cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards Understanding and Characterizing the Arbitrage Bot Scam In the Wild
Creators: name: Li, Kai
name: Guan, Shixuan
name: Lee, Darren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the first comprehensive analysis of an emerging cryptocurrency scam named "arbitrage bot" disseminated on online social networks. The scam revolves around Decentralized Exchanges (DEX) arbitrage and aims to lure victims into executing a so-called "bot contract" to steal funds from them. To collect the scam at a large scale, we developed a fully automated scam detection system named CryptoScamHunter, which continuously collects YouTube videos and automatically detects scams. Meanwhile, CryptoScamHunter can download the source code of the bot contract from the provided links and extract the associated scam cryptocurrency address. Through deploying CryptoScamHunter from Jun. 2022 to Jun. 2023, we have detected 10,442 arbitrage bot scam videos published from thousands of YouTube accounts. Our analysis reveals that different strategies have been utilized in spreading the scam, including crafting popular accounts, registering spam accounts, and using obfuscation tricks to hide the real scam address in the bot contracts. Moreover, from the scam videos we have collected over 800 malicious bot contracts with source code and extracted 354 scam addresses. By further expanding the scam addresses with a similar contract matching technique, we have obtained a total of 1,697 scam addresses. Through tracing the transactions of all scam addresses on the Ethereum mainnet and Binance Smart Chain, we reveal that over 25,000 victims have fallen prey to this scam, resulting in a financial loss of up to 15 million USD. Overall, our work sheds light on the dissemination tactics and censorship evasion strategies adopted in the arbitrage bot scam, as well as on the scale and impact of such a scam on online social networks and blockchain platforms, emphasizing the urgent need for effective detection and prevention mechanisms against such fraudulent activity.
description: Accepted by ACM SIGMETRICS 2024
Pre-Data Analysis Registration for Minimal Groups Procedures and Outcomes
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kathleen
name: Drake, Rebecca Grace
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This pre-registration includes an updated analysis plan and data cleaning and analysis scripts for our project, Minimal Group Procedures and Outcomes.
Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Outcomes of Embracing Your Life: An Online Self-Compassion Program for Emerging Adults
Creators: name: Lathren, Christine
name: Knox, Marissa
name: Bluth, Karen
name: Press, Amanda
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: Due to the psychological toll COVID-19 has had on emerging adults, as well as normative mental health challenges of this developmental period, emerging adults are struggling more than ever with depression and loneliness. The objective of this study was to assess feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary psychosocial outcomes of Embracing Your Life, a self-compassion program for emerging adults, as self-compassion is associated with better mental health. Thirty-nine emerging adults (Mage = 23.7, 67% female) enrolled in a 6-session online program from July 2020 to January 2022 participated in this study. Results indicated the program was feasible; 81% of participants attended at least five out of six sessions. Qualitative feedback indicated high acceptability, with recommended changes to make the program more interactive. Participants reported significant improvements in self-compassion, resilience, loneliness, depression, stress, and emotion regulation. Conclusions are that Embracing Your Life is a promising, accessible intervention to address the mental health of emerging adults.
Defining recovery from an eating disorder: Conceptualization, validation, and examination of psychosocial functioning and psychiatric comorbidity
Creators: name: Harney, Megan B.
name: Maldonado, Christine R.
name: Lawson, Melissa A.
name: Smith, Roma
name: Bardone-Cone, Anna M.
name: Tosh, Aneesh
name: Robinson, D. Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Conceptually, eating disorder recovery should include physical, behavioral, and psychological components, but such a comprehensive approach has not been consistently employed. Guided by theory and recent recovery research, we identified a “fully recovered” group (n=20) based on physical (body mass index), behavioral (absence of eating disorder behaviors), and psychological (Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire) indices, and compared them with groups of partially recovered (n=15), active eating disorder (n=53), and healthy controls (n=67). The fully recovered group was indistinguishable from controls on all eating disorder-related measures used, while the partially recovered group was less disordered than the active eating disorder group on some measures, but not on body image. Regarding psychosocial functioning, both the fully and partially recovered groups had psychosocial functioning similar to the controls, but there was a pattern of more of the partially recovered group reporting eating disorder aspects interfering with functioning. Regarding other psychopathology, the fully recovered group was no more likely than the controls to experience current Axis I pathology, but they did have elevated rates of current anxiety disorder. Results suggest that a stringent definition of recovery from an eating disorder is meaningful. Clinical implications and future directions regarding defining eating disorder recovery are discussed.
(Op)lax natural transformations, twisted quantum field theories, and "even higher" Morita categories
Creators: name: Johnson-Freyd, Theo
name: Scheimbauer, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by the challenge of defining twisted quantum field theories in the context of higher categories, we develop a general framework for lax and oplax transformations and their higher analogs between strong $(\infty, n)$-functors. We construct a double $(\infty,n)$-category built out of the target $(\infty, n)$-category governing the desired diagrammatics. We define (op)lax transformations as functors into parts thereof, and an (op)lax twisted field theory to be a symmetric monoidal (op)lax natural transformation between field theories. We verify that lax trivially-twisted relative field theories are the same as absolute field theories. As a second application, we extend the higher Morita category of $E_d$-algebras in a symmetric monoidal $(\infty, n)$-category $\mathcal{C}$ to an $(\infty, n+d)$-category using the higher morphisms in $\mathcal{C}$.
description: 58 pages. Many TikZ diagrams. Introduction has been rewritten. Most of Section 7 is new
Overview of the EUSO-SPB2 Target of Opportunity program using the Cherenkov Telescope
Creators: name: Heibges, Tobias
name: Posligua, Jonatan
name: Wistrand, Hannah
name: Guépin, Claire
name: Reno, Mary Hall
name: Venters, Tonia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) mission, we planned Target of Opportunity (ToO) operations to follow up on possible sources of $\gtrsim 10 \, {\rm PeV}$ neutrinos. The original plan before flight was to point the onboard Cherenkov Telescope (CT) to catch the source's path on the sky just below Earth's horizon. By using the Earth as a tau-neutrino to tau-lepton converter, the CT would then be able to look for optical extensive air shower signals induced by tau-lepton decays in the atmosphere. The CT had a field of view of $6.4^\circ$ vertical $\times$ $12.8^\circ$ horizontal. Possible neutrino source candidates include gamma ray bursts, tidal disruption events and other bursting or flaring sources. In addition, follow-ups of binary neutron star mergers would have been possible after the start of the O4 observation run from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA. The resulting exposure is modeled using the NuSpaceSim framework in ToO mode. With the launch of the EUSO-SPB2 payload on the 13th May 2023, this summarizes the ToO program status and preliminary data, as available.
How to test the gauge-invariant non-local quantum dynamics of the Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Kaufherr, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge invariant non local quantum dynamics of the Aharonov-Bohm effect can be tested experimentally by measuring the instantaneous shift of the velocity distribution occurring when the particle passes by the flux line. It is shown that in relativistic quantum theory it is possible to measure the instantaneous velocity with accuracy sufficient to detect the change of the velocity distribution. In non relativistic quantum theory the instantaneous velocity can be measured to any desired accuracy.
Remarks towards the spectrum of the Heisenberg spin chain type models
Creators: name: Burdik, C.
name: Fuksa, J.
name: Isaev, A. P.
name: Krivonos, S. O.
name: Navratil, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrable close and open chain models can be formulated in terms of generators of the Hecke algebras. In this review paper, we describe in detail the Bethe ansatz for the XXX and the XXZ integrable close chain models. We find the Bethe vectors for two--component and inhomogeneous models. We also find the Bethe vectors for the fermionic realization of the integrable XXX and XXZ close chain models by means of the algebraic and coordinate Bethe ansatz. Special modification of the XXZ closed spin chain model ("small polaron model") is consedered. Finally, we discuss some questions relating to the general open Hecke chain models.
description: 50 pages, small corrections in the Section 12
Tomographic-spectral approach for dark matter detection in the cross-correlation between cosmic shear and diffuse gamma-ray emission
Creators: name: Camera, Stefano
name: Fornasa, Mattia
name: Fornengo, Nicolao
name: Regis, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently proposed to cross-correlate the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background with the gravitational lensing signal of cosmic shear. This represents a novel and promising strategy to search for annihilating or decaying particle dark matter (DM) candidates. In the present work, we demonstrate the potential of a tomographic-spectral approach: measuring the cross-correlation in separate bins of redshift and energy significantly improves the sensitivity to a DM signal. Indeed, the technique proposed here takes advantage of the different scaling of the astrophysical and DM components with redshift and, simultaneously, of their different energy spectra and different angular extensions. The sensitivity to a particle DM signal is extremely promising even when the DM-induced emission is quite faint. We first quantify the prospects of detecting DM by cross-correlating the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) diffuse gamma-ray background with the cosmic shear expected from the Dark Energy Survey. Under the hypothesis of a significant subhalo boost, such a measurement can deliver a 5-sigma detection of DM, if the DM particle is lighter than 300 GeV and has a thermal annihilation rate. We then forecast the capability of the European Space Agency Euclid satellite (whose launch is planned for 2020), in combination with an hypothetical future gamma-ray detector with slightly improved specifications compared to current telescopes. We predict that the cross-correlation of their data will allow a measurement of the DM mass with an uncertainty of a factor of 1.5-2, even for moderate subhalo boosts, for DM masses up to few hundreds of GeV and thermal annihilation rates.
description: 48 pages, 19 figures, 4 tables; version published on JCAP
Intraclass Correlations Values in International Development: Evidence Across Commonly Studied Domains in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Seidenfeld, David
name: Morey, Mitchell
name: de Hoop, Thomas
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: The sharp increase in the number of experimental studies evaluating development programs raises the need for accurate intraclass correlations (ICC) to conduct power calculations so that researchers can design studies to detect meaningful effects with sufficient statistical power. The intraclass correlation is an important parameter for determining the statistical power of cluster-randomized trials. The parameter is rarely available to researchers planning a study until after the design is set and data are already collected. This paper takes an important step towards helping researchers working in sub-Saharan Africa to accurately estimate appropriate sample sizes for their clustered RCTs. The study draws from rich data sets in Kenya, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. We present ICCs for a wide range of domains common for development research. Our results suggest that ICCs for commonly studied indicators in sub-Saharan Africa are lower than is often assumed in power calculations. ICC values are especially low for indicators associated with child nutrition and food security, suggesting that cluster-RCTs might be a viable design even when faced with limited budgets because sample size requirements are not much different from an individual random assignment design.
The longitudinal effects of stress and fear on psychiatric symptoms in mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Guintivano, J.
name: Meltzer-Brody, S.
name: Krohn, H.
name: Sullivan, P.F.
name: Bauer, A.E.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has been particularly difficult for mothers. Women with a history of peripartum depression (PPD) may be vulnerable to relapse. We sought to understand changes in depressive and anxious symptoms throughout the pandemic and which stressors increased symptoms in women with a history of PPD. In June 2020, all US participants with a history of PPD (n = 12,007) in the global MomGenes Fight PPD study were invited to the COVID-19 follow-up study. Respondents (n = 2163, 18%) were sent biweekly and then monthly surveys until January 31, 2022. We employed time-varying effects models to evaluate trajectories of depressive (patient health questionnaire, PHQ-9) and anxious (generalized anxiety disorder, GAD-7) symptoms and to estimate longitudinal associations between perceived stress, fears, COVID-19 case rates, and symptoms. Peaks of PHQ-9, GAD-7, PSS, and perceived COVID-19 risk scores corresponded with timing of national COVID-19 case surges. High perceived stress was the strongest predictor of PHQ-9 (beta = 7.27; P = 1.48e − 38) and GAD-7 (beta = 7.73; P = 6.19e − 70). Feeling lack of control and unlikely to survive increased PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores by 2 points. COVID-19 case rates, pandemic restrictions, and region were not independently associated with symptoms. This study suggests that the collective trauma of the pandemic has significantly affected mothers with a history of PPD, exemplified by high levels of perceived stress and the strong association with depressive and anxious symptoms. The next pandemic phase is uncertain, but will continue to influence mental health collectively and dynamically. Interventions must be flexible and responsive and should address fear, trauma, and feelings of control, particularly for mothers with a history of PPD.
Habitual starvation and provocative behaviors: Two potential routes to extreme suicidal behavior in anorexia nervosa
Creators: name: Treasure, Janet
name: Brandt, Harry A.
name: Woodside, D. Blake
name: Fichter, Manfred M.
name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Thornton, Laura
name: Kaye, Walter H.
name: Olmsted, Marion P.
name: McFarlane, Traci L.
name: Smith, April R.
name: Joiner, Thomas E.
name: Kaplan, Allan S.
name: Crawford, Steve
name: Strober, Michael
name: Berrettini, Wade H.
name: Selby, Edward A.
name: Johnson, Craig L.
name: Jones, Ian
name: Nutzinger, Detlev O.
name: Jacoby, Georg E.
name: Halmi, Katherine A.
name: Mitchell, James E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is perhaps the most lethal mental disorder, in part due to starvation-related health problems, but especially because of high suicide rates. One potential reason for high suicide rates in AN may be that those affected face pain and provocation on many fronts, which may in turn reduce their fear of pain and thereby increase risk for death by suicide. The purpose of the following studies was to explore whether repetitive exposure to painful and destructive behaviors such as vomiting, laxative use, and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) was a mechanism that linked AN-binge-purging (ANBP) subtype, as opposed to AN-restricting subtype (ANR), to extreme suicidal behavior. Study 1 utilized a sample of 787 individuals diagnosed with one or the other subtype of AN, and structural equation modeling results supported provocative behaviors as a mechanism linking ANBP to suicidal behavior. A second, unexpected mechanism emerged linking ANR to suicidal behavior via restricting. Study 2, which used a sample of 249 AN patients, replicated these findings, including the second mechanism linking ANR to suicide attempts. Two potential routes to suicidal behavior in AN appear to have been identified: one route through repetitive experience with provocative behaviors for ANBP, and a second for exposure to pain through the starvation of restricting in ANR.
Finite-horizon optimal multiple switching with signed switching costs
Creators: name: Martyr, Randall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93E20, 60G40, 91B99, 62P20

description: This paper is concerned with optimal switching over multiple modes in continuous time and on a finite horizon. The performance index includes a running reward, terminal reward and switching costs that can belong to a large class of stochastic processes. Particularly, the switching costs are modelled by right-continuous with left-limits processes that are quasi-left-continuous and can take both positive and negative values. We provide sufficient conditions leading to a well known probabilistic representation of the value function for the switching problem in terms of interconnected Snell envelopes. We also prove the existence of an optimal strategy within a suitable class of admissible controls, defined iteratively in terms of the Snell envelope processes.
description: 22 pages
Subjective experience of sensation in anorexia nervosa
Creators: name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Zucker, Nancy L.
name: Merwin, Rhonda M.
name: Wildes, Jennifer E.
name: Groh, Jennifer
name: Moskovich, Ashley
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The nature of disturbance in body experience in anorexia nervosa (AN) remains poorly operationalized despite its prognostic significance. We examined the relationship of subjective reports of sensitivity to and behavioral avoidance of sensory experience (e.g., to touch, motion) to body image disturbance and temperament in adult women currently diagnosed with AN (n=20), women with a prior history of AN who were weight restored (n=15), and healthy controls with no eating disorder history (n=24). Levels of sensitivity to sensation and attempts to avoid sensory experience were significantly higher in both clinical groups relative to healthy controls. Sensory sensitivity was associated with body image disturbance (r(56) = .51, p < .0001), indicating that body image disturbance increased with increased global sensitivity to sensation. Sensory sensitivity was also negatively and significantly correlated with lowest BMI (r2 = −.32, p < .001), but not current BMI (r2 = .03, p = .18), and to the temperament feature of harm avoidance in both clinical groups. We discuss how intervention strategies that address sensitization and habituation to somatic experience via conditioning exercises may provide a new manner in which to address body image disturbance in AN.
A Bott type residue formula on complex orbifolds
Creators: name: Corrêa, Maurício
name: Rodríguez, A. M.
name: Soares, Marcio G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove residual formulas for vector fields defined on compact complex orbifolds with isolated singularities and give some applications of these on weighted projective spaces.
description: To appear in International Mathematics Research Notices. To J. Seade on the occasion of his 60th birthday
Early treatment to prevent progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Creators: name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: As of May, 2022, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused
521 million COVID-19 cases and at least 6 million deaths,
worldwide.1 Although the COVID-19 pandemic has led
to breathtaking vaccine developments, early treatments
to prevent progression of COVID-19, especially in those
who are most vulnerable, are urgently needed. But to
deploy such treatment will take a substantial change in
the perception and management of upper respiratory
infections, including COVID-19.
Animal models of restricted repetitive behavior in autism
Creators: name: TANIMURA, Y
name: LEWIS, M
name: BODFISH, J
name: LEE, L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Restricted, repetitive behavior, along with deficits in social reciprocity and communication, is diagnostic of autism. Animal models relevant to this domain generally fall into three classes: repetitive behavior associated with targeted insults to the CNS; repetitive behavior induced by pharmacological agents; and repetitive behavior associated with restricted environments and experience. The extant literature provides potential models of the repetitive behavioral phenotype in autism rather than attempts to model the etiology or pathophysiology of restricted, repetitive behavior, as these are poorly understood. This review focuses on our work with deer mice which exhibit repetitive behaviors associated with environmental restriction. Repetitive behaviors are the most common category of abnormal behavior observed in confined animals and larger, more complex environments substantially reduce the development and expression of such behavior. Studies with this model, including environmental enrichment effects, suggest alterations in cortical-basal ganglia circuitry in the development and expression of repetitive behavior. Considerably more work needs to be done in this area, particularly in modeling the development of aberrant repetitive behavior. As mutant mouse models continue to proliferate, there should be a number of promising genetic models to pursue.
Moral judgments about chimeras - Cell Source by Cell Amount
Creators: name: Qinyu Xiao
name: Faber, Nadira
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study aims to explore people’s perceptions of and moral intuitions about human-animal chimeras (i.e., organisms made up of cells of different embryonic origins). It specifically investigates how (1) the “target species” (human vs. monkey) and 2) the proportion of foreign-species cells (low vs. medium vs. high) impact people’s judgments pertaining to the moral standing of the resulting chimeric being.
Hyperkahler implosion and Nahm's equations
Creators: name: Dancer, Andrew
name: Kirwan, Frances
name: Roeser, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C26, 58D27, 81T13

description: We use Nahm data to give a description of a candidate for the universal hyperkahler implosion with respect to a compact Lie group
description: Version to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
Mouse behavioral tasks relevant to autism: Phenotypes of 10 inbred strains
Creators: name: PEREZ, A
name: MOY, S
name: WILSON, L
name: BARBARO, J
name: NADLER, J
name: BARBARO, R
name: HOLLOWAY, L
name: YOUNG, N
name: THREADGILL, D
name: LAUDER, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Three defining clinical symptoms of autism are aberrant reciprocal social interactions, deficits in social communication, and repetitive behaviors, including motor stereotypies and insistence on sameness. We developed a set of behavioral tasks designed to model components of these core symptoms in mice. Male mice from ten inbred strains were characterized in assays for sociability, preference for social novelty, and reversal of the spatial location of the reinforcer in T-maze and Morris water maze tasks. Six strains, C57BL/6J, C57L/J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, C3H/HeJ, and AKR/J, showed significant levels of sociability, while A/J, BALB/cByJ, BTBR T+tf/J, and 129S1/SvImJ mice did not. C57BL/6J, C57L/J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, BALB/cByJ, and BTBR T+tf/J showed significant preference for social novelty, while C3H/HeJ, AKR/J, A/J, and 129S1/SvImJ did not. Normal scores on relevant control measures confirmed general health and physical abilities in all strains, ruling out artifactual explanations for social deficits. Elevated plus maze scores confirmed high anxiety-like behaviors in A/J, BALB/cByJ, and 129S1/SvImJ, which could underlie components of their low social approach. Strains that showed high levels of performance on acquisition of a T-maze task were also able to reach criterion for reversal learning. On the Morris water maze task, DBA/2J, AKR/J, BTBR T+tf/J, and 129S1/SvImJ failed to show significant quadrant preference during the reversal probe trial. These results highlight a dissociation between social task performance and reversal learning. BTBR T+tf/J is a particularly interesting strain, displaying both low social approach and resistance to change in routine on the water maze, consistent with an autism-like phenotype. Our multitask strategy for modeling symptoms of autism will be useful for investigating targeted and random gene mutations, QTLs, and microarray analyses.
Increasing access to the profession: Admissions lessons learned from the pandemic
Creators: name: Ives, T.J.
name: Cox, W.C.
name: McLaughlin, J.E.
name: Hammill, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: The disruptions induced by the COVID-19 pandemic have forced quick and significant changes to recruitment and admissions practices in colleges of pharmacy. This process has helped to identify barriers and challenges for prospective students. At the University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, some changes were already under consideration prior to the pandemic, such as moving to test-optional admissions and allowing remote interviews, while new considerations included offering the entire recruitment and admissions process remotely. Methods: In 2020–2021, the decision was made to move to test-optional admissions. A separate decision was made to conduct interviews remotely. Data from the admission cycle were collected from the Pharmacy College Application Service as part of the standard admissions process and exported for analysis. Descriptive statistics (mean ± SD) were used. Results: Completed applications increased by 59.1% in 2020–2021 from the previous year. Applications increased by 9.8% from underrepresented students, by 6.2% from those with a bachelor's degree, and by 8.4% by out of state students. Other admissions metrics, such as the mean grade point average (3.50) and mean Pharmacy College Admissions Test composite percentile (88%), did not change. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic experience validated our perspective that we must continue to embrace change and seize opportunities to reduce barriers for prospective students to improve access to the profession. The changes that this pandemic has necessitated may help to close the gaps in accessing health professions education. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.
Plebański-Demiański solution of general relativity and its expressions quadratic and cubic in curvature: analogies to electromagnetism
Creators: name: Boos, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analogies between gravitation and electromagnetism have been known since the 1950s. Here, we examine a fairly general type D solution---the exact seven parameter solution of Plebański--Demiański (PD)---to demonstrate these analogies for a physically meaningful spacetime: The two quadratic curvature invariants $\bf{B}^2-\bf{E}^2$ and $\bf{E}\cdot\bf{B}$ are evaluated analytically. In the asymptotically flat case, the leading terms of $\bf{E}$ and $\bf{B}$ can be interpreted as gravitoelectric mass and gravitoelectric current of the PD solution, respectively, if there are no gravitomagnetic monopoles present. Furthermore, the square of the Bel--Robinson tensor reads $(\mathbf{B}^2+\mathbf{E}^2)^2$ for the PD solution, reminiscent of the square of the energy density in electrodynamics. By analogy to the energy-momentum 3-form of the electromagnetic field, we provide an alternative way to derive the recently introduced Bel--Robinson 3-form, from which the Bel--Robinson tensor can be calculated. We also determine the Kummer tensor, a tensor cubic in curvature, for a general type D solution for the first time, and calculate the pieces of its irreducible decomposition. The calculations are carried out in two coordinate systems: in the original polynomial PD coordinates, and in a modified Boyer--Lindquist-like version introduced by Griffiths and Podolský (GP) allowing for a more straightforward physical interpretation of the free parameters.
description: 52 pages, 11 listings of computer algebra code; typos removed, and journal reference added
Rotating Black Hole in Kalb-Ramond Gravity: Constraining Parameters by Comparison with EHT Observations of Sgr A* and M87*
Creators: name: Zubair, M.
name: Raza, Muhammad Ali
name: Maqsood, Eiman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article deals with the study of some properties of the static and rotating black holes in Kalb-Ramond gravity in four dimensional spacetime. First, we discuss the action of the corresponding theory and the static black hole metric. Then we investigate the light sphere for the static black hole by using the Hamiltonian formalism and the corresponding linear radius of the shadow, angular velocity and Lyapunov exponent. For the rotating black hole, we discuss the horizon structure. Moreover, we study the effective potential to discuss the structure of null sphere and unstable circular null orbits around the rotating black hole. The properties such as energy emission rate and distortion are calculated and analyzed by using the numerical data for the shadows calculated by appropriately chosen parametric values for two different angular locations of the observer off the equatorial plane. We also obtain the constraints on the black hole parameters by comparing the shadow sizes of the black hole in Kalb-Ramond gravity and the supermassive black holes M87* and Sgr A*. Finally, we investigate the effect of mass, energy, angular momentum and the black hole parameters on the center of mass energy of two colliding particles that are accelerated in the vicinity of the black hole.
description: 29 pages, 15 figures
Development of a mouse test for repetitive, restricted behaviors: Relevance to autism
Creators: name: Koller, Beverly H.
name: Crawley, Jacqueline N.
name: Bodfish, James W.
name: Poe, Michele D.
name: Nonneman, Randal J.
name: Duncan, Gary E.
name: Young, Nancy B.
name: Nadler, Jessica J.
name: Moy, Sheryl S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Repetitive behavior, a core symptom of autism, encompasses stereotyped responses, restricted interests, and resistance to change. These studies investigated whether different components of the repetitive behavior domain could be modeled in the exploratory hole-board task in mice. Four inbred mouse strains, C57BL/6J, BALB/cByJ, BTBR T+tf/J, and FVB/NJ, and mice with reduced expression of Grin1, leading to NMDA receptor hypofunction (NR1neo/neo mice), were tested for exploration and preference for olfactory stimuli in an activity chamber with a 16-hole floor-board. Reduced exploration and high preference for holes located in the corners of the chamber were observed in BALB/cByJ and BTBR T+tf/J mice. All inbred strains had initial high preference for a familiar olfactory stimulus (clean cage bedding). BTBR T+tf/J was the only strain that did not demonstrate a shift in hole preference towards an appetitive olfactory stimulus (cereal or a chocolate chip), following home cage exposure to the food. The NR1neo/neo mice showed lower hole selectivity and aberrant olfactory stimulus preference, in comparison to wildtype controls. The results indicate that NR1neo/neo mice have repetitive nose poke responses that are less modified by environmental contingencies than responses in wildtype mice. 25-30% of NMDA-receptor hypomorphic mice also show self-injurious responses. Findings from the olfactory studies suggest that resistance to change and restricted interests might be modeled in mice by a failure to alter patterns of hole preference following familiarization with an appetitive stimulus, and by high preference persistently demonstrated for one particular olfactory stimulus. Further work is required to determine the characteristics of optimal mouse social stimuli in the olfactory hole-board test.
Smoking Mediated the Association Between Educational Attainment and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: A Two-step Mendelian Randomization Study
Creators: name: Yuan, Jie
name: Liu, Xue
name: Wang, Xinhui
name: Zhou, Huizhi
name: Wang, Yuyao
name: Tian, Guoyu
name: Liu, Xueying
name: Tang, Mulin
name: Meng, Xue
name: Kou, Chunjia
name: Yang, Qingqing
name: Li, Juyi
name: Zhang, Li
name: Ji, Jiadong
name: Zhang, Haiqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Smoking Mediated the Association Between Educational Attainment and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: A Two-step Mendelian Randomization Study
Olfactory cues are sufficient to elicit social approach behaviors but not social transmission of food preference in C57BL/6J mice
Creators: name: Crawley, Jacqueline N.
name: Ryan, Bryce C.
name: Moy, Sheryl S.
name: Young, Nancy B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Mouse models for the study of autistic-like behaviors are increasingly needed to test hypotheses about the causes of autism, and to evaluate potential treatments. Both the automated 3-chambered social approach test and social transmission of food preference have been proposed as mouse behavioral assays with face validity to diagnostic symptoms of autism, including aberrant reciprocal social interactions and impaired communication. Both assays measure aspects of normal social behavior in the mouse. However, little is known regarding the salient cues present in each assay that elicit normal social approach and communication. To deconstruct the critical components, we focused on delivering discrete social and non-social olfactory and visual cues within the context of each assay. Results indicate that social olfactory cues were sufficient to elicit normal sociability in the 3-chambered social approach test On social transmission of food preference, isolated social olfactory cues were sufficient to induce social investigation, but not sufficient to induce food preference. These findings indicate that olfactory cues are important in mouse social interaction, but that additional sensory cues are necessary in certain situations. The present evidence that both the 3-chambered social approach assay and the social transmission of food preference assay require socially relevant cues to elicit normal behavior supports the use of these two assays to investigate autism-related behavioral phenotypes in mice.
Social approach and repetitive behavior in eleven inbred mouse strains
Creators: name: Young, Nancy B.
name: Nonneman, Randal J.
name: Nadler, Jessica J.
name: Segall, Samantha K.
name: Magnuson, Terry R.
name: Andrade, Gabriela M.
name: Moy, Sheryl S.
name: Crawley, Jacqueline N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Core symptoms of autism include deficits in social interaction, impaired communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. The repetitive behavior domain encompasses abnormal motoric stereotypy, an inflexible insistence on sameness, and resistance to change. In recent years, many genetic mouse models of autism and related disorders have been developed, based on candidate genes for disease susceptibility. The present studies are part of an ongoing initiative to develop appropriate behavioral tasks for the evaluation of mouse models relevant to autism. We have previously reported profiles for sociability, preference for social novelty, and resistance to changes in a learned pattern of behavior, as well as other functional domains, for 10 inbred mouse strains of divergent genetic backgrounds. The present studies extend this multi-component behavioral characterization to several additional strains: C58/J, NOD/LtJ, NZB/B1NJ, PL/J, SJL/J, SWR/J, and the wild-derived PERA/EiJ. C58/J, NOD/LtJ, NZB/B1NJ, SJL/J, and PERA/EiJ demonstrated low sociability, measured by time spent in proximity to an unfamiliar conspecific, with 30% to 60% of mice from these strains showing social avoidance. In the Morris water maze, NZB/B1NJ had a persistent bias for the quadrant where the hidden platform was located during acquisition, even after nine days of reversal training. A particularly interesting profile was found for C58/J, which had low social preference, poor performance in the T-maze, and overt motoric stereotypy. Overall, this set of tasks and observational methods provides a strategy for evaluating novel mouse models in behavioral domains relevant to the autism phenotype.
Sorghum Production Guide
Creators: name: Ebiyau, J.
name: Aru, C
name: Lubadde, G.
name: Among, E
name: Wandulu, J. A
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2020
Subjects: ITPGRFA-BSF
UGA
Sorghum
Farmers
W2A-PR-115
Pathogens and diseases
Production
Sustainable agriculture
Farmers practices
Yields
Organic farming

description: Sorghum is considered the staple food of large populations in semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia and for mostly food-insecure people Sorghum is an integral component of the lives of those living in many West and East African countries. From sorghum drinks and common foods to livestock feeds and building materials, those local to western and east-ern Africa use sorghum products in a multitude of ways. This is partially due to how long time that sorghum has been grown in the continent. 

This short production guide was prepared as an easy to use guide providing farmers and field practitioners with useful information on the necessary steps for the sorghum production including, land preparation, planting, inter-cropping, fertilizers application, weeeding, drying, threshing etc. etc. They also provide useful information on the modalities for storage and pest control, seed bed preparation planting and common disease management.  This guide was developed as part of the implementation of the project “Strengthening Seed Delivery System for Dryland Cereals and Legumes in Drought-prone Areas of Uganda” funded in the 3rdcycle of the Benefit Sharing Fund (BSF) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) with financial support from the European Union (Eu).
DO NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS HAVE A PATHOGENETIC EFFECT?
