cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thirty Musts for Meaning Banking
Creators: name: Bos, Johan
name: Abzianidze, Lasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Meaning banking--creating a semantically annotated corpus for the purpose of semantic parsing or generation--is a challenging task. It is quite simple to come up with a complex meaning representation, but it is hard to design a simple meaning representation that captures many nuances of meaning. This paper lists some lessons learned in nearly ten years of meaning annotation during the development of the Groningen Meaning Bank (Bos et al., 2017) and the Parallel Meaning Bank (Abzianidze et al., 2017). The paper's format is rather unconventional: there is no explicit related work, no methodology section, no results, and no discussion (and the current snippet is not an abstract but actually an introductory preface). Instead, its structure is inspired by work of Traum (2000) and Bender (2013). The list starts with a brief overview of the existing meaning banks (Section 1) and the rest of the items are roughly divided into three groups: corpus collection (Section 2 and 3, annotation methods (Section 4-11), and design of meaning representations (Section 12-30). We hope this overview will give inspiration and guidance in creating improved meaning banks in the future.
description: https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-3302/
Documenting the experiences of Chinese adolescents in Shanghai : familial relationships, pressures, and coping strategies
Creators: name: Wu, Qi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In 1979, to reduce a rapidly growing population, China implemented a one-child policy restricting new families to one child. Since then, educators, psychologists and sociologists have studied the social and emotional development of Chinese only children. At present, controversy exists regarding the positive and negative influences of being an only child on Chinese adolescents' development. Early research focused on cognitive and academic achievement and neglected to examine social and emotional development. While more recent research is aimed at exploring the social and emotional development of only children, this research is largely quantitative and reflects assessment measures. Qualitative research that elicits the experiences of adolescents is urgently needed. This research addressed the research gap in the current literature in the areas of social and emotional development and Chinese adolescents as only children by eliciting the unique perspective of adolescents. Their experiences were documented through qualitative interviews that elicited their perspectives on social relationships with parents and extended family members, as well as perspectives on pressure and coping strategies. This investigation identified significant themes for Chinese educators, policy-makers and parents. For example, adolescents experienced the love and support of their parents and noted that parents played significant roles; adolescents experienced pressures related to academics, exams and parental expectations, and; some adolescents adopted an active coping strategy to manage their pressures, while some used an avoidant coping strategy to dodge their pressures. Recommendations based on the research findings that are unique to China's social context are made.
Additional file 2 of Methodological tools and sensitivity analysis for assessing quality or risk of bias used in systematic reviews published in the high-impact anesthesiology journals
Creators: name: Marušić, Marija Franka
name: Fidahić, Mahir
name: Cepeha, Cristina Mihaela
name: Farcaș, Loredana Gabriela
name: Tseke, Alexandra
name: Puljak, Livia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. List of included studies. The file includes a list of systematic reviews/meta-analyses analyzed within this study, with their full bibliographic records.
Velocity Effects on the Deflection of Light by Gravitational Microlenses
Creators: name: Heyrovsky, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of general lens and source velocities on the gravitational deflection of light by single and two-point-mass microlenses with general axis orientation. We demonstrate that in all cases the lens equation preserves its form exactly. However, its parameters -- the Einstein radius and the binary-lens separation -- are influenced by the lens velocity. In Galactic microlensing settings the velocity mainly affects the inferred separation for wide binary-star or star+planet microlenses oriented close to the line of sight. We briefly discuss the case of lenses moving with highly relativistic velocities.
description: 13 pages with 2 figures; submitted to The Astrophysical Journal
Options from life-cycle analysis for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from crop and livestock production systems
Creators: name: Wilkinson, J.M.
name: Audsley, Eric
name: Wilkinson, J.M.
name: Audsley, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Life-cycle analysis
subject: resource use
subject: greenhouse gases
subject: crops
subject: livestock

description: Options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), measured as global warming potential, in twelve crop and seven livestock systems were explored using a systems model-based life-cycle analysis of environmental burdens and resource use. Differences between crops in GHGE per kg product reflected differences in yield per hectare. Technological changes found to reduce GHGE per kg of crop were: (i) 20% decrease in total N (all crops except legumes); (ii) no-till (cereals and legumes only) and (iii) no straw incorporation (cereals and rape). Reductions in GHGE ranged from 2% (sugar beet) to 15% (cereals). GHGE per kg crop were also reduced by increasing crop yields by 20%. The maximum potential to reduce livestock GHGE was estimated by identifying for each livestock sector the system which gave the greatest reduction in GHGE per kg of product. Alternative systems were associated with reductions in GHGE of between 7% (beef from the dairy herd) and 21% (sheep meat). Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) ranged from 48% for oilseed rape to 85% for sugar beet, and from 5.8% for sheep meat to 33% for poultry meat production. The results indicate that improvements in productivity and efficiency of resource use result in lower GHGE per unit of product and increased NUE.
On the Anthropogenic and Natural Injection of Matter into Earth's Atmosphere
Creators: name: Schulz, Leonard
name: Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every year, more and more objects are sent to space. While staying in orbit at high altitudes, objects at low altitudes reenter the atmosphere, mostly disintegrating and adding material to the upper atmosphere. The increasing number of countries with space programs, advancing commercialization, and ambitious satellite constellation projects raise concerns about space debris in the future and will continuously increase the mass flux into the atmosphere. In this study, we compare the mass influx of human-made (anthropogenic) objects to the natural mass flux into Earth's atmosphere due to meteoroids, originating from solar system objects like asteroids and comets. The current and near future significance of anthropogenic mass sources is evaluated, considering planned and already partially installed large satellite constellations. Detailed information about the mass, composition, and ablation of natural and anthropogenic material are given, reviewing the relevant literature. Today, anthropogenic material does make up about 2.8 % compared to the annual injected mass of natural origin, but future satellite constellations may increase this fraction to nearly 40 %. For this case, the anthropogenic injection of several metals prevails the injection by natural sources by far. Additionally, we find that the anthropogenic injection of aerosols into the atmosphere increases disproportionately. All this can have yet unknown effects on Earth's atmosphere and the terrestrial habitat.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Advances in Space Research
Tetra and Didi, the cosmic spectral twins
Creators: name: Doyle, Peter G
name: Rossetti, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 58J53, 11F72, 53C22

description: We introduce a pair of isospectral but non-isometric compact flat 3-manifolds called Tetra (a tetracosm) and Didi (a didicosm). The closed geodesics of Tetra and Didi are very different. Where Tetra has two quarter-twisting geodesics of the shortest length, Didi has four half-twisting geodesics. Nevertheless, these spaces are isospectral. This isospectrality can be proven directly by matching eigenfunctions having the same eigenvalue. However, the real interest of this pair--and what led us to discover it--is the way isospectrality emerges from the Selberg trace formula, as the result of a delicate interplay between the lengths and twists of closed geodesics.
description: Freely redistributable version (GNU FDL). Differs only very slightly from the version published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol8/paper33.abs.html
Extracorporeal treatment for calcium channel blocker poisoning: systematic review and recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup
Creators: name: Wong, Anselm
name: Hoffman, Robert S.
name: Walsh, Steven J.
name: Roberts, Darren M.
name: Gosselin, Sophie
name: Bunchman, Timothy E.
name: Kebede, Sofia
name: Lavergne, Valery
name: Ghannoum, Marc
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are commonly used to treat conditions such as arterial hypertension and supraventricular dysrhythmias. Poisoning from these drugs can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. We aimed to determine the utility of extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) in the management of CCB poisoning. We conducted systematic reviews of the literature, screened studies, extracted data, summarized findings, and formulated recommendations following published EXTRIP methods. A total of 83 publications (6 in vitro and 1 animal experiments, 55 case reports or case series, 19 pharmacokinetic studies, 1 cohort study and 1 systematic review) met inclusion criteria regarding the effect of ECTR. Toxicokinetic or pharmacokinetic data were available on 210 patients (including 32 for amlodipine, 20 for diltiazem, and 52 for verapamil). Regardless of the ECTR used, amlodipine, bepridil, diltiazem, felodipine, isradipine, mibefradil, nifedipine, nisoldipine, and verapamil were considered not dialyzable, with variable levels of evidence, while no dialyzability grading was possible for nicardipine and nitrendipine. Data were available for clinical analysis on 78 CCB poisoned patients (including 32 patients for amlodipine, 16 for diltiazem, and 23 for verapamil). Standard care (including high dose insulin euglycemic therapy) was not systematically administered. Clinical data did not suggest an improvement in outcomes with ECTR. Consequently, the EXTRIP workgroup recommends against using ECTR in addition to standard care for patients severely poisoned with either amlodipine, diltiazem or verapamil (strong recommendations, very low quality of the evidence (1D)). There were insufficient clinical data to draft recommendation for other CCBs, although the workgroup acknowledged the low dialyzability from, and lack of biological plausibility for, ECTR. Both dialyzability and clinical data do not support a clinical benefit from ECTRs for CCB poisoning. The EXTRIP workgroup recommends against using extracorporeal methods to enhance the elimination of amlodipine, diltiazem, and verapamil in patients with severe poisoning.
Additional file 3 of Methodological tools and sensitivity analysis for assessing quality or risk of bias used in systematic reviews published in the high-impact anesthesiology journals
Creators: name: Marušić, Marija Franka
name: Fidahić, Mahir
name: Cepeha, Cristina Mihaela
name: Farcaș, Loredana Gabriela
name: Tseke, Alexandra
name: Puljak, Livia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Quality threshold for sensitivity analysis as described in the included studies. Threshold description includes all relevant information for sensitivity analysis from Methods, Results or Discussion, regardless of the part of manuscript where they were described.
Sustainable Livestock Management for Poverty Alleviation and Food Security: Book Review
Creators: name: Obi, Ajuruchukwu
name: Obi, Ajuruchukwu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Development
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Book Review of:Sustainable Livestock Management for Poverty Alleviation and Food Security: by Katrien van’t Hooft, Terry S. Wollen and Dilip P. Bhandari
Additional file 1 of Methodological tools and sensitivity analysis for assessing quality or risk of bias used in systematic reviews published in the high-impact anesthesiology journals
Creators: name: Marušić, Marija Franka
name: Fidahić, Mahir
name: Cepeha, Cristina Mihaela
name: Farcaș, Loredana Gabriela
name: Tseke, Alexandra
name: Puljak, Livia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Study protocol. This file includes the study protocol, which was defined a priori before commencement of the study.
Quantum Kinetic Equation for spin polarization of massive quarks from pQCD
Creators: name: Li, Shiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent progress in formulating a quantum kinetic theory for the polarization of spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ massive quarks from the leading-log order of perturbative QCD.
description: 4 pages, contribution to the proceeding of XXVIIIth International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2019)
Additional file 6 of Diversity of nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria associated with sugarcane: a comprehensive study of plant-microbe interactions for growth enhancement in Saccharum spp.
Creators: name: Singh, Rajesh Kumar
name: Pratiksha Singh
name: Hai-Bi Li
name: Song, Qi-Qi
name: Guo, Dao-Jun
name: Solanki, Manoj K.
name: Verma, Krishan K.
name: Malviya, Mukesh K.
name: Xiu-Peng Song
name: Lakshmanan, Prakash
name: Yang, Li-Tao
name: Li, Yang-Rui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional files 6: Table S3. The media used in this study for isolation of N2 fixing bacteria from sugarcane.
Early childhood educators’ experiences implementating a social competence promotion program for preschool-aged children : the "safe spaces" program
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Angela Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The primary aim of this research was to describe the implementation of the Safe Spaces program across child care settings. The Safe Spaces program is a universal primary preventive program designed to foster preschool-aged children's emotional and social competence via a series of lessons that teach children emotional understanding and prosocial behaviours. The program was piloted in one child care centre in 2001 and is currently being implemented in over 50 child care settings across British Columbia, Canada. Although the Safe Spaces program has anecdotal evidence suggesting positive outcomes, little is known about whether or not the program is being implemented as intended across different child care settings and how child care centre characteristics, including early childhood educators' beliefs and experiences, might influence program implementation. Accordingly, 10 Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) drawn from five child care centres implementing the Safe Spaces program were asked to provide information via a series of questionnaires, interviews, and implementation record logs about the implementation of the Safe Spaces program in each of their centres. Results revealed high implementation (i.e., program adherence, extent to which specific program components are delivered as prescribed in program manuals and dosage, the frequency with which program techniques are implemented) of the Safe Spaces program across centres. Despite these reports, educators revealed that centre, child, and implementers' characteristics were related to the adoption and implementation of the program. Challenges and successes help identify recommendations for future implementation.
Re-investigating the Factors Affecting Public Perception of Food-Related Risk A Cross-National Study by the Laddering Method
Creators: name: Niiyama, Yoko
name: Hosono, Hiromi
name: Kawamura, Ritsuko
name: Kiyohara, Akiko
name: Kudo, Haruyo
name: Kito, Yayoi
name: Tanaka, Keiko
name: Niiyama, Yoko
name: Hosono, Hiromi
name: Kawamura, Ritsuko
name: Kiyohara, Akiko
name: Kudo, Haruyo
name: Kito, Yayoi
name: Tanaka, Keiko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Risk communication among stakeholders is the essential element behind decisions about risk management measures in the food safety field. However, risk communication has not always been favorably done. Slovic (1999) pointed out that unsuccessful risk management can be traced, in part, to a failure to appreciate the complex and socially determined nature of the concept "risk". The majority of risk perception studies with Socio-psychological models have focused on multi-dimensional characteristics of risk/hazard that have substantial influence on the subjective evaluation of risks. The identified factors of characteristics in these studies, however, cannot suitably explain the characteristics of food related risks. In this study, we re-investigated the factors that influence the perceived magnitude of food-related risks by a laddering method survey in Japan, Korea and the U.S.. The results show that the public have judged the high/low of risk level by 3 categories of factors: perceived risk/hazard characteristics, perceived personal factors and perceived social factors. Severity of damage to health, cause of illness, accumulation in body, benefit and natural/artificial origin were the major factors categorized in perceived risk/hazard characteristics. Perceived personal factors consist of experience, knowledge and association of terrible scene/image. Exposure to information and trust in government/experts were regarded as perceived social factors. A structural model of food-related risk perception might possibly be constructed by adding worldview and general trust to the above 3 factors. This model will be statistically analyzed in the continuous empirical cross-cultural studies.
The Leased-Land Relation and Rural Society in the Hokkaido Paddy Field Zone
Creators: name: HOSOYAMA, Takao
name: HOSOYAMA, Takao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: When it comes to farmland liquidity, instead of farmland dealing, leasing has been increasing rapidly in the Hokkaido paddy field zone since the second half of the 1980s. The leased land development is especially remarkable because of the formation of a large number of lenders of farmland, against the background of farmhouse aging, in the Kamikawa central area. Large-scale management of accumulated leased land which lies in two or more rural communities is developing actively. The problem is the stability of the leased land use and the regional resource management. This paper clarifies leased-land-related character, for Toma Town in the center of the Kamikawa area. The creation of farmland sets has been achieved in this town through an original approach to large-scale management. The analysis result is shown as follows. First, the leased land use is long term and shows the tendency to stabilize, in large-scale management. But, on stabilization, the role of purchase is not small, either. The leased-land relation also holds temporary character until it results in dealing. Second, the lender does not take part in the regional resource management such as waterway management in the rural communities. The regional resource management is unrelated to the lender who abandons farming. However, though it is an individual relation, the support of the resource management in large-scale management by the lender, is confirmed. Third, lendership is not a permanent state. First of all, they are elderly households. Moreover, for the farmland, weight is put on the means of production. Therefore, transfer and farmland clearance are seen in such cases. It can be said that the leased-land relation is an inner package of the relation, always canceled by eventual sales. Therefore, as a direction for large-scale management, to reduce the load of the resource management, the following is required: First, that there be farmland accumulation in a neighboring area, during the shift from leased land to purchase, thereby providing experience in the town where the farmland set will be created. It will be necessary to clarify the achievement factor in the future. Second, that lenders who can participate in the resource management be identified.
Gluon Shadowing and Nuclear Entanglement
Creators: name: Castorina, Paolo
name: Iorio, Alfredo
name: Lanteri, Daniele
name: Lukes, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relying on previous results that link entanglement entropy and parton distribution functions in deep inelastic scattering and focusing on the small Bjorken scaling region we present here indications that gluon shadowing might indeed be explained as due to a depletion of the entanglement entropy between observed and unobserved degrees of freedom per nucleon within a nucleus with respect to the free nucleon case. We apply to gluon shadowing the general Page approach to the calculation of the entanglement entropy in bipartite systems, giving physical motivations of the results.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 7 of Diversity of nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria associated with sugarcane: a comprehensive study of plant-microbe interactions for growth enhancement in Saccharum spp.
