cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimating the effect of anticipated depression treatment-related stigma on depression remission among people with noncommunicable diseases and depressive symptoms in Malawi
Creators: name: Udedi M.
name: Aiello A.E.
name: Keil A.
name: Gaynes B.N.
name: Dussault J.M.
name: Hill S.
name: Pence B.W.
name: Zimba C.
name: Stockton M.
name: Akello H.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Purpose While mental health stigma research is sparse in Malawi, research in other settings suggests that stigma represents a barrier to mental health treatment and recovery. Accordingly, we conducted an analysis to understand the role of treatment-related stigma in depression care in Malawi by estimating the effect of patients baseline anticipated treatment-related stigma on their 3-month probability of depression remission when newly identified with depression. Methods We conducted depression screening and treatment at 10 noncommunicable disease (NCD) clinics across Malawi from April 2019 through December 2021. Eligible cohort participants were 18-65 years with depressive symptoms indicated by a PHQ-9 score ≥5. Questionnaires at the baseline and 3-month interviews included a vignette-based quantitative stigma instrument that measured treatment-related stigma, i.e., concerns about external stigma because of receiving depression treatment. Using inverse probability weighting to adjust for confounding and multiple imputation to account for missing data, this analysis relates participants baseline levels of anticipated treatment stigma to the 3-month probability of achieving depression remission (i.e., PHQ-9 score < 5). Results Of 743 included participants, 273 (37%) achieved depression remission by their 3-month interview. The probability of achieving depression remission at the 3-month interview among participants with high anticipated treatment stigma (0.31; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.23, 0.39)) was 10 percentage points lower than among the low/neutral stigma group (risk: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.45; RD:-0.10; 95% CI:-0.19,-0.003). Conclusion In Malawi, a reduction in anticipated depression treatment-related stigma among NCD patients initiating depression treatment could improve depression outcomes. Further investigation is necessary to understand the modes by which stigma can be successfully reduced to improve mental health outcomes and quality of life among people living with depression.
Two-photon Interference with Non-identical Photons
Creators: name: Liu, Jianbin
name: Zhou, Yu
name: Zheng, Huaibin
name: Chen, Hui
name: Li, Fu-Li
name: Xu, Zhuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The indistinguishability of non-identical photons is dependent on detection system in quantum physics. If two photons with different wavelengths are indistinguishable for a detection system, there can be two-photon interference when these two photons are incident to two input ports of a Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer, respectively. The reason why two-photon interference phenomena are different for classical and nonclassical light is not due to interference, but due to the properties of light and detection system. These conclusions are helpful to understand the physics and applications of two-photon interference.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome
The Structure of Wholesale Produce Markets
Creators: name: Manchester, Alden C.
name: Manchester, Alden C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpt from the report Highlights: Many changes have taken place in the produce marketing system in the past quarter century. Direct buying by chains and other retail organizations has increased markedly. Many wholesalers have gone out of business, but many others have entered the field. Consumer-unit packaging has become an important element in wholesale and retail markets. To understand better the present organization of wholesale produce markets, as well as the changes which have taken place since the 1930's, the Economic Research Service studied 52 wholesale markets of all sizes and types throughout the country.
Additional file 5 of Gene expression in notochord and nuclei pulposi: a study of gene families across the chordate phylum
Creators: name: Raghavan, Rahul
name: Coppola, Ugo
name: Wu, Yushi
name: Ihewulezi, Chibuike
name: Negrón-Piñeiro, Lenny J.
name: Maguire, Julie E.
name: Hong, Justin
name: Cunningham, Matthew
name: Kim, Han Jo
name: Albert, Todd J.
name: Ali, Abdullah M.
name: Saint-Jeannet, Jean-Pierre
name: Ristoratore, Filomena
name: Dahia, Chitra L.
name: Di Gregorio, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Comparative view of the genomic context of vertebrate Tmod2 and Tmod3 genes.
Recruitment strategies and HPV self-collection return rates for under-screened women for cervical cancer prevention
Creators: name: Chirumamilla B.
name: Des Marais A.C.
name: Vaz O.M.
name: Smith J.S.
name: Gaber C.E.
name: Brewer N.T.
name: Pfaff A.
name: Brooks X.
name: Richman A.R.
name: Barclay L.
name: Hendrickson L.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: In the United States, medically underserved women carry a heavier burden of cancer incidence and mortality, yet are largely underrepresented in cancer prevention studies. My Body, My Test is a n observational cohort, multi-phase cervical cancer prevention study in North Carolina that recruited low-income women, aged 30–65 years and who had not undergone Pap testing in ≥ 4 years. Participants were offered home-based self-collection of cervico-vaginal samples for primary HPV testing. Here, we aimed to describe the recruitment strategies utilized by study staff, and the resulting recruitment and self-collection kit return rates for each specific recruitment strategy. Participants were recruited through different approaches: either direct (active, staff-effort intensive) or indirect (passive on the part of study staff). Of a total of 1,475 individuals screened for eligibility, 695 were eligible (47.1%) and 487 (70% of eligible) participants returned their self-collection kit. Small media recruitment resulted in the highest number of individuals found to be study eligible, with a relatively high self-collection kit return of 70%. In-clinic in-reach resulted in a lower number of study-eligible women, yet had the highest kit return rate (90%) among those sent kits. In contrast, 211 recruitment which resulted in the lowest kit return of 54%. Small media, word of mouth, and face-to-face outreach resulted in self-collection kit return rates ranging from 72 to 79%. The recruitment strategies undertaken by study staff support the continued study of reaching under-screened populations into cervical cancer prevention studies.
Intra-articular delivery of AAV vectors encoding PD-L1 attenuates joint inflammation and tissue damage in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Feng S.L.
name: Miao M.Z.
name: Wang F.
name: Wu E.Y.
name: Sun J.
name: Li C.
name: Wallet S.
name: Loeser R.
name: Li W.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common form of autoimmune inflammatory arthritis. Intra-articular gene delivery to block proinflammatory cytokines has been studied in pre-clinical models and human clinical trials. It has been demonstrated that the level of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study examined the therapeutic role of PD-L1 by intra-articular delivery via adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. Methods: Mice were intra-articularly injected with AAV5 vectors encoding human PD-L1 on day 0 and immunized with bovine type II collagen to induce CIA simultaneously. On day 49 post AAV administration, joints were collected for histo-pathological and cytokine analysis. Additionally, the systemic impacts of intra-articular injection of AAV5/PD-L1 vectors were also studied. To study the therapeutic effect of PD-L1, AAV5/PD-L1 vectors were administered into the joints of RA mice on day 21. Results: After administration of AAV5/PD-L1 vectors, strong PD-L1 expression was detected in AAV transduced joints. Joints treated with PD-L1 at the time of arthritis induction exhibited significantly less swelling and improved histopathological scores when compared to untreated joints. Additionally, the infiltration of T cells and macrophages was decreased in joints of CIA mice that received AAV5/PD-L1 vectors (P<0.05). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-17 and TNFα, were lower in AAV5/PD-L1 treated than untreated joints (P<0.05). Furthermore, the administration of AAV5/PD-L1 vectors into the joints of CIA mice did not impact serum cytokine levels and the antibody titers to type II collagen. Biodistribution of AAV vectors after intra-articular injection showed undetectable AAV genomes in other tissues except for a low level in the liver. Similar to the results of AAV5/PD-L1 vector administration on day 0, decreased joint swelling and lower histopathological damage were observed in joints treated with AAV5/PD-L1 vectors on day 21. Conclusion: The results from this study demonstrate that local AAV mediated PD-L1 gene delivery into the joints is able to prevent the development and block the progression of arthritis in CIA mice without impacting systemic immune responses. This study provides a novel strategy to effectively treat inflammatory joint diseases using local AAV gene therapy by interference with immune checkpoint pathways.
SOP: Running a Kaggle Competition
Creators: name: Jain, Yashvardhan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SOP
HuBMAP

description: This document presents a general overview and concrete steps involved in running a code development competition on Google's data science and machine learning platform, Kaggle. This SOP is written for HuBMAP members and others who might be interested in organizing their own competitions on the platform to accelerate development of solutions for their problems by engaging a global community of experts and non-experts in the field of data science and machine learning.
The first- and second-order temporal interference between thermal and laser light
Creators: name: Liu, Jianbin
name: Zheng, Huaibin
name: Chen, Hui
name: Zhou, Yu
name: Li, Fu-li
name: Xu, Zhuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first- and second-order temporal interference between two independent thermal and laser light beams is discussed by employing the superposition principle in Feynman's path integral theory. It is concluded that the first-order temporal interference pattern can not be observed by superposing thermal and laser light, while the second-order temporal interference pattern can be observed in the same condition. These predictions are experimentally verified by employing pseudothermal light to simulate thermal light. The conclusions and method in the paper can be generalized to any order interference of light or massive particles, which is helpful to understand the physics of interference.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Submitted for publication and comments are welcome
Inhibiting efferocytosis reverses macrophage-mediated immunosuppression in the leukemia microenvironment
Creators: name: Cruz Cruz J.
name: Allison K.C.
name: Jenkins A.J.
name: Graham D.K.
name: Page L.S.
name: Lee-Sherick A.B.
name: Frye S.V.
name: Verneris M.R.
name: Wang X.
name: Earp H.S.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Background: Previous studies show that the spleen and bone marrow can serve as leukemia microenvironments in which macrophages play a significant role in immune evasion and chemoresistance. We hypothesized that the macrophage driven tolerogenic process of efferocytosis is a major contributor to the immunosuppressive leukemia microenvironment and that this was driven by aberrant phosphatidylserine expression from cell turnover and cell membrane dysregulation. Methods: Since MerTK is the prototypic efferocytosis receptor, we assessed whether the MerTK inhibitor MRX2843, which is currently in clinical trials, would reverse immune evasion and enhance immune-mediated clearance of leukemia cells. Results: We found that inhibition of MerTK decreased leukemia-associated macrophage expression of M2 markers PD-L1, PD-L2, Tim-3, CD163 and Arginase-1 compared to vehicle-treated controls. Additionally, MerTK inhibition led to M1 macrophage repolarization including elevated CD86 and HLA-DR expression, and increased production of T cell activating cytokines, including IFN-β, IL-18, and IL-1β through activation of NF-κB. Collectively, this macrophage repolarization had downstream effects on T cells within the leukemia microenvironment, including decreased PD-1+Tim-3+ and LAG3+ checkpoint expression, and increased CD69+CD107a+ expression. Discussion: These results demonstrate that MerTK inhibition using MRX2843 altered the leukemia microenvironment from tumor-permissive toward immune responsiveness to leukemia and culminated in improved immune-mediated clearance of AML.
Effect of home-based, overground robotic-assisted gait training on vascular health in people with chronic stroke
Creators: name: Martinelli L.
name: Stone K.
name: Lambrick D.
name: Stoner L.
name: Fryer S.
name: Faulkner J.
name: Paine E.
name: Wright A.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Overground robotic-assisted gait training (O-RAGT) has been shown to improve clinical functional outcomes in people living with stroke. The purpose of this study was to identify whether a home-based O-RAGT program, in combination with usual care physiotherapy, would demonstrate improvements in vascular health in individuals with chronic stroke, and, whether any changes in vascular outcomes would be sustained 3 months after completing the program. Thirty-four participants with chronic stroke (between 3 months and 5 years post-stroke) were randomized to either a 10-week O-RAGT program in combination with usual care physiotherapy, or to a usual care physiotherapy only control group. Participants' (n = 31) pulse wave analysis (PWA), and regional [carotid-femoral pulse wave analysis (cfPWV)] and local (carotid) measures of arterial stiffness were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month post-intervention. Analysis of covariance demonstrated a significant reduction (improvement) in cfPWV between BL and PI for O-RAGT (8.81 ± 2.51 vs. 7.92 ± 2.17 m/s, respectively), whilst the control group remained unchanged (9.87 ± 2.46 vs. 9.84 ± 1.76 m/s, respectively; p < 0.05; ηp2 = 0.14). The improvement in cfPWV was maintained 3 months after completing the O-RAGT program. There were no significant Condition by Time interactions for all PWA and carotid arterial stiffness measures (p > 0.05). A significant increase in physical activity, as determined by the time spent stepping, was observed for O-RAGT between baseline and post-intervention assessments (3.2 ± 3.0–5.2 ± 3.3%, respectively) but not for CON (p < 0.05). The improvement in cfPWV, in combination with an increase in physical activity whilst wearing the O-RAGT and concomitant reduction in sedentary behavior, are important positive findings when considering the application of this technology for “at home” rehabilitation therapy for stroke survivors. Further research is needed to determine whether implementing “at home” O-RAGT programs should be a part of the stroke treatment pathway. Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03104127.
Development of a computerized 2D rating scale for continuous and simultaneous evaluation of two dimensions of a sensory stimulus
Creators: name: Light A.R.
name: Thurston T.S.
name: Hoeppli M.-E.
name: Gracely R.H.
name: Roy M.
name: Schweinhardt P.
name: Amann M.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: One-dimensional rating scales are widely used in research and in the clinic to assess individuals’ perceptions of sensory stimuli. Although these scales provide essential knowledge of stimulus perception, their limitation to one dimension hinders our understanding of complex stimuli. Methods: To allow improved investigation of complex stimuli, a two-dimensional scale based on the one-dimensional Gracely Box Scale was developed and tested in healthy participants on a visual and an auditory task (rating changes in brightness and size of circles and rating changes in frequency and sound pressure of sounds, which was compared to ratings on one-dimensional scales). Before performing these tasks, participants were familiarized with the intensity descriptors of the two-dimensional scale by completing two tasks. First, participants sorted the descriptors based on their judgment of the intensity of the descriptors. Second, participants evaluated the intensity of the descriptors by pressing a button for the duration they considered matching the intensity of the descriptors or squeezing a hand grip dynamometer as strong as they considered matching the intensity of the descriptors. Results: Results from these tasks confirmed the order of the descriptors as displayed on the original rating scale. Results from the visual and auditory tasks showed that participants were able to rate changes in the physical attributes of visual or auditory stimuli on the two-dimensional scale as accurately as on one-dimensional scales. Discussion: These results support the use of a two-dimensional scale to simultaneously report multiple dimensions of complex stimuli.
On analyticity and temporal decay rates of solutions to the viscous resistive Hall-MHD system
Creators: name: Weng, Shangkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 76W05

description: We address the analyticity and large time decay rates for strong solutions of the Hall-MHD equations. By Gevrey estimates, we show that the strong solution with small initial date in $H^r(\mathbb{R}^3)$ with $r>\f 52$ becomes analytic immediately after $t>0$, and the radius of analyticity will grow like $\sqrt{t}$ in time. Upper and lower bounds on the decay of higher order derivatives are also obtained, which extends the previous work by Chae and Schonbek (J. Differential Equations 255 (2013), 3971--3982).
description: 17 pages
Dried fish making as a means of building resilience against fishing related vulnerabilities in small-scale fishing communities of Southern Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Piyasiri, Kaumi
name: Amarasinghe, Oscar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 140219 Welfare Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Small-scale fishing communities are increasingly being affected by various shocks, changes, stressors and uncertainties, raising questions about their ability to cope with them. On another front, fishers are entangled in a poverty trap and escape from it is difficult due to their poor access to diverse livelihood capitals. Fisher populations have been compelled to confront these diversity of shocks and adapt themselves in order to “remain in the game”, which is an arduous task, not easily attainable. Thus, fishers need to develop strategies to effectively cope with shocks and stresses, or in other words, to be resilient. Dried fish making is one of the traditional household activities of fisher women in Sri Lanka. In this context, a review was carried out to identify the capability of “dried fish industry” towards building resilience against diverse vulnerabilities confronted by small-scale fishers. Based on the reviewed literature it could be argued that dried fish would contribute towards building resilience in three ways; i) as a source of supplementary income which tend to smoothen inter-temporal flows of daily fishing incomes. ii) as a cheap source of animal protein in meeting the nutritional needs of vulnerable people, and iii) by playing a major role towards women empowerment and accumulating social capital.
Does Democratic Backsliding Erode Soft Power?
Creators: name: Goldsmith, Benjamin
name: Horiuchi, Yusaku
name: Matush, Kelly
name: Powers, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International Relations
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Does democratic backsliding in the United States affect how citizens in important partner countries view the U.S. and other countries? More specifically, how does information about the problems of American democracy influence the perceived soft power and (relative) international status of (i) the United States, (ii) other western democracies, such as Germany and the United Kingdom, and (iii) geopolitical competitors, such as China and Russia, among the citizens of American partners, such as Australia, Japan, and the Philippines? Although the literature on democratic backsliding in the U.S. is rapidly growing, we have limited understanding of its impacts on global public opinion. This project builds on international relations research about soft power and status to propose theoretical ties between democratic decline and U.S. global influence. We propose a large-scale multi-national survey experiment to evaluate whether--and to what extent--democratic backsliding carries international costs.
Supplement Material for Humphreys et al., 2019
Creators: name: Humphreys, Devon
name: McGuirl, Melissa
name: Miyagi, Michael
name: Blumberg, Andrew
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60411 Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: S1 contains additional results and robustness tests.
High Dispersion Spectroscopy of Solar-type Superflare Stars. II. Stellar Rotation, Starspots, and Chromospheric Activities
Creators: name: Notsu, Yuta
name: Honda, Satoshi
name: Maehara, Hiroyuki
name: Notsu, Shota
name: Shibayama, Takuya
name: Nogami, Daisaku
name: Shibata, Kazunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted high dispersion spectroscopic observations of 50 superflare stars with Subaru/HDS. These 50 stars were selected from the solar-type superflare stars that we had discovered from the Kepler data. More than half (34 stars) of these 50 target superflare stars show no evidence of binarity, and we estimated stellar parameters of these 34 stars in our previous study (Notsu et al. 2015, hereafter called Paper I). According to our previous studies using Kepler data, superflare stars show quasi-periodic brightness variations whose amplitude (0.1-10\%) is much larger than that of the solar brightness variations (0.01-0.1\%) caused by the existence of sunspots on the rotating solar surface. In this study, we investigated whether these quasi-periodic brightness variations of superflare stars are explained by the rotation of a star with fairly large starspots, by using stellar parameters derived in Paper I. First, we confirmed that the value of the projected rotational velocity $v \sin i$ is consistent with the rotational velocity estimated from the period of the brightness variation. Next, we measured the intensity of Ca II infrared triplet lines and H$α$ line, good indicators of the stellar chromospheric activity, and compared them with other stellar properties. The intensity of Ca II infrared triplet lines indicates that the mean magnetic field strength ($\langle fB\rangle$) of the target superflare stars can be higher than that of the Sun. A correlation between the amplitude of the brightness variation and the intensity of Ca II triplet line was found. All the targets expected to have large starspots because of their large amplitude of the brightness variation show high chromospheric activities compared to the Sun. These results support that the brightness variation of superflare stars is due to the rotation with large starspots.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, 1 tables, accepted for publication in PASJ
Editorial: Functional and structural brain network construction, representation and application
Creators: name: Liu M.
name: Wang Z.
name: Li W.
name: Hu S.
name: Chen C.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Structural and functional brain networks have been becoming an increasingly useful tool in understanding the interactions among the separated brain regions, and the pathogenesis of specific neurological disease. In the past decade, there has been an increasing interest in modeling the brain networks based on various mode data (e.g., fMRI, EEG, PET and DTI) and capturing feature representations of brain networks (e.g., connection, graph topology, and graph neural networks) for understanding pathogenesis. Due to the complexity of the brain being far beyond our imagination, revealing the mystery of the brain is still facing many challenges. Thus, there is still debate over the many ways to construct brain networks, how to effectively utilize the multi-modal data, and how to best reveal information about brain health and disorder. The application of network science in the brain has promoted our understanding of structure and functional organization of the brain. Furthermore, studying the brain within this framework effectively reveals how neurological diseases affect brain organization. In this Research Topic, we seek to gather new findings on brain network construction, multimodal fusion, representation of network learning, and making inferences and predictions via brain networks. More specifically, the goal of this Research Topic is to promote the current understanding of the brain connectome via mathematical modeling, develop new and advanced methods to capture the graphical relationship between function and structure, effectively utilize the multi-modal data, and accurately learn the representation of the network in brain disorders, thereby promoting our understanding of the underlying configuration and dynamics of the brain. From this topic, we can easily find that the main works can be summarized into three categories, i.e., utilizing the network as new biomarker, new machine learning model based on the network, new brain network estimation methods as shown in Figure 1.
Interacting dark energy: the role of microscopic feedback in the dark sector
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact on the classical dynamics of dark matter particles and dark energy of a non-minimal coupling in the dark sector, assuming that the mass of the dark matter particles is coupled to a dark energy scalar field. We show that standard results can only be recovered if the space-time variation of the dark energy scalar field is sufficiently smooth on the characteristic length scale of the dark matter particles, and we determine the associated constraint dependent on both the mass and radius of the dark matter particles and the coupling to the dark energy scalar field. We further show, using field theory numerical simulations, that a violation of such constraint results in a microscopic feedback effect strongly affecting the dynamics of dark matter particles, with a potential impact on structure formation and on the space-time evolution of the dark energy equation of state.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. Version 2: minor typos corrected and references added
Economic evaluation of a vision-based patient monitoring and management system in addition to standard care for adults admitted to psychiatric intensive care units in England
Creators: name: Malcolm, Robert
name: Shore, Judith
name: Stainthorpe, Angela
name: Ndebele, Faith
name: Wright, Kay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Treating patients in psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs) is costly for the English National Health Service (NHS), requiring significant staff time. Oxevision, a non-contact system, providing vision-based patient monitoring and management (VBPMM) has been introduced in some NHS mental health trusts which aims to help clinicians to deliver safer and more efficient care. The objective of this early economic evaluation was to explore the impact of introducing VBPMM with standard care, versus standard care alone on health and economic outcomes in PICUs across England. The model uses a cost calculator approach to evaluate the potential benefits of introducing VBPMM, capturing differences in observation hours and critical events such as assaults. Effectiveness data were primarily based on a 24-month observational before and after study undertaken in an NHS mental health trust using VBPMM. Outcomes reported in this study are incremental costs and reduction in clinical events presented as per occupied bed days, per patient, per average ward, and for the English NHS overall. Scenario analysis was conducted to test the uncertainty of results using statistical significance of key inputs. The analysis indicates that introducing VBPMM may be cost saving compared with standard care alone. The biggest driver of estimated cost savings was from the potential reduction in one to one observation hours, which may have significant impact in PICUs. Limitations of the analysis include the single center data underpinning the analysis and assumptions made about transferability of clinical data to different sized wards. Scenario analysis was conducted, and the results were robust to statistically significant changes in input parameters. This study suggests that introducing VBPMM on PICUs has the potential to reduce costs and improve efficiency of resource allocation, but results should be confirmed with additional clinical study evidence.
