The Park Grass Plots at Rothamsted 1856 -1949
Creators: name: Rothamsted Experimental Station
Publisher: name: Lawes Agricultural Trust
Year: 1958
Subjects: subject: crop yield
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176
subject: meteorological observations
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4780
subject: fertilizer application
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795
subject: wheat
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8373
subject: soil
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7156
subject: crop rotation
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662
subject: agricultural research
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8679
subject: agronomy
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_211
subject: barley
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_823
subject: fallowing
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2784
subject: farmyard manure
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2810
subject: nitrogen fertilizers
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5195
subject: rothamsted research
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41331872
subject: rothamsted classical experiments
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41332378
subject: broadbalk long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41331872
subject: park grass long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7137747
subject: rothamsted long-term experiments
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41530393
subject: hoosfield alternate wheat and fallow long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41523123
subject: exhaustion land long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41528375
subject: broadbalk wilderness experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41528075
subject: geescroft wilderness experiments
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41528232
subject: agdell long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41530125
subject: barnfield long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41528611
subject: Garden clover long-term experiment
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41528458
subject: nitrogen
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5192
subject: liming
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25206
subject: potash fertilizers
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6138
subject: superphosphate
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7521
subject: hay
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3508
subject: soil pH
valueUri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34901

description: Scanned PDF of The Park Grass Plots at Rothamsted 1856 -1949
description: Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction, Methods of Sampling and Analysis, Manuring, Yield and pH Values of the Soil..1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction, Methods of Sampling and Analysis, Manuring, Yield and pH Values of the Soil..1<br>THE PARK GRASS PLOTS AT ROTHAMSTED 1856-1949........................................................1<br>Chapter I. Introduction, Methods of Sampling and Analysis, Manuring, Yield and pH Values of the Soil..1<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................2<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................2<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................2<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................2<br>Foreword............................................................................................2<br>Foreword............................................................................................2<br>Park Grass - plan...................................................................................2<br>Foreword............................................................................................3<br>Foreword............................................................................................3<br>Foreword............................................................................................3<br>Foreword............................................................................................3<br>Contents............................................................................................3<br>Contents............................................................................................3<br>Foreword............................................................................................3<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................4<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................4<br>Contents............................................................................................4<br>Contents............................................................................................4<br>Contents............................................................................................4<br>Contents............................................................................................4<br>Contents............................................................................................4<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................5<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................5<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................5<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................5<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................5<br>Chapter I. Introduction.............................................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering Plants and Mosses.............................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering Plants and Mosses.............................................................5<br>Chapter II. Flowering Plants and Mosses.............................................................5<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Mosses..............................................................................................6<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................7<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................7<br>Yield...............................................................................................7<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................7<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................7<br>Chapter III. General Effect of Individual and Combined Manures......................................7<br>Chapter III. General Effect of Individual and Combined Manures......................................7<br>Chapter III. General Effect of Individual and Combined Manures......................................7<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................8<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................8<br>Number of species...................................................................................8<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................8<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................8<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................8<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................8<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................8<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................8<br>Methods of sampling and analysis....................................................................8<br>Manuring, yield and pH values of the soil...........................................................8<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................9<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................9<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................9<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................9<br>Individual species..................................................................................9<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................9<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................9<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................9<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................9<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................9<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................9<br>Chapter II. Flowering plants and mosses.............................................................9<br>Flowering plants....................................................................................9<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Limed...............................................................................................10<br>Yield...............................................................................................10<br>Mosses..............................................................................................10<br>Mosses..............................................................................................10<br>Mosses..............................................................................................10<br>Mosses..............................................................................................10<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Number of species...................................................................................11<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................11<br>Individual species..................................................................................11<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................11<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................11<br>Yield...............................................................................................11<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................11<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................11<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................11<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................11<br>Yield...............................................................................................11<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................11<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................11<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................11<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................11<br>Yield...............................................................................................11<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................11<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................11<br>Chapter III. General effect of individual and combined manures......................................11<br>Unlimed.............................................................................................11<br>Yield...............................................................................................11<br>Nitrogenous manures alone...........................................................................11<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................11<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................12<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................12<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................12<br>Number of species...................................................................................12<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................12<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................12<br>Number of species...................................................................................12<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................12<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................12<br>Number of species...................................................................................12<br>Nitrogenous and mineral manure combines.............................................................12<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................12<br>Number of species...................................................................................12<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Unmanured since 1856 Plot 3 (Fig 4).................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................13<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................13<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................13<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................13<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................13<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................13<br>Individual species..................................................................................13<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................13<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................13<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................13<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................13<br>Individual species..................................................................................13<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................13<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................13<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................13<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................13<br>Individual species..................................................................................13<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species (Figs 1-3).....................13<br>Nitrogenous manures alone or combined with minerals.................................................13<br>Mineral manures alone...............................................................................13<br>Organic manures.....................................................................................13<br>Individual species..................................................................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of Manures and Lime on Individual Plots..........................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of Manures and Lime on Individual Plots..........................................13<br>Chapter IV. Effect of Manures and Lime on Individual Plots..........................................13<br>Limed...............................................................................................14<br>Yield...............................................................................................14<br>Limed...............................................................................................14<br>Yield...............................................................................................14<br>Limed...............................................................................................14<br>Yield...............................................................................................14<br>Limed...............................................................................................14<br>Yield...............................................................................................14<br>Number of species...................................................................................15<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................15<br>Individual species..................................................................................15<br>Number of species...................................................................................15<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................15<br>Individual species..................................................................................15<br>Number of species...................................................................................15<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................15<br>Individual species..................................................................................15<br>Number of species...................................................................................15<br>Relative amounts of Gramineae, Leguminosae and miscellaneous species ...............................15<br>Individual species..................................................................................15<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................16<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................16<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................16<br>Silicate of soda....................................................................................16<br>Unmanured since 1856 Plot 12 .......................................................................17<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................17<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................17<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................17<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................17<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................17<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................17<br>Chapter IV. Effect of manures and lime on individual plots..........................................17<br>A. No manure (Table 2)..............................................................................17<br>Unmanured since 1856 Plot 3 (Fig 4).................................................................17<br>Unmanured after Farmyard Manure 1856-1863 Plot 