Creators: name: Singh, Rajesh Kumar
name: Pratiksha Singh
name: Hai-Bi Li
name: Song, Qi-Qi
name: Guo, Dao-Jun
name: Solanki, Manoj K.
name: Verma, Krishan K.
name: Malviya, Mukesh K.
name: Xiu-Peng Song
name: Lakshmanan, Prakash
name: Yang, Li-Tao
name: Li, Yang-Rui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional files 7: Table S4. Composition and conditions of PCR amplification used for genetic fingerprinting analysis.
On tetraquark meson states
Creators: name: Gupta, Virendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is suggested that the narrow meson state seen in the the SELEX experiment is a $(c\bar{s} s\bar{s})$ tetraquark state. Characteristics of other possible tetraquarks formed out of $c$ and $s$ quarks and antiquarks are considered.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX 2e, major changes in pages 2 and 3, new references added
title: Lettre de Jacques Leibowitch à Alain Calmat
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 2 exemplaires.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311113406992
Farmland Liquidation and Transaction Costs
Creators: name: TAKAHASHI, Daisuke
name: TAKAHASHI, Daisuke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper discusses why progress in farmland liquidation through leasing has been very slow in the agricultural sector in Japan, focusing on the transaction costs related to farmland leasing. First, this paper points out that transaction costs are an important constraint for farmland leasing, and argues by means of a survey of related studies, why transaction costs have a strong association with farmland. Next, it explores using partial equilibrium analysis how the aggregated demand and supply of farmland is affected by the changes in the farmers' activities that face a transaction cost. Following this, the paper estimates the extent to which farmland leasing is affected by the characteristics of farmland and local communities. The data used in the analysis is the prefectural panel data of the agricultural census for the years 1980, 1990, and 2000; the data excludes Hokkaido, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Osaka, and Okinawa. The result of the econometric analysis shows that the level of farmland leasing is related to the variables representing the activities of local communities and the characteristics of farmland such as land improvement and conversion of farmland. These results emphasize the importance of developing and reinforcing institutions and organizations to lower the transaction costs in the farmland market.
Adv-watermark: A Novel Watermark Perturbation for Adversarial Examples
Creators: name: Jia, Xiaojun
name: Wei, Xingxing
name: Cao, Xiaochun
name: Han, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research has demonstrated that adding some imperceptible perturbations to original images can fool deep learning models. However, the current adversarial perturbations are usually shown in the form of noises, and thus have no practical meaning. Image watermark is a technique widely used for copyright protection. We can regard image watermark as a king of meaningful noises and adding it to the original image will not affect people's understanding of the image content, and will not arouse people's suspicion. Therefore, it will be interesting to generate adversarial examples using watermarks. In this paper, we propose a novel watermark perturbation for adversarial examples (Adv-watermark) which combines image watermarking techniques and adversarial example algorithms. Adding a meaningful watermark to the clean images can attack the DNN models. Specifically, we propose a novel optimization algorithm, which is called Basin Hopping Evolution (BHE), to generate adversarial watermarks in the black-box attack mode. Thanks to the BHE, Adv-watermark only requires a few queries from the threat models to finish the attacks. A series of experiments conducted on ImageNet and CASIA-WebFace datasets show that the proposed method can efficiently generate adversarial examples, and outperforms the state-of-the-art attack methods. Moreover, Adv-watermark is more robust against image transformation defense methods.
G287.84--0.82: An Infrared Star Cluster in the Carina Nebula
Creators: name: Hägele, G. F.
name: Colombo, J. F. Albacete
name: Barbá, R. H.
