cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutron Skins and Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Piekarewicz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron-skin thickness of heavy nuclei provides a fundamental link to the equation of state of neutron-rich matter, and hence to the properties of neutron stars. The Lead Radius Experiment ("PREX") at Jefferson Laboratory has recently provided the first model-independence evidence on the existence of a neutron-rich skin in 208Pb. In this contribution we examine how the increased accuracy in the determination of neutron skins expected from the commissioning of intense polarized electron beams may impact the physics of neutron stars.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the Proceedings of the "Workshop to Explore Physics Opportunities with Intense, Polarized Electron Beams up to 300 MeV"
Transition disc nature of post-AGB binary systems confirmed by mid-infrared interferometry
Creators: name: Corporaal, A.
name: Kluska, J.
name: Van Winckel, H.
name: Andrych, K.
name: Cuello, N.
name: Kamath, D.
name: Merand, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many properties of circumbinary discs around evolved post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) binary systems are similar to those of protoplanetary discs around young stars. The deficits of near-infrared (near-IR) flux in the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these systems hints towards large dust-free cavities that are reminiscent of transition discs as are commonly observed around young stars. We aim to assess the size of the inner rim of 6 post-AGB binary systems with lack in the near-IR like this. We used resolved mid-infrared (mid-IR) high-angular resolution observations of VLTI/MATISSE and VLTI/MIDI. We compared these inner rim sizes to 5 systems with available MATISSE data that were identified to host a disc starting at the dust sublimation radius. We used geometric ring models to estimate the inner rim sizes, the relative flux contributions of the star, the ring, and an over-resolved emission, the orientation of the ring, and the spectral dependences of the components. We find that the inner dust rims of the targets with a lack of near-IR excess in their SEDs are 2.5 to 7.5 times larger than the theoretical dust sublimation radii, and inner rim sizes of the systems that do not show this deficit are similar to those of their theoretical dust sublimation radii. The physical radii of the inner rims of these transition discs around post-AGB binaries are 3-25 au, which are larger than the disc sizes inferred for transition discs around young stars with VLTI/MIDI. With mid-IR interferometric data, we directly confirm the transition disc nature of six circumbinary discs around post-AGB binary systems. Future observational and modelling efforts are needed to progress in our understanding of the structure, origin, and evolution of these transition discs
description: accepted for publication in A&A. 13 pages, including appendices
Additional file 1 of A systematic review and meta-analysis of low back pain and its associated factors among school teachers in Africa
Creators: name: Tesfaye, Amensisa Hailu
name: Abere, Giziew
name: Mekonnen, Tesfaye Hambisa
name: Jara, Abdisa Gemedi
name: Aragaw, Fantu Mamo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Population study on MHD wind-driven disc evolution -- Confronting theory and observation
Creators: name: Weder, Jesse
name: Mordasini, Christoph
name: Emsenhuber, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Current research has established magnetised disc winds as a promising way of driving accretion in protoplanetary discs. Aims. We investigate the evolution of large protoplanetary disc populations under the influence of magnetically driven disc winds as well as internal and external photoevaporation. We aim to constrain magnetic disc wind models through comparisons with observations. Methods. We ran 1D vertically integrated evolutionary simulations for low-viscosity discs, including magnetic braking and various outflows. The initial conditions were varied and chosen to produce populations that are representative of actual disc populations inferred from observations. We then compared the observables from the simulations (e.g. stellar accretion rate, disc mass evolution, disc lifetime, etc.) with observational data. Results. Our simulations show that to reach stellar accretion rates comparable to those found by observations $\sim 10^{-8}\mathrm{M}_\odot / \mathrm{yr}$, it is necessary to have access not only to strong magnetic torques, but weak magnetic winds as well. The presence of a strong magnetic disc wind, in combination with internal photoevaporation, leads to the rapid opening of an inner cavity early on, allowing the stellar accretion rate to drop while the disc is still massive. Furthermore, our model supports the notion that external photoevaporation via the ambient far-ultraviolet radiation of surrounding stars is a driving force in disc evolution and could potentially exert a strong influence on planetary formation. Conclusions. Our disc population syntheses show that for a subset of magnetohydrodynamic wind models (weak disc wind, strong torque), it is possible to reproduce important statistical observational constraints. The magnetic disc wind paradigm thus represents a novel and appealing alternative to the classical $α$-viscosity scenario.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
title: Βέλτιστη επέκταση συστήματος μεταφοράς σε απομονωμένα συστήματα ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με μεγάλη διείσδυση ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας
Creators: name: Σκανδαλακη Μαρινα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2016

description: H επέκταση των Συστημάτων Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας (ΣΗΕ), και ειδικότερα των Συστημάτων Μεταφοράς (ΣΜΗΕ) υπό συνθήκες υψηλής διείσδυσης Ανανεώσιμων Πηγών Ενέργειας (ΑΠΕ), αποτελεί σημαντικό ερευνητικό πεδίο, κυρίως λόγω της αλματώδους ανάπτυξης των ΑΠΕ. Το πρόβλημα το οποίο προκύπτει από την αυξημένη παραγωγή ενέργειας από ΑΠΕ και η επακόλουθη ενίσχυση του δικτύου, με στόχο την εκμετάλλευση της παραγόμενης ενέργειας αλλά και τη διατήρηση της αξιοπιστίας και της ασφάλειας του συστήματος, οδηγεί στην αναζήτηση μεθόδων ελαχιστοποίησης του κόστους επέκτασης του, υπό συγκεκριμένους περιορισμούς.
Η παρούσα Μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή στοχεύει στην παρουσίαση των Ανανεώσιμων Πηγών Ενέργειας και την επίδραση τους στο Σύστημα Μεταφοράς. Αρχικά, αναφέρονται τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα της μεγάλης Διείσδυσης ΑΠΕ σε ΣΗΕ και οι μέθοδοι μοντελοποίησης παραγωγής ενέργειας από ΑΠΕ. Στη συνέχεια, περιγράφονται το πρόβλημα της επέκτασης του δικτύου μεταφοράς με ΑΠΕ, η μαθηματική του διατύπωση, καθώς και ο γενετικός αλγόριθμος, ο οποίος  αναπτύχθηκε για την ελαχιστοποίηση του κόστους και επομένως τη βελτιστοποίηση της επέκτασης του δικτύου, υπό συγκεκριμένες συνθήκες και γενικότερα περιορισμούς. Ο αλγόριθμος εφαρμόστηκε στο απομονωμένο σύστημα της Κρήτης, του οποίου η μοντελοποίηση  και η προσομοίωση υλοποιήθηκε με τη βοήθεια των προγραμμάτων Matlab και Matpower.
Additional file 1 of Platelet-derived exosomes promote neutrophil extracellular trap formation during septic shock
Creators: name: Jiao, Yang
name: Li, Weiwei
name: Wang, Wei
name: Tong, Xingyu
name: Xia, Ran
name: Fan, Jie
name: Du, Jianer
name: Zhang, Chengmi
name: Shi, Xueyin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary results and methods.
Generative Discovery of Novel Chemical Designs using Diffusion Modeling and Transformer Deep Neural Networks with Application to Deep Eutectic Solvents
Creators: name: Luu, Rachel K.
name: Wysokowski, Marcin
name: Buehler, Markus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a series of deep learning models to solve complex forward and inverse design problems in molecular modeling and design. Using both diffusion models inspired by nonequilibrium thermodynamics and attention-based transformer architectures, we demonstrate a flexible framework to capture complex chemical structures. First trained on the QM9 dataset and a series of quantum mechanical properties (e.g. homo, lumo, free energy, heat capacity, etc.), we then generalize the model to study and design key properties of deep eutectic solvents. In addition to separate forward and inverse models, we also report an integrated fully prompt-based multi-task generative pretrained transformer model that solves multiple forward, inverse design, and prediction tasks, flexibly and within one model. We show that the multi-task generative model has the overall best performance and allows for flexible integration of multiple objectives, within one model, and for distinct chemistries, suggesting that synergies emerge during training of this large language model. Trained jointly in tasks related to the QM9 dataset and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), the model can predict various quantum mechanical properties and critical properties to achieve deep eutectic solvent behavior. Several novel combinations of DESs are proposed based on this framework.
Additional file 2 of Physiological, biochemical and molecular responses associated with drought tolerance in grafted grapevine
Creators: name: Jiao, Shuzhen
name: Zeng, Fanwei
name: Huang, Yaping
name: Zhang, Libing
name: Mao, Juan
name: Chen, Baihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Primers used for RT-PCR.
Additional file 1 of Positioning, power and agency in postgraduate primary care supervision: a study of trainee narratives
Creators: name: Jackson, Dawn
name: Brady, Josephine
name: Dawkins, Donna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:Appendix 1. Interview schedule for narrative interviews with GP trainees. Appendix 2. Story summaries. Appendix 3. Exemplar of narrative analysis summary.
Quantum random walk : effect of quenching
Creators: name: Goswami, Sanchari
name: Sen, Parongama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of quenching on a discrete quantum random walk by removing a detector placed at a position $x_D$ abruptly at time $t_R$ from its path. The results show that this may lead to an enhancement of the occurrence probability at $x_D$ provided the time of removal $t_R < t_{R}^{lim}$ where $t_{R}^{lim}$ scales as $x_D{^2}$. The ratio of the occurrence probabilities for a quenched walker ($t_R \neq 0$) and free walker ($t_R =0$) shows that it scales as $1/t_R$ at large values of $t_R$ independent of $x_D$. On the other hand if $t_R$ is fixed this ratio varies as $x_{D}^{2}$ for small $x_D$. The results are compared to the classical case. We also calculate the correlations as functions of both time and position.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, accepted version in PRA
Occo análisis: Piratería en el Golfo de Guinea
Creators: name: Guzmán Domínguez, Juan David
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Desde hace varios años la piratería en África occidental ha estado aumentando. En 2016, tenía un costo de alrededor de 793.7 millones de dólares. En los primeros nueve meses del 2020, se reportaron los secuestros de ochenta y cinco miembros de la tripulación. Ochenta fueron tomados en el Golfo de Guinea en ataques en las afueras de Nigeria, Benín, Gabón, Guinea Ecuatorial y Ghana. El Secretario General de la Organización Marítima Internacional, Kitack Lim, ha enfatizado la escalada en la cantidad y gravedad de los ataques en el Golfo de Guinea. El funcionario insta al trabajo conjunto de todas las partes interesadas para restaurar la seguridad en el área. Un evento inquietante reciente es el ataque a la embarcación de carga turca Mozart en enero de 2021: quince tripulantes fueron secuestrados y a uno lo mataron.
Occo análisis: Explotación minera y grupos armados en al arco minero del Orinoco
Creators: name: Saldarkhan, Linon
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: En los últimos años, diversas fuentes dentro de Venezuela han informado de un aumento de violencia e inseguridad en la región fronteriza denominada el Arco Minero del Orinoco (AMO). Las fuentes sugieren que distintos actores armados, de los cuales se destacan el ELN, grupos disidentes de las FARC y organizaciones criminales venezolanas conocidas como “sindicatos”, compiten por el control de las actividades mineras en la región del Arco. Este análisis examina las dinámicas de los grupos armados en la zona del AMO.
Multi-Lepton Signals of Multiple Higgs Bosons
Creators: name: Craig, Nathaniel
name: Evans, Jared A.
name: Gray, Richard
name: Kilic, Can
name: Park, Michael
name: Somalwar, Sunil
name: Thomas, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and investigate novel multi-lepton signatures of extended Higgs sectors at the LHC in the guise of CP- and flavor-conserving two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs). Rather than designing individual searches tailored to specific 2HDM signals, we employ the combination of many exclusive multi-lepton search channels to probe the collective signal from the totality of production and decay processes. Multi-lepton signals of 2HDMs can arise from a variety of sources, including Standard Model-like production of the CP-even scalars, $h$ and $H$, through gluon-fusion with $h,H \to ZZ^{(*)}$, or associated production with vector bosons or top quarks, with $h,H \to WW^{(*)}, ZZ^{(*)},ττ$. Additional sources include gluon-fusion production of the heavy CP-even scalar with decays through the light CP-even scalar, the CP-odd scalar, $A$, or the charged scalar, $H^\pm$, such as $H \to hh$, $H \to AA$, $H \to H^+ H^-$, $H \to ZA$, with $A \to Zh, ττ$, $H^\pm \to Wh$, and $h \to WW^*, ZZ^*,ττ$. Altogether, the combined multi-lepton signal may greatly exceed that of the Standard Model Higgs boson and provides a sensitive probe of extended Higgs sectors. As a proof of principle, we use a factorized mapping procedure between model parameters and signatures to determine multi-lepton sensitivities in four different flavor conserving 2HDM parameter spaces by simulating the acceptance times efficiency in 20 exclusive multi-lepton channels for 222 independent production and decay topologies that arise for four benchmark 2HDM spectra within each parameter space. A comparison of these sensitivities with the results of a multi-lepton search conducted by the CMS collaboration using 5 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected from 7 TeV $pp$ collisions yields new limits in regions of 2HDM parameter space that have not previously been covered by other types of direct experimental searches.
description: 39 pages, 11 tables, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Copper ions inhibit Streptococcus mutans–Veillonella parvula dual biofilm by activating Streptococcus mutans reactive nitrogen species
Creators: name: Yun, Zhang
name: Xianghong, Liu
name: Qianhua, Gao
name: Qin, Du
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction primers. Table S2. The gene expression difference of S. mutans and S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm. Table S3. The gene expression difference of S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm with and without 250 μM copper ions. Table S4. The gene expression difference of S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm with 250 μM copper ions and 500 μM copper ions.
A Two-part Transformer Network for Controllable Motion Synthesis
Creators: name: Hou, Shuaiying
name: Tao, Hongyu
name: Bao, Hujun
name: Xu, Weiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although part-based motion synthesis networks have been investigated to reduce the complexity of modeling heterogeneous human motions, their computational cost remains prohibitive in interactive applications. To this end, we propose a novel two-part transformer network that aims to achieve high-quality, controllable motion synthesis results in real-time. Our network separates the skeleton into the upper and lower body parts, reducing the expensive cross-part fusion operations, and models the motions of each part separately through two streams of auto-regressive modules formed by multi-head attention layers. However, such a design might not sufficiently capture the correlations between the parts. We thus intentionally let the two parts share the features of the root joint and design a consistency loss to penalize the difference in the estimated root features and motions by these two auto-regressive modules, significantly improving the quality of synthesized motions. After training on our motion dataset, our network can synthesize a wide range of heterogeneous motions, like cartwheels and twists. Experimental and user study results demonstrate that our network is superior to state-of-the-art human motion synthesis networks in the quality of generated motions.
description: 16 pages, 26 figures
Occo análisis: Los flujos financieros ilícitos y sus consecuencias económicas
Creators: name: Eventon, Ross
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Estimaciones recientes sugieren que el valor de los flujos financieros ilícitos relacionados con el tráfico de drogas en el hemisferio occidental se encuentra entre $ 80 y $ 90 mil millones al año. Esta enorme suma ingresa a la economía legal luego de un proceso de lavado. Un elemento de este proceso, que a menudo se pasa por alto, es el efecto de estos flujos de capital en el modelo económico nacional y, además, la forma en que los cambios en ese modelo económico pueden facilitar el proceso de lavado.
title: Σχεδιασμός και προσδιορισμός λειτουργικών τμημάτων ρομποτικού οχήματος εξωτερικού χώρου
title: Design and specification of the operational parts of an outdoor robot vehicle
Creators: name: Μεριστουδη Ευαγγελια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2016

description: Η παρούσα εργασία ειδικεύεται στον επαναπροσδιορισμό και στην ανασχεδίαση των λειτουργικών και δομικών τμημάτων του  ρομποτικού οχήματος ATRV-mini πραγματοποιώντας παραμετρική σχεδίαση όλων των μερών και ανασχεδιασμένη χωροθέτηση για την επίτευξη βέλτιστης απόδοσης του. Πραγματοποιείται έρευνα ανανέωσης των λειτουργικών μερών όπως το σύστημα ασύρματης επικοινωνίας, το οπτικό σύστημα, σύστημα τροφοδοσίας μέσω φωτοβολταικών πάνελ κ.α. Έπειτα, κρίνεται απαραίτητη η έρευνα για την δημιουργία ειδικών αποθηκευτικών χώρων για ευαίσθητες συσκευές επάνω στο όχημα, κάνοντας χρήση της μεθόδου Τρισδιάστατης Εκτύπωσης (3D Printing). Βασικός στόχος είναι η επίτευξη πλήρους αυτόνομης συμπεριφοράς του ρομποτικού οχήματος και ασφαλής πλοήγησης του σε εξωτερικούς χώρους με σύνθεση των πληροφοριών που θα συνθέτει από τους αισθητήρες (κάμερα, αισθητήρες υπερήχων, GPS. πυξίδα).
Giants are bullies: how their growth influences systems of inner sub-Neptunes and super-Earths
Creators: name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Izidoro, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations point to a correlation between outer giants and inner sub-Neptunes, unexplained by simulations so far. We utilize N-body simulations including pebble and gas accretion as well as planetary migration to investigate how the gas accretion rates influence the formation of systems of inner sub-Neptunes and outer gas giants as well as the eccentricity distribution of the outer giant planets. Less efficient envelope contraction rates allow a more efficient formation of systems with inner sub-Neptunes and outer giants. This is caused by the fact that the cores formed in the inner disc are too small to accrete large envelopes and only cores growing in the outer disc can become giants. As a result, instabilities between the outer giant planets do not necessarily destroy the inner systems of sub-Neptunes unlike simulations where giant planets can form closer in. Our simulations show that up to 50% of the systems of cold Jupiters could have inner sub-Neptunes, in agreement with observations. Our simulations show a good agreement with the eccentricity distribution of giants, even though we find a slight mismatch to the mass and semi-major axes distributions. Synthetic transit observations of the inner systems (r<0.7 AU) reveal an excellent match to the Kepler observations, where our simulations match the period ratios of adjacent planet pairs. Thus, the breaking the chains model for super-Earth and sub-Neptune formation remains consistent with observations even when outer giant planets are present. However, simulations with outer giant planets produce more systems with mostly only one inner planet and with larger eccentricities, in contrast to simulations without outer giants. We thus predict that systems with truly single close-in planets are more likely to host outer gas giants and we consequently suggest RV follow-up observations of these systems to constrain the formation pathway.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication by A&A, now with language correction
title: Η επίδραση της κλιματικής αλλαγής στους ωκεανούς: η περίπτωση των μεδουσών
title: Effects of global climate change to the oceans: the case of jellyfish
Creators: name: Γκεκα-Σερπετσιδακη Πανδωρα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2016

description: Η επίδραση της κλιματικής αλλαγής στους ωκεανούς: η περίπτωση των μεδουσών
Το φαινόμενο της κλιματικής αλλαγής έχει επηρεάσει μεταξύ άλλων τους ωκεανούς, τα θαλάσσια οικοσυστήματα, και πιο συγκεκριμένα τον αριθμό των μεδουσών παγκοσμίως. Παράγοντες που επηρεάζονται άμεσα από την αλλαγή του παγκόσμιου κλίματος, έχουν συντελέσει στη δημιουργία ευνοϊκών συνθηκών για τη γρήγορη ανάπτυξη και τον πολλαπλασιασμό των μεδουσών. Στην εργασία, αρχικά επεξηγούνται όροι όπως:  κλιματική αλλαγή, φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου,  υπερθέρμανση του πλανήτη και οι επιπτώσεις τους στα θαλάσσια οικοσυστήματα και ειδικότερα στις μέδουσες. Στη συνέχεια, αναλύονται τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά του κύκλου ζωής της μέδουσας όπως η αναπαραγωγή, η διατροφή και ο θάνατος τους. Αναφέρονται εκτενώς οι παράγοντες που έχουν οδηγήσει στην αύξηση του πληθυσμού των μεδουσών, κάποιοι από τους οποίους είναι η υπεραλίευση συγκεκριμένων ειδών, ο ευτροφισμός, η θαλάσσια ρύπανση, τα "είδη ξενιστές" και η οξίνιση των ωκεανών. Ολοκληρώνοντας, επισημαίνονται τα προβλήματα που προκαλούν οι μέδουσες στον τουρισμό, στην αλιεία και στη βιομηχανία σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο.

description: Nowadays, climate change has seriously affected (amongst others) marine ecosystems and more specifically the population of jellyfish globally. Factors that are directly related to the global climate change have contributed to the development of suitable conditions for the rapid growth and proliferation of jellyfish. Initially, in this thesis, terms like climate change, greenhouse effect, planet overheating are specified and their consequences on the marine ecosystems and particularly on jellyfish are detailed. Subsequently, the main characteristics of jellyfish life cycle phases are analyzed (reproduction, nutrition and death). Factors that have led to the increase in jellyfish population are extensively studied, e.g. overfishing of specific species, eutrophication, sea pollution, "introduced species" or bio-pollution and oceans’ acidification. Finally, the major problems that jellyfish cause in tourism, fishing and industry are pointed out.
Twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes of the scalar mesons within the QCD sum rules and their application to the $B \to S$ transition form factors
Creators: name: Han, Hua-Yong
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Fu, Hai-Bing
name: Zhang, Qiong-Lian
name: Zhong, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of the scalar mesons $a_0$, $K^{\ast}_0$ and $f_0$ within the QCD sum rules. The QCD sum rules are improved by a consistent treatment of the sizable $s$-quark mass effects within the framework of the background field approach. Adopting the valence quark component $(\bar{q}_1 q_2)$ as the dominant structure of the scalar mesons, our estimation for their masses are close to the measured $a_0(1450)$, $K^{\ast}_0(1430)$ and $f_0(1710)$. From the sum rules, we obtain the first two non-zero moments of the twist-3 LCDAs $ϕ^{s,σ}_{a_0}$: $\langle ξ_{s,a_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.369 \;(0.245)$ and $\langle ξ_{σ,a_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.203 \;(0.093)$; those of the twist-3 LCDAs $ϕ_{K^*_0}^{s,σ}$: $\langle ξ_{s,K^{\ast}_0}^{1(2)} \rangle =0.004\;(0.355)$ and $\langle ξ_{σ,K^{\ast}_0}^{1(2)} \rangle =0.018\;(0.207)$; and those of the twist-3 LCDAs $ϕ_{f_0}^{s,σ}$: $\langle ξ_{s,f_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.335 \;(0.212)$ and $\langle ξ_{σ,f_0}^{2(4)} \rangle=0.196 \; (0.088)$, respectively. As an application of those twist-3 LCDAs, we study the $B \to S$ transition form factors by introducing proper chiral currents into the correlator, which is constructed such that the twist-3 LCDAs give dominant contribution and the twist-2 LCDAs make negligible contribution. Our results of the $B \to S$ transition form factors at the large recoil region $q^2 \simeq 0$ are consistent with those obtained in the literature, which inversely shows the present twist-3 LCDAs are acceptable.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables
The interplay between pebble and planetesimal accretion in population synthesis models and its role in giant planet formation
Creators: name: Kessler, Andrin
name: Alibert, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the core accretion scenario of planet formation, rocky cores grow by first accreting solids until they are massive enough to accrete gas. For giant planet formation this means that a massive core must form within the lifetime of the gas disk. The accretion of roughly km-sized planetesimals and the accretion of mm-cm sized pebbles are typically discussed separately as the main solid accretion mechanisms. We investigate the interplay between the two accretion processes in a disk containing both pebbles and planetesimals for planet formation in general and in the context of giant planet formation specifically. The goal is to disentangle and understand the fundamental interactions that arise in such hybrid pebble-planetesimal models. We combine a simple model of pebble formation and accretion with a global model of planet formation which considers the accretion of planetesimals. We compare synthetic populations of planets formed in disks composed of different amounts of pebbles and 600 meter sized planetesimals. On a system-level, we study the formation pathway of giant planets in these disks. We find that, in hybrid disks containing both pebbles and planetesimals, the formation of giant planets is strongly suppressed whereas in a pebbles-only or planetesimals-only scenario, giant planets can form. We identify the heating associated with the accretion of up to 100 km sized planetesimals after the pebble accretion period to delay the runaway gas accretion of massive cores. Coupled with strong inward type-I migration acting on these planets, this results in close-in icy sub-Neptunes originating from the outer disk. We conclude that, in hybrid pebble-planetesimal scenarios, the late accretion of planetesimals is a critical factor in the giant planet formation process and that inward migration is more efficient for planets in increasingly pebble dominated disks.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 14 pages, 11 figures
Occo análisis: Jamaica. Diez años de reformas en las políticas de drogas
Creators: name: Ramírez Calvo, Mauro Felipe
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Durante la última década, Jamaica ha repensado sus estrategias para combatir el uso de drogas ilícitas y la actividad criminal relacionada con ellas. Los avances alcanzados desde entonces ofrecen lecciones importantes para otros países productores y de tránsito de las drogas ilícitas. Sin embargo, hay señales de que los logros significativos de estos años corren peligro de revertirse.
Der kleine Unterschied. Was macht uns zu Mann oder Frau?
Creators: name: Pauen, Sabina
Publisher: name: Ruperto Carola
Year: 2017

description: „Wird es ein Mädchen oder ein Junge?“ Wie immer die Antwort ausfällt – sie hat weitreichende Konsequenzen. Hierzu lande können wir mit beiden Optionen glücklicherweise recht entspannt umgehen, dennoch definieren auch wir unsere Persönlichkeit maßgeblich über das Geschlecht und übernehmen als Mann oder Frau unterschiedliche Rollen in Partnerschaft, Familie und Beruf. Wie entwickelt sich die Geschlechts identität? Welche sozialen und biologischen Faktoren beeinflussen diesen Prozess? Unterscheiden sich Männer und Frauen in ihrem Denken, Fühlen und Handeln? Lassen sich Unterschiede auch auf neuropsychologischer Ebene nachweisen? Viele Fragen – mit oft verblüffenden Antworten.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 10 (2017): Frau & Mann
Importance of exchange-anisotropy and superexchange for the spin-state transitions in LnCoO3 (Ln=La,Y,RE) cobaltates
Creators: name: Zhang, Guoren
name: Gorelov, Evgeny
name: Koch, Erik
name: Pavarini, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-state transitions are the hallmark of rare-earth cobaltates. In order to understand them, it is essential to identify all relevant parameters which shift the energy balance between spin states, and determine their trends. We find that Δ, the eg-t2g crystal-field splitting, increases by ~250 meV when increasing pressure to 8 GPa and by about 150 meV when cooling from 1000K to 5K. It changes, however, by less than 100 meV when La is substituted with another rare earth. Also the Hund's rule coupling J_avg is about the same in systems with very different spin-state transition temperature, like LaCoO3 and EuCoO3. Consequently, in addition to Δand J_avg, the Coulomb-exchange anisotropy ΔJ_ avg and the super-exchange energy-gain ΔE_SE play a crucial role, and are comparable with spin-state dependent relaxation effects due to covalency. We show that in the LnCoO3 series, with Ln=Y or a rare earth (RE), super-exchange progressively stabilizes a low-spin ground state as the Ln^{3+} ionic radius decreases. We give a simple model to describe spin-state transitions and show that, at low temperature, the formation of isolated high-spin/low-spin pairs is favored, while in the high-temperature phase, the most likely homogeneous state is high-spin, rather than intermediate spin. An orbital-selective Mott state could be a fingerprint of such a state.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Europium enrichment and hierarchical formation of the Galactic halo
Creators: name: Cavallo, L.
name: Cescutti, G.
name: Matteucci, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The origin of the large star-to-star variation of the [Eu/Fe] ratios observed in the extremely metal-poor (at [Fe/H]$\leq-3$) stars of the Galactic halo is still a matter of debate.\\ Aims. In this paper, we explore this problem by putting our stochastic chemical evolution model in the hierarchical clustering framework, with the aim of explaining the observed spread in the halo.\\ Methods. We compute the chemical enrichment of Eu occurring in the building blocks that have possibly formed the Galactic halo. In this framework, the enrichment from neutron star mergers can be influenced by the dynamics of the binary systems in the gravitational potential of the original host galaxy. In the least massive systems, the neutron stars can merge outside the host galaxy and so only a small fraction of newly produced Eu can be retained by the parent galaxy itself.\\ Results. In the framework of this new scenario, the accreted merging neutron stars are able to explain the presence of stars with sub-solar [Eu/Fe] ratios at [Fe/H]$\leq-3$, but only if we assume a delay time distribution for merging of the neutron stars $\propto t^{-1.5}$. We confirm the correlation between the dispersion of [Eu/Fe] at a given metallicity and the fraction of massive stars which give origin to neutron star mergers. The mixed scenario, where both neutron star mergers and magneto-rotational supernovae do produce Eu, can explain the observed spread in the Eu abundance also for a delay time distribution for mergers going either as $\propto t^{-1}$ or $\propto t^{-1.5}$.
description: 15 pages, 7 Figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Quantitative description of ion transport via plasma membrane of yeast and small cells
Creators: name: Volkov, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling of ion transport via plasma membrane needs identification and quantitative understanding of the involved processes. Brief characterization of main ion transport systems of a yeast cell (Pma1, Ena1, TOK1, Nha1, Trk1, Trk2, non-selective cation conductance) and determining the exact number of molecules of each transporter per a typical cell allow us to predict the corresponding ion flows. In this review a comparison of ion transport in small yeast cell and several animal cell types is provided. The importance of cell volume to surface ratio is emphasized. The role of cell wall and lipid rafts is discussed in respect to required increase in spatial and temporal resolution of measurements. Conclusions are formulated to describe specific features of ion transport in a yeast cell. Potential directions of future research are outlined based on the assumptions.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Occo análisis: Los cambios recientes en las rutas del tráfico de cocaína
Creators: name: Saldarkhan, Linon
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Las operaciones de interdicción contra el tráfico ilícito de drogas han empujado repetidamente a los traficantes a usar nuevas rutas, abriendo nuevas áreas a los efectos dañinos del tráfico y la producción. Este análisis discutirá las nuevas rutas claves y los impactos.
Kataloge mit globaler Reichweite. Die Sammlung von Galerie-Katalogen zu zeitgenössischer Kunst in der Thomas J. Watson Library, Metropolitan Museum of Art
Creators: name: Lidogoster, Tina
name: Puccio, Andrea
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2017

description: -
description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 22, Nr. 1 (2016): AKMB-news
Intrinsic carrier mobility of multi-layered MoS$_2$ field-effect transistors on SiO$_2$
Creators: name: Pradhan, N. R.
name: Rhodes, D.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Talapatra, S.
name: Terrones, M.
name: Ajayan, P. M.
name: Balicas, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By fabricating and characterizing multi-layered MoS$_2$-based field-effect transistors (FETs) in a four terminal configuration, we demonstrate that the two terminal-configurations tend to underestimate the carrier mobility $μ$ due to the Schottky barriers at the contacts. For a back-gated two-terminal configuration we observe mobilities as high as 125 cm$^2$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ which is considerably smaller than 306.5 cm$^2$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ as extracted from the same device when using a four-terminal configuration. This indicates that the intrinsic mobility of MoS$_2$ on SiO$_2$ is significantly larger than the values previously reported, and provides a quantitative method to evaluate the charge transport through the contacts.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, typos fixed, and references updated
Additional file 1 of Efficient generation of epigenetic disease model mice by epigenome editing using the piggyBac transposon system
Creators: name: Horii, Takuro
name: Morita, Sumiyo
name: Kimura, Mika
name: Hatada, Izuho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Plasmid maps of the all-in-one vectors used in this study. Fig. S2. High TG integration efficiency in 11.5 dpc embryos generated using 1 and 7 ng/μl of hyPBase and PB vector, respectively. Fig. S3. Optimization of hyPBase and PB vector concentrations for generation of TG epigenome-edited mice. Fig. S4. Correlation of embryo DNA methylation with embryo and placental weights. Fig. S5. Correlation between H19-DMR DNA methylation at sites m1–m4 and gene expression. Fig. S6. Representative chromatograms of transgene integration loci. Fig. S7. Correlation between food intake and body weight.
title: Μελέτη τρωτότητας από μακροπρόθεσμη έκθεση σε τοξικές αέριες ουσίες και ανσλυτικότερα για την περίπτωση του διοξειδίου του αζώτου (ΝΟ2)
Creators: name: Κωστίκα Ξανθούλα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2013

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Occo análisis: La producción de metanfetamina en Afganistán
Creators: name: Guzmán Domínguez, Juan David
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Los campos de opio en Afganistán son reconocidos como la mayor fuente de heroína en el mundo, pero en los últimos años ha habido un aumento notable en la producción de metanfetamina. En 2020, el Centro Europeo de Monitoreo para las Drogas y la Drogadicción (EMCDDA, por sus siglas en inglés) señaló que la metanfetamina cristalina tiene el mismo potencial que el opio para convertirse en una gran industria.
Renormalization of Very Special Relativity gauge theories
Creators: name: Alfaro, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mandelstam-Leibbrandt(ML) regularization of Very Special Relativity (VSR) amplitudes in momentum space depends on two fixed null vectors $n_μ,\bar{n}_μ$ besides external momenta. ML is known to preserve gauge invariance and naive power counting. The second null vector $\bar{n}_μ$ destroys the $Sim(2)$ symmetry of the VSR model. We devise a systematic procedure to take the $\bar{n}_μ->0$ limit to recover the lost $Sim(2)$ symmetry. The procedure produces $Sim(2)$ and gauge invariant loop amplitudes. We show how to use this method to remove unphysical terms from the Non Relativistic Potential of Very Special Relativity Quantum Electrodynamics(VSR QED) with a massive photon. Then we compute the one loop renormalization of VSR QED. Finally we derive the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, modified by neutrino and photon mass; and comments on the phenomenological implications.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, latex
title: Διερεύνηση σχέσεων μεταξύ διοίκησης ολικής ποιότητας σχεδιασμού και απόδοσης
Creators: name: Φυτιλής Λουκιανός
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2013

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Fermion Self Energy Correction in Light-Front QED using Coherent State Basis
Creators: name: More, Jai D.
name: Misra, Anuradha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss IR divergences in lepton mass renormalization in Light-Front Quantum Electrodynamics (LFQED) in Feynman gauge. We consider LFQED with Pauli-Villars fields and using old-fashioned time ordered perturbation theory (TOPT), we show that our earlier result regarding cancellation of true IR divergences upto $O(e^4)$ in coherent state basis holds in Feynman gauge also.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1206.3097
Do we have enough evidence to invalidate the mean-field approximation adopted to model collective neutrino oscillations?
Creators: name: Shalgar, Shashank
name: Tamborra, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent body of work points out that the mean-field approximation, widely employed to mimic the neutrino field within a neutrino-dense source, might give different results in terms of flavor evolution with respect to the correspondent many-body treatment. In this paper, we investigate whether such conclusions derived within a constrained framework should hold in an astrophysical context. We show that the plane waves, commonly adopted in the many-body literature to model the neutrino field, provide results that are crucially different with respect to the ones obtained using wavepackets of finite size streaming with a non-zero velocity. The many-body approach intrinsically includes coherent and incoherent scatterings. The mean-field approximation, on the other hand, only takes into account the coherent scattering in the absence of the collision term. Even if incoherent scatterings are included in the mean-field approach, the nature of the collision term is different from that in the many-body approach. Because of this, if only a finite number of neutrinos is considered, as often assumed, the two approaches naturally lead to different flavor outcomes. These differences are further exacerbated by vacuum mixing. We conclude that existing many-body literature, based on closed neutrino systems with a finite number of particles, is neither able to rule out nor assess the validity of the mean-field approach adopted to simulate the evolution of the neutrino field in dense astrophysical sources, which are open systems.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 column revtex format, accepted in PRD
Occo análisis: La respuesta del gobierno mexicano frente a las olas de homicidio
Creators: name: Velandia, Sandra
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Durante los últimos años México ha registrado tasas de homicidios cerca de cinco veces más que el promedio mundial. El gobierno alude este fenómeno a la guerra contra el narcotráfico y ha buscado cambiar su estrategia de seguridad durante las últimas dos décadas sin lograr resultados efectivos a largo plazo.
Fault-tolerant multipath routing scheme for energy efficient wireless sensor networks
Creators: name: Chanak, Prasenjit
name: Samanta, Tuhina
name: Banerjee, Indrajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main challenge in wireless sensor network is to improve the fault tolerance of each node and also provide an energy efficient fast data routing service. In this paper we propose an energy efficient node fault diagnosis and recovery for wireless sensor networks referred as fault tolerant multipath routing scheme for energy efficient wireless sensor network (FTMRS).The FTMRS is based on multipath data routing scheme. One shortest path is use for main data routing in FTMRS technique and other two backup paths are used as alternative path for faulty network and to handle the overloaded traffic on main channel. Shortest path data routing ensures energy efficient data routing. The performance analysis of FTMRS shows better results compared to other popular fault tolerant techniques in wireless sensor networks.
Prime editing of rice OsMST4 gene as a potential broad-spectrum resistance against fungal pathogens
Creators: name: Balahadia, Christian Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background: 

Biotrophic and hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens of rice such as leaf and neck blast (Magnaporthe oryzae), false smut (Ustilaginoidea virens) causes significant yield losses. 
Studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum) Lr67 hexose-proton symporter gene and barley (Hordeum vulgare) ortholog HvSTP13 gene mutation G144R confers broad spectrum resistance against biotrophic fungal pathogens (Milne, 2019). 
OsMST4 gene is the rice ortholog of the Lr67 which upon alignment has the G142 susceptible allele. 
This study aims to precisely edit the glycine at position 142 to arginine of OsMST4 to potentially induce similar broad spectrum resistance against biotrophic rice fungal pathogens. 
Methodology: 

Prime editing, an improvement of the conventional CRISPR gene editing technology, was used to induce the precise G142R editing in OsMST4. It combines Cas9 nickase and reverse transcriptase (RT), and a guideRNAfused with RT template, all together it becomes a search and edit precise gene editing tool (Lin, 2021). 
Enhanced Plant Prime Editor (ePPE) used in this study is the most recent iteration of this technology where the RNAseH activity of RT was removed, a new linker and viral nucleocapsid domain were also added to stabilize the template RNA for reverse transcription. An enhanced prime editing guide RNA (epegRNA) which contains a linker and a terminal sequence that forms a secondary structure to improve epegRNA stability (Zong, 2022). 
Three epegRNAs driven by different rice RNA polymerase 3 promoters to target the OsMST4 G142 locus. 
Results:

72% (61/85) of the T0 plants have the intended guanine to cytosine transversion to achieve the G142R allele. Mutations were verified using Surveyor assay, PACE assay, and Sanger sequencing which proves the homozygosity of the alleles. 
The canonical leaf tip necrosis were observed in all of the homozygous G142R plants. This phenotype was observed in the resistant wheat and barley with G144R mutations. 
Outlook and future plans: 

Homozygous T0 lines will be advanced and screened against leaf and neck blast, false smut, and other rice fungal pathogens to verify if the broad spectrum resistance phenotype of the G142R allele is conserved even in Rice. 
This study is a great example of a new breeding technology application for gene validation and product development. This opens opportunities for faster breeding and trait deployment with minimal linkage drag.