2....................................................19<br>Unmanured since 1856 Plot 12 .......................................................................21<br>Unmanured after Ammonium Salts 1856-1897 Plot 5-1 (Fig 5)...........................................22<br>Unmanured after Farmyard Manure 1856-1863 Plot 2....................................................23<br>B. Mineral Manures (Tables 3 and 4).................................................................24<br>Mixed mineral manure Plot 7 (Fig 6).................................................................24<br>Unmanured after Ammonium Salts 1856-1897 Plot 5-1 (Fig 5)...........................................26<br>Mixed mineral manure without Potash Plot 8 (Fig 7)..................................................28<br>B. Mineral Manures (Tables 3 and 4).................................................................28<br>Mixed mineral manure Plot 7 (Fig 6).................................................................28<br>Mixed mineral manure after Ammonium Salts 1856-1868 Plot 6.........................................32<br>Mixed mineral manure without Potash Plot 8 (Fig 7)..................................................32<br>Mixed mineral manure after Nitrate of Soda 1858-1875 Plot 15........................................34<br>Mixed mineral manure after Ammonium Salts 1856-1868 Plot 6.........................................36<br>Superphosphate and Sulphate of Potash after Ammonium Salts 1856-1897 Plot 5-2.......................38<br>Mixed mineral manure after Nitrate of Soda 1858-1875 Plot 15........................................38<br>Superphosphate Plot 4-1 (Fig 8).....................................................................41<br>Superphosphate and Sulphate of Potash after Ammonium Salts 1856-1897 Plot 5-2.......................42<br>C. Nitrate of soda with and without mineral manures (Table 4).......................................44<br>Nitrate of soda (= 43 lb N per acre) Plot 17........................................................44<br>Superphosphate Plot 4-1 (Fig 8).....................................................................45<br>Nitrate of Soda (= 43 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 16 (Fig 9).......................47<br>C. Nitrate of soda with and without mineral manures (Table 4).......................................48<br>Nitrate of soda (= 43 lb N per acre) Plot 17........................................................48<br>Nitrate of soda (= 86 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 14...............................51<br>Nitrate of Soda (= 43 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 16 (Fig 9).......................51<br>D. Ammonium salts with mixed mineral manures (Table 5)..............................................55<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 9 (Fig 10)........................55<br>Nitrate of soda (= 86 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 14...............................55<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure without Potash Plot 10 (Fig 10).......59<br>D. Ammonium salts with mixed mineral manures (Table 5)..............................................59<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 9 (Fig 10)........................59<br>Ammonium salts (= 129 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 11-1.............................62<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure without Potash Plot 10 (Fig 10).......63<br>Ammonium salts (= 129 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure with Silicate of Soda Plot 11-2......65<br>Ammonium salts (= 129 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure Plot 11-1.............................66<br>E. Ammonium salts alone or with incomplete mineral manure (Tables 5 and 6)..........................68<br>Ammonium salts (= 43 lb N per acre) Alone also with FYM 1856-1863 Plot 1............................68<br>Ammonium salts (= 129 lb N per acre) and mixed mineral manure with Silicate of Soda Plot 11-2......69<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and Superphosphate Plot 4-2 (Fig 11)...........................71<br>E. Ammonium salts alone or with incomplete mineral manure (Tables 5 and 6)..........................72<br>Ammonium salts (= 43 lb N per acre) Alone also with FYM 1856-1863 Plot 1............................72<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and mineral manure without Superphosphate after Minerals and Ammonium Salts supplying constituents of 1 ton Hay 1865-1904 Plot 18..74<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and Superphosphate Plot 4-2 (Fig 11)...........................75<br>F. Organic manures (Table 6)........................................................................78<br>Farmyard manure and fish guano alternately (each once in 4 years) after cut wheat straw, mineral and ammonium salts 1856-1897, and minerals and ammonium salts 1898-1904 Plot 13..78<br>Ammonium salts (= 86 lb N per acre) and mineral manure without Superphosphate after Minerals and Ammonium Salts supplying constituents of 1 ton Hay 1865-1904 Plot 18..78<br>Farmyard manure every fourth years after nitrate of soda and minerals 1872-1904 Plot 19............81<br>F. Organic manures (Table 6)........................................................................82<br>Farmyard manure and fish guano alternately (each once in 4 years) after cut wheat straw, mineral and ammonium salts 1856-1897, and minerals and ammonium salts 1898-1904 Plot 13..82<br>Farmyard manure every fourth year with nitrate of soda and minerals in intervening years, after nitrate of potash and superphosphate 1872-1904 Plot 20..85<br>Farmyard manure every fourth years after nitrate of soda and minerals 1872-1904 Plot 19............85<br>Farmyard manure every fourth year with nitrate of soda and minerals in intervening years, after nitrate of potash and superphosphate 1872-1904 Plot 20..89<br>Chapter V. Effect of manures and lime on individual species.........................................90<br>A. Gramineae........................................................................................90<br>Agrostis vulgaris (A. tenuis ) Fig 12...............................................................90<br>Chapter V. Effect of Manures and Lime on Individual Species.........................................90<br>Chapter V. Effect of Manures and Lime on Individual Species.........................................90<br>Chapter V. Effect of Manures and Lime on Individual Species.........................................90<br>Aira caespitosa (Deschampsia caespitosa)............................................................93<br>Alopecurus pratensis (Fig 13).......................................................................93<br>Chapter V. Effect of manures and lime on individual species.........................................94<br>A. Gramineae........................................................................................94<br>Agrostis vulgaris (A. tenuis ) Fig 12...............................................................94<br>Anthoxanthum odoratum (Fig 14)......................................................................96<br>Aira caespitosa (Deschampsia caespitosa)............................................................97<br>Alopecurus pratensis (Fig 13).......................................................................97<br>Arrhenatherum avenaceum (A. elatius) (Fig 15).......................................................98<br>Anthoxanthum odoratum (Fig 14)......................................................................100<br>Avena flavescens (Trisetum flavescens)..............................................................101<br>Avena pubescens (Helictotrichon pubescens (Fig 16)..................................................102<br>Arrhenatherum avenaceum (A. elatius) (Fig 15).......................................................102<br>Briza media.........................................................................................105<br>Avena flavescens (Trisetum flavescens)..............................................................105<br>Bromus mollis.......................................................................................106<br>Avena pubescens (Helictotrichon pubescens (Fig 16)..................................................106<br>Cynosurus cristatus.................................................................................107<br>Dactylis glomerata..................................................................................107<br>Briza media.........................................................................................109<br>Festuca rubra (Fig 17)..............................................................................110<br>Bromus mollis.......................................................................................110<br>Cynosurus cristatus.................................................................................111<br>Dactylis