cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Personality, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and human computer interactions
Creators: name: Bagga, Harjit S
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The two most commonly used treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are antidepressant drugs and behaviour therapy in the form of exposure and response prevention. These treatments, while efficacious, have limitations such as high costs, side effects, and limited availability. The use of computers in the therapy process minimises some of the barriers traditional OCD treatments present, while providing benefits in their own right. Evidence suggests that computer-aided behaviour therapy programs may be a suitable adjunct to traditional client-therapist treatments. Computer-aided vicarious exposure (CA VE) programs not only deliver a therapy, but can also measure the interaction between the program user and components of therapy. The availability of computer treatments that can measure these interactions opens the way for research into variables that may influence a user's interaction with a treatment program. Individual personality characteristics are known to impact treatment outcome, however, there is little literature examining the relationship between personality variables and their impact on OCD treatment. Further research into the relationship between personality and OCD treatments, in particular computer treatments which measure user interaction with the program, can assist in identifying the components of therapy useful for people with different characteristics.
THE INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEED PEAS AND THE YIELD OF MIXED AGROCENOSES
Creators: name: Alyoshin, M.A.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: nitrogen fertilizer
seed peas
mixed agrocenosis

description: The results of a 3-factor field experiment to establish the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the development of seeded pea plants in mixed agrocenoses with oats and spring wheat are presented. When applying N30, the stimulating effect of nitrogen on the course of growth processes, changes in the biometric parameters of the root system and the above�ground part of pea plants were noted. A higher dosage of nitrogen (N45, N60) led to inhibition of the formation of the rhizobial apparatus on pea roots at the initial stages of development. The maximum grain yield in the experiment (3.17 t /ha) was obtained by cultivating a mixture of peas 40% + oats 15% + wheat 45% and applying N60.
Renormalization factor and effective mass of the two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Holzmann, Markus
name: Bernu, Bernard
name: Olevano, Valerio
name: Martin, Richard M.
name: Ceperley, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the momentum distribution of the Fermi liquid phase of the homogeneous, two-dimensional electron gas. We show that, close to the Fermi surface, the momentum distribution of a finite system with $N$ electrons approaches its thermodynamic limit slowly, with leading order corrections scaling as $N^{-1/4}$. These corrections dominate the extrapolation of the renormalization factor, $Z$, and the single particle effective mass, $m^*$, to the infinite system size. We show how convergence can be improved analytically. In the range $1 \le r_s \le 10$, we get a lower renormalization factor $Z$ and a higher effective mass, $m^*>m$, compared to the perturbative RPA values.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Robustness of the Spin-Chern number
Creators: name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spin-Chern ($C_s$) was originally introduced on finite samples by imposing spin boundary conditions at the edges. This definition lead to confusing and contradictory statements. On one hand the original paper by Sheng and collaborators revealed robust properties of $C_s$ against disorder and certain deformations of the model and, on the other hand, several people pointed out that $C_s$ can change sign under special deformations that keep the bulk Hamiltonian gap open. Because of the later findings, the Spin-Chern number was dismissed as a true bulk topological invariant and now is viewed as something that describes the edge where the spin boundary conditions are imposed. In this paper, we define the Spin-Chern number directly in the thermodynamic limit, without using any boundary conditions. We demonstrate its quantization in the presence of strong disorder and we argue that $C_s$ is a true bulk topological invariant whose robustness against disorder and smooth deformations of the Hamiltonian have important physical consequences. The properties of the Spin-Chern number remain valid even when the time reversal invariance is broken.
description: greatly enlarged version; concepts clarified more thoroughly
THE WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY AS AN INSTRUMENT OF GEOPOLITICAL STRUGGLE
Creators: name: Xiaowei, Bao
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
globalization
sports and politics
Olympic movement
the International Olympic Committee
sanctions policy
collective responsibility
doping test
Asia-Pacific Region

description: The article describes some modern approaches to the discredit of national sports committees with the usage of resources of the World Anti-Doping Agency in order to pile the political pressure on countries on the cusp of the Olympic Games.
Topological Entropy and Diffeomorphisms of Surfaces with Wandering Domains
Creators: name: Kwakkel, Ferry
name: Markovic, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C62, 28D20

description: Let $M$ be a closed surface and $f$ a diffeomorphism of $M$. A diffeomorphism is said to permute a dense collection of domains, if the union of the domains are dense and the iterates of any one domain are mutually disjoint. In this note, we show that if $f \in \diff^{1+α}(M)$, with $α>0$, and permutes a dense collection of domains with bounded geometry, then $f$ has zero topological entropy.
The evolution of Hobart: A study in historical geography with special reference to urban fabric and function, circa 1804-1963
Creators: name: Solomon, RJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is primarily a study in historical geography. It seeks to trace the development of one small centre of population to city status. In so doing, an attempt is made to expose, define and evaluate the processes which influence functional differentiation in a growing settlement node. Many would agree with Handlin that \we need fewer studies of the city in history than of the history of cities\" though some would disagree that \"no amount of theorising about the nature of cities will answer questions posed by their individual and regional differences. While the subject of this investigation is essentially a microcosm having \"the advantage of permitting a close and detailed study\" it is hoped to avoid in part at least the accompanying \"drawback of being non-representative.\""
TRADITIONAL CUSTOMS OF THE KYRGYZ AS A FACTOR IN THE SOCIALIZATION OF A CHILD’S PERSONALITY (Based on the Kyrgyz folk epic “Manas”)
Creators: name: Koldoshev M.K
Publisher: name: Deutsche Internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: custom
people
socialization
factor
upbringing
modern life

description: In the proposed research article, in accordance with the objectives of the study, we made an attempt to determine the knowledge of students about the traditional customs of the Kyrgyz contained in the folk epic “Manas”. It has been characterized as which traditional customs were shown to be knowledgeable by the majority of students, as well as a smaller number of students named individual traditional customs. Students noted the traditions that are actively used in the modern life of the people. The article contains material on how our fathers and grandfathers attracted and motivated their children to actively participate in events dedicated to traditional customs in order to increase the effectiveness of their social education.
Land use planning, coastal inundation and coastal erosion in Tasmania
Creators: name: Roberts, LT
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This study seeks further understanding of how to use land use planning to improve the current Tasmanian practice in mitigating the impacts from coastal hazards and adapt sea level rise resulting from climate change. Coastal hazards include coastal inundation and coastal erosion, which under current climate change scenarios, will increasingly have impact on coastal communities through emergency events including storms or long-term coastal change though coastal retreat. Over long periods of time land use (and risk-based) planning allows people to alter the impact of change, from currently vulnerable settlement patterns to more resilient ones. The study focused on current practice in five Tasmanian local governments identified as those most vulnerable to coastal hazards: Break O'Day, Central Coast, Clarence, Kingborough and Waratah-Wynyard. In particular, and drawing on empirical data from those local governments, the research focuses on the interrelationships among planning, risk and emergency management, making a series of observations about current governance. Four themes emerged from reviewing current planning schemes examining available spatial information and interviewing planning staff in each of the five councils: capacity, integration, communication, and tools. More specifically, analysis of the themes provided an opportunity to examine land use planning in response to coastal hazards, including: council capacity (in skills, resources and finances); integration of schemes and planning controls to ensure that hazards are treated in a common way; use of communication to ensure communities arc consulted and participate in planning and emergency management processes; and the development of common tools for schemes, risk assessment methods and data sets. This study provides insights in to the current failings in planning for coastal hazards, pointing to principles, which can be used in processes of change management from ad hoc to integrated systems of planning with the aim of developing community resilience to coastal inundation and erosion.
title: ÐÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ðµ
title: Development of cultural-historical space in the process of teaching chemistry in higher education
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÐµÐ², ÐÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð¸Ð»
name: Ð¡Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð², ÐÐ²Ð°Ð½
name: "Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ: Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ", Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ñ (13; 2024; Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³)
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð¥Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ
ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ²Ð¾
ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¸
Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¼
ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
cultural-historical space
formation of civic responsibility
patriotism
social responsibility
social responsibility of a scientist

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑ Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð½ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¼Ð° Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐµ Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ²Ð°. ÐÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ Ð½Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð³ÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°, Ð½Ð¾ Ð¸ ÐµÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾-Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾. Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½ Ð² Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ - Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐµ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾. ÐÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð² ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¼ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÑ-ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð², Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ² Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ð°ÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð² Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐµ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ.
description: The paper examines issues of fostering civic-mindedness and patriotism in the process of mastering the cultural and historical space. Mastery of culturalhistorical space is possible not only through studying humanities but also natural sciences. This article discusses the process of exploring cultural-historical space using the example of teaching chemical disciplines at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. It demonstrates that incorporating examples reflecting the civic stance and patriotism of eminent Russian chemists into lecture structures will contribute to the development of these qualities in students, which is particularly relevant at present.
