cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Blood Cockle Shell: an agro-waste for N and P Removal of Shrimp Farm Effluent
Creators: name: Mothinee Aopreeya, Chumlong Arunlertaree
Publisher: name: คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Year: 2013
Subjects: Nitrogen / Phosphorus / Removal/ Shrimp effluent / Burned/ Blood cockle shell

description: 1, 11, Environment and Natural Resources Journal
Flood Vulnerability Analysis for Illinois Using a Decision-Tree Based Model for Social Vulnerability
Creators: name: Houle, Rachel E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: With the rise of urbanization and global climate change, there has been an increase in the occurrence of natural disasters over the past 50 years. While part of this rise is due to natural events, the resulting disasters are not the outcome of geophysical occurrences by themselves. Social vulnerability describes the human aspect of vulnerability and works to identify the social conditions that leave societies susceptible to disasters. In this study, the decision tree (DT) methodology is proposed as an alternative to assess flood vulnerability in Illinois, specifically in the Illinois River Basin, which is heterogenous in demographics and land use. We also derive a PCA index using the performance optimization methodology developed by the University of Illinois at Chicago - School of Public Health’s (UIC-SPH) team. The predictive performance of the two derived indices and existing flood vulnerability indices for Illinois is evaluated using National Flood Insurance Program claim loss data as realized loss. The Flood Vulnerability Index derived using DT methodology (FVI.DT) has the highest overall predictive performance (87.2%). Existing FVIs for Illinois significantly under- and overestimate county level vulnerability, which implies gaps in mitigation planning and resource allocation throughout the state.
Overlaps in pilot wave field theories
Creators: name: Schmelzer, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently doubts have been raised about the ability of pilot wave theories with field ontology to recover the predictions of quantum field theory. In particular, Struyve has questioned that the overlap between wave functionals of macroscopically different states with fixed particle number is really non-significant. With numerical computations and some further plausibility arguments we show that the overlap between n-particle states in field theory decreases almost exponentially with the number of particles and becomes non-significant already for small particle numbers.
description: Final minor corrections. accepted by Foundations of Physics
BKM Lie superalgebras from dyon spectra in Z_N-CHL orbifolds for composite N
Creators: name: Govindarajan, Suresh
name: Krishna, K. Gopala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the generating function of electrically charged 1/2-BPS states in N=4 supersymmetric Z_N-CHL orbifolds of the heterotic string on T^6 are given by multiplicative eta-products. The eta-products are determined by the cycle shape of the corresponding symplectic involution in the dual type II picture. This enables us to complete the construction of the genus-two Siegel modular forms due to David, Jatkar and Sen [arXiv:hep-th/0609109] for Z_N orbifolds when N is non-prime. We study the Z_4 CHL orbifold in detail and show that the associated Siegel modular forms, Φ_3(Z) and \widetildeΦ_3(Z), are given by the square of the product of three even genus-two theta constants. Extending work by us[arXiv:0807.4451] as well as Cheng and Dabholkar[arXiv:0809.4258], we show that their `square roots' appear as the denominator formulae of two distinct Borcherds-Kac-Moody (BKM) Lie superalgebras. The BKM Lie superalgebra associated with the generating function of 1/4-BPS states, i.e., \widetildeΦ_3(Z) has a parabolic root system with a light-like Weyl vector and the walls of its fundamental Weyl chamber are mapped to the walls of marginal stability of the 1/4-BPS states.
description: LaTeX, 44 pages, 2 figures (v2)Physical interpretation for a family of BKM Lie superalgebras provided; typos corrected
Exploration of Validity Evidence for the P MEX in a Residency Admissions Process
Creators: name: Bajwa, Nadia M.
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The residency admissions process is a high-stakes assessment system with the purpose of identifying applicants who best meet standards of the residency program and the medical specialty. With the growing importance of professionalism in medical education, it is imperative to develop professionalism assessments that demonstrate robust validity evidence. The Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) is an assessment that has demonstrated validity evidence in the authentic clinical setting. This dissertation examines validity evidence for the P-MEX, a focused and standardized assessment of professionalism, in a simulated patient setting. Ginsburg’s professionalism framework and Messick’s unified validity framework were used to frame this study. This study examines the internal structure and relations to other variables validity evidence for the P-MEX using longitudinal data from eight cohorts of pediatric applicants from admission to the end of the first year of post-graduate training. Results indicate that the P-MEX demonstrates moderate reliability and predicts professionalism performance at the end of the first year of training. The P-MEX also demonstrates a four-factor model of: doctor-patient relationship skills, interprofessional skills, professional demeanor, and reflective skills. Identifying the factorial structure of the P-MEX allows for the provision of diagnostic and actionable professionalism feedback. Validity evidence supports the use of P-MEX scores as part of the admissions process to assess professionalism, as part of the admissions process. Educators may wish to integrate the P-MEX assessment into their professionalism curricula.
Time Transfer Through Optical Fibers (TTTOF): First Results of Calibrated Clock Comparisons
Creators: name: Piester, D.
name: Fujieda, M.
name: Rost, M.
name: Bauch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a means for accurate time transfer using optical fibers and aim at the synchronization of clocks located at different places on an institute campus with an overall uncertainty of 100 ps or better. Such an installation shall be used as a part of the infrastructure connecting the ground station setups during forthcoming T2L2 and ACES experiments and the local installations at the PTB time laboratory. Our target transmission length is less than 1 km. To transfer time, a code-domain-multiple-access (CDMA) signal is used for modulation of a laser. Optical signals are exchanged in the two-way mode to cancel long-term fiber length variation. This is similar to the well known two-way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) scheme. We discuss procedures for a proper calibration of such time transfer through optical fibers links and show first promising results of an experiment using a test loop on the PTB campus with a length of 2 km.
description: Proc. 41st Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Systems and Applications Meeting, 16-19 Nov 2009, Santa Ana Pueblo, New Mexico, USA
The Role of Error-Related Negativity in Social Anxiety, Depression, and Treatment Outcome
Creators: name: Kinney, Kerry L
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are common psychological disorders which remain difficult to treat, as many individuals do not benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Research suggests SAD may be characterized by exaggerated error-related negativity (ERN) while those with MDD may display blunted ERN, relative to healthy controls (HC). However, mixed findings, possibly due to methodological differences across studies, suggest further study is warranted. Furthermore, there is a paucity of research on the ERN as a predictor of CBT-related symptom improvement in SAD or MDD. This study leverages an ongoing clinical trial (R01 MH101497-01, Yr 4 of 5), which uses a multimethod approach to evaluate predictors and mechanisms of change in patients with SAD or MDD following CBT, which was compared to supportive therapy (ST), a psychological placebo. The study also includes a comparator HC group that does not receive treatment; however, healthy participants complete the same assessments and tasks as patients at the same time points as patients. Using a validated flanker task during electroencephalography, we examined baseline group differences in ERN and investigated whether baseline ERN predicted symptom reduction in patients. We hypothesized 1) baseline ERN amplitude would be greater in SAD relative to HC and MDD; 2) baseline ERN amplitude would be lower in MDD relative to HC and SAD; and 3) baseline ERN would predict CBT (but not ST) outcome in SAD and MDD. The same analyses were performed on the error positivity (Pe) as an exploratory aim. Results showed no group differences in baseline ERN or Pe, and ERN did not predict treatment outcome. However, patients with greater Pe showed a steeper decline in symptoms across treatments. Results suggest ERN may not adequately characterize SAD and MDD and their treatment. Rather, awareness of errors, measured via Pe, may serve as a marker of psychotherapy outcome in SAD or MDD.
title: Valoración del funcionalismo renal mediante URO-RM en pacientes pediátricos.
Creators: name: Riera Soler, Luis
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dilatation
subject: Segmentation
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Kidney
subject: Paediatric

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La URO-RM es una técnica que ha sido practicada clásicamente para obtener una valoración anatómica de las alteraciones del tracto urinario.
Además,
al administrar contraste endovenoso y obtener varias adquisiciones sucesivas,
se obtenía...
Ethnic Enclaves, Socioeconomic Status and Associations with Obesity and Breast Density among Latinas
Creators: name: Sanchez Diaz, Carola T
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Obesity and high breast density(BD) are two important modifiable breast cancer risk factors that disproportionately affect Latinx women in the US. There are mixed findings regarding ethnic enclaves and neighborhood socioeconomic status(nSES) with obesity in Latinxs; literature in BD is limited. We used data on n=13,815 Latinxs > 40-year-old with at least one mammogram from the Metro Chicago Breast Cancer Registry (1980–2017), from which n=864 were linked to their residential history. Multinomial logistic regressions were estimated to evaluate associations of ethnic enclaves and nSES with obesity and BD. Further, we used Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to characterize neighborhood composition based on tract indicators of ethnic enclaves, disadvantage, and affluence and quantified their single point in time and cumulative associations with obesity and BD. In single point-in-time analyses, residing in an enclave was associated with lower prevalence of obesity, but only for women at greater tract disadvantage. Based on our single point-in-time LPA, we identified four profiles, which were labeled as “middling”, “disadvantaged”, “ethnic enclaves”, and “affluent”. Overall, compared to the middling profile, women assigned to the disadvantaged and the enclaves’ profile showed higher mean BMI, whereas women assigned to the affluent profile had lower mean BMI. Finally, based on residential history-based LPA, cumulative exposure to enclaves was not associated with BMI, cumulative exposure to tract disadvantage was associated with higher mean BMI. However, cumulative exposure to tract affluence was associated with lower BMI. For BD, residence in an ethnic enclave measured at a single point-in-time was associated with greater prevalence of extremely dense breasts, in models adjusting for BMI, disadvantage and affluence. Enclaves’ profiles (both single point-in-time and residential history-based) were not associated with BD. These findings highlight the complex relationships among neighborhood factors, obesity, and BD. We identified opposing results in the effect of enclaves in BMI based on the approach taken (logistic regression vs. point-in-time LPA vs. cumulative LPA). Our profiles were predictive of high BMI (at both single point-in-time and residential history-based). Lastly, describing profiles that predict differences in obesity and BD provides directions in terms of health policy development to address contextually rooted determinants.
Aether Unleashed
Creators: name: Armendariz-Picon, Cristian
name: Diez-Tejedor, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We follow a low-energy effective theory approach to identify the general class of theories that describes a vector field (of unconstrained norm) coupled to gravity. The resulting set may be regarded as a generalization of the conventional vector-tensor theories, and as a high-momentum completion of aether models. We study the conditions that a viable cosmology, Newtonian limit and absence of classical and quantum instabilities impose on the parameters of our class of models, and compare these constraints with those derived in previously studied and related cases. The most stringent conditions arise from the quantum stability of the theory, which allows dynamical cosmological solutions only for a non-Maxwellian kinetic term. The gravitational constant in the Newtonian limit turns to be scale dependent, suggesting connections to dark matter and degravitation. This class of theories has a very rich gravitational phenomenology, and offers an ample but simple testing ground to study modifications of gravity and their cosmological implications.
description: 41 pages, 1 figure and 4 tables. v2: Minor changes and added references, matches version accepted for publication
Profit and Precarity: Real Estate Investing After the Global Financial Crisis
Creators: name: Kass, Amanda Emma
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Concentrating on Illinois, particularly the Chicagoland area, I investigate the housing finance practices and modes of accumulation that emerged in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, and situate this contemporary activity within the historical context of the racialized housing market in the United States. Drawing on existing literature, I contextualize how post-crisis activity built upon historical segregation, racism, and post-war exclusion of Blacks from the housing market. While civil rights-era housing policy encouraged homeownership among African Americans as a means of building wealth, this “predatory inclusion” eventually saw lenders disproportionately target African American borrowers and communities for subprime loans. The ensuing financial crisis resulted in mass job loss, a widening of the racial wealth gap, and a wave of foreclosures that especially affected Black neighborhoods and homeowners. From the wreckage, private equity firms, institutional investors, and real estate actors saw a lucrative opportunity to purchase foreclosed properties and engage in one of several strategies to generate profit. Focusing on 2013, the year post-crisis activity peaked in Illinois, I identify a subset of investors that purchased large numbers of properties in bulk, track and define their investment strategies, and map these activities onto Chicagoland and the south suburbs. While overall activity was concentrated in majority-Black communities, different investors targeted different geographies according to their investment strategy. Those using more exploitative strategies—like contract lending—tend to be most active in majority-Black communities, while those active in white neighborhoods primarily used less exploitative strategies like single-family rentals. Variance in investor geographies reflects how investors’ strategies exploited and compounded existing racial-spatial patterns. Altogether, my research contributes to a broader body of work concerned with understanding how the logics of capital are racialized and continue to materialize in uneven geographies of concentrated wealth and poverty.
Large-angle production of charged pions with incident pion beams on nuclear targets
Creators: name: The HARP Collaboration
name: Apollonio, M.
name: Artamonov, A.
name: Bagulya, A.
name: Barr, G.
name: Blondel, A.
name: Bobisut, F.
name: Bogomilov, M.
name: Bonesini, M.
name: Booth, C.
name: Borghi, S.
name: Bunyatov, S.
name: Burguet-Castell, J.
name: Catanesi, M. G.
name: Cervera-Villanueva, A.
name: Chimenti, P.
name: Coney, L.
name: Di Capua, E.
name: Dore, U.
name: Dumarchez, J.
name: Edgecock, R.
name: Ellis, M.
name: Ferri, F.
name: Gastaldi, U.
name: Giani, S.
name: Giannini, G.
name: Gibin, D.
name: Gilardoni, S.
name: Gorbunov, P.
name: Goessling, C.
name: Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.
name: Grant, A.
name: Graulich, J. S.
name: Gregoire, G.
name: Grichine, V.
name: Grossheim, A.
name: Guglielmi, A.
name: Howlett, L.
name: Ivanchenko, A.
name: Ivanchenko, V.
name: Kayis-Topaksu, A.
name: Kirsanov, M.
name: Kolev, D.
name: Krasnoperov, A.
name: Martin-Albo, J.
name: Meurer, C.
name: Mezzetto, M.
name: Mills, G. B.
name: Morone, M. C.
name: Novella, P.
name: Orestano, D.
name: Palladino, V.
name: Panman, J.
name: Papadopoulos, I.
name: Pastore, F.
name: Piperov, S.
name: Polukhina, N.
name: Popov, B.
name: Prior, G.
name: Radicioni, E.
name: Schmitz, D.
name: Schroeter, R.
name: Skoro, G.
name: Sorel, M.
name: Tcherniaev, E.
name: Temnikov, P.
name: Tereschenko, V.
name: Tonazzo, A.
name: Tortora, L.
name: Tsenov, R.
name: Tsukerman, I.
name: Vidal-Sitjes, G.
name: Wiebusch, C.
name: Zucchelli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the double-differential pi+/- production cross-section in the range of momentum 100 MeV/c <= p <= 800 MeV/c and angle 0.35 rad <= theta <= 2.15 rad using pi+/- beams incident on beryllium, aluminium, carbon, copper, tin, tantalum and lead targets are presented. The data were taken with the large acceptance HARP detector in the T9 beam line of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. The secondary pions were produced by beams in a momentum range from 3 GeV/c to 12.9 GeV/c hitting a solid target with a thickness of 5% of a nuclear interaction length. The tracking and identification of the produced particles was performed using a small-radius cylindrical time projection chamber (TPC) placed inside a solenoidal magnet. Incident particles were identified by an elaborate system of beam detectors. Results are obtained for the double-differential cross-sections d2sigma/dpdtheta at six incident beam momenta. Data at 3 GeV/c, 5 GeV/c, 8 GeV/c, and 12 GeV/c are available for all targets while additional data at 8.9 GeV/c and 12.9 GeV/c were taken in positive particle beams on Be and Al targets, respectively. The measurements are compared with several generators of GEANT4 and the MARS Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 109 pages, 14 figures
Collapsar Accretion and the Gamma-Ray Burst X-Ray Light Curve
Creators: name: Lindner, Christopher C.
name: Milosavljevic, Milos
name: Couch, Sean M.
name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present axisymmetric hydrodynamical simulations of the long-term accretion of a rotating GRB progenitor star, a "collapsar," onto the central compact object. The simulations were carried out with the adaptive mesh refinement code FLASH in two spatial dimensions and with an explicit shear viscosity. The evolution of the central accretion rate exhibits phases reminiscent of the long GRB gamma-ray and X-ray light curve, which lends support to the proposal that the luminosity is modulated by the central accretion rate. After a few tens of seconds, an accretion shock sweeps outward through the star. The formation and outward expansion of the accretion shock is accompanied with a sudden and rapid power-law decline in the central accretion rate Mdot ~ t^{-2.8}, which resembles the L_X ~ t^{-3} decline observed in the X-ray light curves. The collapsed, shock-heated stellar envelope settles into a thick, low-mass equatorial disk embedded within a massive, pressure-supported atmosphere. After a few hundred seconds, the inflow of low-angular-momentum material in the axial funnel reverses into an outflow from the surface of the thick disk. Meanwhile, the rapid decline of the accretion rate slows down, or even settles a in steady state with Mdot ~ 5x10^{-5} Msun/s, which resembles the "plateau" phase in the X-ray light curve. While the duration of the "prompt" phase depends on the resolution in our simulations, we provide an analytical model taking into account neutrino losses that estimates the duration to be ~20 s. The model suggests that the steep decline in GRB X-ray light curves is triggered by the circularization of the infalling stellar envelope at radii where the virial temperature is below ~10^{10} K, such that neutrino cooling shuts off and an outward expansion of the accretion shock becomes imminent.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Automated computation of robust normal forms of planar analytic vector fields
Creators: name: Johnson, Tomas
name: Tucker, Warwick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C20, 37M99, 65G20, 65L70

description: We construct an auto-validated algorithm that calculates a close to identity change of variables which brings a general saddle point into a normal form. The transformation is robust in the underlying vector field, and is analytic on a computable neighborhood of the saddle point. The normal form is suitable for computations aimed at enclosing the flow close to the saddle, and the time it takes a trajectory to pass it. Several examples illustrate the usefulness of this method.
CoreTrustSeal Trustworthy Data Repositories Requirements: Extended Guidance 2020-2022. Nederlandse vertaling
Creators: name: Netwerk Digitaal Erfgoed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: CoreTrustSeal
Audit and Certification
Certificering
Duurzame toegang

description: Dit document is de Nederlandse vertaling van de volledige tekst van de CoreTrustSeal Trustworthy Data Repositories Requirements 2020-2022 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3632533) met enkele inleidende paragrafen over de achtergrond en algemene richtlijnen. Deze vertaling is gemaakt door het Netwerk Digitaal Erfgoed en vervangt niet het originele Engelstalige document dat als enige gezaghebbend is in het CTS-certificeringsproces. De tekst is een hulpmiddel voor erfgoedinstellingen die aan het begin staan van een certificeringsproces. Het kan de drempel verlagen om een dergelijk proces in te gaan en de eerste stappen naar een formele certificering te vergemakkelijken. De vertaling volgt zo goed mogelijk de oorspronkelijke Engelse tekst voor wat betreft de gehanteerde terminologie. Daar waar in de oorspronkelijke tekst de term Repository gebruikt wordt, spreekt de Nederlandse vertaling van digitaal archief. Een uiteindelijke formele certificering is altijd een beschrijving van de eigen context en dient in het Engels gedaan te worden. Om die reden zijn de kopjes boven alle Requirements onvertaald gelaten: dan ziet u direct welke beschrijving bij welke Requirement hoort. Behalve de CoreTrustSeal Requirements zelf, die onveranderd blijven voor de periode 2020-2022, bevat het document aanvullende toelichtingen (‘Extended Guidance’) voor reviewers en aanvragers van de CoreTrustSeal. Het kan zijn dat de aanvullende toelichtingen in de periode 2020-2022 worden aangepast, maar dit gebeurt alleen na goedkeuring door het bestuur van CoreTrustSeal. Verder bevat het document een verwijzing naar een in het Nederlands vertaalde begrippenlijst. Het doel van het document is een consistente beoordeling van alle CoreTrustSeal-aanvragen. Het is in eerste instantie bedoeld voor de reviewers, maar het is ook nuttig voor de zelfevaluatie van de aanvragers.
К ВОПРОСУ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИИ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНЫХ И ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКИХ ВЕСТИБУЛОПАТИЙ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Creators: name: Мадмаров, Д.А.
name: Усманова, Д.Д.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Диагностика генеза головокружения и в настоящее время – одна из сложнейших задач медицины вследствие большого количества разнообразных по генезу патологий с данным синдромом. В статье приведен обзор литературы последних лет по вопросам распространенности, этиопатогенеза, диагностики, дифференциальной диагностики, лечению и реабилитации вестибулопатий центрального и периферического генеза.
Optineurin is Neuroprotective against Herpes simplex Virus Type-1 Infection
Creators: name: Ames, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: OPTN is a conserved protein that regulates selective autophagy and signaling through ubiquitin binding. Patients with mutations in OPTN often develop glaucoma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or other neurodegenerative diseases. Fast-replicating neurotropic herpesviruses naturally infect the CNS. However, most individuals suppress the virus during a primary infection, preventing potential CNS damage. Using both in vitro and in vivo OPTN knockout and knockdown models, this study presents the first evidence that OPTN is required for restriction of the neurotropic virus, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). We show that OPTN selectively targeted HSV-1 tegument protein, VP16, and the fusion glycoprotein, gB, to degradation by autophagy in vitro. Ocular HSV-1 infection was lethal in vivo for Optn-/- mice. OPTN was required for optimal lymph node activation and T-lymphocyte recruitment and for suppression of neuronal necroptosis. Treatment with a necroptosis inhibitor rescued Optn-/- mice from herpes encephalitis. Examination of ocular pathology revealed that Optn-/- mice rapidly and permanently lose corneal and whisker sensitivity and have more severe herpes keratitis. scRNAseq revealed there is a loss of neuronal activity of Optn-/- animals, and pathway analysis highlighted multiple pathways that may underlie the exacerbated pathology of the PNS following HSV-1 infection. These results place OPTN at the crux of neuronal survival from potentially lethal CNS or PNS viral infections and provide direction for future studies.
title: "Key Points" para el diagnóstico mediante TC de la patología abdominal aguda inusual.
Creators: name: Torga Sanchez, Selena
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: eLearning
subject: Pathology

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Mostrarlos principales hallazgos en TC de la patología abdominal aguda poco frecuente,
para establecer un diagnóstico radiológico...
The Role of Mitophagy in the Differentiation of Human iPSCs
Creators: name: Krantz, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Pluripotent stem cells shift their mitochondrial metabolism upon differentiation but the mechanisms underlying such a metabolic rewiring are not fully understood. We hypothesized that during differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), mitochondria undergo mitophagy and are then replenished by the biogenesis of new mitochondria adapted to the metabolic needs of the differentiated cell. We observed a burst of mitophagy during the initial phases of hiPSC differentiation into the endothelial lineage, followed by subsequent mitochondrial biogenesis using the mitochondrial biogenesis biosensor MitoTimer. Differentiating iPSCs generated greater amounts of ATP from fatty acid oxidation than undifferentiated hiPSCs which relied on glutamine metabolism. We also found that the mitochondrial phosphatase PGAM5 is cleaved in hiPSC-derived endothelial progenitor cells and activates β-catenin-mediated transcription of the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α which regulates mitochondrial biogenesis. These findings reveal a mitophagy-mediated mechanism for metabolic rewiring and maturation of differentiating cells via the β-catenin pathway. Such a mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk during hiPSC differentiation could be leveraged to enhance the metabolic maturation of differentiated cells.
The Building Up of the Black Hole Mass - Stellar Mass Relation
Creators: name: Lamastra, Alessandra
name: Menci, Nicola
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Fiore, Fabrizio
name: Merloni, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the growth of SMBHs relative to the stellar content of their host galaxy predicted under the assumption of BH accretion triggered by galaxy encounters occurring during their merging histories. We show that, within this framework, the ratio Gamma=(M_BH/M_*)(z)/(M_BH/M_*)(z=0) between the Black Hole mass and the galactic stellar mass (normalized to the local value) depends on both BH mass and redshift. While the average value and the spread of Gamma(z) increase with z, such an effect is larger for massive BHs, reaching values Gamma=5 for massive Black Holes (M>10^9 M_{\odot}) at z>4, in agreement with recent observations of high-redshift QSOs; this is due to the effectiveness of interactions in triggering BH accretion in high-density environments at high redshifts. To test such a model against observations, we worked out specific predictions for sub-samples of the simulated galaxies corresponding to the different observational samples for which measurements of Gamma have been obtained. We found that for Broad Line AGNs at 14.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
title: Bezoar como diagnóstico diferencial en el abdomen agudo
Creators: name: Fernandez Ferrando, Maria Jesús
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
1.
Estudio del bezoar como entidad patológica y sus diferentes tipos. 2.
Describir los patrones radiológicos en las distintas pruebas. 3.
Establecer el diagnóstico diferencial. 4.
Reconocer la presencia de posibles...
The Role of Religiosity in HPV Vaccination
Creators: name: Olagoke, Ayokunle
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Abstract This dissertation clarified the roles that religiosity play in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among Christian parents of unvaccinated adolescents. Although religiosity has been cited as a potent driver of vaccine decisions, its exact role has been unclear, making it hard to intervene effectively. Existing studies suggest that the uncertainty in the role of religiosity in HPV vaccination may be due to the non-monolithic nature of religiosity and variation in the psychosocial factors (threat appraisal, coping appraisal, and attitudes) emphasized in HPV messages. Understanding the role of religiosity is necessary to guide the development of interventions to increase HPV vaccination among religious parents. I administered a survey first to explore the association between three dimensions of religiosity (i.e., organizational, non-organizational, and intrinsic religiosity) and the intention to seek HPV information. Second, I examined the interdependent roles of the psychosocial factors to identify what factor may be more important to address when designing an HPV messaging intervention. Third, I created and tested an attitude-based religiously framed HPV message that addressed anti-vaccination religious beliefs using a randomized controlled trial. My findings showed no association between the three domains of religiosity and information-seeking intention. It also identified attitude towards vaccination as a mediator of the association between coping appraisal and vaccination intention. Finally, the religiously framed message targeted at parent's anti-vaccination attitudes effectively increased parents' vaccination intention compared to a secular HPV vaccination message from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention. In summary, this dissertation suggests that religiosity may not play a role in HPV information-seeking intention unless there is a deliberate effort to leverage religiosity to influence vaccination decisions. However, religiosity may play a positive role in increasing HPV vaccination intention through a scripture-embedded HPV vaccination message (merging scriptural references and scientific facts) that targets anti-vaccination religious beliefs. Therefore, future faith-based interventions can increase HPV vaccination among religious parents by identifying their most practiced religiosity domains, their anti-vaccination religious beliefs, and designing scripture-embedded messaging interventions to address their barrier beliefs. This approach may promote health equity in HPV vaccination by ensuring equitable messaging for religious parents.
A feed-forward neural network as a nonlinear dynamics integrator for supercontinuum generation
Creators: name: Salmela, Lauri
name: Hary, Mathilde
name: Mabed, Mehdi
name: Foi, Alessandro
name: Dudley, John M.
name: Genty, Goëry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear propagation of ultrashort pulses in optical fiber depends sensitively on both input pulse and fiber parameters. As a result, optimizing propagation for specific applications generally requires time-consuming simulations based on sequential integration of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE). Here, we train a feed-forward neural network to learn the differential propagation dynamics of the GNLSE, allowing emulation of direct numerical integration of fiber propagation, and particularly the highly complex case of supercontinuum generation. Comparison with a recurrent neural network shows that the feed-forward approach yields faster training and computation, and reduced memory requirements. The approach is generic and can be extended to other physical systems.
Evolution of the coupling constant in SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two adjoint fermions
Creators: name: Hietanen, Ari J.
name: Rummukainen, Kari
name: Tuominen, Kimmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the evolution of the coupling constant using the Schroedinger functional method in the lattice formulation of SU(2) gauge theory with two massless Dirac fermions in the adjoint representation. We observe strong evidence for an infrared fixed point, where the theory becomes conformal. We measure the continuum beta-function and the coupling constant as a function of the energy scale.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; published, slightly extended version with added references. Conclusions unchanged
Finding Useful Predictions by Meta-gradient Descent to Improve Decision-making
Creators: name: Kearney, Alex
name: Koop, Anna
name: Günther, Johannes
name: Pilarski, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In computational reinforcement learning, a growing body of work seeks to express an agent's model of the world through predictions about future sensations. In this manuscript we focus on predictions expressed as General Value Functions: temporally extended estimates of the accumulation of a future signal. One challenge is determining from the infinitely many predictions that the agent could possibly make which might support decision-making. In this work, we contribute a meta-gradient descent method by which an agent can directly specify what predictions it learns, independent of designer instruction. To that end, we introduce a partially observable domain suited to this investigation. We then demonstrate that through interaction with the environment an agent can independently select predictions that resolve the partial-observability, resulting in performance similar to expertly chosen value functions. By learning, rather than manually specifying these predictions, we enable the agent to identify useful predictions in a self-supervised manner, taking a step towards truly autonomous systems.
Instantaneous cardioacceleration in response to high-intensity, short-duration isometric contractions
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Eiji
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate on a beat-by-beat basis, the nature of the instantaneous cardioacceleration resulting from short-duration, high-intensity, isometric contractions; to determine the relationship between relative muscular tension and cycle time, actual change in cycle time and relative change in cycle time; and to determine the effect of short-duration, high-intensity, isometric contractions on the recovery rate of cycle time. Muscular tensions and electrocardiograms were recorded before, during and after the isometric task and relative muscular tension, cycle time, actual change in cycle time and relative change in cycle time were calculated from these recordings. The sample population consisted of thirty university males. Each subject was randomly assigned to one of three groups. The task consisted of either a 50% MVC, 75% MVC or 100% MVC to be held for 10-seconds. Dynamometer and ECG recordings were monitered for the 15-seconds immediately before the contraction, the 10-seconds during the contraction and the 15-seconds immediately following the contraction. The hypotheses were: at the onset of an isometric contraction, the initial rate of increase of the relative change in cycle time is directly related to the magnitude of the percent maximal voluntary contraction; during the isometric contraction, the relative muscular tension is more closely related to the relative change in cycle time than either cycle time or actual change in cycle time; and, upon release of the isometric contraction, the initial rate of decrease of the relative change in cycle time is directly related to the magnitude of the percent maximal voluntary contraction. The trend analysis of the relative change in cycle time, during contraction, indicated that the linear and quadratic trends were different between the three groups. However, trend analyses of paired comparisons between the three groups indicated that the trends of the 50% MVC and 75% MVC groups were significantly different from the trend of the 100% MVC group, but, were not significantly different from each other. The post-hoc Newman-Keuls analysis indicated that the heart responded differently over the first five beats than over the last five beats, suggesting that there are at least two phases in the cardio-acceleratory response to isometric contractions and these two phases may be a result of a central and a peripheral heart-trigger mechanism. The trend analysis of the relative change in cycle time, during recovery, indicated a significant linear trend in beats with a significant difference in this trend between groups. However, observation of the graphic plot of means indicated that the data did not support the hypothesis, that the initial rate of decrease of relative change in cycle time was directly related to the magnitude of the %MVC. The non-support may have been due to the masking effect of respiration.
Stress response inside perturbed particle assemblies
Creators: name: Silbert, Leonardo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of structural disorder on the stress response inside three dimensional particle assemblies is studied using computer simulations of frictionless sphere packings. Upon applying a localised, perturbative force within the packings, the resulting {\it Green's} function response is mapped inside the different assemblies, thus providing an explicit view as to how the imposed perturbation is transmitted through the packing. In weakly disordered arrays, the resulting transmission of forces is of the double-peak variety, but with peak widths scaling linearly with distance from the source of the perturbation. This behaviour is consistent with an anisotropic elasticity response profile. Increasing the disorder distorts the response function until a single-peak response is obtained for fully disordered packings consistent with an isotropic description.
description: 8 pages, 7 figure captions To appear in Granular Matter
title: Hallazgos en TC y RM del linfoma facial.
Creators: name: Ruiz Gutierrez, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Lymphoma

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar y describir las principales características radiológicas del linfoma...
Thermo-acoustic wave propagation and reflection near the liquid-gas critical point
Creators: name: Zhang, P.
name: Shen, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermo-acoustic wave propagation and reflection near the liquid-gas critical point. Specifically, we perform a numerical investigation of the acoustic responses in a near-critical fluid to thermal perturbations based on the same setup of a recent ultrasensitive interferometry measurement in CO2 [Y. Miura et al. Phys. Rev. E 74, 010101(R) (2006)]. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. New features regarding the reflection pattern of thermo-acoustic waves near the critical point under pulse perturbations are revealed by the proper inclusion of the critically diverging bulk viscosity.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, Accepted by PRE (Rapid Communication)
Quantum pumping in graphene
Creators: name: Prada, Elsa
name: San-Jose, Pablo
name: Schomerus, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that graphene-based quantum pumps can tap into evanescent modes, which penetrate deeply into the device as a consequence of Klein tunneling. The evanescent modes dominate pumping at the Dirac point, and give rise to a universal response under weak driving for short and wide pumps, in close analogy to their role for the minimal conductivity in ballistic transport. In contrast, evanescent modes contribute negligibly to normal pumps. Our findings add a new incentive for the exploration of graphene-based nanoelectronic devices.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Published version
title: Lesiones mamarias benignas con hallazgos radiológicos de malignidad.
Creators: name: Navarro Aguilar, Vicente
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El objetivo de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto las dificultades diagnósticas,
tanto desde el punto de vista clínico como de imagen,
de entidades benignas que presentan a la exploración física y en la imagen hallazgos sospechosos de...
title: La RM en el estudio de la disfunción del suelo pélvico: experiencia de un centro.
Creators: name: Lerma del Valle, Marta Deseada
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Defecography

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La disfunción del suelo pélvico,
patología que afecta principalmente a la mujer,
determina una sintomatología que condiciona un fuerte impacto en la calidad de vida de quien la padece.
Habitualmente involucra simultáneamente a varios...
Light scattering by ultracold atoms in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Rist, Stefan
name: Menotti, Chiara
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically light scattering of photons by ultracold atoms in an optical lattice in the linear regime. A full quantum theory for the atom-photon interactions is developed as a function of the atomic state in the lattice along the Mott-insulator -- superfluid phase transition, and the photonic scattering cross section is evaluated as a function of the energy and of the direction of emission. The predictions of this theory are compared with the theoretical results of a recent work on Bragg scattering in time-of-flight measurements [A.M. Rey, {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 72}, 023407 (2005)]. We show that, when performing Bragg spectroscopy with light scattering, the photon recoil gives rise to an additional atomic site to site hopping, which can interfere with ordinary tunneling of matter waves and can significantly affect the photonic scattering cross section.
description: 13 pages, 6 fig, (accepted in PRA)
title: El ABC de las infecciones  intracraneales  en el adulto.
Creators: name: Duran Palacios, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Infection

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir los procesos infecciosos intracraneales más frecuentes enfocándolos dentro de un contexto clínico adecuado,
así como describir sus diagnósticos diferenciales. Revisar los hallazgos radiológicos más significativos de la Tomografía...