glomerata..................................................................................111<br>Festuca pratensis...................................................................................112<br>Holcus lanatus (Fig 18).............................................................................112<br>Festuca rubra (Fig 17)..............................................................................114<br>Lolium perenne......................................................................................115<br>Poa pratensis (Fig 19)..............................................................................115<br>Poa trivialis.......................................................................................116<br>Festuca pratensis...................................................................................116<br>Holcus lanatus (Fig 18).............................................................................116<br>B. Leguminosae......................................................................................117<br>Lathyrus pratensis..................................................................................117<br>Lotus corniculatus..................................................................................119<br>Lolium perenne......................................................................................119<br>Poa pratensis (Fig 19)..............................................................................119<br>Ononis arvensis (O. repens).........................................................................120<br>Trifolium pratense..................................................................................120<br>Poa trivialis.......................................................................................120<br>B. Leguminosae......................................................................................121<br>Lathyrus pratensis..................................................................................121<br>Trifolium repens....................................................................................122<br>Vicia septium.......................................................................................122<br>C. Miscellaneous species............................................................................123<br>Achillea milefolium.................................................................................123<br>Agrimonia eupatoria.................................................................................123<br>Lotus corniculatus..................................................................................123<br>Ajuga reptans.......................................................................................124<br>Ononis arvensis (O. repens).........................................................................124<br>Trifolium pratense..................................................................................124<br>Anthriscus sylvestris...............................................................................125<br>Carex praecox (C. caryophyllea).....................................................................125<br>Centaurea nigra.....................................................................................126<br>Trifolium repens....................................................................................126<br>Vicia septium.......................................................................................126<br>Cerastium vulgatum..................................................................................127<br>Conopodium denudatum (C. majus).....................................................................127<br>C. Miscellaneous species............................................................................127<br>Achillea milefolium.................................................................................127<br>Agrimonia eupatoria.................................................................................127<br>Epilobium angustifolium (Chamaenerion angustifolium)................................................128<br>Galium verum........................................................................................128<br>Ajuga reptans.......................................................................................128<br>Heracleum sphondylium...............................................................................129<br>Hieraceum pilosella.................................................................................129<br>Anthriscus sylvestris...............................................................................129<br>Carex praecox (C. caryophyllea).....................................................................129<br>Hypochaeis radicata.................................................................................130<br>Leontodon autumnalis................................................................................130<br>Centaurea nigra.....................................................................................130<br>Leontodon hispidus (Fig 20).........................................................................131<br>Cerastium vulgatum..................................................................................131<br>Conopodium denudatum (C. majus).....................................................................131<br>Epilobium angustifolium (Chamaenerion angustifolium)................................................132<br>Galium verum........................................................................................132<br>Linum catharticum...................................................................................133<br>Luzula campestris...................................................................................133<br>Pimpinella saxifraga................................................................................133<br>Plantago lanceolata (Fig 21)........................................................................133<br>Heracleum sphondylium...............................................................................133<br>Hieraceum pilosella.................................................................................133<br>Hypochaeis radicata.................................................................................134<br>Leontodon autumnalis................................................................................134<br>Potentilla reptans..................................................................................135<br>Leontodon hispidus (Fig 20).........................................................................135<br>Poterium sanguisorba................................................................................136<br>Primula veris.......................................................................................136<br>Ranunculus acris et bulbosus........................................................................137<br>Linum catharticum...................................................................................137<br>Luzula campestris...................................................................................137<br>Pimpinella saxifraga................................................................................137<br>Plantago lanceolata (Fig 21)........................................................................137<br>Rumex acetosa (Fig 22)..............................................................................138<br>Scabiosa arvensis...................................................................................139<br>Potentilla reptans..................................................................................139<br>Spirea ulmaria (Filipendula ulmaria)................................................................140<br>Stellaria graminea..................................................................................140<br>Poterium sanguisorba................................................................................140<br>Primula veris.......................................................................................140<br>Taraxacum vulgare (T. officinale)...................................................................141<br>Ranunculus acris et bulbosus........................................................................141<br>Tragopogon pratensis................................................................................142<br>Urtica dioica.......................................................................................142<br>Veronica chamaedrys.................................................................................142<br>Rumex acetosa (Fig 22)..............................................................................142<br>Scabiosa arvensis...................................................................................143<br>Species present 1940-49 in very small amounts which rarely, or never, appear in the Hay Samples.....144<br>Spirea ulmaria (Filipendula