cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theoretical binding studies of the clostridial tetanus toxin and the ganglioside GD1b
Creators: name: Buczko, Ellen Sara
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The goal of this project was to clarify the mechanism of action of Clostridium tetani toxin through the study of its binding processes with the native ligand, the membrane-bound neuronal ganglioside GD1b, using computational methods such as homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and rigid body ligand docking. This study is expected to contribute to the identification of molecular targets for disease control through the study of the carbohydrate components of the ganglioside ligand as well as the development of schemes for docking carbohydrates to proteins. Tetanus is a member of the general A/B class of toxins with separate ligand binding and catalytic domains. Initial binding proceeds through a multistep transitional pathway, enabling a first low affinity contact with a membrane-bound ganglioside and a second high affinity contact with a membrane-bound receptor. In toxins of the Clostridium family, the toxin remains outside the cell until the binding event induces endocytosis. Characterization of the dynamics of this process is difficult because of the essential role of the membrane. Static methods such as x-ray crystallography can provide insights into initial and final states, but the size and complexity of the protein prohibits structural and dynamic studies by physical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. However, computational methods have proven a viable approach for the study of binding and the accompanying dihedral transitions that are important in conformational research. This dissertation focuses on the initial stages of the process, i.e., the first ganglioside binding/release step to determine ligand binding positions and putative dihedral transitions and equilibrium distributions of low energy conformers of the components of the ganglioside GD1b. This project necessitates the testing and modification of tools for computational methods, including the requisite development of a novel force field parameter set for carbohydrates in the CHARMM (Chemistry at Harvard Molecular Mechanics) computational package and analytical docking methods with validation against known carbohydrate/protein complexes. Overall, the project proceeds on three levels: identification of the carbohydrate binding domain on the tetanus toxin; building, parameterization, and molecular dynamics simulations of the components of the ganglioside ligand; and examination of the binding process through original docking schemes.
Analysis of seasonal and diurnal trends in surface ozone concentrations from Arctic research sites (Summit/Greenland; Barrow/Alaska)
Creators: name: Rivera Rivera, Nancy
name: Helmig, Detlev
name: Weis Taylor, Pat
name: Barnes, Timothy
name: Sand, Summer
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Troposphere
Oxidation
Greenhouse gas
Ozone depletion
Snowpack
Solar irradiance

Tropospheric ozone (Oâ) is one of the most important atmospheric constituents. It is fundamental in determining oxidation processes in the atmosphere. It also severs as a major greenhouse gas, thus playing a key role in the energy balance of the atmosphere. Recent research had revealed springtime ozone depletion at Arctic Sites. This evidence show that the interaction of atmospheric gases and the Polar snowpack are linked be some photochemical processes. Previous measurements made at Summit, Greenland have demonstrated that ozone is rapidly destroyed in surface snow during periods of solar irradiance. In this study, temporal and spatial changes in surface ozone from Summit, Greenland and Barrow, Alaska were studied. The goal of this project was to better understand ozone depletion and its dependence on photochemical processes in the snowpack. The diurnal and seasonal changes in surface ozone concentration and their dependence on the solar radiation and meteorological parameters were investigated. The comparison of data from Barrow and Summit gave new insight into how surface ozone is influenced by proximity to the ocean, altitude, and solar radiation. Ozone depletion during the period of polar sunrise is a consistent phenomenon at coastal location, whereas at Summit, opposite seasonal cycles with spring maxima are observed.
Li-Yorke and Devaney chaotic uniform dynamical systems amongst weighted shifts
Creators: name: Shirazi, Fatemah Ayatollah Zadeh
name: Hakimi, Elaheh
name: Hosseini, Arezoo
name: Rezavand, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B02, 54H15

description: In this paper, for finite discrete field $F$, nonempty set $Γ$, weight vector $\mathfrak{w}=({\mathfrak w}_α)_{α\inΓ}\in F^Γ$ and weighted generalized shift $σ_{φ,{\mathfrak w}}:F^Γ\to F^Γ$, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for uniform dynamical system $(F^Γ,σ_{φ,{\mathfrak w}})$ to be Li--Yorke chaotic. Next we find necessary and sufficient conditions for $(F^Γ,σ_{φ,{\mathfrak w}})$ to be Devaney chaotic.
description: 15 pages
Theoretical binding studies of the clostridial tetanus toxin and the ganglioside GD1b
Creators: name: Buczko, Ellen Sara
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The goal of this project was to clarify the mechanism of action of Clostridium tetani toxin through the study of its binding processes with the native ligand, the membrane-bound neuronal ganglioside GD1b, using computational methods such as homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and rigid body ligand docking. This study is expected to contribute to the identification of molecular targets for disease control through the study of the carbohydrate components of the ganglioside ligand as well as the development of schemes for docking carbohydrates to proteins. Tetanus is a member of the general A/B class of toxins with separate ligand binding and catalytic domains. Initial binding proceeds through a multistep transitional pathway, enabling a first low affinity contact with a membrane-bound ganglioside and a second high affinity contact with a membrane-bound receptor. In toxins of the Clostridium family, the toxin remains outside the cell until the binding event induces endocytosis. Characterization of the dynamics of this process is difficult because of the essential role of the membrane. Static methods such as x-ray crystallography can provide insights into initial and final states, but the size and complexity of the protein prohibits structural and dynamic studies by physical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. However, computational methods have proven a viable approach for the study of binding and the accompanying dihedral transitions that are important in conformational research. This dissertation focuses on the initial stages of the process, i.e., the first ganglioside binding/release step to determine ligand binding positions and putative dihedral transitions and equilibrium distributions of low energy conformers of the components of the ganglioside GD1b. This project necessitates the testing and modification of tools for computational methods, including the requisite development of a novel force field parameter set for carbohydrates in the CHARMM (Chemistry at Harvard Molecular Mechanics) computational package and analytical docking methods with validation against known carbohydrate/protein complexes. Overall, the project proceeds on three levels: identification of the carbohydrate binding domain on the tetanus toxin; building, parameterization, and molecular dynamics simulations of the components of the ganglioside ligand; and examination of the binding process through original docking schemes.
Protection of the Ethiopian Wolf: What are tourists willing to pay for?
Creators: name: Estifanos, Tafesse
name: Polyakov, Maksym
name: Pandit, Ram
name: Hailu, Atakelty
name: Burton, Michael
name: Estifanos, Tafesse
name: Polyakov, Maksym
name: Pandit, Ram
name: Hailu, Atakelty
name: Burton, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Afroalpine habitat
subject: choice experiments
subject: endangered species
subject: Ethiopian wolf
subject: protected area
subject: random parameter logit

description: Ethiopian wolf, Canis simensis, is among the most threatened carnivore species in Africa. Habitat loss and disease transmission threaten its survival. Our understanding of the wolf’s contributions to ecosystem services and economic benefits of its preservation is limited because there has been insufficient research on economic valuation. This study uses choice experiments to investigate preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation programs among tourists travelling to the Bale Mountains National Park, one of the major habitats for the wolf. Program attributes valued include size of the protected area, size of the wolf population, tourist access to wolf habitat and recreational facilities. A random parameter logit model is fitted to the data to account for heterogeneity in preferences. The results show that tourists WTP is up to Ethiopian Birr 130.81 (US$ 5.82)/day/trip for enhancement of the wolf population from 200 to 250 wolves, but very little beyond that level. The visitors are willing to pay for the increase of protected area and the ease of access to the wolf habitat. Visitors WTP is significantly influenced by prior visitor experience in other protected areas in Ethiopia and interest in viewing other unique species in the park. The findings suggest that non-use values must be taken into account in decisions on the nature and magnitude of more appropriate Ethiopian wolf conservation programs.
Additional file 1 of Characterization of two in vivo challenge models to measure functional activity of monoclonal antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein
Creators: name: Raghunandan, Rama
name: Mayer, Bryan T.
name: Yevel Flores-Garcia
name: Gerber, Monica W.
name: Gottardo, Raphael
name: Jhun, Hugo
name: Herrera, Sonia M.
name: Perez-Ramos, Daniel W.
name: Locke, Emily
name: C. Richter King
name: Zavala, Fidel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Log10 flux values for studies for Liver Burden studies using AB317.
Accelerating linear system solvers for time domain component separation of cosmic microwave background data
Creators: name: Papež, J.
name: Grigori, L.
name: Stompor, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Component separation is one of the key stages of any modern, cosmic microwave background (CMB) data analysis pipeline. It is an inherently non-linear procedure and typically involves a series of sequential solutions of linear systems with similar, albeit not identical system matrices, derived for different data models of the same data set. Sequences of this kind arise for instance in the maximization of the data likelihood with respect to foreground parameters or sampling of their posterior distribution. However, they are also common in many other contexts. In this work we consider solving the component separation problem directly in the measurement (time) domain, which can have a number of important advantageous over the more standard pixel-based methods, in particular if non-negligible time-domain noise correlations are present as it is commonly the case. The time-domain based approach implies, however, significant computational effort due to the need to manipulate the full volume of time-domain data set. To address this challenge, we propose and study efficient solvers adapted to solving time-domain-based, component separation systems and their sequences and which are capable of capitalizing on information derived from the previous solutions. This is achieved either via adapting the initial guess of the subsequent system or through a so-called subspace recycling, which allows to construct progressively more efficient, two-level preconditioners. We report an overall speed-up over solving the systems independently of a factor of nearly 7, or 5, in the worked examples inspired respectively by the likelihood maximization and likelihood sampling procedures we consider in this work.
Additional file 1 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training in insufficiently active adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Kapsal, Nathanial
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1:. PRISMA Flow Diagram. Diagram to be populated with study selection process according to PRISMA guidelines.
Static quark potential and effective string corrections in the (2+1)-d SU(2) Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Caselle, M.
name: Pepe, M.
name: Rago, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a very accurate measurement of the static quark potential in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in (2+1) dimensions in order to study the corrections to the linear behaviour. We perform numerical simulations at zero and finite temperature comparing our results with the corrections given by the effective string picture in these two regimes. We also check for universal features discussing our results together with those recently published for the (2+1)-d Z(2) and SU(3) pure gauge theories.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
From elderly care institutions to long-term care policy: Evolution of nursing homes in the United States and China
Creators: name: Chan, Jane Puzhen
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: Background. This study investigates the evolution of nursing homes in the U.S. and China. Nursing homes are currently the sole type of institutions providing long-term care (LTC) for elderly in the both countries. With global population aging today, governments worldwide have begun to realize the severity of problems in their LTC system, particularly concerning nursing home access, cost and quality, which has become a salient public policy issue. Theory. Multiple theoretical frameworks have been applied---historical institutional theory, rational choice and organization theory. Together, it bases on the premise that institutions structure the distribution of power and resources in society and thus influence the strategies that various social groups adopt to pursue their interests, shape their goals and expectations, which helps to explain the LTC policy decisions. Research questions. (1) How were nursing homes created and transformed in the U.S. and China? (2) Why do nursing homes in both the U.S. and China generally perform ineffectively? (3) Do organizational structures affect nursing homes' effectiveness? Methodology. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are employed---multiple regression analysis, cross-nation historical comparative analysis, survey, case study, and non-participant observation. Findings. (1) In both the studied countries, nursing homes were not originated from the social institutions providing services to elderly. The early U.S. nursing homes were created for housing poor, while the early Chinese nursing homes were created for serving privileged cadres. (2) Nursing home ineffectiveness is caused at least partially by lack of citizen participation---nursing home residents have not directly played any critical roles in decision-making process. (3) Based on the data of this study, nonprofit nursing homes in both the U.S. and China are performing more effectively than for-profit and/or government-owned counterparties. Conclusion. The creation of elderly nursing homes was stimulated by presented interests, needs and goals of active social groups. These groups are critical forces in shaping the LTC institutions and related policies. Thus, the key policy implication is that the efforts of improving LTC institution effectiveness that lacks institution member involvement will end up being ineffective, if not completely in vain.
Additional file 2 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training in insufficiently active adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Kapsal, Nathanial
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2:. Full Search Strategy. List of all search terms for each database included in the systematic review.
Numerical resonances for Schottky surfaces via Lagrange-Chebyshev approximation
Creators: name: Bandtlow, Oscar
name: Pohl, Anke
name: Schick, Torben
name: Weiße, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 58J50, 37C30, 65F40, Secondary: 11M36, 37D35

description: We present a numerical method to calculate resonances of Schottky surfaces based on Selberg theory, transfer operator techniques and Lagrange-Chebyshev approximation. This method is an alternative to the method based on periodic orbit expansion used previously in this context.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, v2: more references and details added
Dependence of oxidant formation on NOx in the atmosphere of Mexico City
Creators: name: Sands, J.
name: Madronich, Sasha
name: Lee-Taylor, Julia
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Pollution
Troposphereic ozone
Hydrocarbons
Nitrogen oxides
Ultraviolet radiation
Tropics

Mexico City is one of the largest cities in the world and also one of the most polluted. It routinely exceeds standards for tropospheric ozone (O₃). O₃ is created by the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the presence of nitrogen oxides NOx (= NO + NO₂) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Mexico City’s location, at an altitude of 2230 m in the tropics, results in strong UV irradiation while the surrounding mountains trap pollutants. The hypothesis that ozone formation in Mexico City is controlled by NOx availability (NOx limited) is highly controversial. We explored this hypothesis using atmospheric data. We used the dataset of RAMA (Red Automática de Monitoreo Atmosférica) containing hourly measurements of O₃, NOx, and NO₂ concentrations over 13 years taken from 32 sites around Mexico City. We organized and analyzed the data using Fortran programs. Monthly plots of daytime O₃, NOx, and CO averaged over all stations indicated that levels of these species decreased from the years 1986-1994 to years 1995-1999. This observation reflects the air pollution control strategies that Mexico City implemented between those two periods. Correlation plots of station-averaged Ox versus NOx showed that as NOx increased so did Ox, indicating a NOx limited regime. Both time periods showed positive correlation slopes for each month indicating a NOx situation year round (except for July 1986-1994). Correlation intercepts, possibly related to background regional ozone, decreased between the two time periods. Ox-NOx correlations support the NOx limited hypothesis, suggesting that decreasing NOx emissions may help to reduce O₃ concentrations in the atmosphere of Mexico City.
Optimal representation of spectral lines as a linear combination of lines of fixed width
Creators: name: Singleton, Tamara
name: Mankin, William
name: Rabson, Diane
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Atmospheric transmission
Pressure
Mankin
Fourier
Line width

The computation of atmospheric transmission can contribute to the calculation of infrared spectra used in atmospheric research. Mankin (1979) constructed an algorithm that computes atmospheric transmission using the Fourier transform method that allows for continuous variation of the pressure along the path in the atmosphere (but not the temperature). The weakness of the algorithm is that it assumed all lines of a single molecule had the same pressure broadened line width. The goal of this study is to improve the accuracy in the computation of atmospheric transmission by representing a line of any width as a linear combination of a few lines of fixed widths. To do this, we determined the optimum distribution of line intensity among the set of fixed line widths using least squares analysis. The least squares analysis resulted in a general equation that generates line intensity given a fixed set of line widths and an actual line width. The water molecule was used to test the accuracy and efficiency of the calculation method because of its wide distribution of line strengths and line widths. Sample results showed a decrease in rms error by a factor of four using two fixed line widths and by a factor of ten using three fixed line widths compared with single line width.
Septic surgery special ward rules
Creators: name: Creator not identified.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1940
Subjects: subject: Sepsis
subject: Surgery
subject: Hospital Wards
subject: Surgical Wound Infection
subject: Postoperative Care
subject: Sepsis
subject: Postoperative Complications
subject: Surgical Drapes
subject: Postoperative Complications/prevention & control
subject: Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control
subject: Sepsis/prevention & control

description: Procedures for preventing post-operative infections.
From elderly care institutions to long-term care policy: Evolution of nursing homes in the United States and China
Creators: name: Chan, Jane Puzhen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Background. This study investigates the evolution of nursing homes in the U.S. and China. Nursing homes are currently the sole type of institutions providing long-term care (LTC) for elderly in the both countries. With global population aging today, governments worldwide have begun to realize the severity of problems in their LTC system, particularly concerning nursing home access, cost and quality, which has become a salient public policy issue. Theory. Multiple theoretical frameworks have been applied---historical institutional theory, rational choice and organization theory. Together, it bases on the premise that institutions structure the distribution of power and resources in society and thus influence the strategies that various social groups adopt to pursue their interests, shape their goals and expectations, which helps to explain the LTC policy decisions. Research questions. (1) How were nursing homes created and transformed in the U.S. and China? (2) Why do nursing homes in both the U.S. and China generally perform ineffectively? (3) Do organizational structures affect nursing homes' effectiveness? Methodology. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are employed---multiple regression analysis, cross-nation historical comparative analysis, survey, case study, and non-participant observation. Findings. (1) In both the studied countries, nursing homes were not originated from the social institutions providing services to elderly. The early U.S. nursing homes were created for housing poor, while the early Chinese nursing homes were created for serving privileged cadres. (2) Nursing home ineffectiveness is caused at least partially by lack of citizen participation---nursing home residents have not directly played any critical roles in decision-making process. (3) Based on the data of this study, nonprofit nursing homes in both the U.S. and China are performing more effectively than for-profit and/or government-owned counterparties. Conclusion. The creation of elderly nursing homes was stimulated by presented interests, needs and goals of active social groups. These groups are critical forces in shaping the LTC institutions and related policies. Thus, the key policy implication is that the efforts of improving LTC institution effectiveness that lacks institution member involvement will end up being ineffective, if not completely in vain.
The 27-plet Baryons from Chiral Soliton Models
Creators: name: Wu, Bin
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the perturbation method to calculate the masses and widths for 27-plet baryons with spin 3/2 from chiral soliton models. According to the masses and quantum numbers, we find all the candidates for non-exotic members of 27-plet. The calculation of the widths shows that these candidates manifest an approximate symmetry of the 27 representation of the SU(3) group, and the quantum numbers of $Ξ(1950)$ seem to be $I(J^P)={1/2}({3/2}^+)$. Up to leading order of the strange quark mass, we find that the exotic members have widths much larger than those of the anti-decuplet members.
description: 4 pages in Revtex format, 1 figure, version to appear in PRD
Anthophora (Pyganthophora) forbesi Cockerell 1907
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Anthophora (Pyganthophora) forbesi Cockerell, 1907
[Syntype: UCMC; ♀ Train Station, Maricopa, Arizona, USA; February 15, 1907]
The distribution of this species spans throughout Arizona, California, and Nevada, USA, and extends into BC, Mexico. Within BC, it has solely been observed within the Succulent Coastal Matorral in El Rosario in 1935 (Timberlake 1951). See fig. 80.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Quantum Vacuum Contribution to the Momentum of the Dielectric Media
Creators: name: Feigel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Momentum transfer between matter and electromagnetic field is analyzed. The related equations of motion and conservation laws are derived using relativistic formalism. Their correspondence to various, at first sight self-contradicting, experimental data (the so called Abraham-Minkowski controversy) is demonstrated. A new, Casimir like, quantum phenomenon is predicted: contribution of vacuum fluctuations to the motion of dielectric liquids in crossed electric and magnetic fields. Velocities about $50nm/s$ can be expected due to the contribution of high frequency vacuum modes.
Incompatibility of local measurements provide advantage in local quantum state discrimination
Creators: name: Sen, Kornikar
name: Halder, Saronath
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uncertainty principle may be considered as giving rise to the notion of incompatibility of observables. A pack of quantum measurements that cannot be measured simultaneously is said to form a set of incompatible measurements. Every set of incompatible measurements has an advantage over the compatible ones in a quantum state discrimination task where one prepares a state from an ensemble and sends it to another party, and the latter tries to detect the state using available measurements. Comparison between global and local quantum state discriminations is known to lead to a phenomenon of "nonlocality". In this work, we seal a connection between the domains of local quantum state discrimination and incompatible quantum measurements. We consider the local quantum state discrimination task where a sender prepares a bipartite state and sends the subsystems to two receivers. The receivers try to detect the sent state using locally incompatible measurements. We analyze the ratio of the probability of successfully guessing the state using incompatible measurements and the maximum probability of successfully guessing the state using compatible measurements. We find that this ratio is upper bounded by a simple function of robustnesses of incompatibilities of the local measurements. Interestingly, corresponding to every pair of sets of incompatible measurements, there exists at least one local state discrimination task where this bound can be achieved. We argue that the optimal local quantum state discrimination task does not present any "nonlocality", where the term is used in the sense of a difference between the ratios, of probabilities of successful detection via incompatible and compatible measurements, in global and local state discriminations. The results can be generalized to the regime of multipartite local quantum state distinguishing tasks.
description: v2: figures added describing the scenarios considered, some notations bettered, 12 pages
Kinematic and microphysical evolution of the 29 June supercell during STEPS
Creators: name: Tessendorf, Sarah
name: Knight, Charles
name: Dunnebecke, Joanne
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Colorado
Kansas
Microphysics
Severe storms
Lightning production
Hail
Tornado
Doppler radar

The Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) too place between 17 May 2000 and 20 July 2000 in eastern Colorado and western Kansas. One goal of STEPS is to find a relationship between the microphysics and dynamics of severe storms on the High Plains and their unusual positive cloud-to-ground lightning production. A severe storm observed on 29 Jun 2000, which produced large hail, frequent positive cloud-to-ground lightning, and an F1 tornado, is the focus of this research. Measurements from three Doppler radars were combined to produce the three-dimensional winds in the storm. Radial components of the wind fields relative to the three Doppler radars were combined to produce the three-dimensional winds in the storm. Bulk precipitation types (e.g. rain, hail) were objectively determined using the multi-parameter variables available on two of the radars. The Doppler-derived kinematic fields were then compared with the microphysical classifications over a nearly three-hour period to look for trends in their evolution. The updraft of this storm fluctuated, with speeds up to nearly 50 m s^-1. The peaks in hail production aloft, largely around -10Â°C, were well correlated with peaks the in the frequency of positive cloud-to-ground lightning flashes. This fits with some experimental work that shows positive charging in ice-ice collisions around -10Â°C. The results of this study will be used to help determine the electrification mechanisms of severe storms that produce predominantly positive cloud-to-ground lightning.
A note on the $f$-divergences between multivariate location-scale families with either prescribed scale matrices or location parameters
Creators: name: Nielsen, Frank
name: Okamura, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We first extend the result of Ali and Silvey [Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B, 28.1 (1966), 131-142] who first reported that any $f$-divergence between two isotropic multivariate Gaussian distributions amounts to a corresponding strictly increasing scalar function of their corresponding Mahalanobis distance. We report sufficient conditions on the standard probability density function generating a multivariate location family and the function generator $f$ in order to generalize this result. This property is useful in practice as it allows to compare exactly $f$-divergences between densities of these location families via their corresponding Mahalanobis distances, even when the $f$-divergences are not available in closed-form as it is the case, for example, for the Jensen-Shannon divergence or the total variation distance between densities of a normal location family. Second, we consider $f$-divergences between densities of multivariate scale families: We recall Ali and Silvey 's result that for normal scale families we get matrix spectral divergences, and we extend this result to densities of a scale family.
description: 17 pages, 1 table, 1 figure
Predicting high-wind events impacting Barrow, Alaska through analysis of past regional sea-level pressure patterns
Creators: name: Kahn-Thornbrugh, Casey
name: Lynch, Amanda
name: Cassano, Liz
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2003

Barrow, Alaska is a coastal community that is vulnerable to coastal flooding and structural damage from local high-wind events during the "ice-free" season from late summer through autumn. Historically, high latitude cyclonic storms with high-winds rarely have affected Barrow, however, with the current warming trend in the Arctic, these storms with high-winds may become more intense. This project intended to identify regional sea-level pressure (SLP) patterns associated with high-wind events in Barrow. This was done with the use of the Self Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm, which identifies frequently occurring spatial patterns within a large data set. The regional of interest encompasses Alaska, eastern Siberia, the Chukchi Sea, the Bearing Sea, and the Beaufort Sea. The 12-hourly SLP input data was obtained from the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis for the period August 1 to November 30 from 1948 to 2001. This data was run through the SOM software, which was configured to identify 48 distinct SLP patterns. The 48 SLP output patterns were compared to actual SLP patterns from 14 high-wind events in Barrow from 1950 to 2000. Seventy-two percent of the 12-hourly SLP patterns from the 14 storms were similar to one or more of the 48 SLP output patterns. With the identification of specific types of SLP patterns that have the potential to be destructive to Barrow, local weather forecasters can relay the information to Barrow residents so they are provided with enough time to prepare for these high-wind events.
Towards Scalable Bosonic Quantum Error Correction
Creators: name: Terhal, Barbara M.
name: Conrad, Jonathan
name: Vuillot, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some of the recent efforts in devising and engineering bosonic qubits for superconducting devices, with emphasis on the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubit. We present some new results on decoding repeated GKP error correction using finitely-squeezed GKP ancilla qubits, exhibiting differences with previously studied stochastic error models. We discuss circuit-QED ways to realize CZ gates between GKP qubits and we discuss different scenario's for using GKP and regular qubits as building blocks in a scalable superconducting surface code architecture.
description: 54 pages; 18 Figs; 3 Appendices; invited topical review for Quantum Science & Technology. v2 has a few corrections and some additional references. v3 has a few additional corrections and references
MODIS observation of global tropospheric aerosols in 2001
Creators: name: Ueyama, Rei
name: Massie, Steven
name: Hosansky, David
name: Cross, Susan
name: Singleton, Tamara
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Desert dust
Sulfate aerosols
Industrial emissions
Temperature structure
Troposphere
Pollution
Aerosol potical depth

It is of interest to monitor aerosols (i.e. desert dusts and sulfate aerosols from industrial emissions) over land and ocean because aerosol particles influence the temperature structure and chemistry of the Earth’s troposphere. MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) observations of vertical column aerosol optical depths during 2001 were analyzed on a global and seasonal basis, and compared to regional sources of industrial tropospheric pollution. There was a general correspondence between annually averaged MODIS aerosol optical depth and that of the ECHMAN/GRANTOUR computer model. Both maps indicated high aerosol content over Africa and Asia. Furthermore, a general positive correlation was found when MODIS aerosol optical depth data for year 2001 were compared to regional sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emission values of Smith et al. (2001). Analysis of TOMS aerosol index, however, demonstrated that regional values of MODIS aerosol optical depth were influenced by the presence of desert dusts. Regional values were also influenced by the transport of aerosols from one region to another (e.g. from China to Japan). These results implied that future work, that will accurately distinguish aerosol types and factor in wind effects, is needed to use the MODIS instrument to study the impact of anthropogenic industrial SO₂ emissions upon tropospheric aerosol amount.
Zero Uncertainty States in the Presence of Quantum Memory
Creators: name: Zhu, Huangjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uncertainty principle imposes a fundamental limit on predicting the measurement outcomes of incompatible observables even if complete classical information of the system state is known. The situation is different if one can build a quantum memory entangled with the system. Zero uncertainty states (in contrast with minimum uncertainty states) are peculiar quantum states that can eliminate uncertainties of incompatible von Neumann observables once assisted by suitable measurements on the memory. Here we determine all zero uncertainty states of any given set of nondegenerate observables and determine the minimum entanglement required. It turns out all zero uncertainty states are maximally entangled in a generic case, and vice versa, even if these observables are only weakly incompatible. Our work establishes a simple and precise connection between zero uncertainty and maximum entanglement, which is of interest to foundational studies and practical applications, including quantum certification and verification.
description: 8+4 pages and two figures; title updated and published in npj Quantum Information
Dispersion of Magnetic Excitations in Superconducting Optimally Doped YBa_2Cu_3O_6.95
Creators: name: Reznik, D.
name: Bourges, P.
name: Pintschovius, L.
name: Endoh, Y.
name: Sidis, Y.
name: Matsui, T.
name: Tajima, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed neutron scattering measurements of YBa_2Cu_3O_6.95 found that the resonance peak and incommensurate magnetic scattering induced by superconductivity represent the same physical phenomenon: two dispersive branches that converge near 41 meV and the in-plane wave-vector q_af=(pi/a, pi/a) to form the resonance peak. One branch has a circular symmetry around q_af and quadratic downward dispersion from ~41 meV to the spin gap of 33+-1meV. The other, of lower intensity, disperses from ~41 meV to at least 55 meV. Our results exclude a quartet of vertical incommensurate rods in q-w space expected from spin waves produced by dynamical charge stripes as an origin of the observed incommensurate scattering in optimally-doped YBCO.
description: Version 3: Author change. Changes made throughout the text and minor changes in figures, Model parameters slightly changed after a small error in the calculation was discovered
Power meets Precision to explore the Symmetric Higgs Portal
Creators: name: Englert, Christoph
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Spannowsky, Michael
name: Stylianou, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive study of collider aspects of a Higgs portal scenario that is protected by an unbroken ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry. If the mass of the Higgs portal scalar is larger than half the Higgs mass, this scenario becomes very difficult to detect. We provide a detailed investigation of the model's parameter space based on analyses of the direct collider sensitivity at the LHC as well as at future lepton and hadron collider concepts and analyse the importance of these searches for this scenario in the context of expected precision Higgs and electroweak measurements. In particular we also consider the associated electroweak oblique corrections that we obtain in a first dedicated two-loop calculation for comparisons with the potential of, e.g., GigaZ. The currently available collider projections corroborate an FCC-hh 100 TeV as a very sensitive tool to search for such a weakly-coupled Higgs sector extension, driven by small statistical uncertainties over a large range of energy coverage. Crucially, however, this requires good theoretical control. Alternatively, Higgs signal-strength measurements at an optimal FCC-ee sensitivity level could yield comparable constraints.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables; v2: version published in PLB
Inhibiting Three-Body Recombination in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Search, Chris P.
name: Zhang, Weiping
name: Meystre, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of inhibiting three-body recombination in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates via the application of resonant $2π$ laser pulses. These pulses result in the periodic change in the phase of the molecular state by $π$, which leads to destructive interference between the decay amplitudes following successive pulses. We show that the decay rate can be reduced by several orders of magnitude under realistic conditions.
The Left Adjoint of Derived Parabolic Induction
Creators: name: Heyer, Claudius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F85, 18G80, 20G25

description: We prove that the derived parabolic induction functor, defined on the unbounded derived category of smooth mod $p$ representations of a $p$-adic reductive group, admits a left adjoint $\mathrm{L}(U,-)$. We study the cohomology functors $\mathrm{H}^i\circ \mathrm{L}(U,-)$ in some detail and deduce that $\mathrm{L}(U,-)$ preserves bounded complexes and global admissibility in the sense of Schneider--Sorensen. Using $\mathrm{L}(U,-)$ we define a derived Satake homomorphism und prove that it encodes the mod $p$ Satake homomorphisms defined explicitly by Herzig.
description: 52 pages. Comments welcome! v2: Strengthened Corollary 3.4.20 and removed the now obsolete construction of a character; v3: several other small changes. This version may differ slightly from published version
Anthophora (Pyganthophora) platti Timberlake 1951
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Anthophora (Pyganthophora) platti Timberlake, 1951 **
[Holotype: CASC ♂ Riverside, California, USA; March 18, 1936]
Anthophora platti represents a new species record for Mexico and the BCP. The BBPT collected a female in Coastal Sage Matorral in Maneadero in March 2021 (MABC). See fig. 80.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Variational principle for frozen-in vortex structures interacting with sound waves
Creators: name: Ruban, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General properties of conservative hydrodynamic-type models are treated from positions of the canonical formalism adopted for liquid continuous media, with applications to the compressible Eulerian hydrodynamics, special- and general-relativistic fluid dynamics, and two-fluid plasma model including the Hall-magnetohydrodynamics. A variational formulation is found for motion and interaction of frozen-in localized vortex structures and acoustic waves in a special description where dynamical variables are, besides the Eulerian fields of the fluid density and the potential component of the canonical momentum, also the shapes of frozen-in lines of the generalized vorticity. This variational principle can serve as a basis for approximate dynamical models with reduced number of degrees of freedom.
description: 7 pages, revtex4, no figures