cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lithium isotopes as a proxy for continental chemical weathering during the lead-up to the Neoproterozoic Sturtian glaciation
Creators: name: Taylor, Amber Christina
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Lithium isotopes
Neoproterozoic
Sturtian glaciation

description: Age constraints suggest that the oldest Neoproterozoic “Snowball Earth” glaciation, known as the “Sturtian'' glaciation, began at ~717 Ma and may have been triggered by enhanced continental silicate weathering coinciding with the breakup of the low-latitude supercontinent Rodinia. The Tambien Group, a carbonate and slate unit in northern Ethiopia, spans a total age range of 821.2 Ma to 716.4 Ma and therefore may record any major shift in terrestrial weathering preceding the Sturtian glaciation. Because Li isotopes are sensitive to continental chemical weathering processes, I obtained new Li isotope ratio, major, and trace element data for the pre-Sturtian Tambien Group. ẟ⁷Li values for the Tambien Group range from 1.9‰ to 15.7‰, which is consistent with other Neoproterozoic sequences and suggests that seawater was characterized by low ẟ⁷Li values around 16‰ (~15‰ lower than modern seawater). A positive correlation exists between Mg/Ca and ẟ⁷Li values in the lowermost carbonate unit of the Tambien Group, the Assem Limestone, which suggests that the Tambien Group has been variably dolomitized under fluid-buffered conditions. A negative correlation between Sr/Ca and ẟ⁷Li values and a positive correlation between ẟ¹⁸O and ẟ⁷Li values were also observed in the Mai Kenetal Limestone, which overlies the Assem Limestone, and the Negash Syncline, which is younger than the Mai Kenetal Limestone. This correlation is consistent with the diagenetic recrystallization of aragonite to calcite under sediment-buffered conditions. However, despite spanning a large range of ẟ⁷Li values, no temporal trend is observed in Li isotope data for the Tambien Group. Because no temporal trend is present, it is likely that the large range in the ẟ⁷Li values is a reflection of sediment-buffered diagenesis rather than a major shift in the pre-Sturtain terrestrial weathering regime. The lack of temporal trends in the ẟ⁷Li values may also indicate that Li behaved differently in the Proterozoic, a significant change in terrestrial weathering did not occur preceding the Sturtian glaciation, and/or the Tambien Group did not record a global shift in Proterozoic ẟ⁷Li values.
Influence of temperature-dependent density inhomogeneity on the stability of atmospheric stratified fluids
Creators: name: Kaladze, T. D.
name: Misra, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of atmospheric stratified fluids is revisited to study the influence of the temperature-dependent density inhomogeneity due to thermal expansion in the Earth's lower atmosphere (with heights $0$ to $50$ km) under the action of gravity. Previous theory in the literature [Phys. Lett. A 480 (2023) 128990] is modified and advanced. It is found that the Brunt-V{ä}is{ä}l{ä} frequency associated with internal gravity waves is modified, leading to new instability conditions of vertically stratified fluids. The possibility of the onset of Rayleigh-B{é}nard convective instability is also discussed, and the influences of the modified Brunt-V{ä}is{ä}l{ä} frequency and the density and temperature gradients on the instability growth rates are studied.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; added discussions in Sec. VI; This version is to appear in Physica Scripta (2024)
title: ADCO, Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00357
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00357, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00357, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Constraining External Reverse Shock Physics of GRBs from ROTSE-III Limits
Creators: name: Cui, Xiao-Hong
name: Zou, Yuan-Chuan
name: Wei, Jun-Jie
name: Zheng, Wei-Kang
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that the early optical emission is dominated by the external reverse shock (RS) in the standard model of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we intend to constrain RS models with the initial Lorentz factor $Γ_0$ of the outflows based on the ROTSE-III observations. We consider two cases of the RS behavior: the relativistic shock and the non-relativistic shock. For homogeneous interstellar medium (ISM) and wind circum-burst environment, the constraints can be achieved by the fact that the peak flux $F_{\rm ν}$ at the RS crossing time should be lower than the observed upper limit $F_{\rm ν,limit}$. We consider the different spectral regimes that the observed optical frequency $ν_{\rm opt}$ may locate in, which are divided by the orders for the minimum synchrotron frequency $ν_{\rm m}$ and the cooling frequency $ν_{\rm c}$. {\bf Considering the homogeneous and wind environment around GRBs, we find that the relativistic RS case can be constrained by the (upper and lower) limits of $Γ_0$ in a large range from about hundreds to thousands for 36 GRBs reported by ROTSE-III. The constraints on the non-relativistic RS case are achieved with limits of $Γ_0$ for 26 bursts ranging from $\sim 30$ to $\sim 350$.} The lower limits of $Γ_0$ achieved for the relativistic RS model is disfavored based on the previously discovered correlation between the initial Lorentz factor $Γ_0$ and the isotropic gamma-ray energy $E_{\rm γ, iso}$ released in prompt phase.
description: 11 pages, 5 tables, 4 figures, MNRAS in press
One-loop Evolution of a Rolling Tachyon
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of the one-loop diagram in Sen's rolling tachyon background. We find that at least in the long cylinder case they grow rapidly at late time, due to the exponential growth of the timelike oscillator terms in the boundary state. This can also be interpreted as the virtual open string pair creation in the decaying brane. This behavior indicates a breakdown of this rolling tachyon solution at some point during the evolution. We also discuss the closed string emission from this one-loop diagram, and the evolution of a one-loop diagram connecting a decaying brane to a stable brane, which is responsible for the physical open string creation on the stable brane.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures; v2: references added, comments revised in various places; v3: footnotes 7&8 added, revised version to appear in PRD
MPEC 2024-U119 : 2024 UE3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UE3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Using Faddeev Differential Equations to Calculate Three-Body Resonances
Creators: name: Kolganova, E. A.
name: Motovilov, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Algorithm, based on explicit representations for analytic continuation of the T-matrix Faddeev components on unphysical sheets, is worked out for calculations of resonances in the three-body quantum problem. According to the representations, poles of T-matrix, scattering matrix and Green function on unphysical sheets, interpreted as resonances, coincide with those complex energy values where appropriate truncations of the scattering matrix have zero as eigenvalue. Scattering amplitudes on the physical sheet, necessary to construct scattering matrix, are calculated on the basis of the Faddeev differential equations. The algorithm developed is applied to search for the resonances in the $nnp$ system and in a model three-boson system.
description: LaTeX 2e (REVTeX style), 16 pages. Some corrections were made as well as figures were updated
Dynamic development of the Athabasca Valles outflow system from volcanic facies and 15m scale roughness
Creators: name: Miller, Russell Cremean
name: 0000-0002-7262-6446
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Planetary geology
Lava roughness
Remote sensing
Radar

description: The characterization of surface roughness properties provide context to the nature of geologic terrains, commonly partnered with field-based mapping on Earth and satellite-based photogeologic mapping in planetary sciences. In this study, we combine morphology-based facies mapping and perform quantitative roughness analysis and characterization of facies for the Athabasca Valles lava flow-field on Mars to identify flow features, provide insight into eruption conditions, and link roughness patterns throughout the flow to emplacement conditions. The root-mean-square (RMS) height and effective slope were acquired at 15m wavelength for 14 unique lava facies using statistically derived components from the Shallow Radar (SHARAD) surface echo strength. Quantitative RMS height surface roughness of Athabasca lava features range from 1.09m to 1.76m. We show that the RMS height response is generally consistent with facies transitions confirming the linkage between surficial morphologies and lava flow roughness, including the ability to constrain the relative spatial and temporal evolution of emplacement processes. Roughness patterns and facies localities suggest that the emplacement of Athabasca lava experienced a dynamic progression of local discharge surges and substrate influence on morphology. Additionally, we consider surface roughness derived from nadir-looking radar tracks, a superior tool for distinguishability between transitional lava types.
How does Casimir energy fall in $κ$-deformed space-time?
Creators: name: Harikumar, E.
name: Shajesh, K. V.
name: Panja, Suman Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the response of Casimir energies to fluctuations in a scalar field in a weak gravitational field in the $κ$-deformed space-time. We model the Casimir plates in a gravitational field by $κ$-deformed Rindler coordinates and calculate the Casimir energy using the $κ$-deformed scalar field. We show that the Casimir energy accelerates in a weak gravitational field like a mass. Thus, our calculations show that the mass-energy equivalence principle holds in $κ$-deformed space-time even though a length scale is introduced through space-time non-commutativity.
description: 24 pages
A First-Quantized Formalism for Cosmological Particle Production
Creators: name: Hamilton, Alex J.
name: Kabat, Daniel
name: Parikh, Maulik K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the amount of particle production in an arbitrary cosmological background can be determined using only the late-time positive-frequency modes. We don't refer to modes at early times, so there is no need for a Bogolubov transformation. We also show that particle production can be extracted from the Feynman propagator in an auxiliary spacetime. This provides a first-quantized formalism for computing particle production which, unlike conventional Bogolubov transformations, may be amenable to a string-theoretic generalization.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX; v2: significantly revised for clarity; conclusions unchanged
Existence of weak solutions for Cahn--Hilliard systems coupled with elasticity and damage
Creators: name: Heinemann, Christian
name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cahn-Hilliard systems
subject: phase separation
subject: damage
subject: elliptic-parabolic systems
subject: energetic solution
subject: weak solution
subject: doubly nonlinear differential inclusions
subject: existence results
subject: rate-dependent systems
subject: 35K85
subject: 82C26
subject: 35K55

description: A typical phase field approach for describing phase separation and coarsening phenomena in alloys is the Cahn-Hilliard model. This model has been generalized to the so-called Cahn-Larché system by combining it with elasticity to capture non-neglecting deformation phenomena, which occur during phase separation and coarsening processes in the material. In order to account for damage effects, we extend the existing framework of Cahn-Hilliard and Cahn-Larché systems by incorporating an internal damage variable of local character. This damage variable allows to model the effect that damage of a material point is influenced by its local surrounding. The damage process is described by a unidirectional rate-dependent evolution inclusion for the internal variable. For the introduced Cahn-Larché systems coupled with rate-dependent damage processes, we establish a suitable notion of weak solutions and prove existence of weak solutions.
Exchange Current Corrections to Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering. I. Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Umino, Y.
name: Udias, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic exchange current corrections to the impulse approximation in low and intermediate energy neutrino--nucleus scattering are presented assuming non--vanishing strange quark form factors for constituent nucleons. Two--body exchange current operators which treat {\em all} $SU(3)$ vector and axial currents on an equal footing are constructed by generalizing the soft--pion dominance method of Chemtob and Rho. For charged current reactions, exchange current corrections can reduce the impulse approximation results by 5 to 10 \% depending on the nuclear density. A finite strange quark form factor may change the total cross section for neutral current scattering by 20\% while exchange current corrections are found to be sensitive to the nuclear density. Implications on the current LSND experiment to extract the strange quark axial form factor of the nucleon are discussed.
description: LaTeX, 30 pages, 8 draft figures. Full postscript version of figures available at ftp://breogan.iem.csic.es/pub/preprints/figs.tar.gz
Additional file 1 of Pharmacological pain relief and women´s birth experience: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ugarph Edfeldt, Malin
name: Gustavsson, Hanne
name: Hildén, Karin
name: Cao, Yang
name: Backman, Helena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Asymptotic analysis for Korteweg models
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Giesselmann, Jan
name: Kraus, Christiane
name: Rohde, Christian
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Liquid vapor flow
subject: phase transition
subject: asymptotic analysis
subject: sharp interface limit
subject: 76T10
subject: 35C20
subject: 35R35

description: This paper deals with a sharp interface limit of the isothermal Navier-Stokes-Korteweg system. The sharp interface limit is performed by matched asymptotic expansions of the fields in powers of the interface width. These expansions are considered in the interfacial region (inner expansions) and in the bulk (outer expansion) and are matched order by order. Particularly we consider the first orders of the corresponding inner equations obtained by a change of coordinates in an interfacial layer. For a specific scaling we establish solvability criteria for these inner equations and recover the results within the general setting of jump conditions for sharp interface models.
Are There Three Peaks in the Power Spectra of GX 339-4 and Cyg X-1?
Creators: name: Nowak, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the variability behaviour exhibited by neutron star systems are the so-called ``horizontal branch oscillations'' (HBO, with frequencies ~50 Hz), the ``lower-frequency kHz quasi-periodic oscillation'' (QPO) and the ``upper-frequency kHz QPO'', with the latter two features being separated in frequency by an amount comparable to, but varying slightly from, the suspected spin-frequency of the neutron star. Recently, Psaltis, Belloni, & van der Klis (1999) have suggested that there exists a correlation between these three frequencies that, when certain identifications of variability features are made, even encompasses black hole sources. We consider this hypothesis by reanalyzing a set of GX 339-4 observations. The power spectral density (PSD) constructed from a composite of 7 separate, but very similar, observations shows evidence for three broad peaks in the PSD. If the peak frequencies of these features are identified with ``QPO'', then their frequencies approximately fit the correlations suggested by Psaltis, Belloni, & van der Klis (1999). We also reanalyze a Cyg X-1 observation and show that the suggested QPO correlation may also hold, but that complications arise when the ``QPOs'' (which, in reality, are fairly broad features) are considered as a function of energy band. These fits suggest the existence of at least three separate, independent physical processes in the accretion flow, a hypothesis that is also supported by consideration of the Fourier frequency-dependent time lags and coherence function between variability in different energy bands.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, to appear in MNRAS
The degenerate and non-degenerate Stefan problem with inhomogeneous and anisotropic Gibbs--Thomson law
Creators: name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Stefan problems
subject: phase transitions
subject: Gibbs-Thomson law
subject: free boundaries
subject: variational problems
subject: geometric measure-theory
subject: 49Q20
subject: 82B26
subject: 58B20
subject: 80A22

description: The Stefan problem is coupled with a spatially inhomogeneous and anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson condition at the phase boundary. We show the long-time existence of weak solutions for the non-degenerate Stefan problem with a spatially inhomogeneous and anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson law and a conditional existence result for the corresponding degenerate Stefan problem. To this end approximate solutions are constructed by means of variational functionals with spatially inhomogeneous and anisotropic interfacial energy. By passing to the limit, we establish solutions of the Stefan problem with a spatially inhomogeneous and anisotropic Gibbs-Thomson law in a weak generalized BV-formulation.