ulmaria)................................................................144<br>Stellaria graminea..................................................................................144<br>Figures.............................................................................................145<br>Taraxacum vulgare (T. officinale)...................................................................145<br>Figures.............................................................................................145<br>Figures.............................................................................................145<br>Figures.............................................................................................145<br>1. Percentage of Graminae in 1947...................................................................146<br>Tragopogon pratensis................................................................................146<br>Urtica dioica.......................................................................................146<br>Veronica chamaedrys.................................................................................146<br>2. Percentage of Leguminosae in 1947................................................................147<br>3. Percentage of miscellaneous species in 1947......................................................148<br>Species present 1940-49 in very small amounts which rarely, or never, appear in the Hay Samples.....148<br>4. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 3 unlimed and limed...........................................149<br>Figures.............................................................................................149<br>5. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 5 showing effect of change in manuring in 1897.................150<br>1. Percentage of Graminae in 1947...................................................................150<br>6. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 7 unlimed and limed...........................................151<br>2. Percentage of Leguminosae in 1947................................................................151<br>7. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 8 unlimed and limed............................................152<br>3. Percentage of miscellaneous species in 1947......................................................152<br>8. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 4-1 unlimed and limed..........................................153<br>4. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 3 unlimed and limed...........................................153<br>9. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 16 unlimed and limed..........................................154<br>5. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 5 showing effect of change in manuring in 1897.................154<br>10. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 9 unlimed and limed..........................................155<br>6. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 7 unlimed and limed...........................................155<br>11. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 4-2 unlimed and limed.........................................156<br>7. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 8 unlimed and limed............................................156<br>12. Percentage of Agrostis vulgaris in 1947........................................................157<br>8. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 4-1 unlimed and limed..........................................157<br>13. Percentage of Alopecurus pratensis in 1947......................................................158<br>9. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 16 unlimed and limed..........................................158<br>14. Percentage of Anthoxanthum odoratum in 1947....................................................159<br>10. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 9 unlimed and limed..........................................159<br>15. Percentage of Arrhenatherum avenaceum in 1947..................................................160<br>11. Yield (lb per acre 1st crop) Plot 4-2 unlimed and limed.........................................160<br>16. Percentage of Avena pubescens in 1947...........................................................161<br>12. Percentage of Agrostis vulgaris in 1947........................................................161<br>17. Percentage of Festuca rubra in 1947.............................................................162<br>13. Percentage of Alopecurus pratensis in 1947......................................................162<br>18. Percentage of Holcus lanatus in 1947............................................................163<br>14. Percentage of Anthoxanthum odoratum in 1947....................................................163<br>19. Percentage of Poa pratensis in 1947.............................................................164<br>15. Percentage of Arrhenatherum avenaceum in 1947..................................................164<br>20. Percentage of Leontodon hispidus in 1947........................................................165<br>16. Percentage of Avena pubescens in 1947...........................................................165<br>21. Percentage of Plantago lanceolata in 1947......................................................166<br>17. Percentage of Festuca rubra in 1947.............................................................166<br>22. Percentage of Rumex acetosa in 1947............................................................167<br>18. Percentage of Holcus lanatus in 1947............................................................167<br>Tables..............................................................................................167<br>Tables..............................................................................................167<br>Tables..............................................................................................167<br>Tables..............................................................................................168<br>19. Percentage of Poa pratensis in 1947.............................................................168<br>1a. Manures - all plots.............................................................................169<br>20. Percentage of Leontodon hispidus in 1947........................................................169<br>Yield of hay - all unlimed plots....................................................................170<br>21. Percentage of Plantago lanceolata in 1947......................................................170<br>1b. Regular liming of half plots - dates and amounts................................................171<br>22. Percentage of Rumex acetosa in 1947............................................................171<br>Soil pH on unlimed and limed half plots.............................................................172<br>Tables..............................................................................................172<br>Yield of hay - on all limed plots...................................................................173<br>1a. Manures - all plots.............................................................................173<br>2. Botanical analyses, plots 3, 12, 2, 5-1 unmanured................................................174<br>Yield of hay - all unlimed plots....................................................................174<br>3. Botanical analyses, plots 6, 7, 8, 15, Minerals only no N........................................175<br>1b. Regular liming of half plots - dates and amounts................................................175<br>4. Botanical analyses, plots 5-2, 4-1 Minerals and plots 14, 16, 17, nitrate of soda and Minerals...176<br>Soil pH on unlimed and limed half plots.............................................................176<br>5. Botanical analyses, plots 9, 10, 11-1, 11-2, Ammonium Salts with and without Minerals............177<br>Yield of hay - on all limed plots...................................................................177<br>6a. Botanical analyses, plots 1, 4-2, 18 , Ammonium Salts with and without Minerals.................178<br>2. Botanical analyses, plots 3, 12, 2, 5-1 unmanured................................................178<br>6b. Botanical analyses, plots 13, 19, 20, Farmyard Manure...........................................179<br>3. Botanical analyses, plots 6, 7, 8, 15, Minerals only no N........................................179<br>4. Botanical analyses, plots 5-2, 4-1 Minerals and plots 14, 16, 17, nitrate of soda and Minerals...180<br>5. Botanical analyses, plots 9, 10, 11-1, 11-2, Ammonium Salts with and without Minerals............181<br>6a. Botanical analyses, plots 1, 4-2, 18 , Ammonium Salts with and without Minerals.................182<br>6b. Botanical analyses, plots 13, 19, 20, Farmyard Manure...........................................183<br>