cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical task decomposition and execution for robot manipulation task using a wrist force sensor
Creators: name: Kotzev, Shmuel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The research developed force-motion strategies and subsequent force and position control algorithms, using a PUMA 560 robot arm and its original controller. A task decomposition methodology has been developed that enables a mechanical assembly task to be subdivided into a series of executable subtasks. By applying this methodology to the assembly of a hydraulic gear pump, a library of special purpose, task oriented, subtask programs were created. Most of these programs, though derived for a pump assembly task, are applicable (when used with appropriate parameters) to other assembly tasks. Most of the algorithms require force/torque sensory information that is supplied by a JR³ wrist force sensor. The force control algorithms use that data and system compliance in order to produce new position instructions that are transferred to the controller of the arm. The logic of the control law and system behaviour when contacting the environment, were checked, using the dynamics and compliance of a simplified structure of a robotic arm and its wrist sensor. A demonstration of the pump assembly task, using the arm, force sensor, controller and the derived library algorithms is an integral part of the thesis.
Non-equilibrium work fluctuations for oscillators in non-Markovian baths
Creators: name: Mai, Trieu
name: Dhar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study work fluctuation theorems for oscillators in non-Markovian heat baths. By calculating the work distribution function for a harmonic oscillator with motion described by the generalized Langevin equation, the Jarzynski equality (JE), transient fluctuation theorem (TFT), and Crooks' theorem (CT) are shown to be exact. In addition to this derivation, numerical simulations of anharmonic oscillators indicate that the validity of these nonequilibrium theorems do not depend on the memory of the bath. We find that the JE and the CT are valid under many oscillator potentials and driving forces whereas the TFT fails when the driving force is asymmetric in time and the potential is asymmetric in position.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Shot noise in carbon nanotube based Fabry-Perot interferometers
Creators: name: Herrmann, L. G.
name: Delattre, T.
name: Morfin, P.
name: Berroir, J. -M.
name: Plaçais, B.
name: Glattli, D. C.
name: Kontos, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on shot noise measurements in carbon nanotube based Fabry-Perot electronic interferometers. As a consequence of quantum interferences, the noise power spectral density oscillates as a function of the voltage applied to the gate electrode. The quantum shot noise theory accounts for the data quantitatively. It allows to confirm the existence of two nearly degenerate orbitals. At resonance, the transmission of the nanotube approaches unity, and the nanotube becomes noiseless, as observed in quantum point contacts. In this weak backscattering regime, the dependence of the noise on the backscattering current is found weaker than expected, pointing either to electron-electron interactions or to weak decoherence.
title: AI3SD Video: Neural Networks and Explanatory Opacity
Creators: name: Mcneill, William
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AI, AI3SD Event, Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks

description: Deep artificial neural network (DANN) designers often accept that the systems they construct lack interpretability, are not transparent in other words, that they are inexplicable. It should not be obvious what they mean. Explanations, particularly in the neurosciences, are often thought to consist of the mechanisms which underpin observed phenomena. But DANN designers have complete access to the mechanisms underpinning the systems they build as well as access to their training sets, design parameters, training algorithms and so on. In this talk I distinguish various senses of explanation - ontic, epistemic, objective, subjective. The aims are (1) to help map out the various questions we might be interested in, (2) to scope the limits of mechanistic approaches to the question of explanation, and (3) to try to narrow down the sense in which DANNs are supposed to be explanatorily opaque.
Multi-scale theory of rotating turbulence
Creators: name: Leprovost, Nicolas
name: Kim, Eun-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider turbulence induced by an arbitrary forcing and derive turbulence amplitude and turbulent transport coefficients, first by using a quasi-linear theory and then by using a multi-scale renormalisation analysis. With an isotropic forcing, the quasi-linear theory gives that the turbulent transport coefficients, both parallel and perpendicular to the rotation vector, have the asymptotic scaling $Ω^{-1}$ for rapid rotation (i.e. when the rotation rate $Ω$ is larger than the inverse of the correlation time of the forcing and the diffusion time), while the renormalisation analysis suggests a weaker dependence on $Ω$, with $Ω^{-1/2}$ scaling. The turbulence amplitude is found to scale as $Ω^0 - Ω^{-1}$ in the rapid rotation limit depending on the property of the forcing. In the case of an anisotropic forcing, we find that non-diffusive fluxes of angular momentum scale as $Ω^{-2} - Ω^{-1}$ for rapid rotation, depending on the temporal correlation of the forcing.
title: Evidence Collections for Climate and Health
Creators: name: Newbould, Rebecca
name: Juel, Rachel
name: Dasaraju, Aparna
name: Whitmee, Sarah
name: Hughes, Robert
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2024

description: This project is formed of two evidence collections on behaviour ‘shifts’ that sit at the intersection of population health and climate change: making diets healthier and more sustainable and promoting active travel.
Panorama atual da educação superior no Brasil
Creators: name: Mota Júnior, Antônio de Macêdo
name: Freitas, Valéria Santana de
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Este trabalho exploratório-descritivo, bibliográfico e documental aborda o tema da política educacional, com o objetivo principal de evidenciar o panorama atual da educação superior no Brasil, a partir de uma contextualização histórica, abordando a caracterização e a estrutura da educação superior, no que diz respeito ao seu panorama legal e funcionamento. O estudo visa levantar os principais pontos relacionados com a educação superior no Brasil, buscando não só autores que versam sobre o tema, como também a utilização de bases de dados oficiais, como o Censo da Educação Superior. As informações coletadas demonstram que o ensino superior, seja público ou privado, tem passado por avanços e a sua construção, que está diretamente relacionada às decisões governamentais, precisa e deve atender às demandas da sociedade.
Quantum algebra of $N$ superspace
Creators: name: Hatcher, Nicolas
name: Restuccia, A.
name: Stephany, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the quantum algebra of position and momentum operators for a quantum system bearing an irreducible representation of the super Poincare algebra in the N>1 and D=4 superspace both in the case where there are not central charges in the algebra and when they are present. This algebra is noncommutative for the position operators. We use the properties of superprojectors acting on the superfields to construct explicit position and momentum operators satisfying the algebra. They act on the projected wave functions associated to the various supermultiplets with defined superspin present in the representation. We show that the quantum algebra associated to the massive superparticle appears in our construction and is described by a supermultiplet of superspin 0. This result generalizes the construction for D=4, N=1 reported recently. For the case N=2 with central charges we present the equivalent results when the central charge and the mass are different. For the kappa-symmetric case when these quantities are equal we discuss the reduction to the physical degrees of freedom of the corresponding superparticle and the construction of the associated quantum algebra.
description: 13 pages, Case with central charges included
title: How mathematics creates meaning in architecture
Creators: name: Salingaros, Nikos
Publisher: name: As fórmulas na arquitectura
Year: 2020

description: As fórmulas na arquitectura / 4.º Seminário Internacional de Arquitectura e Matemática ; coordenação de Fátima Silva, Elsa Negas, Rui Seco. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada, 2020. - P. 11-30.
Prospects for identifying the sources of the Galactic cosmic rays with IceCube
Creators: name: Halzen, Francis
name: Kappes, Alexander
name: O'Murchadha, Aongus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantitatively address whether IceCube, a kilometer-scale neutrino detector under construction at the South Pole, can observe neutrinos pointing back at the accelerators of the Galactic cosmic rays. The photon flux from candidate sources identified by the Milagro detector in a survey of the TeV sky is consistent with the flux expected from a typical cosmic-ray generating supernova remnant interacting with the interstellar medium. We show here that IceCube can provide incontrovertible evidence of cosmic-ray acceleration in these sources by detecting neutrinos. We find that the signal is optimally identified by specializing to events with energies above 30 TeV where the atmospheric neutrino background is low. We conclude that evidence for a correlation between the Milagro and IceCube sky maps should be conclusive after several years.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; part of the text and some figures have changed, conclusions remain the same; equals journal version
On the role of stochastic Fermi acceleration in setting the dissipation scale of turbulence in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Selkowitz, Robert I
name: Blackman, Eric G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dissipation by Fermi acceleration of magnetosonic turbulence in the Reynolds Layer of the interstellar medium. The scale in the cascade at which electron acceleration via stochastic Fermi acceleration (STFA) becomes comparable to further cascade of the turbulence defines the inner scale. For any magnetic turbulent spectra equal to or shallower than Goldreich-Sridhar this turns out to be $\ge 10^{12}$cm, which is much larger than the shortest length scales observed in radio scintillation measurements. While STFA for such spectra then contradict models of scintillation which appeal directly to an extended, continuous turbulent cascade, such a separation of scales is consistent with the recent work of \citet{Boldyrev2} and \citet{Boldyrev3} suggesting that interstellar scintillation may result from the passage of radio waves through the galactic distribution of thin ionized boundary surfaces of HII regions, rather than density variations from cascading turbulence. The presence of STFA dissipation also provides a mechanism for the non-ionizing heat source observed in the Reynolds Layer of the interstellar medium \citep{Reynolds}. STFA accommodates the proper heating power, and the input energy is rapidly thermalized within the low density Reynolds layer plasma.
description: 12 Pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Carbohydrate utilization in selected strains of British Columbia chinook salmon
Creators: name: Mazur, Carol Nelson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Digestible carbohydrate is commonly encountered by chinook salmon {Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in practical culture diets, although little is known regarding its utilization. This study was undertaken to examine (1) the effects of a high carbohydrate diet and (2) glucose tolerance in chinook salmon of selected British Columbia strains. Yearling chinook salmon of three strains were fed to satiation either a high or a low carbohydrate diet for 63 days. The diets were isonitrogenous, and contained respectively 30 % gelatinized wheat starch or an equicaloric amount of herring oil. There was an overall reduction in growth of chinook fed the high-carbohydrate diet over the 63-day feeding period. Although specific growth rates declined initially in the high carbohydrate-fed groups, they were comparable to those of control groups in the final third of the trial, indicating an adaptation response. Chinook fed the high carbohydrate diet had increased carcass protein and ash, and decreased carcass fat levels relative to controls. Feed intake was generally lower in these groups, and differences in feeding response were observed between diets and strains. Although feed and energy efficiencies were reduced in chinook fed the high carbohydrate diet, protein utilization was comparable on the two diets, indicating a protein-sparing effect of the carbohydrate. Consumption of the high carbohydrate diet led to significant elevations in hepatosomatic indices (HSI) and liver glycogen (LG) concentrations. In Quesnel chinook, LG levels exceeding 10 % did not appear to have any detrimental effects on feeding, growth or health. LG concentrations and HSI fell to basal levels in all groups 21 days after feed withdrawal. Some strain differences were evident. For example, Big Qualicum chinook fed the high carbohydrate diet exhibited the lowest liver glycogen accumulation, highest rate of carcass fat deposition, and best energy efficiency ratios relative to control groups, suggesting a difference in carbohydrate metabolism in this strain. On the other hand, Quesnel chinook exhibited the highest relative growth on the high carbohydrate diet. Mortality, although unaffected by diet in the Quesnel and Robertson Creek chinook, appeared to be higher in high carbohydrate-fed Big Qualicum chinook. In the second part of the study, chinook salmon subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test displayed pronounced and persistent hyperglycaemia, indicative of poor glucose tolerance. Strain differences were evident in the magnitude of response. Acclimation to a high carbohydrate diet prior to testing resulted in a significantly reduced elevation of blood glucose, indicating an adaptation response. While plasma glucose concentrations approached 500 mg/dl in some trials, plasma insulin concentrations exhibited a two-fold rise, with indistinct peaks. Plasma glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were poorly correlated, indicating that glucose is a poor insulin secretagogue in chinook salmon.
Comparison of anomaly detection techniques for wind turbine gearbox SCADA data
Creators: name: McKinnon, Conor
name: Carroll, James
name: McDonald, Alasdair
name: Koukoura, Sofia
name: Soraghan, Connaill
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This analysis looks at the use of anomaly detection to assess the condition of wind turbine gearboxes based on data from a number of operational turbines. A comparison is made between various methods of anomaly detection, these being one class support vector machine (OCSVM), random forests, and nonlinear autoregressive neural networks with exogenous inputs (NARX).
DMPonline - building an active user community
Creators: name: Drafiova, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: DMPonline, poster, community, building, RDA, poster

description: Community building and working with our customers – our partners, existing and potential new customers - is crucial for DMPonline. With the subscriptions being launched in 2018 it became even more important to meet with our community on a regular basis and find various strands how to build an active community of users. During the poster session we explained the different areas how we work on DMPonline community building and growth, the challenges, benefits as well as finding the right balancing act between various strands of collaboration.
Soft-excess in ULX spectra: disc emission or wind absorption?
Creators: name: Goncalves, A. C.
name: Soria, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the claim that Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) host intermediate-mass black holes (BH) by comparing the cool disc-blackbody model with a range of other models, namelly a more complex physical model based on a power-law component slightly modified at various energies by smeared emission/absorption lines from highly-ionized gas. Our main conclusion is that the presence of a soft excess, or a soft deficit, depends entirely on the energy range to which we choose to fit the ``true'' power-law continuum; hence, we argue that those components should not be taken as evidence for accretion disc emission, nor used to infer BH masses. We speculate that bright ULXs could be in a spectral state similar to (or an extension of) the steep-power-law state of Galactic BH candidates, in which the disc is completely comptonized and not directly detectable, and the power-law emission may be modified by the surrounding, fast-moving, ionized gas.
description: To appear in the proceedings of "The Multicoloured Landscape of Compact Objects and their Explosive Progenitors: Theory vs. Observations", Cefalu', Sicily, June 11-24, 2006 (AIP). Compilation needs specific AIP .clo, .cls, .sty and .tex files (included along with the paper .tex file and figures)
Stability of Mixed-Symmetry Superconducting States with Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry against Lattice Distortions
Creators: name: Shimahara, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the stability of mixed-symmetry superconducting states with broken time-reversal symmetry in spatial-symmetry-broken systems, including chiral states, on the basis of the free-energy functional derived in the weak-coupling theory. We consider a generic a_1 + i a_2 wave state, with a_1 and a_2 being different symmetry indices such as (a_1,a_2) = (d,s), (p_x,p_y), and (d,d').The time-reversal symmetry of the mixed-symmetry state with the a_1- and a_2-wave components is broken when the phases of these components differ, and such a state is called the time-reversal-symmetry breaking (TRSB) state. However, their phases are equated by Cooper-pair scattering between these components if it occurs; i.e., when the off-diagonal elements S_{a_1 a_2} = S_{a_2 a_1} of the scattering matrix are nonzero, they destabilize the TRSB state. Hence, it has often been believed that the TRSB state is stable only in systems with a spatial symmetry that guarantees S_{a_1 a_2}=0. We note that, contrary to this belief, the TRSB state can remain stable in systems without the spatial symmetry when the relative phase shifts so that S_{a_1 a_2} = 0 is restored, which results in a distorted TRSB (a_1 + a_2) + i a_2 wave state. Here, note that the restoration of S_{a_1 a_2} = 0 does not imply that the symmetry of the quasi-particle energy E_k is recovered. This study shows that such stabilization of the TRSB state occurs when the distortion is sufficiently small and Δ_{a_1} Δ_{a_2} is sufficiently large, where Δ_a is the amplitude of the a-wave component in the TRSB state in the absence of the distortion. We clarify the manner in which the shift in the relative phase eliminates S_{a_1 a_2} and prove that such a state yields a free-energy minimum. We also propose a formula for the upper bound of the degree of lattice distortion, below which the TRSB state can be stable.
description: 7 pages
Electrodynamics of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconducting state
Creators: name: Houzet, M.
name: Mineev, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the Ginzburg-Landau theory of the vortex lattice in clean isotropic three-dimensional superconductors at large Maki parameter, when inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state is favored. We show that diamagnetic superfluid currents mainly come from paramagnetic interaction of electron spins with local magnetic field, and not from kinetic energy response to the external field as usual. We find that the stable vortex lattice keeps its triangular structure as in usual Abrikosov mixed state, while the internal magnetic field acquires components perpendicular to applied magnetic field. Experimental possibilities related to this prediction are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Searching for AGN-driven Shocks in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Cavaliere, A.
name: Lapi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shocks and blastwaves are expected to be driven driven into the intracluster medium filling galaxy groups and clusters by powerful outbursts of active galactic nuclei or quasars in the member galaxies; the first footprints of shock fronts have been tentatively traced out with X-ray imaging. We show how overpressures in the blasts behind the shock can prove the case and also provide specific marks of the nuclear activity: its strength, its current stage, and the nature of its prevailing output. We propose to detect these marks with the aimed pressure probe constituted by the resolved Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. We compute and discuss the outcomes to be expected in nearby and distant sources at different stages of their activity.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, uses REVTeX4 + emulateapj.cls and apjfonts.sty. Accepted on ApJL
Interplay between superconductivity and ferromagnetism in epitaxial Nb(110)/Au(111)/Fe(110) trilayers
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Hiroki
name: Shannon, Nic
name: Takagi, Hidenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to clarify the influence of ferromagnetism on superconductivity through a normal metal layer, the superconducting properties of epitaxial Nb(110)/Au(111)/Fe(110) trilayers were studied as a function of the thickness tAu of the intervening Au layer. Structural characterization of the samples revealed sharp interfaces, almost free from roughness. A strong suppression of the superconducting transition temperature Tc was observed for tAu<10 A, implying a strong spin-polarization of the Au layer in the vicinity of the Au/Fe interface. A periodic change of Tc with a period of ~21 A (~9 atomic monolayer of Au) was observed for 20 A
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Automated Conformance Testing for JavaScript Engines via Deep Compiler Fuzzing
Creators: name: Ye, Guixin
name: Tang, Zhanyong
name: Tan, Shin Hwei
name: Huang, Songfang
name: Fang, Dingyi
name: Sun, Xiaoyang
name: Bian, Lizhong
name: Wang, Haibo
name: Wang, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.0; I.2.5

description: JavaScript (JS) is a popular, platform-independent programming language. To ensure the interoperability of JS programs across different platforms, the implementation of a JS engine should conform to the ECMAScript standard. However, doing so is challenging as there are many subtle definitions of API behaviors, and the definitions keep evolving. We present COMFORT, a new compiler fuzzing framework for detecting JS engine bugs and behaviors that deviate from the ECMAScript standard. COMFORT leverages the recent advance in deep learning-based language models to automatically generate JS test code. As a departure from prior fuzzers, COMFORT utilizes the well-structured ECMAScript specifications to automatically generate test data along with the test programs to expose bugs that could be overlooked by the developers or manually written test cases. COMFORT then applies differential testing methodologies on the generated test cases to expose standard conformance bugs. We apply COMFORT to ten mainstream JS engines. In 200 hours of automated concurrent testing runs, we discover bugs in all tested JS engines. We had identified 158 unique JS engine bugs, of which 129 have been verified, and 115 have already been fixed by the developers. Furthermore, 21 of the Comfort-generated test cases have been added to Test262, the official ECMAScript conformance test suite.
description: PLDI 2021
Efficient Time-Domain Approach for Linear Response Functions
Creators: name: Panhans, Michel
name: Ortmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the general Kubo formula in a form that solely utilizes the time evolution of displacement operators. The derivation is based on the decomposition of the linear response function into its time symmetric and time anti-symmetric part. We relate this form to the well-known fluctuation-dissipation formula and discuss theoretical and numerical aspects of it. The approach is illustrated with an analytical example for magnetic resonance as well as a numerical example where we analyze the electrical conductivity tensor and the Chern insulating state of the disordered Haldane model. We introduce a highly efficient time-domain approach that describes the quantum dynamics of the resistivity of this model with an at least 1000-fold better performance in comparison to existing time-evolution schemes.
Rahmenbedingungen und Herausforderungen für die Arbeit von Ombudspersonen an Hochschulen und außerhochschulischen Forschungseinrichtungen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse einer explorativen Umfrage
Creators: name: Beier, Katharina
name: Nolte, Helga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Gute wissenschaftliche Praxis, Ombudssystem, Ombudspersonen, research integrity, ombuds system, ombudsperson

description: Der Beitrag basiert auf einer explorativen Umfrage, die Ende 2019 unter den zu dieser Zeit an Hochschulen und außerhochschulischen Forschungseinrichtungen tätigen Ombudspersonen zu den Rahmenbedingungen ihrer Tätigkeit durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse beleuchten zum einen vorhandene Maßnahmen zur Entlastung und Unterstützung von Ombudspersonen und loten zum anderen den Bedarf nach Fortbildung bzw. weitergehenden Ansätzen zur Professionalisierung des Ombudswesens aus. Erste Ergebnisse dieser Umfrage wurden von den Verfasserinnen im Rahmen eines Workshops auf dem Symposium des Ombudsman für die Wissenschaft im Februar 2020 sowie auf der Tagung des European Network of Research Integrity Offices (ENRIO) im September 2021 vorgestellt. The article is based on an exploratory survey conducted at the end of 2019 among ombudspersons working at universities and non-university research institutions on the framework conditions of their work. On the one hand, the results shed light on existing measures to relieve and support ombudspersons and, on the other hand, reflect on the need for further training and other approaches to professionalising the ombuds system. The first results of this survey were presented by the authors in a workshop at the symposium of the German Research Ombudsman in February 2020 and at the meeting of the European Network of Research Integrity Offices (ENRIO) in September 2021.
Three-Body Decays of Heavy Dirac and Majorana Fermions
Creators: name: de Gouvêa, André
name: Fox, Patrick J.
name: Kayser, Boris J.
name: Kelly, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonzero neutrino masses imply the existence of degrees of freedom and interactions beyond those in the Standard Model. A powerful indicator of what these might be is the nature of the massive neutrinos: Dirac fermions versus Majorana fermions. While addressing the nature of neutrinos is often associated with searches for lepton-number violation, there are several other features that distinguish Majorana from Dirac fermions. Here, we compute in great detail the kinematics of the daughters of the decays into charged-leptons and neutrinos of hypothetical heavy neutral leptons at rest. We allow for the decay to be mediated by the most general four-fermion interaction Lagrangian. We demonstrate, for example, that when the daughter charged-leptons have the same flavor or the detector is insensitive to their charges, polarized Majorana-fermion decays have zero forward/backward asymmetry in the direction of the outgoing neutrino (relative to the parent spin), whereas Dirac-fermion decays can have large asymmetries. Going beyond studying forward/backward asymmetries, we also explore the fully-differential width of the three-body decays. It contains a wealth of information not only about the nature of the new fermions but also the nature of the interactions behind their decays.
description: 19 pages plus 5 appendices, 6 figures. Minor text changes; matches published version
Non-linear stress relaxation of transient-crosslinked biopolymer networks
Creators: name: Chen, Sihan
name: Broedersz, Chase P.
name: Markovich, Tomer
name: MacKintosh, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long standing puzzle in the rheology of living cells is the origin of the experimentally observed long time stress relaxation. The mechanics of the cell is largely dictated by the cytoskeleton, which is a biopolymer network consisting of transient crosslinkers, allowing for stress relaxation over time. Moreover, these networks are internally stressed due to the presence of molecular motors. In this work we propose a theoretical model that uses a mode-dependent mobility to describe the stress relaxation of such prestressed transient networks. Our theoretical predictions agree favorably with experimental data of reconstituted cytoskeletal networks and may provide an explanation for the slow stress relaxation observed in cells.
Explanations for anomalies of muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment, $b\to s μ\barμ$ and radiative neutrino masses in a leptoquark model
Creators: name: Nomura, Takaaki
name: Okada, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a leptoquark model simultaneously to explain anomalies of muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment and $b\to s μ\barμ$ in light of experimental reports very recently. Here, we satisfy several stringent constraints such as $μ\to eγ$ and meson mixings. In addition, we find these leptoquarks also play an role in generating tiny neutrino masses at one-loop level without introducing any additional symmetries. We have numerical analysis and show how degrees our parameter space is restricted.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Impact of texture zeros on dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay in inverse seesaw
Creators: name: Gautam, Nayana
name: Das, Mrinal Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of maximal zeros of the Dirac mass matrix on neutrino phenomenology and dark matter within the framework of an inverse seesaw ISS $(2,3)$. ISS $(2,3)$ is obtained by adding two right handed neutrinos and three gauge singlets sterile fermions to the standard model leading to an extra sterile state in the keV range. The model is more predictive because of the presence of fewer numbers of right handed neutrinos than the conventional inverse seesaw. Moreover, texture zeros in the structures of the mass matrices involved in the model can reduce the free parameters. We extensively study the effect of different textures of Dirac mass matrix on sterile neutrino dark matter phenomenology. Our study also includes the implications of these texture zero mass matrices on low energy phenomena like neutrinoless double beta decay (0$νββ$). The zero textures highly constrain the parameter space of the model. Based on the allowed cosmological ranges of the relic abundance, decay rates, and dark matter mixing with the active neutrinos, we study the viability of the different textures within the framework.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, new references are added, accepted to appear in NPB
Influence of individual nodes for continuous-time Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible dynamics on synthetic and real-world networks
Creators: name: De Bellis, Alfredo
name: Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo
name: Castellano, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the study of epidemic dynamics a fundamental question is whether a pathogen initially affecting only one individual will give rise to a limited outbreak or to a widespread pandemic. The answer to this question crucially depends not only on the parameters describing the infection and recovery processes but also on where, in the network of interactions, the infection starts from. We study the dependence on the location of the initial seed for the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible epidemic dynamics in continuous time on networks. We first derive analytical predictions for the dependence on the initial node of three indicators of spreading influence (probability to originate an infinite outbreak, average duration and size of finite outbreaks) and compare them with numerical simulations on random uncorrelated networks, finding a very good agreement. We then show that the same theoretical approach works fairly well also on a set of real-world topologies of diverse nature. We conclude by briefly investigating which topological network features determine deviations from the theoretical predictions.
description: 13 pages, 22 figures, final version
A dusty filament and turbulent CO spirals in HD135344B-SAO206462
Creators: name: Casassus, Simon
name: Christiaens, Valentin
name: Carcamo, Miguel
name: Perez, Sebastian
name: Weber, Philipp
name: Ercolano, Barbara
name: van der Marel, Nienke
name: Pinte, Christophe
name: Dong, Ruobing
name: Baruteau, Clement
name: Cieza, Lucas
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine
name: Jordan, Andres
name: Price, Daniel
name: Absil, Olivier
name: Arce-Tord, Carla
name: Faramaz, Virginie
name: Flores, Christian
name: Reggiani, Maddalena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planet-disc interactions build up local pressure maxima that may halt the radial drift of protoplanetary dust, and pile it up in rings and crescents. ALMA observations of the HD135344B disc revealed two rings in the thermal continuum stemming from ~mm-sized dust. At higher frequencies the inner ring is brighter relative to the outer ring, which is also shaped as a crescent rather than a full ring. In near-IR scattered light images, the disc is modulated by a 2-armed grand-design spiral originating inside the ALMA inner ring. Such structures may be induced by a massive companion evacuating the central cavity, and by a giant planet in the gap separating both rings, that channels the accretion of small dust and gas through its filamentary wakes while stopping the larger dust from crossing the gap. Here we present ALMA observations in the J=(2-1)CO isotopologue lines and in the adjacent continuum, with up to 12km baselines. Angular resolutions of 0.03" reveal the tentative detection of a filament connecting both rings, and which coincides with a local discontinuity in the pitch angle of the IR spiral, proposed previously as the location of the protoplanet driving this spiral. Line diagnostics suggest that turbulence, or superposed velocity components, is particularly strong in the spirals. The 12CO(2-1) 3-D rotation curve points at stellocentric accretion at radii within the inner dust ring, with a radial velocity of up to ~6%+-0.5% Keplerian, which corresponds to an excessively large accretion rate of ~2E-6M_sun/yr if all of the CO layer follows the 12CO(2-1) kinematics. This suggests that only the surface layers of the disc are undergoing accretion, and that the line broadening is due to superposed laminar flows.
description: accepted to MNRAS
A two-terminal spin valve device controlled by spin-orbit torques with enhanced giant magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Avci, Can Onur
name: Lambert, Charles-Henri
name: Sala, Giacomo
name: Gambardella, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the combination of current-induced spin-orbit torques and giant magnetoresistance in a single device to achieve all-electrical write and read out of the magnetization. The device consists of perpendicularly magnetized TbCo and Co layers separated by a Pt or Cu spacer. Current injection through such layers exerts spin-orbit torques and switches the magnetization of the Co layer while the TbCo magnetization remains fixed. Subsequent current injection of lower amplitude senses the relative orientation of the magnetization of the Co and TbCo layers, which results in two distinct resistance levels for parallel and antiparallel alignment due to the current-in-plane giant magnetoresistance effect. We further show that the giant magnetoresistance of devices including a single TbCo/spacer/Co trilayer can be improved from 0.02% to 6% by using a Cu spacer instead of Pt. This type of devices offers an alternative route to a two terminal spintronic memory that can be fabricated with moderate effort.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
IBORALARNING LEKSIK-SEMANTIK TAHLILI
Creators: name: Abdullayeva, Yulduz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada iboralarning leksik-semantik jihatlari tahlil qilinadi. Iboralar tarkibiy tuzilishi, ma'no qatlamlari va ularning nutq jarayonidagi funksional xususiyatlari o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, iboralarning ko‘chma ma’nolar hosil qilishdagi roli va ularning lingvistik tahlili misollar asosida yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari iboralarni lingvistik jihatdan chuqurroq anglash va ularning kommunikativ ahamiyatini ochib berishga xizmat qiladi.
The evaluation of raspberry pomace as a feedstuff for growing pigs
Creators: name: McDougall, N. Ruth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Raspberry pomace, consisting of seeds, pulp and added rice hulls, is the residue from the pressing of raspberries for juice and concentrate production. Through the determination of chemical composition by laboratory analyses and the measurement of feeding value in animal trials, the pomace was evaluated as a feedstuff for growing pigs. Pomace contains 11.1% crude fat, 10.0% crude protein, 59.5% total dietary fibre, 7.4% soluble carbohydrates, and a gross energy level of 5220 kcal*kg⁻¹. The acid detergent residue of the pomace contains 11.7% lignin, 6.0% cutin, 2.2% acid detergent ash and 26.0% cellulose (by difference). The digestibility of dry matter, fat, protein and energy was determined. Pomace dried at 60 C, whole and ground (1mm) was fed to growing male pigs (30-35 kg) in a replicated 4X4 Latin Square design with treatments basal (B) , B plus 40% unground pomace, B plus 40% ground pomace and B plus 40% barley. Grinding of pomace significantly improved the digestibility of all parameters measured, however, the barley-soybean meal basal ration was consistently better digested than either of the pomace treatments. The digestibility of whole and ground pomace was respectively: dry matter 10.7% and 20.8% (S.E.M. 1.30), fat 24.1% and 79.7% (S.E.M. 3.47), protein 10.6% and 14.7% (S.E.M. 4.83) and energy 7.9% and 28.4% (S.E.M. 1.80). Protein quality of ground (1mm) and freeze-dried pomace was evaluated with rats in metabolism cages to produce the following values: true protein digestibility 36.0% (S.E.M. 0.66), biological value 91.0% (S.E.M. 3.46), and net protein utilization 32.7% (S.E.M. 1.15). In rat growth trials, where pomace replaced barley incrementally, growth rate was not affected at replacement levels up to 40%, although feed efficiency declined consistently as the level of pomace in the diet increased. It is suggested that raspberry pomace could replace up to 20% of an energy feedstuff in a ration for growing swine without significantly reducing growth rate or feed efficiency.
Projection Estimators of the Stationary Density of a Differential Equation Driven by the Fractional Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Marie, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper deals with projection estimators of the density of the stationary solution $X$ to a differential equation driven by the fractional Brownian motion under a dissipativity condition on the drift function. A model selection method is provided and, thanks to the concentration inequality for Lipschitz functionals of discrete samples of $X$ proved in Bertin et al. (2020), an oracle inequality is established for the adaptive estimator.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Plan de Gestion de Données Expérimental du projet "CLIODIFLE 2 : Des institutions, des enseignants, des étudiants... Une contribution à l'histoire de la francophonie"
Creators: name: De Lavenne Vincent,
name: Chiara, Mainardi
name: Emeline, Juillard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: didactique des langues
plan de gestion de données
numérisation

description: Le présent plan vise à identifier les données et métadonnées produites et utilisées dans le cadre du projet CollEx-CLIODIFLE, sur un plan technique (origine, production et utilisation, caractéristiques techniques) et juridique pour mieux préparer la diffusion de ces données et définir une ou plusieurs licences appropriées à cet effet. Le plan vise donc à définir, si besoin, différents niveaux d'ouverture des données, en respectant le principe "Aussi ouvert que possible, aussi fermé que nécessaire". Il conditionne les aspects de diffusion et les livrables du projet.
Environmental contaminants, disturbance and breeding failure at a great blue heron colony on Vancouver Island
Creators: name: Moul, Ian E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias) breeding near a pulp mill at Crofton B.C. failed to raise young in 1987 and 1988. Elevated levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans were detected in their eggs. The highest 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxic equivalent level observed was 496 ng/kg (wet weight) in 1987 (Elliott et al. 1989). I compared the Crofton colony with a less contaminated colony on Sidney Island in 1988 and 1989. I examined three possible explanations for nesting failure: (i) abnormal nesting behaviour by parents because of contamination, (ii) disturbance by human activities, and (iii) predation by Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), Northwestern Crows (Corvus caurinus) and Common Ravens (Corvus corax). The Crofton colony was successful in 1989 and 1990. Within the TCDD toxic equivalent range of 34 - 257 ng/kg (1989), I observed no abnormal heron nesting behaviour or reduction in numbers of chicks fledged. In 1988 the herons at Crofton were disturbed repeatedly by human activities. Bald Eagles were observed daily at both Crofton and Sidney Island. The heron colony on Sidney Island failed in 1989 and 1990. The failures on Sidney Island were thought to involve a disturbance by eagles followed by rapid removal of eggs and young chicks at unattended nests by crows and ravens. It is likely that disturbance and predation played a part in the failure at Crofton in 1988, but there remains the possibility that environmental contaminants may have increased the sensitivity of herons to disturbance and predation.
title: «Explosive» Exporte in die USA. Schweizer Zahnräder und Getriebe als Zünderbestandteile im Vietnamkrieg 1965–1973
Creators: name: Schaniel, Christian
Publisher: name: Diplomatische Dokumente der Schweiz (Dodis)
Year: 2019

description: Während der verschiedenen Phasen des Vietnamkriegs gelangten beträchtliche Mengen von besonderen Zahnrädern und Getrieben, auf deren Produktion die Schweizer Uhrenindustrie spezialisiert war, bei US-amerikanischen Bombenabwürfen in Vietnam als Zünderbestandteile zum Einsatz. Der Bundesrat war sich der Brisanz der Lieferungen dieser Teile bewusst, versuchte aber aus handels- und industriepolitischen Gründen deren Ausmass, wie auch die hauptsächlich militärische Verwendung jener Dual-Use-Produkte geheim zu halten. Die Zulassung dieser Exporte durch die Bundesverwaltung war dabei jedoch weniger durch die Exportinteressen der Produzenten dieser Uhrenbestandteile begründet, sondern basierte in erster Linie auf der Befürchtung, dass bei mangelnder Kooperation der Behörden die auf den Uhrenstreit zwischen der Schweiz und den USA zurückgehenden, und mit dem Rollback-Entscheid vom Januar 1967 abgeschafften Uhreneinfuhrzölle wieder in Kraft gesetzt werden könnten.
description: Saggi di Dodis 1, 2019/3
Plasma wake inhibition at the collision of two laser pulses in an underdense plasma
Creators: name: Rechatin, C.
name: Faure, J.
name: Lifschitz, A.
name: Malka, V.
name: Lefebvre, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electron injector concept for laser-plasma accelerator was developed in ref [1] and [2] ; it relies on the use of counter-propagating ultrashort laser pulses. In [2], the scheme is as follows: the pump laser pulse generates a large amplitude laser wakefield (plasma wave). The counter-propagating injection pulse interferes with the pump laser pulse to generate a beatwave pattern. The ponderomotive force of the beatwave is able to inject plasma electrons into the wakefield. We have studied this injection scheme using 1D Particle in Cell (PIC) simulations. The simulations reveal phenomena and important physical processes that were not taken into account in previous models. In particular, at the collision of the laser pulses, most plasma electrons are trapped in the beatwave pattern and cannot contribute to the collective oscillation supporting the plasma wave. At this point, the fluid approximation fails and the plasma wake is strongly inhibited. Consequently, the injected charge is reduced by one order of magnitude compared to the predictions from previous models.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures