cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the temperature and density dependence of dislocation drag from phonon wind
Creators: name: Blaschke, Daniel N.
name: Burakovsky, Leonid
name: Preston, Dean L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At extreme strain rates, where fast moving dislocations govern plastic deformation, anharmonic phonon scattering imparts a drag force on the dislocations. In this paper, we present calculations of the dislocation drag coefficients of aluminum and copper as functions of temperature and density. We discuss the sensitivity of the drag coefficients to changes in the third-order elastic constants with temperature and density.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables; v2+v3 minor revision
Improvements in the aerobic digestion of waste activated sludge through chemical control of mixed liquor pH : pilot-scale investigations
Creators: name: Anderson, Bruce Campbell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Pilot-scale ambient and low temperature research into the enhancement of aerobic digestion of waste activated sludge, through control of mixed liquor pH (MLpH), was performed using an extended aeration and a high rate waste sludge. To offset MLpH decreases encountered during nitrification, Ca(OH)₂ and NaHCO₃ were used to control MLpH in the series pH 6, 7 and 8. The performance and behaviour of the digesters, under both controlled and uncontrolled MLpH conditions, were monitored through parameters related to volatile mass reduction, sludge mass metabolism, quality of digested end-product and soluble characteristics of the digester effluent. Volatile mass reduction was significantly affected by MLpH control, under certain conditions. Improvements in reduction performance of >100% over the uncontrolled condition were noted, depending on sludge origin; however, it was concluded that only certain temperature ranges should be targeted for the most effective use of MLpH control, since use of MLpH control in ranges wherein little improvement would be realized was felt to be uneconomical. Analysis of volatile mass reduction rates, based on a series of 1 day batch conditions (necessitated by the reactor flow scheme and the variability of the digestion process), demonstrated that reactor performance oscillated around a mean performance value; MLpH control acted to reduce these oscillations, such that the digesters performed closer to the mean value more of the time. Temperature sensitivity coefficients were quite variable, and a single value did not describe all situations. It was proposed that θ was influenced by digestion system, operating temperature, sludge type and MLpH level. The use of this coefficient for determining the operating ranges most suitable for MLpH control was advanced. The fate of the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus were greatly influenced by MLpH control. The use of Ca(OH)₂ resulted in less release of phosphorus from the solid phase, with subsequently low effluent PO₄-P concentrations in the neutral MLpH range. The drawback of this reaction was found to be the production of inert inorganic sludge solids, thereby illustrating the need for a trade-off between the various benefits and drawbacks of the enhanced digestion process. Nitrification proceeded at all temperatures, and in conditions previously thought to be inhibitory to the chemolithotrophic organisms. Digester effluent quality was improved through MLpH control, but substantial concentrations of NOx-N were observed under some conditions. Based on direct comparisons with previous lab-scale research, it was concluded that the enhancement process had very good potential for implementation at the full-scale level, either for the improvement of existing underdesigned processes, or for the initial design of more efficient aerobic digestion facilities.
Binary neutron star merger in common envelope jet supernovae
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explore a triple-star scenario where a tight neutron star (NS) - NS binary system enters the envelope of a red supergiant (RSG) star and spirals-in towards its core. The two NSs accrete mass through accretion disks and launch jets that power a very luminous and long transient event, a common envelope jets supernova (CEJSN) event. Dynamical friction brings the two NSs to merge either in the RSG envelope or core. The total energy of the event, radiation and kinetic, is >10^{52}erg. The light curve stays luminous for months to years and a signal of gravitational waves might be detected. The ejecta contains freshly synthesized r-process elements not only from the NS-NS merger as in kilonova events, but possibly also from the pre-merger jets that the NSs launch inside the core, as in the r-process CEJSN scenario. This scenario shortens the time to NS-NS merger compared with that of kilonovae, and might somewhat ease the problem of the NS-NS r-process scenario to account for r-process nucleosynthesis in the early Universe. I estimate the ratio of NS-NS merger in CEJSN events to core collapse supernova (CCSN) events to be <10^{-6}-2x10^{-5}. However, because they are much more luminous I expect their detection fraction to that of CCSNe to be much larger than this number. This study calls for considering this and similar CEJSN scenarios in binary and in triple star systems when explaining peculiar and puzzling super luminous supernovae.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional file 8 of MiR-7e-5p downregulation promotes transformation of low-grade follicular lymphoma to aggressive lymphoma by modulating an immunosuppressive stroma through the upregulation of FasL in M1 macrophages
Creators: name: Lou, Xiaoli
name: Fu, Jianhong
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Zhuansun, Xuemei
name: Rong, Chao
name: Sun, Maomin
name: Niu, Hui
name: Wu, Lei
name: Zhang, Yongsheng
name: An, Lu
name: Guo, Lingchuan
name: Wan, Shan
name: Wang, Shouli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8 : Supplementary Table S2. Primers and siRNAs
Competitive metastable behaviours of surface and bulk in Ising ferromagnet
Creators: name: Naskar, Moumita
name: Acharyya, Muktish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reversal of magnetisation has been studied in a three dimensional Ising ferromagnet by Monte Carlo simulation with Metropolis single spin flip algorithm using random updating scheme. The outer layers are considered as surface. The surface interacts with core with a relative ferromagnetic interaction strength. Depending on the relative interaction strength, the time of reversal of the surface was found to be different from that of the bulk. For weaker relative strength, surface reversal was found to be faster than that of bulk and vice versa for stronger relative interaction strength. A critical value ($R_c$) of relative interaction strength provides same time of reversal of surface and bulk. This critical relative interaction strength was found to be a function of the temperature ($T$) and applied magnetic field ($h$). The scaling relation $R_c \sim h^{-β}f(Th^α)$, where, $α=0.23\pm0.01$ and $β= -0.06\pm0.01$, has been proposed, numerically by the method of data collapse. The metastable volume fractions, for both surface and bulk, were found to follow the Avrami's law. The critical relative interaction strength ($R_c$) has been observed to decrease in an exponential ($e^{bL^{-1.5}})$ fashion with the system size ($L$).
description: Revised, 8 pages Latex, 9 captioned pdf figures, 3 tables
Probing Top-philic New Physics via Four-Top-Quark Production
Creators: name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Fu, Jun-Ning
name: Liu, Yandong
name: Wang, Xiao-Hu
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore constraints on various new physics resonances from four top-quark production based on current experimental data. Both light and heavy resonances are studied in the work. A comparison of full width effect and narrow width approximation is also made.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures; published version of Chinese Physics C; English typo corrected
Effective band-structure in the insulating phase versus strong dynamical correlations in metallic VO2
Creators: name: Tomczak, Jan M.
name: Aryasetiawan, Ferdi
name: Biermann, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a general analytical continuation scheme for cluster dynamical mean field calculations, we analyze real-frequency self-energies, momentum-resolved spectral functions, and one-particle excitations of the metallic and insulating phases of VO2. While for the former dynamical correlations and lifetime effects prevent a description in terms of quasi-particles, the excitations of the latter allow for an effective band-structure. We construct an orbital-dependent, but static one-particle potential that reproduces the full many-body spectrum. Yet, the ground state is well beyond a static one-particle description. The emerging picture gives a non-trivial answer to the decade-old question of the nature of the insulator, which we characterize as a ``many-body Peierls'' state.
description: 5 pages, 4 color figures
Nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates that are insensitive to qubit-frequency drifts
Creators: name: Zhou, Jian
name: Li, Sai
name: Pan, Guo-Zhu
name: Zhang, Gang
name: Chen, Tao
name: Xue, Zheng-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum manipulation based on geometric phases provides a promising way towards robust quantum gates. However, in the current implementation of nonadiabatic geometric phases, operational and/or random errors tend to destruct the conditions that induce geometric phases, thereby smearing their noise-resilient feature. In a recent experiment [Y. Xu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 230503 (2020)], high-fidelity universal geometric quantum gates have been implemented in a superconducting circuit, which are robust to different types of errors under different configurations of the geometric evolution paths. Here, we apply the path-design strategy to explain in detail why both configurations can realize universal quantum gates in a single-loop way. Meanwhile, we purposefully induce our geometric manipulation by selecting the path configuration that is robust against the qubit-frequency-drift induced error, which is the dominant error source on realistic superconducting circuits and has not been deliberately addressed. Moreover, our proposal can further integrate with the composite scheme to enhance the gate robustness, which is verified by numerical simulations. Therefore, our scheme provides a promising way towards practical realization of high-fidelity and robust nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
A behavioral approach to open robot systems : design and programming
Creators: name: Zhang, Ying
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Current robots have very limited abilities to adapt to the environment, to survive in unstructured situations, to deal with incomplete and inconsistent information, and to make real-time decisions. One reason for this is the limited power of computation; another reason is an incorrect decomposition of the robot architecture and the unsuitable representation with rigid programming style. The core of this thesis is a new design and programming methodology which is needed for more robust, flexible and intelligent robot systems, called open robot systems. We have developed a general framework for open robot systems and a programming methodology for building open robot systems. Our approach to robot design is: decompose a robot system into a set of hierarchical behavioral modules according to the logical or physical structure; each of the module is possibly further decomposed into a set of concurrent processes representing sensors, motors and their coordination according to task-achieving behaviors. Our approach to robot programming is: build the behavioral modules based on parallel objects. Programming is a way of designing each individual module and constructing the modules into a complex system. We have built a software system on a real robot arm to simulate the tasks for forest harvesting, based on our approach to robot system design and programming. The system is written in Parallel C++ in a transputer-based parallel environment.
Nonlinear Evolution of the Magnetohydrodynamic Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
Creators: name: Stone, James M.
name: Gardiner, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear evolution of the magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability using three-dimensional MHD simulations. We consider the idealized case of two inviscid, perfectly conducting fluids of constant density separated by a contact discontinuity perpendicular to the effective gravity g, with a uniform magnetic field B parallel to the interface. Modes parallel to the field with wavelengths smaller than l_c = [B B/(d_h - d_l) g] are suppressed (where d_h and d_l are the densities of the heavy and light fluids respectively), whereas modes perpendicular to B are unaffected. We study strong fields with l_c varying between 0.01 and 0.36 of the horizontal extent of the computational domain. Even a weak field produces tension forces on small scales that are significant enough to reduce shear (as measured by the distribution of the amplitude of vorticity), which in turn reduces the mixing between fluids, and increases the rate at which bubbles and finger are displaced from the interface compared to the purely hydrodynamic case. For strong fields, the highly anisotropic nature of unstable modes produces ropes and filaments. However, at late time flow along field lines produces large scale bubbles. The kinetic and magnetic energies transverse to gravity remain in rough equipartition and increase as t^4 at early times. The growth deviates from this form once the magnetic energy in the vertical field becomes larger than the energy in the initial field. We comment on the implications of our results to Z-pinch experiments, and a variety of astrophysical systems.
description: 25 pages, accepted by Physics of Fluids, online version of journal has high resolution figures
A Hypothesis Testing Approach to Nonstationary Source Separation
Creators: name: Sameni, Reza
name: Jutten, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The extraction of nonstationary signals from blind and semi-blind multivariate observations is a recurrent problem. Numerous algorithms have been developed for this problem, which are based on the exact or approximate joint diagonalization of second or higher order cumulant matrices/tensors of multichannel data. While a great body of research has been dedicated to joint diagonalization algorithms, the selection of the diagonalized matrix/tensor set remains highly problem-specific. Herein, various methods for nonstationarity identification are reviewed and a new general framework based on hypothesis testing is proposed, which results in a classification/clustering perspective to semi-blind source separation of nonstationary components. The proposed method is applied to noninvasive fetal ECG extraction, as case study.
description: 5 pages
The Use of Weighting in Periodicity Searches in All-Sky Monitor Data: Applications to the GLAST LAT
Creators: name: Corbet, Robin
name: Dubois, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light curves produced by all-sky monitors, such as the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer All-Sky Monitor and the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT), generally have non-uniform error bars. In searching for periodic modulation in this type of data using power spectra it can be important to use appropriate weighting of data points to achieve the best sensitivity. It was recently demonstrated that for Swift BAT data a simple weighting scheme can actually sometimes reduce the sensitivity of the power spectrum depending on source brightness. Instead, a modified weighting scheme, based on the Cochran semi-weighted mean, gives improved results independent of source brightness. We investigate the benefits of weighting power spectra in period searches using simulated GLAST LAT observations of gamma-ray binaries.
description: 2 pages. To appear in the Proceedings of the First International GLAST Symposium, Febuary 5-8, 2007, Stanford University, AIP, Eds. S. Ritz, P. F. Michelson, and C. Meegan
Multi-scale analysis of radio-frequency performance of 2D-material based field-effect transistors
Creators: name: Toral-Lopez, A.
name: Pasadas, F.
name: Marin, E. G.
name: Medina-Rull, A.
name: Gonzalez-Medina, J. M.
name: Ruiz, F. G.
name: Jiménez, D.
name: Godoy, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) are a promising alternative to complement and upgrade high-frequency electronics. However, in order to boost their adoption, the availability of numerical tools and physically-based models able to support the experimental activities and to provide them with useful guidelines becomes essential. In this context, we propose a theoretical approach that combines numerical simulations and small-signal modeling to analyze 2DM-based FETs for radio-frequency applications. This multi-scale scheme takes into account non-idealities, such as interface traps, carrier velocity saturation, or short channel effects, by means of self-consistent physics-based numerical calculations that later feed the circuit level via a small-signal model based on the dynamic intrinsic capacitances of the device. At the circuit stage, the possibilities range from the evaluation of the performance of a single device to the design of complex circuits combining multiple transistors. In this work, we validate our scheme against experimental results and exemplify its use and capability assessing the impact of the channel scaling on the performance of MoS2-based FETs targeting RF applications.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Screening of a hypercritical charge in graphene
Creators: name: Fogler, M. M.
name: Novikov, D. S.