Data Dictionary Resource for LifeCourse Cohorts
Creators: name: Duncan, Anna
name: O'Connor, Meredith
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorised

description: Developing clear and comprehensive metadata (‘data about data’) is a key feature of best practice cohort data management, allowing the information collected to be understood and analysed appropriately. A data dictionary is one essential component of this documentation, providing the names, definitions and attributes of each data element or variable within a study. An accurate and comprehensive data dictionary is particularly important for long-running LifeCourse cohorts, as it safeguards against loss of information about how and why data were collected over time. While all LifeCourse cohorts have a data dictionary, these currently employ a wide range of formats and vary in their comprehensiveness. The purpose of this document is to provide a resource for cohort custodians and project teams when designing or updating the format of their data dictionary, to promote consistency and best practice across studies in the types of information that are recorded. Data documentation standards continue to evolve, aided by new technologies and programmes to store, structure and access this information. Having cohort metadata in good working order is an essential step towards engaging with and benefiting from these developments in future.
Pachner moves in a 4d Riemannian holomorphic Spin Foam model
Creators: name: Banburski, Andrzej
name: Chen, Lin-Qing
name: Freidel, Laurent
name: Hnybida, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study a Spin Foam model for 4d Riemannian gravity, and propose a new way of imposing the simplicity constraints that uses the recently developed holomorphic representation. Using the power of the holomorphic integration techniques, and with the introduction of two new tools: the homogeneity map and the loop identity, for the first time we give the analytic expressions for the behaviour of the Spin Foam amplitudes under 4-dimensional Pachner moves. It turns out that this behaviour is controlled by an insertion of nonlocal mixing operators. In the case of the 5-1 move, the expression governing the change of the amplitude can be interpreted as a vertex renormalisation equation. We find a natural truncation scheme that allows us to get an invariance up to an overall factor for the 4-2 and 5-1 moves, but not for the 3-3 move. The study of the divergences shows that there is a range of parameter space for which the 4-2 move is finite while the 5-1 move diverges. This opens up the possibility to recover diffeomorphism invariance in the continuum limit of Spin Foam models for 4D Quantum Gravity.
description: 48 pages, 30 figures
Ownership of Rural Land in the Southeast
Creators: name: Strohbehn, Roger W.
name: Strohbehn, Roger W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Recent changes in agricultural production, the introduction of industries into rural areas, and movement of nonfarm families to rural residences have created a need to reexamine the pattern of rural landownership in the Southeast. In the fall of 1960, 2,643 landowners, chosen by a probability area sample in the Southeast, were interviewed. Owners were classified as individuals, corporations, or public agencies. Such items as characteristics of owners, acreages of various kinds of land owned, method of land acquisition, ownership rights, land use, and plans for land transfer were tabulated.
Revisiting Host-Pathogen Interactions in Cystic Fibrosis Lungs in the Era of CFTR Modulators
Creators: name: Ribeiro C.M.P.
name: Borgatti M.
name: Muhlebach M.S.
name: Cabrini G.
name: Lampronti I.
name: Wolfgang M.C.
name: Higgs M.G.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators, a new series of therapeutics that correct and potentiate some classes of mutations of the CFTR, have provided a great therapeutic advantage to people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The main hindrances of the present CFTR modulators are related to their limitations in reducing chronic lung bacterial infection and inflammation, the main causes of pulmonary tissue damage and progressive respiratory insufficiency, particularly in adults with CF. Here, the most debated issues of the pulmonary bacterial infection and inflammatory processes in pwCF are revisited. Special attention is given to the mechanisms favoring the bacterial infection of pwCF, the progressive adaptation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its interplay with Staphylococcus aureus, the cross-talk among bacteria, the bronchial epithelial cells and the phagocytes of the host immune defenses. The most recent findings of the effect of CFTR modulators on bacterial infection and the inflammatory process are also presented to provide critical hints towards the identification of relevant therapeutic targets to overcome the respiratory pathology of pwCF.
Rising Depreciation of Assets in Agricultural Marketing Firms: Some Causes and Implications
Creators: name: Hiemstra, Stephen J.
name: Hiemstra, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Depreciation of assets -- one of the costs of doing business -- rose steadily during 1949-59 and likely will continue to rise. Corporate agricultural marketing firms -- those handling food and kindred products and textile-mill products, food retailers, beverage manufacturers, and tobacco manufacturers -- more than doubled their dollar charges for depreciating assets in the 10 years. Increases were typical of all corporations in the U. S. economy. Since World War II, dollars of depreciation have increased more rapidly than gains in total receipts but profits after taxes have declined. The total of the two (depreciation and after-tax profits) -- sometimes called total cash flow – declined in the late 1940’s and reached a low in the early 1950's. Since then total cash flow has increased for the agricultural industries.
GLOBALIZATION - EARLY PHENOMENON MODERN AGE
Creators: name: Elezovic, Dalibor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: history, the early modern era, globalization, world, global economy

description: Recently, among the historians of the early modern period, a substantial attention is given for the term globalization, moreover the history of globalization and its development as a phenomenon. According to researchers of the early modern era (as well as researchers in other social science disciplines) the beginnings of globalization, in the form in which it is perceived nowadays by contemporary man, are connected to the early modern era. The beginnings of globalization reach even up to the late Middle Ages, when the process of European expansion started, whose cycle is completed for the first time in the 16th century. If we accept that globalization in some form existed even earlier, we must accept that in the 16th century it took the full form in the economic sense, through the formation of an intercontinental trade network. European maritime nations, mainly Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, English and French to a lesser extent, sailed from the 16th century onwards, regularly on the world's seas thus connecting continents. Such trips and encounters with foreign cultures had direct spiritual and material consequences for Europe in the early modern period. In the early modern era the Christian missionary work (both the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches), was characterized as a contribution to global business, which has contributed to the economic and administrative terms. Past interpretations of this question in the historiography shows that globalization is one of the most important features of the early modern period. If we accept that globalization existed in some form in the past, we must accept that in the 16th century it took the full form in economic terms, through the formation of an intercontinental trade network. The study of globalization from the early modern era to the centuries that followed imposed itself as one of the challenges of today's historiography, which requires a more comprehensive approach to this matter.
Interfacial Ionic Liquids: Connecting Static and Dynamic Structures
Creators: name: Uysal, Ahmet
name: Zhou, Hua
name: Feng, Guang
name: Lee, Sang Soo
name: Li, Song
name: Cummings, Peter T.
name: Fulvio, Pasquale F.
name: Dai, Sheng
name: McDonough, John K.
name: Gogotsi, Yury
name: Fenter, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) often adopt a charge-separated layered structure, i.e., with alternating cation- and anion-rich layers, at electrified interfaces. However, the dynamic response of the layered structure to temporal variations in applied potential is not well understood. We used in situ, real-time X-ray reflectivity (XR) to study the potential-dependent electric double layer (EDL) structure of an imidazolium-based RTIL on charged epitaxial graphene during potential cycling as a function of temperature. The results suggest that the graphene-RTIL interfacial structure is bistable in which the EDL structure at any intermediate potential can be described by the combination of two extreme-potential structures whose proportions vary depending on the polarity and magnitude of the applied potential. This picture is supported by the EDL structures obtained by fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at various static potentials. The potential-driven transition between the two structures is characterized by an increasing width but with an approximately fixed hysteresis magnitude as a function of temperature. The results are consistent with the coexistence of distinct anion and cation adsorbed structures separated by an energy barrier (~0.15 eV).
D4.6 Visualizing and Dashboarding Construction Activities Based on Digital Twin Data
Creators: name: Khan, Rehan
name: Duffy, Kevin
name: Jungmann, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: 4D-based visualization
Digital Twin
data visualization

description: ASHVIN project’s work package WP4 “Control and real-time simulation of construction”, develops applications for better managing and controlling construction site activities using digital twin data. The final objective of this work package is to develop accurate data and 4D-based visualizations, including a dashboard to allow site managers to understand, control, and manage construction sites under consideration of actual digital-twin-based data. Deliverable 4.6, entitled “Visualizing and dashboarding construction activities based on digital twin data,” was drafted by Rehan Khan from DTT, a technical partner in the project, and this report is related to task 4.6, “Site control dashboard and Visualization”. 
Intrinsic strand-incision activity of human UNG
Creators: name: Alexeeva, Marina
name: Marivi Nabong Moen
name: Rasmussen, Anette
name: Leiros, Ingar
name: Kirpekar, Finn
name: Klungland, Arne
name: Alsøe, Lene
name: Nilsen, Hilde Loge
name: Bjelland, Svein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional Data for Intrinsic strand-incision activity of human UNG predicts nick generation in immunoglobulin gene diversification
SRGP-1/srGAP and AFD-1/afadin stabilize HMP-1/⍺-catenin at rosettes to seal internalization sites following gastrulation in C. elegans
Creators: name: Serre J.M.
name: Slabodnick M.M.
name: Hardin J.
name: Goldstein B.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: A hallmark of gastrulation is the establishment of germ layers by internalization of cells initially on the exterior. In C. elegans the end of gastrulation is marked by the closure of the ventral cleft, a structure formed as cells internalize during gastrulation, and the subsequent rearrangement of adjacent neuroblasts that remain on the surface. We found that a nonsense allele of srgp-1/srGAP leads to 10-15% cleft closure failure. Deletion of the SRGP-1/srGAP C-terminal domain led to a comparable rate of cleft closure failure, whereas deletion of the N-terminal F-BAR region resulted in milder defects. Loss of the SRGP-1/srGAP C-terminus or F-BAR domain results in defects in rosette formation and defective clustering of HMP-1/⍺-catenin in surface cells during cleft closure. A mutant form of HMP-1/⍺-catenin with an open M domain can suppress cleft closure defects in srgp-1 mutant backgrounds, suggesting that this mutation acts as a gain-of-function allele. Since SRGP-1 binding to HMP-1/⍺-catenin is not favored in this case, we sought another HMP-1 interactor that might be recruited when HMP-1/⍺-catenin is constitutively open. A good candidate is AFD-1/afadin, which genetically interacts with cadherin-based adhesion later during embryonic elongation. AFD-1/afadin is prominently expressed at the vertex of neuroblast rosettes in wildtype, and depletion of AFD-1/afadin increases cleft closure defects in srgp-1/srGAP and hmp-1R551/554A/⍺-catenin backgrounds. We propose that SRGP-1/srGAP promotes nascent junction formation in rosettes; as junctions mature and sustain higher levels of tension, the M domain of HMP-1/⍺-catenin opens, allowing maturing junctions to transition from recruitment of SRGP-1/srGAP to AFD-1/afadin. Our work identifies new roles for ⍺-catenin interactors during a process crucial to metazoan development.
Dissent on women employment in Small-scale Fishing Communities: A case study at Gandara of Southern Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Piyasiri, Kaumi
name: Amarasinghe, Oscar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 140211 Labour Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In the process of socialization, gender roles in fishing communities make men the bread winners while women are destined to take care of household responsibilities, raising children and care giving. The opportunities for women in Small-scale fishing communities are not equal when it comes to employment. In a context of little attention being paid to this fact, the present study was undertaken at Gandara, in Southern Sri Lanka, aiming at identifying the impediments that women encounter in taking up employment. The methodology involved a Focus Group Discussion followed by a questionnaire survey with a sample of 120 respondents. It was revealed that the women’s opportunities for engaging in employment are constrained by self-inflicted barriers, with priority being given to bearing household responsibilities, raising children and care giving. Both parties accepted that there is a certain degree of discrimination against women by not allowing them to engage in employment if the women wish to do so. In resolving this issue, the fisher families proposed to encourage women to take up self-employment activities that could be carried out at home. Such an approach would minimize the possibility of any negligence of household responsibilities, while making them more financially independent.
Observation of the critical end point in the phase diagram for hot and dense nuclear matter
Creators: name: Lacey, Roy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitation functions for the Gaussian emission source radii difference ($R^2_{\text{out}} - R^2_{\text{side}}$) obtained from two-pion interferometry measurements in Au+Au ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 7.7 - 200$ GeV) and Pb+Pb ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}= 2.76$ TeV) collisions, are studied for a broad range of collision centralities. The observed non-monotonic excitation functions validate the finite-size scaling patterns expected for the deconfinement phase transition and the critical end point (CEP), in the temperature vs. baryon chemical potential ($T,μ_B$) plane of the nuclear matter phase diagram. A Finite-Size Scaling (FSS) analysis of these data indicate a second order phase transition with the estimates $T^{\text{cep}} \sim 165$~MeV and $μ_B^{\text{cep}} \sim 95$~MeV for the location of the critical end point. The critical exponents ($ν\sim 0.66$ and $γ\sim 1.2$) extracted via the same FSS analysis, places the CEP in the 3D Ising model universality class.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted for publication