cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Race/Sex Group Modification of the Association between Allostatic Load and Depression: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010
Creators: name: Bey, Ganga
name: Person, Sharina D.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Objective: We assessed whether the relationship between depression and chronic stress as measured in allostatic load (AL) differs by race and sex among US black and white adults.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2010, we examined race/sex modification of the relationship between AL and depression in black and white women and men aged 18-64 years (n=6431). AL scores, ranging from 0-9, were calculated using 9 cardiovascular, metabolic, and immunologic biomarkers; scores ≥ 4 were considered “high-risk”. Depression was assessed using the PHQ-9; scores ≥ 10 indicate clinical depression. Logistic regression models estimated odds of elevated depressive symptoms as a function of AL for each race/sex group; age and socioeconomic status were included as covariates in each model. All analyses were weighted to represent U.S. adults.

Results: The association between AL and depression was strongest among white women (OR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.5, 3.0), followed by black men (OR=1.7 95% CI: 1.0, 2.9), and not statistically significant among black women (OR=1.1 95% CI: .60, 2.0) or white men (OR=1.4 95% CI: .82, 2.5).

Conclusions: Our findings that the association between AL and depression was strongest and statistically significant only among white women and black men despite black women having the highest mean AL and depression scores suggests a measure of psychological resistance to chronic stress among those coping with intersecting pressures of systemic race and gender-based discrimination. These results also suggest that social inequality may shape the manner in which chronic stress is expressed. Further research should explore other potential racialized and gendered manifestations of chronic stress in order to better understand social factors influencing health inequity.
Some New Symmetric Identities for the q-Zeta Type Functions
Creators: name: Araci, Serkan
name: Bagdasaryan, Armen
name: Ozel, Cenap
name: Srivastava, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B68, 11S80, 11M06

description: The main object of this paper is to obtain several symmetric properties of the q-Zeta type functions. As applications of these properties, we give some new interesting identities for the modified q-Genocchi polynomials. Finally, our applications are shown to lead to a number of interesting results which we state in the present paper.
description: 8 pages; submitted
title: Identification of GDF-6 blocking antibodies as anti-melanoma therapeutics
Creators: name: Monir, Ejemel
name: Wisheart, Danielle
name: Gramann, Alec
name: Venkatesan, Arvind
name: Klempner, Mark S.
name: Ceol, Craig J.
name: Wang, Yang
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Through comparative oncogenomic studies and functional analyses, we have identified the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) factor GDF6 as a new melanoma oncogene. The secreted, carboxy-terminal portion of GDF6 is the active form that binds to cell-surface receptors to initiate BMP signaling. Targeted antibodies directed against secreted proteins are a proven therapeutic modality in several diseases.

To develop therapeutic antibodies against the active form of GDF6, we generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Due to the high similarity of human and mouse GDF6 proteins, the C-terminal GDF6 protein was expressed as bacterial recombinant protein with fusion tags to enhance immunogenicity. The Expresso Screening System (Lucigen) was used to select fusion tags, and MBP and SlyD were chosen for optimal protein solubility and purification recovery. Ten CD1 mice were immunized with GDF6-MBP fusion protein and robust immune responses were observed in all animals after 5 immunizations. Animals were sacrificed for hybridoma fusion, and hybridoma clones were screened by ELISA using GDF6-SlyD fusion protein to select clones with specific binding activity to GDF6. Over 70 monoclonal antibodies were identified with strong reactivity to GDF6, and a subset has been shown to recognize the endogenous, secreted form of GDF6 via western blot. These antibodies will be screened for their activity to block GDF6 binding to melanoma cells and ability to inhibit downstream signaling using both in vitro assays and in vivo xenograft models.
title: Макетирование источника вторичного электропитания с гистерезисным управлением
Creators: name: Иванов, А.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В данной статье описывается макет источника вторичного электропитания с гистерезисным управлением. Приводятся характеристики работы макета. Проводится анализ осциллограмм входного и выходного напряжений источника, сигналов управления.
title: Anthelminthic Screening for Parasitic Nematodes
Creators: name: Mostafa, Elfawal A.
name: Lawler, Dan
name: Albrecht, Dirk
name: Aroian, Raffi V.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: For many parasitic diseases, high-throughput phenotypic screening is an important tool in finding new drugs. Some of the most important parasitic diseases are caused by nematodes. However, these parasitic nematodes are not typically amenable to high throughput screening. Due to the ease of its maintenance and suitability for high throughput assay, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is instead used. To address whether C. elegans is a good model for nematode drug discovery, we compared the drug susceptibility of C. elegans relative to the human hookworm nematode parasite Ancylostoma ceylanicum at several developmental stages using a library of FDA approved drugs. I will present results of these studies that point to how well C. elegans efficacy correlates with hookworm efficacy and how early larval stages (easier to get) correlated with adult stages (more representative of what stage is targeted in human therapy). In addition, we are working on moderate-high throughput system for screening adult parasites. Murine Holigmosomoides polygyrus is a good model for human parasitic nematodes. Using Union Biometrica, Copas, worm sorter we were able to sort H. polygyrus into 384 well format. Here I will discuss the capabilities of this system as well as how we are building de novo, in collaboration with the Albrecht laboratory at WPI, an imaging and image analysis platform for screening adult stages of this parasite against large drug libraries.
Insights into the High Temperature Superconducting Cuprates from Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
Creators: name: Dean, M. P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent improvements in instrumentation have established resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) as a valuable new probe of the magnetic excitations in the cuprates. This article introduces RIXS, focusing on the Cu $L_3$ resonance, and reviews recent experiments using this technique. These are discussed in light of other experimental probes such as inelastic neutron scattering and Raman scattering. The success of these studies has motivated the development of several new RIXS spectrometers at synchrotrons around the world that promise, among other improvements, 5-10 times better energy resolution. We finish by outlining several key areas which hold promise for further important discoveries in this emerging field.
description: See http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304885314002868; 12 pages, 9 figures; overview article outlining recent Cu L-edge measurements of the magnetic excitations in the cuprates
title: Pin-фотодиод ик-диапазона на основе гетероэпитаксиальной структуры InP/InGaAs
Creators: name: Васильев, А.
name: Логинов, А.
name: Воропаев, К.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В рамках данной работы было проведено исследование по получению PIN-фотодиодов ИК-диапазона, сформированных на пластинах, содержащих гетероэпитаксиальную структуру InP/InGaAs. В работе приведены результаты измерений параметров спектральной чувствительности реальных фотодиодов.
title: Herpes Zoster and Cardiovascular Events in Adults: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Erskine, Nathaniel A.
name: Tran, Hoang
name: Levin, Len L.
name: Ulbricht, Christine M.
name: Fingeroth, Joyce D.
name: Kiefe, Catarina I.
name: Goldberg, Robert J.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Stroke and myocardial infarction have been reported to occur after the development of herpes zoster (shingles), a common and preventable disease.

Purpose: To evaluate literature describing the association between herpes zoster and its subtypes with the occurrence of cardiovascular events.

Data Sources: PubMed, SCOPUS (Embase), OAIster, Google Scholar (searched in January 2016)

Study Selection: Studies published up to January 2016 examining the association between herpes zoster or subtype of herpes zoster with the occurrence of cardiovascular events, including stroke, transient ischemic attack, or an acute coronary event, were selected. Case reports, case studies, and studies of non-general adult populations were excluded.

Data Extraction: Data from studies meeting criteria were abstracted on a standardized form, and evaluated following modified set of standard guidelines.

Data Synthesis: Nine published articles, with study populations ranging from 2,632 to 4,620,980 patients, met our pre-defined eligibility criteria. Eight studies found at least one positive association between herpes zoster type unspecified and subsequent stroke, transient ischemic attack, or an acute coronary event. Five studies found positive associations between herpes zoster ophthalmicus and stroke or myocardial infarction. Subgroup analyses from three studies were inconsistent regarding the association of cardiovascular events with receipt of antiviral therapy for herpes zoster.

Limitations: Excludes non-English publications and non-published evidence.

Conclusions: A small number of studies showed greater risks of stroke, transient ischemic attack, and acute cardiac events following the development of herpes zoster and herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Further prospective studies should develop strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with herpes zoster.
Rapid Hierarchical Inference of Neutron Star Equation of State from multiple Gravitational Wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Coalescences
Creators: name: Ray, Anarya
name: Camilo, Michael
name: Creighton, Jolien
name: Ghosh, Shaon
name: Morisaki, Soichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian hierarchical inference of phenomenological parameterized neutron star equations of state (EoS) from multiple gravitational wave observations of binary neutron star mergers is of fundamental importance in improving our understanding of neutron star structure, the general properties of matter at supra nuclear densities and the strong nuclear force. However, such an analysis is computationally costly as it is unable to re-use single-event EoS agnostic parameter estimation runs that are carried out regardless for generating gravitational wave transient catalogs. With the number of events expected to be observable during the 4th observing run (O4) of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, this problem can only be expected to worsen. We develop a novel and robust algorithm for rapid and computationally cheap hierarchical inference of parameterized EoSs from gravitational wave data which re-uses single event EoS agnostic parameter estimation samples to significantly reduce computational cost. We efficiently include a priori knowledge of neutron star physics as Bayesian priors on the EoS parameters. The high speed and low computational cost of our method allow for efficient re-computation of EoS inference every time a new binary neutron star event is discovered or whenever new observations and theoretical discoveries change the prior on EoS parameters. We test our method on both real and simulated gravitational wave data to demonstrate its accuracy. We show that our computationally cheap method produces EoS constraints that are completely consistent with existing analysis for real data, the chosen fiducial EoS for simulated data. Armed with our fast analysis scheme, we also study the variability of EoS constraints with binary neutron star properties for sets of simulated events drawn in different signal-to-noise ratio and mass ranges.
Present and Future K and B Meson Mixing Constraints on TeV Scale Left-Right Symmetry
Creators: name: Bertolini, Stefano
name: Maiezza, Alessio
name: Nesti, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the $ΔF=2$ transitions in the $K$ and $B_{d,s}$ neutral meson systems in the context of the minimal Left-Right symmetric model. We take into account, in addition to up-to-date phenomenological data, the contributions related to the renormalization of the flavor-changing neutral Higgs tree-level amplitude. These contributions were neglected in recent discussions, albeit formally needed in order to obtain a gauge independent result. Their impact on the minimal LR model is crucial and twofold. First, the effects are relevant in $B$ meson oscillations, for both CP conserving and CP violating observables, so that for the first time these imply constraints on the LR scenario which compete with those of the $K$ sector (plagued by long-distance uncertainties). Second, they sizably contribute to the indirect kaon CP violation parameter $\varepsilon$. We discuss the bounds from $B$ and $K$ mesons in both cases of LR symmetry: generalized parity ($\mathcal P$) and charge conjugation ($\mathcal C$). In the case of $\mathcal P$, the interplay between the CP-violation parameters $\varepsilon$ and $\varepsilon'$ leads us to rule out the regime of very hierarchical bidoublet vacuum expectation values $v_2/v_1
description: Refs added + comments
title: The impact of changing guidelines on prostate cancer screening in a population-based setting, 2000-2014
Creators: name: Frendl, Daniel M.
name: Epstein, Mara M.
name: Fouayzi, Hassan
name: Krajenta, Richard
name: Rybicki, Benjamin A.
name: Sokoloff, Mitchell H.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: This study evaluates the potential impact of the publication of conflicting prostate cancer (PCa) screening trial results in 2009 and changes to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines to recommend against screening in 2012 on temporal trends in PSA testing at two participating sites in the NCI-funded Cancer Research Network.

Methods: Study participants were men aged 40-80 without a history of PCa who sought care at Fallon Health (Worcester, MA) or Henry Ford Health System (Detroit, MI) between 2000-2014. We used health claims and electronic health record data to identify men who underwent PSA testing per calendar year. We also examined trends in PSA testing among high-risk men (African-American, family history of PCa). Testing rates were compared between 2000-2008, 2009-2012, and 2013-2014.

Results: From a population of 279,350 eligible men, 133,038 (48%) had at least one PSA test during the study period. Mean age at PSA test was 57 years, which increased over time at both sites. Overall, PSA testing rates rose between 2000-2008 (27-32% of eligible men per year), but declined between 2009-2012 (25% of eligible men). Testing rates declined further in 2013-2014 (23% of eligible men). We observed similar rates of decline in testing for men aged 55-69 and those aged ≥70. High-risk men were less likely to be screened across all time periods, although data was limited.

Conclusions: This analysis of two population-based electronic health datasets provides evidence of a recent decrease in PSA testing, following an increase in the early 2000s. Although we are unable to determine causality, it is plausible that results of recent screening trials and/or changes to the USPSTF guidelines have impacted PSA testing practices over the past 14 years.
title: Расчёт диаграмм состояния бинарных растворов As-Te и As-Tb в рамках обобщённой решёточной модели
Creators: name: Герасимов, Н.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: На основе обобщённой решёточной модели описаны моновариантные фазовые равновесия в бинарных растворах As-Te и As-Tb. Найдены параметры обобщённой решёточной модели для указанных систем, выполнен расчёт диаграмм состояния бинарных растворов As-Te и As-Tb во всей области концентраций.
Self-diffusion and shear viscosity for the TIP4P/Ice water model
Creators: name: Baran, Łukasz
name: Rżysko, Wojciech
name: MacDowell, Luis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With an ever-increasing interest in water properties, many intermolecular force fields have been proposed to describe the behavior of water. Unfortunately, good models for liquid water usually cannot provide simultaneously an accurate melting point for ice. For this reason, the TIP4P/Ice model was developed at targeting the melting point, and has become the preferred choice for simulating ice at coexistence. Unfortunately, available data for its dynamic properties in the liquid state are scarce. Therefore, we demonstrate a series of simulations aimed at the calculation of transport coefficients for the TIP4P/Ice model over a large range of thermodynamic conditions, ranging from $T=245$ K to $T=350$ K for the temperature and from $p=0$ to $p=500$ MPa for the pressure. We have found that the self-diffusion (shear viscosity) exhibits smaller (increased) values than TIP4P/2005 and experiments. However, rescaling the temperature with respect to the triple point temperature as in a corresponding states plot we find TIP4P/Ice compares very well with TIP4P/2005 and to experiment. Such observations allow us to infer that despite the different original purposes of these two models examined here, one can benefit from a vast number of reports regarding the behavior of transport coefficients for the TIP4P/2005 model and utilize them following the routine described in this paper.
Responsibility for Public Safety and the Obligation of Client Confidentiality (adapted from NSPE Case No. 90-5)
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Confidentiality
Engineer/Client Relationships
Ethics and Society
Public Well-being
Research and Practice
Risk
Safety
Social Justice
Social Responsibility
Workplace Ethics

description: Tenants sue their building's owner, and the owner employs an engineer who finds structural defects not mentioned in the tenants' lawsuit. Issues of public safety versus client confidentiality.
Verifying Monadic Second-Order Properties of Graph Programs
Creators: name: Poskitt, Christopher M.
name: Plump, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The core challenge in a Hoare- or Dijkstra-style proof system for graph programs is in defining a weakest liberal precondition construction with respect to a rule and a postcondition. Previous work addressing this has focused on assertion languages for first-order properties, which are unable to express important global properties of graphs such as acyclicity, connectedness, or existence of paths. In this paper, we extend the nested graph conditions of Habel, Pennemann, and Rensink to make them equivalently expressive to monadic second-order logic on graphs. We present a weakest liberal precondition construction for these assertions, and demonstrate its use in verifying non-local correctness specifications of graph programs in the sense of Habel et al.
description: Extended version of a paper to appear at ICGT 2014
title: Geometric Control of YAP-dependent Mechanotransduction: A Proposed Model
Creators: name: Eze, Ngozi A.
name: Cirka, Heather A.
name: Billiar, Kristen L.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: The Billiar lab is interested in the interplay between mechanical tension and programmed cell death (namely, apoptosis) in cells growing on micro-contact printed aggregates. The Billiar lab uses a bioinspired hydrogel to develop an in vitro model for mechanosensitive signaling in mammalian cells. The micro-contact printed cell aggregates experience a loss of tensional homeostasis at the center of the aggregates, which results in selective cell death at the center, but not periphery of the aggregates, followed by calcification, similar to excised diseased aortic valves. However, the subcellular mechanisms responsible for transducing the mechanical cues from the loss of tensional homeostasis to pro-apoptotic signaling have yet to be elucidated; the Billiar lab is interested in finding this link.

Mechanotransduction is the functional link between mechanical cues and the consequent subcellular biochemical response.1 Cells sense and respond to their physical surroundings via cell-cell junctions, cell-matrix adhesions, and intracellular actin networks.1 For example, in epithelial cells, restriction of cell growth to spatially patterned circular arrays leads to (1) increased proliferation and (2) higher tractional stresses at the periphery than at the center.2-3 Proliferation at the periphery of these circular cell aggregates is YAP-dependent, with nuclear localization of YAP at the periphery.4 Transcriptional co-activator YAP is (1) a nuclear relay of mechanical signals,5 (2) the main transcriptional effector of the Hippo pathway,6 and (3) involved in both proliferation (via TEAD promoter) and apoptosis (via p73 promoter).7 Cell competition is an apoptosis-dependent cell communication phenomenon based on cell fitness comparisons, and which creates “loser” cells that die via apoptosis and “winner” cells that survive.8-9 For example, co-culture of TEAD-activity-manipulated fibroblasts with WT induces cell competition, in which cells with higher TEAD activity “won,” and cells with lower TEAD activity “lost” (underwent apoptosis).10

Hypothesis: Culture of fibroblasts in geometrically constrained, circular cell aggregates induces cell competition via the formation of “winner” and “loser” cell populations due to differences in tensional homeostasis experienced at the periphery vs. center of the aggregates.
The Legendre polynomials associated with Bernoulli, Euler, Hermite and Bernstein polynomials
Creators: name: Araci, Serkan
name: Acikgoz, Mehmet
name: Bagdasaryan, Armen
name: Sen, Erdogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we deal mainly with arithmetic properties of Legendre polynomials by using their orthogonality property. We show that Legendre polynomials are proportional with Bernoulli, Euler, Hermite and Bernstein polynomials.
L'inglese e le altre lingue europee
Creators: name: San Vicente, Félix
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2002
Subjects: L-LIN/07 Lingua e traduzione - Lingua spagnola

description: Come obbiettivo base del Convegno "L'inglese e le altre lingue europee", organizzato dal CLIFO (Centro Linguistico Interfacoltá) a Forlì il 21.09. 2001, si è ipotizzata
la ricostruzione di uno stato della questione dell 'influenza dell 'inglese sulle lingue europee. Con un denominatore comune, ossia la forte presenza della lingua e della cultura angloamericana, l' insieme delle relazioni riflette una situazione molteplice che varia secondo le caratteristiche dei rapporti interculturali e delle pianificazioni politico-linguistiche ed economiche in a tto; ci si accede attraverso differenti approcci interpretativi, che vanno da quello filologico a quello sociolinguistico, ai tentativi d'interpretazione
intersemiotica in presenza di codici differenti e di una collocazione del dato linguistico in un metaprocesso cul turale.
The Radio Continuum-Star Formation Rate Relation in WSRT SINGS Galaxies
Creators: name: Heesen, Volker
name: Brinks, Elias
name: Leroy, Adam K.
name: Heald, George
name: Braun, Robert
name: Bigiel, Frank
name: Beck, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spatially resolved Radio Continuum-Star Formation Rate (RC-SFR) relation using state-of-the-art star-formation (SF) tracers in a sample of 17 THINGS galaxies. We use hybrid Sigma_SFR maps (GALEX FUV plus Spitzer 24 mu), RC maps at 22/18 cm from the WSRT SINGS survey, and H-alpha maps to correct for thermal RC emission. We compare azimuthally averaged radial profiles of the RC and FUV/MIR-based Sigma_SFR maps and study pixel-by-pixel correlations at fixed linear scales of 1.2 and 0.7 kpc. The ratio of the integrated SFRs from the RC emission to that of the FUV/MIR-based SF tracers is R_int = 0.78 +/- 0.38, consistent with Condon's relation. We find a tight correlation between the radial profiles of the radio and FUV/MIR-based Sigma_SFR for the entire extent of the disk. The ratio R of the azimuthally averaged radio to FUV/MIR-based Sigma_SFR agrees with the integrated ratio with only small quasi-random fluctuations as function of radius. Pixel-by-pixel plots show a tight correlation in log-log diagrams of radio to FUV/MIR-based Sigma_SFR, with a typical standard deviation of a factor of two. Averaged over our sample we find (Sigma_SFR)_RC ~ (Sigma_SFR)_hyb^{0.63+/-0.25} implying that data points with high Sigma_SFR are relatively radio dim, whereas the reverse is true for low Sigma_SFR. We interpret this as a result of spectral ageing of CRe, which is supported by the radio spectral index: data points dominated by young CRe are relatively radio dim, those dominated by old CRe are relatively radio bright. The ratio of radio to FUV/MIR-based integrated SFR is independent of global galaxy parameters, suggesting that we can use RC emission as a universal SF tracer for galaxies, if we restrict ourselves to global or azimuthally averaged measurements. A magnetic field-SFR relation, B ~ SFR_hyb^{0.30+/-0.02}, holding both globally and locally, can explain our results. (abridged)
description: 41 pages, 30 figures, 3 tables, AJ accepted, pages 22-41 contain appendices with image atlas, replaced to match published version
Bayesian Optimization of the Beam Injection Process into a Storage Ring
Creators: name: Xu, Chenran
name: Boltz, Tobias
name: Mochihashi, Akira
name: Garcia, Andrea Santamaria
name: Schuh, Marcel
name: Müller, Anke-Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have evaluated the data-efficient Bayesian optimization method for the specific task of injection tuning in a circular accelerator. In this paper, we describe the implementation of this method at the Karlsruhe Research Accelerator with up to nine tuning parameters, including the determination of the associated hyperparameters. We show that the Bayesian optimization method outperforms manual tuning and the commonly used Nelder-Mead optimization algorithm both in simulation and experiment. The algorithm was also successfully used to ease the commissioning phase after the installation of new injection magnets and is regularly used during accelerator operations. We demonstrate that the introduction of context variables that include intra-bunch scattering effects, such as the Touschek effect, further improves the control and robustness of the injection process.
title: Implantable Microenvironments to Capture Stable-to- Aggressive Tumor Transition
Creators: name: Carpenter, Ryan
name: Lee, Jungwoo
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Clinical stability occurs when cancers reach a state where the disease neither advances nor regresses. Tumors can remain in this state for multiple years before progressing to more aggressive phenotypes. The mechanisms for maintaining a stable state and the factors that contribute to tumor activation are poorly understood. We hypothesized that an implantable biomaterial scaffold would be able to isolate a population of stable tumor cells that could then be used to study the transition to an aggressive phenotype. In this work we developed a tunable and highly controlled, porous acrylamide scaffold and subcutaneously implanted them in immunodeficient (NSG) mice. Prior to implantation scaffolds were seeded with a variety of different cell types. Specifically, human bone marrow stromal cells were supplemented with mouse stromal cells genetically engineered to express human cytokines to promote the generation of different tissue microenvironments in the scaffolds. After implantation the mice received an orthotopic injection of either human breast or prostate cancer cells. The tumors were allowed to generate metastases to the scaffolds and other tissues. Scaffolds were transplanted to non-tumor bearing mice once the tumor burden became exhaustive to the host to allow for further study of the microenvironment. The role of immune cells on the tumor microenvironment was also explored. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from donors and injected intravenously prior to transplantation. Bioluminescent imaging was used to capture tumor growth in vivo over a ten week period. The scaffolds were analyzed via immunohistochemical staining on thinly sectioned tissue and intact tissue cleared samples to characterize the tissue microenvironment and its effect on tumor progression. Our work has demonstrated the application of implantable tissue engineered microenvironments to study the phenomena of tumor stability in vivo and has uncovered some potentially important factors that drive the transition from stable to aggressive tumors.
title: Transferrin Conjugated Polymeric Nanomedicine for Targeting Pancreatic Cancer using Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine
Creators: name: Gad, Aniket
name: Tilton, Michael
name: Piel, Brandon
name: Rai, Prakash
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) has a dismal prognosis with five-year survival rates under 5%. PanCa is usally diagnosed at very late stages and even if diagnosed early, surgery is rarely an option. These factors contribute towards the bleak statistics for PanCa Chemo and radiation treatments having deleterious side-effects. There is therefore a clinical, unmet need for novel, targeted treatments with low morbidity in PanCa. Gemzar® (gemcitabine-HCl) is an FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved chemotherapeutic drug that has been used to treat PanCa. However, intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance to gemcitabine contribute to the poor prognosis of PanCa. A combination of Abraxane® (albumin-stabilized paclitaxel nano-formulation) with gemcitabine has shown survival benefits and has now become the first line treatment for PanCa. Desmoplasia is a fundamental characteristic of PanCa that contributes significantly to its chemoresistance, making drug delivery to PanCa cells difficult. Nanomedicines combining multiple drugs can be designed to overcome this hurdle. This project aims at developing a targeted nanomedicine by using a combination of gemcitabine and paclitaxel encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of PanCa. Oil/ water emulsion technique was employed for the preparation of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles encapsulating gemcitabine and paclitaxel. Synthesis protocols yielded drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with an average diameter less than 200 nm, with encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 40-70%. In vitro tests for cell viability studies using the MTT assay demonstrated lower cell viability in AsPC-1 cells when treated with these nano-formulations as compared to their free-drug counterparts. Current studies include conjugating drug-loaded PLGA-polyethylene glycol-Maleimide nanoparticles with transferrin peptide for targeted therapy, which is expected to prove more efficacious when tested for cell viability in vitro than its non-targeted formulations that have been obtained. These results therefore certify this nanotherapeutic approach as a potential therapy for PanCa.
Maximum mass of stable magnetized highly super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs: stable solutions with varying magnetic fields
Creators: name: Das, Upasana
name: Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the issue of stability of recently proposed significantly super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs. We present stable solutions of magnetostatic equilibrium models for super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs pertaining to various magnetic field profiles. This has been obtained by self-consistently including the effects of the magnetic pressure gradient and total magnetic density in a general relativistic framework. We estimate that the maximum stable mass of magnetized white dwarfs could be more than 3 solar mass. This is very useful to explain peculiar, overluminous type Ia supernovae which do not conform to the traditional Chandrasekhar mass-limit.
description: 10+1 pages including 4 figures and 1 table; version accepted for publication in JCAP
The Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for operators on $C(K)$
Creators: name: Acosta, Maria D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20, 46B28, 47B99

description: We provide a version for operators of the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás Theorem when the domain space is the complex space $C_0(L)$. In fact we prove that the pair $(C_0(L), Y)$ satisfies the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for operators for every Hausdorff locally compact space $L$ and any $\mathbb{C}$-uniformly convex space. As a consequence, this holds for $Y= L_p (μ)$ ($1 \le p < \infty $).
description: 13 pages
title: A Novel Population Of Natural Killer Cells Pplays A Critical Role in the Depletion of Splenic B2 B Cells During Experimental Africian Trypanosomiasis
Creators: name: Frenkel, Deborah
name: Black, Samuel J.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human sleeping sickness and a contributor to nagana in cattle, rapidly lose the capacity to mount VSG-specific antibody responses, and die with uncontrolled parasitemia. We have shown (Bockstal et al., 2011, PLOS Pathogens) that the loss of humoral immune competence in the infected mice results from depletion of developing and mature splenic B cells. We now report that T. brucei-induced splenic B cell depletion is dependent upon the presence of the pore forming molecule perforin which is present in the cytotoxic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killer T cells and natural killer cells, occurs in the absence of T cells (and natural killer T cells), i.e., in T cell receptor (αβγδ)-/- mice, but does not occur in intact mice that are depleted of natural killer (NK) cells by treatment with monoclonal antibody specific for the NK1.1 differentiation antigen. In the intact mice, B cells are deleted after remission of the first T. brucei parasitemic wave. At this time natural killer cells are expressing the cytotoxic granule marker CD107a, indicating that they have degranulated, executing their effector function. Moreover, in vitro assays show that B cells from T. brucei infected mice are killed by natural killer cells from uninfected C57BL/6 mice but not efficiently killed by CD107a positive natural killer cells isolated from infected mice, which may be functionally exhausted.
Depositional Environment of the Basal Pratu Tao Formation Thap Raet Field, Phitsanulok Basin, Thailand
Creators: name: Phalaphoom Thamniyom
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sirikit Field, River-dominated Lake Delta, Distributary Channel

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 102-107
Assessing the accuracy of hybrid exchange-correlation functionals for the density response of warm dense electrons
Creators: name: Moldabekov, Zhandos A.
name: Lokamani, Mani
name: Vorberger, Jan
name: Cangi, Attila
name: Dornheim, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the accuracy of common hybrid exchange-correlation (XC) functionals (PBE0, PBE0-1/3, HSE06, HSE03, and B3LYP) within Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) for the harmonically perturbed electron gas at parameters relevant for the challenging conditions of warm dense matter. Generated by laser-induced compression and heating in the laboratory, warm dense matter is a state of matter that also occurs in white dwarfs and planetary interiors. We consider both weak and strong degrees of density inhomogeneity induced by the external field at various wavenumbers. We perform an error analysis by comparing to exact quantum Monte-Carlo results. In the case of a weak perturbation, we report the static linear density response function and the static XC kernel at a metallic density for both the degenerate ground-state limit and for partial degeneracy at the electronic Fermi temperature. Overall, we observe an improvement in the density response for partial degeneracy when the PBE0, PBE0-1/3, HSE06, and HSE03 functionals are used compared to the previously reported results for the PBE, PBEsol, LDA, AM05, and SCAN functionals; B3LYP, on the other hand, does not perform well for the considered system. Together with the reduction of self-interaction errors, this seems to be the rationale behind the relative success of the HSE03 functional for the description of the experimental data on aluminum and liquid ammonia at WDM conditions.
title: Characterization of neutrophils and macrophages from ex vivo cultured murine bone marrow for morphologic maturation and functional responses by imaging flow cytometry
Creators: name: Szymczak, Klaudia
name: Pelletier, Margery G.H.
name: Barbeau, Anna M.
name: O'Fallon, Kevin
name: Gaines, Peter
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Neutrophils and macrophages differentiate from common myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow, where they undergo unique nuclear morphologic changes as they mature into fully functional phagocytes. These changes include condensation of chromatin, the most pronounced exhibited by mature neutrophils. Both myeloid cells acquire multiple functions critical to their ability to kill pathogens, including phagocytosis, the production of proteolytic enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and in the case of neutrophils, release of nuclear material known as nuclear extracellular traps (NETs). Studies on these functions often rely on the use of cells acquired from mature mouse tissues, but these tend to produce limited numbers of cells. Strategies to analyze the morphologic features and functional responses of these cells include the use of conventional brightfield or fluorescence microscopy to examine changes in nuclear structure, internalization of fluorescein-labeled bacterial or yeast particles, or release of nuclear material. Flow cytometry also is often used, especially for identifying changes in the expression of lineage-specific cell surface markers and ROS production. However, each of these techniques presents certain limitations. Here we describe methods to generate abundant populations highly enriched for neutrophils or macrophages from previously frozen, ex vivo cultured mouse bone marrow. We then apply state-of-the-art imaging flow cytometry, which combines the resolution of microscopy with the speed of flow cytometry, to analyze each lineage for changes in nuclear structure and expression of key cell surface markers. Different gating and masking strategies are applied to characterize phagocytosis of pH-dependent fluorescein-labeled E. coli, ROS production, and NET release by neutrophils. We also demonstrate that neutrophils engulfing E. coli bioparticles produce NETs in a process we term PhagoNETosis. Together these assays reveal the power of imaging flow cytometry for simultaneously assessing the maturation features and functional responses of these critical mediators of innate immunity.
title: ErbB2 Signaling Increases Androgen Receptor Expression in Abiraterone-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Creators: name: Gao, Shuai
name: Ye, Huihui
name: Gerrin, Sean
name: Wang, Hongyun
name: Sharma, Ankur
name: Chen, Sen
name: Patnaik, Akash
name: Sowalsky, Adam
name: Voznesensky, Olga
name: Han, Wanting
name: Yu, Ziyang
name: Mostaghel, Elahe
name: Nelson, Peter S.
name: Taplin, Mary-Ellen
name: Balk, Steven P.
name: Cai, Changmeng
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Purpose: ErbB2 signaling appears to be increased and may enhance AR activity in a subset of CRPC, but agents targeting ErbB2 have not been effective. This study was undertaken to assess ErbB2 activity in abiraterone-resistant prostate cancer (PCa), and determine whether it may contribute to androgen receptor (AR) signaling in these tumors.

Experimental Design: AR activity and ErbB2 signaling were examined in the radical prostatectomy specimens from a neoadjuvant clinical trial of leuprolide plus abiraterone, and in the specimens from abiraterone-resistant CRPC xenograft models. The effect of ErbB2 signaling on AR activity was determined in two CRPC cell lines. Moreover, the effect of combination treatment with abiraterone and an ErbB2 inhibitor was assessed in a CRPC xenograft model.

Results: We found that ErbB2 signaling was elevated in residual tumor following abiraterone treatment in a subset of patients, and was associated with higher nuclear AR expression. In xenograft models, we similarly demonstrated that ErbB2 signaling was increased and associated with AR reactivation in abiraterone-resistant tumors, while ERBB2 message level was not changed. Mechanistically, we show that ErbB2 signaling and subsequent activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling stabilizes AR protein. Inhibitors targeting ErbB2/PI3K/AKT pathway disrupt AR transcriptional activity. Furthermore, concomitantly treating CRPC xenograft with abiraterone and an ErbB2 inhibitor, lapatinib, blocked AR reactivation and suppressed tumor progression.

Conclusions: ErbB2 signaling is elevated in a subset of abiraterone-resistant prostate cancer patients and stabilizes AR protein. Combination therapy with abiraterone and ErbB2 antagonists may be effective for treating the subset of CRPC with elevated ErbB2 activity.
title: Разработка контроллера канала мкио протокола
Creators: name: Ильин, А.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Разработаны алгоритм и программа ПЛИС контроллера канала на языке System Verilog для протокола мультиплексного канала информационного обмена. Была произведена отладка и симуляция модуля в программе ModelSim путём написания тестбенча.
A Globular Cluster Toward M87 with a Radial Velocity < -1000 km/s: The First Hypervelocity Cluster
Creators: name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Strader, Jay
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Moore, Ben
name: Diemand, Jurg
name: Martizzi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of an object near M87 in the Virgo Cluster with an extraordinary blueshift of -1025 km/s, offset from the systemic velocity by >2300 km/s. Evaluation of photometric and spectroscopic data provides strong evidence that this object is a distant massive globular cluster, which we call HVGC-1 in analogy to Galactic hypervelocity stars. We consider but disfavor more exotic interpretations, such as a system of stars bound to a recoiling black hole. The odds of observing an outlier as extreme as HVGC-1 in a virialized distribution of intracluster objects are small; it appears more likely that the cluster was (or is being) ejected from Virgo following a three-body interaction. The nature of the interaction is unclear, and could involve either a subhalo or a binary supermassive black hole at the center of M87.
description: ApJL in press
First estimate of the local value of the baryonic streaming velocity
Creators: name: Uysal, Betul
name: Hartwig, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several studies have shown the influence of the relative streaming velocity (SV) between baryons and dark matter on the formation of structures. For the first time, we constrain the local value of the SV in which the Milky Way was formed. We use the semi-analytical model A-SLOTH to simulate the formation of Milky Way-like galaxies. The high resolution in mass and time of the dark matter merger trees from the Caterpillar simulation enables to accurately model star formation in the smallest progenitor halos at high redshift. The efficient semi-analytical nature of A-SLOTH allows us to run many simulations with various values of the local SV. Our investigation on the influence of the SV shows that it delays star formation at high redshift. However, at redshift z=0, the SV has no effect on the total stellar mass in the Milky Way nor its Satellites. We find that extremely metal-poor and ultra metal-poor stars are affected by the SV, and can hence be used to constrain its local value. The local optimal value of the SV is $v_\mathrm{SV} =1.75^{+0.13}_{-0.28}\,σ_\mathrm{SV}$, which is based on four independent observables. We further find that the SV decreases the number of luminous Milky Way satellites, but this decrease is not enough to solve the missing satellite problem.
description: Published by MNRAS