name: Bosch, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the properties of an infrared cluster embedded in the gas and dust of the southern part of the Carina Nebula (NGC 3372), where the probable existence of current star formation has already been predicted. We used mid-infrared (A & C bands) and near-infrared (J H K$_{\rm s}$) images from the MSX and the 2MASS surveys respectively, combined with an optical H$_α$ narrow-band filter image obtained at the CTIO. The infrared star cluster has at least 17 members, and its parameters, radius and stellar density are in very good agreement with high- to intermediate-mass star formation scenarios. The detected IR sources have roughly the same intrinsic infrared excess determined from their position in colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams, suggesting that these objects could be related to pre-main sequence stars of high to intermediate mass. Furthermore, we present a low-dispersion spectrum of LS 1883 (O9.5 V) star located near the centre of the IR cluster. The position of this object in the colour-colour and colour-magnitude IR diagrams lies close to the reddening vector of an ZAMS O9 V spectral type star, and it seems to be the first star of this cluster to emerge. All these facts are consistent with the current star-forming scenarios associated with highly embedded star clusters.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Compare the safety and efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in infants and children with hydrocephalus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Li, Chuzhong
name: Gui, Songbai
name: Zhang, Yazhuo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement are two surgical options used for treatment of non-communicating hydrocephalus. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency and safety of these techniques in pediatric patients. An extensive literature review regarding the clinical outcome, safety and efficiency of ETV and shunting in treatment of hydrocephalus was conducted in Medline, PubMed, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases up to 27 November 2015. Patient demographics, ETV and shunting success and failure rates were extracted. A total of seven two-arm studies were included for quantitative analysis and 25 single-arm studies were included for systematic review. The two-arm studies recruited a total of 6995 patients: 1046 in the ETV group and 5949 in the shunt group. The pooled results showed that the 1 year success rate of ETV and shunt-placement procedure were similar (pooled RR = 0.870, 95% CI = 0.680–1.112, P = 0.266). The failure rate in the ETV treatment group was 0.9 times higher than in the shunt group; however, the results did not reach statistical significance (pooled RR = 0.893, 95% CI = 0.576–1.383, P = 0.611). Both ETV and shunts are associated with similar 1 year success and failure rates. Therefore, there are no current indications to recommend one mode of treatment over the other. Future studies designed to assess the effectiveness of ETV and shunt procedures depending on patient’s age and etiology are warranted.
An entropic simulational study of the spin-$1$ Baxter-Wu model in a crystal field
Creators: name: Jorge, L. N.
name: Martins, P. H. L.
name: DaSilva, C. J.
name: Ferreira, L. S.
name: Caparica, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the critical behavior of the two-dimensional spin-$1$ Baxter-Wu model in a crystal field using entropic sampling simulations with the joint density of states. We obtain the temperature-crystal field phase diagram, which includes a tetracritical line ending at a pentacritical point. A finite-size scaling analysis of the maximum of the specific heat, while changing the crystal field anisotropy, is used to obtain a precise location of the pentacritical point. Our results give the critical temperature and crystal field as $T_{pc}=0.98030(10)$ and $D_{pc}=1.68288(62)$. We also detect that at the first-order region of the phase diagram, the specific heat exhibits a double peak structure as in the Schottky-like anomaly, which is associated with an order-disorder transition.
description: 7 pages. 7 figures
Computers for primary students : teachers’ beliefs about classroom computer usage in primary classrooms
Creators: name: Boedianto, Joyce Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers' beliefs about computer usage for primary students. Specifically, this study examined (a) the beliefs primary teachers hold about developmentally appropriate uses of computers in primary classrooms, (b) how these beliefs compare with their descriptions of their pedagogical practices, (c) how these beliefs resonate with teachers' beliefs about how primary students learn in general, and (d) how teachers' beliefs and pedagogical practices compare with the recommendations made by early childhood education institutions. A multiple case study with a qualitative approach was conducted. Four female primary-grade teachers who have between 10 to 30 years teaching experience in primary classrooms participated in two semi-structured interviews. Overall, teachers held relatively similar beliefs about developmentally appropriate uses of computers, particularly that computer uses should be age appropriate and integrated into the curriculum. Teachers' overall beliefs about the developmental appropriateness of computer uses were continuous with their beliefs about how primary students learn and with the recommendations made by early childhood education institutions. On the other hand, there were both continuity and discontinuity between teachers' espoused beliefs with their descriptions of their pedagogical practices. Thus, holding shared beliefs about developmentally appropriate computer uses with the community of practice and early childhood education institutions does not necessarily assure that teachers' pedagogical practices are consistent with their espoused beliefs. Suggestions on how to support teachers in the implementation of developmentally appropriate practice in their classroom computer uses are made.
title: Algorithm selection and performance prediction for the examination timetabling problem
Creators: name: Zhukova, Olga
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning
subject: Examination Timetabling
subject: Algorithm Selection
subject: Performance Prediction

description: The Examination Timetabling Problem (ETP)is an important task that appears periodically at universities, colleges and schools. A general definition of the timetabling problem which covers most cases is as follows: a timetabling problem is a problem with four parameters: T, a finite set of times; R, a finite set of resources; M, a finite set of exams; and C, a finite set of constraints. The problem is to assign times and resources to the exams so as to satisfy the constraints as much as possible. However, due to its practical focus, a particular point of interest is the formulation presented on the ITC 2007. Examination timetabling has been studied for years, and NP-completeness of some formulations was proven. Therefore exact methods can not always solve large instances in a reasonable time. Although a lot of different heuristics have been developed, there is no known algorithm that dominates on all problem instances. Moreover, according to the No Free Lunch Theorem, this situation is in fact impossible. Therefore, in order to achieve better performance, we can choose the best performing heuristic for a particular instance using a set of predefined instance characteristics. This task is commonly known as the Algorithm Selection Problem (AS). Additionally, it might be practically useful to be able to predict the quality of the solution obtained by a certain solver on a given instance. This problem has been named the Algorithm Performance Prediction Problem (APP). In this thesis, we present the solution for the Algorithm Selection and the Algorithm Performance Prediction Problems for the ITC2007 formulation of the ETP using Machine Learning techniques. For that, we introduce a set of characteristics which consists of 196 features. Also, we collect 3 State-Of-The-Art heuristics for the ETP and run them on the dataset of 2243 real-world and artificially generated instances. We find none of the algorithms outperforms the others for all instances. Subsequently, we use 6 classification algorithms and 9 regression techniques for solving the AS and the APP problems respectively. Additionally, we investigate the influence of the parameter settings and preprocessing techniques on estimator performance. Moreover, we inspect the importance of particular feature groups for the AS and APP problems. As a result, we succeed in the building of rather accurate performance prediction models for the APP and construction of the AS solver that outperforms all of their underlying heuristics individually.
Neutrino 2004: Concluding Talk
Creators: name: Altarelli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the highlights of Neutrino 2004 and recall the main lessons from neutrinos in recent years that had a great impact on particle physics and cosmology.
description: Presented at Neutrino 2004, Paris, 14-19 June 2004
Area of a triangle and angle bisectors
Creators: name: Buturlakin, A. A.
name: Presnyakov, S. S.
name: Revin, D. O.
name: Savin, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M04, 12F10

description: Consider a triangle $ABC$ with given lengths $l_a,l_b,l_c$ of its internal angle bisectors. We prove that in general, it is impossible to construct a square of the same area as $ABC$ using a ruler and compass. Moreover, it is impossible to express the area of $ABC$ in radicals of $l_a,l_b,l_c$.
Position- and momentum-space two-body correlations in a weakly interacting trapped condensate
Creators: name: Butera, Salvatore
name: Clément, David
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the position- and momentum-space two--body correlations in a weakly interacting, harmonically trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensed gas at low temperatures. The two-body correlations are computed within the Bogoliubov approximation and the peculiarities of the trapped gas are highlighted in contrast to the spatially homogeneous case. In the position space, we recover the anti-bunching induced by the repulsive inter-atomic interaction in the condensed fraction localized around the trap center and the bunching in the outer thermal cloud. In the momentum space, bunching signatures appear for either equal or opposite values of the momentum and display peculiar features as a function of the momentum and the temperature. In analogy to the optical Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, the amplitude of the bunching signal at close-by momenta is fixed by the chaotic nature of the matter field state and its linewidth is shown to be set by the (inverse of the) finite spatial size of the associated in-trap momentum components. In contrast, the linewidth of the bunching signal at opposite-momenta is only determined by the condensate size.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Sum-product estimates for diagonal matrices
Creators: name: Mudgal, Akshat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B30

description: Given $d \in \mathbb{N}$, we establish sum-product estimates for finite, non-empty subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$. This is equivalent to a sum-product result for sets of diagonal matrices. In particular, let $A$ be a finite, non-empty set of $d \times d$ diagonal matrices with real entries. Then for all $δ_1 < 1/3 + 5/5277$, we have \[ |A+A| + |A\cdot A| \gg_{d} |A|^{1 + δ_{1}/d}. \] In this setting, the above estimate quantitatively strengthens a result of Chang.
description: A revised version will appear in Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society. 9 pages
Politika modernizacii sel’skogo chozjajstva RF v ramkach objazatel’stv VTO: K voprosu o necelesoobraznosti kopirovanija Edinoj sel’skochozjajstvennoj politiki ES
Creators: name: Petrik, Martin
name: Petrik, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Segodnja odna iz važnejšich programmnych zadač rossijskogo pravitel’stva zaključaetsja v tom, čtoby pridat‘ svežij impul’s razvitiju agropromyšlennogo kompleksa, ne narušaja objazatel’stv, svjazannych s členstvom vo Vsemirnoj torgovoj organizacii (VTO). Soglasno Gosudarstvennoj programme razvitija sel’skogo chozjajstva, odnim iz glavnych sredstv podderžki agropromyšlennogo kompleksa javljaetsja l’gotnoe kreditovanie životnovodstva, kotoromu v 2013-2020 gg. otvedena rol‘ osnovnogo polučatelja subsidij na kompensaciju stavok po investicionnym kreditam. Ėti vyplaty sčitajut nesovmestimymi s objazatel’stvami zelenoj korziny VTO, v to vremja kak analogičnye mechanizmy dejstvujut v ramkach Edinoj sel’skochozjajstvennoj politiki ES (ESCHP). Rossijskomu pravitel’stvu, vozmožno, ne sostavit truda dokazat‘ sovmestimost‘ subsidij s trebovanijami zelenoj korziny, no rukovodstvovat’sja ESCHP v voprosach programmnych reform, na naš vzgljad, necelesoobrazno. Strukturno-programmnye komponenty ESCHP, sudja po imejuščimsja dannym, ne opravdali nadežd, ne obespečiv ėffektivnogo rešenija ni odnoj iz celogo rjada postavlennych zadač. Opirajas‘ na dannye po Vostočnoj Germanii, v dannom analitičeskom materiale utverždaetsja, čto reforma institucional’noj sredy sel’skogo chozjajstva javljaetsja po men’šej mere takim že važnym usloviem ego uspešnoj modernizacii, kak i ščedroe finansirovanie.
Secondary students’ perspectives of parent involvement in school : measuring amount of involvement and level of satisfaction
Creators: name: Kavanagh, Paula Leeanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Few studies have examined how parents are involved in secondary students' education and no known research has looked at secondary students' perceptions of their parents' involvement in their education. In this study the amount of parent involvement and the related level of satisfaction associated to that involvement was investigated among 87 students in grades ten, 11, and 12 at three high schools in British Columbia. Participants were surveyed using a modified version of the Home, School, and Family Partnership (HSFP) survey for high school students (Epstein, Connors, & Salinas, 1993) and a survey of satisfaction that was developed specifically for use in this study. The results indicated that the HSFP-S was a reasonably valid and moderately reliable measure of parent involvement for the discrete types of parent involvement that it represented. The four factor identified were: Communication: Home-School, Communication: Parent-Child, Requests for Information and Support at School, and Requests for Information and Support at Home. Participants reported higher amounts of Communication: Home-School than any other type. There was a significant effect of family status and grade associated to amount of parent involvement for certain types of activities. Further, participants reported feeling satisfied with the current amounts for both communication type parent involvement factors but showed a general trend that as amount of involvement went up, level of satisfaction went down. There was no significant relation between level of satisfaction and the other types of parent involvement. Further research is needed to determine how present models of parent involvement apply to students at the secondary school level.
Efficiency of informational transfer in regular and complex networks
Creators: name: Vragović, I.
name: Louis, E.
name: Díaz-Guilera, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the process of informational exchange through complex networks by measuring network efficiencies. Aiming to study non-clustered systems, we propose a modification of this measure on the local level. We apply this method to an extension of the class of small-worlds that includes {\it declustered} networks, and show that they are locally quite efficient, although their clustering coefficient is practically zero. Unweighted systems with small-world and scale-free topologies are shown to be both globally and locally efficient. Our method is also applied to characterize weighted networks. In particular we examine the properties of underground transportation systems of Madrid and Barcelona and reinterpret the results obtained for the Boston subway network.
description: 10 pages and 9 figures