cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phasic nucleus accumbens dopamine encodes risk-based decision making behavior
Creators: name: Sugam, Jonathan Adam
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: When deciding to act organisms must correctly evaluate the costs and benefits of action selection in order to optimize resources. Several factors influence the evaluation of reward value including the behavioral cost, the delay to, probability of, and magnitude of reinforcement. Dopamine (DA) transmission within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been implicated in reward learning and value-based decision making. The mesolimbic DA system has been shown to encode information about explicit value associated with behavioral performance that biases responses towards the most valuable options available; however it is unclear whether subjective value associated with risk-taking behavior is encoded by DA release. Here, phasic DA release in the NAc was monitored using fast scan cyclic voltammetry during a risk-based decision making task in which visual cues predicted the opportunity to respond for small certain or larger uncertain rewards. Reward predictive cues evoked increases in DA concentration in the NAc core that scaled with each animal's preferred reward contingency. Further, DA signaling in the NAc core tracked the unexpected presentation or omission of rewards following prediction error theory. Similar processing was not observed in the NAc shell. These results suggest that the dopaminergic projections to the NAc core encode the subjective value of future rewards that may function to optimize choices during decision making and risk-taking behavior.
Beautiful mirrors for a pNGB Higgs
Creators: name: Andrés, Eduardo C.
name: Da Rold, Leandro
name: Davidovich, Iván A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one of the most significant deviations from the Standard Model: the forward-backward asymmetry of the b-quark measured at leptonic colliders. We investigate the possibility to solve this discrepancy by introducing new physics at the TeV scale. We focus on models where the Higgs is a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson of a new strongly coupled sector with a global SO(5) symmetry broken spontaneously to SO(4). Besides the usual top partners, we introduce bottom partners in the representations 16 and 4 of SO(5) and show that they can improve significantly the fit by correcting the Zbb couplings. We also estimate the corrections to the couplings at one-loop and obtain that the tree-level ones dominate and can give a reliable estimation. We find that the large shift required for Zb_Rb_R leads to light custodians associated to the b-quark, similar to the top partners, as well as a rich phenomenology involving neutral interactions in the bottom-sector.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures
title: Capabilities of ultrasonography in estimation of the relations in the radiocapitellar joint in children
Creators: name: Mironova, Yulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Emergency
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Trauma
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Pulled elbow is a condition that has many synonyms most referring to the etiologyor pathology [1-3]. They are: - Radial head subluxation - Partial dislocation of the radial head peculiar to children - Dislocation of the head of the radius by...
title: Percutaneal drainage of blocked pancreatic duct with subsequent percutaneal patency restoration - litholapaxy, stenting, endoluminal RFA and stenting
Creators: name: Mizandari, Malkhaz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Drainage
subject: Ablation procedures

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The pancreatic duct block, caused by chronic pancreatitis, calculi, pancreatic or some other malignancies might be the cause of serious clinical problems, manifested by pancreatic pain, pseudocyst formation, or acute pancreatitis; The pancreatic...
Health within Planetary Boundaries. Open Questions for Policymakers, Scientists and Health Actors
Creators: name: Baltruks, Dorothea
name: Gepp, Sophie
name: Van de Pas, Remco
name: Voss, Maike
name: Wabnitz, Katharina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Planetary Health
Planetary Boundaries
Health Policy

description: To address the urgent planetary crises and to ensure the planet’s habitability for future generations, planetary health needs to be anchored as a vision in all policies at national and international levels. Experiences and lessons learned from other policy fields and other countries can be considered in strengthening prevention of and preparedness for planetary crises and their health risks. To do so, we need to answer some urgent questions: 1) how can regulatory frameworks, structures, institutions, and incentives be adapted to make health within planetary boundaries the core goal of a comprehensive prevention policy and a public welfare-oriented care economy? 2) what role do conflicting goals and interests play in this context? 3) how can health equity and environmental justice be integrated into (health) policy decisions? 4) what forms of science communication, translation and generation are needed to accelerate the transformation towards health within planetary boundaries effectively?
title: Musculoskeletal Infections: What Emergency Radiologists Need to Know.
Creators: name: Leyva Vásquez-Caicedo, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Infection
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Review the spectrum of musculoskeletal infections, recognize and describe the imaging findings of the main infectious entities of the musculoskeletal system at the emergency department. To know the diagnostic characteristics of musculoskeletal...
Detecting topological sectors in continuum Yang-Mills theory and the fate of BRST symmetry
Creators: name: Oxman, L. E.
name: Santos-Rosa, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, motivated by Laplacian type center gauges in the lattice, designed to avoid the Gribov problem, we introduce a new family of gauge fixings for pure Yang-Mills theories in the continuum. This procedure separates the partition function into partial contributions associated with different sectors, containing center vortices and correlated monopoles. We show that, on each sector, the gauge fixed path-integral displays a BRST symmetry, however, it cannot be globally extended due to sector dependent boundary conditions on the ghost fields. These are nice features as they would permit to discuss the independence of the partial contributions on gauge parameters,, while opening a window for the space of quantum states to be different from the perturbative one, which would be implied if topological configurations were removed.
description: 7 pages, REVTeX
how do men cope with the stress of divorce and separation? a scoping review
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Mansoureh
name: Farahani, Hanieh
name: Mootabi, Fereshteh
name: Ahmadi, Fazlollah
name: Bigham, Zahra
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: divorce, men, physical health, mental health, copings

description: Divorce is one of the most major stressors in life. the focus of studies is more concentrated on the effects of divorce on children and women, while the consequences of this phenomenon on men are regrettably neglected.divorced men are at highly significant risk for early death based on the cumulative number of years that men lived as divorcees. hypertension is mainly known as a consequence of distress among divorced men (McEwen, 1998). Similarly, the negative outcomes of depression in divorced men are much worse than such consequences in women. a limited number of heterogeneous researches have concentrated on the experience of divorce in men. However, they are heading for more negative consequences (Helgeson, 1994). to eliminate these shortcomings, we intend to use a Scoping review method to run an exploratory study of the current heterogeneous literature.
Biologische und psychosoziale Einflussfaktoren auf geschlechterbezogene Unterschiede beim Schmerz
Creators: name: Icenhour, Adriane
name: Elsenbruch, Sigrid
name: Benson, Sven
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geschlechterdifferenz
subject: Krankheit
subject: Körper
subject: Gender
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: chronische Schmerzen
subject: Reizdarmsyndrom
subject: bio-psychosoziales Krankheitsmodell

description: Epidemiologische Studien dokumentieren, dass Frauen deutlich häufiger von chronischen Schmerzen betroffen sind als Männer. Die Ursachen und Mechanismen, die diesen Geschlechtsunterschieden zugrunde liegen, werden jedoch erst seit einigen Jahren systematisch untersucht. Aktuell geht man von einem multifaktoriellen Schmerzmodell aus, dem zufolge biologische, psychologische und soziale Faktoren bei der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von Schmerzen zusammenwirken und auf die Geschlechtsunterschiede potenziell zurückführbar sind. In diesem Beitrag wird auf der Basis des bio-psycho-sozialen Krankheitsmodells die aktuelle, sehr komplexe Befundlage zu Geschlechtsdifferenzen bei Schmerzen dargestellt. Am Beispiel des Reizdarmsyndroms wird das Zusammenwirken biologischer und psychosozialer Einflüsse verdeutlicht und es werden offene Fragen thematisiert, aus denen zentrale Erkenntnisse für ein tieferes Verständnis des komplexen Themenbereichs geschlechtsbezogener Unterschiede bei Schmerzen gewonnen werden können.
Rare recombination events generate sequence diversity among balancer chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Miller, Danny E.
name: Cook, Kevin R.
name: Yeganehkazemi, Nazanin
name: Smith, Clarissa B.
name: Cockrell, Alexandria J.
name: Hawley, R. Scott
name: Bergman, Casey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Multiply inverted balancer chromosomes that suppress exchange with their homologs are an essential part of the genetic toolkit in Drosophila melanogaster. Despite their widespread use, the organization of balancer chromosomes has not been characterized at the molecular level, and the degree of sequence variation among copies of any given balancer chromosome is unknown. To map inversion breakpoints and study potential sequence diversity in the descendants of a structurally identical balancer chromosome, we sequenced a panel of laboratory stocks containing the most widely used X-chromosome balancer, First Multiple 7 (FM7). We mapped the locations of FM7 breakpoints to precise euchromatic coordinates and identified the flanking sequence of breakpoints in heterochromatic regions. Analysis of SNP variation revealed megabase-scale blocks of sequence divergence among currently used FM7 stocks. We present evidence that this divergence arose by rare double crossover events that replaced a female-sterile allele of the singed gene (sn[X2]) on FM7c with wild type sequence from balanced chromosomes, and propose that many FM7c chromosomes in the Bloomington Drosophila Stock Center have lost sn[X2] by this mechanism. Finally, we characterize the original allele of the Bar gene (B[1]) that is carried on FM7 and validate the hypothesis that the origin and subsequent reversion of the B1 duplication is mediated by unequal exchange. Our results reject a simple non-recombining, clonal mode for the laboratory evolution of balancer chromosomes and have implications for how balancer chromosomes should be used in the design and interpretation of genetic experiments in Drosophila.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures, 4 supplemental files available on request
title: Chronic pelvic pain in women – pictorial review
Creators: name: Cunha, Teresa Margarida
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Diverticula
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a common problem and presents a major challenge to health care providers because of its unclear etiology, complex natural history, and poor response to therapy. There are multiple and varied causes for CPP, and so this...
title: The special kind of wrist overuse injury in sonographer:trapezium stress fracture
Creators: name: Park, Dalsu
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: MR
subject: Trauma
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this exhibition is 1.To understand about acute onset sonogerapher's wrist pain and overuse injury. 2.To defict characteristic and diagnostic imaging feature of stress fracture in trepezium. 3. To described appopriated time to follow...
Ethyl alcohol and sugar in comet C/2014Q2 (Lovejoy)
Creators: name: Biver, Nicolas
name: Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique
name: Moreno, Raphaël
name: Crovisier, Jacques
name: Colom, Pierre
name: Lis, Dariusz C.
name: Sandqvist, Aage
name: Boissier, Jérémie
name: Despois, Didier
name: Milam, Stefanie N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of numerous complex organic molecules (COMs; defined as those containing six or more atoms) around protostars shows that star formation is accompanied by an increase of molecular complexity. These COMs may be part of the material from which planetesimals and, ultimately, planets formed. Comets represent some of the oldest and most primitive material in the solar system, including ices, and are thus our best window into the volatile composition of the solar protoplanetary disk. Molecules identified to be present in cometary ices include water, simple hydrocarbons, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen-bearing species, as well as a few COMs, such as ethylene glycol and glycine. We report the detection of 21 molecules in comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy), including the first identification of ethyl alcohol (ethanol, C2H5OH) and the simplest monosaccharide sugar glycolaldehyde (CH2OHCHO) in a comet. The abundances of ethanol and glycolaldehyde, respectively 5 and 0.8% relative to methanol (0.12 and 0.02% relative to water), are somewhat higher than the values measured in solar- type protostars. Overall, the high abundance of COMs in cometary ices supports the formation through grain-surface reactions in the solar system protoplanetary disk.
Addictive eating and functional MRI: A Systematic review
Creators: name: Pursey, Kirrilly
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Food addiction

description: Condition or domain being studied There is rapidly growing interest in the food addiction construct both in the scientific community and general population. Reward networks in the brain have been suggested to be involved in the development and/or maintenance of addictive eating behaviours. However, obesity has often been used as a proxy to assess addictive eating rather than a validated assessment tool, which may lead to variability across published studies. Yale Food Addiction Scale is a validated tool specifically developed to assess addictive eating. This tool has been used in combination with neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI to provide insight into brain activity associated with addictive eating symptomatology. It is timely to synthesise existing evidence regarding neural responses associated addictive eating to better understand the neurobiology associated with the phenomenon and identify potential gaps in the research. This systematic review aims to synthesise published studies using task related fMRI to assess neural responses associated with addictive eating, as assessed by the YFAS.
title: 3.0 T MRI tractography of lumbar nerve roots in disc herniation
Creators: name: Li, Chuanting
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Hernia

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The goal of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of 3.0 T MRI fibre tracking in the lumbar nerve roots, and to assess potential differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of L4, L5 and S1 nerves...
Beyond packing of hard spheres: The effects of core softness, non-additivity, intermediate-range repulsion, and many-body interactions on the glass-forming ability of bulk metallic glasses
Creators: name: Zhang, Kai
name: Fan, Meng
name: Liu, Yanhui
name: Schroers, Jan
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a liquid is cooled well below its melting temperature at a rate that exceeds the critical cooling rate $R_c$, the crystalline state is bypassed and an amorphous glassy state forms instead. $R_c$ (or the corresponding critical casting thickness $d_c$) characterizes the glass-forming ability (GFA) of each material. While silica is an excellent glass-former with small $R_c<10^{-2}$ K/s, pure metals and most alloys are poor glass-formers with large $R_c>10^{10}$ K/s. Only in the past thirty years have bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) been identified with $R_c$ approaching that for silica. Recent simulations have shown that hard-sphere models are able to identify the atomic size ratio and number fraction regime where BMGs exist with critical cooling rates more than 13 orders of magnitude smaller than those for pure metals. However, there are many other features of interatomic potentials beyond hard-core interactions. How do these other features affect the glass-forming ability of BMGs? We perform molecular dynamics simulations to determine how variations in the softness and non-additivity of the repulsive core and form of the interatomic pair potential at intermediate distances affect the GFA of binary alloys. These variations in the interatomic pair potential allow us to introduce geometric frustration and change the crystal phases that compete with glass formation. We also investigate the effect of tuning the strength of the many-body interactions from zero to the full embedded atom model on the GFA for pure metals. We then employ the full embedded atom model for binary BMGs and show that hard-core interactions play the dominant role in setting the GFA of alloys, while other features of the interatomic potential only change the GFA by one to two orders of magnitude.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order in bacterial vortex lattices
Creators: name: Wioland, Hugo
name: Woodhouse, Francis G.
name: Dunkel, Jörn
name: Goldstein, Raymond E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Despite their inherent non-equilibrium nature, living systems can self-organize in highly ordered collective states that share striking similarities with the thermodynamic equilibrium phases of conventional condensed matter and fluid systems. Examples range from the liquid-crystal-like arrangements of bacterial colonies, microbial suspensions and tissues to the coherent macro-scale dynamics in schools of fish and flocks of birds. Yet, the generic mathematical principles that govern the emergence of structure in such artificial and biological systems are elusive. It is not clear when, or even whether, well-established theoretical concepts describing universal thermostatistics of equilibrium systems can capture and classify ordered states of living matter. Here, we connect these two previously disparate regimes: Through microfluidic experiments and mathematical modelling, we demonstrate that lattices of hydrodynamically coupled bacterial vortices can spontaneously organize into distinct phases of ferro- and antiferromagnetic order. The preferred phase can be controlled by tuning the vortex coupling through changes of the inter-cavity gap widths. The emergence of opposing order regimes is tightly linked to the existence of geometry-induced edge currents, reminiscent of those in quantum systems. Our experimental observations can be rationalized in terms of a generic lattice field theory, suggesting that bacterial spin networks belong to the same universality class as a wide range of equilibrium systems.
description: Original journal submission; revised version in press at Nature Physics. (19 pages, 8 figures)
Tuberculosis in the Qu’Appelle Agency: 1885-1926
Creators: name: Zverev, Igor
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: population health
epidemiology
tuberculosis
Indigenous peoples
agent-based modelling
social determinants of health

description: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the fact that the total burden of TB has decreased dramatically, the distribution of that burden across the Canadian population has not changed. A century ago, the Indigenous population of Canada had a significantly higher TB mortality than the non-Indigenous population. This gap still exists today. TB is a disease of poverty, and understanding the role of the social determinants of health (SDH) may provide insights into the causes of persistence of TB in the Indigenous population. Research questions: This thesis tackles three questions: 1) Can a TB outbreak that took place over a century ago be reconstructed? 2) What can we learn about the relationship between the disease, the population it afflicted, and the environment in which the outbreak took place? 3) How can reconstruction of a TB outbreak be used to evaluate policy interventions? Area studied: Analyses were limited to the Qu’Appelle Agency, located in Southeastern Saskatchewan. Methodology: An agent-based model of socioeconomic environment of the Qu’Appelle Agency was developed to study the relationship between TB and SDH. Data on TB mortality, demographics, agricultural production, material circumstances, and economic factors of production were used to study the relationship between TB and SDH at the aggregate level. Results: 1) Extensive aggregate data analyses were carried out and an agent-based model of TB transmission and of the socioeconomic environment of the Qu’Appelle Agency was developed. 2) Results of these analyses identify a number of important parameters responsible for the high TB mortality in the Agency. These parameters include biological factors, housing, social characteristics, agricultural output, and policies of the Department of Indian Affairs. Conclusions: This research demonstrates that reconstruction of an outbreak of an infectious disease that took place over a century ago is a complex undertaking that hinges on availability of data and significant expertise in a variety of fields, such as health sciences, economics, mathematics, and modelling approaches. The further one goes into the past, the more one is forced to rely on assumptions, which make the reconstructed web of relationships between agent, host, and environment that caused the outbreak less certain. Despite the inherent uncertainty, the process of outbreak reconstruction provides a deep and multi-faceted understanding of the interactions among the agent, the host, and the environment. The resulting model is a useful way of studying policy interventions that could be applied in other contexts as well – to other infectious diseases or TB outbreaks on other reserves. Keywords: [population health, epidemiology, tuberculosis, Indigenous peoples, agent-based modelling, social determinants of health]
Gone to seek a fortune in North Carolina: the failed Scottish Highland emigration of 1884
Creators: name: Caudill, William Samuel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In 1884, promoters in Scotland and North Carolina recruited a group of at least 180 Highland Scots to settle in the Scottish-American community of southeastern North Carolina. At the time, the North Carolina settlement (which had been established almost 150 years earlier) was the largest concentrated group of Highland Scots in North America. the 1884 emigration - which proved to be the last organized emigration of Highland Scots to North Carolina - was motivated by desires both to assist impoverished Highland crofters in Scotland, and to reinvigorate North Carolina's Scottish-American settlement with an ethnically attractive labor force. Conflicting expectations among the emigrants and their hosts, however, quickly led to the emigrations failure. This thesis draws upon primary, secondary, and oral sources to provide a comprehensive historical chronicle of this relatively unknown emigration. In so doing, it explores the many meanings that this event - and its memories - held among members of the affected communities.
Super Riemann Surfaces and the Super Conformal Action Functional
Creators: name: Keßler, Enno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Riemann surfaces are two-dimensional manifolds with a conformal class of metrics. It is well known that the harmonic action functional and harmonic maps are tools to study the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. Super Riemann surfaces are an analogue of Riemann surfaces in the world of super geometry. After a short introduction to super differential geometry we will compare Riemann surfaces and super Riemann surfaces. We will see that super Riemann surfaces can be viewed as Riemann surfaces with an additional field, the gravitino. An extension of the harmonic action functional to super Riemann surfaces is presented and applications to the moduli space of super Riemann surfaces are considered.
description: To appear in "Quantum Mathematical Physics", Conference Proceedings, Regensburg 2014
title: Histological evaluation of realtime-elastography targeted biopsy specimen of the prostate: impact on prostate cancer detection
Creators: name: De Zordo, Tobias
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Biopsy

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignacy in men of the Western world. About 1 man in 6 will be diagnosed with PCa during his lifetime. Realtime-elastography (RTE) has been shown to be able to demonstrate PCa due to the increased...
Curious to Eat Insects? Curiosity as a Key Predictor of Willingness to Try Novel Food.
Creators: name: Stone, Hannah
name: FitzGibbon, Lily
name: Millan, Elena
name: Murayama, Kou
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Data repository
Information transfer in community structured multiplex networks
Creators: name: Solé-Ribalta, Albert
name: Granell, Clara
name: Gómez, Sergio
name: Arenas, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The study of complex networks that account for different types of interactions has become a subject of interest in the last few years, specially because its representational power in the description of users interactions in diverse online social platforms (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc.). The mathematical description of these interacting networks has been coined under the name of multilayer networks, where each layer accounts for a type of interaction. It has been shown that diffusive processes on top of these networks present a phenomenology that cannot be explained by the naive superposition of single layer diffusive phenomena but require the whole structure of interconnected layers. Nevertheless, the description of diffusive phenomena on multilayer networks has obviated the fact that social networks have strong mesoscopic structure represented by different communities of individuals driven by common interests, or any other social aspect. In this work, we study the transfer of information in multilayer networks with community structure. The final goal is to understand and quantify, if the existence of well-defined community structure at the level of individual layers, together with the multilayer structure of the whole network, enhances or deteriorates the diffusion of packets of information.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Microgenomics in ameloblastoma
Creators: name: DeVilliers, Patricia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Ameloblastoma, the second most common tumor arising from odontogenic epithelium of the jawbones, is characterized by a benign but locally invasive behavior with a high risk of recurrence. RNA was isolated and amplified from laser capture microdissected (AutoPix™) epithelial cells from five samples of formalin fixed decalcified paraffin embedded, (FFDPE) ameloblastoma tissue. The aminoallyl antisense RNA (aa-aRNA) was hybridized to 40,000-oligonucleotide expression microarrays and compared with Human Universal Reference RNA. Of the 210 significantly over-expressed genes, many were previously associated with tumor development, including Ras, cMic, Fos, WNT10A, FGF13 and T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1. Other genes associated with tumor progression were also noted including Integrins, IL-17 , Spondin 2 and Beta adrenergic receptor kinase 2. Finally polymerase (DNA directed) gamma 2 , a DNA-repair gene product, was also up-regulated in ameloblastoma.
title: Three Dimensional CT Classification to Predict Neurological Deficits in Thoracolumbar Spine Burst Fractures
Creators: name: Moon, Tae-Yong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Emergency
subject: Trauma
subject: Acute

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To determinate the reliable three dimensional (3D) CT classification predicting neurological deficits in thoracolumbar spine...
Anolacia GRAY 1857
Creators: name: Kantor, Yu. I.
name: Fedosov, A. E.
name: Puillandre, N.
name: Bonillo, C.
name: Bouchet, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Ancillariidae
Anolacia

description: GENUS ANOLACIA GRAY, 1857 (3)
Type species: Ancilla mauritiana G.B. Sowerby I, 1830; M.
Remarks: Anatomy and radular characters remain unknown; therefore, the validity of the genus is uncertain.
description: Published as part of Kantor, Yu. I., Fedosov, A. E., Puillandre, N., Bonillo, C. & Bouchet, P., 2017, Returning to the roots: morphology, molecular phylogeny and classification of the Olivoidea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda), pp. 493-541 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 180 on page 531
The evolution of neutral gas in damped Lyman $α$ systems from the XQ-100 survey
Creators: name: Sánchez-Ramírez, R.
name: Ellison, S. L.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Berg, T. A. M.
name: López, S.
name: D'Odorico, V.
name: Becker, G. D.
name: Christensen, L.
name: Cupani, G.
name: Denney, K. D.
name: Pâris, I.
name: Worseck, G.
name: Gorosabel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of 38 intervening Damped Lyman $α$ (DLA) systems identified towards 100 $z>3.5$ quasars, observed during the XQ-100 survey. The XQ-100 DLA sample is combined with major DLA surveys in the literature. The final combined sample consists of 742 DLAs over a redshift range approximately $1.6 < z_{\rm abs} < 5.0$. We develop a novel technique for computing $Ω_{\rm HI}^{\rm DLA}$ as a continuous function of redshift, and we thoroughly assess and quantify the sources of error therein, including fitting errors and incomplete sampling of the high column density end of the column density distribution function. There is a statistically significant redshift evolution in $Ω_{\rm HI}^{\rm DLA}$ ($\geq 3 σ$) from $z \sim 2$ to $z \sim$ 5. In order to make a complete assessment of the redshift evolution of $Ω_{\rm HI}$, we combine our high redshift DLA sample with absorption surveys at intermediate redshift and 21cm emission line surveys of the local universe. Although $Ω_{\rm HI}^{\rm DLA}$, and hence its redshift evolution, remains uncertain in the intermediate redshift regime ($0.1 < z_{\rm abs} < 1.6$), we find that the combination of high redshift data with 21cm surveys of the local universe all yield a statistically significant evolution in $Ω_{\rm HI}$ from $z \sim 0$ to $z \sim 5$ ($\geq 3 σ$). Despite its statistical significance, the magnitude of the evolution is small: a linear regression fit between $Ω_{\rm HI}$ and $z$ yields a typical slope of $\sim$0.17$\times 10^{-3}$, corresponding to a factor of $\sim$ 4 decrease in $Ω_{\rm HI}$ between $z=5$ and $z=0$.
description: Submitted to MNRAS, this version follows the referee's report and minor revisions. Large tables are included in the source file tarball
title: 55. Jahrestagung DGQ: Qualität 2030: Produktqualität in Zeiten des globalen Wandels; 22./23. März 2022, Universität Hohenheim (Online-Veranstaltung)
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 469
title: Wirbeltierforschung in der Kulturlandschaft - Grundlagen und Anwendung : Zur Verabschiedung von Dr. Hans-Joachim Pelz in den Ruhestand
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Inst., Bundesforschungsinst. für Kulturpflanzen
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 421
On predictors of misconceptions about educational topics: a case of topic specificity
Creators: name: Asberger, Jana
name: Thomm, Eva
name: Bauer, Johannes
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Teacher Education and Professional Development
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Higher Education
subject: misconceptions
subject: predictors
subject: preservice teachers

description: A large variety of misconceptions about learning, teaching, and other educational topics is prevalent in the public, but also among educational professionals. The present study surveyed students from educational and non-educational fields of study to investigate whether the endorsement of four typical educational misconceptions can be predicted by study-related variables (i.e., field of study and study progress) and by students’ cognitive ability (i.e., numeracy), epistemic orientations, as well as general world views (i.e., conservative orientation) and education-related values (i.e., educational goals). A sample of N = 315 undergraduates of teacher education, education-related, and non-educational fields of study completed an online survey.
title: Correlation of ultrasonic morphology of atherosclerotic plaques with degree of carotid stenosis
Creators: name: Yokubov, Kamoliddin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The atherosclerosis is a serious problem in modern medicine because of the prevalence, high death rate and physical inability, and also insufficiency of accurate representations about pathogenetic mechanisms. Because atherosclerosis progresses...
Uncertainty principle for experimental measurements: Fast versus slow probes
Creators: name: Hansmann, Philipp
name: Ayral, Thomas
name: Tejeda, Antonio
name: Biermann, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The result of a physical measurement depends on the timescale of the experimental probe. In solid-state systems, this simple quantum mechanical principle has far-reaching consequences: the interplay of several degrees of freedom close to charge, spin or orbital instabilities combined with the disparity of the time scales associated to their fluctuations can lead to seemingly contradictory experimental findings. A particularly striking example is provided by systems of adatoms adsorbed on semiconductor surfaces where different experiments -- angle-resolved photoemission, scanning tunneling microscopy and core-level spectroscopy -- suggest different ordering phenomena. Using most recent first principles many-body techniques, we resolve this puzzle by invoking the time scales of fluctuations when approaching the different instabilities. These findings suggest a re-interpretation of ordering phenomena and their fluctuations in a wide class of solid-state systems ranging from organic materials to high-temperature superconducting cuprates.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization: NPY signaling and histone acetylation in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of DBA/2J mice
Creators: name: Sprow, Gretchen Marie
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Recent evidence indicates that neuropeptide Y (NPY) signaling modulates ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization. Additionally, a growing body of literature suggests that epigenetic mechanisms, including histone acetylation, may play important roles in drug addiction. In the present study, we used immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the expression of both NPY and the acetylation of histones H3 and H4 in the nucleus accumbens and striatum following the induction of locomotor sensitization. Mice sensitized to the locomotor stimulant effects of ethanol displayed increases in NPY in the dorsolateral striatum and increases in acetylated H3 in the nucleus accumbens shell. Interestingly, mice that received an acute injection of ethanol displayed decreases in NPY specific to the core of the nucleus accumbens. Finally, peripheral administration of Tricostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, augmented the acquisition, but not the expression, of locomotor sensitization. The present observations indicate involvement of NPY and histone acetylation in ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization.
[Book Review] Human scale
Creators: name: Alexander, Don
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Social problems--United States
subject: Technology--Social aspects--United States
subject: Technofix

description: Book review
description: Review of the book "Human scale" by Kirkpatrick Sale (New York: Putnam, 1980).
description: The following book review originally appeared as: Alexander, D. (1983). [Review of the book Human scale by K. Sale]. Probe Post, [6(3)]. Probe Post was the quarterly magazine of The Pollution Probe Foundation from 1978-1991. More information about the organization can be found at: www.pollutionprobe.org.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5142/Alexander.HumanScale.pdf?sequence=3
Three-point correlation functions from pulsating strings in AdS$_5\times S^5$
Creators: name: Arnaudov, D.
name: Rashkov, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most important problems in any conformal field theory is the calculation of three-point functions of primary operators. In this paper we provide explicit examples of correlators with two scalar operators in $\,{\cal N}=4$ super-Yang--Mills theory at large $N$, corresponding to pulsating semiclassical strings in AdS$_5\times S^5$, and an operator with small quantum numbers at strong coupling.
description: 12 pages, no figures, improvements made
Home is where the heart is
Creators: name: Maxwell, Judith
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Home--Canada
subject: Work and family--Canada
subject: Work-life balance--Canada
subject: Sociology, Urban--Canada

description: The form and function of homes are changing as Canadians adapt to new technologies, new patterns of work, and new family structures. Families cannot function well without a home. But homes cannot function unless they are nested in liveable cities and supported in appropriate ways by the market and the state. Trends in recent decades have made it possible for some people to integrate their lives by working at home. But too many families are overburdened, leading to the distinct possibility that we are poisoning our own future by failing to establish new premises about the relationships between work, family, state and the liveability of our cities.
description: La forme et la fonction des foyers subissent des transformations découlant de nouvelles technologies, de nouvelles méthodes de travail et de nouvelles structures familiales. Une famille sans foyer ne peut fonctionner correctement. Un foyer nécessite une communauté viable et le soutien du marché et de l'Etat. Depuis quelque temps, il est possible, pour certaines personnes, d'intégrer leur travail dans leur foyer en travaillant à la maison. Toutefois, trop de familles sont débordées et laissent présager une détérioration future si nous n'initions pas de nouveaux modes d'interaction des familles, du travail et de l'autorité et si nous n'encourageons pas la viabilité des villes.
description: Abstract in English and French; text in French
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5199/Article001.pdf?sequence=3
Emotional framing and the effectiveness of corrective information
Creators: name: Stöckle, Pirmin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: emotions
subject: misinformation

description: Concerns about various forms of misinformation and its fast dissemination through online media have generated huge interest into ways to effectively correct false claims. An under-explored mechanism in this research is the role of distinct emotions. Specifically, I focus on the emotion of disgust, which has been shown to be linked to the moralization of attitudes, which in turn reduces the impact of empirical evidence on attitudes and makes compromise less likely. I hypothesize that (i) emotionally framed misinformation is able to induce disgust and moralize attitudes, (ii) that this effect endures in the face of neutral correction even if the factual misperception is corrected, and (iii) that an emotional counter-frame reduces this enduring effect of the original frame. I implement a pre-registered survey experiment within a panel study based on a probability sample of the general population in Germany. Substantively, I investigate the issue of genetically modified (GM) food, an issue where public misperceptions are widespread. This study provides evidence on the effect of emotionally charged disinformation on perceptions of GM food, and ways to effectively correct false claims. In a broader perspective, these results inform further studies and policy interventions on other issues where disinformation loads on strong emotions, ranging from social policy over immigration to health interventions such as vaccinations.
Primary teachers’ beliefs on the role of play in early childhood education
Creators: name: Smith, Katie M.
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Early childhood education—Activity programs

description: The purpose of the current study was to gather primary teachers’ beliefs about the role of play in early childhood education. In order to gather these beliefs, all primary teachers in School District 70 (Port Alberni) were given a multi-method survey to complete (Appendix A). The surveys were distributed in October of 2011 and teachers were given two weeks to complete and return the survey. Ten out of a possible twenty-seven surveys were collected from primary teachers in Port Alberni. The data that was collected demonstrated strong beliefs in the importance of play in early childhood education. All responding teachers reported the benefits of play to the child as a whole as well as their education. Many early childhood educators in Port Alberni believe play to be an integral part of early childhood education.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5207/Smith.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
Optimum Transmission Through the Multiple-Antenna Gaussian Multiple Access Channel
Creators: name: Calabuig, Daniel
name: Gohary, Ramy H.
name: Yanikomeroglu, Halim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the optimal points in the capacity region of Gaussian multiple access channels (GMACs) with constant fading, multiple antennas and various power constraints. The points of interest maximize general rate objectives that arise in practical communication scenarios. Achieving these points constitutes the task of jointly optimizing the time-sharing parameters, the input covariance matrices and the order of decoding used by the successive interference cancellation receiver. To approach this problem, Carathéodory's theorem is invoked to represent time-sharing and decoding orders jointly as a finite-dimensional matrix variable. This variable enables us to use variational inequalities to extend results pertaining to problems with linear rate objectives to more general, potentially nonconvex, problems, and to obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the optimality of the transmission parameters in a wide range of problems. Using the insights gained from this condition, we develop and analyze the convergence of an algorithm for solving, otherwise daunting, GMAC-based optimization problems.
description: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2015