Creators: name: Sobirjonov, Islombek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The information presented in the review can serve as a rationale for more active use of NSAIDs in cases where there are direct indications for their use. It is indicated that it is advisable to move from the tactics of purely symptomatic use of these drugs (“only when pain appears”) to the practice of regular use in a constant daily dose if pain in the joints and/or spine is present most of the time.
Interacting scalar tensor cosmology in light of SNeIa, CMB, BAO and OHD observational data sets
Creators: name: Rabiei, Sayed Wrya
name: Sheikhahmadi, Haidar
name: Saaidi, Khaled
name: Aghamohammadi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During this work, an interacting chameleon like scalar field scenario, by considering SNeIa, CMB, BAO and OHD data sets is investigated. In fact, the investigation is realized by introducing an ansatz for the effective dark energy equation of state, which mimics the behaviour of chameleon like models. Based on this assumption, some cosmological parameters including Hubble, deceleration and coincidence parameters in such mechanism are analysed. It is realized that, to estimate the free parameters of a theoretical model, by regarding the systematic errors it better the whole of the above observational data sets to be considered. In fact, if one considers SNeIa, CMB and BAO but disregards OHD it maybe leads to different results. Also to get a better overlap between the counters with the constraint $χ_{\rm{m}}^2\leq 1$, the $χ_{\rm{T}}^2$ function could be re-weighted. The relative probability functions are plotted for marginalized likelihood $\mathcal{L} (Ω_{\rm{m0}} ,ω_1, β)$ according to two dimensional confidence levels $68.3\%$, $90\%$ and $95.4\%$. Meanwhile, the value of free parameters which maximize the marginalized likelihoods using above confidence levels are obtained. In addition, based on these calculations the minimum value of $χ^2$ based on free parameters of an ansatz for the effective dark energy equation of state are achieved.
description: Accepted by the European Physical Journal C. 13 pages, 17 figures and 4 tables;
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment, data management report for Chapter 3. Section 3.3.3.2: Other contaminants in water and soil
Creators: name: Camacho-Cervantes, Morelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data management report

description: Section 3.3.3.2 assesses the role of contaminants in water and soil as a driver of biological invasions in Chapter 3 of IPBES thematic assessment of invasive alien species and their control. The experts conducted a systematic review to report on the existing knowledge on this driver. This systematic review consists in the main source of evidence for the section.
A constraint programming approach for polytopic simulation of ordinary differential equations - a collision detection application
Creators: name: Dit Sandretto, Julien Alexandre
name: Chapoutot, Alexandre
name: Garion, Christophe
name: Thirioux, Xavier
name: Ziat, Ghiles
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Constraint programming
subject: Abstract domains
subject: ODEs
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract available]
Oral Anticancer Agent (OAA) Adherence and Survival in Elderly Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC)
Creators: name: Pritchard, J.E.
name: Greiner, M.A.
name: George, D.
name: Scales, C.D.
name: Gross, C.P.
name: Wilson, L.E.
name: Kaye, D.R.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Dinan, M.A.
name: Wheeler, S.B.
name: Leapman, M.
name: Zhang, T.
name: Spees, L.P.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Objective: To examine real-world adherence to oral anticancer agents (OAAs) and its association with outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Methods: SEER-Medicare retrospective cohort study of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who received an OAA between 2007 and 2015. We examined A) adherence and B) overall and disease-specific 2-year survival landmarked at 3 months after OAA initiation. Adherence was assessed by calculating the proportion of days covered (PDC) within 3 months of OAA initiation, with adherent use being defined as PDC > 80%. Results: A total of 905 patients met study criteria, of whom 445 patients (49.2%) were categorized as adherent to initial OAA treatment. Adjusting for clinical and demographic factors revealed decreased odds of adherence associated with living within an impoverished neighborhood (OR 0.49, CI 0.0.33 – 0.74) and out-of-pocket costs > $200 (OR 0.68, CI 0.47-.98). Adherence was associated with improved 2-year survival in univariate analysis (logrank test, P = .01) and a non-significant trend toward an association with decreased all-cause (HR 0.87, CI 0.72 – 1.05) and RCC-specific survival (HR 0.84, CI 0.69 – 1.03) in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Local poverty levels and high out-of-pocket costs are associated with poor initial adherence to OAA therapy in Medicare beneficiaries with mRCC, which in turn, suggests a trend toward poor overall and disease-specific survival. Efforts to improve outcomes in the broader mRCC population should incorporate OAA adherence and economic factors.
Affine Encodings for Optimal Monitoring of Temporal Properties under Uncertain Observation
Creators: name: Fränzle, Martin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Temporal logic
subject: Online monitoring
subject: Uncertain information
subject: Partial observation
subject: Affine encodings
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract available]