cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Binding, thermodynamics, and selectivity of a non-peptide antagonist to the melanocortin-4 receptor
Creators: name: Saleh, Noureldin
name: Kleinau, Gunnar
name: Heyder, Nicolas
name: Clark, Timothy
name: Hildebrand, Peter W.
name: Scheerer, Patrick
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: MC4R
subject: melanocortin-4 receptor
subject: melanocortin-receptors
subject: ligand binding
subject: ligand selectivity
subject: molecular dynamics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a potential drug target for treatment of obesity, anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction. Crystal structures for MC4R are not yet available, which has hindered successful structure-based drug design. Using microsecond-scale molecular-dynamics simulations, we have investigated selective binding of the non-peptide antagonist MCL0129 to a homology model of human MC4R (hMC4R). This approach revealed that, at the end of a multi-step binding process, MCL0129 spontaneously adopts a binding mode in which it blocks the agonistic-binding site. This binding mode was confirmed in subsequent metadynamics simulations, which gave an affinity for human hMC4R that matches the experimentally determined value. Extending our simulations of MCL0129 binding to hMC1R and hMC3R, we find that receptor subtype selectivity for hMC4R depends on few amino acids located in various structural elements of the receptor. These insights may support rational drug design targeting the melanocortin systems.
Exact Results in 5D from Instantons and Deconstruction
Creators: name: Csaki, C.
name: Erlich, J.
name: Khoze, V. V.
name: Poppitz, E.
name: Shadmi, Y.
name: Shirman, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider non-perturbative effects in theories with extra dimensions and the deconstructed versions of these theories. We establish the rules for instanton calculations in 5D theories on the circle, and use them for an explicit one-instanton calculation in a supersymmetric gauge theory. The results are then compared to the known exact Seiberg-Witten type solution for this theory, confirming the validity both of the exact results and of the rules for instanton calculus for extra dimensions introduced here. Next we consider the non-perturbative results from the perspective of deconstructed extra dimensions. We show that the non-perturbative results of the deconstructed theory do indeed reproduce the known results for the continuum extra dimensional theory, thus providing the first non-perturbative evidence in favor of deconstruction. This way deconstruction also allows us to make exact predictions in higher dimensional theories which agree with earlier results, and helps to clarify the interpretation of 5D instantons.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure included. Reference added, small typos corrected. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Topological origin of quantized transport in non-Hermitian Floquet chains
Creators: name: Höckendorf, Bastian
name: Alvermann, Andreas
name: Fehske, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that non-Hermiticity enables topological phases with unidirectional transport in one-dimensional Floquet chains. The topological signatures of these phases are non-contractible loops in the spectrum of the Floquet propagator that are separated by an imaginary gap. Such loops occur exclusively in non-Hermitian Floquet systems. We define the corresponding topological invariant as the winding number of the Floquet propagator relative to the imaginary gap. To relate topology to transport, we introduce the concept of regularized dynamics of non-Hermitian chains. We establish that, under the conditions of regularized dynamics, transport is quantized in so far as the charge transferred over one period equals the topological winding number. We illustrate these theoretical findings with the example of a Floquet chain that features a topological phase transition and acts as a charge pump in the non-trivial topological phase. We finally discuss whether these findings justify the notion that non-Hermitian Floquet chains support topological transport.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Chatura Distant
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Chatura

description: Genus Chatura Distant
(Pl. 1B)
 Chatura Distant, 1908: 176.
 Type species. C. nigella Distant 1908:176, fig. 116, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Distant (1908): “Vertex about as long as breadth between eyes and almost as long as pronotum and scutellum united, not angulated in front of eyes, the lateral margins continuous from eyes to apex; face broad between the eyes, angularly narrowed anteriorly; pronotum short, considerably shorter than vertex, with four central ridges, the lateral margins sinuate, anterior and posterior margins nearly straight, the latter only slightly concavely sinuate; scutellum discally foveate; legs moderately short, posterior tibia not foliaceously dilated, outwardly somewhat strongly spinose; forewings short, more or less granulose, apices broadly rounded.”
 Species. [1]: nigella Distant.
 Range. Sri Lanka [Ceylon] (Maskeliya).
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. None (see remarks below).
