Syneches moraballi Smith
Creators: name: Soares, Matheus M. M.
name: Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P.
name: Ale-Rocha, Rosaly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Hybotidae
Syneches
Syneches moraballi

description: Syneches moraballi Smith
(Figs 31A–E, 55)
Syneches moraballi Smith, 1963: 155; 1967: 167 (cat.); Yang et al., 2007: 311 (cat.); Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008: 118 (Brazil); Menezes & Ale-Rocha, 2016: 424–426, figs 73–79, 112, 121 (rev., distr.); Soares & Ale-Rocha, 2018: 640, figs 12, 17 (NE Brazil). Type locality: Essequibo River, Moraballi Creek, Guyana.
Diagnosis. Small size (3.0 mm) (Fig. 31A). Antenna yellow, with postpedicel varying from yellow to dark brown (Fig. 31C). Scutum rounded, as broad as mesopleuron in lateral view, from yellow to brown, prescutellar disc and pal cal covered with dense gray pruinescence (visible without magnifying) (Figs 31A, B). Femora slender; legs predominantly yellow (Figs 31A, D). Wing hyaline; pterostigma inconspicuous; second section of M 1 slightly longer than crossvein r-m (Fig. 31E).
Material examined. BRAZIL. Amapá: Oiapoque, Ramal km 7, 03°49′19″N 51°45′52″W, 16.xi.2014, Arm. Malaise, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F. (5 ♀, INPA). Pará: Belem, (Area P-1), 20.vi.1964, Shope & de Freitas (1 ♂, 2 ♀, CNC); idem, 04.xi.1964 (1 ♂, 3 ♀, CNC); IPEAN, 23.iii.1970, J.M. & B.A. Campbell (1 ♀, CNC). Maranhão: Carolina, PARNA Chapada das Mesas, Riacho Sucuruiu, 240 m, 07°07′05.6″S 47°18′31.6″W, Suspensa simples (5 m), 10–20.iii.2014, J.A. Rafael, F. Limeira de Oliveira, T.L. Rocha & G.A. Reis, cols. (1 ♀, CZMA); idem, Suspensa simples (20 m) (1 ♂, CZMA); idem, Armadilha Malaise, 1–10.vii.2014 (1 ♂, CZMA); idem, 10–20.ix.2014 (1 ♂, 2 ♀, CZMA); idem, Riacho Corrente, 288 m, 07°04′24.2″S 47°05′25.2, Armadilha Malaise, 10–20.vii.2014 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CZMA); idem, 298 m, 07°04′29.2″S 47°05′42.2″W, 10–20.ix.2014 (1♂, CZMA); idem, Suspensa simples (15 m), 20–30.iv.2014 (1♀, CZMA); idem, Riacho Cancela, 225 m, 07°06′44.2″S 47°17′56.8″W, Armadilha Malaise, 1–15.vii.2013 (2 ♀, CZMA); 11–14.vi.2014 (1 ♂, CZMA); Pov. Canto Grande, Balneário Urupuxete, Armadilha luminosa, 23–27.ii.2009, Limeira de Oliveira, A.L. Costa & M.M. Abreu, cols. (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CZMA); idem, Perímetro Urbano, 07°19′40″S 47°27′14.5″W, Armadilha Luminosa, 25–26.xii.2013 (1♂, CZMA); Mirador, Parque Est. Mirador, Base dos Cágados, 06°46′29″S 45°06′28″W, Armadilha Malaise, 26.xi–03.xii.2011, F. Limeira de Oliveira & D.W.A. Marques, cols. (3♂, 3♀, CZMA); idem, Armadilha Suspensa (2 ♂, CZMA); idem, Base Geraldina, 419 m, 06°37′25″S 45°52′08″W, 1–15.vi.2014, F. Limeira de Oliveira, L.L.M. Santos & L.S. Santos (1 ♀, CZMA); idem, Armadilha Malaise (1 ♀, CZMA); idem, 16.iv.2007 (1 ♂, CZMA); idem, Posto avançado do Mel, 06°43′50″S 44°58′59″W, Arm. Luminosa Móvel, 02–08.iv.2011, F. Limeira de Oliveira, G.A. Reis & M.S. Oliveira, cols. (2 ♀, CZMA); idem, Base do Mosquito, 04–08.ii.2011 (1 ♀, CZMA); Riachão, Fazenda Altos, Armadilha Malaise, 18–22.viii.2009 (1 ♂, CZMA); Bom Jardim, REBIO-Res. Biol. Gurupi, 17–27.i.2010 (1 ♀, CZMA); idem, 01–06.iii.2011 (1♂, CZMA); Caxias, Res. Ecol. Inhamum, Arm. Malaise, 15–19.xi.2005, G.A. Cunha, col. (1 ♀, CZMA); idem, 01–06.viii.2006 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CZMA). Tocantins: Jalapão, Mateiros, R. Novo, 400 m, 10°33′24″S 46°35′38″W, 31.iii.2008, arm. luz, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F. (1 ♀, INPA); Conceição do Rio, Rio do Peixe, 420 m, 11°22′05″S 46°55′12″W, 28.iii.2008, armadilha luz, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F. (1 ♂, INPA). Bahia: St. Terezinha, Serra Jibóia, 12°51′13″S 39°28′32″W, 800 m, 8.vi.2007, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F., luz (1 ♂, 1 ♀, INPA). Espírito Santo: Alfredo Chaves, mata, 714 m, 20°27′53″S 40°42′35″W, 08–15.x.2007, Malaise, M. Tavares & C. Azevedo e eq. col. (4 ♀, UFES); Domingos Martins, Mata Pico do Eldorado, 20°22′17″S 40°39′29″W, 23.xi–03.xii.2004 (1 ♀, UFES). São Paulo: Ribeirão Grande, Pq. Est. Intervales – Barra Grande, 24°18′16″S 48°21′53″W, 10–13.xii.2000, Arm. Malaise, trilha 1, M.T. Tavares & eq. col. (2 ♀, UFES). COLOMBIA. Meta, San Martín, Malaise (no other data) (1 ♂, INPA).
Distribution. Brazil (Amapá *, Amazonas, Bahia * Espírito Santo *, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Piauí, Rondônia, Roraima, Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo * and Tocantins) (Fig. 55); Colombia *, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela. Syneches moraballi is a widely distributed species in northern South America, occurring in the biomes of Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Cerrado and Pantanal.
Remarks. Syneches moraballi is easily recognized by the character set presented in the diagnosis. The previous record of S. moraballi from the Brazilian administrative state of Goiás (Araguacema, ref. Menezes & Ale-Rocha 2016) is actually located in the state of Tocantins. Syneches moraballi is one of the most widely distributed species of the genus in Brazil and probably one of the most often collected in the country.
description: Published as part of Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2021, Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 5049 (1) on pages 48-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5560580