Dynamics of the bacterial flagellar motor with multiple stators - Supporting Information
Creators: name: Meacci, G.
name: Tu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this supporting information we briefly describe the torque-speed measurement procedure. We show the hook spring compliance used in the simulations. We analyze the distribution functions of the moving and waiting time intervals. We study the dependence of the torque plateau region on the stator jumping rate and the cutoff angle, and the robustness of the results against different rotor-stator- potential and load-rotor forces.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Supporting Information for arXiv:0901.0936v1. Submitted to PNAS
A study of the relationship between zooplankton and high-frequency scattering of underwater sound
Creators: name: Pieper, Richard Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Quantitative volume-scattering measurements were compared to the distribution of euphausiids in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia. Scattering was recorded at 42, 107, and 200 kHz from the depths of high euphausiid concentrations, and volume-scattering coefficients were determined. No scattering from euphausiids was recorded by a 11 kHz echo-sounder. Daily variations in the volume-scattering coefficients, m(Δz), generally compared well with variations in the concentration of euphausiids. The daily behaviour of the high-frequency scattering layer., and therefore m(Δz) and the concentration of euphausiids, was influenced by moonlight and weather conditions as well as the presence or absence of an oxycline in the inlet. In the absence of an oxycline conditions would have been closer to conditions in the open ocean. Under these circumstances euphausiid concentrations and m(Δz) were low in the mornings and gradually increased throughout the day; the high-frequency scattering layer consolidated. During the evening migration, the layer became more diffuse, and the number of euphausiids per cubic metre decreased. The scattering cross-section, σ (cm²), of a euphausiid was found to increase with the average dry weight and length, and with increased frequency. For each cruise σ was approximately one order of magnitude apart at the three frequencies. The values of σ (in cm²) ranged from 4.81 x 10⁻⁵ to 5.21 x 10⁻³(200 kHz), 5.49 x 10⁻⁶ to 3.99 x 10⁻⁴ (107 kHz), and 2.30 x 10⁻⁷ to 3.67 x 10⁻⁵ (42 kHz).
B and D Meson Decay Constants
Creators: name: Bernard, C.
name: DeTar, C.
name: Di Pierro, M.
name: El-Khadra, A. X.
name: Evans, R. T.
name: Freeland, E. D.
name: Gamiz, E.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Hetrick, J. E.
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Laiho, J.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Mackenzie, P. B.
name: Simone, J.
name: Sugar, R.
name: Toussaint, D.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update of our calculations of the decay constants of the D, D_s, B, and B_s mesons in unquenched 2+1 flavor QCD. We use the MILC library of improved staggered gauge ensembles at lattice spacings 0.09, 0.12, and 0.15 fm, clover heavy quarks with the Fermilab normalizations, and improved staggered light valence quarks.
description: 7 pages; based on talked presented by P. Mackenzie at the XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 14-19 2008, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Methods for the evaluation of melanin as a sunscreen agent
Creators: name: Bleasel, Martin Daniel
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis outlines the development of four new procedures (1) to synthesise melanins reproducibly, (2) to objectively determine the degree of structural similarity between melanins (3) to use diffuse reflectance to objectively measure skin colour and (4) to evaluate the SPF of melanin and other sunscreen formulations using in vitro methods. 1) Reproducible synthesis of melanins Melanins were synthesised from the precursors adrenaline, dopamine and DL-dopa under controlled conditions. The synthesis procedure outlined was simple and inexpensive and the variables were easily monitored and controlled. The method also allowed for the synthesis of multiple batches of melanin simultaneously in a reproducible fashion. 2) Characterisation of melanin The synthesised melanins were characterised by objective comparison of pyrograms. This was achieved by conversion of the pyrograms to pseudo-mass spectra‚ÄövÑvp and objective comparison using NIST software that us readily and widely available for the comparison of mass spectra. The method indicated that the melanin batches, synthesised by the methods outlined in this thesis and later analysed by the methods described, were synthesised in a reproducible manner. 3) Measurement of skin colour by diffuse reflectance A commercially available spectrophotometer was modified to objectively characterise skin colour and changes in skin colour by the determination of the diffuse reflectance of the skin. This device developed compares favourably with similar devices described in the literature in terms of reproducibility and has the advantages of shorter scan times and a higher resolution. It was simple to construct and at about A$600 was approximately one tenth the cost of similar commercial devices.4) In vitro evaluation of topical sunscreens The aim of this work was to develop an improved technique for the in vitro determination of SPF values of sunscreens. The method outlined differs from other in vitro techniques in that it utilises a standard spectrophotometer operated in a pseudo-double beam mode. The pseudo-double beam mode compared detector responses taken at different gains in single beam mode, and was used to increase the linear range of the spectrophotometer detector, allowing the measurement of SPF values greater than 30 which is difficult using standard in vitro techniques. In theory, SPF values greater than > 1000 could be measured by this method. The value of this technique was subsequently demonstrated when it correctly measured the SPF value of a commercially available sunscreen that had been assigned an incorrect SPF value from earlier in vivo testing. The corrected value was subsequently confirmed by independent in vivo testing.
The local dust foregrounds in the microwave sky: I. Thermal emission spectra
Creators: name: Dikarev, V.
name: Preuss, O.
name: Solanki, S.
name: Krueger, H.
name: Krivov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyses of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation maps made by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) have revealed anomalies not predicted by the standard inflationary cosmology. In particular, the power of the quadrupole moment of the CMB fluctuations is remarkably low, and the quadrupole and octopole moments are aligned mutually and with the geometry of the Solar system. It has been suggested in the literature that microwave sky pollution by an unidentified dust cloud in the vicinity of the Solar system may be the cause for these anomalies. In this paper, we simulate the thermal emission by clouds of spherical homogeneous particles of several materials. Spectral constraints from the WMAP multi-wavelength data and earlier infrared observations on the hypothetical dust cloud are used to determine the dust cloud's physical characteristics. In order for its emissivity to demonstrate a flat, CMB-like wavelength dependence over the WMAP wavelengths (3 through 14 mm), and to be invisible in the infrared light, its particles must be macroscopic. Silicate spheres from several millimetres in size and carbonaceous particles an order of magnitude smaller will suffice. According to our estimates of the abundance of such particles in the Zodiacal cloud and trans-neptunian belt, yielding the optical depths of the order of 1E-7 for each cloud, the Solar-system dust can well contribute 10 microKelvin (within an order of magnitude) in the microwaves. This is not only intriguingly close to the magnitude of the anomalies (about 30 microKelvin), but also alarmingly above the presently believed magnitude of systematic biases of the WMAP results (below 5 microKelvin) and, to an even greater degree, of the future missions with higher sensitivities, e.g. PLANCK.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. The Astrophysical Journal, 2009, accepted
The role of metaphor in design education pedagogy
Creators: name: Welch, A
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The classroom implementation of the Tasmanian Certificate of Education from 1990 has created a need for teachers to critically examine their respective pedagogies in the light of its syllabuses' aims, objectives, and assessment procedures. Syllabuses written for the Material, Design and Technology (MDT) curriculum area now prescribe a fuller expressions of the design education intention than that which was more liberally expressed in former School Certificate syllabuses for Manual Arts, The intention of design education is firmly stated in all MDT syllabuses, namely: Applied Design, Design in Graphics, Design in Metal, Design in Plastics and Design in Wood. Design education has been expressed in various forms in school subjects akin to MDT in the English-speaking world for 100 years and during that time a conflicting relationship between a tool skills orientation and a design based orientation of the subjects' pedagogies has emerged: each is regarded as being mutually exclusive. Much of the debate has focused on the pedagogical application of the design process; debate about whether tool skills acquisition can be addressed simultaneously with design processes through students' exploration and discovery of them, or whether tool skills development is a necessary pre-requisite for design activities which must be purposefully developed in an a priori fashion.
Ion and water regulation during feeding in the female tick Ornithodorus moubata
Creators: name: Kaufman, Susan Elaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Females of the soft tick Ornithodorus moubata were fed artificially on blood meals of varying ionic and osmotic compositions. Chloride and sodium were actively transported from gut to hemolymph. Potassium ions may have been actively transported from hemolymph to gut or passively distributed across a gut epithelium of low permeability. Water movement across the gut was dependent on the total sodium and chloride transported and on the osmotic pressure difference across the gut wall. Constant sodium chloride concentrations and osmotic pressures were maintained in the hemolymph when ticks were fed meals of differing compositions provided these meals were isosmotic with normal blood. Otherwise the osmotic pressure of the hemolymph paralleled that of the meal. The following evidence led me to conclude that the coxal fluid was produced by ultrafiltration. The coxal gland never produced fluid which was hypertonic to the hemolymph. Inulin showed a coxal fluid: hemolymph ratio of unity over a wide range of inulin concentrations in the hemolymph. Hydrostatic pressure in the hemolymph increased during coxal fluid production and the rate of production was pressure sensitive. The site of ultrafiltration was demonstrated v/hen fluorescein-labelled albumin was trapped in the thin membraneous structure enveloping the tubular part of the gland. The ultra-structure of this membrane was very similar to that of other tissues engaged in filtration. Sodium was actively reabsorbed and chloride moved passively down an electropotential gradient across the resorption tubule of the coxal gland. Potassium was actively transported from hemolymph to resorption cells and passively diffused into the coxal fluid. There was some resorptive capacity for amino acids but they were not regulated to the same degree as inorganic ions. The ultrastructure of the resorption cells was typical of that found in cells engaged in ion and water transport.
Analytic Continuation of some zeta functions
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Gautami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is an expository paper on the meromorphic continuation of zeta functions with Euler products (for example zeta functions of groups and height zeta functions) or without (for example the Goldbach zeta function). As an application we show how a natural boundary of analytic continuation can give asymptotic results.
A mechanics for the Ricci flow
Creators: name: Abraham, S.
name: de Cordoba, P. Fernandez
name: Isidro, J. M.
name: Santander, J. L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the classical mechanics associated with a conformally flat Riemannian metric on a compact, n-dimensional manifold without boundary. The corresponding gradient Ricci flow equation turns out to equal the time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equation of the mechanics so defined.
description: 9 pages, refs. added
Impacto da iluminação pública na natureza
Creators: name: Sousa, André Tiago Alves
name: Nogueira, Teresa Alexandra
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: A iluminação artificial veio iluminar o ambiente noturno dos seres vivos no Planeta, ao ponto de modificar os hábitos dos organismos e o bioma da região iluminada. Certos sistemas de Iluminação relacionam-se com problemas de saúde, tanto em humanos como noutros seres vivos, por causar distúrbios no ciclo biológico. Neste artigo é analisado o impacto da iluminação pública no ser humano e ainda em mais 4 espécies de animais, como é o caso das aves, peixes, tartarugas marinhas e morcegos.
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
The Asymptotic Efficiency of Improved Prediction Intervals
Creators: name: Kabaila, Paul
name: Syuhada, Khreshna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Barndorff-Nielsen and Cox (1994, p.319) modify an estimative prediction limit to obtain an improved prediction limit with better coverage properties. Kabaila and Syuhada (2008) present a simulation-based approximation to this improved prediction limit, which avoids the extensive algebraic manipulations required for this modification. We present a modification of an estimative prediction interval, analogous to the Barndorff-Nielsen and Cox modification, to obtain an improved prediction interval with better coverage properties. We also present an analogue, for the prediction interval context, of this simulation-based approximation. The parameter estimator on which the estimative and improved prediction limits and intervals are based is assumed to have the same asymptotic distribution as the (conditional) maximum likelihood estimator. The improved prediction limit and interval depend on the asymptotic conditional bias of this estimator. This bias can be very sensitive to very small changes in the estimator. It may require considerable effort to find this bias. We show, however, that the improved prediction limit and interval have asymptotic efficiencies that are functionally independent of this bias. Thus, improved prediction limits and intervals obtained using the Barndorff-Nielsen and Cox type of methodology can conveniently be based on the (conditional) maximum likelihood estimator, whose asymptotic conditional bias is given by the formula of Vidoni (2004, p.144). Also, improved prediction limits and intervals obtained using Kabaila and Syuhada type approximations have asymptotic efficiencies that are independent of the estimator on which these intervals are based.
Lighting Consumption Optimization in a Residential House Based on Electricity Price
Creators: name: Ghahfarrokhi, Mahsa Khorram
name: Nogueira, Teresa Alexandra
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: The increment of the electricity consumption around the world has led many efforts on the network operators to reduce the consumption in the demand side and encourage to increase the use of renewable energies. Since the buildings have a significant part in energy consumption, and lighting systems have an important role in the energy consumption of the buildings, the optimization of the lighting system should be effective. Hence, the focus of this paper is to minimize the lamps consumption of a residential house based on electricity price and try to take advantages from photovoltaic generation as much as possible. The methodology of this work is proposed as a linear optimization problem that manages the generation of a renewable energy re-source, which supplies a part of the energy consumption of the house. For the case studies, the amount of the renewable energy generation, total consumption of building, consumption of the lights, and electricity price are considered.
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
Baterias de Iões de Lítio, a chave da Eletrificação Automóvel
Creators: name: Martins, Henrique Fragoso
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: A mobilidade da sociedade do século XXI levanta questões de sustentabilidade energética, tanto a nível da produção de energia como do seu armazenamento. As baterias de iões - lítio são um dos sistemas de armazenamento químico de energia mais relevantes da atualidade com aplicação nos mais diversos dispositivos elétricos e eletrónicos e, recentemente, nos veículos elétricos e híbridos. Comparativamente a outros sistemas, estas baterias destacam-se por serem leves e com elevado potencial elétrico, entre outras caraterísticas vantajosas que se descrevem. Neste artigo são apresentadas e comparadas 3 tecnologias de baterias de iões de lítio utilizadas na indústria automóvel, com uma reflexão sobre as necessidades tecnológicas a desenvolver nos próximos anos
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
The feasibility of heat pumps for domestic heating in Tasmania
Creators: name: Arundell, LF
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: From 1950 to 1975, Tasmania's rate of energy consumption - particularly consumption of petroleum products -increased considerably. This increase was due to a seemingly unquestioning acceptance of relatively cheap energy, in forms which could supply the real and apparent needs of people and industries.Since the oil crises of the seventies, cheap and abundant energy supplies are no longer taken for granted. On present trends, new electricity sources will be needed, by the end of the century, to supplement Tasmania's hydro-electricity. Some means of replacing petroleum as a fuel for transport will be needed as oil reserves are used up.
Motor de tração para Formula Student: a melhor opção
Creators: name: Rigor, João Gualter Machado
name: Nogueira, Teresa Alexandra
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: A escolha de um motor para veículos de tração elétrica é uma das principais tarefas ao projetar um carro de competição elétrico, uma vez que o motor é o elemento que especifica as caraterísticas dinâmicas do veículo. Neste artigo procede-se a uma análise dos diferentes tipos de motores utilizados atualmente na mobilidade elétrica, sendo que o mais favorável para a implementação no sistema propulsor elétrico do Formula Student é o motor síncrono de ímanes permanentes, o que garante elevada performance do veículo. É desenvolvido o estudo da propulsão elétrica, através do cálculo das forças dinâmicas que atuam num veículo, para se determinar as caraterísticas mecânicas do motor elétrico e se optar pela tecnologia mais eficiente. É apresentada uma possível solução técnica do motor elétrico a implementar no sistema propulsor, selecionado a partir dos resultados obtidos da propulsão elétrica do Formula Student. é uma das principais tarefas ao projetar um carro de competição elétrico, uma vez que o motor é o elemento que especifica as caraterísticas dinâmicas do veículo. Neste artigo procede-se a uma análise dos diferentes tipos de motores utilizados atualmente na mobilidade elétrica, sendo que o mais favorável para a implementação no sistema propulsor elétrico do Formula Student é o motor síncrono de ímanes permanentes, o que garante elevada performance do veículo. É desenvolvido o estudo da propulsão elétrica, através do cálculo das forças dinâmicas que atuam num veículo, para se determinar as caraterísticas mecânicas do motor elétrico e se optar pela tecnologia mais eficiente. É apresentada uma possível solução técnica do motor elétrico a implementar no sistema propulsor, selecionado a partir dos resultados obtidos da propulsão elétrica do Formula Student.
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
Clifford Fibrations and Possible Kinematics
Creators: name: McRae, Alan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Following Herranz and Santander [Herranz F.J., Santander M., Mem. Real Acad. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Natur. Madrid 32 (1998), 59-84, physics/9702030] we will construct homogeneous spaces based on possible kinematical algebras and groups [Bacry H., Levy-Leblond J.-M., J. Math. Phys. 9 (1967), 1605-1614] and their contractions for 2-dimensional spacetimes. Our construction is different in that it is based on a generalized Clifford fibration: Following Penrose [Penrose R., Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York, 2005] we will call our fibration a Clifford fibration and not a Hopf fibration, as our fibration is a geometrical construction. The simple algebraic properties of the fibration describe the geometrical properties of the kinematical algebras and groups as well as the spacetimes that are derived from them. We develop an algebraic framework that handles all possible kinematic algebras save one, the static algebra.
Estratégia de flexibilidade de veículos elétricos para alívio de congestionamento em redes de distribuição
Creators: name: Gomes, Lucas B. G.
name: Soares, João André Pinto
name: Canizes, Bruno Miguel Da Rocha
name: Neto, Edison A. C. Aranha
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: Devido à crescente preocupação com as questões ambientais e de sustentabilidade, o sistema de transporte está a passar por importantes mudanças em seu paradigma, com a crescente substituição de veículos de combustão interna por elétricos. Consequentemente, os sistemas elétricos precisam se adaptar à carga cada vez maior exigida da rede de distribuição e ao desafio de identificar padrões de comportamento dos utilizadores de veículos elétricos. Para preparar a rede para essas mudanças, é necessário estudar o comportamento dos usuários de VEs e desenvolver estratégias para lidar com a crescente demanda de veículos elétricos. Sabendo que os veículos elétricos passam por longos períodos estacionados nas estações de carregamento (acima do necessário para recarregar completamente a sua bateria), este trabalho de pesquisa propõe uma estratégia de carregamento de VEs, que visa explorar esses longos tempos estacionados nas estações de carregamento de maneira inteligente. Essa metodologia é aplicada em uma cidade inteligente realista com alta penetração de veículos elétricos para investigar melhor sua aplicação e resultados.
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
Episodic Random Accretion and the Cosmological Evolution of Supermassive Black Hole Spins
Creators: name: Wang, J. -M.
name: Hu, C.
name: Li, Y. -R.
name: Chen, Y. -M.
name: King, A. R.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Ho, L. C.
name: Yan, C. -S.
name: Staubert, R.
name: Zhang, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth of supermassive black holes (BHs) located at the centers of their host galaxies comes mainly from accretion of gas, but how to fuel them remains an outstanding unsolved problem in quasar evolution. This issue can be elucidated by quantifying the radiative efficiency parameter ($η$) as a function of redshift, which also provides constraints on the average spin of the BHs and its possible evolution with time. We derive a formalism to link $η$ with the luminosity density, BH mass density, and duty cycle of quasars, quantities we can estimate from existing quasar and galaxy survey data. We find that $η$ has a strong cosmological evolution: at z~2, $η\approx 0.3$, and by $z\approx 0$ it has decreased by an order of magnitude, to $η\approx 0.03$. We interpret this trend as evolution in BH spin, and we appeal to episodic, random accretion as the mechanism for reducing the spin. The observation that the fraction of radio-loud quasars decreases with increasing redshift is inconsistent with the popular notion that BH spin is a critical factor for generating strong radio jets. In agreement with previous studies, we show that the derived history of BH accretion closely follows the cosmic history of star formation, consistent with other evidence that BHs and their host galaxies coevolve.
description: 4 page, 2 color figures. Accepted by ApJL
Motores de propulsão em veículos elétricos: tipos, características e perspetivas de evolução
Creators: name: Melo, Pedro Miguel Azevedo De Sousa
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: Os sistemas de propulsão baseados em motores síncronos de ímanes permanentes (MSIP) e motores de indução (MI) têm sido as principais opções para veículos híbridos (VH) e elétricos (VE). As limitações das reservas e os elevados custos das terras-raras (constituinte essencial dos ímanes permanentes (IP)) têm motivado o interesse por motores sem IP ou com menores quantidades de terras-raras. Várias configurações têm vindo a ser desenvolvidas e/ou aperfeiçoadas, com vista a ultrapassar as limitações dos MI, sendo que a otimização do seu projeto também tem sido alvo de atenção. De modo não exaustivo, o objetivo deste artigo é incidir sobre os tipos de motores atualmente aplicados na propulsão elétrica. No final, apresenta-se uma breve referência às principais tecnologias emergentes.
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
Could e-Marketing be utilised in the Tasmanian organic growers industry?
Creators: name: Cox, RJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This research presents an assessment of the potential of e-marketing organic produce through the Internet directly to consumers. The research has been scoped so that; (a) Research into the potential of marketing organic produce through e-market functions; and (b) The identification and analysis of current marketing processes for organic produce within Tasmania are identified. In order to achieve these aims, a number of qualitative research techniques have been utilised under the case study research methodology. Although using the Internet to sell organic produce directly to consumers may (or may not) be the most efficient and effective method, it is suggested that there are ways in which the Internet could be utilised to expand previously untapped markets for organic produce.
Earth Flyby Anomalies
Creators: name: Nieto, Michael Martin
name: Anderson, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a reference frame fixed to the solar system's center of mass, a satellite's energy will change as it is deflected by a planet. But a number of satellites flying by Earth have also experienced energy changes in the Earth-centered frame -- and that's a mystery.
description: 5 pagea 3 figures
Controlo dos sistemas elétricos de energia
Creators: name: Carvalho, José António Beleza
Publisher: name: Neutro à Terra
Year: 2021

description: Um dos principais objetivos do controlo de um Sistema Elétrico de Energia (SEE) interligado com sistemas vizinhos são os de escalonar as unidades de produção, estabelecer um despacho ótimo e garantir um eficaz equilíbrio entre a produção e o consumo, considerando as perdas na rede e os valores contratualizados para as interligações. Isto não será viável se não existir um método eficaz de controlo sobre os geradores, sobre a frequência e a tensão na rede e, também, sobre o transito de energia nas linhas de interligação.
description: Neutro à Terra, N.º 24 (2019): Revista Técnico-Científica (Segundo Semestre)
Update on angles and sides of the CKM unitarity triangle from BABAR
Creators: name: Cheng, Chih-hsiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report several recent updates from the BABAR Collaboration on the matrix elements $|V_{cb}|$, $|V_{ub}|$, and $|V_{td}|$ of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix, and the angles $β$ and $α$ of the unitarity triangle. Most results presented here are using the full BABAR $Υ(4S)$ data set.
description: 3 pages, talk given at PANIC 08 conference, Eilat, Israel, 9-14 Nov 2008
The effects of oxygen and temperature on the physiology of hatching stage Atlantic salmon
Creators: name: Polymeropoulos, ET
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Environmental change and its impact on the form, function and adaptive responses of fish, especially in relation to maternal effects or individual genotype, is of major interest to biologists. Oxygen levels and temperature have profound effects on the physiology of fish, and early developmental stages are particularly susceptible to environmental challenges. In this thesis the metabolic, cardiorespiratory and cellular stress responses to acute or chronic changes of these variables in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) embryos and yolk-sac alevins were investigated. Eggs and alevins matched their metabolic demand to acute changes in oxygen levels without altering cardiorespiratory function unless oxygen reached critically low levels (5 kPa). In contrast, chronic hypoxia (10.5 kPa for 15 days), but not hyperoxia (28 kPa for 15 days) resulted in functional and structural modifications that enabled metabolic rate to return to the normoxic (21 kPa) pre-exposure level while maintained in hypoxia (10.5 kPa); this indicating a metabolic compensation. On return to acute normoxia, irrespective of the measurement temperature (4, 8, 12¬¨‚àûC), metabolic rate was elevated above the pre-hypoxic value observed in normoxia, presumably a result of the structural and/or functional modifications that occured in hypoxia. In addition, differences in metabolism and responses to hypoxia were influenced by maternal factors such as egg size, which in turn are determined by maternal body size. Egg size-dependent differences in metabolic rate of embryos were present and larger embryos from repeat spawning females exhibited increased tolerance to hypoxia, as represented by lower critical oxygen levels for hatching than observed in embryos from smaller eggs from maiden spawners (13 kPa vs. 17 kPa). This result suggests an advantage in embryos from larger eggs whereby the embryo can obtain sufficient oxygen due to the larger surface area of the egg in respect to the embryo's metabolic rate. Genetic modification for growth (growth hormone transgenesis) or triploidy (three sets of paired chromosomes) increased metabolic rate above a diploid conspecific (both by 8%). This effect was additive in triploid transgenic alevins that also displayed an altered cardiorespiratory response to acute, severe hypoxia (5 kPa). In addition, acute hypoxia did not elicit a cellular stress response, but was associated with differential (reduced) expression of cellular stress proteins (heat shock proteins) that in one case (Hsp90) was dependent on the growth hormone transgenic genotype. Taken together, the above observations demonstrate that extrinsic as well as intrinsic factors have substantial effects on the physiology of developing fish, and that the overall response to extrinsic factors contains a temporal component. Given the associated effects are reflected in changes in metabolism, it is likely that the effects will significantly impact growth, survival and performance of the developing fish.
The demand and supply of tradesmen: Tasmania's future prospects in the automotive industry
Creators: name: Quinn, DJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: For a number of years there appears to have been shortages of suitably qualified tradesmen in most trades. Further it has been suggested that due to a misallocation of resources within the education system (i.e., an over-emphasis of higher education) the problem will not be solved by current apprenticeship completions. The present undersupply situation is thus expected to continue and perhaps worsen over the next four years.The purpose of this study is to examine the situation as it applies to the automotive industry in Tasmania; to substantiate or repudiate the claim and suggest suitable corrective measures if these are required. In conducting this study a total of 81 firms, representing approximately 60% of the Tasmanian automotive industry, were personally surveyed. The material reproduced in Chapters 3, 4 and 5 should prove of particular interest to these firms.