 Remarks. Chatura, which is monobasic, resembles Ledra in general appearance, and is known only from the type specimens. It was photographed early in this study (Pl. 1B—along with the Eleazara, which is also resembles) but was not available for later examination. Distant’s distinguishing features for Chatura are the metathoracic tibiae being “not foliaceously dilated”, as opposed to Ledra ’s, which generally are, the crown being non-angulate in front of the eyes, and the pronotum being [relatively] short. The latter two characters are probably sex-specific (Distant described a single female) and may not apply to males. It is not known if all described members of Ledra have foliaceous metathoracic tibiae; at least some of those that do not could probably appropriately be moved to this genus.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Tricuspid regurgitation – medical management and evolving interventional concepts
Creators: name: Beckhoff, Frederik
name: Alushi, Brunilda
name: Jung, Christian
name: Navarese, Eliano
name: Franz, Marcus
name: Kretzschmar, Daniel
name: Wernly, Bernhard
name: Lichtenauer, Michael
name: Lauten, Alexander
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: tricuspid valve regurgitation
subject: interventional therapies
subject: the forma device
subject: trialign
subject: tricinch
subject: traipta
subject: orthotopic valve replacement
subject: heterotopic valve replacement
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a complex condition of the right ventricle (RV) and tricuspid valve apparatus and is frequently associated with symptomatic heart failure and a significant morbidity and mortality. In these patients, left heart pathologies lead to chronic pressure overload of the RV, eventually causing progressive RV dilatation and functional TR. Therefore, TR cannot be considered as isolated heart valve disease pathology but has to be understood and treated as one component of a complex structural RV pathology and is frequently also a marker of an advanced stage of cardiac disease. In these patients, medical therapy restricted to diuretics and heart failure medication is frequently ineffective. Also, severe TR in the setting of advanced heart failure constitutes a high risk for cardiac surgery. Neither one of these treatment options has demonstrated a beneficial effect on long-term prognosis. The recent innovations in transcatheter technology led to efforts to develop interventional approaches to severe TR. Multiple innovative treatment concepts are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation to replace or repair TV function. However, up to date none of these approaches is established and there is still a lack of clinical data to support the efficacy of transcatheter TR treatment.
Search for new baryon resonances
Creators: name: Saghai, B.
name: Li, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a chiral constituent quark formalism, allowing the inclusion of all known resonances, a comprehensive study of the recent eta photoproduction data on the proton up to 2 GeV is performed. This study shows evidence for a new S11 resonances and indicates the presence of an additional missing P13 resonance.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Invited talk given at the International Symposium on Electromagnetic Interactions in Nuclear and Hadron Physics (EMI2001), Osaka, Japan, 4-7 Dec. 2001
Additional file 2 of Comparative analysis of chloroplast genome structure and molecular dating in Myrtales
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Feng
name: Landis, Jacob B.
name: Wang, Hong-Xin
name: Zhu, Zhi-Xin
name: Wang, Hua-Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S7. Optimal phylogenetic tree resulting from analyses of 92 complete chloroplast genomes of Myrtales and 20 outgroups using Maximum Likelihood (ML). Support values are maximum likelihood bootstrap support posterior probability. The families of Myrtales are indicated by different colors. . The support value on the branch is bootstrap value, “*” means 100% support value, and “-” means bootstrap value is less than 60. The families of Myrtales are represented by different colors. The small picture in the upper left corner is the ML phylogenetic tree (showing branch length).
Additional file 3 of Comparative analysis of chloroplast genome structure and molecular dating in Myrtales
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Feng
name: Landis, Jacob B.
name: Wang, Hong-Xin
name: Zhu, Zhi-Xin
name: Wang, Hua-Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Eta, Pi value, H, Hd, PICs, the length and aligned length of 188 Myrtales homologous loci across.
Additional file 4 of Comparative analysis of chloroplast genome structure and molecular dating in Myrtales
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Feng
name: Landis, Jacob B.
name: Wang, Hong-Xin
name: Zhu, Zhi-Xin
name: Wang, Hua-Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Species information and chloroplast genomes GenBank accession number of Outgroups in this study.
Continuous blood glucose monitoring reveals enormous circadian variations in pregnant diabetic rats
Creators: name: Golic, Michaels
name: Kräker, Kristin
name: Fischer, Caroline
name: Alenina, Natalia
name: Haase, Nadine
name: Herse, Florian
name: Schütte, Till
name: Henrich, Wolfgang
name: Müller, Dominik N.
name: Busjahn, Andreas
name: Bader, Michael
name: Dechend, Ralf
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: continuous glucose monitoring
subject: pregnancy
subject: diabetes
subject: rat
subject: circadian variation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Aim: Diabetes in pregnancy is a major burden with acute and long-term consequences. Its treatment requires adequate diagnosis and monitoring of therapy. Many experimental research on diabetes during pregnancy has been performed in rats. Recently, continuous blood glucose monitoring of non-pregnant diabetic rats revealed an increased circadian variability of blood glucose that made a single blood glucose measurement per day inappropriate to reflect glycemic status. Continuous blood glucose measurement has never been performed in pregnant rats. We wanted to perform continuous blood glucose monitoring in pregnant rats to decipher the influence of pregnancy on blood glucose in diabetic and normoglycemic status. Methods: We used the transgenic Tet29 diabetes rat model with an inducible knock down of the insulin receptor via RNA interference upon application of doxycycline (DOX) leading to insulin resistant type II diabetes. All Tet29 rats received a HD-XG telemetry implant (Data Sciences International, USA) that measured blood glucose and activity continuously. Rats were divided into four groups and blood glucose was monitored until end of pregnancy or the corresponding period: Tet29 + DOX (diabetic) non-pregnant, Tet29 + DOX (diabetic) pregnant, Tet29 (normoglycemic) non-pregnant, Tet29 (normoglycemic) pregnant. Results: Allanalyzed rats displayed a circadian variation in blood glucose concentration. Circadian variability was much more pronounced in pregnant diabetic rats than in normoglycemic pregnant rats. Pregnancy ameliorated variation in blood glucose in diabetic situation. Pregnancy continuously decreased blood glucose during normoglycemic pregnancy. Diabetic rats were less active than normoglycemic rats. We performed a calculation showing that application of continuous blood glucose measurement reduces Interpretation: Continuous blood glucose monitoring via a telemetry device in pregnant rats provides a more informative picture of the glycemic situation in comparison to single measurements. This could improve diagnosis and therapy of diabetes, decrease animal numbers within experimental settings, and add another physiological parameter (activity) to the analysis that could be helpful in testing therapeutic concepts targeting blood glucose levels and peripheral muscle function. We propose continuous glucose monitoring as a new tool for the evaluation of pregnant diabetic rats.
Revivals imply quantum many-body scars
Creators: name: Alhambra, Álvaro M.
name: Anshu, Anurag
name: Wilming, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive general results relating revivals in the dynamics of quantum many-body systems to the entanglement properties of energy eigenstates. For a D-dimensional lattice system of N sites initialized in a low-entangled and short-range correlated state, our results show that a perfect revival of the state after a time at most poly(N) implies the existence of "quantum many-body scars", whose number grows at least as the square root of N up to poly-logarithmic factors. These are energy eigenstates with energies placed in an equally-spaced ladder and with Rényi entanglement entropy scaling as log(N) plus an area law term for any region of the lattice. This shows that quantum many-body scars are a necessary condition for revivals, independent of particularities of the Hamiltonian leading to them. We also present results for approximate revivals, for revivals of expectation values of observables and prove that the duration of revivals of states has to become vanishingly short with increasing system size.
description: 7+8 pages, 3 figures, new author and new results on Renyi entropies in v2
Hunter-Gatherer Societies: their Diversity and Evolutionary Processes
Creators: name: Svizzero, Serge
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Svizzero, Serge
name: Tisdell, Clem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Biological diversity
subject: biological evolution
subject: hunters and gatherers
subject: prehistoric societies
subject: social diversity
subject: social evolution.

description: It is argued that attributes which have been widely used to typify hunter-gatherer societies are inadequate for several reasons. One is that they fail to capture the full extent of the diversity of these societies. We suggest some additional attributes which should be taken into account in characterizing these societies. Linear (unidirectional) models of the development of prehistoric societies are criticized and multi-linear models are discussed. Currently, three main stereotypes of the nature of hunter-gatherer societies exist. While these indicate that they were diverse, they fail to capture the full extent of their diversity. It is suggested that this diversity increased with the passage of time and was shaped by the varied local eco-geographic conditions (local resource endowments) in which these societies existed. This raises the question of whether this development had the same basis as speciation in the biological theory of natural selection. This is discussed and then particular attention is given to Adam Smith’s vision of the evolution of human societies. In conclusion, it is suggested that the evolutionary path of modern societies has diverged from that of prehistoric societies.
Complanledra Cai 1998
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Complanledra

description: Genus Complanledra Cai
 Complanledra Cai, 1998: 213.
 Type species. C. complana Cai 1998: 214, fig. 3, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Cai and Huang (1998): “Medium-sized leafhopper, body flat, light brunneus. Head spatulate and ventrally concave, median length of crown shorter than interocular width in male, the lateral margins straight in front of eyes and then oblique to apex, which is obtusely angulate. Eyes and ocelli prominent, ocelli situated in the line of anterior margin of eyes, nearer to each other than to eyes. Pronotum as long as crown, anterolaterally foveately depressed and declivous, with a shallow medial slit on apical part, lateral margins straight and parallel to each other, posterior margin concavely sinuous. Scutellum moderately large, slightly shorter than pronotum in length. Forewings long and narrow, semihyaline, costal margin and inner margin parallel, veins raised in relief and reticulate, base of vein A 1 crestiformly prominent. Legs moderately long and slender, with a white fringe of hairlike spines, metathoracic tibia somewhat foliaceously dilated, apical half of outer margin with several dentate-like spines. Male abdominal sternum VIII longer than sternum VII, posterior margin concave. Pygofer large and broad, with smaller process on apical half of ventral margin. Plates pod-shaped, long and narrow. Connective depressed, plate-shaped. Styli long and narrow, with distal parts inflected. Aedeagus tubulose, bent, with apical part swollen.”
 Species. [1]: complana Cai & Huang.
 Range. China (Yunnan).
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. None.
 Remarks. Complanledra is monobasic. Cai and Huang stated that it is closely allied to Funkikonia, but distinguished by having a “flat body, the crown as long as the pronotum in the male, the lateral margins of pronotum straight and parallel [to] each other, the metathoracic tibia somewhat foliaceously dilated and the bent apex of the styli without processes.” They also indicated that the type specimens of Complanledra and two newly described species of Funkikonia were located at the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Academica Sinica), Beijing, and the NMNS. However, no specimen matching the description of Complanledra was observed in material received from NMNS, and material at the Chinese Academy of Sciences was not made available for this project (no response was received to letters or emails).
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on pages 35-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Distinct housing conditions reveal a major impact of adaptive immunity on the course of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Sbierski-Kind, Julia
name: Kath, Jonas
name: Brachs, Sebastian
name: Streitz, Mathias
name: Herrath, Matthias G. Von
name: Kühl, Anja A.
name: Schmidt-Bleek, Katharina
name: Mai, Knut
name: Spranger, Joachim
name: Volk, Hans-Dieter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: obesity
subject: adaptive immunity
subject: type 2 diabetes
subject: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
subject: housing conditions
subject: insulin resistance
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Obesity is associated with adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, our knowledge is mostly based on conventional murine models and promising preclinical studies rarely translated into successful therapies. There is a growing awareness of the limitations of studies in laboratory mice, housed in abnormally hygienic specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions, as relevant aspects of the human immune system remain unappreciated. Here, we assessed the impact of housing conditions on adaptive immunity and metabolic disease processes during high-fat diet (HFD). We therefore compared diet-induced obesity in SPF mice with those housed in non-SPF, so-called "antigen exposed" (AE) conditions. Surprisingly, AE mice fed a HFD maintained increased insulin levels to compensate for insulin resistance, which was reflected in islet hyperplasia and improved glucose tolerance compared to SPF mice. By contrast, we observed higher proportions of effector/memory T cell subsets in blood and liver of HFD AE mice accompanied by the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-like liver pathology. Thus, our data demonstrate the impact of housing conditions on metabolic alterations. Studies in AE mice, in which physiological microbial exposure was restored, could provide a tool for revealing therapeutic targets for immune-based interventions for T2D patients.
$\mathcal{N}{=}\,2$ supersymmetric hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland model
Creators: name: Fedoruk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $\mathcal{N}{=}\,2$ supersymmetric hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland model obtained in arXiv:1902.08023 by gauging the $\mathcal{N}{=}\,2$ superfield matrix system is studied. Classical and quantum $\mathcal{N}{=}\,2$ supersymmetry generators are found. The difference in the structure of classical and quantum supercharges is established. It is shown that, unlike classical supercharges, quantum supersymmetry generators can be limited to an invariant sub-sector that does not contain off-diagonal fermion operators. The Lax pair for supersymmetric generalization of the hyperbolic Calogero-Sutherland system is constructed.
description: 1+16 pages; v3: references and some clarifications added, typos corrected
Bell inequalities and distillability in N-quantum-bit systems
Creators: name: Acin, Antonio
name: Scarani, Valerio
name: Wolf, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between Bell inequalities with two two-outcome measurements per site and distillability is analyzed in systems of an arbitrary number of quantum bits. We observe that the violation of any of these inequalities by a quantum state implies that pure-state entanglement can be distilled from it. The corresponding distillation protocol may require that some of the parties join into several groups. We show that there exists a link between the amount of the Bell inequality violation and the size of the groups they have to form for distillation. Thus, a strong violation is always sufficient for full N-partite distillability. This result also allows for a security proof of multi-partite quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols.
description: REVTEX, 12 pages, two figures
Genetic Erosion in Traditional Food Crops in the Pacific Islands: Background, Socioeconomic Causes and Policy Issues - WP193 Amended
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tisdell, Clem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: biodiversity loss
subject: crop varieties
subject: gene banks
subject: genetic capital
subject: food crops
subject: food security
subject: Pacific Islands
subject: sustainable development.

description: The genetic diversity of traditional food crops is rapidly declining in the Pacific Islands, as is also true globally. This loss in the Pacific is of particular concern worldwide because some of these islands (such as New Guinea) are primary centres of origin of several globally important food crops (e.g. bananas and sugar cane). This article provides background information on the evolution of the diversity of these crops, investigates (within the Pacific context) the socioeconomic reasons for this loss, analyses its possible economic consequences, and considers the economic benefits and costs of conserving crop varieties. The potential economic benefits foregone by failing to conserve a crop variety that possesses genetic attributes which would counter a productivity reducing new disease or environmental development is shown to depend on the nature of the demand function for the crop’s production. Other things being held constant, this potential loss is greater the larger is the absolute demand for a crop’s production and the more inelastic is this demand. Staple crop’s production seem to satisfy these conditions, especially the first one. In fact, gene banks in the Pacific Islands have concentrated on conserving varieties of staple crops. However, ignoring the conservation of minor traditional crops may not always be optimal, given that circumstances change. The economics and costs associated with the conservation of crop diversity in situ and ex situ are discussed. The effective analysis of this is shown to be challenging but it is an important consideration in making conservation decisions. Unfortunately, this subject appears to have received little attention in the Pacific as well as globally.
Electronic structures of La$_3$S$_4$ and Ce$_3$S$_4$
Creators: name: Shim, J. H.
name: Kim, Kyoo
name: Min, B. I.
name: Kang, J. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated electronic structures of La$_3$S$_4$ and Ce$_3$S$_4$ using the LSDA and LSDA+$U$ methods. Calculated density of states (DOS) are compared with the experimental DOS obtained by the valence band photoemission spectroscopy. The DOS at $E_{\rm{F}}$ indicates the 5$d$ character in La$_3$S$_4$ and 4$f$ character in Ce$_3$S$_4$. It is found to be nearly half metallic in the ferromagnetic ground state of Ce$_3$S$_4$. %Ce$_3$S$_4$ has ferromagnetic ground states with spin and orbital magnetic %moments of 1.27 $μ_{\rm{B}}$ and $-$2.81 $μ_{\rm{B}}$ per Ce, respectively, %and shows nearly half metallic ground state. We discuss the superconductivity and structural transition in La$_3$S$_4$, and the absence of structural transition in Ce$_3$S$_4$.
description: Transport and Thermal Properties of Advanced Materials(Aug. 2002; Hiroshima, Japan)
Study of the Option Ordering Policy concerning Perishable Farm Produce Based on Revenue Sharing Contract
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaojing
name: Liu, Xiaojing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Revenue sharing contract
subject: Perishable goods
subject: Options
subject: Ordering policy

description: This paper considers the two-echelon supply chain system which consists of single agricultural producers and retailers, and analyzes the impact of sharing ratio on the option ordering quantity, and retailers and producers' expected profits. Studies have shown that in the case of decentralization, when the revenue sharing ratio is between 0 and 0.3, the option ordering quantity of farm produce is a decreasing function of the sharing ratio; when the revenue sharing ratio is between 0.3 and 1, the option ordering quantity of farm produce is an increasing function of sharing ratio; when the revenue sharing ratio is between 0.421 and 1, the agricultural producers and retailers' expected profits are an increasing function of sharing ratio. Finally, through the numerical calculation, the applicability of the conclusions is verified, to provide a reference for the supply chain management practices.
Strong Coupling Limit of Open String: Born-Infeld Analysis
Creators: name: Park, I. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a large coupling limit of a Born-Infeld action in a curved background of an arbitrary metric and a constant two form field. Following hep-th/0009061, we go to the Hamiltonian description. The Hamiltonian can be dualized and the dual action admits a string-like configuration as its solution. We interpret it as a closed string configuration. The procedure can be viewed as a novel way of bringing out the appropriate degrees of freedom, a closed string, for a open string under the strong coupling limit. We argue that this interpretation implies a large number of dual pairs of gauge and gravity theories whose particular examples are AdS/CFT and matrix theory conjectures.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, minor typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Study on Rural Poverty Reduction Effect of Traffic Infrastructure
Creators: name: Guo, Junping
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Zhang, Xiyan
name: Guo, Junping
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Zhang, Xiyan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Traffic infrastructure
subject: Rural poverty reduction
subject: Economic growth

description: To systematically comb and explore the rural poverty reduction effect of traffic infrastructure, the author analyzed the mechanism, main channels and actual effect of rural traffic infrastructure on poverty reduction. It revealed that rural traffic infrastructure exerts positive or negative effect on poverty reduction. The positive channel includes increasing non-agricultural employment opportunities, reducing costs for agricultural production, transportation and labor transfer, increasing availability of social service, and promoting adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and development of rural tourism resources. On the whole, traffic infrastructure has significant positive influence on rural poverty reduction. Finally, it summarized policy recommendations for building pro-poor traffic infrastructure, and came up with vacancy of related research field and future exploration direction.
Revisiting pseudo-Dirac neutrinos
Creators: name: Balaji, K. R. S.
name: Kalliomaki, Anna
name: Maalampi, Jukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pseudo-Dirac mixing of left and right-handed neutrinos in the case where the Majorana masses M_L and M_R are small when compared with the Dirac mass, M_D. The light Majorana masses could be generated by a non-renormalizable operator reflecting effects of new physics at some high energy scale. In this context, we obtain a simple model independent closed bound for M_D. A phenomenologically consistent scenario is achieved with M_L,M_R ~ 10^{-7} eV and M_D ~ 10^{-5}-10^{-4} eV. This precludes the possibility of positive mass searches in the planned future experiments like GENIUS or in tritium decay experiments. If on the other hand, GENIUS does observe a positive signal for a Majorana mass \geq 10^{-3} eV, then with very little fine tuning of neutrino parameters, the scale of new physics could be in the TeV range, but pseudo-Dirac scenario in that case is excluded. We briefly discuss the constraints from cosmology when a fraction of the dark matter is composed of nearly degenerate neutrinos.
description: 17 pages, no figures, references added, to be published in PLB
Phenotypic characterization of aberrant stem and progenitor cell populations in myelodysplastic syndromes
Creators: name: Ostendorf, Benjamin N.
name: Flenner, Eva
name: Flörcken, Anne
name: Westermann, Jörg
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: acute myeloid-leukemia
subject: lectin-like molecule-1
subject: hematopoietic-cells
subject: surface
subject: marker
subject: expression
subject: antibody
subject: targets
subject: CD44
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Recent reports have revealed myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) to arise from cancer stem cells phenotypically similar to physiological hematopoietic stem cells. Myelodysplastic hematopoiesis maintains a hierarchical organization, but the proportion of several hematopoietic compartments is skewed and multiple surface markers are aberrantly expressed. These aberrant antigen expression patterns hold diagnostic and therapeutic promise. However, eradication of MDS requires targeting of early myelodysplasia propagating stem cells. This warrants an exact assessment of the differentiation stage at which aberrant expression occurs in transformed hematopoiesis. Here, we report results on the prospective and extensive dissection of the hematopoietic hierarchy in 20 patients with either low-risk MDS or MDS with excess blasts and compare it to hematopoiesis in patients with non-malignancy associated cytopenia or B cell lymphoma without bone marrow infiltration. We found patients with MDS with excess blasts to exhibit characteristic expansions of specific immature progenitor compartments. We also identified the aberrant expression of several markers including ALDH, CLL-1, CD44, and CD47 to be specific features of hematopoiesis in MDS with excess blasts. We show that amongst these, aberrant CLL-1 expression manifested at the early uncommitted hematopoietic stem cell level, suggesting a potential role as a therapeutic target.
Requirement of Family Enterprises of Feed and Veterinary Drugs for Improving Professional Manager Mechanism and Recommendations
Creators: name: SHEN, Zhongming
name: SHEN, Zhongming
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Family enterprises of feed and veterinary drugs
subject: Professional manager mechanism
subject: Recommendations

description: In the development of family enterprises of feed and veterinary drugs in China, there are many problems, such as lack of organic integration of human capital and social human capital. This paper introduced development thread of family enterprises of feed and veterinary drugs in China, analyzed theories and practical development requirement for improving professional manager mechanism, and came up with recommendations including establishing proper employing system, incentive and restraint mechanism, corporate culture, and professional manager market.
What do you mean, BERT? Assessing BERT as a Distributional Semantics Model
Creators: name: Mickus, Timothee
name: Paperno, Denis
name: Constant, Mathieu
name: van Deemter, Kees
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contextualized word embeddings, i.e. vector representations for words in context, are naturally seen as an extension of previous noncontextual distributional semantic models. In this work, we focus on BERT, a deep neural network that produces contextualized embeddings and has set the state-of-the-art in several semantic tasks, and study the semantic coherence of its embedding space. While showing a tendency towards coherence, BERT does not fully live up to the natural expectations for a semantic vector space. In particular, we find that the position of the sentence in which a word occurs, while having no meaning correlates, leaves a noticeable trace on the word embeddings and disturbs similarity relationships.
Expected performances of the Characterising Exoplanet Satellite (CHEOPS) III. Data reduction pipeline: architecture and simulated performances
Creators: name: Hoyer, S.
name: Guterman, P.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Meunier, JC.
name: Benz, W.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CHaracterizing ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS), to be launched in December 2019, will detect and characterize small size exoplanets via ultra high precision photometry during transits. CHEOPS is designed as a follow-up telescope and therefore it will monitor a single target at a time. The scientific users will retrieve science-ready light curves of the target, automatically generated by the CHEOPS data reduction pipeline of the Science Operations Centre. This paper describes how the pipeline processes the series of raw images and, in particular, how it handles the specificities of CHEOPS data, such as the rotating field of view, the extended irregular Point Spread Function, and the data temporal gaps in the context of the strict photometric requirements of the mission. The current status and performance of the main processing stages of the pipeline, that is the calibration, correction and photometry, are presented to allow the users to understand how the science-ready data have been derived. Finally, the general performance of the pipeline is illustrated via the processing of representative scientific cases generated by the mission simulator.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 14 pages, 23 figures
Effect of dietary fiber and metabolites on mast cell activation and mast cell-associated diseases
Creators: name: Folkerts, Jelle
name: Stadhouders, Ralph
name: Redegeld, Frank A.
name: Tam, See-Ying
name: Hendriks, Rudi W.
name: Galli, Stephen J.
name: Maurer, Marcus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: mast cells
subject: allergy
subject: asthma
subject: dietary fiber
subject: short-chain fatty acids
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Many mast cell-associated diseases, including allergies and asthma, have seen a strong increase in prevalence during the past decades, especially in Western(ized) countries. It has been suggested that a Western diet may contribute to the prevalence and manifestation of allergies and asthma through reduced intake of dietary fiber and the subsequent production of their metabolites. Indeed, dietary fiber and its metabolites have been shown to positively influence the development of immune disorders via changes in microbiota composition and the regulation of B-and T-cell activation. However, the effects of these dietary components on the activation of mast cells, key effector cells of the inflammatory response in allergies and asthma, remain poorly characterized. Due to their location in the gut and vascularized tissues, mast cells are exposed to high concentrations of dietary fiber and/or its metabolites. Here, we provide a focused overview of current findings regarding the direct effects of dietary fiber and its various metabolites on the regulation of mast cell activity and the pathophysiology of mast cell-associated diseases.
Destinoides Cai and He
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Destinoides

description: Genus Destinoides Cai and He
 Destinoides Cai and He, 2000: 57.
 Type species. Destinoides fasciata Cai and He 2000: 57, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. From Cai and He 2000: “This genus most closely resembles Destinoides [sic= “ Destinia ”] Nast, but can be readily distinguished by the forewings with reticulate venation, the hind margin of male abdominal sternum VII emarginate, the pygofers with plate-like processes, and by the slender aedeagus with processes on apex.”
 Species. [2]: fasciata Cai and He; latifrons (Walker).
 Range. China (Hainan, Xizang, Yunnan); India (Sikkim); Sri Lanka [Ceylon]; Vietnam.
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. None.
 Remarks. This taxon suffers from the same ambiguity as Destinia (see ‘Remarks’ for Destinia), which is that none of its characteristic features are clear synapomorphies, but rather exist in some form or another in several other genera of Ledrini. It is not clear either whether the symplesiomorphic features mentioned by Cai and He represent even a unique combination. In the illustrations given by Cai and He (2000), the aedeagus is exceptionally (but not uniquely) slender, but not one of the other features mentioned in the description of the genus sets it apart, suggesting that this genus is synonymous with an existing taxon, perhaps Petalocephala. The weakness of the characterizations of existing genera, however, including Petalocephala, precludes making an accurate placement.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Vibrational Modes in LiBC: Theory Compared with Experiment
Creators: name: An, J. M.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Savrasov, S. Y.
name: Pickett, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for other superconductors in the MgB2 class currently is focussed on Li{1-x}BC, which when hole-doped (concentration x) should be a metal with the potential to be a better superconductor than MgB2. Here we present the calculated phonon spectrum of the parent semiconductor LiBC. The calculated Raman-active modes are in excellent agreement with a recent observation, and comparison of calculated IR-active modes with a recent report provides a prediction of the LO--TO splitting for these four modes, which is small for the B-C bond stretching mode at ~1200 cm^{-1}, but large for clearly resolved modes at 540 cm^{-1} and 620 cm^{-1}.
description: 4 pages, two embedded figures. Physica B (in press)
Efficacy and tolerability of old and new drugs used in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia: Results from a long-term observation in clinical practice
Creators: name: Depré, Fabian
name: Aboud, Nasra
name: Mayer, Beate
name: Salama, Abdulgabar
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Many patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) may require special attention and long-term treatment. Little is known on the efficacy and tolerability of the drugs used in practice. Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the results of therapy of 400 patients with chronic ITP. All Patients were treated at our institution between 1996-2016 under consideration of guidelines, general recommendations, and individual aspects, including gender, age, weight, comorbidity, patient's medical history and bleeding risk. Results: Treatment was not required in 25% of patients (n = 100) during observation. In treated patients (n = 300), the rate of patients that responded and tolerated treatment with prednisolone was 59% (52/88), with azathioprine 32% (29/90), with eltrombopag 49% (31/63), with romiplostim 59% 27/45, with IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulines) 75% (94/126), with anti-D 37% (19/52) and with dexamethasone 60% (25/42) patients. Eighteen treated patients (6%) entered sustained remission after treatment with various drugs. Twenty-six patients underwent splenectomy (Splx) resulting in sustained remission in 15 cases (60%). Only two patients remained refractory to Splx and to all used drugs. Discussion: None of the currently available drugs used in the treatment of ITP are invariably safe and effective. Responses, the duration of response, intolerability, and the course of disease are unpredictable. Although the treatment of ITP has considerably improved in the recent years, the currently available drugs may rarely cure affected patients. The need for safe and effective therapy in ITP is evident. Optimal treatment decisions for each patient remains a challenge in many cases.
Deep Teams: Decentralized Decision Making with Finite and Infinite Number of Agents
Creators: name: Arabneydi, Jalal
name: Aghdam, Amir G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired by the concepts of deep learning in artificial intelligence and fairness in behavioural economics, we introduce deep teams in this paper. In such systems, agents are partitioned into a few sub-populations so that the dynamics and cost of agents in each sub-population is invariant to the indexing of agents. The goal of agents is to minimize a common cost function in such a manner that the agents in each sub-population are not discriminated or privileged by the way they are indexed. Two non-classical information structures are studied. In the first one, each agent observes its local state as well as the empirical distribution of the states of agents in each sub-population, called deep state, whereas in the second one, the deep states of a subset (possibly all) of sub-populations are not observed. Novel dynamic programs are developed to identify globally optimal and sub-optimal solutions for the first and second information structures, respectively. The computational complexity of finding the optimal solution in both space and time is polynomial (rather than exponential) with respect to the number of agents in each sub-population and is linear (rather than exponential) with respect to the control horizon. This complexity is further reduced in time by introducing a forward equation, that we call deep Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, described by multiple convolutional layers of Binomial probability distributions. Two different prices are defined for computation and communication, and it is shown that under mild assumptions they converge to zero as the quantization level and the number of agents tend to infinity. In addition, the main results are extended to the infinite-horizon discounted model and arbitrarily asymmetric cost function. Finally, a service-management example with 200 users is presented.
description: To appear in IEEE Transaction on Automatic Control, 16 pages
A fossil Aspergillus from Baltic amber
Creators: name: Dörfelt, Heinrich
name: Schmidt, Alexander R.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 561 Paläobotanik, fossile Mikroorganismen

description: A piece of Baltic amber (Tertiary, Eocene) contains an inclusion of a springtail (Collembola) which is overgrown by an Aspergillus species. The fossil fungus is described as A. collembolorum sp. nov. The excellent mode of preservation of the numerous conidiophores is remarkable and can be explained by sporulation in liquid resin. This is the second report of a fossil Aspergillus, the first being from Dominican amber.