Finite-temperature properties of hard-core bosons confined on one-dimensional optical lattices
Creators: name: Rigol, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact study of the finite-temperature properties of hard-core bosons (HCB's) confined on one-dimensional optical lattices. Our solution of the HCB problem is based on the Jordan-Wigner transformation and properties of Slater determinants. We analyze the effects of the temperature on the behavior of the one-particle correlations, the momentum distribution function, and the lowest natural orbitals. In addition, we compare results obtained using the grand-canonical and canonical descriptions for systems like the ones recently achieved experimentally. We show that even for such small systems, as small as 10 HCB's in 50 lattice sites, there are only minor differences between the energies and momentum distributions obtained within both ensembles.
description: RevTex file, 12 pages, 16 figures, published version
Controls on terminus change of marine terminating glaciers in Greenland over the last 40+ years
Creators: name: Goliber, Sophie Ann
name: 0000-0002-4750-6338
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Glaciology
Remote sensing
Greenland
Glacier

description: Since the 1980s, the Greenland ice sheet has been losing ice mass at an increased rate. Our current understanding of the complex physical processes that control dynamic mass loss is incomplete and, therefore, leads to a wide range of possible future contributions to sea level. Ice dynamics, or changes due to changes in ice flux, is dominated by the behavior of fast-moving outlet glaciers in Greenland. These glaciers are changing through melting of the terminus face and/or calving of icebergs; the combination of these processes and ice motion determines the position of a glacier terminus. In understanding how and why outlet glacier termini change over time compared to external forcing and internal glacier dynamics, we are able to move toward a better understanding of marine-terminating glaciers. In this dissertation, I use terminus traces to observe how and why marine-terminating glaciers change in order to better understand the mechanisms behind these complex heterogeneous changes in Greenland. I develop the largest database of manually-traced marine-terminating glacier terminus data for use in scientific and machine learning applications. These data have been collected, cleaned, assigned with appropriate metadata, including image scenes, and compiled so that they can be easily accessed by scientists. Then I use the location of the termini to identify features in the bed topography that inhibit the retreat of glaciers following the onset of ocean warming and widespread glacier retreat in the late 1990s. I find that the slope and lateral dimensions of bed features exhibit the strongest correlation to retreat and that the shape of the bed features allows different styles of terminus retreat, which may be indicative of how different ablation mechanisms are distributed across termini. Finally, I produce a time series of terminus morphological properties for four glaciers in western Greenland to identify the characteristics that are indicative of calving processes with the goal of categorizing glaciers by calving style. I find that a concave shape and low sinuosity are present at glaciers that calve via buoyant flexure, while the opposite is true at glaciers that are dominated by melt-induced calving via serac failure. I also find that glaciers do not persistently fit into single calving styles and may change over time. By studying how the terminus changes over time compared to external forcing and internal glacier dynamics, we are able to move toward a better understanding of marine-terminating glaciers.
On Low Rank Classical Groups in String Theory, Gauge Theory and Matrix Models
Creators: name: Intriligator, Ken
name: Kraus, Per
name: Ryzhov, Anton V.
name: Shigemori, Masaki
name: Vafa, Cumrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider N=1 supersymmetric U(N), SO(N), and Sp(N) gauge theories, with two-index tensor matter and added tree-level superpotential, for general breaking patterns of the gauge group. By considering the string theory realization and geometric transitions, we clarify when glueball superfields should be included and extremized, or rather set to zero; this issue arises for unbroken group factors of low rank. The string theory results, which are equivalent to those of the matrix model, refer to a particular UV completion of the gauge theory, which could differ from conventional gauge theory results by residual instanton effects. Often, however, these effects exhibit miraculous cancellations, and the string theory or matrix model results end up agreeing with standard gauge theory. In particular, these string theory considerations explain and remove some apparent discrepancies between gauge theories and matrix models in the literature.
description: 41 pages, 1 table, harvmac. v2: minor corrections and references added
What drives the corpulence of galaxies? I. The formation of central compact dwarf galaxies in TNG50
Creators: name: De Almeida, Abhner P.
name: Mamon, Gary A.
name: Dekel, Avishai
name: Neto, Gastão B. Lima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearby dwarf galaxies display a variety of effective radii (sizes) at a given stellar mass, suggesting different evolution scenarios according to their final "stellar" size. The TNG hydrodynamical simulations present a bimodality in the z = 0 size - mass relation (SMRz0) of dwarf galaxies, at $r_{1/2,\star}$ ~ 450 pc. Using the TNG50 simulation, we explored the evolution of the most massive progenitors of dwarf galaxies (z=0 $\log( M_\star / \mathrm{M}_\odot)$ between 8.4 and 9.2) that end up as central galaxies of their groups. We split these dwarfs into three classes of the SMRz0: "Normals" from the central spine of the main branch, and "Compacts" from the secondary branch as well as the lower envelope of the main branch. Both classes of Compacts see their stellar sizes decrease from z ~ 1 onwards in contrast to Normals, while the sizes of the gas and dark matter (DM) components continue to increase (as for Normals). A detailed analysis reveals that Compacts live in poorer environments, and thus suffer fewer major mergers from z = 0.8 onwards, which otherwise would pump angular momentum into the gas, allowing strong gas inflows, producing inner star formation, and thus leading to the buildup of a stellar core. Compacts are predicted to be rounder and to have bluer cores. Compact dwarfs of similar sizes are observed in the GAMA survey, but the bimodality in size is less evident and the most compact dwarfs tend to be passive rather than star forming, as in TNG50. Our conclusions should therefore be confirmed with future cosmological hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for Publication in A&A. Final version
Unconstrained Lagrangian Formulation for Bosonic Continuous Spin Theory in Flat Spacetime of Arbitrary Dimension
Creators: name: Takata, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T11 (Primary) 81T30, 83E30, 81T13, 83C99(Secondary)

description: We have discovered two unconstrained forms of free Lagrangian for continuous spin(CS) theory in arbitrary flat spacetime dimension for bosonic case. These Lagrangians, unlike that by Schuster and Toro, do not include delta functions and are conventional. The first form consists of five kinds of totally symmetric helicity fields and one kind of gauge parameter. By introducing auxiliary creation and annihilation operators, each is combined into a state vector in Fock space, including all ranks one by one. The Lagrangian imposes no constraints, such as trace conditions, on these fields or the gauge parameter field. Additionally, the Lagrangian does not contain higher-order derivative terms. In the limit as CS parameter $μ$ approaches zero, it naturally reproduces a Lagrangian for helicity fields in higher spin(HS) theory, known as unconstrained quartet formulation. Permitting third-order derivatives, we also obtain the second unconstrained form of Lagrangian that can be written in terms of three kinds of fields, including $μ$, similar to the formulation by Francia and Sagnotti. Partial gauge fixing and partial use of equations of motion(EOM) on this Lagrangian yield a Fronsdal-like Lagrangian with a single double-traceless field, including $μ$. By imposing further gauge fixing on the field in the EOM with respect to divergence and trace, we confirm the reproduction of the modified Wigner equations already known in literature.
description: Published version, 45 pages, 2 tables, 2 figures. Minor typos are corrected, (3.3),(3.36),(A.18),(A.19), etc
Existence results for diffuse interface models describing phase separation and damage
Creators: name: Heinemann, Christian
name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cahn-Hilliard systems
subject: Allen-Cahn systems
subject: logarithmic free energy
subject: phase separation
subject: damage
subject: elliptic-parabolic systems
subject: energetic solution
subject: weak solution
subject: doubly nonlinear
subject: differential inclusions
subject: existence results
subject: rate-dependent systems
subject: 35K85
subject: 49J40
subject: 49S05
subject: 74C10
subject: 82C26
subject: 35J50
subject: 35K35
subject: 35K55
subject: 02.30.Jr

description: In this paper we analytically investigate Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn systems which are coupled with elasticity and uni-directional damage processes. We are interested in the case where the free energy contains logarithmic terms of the chemical concentration variable and quadratic terms of the gradient of the damage variable. For elastic Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn systems coupled with uni-directional damage processes, an appropriate notion of weak solutions is presented as well as an existence result based on certain regularization methods and an higher integrability result for the strain.
Additional file 2 of Pharmacological pain relief and women´s birth experience: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ugarph Edfeldt, Malin
name: Gustavsson, Hanne
name: Hildén, Karin
name: Cao, Yang
name: Backman, Helena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Derivative-Coupling Models and the Nuclear-Matter Equation of State
Creators: name: Delfino, A.
name: Chiapparini, M.
name: Malheiro, M.
name: Belvedere, L
name: Gattone, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of saturated nuclear matter is derived using two different derivative-coupling Lagrangians. We show that both descriptions are equivalent and can be obtained from the sigma-omega model through an appropriate rescaling of the coupling constants. We introduce generalized forms of this rescaling to study the correlations amongst observables in infinite nuclear matter, in particular, the compressibility and the effective nucleon mass.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 36 kbytes. To appear in Zeit. f. Phys. A (Hadrons and Nuclei)
Creation of spin-triplet Cooper pairs in the absence of magnetic ordering
Creators: name: Breunig, Daniel
name: Burset, Pablo
name: Trauzettel, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In superconducting spintronics, it is essential to generate spin-triplet Cooper pairs on demand. Up to now, proposals to do so concentrate on hybrid structures in which a superconductor (SC) is combined with a magnetically ordered material (or an external magnetic field). We, instead, identify a novel way to create and isolate spin-triplet Cooper pairs in the absence of any magnetic ordering. This achievement is only possible because we drive a system with strong spin-orbit interaction--the Dirac surface states of a strong topological insulator (TI)--out of equilibrium. In particular, we consider a bipolar TI-SC-TI junction, where the electrochemical potentials in the outer leads differ in their overall sign. As a result, we find that nonlocal singlet pairing across the junction is completely suppressed for any excitation energy. Hence, this junction acts as a perfect spin triplet filter across the SC generating equal-spin Cooper pairs via crossed Andreev reflection.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
A quasi-incompressible diffuse interface model with phase transition
Creators: name: Aki, Gonca
name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Giesselmann, Jan
name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Multi-component flow
subject: phase transition
subject: asymptotic analysis
subject: sharp interface limit
subject: free boundary problems
subject: Cahn-Hilliard equation
subject: Allen-Cahn equation
subject: Navier-Stokes-Korteweg system
subject: 35C20
subject: 35R35
subject: 76T99
subject: 35Q30
subject: 35Q35
subject: 76D05
subject: 76D45
subject: 80A22

description: This work introduces a new thermodynamically consistent diffuse model for two-component flows of incompressible fluids. For the introduced diffuse interface model, we investigate physically admissible sharp interface limits by matched asymptotic techniques. To this end, we consider two scaling regimes where in one case we recover the Euler equations and in the other case the Navier-Stokes equations in the bulk phases equipped with admissible interfacial conditions. For the Navier-Stokes regime, we further assume the densities of the fluids are close to each other in the sense of a small parameter which is related to the interfacial thickness of the diffuse model.
Deep learning for automatic geophysical interpretation with uncertainty quantification
Creators: name: Pham, Nam Phuong
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Deep learning
Geophysical interpretation
Uncertainty quantification

description: Geophysical interpretation such as picking faults and geobodies, analyzing well logs, and picking arrivals is a tedious, manual, and time-consuming process. Deep learning is a data-driven technique that has been getting more attention recently in different fields, such as medical imaging and computer vision. With large volumes of available data of different types and advancements in computing technology, geophysics is a promising field for applying deep learning. Applying deep learning to geophysical interpretation can make the process faster and the workflow less subjective. Decision-making based on interpretation is uncertain. Therefore, uncertainties in geophysical interpretation are very important. To utilize the deep learning models effectively, uncertainties from data and models’ parameters need to be quantified. In this dissertation, I address the problem by including uncertainties in several deep learning-based interpretation algorithms, and show the feasibility of applying them to various geophysical interpretation problems on different types of data. First, I develop a generative adversarial network to produce data that have style from a particular region in the field data. Different styles allow to generate different data to train various convolutional neural networks for automatic fault picking in 2D seismic images. I use a bootstrapping method to generate prediction scenarios and quantify the uncertainties from training data. Second, I introduce an end-to-end network for picking channel geobodies in 3D seismic volumes, which includes uncertainties from data and the model’s parameters. This workflow is fast and easy to quantify uncertainties, not only from data, but also from the parameters of a neural network. I then apply a similar workflow to quantify the uncertainties from the model’s parameters in picking channel facies and faults simultaneously in 3D seismic volumes. I also analyze the relationship between quantified uncertainties and geologic features in the seismic volumes. Apart from applying the workflow to the segmentation problem, I design a recurrent style network for predicting missing sonic logs from gamma-ray, density, and neutron porosity logs. This is a regression problem with two outputs of compressional and shear sonic logs. The workflow generates mean prediction and quantile values for upper and lower bounds. In the last chapter, I apply a transformer-based network for picking arrivals of earthquake data. I change from discrete labels of 0 and 1, where ones are picks, to continuous distributions with peaks at picks. This helps to quantify the uncertainties of the picking algorithm along time. Finally, I discuss some limitations and suggest some possible future research topics.
An Analysis of Random-Walk Cuckoo Hashing
Creators: name: Frieze, Alan
name: Pall  Melsted
name: Mitzenmacher, Michael
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we provide a polylogarithmic bound that holds with high probability on the insertion time for cuckoo hashing under the random-walk insertion method. Cuckoo hashing provides a useful methodology for building practical, high-performance hash tables. The essential idea of cuckoo hashing is to combine the power of schemes that allow multiple hash locations for an item with the power to dynamically change the location of an item among its possible locations. Previous work on the case where the number of choices is larger than two has analysed breadth-first search, which is both inefficient in practice and currently has only a polynomial upper bound on the insertion time that holds with high probability. On the other hand it does have expected constant amortized insertion time. Here we significantly advance the state of the art by proving a polylogarithmic bound that holds with high probability on the more efficient random-walk method, where items repeatedly kick out random blocking items until a free location for an item is found.
Anisotropic nonlocal operators regularity and rigidity theorems for a class of anisotropic nonlocal operators
Creators: name: Farina, Alberto
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nonlocal anisotropic integro-differential equations
subject: regularity result
subject: 35R11
subject: 35B53
subject: 35R09

description: We consider here operators which are sum of (possibly) fractional derivatives, with (possibly different) order. The main constructive assumption is that the operator is of order $2$ in one variable. By constructing an explicit barrier, we prove a Lipschitz estimate which controls the oscillation of the solutions in such direction with respect to the oscillation of the nonlinearity in the same direction. As a consequence, we obtain a rigidity result that, roughly speaking, states that if the nonlinearity is independent of a coordinate direction, then so is any global solution (provided that the solution does not grow too much at infinity). A Liouville type result then follows as a byproduct.
Additional file 3 of Pharmacological pain relief and women´s birth experience: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ugarph Edfeldt, Malin
name: Gustavsson, Hanne
name: Hildén, Karin
name: Cao, Yang
name: Backman, Helena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Latènezeitliche Siedlungsreste in Mechernich-Antweiler, Kr. Euskirchen
Creators: name: Joachim, Hans-Eckart
name: Nobis, Günter
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2022

description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 179.1979: Bonner Jahrbücher
What Does It Take to Stabilize Gravitational Clustering?
Creators: name: Ma, Chung-Pei
name: Fry, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical understanding of the strongly nonlinear regime of gravitational collapse has been difficult to achieve. The only insight has been the stable clustering hypothesis, which assumes that the number of neighbors for objects averaged over small length scales is constant in time. Our recently proposed analytic halo model for N-point correlation functions now provides a tool for calculating gravitational clustering properties in the strongly nonlinear regime. This model also provides a new physical framework for an independent evaluation of the validity of the stable clustering hypothesis. We derive the asymptotic nonlinear behavior of the N-point correlation functions and pairwise peculiar velocities in terms of dark matter halo properties. We show that these statistics exhibit stable clustering only when the halo mass function and halo density profile obey specific relations. The long-cherished stable clustering hypothesis therefore is not necessarily realized in practice.
description: Final version appeared in ApJ Lett. (August 1 2000); Minor revisions; 10 pages, 2 inserted postscript figures
Glacial to Holocene climate variability in the southern mid latitudes
Creators: name: Piatrunia, Natallia
name: 0000-0002-5341-7964
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Southern Hemisphere westerly winds
Isotope composition
Branched GDGTs
Glacial
Holocene
Paleoclimate

description: The Southern Hemisphere westerly winds play an important role in global climate, by influencing the weather in the mid latitudes, transmitting climate changes between high and low latitudes, and have been proposed to influence the carbon storage in the Southern Ocean. Changes in the position and intensity of the westerlies are anticipated to have a large impact in the future and have also been proposed to play significant role in past climate changes. Paleoclimate proxy records of past variation in the westerlies, however, are controversial, and models suggest that they may depend on a complex interplay between high and low latitude drivers as well as factors such as the mean state of the climate system. This dissertation seeks to improve our understanding of the Southern Hemisphere westerly wind and climate variations. To do so, I generate a 45,000-year record of Southern Hemisphere westerly wind and temperature variability on the North Island of New Zealand using compound-specific hydrogen isotope in sedimentary leaf waxes and branched GDGT-derived temperature using lake records. To improve our interpretations of the hydrogen isotope data in proxy records, I first examine climatic controls on the modern isotopic composition of rainfall on the North Island of New Zealand. This work indicates that isotopic ratios of precipitation mainly reflect regional-scale changes in the atmospheric circulation, with higher δ¹⁸Oₚ values reflecting an increased influence of the tropical anticyclonic circulation and lower δ¹⁸Oₚ ratios reflecting a greater contribution from the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds. Based on our improved understanding of isotopic controls, our multi-proxy record shows that Northern Hemisphere climate exerts a dominant control over the westerlies, irrespective of the changes in the southern Hemisphere mid to high latitude climate conditions. Finally, I examine the distribution of isoprenoid GDGT lipids and elemental ratios from the same lake to provide a complimentary set of proxies of lake stratification and mixing.
The Average Shape of Transport-Limited Aggregates
Creators: name: Davidovitch, Benny
name: Choi, Jaehyuk
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between stochastic and continuous transport-limited growth models, which generalize conformal-mapping formulations of diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) and viscous fingering, respectively. We derive a nonlinear integro-differential equation for the asymptotic shape (average conformal map) of stochastic aggregates, whose mean-field approximation is the corresponding continuous equation, where the interface moves at its local expected velocity. Our equation accurately describes advection-diffusion-limited aggregation (ADLA), and, due to nonlinear averaging over fluctuations, the average ADLA cluster is similar, but not identical, to an exact solution of the mean-field dynamics. Similar results should apply to all models in our class, thus explaining the known discrepancies between average DLA clusters and viscous fingers in a channel geometry.
Entropy production and non-Markovian dynamical maps
Creators: name: Marcantoni, S.
name: Alipour, S.
name: Benatti, F.
name: Floreanini, R.
name: Rezakhani, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the weak-coupling limit approach to open quantum systems, the presence of the bath is eliminated and accounted for by a master equation that introduces dissipative contributions to the system reduced dynamics. Within this framework, there are no bath entropy contributions to the entropy balance. We show that, as a consequence, the entropy production fails to be positive for a class of physically legitimate (i.e., completely positive and trace preserving) non-Markovian dynamical maps. Moreover, in the absence of the semigroup property, if the reduced dynamics has a thermal asymptotic state, this need not be stationary. In this case, even the integrated entropy production becomes negative. These observations imply that, when the conditions leading to reduced dynamics of semigroup type are relaxed, a consistent formulation of the second law of thermodynamics requires that the environment contribution to the entropy balance be explicitly taken into account.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted in Scientific Reports
Geophysical insights into the crater subsurface at the Chicxulub and Ries impact craters
Creators: name: McCall, Naoma
name: 0000-0001-7133-7717
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Impact cratering
Chicxulub
Ries

description: Large impact events have shaped the evolution of life on Earth both during early Earth history and the K-Pg extinction event. They transport huge volumes of rock distances of kilometers in timescales ranging from seconds to minutes. Impacts are found on every rocky and icy planetary body and are the dominant form of crustal resurfacing on planets without plate tectonics. As impact cratering is an important geologic process, but one that is rarely observed in real time, our understanding relies on modeling and existing craters. On Earth, impact craters are often eroded, tectonically deformed, or buried in sediment. This dissertation uses drill core and seismic data at two craters largely obscured but preserved by sedimentation: the Chicxulub impact crater, Mexico and the Nördlingen Ries impact crater, Germany. My research ground-truthed impact cratering models and strengthened theories of faulting and acoustic fluidization at Chicxulub. At Ries, the data acquired, processed, and interpreted during this PhD shows that Ries is a transitional crater that exhibits neither a central peak nor peak ring and that the suevite deposition at the crater was emplaced via ground-hugging flows. I measured the permeability of peak ring rocks from the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 364 core, an important parameter for determining the duration of the post impact hydrothermal system at Chicxulub, I found that the permeabilities were likely responsible for an isolated and heterogeneous post-impact hydrothermal system at Chicxulub.