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Screening of a large external charge in graphene is studied. The charge is assumed to be displaced away or smeared over a finite region of the graphene plane. The initial decay of the screened potential with distance is shown to follow the 3/2 power. It gradually changes to the Coulomb law outside of a hypercritical core whose radius is proportional to the external charge.
description: (v1) 4 pages, 1 figure (v2) Much improved introduction; extended range of numerics
Twin Systems for DeepCBR: A Menagerie of Deep Learning and Case-Based Reasoning Pairings for Explanation and Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Keane, Mark T
name: Kenny, Eoin M
name: Temraz, Mohammed
name: Greene, Derek
name: Smyth, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, it has been proposed that fruitful synergies may exist between Deep Learning (DL) and Case Based Reasoning (CBR); that there are insights to be gained by applying CBR ideas to problems in DL (what could be called DeepCBR). In this paper, we report on a program of research that applies CBR solutions to the problem of Explainable AI (XAI) in the DL. We describe a series of twin-systems pairings of opaque DL models with transparent CBR models that allow the latter to explain the former using factual, counterfactual and semi-factual explanation strategies. This twinning shows that functional abstractions of DL (e.g., feature weights, feature importance and decision boundaries) can be used to drive these explanatory solutions. We also raise the prospect that this research also applies to the problem of Data Augmentation in DL, underscoring the fecundity of these DeepCBR ideas.
description: 7 pages,4 figures, 2 tables
Elastic Bound State in the Continuum with Perfect Mode Conversion
Creators: name: Cao, Liyun
name: Zhu, Yifan
name: Xu, Yanlong
name: Fan, Shi-Wang
name: Yang, Zhichun
name: Assouar, Badreddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The partial or complete confinement of waves in an open system is omnipresent in nature and in wave-based materials and technology. Here, we theoretically analyze and experimentally observe the formation of a trapped mode with perfect mode conversion (TMPC) between flexural waves and longitudinal waves, by achieving a quasi-bound state in the continuum (BIC) in an open elastic wave system. The latter allows a quasi-BIC in a semi-infinite background plate when Fano resonance hybridizes flexural and longitudinal waves and balances their radiative decay rates. We demonstrate that when the Fabry-Pérot resonance of the longitudinal wave is realized simultaneously, the TMPC formed by the elastic BIC approaches infinite quality factor. Furthermore, we show that quasi-BIC can be tuned continuously to BIC through the critical frequency of mode conversion, which offers the possibility of TMPC with an arbitrarily high quality factor. Our reported concept and physical mechanism open new routes to achieve perfect mode conversion with tunable high quality factor in elastic systems.
description: 6 figures, 25 pages
Dielectronic Recombination of Fe XV forming Fe XIV: Laboratory Measurements and Theoretical Calculations
Creators: name: Lukić, D. V.
name: Schnell, M.
name: Savin, D. W.
name: Brandau, C.
name: Schmidt, E. W.
name: Böhm, S.
name: Müller, A.
name: Schippers, S.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Sprenger, F.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Altun, Z.
name: Badnell, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured resonance strengths and energies for dielectronic recombination (DR) of Mg-like Fe XV forming Al-like Fe XIV via N=3 -> N' = 3 core excitations in the electron-ion collision energy range 0-45 eV. All measurements were carried out using the heavy-ion Test Storage Ring at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. We have also carried out new multiconfiguration Breit-Pauli (MCBP) calculations using the AUTOSTRUCTURE code. For electron-ion collision energies < 25 eV we find poor agreement between our experimental and theoretical resonance energies and strengths. From 25 to 42 eV we find good agreement between the two for resonance energies. But in this energy range the theoretical resonance strengths are ~ 31% larger than the experimental results. This is larger than our estimated total experimental uncertainty in this energy range of +/- 26% (at a 90% confidence level). Above 42 eV the difference in the shape between the calculated and measured 3s3p(^1P_1)nl DR series limit we attribute partly to the nl dependence of the detection probabilities of high Rydberg states in the experiment. We have used our measurements, supplemented by our AUTOSTRUCTURE calculations, to produce a Maxwellian-averaged 3 -> 3 DR rate coefficient for Fe XV forming Fe XIV. The resulting rate coefficient is estimated to be accurate to better than +/- 29% (at a 90% confidence level) for k_BT_e > 1 eV. At temperatures of k_BT_e ~ 2.5-15 eV, where Fe XV is predicted to form in photoionized plasmas, significant discrepancies are found between our experimentally-derived rate coefficient and previously published theoretical results. Our new MCBP plasma rate coefficient is 19-28% smaller than our experimental results over this temperature range.
String correlators on $\text{AdS}_3$: Three-point functions
Creators: name: Dei, Andrea
name: Eberhardt, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the computation of string worldsheet correlators on Euclidean $\text{AdS}_3$ with pure NS-NS background. We compute correlation functions with insertions of spectrally flowed operators. We explicitly solve all the known constraints of the model and for the first time conjecture a closed formula for three-point functions with arbitrary amount of spectral flow. We explain the relation of our results with previous computations in the literature and derive the fusion rules of the model. This paper is the first in a series with several installments.
description: 33 + 14 pages
A three-dimensional deflagration model for Type Ia supernovae confronted with observations
Creators: name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
name: Schmidt, W.
name: Niemeyer, J. C.
name: Blinnikov, S. I.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simulation of the thermonuclear explosion of a Chandrasekhar-mass C+O white dwarf, the most popular scenario of a type Ia supernova (SN Ia), is presented. The underlying modeling is pursued in a self-consistent way, treating the combustion wave as a turbulent deflagration using well tested methods developed for laboratory combustion and based on the concept of `large eddy simulations' (LES). Such consistency requires to capture the onset of the turbulent cascade on resolved scales. This is achieved by computing the dynamical evolution on a 1024$^3$ moving grid, which resulted in the best-resolved three-dimensional SN Ia simulation carried out thus far, reaching the limits of what can be done on present supercomputers. Consequently, the model has no free parameters other than the initial conditions at the onset of the explosion, and therefore it has considerable predictive power. Our main objective is to determine to which extent such a simulation can account for the observations of normal SNe Ia. Guided by previous simulations with less resolution and a less sophisticated flame model, initial conditions were chosen that yield a reasonably strong explosion and a sufficient amount of radioactive nickel for a bright display. We show that observables are indeed matched to a reasonable degree. In particular, good agreement is found with the light curves of normal SNe Ia. Moreover, the model reproduces the general features of the abundance stratification as inferred from the analysis of spectra. This indicates that it captures the main features of the explosion mechanism of SNe Ia. However, we also show that even a seemingly best-choice pure deflagration model has shortcomings that indicate the need for a different mode of nuclear burning at late times, perhaps the transition to a detonation at low density.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Page curves for a family of exactly solvable evaporating black holes
Creators: name: Wang, Xuanhua
name: Li, Ran
name: Wang, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement entropy of a one-parameter family of exactly solvable gravities in the 2-dimensional asymptotically-flat space. The islands and Page curves of eternal, evaporating and bath-removed black holes are investigated. The different theories in this parameter class are identified through field redefinitions which leave the island invariant. The Page transition is found to occur at the first a third of the black hole life time in the evaporating case for this family of solutions. In addition, we consider gluing the equilibrium black hole and the evaporating one along a null trajectory and study the effect of gluing on the islands and Page curves. In the glued space, the island jumps across two different geometries at a certain retarded time. As a result, the Page transition is stretched and split into two separate ones -- the first transition happens when the net entropy generation stops and the second one occurs as the early radiation effectively starts to become purified. Finally, we discuss the issues concerning the inconsistent rates of purification and the paradox related to the state of the radiation.
description: 31 pages
Crystal Engineering of bright luminescent copper iodide clusters with phosphorus and nitrogen-based ligands
Creators: name: Mazzeo, Paolo Pio <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/03 Chimica generale e inorganica

description: Copper(I) halide clusters are recently considered as good candidate for optoelectronic devices such as OLEDs . Although the copper halide clusters, in particular copper iodide, are very well known since the beginning of the 20th century, only in the late ‘70s the interest on these compounds grew dramatically due their particular photophysical behaviour. These complexes are characterized by a dual triplet emission bands, named Cluster Centred (3CC) and Halogen-to-Ligand charge transfer (3XLCT), the intensities of which are strictly related with the temperature. The CC transition, due to the presence of a metallophylic interactions, is prevalent at ambient temperature while the XLCT transition, located preferentially on the ligand part, became more prominent at low temperature. Since these pioneering works, it was easy to understand the photophysical properties of this compounds became more interesting in solid-state respect to solution with an improvement in emission efficiency. In this work we aim to characterize in SS organocopper(I)iodide compounds to valuate the correlation between the molecular crystal structure and the photophysical properties. It is also considered to hike new strategies to synthesize CuI complexes from the wet reactions to the more green solvent free methods. The advantages in using these strategies are evident but, obtain a single crystal suitable for SCXRD analysis from these batches is quite impossible. The structure solution still remains the key point in this research so we tackle this problem solving the structure by X-ray powder diffraction data. When the sample was fully characterized we moved to design and development of the associated OLED-device. Since copper iodide complexes are often insoluble in organic solvents, the high vacuum deposition technique is preferred. A new non-conventional deposition process have also been proposed to avoid the low complex stability in this practice with an in-situ complex formation in a layer-by layer deposition route.
title: Ο ρόλος των καλλιτεχνών στην διαμόρφωση του αστικού χώρου
title: The role of artists in shaping urban space
Creators: name: Καλεβεα Ευαγγελια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2024

description: Η παρούσα ερευνητική εργασία επιχειρεί να κατανοήσει την σχέση μεταξύ των καλλιτεχνών και του φαινομένου του εξευγενισμού. Αναλυτικότερα, διερευνάται τι συμβαίνει όταν οι καλλιτέχνες επιλέγουν να εγκατασταθούν σε υποβαθμισμένες περιοχές, αλλά και πως η μετακίνησή τους πυροδοτεί τον εξευγενισμό τους. Αναζητάει αρχικά να εντοπίσει τα αίτια αυτής της επιλογής των καλλιτεχνών και έπειτα ψάχνει να βρει πως καταφέρνουν με τις ενέργειες τους να αναζωογονήσουν τις περιοχές αυτές, διαμορφώνοντάς τους μια μποέμ ατμόσφαιρα και δημιουργώντας καλλιτεχνικές κοινότητες-γειτονιές. Η έρευνα επεκτείνεται, αφού καλείται να ανακαλύψει τι γίνεται κατά την διάρκεια και μετά την αναζωογόνηση των περιοχών. Το τελευταίο αυτό στάδιο μελέτης των περιοχών, αποτελεί το σημείο καμπής στην ιστορία τους, καθώς τότε εμφανίζονται και τα πρώτα ψήγματα εξευγενισμού. Με τον εξευγενισμό, θα συσχετιστούν το κράτος, οι δυνάμεις της αγοράς, οι μη καλλιτεχνικοί παράγοντες, άτομα εύπορα και από ανώτερα κοινωνικά στρώματα, όπου έλκονται από τα νέα δεδομένα των περιοχών και όπου θα διαδραματίσουν καταλυτικό ρόλο στην εξέλιξη τους, αλλάζοντας σταδιακά την αυθεντική καλλιτεχνική ατμόσφαιρα τους. Η πορεία των περιοχών θα μελετηθεί μέχρι και την σημερινή τους πραγματικότητα, όπου και θα διαπιστωθεί σε τι βαθμό έχει αλλοιωθεί ο καλλιτεχνικός χαρακτήρας των περιοχών και κατά πόσο πλέον αποτελούν τόπους μνήμης ενός ανεπιστρεπτί παρελθόντος ή όχι.
description: This research paper attempts to understand the relationship between artists and the phenomenon of gentrification. More specifically, it explores what happens when artists choose to settle in deprived areas and how their movement triggers gentrification. It first seeks to identify the causes of this choice of artists and then tries to find out how their actions manage to revitalize these areas, shaping a bohemian atmosphere and creating artistic neighborhood communities. The research expands as it is asked to find out what happens during and after the revitalization of the areas. This last stage in the study of the areas is a turning point in their history, as it is when the first signs of gentrification appear. With the phenomenon of gentrification, will be associated, the state, market forces, non-artistic actors, wealthy people and people from the upper social class, who will be attracted by the new conditions of the areas and who will play a catalytic role in their development, gradually changing their original artistic atmosphere. The progress of the areas will be studied up to their present reality, where it will be determined to what extent the artistic character of the areas has been altered and whether or not they are now places of memory of an irreversible past.
A Preponderance of Perpendicular Planets
Creators: name: Albrecht, Simon H.
name: Marcussen, Marcus L.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Dawson, Rebekah I.
name: Knudstrup, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observing the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect during a planetary transit allows the determination of the angle $λ$ between the sky projections of the star's spin axis and the planet's orbital axis. Such observations have revealed a large population of well-aligned systems and a smaller population of misaligned systems, with values of $λ$ ranging up to 180$^\circ$. For a subset of 57 systems, we can now go beyond the sky projection and determine the 3-d obliquity $ψ$ by combining the Rossiter-McLaughlin data with constraints on the line-of-sight inclination of the spin axis. Here we show that the misaligned systems do not span the full range of obliquities; they show a preference for nearly-perpendicular orbits ($ψ=80-125^\circ$) that seems unlikely to be a statistical fluke. If confirmed by further observations, this pile-up of polar orbits is a clue about the unknown processes of obliquity excitation and evolution.
description: accepted version, ApJL
Experimental Test of the High-Frequency Quantum Shot Noise Theory in a Quantum Point Contact
Creators: name: Zakka-Bajjani, Eva
name: Segala, Julien
name: Portier, Fabien
name: Roche, Patrice
name: Glattli, Christian
name: Cavanna, Antonella
name: Jin, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on direct measurements of the electronic shot noise of a quantum point contact at frequencies nu in the range 4-8 GHz. The very small energy scale used ensures energy independent transmissions of the few transmitted electronic modes and their accurate knowledge. Both the thermal energy and the quantum point contact drain-source voltage Vds are comparable to the photon energy hnu leading to observation of the shot noise suppression when $V_{ds}
description: Version Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 236803 (2007))
Extragalactic Radio Sources and the WMAP Cold Spot
Creators: name: Rudnick, Lawrence
name: Brown, Shea
name: Williams, Liliya R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detect a dip of 20-45% in the surface brightness and number counts of NVSS sources smoothed to a few degrees at the location of the WMAP cold spot. The dip has structure on scales of approximately 1-10 degrees. Together with independent all-sky wavelet analyses, our results suggest that the dip in extragalactic brightness and number counts and the WMAP cold spot are physically related, i.e., that the coincidence is neither a statistical anomaly nor a WMAP foreground correction problem. If the cold spot does originate from structures at modest redshifts, as we suggest, then there is no remaining need for non-Gaussian processes at the last scattering surface of the CMB to explain the cold spot. The late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, already seen statistically for NVSS source counts, can now be seen to operate on a single region. To create the magnitude and angular size of the WMAP cold spot requires a ~140 Mpc radius completely empty void at z<=1 along this line of sight. This is far outside the current expectations of the concordance cosmology, and adds to the anomalies seen in the CMB.
description: revised version, ApJ, in press
Re-visiting the relations: Galactic thin disc age-velocity dispersion relation
Creators: name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Gilmore, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The velocity dispersion of stars in the solar neighbourhood thin disc increases with time after star formation. Nordstrom et al. (2004) is the most recent observational attempt to constrain the age-velocity dispersion relation. They fitted the age-velocity dispersion relations of each Galactic cardinal direction space velocity component, U (towards the Galactic centre), V (in the direction of Galactic rotation) and W (towards the North Galactic Pole), with power laws and interpreted these as evidence for continuous heating of the disc in all directions throughout its lifetime. We re-visit these relations with their data and use Famaey et al. (2005) to show that structure in the local velocity distribution function distorts the in-plane (U and V) velocity distributions away from Gaussian so that a dispersion is not an adequate parametrization of their functions. The age-sigma(W) relation can however be constrained because the sample is well phase-mixed vertically. We do not find any local signature of the stellar warp in the Galactic disc. Vertical disc heating does not saturate at an early stage. Our new result is that a power law is not required by the data: disc heating models that saturate after ~ 4.5 Gyr are equally consistent with observations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 24 pages, 20 figures
An algorithm for solving index 1 differential algebraic equations in boundary value problems
Creators: name: Chan, Pat S. Y.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this thesis we consider the numerical solution of boundary value problems for differential algebraic equations (DAEs) of index 1. It was shown in Ascher [1], [2], that if symmetric schemes are used for linear index 1 DAEs, the stability is controlled by the stability of an auxiliary (ghost) differential problem which is not necessarily stable even if the given problem is. We examine an algorithm which preserves the stability of the ghost problem by arranging the auxiliary boundary conditions properly. The algorithm has been implemented in a code (DAESOLVE) and tested on numerous examples. This code has been compared with a code which chooses the boundary conditions arbitrarily, showing favourable results.
ECOS DE HIPONA:  Ressonâncias Agostinianas na Pedagogia Contemporânea
Creators: name: Santos, Wislandey de Almeida
name: Brito, Neirivan dos Santos
name: Almeida, Sherla Borges de Oliveira
name: Brito, Sunamita de Sousa Faustino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educação Contemporânea
Ética
Dialética Agostiniana
Comunidade Educacional
Formação Moral
Pensamento Crítico.

description: Este artigo explora a aplicabilidade dos ensinamentos de Santo Agostinho na  educação contemporânea, abordando temas como ética, livre-arbítrio e a importância  da comunidade. O primeiro capítulo discute a dualidade bem/mal de Agostinho e sua  relevância para a formação moral e ética. O segundo capítulo foca na dialética  agostiniana, explorando como ela pode desenvolver o pensamento crítico e reflexivo  dos alunos. Também analisa a interação entre predestinação e livre-arbítrio, e como  esses conceitos influenciam a autonomia e responsabilidade pessoal na educação.  Finalmente, o artigo aborda a visão agostiniana sobre a comunidade, destacando  como a integração de valores comunitários pode enriquecer o ambiente educativo,  promovendo respeito mútuo e solidariedade, e preparando os alunos para serem  cidadãos conscientes e responsáveis.
Minimal Length Uncertainty Relations and New Shape Invariant Models
Creators: name: Spector, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper identifies a new class of shape invariant models. These models are based on extensions of conventional quantum mechanics that satisfy a string-motivated minimal length uncertainty relation. An important feature of our construction is the pairing of operators that are not adjoints of each other. The results in this paper thus show the broader applicability of shape invariance to exactly solvable systems.
description: 11 pages, no figures
Magnetic phases from competing Hubbard and extended Coulomb interactions in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J.
name: Stauber, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation based on a microscopic model in real space, which allows us to consider the interplay between the Hubbard and the extended Coulomb interaction in twisted bilayer graphene at the magic angle. These two interactions tend to favor different symmetry breaking patterns, having therefore complementary roles in the regimes where one or the other dominates. We show that, for sufficiently large values of the on-site Hubbard repulsion, magic angle graphene has an antiferromagnetic ground state at the charge neutrality point, while at half-filling of the lowest valence band the state becomes fully spin-polarized. In general, a suitable screening of the extended Coulomb interaction is required to observe the magnetic state in either case, as otherwise the instabilities take place in the charge sector, preferentially in the form of time-reversal, chiral or valley symmetry breaking.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 7 of MiR-7e-5p downregulation promotes transformation of low-grade follicular lymphoma to aggressive lymphoma by modulating an immunosuppressive stroma through the upregulation of FasL in M1 macrophages
Creators: name: Lou, Xiaoli
name: Fu, Jianhong
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Zhuansun, Xuemei
name: Rong, Chao
name: Sun, Maomin
name: Niu, Hui
name: Wu, Lei
name: Zhang, Yongsheng
name: An, Lu
name: Guo, Lingchuan
name: Wan, Shan
name: Wang, Shouli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table S1. Antibodies.
The Weak Gravity Conjecture Requires the Existence of Exotic AdS Black Holes
Creators: name: McInnes, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weak Gravity Conjecture arises from the requirement that it be possible for all (classically stable) extremal black holes to decay. The ``black hole version'' of the conjecture requires that it should be possible for this to occur through the emission of smaller black holes. We consider this version in the case of extremal AdS$_4$-Kerr-Newman black holes which are stable against a superradiant instability. One finds that the emitted black hole must be rather exotic, having an ``angular horizon'' analogous to the more familiar (radial) horizon.
description: Corrected the calculation in Section 7, many references added; 25 pages, 6 figures
Smooth and Starburst Tidal Tails in the GEMS and GOODS Fields
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Debra Meloy
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Ferguson, Thomas
name: Mullan, Brendan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GEMS and GOODS fields were examined to z~1.4 for galaxy interactions and mergers. The basic morphologies are familiar: antennae with long tidal tails, tidal dwarfs, and merged cores; M51-type galaxies with disk spirals and tidal arm companions; early-type galaxies with diffuse plumes; equal-mass grazing-collisions; and thick J-shaped tails beaded with star formation and double cores. One type is not common locally and is apparently a loose assemblage of smaller galaxies. Photometric measurements were made of the tails and clumps, and physical sizes were determined assuming photometric redshifts. Antennae tails are a factor of ~3 smaller in GEMS and GOODS systems compared to local antennae; their disks are a factor of ~2 smaller than locally. Collisions among early type galaxies generally show no fine structure in their tails, indicating that stellar debris is usually not unstable. One exception has a 5x10**9 Msun smooth red clump that could be a pure stellar condensation. Most tidal dwarfs are blue and probably form by gravitational instabilities in the gas. One tidal dwarf looks like it existed previously and was incorporated into the arm tip by tidal forces. The star-forming regions in tidal arms are 10 to 1000 times more massive than star complexes in local galaxies, although their separations are about the same. If they all form by gravitational instabilities, then the gaseous velocity dispersions in interacting galaxies have to be larger than in local galaxies by a factor of ~5 or more; the gas column densities have to be larger by the square of this factor.
description: 24 pages plus 18 figures, ApJ, vol 664, July 20, 2007
Die tschechoslowakische "Samtene Revolution" und die Neuorientierung der tschechischen Historiographie
Creators: name: Měchýř, Jan
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die tschechoslowakische 'Samtene Revolution' und die Neuorientierung der tschechischen Historiographie" of MTS 23 (2000).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 23 (2000): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte