strength of dephasing is small compared to the bandwidth of the probability-absorbing bath.
Fog-Assisted Operational Cost Reduction for Cloud Data Centers
Creators: name: Yu, Liang
name: Jiang, Tao
name: Zou, Yulong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we intend to reduce the operational cost of cloud data centers with the help of fog devices, which can avoid the revenue loss due to wide-area network propagation delay and save network bandwidth cost by serving nearby cloud users. Since fog devices may not be owned by a cloud service provider, they should be compensated for serving the requests of cloud users. When taking economical compensation into consideration, the optimal number of requests processed locally by each fog device should be decided. As a result, existing load balancing schemes developed for cloud data centers can not be applied directly and it is very necessary to redesign a cost-ware load balancing algorithm for the fog-cloud system. To achieve the above aim, we first formulate a fog-assisted operational cost minimization problem for the cloud service provider. Then, we design a parallel and distributed load balancing algorithm with low computational complexity based on Proximal Jacobian Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (PJ-ADMM). Finally, extensive simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures, accepted by IEEE Access
Zero-temperature magnetic response of small fullerene molecules at the classical and full quantum limit
Creators: name: Konstantinidis, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-state magnetic response of fullerene molecules with up to 36 vertices is calculated, when spins classical or with magnitude $s=\frac{1}{2}$ are located on their vertices and interact according to the nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model. The frustrated topology, which originates in the pentagons of the fullerenes and is enhanced by their close proximity, leads to a significant number of classical magnetization and susceptibility discontinuities, something not expected for a model lacking magnetic anisotropy. This establishes the classical discontinuities as a generic feature of fullerene molecules irrespective of their symmetry. The largest number of discontinuities have the molecule with 26 sites, four of the magnetization and two of the susceptibility, and an isomer with 34 sites, which has three each. In addition, for several of the fullerenes the classical zero-field lowest energy configuration has finite magnetization, which is unexpected for antiferromagnetic interactions between an even number of spins and with each spin having the same number of nearest-neighbors. The molecules come in different symmetries and topologies and there are only a few patterns of magnetic behavior that can be detected from such a small sample of relatively small fullerenes. Contrary to the classical case, in the full quantum limit $s=\frac{1}{2}$ there are no discontinuities for a subset of the molecules that was considered. This leaves the icosahedral symmetry fullerenes as the only ones known supporting ground-state magnetization discontinuities for $s=\frac{1}{2}$. It is also found that a molecule with 34 sites has a doubly-degenerate ground state when $s=\frac{1}{2}$.
description: 12 pages, 5 tables, 5 figures
Double-sided coaxial circuit QED with out-of-plane wiring
Creators: name: Rahamim, J.
name: Behrle, T.
name: Peterer, M. J.
name: Patterson, A.
name: Spring, P.
name: Tsunoda, T.
name: Manenti, R.
name: Tancredi, G.
name: Leek, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting circuits are well established as a strong candidate platform for the development of quantum computing. In order to advance to a practically useful level, architectures are needed which combine arrays of many qubits with selective qubit control and readout, without compromising on coherence. Here we present a coaxial circuit QED architecture in which qubit and resonator are fabricated on opposing sides of a single chip, and control and readout wiring are provided by coaxial wiring running perpendicular to the chip plane. We present characterisation measurements of a fabricated device in good agreement with simulated parameters and demonstrating energy relaxation and dephasing times of $T_1 = 4.1\,μ$s and $T_2 = 5.7\,μ$s respectively. The architecture allows for scaling to large arrays of selectively controlled and measured qubits with the advantage of all wiring being out of the plane.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Three-body correlations in a two-dimensional SU(3) Fermi gas
Creators: name: Kirk, Thomas
name: Parish, Meera M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a three-component Fermi gas that has SU(3) symmetry and is confined to two dimensions (2D). For realistic cold atomic gas experiments, we show that the phase diagram of the quasi-2D system can be characterized using two 2D scattering parameters: the scattering length and the effective range. Unlike the case in 3D, we argue that three-body bound states (trimers) in the quasi-2D system can be stable against three-body losses. Using a low-density expansion coupled with a variational approach, we investigate the fate of such trimers in the many-body system as the attractive interactions are decreased (or, conversely, as the density of particles is increased). We find that remnants of trimers can persist in the form of strong three-body correlations in the weak-coupling (high-density) limit.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures