Hemirrhagus embolulatus Mendoza Marroquín 2014, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Mendoza Marroquín, Jorge I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theraphosidae
Hemirrhagus
Hemirrhagus embolulatus

description: HEMIRRHAGUS EMBOLULATUS SP. NOV.  (FIGS 2A, B, J, 36A–I, 37A–E, 38A–G, 48)  
 Type material: Holotype ♂ CNAN-T0774 and paratype ♀ CNAN-T0775, MEXICO: Guerrero, Mpio. Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Parque Nacional Omiltemi, Omiltemi, 03.xii.2009, col. E. Goyer and E. Hijmensen.   
 Diagnosis: The following character combination is diagnostic for H. embolulatus sp. nov. Male palpal bulb with wide embolus throughout its length, similar in length to tegulum, with well-developed PS, PI, and R keels (Fig. 37E); SA retrolaterally extended, ends at embolus retrolateral face (Fig. 37B, D); VG shallow and embolus strongly curved retrolaterally on distal half (Fig. 37A–C). Metatarsus I straight (Fig. 36G). Prolateral tibial apophysis weakly developed (Fig. 36I). Ocular tubercle and eyes normally developed, periocular pigmentation complete (Figs 36D, 38C). Urticating setae arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with well-defined margins, anterior and posterior margins slightly notched medially (Fig. 36C). Female metatarsus IV with ten spinose setae distally (Fig. 38F). Spermathecae paired, separated at their base, with rounded receptacles wider than long (Fig. 38G). Hemirrhagus embolulatus sp. nov. differs from all other Hemirrhagus species by the embolus having well-developed PS, PI, and R keels. It also differs in the spermathecae having rounded receptacles wider than long.   
 Etymology: The specific name is composed of the Latin words embolus, referring to the male embolus and latus, wide. The name makes reference to the wide embolus of this species.   
 Description: Holotype male CNAN-T0774 (Figs 2A, 36A–I, 37A–E): body length 19.70 (not including chelicerae and spinnerets); chelicera length 3.4; carapace 8.4 long, 7.4 wide. Caput not markedly elevated; fovea straight, 0.83 wide (Fig. 36A).   
Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Periocular pigmentation complete and all eyes normally developed. Eye sizes and interocular distances: AME 0.27; ALE 0.40; PME 0.27; PLE 0.33; AME–AME 0.27; AME–ALE 0.07; PME–PME 0.63; PME–PLE 0.10; ALE–PLE 0.10. Ocular tubercle normally developed, width 1.50, length 0.93; clypeus lacking (Fig. 36D). Labium: length 1.05, width 1.5; with 29 cuspules. Maxilla inner corner with approximately 114 cuspules (Fig. 36E). Cheliceral promargin with ten teeth (proximal to distal: first medium, second-third large, fourth small, fifth-ninth large and tenth small; Fig. 36F). Sternum length 3.7. Sigillae circular, second, third, and fourth pairs hardly visible; fourth pair once its length from margin (Fig. 36B).  
Leg formula: IV, I, II, III. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 8.96, 4.30, 7.15, 6.83, 5.18, 32.42. II: 7.92, 4.21, 5.85, 6.64, 5.07, 29.69. III: 6.73, 3.22, 5.85, 7.33, 5.21, 28.34. IV: 9.31, 4.15, 7.85, 10.21, 6.21, 37.73. Palp: 5.23, 2.99, 4.78, -, 1.80, 14.80. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.7 long, 0.4 apart; PLS, 1.0 basal, 1.1 middle, 1.8 distal.  
Scopulae: tarsi I–IV densely scopulate, III and IV divided by strong band of setae. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate; III scopulate on distal half, divided by strong band of setae; IV scopulate on distal quarter, divided by strong band of setae.  
Tibia I with two apophyses, which do not originate from a common base, Pap reduced with one large and broad spinose seta on ventral face that almost replaces it, the spinose seta exceeds the apex of Pap; Rap normally developed, broad at its base with one short and wide spinose seta subapically on dorsal face, the spinose seta exceeds the apex of Rap (Fig. 36H, I). Metatarsus I straight (Fig. 36G).  
Stridulatory setae: lacking.  
Legs and palpi LSC in: palp trochanter retrolateral face, femur prolateral and retrolateral faces; leg I coxa retrolateral face, trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face; leg II coxa prolateral face, trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face.  
Chaetotaxy (left side): femora I 2p; II 1d, 3p; III 3d, 3p; IV 3p, 2r; palp 2p; patellae none; tibiae I 2p, 6v; II 2p, 9v; III 2p, 10v, 2r; IV 3p, 10v, 4r; palp 2p, 8v; metatarsi I 2v; II 1p, 2v, 3r; III 1d, 4p, 13v, 2r; IV 5p, 14v, 5r.  
Palp: wide embolus throughout its length, similar in length to tegulum, with well-developed PS, PI, and R keels (Fig. 37E); SA retrolaterally extended, ends at embolus retrolateral face (Fig. 37D); VG shallow and embolus strongly curved retrolaterally on distal half (Fig. 37A–C).  
Urticating setae: type VI arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with welldefined margins, anterior and posterior margins slightly notched medially (Fig. 36C).  
Colour pattern: on live specimens the colour is black, except the urticating setae (Fig. 2A).  
Paratype female CNAN-T0775 (Figs 2B, 38A–G): body length (not including chelicerae and spinnerets) 25.86, carapace: 10.15 long, 9.24 wide. Caput not elevated; fovea recurved, width 1.75 (Fig. 38A).  
Eyes: anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Periocular pigmentation complete, all eyes normally developed. Eye sizes and interocular distances: AME 0.38; ALE 0.50; PME 0.30; PLE 0.50; AME–AME 0.18; AME–ALE 0.15; PME–PME 0.75; PME–PLE 0.13; ALE–PLE 0.18. Ocular tubercle normally developed, width 1.83; length 1.28; clypeus lacking (Fig. 38C). Labium: length 1.68; width 1.78; with 26 cuspules. Maxilla inner corner with approximately 130 cuspules (Fig. 38D). Cheliceral promargin with eight teeth (proximal to distal: first-third large, fourth medium, fifth-sixth large, seventh medium, eighth small). Sternum length 2.15. Sigillae circular, second, third, and fourth pairs hardly visible; fourth pair one and a half times its length from the margin (Fig. 38B, E).  
Leg formula: IV, I, III, II. Length of legs and palpal segments (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 8.04, 4.81, 6.63, 6.35, 4.45, 30.28. II: 7.54, 4.06, 5.63, 5.44, 4.64, 27.31. III: 6.88, 3.87, 5.30, 6.62, 4.58, 27.25. IV: 8.89, 3.71, 7.71, 10.14, 5.42, 35.87. Palp: 5.93, 3.62, 4.58, -, 4.41, 18.54. Spinnerets are damaged.  
Scopulae: tarsi I–IV densely scopulate, III divided by narrow band of setae and IV divided by strong band of setae. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate, III scopulate on distal half, and IV scopulate on distal quarter.  
Stridulatory setae: lacking.  
Legs and palpi LSC in: palp trochanter retrolateral face, femur prolateral and retrolateral faces; leg I coxa retrolateral face, trochanter prolateral and retrolateral faces, femur prolateral face; leg II coxa prolateral, trochanter prolateral face, femur prolateral face.  
Chaetotaxy (left side): femora I 1p; II 1p; III 2p, 2r; IV 1p, 2r; palp 1p; patellae none; tibiae I 2p, 4v; II 2p, 5v; III 2p, 8v, 2r; IV 2p, 10v, 3r; palp 1p, 11v; metatarsi I 2v; II 1p, 5v; III 5p, 10v, 3r; IV 5p, 19v, 4r. Metatarsus IV with ten spinose setae distally (Fig. 31F).  
Genitalia: spermathecae paired, separated at their base but receptacles close together, rounded, wider than long (Fig. 38G).  
Urticating setae: type VI arranged in one dorsomedian patch, yellowish-orange in colour, with welldefined margins, anterior and posterior margins slightly notched medially.  
Colour pattern: on live specimens the colour is black, except the urticating setae (Fig. 2B).  
 Distribution and natural history: Known only from Omiltemi, Guerrero, Mexico (Fig. 48). The species was collected in tropical forest-pine forest ecotone (Fig. 2J). The specimens were found under rocks or fallen logs.
description: Published as part of Mendoza Marroquín, Jorge I., 2014, Taxonomic revision of Hemirrhagus Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae), with description of five new species from Mexico, pp. 634-689 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 170 (4) on pages 672-674, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12112, http://zenodo.org/record/10273730